bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bound to Fail: The Rise and Fall of the Liberal International Order
Authors: Mearsheimer John J.
Published: April 2019

The liberal international order, erected after the Cold War, was crumbling by 2019. It was flawed from the start and thus destined to fail. The spread of liberal democracy around the globe—essential for building that order—faced strong resistance because of nationalism, which emphasizes self-determination. Some targeted states also resisted U.S. efforts to promote liberal democracy for security-related reasons. Additionally, problems arose because a liberal order calls for states to delegate substantial decisionmaking authority to international institutions and to allow refugees and immigrants to move easily across borders. Modern nation-states privilege sovereignty and national identity, however, which guarantees trouble when institutions become powerful and borders porous. Furthermore, the hyperglobalization that is integral to the liberal order creates economic problems among the lower and middle classes within the liberal democracies, fueling a backlash against that order. Finally, the liberal order accelerated China's rise, which helped transform the system from unipolar to multipolar. A liberal international order is possible only in unipolarity. The new multipolar world will feature three realist orders: a thin international order that facilitates cooperation, and two bounded orders—one dominated by China, the other by the United States—poised for waging security competition between them.
Rediscovery, hosts and systematics of Holothuriophilus trapeziformis Nauck, 1880 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Pinnotheridae)
Authors: CAMPOS ERNESTO , PELÁEZ-ZÁRATE VÍCTOR ARTURO , SOLÍS-MARÍN FRANCISCO A.
Published: April 2019

The type species of Holothuriophilus Nauck, 1880, H. trapeziformis Nauck, 1880 is rediscovered in the type locality,Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico and in a new locality, Zihuatanejo Bay, Guerrero, Mexico. The generic diagnostic features in-clude a smooth, transversally elongated carapace, that is broader than long, widest portion anterior to middle portion andwith a cristate anterolateral margin; basal antennal article lacking a conical protuberance; third maxilliped with fusedischium and merus, spoon-shaped dactyl larger than subtrapezoidal propodus which is subequal in length to the carpus;abdomen with six somites and free telson. Hosts recorded for H. trapeziformis include the holothurids Holothuria inornataSemper, 1868, H. lubrica Selenka, 1867 and H. kefersteini Selenka, 1867 (=Paraholothuria riojai Caso, 1964), however,only the former is herein confirmed. Holothuriophilus trapeziformis can be separated from its eastern Pacific congener H.pacificus (Poeppig, 1836) because the fingers of the chela meet when closed instead of leaving a gape as in the latter species.La especie tipo de Holothuriophilus Nauck, 1880, H. trapeziformis Nauck, 1880, fue redescubierta en la localidad tipo,Mazatlán, Sinaloa y en una nueva localidad, Zihuatanejo, Guerrero, México. Las características diagnósticas incluyen: ca-parazón transversalmente alargado, más ancho que largo, su mayor amplitud anterior a la parte media, liso, y con el mar-gen anterolateral cristado; artejo basal de la antena carece de una protuberancia cónica; tercer maxilipedio con el isquio ymero fusionado, dáctilo de forma acucharado, más largo que el subtrapezoidal propodio el cual es subigual en longitud alcarpo, y el abdomen de seis somitos y telson libre. Los huéspedes registrados para esta especie incluyen a Holothuria in-ornata Semper, 1868, H. lubrica Selenka, 1867 y H. kefersteini Selenka, 1867 (=Paraholothuria riojai Caso, 1964), perosólo la primer especie es aquí confirmada. Holothuriophilus trapeziformis puede ser separado de su congénere del Pacíficooriental, H. pacificus (Poeppig, 1836), debido a que los dedos de la quela se juntan al cerrarse en vez de dejar una abertura como en la última especie.
Review of the phyline plant bug tribe Auricillocorini from Asia, with descriptions of a new genus and nine new species from Japan, Nepal and Thailand (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae)
Authors: YASUNAGA TOMOHIDE
Published: April 2019

The phyline plant bug tribe Auricillocorini from Asia is reviewed; 23 species in 6 genera are shown to occur in the Indo-Pacific. A new genus, Artchawakomius, is proposed to accommodate two undescribed, morphologically novel species from Thailand. Nine new species are described from Japanese Ryukyus, Nepal or Thailand: Artchawakomius moteus, A. pius, Cleotomiris miyamotoi, C. yamadakazi, Cleotomiroides tobii, Wygomiris kaliyahae, W. nanae, W. ramae and Zaratus hidekun. Photographic images of living individuals are provided for all new species. The female genitalic structures, which have not been employed for classification of the Auricillocorini, are described and figured for six available species. Wygomiris indochinensis Schuh, known thus far only from Laos, is found also in Thailand; the female is reported for the first time. A checklist of Auricillocorini and a discussion on phylogenetic relationships for all known genera are provided.
Two Eocene species of Culiseta (Diptera: Culicidae) from the Kishenehn Formation in Montana
Authors: HARBACH RALPH E. , GREENWALT DALE
Published: April 2019

Culiseta kishenehn, sp. n. and Cs. lemniscata, sp. n. (Diptera: Culicidae: Culisetini) are described from compression fos-sils from the 46 million year old Kishenehn shale deposits in Montana, USA. The new species appear to share featureswith extant species of subgenera Climacura and Culicella, respectively. The antiquity of Culiseta is examined and previ-ously described Eocene fossil species are discussed. Eoaedes gen. n. and Aetheapnomyia gen. n. are established for Aedes damzeni Podėnas and Ae. hoffeinsorum Szadziewski, two Eocene fossil species in Baltic amber.
New species of the genus Psix Kozlov & Lê (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae)
Authors: SINGH LONGJAM RONI KUMAR , JOHNSON NORMAN F. , RAMAMURTHY V. V.
Published: April 2019

