bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Political Effects on FDI in the CEE Region: Two Cases of Connectivity and Decoupling from the West
Authors: Rudy Kiryl
Published: November 2023

The article studies two cases of political impacts on FDI in the Central and Eastern European (CEE) region. The first case covered 15 CEE countries focusing on FDI sensitivity to democracy and elections during their connectivity with the West from 1991–2019. The panel data multi-factor linear regression method gives some arguable results that show that the fall of democracy increases FDI in CEE economies. It is explained by the FDI’s priority of economic scale and growth over the level and direction of democratic development. At the same time, Western connectivity provides an environment for economic growth in the CEE economies. The second case describes the political effects of decoupling from the West on the China–Belarus Industrial Park (CBIP) in 2020–2022. Based on the event study methodology and field survey of 21 residents of the CBIP, the findings show the negative effects of decoupling on the volume of Chinese capital, the number of registered residents, their profit, payback period, and reliance on government support. Both the cases also demonstrate the drop in FDI during election years.

JEL Classification

F21, P16, O52
Inclusive, inviting, inspiring: Insights into the experiences of women's football fans in Australia and Germany
Authors: Schallhorn Christiana , Symons Kasey , Kunert Jessica , Rose Lina-Doreen
Published: November 2023

Despite growing interest in women's football, limited research exists on its fans and their fan experience. Thus, findings from women's football culture against the background of hegemonic masculinity are presented, demonstrating how the space counteracts this concept. An online survey for fans located in Australia and Germany was developed to explore perceived differences in the culture of women's football. Participation in online (social media, broadcast) and offline (in stadium, in-person events) communities was examined. Further findings identified relevant themes for women's football fans: (1) the authentic character of women's football; (2) the strong bond between teams, players and fans; (3) the stadium as a safe space; (4) the friendly atmosphere in the stadium; and (5) less commercialisation, mediatisation and professionalisation. Implications for women's football, its fans and fan culture are discussed.
Bond strength of metal-free polyether-ether-ketone knee prostheses compared to metal knee prostheses with bone cement: A preliminary in vitro study
Authors: Wu Dengxian , Wang Qianjin , Tsai Hung-Kang , Zhou Sheng , Zheng Donggui , Jiang Qing , Xu Zhihong
Published: November 2023

Background

Total knee arthroplasty is the most effective treatment for advanced-stage knee arthritis, and the majority of knee prostheses are made of metal. Nevertheless, metal prostheses still have several problems. The objective of this study is to introduce new metal-free knee prostheses made of polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) and to compare their cement bond strength with metal prostheses.

Methods

Twelve sets of knee prostheses were divided into four groups (unloaded PEEK, unloaded Metal, 10 million cycles (MC) PEEK, 10 MC Metal, N = 3 each), and then attached to composite bones using bone cement. Both the 10 MC PEEK and 10 MC Metal groups were subjected to dynamic gait simulations of 10 MC, whereas the other two sets were not. Afterwards, a pull-off strength test was performed on the femoral prostheses and a shear strength test was performed on the tibial prostheses.

Results

No apparent cracks were observed in the bone cement after subjecting the PEEK and Metal groups to 10 million cycles of dynamic simulation. No statistically significant differences were observed ( p > .05) in the strength tests for unloaded PEEK vs. unloaded Metal, 10 MC PEEK vs.10 MC Metal in the femoral pull-off test, and for unloaded PEEK vs. unloaded Metal in the tibial shear test. The shear strength of 10 MC PEEK was significantly lower ( p < .05) compared to that of 10 MC Metal.

Conclusions

By comparing the force analysis of previous investigations on knee prostheses with the failure pattern observed in the PEEK knee prosthesis of this study, which replicates that of the metal prosthesis. We believe that the combination of the peek knee prosthesis with bone cement is reliable. We anticipate that metal-free PEEK knee prostheses will find application in Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) in the future, thereby benefiting patients.
Automating away the centre? Optimal planning and the menace of bureaucratisation
Authors: Grünberg Max
Published: November 2023

Within the wider discourse on economic planning, this paper critically interrogates practical challenges in applying optimisation algorithms to achieve allocative efficiency on the scale of national economies. In questioning whether contemporary information technology solves the shortcomings of Soviet command planning, the paper provides a historical introduction to optimal planning and engages with four fundamental problems optimal planners would face, namely: the concern of computational complexity, the challenge of generating the economic data necessary for the constitution of such a system, the issue of reconciling a static optimum with the dynamism of real economies, and ultimately the relation of optimisation solvers to a hierarchy of ends. Besides epistemic concerns, the greatest risk of such a planning framework is constituted by the possibility of a slow descent into an authoritative system that would mirror the Soviet experience because of its reliance on bureaucratic institutions to make this machine work.
Updating singular value decomposition for modal analysis of slow-varying non-stationary vibration structures
Authors: Bui Thi-Thuyet , Vu Viet-Hung , Liu Zhaoheng , Thomas Marc
Published: November 2023

