bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effective splicing technique of different cladding diameter-based optical fibers and performance evaluation
Authors: Zhang Guiwei , Liu Xuecheng , Zhang Wen , Lang Xianzheng , Singh Ragini , Wang Yiran , Xie Yiyan , Zhang Bingyuan , Kumar Santosh , Li Guoru
Published: April 2023

In this work, the fabrication and sensing performance of fusion structures based on single-mode fiber (SMF) and multimode fiber (MMF) with different cladding diameters are discussed, and the effects of different lengths of MMF and fiber etching on sensing performance are analyzed. First, the transmitted intensity measurement experiment is performed, and the results indicate that the performance of the SMF-MMF-SMF(SMS)-based structure is better for sensing purposes. In addition, the results demonstrate that the performance of etched fiber is better than that of non-etched fiber. The etched fiber structure with lower fiber diameters produces more evanescent waves and is better for sensing purposes. Therefore, the proposed structure has certain development potential as an application of future optical fiber sensors.
Lattice-matched AlInN/GaN bottom DBR impact on GaN-based vertical-cavity-surface-emitting laser diodes: systematical investigations
Authors: Ji Kaijie , Tian Kaikang , Gao Yuanbin , Hang Sheng , Chu Chunshuang , Zhang Yonghui , Zhang Zi-Hui
Published: April 2023

In this paper, by using advanced numerical models, we investigate the impact of the AlN/GaN distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) and AlInN/GaN DBR on stimulated radiative recombination for GaN-based vertical-cavity-surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs). According to our results, when compared with the VCSEL with AlN/GaN DBR, we find that the VCSEL with AlInN/GaN DBR decreases the polarization-induced electric field in the active region, and this helps to increase the electron–hole radiative recombination. However, we also find that the AlInN/GaN DBR has a reduced reflectivity when compared with the AlN/GaN DBR with the same number of pairs. Furthermore, this paper suggests that more pairs of AlInN/GaN DBR will be set, which helps to even further increase the laser power. Hence, the 3 dB frequency can be increased for the proposed device. In spite of the increased laser power, the smaller thermal conductivity for AlInN than AlN results in the earlier thermal droop in the laser power for the proposed VCSEL.
Signal attenuation-compensated projection-resolved OCT angiography
Authors: Wang Jie , Hormel Tristan T. , Bailey Steven T. , Hwang Thomas S. , Huang David , Jia Yali
Published: April 2023

Projection artifacts are a significant limitation of optical coherence tomographic angiography (OCTA). Existing techniques to suppress these artifacts are sensitive to image quality, becoming less reliable on low-quality images. In this study, we propose a novel signal attenuation-compensated projection-resolved OCTA (sacPR-OCTA) algorithm. In addition to removing projection artifacts, our method compensates for shadows beneath large vessels. The proposed sacPR-OCTA algorithm improves vascular continuity, reduces the similarity of vascular patterns in different plexuses, and removes more residual artifacts compared to existing methods. In addition, the sacPR-OCTA algorithm better preserves flow signal in choroidal neovascular lesions and shadow-affected areas. Because sacPR-OCTA processes the data along normalized A-lines, it provides a general solution for removing projection artifacts agnostic to the platform.
Optical properties of the dual circularly polarized lights reflected from ITO films under electric and thermal fields
Authors: Jiao Xinbing , Xu Xiang , Zhang Yueyang
Published: April 2023

Indium tin oxide (ITO) is widely used in optoelectronic devices due to its excellent optical and electrical properties. The real-time characterization of the ITO surface under electric and thermal fields plays an important role in determining its performance. The Goos–Hänchen (GH) and Imbert–Fedorov (IF) shifts and polarization properties of the dual circularly polarized lights reflected from ITO films can be used to describe its features. The dual circularly polarized lights, right circularly polarized (RCP, S3≈+1) and left circularly polarized (LCP, S3≈−1) lights, are obtained by rotating the linear polarizer and quarter-wave plate. The polarization properties and the lateral shifts of the RCP and LCP lights were studied by a polarimeter and a slim beam profiler. The results show that the polarization properties of the dual circularly polarized lights are mainly affected by temperature. The degree of the polarization properties of the RCP and LCP lights changed from 97.85% to 97.40%, and from 98.40 % to 83.50%, respectively. The reflectivity of the RCP and LCP lights changed from 42.19% to 40.37%, and from 43.80% to 0.80%, respectively. The GH and IF shifts of the RCP light are 156.50 µm and186.00 µm, respectively. The GH and IF shifts of the LCP light are 233.00 µm and 257.00 µm, respectively. The ITO film has more effect on the LCP light than that of the RCP light due to its strong ITO film (400) plane.
Influence of a topological artificial atom chain on the transmission properties of a cavity
Authors: Wang Chen-yang , Zheng Yun-jie , Wei Mei-song , Liao Ming-jie , Lin Zi-jian , Wang Ce , Yang Ya-ping , Xu Jing-ping
Published: April 2023

