bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KELKİT YÖRESİNDE KULLANILAN DEYİMLERDEN BAZILARI ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: ÇİÇEK Ali
Published: July 2021

Bu makalede, Gümüşhane’nin Kelkit ilçesine bağlı Öğütlü köyü ve civarındaki bazı köylerden derlenen mahalli elli deyimin inceleme ve açıklanması ele alınmıştır. Bu deyimlerin incelenmesine geçmeden önce çeşitli kaynaklara dayalı olarak deyimin tanımı, anlamı, önemi, yapısı ve dildeki kullanımı üzerinde kısaca durulmuştur. Deyimler kelime grubu veya cümle hâlinde belli yapıları olan ve sözün etkili bir biçimde kullanılmasını sağlayan dil unsurlardır. Bu kalıp yapılar, genellikle gerçek anlamlarının dışında mecazi manalar taşıyan yerleşik söz varlıklarıdır. Bu hâliyle deyimler, tıpkı atasözleri gibi dilin önemli ve uzun ömürlü temel ögelerindendir. Buna yanında deyimin yapısında oluşabilecek herhangi bir değişiklik onu deyim olmaktan çıkarır. Mesela; dile giren bazı yabancı kelimeler, kullanımdan alanından kalkan birtakım kelimeler ve deyim öğelerinin bitişik yazılması vb. hususlar bu yapının değişmesine veya ortadan kalkmasına sebep olabilir. Atasözlerinin yazım ve anlatım uzunluğuna karşılık; deyimler çoğunlukla iki üç kelimelik birleşik fiil, isim tamlaması, sıfat tamlaması vb. kuruluşunda veya kısa cümleler hâlinde bulunurlar. Kapsam alanı olarak deyimler, toplumsal hayatın çeşitli alanlarıyla ilgili gözlem, tecrübe, değer yargıları gibi özelliklerden meydana gelen ve belli ifade güzellikleri ihtiva eden özlü sözlerdir.
Türkiye'de Kentleşme ve Göç Olgusuyla İlgili Makalelerin Dönemsel Olarak İncelenmesi
Authors: AKSU KOCATÜRK Gündüz
Published: July 2021

Türkiye’de göç hareketleri, cumhuriyetin kurulduğu yıllardan 1950’li yıllara kadar oldukça cılız bir görünüme sahip olmuştur. 1950’li yıllarda başlayan ve hız kazanan göç hareketleri daha çok kırsal alanda yaşanan dönüşüme bağlı olmakla birlikte, 1960’lı yılların sonları ile 1980’li yılların başlarına kadar kentsel alanların geçirdiği dönüşüme bağlı olmuştur. 1980 ve 1990’lı yıllarda gelişen iletişim ve ulaşım teknolojileri ise göç hareketleri üzerinde önemli bir etki yaratmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’de göç ve kentleşme olgularının değişen toplumsal, ekonomik, siyasal ve kültürel ortam bağlamında dönemsel olarak nasıl ele alındığını belirlemektir. Bu bağlamda kentleşme ve göç olgusuyla ilgili 1940-1960, 1960-1970, 1970-1980, 1980-1990 ve 1990-2010 olmak üzere beş dönemde yapılan 93 makale çalışmanın inceleme konusu olmuştur.
ÇİN HALK CUMHURİYETİ’NDE YEREL HÜKÜMET SİSTEMİ
Authors: KARA Eray
Published: July 2021

Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti, uzun yıllar boyunca Batı merkezli politikaların dünya genelinde etkili

olması ve diğer ülkeler açısından kapalı bir kutu şeklinde görülmesi nedeniyle bilimsel

çalışmalarda araştırma konusu olarak yeterince incelenmemekteydi. Ancak, küreselleşme

çağında dünyanın üretim merkezine dönüşmesi, modernizasyon sürecini hızla

gerçekleştirmesi ve 2030’lu yıllarda ekonomik olarak dünyanın zirvesinde yer alacağının

öngörülmesi gibi sebeplerden dolayı Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti, son yıllarda oldukça ilgi gören bir

araştırma alanı haline gelmiştir. Şüphesiz bu ilgi, ülkenin gelişme sürecine paralel şekilde

izleyen hızlı kentleşme olgusunun ve yerel örgütlenme sisteminin de incelenmesi sonucunu

doğurmuştur. Bu çalışmada, Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti’ndeki yerel örgütlenme birimlerinin Avrupa merkezli dizge içerisinde yer alan diğer ülkelerden farklılaştığı noktalar bağlamında kendine

özgü bir model oluşturması, bu nedenle bilinen anlamda bir “yerel yönetim” olmadığı, ülkedeki

yerel birimlerin merkezi yönetiminin birer uzantısı olması ve tüzel kişiliğe sahip olmamaları

nedeniyle “yerel hükümet” olarak değerlendirilebileceği görülmektedir.
MAHALLE VE KÖYÜN BİRLEŞTİRİLMESİ İLE OLUŞAN YENİ BİR BİRİM: KIRSAL MAHALLELER
Authors: KARALEZLİ Gökçe
Published: July 2021

6360 Sayılı On Dört İlde Büyükşehir Belediyesi ve Yirmi Yedi İlçe Kurulması İle Bazı Kanun ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılmasına Dair Kanunun yürürlüğe girmesi ile birlikte 30 büyükşehir belediyesinin sınırlarının il sınırı ile çakıştırılması ile birlikte, bu sınırlar içerisindeki tüm köylerin mahalle statüsüne düşürülmesi yıllardır tartışma konusu olmuştur. 2020 yılının ekim ayında 5216 sayılı Büyükşehir Belediyesi Kanununa eklenen bir ek madde ile kırsal mahalle uygulaması başlamıştır. Uygulamanın nasıl yürütüleceğine dair ayrıntılar ise 15 Nisan 2021 tarihinde resmi gazetede yayımlanan Kırsal Mahalle ve Kırsal Yerleşik Alan Yönetmeliği ile mevzuattaki yerini almıştır.