This paper proposes a novel method for the modal analysis of slow-varying vibration structures based on vector autoregressive models. The basic idea of this method consists of using a short-time sliding window (STSW) to identify modal parameters for non-stationary vibrations. This method uses the recursive least-squares estimation for multivariable systems with the singular value decomposition (SVD) method to find the solutions within a segment of the data from each time window. Model identification is conducted by updating the SVD of the data matrix using the order and time from the previous computational window to monitor the modal parameters of a slow-varying system. Finally, this work was validated first by numerically simulating a system's gradual changes submitted to an exciting force and further by an experiment on a hydraulic turbine blade.
Experimental validation of optimal TMD for wind turbines using real-time hybrid simulation
Authors: Yadukrishnan AS , Subbulakshmi A , Verma Mohit
Published: November 2023

A wind turbine is susceptible to harsh environmental conditions during its design life, which induces excessive vibrational loads on the turbine. These vibrations also affect the quality of the power generation. To address these issues, vibrational response control devices are generally employed. Passive tuned mass dampers (TMD) are commonly utilized for structural control due to their simplicity, inherent stability, and low maintenance. Their operation is independent of any external stimuli. A TMD is only effective if its parameters are tuned appropriately. In this paper, an optimal methodology for designing Tuned Mass Dampers (TMDs) for onshore wind turbines is presented. The design of TMDs is formulated as a control optimization problem, and the methodology can effectively account for model uncertainties. The design methodology is experimentally validated using real-time hybrid simulation (RTHS), where the tower-nacelle assembly is tested physically. The effect of the TMD and the external forces is simulated using a computer model and applied to the physical test specimen using an electromagnetic shaker. The performance of the TMD is assessed for two different external loading scenarios: aerodynamic (wind) loading and earthquake. The experimental results obtained from RTHS demonstrate the effectiveness of the optimal TMD. Also, the RTHS framework presented in this paper provides an economical means for validating optimal TMD for wind turbines.
Job Satisfaction in the COVID-19 Era: A Survey of Copy Editors Across Fields
Authors: Appelman Alyssa , Hettinga Kirstie E.
Published: November 2023

This survey examines job satisfaction of U.S. copy editors, proofreaders, and fact-checkers ( N = 472). Participants across media fields (e.g., newspapers, magazines, and books) reported high job satisfaction, high perceptions of work quality, low role overload, and low burnout. They reported high satisfaction with their schedules, but they were more neutral regarding their salaries and prospects for advancement. Several said they felt undervalued by their employers and clients, and some thought this work was misunderstood by the general public. Freelance editors, book editors, editors who worked fewer hours, and long-time editors reported higher job satisfaction than the other participants.
Department of the Air Force Family Advocacy Program: Exploring the Impact of an Antiviolence Intervention Program for Women
Authors: Larance Lisa Young , Miller Susan L. , Collins Pamela , Liu Lin
Published: November 2023

This mixed-methods study explores the impact of the Vista curriculum, a trauma-informed antiviolence intervention program for women who have used force in their intimate relationships, delivered by the Department of the Air Force Family Advocacy Program clinicians. Questions sought to understand any changes in personal growth, self-awareness, beliefs, and relationship interaction skills for 62 cisgender women. Findings suggest that women gained personal growth, self-awareness, and increased relationship tools. Women identified the positive impact cofacilitator support and non-judgment had on them and their ability to heal from their experiences and increase their awareness of viable non-forceful alternatives. Policy and practice implications are discussed.
National survey of safe handling of hazardous drugs in hospital settings: Use of an innovative approach
Authors: Pinet Emma , Langlais Annie , Chouinard Audrey , Bussières Jean-François , Tanguay Cynthia
Published: November 2023

Introduction

Workers can reduce their risk of exposure to hazardous drugs by following safe handling guidelines. Healthcare centers need to dedicate time and resources in order to implement new safety recommendations. The objective was to present the results of a national survey about the safe handling of hazardous drugs in healthcare centers.

Methods

Quebec healthcare centers performed an auto-evaluation to the newly updated safe handling guidelines in 2021. Centers rated each criterion as compliant or non-compliant. The guidelines tailored recommendations according to three categories of hazards: G1, consisting mostly of carcinogenic drugs; G2, other hazardous drugs; and G3, those with reproductive toxicity. The questionnaire prompted participants to document their planned corrective measures for non-compliant criteria.

Results

Most centers participated (28/29, 97%). The overall compliance was 58% (8761/15,216 criteria). The conformity per theme was hygiene and sanitation (1290/1,878, 69%), laundry (221/367, 60%), pharmacy (2658/4,474, 59%), nursing (3436/6,017, 57%), spills and accidental exposure (353/649, 54%), and general measures (803/1,831, 44%). It was higher for recommendations regarding G1s (4226/6,115, 69%) than for G2s (1626/3557, 46%) and G3s (372/916, 41%).

