bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inference of Disease Burden for Chronic Kidney Disease Screening Intervention Based on a Micro-Simulation Model
Authors: Li Yang , ma yu-qin , Liu Pei , Wang Zhong-liang , Xiong Lin-ping
Published: December 2023

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a high prevalence, low awareness, poor prognosis, and high medical costs. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to analyze the evolution of CKD burden among different groups at a high-risk of CKD in Shanghai with or without screening intervention and provide a quantifiable basis for the selection of screening intervention strategies for CKD.
Methods: A micro-simulation model was constructed for the evolution of CKD burden using data from CKD screening of the population in the Jing'an and Minhang District of Shanghai, China, from January 2015 to December 2020. SAS statistical software 9.4 was used to simulate and analyze the evolution of disease burden under different screening intervention strategies.
Results: By 2033, screening intervention for high-risk groups with hypertension, diabetes, and age 65 years and above demonstrated a reduction in the number of patients with end-stage renal disease by 6250 individuals. Furthermore, the number of patients with end-stage renal disease was only 41.64% of the number of patients when the screening intervention was not conducted, leading to a general improvement in the quality of the population, better quality-adjusted life-years, and a reduction in the economic burden of disease for the population.
Conclusion: The results of this study highlight the importance of combining the concept of integrated prevention and treatment of chronic diseases to improve screening and intervention of CKD for people with hypertension, diabetes, and age 65 years and above, thereby effectively reducing the number of patients with end-stage disease, lowering the cost of treatment and intervention, and improving the quality of life of the population.
Influence of scale effect on flow field offset for ships in confined waters
Authors:   School of Shipping and Naval Architecture, Chongqing Jiao Tong University, Ma ZhongXin
Published: December 2023

To investigate the flow field characteristics of full-scale ships advancing through confined waters, the international standard container ship (KRISO Container Ship) was considered as a research object in this study. Using the RANS equation, the volume of fluid method and the body force method were selected to investigate the hydrodynamic characteristics of a model-scale ship (the model-scale ratio λ=31.6) and a full-scale ship advancing through confined waters at low speed. A virtual disk was used in the full-scale model to determine the influence of the propeller on the ship’s flow field. First, the feasibility of the numerical calculations was verified. This proves the feasibility of the numerical and grid division methods. The self-propulsion point of the full-scale ship at Fr=0.108 is determined. The calculation cases of model-scale and full-scale ships (with or without virtual disks) at different water depths and distances between the ship and the shore were calculated, and the changes in the hull surface pressure, the flow field around the ship, and the wake fraction near the ship propeller disk in different calculation cases were determined and compared. The variations in the surge force, sway force, and yaw moment between the model- scale and full-scale ships were generally consistent. In very shallow water (H/T=1.3), the non-dimensional force and moment coefficients for model-scale ships increase more rapidly with decreasing distance from shore, suggesting that using model-scale ships to investigate the wall effect in very shallow water will result in predictions that are biased towards safety. By comparing full-scale ships with and without propellers, it was discovered that the surge force, sway force, and yaw moment were marginally greater in the propeller-equipped ship due to the suction effect, and the accompanying flow before and after the propeller was slightly smaller, with less asymmetry.
Generalized Carter constant for quadrupolar test bodies in Kerr spacetime
Authors: Compère Geoffrey , Druart Adrien , Vines Justin
Published: December 2023

We establish the existence of a deformation of the usual Carter constant which is conserved along the motion in a fixed Kerr background of a spinning test body possessing the spin-induced quadrupole coupling of a black hole. The conservation holds perturbatively up to second order in the test body’s spin. This constant of motion is obtained through the explicit resolution of the conservation constraint equations, employing covariant algebraic and differential relations amongst covariant building blocks of the Kerr background. For generic spin-induced quadrupole couplings, which describe compact objects such as neutron stars, we obtain a no-go result on the existence of such a conserved quantity.
Ownerless island and partial entanglement entropy in island phases
Authors: Basu Debarshi , Lin Jiong , Lu Yizhou , Wen Qiang
Published: December 2023

In the context of partial entanglement entropy (PEE), we study the entanglement structure of the island phases realized in several 2-dimensional holographic set-ups. From a pure quantum information perspective, the entanglement islands emerge from the self-encoding property of the system, which gives us new insights on the construction of the PEE and the physical interpretation of two-point functions of twist operators in island phases. With the contributions from the entanglement islands properly taken into account, we give a generalized prescription to construct PEE and balanced partial entanglement entropy (BPE). Here the ownerless island region, which lies inside the island \text{Is}(AB)Is(AB) of A\cup BA∪B but outside \text{Is}(A)\cup \text{Is}(B)Is(A)∪Is(B), plays a crucial role. Remarkably, we find that under different assignments for the ownerless island, we get different BPEs, which exactly correspond to different saddles of the entanglement wedge cross-section (EWCS) in the entanglement wedge of A\cup BA∪B. The assignments can be settled by choosing the one that minimizes the BPE. Furthermore, under this assignment we study the PEE and give a geometric picture for the PEE in holography, which is consistent with the geometric picture in the no-island phases.
The dark side of the circular economy: The value uncaptured in bioeconomy business models
Authors: Gennari Francesca , Bocchi Edoardo
Published: December 2023

