bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MEDICAL-SOCIAL SUBSTANTIATION OF THE DIRECTIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF THE REGIONAL CENTRE OF CARDIOLOGY ON THE PRINCIPLES OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (on the example of Kyiv region)
Authors: Ivaniuk Anatolii V.
Published: September 2024

Introduction. The transformation of our country's healthcare system is impossible without quality medical reform. One of the reform's starting directions is improving the provision of cardiac care to the population.
Aim. Medical and social substantiation of directions for developing a conceptual model of a regional cardiology centre based on the principles of public-private partnership (on the example of the Kyiv region).
Materials and methods. Data from state and industry statistical reports of healthcare institutions of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine and data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, as well as materials from a sociological survey of cardiologists and patients and a survey of 31 experts (highly qualified health care organizers) conducted according to specially developed programs) were the materials in this study. The research used complex methods: systematic approach and analysis, synthesis, generalization, interpretation, medical-statistical and sociological method, expert assessment and conceptual modelling method.
Results. Stable high levels of circulatory system disease prevalence among the adult population of the Kyiv region and differences depending on different age groups, increase in the mortality rate due to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the studied time intervals and the mortality rate of cardiac patients were established. At the same time, there was a decrease in the level of hospitalization of patients along with a decrease in the average number of beds for the treatment of cardiology patients; there were no significant changes in the staffing indicators of health centres of the Kyiv region, which provide cardiac medical care to patients with CVD in 2018-2022. However, there was an increase in the number of cardiovascular surgeon positions for the adult population of the Kyiv region in 2020 by 12.9%, and then a decrease of 7.01% in 2021. The insufficient resource provision of healthcare facilities in which cardiac medical care is provided as evidenced by a significant decrease in the coverage of echocardiography in the study, despite the reform of the network of healthcare facilities in the region. The results of the survey of patients and cardiology specialists revealed significant levels of dissatisfaction with the possibilities of providing and receiving quality cardiology care.
Conclusions. A range of problems in the field of providing high-quality cardiac care to the population was determined on the example of the Kyiv region, and a strategy with phased and complex steps to solve the most acute problematic issues was proposed with the proposed project of the Strategic Plan for the development of the regional system of cardiac care for the population of the region for the period 2024-2029.
Elimination of phenol by sonoelctrochemical process utilizing graphite, stainless steel, and titanium anodes: optimization by taguchi approach
Authors: Nsaif Hind Jabbar , Majeed Najwa Saber , Salman Rasha H. , Abed Khalid M.
Published: September 2024

Phenol is one of the worst-damaging organic pollutants, and it produces a variety of very poisonous organic intermediates, thus it is important to find efficient ways to eliminate it. One of the promising techniques is sonoelectrochemical processing. However, the type of electrodes, removal efficiency, and process cost are the biggest challenges. The main goal of the present study is to investigate the removal of phenol by a sonoelectrochemical process with different anodes, such as graphite, stainless steel, and titanium. The best anode performance was optimized by using the Taguchi approach with an L16 orthogonal array. the degradation of phenol sonoelectrochemically was investigated with three process parameters: current density (CD) (25, 50, 75, and 100 mA/cm2), time (1, 2, 3, 4 h), and phenol concentration (100, and 200 mg/l). Signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were utilized to examine the impact of each factor. The optimal conditions for phenol removal were 100 mA/cm2, 100 mg/l of phenol, and 4 hours of electrolysis. Under optimal operating conditions, the phenol removal efficiency was 80.99%. The CD was the most influential factor on phenol elimination effectiveness, while the phenol concentration had the least impact.
Using well log data to predict rock compressibility and elasticity in Zubair formation/ southern of Iraq
Authors: Nather Hiba Alaa Al-Deeen , Abdul-Majeed Rwaida Kaiser , F. Mukhtar Yasir M.
Published: September 2024

The mechanical characteristics of rocks such as elasticity (Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, and unconfined compressive strength) play an essential in sand production analysis, well design, and borehole stability assessment. In this study, the mechanical characteristics of rocks were indirectly estimated using gamma ray, density, and acoustic (compressional and shear) log data from well RU-X in the Rumaila oil field, specifically for the Zubair Formation. These estimated properties were compared to direct measurements obtained from triaxial and uniaxial mechanical tests conducted on well RU-X. The results showed a significant similarity between the indirect estimates and the direct measurements, indicating their reliability for sand production analysis and their valuable contribution to constructing the geomechanical model. Moreover, the static profile of Poisson's ratio was validated using laboratory core test results, demonstrating reasonable agreement. The validation process involved comparing laboratory-derived measurements with actual field measurements in the Zubair Formation. The higher Poisson's ratio observed in the shale was attributed to the slower propagation of acoustic waves, resulting in a good matching with an R2 value of 0.77.  On the other hand, the lower Young's modulus in the shaly formations indicated lower resistance to deformation, with a comparative ratio of R²=0.96. Static measurements, which consider various influencing factors, provide a more realistic representation of rock behavior under different conditions. Regarding unconfined compressive strength, the comparative ratio was R²=0.83.
Prone transpsoas lateral interbody fusion with retractor-mounted camera and heads-up display: illustrative case
Authors: Sulhan Suraj , Sellin Jonathan N
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

The prone transpsoas (PTP) technique involves the performance of a lateral lumbar interbody fusion with the patient prone. One challenge encountered in the early experience with the PTP technique is that with the patient in the prone position rather than the lateral decubitus position, the surgeon is often forced to raise the bed significantly and perform the interbody work in a hunched and seated position with their neck extended and shoulders abducted. The authors report on the use of a sterile retractor-mounted camera during PTP that allows for the surgery to be performed with surgical anatomy visualized on a heads-up display.