We explore the influence of the artificial atomic chain on the input-output relation of the cavity. Specifically, we extend the atom chain to the one-dimensional Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) chain to check the role of atomic topological non-trivial edge state on the transmission characteristics of the cavity. The superconducting circuits can realize the artificial atomic chain. Our results show that the atom chain is not equivalent to atom gas, and the transmission properties of the cavity containing the atom chain are entirely different from that of the cavity containing atom gas. When the atom chain is arranged in the form of topological non-trivial SSH model, the atom chain can be equivalent to the three-level atom, in which the edge state contributes to the second level and is resonant with the cavity, while the high-energy bulk state contributes to form the third level and is greatly detuned with the cavity. Therefore, the transmission spectrum shows no more than three peaks. This allows us to infer the topological phase of the atomic chain and the coupling strength between the atom and the cavity only from the profile of the transmission spectrum. Our work is helping to understand the role of topology in quantum optics.
High-sensitivity optical-fiber magnetic sensor based on diamond and magnetic flux concentrators
Authors: Shao Jie , Luo Yunhan , Chen Jiayao , Huang Huanhuan , Liu Gui-Shi , Chen Lei , Chen Zhe , Chen Yaofei
Published: April 2023

Magnetic field detection exploiting nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond has gained increasing attention and development in recent years. Combining diamond NV centers to optical fibers provides a way for achieving magnetic sensors with high integration and portability. Meanwhile, new methods or techniques are urgently desired to improve the detection sensitivity of such sensors. In this paper, we present an optical-fiber magnetic sensor based on the NV ensemble in diamond, and employ the well-designed magnetic flux concentrators to enhance the sensitivity up to 12 pT/Hz1/2, an outstanding level among the diamond-integrated optical-fiber magnetic sensors. The dependence of sensitivity on the key parameters including the size and gap width of the concentrators are investigated by simulations and experiments, based on which the predictions on the further enhancement of sensitivity to fT level are presented.
Compact hybrid five-mode multiplexer based on asymmetric directional couplers with constant bus waveguide width
Authors: Mao Simei , Cheng Lirong , Zhao Caiyue , Wang Yinghui , Li Qian , Fu H. Y.
Published: April 2023

We experimentally demonstrate a hybrid mode division multiplexer (MDM) based on asymmetric directional couplers (ADCs) without transition tapers in between. The proposed MDM can couple five fundamental modes from access waveguides into the bus waveguide as the hybrid modes (TE0, TE1, TE2, TM0, and TM1). To eliminate the transition tapers between cascaded ADCs as well as to enable arbitrary add-drop to the bus waveguide, we maintain the bus waveguide width to be the same, while a partially etched subwavelength grating is introduced to reduce the effective refractive index of the bus waveguide. The experimental results demonstrate a working bandwidth of up to 140 nm.
Increased A-to-I RNA editing in atherosclerosis and cardiomyopathies
Authors: Mann Tomer D. , Kopel Eli , Eisenberg Eli , Levanon Erez Y.
Published: April 2023

Adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing is essential to prevent undesired immune activation. This diverse process alters the genetic content of the RNA and may recode proteins, change splice sites and miRNA targets, and mimic genomic mutations. Recent studies have associated or implicated aberrant editing with pathological conditions, including cancer, autoimmune diseases, and neurological and psychiatric conditions. RNA editing patterns in cardiovascular tissues have not been investigated systematically so far, and little is known about its potential role in cardiac diseases. Some hints suggest robust editing in this system, including the fact that ADARB1 (ADAR2), the main coding-sequence editor, is most highly expressed in these tissues. Here we characterized RNA editing in the heart and arteries and examined a contributory role to the development of atherosclerosis and two structural heart diseases -Ischemic and Dilated Cardiomyopathies. Analyzing hundreds of RNA-seq samples taken from the heart and arteries of cardiac patients and controls, we find that global editing, alongside inflammatory gene expression, is increased in patients with atherosclerosis, cardiomyopathies, and heart failure. We describe a single recoding editing site and suggest it as a target for focused research. This recoding editing site in the IGFBP7 gene is one of the only evolutionary conserved sites between mammals, and we found it exhibits consistently increased levels of editing in these patients. Our findings reveal that RNA editing is abundant in arteries and is elevated in several key cardiovascular conditions. They thus provide a roadmap for basic and translational research of RNA as a mediator of atherosclerosis and non-genetic cardiomyopathies.
Ceramide-1-phosphate transfer protein enhances lipid transport by disrupting hydrophobic lipid–membrane contacts
Authors: Rogers Julia R. , Geissler Phillip L.
Published: April 2023

Cellular distributions of the sphingolipid ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P) impact essential biological processes. C1P levels are spatiotemporally regulated by ceramide-1-phosphate transfer protein (CPTP), which efficiently shuttles C1P between organelle membranes. Yet, how CPTP rapidly extracts and inserts C1P into a membrane remains unknown. Here, we devise a multiscale simulation approach to elucidate biophysical details of CPTP-mediated C1P transport. We find that CPTP binds a membrane poised to extract and insert C1P and that membrane binding promotes conformational changes in CPTP that facilitate C1P uptake and release. By significantly disrupting a lipid’s local hydrophobic environment in the membrane, CPTP lowers the activation free energy barrier for passive C1P desorption and enhances C1P extraction from the membrane. Upon uptake of C1P, further conformational changes may aid membrane unbinding in a manner reminiscent of the electrostatic switching mechanism used by other lipid transfer proteins. Insertion of C1P into an acceptor membrane, eased by a decrease in membrane order by CPTP, restarts the transfer cycle. Most notably, we provide molecular evidence for CPTP’s ability to catalyze C1P extraction by breaking hydrophobic C1P–membrane contacts with compensatory hydrophobic lipid–protein contacts. Our work, thus, provides biophysical insights into how CPTP efficiently traffics C1P between membranes to maintain sphingolipid homeostasis and, additionally, presents a simulation method aptly suited for uncovering the catalytic mechanisms of other lipid transfer proteins.
Diverse role of NMDA receptors for dendritic integration of neural dynamics
Authors: Tang Yuanhong , Zhang Xingyu , An Lingling , Yu Zhaofei , Liu Jian K.
Published: April 2023

