bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological and Clinical Features of COVID-19 Patients at National Emergency Hospital Wisma Atlet Kemayoran, Jakarta,Indonesia
Authors: Susanto Agus Dwi , Rozaliyani Anna , Prasetyo Budi , Agustin Heidy , Baskoro Hario , Arifin Arief Riadi , Pratama Satria , Zaini Jamal , Hasto Bambang Dwi , Ratmono Tugas , Savitri Ary Indriana , Samoedro Erlang , Husain Bahtiar , Nawas Arifin , Burhan Erlina
Published: November 2021

The emergency hospital is intended to prevent transmission of COVID-19 in the community by isolating patients without symptoms, with mild or moderate symptoms. This study evaluated the clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients who were admitted to this facility. This retrospective study reviewed data of patients treated at the National Emergency Hospital Wisma Atlet Kemayoran in Jakarta, Indonesia, from March 23 to April 30, 2020. Patient characteristics (clinical symptoms, laboratory test results, Chest X-Ray, SARS-CoV-2 immunoserology, and RT-PCR results from nasopharyngeal/ oropharyngeal preparations) were compared between severity groups. There were 413 COVID-19 cases analyzed, of which 190 (46%) were asymptomatic, 93 (22.5%) were mild, and 130 (31.5%) were moderate cases. Most asymptomatic cases were male, with young age, and without comorbidity. Mild cases were dominated by female and young patients, while most moderate cases were male and older patients. The number of patients with comorbidities was higher in mild and moderate cases. The patient’s overall outcome was good and did not differ based on the severity of symptoms. Despite the many challenges, patients with moderate symptoms can be safely treated in the emergency hospital.
Strategy for Diagnosing Breast Cancer in Indonesia during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Switching to Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Core Needle Biopsy
Authors: Sobri Farida Briani , Bachtiar Adang , Panigoro Sonar Soni , Rahmaania Juwita Cresti , Yuswar Patria Wardana , Krisnuhoni Ening , Tandiari Nelly
Published: November 2021

In this era of COVID-19, suspected breast cancer patients experience delay in diagnosis due to the fear of contracting the virus and reduction of non-COVID-19 health services. Furthermore, it may lead to potential increase in the incidence of advanced cancers in the future. Ultrasound-guided (US-guided) percutaneous core needle biopsy (CNB) is a great option for the diagnosis of cancer but it is poorly utilized. This study aimed to prove that the US-guided CNBis accurate when performed in a local setting and a potential solution for diagnosing breast cancer patients in this pandemic. In addition, it was a single health center cross-sectional study, and the participants were all breast cancer patients that had US-guided CNB from 2013-2019. The pathology results from US-guided CNB were compared to specimens from post-CNB surgeries. The data were collected from medical records and the immunohistochemistry (IHC) examinations were carried out for malignancy. There were 163 patients who were included in this study, 86 had malignancies and 77 had benign tumor reported in their CNB results. The US-guided CNB had 100% sensitivity and specificity compared to surgery. With its lower cost, time usage, and patient exposure to the hospital environment, US-guided CNB should replace open surgery biopsy for diagnosing suspicious breast cancers during the pandemic in Indonesia.
The COVID-19 Pandemic: Role of Coping Humor and Internal Health Locus of Control on Social Dysfunction and Anxiety & Depression
Authors: Sumantri Muhammad Arief , Zahrani Zahrani , Ainiyah Hilda Rosa , Idham Azmul Fuady
Published: November 2021

The concerns about the impact of social distancing on mental health have been widely discussed. This study aimed to know the predictive effect of coping humor and Internal Health Locus of Control (Internal HLoC) on social dysfunction and anxiety & depression during the implementation of the COVID-19 social distancing agenda. This study was also intended to assess the effect of humor content on coping humor. A quantitative approach was used as the method ofthe study with 243 online-recruited participants, and  PLS-SEM analysis was applied to find out the predictive effect in this study. The results and conclusions showed that anxiety & depression predict social dysfunction (β = 0.584, t-value = 11.93, f2 = 0.563). It was found that coping humor was able to directly increase the Internal HLoC (β = 0.187, t-value = 2.60, f2 = 0.036) and indirectly decrease social dysfunction (β = -0.144, t-value = 2.85) and anxiety & depression (β = -0.070, t-value = 2.42). Humor content unrelated to the issue of COVID-19 directly increase the coping-humor level (β = 0.266, t-value = 4.13,f2= 0.076), and indirectly increase Internal HLoC (β = 0.050, t-value = 2.07), and decrease anxiety & depression level (β = -0.046, t-value = 2.20). On the other hand, Internal HLoC directly decrease levels of social dysfunction (β = -0.233, t-value = 4.126, f2 = 0.089) and anxiety & depression (β = -0.373, t-value= 7.84, f2 = 0.161).
Multiscale Intelligent Inversion of Water-Conducting Fractured Zone in Coal Mine Based on Elastic Modulus Calibration Rate Response and Its Application: A Case Study of Ningdong Mining Area
Authors: Xu Huicong , Lai Xingping , Zhang Shuai , Zhang Yun , Shan Pengfei , Zhang Xudong , Liu Bowei , Wan Peifeng
Published: November 2021

