bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sedative, Analgesic and Anaesthetic Evaluation of Propofol in Combination with Butorphanol, Dexmedetomidine and Acepromazine in Clinically Healthy Dogs
Authors: Dewangan Rukmani , Pal Sumeet , Sharda Raju , Khutey B.B. , Kumar Ishant , Kurrey Likchavi
Published: December 2024

Background: Propofol is intravenous short acting general anaesthetic most popular drug for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia in veterinary practice due to its rapid induction and smooth recovery. However, as sole general anaesthetic, it is unsatisfactory because of its poor analgesic property and causing hypotension and apnoea. Therefore, it commonly used in combination with opioid or alpha 2 agonist to minimize the untoward effects. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the sedative, analgesic and anaesthetic efficacy of propofol in combination with butorphanol, dexmedetomidine or acepromazine premedication in dogs. Methods: The present study was conducted on 18 healthy adult dogs of either sex and randomly divided into three groups (ButP, DexP and AceP) with six animals in each. Glycopyrrolate @ 0.02 mg/kg was administered intramuscularly 10 minutes prior to the anaesthetic administration in all the dogs. The animals of group ButP, DexP and AceP were premedicated intramuscularly with butorphanol @ 0.3 mg/kg b.wt., dexmedetomidine @ 10 µg/kg b.wt. and acepromazine @ 0.4 mg/kg b.wt. respectively. Ten minutes later propofol was injected intravenously at a dose of 7 mg/kg b.wt. to induce general anesthesia. The following clinical parameters were recorded viz., onset of sedation, onset of anaesthesia, degree of analgesia, extent of muscle relaxation, duration of anaesthesia and complete recovery. All the data were analyzed using SPSS v 25.0 statistics software program and presented as mean±Standard Error. Result: The onset of sedation and induction of anaesthesia was earlier in group DexP followed by AceP and ButP. Group DexP exhibited significantly (P less than 0.05) longer duration of anaesthesia and complete recovery than groups ButP and AceP. All the groups had excellent analgesia; however animals of group DexP showed longer duration of analgesia. All the reflexes were abolished completely with longer duration of muscle relaxation in group DexP. The above anaesthetic study suggests that propofol in combination with dexmedetomidine; butorphanol or acepromazine can be safely used for inducing surgical anaesthesia in dogs. However, dexmedetomidine-propofol combination produced prolonged duration of anaesthesia with better quality suitable for long surgical procedure in dogs.
O AMBIENTE VIRTUAL DE APRENDIZAGEM (AVA) E A FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES DE CIÊNCIAS: relato de experiência em um curso de Pós-Graduação lato sensu no Maranhão
Authors: Rodrigues Carlos Alailson Licar , Santos Ednan Baldez dos , Sá-Silva Jackson Ronie
Published: December 2024

O presente estudo analisou o Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem (AVA) durante uma capacitação de professores de Ciências do ensino fundamental em um curso de Especialização em Ensino de Ciências na modalidade EaD. A pesquisa procedeu-se de forma qualitativa, descritiva e transversal, e foi realizada com 38 professores-cursistas. Os resultados foram obtidos por meio da análise das práticas de ensino-aprendizagem dos professores-cursistas no AVA. Compreenderam-se suas experiências no curso de especialização acerca das potencialidades e pluralidades metodológicas com o uso de recursos virtuais. Observaram-se cursistas com variadas formações acadêmicas, onde muitos já empregavam esses recursos em suas aulas e compreendiam a EaD como uma modalidade de ensino conectada às necessidades dos discentes, possibilitando a construção de conhecimentos entre professor e alunos, além da instituição educacional e a sociedade. Para os professores-cursistas, no AVA, as aulas são dinâmicas e estimulantes devido à facilidade de acesso e aprendizado. Assim, o AVA, em conjunto com outros recursos digitais, desempenha um papel crucial no processo de ensino-aprendizagem dos cursistas, possibilitando uma educação cidadã integrada ao ensino de Ciências, além de estimular a pesquisa através da prática docente virtual e tecnológica na escola. As vivências adquiridas pelos professores-cursistas no curso de especialização podem ser utilizadas em sala de aula com a participação ativa dos alunos por meio da utilização de diversos recursos digitais, promovendo um ensino de Ciências problematizador, investigativo e crítico.
NOVOS LETRAMENTOS: o aplicativo TikTok como objeto digital de aprendizagem de Língua Portuguesa no Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Nogueira Neto Antônio Ferreira , Sena Lílian de Sousa , Lacerda Naziozênio Antônio
Published: December 2024

