bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMPARISON OF TOPICAL 0.1% ADAPALENE GEL VERSUS CRYOTHERAPY TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH PLANTAR WARTS
Authors: Maria Mahboob  , Ahmed Najia , Rahman Atiya , Naz Kiran , Niaz Furquana , Farooq Omer
Published: October 2022

Background:  Plantar wart is a common viral infection of the plantar surface of the foot. Multiple treatment modalities are available but there is no definitive management option. The aim of this study is to compare topical adapalene gel 0.1% with cryotherapy in patients presenting with plantar warts in terms of time taken for complete clearance of the lesions. Methods: The study was conducted at the department of Dermatology, PNS Shifa Hospital, Karachi from 28th April to 28th October 2020. Eighty-four patients with plantar warts who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. Approval from the institutional ethical review committee was sought and written informed consent was taken from all the patients. Patients were divided into two groups, A (Adapalene 0.1% gel) and B (Cryotherapy) of 42 patients each. Adapalene gel was applied twice daily under occlusion at home and cryotherapy was done at the clinic after every two weeks. Patients were followed weekly from the onset of treatment and days taken for complete clearance of plantar warts were noted. Both the groups were compared for the outcome, i.e., time taken for complete clearance of lesions. Results: The mean time for complete clearance of plantar warts in group A was 35.619±3.154 days and in group B, it was 50.404±3.178 days. Conclusion: Adapalene gel 0.1% used for the treatment of plantar warts helped in complete clearance of lesions faster than cryotherapy.
BUDDING MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS AND COVID-19: THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON MENTAL HEALTH AND MEDICAL STUDENTS
Authors: Syed Shabbir Afzal  , Mohammad Aadil Qamar  , Dhillon Rubaid , Maria Bhura  , Muhammad Hashir Khan  , Qosain Suriya  , Shiza Siddiqui  , M. Raafe Ali Khan  , Syed Akbar Abbas
Published: October 2022

Background: Due to the Novel Coronavirus Disease, medical education has transformed from a physical to an online-medium. The importance of physical education in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs), where online education can be challenging there is a need to explore the factors that affect online education. This study assesses the perspective and mental health of students whose medical education has been impacted by the pandemic. Methods: An online-questionnaire was distributed through social media platforms from October-to-December 2020 through Google-Forms among medical students across Pakistan. Two grading-scales were used to score anxiety and depression. Descriptive statistics and a logistic regression analysis were used to identify factors associated with anxiety and depression among medical students. p<0.05 was considered as significant. Data was analyzed using STATA v.15. Results: Total of 433 medical students participated in the study where 68.1% had some form of depression and 10.9% had anxiety. Around 65%-participants disagreed with the preference for online-classes. Seventy percent agreed on Has the thought of the pandemic made you worry about your academic future being associated with COVID-19 related-depression (OR: 2.03, 95%CI: 1.32-3.11). Multivariate analysis showed agreeing to COVID affected my educational performance was associated with anxiety (OR:1.45, 95%CI: 1.03-2.06) and depression (OR: 1.27, 95%CI: 1.03-1.56). Conclusion: Being part of the Low- and-Middle-Income Countries (LMIC), online-education itself becomes a challenge. Given the continued shutdown of universities across the country and the growing anxiety and depression amongst the students, adequate measures should be taken to help in coping up with the current challenge.
COVID-19 PANDEMIC-KNOWLEDGE, PERCEPTION, ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION AMONG FRONTLINE HEALTHCARE WORKERS OF AYUB TEACHING HOSPITAL ABBOTTABAD, PAKISTAN
Authors: Saqib Malik  , Rehman Najma , Farhat Naz  , Sadia Rehman  , Zainab Syed  , Huma Mushtaq  , Abdul Haseeb
Published: October 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is a viral infection that spreads through different mediums and has a high rate of mortality. At its initial stages, there is no particular medicine that can cure patients of COVID -19. The aim of the present study was to understand the COVID-19 knowledge, perception, and its effects in terms of anxiety and depression among frontline health care workers of Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad from June 2021 to Jul 2021 in which data was collected from 200 hospital healthcare workers who have performed duties in COVID isolation wards through standard questionnaire. SPSS version 24.0 was used for data analysis. Results: Out of 200 participants in the study 100 (50.0%) were male. Regarding safety measures taken during COVID -19, 144(72.0%) individuals reported that they have not been given training to handle known or suspected cases of COVID -19. Moderate anxiety and depression was found in 153 (76.5%) healthcare workers, mild in 25 (12.5%) and 22(11.0%) had severe anxiety and depression at the time of COVID -19 pandemic. Conclusion: This study revealed that a significant anxiety and depression was found in frontline healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, a more extensive study should be conducted which involves many other hospitals like Ayub Teaching Hospital.
Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam to Padmaavat: An Epitome on Traditional Indian Folk Dance in Sanjay LeelaBhansali’s Movies
Authors: Rajeev T Anjana
Published: October 2022

