bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heritage ++, a Spatial Computing approach to Heritage Conservation
Authors: Patankar Yamini , Tennenini Camilla , Bischof Rafael , Khatri Ishita , Maia Avelino Ricardo , Yang Wenqian , Mahamaliyev Nijat , Scotto Fabio , Mitterberger Daniela , Bickel Bernd , Girardet Fred , Amsler Christophe , Bomou Brahimsamba , J. Flatt Robert
Published: January 2025

Historic structures are affected by numerous degradation processes driven by a complex system of interconnected and mutually influencing factors. Preserving these monuments is a multidisciplinary endeavour that extends beyond one-time interventions, necessitating a comprehensive methodology that involves various stakeholders, expert consultations, monitoring tools, and impact assessments. Limitations arise due to communication barriers and difficulty in translating and transferring experience among disciplines, often compromising the collective ability to define the best possible conservation strategies.
Recent advancements in 3D modelling and data management technologies offer collaborative platforms for information sharing. However, the complex interfaces of these tools often limit their accessibility, making them exclusive to specialists. Integrating Spatial Computing could address these challenges by fostering intuitive engagement and enhancing accessibility and depth in interdisciplinary interactions. This letter outlines initial efforts in using spatial computing to tackle the challenges of built heritage conservation and presents a vision for its future development.
Nomophobia, Psychopathology, and Smartphone-Inferred Behaviors in Youth With Depression: Longitudinal Study
Authors: Zhang Tianyi , Camargo Andres , Schmaal Lianne , Kostakos Vassilis , D'Alfonso Simon
Published: January 2025

Background

Smartphones have become an indispensable part of people’s lives, and the fear of being without them, what has been termed “no mobile phone phobia” (nomophobia), is a growing phenomenon. The rise of problematic smartphone use highlights the urgent need to explore the intricate relationship between smartphones and human behavior. However, the connections between nomophobia, mental health indicators, smartphone use patterns, and daily activities remain largely underexplored.

Objective

This study aimed to explore the relationship between young adults with depression and smartphones and investigate nomophobia by analyzing data obtained from a pilot study of depression in a youth cohort. Exploring nomophobia can enhance our understanding of the dynamics between young adults and smartphone use, potentially empowering them to manage and regulate their smartphone use more effectively.

Methods

During an 8-week period, data collected via smartphone sensors, such as locations and screen status, were gathered from a cohort of 41 individuals diagnosed with major depressive disorder. In addition to passive-sensing smartphone data, the study collected ecological momentary assessments and psychometric measures, including the Nomophobia Questionnaire, which formed the basis of our investigation. We explored statistical associations among smartphone-derived behavioral features, psychometric indicators, and nomophobia. In addition, we used behavioral and psychometric data to develop regression models demonstrating the prediction of nomophobia levels.

Results

Our findings revealed that the level of nomophobia was positively associated with depression and negative affect, lower geolocation movements, and higher comfort with smartphone sensing. The exploratory predictive linear regression models demonstrated the feasibility of predicting an individual’s Nomophobia Questionnaire score based on their smartphone sensing data. These models effectively used input features derived from both a combination of smartphone sensing data and psychometric measures and from smartphone sensing data alone.

Conclusions

Our work is the first to explore the relationship between nomophobia and smartphone sensor data. It provides valuable insights into the predictors of nomophobia level, contributing to the understanding of the relationship between smartphones and human behavior and paving the way for future studies.
International Expert Consensus on Relevant Health and Functioning Concepts to Assess in Users of Tobacco and Nicotine Products: Delphi Study
Authors: Law Vivienne , Afolalu Esther F , Abetz-Webb Linda , Wemyss Lee Andrew , Turner Andrew , Chrea Christelle
Published: January 2025

Background

A Delphi study was conducted to reach a consensus among international clinical and health care experts on the most important health and functioning self-reported concepts when evaluating a switch from smoking cigarettes to using smoke-free tobacco and/or nicotine products (sf-TNPs).

Objective

The aim of this research was to identify concepts considered important to measure when assessing the health and functioning status of users of tobacco and/or nicotine products.

Methods

Experts (n=105), including health care professionals, researchers, and policy makers, from 26 countries with professional experience and knowledge of sf-TNPs completed a 3-round, adapted Delphi panel. Online surveys combining quantitative (MaxDiff best-worst scaling and latent class analysis) and qualitative assessments were used to rank and achieve alignment on the importance of 69 health and functioning concepts. All experts participating in round I completed round II, and 101 (95%) completed round III.

