bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differentiating malignant and benign breast tumors using a continuous-time random-walk diffusion model
Authors: Du Mu , Zou Da , Hou Yanzhen , Zheng Liyun , Wu Dongmei , Dai Yongming , Liu Yubao
Published: August 2023

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an important diagnostic method for the breast cancer. However, for conventional MRI techniques such as diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), it ignores the non-Gaussian behaviors of the water diffusion caused by the restriction of tissue microstructure, thus the conventional method is insensitive to microstructural and heterogeneity changes in breast tumor. This study explores the feasibility of applying a continuous-time random-walk (CTRW) non-Gaussian diffusion model to the differentiation and assessment of malignant and benign breast tumors. The correlations between CTRW parameters and breast tumor immunohistochemical features such as oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and Ki67 expression status are studied. The CTRW model has potential in future applications of breast tumor malignancy and therapeutic efficacy evaluation.
Clinical Value of Synthetic MRI and DCE-MRI in the Differentiation of Benign and Malignant Breast Lesions
Authors: liu jinrui , xu mengyin , li zhihao , ren jialiang , an zhaohui
Published: August 2023

In this study, an evaluation was proposed based on the clinical value of synthetic MRI parameters in distinguishing benign and malignant breast lesions. From conclusion, the T2-pre values and PD-pre values were statistically significant different between benign and malignant lesion. The combined T2-pre, PD-pre with BI-RADS outperformed BI-RADS only in discriminating malignant and benign lesions, which has potential clinical value for improving diagnostic accuracy of breast lesions.
Golden-angle radial sparse parallel (GRASP) and simultaneous multi-slice RESOLVE DWI MRI in evaluation of postoperative pituitary adenomas
Authors: Chen Zecheng , Niu Kai , Liu Xinrui , Yang Simin , Jiang Yueluan , Yu Zechen , Wang Hongchao , Zhang Huimao , Guo Chunjie
Published: August 2023

MRI is a primary imaging method for the evaluation of pituitary adenomas (PAs). However, it is challenging to identify the postoperative residual tumors using traditional techniques. A recent approach Golden-angle Radial Sparse Parallel (GRASP)-DCE, and the novel simultaneous multi-slice (SMS) readout-segmented EPI technique (RESOLVE) procedures were performed to assess the residual tumors of postoperative PAs. And the residual tumors were observed as slow enhancement in GRASP images while manifesting as hyperintense in SMS-RESOLVE images. Thus, both of them are promising techniques for the evaluation of postoperative residual PAs.
Bosniak II-III Cystic Renal Masses: Subtraction MR Images for Improvement of Interobserver Agreement with Bosniak Classification, Version 2019
Authors: Kang Huanhuan , Bai Xu , Xu Wei , Cui Mengqiu , Zhou Shaopeng , Liu Baichuan , Wang Haiyi
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether subtraction MR images can improve the interobserver agreement for Bosniak II, IIF and III cystic renal masses (CRMs) with Bosniak classification, version 2019. The results showed that the interobserver agreement was higher with subtraction MR images than without subtraction MR images (weighted k = 0.73 vs 0.60, respectively; P=.011), which may contribute to the popularization and application of Bosniak classification, version 2019.
Arbitrary Missing Contrast Generation Using Multi-Contrast Generative Network with An Encoder Network
Authors: Son Geonhui , Jun Yohan , Kim Sewon , Hwang Dosik , Eo* Taejoon
Published: August 2023

Multi-contrast images acquired with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provide abundant diagnostic information. However, the applicability of multi-contrast MRI is often limited by slow acquisition speed and high scanning cost. To overcome this issue, we propose a contrast generation method for arbitrary missing contrast images. First, StyleGAN2-based multi-contrast generator is trained to generate paired multi-contrast images. Second, pSp-based encoder network is used to predict style vectors from input images. Consequently, the imputation for arbitrary missing contrast is achieved by the process of (1) embedding one or more kinds of contrast images and (2) forward-propagating the style vector to the multi-contrast generator.
Feasibility of 3D breath hold MRCP: Prospective Comparison With parallel imaging technique and compressed sensing method
Authors: Chen Zhiyong , Xue Yunjing , Sun Bin , Song Yang
Published: August 2023

The modified 3D-BH-PI-MRCP technique allowing direct exciting the area of interest, could not only decrease the slice number but also could eliminate folding artifacts.
A Hybrid Dual Domain Deep Learning Framework for Cardiac MR Image Reconstruction
Authors: Khawaja Rameesha , Ammar Amna , Arshad Madiha , Najeeb Faisal , Omer Hammad
Published: August 2023

Reconstruction of cine Cardiac MRI (CMRI) is an active research area with room for improvement in motion detection (particularly irregular cardiac motion) and modeling in order to significantly enhance the quality of reconstructed images. Moreover, the reduction of scan time and image reconstruction time of cine CMRI is also a key aspect of today’s clinical requirement. We propose a dual domain cascade of neural networks intercalated with multi-coil data consistency layers for the reconstruction of cardiac MR images from Variable Density under-sampled data. The results show successful reconstruction results of our proposed method when compared with conventional compressed sensing reconstruction.
Ultra-thin slice Time-of-Flight MR angiography for brain with a deep learning constrained Compressed SENSE reconstruction
Authors: Kwon Jihun , Yoshida Takashige , Yoneyama Masami , Peeters Johannes , Cauteren Marc
Published: August 2023

