bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DNA Nanodevices: From Mechanical Motions to Biomedical Applications
Authors: Wang Yiming , Wang Zhaoran , Wu Xiaohui , Liu Shaoli , Liu Fengsong , Jiang Qiao , Ding Baoquan
Published: November 2021

:

Inspired by molecular machines in nature, artificial nanodevices have been designed to
realize various biomedical functions. Self-assembled deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) nanostructures
that feature designed geometries, excellent spatial accuracy, nanoscale addressability, and marked
biocompatibility provide an attractive candidate for constructing dynamic nanodevices with biomarker-
targeting and stimuli-responsiveness for biomedical applications. Here, a summary of typical
construction strategies of DNA nanodevices and their operating mechanisms are presented. We
also introduced recent advances in employing DNA nanodevices as platforms for biosensing and intelligent
drug delivery. Finally, the broad prospects and main challenges of the DNA nanodevices
in biomedical applications are also discussed.
Effects of Flavonoids in Experimental Models of Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Atucha Noemi M. , Romecín Paola , Vargas Felix , García-Estañ Joaquin
Published: November 2021

:

Flavonoids are a class of substances of a vegetal origin with many interesting actions
from the point of view of human disease. Interest in flavonoids in the diet has increased in recent
years due to the publication of basic, clinical and epidemiological studies that have shown a whole
array of salutary effects related to intake of flavonols and flavones as well as a lower morbility and
mortality of cardiovascular diseases. Since arterial hypertension is the most common modifiable
risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, this review will focus mainly on the effects of flavonoids on
the cardiovascular system with relation to the elevation of blood pressure. Its antihypertensive effects
as well as the many investigations performed in experimental models of arterial hypertension,
are reviewed in this mini-review.
Medical Technology: A Systematic Review on Medical Devices Utilized for
Epilepsy Prediction and Management
Authors: Ong Jen Sze , Wong Shuet Nee , Arulsamy Alina , Watterson Jessica L. , Shaikh Mohd. Farooq
Published: November 2021

Background:

Epilepsy is a devastating neurological disorder that affects nearly 70 million
people worldwide. Epilepsy causes uncontrollable, unprovoked and unpredictable seizures that reduce
the quality of life of those afflicted, with 1-9 epileptic patient deaths per 1000 patients occurring annually
due to sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). Predicting the onset of seizures and managing
them may help patients from harming themselves and may improve their well-being. For a long
time, electroencephalography (EEG) devices have been the mainstay for seizure detection and monitoring.
This systematic review aimed to elucidate and critically evaluate the latest advancements in medical
devices, besides EEG, that have been proposed for the management and prediction of epileptic seizures.
A literature search was performed on three databases, PubMed, Scopus and EMBASE.

Methods:

Following title/abstract screening by two independent reviewers, 27 articles were selected
for critical analysis in this review.

Results:

These articles revealed ambulatory, non-invasive and wearable medical devices, such as
the in-ear EEG devices; the accelerometer-based devices and the subcutaneous implanted EEG devices
might be more acceptable than traditional EEG systems. In addition, extracerebral signalbased
devices may be more efficient than EEG-based systems, especially when combined with an
intervention trigger. Although further studies may still be required to improve and validate these
proposed systems before commercialization, these findings may give hope to epileptic patients, particularly
those with refractory epilepsy, to predict and manage their seizures.

Conclusion:

The use of medical devices for epilepsy may improve patients' independence and quality
of life and possibly prevent sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP).
Water-Mediated Green Synthesis of Benzimidazoles Using Pyruvic Acid: A Comparable Study of Ultra-sonication versus Conventional Heating
Authors: Deshmukh Santosh Rangnath , Nalkar Archana Subhash , Thopate Shankar Ramchandra
Published: November 2021

An efficient and green protocol has been introduced for the synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives using a pyruvic acid catalyst in the presence of water. Pyruvic acid catalyses the reaction of aromatic aldehydes with o-phenylenediamine efficiently, and products were obtained in good to excellent yields under sonication (50 oC) or under conventional heating (50 oC). The advantages of this synthetic methodology are the use of eco-friendly, commercially cheap, biodegradable catalyst, metal-free and Lewis acid-free mild reaction conditions with excellent yields, short reaction times, and compatible with a wide range of electronically diverse substrates. Pyruvic acid in water as a catalyst under ultrasound irradiation can be a better alternative to synthesize benzimidazole derivatives than some of the traditional methods.
Recent Progress in Chemical Modification of the Natural Polysaccharide Guar Gum
Authors: Kaur Simran , Santra Soumava
Published: November 2021

:

Guar gum (GG) is a natural heteropolysaccharide. Due to its non-toxic, eco-friendly, and biodegradable nature, GG has found wide applications in many areas, in particular food, paper, textile, petroleum, and pharmaceutical industries. Therefore, GG is often called “Black Gold” as well. Due to the presence of hydroxyl groups, GG can be modified by various methods. The physical and biological properties of GG can be modulated by chemical modifications. In this manuscript, various methods for the chemical modifications of GG have been discussed according to the type of modifications. Mechanistic insights have also been provided whenever possible. In addition, potential applications of new GG derivatives have also been briefly mentioned.
Individual Case Safety Reports Analysis for Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
on Insulin in Africa and the Middle East
Authors: Mlotshwa Charity R.N. , Burger Johanita R. , Vorster Martine , Rakumakoe Dorcas M. , Cockeran Marike
Published: November 2021

Background:

The growing numbers of patients with diabetes mellitus in Africa and the
Middle East on antidiabetic therapies necessitate an understanding of adverse event (AE) reporting
in these regions.