Results

The round I analysis identified 36 (52%) out of 69 concepts that were refined for the round II assessment. The highest-ranked concepts reflected health-related impacts, while the lowest-ranked ranked concepts were related to aesthetics and social impacts. Round II ranking reinforced the importance of concepts relating to health impacts, and the analysis resulted in 20 concepts retained for round III assessment. In round III, the 4 highest-ranked concepts were cardiovascular symptoms, shortness of breath, chest pain, and worry about smoking-related diseases and impact on general health, and they made up 50% of the total score in the MaxDiff analysis. Experts reported likelihood of seeing measurable levels of change in the final 20 concepts with a switch to an sf-TNP. The majority of experts felt it was “likely” or “extremely likely” to observe changes in concepts such as gum problems (74/101, 73%), phlegm or mucus while coughing or not coughing (72/101, 71%), general perception of well-being (72/101, 71%), and throat irritation or sore throat (72/101, 71%). Latent class analysis revealed subgroups of experts with different perceptions of the relative importance of the concepts, which varied depending on professional specialty and geographic region. For example, 74% (14/19) of oncologists aligned with the subgroup prioritizing physical health symptoms, while 71% (12/17) of experts from Asia aligned with the subgroup considering both physical health and psychosocial aspects.

Conclusions

This study identified key concepts to be considered in the development of a new measurement instrument to assess the self-reported health and functioning status of individuals using sf-TNPs. The findings contribute to the scientific evidence base for understanding and evaluating both the individual and public health impacts of sf-TNPs.
Building Strong Foundations: Nonrandomized Interventional Study of a Novel, Digitally Delivered Fall Prevention Program for Older Adults
Authors: Wing David , Nichols Jeanne F , Barkai Hava Shoshana , Culbert Olivia , Moreno Daniel , Higgins Michael , O'Brien Anna , Perez Mariana , Davey Hope , Moran Ryan
Published: January 2025

Background

Injuries from falls are a major concern among older adults. Targeted exercise has been shown to improve fall risk, and recommendations for identifying and referring older adults for exercise-based interventions exist. However, even when very inexpensive or free, many do not use available fall prevention programs, citing barriers related to convenience and safety. These issues are even greater among older adults residing in rural areas where facilities are less abundant. These realities highlight the need for different approaches to reducing falls in novel ways that increase reach and are safe and effective. Web-based delivery of exercise interventions offers some exciting and enticing prospects.

Objective

Our objective was to assess the efficacy of the Strong Foundations exercise program to change markers of physical function, posture, balance, strength, and fall risk.

Methods

Strong Foundations is a once weekly (60 minutes), 12-week iterative program with 3 core components: postural alignment and control, balance and mobility, and muscular strength and power. We used a quasi-experimental design to determine changes in physical function specific to balance, postural control, and muscular strength among older adults at low or moderate risk of falling.

Results

A total of 55 low-risk and 37 moderate-risk participants were recruited. Participants significantly improved on the 30-second Chair Stand (mean change of 1, SD 3.3 repetitions; P=.006) and Timed Up and Go (mean change of 0.2, SD 0.7 seconds; P=.004), with the moderate-risk group generally improving to a greater degree than the low-risk group. Additionally, Short Physical Performance Battery performance improved significantly in the moderate-risk category (P=.02). The majority of postural measures showed statistically significant improvement for both groups (P<.05). Measures of “relaxed” posture showed improvements between 6% and 27%. When an “as tall as possible” posture was adopted, improvements were ~36%.

Conclusions

In this 12-week, iterative, web-based program, we found older adults experienced improvement not only in measures used in clinical contexts, such as the 30-second Chair Stand and Timed Up and Go, but also contextualized gains by providing deeper phenotypical measurement related to posture, strength, and balance. Further, many of the physical improvements were attenuated by baseline fall risk level, with those with the highest level of risk having the greater gains, and, thus, the most benefit from such interventions.
The Transformative Potential of Large Language Models in Mining Electronic Health Records Data: Content Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Wals Zurita Amadeo Jesus , Miras del Rio Hector , Ugarte Ruiz de Aguirre Nerea , Nebrera Navarro Cristina , Rubio Jimenez Maria , Muñoz Carmona David , Miguez Sanchez Carlos
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

In this study, we evaluate the accuracy, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness of large language models in extracting and structuring information from free-text clinical reports, particularly in identifying and classifying patient comorbidities within oncology electronic health records. We specifically compare the performance of gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 and gpt-4-1106-preview models against that of specialized human evaluators.

OBJECTIVE

We specifically compare the performance of gpt-3.5-turbo-1106 and gpt-4-1106-preview models against that of specialized human evaluators.

METHODS

We implemented a script using the OpenAI application programming interface to extract structured information in JavaScript object notation format from comorbidities reported in 250 personal history reports. These reports were manually reviewed in batches of 50 by 5 specialists in radiation oncology. We compared the results using metrics such as sensitivity, specificity, precision, accuracy, F-value, κ index, and the McNemar test, in addition to examining the common causes of errors in both humans and generative pretrained transformer (GPT) models.

RESULTS

The GPT-3.5 model exhibited slightly lower performance compared to physicians across all metrics, though the differences were not statistically significant (McNemar test, P=.79). GPT-4 demonstrated clear superiority in several key metrics (McNemar test, P<.001). Notably, it achieved a sensitivity of 96.8%, compared to 88.2% for GPT-3.5 and 88.8% for physicians. However, physicians marginally outperformed GPT-4 in precision (97.7% vs 96.8%). GPT-4 showed greater consistency, replicating the exact same results in 76% of the reports across 10 repeated analyses, compared to 59% for GPT-3.5, indicating more stable and reliable performance. Physicians were more likely to miss explicit comorbidities, while the GPT models more frequently inferred nonexplicit comorbidities, sometimes correctly, though this also resulted in more false positives.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrates that, with well-designed prompts, the large language models examined can match or even surpass medical specialists in extracting information from complex clinical reports. Their superior efficiency in time and costs, along with easy integration with databases, makes them a valuable tool for large-scale data mining and real-world evidence generation.

