bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Curcumol Inhibits Encephalomyocarditis Virus by Promoting IFN-β Secretion
Authors: Zheng Jiangang , Xu Yinlan , Khan Ajab , Sun Panpan , Sun Yaogui , Fan Kuohai , Yin Wei , Wang Shaoyu , Li Hongquan , Sun Na
Published: October 2020

Background: EMCV infection can cause reproductive failure in sows and acute myocarditis and sudden death in piglets. It has caused huge economic losses to the global pig industry. It is necessary to develop effective new compounds. Traditional Chinese medicine zedoary turmeric oil can be used for treating myocarditis caused by EMCV infection. Curcumol extracted from the roots of Curcuma is one of the main active ingredient of zedoary turmeric oil. To investigate whether curcumol has antiviral activity again the EMCV infection, and what are the molecular mechanisms of such antiviral activity with a focus on the IFN-β signaling pathway. Method: MTT assay was used to determine the maximum non-toxic concentration (MNTC), 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50), maximum inhibition rate (MIR) and 50% effective concentration (EC50) against EMCV. Through EMCV load, the anti-viral effect of curcumol was quantitatively determined using real-time quantitative PCR. The effect of curcumol on the expression of IFN-β was checked using real-time quantitative PCR and ELISA. Western blot was used to determine the amounts of MDA5, MAVS, TANK, IRF3 and P-IRF3 proteins in HEK-293T cells infected with EMCV.Results: The results showed that compared with the positive drug ribavirin control, the MIR of curcumol was greater but the SI value was much smaller than that of ribavirin. The curcumol at 25 μg/ml has significant anti-EMCV activities and increased the expression of IFN-β (P < 0.05). The curcumol inhibited the degradation of TANK protein mediated by EMCV and promoted the expression of MDA5 and P-IRF3, while the protein expression level of MAVS and IRF3 remain unchanged. Conclusion: Curcumol has biological activity against EMCV which we suggest that IFN-β signaling pathway is one of its mechanisms, providing new ideas for clinical treatment of EMCV infection.
Endophyte Colonization Enhances Tolerance of Casuarina Equisetifolia to NaCl Stress by Modifying Osmoregulation, Antioxidant Enzymes, and Phytohormones
Authors: Long Feng , Liang Anjie , Su Jun , Chen Zhiwei , Hong Tao , Wu Chengzhen , Li Jian
Published: October 2020

Background: Saline soils severely affect plant growth. Associations between endophytes and plants are known to significantly alter plant metabolism. This study reports the effects of a fungal endophyte species (Botryosphaeria ramosa ssp.) on osmoregulation, antioxidant enzymes, and the regulation of endogenous plant hormones in Casuarina equisetifolia under NaCl stress. C. equisetifolia plants, with and without B. ramosa ssp. colonization, were subjected to different levels of NaCl stress (0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%) for different amounts of time (0 d, 20 d, 40 d, and 60 d). Results: Antioxidant enzymes, phytohormones, and nutritive elements in the leaves and roots were determined. The results showed that colonization of the roots by B. ramosa ssp. improved the growth rate and dry weight of salt-stressed plants. Moreover, B. ramosa ssp. colonization increased the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxide but decreased the hydrogen peroxide content in the branches of C. equisetifolia under salt stress. Meanwhile, compared with non-colonized plants, endophyte colonization reduced the abscisic acid and proline contents but increased the contents of auxin, zeatin, and gibberellins. Importantly, the nutrient elements in the roots and branches of colonized plants were significantly different from those in the roots and branches of non-colonized plants under saline conditions. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that B. ramosa ssp. colonization can enhance the salt tolerance of C. equisetifolia. by improving the antioxidant enzyme content, regulating the phytohormones, and adjusting proline accumulation under NaCl stress.
Dissociated Response and Clinical Impact in Patients Treated With Nivolumab Monotherapy
Authors: Sato Yuki , Morimoto Takeshi , Hara Shigeo , Nagata Kazuma , Hosoya Kazutaka , Nakagawa Atsushi , Tachikawa Ryo , Tomii Keisuke
Published: October 2020

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are effective for previously treated patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, an unconventional response pattern is sometimes encountered. A dissociated response (DR), characterized by some lesions shrinking and others growing, has been recognized with ICI treatment. In this study, we examined the characteristics and treatment outcomes of DR in previously treated NSCLC patients, receiving nivolumab monotherapy, and aimed to provide insight on how to potentially improve the management of this group of patients.Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of previously treated patients with advanced NSCLC who received nivolumab. We assessed the tumor response of each organ using the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria at the first radiologic evaluation. We investigated treatment outcome and compared overall survival using the Kaplan-Meier Method and log-rank tests. Further, we conducted the same analysis in patients who had previously received chemotherapy or tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy in our hospital.Results: Between April 2016 and September 2018, 107 patients who received nivolumab fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Of them, 5 (5%) patients showed a DR. There were no specific differences in characteristics between DR and non-DR cases. Patients showing DR had significantly longer overall survival than those showing concordant progressive disease (not reached vs. 8.0 months, p = 0.039). The frequencies of DR in the ICI, chemotherapy, and tyrosine kinase inhibitor-treated cohorts were 5%, 1%, and 4%, respectively.Conclusion: DR was uncommon, but this presented a distinctive pattern of nivolumab response. Some patients might benefit from continuing nivolumab therapy and may achieve a longer overall survival. Further research is required to elucidate the characteristics, treatment strategies, and underlying mechanisms of DR in NSCLC patients.
Exogenous HMGB1 Promotes the Proliferation and Metastasis of Pancreatic Cancer Cells
Authors: Zhu Li , Qiu Wenli , Song Lian , You Tao , Ren Shuai , Wang Dongqing , Wang Zhongqiu
Published: October 2020

