bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
P‐194L: Late‐News Poster: Through‐Breaking Organic TFT Materials for Active Matrix Display Backplane Application
Authors: Yan He , Zheng Yan , Xia Yu , Newman Chris , Quinn Jordan , Lu Shaofeng , Facchetti Antonio
Published: October 2010

In this paper, e will present a through‐breaking result on new organic TFT materials for AMOLED display backplane application. We have achieved organic TFTs with mobility of ∼ 3 cm2/Vs, on/off ratio 107, good uniformity, and estimated bias stress lifetime >10,000hours. This offers a promising route to TFT backplanes for flexible/OLED displays.
13.1: Low Voltage and High Transmittance PolymerStabilized BluePhase Liquid Crystal Displays
Authors: Jiao Meizi , Li Yan , Wu Shin‐Tson
Published: October 2010

In this paper, a low voltage <10V and high transmittance ∼85.6% polymerstabilized bluephase liquid crystal display BP LCD is proposed. The periodic corrugated electrodes generate a strong horizontal field and more importantly this field is uniformly distributed across the entire LC layer. This new approach enables BPLC to be addressed by aSi TFTs.
P‐186: Luminance Enhancement by Four‐Primary‐Color (RGBY)
Authors: Han Sang Hoon , Kim Young Hoon , Yoon Joong Min , Park In Cheol , Jun Myung Chul , Jung In Jae
Published: October 2010

Multi‐primary color (MPC) technology is generally used to increase color gamut [1–2]. But, in this paper, MPC technology was used to enhance luminance better than conventional Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD) with 3 color RGB sub‐pixel. We have proposed 4 Primary Color System that has additional yellow(Y) color with an asymmetric sub‐pixel structure. The asymmetric sub‐pixel RGBY structure LCD has 18% higher luminance efficiency than conventional RGB LCDs under the same power consumption. This paper shows the improved luminance by multi‐primary color technology (RGBY).
P‐143: Possibility of Reflective LC Display Using Oxide Semiconductor TFTs as Electronic Paper Display
Authors: Nishi Takeshi , Moriya Koji , Fukai Shuji , Kubota Yusuke , Akimoto Kengo , Sakata Junichiro , Kusunoki Koji , Arasawa Ryo , Wakimoto Kenichi , Koyama Jun , Yamazaki Shunpei , Oikawa Yoshiaki , Okazaki Kenichi , Sakakura Masayuki
Published: October 2010

We successfully prototyped a 3.4‐inch QHD PDLCD panel integrally including data and scan drivers of oxide semiconductor TFTs and capable of displaying still images at 0.2 fps, which can be adopted to electronic paper displays. This panel can display both still images and moving images and reduce power consumption.
P‐144: A Reflective Polarizer‐free, Color‐filter‐free, and Bistable Display Using a Droplet Manipulation on a Liquid Crystal and Polymer Composite Film
Authors: Tsou Yu‐Shih , Chu Ting‐Yu , Chen Jun‐Lin , Chu Wei‐Lin , Huang Yu‐Chih , Lin Yi‐Hsin , Hsu Hsu‐Kuan , Li Wang‐Yang
Published: October 2010

A single pixel of a polarizer‐free, color‐filter‐free, and bistable display using a droplet manipulation on a liquid crystal and polymer composite film (LCPCF) is demonstrated. Because of the electrically tunable orientation of the liquid crystal directors anchored among the polymer grains, the wettability of the LCPCF changes with an applied electric field. As a result, we can manipulate a color droplet on LCPCF by distribution of LC directors on LCPCF and then realize a reflective polarizer‐free bistable display. The contrast ratio is around 8:1 in a reflective mode.
P‐116: Chemical Analysis of UV‐Cured Polymerization Net‐Work Structure of Monomer Suspended in Blue Phase LCD
Authors: Kamoto Ritsu
Published: October 2010

New LC technology, such as polymer stabilized (suspended) LCD (PS‐LCD), blue phase LCD is interested in now. It is necessary to form polymer layer in PS‐LCD and polymer network structure in blue phase mode LC by photo curing monomer suspended in LC, and the degree of polymerization of monomer is important to control their systems to avoid the influence of residual monomer. But it is difficult to analyze polymer and residual monomer in LC because of low concentration less than 1 % in PS‐LCD (10% in blue phase LCD). Micro analysis methods such as infrared micro‐spectroscopy(μ‐IR) and micro‐sampling mass spectrometry (μ ‐ MS) provide deep insights of polymerization in liquid directly and it is possible to estimate the degree of polymerization and the quantity of residual monomer. In this paper, it has tried to analyze the polymerization of monomer suspended in LCD dividing the cell cross sectional direction, bulk liquid crystal (LC) layer and interface LC/PI film layer, and investigated the polymerization of monomer and the residual monomer. It is supposed that monomer suspended in LC is much condensed and much polymerized at the interface LC/PI alignment film existing a little in bulk layer.
P‐117: Viewing Angle Switchable LCD Based on Kerr Effect
Authors: Kim Mi‐Kyung , Kim Min Su , Lim Young Jin , Kim Miyoung , Kang Byeong Gyun , Yoon Sukin , Ren Hongwen , Lee Seung Hee , Rao Linghui , Wu Shin‐Tson
Published: October 2010

We propose viewing angle switchable liquid crystal displays (LCDs) with optically isotropic liquid crystal mixture such as polymer‐stabilized blue phase (PSBP) LC and nano‐structured LC. The devices are featured by two concepts: (1) using one panel, a pixel is divided into two parts; main pixel being in charge of displaying main images and sub pixel for controlling viewing angle, (2) using two panels; one panel is nematic LC panel which displays main images and the other is PSBP LC panel which controls viewing angle. In both devices, main information is interrupted at off‐normal direction by light leakage and luminance control, respectively. By controlling the applied voltages in sub pixel and PSBP LC panel, wide viewing angle can be switched to narrow viewing angle.
P‐118: Multi‐Domain Fringe‐Field Switched Mobile LCD for Reducing Color Shift by Zigzag‐like Pixel Design
Authors: Chen Ying‐Ling , Hsiang Jui‐Chieh , Wu Yung‐Hsun , Yang Chiu‐Lien
Published: October 2010