Water-conducting fractured zone is the direct inducement of water inrush, water losing, and environmental deterioration in coal mines. How to predict the height of water-conducting fractured zone economically and accurately has always been the research difficulty of water-preserved mining. The paper selects the Meihuajing coal mine in Ningdong mining area as the engineering background. Firstly, transform the distribution law of the water-conducting fractured zone into a deterioration mechanism of coal-rock strength under the action of water-rock. Through laboratory tests, the water-rock coupling degradation law of rock mass under uniaxial action is revealed, and an intelligent statistical model of damage rate response under different water content is proposed. Secondly, based on the cross-scale elastic modulus calibration principle and the rate response intelligent statistical model proposed above, the borehole elastic modulus instrument is used to quantitatively characterize the strength characteristics of elastic modulus rate response law and field lithological parameters. Finally, based on the 18 samples of the water-conducting fractured zone, a height prediction model of a water-conducting fractured zone based on the measured value of elastic modulus is proposed by using the method of PSO-SVR. Taking R2 and RMSE as evaluation indexes, the error comparison between PSO-SVR and the empirical formula is carried out. Research indicates that, compared with the empirical formula, R2 of the PSO-SVR model increased by 18.3% and RMSE decreased by 92.7%. The predicted value of the PSO-SVR is consistent with the measured value, which significantly improves the prediction accuracy of the height of the water-conducting fractured zone. It provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the coordinated development of safe and efficient development of coal and ecological protection in Ningdong mining area.
News Events and Their Relationship With US Vape Sales: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis
Authors: Janmohamed Kamila , Sakai Shinpei Nakamura , Soale Abdul-Nasah , Forastiere Laura , Kumar Navin
Published: November 2021

Objective News coverage around vaping-related events may have furthered misconceptions regarding the relative harms of vapes. Such information may influence the decisions of individuals who smoke, around switching to vaping, potentially affecting the overall tobacco mortality burden. Thus, it is prudent to study how news events (e.g., 2019 vaping illness epidemic) are associated with vape sales in the United States, to possibly reduce the tobacco mortality burden. Methods We used weekly retail sales data for e-cigarettes (30 December 2018 - 28 December 2019) from the US retail scanner data compiled by the Nielsen Company. We used an interrupted time series design with segmented regression analysis to determine immediate and longer-term impacts of individual news events (e.g. Trump administration's planned ban on flavored vaping products) on vape sales, controlling for pre-existing trends.Results Unexpectedly, we noted a statistically significant positive relationship between vape sales and the CDC announcing an investigation into vaping-related illnesses (Change: 6.59%, Estimate: 0.064; 95% CI: 0.036, 0.092; P<0.001). We also observed a similar positive association between vape sales and the CDC's announcement on the link between Vitamin E acetate and EVALI (Change: 2.93%, Estimate: 0.029; 95% CI: 0.003, 0.055; P<0.05). There was a steep decline in sales after these events.ConclusionsNews events are associated with US vape sales. Findings have implications for the management of risk perceptions around vaping to improve health outcomes of tobacco users. Information-based policy instruments can be applied to balance the effects of news events that may influence vape sales.
Chimeric CNS-Targeting-Peptide Engineered Exosomes for Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis Therapy
Authors: Wang Yingkai , Zhao Yunpeng , Ye Mingzhu , Wang Ling , Lan Tianshu , Wang Yue , Qi Zhongquan
Published: November 2021

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS), an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS), leads to demyelination, neuronal injury, and loss of white matter, yet still can't be cured. Exosomes are double-layered membrane vesicles of 30–200 nm in size, which can easily penetrate the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Exosomes derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells exosomes (UMSC-exos) has been shown to treat experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) through the action of anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory, but its clinical translation has been hampered by their inefficacious accumulation in CNS. Therefore, we developed a TAxI-peptide-chimeric UMSC-exos termed TAxI-exos for CNS-specific accumulation and curative effect in EAE.Methods: We used an EAE model in vivo, and actived T cells and BV-2 cells models in vitro. After two immunizations to establish the EAE model, UMSC-exos, TAxI-exos or DiR labeled exosomes were administered to EAE mice EAE mice for one dose (150μg) before the peak at day 15. On day 30, the mice were sacrificed to collect spinal cords, spleens, and blood for analysis of demyelination, inflammation, microglia, the proportions of T-cell subsets, and the expression of inflammatory cytokines. In vitro, for immune mechanism analyses, PBMCs and splenocytes isolated from healthy C57BL/6 mice, were activated and incubated with 0.15mg/mL UMSC-exos or TAxI-exos. Activated BV-2 cells were used to explore the targeting-ability and polarization-regulating ability of UMSC-exos and TAxI-exos.Results: As expected, TAxI-exos had significant curative effects in EAE mice compared with UMSC-exos via an enhanced targeting-ability. The treatment alleviated inflammation, facilitated microglial cell polarization from M1 to M2, reduced the proportions of T-cell subsets, increased the expression levels of IL-4, IL-10, TGF-β, and IDO-1, and decreased the levels of IL-2, IL-6, IL-17A, IFN-γ, and TNF-α. Conclusions: TAxI-exos have a great CNS-targeting ability and suppress pathological processes in EAE mice, which have a great potential therapeutic utility for MS and other CNS diseases.
AKR1C3 Expression in T and B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma for Clinical Use as a Biomarker
Authors: Reddi Deepti , Seaton Brandon , Woolston David , Aicher Lauri , Monroe Luke , Mao Zhengwei , Harrell Jill , Radich Jerald , Advani Anjali , Papadantonakis Nikolaos , Yeung Cecilia
Published: November 2021