Backgroud: Exogenous HMGB1 play a vital role in tumor recurrence，which reside in the tumor microenvironment. However, the mechanism of action is still unknow. We studied the proliferation and metastasis effect of exogenous HMGB1 on human SW1990 and Panc-1 cells after radiotherapy and explored the possible molecular mechanism.Materials and Methods: Residual Panc-1 cells and SW1990 cells were isolated after radiotherapy. The supernatant after radiotherapy was collected. The relative expression of HMGB1 was evaluated by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The images of normal pancreatic cancer cells and residual pancreatic cancer cells were collected by Electron microscope (EMS). The proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells which were treated with difference groups was measured by Carboxy fluorescein succinimidylester (CFSE). The migration rates were measured by wound healing assays. The expression of related proteins were detected by Western Blot. In vivo, the subcutaneous pancreatic tumor models of nude mice were created and therapeutic capabilities were tested.Results: HMGB1 was found in the supernatant of pancreatic cancer cells after radiotherapy. The results of CFSE showed that exogenous HMGB1 could promote the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells. Meanwhile, HMGB1 also could promote the metastasis of PC cells. By western blot, HMGB1 could upregulation of p-GSK 3β, N-CA, Bcl-2, and Ki67 and down-regulation of E-CA. In vivo, EP (HMGB1 inhibitor) could inhibit the growth of tumors and HMGB1 could promote the proliferation of tumors post-radiotherapy.Conclusion: Radiotherapy could induce HMGB1 released into extracellular. Exogenous HMGB1 could promote the proliferation and metastasis of Panc-1 cells and SW1990 cells by upregulating p-GSK 3β expression which might depend on Wnt pathway.
EphA2-mediatedM1-like polarization of microglia attenuatesglioblastoma metastasis
Authors: Liao Xiang , Fang Ru , Tian Ying , Chen Chen , Wu Zhijun , Sun Jing , Li Jianrui , Liu Xiaoxue , Li Ming , Lu Guangming
Published: October 2020

BackgroundEphA2 is upregulated in GBM tumor tissue specimens and established cancer cell lines and thought to be an attractive therapeutic target in cancer. We aim to define the role of EphA2 in polarization of microglia.MethodsQuantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunofluorescence staining, and viral transfection-based knockdown and overexpression assays to assess the effect of EphA2 on microglia polarization. iTRAQ-LC-MS/MS and western blot were conducted to detect EphA2 and PI3K-Akt signaling activity. Using the Millicell system as an in vitro co-culture model, we performed transwell and western blot assays investigate the role of EphA2-mediated M1-like of microglia on GBM cells invasion and migration in vitro and in vivo. ResultsIn overexpressing and silencing experiments, we demonstrated that EphA2 contributed to the M1-like polarization of microglia. Mechanistically, PI3K-AKT signaling was the downstream of EphA2 and supported the process of EphA2 mediated the M1-like polarization of microglia. Finally, EphA2 mediated the M1-like polarization of microglia attenuated the migration and invasion ability of GBM cells in vitro and in vivo.ConclusionsOur study indicates that, distinct from its role on cancer cells, EphA2 promoted the M1-like polarization of microglia and further attenuated the metastasis of GBM.Our results provide a new information on rationale for targeting EphA2 to improve treatment outcomes in GBM patients.
Novel Signature Genes for Human Left Ventricle Cardiomyopathies Identified by Weighted Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA)
Authors: Tian Jiao , Wu Zhengyuan , Zhang Yaqi , He Yingying , LIU SHUBAI
Published: October 2020

