bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment of High Concentration Organic Wastewater by Multi-step Flocculation and a dsorption
Authors: Xiyang Yu , Guizhou Gu , Lidong Xu , Zheng Li , Linshi Jiang
Published: November 2019

Acrylic fiber wastewater from acrylic plant was used as feedstock, the feasibility of treatment high concentration organic wastewater by combination method of flocculation and adsorption was investigated through single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment. Experiment results showed that positive ion polyacrylamide presented the best flocculation effect in the experiment of treatment acrylic fiber wastewater by single flocculant. The flocculating effect was improved remarkably by multi-step flocculation and adsorption, and the removal effect of turbidity and COD was increased. The optimum combination order was positive ion polyacrylamide, the polymerization aluminum chloride and the shell polyose, and the removal efficiency of turbidity and COD can reach above 90% and 70.5% after treatment acrylic fiber wastewater by the combination of flocculation and adsorption, respectively.
Safety Evaluation of Highway Transportation Environment in Water Sensitive Sections: Case Study of Boshen Highway in China
Authors: Liu Shu , Qin Xiaochun , Qi Xingxing
Published: November 2019

China was striving to build “Smooth, Efficient, Safe, Green” comprehensive transportation system, which demanded highways to meet traffic safety functional requirements and regional ecological environmental safety requirements as well. A lot of researches in highway traffic safety and highway ecological environment evaluation at home and aboard had been made and achieved considerable results. However, there were few researches to combine highway traffic safety and highway ecological environment safety together. In this paper, the concept of highway transportation environment safety was proposed firstly based on the combination study of highway traffic safety and highway ecological environmental safety. The prediction model of highway traffic accidents was built using horizontal and vertical alignment, traffic volume, traffic composition and other data, and the evaluation system of water environment along highway was also established include the main indicators of water environment function, water quality, service population and water supply area. The method of safety evaluation of highway transportation environment in water sensitive sections was developed through the prediction of highway traffic safety and the sensitivity evaluation of water environment along highway. Though the case study of Boshen highway in Guangdong Province in China, the evaluation method of highway transportation environment safety was validated and it was proved the protective countermeasures can improve the efficiency of highway safety facilities, which would have an important theoretical and practical significance in building the safe highway transport environment system and the promotion of highway ecological environmental protection and sustainable development in China.
Study on the Properties of Gypsum-based Self-leveling Mortar using Molybdenum Tailings
Authors: Zhang Jixiu , Zhang Ye , Liu Jikang , Miao Yuanchao
Published: November 2019

In this paper, the gypsum-based self-leveling mortar is prepared using FGD gypsum-based α-hemihydrate and molybdenum tailings as the binder and aggregate respectively. The effects of different aggregate on fluidity, early and absolute strength are studied. The results indicate molybdenum tailings can replace quartz sand as aggregate to produce self-leveling mortar, and the performance indexes meet the standard requirements of China.The main differences between molybdenum tailings and quartz are the fineness and morphology of particles. Moreover, using molybdenum tailings as aggregate, the early strength is slightly better than that of the ordinary gypsum-based self-leveling mortar.
Modeling of a gas-liquid phase cumene oxidation process for efficient synthesis of cumene hydroperoxide (HPOC)
Authors: Chen Chujun
Published: November 2019

Cumene hydroperoxide (HPOC) have been extensively used as an important intermediate for developing and synthesizing cross-linking agents of large-scale production of plastics and rubbers. In the chemical industry, HPOC is widely produced by the cumene oxidation process, which is energy-intensive and highly exposed to safety hazards including severe fire and explosion incidents. In this contribution, the cumene oxidation takes place in the mixture of a gas-liquid binary system. The whole set-up of cumene oxidation process including synthesis, separation and purification was established and optimized by using Aspen HYSYS. In the modelling, cumene and O2 were carried by the air flow into a liquid phase of aqueous base solution. The conversion of HPOC was high as 31% at optimum base concentration. We further modelled the distillation separation process considering a multi-stage distillation process. By reducing the pressure of distillation from 200 to 20 kpa, the HPOC separation was more efficient with significant composition differences between gas and liquid phase. Under the pressure of 20 kpa, the purity of HPOC reached high as 80% with minimum energy consumption in the liquid phase after two-stage distillation, and further purified by post-treatment to yield high-purity product.
Working principle and testing technology of circuit breaker closing resistor for 1100kV GIS
Authors: Chen Kerui , Xu Yufu , Guo Ting , Wang Lei , Sun Lei , Geng Ning , He Dengsen
Published: November 2019