India is a country with diverse culture. Indian folks reflect the way of life in India. Bollywood, the name for Indian films had marked its signature in music and dance with the influence of traditional Indian folk. It had begun in the 1940s with the song “Diwali Phir Aa Gayi Sajni” from Khajanchi (1941) and coloured by the later generation of directors. Sanjay Leela Bhansali is one of the grandiose filmmakers in Bollywood who had glorified Indian folk, culture and aesthetics on screen. This paper titled “Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam to Padmaavat: An Epitome on Traditional Indian Folk Dance in Sanjay Leela Bhansali’s Movies” is a close study on the folkdances employed in Bhansali’s movies such as Gujarat’s Garba in Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam (1999), Uttar Pradesh’s Kathak in Devdas (2002), Garba in Goliyon Ki Rasleela Ramleela (2013), Maharashtra’s Jugalbandi, Lavani, Kathak in Bajirao Mastani (2015), and Rajasthan’s Ghoomar and Kathak in Padmaavat (2018). Evaluating all these songs trace back its relation and devotion to North Indian cultures which marks the bond between people and the culture of our society.
Lavani the Folk Dance of Maharashtra: A Study in Aesthetic
Authors: Kamble Dr. Sanjay Pandit
Published: October 2022

Maharashtra is land of culture and history, its history reveals the great Maratha ruled this land and these great men had affinity with the arts and dance culture of Maharashtra. No other form of dance culture and literature remains limited to particular area or region. In the course of time art and culture becomes part of remaining part of world. Same is the case of Lavani it came from different part but becomes the popular and folk dance of Maharashtra. At the beginning it was performed by the lower caste women but time has changed its role it became very popular form of literature of social reforms. Beside sensuality, beauty and shringar it appealed the masses to change the attitude of caste and other issues. During the time of Peshwas Lavani came to the doorstep of palace and castle. Time has modified into two forms Fadachi and Baithkichi Lavani both are existed on today in the society and still enjoyed by the masses. The main purpose of this paper is to comment on the Lavani as folk dance of Maharashtra from the aesthetic point of view.
Future Challenges Related To The Bangladeshi Health Sector Through The Impact Of Various Factors.
Authors: Rana Rashed Ullah , Parvin Mst. Rina , Hasan Nazmul
Published: October 2022

Nursing is an important part of the health sector. The quality of service largely depends on the nurses. Nurses are at the center of the healthcare setting. In order to provide high-quality services, nurses need to work independently and create an environment where nurses can express their opinions, engage in policymaking and have a unique work environment. Nurses need to be guaranteed rights, dignity, and quality opportunities. However, nurses have been facing a number of factors over the past two decades that are hampering the quality of service in the health sector. If these challenges cannot be reduced from Bangladesh, there will be a major health crisis over the country.
Institut national du service public: oude wijn in nieuwe zakken?
Authors: Nelissen Nico
Published: October 2022

Institut national du service public: old wine in new bottles? L’ENA est morte! Vive l’INSP!

The actions and demonstrations of the gilets jaunes (the yellow vests) prompted the newly appointed French president Macron to make a promise: to reform the public administration and other training for top officials. With regard to the latter, the idea was to abolish the existing ENA (‘École Nationale d’Administration’) and create a new institution: an institution that would offer opportunities to people from all kinds of social classes and not just to a small elite. Macron left no doubt about it: down with the ENA and on the way to a new institution: the INSP (‘Institut national du service public’). The time has come. The ENA was abolished on 1 January 2022 and the INSP has replaced it. The new institute is intended to ensure that the top civil servants shaped by the institute see their government task primarily as a social task and that they are also more at the service of society, instead of working on their own career. The question in all this is whether the INSP can achieve Macron’s ambitions. Or, to put it differently, is the INSP a real innovation or is it more like ‘old wine in new bottles’?
Omgaan met burgers
Authors: Lunsing Jan
Published: October 2022

Dealing with citizens

Based on a case study into the amalgamation of Haren, Groningen and Ten Boer (the Netherlands), the author examines whether the criterion of fair procedure is being met. Amalgamations have been the order of the day since the 1970s. Many of the arguments used by politicians have not been confirmed or even disproved by academia. In those cases where a municipality and its inhabitants resist amalgamation, power appears to be a more important factor than the quality of the argument. The legal protection created for this purpose in a constitutional state appears to be virtually sidelined in all attempts to involve the courts in amalgamations. This is contrary to the criteria for a fair procedure.
A STUDY ON CSR ACTIVITIES IN BANKING SECTOR AS A FACTOR OF ECONOMIC GROWTH
Authors: Chavda Dharmendra , Acharya Maitreya , Patel Hard
Published: October 2022

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is the compliance of social and environmental aspects throughout the operation of the organization. Business rivalries started taking heavy toll on the quality, transparency, environment and the society in general endangering the peaceful coexistence of business and society. The businesses houses started realizing that they would have to rise over and above the profitability and take care of all those associated with their survival in the society directly or indirectly. This realization resulted into the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). This research paper moves around developing an understanding about the corporate social responsibility (CSR), its concept and finding out its scope taking the case study of the SBI.
SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ACCOUNTING AND SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY REPORTING
Authors: Chavda Dharmendra , Acharya Maitreya
Published: October 2022

The word social responsibility means to help the society in every manner as well as social accounting is attracting the attention of many industrialists today as a result of industrial growth & economic prosperity of many nations. If an organization has to function effectively and survive, it has to be accountable to the public at a large. Many Indian companies have given “value added statement” and sustainability reports in their annual reports in place of social reporting.

