bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Natural Stilbenoid (–)-Hopeaphenol Inhibits HIV Transcription by Targeting Both PKC and NF-κB Signaling and Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 9
Authors: Tietjen Ian , Schonhofer Cole , Sciorillo Amanda , Naidu Maya E. , Haq Zahra , Kannan Toshitha , Kossenkov Andrew V. , Rivera-Ortiz Jocelyn , Mounzer Karam , Hart Colin , Gyampoh Kwasi , Yuan Zhe , Beattie Karren D. , Rali Topul , Shuda McGuire Kristy , Davis Rohan A. , Montaner Luis J.
Published: March 2023

Despite effective combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), people living with HIV (PLWH) continue to harbor replication-competent and transcriptionally active virus in infected cells, which in turn can lead to ongoing viral antigen production, chronic inflammation, and increased risk of age-related comorbidities. To identify new agents that may inhibit postintegration HIV beyond cART, we screened a library of 512 pure compounds derived from natural products and identified (–)-hopeaphenol as an inhibitor of HIV postintegration transcription at low to submicromolar concentrations without cytotoxicity. Using a combination of global RNA sequencing, plasmid-based reporter assays, and enzyme activity studies, we document that hopeaphenol inhibits protein kinase C (PKC)- and downstream NF-κB-dependent HIV transcription as well as a subset of PKC-dependent T-cell activation markers, including interleukin-2 (IL-2) cytokine and CD25 and HLA-DRB1 RNA production.
Discovery of an Abundant Viral Genus in Polar Regions through the Isolation and Genomic Characterization of a New Virus againstOceanospirillaceae
Authors: Zhang Wenjing , Liu Yundan , Zheng Kaiyang , Xing Jinyan , Li Qian , Gu Chengxiang , Wang Ziyue , Shao Hongbing , Guo Cui , He Hui , Wang Hualong , Sung Yeong Yik , Mok Wen Jye , Wong Li Lian , Liang Yantao , McMinn Andrew , Wang Min
Published: March 2023

Oceanospirillumphage vB_OsaM_PD0307 is the first myovirus found to infectOceanospirillaceae, and it represents a novel abundant viral genus in polar regions. This study provides insights into the genomic, phylogenetic, and ecological characteristics of the new viral genus, namelyOceanospimyovirus.
Microbiome and Physicochemical Features Associated with Differential Listeria monocytogenes Growth in Soft, Surface-Ripened Cheeses
Authors: Falardeau Justin , Yildiz Erkan , Yan Yifan , Castellarin Simone D. , Wang Siyun
Published: March 2023

Previous studies have identified differences in
L. monocytogenes
growth between SRCs, but no clear mechanism has yet been elucidated. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to collect a wide range of SRCs from retail sources and attempt to identify key factors associated with pathogen growth.
The TGEV Membrane Protein Interacts with HSC70 To Direct Virus Internalization through Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis
Authors: Ji Zhaoyang , Dong Hui , Jiao Ruixue , Zhu Xiaoyuan , Shi Hongyan , Chen Jianfei , Shi Da , Liu Jianbo , Jing Zhaoyang , Zhang Jialin , Wang Xiaobo , Ye Dandan , Zhang Jiyu , Zhang Xin , Feng Li
Published: March 2023

TGEV is the causative agent of porcine diarrhea, a viral disease that economically affects the pig industry in many countries. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying viral replication remain incompletely understood.
SERINC5 Mediates a Postintegration Block to HIV-1 Gene Expression in Macrophages
Authors: Ramdas Pavitra , Chande Ajit
Published: March 2023

In addition to Nef, HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein has been shown to modulate SERINC5-mediated inhibition. Counterintuitively, Nef from the same isolates preserves the ability to prevent SERINC5 incorporation into virions, implying additional functions of the host protein.
BCG Vaccination of Health Care Workers Does Not Reduce SARS-CoV-2 Infections nor Infection Severity or Duration: a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Claus Juana , ten Doesschate Thijs , Gumbs Cheyenne , van Werkhoven Cornelis H. , van der Vaart Thomas W. , Janssen Axel B. , Smits Gaby , van Binnendijk Rob , van der Klis Fiona , van Baarle Debbie , Paganelli Fernanda L. , Leavis Helen , Verhagen Lilly M. , Joosten Simone A. , Bonten Marc J. M. , Netea Mihai G. , van de Wijgert Janneke H. H. M. , Boersma Wim G. , Bulut Özlem , van Crevel Reinout , Debisarun Priya A. , Hoogerwerf Jacobien , de Jonge Marien , Kerckhoffs Angele P. M. , Knol Edward , Koopman Jan Pieter R. , Kuiper Vincent P. , Lalmohamed Arief , Moorlag Simone J. C. F. M. , Nierkens Stefan , van Nieuwkoop Cees , 10 Oever Jaap , Ottenhoff Tom H. M. , Paternotte Nienke , Rijnders Bart J. A. , Roukens Anna H. E. , Taks Esther , Top Janetta , Veerman Karin M. , Voss Andreas , Willems Rob
Published: March 2023

While several BCG trials in adults were conducted during the 2019 coronavirus disease epidemic, our data set is the most comprehensive to date, because we included serologically confirmed infections in addition to self-reported positive SARS-CoV-2 test results. We also collected data on symptoms for every day during the 1-year follow-up period, which enabled us to characterize infections in detail.
Vaginal Microbiome Metagenome Inference Accuracy: Differential Measurement Error according to Community Composition
Authors: Carter Kayla A. , Fodor Anthony A. , Balkus Jennifer E. , Zhang Angela , Serrano Myrna G. , Buck Gregory A. , Engel Stephanie M. , Wu Michael C. , Sun Shan
Published: March 2023

