bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aporte y descomposición de hojarasca en bosques templados de la región de El Salto, Durango
Authors: Moreno Valdez María Emma , Domínguez Gómez Tilo Gustavo , Alvarado María del Socorro , Guadalupe Colín José , Corral Rivas Sacramento , González Rodríguez Humberto
Published: May 2018

A fin de conocer el aporte y descomposición de hojarasca como un proceso ecosistémico a través del cual se transfieren nutrientes al suelo, se evaluaron dos sitios de estudio (2 500 m2) durante un año: El Brillante, donde la estructura forestal está condicionada por Quercus sideroxyla y Pinus cooperi var. Ornelasii; y Santa Bárbara, con Cupressus lusitanica y Pseudotsuga menziesii y diferente composición de especies; en cada uno se instalaron 10 colectores de hojarasca de 1 m2, en los que la recolecta se hizo quincenalmente. Dicho material fue separado en componentes: hojas, estructuras reproductivas, ramas, corteza, insectos, heces y otros (musgo, resina y tejido no identificado). Para medir la descomposición foliar se distribuyeron, por sitio, 160 bolsas con 10 g de hojarasca seca que se revisaron cada mes. La producción de hojarasca total fue de 5.9 (El Brillante) y de 3.6 Mg ha-1 año-1 (Santa Bárbara). Mediante un análisis de regresión, el modelo Exponencial Negativo Simple fue el mejor para describir la relación entre el peso inicial y final en la descomposición. Para la descomposición de 50 y 90 % de la masa de las hojas, el tiempo requerido fue de 1.6 y 10.8 años, respectivamente. El Brillante tiene una mayor producción de hojarasca; sin embargo, el proceso de descomposición es semejante al de Santa Bárbara. La comparación de promedios en el aporte de hojarasca y descomposición de la fracción foliar para los sitios de estudio se realizó con la prueba no paramétrica de U de Mann-Whitney.
I bibliotecari nelle nuove soprintendenze
Authors: Messina Maurizio
Published: May 2018

The paper is about the reorganisation of the Authorities for book and archives of the Italian Ministry of Cultural Heritage. After an examination of the new legislation, some procedure inconsistencies are outlined and the role of librarians is discussed.
Fotografare per conservare: libera riproduzione come opportunità per la tutela del patrimonio archivistico e bibliografico
Authors: Modolo Mirco
Published: May 2018

On 29th August 2017 the competition law (L. 124) came into effect, sanctioning free reproduction with personal devices of public domain books and archival sources. As a direct consequence public libraries and archives immediateley allowed users to make digital copies of records in consultation removing several onerous levels of bureaucracy and making the role of a researcher much easier. The present essay analyses the document of Consiglio Superiore per i Beni Culturali e Paesaggistici of Minister of Cultural Heritage, Activities and Tourism (16-05-2016) and two ministerial circular letters containing guidelines on free self reproductions in public libraries and archives. The paper emphasises the importance of free reproduction in order to improve preservation of archival records and historical volumes and to relaunch the role of archives and libraries as centres of cultural dissemination in our society.
Finalità e significato del restauro dei manoscritti nel secolo XV
Authors: Manfredi Antonio
Published: May 2018

The present contribution is aimed at shedding focused light on some, or at least a few aspects of a (possibly) heightened ‘Humanistic’ awareness of the fact that manuscript materials are in constant need of a preservation policy. During the Humanistic period, within the frame of a renewed interest in Ancient Paganism and Christianity, an increasing amount of hardly well-known, if not almost entirely forgotten antique writings emerged. A question arises: did Humanists show a somewhat concern on material aspects such as restoration and conservation of written documents? We firstly examine the Latin technical terminology; then we discuss a passage from a letter by Ambrogio Traversari, in which an apparent allusion to an incipient, though stilly rudimentary preservation practice is detectable. Eventually, we endeavour to establish if such a practice is somewhat retraceable within the library of Nicholas the fifth, and then within the early Vatican Library.
L’evoluzione del restauro dei manoscritti dal Medioevo ai giorni nostri
Authors: Choulis Konstantinos
Published: May 2018

The reasons why the study of the manuscript conservation treatments in the past is of particular interest today are explored in this paper. Furthermore, the methodology necessary for a scientific investigation on the history of manuscript treatments is elucidated. Some characteristic cases at different places and institutions are examined and also the general features of the conservation treatments in the last five centuries are given.
Dal progetto al restauro di un manoscritto polimaterico
Authors: Mazzarino Sara , Bianchi Anna , Casoli Antonella , Bolpagni Rossano , Berzioli Michela , Cherubini Stellina
Published: May 2018

Casapini’s Herbarium is an 18th century manuscript, belonging to the Palatina Library in Parma and currently stored at the Botanical Garden of Parma University. The Herbarium collects nearly 200 samples of dried plant specimens that have been severely affected by physical, biological and chemical degradation. In 2016 the Inner Wheel Club Italia-Parma Est, an international female association, decided to fund the conservation of this Herbarium in order to preserve it and allow its study. A large team of professionals, including conservators, chemists, physicists and a botanist, has been working on the project to secure this unique but very fragile object. This paper discusses the condition assessment, the identification of degradation processes and the first conservation approach to the Casapini Herbarium. Issues related to the treatment of heavily corroded areas, the resewing of the sections and the future storage of the manuscript are also identified and highlighted for further research.
Il Salterio di San Romualdo (secolo IX), primi interventi di restauro e indagini conoscitive
Authors: Sidoti Alessandro
Published: May 2018

