bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Son Osmanlı Padişahı Vahidettin ve İngilizler
Authors: Sonyel Salâhi R.
Published: July 2024

1922 yılı başlarken, Mustafa Kemal'in önderliğindeki Türk milliyetçilerinin, Anadolu'nun ortasında kurmuş oldukları yönetim kök salmış, sağlam temeller üzerine oturtulmuştu. Bu yönetimin başlıca amacı, 15 Mayıs 1919'dan beri Batı Anadolu'da bulunan Yunan istilâ gücünü ve Mondros Bırakışmasının imzalanmasından sonra Türkiye'nin en verimli bölgelerini ele geçiren İtilâf devletlerini hudut dışı etmekti. Bu nedenle Doğu'da Afganistan, Sovyet Rusya ve peykleri Azerbaycan, Gürcistan, Ermenistan ve Ukrayna ; Batı'da Fransa ve İtalya ile çeşitli antlaşmalar imzalamış; Balkan devletleri, İslam ülkeleri ve boyunduruk altındaki sömürgelerle ilişki kurmuş; ülkenin maddi ve manevi tüm gücünü, ulusal amaca yöneltmişti. Bu amaca barış yoluyla ulaşmayı ve ülkeyi korkunç bir savaşın felaketlerinden kurtarmayı, Türk önderleri pek doğal olarak yeğ tutuyorlardı; ama yurt içindeki düşmanların ses çıkarmadan çekilip gitmelerini beklemek safdillik olurdu. Nitekim Mustafa Kemal, düşmanların Anadolu'yu kavgasız gürültüsüz bırakmıyacaklarına inanıyordu. Bununla birlikte, bu inancını kanıtlamak, itilaf devlet adamlarının içyüzlerini açıklamak, Türk tezini Batı'ya duyurmak ve o tarihlerde Yunanistan'a destek kazandırmak amacıyla Avrupa'da dolaşıp duran Yunan Başbakanı Dimitrios Gunaris başkanlığındaki kurulun ilişkilerini etkisiz bırakmak amacıyla, Avrupa'ya bir kurul göndermek için Bakanlar Kurulunda bir karar aldırıyordu.
Bir Hocanın Ölümü
Authors: Taner Haldun
Published: July 2024

Bir takım insanlar vardır. Sabahları erkenden kalkarlar. Çantalarım alırlar. Dolmuş ya da otobüs kuyruğunda beklerler. İtiş, kakış, içi gençlerle dolu bir takım binalara varırlar. Merdivenler çıkarlar, gözlüklerini takarlar, notlarını, kitaplarını kürsüye yayarlar. Anlatmaya başlarlar. Anlattıkça, gözleri parlar, yüzlerini tatlı bir pembelik kaplar. Genellikle dalgındırlar. Tatlı düşleri görür gibi, mutlu bir halleri vardır. Yine çoklukla, paraya, çıkara, günlük yaşamın kaşkarikolarına karşı ilgisizdirler. Bu konularda bilgisizdirler. Tek mutlulukları, insan yetiştiriyoruz, sanısında olmalarıdır. Bu hülya ile ev ile okul, okul ile kütüphane arasında mekik dokur dururlar. Bunlara hoca denir. Zenginlerin, fakirlerin, sivillerin, askerlerin, memurların, vurguncuların, hasılı ülkenin her çeşit insanlarının çocuklarını okutmakla yükümlüdürler. Alçak yürekli olduklarından, bu işi pir aşkına yaptıklarından, toplum onları hiç değilse, plâtonik olarak onurlamak gereksinmesini duyar. Hocaların eli öpülür, sırtı okşanır. Konuşma sırasında kendilerine "Hocam" diye hitap edilir. Onlar da bu kadarcık poh pohdan sevinirler, duygulanırlar.
An Ancient Harbour in the District of Alanya
Authors: Tıgrel Gülay
Published: July 2024

The extensive plain, that borders the south coast of Asia Minor from Antalya to the river Melas, is the ancient Pamphylia. To the east of this, where the Taurus mountains gradually approach the coast, lies the geographically contrasting region of Rough Cilicia. The borders of Pamphylia, especially the eastern extremity which interests us mainly, have always been a matter of different concepts among the ancient authors. We accept the general fact that Side is the last Pamphylian city, and so the east of the river Melas should be regarded as Rough Cilicia. The region, which the present work deals with, is the part of the coast lying between Alara Çay and Kargı Çay in west Cilicia. The accounts of the early explorers, such as Beaufort, Heberdey and Wilhelm, Rott, Keil and Wilhelm, Paribeni and Romanelli, Mitford and Bean, are stili interesting to read but hardly sufficient. Beaufort's attention was attracted by a cape which is located to the east of cape Karaburun and about zo km. to the west of Alanya (Corecesium)
Osmanlı (Türk) - Yunan Deniz Silahlanma Yarışı
Authors: Büyüktuğrul Afif
Published: July 2024