Objectives: To investigate aldo–keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3) expression in T and B acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (ALL) patients.Methods: Three commercial antibodies were evaluated for AKR1C3 immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining performance: Polyclonal Thermofisher scientific (Clone#PA523667), rabbit monoclonal Abcam [EPR16726] (ab209899) and Sigma/Millipore anti-AKR1C3 antibody, mouse monoclonal, clone NP6.G6.A6, purified from hybridoma cell culture. Initial optimization was performed on cell line controls: HCT116 (negative control); genetically modified cell line HCT116 with AKR1C3 overexpression; Nalm and TF1 cell lines. Twenty normal bone marrows from archival B and T-ALL patient samples were subsequently examined. AKR1C3 expression levels in these samples were evaluated by immunohistochemistry, Protein Wes and quantitative RT-PCR.Results: Sigma/Millipore Anti-AKR1C3 antibody (mouse monoclonal, clone NP6.G6.A6) showed higher specificity compared to rabbit polyclonal antibody by immunohistochemistry. H-score was used to quantify percent of nuclear immunoreactivity for AKR1C3 with varying disease involvement. T-ALL samples had a higher H-score (172-190) compared to B-ALL cases (H-score, 30-160). The AKR1C3 expression in peripheral blood by Protein Wes and RT-qPCR showed concordance in relapsed/refractory and/or minimal residual T-ALL cases. Conclusions: Sigma/Millipore Anti-AKR1C3 antibody and mouse monoclonal, clone NP6.G6.A6 can be used to aid in AKR1C expression of T-ALL and in cases of relapsed/refractory and/or minimal residual disease.
Potassium Permanganate Dye Removal from Synthetic Wastewater Using A Novel, Low-Cost Adsorbent, Modified from The Powder of Foeniculum Vulgare Seeds
Authors: Bani-Atta Suhair
Published: November 2021

Seeds powder of Foeniculum vulgare (FVES) was used to prepare a novel adsorbent, the new adsorbent was characterized and its ability to eliminate potassium permanganate (KMnO 4 ) was examined. The impact of KMnO 4 concentration, adsorbent dose, contact temperature, contact time, and solution pH on the adsorption performance was also investigated. The experimental data of this adsorption was analyzed by different kinetic and isotherm models. As Constants of thermodynamic ΔG°, ΔH°, and ΔS° have been also evaluated. Surface area, pore volume, and pore size of the FVESP adsorbent were determined as 0.6806 m 2 .g -1 , 0.00215 cm 3 .g -1 , and 522.063 Å, as pH ZPC of Ox- FVESP was stated to be 7.2. The R 2 values obtained from applying different isotherm and kinetic models (0.999 and 0.996) showed that the adsorption performance of KMnO 4 follows the Langmuir and Pseudo 2 nd order models. Furthermore, high adsorption capacities of 1111.11, 1250.00, and 1428.57 (mg/g) were achieved at three temperatures that were used in this study. Constants of thermodynamic ΔG°, ΔH°, and ΔS° values indicate chemical and spontaneous adsorption at the adsorbent surface.
Analytical solution for low energy state estimation by quantum annealing to arbitrary Ising spin Hamiltonian
Authors: Yan Bin , Sinitsyn Nikolai
Published: November 2021

We point to the existence of an analytical solution to a general quantum annealing (QA) problem of finding low energy states of an arbitrary Ising spin Hamiltonian HI by implementing time evolution with a Hamiltonian H(t) = HI + g(t)Ht. We will assume that the nonadiabatic annealing protocol is defined by a specific decaying coupling g(t) and a specific mixing Hamiltonian Ht that make the model analytically solvable arbitrarily far from the adiabatic regime. In specific cases of HI, the solution shows the possibility of a considerable quantum speedup of finding the Ising ground state. We then compare predictions of our solution to results of numerical simulations, and argue that the solvable QA protocol produces the optimal performance in the limit of maximal complexity of the computational problem. Our solution demonstrates for the most complex spin glasses a power-law energy relaxation with the annealing time T and uncorrelated from HI annealing schedule. This proves the possibility for spin glasses of a faster than ∼ 1/logβT energy relaxation.
Missing data on ethnicity and socioeconomic status in high-impact medical journals
Authors: Buttery Sara , Philip Keir , Alghamdi Saeed , Williams Parris , Quint Jennifer , Hopkinson Nicholas
Published: November 2021

Reporting participant ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES) in clinical research is needed for interpretation and to inform discussion around health inequalities. We assessed the frequency of reporting of ethnicity (or ‘race’) and SES indicators in a sample of 100 research articles, in which participant level are reported, published in the 10 highest impact general medical journals in Spring 2021. 35 reported ethnicity and 13 SES, while 99 reported age, and 97 reported sex or gender. Among the articles not reporting ethnicity only 3(5%) highlighted this as a limitation, and only 6(7%) where SES data were missing. Median number of articles reporting ethnicity per journal was 2.5/10 (range 0-9). In conclusion, reporting of research participant ethnicity and socioeconomic status in high-impact medical journals remains poor, and this omission is rarely acknowledged as a limitation. This situation persists despite the well-established importance of this issue. Standardized explicit minimum standards are required.
Assessment of Calcium and Vitamin D Medications Adherence in Patients with Hypoparathyroidism After Thyroidectomy
Authors: Bilginer Muhammet Cuneyt , Aydin Cevdet , Polat Burcak , Faki Sevgul , Topaloglu Oya , Ersoy Reyhan , Cakir Bekir
Published: November 2021