We designed a new Zigzag‐like pixel arrangement of the mobile FFS to achieve low Color shift and high aperture ratio. The viewing angle without significant color shift (Δu'v'<0.02) can be increased from 40 degrees to 60 degrees. Besides, we also keep the high aperture ratio as the same as conventional design. We successfully fabricated a prototype of a 2.8‐inch WQVGA (240 × 400) using this new design and confirmed a better color quality in all view.
P‐119: A Novel Image Quality Improvement Technology by Charge Pumping Method
Authors: Kim Heesub , Kim Sung Woon , Lee Seung‐hoon , Jung Mee‐Hye , Jung Kwang Chul , Chai Chong‐Chul , Shin Sung Tae , Yang Young‐Choi
Published: October 2010

We propose a new LCD mode named as Charge‐Pumped Super Patterned Vertical Alignment (CP S‐PVA) which can utilize 1G‐1D driving. In this mode, the voltage difference between two sub‐pixels is controlled by a unique charge‐pumped structure. This results in equal level of off‐axis image quality and transmittance to TT S‐PVA. Moreover, this new mode has good production yield and production margin. Operation schemes and display performance of CP S‐PVA are presented.
P‐121: Fast‐Response Reflective TN Mode with Enhanced Contrast and Reflectance
Authors: Li Yuet‐Wing , Fan‐Chiang Kuan‐Hsu , Wang Chien‐Tang , Wu Chien‐Liang , Tsai Chia‐Yeh , Tsai Hsien‐Chang , Huang Ho‐Chi
Published: October 2010

The distinguished NTSC and power efficient performance make field sequential RGB LCOS becomes popular solution for the pico‐projectors. One of the difficulties of field sequential projectors is how to make fast response, high reflectance and high contrast LCOS. In this paper, a new LC mode design approach is proposed which give excellent contrast 800 and fast total response time < 1.2ms while reasonable polarization conversion efficiency 95% is obtained. The LED turn on duty can be 97% for 100% NTSC.
P‐122: The Influence of Intermolecular Bonds on Dynamics of Azodyes Photoalignment
Authors: Muravsky Alexander , Agabekov Vladimir , Murauski Anatoli , Malashko Pavel , Matsur Andrei
Published: October 2010

Role of reversible intermolecular bonds (RIB) in behavior of azodyes photoalignment process is investigated. Specific dependences of RIB influence on photoalignment of rod‐like dyes are revealed. Sodium and potassium salts of 5−(2−{4−[2−(3− carboxy‐4‐hydroxyphenyl)diazenyl]phenyl}diazenyl)‐2‐hydroxybenzenecarboxylic acid demonstrate pronounce difference in reorientation dynamics of photoalignment direction. Novel RIB photoalignment material is developed.
P‐126: Pattern less Vertical Alignment Mode with Infinite Domains for Mobile Displays
Authors: Jo Soo In , Lee You‐Jin , Choi Sang‐Woong , Yoon A Ra , Yu Chang‐Jae , Kim Jae‐Hoon
Published: October 2010

We propose a patternless vertical alignment (VA) mode with infinite domains for mobile displays. Memorizing switching directions of the liquid crystals by a polymerized reactive mesogen on surfaces produced infinite domains and fast response. Also, the transmittance of our patternless VA cell was enhanced by using circular polarizers.
13.3: Submillisecond GraytoGray Response Time of PolymerStabilized Blue Phase Liquid Crystals
Authors: Chen KuanMing , Gauza Sebastian , Xianyu Haiqing , Wu ShinTson
Published: October 2010

Submillisecond graytogray GTG response time of a polymerstabilized bluephase liquid crystal cell is demonstrated experimentally. Analytical equations describing the GTG response time fit experimental data well. This fast switching time is particularly attractive for color sequential displays with significantly suppressed color breakup.
P‐127: Stabilization of Azodye Alignment Layer for Liquid Crystal Display
Authors: Yao Lishuang , Du Tao , Chigrinov Vladimir , Kwok Hoi Sing , Yao Lishuang , Xuan Li
Published: October 2010

In this paper, we explore novel method of fabricating novel stable alignment layer for liquid crystal display. Large azimuthal anchoring energy and alignment quality comparable to that of rubbed polyimide film is obtained without using a contact process. The poor photostability known for azodye materials is overcome with the additional introduction of photocrosslinking material.
P‐128: Alignment Layer Free and Wide‐viewing Angle Vertical Alignment Liquid Crystal Display
Authors: Gim Hye Young , Kim Sung Min , Cho In Young , Kim Woo‐Il , Kim Dae Hyun , Kwon Dong Won , Shin Suck Jae , Lee Seung Hee , Jeong Yeon Hak , Ryu Jae Jin , Kim Kyeong Hyeon
Published: October 2010

New alignment layer free vertical alignment (VA) liquid crystal device is proposed. In the device, the nanoparticles, reactive mesogen, and LC mixture are mixed together and filled into the cell with fishbone electrode structure. Through diffusion process, the particles moved to both surfaces of substrates, generating vertical alignment and then UV is exposed while applying proper voltage to the cell. Then, LC director is stabilized to form multi‐domain by polymerization of reactive mesogen. Consequently, the device shows, wide‐viewing‐angle and fast response time although conventional polymer layer is not used.
P‐131: Multi‐Color Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Film by Fixing Helical Pitch with Reactive Mesogen
Authors: Bae Kwang‐Soo , Jang Yeong‐Joon , Yu Chang‐Jae , Jang Jae Eun , Jung Jae Eun , Choi Jong Sun , Park Sang Ju , Kim Jae‐Hoon
Published: October 2010

We propose a multi‐color cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) film in a single‐layered configuration with reactive mesogen (RM). The cholesteric pitches are controlled by temperature and memorized by photo‐polymerization of the KM. Using the multi‐pitch stabilization in a single layer, multicolor CLC display was obtained without any additional components.
P‐133: Liquid Crystal Display Response Time Improvement by Using the Natural Chiral Molecule D‐Limonene
Authors: Zola Rafael S. , Hurley Shawn , Yang Deng‐Ke
Published: October 2010

