bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CATARACT SURGERY
Authors: Riaz Hashim , Yasmin Surriya , Kawish Ayesha Babar
Published: September 2021

Objectives: This study is conducted to determine the prevalence of hepatitis Band hepatitis C virus infection in patients presenting for cataract surgery and to see the pattern ofliver function tests in hepatitis positive and negative patients. Design: Descriptive study, Settingand Period: The study was conducted from September 2015 to February 2016 at Al-Shifa eyehospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Methods: All the patients presenting for cataract surgery wereincluded in the study. Liver function tests were performed using automatic chemistry analyzerwhile hepatitis B surface antigen and antibodies to hepatitis C virus were checked using thirdgeneration ELISA. Results: A total of 315 patients were included in the study. Male to femaleratio was 1.18:1. Out of these 315 cases, there were 45 (14.29%) patients who tested positivefor hepatitis and all of these 45 cases were positive for anti-HCV antibodies with 18 (40%) malesand 27 (60%) females, showing high predilection for female gender. Majority of patients, about171 (54.29%), were in the age range of 21-40 years, followed by 57 (18.10%) patients in theage group of 40-50 years. The mean age of hepatitis positive patients was 33.33±13.37 years.Regarding liver function tests, the alanine transaminase levels (ALT) were 77.9 and 132 U/L inhepatitis negative and hepatitis positive patients respectively. Enzyme levels were 1.65 timeshigher in hepatitis positive patients than in hepatitis negative patients. Rest of the parameterswas within normal limits. Conclusion: Hepatitis B and C virus infections are common cause ofliver dysfunction in our country. Hepatitis C virus infection is more prevalent than Hepatitis Bvirus infection. Hepatitis infection can lead to raised ALT levels even when other parameters ofliver function tests are within normal limits. Therefore, all patients who have raised ALT levelsmust undergo hepatitis screening.
ACE INHIBITORS
Authors: Nazir Amar , Sheikh Fida Muhammad , Aslam Shahzad , Javaid Uzma
Published: September 2021

Persistent dry cough is commonest undesirable effect of the angiotensin convertingenzyme inhibitors. The mechanism of cough due to ACE inhibitors is uncertain, but most likelyis due to the cough mediators as substance P agents & brdykinin which are degraded byACE inhibitors. Objective: To compare the incidence of cough in hypertensives which wereprescribed lisinopril, perindopril & ramipril. Study Design: Mainly cross sectional prospectivemulticenter, open labeled study of 100 patients. Place & Duration of Study: Department ofMedicine of University Medical Diagnostic Centre & District Head Quarter Hospital Sargodha,period January 2016 to June 2016. Methodology: 100 Patients using three types of ACEinhibitors were selected and an especially designed performa was completed. In our study wegave preference to those patients who were prescribed ACE inhibitors for the first time. Thepatients were instructed (at the baseline visit) to inform during the succeeding visit about theonset of any adverse drug reactions like cough, hypotension, headache, dizziness, fatigue,nausea, angioedema. Patients were not informed that incidence of cough was the main seek ofthe study, so there was no chance for Hawthorne effect. Results: The incidence of ACE inhibitorinduced cough has been reported to as: perindopril was 5.4 %, ramipril 6.89 % & lisinopril 8.82%. Overall incidence of dry cough was 7.0 % with three different ACE inhibitors. The onsetof cough after taking ACE inhibitors ranges from within days of the first dose to months afterstarting the therapy. Cough usually resolves within 1 to 4 weeks after the cessation of treatment.Conclusion: Chronic dry cough is a general consequence of angiotensin converting enzymeinhibitors. The cough is also associated with irritating & tickling sensations in throat.
LAPAROSCOPIC AND OPEN APPENDECTOMY
Authors: Dal Nawaz Ali , Lighari Qamber Ali , Laghari Zameer Hussain
Published: September 2021