The San Romualdo Psalter is a manuscript dating back to the 9th century, which for a long time has been thought to have been written by the saint himself. Its rubrication turned white making it completely unreadable, the previous repairs led to distortions of the parchment. The codex was dismantled and reproduced using UV fluorescence, with a remarkable improvement in the text’s readability. Previous repairs have been removed using rigid aqueous gels; distortions have been treated with humidification and tensioning with neodymium magnets. The manuscript has been resewn using a Japanese paper concertina and double thread technique, and bound on beech boards and full alum tawed goatskin.
France Facing the People’s Republic of China (1949-1964): a Policy of Economic Relations Under Control
Authors: Robin Thierry
Published: May 2018

This contribution brings to light a French policy widely subjected to the Indo-Chinese interests, to the multilateral system of control of the exchanges and, more globally, to the American politics. The attitude of the French government is marked with the seal of the opportunism, and by the will to create de facto economic relations with the Chinese, in the biggest possible discretion. The Gaullist decision of January 1964 to create diplomatic relations with the PRC takes place in a phase of intensification of the economic, technical and commercial relations.
La didattica delle lingue nel nuovo millennio
Authors: Coonan Carmel Mary , Bier Ada , Ballarin Elena
Published: May 2018

Atti del IV Congresso della società di Didattica delle Lingue e Linguistica Educativa DILLE (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, 2-4 febbraio 2017). Il fenomeno dell’internazionalizzazione è sempre più presente in ogni sfera della vita economica, sociale e culturale del paese. In ambito educativo, l’internazionalizzazione è associata a nuove condizioni culturali e linguistiche, nuove esigenze e problemi, e i suoi effetti sono ad ampio raggio, dal momento che il fenomeno produce un impatto importante sull’educazione linguistica, sui programmi formativi per gli studenti, sulla formazione dei docenti, sull’erogazione di corsi. Dietro lo sfondo della crescente natura internazionale del sistema educativo, i contributi presentati al Congresso hanno esplorato le implicazioni per l’insegnamento/apprendimento delle lingue e per l’educazione linguistica in generale.
Child Language Brokering: la percezione degli studenti di origine straniera e dei rispettivi insegnanti
Authors: Ceccoli Federica
Published: May 2018

In the last decades Italy has been undergoing large migratory waves and Italian schools have been reporting the highest numbers of multilingual students coming from immigrant families and speaking minority languages. These multilingual immigrant students may be asked to act as translators or mediators for their peers or family members who do not speak Italian fluently, thus contributing to the practice defined as Child Language Brokering (CLB). This paper will present the results of a research carried out during the school year 2014-15 in the province of Ravenna, among 27 teachers and 126 immigrant students attending four junior high schools. The aim of the study is to analyse by means of structured questionnaires whether multilingualism matches with language brokering experiences or not, to examine teachers’ opinions about this activity and the perspectives of those students who reported having acted as translators using their linguistic knowledge to help people understand each other.
L’approccio del Linguistic Landscape applicato alla didattica dell’italiano L2 per studenti internazionali
Authors: Bagna Carla , Gallina Francesca , Machetti Sabrina
Published: May 2018

The aim of this paper is to present the application of the Linguistic Landscape approach in a context of international students learning Italian as L2. This approach is usually aimed at making learners aware of language diversity and variety during the learning, teaching and assessment process. First of all we will discuss the theoretical basis of this approach and its application to language teaching and then we will present the methodological framework of an experimentation of the Linguistic Landscape approach carried out with international students with different levels of proficiency in Italian. Results of the experimentation will finally be discussed.
The Case of the Non-Native English Speaker in EMI
Authors: Clark Caroline
Published: May 2018

Internationalisation of higher education has led to an increase in the offer of English Taught Programs (ETPs) and English Medium Instruction (EMI) in the last few years. While ETPs are gaining consensus they are also generating a series of questions, often interrelated, which are begging discussion. One of these is whether there is an effect – detrimental or otherwise – of the non-native speaker (NNS) of English as the ‘sender’ or ‘receiver’ of knowledge. Research into EMI is a growing field, with numerous studies of the lecturer role, with somewhat fewer studies investigating the students’ experiences. This paper aims to investigate the interaction between the non-native speaker (NNS) lecturer and NNS student, in order to assess the perceptions of the NNS and how knowledge is negotiated in a language which is not ‘owned’ by either party.
Suplementasi Enkapsulasi Minyak Ikan Lemuru (Sardinella Longiceps) Dalam Ransum Terhadap Performans Ayam Broiler
Authors: Suteky Tatik , Fenita Yosi , Yusnita Yusnita
Published: May 2018

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Analisis Nutrisi Tempe Rebung dengan Level Inokulum Rhizopus oligosphorus yang Berbeda serta Pengaruhnya Terhadap Produksi dan Feed Konsumsi Domba Lokal Jantan
Authors: Kadarsih Siwitri
Published: May 2018

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Pengaruh Pemberian Niasin Terhadap Kadar Kolesterol Telur dan Perlemakan Serum Darah Puyuh (Coturnix coturnix japonica)
Authors: Fenita Yosi
Published: May 2018