BackgroundCardiomyopathy, a heart disease that arises from different etiologies, brings a huge healthcare burden to the global society. Identification of biomarkers can be very useful for early diagnosis of cardiomyopathy, interruption of the disease procession to heart failure, and decrement of the mortality. MethodsClinical cases of cardiomyopathy were screened out of independently investigations from the genomic database. Exploration of its whole transcription disorder pattern by WGCNA (Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis) to discover the signature genes for different subtypes of cardiomyopathy. The hub genes and key pathways, which are correlated to cardiomyopathy traits, were identified through co-expression and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks enrichment analysis. Discovered hub genes were blast through the Cardiovascular Disease Portal to verify functions related to human cardiomyopathies.ResultsThree common axes of signature genes were discovered for five subtypes of cardiomyopathy: 1) Four genes (MDM4, CFLAR, RPS6KB1, PKD1L2) were common for ischemic and ischemic cardiomyopathy subgroups; 2) Subtypes of cardiomyopathy (ischemic, post. partum, familiar and idiopathic) shared eight genes (MAPK1, MAPK11, MAPK14, LMNA, RAC1, PECAM1, XIAP, CREB1); 3) TFAM and RHEB were the common signature genes for subtypes of cardiomyopathy (viral, post. partum, familiar, and idiopathic). Major pathways enriched were including MAPK signaling pathway, the pathway of protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, and pathway of regulatory actin cytoskeleton. Aberrant in these pathways caused disorders metabolic process and cellular malfunctions that generally contributes to cardiac dysregulation and functional relapse into cardiomyopathies.ConclusionThis study identified the key signaling pathways, functions and biological process related to cardiomyopathies and will give a light to better understand the molecular mechanism of processes of cardiomyopathies and figure out the rational clinical interference way to cure the patients. Therein, these novel signature genes may work as potential promising biomarkers for cardiomyopathy diagnosis, and will benefit for the better clinical diagnostics and outcome for patients with cardiomyopathies.
Acute Retinal Necrosis Caused by Co-infection of Herpes Simplex Virus and Varicella-Zoster Virus: Case Report
Authors: Cheraqpour Kasra , Ahmadraji Aliasghar , Rashidinia Ali , Irannejad Maziyar
Published: October 2020

Background: Acute retinal necrosis is considered as a rare infectious uveitis. This condition is usually caused by Varicella-zoster virus or Herpes simplex virus. At the time being, acute retinal necrosis caused by co-infection of multiple viruses is sorely rare report. Herein, we report an immunocompetent patient who developed ARN with co-infection of Herpes Simplex Virus (type I and II) and Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV).Findings: An adult immunocompetent man presented with complain of decreased vision of the right eye from 12 days before. Examination of the right eye revealed severe conjunctival injection, fine diffuse keratic precipitates, 3+ anterior chamber and vitreous cells, slightly elevated intraocular pressure (26), blurred optic disk with hemorrhagic patches, and occlusive vasculitis plus confluent necrotizing patches on the peripheral retina compatible with diagnosis of acute retinal necrosis. The patient has been admitted and underwent for sampling from intra-ocular fluids which showed presence of HSV I & II and VZV on real-Time PCR of vitreous specimens confirmed by rechecking. We used of intravenous acyclovir followed by oral acyclovir and oral prednisolone to control the disease which was successful. Conclusions: Although rare, we speculate multi viral infection may be considered in the physiopathology of acute retinal necrosis.
Rapid and automated leaf net photosynthetic rate determination for numerous phosphor-converted white-LED lights of different spectral distributions
Authors: Chen Yuanhao , Matsuda Ryo , Fujiwara Kazuhiro
Published: October 2020

BackgroundPhosphor-converted white LEDs (PCW-LEDs) of numerous types with different relative spectral photon-flux-density distributions (SPDs) are commercially available today. Some are regarded as promising light sources for plant factories with artificial lighting. Therefore, some methods must be developed for rapidly selecting appropriate ones from numerous types of PCW-LEDs with relevant evaluation criteria. For rapid determination of leaf net photosynthetic rates (Pn) under dozens of PCW-LED lights with different SPDs, we have developed a rapid and mostly automated Pn-quantification method.ResultsThe method uses a modified LED-artificial sunlight source system (LASS system) and a Pn-measurement system. The modified LASS system includes LEDs of 30 types with different relative SPDs: monochromatic LEDs of 27 types (426–826 nm peak wavelengths) and PCW-LEDs of three types. The system combines the LED lights to produce light with an SPD, which can accurately approximate that of any PCW-LED light at a photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 150 μmol m−2 s−1. The Pn-quantification method includes two steps: Step 1 – producing the selected PCW-LED lights; Step 2 – using the modified LASS system to supply all the produced lights automatically and successively to an identical leaf and simultaneously measuring Pn using a Pn-measurement system. We produced PCW-LED lights of 30 types at a PPFD of 150 μmol m−2 s−1 within 2.5 h. Then we individually measured the Pn of cos lettuce, red-leaf lettuce, and green-leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) plants under all produced lights in 16 h per cultivar per repetition. Results show that the mean Pn values of the cos lettuce, red-leaf lettuce, and green-leaf lettuce under the 30 produced lights were, respectively, 7.11–8.02, 5.76–7.11, and 4.83–6.17 μmol m−2 s−1 at 20 days after sowing.ConclusionsA rapid and greatly automated method was developed for successive measurement of Pn under dozens of combined lights, of which each SPD approximated that of the selected PCW-LED lights, within days, which indicates that the method can determine the Pn quickly under numerous PCW-LED lights. Consequently, it contributes to the rapid selection of PCW-LED lights performing high Pn.
A Method for Wheat Head Detection Based on Yolov4
Authors: Gong Bo , Ergu Daji , Cai Ying , Ma Bo
Published: October 2020

