bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Three component vibrational time reversal communication
Authors: Anderson Brian E. , Ulrich Timothy J. , Ten Cate James A.
Published: May 2015

Time reversal provides an optimal prefilter matched signal to apply to a communication signal before signal transmission. Time reversal allows compensation for wave speed dispersion and can function well in reverberant environments. Time reversal can be used to focus elastic energy to each of the three components of motion independently. A pipe encased in concrete was used to demonstrate the ability to conduct communications of information using three component time reversal. The ability of time reversal to compensate for multi-path distortion (overcoming reverberation) will be demonstrated and the rate of signal communication will be presented. [The U.S. Department of Energy, through the LANL/LDRD Program, is gratefully acknowledged for supporting this work.]
Spatial structure of temporal coherence scale under the different propagation conditions
Authors: Peng Linhui , Lu Jianhui , Yu Xiaotao
Published: May 2015

Internal wave induce the decreasing of temporal coherence of sound field. The scale of temporal coherence is related with strength of the internal wave and frequency of the sound wave; meanwhile, it has the definite spatial structure. Spatial structures of the temporal coherence are not same under the different propagation conditions. It is related with the structure of the sound field.
Simulated joint reconstruction of shallow water features using acoustic tomography methods
Authors: Sergeev Sergei , Shurup Andrey , Scherbina Alisa
Published: May 2015

The possibility of simultaneous reconstruction of different shallow water parameters by the mode tomography methods is considered. The initial data for the reconstruction are the propagation times of individual modes in the different frequency bands. The reconstruction results can be both the water layer parameters (such as sound speed profile, eddies) and the bottom characteristics (such as relief and sound speed in the bottom). The approach is based on idea that the different shallow water parameters affect the propagation times of different modes on the different frequencies in the different manner. As a result, if it is possible to separate from the received total field enough information about the propagation times of the mode signals, then it becomes possible to implement the joint reconstruction of the considered shallow water features. Another peculiarity of the regarded approach that all the considered shallow water features are described using the single basis. As a result, the single perturbation matrix is used for the joint reconstruction. The numerically simulated results obtained by the regarded approach are presented.
A Werner syndrome stem cell model unveils heterochromatin alterations as a driver of human aging
Authors: Zhang Weiqi , Li Jingyi , Suzuki Keiichiro , Qu Jing , Wang Ping , Zhou Junzhi , Liu Xiaomeng , Ren Ruotong , Xu Xiuling , Ocampo Alejandro , Yuan Tingting , Yang Jiping , Li Ying , Shi Liang , Guan Dee , Pan Huize , Duan Shunlei , Ding Zhichao , Li Mo , Yi Fei , Bai Ruijun , Wang Yayu , Chen Chang , Yang Fuquan , Li Xiaoyu , Wang Zimei , Aizawa Emi , Goebl April , Soligalla Rupa Devi , Reddy Pradeep , Esteban Concepcion Rodriguez , Tang Fuchou , Liu Guang-Hui , Belmonte Juan Carlos Izpisua
Published: May 2015

Heterochromatin in aging stem cells

Analysis of human aging syndromes, such as Werner syndrome (WS), may lead to greater understanding of both premature and normal aging. Zhang
et al.
generated isogenic WS-specific human embryonic stem cell lines (see the Perspective by Brunauer and Kennedy). WS-mesenchymal stem cells displayed features characteristic of premature aging, including heterochromatin disorganization. WRN protein thus functions in the maintenance of heterochromatin, and heterochromatin alterations may represent a driving force of human aging.

Science
, this issue p.
1160
; see also p.
1093
Impact of microstructure on local carrier lifetime in perovskite solar cells
Authors: de Quilettes Dane W. , Vorpahl Sarah M. , Stranks Samuel D. , Nagaoka Hirokazu , Eperon Giles E. , Ziffer Mark E. , Snaith Henry J. , Ginger David S.
Published: May 2015

Going toward the grains

Great strides have been made in improving the efficiency of organic-inorganic perovskite solar cells. Further improvements are likely to depend on understanding the role of film morphology on charge-carrier dynamics. de Quilettes
et al.
correlated confocal fluorescence microscopy images with those from scanning electron microscopy to spatially resolve the photoluminescence and carrier decay dynamics from films of organic-inorganic perovskites. Carrier lifetimes varied widely even between grains, and chemical treatments could improve lifetimes

Science
, this issue p.
683
Complete Genome Sequences for 59
Burkholderia
Isolates, Both Pathogenic and Near Neighbor
Authors: Johnson Shannon L. , Bishop-Lilly Kimberly A. , Ladner Jason T. , Daligault Hajnalka E. , Davenport Karen W. , Jaissle James , Frey Kenneth G. , Koroleva Galina I. , Bruce David C. , Coyne Susan R. , Broomall Stacey M. , Li Po-E , Teshima Hazuki , Gibbons Henry S. , Palacios Gustavo F. , Rosenzweig C. Nicole , Redden Cassie L. , Xu Yan , Minogue Timothy D. , Chain Patrick S.
Published: May 2015