Objective:

The aim of the study was to provide an AE reporting overview in patients using insulin
in Africa and the Middle East by characterizing and comparing individual case safety reports (ICSRs)
features.

Method:

The cross-sectional study analyzed ICSR data from a global pharmaceutical company’s
pharmacovigilance database for January to December 2018 to describe and compare patient demographics,
report sources, reporter types, ICSR seriousness, suspect products, indication for insulin
use and AE preferred terms, by country

Results:

Overall 7076 ICSRs were analyzed, 63.6% from the Middle East. Most ICSRs were nonserious
(91.5%), from solicited sources (83.5%), and reported by consumers (70.7%). Patients from
the Middle East were, on average, 34.2 years of age, had gestational diabetes mellitus as indication
(64.3%), insulin detemir as suspect product (76.5%), and exposure during pregnancy as AE preferred
term (89.1%). Patients from Africa were 48.1 years old on average, a higher proportion of
type 2 diabetes mellitus was observed (52.2%), human insulin was the suspect product (51.6%),
and blood glucose increased the AE preferred term (23.1%). Few macrovascular and microvascular
complications were reported (< 1% in both regions). Associations between the region and patient
age, gender, report sources, reporter types, indications for insulin use, suspect products, and AE preferred
term were significant (p < 0.001).

Conclusion:

ICSRs features were region-specific and dependent on patient age, gender, report
sources, reporter types, suspect products, and AE preferred terms.
Detection and Reporting of Adverse Drug Reactions Related to Antibiotics
in Primary Healthcare in Greece
Authors: Toska Aikaterini , Geitona Mary , Latsou Dimitra , Saridi Maria
Published: November 2021

Background:

Detection of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is a challenging matter for
healthcare professionals who contribute significantly to the pharmacovigilance system through
their participation inspontaneous reporting.

Objective:

The objective of this study was the detection and reporting of ADRs related to antibiotics
in primary health care in the region of Peloponnese.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in all national health system primary health units
of the Peloponnese region in Greece. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to a total of
404 physicians who provided services in these settings. Descriptive and multivariate statistical analysis
was performed using the SPSS 25.0. Levels of significance were two-tailed and statistical significance
was set at p =0.05.

Results:

306 out of 404 physicians responded to the questionnaire, giving a response rate of
75.8%. 81.6% of physicians stated that they rarely observe ADRs related to antibiotic administration
during their practice, 49.8% rarely report them, and 33.7% never report them. Non-serious
side effects (42.5%), physicians’ workload (24.1%), and the lack of knowledge about the reporting
obligation (20.6%) have been declared as the main reasons of non - reporting. In addition, physicians
with ≤10 years of clinical practice rarely reported that they experienced ADRs after antibiotics’
administration compared to those with more work experience and specialized physicians (p=
0.001).

Conclusion:

ADRs reporting rates among physicians in primary healthcare are low. Changes in
physicians’ attitudes are vital and can be achieved through consistent and continuous training programs
as well as the inclusion of ADRs and pharmacovigilance themes into the tertiary education
curricula.
The Current Status of Sociopolitical and Legal Issues Faced by
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, and Questioning
Youth
Authors: Ramos Natalia , Burgess Alexis , Ollen Elizabeth
Published: November 2021

Background:

Adolescents today have unprecedented and uninterrupted
access to news and current events through broadcast and social media. Lesbian,
gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning (LGBTQ) adolescents may be
especially cognizant of media and public discourse pertaining to law and policy
changes affecting the legal rights of their communities. The minority stress
framework explains how sociopolitical discourse impacts mental health among
sexual and gender minority youths.

Objectives:

This paper identifies and describes contemporary sociopolitical and
legal issues that may impact LGBTQ adolescents’ mental health.

Methods:

Authors describe the minority stress framework as applied to gender and
sexual identity and explore key sociopolitical and legal topics relevant to LGBTQ
adolescents, including employment; medical care bans; health insurance coverage;
conversion therapy; religious exemptions in health care; housing rights; and rights
in schools and school districts, including participation in sports.

Results:

LGBTQ youth experience rejection, prejudice, and discrimination directly
through adverse legislative or administrative action and more pervasively through
the dominant cultural beliefs and sociopolitical messaging that such developments
manifest.

