bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Birth Experience of Women in the Czech Prison System
Authors: Lochmannová Alena , Kolář Ondřej , Martin Colin R.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND:Evidence regarding the incarceration of women generally indicates significant mental health challenges, particularly elevated depression and reduced self-esteem. However, in the Czech Republic, little research has been undertaken on the birth experiences of women in this population, and indeed, more generally, there is little research undertaken on this specific group of women.

METHODS:A quantitative questionnaire-based cohort study was undertaken in a major women’s prison in the Czech Republic. The Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R), the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) were administered to participants. Comparisons with normative data using the one-samplettest, comparisons between depression screen positive/negative groups using the independentttest, and correlational analysis were conducted. A measure of postpartum posttraumatic stress disorder (PP-PTSD) was also administered.

RESULTS:BSS-R subscale scores were observed to be either similar or higher than the noncustodial population. High screen-positive rates of EPDS-assessed depression were observed, and the study cohort was characterized by low RSES-assessed self-esteem. PP-PTSD levels approximated the noncustodial population.

CONCLUSIONS:Women in the Czech prison system report levels of birth satisfaction equal to or better than noncustodial women. However, the mental health of this group is comparatively impoverished, thus presenting a complex relationship between birth experience and mental health during the prison sentence. Limitations of the research are discussed, and the direction of future research is indicated.
Turkey's Double Standard Policy Towards Israel During the Presidency of Recep Tayyip Erdogan from 2019 to 2021
Authors: Pratama M Rizki
Published: July 2024

This research is entitled Turkey's Double Standard Politics Against Israel in the Era of President Recep Tayyip Erdogan's Government in 2019-2021.  This study was conducted to find out the efforts made by the Turkish government in responding to its foreign relations with Israel based on its country's national interests.
This study uses descriptive qualitative methods and the primary data in this study is Ms. Dina Sulaeman, she is a lecturer in International Relations at Padjadjaran University and is an expert or expert on matters relating to political and policy coverage in the Middle East region. While the secondary data in this study are books, international journals, archives or reports of someone who is related to the research.  The data analysis technique used qualitative analysis techniques, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions/verification.
The results of this research indicate that the double standard politics carried out by the Turkish government against Israel is a representation of Turkey's national interests.  Every Turkish foreign policy towards Israel, both positive and negative policies always refers to Turkey's national interests where foreign policy always prioritizes the principle of balance between security and democracy, zero problem policy toward Turkey's neighbors, developing relations with neighboring countries, implementing multidimensional foreign policy, and rhythmic diplomacy
The Political Representation of Women Politicians from Mass-Based Islamic Parties in Palembang City Regarding the Low Representation of Women in Legislative Bodies (A Study on the PAN and PKS Parties in Palembang City)
Authors: Ferlinda Sari Suci , Zalpa Yulion , Kawwami Afif Musthofa
Published: July 2024

The background of this research provides an in-depth understanding of the representation of female politicians from Islamic mass-based parties in Palembang, highlighting the ongoing issue of insufficient female representation. Despite the implementation of a 30% quota, women's representation in parliament does not reach this threshold due to various obstacles to political participation. This research specifically examines the representation of female politicians in the PAN and PKS parties in Palembang to understand both the presence of female politicians in the city and the central-level policies supporting women in the region. In Palembang, the PAN party allocates a 38% quota for female politicians, while the PKS party allocates a 30% quota.
This study employs descriptive qualitative methods and was conducted in Palembang. Data were collected through in-depth interviews using purposive sampling techniques. Primary data sources include interviews, while secondary data sources include literature reviews. The findings reveal that in the PAN party, women have a 38% quota, supported by an organization called National Mandate Women (PUAN) that handles recruitment. In the PKS party, the women's quota is 30%, with recruitment conducted through various channels, including assessments of cadres' abilities and expertise. The 2019 elections showed a shift, with women becoming more independent in their political decisions, previously influenced by men's political preferences.
The Political Response of Millennial Generation to the Replacement of the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) Logo
Authors: Irwani Anton , Mikail Kiki , Adytyas Nico Oktario
Published: July 2024

The objective of this study is to understand the political response of millennials to the logo change of the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS), focusing on a case study involving students from the Islamic Politics Department at the Faculty of Adab and Humanities. The results of this study indicate that the changes made by PKS have impacted millennials, who perceive PKS as fresher, more youthful, and optimistic. With the logo change, PKS has successfully conveyed the party's vision and mission and its efforts to engage more closely with the millennial generation. This is attributed to the party's symbol, including its color, typography, and imagery, which are memorable, unique, and easily understood. The change not only brings a positive image to the party but also increases millennials' interest in getting to know PKS by seeking further information about the party, thereby enhancing their political awareness and understanding of PKS. However, this effect has yet to be proven during the 2024 election contest. It remains to be seen how voters will respond to PKS in the 2024 elections.
Pengaruh Paparan Medan Elektromagnetik ELF Intensitas 500 µT dan 1000 µT Terhadap Panjang dan Diameter Tulang Femur Mencit Balb/C
Authors: Ferdianti Cindy Ineke , Sudarti  , Trapsilo Prihandono
Published: July 2024