The genus
Burkholderia
encompasses both pathogenic (including
Burkholderia mallei
and
Burkholderia pseudomallei
, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Category B listed), and nonpathogenic Gram-negative bacilli. Here we present full genome sequences for a panel of 59
Burkholderia
strains, selected to aid in detection assay development.
Draft Genome Sequence of Clostridium aceticum DSM 1496, a Potential Butanol Producer through Syngas Fermentation
Authors: Song Yoseb , Hwang Soonkyu , Cho Byung-Kwan
Published: May 2015

Clostridium aceticum
DSM 1496 is a Gram-negative anaerobic chemolithoautotrophic acetogenic bacterium that is capable of producing commodity chemicals from syngas fermentation. In this study, we report the draft genome sequence of the
C. aceticum
DSM 1496 strain (4.16 Mb) to elucidate the syngas fermentation metabolic pathway.
Complete Genome Sequence of Cyanobacterium
Geminocystis
sp. Strain NIES-3709, Which Harbors a Phycoerythrin-Rich Phycobilisome
Authors: Hirose Yuu , Katayama Mitsunori , Ohtsubo Yoshiyuki , Misawa Naomi , Iioka Erica , Suda Wataru , Oshima Kenshiro , Hanaoka Mitsumasa , Tanaka Kan , Eki Toshihiko , Ikeuchi Masahiko , Kikuchi Yo , Ishida Makoto , Hattori Masahira
Published: May 2015

The cyanobacterium
Geminocystis
sp. strain NIES-3709 accumulates a larger amount of phycoerythrin than the related NIES-3708 strain does. Here, we determined the complete genome sequence of the NIES-3709 strain. Our genome data suggest that the different copy number of rod linker genes for phycoerythrin leads to the different phycoerythrin contents between the two strains.
On the Verification of Concurrent, Asynchronous Programs with Waiting Queues
Authors: Geeraerts Gilles , Heußner Alexander , Raskin Jean-François
Published: May 2015

Recently, new libraries, such as Grand Central Dispatch (GCD), have been proposed to directly harness the power of multicore platforms and to make the development of concurrent software more accessible to software engineers. When using such a library, the programmer writes so-called
blocks
, which are chunks of code, and dispatches them using
synchronous
or
asynchronous
calls to several types of waiting queues. A scheduler is then responsible for dispatching those blocks among the available cores. Blocks can synchronize via a global memory. In this article, we propose Queue-Dispatch Asynchronous Systems as a mathematical model that faithfully formalizes the synchronization mechanisms and behavior of the scheduler in those systems. We study in detail their relationships to classical formalisms such as pushdown systems, Petri nets, F
ifo
systems, and counter systems. Our main technical contributions are precise worst-case complexity results for the Parikh coverability problem and the termination problem for several subclasses of our model. We also consider an extension of Q
das
with a fork-join mechanism. Adding fork-join to any of the subclasses that we have identified leads to undecidability of the coverability problem. This motivates the study of over-approximations. Finally, we consider handmade abstractions as a practical way of verifying programs that cannot be faithfully modeled by decidable subclasses of Q
das
.
Exploiting Concurrency for the Automated Synthesis of MPSoC Interconnects
Authors: Cilardo Alessandro , Fusella Edoardo , Gallo Luca , Mazzeo Antonino
Published: May 2015

Multiprocessor Systems-on-Chip (MPSoC) applications can rely today on a very large spectrum of interconnection topologies potentially meeting given communication requirements, determining various trade-offs between cost and performance. Building interconnects that enable concurrent communication tasks introduces decisive opportunities for reducing the overall communication latency. This work identifies three levels of parallelism at the interconnect level: global parallelism across different independent domains; local or intradomain parallelism, relying on inherently concurrent interconnect components such as crossbars; and interdomain parallelism, where multiple concurrent paths across different local domains are exploited. We propose an automated methodology to search the design space, aimed at maximizing the exploitation of these forms of parallelism. The approach also takes into consideration possible dependencies between communication tasks, which further constrains the design space, making the identification of a feasible solution more challenging. By jointly solving a scheduling and interconnect synthesis problem, the methodology turns the description of the application communication requirements, including data dependencies, into an on-chip synthesizable interconnection structure along with a communication schedule satisfying given area constraints. The article thoroughly describes the formalisms and the methodology used to derive such optimized heterogeneous topologies. It also discusses some case studies emphasizing the impact of the proposed approach and highlighting the essential differences with a few other solutions presented in the technical literature.
The Future of Real-Time Security
Authors: Aysu Aydin , Yuce Bilgiday , Schaumont Patrick
Published: May 2015