Psix sunithae sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. Specimens of the new species have been reared from coreid eggs laid on the leaf of Nux Vomica. Psix abnormis Kozlov & Lê and P. saccharicola (Mani) are redescribed and an updated identification key to Indian species of Psix is provided.
A new species of Scirtes (Coleoptera: Scirtidae) from southern Florida and the Caribbean
Authors: EPLER J. H.
Published: April 2019

A new species, Scirtes goliai Epler, is described from southern Florida, the Bahamas and the Cayman Islands.  It is distinguished by its small size, oblong habitus, brown coloration, laminate prosternum and distinctive genitalia.  The species appears to be associated with mangroves.
Nematodes from galls on Myrtaceae. III. Fergusobia from flower bud and stigma galls on Eucalyptus, with descriptions of four new species
Authors: DAVIES KERRIE , GIBLIN-DAVIS ROBIN , YE WEIMIN , TAYLOR GARY , THOMAS KELLEY
Published: April 2019

Four new species of Fergusobia from flower bud galls and a stigma gall on Eucalyptus spp. in Australia are described. Fer-gusobia eugenioidae Davies n. sp. is characterised by having an arcuate, open C or C-shaped parthenogenetic female witha conoid tail, an arcuate to open C-shaped infective female with a hooked tail region and a broadly rounded tail tip, andarcuate or open C-shaped males with angular spicules and short bursa. Fergusobia fasciculosae Davies n. sp. is character-ised by the combination of an arcuate parthenogenetic female with a short, broadly conoid tail, an open C-shaped infectivefemale with a hemispherical tail tip, and J-shaped males with angular spicules and short peloderan bursa. This is the firstFergusobia/Fergusonina association to be described from flower stigma galls. Fergusobia juliae Davies n. sp. is character-ised by the combination of an arcuate to C-shaped parthenogenetic female with a short, broadly conoid tail, a J-shaped in-fective female with a hooked tail region, a cuticular plate around the vulva, and a broadly rounded tail tip, and J-shapedmales with angular spicules and short peloderan bursa. Fergusobia morrisae Davies n. sp. has a C-shaped parthenogeneticfemale with a narrowly conoid tail, an arcuate or J-shaped infective female with most curvature behind the vulva and a shorttail with an almost hemispherical tip, and arcuate or J-shaped males with strongly sclerotised, angular spicules and a longpeloderan bursa. Other known similar forms of Fergusobia/Fergusonina flower bud galls from Eucalyptus spp. are outlinedand the larval shield morphology of their associated mutualistic fly species is discussed where known. An inventory of allknown Fergusobia/Fergusonina associations from flower bud galls from Eucalyptus spp. is presented. Molecular analysisof Fergusobia nematodes was inferred from DNA sequencing of 28S rDNA D2/D3 domains and a portion of mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtCOI). Possible evolutionary relationships are discussed.
Isaura Lamouroux, in Audouin, Bourdon, de Candolle, d’Aubebard de Férussac, Deshayes, Deslongchamps, É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, I. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Guérin, Guillemin, de Jussieu, Kunth, Delafosse, Lamouroux, Latreille, Prévost, Richard & Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1826, an available name and objective synonym of Isaurus Gray, 1828: reversal of precedence (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia)
Authors: LOW MARTYN E. Y. , REIMER JAMES DAVIS
Published: April 2019

Savigny (1811: pl. 2, figs. 1–4, caption) presented four species of zoanthids which he referred to as “Isaures fixées” in French (not Latin) in his work on cnidarians from Egypt. Audouin (1826: 229–231) later wrote the text to accompany Savigny’s (1811: pl. 2) plates, when the latter’s health failed (see Sherborn 1897: 287).
A new quill mite Syringophiloidus pseudonigritae sp. nov. (Prostigmata, Syringophilidae) parasitizing Pseudonigrita arnaudi (Passeriformes, Ploceidae)—a combined description using morphology and DNA barcode data
Authors: GLOWSKA ELIZA , DRAGUN-DAMIAN ANNA , DABERT JACEK
Published: April 2019

A new quill mite species Syringophiloidus pseudonigritae sp. nov. is described using a combination of morphological dataand COI sequence data. The mite was found parasitizing a Grey-headed Social-Weaver Pseudonigrita arnaudi (Bonaparte) (Passeriformes, Ploceidae), which was captured in Tanzania and died in a German aviary.
A review of the hyperiidean amphipod families Mimonectidae and Proscinidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Hyperiidea: Scinoidea)
Authors: ZEIDLER WOLFGANG
Published: April 2019