Çalışma ilk olarak mahalle kavramı ve sorunlarını irdeleyecek, ardından kısaca köy kavramı ve köy yönetiminin sorunlarının üzerinde duracaktır. Son bölümde ise bu iki kavramın birleşmesi ile oluşan “kırsal mahalle” uygulaması incelenerek mevcut sorunlara çözüm olup olamayacağı tartışmaya açılacaktır.
Management of Technical Training to Augment the Understanding and Expertise of Water Professionals to Attain the Anticipated Outcome of the Scientific Organization in Keeping Pace – A Case Study by the Way of DoPT Approved Methodology
Authors: Gayen Dr. Anadi
Published: July 2021

Scientists in the national level water research organizations are facing problem to submit technical reports in time on account of their insufficient knowledge about the software used for analysis of the field data. The line departments working in the water sector are in need to enhance knowledge and to build the required capacity on the software to present the scenario in the form of technical reports and interpretation of the facts thereto. Therefore, the effective management of the scientific trainings especially on the software is mandatory for achieving the desired goal of any scientific organization. An effective management of the technical trainings would useful to strengthen the professional competence of the officials working in the various Regional and State Unit offices of Central Ground Water Board (CGWB), which would ensure the stakeholders participation to achieve the set of objectives of the organization as well. Being national level apex body, the CGWB is entrusted with the responsibilities of providing scientific inputs for sustainable management, exploration, monitoring, assessment, augmentation and regulation of groundwater resources of the country. CGWB is consisting of Hydrogeologists, Geophysicists, Chemists, Hydrologists, Hydrometeorologists and Engineers and its headquarters is located at Faridabad, Haryana. Major groundwater oriented activities undertaking by CGWB include research and development (R&D) studies, exploratory drilling programme, monitoring of groundwater regime followed by judicious management. The Rajiv Gandhi National Ground Water Training and Research Institute (RGNGWTRI), the training institute under CGWB is the training and research institute of CGWB and is envisaged to function as a `Centre of Excellence’ for imparting training to the personnel associated with the groundwater sector with an objective to develop a pool of trained resource persons, who would be working towards sustainability of this precious natural resources. The aims and objectives, performance problems, various environmental, motivational and behavioural problems have been considered for the Management of Training (MoT). The paper includes the major components like Training and Non-training Recommendations, Training Plan, Priority List and Design Brief. The paper recommends training and non-training implications along with training design. The post training external validation is a step of MoT, which to be carried out after obtaining report on the performance of the trainees from Line Managers or Senior Manager.
A Study on Health Effects of College Going Adolescent Girls Consuming Junk Food
Authors: Fathima G. , Meghana R. Moni
Published: July 2021

The foods which have a smaller number of nutritive values are considered as unhealthy food called as junk food. Junk food is easy to carry and consume. Junk food causes negative impact on health, because it contains a large number of calories from sugar and fat with little amount of fibre, protein, vitamins, minerals, junk food also refer to high protein food like meat prepared with saturated fat. When junk food is consumed very often, the excess fat, simple carbohydrates and processed sugar found in junk food contributed to an increased risk. The main aim of the present study was to assess the nutritional status of youth consuming more junk food. The methods used in this study were helped to assess the health status of the subjects. Due to lack of health consciousness the frequency of junk food consumption as very as high in subjects. They mostly focus on the junk foods which are having more fats and oils as well as cold beverages.
Evaluating the role of scrum methodology for risk management in information technology enterprises
Authors: Alzahawi Ahmed muayad younus , Abumandil Mohanad
Published: July 2021

This study aims to investigate the relationship between Scrum framework and risk management processes in Malaysia. Companies discuss the management based on a concerned business scale and the influence risk management in Malaysia Information technology projects success. This research is targeting Information technology firms and technology projects. Were researched through guarantee inside and out comprehension of the postulation foundation. In the outcome segment, the author influences a few proposals for the case to small-scale organizations to actualize ventures and to develop risk management successfully. The phases of risk management, in particular the step of risk detection, have a detrimental impact on project performance. Furthermore, risk control has its own risks as a mechanism. This makes it impossible to know if risk management is an appropriate approach in the IT production process for managing and minimizing risks. The study shows the effect of risk management in IT businesses is utilized in the Scrum
REFLEXÕES SOBRE A PRÁTICA DOCENTE NO ENSINO SUPERIOR NO ENSINO DE LIBRAS
Authors: Araújo Claudiane Santos
Published: July 2021

