bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Flexible model of network embedding
Authors: Fernández-Gracia Juan , Onnela Jukka-Pekka
Published: August 2019

There has lately been increased interest in describing complex systems not merely as single networks but rather as collections of networks that are coupled to one another. We introduce an analytically tractable model that enables one to connect two layers in a multilayer network by controlling the locality of coupling. In particular we introduce a tractable model for embedding one network (A) into another (B), focusing on the case where network A has many more nodes than network B. In our model, nodes in network A are assigned, or embedded, to the nodes in network B using an assignment rule where the extent of node localization is controlled by a single parameter. We start by mapping an unassigned “source” node in network A to a randomly chosen “target” node in network B. We then assign the neighbors of the source node to the neighborhood of the target node using a random walk starting at the target node and with a per-step stopping probability q. By varying the parameter q, we are able to produce a range of embeddings from local (q = 1) to global (q → 0). The simplicity of the model allows us to calculate key quantities, making it a useful starting point for more realistic models.
Fine-grained simulations of the microenvironment of vascularized tumours
Authors: Fredrich Thierry , Rieger Heiko , Chignola Roberto , Milotti Edoardo
Published: August 2019

One of many important features of the tumour microenvironment is that it is a place of active Darwinian selection where different tumour clones become adapted to the variety of ecological niches that make up the microenvironment. These evolutionary processes turn the microenvironment into a powerful source of tumour heterogeneity and contribute to the development of drug resistance in cancer. Here, we describe a computational tool to study the ecology of the microenvironment and report results about the ecology of the tumour microenvironment and its evolutionary dynamics.
Protective effect of nobiletin on isolated human islets survival and function against hypoxia and oxidative stress-induced apoptosis
Authors: Keshtkar Somayeh , Kaviani Maryam , Jabbarpour Zahra , Geramizadeh Bita , Motevaseli Elahe , Nikeghbalian Saman , Shamsaeefar Alireza , Motazedian Nasrin , Al-Abdullah Ismail H. , Ghahremani Mohammad Hossein , Azarpira Negar
Published: August 2019

Islets transplantation, as a treatment of type 1 diabetes, faces challenges, including the loss of islets in the process of isolation and pre-transplantation due to cellular stresses-induced apoptosis. Accordingly, the optimization of culture plays a decisive role in the transplantation success. In this study, we evaluated the effect of nobiletin on the cultured human islets. Isolated human islets were treated by different concentrations of nobiletin and cultured for 24 and 72 hours. Then, the islets viability, apoptosis, insulin and C-peptide secretion, and apoptosis markers were evaluated. Also, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α), and its target genes in the islets were examined. Our findings showed that the islets were encountered with hypoxia and oxidative stress after isolation and during culture. These insults induced apoptosis and reduced viability during culture period. Moreover, the secretion of insulin and C-peptide decreased. Nobiletin treatments significantly improved the islets survival through reduction of HIF-1α and ROS production and suppression of apoptosis, along with increased islets function. Islet protective effect of nobiletin might be related to its anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic and insulinotropic properties. Hence, in order to achieve viable and functional islets for clinical transplantation, the application of nobiletin during pre-transplantation period is useful.
Temperature dependence of nanoscale dynamic processes measured in living millipedes by high resolution inelastic and elastic neutron scattering
Authors: Mamontov Eugene , Osti Naresh C. , Tyagi Madhusudan
Published: August 2019

We have used high energy-resolution neutron scattering to probe nanoscale dynamic processes in living millipedes (Narceus americanus). We have measured the temperature dependence of the intensity of scattered neutrons that do not exchange energy with the living samples on the 1.5 ns time scale, thereby excluding the signal from the highly mobile intra- and extra-cellular bulk-like aqueous constituents in the sample. This measured “elastic” scattering intensity exhibits a non-monotonic temperature dependence, with a noticeable systematic decrease detected between 295 and 303 K on warming up from 283 to 310 K. This decrease demonstrates an excellent inverse correlation with the non-monotonic, as a function of temperature, increase in the slow diffusivity previously observed in planarian flatworms and housefly larvae. This correlation suggests the existence of a biological mechanism, possibly common between different classes (Insects and Myriapods) and even phyla (Arthropods and Platyhelminthes), that dampens the slow nanoscopic dynamics in ectothermic organisms in response to the temperature of the environment exceeding the physiologically optimal range.
Change of Deformation Mechanisms Leading to High Strength and Large Ductility in Mg-Zn-Zr-Ca Alloy with Fully Recrystallized Ultrafine Grained Microstructures
Authors: Zheng Ruixiao , Bhattacharjee Tilak , Gao Si , Gong Wu , Shibata Akinobu , Sasaki Taisuke , Hono Kazuhiro , Tsuji Nobuhiro
Published: August 2019

Recently, we have found that fully recrystallized ultrafine-grained (UFG) microstructures could be realized in a commercial precipitation-hardened Magnesium (Mg) alloy. The UFG specimens exhibited high strength and large ductility under tensile test, but underlying mechanisms for good mechanical properties remained unclear. In this study, we have carried out systematic observations of deformation microstructures for revealing the influence of grain size on the change of dominant deformation modes. We found that plastic deformation of conventionally coarse-grained specimen was predominated by {0001} <11–20> slip and {10–12} <10–11> twinning, and the quick decrease of work-hardening rate was mainly due to the early saturation of deformation twins. For the UFG specimens, {10–12} <10–11> twinning was dramatically suppressed, while non-basal slip systems containing  component of Burgers vector were activated, which contributed significantly to the enhanced work-hardening rate leading to high strength and large ductility. It was clarified by this study that limited ductility of hexagonal Mg alloys could be overcome by activating unusual slip systems ( dislocations) in fully recrystallized UFG microstructures.
Telescopic synthesis of cellulose nanofibrils with a stable dispersion of Fe(0) nanoparticles for synergistic removal of 5-fluorouracil
Authors: Sajab Mohd Shaiful , Mohan Denesh , Santanaraj Jude , Chia Chin Hua , Kaco Hatika , Harun Shuhaida , Kamarudin Nur Hidayatul Nazirah
Published: August 2019