Objectives: Objectives of this study are to compare the outcome of thelaparoscopic with open appendectomy in terms of postoperative pain, postoperativecomplications and hospital stay. Study Design: Randomized control trial. Place and Periodof Study: This study was held in Surgical Unit-III, Liaquat University Hospital Jamshoro, fromSeptember 2013 to March 2014. Methodology: This study comprised of sixty patients admittedvia outpatient department, and also through casualty department of LUHMS Jamshoro/Hyderabad. Cases were categorized into 2 groups. Group-A for open appendectomy andgroup-B for laparoscopic appendectomy. Comprehensive History was obtained from eachpatient. Right iliac fossa site was particularly assessed for tenderness assessment at Mc: Burney’spoint rigidity rebound tenderness and documented through proforma. A comprehensive reviewwas as well performed to observe any co-morbidity. Inclusion criteria comprised of all thosepatients of acute appendicitis who give written consent for study after counseling, irrespectiveof their age and sex. Criteria for exclusion included each patient with aspects of specifiedperitonitis, cases with obvious mass within right iliac fossa as well as cases with pre-operativehistory of lower abdomen or caesarean section. Outcomes were documented in the term ofterms of postoperative pain, postoperative complications and hospital stay and recorded onPerforma. Data analyzing was carried out with SPSS software. Results: From totally 60 casesin our study 40 patients males (66.67%) and 20 were females (33.33%); with female to maleproportion of 1:3. There was an extensive variation in age from 10 to 70 years among bothgroups. The mean age was 26.78 years. Both groups were symptomatically nearly similar withpain in RIF, pain initiating around umbilicus, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, fever, and modifiedbowel behavior, in 59 (98.33%), 45 (75%), 50 (83.33%), 35 (58.33%), 25 (41.67%), 22 (36.67%),20 (33.33%) respectively. Clinical assessment of cases exposed tenderness at Mc Burney’spoint in 59 (98.33%) cases, muscle guarding in 52 (86.67%) cases, rebound tenderness in55 (91.67%) cases and fever in 20 (33.33%) patients. Operative period in each group wasdocumented that ranged from 30 to 90 min. in each group. The mean operative period in OAgroup was 38.90+15.90 where as it was 26.30+12.96 minutes LA group. Post-operative painseverity in each group was documented. Mild pain was found in 5(16.67%) in OA group casesand 21 (70%) in LA group cases was noted, moderate pain in 22(73.33%) OA group casesand 9(30%) LA group cases was noted, severe pain was described by 3 (10%) patients in OA.The period of return to normal activity in open appendectomy ranged from 7-25 days (mean14.8 days) as contrasted to laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) group where it varied from 7-15days. Conclusion: In conclusion, we exhibited that LA has significant
PRE-OPERATIVE INCENTIVE SPIROMETRY
Authors: Fayyaz Aatir , Furqan Aamir , Ammar Ali , Ahmad Rana Altaf , Ahmad Suhail
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Coronary artery bypass surgery is associated with post-operativecomplications like, atelactasis, pneumonia, plural effusion, pulmonary edema which effect onpost operative oxygenation of patient resulting in delayed recovery and prolong hospital stay.Materials and method: A total of 170 patients included in the study. Study Design: Randomizedcontrol trial. Setting: Department of Cardiac Surgery, Chaudary Pervaiz Elahi Institute ofCardiology Multan. Period: January 2016 to June 2016. Objective: To Compare postoperativeoxygenation outcomes in patients undergoing CABG with and without pre-operative spirometry.Results: Oxygenation variables pre-operative mean PO2 and SD in C group was 93.27 ± 5.04and in I group 97.29 ± 2.31. Similarly pre-operative PCO2 in C group was 41.73 ± 3.22 and in Igroup was 38.78 ± 2.99. Mean A-a gradient and SD in C group was 7.42 ± 1.70 and in I group4.56 ± 1.11. At the time of shifting from theater mean PO2 in C group was 91.22 ± 4.64 andin I group was 98.20 ± 2.00, similarly mean PCO2 and SD in C group was 43.18 ± 3.47 andin I group 39.65 ± 1.15. Mean A-a gradient and SD in C group was 8.02 ± 1.30 and in I group3.87 ± 0.88. After four hours mean PO2 and SD in C group was 92.00 ± 5.05 and in I group99.04 ± 1.15. Mean PCO2 after four hours in C group was 42.34 ± 4.08 and in I group 37.29 ±2.93. As concerned to A-a gradient mean and SD was 7.12 ± 1.70 and in I group 5.84 ± 1.92.Conclusion: Preoperative incentive spirometry have improved postoperative oxygenation andreduce the incidence of postoperative complications following CABG.
ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY
Authors: Hussain Muhammad Shahbaz , Majeed Zafar , Hussain Mazhar
Published: September 2021

Infections occurring more than 48 hours after admission in hospital are usuallyconsidered as nosocomial infections. Patients in ICUs are at a higher risk of acquiring thisinfection than those in non-critical areas. The total length of stay increased from three days tonineteen days for clinical procedures. Increased antimicrobial resistance in such cases makesincrease in mortality and morbidity. The ICU infection rates is five to ten times higher than HAIs inward patients. ICU acquired infections are major health problem globally, in developing countrieslike Pakistan. The microorganisms that are frequently isolated from intensive care units areAcinetobacter spp, P. aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus spp, Staphylococcusspp, Enterococci and Enterobacteriaceae i.e E. coli, Proteus mirabilis and Serratia marcescens.Aims: The present study was aimed at to determine the frequency of causative organismsin intensive care unit (ICU) patients and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolates.Study Design: A cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Microbiology section ofPathology department Sheikh Zayed Medical College/Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan. Four months(September to December 2015). Materials and Methods: Clinical samples from patientshaving signs and syptoms of site-specific infections or fever in ICU were collected. The sampleswere cultured on suitable culture media and bacterial isolates were identified by Gram stain andstandard biochemical methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing to conventional and newerantibiotics was performed on Mueller Hinton agar using disc diffusion method. Frequencypercentages of all isolates were determined. Results: Out of 100 samples only 30 samples werepositive for growth and 70 samples showed no growth. The most frequent isolates were E. coli(40%), K. pneumoniae (10%) P. aeruginosa (10%) Proteus spp. (20%) Acinetobacter (17%) andS.aureus (3%). S.aureus (Gram positive bacteria) were more sensitive to imipenem, cefoxitinand resistant to ceftriaxone, nitrofurantoin azithromycin, Tetracycline, Cefotaxime and amoxicillinclavulanic acid. Other Gram negative bacteria i.e E.coli, K. Pneumoniae, P.aeruginosa, Proteusspp. and Acinetobacter spp. were sensitive to imipenem, sulzone, ceftriaxone, Ciprofloxacin,Gentamicin, Nitrofurantoin and resistant to amoxicillin clavulanic acid. Conclusion: Bacteriawere isolated from 30% clinical samples taken from patients admitted in ICU. The most frequentsite of infection was the respiratory tract followed by urinary tract and blood stream infections.E. coli, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumonia, Proteus spp., Acinetibacter and S. aureus were isolated.The high frequency of Health associated infections and elevated bacterial resistance rate in ICUpatients suggest that more strict measures regarding infection control practices can be done.
ROOT CANAL DENTIN;
Authors: Memon Mahwish , Kalhoro Feroze Ali , Shams Salman , Kumar Suneel
Published: September 2021

