bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Video mirror feedback induces more extensive brain activation compared to the mirror box: an fNIRS study in healthy adults
Authors: Bonnal Julien , Ozsancak Canan , Prieur Fabrice , Auzou Pascal
Published: May 2024

Background

Mirror therapy (MT) has been shown to be effective for motor recovery of the upper limb after a stroke. The cerebral mechanisms of mirror therapy involve the precuneus, premotor cortex and primary motor cortex. Activation of the precuneus could be a marker of this effectiveness. MT has some limitations and video therapy (VT) tools are being developed to optimise MT. While the clinical superiority of these new tools remains to be demonstrated, comparing the cerebral mechanisms of these different modalities will provide a better understanding of the related neuroplasticity mechanisms.

Methods

Thirty-three right-handed healthy individuals were included in this study. Participants were equipped with a near-infrared spectroscopy headset covering the precuneus, the premotor cortex and the primary motor cortex of each hemisphere. Each participant performed 3 tasks: a MT task (right hand movement and left visual feedback), a VT task (left visual feedback only) and a control task (right hand movement only). Perception of illusion was rated for MT and VT by asking participants to rate the intensity using a visual analogue scale. The aim of this study was to compare brain activation during MT and VT. We also evaluated the correlation between the precuneus activation and the illusion quality of the visual mirrored feedback.

Results

We found a greater activation of the precuneus contralateral to the visual feedback during VT than during MT. We also showed that activation of primary motor cortex and premotor cortex contralateral to visual feedback was more extensive in VT than in MT. Illusion perception was not correlated with precuneus activation.

Conclusion

VT led to greater activation of a parieto-frontal network than MT. This could result from a greater focus on visual feedback and a reduction in interhemispheric inhibition in VT because of the absence of an associated motor task. These results suggest that VT could promote neuroplasticity mechanisms in people with brain lesions more efficiently than MT.

Clinical trial registration

NCT04738851.
The relationship between diabetes and the dementia risk: a meta-analysis
Authors: Cao Fang , Yang Fushuang , Li Jian , Guo Wei , Zhang Chongheng , Gao Fa , Sun Xinxin , Zhou Yi , Zhang Wenfeng
Published: May 2024

Background

The link between diabetes and dementia risk is not well understood. This study evaluates the factors linking diabetes to dementia onset, providing guidance for preventing dementia in diabetic patients.

Methods

This analysis utilized databases such as PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library to review literature from January 31, 2012, to March 5, 2023. Articles were rigorously assessed using specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to evaluate the quality of the studies. Data analysis was performed with STATA 15.0.

Results

The study analyzed 15 articles, covering 10,103,868 patients, with 8,821,516 diagnosed with diabetes. The meta-analysis reveals a substantial association between diabetes and an increased risk of dementia [RR: 1.59, 95%CI (1.40–1.80), P < 0.01, I²=96.4%]. A diabetes duration of less than five years is linked to a higher dementia risk [RR: 1.29, 95%CI (1.20–1.39), P < 0.01, I²=92.6%]. Additionally, hypoglycemia significantly raises dementia risk [RR: 1.56, 95%CI (1.13–2.16), P < 0.01, I²=51.5%]. Analyses of blood sugar control, glycated hemoglobin, and fasting blood sugar indicated no significant effects on the onset of dementia.

Conclusion

Diabetes notably increases dementia risk, particularly where diabetes duration is under five years or hypoglycemia is present.

Registration

The research protocol was registered with PROSPERO and assigned the registration number CRD42023394942.
Database comments on Telegram channels related to cryptocurrencies with sentiments
Authors: Jahanbin Kia , Chahooki Mohammad Ali Zare , Yazdian-Dehkordi Mahdi , Rahmanian Fereshte
Published: May 2024

Objectives

Due to the limitations of Twitter, the expansion of Telegram channels, and the Telegram API’s easy use, Telegram comments have become prevalent. Telegram is one of the most popular social networks, unlike Twitter, which has no restrictions on sending messages, and experts can share their opinions and media. Some of these channels, managed by influencers of large companies, are very influential in the behavior of the market on various stocks, including cryptocurrencies. In this research, the opinion collection of 10 famous Telegram channels regarding the analysis of cryptocurrencies has been extracted. The sentiments of these opinions have been analyzed using the HDRB model. HDRB is a hybrid model of RoBERTa deep neural network, BiGRU, and attention layer used for sentiment analysis (SA). Analyzing the sentiments of these opinions is very important for understanding the future behavior of the market and managing the stock portfolio. The opinions of this dataset, published by experts in the field of cryptocurrencies, are precious, unlike the opinions that are extracted only by using the hashtag of the names of cryptocurrencies. On the other hand, the dataset related to cryptocurrencies, which has the opinions of experts and the polarity of their feelings, is very rare.

Data description

The dataset of this research is the sentiments of more than ten popular Telegram channels regarding a wide range of cryptocurrencies. These comments were collected through the Telegram API from December 2023 to March 2024. This data set contains an Excel file containing the text of the comments, the date of comment creation, the number of views, the compound score, the sentiment score, and the type of sentiment polarity. These opinions cover influencer analysis on a wide range of cryptocurrencies. Also, two Word files, one containing the description of the dataset columns and the other Python code for extracting comments from Telegram channels, are included in this dataset.
How effective is nutrition training for staff running after school programs in improving quality of food purchased and meal practices? A program evaluation
Authors: Beinert Cecilie , Røed Margrethe , Vik Frøydis N.
Published: May 2024

Objectives / purpose

After school programs represents a setting for promoting healthy dietary habits. The aim of this study was to evaluate how effective the after school program staff perceived nutrition training aiming to improve quality of food purchased and meal practices. We further aimed to assess the changes in purchase of primarily fish and fish products, whole grains and fruit and vegetables, by collecting receipts from food purchase before and after the intervention.