Time-of-flight MR angiography (TOF-MRA) is a non-contrast-enhanced imaging technique widely used to visualize intracranial vasculature. In this study, we investigated the use of ultra-thin slice (up to 0.4 mm) to improve the delineation of the cerebral arteries in TOF-MRA. To reduce the noise while preserving the image quality, Compressed SENSE AI (CS-AI) reconstruction was used. Our results showed that the improved noise reduction by CS-AI enabled better visualization of vessels, especially on the thinner slices compared to conventional Compressed-SENSE. The usefulness of CS-AI was also demonstrated in clinical cases with moyamoya disease and suspected aneurysm patients.
Simulation of RF heating for patients with metallic gamma knife stereotaxic headframe in MRI
Authors: Jiang Weiman , Yang Fan , Wang Kun
Published: August 2023

In this study, electromagnetic simulation was used to calculate RF heating for the patients with metallic gamma knife stereotaxic headframe in MRI. The relationship between headframe structure parameters and patient SAR was investigated. Two effective SAR derating methods of adjusting the headframe structure parameters were proposed, which can significantly decrease 10 g local SAR from 253 W/kg to 68 W/kg and head SAR from 4.2 W/kg to 2.0 W/kg. This study provides the efficient and reliable methods to ensure safety of the patients with metallic gamma knife headframe in MRI.
Generation of DSC-MRI derived relative CBV maps from IVIM-MRI data
Authors: Wang Lu , Xing Zhen , Yang Qinqin , Cai Congbo , Chen Zhong , Cao Dairong , Wu Zhigang , Cai Shuhui
Published: August 2023

Dynamic susceptibility contrast magnetic resonance imaging (DSC-MRI) derived relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) is a valuable diagnosis biomarker. However, the injection of gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) in DSC-MRI acquisition is prone to cause adverse effects. In this study, a rCBV generation method was proposed based on deep neural network and intravoxel incoherent motion magnetic resonance imaging (IVIM-MRI) data. Consistency analysis shows that the rCBV maps generated from our proposed method are of high consistency with the realistic ones, implying that the proposed method has the potential to obtain DSC-MRI derived rCBV maps without GBCA injection.
Estimating multicomponent 2D relaxation spectra with a ViSTa-MR fingerprinting acquisition
Authors: Liu Yunsong , Liao Congyu , Kim Daeun , Setsompop Kawin , Haldar Justin
Published: August 2023

Multidimensional relaxation correlation spectroscopic imaging methods have demonstrated powerful capabilities to resolve subvoxel microstructure. In this work, we perform T1-T2 relaxation correlation spectroscopic imaging using a sequence that combines MR fingerprinting with a ViSTa preparation module to enhance sensitivity to short-T1 components. We demonstrate theoretically and empirically that this approach has advantages over MR fingerprinting without ViSTa. Empirical results demonstrate the ability to identify at least 6 anatomically plausible tissue components, including a short-T1 component that was not previously resolved when using MR fingerprinting without ViSTa. A novel generalized ADMM algorithm is also proposed that substantially improves computational efficiency.
Three-dimensional echo-shifted echo planar imaging with simultaneous blip-up and blip-down acquisitions for correcting geometric distortion
Authors: Sun Kaibao , Chen Zhifeng , Dan Guangyu , Luo Qingfei , Scotti Alessandro , Yan Lirong , Zhou Xiaohong Joe
Published: August 2023

Geometric distortion is a prevalent image artifact in echo planar imaging (EPI). In a method known as BUDA (blip-up/down acquisition), k-space model-based reconstruction of two EPI datasets acquired separately with opposing phase-encoding polarities has been shown to reduce image distortions. A main disadvantage is that the two-shot acquisition strategy doubles the scan time and increases vulnerability to motion. We herein introduce a novel sequence – 3D echo-shifted EPI with BUDA (esEPI-BUDA) – to address the aforementioned issues by integrating the two acquisitions into one shot. We have successfully applied the 3D esEPI-BUDA technique to functional MRI.
A Motion Assessment Method for Fetal Brain MRI Based on 2D-SVD and 3D-CP Decomposition
Authors: Xu Haoan , Shi Wen , Sun Jiwei , Sun Cong , Wang Guangbin , Zhang Yi , Wu Dan
Published: August 2023

Slice-to-volume registration and super-resolution reconstruction is commonly used to generate 3D volumes of the fetal brain from 2D stacks in multiple orientations. The current pipeline requires selecting the stack with minimal motion as a reference for registration. We proposed a motion assessment method that automatically determines the reference stack based on CANDECOMP/PARAFAC decomposition. This method is sensitive to motion across slices compared to other state-of-the-art methods. Combining motion assessment with the existing fetal brain MRI processing pipeline improved the reconstruction quality and the success rate.
Motion-corrected radial head MRI without any navigator, data redundancy or external tracking
Authors: Eldeniz Cihat , Commean Paul , Boroojeni Parna , Derakhshan Jamal , Yan Yan , Jammalamadaka Udayabhanu , Goyal Manu , Skolnick Gary , Patel Kamlesh , An Hongyu
Published: August 2023

Patient motion is a common problem in MRI. Both prospective and retrospective schemes can be inefficient if they use navigators. Therefore, self-navigation without any data redundancy is preferable. In this study, we propose a simple and robust motion detection scheme that is free from stringent assumptions. This is especially important while imaging the head because the motion patterns are unpredictable. The corrected and uncorrected images were reviewed by two neuroradiologists in terms of osseous distinction (in reference to CT), sharpness and artifact-freeness. The method is able to increase osseous distinction and sharpness without increasing artifacts. This offers substantial clinical utility.
Joint cardiorespiratory 1D navigator triggering using left ventricular motion: improving T2w-FSE imaging for thoracic radiotherapy
Authors: van Bochove Aart , Keijnemans Katrinus , Akdag Osman , Borman Pim , Fast Martin , van Lier Astrid
Published: August 2023