AbstrakKolesterol sangat diperlukan dalam tubuh, namun tingginya kadar kolesterol yang disebabkan karena konsumsi kolesterol dapat meningkatkan penyakit kardiovaskuler terutama arteriosclerosis dan penyakit jantung coroner. Niasin  efektif untuk menurunkan kadar kolesterol dan trigliserida sehingga dapat mencegah terjadinya penyakit kardiovaskuler. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh pemberian niasin terhadap total lipid, kolesterol, trigliserida, LDL dan HDL serum darah puyuh. Penelitian ini menggunakan RAL dengan enam perlakuan dan lima ulangan, masing masing ulangan terdiri 6 ekor puyuh. Level niasin yang digunakan adalah 0 mg/kg (kolesterol), 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg, 800 mg/kg dan 1000 mg/kg. hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemberian niasin bahwa kadar kolesterol telur dalam penelitian ini secara signifikan turun (P<0,05) pada pemberian level niasin 600 ppm dan dengan level 1000 mg/kg secara signifikan menurunkan kadar total lipid (21,56%), kolesterol (40,16%), trigliserida (25,87%), LDL (29,71%), dan meningkatkan kadar of HDL (37,77%) dari serum darah puyuh.Kata kunci : Kolesterol, Trigliserida, LDL, HDL, Puyuh, NIasin
Pengaruh Pemberian Tepung Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya) terhadap Kadar Protein dan Lemak pada Telur Puyuh
Authors: Santoso Urip , Fenita Yosi
Published: May 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi tepung daun pepaya terhadap kadar protein dan lemak dalam telur puyuh. Perlakuan dibedakan berdasarkan level pemberian tepung daun pepaya yang diberikanpada pakansebagai berikut. P0 = Pakan yang tidak mengandung tepung daun pepaya (0%); P1 = Pakan yang mengandung 2,5% tepung daun pepaya; P2 = Pakan yang mengandung 5% tepung daun pepaya; P3 = Pakan yang mengandung 7,5% tepung daun pepaya dan; P4 = Pakan yang mengandung 10% tepung daun pepaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian tepung daun pepaya secara nyata (P<0,05) meningkatkan kadar protein dan kadar lemak telur puyuh.Kata kunci: Tepung daun pepaya, lemak, protein, telur puyuh
Pemberian Pupuk Fosfat dan Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskular terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Legum Pohon (Indigofera zollingeriana)
Authors: Laksono J. , Karyono T.
Published: May 2018

Tujuan dari penelitan ini adalah  untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan legum pohon  Indigofera terhadap pemberian pupuk fosfat dan fungi mikoriza. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah  dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap  (RAL) pola faktorial  dengan 2 faktor perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Faktor pertama  adalah fungi mikoriza dengan level pemberian M0 : Tanpa Mikoriza, M1 : 5 gr Mikoriza / polybag, M2 : 10 gr Mikoriza/ polybag. Faktor kedua fosfat dengan perlakuan, P0 : Tanpa Pupuk, P1 : Pupuk Rock Fosfat (20% P2O5) 270kg/ha  P2 : Pupuk SP-36 (36% P2O5) 150 kg/ha.  Hasil penelitian pertumbuhan tanaman indigofera yang diberi perlakuan fungi mikoriza arbuskular dan pupuk fospat menunjukan berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05)  terhadap tinggi tanaman,  serta berpengaruh tidak nyata (P>0,05)  terhadap diameter batang, jumlah cabang dan jumlah nodul. Pertumbuhan tanaman Indigofera zollligeriana yang diberi pupuk fosfat P2 : Pupuk SP-36 (36% P2O5) 150 kg/ha dan Inokulasi fungi mikoriza M2 :10 gr Mikoriza/ polybag memberikan hasil terbaik pada parameter tinggi tanaman. Kata kunci: Mikoriza, pupuk fosfat, Indigofera, rock pospat
Oligosaccharides, an Alternative to Antibiotics Growth Promotant: A Review
Authors: Nurmeiliasari Nurmeiliasari
Published: May 2018

Meningkatnya permintaan masyarakat akan produk ternak unggas menyebabkan pesatnya pertumbuhan industri perunggasan. Dalam kurun waktu yang cukup panjang, penggunaan antibiotic sebagai zat “pemacu pertumbuhan”, telah umum dimanfaatkan oleh peternak dengan tujuan untuk memaksimalkan produksi dan menekan resiko penyakit pada unggas, serta untuk menekan biaya produksi. Adanya isu bakteri resistan yang terkandung dalam produk unggas menyebabkan konsumen menolakproduk unggas tersebut. Sebagai gantinya, kemudian digunakan prebiotik yang juga merupakan zat pemacu pertumbuhan. Namun prebiotik memiliki beberapa kelemahan yaitu antara lain ketersediaan,stabilitas dan dapat menyebabkan gangguan pada mikroflora saluran pencernaan. Beberapa hasil penelitian kemudian merekomendasikan pengunaan prebiotik oligosakarida, seperti fructooligosakarida,galactooligosakarida, mannan oligosakarida laktosukrosa, and xylooligosakarida, yang merupakan zat pemacu pertumbuhan yang aman digunakan dalam industri perunggasan. Kelompok oligosakarida inimerupakan zat pemacu pertumbuhan alternatif yang tepat digunakan untuk menggantikan antibiotic tanpa mengubah performans produksi unggas.Kata kunci: promotant pertumbuhan, antibiotik, oligosakarida, produk unggas yang aman.
Pengaruh Penambahan Enzim Protease Tanaman Terhadap Sifat Fisik dan Organoleptik Daging Sapi
Authors: Okfrianti Yenni , Kamsiah Kamsiah , Fitryani Yessy
Published: May 2018

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan enzim protease tanaman terhadap sifat fisik dan organoleptik (rasa, tekstur, dan warna) daging sapi.  Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan sepuluh perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada pengaruh penambahan enzim protease tanaman (enzim papain dari buah pepaya, bromelin dari buah nanas, dan protease thiol dari rimpang jahe) terhadap  susut masak dan warna daging sapi ( p >0,05). Serta adanya pengaruh  penambahan enzim protease tanaman terhadap rasa dan tekstur daging sapi ( p < 0,05).Kata kunci: Protease, fisik, organoleptik, daging.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Ekstrak Daun Katuk Minyak Ikan Lemuru dan Vitamin E terhadap Performans Dan Kualitas Daging Ayam Broiler
Authors: Zain Basyaruddin
Published: May 2018

