bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A case series to examine whether people with learning disabilities can learn prerequisite skills for cognitive behavioural therapy
Authors: Tsimopoulou Ioanna , Kroese Biza Stenfert , Unwin Gemma , Azmi Sabiha , Jones Christopher
Published: January 2018

Although cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is recommended for the treatment of a number of mental disorders among the general population, the ability of individuals with learning disabilities (LD) to understand CBT concepts and engage in CBT has been questioned. Aims: To examine whether specific prerequisite skills for CBT can be taught to people with LD using a newly developed training intervention and to investigate the acceptability of the intervention. Method: The study adopted a within-subjects case series research design. Quantitative assessment methods were used to evaluate the CBT skills of six adults with mild to moderate LD pre-intervention, following intervention and at 1-week follow-up. Participants were also asked to provide some qualitative feedback about how they had experienced the intervention. Results: The cognitive mediation skills and the ability of most participants to link activating events to emotions increased following intervention training and this improvement was maintained for four of them at follow-up. The feedback of participants regarding the process and content of the task demands was positive. Conclusions: The findings suggest that people with LD can learn some of the skills considered necessary to participate in CBT, such as cognitive mediation. However, further and more robust research is required to substantiate these findings.
Sommerlicher Bootsunfall mit Konsequenzen: akzidentelle Hypothermie auf der Notfallstation
Authors: Obert David , Fusi-Schmidhauser Tanja , Pons Marco
Published: January 2018

Zusammenfassung. Ein 70-jähriger Patient wurde nach einem Bootsunfall mit verminderter Körpertemperatur (Hypothermie Stadium II) in die Notaufnahme eingeliefert. Aufgrund des vorliegenden Verwirrtheitszustandes war keine klare Anamnese zu erheben, weswegen eine sekundäre Hypothermie zu Beginn nicht ausgeschlossen werden konnte. Die arterielle BGA wies eine schwere metabolische Laktatazidose auf. Ausserdem zeigte das EKG J-Wellen, positive Ausschläge am Ende des QRS-Komplexes, welche typisch für eine Hypothermie sind. Nach Erwärmung mittels warmer Infusionslösungen und konvektiver Wärmeleitsysteme normalisierten sich sowohl der EKG-Befund als auch der Säure-Basen-Haushalt.
Umfassende Behandlung von Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter
Authors: Laimbacher Josef
Published: January 2018

Zusammenfassung. Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter ist eine komplexe Herausforderung. Die Früherfassung durch den Grundversorger ist dabei wichtig. In der Schweiz können seit dem 01.01.2014 die umfassenden Betreuungsformen (individuell oder in der Gruppe) kostenpflichtig und leistungsberechtigt erbracht werden. Um der globalen Übergewichtsepidemie Einhalt zu gebieten, bedarf es weltweit aber bereits präkonzeptionell umfassender gesundheitsfördernder und primär präventiver Massnahmen.
CME
Authors: Bohnen Marius , Biskup Ewelina
Published: January 2018

Zusammenfassung. Angesichts der zunehmenden Anzahl kardialer Interventionen steigt auch die Inzidenz eines «Post-Cardiac Injury Syndrome» (PCIS). Dies stellt eine Form einer akuten Perikarditis dar und schliesst verschiedene pleuroperikardiale Syndrome ein, welche durch eine initiale Verletzung des Perikards/Myokards auftreten können. Klinisch präsentieren diese sich in einer Bandbreite von einer unkomplizierten Perikarditis bis hin zu komplexen Pleuroperikarditiden, Perikardtamponaden oder massiven Pleuraergüssen. Es wird eine immunvermittelte Pathogenese bei prädisponierten Patienten angenommen. Die Therapie basiert auf einer empirischen antiinflammatorischen Behandlung, inklusive Colchizin zur Prävention von Rezidiven.
Michael Strasser Receives 2017 Asahiko Taira International Scientific Ocean Drilling Research Prize
Authors:   AGU
Published: January 2018

Michael Strasser was awarded the 2017 Asahiko Taira International Scientific Ocean Drilling Research Prize at the American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting Honors Ceremony, held on 13 December 2017 in New Orleans, La. The Taira Prize is a partnership between AGU and the Japan Geoscience Union (JpGU) and is made possible through a generous donation from the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Management International (IOPD-MI). The prize honors an individual for “outstanding transdisciplinary research accomplishment in ocean drilling.”
Connecting Scientific Data and Real-World Samples
Authors: Cox Simon , Klump Jens , Lehnert Kerstin
Published: January 2018

International Symposium on Linking Environmental Data and Samples; Canberra, Australia, 29 May to 2 June 2017
New 5-Aryl-Substituted 2-Aminobenzamide-Type HDAC Inhibitors with a Diketopiperazine Group and Their Ameliorating Effects on Ischemia-Induced Neuronal Cell Death
Authors: Hirata Yoshiyuki , Sasaki Tsutomu , Kanki Hideaki , Choong Chi-Jing , Nishiyama Kumiko , Kubo Genki , Hotei Ayana , Taniguchi Masahiko , Mochizuki Hideki , Uesato Shinichi
Published: January 2018

We previously synthesized new 5-thienyl-substituted 2-aminobenzamide-type HDAC1, 2 inhibitors with the (4-ethyl-2,3-dioxopiperazine-1-carboxamido) methyl group. K-560 (1a) protected against neuronal cell death in a Parkinson’s disease model by up-regulating the expression of XIAP. This finding prompted us to design new K-560-related compounds. We examined the structure activity relationship (SAR) for the neuronal protective effects of newly synthesized and known K-560 derivatives after cerebral ischemia. Among them, K-856 (8), containing the (4-methyl-2,5-dioxopiperazin-1-yl) methyl group, exhibited a promising neuronal survival activity. The SAR study strongly suggested that the attachment of a monocyclic 2,3- or 2,5-diketopiperazine group to the 2-amino-5-aryl (but not 2-nitro-5-aryl) scaffold is necessary for K-560-related compounds to exert a potent neuroprotective effect.
CREB-binding protein plays key roles in juvenile hormone action in the red flour beetle, Tribolium Castaneum
Authors: Xu Jingjing , Roy Amit , Palli Subba Reddy
Published: January 2018