Neurons, represented as a tree structure of morphology, have various distinguished branches of dendrites. Different types of synaptic receptors distributed over dendrites are responsible for receiving inputs from other neurons. NMDA receptors (NMDARs) are expressed as excitatory units, and play a key physiological role in synaptic function. Although NMDARs are widely expressed in most types of neurons, they play a different role in the cerebellar Purkinje cells (PCs). Utilizing a computational PC model with detailed dendritic morphology, we explored the role of NMDARs at different parts of dendritic branches and regions. We found somatic responses can switch from silent, to simple spikes and complex spikes, depending on specific dendritic branches. Detailed examination of the dendrites regarding their diameters and distance to soma revealed diverse response patterns, yet explain two firing modes, simple and complex spike. Taken together, these results suggest that NMDARs play an important role in controlling excitability sensitivity while taking into account the factor of dendritic properties. Given the complexity of neural morphology varying in cell types, our work suggests that the functional role of NMDARs is not stereotyped but highly interwoven with local properties of neuronal structure.
The commitment to a midwifery centre care model in Bangladesh: An interview study with midwives, educators and students
Authors: Pappu Noor Islam , Öberg Ida , Byrskog Ulrika , Raha Pronita , Moni Ratna , Akhtar Shaheen , Barua Priti , Das Sujata Rani , De Shipra , Jyoti Hosne Jannat , Rahman Rezaur , Sinha Gita Rani , Erlandsson Kerstin
Published: April 2023

Background

Midwifery-led care is a key factor in reducing maternal and new-born mortality globally. In Bangladesh, only a third of births are attended by professionals and almost 70% of births occur outside healthcare facilities. Midwifery is a relatively new profession in Bangladesh and a midwifery centre care model has only recently been introduced. This study aims to explore the willingness within the healthcare system to support a greater role for midwifery centres in maternity services.

Methods

Data were collected through individual semi-structured interviews with 55 midwives, midwifery educators and final year midwifery students. Two of the midwifery educators were principals of nursing institutes involved in the government’s midwifery leadership and considered as experts in the midwifery care system. The data was analysed using qualitative content analysis. The transcribed interviews comprised 150 pages. The study received ethical approval from the Directorate General of Nursing and Midwifery in Bangladesh.

Results

One main category emerged from the study: “The foundations of a midwifery centre care model need to be strengthened for the sustainable implementation of midwifery centres in Bangladesh to continue”. Five additional categories were identified: 1) The midwifery centre care model is inaccessible for communities, 2) Striving for acceptable standards of care within a midwifery centre care model is not a priority 3) Respectful, woman-centred care is weak, 4) Community engagement with the midwifery centre care model is insufficient, and 5) The midwifery centre care model is not integrated into the healthcare system. These categories were supported by the identification of 11 sub-categories.

Conclusion

The willingness to commit to a midwifery centre care model is not yet in place in Bangladesh. Advocacy, information, and education about the benefits of normal birth assisted by professional midwives is needed at all levels of Bangladeshi society.
Bioengineering of a Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis strain enhances nisin production and bioactivity
Authors: Portieles Roxana , Xu Hongli , Chen Feng , Gao Jingyao , Du Lihua , Gao Xiangyou , Nordelo Carlos Borroto , Yue Qiulin , Zhao Lin , Gonzalez Nayanci Portal , Bermudez Ramon Santos , Borrás-Hidalgo Orlando
Published: April 2023

Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis is a food bacterium that has been utilized for decades in food fermentation and the development of high-value industrial goods. Among these, nisin, which is produced by several strains of L. lactis subsp. lactis, plays a crucial role as a food bio-preservative. The gene expression for nisin synthesis was evaluated using qPCR analysis. Additionally, a series of re-transformations of the strain introducing multiple copies of the nisA and nisRK genes related to nisin production were developed. The simultaneous expression of nisA and nisZ genes was used to potentiate the effective inhibition of foodborne pathogens. Furthermore, qPCR analysis indicated that the nisA and nisRK genes were expressed at low levels in wild-type L. lactis subsp. lactis. After several re-transformations of the strain with the nisA and nisRK genes, a high expression of these genes was obtained, contributing to improved nisin production. Also, co-expression of the nisA and nisZ genes resulted in extremely effective antibacterial action. Hence, this study would provide an approach to enhancing nisin production during industrial processes and antimicrobial activity.
Racial and ethnic disparities in diagnosis, management and outcomes of aortic stenosis in the Medicare population
Authors: Ahmed Yunus , van Bakel Pieter A. J. , Hou Hechuan , Sukul Devraj , Likosky Donald S. , van Herwaarden Joost A. , Watkins Daphne C. , Ailawadi Gorav , Patel Himanshu J. , Thompson Michael P. ,   for the Structural Heart and Aortic Diseases Outcomes Research Workgroup Investigators
Published: April 2023

Importance

Aortic stenosis (AS) is one of the most common heart valve conditions and its incidence and prevalence increases with age. With the introduction of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), racial and ethnic disparities in AS diagnosis, treatment and outcomes is poorly understood.