The bioeconomy, grounded in the shift from fossils to bio-based resources, plays an important role in the Net Zero 2050 scenario. However, even if rooted in circular thinking, bioeconomy business models are not free from environmental, social, and economic concerns. This paper deals with the causes of the unsustainability of business models in the biofuels sector, embracing an unconventional approach that focuses on the uncaptured value. The value uncaptured is the negative aspect of value, and it consists of creating too much or not enough value during the product lifecycle. Value uncaptured can threaten the sustainability of circular business models, which is why it constitutes the ‘dark side’ of circular strategies. Starting from a gap in the existing literature and supported by theoretical background, this study aims to suggest a theoretical framework to identify the causes of the negative value in the biofuel sector. The paper uses a qualitative tool, namely a case study analysis. The findings reveal that circular business models can suffer from value uncaptured, which can take the form of value absence, value destroyed, value surplus, and value missed. Identifying these forms of value can transform them into opportunities for value creation. These results enrich the research on the circular economy with a new and unconventional approach. The elaborated theoretical framework can become a qualitative tool to identify what causes companies’ circular business models to underperform.
Subpopulation composition of blood T-helpers in hepatitis C patients with genotype 1 or 3
Authors: Tsukanov V. V. , Savchenko A. A. , Cherepnin M. A. , Vasyutin A. V. , Kasparov E. V. , Belenyuk V. D. , Tonkikh Ju. L. , Borisov A. G.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Despite advances in treatment, the problem of chronic viral hepatitis C (CVHC) remains very relevant for Russia. There is a debate about which of the most common genotypes in our country: 1 or 3, has a more aggressive course of CVHC. Patients with CVHC exhibit dysfunction of T-cell immunity, many aspects of which remain unclear.

Aim. To research the subpopulation composition of blood T-helpers in patients with genotypes 1 and 3 of chronic viral hepatitis C (CVHC) depending on the severity of clinical and morphological manifestations.

Materials and methods. Clinical, laboratory examination and determination of liver fibrosis by elastometry using the METAVIR scale were performed in 297 patients with CVHC genotype 1, 231 patients with CVHC genotype 3, and 20 healthy individuals in the control group. The study of the subpopulation composition of T-helpers in the blood by flow cytometry (Navios, Beckman Coulter, USA) with the determination of markers CD3, CD4, CD45R0 and CD62L was carried out in 74 patients with CVHC genotype 1, 70 patients with CVHC genotype 3 and 20 people in the control group.

Results. Naive T-helpers (CD3+CD4+CD45RO-CD62L+), T-helpers of central (CD3+CD4+CD45R0+CD62L+) and effector memory (CD3+CD4+CD45R0+CD62L–) in the blood decreased with an increase in the severity of fibrosis and inflammation activity in the liver in both examined groups. In patients with CVHC genotype 3, the content of TEMRA T-helpers (CD3+CD4+CD45R0-CD62L-) in the blood under these conditions sharply decreased (Kruskal – Wallis test, respectively, p = 0.04 and p = 0.02). In patients with CVHC genotype 1, no such patterns were registered (Kruskal – Wallis test, respectively, p = 0.8 and p = 0.87).

Conclusion. A direct correlation was determined between the deterioration of the indicators of the blood T-helpers subpopulation composition with an increase in the severity of fibrosis and inflammation activity in the liver in patients with chronic hepatitis C, which had some differences in patients with genotypes 1 and 3.
Groundwater management in the face of climate change: enhancing groundwater storage in the alluvium aquifer of Wadi Araba, Jordan, through GIS-based managed aquifer recharge and groundwater MODFLOW
Authors: Alelaimat Ala’ , Yusoff Ismail , Nizar Mohd Khairul , Ng Tham Fatt , Majali Yahya A.
Published: December 2023

Groundwater is critical in countries such as Jordan, yet demand exceeds availability due to population expansion and arid conditions. The goal of this research is to address water scarcity and adapt to reduced rainfall by investigating the soil aquifer and evaluating the efficiency of managed aquifer recharge (MAR). The Wadi Araba Basin's alluvium aquifer is particularly important and contains a groundwater divide, with water flowing towards the Red Sea to the south and the Dead Sea to the north, as determined by rigorous modelling and scenario analysis. Precipitation infiltration is an important consideration in groundwater budget modelling. This study employs 12 monitoring wells to establish an acceptable relationship between estimated and observed water levels. Furthermore, the study creates a MAR suitability map, which evaluates eight potential MAR locations in the Wadi Araba region. According to forecasted scenarios, implementing MAR in conjunction with increased precipitation recharge has the potential to ameliorate the consequences of decreased rainfall in the model region. The plan aims to raise the water table in three areas by 1.96–3.12%, providing realistic solutions to enhance water availability and adapt to climate change.
Transformation of Civil Society in Modern Russia During a Special Military Operation
Authors: Tsybakov D. L.
Published: December 2023

