bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
M. Gorky’s Publishing Project “Vsemirnaia Literatura”
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bystrova Olga V.
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to Maxim Gorky’s publishing project “Vsemirnaia Literatura.” The publishing house, established in 1918, became a kind of experiment that allowed to unite literary forces in the conditions of revolutionary and post-revolutionary devastation. The article analyzes Gorky’s agreements with the heads of state structures of the USSR, which allowed the publishing house to work on an autonomous basis in the early years of the Civil War. During the years of devastation and famine, “Vsemirnaia Literatura” offered readers a range of the best works of Western European and Eastern literature. For this work, the literary and scientific community of 1918–1921 developed the latest methods in the theory and practice of translation, which determined the literary translation practice of the entire Soviet era. The topic under study is strategically important for understanding the development of publishing prospects in the USSR. The article touches upon the issue of Gorky’s organizational activities aimed at rallying and saving the literary and scientific elite of the country. The sources of information on this topic are documents from A.M. Gorky Archive (IWL RAS, Moscow). Gorky’s letters and N. Neradovsky’s memoirs used as sources are being published for the first time. These documents provide additional, previously unknown material for the study of the Gorky’s project, and also allow us to reconstruct individual episodes of the writer’s biography from 1918 to 1921. The selected bibliography on the history of “Vsemirnaia Literatura” proposed as an appendix helps to understand the degree of study of this topic. All this together leads to the conclusion that the stated topic is one of the most promising in the study of the literary process of the 20th century. The study of the problem suggests the use of a set of methods of source analysis, while the sources are biographical, memoir, epistolary and other materials.
M. Gorky and the “Academia” Publishing House
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Shugan Olga V.
Published: May 2024

The article examines in detail the role of M. Gorky in the activities of the “Academia” publishing house (1922–1937). We consider four periods of the publishing house’s activities and, first of all, the second and third periods, from 1929 to 1935, which connected with M. Gorky’s activity, since he become the chairman of the editorial board. The heyday of the publishing house in 1932–1935 coincides with the years of greatest rapprochement and mutual understanding between the writer and the head of the publishing house L.B. Kamenev. M. Gorky’s main achievement is that he provided the coherent and strong team in the publishing house, insisting on the resignation of I.I. Ionov and the appointment of L.B. Kamenev. From 1929 to 1935 the publishing house held mainly on the authority of Gorky. Thanks to his support the publishing house’s plans were implemented. Gorky played the important role as a “buffer” too, since, on the one hand, he insisted on softening repressive measures (he saved Kamenev several times), and on the other hand, reconciled different publishers (he settled the conflict between the “Academia” Publishing House and “Ogonyok” in 1931 and tried to prevent a clash between the “Academia” Publishing House and “The Poet’s Library” in 1933).
The Lexicon of Russian Lyrics
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Surat Irina Z.
Published: May 2024

The book on Russian lyrics is based on the analysis of separate poems, connected by common images, motifs, lyrical plots — such as “Thunderstorm”, “Tree”, “Nightingale”, “Butterfly”, “Walk”, “Dream”, “Insomnia”, “Flight into Egypt”, “Calvary” and others. Chronologically the research covers the period from the end of the 18th to the second half of the 20th century; it examines poems of Gavrila Derzhavin, Fyodor Glinka, Alexander Pushkin, Yevgeny Boratynsky, Wilhelm Küchelbecker, Mikhail Lermontov, Fyodor Tyutchev, Afanasy Fet, Innokenty Annensky, Ivan Bunin, Georgy Ivanov, Vladislav Khodasevich, Vladimir Nabokov, Velimir Khlebnikov, Alexander Blok, Osip Mandelstam, Anna Akhmatova, Marina Tsvetaeva, Boris Pasternak, Pavel Vasiliev, Nikolay Zabolotsky, Arseny Tarkovsky, Joseph Brodsky, Leonid Aronzon, Elena Shvarts, Olga Sedakova and other poets.
Risk factors for lenvatinib-induced hypertension in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective study
Authors: Uekusa Shusuke , Nakashin Misaki , Hanai Yuki , Nemoto Maho , Yanagino Sachiko , Arita Yoshiki , Matsumoto Takahiro , Wakui Noritaka , Nagai Hidenari , Higai Koji , Matsuo Kazuhiro
Published: May 2024