CLINICALTRIAL
Public Discourse and Sentiment Toward Older Drivers on Social Media in Japan (Preprint)
Authors: Nakanishi Akito , Ichikawa Masao , Sano Yukie
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

As the global population ages, concerns about older drivers are intensifying. Although older drivers are not inherently more dangerous than other age groups, traditional surveys in Japan reveal persistent negative sentiments toward them. This discrepancy suggests the importance of analyzing discourse on social media, where public perceptions and societal attitudes toward older drivers are actively shaped.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to quantify long-term public discourse on older drivers in Japan through Twitter, a leading social media platform. The specific objectives are to: (1) examine the sentiments toward older drivers in tweets, (2) identify the textual contents and topics discussed in the tweets, and (3) analyze how sentiments are associated with these textual contents.

METHODS

We collected Japanese tweet related to older drivers from 2010 to 2022. Each quarter, we (1) applied to the J-LIWC and J-MFD dictionaries for sentiment analysis, (2) employed two-layer Non-negative Matrix Factorization for dynamic topic modeling, and (3) applied logistic regression analyses to explore the relationships between sentiments and topics.

RESULTS

We obtained 2,625,807 tweets from 1,052,976 unique users discussing older drivers. The number of tweets has steadily increased, with a significant peak in 2016, 2019, and 2021, coinciding with high-profile traffic crashes. Sentiment analysis revealed a predominance of negative emotion (62.4%), anger (17.4%), anxiety (18.6%), and risk (58.2%). Topic modeling identified 29 dynamic topics, including those related to driving licenses, traffic crashes, personal perspectives, and traffic issues. The Crash events topic, which increased by 0.08% per quarter, showed a strong correlation with negative emotion (B = 23.39, P < .001) and risk (B = 24.1, P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS

This 13-year study quantified public discourse on older drivers using Twitter data, revealing a paradoxical increase in negative sentiment and perceived risk, despite a decline in the actual crash rate among older drivers. These findings underscore the importance of more accurate communication about the crashed caused by older drivers to mitigate undue prejudice and avoid unnecessary disadvantages for them.
Effect Of Prosthetic Rehabilitation On Temporomandibular Disorders: A Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Sreekumar Saranya , Mathew Anil , Gutjahr Georg , Reshma Gayathri G , Janakiram Chandrashekar
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Loss of teeth and occlusal imbalance are major dental risk factors for Temporomandibular Disorders. When the teeth are lost, the opposing teeth supra-erupt, and the adjacent teeth shift, leading to biomechanical imbalance in the stomatognathic system. Such an imbalance will stress the TMJ and masticatory muscles, which usually progress to TMD. Prosthetic rehabilitation is essential in the management of TMD in edentulous patients, but no standardized guidelines exist for treatment, and a systematic approach must be taken to address the complex etiology and patient variability. This study was designed to assess the effects of prosthetic rehabilitation on TMD symptoms.

OBJECTIVE

The objectives of the study are 1) to determine the effectiveness of prosthetic rehabilitation in reduction of pain in edentulous patients with temporomandibular disorder and 2) to determine the effect of span of edentulism, number of quadrants involved, pathological migration, the type of Kennedy’s classification, and the prosthetic status on temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction signs and symptoms.

METHODS

Patients with TMD were categorized into three intervention groups based on their edentulous status: Group A (Kennedy's Class I and II), Group B (Kennedy's Class III and IV), and Group C (completely edentulous arches). All groups received symptomatic treatment and counseling. Primary outcomes included pain assessment using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and electromyographic (EMG) readings. Secondary outcomes measured pain drawing, the Graded Chronic Pain Scale (GCPS), Jaw Functional Limitation Scale (JFLS), Oral Behaviors Checklist (OBC), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), PHQ-15, and General Anxiety Disorder–7 (GAD-7). Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics (version 28.0). Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

RESULTS

Significant improvements were observed across groups over 90 days. Pain intensity reduced by 56% in Group A (VAS: 7.08 to 3.30, p < 0.001) and 52% in Group B (VAS: 7.47 to 6.57, p < 0.001). Jaw functionality scores decreased significantly in Group A (1.70 to 1.38, p < 0.001) and Group B (1.68 to 1.56, p < 0.01). Depressive symptoms and anxiety scores also showed notable reductions. EMG activity of the masseter muscle dropped by 33.5% in Group A and 28.2% in Group B (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Prosthetic rehabilitation significantly improved pain intensity, jaw functionality, and muscle activity in TMD patients. The findings underscore the effectiveness of prosthetic protocols in managing TMD across different patient groups.