Beni bu konuda etraflı bir inceleme yapmaya götüren neden 1951, 1953 yıllarında Roma Büyükelçiliği nezdinde Deniz ateşesi bulunduğum sırada, rastgele olarak, İstiklal savaşımızdan hemen sonra Yunan Büyükelçiliği yapmış olan Ekselans Papa ile yaptığım bir konuşma oldu. Ekselans Papa, nezaket konuşmalarından sonra sözü Türk - Yunan ilişkilerine getirdi ve şu fikri ortaya attı : "Osmanlı devletinden ayrılmakla en büyük günahı biz işledik. Çünkü ayrılmadan önce Osmanlı devleti içinde çok mutlu bir hayatımız vardı. Osmanlı Imparatorluğunun dağılması ise en acı sonucunu kocaman bir ekonominin paralanmasında verdi. Artık ufak ufak Arap ve Balkan devletlerinin, Türkiye Cumhuriyetinin ve Yunanistan'ın yalnız başlarına eski mutluluğa kavuşmaları hiç mümkün değildir". Gerçekten de Türk ve Yunan milletlerinin yaşadıkları coğrafya Avrupa uygarlığının doğu tarafını koruyacak bir noktada idi. Ünlü Alman mareşal' "Almanya bin yıl Avrupa uygarlığını Slav tehlikesine karşı korudu". dedikten sonra elbette Osmanlı Devleti de, Çarlık Rusyasına karşı onsekiz savaş yapmakla, ikiyüz yıl aynı hizmeti görmüştü. Üstelik bu hizmeti görürken İngiltere'nin dostluğu değil düşmanlığı ile karşılaşmıştı : 1771 yılında Çarlık filosu Çeşme'de Osmanlı filosunu yakarken Ruslara o rehberlik etmiş ve hatta Rus amiralına Boğaza saldırmayı bile teklif etmişti; 1827 yılında içinde Navarin limanında yatan Osmanlı donanmasını o yakmıştı; Kırım savaşından önceki Osmanlı-Rus savaşında Rusların Sinop'ta Osmanlı filosunu yakmasına da İngiliz amiralı neden olmuştu.
АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ КРЫМСКОТАТАРСКОЙ ПУНКТУАЦИИ (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ ПРОИЗВЕДЕНИЯ ШАМИЛЯ АЛЯДИНА «ИБЛИСНИНЪ ЗИЯФЕТИНЕ ДАЪВЕТ»)
Authors: Селендили Лемара Сергеевна
Published: July 2024

В статье рассматриваются некоторые вопросы кодификации крымскотатарского языка, специфические особенности использования запятых в крымскотатарском тексте. Цель исследования заключается в изучении функционирования запятых, использованных при оформлении крымскотатарскоязычного текста произведения Шамиля Алядина «Иблиснинъ зияфетине даъвет» ‘Приглашение на пир дьявола’, их актуализация и интерпретация. Для достижения поставленной цели впервые решается ряд практических задач: определен лингвистический статус и признаки некоторых грамматических единиц, необходимые для установления ориентиров, лежащих в основе использования запятых в соответствии с существующими правилами пунктуации в крымскотатарском языке и правилами, которые до сих пор не нашли отражения в кодификации крымскотатарского литературного языка. В процессе работы используются следующие методы: описательный, лингвистического моделирования, трансформационный и др.Работа построена на основе коммуникативного, функционально-речевого, формальнограмматического и структурно-семантического подходов: нами учитывается значение, функции каждой части предложения в отдельности, характер отношений между ними и содержание предложения в целом, членение предложения на интонационно-смысловыечасти, порядок слов, способ выражения членов предложения, средства связи, структура синтаксической конструкции и синтаксическая позиция членов предложения, что непосредственно отражается на употреблении соответствующих знаков препинания. Настоящее научное исследование проводится на материале текстовых последовательностей, собранных методом сплошной выборки из произведения Шамиля Алядина «Иблиснинъ зияфетине даъвет», описываются случаи употребления запятой, позиция союзов, союзных относительных слов, деепричастий, наречий и др., которые используются для связи однородных членов, частей сложного предложения, а также для соединенияотдельных предложений в тексте.
ИЗ ИСТОРИИ ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ КУМЫКСКОГО ЯЗЫКА В ДАГЕСТАНЕ (ВТОРАЯ ПОЛОВИНА ХIХ – ПЕРВАЯ ТРЕТЬ ХХ ВВ.)
Authors: Гусейнов Гарун-Рашид Абдул-Кадырович
Published: July 2024

Статья посвящена рассмотрению ранее не изученной истории функционирования кумыкского языка и его общественных функций в Дагестане в ХIХ – первой трети ХХ вв. При этом в пределах региона имело место функционирование русского (со второй половины XIX в. и до 20-х гг. ХХ в.) языка в статусе государственного, а в советскийпериод (20–30-е гг. XX в.) – русского и родных – собственно дагестанских и тюркских. Какследствие в 20–30-е гг. XX в. в регионе сложилась уникальная языковая ситуация, обусловленная особенностями функционирования и статуса русского, собственно дагестанских и тюркских языков народов Дагестана. Ее анализ в динамическом отношении с учетом аспектов функционирования русского, собственно дагестанских и тюркских языков народов в Дагестане составил основную цель данного исследования. Он производился надвух синхронных срезах: досоветская эпоха, когда государственным являлся русский язык,а тюркские языки функционировали как основное средство межэтнической коммуникации;раннесоветская эпоха (первой трети ХХ вв.), когда сложилась уникальная концепция триязычия, при которой наряду с обучением на родных языках, было произведено ранжирование языковых средств межэтнического общения. В пределах республики с этой целью использовался тюркский (кумыкский) язык, за ее пределами – русский. В дальнейшем, с принятием Постановления СНК СССР и ЦК ВКП(б) от 13.03.1938 № 324 «Об обязательномизучении русского языка в школах национальных республик и областей», кумыкский языкбыл исключен из числа обязательных для изучения в школах Дагестана.
Karakteristik Gel Surimi Ikan Bulan-Bulan (Megalops Cyprinoides) Terhadap Frekuensi Pencucian
Authors: Sinuraya Servinta Br , Zuraida Ita , Diachanty Seftylia , Irawan Irman , Pamungkas Bagus Fajar
Published: July 2024

