bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Value of Social Media Analysis for Adverse Events Detection and Pharmacovigilance: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Golder Su , O'Connor Karen , Wang Yunwen , Klein Ari , Gonzalez Hernandez Graciela
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Adverse drug events pose an enormous public health burden, leading to hospitalization, disability, and death. Even the adverse events (AEs) categorized as nonserious can severely impact on patient’s quality of life, adherence, and persistence. Monitoring medication safety is challenging. Web-based patient reports on social media may be a useful supplementary source of real-world data. Despite the growth of sophisticated techniques for identifying AEs using social media data, a consensus has not been reached as to the value of social media in relation to more traditional data sources.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate and characterize the utility of social media analysis in adverse drug event detection and pharmacovigilance as compared with other data sources (such as spontaneous reporting systems and the clinical literature).

METHODS

In this scoping review, we searched 11 bibliographical databases and Google Scholar, followed by handsearching and forward and backward citation searching. Each record was screened by 2 independent reviewers at both the title and abstract stage and the full-text screening stage. Studies were included if they used any type of social media (such as Twitter or patient forums) to detect AEs associated with any drug medication and compared the results ascertained from social media to any other data source. Study information was collated using a piloted data extraction sheet. Data were extracted on the AEs and drugs searched for and included; the methods used (such as machine learning); social media data source; volume of data analyzed; limitations of the methodology; availability of data and code; comparison data source and comparison methods; results, including the volume of AEs, and how the AEs found compared with other data sources in their seriousness, frequencies, and expectedness or novelty (new vs known knowledge); and conclusions.

RESULTS

Of the 6538 unique records screened, 73 publications representing 60 studies with a wide variety of extraction methods met our inclusion criteria. The most common social media platforms used were Twitter and online health forums. The most common comparator data source was spontaneous reporting systems, although other comparisons were also made, such as with scientific literature and product labels. Although similar patterns of AE reporting tended to be identified, the frequencies were lower in social media. Social media data were found to be useful in identifying new or unexpected AEs and in identifying AEs in a timelier manner.

CONCLUSIONS

There is a large body of research comparing AEs from social media to other sources. Most studies advocate the use of social media as an adjunct to traditional data sources. Some studies also indicate the value of social media in understanding patient perspectives such as the impact of AEs, which could be better explored.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/47068
The Pragmatic Motivation of Atypical English Way into/to Construction
Authors: Gu Yuting , Huang Ying
Published: April 2024

The English way construction exhibits distinct constructional meaning and semantic features; however, the prepositional slot in this construction has not received sufficient attention, and there remains a lack of comparative research regarding different prepositions in this field. This study set out to examine the semantic classification, mapping features, cognitive factors in the subcategory English way into/to construction, and to improve the algorithm of ΔPratio. The research adopted a bottom-up corpus-driven approach based on the BNC and used HAC (Hierarchical Cluster Analysis) to explore the semantic categories of the verb collexemes and compare the lexical richness in these two constructions. The results revealed that at the level of linguistic structure, coercion and metaphor, as well as family resemblance, served as legitimization methods for verb entry into the construction, while the principles of economy and expressivity disclosed the intentions and motivations behind the semantic extensions of constructions at the pragmatic level. Additionally, this research found that the latter two principles were competitive in the interpretation process of way into/to construction, providing insights into understanding the psychological and social factors in language communication.
Creating a Visual Dictionary of Sociology: A Faculty-Student Collaboration
Authors: Liddle Kathy , Mantha Ujwal
Published: April 2024

The Visual Dictionary of Sociology is a collection of images that illustrate core sociological concepts, created through a multi-year partnership with an undergraduate artist. I have successfully used the images in a first-year introductory sociology course to encourage discussion and deep thinking among students. The process of creating the images provided an opportunity for the student to gain a deeper understanding of the concepts through regular consultation with me, and for me to reflect on my own teaching practices. Drawing on reflections gathered from both of us, I discuss the creation process, the growth we have experienced, and the impact on my teaching.
Examining the Foundation: Scaffolding “soft” skills from entry to graduation in an undergraduate business program
Authors: Johnston Sonja , Lee Charissa
Published: April 2024