WHO has determined the threshold for exposure to magnetic fields, an intensity of 100µT for the general public, and an intensity of 500µT for workers, but the impact of this exposure on bones still needs to be studied. The aim of this research is to examine the effect of exposure to ELF electromagnetic fields with intensities of 500µT and 1000µT on bones. This research was included in the True Design Experiment using 21 Balb/C mice which were divided equally into 3 groups, the control group, the 500µT intensity experimental group, and the 1000µT intensity experimental group. Intermittent exposure is 3 hours for 30 days. The variables measured in this study were the length and diameter of the right and left femur bones of mice. The measurement data were then analyzed using SPSS 23 software. The results of this study revealed that there was no significant difference in the length of the femur bone between the experimental group and the control group. Meanwhile, in the diameter of the right femur bone of mice, a significant difference was found between the experimental group at 1000µT intensity and the control group. In the diameter of the left femur bone of mice, a significant difference was found between the experimental group at 500µT intensity and 1000µT intensity compared to the control group.
ANALISIS YURIDIS PERGANTIAN NAZHIR OLEH WAKIF PADA PUTUSAN PENGADILAN AGAMA NOMOR 0168/Pdt.6/2018/PA.Pyk
Authors: Hidayat Rahmat , Tiswarni Tiswarni , Hadi Sutrisno , Ramadani Ramadani
Published: July 2024

This paper examines the juridical analysis of the change of nazhir conducted by the wakif in the decision of the Payakumbuh Religious Court Number 0168/Pdt.6/2018/PA. Pyk between the Suliki Kewedanan Organization as the plaintiff and the Amanah Islamic Education Foundation as the defendant. The author wants to analyze juridically the change of nazhir carried out by the wakif contained in the court decision, whether it is in accordance with positive law and Islamic law or not. This research is included in the scope of legal research with the primary data source being the Religious Court Decision Number 0168/Pdt.6/2018/PA. Pyk and the results of interviews with the panel of judges who decided the case. The results showed that the case of the waqf dispute was related to the change of nazhir carried out by the wakif and the heirs of the wakif because the previous nazhir did not carry out its functions and duties to manage waqf. The judge's consideration that decided this case included that the Organization was proven not to carry out its duties as a nazhir, the mechanism for changing nazhirs was in accordance with applicable regulations, and nazhir was an organization that was not clear about its AD / ART so it was considered an illegal organization. In terms of Positive Law, the judge's decision cannot be fully justified because some are in line with Law No. 41 of 2004 and BWI regulations and some are not. The decision that is in line with positive law is to reject the plaintiff's claim that the waqf land and its assets are handed back under the management of PWKS because the organization did not carry out the conditions conveyed by the wakif when the waqf pledge occurred. While the inappropriate verdict is the process of changing nazhir which must go through BWI. In terms of Islamic Law, this ruling is appropriate, because a nazhir who cannot perform his duties may be dismissed by the wakif who chooses him, because the wakif has the authority to choose and replace the nazhir he appointed.
PERJANJIAN HUTANG ANTARA PETANI DAN PENGEPUL HASIL PANEN KOPI DI DESA KEMBAHANG LAMA KABUPATEN EMPAT LAWANG DITINJAU DARI FIQH MUAMALAH
Authors: Siska Yeyen , Burhan Muhammad , Marzuki Marzuki
Published: July 2024

This thesis is entitled Debt Agreements Between Farmers and Collectors of Coffee Harvests in Kembahang Lama Village, Empat Lawang Regency. This thesis answers two questions; First, the form of a debt agreement between farmers and coffee harvesters in Kembahang Lama Village, Talang Padang District, Empat Lawang Regency. Second, namely the Fiqh Muamalah review of the debt agreement between farmers and collectors of coffee harvests in Kembahang Lama Village, Talang Padang District, Empat Lawang Regency. The research used in this research is field research. Sources of data used are primary data sources (obtained through direct observation and interviews with informants) and secondary data sources (obtained through literature on motor vehicle tax, either in the form of books, journals or websites). The result of the discussion is that the Debt Agreement between Farmers and Collectors of Coffee Harvests in Kembahang Lama Village, Empat Lawang Regency is not allowed because there is one condition that is violated, namely the sighat condition.
KEBUDAYAAN DAN PERADABAN
Authors: Antasari Rina
Published: July 2024

The word culture and civilization are two words that have enough understandingamong the experts, this is due to their different points of view in accordance with theexisting disciplines on them and see also the times. So for this time to approximately160 cultural understanding definitions found. Besides, there are those who equateCulture with the understanding between civilizations and there is also adistinguishing sense. And there is also known a few words related to Culture andCivilization in words Civilization, Culture, hadara, Tsaqafah and civilization.Therefore, in this article will explain what the similarities and differences in thesewords.
REQUESTIONING AKAD MURABAHAH PADA PERBANKAN SYARI’AH: SEBUAH PERDEBATAN TEORITIS
Authors: Sumantri Rinol
Published: July 2024