Compared to taxonomic composition, the functional potential within a bacterial community is more relevant to establishing mechanistic understandings and causal relationships between the microbiome and health outcomes. Metagenome inference attempts to bridge the gap between 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and whole-metagenome sequencing by predicting a microbiome’s gene content based on its taxonomic composition and annotated genome sequences of its members.
Sequence-Based Characterization of Microalgal Microbiomes: Impact of DNA Extraction Protocol on Yield and Community Composition
Authors: Roager Line , Sonnenschein Eva C. , Gram Lone
Published: March 2023

Microalgae are very important as primary producers in the ocean, but also as forthcoming sustainable producers of biotechnologically interesting compounds. Accordingly, the bacterial microbiomes associated with microalgae are attracting increasing attention due to their effects on the growth and health of microalgae.
Genomics of Invasive Cutibacterium acnes Isolates from Deep-Seated Infections
Authors: Both Anna , Huang Jiabin , Hentschke Moritz , Tobys David , Christner Martin , Klatte Till Orla , Seifert Harald , Aepfelbacher Martin , Rohde Holger
Published: March 2023

Opportunistic infections emerging from human skin microbiota are of ever-increasing importance.Cutibacterium acnes, being abundant on the human skin, may cause deep-seated infections (e.g., device-associated infections). Differentiation between invasive (i.e., clinically significant)C. acnesisolates and sole contaminants is often difficult.
Heterocyclic Diaryliodonium-Based Inhibitors of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Kumari Pooja , Kaul Grace , Kumar T. Anand , Akhir Abdul , Shukla Manjulika , Sharma Suraj , Kamat Siddhesh S. , Chopra Sidharth , Chakrapani Harinath
Published: March 2023

Discovery of novel antibiotics targeting multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens such as
A. baumannii
is an urgent, unmet medical need. Our work has highlighted the potential of this unique scaffold to annihilate MDR
A. baumannii
alone and in combination with amikacin both
in vitro
and in animals, that too without inducing resistance. Further in depth analysis identified central metabolism to be a putative target. Taken together, these experiments lay down the foundation for effective management of infections caused due to highly MDR pathogens.
Undernutrition Disrupts Cecal Microbiota and Epithelium Interactions, Epithelial Metabolism, and Immune Responses in a Pregnant Sheep Model
Authors: Wu Weibin , Lu Huizhen , Cheng Jianbo , Geng Zhaoyu , Mao Shengyong , Xue Yanfeng
Published: March 2023

Undernutrition is commonly encountered in ruminant production, especially during pregnancy and lactation in females. Undernutrition not only induces metabolic diseases and threatens pregnant mothers’ health, but also inhibits fetal growth and development, leading to weakness or even death of fetuses.
There remains a role for neuraxial anesthesia for hip fracture surgery in the post-REGAIN era
Authors: Stone Alexander B , Poeran Jashvant , Memtsoudis Stavros G
Published: March 2023

Two recent, large-scale, randomized controlled trials comparing neuraxial anesthesia with general anesthesia for patients undergoing surgical fixation of a hip fracture have sparked interest in the comparison of general and neuraxial anesthesia. These studies both reported non-superiority between general and neuraxial anesthesia in this patient cohort, yet they have limitations, like their sample size and use of composite outcomes. We worry that that if there is a perception among surgeons, nurses, patients and anesthesiologists that general and spinal anesthesia are equivalent (which is not what the authors of the studies conclude), it may become difficult to argue for the resources and training to provide neuraxial anesthesia to this patient population. In this daring discourse, we argue that despite the recent trials, there remain benefits of neuraxial anesthesia for patients who have suffered hip fractures and that abandoning offering neuraxial anesthesia to these patients would be an error.
Migration rate of proximal adductor canal block catheters placed parallel versus perpendicular to the nerve after total knee arthroplasty: a randomized controlled study
Authors: Fujino Takashi , Yoshida Takayuki , Kawagoe Izumi , Hinotsume Akinori , Hiratsuka Tsuyoshi , Nakamoto Tatsuo
Published: March 2023

Background

Perineural catheters placed parallel to the nerve course are reported to have lower migration rates than those placed perpendicular to it. However, catheter migration rates for a continuous adductor canal block (ACB) remain unknown. This study compared postoperative migration rates of proximal ACB catheters placed parallel and perpendicular to the saphenous nerve.

Methods

Seventy participants scheduled for unilateral primary total knee arthroplasty were randomly assigned for parallel or perpendicular placement of the ACB catheter. The primary outcome was the migration rate of the ACB catheter on postoperative day (POD) 2. Catheter migration was defined as being unable to confirm saline administration via the catheter around the saphenous nerve at the mid-thigh level under ultrasound guidance. Secondary outcomes included active and passive range of motion (ROM) of the knee on postoperative rehabilitation.

Results

Sixty-seven participants were included in the final analyses. The catheter migrated significantly less often in the parallel group (5 of 34 (14.7%)) than in the perpendicular group (24 of 33 (72.7%)) (p<0.001). The mean (SD) active and passive knee flexion ROM (degrees) improved significantly in the parallel than in the perpendicular group (POD 1: active, 88.4 (13.2) vs 80.0 (12.4), p=0.011; passive, 95.6 (12.8) vs 85.7 (13.6), p=0.004; POD 2: active, 88.7 (13.4) vs 82.2 (11.5), p=0.036; passive, 97.2 (12.8) vs 91.0 (12.0), p=0.045).