Summary: In this study, we found that patients with hypoparathyroidism had a problem with calcium medication compliance, and this problem increased with the duration of the disease. We also showed that patients are concerned about the possible side effects of drugs.Introduction: In this study, we aimed to evaluate adherence to avtive vitamin D and calcium replacement in patients with post surgical hypoparathyroidism.Methods: To elucidate the medication adherence, we performed a questionnaire survey using the six item “Medication adherence questionnaire’’(MAQ). The first, second and sixth questions reflect the motivation status of the patients whereas the third, forth and sixth questions reflect the knowledge about the medication that is received. The responses are scored and patients are classified regarding their motivation to and knowledge about the particular drug.Results: Totally 64 patients (Male:12/Female:52; mean age 48.6±11.6 years) who had postoperative hypoparathyroidism were included in our study. Median disease durance was 60 months (min-max; 12-295 months). We found that motivation score of calcium usage was significantly lower compared to vitamin D usage (p<0.001). The calcium motivation score was reversely correlated with disease duration (r= -0.256 and p=0.046). The most common worry about calcium usage was nephrotoxicity, and the most common worries about calcitriol treatment were kidney damage and polyuria. One third of the patients were taking oral calcium and calcitriol less than the recommended dose.Conclusion: One third of patients lack motivation to use calcium whereas half of the patients’ experiences anxiety about drug related side effects. This is a preliminary study showing that vital calcium and active vitamin D intake may be interrupted due to side effect anxiety and motivation can be increased by frequent visits and acknowledging the patient about the deleterious effects of drug withdrawal.
DOCK4 Correlated with Immune Infiltration is a Valuable Prognostic Biomarker in Stomach Adenocarcinoma.
Authors: Lu Yi , Yu Xi Jia , Dong Ping Qiu , Du Yan , Liang Zheng
Published: November 2021

Background:Dedicator for cytokinesis 4 (DOCK4), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for the small GTPase Rac1, the mechanisms involved in immune infiltration in STAD (stomachadenocarcinoma) remain unclear. Methods: The UALCAN database was used to analyze the expression of the DOCKfamily, and the Kaplan-Meier plotter and GEPIA databases were used to assess the prognostic value of the DOCK family in STAD. Furthermore,the correlation between DOCK4 expression withtumor immune infiltration and the expression of related immune marker genes in STAD was explored using TIMER and GEPIA websites. Subsequently, the relationship between DOCK4 expression and clinical characteristics was verified using the UALCAN database. Finally, the mutation of DOCK4 was analyzed via TIMER2.0 and cBioPortal databases. And the protein-protein interaction(PPI) networks of DOCK4 were constructed using GeneMANIA and STRING websites.Results: DOCK4 was finally screened out, and its expression in tumors was significantly evaluated relative to paracancerous tissues and had a negative impact on the prognosis of patients with STAD.DOCK4 was found significantly related to tumor immune infiltration in STAD.Conclusions:In summary, DOCK4 is a potential regulator of the recruitment and regulation of immune infiltrating cells, thus becoming a valuable prognosticbiomarker in STAD.
The COVID-19 Pandemic Highlights An Unmet Need To Improve Remote Assessment of Disease Activity in Rare Diseases, Juvenile-Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus And Juvenile Dermatomyositis
Authors: Peng Junjie , Mehta Puja , Khatun Ayesha , Wu Wing-Han , Hennelly Laura , Doolan Georgia , Henty Julian Robert , Howard Paul , Jury Elizabeth C , Ciurtin Coziana
Published: November 2021