Jual beli merupakan salah satu kegiatan muamalah yang disebut dengan al’bai menurut bahasa berarti memindahkan hak milik terhadap benda dengan akad saling mengganti. Kegiatan jual beli ini bermacam-macam dan yang menjadi kajian dalam penelitian ini tentang jual beli online, karena jual beli online adalah suatu proses jual beli yang dimudahkan dengan adanya kemajuan teknologi lewat dunia maya, dimana hal tersebut bisa dijangkau hanya melalui sebuah komputer dan telepon genggam. Dalam jual beli online terdapat berbagai macam jenis jual beli, salah satu diantaranya adalah dengan sistem dropshipping dimana seorang dropshipper menjual barang ke pelanggan dengan bermodalkan foto dari supplier atau toko (tanpa harus menyetok barang) dan menjual ke pelanggan dengan harga yang ditentukan oleh dropshipper. Setelah pelanggan mentransfer uang ke rekening dropshipper Dropshipper membayar kepada supplier sesuai dengan harga beli dropshipper (ditambah dengan ongkos kirim ke pelanggan) serta memberikan data-data pelanggan (nama, alamat, no ponsel) kepada supplier. Barang yang dipesan akan dikirim oleh supplier ke pelanggan. Namun, nama pengirim yang tercantum tetaplah nama si dropshipper Untuk menjawab permasalahan penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan yaitu data sekunder adalah data yang diperoleh dari wawancara dengan pelaku bisnis online, buku-buku, literature, artikel, majalah, koran dan sebagainya yang berhubungan dengan pembahasan mekanisme transaksi jual beli dengan sistem dropshipping pada bisnis online. Berdasarkan pembahasan diperoleh hasil dari penelitian ini bahwa dropshipping tidak bertentangan dengan syariat Islam karena telah memenuhi rukun dan syarat jual beli serta telah sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip syari’at perniagaan seperti menjaga kejujuran, tidak menjual barang milik orang lain dan menghindari riba.
PERSEPSI DOSEN FAKULTAS SYARI’AH DAN HUKUM UIN RADEN FATAH PALEMBANG TERHADAP PRAKTEK PEMBULATAN HARGA DARI TOTAL BELANJA KONSUMEN DI TOKO SWALAYAN
Authors: Sanata Alfan , Nilawati Nilawati , Gibtiah Gibtiah
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT
This research entitled Perception of Syari'ah Faculty Lecturers and Law of UIN Raden Fatah Palembang Against the Practice of Rounding Prices from Total Consumer Expenditures  at  Supermarkets.  This  research  is  motivated  by the  practice  of  price rounding that occurs in supermarkets. The practice of rounding prices seems to only benefit one party because it is done without an agreement between the two parties. Two things were raised as the focus of the research. First, what was the Perception of the Lecturers of the Faculty of Sharia and the Law of UIN Raden Fatah Palembang on the Practice of Rounding Prices of Total Consumer Expenditures at Supermarkets. Second, What is the Legal Basis Used by Lecturers of the Sharia Faculty and Law of UIN Raden Fatah Palembang Against the Practice of Rounding Prices from Total Consumer Expenditures at Supermarkets. This research is a field research (Field Research), which is located in the Faculty of Syari'ah and the Law of UIN Raden Fatah Palembang. The method of data collection in this study is through interviews and literature. as primary data obtained from interviews with the Syari'ah Faculty Lecturers and the Law of UIN Raden Fatah Palembang. While secondary data is data obtained from books and research results related to the practice of rounding prices. after the data is obtained, then it is analyzed using qualitative descriptive techniques. From the descriptions presented by various reviews, the authors conclude that the perceptions of the Shari'ah faculty lecturers and the law of raden fatah regarding the practice of rounding prices of total consumer spending in supermarkets must be in accordance with the rules that apply in Islamic teachings. The legal basis that is suitable for use by lecturers is QS. An-Nisa ': 29, which is a strict prohibition on a believer who eats up the wealth of others with a physical path, except in trading on the basis of liking. And QS. Al-Maidah: 38 "assariqu wassariqatu faqtha’u aidiyahuma" that if a man or woman steals, then cut off his second hand.
ANALISIS HUKUM TENTANG CALON PRESIDEN DAN CALON WAKIL PRESIDEN REPUBLIK INDONESIA
Authors: Mustajab Muhammad , Burlian Paisol
Published: July 2024

The 2019 President and Vice President General Election of the Republic of Indonesia is a democratic process to elect the President and Vice President of the Republic of Indonesia 2019-2024. This general election process not only aims to determine the change of head of state, but also as a concept of the functioning of a democratic system. This is because in a democratic election system is part of the constitutional rights of every citizen that has been guaranteed by our constitution. Sovereignty is in the hands of the people and implemented according to the Basic Law. That is the main principle of the source of state power, namely the sovereign people and the Basic Law guarantees the exercise of sovereignty.
Assessment of Biochemical Parameters as Indicators of Protein Energy Malnutrition in Turkish Children: A Comprehensive and Retrospective Study
Authors: Gülbetekin Eda , Kılınç Namık
Published: July 2024