OBSERVATIONS

The PTP procedure is performed without significant modification from standard practice. After the self-retaining retractor is inserted, a sterile retractor-mounted camera can be introduced down one of the blades of the self-retaining retractor, preferably the dorsally situated blade to avoid camera line-of-sight issues with dependent irrigation or bleeding.

The surgical field can now be visualized on a high-definition monitor, allowing the surgeon to stand at the patient’s side instead of sitting.

LESSONS

A sterile retractor-mounted camera with a heads-up display is a novel way to address ergonomic challenges as well as improve educational opportunities in the operating room.

https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24318
Giant pituitary macroadenoma with apoplexy presenting with isolated bilateral hypoglossal nerve palsy: illustrative case
Authors: Zaher Mazen , Kolmetzky Devin W , Al-Atrache Zein , Vimawala Swar , Kolia Nadeem R , Godil Saniya S
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Giant pituitary prolactinomas are rare entities that can present with pituitary apoplexy and acute neurological decline. Isolated acute hypoglossal nerve palsy is an extremely rare presentation that is not well described in the literature. The authors describe the case of a giant prolactin-secreting adenoma with apoplexy that presented with isolated bilateral hypoglossal palsy, followed by a brief review of the literature and management strategies.

OBSERVATIONS

A 62-year-old female with a history of neck pain presented after a syncopal episode with dysarthria and dysphagia attributed to bilateral hypoglossal nerve palsies. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a giant apoplectic pituitary tumor with extensive suprasellar and clival extension, including clear invasion of bilateral occipital condyles on computed tomography. The patient underwent urgent endoscopic transsphenoidal decompression and debulking of her tumor and was started on medical therapy with immediate, significant improvement in the bilateral hypoglossal nerve palsies.

LESSONS

Prolactinomas presenting with acute neurological decline, including bilateral hypoglossal nerve palsy, can benefit from urgent endoscopic transsphenoidal surgical decompression and safe debulking. Bilateral condylar tumor invasion may not always require craniocervical surgical fixation in the acute setting. Patients should be followed up and monitored clinically and radiographically for any signs of craniocervical instability after the initiation of medical therapy.

https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24326
ФІНАНСОВА СТІЙКІСТЬ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА: ЕВОЛЮЦІЯ СУТІ ПОНЯТТЯ ТА МЕТОДІВ ОЦІНЮВАННЯ
Authors: Зубілевич Світлана
Published: September 2024

Статтю присвячено дослідженню еволюції тлумачення сутності поняття «фінансова стійкість» протягом останніх 10 років, його взаємозв’язку з такими поняттями як «безперервність діяльності», «сталий розвиток». Зміст фінансової стійкості набирає сьогодні нового значення, адже українські підприємства повинні виявити фінансову стійкість під час війни, щоб бути здатними до сталого розвитку в цих надскладних умовах та забезпечити майбутню розбудову України. Висловлена гіпотеза, що поняття фінансової стійкості, яке пов’язане з концепцією збереження фінансового капіталу, як комплексної категорії, в сучасній економіці трансформується у складову поняття резильєнтності на мікрорівні та органічно вписується в концепцію мультикапітальності. Проведене дослідження поглядів вітчизняних та закордоннихвчених на систему показників фінансової звітності, фінансових коефіцієнтів, які використовуються при оцінюванні фінансової стійкості, поміж іншими платоспроможності, в процесі управління фінансовою стійкістю. Джерелом розрахунку всіх цих показників є фінансова звітність. Обґрунтовано, що при підтриманні ідей сталого розвитку дляоцінювання резильєнтності слід буде використовувати взаємопов’язані показники, які характеризуватимуть стійкість всіх капіталів підприємства, відображених у його інтегрованій звітності.
ПОКРАЩЕННЯ ДОКУМЕНТНО-КОМУНІКАЦІЙНОЇ ВЗАЄМОДІЇ ОРГАНІВ ПУБЛІЧНОЇ ВЛАДИ І СУСПІЛЬСТВА В КОРНИНСЬКІЙ СІЛЬСЬКІЙ РАДІ
Authors: Корбутяк Віктор , Романчук Оксана
Published: September 2024

У статті розглянуто Корнинську сільську раду та проведено аналіз ефективності документно-комунікаційної взаємодії органів влади і суспільства – населення громади. Зроблено відповідні висновки на основі яких побудовано пропозиції, щодо покращення комунікаційної взаємодії органів публічної влади з населенням громади. Зроблено висновки, що комплексна стратегія спрямована на активізацію взаємодії та створення відкритого та взаєморозуміючого середовища, де громада та органи влади спільно працюють над розвитком сільської території. Систематична оцінка та адаптація стратегії дозволять враховувати зміни у потребах громади та ефективно впроваджувати нові ідеї та технології.
РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ТРУДОВИХ ВІДНОСИН В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ: ЗАКОНОДАВЧІ ЗМІНИ
Authors: Самолюк Наталія , Юрчик Галина
Published: September 2024