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak daun katuk, minyak ikan lemuru dan vitamin E sebagai pengganti feed suplement komersial terhadap performans dan kualitas daging ayam broiler.  Seratus sembilan puluh lima ekor ayam broiler didistribusikan menjadi 13 kelompok perlakuan yaitu: P0: Pakan mengandung  feed suplement komersial (pakan kontol).  P1: 9 g/kg ekstrak daun katuk (EDK) + 1% minyak ikan lemuru.  P2: 9 g/kg ekstrak daun katuk (EDK) + 1% minyak ikan lemuru + 60 mg vit E.  P3: 9 g/kg ekstrak daun katuk (EDK) + 2% minyak ikan lemuru.  P4: 9 g/kg ekstrak daun katuk (EDK) + 2% minyak ikan lemuru + 60 mg vit E.   P5: 9 g/kg ekstrak daun katuk (EDK) + 3% minyak ikan lemuru.  P6: 9 g/kg ekstrak daun katuk (EDK) + 3% minyak ikan lemuru + 60 mg vit E.  P7: 18 g/kg ekstrak daun katuk (EDK) + 1% minyak ikan lemuru.  P8: 18 g/kg ekstrak daun katuk (EDK) + 1% minyak ikan lemuru + 60 mg vit E.  P9: 18 g/kg ekstrak daun katuk (EDK) + 2% minyak ikan lemuru. P10: 18 g/kg ekstrak daun katuk (EDK) + 2% minyak ikan lemuru + 60 mg vit E.  P11: 18 g/kg ekstrak daun katuk (EDK) + 3% minyak ikan lemuru.  P12: 18 g/kg ekstrak daun katuk (EDK) + 3% minyak ikan lemuru + 60 mg vit E. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 13 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Setiap ulangan terdiri dari 5 ekor ayam broiler, jumlah ayam dalam penelitian sebanyak 195 ekor. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis sesuai rancangan yang digunakan (Rancangan Acak Lengkap) dan Uji DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) untuk menguji perbedaan pengaruh perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan ekstrak daun katuk, minyak ikan lemuru dan vitamin E berbeda tidak nyata (P>0.05) terhadap konsumsi ransum, pertambahan berat badan dan konversi ransum ayam broiler serta berbeda sangat nyata (P<0.01) terhadap kadar kolesterol, trigliserida, LDL-kolesterol dan HDL-kolesterol dalam serum darah broiler dan  berbeda sangat nyata (P<0.01) terhadap kadar kolesterol,  lemak dan kadar protein daging broiler.Kata Kunci: Daging, ekstrak, Katuk, Lemuru, performans, vitamin E
Analisis Morfometrik Lebah Madu Pekerja Apis cerana Budidaya pada Dua Ketinggian Tempat yang Berbeda
Authors: Novita Novita , Saepudin Rustama , Sutriyono Sutriyono
Published: May 2018

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan morfometrik lebah madu pekerja Apis cerana berdasarkan perbedaan tempat hidup pada dataran tinggi (500-<1000 m dpl) dan dataran rendah (0-100 m dpl). Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel 50 ekor lebah Apis cerana di setiap lokasi. Pengukuran bagian tubuh lebah madu dilakukan di Laboratorium Peternakan Universitas Bengkulu dengan menggunakan mikroskop projektor (LAS EZ V2.0.0) perbesaran 8 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berat badan (BB), panjang probosis (PP) dan panjang femur tungkai belakang (PFB) lebah madu pekerja di dataran tinggi dan dataran rendah (lebah introduksi dan lebah alami) berbeda nyata (P<0,05), sedangkan panjang tibia, metatarsus tungkai belakang, panjang sayap, lebar sayap dan ukuran tergit ke-4 abdomen secara statistik tidak ada perbedaan (P>0,05). Berat badan dan panjang femur tungkai belakang tertinggi diperoleh pada lebah madu dataran tinggi (Kepahiang), sedangkan panjang probosis tertinggi diperoleh pada lebah madu alami di dataran rendah (Kota Bengkulu). Ada indikasi bahwa perbedaan ini terjadi dalam upaya proses adaptasi lebah terhadap lingkungan hidupnya. Dari temuan di atas dapat disimpulkan bahwa ketinggian tempat hidup berpengaruh terhadap morfometrik lebah madu pekerja Apis cerana.Kata Kunci : Apis cerana, morfometrik, ketinggian tempat
Pengaruh Pemberian Tepung Daun Katuk (Sauropus androgynus) Dalam Ransum Terhadap Kualitas Telur Itik Mojosari (Anas javanica)
Authors: Simanjuntak Rina , Santoso Urip , Akbarillah Tris
Published: May 2018

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh pemberian tepung daun katuk dalam ransum terhadap kualitas telur itik Mojosari. Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 36 ekor itik Mojosari.Ternak percobaan dikelompokkan menjadi empat perlakuan sebagai berikut: R0 (ransum tanpa tepung katuk), R1 (ransum + 2,5% tepung daun katuk), R2 (ransum + 5% tepung daun katuk) dan R3 (ransum + 7,5% tepung daun katuk) dengan tiga ulangan (masing-masing ulangan terdiri atas tiga itik Mojosari). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama 8 minggu mulai 23 Juli sampai 17 September 2012. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian tepung daun katuk (Sauropus androgynus) dengan taraf 2,5%, 5% dan 7,5% dalam ransum meningkatkan warna kuning telur dan uji organoleptik telur itik Mojosari. Hasil analisis sidik ragam (ANOVA) menunjukkan adanya perbedaan warna kuning telur itik Mojosari yang sangat nyata (P<0,01). Hasil uji organoleptik (bau, rasa dan warna) berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01) dipengaruhi tepung daun katuk. Penambahan tepung daun katuk dalam ransum berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap indeks telur, berat kerabang telur, tebal kerabang, haugh unit, indeks kuning telur dan indeks putih telur itik Mojosari dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian tepung daun katuk (Sauropus androgynus)dengan level 5-7,5% dalam ransum dapat meningkatkan warna kuning telur, meningkatkan rasa telur dan mengurangi bau amis.Kata kunci: Tepung daun katuk (Sauropus androgynus), kualitas telur, itik Mojosari
Tafsir Islami atas Perjuangan Sultan Khairun dalam Melawan Portugis di Kawasan Maluku Utara (Sebuah Analisis Berdasarkan Teori Islam dan Teori Politik Kolonial Niccolo Machiavelli)
Authors: Darmawijaya Darmawijaya
Published: May 2018