The washing of fish meat in the manufacture of surimi is carried out to remove water-soluble components in order to obtain myofibrillar protein concentrate which plays an important role in the formation of surimi gel. This study aims to determine the frequency of washing that is able to produce the best surimi gel characteristics in Indo-Pacific Tarpon fish (Megalops cyprinoides). This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 washing frequency treatments and 3 replications. Parameters observed were proximate composition, gel strength, whiteness, and expressible moisture content. The frequency of washing had an effect on the characteristics of the fish surimi gel (p0.05) with the highest surimi gel strength in the one-wash treatment which had a load max value of 68.36±0.74 kg/cm2. The frequency of washing affects the gelling ability of this surimi.
Redefining Enterprise Data Management with AI-Powered Automation
Authors: Neelakrishnan Priyanka
Published: July 2024

In today's rapidly evolving digital landscape, the volume of enterprise data has surged exponentially, posing significant challenges in effective data management. Traditional data management techniques are becoming increasingly inadequate to handle the complexity and scale of modern enterprise data. This paper presents an innovative approach to revolutionize enterprise data management through AI-powered automation, a solution that enhances accuracy, efficiency, and decision-making processes within organizations. By leveraging advanced artificial intelligence technologies, such as machine learning, natural language processing, and predictive analytics, our proposed system aims to streamline data processing, ensure data quality, and provide real-time insights. This paper will discuss the limitations of existing data management systems, illustrate the novel methodologies integrated within our AI-driven framework, and demonstrate the system's efficacy through empirical results. The transformative potential of AI in automating data management processes not only addresses current challenges but also sets a foundation for future advancements in the field. As enterprises strive to maintain a competitive edge, the adoption of AI-powered automation for data management is not merely an option but a necessity for sustaining growth and innovation.
The Role of Modified Atmosphere Packaging in Reducing Postharvest Losses a
Authors: Das Bairagya Nimai , Banerjee Ankita , Pal Govinda , Biswas Amit , Mondal Ranit
Published: July 2024

Modified Atmosphere Storage (MAS) and Packaging (MAP) are advanced preservation technologies widely utilized in the post-harvest handling of fruits, vegetables, and poultry products to extend shelf life, maintain quality, and reduce spoilage. These methods involve altering the atmospheric composition within storage or packaging environments, typically by reducing oxygen levels and increasing carbon dioxide concentrations. The three main gases utilized in food processing are carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen (N2), and oxygen (O2). The majority of fresh fruits, vegetables, and food items are made using various combinations of two or three of these gases, depending on what the demands of the particular product are. Generally, a 30–60% CO2 split is utilized for non-respiring items, where microbial growth is the primary spoiling characteristic. The remaining amount can either be pure N2 (for foods sensitive to O2) or a combination of N2 and O2. In order to minimize the respiration rate, around 5% CO2 and O2 are often employed for respiring products gas level, with N2 making up the remaining amount. This creates conditions that slow down metabolic activities, microbial growth, and oxidative reactions. For fruits and vegetables, MAS and MAP help in delaying ripening, reducing respiration rates, and maintaining texture and nutritional value. In the case of poultry products, these technologies are crucial in minimizing microbial contamination, preventing spoilage, and maintaining sensory attributes such as colour, flavour, and tenderness.
Project-Based Teacher Technology Learning a Case Study of ChatGPT Application
Authors: JG, GU Jingqian,
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the effectiveness of project-based learning (PBL) in enhancing teacher technology proficiency, using ChatGPT as a case study. The research involved engaging teachers in technology- driven projects, supported by ChatGPT, to evaluate improvements in their digital tool usage and instructional methods. Findings reveal that teachers significantly improved their technology integration skills, exhibited higher confidence, and provided positive feedback on the hands-on, collaborative learning process. Specific applications of ChatGPT, such as personalized tutoring and content creation, were highly valued. The study highlights the potential of PBL and AI tools like ChatGPT in advancing professional development for educators. Recommendations for educational policy and future research are also discussed.
Exploring causes of bullying among grade eight and nine learners in a South African education district
Authors: Mguye Nizibone Juliet
Published: July 2024

Bullying is a social phenomenon that has become a complex problem worldwide due to the complications that arise from its persistence among school-going adolescents. This study explored the causes of bullying among grades 8 and 9 in one secondary school in Amatole East District, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. This qualitative study employed constructivist paradigm and a case study design. It utilised interviews to elicit data from 15 purposefully sampled participants. This study was informed by Travis Hirschi's 1968 Social Control Theory, and I used Braun and Clark's thematic analysis steps to analyse and interpret the data. The study found that bullying is triggered by jealousy and envy among learners, inadequate school furniture, family environment, physical attributes, lack of moral education, lack of sexual orientation education, and age differences among learners. Therefore, the study concluded that in order to detect the causes of bullying among grade 8 and 9 learners, teachers must apply Social Control Theory in the school environment by establishing consistent and supportive teacher-learner relationships to easily identify learners' behavioural changes and promote support, peer relationships, and unity among learners. This will reduce internal motivation that leads them to initiate bullying and violate other learners' rights. Additionally, the findings of this study will enable school stakeholders to develop intervention strategies, including disciplinary measures for learners, providing sexual orientation education, and involving parents in their efforts to manage bullying among grades 8 and 9 learners.
From Civilization to Barbarism in
El ciudadano ilustre
: The Return of a Latin American Paradigm?
Authors: VAN HAESENDONCK KRISTIAN
Published: July 2024