Conclusion:

Mental health clinicians who are aware of legal issues and
sociopolitical debate pertinent to LGBTQ rights are better prepared to address their
significant impact on LGBTQ adolescents’ mental health.
Motor learning on postural control using auditory biofeedback training
Authors: Hasegawa Naoya , Asaka Tadayoshi
Published: November 2021

Motor disorders are characterised by damage to the central nervous system, which subsequently affects muscles, motor skills and brain function. People with motor disorders can suffer injury as a result of falls and recovery from falls can be challenging. Augmented biofeedback modalities
is an important tool used in physical therapy, providing individuals with biofeedback that helps guide them through the therapy. Biofeedback modalities have been designed for most of our senses, including auditory, visual and haptic and advances in technology have meant that biofeedback therapy
can make use of wearable technology and future advances are expected to further assist. Therefore, it will be key to determine which biofeedback method works best for different training exercises and conditions in order to maximise the benefits of technological advances. Dr Naoya Hasegawa
and Professor Tadayoshi Asaka are investigating which biofeedback method works best for different therapies. Their goal is to understand the characteristics of sensory modalities used for biofeedback training in order to help physical therapists determine appropriate approaches for different
individuals. The researchers are currently investigating postural control with a view to defining the characteristics of postural control during walking and standing and developing new methods to enhance or improve it. This work involves the use of force plates, 3D motion analysis systems
and electromyograms.
Spinal Hydatid Disease of Cervico-Thoracic in Pregnant Women: A Case Report and Review
Authors: Naumov Denis G. , Vishnevskiy Arkadiy A. , Tkach Sergey G. , Avetisyan Armen O.
Published: November 2021

Background. Spinal hydatid disease is an extremely rare pathology that could leads to the serious orthopedics and neurological complications. Conservative antimicrobial therapy is not effective for spinal echinococcus. This case is unique for the next reasons: disease manifestation during pregnancy, a long period from a spine decompression to a reconstruction procedure and a technique of the surgery. Case description. A 27 year-old lady at 34 gestation weeks, previously operated on the urgent indications of paraplegia with neurogenic bladder dysfunction after 1 year and 10 months follow-up suffered vertebral column reconstruction due to recurrence of the cervico-thoracic hydatid disease, complicated by angular kyphosis. The echinococcus cyst had a closed contact with a right brachiocephalica vein, compressed the spinal canal and leads to three-column spine instability. Conclusion. Three-column spine reconstruction with anterior corpectomy, cystectomy and fusion provide resolution of the back pain syndrome, improve neurological status and achieve local control of the infectious process in patients with echinococcosis of the spine. In the postoperative period, staged therapy with antiparasitic drugs should be prescribe.
Терагерцовая спектроскопия магнитоэлектрика HoAl-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-(BO-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-)-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-
Authors: Кузьменко А.М. , Иванов В.Ю. , Тихановский А.Ю. , Пименов А.Г. , Шуваев А.М. , Гудим И.А. , Мухин А.А.
Published: November 2021

Experimental and theoretical study of submillimeter (terahertz) spectroscopic and magnetic properties of the rare-earth aluminum borate HoAl3(BO3)4 were performed at temperatures 3–300 K. In the transmittance spectra a number of resonance lines were detected at frequencies 2–35 cm–1 for different radiation polarizations. These modes were identified as transitions between the lower levels of the ground multiplet of the Ho3+ ion split by the crystal field, including both transitions from the ground state to the excited ones and transitions between the excited states. The established excitation conditions of the observed modes and the simulation of the spectra made it possible to separate the magnetic and electric dipole transitions and to determine the energies of the corresponding states, their symmetry, and the matrix elements of the transitions. Low-frequency lines that do not fit into the established picture of the electron states of Ho3+ were also found; these lines, apparently, correspond to the ions with the distorted by defects local symmetry of the crystal field.
Home-Based Exercise Program for Patients With Combined Advanced Chronic Cardiac and Pulmonary Diseases: Exploratory Study
Authors: Herkert Cyrille , Graat-Verboom Lidwien , Gilsing-Fernhout Judith , Schols Manon , Kemps Hareld Marijn Clemens
Published: November 2021

Background

As chronic cardiac and pulmonary diseases often coexist, there is a need for combined physical home-based rehabilitation programs, specifically addressing older patients with advanced disease stages.

Objective

The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the completion and adherence rates of an 8-week, home-based exercise program for patients with advanced cardiopulmonary disease. The secondary end points include patient satisfaction; adverse events; and program efficacy in terms of change in functional capacity, level of dyspnea, and health-related quality of life.

Methods

The participants received a goal-oriented, home-based exercise program, and they used a wrist-worn activity tracker to record their exercise sessions. Activity tracker data were made visible on a digital platform, which was also equipped with several other features such as short instruction videos on how to perform specific exercises. The participants received weekly coaching by a physiotherapist and an occupational therapist through video communication.

Results

In all, 10 patients with advanced combined cardiopulmonary disease participated (median age 71, IQR 63-75 years), and 50% (5/10) were men. Of the 10 participants, 9 (90%) completed the 8-week program. Median adherence to the exercise prescription was 75% (IQR 37%-88%), but it declined significantly when the program was divided into 2-week periods (first 2 weeks: 86%, IQR 51%-100%, and final 2 weeks: 57%, IQR 8%-75%; P=.03). The participants were highly satisfied with the program (Client Satisfaction Questionnaire: median score 29, IQR 26-32, and Purpose-Designed Questionnaire: median score 103, IQR 92-108); however, of the 9 participants, 4 (44%) experienced technical issues. The Patient-Specific Complaints Instrument scores declined, indicating functional improvement (from median 7.5, IQR 6.1-8.9, to median 5.7, IQR 3.8-6.7; P=.01). Other program efficacy metrics showed a trend toward improvement.