For MR-guided radiotherapy treatment planning of the thorax, cardiorespiratory triggered T2-weighted MRI images are desired. We investigate the usage of a navigator placed on the left ventricle to do cardiorespiratory triggering, and compare it to images obtained by placing the navigator on the liver-lung interface to do respiratory triggering. We scanned 5 healthy volunteers, making high-resolution scans with both navigators, and cine and 4D-MRI scans for reference. We found that cardiorespiratory triggering based on left ventricular motion is possible, and increases image quality, without increasing scan time and losing geometrical respiratory information.
T1 mapping and automated segmentation of the brain at 0.55 T
Authors: Bach Michael , Hilbert Tom , Santini Francesco , Breit Hanns , Klarhöfer Markus , Piccini Davide , Kober Tobias , Maréchal Bénédicte
Published: August 2023

T1 mapping could potentially accurately diagnose microstructural changes due to pathology. In this work, a mp2rage based approach was optimized to perform fast whole-brain T1 mapping at 0.55 T. The mp2rage method was validated by the inversion recovery (IR) method. Finally, a fully automated brain segmentation was applied to perform region-based analysis of T1 values. Both methods (IR and mp2rage) yield comparable T1 values. The fully automated brain segmentation showed a good performance for the mp2rage sequence at 0.55 T. ROI extraction should further be optimized as it showed outliers most likely due to CSF voxels contaminating the ROIs.
Evaluation of 3D-QALAS Multiparametric Imaging with Compressed SENSE Acceleration
Authors: Johnson Brian , Penatzer John , Ganji Sandeep
Published: August 2023

Simultaneous parametric mapping techniques like 3D-QALAS offer means for reliable measurement of T1, T2, and proton density while also offering the generation of standard imaging contrasts. 3D-QALAS has also been shown to provide consistent brain tissue segmentation and volumetric analysis. However, high-resolution 3D-QALAS scans suffer from long scan times. Applying acceleration techniques like compressed SENSE, which are highly effective at reducing 3D scan times, can bring 3D-QALAS scan times under 3-minutes. Here we evaluate the acceleration of 3D-QALAS using multiple compressed SENSE factors on scan times, image quality, multiparametric mapping, and volumetric analysis.
Quantitative multiple boli arterial spin labelling
Authors: Paterson Samantha , Vallatos Antoine , Graff Camille , Holmes William
Published: August 2023

The mbASL sequence is a hybrid between PASL and pCASL. It was shown to produce high SNR perfusion data. Quantification is crucial in order to produce accurate mbASL CBF maps. We have shown successful quantification by modifying the Buxton ASL kinetic model, optimising the number of pulses used for inversion and examining the optimal labelling slab thickness needed to maximise the SNR. We found CBF values that agree with current literature for mice and rats.
Deep learning-based CEST MRI classification of injured kidneys in multiple preclinical models
Authors: Bie Chongxue , Han Zheng , van Zijl Peter , Yadav Nirbhay , Liu Guanshu
Published: August 2023

Accurate detection of kidney injury is of immense importance for the diagnosis and treatment of acute kidney injury (AKI). While CEST MRI has the potential to reveal the pathophysiological changes on a molecular level, no automatic, CEST-based classification model has been developed. We developed a deep neural network (DNN) to analyze features of the Z-spectral data and to classify injured and healthy renal tissues. The results show that the classification model was capable of reliable prediction of kidney injury among different AKI mouse models. Results correlated well with serum creatinine (SCr) measurement.
Assignment of signal to cell type in MEMRI of the cerebellum
Authors: Rallapalli Harikrishna , Bayin N. , Goldman Hannah , Nieman Brian , Koretsky Alan , Joyner Alexandra , Turnbull Daniel
Published: August 2023

Manganese enhanced MRI (MEMRI) has been used to generate layer-specific contrast in preclinical neuroimaging studies, especially in the cerebellum. However, the cell types that contribute most to MEMRI signal have not yet been identified. In this study, we registered high resolution MEMRI to immunohistochemistry of the cerebellum to verify layer localization of signal. We found that the Purkinje cell layer (PCL) was the source of hyperintensity. Next, we manipulated cell types of the PCL using genetically engineered mouse models and quantified MEMRI signal changes. These results strongly suggest Purkinje cells are the primary cellular source of hyperintensity in cerebellar MEMRI.
AI-based prediction of patient mobility using MRI data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative
Authors: Sveinsson Bragi , Rosen Matthew
Published: August 2023

With an aging population, decreased muscle mass from conditions such as sarcopenia can be expected to lead to frequently decreased mobility, lowering patient quality of life. To develop effective treatments to slow down mobility loss, it is essential to obtain robust, objective mobility measurements that ideally do not require patient tasks. In this work, we explore the feasibility of predicting patient mobility by applying a neural network on sagittal knee MR images and accelerometry data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative.
CMR of fetal cardiac function and blood flow with doppler ultrasound cardiac gating
Authors: Englund Erin , Browne Lorna , Fujiwara Takashi , Friesen Richard , Moghari Mehdi , Barker Alex
Published: August 2023

Fetal CMR is difficult due to the lack of an ECG signal, fetal motion, small anatomic sizes and high fetal heart rates. Initial results are presented which use a doppler ultrasound gating device to capture fetal cardiac motion in standard cardiac views and blood flow was quantified with 4D flow MRI. bSSFP cine images were scored for image quality by two radiologists and flow in the umbilical vein, ascending aorta and main pulmonary artery were quantified and agreed well with reported values. Unique insight was provided with dynamic imaging regarding the fetal circulation and the impact of congenital disease.
Accelerated cardiac T1 mapping with bidirectional LSTMs and cyclic model-based loss
Authors: Le Johnathan , Mendes Jason , Ibrahim Mark , Wilson Brent , DiBella Edward , Adluru Ganesh
Published: August 2023