Juvenile hormones (JH) and ecdysteroids regulate many biological and metabolic processes. CREB-binding protein (CBP) is a transcriptional co-regulator with histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity. Therefore, CBP is involved in activation of many transcription factors that regulate expression of genes associated with postembryonic development in insects. However, the function of CBP in JH action in insects is not well understood. Hence, we studied the role of CBP in JH action in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum and the Tribolium cell line. CBP knockdown caused a decrease in JH induction of genes, Kr-h1, 4EBP and G13402 in T. castaneum larvae, adults and TcA cells whereas, Trichostatin A [TSA, a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor] induced the expression of these JH-response genes. Western blot analysis with specific antibodies revealed the requirement of CBP for the acetylation of H3K18 and H3K27 in both T. castaneum and TcA cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (Chip) assays showed the importance of CBP-mediated acetylation of H3K27 for JH induction of Kr-h1, 4EBP, and G13402 in TcA cells. These data suggest that CBP plays an important role in JH action in the model insect, T.castaneum.
Metabolomic analysis of low and high biofilm-forming Helicobacter pylori strains
Authors: Wong Eric Hong Jian , Ng Chow Goon , Goh Khean Lee , Vadivelu Jamuna , Ho Bow , Loke Mun Fai
Published: January 2018

The biofilm-forming-capability of Helicobacter pylori has been suggested to be among factors influencing treatment outcome. However, H. pylori exhibit strain-to-strain differences in biofilm-forming-capability. Metabolomics enables the inference of spatial and temporal changes of metabolic activities during biofilm formation. Our study seeks to examine the differences in metabolome of low and high biofilm-formers using the metabolomic approach. Eight H. pylori clinical strains with different biofilm-forming-capability were chosen for metabolomic analysis. Bacterial metabolites were extracted using Bligh and Dyer method and analyzed by Liquid Chromatography/Quadrupole Time-of-Flight mass spectrometry. The data was processed and analyzed using the MassHunter Qualitative Analysis and the Mass Profiler Professional programs. Based on global metabolomic profiles, low and high biofilm-formers presented as two distinctly different groups. Interestingly, low-biofilm-formers produced more metabolites than high-biofilm-formers. Further analysis was performed to identify metabolites that differed significantly (p-value < 0.005) between low and high biofilm-formers. These metabolites include major categories of lipids and metabolites involve in prostaglandin and folate metabolism. Our findings suggest that biofilm formation in H. pylori is complex and probably driven by the bacterium’ endogenous metabolism. Understanding the underlying metabolic differences between low and high biofilm-formers may enhance our current understanding of pathogenesis, extragastric survival and transmission of H. pylori infections.
Widespread modulation of gene expression by copy number variation in skeletal muscle
Authors: Geistlinger Ludwig , da Silva Vinicius Henrique , Cesar Aline Silva Mello , Tizioto Polyana Cristine , Waldron Levi , Zimmer Ralf , Regitano Luciana Correia de Almeida , Coutinho Luiz Lehmann
Published: January 2018

Copy number variation (CNV) is a frequently observed deviation from the diploid state due to duplication or deletion of genomic regions. Although intensively analyzed for association with diseases and production traits, the specific mechanisms and extent by which such variations affect the phenotype are incompletely understood. We present an integrative study on CNV and genome-wide gene expression in Brazilian Bos indicus cattle. We analyzed CNVs inferred from SNP-chip data for effects on gene expression measured with RNA-seq in skeletal muscle samples of 183 steers. Local effects, where expression changes coincided with CNVs in the respective genes, were restricted to immune genes. Distal effects were attributable to several high-impact CNVs that modulated remote expression in an orchestrated and intertwined fashion. These CNVs were located in the vicinity of major skeletal muscle pathway regulators and associated genes were enriched for proteolysis, autophagy, and muscle structure development. From association analysis between CNVs and several meat quality and production traits, we found CNV-associated expression effects to also manifest at the phenotype level. Based on genome sequences of the population founders, we further demonstrate that CNVs with impact on expression and phenotype are passed on from one generation to another.
Magneto-active substrates for local mechanical stimulation of living cells
Authors: Bidan Cécile M. , Fratzl Mario , Coullomb Alexis , Moreau Philippe , Lombard Alain H. , Wang Irène , Balland Martial , Boudou Thomas , Dempsey Nora M. , Devillers Thibaut , Dupont Aurélie
Published: January 2018

Cells are able to sense and react to their physical environment by translating a mechanical cue into an intracellular biochemical signal that triggers biological and mechanical responses. This process, called mechanotransduction, controls essential cellular functions such as proliferation and migration. The cellular response to an external mechanical stimulation has been investigated with various static and dynamic systems, so far limited to global deformations or to local stimulation through discrete substrates. To apply local and dynamic mechanical constraints at the single cell scale through a continuous surface, we have developed and modelled magneto-active substrates made of magnetic micro-pillars embedded in an elastomer. Constrained and unconstrained substrates are analysed to map surface stress resulting from the magnetic actuation of the micro-pillars and the adherent cells. These substrates have a rigidity in the range of cell matrices, and the magnetic micro-pillars generate local forces in the range of cellular forces, both in traction and compression. As an application, we followed the protrusive activity of cells subjected to dynamic stimulations. Our magneto-active substrates thus represent a new tool to study mechanotransduction in single cells, and complement existing techniques by exerting a local and dynamic stimulation, traction and compression, through a continuous soft substrate.
On terahertz pulsed broadband Gauss-Bessel beam free-space propagation
Authors: Kulya Maksim S. , Semenova Varvara A. , Bespalov Victor G. , Petrov Nikolay V.
Published: January 2018