O presente estudo possibilita a reflexão sobre as experiências docentes no ensino da Língua Brasileira de Sinais (LIBRAS) como segunda língua em instituições de ensino superior maranhenses. A partir da vivência como professora de Libras no ensino superior foi possível perceber a necessidade da ressignificação da prática docente no ensino desta língua para que se garanta o sucesso do aluno surdo. Nesse sentido, os objetivos desta pesquisa são analisar a prática docente dos professores de Libras no ensino superior, perceber de que forma acontece a prática docente no aprendizado da língua de sinais e refletir sobre a práxis educativa no ensino superior no que tange ao ensino da língua de sinais e seu aprendizado como segunda língua. Dessa forma, o arcabouço teórico-metodológico que sustentam esta pesquisa é a pesquisa bibliográfica, à luz dos estudos de Gil (2008), Lakatos & Marconi (2012) a partir da revisão de literatura sobre o processo histórico da educação de surdos, pois é uma categoria histórica. As reflexões teóricas estão de acordo com os posicionamentos de Quadros (1997;2006), Gesser (2009;2012), Santos (2015), Strobel (2009), dentre outros.
Blunt Chest Trauma Presenting with Acute Coronary Event
Authors: Albulushi Arif , Kadir Sajid , Barton David , Chatzizisis Yiannis S. , O’Leary Edward
Published: July 2021

We present a case that was initially diagnosed as non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction following a blunt chest trauma from left lateral contusion. Coronary angiography and later cardiac computed tomography were performed that showed narrowing and dissection of the distal circumflex and first obtuse marginal branch artery, which was treated medically without any coronary intervention.
Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Essential oil from Scales of Moroccan Juniperus phoenicea
Authors: M. Dakir M. Achir
Published: July 2021

Abstract-The essential oil of Juniperus phoenicea was obtained by hydrodistillation method using a Clevenger-type apparatus with a yield of 1.9 % and was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer (GC-MS). Twelve volatile compounds were identified representing 99,85% of the total oil composition, while the α-pinene (78,31%), β-Myrcene (11,92%) and limonene (3,96%) were the major compounds. This essential oil was evaluated as an antibacterial and antifungal agent. The result showed that the oil presents a high biological activity as an antibacterial agent against the three tested strains Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeroginos. It's also active as an antifungal agent against the Candida albicans with a zone inhibition of 28 mm. Keywords: Medicinal plant, Juniperus, phoenicea, Essential oil, Chemical composition, Antimicrobial activity.
Plant Mediated Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Its Anti - microbial and Anti - oxidant Activities
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, HNB Garhwal University (A central University) Birla Campus, Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India, Chandra Sati Satish
Published: July 2021

In this research paper we have reported the single pot synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) for the first time by utilisation of leaves extract of Himalayan medicinal plant Artemisia roxburghiana. The principle of green chemistry was utilised at maximum possible level to make the synthesis not only environmentally compatible but also cost effective. The obtained nanoparticles are of good shape and size as confirmed by the instrumental techniques such as Powder XRD,HR-TEM, HR-SEM and FT-IR. The average size of the synthesized nanoparticles was between 26 to 35 nm. These nanoparticles then screened for the anti - microbial assay in which it has shown positive activity against E. coli, A. Tereus and C. falcatum. The second application of the synthesized nanoparticles is estimation of anti - oxidant activity against the DPPH. The IC value of the nanoparticles is formed to be 50 53 in EtoH while that of the standard, ascorbic acid was 26 in the same solvent.
Design Development and Characterization of Mannosylated Carbon Nanotubes
Authors:   College of Pharmacy, Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam University, Indore, M.P., India, Jain Sourabh
Published: July 2021

The proposed study was aimed atdeveloping and exploring the efficiency of novel mannosylated MWCNTs. For selectivedrug delivery to alveolar macrophages,Paclitaxel was selected for incorporation intomannosylated MWCNTs based on itsanticancer activity. Hopefully, this deliverysystem could be safely administered throughi.v. route. We expect that this approach willimprove management of drug therapy in cancerpatients by delivering the drug at controlled rate for prolonged period of time at a desiredsite. The drug was found to be white to offwhite, crystalline powder that was similar in physical appearance as mentioned in I.P. 1996. Melting point of Paclitaxel was near to reported value. Solubility of the drug in different solvents at ambient temperature depicted its solubility in methanol, ethanol, acetone, dimethylsulphoxide and chloroform, while insoluble in distilled and PBS (pH 7.4). Drug entrapment efficiency of Paclitaxel loaded mannosylated MWCNTs was found to be increased.
Evaluation of Central Nervous System Acting Effects of Citrus Peel Essential Oils Extracted Using Enzyme Technology on Rodent Models
Authors: 2 Versha Parcha, Sukanya Chetri and Shikha Saxena Versha Parcha
Published: July 2021

Abstract-There is growing evidence of measurable effects of essential oils in animal brains and so more clinical research is required to validate their influence on the human central nervous system. This will enable us to discover essential oil-based drugs for treatment of mental illnesses such as depression, anxiety etc. Several methods have been developed to obtain oil from oil-rich plant materials using aqueous enzymatic methods. By using enzymes to mediate the extraction, it is possible to maintain mild conditions and effect superior extraction. The enzymes such as cellulase, hemicellulase, pectinase and protease are the most favourable enzymes for degrading the cell wall in oilseeds to loosen oil sacs embedded in the seed structures. Reduced equipment costs and energy consumption are also potentially possible, since oil and protein may be recovered simultaneously Therefore, the present study is proposed on quality and quantity enhancement of essential oils from citrus peel waste through enzymatic intervention and evaluates their effect on the central nervous system in Rodent Models. As an attempt to obtain the essential oil through hydro distillation HD and hydro distillation enzyme assisted HDEA was carried out. Several experiments have been conducted to determine the optimal process parameters for both methods, i.e., substrate to solvent ratio, extraction temperature, extraction time, enzyme loading, and incubation time etc. to Obtain essential oil from citrus peel collected from the local market of Dehradun. Total yield and physical characteristics like specific Gravity, viscosity, refractive index, acid, Saponification, iodine no etc. were compared. Both samples of oil CA-1 and CA-2 were further screened for their effect on Central Nervous System on the rodent model. Result indicated HDEAnot only improved yield but also has sustainably stimulant effect on the central nervous system as compared to HD. Keywords: Essential oil, Enzymes, Central nervons system.
Inhibiting Effect of Moroccan Medicinal Plants on Crystallization of Oxalo-calcic Calculations in vitro
Authors: El MostafaMtairag Abdelaziz ELAmrani
Published: July 2021