Cardiac T1 mapping has been shown to be a promising method for assessing different cardiomyopathies. Most cardiac T1 mapping methods require long breath holds during the acquisition which can be difficult for patients particularly during exercise or pharmacologically induced stress. Here we proposed using a multi-layer bidirectional LSTM with fully connected output and a cyclic model-based loss function to reduce the acquisition time of T1 mapping sequences without significant loss of quality.
Restored Torsion and Longitudinal Strain in ACE Inhibitor Treated Hypertension
Authors: Wilson Alexander , Sands Gregory , Wang Vicky , Pontre Beau , Ennis Daniel , Young Alistair , LeGrice Ian , Nash Martyn
Published: August 2023

Tagged CMR was used to measure torsion and longitudinal strain in a rodent model of hypertensive heart disease. Long-term ACE inhibitor treatment restored ejection fraction, torsion and longitudinal strain by 24 months of age. Longitudinal strain was the first functional measure to be restored, and this may indicate that longitudinal strain is a sensitive imaging biomarker for assessing the efficacy of treatment with regards to reverse remodeling in hypertension.
Simultaneous estimation of longitudinal relaxation time and intracellular water lifetime using Active Contrast Encoding MRI
Authors: Zhang Jin , Kiser Karl , Das Ayesha , Qayyum Sawwal , Kim Gene
Published: August 2023

Dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE)-MRI can be used as a tool to measure intracellular water lifetime (τi) in tumor cells which can be used as a biomarker for tumor aggressiveness and treatment response. Contrast kinetic model analysis in DCE-MRI requires accurate pre-contrast T1 measurement. We used multiple flip angles for active contrast encoding of both T1 and τi during dynamic data acquisition with one injection. The present study demonstrates the feasibility of measuring T1 and τi simultaneously from the active contrast encoding (ACE) MRI data. ACE-MRI also reduces the scan time by eliminating the need of separate pre-contrast T1 measurement.
Average Saturation Efficiency Filter (ASEF) for CEST Imaging
Authors: Jin Tao , Chung Julius
Published: August 2023

Endogenous CEST signal usually has low specificity due to contamination from the magnetization transfer effect and from fast exchanging labile protons with close Larmor frequencies. We propose to improve CEST signal specificity with an ASEF which measures the difference between CEST signals acquired with similar average saturation power but largely different duty cycles (DC), e.g., a continuous wave or a high DC pulse train versus a low DC one. Simulation and creatine phantom studies showed that ASEF can improve the specificity of slow to intermediate exchanging CEST signal with a relatively small loss of sensitivity.
Differentiating Radiation Necrosis from Tumour Progression in Brain Metastases using CEST: A Cross-Vendor Comparison
Authors: Chan Rachel , Lam Wilfred , Liebig Patrick , Murray Leedan , Mehrabian Hatef , Theriault Aimee , Endre Ruby , Detzler Garry , Myrehaug Sten , Tseng Chia-Lin , Detsky Jay , Maralani Pejman , Sahgal Arjun , Soliman Hany , Stanisz Greg
Published: August 2023

Stereotactic radiosurgery for the treatment of brain metastases delivers a high dose of radiation with excellent local control, but increases the likelihood of radiation necrosis. CEST is a promising technique for distinguishing radiation necrosis from tumour progression in brain metastases, but its application has been limited to a single MRI system and CEST sequence. This study explores the use of scaling of the magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) by the white matter (WM) of each patient for comparison across vendors/sequences. It was found that the WM-scaled MTR showed improved correspondence across the MR systems, across two CEST sequences.
Clinical features and CMR derived Left ventricular dysfunction in Obese Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: he jian , Xu Jing , Lu Minjie
Published: August 2023

In this well-defined cohort of prospectively studied 101 obese Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), 46 normal-weight HFpEF patients and 30 clinically healthy controls, we illustrated clinical features of obese HFpEF phenotype with more remarkable inflammation response, and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) derived left ventricular remodeling and worse subtle dysfunction, compared to normal-weight HFpEF and clinically healthy controls. In addition, diastolic dysfunction (impaired EGLSR, EGCSR, and EGRSR) and subtle systolic dysfunction were more prominent characteristics of obese HFpEF patients, showed modest to moderate correlations with body mass and estimated plasma volume, and assisted in the diagnosis of obese HFpEF.
Quantitative assessment of intracranial venous sinus thrombosis using MR 3D T1 SPACE imaging
Authors: Xiong Jingtong , Qu Xiaofeng , Bian Jie , Wu Jianlin , Zhang Chen
Published: August 2023

This study explores the feasibility of MR 3D T1 SPACE sequence in diagnose and differential diagnosis of Cerebral sinus venous thrombosis (CSVT) . The clinical phase of CVST in accordance with onset of symptom often lags behind image characters. Results showed that no obvious scientific difference was found among clinical phase groups. However, the differences between the acute, subacute and chronic imaging groups were statistically significant. Besides, CE rate of CVST in superficial veins was found higher than that in deep veins. MR 3D T1 SPACE has the potential to improve the accuracy of early diagnosis of CVST.
Intracellular Iron Chelation affects Cellular Metabolism in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells: Comparison between Human and Murine Models
Authors: Porcari Paola , Ackerstaff Ellen , Min Soe , Winkleman Dov P. , Lekaye H. Carl , Koutcher Jason A.
Published: August 2023