The recognition of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) in the past years as a high prospect material has been prominent, but the impractical cellulose extraction method from biomass remained as a technological barrier for industrial practice. In this study, the telescopic approach on the fractionation of lignin and cellulose was performed by organosolv extraction and catalytic oxidation from oil palm empty fruit bunch fibers. The integration of these techniques managed to synthesize CNF in a short time. Aside from the size, the zeta potential of CNF was measured at −41.9 mV, which allow higher stability of the cellulose in water suspension. The stability of CNF facilitated a better dispersion of Fe(0) nanoparticles with the average diameter size of 52.3–73.24 nm through the formulation of CNF/Fe(0). The total uptake capacity of CNF towards 5-fluorouracil was calculated at 0.123 mg/g. While the synergistic reactions of adsorption-oxidation were significantly improved the removal efficacy three to four times greater even at a high concentration of 5-fluorouracil. Alternatively, the sludge generation after the oxidation reaction was completely managed by the encapsulation of Fe(0) nanoparticles in regenerated cellulose.
The in vivo fate of 225Ac daughter nuclides using polymersomes as a model carrier
Authors: Kruijff R. M. de , Raavé R. , Kip A. , Molkenboer-Kuenen J. , Morgenstern A. , Bruchertseifer F. , Heskamp S. , Denkova A. G.
Published: August 2019

Increasing attention is given to personalized tumour therapy, where α-emitters can potentially play an important role. Alpha particles are ideal for localized cell killing because of their high linear energy transfer and short ranges. However, upon the emission of an α particle the daughter nuclide experiences a recoil energy large enough to ensure decoupling from any chemical bond. These ‘free’ daughter nuclides are no longer targeted to the tumour and can accumulate in normal tissue. In this paper, we used polymersomes as model carrier to evaluate the retention of recoiling daughters of225Acin vivo, and assessed their suitability as therapeutic agents. Vesicles containing225Ac were injected intravenously in healthy mice, and intratumourally in tumour-bearing mice, and the relocation of free213Bi was assessed in different organs upon the injection [225Ac]Ac-polymersomes. The therapeutic effect of225Ac-containing vesicles was studied upon intratumoural injection, where treatment groups experienced no tumour-related deaths over a 115 day period. While polymersomes containing225Ac could be suitable agents for long-term irradiation of tumours without causing significant renal toxicity, there is still a significant re-distribution of daughter nuclides throughout the body, signifying the importance of careful evaluation of the effect of daughter nuclides in targeted alpha therapy.
Bioapplications of DNA nanotechnology at the solid–liquid interface
Authors: Wang Wenjing , Yu Sha , Huang Shan , Bi Sai , Han Heyou , Zhang Jian-Rong , Lu Yi , Zhu Jun-Jie
Published: August 2019

This review provides an insight into the bioapplications of DNA nanotechnology at the solid–liquid interfaces, including flat interfaces, nanoparticle interfaces and soft interfaces.
High-throughput quantitation of bovine milk proteins and discrimination of commercial milk types by external cavity-quantum cascade laser spectroscopy and chemometrics
Authors: Montemurro Milagros , Schwaighofer Andreas , Schmidt Anatol , Culzoni María J. , Mayer Helmut K. , Lendl Bernhard
Published: August 2019

Mid-infrared (IR) external cavity-quantum cascade laser (EC-QCL) spectroscopy combined with partial least square modeling (PLS) enables quantitation of bovine milk proteins and discrimination of commercial milk types.
Dual function of carbon tetrachloride: synthesis of chlorinated heterocycles
Authors: Kumar Shiv , Saunthwal Rakesh K. , Saini Kapil M. , Verma Akhilesh K.
Published: August 2019

An efficient tandem approach to invent highly chlorinated and structurally diversified dihydropyridine fused heterocycles from ortho-alkynylaldehydes and primary amines under metal-free conditions via four sequential bond formations is described.
The chiral amine triggered self-assembly of achiral emissive molecules into circularly polarized luminescent supramolecular assemblies
Authors: Sang Yutao , Yang Dong , Duan Pengfei , Liu Minghua
Published: August 2019

Enantiomeric diaminocyclohexane was found to trigger the self-assembly of achiral monomers into chiral supramolecular assemblies with strong circularly polarized luminescence.
Interactions between acyclic CB[n]-type receptors and nitrated explosive materials
Authors: Liu Wenjin , Ai Hui , Meng Zihui , Isaacs Lyle , Xu Zhibin , Xue Min , Yan Qiaoli
Published: August 2019

This communication studies the binding properties of acyclic CB[n]-type receptors toward nitrated explosive materials.
Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheet-confined Pt nanoparticles efficiently catalyze dye-sensitized photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Min Shixiong , Xue Yuan , Wang Fang , Zhang Zhengguo , Zhu Haitao
Published: August 2019

In situ grown Pt NPs on Ti3C2Tx NSs show ∼30 times higher H2 evolution activity than free Pt NPs and an AQY of 5.81% at 520 nm in an ErB–TEOA system.
Small triiminopyrrolic molecular cage with high affinity and selectivity for fluoride
Authors: Han Hye Jin , Oh Ju Hyun , Sessler Jonathan L. , Kim Sung Kuk
Published: August 2019