Este artigo analisa os Novos Letramentos e o uso das tecnologias digitais como Objetos Digitais de Aprendizagem (ODA), explorando suas potencialidades como ferramentas de ensino-aprendizagem criativas. O estudo foca no uso do TikTok como um recurso midiático acessível e dinâmico, destacando sua aplicabilidade no Ensino Fundamental, especialmente nas aulas de Língua Portuguesa. A pesquisa é de caráter descritivo, baseando-se em literatura recente e relevante para fundamentação e análises dos dados. Os resultados indicam que o uso do TikTok em sala de aula pode promover maior engajamento e participação dos alunos, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências essenciais para a educação básica contemporânea. Clarificou-se que o uso de ODA, em especial o aplicativo TikTok, promove maior participação e interação por parte dos alunos na construção do próprio conhecimento, fazendo com que fosse despertada suas habilidades e postas em prática as competências que hoje regem a Educação Básica brasileira.
HAKIKAT MENYENTUH MUSHAF AL-QUR’AN(Analisis Komparasi Tafsir Ahkam Al-Quran Karya Al-Kiya Al-Harrasi dan Tafsir Al-Misbah Karya Muhammad Qurais Shihab)
Authors: Mu'jizat Lailatul
Published: December 2024

This study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of the views of Qurais Shihab in his tafsir Al-Misbah and al-Kiya al-Harrasi in his tafsir work, Ahkam Al-Quran, on the important issue of the essence of touching the mushaf of the Qur'an. The main focus of this research is the interpretation of Surah Al-Waqiah: 79, which is frequently cited in discussions regarding the conditions of cleanliness and purity when interacting with the Qur'an. To explore this topic, the research employs a muqarran (comparative) approach, focusing on the views of both scholars regarding the verse, along with an analysis of their interpretations and the background of each mufassir. The findings of this study show that, although both Qurais Shihab and al-Kiya al-Harrasi belong to the Shafi'i school of thought, there are differences in their perspectives on the interpretation of this verse. Qurais Shihab, in line with the views of the majority of scholars and the predominant Shafi'i followers in Indonesia, emphasizes the importance of purity when touching the mushaf but allows exceptions in cases of necessity. On the other hand, al-Kiya al-Harrasi, although also a follower of the Shafi'i school, adopts a stricter and more conservative approach, influenced by his adherence to his madhhab, insisting that one may not touch the mushaf except in a state of purity. In his tafsir, al-Harrasi tends to reject other views, highlighting the rigidity of his interpretation on this issue. This research provides deeper insight into the diversity of views within the Islamic tafsir tradition, especially concerning the issue of cleanliness and purity when interacting with the Qur'an. Additionally, this study serves as an important reference for the Muslim community, as it demonstrates how social, cultural, and religious factors can influence the interpretation of the Qur'an.
Internet Censorship in the Russian Federation: Focused on The Roskomnadzor and The Safe Internet League
Authors:   East European and Balkan Institute, Kim Yong Hwan
Published: December 2024

In the context of a transforming media landscape, the internet has emerged as a pivotal communication platform, extending beyond traditional media channels. This study explores the mechanisms of internet control exercised by the authoritarian regime in Russia under President Vladimir Putin. The analysis begins with the Terentiev case, a significant event that marked the commencement of rigorous internet censorship by the Russian government. It then delves into the principal activities of key entities such as Roskomnadzor, the Safe Internet League, and Cyberdruzhina, which collectively contribute to internet censorship.
Globally, the rationale for internet regulation is gaining traction, often framed as the regulation of harmful content. However, such censorship poses substantial risks to the fundamental human right of freedom of expression, potentially overstepping the boundaries of universal moral standards. In Russia's authoritarian context, the government's prerogative, under the guise of national interest and security, has become the benchmark for internet censorship. This approach diminishes the role of Runet as a free public sphere and is anticipated to escalate. The study highlights the implications of such censorship practices on freedom of expression and the broader discourse on human rights in the digital age.
Conflict among Ukraine’s Power Elites and the Rise of Oligarchy
Authors:   East European and Balkan Institute, Kim Siheon
Published: December 2024

This study examined the dynamics of state-capital relations in Ukraine, focusing on the conflict among elites. Using the oligarchy model, the study analyzed changes in Ukraine’s power structure from independence in 1991 to the establishment of the Zelensky regime in 2019. The result revealed a shift toward a more extreme form. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Ukraine set national goals to establish a sovereign state with a national identity and territorial consolidation. By pursuing these goals, Ukraine’s political elite actively engaged in and responded to the dynamics of political power and institutional transformation to preserve or further their own interests rather than advancing the nation’s well-being. Consequently, Ukraine’s national potential has been compromised, and the last three decades of its contemporary history have been marked by tragedy. In summary, Ukraine’s political landscape has increasingly succumbed to the economic interests of the ruling minority, fueling oligarchic conflicts and exacerbating social and regional divisions based on policy lines.
Action research as a remedy to the ‘one-size-fits-all’ for business studies teachers’ professional development in South Africa
Authors: Thaba-Nkadimene Kgomotlokoa Linda
Published: December 2024

This article reports on literature review and the reflective practice of teachers and school principals on the use of action research in identifying teachers’ professional development (TPD) needs required for a successful implementation of blended and virtual learning. This article sought to contribute to the body of knowledge of teachers’ needs analysis and development; teachers’ digital competencies; and action research to the field of education. School principals and teachers who participated in this study confirmed that action research is an effective strategy that can be used in TPD. They further stressed that action research can be used to replace the existing ‘one size fits all strategy’ that is currently used blatantly across highly adequately and under-resourced schools. Using action research helped them expose realities entrenched within teaching and learning in less privileged schools. This study recommends the use of action research as strategy for identification of teachers’ and learners’ needs that should inform the contents and nature of teachers’ professional development programs.
Poverty and crime in the era of 4th ir in Subsaharan Africa
Authors: Badugela Thivhavhudzi Muriel
Published: December 2024