Here we report the results of a pilot young patient survey which targeted patients with juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) and juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM), which explored wellbeing, resilience and general concern about the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey was completed anonymously by patients who have been approached via the automatically generated hospital data base between June-December 2020. This pilot study found that generalised concerns regarding the COVID-19 pandemic were significantly higher in females, although their self-reported disease activity scores were comparable with male respondents. Our findings highlight a need to improve remote assessments to facilitate triaging for face-to-face visits in the situation of future pandemics associated with disruption of clinical services, as well as further research in this area of young patient-reported outcomes outside hospital visits.
Quantitative Evaluation of Disease Severity in Connective Tissue Disease-associated Interstitial Lung Disease by Dual-energy Computed Tomography
Authors: Chen Ling , Lu Haiyan , Zhu Min , Yang Ting , Li WanJiang , Zhang Yali , Xie Qibin , Li Zhenlin , Wan Huajing , Luo Fengming
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is recommended for diagnosing and monitoring connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD). Quantitative computed tomography has the potential to precisely assess the radiological severity of CTD-ILD, but has still been under study.OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether dual-energy computed tomography (DECT), a novel quantitative technique, can be used in the quantitative severity assessment in CTD-ILD. METHODS: This cross-section study recruited adult CTD-ILD patients who underwent a DECT scan from the ICE study between October 2019 and April 2021. DECT parameters, including effective atomic number (Zeff), volume, and monochromatic CT number (MCTN) of each lung lobe, were evaluated. CTD-ILD was classified into extensive CTD-ILD and limited CTD-ILD by staging algorithm combined pulmonary function test (PFT) and total extent of ILD (TEI) score based on the chest CT. Dyspnea, cough, and life quality were scored by Borg dyspnea score, Leicester cough questionnaire (LCQ), and short-form 36 health survey questionnaire (SF-36), respectively. RESULTS: There was a total of 121 CTD-ILD patients enrolled. Higher Zeff value (3.11 vs 2.26, p < 0.001), higher MCTN (-721.31 vs -801.44, p < 0.001), and lower lung volume (2481.13cm3 vs 3525.52cm3, p < 0.001) were found in extensive CTD-ILD compared with limited CTD-ILD. DECT parameters had a moderate to high correlation with FVC%pre (|r| = 0.647-0.750, p < 0.01) and DLCO%pre (|r| = 0.424-0.484, p < 0.01), and moderate to high correlation with TEI (|r| = 0.411-0.719, p < 0.01). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis suggested MCTN had the best performance for extensive CTD-ILD discrimination in right middle lung lobe (AUC = 0.877, cut-off: -805, p < 0.001), with a sensitivity of 86.36% and a specificity of 77.42%. The Zeff value was the independent risk factor for dyspnea and cough ( OR = 3.716 for dyspnea, p < 0.05; OR = 2.294 for cough, p < 0.05), and lung volume significantly contributed to the mental component summary (MCS) in SF-36 (β=0.190, p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: DECT parameters can be applied to evaluate the severity of CTD-ILD.
Unraveling the Structure and Role of Mn and Ce for Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx in Application-Relevant Catalysts and Conditions
Authors: Gevers Lieven , Enakonda Linga , Shahid Ameen , Ould-Chikh Samy , Paalanen Pasi , Hedhili Mohamed , Wen Fei , Ruiz-Martinez Javier
Published: November 2021

Mn-based oxides are promising catalysts for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3 at temperatures below 200 °C. There is a general agreement that combining Mn with another metal oxide, such as CeOx improves catalytic activity. However, to date, there is an unsettling debate on the role of Ce as Mn promoter on the SCR reaction. To solve this, here we have systematically studied the effect Ce by preparing, characterizing and testing around 30 catalysts aiming for a well-controlled homogeneous dispersion of the metal oxides. Our results show that, at low-temperature SCR conditions, the intrinsic activity of the Mn active sites is not positively affected by Ce species in intimate contact. In fact, the results suggest that Ce is electronically interacting with Mn and decreasing the active-site average activity. To confirm our findings, activities reported in literature were surface-area normalized and the analysis do not support an increase in activity by Ce addition. Therefore, we can unequivocally conclude that the beneficial effect of Ce is textural, increasing catalyst surface area and therefore the total number of active sites. Besides, addition of Ce is increasing N2 selectivity as it suppresses second-step oxidation reactions and thus N2O formation by structurally diluting the MnOx active sites. Therefore, the textural promoting effect still makes Ce an interesting additive for Mn catalysts.
Title MiR-188-5p Affects the Progression of Alzheimer's disease by Negatively Regulating Neuritin Expression
Authors: Sun Jiawei , Song Dandan , song yin , Li Guoxiang , Meng Pingping , Zhu Jingling , Huang Jin
Published: November 2021

BackgroundAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by complex pathobiological characteristics and still lacks accurate biomarkers in early diagnosis. Neuritin (NRN1) is a neurotrophic factor, which has active roles in neuronal plasticity and regeneration. Recent research suggests that Neuritin has been associated with loss of cognitive function, maybe a potential therapeutic target in AD. MethodsWe have clustered the upregulated miRNAs in AD and predicted the target miRNAs of Neuritin by bioinformatics analysis, found miR-188-5p may involve in the development of AD. ResultsIn the present study, we confirm the association between Neuritin and miR-188-5p expression in mice with AD. Besides, we provide evidence for the changes of cognition capacity, miR-188-5p and Neuritin levels in APP/PS1 mice. ConclusionOur results reveal a previously undefined mechanism that miR-188-5p plays a significant role in the development of AD by inhibiting the expression of target protein Neuritin.
Progression of Aortic Dissection: An Application of Soliton Solutions of Nonlinear Evolution Equation in (3+1)-Dimensions
Authors: JADAUN VISHAKHA , Singh Nitin
Published: November 2021

Aortic dissection is a serious pathology involving the vessel wall of the aorta with significant societal impact. To understand aortic dissection we explain the role of the dynamic pathology in the absence or presence of structural and/or functional abnormalities. We frame a differential equation to evaluate the impact of mean blood pressure on the aortic wall and prove the existence and uniqueness of its solution for homeostatic recoil and relaxation for infinitesimal aortic tissue. We model and analyze generalized (3+1)-dimensional nonlinear partial differential equation for aortic wave dynamics. We use the Lie group of transformations on this nonlinear evolution equation to obtain invariant solutions, traveling wave solutions including solitons. We find that abnormalities in the dynamic pathology of aortic dissection act as triggers for the progression of disease in early-stage through the formation of soliton-like pulses and their interaction. We address the role of unstable wavefields in waveform dynamics when waves are unidirectional. Moreover, the notion of dynamic pathology within the domain of vascular geometry may explain the evolution of aneurysms in cerebral arteries and cardiomyopathies even in the absence of anatomical and physiological abnormalities.
WITHDRAWN: Market weight, slaughter age, and yield grade to determine economic carcass traits and primal cuts yield of Hanwoo beef
Authors: Kwon Ki-Mun , Jeon Hwa-Eun , Han Seung-Ju , Woo Hee-Chan , Heo Sung-Min , Hong Hyoung Ki , Nogoy Kim Margarette C. , Choi Seong Ho
Published: November 2021