A small molecular cage (4) with high affinity and complete selectivity for fluoride to the limit of detection over other competing small anions was synthesized.
A newly designed heterodiene and its application to construct six-membered heterocycles containing an N–O bond
Authors: Ji Wenzhi , Li Chen-Long , Chen Hui , Yu Zhi-Xiang , Liao Xuebin
Published: August 2019

A new type of zwitterionic nitrosoalkene generated in situ from dehydrohalogenation of α-halo-N-alkylhydroxamic acids was designed.
Coordination promiscuity guarantees metal substrate selection in transmembrane primary-active Zn2+ pumps
Authors: Gallenito Marc J. , Irvine Gordon W. , Zhang Limei , Meloni Gabriele
Published: August 2019

Atomic resolution characterization of a transmembrane Zn2+/Cd2+/Hg2+/Pb2+ P-type ATPase pump (ZntA) reveals the coordination chemistry principles underlying its promiscuous metal substrate selectivity.
Size and crystallinity control of dispersed VO2 particles for modulation of metal–insulator transition temperature and hysteresis
Authors: Zeng Wen , Lai Haojie , Chen Tianyin , Lu Yueheng , Liang Zhihong , Shi Tingting , Chen Ke , Liu Pengyi , Xie Fangyan , Chen Jian , Xu Jianbin , Chen Qiulan , Xie Weiguang
Published: August 2019

Growth mechanism of VO2 particles with size dependent crystallinity: a solid-state dewetting and pyrolysis synergistic effect. Crystallinity, strain and defects optimize and modulate the MIT behavior of VO2 particles.
Electronic structure of CsPbBr3−xClx perovskites: synthesis, experimental characterization, and DFT simulations
Authors: Liashenko Tatiana G. , Cherotchenko Evgeniia D. , Pushkarev Anatoly P. , Pakštas Vidas , Naujokaitis Arnas , Khubezhov Soslan A. , Polozkov Roman G. , Agapev Kirill B. , Zakhidov Anvar A. , Shelykh Ivan A. , Makarov Sergey V.
Published: August 2019

Cesium lead mixed-halide perovskite thin films were fabricated by using a chemical vapor anion exchange procedure. Optical and structural properties of the materials obtained were studied comprehensively.
Halide anion discrimination by a tripodal hydroxylamine ligand in gas and condensed phases
Authors: Cheisson Thibault , Jian Jiwen , Su Jing , Eaton Teresa M. , Gau Michael R. , Carroll Patrick J. , Batista Enrique R. , Yang Ping , Gibson John K. , Schelter Eric J.
Published: August 2019

The binding of halide anions with a tripodal hydroxylamine ligand studied in gas (mass spectrometry and DFT methods) and condensed phases revealed notable agreement.
The chalcogen bond: can it be formed by oxygen?
Authors: Varadwaj Pradeep R. , Varadwaj Arpita , Marques Helder M. , MacDougall Preston J.
Published: August 2019

This study theoretically investigates the possibility of oxygen-centered chalcogen bonding in several complexes. Shown in the graph is such a bonding scenario formed between the electrophile on O in OF2and the nucleophile on O in H2CO.
Selective synthesis of 1,3-propanediol from glycidol over a carbon film encapsulated Co catalyst
Authors: Sun Yanyan , Cai Zhongshun , Li Xuewen , Chen Ping , Hou Zhaoyin
Published: August 2019

A carbon film encapsulated Co NP catalyst (Co@NC) was highly active, selective and stable for the hydrogenation of glycidol to 1,3-PDO.
The use of bicarbonate for microalgae cultivation and its carbon footprint analysis
Authors: Kim Ga-Yeong , Roh Kosan , Han Jong-In
Published: August 2019

A new bicarbonate-based microalgae cultivation system coupled with an electrochemical CO2absorption process to improve carbon utilization efficiency.
Quantification and biodegradability assessment of meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid adsorbed on iron oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Bemowsky S. , Rother A. , Willmann W. , Köser J. , Markiewicz M. , Dringen R. , Stolte S.
Published: August 2019

An analytical method was developed to quantify the amount of free and nanoparticle-bound dimercaptosuccinic acid to address the question whether or not the coating material is biodegradable.
A novel visible-light-driven ternary Ag@Ag2O/BiOCl Z-scheme photocatalyst with enhanced removal efficiency of RhB
Authors: Zhao Han , Liu Xiang , Dong Yuming , Li Hexing , Song Rui , Xia Yongmei , Wang Haijun
Published: August 2019

A Ag@Ag2O/BiOCl composite with Ag@Ag2O cocatalyst selectively anchored on {001} facets of BiOCl nanosheets exhibits excellent photodegradation performance.
A newly designed anthracene and isoindigo based polymer: synthesis, electrochemical characterization and biosensor applications
Authors: Soylemez Saniye , Goker Seza , Toppare Levent
Published: August 2019

A novel sensing platform based on a newly designed and synthesized polymer, poly[(E)-6-methyl-6′-(10-methylanthracen-9-yl)-1,1′-diundecyl-[3,3′-biindolinylidene]-2,2′-dione] (namely PIIDAnth), was fabricated and explored as a glucose amperometric biosensor.
Furrowed hole-transport layer using argon plasma in an inverted perovskite solar cell
Authors: Li Xiao-Mei , Wang Kai-li , Jiang Yu-Rong , Yang Ying-Guo , Gao Xing-Yu , Ma Heng
Published: August 2019