Aims: Lenvatinib mesylate (LEN) is an orally administered tyrosine
kinase inhibitor (TKI) used to treat various cancers, including
hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). LEN therapy for HCC is associated with a
high incidence of adverse events, including hypertension (HTN). However,
the risk factors associated with LEN therapy remain unclear. This study
aimed to investigate the incidence of LEN-induced HTN (LENiHTN) and the
relationship between the incidence of HTN and patient demographics in
patients with HCC receiving LEN therapy. Methods: This was a
single-centre, retrospective study of patients with HCC who received LEN
therapy between 19 April 2018 and 30 September 2020. The observation
period was from 1 week before the start to 1 month after the end of LEN
administration. Results: In total, 75 patients with HCC were enrolled.
LENiHTN of any grade was found in 74.7% of patients. The use of two or
more antihypertensive agents before starting LEN was more common (P =
0.007); serum potassium (K), and albumin–bilirubin score (ALBI) were
lower (P = 0.013 and 0.038, respectively); and albumin (Alb) was higher
(P = 0.025). The cut-off values of K, Alb, and ALBI for HTN were
estimated to be 4.1 mEq L-1, 3.1 g dL-1, and -1.736, respectively. In
the multivariate analysis, K and ALBI were independent risk factors for
LENiHTN. Conclusion: Low K and high ALBI were independent risk factors
for LENiHTN. Systematic evaluation of HTN risk and early intervention
for HTN prevention among high-risk patients can markedly enhance the
efficacy and utilisation of LEN therapy.
Carbon-based Textile structured Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Smart Wearables
Authors: Sayam Abdullah , Rahman Mahfuzur , Sayem Abu Sadat , Ahmed A T M Faiz , Belal Shah Alimuzzaman
Published: May 2024

Advancements in wearable electronics have been propelled by the rapid
growth of the Internet of Things (IoT). The proliferation of electronic
devices and sensors, fueled by the growth of IoT, heavily relies on
power sources, predominantly batteries, with significant implications
for the environment. To address this concern and reduce carbon
emissions, there is a growing emphasis on renewable energy harvesting
technologies, among which triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) play a
pivotal role. Textile-based triboelectric nanogenerators (T-TENGs) stand
out as innovative and sustainable solutions, possessing characteristics
including large contact area, lightweight design, flexibility, comfort,
scalability, and breathability. These smart wearables harness mechanical
energy from human movement, converting it into electric energy. However,
one of the persistent challenges is low electric power output. Decisive
solutions involved meticulous selection of material pairs with
significant differences in work function and optimizing contact areas.
The incorporation of carbon-based nanomaterials, such as carbon
nanotubes (CNT) and graphene, emerges as a key strategy to enhance
multifunctionality and output. While carbon-based nanomaterials offer
impressive surface area, roughness, and electron mobility, the full
potential of these structures remains untapped due to a lack of
collaboration among experts in TENGs, textiles, and carbonaceous
nanofillers. Herein, the recent progress of carbonaceous nanofillers
incorporated T-TENG is presented. This review delineates recent progress
in T-TENGs incorporating carbonaceous nanofillers, comprehensively
addressing fundamental classification, operational mode, structural
design, and working performance. Furthermore, the analysis also delves
into potential challenges hindering commercialization. By presenting a
comprehensive overview, this review aims to foster collaboration across
diverse research fields and stimulate future investigations into
sustainable, high-performance smart wearables.
Characteristics and Medication Use Patterns of Pregnancies with COVID-19 Ending in Live-Birth in the Sentinel System
Authors: Shinde Mayura , Cosgrove Austin , Lyons Jennifer G. , Kempner Maria E. , Mosley Jolene , Cole David , Hoffman Emma , Messenger-Jones Elizabeth , Hernández-Muñoz José J. , Stojanovic Danijela , Wong Benedict H. W. , Zhao Yueqin , Sahin Leyla , Andrade Susan E. , Toh Sengwee , Hua Wei
Published: May 2024

Background: Pregnant individuals are at high risk for
developing severe illness related to COVID-19. We adapted the “COVID-19
infectiOn aNd medicineS In pregnancy” (CONSIGN) CONSIGN study protocol
as part of an international collaboration to understand the natural
history of COVID-19 disease among pregnant individuals in the U.S.
Methods: We identified individuals aged 12 to 55 years with
documented live-birth deliveries in the Sentinel Distributed Database
who had at least one qualifying diagnosis for COVID-19 or
positive-confirmed nucleic acid amplification test for SARS-CoV-2. We
conducted separate 1:1 propensity score matched analyses comparing
pregnant individuals with COVID-19 to: 1) pregnant individuals without
COVID-19 during six months prior to or during pregnancy; and 2)
non-pregnant individuals with COVID-19. Results: From January
2020 to December 2022 , we identified 52,355 pregnant
individuals with COVID-19 matched to 52,355 pregnant individuals without
COVID-19. Outpatient medication use in the 30 days surrounding COVID-19
date (or matched date) was generally low but similar between pregnant
individuals with and without COVID-19. We identified 40,518 pregnant
individuals with COVID-19 matched to 40,518 non-pregnant individuals
with COVID-19. Medication use in 30 days prior to COVID-19 was higher
among non-pregnant than pregnant individuals with COVID-19. More
pregnant individuals than matched non-pregnant individuals were
classified as non-severe (87.2% vs. 79.9%); however, more non-pregnant
individuals could not have their COVID-19 severity determined (19.0%
vs. 10.0%). Conclusions: Medication use is generally low in
pregnancies with COVID-19, compared to pregnancies without COVID-19 and
non-pregnant individuals with COVID-19. Interpretation of medication
utilization patterns is challenging due to changing treatment and
prevention recommendations during the pandemic.
Modeling spatiotemporal of land use land cover change from 1998 to 2020 around the riverine area of Pendjari reserve in Benin
Authors: Makponse Dossa Armand , Maforikan Ella Sèdé , Idohou Rodrigue , Bessah Enock , Adounkpè Julien , Agyare Wilson Agyei , Adu-Bredu Stephen
Published: May 2024