Advances in quantum computing have spurred a significant amount of research into public-key cryptographic algorithms that are resistant against postquantum cryptanalysis. Lattice-based cryptography is one of the important candidates because of its reasonable complexity combined with reasonable signature sizes. However, in a postquantum world, not only the cryptography will change but also the computing platforms. Large amounts of resource-constrained embedded systems will connect to a cloud of powerful server computers. We present an optimization technique for lattice-based signature generation on such embedded systems; our goal is to optimize latency rather than throughput. Indeed, on an embedded system, the latency of a single signature for user identification or message authentication is more important than the aggregate signature generation rate. We build a high-performance implementation using hardware/software codesign techniques. The key idea is to partition the signature generation scheme into offline and online phases. The signature scheme allows this separation because a large portion of the computation does not depend on the message to be signed and can be handled before the message is given. Then, we can map complex precomputation operations in software on a low-cost processor and utilize hardware resources to accelerate simpler online operations. To find the optimum hardware architecture for the target platform, we define and explore the design space and implement two design configurations. We realize our solutions on the Altera Cyclone-IV CGX150 FPGA. The implementation consists of a NIOS soft-core processor and a low-latency hash and polynomial multiplication engine. On average, the proposed low-latency architecture can generate a signature with a latency of 96 clock cycles at 40MHz, resulting in a response time of 2.4μs for a signing request. On equivalent platforms, this corresponds to a performance improvement of 33 and 105 times compared to previous hardware and software implementations, respectively.
ProDoc@DocEng
Authors: Mahlow Cerstin
Published: May 2015

For the third time, the ACM Symposium on Document Engineering (DocEng) will include a Doctoral Consortium. This newsletter article briefly introduces the goals and the structure of the consortium. We also encourage PhD students to participate in the upcoming ProDoc@DocEng in September in Lausanne (Switzerland).
"Towards a frontier of spatial scientometric studies" by SONG Gao with Martin Vesely as coordinator
Authors: Gao Song
Published: May 2015

The research field of spatial scientometrics is dedicated to measuring and analyzing science with spatial components (e.g., location, place, mapping). It involves the study of spatial patterns, impacts and trends of scientific activities (e.g., co-publication, citation, academic mobility) based on bibliographic databases. Because of the dynamic nature of this field, researchers from interdisciplinary/multidisciplinary domains constantly contribute qualitative, quantitative and computational approaches and technologies into scientometric analysis. This article aims to giving a brief overview about this field by analyzing the publications in (spatial) scientometrics collected from the Scopus database and introduces recent frontier researches which integrate advanced spatial analysis and geovisualization with Semantic Web technologies.
Reaction and Mass Transport Simulations by LBM in Electrolyte of Aqueous Lithium-Air Battery
Authors: Shibata Kazuki , Uemura Suguru , Tsushima Shohji , Hirai Shuichiro
Published: May 2015

The aqueous lithium–air battery receives much attention because of its high theoretical energy density; however, it is necessary to clarify the reaction and mass transport of the electrolytic solution in efforts to obtain much higher current density. In this study, numerical simulation employing the lattice Boltzmann method realized coupled simulation of transport phenomena of Li+ and O2 in the discharge process. The numerical results suggest the importance of supplying the electrolyte with sufficient O2 to achieve discharge with high current density. The results of simulation indicate that a high-pressure O2 supply and increased area of the air/electrolyte interface are effective solutions to realizing discharge with high current density.
Systematic Approach to Synthesize Different MnO2 Crystalloid Structures and their Application in Fuel Cell/Battery Systems
Authors: Musil Mike , Choi B , Tsutsumi Atsushi
Published: May 2015

In this work we synthesized various types (α-, β-, γ-, and δ-) of MnO2 via redox method and investigated the effect of potassium ion content and synthesis temperature on the crystalloid structure formation. It was found that increasing the synthesis temperature and decreasing the potassium ion content leads to MnO2 with small tunnel structures. It is thus assumed that the large potassium ions work as a template for bigger void spaces and that low temperatures can further increase the void space due to weaker Brownian movement of the molecules during synthesis. The samples were then analyzed with X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope and cycled in an alkaline electrolyte. From the results, it was found that MnO2 with small tunnel structures (β and γ) showed better stability than the large tunnel structures (α and δ) and thus an improved cycle life as secondary battery electrode.
Effect of Polarization Treatment on VII/VIII and VIV/VV Kinetics at Carbon Electrodes
Authors: Bourke Andrea , Lynch Robert P. , Buckley D. Noel
Published: May 2015

It is shown by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy that polarization treatment of carbon electrodes affects the kinetics of the VII/VIII and the VIV/VV redox reactions. After treatment at potentials more negative than ~–0.5 V (sat. Hg/Hg2SO4), electrodes are less active for the VII/VIII reactions than after treatment at positive potentials. The activity of the electrode for the VII/VIII reactions is recovered by treatment at positive potentials. However, the converse is observed for the VIV/VV reactions: after treatment at positive potentials electrodes are less active for the VIV/VV reactions than after treatment at negative potentials. Thus, depending on the polarization treatment of each half-cell electrode, either the positive or negative half-cell can be less active (i.e. have slower kinetics). In general, however, the positive half-cell is more active than the negative half-cell: the rate constant of an activated electrode in the positive half-cell is over two orders of magnitude larger than that of a deactivated electrode in the negative half-cell. It is suggested that oxygen species formed on the electrode during anodization inhibit the VIV/VV electrode reaction but enhance the VII/VIII electrode reaction.
Fe and V Substituted Li2MnSiO4/C As Potential Cathode Material for Li-Ion Batteries
Authors: Wagner Nils P. , Dalod Antoine R. M. , Svensson Ann Mari , Vullum-Bruer Fride
Published: May 2015

