bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Making and disputing jeopardy assessments: An administrative law perspective
Authors: De Lange S
Published: June 2022

The South African Revenue Service (“SARS”) is authorised by section 94(1) of the Tax Administration Act 28 of 2011 (“TAA”) to make a jeopardy assessment in advance of the date on which the return is normally due, if the Commissioner for the SARS is satisfied that it is required to secure the collection of tax that would otherwise be in jeopardy. As making a jeopardy assessment amounts to “administrative action” as defined in the Promotion of Administrative Justice Act 3 of 2000 (“PAJA”), it must meet the administrative justice requirements of lawfulness, reasonableness and procedural fairness as provided for in section 33 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, read together with PAJA. This article analyses what is required of SARS when making a jeopardy assessment to meet these administrative justice requirements. However, should an aggrieved taxpayer not be satisfied with the making of a jeopardy assessment, the remedies which are available to the taxpayer to dispute a jeopardy assessment should be determined. Therefore, this article also sets out the various ways in which an aggrieved taxpayer can dispute a jeopardy assessment with reference to objection and appeal as provided for in the TAA, the special statutory review provided for in the TAA (which specifically allows that an application to review a jeopardy assessment may be made to the High Court on the grounds that its amount is excessive or circumstances that justify a jeopardy assessment do not exist), and the more general PAJA review process.
Regspraak: The escape rule and the ownership of enclosed wild animals in English and South African law
Authors: Freedman W
Published: June 2022

Die eiendomsreg op wilde diere word deur ’n aantal ongewone regsreëls beheer. Een van die reëls staan bekend as die ontsnappingsreël. Hierdie reël bepaal dat ’n persoon eiendomsreg op ’n wilde dier verloor wanneer sy fisiese beheer oor daardie dier tot ’n einde kom. Dit is nie verbasend dat die ontsnappingsreël tot ingewikkelde en moeilike vrae aanleiding gee nie, veral waar ’n wilde dier in ’n groot omheinde area – soos ’n veiligheidsomheinde wildreservaat – vrygelaat word. Een van die vrae is of die eienaar sy fisiese beheer oor ’n wilde dier verloor wanneer dit in ’n omheinde area vrygelaat word wat só groot is dat die wilde dier uit sig kan verdwyn en vrylik rondloop. Nog ’n vraag is of die eienaar fisiese beheer oor ’n wilde dier verloor wanneer dit binne die omheinde gebied bly, maar die eienaar nie meer die gebied besit nie, of nie meer toegang tot die gebied het nie. Beide hierdie vrae is aangespreek deur die Engelse appèlhof in Borwick Development Solutions Ltd v Clear Water Fisheries Ltd (2020 3 WLR 755 (CA (Civ Div))) en die Suid-Afrikaanse hoogste hof van appèl in Mathenjwa NO v Magudu Game Co (Pty) Ltd (2010 2 SA 26 (HHA)). Die doel van hierdie bydrae is om te argumenteer dat alhoewel die benadering wat in die Borwicksaak gevolg is meer in lyn is met die onderliggende algemene regsbeginsels van die fisiese beheerelement van besit, is die benadering wat in die Mathenjwa-saak gevolg is meer in ooreenstemming met die beleidsoorwegings onderliggend aan die ontsnappingsreël en derhalwe verkieslik binne die Suid-Afrikaanse konteks.
The proper test for appealability
Authors: Du Plessis Q
Published: June 2022

In die Suid-Afrikaanse reg is nie elke hofbevel appelleerbaar nie. Sedert Zweni v Minister of Law and Order was die toets dat ’n bevel finale effek moet hê, dat dit finaal moet wees ten opsigte van die regte van die partye en dat dit minstens ’n aansienlike gedeelte van die geëiste regshulp moet afhandel. Boonop moet verlof tot appèl toegestaan word. Onlangs is die Zweni- dictum wel afgewater en vervang deur ’n samevattende toets met ’n oënskynlik grondwetlike herkoms, naamlik of dit in die belang van geregtigheid is om die appèl aan te hoor al dan nie. In hierdie artikel analiseer ek die belang van die geregtigheidstoets. In die eerste plek kritiseer ek die onderskeid wat getref word tussen enersyds appelleerbaarheid en andersyds verlof tot appèl. Aangesien verlof tot appèl net toegestaan mag word as die bevel appelleerbaar is, en ’n bevel nie appelleerbaar kan wees as verlof tot appèl nie toegestaan moes word nie, volg dit dat geen onderskeid getref behoort te word tussen die twee toetse nie. In die tweede plek argumenteer ek dat die belang van geregtigheid slegs die toets vir appelleerbaarheid na die konstitusionele hof behoort te wees en nie ook vir ’n beroep op enige ander hoër hof nie. Eerstens is dit omdat die toets verkry is uit artikel 167(6) van die grondwet, wat die standaard vir appelleerbaarheid na die konstitusionele hof definieer, maar nie na beroep na enige ander hoër howe verwys nie. ’n Bevinding dat die belang van geregtigheid die regte toets vir appelleerbaarheid vir ander howe ook is, is dus in stryd met die spreuk expressio unius est exclusio alterius. Tweedens volg dit omdat die dicta tot die teendeel wat die hoogste hof van appèl in S v Western Areas en Philani-Ma- Afrika v Mailula geopper het, obiter is. Steun op daardie sake as gesag vir die beginsel dat die belang van geregtigheid die toets vir appelleerbaarheid na ander howe as die konstitusionele hof is, is dus per incuriam. In die derde plek argumenteer ek dat artikel 17(1) van die Wet op Hoër Howe, 2013 die regte toets vir appelleerbaarheid na alle howe anders as die konstitusionele hof uiteensit. Dit is so omdat artikel 17(1) die minimum vereistes vir verlof tot appèl definieer. Enige hofbevel wat nie appelleerbaar is onder artikel 17(1) nie, kan dus nie appelleerbaar gemaak word deur die toets van die “belang van geregtigheid” nie. Verder is enige hofbevel wat appelleerbaar is onder artikel 17(1) óók appelleerbaar onder die toets van die belang van geregtigheid. In alle gevalle is die toets van die belang van geregtigheid dus nie wesenlik tot die toets vir appelleerbaarheid nie en behoort daarmee weggedoen te word by ’n beroep op enige ander hoër hof as die konstitusionele hof. “[T]he tale I have to tell is unflattering of the higher judiciary. It is an account of how the judges invented a rule based upon conceptual misunderstanding … ; of their invincible ignorance of the mess they had made of the law; and of their immobility on the subject, carried to the extent of subverting an Act of Parliament designed to put them straight.”
The apportionment of legal costs in South Africa: a comparative analysis
Authors: Bekker T
Published: June 2022

