bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Frugal innovation as a key to supply chain success: projection into the Moroccan context
Authors: Karroumi Bilal , Sedqui Abdelfettah
Published: May 2022

In an economic environment characterized by rapid technological change and limited natural resource constraints, the frugal innovation approach is perfectly situated. This approach considers an economical and alternative solution especially for emerging countries by minimizing the use of funding and scarce natural resources, leading to the design of sustainable supply chain concepts capable of meeting the different consumer demands and integrating into the new global economy. This work serves to: simplify the frugal innovation approach by reviewing the separate definitions of innovation and frugality, the evolution of the approach throughout history, and comparisons of types of innovation; find the intersections and complementarities of these notions with the supply chain of the future; and seize opportunities to apply this frugal innovation approach in an emerging economy such as Morocco. The research has shown that frugal innovation can be implemented in both developing and developed countries and is one of the important factors in developing the economy and making it more competitive.
Optimality and PAR Reduction in Autonomous Demand Response: Evaluation and Billing Mechanisms
Authors: Abdelfattah Abassi , Ahmed Arid , Hussain Benazza
Published: May 2022

The main objective of this paper is to propose a more efficient, distributed, and multi-objective billing model that can be implemented in every smart meter in the grid for achieving optimality and fairness. First, we develop a new evaluation index to evaluate such as billing model not only in addressing fairness but also to minimize the cost and reduce the Peak-to-Average Ratio (PAR) in the load demand and subsequently the bill of each customer. Then, we study some of the billing models that exist in the literature and evaluate them with our evaluation index. Simulations are performed to test the performance of our model in terms of optimality, PAR reduction and fairness.
A design and installation of a low-cost SDR-based VHF/UHF ground receiving station for satellites
Authors: Amoud Soukayna , Said Ahmed Oulad , Zantou El Bachir , Hassainate Nabil
Published: May 2022

This paper summarizes the use of Software Defined Radio (SDR) technology for space applications by installing a low-cost VHF/UHF ground receiving station to assist existing and future space mission universities. The intended solution is based upon the utilization of RTL-SDR, which are commercial off-the-shelf components available on the market.
Model of microwave link channel with adaptive modulation under the fading conditions
Authors: Stepanets Irina , Odoevskii Sergei
Published: May 2022

Higher throughput requirements of the radio access network (RAN) of 5th generation (5G) network lead in turn to even more higher capacity require-ments of wireless backhaul segment. Current research proposes a model of microwave link channel with adaptive modulation under the fading condi-tions. This model allows to estimate maximum possible throughput with re-quired bit error probability (BEP) for channel with adaptive modulation un-der fading conditions. The contribution of the current research is the consid-eration of the 5G requirements on higher throughput and fading conditions in microwave link. Whereby this fading is assumed as a process with Rice distribution.
Predicting the client’s purchasing intention using Machine Learning models
Authors: Ahsain S. , Kbir M. Ait
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we introduce a prediction algorithm that will determine the likelihood that a client will purchase from a website or not. This system is part of a global e-commerce solution that will help the clients to get the best possible experience. The paper presents an overview of the e-commerce system’s various components and their various steps and also an activity diagram of the system, which shows the various steps that the platform can perform. It also provides a general idea of the system’s workflow.
A New Design of a Miniature Microstrip Bandpass Filter for DCS Applications
Authors: Kadiri Amal , Tajmouati Abdelali , Zbitou Jamal , Zahraoui Issam , Errkik Ahmed , Latrach Mohamed
Published: May 2022

This paper presents a new miniature Microstrip Bandpass Filter optimized and validated for DCS (Digital Cellular System) Band. The proposed filter is based on a Microstrip resonator. Each port has a step impedance feed line that can be used to adapt the filter's input impedance to the characteristic impedance Z0. The suggested filter is installed on a low-cost FR-4 substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.4, a thickness of 1.6 mm, a loss tangent tan (δ) = 0.025, and a metal thickness of t = 0.035 mm. It has a bandwidth of 1.68GHz to 2.05GHz. Two electromagnetic solvers are used to optimize and validate this filter. The whole dimensions of the final circuit are 33.6x40 mm2.

This filter is suitable for mobile communication.
Leach: Effect of round length on transferring images using the DWT compression technique
Authors: Taj Bennani Mohamed , Faysal Yaden Mohamed
Published: May 2022

The advancements in electronics has permitted the production of small devices called sensors. These nodes can capture different types of data like images. The network that performs this role is called WMSN (wireless multimedia sensor network). In this kind of networks, a routing protocol is very important. One of the key features of Leach is the efficient management of energy. However, when it comes to send images, we have to verify the energy efficiency. In fact, we use transferring images using WMSN like agriculture and surveillance among others in multiple areas. In this paper, we are going to simulate this protocol using Omnet++/Castalia. We are also going to see the effect of round length on energy consumption and the number of transferring images.
Performance study of a coexistence system in a PON network taking into account the stimulated scattering of Raman
Authors: Kherici Cheikh , Kandouci Malika
Published: May 2022

