bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
miR-221/222 sponge abrogates tamoxifen resistance in ER-positive breast cancer cells through restoring the expression of ERα
Authors: Ouyang Yan Xiu , Feng Jun , Wang Zun , Zhang Guo Jun , Chen Min
Published: June 2021

Tamoxifen resistance (TamR) prevents ER-positive breast cancer patients from benefitting from endocrine therapy, and miR-221 or miR-222 plays vital roles in inducing TamR. In this study, we designed synthetic sponges to reverse TamR by targeting these two miRs. First, we established a tamoxifen resistant breast cancer cell line (MCF-7TamR), we verified the high expressing level of these two miRs in TamR cells. miR-221 or miR-222 inhibitors rendered MCF-7TamR cells responsive to tamoxifen. Next, we designed a miR-221/222 sponge, which contains total 8 multi-antisense binding sites (MBSs) for these two onco-miRs, and inserted it into CMV promoter- or hTERT promoter-driven expressing vectors. After transfected miR-221/222 sponge expressing vectors into MCF-7TamR cells, we identified a strong interaction between miR-221/222 sponge and endogenous miR-221 or miR-222 by RNA pulldown assay. We also found that miR-221/222 sponge restored the expression of ERα and PTEN, arrested cells in G1 phase, and finally resulted in reduced cell growth and cell migration. Notably, miR-221/222 sponge expressing cells abrogates tamoxifen resistance through restoring the expression of ERα, suggesting that miR-221/222 sponge gene therapy especially driven by tumor specific promoter could provide an effective therapeutic approach against TamR in breast cancer.
Fewer but Better: Sudden Stops, Firm Entry, and Financial Selection
Authors: Ates Sina T. , Saffie Felipe E.
Published: June 2021

We develop a tractable quantitative framework to study the productivity effects of financial crises. The model features endogenous productivity, heterogeneous firm dynamics, and aggregate risk. Selection of the most promising ideas gives rise to a trade-off between mass (quantity) and composition (quality) in the entrant cohort. Chilean plant-level data from the sudden stop triggered by the Russian sovereign default in 1998 confirm the model’s main mechanism, as firms born during the credit shortage are fewer but better in terms of idiosyncratic productivity. The quantitative analysis shows that at the end of the crisis, total output is permanently 0.9 percent lower. (JEL D22, E32, F41, G01, O11, O14, O33)
Candidate gene family-based and case-control studies of susceptibility to high Schistosoma mansoni worm burden in African children: a protocol
Authors: Nyangiri Oscar A. , Edwige Sokouri A. , Koffi Mathurin , Mewamba Estelle , Simo Gustave , Namulondo Joyce , Mulindwa Julius , Nassuuna Jacent , Elliott Alison , Karume Kévin , Mumba Dieudonne , Bucheton Bruno , Noyes Harry , Matovu Enock ,   TrypanoGEN+ Research Group of the H3Africa Consortium
Published: June 2021

Background: Approximately 25% of the risk of Schistosoma mansoni is associated with host genetic variation. We will test 24 candidate genes, mainly in the Th2 and Th17 pathways, for association with S. mansoni infection intensity in four African countries, using family based and case-control approaches.

Methods: Children aged 5-15 years will be recruited in S. mansoni endemic areas of Ivory Coast, Cameroon, Uganda and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). We will use family based (study 1) and case-control (study 2) designs. Study 1 will take place in Ivory Coast, Cameroon, Uganda and the DRC. We aim to recruit 100 high worm burden families from each country except Uganda, where a previous study recruited at least 40 families. For phenotyping, cases will be defined as the 20% of children in each community with heaviest worm burdens as measured by the circulating cathodic antigen (CCA) assay. Study 2 will take place in Uganda. We will recruit 500 children in a highly endemic community. For phenotyping, cases will be defined as the 20% of children with heaviest worm burdens as measured by the CAA assay, while controls will be the 20% of infected children with the lightest worm burdens. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) will be genotyped on the Illumina H3Africa SNP (single nucleotide polymorphisms) chip and genotypes will be converted to sets of haplotypes that span the gene region for analysis. We have selected 24 genes for genotyping that are mainly in the Th2 and Th17 pathways and that have variants that have been demonstrated to be or could be associated with Schistosoma infection intensity.  

Analysis: In the family-based design, we will identify SNP haplotypes disproportionately transmitted to children with high worm burden. Case-control analysis will detect overrepresentation of haplotypes in extreme phenotypes with correction for relatedness by using whole genome principal components.
Public views of coronavirus science and scientists: findings from a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Gooberman-Hill Rachael , Taylor Michelle L. , Maude Ulrika , Yardley Lucy , Huxtable Richard , Stubbs Jo , Peters Tim J.
Published: June 2021

Background: Throughout the coronavirus pandemic, references to scientific findings have permeated public-facing communications. Understanding how members of the public view science, scientists and scientific uncertainty should enhance approaches to communication and individuals’ decisions to engage with public health measures, including restrictions and vaccination programmes.

Methods: A survey was conducted on our behalf by YouGov in November 2020. The survey asked about: level of public trust in scientists and scientific information; changes in trust between March and November 2020; views about communication of scientific uncertainty; confidence in the accuracy of scientific findings; and views about whether public information is an accurate representation of coronavirus science.