Conclusion

Parallel placement of the ACB catheter provided a lower postoperative catheter migration rate than perpendicular placement of the ACB catheter along with corresponding improvements in ROM and secondary analgesic outcomes.

Trial registration number

UMIN000045374.
DOES CULTURE EAT STRATEGY? THE EMERGENCE OF COOPERATION CAPABILITY IN YOUNG FIRMS
Authors: KOLLMANN TOBIAS , STÖCKMANN CHRISTOPH , KLEINE-STEGEMANN LUCAS , HARMS RAINER , JUNG PHILIPP BENEDIKT , MICHAELIS ALEXANDER
Published: March 2023

Young firms benefit from cooperations in their development and cooperation capability is a prerequisite for a successful cooperation with partners. Despite its importance, research has neglected how this dynamic capability emerges in young firms. This study examines how innovation championing behaviour affects the cooperation capability. We introduce innovation strategy and innovation culture as two critical mediators in this relationship. Data from 283 young firms indicate that innovation culture is an essential mediator in the significant positive relationship between innovation championing behaviour and young firms’ cooperation capability. Surprisingly, innovation strategy does not directly affect the development of cooperation capability but fosters the development of innovation culture. The findings carry theoretical and practical implications for the emergence of cooperation capability in young firms by uncovering its origins and the intermediate transition process.
GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS: OPPORTUNITIES COME WITH CHALLENGES IN TUNISIA
Authors: NASSER FERIEL , OUERGHI FERYEL
Published: March 2023

Using data from the OECD-Trade in Value Added (TIVA) database, this paper analyzes Tunisia’s national and sectoral participation and positioning in global value chains (GVC) during 2005–2015. This paper also aims to illustrate countries with which Tunisia is highly integrated into GVC, by exploring the countries of origin of foreign value added in Tunisian exports, and the countries exporting Tunisian domestic value added share of its gross exports. Tunisia is among the most integrated countries, during the whole period of study. It has a high level of participation in GVC in many industrial activities, particularly in the textile, clothing and leather sector, food processing, and electronic and electrical equipment. The backward linkage in its GVC integration can be explained by the choice of specialization in its production, which roughly explains its position in the middle-stream–downstream. However, its participation in value chains remains regional rather than global. Around 60% of its GVC participation is with European countries. Overall, our results suggest that Tunisia has a potential that has been well exploited for the period 2005–2010 (period before the Tunisian revolution). However, this success remains limited since political and socio-economic crises have limited the potential of Tunisia’s current participation in the GVC.
Sharpening Your Tools
Authors: Garfinkel Simson , Stewart Jon
Published: March 2023

This article presents our experience updating the high-performance Digital forensics tool BE (bulk_extractor) a decade after its initial release. Between 2018 and 2022, we updated the program from C++98 to C++17. We also performed a complete code refactoring and adopted a unit test framework. DF tools must be frequently updated to keep up with changes in the ways they are used. A description of updates to the bulk_extractor tool serves as an example of what can and should be done.
Pathophysiological Roles of the cGAS-STING Inflammatory Pathway
Authors: Maekawa Hiroshi , Fain Margaret Elizabeth , Wasano Koichiro
Published: March 2023

The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) inflammatory pathway is a component of the innate immune system that recognizes cytosolic nucleic acids. The pathway has been implicated in several processes including aging, autoinflammatory conditions, cancer, and metabolic diseases. The cGAS-STING pathway represents a promising therapeutic target in a variety of chronic inflammatory diseases.
Attitudes of Health Professionals towards Integrated Health Campuses: A Second-Order Confirmatory Factor Analysis
Authors: Saylan Busra , Cinaroglu Songul
Published: March 2023

City hospitals (integrated health campuses) are a remarkable health policy action that has recently been implemented to meet the increasing public health needs. Health care professionals work in a collaborative atmosphere and provide interprofessional care on health campuses. This study is designed to explore the confirmatory factor structure of the Initial Attitudes towards Integrated Health Care (ATIHC) scale in Turkish health professionals, which was used to evaluate the attitudes of health professionals, consisting of senior managers and specialist physicians, towards city hospitals. Data were gathered from 196 health professionals, including senior managers and specialist physicians, working in a city hospital located in the rural part of the country. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to analyze the data through the first-order and second-order stages. The performance of the second-order CFA model is meaningful (

p
<
0.00001

) and acceptable (

X

2

/df = 1663/430 = 3.8; RMSEA = 0.12), and the goodness-of-fit indices are good (CFI = 0.92; NFI = 0.89; IFI = 0.92). The ATIHC scale, which consists of four latent variables under the second-order latent “attitudes” variable, better represents the sample, and health care quality and efficiency (β = 1.03,

p
<
0.01

) and coordination of care components (β = 1.02,

p
<
0.01

) are the prominent factors in explaining the attitudes of health professionals towards city hospitals. The Turkish version of ATIHC is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring the attitudes of health professionals towards city hospitals.
Associated Changes in the Structural and Antioxidant Activity of Myofibrillar Proteins via Interaction of Polyphenolic Compounds and Protein Extracted from Lentil (Lens culinaris)
Authors: Jalili Safaryan Maryam , Ahmadi Gavlighi Hassan , Udenigwe Chibuike C. , Tabarsa Mehdi , Barzegar Mohsen
Published: March 2023

This study evaluated the effects of different concentrations of green lentil acetone extract (GLA) (250, 500, 750, and 1000 μg/mL) and protein of green lentil (PGL) (1, 2, 3, and 4 g/100 g MP) on the functional attributes of myofibrillar protein (MP). GLA extract and PGL significantly affected the structure of MP by decreasing the carbonyl and sulfhydryl contents. Intrinsic fluorescence quenching studies showed that static quenching was involved in MP-GLA extract and MP-PGL complexes. Compared to the control (MP), the addition of GLA extract and PGL decreased the surface hydrophobicity, which correlated with the decrease in protein solubility. The MP-GLA and MP-PGL had lower cooking losses and slightly higher water-holding capacities