The closing resistor can suppress the operation overvoltage and release the energy caused by the overvoltage generated by the power system when switching the line. It is widely used in the ultra-high voltage system AC system. Due to the complicated structure of the circuit breaker with the closing resistor, and the closing resistance of the field is placed in the sealed casing or GIS arc extinguishing chamber, regardless of whether the circuit breaker is in the closing or opening state, the closing resistance is usually not connected. The circuit breaker of GIS is more complicated than the open circuit breaker, especially the circuit breaker structure of 1100kV GIS which is the most complicated, and the maximum resistance of the closing resistor and the closing time of the closing resistor are tested. To understand this, it is very important to understand the working principle and testing technology of the ultra-high voltage circuit breaker. How to carry out preventive tests at the substation site and obtain the technical parameters of the closing resistor has become a key technical problem to be solved urgently. This paper expounds the structure of the ultra-high voltage circuit breaker, analyses the working mechanism of the closing resistor, and gives the method of on-site pre-test, combined with the Yucheng UHV ZF27-1100 (L) GIS circuit breaker to explain and give a case of on-site testing of the pre-input time of the closing resistor was made.
Analysis of Voltage Regulation Methods and Principles of UHV Transformers
Authors: Chen Kerui , Xu Yufu , Wang Lei , Guo Ting , Zhang Yan , Han Yang , Sun Lei , Geng Ning , He Dengsen
Published: November 2019

The autotransformer voltage regulation is divided into two types: on-load voltage regulation and non-excitation voltage regulation. According to the position, it can be divided into medium voltage side line end voltage regulation, neutral point voltage regulation, and series winding end voltage regulation. This paper describes that a certain ODFPS-1000000/1000 transformer uses neutral point voltage regulation to change the magnetic flux for voltage regulation, and gives the magnetic flux, the coil zeta potential and the linear variation of the three-phase voltage, especially the formula for the compensation principle. Derivation and principle analysis.
Supporting Technology Analysis and Attitude Control Principle of MSJ5.8/1.6D Shaft Boring Machine
Authors: Hao Tan
Published: November 2019

A double-layer fixed support structure, with four supporting boots on each platform is used in MSJ5.8/1.6D shaft boring machine to adapt to weak or fractured stratum. Under the stratigraphic conditions, 8 types of support forms are unbalanced. According to this condition, we analysed the specific construction conditions of MSJ5.8/1.6D shaft boring machine in this paper. Then under these construction conditions, we used the finite element simulation to obtain the stress distribution of the supporting parts of MSJ5.8/1.6D shaft boring machine for propulsion unit is optimized. The stress concentration phenomenon appears in the inside of the arc plate of the upper and lower parts of the frame structure. According to the construction technology of the MSJ5.8/1.6D shaft boring machine, the attitude measurement, the attitude adjustment and attitude adjustment threshold rules of the machine are determined.
Separation characteristic of hot air heavy medium fluidized bed
Authors: Li Lingyue , Zhou Shenglun , Chen Feng , Qu Jiangjiang , Liu Chuan , Cheng Sibo
Published: November 2019

The air-density fluidized bed drying and sorting integration experiment system was used to conduct the separation experiment on wet coal. The effects of surface water of coal, drying temperature, drying time, air volume and other factors on separation precision and separation density were investigated. A mathematical correlation model of separation precision and separation density with various influencing factors was established. Studies have shown that the drying temperature and surface water of coal have a significant influence on the separation precision; the increase of drying temperature can improve the separation effect and increase the separation density, the increase of surface water of coal leads to the decrease of separation precision and the decrease of separation density. The increase of drying time contributes to the removal of surface water of coal, which makes the separation precision increase and the separation density increase; As the air volume increases, the separation precision first increases and then decreases, and the separation density decreases first and then increases slightly.
Estrogen Level in Female Local Rabbit Fed Commercial Cod Liver Oil Supplementation
Authors: Ermayanti N G A M , Suaskara I B M , Setyawati I , Suarni N M R , Widhyastini I G A M
Published: November 2019

This study aimed to determine the estrogen level in female local rabbit after being fed commercial supplementation by cod liver oil. The experimental design used was Completely Randomized Design with four feed treatments, i.e. commercial feed without supplementation of cod liver oil (P0) as control, commercial feed supplemented by 3% (P1), 4.5% (P2), and 6% (P3) of cod liver oil. Each treatment consisted of ten rabbits as replication and treatment was given to rabbits from aged 4 to 6 months. The parameters observed were the estrogen level. The results showed that supplementation of cod liver oil with different grade on commercial feed had significant effect (P<0.05) to rabbit estrogen level. It can be concluded that supplementation of cod liver oil on commercial feed up to 4.5% can increase the estrogen level of female local rabbit.
Identification of GH Gene Polymorphisms and Their Association with Body Weight in Bayang Duck, Local Duck from West Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Yurnalis  , Arnim  , Putra Dino Eka , Kamsa Zulkarnaini , Afriani Tinda
Published: November 2019