Social accounting is a method by which a firm seeks to place a value on the impact on society of its operations. The effect on society of the packaging it produced share holders, mandatory social disclosure requirement and management’s motivation to improve the firm image more and more corporations of developed countries.
Innovation as an accelerating effect on Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita
Authors: Gürler Metin
Published: October 2022

Most economists agree that innovation is a key driver of economic growth, prosperity and human well-being. Patents are an important indicator of innovation output. This study aims to investigate the relationship between patents as an innovation output and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita as an economic welfare.
In the study 166 countries were analyzed and a high positive correlation between patent grants per million population and GDP per capita as 0.804. The inequality in income distribution in the world is also clearly seen in the distribution of patent grants. High-income countries have 61 percent of global income whereas they have 66.9 percent of total patent grants in the world. Low-income countries have 0.5 percent of global income whereas they have 0.3 percent of total patent grants in the world. Global average patent grants per million population is 221.3 in 2020. Patent grants per million population is 943.6 in high-income countries and 8.6 in low-income countries. Test results show that, the natural logarithm of patent grants per million population increase 10 percent, it causes approximately 4.1 percent increase in natural logarithm of GDP per capita. In other words, if patent grants per million population in the world increase 23.3, it causes approximately 523.1 USD increase in global GDP per capita in average.
Post-extraction birch bark residues as a potential binder in particleboards
Authors: Jeżo Aleksandra , Wronka Anita
Published: October 2022

Post-extraction birch bark residues as a potential binder in particleboards. Nowadays, in the wood-based composites industry, aspects such as ecology and joining the current circular economy play a very important role. However, user safety is also very important. Formaldehyde is one of the hazardous substances which, if emitted too high, can harm human health. Unfortunately, binders containing formaldehyde still reign supreme in the wood-based panels' industry. Therefore, this paper concerns the possibility of using post-extraction residues obtained during the extraction of suberinic acid, as a formaldehyde-free and ecological binder in the production of particleboards. The main component, suberinic acid, is a colorless, crystalline solid used in the synthesis of drugs and the production of plastics. The aim of the research was to answer the question: since suberinic acid itself is a good binder in the production of particle boards, as described in other publications, it is worth checking whether the post-extraction residues also have similarly good properties of joining particles in particle boards, depending on the size of the wood particles? In addition, the use of post-extraction residues of bark, and thus the elimination of synthetic adhesives in the wood-based composites production process, allows the reuse of wood raw material, which fits perfectly with the idea of upcycling. The tests showed that using post-extraction residues of birch bark, using 10% and 20% resination, the requirements of the EN 312: 2010 standard were met only in the case of the modulus of elasticity for boards made of the largest wood particles used in the tests. The resination and the size of wood particles contributed to the improvement of the properties of the tested boards.
Seasonal variations in histomorphology and histochemistry of vesicular gland of buffalo bull
Authors: SARANGI SAMIKSHYA , GUPTA ANURADHA , BANSAL NEELAM , UPPAL VARINDER
Published: October 2022

The present study was conducted to study the seasonal changes in the histomorphology and histochemistry of the vesicular gland of buffalo bull. The vesicular gland of buffalo bull was collected from the abattoir immediately after sacrifice during winter and summer season. The tissue sample were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin (NBF) and were processed for paraffin blocks preparation by acetone-benzene schedule and paraffin sections of 3-5 μm were obtained on glass slides with rotary microtome. The paraffin sections were stained with various stains to study the histomorphological and histochemical parameters. The results showed that the vesicular glands were compound tubulo-alveolar type of gland in buffalo and were composed of four layers, i.e. lamina epithelialis, propria submucosa, tunica muscularis and tunica adventitia. In winter, the lumen of acini became wider than summer. The secretory material was observed during winter but could not be seen in summer season both in glandular acini and ducts. The connective tissue of stroma was less in winter and increased in summer which may be the reason for reduced lumen of glandular acini in summer. The tunica muscularis layer was thicker in winter than in summer season. The micrometrical data revealed that the average epithelial height and acinar diameter significantly decreased from winter to summer. The activity of neutral mucopolysaccharides, basic proteins, lipids and phospholipids were more in winter than summer season. The acid mucopolysaccharides were more in summer than winter. The results indicate that the vesicular gland of buffalo bull was more functionally active during winter season as compared to summer season.
Genetic diversity of Pasteurella multocida isolates of Indian origin
Authors: MISHRA MADHU , THOMAS PRASAD , KUMAR SANTOSH , GUPTA SANTOSH K , AGARWAL RAJESH K , NAGALEEKAR VISWAS K
Published: October 2022

In the current study, correlation among specific capsular types, sequence types and specific hosts were observed. Study proves high diversity with respect to small ruminant isolates belonging to capsular type A. Higher sharing of sequence types among small ruminant, porcine and avian hosts indicate the close association of these isolates getting adapted for diverse host species. The study also shows that CC229, mostly from small ruminant hosts, was genetically related to HS-specific ST122 indicating recent diversification and possibly, similar genotype and pathogenesis.
Genetic evaluation for productive and reproductive traits in Holstein Friesian cows under subtropical condition
Authors: EL-KOMY SHYMA M , RASHAD A M
Published: October 2022