This study examines the effects of poverty and crime in Sub-Saharan Africa in the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) context. Specifically, it seeks to explore how technological advancements influence the dynamics between poverty and crime in the region. We employed a qualitative research approach, utilising data from comprehensive academic literature reviews, policy documents, and relevant statistics. Additionally, we gathered insights from 20 participants chosen to represent diverse perspectives, including policymakers, academics, community leaders, technology experts, and individuals from impoverished communities. Through in-depth interviews and focus groups, the study provided a holistic view of the nuanced impacts of the 4IR on poverty and crime. The main findings of the study demonstrate that (i) the 4IR offers considerable opportunities for poverty alleviation through job creation and economic empowerment, (ii) there are significant risks, such as digital exclusion and the emergence of new, technology-driven forms of crime, and finally, (iii) structural factors, including governance and access to education influence the effects of 4IR. The study recommends targeted policies to harness the benefits of the 4IR, focusing on strengthening education, promoting inclusive governance, and fostering social inclusion to mitigate adverse consequences.
Shifting policies to suit anti-migrant narrative in South Africa: A case for Zimbabwean Exemption Permit (ZEP) business permit holders
Authors: Simbo Chiedza , Tchawouo Mbiada Carlos Joel
Published: December 2024

Based on three cases drawn from the consultation with Zimbabwean migrants whose Business Exemption Permits were terminated by the South African Government without following due process, this paper disallows the economic reasons advanced for such a decision. To this effect, this paper argues that ZEP business permit holders cannot be said to be taking jobs away from nationals.  On the contrary, this paper argues that ZEP business permit holders, while contributing to economic growth, also employ South Africans, thereby reducing the unemployment rate. It is on this basis that this paper argues that the termination of the ZEP dispensation is a populist measure to fit the anti-migrant sentiment in the country. It is an electoral engineering mechanism fuelled by xenophobic sentiments to tap into the electoral base of some political parties and a device to demonstrate that the government is tackling the migration issue. If that was not the case, ZEP business permit holders’ waiver application should be readily granted. On this note, this paper recommends that ZEP business permit holders should be exempted from the requirements of a business visa application because they are non-negligible contributors to the economic growth of the country.
Exploring the role of the minibus-taxi industry on promoting taxi entrepreneurship in South Africa
Authors: Molobela Terrance
Published: December 2024

From the 1930s, the South African minibus-taxi industry has been playing a fundamental role in supporting the growth and development of minibus-taxi entrepreneurs. The minibus-taxi industry in South Africa is often misunderstood due to its informal nature. However, it is worth noting that the South African minibus-taxi industry has created economic opportunities for taxi entrepreneurs, and today it has an annual turnover of R38-billion to R50-billion. This study investigated the role of the South African minibus-taxi industry in promoting the development of taxi entrepreneurship in Mankweng taxi ranks, within the Limpopo Province and its limited within this area. The mixed-method research approach was used with a stratified-random sampling using a semi-structured questionnaire administered to 110 taxi entrepreneurs. In addition, the study conducted group focus interviews purposively with 12 minibus-taxi bosses. Qualitative data was analysed using descriptive analysis and quantitative data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software and then transported to the Microsoft Excel for further analysis where necessary. The findings reveals poor business planning; weak support from both the Mankweng Taxi Association and government; and high fuel prices affects the day-to-day business activities and causing majority of minibus-taxi entrepreneurs running their businesses at loss without realisation. The study recommend an urgency for the Mankweng minibus-taxi group and their key stakeholders to design an entrepreneurship model suitable for the industry’s development to boost the local economy. This study sought to demonstrate the importance of unlocking the full potential of minibus-taxi entrepreneurship through sufficient support from both the government and minibus-taxi associations to address structural challenges, limited access to resources and finance, and regulatory complexities to lessen the burden of running the minibus-taxi business. The study challenges policy-makers intentionally to design programs aimed at incorporating the minibus-taxi business into boosting the overall economy in a formal manner.
Mobile banking and the performance of savings and credit cooperative societies in Tanzania
Authors: Kisinga Lucas , Gomera William
Published: December 2024