Objective

In this study we assessed racial and ethnic disparities in AS diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes among Medicare beneficiaries.

Design

We conducted a population-based cohort study of inpatient, outpatient, and professional claims from a 20% sample of Medicare beneficiaries

Main outcomes and measures

Incidence and Prevalence was determined among Medicare Beneficiaries. Outcomes in this study included management; the number of (non)-interventional cardiology and cardiothoracic surgery evaluation and management (E&M) visits, and number of transthoracic echocardiograms (TTE) performed. Treatment, which was defined as Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement and Transthoracic Aortic Valve Replacement. And outcomes described as All-cause Hospitalizations, Heart Failure Hospitalization and 1-year mortality.

Results

A total of 1,513,455 Medicare beneficiaries were diagnosed with AS (91.3% White, 4.5% Black, 1.1% Hispanic, 3.1% Asian and North American Native) between 2010 and 2018. Annual prevalence of AS diagnosis was lower for racial and ethnic minorities compared with White patients, with adjusted rate ratios of 0.66 (95% CI 0.65 to 0.68) for Black patients, 0.67 (95% CI 0.64 to 0.70) for Hispanic patients and 0.75 (95% CI 0.73 to 0.77) for Asian and North American Native patients as recent as 2018. After adjusting for age, sex and comorbidities, cardiothoracic surgery E&M visits and treatment rates were significantly lower for Black, Hispanic and Asian and North American Native patients compared with White patients. All-cause hospitalization rate was higher for Black and Hispanic patients compared with White patient. 1-year mortality was higher for Black patients, while Hispanic and Asian and North American Native patients had lower 1-year mortality compared with White patients.

Conclusions and relevance

We demonstrated significant racial and ethnic disparities in the diagnosis, management and outcomes of AS. The factors driving the persistence of these disparities in AS care need to be elucidated to develop an equitable health care system.
Inside-out: Antibody-binding reveals potential folding hinge-points within the SARS-CoV-2 replication co-factor nsp9
Authors: Pan Yue , Chandrashekaran Indu R. , Tennant Luke , Rossjohn Jamie , Littler Dene R.
Published: April 2023

Nsp9 is a conserved accessory component of the coronaviral replication and transcription complex. It is the predominant substrate of nsp12’s nucleotidylation activity while also serving to recruit proteins required for viral 5’-capping. Anti-nsp9 specific nanobodies have been isolated previously. We confirm that their binding mode is centred upon Trp-53 within SARS-CoV-2 nsp9. Antibody binding at this site surprisingly results in large-scale changes to the overall topology of this coronaviral unique fold. We further characterise the antibody-induced structural dynamism within nsp9, identifying a number of potentially flexible regions. A large expansion of the cavity between the s2-s3 and s4-s5 loops is particularly noteworthy. As is the potential for large-scale movements in the C-terminal GxxxG helix.
Immunoglobulin profiling with large high-density peptide microarrays as screening method to detect candidate proteins for future biomarker detection in dogs with steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis
Authors: Nessler Jasmin Nicole , Tipold Andrea
Published: April 2023

Steroid responsive meningitis arteritis (SRMA) is an aberrant Th2-mediated systemic inflammatory disease in dogs. The etiopathogenesis still remains unclear as no triggering pathogen or autoantigen could be found so far. Hypothesis. Large high-density peptide microarrays are a suitable screening method to detect possible autoantigens which might be involved in the pathogenesis of SRMA. Methods. The IgA and IgG profile of pooled serum samples of 5 dogs with SRMA and 5 dogs with neck pain due to intervertebral disc herniation (IVDH) without ataxia or paresis were compared via commercially available high-density peptide microarrays (Discovery Microarray) containing 29,240 random linear peptides. Canine distemper virus nucleoprotein (CDVN) served as positive control as all dogs were vaccinated. Common motifs were compared to amino acid sequences of known proteins via databank search. One suitable protein was manually selected for further analysis with a smaller customized high-density peptide microarray. Results. Pooled serum of dogs with SRMA and IVDH showed different IgA and IgG responses on Discovery Microarray. Only top IgG responses of dogs with SRMA showed a common motif not related to the control protein CDVN. This common motif is part of the interleukin 1 receptor antagonist protein (IL1Ra). On IL1Ra, dogs with SRMA displayed IgA binding to an additional epitope, which dogs with IVDH did not show. Discussion. IL1Ra is an anti-inflammatory acute phase protein. Different immunoglobulin binding patterns on IL1Ra could be involved in the pathogenesis of SRMA and IL1Ra might be developed as future biomarker for SRMA.
Diagnostic accuracy of CT angiography and CT perfusion imaging for detecting distal medium vessel occlusions: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sousa João André , Sondermann Anton , Bernardo-Castro Sara , Varela Ricardo , Donato Helena , Sargento-Freitas João
Published: April 2023

Background

Distal medium vessel occlusions (DMVOs) represent 25–40% of all acute ischemic strokes (AIS). DMVO clinical syndromes are heterogenous, but as eloquent brain regions are frequently involved, they are often disabling. Since current intravenous fibrinolytic therapies may fail to recanalize up to two-thirds of DMVOs, endovascular treatment is progressively being considered in this setting. Nevertheless, the optimal imaging method for diagnosis remains to be defined. Stroke centers that use computed tomography as a routine stroke imaging approach rely on either isolated computed tomography angiography (CTA) or combined perfusion (CTP) studies. Despite a simplified non-CTP-dependent approach seeming reasonable for large vessel occlusion AIS diagnosis, CTP may still hold advantages for DMVOs workup. Therefore, this systematic review aims to compare the diagnostic performance of CTA and CTP in detecting DMVOs.