P
<
0.05

. FTIR spectroscopy demonstrated changes in MP secondary structure with the addition of GLA extract and PGL. GLA extract and PGL also decreased the thermal stability of MP and showed significant synergism in enhancing the radical scavenging activity of MP. Taken together, the results indicated that a high concentration of GLA extract (1000 μg/mL) and PGL (4 g/100 g MP) improved the functional properties of MP, and GLA extract was the most effective.
Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation Unmasked by Pregnancy: A Review of Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations and Cardiovascular and Respiratory Changes in Pregnancy
Authors: Lukic Anita , Cmelak Larisa , Draženović Dominik , Kojundzic Hrvoje , Lukic Ivan Kresimir , Gluncic Vicko
Published: March 2023

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations are abnormal, direct communications between the branches of the pulmonary artery and pulmonary veins, but without pulmonary capillaries between them. During pregnancy, PAVMs can enlarge and become symptomatic, causing even serious complications like haematothorax. To recognize the PAVM that becomes symptomatic in pregnancy, one must be able to distinguish the patient’s symptoms caused by developing complications of PAVM, as in the case we present, from physiological changes accompanying a healthy pregnancy, including their degree in relation to the stage of pregnancy. The modified early obstetric warning score charts are a very helpful tool in the assessment of (ab)normal signs and symptoms in pregnant women, especially for physicians who rarely manage pregnant women.
A Rare Presentation of a Bi-Maxillary Brown Tumour due to Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Cho-Fon Cheboh , Ngokwe Zilefac Brian , Ines Obolo Nwaga
Published: March 2023

Brown tumours are localized bone lesions, seen in patients with high parathyroid hormone levels. This can be due to primary hyperparathyroidism, which occurs more often in neoplasms of the parathyroid gland or due to secondary hyperparathyroidism more often seen as a result of renal impairment. Facial involvement is rare, with most reports focusing on long and axial bones. However, the mandibular bone is often the only bone affected. Here, we report a rare case of a bi-maxillary attainment of brown tumour in a patient with secondary hyperparathyroidism due to chronic kidney disease.
Altered Cerebellar Volumes and Intrinsic Cerebellar Network in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy
Authors: Lee Ho-Joon , Lee Dong Ah , Park Kang Min
Published: March 2023

Objectives. This study is aimed at investigating the alterations in cerebellar volumes and intrinsic cerebellar network in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) in comparison with healthy controls. Methods. Patients newly diagnosed with JME and healthy controls were enrolled. Three-dimensional T1-weighted imaging was conducted, and no structural lesions were found on brain magnetic resonance imaging. Cerebellar volumes were obtained using the ACAPULCO program, while the intrinsic cerebellar network was evaluated by applying graph theory using the BRAPH program. The nodes were defined as individual cerebellar volumes and edges as partial correlations, controlling for the effects of age and sex. Cerebellar volumes and intrinsic cerebellar networks were compared between the two groups. Results. Forty-five patients with JME and 45 healthy controls were enrolled. Compared with the healthy controls, the patients with JME had significantly lower volumes of the right and left cerebellar white matter (3.33 vs. 3.48%,

p
=
0.009

; 3.35 vs. 3.49%,

p
=
0.009

), corpus medullare (0.99 vs. 1.03%,

p
=
0.04

), and left lobule V (0.19 vs. 0.22%,

p
=
0.002

). The intrinsic cerebellar networks also showed significant differences between the two groups. The small-worldness index in the patients with JME was significantly lower than that in the healthy controls (0.771 vs. 0.919,

p
=
0.04

). Conclusion. The cerebellar volumes and intrinsic cerebellar network demonstrated alterations in the patients with JME when compared with those of the healthy controls. Our study results provide evidence that the cerebellum may play a role in the pathogenesis of JME.
Supplementary tables and figures from Tumor-Infiltrating B Lymphocyte Profiling Identifies IgG-Biased, Clonally Expanded Prognostic Phenotypes in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Harris Robert J. , Cheung Anthony , Ng Joseph C.F. , Laddach Roman , Chenoweth Alicia M. , Crescioli Silvia , Fittall Matthew , Dominguez-Rodriguez Diana , Roberts James , Levi Dina , Liu Fangfang , Alberts Elena , Quist Jelmar , Santaolalla Aida , Pinder Sarah E. , Gillett Cheryl , Hammar Niklas , Irshad Sheeba , Van Hemelrijck Mieke , Dunn-Walters Deborah K. , Fraternali Franca , Spicer James F. , Lacy Katie E. , Tsoka Sophia , Grigoriadis Anita , Tutt Andrew N.J. , Karagiannis Sophia N.
Published: March 2023

Supplementary tables and figures
Supplementary Table S6 from A Multipronged Unbiased Strategy Guides the Development of an Anti-EGFR/EPHA2–Bispecific Antibody for Combination Cancer Therapy
Authors: El Zawily Amr , Vizeacoumar Frederick S. , Dahiya Renuka , Banerjee Sara L. , Bhanumathy Kalpana K. , Elhasasna Hussain , Hanover Glinton , Sharpe Jessica C. , Sanchez Malkon G. , Greidanus Paul , Stacey R. Greg , Moon Kyung-Mee , Alexandrov Ilya , Himanen Juha P. , Nikolov Dimitar B. , Fonge Humphrey , White Aaron P. , Foster Leonard J. , Wang Bingcheng , Toosi Behzad M. , Bisson Nicolas , Mirzabekov Tajib A. , Vizeacoumar Franco J. , Freywald Andrew
Published: March 2023