In recent times, the use of mobile banking has expanded significantly in Tanzania, but its impact on Savings and Credit Cooperative Society (SACCOS) purposes are still uncertain. This study examined mobile banking's effects on Tanzania's SACCOS, using a quantitative research approach. Purposive sampling was employed to select three SACCOS offering electronic banking services in Dar es Salaam and Kilimanjaro regions, with a total sample size of 64 employees and supplemented them with secondary data from 2020 to 2024 from SACCOS reports and financial statements. Statistical analysis was used to describe mobile banking usage and regression analysis was performed to evaluate the correlation between mobile banking usage and return on assets (ROA). The results showed a favourable correlation between mobile banking and performance (ROA), mobile banking was favorably viewed for improving accessibility and efficiency. Mobile banking positively affects SACCOS in Tanzania by offering and enhancing new ways of addressing financial barriers. Emphasizing the need for SACCOS to adopt the evolving technological innovations and other electronic banking features. Despite the existing challenges, SACCOS continually strive to minimize such challenges. The study recommends that SACCOS should set up robust customer support systems to address technical and security issues, streamlined regulatory compliance and mitigate the challenges associated with the adoption of mobile banking. This conclusion emphasizes the dual need for technological advancement and organizational support to fully leverage mobile banking as a tool for financial growth and inclusion in cooperative societies.
Conceptualizing academic mentoring in South African Universities: Interactive qualitative analysis
Authors: Kanyopa Theresia Joakim , Mokhle-Makgalwa Matseliso , Khanare Fumane
Published: December 2024

The role of academic mentoring has now become a crucial educational practice not only for student’s academic success and achievement, but also, faculties development and institutional growth. However, the effectiveness of mentoring process is difficult to measure due to a lack of conceptual clarity about the mentoring practices and programs in higher education institutions. In South African universities, mentoring practices face unique challenges and opportunities due to the country’s historical background. Therefore, this literature review conceptualizes academic mentoring by looking at the programs, methods and outcomes associated with academic mentoring in South African universities. An Integrative Qualitative Analysis was employed to review a total of 13 studies that was conducted between 2016 and 2024, and identify three themes namely; Impacts of academic mentoring on student’s performance, Roles of cultural and linguistic diversity on enhancing academic mentoring, and Significance for Integrating mentoring practices into institutional policies. Findings provide a foundation for future research and offer practical recommendations for enhancing academic mentoring practices in South African universities.
Sustainable Development Goals as a determinant for international private sector philanthropy in the developing world
Authors: Takalani Hulisani
Published: December 2024

Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) requires not only national budgetary revenues but also the private sector and other funding sources. A significant number of development actors consider the private sector to be an essential partner and advocate for development cooperation. International development places a special emphasis on formalised private philanthropic organizations. This study examines how the Sustainable Development Goals affect the flow of private philanthropic aid to developing countries. The study also wants to know if private development funding is utilised for development alone or other purposes. Secondary sources of information from credible books, journals, and official reports from various development organizations were used in the study. Thus, a desktop qualitative analysis was used to examine the data. The paper bases its argument on the dual interest model, which contends that recipient needs and donor interests influence private-sector giving. The study finds that corporate philanthropists have made SDG targets a major theme in their programmatic and financial work. The results show that corporate philanthropists' involvement in SDG initiatives is often driven by a variety of factors, including both the business and development aspects of the SDGs. The study also shows that although private philanthropy is crucial to achieving the SDGs, it struggles to maintain its transparency and impact. To achieve the SDG targets, the study suggests that the private sector increase its involvement and improve cooperation with other stakeholders. The study also concludes that to improve policymaking and create a more effective development finance spectrum, more research on the relationship between business and development financing is needed.  This paper contributes to the larger conversation concerning the function and effects of private sector support for the SDGs in developing nations.
Conceptualizing the tree of incivility in South African professional nursing education
Authors: Vink Hildeguard
Published: December 2024

This study employed a conceptual framework to elucidate the issue of incivility. The researcher created a cohesive conceptual framework to facilitate the construction of knowledge and to offer a rational elucidation of the knowledge acquired during this study. This will provide a framework for a deeper comprehension of incivility in professional nursing education in South Africa. A qualitative exploratory descriptive methodology was employed. The research was conducted in a nursing college in partnership with a university of technology and a university-affiliated nursing school. A selected sample of fifteen (15) students and ten (10) nurse educators was utilised for data collection. Semi-structured, in-person interviews were used to gather data until saturation was achieved with 23 participants. Participation was voluntary, and discussions were kept confidential. Distinct themes arose from the data analysis and were interpreted through interpersonal relations theory. The related notions were delineated as Part 1 – the leaves of the tree: manifestations of incivility, Part 2 – the trunk of the tree: incivility itself, and Part 3 – the roots of the tree: the origins of incivility within the framework of incivility.
A MIXED-METHODS ANALYSIS OF EFL TEACHERS’ ATTITUDES TOWARD SOCIO-EMOTIONAL LEARNING AND WELL-BEING: INSIGHTS FROM POLAND AND UKRAINE
Authors: Pentón Herrera Luis Javier , Chugai Oksana
Published: December 2024