Land use land cover change is the main factor which contributed to
biodiversity loss, and has affected negatively human wellbeing.
Understanding this phenomenon is important in Riverine area of Pendjari
Reserve which has been affected by anthropic disturbance for century
years, and is, nowadays, one of the most significantly biodiversity
hotspots in the West Africa. This study aims to (i) assess the trends of
land use land cover change from 1998 to 2020; (ii) predict the future of
land use land cover change for 2035 and 2050. Landsat images were used
to determine LULC dynamics for the years 1998, 2007, 2013 and 2020 using
Random Forest classification in ArcGIS software while the predicted LULC
of 2035 and 2050 were simulated using Terset 18.21. The results
indicated significant changes in LULC patterns. The wooded savannah
decreased by 4.7 %, 8 % and 11.5 % respectively during 1998-2007,
2007-2013 and 2013-2020. While shrub savannah increased by 10.5% and
3.88 % respectively 1998-2007 and 2007-2013 before declined by 1.17%.
However, the cropland from 1998-2007 decreased by 6.66 %, before
increased by 4.33% and 11.1% respectively from 2007-2013 and
2013-2020. Fallow land increased by 0.77 %, 0.83 % respectively
1998-2007 and 2013-2020, before decreasing by 0.7 % in 2007-2013.
Settlement area increased from 1998-2020. The prediction results
confirmed small decreased of wooded savannah and increased shrub
savannah, cropland and fallow. Moreover, results of 2035 predicted
settlement decreased in future and suggest African partnership will
continuous for better land management of this study area. For year 2050,
the wooded savannah will increase by 17506.7 Ha with 583.557 Ha/year
rate of change.
Efficacy and Safety of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Patients with MASLD: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Njei Basile , Al-Ajlouni Yazan A. , Lemos Samira Yaya , Ugwendum Derek , Ameyaw Prince , Njei Lea-Pearl , Boateng Sarpong
Published: May 2024

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver
disease (MASLD) significantly impacts global health, with a prevalence
affecting roughly 25% of adults worldwide. GLP-1 receptor agonists
(GLP-1RAs) offer potential therapeutic benefits beyond glycemic control,
including improvement in hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis.
Objectives: This study aims to systematically review and
meta-analyze randomized clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy and
safety of GLP-1RAs in MASLD patients, focusing on hepatic outcomes,
cardiovascular outcomes, anthropometric measurements, and mortality.
Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive database
search was conducted to include RCTs assessing GLP-1RAs’ effects on
MASLD. Quality assessment was conducted using the Revised Cochrane Risk
of Bias tool. Our meta-analysis utilized a random-effects model,
calculating standardized mean differences for continuous outcomes to
determine the agents’ efficacy and safety. Additionally, funnel plots
were generated to assess publication bias, ensuring the integrity of our
meta-analytical findings. Results: The review included 27
trials, revealing GLP-1RAs significantly improved hepatic function
markers (ALT, AST, GGT, and liver fat content) and cardiovascular risk
factors (fasting blood sugar, HbA1c levels, lipid profiles).
Additionally, GLP-1RAs were associated with significant reductions in
body weight, BMI, subcutaneous fat, and waist circumference.
Conclusion: GLP-1RAs demonstrate a promising therapeutic role
in managing MASLD, offering benefits that extend to improving liver
function, mitigating cardiovascular risk, and promoting weight loss.
Further research is needed to confirm these findings and optimize
GLP-1RAs’ usage in MASLD treatment.
The effect of down-titration and discontinuation of heart failure pharmacotherapy in older people: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Duong Mai , Gnjidic Danijela , McLachlan Andrew , Redston Mitchell , Goyal Parag , Mathieson Stephanie , Hilmer Sarah
Published: May 2024