Een van die grootste hindernisse wat toegang tot die reg in siviele sake, soos gewaarborg in artikel 34 van die Suid-Afrikaanse grondwet, belemmer, is die toekenning van astronomiese regskoste aan die einde van ’n regsgeding. Daar is twee fundamentele reëls wat van toepassing is wanneer ’n hof ’n kostebevel toestaan aan die einde van regsverrigtinge in Suid-Afrika. Die eerste basiese reël bepaal dat die toekenning van regskoste in die diskresie van die hof is. Die tweede algemene reël bepaal dat koste die uitkoms volg, met ander woorde, koste word toegeken aan die suksesvolle party (die sogenaamde Engelse model). Daar kan slegs van hierdie algemene reël afgewyk word waar daar goeie gronde of spesiale omstandighede teenwoordig is wat die toekenning van ’n alternatiewe kostebevel regverdig. Hierdie wye diskresie gee egter aanleiding tot sekere problematiese aspekte in gevalle waar beide partye ’n sekere mate van sukses behaal. In hierdie artikel word die reël dat koste in die algemeen die uitkoms volg in die afwesigheid van spesiale omstandighede, krities bespreek. Daar word aangevoer dat, alhoewel die toekenning van koste in die algehele diskresie van die voorsittende beampte is, die algemene reël dat koste die uitkoms volg, in die meeste gevalle slaafs nagevolg word, selfs waar daar ’n werklike dispuut tussen die partye bestaan. Daar word aangetoon dat daar verskillende benaderings deur ons howe gevolg word by die toekenning van kostebevele wat regsonsekerheid tot gevolg het en wat dit moeilik maak vir ’n party om te besluit of dit die moeite werd is om regsverrigtinge in te stel of te verdedig. Daar word derhalwe aanbeveel dat die algemene reël behou moet word, maar dat die howe se diskresie vernou moet word en dat sekere voorafbepaalde faktore in aanmerking geneem moet word by die toekenning van ’n kostebevel, wat billik is teenoor al die partye. Die algemene reël behoort ook gewysig te word om voorsiening te maak vir die verdeling van regskoste waar beide partye ’n mate van sukses behaal het tydens die verhoor. Die regsposisie in België, Duitsland, Nederland en Engeland en Wallis word krities bespreek en daar word aanbeveel dat sekere bepalings van hierdie buitelandse regstelsels met vrug in Suid-Afrika geïmplementeer kan word.
Copyright owners, performers and streaming: a South African perspective on addressing the value gap
Authors: Jansen G
Published: June 2022

Hierdie artikel ondersoek die bedryf van aanlyn musiekstroomdienste, en in die besonder tot watter mate outeursreghebbendes en kunstenaars vergoed word vir die gebruik van hul beskermde werk deur musiekstroomdienste. Soos tegnologie ontwikkel, het die gebruik van musiekstroomdienste die oorwegende manier geword waarop luisteraars omgaan met musiek. Hoewel die aantal musiekstroomdiensgebruikers beduidend toeneem, is daar nie ’n ooreenstemmende toename in die tantieme wat outeursreghebbendes en kunstenaars ontvang vir die gebruik van hul werke deur musiekstroomdienste nie. Daar is ’n wêreldwye poging om hierdie waardeverskil aan te spreek. Die artikel ontleed die Suid-Afrikaanse wetgewing rakende die verhouding tussen outeursreghebbendes en kunstenaars, en die tantieme waarop hul geregtig is. Daar word ondersoek of hierdie partye effektief beskerm word in die lig van hoe aanlyn musiekstroomdienste bedryf word. Die outeur voer aan dat daar ’n duidelike verskil is in die mate waartoe outeursreghebbendes en kunstenaars beskerm word in terme van die Wet op Outeursreg en die Wet op die Beskerming van Kunstenaars. Kunstenaars het slegs ’n reg op vergoeding vir die gebruik van hul optredes, waar outeursreghebbendes eksklusiewe regte het tot die gebruik en uitbuiting van hul werk. Gebaseer op die voorstelle en wysigings van die Wêreld Intellektuele Goedere Organisasie en die Europese Unie, voer die outeur aan dat ŉ addisionele reg tot vergoeding vir die gebruik van hul werk in die geval van die interaktiewe manier waarop musiekstroomdienste bedryf word, ingesluit moet word in die raamwerk van outeursregwetgewing. Hierdie voorgestelde wysiging verseker dat Suid- Afrikaanse musikante billike vergoeding ontvang vir die gebruik van hul werk in die bedryf van aanlyn musiekstroomdienste en verseker ook dat die Suid-Afrikaanse wetgewende raamwerk op gelyke voet met internasionale standaarde kan wees.
Aantekeninge: The competition principle as criterion for ascertaining wrongfulness in the competitive struggle
Authors: Neethling J
Published: June 2022