Results

This is a mixed methods study. Group interviews with after school staff were carried out and the data was analyzed deductively according to the RE-AIM framework. Receipts from food purchase were collected. Findings from the qualitative interviews indicated that the intervention had been a positive experience for the staff and suggested a new way of working with promoting healthy foods in after school program units. Although there were some challenges reported, the staff made necessary adjustments to make the changes possible to sustain over time. Findings from the receipts support the changes reported by the staff. These showed increased purchase of vegetables, fish, and whole grain in all four after school program units. After school programs in similar settings may expand on these findings to improve the students’ dietary habits.
Use of digital media by adolescents for sexual and reproductive health and rights communication in sub-Saharan Africa: a protocol for systematic review
Authors: Ackah Josephine Akua , Esia-Donkoh Kobina , Amponsah Antoinette P. , Agbemavi Wonder , Bediako Vincent Bio , Tettey Gloria N. A.
Published: May 2024

Background

Within the sub-Saharan African region, there is a growing concern for sexual and reproductive health and rights communication, and more particularly, for adolescents. Given the existing barriers associated with face-to-face access, the need to use digital media to access information and services has become desirable and imperative, especially so due to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, in sub-Saharan Africa, a synthesis of evidence that informs adolescents’ digital media engagements for sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) communication is limited. This systematic review therefore aims to examine and synthesize evidence on use of digital media for sexual and reproductive health and rights communication by adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa.

Methods

A search for peer-reviewed articles will be conducted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, PsychINFO and Google Scholar with emphasis on those published between 2000 and 2023. Only observational and qualitative studies will be included. Quality assessment of included articles will be done using standardized checklists from the Joanna Briggs Institute. Both descriptive and narrative summaries will be used to appraise evidence from included studies.

Discussion

This review will be essential in providing information on the types of digital media adolescents use, the various SRHR issues they use this platform to address and their reasons for using it and associated challenges. It will also contribute to the advocacy for the inclusion of these technologies in the teaching and learning, provision of and access to SRHR information and services by teachers, public health providers and peer educators in the subregion.

Systematic review registration

PROSPERO CRD42020211491. This protocol follows the PRISMA-P guidelines for reporting systematic reviews.
Protocol for a scoping review study on learning plan use in undergraduate medical education
Authors: Romanova Anna , Touchie Claire , Ruller Sydney , Cole Victoria , Humphrey-Murto Susan
Published: May 2024

Background

The current paradigm of competency-based medical education and learner-centredness requires learners to take an active role in their training. However, deliberate and planned continual assessment and performance improvement is hindered by the fragmented nature of many medical training programs. Attempts to bridge this continuity gap between supervision and feedback through learner handover have been controversial. Learning plans are an alternate educational tool that helps trainees identify their learning needs and facilitate longitudinal assessment by providing supervisors with a roadmap of their goals. Informed by self-regulated learning theory, learning plans may be the answer to track trainees’ progress along their learning trajectory. The purpose of this study is to summarise the literature regarding learning plan use specifically in undergraduate medical education and explore the student’s role in all stages of learning plan development and implementation.

Methods

Following Arksey and O’Malley’s framework, a scoping review will be conducted to explore the use of learning plans in undergraduate medical education. Literature searches will be conducted using multiple databases by a librarian with expertise in scoping reviews. Through an iterative process, inclusion and exclusion criteria will be developed and a data extraction form refined. Data will be analysed using quantitative and qualitative content analyses.

Discussion

By summarising the literature on learning plan use in undergraduate medical education, this study aims to better understand how to support self-regulated learning in undergraduate medical education. The results from this project will inform future scholarly work in competency-based medical education at the undergraduate level and have implications for improving feedback and supporting learners at all levels of competence.

Scoping review registration:

Open Science Framework osf.io/wvzbx.
Recognizing online video genres using ensemble deep convolutional learning for digital media service management
Authors: Shao Yuwen , Guo Na
Published: May 2024

It's evident that streaming services increasingly seek to automate the generation of film genres, a factor profoundly shaping a film's structure and target audience. Integrating a hybrid convolutional network into service management emerges as a valuable technique for discerning various video formats. This innovative approach not only categorizes video content but also facilitates personalized recommendations, content filtering, and targeted advertising. Given the tendency of films to blend elements from multiple genres, there is a growing demand for a real-time video classification system integrated with social media networks. Leveraging deep learning, we introduce a novel architecture for identifying and categorizing video film genres. Our approach utilizes an ensemble gated recurrent unit (ensGRU) neural network, effectively analyzing motion, spatial information, and temporal relationships. Additionally,w we present a sophisticated deep neural network incorporating the recommended GRU for video genre classification. The adoption of a dual-model strategy allows the network to capture robust video representations, leading to exceptional performance in multi-class movie classification. Evaluations conducted on well-known datasets, such as the LMTD dataset, consistently demonstrate the high performance of the proposed GRU model. This integrated model effectively extracts and learns features related to motion, spatial location, and temporal dynamics. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the proposed technique is validated using an engine block assembly dataset. Following the implementation of the enhanced architecture, the movie genre categorization system exhibits substantial improvements on the LMTD dataset, outperforming advanced models while requiring less computing power. With an impressive F1 score of 0.9102 and an accuracy rate of 94.4%, the recommended model consistently delivers outstanding results. Comparative evaluations underscore the accuracy and effectiveness of our proposed model in accurately identifying and classifying video genres, effectively extracting contextual information from video descriptors. Additionally, by integrating edge processing capabilities, our system achieves optimal real-time video processing and analysis, further enhancing its performance and relevance in dynamic media environments.
Endotyping in ARDS: one step forward in precision medicine
Authors: Côté Andréanne , Lee Chel Hee , Metwaly Sayed M. , Doig Christopher J. , Andonegui Graciela , Yipp Bryan G. , Parhar Ken Kuljit S. , Winston Brent W.
Published: May 2024