Relevance. As a Special military operation is carried out in the phase of a full-scale armed conflict, an increasing number of social groups are involved in the process of direct or indirect support of the Russian army and irregular units. There is an ordinal increase in the composition of non-State structures both in the direction of their activities and on a territorial scale. Institutionalized, non-institutionalized and networked associations en masse include all new social aggregations and territorial communities. In this connection, scientific interest is being actualized regarding the study of the ongoing changes in the institutional and functional parameters of the development of the "third sector" of Russia in the conditions of a full-scale armed conflict. In this connection, analytical processing of the modification of the relationship between public and state institutions in the period of ITS.

The purpose of this study is to comprehend the transformations of Russian civil society during the Special Military Operation of 2022-2023.

Objectives: to determine the causes and prerequisites for the growth of public patriotic upsurge during a special military operation; to typologize changes in the subject composition and channels of state-civil interaction in modern Russia; to identify current trends in the transformation processes of Russian civil society during the period of its.

Methodology. To solve the goals and objectives of scientific work, the author applied comparative, structuralfunctional and historical research methods.

Results. The majority of the Russian society's support for the fight against militarization and Nazification of Ukraine was expressed in the promotion of amateur civil initiatives to provide comprehensive assistance to the Russian army, residents of the frontline regions. The reasons for public activity should be called the transition of the SVO into the phase of a full-scale struggle with the Atlantic coalition, which required replenishing the structure of the military organization of the state at the expense of volunteer irregular formations. In a historically short period of time, the functions of non-State actors were modernized, which led to the involvement of new types of public associations in the field of civil–military relations network volunteer groups and communities engaged in equipping the belligerent army and its information and advisory support.

Conclusion. Despite the inconsistency of the ongoing changes, the sphere of civil-military relations is becoming the dominant direction of civil-state dialogue in the modern Russian Federation. Only those subjects who were able to prove themselves as a link between the army and the people are able to remain effective actors of sociopolitical processes in Russia of the XXI century in the foreseeable future.
Activities of the Health Authorities of the Kursk Region to Ensure Sanitary and Epidemiological Safety of the Population (1945-1965)
Authors: Korovin V. V. , Yatsenko M. V.
Published: December 2023

Relevance. Protecting the health of citizens is one of the most important tasks of the state. The role of competent structures in solving this issue is increasing in the conditions of the spread of infectious diseases. The recent fight against the COVID-19 pandemic has proved the need to unite the efforts of authorities, scientific and medical institutions, and civil society institutions to effectively confront global challenges that threaten the health of millions of people. The effectiveness of the measures taken depends on taking into account the experience accumulated by mankind. Regional practices of anti-epidemic activities deserve attention both in practical and research terms. This problem was not specifically considered in retrospect.

Purpose. To reveal the main problems of ensuring sanitary and epidemiological safety of the population of the Kursk region in the first post-war decades and the role of regional health authorities in this process.

Objectives: to characterize the state of the sanitary and epidemiological service of the region on the basis of documentary sources, to reflect their role in preventing the spread and combating infectious diseases.

Methodology. When writing the work, the authors relied on the fundamental methods of historical science (the principles of historicism and objectivity), as well as a number of specific historical and general scientific methods (analytical, comparative-historical, historical-genetic, etc.).

Results. The presented materials show that medical institutions, as well as State and political bodies, took the overcoming of epidemiological and infectious diseases very seriously and responsibly. In the most difficult post-war conditions, it was possible not only to prevent the spread of mass epidemics, but to take the situation under control, and in the future to minimize many epidemiological diseases.

Conclusion. Thanks to the measures taken in the first half of the 1960s, the incidence of typhus and a number of other diseases practically disappeared. But it has not yet been possible to completely defeat many epidemiological diseases during the study period. The problem of combating acute intestinal infections remained very urgent, mainly due to the rather low sanitary culture of the population.
SEARCHING FOR DESIGN PARAMETERS OF CRITICAL PARTS OF FOREIGN VOLUMETRIC HYDRAULIC ACTUATORS
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, DENISOV V.A. , IONOV P.A. , PYANZOV S.V. , ZEMSKOV A.M. , SALMIN V.V. ,   Penza State University
Published: December 2023