Some problems introduced by the need for coexistence between a Passive Optical Network PON technologies (GPON, XGS-PON, and NG-PON2 in particular) especially the Stimulated Raman Scattering SRS which appears when different PON technologies transfer undesirable powers between them. And in order to reduce the investment cost of the PON network including optical fibers, multiplexers, distributors, cabinets, … etc, and to meet the needs in terms of speed and new services such as: video on demand, high-definition television. The coexistence system is the privileged. In this paper, we will evaluate the performance of the following systems: GPON, XGS-PON, RF-video and NG-PON2 PtP with comparison and optimization in terms of bit error rate BER and Q factor taking into account the effect of Raman SRS. By varying the laser power from -10 dBm up to 10 dBm as well as the fiber lengths from 5 km up to 40 km while maintaining the best performance.
Environmental attitude and ecological behavior: the key of climate change to win the sustainable development challenge
Authors: Boukaya Lamia , Saoud Sahar
Published: May 2022

In this article, we are shining lights on the ecological transition, as a switch from a societal model that prioritizes economic growth towards a model that supports environmental sustainability as well economic prosperity at the same time. We will develop, in an approach foresight, which highlights all the dimensions influencing the role of each individual with respect to his behavior and ecological responsibility. This paper will also identify the determinants of consumer’s ecological behavior in the Moroccan context. It aims to describe a consumer's ecological behavior by taking a responsible decision that guarantees its social responsibility. The innovative benefit of our perception is to integrate the ecological aspect into the dimensions chosen in order to define and further explain a responsible ecological behavior.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Nerve Tumors
Authors: Behzad Barzin , Dianat Saeed
Published: May 2022

Nerve tumors are uncommon soft tissue neoplasms predominantly arising from peripheral nerve sheath and Schwann cells. We review the manifestations of benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors, concentrating on distinguishing imaging features of schwannomas versus neurofibromas with an emphasis on treatment implications. Nevertheless, there is often an overlap between the imaging presentation of these two conditions, making the accurate radiologic diagnosis challenging. Therefore, tissue sampling is often needed for a definitive histologic diagnosis. Treatment planning largely depends on symptoms, location of the lesion, and underlying risk factors. Three major syndromes, neurofibromatosis type 1, type 2, and schwannomatosis, predispose patients to peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNSTs), with particular concern about the malignant subtype expression. In patients with suspected PNSTs, correlation of imaging findings with clinical findings and genetic tests is helpful for a more accurate diagnosis and disease management. Some imaging features on magnetic resonance imaging and fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography can be helpful to differentiate malignant from benign subtypes.
Heinrich Ernst Albers-Schönberg, 1865–1921
Authors: Heuck Andreas , Goller Sophia S.
Published: May 2022

This history page in the series “Leaders in Musculoskeletal Radiology” is dedicated to the memory and achievements of the German physician Heinrich Albers-Schönberg, a pioneer of radiology whose name is connected to the medical eponym Albers-Schönberg's disease, also referred to as osteopetrosis or marble bone disease.
High-frequency magnetic susceptibility of a 2D electron gas with spin-orbit interaction in a parallel magnetic field under topological phase transition
Authors: Kolesnichenko Yu. A. , Stepanenko D. I.
Published: May 2022

We study theoretically spin transport in a two-dimensional electron system with an essential spin-orbit interaction under topological phase transition due to changing a parallel magnetic field. Analytical formulas for the high-frequency magnetic susceptibility tensor under conditions when both spin bands are filled have been obtained. A numerical analysis giving full enough representation of the dependence of the spin magnetic susceptibility on the frequency and magnetic field is presented. It has been established that the magnetic susceptibility experiences a jump for magnetic field values at which the connectivity of the Fermi contour is changed.
Occupation preferences and impacts of interstitial H, C, N, and O on magnetism and phase stability of Ni2MnGa magnetic shape memory alloys by first-principles calculations
Authors: Yan Hai-Le , Zhao Ying , Liu Hao-Xuan , Jia Nan , Tang Shuai , Yang Bo , Li Zongbin , Zhang Yudong , Esling Claude , Zhao Xiang , Zuo Liang
Published: May 2022

Microalloying by introducing small atoms into the interstitial sites of crystal represents an important strategy in composition design, usually enabling a leap in material performance under a tiny doping concentration. However, for the Ni–Mn-based magnetic shape memory alloys, plenty of critical scientific issues related to interstitial alloying remains ambiguous. In this work, by first-principles calculations, the occupation preferences, and the impacts and the underlying mechanisms of H, C, N, and O on magnetism, phase stability, and electronic structures of Ni2MnGa, were systemically investigated. By using a two-stage relaxation strategy, it is confirmed that all the studied interstitial atoms prefer to occupy the octahedral interstice, although the undistorted octahedral interstice possesses a smaller size than that of the tetragonal interstice. The magnetic moments of Ni and Mn around the interstitial element are highly modified, which is attributed to the decreased concentration of conduction electrons, resultant from the formation of covalent bonds between Ni and the interstitial atoms, and the revised distances between Mn–Ni(Mn) caused by the local lattice distortion. Interstitial alloying can highly tailor the phase stability and the c/a ratio of martensite. The doping of C has a great potential to destabilize the austenite owing to the reduced ferromagnetism, which is opposite to the case in steel. The atom radius of an interstitial atom may be the critical factor dominating the elastic stability of the alloyed systems. This work is expected to provide fundamental information for interstitial alloying to promote the design of advanced magnetic shape memory alloys.
Reconstructing community structure of online social network via user opinions
Authors: Li Ren-De , Guo Qiang , Zhang Xue-Kui , Liu Jian-Guo
Published: May 2022

