Dasar Pertahanan Negara Malaysia: Adakah ianya Kukuh?
Authors: Keling Mohamad Faisol , Mohamed Ahmad Shah Pakeer , Suhib Md Shukri 
Published: July 2016

<p><strong><em>ABSTRAK</em></strong><strong><em>SI</em></strong><strong><em>:</em></strong><strong><em> </em></strong><em>Semenjak tahun 1957 hingga 2010, Malaysia telah membangunkan dasar dan angkatan pertahanan. Sejajar dengan kepentingan bagi sesebuah negara </em><em>dalam </em><em>menjaga dan melindungi keselamatan, Malaysia telah membangunkan DPN </em><em>(</em><em>Dasar Pertahana</em><em>n</em><em> Negara) dan memodenkan angkatan pertahanan semenjak tahun 1990. Kerajaan Malaysia juga turut menwar-warkan mengenai kemampuan dan keupayaan ATM </em><em>(</em><em>Angkatan Tentera Malaysia) untuk menjaga kedaulatan dan keselamatan negara. Walau bagaimanapun</em><em>,</em><em> DPN </em><em>mengenai </em><em>pertahanan yang dibentuk </em><em>telah </em><em>menimbulkan persoalan</em><em>,</em><em> </em><em>iaitu </em><em>sejauh mana kemampuan DPN </em><em>dapat </em><em>diamalkan. Ini kerana terdapat pelbagai masalah dan isu yang membabitkan pertahanan dan keselamatan</em><em>,</em><em> seperti serangan pengganas, keyakinan rakyat terhadap kemampuan ATM</em><em>,</em><em> dan sebagainya. Justeru, </em><em>kertas</em><em> ini menganalis</em><em>is</em><em> adakah DPN yang diamalkan oleh </em><em>negara </em><em>Malaysia </em><em>itu </em><em>kukuh</em><em> atau tidak</em><em>. </em><em>Akhir sekali, s</em><em>ebuah negara yang hidup dalam sistem antarabangsa yang bersifat anarki</em><em>,</em><em> </em><em>ianya </em><em>perlu menjadikan aspek pertahanan dan keselamatan sebagai self-reliance</em><em>,</em><em> kerana pergantungan kepada aktor bukan negara bukan satu jaminan. </em><em>Dapatan penyelidikan juga mencadangkan bahawa </em><em>DPN yang diamalkan oleh Malaysia perlu mengambilkira konsep pertahanan yang lebih komprehensif</em><em>,</em><em> kerana konsep ancaman sentiasa berkembang yang bukan hanya membabitkan aspek ancaman tradisional sahaja</em><em>,</em><em> sebaliknya membabit</em><em>kan</em><em> aspek bukan tradisional. Dengan kelemahan dan permasalahan ini</em><em>,</em><em> ia</em><em>nya</em><em> menunjukan</em><em> bahawa</em><em> DPN </em><em>di Malaysia </em><em>adalah </em><em>masih </em><em>lemah.</em><em></em></p><p><strong><em>KATA KUNCI</em></strong><em>: Dasar </em><em>p</em><em>ertahanan </em><em>n</em><em>egara, </em><em>k</em><em>eselamatan </em><em>n</em><em>egara, </em><em>a</em><em>ngkatan </em><em>t</em><em>entera Malaysia</em><em>,</em><em> memodenkan </em><em>tentera,</em><em> </em><em>dan </em><em>keyakinan rakyat</em><em>.</em><em> </em></p><p><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong><em>: “</em><em>Malaysia National Defence Policy: Is </em><em>i</em><em>t </em><em>Firm</em><em>?</em><em>”. From</em><em> 1957 to 2010, Malaysia developed policy and defense forces. In line with the importance for a country to maintain and protect the security, Malaysia has developed a</em><em>n</em><em> NDP </em><em>(</em><em>National Defence Policy) and modernize</em><em>d</em><em> the defense forces since 1990. The Malaysian government has also talked about the ability and capability of the ATM </em><em>(</em><em>Mal</em><em>a</em><em>ysian Armed Forces) to protect the sovereignty and security </em><em>of the </em><em>countr</em><em>y</em><em>. However</em><em>,</em><em> the form</em><em>ation </em><em>of NDP has raised questions about </em><em>its </em><em>ability. This is because there are many problems and issues affecting defense and security</em><em>,</em><em> such as terrorist attacks, public confidence in the ability of ATM</em><em>,</em><em> and so on. Thus, this paper analyzes whether the NDP practiced by Malaysia is firm or not.</em><em> Finally, as country that lives in the anarchical international system, it is necessary to make defense and security aspects as self-reliance, for reliance on non-state actors is not a guarantee. The findings of the research also recommended that the NDP practiced by Malaysia should take a more comprehensive concept of defense, because the concept of threats is constantly evolving which does not only threatens the traditional aspects, but also the non-traditional ones. With these weaknesses and problems, it is concluded that the NDP in Malaysia is still weak.</em><em></em></p><p><strong><em>KEY</em></strong><strong><em> </em></strong><strong><em>WORD</em></strong><em>: National </em><em>d</em><em>efence </em><em>p</em><em>olicy, </em><em>n</em><em>ational </em><em>s</em><em>ecurity, Malaysian </em><em>a</em><em>rmed </em><em>f</em><em>orces</em><em>,</em><em> modernize</em><em>d</em><em> the forces</em><em>,</em><em> </em><em>and </em><em>public confidence</em><em>.</em></p><p><img src="/public/site/images/wirta/09.a_.faisol_.my_.ok_.jpg" alt="" />  <img src="/public/site/images/wirta/09.b_.pakeer_.my_.ok_.jpg" alt="" />  <img src="/public/site/images/wirta/09.c_.suhib_.my_.ok_.jpg" alt="" /></p><p><strong><em>About the Authors:</em></strong> <strong>Dr. Mohamad Faisol Keling</strong><strong> </strong>dan <strong>Md Shukri Suhib</strong><strong> </strong>ialah Pensyarah Kanan di College of Law, Government &amp; International Studies UUM (Universiti Utara Malaysia), Sintok, Kedah Darul Aman, Malaysia. <strong>Ahmad Shah Pakeer Mohamed</strong> ialah Pensyarah di Faculty of Administrative Science and Policy Studies UiTM (Universiti Teknologi MARA [Majelis Amanah Rakyat]), Campus Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. Alamat emel penulis: <a href="mailto:m.faisol@uum.edu.my">m.faisol@uum.edu.my</a> dan <a href="mailto:ahmadshah6767@gmail.com">ahmadshah6767@gmail.com</a></p><p><strong><em>How to cite this article?</em></strong> Keling, Mohamad Faisol, Ahmad Shah Pakeer Mohamed &amp; Md Shukri Suhib. (2016). “Dasar Pertahanan Negara Malaysia: Adakah ianya Kukuh?” in <em>MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN: Jurnal Indonesia untuk Kajian Pendidikan</em>, Vol.1(1) Maret, pp.101-122. Bandung, Indonesia: UPI Press. <strong></strong></p><p><em><strong><em>Chronicle of the article:</em></strong> </em>Accepted (February 9, 2015); Revised (February 19, 2016); and Published (March 11, 2016).<em><br /></em></p>