In this study, a novel process was found to be effective using the argon-plasma treatment, in which the ion cluster was used to scour the PEDOT:PSS surface instead of the traditional bombardment method. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of the device reaches 14.8%.
Aurivillius Bi7Fe3−xNixTi3O21 nanostructures as recyclable photocatalysts
Authors: Xie Xi , Sun Hui , Xu Zirou , Wang Minggui , Chen Xiaobing , Han Jie
Published: August 2019

Multiferroic Bi7Fe3−xNixTi3O21 nanosheets have been prepared, where the substitution of Ni for Fe leads to improved ferromagnetism and photocatalytic performance.
A dual functional fluorescent sensor for the detection of Al3+ and Zn2+ in different solvents
Authors: Xu Yuankang , Wang Hanyu , Zhao Jinyan , Yang Xiaofeng , Pei Meishan , Zhang Guangyou , Zhang Yanxia
Published: August 2019

A new fluorescent sensor, X, was designed and synthesized based on imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole and 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde, which could be used to detect Al3+ in methanol buffer solution and detect Zn2+ in ethanol buffer solution, respectively.
On site determination of free chlorine in water samples by a smartphone-based colorimetric device with improved sensitivity and reliability
Authors: Shang Jian , Yu Lei , Sun Yan , Chen Xiaolan , Kang Qi , Shen Dazhong
Published: August 2019

Absorbance in a long-path portable colorimetric device was measured by a ratiometric fluorescent strategy in a smartphone platform.
Ligase chain reaction-based electrochemical biosensor for the ultrasensitive and specific detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms
Authors: Zhang Wancun , Hu Fang , Zhang Xianwei , Meng Wei , Zhang Yaodong , Song Yinsen , Wang Huanmin , Wang Peng , Gu Yueqing
Published: August 2019

In this study, a sensitive electrochemical biosensor for universally, robustly, specifically, and sensitively detecting SNPs was developed by using LCR as a signal amplification strategy.
Multi-stimuli responsive trigger for temporally controlled depolymerization of self-immolative polymers
Authors: Nichol Meghan F. , Clark Kyle D. , Dolinski Neil D. , Read de Alaniz Javier
Published: August 2019

The design and development of a multi-stimuli trigger enables temporal control over trigger cleavage and subsequent depolymerization of self-immolative polymer.
Self-assembly of amphiphilic block pendant polymers as microphase separation materials and folded flower micelles
Authors: Matsumoto Mayuko , Takenaka Mikihito , Sawamoto Mitsuo , Terashima Takaya
Published: August 2019

Herein, we created amphiphilic polymers bearing hydrophilic/hydrophobic block pendants as a new class of self-assembled materials for microphase separation in the solid state and folded flower micelles in water.
Charge transport and extraction of PTB7:PC71BM organic solar cells: effect of film thickness and thermal-annealing
Authors: Zhang Yingying , Li Xiong , Dai Tingting , Xu Denghui , Xi Jianfeng , Chen Xiaobai
Published: August 2019

Charge carrier transport in the active layer and charge extraction at the electrode have significant impact on the performance of solar cells.
Nitrogen-doped fluorescent carbon dots used for the imaging and tracing of different cancer cells
Authors: Yan Tinghua , Zhong Wang , Yu Ruiming , Yi Gao , Liu Zeping , Liu Lihong , Wang Xinxing , Jiang Jinhua
Published: August 2019

Here, we report the synthesis of nitrogen-doped fluorescent carbon (C) dots using a one-pot hydrothermal method.
Continuous production of lignin nanoparticles using a microchannel reactor and its application in UV-shielding films
Authors: Ju Ting , Zhang Zhiliang , Li Yang , Miao Xinfeng , Ji Jianbing
Published: August 2019

A continuous production of spherical-like lignin nanoparticles with PVP/SDS as stabilizers via a microchannel reactor.
Enhancement in sustained friction and wear resistance of nanoporous aluminum oxide films obtained by controlled electrochemical oxidation process
Authors: Benea Lidia , Dumitrascu Valentin
Published: August 2019

The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the electrochemical parameters required in the anodic oxidation process on the friction and wear resistance of the obtained nanoporous aluminum oxide films.
An efficient process for the Cu(0)-mediated synthesis and subsequent chain extension of poly(methyl acrylate) macroinitiator
Authors: Shirali Zadeh Niloofar , Cooze Morgan J. , Barr Nathaniel R. , Hutchinson Robin A.
Published: August 2019

A process combining a continuous tubular and a semi-batch reactor is established as an efficient method for the synthesis of block copolymers.
Assembly of high-nuclearity Sn26, Sn34-oxo clusters: solvent strategies and inorganic Sn incorporation
Authors: Zhu Yu , Zhang Lei , Zhang Jian
Published: August 2019

Unprecedented tin-oxo clusters with record high-nuclearities and electrocatalytic CO2 reduction applications have been prepared via solvent dependent assembly strategies.
Modular supramolecular dimerization of optically tunable extended aryl viologens
Authors: Olesińska Magdalena , Wu Guanglu , Gómez-Coca Silvia , Antón-García Daniel , Szabó Istvan , Rosta Edina , Scherman Oren A.
Published: August 2019

Cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) mediated assembly of extended aryl viologens (EVs) into optically tunable dimers is reported for the first time.
Synthesis of γ-substituted carbonyl compounds from DMSO-mediated oxidation of enynamides: mechanistic insights and carbon- and hetero-functionalizations
Authors: Nguyen Quynh H. , Nguyen Nguyen H. , Kim Hanbyul , Shin Seunghoon
Published: August 2019