Polymorphisms in the growth hormone (GH) gene that is associated with the growth rate of duck have been the target of many breeding programmes. Molecular market selection has been an acceptable tool in the acceleration of the genetic response of desired to improve production performance in livestock. Growth hormone (GH) has been considered as a candidate gene for growth traits. In this study, polymorphisms of the GH gene were evaluated for associations with body weight in 210 Bayang duck. The objective of this study was to assess the association of polymorphisms in Growth Hormone (GH) genes with growth in Bayang ducks. The polymorphism of the ducks GH gene from promoter region into exon 3 was researched by polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing methods. Fifty duck were genotyped by sequencing twenty mutations were detected in the Bayang duck GH gene. Mutation G→A were detected at position -142, 1155, 1117, 1423, and 1786. Mutation C→T were detected at position -62, 506, and 308. Mutation A→G were detected at position 160, 264, 293, 1245, and 2542. Mutation T→G detected at position 250 and mutation TT→AA detected at position 350. Mutation G→T detected at position 775 and mutation T→C were detected at position 1353, 1424, and 2973. All polymorphism were polymorphics except polymorphism T→G at position 250 was monomorphics. Mutation G→A in position 1117 and 1786 were restriction with enzyme Eco721 and TscaI. In the case GH-Eco721 three genotypes were observed, GG, GA, and AA with frequency 0.041, 0.59 and 0.369 respectively. For GH-TscaI locus the frequency were 0.034, 0.782, and 0.184 respectively. The effect of GH-TscaI polymorphism were observed on body weight in 4 to 8 week of Bayang duck.
The effect of organic mineral supplementation in the ration with total mixed fiber ammoniation as basal feed to rumen environment
Authors: Imsya A , Windusari Yuanita , Riswandi
Published: November 2019

This study aims to evaluate the effect of organic mineral supplementation on ration with total mixed fiber as basal feed to rumen environment. This study consists of four organic mineral level on ration and four replicates of each treatment. The treatments are : P1: 60% ammoniation TMF + 0 × Organic macrominerals (Ca. P. and S) NRC (2000) + 15% Swamp Legumes. P2: 60% ammonia TMF + 0.75 × Organic macrominerals (Ca. P. and S) NRC (2000) + 15% Swamp Legum. P3: 60% ammonia TMF + 1 × Organic macrominerals (Ca. P. and S) NRC (2000) + 15% Legum Swamp P4: 60% ammoniation TMF + 1.5 × Organic macrominerals (Ca. P. and S) NRC (2000) + 15% Swamp Legum. Each treatment is added with an organic micro-mineral consisting of 40 ppm organic Zn. 10 ppm organic Cu. 0.10 ppm organic Se. and 0.30 ppm Cr organic. Parameters measured are N-NH3 concentration. total VFA concentration. SCFA concentration. pH rumen. methane gas production and microbial population. The results show that organic mineral supplementation had a significantly different effect (P <0.05) on rumen condition characteristics (N_NH3. total VFA. SCFA and methane). and bacterial cellulolytic populations but did not affect the total bacterial rumen and protozoan population. It can be concluded that organic mineral supplementation of Ca. P and S 1.5 times of requirement according to NRC (2000) gives the best result for improving the rumen environment with Total mixed fiber ammoniation (TMFA) as basal feed and l5 supplementation % legume swamp (kemon air).
The Increase in Production Efficiency of Hydroponic Salad (A Case Study Of Green Oakleaf Lettuce)
Authors: Wangmai Athiwat , Jomjunyong Sermkiat , Phanphet Suwattanarwong , Phanphet Naphetphan , Reungsri Saowaluk
Published: November 2019

The trend of growing hydroponic salad has been increasingly popular because consumers are more concerned about health nowadays. There are several kinds of salad. However, green Oakleaf lettuce was studied in this research because the smart farm in Mae On, Chiang Mai which was the farm in this case study grew green Oakleaf lettuce on 70 percent of its land. The problems found on the farm were: 1. there was no criteria of quality level of green Oakleaf lettuce production, 2. there was no efficient system of controlling factors which caused poor quality of green Oakleaf lettuce production. The solutions to the problems mentioned above were: 1. the criteria of quality level of green Oakleaf lettuce were set by taking green Oakleaf lettuce randomly from Nong Hoi Royal Project Foundation to measure its weight, diameter, height, the number of its leaves, and leaf area. All physical characteristics of green Oakleaf lettuce were analyzed to find the relations among them and the hypothesis was tested. The finding revealed that the weight was significantly associated with all other characteristics at the level of 0.05. Therefore, the weight was used to set up criteria and they were as follows: A grade level for lettuce weighed more than 200 grams, B grade level was between 150 and 200 grams, and C grade level weighed from 50 to 150 grams. After that, these criteria were utilized to divide the quality level of green Oakleaf lettuce on the smart farm in Mae On, Chiang Mai. The result was that 72.1 percent of green Oakleaf lettuce was A grade level, 27.9 percent was B grade level, and 4.65 percent was C grade level. 2. factors affecting the growth of lettuce were studied by using the quality control principles. The finding showed that the solution with greater than 25C had an effect on the growth of lettuce of 17.79 percent, water had an effect of 16.11 percent, nutrients had an effect of 13.56 percent, temperature higher than 25C in a greenhouse had an effect of 11.01%, diseases and bugs had an effect of 10.17%, air had an effect of 10.17 percent, seeds had an effect of 9.32%, light had an effect of 8.47%, and others had an effect of 3.39%.
Decontamination of pesticide residues on tangerine fruit using non-thermal plasma technology
Authors: Sawangrat C , Leksakul K , Bonyawan D , Anantana T , Jomjunyong S
Published: November 2019