Abstract- The aim of this work is to study the inhibitory effect of some Moroccan medicinal plants: parsley, nettle, oregano and corn beard on the crystallization of oxalocalcium urinary stones under experimental conditions which simu l a t e t h e u ri n a r y e n v ir o nme n t (physiological concentrations in calcium and oxalate, temperature and pH). The experimental tests were followed by the turbidimetric method using UV-Visible Model SP8-400 spectrophotometry, the response of which restores the concentration of calcium oxalate. The results showed that the potassium and magnesium ions which constitute the main elements of these plants compete with the calcium ions in order to combine with the oxalate ions. All the competitive reactions reflecting the affinities of the different ions towards each other contribute to the observed overall inhibition of the crystallization of calcium oxalate. Keywords: Crystallization, Urinary Calculus, Calcium oxalate, Inhibition, Moroccan Medicinal Plants
Phytochemical Screening of Bombaxceiba Flowers
Authors: d Sonika Patwal Niki Nautiyal
Published: July 2021

Abstract- Traditional knowledge of medicinal plants is showing important and significant values to society. Bombaxceiba is an important medicinal plant of tropical and subtropical India. Its medicinal usage has been reported in the traditional systems of medicine such as Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani. The present study includes the detailed exploration of phytochemical properties of various extracts of Bombaxceiba in an attempt to provide a direction for further research. Flowers of Bombaxceiba were air-dried and its coarsely powdered samples were subjected to Soxhlet extraction using diverse solvents (petroleum ether, chloroform , ethanol, ethyl acetate and distilled water)). Freshly prepared extracts were exposed to standard phytochemical analysis for qualitative estimation of phytoconsituents. Phytochemical analysis r e v e a l e d t h e p r e s e n c e o f s e v e r a l phytochemicals viz., alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, phenol, tannins, steroid, terpenoids and glycocides. The methanolic extract displ ayed the pr e s enc e of highe st phytochemical compounds. It may be due to the higher solubility of active components in this solvent as compared to other solvents. The studies justify the use of Bombaxceiba in traditional medicines. The investigation further propose that the metabolites present in leaf tissue of Bombaxceiba can be potential source of novel natural antibacterial and antioxidant agents which may be of prospective application in food industry as an antioxidant. Keywords: Phytochemical, Bombaxceiba, Antioxidant
Investigation of the Essential Oil of Ormenis africana from Morocco: Revision of Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity
Authors:   Laboratoire de Chimie Bio-organique et Analytique, UFR C35/97, FST- Mohammedia, Université Hassan II- Mohammedia, Maroc., Hanbali F El
Published: July 2021

The essential oil composition fromthe aerial parts of Ormenis africana(Asteraceae), an endemic species fromMorocco, has been investigated by GC/MS. Atotal of 31 compounds were identified,representing 77%. After fractionation bycolumn chromatography, the main compoundwas isolated and its structure elucidated byNMR spectroscopy. The essential oil wasdominated by oxygenated compounds withspathulenol (45.8%) followed by camphor(7.1%), -cadinol (5.9%) and -bisabolol(5.9%) as the main compounds. This oil can beclassified as spathulenol-type according to itsspathulenol content. In vitro the antibacterialactivity of the whole essential oil against threeGram positive (Bacillus cereus, Enterococcusfaecalis, Streptococcus C) bacteria and threeGram negative (Proteus vulgaris, Escherichiacoli, Pseudomonas aeroginosa) bacteria,showed significant results.
Modulatory Effect of Whole Flour and Hydroalcoholic Extract of Finger Millet (Elusine coracana) on the Abnormalities Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in Hyperlipidemic Diabetic Rats
Authors:   School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, SBS University, Balawala, Dehradun, UK., India, F Singh Mamta
Published: July 2021

The present study was designed toevaluate the effect of whole flour andhydroalcoholic extract of finger millet (Elusinecoracana) in high fat diet (HFD) andstreptozotocin induced metabolic syndrome inrats. The HFD was fed to the rats for a period of45 days to induce hyperlipidemia. Diabeteswas induced by single intraperitoneal injectionof streptozotocin (65mg/kg i.p) in 0.1M citratebuffer pH 4.5. Animals with fasting blood sugarlevel of 250 mg/dl were considered ashyperlipidemic diabetic rats (HDR) and wereselected for the study. The HDR were dividedinto five groups with six animals in each groupand one group of normal animals. The HDRreceived whole flour and hydroalcoholicextract of Elusine coracana at a dose of 100,200 and 400 mg/kg for a period of 21 days.Body weight, body mass index, fasting bloodsugar level, lipid profile and the level ofoxidative stress was measured in animals afterthe treatment. All treatments significantlydecreased body weight, BMI, fasting bloodsugar and also improved lipid profile in HDR ascompared to the toxicant control. Thetreatments significantly reduced the level oflipid peroxidation and improved superoxidedismutase and reduced glutathione in thepancreas of HDR. Whole flour andhydroalcoholic extract of Elusine coracana at adose of 200 and 400 mg/kg caused significantalleviation of the abnormalities of metabolicsyndrome in rats.
Antibacterial Activity of Rosmarinus officinalis and Lavandula angustifolia Essential Oils Against Selected Poultry Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors:   Laboratoryof Microbiology, Pharmacology, BiotechnologyandEnvironment, Faculty of Science Aïn Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Morocco, Chadli N.
Published: July 2021