ObjectiveThis study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between market weight, slaughter age, yield grade, and primal cut yield in Hanwoo. MethodsA total of 403 Hanwoo (Korean native cattle) was assessed for carcass traits such as carcass cold weight, backfat thickness, ribeye area, dressing percentage, yield index, and marbling score. The production yield of the individual major primal cuts of Hanwoo beef was also measured. FindingsCarcass cold weight, ribeye area, and backfat thickness, which affect meat quality increased with increased market weight (p<0.05). The production yield of the ten major primal cuts also increased with increased market weight (p<0.05). In terms of slaughter age, carcass cold weight, ribeye area, and backfat thickness all increased from 25 months to 28-29 months, and the production yield of all prime cuts also increased with increasing slaughter age. According to the meat yield grade, carcass cold weight and backfat thickness increased from grade A to grade C, although the ribeye area was not affected. The combined findings of the study suggest that slaughtering Hanwoo at the weight of 651-700 kg and 701-750 and age of 28.23 and 29.83 months might be desirable to achieve the best quality and quantity grade of Hanwoo beef. However, the positive correlation of carcass cold weight and backfat thickness, and the negative correlation of the yield index according to primal cuts yield indicated that it is necessary to couple the slaughtering management of cattle with improved genetic and breeding method of Hanwoo to increase the production yield of the major prime cuts of Hanwoo beef.
Intermittent Fasting Reduces Neuroinflammation in Intracerebral Hemorrhage Through the Sirt3/Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway
Authors: Dai Shuhui , Wei Jialiang , Zhang Hongchen , Luo Peng , Yang Yuefan , Jiang Xiaofan , Fei Zhou , Liang Wenbin , Jiang Jianli , Li Xia
Published: November 2021

Background: Inflammation contributes to the poor prognosis of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Intermittent fasting (IF) has been shown to be protective against inflammation in multiple pathogenic processes. In the present study, we aimed to investigated the beneficial effects of IF in attenuating neuroinflammation and neurological deficits in a mouse model of ICH and to investigate the underlying mechanism.Methods: ICH was modelled by intrastriatal injection of autologous blood and IF was modelled by every-other-day feeding in male control mice (C57BL6), mice with and microglia specific knockout Sirt3f/f;Cx3cr1-Cre (Sirt3 cKO), and Sirt3f/f (wild-type) mice. Brain tissues and arterial blood were harvested at 1, 3, 7 and 28 days after ICH for immunohistochemistry analysis of Iba-1, DARPP-32 and HO-1, morphological analysis by HE staining and inflammatory factor release tests by ELISA. Motor functions were approached by corner turn and forelimb use asymmetry tests. Fluorescent double-labelled staining of Iba-1 with CD16, Arg1 or Sirt3 was used to provide direct image of co-expression of these molecules in microglia. TUNEL and Nissl staining was performed to evaluate cellular injuries. Results: IF alleviated neurological deficits in both acute and chronic phases after ICH. Morphologically, IF enhanced hematoma clearance, reduced brain edema in acute phase and attenuated striatum atrophy in chronic phase. In addtition, IF decreased the numbers of TUNEL+ cells and increased Nissl+ neuron number at day 1, 3 and 7 after ICH. IF suppressed CD16+Iba-1+ microglia activation at day 3 after ICH and reduced inflammatory releases, such as IL-1β and TNF-α. The above effects of IF were attenuated by microglia Sirt3 deletion partly because of an inhibition of Nrf2/HO-1 signalling pathway. Interestingly, IF increased Iba-1+ microglia number at day 7 which mainly expressed Arg1 while decreased the proinflammatory factor levels. In mice with microglia-specific Sirt3 deletion, the effects of IF on Iba-1+ microglia activation and anti-inflammatory factor expressions were attenuated as compared to wild-type Sirt3f/f mice. Conclusions: IF protects against ICH by suppressing the inflammatory responses via the Sirt3/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
Measuring Correlated Qubit Errors on Quantum Computers
Authors: Schales Peyton
Published: November 2021

Quantum computing is an emerging technology that, with its exponential computational speedup, will allow us to solve a new level of hard problems. From rapid vaccine development, efficient discovery of exotic materials, and complex AI models, to quickly cracking RSA encryption, quantum computers have the potential to revolutionize science. However, for quantum computing to solve these problems, quantum error correction methods are needed to eliminate qubit errors. An underlying assumption of current quantum error correction is that qubit errors are not correlated. If correlated qubit errors are prevalent, quantum error correction will be difficult, if not impossible. In this work, I developed a method to identify correlated errors between pairs of qubits and used this method to determine if correlations exist on current small-scale quantum computers. My method uses independence of error probabilities P(qa) ⨉ P(qb) = P(qaqb) to determine correlation. After running 40 million experiments to collect error probabilities by varying the quantum gates, number of gates, and pairs of qubits on multiple quantum computers, I found that these computers have a high occurrence of correlated qubit errors when qubits are topological neighbors. For example, I found that Hadamard gate operations can cause correlated errors, supported by a p-value of 0.0160. My work shows that the assumption that qubit errors are not correlated is incorrect for current quantum computers. In the future, scientists can use these methods to test for correlated errors as they develop new quantum computers, enabling quantum computing to achieve its full potential.
East Asian summer monsoon enhanced by COVID-19
Authors: He Chao , Zhou Wen , Li Tim , Zhou Tianjun , Wang Yuhao
Published: November 2021