Objectives: To compare the mean thickness of hybrid layer by using selfetchadhesive at coronal dentin and root canal dentin with scanning electronic microscope.Study Design: Experimental study. Setting: Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences,Jamshoro. Period: July 2009 to 31st December 2009. Material & Methods: Fifty permanentsingle rooted extracted teeth were used in this study. The sample size was divided into twoequal groups of 25 teeth each. Group 1(n=25) self etch adhesive was applied on coronal dentinthen light cured for 10seconds. Group 2(n=25)self etch adhesive to root canal dentin and thenlight cured was applied for 10seconds then 2mm thick layer was placed to adhesive bondedsurfaces of coronal and root canal dentin. Data were analyzed using t-test of significance. p-Value was significant at ≤0.05. Results: The mean ±standard deviation of thickness of hybridlayer was 2.3088 ±1.027 um in coronal dentin; and it was 2.1104 ±1.0316 um in root canaldentin. Conclusion: There is no statistically significant differences in mean thickness of hybridlayer between root canal dentin and coronal dentin with self etch adhesive.
INTRACRANIAL INFECTION RATE;
Authors: Zeeshan Qazi Muhammad , Ali Muhammad Faiq , Gauri Shiraz Ahmed , Younus Syed Muneeb , Imran Muhammad , Ashraf Junaid
Published: September 2021

Objectives: The aim of our study is to determine the prevalence of post operativeintracranial infection rate, at Civil Hospital Karachi, Pakistan. Study Design: Retrospectiveanalysis of cases of craniotomy, studying the files of patients who had the procedure done.Setting: Neurosurgical Department at Civil Hospital Karachi Pakistan. Period: Ten years period(2005 to 2015). Method: To determine the incidence and factors associated with infection a subgroup analysis was done in all those patients in whom the intracranial infection was caused by acranial surgery. Patients who were administered antibiotics for the treatment of infection were notincluded also those who were treated for wound infection without intracranial involvement. Datawas analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: A total of 5800 cranial surgical procedures wereperformed by a team of 30 neurosurgeons and residents. And a total n= 116 (2%) procedureswere done due to post operative infection on a total of n= 70 patients. N= 37 patients weremale and n= 33 patients were female, the median age of patients was 50 years and the agerange was from 2 to 75 years. The procedures were performed as elective procedures in n=56 (80%) patients and as an emergency case in n= 14 (20%) patients. The most commonorganism was methicillin sensitive staphylococcus aureus, and the most surgeries who werefound to have a high incidence of post operative infection for craniotomies done for removal ofa tumor. Conclusion: The postoperative infection is one of the most important complications ofcranial surgical procedures and required immediate attention and treatment, even after takingall the precautionary measures to ensure sterility a small number of patients still develop severeinfection needing reoperation for removal of debris and pus.
β THALASSEMIA;
Authors: Ali Syed Muhammad , Haider Syed Mahmood
Published: September 2021

Thalassemia is a single gene inherited blood diseases. Its causes abnormalitiesin in various human organ including oral and maxillofacial regions. A case report of 25 yearsold, β thalassemia patient from Karachi Pakistan. It is evident from this case report that if bloodtransfusion start regularly from early age and iron overload is controlled by proper drugs, thenintensity of manifestation in oral and maxillofacial regions becomes less and thus increasinglife span probability.
DRUG-DRUG INTERACTION;
Authors: Hasnain Hina , Ali Huma , Zafar Farya , Akbar Sial Ali , Hameed Kamran , Shareef Huma , Mallick Neelam , Tariq Anum , Fatima Rasheeda
Published: September 2021

Drug-drug interaction (DDI) is a specific type of adverse event, which developsdue to multiple regimen therapy, and that may lead to significant hospitalization and death.Clinical and economic impact of drug interactions are increasingly accredited as a chiefconcern in critical care. Potentiating effects of DDIs in intensive care units are far more criticaldue to complex medications regimen, high risk severely ill population and associated metabolicand physiological disturbances which can impede drug effects. Pharmacist contribution isclassified as clarification of drug order, appropriate drug information provision, and advice forsubstitute treatment. A multidisciplinary approach is very necessary in developing a pharmacotherapeuticregimen designed to optimize patient outcome and minimize any potential dugdrug interactions. This review encompasses the prevalence, categorization, significance interm of patient safety and prescription efficacy, clinical and economic burdens, national andinternational data comparisons related to drug-drug interactions.
WARM AND COLD BUPIVACAINE;
Authors: Ahmad Munir , Ahmad Khan Nadeem , Furqan Aamir , Waris Salman
Published: September 2021