CLINICALTRIAL

http://ctri.nic.in. (Registration no: CTRI/2020/06/026169],http://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/pdf_generate.php?trialid=42381&EncHid=21929.52001&modid=1&compid=19%27,%2742381det%27

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/33104
Efficacy of various regimens of bioactive marine fish concentrate, glucosamine sulfate, and chondroitin sulfate in treating knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Rekalov D.G. , Daniuk I.O. , Kulinich R.L. , Tarasenko T.M. , Samofal E.Yu. , Akimov O.Ye. , Kostenko V.O.
Published: January 2025

Background. Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common joint diseases worldwide. The search for effective treatment regimens to reduce symptoms and improve joint function is essential. The purpose was to compare the effectiveness of different regimens of bioactive marine fish concentrate (BMFC) in the treatment of knee OA with oral glucosamine sulfate (GS) and chondroitin sulfate (CS). Materials and methods. The study involved 60 patients with stage II knee OA. The patients were divided into three groups: the first group received 1 ml of BMFC daily (20 injections), the second group received 2 ml every other day (10 injections), and the third group received GS and CS in tablet form. Clinical efficacy was assessed using the WOMAC scale on days 3, 7, 14, and 21. Results. In the group that received BMFC daily, pain decreased by 41.4 % on day 7 and by 58.7 % on day 21. Joint stiffness decreased by 51.9 %, and range of motion increased by 51.3 %. In the group receiving 2 ml of BMFC every other day, pain reduction was 37.1 % on day 7 and 55.7 % on day 21. Joint stiffness decreased by 49.2 %, and range of motion improved by 46.0 % by the end of treatment. Both BMFC groups demonstrated similar efficacy. Patients receiving GS and CS showed less pronounced improvements. Conclusions. Injectable BMFC demonstrated higher efficacy in treating OA compared to oral GS and CS. Both ­BMFC administration regimens (daily administration of 1 ml and administration of 2 ml every other day) proved effective in reducing pain, alleviating joint stiffness, and improving functional capacity. The 2 ml every-other-day regimen achieved comparable efficacy with fewer injections, enhancing convenience and improving adherence to therapy.
Assessment of the impact of surgical treatment of primary malignant bone tumors on the quality of life of patients in peacetime and in the realities of wartime in Ukraine
Authors: Drobotun O. , Ternovyy N. , Konovalenko S. , Khmel A.
Published: January 2025

Background. The experience of researchers and clinicians in many clinics around the world shows that primary malignant bone tumors are one of the least studied groups of neoplasms, the diagnosis and treatment of which is a difficult task. The purpose was to assess the impact of surgical treatment of primary malignant bone tumors on the quality of life of patients in peacetime and in the realities of wartime in Ukraine. Materials and methods. Surgical treatment of 76 subjects with primary malignant tumors of the lower extremities (osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma) was carried out: 32 patients were treated from 2019 to 2021, and 44 patients from 2022 to 2024. Patient’s quality of life index before and 3 weeks after surgical treatment was measured by the simplified version of the QLQ-C30 questionnaire, neurological component was evalua­ted according to our integrated version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) for hospitalized cancer patients and the Montreal MoCA scale. Results. In the study group, the value of the quality of life index after treatment was 27.0 % higher than the value before treatment. In contrast, in the reference group, which shows data before the start of martial law, the value of the quality of life index increased after treatment by 114.5 %. In the reference group after treatment, the percentage of subjects with occasional anxiety decreased from 69 to 53 %, and with constant anxiety — by 3 times, that is, from 19 to 6 %; in the study group, the indices significantly did not change. The overall number of persons with anxiety remained unchanged at 84 %, while in the reference group, this index decreased from 88 to 59 %. Conclusions. Significantly higher results in improving the quality of life were demonstrated by the reference group — the value of the quality of life index of patients increased by 114.5 % after treatment. Among the neurological symptoms in the study group, anxiety prevails, the frequency of which did not decrease even after the treatment and remained unchanged at the level of 84 %, which also confirms the influence of chronic stress during the war.
Results of experimental modeling of stresses on fixators in metal osteosynthesis of transtrochanteric fractures
Authors: Kalashnikov A.V. , Sabarna Y.K.M.
Published: January 2025