Hierdie bydrae verken die lotgevalle van die mededingingsbeginsel in die Suid-Afrikaanse reg. Dit is gevestigde reg dat die algemene kriterium vir die bepaling van deliktuele onregmatigheid in ons reg die boni mores (regsoortuiging van die gemeenskap) of redelikheidsmaatstaf is. Dit geld ook vir onregmatigheid in die mededingingstryd. Nietemin, in die Masstores-saak het die konstitusionele hof in die voetspore van Van Heerden en Neethling Unlawful Competition (2008) 128-133, aangevoer dat hierdie kriterium só vaag is dat dit op sigself nie ’n rasionele maatstaf vir die bepaling van onregmatigheid vir alle konflikte tussen mededingers bied nie. Konkretisering van die boni moresmaatstaf is dus noodsaaklik en dit kan gevind word in die sogenaamde mededingingsbeginsel wat die breinkind van Van Heerden (later ’n appèlregter én die waarnemende hoofregter) in sy proefskif was. Dié beginsel hou in dat die mededinger wat die beste en/of billikste prestasie lewer, die oorwinning in die mededingingstryd moet behaal; die een wat die swakste prestasie bied, moet die onderspit delf. Prestasiemededinging moet dus die deurslag gee by die vraag na die onregmatigheid al dan nie van die optrede van een mededinger teenoor ’n ander. Handelinge wat nie op die meriete van die prestasie van die dader berus nie, word dienooreenkomstig in beginsel as onregmatig beoordeel. Die mededingingsbeginsel is uitdruklik erken en toegepas in ’n aantal beslissings van die hooggeregshof, en onlangs ook deur die hoogste hof van appèl in die Beverage-saak. Baie belangrik is dat hierdie ontwikkeling insgelyks deur die konstitusionele hof in die Masstores-saak bevestig is. So gesien, is daar geen rede waarom hierdie beginsel in die toekoms nie met goeie gevolg in alle gevalle van mededingingskonflik aangewend kan word nie. Dit geld veral vir nuwe gevalle wat nie onder die erkende verskyningsvorme van onregmatige mededinging tuisgebring kan word nie. Nietemin is die howe (byvoorbeeld die hoogste hof van appèl in die Quad Africa- en Cochrane Steel Products-sake) erg gekant teen die erkenning van nuwe vorme, soos aanleuning, wat nie binne die toepassingsgebied van ’n erkende vorm, soos aanklamping, pas nie, selfs waar betrokke gedrag sonder twyfel contra bonos mores en in stryd met die mededingingsbeginsel is. Die hoop word uitgespreek dat die regspraak in die toekoms van hierdie benadering sal afsien en, soos die konstitusionele hof in die Laugh it Off CC-saak ten aansien van aanleuning, nuwe mededingingsgedrag wat strydig met die mededingingsbeginsel is, eweneens as onregmatige mededinging sal beoordeel.
Ancient culture and arts of Peru
Authors: Mamani Daza Lolo Juan , Franco Franco Carmen Vanessa , Concha Diaz Lady Shirley , Carpio Rosado Karen Marilia
Published: June 2022

The ancient peoples of Peru have filled the natural landscape with color and charm. In this work, different historical reviews, and academic works, that show the realities of the indigenous peoples, their traditions, culture, and social situations that they face, are evaluated, but also the manual arts that fill the costumes and looms of our community with shapes and colors are highlighted. people. The work aims to show the realities of ancestral cultures, not only to highlight the vicissitudes they face but also to keep folklore alive. The results show that Latin America is a continent with a lot of traditional wealth and that these influence the behavior of its societies, sometimes as positive aspects and others as aspects to improve.

Keywords: Ancestral culture, indigenous peoples, folklore.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ РАЗВИТИЯ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫХ РЫНКОВ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
Authors:   Московский педагогический государственный университет, Сенников Денис Владимирович , Заякина Ирина Александровна ,   Московский педагогический государственный университет
Published: June 2022

ТЕОРИЯ И ПРАКТИКА ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО И МУНИЦИПАЛЬНОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ, Сборник научных статей 4-й Всероссийской научно-практической конференции с международным участием, 13 мая 2022 года / под редакцией: Припадчевой И.В. – Курск: Юго-Зап. гос. университет, 2022. – 394 с.
PENGARUH MANDI UAP REMPAH NUSANTARA TERHADAP PENINGKATAN IMUNITAS TUBUH PASIEN COVID-19 DI LAMPUNG TENGAH
Authors: Harini Nyang Vania Ayuningtyas , Ilmiasari Yeyen
Published: June 2022

Coronavirus disease (Covid19) is an infectious disease caused by the SARSCoV2 virus. Most people infected with COVID-19 show mild to moderate symptoms and recover without specific treatment. According to the monitoring results of the Lampung Provincial government, patients with Covid-19 cases in Lampung until June reached 57110 people. Patients with Covid-19 cases in Central Lampung until June 2022 reached 4,549 people. The main thing we need to know is that we will easily catch the Covid-19 virus if our immune system decreases. One alternative to increase the body's immunity is to take a spice steam bath or often referred to as an archipelago spice sauna. The Nusantara Spice Sauna is a therapy that uses warm steam as a medium. People undergoing this therapy will be placed in specially designed cubicles. This research was conducted in Gunung Sugih, Central Lampung Regency, RSUD Demang Island Raya from July – August 2021. The study used a simple randomized method for the number of Covid-19 patients. The main variables are counting the number of patients exposed to the Covid-19 virus and counting the number of patients who experience changes after taking the archipelago spice steam bath. For this experiment, the number of samples was 30 people who were exposed to the Covid-19 virus. In the fourth week, many patients have experienced a change for the better. Both in terms of health (negative Covid-19) and psychology. It is suspected, with the steam bath of Nusantara spices, the patient will excrete toxins in the body through sweat. In addition, the spice steam contains essential oils (essential oils) that can cleanse the internal organs of the body (detox). The warm steam also produces aromatherapy which increases the relaxing effect. reduce stress levels and increase body immunity so that the body is exposed to the Covid-19 virus. In the fourth week, many patients have experienced a change for the better. Both in terms of health (negative Covid-19) and psychology. It is suspected, with the steam bath of Nusantara spices, the patient will excrete toxins in the body through sweat. In addition, the spice steam contains essential oils (essential oils) that can cleanse the internal organs of the body (detox). Aromatherapy produced from warm steam can increase the relaxation effect, reduce stress levels and increase body immunity so that the body is not exposed to the Covid-19 virus.
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN, PENENTUAN HARGA POKOK PRODUKSI DAN HARGA JUAL PUPUK ORGANIK (STUDI KASUS DI P4S METRO LESTARI DESA YOSOMULYO)
Authors: Syahputra Fikri
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besar pendapatan, menentukan harga pokok produksi dan menentukan harga pokok penjualan pupuk organik P4S Metro Lestari di Desa Yosomulyo. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di P4S Metro Lestari Desa Yosomulyo Kecamatan Metro Pusat Kota Metro. Lokasi penelitian dipilih secara sengaja (Purporsive) karena merupakan salah satu kelembagaan yang memproduksi pupuk organik. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah P4S Metro Lestari dengan menggunakan sampel jenuh. Hasil Penelitian adalah Pendapatan tunai yang diperoleh dari hasil produksi pupuk organik P4S Metro Lestari sebesar Rp. 13.259.667 dengan R/C 1,36, sedangkan pendapatan total yang diperoleh P4S Metro Lestari sebesar Rp. 12.994.517 dengan R/C 1,35. Harga Pokok Produksi (HPP) pupuk organik P4S Metro Lestari  menggunakan metode full costing sebesar Rp. 739/Kg dan yang menggunakan metode variabel costing sebesar Rp. 736/Kg. Harga jual pupuk organik P4S Metro Lestari sebesar Rp. 1.108/Kg.
DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN INPUT TERHADAP DAYA SAING USAHATANI JAGUNG DI KABUPATEN LAMPUNG SELATAN
Authors: Lestari Sri Puji , Aring Hepiana Lestari Dyah , Abidin Zainal
Published: June 2022