A taxonomic review of the hyperiidean amphipod families Mimonectidae and Proscinidae, superfamily Sciniodea, is pre-sented, based predominantly on collections held by the Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. Priorto this review the family Mimonectidae consisted of two genera, Mimonectes with five species and Pseudomimonecteswith one species, and the family Proscinidae consisted of three genera, Proscina with five species, Mimoscina with twospecies and Cheloscina with one species. The five nominal species of Mimonectes are also recognised in this review withthe addition of three new species, M. alexanderi sp. nov., M. colemani sp. nov. and M. neosphaericus sp. nov. No morespecimens of Pseudomimonectes were found, and this genus is still known only from the unique type. A critical review ofthe family Proscinidae is presented arguing that its taxonomic distinction from the family Mimonectidae cannot be main-tained. Amongst the genus Proscina, P. scinoides (Woltereck, 1906) is considered a species of Mimoscina and P. magnaStephensen and Pirlot, 1931 a junior synonym of Mimonectes loveni Bovallius, 1885. The remaining three species are con-sidered valid for the time being and are transferred to the genus Mimonectes. Thus, eleven species of Mimonectes are rec-ognised in this review. Cheloscina, still known only from the unique type, is also similar to Mimonectes, apart from themorphology of the first antennae, and is here included in the family Mimonectidae. Mimoscina however possesses severalcharacters distinguishing it from other members of the Mimonectidae and a new family, Mimoscinidae fam. nov. is pro-posed to accommodate it. The two nominal species of Mimoscina are also recognised in this review with the addition ofone new species, M. galbraithae sp. nov. Amongst the extensive Dana collections is one specimen that clearly belongswith the Scinoidea but possesses several unique characters that preclude it from all other currently recognised families.Thus, a new family, Microscinidae fam. nov. is proposed to accommodate this new genus and species, Microscina rostratagen. et sp. nov. Keys are provided for all families, genera and species, together with diagnoses, and all species are illustrated.
Graptocarcininae n. subfam., an extinct subfamily of Dynomenidae Ortmann, 1892 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Podotremata)
Authors: VAN BAKEL BARRY W. M. , GUINOT DANIÈLE , CORRAL JOSÉ CARMELO , ARTAL PEDRO
Published: April 2019

Newly available material of a dynomenid crab, Graptocarcinus urbasaensis n. sp., from the Upper Cretaceous of northernSpain (Álava and Navarra), allowed the study of the morphology of well preserved ventral surfaces. We describe a newsubfamily of Dynomenidae, comprising the middle-Upper Cretaceous Graptocarcinus and the Upper Jurassic Cyclothy-reus. Graptocarcininae n. subfam. shows a primitive configuration of the abdomen and an abdominal holding mechanismthat is similar to that of the Acanthodromiinae. Recognition of this ancient extinct subfamily confirms that the Dynomenidae is amongst the most basal brachyuran families.
Description of Alcyonohippolyte brachycarpus sp. nov., a further new hippolytid shrimp (Decapoda, Caridea, Hippolytidae) associated with soft coral from Taiwan, with the key to the species of the genus Alcyonohippolyte Marin, Okuno & Chan, 2011
Authors: MARIN IVAN , CHAN TIN-YAM
Published: April 2019

A new species of soft coral associated hippolytid shrimp of the hippolytid shrimp genus Alcyonohippolyte Marin, Okuno& Chan, 2011 is described from northern Taiwan. The new species, Alcyonohippolyte brachycarpus sp. nov., inhabits softcoral “Sinularia sp.”, the same host as for A. maculata Marin, Okuno & Chan, 2011. At the same time, the new speciescan be easily separated from A. maculata by different coloration as well as having shorter carpal segments of pereiopodsII in females. Though occurring simpatrically, these two species have not yet been found inhabiting the same host together.The key for all known species of the genus Alcyonohippolyte is given based on morphology of females as no males have yet been known for the type species of the genus Alcyonohippolyte, A. dossena Marin, Okuno & Chan, 2010.
Advertisement call of the rare, explosive breeding caatinga horned frog Ceratophrys joazeirensis Mercadal de Barrio, 1986 (Anura, Ceratophryidae)
Authors: ZAIDAN BÁRBARA FERNANDES , LEITE FELIPE SÁ FORTES
Published: April 2019

The present study describes for the first time the advertisement call of Ceratophrys joazeirensis Mercadal de Barrio, 1986. This rare explosive breeding species is endemic to the semi-arid Caatinga biome and is known only from four localities in northeastern Brazil: Municipality of Juazeiro, State of Bahia (type locality); Municipalities of Araruna and Triunfo, State of Paraíba; and Municipality of Passa and Fica, State of Rio Grande do Norte (Mercadal de Barrio, 1986; Vieira et al. 2006; Santos et al. 2009).
Remarks on the deep-sea genus Pseudolamprops (Cumacea: Lampropidae)
Authors: ROCCATAGLIATA DANIEL , MÜHLENHARDT-SIEGEL UTE
Published: April 2019

Based on two specimens collected in the Antarctic deep-sea (4928 m) the adult female and male of the genusPseudolamprops Gamô, 1989 are described for the first time. A new combination is proposed, Pseudolamprops profundus(Reyss, 1978) comb. nov., and several new records from the North Atlantic and Antarctica are provided. The diagnosis of Pseudolamprops is revised on the account of the new material available.
Lusoblothrus, a new syarinid pseudoscorpion genus (Arachnida) from Portugal, occupying an isolated position within the Holarctic fauna
Authors: REBOLEIRA ANA SOFIA P. S. , ZARAGOZA JUAN A. , GONÇALVES FERNANDO , OROMÍ PEDRO
Published: April 2019

The new pseudoscorpion genus Lusoblothrus of the family Syarinidae is described from a cave in the Algarve region, southernPortugal, to accommodate L. aenigmaticus sp. nov., whose morphological affinities within the Holarctic syarinid fauna are notclear and resembles the Gondwanan genera. This discovery emphasizes the relevance of the Algarve region as a hotspot for relictual hypogean fauna within the Iberian Peninsula.
Revision of the Amphibolips species of Mexico excluding the "niger complex" Kinsey (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), with description of seven new species
Authors: NIEVES-ALDREY JOSÉ LUIS , PASCUAL E. , MALDONADO-LOPEZ Y. , MEDIANERO E. , OYAMA K.
Published: April 2019