Response time is always an issue on displays performance, which means the faster is the better. The industry always seeks ways to make these devices faster. Another concern (in any field) is about the use of environmental friend materials and cost reduction. In this work, we show the advantages of literally mixing thermotropic liquid crystals with the natural chiral molecule D‐Limonene on the improvement of response time for twisted nematic (TN) and bistable cholesteric reflective displays.
P‐134: Marginal Electrodes with Over‐drive Method for Fast Response Liquid Crystal Lens Applications
Authors: Liao Lin‐Yao , Shieh Po‐Yuan , Huang Yi‐Pai
Published: October 2010

Over‐drive Method for LC lens applications was proposed to improve focusing response time, which utilized marginal overdrive voltages to pre‐generate lens‐shape phase retardation within LC layer and switched to an optimized driving for stable focusing. In our study, two general structures, homogeneous LC lenses with external and internal electrodes, were discussed. for inner‐electrode structures, the response time from relaxing state to focusing state was improved to 0.2sec with 60μm LC layer driven by 15Vrms over‐drive voltage and 3.3Vrms optimized driving. Furthermore, the switching times and the over‐drive voltages were optimized by focusing analysis and verified by Fluorescent Confocal Polarizing Microscope.
P‐137: Thin Birefringent Film Retarders on Polypropylene Substrate
Authors: Geivandov Artur , Palto Serguei
Published: October 2010

Crysoptix thin birefringent film (TBF) coated onto polypropylene (PP) substrate produces a retarder with strong anomalous spectral dispersion of birefringence, which provides the enhanced LCD optical compensation over the entire visible spectral range.
13.4: Viewing‐AngleControllable Displays Using a BluePhase Liquid‐Crystal Cell
Authors: Rao Linghui , Ge Zhibing , Wu ShinTson
Published: October 2010

Controlling the viewing angle of an LCD by a bluephase liquid crystal BPLC cell is demonstrated. The BPLC layer can act like a tunable positive or negative Cplate depending on the dielectric anisotropy of the hostLC composite. This approach works equally well for all the wideview LCDs.
P‐138: Electrohydrodynamic Patterning Method of Liquid Crystalline Polymer for Patterned Retarder
Authors: Lee Se Hyun , Kim Young Wook , Jeong Jiwon , Kim Jae‐Hoon , Yu Chang‐Jae , Shin Dong Myung
Published: October 2010

We proposed a patterning method of liquid crystalline polymer by using electrohydrodynamics. Using this method, the patterned retarder films, applicable to 3‐dimensional displays and transflective liquid crystal displays, were simply fabricated without complicated processes.
P‐139: Transflective Fringe‐Field Switching Liquid Crystal Display without Any Retarder
Authors: Her Jung Hwa , Lee Jee Hyeong , Kim Jin Ho , Lim Young Jin , Lee Seung Hee , Park Kyoung Ho , Lee Joun Ho , Kim Byeong Koo
Published: October 2010

Single‐gap transflective liquid crystal display (LCD) driven by fringe electric field is proposed. The initial LC orientation is parallel to top polarizer in transmissive (T) region and is 45° with respect to top polarizer in reflective (R) region. The surface pre‐tilt angle of the R‐region is controlled by vertical field and polymerization of an UV curable reactive mesogen and thus, the effective cell retardation in the R‐ region becomes smaller than that in T‐ region. Consequently, a single gap transflective LCD driven by fringe electric field without compensation film or in‐cell retarder is realized.
P‐140: Novel Switchable Transmissive and Reflective Mode using Dual Gap Twisted Nematic Liquid Crystal Display
Authors: Kim Hong Sik , Shin Seung Hwan , Nam Chul , Yoo Duk Keun , Lee Hyung Min , Lee Kyung Ha , Shin Jong Keun
Published: October 2010

For the first time, we have fabricated a novel Switchable Transmissive and Reflective(STR) LCD based on dual gap TN (Twisted‐Nematic) mode using a general a‐Si TFT process. This new technology makes ultra low powered LCD can be operated in reflective mode without power consumption of backlight in ordinary room light. Moreover our new LCD gives use superior outdoor visibility and enhanced portability than a normal TN mode. We will show vision as a future LCD mode with low power consumption for portable electronic devices.
P‐142: Single Cell Gap Single Mode TN Transflective Liquid Crystal Display
Authors: Du Tao , Yao Lishuang , Chigrinov Vladimir , Kwok Hoi Sing
Published: October 2010

In this paper, a novel single cell gap transflective liquid crystal display (LCD) using 90 degree twist nematic mode has been proposed. The electro‐optical characteristics in the transmissive part and reflective part are matched. This single TN transflective configuration exhibits a high contrast, wide viewing angle, fast response and high transmittance / reflectance. Also the fabrication process is simplified by photoalignment technology.
P‐146: Highly Efficient Top Emitting White OLED Architecture for Micro‐display Applications
Authors: Lee Sunghun , Park Chan Young , Song Jung‐Bae , Kang Sung‐Kee , Tamura Shinichiro , Chung HoKyoon , Kim Sang Soo
Published: October 2010

Very high current efficiency of 18.4 cd/A (conversion white efficiency 4 cd/A) for a single optical path top emitting WOLED and 15.8 cd/A conversion white efficiency for a multiple optical path top emitting WOLED has been successfully demonstrated. The VCRC (volume color reproduction capability) of these white OLEDs with color filters achieved 106% and 142% of sRGB, respectively.
3.5: Novel Broadband Retarder Evaluation Metrics for 3D Projection Display
Authors: Chang Yu‐hsun , Huang Kuo‐Chung , Lin Hoang‐Yan , Tsai Chao‐Hsu
Published: October 2010