This study aims to address this research gap by meticulously analyzing the biochemical parameters of children aged 0-59 months diagnosed with Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) within the confines of a state hospital over a two-year period. This study is a retrospective study evaluating the biochemistry and hormone laboratory findings of 302 children aged 0-59 months who were diagnosed with Protein Energy Malnutrition between the years 2020-2022 in the pediatric health and diseases clinic of Iğdır State Hospital. This study investigated the distribution of various biochemical parameters in children diagnosed with protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) and explored their significance within this context. The findings, based on reference values, revealed substantial proportions of children with abnormal values for iron, immunoglobulin (IgM and IgA), liver enzymes (ALT and AST), creatinine, CRP, and vitamin D. Gender-based differences were observed for calcium, IgM, Folate, and TSH, with notable variations between male and female children. Correlations between age and various parameters were identified, underscoring the complex interplay between developmental stages and biochemical values. The study highlights the importance of addressing deficiencies, potential complications, and demographic influences in managing PEM. The absence of demographic data integration in existing studies serves as a limitation, emphasizing the need for comprehensive research in this domain. Overall, these insights contribute to a deeper understanding of biochemical dynamics in children with PEM, aiding targeted interventions for improved health outcomes.
Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Anak Usia 4-6 Tahun dengan APE Busy Board Biji-Bijian melalui Teori Belajar Keterampilan Abad 21
Authors: Saputra Salwa Tsabitha , Widjayatri Rr Deni
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggunakan teori pembelajaran abad 21 untuk mengetahui keterampilan berpikir kritis pada anak usia dini 4 sampai 6 tahun dengan menggunakan bibit APE Busy Board. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif, yaitu studi tentang fenomena alam. Metode ini menekankan pada penggambaran nyata tanpa adanya manipulasi dan dilakukan dalam situasi normal. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada anak usia 4,5 dan 6 tahun di JL. 45, Kaujon, Serang Banten dengan menggunakan metode pengambilan data observasi.Aspek yang diukur pada penelitian ini ialah aspek kognitif anak, dimana berpikir kritis merupakan bagian dari kognitif tersebut. Pada penelitian ini anak belajar dan memecahkan masalah melalui cara mendeteksi berat dari biji-bijian yang akan ditimbang pada anak usia 4-5 tahun anak masih membutuhkan bantuan atau pengingat mendeteksi berat dari biji-bijian yang akan ditimbang. Dan untuk anak 6 tahun melakukannya secara mandiri dan konsisten, tanpa perlu contoh atau pengingat untuk mendeteksi berat dari biji-bijian yang akan ditimbang. Pada capaian berpikir kritis anak usia 4 tahun masih membutuhkan demonstrasi atau bimbingan untuk mengkonsepkan arti dari seimbang, lebih berat, dan lebih ringan. Pada usia 5 tahun anak melakukannya secara mandiri dan konsisten, tanpa perlu contoh atau pengingat untuk mengkonsepkan arti dari seimbang, lebih berat, dan lebih ringan. Dan pada usia 6 tahun anak sudah menyelesaikannya secara mandiri.Dan pada capaian berpikir simbolik anak usia 4-6 tahun mampu membandingkan besar atau kecil ukuran biji-bijian yang diambil secara mandiri.
Gangguan Tidur Pada Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun
Authors: Putri Atika , Yuliati Nanik , Saputri Senny Weyara Dienda
Published: July 2024

Anak usia dini mengalami pertumbuhan fisik yang pesat. Tidur memiliki peran fundamental dalam proses pertumbuhan anak usia dini. Daya tahan tubuh anak yang lemah terjadi karena tidak optimalnya pertumbuhan dan regenerasi sel sebagai dampak kurang tidurnya anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sleep disorders anak usia dini 4-5 tahun. Metodologi penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif survey dengan subjek orangtua anak usia 4-5 tahun yang bersekolah di sekolah TK An Najahiyyah Pakisaji. Hasil penelitian  ini menunjukkan beberapa karakteristik tanda gangguan tidur anak usia dini 4-5 tahun seperti tanda fisik berupa ekspresi wajah (terdapat cekungan dan warna hitam disekitar tepi area mata serta bengkak disekitar kelopak mata), intensitas menguap yang tinggi, kurang konsentrasi, mual dan pusing. Sedangkan untuk psikologis seseorang anak ditunjukkan dengan perilaku menarik diri, kurang responsif, merasa kurang enak badan, bingung, daya ingat berkurang, malas berbicara, timbul ilusi dan halusinasi serta kemampuan mengambil keputusan serta memberikan pertimbangan yang menurun  Secara kuantitatif hasil penelitian ini mendeskripsikan kondisi gangguan tidur pada pada anak 4-5 tahun di TK An-Najahiyah yang dikategorikan insomnia sebesar 66,7%, hypersomnia sebesar 40%, mimpi buruk sebesar 20%, tidur berjalan sebesar 6,7% dan tidak ditemukan anak yang mengalami gangguan tidur berupa terror tidur.
Pola Asuh Anak Yatim Piatu di Yayasan Panti Asuhan Jendela Langit Semesta
Authors: Aji Adisty Deshiva Idfi , Aini Sayyidah Qurratu' , Winanti Suci , Imah Manzilatunna , Pertiwi Adharina Dian , Atika Aisyah Nur
Published: July 2024