Lithium transition-metal silicate materials are promising candidates for next generation Li-ion batteries since they allow Li extraction/insertion beyond one Li ion per formula unit. They consist of cheap, non-toxic and abundant elements. Here we focus on the synthesis and electrochemical performance of Fe and V substituted Li2MnSiO4. Cations were substituted to overcome poor stability of the undoped compound and increase conductivity, thus expected to increase the electrochemical performance. Up to 20 mole % Fe and 5 mole % V were incorporated into orthorhombic Pmn21 Li2MnSiO4 while keeping a high phase purity and the desired porous nano-sized structure. For materials with 20 mole % Fe substitution, the reversible Li intercalation capacity during slow cycling (C/33) was increased from 0.63 Li per formula unit for the undoped to 0.81 for the doped sample. A 5 mole % V substitution increased the reversible Li capacity from 0.65 Li per formula unit to 0.73.
Dependence of the Lithiation/Delithiation Potentials of Silicon Microwire Anodes on Their State of Charge and Sizes
Authors: Nöhren Sandra , Quiroga-González Enrique , Föll Helmut
Published: May 2015

Cycle life and cycle stability are the crucial parameters when talking about batteries. The cycle life is affected when the operational voltage range is not correctly selected. In Si anodes, their intrinsic voltage limits are given by the phase transformation potentials. The voltage limits depend not only on external parameters like the voltage sweep rate, but mostly on internal parameters like the dimensions of the Si anode, and parameters of state like the state of charge. This is investigated in the present study, using Si microwires with different thicknesses and lengths. Additionally, the wires have been pre-lithiated to specific capacity limits. The analysis has been performed through cyclic voltammetry. It has been found that while short wires exhibit a lithiation limit at 50 % state of charge (SOC), the diffusion limitations are larger in long wires, which can be easily lithiated to a higher state of charge. The study showed that the optimal wire dimension has to be found to achieve better and stable cycling performance.
Achieving Superior Corrosion Resistance in Friction Stir Processed AA6005-T6 Aluminum Alloy Joints
Authors: Esmaily Mohsen , Bengtsson Blücher D , Svensson Jan-Erik , Halvarsson Mats , Johansson Lars-Gunnar , Shahabi-Navid Mehrdad
Published: May 2015

In this study, ultra-fine grained (UFG) structure was produced in the stir zone (SZ) of AA6005-T6 alloy joints using friction stir processing (FSP) cooled by liquid nitrogen (N2). Conventional friction stir welding (FSW) was used to fabricate reference joints. The corrosion properties of the cooled joints were investigated by atmospheric corrosion tests. The corrosion exposures were carried out at a relative humidity (RH) of 95%, 400 ppm CO2 and at 22°C. The rapidly cooled joints exhibited exceptional corrosion resistance in both corrosion experiments as well as better mechanical properties compared to those of the FSWed joints. The better corrosion resistance of the quenched sample was attributed to the microstructural modification of the joint.
Type II Hot Corrosion Behaviors of Cr, Al, C Binary and Ternary Thin Film Coatings on Ni-201
Authors: Aw LikMing , Amendola Roberta , Gannon Paul E. , Leonard McLain
Published: May 2015

In this study, a variety of magnetron sputtered binary and ternary thin film (approximately 1.5 µm thick) coatings using Cr, Al, and C as base elements were deposited onto Ni-201 alloy and investigated before and after exposure to simulated Type II Hot Corrosion environment. Prototypical Na2SO4 was applied to the samples before exposure for 250 hours in an air/SO2 gas mixture at 700 °C. It was determined that all coatings reduced the samples specific mass gains (corrosion rates) when compared to uncoated ones. Binary Al – C and Cr – C coatings were completely dissolved after exposure testing and NiO was the only compound detected on the surfaces; whereas continuous layers of and were detected in Cr – Al and Cr – Al – C coated samples, indicating good protection against Type II Hot Corrosion.
Stress Corrosion Cracking of API 5lX52 in Ethanolic Environment
Authors: Pedraza Basulto Gabriela Karina , Miramontes Jose Angel Cabral , Achem Calahorra Jamnie Yazmin , Chacon Jose
Published: May 2015

The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of adding water at different concentrations (0.5%, 5% and 10%) in ethanol-95% gasoline and 85% (% V) of ethanol in addition to a white medium on the Corrosion Under Stress (CBT) for API 5L X52 steel, typically used in the transportation of hydrocarbons. The tests were performed at a constant rate of extension in a CERT machine at a nominal strain rate of 10-6 s-1. CERT test of simultaneous manner, using the technique of monitoring Electrochemical Noise potential noise and current noise wherein the fluctuations have correspondence with the dissolution of the material. Additionally, it is noted that evidence less in% (V) of the water present is less effective and secondary cracks in the samples analyzed for CBT test results cyclic polarization curves show no tendency to SCC.
Development of Representative Tests to Quantify the Susceptibility to Stress Corrosion Cracking of α,β’-Brass Used for Gas Transfer Devices
Authors: Berne Clément , Andrieu Eric , Reby Jean , Sobrino Jean-Michel , Blanc Christine
Published: May 2015