Aim: To investigate if interventions to discontinue or down-titrate
heart failure (HF)-pharmacotherapy are feasible and associated with
risks in older people. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis
were conducted according to PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Electronic databases
were searched from inception to March 8th 2023. Randomised controlled
trials (RCTs) and observational studies included people with HF, aged
>50 years and who discontinued or down-titrated
HF-pharmacotherapy. Outcomes were feasibility (whether discontinuation
or down-titration of HF-pharmacotherapy was sustained at follow-up) and
associated risks (mortality, hospitalisation, adverse drug withdrawal
effects [ADWE]). Random-effects meta-analysis was performed when
heterogeneity was not substantial (Higgins I2<70%).
Sub-analysis by frailty status was conducted. Results: Six RCTs
(536-participants) and 27 observational studies (810,499-participants)
across six therapeutic classes were included, for 3-260 weeks follow-up.
RCTs were conducted in patients presenting with stable HF.
Down-titrating a renin-angiotensin system inhibitor (RASI) in patients
with chronic kidney disease was 76% likely than continuation (Risk
Ratio [RR] 1.76, 95%CI 1.14-2.73), with no difference in mortality
(RR 0.64, 95%CI 0.30-1.64). Discontinuation of beta-blockers were
feasible compared to continuation in preserved ejection fraction (RR
1.00, 95%CI 0.68-1.47). Participants were 25% likely to re-initiate
discontinued diuretics (RR 0.75, 95%CI 0.66-0.86). Digoxin
discontinuation was associated with 5.5-fold risk of hospitalisation
compared to continuation. Worsening HF was the commonest ADWE. One
observational study measured frailty but did not report outcomes by
frailty status. Conclusions: The appropriateness and associated risks of
down-titrating or discontinuing HF-pharmacotherapy in people aged
>75 years is uncertain. Evaluation of outcomes by frailty
status necessitates investigation.
The Fascinating World of Polymer Clathrate Hydrates: An Overview
Authors: Filonowich Dominick , Velankar Sachin , Keith John
Published: May 2024

Polymer crystal hydrates (PCHs) are crystalline solids that form between
a polymer and water. To date, only four distinct PCHs have been
discovered – one of polyoxa- cyclobutane (POCB) and water, and three
different polymorphs of polyethyleneimine (PEI) and water. These PCHs
were first reported decades ago andhave fascinating structures and
peculiar properties that make them potentially useful for a wide range
of applications including refrigeration, proton conduction membranes,
and desalination. This perspective revisits what is known about these
compounds, categorizes their sim- ilarities and differences with other
known compounds, and offers a perspective into future efforts to
discover new PCHs to address technological needs for society.
Would the occurrence of a Maunder-like solar minimum reverse the observed climate change?
Authors: Cataldi Marcio , Rangel Rafael Henrique Oliveira , Galves Vitor Luiz Victalino , Jerez Sonia , Montávez Juan Pedro , Halifa-Marín Amar , Landau Luiz
Published: May 2024

This study examines a scenario combining a prolonged solar minimum, like
the historical Maunder Minimum, with the increased CO2 emissions
characteristic of the post-industrial era. Two scenarios were developed
in NCAR/CESM 2.0 implemented at LAMMOC/UFF to create simulations from
1850 to 2000, it contrasts differing radiative forcings from 1950
onward—one reflecting actual observed changes, including rising CO2
levels, and the other simulating a decrease in solar output like that
during the Maunder Minimum but with continued CO2 growth. The results
were validated against ERA5 data and 20th-century reanalysis. By
calculating meridional averages at 30-degree latitude intervals,
distinct regional impacts of the Maunder Minimum were identified.
Notably the simulated Maunder Minimum reduced global warming by and even
mitigated 70% in HS in the last decade of the 20th century. However,
this attenuation was lower in the HN, especially in the 30-60N region
where no attenuation was observed.
Persistent High-Latitude Ocean Warming and Global Sea Level Rise Following Temporary Overshoots
Authors: Lacroix Fabrice , Burger Friedrich Anton , Silvy Yona , Schleussner Carl-Friedrich , Frölicher Thomas Lukas
Published: May 2024

As the likelihood of temporarily exceeding 1.5 °C of global warming
rises, understanding the response of the ocean-climate system to
overshooting this warming level is of increasing importance. Here, we
apply the Adaptive Emissions Reduction Approach to the Earth System
Model GFDL-ESM2M to conduct novel overshoot scenarios which temporarily
exceed 1.5 °C of global warming to 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 °C, alongside a
complementary scenario that stabilizes global temperature at 1.5 °C. The
simulation framework allows to isolate impacts attributable to the
temperature overshoots alone, both during their peaks and after their
reversals, in simulation timeframes spanning from 1861 to 2500. Our
results reveal that, while global sea surface temperatures eventually
retrace to 1.5 °C stabilization levels, substantial residual ocean
surface warming persists regionally, particularly in the North Atlantic
(regional average of up to +3.1 °C in the 3°C overshoot scenario) and
the Southern Ocean (+1.2 °C). The residual warming is primarily
attributed to the recoveries of the Atlantic and Southern Ocean
meridional overturning circulation, resulting in a reversed pattern of
disproportionate surface warming in low-latitude oceans found during the
transient peak of the overshoot. Excess subsurface heat storage in low
and mid-latitudes furthermore prevents steric sea level rise from
reverting to 1.5 °C stabilization levels in any overshoot scenario, with
sea level remaining up to 32 % higher in the 3 °C overshoot scenario.
Both peak overshoot impacts and persistent changes following overshoot
reversal bear significant implications for future assessments of
coastlines, regional climates, marine ecosystems, and ice sheets.
The Effect of the Dark Triad on Organizational Fraud
Authors: Antonicelli Shae , Felski Elizabeth A.
Published: May 2024