Methods

We will perform a systematic search in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science Core Collection, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. In addition, grey literature and ClinicalTrials.gov will be scanned. We will include any type of study that presents data on the diagnostic accuracy of CTA and/or CTP for detecting DMVOs. Two authors will independently review retrieved studies, and any discrepancies will be resolved by consensus or with a third reviewer. Reviewers will extract the data and assess the risk of bias in the selected studies. Data will be combined in a quantitative meta-analysis following the guidelines provided by the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. We will assess cumulative evidence using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.

Discussion

This will be the first systematic review and meta-analysis that compares two different imaging approaches for detecting DMVOs. This study may help to define optimal acute ischemic stroke imaging work-up.

Trial registration

PROSPERO registration: CRD42022344006.
COVID-19 guidelines and its perceived effect on seafarers’ health and wellbeing: A qualitative study
Authors: Timilsina Amit , Baygi Fereshteh
Published: April 2023

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic and its guidelines have had a profound impact on the social life, health, and wellbeing of people around the world. Very little is known if the guidelines are put into action effectively by seafarers. Also, the effects of such guidelines on seafarers’ health and wellbeing have not been studied so far. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the perceived effects of the COVID-19 guidelines on seafarers’ health and wellbeing.

Materials & methods

A qualitative research method was adopted using in-depth interviews. A total of 13 international male seafarers were interviewed until data saturation was achieved. Purposive sampling was used to recruit the respondents. The data was inductively coded using NVivo 12 and manifest content analysis was conducted.

Results

Once seafarers had access to COVID-19 guidelines, seafarers followed the guideline as suggested by companies under the guidance of captain. The majority of the participants reported that available guidelines could decrease their stress and anxiety levels, while some reported that implementing the COVID-19 guidelines had no significant effect on their health and wellbeing. The results of this study also showed a delay in repatriation, which had an impact on the seafarers’ mental health.

Conclusion

The guidelines could not address seafarers’ psychological needs to ensure their good health and wellbeing. Therefore, it is recommended that shipping companies address the mental health needs of seafarers during the COVID-19 pandemic and similar infectious diseases emerging in the future.
Factor price distortion among regions in China and its influence on China’s economic growth
Authors: Yang JIE
Published: April 2023

Factor price distortions and resource misallocation are important sources of productivity differences between regions. Promoting the free flow of factors of production is conducive to giving full play to the decisive role of the market in allocating resources, which is crucial to helping a country’s economy develop in a high-quality and sustainable manner. This paper proposes a new approach to measuring factor market distortions and establishes the relationship between factor price distortions and a country’s economic growth. This paper examines the resource misallocation and efficiency loss of 31 provinces in China from 2004 to 2020, and proposes an analytical framework for resource misallocation among regions, with which the Total Factor Productivity (TFP) and the factor price distortion of provinces in China are calculated. The calculation results indicate that the TFP of China’s provinces gradually declines from the eastern coast to the western inland. The resource allocation efficiency in the eastern and central areas is higher than that in the western areas, so is the factor price, and its distortion causes nearly 6% of loss of output value in China. China’s economic growth is still reliant on the increase of factor input and technological development and the improvement of resource allocation efficiency has no significant effect on growth.
The emotional mechanism underlying the adverse effect of social exclusion on working memory performance: A tDCS study
Authors: Ma Qingguo , Pang Yu
Published: April 2023

Social exclusion has been found to impair working memory (WM). However, the emotional mechanism underlying this adverse effect remains unclear. Besides, little is known about how to alleviate this adverse effect. In the current study, 128 participants were randomly assigned to a social excluded group or an included group while they received anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) or sham tDCS over the right ventrolateral pre-frontal cortex (rVLPFC), then they completed the 2-back task. ANOVA results showed that under the sham tDCS condition, mood rating score and 2-back task accuracy of excluded participants were both lower than included participants, and after anodal tDCS, mood rating score and 2-back task accuracy of excluded participants were both higher compared to sham tDCS. Besides, the mediation model showed that negative emotion mediated the relationship between social exclusion and WM under the sham tDCS condition, while the mediating effect disappeared under the anodal tDCS condition. Based on these results, we argued that anodal tDCS over the rVLPFC could alleviate the adverse effect of social exclusion on WM by reducing negative emotion. These findings contributed to further understanding of the emotional mechanism underlying the adverse effect of social exclusion on WM, and providing a clinical treatment in response to social exclusion.
Diagnostic Obscurity of Gastrointestinal Subepithelial Tumors: An Organizing Gastric Hematoma Requiring En Bloc Resection
Authors: Miranda Clive Jude , Schertzing William , Shah Anushi , Del Prado Paul Anthony Reyes
Published: April 2023

Gastric subepithelial tumors (SETs) are often incidentally found during examinations of the gastrointestinal tract. Able to arise from any layer of the stomach, these tumors are predominantly asymptomatic and are classified as either benign or malignant based on size, consistency, shape, and mobility as determined by endoscopic evaluation. We present the first reported case of a gastric SET presenting as a chronic organizing hematoma. In doing so, we discuss the necessity of multimodal imaging techniques and multidisciplinary management in identifying often obscure gastric SETs to intervene on potentially malignant masses early.
Sex reversal dynamics of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and impact on growth performance
Authors: Nduku Grace , Mirera David O. , Nyabeta Jared
Published: April 2023

Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of the most economically important freshwater aquaculture species globally. However, reproduction during grow-out is a major problem that hinders fish growth. Therefore, production of all-male populations of tilapia has been developed to address the problem and is also identified as one of the most effective techniques of increasing tilapia growth. Various methods have been used to produce all males in Nile Tilapia i.e. use of hormone treatment (17- α-methyltestosterone), use of temperature shock and the recent YY technology. The latter two methods have limited documentation and usage in Kenya. The current study compared effectiveness of temperature and hormone sex reversed O. niloticus fry and influence on growth in hapa nets over a period of 3 months. Nile Tilapia fry of 3 days old after egg yolk absorption were sex reversed using hormone for 21 days and temperature shock for a period of 14 days. Hormone use involved making a dose of 60 mg kg-1 of feed while temperature shock involved raising temperature from 28°C to between 30 °C and 34 °C. Analysis of Specific Growth Rate using one-way analysis of variance, ANOVA, showed no significant difference between hormone and temperature induced sex reversed fish (F = 0.0975, P = 0.7705). Sex reversal efficacy rates of 91.18% and 92.86% were attained using 17- α-methyltestosterone hormone and temperature shock, respectively. The results indicate that temperature shock could be a replacement for Tilapia sex reversal without any negative consequences on growth.
Inventario de caídas de rocas, análisis estadístico y mapeo geomorfológico de la Localidad Área Nueva en la porción NE de la Sierra de Guadalupe, Estado de México
Authors: Hernández Avelino I. , Aceves Quesada J. F. , Legorreta Paulín G.
Published: April 2023

La localidad Área Nueva, se ubica, en la porción NE de la Sierra de Guadalupe, en la ladera sur del domo La Cantera, el cual presenta un escarpe intensamente diaclasado y fracturado, de 450 m de longitud. En este estudio se realizó un inventario de 114 depósitos de caídas de rocas, en los que se obtuvo para los bloques mayores, su posición geográfica, altitud, pendiente, distancia del escarpe, volumen y adherencia del bloque sobre la superficie del terreno. Con esta información y el uso de sistemas de información geográfica, se elaboraron los mapas de pendientes, curvatura del terreno y geomorfológico. Para complementar el inventario de depósitos de caídas de rocas, se obtuvo la imagen de un drone de baja altitud, cuyo sobrevuelo fue a 80 m de altura y posteriormente se procesó la información. Además, se realizó un análisis estadístico, con la finalidad de determinar la distribución de los bloques y su posible relación con los factores que puedan influir en el tamaño del bloque y la distancia potencial de recorrido del mismo. El grado de la pendiente influye de manera significativa en el alcance potencial del recorrido de los bloques rocosos inestables, que pudieran desprenderse del escarpe. La distancia de recorrido de las rocas, es menor cuando las pendientes son mayores de 45°, correspondientes a la ubicación del escarpe y los bloques de menor volumen, son los que alcanzan distancias mayores; sin embargo por la cercanía de los asentamientos humanos a 120 m del escarpe y la intensidad de la deforestación, por la presión que ejercen los habitantes en la zona, incrementa la posibilidad de que los bloques que se desprendan del escarpe, incrementen su alcance potencial de recorrido y lleguen a impactar sobre las casas y las personas, ocasionando daños considerables. El aumento de la deforestación, ha dejado al descubierto bloques rocosos inestables, que aunado, a eventos detonantes de los desprendimientos de rocas, por las grandes avenidas durante lluvias torrenciales y la sismicidad, incrementa la susceptibilidad a caídas de rocas.
Lazarín Miranda, F. (2022). Historia mínima de la aviación comercial (Vol. 12).
Authors: Mijares Lara Marcela
Published: April 2023

Lazarín Miranda, F. (2022). Historia mínima de la aviación comercial (Vol. 12). México: El Colegio de México. 296 pp. ISBN: 978-607-564-385-4.
Development of a Dynamic Downscaling Method for Use in Short-Range Atmospheric Dispersion Modeling Near Nuclear Power Plants
Authors: Lee Sang-Hyun , Oh Su-Bin , Kim Chun-Ji , Jin Chun-Sil , Lee Hyun-Ha
Published: April 2023

Background: High-fidelity meteorological data is a prerequisite for the realistic simulation of atmospheric dispersion of radioactive materials near nuclear power plants (NPPs). However, many meteorological models frequently overestimate near-surface wind speeds, failing to represent local meteorological conditions near NPPs. This study presents a new high-resolution (approximately 1 km) meteorological downscaling method for modeling short-range (< 100 km) atmospheric dispersion of accidental NPP plumes.Materials and Methods: Six considerations from literature reviews have been suggested for a new dynamic downscaling method. The dynamic downscaling method is developed based on the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model version 3.6.1, applying high-resolution land-use and topography data. In addition, a new subgrid-scale topographic drag parameterization has been implemented for a realistic representation of the atmospheric surface-layer momentum transfer. Finally, a year-long simulation for the Kori and Wolsong NPPs, located in southeastern coastal areas, has been made for 2016 and evaluated against operational surface meteorological measurements and the NPPs’ on-site weather stations.Results and Discussion: The new dynamic downscaling method can represent multiscale atmospheric motions from the synoptic to the boundary-layer scales and produce three-dimensional local meteorological fields near the NPPs with a 1.2 km grid resolution. Comparing the year-long simulation against the measurements showed a salient improvement in simulating near-surface wind fields by reducing the root mean square error of approximately 1 m/s. Furthermore, the improved wind field simulation led to a better agreement in the Eulerian estimate of the local atmospheric dispersion. The new subgrid-scale topographic drag parameterization was essential for improved performance, suggesting the importance of the subgrid-scale momentum interactions in the atmospheric surface layer.Conclusion: A new dynamic downscaling method has been developed to produce high-resolution local meteorological fields around the Kori and Wolsong NPPs, which can be used in short-range atmospheric dispersion modeling near the NPPs.
The behavioral finance of MSMEs in the advancement of financial inclusion and financial technology (Fintech)
Authors: Risman Asep , Ali Anees Janee , Soelton Mochamad , Siswanti Indra
Published: April 2023