Anthropogenic emissions decreased dramatically during the COVID-19 pandemic, but its possible effect on monsoon is unclear. Based on coupled models participating in the COVID Model Intercomparison Project (COVID-MIP), we show modeling evidence that the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) is enhanced in terms of both precipitation and circulation, and the amplitude of the forced response reaches about 1/3 of the standard deviation for interannual variability. The response of EASM to COVID-19 is consistent with the response to the removal of all anthropogenic aerosols simulated by atmospheric component models, which confirms the dominant role of the fast response to reduced aerosols. The observational evidence, i.e., the anomalously strong EASM observed in 2020 and 2021, also supports the simulated enhancement of EASM. The essential mechanism for the enhanced EASM in response to COVID-19 is the enhanced zonal thermal contrast between Asian continent and the western North Pacific in the troposphere, particularly at the upper troposphere, due to the reduced aerosol concentration over Asian continent and the associated latent heating feedback. As the enhancement of EASM is a fast response to the reduction in aerosols, the effect of COVID-19 on EASM dampens soon after the rebound of emissions based on the models participating in COVID-MIP.
Correlation between Job Burnout and Fear of COVID-19 among ICU and CCU Nurses
Authors: Golabi F. , Aghdam M. B. Alizadeh , Akbarian H. , Mazraehshadi M. M. Hosseini
Published: November 2021

Background: Occupational burnout among nurses is one of the major factors which affect the quality of nursing care. Assessing the relationship between burnout and its associated factors is one of the most basic things that should be done so that later, actions can be taken to reduce burnout. Fear of COVID-19 is one of the factors that can increase burnout of nurses during the Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic.Aim: To investigate the relationship between job burnout and fear of COVID-19 among ICU and CCU nurses.Methods: The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) were distributed to ICU and CCU nurses (n = 170) at Shahid Madani Cardiac Hospital, Tabriz, Iran, and the correlation between job burnout and fear of COVID-19 was calculated.Results: The results show that the level of emotional exhaustion and reduced personal accomplishment among participants of this study is average, and depersonalization is at a low level. Also, the level of fear of coronavirus is below average among the respondents. The research showed that emotional exhaustion and fear of COVID-19 were positively correlated (p < 0.05), but there was not any significant correlation between depersonalization and fear of Coronavirus; as the relationship between reduced personal accomplishment and fear of COVID-19. In addition, there were significant correlations between age and reduced personal accomplishment, as well as marital status and reduced personal accomplishment (p < 0.05). On the other hand, the results showed that there were not any significant correlations between gender and burnout dimensions, nor between educational degree and burnout dimensions.Conclusion: As job burnout reduces the quality of nursing care, managers must take strategies that reduce job burnout. One of the strategies that they can take is to reduce the fear of COVID-19 by taking wise strategies.
Plasma Lipidome Acts as Diagnostic Marker and Predictor for Cyclosporin Response in Patients with Aplastic Anemia
Authors: Ruan Jing , Yang Chen , Du Yali , Chen Miao , Han Bing
Published: November 2021

The lipid metabolomic profile has been well defined in the pathogenesis and differential diagnosis in patients with different myeloid diseases. We assumed that the serum lipid metabolites could also help the diagnosis and prognostic prediction of aplastic anemia (AA). In this study, serum lipid profiles were explored in AA patients before and after cyclosporin (CsA) treatment. Meanwhile, hypocellular myelodysplastic syndrome (h-MDS) patients and the healthy volunteers were compared as controls. 15 AA patients, 11 h-MDS patients and 20 age and sex matched health controls were enrolled. All the AA patients were diagnosed to be non-severe aplastic anemia with transfusion dependency and were treated by CsA 3-5mg/kg/d for at least 6 months. AA patients had decreased arachidonic acid pathway metabolites and retinol metabolism-related metabolites as compared with h-MDS and the health (P<0.05), whereas h-MDS patients had increased metabolism of proline and threonine and abnormal sphingolipid metabolism compared with AA patients and the normal controls. After 6-month of CsA treatment, serum arachidonic acid, PGE2, PGJ2, 15(S)-HETE, leukotriene B4 and Protectin D1 decreased significantly. Patients who had response to CsA had higher levels of baseline protectin D1 (p=0.011), leukotriene B4 (p=0.011), 15(S)-HETE (p=0.004) and all-trans-retinal (p=0.000) than those who had no response.
Geographic pattern of phytoplankton community and their drivers in lakes of middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River floodplain, ChinaGeographic pattern of phytoplankton community and their drivers in lakes of middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River floodplain, China
Authors: Xiao Zhe , Li Hua , Li Xiaochuang , Li Renhui , Huo Shouliang , Yu Gongliang
Published: November 2021