Lactation records (1,017) of Holstein cows, kept in private dairy farm in Egypt, from 2008 to 2015 were used for the study. The objectives were to estimate the effect of some factors on performance and estimate some genetic parameters. Traits studied were 305 day milk yield (305-dMY), lactation period (LP), peak milk yield (PY), number of services per conception (NSC), days open (DO) and calving interval (CI). Data were analyzed using Multi Traits Animal Model. Least squares means were 4436 kg, 215 d and 37 kg for 305-dMY, LP and PY, respectively, and 3.45, 182 d, and 452 d for NSC, DO and CI, respectively. Season and year of calving and parity had significant effects on all traits, except that of year of calving on PY and parity on NSC. Sire had significant effect only on 305- dMY and PY. Estimates of heritability for 305-dMY, LP, PY, NSC, DO and CI were 0.20, 0.07, 0.19, 0.07, 0.03 and 0.07, respectively. Phenotypic correlations among productive or reproductive traits were positive and between productive and reproductive traits were likewise positive. Genetic correlations among productive or reproductive traits ranged from 0.75 to 0.80 and 0.22 to 0.45, respectively.
Effect of mineral supplementation on incidence of reproduction disturbances and fertility parameters in Polish Holstein-Friesian cows
Authors: GÓRSKI KRZYSZTOF
Published: October 2022

The research was undertaken to determine the effect of the mineral mixture Bovifosfomag®, recipe-adapted to the biogeochemical conditions prevailing in the region of animal residence, on cow fertility and productivity. A two-year study was conducted with 96 multiparous Polish Holstein-Friesian cows (Black-and-White variety) in four farms located in eastern Poland. Herds with an average of 24 cows, were divided into two groups, i.e. control and treatment. Control group cows received no mineral mixture. Animals from the treatment groups received the Bovifosfomag® mineral mixture. The composition of the mix took into account the geobiochemical conditions of farm location. Cows were routinely checked by the veterinarian for reproductive problems. Health records included abortion, endometritis, anoestrus and paresis puerperalis. Fertility measures were calculated using calving dates and insemination dates and included: first service pregnancy rate, gestation interval, calving interval, insemination index and fertility status. The analysis of fertility indices and clinical diseases of the reproductive system showed that there was a significant decrease in fertility of the studied animals. Mineral nutrition is given a special role in cow fertility. It was found that it is possible to affect the improvement in mineral supply of cows by including a mineral additive in the form of Bovifosfomag® mixture in the dietary dose. A positive effect of the mineral mixture on the reproductive indices and a decrease in the incidence of clinical forms of reproductive diseases was found. This indicates the advisability of the mineral mixture of the proposed component composition used in the experiment.
Effect of dietary inclusion of vegetable oils on nutrient utilization and ruminal fermentation in Surti goats
Authors: RAVAL A P , PATEL V R , SORATHIYA L M , PATEL N B , SINGH R R
Published: October 2022

With an objective to study vegetable oils supplementation on nutrient utilization and ruminal fermentation, 24 multiparous lactating Surti goats were divided into four groups as basal diet supplemented with no oil (CON), 3% of DMI soybean oil (SBO), 3% of DMI of rice bran oil (RBO) and equi-proportional blend of 1.5% of DMI of soybean oil and rice bran oil each (SRBO). DM, CP, NDF and ADF intake (g/d) and their digestibility (%) remained statistically similar amongst dietary treatments groups, except EE which was significantly improved in all the oil supplemented groups as compared to control. Nitrogen balance of experimental groups remained unaffected and all the animals were under positive nitrogen balance. Rumen metabolites like pH and total nitrogen and its fractions (ammonia N, TCA precipitable N and soluble N) remained similar amongst treatment except TVFA. Thus, soybean oils and/or rice bran oils at level of 3% of DMI can be effectively incorporated in ration of lactating Surti goats without affecting nutrient utilization and rumen fermentation.
Leucaena leucocephala leaves and prickly pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) as substitutes for alfalfa hay (Medicago sativa L.) and their effects on the gas and methane production, prevalence of methanogens and patterns of ruminal fermentation in vitro
Authors: LERMA JESUS BERNARDO PÁEZ , ORTIZ MANUEL MURILLO , PONCE KARINA AIDE ARAIZA , ESTRADA SANDRA CONSUELO MARTINEZ , CRUZ NICOLAS OSCAR SOTO , REYES J NATIVIDAD GURROLA
Published: October 2022