This article is a study of Ternate history by using the religious per-spective as a tool in order to present a historical study of the relationship between the Sultanate of Ternate and the Portuguese. This study indicates that Sultan Khairun is a good, sincere, intellect and caring Sultan in maintaining relationships with the Portuguese in Ternate which came to the island before he was appointed as Sultan. In an effort to maintain a good relationship with the Portuguese, Sultan tried to promote respect for guests, forgiving, honest and keep promises, and assume good faith (positive thinking). It can be seen, for example, from the attitude of the Sultan Khairun when giving Francis Xavier an in-depth discussion and efforts to forgive two Portuguese governors who had detained and arrested him unilaterally. He also accepted the invitation from Lopes de Masquita to hold a peace agreement. Though the peace talk was just a cunning strategy of the Portuguese Governor to paralyze the Sultan Khairun. As a consequence, Sultan Khairun was killed at Fort Kastela. His death is martyrdom in the way of Allah in order to build a good relationship consistently for the betterment of his country. It is all a reflection of a Sultan who was inspired by the teachings of Islam to build a safe, fair and prosperous civilization.

Key Words : Islamic exegesis, Sultan Khairun, and Portuguese.

Artikel ini merupakan kajian sejarah Ternate dengan menggunakan ilmu agama sebagai alat bantu dalam rangka menghadirkan sebuah kajian sejarah hubungan antara Kesultanan Ternate dan Portugis. Studi ini mengindikasikan bahwa Sultan Khairun adalah seorang Sultan yang baik, intelek ikhlas dan berlapang hati dalam menjaga relasinya dengan Portugis yang telah ada di Ternate sebelum ia diangkat sebagai Sultan. Dalam upaya menjaga relasinya dengan Portugis, Sultan berusaha mengedepankan sikap menghargai tamu, pemaaf, jujur dan menepati janji, serta berprasangka baik (berpikir positif). Itu bisa terlihat, misalnya, dari sikap Sultan Khairun yang berusaha melayani Francis Xavier dalam berdiskusi secara mendalam dan usahanya dalam memaafkan dua Gubernur Portugis yang telah menahan dan menangkapnya secara sepihak. Sikapnya yang baik itu terlihat kembali ketika ia menerima dengan baik ajakan Lopes de Masquita untuk mengadakan perjanjian damai. Padahal perjanjjian damai itu hanyalah strategi licik dari Sang Gubernur untuk melumpuhkan Sultan Khairun. Melalui tipuan licik itu, Sultan Khairun yang baik dan intelek itu harus rela menemui kematian secara mengenaskan di Benteng Kastela. Kematiannya merupakan kematian syahid di jalan Allah dalam rangka membangun hubungan yang baik secara konsisten demi kemajuan negerinya. Itu semua adalah cerminan seorang Sultan yang banyak diilhami oleh ajaran Islam yang ingin membangun peradaban yang aman, adil dan makmur.

Kata Kunci : Tafsir Islami, Sultan Khairun dan Portugis.
Theoretical studies on the electron paramagnetic resonance parameters for the tetragonal VO2+ center in CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 system
Authors: Lin J.Z. , Zhang B.F.
Published: May 2018

In this work, thehighorderperturbationformulaeoftheelectronparamagneticresonance (EPR) parameters, g \& A for a VO$^{2+}$3d$^1$ ion in tetragonal symmetry (compressedoctahedron) are adopted to theoreticallystudytheseparametersofthe tetragonal VO$^{2+}$ center in CaO-Al$_2$O$_3$-SiO$_2$ system. Becausethespin-orbit (SO) couplingparameter$\zeta_p$ ($\approx$151 cm$^{-1}$) ofligand O$^{2-}$ is close to that ($\approx$248 cm$^{-1}$) ofthe central V$^{4+}$ ion in thecluster [VO$_6$]$^{8-}$withstrongcovalence, theeffectofthe SO couplingparameter$\zeta_p$onEPRparameters are consideredonthebasisofclusterapproach. TheobtainedEPRparameters show goodagreementwiththe experimental values and needfeweradjustableparametersthanpreviousstudies. Andthe local structureofthe tetragonal VO$^{2+}$ center in CaO-Al$_2$O$_3$-SiO$_2$ system due to Jahn-Tellereffect is obtained from theanalysisoftheEPRparameters. Theresults are discussed.
Two-photon transitions in confined hydrogenic atoms
Authors: Lumb Shalini , Lumb Sonia , Prasad Vinod
Published: May 2018

Two-photon transitions from ground state to excited and ionized states are studied. The energy levels and radial matrix elements of animpenetrable spherically confined hydrogenic atom embedded in plasma environment are evaluated using accurate Bernstein-polynomial(B-polynomial) method. Transition probability amplitudes, transparency frequencies and resonance enhancement frequencies for varioustransitions, namely, $1s-2s$, $1s-3s$ and $1s-3d$ are evaluated for various values of confining Debye potential parameter. The effect ofspherical confinement is studied and explained.
Synthesis of aluminum nitride nanostructures via chemical vapor deposition method with nickel as catalyst
Authors: Jianga Renjie , Meng Xianquan
Published: May 2018