Plasma Technology is a well-known approach to decontaminated not only pesticide residues but also fungus on fruits and vegetables. In the present paper, Non-Thermal Plasma (NTP) were successful generated via plasma activated water technique, pin hole. NTP were applied to decontaminated pesticide residues named, cypermethrin, on “Sai Num Pueng”, tangerine fruit. A electrical power 125 watt and air flow rate 15L/min has been used. It was observed that cypermethrin concentration is significantly reduce from 1 ppm to 0.25 ppm which meet international food standard requirment (Codex standard). In particular, the NTP tangerine orange exhibits longer shelf-life as compared to the conventional tangerine orange. There are no significantly different related to appearance, acid flavor, sweetness and smell as also compared to conventional products.
Antimicrobial activity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from fermented durian flesh (tempoyak) against pathogenic and spoilage bacteria during storage
Authors: Nizori A , Sukendra A , Mursyid Surhaini
Published: November 2019

Traditional fermented food ‘tempoyak’ (fermented durian flesh) origin Jambi, Indonesia was used as sources for the isolation of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and also to study their antimicrobial activity and physicochemical properties of tempoyak during four weeks of storage against underisible bacteria, which were performed using an agar well diffusion, assay method. An isolates were obtained and by sequential screening for catalase activity and gram-staining, The aims of this research were to obtain the total LAB isolates that have highest inhibitory activity against bacterial pathogens and spoilage (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli ATCC 25923) during four weeks storage and also the physicochemical properties of tempoyak was also investigated. The Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method was used, four replicates with storage times were 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks respectively. The results show that the antimicrobial activity of isolates inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli ATCC 25923. There was a significant effect on total titratable acidity, moisture content, pH and total soluble solids content of tempoyak during four weeks storage. The result of this research illustrated that these LAB can be used widely in the food industry as bio preservatives due to their large inhibition spectrum.
The application of biochar in improving the nutrition quality and production of sorghum plant
Authors: Yudiastari Ni Made , Suwitari Ni Ketut Etty , Suariani Luh , Situmeang Yohanes Parlindungan
Published: November 2019

The current condition of agricultural land in Indonesia, both wetlands and highlands, have low organic matter. The role of biochar to increase crop productivity is influenced by the amount of biochar added. Sorghum is a plant that can be used from stems, leaves, and fruit as animal feed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the productivity and nutritional content of sorghum given biochar with different doses. This research is a one-factor experiment with the simple randomized block design. The treatments tested were biochar doses with 6 dose levels, namely: P0 (without biochar), P1 (3 ton ha-1), P2 (6 ton ha-1), P3 (9 ton ha-1), P4 (12 ton ha-1) and P5 (15 ton ha-1). Plant variables observed were the number of leaves and plant height, fresh forage production, dry matter production, and seed production per hectare, as well as the nutritional quality of sorghum such as crude protein, crude fiber, ash content, and dry matter content. The results showed that there was no significant effect on the variable number of leaves and plant height, crude protein, crude fiber, ash content, and forage, but significantly affected the variables of fresh forage production, dry matter production and grain yield per hectare. From this study, it can be concluded that the application of biochar dosage 9 ton ha-1 provides the best results for the production of fresh forage, dry material production and seed production per hectare.
Analysis of Fibre Fraction of Palm Oil Frond Fermented with Different Microbes and Soluble Carbohydrates Addition as Ruminant Feeding
Authors: Astuti T. , Rofiq M. Nasir , Nurhaita  , Santoso U.
Published: November 2019