Pola asuh merupakan gaya pengasuhan orang tua terhadap anaknya di dalam sebuah keluarga, namun akan berbeda keadaan jika pola asuh diterapkan pada sebuah lembaga kesejahteraan sosial anak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan gaya pengasuhan anak yatim piatu yang di asuh oleh orang lain dan dengan latar belakang kehidupan yang berbeda beda, dan pola pengasuhan yang digunakan dapat berdampak pada anak, juga untuk mengetahui perbedaan yang menonjol dari ketiga anak yang diteliti di Yayasan Panti Asuhan Jendela Langit Semesta. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik analisis data wawancara semi terstruktur dan observasi disertai dokumentasi. Sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak tiga dari 78 anak, di Yayasan Panti Asuhan Jendela Langit Semesta terdiri dari anak yang berusia tiga tahun sampai dengan usia dua puluh tahun. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa anak ketiga dengan pola asuh demokratis yang memiliki kelekatan lebih erat dengan pengasuhnya dapat membentuk karakter yang lebih cerdas dan berprestasi karena dampak dari kelekatan yang baik akan menumbuhkan rasa semangat serta motivasi belajar yang tinggi sehingga mampu mencetak prestasi lebih banyak daripada yang lain. Pola pengasuhan yang diterapkan tersebut dapat membantu anak berkembang sesuai minat dan bakatnya serta menciptakan berbagai macam prestasi.
Pengaruh Metode Permainan Estafet Kata Terhadap Kemampuan Membaca Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Aliya Novita Dwi Nur , Budyawati Luh Putu Indah , Atika Aisyah Nur
Published: July 2024

Kemampuan membaca pada anak usia dini merupakan kegiatan untuk mengoptimalkan kemampuan anak seperti menambah kosakata, meningkatkan pemahaman anak, pola pikir anak, dan melatih kepandaian berkomunikasi. Disini peneliti berupaya untuk tercapainya kemampuan membaca anak dengan melakukan pembelajaran dengan permainan yaitu permainan estafet kata. Pola penelitian ini menggunakan jenis Quasi Experimental (eksperimental semu) dengan desain “Non-Equivalent Control Grup”. Nilai yang diperoleh setelah perlakuan (Posttest) pada kelompok eksperimen 79,84 dan kelompok kontrol 72,72. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh kelompok dengan adanya perlakuan (eksperimen) mengalami peningkatan lebih baik apabila dibandingkan dengan kelompok yang tidak mendapatkan perlakuan (kontrol).  Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa Ho ditolak sedangkan Ha diterima. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa adanya pengaruh permainan estafet kata terhadap kemampuan membaca anak usia dini.
Discursive and dialogic interfaces, panoptic power and “penetrative technologies” in Denis Villeneuve’s “Blade Runner 2049”
Authors: Konefał Sebastian Jakub
Published: July 2024

Denis Villeneuve’s Blade Runner 2049 (2017) is a culture text that, in many scenes, creatively uses visualisations of futuristic machine interfaces designed to scan and penetrate realms inaccessible to humans. Many of these devices can be interpreted from the perspective of Vilém Flusser’s research on discursive and dialogic technologies. The former, according to the philosopher, serve to enslave individuals, while the latter as emancipatory gestures. The universe presented in Villeneuve’s film has the characteristics of a panoptic dystopia, in which knowledge is an element of strengthening corporate and state power. The discursive technologies associated with panoptic power, and their interfaces and functionaries, are here vested with the mission of finding and archiving data lost in a catastrophic incident to reinforce the oppressive order. The agent of telemetric upheaval, on the other hand, is the main character – the posthuman, who turns out by the end of the plot to be the personification of the idea of a dialogical interface – which can serve the homo sapiens with his cognitive abilities to discover inaccessible truths, enabling them to find a symbiotic way of humanity’s existence with its technological creations and opening up to the Other.
Improving the anti-skid system of a passenger electric locomotive
Authors: Kolpahch'yan Pavel , Andreev Vladimir
Published: July 2024