Conclusions

This project successfully used an innovative approach that combined a national auto-evaluation survey, an actionable report, and the involvement of a community of practice. Centers were able to benchmark their implementation of safe handling guidelines, and community of practices may help in sharing the best practices. The design of the questionnaire helped in targeting corrective measures. More work is needed for safe handling practices that relate to G2 and G3 drugs.
Effect of preoperative arterial diameter on hospitalization and mortality in patients undergoing hemodialysis with forearm arteriovenous fistula access
Authors: Gan Wenyuan , Zhu Fan , Mao Huihui , Xiao Wei , Chen Wenli , Zeng Xingruo
Published: November 2023

Background:

As pointed out by the recent Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative Clinical Practice Guideline for Vascular Access, the current quality of evidence supporting preoperative vascular anatomy and patient outcomes is suboptimal and insufficient to make recommendations. This study assessed arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) created with different preoperative arterial diameters on hospitalization and mortality rates in patients undergoing hemodialysis at the authors’ center.

Methods:

Data from 261 patients who underwent HD between 2017 and 2019 were retrospectively examined. Differences in mortality and hospitalization rates between patients with different preoperative arterial diameters were compared, and risk factors for mortality and hospitalization were analyzed.

Results:

Smaller preoperative artery diameter (<2 mm) was associated with all-cause mortality (risk ratio [RR] 1.61 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.45–1.90]; p < 0.01), and access-related (RR 1.68 [95% CI 1.24–2.44]; p < 0.01), and congestive heart failure (CHF)-related (RR 0.67 [95% CI 0.38–1.01]; p = 0.04) hospitalization. Longer catheter-dependent duration (⩾60 days) was associated with access-related hospitalization (RR 1.48 [95% CI 1.07–2.11]; p = 0.03), and higher postoperative brachial artery blood flow (⩾1500 mL/min) was associated with CHF-related hospitalization (RR 1.58 [95% CI 1.02–2.29]; p < 0.01). Higher postoperative brachial artery blood flow (⩾1500 mL/min) was associated with all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 1.20 [95% CI 1.09–2.32]; p = 0.04), whereas preoperative artery diameter (HR 0.98 [95% CI 0.93–1.86]; p = 0.08) and catheter-dependent duration (HR 1.06 [95% CI 0.47–2.13]; p = 0.82) were not associated with all-cause mortality.

Conclusion:

In this cohort, smaller preoperative artery diameter was associated with all-cause and access-related hospitalizations, while a larger preoperative artery and higher postoperative brachial blood flow were associated with CHF-related hospitalization. However, only higher postoperative brachial blood flow was associated with all-cause mortality.
Prospective evaluation of efficacy and safety of distal radial and radial artery access using a novel articulating-tip guidewire
Authors: Tal Michael G , Covey Anne , Qaqish Shaker , Livne Ron , Klass Darren
Published: November 2023

Background:

Guidewire-facilitated access to peripheral vessels is commonplace in vascular access, but guidewire insertion into small vessels, such as the radial and distal radial arteries, can still be challenging. Failure to gain access on the first attempt may contribute to increased risks of procedural complications, such as vessel dissection, spasm, and occlusion. This research assessed the safety and efficacy of radial and distal radial artery access using a novel, FDA-cleared, small-core-diameter guidewire with an articulating tip, under ultrasound guidance.

Methods:

This was a prospective, single-arm, single-center trial. Patients in need of vascular access were screened for participation and enrolled in the study. Guidewire insertion was attempted by four physicians (three interventional radiologists and an interventional nephrologist) at 162 arterial sites—65 radial and 97 distal radial, having a mean diameter of 2.0 mm.

Results:

First-attempt successful placement of the guidewire in the artery occurred at 87.6% of access sites (142/162) and differences in the success rate between the radial and distal radial arteries or between vessels with diameter smaller or larger than 2 mm were not observed (62/68 and 67/77, respectively; p = 0.6). Four of the five reported adverse events were unrelated to the study device or procedure. Two of the three distal radial artery spasms occurred before the guidewire was used. The other two events were a radial artery spasm, and a distal radial artery site hematoma. All adverse events resolved spontaneously.

Conclusions:

First-attempt placement of a novel articulating tip guidewire in the radial and distal radial arteries occurred at a high rate in our study and was not associated with safety concerns.
‘Do I pray when listening to a recorded prayer?’: Approval and critique of digital practices in the Russian Orthodox Church
Authors: Grishaeva Ekaterina , Busygin Alexei
Published: November 2023

Within some religious collectivities, the use of digital media for rituals, gaining religious knowledge and community gatherings may be seen as a challenge to religious identity, thus provoking different attitudes. Drawing on practice theory of Schatzki, we analyse different attitudes to digital practices expressed by members of the Russian Orthodox Church as shaped by their perception of the affordances of digital media and practice normativity. Developing previous studies, we demonstrate that the normative assessment of digital practices becomes significant mainly for developing critical arguments. Approval of digital practices does not depend solely on religious norms, but also on users’ experience of leveraging digital media affordances. We show that acceptance and critique are not mutually exclusive, as both types of argument are intertwined.
Research progress and prospect of digital twin in bridge engineering
Authors: Yang Yuanliang , Zhu Yichen , Cai CS
Published: November 2023