Узагальнено перелік ухвалених і змінених законодавчих актів у сфері регулювання трудових відносин та ринку праці в умовах воєнного стану. Розглянуто законодавчі зміни у сфері регулювання трудових відносин у розрізі таких складових як укладання трудового договору, зміна істотних умов праці, переведення працівників, припинення трудового договору з ініціативи працівника та роботодавця, призупинення дії трудового договору, робочий час, час відпочинку, оплата праці, колективні договори, діяльність профспілок. Доведено, що переважна більшість наведених змін відповідають викликам воєнного стану. Досліджено законодавчі зміни у сфері регулювання ринку праці та соціального захисту безробітних в частині програм компенсації ЄСВ та виплати допомоги по безробіттю. Визначено, що переважна більшість змін у відповідній сфері спрямовані на підвищення ефективності використання та економію коштів Фонду безробіття.
МІЖНАРОДНА ТА ВІТЧИЗНЯНА ПРАКТИКА ПІДТРИМКИ ВЕТЕРАНСЬКОГО БІЗНЕСУ
Authors: Самолюк Наталія , Юрчик Галина , Міщук Вікторія
Published: September 2024

Війна в Україні, яка суттєво масштабувалася з лютого 2022 року, призвела до значного збільшення чисельності ветеранів війни за рахунок учасників бойових дій (в т.ч. з інвалідністю), які брали участь у відсічі й стримуванні збройної агресії РФ від 2014 року. Тож на сьогодні актуалізується питання їх соціальної адаптації та повернення до  мирного життя. Як показує міжнародний досвід, державне сприяння у працевлаштуванні та самозайнятості ветеранів є одним зі стратегічних напрямів соціальної підтримки ветеранів загалом, адже дозволяє розвивати малий та середній бізнес, частково зменшуючи навантаження на фінансування соціальної сфери.
Аналіз найкращих практик застосування ветеранських політик в світі показує, як можна ефективно використати потенціал учасників бойових дій, котрі повертаються з фронту додому. І одним із таких напрямів є саме створення умов для започаткування та розвитку ветеранського бізнесу. У США, Великій Британії, Канаді, Хорватії існують власні інструменти та стратегії підтримки ветеранського бізнесу, які є ефективними та показовими для наслідування.  Наприклад, в міжнародній практиці актуальними є програми професійної адаптації ветеранів, що стимулюють відкриття власної справи та надання пільг на франчайзинг. Однак, сліпо імплементувати чужий успіх неможливо, адже є суттєві відмінності у менталітеті населення та економічному розвитку різних країн. Для України було б доцільно поєднати різні інструменти ветеранських політик різних розвинених країн.
EVALUATION OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION PROCESSES IN THE ORGANIZATION OF BEAUTY SALON ACTIVITIES
Authors: Vavdiiuk Natalia , Konstankevych Igor , Horodnіuk Mariia
Published: September 2024

The theoretical foundations of the digital transformation of management in the organization were studied, and the performance evaluation indicators were characterized.The conducted data analysis confirms the hypothesis of an increase in the profitability of the organization from the digital transformation of management. It was established that the profit of the organization in the field of beauty increased by 9,300 USD during 2022–2023, and the average growth rate is 13.3%, while spending on digital transformation of management increased by 7.1%. This suggests that spending on digital tools grew at a slower rate compared to revenue growth of 1.9 times. It was found that with the increase in the volume of services, variable costs increase proportionally, and fixed costs for digitalmanagement transformation remain relatively unchanged, therefore, the increase in profit with a change in the volume of provided beauty services increased.Recommendations for improving the implementation of the strategy of digitized solutions have been formulated.
The Hungarian Retail Sales Tax in the Changing EU Context
Authors: Lovas Dóra
Published: September 2024

In the last twenty years, Hungary has had three periods of special taxes (introduced as a result of the crises), but before and after 2010, and after the recession following the COVID-19 epidemic and the Russian-Ukrainian war, there were different legal policy reasons behind special taxes (including the retail sales tax). This raises questions as to whether the regulatory solutions implemented to address market failures during the first period are playing the same role today as they did in the past, and how their role has changed over the years. The introduced taxes often remain part of the general tax system, i.e. they are applied on a permanent basis (rather than on a temporary basis, as is usual with special taxes), and in 2023 they already accounted for almost 14% of total tax revenue (a higher proportion than, for example, corporate tax), which puts their role in the tax system in a different light. The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has repeatedly examined the EU framework, but it appears that the control has been weakened, mainly due to the impact of the current crises. At the same time, the Hungarian Constitutional Court is bound by the limits of the debt brake when examining the constitutional framework. The study explores the regulation of the Hungarian retail sales tax and its EU context, in particular with regard to the changes triggered by the crises.
The introduced taxes often remain part of the general tax system, i.e. they are not applied on a temporary basis, and in 2023 they already accounted for almost 14% of total tax revenue (a higher rate than, for example, corporate tax), which puts their place in the tax system in a different light. The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has repeatedly examined the EU framework, but it appears that the control has been weakened, mainly due to the impact of the current crises, while the Hungarian Constitutional Court is bound by the limits of the debt brake when examining the constitutional framework.The study deals with the regulation of the Hungarian retail sales tax and its EU context, in particular with regard to the changes induced by the crises.
The Role of Local Government in the Process of the Brownfield Regeneration – Case Study of Košice , Slovakia
Authors: Džuňová Jana , Douša Milan , Koreňová Darina
Published: September 2024

