bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pelestarian alam sebagai perwujudan mandat pembangunan: suatu kajian etis-teologis
Authors: Stevanus Kalis
Published: October 2020

Akhir-akhir ini perhatian dan kesadaran umat manusia untuk menjaga danmemelihara kelestarian lingkungan hidupnya semakin meningkat. Kerusakanlingkungan hidup dewasa ini merupakan isu besar dan bersifat global(mendunia), yang kini menjadi masalah yang semakin genting. Dunia sedangmenghadapi bahaya krisis ekologis. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memaparkansikap etis-teologis Gereja dalam menyikapi isu tentang lingkungan hidupdewasa ini menjadi isu yang sangat krusial untuk diperhatikan. Adapun pendekatan penelitian yang penulis gunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif denganmenggunakan metode deskriptif berdasarkan Alkitab dan juga menggunakanpenelitian kepustakaan dengan cara menganalis literatur baik buku maupunjurnal yang membahas permasalahan lingkungan hidup. Berdasarkan kajianetis-teologis diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa, manusia adalah pengelola alam, danpelestarian alam adalah sebagai implementasi kasih kepada sesama. Denganpemahaman ini, diharapkan lingkungan hidup yang telah dipercayakan kepadamanusia, perlu dikelola secara bijak, bertanggungjawab dan seproduktifmungkin untuk kepentingan dan kelangsungan generasi mendatang.
Sikap Etis Gereja Terhadap Perceraian dan Pernikahan Kembali
Authors: Stevanus Kalis
Published: October 2020

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan sikap etis gereja dalam menyikapiperceraian dan pernikahan kembali agar bermanfaat sebagai bahanmasukan bagi pelayanan pastoral gereja dalam menangani anggotawarganya yang hendak bercerai, telah bercerai atau yang menikah kembali.Dengan penggunaan metode analisis-deskriptif terhadap teks-teks seperti:Matius 5:32; 19:9; Markus 10:11-12; Lukas 16:18 dan 1 Korintus 7:10-11,maka diperoleh hasil: Pertama, pernikahan Kristen merupakan persekutuanyang bersifat monogami dan seumur hidup (tak terceraikan); kedua,perzinahan merusak fondasi pernikahan, tapi hal itu tidak boleh dijadikanalasan legal untuk bercerai; ketiga, perceraian tidak pernah dianjurkanmaupun diperintahkan; keempat, hanya perpisahan yang diperbolehkan,bukan perceraian dengan tujuan untuk rekonsiliasi; kelima, pernikahankembali dengan orang yang sudah bercerai merupakan pelanggaran(kesalahan); keenam, penyelesaian masalah perceraian dan pernikahankembali yang telah terjadi adalah tanggung jawab warga gereja secarakomunal (keseluruhan) untuk mendapatkan kembali mereka yang telahberpisah dari pasangannya.
Pendidikan Seks pada Remaja
Authors: Stevanus Kalis
Published: October 2020

Pendidikan seks sangatlah penting untuk diberikan kepada para remaja,bahkan sejak masih kanak-kanak. Anak-anak dan remaja rentan terhadapinformasi yang salah mengenai seks. Tujuan penulisan ini, diharapkan melaluipendidikan seks, orangtua dapat memberikan informasi yang sepatutnya sesuaikebutuhan dan umur anak. Selain itu, dengan pendidikan seks anak juga dapatdiberitahu mengenai berbagai perilaku seksual berisiko sehingga mereka dapatmenghindarinya. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif yaitustudi literature, dengan menggali berbagai informasi berkenaan denganpendidikan seks pada remaja, maka diperoleh hasil, pertama: pendidikan seksharus dianggap sebagai bagian dari proses pendidikan untuk memperkuatpengembangan kepribadian. Kedua, orangtua memiliki peran penting untukmenanggulanggi perilaku seks yang menyimpang adalah dengan cara orangtuamengajarkan pendidikan seks secara langsung dan kontinyu pada anak sedinimungkin di dalam keluarga sesuai Alkitab dan norma-norma masyarakatsetempat agar remaja meneima seksualitasnya yang adalah bagian integralkehidupannnya dengan penuh tanggung jawab.
BIRC5 is differentially expressed in epithelial ovarian cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2020

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecologic cancer (1). We sought to identify genes associated with epithelial ovarian cancer and the high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) subtype by comparing global gene expression profiles of normal ovary with that of primary tumors from women diagnosed with epithelial cancer and HGSC in specific using published microarray data (2, 3). We identified the gene encoding the baculoviral inhibitor of apoptosis repeat (IAP) containing 5, BIRC5 as among the genes whose expression was most different in epithelial ovarian cancer and in HGSC ovarian tumors. BIRC5 expression was significantly higher in ovarian tumors relative to normal ovary. Correlation of BIRC5 expression with survival outcomes in patients with ovarian cancer was complex, with low expression favorable early in disease and high expression favorable later in disease. These data indicate that expression of BIRC5 is perturbed in epithelial ovarian cancers broadly and in ovarian cancers of the HGSC subtype. BIRC5 may be relevant to pathways underlying ovarian cancer progression.
PENULISAN PAPAN PETUNJUK ARAH
Authors: RAHMIATI
Published: October 2020