Results: The sample comprised 2,025 individuals living in England; 40.5% were ≥55 years old, 51.1% were female, and 12.3% identified as members of an ethnic minority/mixed ethnicity. Here, we present descriptive statistics across six key variables: age, gender, ethnicity, keyworker status, shielding status, and coronavirus exposure. Trust was highest among older respondents and those who identified as of white ethnicity. The concurrent (November 2020) levels of reported trust in scientific information about coronavirus were generally lower than those reported retrospectively for the start of the pandemic (March 2020). There was higher trust and positivity about science among people who had been shielding and among those who had not contracted coronavirus. Around half of respondents did not think that the uncertainty in science was conveyed much or at all, most were confident in the accuracy of coronavirus science, and around half thought that public information was a true representation of the science.

Conclusions: Our study indicates that there is room to improve trust and communication in science. As well as detailed analyses to account for inter-relationships, further research could examine reasons behind change in trust over time and any persisting patterns by age, ethnicity, and shielding status.
Technological Sovereignty, Education and Science - Factors of the National Security of Russian Federation (V.V. Putin)
Authors: Ryzhova I.
Published: June 2021

Everyone wants to learn something: someone is mastering the code, someone is storming digital marketing, and someone is learning English. How exactly do these market guarantees against labor market uncertainties? But the truth is, nobody knows for sure.
Current distribution of the Mexican hairy dwarf porcupine, Sphiggurus mexicanus, in Guerrero, México
Authors: Osorio-Rodriguez Angel Neftali , Vázquez-Arroyo Enrique , Almazán-Catalán José Alberto , Uriostegui David , Juárez- Agis Juárez- Agis , Garzón López Luis Alvin
Published: June 2021

El puercoespín enano peludo mexicano Sphiggurus mexicanus está catalogado como amenazado por la ley mexicana y ha sido registrado previamente en el estado de Guerrero en tres ecorregiones terrestres.  Sin embargo, todavía hay varias regiones sin información sobre esta especie.  El objetivo de esta nota es proporcionar una descripción detallada de la distribución actual de S. mexicanus en el estado de Guerrero y llenar los vacíos de información de ocurrencia para las regiones poco estudiadas.  Buscamos ocurrencias de S. mexicanus en repositorios electrónicos como Enciclovida, Naturalista y Global Biodiversity Information Facility, y en la literatura científica publicada para el estado de Guerrero.  Adicionalmente, creamos una base de datos actualizada que incluye observaciones recientes e inéditas, tanto directas como indirectas (piel, restos óseos, excretas, púas, atropellados y cazados).  Recolectamos un total de 59 registros de S. mexicanus, de los cuales el 24 % son ocurrencias extraídas de la literatura y los repositorios electrónicos recogidos en los últimos 60 años.  Dentro de nuestra base de datos, 45 registros corresponden a 16 municipios de Guerrero; distribuidos en tres ecorregiones, la Sierra Madre del Sur tiene el mayor número (n = 26) de registros.  Todos los avistamientos ocurrieron entre altitudes de 7 y 2,400 m y el 58 % (n = 26) de los registros corresponden a observaciones directas y evidencias de observaciones indirectas de las últimas dos décadas (2000 – 2020).  Nuestros nuevos registros proporcionan el conjunto de datos más completo de la distribución de S. mexicanus en 11 municipios sin registros previos.  Confirmamos su presencia en un total de 19 municipios del estado de Guerrero.  La mayoría de nuestros registros provienen de bosques templados y selvas tropicales secas; sin embargo, hubo avistamientos ocasionales en tierras de cultivo.  Nuestras observaciones corroboraron en su mayoría la dependencia de la especie de una alta cobertura vegetal, ya que fue encontrada comúnmente en hábitats arbóreos.  Además, con base en los resultados obtenidos de las observaciones indirectas de individuos fallecidos y/o sus restos, las dos mayores amenazas para las poblaciones de S. mexicanus en Guerrero parecen ser la cacería y los atropellamientos (que resultan en muerte en carretera).
Simulation of field-assisted ion exchange in glass regarding the space-charge density and pseudo-mixed-alkali effect
Authors: Schaeffer Daniel , Klenkert Daniel , Stauch Julian , Brand Felix , Foss Wolfgang , Schwietering Julian , Wachholz Philipp , Kufner Maria
Published: June 2021

A model is proposed to describe the field-assisted molten salt ion exchange of

N
a

+

with

A
g

+

in glass. It accounts for the buildup of space-charge zones and for the pseudo-mixed-alkali effect. Simulations in 1D proved to be consistent with experimental results. The 1D model has been expanded to 2D, making it suitable for simulating the fabrication of channel waveguides. Using a first-order approximation, a good agreement between the simulations and the experimental data can be achieved.
High-accuracy twist measurement based on the spherical wave Talbot effect for a bi-grid modulation collimator
Authors: Liu Shengrun , Xue Bin , Cheng Ying , Yang Jianfeng
Published: June 2021

The bi-grid modulation collimator is a significant way for imaging
solar flares in hard x rays. It implements many subcollimators that
consist of separated grid pairs (so-called front grid and rear grid)
whose line orientations are parallel. However, when the twist of the
front grid with respect to the other will be induced during testing of
the bi-grid modulation collimator in the ground verification phase,
the line orientation of the grid pairs are no longer parallel.
Knowledge of the relative twist between the rear grid and the front
grid is very helpful in improving the imaging quality of the bi-grid
collimator. However, because of the wide spacing between grid pairs
and the requirement of high measurement accuracy, it is a challenge to
measure the relative twist. To meet this demand, a method based on the
spherical wave Talbot effect is proposed. The Talbot images of the
front grid and the rear grid are imaged on the same plane,
respectively, through two proper spherical waves. The relative twist
can be figured out through the angle between the stripes in the Talbot
images of the front grid and the rear grid. In experiments, the
measurement accuracy of the relative twist angle can reach 9 arcsec in
the range of 370 arcsec. It demonstrates that this method can
effectively measure the relative twist between the grid pairs with
very high accuracy.
Etched circular waveguide-based on-chip silicon mode-order converters
Authors: Qi Yi , Xu Yin , Zhang Bo , Dong Yue , Ni Yi
Published: June 2021