Objective: improving algorithms for protection against skidding and slipping using new methods for detecting excessive slipping of locomotive wheel pairs, allowing for early detection of the moment of loss of adhesion. Methods: the effectiveness of an anti-skid system is largely determined by the reliable detection of the occurrence of excessive wheel slip. Solving this problem requires the development of methods for isolating signals from the angular velocity of rotation and angular acceleration of the wheelset, taking into account dynamic processes in the mechanical part of the locomotive and interference in the measurement channel. Therefore, the article discusses the issues of processing rotation speed signals, extracting information about the amount of excess slip and angular acceleration of the wheelsets for use in anti-skid and skidding systems. One of the criteria that can improve the reliability of skid detection is proposed to use the “Estimated time before wheel locking”. Its value allows you to define the estimated time before the wheel jams (stops rotation). The introduction of this criterion makes it possible to more accurately determine the risk of a complete stop of wheelset rotation and increases the reliability of determining the occurrence of skidding. Results: it has been established that to eliminate errors in the measurement channel and isolate the signal about the angular acceleration of the wheelset in conditions of the presence of oscillations caused by the presence of the effects of the spatial dynamics of the locomotive, it is advisable to use a discrete Kalman filter. Signal processing using a Kalman filter in the presence of a reference signal makes it possible to significantly reduce the influence of spatial vibrations of the undercarriage of an electric locomotive when moving along a track with irregularities on the extracted signals of the angular velocity of rotation and angular acceleration of the wheelset. This makes it possible to reduce response thresholds and identify skidding and skidding before significant excess slip occurs. Practical importance: the necessity of using complex criteria based on the analysis of not only the slipping speed of wheelsets, but also angular accelerations, is shown to identify excessive slipping of locomotive wheelsets. Their use in the locomotive control system makes it possible to detect loss of adhesion in the early stages of slipping and skidding and improve the use of the adhesion weight of locomotives
Episodic syndromes associated with migraine (clinical and epidemiological study in pediatric practice)
Authors: Zhmyleva Polina V. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University),   Tambov Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Episodic syndromes of childhood that may be associated with migraine is an understudied condition rarely diagnosed in pediatric practice. The features of course in children of different age groups are not well described. The research purpose is to analyze the prevalence and characteristics of the course of childhood equivalents of migraine in children of various age groups in pediatric practice. Materials and methods. The study included the 1st (main) group of 250 children (120 (48 %) girls and 130 (52 %) boys) aged from 5 to 18 years (mean age – 13 (2.9) years, median age – 13 (11‒15) years) with complaints of headaches. The 2nd (comparative) group consisted of 250 children (119 (47.6 %) girls and 131 (52.4 %) boys) aged 5 to 18 years (mean age – 10.7 (3.6) years, median age – 10 (8‒14) years), who were treated in the pediatric department due to various somatic and neurological diseases (diabetes mellitus type I and II, gastritis, tachycardia, anemia, ventricular extrasystole, etc.) with no current complaints of headaches. An analysis of the socio-demographic, anamnestic, clinical and clinical-psychological characteristics of the studied groups was carried out. For statistical analysis and visualization of the obtained data we used the statistical computing environment R 4.3.0 (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria). The association was considered statistically significant at p < 0.05. Results. All episodic syndromes associated with migraine are connected with a high possibility of developing subsequent migraine headaches. These syndromes include recurrent gastrointestinal disorders (cyclic vomiting syndrome; abdominal migraine), benign paroxysmal torticollis, benign paroxysmal vertigo. Conclusion. Episodic syndromes associated with migraine are considered as precursors of migraine in children. As a rule, they appear in the early stages. For example, abdominal migraine, infant colic – an analogue of adult migraine. Children who suffer from these diseases at an early age are significantly more likely to suffer from migraine in adulthood, which is accompanied by gastrointestinal disorders and other syndromes. It should also be noted that episodic childhood syndromes associated with migraine are often observed in children not as separate, isolated syndromes, but are harbingers of migraine itself, that is, they are observed in the prodrome phase followed by a migraine attack. It has also been shown that episodic childhood syndromes associated with migraine can also be observed in the postdrome phase after a migraine attack.
O Brasil na visão dos Portugueses
Authors: Racy Gustavo
Published: July 2024

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar elementos da história do pensamento português a partir da cultura visual, abordando representações visuais da geografia e dos povos originários durante o século XVI. Em última instância, o artigo procura oferecer uma abordagem original para o estudo da história do Brasil a partir dos elementos artísticos produzidos no primeiro século de contato. Assumindo uma metodologia mista e especulativa, pretendemos mostrar como as formas de ver expressa pelos portugueses – neste caso pela pintura e pela cartografia – é expressão, também, de uma ideologia vigente, alicerçada sobre preceitos epistemológicos produzidos pelo desenvolvimento social de correntes de pensamento. Para atingir o objetivo proposto, o artigo se inicia com um panorama das representações dos indígenas brasileiros, das primeiras ilustrações à obra de Theodore De Bry. Num segundo movimento, analisamos três pinturas portuguesas que apresentam o indígena como figura importante da composição e, em terceiro lugar, discutimos o papel da cartografia – e, nela, a presença do território brasileiro – no contexto português. Com isso, espera-se contribuir com o aprofundamento de abordagens interdisciplinares para o estudo da história passada – e presente – do Brasil, focando-nos no papel e nos significados possíveis oferecidos pela produção cultural.
Critical analysis of academic psychological discourse on terrorism
Authors: Bezlaj Alina
Published: July 2024

The following article contains a critical analysis of nine psychology articles published in the journal American Psychologist, which examine the topic of terrorism from different angles. In these articles, the authors discuss the process of radicalization through cognitive opening, with possible causes of becoming a terrorist including emotions, social identity and mental health problems. Through analysing these discourses, it will be argued that the a priori goal of such mechanistic models and theories of terrorism is the delegitimization of the political phenomenon, thereby implicitly or openly reflecting the ideological standpoint of their authors.
In Silico Evaluation: Bioactive Compounds in Soursop Plant (Annona muricata L.) as Caspase-3 Inhibitor for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Aristokrat Aria , Widati Aqila Rumawan Maritsa , Amalia Hanifa Zahra , Luthfiyah Rahmani Syifa , Hanifah  , Parameswari Natashya , Puteri Agustina Pribadi Alya , Lia Aulifa Diah
Published: July 2024