Background

The Berlin definition of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) includes only clinical characteristics. Understanding unique patient pathobiology may allow personalized treatment. We aimed to define and describe ARDS phenotypes/endotypes combining clinical and pathophysiologic parameters from a Canadian ARDS cohort.

Methods

A cohort of adult ARDS patients from multiple sites in Calgary, Canada, had plasma cytokine levels and clinical parameters measured in the first 24 h of ICU admission. We used a latent class model (LCM) to group the patients into several ARDS subgroups and identified the features differentiating those subgroups. We then discuss the subgroup effect on 30 day mortality.

Results

The LCM suggested three subgroups (n1 = 64, n2 = 86, and n3 = 30), and 23 out of 69 features made these subgroups distinct. The top five discriminating features were IL-8, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-a, and serum lactate. Mortality distinctively varied between subgroups. Individual clinical characteristics within the subgroup associated with mortality included mean PaO2/FiO2 ratio, pneumonia, platelet count, and bicarbonate negatively associated with mortality, while lactate, creatinine, shock, chronic kidney disease, vasopressor/ionotropic use, low GCS at admission, and sepsis were positively associated. IL-8 and Apache II were individual markers strongly associated with mortality (Area Under the Curve = 0.84).

Perspective

ARDS subgrouping using biomarkers and clinical characteristics is useful for categorizing a heterogeneous condition into several homogenous patient groups. This study found three ARDS subgroups using LCM; each subgroup has a different level of mortality. This model may also apply to developing further trial design, prognostication, and treatment selection.
CAR T cells outperform CAR NK cells in CAR-mediated effector functions in head-to-head comparison
Authors: Egli Lukas , Kaulfuss Meike , Mietz Juliane , Picozzi Arianna , Verhoeyen Els , Münz Christian , Chijioke Obinna
Published: May 2024

Background

CAR NK cells as vehicles for engineered “off-the-shelf” cellular cancer immunotherapy have attracted significant interest. Nonetheless, a comprehensive comparative assessment of the anticancer activity of CAR T cells and CAR NK cells carrying approved benchmark anti-CD19 CAR constructs is missing. Here, we report a direct head-to-head comparison of CD19-directed human T and NK cells.

Methods

We generated CAR T and CAR NK cells derived from healthy donor PBMC by retroviral transduction with the same benchmark second-generation anti-CD19 CAR construct, FMC63.28z. We investigated IFN-γ secretion and direct cytotoxicity in vitro against various CD19+ cancer cell lines as well as in autologous versus allogeneic settings. Furthermore, we have assessed anticancer activity of CAR T and CAR NK cells in vivo using a xenograft lymphoma model in an autologous versus allogeneic setting and a leukemia model.

Results

Our main findings are a drastically reduced capacity for CAR-mediated IFN-γ production and lower CAR-mediated cytotoxicity of CAR NK cells relative to CAR T cells in vitro. Consistent with these in vitro findings, we report superior anticancer activity of autologous CAR T cells compared with allogeneic CAR NK cells in vivo.

Conclusions

CAR T cells had significantly higher CAR-mediated effector functions than CAR NK cells in vitro against several cancer cell lines and autologous CAR T cells outperformed allogeneic CAR NK cells both in vitro and in vivo. CAR NK cells will likely benefit from further engineering to enhance anticancer activity to ultimately fulfill the promise of an effective off-the-shelf product.
Dietary fibre supplementation enhances radiotherapy tumour control and alleviates intestinal radiation toxicity
Authors: Then Chee Kin , Paillas Salome , Moomin Aliu , Misheva Mariya D. , Moir Rachel A. , Hay Susan M. , Bremner David , Roberts Kristine S. , Smith Ellen E. , Heidari Zeynab , Sescu Daniel , Wang Xuedan , Suárez-Bonnet Alejandro , Hay Nadine , Murdoch Sarah L. , Saito Ryoichi , Collie-Duguid Elaina S. R. , Richardson Shirley , Priestnall Simon L. , Wilson Joan M. , Gurumurthy Mahalakshmi , Royle Justine S. , Samuel Leslie M. , Ramsay George , Vallis Katherine A. , Foster Kevin R. , McCullagh James S. O. , Kiltie Anne E.
Published: May 2024

Background

Non-toxic approaches to enhance radiotherapy outcomes are beneficial, particularly in ageing populations. Based on preclinical findings showing that high-fibre diets sensitised bladder tumours to irradiation by modifying the gut microbiota, along with clinical evidence of prebiotics enhancing anti-cancer immunity, we hypothesised that dietary fibre and its gut microbiota modification can radiosensitise tumours via secretion of metabolites and/or immunomodulation. We investigated the efficacy of high-fibre diets combined with irradiation in immunoproficient C57BL/6 mice bearing bladder cancer flank allografts.