This mixed-methods study explores EFL teachers’ attitudes toward social-emotional learning (SEL) and well-being in Poland and Ukraine, focusing on how socio-demographic factors and professional contexts influence these perspectives. Findings reveal that younger Polish teachers, generally more open to adopting innovative SEL strategies, demonstrated higher engagement in SEL practices, while older, more experienced Ukrainian teachers exhibited a robust commitment to well-being but faced greater challenges in implementing SEL due to socio-political pressures. Age and institutional environment were significant factors in shaping teachers’ SEL engagement, emphasizing the need for professional development programs tailored to these demographic and contextual differences. The study also found that Polish teachers more frequently used well-being apps, while Ukrainian teachers, facing the stresses of teaching in a conflict zone, showed a more cautious approach to managing their workload and self-care. These insights highlight the necessity of contextualized SEL and well-being teacher training and strategies that account for the distinct educational and socio-political landscapes in each country, contributing to ongoing discussions about enhancing teacher well-being and SEL engagement in diverse contexts.
JOURNALISM EDUCATION IN TIMES OF WAR: NEW CHALLENGES AND ADAPTATION STRATEGIES
Authors: Fiialka Svitlana , Kornieva Zoia
Published: December 2024

Purpose. In this study, the issues, and prospects of journalistic education in times of Russian-Ukrainian war are highlighted. By analyzing the adaptation processes and the incorporation of innovative technologies, we aim to understand how students navigate the unique challenges posed by wartime conditions. Method. In-depth interviews were conducted among fourth-year bachelor students majoring in journalism at the National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” regarding the impact of war on journalism education, the students’ perceptions of journalistic ethics, motivations, necessary skills, and psychological resilience in adapting to wartime conditions, etc. The interviews were meticulously recorded and analyzed to identify recurring patterns, divergent viewpoints, and emergent themes. Findings. The results underscore the multifaceted challenges faced by students in wartime. The students emphasized the necessity in training in safety, ethical norms in journalism, conflict sensitivity, and advocated for the adaptability of educational programs, integration of real-life scenarios, and the cultivation of critical thinking. Additionally, participants stressed the importance of fostering resilience and providing psychological support mechanisms for students. Implications for research and practice. The findings highlight the importance of integrating critical thinking skills and promoting media literacy to prepare journalists for professional coverage of war-related aspects and emphasize the necessity of collaboration between the university, media organizations and the government to ensure quality updates to educational programs. This research contributes to the development of scholarly discourse on journalistic education under crisis conditions.
Valorização e proteção dos cemitérios de Sabará-MG como patrimônio histórico e cultural da cidade
Authors: Verediano Fernanda Cristina , Custódio Maraluce Maria , Costa Beatriz Souza
Published: December 2024

O propósito deste texto é investigar se os cemitérios construídos na cidade de Sabará, que integram o patrimônio histórico e cultural local, estão sendo protegidos e valorizados pelo poder público. Para isso, além de uma pesquisa bibliográfica em documentos relacionados ao objeto de estudo, foram realizadas visitas aos locais e entrevistas com membros da Secretaria de Patrimônio da Prefeitura. Durante a pesquisa, constatou-se que, em várias regiões do país, alguns cemitérios são considerados pontos turísticos e atraem inúmeros visitantes devido à forte conexão histórica e cultural que possuem com a comunidade local. Em muitos casos, pessoas ilustres, como ex-presidentes, artistas, líderes políticos e escritores foram sepultadas nos lugares em que suas trajetórias mais se destacaram, transformando essas necrópoles em espaços de aproximação com a história. De maneira semelhante, os cemitérios de Sabará possuem esse potencial, pois foram construídos em conjunto com outros monumentos históricos, como igrejas, chafarizes e praças. Além de apresentarem jazigos com valor escultural, abrigam os restos mortais de figuras importantes, mas carecem de manutenção adequada. Assim, torna-se indispensável que os órgãos públicos responsáveis desenvolvam um projeto de revitalização desses espaços, garantindo sua preservação e valorização como parte do patrimônio cultural da cidade. O texto utiliza uma pesquisa exploratória, analisando documentos, registros fotográficos e dados obtidos durante visitas realizadas.
Os vestígios da educação de mulheres no Século XIX: o que contam os artefatos femininos e seus usos cotidianos?
Authors: Patroclo Luciana Borges
Published: December 2024

Esta é a resenha do e-book “Mulheres e Educação no Século XIX: Artefatos e Sensibilidades” lançado em novembro de 2024 pela editora da Universidade Estadual do Ceará – EdUECE. A obra é um desdobramento da exposição virtual de mesmo título, disponível para acesso desde maio de 2022. A publicação consiste em um dicionário de verbetes no qual são apresentadas as características e usos cotidianos de 70 objetos relacionados ao universo feminino. Pertencente a coleções particulares, o acervo retratado na obra contribui para pesquisas acerca da educação feminina oitocentista e reforça a importância da preservação do patrimônio educacional vinculado a cenários formais e informais de instrução. Os verbetes foram escritos por 73 autores vinculados a importantes instituições de ensino e pesquisa brasileiras e estrangeiras.
Patrimonio e identidad en la colonización franquista de Hellín
Authors: Carmona Zubiri Daniel , Travé Molero Raúl , Nogués Pedregal Antonio Miguel
Published: December 2024