The concept of digital twins in bridge engineering is still vague and even confused with the Bridge Information Model (BrIM). Therefore, this study provides a detailed review of 42 papers related to digital twins in bridge engineering, focusing on a proper definition, key features and creation techniques for bridge digital twin (BDT). The paper also compares BDT and BrIM from the perspectives of their elements, features, fidelity, services provided, and degree of development. The applications of BDT at different life cycle stages are identified, and the related technologies are analyzed in detail. The results show that the research clusters of BDT are divided into geometric model generation, finite element model updating, and management and are focused on the operation and maintenance phase while lacking attention in the design and construction phase. Besides, a reference framework of BDT based on the life cycle of bridges is proposed, and directions for future research are suggested.
Multiple-objective optimization of direct dual fuel stratification (DDFS) combustion at different loads
Authors: Zhu Yizi , Zhang Yanzhi , He Zhixia , Wang Qian , Li Weimin
Published: November 2023

The operating parameters of the direct dual fuel stratification (DDFS) strategy in a heavy-duty engine are optimized across a full load range by utilizing a combination of three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulation and genetic algorithm. After obtaining the optimized results, sensitivity analyses were conducted on the operating parameters at various loads using the Pearson method. The results show that the DDFS strategy can attain stable and efficient combustion across the entire full-load range after optimization. At low-to-medium loads, the engine’s performance is predominantly influenced by initial operating parameters, while both initial and injection parameters play critical roles at high loads. The sensitivities of operating parameters increase as load increases, with the operating parameters having higher sensitivities having more concentrated distributions, while those with lower sensitivities have more dispersed distributions. The optimal conditions for low-to-medium load combustion generally involve a premixed-dominated combustion regime with some degree of reactivity stratification, which is strongly influenced by charge thermodynamics. Increasing the proportion of high-reactivity diesel fuel can improve combustion efficiency and stability, particularly under low-load conditions. Under high-load conditions, the optimal combustion strategy involves using a significant amount of direct-injected gasoline to achieve a more distinct stratified and diffusion combustion regime, which helps mitigate excessive heat release rates. However, this approach may result in reduced fuel economy compared to the optimal strategy for low-to-medium loads. As a consequence, the role of charge thermodynamics becomes less significant while the injection strategy becomes more critical for achieving optimal combustion at high loads.
Instrumentation development, improvement, simplification, and miniaturization: The multifunctional plate source for use in mass spectrometry
Authors: Trimpin Sarah , Inutan Ellen , Coffinberger Hope , Hoang Khoa , Yenchick Frank , Wager-Miller James , Pophristic Milan , Mackie Ken , McEwen Charles N.
Published: November 2023

In remembrance of Prof. Dr Przybylski, we are presenting a vision towards his beloved mass spectrometry (MS) and its far-reaching promises outside of the academic laboratory. Sub-atmospheric pressure (AP) ionization MS is well positioned to make a step-change in direct ionization, a concept that allows sublimation/evaporation ionization and mass analyses of volatile and nonvolatile molecules from clean or dirty samples, directly, accurately, sensitively, and in a straightforward manner that has the potential to expand the field of MS into unchartered application areas. Contrary to ambient ionization MS, ionization commences in the sub-AP region of the mass spectrometer, important for practical and safety reasons, and offers inter alia, simplicity, speed, sensitivity, and robustness directly from real-world samples without cleanup. The plate source concept, presented here, provides an easy to use, rapid, and direct sample introduction from AP into the sub-AP of a mass spectrometer. Utilizing sub-AP ionization MS based on the plate source concept, small to large molecules from various environments that would be deemed too dirty for some direct MS methods are demonstrated. The new source concept can be expanded to include multiple ionization methods using the same plate source “front end” without the need to vent the mass spectrometer between the different methods, thus allowing ionization of more compounds on the same mass spectrometer for which any one ionization method may be insufficient. Examples such as fentanyl, gamma-hydroxybutyric acid, clozapine, 1-propionyllysergic acid, hydrocodone angiotensin I and II, myoglobin, and carbonic anhydrase are included.
Mechanical properties of a hybrid waste tyre, sisal and polyester resin composite fibre board
Authors: Kankompe Kankomba , Ncube Sizo , Nkomo Nkosilathi , Ndebele Nqobizitha , Gonde Peeps , Nkiwane Londiwe
Published: November 2023