We investigated the effect of Deferiprone, an iron chelator clinically used for non-cancer related diseases, on cellular metabolism and the impairment of cell growth in the human MDA-MB-231 and murine 4T1 triple-negative breast cancer models. By comparing the findings obtained on both cell lines through 13C MRS monitoring with those related to mitochondrial respiration, we aimed to better understand the metabolic mechanism driving the changes that follow Deferiprone exposure. A stronger effect of DFP exposure was observed in human MDA-MB-231 cells than murine 4T1 cells.
Adaptive-CS-Net to Accelerate 3D T1-weighted Imaging: Brain Volume Measures for clinical use
Authors: Ganji Sandeep , Johnson Brian , Penatzer John , Peeters Johannes
Published: August 2023

Despite long scan times, 3D T1-weighted (T1w) MRI is routinely used for MRI studies to provide high resolution structural and volumetric information of brain. Volumetric analysis can serve as a biomarker and aid in clinical diagnosis of certain diseases such as Alzheimer’s, mild cognitive impairment, and atrophy, however, the standardized 3D T1-weighted scans suffer from long acquisition times well over 5 minutes. We compared the results of volumetric brain analysis for 3D T1w images acquired over a range of compressed SENSE acceleration factors with and without Adaptive-CS-Net reconstruction against a standard clinical 3D T1w MRI protocol.
Measurement of model-free diffusion tensor distribution using Connectome MRI and application in an anaplastic astrocytoma
Authors: Song Yiqiao , Ly Ina , Fan Qiuyun , Nummenmaa Aapo , Martinez-Lage Maria , Curry William , Dietrich Jorg , Forst Deborah , Rosen Bruce , Huang Susie , Gerstner Elizabeth
Published: August 2023

The availability of the Connectome MRI scanner with gradient strengths up to 300 mT/m enables resolution of a wider range of diffusion coefficients. This is particularly important for capturing the complexity and heterogeneity of biological tissues. Here, we outline a framework for analyzing diffusion MRI data to obtain a model-free diffusion tensor distribution (FDTD) with a wide variety of diffusion tensor structures and test it on a healthy subject. We apply this method and use K-means clustering to identify features in FDTD to visualize and characterize tissue heterogeneity in a subject with a World Health Organization grade 3 anaplastic astrocytoma.
Prospective Motion Correction and Data Re-acquisition at 7 Tesla using E/M Trackers
Authors: Hoge W. Scott , Afacan Onur , Warfield Simon , Roth Amir , Nevo Erez
Published: August 2023

We evaluated the utility of electro-magnetic (E/M) based tracking to correct for motion at 7 Tesla. A 3D Turbo-FLASH sequence was modified to include prospective field-of-view (FOV) steering and track motion events. Custom software provided FOV updates to the TFL sequence from E/M sensor location measurements. Motion events recorded by the software indicated time-periods when acquired data was likely corrupted due to motion. Logic within the sequence re-acquired motion-corrupted k-space data segments to yield high-quality high-spatial-resolution images. Results demonstrate the viability of E/M tracking at 7T.
Experimental and Numerical Simulation of the Miniature Flexible Coil for High-SNR Pituitary MRI
Authors: Liu Siyuan , Lin Jiahao , Bergsneider Marvin , Hadley Rock , Prashant Giyarpuram , Peeters Sophie , Sung Kyunghyun , Candler Robert
Published: August 2023

We simulate and experimentally verify SNR improvement from a miniature flexible coil with the ultimate goal to identify microadenomas in the pituitary gland that are currently undetectable. Through scans of a phantom at multiple angles, we show a maximum of 12 to 20 times, and a minimum of 2 to 4 times of SNR improvements compared to the commercial head coil. We also perform high-resolution PD-TSE scans to confirm the visual improvement of our flexible coil.
Improving Transmit and Receive Uniformity of 7T Brain MRI
Authors: Chebrolu Venkata Veerendranadh , Tafti Sina , Anderson Aaron , Sutton Brad
Published: August 2023

Transmit and Receive inhomogeneity accentuate with increase in MR main magnetic field strength. Recently uniform combined reconstruction (UNICORN) was proposed to improve receive uniformity and applied for improving intensity uniformity of two­-, three-, and N-dimensional 7T MRI data. In this work, we aim to improve both receive and transmit uniformity of 7T brain MRI by applying UNICORN in combination with transmit inhomogeneity correction methods. MP2RAGE images acquired with TrueForm, patient-specific and volume-selective B1 shimming methods were processed using the UNICORN algorithm. Significant improvement in uniformity was achieved using UNICORN compared to unnormalized images.
Gender-related differences in static and dynamic functional connectivity in multiple sclerosis: a multicenter study
Authors: Wang Yao , Zhou Fuqing , Liu Yaou , Long Qian
Published: August 2023

The study investigated gender-related differences in patients with multiple sclerosis by assessing static and dynamic functional connectivity within large scale functional networks. Our results observed that MS could eliminate the effect of gender on static and dynamic functional connectivity in healthy controls, and affect static connectivity in male patients and dynamic connectivty in female patients. Correlation analyses suggested these characteristics of static and dynamic connectivity were related to disability and gray matter volume. Thus, our findings underline the importance of gender in founctional impairment and reorganization in MS
To assess the patients with brachial plexus injury and the changes of T2 value after injury by using T2 mapping
Authors: Lian* Jianxiu , Duan* Luyao , Shen Zhiwei , Xu Xiaofang , Peng Zhigang , Yu Xiaoman
Published: August 2023