Mode-order converters act as the vital higher-order mode sources for on-chip multimode applications. Here, we propose a silicon-based mode-order conversion scheme by leveraging etching slots on the circular waveguide. Through designing and optimizing the etching slots and circular waveguide, the mode-order conversion from input

T
E

0

mode to output

T
E

1

mode has been achieved with the mode conversion efficiency of 99.1%, modal crosstalk of

−

25.7

d
B

, and insertion loss of 0.21 dB, respectively, in a mode conversion size of

∼

8

µ

m

×

8

µ

m

(

T
E

0

-

T
E

1

). For the device fabrication, only one-step lithography and etching processes will be required, and the requirements of slot width (600 nm) and slot gap (1.49 µm) would be very beneficial for the device fabrication. Moreover, the proposed device scheme can also help achieve other higher-order mode conversions, such

T
E

0

-

T
E

2

and

T
E

0

-

T
E

3

, where their structural parameters and performances are also analyzed. With these features of relatively good device performance, compact size, easy fabrication, and functional scalability, we believe the proposed scheme would be applied in the on-chip multimode applications to enhance their transmission capacities.
End-to-end pattern optimization technology for 3D shape measurement
Authors: Wang Hengyu , Lin Bin , Zhou Peng , Lai Jialong
Published: June 2021

The nonlinear errors caused by the gamma effect seriously affect the measurement accuracy of phase-measuring profilometry systems. We present a novel robust end-to-end pattern optimization technology for phase-height mapping. This method generates standard sinusoidal patterns on the reference plane on a camera image instead of on a projection image by optimizing the projection image, which can avoid phase errors due to phase conversion from projector to camera. The pixel set mapping is achieved by chessboard calibration; then the projection image is optimized with the multiscale optimization method and the dislocation optimization method based on proportional integral derivative control. The experiments show that the proposed method can effectively avoid the influence of nonlinear effect and achieve high-quality three-dimensional measurement.
Personalized prediction of disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis using an adaptive deep neural network
Authors: Kalweit Maria , Walker Ulrich A. , Finckh Axel , Müller Rüdiger , Kalweit Gabriel , Scherer Almut , Boedecker Joschka , Hügle Thomas
Published: June 2021

Background

Deep neural networks learn from former experiences on a large scale and can be used to predict future disease activity as potential clinical decision support. AdaptiveNet is a novel adaptive recurrent neural network optimized to deal with heterogeneous and missing clinical data.

Objective

We investigate AdaptiveNet for the prediction of individual disease activity in patients from a rheumatoid arthritis (RA) registry.

Methods

Demographic and disease characteristics from over 9500 patients and 65.000 visits from the Swiss Quality Management (SCQM) database were used to train and evaluate the network. Patient characteristics, clinical and patient reported outcomes, laboratory values and medication were used as input features. DAS28-BSR served as a target to predict active RA and future numeric individual disease activity by classification and regression.

Results

AdaptiveNet predicted active disease defined as DAS28-BSR >2.6 at the next visit with an overall accuracy of 75.6% (SD +- 0.7%) and a sensitivity and specificity of 84.2% (SD +- 1.6%) and 61.5% (SD +- 3.6%), respectively. Prediction performance was significantly higher in patients with a disease duration >3 years and positive rheumatoid factor. Regression allowed forecasting individual DAS28-BSR values with a mean squared error (MSE) of 0.9 (SD +- 0.05). This corresponds to a 8% deviation between estimated and real DAS28-BSR values. Compared to linear regression, random forest and support vector machines, AdaptiveNet showed an increased performance of over 7% in MSE. Medication played a minor role in the prediction of RA disease activity.

Conclusion

AdaptiveNet has a superior capacity to predict numeric RA disease activity compared to classical machine learning architectures. All investigated models had limitations in low specificity.
Correlation between antibody response against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in sows and their offspring under field conditions
Authors: Boonsoongnern Prapassorn , Boodde Orawan , Chumsing Wilairat , Sukmak Manakorn , Jirawattanapong Pichai , Ratanavanichrojn Nattavut , Boonsoongnern Alongkot
Published: June 2021

Background and Aim: Thai pig farmers have suffered huge financial losses from porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) since 2007. PED, caused by the PED virus (PEDV), leads to severe diarrhea, vomiting, and subsequent dehydration in suckling piglets. Lactogenic immunity derived from colostrum and milk is very important because immunoglobulins (Ig) cannot cross the placenta in pregnant sows. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunological correlation of the sample-to-positive (S/P) ratios of IgA and IgG against PEDV between colostrum, sow serum, and their piglet serum.