Poultry is the host of many speciesof bacteria and the intestine is the privilegedplace of their colonization and theirpersistence. These bacteria are the cause ofseveral cases of food poisoning in humansthrough the consumption of eggs or soiledchicken meat. In addition, these bacteriadevelop resistance to antibiotics that areadjusted to poultry feed as growth promoters.Essential oils are considered as importantsecondary metabolites for plant defense by their antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. These essential oils may be considered as a source of natural antimicrobials for the conservation of poultry food. The aim of our study is to isolate and identify bacterial strainsisolated from poultry and to determine the antibacterial and antioxidant activities ofRosmarinus officinalis and Lavandulaangustifolia essential oils on these bacterialstrains.Essential oils of Moroccan Rosmarinusofficinalis and Lavandula angustifolia wereextracted by hydrodistillation. Theidentification of their chemical compositionare performed by gas chromatography-massspectrometry. Antimicrobial activity ofextracted essential oils against Staphylococcusaureus, Clostridium perfringens, Escherichiacoli and Salmonella entiritidis was evaluatedby aromatogram test and Microdilution in aliquid medium. The identification of strains areperformed by several test: Gram staining,Kligler test, Catalase test, test Mobility and ApiGallery 20E. The results show that essentialoils tested have a considerable antibacterialactivity against all isolated bacterial strains.
In Vitro Evaluation of Sun Protection Factor of Plant Extracts By Ultraviolet Spectroscopy Method
Authors:   School of Life Sciences, SBS University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India, Bhandari Geeta
Published: July 2021

Acute and chronic exposure to non physiological doses of ultraviolet radiation leads to variety of changes of skin ranging from sun-burn, erythema to skin cancer. For skin protection from deleterious effects of sunlight, sunscreen products are used in various forms having chemical and physical filters. However, synthetic sunscreen formulations are reported to cause adverse effects. Thus the present study was planned to evaluate the sun protection factor (SPF) of leaves extract of Murraya koenigii for their application as herbal sunscreens. The results suggested that the occurrence of active compounds responsible for ultraviolet absorption can be extracted for use in sunscreens preparations as better,cheaper and safe alternative to harmful chemical sunscreens.
Preliminary Phytochemical Screening of Leaves of Ocimum tenuiflorum
Authors:   D.A.V.(PG) College, Muzaffarnagar, (UP), India, Tyagi Shweta
Published: July 2021

The medicinal plants are useful forhealing and curing of human diseases. Over55% of all modern clinical drugs are of naturalproduct origin. The plant, Ocimum tenuiflorum is highly used by the people ofwhole world specially Indians to cure various disorders because of the presence of phytochemical constituents. Ocimum tenuiflorum plant is known to possess anticancer, antispasmodic, antiviral, insecticide, antiseptic, analgesic, antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, antistress, Immunomodulatory, hypotensive and antioxidant properties. The present study reveals that various secondary metabolites such as glycosides, alkaloids, flavonoids,phenols, terpenoids, tannins, saponins, antraquenone , fats and oils and steroids are present in different leaf extract of the plant.
Flexibility in Coping with Stress Questionnaire:
structure and psychometric properties
Authors: Basińska Małgorzata A. , Kruczek Agnieszka , Borzyszkowska Agata , Góralska Katarzyna , Grzankowska Izabela , Sołtys Michalina
Published: July 2021

Introduction

Flexibility in coping relies on applying a coping strategy that is appropriate to the circumstances. Individuals who are flexible in coping exhibit sensitivity to subtle signals sent by the environment. Therefore, they are able to adjust their behaviour accordingly and function in a more adaptive manner.

Material and methods

The study included N = 1535 participants. The following methods were used: the Flexibility in Coping with Stress Questionnaire (FCSQ-14) and the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (CFI).

Results

The Flexibility in Coping with Stress Questionnaire measures flexibility as a feature of the process of coping with which an individual applies coping strategies. The Flexibility in Coping with Stress Questionnaire is an accurate and reliable method of measuring coping flexibility and three of its subscales: the Repertoire of coping strategies, the Changeability of their use, and Reflexivity.

Conclusions

The Flexibility in Coping with Stress Questionnaire examines three subscales of flexibility, namely, Repertoire of coping strategies, Changeability, and Reflexivity. This measurement is accurate and reliable. The questionnaire is applied to the study of persons exposed to severe or chronic stress at work, when we want to assess the individual's ability to change their functioning in a stressful situation. It can be used to examine healthy and somatically ill people, in the area of research and clinical diagnosis.
Effect of Pilates exercises on blood glucose, urinary problems, sexual symptoms, pain and anxiety in women with gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Silva Do Nascimento Glenda Roberta , De Souza Ferraz Vanessa , Wanderley De Oliveira Patricia De Medeiros Vieira , Ayach Wilson , Christofoletti Gustavo , Gomes De Souza Pegorare Ana Beatriz
Published: July 2021

Purpose

To verify the impact of Pilates training on blood glucose, urinary problems, sexual symptoms, pain and anxiety in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods

Overall, 25 pregnant women with GDM were randomly divided into an experimental and a control group. The participants allocated into the experimental group were submitted to 12 weeks of conventional treatment for GDM associated with supervised Pilates exercises. The control group were submitted to 12 weeks of conventional treatment, without the Pilates intervention. Fasting blood glucose was measured with a glucose monitor. Urinary symptoms were assessed by using the Short-Form International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire. For sexual function, the authors applied the Female Sexual Function Index. Maternal weight gain was obtained from the patients’ medical records. Pain was assessed by visual analogue scale and localized by nordic questionnaire. Owing to a non-parametric pattern of the data, values were expressed as median and interquartile range. Inferential analysis was performed with the Mann-Whitney U test (to assess between-group comparisons) and Wilcoxon test (to assess pre- and post-intervention comparisons).