The aim of this article is to have an in-depth look at how the nineteenth-century paradigm of
civilización y barbarie
, predominant in Latin America, is represented in the film
El ciudadano ilustre/ The Distinguished Citizen
(2016), an Argentine film directed by Mariano Cohn and Gastón Duprat. A fictional account of an Argentine writer’s life after winning the Nobel Prize, it has a highly ambiguous ending. I argue that the film establishes a dialogic link with classics of Latin American literature such as Esteban Echeverría’s ‘El Matadero’ (1871) and Jorge Luis Borges’ ‘El Sur’ (1953), and
Facundo
by Domingo Faustino Sarmiento, laying bare the unresolved tension between
civilización
and
barbarie
in contemporary Argentina and broader Latin American society. A close analysis of
El ciudadano ilustre
shows that, at least in Latin America, oppositional concepts have all but died, thus challenging the postmodern trend of dissolving them along with other supposedly outdated binarisms (such as urban v. rural, centre v. periphery.). Simultaneously, the film uses metafiction as a postmodern strategy to deal critically with the dichotomy.
Probabilistic Forward Modeling of Galaxy Catalogs with Normalizing Flows
Authors: Crenshaw John Franklin , Kalmbach J. Bryce , Gagliano Alexander , Yan Ziang , Connolly Andrew J. , Malz Alex I. , Schmidt Samuel J. ,   The LSST Dark Energy Science Collaboration
Published: July 2024

Evaluating the accuracy and calibration of the redshift posteriors produced by photometric redshift (photo-z) estimators is vital for enabling precision cosmology and extragalactic astrophysics with modern wide-field photometric surveys. Evaluating photo-z posteriors on a per-galaxy basis is difficult, however, as real galaxies have a true redshift but not a true redshift posterior. We introduce PZFlow, a Python package for the probabilistic forward modeling of galaxy catalogs with normalizing flows. For catalogs simulated with PZFlow, there is a natural notion of “true” redshift posteriors that can be used for photo-z validation. We use PZFlow to simulate a photometric galaxy catalog where each galaxy has a redshift, noisy photometry, shape information, and a true redshift posterior. We also demonstrate the use of an ensemble of normalizing flows for photo-z estimation. We discuss how PZFlow will be used to validate the photo-z estimation pipeline of the Dark Energy Science Collaboration, and the wider applicability of PZFlow for statistical modeling of any tabular data.
Discovery of an Extremely r-process-enhanced Thin-disk Star with [Eu/H] = +0.78
Authors: Xie Xiao-Jin , Shi Jianrong , Yan Hong-Liang , Chen Tian-Yi , Allende Prieto Carlos , Beers Timothy C. , Liu Shuai , Li Chun-Qian , Ding Ming-Yi , Tang Yao-Jia , Zhang Ruizhi , Xie Renjing
Published: July 2024

Highly r-process-enhanced (RPE) stars are rare and usually metal poor ([Fe/H] < −1.0), and they mainly populate the Milky Way halo and dwarf galaxies. This study presents the discovery of a relatively bright (V = 12.72), highly RPE (r-II) star ([Eu/Fe] = +1.32, [Ba/Eu] = −0.95), LAMOST J020623.21+494127.9. This star was selected from the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope medium-resolution (R ∼ 7500) spectroscopic survey; follow-up high-resolution (R ∼ 25,000) observations were conducted with the High Optical Resolution Spectrograph installed on the Gran Telescopio Canarias. The stellar parameters (T
eff = 4130 K,

log

g

= 1.52, [Fe/H] = −0.54, ξ = 1.80 km s−1) have been inferred taking into account nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium effects. The abundances of [Ce/Fe], [Pr/Fe], and [Nd/Fe] are +0.19, +0.65, and +0.64, respectively, relatively low compared to the Solar r-process pattern normalized to Eu. This star has a high metallicity ([Fe/H] = −0.54) compared to most other highly RPE stars and has the highest measured abundance ratio of Eu to H ([Eu/H] = +0.78). It is classified as a thin-disk star based on its kinematics and does not appear to belong to any known stream or dwarf galaxy.
Cosmology from One Galaxy in a Void?
Authors: Wang 汪 Bonny Y. 玥 , Pisani Alice
Published: July 2024

Understanding galaxy properties may be the key to unlocking some of the most intriguing mysteries of modern cosmology. Recent work relied on machine learning to extract cosmological constraints on Ωm using only one galaxy. But if this is true, how should we select the galaxy to use for cosmology inference? In this Letter, we consider selecting a galaxy that lies in cosmic voids, the underdense regions of the cosmic web, and compare the constraints obtained with the ones obtained when randomly selecting a galaxy in the whole sample. We use the IllustrisTNG galaxy catalog from the Cosmology and Astrophysics with MachinE Learning Simulations (CAMELS) project and the VIDE void finder to identify galaxies inside voids. We show that void galaxies provide stronger constraints on Ωm compared to randomly selected galaxies. This result suggests that the distinctive characteristics of void galaxies may provide a cleaner and more effective environment for extracting cosmological information.
Evaluation of therapeutic effectiveness of antituberculosis injection based on conversion time in drug-resistant tuberculosis
Authors: Oktaviani Emy , Anggadiredja Kusnandar , Amalia Lia
Published: July 2024