Terahertz pulse time-domain holography is the ultimate technique allowing the evaluating a propagation of pulse broadband terahertz wavefronts and analyze their spatial, temporal and spectral evolution. We have numerically analyzed pulsed broadband terahertz Gauss-Bessel beam’s both spatio-temporal and spatio-spectral evolution in the non-paraxial approach. We have characterized two-dimensional spatio-temporal beam behavior and demonstrated all stages of pulse reshaping during the propagation, including X-shape pulse forming. The reshaping is also illustrated by the energy transfer dynamics, where the pulse energy flows from leading edge to trailing edge. This behavior illustrates strong spatio-temporal coupling effect when spatio-temporal distribution of Bessel beam’s wavefront depends on propagation distance. The spatio-temporal and spatio-spectral profiles for different spectral components clearly illustrate the model where the Bessel beam’s wavefront at the exit from the axicon can be divided into radial segments for which the wave vectors intersect. Phase velocity via propagation distance is estimated and compared with existing experimantal results. Results of the phase velocity calculation depend strongly on distance increment value, thus demonstrating superluminal or subluminal behavior.
Nonsymmorphic symmetry protected node-line semimetal in the trigonal YH3
Authors: Shao Dexi , Chen Tong , Gu Qinyan , Guo Zhaopeng , Lu Pengchao , Sun Jian , Sheng Li , Xing Dingyu
Published: January 2018

Using ab initio calculations based on density-functional theory and effective model analysis, we propose that the trigonal YH3 (Space Group: P$$\bar{{\bf{3}}}$$

3
¯

c1) at ambient pressure is a node-line semimetal when spin-orbit coupling (SOC) is ignored. This trigonal YH3 has very clean electronic structure near Fermi level and its nodal lines locate very closely to the Fermi energy, which makes it a perfect system for model analysis. Symmetry analysis shows that the nodal ring in this compound is protected by the glide-plane symmetry, where the band inversion of |Y+, d
xz
〉 and |H1−, s〉 orbits at Γ point is responsible for the formation of the nodal lines. When SOC is included, the line nodes are prohibited by the glide-plane symmetry, and a small gap (≈5 meV) appears, which leads YH3 to be a strong topological insulator with Z2 indices (1,000). Thus the glide-plane symmetry plays an opposite role in the formation of the nodal lines in cases without and with SOC. As the SOC-induced gap is so small that can be neglected, this P$$\bar{{\bf{3}}}$$

3
¯

c1 YH3 may be a good candidate for experimental explorations on the fundamental physics of topological node-line semimetals. We find the surface states of this P$$\bar{{\bf{3}}}$$

3
¯

c1 phase are somehow unique and may be helpful to identify the real ground state of YH3 in the experiment.
Electrochemical Evaluation and Phase-related Impedance Studies on Silicon–Few Layer Graphene (FLG) Composite Electrode Systems
Authors: Huang Qianye , Loveridge Melanie J. , Genieser Ronny , Lain Michael J. , Bhagat Rohit
Published: January 2018

Silicon-Few Layer Graphene (Si-FLG) composite electrodes are investigated using a scalable electrode manufacturing method. A comprehensive study on the electrochemical performance and the impedance response is measured using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The study demonstrates that the incorporation of few-layer graphene (FLG) results in significant improvement in terms of cyclability, electrode resistance and diffusion properties. Additionally, the diffusion impedance responses that occur during the phase changes in silicon is elucidated through Staircase Potentio Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (SPEIS): a more comprehensive and straightforward approach than previous state-of-charge based diffusion studies.
Chitin digestibility is dependent on feeding behaviors, which determine acidic chitinase mRNA levels in mammalian and poultry stomachs
Authors: Tabata Eri , Kashimura Akinori , Kikuchi Azusa , Masuda Hiromasa , Miyahara Ryo , Hiruma Yusuke , Wakita Satoshi , Ohno Misa , Sakaguchi Masayoshi , Sugahara Yasusato , Matoska Vaclav , Bauer Peter O. , Oyama Fumitaka
Published: January 2018

Chitin, a polymer of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc), functions as a major structural component in chitin-containing organism including crustaceans, insects and fungi. Recently, we reported that acidic chitinase (Chia) is highly expressed in mouse, chicken and pig stomach tissues and that it can digest chitin in the respective gastrointestinal tracts (GIT). In this study, we focus on major livestock and domestic animals and show that the levels of Chia mRNA in their stomach tissues are governed by the feeding behavior. Chia mRNA levels were significantly lower in the bovine (herbivores) and dog (carnivores) stomach than those in mouse, pig and chicken (omnivores). Consistent with the mRNA levels, Chia protein was very low in bovine stomach. In addition, the chitinolytic activity of E. coli-expressed bovine and dog Chia enzymes were moderately but significantly lower compared with those of the omnivorous Chia enzymes. Recombinant bovine and dog Chia enzymes can degrade chitin substrates under the artificial GIT conditions. Furthermore, genomes of some herbivorous animals such as rabbit and guinea pig do not contain functional Chia genes. These results indicate that feeding behavior affects Chia expression levels as well as chitinolytic activity of the enzyme, and determines chitin digestibility in the particular animals.
Principles of Green Food Processing (Including Lifecycle Assessment and Carbon Footprint)
Authors: Thoma G. J. , Ellsworth S. W. , Yan M. J.
Published: January 2018