1,3-Enynamides underwent oxygenative coupling with carbon- and heteroatom nucleophiles with high remote selectivity. Kinetic analysis revealed a continuum mechanism between concerted SN2′′ and via a carbocation, depending on the nucleophiles used.
Switching the site-selectivity of C–H activation in aryl sulfonamides containing strongly coordinating N-heterocycles
Authors: Dong Yi , Zhang XuePeng , Chen Jiajing , Zou Wenxing , Lin Songwen , Xu Heng
Published: August 2019

Switching the site-selectivity of C–H activation in aryl sulfonamides containing strongly coordinating N-heterocycles was achieved using a RhIII-catalyst.
Photo-cleavable purification/protection handle assisted synthesis of giant modified proteins with tandem repeats
Authors: Liu Xueyi , Liu Jiazhi , Wu Zhichao , Chen Liangbiao , Wang Siyao , Wang Ping
Published: August 2019

A new N-terminal protection/purification handle (PPH), which contained a His6tag for purification and a photo-cleavable linker, facilitates the efficient synthesis of large proteins with tandem repeats.
Life-cycle production optimization of hydrocarbon fields: thermoeconomics perspective
Authors: Farajzadeh R. , Kahrobaei S. S. , de Zwart A. H. , Boersma D. M.
Published: August 2019

Life-cycle optimization of waterfloods leads to reduced CO2 emission and increased profit.
Durable superamphiphobic coatings from one-step electrostatic dusting
Authors: Zhang Youfa , Xiao Zhen , Liu Chengzhi , Yu Xinquan
Published: August 2019

Superamphiphobic coatings are fabricated via electrostatic dusting using modified silica particles and polymethyl methacrylate resin particles on conductive substrates (metal and conductive glass).
Supramolecular crosslinks enable PIC micelles with tuneable salt stability and diverse properties
Authors: Ma Mingke , Ahsan Bilal , Wang Jiahua , Wang Mingwei , Guo Xuhong , Cohen Stuart Martien A. , Wang Junyou
Published: August 2019

Creating cross-links on the building block allows to prepare PIC micelles with not only tuneable salt stability but also built-in functions.
Micropore-confined amorphous SnO2 subnanoclusters as robust anode materials for Na-ion capacitors
Authors: Niu Jin , Liang Jingjing , Gao Ang , Dou Meiling , Zhang Zhengping , Lu Xia , Wang Feng
Published: August 2019

Amorphous SnO2 subnanoclusters have been prepared by a controllable method and show superior performance as anode materials for Na-ion capacitors.
Luminous red novae: Stellar mergers or giant eruptions?
Authors: Pastorello A. , Mason E. , Taubenberger S. , Fraser M. , Cortini G. , Tomasella L. , Botticella M. T. , Elias-Rosa N. , Kotak R. , Smartt S. J. , Benetti S. , Cappellaro E. , Turatto M. , Tartaglia L. , Djorgovski S. G. , Drake A. J. , Berton M. , Briganti F. , Brimacombe J. , Bufano F. , Cai Y.-Z. , Chen S. , Christensen E. J. , Ciabattari F. , Congiu E. , Dimai A. , Inserra C. , Kankare E. , Magill L. , Maguire K. , Martinelli F. , Morales-Garoffolo A. , Ochner P. , Pignata G. , Reguitti A. , Sollerman J. , Spiro S. , Terreran G. , Wright D. E.
Published: August 2019

We present extensive datasets for a class of intermediate-luminosity optical transients known as luminous red novae. They show double-peaked light curves, with an initial rapid luminosity rise to a blue peak (at −13 to −15 mag), which is followed by a longer-duration red peak that sometimes is attenuated, resembling a plateau. The progenitors of three of them (NGC 4490−2011OT1, M 101−2015OT1, and SNhunt248), likely relatively massive blue to yellow stars, were also observed in a pre-eruptive stage when their luminosity was slowly increasing. Early spectra obtained during the first peak show a blue continuum with superposed prominent narrow Balmer lines, with P Cygni profiles. Lines of Fe II are also clearly observed, mostly in emission. During the second peak, the spectral continuum becomes much redder, Hα is barely detected, and a forest of narrow metal lines is observed in absorption. Very late-time spectra (∼6 months after blue peak) show an extremely red spectral continuum, peaking in the infrared (IR) domain. Hα is detected in pure emission at such late phases, along with broad absorption bands due to molecular overtones (such as TiO, VO). We discuss a few alternative scenarios for luminous red novae. Although major instabilities of single massive stars cannot be definitely ruled out, we favour a common envelope ejection in a close binary system, with possibly a final coalescence of the two stars. The similarity between luminous red novae and the outburst observed a few months before the explosion of the Type IIn SN 2011ht is also discussed.
Heat stress tolerance assayed in four wine-producing grapevine varieties using a cytogenetic approach
Authors: Carvalho Ana , Leal Fernanda , Matos Manuela , Lima-Brito José
Published: August 2019