Objectives: To compare the effect of warm and cold bupivacain on shiveringduring infraumblical surgeries in children under spinal anesthesia. Study Design: Randomizedcontrol trial. Setting: Department of anesthesiology, Nishtar Medical College and Hospital,Multan. Period: April 2015 to April 2016. Materials and Methods: A total of 62 patients wereselected for this study. SPSS version 16 was used for data analysis. Frequency and percentageswere calculated for qualitative data and mean ± standard deviation was calculated forquantitative data. Results: There was a remarkable difference shivering score in both groups.Mean shivering score for warm group was 1.1 ± 1.9 and for cold group it was 2.4 ± 1.2.Effectiveness was (74%) in warm group and (19.3%) in cold group. Conclusion: There arethermo sensory fibers in spinal cord that can induce or intensify the onset of shivering, intensityof shivering can be reduced by using warm local anesthetic solution, so anesthetic solutionmust be warm before using in spinal anesthesia.
ANISOMETROPIC AMBLYOPIC PATIENTS;
Authors: Akram Syed Nishat , Ajmal Muhammad , Fatima Khusbu , Furqan Aamir , Ali Farman
Published: September 2021

Objectives: To compare the status of stereopsis in anisometropic amblyopicpatients of 11-30 years of age and the type of anisometropic amblyopia associated with deficientBSV in patients of Eye OPD of Shalamar Hospital, Lahore. Study design: Descriptive crosssectional study Setting: Eye OPD, Shalamar Hospital, Lahore. Duration: From August 2015to August 2016. Materials and Methods: Two hundred (200) patients were selected for thestudy. Computor software SPSS version 16 was used to analyze the data. Categorical data waspresented as frequencies and percentages and numerical data presented as mean ± standarddeviation. Results: Frequency of anisometropic amblyopia is relatively higher in age groups 26-30. Age group 11-15, 16-20 and 21-25 have relatively low rate of amblyopia due to anisometropia.P = 0.000 a significant value. Conclusion: Frequency and severity of anisometropia in thisclinical sample from the Eye OPD of Shalamar Hospital, Lahore that increased as the level ofametropia increased. Both spherical ametropia and astigmatism were independently associatedwith anisometropia. Furthermore, both Spherical and cylindrical anisometropic amblyopia areindependently associated with deficient BSV. Simple hypermetropic amblyopia was the mostcommon cause associate with deficient BSV. The commonly affected age group in our studywas 25-30 year.
BLEEDING IN EARLY PREGNANCY;
Authors: Ahmad Riaz , Naz Aziz Farah
Published: September 2021

Objectives: (1) To determine various ways of presentation of bleeding in earlypregnancy. (2) To classify the different causes of bleeding in early pregnancy. Study Design:A descriptive observational study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was done in AzizBhatti Hospital Gujarat attached with Nawaz Sharif Medical College (U.O.G) for a period ofone year during 2014-15. Methodology: The patients who presented with the complaint ofbleeding in early pregnancy before twentieth weeks of gestation were included in the study.The patients who presented after this gestational age and the patients with DUB or any otherincidental cause were excluded. Results: Majority of the patients presented between the agesof 21 to 30 years, and the miscarriage was in the embryonic period. The other ways were painand passage of vesicles (4%). Shoulder tip pain and fainting attacks were the other associatedsymptoms, twenty two percent presented with disappearance of pregnancy symptoms, only4% patients presented with loss of fetal movements. The important predisposing factors werehistory of I.U.C.D, spontaneous miscarriage; E&C and 6% with history of recurrent miscarriages,diabetes, UTI. The most common were incomplete miscarriages. Second commonest werethreatened. Two important diagnostic aids were U.S.G. (TVS) and vaginal examination to classifythe causes of bleeding. Conclusion: Bleeding is the commonest complaint with which thepregnant population presents. The commonest cause is incomplete miscarriage followed bythreatened miscarriage; ultrasonography is of utmost importance for diagnosis. The expectantmanagement of complete miscarriage in selected cases when not bleeding heavily should beconsidered. The patients with inevitable abortion should be evacuated under aseptic conditions.The most serious causes e.g. ectopic pregnancy, molar pregnancy, missed miscarriage andincidental local causes should always be kept in mind.
Feasibility Study on Use of Plastic Waste as Fine Aggregate in Concrete Mixes
Authors: Kore Sudarshan Dattatraya
Published: September 2021

Plastic is used in many forms in day-to-day life. Since Plastic is non-biodegradable, landfills do not provide an environment friendly solution. Hence, there is strong need to utilize waste plastic. This creates a large quantity of garbage every day which is unhealthy and pollutes the environment. In present scenario solid waste management is a challenge in our country. The production of solid waste is increasing day to day and causes serious concerns to the environment. In this study, the recycled plastics are used in the concrete as a partial replacement of fine aggregate in concrete. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the mechanical properties of concrete such as workability, compressive, flexural and split tensile strengths of concrete mixes with partial replacement of conventional fine aggregate with aggregate produced from plastic waste. The use of plastic aggregate as replacement for fine aggregate enhances workability and fresh bulk density of concrete mixes. The mechanical properties of concrete such as compressive, flexural, and tensile strengths of concrete reduced marginally up to 10% replacement levels.
Steatite/Epoxy Composites for Restoration Works Through a Statistical Mixture Design Methodology
Authors: Alves Robinson Antonio Aparecido , Dos Santos Julio Cesar , Strecker Kurt , Panzera Tulio Hallak , Pereira Robson Bruno Dutra
Published: September 2021