Conclusions

Home-based cardiopulmonary telerehabilitation for patients with severe combined cardiopulmonary disease is feasible in terms of high completion and satisfaction rates. Nevertheless, a decrease in adherence during the program was observed, and some of the participants reported difficulties with the technology, indicating the importance of the integration of behavior change techniques, using appropriate technology.

Trial Registration

Netherlands Trial Register NL9182; https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/9182
Sequential Data–Based Patient Similarity Framework for Patient Outcome Prediction: Algorithm Development
Authors: Wang Ni , Wang Muyu , Zhou Yang , Liu Honglei , Wei Lan , Fei Xiaolu , Chen Hui
Published: November 2021

Background

Sequential information in electronic medical records is valuable and helpful for patient outcome prediction but is rarely used for patient similarity measurement because of its unevenness, irregularity, and heterogeneity.

Objective

We aimed to develop a patient similarity framework for patient outcome prediction that makes use of sequential and cross-sectional information in electronic medical record systems.

Methods

Sequence similarity was calculated from timestamped event sequences using edit distance, and trend similarity was calculated from time series using dynamic time warping and Haar decomposition. We also extracted cross-sectional information, namely, demographic, laboratory test, and radiological report data, for additional similarity calculations. We validated the effectiveness of the framework by constructing k–nearest neighbors classifiers to predict mortality and readmission for acute myocardial infarction patients, using data from (1) a public data set and (2) a private data set, at 3 time points—at admission, on Day 7, and at discharge—to provide early warning patient outcomes. We also constructed state-of-the-art Euclidean-distance k–nearest neighbor, logistic regression, random forest, long short-term memory network, and recurrent neural network models, which were used for comparison.

Results

With all available information during a hospitalization episode, predictive models using the similarity model outperformed baseline models based on both public and private data sets. For mortality predictions, all models except for the logistic regression model showed improved performances over time. There were no such increasing trends in predictive performances for readmission predictions. The random forest and logistic regression models performed best for mortality and readmission predictions, respectively, when using information from the first week after admission.

Conclusions

For patient outcome predictions, the patient similarity framework facilitated sequential similarity calculations for uneven electronic medical record data and helped improve predictive performance.
Usefulness of a drug information resources website (SAGASU-DI), created based on inquiries to clinical pharmacists (Preprint)
Authors: Iwamoto Takuya , Murasaka Toshiki , Kato Hideo , Sudo Hirofumi
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND

The use of drug information is increasing as the role of pharmacists expands. However, pharmacists spend a huge amount of time collecting drug information, and there has not been any drug information resource website that aims to improve the efficiency of community pharmacists with regards to drug information (DI) operations.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the drug information resources website (SAGASU-DI).

METHODS

SAGASU-DI articles were created based on inquiries to clinical pharmacists. The usage statistics of the SAGASU-DI were monitored using Google Analytics between May and July 2021. In addition, a pop-up questionnaire was used to evaluate the usefulness of the SAGASU-DI in answering the questions of viewers.

RESULTS

Statistics showed that our website had 25,447 users and 33,000 page views, with 29 seconds on average. Visitors accessed the website through desktop (51.9%) and mobile (44.3%) systems. Community pharmacists accounted for 40.2% of the visitors. The pop-up questionnaire showed that 23.2% of the viewers were satisfied with our website, and 1.5% of the viewers were not. Although 65.1% of the viewers refused to answer the questionnaire, the average percentage of viewers who were satisfied with the site was 94.1%.

CONCLUSIONS

The SAGASU-DI was found to be a valuable resource website for DI services, mainly for community pharmacists.
A Deep Residual U-Net Algorithm for Automatic Detection and Quantification of Ascites on Abdominopelvic Computed Tomography Images Acquired in the Emergency Department: Model Development and Validation (Preprint)
Authors: Ko Hoon , Huh Jimi , Kim Kyung Won , Chung Heewon , Ko Yousun , Kim Jai Keun , Lee Jei Hee , Lee Jinseok
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND

Detection and quantification of intra-abdominal free fluid (ie, ascites) on computed tomography (CT) images are essential processes for finding emergent or urgent conditions in patients. In an emergency department, automatic detection and quantification of ascites will be beneficial.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm for the automatic detection and quantification of ascites simultaneously using a single deep learning model (DLM).

METHODS

We developed 2D DLMs based on deep residual U-Net, U-Net, bidirectional U-Net, and recurrent residual U-Net (R2U-Net) algorithms to segment areas of ascites on abdominopelvic CT images. Based on segmentation results, the DLMs detected ascites by classifying CT images into ascites images and nonascites images. The AI algorithms were trained using 6337 CT images from 160 subjects (80 with ascites and 80 without ascites) and tested using 1635 CT images from 40 subjects (20 with ascites and 20 without ascites). The performance of the AI algorithms was evaluated for diagnostic accuracy of ascites detection and for segmentation accuracy of ascites areas. Of these DLMs, we proposed an AI algorithm with the best performance.

RESULTS

The segmentation accuracy was the highest for the deep residual U-Net model with a mean intersection over union (mIoU) value of 0.87, followed by U-Net, bidirectional U-Net, and R2U-Net models (mIoU values of 0.80, 0.77, and 0.67, respectively). The detection accuracy was the highest for the deep residual U-Net model (0.96), followed by U-Net, bidirectional U-Net, and R2U-Net models (0.90, 0.88, and 0.82, respectively). The deep residual U-Net model also achieved high sensitivity (0.96) and high specificity (0.96).