The degree of tolerance to heat stress (HS) differs among grapevine varieties. HS affects the duration and the regularity of the cell cycle in plants. The cytogenetic studies in grapevine are scarce, and the consequences of HS in the mitosis are barely known. This work intends to evaluate the consequences of induced HS in the mitotic cell cycle and chromosomes of four wine-producing varieties: Touriga Franca (TF), Touriga Nacional (TN), Rabigato and Viosinho using a cytogenetic approach. HS (1h at 42 ºC) was induced in plants of the four grapevine varieties that grew in vitro for 11 months. Plants of the same varieties and with equal age were used as control (maintained in vitro at 25 ºC). Three plants per variety and treatment (control and HS) were analysed. After HS, root-tips were collected in all plants and immediately fixed to be used for the preparation of mitotic chromosome spreads. In total, 6,116 root-tip cells were scored. Among the 5,973 dividing cells, 24.33% showed different types of irregularities in all mitotic phases (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase). After HS, the mitotic index (MI) decreased in the varieties TF and Viosinho, and increased in TN and Rabigato, relatively to the control. However, the average values of MI did not show statistically significant differences (p ˃ 0.05) among varieties, treatments and for the variety x treatment interaction. The percentage of dividing cells with anomalies (%DCA) increased after HS in all varieties relatively to the control. The average values of %DCA presented statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) only between treatments. As far as we know, this work constitutes the first cytogenetic evaluation of the HS effects in the mitotic cell cycle and chromosomes of grapevine using meristematic cells of root-tips. TN has been considered tolerant to various abiotic stresses (drought and excessive heat and light) based on other methodologies. TF and Viosinho have been referred as tolerant to abiotic stress without deeper studies available, and till the development of our investigation, the sensibility of Rabigato was unknown. Among the varieties analysed in this work, Rabigato revealed to be the less tolerant to HS. This research can be useful for selection of grapevine clones more tolerant to HS for commercialization and for the improvement of the economic sustainability.
Prevention and Therapy of Preterm Birth. Guideline of the DGGG, OEGGG and SGGG (S2k Level, AWMF Registry Number 015/025, February 2019) – Part 2 with Recommendations on the Tertiary Prevention of Preterm Birth and the Management of Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes
Authors: Berger Richard , Abele Harald , Bahlmann Franz , Bedei Ivonne , Doubek Klaus , Felderhoff-Müser Ursula , Fluhr Herbert , Garnier Yves , Grylka-Baeschlin Susanne , Helmer Hanns , Herting Egbert , Hoopmann Markus , Hösli Irene , Hoyme Udo , Jendreizeck Alexandra , Krentel Harald , Kuon Ruben , Lütje Wolf , Mader Silke , Maul Holger , Mendling Werner , Mitschdörfer Barbara , Nicin Tatjana , Nothacker Monika , Olbertz Dirk , Rath Werner , Roll Claudia , Schlembach Dietmar , Schleußner Ekkehard , Schütz Florian , Seifert-Klauss Vanadin , Steppat Susanne , Surbek Daniel
Published: August 2019

Aims This is an official guideline of the German Society for Gynecology and Obstetrics (DGGG), the Austrian Society for Gynecology and Obstetrics (ÖGGG) and the Swiss Society for Gynecology and Obstetrics (SGGG). The aim of this guideline is to improve the prediction, prevention and management of preterm birth based on evidence obtained from recently published scientific literature, the experience of the members of the guideline commission and the views of self-help groups.

Methods The members of the participating medical societies and organizations developed Recommendations and Statements based on the international literature. The Recommendations and Statements were adopted following a formal consensus process (structured consensus conference with neutral moderation, voting done in writing using the Delphi method to achieve consensus).

Recommendations Part 2 of this short version of the guideline presents Statements and Recommendations on the tertiary prevention of preterm birth and the management of preterm premature rupture of membranes.
Overcoming the Charged Ion Competition in Triple Quad Chemical Ionization Ion Source for Estimation of Celecoxib in Biological Matrix and its Application to Bioequivalence Study
Authors: Dubey Naveen Kr , Haq Kashif Ul , Fozdar Bharat I.
Published: August 2019

The purpose of the study was to develop and validate a sensitive, selective and reproducible method for the estimation of Celecoxib in human plasma. During the development, ion competition phenomenon observed in electrospray ionization ion source of liquid chromatography mass spectrometer system and in order to overcome it, different approaches applied. The Celecoxib and Celecoxib D7 in plasma were extracted by liquid-liquid extraction and separated in less than 4.0 min on a reverse phase C18 column, using isocratic elution with a binary mobile phase in the ratio of 70:30 v/v (Acetonitrile: 0.1% Ammonia Solution). Mass spectrometer was used as detector to quantitate the analytes in positive ion mode, using Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization mode. Since the method was developed to perform the pharmacokinetic end point study for United States and Europe market, the method was fully validated, complying Food and Drug Administration, European Medicines Agency guideline and recommendations of American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists white papers.
Convergent First Total Synthesis of Melovinone: A Densely Substituted 3-Methoxy-4-quinolone Isolated from Melochia tomentosa L.
Authors: Aguilar Abel A. Arroyo , Ledesma Gabriela N. , Tirloni Bárbara , Kaufman Teodoro S. , Larghi Enrique L.
Published: August 2019

The first total synthesis of melovinone, a nonrutaceous 3-methoxy-4-quinolone alkaloid isolated from Melochia tomentosa L., is reported. The target was acquired in a convergent fashion through the Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction between an ortho-nitrobenzoic acid acetonyl ester derivative prepared from vanillin and potassium 5-phenyl-1-pentyltrifluoroborate, obtained from β-phenethyl bromide. The coupling was followed by a chemoselective reduction of the nitro group and a microwave-assisted and AcOH-promoted cyclization with rearrangement of the resulting acetonyl anthranilate. This afforded a pseudane intermediate, which was selectively methylated on the 3-OH. The synthetic pathway enabled to reach the objective in 11 steps and 18% overall yield. The 1H NMR spectra of the synthetic and natural product were in full agreement.
De Novo Subtelomeric 6p25.3 Deletion with Duplication of 6q23.3-q27: Genotype–Phenotype Correlation
Authors: Atli Emine Ikbal , Gurkan Hakan , Atli Engin , Vatansever Ulfet , Acunas Betul , Mail Cisem
Published: August 2019