We introduce green processing in the food manufacturing sector with an emphasis on sustainability assessment. We describe the systems approach of lifecycle assessment as a tool for evaluating environmental sustainability of processes or products. We briefly discuss other approaches for evaluating the triple bottom line of sustainability, known as lifecycle sustainability assessment, where the environmental, economic and social benefits and costs of food production, manufacturing and consumption are accounted for. A case study of the carbon footprint of fluid milk processing shows that even among modern production facilities, a wide variation in the carbon footprint exists, in addition to significant variations in the relative contributions of different operations within the manufacturing facility. Assessing the sustainability of food processing necessarily includes an assumed compliance with all regulatory and food safety requirements in addition to providing nutritional information. We discuss some current and emerging technologies that meet these requirements, providing brief descriptions highlighting their potential sustainability benefits. Finally, we discuss future directions for the incorporation of new (from the perspective of lifecycle assessment) impact assessment metrics – specifically, an accounting of the burden of food-borne illness and the effects of diet on human health.
Palladium-catalysed stereoselective synthesis of 4-(diarylmethylidene)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1(2H)-ones: expedient access to 4-substituted isoquinolin-1(2H)-ones and isoquinolines
Authors: Mondal Amrita , Kundu Priyanka , Jash Moumita , Chowdhury Chinmay
Published: January 2018

Palladium-catalysed stereoselective synthesis of 4-(diarylmethylidene)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1(2H)-ones and their straightforward transformations to 4-substituted isoquinolin-1(2H)-ones and isoquinolines are described.
Thermal reaction characteristics of dioxins on cement kiln dust
Authors: Zhan Ming-Xiu , Pan Shuping , Deviatkin Ivan , Chen Tong , Li Xiao-Dong
Published: January 2018

Cement kiln dust is commonly recycled back into the production process.
Flexible ultra-sensitive and resistive NO2 gas sensor based on nanostructured Zn(x)Fe(1−x)2O4
Authors: Goutham Solleti , Sadasivuni Kishor Kumar , Kumar Devarai Santhosh , Rao Kalagadda Venkateswara
Published: January 2018

Low concentration gas detection, rapid response time and low working temperature are anticipated for a varied range of toxic gas detection applications.
Gold, silver and nickel nanoparticle anchored cellulose nanofiber composites as highly active catalysts for the rapid and selective reduction of nitrophenols in water
Authors: Gopiraman Mayakrishnan , Deng Dian , Saravanamoorthy Somasundaram , Chung Ill-Min , Kim Ick Soo
Published: January 2018

Metal nanoparticles supported cellulose nanofiber composites (Au/CNF, Ni/CNF and Ag/CNF) were found to be highly efficient nanocatalysts for the rapid and selective reduction of nitrophenols in water.
Acetylation improves thermal stability and transmittance in FOLED substrates based on nanocellulose films
Authors: Yang Shuang , Xie Qiuxia , Liu Xiuyu , Wu Min , Wang Shuangfei , Song Xueping
Published: January 2018

Bleached softwood pulp was used to prepare nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) by mechanical grinding and a high-pressure homogenization process.
Polyetherimide hollow fiber membranes for CO2 absorption and stripping in membrane contactor application
Authors: Naim R. , Ismail A. F. , Matsuura T. , Rudaini I. A. , Abdullah S.
Published: January 2018

Porous asymmetric polyetherimide (PEI) hollow fiber membranes with various non-solvent additives, e.g. lithium chloride, methanol and phosphoric acid (PA) were prepared for a CO2 absorption and stripping process in a membrane contractor.
Band gap engineering of SnS2 nanosheets by anion–anion codoping for visible-light photocatalysis
Authors: Zhu Xiaoxia , Luo Xukai , Yuan Hongkuan , Chen Hong , Tian Chunling
Published: January 2018

We have systematically investigated the electronic structures of anionic monodoped (N and P) and codoped (N–N, N–P, and P–P) SnS2 nanosheets for the design of efficient water redox photocatalysts.
An ultra-compact blackbody using electrophoretic deposited carbon nanotube films
Authors: Lin Albert , Yang Chien-Chih , Parashar Parag , Lin Chien-Yung , Jian Ding Rung , Huang Wei-Ming , Huang Yi-Wen , Fu Sze Ming , Zhong Yan Kai , Tseng Tseung Yuen
Published: January 2018

Electrophoretic-deposited carbon nanotubes (EPD-CNTs) possess decent optical properties and low-cost processing and thus can be used as an ideal black body with compact dimension.
Energy transfer between rare earths in layered rare-earth hydroxides
Authors: Feng Pingping , Wang Xinying , Zhao Yushuang , Fang De-Cai , Yang Xiaojing
Published: January 2018

In LRHs, the energy transfer between rare earths in adjacent layers was more efficient than that between neighboring rare earths in intralayers.
Initiation mechanisms and kinetic analysis of the isothermal decomposition of poly(α-methylstyrene): a ReaxFF molecular dynamics study
Authors: Hu Shide , Sun Weiguo , Fu Jia , Zhang Zhanwen , Wu Weidong , Tang Yongjian
Published: January 2018

Thermal decomposition of the PαMS molecule is initiated by random cleavage of the C–C backbone in two mechanism modes.
Cu2(OH)PO4/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol under infrared light irradiation
Authors: Zhang Chenyang , Du Zhen , Zhou Ruyi , Xu Peng , Dong Xinghua , Fu Yanyan , Wang Qing , Su Chunjian , Yan Liang , Gu Zhanjun
Published: January 2018

Nanocomposites of Cu2(OH)PO4 and rGO exhibit the maximized infrared light photocatalytic activity for the degradation of 2,4-DCP due to the combination of the photocatalytic and photo-Fenton effects into one reaction system.
Reducing series resistance in Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 nanoparticle ink solar cells on flexible molybdenum foil substrates
Authors: Xu Xinya , Qu Yongtao , Barrioz Vincent , Zoppi Guillaume , Beattie Neil S.
Published: January 2018