Penulisan papan petunjuk di lakukan pada jam 10 di belakang masjid Al-ikhlas Dusun Palloli, yang di bantu oleh pemuda karang taruna desa Bontocini.
Contingency
Authors: PUTRA DIKA ANGGARA
Published: October 2020

Strategi juga dianggap sebagai mekanisme bagaimana fokus perusahaan pada upaya untuk mencapai kinerja yang diharapkan. Strategi berbasis peluang merancang perilaku pencarian peluang dalam proses pengambilan keputusan. Konsep ini tertanam dalam wirausaha di mana memungkinkan UKM menjadi lebih fleksibel dalam menangkap peluang Strategi ini berkaitan dengan respon perusahaan terhadap masalah yang muncul yang diangkat oleh pemangku kepentingan, misalnya pengurangan emisi, reformasi tata kelola, dan praktik ketenaga kerjaan yang adil. Perusahaan dengan Strategi Orientasi yang lebih besar memiliki ambisi yang lebih besar untuk mendapatkan peluang dan lebih memilih untuk menyewa sumber daya yang dibutuhkan untuk mencapai kinerja terbaik.
IDENTIFICATION OF HALAL CRITICAL POINTS OF FRIED FOOD SERVEDBY RESTAURANT IN PADANG. In The 2nd International Conference on Culinary, Fashion, Beauty and Tourism (ICCFBT) 2019 (iccfbt.fpp.unp.ac.id)
Authors: faridah anni , syarif wirnelis , Holinesti Rahmi
Published: October 2020

The research is aimed at knowing the critical point of halal fried foods in restaurants in Padang. Qualitative method is used in the research. Sources of research data were taken from informants, namely restaurant managers, using snowball sampling techniques. Research data in the form of observations and interviews with informants, as well as observations at the research location. The data in this study is processed by using the software NVivo 11. The results showed that there are three important themes related to food processing techniques in restaurants, these techniquesare frying, boiling with coconut milk, and burning. There are 53 fried food menus, consisting of processed chicken, seafood, fresh fish, beef, eggs, and vegetable ingredients. The identification results show that there are 19 important themes related to the critical point of halal fried foods based on processed chicken, seafood, fresh fish, meat, eggs, and vegetable ingredients. The themes include: (1) how to slaughter animals; (2) cooking oil; (3) salt; (4) flavoring; (5) flour; (6) soy sauce.
Influence of information technology: A relation between strategic orientation and firm performance
Authors: Susanto Stefanny Magdalena
Published: October 2020

Strategic Orientation berpengaruh secara langsung terhadap firm performance suatu perusahaan. Teknologi Informasi menawarkan cara baru untuk menjangkau pelanggan dengan informasi pasar yang substansial. Dengan memanfaatkan Information Technology (IT), Perusahaan mendapatkan keuntungan dari pengaruh sosial terhadap pemasaran secara langsung, yang bertujuan untuk mengumpulkan informasi di jejaring sosial pelanggan.
PENGECETAN PAPAN PETUNJUK ARAH
Authors: RAHMIATI
Published: October 2020

Pengecetan di lakukan di belakang masjid Al-ikhlas saat sore hari.
Implementasi Algoritma K-Means Dalam Mengukur Tingkat Kepuasan Siswa Terhadap Pelayanan Sekolah Studi Kasus Di Mts. S Nurul Amaliyah
Authors: Pane Deski Helsa
Published: October 2020

Penelitian kali ini dilakukan dengan cara melakukan pengamatan langsung ke MTs.S Nurul Amaliyah. Masalah yang diidentifikasi dalam penelitian ini adalah kesulitan dalam menentukan tingkat kepuasan siswa terhadap pelayanan yang diberikan oleh pihak sekolah MTs.S Nurul Amaliyah. Selain pengamatan, juga dilakukan wawancara kepada pihak-pihak yang terkait dengan penelitian ini. Di samping itu juga, melakukan pengambilan sampel data yang dilakukan dengan membagikan angket kepada siswa yang berisi tentang kriteria pelayanan sekolah.Data yang diperoleh, selanjutnya dianalisis guna menghasilkan informasi yang berguna. Cara ini diharapkan akan menghasilkan pola keputusan yang terbaik sehingga tujuan dari penelitian ini akan dapat tercapai. Data yang telah dianalisa, selanjutnya data tersebut dirancang untuk mendapatkan pemodelan data menggunakan metode K-Means.
Mengimplementasikan Pelayanan Yesus Dalam Konteks Misi Masa Kini Menurut Injil Sinoptik
Authors: Stevanus Kalis
Published: October 2020