Drug-resistant tuberculosis is a condition in which Mycobacterium tuberculosis is resistant to first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs, namely isoniazid and rifampicin, which are the two most effective anti-tuberculosis agents. Conversion time is a parameter to assess whether the therapeutic effect of injection has been achieved by carrying out two acid-resistant bacilli (ARB) sputum examinations within a maximum period of 2 consecutive months. Kanamycin and capreomycin are injectable drugs that are used in the intensive phase. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of injection using ARB sputum conversion time and to analyze other factors related to ARB sputum conversion time. The study used retrospective data from patients’ medical records, collected with purposive sampling technique. The results of the study showed that from 101 patients who met the inclusion criteria 57.4% used kanamycin and 42.6% received capreomycin. The therapeutic effect was achieved in 87.1%. There was no significant correlation between the type of injection therapy and therapeutic effectiveness (p-value = 0.983). In conclusion, therapy using injections for drug-resistant tuberculosis is effective but still requires close monitoring due to the high adverse drug reaction (ADR).
First record of Orthohalarachne attenuata in Arctocephalus australis in mainland Argentina (Parasitiformes, Mesostigmata, Dermanyssoidea, Halarachnidae) with observations on its ambulacral morphology
Authors: Porta Andrés Osvaldo , Loureiro Juan Pablo , Castelo Marcela Karina
Published: July 2024

Pinniped respiratory mites of the species Orthohalarachne attenuata have been recorded from various locations around the world but not from continental Argentina. In the present work, we document for the first time the presence of O. attenuata on Arctocephalus australis on the Argentine mainland. A total of 23 adult and 381 immature mites were collected from the nose and nasopharyngeal cavity during a necropsy. The mite ambulacrum is described in adults and larvae. This structure consists of a pretarsus, an extensible pulvillum, a pair of claws and paradactyli (pretarsus opercula). The ambulacral structures also have some peculiarities, such as the presence of longitudinal furrows in the claws, straight claws in legs II and III (as opposed to curved in legs I and IV), and the fin-shaped paradactyli. The morphology of the ambulacrum of this mite is interpreted as an adaptation for anchoring to different surfaces of the host, and the protective structures present in the larvae as an adaptation for the dispersal phase in the external environment.
Gauging Public Interest in Pediatric Ophthalmology Conditions Using Google Trends
Authors: Aldhahwani Bashaer , Shaheen Abdulla , Tibi Charlotte , Capo Hilda , Cavuoto Kara M.
Published: July 2024

Google Trends data were analyzed to assess search trends for pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus terms from 2010 to 2022. The highest average search volumes were “lazy eye,” “strabismus,” and “vision therapy.” “Amblyopia” had the lowest search volume. These data highlight the importance of understanding the utilization of online resources in health care and patient education.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2024;61(4):e39–e42.]
An improved stacking-based model for wave height prediction
Authors: Lu Peng , Chen Yuze , Chen Ming , Wang Zhenhua , Zheng Zongsheng , Wang Teng , Kong Ru
Published: July 2024

Wave height prediction is hampered by the volatility and unpredictability of ocean data. Traditional single predictors are inadequate in capturing this complexity, and weighted fusion methods fail to consider inter-model correlations, resulting in suboptimal performance. To overcome these challenges, we presented an improved stacking-based model that combined the long short-term memory (LSTM) network with extremely randomized trees (ET) for wave height prediction. Initially, features with weak correlation to wave height were excluded using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Subsequently, a stacking ensemble tailored for time series cross-validation was deployed, employing LSTM and ET as base learners to capture temporal and feature-specific patterns, respectively. Lasso regression was utilized as the meta-learner, harmonizing these insights to improve accuracy by leveraging the strengths of each model across different dimensions of the data. Validation using datasets from four buoy stations demonstrated the superior predictive capability of our proposed model over single predictors such as temporal convolutional networks (TCN) and XGBoost, and fusion methods like LSTM-ET-BP.
On the nonlocal hybrid $ ({\mathsf{k}}, {\rm{\mathsf{φ}}}) $-Hilfer inverse problem with delay and anticipation
Authors: Salim Abdelkrim , Thabet Sabri T. M. , Kedim Imed , Vivas-Cortez Miguel
Published: July 2024

This paper focused on establishing results regarding the existence of solutions for a class of nonlocal terminal value problems involving hybrid implicit nonlinear fractional differential equations with the $ ({\mathsf{k}}, {\rm{\mathsf{φ}}}) $-Hilfer fractional derivative, which includes both finite delay and anticipation arguments. Our analysis was based on the Banach fixed point technique, and the Schauder and Krasnoselskii fixed point theorems. Moreover, illustrative examples were considered to support our new results.
A Conceptual Framework of Racial Ideologies and Frames
Authors: Long Kelly Burmeister , Adams Katherine Rose
Published: July 2024

This chapter explores prominent scholars' articulations of racial ideologies and frames used in discourse on race and racism. Focusing on qualitative research designs, the chapter aims to consolidate the insights from leading scholars into a consolidated conceptual framework for racial discourse. The conceptual framework draws on influential works, such as Helms' White identity statuses, to categorize racial ideologies, fostering a nuanced understanding of the complexities surrounding racial discourse and contributing to the ongoing efforts to understand societal views of race and racism. Then, this chapter discusses pertinent research designs that could be used in racial discourse analysis in deploying the conceptual framework of racial ideologies and frames.
Investigations on the Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of Friction Stir Processed Aluminum Surface Composites
Authors: Raja Rosari , Jannet Sabitha , Rajaram Ebinezer , Joshua J. , Kandavalli Sumanth Ratna
Published: July 2024