User opinion affects the performance of network reconstruction greatly since it plays a crucial role in the network structure. In this paper, we present a novel model for reconstructing the social network with community structure by taking into account the Hegselmann–Krause bounded confidence model of opinion dynamic and compressive sensing method of network reconstruction. Three types of user opinion, including the random opinion, the polarity opinion, and the overlap opinion, are constructed. First, in Zachary’s karate club network, the reconstruction accuracies are compared among three types of opinions. Second, the synthetic networks, generated by the Stochastic Block Model, are further examined. The experimental results show that the user opinions play a more important role than the community structure for the network reconstruction. Moreover, the polarity of opinions can increase the accuracy of inter-community and the overlap of opinions can improve the reconstruction accuracy of intra-community. This work helps reveal the mechanism between information propagation and social relation prediction.
Absolute calibration of Fujifilm BAS-TR image plate response to laser driven protons up to 40 MeV
Authors: Martin P. , Ahmed H. , Doria D. , Alejo A. , Clarke R. , Ferguson S. , Fernández-Tobias J. , Freeman R. R. , Fuchs J. , Green A. , Green J. S. , Gwynne D. , Hanton F. , Jarrett J. , Jung D. , Kakolee K. F. , Krygier A. G. , Lewis C. L. S. , McIlvenny A. , McKenna P. , Morrison J. T. , Najmudin Z. , Naughton K. , Nersisyan G. , Norreys P. , Notley M. , Roth M. , Ruiz J. A. , Scullion C. , Zepf M. , Zhai S. , Borghesi M. , Kar S.
Published: May 2022

Image plates (IPs) are a popular detector in the field of laser driven ion acceleration, owing to their high dynamic range and reusability. An absolute calibration of these detectors to laser-driven protons in the routinely produced tens of MeV energy range is, therefore, essential. In this paper, the response of Fujifilm BAS-TR IPs to 1–40 MeV protons is calibrated by employing the detectors in high resolution Thomson parabola spectrometers in conjunction with a CR-39 nuclear track detector to determine absolute proton numbers. While CR-39 was placed in front of the image plate for lower energy protons, it was placed behind the image plate for energies above 10 MeV using suitable metal filters sandwiched between the image plate and CR-39 to select specific energies. The measured response agrees well with previously reported calibrations as well as standard models of IP response, providing, for the first time, an absolute calibration over a large range of proton energies of relevance to current experiments.
Dipole-regulated bandgap and high electron mobility for bilayer Janus MoSiGeN4
Authors: Lv Xiurui , Huang Heyuan , Mao Bangyao , Liu Guipeng , Zhao Guijuan , Yang Jianhong
Published: May 2022

Two-dimensional (2D) Janus materials have attracted the interest of scholars due to their asymmetric structure and unique physical properties. Recently, the 2D Janus MoSiGeN4 based on MoSi2N4 has been predicted. Here, the structure, electronic character, and carrier mobility of a bilayer in different stacks are investigated using the first-principles calculations. The results show that the dipole moment perpendicular to the x-y plane plays a dominant role in regulating the bandgap, which can be supported by the difference in vacuum energy levels between the two sides of the material. The layer stack has a dramatic effect on the bandgap, which is reduced to 0.57 eV for a bilayer structure. Further exploration of the electronic structure reveals that the bilayer energy band exhibits the type II energy band alignment, which is beneficial for the separation of photogenerated carriers. The bilayer boosts electron mobility by an order of magnitude to 58 522.3 cm2 V−1 s−1 for the monolayer. The results demonstrate the potential of the bilayer MoSiGeN4 for photocatalytic water splitting and electronic devices.
Analyzing international events through the lens of statistical physics: The case of Ukraine
Authors: Zanin M. , Martínez J. H.
Published: May 2022

During the last few years, statistical physics has received increasing attention as a framework for the analysis of real complex systems; yet, this is less clear in the case of international political events, partly due to the complexity in securing relevant quantitative data on them. Here, we analyze a detailed dataset of violent events that took place in Ukraine since January 2021 and analyze their temporal and spatial correlations through entropy and complexity metrics and functional networks. Results depict a complex scenario with events appearing in a non-random fashion but with eastern-most regions functionally disconnected from the remainder of the country—something opposing the widespread “two Ukraines” view. We further draw some lessons and venues for future analyses.
Semiconductor-metal transition in lead iodide under pressure
Authors: Cheng Peng , Wang Yunfeng , Ye Tingting , Chu Lingqiao , Yang Jin , Zeng Hong , Yao Deyuan , Pan Xiaomei , Zhang Jie , Jiang Huachao , Su Fuhai , Ding Junfeng
Published: May 2022