Broadband retarder BBR, keeping away from crosstalk between the binocular parallax images, is the key component of the polarization based 3D stereoscopic display system. In case of rotating the viewer's polarization glasses, circular polarization light is needed for preserving stereo perception. Eliminating wavelength depended optical properties is the goal for BBR design. BBR has been widely applied for LCD display. However, the previous studies did not meet the rotating analyzer and in those cases did not have compensated retarder. Since the analyzer rotates, retardationwavelength relationship is failed to represent both the transmittancewavelength property and the color performance. In this paper, we use a numerical solution rather than an analytical solution to analyze dispersive issues. The transmittance, crosstalk and color shift metrics are used to evaluate the BBR quality, and 25% crosstalk, 33.73% red color shift and 26.4% green color shift problems are improved in our design.
P‐147: Asymmetric High Performance Hybrid Tandem White OLEDs for Lighting Applications
Authors: Lee Min Woo , Song Ok‐Keun , Koo Young Mo , Lee Yong Han , Chung Ho Kyoon , Kim Sang Soo
Published: October 2010

Two efficient and color‐stable asymmetric hybrid tandem white organic light emitting diode (WOLED) devices have been fabricated with a combination of fluorescent blue and phosphorescent green/red emissive layers. Two different color temperatures of 3000K and 5000K are easily achieved by simply changing the stack order of fluorescent blue and phosphorescent green/red layers. with the help of outcoupling film, high power efficiency of ∼40 lm/W and significantly improved reliability have been achieved.
P‐149: Effect of Organic Hole‐Injecting Buffer Layer on Stability of Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Kondakova Marina E. , Young Ralph H. , Prosperi Deborah A. , Miller Rosemarie L. , Comfort Dustin L.
Published: October 2010

Lifetimes of blue fluorescent and red phosphorescent OLEDs are improved by the presence of an organic buffer layer between the oxygen‐plasma‐treated ITO and a hole‐injecting layer of HAT‐CN. Possible explanations are discussed.
P‐150: High Temperature High Performance Top Emitting Yellow OLED
Authors: Ali Tariq A. , Khayrullin Ilyas I. , Ziesmer Scott A. , Barry Steve P. , Ghosh Amalkumar P. , Fellowes Dave , Draper Russell S.
Published: October 2010

Efficient top‐emitting phosphorescent yellow OLED micro‐displays were developed on active matrix single crystal silicon. Very stable 1931‐CIE coordinates across a wide range of current density were achieved in single emission zone devices with efficiencies ∼55 cd/A, 18% EQE relative to dual emission zone devices. Device lifetimes were measured.
P‐152: Emitter‐Apodization‐Dependent Angular Luminance Enhancement of Microlens‐Array Film Attached OLED Devices
Authors: Chen Kuan‐Yu , Chang Yung‐Ting , Ho Yu‐Hsuan , Lin Hoang‐Yan , Lee Jiun‐Haw , Wei Mao‐Kuo
Published: October 2010

Taking organic emitter apodization calculated from electromagnetic theory as input, the angular luminance enhancement of a microlens‐array‐film (MAF) attached OLED (organic light‐emitting device) can be further evaluated by raytracing approach. First, we assumed artificial emitters and revealed that not every OLED with MAF has luminance enhancement. Then, the OLEDs of different Alq3 thickness were fabricated and their angular luminance measurement validated simulation results. Mode analyses for different layers were performed to estimate the enhancement potential of the MAF attached devices. In conclusion, the organic emitters with higher off‐axis‐angle luminous intensity cause lower out‐coupling efficiency but gain higher enhancement after the MAF attached.
P‐154: High Efficiency White‐Phosphorescent OLED with Host‐Free Yellow Emitter
Authors: Lee Meng‐Ting , Lin Jin‐Sheng , Chu Miao‐Tsai , Tseng Mei‐Rurng
Published: October 2010

A white PHOLED with high power efficiency of 55 lm/W has been demonstrated by using a host‐free yellow phosphorescent emitter sandwiched by double blue phosphorescent emitters. The white PHOLED with host‐free yellow phosphorescent emitter achieved a comparable device performance to that of using complicated host‐guest doped system. Based on this device concept as well as the molecular engineering of blue host material, highly efficient white PHOLED can be achieved.
P‐155: Luminescent Efficiency Enhancement of Polymer Light‐Emitting Diodes using Solution‐Processible Metal Nanoparticles Incorporated Nanocomposites
Authors: Cheng Pi‐Ju , Shih Hung‐Min , Cheng Jung‐An , Tien Chung‐Hao , Hsu Chain‐Shu
Published: October 2010

A hole‐injection‐layer in PLED with a plasmonic metal nanostructure was demonstrated. The device with Au nanoparticles‐incorporated PEDOT:PSS layer revealed a 3.3x increase in maximum power efficiency. Particle sizes and spacer film thicknesses are carefully selected according to the optical model by exact electrodynamical theory; the nanocompostie layer remarkably enhanced the EL intensity of devices about 2.5x.
P‐156: Transparent Conductive Electrodes Based on Patterned Silver Thin Film by Nanosphere Lithography
Authors: Ho Yu‐Hsuan , Xu Wei‐Feng , Wei Pei‐Kuen , Chen Kuan‐Yu , Huang Ding‐wei , Lin Hoang‐Yan
Published: October 2010

In this work, the nanosphere lithography had been used to build the patterned metal thin film to achieve both good conductivity and high transparency. The optimized case had a metal thin film which had transparency in the range of 80∼85% and sheet resistance lower than 35Ω;/□. We used this transparent conductive anode to demonstrate an Alq3‐based OLED with 84% enhanced current efficiency as compared to the device with ITO anode.
P‐158: Connecting Architecture for Organic Light‐emitting Diodes Integrated with Organic Photovoltaic Device
Authors: Liu Shun‐Wei , Lee Chih‐Chien , Huang Jia‐Chin , Lin Chi‐Feng , Chen Chin‐Ti , Lee Jiun‐Haw
Published: October 2010

Silver electrode with self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) modification was used as the connecting unit for the anode of a top‐emitting OLED and the cathode of an organic photovoltaic (OPV) device. This tandem device exhibits the power conversation efficiency of ∼0.9% under 1‐sun illumination (OPV‐mode) and thecurrent efficiency of ∼10 cd/A at 10000 cd/m2 (OLED‐mode).
P‐159: Protecting Large Area OLED Displays from Dead Pixels Caused by Lid Deflection
Authors: Finc Raia , Johnson Andrew , Frischknecht Kyle , Lang Charlie , Johansson Gary , Felder Thomas , Schadt Frank
Published: October 2010