The introduction of sanctions by the United States and a number of European Union countries against Russia has led to a reduction in the import of spare parts for the repair of hydraulic equipment. The problem of repairing foreign hydraulic units lies in the complete absence of technical (design) documentation, without which it is impossible to adapt existing domestic maintenance and repair technologies. (Research purpose) The research purpose is searching for the design parameters of important parts of foreign volumetric hydraulic drives. (Materials and methods) Used scientific and technical literature, data from foreign manufacturers of Hydrosila and Eaton chassis drive units, domestic and foreign publications and dissertation research for the period from 2019 to 2022. (Results and discussion) Implemented a comprehensive approach to the search for design parameters of critical parts of foreign-made hydraulic units, including a series of bench tests and dimensional analysis. The bench tests consisted of two stages: the first - a series of one-factor experiments, the second - a multifactorial experiment. Based on the obtained clearance values, the nominal dimensions and permissible deviations of the parts of the resource-limiting joints were calculated using dimensional analysis. The following results were obtained for Eaton hydraulic units: the diameter of the hole in the cylinder block for the piston is 22.5+0.009 millimeters; the diameter of the piston is 22.5+0.009 millimeters; the diameter of the hole in the back cover for the spool is 15.8+0.005 millimeters; the diameter of the spool is 15.8-0.005 millimeters. (Conclusions) The nominal dimensions and permissible deviations of the parts, as well as the values of technological gaps in the resource-limiting connections of Eaton hydraulic units were revealed. The results obtained are of high practical importance for repair production.
THE ROLE OF STANDARDIZATION IN EFFICIENT UTILIZATION OF COMBINE HARVESTERS
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, KAZAKOVA V.A. , GERASIMOV V.S.
Published: December 2023

Currently, in the agro-industrial complex of Russia, there is a need to update the list of regulatory documents required for certification and maintenance of agricultural machinery in operation, including the disposal of decommissioned agricultural machinery. The development of a standard for the utilization of grain and forage harvesters is an urgent task. (Research purpose) The research purpose is describing the provisions of the standard for the disposal of combine harvesters and assessing the effectiveness of its implementation. (Materials and methods) Used the methodology of developing standards at the interstate level. It was noted that the specifics of this work consists in passing a public discussion and examination of the draft standard by specialists of the engineering service and interested organizations and enterprises of the Russian Federation and the member states of the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification of the Commonwealth of Independent States. Have taken into account in the draft standard the basic provisions of the Directives of the European Union: 2000/53/EC «On vehicles decommissioned»; 2005/64/EC «On the approval of the type of vehicles with regard to reuse, recycling and regeneration of energy and amendments to Directive 70/156/EC». (Results and discussion) We have prepared a draft standard that meets the conditions of the current state of the combine harvester fleet and the engineering service of the agro-industrial complex, and sent it for discussion. (Conclusions) The introduction of a modern standard for the disposal of combines updates the list of regulatory documents required for the disposal of agricultural machinery, will contribute to the technical progress of the domestic agro-industrial complex, stable receipt of secondary resources in the form of usable and restored parts, metal (black, non-ferrous), polymers, rubber, glass. The implementation of the requirements of the standard will allow you to correctly build recycling processes, increase the efficiency of the fleet of agricultural machinery.
DEVELOPMENT OF SHAPING ADHESIVE COMPOSITION FOR THE REPAIR OF MACHINES AND EQUIPMENT
Authors:   Mytischi Branch of Bauman Moscow State Technical University, BASHKIRTSEV YU.V. , IVANYUK I.V.
Published: December 2023

Currently, there is an increasing demand for the creation of new technologies for the restoration of parts, primarily for body parts. The use of polymer materials makes it possible to reduce the cost of their restoration. (Research purpose) The research purpose is developing a shaping adhesive composition for the repair of machine parts and equipment with high technological value. (Materials and methods) Modified resin CMID-SM5, epoxy resin ED-22 and hardeners I-5M, PEPA, DTB-2 were used as polymer materials. The adhesive properties of the adhesive composition for shear at normal, low and elevated temperatures were determined according to GOST 14759-69. It has been shown that the essence of the method is to determine the magnitude of the destructive force during stretching of a standard sample glued together by efforts tending to shift one half of the sample relative to the other. Tests were carried out on the R-5 bursting machine. Studies were carried out with a gradual increase in the load until the sample was destroyed at a machine speed of 10 millimeters per minute. The nature of the destruction is estimated as a percentage of the nominal bonding area with an accuracy of no more than 5-10 percent. (Results and discussion) It was noted that the main property of the structural material is the permissible compression stress. Compression tests were carried out on cylindrical samples made of different polymer materials. Experimental studies with ED-22 epoxy resin have shown that the compositions with Etal-45T7 and DETA hardener have the highest normal compression stress. (Conclusions) Experimental studies have shown that the best polymer composition for repairing parts is based on ED-22 epoxy resin with DETA hardener. This composition can be used for the repair of machine parts and equipment.
THE USE OF SUPERSONIC ELECTRIC ARC METALLIZATION TO PRODUCE CORROSION-RESISTANT COATINGS OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY PARTS
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, DOBRIN D.A. , DENISOV V.A. , VOLKOVA O.A. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, KATKOV S.A.
Published: December 2023