CONCLUSIONS

We propose a deep residual U-Net–based AI algorithm for automatic detection and quantification of ascites on abdominopelvic CT scans, which provides excellent performance.
Comparison Between Erector Spinae Plane Block and Spinal Block as Regional Anesthesia for Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Tantri Irma Lusiana , Pryambodho Pryambodho , Sukmono Raden Besthadi , Birowo Ponco
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND

Erector spinae plane block (ESP) block is a novel interfacial block with a high margin of safety and highly effective for providing postoperative analgesia in Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Combined with sedation, it may provide adequate surgical anesthesia with various advantages for PCNL procedure.

OBJECTIVE

The aim is to compare the effectiveness of ESP and subarachnoid block based on its conversion to a general anesthesia, interleukin-6 levels, postoperative pain, and opioid consumption in patients undergoing PCNL surgery.

METHODS

This is a randomized controlled trial on patients undergoing elective PCNL. All informed consent were obtained prior to the procedure. Patients were categorized into either ESP group or spinal group (1:1 ratio) with minimum sample size of 26 subjects in each arm using random allocation sampling. All patients were sedated using TCI propofol prior to receiving ultrasound-guided ESP block or spinal block. Sedation was maintained throughout the procedure. Sensory loss was evaluated by performing skin clamping at level of the incision before the surgery.

RESULTS

A total of 19 patients have been included in the study (7 ESP and 12 spinal subjects). A pilot study regarding its feasibility has been going as per February 2021. Primary results based on the pilot study are expected to be available by the early of 2022.

CONCLUSIONS

The randomized controlled trial is designed to provide high-quality evidence on comparison of effectiveness between erector spinae plane (ESP) block and spinal block as regional anaesthesia for percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04947072
COMPLICAÇÕES ASSOCIADAS AO PREENCHIMENTO FACIAL COM ÁCIDO HIALURÔNICO: uma revisão da literatura
Authors: Teixeira Anne Karoline Custódio , Niza Nára Gabriela do Nascimento , Gonçalves Noelhia dos Santos , Silva Thamires Santos , Reis Gabriel Nunes Pereira , Rocha Marcone de Oliveira
Published: November 2021

Objective: To review the literature on complications associated with facial filling with hyaluronic acid. Materials and Methods: This study consisted of a literature review based on national and international databases such as: PubMed and SciELO. Results and Discussion: 14 studies were selected, where the existence of several complications related to the use of hyaluronic acid can be observed, early side effects can occur, which are those that appear soon after application and persist for around 15 days and can also late side effects occur. Conclusions: Despite all the safety of the filling technique with hyaluronic acid, complications can occur, requiring the professional to be able to intervene in these situations.
Antecedentes y perspectivas de algunas enfermedades prioritarias que afectan a la ganadería bovina en México
Authors: Rojas Martínez Carmen , Loza Rubio Elizabeth , Rodríguez Camarillo Sergio Dario , Figueroa Millán Julio Vicente , Aguilar Romero Francisco , Lagunes Quintanilla Rodolfo Esteban , Morales Álvarez José Francisco , Santillán Flores Marco Antonio , Socci Escatell Guadalupe Asunción , Álvarez Martínez Jesús Antonio
Published: November 2021

La revisión se enfocó en presentar de manera concisa las aportaciones que investigadores del INIFAP, han desarrollado directamente o en colaboración con investigadores de otras instituciones sobre diferentes aspectos de las enfermedades que afectan a la ganadería bovina en México. Se describen investigaciones sobre enfermedades virales como la rabia y la diarrea viral bovina; bacterianas como la anaplasmosis, brucelosis, tuberculosis, paratuberculosis, leptospirosis y enfermedad respiratoria bovina; de las enfermedades parasitarias se incluye a la infestación por garrapatas y a la babesiosis. Se identifican posibles líneas de investigación que pueden coadyuvar a mitigar el impacto de las enfermedades en la producción. Se señalan aportes sobre el desarrollo o adaptación de técnicas diagnósticas de tipo serológico y molecular y se considera el diagnóstico de resistencia a los ixodicidas. Además, se indican parámetros epidemiológicos de las enfermedades y se refieren los biológicos generados que comprenden vacuna contra rabia, anaplasmosis y babesiosis; bacterina contra leptospirosis y una bacterina-toxoide contra neumonías. Asimismo, se comentan las evaluaciones del uso de BCG contra tuberculosis y una vacuna de nueva generación contra la brucelosis. En la revisión se concluye que la investigación del INIFAP en salud animal debe forzosamente tener como perspectiva las ciencias ómicas. Solo así se complementará el entendimiento de los mecanismos de las enfermedades, el desarrollo de nuevas técnicas diagnósticas y el diseño de vacunas efectivas y seguras. De modo que el gran reto será el involucramiento del área de salud animal al concepto de "Una Salud".
Legal Thinking in the Interwar Latvian Senate
Authors: Apse Diāna
Published: November 2021