DuPont has developed a UV curable acrylic material that can be used as a fill material for large area OLED displays to eliminate dead pixels caused by cover lid deflection, without causing pixel shrinkage or OLED degradation after 1,000 hours of testing at 85 °C and 60 °C/ 90% RH.
P‐160: Highly Efficient Inverted Bottom‐Emission OLEDs with ZnO Nanoparticles as an Electron‐Injection Layer
Authors: Lee Hyunkoo , Kwak Jeonghun , Lee Changhee , Park Insun , Yoon Do Y.
Published: October 2010

We fabricated efficient inverted bottom‐emission blue phosphorescent organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs), with an electron injection layer of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. We change the thickness of the hole transporting layer and the types of the electron transporting layers to optimize the device performance. The maximum efficiencies of the device are 8.2 % and 16.5 cd/A.
14.2: Visible Motion Blur: A Perceptual Metric for Display Motion Blur
Authors: Watson Andrew B. , Ahumada Albert J.
Published: October 2010

We propose a perceptual metric of display motion blur that corresponds to the visibility of the artifact. It incorporates the visual sensitivity to contrast and spatial frequency, as well as masking effects.
P‐161: White Organic Light‐emitting Diodes with Nearly 100% Internal Quantum Efficiency
Authors: Seo Ji Hoon , Park Jung Sun , Lee Seok Jae , Koo Ja Ryong , Seo Bo Min , Kim Young Kwan , Hwang Jang Hwan , Lee Kum Hee , Park Jung Keun , Yoon Seung Soo
Published: October 2010

The authors demonstrated white organic light‐emitting diodes (WOLED) with 100% internal quantum efficiency using all phosphorescent emitters for blue, green, and red, such as iridium(III) bis[(5‐cyano‐4‐fluorophenyl)pyridinato‐N,C2’]picolinate, fac‐tris(2‐phenylpyridine)iridium, and iridium(III) bis(2‐phenylquinoline) acetylacetonate, respectively. The optimized WOLED with electron transporitng layer, 2′,2″‐(1,3,5‐benzinetriyl)‐tris(1‐phenyl‐1‐H‐benzimidazole), exhibits an external quantum efficiency of nearly 19.5%, a power efficiency of 39.2 lm W−1, and a minimal change with δ Commission Internationale de I'Eclairage coordinates of ±(0.02, 0.00) from 100 to 10 000 cd m−2, respectively.
P‐164: Electrical Characterisation and Modeling of Top‐Emitting PIN‐OLED Devices
Authors: Cummins Gerard , Underwood Ian , Walton Anthony
Published: October 2010

This paper describes the process by which a SPICE model has been developed to simulate the DC and AC electrical response of top‐emitting PIN‐OLED stacks. The design of the model was informed by I‐V and impedance spectroscopy measurements made on test devices. The SPICE model is for use in the design of drive circuits for top‐emitting PIN‐OLED devices such as AMOLED displays and microdisplays.
P‐165: Efficient RGBW OLEDs Based on 4, 4′‐Bis (1, 2, 2‐triphenylvinyl) biphenyl
Authors: Chen Shuming , Kwok Hoi Sing , Zhao Zujin , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: October 2010

We report a newly synthesized wide band‐gap material 4, 4′‐bis (1, 2, 2‐triphenylvinyl) biphenyl (BTPE), which can serve as blue emitter directly or as host for fluorescent green and red dyes. By employing BTPE as host and/or emitter, efficient red, green, blue and white OLEDs show a maximum current efficiency of 5 cd/A, 18 cd/A, 7.1 cd/A and 7 cd/A, respectively.
P‐166: An Effective Injection Layer for Inverted Top Emitting Organic Light Emitting Diodes
Authors: Kao Hsin‐Min , Ho Meng‐Huan , Wu Chang‐Yen , Chen Chin H.
Published: October 2010

One major challenge in inverted top‐emitting OLEDs is the requirement of good electron injection from the bottom reflective aluminum cathode to the organic electron‐transport layer (such as Alq3). We report the development of an effective electron injection layer (EIL) in inverted top emitting OLEDs that not only improves the ability of electron injection but also its efficiency. The device with this EIL achieved a current efficiency of 6.0 cd/A which is 50% higher than that of the device without this EIL.
P‐167: High‐Efficiency Solution‐Processed 3.5‐inch White Backlight Panel Based on a Blue Dendrimer
Authors: Wang Lei , Zhou Junhong , Peng Junbiao , Wang Jian , Cao Yong
Published: October 2010

High‐efficiency and color stable 3.5‐inch white backlight panel with maximum efficiency of 9.5 cd A−1 and CIE coordinates of (0.30, 0.31) is obtained utilizing a solution‐processible fluorescent π‐conjugated dendrimer, G0, as host, and MEH‐PPV and P‐PPV as guests.
P‐168: The Effects of Side Group and Its Link Position on OLED Performance: How to Control Side Groups for Efficient Emitters?
Authors: Park Youngil , Park Jongwook , Lee Ji‐Hoon , Jung Dong Hyun , Wu Chung‐Chih
Published: October 2010

A promising class of blue‐violet emitters based on a new functional core, the indenopyrazine group, has successfully been synthesized for the first time by substitution with bulky m‐terphenyl side groups in the ortho, meta, or para positions. In particular, the OLED containing the para‐substituted derivative was found to exhibit excellent characteristics, with maximum EL emission at 423 nm, a full width at half maximum of 42 nm, pure violet emission with CIE coordinates (0.173, 0.063), and an external quantum efficiency of 1.88%.
P‐188: Molecular Engineering of Host Materials for Blue Phosphorescent OLEDs: Past, Present and Future
Authors: Cosimbescu Lelia , Koech Phillip , Polikarpov Evgueni , Swensen James , von Ruden Amber , Rainbolt James E. , Padmaperuma Asanga
Published: October 2010

We report molecular design considerations for blue phosphorescent host materials, as well as propose design rules necessary to build ambipolar hosts and thus reach charge balance in a device. Our beginning developments are presented followed by the evolution of the original design to our state‐of‐the‐art, with the help of computational modeling
14.3: Reserved Highlight Region for HDR and Megacontrast Display Algorithms
Authors: Daly Scott , Meylan Laurence , Kerofsky Louis
Published: October 2010