Many enterprises were created during the process and steps of societal changes related to industrialization. Currently, we are undergoing further development and again changes, during which the established enterprises have been closed, and unused spaces have been left behind. The issue of brownfields is increasingly becoming more and more relevant. It is in everyone’s interest to use the potential of any area at the highest possible level. Brownfields offer several opportunities for overall revitalization using existing buildings. The main aim of this article is to analyze the status and possibilities of revitalizing brownfields in the city of Košice from a local government perspective. It also includes an optimal global model that covers the basic elements of subprocesses necessary for the local government’s revitalization of brownfields. The research results illustrate that identifying these objects generates a wealth of new information useful in understanding the current state of brownfields in Košice. This new knowledge can subsequently contribute to the quality of public administration’s public space management, the redevelopment of urban sites, and the improvement of urban life for everyone.
Crack patterns in masonry structures using phase field method
Authors: Hai Nhu Nguyen Thi , Binh Tran Anh
Published: September 2024

This work aims to study the crack pattern in masonry-like structures by a simplified description of the mediumusing a variational damage model. In literature, when modeling fractures in masonry structures, capturingboth fracture types, cracks in units, and cracks at the interface simultaneously, usually requires a complicated scheme. The phase-field method has been widely used recently because of its robustness in capturing variousfracture types. In this work, we consider the mortar and the interface (between the mortar and units) as a thickinterface layer with pseudo-material properties. We conduct numerical tests on a bending beam and a tensilewall using strategies of material properties with a phase field model. As it is not distinguished the crack in themortar and the brick-mortar interface, it is shown in this work that both types of fracture, in the thick interfacelayer and the unit, can be captured just using the phase field method and the simplified micro model.
Tubulin Homologs in Bacteria and Archaea
Authors: Rumyantseva N. A. , Golofeeva D. M. , Khasanova A. A. , Vedyaykin A. D.
Published: September 2024

While cytoskeletal proteins have long been considered to be present only in eukaryotes, but not in prokaryotes, homologs of the major cytoskeletal proteins, including tubulin, have been discovered in bacteria and archaea in the last 30 years. The properties of tubulin homologs, as well as of the cytoskeleton-like structures they form in prokaryotic cells, vary and differ significantly from the relevant properties of eukaryotic tubulins. The comparison of prokaryotic tubulin homologs with each other seems therefore to be an interesting task and thus is the goal of the current review. We consider such tubulin homologs found in bacteria and archaea as FtsZ, TubZ, PhuZ, BtubA/BtubB, CetZ, etc. The ability of various tubulin homologs to act as targets for pharmaceuticals, similar to the FtsZ protein, which is already a target for promising antibiotics, is also discussed.
CryoEM Investigation of Three-Dimentional Structure of the Stx-Converting Bacteriophage ϕ24B
Authors: Kuznetsov A. S. , Moiseenko A. V. , Kulikov E. E. , Letarov A. V.
Published: September 2024

A modified method for culturing, concentrating, and purifying phage ϕ24B preparations was developed. In particular, a new lysogenic phage-producing strain lacking flagella was used, induction conditions were optimized, and purification in a sucrose gradient and concentration by deposition on a Freon 113 cushion were used. Using this method, a preparation of the Stx-converting bacteriophage ϕ24B was obtained, which was suitable for direct analysis by the cryoEM method. Based on cryoEM data for this phage, the first primary three-dimensional reconstruction of its virions was performed. The structure of the phage ϕ24B tail is described. It was shown that the adsorption apparatus of this virus is represented by six thin lateral fibrils and an axial fibril located at the end of the tail. This arrangement of the tail structure is consistent with the previously proposed hypothesis based on analysis of the receptor binding proteins (RBPs) of this bacteriophage.
Comparative Genome Analysis and Assessment of the Functional Properties of Streptococcus thermophilus Strains
Authors: Moiseenko K. V. , Glazunova O. A. , Savinova O. S. , Fedorova T. V.
Published: September 2024

Streptococcus thermophilus are commonly used as starter cultures. Search for new safe strains with desired industrial and probiotic properties is an important issue. Complete genome sequencing was carried out, and the main genome characteristics of two new strains, S. thermophilus 16t (Str16t) and 159 (Str159), were determined. In silico analysis of the genomes revealed the absence of transmissible antibiotic resistance genes, virulence genes associated with pathogenicity, and integrated plasmids; gene clusters encoding class I and class II bacteriocin were found. In vitro tests showed phosphatase, peptidase, β-galactosidase, and esterase activity of both strains, as well as their ability to ferment glucose, lactose, sucrose, and ribose. Strain Str16t metabolized mannose as well. Str16t and Str159 are promising strains for application as starter and probiotic cultures.
40Ar/39Ar age of phengite from sandstone of the ophiolite-derived clastic sequence of the basin of the Rassokha River, collision belt of the Chersky Range
Authors: Ledneva G. V. , Travin A. V. , Sychev S. N. , Bazylev B. A. , Rogov A. V. , Sokolov S. D.
Published: September 2024