Table S6: Hits from the EPHA2 BioID assay.
Supplementary Data1 from Tumor Mutational Burden as a Predictor of Survival with Durvalumab and/or Tremelimumab Treatment in Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Wildsmith Sophie , Li Weimin , Wu Song , Stewart Ross , Morsli Nassim , Raja Rajiv , Zhang Qu , Ye Jiabu , He Philip , Shetty Jagdish , Yovine Alejandro , Holoweckyj Nicholas , Real Katia , Walker Jill , Wrona Magdalena , de los Reyes Melissa , Barker Craig , Whiteley Jessica , Haddad Robert , Licitra Lisa , Ferris Robert , Fayette Jérôme , Zandberg Dan P. , Siu Lillian L. , Mesía Ricard
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Data
Figure S5 from A Multipronged Unbiased Strategy Guides the Development of an Anti-EGFR/EPHA2–Bispecific Antibody for Combination Cancer Therapy
Authors: El Zawily Amr , Vizeacoumar Frederick S. , Dahiya Renuka , Banerjee Sara L. , Bhanumathy Kalpana K. , Elhasasna Hussain , Hanover Glinton , Sharpe Jessica C. , Sanchez Malkon G. , Greidanus Paul , Stacey R. Greg , Moon Kyung-Mee , Alexandrov Ilya , Himanen Juha P. , Nikolov Dimitar B. , Fonge Humphrey , White Aaron P. , Foster Leonard J. , Wang Bingcheng , Toosi Behzad M. , Bisson Nicolas , Mirzabekov Tajib A. , Vizeacoumar Franco J. , Freywald Andrew
Published: March 2023

Fig. S5. A. Heatmap of the BioID hits that are enriched in the top 15 GO processes based onGSEA software. B. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis plots of the top 15 GO process for the BioIDdata produced by GSEA software used to generate the heatmap in A.
Supplementary Methods S1 from Durvalumab plus Cetuximab in Patients with Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An Open-label, Nonrandomized, Phase II Clinical Trial
Authors: Gulati Shuchi , Crist McKenzie , Riaz Muhammed Kashif , Takiar Vinita , Lehn Maria , Monroe Ilaina , Palackdharry Sarah , Kurtzweil Nicky , Jandarov Roman , Harun Nusrat , Wise-Draper Trisha M.
Published: March 2023

Correlative studies’ methodology
Figure S2 from A Multipronged Unbiased Strategy Guides the Development of an Anti-EGFR/EPHA2–Bispecific Antibody for Combination Cancer Therapy
Authors: El Zawily Amr , Vizeacoumar Frederick S. , Dahiya Renuka , Banerjee Sara L. , Bhanumathy Kalpana K. , Elhasasna Hussain , Hanover Glinton , Sharpe Jessica C. , Sanchez Malkon G. , Greidanus Paul , Stacey R. Greg , Moon Kyung-Mee , Alexandrov Ilya , Himanen Juha P. , Nikolov Dimitar B. , Fonge Humphrey , White Aaron P. , Foster Leonard J. , Wang Bingcheng , Toosi Behzad M. , Bisson Nicolas , Mirzabekov Tajib A. , Vizeacoumar Franco J. , Freywald Andrew
Published: March 2023

Fig. S2. A. Heatmap of the differentially expressed phosphorylated proteins that are enriched inthe top 15 gene ontology (GO) processes generated using GSEA software. B. Gene SetEnrichment Analysis plots of the top 15 GO processes for the differentially expressedphosphorylated proteins data produced by GSEA software used to generate the heatmap in A.
Table S2 from Systemic LRG1 expression in melanoma is associated with disease progression and recurrence
Authors: Hoefsmit Esmee P. , Völlmy Franziska , Rozeman Elisa A. , Reijers Irene L. M. , Versluis Judith M. , Hoekman Liesbeth , van Akkooi Alexander C. J. , Long Georgina V. , Schadendorf Dirk , Dummer Reinhard , Altelaar Maarten , Blank Christian U.
Published: March 2023

Table S2 shows the patient characteristics OpACIN-neo
Figure S6 from Systemic LRG1 expression in melanoma is associated with disease progression and recurrence
Authors: Hoefsmit Esmee P. , Völlmy Franziska , Rozeman Elisa A. , Reijers Irene L. M. , Versluis Judith M. , Hoekman Liesbeth , van Akkooi Alexander C. J. , Long Georgina V. , Schadendorf Dirk , Dummer Reinhard , Altelaar Maarten , Blank Christian U.
Published: March 2023

Figure S6 shows that neutrophil count and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) are not associated with recurrence in non-responding patients
Figure S2 from Systemic LRG1 expression in melanoma is associated with disease progression and recurrence
Authors: Hoefsmit Esmee P. , Völlmy Franziska , Rozeman Elisa A. , Reijers Irene L. M. , Versluis Judith M. , Hoekman Liesbeth , van Akkooi Alexander C. J. , Long Georgina V. , Schadendorf Dirk , Dummer Reinhard , Altelaar Maarten , Blank Christian U.
Published: March 2023