The flexible CZTSSe solar cells on Mo foil achieved efficiency of 3.8%.
Asymmetric synthesis of polysubstituted chiral chromans via an organocatalytic oxa-Michael-nitro-Michael domino reaction
Authors: Tang Cheng-Ke , Feng Kai-Xiang , Xia Ai-Bao , Li Chen , Zheng Ya-Yun , Xu Zhen-Yuan , Xu Dan-Qian
Published: January 2018

A catalytic asymmetric method for the synthesis of polysubstituted chromans via an oxa-Michael-nitro-Michael domino reaction of 2-hydroxynitrostyrenes with trans-β-nitroolefins has been accomplished.
A self-assembled silicon/phenolic resin-based carbon core–shell nanocomposite as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Lu Zhiyao , Li Bing , Yang Daijun , Lv Hong , Xue Mingzhe , Zhang Cunman
Published: January 2018

A self-assembled silicon/phenolic resin-based carbon core–shell nanocomposite is reported, which exhibits a high and stable reversible capacity and good rate capability.
Synthesis, characterisation and ion-binding properties of oxathiacrown ethers appended to [Ru(bpy)2]2+. Selectivity towards Hg2+, Cd2+and Pb2+
Authors: Odhiambo Ruth A. , Aluoch Austin O. , Njenga Lydia W. , Kagwanja Stanley M. , Wandiga Shem O. , Wendt Ola F.
Published: January 2018

Oxathiacrown ether modified ruthenium complex2facilitates a selective naked-eye detection of Hg2+with an instrumental detection limit of 68 ppm.
An experienced chemistry teacher's practical knowledge of teaching with practical work: the PCK perspective
Authors: Wei Bing , Liu Hao
Published: January 2018

We have examined an experienced chemistry teacher's pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) of teaching with practical work in China. Based on the well-known PCK model by Magnusson S. J., Krajcik J. and Borko H., (1999), Nature, sources, and development of pedagogical content knowledge for science teaching, in Gess-Newsome J. and Lederman N. G. (ed.),Examining pedagogical content knowledge: the construct and its implications for science education, Boston: Kluwer, pp. 95–132, we focused on how the participant's teaching orientations and relevant contextual factors shaped his practical knowledge of teaching with practical work. Data from multiple sources were collected and analysed over one semester (four months), including interviews, direct classroom observation, textbooks and lesson plans. Three conclusions were drawn from this study: (1) the participant held multidimensional and mixed science teaching orientations, (2) the participant's science teaching orientations shaped his knowledge and beliefs about students’ learning and the instructional strategies related to practical work, and (3) contextual factors exerted great influence on his PCK.
Catastrophic depolymerization of microtubules driven by subunit shape change
Authors: Bollinger Jonathan A. , Stevens Mark J.
Published: January 2018

Microtubules exhibit a dynamic instability between growth and catastrophic depolymerization.
Enhanced cycling stability of hierarchical NiCo2S4@Ni(OH)2@PPy core–shell nanotube arrays for aqueous asymmetric supercapacitors
Authors: Liang Miaomiao , Zhao Mingshu , Wang Haiyang , Shen Junfang , Song Xiaoping
Published: January 2018

In this article, a novel electrode of NiCo2S4@Ni(OH)2@polypyrrole nanotube arrays supported on nickel foam is fabricated through a facile method.
A novel core–shell structured upconversion nanorod as a multimodal bioimaging and photothermal ablation agent for cancer theranostics
Authors: Wang Chen , Xu Chenlin , Xu Liangge , Sun Chunqiang , Yang Dan , Xu Jiating , He Fei , Gai Shili , Yang Piaoping
Published: January 2018

A multifunctional core–shell nanocomposite based on noble metal plasmons coated with upconversion material has emerged as a promising cancer theranostics nanoplatform.
A new n-type polymer based on N,N′-dialkoxynaphthalenediimide (NDIO) for organic thin-film transistors and all-polymer solar cells
Authors: He Yinghui , Li Xu , Liu Haitao , Meng Han , Wang Guan Ying , Cui Bo , Wang Jinliang , Li Yuning
Published: January 2018

A novel electron acceptor building block, N,N′-dialkoxynaphthalenediimide (NDIO), is synthesized and used to develop an n-type polymer semiconductor.
Eumelanin–Fe3O4 hybrid nanoparticles for enhanced MR/PA imaging-assisted local photothermolysis
Authors: Wang Junqing , Liu Heng , Liu Yu , Chu Chengchao , Yang Youyuan , Zeng Yun , Zhang Weiguo , Liu Gang
Published: January 2018

In this work, we report on biodegradable eumelanin–Fe3O4 hybrid nanoparticles (euMel–Fe3O4 NPs) for multiple imaging-assisted local photothermolysis.
Variational image fusion approach based on TGV and local information
Authors: Wang Qinxia , Yang Xiaoping
Published: January 2018

In this study, the authors propose a variational approach based on total generalised variation (TGV) and local gradient information to fuse multi‐focus images as well as medical images of computed tomography and magnetic resonance. They use the second‐order TGV as the regularisation term and local gradient information as the fusion weight to extract image features. To compute the new model effectively, the primal‐dual algorithm is carried out. Various experiments are made to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Catalog: Fourteenth data release
Authors: Pâris Isabelle , Petitjean Patrick , Aubourg Éric , Myers Adam D. , Streblyanska Alina , Lyke Brad W. , Anderson Scott F. , Armengaud Éric , Bautista Julian , Blanton Michael R. , Blomqvist Michael , Brinkmann Jonathan , Brownstein Joel R. , Brandt William Nielsen , Burtin Étienne , Dawson Kyle , de la Torre Sylvain , Georgakakis Antonis , Gil-Marín Héctor , Green Paul J. , Hall Patrick B. , Kneib Jean-Paul , LaMassa Stephanie M. , Le Goff Jean-Marc , MacLeod Chelsea , Mariappan Vivek , McGreer Ian D. , Merloni Andrea , Noterdaeme Pasquier , Palanque-Delabrouille Nathalie , Percival Will J. , Ross Ashley J. , Rossi Graziano , Schneider Donald P. , Seo Hee-Jong , Tojeiro Rita , Weaver Benjamin A. , Weijmans Anne-Marie , Yèche Christophe , Zarrouk Pauline , Zhao Gong-Bo
Published: January 2018