Result

Psyllium plus inulin significantly decreased tumour size and delayed tumour growth following irradiation compared to 0.2% cellulose and raised intratumoural CD8+ cells. Post-irradiation, tumour control positively correlated with Lachnospiraceae family abundance. Psyllium plus resistant starch radiosensitised the tumours, positively correlating with Bacteroides genus abundance and increased caecal isoferulic acid levels, associated with a favourable response in terms of tumour control. Psyllium plus inulin mitigated the acute radiation injury caused by 14 Gy. Psyllium plus inulin increased caecal acetate, butyrate and propionate levels, and psyllium alone and psyllium plus resistant starch increased acetate levels. Human gut microbiota profiles at the phylum level were generally more like mouse 0.2% cellulose profiles than high fibre profiles.

Conclusion

These supplements may be useful in combination with radiotherapy in patients with pelvic malignancy.
Pulling the lever in a hurry: the influence of impulsivity and sensitivity to reward on moral decision-making under time pressure
Authors: Del Popolo Cristaldi Fiorella , Palmiotti Grazia Pia , Cellini Nicola , Sarlo Michela
Published: May 2024

Background

Making timely moral decisions can save a life. However, literature on how moral decisions are made under time pressure reports conflicting results. Moreover, it is unclear whether and how moral choices under time pressure may be influenced by personality traits like impulsivity and sensitivity to reward and punishment.

Methods

To address these gaps, in this study we employed a moral dilemma task, manipulating decision time between participants: one group (N = 25) was subjected to time pressure (TP), with 8 s maximum time for response (including the reading time), the other (N = 28) was left free to take all the time to respond (noTP). We measured type of choice (utilitarian vs. non-utilitarian), decision times, self-reported unpleasantness and arousal during decision-making, and participants’ impulsivity and BIS-BAS sensitivity.

Results

We found no group effect on the type of choice, suggesting that time pressure per se did not influence moral decisions. However, impulsivity affected the impact of time pressure, in that individuals with higher cognitive instability showed slower response times under no time constraint. In addition, higher sensitivity to reward predicted a higher proportion of utilitarian choices regardless of the time available for decision.

Conclusions

Results are discussed within the dual-process theory of moral judgement, revealing that the impact of time pressure on moral decision-making might be more complex and multifaceted than expected, potentially interacting with a specific facet of attentional impulsivity.
Blood smears examination and prevalence of malaria in Addis Zemen Town, Northwest Ethiopia (2013–2021): a retrospective study
Authors: Adugna Tilahun , Zelalem Lamesgin , Alelign Gedafaw
Published: May 2024

Introduction

In Ethiopia, malaria is one of the major public health and socioeconomic problems, though tremendous efforts have been made. Currently, the country has a plan to eliminate malaria by 2030. To achieve this plan, epidemiological studies associated with malaria prevalence with gender, age groups, species types, and seasons are essential. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of malaria from 2013 to 2021 in Addis Zemen town, Northwest Ethiopia.

Methods

A retrospective study was conducted at assess the trend of malaria prevalence over the last nine years using recorded blood smear reports in the laboratory logbook from governmental health institutions. Trends in malaria cases and the proportion of genders, age groups, species, and seasons over time were compared. The data were analyzed using the SPSS-23 software package.

Results

The overall malaria prevalence between 2013 and 2021 was 10.4%. From all confirmed cases, the minimum and maximum prevalence of malaria cases were recorded in 2018 (2%) and 2016 (33.2%) years, respectively. The infectious rate of males (59.3%) was significantly higher than that of females (40.7%) (p < 0.0001). In all survey periods, all age groups were infected by malaria parasites; the majority of the cases were between 15 and 45 years (57%) older than others. Statistically, a greater proportion of P. falciparum (80.1%) was recorded than P. vivax (18.5%) (p < 0.0001). Malaria cases were occurring throughout each month. The relative highest peaks of total malaria cases were observed during the months of September, October, and November. Seasonally, the highest infection rate was observed during spring (40.20%) compared to other seasons.

Conclusions

In conclusion, the study revealed that malaria transmission remained high, which affected males more than females and potentially reproductive ages. Two of the most important Plasmodium species were identified and found during all reviewed months and years, though P. falciparum was the most prevalent. Hence, the problem can be alleviated by using season-based long-lasting insecticide treated nets, regularly overseeing ongoing irrigation activity, overseeing the reduction of the water level of the Sheni River, health education, and providing immediate patient treatment.
Unveiling the retinal secrets of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder
Authors: Ashour Amal S. , El Serafy Omar , El Fayoumy Nervana Mohamed , Hassan Amr , El Gendy Nehal Samy , Heikal Eman Salah , Ahmed Hadeel , Al-Azayem Salsabil Abo
Published: May 2024

Background

Vascular alterations are now recognized as important contributors to the pathophysiology of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). This study aimed to use optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT-angiography (OCTA) to assess alterations in the retinal structure and microvasculature in patients with NMOSD, so we can understand pathophysiology of NMOSD, implicating this on disease activity, visual outcome and management on the future.

Methods

A case–control study was conducted on 40 NMOSD patients with (NMOSD + ON) and without (NMOSD – ON) history of optic neuritis and 36 healthy subjects. The following data were assessed in NMOSD patients: clinical history, EDSS, and visual function testing. Both groups underwent spectral domain (SD)-OCT and OCTA.