This study aims to determine empirical evidence of the effect of financial inclusion and financial technology (fintech) on the behavioral finance of MSMEs. This study uses a quantitative method with a positivist paradigm approach. The population of this study is all MSMEs in Indonesia. The sample used in this study is 205 respondents (MSME owners) from all over Indonesia. Sampling is carried out using a random technique. Data collection is carried out by distributing questionnaires, both manually and online using Google Forms, and is measured using a 5-point Likert scale. The data processing is carried out using Partial Least Square (PLS) software with a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) model. The results of this study show that financial inclusion and financial technology (fintech) have a direct positive effect on the behavioral finance of MSMEs. Financial technology (fintech) can mediate and increase the effect of financial inclusion on the behavioral finance of MSMEs.
ETIKA SOSIAL GUS DUR
Authors: Salam Abdus
Published: April 2023

Islam as a complete religion that actually provides a view and the right way oflife. Yet in the reality Muslim often ignores to see social problems that continue to occur. This is seen from the lack of attention in Islam on the problem of poverty and oppression. Islam only appears in the form of individual mistake that escapist. Whereas, the Qur'an has clearly explained the concern very beautiful, as in QS. al-Baqarah [2]: 177. Therefore, it is important to re-read the meaning oflslam  by more open and critical approach, one of them through discourse ethics, which in Islam is known as "akhlak" terms. Through the theological-philosophical approach, by tracing the motives of social ethicsin the thought of Abdurrahman Wahid, who understand (through indigenization of lslam) Islamic teaching (tauhid) critically in order to realize "social pillar", this research aims to probe again the akhlak relevance (Islam) in the context of humanitarianism and Indonesian culture to answer any real-life problem for the realization of social welfare.
RESENSI - Persiapan Mental Sebelum Berfilsafat dan Belajar Filsafat
Authors: Ulfa Maria
Published: April 2023

Judul Buku: Sebelum Filsafat, Pemahaman Awal Untuk Para PeminatFilsafatPenulis Buku: Fahruddin FaizPenerbit: FA-Press YogyakartaTahun Terbit: 2014Jumlah Halaman: 152
FUNDAMENTALISME: SEMANGAT MENJAGA KEMURNIAN ISLAM KRITIK KONSTRUKTIF WILLIAM MONTGOMERY WATT
Authors: Taufik Muhammad
Published: April 2023

As a popular issue recently, the fundamentalism is more understood as a movement within a sect, school or religion that striving to return to what they believe as the fundamentals or the foundations. The groups followed this idea are often involved conflict with another groups even within their own religion for the reason that their missions are to get rid ofthe impurities ofreligion. In positive meaning, "fundamentalist" is a term referring to a movement that revival or purify the religion. As stated in this writing, in Islam this fundamentalist movement is also increased, as a study by W. Montgomery Watt.According to Watt the Islamic fundamentalist group is the Muslim group that accepting traditional world view and making an effort to preserve it completely. More over according to Watt, the emerging of fundamentalism in Islam is a kind of encounter to what they call as "the enemy oflslam" in this case is the West. Beside of that, Watt articulated that traditional Muslims are also decline pluralism as a necessity.
PEMIKIRAN TAUHID TGH. UMAR KELAYU DALAM KITAB MANZARULAMRAD FI BAYANI QITH'ATIN MINALl'TIQAD
Authors: Fadli Adi
Published: April 2023

This writing will specifically explore the thought ofTGH Umar Kelayu a teacher of teachers in Lombok and surrounding area. TGH Umar Kelayu is well known in various Islamic studies, such as Quran, hadits, tauhid, tasawuf, nahwu, sharaf, balaghah. By focusing in text called Manzarul Amrad ff Bayani Qith 'atin Mina! I tiqddi can be concluded that the tauhid's thought ofTGH Umar Kelayu is including to Ahlussunnah wal Jama' ah, i.e. based on the Asy' ariyah and Maturidiyah. According to the content of basic tauhid's material of the text, the target audiences ofTGH Umar Kelayu are the common Muslim, since the basic tauhid is important to the Muslims. The text Manzalu Al-Amradi fi Bayani Qith 'atin min al- 'Iqtiqddi explicates tauhid briefly in three divisions. First part explains wajib, mustahil, and jaiz character ofAllah; second part explains wajib, mustahil, and jaiz character of the prophet; and third part explains the rukun iman. All this parts are explained briefly, shortly, and clearly with their dalil naqli and aqli with the real examples.
KRITISISME KANT: RELEVANSINYA BAGI TEOLOGI ISLAM DAN KEMISKINAN
Authors: Widiadharma Novian , Arif Muhammad
Published: April 2023