Background. In the world’s developed countries, mi­nimally invasive technologies for using the proximal femoral rod are widely implemented in treating fractures of the proximal femur. However, we did not find literature data on the stresses on the blocked intramedullary rod depending on the type of fracture due to АО (Association of Osteosynthesis) and variants of its distal bloc­king. The study aimed to carry out biomechanical mode­ling of stresses on various metal fixators in osteosynthesis for transtrochanteric fractures of type A1. Materials and methods. We used a model of the femur, in which fixing elements were implanted. Two types of fixators were used to fix the fragments — the DHS (dyna­mic hip screw) plate (option 1) and the proximal femoral nail (PFN, option 2) rod, which provide optimal biomechanical and biological conditions for fracture union. Calculations of stress-strain state by the finite element method were performed for the intact model with both types of fixators and then with fixators for transtrochanteric fractures type A1 and options for distal locking (without loc­king, 1 screw, 2 screws). It was determined that the minimum stress on the metal fasteners in their proximal parts was determined when using the DHS plate and the PFN rod in the version without the use of screws for distal locking. Results. Our results were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) different from the data when using a PFN rod with distal locking with 1 or 2 screws. There was no stress on the distal part of the metal retainers when the PFN rod was applied in the variant without the use of screws for distal locking. In contrast, the stress when the DHS plate was applied increased to maximum values of 57.18 MPa. It was determined that maximum but adequate micromobility was observed when using the PFN rod model in the version without the use of screws for distal locking. These micromovements will contribute to the improvement of reparative osteogenesis of patients with type A1 transtrochanteric fractures. Fixation that is too strong when using a DHS plate (1.95 mm) can lead to impaired reparative osteogenesis. Conclusions. The research will make it possible to determine a differentiated approach to treating patients with transtrochanteric fractures of the femur. It will improve the effectiveness of providing medical care to this severe category of patients.
The Effect of Celebrity Endorsement on Gender-Based Conspicuous Consumption
Authors: TOR KADIOGLU CANSU , BOZYIGIT SEZEN
Published: January 2025

This study explores the irrational aspects of consumer behavior, focusing on conspicuous consumption driven by the pursuit of status and self-expression. It examines how consumers emulate celebrities based on key dimensions of celebrity endorsement—attractiveness, expertise, and credibility—and how these factors vary between genders. The research presents a conceptual framework that integrates conspicuous consumption with celebrity endorsement dimensions, supported by an extensive literature review. Data were collected from 403 participants belonging to the Y and Z generations through online surveys and analyzed using SPSS and AMOS software. The results reveal gender-specific differences in the influence of celebrity endorsement dimensions on conspicuous consumption. For female consumers, celebrity attractiveness and credibility significantly enhance conspicuous consumption, whereas expertise has a mitigating effect. In contrast, male consumers are primarily influenced by celebrity attractiveness. The study concludes that the allure of celebrities, as reflected in their attractiveness and credibility, promotes conspicuous consumption, while their expertise can diminish it. These findings provide valuable insights for businesses leveraging celebrity endorsements, particularly in gender-targeted marketing strategies, highlighting the importance of tailoring approaches based on consumer gender to maximize impact.
Concervation Status of Catched Fish on the Coast Pangandaran, Pangandaran District, West Java
Authors: Kamiswara Rendika , Herawati Titin , Nurhayati Atikah , Yustiati Ayi
Published: January 2025

Pangandaran has high potential in the tourism and fisheries sectors. Marine resources that are open access and can be used by anyone cause the sustainability of resources to be threatened due to over-exploitation. Traditional fishermen are one of the livelihoods owned by the majority of coastal communities, especially in the Pangandaran Coastal area. However, fishing activities have not been carried out wisely, and become a threat to the sustainability of sustainable marine biota. Small fishermen get by-catch in the form of protected marine life and are included in the IUCN Red List and the CITES Appendix list. This research was conducted to find out the species of marine biota with important conservation status or included in the status of the IUCN red list and the CITES Appendix list caught and traded in the coastal areas of Pangandaran Regency. The research was conducted using field observation method with purposive sampling technique in 2 locations; the east coast and the west coast of Pangandaran. There are 47 fish species found in all research sites with conservation status Not Evaluated (12.8%), Least Concern (83.0%), Near Threatened (2.1%), Vulnerable (2.1%), and included in CITES Appendix II (2.1%).
Pengaruh Densitas Topografi Terhadap Ketelitian Model Geoid: Studi kasus Pulau Sulawesi
Authors: Heliani Leni Sophia , Noviantara Hendra
Published: January 2025

Penentuan model geoid teliti penting untuk mendapatkan tinggi ortometrik dari tinggi Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS).   Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi ketelitian model geoid adalah densitas topografi. Umumnya, penentuan model geoid pada formula Stokes menggunakan densitas massa standar sebesar 2670 kg/m3. Namun, densitas topografi sesungguhnya  bervariasi. Saat ini, tersedia model densitas global, salah satunya yang dibuat University of New Brunswick (UNB) dengan resolusi 30”. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan densitas topografi dari densitas standar dan model global UNB terhadap ketelitian model geoid yang dihasilkan. Pemodelan geoid  menggunakan metode Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (KTH), dengan studi kasus Pulau Sulawesi, salah satu pulau yang memiliki variasi topografi yang sangat tinggi. Hasil validasi menggunakan data co-site GNSS-levelling menunjukan perubahan ketelitian yang tidak signifikan pada level milimeter, untuk geoid menggunakan densitas standar (NStandar) dan model global UNB (NUNB). Nilai standar deviasi dan RMS dari model NStandar sebesar 12,65 cm. Sedangkan nilai standar deviasi dan RMS dari model NUNB sebesar 12,58 cm dan 12,59 cm. Hal ini dikarenakan titik-titik validasi terletak pada lokasi dengan topografi yang tidak terlalu bervariasi. Selanjutnya, dilakukan pendetailan hitung perbedaan nilai geoid NStandar dan NUNB, diperoleh selisih antara -20 s.d. 30 cm di wilayah pegunungan. Perbedaan dalam level desimeter ini menunjukan efek yang signifikan dari densitas topografi terhadap ketelitian geoid, sehingga tidak bisa diabaikan, terutama untuk wilayah dengan variasi topografi yang tinggi.
Sentinel-2 Satellite Image Processing using Machine Learning Algorithms of the Manombo Nature Reserve
Authors: Tsaramanana Valerien Eugene
Published: January 2025