We present the data release 14 Quasar catalog (DR14Q) from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV). This catalog includes all SDSS-IV/eBOSS objects that were spectroscopically targeted as quasar candidates and that are confirmed as quasars via a new automated procedure combined with a partial visual inspection of spectra, have luminosities Mi [z = 2] < −20.5 (in a Λ CDM cosmology with H0 = 70 km s−1 Mpc−1, Ω M =0.3, and Ω Λ = 0.7), and either display at least one emission line with a full width at half maximum larger than 500 km s−1 or, if not, have interesting/complex absorption features. The catalog also includes previously spectroscopically-confirmed quasars from SDSS-I, II, and III. The catalog contains 526 356 quasars (144 046 are new discoveries since the beginning of SDSS-IV) detected over 9376 deg2 (2044 deg2 having new spectroscopic data available) with robust identification and redshift measured by a combination of principal component eigenspectra. The catalog is estimated to have about 0.5% contamination. Redshifts are provided for the Mg II emission line. The catalog identifies 21 877 broad absorption line quasars and lists their characteristics. For each object, the catalog presents five-band (u, g, r, i, z) CCD-based photometry with typical accuracy of 0.03 mag. The catalog also contains X-ray, ultraviolet, near-infrared, and radio emission properties of the quasars, when available, from other large-area surveys. The calibrated digital spectra, covering the wavelength region 3610–10 140 Å at a spectral resolution in the range 1300 < R < 2500, can be retrieved from the SDSS Science Archiver Server.
Reha in der Alterstraumatologie
Authors: Greitemann Bernhard
Published: January 2018

Das steigende Lebensalter der Bevölkerung und der damit verbundene hohe Anteil älterer Menschen führen zwangsläufig auch zu einer erhöhten Anzahl von Traumata im höheren Alter. Bedingt ist dies durch ein Zusammenwirken von nachlassender Kraft und Koordination, begleitet von Störungen des Gleichgewichtssinns, der Sehfähigkeit und einer in aller Regel vorhandenen Multimorbidität, die zum sog. Frailty-Syndrom führt, d. h. allen Zeichen der Gebrechlichkeit. Auch die bei älteren Patienten oft anzutreffende Multimedikation mit fatalen Nebenwirkungen auf Koordination und Gleichgewicht sowie Kreislauf verstärken dies mit daraus resultierender deutlich erhöhter Sturzgefahr. Klassische im Alter vorkommende Frakturen sind insbesondere hüftgelenksnahe Frakturen (im Speziellen Azetabulum- und Femurfrakturen, Frakturen am Humerus bzw. Handgelenk, aber auch scheinbar banale Umknicktraumata mit schweren Luxationsfrakturen im Bereich des Sprunggelenks). Nicht unerwähnt bleiben soll der hohe Anteil von Betroffenen von Insuffizienzfrakturen bei vorbestehender Osteoporose, dann meist im Bereich der Wirbelsäule bzw. des Beckens. All diese Patienten bedürfen einer speziellen multi- und interdisziplinären rehabilitativen Fürsorge. Es ist eine intensive Kooperation zwischen Operateur und orthopädisch-traumatologisch sowie geriatrisch erfahrenem Rehabilitationsspezialisten erforderlich, um diese Patienten suffizient betreuen zu können.
Kraftfahreignung nach Schlaganfall
Authors: Marx Peter
Published: January 2018

Kraftfahreignung nach einem zerebrovaskulären Ereignis kann erst nach erfolgreicher Therapie und abhängig von den besonderen Umständen des
Einzelfalles attestiert werden. Die dem behandelnden Arzt obliegende Sicherheitsaufklärung erfordert ebenso, wie die Begutachtung,
Kenntnisse der rechtlichen Gegebenheiten, die in Fahrerlaubnisverordnung bzw. den Begutachtungsleitlinien zur Kraftfahrereignung
niedergelegt sind. Dem Arzt obliegt die Aufgabe, eventuelle Beeinträchtigungen der körperlichen und geistigen Leistungsfähigkeit für das
Führen eines Kraftfahrzeuges zu erkennen und zu bewerten, das Gefährdungspotential durch plötzliches Versagen der körperlich-geistigen
(psychischen) Leistungsfähigkeit zu prognostizieren und dabei auch eventuelle sicherheitswidrige Einstellungen, mangelnde Einsichtsfähigkeit
oder Persönlichkeitsmängel zu berücksichtigen, die ein regelkonformes und sicherheitsgerechtes Verhalten nicht gewährleisten.
Körperlich-geistige Leistungsfähigkeitseinschränkungen nach Schlaganfällen können oft durch Auflagen und Beschränkungen kompensiert werden.
Besonders schwierig sind Aussagen über die Wahrscheinlichkeit eines plötzlichen Kontrollverlust und die dadurch bedingte Verkehrsgefährdung
durch Schlaganfallrezidive. In Anlehnung an die Risk-of-Harm-Formula der Canadian Cardiovascular Society werden Einschätzungsmodelle
diskutiert, die zur Orientierung dienen können.
Magnetoresistance effect in permalloy nanowires with various types of notches
Authors: Gao Y. , You B. , Wang J. , Yuan Y. , Wei L. J. , Tu H. Q. , Zhang W. , Du J.
Published: January 2018