Gereja sebagai bagian dari masyarakat juga terpanggil untuk terlibat dalamupaya mengatasi permasalahan yang sedang terjadi di sekitarnya. Makalahini bertujuan untuk memperlihatkan bahwa pelayanan kristiani secarakomprehensif yaitu pelayanan holistik adalah sangat relevan dan dibutuhkansebagai jawaban untuk mewujudkan Injil Yesus Kristus menjadi realitas dansekaligus dapat mengentaskan persoalan atau kondisi masyarakat di managereja berada. Pelayanan holistik adalah sebuah paham akan peranan gerejadalam lingkup sosial, yakni pengontekstualisasian Injil Yesus Kristus padamasalah konkret yang terjadi di sekitar gereja. Pelayanan holistic sebagaiupaya untuk merealisasikan pengajaran Alkitab ke dalam praksis, yangtentunya hal ini berlaku di tengah-tengah kondisi dan situasi masalahkonkret di sekitar gereja.Berdasarkan kajian biblika khususnya pemberitaan Injil Sinoptik mengenaipelayanan Tuhan Yesus, tampak sangat jelas bahwa Ia tidak memisahkan(dualisme) antara Pemberitaan Injil dan kepedulian social. Pelayanan-Nyatidak hanya focus pada Pemberitaan Injil semata, yaitu penobatan seseorangmenjadi murid-Nya untuk memperoleh keselamatan jiwa, namun bersifatholistik, yakni juga memerhatikan kebutuhan sosial. Seyogyianya pelayanangereja masa kini pun juga holistic (utuh; menyeluruh) seperti yang telahdilakukan oleh Tuhan Yesus.
Differential expression of the Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome candidate 1, WHSC1 (NSD2/KMT3G), in cancers of the breast.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2020

Breast cancer affects women at relatively high frequency (1). We mined published microarray datasets (2, 3) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the systems level genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer. We report here significant differential expression of the gene encoding the H3K36 methyltransferase Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome candidate 1, WHSC1, also known as Nsd2 or KMT3G, when comparing primary tumors of the breast to the tissue of origin, the normal breast. WHSC1 expression in primary tumors of the breast was significantly higher than in normal breast tissue, and relapse-free survival in breast cancer patients was significantly worse in patients with high tumor expression of WHSC1 than in patients with low tumor expression of WHSC1. WHSC1 may be of relevance to initiation, maintenance or progression of cancers of the female breast.
Pembinaan tka/tpa
Authors: Akmal
Published: October 2020

Kuliah kerja lapang plus adalah salah satu kegiatan perkuliahan yang eaj8b dilaksanakan oleh mahasiswa.
KEKUASAAN ALLAH DAN HUKUM ISLAM BAGI MANUSIA DAN ALAM
Authors: Berutu Ali Geno
Published: October 2020

Tuhan, manusia, dan alam merupakan pembahasan filsafat klasik yang tidak pernah ada habisnya. Negeri-negeri seperti Mesir, India, Cina, Jepang, Iran, Babilonia, Yunani, dianggap sebagai rujukan dalam mempelajari konsep tersebut. Para filosof kuno sampai filosof modern sudah banyak yang mengupas tentang hal ini. Manusia merupakan bagian dari alam semesta (kosmos) yang telah diciptakan oleh Allah SWT., dan sebagai abdiNya. Manusia diberikan kuasa oleh Tuhan untuk memanfaatkan, mengolah, dan menjaga potensi alam semesta yang telah diciptakan-Nya (khalifatullah). Dengan alam pula manusia berproses dan memperoleh pengetahuan dari Tuhan. Oleh karena itu membahas hubungan antara manusia, alam, dan Allah SWT sebagai pencipta tidak dapat dipisahkan
SENAM BERSAMA KADER PKK
Authors: RAHMIATI
Published: October 2020

Senam dilakukan pada sore hari, mahasiswa KKLP dan masyarakat setempat melakukan senam di lapangan bola.
Laporan Minggu ke 4 keg. 2
Authors: basra anastasya
Published: October 2020

Kuliah kerja lapang plus (kklp) merupakan suatu kegiatan perkuliahan yang bersifat intakurikuler dalam bentuk pengabdian pada masyarakat yg di lakukan oleh mahasiswa dalam jangka waktu tertentu. Oleh karena, sifatnya intrakurikuler sehingga setiap mahasiswa yang akan menyelesaikan studi di perguruan tinggi pada suatu program Strata satu (S1) harus mengikuti Kklp.
No Gravity Shield in Multi-folds Universes
Authors: Maes Stephane
Published: October 2020

In a multi-fold universe, gravity emerges from Entanglement through the multi-fold mechanisms. As a result, gravity-like effects appear in between entangled particles that they be real or virtual. Long range, massless gravity results from entanglement of massless virtual particles. Entanglement of massive virtual particles leads to massive gravity contributions at very smalls scales. Multi-folds mechanisms also result into a spacetime that is discrete, with a random walk fractal structure and non-commutative geometry that is Lorentz invariant and where spacetime nodes and particles can be modeled with microscopic black holes. All these recover General relativity at large scales and semi-classical model remain valid till smaller scale than usually expected. Gravity can therefore be added to the Standard Model. This can contribute to resolving several open issues with the Standard Model. The presence of a matter obstacle or shield on the path of the entangled virtual photons may be understood as weakening the gravity perceived beyond or within by a test particle. It is an incorrect conclusion. The potential energy (momentum 4-vector) of the shield and the shield acting a new source ensure that gravity perceived by the test particle is unaffected (other than by the additional contributions due to the proper gravity of the shield). In a multi-fold universe, Faraday cages do not weaken gravity!
The Role of Cognitive Reappraisal and Expectations in Dealing with Social Feedback
Authors: Nasso Selene , Vanderhasselt Marie Anne , Schettino Antonio , de Raedt Rudi
Published: October 2020