This paper is based on the fields of satellite image processing and analysis using Sentinel-2 satellite images with machine learning algorithms under Google Earth Engine for the study of land cover evolution in the Manombo Madagascar, nature reserve. The objectives of the study are to identify the elements that occupy the land in the reserve. During our experiments, we compared the best machine learning algorithm using CART, Random Forest, Naive Bayes, SVM to determine the best machine learning algorithm for our Sentinel-2 data. So, we have proposed a methodology to do the treatment and in the end we have treatment results. From our treatments, we can conclude that the use of Random Forest classifier gave the most accuracy on the correct classification.
A design of intelligent range hood based on Arduino
Authors: Yu Liu Yi , Chang Yan Zuo , Shang Lin Po , Ling Ze Feng , Chen Yi , Li Yan Hai , Cai Jian Bin , Ou Young Shan
Published: January 2025

This paper designs and implements an intelligent hood control system based on Arduino, which is composed of multiple modules, including gas detection and human body sensing, with a single-chip microcomputer as the core. The system monitors the oil smoke, natural gas concentration, and temperature and humidity changes in the kitchen in real-time using high-precision sensors. The analog signals are digitized by the A/D conversion module and sent to the single-chip microcomputer for processing. The single-chip microcomputer controls the fan speed precisely by pulse width modulation according to the smoke, gas concentration, and temperature data, achieving intelligent adjustment and efficient exhaust. The system has the characteristics of fast response, precise regulation, and energy saving and environmental protection, effectively improving the air quality in the kitchen and user experience.
Reflection of Ecocriticism in Indian Poetry
Authors: Tripathi Dr. Kiran Mani
Published: January 2025

Literature has long expressed concern about ecology and the harm that ongoing environmental misuse poses. Even when addressing the beauty and majesty of nature, literature has always depicted the awareness of the writers about the threat that ongoing environmental abuse poses to humanity and the issue of ecology. This concern and how it is reflected in literature are what have given rise to Ecocriticism, a new subfield of literary study. Nature has been the focus of many artistic mediums and has been treated in poetry in particular. Indian poets who have celebrated diversity include Toru Dutt, Keki N. Daruwalla, Sarojini Naidu, A.K. Ramanujan, Dip Chitre, and many others. On the one hand, it assumes the form of a strength that serves as a mother goddess, a godly spirit, or a friend of humanity. Nature is a major component of both thematic and creative components in poetic expressions, regardless of the form it takes. Many natural elements, including skies, lakes, rivers, valleys, plants, animals, and creatures, frequently take on metaphorical meaning that gives poetry works depth and richness. Modern Indian English poetry is characterized by an eco-conscious outlook and mindset that speaks to our globalized society and even forewarns us of impending disasters brought on by environmental degradation. The purpose of the study is to examine a few Indian English poets who began to focus on an ecocritical perspective on humankind.
The Changing Dynamics of Indian Education for Holistic and Multidisciplinary Development: A Literary Review of NEP 2020
Authors: Chaudhary Monika
Published: January 2025

This research paper examines the transformative impact of India's National Education Policy 2020 (NEP) on holistic and multidisciplinary education. Released in July 2020, NEP replaces the 1986 framework to address evolving educational requirements through comprehensive reforms from primary to higher education levels. The policy emphasizes technology integration, research promotion, and infrastructure enhancement while preserving indigenous knowledge systems. A key focus is modernizing libraries through digital resources, including e-books and e-journals, to facilitate research and improve accessibility. The policy recognizes libraries as crucial centers for learning and cultural preservation, particularly in promoting local and indigenous knowledge from the primary education level. By mandating infrastructure strengthening at both school and higher education levels, NEP 2020 ensures institutions receive adequate resources for implementation. The policy's vision extends beyond traditional academic frameworks to foster holistic student development through enhanced learning resources and community library engagement. This research analyzes how these multifaceted approaches contribute to creating a more flexible, effective, and culturally responsive education system in India. Thus, NEP 2020 envisions enhancing holistic and multidisciplinary development in students by boosting their learning and by inculcating their habits of reading through community libraries.
Adaptation of Management Students' Interpersonal Communication in the Learning Process during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rahman Abdul , Subiakto Vania Utamie , Umarela Farid Hamid
Published: January 2025