Materials and Methods: A total of 43 sows were divided into three groups according to the experience of PEDV infection: Negative sow group (n=7) and treatment group (n=36, sows previously infected with PEDV). The treatment group was subdivided into two groups: Sows immunized with live-attenuated PEDV vaccine (n=15) and sows immunized with feedback (n=21) at 3 weeks before farrowing. The 7-day-old piglets (n=425) were obtained from negative sows (n=89), vaccinated sows (n=150), and feedback sows (n=275). Colostrum, sow serum, and their piglet serum were collected and analyzed for S/P ratios of their IgA and IgG levels against PEDV using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results: The piglets from sows immunized with live-attenuated PEDV vaccine had a higher S/P ratio of IgG against PEDV (p<0.001), whereas the piglets from the feedback group had a higher S/P ratio of IgA against PEDV (p<0.001) compared with piglets from the negative sows. In addition, the S/P ratios of PEDV-specific IgA and IgG between sow serum and colostrum showed a positive correlation (Pearson's coefficient r=0.61 and 0.75, respectively). Both S/P ratios of PEDV-specific IgA and IgG in sow serum and colostrum had a positive correlation to those in piglet serum.

Conclusion: Overall, this study suggested that pregnant sows immunized with the live-attenuated vaccine against PEDV and feedback may provide maternal immunity against PEDV to their offspring.
La educación de género y diversidad sexual, ¿imposición ideológica u obligación constitucional?
Authors: Orts-Torregrosa Blanca
Published: June 2021

La educación de género y diversidad sexual en el sistema educativo español es un asunto controvertido y politizado, que tiene lugar solo en determinadas comunidades autónomas a través del desarrollo de leyes autonómicas. En este artículo se trata de dilucidar si la educación en dicha materia constituye una obligación constitucional y no una imposición ideológica o adoctrinamiento por parte de los poderes públicos. En primer lugar, se realiza un análisis del principio de autodeterminación extendido a la identidad de género y la orientación sexual. Secundariamente, se estudia el alcance de la vertiente prestacional del derecho a la educación y su finalidad en contraposición a la libertad de enseñanza. Concretamente, se analizan los resultados de dicha interacción, el principio de neutralidad del Estado en la actividad educativa y la extensión de la objeción de conciencia de los padres. Asimismo, se establece la analogía con la obligatoriedad de la asignatura de Educación para la ciudadanía a través de la proposición de un modelo educativo nacional en materia de identidad de género y orientación sexual basado en las leyes autonómicas existentes. Finalmente, se concluye que la educación de género y diversidad sexual constituye una obligación constitucional que implica una modificación de la programación general de la enseñanza.
Variation in Antioxidant Activity and Antioxidant Constituents of Thymus Serpyllum L Grown in Different Climatic Conditions of Uttarakhand Himalayas
Authors: Goyal Shweta , Pandey H.K. , Guleria Kritika , Tewari Geeta
Published: June 2021

In-vitro antioxidant activity of therapeutically important plant Thymus serpyllum L. grown at different altitudes viz. foothill areas, lower Himalayan and higher Himalayan regions were evaluated against various radicals such as DPPH, ABTS and reducing power assays. The antioxidant constituents like total phenols, flavonoids and total tannins were also evaluated in the present study. The results revealed that the alcoholic, as well as the aqueous extracts of the plant, showed significant antioxidant potential against all the radicals. Extracts obtained from different altitude cultivation showed variation in IC50 values. The alcoholic and aqueous extracts prepared from the plants grown at foothill areas (Haldwani) showed the highest DPPH (IC50: ALC-0.566 mg/ml; AQ- 0.778 mg/ml), ABTS (IC50: ALC- 0.484 mg/ml; AQ- 0.533 mg/ml) and reducing power (EC50: ALC- 0.29 mg/ml; 0.42 mg/ml) activities, followed by high altitude cultivated plants, (Auli), with moderate antioxidant activity. The extracts from mid-altitude cultivation (Pithoragarh) exhibited the least antioxidant potential. The results showed that the amount of total phenolics and flavonoids were significantly correlated to the antioxidant activity. Higher the value of phenolics (TS3: 12.63mg CE/g> TS1: 11.51 mg CE/g> TS2: 10.70 mg CE/g) and flavonoids (TS3: 9.30 mg QE/g> TS1: 9.07mg QE/g> TS2: 6.59mg QE/g) in the extracts, greater was the antioxidant activity. Therefore, T. serpyllum grown in foothill areas was more beneficial in preparing various herbal formulations.
Evaluation of Phyto Chemical Biochemical and In Vitro Antioxidant Potential of Angelica Glauca Grown at High Altitude Areas of Western Himalayas
Authors: Arya Swati , Pandey H.K. , Singh A. , Meena H.S. , Bala M.
Published: June 2021

Angelica glauca Edgew is an important medicinal and aromatic herb (family Apiaceae). The roots of A. glauca commonly used as spices by local peoples. In the present study, the phytochemical constituents, biochemical parameters and, in-vitro antioxidant activity of A. glauca roots collected from the Himalayan region have been studied. For preliminary phytochemical analysis, the hydroalcoholic and aqueous root extract of Angelica glauca were screened for the presence of carbohydrates, protein, alkaloids, glycosides, sterols, triterpenes, saponin, tannins, phenols, flavonoids, and coumarin. The biochemical parameter and in-vitro antioxidant potential of Angelica glauca were analysed by using standard methods. Phytochemical analysis of extract showed major classes of phytochemicals constituents such as carbohydrates, protein, alkaloids, glycosides, sterols, triterpenes, saponin, tannins, phenols, flavonoids, and coumarin. The results from the current study demonstrated that A.glauca roots contained carbohydrate (21±0.72 %), crude protein (12.7±0.31 %), total ash (3.86±0.034 %), dietary fiber (18.9±0.14 %), total fat (4.5±0.38 %) and ascorbic acid (68.5±0.19mg/100g). The hydroalcoholic extract showed the highest quantity of total phenol, total flavonoids, and total tannin content compared to aqueous extract. The hydroalcoholic extract exhibited high DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50=68.1±0.34 µg/ml). The result showed that A.glauca roots have high nutritional and antioxidant potential. Hence the plant can be used as a nutraceutical and natural antioxidant.
Role of DIBER DRDO Technologies in Improving Livelihood Opportunities and Curtailing Migration in Uttarakhand
Authors: Gupta Sanjay Mohan , Pandey Vandana , Agarwal Ankur , Ballabh Basant , Bala Madhu
Published: June 2021