Our personalities affect every decision we make and our moral code. When looking at crime, we often see personality traits being used as possible explanatory factors of why crimes are committed. Fraud is no exception to this. Previous research suggests that when trying to predict which individuals are more likely to commit fraud, we should start the investigation with personality traits. The Dark Triad (DT) consists of three negative traits: narcissism, psychopathy, and Machiavellianism. Previous research found that each of the Dark Triad traits has a strong correlation to dishonesty, selfishness, and unethical behaviors (Harrison, Summers, and Mennecke 2018; Lee and Ashton 2005). The Harrison et al. (2018) study found that the presence of the Dark Triad leads to increased online fraud risk. Our research resulted in a similar conclusion for occupational fraud. In addition, we found that income level, education level, and age correlated with occupational fraud risk.
Current Approaches and Advances in Biomedical Science and Research
Authors: IE* Ozcil
Published: May 2024

Biomedical science and research encompass a broad field that serves as the foundation of modern medicine, using various scientific methods and technologies to understand, diagnose, prevent, and treat human health and diseases. This field includes many sub-disciplines such as genetics and molecular biology, cell and tissue engineering, pharmacology and drug development, medical imaging and diagnostic methods, public health, and epidemiology.
Sexual Dimorphism of Elastic Fibers in Prenatal Lung Mice
Authors: Carvalho Olga Maria de Silvério
Published: May 2024

Scientific data has revealed the existence of lung gender differences and therefore sparked a renewed interest in understanding the underlying mechanisms and their effect in the healthy lung development and/or in pathological conditions. Elastic fibers have an important role in lung development during pre and post-natal stages, because a well-developed pulmonary elastic fibers favour pre-natal lung maturation and enhance alveolarization. Sexual differences studies on lung elastic fibers content are focused essentially on the post-natal stage, with scarce data on pre-natal lung development. Using an experimental mice model, we developed this research work to study gender differences in the lungs elastic fibers during gestational days E15-E19, using image analysis and elastin HPLC methodologies. Our results show significant sexual dimorphism in lung elastin and elastic fibers content pre-natal stage, which is more evident in the last two gestational days (E18 and E19). Female’s mice have more elastin and elastic fibers which could mean that the elastogenesis process begins earlier than males. These results are an important contributes to understand the underlying factors involved in physiology and lung development sexual difference.
DESAIN MEDIA BERBASIS ACTIVE LEARNING PADA SISWA KELAS XI DI SMA KOTA PALANGKA RAYA
Authors: Yuliani Hadma , Annovasho Jhelang , Hasanah Siti Rabiatul , Ningsih Eka Wahyu
Published: May 2024

This research was conducted with the aim of producing an E-module based on Active Learning on physics subjects for class XI SMA. This research was conducted in 7 high schools in Palangka Raya City with the total number of respondents being 186 students. The research method used is the development of ADDIE with the stages including Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation. The analysis of the data used in this study is based on the results of the recapitulation of the feasibility test scores obtained from media expert validators and material expert validators. The results of the recapitulation of the feasibility test scores obtained from media experts amounted to 92.07% with a very decent category. While the results of the recapitulation of the feasibility test scores obtained from material experts are 91.85% in the very feasible category. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the Active Learning-based E-module in Physics class XI SMA is very feasible to be used as one of the learning media for students.
PENGEMBANGAN KOMIK DILENGKAPI AUGMENTED REALITY DAN GAME WORDWALL PADA POKOK BAHASAN TATA SURYA DI SMP
Authors: Atong Ignatius , Sirait Judyanto , Oktavianty Erwina
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan komik yang dilengkapi augmented reality dan game wordwall pada pokok bahasan tata surya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Research and Development (R&D) yang menggunakan model ADDIE dengan tahapan analysis, design, development, implementation, dan evaluation. Instrumen penelitian untuk mengetahui tingkat validitas produk menggunakan lembar validasi ahli media, ahli materi, dan ahli bahasa sedangkan untuk mengetahui tingkat kepraktisan produk menggunakan angket respon guru dan angket respon peserta didik. Jenis data yang dikumpulkan terdiri dari data kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil validasi menunjukkan masing-masing 0,9, 0,9, dan 0,91 untuk aspek media, materi, dan bahasa yang termasuk kategori validitas sangat tinggi. Sedangkan respon guru dari angket memperoleh nilai 4,6 yang termasuk kategori sangat praktis. Hasil penilaian produk oleh  peserta didik masing-masing  88% dan85% untuk uji kelompok kecil dan uji kelompok besar yang termasuk kategori sangat praktis. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa komik komik yang dilengkapi augmented reality dan game wordwall dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu media pembelajaran IPA pada materi tata surya.Kata Kunci: komik, augmented reality, game wordwall, tata surya
Mediation in Ukraine: historical and legal background and perspectives
Authors: Lukashevych I. M.
Published: May 2024