Metal matrix surface composite applications are becoming more and more common and in-demand. The goal of the research is to create and evaluate metal matrix surface composites made with the FSP approach in terms of their mechanical characteristics. AL 7075 was selected as the matrix material because of its robust mechanical properties and numerous industrial uses. Because of their great strength, ductility, and thermal stability, molybdenum, nickel, and graphite were selected as reinforcing materials. For the FSP procedure, a pin with a hexagonal profile was utilized. The milling machine's rotational speed was adjusted to 780 rpm for the procedure. When compared to their pure equivalents, the tensile, hardness, and wear findings of the resulting composite material revealed an increase in results. Additionally, the microstructure of the resulting composite material showed that the grains had been finely refined, particularly in the stir zone. The stir zone's surrounding areas, which include the TMAZ and HAZ, exhibited low-angle grain boundaries and coarse grains in comparison to the base metal.
Enhancing Resistance
Authors: Soundararajan R. , Sathishkumar A. , Kaviyarasan K. , Liyakath Feroz Ali
Published: July 2024

This work looks about the way friction stir processing (FSP), improves the aluminium alloy's (AA) 6082 resistance to wear and corrosion. Two types of samples were fabricated and taken from the FSP'ed stir zone surface for (i) pure AA6082 and (ii) AA6082 with TiC and graphite hybrid surface composites. Rate of wear and co-efficient of friction were evaluated under various conditions, indicating that the hybrid surface composites exhibited superior resistance to wear and reduced co-efficient of friction related to pure AA6082 surfaces. SEM analysis provided insigrhts into the wear mechanisms, while potentiodynamic polarization curves assessed corrosion behaviour in a 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. Incorporating TiC and graphite particles via FSP enhances both wear and corrosion resistance of AA6082, rendering it suitable for applications demanding durability and reliability in harsh environments.
A Review on Critical Parameters in Friction Stir Welding of Hybrid Composites
Authors: Kumar S. Senthil , Maannayee Giriraj
Published: July 2024

The prime objective of this chapter book is to provide a comprehensive exploration of the innovative and evolving field of utilizing friction stir techniques for joining hybrid composite structures. The chapter book aims to present a detailed scrutiny of the various technological aspects involved in the application of the friction stir process to join different hybrid composite materials. The recent advancements, emerging trends, and issues in the solid-state welding field, along with insights into the current technologies, methodologies, and research directions for the continual evolution of friction stir techniques for hybrid composite materials, would be addressed. Practical insights and case studies towards the practical implementation of friction stir techniques in different domains will be given due consideration.
The Relationship Between the Development of Central Bank Digital Currencies and Cryptocurrencies
Authors: Köse Mehmet Yuşa , Köstekçi Ahmet
Published: July 2024

Following the 2008 financial crisis, cryptocurrencies have brought significant innovations to the financial system and created an important test for central banks. Adopted by users in a short period of time and traded in high volumes, cryptocurrencies have a more liberal paradigm than the current financial system. Central banks have initiated studies on CBDCs in order to prevent the risks posed by cryptocurrencies and to take advantage of the opportunities created. Therefore, the development of CBDCs, which are characterized as the turning point of the financial system, is associated with the risks and opportunities created by cryptocurrencies. In this sense, this study aims to evaluate the risks and opportunities in the current situation by first addressing the relationship between the development process of CBDCs and cryptocurrencies. In addition, the study also aims to contribute to the development of CBDCs and literature by theoretically analyzing the possibilities that may occur in the future.
Artificial Intelligence and Central Bank Digital Currency
Authors: Ozili Peterson K.
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this article is to explore the role of artificial intelligence, or AI, in a central bank digital currency project and its challenges. Artificial intelligence is transforming the digital finance landscape. Central bank digital currency is also transforming the nature of central bank money. This study also suggests some considerations which central banks should be aware of when deploying artificial intelligence in their central bank digital currency project. The study concludes by acknowledging that artificial intelligence will continue to evolve, and its role in developing a sustainable CBDC will expand. While AI will be useful in many CBDC projects, ethical concerns will emerge about the use AI in a CBDC project. When such concerns arise, central banks should be prepared to have open discussions about how they are using, or intend to use, AI in their CBDC projects.
Revolutionizing Digital Financial Inclusion With Central Bank Digital Currencies
Authors: R. V. Naveenan , Nanjundaswamy Archana , Loang Ooi Kok
Published: July 2024

The new era of digital finance is revolutionizing traditional banking systems and payment methods. Central bank digital currency (CBDC) has emerged as a technology offering potential solutions to longstanding challenges in financial inclusion. This chapter explores the evolving landscape of digital finance and the transformative role of CBDC in promoting financial inclusion. The chapter begins with an overview of the evolving digital finance ecosystem and highlights the significance of financial inclusion as a catalyst for economic growth. Subsequently, the authors explore the key features and design principles of inclusive CBDC. Further, they critically assess the challenges and risks associated with CBDC implementation, addressing regulatory, technological, and operational considerations. They then analyse the potential role of CBDC in addressing financial inclusion through case studies of successful CBDC implementations. Finally, they conclude by outlining the future trajectory of CBDC as a catalyst for inclusive economic growth.
High-Definition Garden Plant Images Threshold Segmentation Mechanism Based on PSO and DRL
Authors: Ji Shi , Xi Tianlu , Fan Xingchen
Published: July 2024