Suppressing the stochastic domain wall (DW) motion in magnetic nanowires is of great importance for designing DW-related spintronic devices. In this work, we have investigated the pinning/depinning processes of DWs in permalloy nanowires with three different types of notches by using longitudinal magnetoresistance (MR) measurement. The averaged MR curves demonstrate that the stochastic DW depinning is suppressed partly or even completely by a transversely asymmetric notch. The single-shot MR curves show that how the resistance changes with the applied field also depends strongly on the notch type while the DW is pinned around the notch. In the case of two depinning fields, larger (smaller) change of resistance always corresponds to larger (smaller) depinning field, regardless of the notch type. These phenomena can be understood by that the spin structure around the notch changes differently with the notch type when the DW is traveling through the notch.
Soft magnetic characteristics of laminated magnetic block cores assembled with a high Bs nanocrystalline alloy
Authors: Yao Atsushi , Inoue Masaki , Tsukada Kouhei , Fujisaki Keisuke
Published: January 2018

This paper focuses on an evaluation of core losses in laminated magnetic block cores assembled with a high Bs nanocrystalline alloy in high magnetic flux density region. To discuss the soft magnetic properties of the high Bs block cores, the comparison with amorphous (SA1) block cores is also performed. In the high Bs block core, both low core losses and high saturation flux densities Bs are satisfied in the low frequency region. Furthermore, in the laminated block core made of the high Bs alloy, the rate of increase of iron losses as a function of the magnetic flux density remains small up to around 1.6 T, which cannot be realized in conventional laminated block cores based on amorphous alloy. The block core made of the high Bs alloy exhibits comparable core loss with that of amorphous alloy core in the high-frequency region. Thus, it is expected that this laminated high Bs block core can achieve low core losses and high saturation flux densities in the high-frequency region.
Systems levers for commissioning primary mental healthcare: a rapid review
Authors: Meurk Carla , Harris Meredith , Wright Eryn , Reavley Nicola , Scheurer Roman , Bassilios Bridget , Salom Caroline , Pirkis Jane
Published: January 2018

Primary Health Networks (PHNs) are a new institution for health systems management in the Australian healthcare system. PHNs will play a key role in mental health reform through planning and commissioning primary mental health services at a regional level, specifically adopting a stepped care approach. Selected PHNs are also trialling a healthcare homes approach. Little is known about the systems levers that could be applied by PHNs to achieve these aims. A rapid review of academic and grey literature published between 2006 and 2016 was undertaken to describe the use of systems levers in commissioning primary care services. Fifty-six documents met the inclusion criteria, including twelve specific to primary mental healthcare. Twenty-six levers were identified. Referral management, contracts and tendering processes, and health information systems were identified as useful levers for implementing stepped care approaches. Location, enrolment, capitation and health information systems were identified as useful in implementing a healthcare homes approach. Other levers were relevant to overall health system functioning. Further work is needed to develop a robust evidence-base for systems levers. PHNs can facilitate this by documenting and evaluating the levers that they deploy, and making their findings available to researchers and other commissioning bodies.
Characterization of medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoate biosynthesis by Pseudomonas mosselii TO7 using crude glycerol
Authors: Liu Ming-Hsu , Chen Yi-Jr , Lee Chia-Yin
Published: January 2018

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are biopolyesters produced by microorganisms that are environmentally friendly. PHAs can be used to replace traditional plastic to reduce environmental pollution in various fields. PHA production costs are high because PHA must be produced from a carbon substrate. The purpose of this study was to find the strain that can used the BDF by-product as the sole carbon source to produce high amounts of medium-chain-length PHA. Three isolates were evaluated for potential PHA production by using biodiesel-derived crude glycerol as the sole carbon source. Among them, Pseudomonas mosselii TO7 yielded high PHA content. The PHA produced from P. mosselii TO7 were medium-chain-length-PHAs. The PHA content of 48% cell dry weight in 48 h with a maximum PHA productivity of 13.16 mg PHAs L−1 h−1. The narrow polydispersity index value of 1.3 reflected the homogeneity of the polymer chain, which was conducive to industrial applications.
The second Herschel–ATLAS Data Release – III. Optical and near-infrared counterparts in the North Galactic Plane field
Authors: Furlanetto C , Dye S , Bourne N , Maddox S , Dunne L , Eales S , Valiante E , Smith M W , Smith D J B , Ivison R J , Ibar E
Published: January 2018

This paper forms part of the second major public data release of the Herschel Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (H-ATLAS). In this work, we describe the identification of optical and near-infrared counterparts to the submillimetre detected sources in the 177 deg2 North Galactic Plane (NGP) field. We used the likelihood ratio method to identify counterparts in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and in the United Kingdom InfraRed Telescope Imaging Deep Sky Survey within a search radius of 10 arcsec of the H-ATLAS sources with a 4σ detection at 250 μm. We obtained reliable (R ≥ 0.8) optical counterparts with r < 22.4 for 42 429 H-ATLAS sources (37.8 per cent), with an estimated completeness of 71.7 per cent and a false identification rate of 4.7 per cent. We also identified counterparts in the near-infrared using deeper K-band data which covers a smaller ∼25 deg2. We found reliable near-infrared counterparts to 61.8 per cent of the 250-μm-selected sources within that area. We assessed the performance of the likelihood ratio method to identify optical and near-infrared counterparts taking into account the depth and area of both input catalogues. Using catalogues with the same surface density of objects in the overlapping ∼25 deg2 area, we obtained that the reliable fraction in the near-infrared (54.8 per cent) is significantly higher than in the optical (36.4 per cent). Finally, using deep radio data which covers a small region of the NGP field, we found that 80–90 per cent of our reliable identifications are correct.
All in The Name of Vanity
Authors: Li Yan , Spooner Linda M. , Abraham George M.
Published: January 2018