During seasonal work, as practice shows, the paintwork is subject to damage, which leads to the appearance of corrosion foci on steel structures, the removal of which requires considerable labor. The applied paint coatings of agricultural machinery are short-lived, therefore, the development and implementation of new progressive methods of protecting parts of agricultural machinery from corrosion is important. (Research purpose) The research purpose is to extend the service life of agricultural machinery by creating an anticorrosive coating by supersonic electric arc metallization with subsequent application of paint and varnish coating. (Materials and methods) Abrasive blasting with corundum was performed for preliminary preparation of the surface of the parts before coating by electric arc metallization. A specialized installation for electric arc supersonic metallization «Dragon» was used for coating, zinc-aluminum wire Zn85/Al15 was used as the applied material. (Results and discussion) Selected equipment for the preparation of parts and assemblies and the application of anticorrosive coating by supersonic electric arc metallization. We have completed the layout of the site for coating. The modes of supersonic electric arc metallization were established. The modes of obtaining high-quality and durable coating of products were worked out on the basis of the Kaluga Region state enterprise «Kaluga Machine-Technological Station». (Conclusions) Anticorrosive treatment of products operating in aggressive environments is most effective when two coatings are applied sequentially: anti-corrosion layer by electric arc metallization and subsequent application of a layer of paint and varnish coating. The use of the technology of abrasive blasting and anticorrosive protection of housing and frame structures of agricultural machinery by the method of supersonic electric arc metallization allows extending the service life of these structures for 12 years.
TRANSPORT AND TECHNOLOGICAL MODULE WITH ELECTRIC WHEEL DRIVE
Authors:   Kaluga Branch of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University, KARPOV M.A. , LAVROV A.V. , SIDOROV M.V. , SIDOROVA A.V. ,   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM
Published: December 2023

Agriculture of the Russian Federation suffers huge losses due to the lack of the necessary equipment to work on soils with low load-bearing capacity. As a result, harvesting of winter crops takes more than 40 days, and crop losses amount to 42 percent. When applying fertilizers, about 40 percent of the soil surface is compacted by the wheels of agricultural machinery. Compaction of the soil leads to the appearance of large and dense blocks of earth during plowing. Tractors of traction classes 1,4-5 are used as part of the tractor fleet of peasant farms. Such a nomenclature of tractor types leads to additional costs associated with low annual loading of tractors, over-compaction of soils, tractors of high traction classes. (Research purpose) The research purpose is justifying the use of a transport and technological module with an electric wheel drive. (Materials and methods) Gave a schematic diagram of a modular power-technological means and a kinematic scheme of the wheel drive of a transport and technological module. (Results and discussion) We have developed a transport and technological module with an electric drive of the driving wheels from the generator, which in turn rotates due to the tractor power take-off shaft connected by a cardan transmission. It was determined that the electronic control unit and wheel speed sensors are responsible for the necessary kinematic correspondence between the driving wheels of the tractor and the transport and technological module. It was found that this eliminates the need for a synchronous power take-off shaft on the tractor and, as a result, makes the technological module universal. (Conclusions) It was shown that the use of a transport and technological module with an electric wheel drive serves as an effective way to solve the problem of ballasting and makes it possible to improve the technological properties of a second-generation tractor. It was stated that the use of a transport and technological module with an electric wheel drive will allow the tractor to be used to perform transport work requiring a large traction force on soils with low load-bearing capacity, such as the transportation of forests, manure in the spring and autumn thaw and others.
LUMINESCENT PROPERTIES OF TRANSFORMER OIL DURING ITS PURIFICATION
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, BELYAKOV M.V. , SAMARIN G.N. ,   State Agrarian University of the Northern Trans-Urals, PYATCHENKOV D.S. ,   Moscow State University of Geodesy and Cartography
Published: December 2023

The adsorption method makes it possible to regenerate transformer oil with great efficiency, while constant monitoring of its parameters is necessary. The method of optical spectral luminescent diagnostics is promising. (Research purpose) The research purpose is studying the spectral luminescent characteristics of various transformer oil during its purification. (Materials and methods) A study of the spectral luminescent characteristics of transformer oil was carried out on a multifunctional spectrofluorimeter device «Fluorat-02-Panorama» with the Rapogama Rgo software installed on a laptop and an external dark camera for the study of oil samples. The spectral characteristics of excitation and luminescence of spent and regenerated GC transformer oil were measured using a diffraction spectrofluorimeter. Integral energy and static parameters of the spectra were calculated. (Results and discussion) It was determined that during oil regeneration, the maxima of the excitation spectrum at wavelengths of 355, 396 and 443 nanometers significantly increase. It has been shown that the greatest absorption capacity is observed in the area of 370-428 nanometers. It was found that for λb = 396 nanometers, the luminescence of the purified oil is greater than for λb = 355 nanometers. It was found that the statistical parameters of crude oil differ markedly from the parameters of regenerated oils (this trend is observed for both excitation and photoluminescence spectra), the statistical parameters of regenerated oil differ slightly among themselves. It was noted that all the spectra have a right-sided asymmetry. (Conclusions) Indicated that photoluminescence of transformer oil during purification at an excitation wavelength of 396 nanometers is the most suitable for diagnostics. It was stated that the results obtained can be used in the development of an optoelectronic quality control system for transformer oil purification.
CLASSIFICATION OF THE TYPES OF THE COW’S UDDER TEATS USING A CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, PAVKIN D.YU. , KHAKIMOV A.R. , RUZIN S.S. , DOVLATOV I.M. , POLIKANOVA A.A.
Published: December 2023