Results

In this study, NMOSD + ON patients had a statistically significant reduction in all SD-OCT parameters compared to healthy control. Regarding OCTA, there was a significant reduction in radial peripapillary capillary density (RPCD) in NMOSD + ON (P-value < 0.001) and some sectors of NMOSD–ON compared to healthy control. NMOSD + ON patients had significant differences in RPCD compared to those without (P-value < 0.001).

Conclusions

Here we show that the advance of this study is that retinal microvascular alterations have been noticed in NMOSD–ON eyes, indicating that subclinical primary retinal vasculopathy and disease activity may occur in NMOSD before onset of ON and retinal atrophy. This may have implications on early detection of disease activity, early interference in management and prognostic tool to visual outcome in following the patients.
Abordagens e soluções para adaptação climática nas empresas
Authors: Batista Deborah Câmara , Delgado Jorge Juan Soto
Published: May 2024

Não há mais como deixar de olhar para os riscos crescentes da mudança do clima para o setor privado, que deve buscar se prevenir de perdas e minimizar impactos
Capacidades dinâmicas: o caminho para o crescimento de pequenas e médias empresas
Authors: Vassimon Rodrigo
Published: May 2024

Como melhorar os resultados dos planos de expansão de PMEs por meio da gestão de capacidades dinâmicas.
Prevalência de anomalias dentárias e outros achados orais em radiografias panorâmicas de brasileiros com fissura labiopalatal
Authors: Silva Sara Maria , Penin Silva Letícia , Braga Moura Agnes , Goberlânio de Barros Silva Paulo , Ferreira da Cunha Filho José , Machado de Sousa Ana Cely , Rodrigues Ribeiro Thyciana
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: avaliar a prevalência de anomalias dentárias (AD) e outros achados orais em radiografias panorâmicas de pacientes com fissuras labiopalatais (FLP) nascidos no Nordeste brasileiro. Métodos: a amostra foi composta por 69 pacientes com fissuras labiopalatais unilateral (FLPu) (n = 51) e bilateral (FLPb) (n = 18), não sindrômicos, de ambos os sexos, idade de 6 a 17 anos, nascidos no Nordeste brasileiro. Foram analisados prontuários e radiografias panorâmicas de pacientes atendidos de janeiro/2020 a julho/2022. Os dados categóricos foram expressos em forma de frequência absoluta e percentual e comparados por teste exato de Fisher ou qui-quadrado de Pearson (SPSS, p < 0,05). Resultados: entre os achados orais, destacaram-se as anomalias de número e as ausências dentárias por trauma, cárie ou doença periodontal. As AD foram identificadas em 34 pacientes (49,3%). As anomalias de número apresentaram maior prevalência, com diferença estatística significativa para pacientes FLPb do sexo masculino (p = 0,047). A agenesia foi a AD mais frequente (n = 24; 34,8%). As ausências dentárias por trauma, cárie ou doença periodontal foram observadas em 44 pacientes (n = 63,8%), com uma diferença estatística significativa entre os grupos FLPu e FLPb (p = 0,018). Conclusões: as AD e as ausências dentárias por trauma, cárie ou doença periodontal apresentaram uma alta prevalência entre pacientes brasileiros com FLP e devem ser consideradas durante o planejamento ortodôntico-cirúrgico desses indivíduos.
Wprowadzenie
Authors: Sulik Monika
Published: May 2024

Gdybym po lekturze oddawanego właśnie w ręce Czytelniczek i Czytelników numeru „Edukacji Dorosłych” została postawiona przed zadaniem opisania współczesnego świata w kilku najbardziej sugestywnych określeniach, to w szkicu tym nie mogłoby zabraknąć takich określeń jak wielokulturowość, wielopokoleniowość, wieloznaczność i wieloaspektowość. Nie sposób nie zauważyć, że problematyka podjęta w prezentowanym tomie „Edukacji Dorosłych” niczym lustro odzwierciedla palące problemy, ale i wyzwania oraz nadzieje współczesności przez pryzmat edukacji dorosłych właśnie. A współczesność jawi się nam w tym odbiciu jak wielobarwny kolaż doświadczeń biograficznych bądź wielowarstwowy patchwork utkany z coraz większej ilości pytań i wątpliwości. Przejmująco aktualne w tym kontekście stają się słowa Olgi Tokarczuk wygłoszone już cztery lata temu podczas przemowy noblowskiej: Świat jest tkaniną, którą przędziemy codziennie na wielkich krosnach informacji, dyskusji, filmów, książek, plotek, anegdot. Dziś zasięg pracy tych krosien jest ogromny – za sprawą Internetu prawie każdy może brać udział w tym procesie, odpowiedzialnie i nieodpowiedzialnie, z miłością i nienawiścią, ku dobru i ku złu, dla życia i dla śmierci. Kiedy zmienia się ta opowieść – zmienia się świat. W tym sensie świat jest stworzony ze słów. To, jak myślimy o świecie i – co chyba ważniejsze – jak o nim opowiadamy, ma więc olbrzymie znaczenie. Coś, co się wydarza, a nie zostaje opowiedziane, przestaje istnieć i umiera.
To właśnie dzięki Autorkom i Autorom tekstów zawartych w prezentowanym tomie „Edukacji Dorosłych” mamy okazję „usłyszeć” głosy na temat problemów, wyzwań i nadziei współczesności, które opowiedziane są w sposób kompetentny i merytoryczny, a jednocześnie zapraszający do dalszej dyskusji. Zatem dzięki przestrzeni, jaką daje „Edukacja Dorosłych”, mamy okazję doświadczyć życiodajności języka, a co za tym idzie – możemy „zmieniać świat”.
Zaspokajanie potrzeb seniorów poprzez udział w Uniwersytetach Trzeciego Wieku – analiza opowieści.
Authors: Szplit Agnieszka , Garbat Anita , Miszczuk Renata
Published: May 2024