Millions of used or worn-out tyres are disposed of by many countries annually. These tyres can be put to good use when recycled. Used tyres are among the most problematic and challenging sources of solid waste, especially in landfills. Therefore, the use of waste tyres for composite materials having desired performance properties can be used as a means of disposing of the tyres. Fibrous material-reinforced composites with enhanced physical and mechanical performance and incorporating sisal fibres were produced using waste tyre material, sisal, and polyester resin. The physical and mechanical properties of hybrid composite board panels, including flexural strength, compression strength, tensile strength, and water absorption, were determined according to ASTM Standards. The rubber tyre particles used in the study had a size of 1.00 mm, and the sisal used had an average length of 6mm. A systematic experimental design was formulated and worked accordingly in the fabrication of the composite. The hybrid composite produced has adequate mechanical properties to perform as a substitute for solid wood in several applications such as tabletops, general purpose, load-bearing boards, ceiling boards, furniture, door panels and partitioning boards.
Developing a SARS-CoV-2 main protease binding prediction random forest model for drug repurposing for COVID-19 treatment
Authors: Liu Jie , Xu Liang , Guo Wenjing , Li Zoe , Khan Md Kamrul Hasan , Ge Weigong , Patterson Tucker A , Hong Huixiao
Published: November 2023

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic resulted in millions of people becoming infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus and close to seven million deaths worldwide. It is essential to further explore and design effective COVID-19 treatment drugs that target the main protease of SARS-CoV-2, a major target for COVID-19 drugs. In this study, machine learning was applied for predicting the SARS-CoV-2 main protease binding of Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs to assist in the identification of potential repurposing candidates for COVID-19 treatment. Ligands bound to the SARS-CoV-2 main protease in the Protein Data Bank and compounds experimentally tested in SARS-CoV-2 main protease binding assays in the literature were curated. These chemicals were divided into training (516 chemicals) and testing (360 chemicals) data sets. To identify SARS-CoV-2 main protease binders as potential candidates for repurposing to treat COVID-19, 1188 FDA-approved drugs from the Liver Toxicity Knowledge Base were obtained. A random forest algorithm was used for constructing predictive models based on molecular descriptors calculated using Mold2 software. Model performance was evaluated using 100 iterations of fivefold cross-validations which resulted in 78.8% balanced accuracy. The random forest model that was constructed from the whole training dataset was used to predict SARS-CoV-2 main protease binding on the testing set and the FDA-approved drugs. Model applicability domain and prediction confidence on drugs predicted as the main protease binders discovered 10 FDA-approved drugs as potential candidates for repurposing to treat COVID-19. Our results demonstrate that machine learning is an efficient method for drug repurposing and, thus, may accelerate drug development targeting SARS-CoV-2.
Needs Assessment of Self-Management for Individuals With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury/Disease
Authors: Kraus Bridget , Wolf Timothy J.
Published: November 2023

Since the 1980s, survivorship for persons with spinal cord injury/disease (SCI/D) has significantly improved; however, life expectancy remains lower than the general population due to secondary health conditions (SHCs) that lead to decreased function and death. This study explored (1) facilitators and barriers to engaging in self-management (SM) for persons with SCI/D and (2) stakeholder perspectives on potential SM program components and content for intervention development. Around 38 participants with SCI/D responded to this cross-sectional study and needs assessment conducted at the University of Missouri, Columbia. Responses were analyzed to determine descriptive statistics. Participants indicated barriers to SM include transportation/distance, presence of SHCs, and a lack of local resources. Participants noted that virtual SM programs with strong psychological health/coping components were preferred. These findings should guide the development of an SM program tailored to SCI/D to reduce the prevalence and impact of SHC on the SCI/D population.
Impact of Spatial Neglect on Activity and Participation: A Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Grattan Emily S. , Hart Emerson , Woodbury Michelle , Nichols Michelle
Published: November 2023

Post-stroke neglect is disabling, yet it is unclear whether existing assessments capture the extent neglect affects activity and participation. The objective of the study is to explore stroke survivor and caregiver perspectives on how neglect affects activity and participation and to compare their experiences to neglect assessments items. We conducted an explanatory sequential mixed-methods study by conducting semi-structured interviews with stroke survivors ( n = 7) and caregivers ( n = 7) analyzed using thematic analysis. Stroke survivors completed the Catherine Bergego Scale (CBS) and Behavioral Inattention Test (BIT). Descriptive analyses characterized participant’s neglect. The standardized CBS and BIT tests indicated that stroke survivors demonstrated mild-to-moderate (CBS) or no-to-mild (BIT) neglect. In contrast, the qualitative data revealed serious safety concerns and significant ongoing difficulties participating in school, work, and family activities because of neglect. Current assessments may not measure the impact of neglect on activity or participation in life for stroke survivors.
Taking sustainable energy seriously: A typological approach to sustainable energy governance in the U.S. states
Authors: Kong Shaojie , Cao Shuai , Fei Zinuo
Published: November 2023

Given the overwhelming importance of energy governance in the transition toward energy sustainable economy in the U.S., empirical studies that aim at understanding the governance mechanism of sustainable energy in the states are needed. This paper will fill the lacuna by examining how state governments manage sustainable energy in the following ways. First, I will first describe and categorize the administrative structure of the energy office in the states. Second, based on 42 policy instruments that the state governments, a state sustainable energy policy index is developed to evaluate the policy commitment of the state governments in energy sustainability. Last, a typology is developed to evaluate the sustainable energy governance in the states.
Investigating people’s metacognitive insight into their own face abilities
Authors: Kramer Robin SS , Tree Jeremy J
Published: November 2023