Desde hace dos décadas, han proliferado las propuestas de patrimonialización relativas a la colonización franquista. La arquitectura, el urbanismo y el arte religioso constituyen el objetivo de estas propuestas. La sospecha de representar un patrimonio franquista pende sobre estos elementos, mientras, al mismo tiempo, se acusa a los habitantes de los poblados de colonización de no valorarlos. A partir de una metodología cualitativa, centrada en el trabajo de campo etnográfico, reflexionamos acerca de la relación entre patrimonio, identidad y memoria en los poblados de colonización de Hellín (Albacete). El proceso colonizador se basó en una relación de dominación que todavía hoy dificulta la apropiación simbólica de los bienes comunes en los poblados. Por tanto, más allá de fórmulas de promoción turística, la patrimonialización de los poblados debe pasar por un proceso de participación popular que de valor y favorezca la superación simbólica de la dominación franquista.
Robinson, W. I. (2023). Mano dura. El Estado policial global, los nuevos fascismos y el capitalismo del siglo XXI. Errata Naturae.
Authors: García Martínez José María
Published: December 2024

Reseña de la obra de William Robinson, Mano Dura, profesor de la Universidad de California Santa Barbara. Se realiza una revisión de los puntos principales del texto y se compara con el trabajo de diferentes académicos de la disciplina desde una perspectiva crítica y conectada con el presente.
A Biochemical View on Intermittent Fasting Effects on Human Physiology – Not Always a Beneficial Strategy
Authors: Zambuzzi Willian , Wang Zifan , Peppelenbosch Maikel
Published: December 2024

Intermittent fasting (IF) has emerged as a widely practiced dietary regimen, increasingly utilized in both clinical and non-clinical settings for its potential health benefits. Evidence suggests that IF can improve metabolic health by enhancing insulin sensitivity, reducing inflammation, and aiding weight management. Recent studies have also explored its role in mitigating obesity-related diseases, such as type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and its ability to support cardiovascular health and mental function. However, the effects of IF are not universally beneficial, with a significant portion of patients showing no clinical improvement or even worsened outcomes. The mechanisms underlying IF, including metabolic switching and activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), suggest that the benefits of IF may be context-dependent, varying with individual pathologies and metabolic states. While preclinical data indicate potential therapeutic effects in diseases like cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and neurodegenerative conditions, these findings are not yet sufficiently supported by human studies. Moreover, while IF’s impact on fat metabolism and lipolysis is well-documented, its effects on muscle function and long-term metabolic health, particularly in athletes or those with advanced disease, require further investigation. This review argues that while IF holds promise as a disease-modifying strategy, its application must be tailored to individual patient profiles, and future clinical trials should focus on optimizing fasting protocols to enhance therapeutic outcomes.
Precision and Progress: Evaluating the Role of Robotic Surgery Gastric Cancer Treatment – A Comprehensive Review by TROGSS – The Robotic Global Surgical Society & EFISDS - European Federation International Society for Digestive Surgery Joint Working Group
Authors: Marano Luigi , Cwalinski Tomasz , Girnyi Sergii , Skokowski Jaroslaw , Goyal Aman , Malerba Silvia , Prete Francesco Paolo , Mocarski Piotr , Kania Magdalena Kamila , Świerblewski Maciej , Strzemski Marek , Suárez-Carreón Luis Osvaldo , Herrera Kok Johnn Henry , Polom Karol , Kycler Witold , Calu Valentin , Talento Pasquale , Brillantino Antonio , Ciarleglio Francesco Antonio , Brusciano Luigi , Cillara Nicola , Duka Ruslan , Pascotto Beniamino , Azagra Juan Santiago , Calomino Natale , Testini Mario , Abou-Mrad Adel , Oviedo Rodolfo J. , Vashist Yogesh
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Robotic-assisted minimally invasive gastrectomy (RAMIG) rep- resents a significant advancement in the surgical management of gastric cancer, offering superior dexterity, enhanced visualization, and improved ergonomics compared to lapa- roscopic gastrectomy (LG). This review systematically evaluates the current evidence on perioperative outcomes, oncological efficacy, learning curves, and economic considera- tions, providing insights into RAMIG’s potential role in modern gastric cancer surgery. Methods: A thorough analysis of retrospective, prospective, and meta-analytic studies was conducted to compare RAMIG with LG. Key outcomes, including operative time, in- traoperative blood loss, lymph node retrieval, postoperative complications, learning curve duration, and cost-effectiveness, were assessed. Emphasis was placed on both short- term and long-term oncological outcomes to determine the clinical value of RAMIG. Re- sults: Evidence indicates that RAMIG is associated with reduced intraoperative blood loss, lower morbidity rates, and a shorter learning curve, with proficiency achieved after 11–25 cases compared to 40–60 cases for LG. The robotic platform’s articulated instru- ments and enhanced three-dimensional visualization enable more precise lymphadenec- tomy, particularly in complex anatomical regions. Despite these advantages, operative time remains longer, and costs remain higher due to system acquisition, maintenance, and consumable expenses. However, emerging data suggest a gradual narrowing of cost dis- parities. While short-term outcomes are favorable, further high-quality, multicenter stud- ies are needed to validate long-term oncological efficacy and survival outcomes. Conclu- sion: RAMIG offers significant technical and clinical advantages over conventional LG, particularly in terms of precision and learning efficiency. However, the long-term onco- logical benefits and economic feasibility require further validation. Future research should focus on cost optimization, advanced technological integration such as near-infrared flu- orescence and artificial intelligence, and multicenter trials to solidify RAMIG’s role as a standard approach for gastric cancer surgery.
Freud’s Model of the Mind Within a Predictive-Processing Neuroscientific Paradigm
Authors: Stänicke Erik , Hovet Bendik Sparre , Stänicke Line Indrevoll
Published: December 2024