We discuss an algorithm that works with the concept of a reserved highlight region. It primarily addresses the problem of displaying legacy images calibrated for StandardDynamic Range displays onto displays having higher dynamic range, such as Megacontrast displays having standard brightness and bitdepth, as well as HighDynamic Range displays having increased brightness and bitdepth. The technique reserves headroom of the display range past maximum diffuse white for specular highlights and selfluminous objects. The paper discusses how to detect the specular highlights and light sources, how to construct a tonescale with reserved headroom, and different experiments conducted to learn how much of the dynamic range should be allocated for this upper luminance.
P‐197L: Late‐News Poster: Impacts of Glass Substrate and Frit Properties on Sealing for OLED Lighting
Authors: Zhang Lu , Logunov Stephan , Becken Keith , Donovan Michael , Vaddi Butchi
Published: October 2010

Glass frit seal with localized heating using near infrared laser can provide long‐term hermeticity and good mechanical strength for OLEDs. In this report, some general characteristics of the frit sealing process are first discussed. Then the impacts offrit and glass substrate properties, such as CTE and strain points on the seal, will be presented. It is found that CTE of the frit may not match with that of glass substrates used for lighting application. The optimal CTE values of glass substrate for OLED lighting and frit are presented.
P‐170: Subpixel Measurement of Superimposed Displays
Authors: Ulichney Robert , Ghajarnia Ali , Chang Nelson
Published: October 2010

We probe below the pixel barrier to address new means to measure overlapping projected displays. A low cost solution is developed to directly measure subframe pixel position to within.02 pixel, and a method to quantify thin line resolvability is introduced.
P‐171: Laser Speckle Reduction Using MEMS Scanning Mirror
Authors: Tong Zhaomin , Akram Muhammad Nadeem , Ouyang Guangmin , Chen Xuyuan , Kartashov Vladimir
Published: October 2010

Laser beams reflected from a MEMS scanning mirror introduce movable scattering spots onto a Random Phase Plate (RPP), and the scattering lights after the RPP are homogenized by a hexagonal light pipe. A rough transmission object is placed closely after the light pipe, and the real‐time changeable speckle patterns are added together within the exposure time of a CCD camera. Speckle is suppressed and 0.0673 minimum speckle Contrast Ratio (CR) is obtained.
P‐172: OLED Based RGB‐Micro‐Projection System for Mobile Application
Authors: Großmann Constanze , Palme Martin , Lippmann Uwe , Riehemann Stefan , Notni Gunther
Published: October 2010

A micro‐projector based on OLED micro‐displays is presented. Three high brightness OLEDs, red, green and blue colored, are used to realize a full color imaging. The system design and the realized optical prototype of the projection lens are discussed.
14.4: Contrast Requirements for OLEDs and LCDs Based on Human Eye Glare
Authors: Langendijk Erno H. A. , Hammer Martin
Published: October 2010

Static contrast in LCDs can be improved by using local dimming backlight techniques, but it is still orders of magnitude lower than that of OLED. However, glare in the human eye limits the visible contrast and suggests that a very high contrast is not required. In this paper we estimate how much contrast is actually required in a display and compare that with today's OLEDs and local dimming LCDs.
P‐178: Design of On‐Panel Readout Circuit for Touch Panel Application
Authors: Wang Tzu‐Ming , Ker Ming‐Dou , Li Yu‐Hsuan , Kuo Chung‐Hung , Li Chun‐Huai , Hsieh Yao‐Jen , Liu Chun‐Ting
Published: October 2010

An on‐panel readout circuit for touch panel application has been designed and fabricated in a 3‐μm low temperature poly‐Silicon (LTPS) technology. The minimum detectable voltage difference of the proposed circuit is 30 mV. The switch‐capacitor technique is applied to amplify the voltage difference from capacitance change due to touch panel. The corrected double‐sampling (CDS) technique is also employed to reduce the offset originated from process variation.
P‐182: Theory, Design, and Production of Fingerprint Resistant Films for Touch‐Enabled Displays
Authors: Petcavich Robert , Saran Neerja , Van Ostrand Daniel , Kykta Martin , Ramakrishnan Ram , Zhou Ying
Published: October 2010

Multi‐touch technology, first deployed in the Apple iPhone device, began a revolution on how to interface with mobile devices and, with the release of Windows 7, it has caused an explosion in interest by display manufacturers. Uni‐Pixel Displays will present the industry with state of the art in fingerprint‐resistant technology.
P‐184: Highly Durable Transparent Carbon Nanotube Films for Flexible Displays and Touch ‐ Screens
Authors: Sierros Konstantinos A. , Cairns Darran R. , Hecht David S. , Ladous Corinne , Lee Roland , Niu Chunming
Published: October 2010

This paper describes a durable carbon nanotube (CNT) film, used in flexible displays and touch‐screens, and its mechanical properties. CNT films as thin as 10 nm thick have properties approaching those of existing electrodes based on indium tin oxide (ITO) but with significantly improved mechanical properties. These durable CNT‐based electrodes hold the key to developing robust, large‐area, lightweight, optoelectronic devices such as lighting, displays, electronic‐paper, and printable solar cells. Such devices could hold the key to producing inexpensive green energy, providing reliable solid‐state lighting, and significantly reducing our dependence on paper.
15.1: Optically Rewritable LiquidCrystal Technology: A New Green EPaper Approach
Authors: Chigrinov Vladimir , Murauski Anatoli , Yu Qiang , Kwok Hoi Sing
Published: October 2010

Optical rewritable Epaper is a valuable contribution to the green technology, as Epaper replaces usual paper with the same quality of image. The light printable rewritable paper is based on liquid crystal photoalignment and is suitable for labels and plastic card displays, price labels, Ealbums, Eadvertisements.
15.4: Invited Paper: Low Cost Zenithal Bistable Display with Improved White State
Authors: Jones Cliff , Bryan‐Brown Guy
Published: October 2010