Whereas emotion regulation (ER) in response to distressing events is widely studied, the mechanisms underlying adaptive ER while anticipating these events are still unknown. In this study, we investigated how ER strategies and expectation influence (1) individuals’ anticipatory and online processing of self-relevant events, and (2) their affective response to them. Sixty-one healthy female participants were exposed to bogus positive and negative social feedback under reappraisal and watch instructions (no regulation). During the anticipatory period, participants were either expecting negative feedback or they had no expectation regarding the valence of the upcoming self-relevant feedback. Hence, negative feedback was, respectively, expected or unexpected. Participants’ affective responses were collected via self-report and electromyographic activity over the corrugator muscle. Results showed that participants’ negative affect (based on both self reports and EMG) was reduced by the instructions to reappraise as compared to the watch condition. Yet, such beneficial effect of reappraisal was: 1) not observed during the anticipation phase; and 2) less effective when social feedback was expected (as compared to not expected) prior to its presentation. Possibly, cognitive reappraisal might be less able to overcome the influence of negative forecasting of self-relevant negative emotional stimuli. Research findings are discussed in light of potential mechanisms underlying impaired adaptive emotion regulation in patients vulnerable for mood disorders.
The Association between Interparental Conflict and Problematic Internet Use among Chinese adolescents: Testing a Moderated Mediation Model
Authors: Wang Lin-Xin , Dou Kai , Li Jian Bin , Zhang Ming-Chen , Guan Ji-Yao
Published: October 2020

Interparental conflict is a risk factor for adolescent problematic internet use (PIU), but little research has investigated the processing mechanisms underlying this association. Based on the future time perspective theory, this study tested the idea that interparental conflict would be associated with adolescent PIU via restraining the protective effect of future positive time perspective (FPTP) and boosting the deleterious effect of future negative time perspective (FNTP). Moreover, drawing upon the ecological system theory, this study also investigated the interplay between interparental conflict and teacher-student relationship in relation to future time perspective and further to PIU. Using three-time longitudinal data, with each time point spanning three months apart, this study examined the aforesaid questions in 523 Chinese adolescents (276 boys, Mage = 14.64). Results of moderated mediation model found that after controlling for T1 PIU, T1 interparental conflict was associated with T3 PIU through T2 FNTP. Moreover, a stronger teacher-student relationship played a protective role for adolescents less exposed to interparental conflict. These findings provide nuanced explanation about how and for whom interparental conflict is associated with PIU in adolescents. The results also shed light on effective prevention and intervention strategies to mitigate adolescent PIU in the Chinese cultural context.
The Unexpected Social Consequences of Diverting Attention to our Phones
Authors: Barrick Elyssa M , Barasch Alixandra , Tamir Diana
Published: October 2020

Phone use is everywhere. Previous work has shown that phone use during social experiences has detrimental effects on cognitive processing, well-being, and relationships. In this work, we first replicate this by showing the negative effects of phone use on relationships during both controlled and naturalistic social experiences. In Study 1, participants that were randomly assigned to complete a task with a confederate who used their phone part of the time reported lower feelings of social connection than participants paired with a partner who did not use their phone at all. In Study 2, dyads in a park completed a survey about their experience of the day. Participants reported that increased phone use resulted in lower feelings of social connection, enjoyment, and engagement in the experience. People were keenly aware that phone use in social situations can be harmful. If the negative effects of phone use are so obvious, why do people continue to phub their friends? Studies 3 and 4 demonstrate that people accurately intuit the effects of others’ phone use on experiences, but fail to recognize the effects of their own phone use. Study 4 explains this phubbing blindspot by demonstrating asymmetric positive attributions – people attribute their own phone use to positive social motives, and overestimate their ability to multitask compared to others. These findings suggest that people may fail to recognize the negative consequences of their own phone use by attributing positive motives for phone use to themselves.
The Location Independence of Learned Attentional Flexibility
Authors: Sali Anthony , Ma Renate , Albal Mayuri S. , Key Julianne Harper
Published: October 2020

Individuals can adjust their shift readiness, known as attentional flexibility, according to the statistical structure of the environment. However, the extent to which these modulations in attentional flexibility are associated with a global readiness to shift attention to any location versus an anticipated shift to a single location remains unknown. Across two experiments, participants shifted attention among three rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) streams of alphanumeric characters in response to embedded visual cues and made button presses in response to targets at the cued location. We manipulated the likelihood that participants would receive a cue that signaled a shift between two of the streams across blocks of trials. The likelihood of a cued shift of attention to the third location was held constant across all blocks. Participants demonstrated smaller target detection shift costs (Experiments 1 and 2) and shorter saccade latencies (Experiment 1) when the overall likelihood of shifting was high than when the overall shift likelihood was low. Critically, we observed evidence of both global shift readiness and location-specific shift readiness in both experiments such that participants shifted attention to the most-likely-to-be cued location the fastest, but still demonstrated a difference in the time to shift attention to the unlikely location according to the overall shift likelihood. Our findings provide evidence that moment-by-moment changes in attentional flexibility are not limited to an expectation to shift to a single location, but rather reflect, in part, a location-independent state of control.
Examining the effects of stimulus location and monocular-binocular viewing on the sound-induced flash illusion
Authors: Cao Jenna , Goenadi Nickolas F. , Neto Emma L. , Shapiro Isabel R.
Published: October 2020