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie sposobów realizacji potrzeb seniorów i seniorek uczestniczących w działaniach Świętokrzyskiego Klastra Uniwersytetów Trzeciego Wieku (UTW). Członkowie zrzeszeni w klastrze mają możliwość uczestniczenia w różnych aktywnościach fizycznych i intelektualnych, które zaspokajają wiele z ich „milczących potrzeb”. Prowadzone rozważania wykorzystują wyniki ankiety przeprowadzonej wśród 250 osób oraz opowieści seniorów pogrupowane według ujawnionych w ankietach potrzeb zaspokajanych przez udział w UTW. Opowieści ukazują seniorów jako osoby pragnące szeroko pojętej integracji, ale i autonomii; chcących być użytecznymi i szanowanymi członkami społeczności, ale jednocześnie wyrażających docenianie dla wysiłków i pracy innych osób. Bardzo istotną potrzebą, która jest zaspokajana w ramach klastra UTW, jest poczucie bezpieczeństwa, przynależności oraz satysfakcji życiowej.
Nasilenie depresyjności wśród studentów pedagogiki specjalnej a ich zasoby osobiste.
Authors: Duda Marlena
Published: May 2024

Studenci pedagogiki specjalnej jako przyszli wychowawcy i terapeuci są odpowiedzialni za wsparcie i prawidłowy rozwój swoich podopiecznych, stąd troska o ich sferę psychiczną wydaje się uzasadniona. Przedłużający się stres, ograniczenia, niepokój, stan niepewności co do najbliższej przyszłości oraz widmo bezpośredniego zagrożenia zdrowia i życia są istotnymi predyktorami obniżenia na- stroju i zaburzeń afektywnych, w tym depresji. Celem badań jest analiza związku pomiędzy wybranymi zasobami podmiotowymi a poziomem depresyjności w grupie studentów pedagogiki specjalnej. Wyniki wskazują, że tendencja do depresyjności i zaburzeń afektywnych występuje u osób o istotnie niższych zasobach podmiotowych, przy czym najsilniejsze związki dotyczą takich zasobów jak satysfakcja z życia i optymizm. Zaplanowane i przemyślane, długofalowe działania kształtujące wysoki poziom zasobów moją stanowić kluczową rolę w minimalizowaniu prawdo- podobieństwa występowania zaburzeń depresyjnych.
O specyfice semioforów Uniwersytetu Wiedeńskiego z perspektywy edukacji dla pokoju. Studium etnograficzne
Authors: Majchrzak-Ptak Kinga , Szostkiewicz Alicja
Published: May 2024

Materialne, tworzone intencjonalnie miejsca pamięci związane z przeszłością określonej zbiorowości stanowią nie tylko jeden z ele- mentów jej pamięci kulturowej, ale równocześnie współuczestniczą w procesie permanentnego (re)konstruowania tej pamięci poprzez stwarzanie warunków do uczenia się jej. Podążając za myślą Maurice’a Halbwachsa, można przyjąć, że indywidualne „akty pamięci” stanowiące budulec (auto) definicyjny są uzależnione od społecznie zinstytucjonalizowanych zasobów pamięci, wyselekcjonowanych przez grupy, do których należą określone jednostki. Dlatego uznać można, że prowadzenie poszukiwań dotyczących uczelnianych semioforów pozwala dokonać mappingu akademickiej pamięci zbiorowej, określić specyfikę zarówno jej, jak i instytucji, której tożsamości pamięć ta jest fundamentem i tworzywem, wyznaczając ramy myślenia i działania obcujących z nią podmiotów. Wobec tego przedmiotem opracowania są semiofory związane z przeszłością Uniwersytetu Wiedeńskiego, tj. skoncentrowano się na przedmiotach uznawanych w danej społeczności za nośniki znaczeń i wartości, łączących wymiar semiotyczny z wymiarem materialnym, a zatem obiektach, które z założenia pełnić mają rolę miejsc pamięci. Artykuł prezentuje wyniki osadzonych w schemacie etnograficznym badań, bazujących na analizie i interpretacji danych zgromadzonych dzięki m.in. (auto)obserwacji i przeszukiwaniu źródeł wtórnych, zogniskowanej wokół pytań: Jaka jest specyfika semioforów zlokalizowanych w przestrzeni Uniwersytetu Wiedeńskiego? Jakie znaczenia mają semiofory w architektonicznej, społecznej, kulturowej i dydaktycznej przestrzeni Uniwersytetu Wiedeńskiego w perspektywie założeń pedagogiki dla pokoju? Przeprowadzone poszukiwania pozwalają wnioskować, że Uniwersytet Wie- deński odznacza się odpowiedzialnym podejściem do upamiętniania swojej przeszłości oraz konstruowania ram pamięci zbiorowej, w których zachodzą określone procesy edukacyjne istotne dla praktykowania pokoju, ale także, że zbiór semioforów wiedeńskiej uczelni cechuje pewna homogeniczność zakresu upamiętnionych treści, co ma swoje implikacje edukacyjne. Skut- kuje bowiem barakiem optymalizacji w zakresie wykorzystania materialnej przestrzeni pamięci w realizacji celów wynikających z koncepcji edukacji dla pokoju.
Alicja Kargulowa, Poradnictwo od nowa. Emergencja i relacja rezonansu społecznego w dyskursie poradoznawczym. Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, 2023, ss. 330
Authors: Siarkiewicz Elżbieta
Published: May 2024