The species of Amphibolips Reinhard 1865 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) of Mexico not included in the “niger complex” Kinsey 1937 are revised. The “nassa complex” recently created by Melika et al. (2011) for these species is questioned. As a result of faunistic surveys of oak gall wasps in Mexico, seven new species of Amphibolips are described: Amphibolips durangensis Nieves-Aldrey & Maldonado, A. malinche Nieves-Aldrey & Pascual, A. jaliscensis Nieves-Aldrey & Pascual, A. oaxacae Nieves-Aldrey & Pascual, A. nevadensis Nieves-Aldrey & Pascual, A. tarasco Nieves-Aldrey & Pascual and A. michoacaensis Nieves-Aldrey & Maldonado. The types of A. dampfi Kinsey 1937, A. nebris Kinsey 1937 and A. fusus Kinsey 1937 are revised, redescribed and compared with the new species described herein. A new key for the identification of adults of all species not included in the “niger complex” from Mexico, including the related species A. castroviejoi Medianero & Nieves-Aldrey and A. aliciae Medianero & Nieves-Aldrey from Panama, is presented.  Diagnostic characters, distribution data, host plants and species biology are provided for of all of the studied species. The richness and distribution of Amphibolips in Mexico and the Neotropical region, their known biological data, and the taxonomic limits of this genus are also discussed.
A revision of the genus Pseudocosmetura (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Meconematinae)
Authors: SHI FU-MING , BIAN XUN
Published: April 2019

The paper deals with two new species of the genus Pseudocosmetura from China, i. e. Pseudocosmetura nanlingensis sp. nov. and Pseudocosmetura curva sp. nov. Photographs of two known species, a key to the species of the genus and a distribution map are provided.
Description of a new species of the hippolytid shrimp genus Eualus Thallwitz, 1892 from Japan, and clarification of the status of E. kikuchii Miyake & Hayashi, 1967 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea)
Authors: KOMAI TOMOYUKI , FUJIWARA YOSHIHIRO
Published: April 2019

This study reports on two species of the hippolytid shrimp genus Eualus Thallwitz, 1892 from Japan. The first, Eualusctenomerus n. sp., is described on the basis of six specimens from off southern Kyushu. The new species appears closestto E. cteniferus (Barnard, 1950) from South Africa, E. drachi Noël, 1978 from the Mediterranean, E. lebourae Holthuis,1951 from the eastern Atlantic, and E. pectiniformis Hanamura, 2008 from southeastern Australia. The second is referredto E. kikuchii Miyake & Hayashi, 1967, which has been considered to be synonymous with E. bulychevae Kobjakova,1955, described from the South Kuril Islands, Far East Russia. Eualus kikuchii is redescribed as a valid species on thebasis of the holotype and additional specimens from various Japanese localities. Both species occurred in the whale-fall ecosystems located off Cape Nomamisaki, Kyushu, Kagoshima Prefecture.
An Annotated Catalog of the Iranian Berytidae and Piesmatidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomomorpha: Lygaeoidea)
Authors: GHAHARI HASSAN , MOULET PIERRE
Published: April 2019

A list of Iranian Berytidae and Piesmatidae (Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea), with 25 species (16 species of Berytidae and 9 species of Piesmatidae), is given in this paper. Apoplymus pectoralis Fieber 1859, Berytinus clavipes (Fabricius 1775) (both Berytidae), Parapiesma kochiae (Becker 1867), and P. tenellum (Horváth 1906) (both Piesmatidae) are reported as new records for Iran.
A new species of Dendroleon Brauer, 1866 (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontidae) from China
Authors: ZHAN QINGBIN , WANG ZHILIANG , ÁBRAHÁM LEVENTE , WANG XINLI
Published: April 2019

A new species of the genus Dendroleon (Dendroleon falcatus Zhan & Wang sp. nov.) is described from China. This new species can be distinguished from other Dendroleon species by the following characters: the significantly larger size, the long abdomen in males, and the particular wing shape and markings. Dendroleon javanus Banks, 1914 was previously reported in China based on a misidentification; the Chinese specimens are actually Bullanga florida (Navás, 1913). An identification key and distribution map are provided for Dendroleon species recorded from China.
Serum concentration and vascular expression of adiponectin are differentially associated with the diabetic calcifying peripheral arteriopathy
Authors: Aubert Carole E. , Liabeuf Sophie , Amouyal Chloé , Kemel Salim , Lajat-Kiss Frédérique , Lacorte Jean-Marc , Halbron Marine , Carlier Aurélie , Salem Joe-Elie , Funck-Brentano Christian , Perisic Matic Ljubica , Witasp Anna , Stenvinkel Peter , Phan Franck , Massy Ziad A. , Hartemann Agnès , Bourron Olivier
Published: April 2019

Background

Medial calcification in diabetes contributes to the arterial occlusive process occurring below the knee level. Adiponectin is an adipokine with atheroprotective properties and possible protective role against arterial calcification. The aim of the study was to investigate, in type 2 diabetes, the link between vascular expression and serum concentration of adiponectin and (1) peripheral arterial calcification and (2) lower limb occlusive arterial disease.

Methods

Scoring of peripheral vascular calcification and peripheral arterial occlusive disease, using CT-scan and color-duplex ultrasonography respectively, were conducted and explored in relation to serum adiponectin level in a cross sectional study of 197 patients with type 2 diabetes. Vascular adiponectin expression in the arterial wall of diabetic patients with and without medial calcification was evaluated by immunohistochemistry.

Results

Peripheral arterial calcification score was higher in patients with the highest adiponectin concentration. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, an increase of 1 µg/mL of adiponectin was associated with a 22% increase of arterial calcification (adjusted OR = 1.22; 95% CI 1.03–1.44; p = 0.02). Arterial occlusive score was also higher in patients with adiponectin concentration > median (2.8 ± 4.8 vs 4.2 ± 5.7, p = 0.034). Immunohistochemical analyses showed a strong and specific staining of adiponectin in smooth muscle cells in calcified arteries, with a more pronounced expression of adiponectin in early stages of medial calcification.