Migration of local population of Uttarakhand (UK) border areas is presently serious issues for national security since; this State is sharing international border (~650 km) with China/Tibet and Nepal. Among the various factors reported for migration, few notables are search for better livelihood, unemployment, difficult remote terrain and poor land connectivity, less productivity from agriculture due to abiotic and biotic stresses etc. Hence, measures to increase the livelihood opportunities in these border areas to curb the problem of migration through intervention of modern agro-animal technologies are essentially required. In this attempt, Defence Institute of Bio Energy Research (DIBER) has already developed various agro-animal mature technologies, in terms of high yielding and genuine quality seed/seedlings, protected cultivation technology, soil-less cultivation technology, angora farming, mushroom cultivation, medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) cultivation technology, hydro-fodder, etc that shown great promise and impact in increasing the farm income and livelihood opportunities for civil inhabitants of these marginal regions. This article highlights the DIBER outreach extension efforts for ensuring better livelihood opportunities to farmers of border area and also to curtail migration that will in turn increase strategic support to Army and paramilitary defence forces deployed in three border Distts (Uttarkashi, Chamoli and Pithoragarh) of UK.
Evaluation of Acute Toxicity of Some Medicinal Plants and their Combination in Albino Mice
Authors: Joshi Tanuj , Juyal Vijay
Published: June 2021

Medicinal plants find use across different cultures in the world. People have derived numerous benefits by using various plants for centuries. Herbal drugs are supposed to be safe, but there are chances these might cause toxicity and other complications. Thus toxicity studies are essential for a medicinal plant before being used in humans. The present research revolves around studying the acute toxicity of Ocimum kilimandscharicum, Thymus serpyllum, Spilanthes acmella and their combination in equal ratio (COMB). For preparing the combination of extracts, the ethanolic extracts of the three plants were combined in equal amounts and administered to the animals. The acute toxicity study was carried out according to OECD (The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) guideline 423 for acute toxicity. The animals were divided into four groups each containing three animals each. These groups were respectively administered ethanolic extract of O. kilimandscharicum, T. serpyllum, S. acmella and COMB in a dose of 2000 mg/kg. The animals were observed for signs of toxicity and mortality at durations specified by OECD. The results demonstrated that extracts of the three medicinal plants used in the study and their combination were found to be safe up to 2000 mg/kg.
The scientific collection of ISEP Museum: Grenet and Leclanché cells
Authors: Cadeco Guilhermina , Costa Patrícia , Campos Bruno B. , Algarra Manuel , Martínez de Yuso M.ª Valle , Moreira Patrícia R. , Silva Paulo , Vieira Eduarda
Published: June 2021

ISEP Museum was founded in 1999. It stores the memory of industrial school dated from the second half of XIX century. The education, at that time, was very practical and the methodology was based on models and tools. The collections are formed by 3 main typological groups: objects, prints/drawings and photos, a total of about 10 thousand pieces. The complexity of this collection causes multiple challenges concerning to conservation and management subjects. Recently, the main concern focus on the objects, because the lack of technical interventions by specialists. For instance, the Grenet and Leclanché cells are two case studies that show the prominent need of a technical intervention. This article presents a historical contextualization of cells, their composition and the conservation state of their constituent materials. The obtained results will attend to clarify further conservation and restoration approaches.
Maurer-Cartan equation in the DGLA of graded derivations
Authors: de Bartolomeis Paolo , Iordan Andrei
Published: June 2021

Let M be a smooth manifold and D = ℒΨ+𝒥Ψ a solution of the Maurer-Cartan equation in the DGLA of graded derivations D* (M) of differential forms on M, where Ψ, Ψ are differential 1-form on M with values in the tangent bundle TM and ℒΨ, 𝒥Ψ are the d
* and i
* components of D. Under the hypothesis that IdT
(
M
) + Ψ is invertible we prove that

Ψ
=
b

(
Ψ
)

=
-

1

2
_

(

I

d

T
M

+
Ψ

)

-
1

∘

[

Ψ
,
Ψ

]

ℱ
𝒩

{\rm{\Psi = }}b\left( {\rm{\Psi }} \right) = - {1 \over {}}{\left( {I{d_{TM}} + {\rm{\Psi }}} \right)^{ - 1}} \circ {\left[ {{\rm{\Psi }},{\rm{\Psi }}} \right]_{\mathcal{F}\mathcal{N}}}

, where [·, ·]𝒡𝒩 is the Frölicher-Nijenhuis bracket. This yields to a classification of the canonical solutions e