Duplications of 6q and deletions of 6p have been reported in more than 30 cases of live born infants and given rise to widespread abnormalities recognizable as a specific clinical syndrome. Different phenotypes have been described with variable clinical signs. Most cases involve the coexistence of unbalanced translocations affecting one or the other of the chromosomes. However, duplication of both chromosome 6q and deletion of 6p regions have been reported in only a few cases. Here, we report the first duplication of chromosome band 6q23.3–q27 with deletion of 6p25.3. This is the first case in the literature involving changes to these specific chromosomal regions; a medium size duplication of the distal long arm and smaller deletion of the terminal short arm of chromosome 6. In the literature, there are no other cases where these two specific chromosomal aberrations are observed together. Conventional chromosome analysis was performed to investigate the patient. Chromosome structure was identified using fluorescence in situ hybridization for subtelomeric regions of chromosome 6 and array comparative genomic hybridization analysis (array-CGH).
PHACE Syndrome: A Rare Case
Authors: Taslicay Ceylan Altintas , Dervisoglu Elmire , Ciftci Ercument , Corapcioglu Funda , Anik Yonca
Published: August 2019

PHACE syndrome (OMIM 606519) is a rare neurocutaneous vascular disorder, characterized by posterior fossa malformations, large cervicofacial infantile hemangiomas, arterial anomalies, aortic coarctation, cardiac abnormalities, and eye abnormalities. The long-term outcome of PHACE syndrome patients is unclear; however, it seems that they are at risk for childhood stroke. The radiologist has an important role on diagnosis of PHACE syndrome and in the assessment of potential complications. Investigation of infants with segmental craniofacial hemangiomas should include cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) of the cerebral and cervical arteries. Brain MRI and MRA findings of a 5-year-old female patient with PHACE syndrome are presented.
Innovative Krankenhausstrukturen: Stabile Stützen in Zeiten des Wandels
Authors: Dernedde Jutta
Published: August 2019

Der Fachkräftemangel im Gesundheitssystem ist überall greifbar. Krankenhäuser suchen intensiv nach Wegen, über die dringend benötigtes Personal für sie selbst wieder greifbar wird. Das bringt es mit sich, dass Krankenhaus-Entscheider sich mehr denn je mit der Frage beschäftigen (müssen), was eigentlich die Stärken ihres Unternehmens sind, wie man sie klug einsetzt und attraktiv mit ihnen wirbt. Wer heute noch nicht um die wenigen freien Fachkräfte kämpft, hat den Wettbewerb im Prinzip schon verloren.
Krankenhaus Rating Report 2019: Doppelter Weckruf
Authors: Kohrs Jens
Published: August 2019

Jedes achte Krankenhaus ist in erhöhter Insolvenzgefahr, jedes vierte schreibt Verluste – der Krankenhaus Rating Report 2019 malt nach Jahren der Erholung wieder ein dramatisches Bild. Die Autoren mahnen zum Umdenken und fordern vor allem neue Strukturen für die medizinische Versorgung.
Properties of global and exponential attractors for nonlinear thermo-diffusion Timoshenko system
Authors: Aouadi Moncef , Castejón Alberto
Published: August 2019

In this paper, we consider a new Timoshenko beam model with thermal and mass diffusion effects according to the Gurtin-Pinkin model. Heat and mass exchange with the environment during thermodiffusion in Timoshenko beam, depending on the past history of the temperature and the chemical potential gradients through memory kernels. We analyze the longtime properties for such a model with linear frictional damping and nonlinear source terms. We prove the global well-posedness of the system by using the C0-semigroup theory of linear operators. Then, we show, without assuming the well-known equal wave speeds condition, that the thermal and chemical potential coupling is strong enough to guarantee the quasistability. By showing that the system is gradient and asymptotically compact, we prove the existence of a global attractor with a finite fractal dimension and with a smoothness property. Furthermore, the existence of a fractal exponential attractor is also derived.
A THz driven split-ring resonator based ultrafast relativistic electron streak camera
Authors: Shen X. L. , Snively E. C. , Navarro J. Giner , Cesar D. , Musumeci P.
Published: August 2019

The use of sub-wavelength metal structures to locally enhance high frequency electromagnetic fields, generally known as plasmonics, enables breakthrough opportunities across diverse fields of research such as nonlinear optics, biosensing, photovoltaics and others. Here we study the application of sub-wavelength metallic resonators tuned in the THz frequency range for manipulation and diagnostics of relativistic electron beams. In this work, we report on the use of a double-sided split-ring structure driven by a near single cycle THz field generated by optical rectification to impart a time-dependent angular deviation (streak) on a 4.5 MeV electron beam. Electrons passing through the small gap reveal field enhancement factors larger than 10, in good agreement with finite difference time domain simulations. This work paves the way for further application of high frequency metallic structures in compact particle accelerators such as for THz-based relativistic electron streaking at fs and sub-fs temporal resolution.
A new energy spectrum reconstruction method for time-of-flight diagnostics of high-energy laser-driven protons
Authors: Milluzzo G. , Scuderi V. , Alejo A. , Amico A. G. , Booth N. , Borghesi M. , Cirrone G. A. P. , Cuttone G. , Doria D. , Green J. , Kar S. , Korn G. , Larosa G. , Leanza R. , Margarone D. , Martin P. , McKenna P. , Petringa G. , Pipek J. , Romagnani L. , Romano F. , Russo A. , Schillaci F.
Published: August 2019