The two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor lead iodide (PbI2) has recently attracted considerable attention owing to its favorable properties in both applications as photodetectors and as a precursor for lead halide perovskite solar cells. Although earlier experiments have investigated the structural stability of PbI2 below 20 GPa, the electric structures at high pressure remain ambiguous, as does the crystal structure at higher pressures. Herein, a structural phase transition and a semiconductor-metal transition are revealed in PbI2 through high-pressure femtosecond optical pump-probe spectroscopy combined with Raman spectra, synchrotron x-ray diffraction (XRD), and resistance measurements up to 70 GPa. Two discontinuities appear in the pressure-dependent amplitude of the ultrafast spectroscopy at approximately 24.8 and 37.6 GPa. Raman spectra and in situ XRD patterns confirm a structural phase transition from orthorhombic Pnma to tetragonal I4/MMM symmetry at the first discontinuity. The second discontinuity is ascribed to the closure of the bandgap and the enhanced electron-phonon interaction across the semiconductor-metal transition, which is also revealed by the temperature dependencies of resistance for PbI2 under pressure. Our results not only help to design optical devices based on lead iodide but also highlight that ultrafast spectroscopy is an efficient noncontact tool to investigate the crystalline and electric phase transition under pressures simultaneously.
Fit for work, healthy for life – the science of wellbeing
Authors: Ashman Mike (Michael)
Published: May 2022

To help reduce physical injuries and improve mental health, Esso Australia has partnered with a seasoned wellness coach on a ‘Fit for Work, Healthy for Life’ program for the offshore workforce. Creating a health and wellbeing ‘game of life plan’ for an imperfect world, tailored to the challenges of offshore work to support personnel to perform at their best in all facets of life, at each stage of life, with a strong focus on being in the right head space to succeed. Key aspects are learning, eating, sleeping, connecting, injury prevention training, procrastination, instant gratification and mental health. Central to making any behavioural changes is individual engagement and making time to listen, which is being achieved through a real-world approach, discussing everyday challenges and normalising personal conversations combined with coaching on how to spark and manage difficult conversations to solve issues and concerns. As ‘no one t-shirt fits everyone’, we need to take diverse approaches, understanding that we are different, genetically, emotionally, physically and psychologically. ‘Listening to your body’ is a strategy discussed during the sessions that enables people to understand and act on potentially unrecognised mental or physical signs their body may be presenting. Since being rolled out to the offshore Esso workforce in the second quarter of 2021, the positive feedback from both a physical and mental health perspective from the participants has been overwhelming, with a common theme of healthy body, healthy mind shining through!
Understanding of advance care planning in primary care: a gap analysis
Authors: Chow Josephine , Harley Ann , Chroinin Danielle Ni , Kohler Friedbert , Harlum Janeane , Jobburn Kim , Keech Pamela , Williams Rachael , Fraser Susan , Hillman Ken
Published: May 2022

Background Although primary care is a well suited context for conducting advance care planning (ACP), there are many barriers to initiating discussions regarding future health preference and end-of-life conversations. Methods This qualitative study conducted 30 detailed individual interviews with senior administrators, medical and nurse practitioners of a local health district, NSW Ambulance, e-Health NSW, general practitioners and practice nurses to find out about barriers to ACP in South Western Sydney. Results Thematic analysis was conducted on the interviews. Six major themes were identified: Prevalence; Empowerment of roles and responsibilities; Lack of training/knowledge/confidence; Fragmentation of care; Patient/family readiness; and Prognostication. Half of the participants were willing to use a prognostic tool to identify when a patient was likely to be at the end of their life and provide a prompt to initiate ACP. Conclusion In addition to addressing training and acknowledging resource constraints, these findings suggest that if a prognostic tool was validated and practical in a primary care setting, it may provide valuable assistance to encourage everyone in society to begin discussing this issue and completing ACP.
Vertical structure of conventionally neutral atmospheric boundary layers
Authors: Liu Luoqin , Stevens Richard J. A. M.
Published: May 2022

Significance

The presented model describes the vertical structure of conventionally neutral atmospheric boundary layers. Due to the complicated interplay between buoyancy, shear, and Coriolis effects, analytical descriptions have been limited to the mean wind speed. We introduce an analytical approach based on the Ekman equations and the basis function of the universal potential temperature flux profile that allows one to describe the wind and turbulent shear stress profiles and hence capture features like the wind veer profile. The analytical profiles are validated against high-fidelity large-eddy simulations and atmospheric measurements. Our findings contribute to the scientific community’s fundamental understanding of atmospheric turbulence with direct relevance for weather forecasting, climate modeling, and wind energy applications.
The right to a fair trial and the right to interpreting
Authors: Ng Eva
Published: May 2022