The present study aimed to determine whether stimulus location (central or peripheral) or eye viewing condition (binocular, dominant monocular, or non-dominant monocular) had a greater magnitude of effect on perception of the sound-induced flash illusion (SIFI). Both the fission illusion (when one flash paired with two beeps is perceived as two flashes) and the fusion illusion (when two flashes paired with one beep are perceived as one flash) were measured in all location and eye viewing conditions. Analyses revealed significant fission and fusion illusions in all conditions. Additionally, we found significant differences in central and peripheral criterion levels that were driven by differences between binocular and monocular viewing conditions. Data analyses demonstrated that location of the visual stimulus had a greater magnitude of effect on the illusion than eye viewing condition. Our findings add to the growing literature supporting the mechanisms underlying central-peripheral eccentricity, and contradict the optimal integration model of the SIFI. The implications of these results would help better our understanding of the SIFI and audiovisual integration. Future studies must be conducted to confirm these results in a more representative sample.
¿Qué es la cultura? Sistemas de gente, lugares, y prácticas
Authors: Causadias José M.
Published: October 2020

La cultura es un concepto difuso sin límites fijos, teniendo un significado diferente de acuerdo a cada situación. Para enfrentar este problema, propongo un modelo-p para entender la cultura como un sistema de gente, lugares, y prácticas, con un propósito como afianzar, justificar, o resistir el poder. La gente hace referencia a dinámicas poblacionales, relaciones sociales, y cultura en grupos. Los lugares hacen referencia a dinámicas ecológicas, influencias institucionales, y cultura en contextos. Las prácticas hacen referencia a las dinámicas participativas, implicación comunitaria, y cultura en acción. El poder hace referencia a forzar a otros a obedecer (poder-sobre la gente), controlar el acceso a espacios (poder-en lugares), y actuar como es deseado (poder-para practicar). Uso el ejemplo del racismo para ilustrar el modelo-p y proponer aplicaciones en teoría, investigación, e intervención en ciencias aplicadas del desarrollo humano.
Eating for wellness: Development, analysis, comparison and discussion of meal plans based on the Mediterranean and vegetarian dietary patterns
Authors: Economou Anastasia
Published: October 2020

Obesity has become a world-wide epidemic with three billion people being overweight (World Health Organisation, 2014). The solution offered is dieting, with different experts advocating different diets. However, it has been observed over time that diets may work for losing some weight initially but not in the long term or, they might work for some individuals but not others. This points to the multifactorial influence (genetic, biological, epigenetic) on weight loss and management, and therefore the approach should be individualised – one size does not fit all (Smethers and Rolls, 2018). In this report, an individualised approach is taken for a hypothetical client, Claudia, who is a 38 years old female in good health who wants to lose weight. She will be offered diet plans based on the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and the Vegetarian diet (VEG) according to Eat Well Guide (EWG) so she can choose which diet plan meets best her needs. The diet plans were put through the Nutritics software for further analysis of composition and comparison (see Appendix). It is important that there is a balanced intake of the main nutrients i.e. carbohydrates, proteins and fats, which the report further discusses alongside the two diet plans.
Cross-country and gender differences in factors associated with the decline in adolescents’ life satisfaction
Authors: Marquez Jose , Inchley Joanna , Long Emily
Published: October 2020

Adolescent subjective well-being, including life satisfaction, has shown declines across many countries in recent years. Although several possible explanatory factors have been identified, there is a lack of research on whether these may be similar or different across countries. Using data on 15-year-old adolescents from the Programme for International Student Assessment study in Scotland, England, Wales, Northern Ireland, the United States, Japan, Ireland and France in 2015 and 2018, we find that changes in school well-being and, to a lesser extent, the use of Information and Communication Technologies and material well-being were associated with observed declines in life satisfaction. Although there are similarities across some countries, cross-country differences in factors associated with decreasing life satisfaction emerged, notably between Western nations and Japan, with some gender differences also evident.
A global decline in adolescents’ subjective well-being: a comparative study exploring patterns of change in the life satisfaction of 15-year-old students in 46 countries
Authors: Marquez Jose , Long Emily
Published: October 2020

There is a growing body of research that demonstrates declines in subjective well-being and increases in mental health problems among children and young people in recent decades. However, there is little comparative research examining changes in adolescents’ life satisfaction (LS) across a large number of countries, and critically, how this differs across sociodemographic groups. This study addresses this question by investigating changes in the LS of 15-year-old students between 2015 and 2018, with particular attention given to differences by gender, socio-economic status, immigrant background and urbanity. Data for this study come from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). Due to the skewed nature of LS scale variables, the current study includes both mean levels of LS in a 0 to 10 scale, and the proportion of students reporting low LS (5 points or less). Linear regression models were used. Results demonstrate a global decline in mean levels of LS in 39 out of the 46 countries. In most countries, mean LS declined more among girls than among boys. Mean LS declined more, and the proportion of students reporting low LS increased more, among non-immigrant students and those of higher SES in the majority of countries. Findings regarding rural or urban communities were mixed. We advise that heterogeneity across all sociodemographic groups needs to be accounted for in public policy efforts to increase LS among young people.
Mental Health and Economic Concerns from March to May during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Canada
Authors: Zajacova Anna , Jehn Anthony , Stackhouse Matthew , Choi Kate H. , Denice Patrick , Haan Michael , Ramos Howard
Published: October 2020