In this article, the author researches and analyses the legal thinking created by Senators A. Lēbers and M. Čakste, aspects of interdisciplinary interaction of subsidiary sources and branches of law in the interwar Latvian Senate. The findings made by the senators of interwar Latvia (in the capacity of rapporteurs on a case, members of the court’s composition) help to explore the historical events and the legal culture of the respective age by reading the primary sources. In the conditions of contemporary legal system, the described cases and legal institutions mostly have similar regulation and could be useful for the development of the case law on the respective matter. Interaction of subsidiary sources, in particular, the used findings of the doctrine build bridges across ages and promote the continuity of uniform case law and understanding of law. The range of resolved legal matters pertained to a broad area of law – branches of law, interdisciplinary aspects of the legal system. The scientific contribution by Senators A. Lēbers and M. Čakste is universal and significant in the context of European and global thinking. Notwithstanding the circumstances, they remained loyal to democratic Latvia.
Reestructuración neoliberal, migración a Estados Unidos y reorganización familiar en una zona cafetalera del centro de México
Authors: D´Aubeterre Buznego María Eugenia
Published: November 2021

A finales de los 70 ya se advierten en México el desgaste del modelo de desarrollo estabilizador y signos de un proceso de desarticulación de la agricultura derivado de la aplicación de políticas de liberalización y desregulación. Estos cambios fueron parte de la reorientación de la economía mexicana hacia el exterior lo que implicó, entre otras medidas, una profunda reestructuración del sector agropecuario. En este contexto las actividades agrícolas fueron perdiendo centralidad en las economías de los hogares de pequeños productores rurales y se acentuó la pluriactividad como estrategia compensatoria.Este trabajo muestra cómo estas tendencias cristalizan en las vidas de las familias rurales de una zona de añeja vocación agrícola en la sierra norte de Puebla, en el centro de México. Documenta procesos de proletarización que han tenido como trasfondo el desmantelamiento de marcos reguladores, apropiación de habilidades y disposiciones sedimentadas en las relaciones de género y parentesco preexistentes que, vía la transferencia de mano de obra barata, apuntalan la economía estadounidense. Mediante el recurso metodológico de una tipología que atiende a las transiciones en el ciclo demográfico de los hogares, se relevan las características de formaciones domésticas aun ligadas a la producción agrícola en la localidad de estudio; se muestra, en particular, el potenciado protagonismo de las mujeres en esas formaciones cuya dinámica revela ajustes realizados en el proceso de la reproducción de una mano de obra transnacional.
Aporte de la geografía al análisis de la gestión de crisis
Authors: ROBERT Jérémy
Published: November 2021

Resumen de articulo (en español): Las crisis en el medio urbano representan un desafío mayor para las sociedades contemporáneas. Al cuestionar los esquemas de pensamiento y los modos de respuestas, estas recuerdan constantemente la necesidad de producción de conocimientos. Tratada por numerosas disciplinas en ciencias sociales, la gestión de las crisis ha sido abordada rara vez  por los geógrafos, aún cuando las dimensiones espaciales y territoriales de las crisis son innegables. Dentro de este contexto, el artículo propone fijar los hitos de una geografía de la gestión de crisis. Luego de una presentación de las especificidades de las crisis en el medio urbano, este rastrea los diferentes acercamientos de la cuestión dados por los geógrafos y propone un enfoque original que aborda frontalmente las dimensiones espaciales y territoriales del manejo de las situaciones de crisis. La reflexión se apoya en gran parte sobre el trabajo de tesis realizado en Lima en 2008 y 2012, que propone una geografía de la gestión de crisis a partir de la accesibilidad a los cuidados de la salud en situación de emergencia y de la vulnerabilidad del territorio (Robert, 2012).
Migración rural a Canadá en México
Authors: SEPULVEDA GONZALEZ IBIS
Published: November 2021

Migrar al Norte se presenta como la opción ante la pobreza rural, el desempleo y la violencia. Mediante el Programa de Trabajadores Agrícolas Temporales (PTAT) México brinda fuerza de trabajo a Canadá en las can-tidades y con los estándares de calificación que necesita para mantener su producción e incrementar su com-petitividad en el mercado mundial. Recibe poco a cambio: en 2010 mientras Canadá obtuvo de su agricultura más de 21.000 millones de dólares canadienses (CAD) atribuidos en gran medida al PTAT, México recibió remesas por 50 millones (0,24%). Actualmente Canadá contrata trabajadores temporales de cualquier parte del mundo. Para competir, el gobierno mexicano capacita más a los migrantes y negoció que paguen por agua, gas y electricidad. Los jornaleros no saben si al año siguiente serán llamados. En caso favorable, se enfrentan a condiciones de vida y trabajo que distan de ser adecuadas. Regresan con ahorros que serían imposibles en México, pero sus opciones de invertirlos productivamente son muy limitadas, pues comen de allí en la tempora-da intermigratoria. Desean invertir en microempresas, pero requieren recursos adicionales. Estamos trabajan-do para apoyarlos en organización y creación de pequeños negocios a contracorriente.
Yu.M. Fedorov’s ethics as part of the Tyumen ethical and philosophical research tradition (in the context of modern times)
Authors:   Tyumen State University, Maltsev Yaroslav
Published: November 2021