T2 mapping can provide quantitative parameter T2 values without radiation and damage, which can be used to quantitatively evaluate tissue inflammation and edema. The aim of this study was to evaluate patients with brachial plexus injury by using T2 mapping. And results showed that the T2 value would be prolonged when brachial plexus injured, and the T2 value would be shortened as patients recovers.
The effect of compressed sensing with multiple acceleration factors on brachial plexus 3D NerveVIEW
Authors: Zhang Haonan , Pu Renwang , Song Qingwei
Published: August 2023

The 3D-NerveVIEW sequence with suppression of lipid and blood signals and a long echo time can obtain high-quality images for visualization of brachial plexus, while the long scan time may limit its clinical application. Compressed SENSE (CS) is a newly developed technique in MRI that enables accelerated acquisition with maintained image quality. By comparing results of 3D-NerveVIEW for brachial plexus imaging with acceleration by the conventional SENSE and the advanced CS with dierent acceleration factors. We found that the 3D-NerveVIEW for brachial plexus imaging with a CS acceleration factor of 6 can obtained favorable images within signicantly reduced scan time.
Severe Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Burden is Associated with Brain Hypo-perfusion, and higher Framingham Risk score: An 8 year follow-up study
Authors: Zhang Xiaoqian , Liu Sirui , Feng Feng , Zuo Zhentao
Published: August 2023

The study investigated relationship between cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) burden, cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cardiovascular risk in the aging brains with normal cognitive function at baseline and conducted telephone cognitive follow-up for nearly 8 years. The results showed that severe CSVD burden was significantly associated with higher cardiovascular risk scores and decreased CBF in multiple areas, with involvement of nearly all cortical brain areas. Subjects with severe CSVD burden were more likely to suffer from long-term cognitive decline. This suggests the capability of CSVD burden serving as an imaging marker of predicting cognitive decline.
Evaluation of the Instability of Intracranial Aneurysms Wall by Dynamic Contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Vessel Wall Imaging
Authors: Fu Qichang , Zhang Yi , Cheng Jingliang , Guan Sheng , Zhu Chengcheng
Published: August 2023

This study used DCE-MRI and VWI to explore the value of Ktrans and aneurysm wall enhancement (AWE) in screening UIAs instability. Eighty-two patients were enrolled, including 51 patients with stable IAs and 31 patients with unstable IAs. All patients completed examinations based on a 3.0T Siemens Prisma magnetic resonance. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that AWEP (OR, 4.1; 95% CI, 2.06 to 8.16; P < 0.001) and Ktrans (OR, 2.77; 95% CI, 1.49 to 5.17; P = 0.01) were the only independent factors associated with unstable UIAs. Both Ktrans and AWEP were independent risk factors for the unstable state of UIAs.
Motion-resolved 4D Real-time Flow MRI
Authors: Sun Aiqi , Zhao Bo , Zheng Yichen , Long Yuliang , Wu Peng , Wang He
Published: August 2023

Conventional 4D flow MRI requires electrocardiogram gated cine acquisition and respiration control to measure flow dynamics associated with one synthetic cardiac cycle. This often leads to low acquisition efficiency and also cannot resolve beat-by-beat nor respiratory-related flow variations. This work presents a new 4D real-time flow MRI method which is able to simultaneously resolve respiratory and cardiac motion. Compared to conventional 4D flow MRI, the proposed method well captures the beat-by-beat flow variations and respiration-related flow dynamics. Its feasibility for aortic flow was demonstrated in several healthy subjects and also patients with atrial fibrillation.
Correlation between LV fractal dimension and impaired strain in patients with excessive trabeculation and normal LV ejection fraction
Authors: Yu Shiqin , Chen Xiuyu , Yang Kai , Wang Jiaxin , Zhao Kankan , Dong Wenhao , Yan Weipeng , Zhao Shihua
Published: August 2023

In patients with prominent excessive trabeculation, left ventricular systolic dysfunction was detected early by cardiac MRI feature tracking despite the presence of normal left ventricular ejection fraction and was associated with excessive trabecular complexity assessed by fractal dimension.
The Clinical value of Left ventricle and Septum for Right ventricular function in Patients with Left Ventricle Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Zhao Yanan , Li Tao , Cui Jianing , Liu Xueqian , Yue Xiuzheng
Published: August 2023

The reduced right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) has prognostic value for predicting cardiovascular mortality in patients with left ventricular acute myocardial infarction (LVAMI). Previous studies have shown that interaction between left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV). This study used CMR to further explore what factors affect the RVEF. The results shown that the incidence of reduced RVEF was 40% in LVAMI patients and the occurrence of reduced RVEF was associated with LVEF, LV end-systolic volume index and RV end-systolic volume index.
Are cerebral microvascular perfusion and diffusion dynamics associated with neurological function in acute ischemic stroke?
Authors: Chen Fei , Dai Zhenyu , Yao Lizheng , Dong Congsong , Shi Haicun , Dou Weiqiang
Published: August 2023

This work explored the association of cerebral microvascular perfusion and diffusion dynamics measured by intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging with initial neurological function and clinical outcome in acute stroke patients. Significant negative correlations were revealed between IVIM derived diffusion dynamics parameters and initial neurological function as well as clinical outcome for patients with acute ischemic stroke. However, no similar statistical correlation was found for parameters related to microvascular perfusion. IVIM may be therefore suggested as an effective non-invasive method for evaluating the initial neurological function and clinical outcome in acute ischemic stroke.
High-resolution compressed sensing TOF-MRA might show better performance than CTA for evaluating revascularization in Moyamoya patients
Authors: Ren Shujing , Wu Wei , Su Chunqiu , Zhu Qianmiao , Schmidt Michaela , Sun Yi , Forman Christoph , Speier Peter , Hong Xunning , Lu Shanshan
Published: August 2023