Background The COVID-19 pandemic impacted the psychological wellbeing of populations worldwide. In this study, we assess changes in mental health during the early months of the pandemic in Canada and examine its relationship with another prominent problem during this time, economic concerns. MethodsAnalyses were based on two nationally representative cross-sectional surveys from the Canadian Perspectives Survey Series (N=4,627 in March and 4,600 in May). We described the changes in mental health and economic concerns between March and May, and assessed the relationship between the two characteristics.ResultsMental health declined significantly during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic: the proportion of Canadian adults who reported only good/fair/poor mental health grew from 46% to 52% from March to May. Economic concerns including food insecurity were an important correlate of ‘bad’ mental health, as was younger age, female gender, and Canada-born status. Contrary to expectations, however, economic concerns lessened during this time frame. ConclusionsThese findings suggest that policies to mitigate economic stress, such as Canada’s Emergency Response Benefit, may have eased mental health deterioration in early pandemic months through a reduction in financial hardship. Interventions to increase the economic security of the population will have far-reaching consequences in terms of improved mental health, and should be continued throughout the pandemic.
Differential privacy in the 2020 Census will distort COVID-19 rates
Authors: Hauer Mathew , Santos-Lozada Alexis R
Published: October 2020

Scientists and policy makers rely on accurate population and mortality data to inform efforts regarding the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, with age-specific mortality rates of high importance due to the concentration of COVID-19 deaths at older ages. Population counts – the principal denominators for calculating age-specific mortality rates – will be subject to noise infusion in the United States with the 2020 Census via a disclosure avoidance system based on differential privacy. Using COVID-19 mortality curves from the CDC, we show that differential privacy will introduce substantial distortion in COVID-19 mortality rates – sometimes causing mortality rates to exceed 100\% -- hindering our ability to understand the pandemic. This distortion is particularly large for population groupings with fewer than 1000 persons – 40\% of all county-level age-sex groupings and 60\% of race groupings. The US Census Bureau should consider a larger privacy budget and data users should consider pooling data to increase population sizes to minimize differential privacy’s distortion.
Burden of disease methods: a guide to calculate COVID-19 disability-adjusted life years
Authors: Wyper Grant Mark Andrew , Assunção Ricardo MA , Colzani Edoardo , Grant Ian , Haasgma Juanita A , Lagerweij Giske , Von der Lippe Elena , McDonald Scott A , Pires Sara M , Porst Michael , Speybroek Niko , Devleesschauwer Brecht
Published: October 2020

Our paper provides a step-by-step guide to define COVID-19 as a cause of disease burden, which can be used to calculate DALYs. Additionally, we suggest pragmatic data inputs, reflecting the availability and quality of data inputs will vary by country. As our paper provides suggestions for different solutions, we recommend that users should be clear about their methodological choices to aid comparisons and knowledge translation.
Pain trends among American adults 2002-2018: Patterns, disparities, and correlates
Authors: Zajacova Anna , Grol-Prokopcyzk Hanna , Zimmer Zachary
Published: October 2020

Determining long-term trends in chronic pain prevalence is critical for evaluating and shaping US health policies, but little research has examined such trends. This study (1) provides estimates of pain trends among US adults across major population groups; (2) tests whether sociodemographic disparities in pain have widened or narrowed over time; and (3) examines socioeconomic, behavioral, psychological, and medical correlates of pain trends. Regression and decomposition analyses of joint, low-back, neck, migraine, and jaw/facial pain using the 2002-2018 National Health Interview Survey for adults aged 25-84 (N=441,707) assess the trends and their correlates. We find extensive escalation of pain prevalence in all population subgroups: overall, reports of pain in at least one site increased by 10%, representing an additional 10.5 million adults experiencing pain. Socioeconomic disparities are widening over time, and psychological distress and health behaviors are among the salient correlates of the trends. This study thus comprehensively documents rising pain prevalence among Americans across the adult life span and highlights socioeconomic, behavioral, and psychological factors as important correlates of the trends. Chronic pain is an important dimension of population health and demographic research should include it when studying health and health disparities.
Using memories to assess the intrapersonal comparability of wellbeing reports
Authors: Kaiser Caspar
Published: October 2020

Research on subjective wellbeing typically assumes that responses to survey questions are comparable across respondents and across time. Unfortunately, if this assumption is violated, standard methods in empirical research may mislead. I address this concern with three contributions. First, I give a theoretical analysis of the extent and direction of bias that may result from violations of this assumption. Second, I propose to use respondents’ memories of changes in life satisfaction to estimate and thereby to correct for differentials in scale use. Third, using the proposed approach, I test whether wellbeing reports are intrapersonally comparable across time. Using British panel data, I find that the direction in which explanatory variables affect latent satisfaction is typically the same as the direction in which scale use is affected. Unemployment and widowhood appear to have particularly strong effects on scale use. Nevertheless, scale shifts are generally not large enough to affect the sign or statistical significance of estimates based on models that do not account for scale shifts. Finally, although discussed in the context of life satisfaction scales, the proposed approach is applicable to a wide range of other subjectively reported constructs.
Potential of Crop Residues for Energy Production in Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Narayan Prasad , Denich Manfred
Published: October 2020