Introduction. In the Russian philosophical tradition, domestic philosophical concepts are rather poorly considered at the moment. In fact, there is no coverage of regional specific features: the problems that worried and united Russian philosophers within the boundaries of one or another temporalterritorial locality. The purpose of the article is to consider the views of the Tyumen philosopher-ethicist Yuri Mikhailovich Fedorov in the context of their relevance at present and in the context of a continuous research tradition. Methods. The author proceeds from the methods of hermeneutics, which are obligatory in this case, and also uses L. Laudan’s theory of research traditions, M. Foucault’s optics and the concept of permanent modernity. Scientific novelty of the research. The author clarifies Yu.M. Fedorov’s views through the specified methodology, considering his works in the context of a continuing philosophical tradition, with a special emphasis on the methods of subjectification. Results and conclusions. Taking into consideration the results of analytical reading of Yu.M. Fedorov’s key work “Universe of Morality”, it is concluded that the author’s concept, which combines the features of idealism, cosmism, structuralism, semiotics and existentialism, with some reservations (indicated in the article), suggests an adequate model of subjectification for a person of the XXI century.
Non-institutional humanities, philosophical practice, informal education: the contours of the educational creative industry
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technological University, Shalagina Gulnara
Published: November 2021

Introduction. Non-institutional humanities, philosophical practice, and informal education are “a family like” phenomena that are outside the social institution of science and education and are adjacent to socio-cultural activities and social work. The purpose of the article is to outline the contours of the informal educational creative industry in the postmodern society, which combines non-institutional humanities, philosophical practice, and informal education. Methods. The author uses the methods of autobiographical reflection, comparative analysis, empirical observation and analysis of the primary sources of non-institutional humanities. Scientific novelty of the research. The transition to nonmaterial work of the postmodern era is the reason for the relevance of the area under study. The growing demand of a contemporary for such issues as the meaning of life, happiness, the growth of the precariat, the ousting of philosophy from formal education constitute a new social reality that determines the novelty of the research in the informal educational creative industry. Results. The author classifies non-institutional humanities according to the spheres of its existence and the strategies of subject genesis presented in the teachings. The concept of dedifferentiation is considered as an explanation of the area under study in postmodernism. The specificity of the philosophical approach in the work of a practicing philosopher is considered. Conclusions. The author connects the prospects of the informal educational creative industry with institutionalization in the way of leisure, entertainment, and other personal services. The author makes conclusions about the differences between formal and informal education, and indicates the risks and opportunities for the development of the informal philosophical sector.
GC-MS-based metabolomics for the detection of adulteration in oregano samples
Authors: Ivanovic Stefan , Mandrone Manuela , Simic Katarina , Ristic Mirjana , Todosijevic Marina , Mandic Boris , Godjevac Dejan
Published: November 2021

Oregano is one of the most used culinary herb and it is often adulterated with cheaper plants. In this study, GC?MS was used for identification and quantification of metabolites from 104 samples of oregano (Origanum vulgare and O. onites) adulterated with olive (Olea europaea), venetian sumac (Cotinus coggygria) and myrtle (Myrtus communis) leaves, at five different concentration levels. The metabolomics profiles obtained after the two-step derivatization, involving methoxyamination and silanization, were subjected to multivariate data analysis to reveal markers of adulteration and to build the regression models on the basis of the oregano-to-adulterants mixing ratio. Orthogonal partial least squares enabled detection of oregano adulterations with olive, Venetian sumac and myrtle leaves. Sorbitol levels distinguished oregano samples adulterated with olive leaves, while shikimic and quinic acids were recognized as discrimination factor for adulteration of oregano with venetian sumac. Fructose and quinic acid levels correlated with oregano adulteration with myrtle. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis enabled discrimination of O. vulgare and O. onites samples, where catechollactate was found to be discriminating metabolite.
Significance of infrared spectroscopic branching factor for investigation of structural characteristics of alkanes, geochemical properties and viscosity of oils
Authors: Stevanovic Jelena , Rakitin Anton , Kojic Ivan , Vukovic Nikola , Stojanovic Ksenija
Published: November 2021

A detailed investigation of significance of the infrared (IR) spectroscopic branching factor (??2/??3; the ratio of methylene and methyl group peak heights at 2917?2921 and 2951?2954 cm-1, respectively in the IR spectra) for characterization of alkane structure, geochemical properties and viscosity of 76 oil samples was performed. These oils, originating from 13 Serbian oil fields in SE Pannonian Basin, differ according to source and depositional environment of organic matter (OM), as well as by thermal maturity and biodegradation stage. Methylene and methyl asymmetric stretching peak absorbances were used for the branching factor calculation. CH2 peak positions exhibited 3?4 cm-1 red shift with increasing the CH2/CH3 ratio, due to a greater contribution of trans vs. gauche rotamers in aliphatic chains. Comparing IR spectra of the oils and model n-alkanes, it was established that the average (CH2)n methylene chain length per ??3 group varied from n = 3.5 to 6.5. The CH2/CH3 ratio showed significant concordance with geochemical parameters, enabling clear distinction of the oils according to source and depositional environment of OM. At the same time, dependence of the CH2/CH3 ratio on oil maturity in the range from immature to mature was not observed, allowing for an accurate determination of oil genetic types irrespective of maturity. The CH2/CH3 ratio showed good accordance with oil biodegradation scale and oil viscosity.
Do Firms Redact Information from Material Contracts to Conceal Bad News?
Authors: Bao Dichu , Kim Yongtae , Su Lixin (Nancy)
Published: November 2021

The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) allows firms to redact information from material contracts by submitting confidential treatment requests if redacted information is not material and would cause competitive harm upon public disclosure. This study examines whether managers use confidential treatment requests to conceal bad news. We show that confidential treatment requests are positively associated with residual short interest, a proxy for managers' private negative information. This positive association is more pronounced for firms with lower litigation risk, higher executive equity incentives, and lower external monitoring. Confidential treatment requests filed by firms with higher residual short interests are associated with higher stock price crash risk and poorer future performance. Collectively, our results suggest that managers redact information from material contracts to conceal bad news.