Within the domain of face processing, researchers have been interested in quantifying the relationship between objective (i.e., performance on laboratory tests of recognition and matching) and subjective measures of ability (typically, self-report questionnaires). Put simply, do people show high levels of metacognitive insight into their own abilities with faces? Although several studies have suggested that the association between these two types of measures may only be moderate, there remain several important issues that require consideration before this question can be sensibly investigated. First, specificity is needed regarding both objective and subjective measurements because both tend to span a wide range of potentially separable abilities. Second, experimental tasks appear to focus on different contexts to those tapped in self-report questionnaire items. Third, recent issues with statistical approaches and visualisation can result in numerical artefacts and misinterpretations. Finally, the sizes of population-level insights suggested by recent work provide only limited information regarding individuals within these populations, and so researchers aiming to identify people at the extremes of ability must be careful when drawing conclusions. Taken together, we argue that more attention to these issues is needed when attempting to investigate metacognitive insight within this domain.
Diversified exposure mitigates biased perceptions: Involvement, media exposure, and hostile media perceptions toward coverage of U.S.-China trade disputes
Authors: Liu Xudong , Li Xigen
Published: November 2023

This study empirically tested the proposition that diversified media exposure mediates the effect of involvement on hostile media perceptions (HMPs). Informed by social identity theory and the intergroup contact theory, the study examined issue involvement and cognitive involvement as the antecedents of diversified media exposure concerning U.S.-China trade dispute and tested how diversified media exposure affected peoples’ perceptual bias of U.S. media as out-group media. Using the data collected from a sample of 1029 Chinese media users, the structural equation modeling indicated that issue involvement and cognitive involvement both escalated people's diversified media exposure. Out-group media exposure significantly reduced HMP, whereas expanded information seeking boosted HMP. The serial mediation model also reveals that extended discussion and expanded information seeking mediated the relationship between involvement and HMP.
Resonant Reviews: Experiencing Accurate Readings and Indicators of Literary Accomplishment Among Reviewed Novelists
Authors: Fürst Henrik
Published: November 2023

Artists both desire and dread reviews of their work by media critics. This article draws upon 66 interviews with Swedish novelists in order to examine their experiences of being publicly reviewed. A ‘successful’ reception creates resonant experiences that can be examined on two levels. On the level of interpersonal responsiveness, the authors’ longing to be genuinely understood through the engagement of others with their work is occasionally reciprocated in the reviewer’s reading of their work, resulting in a profound sense of mutual understanding and resonance. In the second dimension, abstracted positioning of the success of the reception is done using indicators of the importance of their book in literary life. The sense of achievement and prestige of having published something important creates resonance and connectedness to the world of literature. The article suggests that artists, through the reception of their works, can be either resonantly or non-resonantly engaged with reviewers’ reading and the indications of their works’ importance.
A case study of clinical supervision to support early childhood leaders in times of natural disasters: “It’s not a designer handbag”
Authors: Wong Sandie
Published: November 2023

This paper is a case study of clinical supervision to support early childhood leaders in times of a natural disaster. The case is of five Directors working in long day care services in regional New South Wales, and their Manager, following catastrophic flooding in the region. Data were gathered through individual interviews and thematic analysis conducted. The paper summarises the emotional and professional burdens experienced by the participants as a result of the flood. The case study identifies the benefits of clinical supervision for these leaders’ personal wellbeing and professional practice during natural disaster, and highlights the need for clinical supervision to be delivered by skilled, trauma-informed supervisors who understand the early childhood context. Some challenges to clinical supervision are identified. Arguments are made for supervision to be provided and sustained to support early childhood leaders in both the emergency and recovery periods of experiencing a natural disaster.
Novel-miR-81 Promotes the Chondrocytes Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Through Inhibiting Rac2 Expression
Authors: Luo Ziwei , Xie Jinqi , Ye Haoxiang , Zhang Jie , Liu Yangping , Ma Chunmei , Cao Jiahui , Pan Hao , Liu Xiaosheng , Zhou Xianxi , Kong Jiechen , Chen Dongfeng , Liu Aijun
Published: November 2023

Objective

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a key role in the differentiation of bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) into chondrocytes. Our previous study found that novel-miR-81 can relieve osteoarthritis, but its role in chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of novel-miR-81 in chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs.

Methods

We used a model in which transforming growth factor (TGF)-β3-induced BMSCs differentiation into chondrocytes. We detected the expression Sox9, Collagen Ⅱ, Aggrecan, novel-miR-81, and Rac2 by real-time reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Western blot was performed to detect the expression of Sox9, Collagen Ⅱ, and Rac2. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed that the association between novel-miR-81 and Rac2. In addition, the ectopic chondrocyte differentiation of BMSCs was performed subcutaneously in nude mice. The effect of novel-miR-81 and Rac2 on ectopic chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs was determined by immunohistochemical staining.