It is important for MMD patients to receive repeated life-time follow-up examinations for evaluation of bypass patency and collateral formation from neovascularization after bypass surgery. In this study we evaluated the clinical value of high-resolution (0.4 × 0.4 × 0.4 mm3 isotropic) CS TOF-MRA for assessment of STA-MCA bypass and neovascularization by using CTA as the reference. We found that high-resolution CS TOF-MRA could provide better visualization for both STA-MCA bypass and neovascularization than traditional CTA within a clinically reasonable time in MMD patients after surgical revascularization.
Accelerated 3D PDWI in knee imaging: Quality and efficiency of a deep learning-based Compressed SENSE reconstruction
Authors: Mu Lin , Qiu Ying , Pei Yun , Zhu Yi , Jiang Ke
Published: August 2023

The use of three dimensional (3D) volumetric acquisition in clinical settings has been limited due to long scan time. A deep learning-based reconstruction algorithm allows shortening of scan time and provide comparable overall image quality when compared with standard sequences. Adaptive-CS-Net, a deep neural network previously introduced at the 2019 fast MRI challenge, was expanded and presented here as a Compressed-SENSE Artificial Intelligence (CS-AI) reconstruction. The purpose of the study is to determine the feasibility of 3D PDWI accelerated with CS-AI for evaluating the knee image quality and compared with SENSE and standard Compressed-SENSE.
AI-assisted compressed sensing (ACS) in accelerating knee MR imaging: A pilot study in adults
Authors: Xu Xu , Xia Chunchao , Zeng Wen , Peng Wanlin , Dai Yongming , Xue Ke , Li Zhenlin , Li Zhenlin , Li Zhenlin
Published: August 2023

In knee MRI, patients with pain or limited motion can have difficult to endure a long-time imaging position. At the same time, the relatively high spatial resolution and good image quality were required in such musculoskeletal MRI. Therefore, shortening scan time and improving the image quality is the aim of current knee MRI.Our study compared conventional parallel imaging (PI) and artificial intelligence assisted compressed sensing (ACS) in terms of imaging quality and diagnostic performance in knee MRI, and achieved a 5-minute comprehensive examination of the knee, without compromising either image quality or visualization of anatomical and pathological structures.
Study on the relationship between accurate quantitative fat fraction of quadriceps femoris and patellofemoral arthritis by IDEAL-IQ
Authors: Yang Binbin , Wei Xiao , Ma Xiao
Published: August 2023

we aim to to explore the relationship between fat infiltration in quadriceps femoris with patellofemoral arthritis，It was concluded that IDEAL-IQ canbe a tool for quantification and prediction of patellar cartilage defect progression
Intravoxel incoherent motion magnetic resonance imaging for the early detection of renal cold ischemia–reperfusion injury in a rat model
Authors: Ren Yan , Shen Wen
Published: August 2023

The study evaluated the use of Intravoxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM) imaging to detect dynamic changes in renal microvascular characteristics during cold ischemia-reperfusion injuries (CIRIs). As previous studies have investigated warm ischemia-reperfusion injuries, we aimed to assess MR diffusion imaging in a renal CIRI Sprague Dawley rat model. Results showed that IVIM imaging is a sensitive tool to monitor changes in renal functional characteristics.
Tales of Two Environments: Enriched Mice show Stronger Sensory Evoked BOLD fMRI Responses, while Socially Isolated Ones Respond Less
Authors: Lee Taekwan , You Taeyi , Im Geun Ho , Kim Seong-Gi , Chung Sungkwon , Lee Jung Hee
Published: August 2023

It is well known environmental factors can affect brain plasticity in humans, yet finding strong correlative factors is difficult due to the long development and complexity of human research. Mouse enrichment studies allows for better controlled research and by combining it with fMRI, makes mapping brain-wide plasticity changes possible. Here, we treated mice into three groups of enrichment, standard caging, and isolated caging to see how their brain responds to multiple-sensory stimulations. We found the enrichment group responded stronger in multimodal midbrain and thalamic areas. The isolated group responded less suggesting mouse fMRI is viable in detecting plasticity changes.
Quantitative T1 and R2* mapping in the evaluation of renal function for diabetic nephropathy patients
Authors: Lu Huijian , Gu Hongmei , Shang Fangfang , Yuan Li , Wang Xinquan , Dou Weiqiang , Liu Weiyin
Published: August 2023

Renal T1 and R2* mapping were performed on 55 diabetic nephropathy (DN) patients , 20 healthy volunteers（HVs）and 10 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients to explore the clinical potential in assessing renal function. While comparable T1 and R2* values of renal cortex were found between HVs and DM patients, DN patients showed significantly increased T1 and R2* values of renal cortex relative to HVs and DM patients. Both T1 and R2*metrics were also significantly correlated with renal function. Therefore, quantitative T1 and R2* mapping might be considered effective measures in evaluating renal function for DN patients.
Deep Learning Reconstruction for Abdomen Diagnosis: Improvement of Image Quality and Diagnostic Performance
Authors: Chen Po-Ting , Yeh Cheng-Ya , Chen Yi-Chen , Li Chia-Wei , Shieh Charng-Chyi , Lin Chien-Yuan , Liu Kao-Lang
Published: August 2023