The development of machine milking technologies requires the creation of methods for evaluating the parameters of udders and teats of dairy animals to assess their suitability for machine milking. Convolutional neural networks are used in the work as a tool for finding and establishing objects, including determining the boundaries of the nipples, and can be adapted to identify the type of structure of the udder nipples of animals. (Research purpose) The research purpose is developing a convolutional neural network that allows automatic assessment of animals by the type of structure of the teats. (Materials and methods) It was shown that the neural network used is based on the convolutional neural network VGG-16 - this is the architecture of a convolutional neural network for recognizing objects in static and dynamic scenes. The classification developed in FNAC VIM with the definition of six types of nipples was used to establish the type of nipples, the distribution of types is uneven. The training sample was adjusted to quickly select animals suitable for machine milking, while all three types of udder nipples considered in the study are suitable for it. (Results and discussion) We collected a data array of 110 images of udder nipples of animals of three selected types. A test sample of 40 images was used for image recognition, the average accuracy was 87.5 percent. It was found that the accuracy was 92 percent when recognizing images containing the first type of structure of the udder nipples, 78 percent for the second type of structure of the udder nipples and 83 percent for the sixth type of structure of the udder nipples. (Conclusions) It was revealed that the obtained results of the study can be used for the selection of nipple rubber and the adjustment of collectors in the milking parlor. It was stated that the correct selection of nipple rubber will exclude the occurrence of mastitis diseases from physical damage to the udder, will minimize the premature fall of the milking cups, which will not disrupt the milking process.
Improving the performance of twin-field quantum key distribution with advantage distillation technology
Authors: Li Hong-Wei , Wang Rui-Qiang , Zhang Chun-Mei , Cai Qing-Yu
Published: December 2023

In this work, we apply the advantage distillation method to improve the performance of a practical twin-field quantum key distribution system under collective attack. Compared with the previous analysis result given by Maeda, Sasaki and Koashi [Nature Communication 10, 3140 (2019)], the maximal transmission distance obtained by our analysis method will be increased from 420 km to 470 km. By increasing the loss-independent misalignment error to 12%, the previous analysis method can not overcome the rate-distance bound. However, our analysis method can still overcome the rate-distance bound when the misalignment error is 16%. More surprisingly, we prove that twin-field quantum key distribution can generate positive secure key even if the misalignment error is close to 50%, thus our analysis method can significantly improve the performance of a practical twin-field quantum key distribution system.
The Literary and Writer’s Theory of François Mauriac
Authors:   Institute of Foreign Literature, Kim Mose
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study is to summarize the literary world of François Mauriac, through his writer’s theory. Mauriac’s literary theory, who was an advocate of traditional novels, especially Christian literature, is widely known to be in an opposing position to so-called existentialist literature and postmodern literature. However, combining Mauriac’s works and the ideas he mentioned in many places, it can be seen that his literature rather shows the possibility of literature after the postmodern era. In Mauriac’s literature, the author is in a variety of positions indeed. Sometimes the author claims to be the absolute owner and subject of the work. It takes the place of a creator in the ‘ontologico-théologique’ dimension that Roland Barthes spoke of. However, in some cases, the author retreats to the position of a minor actor standing at the end of the stage of literature. Sometimes the author grasps all of the characters’ intentions from an omniscient perspective and leads the fate of the characters, but sometimes gives up his intentions and direction in the face of the resistance of free-spirited characters. Sometimes the author seems to have absolute authority in determining the meaning of the work, but at every moment, he feels that the work and characters are separated from him and that the author himself has no choice but to disappear. Through this, in Mauriac’s literary theory, the concept of an ‘author’ with absolute authority as a creator, a free character who constantly resists the will of the ‘author’, and furthermore, a place for a reader who functions as a final stage in interpreting and determining the meaning of the work are all provided.
Ethnocultural analogies in the traditional culture of the Kyrgyz and South Altai people: retrospective analysis of the materials of the russian-kyrgyz ethnological expedition 2022
Authors:   B. Dzhamgerchinov Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnology of the Kyrgyz Republic National Academy of Sciences, Asankanov Abylabek A.
Published: December 2023