Results

Novel-miR-81 upregulated in chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Rac2 was a key target of novel-miR-81. Mimic novel-miR-81 and siRac2 upregulated the expression of Sox9, Collagen Ⅱ, and Aggrecan.

Conclusion

Novel-miR-81 promotes the chondrocytes differentiation of BMSCs by inhibiting the expression of target gene Rac2, which provides potential targets for BMSCs transplantation to repair cartilage defects.
The effects of anxiety on taste perception: The role of awareness
Authors: Zushi Naoya , Perusquía-Hernández Monica , Ayabe-Kanamura Saho
Published: November 2023

Prior research indicate that emotional states can alter taste perception, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study explores whether taste perception changes due to the mere evocation of emotions or the cognitive awareness of emotions. The first experiment investigated how anxiety affects taste perception when individuals are aware of their anxiety. Participants watched videos inducing relaxation or anxiety, then were divided into groups focusing on their emotions and those who did not, and the taste perception was measure. The second experiment investigated the influence of awareness directed toward emotions on taste evaluation, without manipulating emotional states. This focused on cognitive processing of taste through evaluations of visual stimuli. Results showed that sweetness perception is suppressed by the evocation of anxiety, whereas bitterness perception is enhanced only by anxiety with awareness. These findings indicate that the mechanisms by which emotional states affect taste perception may differ depending on taste quality.
Does opioid therapy enhance quality of life in patients suffering from chronic non-malignant pain? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kraft Karl V. L. , Backmund Teresa , Eberhart Leopold , Schubert Ann-Kristin , Dinges Hanns-Christian , Hagen Maria K. , Gehling Markus
Published: November 2023

Background and objective

Chronic pain is associated with a poor health-related quality of life (HRQL). Whereas the prescription rate of opioids increased during the last decades, their use in chronic non-malignant pain remains unclear. However, there is currently no clinical consensus or evidence-based guidelines that consider the long-term effects of opioid therapy on HRQL in patients with chronic non-cancer pain. This systematic review aims to address the question of whether opioid therapy improves HRQL in patients with chronic non-malignant pain and provide some guidance to practitioners.

Databases and data treatment

PubMed, EMBASE and CENTRAL were searched in June 2020 for double-blind, randomized trials (RCTs), comparing opioid therapy to placebo and assessed a HRQL questionnaire. The review comprises a qualitative vote counting approach and a meta-analysis of the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), EQ-5D questionnaire and the pain interference scale of the Brief pain inventory (BPI).

Results

35 RCTs were included, of which the majority reported a positive effect of opioids for the EQ-5D, the BPI and the physical component score (PCS) of the SF-36 compared to placebo. The meta-analysis of the PCS showed a mean difference of 1.82 [confidence interval: 1.32, 2.32], the meta-analysis of the EQ-5D proved a significant advantage of 0.06 [0.00, 0.12]. In the qualitative analysis of the mental component score (MCS) of the SF-36, no positive or negative trend was seen. No significant differences were seen in the MCS (MD: 0.65 [-0.43, 1.73]). A slightly higher premature dropout rate was found in the opioid group (risk difference: 0.04 [0.00, 0.07], p = .07). The body of evidence is graded as low to medium.

Conclusion

Opioids have a statistically significant, but small and clinical not relevant effect on the physical dimensions of HRQL, whereas there is no effect on mental dimensions of HRQL in patients with chronic non-malignant pain during the initial months of treatment. In clinical practice, opioid prescriptions for chronic non-cancer pain should be individually assessed as their broad efficacy in improving quality of life is not confirmed. The duration of opioid treatment should be determined carefully, as this review primarily focuses on the initial months of therapy.
A Trend Analysis of the Challenges of International Students Over 21 Years
Authors: Oduwaye Omotoyosi , Kiraz Askin , Sorakin Yasemin
Published: November 2023

International students leave their countries to pursue their educational goals in a different country and must adapt to succeed. However, they may face challenges when adapting to and learning a new culture. This study investigates the challenges common to international students in their host countries and summarizes the publishing trends. A literature search of peer-reviewed articles published in Scopus, Taylor & Francis, EBSCO Host, Web of Science, Springer, PubMed, and Wiley Online over 21 years (2002–2022) was done for data collection. After the screening, a total of 175 articles were included in this review and analyzed with content analysis. The findings show that the top four destinations for international students (USA, UK, Australia, and Canada) produced the most articles about international students’ challenges. Additionally, most papers investigated more than one challenge, and sociocultural (82.9%) and academic challenges (82.3%) were the most researched, with language issues as the primary cause. The results also show no changes or improvement in the challenges of international students in 21 years, and areas such as psychological and economic challenges need more research. These challenges and other trends found in the articles are discussed and directions for future research are suggested.
The Determinants of Financial Inclusion in Vietnam: A Demand-Side Approach
Authors: Nguyen Thi Anh Nhu , Luong Thi Thuy Huong
Published: November 2023