The right to a fair trial for defendants in the criminal process is internationally recognised as a fundamental
human right that, among others, includes the right of defendants to have the free assistance of an interpreter if they cannot
understand or speak the language used in court. The failure to provide the required interpreting service or a deficiency in the
service provided can be raised as grounds of appeal for potentially denying or compromising defendants’ right to a fair trial.
This article discusses the limitations of chuchotage, a mode of interpreting commonly used in domestic courts.
These limitations potentially compromise interpreting accuracy, and, specifically, the absence of a record of the interpretation
can spell problems for appellate courts dealing with appeals advanced on the ground of the deficient interpreting provided in this
mode. This study reviews four such appeals in Hong Kong and reveals inconsistencies in the appellate courts’ rulings and the
reasoning behind their decisions. This study argues that these inconsistencies can lead to problems with implementing the
principle of stare decisis, while at the same time sending confusing messages about the standard of interpreting
required to safeguard a defendant’s right to a fair trial and about the future use of chuchotage in court.
On the creative use of metonymy
Authors: Littlemore Jeannette
Published: May 2022

Antonio Barcelona’s work has advanced our understanding of the role played by pragmatics in the production and
comprehension of metonymy. Much of his work has focused on playful uses of metonymy, which involve creative extensions of attested
metonymic relationships, particularly in the pursuit of adversarial humour. Whilst there has been extensive work on the creative
use of metaphor, very few studies have explored the range of ways in which metonymy is used creatively. In this article, I analyse
creative uses of metonymy from a range of sources including film reviews, text messaging, art, advertising, cinema and literature
in order to identify the different forms that creative uses of metonymy can take. In the process of analysing these different
creative uses of metonymy, I address the following questions: What is the difference between ‘novelty’ and ‘creativity’ and what
is the relationship between them, in the context of metaphor and metonymy? To what extent and in what ways are the principles
underpinning the identification of creative metonymy, analogous to those used in the identification of creative metaphor? At what
level of abstraction should the creativity be identified in each case? Can and should we distinguish between ‘creative metonymy
per se, and creative uses of metonymy? At what point can we say that a new metonymic mapping has been created as
opposed to a creative use of an existing mapping? What affordances does metonymy offer for creative use and how do these compare
with the affordances that are offered by metaphor?
Metonymichitting
Authors: Radden Günter
Published: May 2022

The chapter is concerned with the metonymic use ofhitin expressions such ashit the road. The metonymic nature underlying these expressions has already been noticed byRuhl (1989)andHirtle (2013). The present study focuses on the mapping of the literal use ofhitas the metonymic source to its target. The metonymic source is characterized by the use ofhitas an Achievement verb in sentences such asThe ball hit the window. The metonymic target inhit the roadcomprises two events, motion to a goal and a subsequent action. The relevant part of meaning resides in the unexpressed action. The action is inferred from the close relationship between a type of thing and potential actions afforded by the thing. InLet’s hit the road, the type nounroadaffords metonymic “routes” to three motivated kinds of actions: ‘travelling’, ‘beginning a journey’ and ‘leaving’.
Forty years of metonymy
Authors: Muñoz Carmen Portero
Published: May 2022

This study contributes to the existing body of research that aims at showing the impact of metonymy in grammar. In this case, new evidence will be provided by exploring the English pseudo-partitive construction of time measurement, illustrated byten years of marriage. By using corpus data, it will be shown that metonymy is at work in many instantiations of this construction. The second noun in these expressions shouldprima faciebe semantically eligible for time measurement, that is, a temporal entity or a second-order entity. However, this is not the only type of noun that appears in the second noun slot, which can also be occupied by first and third-order entities as well as places. The presence of an expression of time-measurement in the first part of the construction coerces different ontological categories into a second-order reading and can be regarded as a guide for the correct interpretation when the second noun includes several facets, illustrating the cognitive process of cueing.
Onomatopoeia and metonymy
Authors: Benczes Réka , Szabó Lilla Petronella
Published: May 2022

When it comes to onomatopoeia, it is often claimed that such words are the epitome of sound symbolism, as the link between form and meaning is felt to be “natural”. Yet, this is quite far from the case: onomatopoeic words do need to conform to the phonological and morphological restrictions of a respective language. Due to these restrictions, onomatopoeic forms can vary greatly with regard to the degree to which they are felt to be imitative of a particular sound, making it quite a challenge to succinctly delimit or define this category of words. Accordingly, the paper investigates the role of onomatopoeic formations in English and provides a novel definition of onomatopoeia that is able to encompass both novel and lexicalised examples. In order to do so, the paper advocates a metonymy-based approach to onomatopoeic forms.

While it is often stated within cognitive linguistics that metonymy is fundamental in language and cognition (see Barcelona, 2019 for a recent overview), few researchers have done so much to justify this claim as Antonio Barcelona. The present paper is in honour of this lifelong achievement.
Metonymy and the polysemy ofCovidin Italian
Authors: Pannain Rossella , Pace Lucia di
Published: May 2022