Conclusions

Peripheral arterial calcification is positively associated with circulating adiponectin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes, but vascular adiponectin expression is already observed at early stages of calcification. Adiponectin secretion could be a compensatory mechanism against the calcification process.

Trial registration DIACART NCT number: NCT02431234. Registered 30 April 2015
Cream Skimming and Information Design in Matching Markets
Authors: Romanyuk Gleb , Smolin Alex
Published: April 2019

Short-lived buyers arrive to a platform over time and randomly match with sellers. The sellers stay at the platform and decide whether to accept incoming requests. The platform designs what buyer information the sellers observe before deciding to form a match. We show full information disclosure leads to a market failure because of excessive rejections by the sellers. If sellers are homogeneous, then coarse information policies are able to restore efficiency. If sellers are heterogeneous, then simple censorship policies are often constrained efficient as shown by a method of calculus of variations. (JEL C78, D82, D83)
Mechanical and Microstructure Properties on Al-Cu Joint processed by Friction Stir Welding: The effect of Tilt Angle Tool
Authors: Jupri Jupri , Affi Jon , Chandra Devi , Asrofi Mochamad
Published: April 2019

The tilt angle tool on Aluminum A5083 and Copper C11000 joint processed by Friction Stir Welding (FSW) was observed in this study. The rotation speed and transverse speed were used as a parameter process for 2500 rpm and 30 mm/min, respectively. The tensile test and microstructure observation were carried out to determine the tensile strength and metal flow on Al-Cu joint, respectively. The result shows that the highest tensile strength was in 2o tilt angle tool for 105 MPa. Its fracture surface was more close to Al and formed brittle formation.The metal flows of Al-Cu with 0o and 2o were not homogeneous and formed an agglomeration of Cu particle to Al surface.
Essex-Lopresti injuries: an update
Authors: Masouros Panagiotis T. , Apergis Emmanuel P. , Babis George C. , Pernientakis Stylianos S. , Igoumenou Vasilios G. , Mavrogenis Andreas F. , Nikolaou Vasileios S.
Published: April 2019

Reconstruction of the central band of the interosseous membrane is an emerging procedure implemented in the treatment of longitudinal radioulnar dissociation (LRUD), usually in its chronic setting, after Essex-Lopresti injuries of the forearm. There are no sufficient clinical data to support reconstruction of the central band of the interosseous membrane in acute LRUD injuries. Clinical and cadaveric studies comparing autografts (palmaris longus, flexor carpi radialis and bone-patellar-bone), allografts (Achilles tendon) and synthetic ligaments have not shown superiority of one technique versus another; however, they have shown special concerns with respect to the use of synthetic grafts. Latrogenic fracture, decrease of rotational range of movement, iatrogenic nerve injury (superficial radial and median nerve), donor site morbidity with autografts and recurrent instability are the complications reported in literature after interosseous membrane reconstruction.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2019;4:143-150. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.4.180072
Factors Affecting Consent Rate for Whole Genome Sequencing of Patients with Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Tsang Jinny
Published: April 2019

The Whole Genome Sequencing Project initiated by The Hospital for Sick Children of Toronto intents to enroll patients between one to eighteen years of age with congenital heart disease to test the efficiency of such a method for potential personalized diagnoses and treatments. Twenty-five randomly approached patients were chosen to be observed of their consent rate to the project based on factors of age, gender, ethnicity, presence of heart diseases in the patient’s family, and type of congenital heart disease represented. Females and ethnicities not of European descent are considered to be a part of the minority groups, generally being under represented thus having a lower consent rate. There were no significant correlations between consent rates and familial history of heart disease, type of heart disease and age groups. All these findings can aid in future studies of the SickKids Hospital; which patients should be approached for higher consent rates, and the inclusivity of minority groups to alleviate bias in medical studies.
Latin American and Caribbean Sex Workers: Gains and challenges in the movement
Authors: Cabezas Amalia L.
Published: April 2019

This article challenges the notion that the organised sex worker movement originated in the Global North. Beginning in Havana, Cuba at the end of the nineteenth century, sex workers in the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region have been organising for recognition and labour rights. This article focuses on some of the movement’s advances, such as the election of a sex worker to public office in the Dominican Republic, the system where Nicaraguan sex workers act as court-appointed judicial facilitators, the networks of sex worker organisations throughout the region, and cutting-edge media strategies used to claim social and labour rights. Sex workers are using novel strategies designed to disrupt the hegemonic social order; contest the inequalities, discrimination, and injustices experienced by women in the sex trade; provoke critical reflection; and raise the visibility of sex work advocacy. New challenges to the movement include the abolitionist movement, the conflation of all forms of sex work with human trafficking, and practices that seek to ‘rescue’ consenting adults from the sex trade.
Sex Work, Migration, and Human Trafficking in South Africa: From polarised arguments to potential partnerships
Authors: Yingwana Ntokozo , Walker Dr Rebecca , Etchart Alex
Published: April 2019