The recent paradigm shift within cognitive neuroscience toward predictive processing appearsto align with many psychoanalytic conceptualizations of the mind. In this article, we arguethat several psychoanalytic concepts, such as projection, transference, wish-fulfillment, andperceptual identity, are particularly compatible with the current neuroscientific conception ofthe brain as a prediction machine. Specifically, we propose that the concept of projection asused in modern psychoanalysis to explore subjective experience and fantasies is closelyanalogous to the concept of prediction as it is used to explain the fundamental cognitivefunctions of the brain. We discuss the implications of this parallelism for understanding therole of homeostasis in psychoanalysis and cognitive neuroscience, and we also discuss theparallels between insight and surprise in these two fields of mental science. Limitations indrawing parallels between projection and prediction are also addressed. By integrating thesetwo fields, we envision the possibility of tackling subjectivity scientifically.
Layer-Dependent Electronic, Vibrational and Optical Properties of 2D AlSe Crystals
Authors: Bejani Mousa , Pulci Olivia , Karimi Naser , Bechstedt Friedhelm
Published: December 2024

We present a detailed theoretical study of the structural, electronic and dynamical properties of ε-stacked bulk and mono-, bi- and tri-tetralayers AlSe. We employ density functional theory and density functional perturbation theory using several exchange-correlation functionals. The Se-Al-Al-Se tetralayer is found as very stable atomic structure with minor variations of the bond lengths with the number of tetralayers. The latter one, however, influences the energy gain per tetralayer because of their attractive interaction. We show that all studied layered AlSe systems are indirect semiconductors, whose fundamental gaps are substantially widened after approximate inclusion of quasiparticle corrections. The phonon branches show very similar behavior. The increasing number of tetralayers gives rise to a corresponding large number of branches with small splitting near the Brillouin zone center. They clearly indicate also the dynamical stability of all systems. In-plane E and out-of-plane A zone-center lattice vibrations dominate the Raman and IR spectra. The spectra are rather similar for the different layered structures. Bulk ε-AlSe spectrum, however, differs from those of its 2D counterparts, exhibiting variations in peak intensities, peak splitting and additional peaks.
Protection Against Rabies Induced by the Non-Replicative Viral Vectors MVA and Ad5 Expressing Rabies Glycoprotein
Authors: Garanzini Debora Patricia , Micucci Matias Ariel , Torres Lopez Annalies , Perez Oscar , Calamante Gabriela , Del Medico Zajac Maria Paula
Published: December 2024

Rabies is a zoonotic viral disease preventable through vaccination. Control strategies should be based on the “One Health” concept, as addressing zoonotic pathogens at their animal source is the most effective and cost-efficient approach to protect human health. The aim of this study was to develop two third-generation anti-rabies vaccines based on non-replicative viral vectors, MVA and Ad5, expressing rabies virus (RABV) glycoprotein (MVA-RG and Ad-RG), and to evaluate their efficacy in an intracerebral RABV challenge model. MVA-RG was produced using a platform developed in our laboratory, while a commercial kit was used to produce Ad-RG. Protection against rabies was assessed in a mouse intracerebral challenge model. Our results demonstrated that both non-replicative viral vectors provided protection against RABV. The MVA-RG and Ad-RG vectors, administered in two homologous doses, conferred 60% and 60-100% protection against RABV challenge, respectively. The survival rate was influenced by the type of viral vector, the administered dose, and the immunization scheme applied. Remarkably, to our knowledge, our study is the first to report 100% protection against RABV IC challenge using non-replicative Ad5 in a homologous immunization scheme. These results encourage us to proceed with the evaluation of this vaccine candidate in target animals.
Sustainable Utilization of Dredged Sediments and Water Treatment Sludges as Construction Materials through Combined Dewatering and Cement Stabilization Techniques
Authors: Nontananandh Supakij , Thongdetsri Thanet , Khumsuprom Nattapas , Jotisankasa Apiniti , Chaiprakaikeow Susit , Inazumi Shinya
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the sustainable use of seabed dredged slud‬ge and water treatment sludges as construction materials using combined dewatering and cement stabilization techniques. Dredged sediments and water treatment sludges, typically considered waste, were evaluated for their suitability in construction through a series of dewatering and stabilization processes. Dewatering significantly reduced initial moisture content, while cement stabilization improved mechanical properties, including strength and stiffness. Unconfined compressive strength (UCS), shear modulus, and microstructural changes were evaluated using various analytical techniques, including unconfined compression testing, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The results show a direct correlation between reduced water-cement ratios and increased UCS, confirming the potential of treated sludge as a sub-base layer for roads and landfill liners. Chemical analysis revealed the formation of calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) and ettringite, which are critical for strength enhancement. This approach not only mitigates environmental issues associated with sludge disposal, but also supports sustainable construction practices by reusing waste materials. The study concludes that cement-stabilized dredged sediments and water treatment sludges provide an environmentally friendly and effective alternative for use in civil engineering projects.
The Role of Community Health Nursing in Improving Public Health: A Global and Local Perspective
Authors: Tushe Mirela , Karagjozi Dora
Published: December 2024