We report a case of refractory skin abscesses caused by Mycobacterium abscessus resulting from cosmetic surgery. A 25-year-old woman developed recurrent cutaneous infection caused by M. abscessus after multiple cosmetic surgeries in the Dominican Republic. Despite of the removal of infected implants, she failed a 20-month treatment with azithromycin, cefoxitin, and amikacin. The patient presented to our institution 28 months after the initial surgeries and approximately 5 months after initiation of her latest antimicrobial regimen of azithromycin, imipenem, and amikacin. Here, she was restarted on cefoxitin 2 g daily, amikacin 750 mg daily, and azithromycin 1000 mg daily. She completed an additional 4 months (a total of 9 months) of therapy with complete clinical resolution. In conclusion, clinical suspicion of M. abscessus infection is essential for the diagnosis. Patient compliance is integral to a successful outcome because the treatment involves prolonged duration, continuous intravenous antibiotics, and multiple potential adverse effects.
Respiratory Viruses in a Primary Health Care Facility in Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Authors: Bruning Andrea H.L. , de Kruijf Wilhelmina B. , van Weert Henk C.P.M. , Vrakking Anja , de Jong Menno D. , Wolthers Katja C. , Pajkrt Dasja
Published: January 2018

Background

Laboratory testing for respiratory tract infections (RTIs) is not routinely performed in primary care. Their etiology is usually unknown, and although RTIs are mainly of viral origin, the contribution of different respiratory viruses is uncertain. Our study aims to increase our insight into the epidemiology of respiratory viruses in primary care and to evaluate the accuracy of the general practitioner's (GP's) clinical diagnosis of influenza virus infection.

Methods

We prospectively recruited patients who presented with RTI symptoms at a primary care facility in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, during the 2015–2016 winter season. Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients were summarized using a questionnaire. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected and tested with a multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay detecting 14 respiratory viruses.

Results

One or more respiratory viruses were present in 42.5% of the patients (n = 353). The most frequently detected viruses were rhinovirus (11.6%), human coronavirus (8.8%), and influenza A virus (7.6%). Sensitivity of GP's clinical diagnosis for influenza virus infection was 52.6% and specificity was 78.3%.

Conclusions

Despite the use of a sensitive polymerase chain reaction, a respiratory virus could be detected in less than half of the patients visiting the GP with RTI symptoms. It is difficult to clinically distinguish influenza from other causes of RTIs. Correct etiological diagnosis of RTIs is needed because it contributes to differential diagnosis, might give direction to development of specific antiviral therapies and vaccines, reduce unnecessary prescription of antibiotics, and clarifies the clinical spectrum of the different respiratory viruses.
Epidemiologic Evaluation of Rothia Bacteremias
Authors: Shaeer Kristy M. , Addisu Anteneh , Nanjappa Sowmya , Greene John N.
Published: January 2018

Background

Clinicians may have previously considered Rothia spp as a contaminant, nonpathogenic flora, or rare etiology of infection. These organisms have been acknowledged as opportunistic pathogens particularly in immunocompromised patients, yet a dearth of information exists regarding this species. Our study investigated the characteristics and clinical outcomes associated with Rothia bacteremias in cancer patients.

Methods

We performed a single-center retrospective cohort study of patients with cancer with a positive blood culture for Rothia spp, from December 1, 2012 to May 17, 2017 at the H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute in Tampa, Fla.

Results

Thirty-six patients who predominantly had hematologic malignancies and profound and prolonged neutropenia were identified. All patients rapidly cleared the bacteremia as was demonstrated by subsequent negative blood cultures, which were rechecked 24 to 48 hours after initiation of intravenous antimicrobial therapy. Characteristics previously identified as predisposing factors in Rothia-associated infections were present in our patients such as fluoroquinolone prophylaxis (78%), receipt of chemotherapy (100%), mechanical ventilation (8%), and central venous catheters (100%). Complications arose where patients developed sepsis or systemic inflammatory response syndrome (n = 21), pneumonia (n = 3), cellulitis (n = 2), and meningitis (n = 1). Over 75% of with sensitivities were susceptible to penicillin. The average duration of therapy was 11 ± 6 days.

Conclusions

Rothia bacteremia is a rare infection and associated with rapid clearance upon initiation of appropriate antimicrobial therapy. In vitro susceptibility is now available and should be performed on all isolates to identify cases where antibiotic deescalation and resistance may occur.
An Optimal Partial Ossicular Prosthesis Should Connect Both to the Tympanic Membrane and Malleus: A Temporal Bone Study Using Laser Doppler Vibrometry
Authors: Niklasson Anders , Gladiné Kilian , Rönnblom Anton , von Unge Magnus , Dirckx Joris , Tano Krister
Published: January 2018

Objective:

To compare stapes vibrations in different partial ossicular replacement prosthesis (PORP) applications.

Methods:

Stapedial vibrations were measured on fresh frozen human temporal bones with laser Doppler vibrometry. Eight different types of common ossiculoplasty methods were compared regarding recovery of stapes vibrations in relation with the normal ossicular chain. The PORPs were divided into three groups: 1) PORPs with the lateral contact only with the tympanic membrane, 2) PORPs with lateral contact only to the malleus handle, and 3) PORPs with lateral contact with both the malleus handle and the tympanic membrane.

Results:

The PORPs with lateral contact only to the malleus handle performed better than the PORPs with lateral contact to the tympanic membrane only at 2 kHZ, but the best recovery was found in the group with contact both to the malleus handle and the tympanic membrane.

Conclusion:

The best sound transmission might be achieved by placing a PORP in contact with both the tympanic membrane and the handle of the malleus.