In South Africa, the conflation of sex work with human trafficking means that migrant/mobile sex workers are often framed as victims of trafficking while arguments for the decriminalisation of sex work are discounted due to claims about the risks of increased trafficking. This is despite the lack of clear evidence that trafficking, including in the sex industry, is a widespread problem. Sex worker organisations have called for an evidence-based approach whereby migration, sex work, and trafficking are distinguished and the debate moves beyond the polarised divisions over sex work. This paper takes up this argument by drawing on research with sex workers and a sex worker organisation in South Africa, as well as reflections shared at two Sex Workers’ Anti-trafficking Research Symposiums. In so doing, the authors propose the further development of a Sex Work, Exploitation, and Migration/Mobility Model that takes into consideration the complexities of the quotidian experiences of migration and selling sex. This, we suggest, could enable a more effective and productive partnership between sex worker organisations and other stakeholder groups, including anti-trafficking and labour rights organisations, trade unions, and others to protect the rights and well-being of all those involved in sex work.
Study of Antimicrobial Activity of Actinomycetes Isolates from Non-Medicinal Plants
Produced Soil & Soil Surrounding Medicinal Plants in Junagadh, India
Authors: DARSHIT RAM , PANDYA DEVANG
Published: April 2019

Isolation and screening of actinomycetes and compare its antimicrobial activity from non-medicinal plant produced soil with soil surrounding medicinal plant. In this study total 22 soil samples collected in two sets one from soil surrounding medicinal plant area of Junagadh and other not nearby medicinal plant of same region. Primary screening of isolate done using cross streak method with 8 test pathogens. Secondary screening of most potent 10 isolates equal from both sets by agar well diffusion. Thirty two isolate observed from soil samples of 11 places which were not nearby medicinal plants and 36 isolate observed from soil samples collected surrounding 11 different medicinal plants. (A)OS1, (A)OS3, (A)AI1, (A)TF1 and (A)RI1 were most potent isolates produced from soil surrounding medicinal plant compare to set 2. It was found set1 showed 72.22 % and set 2 showed 53.12 % activity.
Aquaporin Expression in Colonic Mucosal Biopsies From Irritable Bowel Syndrome With Diarrhea
Authors: Camilleri Michael , Carlson Paula , Chedid Victor , Vijayvargiya Priya , Burton Duane , Busciglio Irene
Published: April 2019

INTRODUCTION:

Aquaporin (AQP) channels are involved in regulating fluid homeostasis in the colon. Several AQP channels were detected in human colon epithelial cells. In a previous study, rats fed 1% (wt/wt) sodium cholate had increased AQP3, 7, and 8 levels, suggesting AQP involvement in bile acid diarrhea (BAD). Our aim was to compare AQP expressions in rectosigmoid mucosal (RSM) biopsies from patients with irritable bowel syndrome–diarrhea (IBS-D) (divided into those with normal or high fecal BA excretion) and in patients with IBS-constipation (IBS-C) compared with healthy controls.

METHODS:

In RSM biopsies from 44 patients with IBS-D (with normal (<) or high (>2,337 μmol/48 hours (BAD)) fecal BA excretion), 10 patients with IBS-C, and 17 healthy controls, we measured expressions of AQP1, 3, 7, and 8, with RT-PCR (housekeeper gene GAPDH). We analyzed RNA for expression by RT2-PCR assays, with expression calculated using 2−ΔΔCT-based fold-change. Comparisons of IBS groups were corrected for false detection rate (Bonferroni correction for 12 comparisons; P < 0.0042). AQP protein measurements on biopsies from 3 healthy controls, 3 patients with IBS-D, and 3 patients with BAD were performed by western blots (GAPDH housekeeping protein).

RESULTS:

In RSM from patients with IBS-D (but not IBS-C), mRNA expression of AQP3 was decreased, and AQP7 and 8 were increased relative to controls. Fold differences were not different in IBS-D with or without BAD. Western blots confirmed increased expression of AQP7 and 8 and decreased AQP3 proteins in biopsies from patients with IBS-D compared with controls.

CONCLUSIONS:

Increased AQP7 and 8 and decreased AQP3 expressions in RSM suggest that further studies on AQPs' potential role in the pathophysiology of diarrhea in IBS-D are warranted.
The Politics of Property Rights: The Case of Akyem Abuakwa, Ghana (1912–1943)
Authors: Ofosu-Mensah Emmanuel Ababio
Published: April 2019

Some political historians, such as Rathbone and Firmin-Sellers, have argued that some traditional rulers under colonial rule introduced new property rights by reinventing tradition and enforcing them within their traditional states to satisfy their own parochial interest. This article employs archival, secondary, and oral sources to critically clarify the exceptional case of Nana Ofori Atta I’s to put forward a contrary view. It argues that Nana Ofori Atta I, with great political will where his predecessors failed, came up with some pragmatic, practical, and problem-solving measures in order to make the indigenous concept of land ownership beneficial for the larger community.
Por que virar um braquete de ponta-cabeça?
Authors: Martins Renato Parsekian , Almeida Layene
Published: April 2019

"Muitas vezes, deparamo-nos com alguns movimentos que, apesar de previstos, não ocorrem. Pegue, por exemplo, uma situação na qual um lateral superior cruzado se move para vestibular e o seu ápice radicular não o acompanha, ou mesmo uma situação em que a raiz de um molar parece estar muito vestibularizada, mas nem mesmo o fio de finalização sem torção adicional — porém, com prescrição adequada — consegue resolver..."
Desenho Digital do Arco Ideal (DIAD): descrição da técnica
Authors: Cardoso Randerson Menezes , Eto Luiz Fernando
Published: April 2019

O objetivo desse artigo é apresentar um método simplificado para confecção do arco ideal através de um setup virtual, no qual cada braquete irá apresentar um pad fino o suficiente para regularizar a superfície lingual dos dentes, independentemente da forma do arco utilizado — arco reto, cogumelo, árvore de Natal ou misto —, proporcionando tratamentos confortáveis, biológicos e com melhor controle mecânico.
Alinhadores dentários em placas transparentes funcionam? Substituem ou não os braquetes?
Authors: Consolaro Alberto , Cardoso Maurício de Almeida , Nóbrega Celestino
Published: April 2019