Community Health Nursing (CHN) is an essential branch of nursing that focuses on providing care to individuals, families, and populations within a community setting. It involves a comprehensive approach to healthcare, emphasizing prevention, health promotion, and the management of chronic conditions. This paper explores the role of community health nurses globally and in Albania, their importance in the healthcare system, and the strategies they employ to enhance the well-being of communities. The integration of CHN into public health programs has been pivotal in improving health outcomes, reducing health disparities, and ensuring access to care for vulnerable populations. In Albania, CHN plays an essential role in addressing the health needs of rural and underserved areas, where healthcare access remains limited. This paper further discusses the development and improvements in the Albanian healthcare system and highlights the challenges and opportunities for community health nurses in the country.
Facemasks Affect Clinical Communication and Outcomes in Chronic Pain Patients with Hearing Loss
Authors: Bamgbade Olumuyiwa A. , Allen Abigail M. , Onongaya Vera O. , Arnold Ashley A. , Metekia Lidya M. , Donyagardrad Hasti , Tase Nancy E. , Oyewole Olamide O. , Motshana Thato , Kessi Miriam , Sibisi Ntokozo P. , Remwa Rutendo
Published: December 2024

Background: The coronavirus-2019 pandemic increased facemask usage. Facemasks impede communication and healthcare delivery, especially for patients with hearing difficulty. Aging, chronic pain, and hearing difficulty are interrelated.
Objectives: This study assessed how facemasks hindered clinical communication and outcomes in chronic pain patients with hearing difficulty. It provides insights to improve future clinical practice.
Method: This prospective observational study compared chronic pain patients with hearing difficulty (n=62) and normal hearing (n=62) who underwent treatment during the March 2020-April 2023 pandemic and May 2023-June 2024 post-pandemic periods. The inclusion criteria were adults with chronic pain. Exclusion criteria were profound hearing difficulty, cochlear implant, language barriers, severe vision loss, and cognitive dysfunction. Data collection included age, gender, pain, psychology, alcohol intake, and satisfaction scores. Data were analyzed using student T-test, paired T-test, ANOVA, Chi-squared, regression analysis, and Fisher’s exact tests.
Results: Patients with hearing difficulty experienced more pain, psychological and communication distress during the pandemic, and facemask use. Their complex communication needs resulted in more missed appointments and incomplete treatments.
Conclusion: Facemasks worsen pain and psychological disorders, resulting in reduced patient satisfaction, treatment compliance, and clinical outcomes. Healthcare providers should employ strategies such as speaking slowly, empha-sizing non-verbal cues, and using transparent facemasks.
Data Augmentation Methods for Deep Learning Neural Networks
Authors: Sharif Hasan , Hyttinen Joni , Gao Xiao-Zhi , Hauta-Kasari Markku , Räisänen Riikka
Published: December 2024

Standard algorithms face difficulties when learning from unbalanced datasets because they are built to handle balanced class distributions. Although there are various approaches to solving this issue, solutions that create false data represent a more all-encompassing strategy than algorithmic changes. In particular, they produce fictitious data that any algorithm can use without limiting the user's options. In this paper, we present five oversampling methods: Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE), Random Over Sampling (ROS), K-Means Smote (KMS), Affinity Propagation and Random Over Sampling-Based Oversampling (APROSO), and Self-Organizing Map-based Oversampling (SOMO). We also present four undersampling methods: Random Under Sampling (RUS), Cluster Centroids (CCs), Neighborhood Cleaning Rule (NCR), Near Miss-1 (NM1). To evaluate those over and under-sampling methods, we have used two different Deep Neural Network (DNN) models, i.e., DNN model 1 and DNN model 2. The empirical result shows that all the over and under-sampling methods are providing more effective results on DNN model 2. The result analysis also shows that the oversampling methods are more effective in classifying the Magnoliopsida and Pinopsida images.
Understanding the Interaction Between Land, Atmosphere and Ocean Towards Intensifying the Extreme Weather Events
Authors: Nayak Sridhara
Published: December 2024

In this study we explore the interaction between land, atmosphere and ocean and understand how they affect the intensity of extreme weather events such as cold waves, storms, floods and heat waves from the important parameters such as temperature, precipitation, wind speed, local pressure, sea level pressure, relative humidity, and dew point temperature. Our results show that when temperature drops (below 0°C), there is an increase in relative humidity and precipitation, which disturbs the cold weather conditions. A positive correlation was found between wind speed and local pressure, indicating stormy conditions. Our overall study has an implication towards the threat of climate change and extreme weather events to develop the strategies to deal with these changes.