Background: Plant phenotyping by deep learning has increased attention. The detection of wheat head in the field is an important mission for estimating the characteristics of wheat heads such as the density, health, maturity, and presence or absence of awns. Traditional wheat head detection methods have problems such as low efficiency, strong subjectivity, and poor accuracy. However, with the development of deep learning theory and the iteration of computer hardware, the accuracy of object detection method using deep neural networks has been greatly improved. Therefore, using a deep neural network method to detect wheat heads in images has a certain value. Results: In this paper, a method of wheat head detection based on deep neural network is proposed. Firstly, for improving the backbone network part, two SPP networks are introduced to enhance the ability of feature learning and increase the receptive field of the convolutional network. Secondly, the top-down and bottom-up feature fusion strategies are applied to obtain multi-level features. Finally, we use Yolov3's head structures to predict the bounding box of object. The results show that our proposed detection method for wheat head has higher accuracy and speed. The mean average precision of our method is 94.5%, and the detection speed of our proposed method is 88fps. Conclusion: The proposed deep neural network can accurately and quickly detector the wheat head in the image which is based on Yolov4. In addition, the training dataset is a wheat head dataset with accurate annotations and rich varieties, which makes the proposed method more robust and has a wide range of application values. The proposed detector is also more suitable for wheat detection task, with the deeper backbone networks. The use of spatial pyramid pooling (SPP) and multi-level features fusion, which all play a crucial role in improving detector performance. Our method provides beneficial help for the breeding of wheat
Treatment of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer with AiDi Injection Based on Network Pharmacology
Authors: Qiu Suishan , Xue Lianfang , Liu Hui , Zhong Huiting , Li Leping
Published: October 2020

Background: This study aimed to determine the bioactive compounds, core genes, and pharmacological mechanisms underlying the effects of Aidi injection (ADI) in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and to provide a further research directions. Material and Methods: The bioactive compounds of ADI were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and the Traditional Chinese Medicines Integrated Database, while targets related to these bioactive compounds and NSCLC were obtained from the GEO database. Cytoscape software was used to construct ingredients–protein-targets–pathway networks. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses and network analysis were performed to investigate potential mechanisms underlying the effects of ADI on NSCLC.Results: This study screened 45 bioactive compounds and 38 major proteins of ADI as potential agents that can act against NSCLC. The results revealed the following potential therapeutic targets of ADI in the treatment of NSCLC: FOS, VEGFA, EGFR, JUN, MMP9, IL2, STAT1, CASP1, NFKBA, and CDK2. The potential mechanisms via which ADI acts against NSCLC are closely related to the inhibition of apoptosis and the activation of signaling pathways. Conclusion: This study has revealed the multicompound, multitarget, and multichannel characteristics of ADI. This provides novel insight into further research investigations of the mechanism of ADI in NSCLC treatment.
Predicting mortality in patients with sepsis in the emergency department by using combinations of biomarkers and clinical scoring systems: a systematic review.
Authors: Tong-Minh Kirby , Welten Iris , Endeman Henrik , Hagenaars Tjebbe , Ramakers Christian , Gommers Diederik , Gorp Eric van , Does Yuri van der
Published: October 2020

Introduction Sepsis can be detected in an early stage in the emergency department (ED) by biomarkers and clinical scoring systems. A combination of multiple biomarkers or biomarker with clinical scoring system might result in a higher predictive value on mortality. The goal of this systematic review is to evaluate the available literature on combinations of biomarkers and clinical scoring systems on 1-month mortality in patients with sepsis in the ED.Methods We performed a systematic search using MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE and Google Scholar. Articles were included if they evaluated at least one biomarker combined with another biomarker or clinical scoring system and reported the diagnostic accuracy on 28 or 30 day mortality by area under the curve (AUC) in patients with sepsis. Results We found 18 articles in this systematic review. In these 18 articles, a total of 35 combinations of biomarkers and clinical scoring systems were studied of which 33 unique combinations. In total, seven different clinical scoring systems and 21 different biomarkers were investigated. The combination of procalcitonin (PCT), lactate, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Simplified Acute Physiology Score-2 (SAPS-2) resulted in the highest AUC on 1-month mortality. Conclusion In this systematic review, the combination of PCT, IL-6, lactate and the SAPS-2 score had the highest AUC on 1-month mortality in patients with sepsis in the ED. The studies we found in this review were too heterogeneous to conclude that a certain combination it should be used in the ED to predict 1-month mortality in patients with sepsis.
Orally delivered MK-4482 inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication in the Syrian hamster model
Authors: Rosenke Kyle , Hansen Frederick , Schwarz Benjamin , Feldmann Friederike , Haddock Elaine , Rosenke Rebecca , Meade-White Kimberly , Okumura Atsushi , Leventhal Shanna , Hawman David , Ricotta Emily , Bosio Catharine , Saturday Greg , Feldmann Heinz , Jarvis Michael
Published: October 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic progresses unabated in many regions of the world. An effective antiviral against SARS-CoV-2 that could be administered orally for use following high-risk exposure would be of substantial benefit in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. Herein, we show that MK-4482, an orally administered nucleoside analog, inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication in the Syrian hamster model. The inhibitory effect of MK-4482 on SARS-CoV-2 replication was observed in animals when the drug was administered either beginning 12 hours before or 12 hours following infection in a high-risk exposure model. These data support the potential utility of MK-4482 to control SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans following high-risk exposure as well as for treatment of COVID-19 patients.
Microstructure and properties of nano-laminated Y3Si2C2 ceramics fabricated via in situ reaction by spark plasma sintering
Authors: Shi Lin-Kun , Zhou Xiaobing , Dai Jian-Qing , Chen Ke , Huang Zhengren , Huang Qing
Published: October 2020