The accuracy of the threshold determines the quality of high-definition garden plant image segmentation. How to accurately and quickly search for the best combination of multiple thresholds is currently a research difficulty. In this regard, this article proposes an improved adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithm with extremal disturbance (IAPSO), which can to some extent prevent the PSO from falling into local optima by implementing extreme perturbation strategies. Then, by combining IAPSO and Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL), the IAPSO-RL based on policy gradient off policy is proposed. It enhances information exchange between DRL and PSO. The IAPSO-RL can improve the sample efficiency of PSO. Experiments have shown that it can improve the performance and stability of threshold segmentation for high-definition garden plant images.
Contragestation or hidden abortion
Authors: Sgreccia Elio , Di Pietro Maria Luisa
Published: July 2024

The term contraception refers to a set of methods that act with an abortifacient mechanism by altering the physiology of the transport and implantation of the fertilized egg or by causing the elimination of the recently nested embryo. Euphemistically, they are also referred to as interception because they intercept the fertilized egg cell or are even unduly confused with contraceptives.
Animal experimentation
Authors: Manni Ennanno
Published: July 2024

Not available.
Protection of animal welfare and regulation of animal experimentation
Authors: Papalia Sergio
Published: July 2024

To the young recent graduate who is asked which faculty he wants to pursue and who answers us: veterinary medicine because he loves animals, we often find ourselves inclined, referring to the rhetorical wisdom of gray hairs. to suggest to him that he should abandon the youthful illusion that our profession can enable him to keep these feelings intact, but rather to look at the veterinary profession as a profession that is carried out in the service of society, in a spasmodic attempt to please it in all its innumerable needs or whims, almost all of which are oriented toward the exploitation of animals.
Functional knee and ankle outcomes of a peroneus longus tendon autograft for primary reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament
Authors: Hassan Alaa Zenhom Mahmoud , Zein Assem M.N.
Published: July 2024

Background

Peroneus longus tendon (PLT) autograft is commonly used for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction because it is easily harvested and has the same size and strength as the ACL. There are few studies in the literature that discussed donor site complications after ACL reconstruction by PLT. PLT was used as an autograft for reconstructions of the medial patellofemoral ligament and deltoid ligament. We evaluated clinical and functional outcomes for knee, foot, and ankle joints after the use of PLT as an autograft in primary isolated ACL reconstruction.

Patients and methods

We retrospectively reviewed all patients who were operated for primary ACL reconstruction by PLT autograft from May 2020 to May 2021. Preoperatively and postoperatively, all patients were examined clinically for knee stability by anterior drawer, Lachman, and pivot shift tests, applying the International Knee Documentation Committee as well as the Lysholm score. American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Score, Foot and Ankle Ability Measure, and ankle range of motion were used for the evaluation of postoperative foot and ankle functions. Return time to the sport was also evaluated.

Results

Sixty-five patients with ACL-injured knees were included. Their mean age was 29.81 ± 8.33 years and ranged from 20 to 45 years, and males were 54 (83%) and females were 11 (17%). The mean postoperative follow-up period was 32.5 ± 3.1 months. Mean of American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Score was 99.33 and Foot and Ankle Ability Measure was 99.7 after 12 months. Postoperative Lysholm score mean±SD was 95.30 ± 4.65, and the International Knee Documentation Committee mean±SD was 93.47 ± 9.82 withPvalue less than 0.001. Return to sport ranged from 4 to 8 months with mean±SD of 5.67 ± 0.75.

Conclusion

PLT autograft for primary reconstruction of isolated ACL injury did not affect foot and ankle functions with good knee stability and restoration of knee functions postoperatively, which facilitated the return to preoperative sports activity level.
Antimicrobial resistance in surgical infections: experience from open tibia fracture-related infection intraoperative tissue specimens
Authors: Mgisha William , Majigo Mtebe , Mwingwa Antony , Henry Edesio , Ambrose Theresia , Haonga Billy T.
Published: July 2024

Background

Antimicrobial resistance in surgical infections is known to have significant morbidity and mortality in extreme cases on top of increased costs in medical expenditure. This study aimed to analyze antimicrobial resistance patterns of microbes in open tibia fracture-related infection (FRI) using intraoperative tissue samples.

Methods

Between January and June 2022, a descriptive cross-sectional observational study was conducted involving patients aged 18 and above with open tibial shaft fractures. Microbiological culture and sensitivity of three intraoperative deep tissue and bone samples taken by sterile techniques using separate instruments in patients with infection. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method along with biomechanical tests for microbial identification.

Results

Fifty-seven deep tissue samples were taken from 19 patients with FRI who underwent surgery during the study period were analyzed. Almost all (96.5%) intraoperative tissue samples were culture-positive identifying 73 bacterial isolates out of which 57.9% were polymicrobial. The most frequent isolated bacteria were Gram-negative bacteria 56 (76.7%) with a predominance of Proteus spp 13 (17.8%). Methicilin Resistance Staphyaureus comprised 12 (16.4%) of the isolates whereas Inducible Clindamycin resistance was identified in 8 (57.1%) of Staphyloccus aureus isolates. More than half of the isolates 30 (53.6%) comprised of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase producing bacteria. There was high resistance to Cephalosporins and Amoxyclavulanic acid as the efficacy was low ranging from 28.2, 27.8, and 30.0% for cefotaxime, ceftazidime and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, respectively. Almost all Gram-negative bacteria 47 (83.9%) had multidrug resistance pattern except for Pseudomonas aureginosa that had 77.8 to 88.9% susceptibility to all tested antibiotics.