The Time-of-Flight (TOF) technique coupled with semiconductorlike detectors, as silicon carbide and diamond, is one of the most promising diagnostic methods for high-energy, high repetition rate, laser-accelerated ions allowing a full on-line beam spectral characterization. A new analysis method for reconstructing the energy spectrum of high-energy laser-driven ion beams from TOF signals is hereby presented and discussed. The proposed method takes into account the detector’s working principle, through the accurate calculation of the energy loss in the detector active layer, using Monte Carlo simulations. The analysis method was validated against well-established diagnostics, such as the Thomson parabola spectrometer, during an experimental campaign carried out at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK) with the high-energy laser-driven protons accelerated by the VULCAN Petawatt laser.
Aspiration induced interdependence leads to optimal cooperation level
Authors: Geng Yini , Hu Kaipeng , Shen Chen , Shi Lei , Wang Zhen
Published: August 2019

How to couple different networks is a key issue in interdependent networks, where information sharing and payoff coupling are two frequently used methods. Unlike previous studies, in this paper, we propose a new coupling mode and test its performance in interdependent networks. Specifically, a player tends to seek additional support on another network only if his environment (defined as the proportion of holding different strategies in the neighborhood) is worse enough and exceeds an aspiration level. Conversely, it turns to the traditional version on single network if his environment is pleasing enough (the value of environment is small). Whether to establish additional support will directly influence the range of selecting fittest learning objects. As we can see from numerical results, moderate aspiration introduces diversity into the system and cooperation evolves with the support of network coupling. Besides, we also demonstrate that players with external links on the boundary of cooperative clusters protect internal cooperators and attract more players to cooperate under preferential selection rule.
Dynamics of perturbations at the critical points between modulation instability and stability regimes
Authors: Gao Peng , Duan Liang , Zhao Li-Chen , Yang Zhan-Ying , Yang Wen-Li
Published: August 2019

We study numerically the evolutions of perturbations at critical points between modulational instability and stability regimes. It is demonstrated that W-shaped solitons and rogue waves can be both excited from weak resonant perturbations at the critical points. The rogue wave excitation at the critical points indicates that rogue wave comes from modulation instability with resonant perturbations, even when the baseband modulational instability is absent. The perturbation differences for generating W-shaped solitons and rogue waves are discussed in detail. These results can be used to generate W-shaped solitons and rogue waves controllably from weak perturbations.
Effects of Coulomb coupling on stopping power and a link to macroscopic transport
Authors: Bernstein David J. , Baalrud Scott D. , Daligault Jérôme
Published: August 2019

Molecular dynamics simulations are used to assess the influence of Coulomb coupling on the energy evolution of charged projectiles in the classical one-component plasma. The average projectile kinetic energy is found to decrease linearly with time when να/ωp ≲ 10−2, where να is the Coulomb collision frequency between the projectile and the medium, and ωp is the plasma frequency. Stopping power is obtained from the slope of this curve. In comparison to the weakly coupled limit, strong Coulomb coupling causes the magnitude of the dimensionless stopping power, (a/kBT)dE/dx, to increase, the Bragg peak to shift to several times the plasma thermal speed, and for the stopping power curve to broaden substantially. The rate of change of the total projectile kinetic energy averaged over many independent simulations is shown to consist of two measurable components: a component associated with a one-dimensional friction force and a thermal energy exchange rate. In the limit of a slow and massive projectile, these can be related to the macroscopic transport rates of self-diffusion and temperature relaxation in the plasma. Simulation results are compared with available theoretical models for stopping power, self-diffusion, and temperature relaxation.
A hyperfine look at titanium dioxide
Authors: Schell J. , Zyabkin D. , Lupascu Doru C. , Hofsäss Hans-Christian , Karabasov M. O. , Welker A. , Schaaf P.
Published: August 2019

Titanium dioxide is a commonly used material in a wide range of applications, due to its low price, and the increasing demand for it in the food- and pharmaceutical industries, and for low- and high-tech applications. Time-differential perturbed angular correlation (TDPAC) and Mössbauer spectroscopy measurements have a local character and can provide important and new information on the hyperfine interactions in titanium dioxide. With the application of characterization techniques and radioactive beams, these methods have become very powerful, especially for the determination of temperature dependence of hyperfine parameters, even at elevated temperatures. Such measurements lead to a better understanding of lattice defects and irregularities, including local environments with low fractions of particular defect configurations that affect electric quadrupole interactions. At ISOLDE-CERN, physicists benefit from the many beams available for the investigation of new doping configurations in titanium dioxide. We report the annealing study of titanium dioxide by means of the time differential perturbed γ-γ angular correlation of 111mCd/111Cd in order to study the possible effects of vacancies in hyperfine parameters. This paper also provides an overview of TDPAC measurements and gives future perspectives.
Field-dependent charge transport in organic thin-film transistors: Impact of device structure and organic semiconductor microstructure
Authors: Anand Sajant , Goetz Katelyn P. , Lamport Zachary A. , Zeidell Andrew M. , Jurchescu Oana D.
Published: August 2019

Organic semiconductors are highly susceptible to defect formation, leading to electronic states in the gap—traps—which typically reduce the performance and stability of devices. To study these effects, we tuned the degree of charge trapping in organic thin-film transistors by modifying the film deposition procedures and device structure. The resulting charge carrier mobility varied between 10−3 and 10 cm2/V s in 2,8-difluoro-5,11-bis(triethylsilylethynyl)anthradithiophene. We analyzed the data using a Poole-Frenkel-like model and found a strong dependence of mobility on the field in low-mobility transistors and a field-independent mobility in high-performance devices. We confirmed the presence of traps in all films investigated in this study and concluded that the Poole-Frenkel model is not sufficiently sensitive to identify traps when their concentration is below the detection limit.