Przyjęcie przez Alicję Kargulową koncepcji emergencji analizowanej przez Roberta Poczobuta i relacji rezonansu społecznego opisanej przez Hartmuta Rosę (podtytuł recenzowanego dzieła) zdaje się odpowiadać nieco na zarysowane po- wyżej trudności i komplikacje, co zapowiada, a może co obiecuje Poradnictwo od nowa, pierwsza część tytułu recenzowanej książki. Przyjrzyjmy się zatem intencji Autorki i treści najnowszej poradoznawczej publikacji. We wstępie przeczytamy: „Nadając monografii tytuł Poradnictwo od nowa. Emergencja i relacja rezonansu społecznego w dyskursie poradoznawczym, miałam na myśli nie tyle nową po-radniczą praktykę, ile nowe spojrzenie na nią i otwarcie dyskursu, który uwypu- kla zmienność, niejednoznaczność i pozytywny charakter poradniczych działań. Podkreśli zarówno specyfikę ich powiązań, samoorganizację, jak i nieprzewidywalność ich pojawiania się i powodowanych skutków” (Wstęp, XXIII).
An Overview of Modern Strategies for Treating Obesity
Authors: Jędrasek Aleksandra , Barg Marta , Biały-Karbowniczek Julia , Bartela Agata , Wojtyła Klaudia
Published: May 2024

Introduction: In the last few years, obesity has become a central issue with more than 2.6 billion people worldwide being overweight or obese. While the risks associated with this condition and its rising significance are widely known, the effect of this attention on screening and treatment remains unsatisfying. This paper explores multiple treatment strategies and evaluates their effectiveness in preventing obesity-related complications.  
Review methods: We conducted our study as a literature review, with data being gathered via PubMed and Embase. 
The state of knowledge: Physical activity, behavioral therapy, and proper nutrition remain the foundation for obesity therapy. However, in many cases these approaches are insufficient. Recently, there has been a dynamic development of bariatric surgery and new drugs, which in comparison to lifestyle modification, result in better long-term results and improved quality of life. New surgery procedures, such as sleeve gastrectomy and adjustable gastric banding, have shown to be one of the most effective but still carry a risk of complications. As an alternative pharmacotherapy could be considered with currently used medications including liraglutide, semaglutide, tirzepatide, phentermine-topiramate, orlistat, and bupropion-naltrexone.  
Conclusions: Growing treatment options allow physicians to choose more targeted approaches, based on the patient’s risk factors, overall health status, and compliance.
Botulinum toxin in wound treatment – literature review
Authors: Jerzak Aneta , Janocha Aleksandra , Hitnarowicz Anna , Kmak Bożena , Szot Anna , Pociecha Agnieszka
Published: May 2024

Introduction and purpose
Botulinum toxin has been used in medicine since the 1970s, although many years earlier it was known only as a biological weapon. Originally, it was used in medicine to treat strabismus in children. Over time, it has been used in the treatment of neurological disorders, excessive sweating of the armpits, wrinkles, and bladder disorders. In recent years, botulinum toxin has also begun to be used in wound healing. The paralyzing effect of botulinum toxin on the muscles within the wound eliminates micro-injuries caused by tension in these muscles. The aim of the article is to summarize information on the effects of botulinum toxin on the wound, its impact on inflammation, and the type of scar formation.
 
Materials and methods
The literature included in the PubMed databases is searched through the words such as botulinum toxin, wounds, and scars.
 
Description of the state of knowledge:
The literature review shows the breadth of the issue. Scientific studies showing the effect of using botulinum toxin on wounds emphasize its beneficial effects. However, it should be remembered that wound healing has a complex, dynamic course supported by numerous cellular processes that must be closely coordinated to effectively repair damaged tissues. Determinants influencing the course of wound healing include both local and systemic factors. Important factors influencing the process of proper wound healing are specialized wound preparation, pharmacotherapy, and other aspects of therapeutic intervention.
 
Conclusions
The range of applications of botulinum toxin is constantly expanding. In addition to reducing muscle tension within the wound, it also inhibits the production of inflammatory transmitters, limiting its development, and also reduces the development of microcirculation by preventing the development of vessels in hypertrophic scars.
Breastfeeding and Maternal Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Literature Review
Authors: Fugas Agnieszka , Pach Magdalena , Wierzejska Natalia , Michalczewska Aneta , Nowak Agnieszka , Chmielowiec Zuzanna , Partyka Alicja , Dziedzic Mariola , Smykiewicz Karolina , Dobrzańska Justyna
Published: May 2024

Breast-feeding offers plenty of benefits for both infants and mothers, however, most studies have mostly been concerned with the health of infants.
As far as infants are concerned, breastfeeding is associated with nutritional advantages and a reduced risk of acute otitis media, atopic dermatitis, gastrointestinal infections, lower respiratory tract diseases, asthma, obesity, sudden infant death syndrome or even childhood leukemia.
The health outcomes of the breastfeeding mother include reduced risk for breast, endometrial and ovarian cancer are well documented.
In our article we will focus on the impact of breast-feeding on lowering the risk of diabetes mellitus in mothers.
Natriuretic peptide pathways in heart failure in the context of the analysis of the mechanism of action and potential usages of sacubitril/valsartan
Authors: Babkiewicz-Jahn Kamila , Matuszewska Justyna , Szymańska Adrianna , Wilanowska Wiktoria , Oleksak Izabela , Maliszewska Karolina , Załęska Natalia
Published: May 2024

Introduction and purpose
Heart failure has become a civilization disease, affecting 1-2% of the world's population. It is a condition with various etiologies and phenotypes. The annual mortality rate due to heart failure is approximately 10%, with organ dysfunction caused by hypoperfusion and sudden cardiac death being the leading causes of death. The aim of this study is to present current knowledge of heart failure, focusing on its pathophysiology, and the mechanism of action and applications of sacubitril/valsartan.
 