Kebijakan terhadap input yang diberlakukan berpengaruh pada daya saing usahatani jagung di Kabupaten Lampung Selatan. Kebijakan subsidi pupuk dan kebijakan bantuan benih merupakan kebijakan input yang diterapkan pada komoditas jagung.  Namun apakah kebijakan tersebut mampu memberikan insentif serta berpengaruh terhadap daya saing usahatani jagung di Kabupaten Lampung Selatan?  Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dampak kebijakan input terhadap daya saing usahatani jagung di Kabupaten Lampung Selatan.  Lokasi penelitian di dua kecamatan di Kabupaten Lampung Selatan yaitu : Kecamatan Penengahan dan Ketapang yang merupakan sentra produksi jagung.  Jumlah responden sebanyak 71 orang petani jagung. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan metode Policy Analysis Matrix.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usahatani jagung di Kabupaten Lampung Selatan memiliki daya saing baik keunggulan kompetitif maupun keunggulan komparatif.  Kebijakan terhadap input berupa subsidi pupuk dan bantuan benih mampu meningkatkan daya saing usahatani jagung, namun kebijakan bantuan benih belum berjalan sesuai dengan harapan.  Kebijakan pengganti kebijakan bantuann benih yang dapat diterapkan adalah kebijakan subsidi benih.
PENGARUH JUMLAH BENIH PER LUBANG DAN JENIS LAHAN YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS JAGUNG VARIETAS MSP
Authors: Ilmiasari Yeyen
Published: June 2022

Salah satu komoditas andalan di Indonesia adalah tanaman jagung. Saat ini petani menanam jagung pada saat setelah tanam padi pada MT1. Tanaman jagung juga berpotensi untuk dikembangkan di lahan bekas menanam padi. Jagung MSP merupakan hasil persilangan antara jagung metro dengan jagung Madura. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh budidaya jagung MSP pada bulan Desember-April di lahan sawah irigasi terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil panen. Berdasarkan analisis ragam menunjukkan hasil yang tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05), tetapi perlakuan L0P0 pada saat jagung berumur 95 HST, menghasilkan tanaman yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya yaitu 176.93 cm-1. Sedangkan, pada saat tanaman jagung berumur 15 HST, 30 HST, dan 65 HST dari semua perlakuan menunjukkan tinggi tanaman yang hampir sama yaitu berkisar 20,80 cm-1 sampai 119.87 cm-1. Pada pengamatan 30 HST, 65 HST, dan 95 HST jumlah helai daun jagung MSP menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan L0P0 dan L0P1 menghasilkan jumlah helai daun yang lebih banyak dibandingkan perlakuan L1P0 dan L1P1. Perlakuan lahan sawah tanpa irigasi dengan pemberian benih 1 biji per lubang dan 2 biji per lubang memberikan hasil tertinggi terhadap produksi tanaman jagung. Hal tersebut dapat di buktikan pada peubah yang diamati, seperti: rata-rata bobot tongkol basah mencapai (768.82 gram) pada L0P0, dan bobot pilihan basah mencapai (339.93 gram) pada L0P0. Bedasarkan hasil pengamatan maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa budidaya jagung yang dilakukan di lahan sawah dekat irigasi maupun tanpa irigasi tidak mempengaruhi tanaman jagung MSP.

 

Kata Kunci: Benih, Budidaya, Jagung, MSP, dan Sawah
Potensi Pengembangan Ternak Kambing di Kabupaten Lampung Utara
Authors: Bilyaro Woki
Published: June 2022