This research aimed to analyse the fibre content of palm oil fronds fermentation as a feeding of ruminant for substitution of native grass Fermentation of palm oil frond was done using local microorganisms resources rumen content and Lactobacillus sp. The experimental design used was factorial on complete randomized design 2×3 with 3 replication each treatment. Factor A was the source of inoculums fermentation, where A1=. Lactobacillus sp, A2= local microorganism resources of rumen content, whereas Factor B was the source of soluble carbohydrates where B1 = without a carbohydrates, B2 = rice bran, B3 = tapioca starch. The variables measured were the content of ADF, NDF, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and Silica. The results of this research showed that interaction affect between the source of microorganisms with carbohydrates just on cellulose, no for the other parameters. Factor A were significantly (P < 0.01) on the content of lignin, and fermentation by local microorganism resources of rumen content more lower than Lactobacillus sp. (15.41 Vs 20.71%). The effect (P < 0.05) factor B on ADF, NDF with addition by tapioca starch. This treatment could reduce the content of fibre fraction.
Utilization of local West Sumatra bamboo for laminated bamboo board with different adhesives
Authors: Ismanto Sahadi Didi , Neswati
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this study was to study the physical and mechanical properties of laminated bamboo boards by using several types of adhesives for different purposes of use. The research design is done explorative, ie reveal facts that may or may not be revealed. Where each observation is done 3 times repetition and the data obtained will be discussed descriptively. The research treatment was A = PVAc adhesives; B = Gambier Adhesives and C = Phenol Adhesives. The results of Laminated bamboo research with 3 types of PVAc adhesive, Gambier and Phenol Formaldehyde were found that the difference of adhesive type usage on bamboo laminated has significant effect on density, fracture (MOR) and internal stickiness (IB) and delamination, but no significant effect on water. All laminated bamboo test parameters obtained meet National Standard Indonesia for plywood. The best laminated bamboo is using Phenol Formaldehyde adhesive with the density value of 1.02g/cm3, water content 13.00%, brokenness 486.84 kg/cm2, internal stickiness 8.40 kg/cm2 and delamination 1.77%. Based on the research that has been done, it is advisable to do advanced research of bamboo laminated with bamboo arrangement with different angle.
Phytochemical content, extract standardization and antioxidant activity of Calliandra calothyrsus Meissn leaf, a potential phytoestrogen source
Authors: Setyawati I , Wijayanti Npad , Wiratmini NI
Published: November 2019

Calliandra (
Calliandra calothyrsus
Meissn.) is a leguminous shrubs that almost spread throughout the area of Bali island, especially the area of Baturiti, Tabanan. The ethanol extract of 80% of C. calothyrsus leaves is a potential source of exogenous estrogen in terms of its phytoestrogen content. Potential extract of potassium which is very useful can be consumed in the form of phytopharmaca preparations. One of the requirements to prepare the formulation of phytopharmaceutical preparations should be done related to phytochemical screening and standardization of raw materials. This study aims to perform phytochemical screening and standardization of 80% ethanolic extract of C. calothyrsus leaves. Phytochemical screening can provide an overview of chemical compounds which are contained in C. calothyrsus leaf extracts to their activity. The standardization of extracts will ensure the quality of raw materials extract to be used. The leaf extraction of 80% ethanol yielded as much as 21.85%. Phytochemical screening showed that 80% positive ethanol extracts contained flavonoid group compounds. The powder standardization obtained 8.35% of water content. While the extracts standardization obtained 5.26% of extract water content. The total ash content of the extract was obtained 4.54% and the acid soluble ash content was 0.5%. The ethanol extract of 80% C. calothyrsus leaf has met the standardization of raw material extract.
Application of isolates of indigenous rhizobakteria: effect on the growth and yield of potato var. Cingkariang
Authors: Suwinda R , Warnita  , Chaniago I
Published: November 2019

Potato var. Cingkariang is originated from Municipality Agam the Province of West Sumatra. This variety has low water content that is good for specific food process such as potato chips and crackers. However, the productivity is low compared to other varieties in Indonesia. Attempts should be made to increase the productivity of potato var. Cingkariang including the introduction of indigenous rhizobacteria to induce better growth and yield. The application of indigenous rhizobacteria is proven to be an easy and environmentally-friendly way to support sustainable agricultural system. This experiment was aimed at determining isolate of rhizobacteria suitable for increasing the growth and yield of potato var. Cingkariang. The experiment was carried out at the experimental station of BPTP Sukarami, Solok from July to November 2018. A completely randomised block design was assigned with three blocks and five treatments as follows: without rhizobacteria, isolate RZ.3.L2.1, isolate RZ.3.L2.2, isolate RZ.3.L2.5, and isolate RZ.1.L2.3. Data were analysed with analysis of variance and mean separation was tested according to HSD 5% level. Results indicated that the isolates did not affect the growth and yield of potato though isolate RZ.3.L2.5 was the best to promote the growth and yield of potato var. Cingkariang.
Perceived Environment-Economic Benefits and Factors Influencing the Adoption of Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil Production System by Smallholder Farmers
Authors: Adiprasetyo Teguh , Irnad Irnad , Nusril Nusril
Published: November 2019