The authors successfully synthesized aluminum nitride (AlN) nanowires by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using aluminum (Al) powderand ammonia (NH3) as starting materials with nickel (Ni) as catalyst. The morphologies, the composition and structure information ofsamples were characterized by scanning electron microscopies (SEM), transmission electron microscopies (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Nanostructures with manifold morphologies were obtained by tuning the growth temperatureand the growth time. The AlN nanowires are proved to have the wurtzite structure as demonstrated by XRD. The growth mechanism of AlNnanowires assisted with Ni catalyst is proposed to explain the nucleation and growth of nanowires.
‘For He Bestirred Himself to Protect the Land from the Moors’
Authors: MacInnes Iain A.
Published: May 2018

This article considers two graphic novels that depict and deal with two separate
periods during the Spanish Reconquista [Reconquest] that was fought
during the Middle Ages by the Christian kingdoms to roll back the Muslim
domination of the Iberian peninsula. Though written more than thirty
years apart, El Cid (1971–1984), by Antonio Hernández Palacios, and 1212:
Las Navas de Tolosa (2016), by Jesús Cano de la Iglesia, present interesting
and at times quite similar views of the medieval Spanish past, even though
the periods they depict were arguably very different from each other. This
article analyses the ways in which both authors depict the themes of Spain,
the crusading movement, and ‘otherness’ in their texts, and it considers the
potential influences behind their depictions of such themes.
From Pioneer of Comics to Cultural Myth
Authors: Miranda-Barreiro David
Published: May 2018

The multifaceted Galician artist, writer and politician Alfonso Daniel
Rodríguez Castelao (1886–1950) has been considered a pioneer of Galician
comics, or banda deseñada. This is because of his key role in the development
of the medium from his early comic strips in the magazine Vida
gallega
[Galician life] (1909), to the cartoons that he published in the press in
the 1920s and 1930s. Furthermore, Castelao has become a comics character
in several graphic biographies since the end of the 1970s. This article not
only addresses the reasons for the recurrent presence of Castelao in Galician
comics, but it also looks at how the latter have contributed to the mythologisation
of this important figure of Galician culture. In aesthetic terms, it will
reveal the overlaps between adaptation, biography and comics by analysing
all three of them as networks.
Book Reviews
Authors: Tannahill Lise , Bourque Dandridge Eliza , Mizsei Ward Rachel
Published: May 2018

Maaheen Ahmed, Stéphanie Delneste and Jean-Louis Tilleuil, eds, Le
Statut culturel de la bande dessinée: Ambiguïtés et évolutions / The Cultural
Standing of Comics: Ambiguities and Changes (Louvain-la-Neuve:
L’Harmattan,
2016). 278 pp. ISBN: 978-2-8061-0320-8 (€27.55)

Frances Gateward and John Jennings, eds, The Blacker the Ink: Constructions of Black Identity in Comics and Sequential Art (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2015). 343 pp. ISBN: 978-0-8135-7235-7233-8 (€19.00)

Blair Davis, Movie Comics: Page to Screen / Screen to Page (New Brunswick,
NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2017). 256 pp. ISBN: 978-0-8135-
7225-3 ($27.95)
The Visco-Elastic Behavior of PA+PAI Composites with Fiber Glass after UV Degradation
Authors: Liptáková Tatiana , Markovičová Lenka , Zatkalíková Viera , Gaňa Dušan
Published: May 2018

The polymeric composites on the base of the PA+PAI filled by glass fibres are usually used in automotive industry and also exposed to natural atmosphere. The research is focused on resistance study of the mentioned composites in simulated atmospheric conditions. The tested specimens contented 10, 20 and 30 % of the glass fibres and they were exposed in UV box with defined time and intensity of UV radiation and temperature. The mentioned factors have a considerable influence on utility and lifetime of product made of the polymeric composite. The effect of the exposition on the composites behaviour was evaluated microscopically, by rheological measurements and impact tests. By the rheological measurements the changes of visco-elastic parameters (complex viscosity, moduli of elasticity and plasticity) were studied after different times of exposition in the UV box as well as chosen mechanical properties.
Point-of-Care Testing (POCT): Importance in Emergency Medical /Health Care
Authors: Giasuddin ASM
Published: May 2018

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Med Biochem 2017; 10(2): 43-44
Enhanced Lipid Profile in Plasma and Erythrocytes of Hypertensive Type-2-Diabetes Mellitus Subjects in South-Western Nigeria
Authors: Akamo AJ , Ugbaja RN , Onunkwor OB , Ademuyiwa O , Ojo DA , Talabi OA , Erinle CA , Babayemi DO , Akinloye DI , Balogun EA
Published: May 2018

The growing burden of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Nigeria and related cardiovascular complications is becoming a public health concern. Cardiovascular risk factors were evaluated in control subjects (n=150) and patients (n=470) [hypertensive nondiabetics (n=179), normotensive diabetics (n=132), hypertensive diabetics (n=159)] attending at the Medical Out-Patient Clinic of the State Hospital, Abeokuta, Nigeria. Cholesterol, triacylglycerols and phospholipids were determined spectrophotometrically in plasma, erythrocytes and lipoproteins. The presence of either or both diseases resulted in significant (p<0.05) perturbations in blood lipids of the male and female patients. Dyslipidemia was characterised by increased concentrations of cholesterol and triacylglycerols in plasma, erythrocytes, low density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL). The increase was more pronounced in hypertensive diabetics. High density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol values of the male and female patients were between 35% to 43% and 37% to 43% respectively lower than their control counterparts, while that of HDL triacylglycerols was between 8% to 10% and 6% to 23% respectively lower than their control counterparts. Plasma and erythrocyte phospholipid content increased significantly (p<0.05) in all the patients when compared with their control counterparts except in the erythrocytes of the normotensive diabetic male, where significant decrease was observed. Our findings suggest that enhanced hypercholesterolemia, hypertriacylglycerolemia and hyperphospholipidemia in plasma and erythrocytes may be responsible for increased cardiovascular complications in the comorbidity since the combined dyslipidemia are more pronounced in comorbidity of hypertension and T2DM than when either of the two conditions occurs in isolation.Bangladesh J Med Biochem 2017; 10(2): 45-57
Status of Serum Calcium and Magnesium in Women Taking Oral Contraceptive
Authors: Hasanat F , Chakroborty PK , Nahar DN , Bishwash S , Hena KN , Mollika R
Published: May 2018