Among the linguistic consequences of the current pandemic, we focus on the usage of the lexemeCovid(-19)in Italian, both in the language of the daily press and in institutional/technical language. More specifically, we analyze the range of its polysemy and the role of metonymy in the semantic shifts that have produced it. The salience of the highly infectious pathogen, which also prompted its metaphorical reconceptualization, triggered the first extension of the term, originally denoting the disease, to predominantly denote the virus that causes it. This has also resulted in an almost complete shift of grammatical gender from feminine to masculine. Beside the primary metonymic shift,Covid(-19)developed a variety of further meanings which highlight different components of the emergingcovid frame. The linguistic data are drawn fromLa Repubblica, a daily general-interest newspaper, and from a selection of texts by major governmental and health institutions.
Hydride-based thermal energy storage
Authors: Adams Marcus , Buckley Craig E , Busch Markus , Bunzel Robin , Felderhoff Michael , Heo Tae Wook , Humphries Terry D , Jensen Torben R , Klug Julian , Klug Karl H , Møller Kasper T , Paskevicius Mark , Peil Stefan , Peinecke Kateryna , Sheppard Drew A , Stuart Alastair D , Urbanczyk Robert , Wang Fei , Walker Gavin S , Wood Brandon C , Weiss Danny , Grant David M
Published: May 2022

The potential and research surrounding metal hydride (MH) based thermal energy storage is discussed, focusing on next generation thermo-chemical energy storage (TCES) for concentrated solar power. The site availability model to represent the reaction mechanisms of both the forward and backward MH reaction is presented, where this model is extrapolated to a small pilot scale reactor, detailing how a TCES could function/operate in a real-world setting using a conventional shell & tube reactor approach. Further, the important parameter of effective thermal conductivity is explored using an innovative multi-scale model, to providing extensive and relevant experimental data useful for reactor and system design. Promising high temperature MH material configurations may be tuned by either destabilisation, such as using additions to Ca and Sr based hydrides, or by stabilisation, such as fluorine addition to NaH, MgH2, or NaMgH3. This versatile thermodynamic tuning is discussed, including the challenges in accurately measuring the material characteristics at elevated temperatures (500 –700 °C). Attention to scale up is explored, including generic design and prototype considerations, and an example of a novel pilot-scale pillow-plate reactor currently in development; where materials used are discussed, overall tank design scope and system integration.
Discrete curvature on graphs from the effective resistance*
Authors: Devriendt Karel , Lambiotte Renaud
Published: May 2022

This article introduces a new approach to discrete curvature based on the concept of effective resistances. We propose a curvature on the nodes and links of a graph and present the evidence for their interpretation as a curvature. Notably, we find a relation to a number of well-established discrete curvatures (Ollivier, Forman, combinatorial curvature) and show evidence for convergence to continuous curvature in the case of Euclidean random graphs. Being both efficient to approximate and highly amenable to theoretical analysis, these resistance curvatures have the potential to shed new light on the theory of discrete curvature and its many applications in mathematics, network science, data science and physics.
Gromov hyperbolicity of the 𝑗̃_{𝐺} metric and boundary correspondence
Authors: Zhou Qingshan , Ponnusamy Saminathan , Guan Tiantian
Published: May 2022

Let

G
⊊

R

n

G\subsetneq \mathbb {R}^n

be an open set. It is shown by Hästö that

G
G

equipped with the

j
~

G

\tilde {j}_G

metric is Gromov hyperbolic. The purpose of this paper is to show that there is a natural quasisymmetric correspondence between the Gromov boundary of

(
G
,

j
~

G

)

(G, \tilde {j}_G)

and its Euclidean boundary

∂
G

\partial G

. Both bounded and unbounded cases are in our considerations.
An automated multi-modal graph-based pipeline for mouse genetic discovery
Authors: Fang Zhuoqing , Peltz Gary
Published: May 2022

Motivation

Our ability to identify causative genetic factors for mouse genetic models of human diseases and biomedical traits has been limited by the difficulties associated with identifying true causative factors, which are often obscured by the many false positive genetic associations produced by a GWAS.

Results

To accelerate the pace of genetic discovery, we developed a graph neural network (GNN)-based automated pipeline (GNNHap) that could rapidly analyze mouse genetic model data and identify high probability causal genetic factors for analyzed traits. After assessing the strength of allelic associations with the strain response pattern; this pipeline analyzes 29M published papers to assess candidate gene–phenotype relationships; and incorporates the information obtained from a protein–protein interaction network and protein sequence features into the analysis. The GNN model produces markedly improved results relative to that of a simple linear neural network. We demonstrate that GNNHap can identify novel causative genetic factors for murine models of diabetes/obesity and for cataract formation, which were validated by the phenotypes appearing in previously analyzed gene knockout mice. The diabetes/obesity results indicate how characterization of the underlying genetic architecture enables new therapies to be discovered and tested by applying ‘precision medicine’ principles to murine models.

Availability and implementation

The GNNHap source code is freely available at https://github.com/zqfang/gnnhap, and the new version of the HBCGM program is available at https://github.com/zqfang/haplomap.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
An unexpected cause of a swollen pacemaker pocket: a case report
Authors: Popelier Bert , Vanheste Ruben , Cuypers Sofie , Heggermont Ward
Published: May 2022

Background

A complication originating from the pacemaker pocket after device implantation can most often be explained by a post-operative pocket haematoma, or, less frequently, by a pocket infection. Both conditions need immediate assessment, dedicated treatment, and specialized follow-up. In rare cases, however, a swollen pacemaker pocket has an alternative diagnosis, which is exemplified by the following case.