The article opens a section devoted to the problem of ethnocultural ties of the Turkic peoples. Its author describes four phenomena of the traditional culture of the southern Altai people, which were discovered during an ethnological expedition to the Altai Republic. All of them in one form or another are characteristic of the traditional culture of the Kyrgyz. The paper discusses the game chatyrash, which was revived by the Altaians, lost by the Kyrgyz, but it was mentioned in the Kyrgyz epic “Manas”. The second evidence is the ritual of serving ucha – rump, which is the culmination of serving a meal among the Altai peoples and the Kyrgyz, the most honourable dish. However, Kyrgyz people serve it to a wider circle of relatives. The third one is similar traditional methods of butchering a sheep carcass, names of its bones, the order of serving parts of the animal during a meal, and preference of horsemeat. Finally, the Altai word tagyl, recorded during the expedition, allowed the author to put forward a hypothesis about its similarity with the Kyrgyz San-Tash as a phenomena associated with stones. The author comes to the conclusion about the close ethnogenetic and ethnocultural connection between the southern Altaians and the Kyrgyz, which emerged in the Middle Ages.
Tribal relations of the Kyrgyz and Altai peoples according to ethnological data
Authors:   B. Dzhamgerchinov Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnology of the Kyrgyz Republic National Academy of Sciences, Zholdoshov Ryskul Zh. ,   Kyrgyz National University named after Jusup Balasagyn
Published: December 2023

The article analyzes the tribal structure of the Kyrgyz and Altai peoples. Based on the works of well-known researchers in the field of ethnology, the author focuses on the ethnogenetic ties between the Kyrgyz and the Altaians, primarily with the southern Altaians. The paper reveals the author's view on the problem of ethnic ties of these communities, which has been studied with involvement of field materials. The author gives an interpretation of certain tribal and clan names among the Kyrgyz and Altaians and shows their similarity which reflects the ancient ethnogenetic ties. The reasons for the identical names were the migration of the Kyrgyz to the west in the Middle Ages, their settlement in the territories of the Mongolian Altai mountains and the source of the Irtysh River valley. The collected data show that medieval nomadic tribes living in the Altai Region and the Irtysh Region participated in the formation of two ethnic groups. The conclusions obtained as a result of the study complement the picture of the Kyrgyz-Altai relations.
Сollectors of Gagauz collections of the Russian Museum of Ethnography
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design, Kalashnikova Natalya M. ,   Russian Museum of Ethnography
Published: December 2023

The article analyzes the collecting activities of the Russian Ethnographic Museum employees and amateur local historians of Bessarabia, who have been gathering collections on the Gagauz people ethnography for a century. This fund contains over three hundred material monuments, archival, illustrative and photographic materials on the Gagauz migrants who lived in the territory of Novorossiya (and subsequently in the south of Moldova and in the Odessa Region of Ukraine). Of particular interest is the fact that collecting the materials which characterise the material and spiritual culture of the Gagauz people took place over a long period of time in the same villages. This allows us to trace the dynamics of the development of everyday culture of the Gagauz ethnic group.
The Kutadgu Bilig: some characteristics and its relation to the idea of rule
Authors:   University of Vienna, Lohlker Rüdiger
Published: December 2023

Mirrors of princes are a specific genre of Islamic literature dedicated to giving advice to rulers, princes, and ministers. There are few mirrors that are composed in verse. The Kutadgu Bilig is modeled on the Persian Shāhnāme of the poet Firdawsi making the Central Asian heritage of wisdom literature at home in Islamic contexts. The text is written in Qarakhanid Turkish; the form is a didactic poem set as a dialogue between the protagonists. In a Weberian sense the program of advice may be analyzed as rational leadership due to the increasing role of shari’a-based rulership. However, there are other elements of legitimacy in this text blurring the clear distictions made by Weber. Hence, we may identify it as a unique, non-European case of legitimation of rulership. The Kutadgu Bilig are to be read as an attempt to secure the continuation of the Central Asian tradition in a context dominated by Iranian influences into Central Asia. The protagoists of this work are the king, the vizier, the wise man, and the ascet. All these actors are representing virtues needed for successful rulership. At the same time the roles of all the persons associated with the court are discussed even very personal ones like choosing a wife and raising children.
Genetic effects of Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b dwarfing alleles on plant height and agronomic traits of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) breeding lines
Authors: Fellahi Zine El Abidine , Hannachi Abderrahmane , Dreisigacker Susanne , Sehgal Deepmala , Yahyaoui Amor , Bouzerzour Hamenna
Published: December 2023

Plant height is an important agronomic trait related to plant architecture
and grain yield in wheat. We investigated the effects of the gibberellic
acid (GA)-insensitive Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b semi-dwarfing alleles in a set of
599 F4:5 spring wheat breeding lines grown in rainfed and supplemental
irrigation conditions at Setif semi-arid high plateaus region (Algeria).
Genotyping of diagnostic markers was performed using Kompetitive Allele
Specific PCR assays. The Rht-B1b mutant allele was present in 66% of the
evaluated lines, while the Rht-D1b allele was found only in 8% of the lines.
Relative to wild-type, Rht-B1b or Rht-D1b alone reduced plant height by 16.0
and 16.3% in rainfed, and by 20.7 and 21.8% in irrigated environments,
respectively. The two dwarfing alleles when combined decreased height by
39.3 and 56.6% in rainfed and irrigated conditions, respectively. The
semi-dwarf breeding lines generally outperformed the tall genotypes for
yield and yield components including the number of grains per spike and
harvest index irrespective of environment. Variation in heading date under
the influence of dwarfing alleles has not been found. In addition,
above-ground biomass was reduced in most of the short statured lines,
compared to their tall counter parts across environments. We also
demonstrate clear yield and yield components penalty for Rht-B1b + Rht-D1b
double dwarf backgrounds.
Diabetic Kidney Disease Prevention Care Model Development
Authors: ElSayed Nuha A. , Bannuru Raveendhara R. , Bakris George , Bardsley Joan , de Boer Ian H. , Gabbay Robert A. , Gockerman Janet , McCoy Rozalina G. , McCracken Elaine , Neumiller Joshua J. , Pilla Scott J. , Rhee Connie M.
Published: December 2023