Os alinhadores dentários em placas transparentes estão sendo vendidos diretamente pelos fabricantes aos pacientes, e sendo entregues em suas casas pelo correio, sem os serviços de um ortodontista clínico como responsável. Os alinhadores dentários em forma de placas transparentes funcionam, desde que sejam especificamente indicados, adequadamente utilizados pelos pacientes, e supervisionados pelo ortodontista clínico. Os alinhadores dentários em forma de placas transparentes não servem para substituir os tratamentos ortodônticos com aparelhos fixos à base de fios, braquetes e outros dispositivos que, efetivamente, corrigem a função e a estética do paciente de uma forma definitiva e estável ao longo da vida. Em comparação à maioria dos tratamentos ortodônticos, os alinhadores dentários em placas transparentes resolvem apenas os casos mais discretos e que requerem pequenos movimentos dentários, pois não possibilitam a remodelação ou o redirecionamento das bases ósseas. Os pacientes devem estar conscientes e esclarecidos dessas limitações, para o bem da Odontologia como ciência e arte.
Kajian Numerik Efektifitas Film Cooling pada Sudu Turbin Gas
Authors: Jamaldi Agus , Effendy Marwan
Published: April 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penggunaan model turbulensi Detached Eddy Simulation Spallart-Almaras (DES-SA) pada studi numerik tentang sistem pendinginan trailing edge (TE) pada sudu turbin gas. Sebuah desain TE cutback cooling dengan susunan staggered pin-fin dipilih sebagai spesimen pengujian berbasis simulasi. Tiga parameter penting seperti discharge coefficient (CD), adiabatic film cooling effectiveness (ηaw), dan shedding frequency (fs) menjadi fokus utama dalam penyelidikan kinerja sistem pendinginan TE sudu turbin gas. Penelitian dilakukan pada variasi tiga blowing ratios (M) yaitu 0,5; 0,8; dan 1,1. Hasil riset menunjukkan bahwa nilai CD yang diperoleh dari hasil simulasi memiliki kesesuaian trend jika dibandingkan dengan data peneliti terdahulu, dimana nilai CD sedikit meningkat seiring dengan M yang semakin besar. Penyelidikan terkait ηaw yang terjadi pada permukaan adiabatic wall menunjukkan bahwa nilainya konsisten dengan data penelitian yang terdahulu, baik secara eksperimen maupun simulasi. Frekuensi aliran vorteks (fs) berturut-turut 2043, 2323, dan 1976 Hz untuk masing-masing blowing ratios  0,5; 0,8; dan 1,1.
Analisis Kekuatan Material Air Receiver Drum Berdasarkan ASME Section VIII Division I
Authors: Yohana Eflita , Maulana Andre Fiky
Published: April 2019

Perkembangan industri manufaktur dan penggunaan alat-alat pneumatik, bejana tekan menjadi kebutuhan pokok yang tidak bisa dipisahkan. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan perusahaan akan bejana tekan maka diperlukan perancangan yang berstandar internasional sehingga akan memiliki tingkat keamanan yang baik dan diakui dunia internasional. Bejana tekan adalah suatu wadah yang berfungsi untuk menyimpan fluida di bawah tekanan internal atau eksternal serta mampu menahan berbagai beban lainnya. Dalam perancangan tangki bejana tekan, dibutuhkan kondisi normal operasi yang digunakan sebagai acuan untuk menentukan kondisi desain. Berdasarkan kondisi desain, tebal minimum shell dan head untuk material A283 Grade C, A285 Grade C, dan A36 dapat dihitung serta dapat ditentukan material yang paling efektif untuk digunakan. ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code Section VIII Division I merupakan standar internasional yang digunakan dalam mendesain bejana tekan. UG-27 digunakan untuk mendesain shell berdasarkan tekanan internal dan UG-32 digunakan untuk mendesain head berdasarkan tekanan internal. Sedangkan untuk pemilihan material berdasarkan ketebalan minimum dan sifat mampu las dari material. Dari hasil perhitungan diperoleh tebal shell untuk material A283 Grade C, A285 Grade C, dan A36 masing-masing 14,5 mm, 14,5 mm, dan 13,85 mm. Sedangkan tebal head untuk material A283 Grade C, A285 Grade C, dan A36 masing-masing 13,6 mm, 13,6 mm, dan 12,9 mm. Dari perhitungan MAWP dinyatakan bahwa nilai MAWP semua material lebih besar dari tekanan desain sehingga aman untuk digunakan. A36 merupakan material yang digunakan untuk shell dan head karena memiliki nilai kadar karbon ekuivalen yang paling kecil dibanding material A283 Grade C dan A285 Grade C lebih mudah dalam proses pengelasan.
PATTERN PRACTICE REVISITED: FROM SYNTAX TO SENSE AND POSITIVE EMOTIONS
Authors: Scheffler Paweł , Butzkamm Wolfgang
Published: April 2019

For many second and foreign language learners, the goal of language instruction is fluent oral performance. Such performance can be achieved if the mechanisms underlying L2 performance have been automatized. It is generally recognized that promoting automaticity in the classroom requires massive repetition and consistent practice, which, however, need to correspond to conditions of use in order for transfer into real speech to take place. It is also often acknowledged that meeting these requirements in classroom instruction is very difficult as traditional repetitive practice activities often take time away from communicative language use and fail to induce positive emotions in learners. In this article, we take a fresh look at the theory behind, and the implementation of, pattern practice. We begin by arguing that it is construction grammar that provides a theoretical oundation for pattern practice. We also demonstrate that monolingual drills in the audiolingual method marginalized meaning and were often mechanical. We then present bilingual drills as an alternative exercise type which facilitates pattern recognition, oral repetition and focus on meaning. We show that referring to the native language makes it possible to localize and individualize the examples used and to induce positive emotions in the process. Finally, we discuss communicative drills and use transcripts of classroom interaction to demonstrate that repetitive practice, communication and positive emotions can all be combined.
A proposed image-based detection of methamidophos pesticide using peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence system
Authors: Juachon Maria Janine , Regala Justine Grace , Marquez John Matthew , Bailon Mark Xavier
Published: April 2019