While a large body of studies has captured macro financial inclusion on the supply side, this research paper contributes significantly to the literature on determining financial inclusion in Vietnam from the demand side. The primary target of this paper is to measure an overall financial inclusion index by employing micro data of 1,002 respondents in Vietnam from the World Bank. Additionally, based on the calculation of financial inclusion index, we investigate the determinants of financial inclusion and examine the barriers to financial inclusion in Vietnam. The ordinary least squares regression analysis and logit regression are employed to estimate the effect of demographic characteristics and the barriers to financial inclusion. The main findings reveal that people who are female, wealthier, more educated, or in the workforce exhibit a higher financial inclusion index. Besides, the financial inclusion level of high-income people is not affected by working status, while this level of middle and low-income people does. Women are also less likely to be financially included because they complain that financial institutions are too far away or because another family member has an account. Older people are more concerned about lack of documentation, lack of trust, and demand reasons. To achieve the purposes of robustness, the measurement of financial inclusion was changed following previous studies to confirm robust and stable baseline results. Accordingly, these findings contribute to issuing adequate policies that break the barriers to financial inclusion and enhance financial inclusion, especially for less educated, poor, out of the workforce, and old people.
Posture Evaluation of Firefighters During Simulated Fire Suppression Tasks
Authors: Kajaks Tara , Ziebart Christina , Galea Vickie , Vrkljan Brenda , MacDermid Joy C.
Published: November 2023

Background:

Posture mechanics during fire suppression tasks are associated with musculoskeletal injuries in firefighters.

Methods:

This study uses the Ovako Working Posture Analyzing System (OWAS) ergonomics tool to describe and evaluate the postures of 48 firefighters during 3 simulated tasks: (a) hose drag, (b) hose pull, and (c) high-rise pack lift. Ergonomics intervention prioritizations based on the OWAS action classification (AC) scores were identified using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Chi-square analyses identified associations between firefighter characteristics and OWAS AC scores.

Findings:

The initial hose pick-up phase of each task was identified as a high priority for ergonomics intervention (OWAS AC = 4) in 45.8%, 54.2%, and 45.8% of cases for Tasks 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Lower BMI was associated with higher AC scores for the initial hose pick-up during Task 3 (likelihood ratio = 9.20, p value = .01).

Conclusion:

The results inform ergonomics priorities for firefighter training based on the tasks analyzed. Application to Practice: This study evaluates the posture mechanics of three commonly performed firefighting tasks. The results help inform an ergonomics training intervention focused on posture mechanics during occupational activities for firefighters.
Are Eating and Phone Use Equally Distracting? A Simulated Driving Model Comparison
Authors: Bai Xialou , Henderson Celia , Hewitt Dylan , Traylor Zachary , Xie Ziyang , Nam Chang
Published: November 2023

In this study, we sought to compare the mental workload of eating/drinking and phone use while driving. This was done by using Micro Saint Sharp to model a simulated driving task that included stop lights combined with either eating and drinking or a phone call. We hypothesized that the mental workload for phone use and eating/drinking would be the same, as literature suggests that eating while driving can be equally dangerous. Results show that eating and drinking were associated with a lower mental workload than phone use, and both eating and drinking are associated with significantly higher workload than baseline. This research has the potential to inform future legislation regarding driver safety.
Pendulum Chair: A Research Platform for Cybersickness
Authors: Sanaei Mohammadamin , Perron Arthur J. , Gilbert Stephen B.
Published: November 2023

Despite advances in VR hardware, cybersickness remains a key barrier to VR. Having a common customizable research platform could help the research community. This paper introduces a cybersickness research platform called Pendulum Chair for “spinning world” (egocentric rotation) experiences. The design of Pendulum Chair is justified and four different conditions are described from a Pendulum Chair study as validation. The conditions were defined as two different background scenes and two conditions of music. Data from 56 participants were collected and results showed that in all four conditions, participants reported cybersickness. The use of the open-source Pendulum Chair Unity project could enable stronger comparisons across cybersickness studies.
Acute interstitial nephritis secondary to sarcoid-like reaction after autologous bone marrow transplantation: Case report
Authors: Lutf Luciana G , Strufaldi Fernando L , Cavalcante Livia B , Caires Renato A , Kawassaki Alexandre M , Mattedi Francisco Z , Costalonga Elerson C , Soares Iberê C , Szor Roberta Shcolnik , Costa e Silva Verônica T
Published: November 2023

Sarcoid-Like Reaction is a systemic inflammatory granulomatous condition that does not meet the criteria for systemic Sarcoidosis—it is triggered by a known underlying factor, such as immunosuppression. Here we report a case of acute interstitial nephritis without granuloma in the context of a Sarcoid-Like systemic disease in the three-year period after an autologous stem cell transplant. The patient presented with a suspected relapse, associated with hemolytic anemia and an increase of serum creatinine. The investigation showed non-caseating epithelioid cell granuloma in a chest lymph node and in bone marrow, associated with combined hypogammaglobulinemia. Evaluation of the kidney tissue demonstrated acute interstitial nephritis.