The Early Permian (275.3 ± 3.1 Ma) 40Ar/39Ar plateau age of detrital mica (Cr-phengite) from clasts in listvenite sandstones of the ophiolite-derived clastic sequence of the Rassokha Terrane of the Chersky Range probably corresponds (or is close) to the time of the formation of listvenites of the provenance (ophiolitic massifs of the range) and restricts the maximum deposition age of clastic rocks. A partial loss of Ar by mica as a result of deformations and postsedimentation transformation of rocks of the ophiolite-derived clastic sequence in the Early Permian is possible but it is less probable.
Platinum-rhenium-osmium isotope systematics of chromitite and native osmium from the Guli Massif (Maimecha-Kotui Province, Russia)
Authors: Malitch K. N. , Puchtel I. S. , Kogarko L. N. , Badanina I. Yu.
Published: September 2024

To gain insight into the source of ore material, this study presents the first Re-Os and Pt-Os isotopic and highly siderophile element (HSE) abundance data for chromitite and osmium minerals from the Guli massif of ultramafic, alkaline rocks and carbonatites located in the Maimecha-Kotui province, Polar Siberia. The study utilized a number of analytical techniques, including electron microprobe analysis, negative thermal ionization mass spectrometry (N-TIMS) and high pressure asher digestion and an isotope dilution-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The HSE concentrations in chromitite samples range from 191 to 866 ppb with a predominance of Ir-group platinum-group elements (PGE) (Os, Ir and Ru) over Pt-group PGE (Rh, Pt and Pd) and Re, which is consistent with their platinum-group mineral control (i. e., Os-Ir alloys and laurite, RuS2) within the chromitite. The Re-Os and Pt-Os isotope data indicate that the HSE budget of the chromitite and osmium minerals from the Guli massif was largely controlled by that of the mantle source, which evolved with long-term near-chondritic Re/Os and Pt/Os ratios; this source is within the range of those for the majority of komatiite and abyssal peridotite sources.
Monitoring the baric modulation of gas concentration in the Baksan Neutrino Observatory tunnel in the Elbrus Region using a differential absorption lidar
Authors: Pershin S. M. , Gordeev E. I. , Grishin M. Ya. , Zavozin V. A. , Makarov V. S. , Lednev N. N. , Ponurovskiy Ya. Ya. , Stavrovskii D. B. , Ushakov A. A. , Kazalov V. V.
Published: September 2024

For the first time, concentrations of gases 12CO2,13CO2, СН4, Н2О and the dynamics of Earth degassing under the changing atmospheric pressure were remotely analyzed using a differential absorption lidar. To reduce the influence of external meteorological factors, the sensing was carried out in a dead-end tunnel of the Baksan Neutrino Observatory of the Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Infographic: On-site provision of family planning services in factory settings in Egypt
Authors: Abdel-Tawab Nahla , Abou El-Fadl Reham , El Khorazaty Noha , Alam Eldin Tarek
Published: September 2024

Under the project titled "Offering Family Planning Services in Factory Settings in Egypt: Examining Feasibility, Acceptability, and Cost," this set of infographics describe the intervention conducted in Alexandria, Egypt, aimed at addressing male and female workers' needs for family planning and reproductive health (FP/RH) information and services. These infographics provide an overview of the intervention components, the results of the quantitative evaluation, as well as the cost and return on investment analysis.
Analisis Usahatani Cabai Merah Besar Menggunakan Mulsa Plastik Hitam Perak Pada Petani Mitra Binamitra Usahatani Hortikultura Multiagro Makmur
Authors: Mayasari Cindy Arlinda , Thoriq Muhammad Daniel , Muarif Muhammad Ferdo , Soejono Djoko , Prabowo Rachmat Udhi
Published: September 2024

Subsektor hortikultura merupakan salah satu subsektor yang penting di Indonesia. Berdasarkan BPS (2021), tanaman hortikultura menjadi salah satu kontributor terbesar pada pendapatan nasional khususnya di sektor pertanian setelah perkebunan. Cabai merah besar (Capsium annum L.) merupakan komoditas hortikultura dengan produksi tertinggi dan terus dibudidayakan di berbagai wilayah Indonesia yang memiliki nilai jual tinggi. Mulsa plastik hitam perak pada usahatani cabai merah besar digunakan sebagai alternatif meningkatkan produksi. Analisis ini digunakan untuk mengetahui besar keuntungan serta kelayakan usahatani untuk terus dijalankan. Manfaat lainnya yaitu untuk mengetahui komponen biaya yang masih dapat ditekan untuk mengurangi biaya produksi tanpa mengurangi hasil atau jumlah produksi. Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada Binamitra Usahatani Hortikultura Multiagro Makmur yang berlokasi di Dusun Cangkring Baru, Desa Cangkring, Kecamatan Jenggawah, Kabupaten Jember. Metode penelitian yang digunakan meliputi kegiatan observasi, wawancara, serta dokumentasi. Analisis dilakukan dengan melakukan perhitungan B/C serta R/C Ratio. Hasil analisis yang diperoleh menunjukkan usahatani yang dilakukan pada petani cabai merah besar mitra bersifat menguntungkan dan layak untuk dijalankan.
Progressive Formalisation of Household Solid Waste Source-Segregation in Khulna City, Bangladesh
Authors: Kadir Swarna Bintay , Islam S.M. Tariqul , Rokibuzzaman S.M. , Srestha Suman Dhun , Bajracharya Reena
Published: September 2024