Background: Prostate cancer has become one of the leading causes of death in men. Cancer patients often seek alternative treatments apart from chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. The use of medicinal plants in both preventive and curative actions in healthcare has been widely recognized. One of the plants known to have anticancer activity is the soursop leaf (Annona muricata L.). Objective: This study was conducted to explore the potential of active compounds contained in A. muricata as drug candidates for the inhibition of caspase-3 in silico. Methods: The research began with the prediction of Lipinski's Rule of Five and ADMET properties for the compounds found in A. muricata. The prediction process was followed by pharmacophore modelling and molecular docking simulations on caspase-3 (PDB: 1NME) as the target protein and 2-hydroxy-5-(2-mercapto-ethylsulfamoyl)-benzoic acid as the natural ligand using AutoDockTools 1.5.6. Results: Based on the molecular docking results, 22 test ligands were able to form bonds with the caspase-3 enzyme. The two best interactions were observed with the test ligands, Isolaureline and S-norcorydine, with binding energy values of -6.20 kcal /mol and -6.12 kcal /mol and inhibition constant values of 28.65 µM and 32.53 µM. In terms of receptor-target interactions, these two compounds also exhibited hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions similar to the natural ligand. Conclusion: The best bioactive compounds in A. muricata (Isolaureline and S-norcorydine) were predicted to have the ability to interact with caspase-3 and the potential to be used as prostate cancer drug candidates.
Identification of Drug Related Problems (DRPs) in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients at Palembang City Hospital
Authors: Hairun Niza  , Sarah Hanifah Az-Zahra Anwar  , Sintya Merinda
Published: July 2024

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic systemic inflammatory arthritis disease that affects mainly synovial joints. The incident of RA can lead to the emergence of complications or comorbidities, which then allows patients to receive a variety of therapies that can trigger the incidence of DRPs during the treatment. The prevalence of RA in Indonesia itself in 2018 has reached 7.30%, with the highest percentage occurring in the elderly age group and more prevalent in women. Objective: This study aimed to determine the incidence of DRPs in RA patients in Palembang city hospitals based on the category of DRPs identified as related to drug selection and dose selection problems, as the relationship between demographic factors and the incidence of DRPs. Methods: This research is non-experimental study conducted with a retrospective cross-sectional survey. Data collection was carried out by looking at patient medical record data at X and Y Hospital in Palembang from January 2021 to March 2023. Results: The results showed that the most frequent drps in the drug selection category were drug interactions (72.03%), while in the dose selection category were insufficient dosage regimens (60.74%). The results of bivariate analysis between the incidence of DRPs and gender (p=0.809), age (p=0.879), the number of drugs used (p=0.001), and comorbidities (p=0.089). Conclusion: There is no relationship between demographic factors and comorbidities with the incidence of DRPs, and there is a relationship between the number of drugs and the incidence of DRPs.
Molecular Docking and QSAR Study of 5-O-acylpinostrobin Derivatives as Topoisomerase IIα Inhibitors
Authors: Rahmah Siti , Widiandani Tri , Ekowati Juni , Adi Priatna Puja
Published: July 2024

Background: Cancer is one of the top causes of death worldwide. A wide range of illnesses known as cancer can start in almost any organ or tissue in the body when abnormal cells multiply uncontrollably. Cancer patients have higher levels of the Topo IIα protein in their cells, this protein has been proposed as a relevant target for anticancer treatment development. Objective: This study aims to predict the anticancer activity of pinostrobin and 5-O-acylpinostrobin derivatives against topoisomerase IIα by docking molecular and QSAR study. Methods: In silico analysis was performed using the structure of the topoisomerase IIα (PDB: 5GWK)) as templates. Molecular docking analysis was performed with AutoDock Vina. Result: All 5-O-acyl pinostrobin derivatives, showed lower ΔG values than the parent pinostrobin. The 5-O-acetyl pinostrobin compound showed the highest score, namely -9.14 kcal/mol. 5-O-acetyl pinostrobin is predicted as the most powerful inhibitor that can cause inhibition of topoisomerase IIα. Conclution: The results of the best QSAR equation obtained can be used as a reference for predicting the activity of the new pinostrobin derivatives to be synthesized by inserting the electronic (Etot) parameter values of the compounds into the equation.
Formulation and SPF Value Evaluation of Sunscreen Spray Gel Containing Lime Peel Extract (Citrus aurantifolia)
Authors: Ericasyifa Salsabila  , Wulandari Fitri , Evieta Rohana
Published: July 2024

Background: High exposure to sunlight has adverse effects on the skin. Lime peel contains more than 60% flavonoids, presenting the potential to function as a sunscreen due to the presence of conjugated aromatic benzene groups, capable of absorbing UV-A or UV-B rays from the sun. To prevent skin damage, lime peel extract is formulated into a spray gel, as it has the ability to dry rapidly, enhancing overall comfort for consumers during application. Objective: To determine the influence of variation concentration of lime peel extract in the sunscreen spray gel on its physical properties and in vitro SPF value. Methods: Lime peel crude extract was obtained using 70% ethanol and formulated into a sunscreen spray gel at concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15%. The spray gel formulation was evaluated for its physical quality and SPF value. Results: The variation in extract concentration has a statistically significant effect on the physical properties of the preparation and SPF values (P<0.05). The physical stability conditions in each formula (F1, F2, and F3) meet the requirements of the spray gel preparation in terms of pH, viscosity, spreading test, drying time test, and adhesion test. The spray gel preparations F1 (5%), F2 (10%), F3 (15%) each have SPF values of 20, 25, and 35 respectively. Conclusion: The spray gel formulations in F1 (5%), F2 (10%), and F3 (15%) are physically stable and have moderate to high SPF values, with F3 (15%) having the highest SPF value of 35.
Molecular Docking and Pharmacokinetic Studies of Moringa oleifera As Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
Authors: Hasan Rahmawaty , Herowati Rina
Published: July 2024