Figure S2 shows a flowchart of patients PRADO study
Non-Pharmacological Treatments in Lewy Body Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Guidi Lucia , Evangelisti Stefania , Siniscalco Andrea , Lodi Raffaele , Tonon Caterina , Mitolo Micaela
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Lewy body disease (LBD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder in patients older than 65 years. LBD is characterized by heterogeneous symptoms like fluctuation in attention, visual hallucinations, Parkinsonism, and REM sleep behaviour disorders. Considering the relevant social impact of the disease, identifying effective non-pharmacological treatments is becoming a priority. The aim of this systematic review was to provide an up-to-date literature review of the most effective non-pharmacological treatments in patients with LBD, focussing on evidence-based interventions. Methods: Following PRISMA criteria, we carried out a systematic search through three databases (PubMed, Cochrane Libraries, and PEDro) including physical therapy (PT), cognitive rehabilitation (CR), light therapy (LT), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), deep brain stimulation (DBS). All studies were qualitatively assessed using standardized tools (CARE and EPHPP). Results: We obtained a total of 1,220 studies of which 23 original articles met eligibility criteria for inclusion. The total number of LBD patients included was 231; mean age was 69.98, predominantly men (68%). Some PT studies highlighted improvements in motor deficits. CR produced significant improvements in mood, cognition, and patient’s quality of life and satisfaction. LT outlined a partial trend of improvements in mood and sleep quality. DBS, ECT, and TMS showed some partial improvements mainly on neuropsychiatric symptoms, whereas tDCS provided partial improvements in attention. Conclusion: This review highlights the efficacy of some evidence-based rehabilitation studies in LBD; however, further randomized controlled trials with larger samples are needed to provide definitive recommendations.
Therapeutic Potential Targeting Podocyte Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
Authors: Li Yuting , Fan Jiaojiao , Zhu Wenping , Niu Yujia ,   Wu, Zhang Aihua
Published: March 2023

Background: Podocytes are essential components of the glomerular filtration barrier and essential for the proper filtration function of the glomerulus. Podocyte injury under various stress conditions is the primary pathogenesis and key determinant of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) with prominent clinical manifestations of proteinuria or nephrotic syndrome. Summary: Under physiological conditions, a highly coordinated mitochondrial quality control system, including antioxidant defenses, mitochondrial dynamics (fusion, fission, and mitophagy), and mitochondrial biogenesis, guarantees the sophisticated structure and various functions of podocytes. However, under FSGS pathological conditions, mitochondria encounter oxidative stress, dynamics disturbances, and defective mitochondrial biogenesis. Moreover, mutations in mitochondrial DNA and mitochondria-related genes are also strongly associated with FSGS. Based on these pieces of evidence, bioactive agents that function to relieve mitochondrial oxidative stress and promote mitochondrial biogenesis have been proven effective in preclinical FSGS models. Targeting the mitochondrial network is expected to provide new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of FSGS and delay its progression to end-stage renal disease. Key Messages: Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a key role in podocyte injury and FSGS progression. This review summarized recent advances in the study of mitochondrial homeostatic imbalance and dysfunction in FSGS and discussed the potential of mitochondria-targeted therapeutics in improving FSGS and retarding its progression to end-stage renal disease.
Aracnídeos de Goiaz Coligidos pelo Dr. Frederico Lane. I Opiliões, II Fantoquílidas e Tomisidas
Authors: Soares B. M.
Published: March 2023

.
Angina After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Patient and Procedural Predictors
Authors: Collison Damien , Copt Samuel , Mizukami Takuya , Collet Carlos , McLaren Ruth , Didagelos Matthaios , Aetesam-ur-Rahman Muhammad , McCartney Peter , Ford Thomas J. , Lindsay Mitchell , Shaukat Aadil , Rocchiccioli Paul , Brogan Richard , Watkins Stuart , McEntegart Margaret , Good Richard , Robertson Keith , O’Boyle Patrick , Davie Andrew , Khan Adnan , Hood Stuart , Eteiba Hany , Berry Colin , Oldroyd Keith G.
Published: March 2023

Background:

Twenty percent to 40% of patients are affected by angina after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), which is associated with anxiety, depression, impaired physical function, and reduced quality of life. Understanding patient and procedural factors associated with post-PCI angina may inform alternative approaches to treatment.

Methods:

Two hundred thirty patients undergoing PCI completed the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ-7) and European quality of life–5 dimension–5 level (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaires at baseline and 3 months post-PCI. Patients received blinded intracoronary physiology assessments before and after stenting. A post hoc analysis was performed to compare clinical and procedural characteristics among patients with and without post-PCI angina (defined by follow-up SAQ-angina frequency score <100).

Results:

Eighty-eight of 230 patients (38.3%) reported angina 3 months post-PCI and had a higher incidence of active smoking, atrial fibrillation, and history of previous myocardial infarction or PCI. Compared with patients with no angina at follow-up, they had lower baseline SAQ summary scores (69.48±24.12 versus 50.20±22.59,
P
<0.001) and EQ-5D-5L health index scores (0.84±0.15 versus 0.69±0.22,
P
<0.001). Pre-PCI fractional flow reserve (FFR) was lower among patients who had no post-PCI angina (0.56±0.15 versus 0.62±0.13,
P
=0.003). Percentage change in FFR after PCI had a moderate correlation with angina frequency score at follow-up (
r
=0.36,
P
<0.0001). Patients with post-PCI angina had less improvement in FFR (43.1±33.5% versus 67.0±50.7%,
P
<0.001). There were no between-group differences in post-PCI FFR, coronary flow reserve, or corrected index of microcirculatory resistance. Patients with post-PCI angina had lower SAQ-summary scores (64.01±22 versus 95.16±8.72,
P
≤0.001) and EQ-5D-5L index scores (0.69±0.26 versus 0.91±0.17,
P
≤0.001) at follow-up.