In the article, the author reveals the historical prerequisites for the birth and development of the mediation institute on the territory of modern Ukraine. Attention is focused on the prospects for the further development of mediation, the expansion of the practice of its application in Ukraine. It was noted that the law, as a result of the evolution of society and the most effective social regulator tested by thousands of years of experience, is designed to prevent the emergence of acute conflicts in society and to balance the interests of the main segments of the population regarding the use, protection and protection of material goods and intangible values. The dialectics of legal regulation proves that society has historically tried to develop and implement mechanisms to prevent and overcome legal conflicts, realizing that legal conflicts are potentially dangerous for the entire society and for each person. It has been established that the institution of mediation is not new in the system of combating legal conflicts, it was born in the European states of the ancient era and retains its relevance even today. Therefore, it is quite logical to start the scientific study of mediation, its theoretical-legal and practical aspects with the analysis of the historical-legal prerequisites of its emergence in Ukraine and further prospects for its development. The author concluded that the prerequisite for the development of the institution of mediation in all developed legal systems is the awareness of the majority of the international community (states and international organizations) and active consumers of mediation services – participants in international private legal relations - of the effectiveness, convenience and perspective of settling their legal disputes not through numerous courts , and through the mediation of a jointly chosen independent entity – a mediator. The clearest proof of Ukrainian society’s readiness for mediation was the adoption at the national level of a special legislative act «On Mediation», which defines the legal basis and procedure for conducting mediation as an extrajudicial procedure for conflict (dispute) settlement, the principles of mediation, the status of a mediator, requirements for his training and other issues, related to this procedure.
Legal Basis of the Formation and Functioning of the Democratic Regime: the Antinomy of Liberalism and Totalitarism
Authors: Sukhonos V. V.
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the problems of the legal foundations of the formation and functioning of a democratic regime in its liberal and totalitarian dimensions.
At the same time, since the unlimited power of the people hides the danger of totalitarianism, which has repeatedly manifested itself in the past of both our country and the world as a whole, the study of the democratic regime is of an urgent nature.
Therefore, the purpose of this study is the legal basis of the formation and functioning of a democratic regime in the context of its interaction with liberalism and totalitarianism. The implementation of the specified goal requires the performance of a number of scientific tasks.
The article substantiates that «pure» political regimes have a sufficiently abstract character. It was found that within the framework of the «dual» approach there are two dichotomies of political regimes: depending on the interaction of the state with the individual and according to the affiliation of sovereignty. It is proven that as a result of duality, the regime of «totalitarian democracy» is distinguished, an example of which is the USSR during the era of the personality cult of Y. Stalin, and the regime of «liberal democracy», the example of which is the USA for a significant part of its history. The article concludes that the philosophical foundation of «totalitarian democracy» was formed within the framework of the so-called «theory of collectivist democracy», according to which the people were considered as a multi-headed single collective being, which could often have negative consequences in the form of, for example, the maxim «enemy of the people». It is emphasized that the involvement of the broad masses of the people in the repressive Stalinist system created a certain «democratic surrogate» - the Soviet «totalitarian democracy», under which the Soviet people are involved in the trials of the «enemies of the people» (democratic dimension), and the nature of the repression itself has a mass character, which brings it closer to genocide (totalitarian dimension). It was found that the liberal-democratic regime in the USA was formed as a result of the combination of the fact that the people take an active part in the sending of state power (democratic dimension) and the constitutional and legal declaration, as a fundamental principle, of freedom (liberal dimension).
The practical value of the work lies in the need to create safeguards for the revival of totalitarianism in the world in conditions of active use of the postulates of democracy by non-democratic regimes.
Formation and development of the idea of guaranteeing human and civil rights and freedoms in the theoretical and legal heritage of Ukraine
Authors: Demianishyn Y. V.
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of historical development and formation of the ideas of guaranteeing human and civil rights and freedoms in the context of the theoretical and legal heritage of Ukraine. The author examines the key stages of the evolution of legal ideas, from ancient times to the present, noting the influence of different historical periods on the formation of the modern concept of human rights. Knowledge of the historical experience and theoretical foundations of human rights guarantees helps to formulate strategies and policies that can ensure real protection of fundamental rights and freedoms in conditions when they are threatened by external aggression and internal challenges. The article focuses on the importance of developing a natural law concept based on the principles of freedom, equality and justice, which are considered fundamental to understanding human rights. A special place in the analysis is occupied by the study of the Lithuanian Statute, Magdeburg Lawand the role of polemical works in the development of legal consciousness. The authors point to the multifaceted approaches to the study of human rights, their origin, content and relationship with the state, emphasising the importance of democratic regimes in the consolidation and enforcement of rights and freedoms. The conclusions emphasise that the notion of human rights as natural and primary is crucial for the development of Ukrainian political and legal thought, which contributed to the formation of the rule of law and civil society in Ukraine. In the context of post-war reconstruction, the authors emphasise the critical importance of respecting and ensuring human rights and freedoms as a basis for the restoration and development of a democratic society. Democratic regimes that uphold the principles of freedom, equality and justice are key to the effective reconstruction and stabilisation of society. The adoption of international human rights standards and their integration into national policies will be key to successful post-war reconstruction, while laying a solid foundation for Ukraine’s future development.
The newest human rights: binary approaches to their definition
Authors: Kontsevich V. A.
Published: May 2024