Ternak kambing merupakan jenis ternak mudah sekali beradaptasi dengan lingkungan pakan, meskipun dengan pakan dengan serat tinggi. Dalam rangka meningkatkan ketahanan pangan ternak kambing merupakan salah satu komoditas ternak yang cukup berpotensi untuk dikembangkan dan sebagai sumber pangan penyedia protein asal hewan yang baik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi potensi pengembangan kambing di Kabupaten Lampung Utara dengan menggunakan Location Quotient Analysis (LQ analysis) dan analisis kapasitas tampung ternak. Data yang digunakan pada penelitian adalah data sekunder yang dihimpun data berbagai sumber seperti Badan Pusat Statistik daerah dan Dinas Pertanian Kabupaten Lampung Utara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kabupaten Lampung Utara memiliki luas panen /ubi kayu (singkong) yang cukup serta banyaknya limbah pertanian yang masih bisa dimanfaatkan oleh peternak, terutama peternak kambing untuk dapat dijadikan pakan. Lampung utara dapat menghasilkan 59.653,8 BK/kg/tahun yang artinya mampu untuk memenuhi total kapasitas tampung ternak kambing sebanyak 266.308,9 satuan ternak (ST) atau 1.864.162,3 ekor ternak kambing.
ANALISA KOMPARATIF USAHATANI PADI SAWAH SISTEM IRIGASI DAN NON IRIGASI DI KECAMATAN 2X11 KAYUTANAM KABUPATEN PADANG PARIAMAN
Authors: Musti Ariska Feby
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perbandingan pendapatan pada usahatani padi sawah sistem irigasi dengan non irigasi serta mengkaji perbandingan esisiensi pada usahatani padi sawah sistem irigasi dengan non irigasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah keseluruhan petani yang melakukan usahatani di wilayah yang ada irigasi dan semua petani yang ada di wilayah non irigasi atau usahataninya yang mengandalkan air hujan. Jumlah petani sampel yang diambil berjumlah 60 orang, 30 orang petani yang melakukan usahatani di lahan sawah yang beririgasi dan 30 orang petani lahan tadah hujan (non irigasi). Untuk membandingkan pendapatan petani pada usahatani padi sawah sistem irigasi dan non irigasi menggunakan uji beda (t-test). Hasil penelitian ini adalah Pendapatan dari usahatani di wilayah yang memiliki irigasi Rp. 5.108.758/luas lahan/MT dan Rp. 16.837.359/ha/MT terbukti lebih tinggi daripada pendapatan dari usahatani di wilayah hujan (non irigasi) Rp. 2.695.385/luas lahan/MT dan Rp. 7.308.321/ha/MT. Usahatani padi sawah yang memiliki irigasi (R/C Ratio = 3,47) bisa disimpulkan bahwa lebih efisien dibandingkan usahatani padi sawah non irigasi (R/C Ratio = 1,78). Usahatani padi sawah yang memiliki irigasi (Net B/C Ratio = 2,66) lebih memberikan kebermanfaatan dibandingkan usahatani padi sawah non irigasi (Net B/C Ratio = 1).

 

Kata Kunci : Pendapatan, Irigasi, Efisiensi, Kebermanfaatan
Ўзбекистоннинг жанубий ҳудудларида таълим ислоҳотларининг амалга оширилиш босқичлари
Authors: Хамроева Нодира
Published: June 2022

Ушбу мақолада Ўзбекистоннинг жанубий ҳудудларида таълим ислоҳотида асосий эътибор таълим-тарбиянинг миллий заминини мустахкамлашга таълимининг бошқарув тизимларини такомиллаштиришга унинг моддий техника базасини замон талабларига мослаштиришга таълим-тарбия жараёнини жаҳон андозалари даражасига кўтаришга қаратилди. Мустақиллик йиллари мамла-катимизда ягона узлуксиз таълим тизими яратилди. У мактабгача тарбия умумтаълим мактабдан ташқари ҳунар-техника таълими, ўрта махсус таълими ва олий таълим, илмий педагогик кадрлар тайёрлаш, малака ошириш тармоқларини ўз ичига олади.
18-40 Yaş Vücut Geliştirme Sporu Yapan Ergojenik Destek Kullanan Ve Kullanmayan Bireylerin Tutumları, Kullanım Düzeyleri Ve Beslenme Alışkanlıklarına Göre Bazı Antropometrik Ölçümlerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: KÖSEOĞLU Sabiha Zeynep Aydenk , KAYNAR Kübra
Published: June 2022

Çalışmanın amacı, ergojenik desteklerin sporcuların hayatındaki yerinin, antropometrik ölçümleri ne ölçüde etkilediğinin ve değerlendirme sonuçlarına bağlı olarak kullanım kriterlerinin belirlenmesidir. Çalışmaya, İstanbul Bahçelievler ve Küçükçekmece ilçelerindeki bazı özel spor salonlarına üye 18-40 yaş arasındaki ergojenik destek kullanan ve kullanmayan vücut geliştirme sporu yapan 50 gönüllü erkek alınmıştır. Katılımcıların tanımlayıcı özelliklerini, antropometrik ölçümlerini, sağlık durumlarını, ergojenik destek alımlarını ve bu konudaki tutumlarını, beslenme alışkanlıklarını, besin tüketimlerini, iki günlük besin tüketim kayıtlarını (antrenman günü ve dışı) içeren anket yüz yüze uygulanmıştır. Bulgulara göre; ergojenik destek alan (%50) ve almayanlar arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Vitamin mineral takviyesi kullanımları ile BKİ arasında, karnitin kullanım sıklığı ile bel çevresi ve bel/boy oranı arasında ilişki (p<0.05) bulunmuştur. Çalışmada, 18-30 yaş grubundaki bireylerin günlük aldığı enerji miktarı (2753.18±1589.15) ile 31-40 yaş aralığındaki günlük alınan enerji miktarından (1921.16 ±986.41) daha fazla olduğu saptanmıştır. Ergojenik destek alanların, günlük aldıkları toplam enerjinin %35.3’ü karbonhidrat, %23.4’ü protein ve %39.8’i yağdan geldiği belirlenmiştir. Alınan proteinin aminoasit içeriğinin çoğunu lösin, izölösin, valin ve arginin, triptofan ise en az kısmı oluşturmaktadır. Ergojenik destek olmadan aldıkları protein miktarının ideal olduğu ve ergojenik destek kullanan birçok sporcunun protein kullanmasına gerek olmamasına rağmen tükettiği görülmüştür. Çalışmanın sonuçları değerlendirildiğinde ve literatürlerin ışığında; ergojenik destek verilmesi gerektiğinde, öncelikle bir uzman tarafından uygun değerlendirmelerin yapılması, ilaveten sporcuların günlük beslenmeleri dikkate alınarak, denge ve miktar yönünden WADA (Dünya Anti- Doping Ajansı) tarafından uygun görülen takviyeler seçilerek, tüketimi doğru olabilir.
Abuse of Power by Government Applications on Government Policies During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia
Authors: Hayckel Edralin , Chairiyah Prof. Dr. Sri Zul
Published: June 2022