Ψ
= ℒ
Ψ
+𝒥b
(

Ψ

) of the Maurer-Cartan equation according to their type: e

Ψ
is of finite type r if there exists r∈ 𝒩 such that Ψr∘ [Ψ, Ψ]𝒡𝒩 = 0 and r is minimal with this property, where [·, ·]𝒡𝒩 is the Frölicher-Nijenhuis bracket. A distribution ξ ⊂TM of codimension k ⩾ 1 is integrable if and only if the canonical solution e

Ψ
associated to the endomorphism Ψ of TM which is trivial on ξ and equal to the identity on a complement of ξ in TM is of finite type ⩽ 1, respectively of finite type 0 if k = 1.
Effect of Cr and Al alloying on the oxidation resistance of a Ti5Si3-incorporated MoSiBTiC alloy
Authors: Nan Xi , Hatakeyama Tomotaka , Ida Shuntaro , Sekido Nobuaki , Yoshimi Kyosuke
Published: June 2021

The effects of adding Cr and Al on the oxidation behavior of a Ti5Si3-incorporated MoSiBTiC alloy (46Mo–28Ti–14Si–6C–6B, at%) were investigated at 800 and 1,100°C. The addition of Cr and Al largely improved the oxidation resistance of the MoSiBTiC alloy at 800°C due to the formation of Cr2(MoO4)3 and Al2(MoO4)3 in the oxide scales. These protective molybdates mainly formed on the molybdenum solid solution (Moss) and Mo3Si phases that show poor oxidation resistance in the Cr- and Al-free alloy and consequently increased the oxidation resistance of the alloys. However, accelerated oxidation occurred on the 10Al alloy after the long-term oxidation test, suggesting that the formed oxide scale has limited protection ability. At 1,100°C, the addition of Cr and Al also enhanced the oxidation resistance to some extent by forming Cr2O3 and Al2O3 in the oxide scales.
Calculation of the gradient of Tikhonov’s functional in solving coefficient inverse problems for linear partial differential equations
Authors: Leonov Alexander S. , Sharov Alexander N. , Yagola Anatoly G.
Published: June 2021

A fast algorithm for calculating the gradient of the Tikhonov functional is proposed for solving inverse coefficient problems for linear partial differential equations of a general form by the regularization method.
The algorithm is designed for problems with discretized differential operators that linearly depend on the desired coefficients.
When discretizing the problem and calculating the gradient, it is possible to use the finite element method.
As an illustration, we consider the solution of two inverse problems of elastography using the finite element method: finding the distribution of Young’s modulus in biological tissue from data on its compression and a similar problem of determining the characteristics of local oncological inclusions, which have a special parametric form.
Adaptive intelligent learning approach based on visual anti-spam email model for multi-natural language
Authors: Mohammed Mazin Abed , Ibrahim Dheyaa Ahmed , Salman Akbal Omran
Published: June 2021

Spam electronic mails (emails) refer to harmful and unwanted commercial emails sent to corporate bodies or individuals to cause harm. Even though such mails are often used for advertising services and products, they sometimes contain links to malware or phishing hosting websites through which private information can be stolen. This study shows how the adaptive intelligent learning approach, based on the visual anti-spam model for multi-natural language, can be used to detect abnormal situations effectively. The application of this approach is for spam filtering. With adaptive intelligent learning, high performance is achieved alongside a low false detection rate. There are three main phases through which the approach functions intelligently to ascertain if an email is legitimate based on the knowledge that has been gathered previously during the course of training. The proposed approach includes two models to identify the phishing emails. The first model has proposed to identify the type of the language. New trainable model based on Naive Bayes classifier has also been proposed. The proposed model is trained on three types of languages (Arabic, English and Chinese) and the trained model has used to identify the language type and use the label for the next model. The second model has been built by using two classes (phishing and normal email for each language) as a training data. The second trained model (Naive Bayes classifier) has been applied to identify the phishing emails as a final decision for the proposed approach. The proposed strategy is implemented using the Java environments and JADE agent platform. The testing of the performance of the AIA learning model involved the use of a dataset that is made up of 2,000 emails, and the results proved the efficiency of the model in accurately detecting and filtering a wide range of spam emails. The results of our study suggest that the Naive Bayes classifier performed ideally when tested on a database that has the biggest estimate (having a general accuracy of 98.4%, false positive rate of 0.08%, and false negative rate of 2.90%). This indicates that our Naive Bayes classifier algorithm will work viably on the off chance, connected to a real-world database, which is more common but not the largest.
Crystal structure of 6-oxo-4-phenyl-1-propyl-1,6-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile, C15H14N2O
Authors: Shi Bei-Chen , Chen Hao-Dong , Zhu Xian-Dui , Zhang Meng-Meng , Zhang Zhi-Fei
Published: June 2021

C15H14N2O, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 7.6510(15) Å, b = 11.465(2) Å, c = 14.526(3) Å, V = 1274.2(4) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0422, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1199, T = 296 K.
Accountability beyond Corporations: The Applicability of the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises to Non-profit Organisations
Authors: Carolei Domenico
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this article is to investigate the degree to which the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises – meant for businesses – apply to Non-Profit Organisations’ (NPOs) operations and accountability. Based on a legal analysis of complaints handled by the National Contact Points (NCPs) in Norway, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom against NPOs, this paper shows that OECD Guidelines apply to certain types of NPOs, even if these organisations are by nature non-profit. It presents three conditions under which the OECD Guidelines can apply to NPOs: first, the NPO needs to operate in at least two countries; second, it must operate within a signatory state of the OECD Guidelines; and third, the OECD Guidelines violation must have occurred in relation to the business-activity of the NPO.
The revolution of reconstructive microsurgery: Dr. Fu Chan Wei and the Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
Authors: Sun Margaret Man-Ger , Williams Jason G
Published: June 2021