Pesticides pose a serious public health risk due to their toxicity, such as in the case of the widely distributed organophosphorus pesticide methamidophos. There is a strong need to develop a simple, rapid, and cost-effective method of detecting methamidophos residues; thus, this study proposes the TCPO-Rubrene-H2O2 chemiluminescence (CL) system as a means of pesticide detection via quenching effect. The results show that the methamidophos concentration is inversely proportional to the CL system's light output as confirmed through fluorescence spectroscopy and Batch Measure Macro (BMM) analysis. The light intensity differences were correlated with the methamidophos concentration with both methods showing linear trends. Both the digital camera and the smartphone camera BMM analyses displayed good sensitivity, with respective detection limits of 1.6 μg/mL and 1.0 μg/mL and respective quantitation limits of 5.0 μg/mL and 3.0 μg/mL. Both also showed good linearity within the 100-10000 μg/mL range, suggesting viability as alternatives to the fluorescence spectrometer; however, the light intensity difference values per pesticide concentration of both camera systems were significantly different from one another owing to differences in camera features.
Loneliness in the context of quality of life of nursing home residents
Authors: Trybusińska Dorota , Saracen Agnieszka
Published: April 2019

Background

Numbers of the elderly have been on a steady increase both in Poland and other countries of the world. As they age, their health declines and they need help with their housekeeping. This, coupled with the transformation of intergenerational into single-generation or nuclear family structures, causes a markedly rising demand for institutional care. Holistic care of an elderly nursing home resident requires a comprehensive approach and consideration for their feelings. Loneliness and solitude are increasingly common among these feelings, undoubtedly affecting quality of life.

Method

250 elderly residents of seven nursing home situated in Mazovia, Poland, have been examined using: De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale, WHOQOL-BREF Questionnaire, Basic Hope Scale (BHI-12), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS).

Results

Loneliness affects nearly 40% residents of the homes surveyed. Quality of their residents’ lives is reduced. Relations with their families and levels of motor efficiency imply a sense of loneliness. Degrees of illness acceptance, ability to adjust to change, and life satisfaction influence the level of loneliness felt.

Conclusion

40% of nursing home residents exhibit a sense of loneliness, while the greater loneliness and solitude, the lower the quality of life.
Discovery of N-methylpiperazinyl flavones as a novel class of compounds with therapeutic potential against Alzheimer’s disease: synthesis, binding affinity towards amyloid β oligomers (Aβo) and ability to disrupt Aβo-PrPC interactions
Authors: Matos Ana M. , Man Teresa , Idrissi Imane , Souza Cleide C. , Mead Emma , Dunbar Charlotte , Wolak Joanna , Oliveira Maria C. , Evans David , Grayson James , Partridge Benjamin , Garwood Claire , Ning Ke , Sharman Gary , Chen Beining , Rauter Amélia P.
Published: April 2019

With no currently available disease-modifying drugs, Alzheimer’s disease is the most common type of dementia affecting over 47 million people worldwide. In light of the most recent discoveries placing the cellular prion protein (PrPC) as a key player in amyloid β oligomer (Aβo)-induced neurodegeneration, we investigated whether the neuroprotective potential of nature-inspired flavonoids against Aβ-promoted toxicity would translate into the ability to disrupt PrPC-Aβo interactions. Hence, we synthesized a small library of flavones and studied their binding affinity towards Aβo by STD-NMR. C-glucosyl flavones exhibited improved binding affinity with morpholine, thiomorpholine or N-methylpiperazine rings attached to the flavone skeleton in ring B para position. Moreover, a N-methylpiperazinyl flavone displayed suitable physicochemical properties and optimal water solubility even without the sugar moiety, and a high interaction with Aβo involving the whole flavone core. Its C-glucosyl derivative, was, however, the best compound to inhibit PrPC-Aβo interactions in a dose-dependent manner, with 41 % of inhibition capacity at 10 μM. The potential of C-glucosyl flavones and their aglycones as protein-protein interaction inhibitors able to tackle PrPC-Aβo interactions is here presented for the first time, and supports this class of compounds as new prototypes for further development in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.
The research reactor TRIGA Mainz – a strong and versatile neutron source for science and education
Authors: Eberhardt Klaus , Geppert Christopher
Published: April 2019

The TRIGA Mark II-reactor at the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (JGU) is one of three research reactors in Germany. The TRIGA Mainz became first critical on August 3rd, 1965. It can be operated in the steady state mode with a maximum power of 100 kWth and in the pulse mode with a peak power of 250 MWth and a pulse length of 30 ms. The TRIGA Mainz is equipped with a central thimble, a rotary specimen rack, three pneumatic transfer systems, four beam tubes, and a graphite thermal column. The TRIGA Mainz is intensively used both for basic and applied research in nuclear chemistry and nuclear physics. Two sources for ultra-cold neutrons (UCN) are operational at two beam ports. At a third beam port a Penning-Trap for highly precise mass measurements of exotic nuclides is installed. Education and training is another main field of activity. Here, various courses in nuclear and radiochemistry, reactor operation and reactor physics are held for scientists, advanced students, engineers, and technicians utilizing the TRIGA Mainz reactor.