A new nano-laminated Y3Si2C2 ceramic material, for the first time, was successfully synthesized via in situ reaction between YH2 and SiC by spark plasma sintering. A MAX phase-like ternary layered structure of Y3Si2C2 was observed at the atomic-scale by high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The lattice parameters calculated from both X-ray diffraction and selected area electron diffraction patterns are in good agreement with the reported theoretical results. The nano-laminated fracture of kink boundaries, delamination, and slipping was observed at the tip of the Vickers indent. The values of elastic modulus and Vickers hardness of the Y3Si2C2 ceramics sintered at 1500 °C were 156 and 6.4 GPa, respectively. The corresponding values of thermal and electrical conductivity were 13.7 W m-1 k-1 and 6.3 × 105 S m-1, respectively.
A Dissemination Strategy to Promote Relational Coordination in the Veterans Health Administration: A Case Study
Authors: Connelly Brigid , Battaglia Catherine , Gilmartin Heather M.
Published: October 2020

BackgroundImplementing new healthcare practices across large organizations can be difficult due to inefficient diffusion of information. Using social marketing theory and additional evidence-based dissemination strategies, we spread relational coordination, an empirically supported theory of organizational performance, throughout the large Veterans Health Administration (VA). Relational Coordination drives performance outcomes including quality, efficiency, client satisfaction, and worker well-being and engagement and proposes interdependent work is most effectively coordinated by workers with each other, their customers, and their leaders. We aimed to develop a best-practice dissemination plan to educate and motivate researchers and operational staff in the VA to study and implement relational coordination within their programs of research or areas of operation.MethodsIn this observational case study, we followed the four Ps of social marketing theory to develop a strategy to disseminate relational coordination across the VA in two phases. In phase one, we created and distributed relational coordination information and invited VA staff to join the Relational Coordination Research Collaborative. In phase two dissemination efforts targeted researchers who were ready to study and implement relational coordination within existing programs of research. Primarily observational data were collected through both stages of the project and a final, post-project survey was administered after the second phase. The quantitative results were calculated using descriptive statistics and text responses in the survey were analyzed using deductive content analysis. A structured categorization matrix was developed to code the responses based on the survey questions. ResultsThe first phase saw instances of social media dissemination, presentations, as well as phone or email communication between project staff and the target audience. 47 members of VA staff joined the Relational Coordination Research Collaborative and 50% participated in online research seminars. 13 research projects applied for the second stage and 5 projects were ultimately chosen to access the Relational Coordination survey. Relational coordination-related trainings, presentations, and publications also occurred.ConclusionsDissemination approaches that involved personalized, one-on-one efforts seemed to be more effective at spreading relational coordination compared to social media or other online presentations. Participants in the second phase overwhelmingly agreed to that relational coordination should be adopted in the VA but indicated the cost of the program would have been a barrier. Results reiterate the importance of an intentional dissemination plan, including addressing the costs and benefits of programs
Radiographic Analysis in Reduction Loss After Distal Radius Fracture Fixation with Variable Angle Volar Locking Plate
Authors: Fang Pin-Chieh , Lo Tak-Yu-Yubie , Cheng Chun-Ying , Chou Ying-Chao , Chen Alvin Chao-Yu
Published: October 2020

Background Reduction loss is commonly seen even in the newly designed locking plate fixation for distal radius fractures. Our study purpose is to investigate the efficacy of the variable angle volar locking plate (VAVLP) in maintenance of fracture fixation. Methods A total of 37 patients of unilateral distal radius fractures receiving VAVLP fixation were enrolled. Forearm radiographs immediately after surgery and those at 3 months were retrospectively reviewed by orthopedist, radiologist and medical students for analysis of radiographic parameter including radial height (RH), ulnar variance (UV), radial inclination (RI), volar tilt (VT), tear drop angle (TDA), distal dorsal cortical distance (DDD) and Soong classification (SC). Results By comparing the 3-month measurement and normal data, the difference of RH / UV / TDA was significant (p-value of 0.000) while the difference of RI / VT was insignificant. However, there was no significant difference regarding those five parameters between postoperative and 3-month measurement. Linear regression on DDD exhibited positive dependence with p-value of 0.002 between postoperative and 3-month changes; predictability after modification was 21.3%. Postoperative SC was grade 0 in 13 patients, grade 1 in 21, and grade 2, in 3. There were 7 of Gr 0 and 2 of Gr 1 became one grade up.Conclusion VAVLP fixation in distal radius fracture can maintain radiographic alignment without significant reduction loss for at least 3 months. Realignment within normal range was in RI and VT, but not in RH / UV / TDA.
Percutaneous Repair Method and Achilles Tendon Rupture Rehabilitation
Authors: Ficek Krzysztof , Gwiazdoń Paweł , Rajca Jolanta , Hajduk Grzegorz
Published: October 2020