This research was used to find out how the process of adapting management students' interpersonal communication in the learning process during the Covid-19 pandemic. As social creatures, humans are required to always interact with other humans, especially in the process of interaction and communication in the learning process. The learning process is an obligation carried out by every student during their education. The theory used in this research is communication adaptation theory using research methods, data collection techniques through interviews, observation and documentation using a qualitative research method approach. Based on data collected by researchers obtained from interviews with informants and observations in the field, it was found that there was an adaptation of management students' interpersonal communication in the learning process during the Covid-19 pandemic. In the communication adaptation process, there are five communication adaptation strategies, namely student openness, student empathy, support between students, positive student feelings and student equality in the online learning process during the Covid-19 pandemic. Where the results of this research are changes in communication interactions which led to student adaptation, which was initially face-to-face and then changed to online learning. Adaptation of communication involving management students. Adaptation can be seen in communication between students and lecturers, which does not go well, which results in students being passive and indifferent. Assignments given in groups aim to explore communication between friends, but are not carried out very effectively between students due to mismatches in the time of each member, and students still feel reluctant about the lecturer, so they communicate with the lecturer through class representatives.
Desarrollo de una ecuación para el cálculo del factor de fricción en accesorios y piezas especiales
Authors: Meléndez Valencia Martin , García Maimó Javier , Mariano-Hernández Deyslen , Aybar-Mejía Miguel
Published: January 2025

En el presente trabajo se desarrolló una ecuación para calcular el factor de fricción para piezas especiales (codos, reducciones de tuberías, llaves de paso) y accesorios (válvulas, difusores de presión, calentadores) utilizando la ecuación de Darcy-Weisbach para obtener un valor estimado de las pérdidas de energía que se tienen cuando un fluido a cierta velocidad y con cierta viscosidad pasa a través de accesorios o piezas especiales. Para llegar a la ecuación se propuso partir de las premisas que toda pérdida de energía por fricción de un fluido es causada por la velocidad, pero se refleja en la presión. Además, se asumió que los accesorios y piezas especiales siempre trabajan en turbulencia total. Para esta investigación se utilizó ingeniería inversa a lo que normalmente se hace al calcular el factor de fricción para las piezas especiales y accesorios que consiste en utilizar el Diagrama de Moody (1944) para estos fines. El diagrama de Moody tiene como abscisa los valores del Número de Reynolds que definen el régimen de velocidad (turbulencia o laminar) de un fluido obteniendo de forma gráfica el valor de fricción. Para desarrollar la ecuación se buscó el valor del factor de fricción para cada valor en mil de Reynolds. Utilizando MATLAB se construyeron varias curvas y se analizó el porcentaje de error versus el diagrama de Moody. La ecuación que tuvo un error de aproximación de fracciones racionales (RAT2) por debajo de 0.99.
Estudio comparativo de un edificio de acero diseñado con un sistema dual y utilizando diferentes tipos de columnas
Authors: Acaro Iván , Astudillo Pablo , Mera Fernanda , Hernández Luis , Baquero Raúl , Gómez Christian
Published: January 2025

El objetivo de esta investigación es realizar un estudio técnico-económico y comparar diversas configuraciones de columnas en un edificio de acero con un sistema dual compuesto por pórticos especiales con arriostramiento concéntrico. Con este fin se diseñaron y modelaron computacionalmente estructuras con columnas con secciones rectangulares huecas HSS, columnas con secciones tubos rectangulares rellenos de hormigón y columnas con secciones tipo I. Se analizó el comportamiento estructural de estos modelos bajo las mismas cargas y se calculó el costo total de cada alternativa mediante un análisis de precios unitarios. La comparación de las diversas configuraciones se realizó manteniendo una configuración arquitectónica similar y asegurando que los elementos estructurales cumplieran con las especificaciones de la normativa ecuatoriana. La modelación computacional permitió verificar la distribución del cortante basal, la dualidad del modelo, el ajuste del cortante dinámico, el control de modos de vibración y derivas, así como la relación demanda/capacidad, asegurando que todos los elementos estructurales soportaran solicitaciones dentro de sus capacidades. Mediante un estudio económico se obtuvo el presupuesto del edificio. Finalmente, el análisis técnico-económico de los tres modelos permitió identificar la configuración estructural que ofrece la mejor relación costo-beneficio, correspondiéndose con las secciones tubos rectangulares rellenos de hormigón.
Estudio de amenazas hidráulicas en la llanura de inundación de la cuenca del río Bogotá - Cundinamarca – Colombia
Authors: Rodríguez Díaz Héctor Alfonso , Otálora Carmona Andrés Humberto , Rodríguez Acevedo Juan David , Aguilar Piña William Ricardo
Published: January 2025

Este artículo presenta los análisis y resultados de la investigación realizada por el Centro de Estudios Hidráulicos de la Universidad Escuela Colombiana de Ingeniería, correspondientes al “Estudio de amenazas hidráulicas en la llanura de inundación de la cuenca del Río Bogotá - Cundinamarca – Colombia”, mediante el uso de la herramienta computacional de simulación hidráulica HEC-RAS. Esta investigación ha sido dividida en tres horizontes y los resultados aquí presentados, corresponden al corto plazo, que incluyen, el ensamble de un modelo integrado de elevación con cubrimiento sobre toda la cuenca del Río Bogotá, la localización, identificación y ajuste de las intersecciones o pasos de vía con canales y drenajes, la validación, digitalización y complementación de la red de drenaje urbana y rural, la homologación del mapa de suelos a grupos hidrológicos con tasas de infiltración, la homologación del mapa de usos del suelo a valores de rugosidad e impermeabilidad, y la simulación bidimensional de un evento hipotético de descarga súbita, por el colapso simultáneo de los embalses Tominé, Neusa, Sisga, San Rafael, Chisacá y La Regadera.
Sky-Hub: Advanced Video Conferencing with Real-Time Collaboration
Authors: Sheshadri B K , Sneha B , Kavya D , Harsha K S , K Kavyasree
Published: January 2025