More than one-third of people with diabetes develop diabetic kidney disease (DKD), which substantially increases risks of kidney failure, cardiovascular disease (CVD), hypoglycemia, death, and other adverse health outcomes. A multifaceted approach incorporating self-management education, lifestyle optimization, pharmacological intervention, CVD prevention, and psychosocial support is crucial to mitigate the onset and progression of DKD. The American Diabetes Association convened an expert panel to develop the DKD Prevention Model presented herein. This model addresses prevention and treatment, including screening guidelines, diagnostic tools, and management approaches; comprehensive, holistic interventions; well-defined roles for interdisciplinary health care professionals; community engagement; and future directions for research and policy.
ANALISIS KUALITAS E-LEARNING BERDASARKAN ISO/EIC 25010 (STUDI KASUS : LUMEN UNIVERSITAS KATOLIK MUSI CHARITAS)
Authors:   Program Studi Sstem Informasi, Universitas Katolik Musi Charitas, Rosalina Kadek , Andayani Sri ,   Program Studi Sstem Informasi, Universitas Katolik Musi Charitas
Published: December 2023

Pandemi Covid-19 berpengaruh pada berbagai sektor, salah satunya adalah sektor pendidikan. Oleh karena itu pemerintah menganjurkan untuk melakukan sistem pembelajaran jarak jauh (daring). Universitas Katolik Musi Charitas merupakan salah satu universitas yang menggunakan pembelajaran dengan e-learning bernama LUMEN semenjak wabah pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia. LUMEN sebagai media perkuliahan jarak jauh yang membantu mahasiswa dan dosen dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar secara online. Namun dikarenakan LUMEN masih terbilang baru, terdapat 94,4% pengguna LUMEN mengalami kendala ketika menggunakannya. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa secara umum LUMEN masih belum bisa dikatakan memiliki kualitas yang baik. Maka diperlukan upaya pengukuran kualitas terhadap LUMEN agar dapat dijadikan saran serta rekomendasi untuk evaluasi pengembangan yang lebih baik. Untuk mengetahui kualitas LUMEN, peneliti melakukan analisis terhadap LUMEN dengan menggunakan standar ISO/IEC 25010 yang berfokus pada software product. Selanjutnya penelitian dilakukan dengan metode kuantitatif yaitu menyebarkan kuesioner pada 96 mahasiswa aktif tahun akademik 2022/2023 Universitas Katolik Musi Charitas serta menggunakan analisis data statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menyatakan persentase rata-rata sebesar 79,26%. Persentase tertinggi terdapat pada indikator portability yaitu 84,58% dan persentase reliability terendah yaitu 74,30%. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan bahwa kulitas dari LUMEN sudah termasuk dalam kriteria “baik”.
Application of Neck Brace as an Alternative Method of Immobilization after Circular Tracheal Resection. Case Series
Authors: Pechetov A. A. , Vishnevskaya G. A. , Volchanski D. A.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Cicatricial tracheal stenosis comprises a severe complication of traumatic or prolonged intubation of the trachea. Circular resection of the trachea serves as a radical method of surgical treatment. The distension of the anastamosis can be prevented by immobilization of the neck and head in the thoracic adduction, as a rule, with the Grillo suture technique. This method of fixation creates severe discomfort for the patient, especially when eating. Rare cases involve neurological disorders due to compression of the neurovascular bundles of the neck and spinal cord. Materials and methods. The study enrolled 6 patients diagnosed with cicatricial tracheal stenosis upon admission to the thoracic surgery unit. All patients underwent a circular tracheal resection. Immobilization of the cervical spine was performed using a cervical collar (Schantz collar type). Results. Immobilization was performed within 7–13 days, followed by a control tracheobronchoscopy. No complications related to anastomotic failure and no specific complications when using these orthoses were revealed. Discussion. The postoperative period was reported as uneventful; anastomotic healing proceeded in accordance with the physiological timing indicated by the framework of other studies. The applied orthosis provides immobilization of the cervical spine, preventing from any movement in this area, which is actually similar to the use of the Mulliken-Grillo suture, but has a number of advantages: absence of cosmetic defects, possibility of quick fixation and removal. Significantly, this provides an opportunity to assess the risk of neurochemical damage in patients during preliminary fixation of the head in the hyperflexic position at the preoperative stage. Conclusion. Having such advantages as the absence of cosmetic defects and the possibility of quick removal, this method of neck fixation can be considered as an alternative to the classical fixation method.