Critical thinking, creativity, communication, teamwork, emotional intelligence, problem-solving, empathy, resilience, ambition, grit, innovation... (Heckman & Kautz, 2012). These skills, known as a contentious four-letter “S” word (soft), are considered a requirement for employment and advancement for the 21st-century graduate (Carnevale & Smith, 2013). Within a School of Business, in an environment highly regarded for technical skill achievement in diploma and degree graduates, faculty set out to investigate the contentiousness and inclusion of human skills in curriculum outcomes. While not directly built into the curriculum, there is an institutional understanding that human skill development is innately a part of the programs. The intention is that human skills (LeBusque, 2020), or power skills (PMI, 2022) naturally occur during course delivery, creating a commonality across foundational courses to reinforce the skill sets identified, developed, and refined as students complete their credentials. However, industry reports (Lapointe & Turner, 2020; RBC, 2019) and the authors’ own institutional data collected from new graduates and employers indicated room for improvement in these skills.
To gain a better understanding, the authors undertook a critical examination through a document analysis of all common core courses that form the program foundation. This involved 24 common courses, comprising 1,442-course objectives or outcomes, resulting in a range of 134 Bloom’s Taxonomy verbs. In this paper, the authors begin the first phase of this comprehensive study with a return to the course foundations. Through this analysis, the authors present a framework to better understand and strengthen the learning foundation, to proceed with realignment and strategic scaffolding of both technical and human skills from entry through graduation.
Keywords: business education, skill development, course objectives, Bloom's Taxonomy, 21st-century graduate, document analysis
Two-Particle Scattering on Non-Translation Invariant Line Lattices
Authors: Silva Luna Lima e , Brod Daniel Jost
Published: April 2024

Quantum walks have been used to develop quantum algorithms since their inception, and can be seen as an alternative to the usual circuit model; combining single-particle quantum walks on sparse graphs with two-particle scattering on a line lattice is sufficient to perform universal quantum computation. In this work we solve the problem of two-particle scattering on the line lattice for a family of interactions without translation invariance, recovering the Bose-Hubbard interaction as the limiting case. Due to its generality, our systematic approach lays the groundwork to solve the more general problem of multi-particle scattering on general graphs, which in turn can enable design of different or simpler quantum gates and gadgets. As a consequence of this work, we show that a CPHASE gate can be achieved with high fidelity when the interaction acts only on a small portion of the line graph.
A mais pura florzinha do campo: Imagens de Maria em canções nativistas gaúchas
Authors: Machado Renato
Published: April 2024

O artigo tem por objetivo contribuir para a compreensão e reconhecimento de um processo de inculturação cristã, historicamente estabelecido na interlocução com as características próprias de cada povo, reconhecendo-se nesse mesmo povo um locus teológico firmado em sua caminhada na busca por um sentido último para sua existência sobre a terra. Para tanto, assumimos a tarefa teológica da decodificação do campo simbólico religioso em produções artísticas e culturais, analisando um conjunto de canções regionalistas do Rio Grande do Sul. Como recorte mais específico, este estudo discute a forma como a figura de Maria é abordada nas canções escolhidas e quais diálogos teológico-culturais são possíveis entrever nessas produções. Para tanto, discutimos brevemente a origem e as características do gaúcho como tipo humano da região pampeana e apresentamos a cena musical do ciclo dos festivais nativistas do Rio Grande do Sul, contextualizando, com isso, as canções analisadas. No exame das canções, discutimos o conteúdo das letras à luz do catolicismo popular e da teologia latino-americana, buscando nas correlações entre religião e cultura a compreensão das grandes buscas existenciais humanas naquele contexto.
Dilematika “Keadaan Tertentu” Dalam Penjatuhan Sanksi Pidana Mati Terhadap Koruptor di Indonesia
Authors: Sabila Natasha Intania , Syadidah Az Zahro Maharani Qaulan , Putriga Balilah Rizki
Published: April 2024