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A case of heavy menstrual bleeding in an adolescent due to undiagnosed severe hypothyroidism
Authors: Crawley Emma , Adare Kaitlyn E , Weerdenburg Kirstin
Published: June 2021

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Aportes de los actores de la práctica pedagógica al desarrollo de las competencias específicas en la licenciatura en matemática en formación virtual y presencial
Authors: Valbuena Duarte Sonia , Jiménez Ávila María Angélica , Jimenez Avila Wendy
Published: June 2021

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo examinar el papel que desempeñaron los actores principales de la práctica pedagógica realizada por profesores en formación inicial en el desarrollo de las competencias específicas: enseñar, formar y evaluar del futuro profesor. Estas competencias son referentes en el área de educación, en pruebas estandarizadas para medir la calidad de la formación del licenciado y el nivel de apropiación. Para ello se utilizó como metodología la revisión documental y entrevistas para recoger experiencias y percepciones de profesores de prácticas, profesores asesores y profesores en formación inicial de programas de Licenciatura en Matemática en modalidad virtual y presencial. Los resultados se centran en el papel de estos actores y su relación con los desarrollos de las competencias específicas del futuro profesor. Las conclusiones son el aporte al conocimiento de las características de espacios oportunos que propicien el desarrollo de las competencias específicas, además de la manera como puede contribuir cada actor.
¿Es concebible una institucionalización de la educación olímpica?
Authors: Monnin Éric
Published: June 2021

Mucho antes de que los Juegos de la XXXIII Olimpiada se adjudicaran a la ciudad de París en 2024, el Ministerio de Educación Nacional, Enseñanza Superior e Investigación (MENESR) desplegó varios programas de gran envergadura para apoyar la candidatura mediante el Año del deporte de la escuela a la universidad (2015-2016) o el Año del olimpismo de la escuela a la universidad (2016-2017). Como señala el Ministerio, se trata de vincular la práctica del deporte a una ambición educativa, cultural o cívica basada en el olimpismo y sus valores. Desde la designación de París como ciudad anfitriona de los Juegos de la Olimpiada (13 de septiembre de 2017), el comité organizador ha propuesto la aplicación de herramientas educativas en el sistema escolar y universitario, así como la etiqueta Generación 2024 destinada a fomentar el desarrollo de proyectos de estructuración o la participación en eventos de promoción de las olimpiadas y paralimpiadas. Para una ciudad anfitriona, esta es una oportunidad real de promover y desarrollar la educación a través de los Juegos Olímpicos.
Centros de ciencia en Colombia: intercambio de conocimiento tácito entre los mediadores y el público en la comunicación de la ciencia
Authors: Blanco-Valbuena Carlos E.
Published: June 2021

El artículo presenta las evidencias de conocimiento tácito de los mediadores cuando llevan a cabo la comunicación de la ciencia desde las variables de la cultura organizacional, las cualidades personales y las dimensiones destinadas al intercambio de saberes. Para obtener las certezas del saber ser y el saber hacer de los mediadores, hemos utilizado con ellos el método de entrevistas cara a cara, y definir así las diferentes categorías. La explicitación del conocimiento tácito sirve como guía para el diseño de estrategias que fortalecen la formación de las personas y fomentan el aprendizaje de los ciudadanos. Los centros que participaron en la investigación han sido Maloka, El Planetario Distrital, El Jardín Botánico de Medellín y el Jardín Botánico de Bogotá. Finalmente, se presenta una serie de consideraciones sobre el valor que tiene la codificación del conocimiento tácito, que hasta ese momento ha sido difícil de compartir por permanecer profunda y singularmente arraigado en la mente de las personas y, por ello, invisible; pero que de este modo aflora y sirve como insumo para, desde la mediación, ser de utilidad en la gestión de los centros de ciencia.
Desacuerdos profundos, elección de criterios y exigencia de coherencia
Authors: Robledo Bordas Julio
Published: June 2021

Este trabajo trata de ahondar en la noción de desacuerdo profundo propuesta por Robert Fogelin, comparando la idea de Fogelin de que los desacuerdos profundos emergen del choque entre dos marcos o trasfondos conceptuales (e incluso vitales) con el concepto kuhniano de inconmensurabilidad entre paradigmas. A su vez, argumento que ciertos elementos de dichos trasfondos no son enteramente revisables por medios puramente lógicos (dándole la razón a Fogelin) y dependen de una elección voluntaria fundamental entre distintos criterios sobre los que hacer pivotar la propia posición (siguiendo a Alasdair MacIntyre). Por último, contra Fogelin, propongo un método de resolución racional (parcial) de los desacuerdos profundos basado en la argumentación ad hominem en el sentido de Henry Johnstone y en la argumentación por analogía, que llamo «exigencia de coherencia».
Estructuras válidas y argumentos falaces: el punto de vista vazferreiriano
Authors: Seoane José
Published: June 2021