There has been no study that demonstrated the quality improvement in abdomen images by DLrecon. We evaluate the image quality comparison, included SNR, CNR, and clinical scoring, between DL and non-DL abdomen images. DLrecon are found to be less artefacts, higher SNR, CNR, and clinical scores than those on non-DL images. This study proves the improvement of image quality by DLrecon, and DLrecon shows its potential power in clinical diagnosis of abdomen images to overcome classical MRI trade-off resolution, SNR, and scan time.
The protective effect of silymarin on TAA-induced liver injury model as assessed by MRI for a long-term follow-up study
Authors: Chae Yeon ji , Heo Hwon , Woo Chul-Woong , Kim Sang-Tae , Kwon Jae-Im , Choi Monica Young , Choi Yoonseok , Woo Dong-Cheol
Published: August 2023

Our study aims to monitor the protective effects of silymarin with multi-parametric MRI follow-ups and pathological markers in a TAA-induced liver injury rat model. Moreover, correlations between the MR values and serological markers were analyzed to interpret MR values as indicators of liver functions.
Motion Aware Deep Learning Accelerated MRI Reconstruction
Authors: Pawar Kamlesh , Egan Gary , Chen Zhaolin
Published: August 2023

Deep learning (DL) models for accelerated image reconstruction involves retrospective undersampling of the fully sampled k-space data for training and validation. This strategy is not a true reflection of real-world data and in many instances, the input k-space data is corrupted with artifacts and errors, such as motion artifacts. In this work, we propose to improve existing methods of DL training and validation by incorporating a motion layer during the training process. The incorporation of a motion layer makes the DL model aware of the underlying motion and results in improved image reconstruction in the presence of motion.
Bone metastasis assessment using accelerated whole-body isotropic 3D T1-weighted Dixon acquisition with Compressed SENSE: a feasibility study
Authors: Liao Zhenhong , Zhang Xiaoyong
Published: August 2023

Three-dimensional T1-weighted (T1W) Dixon as morphologic sequence has very high clinical value for the metastatic screening [1]. However, conventional multiplanar (CMP) T1W Dixon is limited by the long acquisition to achieve high resolution whole-body imaging. Therefore, this study aimed to achieve rapid whole-body high-resolution isotropic 3D T1W Dixon examination by Compressed SENSE (CSI T1W Dixon) and to investigate its feasibility in assessing bone metastases by comparing image quality and diagnosis performance with conventional multiplanar (CMP) (coronal, sagittal, axial planes) T1W Dixon scan. The results of this study suggested that high-resolution CSI T1W Dixon has potential to replace CMP T1W Dixon sequence for the assessment of bone metastasis in clinics with higher image quality and diagnostic capacity.
Inter-subject variability in global diffusivity metrics degrades cross-sectional statistics
Authors: BARNDEN Leighton , Thapaliya Kiran , Staines Donald , SU Jiasheng , Marshall-Gradisnik Sonya
Published: August 2023

Diffusion metrics from brain Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) characterise axonal structure and include fractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity (AD) and radial diffusivity (RD). Cross-sectional studies of DTI metric maps apply voxel-based statistical analysis of the metric values generated by standard MRTrix and FSL algorithms and assumes that the global values for these metrics are consistent across the populations analysed. This study found that inter-subject global levels vary appreciably for the full range of diffusion metrics. Removal of the variance associated with the global levels markedly improved the statistical inference for differences in a study of ME/CFS patients and healthy controls.
Preliminary Assessment of Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Diffusion-Weighted MRI (IVIM-DWI) Metrics in Normal Brain Tissue
Authors: Yu Fan , Li Qiuxuan , Zhao Cheng , Zhang Mo , Lin Liangjie , Wang Jiazheng , Lu Jie
Published: August 2023

The microstructure and micro-perfusion changes in normal brain aging is barely understand. The objective of this study is to describe these microscopic changes in normal brain tissue by intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted MRI (IVIM-DWI). Preliminary results show decreased D, D* and increased f in elder subjects compare with the youngers.
Effects of Contrast Agents on Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and T2-Weighted Imaging for diagnosis of Breast tumor
Authors: Wang Changxiang , Ao Yongsheng , Qiu Lihua , Mu Lan , Huang Junhui , Zhang Shuheng , Yang Shimin , Liu Xin , Zheng Hairong , Zhang Na
Published: August 2023

Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI) and T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) are two necessary sequences in breast MRI which of great significance for breast cancer. They are usually performed before contrast agent injection in the conventional breast MRI protocol. Recently, some studies have proposed simplified and fast breast scanning protocol, of which, DWI and T2WI are performed after contrast agent injection. This study evaluated the clinical value of DWI and T2WI after contrast agent in the diagnosis of breast cancer. The results showed that contrast injection has no effect on DWI, but it can improve the signal-to-noise ratio and contrast-to-noise ratio of T2WI.
MPPCA denoising before GRAPPA reconstruction improves the precision of microscopic anisotropy in the gray matter
Authors: Kamiya Kouhei , Fukunaga Issei , Murata Syo , Maekawa Tomoko , Kato Shimpei , Murata Katsutoshi , Feiweier Thorsten , Kamagata Koji , Hori Masaaki , Aoki Shigeki
Published: August 2023

The ability of double diffusion encoding to estimate tissue microscopic anisotropy has gained increasing attention in clinical studies. However, the estimation of smaller values of microscopic anisotropy is known to be less precise, posing a challenge for clinical translation because many tissues of interest including the gray matter exhibit smaller values. In this study, we adopted the recently proposed denoising strategy where Marcenko‐Pastur principal component analysis (MPPCA) is applied to coil data before GRAPPA reconstruction. The results suggested this strategy is effective for improving the scan-rescan repeatability of microscopic anisotropy in the gray matter.