Currently many works of art made of soapstone and recognized as cultural patrimony of humanity are in an advanced stage of degradation. Hence, it is necessary to interrupt this process and recover the deteriorated parts. Composite materials consisted of steatite particles and epoxy polymer are designed and characterised for their application in the repair of sculptures made of soapstone. The material applied in restorations should provide coloration and texture similar to soapstone besides structural requirements. The degree of similarity of the artificial material to the rock is enhanced by the proper selection of the particle size range and the increase of steatite incorporation in the composites. A statistical methodology based on the mixture design is used to optimize the relative amount of three particle size fractions of steatite particles in order to maximise the proportion of the dispersed phase in the composites. The maximum particle packing density (1.50 g/cm³) is obtained for a ternary mixture, composed of 62% of coarse particles (1.18 mm - 0.60 mm), 6% of medium sized particles (0.60 mm - 0.30 mm) and 32% of fine particles (0.30 mm - 0.15 mm). In this manner, the fabrication of composites based on an epoxy polymer matrix with 70wt% of incorporated steatite particles has been possible, increasing the maximum amount by 10% as used in previous works.
Retrofitting Steel Moment Frames by Using the Cable Bracing
Authors: Naghavi Mohammad
Published: September 2021

In this paper, the behavior of retrofitted steel moment frames with bracing has been investigated. Braces include double-channel cross brace, cross braces with cable and brace with two cables passed through a cylindrical steel sheath at the location of the cables. Nonlinear analysis of frames has been carried out under cyclic loading with increasing amplitudes. Comparison of numerical analysis results with laboratory data shows the accuracy of finite element models. By determining the hysteresis and plasticity behavior of the frames, advantages and disadvantages of each of the retrofitting methods have been examined. The results have shown the use of double channels and cables to retrofit the frame increases the initial hardness and final load of the frame considerably compared to the moment frames and reduces its ductility. In frame with sheathed cable brace, the initial hardness was the same with the moment frames and the frame has been shown to have ductile behavior.
Rutting Resistance of Asphalt Pavement Mixes by Finite Element Modelling and Optimisation
Authors: Ngo Chau Phuong , Nguyen Van Bac , Nguyen Thanh Phong , Pham Ngoc Bay , Le Van Phuc , Nguyen Van Hung
Published: September 2021

Asphalt pavement rutting is a major safety concern and is one of the main distress modes of asphalt pavement. Research into asphalt pavement mixes that provide strong resistance for rutting is considered of great significance as it can help provide extended pavement life and significant cost savings in pavement maintenance and rehabilitation. The objectives of this study are to develop numerical models to investigate the rutting of asphalt concrete pavements and to find optimal design of asphalt pavement mix for rutting resistance. Three-dimensional Finite Element models were first developed to simulate both the axial compression and wheel track testing in which a visco-elastic-plastic material model was used to predict the rutting of the asphalt concrete pavements. A strain hardening creep model with the material parameters developed from experimental testing was employed to model the time-dependent characteristics of the asphalt concrete pavements. The results were validated against the previous experimental wheel track test results of different pavement mixes. Finally, optimisation techniques using the Design Of Experiments method were applied to the simulation rutting results by varying creep parameters to identify their effects on rutting resistance in order to obtain an optimal asphalt pavements mixes. The results of this paper clearly demonstrate an efficient and effective experimental-numerical method and tool set towards optimal design for asphalt concrete pavements for rutting resistance.
Penerapan Ospf Routing, De-Militarized Zone, Dan Firewall Pada Mikrotik Routerboardtm Dinas Komunikasi Dan Informatika Depok
Authors: Dwiyatno Saleh , Putra Gunardi Wira , Krisnaningsih Erni
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengaplikasikan konfigurasi dari Routing, De-Militarized Zone dan Firewall pada alat jaringan MikroTik RouterBoard yang berada pada Dinas Komunikasi dan Informatika Depok dan membuat jalur data pada jaringan memiliki kinerja yang lebih baik. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode wawancara, observasi, dan studi literatur yang dimulai dengan wawancara kepada pegawai yang bekerja di divisi IT internal Dinas Komunikasi dan Informatika Depok dilanjutkan dengan observasi memantau tata letak jaringan internal baik yang sudah ada maupun yang akan dibangun, serta mencari hal-hal dalam literatur yang bisa diterapkan untuk membantu meningkatkan kinerja jarigan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah terbentuknya koneksi antar jaringan dalam topologi beserta suksesnya fungsi dari firewall dan bekerjanya rule untuk area DMZ. Keberhasilan dalam pengaplikasian diuji kembali dengan melakukan beberapa metode serangan yang akan ditanggulangi oleh konfigurasi yang telah diterapkan pada alat jaringan beserta server
Pengembangan Aplikasi Sms Gateway Untuk Meningkatkan Pelayanan Di Lingkungan Badan Penanaman Modal Dan Perizinan (Bpmp) Kota Bandar Lampung
Authors: Susianto Didi
Published: September 2021