While for medical professionals, a scientific breakthrough in medicine the like of the ability for transplantation, cloning, and the active implementation of reproductive technologies for addressing infertility is a reason for celebration, then, for legal professionals, it primarily serves as a basis for fruitful work.
The issue of newest human rights belongs to the realm of global theoretical and legal issues that can no longer be ignored. Specific constitutional decisions regarding the fourth-generation human rights should be preceded by their scientific contemplation within the framework of legal theory. We believe that such scientific research should be comprehensive, and specific legal conclusions, due to the specific nature of the rights under research, may be supplemented by arguments of philosophical, medical, or religious nature.
On the one hand, progress in science and technology positively impacts the realization of already enshrined human rights, opening up new opportunities for their enforcement, protection, and the creation of new areas for international cooperation in this field, opens up new human needs and opportunities, and on the other hand, quite unexpectedly, it can also have a negative impact, creating new threats to the realization of the interests of individuals, society, or the state.
Ensuring and protecting the fourth-generation human rights are essential tasks for all national governments, human rights organizations, and the international community as a whole. We emphasize the need to improve the legal framework for ensuring all the newest human rights. The level of recognition and enforcement of such rights indicates the essence of the state and can serve as one of the criteria for recognizing it as a rule of law and democracy.
We stress that the research of the fourth-generation human rights is important for several reasons, as they are inextricably linked to other human rights, such as the right to life, health, personal integrity, the right to safe living conditions, etc. Understanding the specifics of newest rights will help ensure the physical, emotional and informational security of a person, and secure their freedom of action based on respect for the personalities of others.
The article distinguishes somatic rights, defining them as those that provide a person with additional opportunities in the field of health care. We emphasize that somatic rights should be viewed as an independent group of human rights that meets the interests and needs of modern person. We characterize them as personal subjective human rights, which realize the freedom of action of a person in relation to his or her body.
Problematic aspects of the implementation of legal guarantees of human and citizen rights in Ukraine
Authors: Misyats A. P.
Published: May 2024

The article describes the basic rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen, which are inalienable rights and freedoms enjoyed by a person from birth. They form the basis of the legal status enshrined in the state constitution and enjoy the highest legal protection. The most important and complex relations between people and the relations between the state and the person in legal form are regulated by formulating the rights, freedoms and obligations underlying the legal status of a person, which is one of the most important not only legal, but also juridical. also political categories. The most important features of the rights and freedoms of a person and a citizen are: naturalness, continuity, equality, social justification, respect for international standards, state guarantee.
The problem of guaranteeing the rights and freedoms of a person by giving them a real character is not only of a practical nature. In the modern context of the development of the rule of law and civil society, it is important to develop a holistic scientific concept of human rights and freedoms, which covers a wide range of theoretical provisions regarding the essence and content of rights and freedoms, their structure and mechanism. Local self-government bodies play an important role in ensuring constitutional rights and freedoms.
A real environment for the existence of human rights is possible in the conditions of a democratic state governed by the rule of law. Democracy, rule of law and human rights are inseparable. The rule of law is a guarantee of the reality of human rights in terms of protection from violations by the authorities, and human rights are the main condition and characteristic of democracy, the humanistic and human dimension of the rule of law.
The article concludes that the basis of democracy in the state is the guarantee of the rights and freedoms of man and citizen by the Constitution of the state, not only formally, but also in practice. Therefore, taking into account the individual shortcomings of state bodies in regulating the system of human and citizen rights, the number of human rights organizations is growing day by day, both at the national and international levels. At the same time, the article concludes that it is impossible to build a legal state in a society with developed legal nihilism. And respect for the rights of society can be caused only by concern for the same rights of people and citizens.
Legality of restrictions on the right to freedom of movement in the conditions of armed conflict
Authors: Mikhnevych L. V.
Published: May 2024