The oral contraceptive pill fulfills the great human need for birth control with unrivalled effectiveness. The pill can effectively prevent pregnancy and alleviate menstrual disorder when used correctly. Many biochemical profiles of women taking oral contraceptives are disturbed due to metabolic alterations induced by its hormone content. The study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh, during the period of July 2016 to June 2017 to evaluate the status of serum calcium and magnesium in oral contraceptive user women. For this study, 120 age-matched women were selected and grouped as 60 oral contraceptive user women and 60 non-oral contraceptive user women. Data were analyzed with the help of SPSS version 21. Mean±SD level of serum calcium and magnesium were 9.50±0.70 mg/dl and 1.81±0.13 mg/dl in oral contraceptive user women, while in normal healthy women the levels were 9.03±1.69 mg/dl and 2.10±0.17 mg/dl respectively. No significant difference of serum calcium between two groups was observed (p>0.05). Serum magnesium significantly reduced in oral contraceptive users when compared with non-oral contraceptive users (p<0.001). The study showed no significant difference in serum calcium level in contraceptive group when compared with noncontraceptive user group and serum magnesium level was significantly reduced in oral contraceptive users when compared to normal healthy group.Bangladesh J Med Biochem 2017; 10(2): 64-68
Welcome to Acoustics—A New Open Access Journal for the Growing Multidisciplinary Scientific and Engineering Community and Beyond
Authors: Kang Jian
Published: May 2018

Acoustics is a new open access journal, among about 200 diverse, peer-reviewed, open access MDPI journals, supported by over 35,500 academic editors. [...]
Transdisciplinary Graduate Training in Predictive Plant Phenomics
Authors: Lawrence-Dill Carolyn , Heindel Theodore , Schnable Patrick , Strong Stephanie , Wittrock Jill , Losch Mary , Dickerson Julie
Published: May 2018

Novel methods to increase crop productivity are required to meet anticipated demands for food, feed, fiber, and fuel. It is becoming feasible to use modern sensors and data analysis techniques for predicting plant growth and productivity based on genomic, phenotypic, and environmental data. To design and construct crops that deliver desired traits requires trained personnel with scientific and engineering expertise as well as a variety of “soft” skills. To address these needs at Iowa State University, we developed a graduate specialization called “Predictive Plant Phenomics” (P3). Although some of our experiences may be unique, many of the specialization’s principles are likely to be broadly applicable to others interested in developing graduate training programs in plant phenomics. P3 involves transdisciplinary training and activities designed to develop communication, teambuilding, and management skills. To support students in this demanding and unique intellectual environment, we established a two-week boot camp before their first semester and founded a community of practice to support students throughout their graduate careers. Assessments show that P3 students understand the transdisciplinary training concepts, have formed a beneficial and supportive community, and interact with diverse faculty outside of their home departments. To learn more about the P3 program, visit www.predictivephenomicsinplants.iastate.edu.
Extension of Aquaponic Water Use for NFT Baby-Leaf Production: Mizuna and Rocket Salad
Authors: Nicoletto Carlo , Maucieri Carmelo , Mathis Alex , Schmautz Zala , Komives Tamas , Sambo Paolo , Junge Ranka
Published: May 2018

Aquaponics is a recirculating technology that combines aquaculture with hydroponics. It allows nutrients from fish waste to feed plants and thus saves water and nutrients. However, there is a mismatch between the nutrients provided by the fish waste and plant needs. Because of this, some nutrients, notably N, tend to accumulate in the aquaponic water (APW or AP water). The aim of this study was to investigate how APW, which is depleted of P and K but still rich in N, could be further utilized. APW was used in a mesocosm and compared with APW from the same source that had been supplemented with macro-nutrients (complemented AP water or CAPW) and a hydroponic control (HC). Mizuna (M) and rocket salad (R) were used as short-cycle vegetable crops in a NFT system. The results revealed that the low production potential of APW was mainly caused by the lack of P and K. If these were supplemented, the yields were comparable to those in the HC. M yield in CAPW was significantly higher than that of HC, probably due to biostimulant effects connected to the organic components in the water as a result of fish farming. Water type, cultivation density, and intercropping significantly influenced the qualitative characteristics of the crop in terms of antioxidant compounds and minerals. Nitrate content in vegetables was lower than European regulation limits. The extended use of APW is viable if the missing nutrients are supplemented; this could be a strategy to increase the efficiency of water and nitrogen use, while further reducing environmental impact.
Concentrate Supplement Modifies the Feeding Behavior of Simmental Cows Grazing in Two High Mountain Pastures
Authors: Romanzin Alberto , Corazzin Mirco , Piasentier Edi , Bovolenta Stefano
Published: May 2018