In a democratic country, government power is obtained from the consent of the people, that the people are sovereign and give legitimacy to the power they want. The principle of popular sovereignty states that no individual, group of people or an elite has the right to determine and impose (demand with threats) how others should obey. Indonesia, which is led by a president and assisted by ministers, must be able to use the power and authority it has properly and responsibly. In government policies, there are moral rights and obligations of individuals aimed at the welfare of the wider community. Apparatus who have good morals will produce and implement policies with an orientation to the public interest. However, there are still government officials, including the Minister of the Second Advanced Indonesian Cabinet, who are considered to have abused their power with corruption that is not in accordance with legal, social, religious and humanitarian norms, even during the limited period due to the prolonged Covid-19 pandemic. That power can influence the actions of a government official towards policies that should be carried out properly, as well as the level of awareness of the individual if the power he has belongs to the people, not private property for the benefit of individuals or an elite group, so that public trust in the government can be well maintained.
The Role of Knowledge Creation in Knowledge Management: A case of Sri Lankan Research Officers
Authors: Dahanayaka L.A.K.C. , Endagamage D.M. , Sudasinghe S.R.S.N
Published: June 2022

There are considerable levels of gaps identified in ‘Knowledge Creation’ (KC) and ‘Knowledge Management’ (KM) at individuals’ level as well as the organizational level. The present study examines whether the ‘Social Capital’ (SC) and ‘Information Technology Capability’ (IT) have any significant impact on KM and determine the mediating role of KC on the above relationship in the public sector Research Institutions in Sri Lanka. The study follows the positivistic philosophy and used the hypothetico-deductive method. A questionnaire-based survey was used to collect data and it was done as a cross-sectional survey with a self-administered questionnaire. The population is defined as the research officers in Public Research Institutions in Sri Lanka and the selected sample was 220. The successful response rate is 67%. The findings confirmed that SC and IT have a significant impact on the KM with the model accuracy as 31.3%. When the KC mediates the relationship from SC to KM and IT to KM, the explained variation of the KM can be enhanced up to 61.2% and 45.2% respectively. Therefore, the research institutions should pay special attention to KC while facilitating for SC, IT and KM.
INSTALAÇÃO DO SISTEMA FOTOVOLTAICO ON-GRID COMO COBERTURA DE UM ESTACIONAMENTO UTILIZANDO CARPORT SOLAR
Authors: Ribeiro Eric , Florian Fabiana , Gomes Figueira Ronaldo
Published: June 2022

Após uma pesquisa de satisfação realizada no estabelecimento, observou-se a demanda pela cobertura do estacionamento a fim de unir o útil ao agradável, economia de energia e satisfação dos clientes. Este artigo tem como objetivo descrever e analisar a instalação do sistema fotovoltaico on-grid como cobertura de um estacionamento e a redução no custo com energia de um supermercado na cidade de FRANCA-SP utilizando Carport Solar. Foi realizada pesquisa bibliografia com base na norma técnica da ANEEL, resolução normativa 482/2012, e foram utilizados Módulos fotovoltaicos, inversor de frequência e estrutura Carport Solar. Os resultados obtidos foram a economia mensal aproximada de R$ 6.741,54 (seis mil setecentos e quarenta e um reais e cinquenta e quatro centavos) no custo com a conta de energia e a satisfação dos clientes pela cobertura do estacionamento, o que demonstra que a instalação do sistema fotovoltaico utilizando Carport Solar atende ao objetivo proposto de cobertura para os veículos estacionados e a redução no custo com energia. Conclui-se que, no caso estudado, o sistema fotovoltaico apresentou-se de grande utilidade, gerando energia limpa e renovável e produzindo sombra para o estacionamento, atendendo a solicitação dos clientes e economia mensal na conta de energia.
EFEITOS DA COVID-19 NA SAÚDE MENTAL DA POPULAÇÃO IDOSA MUNDIAL
Authors: Soares Antonia Jussara Mateus , Rodrigues Joanna Maria de Melo , Vieira Maria Teresa Rodrigues , Carvalho Mateus de Sousa , Carvalho Yaslla Feitosa , Barbosa Liana Dantas da Costa e Silva
Published: June 2022

O presente estudo é uma revisão integrativa, que teve como objetivo compreender  os danos na saúde mental da população idosa causados pela pandemia de COVID-19. As evidências científicas acerca dos impactos psicológicos da pandemia do SARS-CoV-2 na população idosa mundial se deram através um dos métodos de prevenção da doença, através do isolamento social, onde a população idosa tornou-se mais vulnerável à solidão, sentimento de abandono, medo da morte e da perda, entre outros. Dentre os mais importantes impactos encontrados destacam-se a ansiedade, depressão, estresse, alterações comportamentais, luto antecipado, e dor crônica não tratada, chegando ao extremo que é o suicídio. A relevância desse trabalho, se dá pela importância de conhecer e estudar sobre a saúde mental dos idosos durante a pandemia de COVID-19, a fim de ajudar no tratamento psicológico dos pacientes necessitados. Foi realizada a técnica da revisão integrativa, que é um estudo que tem como objetivo reunir outros estudos semelhantes, avaliá-los e os reuni-los em análise de forma a criar um novo conteúdo. Para a busca de informações foram utilizadas bases de arquivos como a Scientific Eletronic Libraby Online (SciELO), o Portal de Periódicos Eletrônicos de Psicologia (PePSIC), MEDLINE, PubMed, Google Scholar.
Dijital Çağda Gazetecilik: Geleneksel ve Dijital Gazetecilik Pratiklerinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: BAYRAM Pınar
Published: June 2022