Badan Penanaman Modal dan Perizinan (BPMP) merupakan salah satu Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah (SKPD) di Kota Bandar Lampung, yang memiliki dua tugas pokok yaitu Penanamam Modal dan Pelayanan Perizinan Terpadu Satu Pintu. BPMP kota Bandar Lampung mempunyai filosofi, yaitu bagaimana memberikan pelayanan perizinan terpadu yang cepat, murah, mudah, transparan, pasti dan terjangkau. Dengan demikian diharapkan melalui perizinan yang mudah akan mendorong investasi di daerah. Tahapan pembuatan program aplikasi SMS Gateway ini menggunakan Gammu sebagai tool penghubung antara device modem dengan komputer dan bahasa pemrograman yang digunakan untuk mengembangkan aplikasi SMS Gateway ini adalah PHP dan MySQL untuk mengolah database. Penerapan SMS Gateway untuk menunjang informasi pelayanan sangatlah efektif. Dengan SMS maka lebih mudah dan cepat dalam menyampaikan informasi. Adapun untuk tujuan penelitian adalah memudahkan petugas Badan Penanaman Modal dan Perizinan (BPMP) dalam memberikan informasi pelayanan kepada masyarakat dengan format SMS. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah aplikasi SMS Gateway sebagai sarana penunjang informasi pelayanan dengan memanfaatkan komputer sebagai alat bantu untuk mengakses data.
Critical thinking implementation in an English education course: Why is it so challenging?
Authors: Pravita Agnes Riska , Kuswandono Paulus
Published: September 2021

Critical thinking has been acknowledged essential in education field but there have been debates on unclear instruction in implementing critical thinking skill in the classroom. Due to the urgency on the needs of critical thinking skill cultivation, this research aims to investigate the implementation of critical thinking skill instructional strategies in Critical Reading and Writing I and the students� perception towards their critical thinking skill in CRW I. In order to attain the data, the researchers employed mixed-method. Observation sheet, interview guidelines, close-ended and open-ended questionnaires were utilized. The data of the close-ended questionnaire set in the Likert Scale distributed to 17 students was analyzed by measuring the central tendency or the mean and it indicates that the value of the students� perceived critical thinking skills is 3.89 (middle to high) in which the highest 4.18 is on interpretation skill and the lowest 3.71 is analysis skill. Meanwhile, for the open-ended questionnaire, the data was analyzed utilizing coding procedure. Further, in analyzing the data of the interview, the researchers recorded the data into transcripts and analyzed them utilizing selective coding and it reveals that the instructional strategies used are explicit instruction, teacher questioning and active and cooperative learning.
Steps towards a European Fiscal Union: Has the revised Stability and Growth Pact delivered so far?
Authors: Mileusnic Marin
Published: September 2021

Since 2008-09, the European Union (EU) experienced two major economic crises revealing all the flaws of the existing model of economic governance. By leaving the majority of the countries with high levels of deficit and public debt, the two crises have shown that the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) is indeed an unfinished project where the monetary union alone is not sufficient to safeguard the entire EU economy. To strengthen the EMU and to mitigate future risks that could possibly lead to the collapse of the euro-area, many called for a deeper fiscal integration by creating a central fiscal capacity for the EMU or, in other words, a fiscal union. Due to the present political unfeasibility of such an endeavour, however, concrete steps towards a European Fiscal Union (EFU) have been modest and the revised Stability and Growth Pact (SGP) remains its core building block. As the Pact defines supranational and shapes the creation of national fiscal rules, maintaining its credibility continues to be vital. This article analyses the effects of the fiscal rules on the public finances of the member states. It is assumed that by adhering to the supranational and adopting quality domestic fiscal rules, the member states are better equipped in remaining fiscally prudent, thus also affirming the revamped SGP as a solid base for the furthering of the EFU. The two-track evaluation approach defines dynamic panels for the EFU as a whole and for the selected country groups. It finds certain benevolent effects on budgetary performance at the EFU level, as well as for the countries with higher quality of the fiscal rules.
Umma Application: Digital Da'wah and the Young Generation in the Era of Disruption
Authors: Hopizal Hopizal , Fahrurrazi Fahrurrazi
Published: September 2021

Da'wah is not only done through social media such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and YouTube. However, preaching is done through free applications that are familiar today. This article tries to specifically examine the Umma Application as a medium for da'wah for young people who are developing significantly. The purpose of this article is to understand and dig deeper into the dakwah process carried out by young figures by uploading da'wah content from religious figures such as Ustad Abdul Somad, Ust Adi Hidayat, Aa Gym, and other figures in the umma application.  The method used by researchers in this article is a descriptive qualitative method with the Teun A Van Dijk model of discourse analysis technique, to analyze the religious content it conveys. The results of this study indicate that digital da'wah has a great influence on people's attitudes, perspectives, and behavior with an audio-visual da'wah model. Umma is a da'wah application that has a large enough user among young people creating a new virtual space to access knowledge. Da'wah through the umma application certainly has a major influence on the behavior, attitudes, and points of view of young people when watching videos and reading the uploaded images as a process of proselytizing in the umma application.
Zakat and Taxes in Islamic Overview: in terms of Benefit
Authors: Darvina Darvina , Kamaluddin Safrudin Halimy , Nur Muhammad Ridho
Published: September 2021