The aim of the study was to evaluate the replacement of alfalfa hay with Leucaena leucocephala leaves and prickly pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) as an alternative forage, on gas and methane production, ruminal fermentation patterns and total amount of methanogens during in vitro fermentation. Four treatments were evaluated: (T1) alfalfa hay + concentrate (50 : 50%, DM); (T2) alfalfa hay + Leucaena leaves + concentrate (30 : 20 : 50%, DM); (T3) alfalfa hay + prickly pear + concentrate (30 : 20 : 50%, DM) and (T4) alfalfa hay + Leucaena leaves + prickly pear + concentrate (30 : 10 : 10 : 50%, DM). The higher gas production from of soluble fraction (A) and rate gas production (Kd) values, ammonia-N (NH3-N) concentrations and propionate were found in T1 and lower in T2 (p<0.05). Nevertheless, the inclusion of Leucaena leucocephala in the diet decreased the methane production and did not affect the total of methanogens. Results showed that the replacement of alfalfa hay by Leucaena leucocephala and Opuntia ficus-indica in a diet do not affect the main variables of in vitro gas production, ruminal fermentation patterns and methanogenic microorganisms populations.
Evaluation of Mewari, a native chicken breed vis-à-vis Pratapdhan, an improved chicken variety under an intensive system of rearing
Authors: JAREDA PRATIBHA , MISHRA SIDDHARTHA , RAJKUMAR ULLENGALA
Published: October 2022

Mewari is an indigenous chicken breed and Pratapdhan is a dual purpose chicken variety developed using Mewari, coloured broiler and Rhode Island Red. Pratapdhan birds were well accepted by the farmers of Rajasthan and adjoining areas. The study was undertaken for comparative evaluation of Mewari and Pratapdhan chicken under intensive system. The data were analyzed using factorial design with genotype, sex and generation (2 × 2 × 3) as main effects. The body weights differed significantly at all ages with significant higher weights in Pratapdhan as compared to Mewari chicken. Sex had significant effect on body weights at all ages except at 2nd week. Males had significantly higher body weights across the genotypes and generations. The interaction effects were significant between the genotypes, sex and generations, except at 2nd week of age. The body weights showed an increasing trend over the generations with few exceptions. ASM and egg weights significantly varied between the genotypes and across the generations with significant interaction effects. The average annual egg production and egg weight (72 weeks) in Mewari and Pratapdhan chicken were 92.02±0.52 and 158.25±1.20 and 46.85±0.22 and 55.74±0.28, respectively. The fertility per cent was 80.39±1.45 and 83.28±0.64 in Mewari and Pratapdhan, respectively. The results suggest that Pratapdhan could be one of the potential improved germplasm for backyard poultry production.
Effect of chelated mineral supplementation on productive and reproductive performance of lactating buffalo
Authors: KANTWA S C , SHEKHAWAT S S , PRATAP RAM , MEENA YOGENDRA K , SAMOTA S D
Published: October 2022

The present study was conducted to assess the effect of chelated mineral mixture supplementation on the productive, reproductive performance and economics of lactating buffalo. Trial was conducted on 40 buffaloes of nearly at the same lactation stage, milk yield and parity selected from village- Bhakhrana, Block- Kotputli, District- Jaipur, Rajasthan. Buffaloes were divided in two groups; 20 buffaloes were kept in each group, viz. control and treatment group. Two buffaloes of each farmer were selected to maintain similarity in feeding and management practice. Treatment group was fed with chelated mineral mixture @ 40 g/buffalo/day till 90 days of early lactation period, whereas the control group was not supplemented. The data were recorded by the farmers daily in the morning and evening and by the researcher at fortnightly interval. Analysis of data revealed that supplementation of chelated mineral mixture increased the milk yield by 1.55 lit/day (15.82%) in treated group. Similarly, reproductive performance traits such as onset of first estrum after calving, no. of AI required for conception and service period were also recorded at the same interval between these groups. The B:C ratio of chelated mineral mixture supplementation was observed 1:7.75 under farmer management practices. These findings may suggest that supplementation of chelated mineral mixture enhanced the productive and reproductive performance for getting higher return and sustainable profit from buffalo farming.
Test day yield, lactation curve and production potential of Gir cattle under hot and humid conditions of Tamil Nadu
Authors: VENKATARAMANAN  , SUNDARAM S MEENAKSHI , AMBIKE VRINDA B , MUTHURAMALINGAM T , MANOBHAVAN M
Published: October 2022

Test day milk yield records (5130), milk production and milk composition traits from 19 lactations of Gir cows collected for two years (2019 and 2020) were used to understand the performance of Gir breed in hot and humid conditions of Tamil Nadu. Different lactation curve models were used for modelling test day records and model diagnostics like adjusted R-square, BIC and RMSE were used to obtain the model of best fit. The mean test day yield, fat per cent, SNF (%), total milk yield, peak yield, days to attain peak yield and calving interval observed were 5.78 kg, 5.05%, 7.65%, 1507 kg, 9.23 kg, 46.5 days and 447 days respectively. Ali and Shaeffer model offered the best fit for lactation curve in Gir cows. Mahadevan method and Gamma function were used to calculate the persistency of milk yield which was obtained as 1.33 and 6.348 respectively. Results of the study indicated that Gir cattle were able to adapt themselves through maintenance of reproductive traits comparable with that of the native tract but the new humid environment has caused a slight decrease in the performance of milk production traits.
Assessment of cold stress in crossbred cattle by wind chill temperature index
Authors: BUTT J H , KONWAR D , BRAHMA B , KHAN A , CHAKRABORTY D
Published: October 2022