The study aims at assessing the availability of crop residues for energy production in lowland, hill and mountain districts of Nepal. Rice, wheat, maize, millet and barley are included in the study that is based upon two different household surveys: (i) interviews conducted in 240 households to obtain key information about practices of crop harvesting, (ii) determination of the quantity of the main crops, their residues and alternative uses of the latter conducted in 27 households. Apart from the foremost use as fodder, there are five major uses of crop residues: building material, burning on the field, mulching of the field, selling and energy generation. Despite the higher amount of crop residues in the lowland (954 kg dry matter per capita and year) than in the hill district (547 kg capita-1 yr-1 ), the amount of crop residues used for energy generation higher in the hill (207 kg capita-1 yr-1 ) than in the lowland district (152 kg capita-1 yr-1 ). In the mountain district, the crop residue production is 263 kg capita-1 yr-1 , of which 26 kg capita-1 yr-1 are used for energy generation. The annual per capita energy equivalent from crop residues in the lowland, hills and mountains are 2.49 GJ, 3.42 GJ and 0.44 GJ which represent 30%, 33% and 3%, respectively, of the total annual cooking energy consumption.
Impact of Climate Change on Wind Energy Generation in Kagbeni, Nepal using RegCM
Authors: Adhikari Neeraj , Shrestha Kundan Lal
Published: October 2020

Renewable energies, the promising technologies for the mitigation of climate change, are strongly climate dependent. This research was done to study the impact of climate change on energy generation from wind resources in Kagbeni, Nepal, where the present wind speed and wind power density at 75 m agl are 8.15 m/s and 851 W/m2 respectively.

In this research, RegCM-4.4.1 regional climate model was used to downscale the future wind resources with a resolution of 10 km x 10 km. The model was validated in the region using five year observed wind resources from 2001-2005 and further it was used to downscale the wind resources for time period of 2030-2050 using HadGEM2 GCM output of scenario RCP 4.5.

This research predicts a 5.3% increase in the wind speed with 13.4% increase in the wind power density at 75 m agl for the time period of 2030-2050. The turbine selected was SUZLON S-52 having hub height of 75 m with 600 KW power rating. The capacity factor of the turbine for the time period of 2030-2050 increases by 15% compared to base year 2001-2005.
Current Status of Small/Micro Hydropower in Nepal: A Case Study of Giringdi SHP
Authors: Agrawal Saurabh , Pandey Roshan
Published: October 2020

Nepal has economically exploitable hydropower potential of about 42,000 Megawatts out of which only about 2% has been harnessed so far. Nepal’s average annual per capita electricity consumption is about 161 kWh- one of the lowest consumptions in South Asia. Electrical energy available for the fiscal year 2016/2017 was 6257 GWh, of which NEA’s own contribution was only 36.84% whereas those imported from India and local IPPs accounted for 34.76% and 28.40% respectively. Despite its vast hydropower potential, Nepal suffers from severe and long-lasting electricity supply crisis. The main objective of the study was to assess the current status of small/micro hydropower in Nepal through a case study of Giringdi SHP (75 kW), considered as an example of excellence in small/micro hydropower. Analysis was done based on the primary data that was accumulated via questionnaires, simple observation, and direct on-site testing of components. It was found that the condition of plant with regard to installed major equipment like turbine, generator, Electronic Load Controller (ELC), control valves, panel board and other electrical parameters were only satisfactory while the working condition of other components like bearings, shaft and couplings were considerably poor. Even the condition of one of the best sites, seemed to be satisfactory reflecting the frequency of maintenance and policies in rural off-grid/not connected region. Thus, this all shows that the government policy for off grid/ not connection in comparison with pre-connection and post-connection strategy regarding national electrification plan needs to be revised and rethought for future development and growth of this sector.
Power Generation and Regional Collaboration in South Asia
Authors: Alam Firoz , Sarkar Rashid , Alam Quamrul
Published: October 2020

Inadequate power generation and supply are considered to be the main hindrance of economic development and prosperity in South Asia. Limited indigenous energy resource of each South Asian nation is not suitable to generate sufficient power. Moreover, the availability of limited indigenous energy resources differs among South Asian nations. The power demand and power generation capacity notably vary among the countries due to seasonal variability. This paper highlights the need for a collective effort to develop mechanism for the utilisation of limited resources and enhance the cross-border power trade among South Asian nations. Bilateral and multi-lateral cooperation will allow overcoming regional power shortage and augmenting collective energy security.
Assessing the Role of Modal Shift in Minimizing Transport Energy Consumption, a Case Study of Kathmandu Valley
Authors: Bajracharya Ashim , Shrestha Sudha
Published: October 2020