This article will discuss Zakat and taxes from an advantageous perspective. Zakat and taxes are two obligations that must be carried out by Muslims in Indonesia. This tax is charged to every citizen who should pay taxes, which are at first glance looks very contradicted to Islamic teachings. In Islamic teachings, groups of people are obliged to spend a small portion of their assets as Zakat, namely those who have been categorized as capable persons already having had Nishab to give Zakat. By conducting literature studies and a descriptive analysis approach, it is found that Zakat contains the hope of obtaining blessings, cleansing the soul, cultivating it with various virtues, and fostering cleanliness and benefits on the assets owned. Tax and Zakat possess the same purpose namely a source of funds to create a just and prosperous society by sustaining equitability between material and spiritual needs. Taxes are used to finance activities in the fields and sectors of development. The distribution of Zakat to Mustahik, especially the poor and needy people, is expected to support their economic life to help national economic growth.
Penggunaan Kartu Huruf Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Membaca Anak Disleksia
Authors: Muawwanah Uyu , Supena Asep
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah penggunaan media pembelajaran kartu huruf sebagai media yang digunakan pada anak disleksia yang mengalami kesulitan belajar membaca dan menulis. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif, dimana data yang dihasilkan dituangkan dalam suatu deskripsi yang menggambarkan hasil keseluruhan dari penelitian ini. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di salah satu Sekolah Dasar Peradaban di Kota Cilegon dengan subjek 1 siswa,. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa media pembelajaran kartu huruf dapat digunakan untuk siswa penderita disleksia yang identic dengan kesulitan belajar membaca dan menulis
Determinants of Indonesian MSME Exports and Their Performance during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Mercubuana University (Indonesia), Universitas Borobudur (Indonesia), Salim M. Noor , Susilastuti Darwati , Astuty Pudji
Published: September 2021

MSME proved resilient to crises, but its performance did not improve. Indonesian MSMEs when compared to other countries have low export competitiveness. The Covid-19 pandemic has weakened more than 50% of MSMEs. The research objectives are to analyze the simultaneous and partial effect of the rupiah against the US dollar exchange rate, the growth of MSME, investment, and bank credit on the export of MSME products; analyze the influence of MSME exports on GDP growth; and analyze the effect of MSME exports on employment; and to find out the export performance of MSME during the Covid-19 pandemic. Survey research with technical analysis of OLS Multiple Regression data on secondary data for the 2010-2020 quarter. Research results are: 1) Stability of the Rupiah/USD exchange rate, growth in the number of MSMEs, increased investment, and increased bank lending to the MSME sector as well as controlled inflation rates had a very significant impact on increasing exports of MSME products; 2) Exports of MSME products contribute greatly to GDP and have an impact on increasing people's per capita income; 3) The increasing export value of MSME products encourages MSME entrepreneurs to continue to increase their productivity so that this sector can absorb a significant workforce; 4) MSME's performance in the Covid-19 pandemic was shown by the decline in the value of exports and employment, but the number, investment, credit, and contribution to GDP continued to increase until the end of 2020.
Internal Conflict Displacement Galore in the Horn of Africa: Ethiopia on the Radar
Authors: Bentil Shadrack , Asekere George
Published: September 2021

Generally, the world has enjoyed relative peace and stability after the
Cold War in 1991, but never the end to insecurity, conflicts, and wars
(interstate and intrastate). One outcome of these insecurities is conflictinduced internal displacement. Though not new, its prevalence in recent
times has become a hurdle that countries and the international
community must reckon with. In fact, conflict-IDPs globally has received
about 215 percent hikes in the last two decades, while in Africa, the
increase is about 135 percent. However, the Horn of Africa is the hardest
hit. As such, the paper provides an overview of conflict displacement and
explores the conditions that sustains it, using Ethiopia as a unit of
analysis. The paper found several conditions: constitutional, socio-psycho-cultural, political, economic, and human rights abuse as critical
to conflict-IDPs deepening. The article further shows the trends of IDPs
and its security implications for Ethiopia. Pragmatic solutions have been
recommended accordingly.
Publication Bias and Evidential Value in Speech, Language, and Hearing Research
Authors: Alexander Jean , Green James A
Published: September 2021

Purpose: This research examined the evidential value of research in Speech, Language, and Hearing (SLH), and the extent to which there is publication bias in reported findings. We also looked at the prevalence of good research practices, including those that work to minimize publication bias.Method: We extracted statistical results from 51 articles reported in four meta-analyses. These were there analyzed with two recent tests for evidential value and publication bias —the p-curve and the Z-curve. These articles were also coded for pre-registration, data access statements, and whether they were replication studies. Results: P-curves were right-skewed indicating evidential value, ruling out selective reporting as the sole reason for the significant findings. The Z-curve similarly found evidential value but detected a relative absence of null results, suggesting there is some publication bias. No studies were pre-registered, no studies had a data access statement, and no studies were full replication studies (3 studies were partial replications).Conclusions: Findings indicate SLH research has evidential value. This means that decision-makers and clinicians can continue to rely on the SLH research evidence base to influence service and clinical decisions. However, the presence of publication bias means that meta-analytic estimates of effectiveness may be exaggerated. Thus, we encourage SLH researchers to engage in study pre-registration, make result data accessible, conduct replication studies, and document null findings.
How well can inaccurate sensors quantify and improve the performance of a fleet of on-site wastewater treatment plants?
Authors: Schneider Mariane Yvonne , Harada Hidenori , Villez Kris , Maurer Max
Published: September 2021