In the present experiment we studied the effect of cold stress as assessed by Wind Chill Temperature (WCT) on physiological, hemato-biochemical, behavioural parameters and milk production of crossbred cattle. The study spanned for a period of 14 weeks (November to March) with WCT range of 13.51±1.09 to 5.67±0.51. The rectal temperature (°C) and respiration rate (p<0.01, r=0.812) of the experimental animals showed positive correlation with WCT while pulse rate was negatively correlated (P<0.05; r= -0.639) with WCT. There was no effect of WCT on hematobiochemical parameters with exception of AST, ALT and GPx. Feed intake (DM basis), water intake and rumination number were negatively correlated with WCT. Milk yield (kg) showed positive correlation (p<0.01; r=0.943) with WCT and dropped by 66.59% at lowest WCT. Regression analysis of data revealed high dependency of rectal temperature, respiration rate, milk yield and dry matter on WCT. The study concluded that cold stress is evident in crossbred at WCT range of 5.67±0.51 to 16.01±0.72°C.
The Body Mapping Revolution: Its origins, consequences and limitations
Authors: Cole Amanda
Published: October 2022

Body Mapping (BM) is a fast-growing discipline, the reach of which increases with the appearance of every new title, dedicated to the players of yet another specific musical instrument. While Barbara Conable is credited as the founder of the Association for Body Mapping Education (ABME), and William Conable as the “discoverer” of BM, the story is more complex than that. The origins of Body Mapping lie in the clarity of one particular teacher of the Alexander Technique (AT), Marjorie Barstow. However, Barstow was wary of the potential dangers of BM stripped of its Alexander underpinnings and warned against its development as a discrete discipline. This article examines the origins of BM and compares it with the Alexander Technique, particularly as taught by Barstow. In particular, the author reiterates and expands Barstow’s warning of its potential consequences when taught to singers without the underpinnings of Alexander’s principles.
A Singer-Songwriter's Approach to Vocal Performance of Their Original Songs: An insider's view
Authors: Loxlea-Danann Laine , Bartlett Irene
Published: October 2022

Statistical data suggests that through media like radio, television and streaming, the music listening public engages with the output of singer-songwriters (SSWs) on a daily basis (Surveyspro, 2016). The singer is key to this engagement, yet existing scholarly discussion is focused primarily on industry and non-industry, etic views/perspectives of SSWs as a group (Bentley, 2016; Holman Jones, 2007; Jackson, 2007; King, 2012; Lanksford Jr, 2010; Potter & Sorrell, 2012; Reynolds, 2009; Rogers, 2016; Whiteley, 2000; Williams & Williams, 2016; Zollo, 1958, Zollo, 2016). Beyond the suggestion that for SSWs the process of singing their own original songs is comparable to singing covers of other artists’ compositions, the existing literature offers little discussion on the singer component within the musical product of the singersongwriter craft. In this paper, we propose that, whilst the singers’ process in creating a vocal performance on any song (original or cover) could be considered similar in terms of voice production, there are deeper considerations for SSWs and consequently, for the teachers who oversee their voice training.
PRINSIP-PRINSIP UMUM FALSAFAH DAN ETIKA ALAM SEKITAR MENURUT PERSPEKTIF ISLAM
Authors:   UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA (UTM), MALAYSIA, A. Harris Khalif Muammar
Published: October 2022

Penulisan ini menggariskan dua cabaran besar terhadap kelestarian alam sekitar. Pertama, cabaran sekularisasi dan pandangan alam sekular, khususnya penghilangan pesona daripada alam tabīʿi (disenchantment of nature), yang menyediakan ranah yang subur bagi kemunculan golongan manusia yang bersifat materialistik, tidak bertanggungjawab dan mementingkan diri sendiri (selfish). Kedua, cabaran penyempitan agama sebagai natijah daripada kemunduran dan kedangkalan kefahaman terhadap agama, sehingga Islam dilihat jumud dan tidak mampu memberikan jalan penyelesaian terhadap cabaran ketamadunan dan dunia masa kini. Justeru, makalah ini menerangkan, secara ringkas dan padat tetapi dengan pengertian yang luas dan mendalam, konsep-konsep penting yang berkaitan seperti ʿibādah, taklīf, khalīfah, amānah, taskhīr, ʿālam, al-dīn, al-Sharīʿah, iṣlāh, adab, ʿamal ṣālih, iḥsān, itqān, taqwā dan ṣadaqah bagi mengenal pasti prinsip-prinsip umumfalsafah dan etika alam sekitar dari perspektif Islam.
School Policy Commitments to Staff and Students’ Welfare: A Case Study of Public Secondary Schools in Iganga District, Uganda
Authors: Rose Nabirye , Charles Muweesi , Muhamadi Kaweesi , Robert Tomusange , Wang Cuiying , Christopher sabirye , Mugenyi Kuteesa Disan , Jessica Kabasiita
Published: October 2022