Corrosion susceptibility of an α,β’-brass CuZn40Pb2 (CW617N), used for gas transfer devices, was investigated through accelerated corrosion tests at a constant anodic potential in NaNO3 solution with basic pHs. The anodic dissolution behavior of the α,β’-brass was characterized by a two stages-mechanism, with each stage including both dezincification and simultaneous dissolution phenomena of the β’ phase but with different kinetics at each stage. Compressive or tensile stresses applied on brass specimens during the accelerated tests were observed largely to influence the anodic dissolution kinetics. Stresses were assumed to open or close the pores present in the dezincified β’ phase, which promoted or slowed the dezincification mechanism, including with the Zn diffusion into the solution trapped inside of the pores.
Effect of the Coating Deposition Technique on the Protective Properties of Hybrid Sol-Gel on AA2024
Authors: Covelo Alba , Puente-Lee Ivan , Uruchurtu Jorge , Menchaca Carmina , Bañuelos José-Guadalupe , Hernandez Miguel
Published: May 2015

The deposition technique effect on the corrosion properties of thin films applied on AA2024 was evaluated. The deposition techniques were spin-dip coating and brush-spray painting. For each technique different parameters were varied in accordance with its nature of deposition. The coating was synthesized by the sol-gel method of copolymerization of 3-Glycydoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and tetra-n-propoxyzirconium was deposited on an AA2024 substrate. Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy revealed that the spin-coating method formed a more homogenous film than the dip-coating method. The time deposition and the surface finishing significantly modified the bond strength between substrate and sol-gel coating. The corrosion properties were assessed by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy. These results revealed that the spin-coating technique provides not only better corrosion properties of the sol-gel but also a marked improvement of the corrosion resistance on aluminum at longer immersion times in NaCl. The combination of ground finishing in conjunction with time deposition modifies the properties of sol-gel significantly.
Effect of Co-Electrodeposited Cu-Zn-Sn Precursor Compositions on Sulfurized CZTS Thin Films for Solar Cell
Authors: Khalil Md Ibrahim , Bernasconi Roberto , Ieffa Simona , Lucotti Andrea , Le Donne Alessia , Binetti Simona , Magagnin Luca
Published: May 2015

Electrodeposition followed by sulfurization could be a favourable process for the fabrication of the CZTS thin film solar cells. Here we attempt to fabricate CZTS thin films from co-electrodeposited precursors of Cu-Zn-Sn with various compositions from Cu-poor, Zn-rich to Cu-rich, Zn-poor. Different characterization methods like XRD, SEM (EDS), and Raman spectroscopy have been employed to investigate the structure, morphology, and composition as well as the precursor compositional effect on the final sulfurized films. From the results, by electrodeposition it is possible to form a good crystalline form of Kesterite CZTS with the help of precise control of precursor compositions (Cu-poor, Zn-rich) in order to overcome the volatility effect of Zn and Sn during annealing at high temperature.
Mechanisms for the Growth of Thin Films of WO3 and Bronzes from Suspensions of WO3 Nanoparticles
Authors: Martín Antonio José , Maffiotte César , Chaparro Antonio M.
Published: May 2015

The electrochemical deposition of tungsten oxide thin films from a suspension of nanoparticles is studied with the help of the electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM). Aqueous tungsten oxide suspensions are prepared from acidic solutions of sodium tungstate (Na2WO4). Tungsten oxide films are deposited from hydrated tungsten oxide nanoplates formed in the suspension. Two different mechanisms are responsible for the electrochemical deposition of the nanoplates. One is a faradaic process at cathodic potentials due to proton reduction and subsequent transfer to the tungsten oxide particles. The proton transfer mechanism is characterized by high deposition rate and reversibility. A second, non-faradaic, mechanism consists of the physical attachment of WO3 nanoplates on the electrode surface. This process requires electrode potential cycling between proton reduction potentials and more anodic values. It is proposed that potential cycling allows to attain a negative charged surface on the nanoplates and a positive charged surface on the electrode, favoring interaction and deposition. The faradaic process predominates in potential step deposition, whereas the non-faradaic predominates in potential cycling deposition. Both mechanisms give rise to films with different morphology and composition. Aging of the suspension decreases the growth rate due to formation of heavier, larger tungsten oxide particles.
Ecotoxicity Measurements of Degraded Textile Dye by Electrochemical Process Using Boron-Doped Diamond Electrodes
Authors: Migliorini Fernanda Lanzoni , Vasconcelos Vanessa , Alves Suellen Aparecida , Lanza Marcos Roberto Vasconcelos , Baldan Mauricio Ribeiro , Ferreira Neidenei Gomes
Published: May 2015

This work presents aspects related to production, characterization and application of boron-doped diamond (BDD) films deposited on Titanium (Ti) substrate at two different doping levels. The electrooxidation of the Brilliant Green dye is studied considering the influence of the film doping levels. The electrochemical degradation results were investigated by spectroscopic techniques UV/VIS analysis, Total Organic Carbon (TOC), High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and toxicity against the Gram-negative bioluminescent marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri analysis. The BDD electrode with the higher doping level showed the better efficiency. On the other hand, the lower doped electrode showed the lower toxicity level for the degraded solutions.
Ion-Track Etched Templates for the High Density Growth of Nanowires of Bismuth Telluride and Bismuth Antimony Telluride by Electrodeposition
Authors: Koukharenko E , White Neil , Li X , Nandhakumar Iris
Published: May 2015