Palm oil industry plays a vital role in Indonesia economy. The palm oil industry can also support sustainable development since it is based on renewable natural resources. The contribution to sustainable development is hampered if oil palm production system, especially of smallholder farmers is not sustainable. Smallholder farmers consist of almost half of the total of oil palm plantations in Indonesia. The sustainability of oil palm farming of smallholder farmers may influence significantly to the overall sustainability. The adoption of Indonesia sustainable palm oil production system by smallholder farmers may improve the sustainability of oil palm farming. This study aimed to find out if perceived environment-economic benefit differed between conventional and sustainable oil palm farmers and to uncover factors affecting the adoption of Indonesia sustainable oil palm production system. The respondents were selected using a purposive sampling method, comprising of 313 conventional smallholder farmers and 167 smallholder farmers implementing Indonesian sustainable palm oil production system. A structured-questionnaire used to gather data. Descriptive statistics and logic regressions were utilized to analyse the data. The results show that the perceived environment and economic benefit is higher for farmers adopting sustainable palm oil production than conventional farmers. Several factors which were the age of farmer, formal and non-formal education, income, total land managed, the involvement of farmer in a cooperative, and environmental management did not motivate farmers to adopt Indonesian sustainable palm oil production system. While the experience of the farmers, family size, main job, involvement in farmer‘s association, doing good cultivation practice, and plantation management influenced the adoption of Indonesian sustainable palm oil production.
Agribusiness Strategy of Cocoa Farmer’s in Jember Regency, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: indah Pawana Nur , Nurhadi Eko , Hidayat Syarif Imam
Published: November 2019

Research purpose are examine and formulating the internal factors, external resources and various folk cocoa agribusiness management’s in Jember Regency. The study was conducted in Rambipuji and Wuluhan Jember. The study population is farmer households (RTP) cocoa and sampling using random sampling. Analysis of the data used is SWOT. The results showed that many internal factors, external of the various aspects of the management of resources and determining the development of the folk cocoa plantation. As an alternative to folk cocoa plantation development strategy is strength which is owned through that take advantage of the opportunities and chances include resources, business management and infrastructure in folk cocoa.
The Creation of Perception and Collaboration in Decreasing The Effects of Climate Change through Stem Education
Authors: Phanphet Suwattanarwong , Jomjunyong Sermkiat , Wangmai Athiwat , Sukprasert Narong , Boonyaprapa Pattana , Suttipong Ratanaree
Published: November 2019

The aim of this research was to study environmental catastrophes caused by climate change in northern Thailand, which have had a direct impact on people’s health, their quality of life, and the economy. It was found that the smog caused by forest fires, open-air burning, and smog emissions from vehicles has been the problems in northern Thailand. Furthermore, the level of particulate matter smaller than 10 microns (PM10) could rise to 383 micrograms per cubic meter of air in some years. This level exceeded by three times the air quality standards of Thailand with a 24-hour average level of 120 micrograms per cubic meter of air. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to study and develop the instruments, methods, and implementations in reducing the effects of climate change by constructing perception and collaboration in decreasing the effects of climate change through STEM Education with undergraduate students. The participants of this study were 67 students majoring in Industrial and Technological Education at Chiang Mai Rajabhat University who had the pre-service student teaching practicum experience in the academic year 2018. The participants of this study could be role models for knowledge management and publicize the knowledge of reducing catastrophic effects of smog among primary and secondary school students, school staff and communities and give aid when an emergency occurred. There were 40 schools in northern Thailand participating in this research project. With reference to the research findings, they revealed that before participating in this research project, the 67 students had knowledge of catastrophes caused by climate change in northern Thailand at a level of 45 percent on average, while their knowledge increased to 88 percent after taking part in this project. In other words, their knowledge increased by 43 percent or there was a significant increase in knowledge to 95 percent. It can be concluded that the students in this study could create a role model of knowledge management, distribute information on how to decrease catastrophe from the smog, and give help efficiently to the 40 schools participating in this research project when there was an emergency (without significant difference).
Pyrolysis of Polypropylene Plastic Waste into Liquid Fuel
Authors: Bow Yohandri , Rusdianasari  , Sutini Pujiastuti L
Published: November 2019

Plastic is overused in every life application resulting in the accumulation of plastic waste that takes a long time to decompose. An alternative way of handling plastic waste today is to convert plastic waste into fuel oil or called plastic pyrolysis process. Pyrolysis is a chemical decomposition of organic matter through a process of heating without or little oxygen in which the raw material will break the chemical structure into a gas phase. One of the factors affecting the pyrolysis process is the heating temperature in the reactor. In this research, the design of the plastic waste pyrolysis tool using the thermal cracking method with a capacity of 500 grams using infrared heating element. The raw materials used are Polypropylene type plastic. The independent variables are temperature variations in the reactor, i.e., 250°C, 300°C, and 350°C. The dependent variable is the mass of plastic waste, operating time, and operating pressure. From the research results, the higher the heating temperature in the reactor, the higher the % yield, density, specific gravity, and volume of liquid product produced. Conversely, the higher the temperature, the lower API Gravity, Heating Value, and Flash Point are.
The impact of the quality of diesel fuel on the efficiency of engines
Authors: Iovleva E L , Kirikova N V , Borisov A A , Stepanov P A
Published: November 2019