The article examines the legitimate conditions for limiting the right to freedom of movement as established by international standards. It was determined that the Universal Declaration of Human Rights contains universal conditions for limiting all rights, without singling out freedom of movement. However, the act establishes general principles such as the exclusivity of restriction terms, formal certainty, and completeness of the list of restriction goals. Later documents supplemented these conditions with the social necessity of the restriction and the proportionality of the means of restriction with their legitimate goals. In the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and in Protocol No. 4 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, the legitimate purposes of restricting freedom of movement were separately defined. These include the protection of national security, public order, the health or morals of the population, the rights and freedoms of other persons, and the prevention of crimes. These limitations are exhaustive, and national legislation should not go beyond them.
The author analyzed the conditions for admissibility of restricting the right to freedom of movement under normal and emergency conditions. It was concluded that general requirements apply to the restriction of the right to freedom of movement during a state of emergency (armed conflict), as well as to restrictions under normal conditions. These requirements include prohibitions of destruction and excessive restriction that would be contrary to international human rights standards, as well as encroachment on the essential content of the right to freedom of movement. The criteria for the admissibility of restrictions on the right to freedom of movement, such as legality, necessity, and legitimacy of the purpose of the restriction, should also be applied. However, under extraordinary conditions, such as a state of emergency, there are increased demands. The right to derogate from international human rights obligations is possible in the presence or imminence of public danger within the limits corresponding to the severity of the situation and according to the procedure of official and public notification. Characteristic signs of restriction of the right to freedom of movement in the conditions of an emergency are their massive but temporary nature.
The Right to Defend the Homeland v. the Duty to Defend the Homeland
Authors: Savchyn M.
Published: May 2024

The central issue in the context of the russo-ukrainian war due to the aggression of the Russian Federation is the interpretation of whether it should be interpreted as the right to defense or as the duty to defend the Motherland. The problem seems to be understudied in the literature, although in fact it is revealed in considerable detail from the point of view of national security and extraordinary protection of the constitution.
The article reveals the structure of the right to defend the Homeland in the context of existential threats to the Ukrainian nation through the lens of positive duties of the State and the principle of republicanism as the basis for joint activities of citizens. The author proposes an approach to resolving the dilemma of the right/obligation to defend the Homeland as ensuring the security space of free citizens and identifies the main components of the subjective public right to defend the Homeland and the obligations of the State which correspond to it. The structure of the right to defence of the Homeland consists of a set of institutional and procedural means of ensuring Ukraine’s defence capability as a security space for citizens who exercise their right to defend Ukraine, and the State’s obligations to 1) keeping records of the population capable of performing functions of defending the Motherland; 2) organizing military training and teaching tactical medicine to citizens; 3) providing the population with military ammunition and their effective administration; 4) organizing the controllability of the national defence system in the event of a military The notion of defence of the Homeland as the right to resist despotism and aggression is crucial in understanding the structure of the responsibilities of the State of Ukraine and the corresponding joint activities of citizens to implement systematic measures to build an effective defence capability of the nation and the State. Building up the territorial defence forces makes it possible to quickly deploy military units in case of an enemy troop breakthrough into the rear of the national territory and provide them with a worthy response, destroying enemy military units and conducting adequate retaliatory operations.
Features of copyright inheritance
Authors: Taranenko O. M.
Published: May 2024

The article examines the provisions of the current legislation of Ukraine concerning the inheritance of copyright, and considers specific property copyrights as an object of inheritance. The content and essence of personal non-property and property copyrights under current Ukrainian legislation are clarified. It is stated that intellectual property rights may be transferred from one person to another, and therefore they may be the subject of inheritance relations. The author emphasises that transfer of such rights by inheritance is one of the non-contractual ways of disposing of intellectual property rights. Based on the study conducted, the author finds out that, as a general rule, only proprietary copyrights are transferred to heirs by inheritance. Thus, the author has found out that the heirs may inherit the right to use a work, the exclusive right to allow or prohibit the use of a work, and the right to prevent unlawful use of a work. At the same time, it is proved that some non-property copyrights in a truncated form may also be inherited, but their scope and nature remain controversial in science. It is determined that the author’s heirs have the right to protect the author’s personal non-property rights, in particular, to counteract the distortion, misrepresentation or other alteration of the work, as well as any other encroachment on the work which may harm the author’s honour and reputation. It is also determined that in the event of the author’s death, the author’s heirs, interested parties, or a person authorised by the author may protect the inviolability of the work. In addition, the author analyses a number of specific copyrights which do not have provisions on inheritance in the legislation, and based on the opinions of scholars, draws conclusions about the possibility of their transfer by way of inheritance. Thus, the author identifies the problematic issues regarding the possibility of transferring the right to participate in the implementation of projects of works of architecture, urban planning, and landscape gardening by way of inheritance. The author also finds out that the right of access to a work of fine art, although it has a property content, cannot be inherited due to the close connection with the personality of the creator-author. The author proves that the right of imitation is inherited and is valid for the same term as property copyrights, but it cannot be alienated to other persons, either by the author or his/her heirs.