Material and methods
The following review was based on articles from the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Key search terms included pathophysiology of heart failure; natriuretic peptide pathways; treatment of heart failure; sacubitril/valsartan.
 
Conclusions
Heart failure is a syndrome marked by the activation of various neurohormonal systems such as the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and natriuretic peptides (NP). Historically, the therapeutic approach has focused on reducing RAAS activity and SNS activity. In recent years, increasing attention has been given to potential benefits associated with the NP system.
Following disappointing outcomes from studies involving neprilysin (NEP) inhibitors, administered alone or in conjunction with an ACE inhibitor and vasopeptidase inhibitors, there have been findings with the pharmacological class termed ARNI (angiotensin receptor and NEP inhibitors). Sacubitril/valsartan has proven to be an effective and safe treatment that reduces the need for hospitalization, enhances the quality of life and longevity of patients with chronic HFrEF.
Aggravation of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Decline in Advanced Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Complicated by Dilated Cardiomyopathy – Case Study and Review of Literature
Authors: Welian-Polus Iwona , Mazur Bartosz , Bielak Michał , Mazur Magdalena , Rypulak Elżbieta , Wilanowska Wiktoria , Greguła Anna , Stachyrak Karol , Mika Dawid , Turek Kamila
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a genetic X-linked recessive disorder. This condition is characterized by progressive loss of muscle tissue. Thus, it results in deterioration and inability to perform basic motor skills such as independent movement or breathing. Due to progressive muscle weakness, patients with advanced stages of DMD require mechanical ventilation, feeding, and rehabilitation. Furthermore, alterations in cardiac muscle lead to cardiomyopathy. Despite advanced supportive treatment, DMD is a fatal disease.
Purpose:
The aim of the paper is to present, using a case study description, the current standards of treatment for patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy as well as the current state of knowledge and new discoveries regarding this medical condition.
Material and methods
The patient's medical records were analyzed and available literature in PubMed was reviewed to write this article using the keywords: „Duchenne muscular dystrophy”; „cardiomyopathy”; „mechanical ventilation”; „gene therapy”;
Conclusions
Early detection of respiratory and circulatory insufficiency improves the patient's quality of life. Many patients with an advanced stage of Duchenne muscular dystrophy need specialized treatment, for example, in the intensive care unit. Therefore there is an urgent need for new treatment methods, such as gene therapies, which can slow down or break the course of the disease. New discoveries and the implementation of new treatment standards can enhance the quality of life for patients and extend their lifespans.
Mujeres rosaristas que arrasan en la investigación
Authors: Amado Mateus Marelby , García Prada María José , Leal Villamizar Lina María
Published: May 2024

Estas dos investigadoras, procedentes de distintos campos, demuestran que el camino de la investigación está permeado por la curiosidad, así como por el apetito de conocimiento y la generosidad. Sus historias contribuyen al fortalecimiento de sus respectivas áreas profesionales y están dejando una marca perdurable en el entorno académico.
Flagelos, cercados e colonialidade: da seca aos currais da fome em "O Quinze", de Rachel de Queiroz
Authors: Magalhães Soraia Costa
Published: May 2024

A pesquisa tem como objetivo refletir e analisar o contexto social no estado do Ceará em 1915 quando a seca é presenciada e medidas extremas de encurralar sujeitos despossuídos são evidenciadas como políticas da morte e reflexos da colonialidade/modernidade. Para esta discussão, utilizaremos a obra O Quinze (1930), da escritora Rachel de Queiroz, para retratar as dimensões socioculturais presentes em uma relação de cultura regional. Logo, neste levantamento bibliográfico, primeiramente nos centramos no contexto histórico e literário da obra, em seguida fazemos um estudo sobre como os personagens enfrentavam os infortúnios da seca, a segregação e as condições mínimas de sobrevivência e, por fim, analisamos a criação do primeiro campo de concentração como um espaço de se fazer morrer alguns sujeitos.
Luto e escrita performática em contexto de pandemia
Authors: Ribeiro Rebecca de Araujo , Salgueiro Maria Amélia Dalvi
Published: May 2024

Este artigo analisa um aspecto específico do luto: sua performance. Isso é feito a partir do caráter reiterado dos comportamentos dos enlutados no Ocidente, nos séculos XX e XXI, com ênfase no período da pandemia ocasionada pela covid-19. Para tal, utiliza os estudos de Ariès (1989, 1990 [1977]; 2012 [1977]) como arcabouço histórico; de Adichie (2021), para a reflexão em primeira pessoa sobre a experiência do luto; de Franco (2021), no que diz respeito ao luto; bem como de Schechner (2000; 2006), Taylor (2012) e Ravetti (2002) sobre a teoria da performance. Como resultado, concluiu-se que, mesmo com a mudança das épocas e seus eventos, os enlutados não deixam de se expressarem e realizarem rituais de despedida, ainda que isso signifique performar o luto de outras formas, como pela escrita performática, a qual foi muito utilizada no contexto da mais recente pandemia.