İletişimin dijitalleşmesi ve buna bağlı olarak sosyal medya platformlarının ortaya çıkması, gazetecilik meslek pratiklerinde ve gazetecilerin çalışma şekillerinde dönüşüme neden olmuştur. Reklam ve satış gelirleri düşme eğilimine giren yazılı basın kuruluşları, fiziksel anlamda yayın hayatına son vermekte ve çalışan gazeteciler işsiz kalmakta ya da düşük ücretlerle sosyal güvenlik haklarından mahrum edilmektedirler. Çalışmada gazetecilik mesleğinin, dijital medya platformları karşısında güç kaybına uğradığı varsayımından hareket edilmiştir. Bu varsayımla birlikte dijital medya, bir yandan hız, etkileşim, düşük maliyet, küresel çapta iletişim avantajlarıyla geleneksel gazeteciliğe bir alternatif olarak güç kazanırken diğer yandan enformasyon kirliliği, etik ve güvenilirlik sorunları, kısa süreli popülist gündemler yaratmaktadır. Çalışmada gazetecilik mesleğinde görülen tüm olumsuz şartlara karşın gelecekte teknolojiyi kullanabilen profesyonel gazetecilere ve gazetecilik pratiklerine (dosya/haber takibi, filtreleme, haber doğrulatma, kamusal tartışma yürütme vb.) duyulan ihtiyacın artacağı argümanı desteklenmektedir. Dijitalleşmenin gazetecilik pratikleri üzerinde yaptığı etkilere odaklanan çalışma, literatür taramasıyla elde etiği verileri betimsel analiz yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın, ortaya attığı argümanla Türkçe literatüre katkı sağlaması ve gazetecilik mesleğinin geleceğine yönelik bir tartışma alanı açması beklenmektedir.
Eise Eisinga was here
Authors: Vreeling Sieger
Published: June 2022

Between 1774 and 1781, Eise Eisinga built an orrery in his house in Franeker. This instrument was and is commonly referred to as a planetarium, although it also gives information about the sun, the moon and the main constellations. I use the term ‘instrument’ for the machinery above the ‘planetarium room’  and the boxbed together with the dials on the ceiling and the wall containing the box-bed (bedsteewand). I use the term ‘Planetarium’ for the institution, that is the building with everything in it. The machinery, the ceiling, and the bedsteewand have been nominated for UNESCO world heritage status this year.

The aim of this article is to discuss the authenticity of the Planetarium: which parts are authentic – that is, from the time of Eisinga – which have been altered, and how were any alterations supervised? The article concentrates on the period around 1900, when the conservation of monuments had just been institutionalized, but the general principle of preferring ‘preservation over alteration’ had not yet been widely accepted. The primary sources are the annual reports on the state of maintenance by government architect Jacobus van Lokhorst.

Eisinga had sold the Planetarium to the national government in 1826. In order to save money, the government gave it to the municipality of Franeker in 1859. When it was suspected that the municipality was not meeting the first condition of the agreement – to maintain the instrument at all times – Van Lokhorst was tasked with the supervision of the Planetarium by the Minister of the Interior in 1882.

We know that the instrument was repaired a couple of times, but the exact nature of the alterations is unknown, because Van Lokhorst barely mentions them in his reports. He had to leave the supervision of the instrument to the caretaker and a clockmaker, because he was out of his depth. The only parts of the ‘planetarium room’ that remained authentic around 1900 are the ceiling and the bedsteewand. After the instrument had come to a standstill several times, a stove had to be installed to decrease the humidity in the room. That is why in 1890 the windows were replaced to make room for a chimney. The rest of the room was turned into a period room on the advice of Van Lokhorst and with permission of the Minister of the Interior: the walls were whitewashed and, a year later, the floor was tiled. The tile wainscoting dates from 1895.

The conclusion is that the authenticity of the Planetarium decreased around 1900. This should not affect the UNESCO nomination. Repairs to the machinery were only to be expected, and the ceiling and the   bedsteewand appear to be authentic. However, a world heritage site attracts more visitors, all of whom have to be facilitated. How will this affect the authenticity of the Planetarium in the future?
Johanna Eleanor Ferguson
Authors: Kuipers Marieke
Published: June 2022

The multi-talented Johanna Eleanor Ferguson (1900-1982), born in Shanghai but trained at the Delft Institute of Technology, was one of the first female architects in the Netherlands. From her self-designed flat-roofed house near Breda she obtained her engineer’s degree in 1926 as an already married woman.

Subsequently she designed the reed-covered house De Huif in Wageningen for her mother (1927) and two almost identical flat-roofed houses near Utrecht for her father (1928 and 1935).

Meanwhile she had given birth to two children and divorced her first husband, and in late 1932 she relocated to the Gooi region to join a theosophist community. It was while here that she married her second husband. Looking for better perspectives, the young family emigrated to Johannesburg at the end of 1935. One year later, Eleanor Ferguson was formally registered as an architect in South Africa. In 1938, after another divorce, she started a joint practice together with a local architect, Stakesby-Lewis who became her third husband and shared her interest in theosophy. She worked under her maiden name as the principal designer and he as the builder.

The firm was responsible not only for various ‘Wrightian’ cottages and houses in the suburbs (for example, for A.J. Du Plessis at Cottesloe), but also for typically modern commercial buildings in the business districts, such as August House with its conical mushroom columns. In 1948 Conrad Sayce  became a partner in the practice, which was based in Washington House. The expansion of the firm was presumably prompted by Eleanor’s increasing social activities alongside the design work. Following in the footsteps of Clara Codd and Jan Kruisheer, she was appointed National President of the Theosophical Society in southern Africa (1946–53) in which capacity she lectured widely. She also made an elaborate pro bono design for a new Lodge in Johannesburg, but this was never executed. Instead, the Stakesby-Lewises converted an existing villa into a ‘theosophical temple’, inaugurated in 1951.

Two years later, they migrated to Salisbury (now Harare) in former Rhodesia to start a new joint practice, mainly focused on building private bungalows, and to extend the theosophical network.

In mid-1961, in response to the growing political and economic uncertainty, the couple finally settled in England where they lived amongst a theosophist community on the Tekels Park Estate in Camberley.  The estate was accordingly expanded by two neighbouring houses designed by Ferguson, one for herself and her husband, the other for her eldest daughter’s family (Loveday). In 1972 the Stakesby-Lewises moved to another self-designed bungalow on the estate (further away from the motorway) where Eleanor passed away in 1982 after a long and eventful life. Until the very end she remained proud on her Delft engineer’s title.
Gerrit van der Wielen (1767-1858)
Authors: Kuiper Yme
Published: June 2022

Review of a book written by Martine van der Wielen-de Goede
Metamorfose van stad en devotie
Authors: IJsselstijn Marcel
Published: June 2022

Review of a book written by Bas de Melker
Gerüste und Hilfskonstruktionen im historischen Baubetrieb
Authors: Van Tussenbroek Gabri
Published: June 2022