Disentangling the relative contributions of deterministic and stochastic processes were critical to compressive understanding of underlying mechanism governing geographic pattern and assembly of phytoplankton community, while it was seldom performed in connected lakes under human pressure. Here, we investigated phytoplankton community pattern in relation to environmental and spatial factors over 81 lakes located in middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River (MLYR) floodplain, where many lakes suffered eutrophication and cyanobacterial blooms. A majority of MLYR lakes had higher phytoplankton abundance surpassing 107 cells/L, and were dominated by common bloom-forming cyanobacterial genera, including Pseudanabaena, Microcystis, Merismopedia, Dolichospermum, Limnothrix, and Raphidiopsis. Phytoplankton community exhibited a striking geographical pattern both for taxonomic and functional compositions, while functional groups were less sensitive and disimmilarity in communities displayed no significant increases with increasing geographical distance. Further, species richness explained much higher percentage of community variations than species turnover, indicating a reduced effect of environmental filtering of phytoplankton species with tolerance to similar environments in connected MLYR lakes. Both deterministic and stochastic processes governed assembly and biogeographic of phytoplankton community. Variation partition analysis showed spatial factors exhibited greater influence on phytoplankton community compared to environmental variables. The stronger influence of spatial factors was further demonstrated by Mantel test and neutral community model. These findings indicate deterministic and stochastic processes exhibited similar biogeographic patterns for phytoplankton community in MLYR lakes, but stochastic process was overwhelmingly dominated. Moreover, a large proportion of unexplained variation implies complex interactions exist to shape assembly mechanism of phytoplankton community in MLYR lakes.
Sampling strategy, characteristics and representativeness of the InGef research database
Authors: Ludwig Marion , Enders Dirk , Basedow Frederike , Walker Jochen , Jacob Josephine
Published: November 2021

Objectives
The aim of this study was to describe the sampling strategy as well as characteristics and the external validity of a representative sample database drawn from the German InGef research database.
Study Design
This is a retrospective cohort study using anonymized claims data for the year 2019.
Methods
The InGef research database is an anonymized healthcare database with longitudinal claims data from approximately 8.8 Mio insurees. A sample of four million insurees was drawn intended to be representative for the German population with respect to age, sex and region. In addition to demographic information, data on hospitalization rates, mortality rates and drug prescription rates was analysed from the InGef sample database for the year 2019 to demonstrate validity and representativeness. Corresponding national reference data were obtained from official sources.
Results
The distributions of sex and age were similar in the InGef sample database and Germany (proportion of women: 50.8% vs. 50.7%; mean age: 44.1 vs 43.9 years). The proportion of insurees living in the eastern part of Germany was lower in the InGef sample database (16.5% vs. 19.5 %). There was good accordance with German reference data with respect to hospitalization rates and overall mortality rates. Prescription rates for the 20 most often reimbursed drug classes were slightly higher in the InGef sample database.
Conclusions
The InGef sample database shows good overall agreement with the German population on measures of morbidity, mortality, and drug usage.
Priority micronutrient density in foods
Authors: Beal Ty , Ortenzi Flaminia
Published: November 2021

Background: Despite concerted efforts to improve diet quality and reduce malnutrition, micronutrient deficiencies remain widespread globally, especially in low- and middle-income countries and among population groups with increased needs, where diets are often inadequate in iron, zinc, folate, vitamin A, calcium, and vitamin B12. There is a need to understand the density of these micronutrients and their bioavailability across diverse foods and the suitability of these foods to help meet requirements for populations with high burdens of micronutrient malnutrition.Objective: We aimed to identify the top food sources of these commonly lacking micronutrients, which are essential for optimal health, to support efforts to reduce micronutrient malnutrition among various populations globally.Methods: We built an aggregated global food composition database and calculated recommended nutrient intakes for five population groups with varying requirements. An approach was developed to rate foods according to their density in each and all priority micronutrients for various population groups with different nutrient requirements.Results: We find that the top sources of priority micronutrients are organs, small fish, dark green leafy vegetables, bivalves, crustaceans, goat, beef, eggs, milk, canned fish with bones, lamb, and mutton. Cheese, goat milk, and pork are also good sources, and to a lesser extent, yogurt, fresh fish, pulses, teff, and canned fish without bones.Conclusions: The results provide insight into which foods to prioritize to fill common micronutrient gaps and reduce undernutrition.
Pulsed supplies of small fish facilitate short-term intraguild predation in salmon stocked streams
Authors: Hasegawa Koh , Fukui Sho
Published: November 2021

Pulsed supplies of prey organisms generally increase predator food intake. However, whether this holds true when predators and pulsed prey are in same guild (i.e., intraguild [IG] predators and prey) is unclear. IG prey may increase IG-predator food intake by providing a food source, but they may decrease food intake through competition. To test these hypotheses, we compared the food intake of white-spotted charr (Salvelinus leucomaenis) (IG predator) in streams that were stocked or unstocked with hatchery-reared masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou) fry (IG prey) in streams in Hokkaido, Japan. One day after stocking, masu salmon fry occupied nearly 60% of the stomach contents by wet weight of white-spotted charr in stocked streams, and mean stomach content weight was six-times higher than in unstocked streams. However, predation of white-spotted charr on stocked fry was rare on other days. Acquisition of predator-avoidance behavior by stocked fry and/or a lack of accommodation by white-spotted charr to the sudden emergence of a new prey source (e.g., the charr in study sites were basically insectivorous, and their foraging behavior might have been ineffective for piscivory) may explain this time-limited intraguild predation. In days other than the first day post-stocking, food intake by white-spotted charr did not differ between stocked and unstocked streams. No effects of interspecific competition on white-spotted charr food intake were observed; this may be due to the body-size advantage of white-spotted charr and/or the low density of stocked masu-salmon fry.