Background: Subcutaneous, spontaneous, complete ruptures of the Achilles tendon are usually caused indirectly by trauma associated with rapid movement. When minimally invasive Achilles tendon repair is performed, an active rehabilitation protocol can be implemented that allows for fast, measurable progress, reduced tissue atrophy, and an improved range of motion, thereby reducing pain and increasing patients’ overall physical well-being. However, overestimating the effectiveness of rehabilitative interventions can lead to arbitrary advancements in rehabilitation that significantly exceed the permitted levels of daily or professional activity. This issue can lead to various side effects and slow rehabilitation. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of adverse effects on objective outcomes after minimally invasive Achilles tendon repair.Methods: The study included 36 individuals with complete Achilles tendon rupture who underwent the percutaneous Ma-Griffith technique. The same rehabilitation protocol was used.Results: Five side effects were identified during rehabilitation: deformation of the repair construct (DRC), irritation of the sural nerve (SNI), morning ankle stiffness (MAS), edema of the soft tissue around the tendon (OST) and suture knots. DRC and MAS were associated with a longer time being required to achieve full ankle range of motion. SNI and OST were associated with a longer time being required to meet the criteria for dynamic training. None of the side effects were related to the isokinetic strength of the ankle plantar and dorsiflexors.Conclusions: The incidence of the assessed side effects in the postoperative period is not related to the type of activity, whether it is professional or amateur. Among the identified side effects, deformation of the regenerated shape of the heel tendon and MAS cause a delay in the recovery of full ankle range of motion. Calf nerve irritation and soft tissue swelling increase the time it takes to meet the criteria for starting dynamic training.Trial registration:The study was approved by the ethics committee of the Academy of Physical Education in Katowice (no. 13/2007)
“We Need to Be Told What to Do and What to Eat”: A Qualitative Study Exploring Perioperative Patient Desires, Suggestions and Reflections on Using Digital Health Technology Before and After Bariatric Surgery. 
Authors: Robinson Anna , Husband Andy K , Slight Robert D , Slight Sarah P
Published: October 2020

BackgroundA patient’s capability, motivation, and opportunity to change their lifestyle are significant determinants of successful outcomes following bariatric surgery. Healthier lifestyle changes before and after surgery, including improved dietary intake and physical activity levels, have been shown to contribute to greater post-surgical weight loss and improved long-term health. Integrating patient-centred digital technologies within the bariatric surgical pathway could form part of an innovative strategy to promote and sustain healthier behaviours and provide holistic patient support, to improve surgical success. This study explores the desires, suggestions, and reflections of perioperative patients in the context of integrating digital technologies within the surgical pathway. MethodsPatients attending bariatric surgery clinics within one hospital in the North of England were invited to take part in the study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with pre- and post-operative patients to discuss lifestyle behaviour change and perspectives of using digital technologies to complement current care. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis enabled the development of themes from the data. Ethical approval was obtained from the NHS Health Research Authority.ResultsEighteen patients were interviewed. Four overarching themes were identified relating to patient perspectives of optimised technology functionality to: 1) provide tailored content and support, 2) facilitate self-monitoring and goal-setting, 3) deliver information in an accessible, trusted, and usable manner, and 4) meet patient information-seeking and engagement needs. ConclusionsWe make recommendations to address the unmet needs of this patient cohort. These findings have the potential to influence the design of person-centred, perioperative technologies.
Barriers and Facilitators of Following Perioperative Internal Medicine Recommendations by Surgical Teams: A Sequential, Explanatory Mixed-methods Study
Authors: Flemons Kristin , Bosch Michael , Coakeley Sarah , Muzammal Bushra , Kachra Rahim , Ruzycki Shannon M.
Published: October 2020