Background: Hypertension in pregnancy is a vascular disorder that occurs before pregnancy or arises during pregnancy that there were 30% of cases of maternal death. Moringa oleifera's potential to lower blood pressure can be utilized as an alternative antihypertensive during pregnancy, minimizing the risk of preeclampsia. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the molecular target of Moringa oleifera is intended to optimize pharmacodynamic activity based on the interaction pattern of the compounds with the ACE inhibitor (PDB ID: 1O86). Methods: Molecular docking is carried out using Autodock 4.0 program (AutoDock Tools). Results: According to the binding energy value and ACE inhibitory interaction, a-Rhamnopyranosyl, b-Sitosterol, and Sinalbin are prospective Moringa oleifera compounds as alternative antihypertensive. These potential compounds can inhibit ACE with binding energy -8.23; -9.27; -9.14 kcal/mol. Pharmacokinetic predictions reported that the potential compounds are absorbed in the intestine and indicates as molecules are tightly bound to plasma proteins and, as well as CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 inhibitors. The prediction of toxicity indicates that the potential compounds are classified as drug-induced acute liver failure with low carcinogens. Conclusion: a-Rhamnopyranosyl, b-Sitosterol and Sinalbin can be suitable lead compounds for synthetic drugs for antihypertensive agents.
Surfactants and the importance of informed consent: Nurturing culturally competent care in healthcare settings
Authors: Gupta Priyanka , Singh Vishwajeet , Pareek Prince
Published: July 2024

Background: Culturally competent healthcare improves patient satisfaction and clinical outcomes. Many drugs, dressings and implants have human or animal-derived content which may conflict with patients’ religious beliefs, and may even have medicolegal implications. Methods: This cross-sectional study (anonymous web-based survey) was done to understand the informed consent process followed by paediatricians and neonatologists in India, their views regarding disclosure pertaining to the animal origin of exogenous surfactants to patients’ families, and their willingness and ability to provide alternative surfactants based on parental preferences. Results: A total of 114 neonatologists/paediatricians involved in neonatal care and using surfactants in their practice responded to the survey. Although 61(53.5%) neonatal care units stocked two or more brands of surfactant in their inventory, only 38(33.3%) units had both bovine and porcine preparations. Most (104, 91.2%) of the doctors always take parental consent before administering surfactants; but only a few (12,10.5%) said they always inform parents about its animal origin. None of the respondents offer parents a choice between bovine or porcine-origin surfactants, most (73, 64%) presuming that it would be irrelevant for the parents. However, many respondents (27, 23.7%) mentioned that they want to offer the choice to parents but are unable to do so because they do not stock both bovine and porcine preparations. Conclusion: Although most parents might agree to a life-saving medicine in emergency situations, this does not mean they do not want to be informed. Healthcare professionals should not have a dismissive attitude to parental belief systems. They must use the antenatal period to take the cultural/spiritual history and the necessary consent.
Recenzje i noty
Authors: Magowska Anita , Gaertner Henryk , Moskalewicz Marcin , Kliwicki Sebastian , Wasilewski Bogdan , Bogusz Halina
Published: July 2024

Recenzje i noty
History of genetic research on keratoconus
Authors: Kulińska Karolina
Published: July 2024

Stożek rogówki (Keratoconus, KC) – obustronna niezapalna choroba oczu charakteryzująca się ścieńczeniem, zniekształceniem i uwypukleniem przedniej części rogówki, co prowadzi do pogorszenia ostrości widzenia, astygmatyzmu, w najcięższych przypadkach – do utraty wzroku. KC to choroba o złożonej etiologii, z silnym udziałem czynników genetycznych. Badania mające na celu scharakteryzowanie podłoża genetycznego stożka rogówki trwają już ponad 100 lat. Jak do tej pory naukowcom nie udało się zidentyfikować markerów genetycznych choroby – przydatnych we wczesnej diagnostyce i leczeniu. Niniejsza praca ukazuje historyczny aspekt badań genetycznych nad stożkiem rogówki.
Value of press commercials as sources for history of pharmacy on the examples of advertisements placed in the daily “Gazeta Torunska” in 1867-1921
Authors: Zdrojewska-Nowak Marta
Published: July 2024

W artykule podjęto problem wartości reklam prasowych jako źródeł historyczno-farmaceutycznych. Przedstawiono wyniki analizy 7869 ogłoszeń produktów leczniczych i wyrobów medycznych zamieszczonych w latach 1867-1921 w dzienniku „Gazeta Toruńska”. Ustalono, jakie działanie farmakologiczne miały reklamowane produkty, jakie prawdopodobnie zawierały składniki i jakie miały postaci farmaceutyczne. Ponadto przeanalizowano elementy wizualne reklam i sposoby nadawania im pozorów informacji wiarygodnej. Potwierdzono przydatność reklam prasowych dla historii farmacji.