Poverty is the real phenomena within Indonesian Muslim communities. In order to be actual, Islamic Theology  should give the answer to this real problem within ummah i.e. the problem of poverty. The question is could the theology to answer the problem of poverty? This research tries to reflect to Criticism developed by Immanuel Kant. By its criticism Kant successfully answer the question whether the metaphysics  as a science  is possible? However finally Kant tends to reject the validity of the metaphysics as a science, he still accepts the principle of synthesis a priori as a mode of science. In order to make Islamic Theology discourses could answer the problem of poverty, the Islamic Theology should learn from Kant criticism project. The Islamic Theology should move from a priory approach to synthetic a priory approach. Because without the support of historical-empirical approach in the social sciences, the a priori-ahistoris character of lslamic Theology toward social facts will never able to answer the problem ofpoverty within Indonesian Muslim communities.
METAFISIKA KETUHANAN DALAM PANDANGAN KALAM DAN PENGALAMAN RELIGIUS
Authors: Zulkarnain Iskandar
Published: April 2023

Kalam, in general, could be stated as a study that focused to examine the central theological doctrines. By studying Kalam, it will give someone convictions based on solid arguments, not easily distracting by the change of time. Theological metaphysics is one of subject matter in Kalam. Metaphysics in Kalam supposed a certain level of understanding towards "God"; that assumed "God" could be understood. The equivocal term such as "being" (wujud) will obscure the understanding to that "being" should be translated to "existence"  (mawjud), as consequence  therefore "God" become "the permanent" (al-tsabit). Inrelation to Kalam, religious experience has a function as a spiritualvision benefactor in Kalam understanding. Profound appreciationthrough heart (dzauq and wijdan) to study of tauhid or Kalam make this study more appreciate and applicate in attitude. For that reason, religious experience is the perfection of study of tauhid from the perspective of religious experience; it is spiritual application from study oftauhid. This writing analyse the theological metaphysics by religious experience that is lack of attention according to the writer.
Mannheim Membaca Tafsir Quraish Shihab dan Bahtiar Nasir Tentang Auliya’ Surah Al-Maidah Ayat 51
Authors: Ramli Ramli
Published: April 2023

The author will examine al-Maidah verse 51 according to Quraish Shihab and Bachtiar Nasir, on the one hand, which as the holy book of Muslims with social phenomena arising from events in the Thousand Islands, on the other. It will be analyzed using the sociology of Mannheim’s knowledge. Quraish Shihab interprets auliya ‘not just one meaning: leader, because basically the word comes from a close meaning. So he, in al-Maidah verse 51, then raises the meaning of supporters, defenders, patrons, lovers and more important: all of which refer and have affiliation of the meaning of closeness. So it can be concluded in this conclusion that Quraihs Shihab is extrinsically disagreeing with the leader as the only meaning in the verse. In contrast to Quraish Shihab, Bachtiar Nasir actually interpreted auliya ‘as a leader. This meaning is based on the asbab al- nuzul which he describes in Tadabbur al-Qur’an, that the historicity in this verse has a leadership precedent.[Penulis akan menelaah Al-Maidah ayat 51 menurut Quraish Shihab dan Bachtiar Nasir, di satu sisi, yang sebagai kitab suci umat Islam dengan fenomena sosial yang muncul akibat dari peristiwa di Kepulaun Seribu, di sisi yang lain. Ini akan dianalisis menggunakan sosiologi pengetahuan Mannheim. Quraish Shihab menafsirkan auliya’tidak hanya satu makn: pemimpin, karena pada dasarnya kata tersebut berasal dari makna dekat. Sehingga ia, dalam Al-Maidah ayat 51 ini, kemudian memunculkan makna pendukung, pembela, pelindung, yang mencintai dan lebih utama: yang kesemuanya merujuk dan memiliki afiliasi makna kedekatan. Sehingga bisa disimpulkan dalam penutup ini bila Quraihs Shihab secara ekstrinsik tidak menyetujui pemimpin sebagai satu-satunya arti dalam ayat yang bersangkutan. Berbeda dengan Quraish Shihab, Bachtiar Nasir justru memaknai auliya’ sebagai pemimpin. Pemaknaan ini dilandasi oleh asbab al-nuzul yang ia jelaskan dalam Tadabbur al-Qur’an, bahwa kesejarahan dalam ayat ini memiliki preseden kepemimpinan.]
Transendensi Filsafat Ilmu ()
Authors: Saifullah Muhammad
Published: April 2023

Judul buku     : Filsafat Ilmu, Integrasi dan TransendensiPenulis           : Musa Asy’ariePenerbit          : LESFI UIN Sunan KalijagaTahun terbit    : 2016Halaman        : 143Pengulas        : Muhammad Saifullah
Pengaruh Kekuasaan Atas Pengetahuan (Memahami Teori Relasi Kuasa Michel Foucault)
Authors: Syafiuddin Arif
Published: April 2023

This article attempts to outline the concept of power of Michel Foucault based on the major works that he wrote during his lifetime. Foucault asserts that power exists everywhere, especially concerning the relationship between power and discourse of knowledge. Here, for him, the will to truth is the expression of the will to power. It is impossible for the knowledge to be neutral and pure. Therefore, there will be always a correlation between the two matters, i.e. the knowledge contains power, just like the power contains knowledge. This means that power is one dimension of the relation. Where there is a relationship, there is a power.