Background: Preoperative medical consultations add expense and burden for patients and the impact of these consults on patient outcomes is conflicting. Previous work suggests that 10-40% of preoperative medical consult recommendations are not followed. This limits measurement of the effect of perioperative medical consultation on patient outcomes and represents a quality gap, given the patient time and healthcare cost associated with consultation. We aimed to measure, characterize, and understand reasons for missed recommendations from preoperative medical consultation.Methods: This explanatory, sequential mixed methods study used chart audits followed by semi-structured interviews. Chart audit of consecutive patients seen in preoperative medical clinic were reviewed to measure the proportion and characterize the type of recommendations that were not completed (‘missed’). This phase informed the interview participants and questions. The interview guide was developed using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research and the Theoretical Domains Framework. Template analysis was used to understand drivers and barriers of missed recommendationsResults: Chart audit included 295 patients (n=188, 63.7% female) seen in preadmission clinic between April 1 and April 30th, 2019. 51.8% of patients all recommendations followed (n=142). Postoperative anticoagulation management and postoperative cardiac biomarker surveillance recommendations were least commonly followed (45.2%; n=28, and 64.1%; n=84, respectively). Eighteen surgical team members were interviewed. Missed recommendations were both unintentional and intentional, and the key drivers differed by these categories. Unintentionally missed recommendations occurred due to individual-level factors (drivers: knowledge of the consultation note, lack of routine for reviewing the consultation note, and competing demands on time) and systems-level factors (drivers: lack of role clarity). Intentionally missed recommendations occurred due to user error due (drivers: lack of knowledge of guidelines or evidence) and appropriate modifications (drivers: need to adapt a preoperative plan for a complicated postoperative course).Conclusions: Only 51.8% of consult notes had all recommendations followed, suggesting a quality gap in perioperative medical care. Qualitative data suggests multiple drivers of missed recommendations that should be targeted to improve the efficiency of care for these patients.
Dengue Outbreak Prediction Based on Artificial Neural Networking Model Using Climatic Parameters
Authors: Ghosh Biplab , Soni Monika
Published: October 2020

Background: Dengue fever is a vector-borne tropical disease radically amplified by 30 times in occurrence between 1960 and 2010. The upsurge is considered to be because of urbanization, population growth and climate change. Therefore, Meteorological parameters (temperature, precipitation and relative humidity) have impact on the occurrence and outbreaks of dengue fever. There are not many studies that enumerate the relationship between the dengue cases in a particular locality and the meteorological parameters. This study explores the relationship between the dengue cases and the meteorological parameters. In prevalent localities, it is essential to alleviate the outbreaks using modelling techniques for better disease control.Methods: An artificial neural network (ANN) model was developed for predicting the number of dengue cases by knowing the meteorological parameters. The model was trained with 7 years of dengue fever data of Kamrup and Lakhimpur district of Assam, India. The practicality of the model was corroborated using independent data set with satisfactory outcomes. Findings: It was apparent from the sensitivity analysis that precipitation is more sensitive to the number of dengue cases than other meteorological parameters. Conclusion: This model would assist dengue fever alleviation and control in the long run.
Predictive Value of Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Treated Breast Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of 8052 Patients
Authors: Li Shiqi , Zhang Ying , Wang Shujun , Yang Rui
Published: October 2020

Background: We conducted a meta-analysis to determine the prognostic value of Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) for patients with breast cancer on Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy, to explore the prognostic value of different TILs threshold in terms of pathological complete response (PCR).Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science electronic databases was conducted to identify eligible articles published before September 2020. Data from studies were analyzed by using Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 15.0Results: A total of 22 published studies (including 8 052 patients) were eligible. Patients with high TILs level showed a higher rate of PCR to treatment (OR=3.182, 95 %CI, 2.549-3.973) compared to breast cancer patients with low TILs level. Although the association of TILs with response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy was similar across most breast cancer subtypes, there were a few differences ER negative or ER positive breast cancer. In studies (Type of breast cancer not clearly classified in the literature) where the cut-off value for TILs was ≥10 %, higher levels of total TILs predicted a higher PCR rate of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy. However, for HER2-positive breast cancer patients, when a cut-off valve of TILs ≥ 30 % was used, the OR was 2.631 (95 % CI, 1.739-3.982, P = 0.000). TILs also were related to better DFS (HR=0.95, 95 %CI, 0.92-0.98, P=0.000) and overall survival (OS) (HR=0.90, 95 %CI, 0.85-0.95, P<0.0001) after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.Conclusions: TILs can be used as predictors of patients with breast cancer on Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy. TILs threshold with the greatest prognostic significance of PCR is as yet unknown, but a TILs threshold of at least 30 % is associated with the most powerful outcome prognostication of PCR.
Biomechanical evaluation of the primary stability of three different types of femoral stem fixations for canine total hip replacement
Authors: Saban Charles , Viguier Eric , Taroni Mathieu , Baldinger Arnaud , Blondel Margaux , Massenzio Michel , Carozzo Claude , Moissonnier Pierre , Cachon Thibaut
Published: October 2020