Integrating circular economy into solid waste management is challenging for the local government authorities in Bangladesh, though its necessity is well recognised. The absence of household waste segregation in overcrowded urban areas is an obstacle for achieving the Sustainable Development Goal of reduced waste generation by 2030. This research in Khulna city found that recyclable and reusable products are separated informally by grassroots people in seven stages, instead of a source. Relevant stakeholders and grassroots people working at different level of solid waste governance were interviewed to find out the current status. The thematic analysis reveals that policy gaps, limited budgets, inadequate facilities, social constraints, behavioural inertia, non-engagement of private organisations and insufficient community participation are significant challenges to circular economy transition. Stakeholders have proposed a series of actions, beginning with proper policy formulation, followed by facility provision, awareness building and enforcement in the event of excessive public ignorance.
САНДЫҚ БАСҚАРУ СТАНОКТАРДЫҢ КӨМЕГІМЕН ТАУ-КЕН-ШАХТА ЖАБДЫҚТАРЫН АВТОМАТТАНДЫРУ
Authors: Тлеген М. , Абдугулова Ж.К. , Кишубаева А. , Кисикова Н. , Шукирова А.
Published: September 2024

Тау-кен өнеркәсібі Қазақстан экономикасының негізгі салаларының бірі болып табылады. Бүгінгі күні елімізде пайдалы қазбалардың көптеген түрлері, соның ішінде көмір, мұнай, газ, мыс, алтын, темір кені және басқа металдар өндіріледі. Жалпы, тау-кен Қазақстан экономикасының маңызды саласы болып табылады және осы саланы одан әрі дамыту экономикалық өсімнің ұлғаюына және жаңа жұмыс орындарының құрылуына әкелуі мүмкін.
Қазақстанның тау-кен өнеркәсібіндегі басты мәселелердің бірі технологиялар мен экологиялық стандарттарды жақсарту қажеттілігі болып табылады. Тау-кен өнеркәсібінде заманауи технологиялар енгізілу үстінде. Алайда, Қазақстанда тау-кен өнеркәсібінің тұрақты және қауіпсіз дамуын қамтамасыз ету үшін әлі де көп жұмыс істеу керек[1].
Еліміздегі тау-кен өнеркәсібі өз операцияларының ауқымы мен күрделілігіне байланысты инновациялық смарт жүйелермен әлі толық қамтылмаған деп айта аламыз. Қазіргі таңда капиталды және адам қол күші еңбегін көп қажет етеді. Тау-кен өнеркәсібінің өрлеуі қаншама жылдар бойы өзгермегендіктен, біз әлі күнге дейін жүз жылдық процестер мен әдістерді қолданатын кейбір еліміздің аймақтарынан сол тау-кеніштерін табамыз. Тарихи қалыптасқан ерекшеліктерге байланысты Қазақстан Республикасының тау-кен металлургия кешені, әдетте, бастапқы металдарды өндіруге және шикізат экспортына бағдарланған. Үдемелі индустриялық-инновациялық дамудың 2030 жылға дейінгі үшінші бағдарламасын іске асыру шеңберінде тау-кен-металлургия кешеніне республика экономикасын дамытудың локомотивтерінің бірі, макроэкономикалық көрсеткіштерді қалыптастырудың негізгі факторы рөлі берілді. Бұл ретте ТМК салаларының басты міндеті – ұлттық экономиканы құрылымдық қайта құру үшін жағдайларды қамтамасыз ету және әлемдік нарықтарда бәсекеге қабілетті жоғары технологиялық түпкілікті өнімнің ғылымды қажетсінетін жаңа өндірістерін құру сақталады.
Antimicrobial Treatment in Hospitalized Adults With Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Compliance and Factors Impacting Duration
Authors: Ji ZiChao , Wang Xin , Wang Jiawei
Published: September 2024

To assess compliance with national and international guidelines for the initial empirical selection of antimicrobials, the duration of antimicrobial treatment in hospitalized patients with mild-to-moderate community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), and to analyze potential factors that could influence the duration of antimicrobials use. A retrospective study was conducted to collect medical records of patients admitted to the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Beijing Tongren Hospital with mild-to-moderate CAP from January 1, 2020 to November 30, 2022. The rationality of antimicrobial therapy was evaluated by comparing national and international guidelines, and the factors influencing the duration of antimicrobial therapy were analyzed by logistic regression. A total of 177 patients were enrolled. The age of patients was mainly distributed between 46 and 65 years old (38.42%). There were 82.49% of patients with basic diseases. In compliance with national, US, and European guidelines for the initial empirical antimicrobial selection in 177 CAP patients was 87.01%, 77.97%, and 78.53%. The mean duration of antibiotic treatment was 11.77±4.30 days, and patients switched from intravenous antimicrobial therapy to oral therapy within 2-10 days (5.15±2.84). Logistic regression analysis showed that the C-reactive protein (CRP) level at admission was an independent factor affecting the duration of antimicrobial use in hospitalized patients with mild-to-moderate CAP (OR=0.963, 95%CI: 0.947~0.979, p < 0.05). The results of this study indicated that the patients with a CRP level of 43.89mg/L on admission to the hospital were more likely to require antimicrobial therapy for longer than 7 days.
New Scale Measuring Willingness to Deliver Pharmaceutical Care to Elderly (WPhCAReELD Scale)
Authors: Šesto Sofija , Milosavljević Miloš , Janković Slobodan , Odalović Marina , Tadić Ivana
Published: September 2024