Review of a book written by Steffen M. Holzer
The relation between hotel employees' cultural intelligence levels, conflict management styles, and career satisfaction
Authors: ŞANLI KAYRAN Sabahat Ceylin , UNUR Kamil
Published: June 2022

The study's objective is to determine the effect of cultural intelligence levels of hotel employees on conflict management styles, correspondingly, to study the effects of cultural intelligence and conflict management styles on the career satisfaction of hotel employees. In the study, conflicts between employees and guests were examined. The study's target population is employees working in 5-star hotel businesses in Turkey. Findings showed that cultural knowledge affects problem-solving positively; forcing, avoiding and career satisfaction negatively; cultural ability affects avoiding positively; problem-solving negatively; cultural metacognition positively affects compromising, yielding, problem-solving, avoiding and career satisfaction positively. It was also found that compromising positively affects career satisfaction. It is thought that the results obtained from the study can provide important information concerning cultural intelligence, conflict management styles and career satisfaction to the owners, managers and employees of the hospitality industry and academicians working in this field. Since there are limited studies on these issues in the international tourism literature, it is considered that the study is important as it is possible that it can contribute to the literature and new studies.
TEDA PROJESİNDE KAPAK ÇALIŞMALARININ KÜLTÜR İMGESİ YARATMADAKİ ROLÜ
Authors: OLUK ÇAKIR Hatice
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı TEDA projesi kapsamında İngilizceye çevrilen yapıtların alıcı kültüre sunumuyla oluşan kaynak kültür imajını kitap kapakları üzerinden sorgulamaktır. Türk kültür, sanat ve edebiyat eserlerinin yurt dışında temsil edilmesi amacıyla başlatılan TEDA projesi ile yabancı dillere çevrilen eser sayısında ciddi bir artış olmuştur. Türkçeden çevrilen eserlerin tanıtımı ve pazarlanması, erek kültürlerde kaynak kültüre dair çeşitli imgelerin oluşmasına neden olur. Özellikle dağıtım ağı geniş, reklam imkânı fazla olan yayınevlerinin bastıkları kitaplar erek kültürde eleştiri ve inceleme yazılarıyla daha görünür hale gelir ve daha çok okura ulaşır. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada, erek kültürün saygın yayınevleri tarafından yayımlanan eserler incelenmiştir. Kitap kapaklarını metinsel ve görsel açıdan yorumlamak amacıyla göstergebilimsel bir yöntemden yola çıkılarak yeni bir inceleme modeli geliştirilmiştir. Kapaklardaki yazar kimliği, alıntı, künye, başlık gibi metinsel öğeler ile kaynak ve erek kültüre ait görsel öğeler birlikte ele alınarak kaynak ve erek metinlerin kapakları karşılaştırılmıştır. Özellikle diller arasındaki hiyerarşi, yazar tanınırlığı, yayınevi politikası ve okur politikasının kapak tasarımlarını nasıl etkilediği incelenmiştir. Karşılaştırmalı incelemenin sonucunda Türk kültür, sanat ve edebiyatının yurtdışında tanıtılmasında eksikler görülmesi ve okura ulaşmada etkili bir yol izlenmemesi sorunuyla başlatılan TEDA projesinin amacına ulaşıp ulaşmadığını sorgulanmaktadır. TEDA projesinin çeviri eser sayısını artıma konusunda gösterdiği başarının oluşturulmak istenen kaynak kültür imgesi konusunda da devam ettirilmesi için saygın yayınevleriyle çalışılması, destek verilen yayınların çeviri ve yayın sürecinin yakından takip edilmesi ve patronaj gücünün çeviri süreci ve sonrasında kullanılması gerekmektedir.
DAS MAN’A PHRONIMOS ÜZERİNDEN BAKMAK: ARİSTOTELES VE HEIDEGGER
Authors: MOCAN Fikriye Gözde
Published: June 2022

Aristoteles’in etiğinde phronimos (aklı başında kişi) ve bir düşünce erdemi olan phronesis (aklı başındalık) önemli kavramlardır. Aristoteles’in etiği mutluluk kavramıyla doğrudan ilişkilidir. Mutluluk ise us erdemine sahip olmayı ve teorik etkinliklerde bulunmayı gerektirmektedir. Oysa Aristoteles’in etiğinin yeniden ele alınması mutluluk kavramının derinlikli ve tam bir kavram olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bundan ötürü mutluluk için sadece teorik etkinliklerde değil aynı zamanda pratik etkinliklerde de doğru eylemek gerekmektedir. Pratik bilgiye ilişkin olan aklı başındalık erdemi ise pratik ve tek tek şeyleri bilmede karakter erdemleriyle birlikte hareket eden önemli bir erdemdir. Ayrıca, aklı başındalık erdemi Aristoteles’teki ikinci sırada gelen mutlu yaşamda da belirleyici bir erdemdir. Bundan ötürü aklı başındalık erdemi ve ona sahip olan aklı başında kişi mutlu yaşamın başlangıç noktasıdır. Aristoteles’ten itibaren felsefe tarihine bakıldığında aklı başında kişiye benzerlik gösteren başka bir kavramla Heidegger’de karşılaşılmaktadır. Heidegger’in fenomenolojik ontolojindeki das Man (birisi) kavramı Aristoteles’teki aklı başında kişi ile benzerlikler göstermektedir. Das Man kamudaki yüzeyselliği ve herkes gibi olmayı temsil etmektedir. Aynı zamanda das Man Dasein olma yolunda bir başlangıç noktasıdır. Çünkü Heidegger’de birlikte yaşamının temeli öncelikle birisi olmadan kaynaklanmaktadır. Bu makalede Aristoteles’in phronimos kavramı ile Heidegger’in das Man kavramı arasındaki ilişki ortaya konulmaktadır. Ayrıca hem Aristoteles’in mutlu yaşamının hem de Heidegger’deki Dasein’ın otantik varoluşunun kaynağının phronimos ve das Man’dan geçtiği gösterilmektedir. Bundan hareketle her iki kavramın iki düşünürün felsefeleri için nasıl başlangıç noktası olarak değerlendirilebileceği tartışılmaktadır.