High-quality diesel fuel is the guarantee of work of an internal combustion engine. Low ambient temperature has an influence on the physical and chemical properties of diesel fuel. It becomes a reason for failure of details of a high pressure fuel pump system. This issue is more acute in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) where the surrounding air temperature can reach up to -60C and where the essential goods are delivered to the regions of the Far North by winter roads. The article illustrates the results of experimental study of the quality of arctic diesel fuel taken from different filling stations of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). It also suggests a way of increase of fuel efficiency for equipment operated in the North. The article also presents a mathematical model of fuel cost during winter time. The main operational properties of arctic diesel fuel are studied. The work was carried out in the laboratory of “General, analytical and physical chemistry” department. The samples of diesel fuel were divided into three categories according to their geographic locations: central, northern and riverside. Three samples of arctic diesel fuel from different filling stations were taken in each of the regions. The study revealed that the chosen main properties of diesel fuel, such as: density, viscosity, fractional structure and low-temperature properties differ from standard values.
Development of vehicles to be operated on rough roads and in off-road conditions
Authors: Tsvetkov V V , Rusopov V L
Published: November 2019

The article presents the results of a study on the demand for goods vehicles along rough roads. It analyzes the main existing approaches for driving on surfaces with non-hard coatings. The main problems are associated with either roads or existing vehicles to be operated in having no hard-surface roads territories of the Russian Federation. The main directions to develop universal vehicles to be used on rough roads are defined.
The potential capacity of tires to create cornering forces on the roads covered with chemical anti-icing materials
Authors: Fedotov A I , Gergenov S M , Yu Kuznetsov N
Published: November 2019

The paper presents the results of the study of the influence of chemical anti-icing materials on the capability of tires to create cornering forces that affect road holding and steerability of a vehicle. In this article bench and road methods of testing of tires rolling along the planes covered with chemical anti-icing materials have been applied. It demonstrates a research method used to determine the stationary and non-stationary characteristics of the elastic tires pull rolling along the planes covered with chemical anti-icing materials. The experiments are obtained in bench conditions on a special tire tester developed by scientists of the Department “Road transport” of Irkutsk National Research Technical University, as well as in road condition on a tire tester developed by scientists of the Department “Road transport” of Irkutsk National Research Technical University and the Department “Automobiles” of East Siberia State University of Technology and Management. The experimental results are presented in graphs. Obtained results allow concluding that on the roads covered with chemical anti-icing materials (CAIM) the capability of tires to create cornering forces is sharply reduced.
Formation of priority movement corridors of urban passenger transport
Authors: Gorev A E , Solodkii A I , Popova O V , Ospanov D T
Published: November 2019

Principles of the formation of priority movement corridors of urban passenger transport (UPT) are considered. The definition of the corridor of UPT priority traffic flow is given, the conditions and requirements for its formation on the road network are considered. A criteria analysis for the formation of such a corridor is given, recommendations on methods of organizing traffic and separating the flow of road transport and UPT are given.
The calculation method of the length of contact of car tires with the road surface
Authors: Balakina E V , Zadvornov V N , Sarbaev D S , Sergienko I V , Kozlov Yu N
Published: November 2019

In the tasks of modeling the motion stability, controllability and braking dynamics of cars and buses, information is required on the car tires contact length with the road surface. The car tires contact length is usually calculated from geometrical considerations (using the Hedekel formula). In this case, the experimental data of this value turn out to be less than the calculated ones due to the deformation features of the car tires. To account for this reduction in the contact patch length, the authors developed a general method for determining the correction coefficient. Previously, they developed a similar method for low-profile radial passenger car tires. Now it is valid for all passenger and truck tires. This will allow calculating the car tires contact length more correctly.
System planning the motor transport enterprise functioning in freighting in interurban communication
Authors: Trofimova L S
Published: November 2019

Modern economic conditions, requiring directors to make management decisions aimed at fulfilling the contracts terms and to earn a profit, are underscored. The purpose of the study is to develop a schedule-planning system of a motor transport enterprise (MTE) in order to fulfil the contracts terms and to earn a profit at the expense of commercial and technical maintenance interrelation during the freighting in interurban communication. Records of Commercial and technical operation are submitted in a form of indicators, depending on length of the ride in interurban communication with the cargo and the shipment mass. A scheme, scoring the results of scheduling the upper and lower limits of the ride haul distance with the cargo and the shipments mass with a probability of 0.95, is proposed. The system has been developed under the current methodology concept of the freight MTE work, contemplating the commercial and technical operation correlation and allowing considering the MTE running in the freighting in interurban communication as a probability process. The economic efficiency of the current MTE work scheduling is estimated by the profit margin. For the practical implementation of the proposed system, the author-developed scientific software was used. The use of the developed scheduling system on practice has provided more profit than the profit calculated by the applied method by 10.8%. The presented system will allow determining the planned indicators of commercial and technical operation, costs, results and profits to fulfill the contracts terms by a certain technological scheme in accordance with the needs for freighting, which should be taken into account when managing the resources and capacity of motor transport enterprises on the efficiency criteria basis.
The modern concept of thermal preparation of automotive equipment and tools for its implementation
Authors: Gabitov I I , Negovora A V , Razyapov M M , Kozeev A A , Magafurov R J
Published: November 2019