Data Availability: Data used in this study are available from public sources identified in the study.
The Exercise-induced Improvement in Insulin-stimulated Glucose Uptake by Rat Skeletal Muscle Is Absent in Male AS160-Knockout Rats, Partially Restored by Muscle Expression of Phosphomutated AS160, and Fully Restored by Muscle Expression of Wildtype AS160
Authors: Zheng Amy , Arias Edward B. , Wang Haiyan , Kwak Seong Eun , Pan Xiufang , Duan Dongsheng , Cartee Gregory D.
Published: November 2021

One exercise session can elevate insulin-stimulated glucose uptake
(ISGU) in skeletal muscle, but the mechanisms remain elusive. Circumstantial evidence
suggests a role for Akt substrate of 160 kDa (AS160 or TBC1D4). We used genetic
approaches to rigorously test this idea. The initial experiment evaluated
AS160’s role for the postexercise increase in ISGU using muscles from male wildtype
(WT) and AS160-knockout (AS160-KO) rats. The next experiment used AS160-KO rats
with an adeno-associated virus (AAV) approach to determine if rescuing muscle AS160
deficiency could restore exercise’s ability to improve ISGU. The third
experiment tested if eliminating the muscle GLUT4 deficit in AS160-KO rats via
AAV-delivered GLUT4 would enable postexercise enhancement of ISGU. The final
experiment employed AS160-KO rats and AAV-delivery of AS160 mutated to prevent
phosphorylation of Ser588, Thr642, and Ser704 to evaluate their role in
postexercise ISGU. We discovered: 1) AS160 expression was essential for
postexercise increase in ISGU; 2) rescuing muscle AS160 expression of AS160-KO
rats restored postexercise enhancement of ISGU; 3) restoring GLUT4 expression
in AS160-KO muscle did not rescue the postexercise increase in ISGU; and 4) although
AS160 phosphorylation on 3 key sites was not required for postexercise
elevation in ISGU, it was essential for the full-exercise effect.
Identifikasi Ketunaan Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus dengan Algoritma Iterative Dichotomiser 3 (ID3)
Authors: Hafidh Fathul , Kurniawan Mirza Yogy , Yazidah Anwar Rezky Izzatul
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Disability Identification of Children with Special Needs Using An Iterative Dichotomiser 3 Algorithm (ID3). By using the identification of children with special needs, information about children having abnormalities will be collected, and the results are used as the basis for preparing the child's learning program. Identifying disabilities process requires instruments classifying the issues and the disorders. The current disability identification process is extremely complicated, where the average number of instruments made by schools/institutions is 100 pieces. The complexity can also be observed in the presence of similar items as well as some of the same items on different disabilities. The process can be accelerated by doing data mining. One of its models is Iterative Dichotomiser (ID3) that can solve problems by generating a decision tree. This research implemented ID3 model to 152 symptoms as attribute, 11 labels, and 84 data. This model had 91.81% accuracy with cross-validation test. Decision tree generated by this model can make disabilities identification easier. Keywords: Children with Special Needs, Identification, Iterative Dichotomiser (ID3)Abstrak. Dengan adanya Identifikasi Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus akan terhimpun informasi apakah seorang anak mempunyai kelainan kemudian hasilnya dijadikan dasar penyusunan program pembelajaran anak tersebut. Proses identifikasi ketunaan memerlukan instrumen-instrumen dimana dari instrumen tersebut dapat diklasifikasikan sehingga dapat diketahui kecenderungan dari penyimpangan atau kelainan yang dimiliki. Proses identifikasi ketunaan saat ini sangat rumit dimana ratarata jumlah butir instrumen yang dibuat sekolah/lembaga sebanyak 100 buah. Kerumitan juga dapat dilihat dengan adanya butir yang mirip pada ketunaan yang berbeda. Proses ini dapat dipermudah dengan melakukan data mining. Salah satu modelnya adalah Iterative Dichotomiser 3(ID3) yang dapat menyelesaikan masalah dengan menghasilkan pohon keputusan. Dari total instrumen sebanyak 152 Gejala dan data set identifikasi sebanyak 84 ABK, dihasilkan node dari pohon keputusan sebanyak 11 rule. Klasifikasi metode ID3 telah diuji dengan cross-validation dan mendapatkan akurasi sebesar 91.81%. Hasil Pohon keputusan dari metode ID3 memudahkan dalam memprediksi identifikasi ketunaan pada ABK.Kata Kunci: Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus, Identifikasi, Iterative Dichotomiser (ID3)