Conclusion

High resistance to cephalosporins in patients with delayed or late infection in open tibia FRI is alarming and further studies to establish causes are indicated.
Adaptation to Hysterectomy: Design and Psychometric Properties Assessment of Hysterectomy Adaptation Scale
Authors: Goudarzi Fatemeh , Babazadeh Raheleh , Ebadi Abbas , Khadivzadeh Talat
Published: July 2024

Background:

Adaptation to complications of hysterectomy is one of the topics of concern for women and health care providers. There is no instrument for evaluating adaptation to hysterectomy. This study aimed to design the Hysterectomy Adaptation Scale (HAS) and assess its psychometric properties.

Materials and Methods:

This methodological study was conducted from 2018 to 2020 in Mashhad, Iran. To develop the item pool, qualitative data from directed content analysis and data from the review of adaptation and coping instruments were used. The face, content, construct validity, internal consistency, and stability were used to evaluate the psychometric properties of HAS.

Results:

The final version of the HAS consisted of 24 items with a reported content validity index of 0.9. Six factors were extracted from the principal component analysis, which explained 60.3 of the observed variance. Model fit indices in confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model was well fitted. The values of the alpha coefficient and intra-class coefficient were 0.86 and 0.95, respectively.

Conclusions:

The HAS is a valid and reliable scale for evaluating the adaptation level of hysterectomized Iranian women. HAS can distinguish between hysterectomized women who have adapted to hysterectomy and those who have not. It can be used to assess the adaptation of hysterectomized women in research and clinical practice.
Progressive Muscular Relaxation Versus Breathing Excercise Techniques to Control Blood Pressure among Mild Preeclamptic Pregnant Women
Authors: Ibrahim Asmaa Abobakr , Gaballah Samia , Abu Bakr Elsaid Noha M. , Mohamed Heba Alkotb
Published: July 2024

Background:

Hypertensive disturbances during pregnancy are the leading cause of maternal and fetal death; unfortunately, no effective treatment exists. Therefore, interventions that reduce the likelihood of developing preeclampsia during pregnancy are required. This study aimed to see how Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) compared to breathing exercise techniques affected Blood Pressure (BP) levels among mildly preeclamptic pregnant women.

Materials and Methods:

A convenience sample was used in a quasi-experimental study of 75 mild preeclamptic pregnant women in the Obstetrical Outpatient Clinics at the Suez Canal University Hospital in Ismailia, Egypt. They were divided into three groups: study group [I]: the deep breathing exercise group; study group [II]: the PMR group; and study group [III]: the control group. Data were collected using two methods: an interviewing information collection tool and a physiological measurement tool.

Results:

There was a statistical significant difference in systolic and diastolic blood pressure after six weeks of training among intervention groups (PMR and breathing excercise technique with p value 0.001 for both groups) compered to contol group. However, there was no statistical difference in BP (systolic or diastolic) after two weeks of intervention among the three groups.

Conclusions:

PMR and breathing techniques could effectively control BP in pregnancy complicated by mild preeclampsia. Both techniques could be introduced in routine antenatal care for women diagnosed with mild preeclampsia. Health and fitness professionals should focus more on preparing and delivering various sports programs incorporating various muscle relaxations and breathing techniques.
The Use of Gemcitabine and Docetaxel as a Novel Combination for Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy in the Management of Recurrent Complicated Abdominal Sarcoma: Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Azzam Ayman Zaki , Aldawalibi Burhan Ammar , Amin Tarek Mahmoud
Published: July 2024

Sarcoma is a rare mesenchymal tumor. Evaluation of sarcoma patients primarily or after recurrence must be done in an experienced center. En bloc surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment for all sarcoma subtypes. The primary surgery or re-resection after recurrence must be done by an experienced, well-trained surgeon. Correlation between the imaging findings, the operative, and the histopathological findings is a must. We report a patient who was diagnosed with retroperitoneal sarcoma and had three surgical resections with incomplete removal. The last resection was complicated by a urinary leak. The tumor was resected piecemeal with the use of gemcitabine and docetaxel as a novel combination for hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in recurrent complicated abdominal sarcomas.
Profinite non-rigidity of arithmetic groups
Authors: Weiss Behar Amir Y.
Published: July 2024

We show that for a typical higher-rank arithmetic lattice 

\Gamma

, there exist finite index subgroups

\Gamma_{1}

and

\Gamma_{2}

such that

\Gamma_{1}\not\cong \Gamma_{2}

while

\widehat{\Gamma_{1}}\cong \widehat{\Gamma_{2}}

. But there are exceptions to that rule.
Poisson geometry, monoidal Fukaya categories, and commutative Floer cohomology rings
Authors: Pascaleff James
Published: July 2024

We describe connections between concepts arising in Poisson geometry and the theory of Fukaya categories. The key concept is that of a symplectic groupoid, which is an integration of a Poisson manifold. The Fukaya category of a symplectic groupoid is monoidal, and it acts on the Fukaya categories of the symplectic leaves of the Poisson structure. Conversely, we consider a wide range of known monoidal structures on Fukaya categories and observe that they all arise from symplectic groupoids. We also use the picture developed to resolve a conundrum in Floer theory: why are some Lagrangian Floer cohomology rings commutative?