El programa de Vaz Ferreira (expuesto en Lógica Viva) apunta a revolucionar la comprensión de las relaciones entre la lógica tradicional y la argumentación. El motivo: la escasa contribución de la primera a la calidad del debate público. La respuesta: estimular una comprensión alternativa de la lógica como herramienta relevante para la práctica argumental. Vaz no se propone elaborar una “nueva” lógica; su proyecto consiste en promover un uso original de la disciplina, capaz de convertirla en herramienta útil en la arena argumental. Esta perspectiva puede entenderse parcialmente como una interpretación y, en alguna medida, como un desarrollo de ese programa y ha sido profusamente estudiada (por ejemplo: Seoane 2015, 2016, 2019a y 2019b). Pero no se ha examinado aún suficientemente el tratamiento que merecen, en este marco, las relaciones entre estructuras válidas y argumentos falaces. El propósito de esta nota es, precisamente, examinar ese punto.
Feasible management of non-degradable agricultural mulching film wastes into functional flame-retarded materials
Authors: Yu Wenfan , Han Xiangsheng , Cai Hongzhen , Lu Wenyu , Xu Hang , Yi Weiming
Published: June 2021

A feasible procedure was proposed to convert agriculture mulching film wastes into functional flame-retarded cotton stalk particles-polyethylene-sandy soil composites (CS-PE-SSx) by simple compounding and injection molding. Due to the uniform dispersion of solid particles in polymer matrix and the promising interfacial combination and the potential interacting forces between cotton stalk and sandy soil particles, the resultant composites showed promising mechanical strength (a flexural strength of approximately 29.0 MPa, a tensile strength of approximately 15.8 MPa, and an impact strength of approximately 3.17 kJ/m2) and improved thermal stabilities. The addition of sandy soil particles endowed materials with favorable flame-retarded properties, which can be resistant to fire ignition and flame out within 55 s. Moreover, the actual agriculture wastes containing mulching film residues, cotton stalk, and soil from different areas of China were also successfully transformed into functional composites, which exhibited promising mechanical, thermal, and flame-retarding properties. This study provided a simple, green, and low-cost strategy to convert agriculture mulching film wastes into functional materials, which can be recommended as a viable option to solve the problem of agriculture mulching film wastes.
Influence of Human Resource Management Policy on Customer Loyalty
Authors: Mitašiūnaitė Kamilė
Published: June 2021

The business would not be able to achieve the set goals without qualified specialists. Therefore human resource management is one of the most important processes to an organisation. HRM policy aspects – employee motivation and job satisfaction – directly contribute to customer satisfaction and loyalty. The problem is that in today’s business environment, where there is a big rivalry, maintaining customer loyalty becomes a huge task for the business. The aim of this article is to evaluate the impact of human resource management policy on customer loyalty. The article analyses concept of human resource management, evaluates the development of loyal customer behaviour, distinguishes traditional and innovative concepts of human resource management. Also, the article notices a relationship between employee satisfaction and customer satisfaction. Analysis of empirical research level shows the impact of human resource management policy on customer loyalty and provides a research model.
Chinese Traditional Cultural and Cross-Cultural Management
Authors: Shi Zhibo
Published: June 2021

Confucian culture is an ancient culture that has been circulating in China for thousands of years. It represents the value of most Chinese people and plays an important role in Chinese history. From state governance to family management, Confucian culture has influenced all aspects of Chinese people, and, of course, has a great influence on the management of Chinese enterprise managers. However, cultural differences and conflicts when managing multinational teams are inevitable. Therefore, in this article, we will discuss Confucian culture and how to integrate it into modern enterprise management to solve the adverse consequences of cultural differences and conflicts, and discuss the drawbacks of Confucianism to modern enterprise management.
The Importance of Internal and External Factors for the Selection Decision of Expatriates
Authors: Sugavaneswaran Ramachandran , Šarkiūnaitė Ingrida
Published: June 2021

Today’s global business environment sets the platform for international employee assignments. As organisation globalise their operations, the roles and responsibilities of the Human Resource department are transformed and face the pressure of globalisation. Therefore, the selection of expatriates to fill international assignment is challenging because of the complex nature of internal and external factors of the selection decision of expatriates like Cost, Expatriate Performance, Expatriate Failure, Political factor, Legal factor, Economic factor, Socio-culture, Family requirements, and Multinational enterprise requirements (MNE), etc. The result of the studies shows the complex nature of the expatriate selection decision during the international assignment which will have a huge impact on the selection decision of expatriates and the success of the organisation on the global level market in the world of competition.
Financial Security Assessment in the European Union Countries
Authors: Grikietytė-Čebatavičienė Jurga
Published: June 2021

Financial security of the country means the absence of threats to the financial system, ensuring the stability and development of the financial system and the ability to maintain the financial sovereignty of the state. The aim of the article is to evaluate financial security in EU countries. The aggregate financial security index (AFSI) is used to reach this goal. AFSI calculation is based on five sub-indexes: Human Development Index, Economic Globalisation Index, Financial Development Index, Index of Economic Freedom and Country Level Index of Financial Stress. The results show that Market-based EU countries have the highest financial security. The lowest financial security was set in Eastern European countries.
Transformation of the Museum in the 21st Century: Baltic States Museums Visitors
Authors: Miežietytė-Gudzinskė Alina , Jurėnienė Virginija
Published: June 2021

Audience development in cultural organisations and museums in Lithuania is relevant and not enough explored. While reading different academic literature and research on this topic, the most common issue mentioned is a lack of research about visitors to Lithuanian cultural organisations and museums. Most usually, communication about events and products created for visitors is based on the intuition or opinion of the employees, rather than on analysis of visitor’s expectations. Meanwhile, global research is orientated to understand, who is the audience of the organisation and what expectations it has. Those studies show that the audience is expecting to get new emotions, learn new things, new experiences, and increase social connections, to feel welcomed and interested.