With rapid growing economies and population, there is an increasing trend of expansion of urban sprawl and auto-mobilization, in the cities of the Kathmandu Valley. With the rise in travel demand, transport energy is becoming a major concern for planners and policymakers. This paper aims to study the transport energy of daily trips that constitute work and educational trips, in context of the Kathmandu Valley. The study demonstrates the applicability of a 4-step travel demand model for the assessment of energy-saving measures in urban transport system by formulating scenarios. The results show that currently, daily trips consume 3666 TJ annually. Cars and motorcycles contribute to most of the consumption, accounting for over 80% of the total transport energy. As a mitigation measure to reduce transport energy, the introduction of the efficient public transport system in the form of Bus Rapid Transit System (BRTS) along major corridors, could bring down transport energy consumption significantly. The paper concludes with the essence, to address the need for modal shift to the mass transit system, as a step towards the minimization of transport energy.
Comparison of Energy Efficiency of traditional Brick Wall and Inco- Panel Wall: A Case Study of Hotel Sarowar in Pokhara
Authors: Bhattarai Bishnu Hari , Pahari Bharat Raj , Maharjan Sanjeev
Published: October 2020

Energy efficiency is understood to mean the utilization of energy in the most cost-effective manner to carry out process or provide a service, whereby energy waste is minimized, and the overall consumption of primary energy resources is reduced. Various measures can be employed to attain energy efficiency in building such as reducing demands for heating, cooling, lighting, consumption for office equipment and appliances demand, reducing energy requirement for ventilation, using energy efficient building materials.

An energy efficient home is designed to keep out the wind and rain while reducing energy waste. Modern homes are built with variety of different materials. They are no longer built using only bricks and mortar. A wide variety of energy efficient building materials are now available. Recycled Steel, Insulating Concrete Forms, Plant-based Polyurethane Foam, Straw Bales, Structural Insulated Panels, Plastic Composite Lumber, Vacuum Insulation Panels, Inco-panel are among alternatives available.

Among those various wall materials, energy performance analysis in terms of heating and cooling load is done in this thesis. For this study, under construction Hotel Sarowar is chosen for analysis. This study compares heat transfer on the building when Inco-panel is used as wall material and conventional brick masonry is used as wall material. The heat transfers through those walls are calculated using MS Excel and ANSYS Software.
Effect of Photoanodes on the Performance of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Chatterjee Suman , Karki Indra Bahadur
Published: October 2020

Dye sensitized Solar cell (DSSC) is a photo-electrochemical system which converts solar energy into electrical energy. In the present era DSSCs takes so much attention because of their considerably high efficiencies at a comparably low production cost. The nanostructured electrode plays a vital role in device properties. Originally, the nanostructured TiO2 were widely used as DSSC electrodes. Further, nanostructured ZnO has shown a great deal of research interest as the electrode material in DSSCs due to some of its fascinating properties. Compared to other semiconductors, it has unique properties such as large exciton binding energy, wide band gap, high breakdown strength, cohesion and exciton stability. In this paper, the construction and electron transport mechanism of DSSCs devices are described and a comparison of performances of DSSCs fabricated with ZnO or TiO2 photo electrodes was made in terms of its device parameters. This is further correlated with the band structure & density of states (DOS) of ZnO and TiO2 using Density functional theory (DFT) and finally the photovoltaic performance of ZnO and TiO2 based DSSCs was discussed to elucidate the differences.
Thermal Performance of Nepalese Building- A Case Study of Dhulikhel and Biratnagar
Authors: Chaulagain Nischal , Baral Bivek , Bista Saurav Raj
Published: October 2020

Nepal has wide variation in altitude, so does its climate, lifestyle and housing. The building design code issued by the Government of Nepal does not address the issue of thermal comfort, which could be the reason the modern buildings built under the design code are performing poorly in terms of indoor thermal comfort. As a result, people have largely compromised in accommodation. The research includes selection of two representative buildings (at Biratnagar and Dhulikhel) followed by real time monitoring of indoor climate (temperature and Relative humidity). The logged data was used to calibrate the computer model. The model was approximated to real scenario including indoor heat loads from people, lighting, electric equipment and infiltration. Building energy modeling was done in EnergyPlus. The research work depicts the thermal performance of building by comparing the indoor climate of selected buildings of Biratnagar and Dhulikhel with the ASHARE suggested thermal comfort level for humans. The major problem found in the buildings of Biratnagar was overheating for more than 6 months period while for Dhulikhel was under heating for more than 4 months period. The author suggests further research to analyze passive techniques to improve thermal performance and reduce active energy consumption.
Comparison of Energy Efficiency Between Macro and Micro Base Stations Using Energy Saving Strategy
Authors: Dahal Madhu Sudan , Shrestha Jagan Nath , Shakya Shree Raj
Published: October 2020

To meet the subscribers ever increasing traffic demand, micro and macro base stations are being deployed excessively. As the traffic pattern varies according to the user's behavior, the deployment of micro and macro base stations plays a vital role in saving energy while maintaining the traffic demand of the subscribers. A macro base station consumes more than double the energy than a micro base station. Due to the space and time characteristics of the traffic, the BS cannot allocate resources effectively, which results in wasting energy consumption and low energy efficiency. Therefore, energy saving through deployment of base stations play a significant role to increase the energy efficiency. In this paper, the user traffic pattern is determined and the resources needed to fulfill the traffic are analyzed and finally the deployment strategies for the base stations are formulated.

Since the base stations are fully loaded only for few hours a day, energy saving on the stations during low traffic will be significant. The energy saving schemes saved up to 18.8 % of energy in macro and 26.9 % of energy in micro BS. So, it would be more efficient to implement a heterogeneous network with more micro cells with energy saving schemes than just macro base stations.