Ageism is existence of stereotypes, prejudices, and discrimination against the elderly; it is prevalent in general population, but also among the healthcare workers. The aim of this study was to develop and test a new scale for assessing willingness of pharmacists to offer pharmaceutical care to elderly patients. The study was designed as cross-sectional testing the reliability of the newly created questionnaire. The questionnaire was prepared through work of a focus group, following the eight-steps method, and administered by internet. The scale WPhCareEld showed good internal consistency and reliability (Cronbach’s alpha was 0.726) in a sample of community pharmacists, and its factor analysis showed that the scale is measuring four domains: willingness of community pharmacists to care for elderly patients through direct and indirect communication with prescribers, how the pharmacists value elderly patients, and whether the pharmacists have prejudices against elderly patients. The study confirmed reliability and internal consistency of newly designed questionnaire for measuring willingness of community pharmacist to give pharmaceutical care to elderly patients.
On the Need for Better Information from Randomized Clinical Trials in Oncology
Authors: Bornstein-Quevedo Leticia , Dueñas-Gonzalez Alfonso
Published: September 2024

Cancer patients frequently seek information from their oncologists regarding the anticipated outcomes of their treatment. They commonly inquire about the potential for a cure and the likelihood of achieving it, as well as whether the treatment will prolong their life and, if so, by how much. In oncology, randomized controlled trials play a pivotal role in informing treatment decisions. It is essential that published randomized controlled trials provide comprehensive data to enable clinicians to deliver precise and reliable information to patients. The concept of the Hazard Ratio (HR) can be challenging for many oncologists and is often misunderstood in terms of its implications for risk. Thus, incorporating both relative and absolute risk metrics in addition to hazard ratios could substantially enhance patient care. This consideration is crucial not only for patients and oncologists but also for policymakers within public health systems.
The Study of Consciousness Is Mired in Complexities and Difficulties: Can They Be Resolved?
Authors: Nash Jonathan
Published: September 2024

This paper explores several etymological, semantic, sociolinguistic, and methodological issues that have, in my opinion, impeded the progress of consciousness research and discourse; and I offer some suggestions that are hopefully worthy of consideration and further discussion.

I review the historical and extant conflation of terms in the literature; a plethora of published definitions and types of consciousness; and I call for greater “semantic lucidity”. I critique the rationale underpinning the search for the neural correlates of consciousness; advocate for greater adherence to the requirements of an operational definition in research; and discuss the notion of consciousness as a ‘process’ versus the premise of consciousness as a tangible ‘thing’ that can somehow be found in a particular locus within the material substrate of the nervous system.
Self-Driving Development of Perfusion Processes for Monoclonal Antibody Production
Authors: Müller Claudio , Vuillemin Thomas , Janardhana Gadiyar Chethana , Bielser Jean-Marc , Souquet Jonathan , Fagnani Alessandro , Sokolov Michael , von Stosch Moritz , Feidl Fabian , Butté Alessandro , Cruz Bournazou Mariano Nicolas
Published: September 2024

It is essential to increase the number of autonomous agents bioprocess development for biopharma innovation to shorten time and resource utilization in the path from product to process. While robotics and machine learning have significantly accelerated drug discovery and initial screening, the later stages of development have seen improvement only in the experimental automation but lack advanced computational tools for experimental planning and execution. For instance, during development of new monoclonal antibodies, the search for optimal upstream conditions (feeding strategy, pH, temperature, media composition, etc.) is often performed in highly advanced high-throughput (HT) mini-bioreactor systems. However, the integration of machine learning tools for experiment design and operation in these systems remains underdeveloped. In this study, we introduce an integrated framework composed by a Bayesian experimental design algorithm, a cognitive digital twin of the cultivation system, and an advanced 24 parallel mini-bioreactor perfusion experimental setup. The result is an autonomous experimental machine capable of 1. embedding existing process knowledge, 2. learning during experimentation, 3. Using information from similar processes, 4. Notifying events in the near future, and 5. Autonomously operating the parallel cultivation setup to reach challenging objectives. As a proof of concept, we present experimental results of 27 days long cultivations operated by an autonomous software agent reaching challenging goals as are increasing the VCV and maximizing the viability of the cultivation up to its end.
Příspěvek do diskuze o pojmech hrozba a riziko
Authors: Eichler Jan
Published: September 2024