The study was carried out on school policy commitments to staff and students’ welfare in public secondary schools in Iganga District, Uganda with focus on: the indicators of need for school policy commitment to teachers and students’ welfare as well as establishing the effect in a qualitative approach using interviews. The findings indicate that effective school discipline procedures support kids’ decision-making and academic attention. Teenagers that receive sex education are better able to grasp their biological makeup and become more mature. Thus, the sex education policy aids in informing and educating children about puberty and gives them confidence to speak up when boundaries are crossed. Breakfast and lunch are provided to every student in practically every public secondary school. An after-school snack and dinner are also offered to those taking part in extra-curricular activities. Therefore, students are better able to concentrate on studying when they feel comfortable. Students need to be disciplined to make significant academic progress, yet many institutions struggle in this area. Results show that teachers who emphasize timelines in finishing activities end up failing to finish syllabi.
The Merits and Limitations of YouTube as a Method of Informal Learning
Authors: Bai Yuqi
Published: October 2022

YouTube offers multiple channels for informal learning. Participants may learn from video content in the form of lectures, tutorials, guides, and even vlogs. YouTube also enables forms of incidental learning in which participants discover new information, content, or skills, while engaged in other activities. Informal learning on YouTube impacts participants’ learning strategies and learners’ progress. Selecting a new beginner of the Ukulele may help me to figure out some benefits and limitations of YouTube as a method of informal learning.
A Preliminary Study on the Influencing Factors of Visual Communication of Rural Culture: Based on Grounded Theory
Authors: Li Pengyu
Published: October 2022

Visual communication has an important impact on revitalizing rural culture, but its implementation still lacks empirical research support. Based on the grounded theory, this study conducted a coding analysis of the data collected in Shuikou Town, Yunyang County, by research method of field investigation. Relevant research shows that: Shuikou Town, Yunyang County, has a positive role in promoting cultural revitalization in terms of content consciousness, villager consciousness, media consciousness, subject environment, and object environment of visual communication. The analysis of the influence mechanism of visual communication on the “consciousness-environment” of rural cultural revitalization from an empirical perspective can also provide a closer look at the current status of rural cultural revitalization to provide a reference for visual communication to promote rural cultural revitalization.
Assessment of inpatient psychiatric readmission risk among patients discharged on an antipsychotic polypharmacy regimen: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Boskailo Esad , Malkoc Aldin , McCurry Dustin B. , Venter Jacob , Drachman David , Ramos Gilbert M.
Published: October 2022

Objective. Patients are frequently prescribed multiple antipsychotic medications, leading to higher healthcare costs and increased risk for side effects. The efficacy of multiple versus single antipsychotics to prevent acute relapse, measured by incidence of inpatient readmission, is investigated in Arizona, USA.

Method. A retrospective chart review compared socio-demographic and clinical data from 1,010 patients discharged on a single and 377 discharged on multiple antipsychotic medications. Case management records were reviewed for readmission within one year of discharge.

Results. Younger age, diagnosis of Schizophrenia or Schizoaffective Disorder, prescription of mood stabilizer, shorter length of stay, and discharge to residential treatment or crisis recovery unit were associated with multiple antipsychotics at discharge. Readmission rates of the single (13.7%) versus multiple (15.9%) antipsychotic groups were not statistically different (P = 0.286). Logistic regression analysis established that only age (younger) and the prescription of a mood stabilizer at discharge were significant predictors for increased risk for readmission (p=0.010 and p=0.049, respectively). A Cox survival analysis supported these findings.

Conclusions. Concomitant antipsychotic polypharmacy at discharge did not reduce re- admission risk over a one-year period. Given the increased risk of side effects and financial costs of polypharmacy, this study did not provide evidence to support this practice. Strikingly, only two variables predicted readmission risk, younger age and prescription of mood stabilizer. Although practitioners should follow practice guidelines more closely to prevent unnecessary exposure to potentially lethal side effects of antipsychotic polypharmacy, further studies are needed to better identify patients at high risk for readmission.
Looking Forward to the New Medical School in Croatia
Authors: Franić Tomislav
Published: October 2022

No abstract available.
Diagnosis and Management of Problematic Severe Asthma
Authors: Scotney Elizabeth , Saglani Sejal
Published: October 2022

This review will outline an evidence-based approach for diagnosing and managing children with problematic severe asthma (PSA). Children with PSA have uncontrolled asthma symptoms, despite maximal prescribed asthma treatment. These children have high morbidity and mortality and should be referred for specialist respiratory assessment and management. The first step in the assessment of a child with PSA is confirming the diagnosis of asthma using objective evidence. Following this, an assess- ment of inhaled corticosteroid adherence and a multi-disciplinary team approach is essential for separating difficult asthma (DA) from severe therapy resistant asthma (STRA). The majority of children have DA which entails uncontrolled asthma symp- toms due to underlying modifiable factors including poor treatment adherence, poor inhaler technique, exposure to environ- mental allergens, co-morbid conditions and psycho-social factors.  Approximately 20% of children with PSA have STRA, and have persistent asthma symptoms despite good treatment adherence and correction of modifiable factors. Children with STRA typically have multiple and severe aeroallergen sensitization, eosinophilic airway inflammation and high fraction exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO). Further investigation of children with STRA includes an assessment of systemic steroid responsiveness, this is important for confirming the diagnosis of STRA and guiding the choice of additional treatment. Biologics are an add on (immune targeted) therapy for STRA. The current biologics used in children target the T2 helper (Th2) pathway mediating eosino- philic, allergic asthma.Conclusion. Future clinical trials of biologics in children will be essential to help identify childhood specific biomarkers and to decide which biologic is best for which individual child.
The Airway Microbiome and Childhood Asthma – What Is the Link?
Authors: Dick Smita , Turner Steve
Published: October 2022