Conclusions:

Larger improvements in FFR following PCI were associated with less angina and better quality of life at follow-up. In patients with stable symptoms, intracoronary physiology assessment can inform expectations of angina relief and quality of life improvement after stenting and thereby help to determine the appropriateness of PCI.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03259815.
Ascites in Animals With Right Heart Failure: Correlation With Lymphatic Dysfunction
Authors: Dori Yoav , Mazurek Jeremy , Birati Edo , Smith Christopher
Published: March 2023

Background

Congestive heart failure is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. One of the signs of congestive heart failure is fluid overload including pulmonary edema, peripheral edema, and ascites. The cause of fluid overload remains incompletely understood, and management of these patients continues to be a challenge. The role of lymphatic circulation abnormalities in the cause and pathophysiology of fluid overload also remains unclear. Here we report on a study in a large animal model of right heart failure caused by severe tricuspid regurgitation comparing cardiovascular and lymphatic findings in a group of animals that did not develop ascites with a group of animals that developed ascites.

Methods and Results

Thirteen Yorkshire pigs were included in this study divided into 2 groups. Group 1 included 6 animals that did not develop ascites, and Group 2 included 7 animals that had developed ascites. The groups were compared on hemodynamic parameters as well as comparison of the animal's lymphatic anatomy and function. There was no difference between the groups in degree of tricuspid regurgitation and central venous pressure, with inferior vena cava pressure measuring 11.6±1.6 versus 13.2±3.7 (
P
=0.534) and superior vena cava pressure measuring 12.0±2.3 versus 13.7±3.2 (
P
=0.366). There was also no difference between the groups in all measured hemodynamic parameters, including right ventricular pressure, pulmonary artery pressure, and left ventricular function. The weighted liver size in the ascites group was significantly larger than in the nonascites group (30.3±12.4 versus 63.3±14.0 mL/kg, respectively;
P
=0.001). The 2 groups also differed in the number of animals with regurgitant thoracic duct flow (Group 1: 1/6,17% versus Group 2: 6/7, 86%;
P
=0.029) and the minimal thoracic duct diameter (Group 1: 2.3±0.3 versus Group 2: 4.2±2.2;
P
=0.035).

Conclusions

In animals with right heart failure caused by severe tricuspid regurgitation, fluid overload did not correlate with hemodynamic parameters but rather with changes in the lymphatic system, including regurgitant lymphatic flow, minimal thoracic duct diameter, and liver size. This study is consistent with lymphatic dysfunction and not cardiovascular function playing a significant role in the cause of fluid overload. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Unprocessed Red Meat and Processed Meat Consumption, Plasma Metabolome, and Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study of UK Biobank
Authors: Dong Xue , Zhuang Zhenhuang , Zhao Yimin , Song Zimin , Xiao Wendi , Wang Wenxiu , Li Yueying , Huang Ninghao , Jia Jinzhu , Liu Zhonghua , Qi Lu , Huang Tao
Published: March 2023

Background

The evidence is equivocal on the association between meat consumption and ischemic heart disease (IHD) risk. To what extent the variation of individuals' metabolic responses to the same diet may account for this association is not fully understood. We aim to identify metabolomic signatures characterizing consumption of unprocessed red meat and processed meat and whether such signatures are associated with IHD risk.

Methods and Results

We conducted a cohort study of 92 246 individuals (mean age, 56.1 years; 55.1% women) using the UK Biobank. During the median follow‐up of 8.74 years, 3059 incident IHD events were documented. Unprocessed red meat and processed meat consumption was assessed using a touchscreen dietary questionnaire. Plasma metabolome was profiled by high‐throughput nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to test the association of meat consumption with IHD. Genome‐wide association analysis and 1‐sample Mendelian randomization were performed for metabolomic signatures and causal association of signatures with IHD. Using elastic net regularized regressions, we constructed metabolomic signatures consisting of 157 and 142 metabolites for unprocessed red meat (Spearman correlation coefficient [
r
]=0.223) and processed meat (
r
=0.329), respectively. These signatures showed positive associations with incident IHD (red meat related signature: hazard ratio [HR] per SD increment=1.11 [95% CI, 1.06–1.16],
P
<0.001; processed meat related signature: HR, 1.16 [95% CI, 1.11–1.21],
P
<0.001). Genome‐wide association studies identified 45 and 4 loci, involved in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, for red and processed meat related signatures. Mendelian randomization showed that there were casual associations of signatures with risk of incident IHD.

Conclusions

We identify metabolomic signatures that reflect consumption of unprocessed red meat and processed meat, and these signatures are associated with an increased risk of IHD.
Identification of Protein Biomarkers of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Diet in Randomized Feeding Studies and Validation in an Observational Study
Authors: Kim Hyunju , Lichtenstein Alice H. , Ganz Peter , Du Shutong , Tang Olive , Yu Bing , Chatterjee Nilanjan , Appel Lawrence J. , Coresh Josef , Rebholz Casey M.
Published: March 2023

Background

The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet is recommended for cardiovascular disease prevention. We aimed to identify protein biomarkers of the DASH diet using data from 2 randomized feeding studies and validate them in an observational study, the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) study.

Methods and Results

Large‐scale proteomic profiling was conducted in serum specimens (SomaLogic) collected at the end of 8‐week and 4‐week DASH diet interventions in multicenter, randomized controlled feeding studies of the DASH trial (N=215) and the DASH‐Sodium trial (N=396), respectively. Multivariable linear regression models were used to compare the relative abundance of 7241 proteins between the DASH and control diet interventions. Estimates from the 2 trials were meta‐analyzed using fixed‐effects models. We validated significant proteins in the ARIC study (N=10 490) using the DASH diet score. At a false discovery rate <0.05, there were 71 proteins that were different between the DASH diet and control diet in the DASH and DASH‐Sodium trials. Nineteen proteins were validated in the ARIC study. The 19 proteins collectively improved the prediction of the DASH diet intervention in the feeding studies (range of difference in C statistics, 0.267–0.313;
P
<0.001 for both tests) and the DASH diet score in the ARIC study (difference in C statistics, 0.017;
P
<0.001) beyond participant characteristics.