We report the electrochemical growth of high density arrays of n- type Bi2Te3 and p-type Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 nanowires into ion-track etched polyimide-based Kapton membranes with a density of 5 x 109 wires/cm2. The average diameter of the nanowires is  80 nm with a length of 20 μm, which is comparable to the pore size and thickness of the employed Kapton foils. The electroplating parameters and microstructural properties are reported for the nanowires whilst thermoelectric properties have been investigated for thin films of Bi2Te3 and Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3.
Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Reaction Activity of LaFeO3 Coated with Co-Pi
Authors: Peng Qi , Wen Yanwei , Shan Bin , Chen Rong
Published: May 2015

LaFeO3 is a promising visible light photocatalyst due to its suitable band structure and environmental stability. The poor oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance, however, has hindered its further applications. In this work, the OER activity of LaFeO3 is promoted by coating an amorphous cobalt-phosphate (CoPi). Compared with pristine LaFeO3, the onset potential with CoPi coating for water oxidation exhibits 170 mV cathodic shift in 0.1 M KOH at pH~13.6. The photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance has been investigated and the LaFeO3/CoPi electrode obtains 0.39 mA /cm2 at 0.2 V vs. Ag/AgCl, which is four times higher than that of pristine LaFeO3. Our results reveal that the oxygen evolution and PEC performance of LaFeO3 are enhanced with CoPi coating and could be a promising visible-light driven photocatalyst.
Controllable Phosphorus Doped Graphene Field Effect Transistor Using Phospho-Silicate Glass Films
Authors: Yoon Jin-sang , Park Hyung-Youl , Park Jin-Hong
Published: May 2015

Wide-range controllable n-doping process of graphene on phosphosilicate glass(PSG) insulating substrate was demonstrated by adjusting the thermal process condition. This was achieved by two-step annealing process consisting of the first dopant out-diffusion and second activation steps. The doping control was accomplished by adjusting the concentration of the out-diffused P2O5 molecules from the PSG films. The increased amount of P2O5 molecules at the PSG surface and the smoothen surface through the annealing are predicted to strengthen the dipole moment and consequently the degree of n-doping. The feasibility of the n-doping process for graphene-based electronic devices was successfully demonstrated in this paper by fabricating a MOS capacitor with n-channel FETs on annealed graphene.
R&D Overview of 3D Integration Technology Using TSV Worldwide and in Japan
Authors: Kada Morihiro
Published: May 2015

3D Integration Technology using Thorough Si Via (TSV) is expected as the engine for strengthening of global competitiveness. This technology, as a core technology of More than Moore, that importance has been recognized and the development has been performed all over the world. However, full-scale volume manufacturing is not started yet. In this paper, the history and the latest 3D Integration Technology R&D using TSV in the world are overviewed. Then, the R&D results of Japanese national project "Development on Functionally Innovative 3D-Integrated Circuit (Dream Chip)” and the outline of "Next Generation Smart Device Project" newly started are introduced.
Role of Cuprous Ion in Copper Electrodeposition Acceleration - a Rotating Ring Disk Study
Authors: Nishimura Kouhei , Matsuura Shogo , Hayashi Taro , Kondo Kazuo , Yokoi Masayuki , Saito Takeyasu , Okamoto Naoki
Published: May 2015

We have already reported the cuprous ion concentration inside the via is closely related to void decreases and bottom-up via filling during copper electrodeposition. And further, observed the deposition current acceleration at through mask trench electrode when the substrate is pre-dissolved under nitrogen gas atmosphere with SPS and chloride added bath. In this paper we measured the changes in reaction intermediates concentration with the additives of SPS and chloride ion by using rotating ring disk electrode, and found as follows. In copper deposition at the disk electrode with adding Chloride and SPS or MPS, a marked increase in ring currents, which are the amounts of cuprous intermediates, were observed, and the largest current with 6ppm of MPS and 50ppm of Chloride. While, the ring deposition current markedly increased if the cuprous was supplied with additives of SPS and Chloride. MPS accelerate current more than SPS with cuprous supply.
Improvement of Thermal Reliability and Power Density of SOFCs by Preparing Nano LSC Particles between GDC Electrolyte and LSCF Cathode
Authors: Mukai Takehito , Fujita Takahiro , Tsukui Shigeki , Yoshida Kenichi , Adachi Motoaki , Iwai Hiroyuki , Takahashi Yosuke , Goretta Kenneth C
Published: May 2015

For enhancement of thermal reliability and reduction of operating temperature of SOFCs, it is effective to increase contact area and to extend triple phase-boundary area (TPB). In this work, we inserted approximately 50 nm LSC particles between the electrolyte and cathode by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Thermal cycle testing of unit cells with or without LSC were carried out from 200 to 600°C with heating and cooling rates of 400°C h‒ 1. Cathode thin film in the unit cell without LSC delaminated from the electrolyte after only one thermal cycle, whereas cathode thin film in the unit cell with LSC survived 50 cycles. Unit cells with LSC exhibited a maximum power density of 0.53 W cm‒ 2 at 600°C; unit cells without LSC exhibited 0.29 W cm‒ 2 at 600°C. We succeeded in enhancing the thermal reliability and reducing the operating temperature of SOFCs simultaneously by inserting the cathode nanoparticles.
Development of a Silver/Silver Ibuprofenate Potentiometric Sensor for Ibuprofen Quantification in Pharmaceutical Products
Authors: Rivera-Hernández Selene Irisais , Álvarez-Romero Giaan Arturo , Páez-Hernández María Elena , Galán-Vidal Carlos Andrés , Corona-Avendaño Silvia
Published: May 2015