Case summary

A 70-year-old male patient had a-specific symptoms of fatigue, dyspnoea, and coughing for some weeks. He also noted an evident, new swelling of his pacemaker pocket several months after pacemaker implantation, a procedure that was performed in a high-volume center and without any complication. Ultrasound imaging of the pocket suggested the presence of a soft tissue mass with increased vascularity, rather than a fluid collection or a late organized haematoma. Ultrasound-guided biopsy of the mass was obtained for histopathology analysis and revealed a well-differentiated invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Additional PET-CT imaging demonstrated multiple fluorodeoxyglucose-avid hotspots: a voluminous lesion in the left lung hilum, smaller lesions in the liver, some mediastinal lymph nodes, several bone lesions, and a large mass surrounding the pacemaker. The multidisciplinary oncologic specialty team concluded that the patient had an aggressive metastatic lung carcinoma. The patient refused to undergo further treatment and died 1.5 months after diagnosis.

Discussion

To the best of our knowledge, we did not find any earlier reports of a squamous cell carcinoma of the lung spreading to a pacemaker pocket. Presentation of a primary tumour or a metastasis in a pacemaker pocket is extremely rare. Ultrasound imaging with ultrasound-guided biopsy is a fast and reliable method to sample the tissue and to obtain a reliable diagnosis.
Paroxysmal supine hypoxaemia with hyperthyroidism and atrial fibrillation: a case report of a diagnostic challenge
Authors: Liu Liang Yen , Reddy Yogesh N V , Niven Alexander S , Hu Tiffany Y , Larson Kathryn F , Mulpuru Siva K , Cullen Michael W
Published: May 2022

Background

A patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a persistent embryonic defect in the interatrial septum. Platypnoea-orthodeoxia syndrome is characterized by positional hypoxaemia that is most commonly due to right-to-left shunting through a PFO. Dynamic right-to-left shunting through a PFO can also exacerbate positional hypoxaemia without platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome.

Case summary

A 78-year-old woman with hyperthyroidism and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) presented with positional hypoxaemia exacerbated by supine positioning. Diagnostic testing revealed intermittent right-to-left shunting through a PFO triggered by worsening atrial functional tricuspid regurgitation and elevated right atrial pressures. Diuresis, rate control, and thyroidectomy initially led to resolution of positional hypoxaemia, but recurrent AF episodes triggered right-to-left shunting with recurrent desaturation. Left atrial and cavo-tricuspid isthmus ablation led to restoration of normal sinus rhythm and resolution of positional hypoxaemia without PFO closure.

Discussion

The clinical presentation of intermittent intracardiac right-to-left shunting can mimic decompensated heart failure with pulmonary oedema. Persistent hypoxaemia out of proportion to the degree of pulmonary oedema and minimally responsive to supplemental O2 should raise suspicion for right-to-left shunt aetiology. Positional arterial blood gases can facilitate the diagnostic evaluation of refractory hypoxaemia in cases of suspected shunting. Diagnostic imaging for PFO detection includes both transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography with Valsalva manoeuver and agitated saline injection. Closure of a PFO for management of arterial deoxygenation syndromes should not be performed before treating other causes of arterial deoxygenation and optimizing factors that may exacerbate shunting across the PFO.
Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus syndrome: case report from Syria
Authors: Haddad Joud , Salloum Riham , Omar Abdullah , Badran Ayham
Published: May 2022

The rare syndrome of Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus is known to be causing skin vascular lesions in the form of bluish papules, called blue nevi and the movable rubber-like consistency soft tissue masses. The syndrome frequently involves digestive system besides other visceral organs such as liver, lungs, thyroid gland, spleen and nervous system. We present a case of a 36-year-old female with Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus that involved skin and musculoskeletal system.
Acute pyelonephritis revealing a rare renal collision tumor of papillary and chromophobe cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid features
Authors: Boukhannous Ibrahim , El Moudane Anouar , Mokhtari Mohamed , Chennoufi Mehdi , Miry Achref , Barki Ali
Published: May 2022

A 59-year-old male patient was admitted to the emergency room with febrile right flank pain. The computed tomography scan and the magnetic resonance imaging had objectified lesion image occupying the upper half of the right kidney, measuring 82 mm, suggesting an infectious origin without excluding the infected tumor. He was put under antibiotics. A percutaneous biopsy revealed renal cell carcinoma with suppurative tumor necrosis. He underwent a right radical nephrectomy. The histopathological study revealed a collision tumor of papillary, chromophobe renal cell carcinoma and sarcomatoid dedifferentiation. It is the second case reported in English literature to date.
Practices, attitudes, and confidence related to tobacco treatment interventions in HIV clinics: a multisite cross-sectional survey
Authors: Bold Krysten W , Deng Yanhong , Dziura James , Porter Elizabeth , Sigel Keith M , Yager Jessica E , Ledgerwood David M , Bernstein Steven L , Edelman E Jennifer
Published: May 2022