The necessity of adjusting the regulatory documentation for the operation of automotive equipment at low temperatures and the development of an “Integrated thermal training system” for it are substantiated. The description of the main components of the heat treatment system and the methods of the heat treatment are given by the example of a hot gas generator. The methods of thermal preparation of ATT, as well as ways to reduce the temperature of the coolant of the generator of hot gases and increase its efficiency, are considered.
Upgrading seat suspension of tractor Belarus 1221
Authors: Polivaev O I , Loschenko A V , Belyansky R G , Kuznetsov A N
Published: November 2019

Ways to reduce vibrations at the tractor operator’s workplace in the unit with a trailer by improving the design of the suspension cushioning system are considered. Analysis of existing types of suspension systems shows that the most effective, in terms of reducing vibration loading, are active and semi-active systems. To reduce the vibration level at the tractor operator’s workplace in an aggregate with a trailer, an active seat suspension design has been developed. It includes a system of sensors and actuators that allow the current stiffness and damping of structural elements to be highly efficient in controlling the tractor operator’s workplace. To assess the effective use of the developed design, and compare it with the efficiency of the serial seat suspension, road tests were carried out. The tractor-transport unit in the tractor Belarus-1221 and the trailer 2PTS-4.5 with the serial and experienced suspension design were chosen as the object of research. During the field tests, the acceleration values were determined for the operator’s seat, the cab floor, the front and rear axles of the tractor. The test results showed that the developed technical solution allows reducing the vibration acceleration levels by 12-18% in comparison with the serial design.
Method of calculating the adaptive damper of the pneumohydraulic spring for the suspension of a high-speed vehicle
Authors: Novikov V V , Pozdeev A V , Markov G V , Pokhlebin A V , Chumakov D A , Chernyshov K V , Leonard A V
Published: November 2019

This work contains a description and method of calculating the pneumohydraulic spring with the adaptive damper, which is self-regulating depending on the amplitude, frequency, and direction of oscillation of the suspension of a high-speed vehicle on a wheeled and tracked drive.
Methods for implementation results assessment of the contactless fare collection system
Authors: Budrin A , Budrina E , Lebedeva A , Rogavichene L
Published: November 2019

The article presents the research results of the effects arising from the introduction of contactless fare collection system on public urban transport, including technical, technological, economic, organizational, managerial, environmental and synergistic effects. Based on the selected positive effects, economic benefits and possible risks associated with one or another type of effect, the results assessment method of innovative fare collection system implementation has been developed. The proposed indicators system allows making comprehensive assessment of the results of the contactless fare collection system implementation on transport by using available source data. The method application on practice will ensure a scientific and systematic approach to the innovative development of urban passenger transport.
Management of preventive maintenance of vehicles
Authors: Bulgakov N F , Kovalenko V V , Gorbaneva A V , Shalimov S N
Published: November 2019

The article discusses the issue of the application and improvement of the control system and decision-making when servicing vehicles. For more effective management of the vehicles technical condition, a complex of programs developed at the Department of “Transport” of the PI SFU is proposed. Their use will help to reduce the time spent on decision making, increase the level of reliability and durability of vehicle components, study the patterns of changes in reliability indicators and monitor the effectiveness of decisions made.
Software for automated supervisory control of navigation system and accounting of road transport for the Northern regions of the Russian Federation
Authors: Filippova N
Published: November 2019

Nowadays there is the following mechanism for collecting information on imported cargo: information from a way-bill; cargo receipt; way-bills per day; transmission of information to accounting department. This collection mechanism does not ensure the convenience of their use and processing. In addition, the efficiency of the data is not ensured, since the necessary information is received for processing only the next day. The aim of the work is to develop a standard configuration of workstations and justification of their functions. Methods of collecting and analyzing data on the operation of automated systems, as well as methods of configuration and rationalization are used in the work. The result of the work is a compiled and justified model of the configuration of the automated control system and justification of the importance of its application.
On the development trends of the machine-tractor park of the agro-industrial complex of Russia
Authors: Drovnikov A N , Yu Kalmykov B
Published: November 2019

Currently, agricultural machinery is characterized by low technical level and high wear. The tractor fleet is basically based on outdated machines that do not meet modern requirements for the consumption of operating (fuel and oil) and construction materials, reliability, environmental impact (water and air basins, soil, the content of harmful impurities in exhaust gases), working conditions and level of automation and other indicators. The wide use of combined harvesters shows significant shortcomings typical of currently produced combine harvesters. Extremely high concentration of operations in one machine, typical of modern self-propelled combines, with high productivity, severe restrictions on harvesting, loss and damage to grain, with high requirements for durability and reliability leads to an increase in machine weight. As a result, there are problems to increase its cost, soil compaction during harvesting, reducing crop yields, and highly qualified personnel for operation, maintenance and repair. The article analyzes the trends of further development of agricultural machinery, based on the solutions proposed in the Russian-Belarusian patents, aimed at solving these problems.