Nonsteroidal antiinflamatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most used drugs due to their analgesic, antipyretic and antiinflamatory properties. Within this group of pharmaceutical compounds, Ibuprofen (acid-α-methyl-4(isobutyl)-phenylacetic is found. It is useful for treating headaches and arthritis. To assure consumer’s health, it is necessary to develop analytical methodologies to allow an accurate and exact quantification of ibuprofen. Potentiometry has demonstrated to be an advantageous technique, standing out the use of second type electrodes, which in accordance with the Nernst equation can detected anions activities. Considering this last, in this work we present the development and analytical characterization of a second-type electrode based on the Silver/Silver Ibuprofenate (Ag/AgIbu) pair for the quantification of Ibuprofen in pharmaceutical drugs.
Characterization of Electrodeposited Co-Pt Nanodot Array at Initial Deposition Stage
Authors: Wodarz Siggi , Otani Tomohiro , Hagiwara Hiroki , Homma Takayuki
Published: May 2015

We have fabricated Co-Pt nanodot arrays by electrochemical process for the application of bit patterned media (BPM), which is proposed as a key technology for future recording media. Since　formation of uniform nanodot arrays is required for BPM, controlling the initial stages of electrodeposition is significant. In this work, we analyzed the effects of applied potential and size of nano-patterns on initial stages of Co-Pt electrodeposition. As a result, number of Co-Pt nuclei decreased in smaller nano-pore. In particular, formation of Co-Pt single grains, which exhibit high and uniform coercivity, was expected with low overpotential in nano-pore with 10 nm diameter. Furthermore, coercivities of Co-Pt films at the initial stage increased with lower overpotential, since Co-Pt nucleated and grew along with Ru underlayer with high orientation. These results indicate that magnetic properties of Co-Pt nanodot arrays can be optimized by controlling the nucleation and growth behavior of Co-Pt.
(High Temperature Materials Division Outstanding Achievement Award) Semiconducting Properties and Defect Disorder of Titanium Dioxide
Authors: Nowotny Janusz , Bak Tadeusz , Alim Mahommad
Published: May 2015

This work reports defect disorder of TiO2 in terms of defect diagrams showing the effect of oxygen activity and temperature on the concentration of both ionic and electronic defects and the related semiconducting properties. It is also shown that imposition of the gas/solid equilibrium for the TiO2-O2 system should be considered in terms of the equilibration kinetics of both fast and slow defects. In the latter case the time required to reach the equilibrium at 1323 K is up to 4000 h. The effect of indium on surface vs. bulk electrical properties is considered in terms of both thermoelectric power and electrical conductivity determined at 1023 K – 1273 K in the gas phase of controlled oxygen activity [10-16 Pa<p(O2)<105 Pa]. It is shown that the effect of oxygen activity on the electrical properties is consistent with a dual mechanism of indium incorporation, involving acceptor energy levels in the bulk and donor levels at the interface. This results in the formation of a quasi-isolated thin interface layer that differs from the bulk in the semiconducting properties and the related defect disorder. This conclusion is supported by surface analysis of In-doped TiO2 using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) showing strong indium surface segregation. It is shown that the semiconducting properties may be modified in a controlled manner by defect engineering. It is also shown that segregation may be used as the technology in processing TiO2 with desired surface vs. bulk semiconducting properties that are required to form high-performance photoelectrodes.
Boron-Doped Nanocrystalline Diamond Grown on Reticulated Vitreous Carbon: Morphological, Structural, and Electrochemical Characterizations
Authors: Oishi Silvia Sizuka , Botelho Edson Cocchieri , Rezende Mirabel Cerqueira , Baldan Mauricio Ribeiro , Ferreira Neidenei Gomes
Published: May 2015

Composites formed from diamond grown on carbonaceous materials have been showed special attention due to their remarkable properties for electrochemical applications. In this sense, boron-doped nanocrystalline diamond (BDND) films were grown on reticulated vitreous carbon (RVC) substrates produced from poly(furfuryl alcohol) at two heat treatment temperatures (HTT) of 1000 °C and 1700 °C. The films were produced from hot filament chemical vapor deposition reactor with an in-situ doping process in the gas phase. Scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy analyses confirmed that both RVC electrodes were totally covered by good quality nanodiamond coatings with acceptor concentrations at around 1020 B.cm-3, evaluated by Mott-Shottky measurements. Both RVC/BDND composites presented good electrochemical response in redox couple. Nonetheless, RVC/BDND1700 showed the best conductivity due to its lowest variation of ΔEp
value as well as its highest electrochemical area. These results demonstrate that RVC/BDND1700 is a very promising electrode material.
Abstract 1006: Structural peculiarities of flavonoids influence anti-angiogenic, cytotoxic and antioxidant effects: experimental and insilico analysis
Authors: Gacche Raju N. , Shegokar Harshala D. , Gond Dhananjay S. , Meshram Rohan J.
Published: May 2015