Results

Considering the baseline similarity of the groups regarding anthropometric and clinical variables, Pilates training improved fasting glucose, maternal weight gain, and urinary incontinence score as compared with the group submitted exclusively to conventional therapy (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

The results reinforce the beneficial effects of supervised Pilates training on reducing blood glucose, maternal weight gain, and urinary incontinence in pregnant women with GDM.
Effects of training on bone metabolism in young athletes
Authors: Mero Antti M.J. , Häkkinen Keijo , Kyröläinen Heikki , Mero Antti A.
Published: July 2021

Purpose

This study investigated the effects of two types of training on the bone formation marker of osteocalcin and the
bone resorption marker of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase isoenzyme 5b (TRAP5b) in young track and field boys and
girls.

Methods

The 14-year-old group (10 boys, 10 girls) performed first time an intensive and supervised 8-week plyometric
training. In the 17-year-old group (13 athletic boys, 6 control boys, 12 athletic girls, 6 control girls), the normal many-sided
track and field training lasted 6 months.

Results

Significant increases were noticed in osteocalcin (p < 0.01) both in younger boys and girls. The 20-m sprint
performance improved in girls (p < 0.01) and the countermovement jump height increased in boys (p < 0.001). Significant
increases in 17-year-old boys and girls were observed after training in osteocalcin (p < 0.01), osteocalcin/TRAP5b ratio
(p < 0.01 and p < 0.001), and the standing 5-jump (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01). Serum TRAP5b decreased both in boys (p < 0.05)
and in girls (p < 0.01). The boys also improved the standing 5-jump (p < 0.01) and the 12-minute running test results (p < 0.05).
In the combined group of all subjects, the correlation coefficient between TRAP5b and age was significant (r = –0.63, p < 0.001,
n = 57).

Conclusions

In practice, it is important to add plyometrics and other strength training in the training plans of young athletes,
regardless of their events, to increase their bone metabolism and muscle strength.
Post-operative computed tomography imaging evaluation of ascending aorta surgery
Authors: Toia Patrizia , Pennisi Luciano , Taravella Rossana , Grassedonio Emanuele , Gagliardo Cesare , Galia Massimo , Midiri Massimo , La Grutta Ludovico
Published: July 2021

Ascending thoracic aorta disease is often a life-threatening condition. Aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection are the most frequent ascending aorta diseases requiring surgical intervention. Surgical repair techniques of the ascending aorta are various; they include reconstruction of the ascending aorta by using a graft with or without a prosthetic valve, reconstruction with a composite artificial graft or using a biological graft, and reconstruction of the ascending aorta with a composite graft preserving the native valve and arch repair. The radiologist plays a key role in the identification of post-operative complications; differentiation from normal postoperative findings is fundamental. Our aim is to discuss the main diseases affecting the ascending aorta requiring surgery and the different techniques used to treat them. We also discuss the normal computed tomography (CT) imaging findings and after-surgery complications.
Apparent diffusion coefficient values in borderline breast lesions upgraded and not upgraded at definitive histopathological examination after surgical excision
Authors: Tagliati Corrado , Piccinni Paola , Ercolani Paola , Marconi Elisabetta , Franca Simonetti Barbara , Marco Giuseppetti Gian , Giovagnoni Andrea
Published: July 2021

Introduction

The study aims were to evaluate if the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value could distinguish between breast lesions classified as B3 at core needle biopsy (CNB) that show or do not show atypia or malignancy at definitive histopathological examination (DHE) after surgical excision.

Material and methods

: From January 2013 to December 2017, 141 patients with a B3 breast lesion underwent magnetic resonance imaging and were included in the study. The ADC value was assessed drawing a ROI outlining the entire lesion, evaluating the mean (ADCmean) and minimum ADC values (ADCmin).

Results

Both ADCmean and ADCmin values showed a statistically significant difference between B3 lesions without and with malignancy or, for B3a lesions, atypia at DHE. They both showed a statistically significant difference also between B3a lesions without or with atypia or malignancy at DHE, but only ADCmin (not ADCmean) showed statistically significant difference between B3b lesions without or with malignancy at DHE.

Conclusions

The ADC value could help distinguish between B3a lesions without or with atypia/malignancy at DHE after surgical excision and between B3b lesions without or with malignancy at DHE. Therefore, it could be used to help guide the diagnostic-therapeutic pathway of these lesions, particularly of B3a lesions.
The utility of ADC parameters in the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer by 3.0-Tesla diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Altan Kus Aylin
Published: July 2021

Introduction

This study has focused on investigating the relationship between the exponential apparent diffusion coefficient (exp-ADC), selective apparent diffusion coefficient (sel-ADC) values, the ADC ratio (ADCr), and prostate cancer aggressiveness with transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy in patients with prostate cancer.