Tobacco use disorder (TUD) is a major threat to health among people with HIV (PWH), but it is often untreated. Among HIV clinicians and staff, we sought to characterize practices, attitudes, and confidence addressing TUD among PWH to identify potential opportunities to enhance provision of care. Cross-sectional deidentified, web-based surveys were administered from November 4, 2020 through December 15, 2020 in HIV clinics in three health systems in the United States Northeast. Surveys assessed provider characteristics and experience, reported practices addressing tobacco use, and knowledge and attitudes regarding medications for TUD. Chi-square tests or Fisher’s exact tests were used to examine differences in responses between clinicians and staff who were prescribers versus nonprescribers and to examine factors associated with frequency of prescribing TUD medications. Among 118 survey respondents (56% prescribers), only 50% reported receiving prior training on brief smoking cessation interventions. Examining reported practices identified gaps in the delivery of TUD care, including counseling patients on the impact of smoking on HIV, knowledge of clinical practice guidelines, and implementation of assessment and brief interventions for smoking. Among prescribers, first-line medications for TUD were infrequently prescribed and concerns about medication side effects and interaction with antiretroviral treatments were associated with low frequency of prescribing. HIV clinicians and staff reported addressable gaps in their knowledge, understanding, and practices related to tobacco treatment. Additional work is needed to identify ways to ensure adequate training for providers to enhance the delivery of TUD treatment in HIV clinic settings.
A journey with TBM: into the third chapter
Authors: Knott Cheryl L
Published: May 2022

Lay Summary

Research about health-related behaviors and health behavior change is most powerful when what is learned is applied to help real people in real-world settings. Our part of the field is concerned with finding ways to bring effective health-supporting strategies to reach the people that need them. This article talks about our journal and how we can reach people in diverse audiences with our research, for the greatest impact.
Research progress on train operation safety in Xinjiang railway under wind environment
Authors: Liu Tanghong , Wang Lei , Gao Hongrui , Xia Yutao , Guo Zijian , Li Wenhui , Liu Hongkang
Published: May 2022

Railway lines in the Xinjiang wind area face severe wind disasters year-round, which seriously affects the safety and economy of the railway in China. Therefore, the wind characteristics and statistics of wind-induced accidents along the Xinjiang railway lines are presented and the basic research route for evaluating the train running safety under crosswinds and effective measures to improve the windproof performances of trains are proposed, which are meaningful to deal with wind-induced train accidents. Based on this research route, a series of numerical simulations are conducted to evaluate train safety and the corresponding measures are provided. The results show the following. The running safety of the train under crosswinds mainly depends on the aerodynamic loads acting on the train. The relationships between the safe speed limit and train type, the load weight, the embankment height, the road cutting depth, the railway line curve parameters, the yaw angle and other factors are obtained. The critical wind-vehicle speed relationship, as well as the engineering speed limit value under different running conditions, are determined. Large values of the aerodynamic and dynamic indices mainly appear in special locations, such as near earth-embankment-type windbreak walls, shallow cuttings and the transition sections between various types of windbreak walls. Measures such as increasing the height of the earth-embankment-type windbreak walls, adding wind barriers with reasonable heights in shallow cuttings and optimizing the design of different types of transition sections are proposed to significantly improve the safe speed limits of trains under crosswinds.
Role of nursing in telehealth
Authors: Lebar Kiersten , Chandra Shruti , Hollander Judd E.
Published: May 2022

This article explores the types, features, and benefits of telehealth—including a sample telehealth program—and discusses the role of nurses in the efficient delivery and improvement of telehealth systems.
Electrical Impedance Tomography in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Management
Authors: Jimenez Jose Victor , Weirauch Andrew J. , Culter Christopher A. , Choi Philip J. , Hyzy Robert C.
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVE:

To describe, through a narrative review, the physiologic principles underlying electrical impedance tomography, and its potential applications in managing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). To address the current evidence supporting its use in different clinical scenarios along the ARDS management continuum.

DATA SOURCES:

We performed an online search in Pubmed to review articles. We searched MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register, and clinicaltrials.gov for controlled trials databases.

STUDY SELECTION:

Selected publications included case series, pilot-physiologic studies, observational cohorts, and randomized controlled trials. To describe the rationale underlying physiologic principles, we included experimental studies.

DATA EXTRACTION:

Data from relevant publications were reviewed, analyzed, and its content summarized.

DATA SYNTHESIS:

Electrical impedance tomography is an imaging technique that has aided in understanding the mechanisms underlying multiple interventions used in ARDS management. It has the potential to monitor and predict the response to prone positioning, aid in the dosage of flow rate in high-flow nasal cannula, and guide the titration of positive-end expiratory pressure during invasive mechanical ventilation. The latter has been demonstrated to improve physiologic and mechanical parameters correlating with lung recruitment. Similarly, its use in detecting pneumothorax and harmful patient-ventilator interactions such as pendelluft has been proven effective. Nonetheless, its impact on clinically meaningful outcomes remains to be determined.

CONCLUSIONS:

Electrical impedance tomography is a potential tool for the individualized management of ARDS throughout its different stages. Clinical trials should aim to determine whether a specific approach can improve clinical outcomes in ARDS management.