Abstract: The Sky-Hub Project is a video conferencing app designed for seamless remote communication through video, audio,
and chat. It supports virtual meetings, collaborations, and events. Key features include dynamic room creation, real-time call
quality monitoring, and adaptive video quality based on network speed. Unique tools like Video Summarization provide meeting
highlights, while Call Latency Monitoring ensures connection reliability. With a responsive design for all devices, the app offers
low-latency communication and scales for multiple users. Customizable and cost-effective, it’s a robust solution for personal,
professional, and educational use.
Investigation of the design and operating parameters of a portable mechanical arch breaker
Authors:   Volga State University of Railway Engineering, Kozhevnikov V.A.
Published: January 2025

An increase in the quality of unloading of hard-to-bulk materials from stationary and mobile bunker tanks can be achieved by using selective mechanical arch breakers. The configuration of the working bodies of these devices will ensure the stable production of a wide range of materials with different physical and mechanical properties from bunkers with different geometries. Using a theoretical tool that has found application in the research of metal and soil cutting processes, a theoretical description of the effect of the working bod¬ies of a portable arch breaker on the packed material in the hopper was given. Having studied the nature of the device’s operation directly in the cavity of the hopper outlet funnel (rotation of the working bodies with their one-time deviation at various stages of unloading the material), expressions were obtained to determine the operating loads and the power consumed. At the same time, in the obtained formulas, along with the physico-mechanical properties of the discharged materials, the design and operating parameters of the device were taken into account. Using the obtained expressions, the construction of theoretical dependencies is carried out, establishing the influence of several variable design-mode parameters (dimensions of working bodies, their feed, angular velocity) on the power consumed. The results of the conducted research can be used to optimize the structural and operating parameters of vaulting structures in the design of their laboratory and industrial samples.
The introduction of a rigid body of finite dimensions into an elastic-elastic half-space reinforced on the surface by a deformable plate
Authors:   Moscow Automobile and Road Engineering State Technical University, Kustarev G.V. , Pavlov S.A. ,   Moscow Automobile and Road Engineering State Technical University, Rusinov K.A. ,   Moscow Automobile and Road Engineering State Technical University, Gusev A.A. ,   Moscow Automobile and Road Engineering State Technical University, Novotortsev N.V. ,   Moscow Automobile and Road Engineering State Technical University
Published: January 2025

The article considers the problem of embedding a rigid body into an isotropic elastic-elastic half-space through a deformable plate having properties characteristic of thin plates – elastic bodies with a thickness much smaller than other geometric dimensions and studied according to the theories of Kirchhoff and Poisson. The presence of a thin plate changes the characteristics of the embedding process, since the methods applicable to solving direct indentation into the half-space cannot be used to determine the dependence of the load on deformation. The integral differential equations determining the embedding of a rigid body of finite dimensions are solved using the discretization approach. The integral transformation method made it possible to determine the loading operator, an integral part of which is the parameter of the relative stiffness of a system consisting of a plate and an elastic half-space. The relative stiffness depends on the elastic modulus and geometric parameters of the contact area and the elastic plate. The influence of the stiffness of an elastic plate on the relative stiffness of the entire system is analyzed and the results demonstrating the effect of plate stiffness on the Boussinesq problem of deformation of a half-space are presented. The solution of this problem is applicable to the practical field of scientific research on the compaction of asphalt concrete mixtures with various types of sealing working bodies, since the nature of the formation of defects in asphalt concrete coating retains scientific interest in the creation of alternative sealing equipment.
Estéticas de la resistencia en el hábitat migrante. El caso de la población Los Nogales, Estación Central, Santiago, Chile
Authors: Apolinario-Faria Bianca , Campos-Medina Luis
Published: January 2025

Based on a conception of aesthetics outside the artistic and much closer to daily life, this research sought to understand how material expressions of the migrant habitat alter the aesthetics of neighborhoods and generate resistance to the dominant power in the territory. The methodology comprised preparing a spatialized inventory of aesthetic inventions in a case study in Santiago, Chile. This was done using systematic neighborhood photographic tours, generating more than five hundred photographs and four audiovisual records. This material was analyzed to look for recurring patterns using the research’s theoretical guidelines and support from visual and sensory ethnography. The results are grouped into four main areas – the house, the street, the shops, and the street trade – revealing how daily aesthetics transform a neighborhood setting and enable new forms of exchange and sociability among its inhabitants. It is concluded that these aesthetic manifestations weave the composition of communities and alterities, generating territorial dynamics that challenge city-imposed homogeneity. Hence, plausibility is needed to understand them, not only as the means of cultural hybridism but also as resistance aesthetics.