Material and methods

All patients underwent a multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) including tri-planar T2-weighted (T2W), dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE), diffusion-weighted sequences using a 3.0-Tesla MR scanner (Skyra, Siemens Medical Systems, Germany) with a dedicated 18-channel body coil and a spine coil underneath the pelvis, with the patient in the supine position. Exp-ADC, sel-ADC, and ADCr of defined lesions were evaluated using region-of-interest-based measurements. Exp-ADC, sel-ADC, and ADCr were correlated with the Gleason score obtained through transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy.

Results

Patients were divided into 2 groups. Group I is Gleason score ≥ 3 + 4, group II is Gleason score = 6. Sel-ADC and exp-ADC were statistically significant between 2 groups (0.014 and 0.012, respectively). However, the ADCr difference between nonclinical significant prostate cancer from clinically significant prostate cancer was not significant (p = 0.09).

Conclusions

This study is the first to evaluate exp-ADC and sel-ADC values of prostate carcinoma with ADCr. One limitation of this study might be the limited number of patients. Exp-ADC and sel-ADC values in prostate MRI imaging improved the specificity, accuracy, and area under the curve (AUC) for detecting clinically relevant prostate carcinoma. Adding exp-ADC and sel-ADC values to ADCr can be used to increase the diagnostic accuracy of DWI.
Comparison of clinical and magnetic resonance imaging findings of triple-negative breast cancer with non-triple-negative tumours
Authors: İmre Yetkin Duygu , Gulsun Akpınar Meltem , Durhan Gamze , Basaran Demirkazik Figen
Published: July 2021

Introduction

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has some distinctive features. The aim of the study was to compare clinical and breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of TNBC with non-triple-negative breast cancer (nTNBC) in molecular subtypes such as ADC (apparent diffusion coefficient) values, T2-weighted (T2W) image intensity, shape, margin, lymph node involvement, grade, multifocality, multicentricity, bilaterality, and enhancement pattern differences between tumour subtypes.

Material and methods

A total of 141 patients who underwent breast biopsy at our institution between January 2010 and June 2018 were included in this study. Patients were divided into molecular subtypes according to hormone receptor status, and Ki-67 index. Tumour grade, enhancement patterns, age, lymph node involvement, ADC values, breast imaging reporting and data system (BI-RADS) category, bilaterality, multifocality, multicentricity, margin, shape, and T2W image intensity were evaluated for these subtypes.

Results

ADC values were higher in triple-negative tumours than in luminal A and luminal B tumours (p = 0.010 and p = 0.002, respectively). Circumscribed margin, type 2 enhancement curve, and rim enhancement were significantly higher in triple-negative tumours (p < 0.001). No significant difference was found between the groups in terms of other MRI findings including bilaterality, multifocality, multicentricity, shape, and T2W image intensity (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

ADC values, circumscribed margin, and rim enhancement can provide important information about the tumour’s biological behaviour and the course of the disease.
Efficacy of high-resolution, 3-D diffusion-weighted imaging in the detection of breast cancer compared to dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Yadav Pratiksha , Harit Saumya , Kumar Dileep
Published: July 2021

Introduction

To evaluate the utility of high-resolution, 3-D diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the detection of breast cancer and to compare the sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curves of DWI and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI).

Material and methods

Prospective IEC approved study included 131 breast lesions detected on mammography and breast ultrasound. Cases underwent MRI on a 3 Tesla scanner using a dedicated breast coil. T2WI, STIR, T1WI, and dynamic post contrast MR. DWI MRI with b value of 50, 800, and 1500 s/mm2. Post-processing data with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) calculations and kinetic curves were obtained. Characteristics for lesions were analysed as per ACR BI-RADS descriptors. Final histopathological diagnosis was considered as the standard of reference. 2 test, t-test, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, pairwise comparison of ROC curves, sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic accuracy, and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated.

Results

Sixty-six (50.38%) malignant and 65 (59.62%) benign lesions were included in the study. The mean ADC of malignant lesions was 0.870 × 10–3 mm2/s and 1.637 × 10–3 mm2/s (p < 0.0001) for benign lesions. Sensitivity and specificity for DWI were 95.45% and 90.76%, respectively, and for DCE-MRI they were 96.97% and 87.69%, respectively. Positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were obtained at 91.30% and 95.16%, respectively, in DWI while in DCE-MRI they were 88.88% and 96.61%, respectively. The AUC for ADC was 0.979. In ROC comparison of AUC for DWI 0.931 and for DCE-MRI 0.923, the difference between the areas was 0.00781 (p = 0.782).

Conclusions

High-resolution DWI is a non-contrast MRI technique, which improves the lesion detection with diagnostic performance comparable to DCE-MRI and has potential as an adjunct with screening mammography.
Endovascular management of the post-traumatic common carotid artery pseudoaneurysms
Authors: Jariwala Pankaj , Punjani Arshad , Kamble Rajeev
Published: July 2021

Purpose: Pseudoaneurysms of the common carotid artery secondary to high-velocity fragment injuries to the head and neck in patients are uncommon lesions. Multi-detector computed tomography angiography should be performed on all patients suffering from high-speed fragment injuries of the head and neck.

Case presentation: We share our experience with the endovascular management approach for the closure of 2 separate pseudoaneurysms involving the left common carotid artery.

Conclusions: Numerous options for surgical and endovascular treatment of these lesions are available. Endovascular therapy in patients with common carotid artery pseudoaneurysms offers a reliable and non-invasive management option. It helps in the mitigation of its rupture and thromboembolic complications.