During grazing on Alpine pastures, the use of concentrates in dairy cows’ diet leads to a reduction of the environmental sustainability of farms, and influences the selective pressure on some plant species. In order to minimize the use of concentrates, it is imperative to obtain data on the grazing behavior of cows. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of concentrate levels on the behavior of dairy cows during grazing. One hundred and ten lactating Italian Simmental cows, that sequentially grazed two pastures characterized by Poion alpinae (Poion) and Seslerion caeruleae (Seslerion) alliance, were considered. For each pasture, eight cows were selected and assigned to two groups: High and Low, supplemented with 4 kg/head/d, and 1 kg/head/d of concentrate respectively. Cows were equipped with a noseband pressure sensor and a pedometer (RumiWatch system, ITIN-HOCH GmbH) to assess grazing, ruminating, and walking behavior. In addition, the plant selection of the animals was assessed. On Poion, increased supplement intake caused a more intense selection of legumes, without affecting feeding and walking times. On Seslerion, grazing time was higher in Low than High. Grazing management in alpine region must take into account the great variability of pastures that largely differ from a floristic and nutritional point of view.
Residual Axial Bearing Capacity of Concrete-Filled Circular Steel Tubular Columns (CFCSTCs) after Transverse Impact
Authors: Du Guofeng , Andjelic Anja , Li Zhao , Lei Zhen , Bie Xuemeng
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this research is to study the effect of both transverse impact, and ratio of outer diameter to thickness of outer steel tube (D/t), on the residual axial bearing capacity of concrete-filled circular steel tubular columns (CFCSTCs). A total of sixteen samples, including four samples left untreated for comparison, are experimentally studied to investigate the effect of both drop-hammer transverse impact height (H), and D/t ratio, on the residual axial bearing capacity of CFCSTCs. The failure mode, load-displacement curves, load-strain curves, and residual axial bearing capacity of those samples are extensively investigated. A finite element analysis (FEA) model is established to predict the effect of D/t ratio on the residual axial bearing capacity of CFCSTCs. The results indicate that the H and the D/t ratio have noticeable effects on the axial compression performance of CFCSTCs. Failure mode of samples is commonly local buckling. In addition, maximum reduction of the axial bearing capacity of columns reaches about 35% compared with that of untreated columns. The results also show that the bearing capacity of the column increases with a decreasing D/t ratio of the same diameter (D).
Thermal Lattice Boltzmann Simulation of Evaporating Thin Liquid Film for Vapor Generation
Authors: Yang Weilin , Huang Haibo , Yan Wenxu
Published: May 2018

Thin film evaporation (TFE) plays an important role in many industrial applications, such as power generation, cooling, and thermal management. Effective evaporation takes place in the thin liquid film region with relatively low film thickness and low intermolecular forces. In this paper, a numerical approach based on the thermal lattice Boltzmann method (TLBM) is employed to investigate the heat and mass transfer phenomena in TFE. The TLBM approach is validated by simulating some benchmark problems, and is then used to study a vapor generation problem where TFE is involved. Specifically, vapor is generated from evaporating pores, the solid walls of which are hydrophilic. Factors that affect the overall vapor generation efficiency are investigated via the numerical approach. Methods that can improve the overall efficiency are further proposed. Simulations reveal that distributed scenarios (using distributed small pores instead of a big one) and hydrophobic pore ends render more efficient vapor generation.
Rehabilitative Ultrasound Imaging Features of the Abdominal Wall Muscles in Elite and Amateur Basketball Players
Authors: Romero-Morales Carlos , Almazán-Polo Jaime , Rodríguez-Sanz David , Palomo-López Patricia , López-López Daniel , Vázquez-González Sergio , Calvo-Lobo César
Published: May 2018

The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare with rehabilitative ultrasound imaging (RUSI) abdominal wall muscle thickness and interrecti distance (IRD) between elite and amateur basketball players. A sample of 32 basketball players (age: 23.0 ± 8.5; height: 1.89 ± 14.25 m; weight: 86.6 ± 15.5 kg; body mass index: 22.8 ± 2.6 kg/m2) was divided in two groups: professional elite and amateur players. A diagnostic ultrasound tool with a 7–14 MHz range linear transducer was used for B mode ultrasound imaging. Ultrasound images of the external oblique (EO), internal oblique (IO), transversus abdominis (TrAb), and rectus anterior (RA) muscles as well as IRD were measured and analyzed by ImageJ software. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) with greater height, weight, and Nijmegen scores were shown in favor of the elite basketball players compared to the amateur basketball players. Ultrasound measurements of the abdominal wall muscles showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) for increased IRD and left TrAb thickness and decreased right and left EO thickness in favor of the elite versus amateur basketball players. The rest of the measurements did not show any statistically significant differences (p > 0.05). Increased IRD and TrAb thickness and reduced EO thickness may be shown in elite versus amateur basketball players.
Determination of the Membrane Environment of CD59 in Living Cells
Authors: Fülöp Gergő , Brameshuber Mario , Arnold Andreas M. , Schütz Gerhard J. , Sevcsik Eva
Published: May 2018

The organization and dynamics of proteins and lipids in the plasma membrane, and their role in membrane functionality, have been subject of a long-lasting debate. Specifically, it is unclear to what extent membrane proteins are affected by their immediate lipid environment and vice versa. Studies on model membranes and plasma membrane vesicles indicated preferences of proteins for lipid phases characterized by different acyl chain order; however, whether such phases do indeed exist in live cells is still not known. Here, we refine a previously developed micropatterning approach combined with single molecule tracking to quantify the influence of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored (GPI-anchored) protein CD59 on its molecular environment directly in the live cell plasma membrane. We find that locally enriched and immobilized CD59 presents obstacles to the diffusion of fluorescently labeled lipids with a different phase-partitioning behavior independent of cell cholesterol levels and type of lipid. Our results give no evidence for either specific binding of the lipids to CD59 or the existence of nanoscopic ordered membrane regions associated with CD59.