Conclusions

We identified 19 proteins robustly associated with the DASH diet in 3 studies, which may serve as biomarkers of the DASH diet. These results suggest potential pathways that are impacted by consumption of the DASH diet.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifiers: NCT03403166, NCT00000608.
Equality, Democracy, and the Nature of Status: A Reply to Motchoulski
Authors: Zuehl Jake
Published: March 2023

Several contemporary philosophers have argued that democracy earns its moral keep in part by rendering political authority compatible with social or relational equality. In a recent article in this journal, Alexander Motchoulski examines these relational egalitarian defenses of democracy, finds the standard approach wanting, and advances an alternative. The standard approach depends on the claim that inequality of political power constitutes status inequality (the ‘constitutive claim’). Motchoulski rejects this claim on the basis of a theory of social status: once you see what social status is, Motchoulski thinks, the constitutive claim is a non-starter. In its place, Motchoulski suggests that relational egalitarians can and should content themselves with a defense of democratic institutions on the basis of a causal-instrumental link between equality of political power and equality of social relations. In this reply, I advance three main claims. First, relational egalitarians have good reason to hope for a defense of the constitutive claim, since that claim is required if relational equality is to vindicate the intrinsic value of democracy. Second, Motchoulski’s argument against the constitutive claim fails, because it depends on conflating one species of social status for the genus as a whole. Finally, I argue that the constitutive claim is trivially true for one kind of status, namely de facto authority, but, since equality of that kind of status is not intrinsically valuable, this does not amount to a defense of the intrinsic value of democracy.
Hinko Gottlieb and the Beginning of Holocaust Literature in Yugoslavia
Authors: Vidaković Petrov Krinka
Published: March 2023

The article is dedicated to Hinko Gottlieb (1886–1948), who is introduced here as the first Yugoslav Jewish writer who dealt with the theme of the Holocaust in real time. The personal biography of this forgotten author presents his life in the historical context of the pre-Holocaust and Holocaust periods. The inception of Holocaust literature in Yugoslavia is manifested in Gottlieb’s works, imbued with irony and satire, written prior to the occupation of Yugoslavia in 1941. Special attention is paid to his works written during the Holocaust in Yugoslavia (1941–1945), highlighting key issues regarding the presentation of the Holocaust in literature as art, the function of intertextuality and the use of literary genres, such as the science fiction novel, not traditionally associated with Holocaust literature. Attention is also given to the reception of Gottlieb’s works in the post-Holocaust period.
New Legislative Improvements in Reducing Statelessness of Children Born of Iranian Women’s Transnational Marriages: Two Steps Forward, One Step Backward
Authors: Haghani Saeed
Published: March 2023

Iran has hosted a large number of immigrants from its neighbouring countries, especially Afghanistan and Iraq, due to its geopolitical climate in recent decades. Unsurprisingly, a growing number of marriages occurred between Iranian women and these immigrants. Security authorities resisted the naturalisation of children born in such transnational families. All these socio-political phenomena led to the catastrophic situation of statelessness for a large group of children. The Iranian Parliament has dealt with this issue by using a trial-and-error approach for more than two decades. The first step, which was taken by Majlis in 2006, through the Act on the Nationality of the Children Born of Marriages between Iranian Women and Foreign Husbands, failed to achieve its predefined objectives. Therefore, the Parliament took a second step by passing an amendment to this act, which shows the Iranian legislators’ intention for reducing statelessness. This study aims to examine the extent to which the endeavour of the Iranian Parliament has been successful.
The African Development Bank and the Accountability Policy Norm
Authors: Park Susan
Published: March 2023

Established as a multilateral development bank (MDB) funded by African states, the African Development Bank (AfDB) is one of many similar international organizations (IO s) comprising the development finance regime complex. Arguably, states and policy elites recreate similar IO s that enable “norm conformance” within the complex. This is demonstrated through the AfDB’s adoption of the Independent Recourse Mechanism (IRM) in 2004. Despite no need or demand, the relatively insulated AfDB agreed to provide recourse for people adversely affected by AfDB-financed projects. This article argues that consensus among state and nonstate actors around an accountability policy norm led the AfDB to conform. Nonregional Member States, particularly the United States, used typical norm diffusion mechanisms: financial incentives, normative suasion, and voting on the AfDB’s Board. The concept of norm conformance highlights how behavioral expectations and organizational practices change based on what is socially appropriate.
A Partnership Centered on Norm Adoption
Authors: Peng Zhongzhou
Published: March 2023

This article investigates the institutional collaboration between the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) and the European Bank of Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) on the Dushanbe-Uzbekistan Border Road Improvement Project in Tajikistan. It argues that AIIB’s adoption of the EBRD’s environmental and social safeguard norms and project management norms facilitates the provision of infrastructure-related public goods in Tajikistan in three ways. First, the harmonization between the governance norms of these two banks facilitates their cofinancing which fills the financing gap of the project. Second, the policy coherence enables the two institutions to implement environmental and social safeguard norms that the Tajikistan government is unable to fully practice. Third, it paves the way for the transfer of project management experience from the EBRD to AIIB. Through this learning process, AIIB is able to provide additional infrastructure-related public goods in Tajikistan by acting as an independent provider of project monitoring services.