In this paper we propose to describe the available evidence from the literature on upper airway microbiome and its association with paediatric asthma and allergy. Recent advances in sequencing the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene have enabled research into the complex communities of bacteria, known as the microbiome, that exist outside and inside the human body. Although the upper airways have long been recognised to host a microbiome, the lower airways are now known to contain a rich and diverse microbiome. This review first describes the microbiome of the upper and lower airways and then explores associations between the microbiome in the airways and bowel and asthma in children.  The characteristics of the microbiome differ between nose and mouth, and between the mouth and bronchus in terms of burden and diversity of bacteria and in the predominant phyla present.  There is a small literature which suggests that there are differences in the airway microbiome in early life between children who later have asthma compared to those who do not develop asthma.Conclusion. At the time of writing it is not clear whether the microbiome may cause childhood asthma, whether the conditions in the asthmatic airway encourage a different microbiome or whether a third factor confounds the relationship between airway microbiome and child- hood asthma.
RSV Lower Respiratory Tract Illness in Infants of Low- and Middle-income Countries
Authors: Laudanno Sofía L. , Sánchez Yanotti Clara I. , Polack Fernando P.
Published: October 2022

This review addresses differences in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) lower respiratory tract illness (LRTI) between industrial- ized and developing countries and provides observations associated with the dissimilar consequences of viral infection in both environments.  RSV LRTI is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in infants worldwide. Its burden is highest in de- veloping countries, where most hospitalizations and mortality occur. Palivizumab has been approved for disease prevention in premature infants in numerous countries but its cost and requirement for several doses hampers its routine use. The significant gap between low- and high-income countries in mortality rates stresses the need to identify specific risk factors for RSV LRTI prevention in different populations.Conclusion. RSV LTRI continues to be a serious problem for industrialised and developing countries, although mortality occurs preferentially in the latter. Several vaccines and monoclonal antibodies to prevent severe disease are advancing steadily in late phase trials. The next decade may witness a change in the landscape of RSV infections in young infants.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF TIMING AND CLOSURE OF IMMATURE ANTERIOR TEETH WITH OPEN APEX USING TWO DIFFERENT REGENERATIVE MATERIAL: A CASE REPORT-12 MONTHS FOLLOW-UP
Authors: Gupta Sonal , Patra Abhinandan , Shrivastava Rupali , Sharma Shatakshi
Published: October 2022

Regenerative endodontic Procedures provide an unconventional approach which relies on the principle of tissue engineering. Pulp necrosis of immature permanent teeth may impair root development and apical closure of root canals. Completion of root development takes around 3 years after eruption of permanent teeth. Management of immature non vital teeth is very challenging for a clinician because teeth may have wide open apex and thin root canal walls that may diverge towards the apex. Conventional cleaning and shaping of the canals and obturation may not be possible because of the lack of apical stop. Since debridement of pulp canal space is difficult, there is an increased possibility of root perforation and cervical root fracture, besides the presence of an open immature root apex jeopardize the apical seal of a root canal treatment resulting in subsequent failure. The purpose of this report is to present the case of a patient wherein apexification of an immature permanent maxillary left central incisor tooth was induced by the Biodentine (Calcium trisilicate cement) and Metapex paste (Calcium hydroxide and Iodoform).
INFLUENCE OF FAMILIAL SOCIO-ECONOMIC RISK FACTORS ON INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY IN TIRUNELVELI DISTRICT, TAMIL NADU, INDIA
Authors: REVATHY K. SOFIA , PRABA L. JEYA
Published: October 2022

Intellectual disability is characterized as a “limitation both in intellectual functioning and adaptive behaviour as expressed in conception, social, and practical adaptive skills”. Various causal factors can be identified empirically as risk factors among families with intellectual disability. Though the genetic etiology contributes to 30-50% of intellectual disability, the contribution of environmental and socio-economic factors toward the etiology is also significant. Male gender, parental education, family income, and occupational status were the socio-economic risk factors that influence the etiology of Intellectual disability. Therefore, this descriptive cross-sectional study aims to look for the above said socio-economic risk factors among families with intellectual disability. A total of 203 families with one or more children with intellectual disabilities participated in the study. The participants were mothers of intellectually disabled children/individuals selected through special schools in the Tirunelveli District. The study results showed that the frequency of males affected was twice that of females affected. Fathers and mothers were of almost equal education status with 48.28% and 45.32% respectively in secondary school (standard 6th to 10th) educational range. Only 7.88% of mothers and almost 12% of the fathers had completed their higher secondary school education. Almost 12% of both parents have no education at all. Only 5% of fathers and 4% of mothers were undergraduates. Among the participants 42% work for daily wages and almost 36% work in unorganized private sectors. Only one parent is employed in 65% of the households and both were employed in 34% of the families. A total of 65.5% of families earn below 10,000 rupees per month. Thus, the identified socio-economic risk factors among families with intellectual disabilities can be used to scrutinize the population for primary prevention strategies and these risk factors can be evaded with proper awareness, education, and counselling.