První (teoretická) část stati začíná nejobecnějším vymezením pojmů hrozba a riziko v angličtině a ve francouzštině. Dále připomíná 30. léta, kdy se hrozbou pro celou Evropu stal fašismus, a srovnává chování tehdejší Jugoslávie a ČSR. Potom se zabývá analýzou vztahu hrozba - riziko v době studené války a po jejím skončení. Doktrinální dokumenty členských států NATO pojímají hrozbu jako přímé ohrožení státu za použití vojenských nástrojů a riziko jako něco, co existuje někde dál od hranic a nemůže přímo ohrozit bezpečnost státu, ale co by se mohlo přeměnit v hrozbu v případě dlouhodobého podceňování či zanedbávání. Stať oceňuje terminologickou analýzu, kterou v roce 1999 vydal ÚZSI pod názvem Riziko a hrozba jako klíčové konceptuální pojmy. Dále přináší rozbor vztahu mezi hrozbou a rizikem v souvislosti s kosovskou krizí a s akcí Spojenecká síla. V další části stať posuzuje vztah hrozba - riziko z pohledu nového rámce bezpečnostních studií, a to s využitím pojmů referenční objekt, činitel bezpečnostní politiky, securitizace a desecuritizace. To také umožňuje lépe vysvětlit i význam pojmů hrozba a riziko pro praktickou politiku. Činitelé bezpečnostní politiky přijímají důležitá rozhodnutí, kterými mohou vážně, nebo dokonce osudově ovlivnit další život všech těch, kteří tvoří referenční objekt. Proto by se neměli takříkajíc schovávat za objektivní charakter rizik, která se objevila zároveň s danou hrozbou. Měli by naopak jasně říkat, jak se rozhodovali, proč a v jakém rozsahu daný jev nebo vývoj považovali za hrozbu. Rovněž by měli říci, kterým rizikům se chtěli vyhnout, protože se obávali jejich neúnosnosti, a která naopak podstoupili, protože je považovali za méně nebezpečná. Druhá část stati nastiňuje nejvážnější hrozby a rizika zemí euroatlantické oblasti. Jde o vojenské hrozby a rizika, o politické hrozby a rizika, o ekonomické hrozby a rizika a o ekologické hrozby a rizika. Závěrečné shrnutí zdůrazňuje, že hrozba existuje nezávisle na vůli toho, kdo je ohrožen, staví jej před nutnost rozhodnout, jak se zachovat. Naproti tomu riziko se vztahuje k rozhodování a jednání toho, kdo je něčím ohrožen, kdo čelí nějaké hrozbě.
Společná zahraniční a bezpečnostní politika Evropské unie – místo přeludu konečně skutečnost?
Authors: Khol Radek
Published: September 2024

Simon Duke /ed./: Between Vision and Reality. CFSP's Progress on the Path to Maturity. 1st ed. Maastricht: European Institute of Public Administration, 2000, 319 stran, ISBN 90-6779-145-8.
ANALYSIS OF RISK FACTORS FOR DELAYED DIAGNOSIS IN PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS CASES IN BENGKULU CITY
Authors: Putri Marissa Aurelya , Mirna  , Sundari Mulya , Nugraheni Enny
Published: September 2024

This study aims to analyse the factors associated with delayed diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and the frequency distribution of TB patients. The research method was analytic-observational with cross sectional approach. The research sample was patients in Bengkulu City total of 64 respondents. The results of the analysis showed that the majority of TB patients were male, age group 16-25 years, people who had jobs, and secondary education, had initial symptoms of cough, lived in the central area of the city, the distance from home to the nearest health facility was 1 < 2 km, had a good level of knowledge, the majority had low stigma towards TB disease. There was no significant association between delay in diagnosis and gender, age, education, income, occupation, distance from home to health centre, location of residence, initial symptoms, first action of health centre, first health service visited. There was a significant association between the time between initial symptoms and seeking treatment and the incidence of delayed diagnosis. However, there was no significant association between delayed diagnosis, patient stigma about TB disease and knowledge.
Pelger-Huët Anomaly (PHA) Case Report
Authors: Sümter Hamza
Published: September 2024

Pelger-Huët anomaly is a rare benign hematological disorder. It was first described in the 1920s. It is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. Nuclear hypolobulation, which can also be seen in other leukocytes, especially neutrophils, is a characteristic feature. This morphological change does not cause a defect in the immune system. It should be differentiated clinically from pseudo-Pelger-Huët anomaly (PPHA). In this study, Pelger-Huët anomaly is presented which is noticed in the peripheral smear of a 22-year-old female patient who came to the hematology outpatient clinic due to her sibling having Hodgkin’s lymphoma. The family members of the case were also evaluated in this respect.
Comparison of the safety profile of tofacitinib and etanercept in rheumatoid arthritis patients aged 60 years and over: The real-life data from the HUR-BIO registry
Authors: Sarıyıldız Emine , Ünaldı Erdinç , Kılıç Levent , Karadağ Ömer , Kalyoncu Umut , Ertenli Ali İhsan , Kiraz Sedat
Published: September 2024

Objective: To investigate the safety profile of tofacitinib in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients aged 60 and over and to compare these findings with etanercept.
Materials and methods: HUR-BIO (Hacettepe University Rheumatology Biologic Registry) is a single-center registry for biological and targeted synthetic DMARDs since 2005. We included RA patients aged ≥ 60 years who were prescribed tofacitinib or etanercept as their first bDMARD or tsDMARD and had at least one control visit. MACE (major adverse cardiovascular event), VTE (venous thromboembolism), malignancy, herpes zoster, and infections requiring hospitalization were recorded for the safety profile. Incidence rate (IR) and incidence rate ratios (IRR) per 1000 patient years were calculated for all safety data.
Results: This study consisted of 123 RA patients (tofacitinib n=70, etanercept n=53). In the overall population, the mean age was 67.9 ± 6.2 years and the median follow-up period was 2.1 years. Among the traditional cardiovascular risk factors, smoking history and hyperlipidemia were more common in the tofacitinib group. The IRR per 1000 patients years for MACE, herpes zoster, and infections requiring hospitalization was similar between the groups. All three patients who diagnosed with DVT or PE were in the tofacitinib group, and the significance level of the increase in IR was close to the statistical threshold (p=0.057). There was only one patient who developed non-melanoma skin cancer, and that patient was in the tofacitinib group.
Conclusion: The incidence of MACE, herpes zoster, and infections requiring hospitalization was comparable between tofacitinib and etanercept. However, the occurrence of VTE exclusively in the tofacitinib group suggests that this issue needs careful evaluation for these patients.