On-site wastewater treatment plants (OSTs) are widely seen as a stopgap solution, mainly because of a lack of monitoring and the resulting unreliable treatment performance. To address this concern, low maintenance, but inaccurate soft sensors are emerging. However, the impact of this inaccuracy on the treatment performance of entire fleets of OSTs has not been quantified. We develop a stochastic model to estimate these performances. In the modelled case soft sensors with a 70% accuracy improve the treatment performance from 66% (percentage of time functional) to 98%. Soft sensors optimised for specificity (true negative rate) improve the system performance, while such optimised for sensitivity (true positive rate) quantify the treatment performance more accurately. Based on this new insight we suggest to build two soft sensors with the same data input in practical settings: one soft sensor geared towards high specificity, for maintenance scheduling, and one geared towards high sensitivity, for fleet performance quantification. The findings suggest that inaccurate sensors in combination with an appropriate alarm management have the potential to largely improve the treatment performance of a fleet of OSTs. We present a management strategy to reduce undetected failures drastically and thereby diminish negative impacts on environmental and human health.
Testing for Audience Design: a short report
Authors: Pagmar David , Arvidsson Caroline , Uddén Julia
Published: September 2021

In this short report, we present the results from a novel test set-up, aiming to track the practice of Audience Design (AD) in the reference production of Swedish speaking 7 year olds. AD is the conduct of altering one's communicative signal with the receiver of the signal in mind, so that they can easily infer its intended meaning. The results show a distinctive group that does not adapt production in the same manner as in a practice trial prompt for a third party without shared frame of mind. While we controlled for the participant’s knowledge of the referential objects of the test, we did not control for the participants assumptions about the world knowledge of the different addresses, which might have altered the result.
Sibling Bullying in Turkish Adolescents: Translation and Cross-Cultural Validation of the Sibling Bullying Questionnaire
Authors: Deniz Emre , Derinalp Pelin , Gulkanat Ilayda , Kaz Cagla , Özhan Neslihan , Toseeb Umar
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The primary aim of this study was to translate the Sibling Bullying Questionnaire (SBQ) into Turkish and validate it. A secondary aim was to estimate the prevalence of sibling bullying in Turkish adolescents. Methods: The SBQ was forward and backwards translated by a team of English-Turkish bilinguals. Following this, self-report data were collected from Turkish adolescents (N=301) aged 10 to 18 years old (mean age=14.25 years, SD=2.46). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to confirm the factor structure of the newly translated Turkish SBQ (T-SBQ). Descriptive analyses were then conducted to report the characteristics of the sample and the prevalence of sibling bullying. Results: CFA confirmed the original two-factor structure of the T-SBQ indicating that a first-order correlated two-factor (victimisation and perpetration) model show the best model fit: x2=160.33 (p <.001), df=61, RMSEA=.07, CFI=.95 and TLI=.93. The T-SBQ also showed satisfactory levels of internal consistency in victimisation (α=.84) and perpetration (α=.83) subscales with excellent reliability for the overall test scale (α=.90). The convergent validity of the scale was also high as demonstrated by the inter-scale correlation coefficients between the T-SBQ and Revised Sibling Bullying Questionnaire (α=.79). In terms of sibling bullying prevalence, approximately half of the adolescents (51%) reported having been involved in some form of sibling bullying in the preceding six months, either as pure-victim (18%), pure-bully (3%) or bully-victim (30%).Conclusions: The T-SBQ is valid and reliable in measure sibling bullying in Turkish adolescents and sibling bullying is prevalent in the lives of Turkish adolescents.Keywords. Sibling bullying, prevalence Turkish questionnaire, translation, validation
Productivity of the crop rotation link with lupine with different methods of basic tillage
Authors: Isaeva Е. I. , Yagovenko G. L.
Published: September 2021

The current paper has considered the study results of the productivity of the lupine-winter wheat rotation link with different methods of basic tillage. The study was carried out on grey forest soil in the south-west of the Blackearth part of the Bryansk region on the basis of the stationary trial of the All-Russian Research Institute of Lupine in 2015–2018. The purpose of the study was to characterize the productivity of the lupine – winter wheat crop rotation link with differ[1]ent methods of basic tillage. The scheme of the trial included four variants of the main tillage during the cultivation of winter wheat and lupine in a four crop rotation sequences, namely winter wheat – naked oats – winter triticale – lupine. During the period of the study, the highest productivity of the lupine-winter wheat rotation link was identified in the case of moldboard plowing with chisel tillage once every four years for lupine and amounted to 5.2 t/ha of grain units. With this method of tillage, winter wheat and lupine showed high rates of yield and nutritional value. These indicators turned out to be energetically beneficial in terms of energy flow in the agroecosystem. The lowest rates of yield of the link was obtained in the option with subsurface plowing to a depth of 16 cm and amounted to 3.9 t/ha of grain units; the energy cost per ton of grain was 6.7 GJ. With the option with traditional moldboard plowing, the productivity of the crop rotation link was 4.5 t/ha of grain units, and the energy cost was 5.9 GJ per ton of grain. All the presented options of the main tillage in this crop rotation can be used on farms with different levels of economic development and farming culture.