Structural diversity of flavonoids and biological activities has remained an important discourse in the mainstream of flavonoid research. In the present studies different class of flavonoids such as flavones, flavanones and flavanolols were evaluated for their antiangiogenic, cytotoxic and antioxidant activities. The anti-angiogenic activity was evaluated using in vivo chorioallantoic membrane model (CAM), antioxidant potential and kinetics of free radical scavenging activity was determined using DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazine) and superoxide anion radical (SOR) scavenging assays, while cytotoxicity against selected cancer cell lines was carried out using MTT cell viability assay. The physicochemical properties/quantum chemical discriptors of the selected flavonoids were calculated using BioMed CAChe 6.1.10 drug. The selected flavonoids were docked in silico onto the proangiogenic peptides such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hypoxia inducible factor (HIF-1α), and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2) and others from human origin. The results of the present investigation are discussed in the mainstream of structure activity relationship which may be useful in translating flavonoids as therapeutic molecules targeting angiogenesis.

References

1. Gacche R. N. Shegokar Harshala, Gond Dhananjay , A. D. Jadhav and Ghole Vikram. (2010). Effect of Hydroxyl Substitution of Flavone on Antiangiogenic and Free Radical Scavenging Activities: A Structure Activity Relationship Studies Using Computational Tools. European J. Pharmaceutical Science 39, 37-44.

2. Gacche R. N. Shegokar Harshala, Gond Dhananjay , Zhenzhou Yang, A. D. Jadhav (2011). Evaluation of selected flavonoids as antiangiogenic, anticancer and radical scavenging agents: an experimental and in silico analysis. Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics 61, 651-663. DOI 10.1007/s12013-011-9252-z.

3. Gacche RN and Meshram RJ (2013) Targeting Tumor Micro-environment for Design and Development of Novel Anti-angiogenic Agents Arresting Tumor Growth. Progress in Biophysics & Molecular Biology 113 (2013) 333-354.

Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting.

Citation Format: Raju N. Gacche, Harshala D. Shegokar, Dhananjay S. Gond, Rohan J. Meshram. Structural peculiarities of flavonoids influence anti-angiogenic, cytotoxic and antioxidant effects: experimental and insilico analysis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1006. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1006
Abstract 1007: Nanoformulation enhances anti-angiogenic efficacy of Tunicamycin
Authors: Banerjee Aditi , Banerjee Dipak K.
Published: May 2015

The breast cancer landscape indicates it is a global problem and accounts for nearly a quarter of all cancers in women. In 2008, 1.4 million women were diagnosed with the disease worldwide and 438,000 died globally in 2010. In the United States, it is estimated that 296,000 women and 2,240 men will be diagnosed with breast cancer in 2013 and 39,620 women and 410 men will die from the disease. In 2030, with no major changes in prevention or treatment 747,802 women are estimated to die worldwide. Breast cancer treatment includes surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy and/or hormonal therapy, and within the past 15 years, targeted antibody therapy. Unfortunately, de novo and acquired resistance are major issues with all known targeted therapies. Tumor microenvironment (TME) is immensely complex and contributes to chemoresistance. Using Tunicamycin, a potent inhibitor of asparagine-linked (N-linked) protein glycosylation we have established earlier that Tunicamycin inhibits (i) angiogenesis in vitro by arresting cells in G1; (ii) in vivo angiogenesis in Matrigel™ implant in nude mice; and (iii) prevents the progression of double- and triple-negative breast tumors in athymic nude mice by inducing “ER stress”. Nanoparticles (<100 nm) evade the immune system's clearing mechanisms long enough to reach the targeted disease tissue efficiently. We have, therefore, hypothesized that nano-formulated Tunicamycin would have a better efficacy in treating breast cancer in the clinic. The objective was to evaluate nano-formulated Tunicamycin, and we have used Tunicamycin encapsulated in peptide nanotubes, nanotubes bound to gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) conjugated with Tunicamycin, Tunicamycin conjugated with nanotubes, Au NPs bound to tubes and conjugated with Tunicamycin, and Au NPs conjugated with Tunicamycin. The MTT assay indicated that nanoparticles (1 μg/mL) inhibited capillary endothelial cells proliferation ∼50% within one hour of treatment whereas the native Tunicamycin had no effect. The nanoformulated Tunicamycin blocked the cell cycle progression by inhibiting either both cyclin D1 and CDK4, or cyclin D1, or the CDK4 expression as well as the expression of phospho Rb (serine-229/threonine-252). Phosphorylation of p53 at serine-392 was down-regulated but not the total p53. Increased expression of GRP-78/Bip identified “ER stress”. Upregulated expression (1.6-5.5 folds) of phopsho-PERK supported induction of unfolded protein response (upr) signaling. Down regulated expression of caspase-9 and caspase-3 proposes a non-canonical pathway of cell death during “ER stress” induced by nano-formulated Tunicamycin.

Citation Format: Aditi Banerjee, Dipak K. Banerjee. Nanoformulation enhances anti-angiogenic efficacy of Tunicamycin. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1007. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1007