Zenithal Bistable LCDs use a standard twistednematic geometry but with a surfacerelief grating as one of the alignment layers. Best operation results from operating in a normally whiteTN mode. An improved white state is possible by tuning the cell gap. The consequences of this change on device performance and cost are discussed.
16.1: Prototyping of GlassesFree TableStyle 3D Display for Tabletop Tasks
Authors: Yoshida Shunsuke , Yano Sumio , Ando Hiroshi
Published: October 2010

An autostereoscopic 3D display optimized for tabletop tasks is described. The display employs a conicalshaped optical device and circularly arranged projectors are installed below a table. The resultant display provides a ringshaped viewing area located above the table. Individual 3D images can be observed from any direction with correct perspective.
16.2: Backlight for ViewSequential Autostereo 3D
Authors: Travis Adrian , Emerton Neil , Large Tim , Bathiche Steven , Rihn Bernie
Published: October 2010

We have demonstrated a backlight which emits collimated light whose direction can be scanned through 16°. Combined with a high frame rate LCD, this lets us display stereo 3D with no need for glasses.
16.5: Directional Backlight Timing Requirements for Full Resolution Autostereoscopic 3D Displays
Authors: Brigham Scott E. , Schultz John
Published: October 2010

This paper will describe the LCD timing control and backlight timing characteristics used to demonstrate a single 3D film method for achieving full resolution autostereoscopic 3D displays in handheld and portable devices. Essential LCD characteristics and timing sequences are reviewed in conjunction with timing for the directional backlight. Experimental autostereoscopic device performance using fast LCD panels and LED driven directional backlights will be reviewed.
17.1: Novel Patterning Process for Mask Reduction
Authors: Yang Joon‐Young , Lee Jung‐II , Yang Myung‐Soo , Hwang Yong‐Ki , Chung In‐Jae
Published: October 2010

In this paper, a 3mask IPS mode TFTLCD panel is introduced by using a new ITO patterning process. The key processes are the CHF process and new ITO etch process which is related to selective crystallization on SiNx layer. In addition, the change of etch CD bias direction from 1dimension to 2dimension reduces or eliminates the MURA defects in panel due to the variation of the distance between pixel and common electrodes.
17.2: A Novel Five‐PhotoMask LTPS CMOS Structure with Improved Storage Capacitor for AMLCD Application
Authors: Oh Kum‐Mi , Lee Seok‐Woo , Lee Sang‐Jin , Baek Myoung‐Kee , Lee Kyung‐Eon , Yang Myoung‐Su , Hwang Yong‐Kee
Published: October 2010

A novel fivemask low temperature polycrystalline silicon LTPS complementary metal oxide semiconductor CMOS structure was verified by manufacturing the thin film transistor TFT test samples using the proposed fivemask LTPS CMOS process. In integrating the fivemask CMOS structure, a selective storage area formation process was developed, without additional photo mask steps, to solve the sputtering damage encountered inevitably in the contact between polycrystalline silicon pSi and storage metal. In addition, the selectively thin dielectric layer increased capacitance per unit area, and thus, increased the aperture ratio of AMLCD panel by reducing the capacitor area without reducing GI thickness in TFT
18.1: Invited Paper: Oxide TFT Driving Transparent AMOLED
Authors: Park SangHee Ko , Ryu Minki , Yang Shinhyuk , Byun Chunwon , Hwang ChiSun , Cho Kyoung Ik , Im Woo‐Bin , Kim Young‐Eun , Kim Tae‐Su , Ha Young‐Bo , Kim Kyoung‐Bea
Published: October 2010

We have fabricated 3.2″ QVGA transparent AMOLED by integrating photostable top gate IGZO TFT array and highly transparent OLED. The photostability of oxide TFT was investigated under constant gate bias and constant current CC stress to explore the possibility of OLED application. After 40 hours CC stress of 10 μA with halogen lamp illumination, the ΔVth was just − 0.22 V while that obtained under dark was + 0.1 V. with newly designed OLED cathode and transparent getter we increase OLED transmittance up to 80% with keeping resistance of cathode at 6 Ω;/□. Outdoor stability of OLED and oxide TFT make transparent AMOLED viable in the real market.
18.4: A New Seamless Foldable OLED Display Composed of Multi Display Panels
Authors: Shim HongShik , Kee InSeo , Kim SunKook , Chun YoungTea , Kwon HyukJun , Jin YongWan , Lee SangYoon , Han DongWon , Kwack JinHo , Kang DongHun , Seo HaeKwan , Song MyoungSeop , Lee MyungHo , Kim SungChul
Published: October 2010

A new seamless foldable OLED display composed of multi display panels is proposed. To verify seamless viewing and robust foldingunfolding reliability, a 138 ppi resolution, 5.4” diagonal size AMOLED seamless foldable display prototype is fabricated.
18.5: Efficient Tandem White OLED Devices for Medical Display Applications
Authors: Chu* Changwoong , Lee Sungsoo , Lee Gwan Hyoung , Lee YoungShin , Ha Jaekook , Lee JuHyeon , Park Byounghee
Published: October 2010

White OLED devices have been electrically and optically optimized for medical display applications. Efficiencies of 51.9 cd/A and 33.3 cd/A at ∼7,500K have been achieved for threecolor and twocolor white, respectively. These devices are applied in panels to achieve high contrast and low power consumption compared to LCD medical displays.
19.1: The Most PowerEfficient 11.6” Full HD LCD Using PenTile Technology for Notebook Application
Authors: You Bong Hyun , Bae Jae Sung , Koh Jai Hyun , Park Dong Won , Kim Heen Dol , Ahn Kook Hwan , Kim JiSun , Lee Seong Young , Jung SukWon , Kim Yun Jae , Shin Sung Tae , Han SeokJin , Botzas Anthony , Hwang Sarah , Pan Larissa , Im MoonHwan , Elliott Candice Brown
Published: October 2010