Background: Total hip arthroplasty is the main salvage procedure performed for hip osteoarthritis in dogs. Two main types of femoral stems are available: cemented stems, which offer excellent primary stability but are subject to aseptic loosening in the long term, and cementless stems, which have good long-term outcomes but lack primary stability. The adjunction of a neutral rod through the neck of the cementless stem to the lateral cortex of the femur could offer better primary stability before osteointegration. The aim of this study was to compare the primary stability of three different femoral stems, cemented (cFS), press-fit cementless (pfFS), and rod-press-fit cementless stems (r-pfFS), by measuring their transverse displacement on cyclic assays and resistance to subsidence with unidirectional load compression parallel to the longitudinal axis of the femur.Results: The force-displacement and stress-strain curves were assessed. The work necessary for subsidence, strain to failure, and mean strain of the cyclic assays were calculated. No significant differences were observed in transverse displacement (p=0.263) or mean strain (p=0.244) during the cyclic tests or in work necessary for subsidence (p=0.079) or strain to failure (p=0.075). The cFS and r-pfFS were significantly more resistant to subsidence than was the pfFS (p<0,05). No significant differences were observed between the cFS and r-pfFS groups (p=0.48).Conclusions: Cementless femoral stems with transfixing rods offer significantly higher stability to compressive load parallel to the longitudinal axis of the femur than do standard cementless stems and a level of stability comparable to that of cemented stems. r-pfFSs may be valuable in limiting the subsidence and micro-motion of press-fit femoral stems and thus improving the state of osteointegration of the prosthesis during the short-term postoperative period.
Evaluation of the role of sex as a prognostic factor in critically ill adults with sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Antequera Alba , López-Alcalde Jesús , Stallings Elena , Muriel Alfonso , Fernández-Félix Borja Manuel , Campo Rosa del , Ponce-Alonso Manuel , Fidalgo Pilar , Halperin Ana Verónica , Madrid-Pascual Olaya , Álvarez-Díaz Noelia , Solà Ivan , Gordo Federico , Urrútia Gerard , Zamora Javier
Published: October 2020

Background: Incidence and sepsis-related mortality are failing, but sepsis continues to be a leading cause of admission and death in intensive care units (ICUs). Although the preceding evidence suggests sex-related risk differences for developing sepsis, the influence of sex on mortality outcomes remains unclear as previous studies showed discordant results. This systematic review assesed the independent effect of sex for mortality among critically ill patients with sepsis.Methods: Electronic databases were searched up to 17th July 2020 for studies that examined independent associations between sex and mortality outcomes in critically ill adults with sepsis while controlling for covariates. Primary meta-analyses were performed by pooling adjusted estimates for a pre-specified core set of adjustment factors. The primary outcomes included all-cause hospital mortality and 28-day all-cause hospital mortality. The secondary outcomes included 7-day all-cause hospital mortality, 1-year all-cause mortality, and all-cause ICU mortality.Results: Among the 14304 records identified, 12 studies (71850 participants) were included. Meta-analysis showed inconclusive results on sex-based differences in hospital mortality (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.55 to 1.64; very low-certainty evidence) and ICU mortality (OR 1.19, 95% CI 0.79 to 1.78; very low-certainty evidence). Meta-analysis found higher 28-day hospital mortality in the female group (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.32; very low-certainty evidence). No studies reported on 7-day hospital mortality. A single study provided adjusted estimates on 1-year mortality reporting lower risk in the female group (OR 0.83 95% CI 0.68 to 0.98; low-certainty of evidence). The main reasons for assessing the certainty of evidence as very low were inconsistency and imprecision while downgrading to low-certainty was risk of bias and imprecision.Conclusions: The prognostic independent effect of sex on hospital mortality, 28-day hospital mortality, and ICU mortality for critically ill adults with sepsis is uncertain. Female sex may be associated with decreased 1-year mortality. No included studies reported on 7-day all-cause hospital mortality.
A Mixed Methods Evaluation of The Paediatric Musculoskeletal Matters (PMM) Online Portfolio
Authors: Smith Nicola , Foster Helen E , Jandial Sharmila
Published: October 2020

Background Electronic resources (e-resources) have considerable potential to reach users around the world to promote awareness and knowledge about musculoskeletal conditions. The ‘PMM portfolio’ targets non-specialists in musculoskeletal medicine and comprises the Paediatric Musculoskeletal Matters (PMM) website, the paediatric Gait, Arms, Legs and Spine (pGALS) app and e-learning modules (ELM). Our aim was to evaluate the ‘PMM portfolio’ to gain insights about it’s impact on learning and clinical practice. Methods Mixed methods (e-resource analytics, online survey, interviews) with PMM and ELM registered users in addition to purposive sampling of users using UK and international contacts within paediatrics and paediatric rheumatology. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics and free-text comments using qualitative techniques. A Paired T-Test compared self-rated confidence before and after use of the e-resources. Results There has been wide international reach for all e-resources PMM website (662,827 hits, 262,476 users, 214 countries, data 31st July 2020), pGALS app (12,670 downloads, 70 countries, data 31st July 2020); ELM (150 users, 30 countries, data 30th May 2019). There were 164 responses to the survey from 25 countries from a range of students, trainees and health care professionals. Most deemed the ‘PMM portfolio’ to be ‘useful or very useful’ for their learning (or when used to teach others) and reported significantly increased self-rated confidence in their clinical examination and reasoning skills following access to the e-resources (PMM website, p=<0.01; pGALS app, p=<0.01; ELM, p=<0.01). Easy, open access, clinical images, videos and cases were deemed the most valued features of the e-resources. The most popular PMM website pages related to clinical assessment. There was high uptake of the pGALS app and pGALS’ ELM especially from trainees and allied health professionals. Conclusions The ‘PMM portfolio’ has wide reach amongst a spectrum of our target users to raise awareness and improve knowledge and skills. Ongoing engagement with users will facilitate further iterations of the ‘PMM portfolio’ to remain relevant for the global context. PMM as a model of e-learning has increasing applicability with the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic and is an important way to expand global paediatric rheumatology.