Key words: pseudoaneurysm, carotid artery, covered stent, traumatic neck injuries.
The importance of diffusion apparent diffusion coefficient values in the evaluation of soft tissue sarcomas after treatment
Authors: Aktas Elif , M. Arikan Sefik , Ardıç Fisun , Savran Burcu , Arslan Alaettin , Toğral Güray , Karakaya Jale , K. Aribas Bilgin
Published: July 2021

Introduction

In our study, we aimed to show the efficiency of diffusion-weighted images at different b-values and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in the differentiation of recurrent tumours from post-treatment tissue changes.

Material and methods

The conventional and diffusion magnetic resonance images (MRIs) of 42 patients operated for soft tissue sarcomas between June 2012 and March 2015 followed up with MRIs that were evaluated by 2 radiologists retrospectively. Diffusion MRIs were acquired at 4 different b-values (50, 400, 800, 1000 s/mm2). The lesions were classified according to conventional MRI findings as post-treatment changes and recurrent tumours.

Results

When the patient group with recurrent tumours was compared with the patient group with postoperative changes the ADC calculations were statistically significantly lower for the recurrent tumours at all b-levels (p < 0.001 for all b-levels). The sensitivity of b-50 values lower than 3.01 × 103 mm²/s in showing recurrent tumours was 100% and the specificity was 77.78%. The sensitivity of b-400 values lower than 2.1 × 103 mm²/s in showing recurrent tumours was 80% and the specificity was 96.3%. The sensitivity of b-800 values lower than 2.26 × 103 mm²/s in showing recurrent tumours was 100% and the specificity was 88.89%. The sensitivity of b-1000 values lower than 2 × 103 mm²/s in showing recurrent tumours was 93.3% and the specificity was 92.5%.

Conclusions

The ADC values obtained from diffusion-weighted images have high sensitivity and specificity in differentiating recurring soft tissue sarcomas during monitoring after treatment from postoperative changes.
3D quantitative analysis of diffusion-weighted imaging for predicting the malignant potential of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas
Authors: Igarashi Takao , Shiraishi Megumi , Watanabe Ken , Ohki Kazuyoshi , Takenaga Shinsuke , Ashida Hirokazu , Ojiri Hiroya
Published: July 2021

Introduction

To investigate the predictors of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas (IPMNs) with high-grade dysplasia, using 2-dimensional (2D) analysis and 3-dimensional (3D) volume-of-interest-based apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) histogram analysis.

Material and methods

The data of 45 patients with histopathologically confirmed IPMNs with high-grade or low-grade dysplasia were retrospectively assessed. The 2D analysis included lesion-to-spinal cord signal intensity ratio (LSR), minimum ADC value (ADCmin), and mean ADC value (ADCmean). The 3D analysis included the overall mean (ADCoverall mean), mean of the bottom 10th percentile (ADCmean0-10), mean of the bottom 10-25th percentile (ADCmean10-25), mean of the bottom 25-50th percentile (ADCmean25-50), skewness (ADCskewness), kurtosis (ADCkurtosis), and entropy (ADCentropy). Diagnostic performance was compared by analysing the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Inter-rater reliability was assessed by blinded evaluation using the intraclass correlation coefficient.

Results

There were 16 and 29 IPMNs with high- and low-grade dysplasia, respectively. The LSR, ADCoverall mean, ADCmean0-10, ADCmean10-25, ADCmean25-50, and ADCentropy showed significant between-group differences (AUC = 72-93%; p < 0.05). Inter-rater reliability assessment showed almost perfect agreement for LSR and substantial agreement for ADCoverall mean and ADCentropy. Multivariate logistic regression showed that ADCoverall mean and ADCentropy were significant independent predictors of malignancy (p < 0.05), with diagnostic accuracies of 80% and 73%, respectively.

Conclusions

ADCoverall mean and ADCentropy from 3D analysis may assist in predicting IPMNs with high-grade dysplasia.
Can imaging suggest the aetiology in skull base osteomyelitis? A systematic literature review
Authors: Bhalla Deeksha , S. Bhalla Ashu , Manchanda Smita
Published: July 2021

Introduction

To assess differentiating features between bacterial, Aspergillus, and Mucor skull base osteomyelitis (SBO) with regard to clinical presentation and imaging appearances.

Material and methods

A literature search was performed in April 2020 for studies on SBO with a minimum sample size of 10 patients. Studies that reported presenting symptoms, cross-sectional imaging findings, complications, and mortality were included in the analysis. The quality of included articles was tested using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 tool. A data extraction form was used to retrieve relevant parameters from each of the articles.

Results

Thirteen articles were included in the final analysis. Diabetes mellitus was the most common predisposing factor (12.5-91.0%). Presenting complaints in all bacterial SBO studies were otogenic, while fungal SBO patients had nasal/ocular complaints. Rates of mortality and surgical intervention in the fungal group were 50-100% and 50%, respectively, as compared to the bacterial group – 7-87% and 10%, respectively. On imaging, the site of initial infection in bacterial SBO was the external auditory canal, while in fungal SBO it was the paranasal sinus. The incidence of orbital extension was < 5% in bacterial and 44-70% in fungal SBO, among which Mucor had rates of 65-70%. Bone erosion was less extensive in bacterial SBO, and the patterns differed. The highest incidence of vascular involvement and non-enhancing lesions (23-36%) was seen in Mucor. Aspergillus showed highest sino-cranial extension (52-55%) and homogenous bright enhancement.

Conclusions

Systematic analysis of the clinico-radiological parameters in each of the studies revealed differences in presentation, clinical course, extension, bone erosion, and enhancement.