We have developed an 11.6” full high definition FHD, 1920* 1080 product with PenTile RGBW™ L6W pixel structure for notebook applications. with the increase of aperture ratio due to the reduced number of subpixels and additional white subpixel, this new product has approximately twice the brightness of comparable conventional RGB stripe products. The crosstalk that appeared when displaying a single colored pattern, which is an intrinsic problem for an even modulo subpixel repeat cell, was solved by means of a Vest feedback design. Furthermore, subpixel rendering SPR and dynamic backlight control DBLC algorithm gives us a cost effective, low power and high brightness solution.
19.4: Color Management Technologies on WideGamut Display Devices with MultiPrimary Colors
Authors: Yoshida Akiko , Teragawa Masatsugu , Zhang Xiaomang , Tomizawa Kazunari , Yoshida Yuichi , Yoshida Yasuhiro
Published: October 2010

We propose two color management systems for the cases of 1 RGB input signals to RGBbased display devices and 2 RGB input signals to multiprimary color MPC display devices. for RGB to RGB, our algorithm reproduces “memory colors” as expected and also uses the capability of a display device. for RGB to MPC, we solve a problem causing the hue angle difference between input signals and an MPC display. This realizes faithful hue reproduction as expected in an input image in addition to impressively widegamut of an MPC system.
20.2: Full Color Flexible Cholesteric Display on Single Substrate
Authors: Lee BurmYoung , Park SeoKyu , Cho HeeSuck , Kim KwangNyun , Lee* JiHoon , Kwon SoonBum
Published: October 2010

Here we report a method to achieve a full color cholesteric liquid crystal using single liquid crystal layer and single plastic substrate. Mixture of a photosensitive chiral dopant and a nematic host was encapsulated and coated onto a surface. By irradiating UV with different energy into each subpixel zone, separate RGB subpixel could be obtained. The fabricated flexible prototype showed vivid and bright color as well as a great robustness.
4.2: A Low Power Consumption and High Reliability Architecture for aSi TFT Gate Driver on Glass
Authors: Nakamizo Masahiko , Yonemaru Masashi , Iwase Yasuaki , Fukaya Tetsuo
Published: October 2010

We developed aSi TFT gate driver circuits on glass for low power solution and longterm reliability. The proposed circuit architecture achieved lower power consumption by means of switched capacitor bootstrap design. The degradation of aSi TFT was small and saturated until 200h of aging due to adopting this architecture. 26“WXGA panels were fabricated.
20.4: The Scattering Profile of Polymer Stabilized Cholesteric Texture Displays
Authors: Hurley Shawn , Yang DengKe , Mullin Chris
Published: October 2010

We measured the scattering profile of the normal mode and reverse mode polymer stabilized cholesteric texture displays PSCT. We studied the effect of pitch and focal conic domain size on the scattering efficiency by varying the concentration of chiral dopant. We also calculate the contrast ratio as a function of collection angle. The data is useful for designing flexible reflective displays and switchable windows.
21.1: Invited Paper: FullColor Quantum Dot Display
Authors: Choi Byoung Lyong , Kim TaeHo , Cho KyungSang , Lee Eun Kyung , Lee Sang Jin , Kim Jong Min , Kim Jung Woo , Kim Do Hwan , Lee Sang Yoon
Published: October 2010

Colloidal quantumdot lightemitting diodes QDLED have recently received considerable attention due to their ease of color tunability, high brightness and narrow spectral bandwidth. In this paper, the progress of QDLED toward display system and possibility of QDs for the application to fullcolor display will be presented.
21.2: Fabrication and Properties of Planar‐gate‐type Triode with CNTs Emitters for Backlight Unit
Authors: Zhang Yong‐Ai , Ye Yun , Lin Jin‐Yang , You Yu‐Xiang , Zhang Jie , Guo Tai‐Liang
Published: October 2010

A planar‐gate‐type triode with CNTs emitters was fabricated by photolithography, wet etching and electrophoresis deposition. Field emission characteristics of planar‐gate‐type triode was studied. These results showed that the device had a stability of field emission performance and long time, which was used for the fabrication of backlight unit in LCD.
21.4: Distinguished Student Paper: Switching of Carbon Nanotubes Emitters with Integrated MOSFET
Authors: Bae Na Young , Ryu Je Hwang , Oh Hye Mi , Lee Eun Hye , Bae Woo Mi , Ha An Na , Jang Jin , Park Kyu Chang
Published: October 2010

The integration of carbon nanotube (CNT) emitters with metal‐oxide‐semiconductor field‐effect transistor (MOSFET) can stabilize and control the emission current of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). As the unit process, the CNTs were grown on the drain part of MOSFETs using the resist‐assisted patterning (RAP) process. The electron emission current of CNTs grown on the drain was switched with a low voltage of the externally connected field‐effect transistor and was uniform. The electron emission properties of CNT‐emitters with the externally connected field‐effect transistor were discussed.
22.3: Quantified Evaluation for Clipping Artifact of Local Dimming in LCDs
Authors: Chen Hanfeng , Ha Tae Hyeun , Sung Jun Ho , Kim Hyung Rae , Han Baik Hee , Ahn Yoon Soon
Published: October 2010

Clipping is one of the most annoying artifacts caused by pixel compensated local dimming technique in LCDs. Severe clipping artifact will reduce image local contrast and erase texture details. This paper proposes some quantified method for evaluating the severity of clipping artifact. The proposed evaluation method can be carried out easily by using some designed patterns and simple counting method.
22.4: In‐Cell Multiple Ambient Light Sensor (ALSs) LCD Integration Using Si‐based Photonic Sensor by a‐Si TFT Technology
Authors: Cho An‐Thung , Tseng Hung‐Wei , Sun Min‐Wei , Chen Shin‐Shueh , Lee Ming‐Hsien , Wu Yu‐Hua , Liu Wan‐Yi , Peng Chia‐Tien , Kuo Chung‐Hong , Chen Jim‐Shone , Li Chun‐Huai , Hung Chi‐Mao , Huang Wei‐Ming
Published: October 2010

We have developed a new AMLCD with multiple ambient light sensors (ALSs) for reducing backlight (BL) power consumption, and false sensing of ambient illuminance. ALSs perform well in showing BL control for power‐saving, even though one of the sensors is covered by a finger shadow. Architecture of integrated ALS with a‐Si and LTPS technologies are presented. We fabricate the in‐cell, and wide‐dynamic‐sensing ALSs display using new light sensor technology. Photo‐electrical characteristics with well linearity and reliability under long‐term operation were observed.