Phrase certain conditions are regulated by law as one of the reasons for imposing the death penalty on corruptors. Emergency management funds. As a serious crime, the threat of the death penalty for corruptors still leaves a variety of discourse between pro- and con-parties. This article aims to examine the consequences of death penalty sanctions in certain circumstances in terms of the effectiveness of imposing punishment on corruptors. This study uses normative legal methods. Data was callected from legal and statutory literature. The research results show that there are still multiple interpretations of the phrase "certain conditions" contained in Article 2 Paragraph 2 of Law Number 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crimes. Corruption that has occurred as a national disaster means that the government has emphasized corruption as a serious act that causes the country to be unstable or in certain situations. Judges can define and provide parameters regarding "certain circumstances" so that death penalty sanctions can be executed. The repressive action of the death penalty can be an appropriate alternative sanction for extraordinary crimes and can be a law that does justice and balances the human rights of people who have been deprived of it.
Modern Iranian fiction in the Soviet Union: Translation and representation
Authors:   HSE University (Russia, Moscow), Nikitenko E. L.
Published: April 2024

During the Soviet era, the works of 55 contemporary Iranian authors were translated into Russian and published in the Soviet Union. Prefaces and afterwords, usually written by Iran scholars, provided the Soviet reading audience with a paradigm for perceiving the translated novels and short stories. This paper aims to offer an analytical survey of the history of the translation of modern Iranian fiction into Russian and to trace the major trends in the representation of the translated works. The thematic range of translated works correlated with the domestic political agenda and the changes in Soviet-Iranian relations, as well as with the current state of Soviet Iranian Studies. The influence of personal tastes and connections of certain Iran scholars engaged in the process of translation can also be detected. Generally, the translations of contemporary literature of Iran were to demonstrate that Iranian intellectuals were aware of the flaws of their society, and eager to choose the more humanistic values of the socialist countries. Before World War II, the translators were mainly interested in the socio-political aspect of the works. After the war and before the thaw in Soviet-Iranian relations, translators focused mainly on social satire. In the 1960s – early 1980s, many works of the most prominent Iranian writers of the period were translated into Russian. In the early 1980s, these translations were viewed as a means of understanding the reasons for the Iranian upheaval. The novels and short stories of Iranian modernists, as well as other ideologically inappropriate works, remained untranslated.
‘One should marry in church for a strong marriage’: Why people in Soviet Russia in the 1920s kept getting married in church
Authors:   HSE University (Russia, Moscow), Grafova M. A.
Published: April 2024

This article explores religious marriage in the USSR during the New Economic Policy (NEP). From the start, the Soviet authorities made great efforts to gradually eliminate religious beliefs within Soviet society. One of the first steps in that direction was the removal of marriage from Church jurisdiction. Moreover, Soviet power was constantly trying to compromise the tradition of religious marriage. However, many people still preferred to be married in church in addition to civil registration. A wide range of historical sources studied in this research (political and sanitary propaganda, communist and entertainment media, printed court reports) reveals that the new “civil” marriage was considered to be extremely unreliable by “ordinary” people, especially young girls of marriageable age and their parents. It was too easy to enter into such a marriage and to end it. It was associated with divorces, alimony suits, almost legalized cheating. The intention to marry in church at least meant a serious commitment, a willingness to take responsibility. Also, even many years later, during the Census of 1937, the majority of the population of the USSR considered themselves believers. This situation continued until a crucial change in ideology and social politics took place in the late 1920s, when most churches were closed. This study is focused on psychology of the “little man” in an epoch of global political and social changes.
The estate topos in B. K. Zaytsev’s novel The Golden Pattern: originality of implementation and reception of L. N. Tolstoy’s prose
Authors:   A. M. Gorky Institute of World Literature, Russian Academy of Sciences (Russia, Moscow), Andreeva V. G.
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this article is to analyze the originality of the estate topos and its role in the novel The Golden Pattern, and to identify some significant parallels in the depiction of estate space by Tolstoy and Zaytsev. Our tasks include assessing the typology and characteristics of estates in the artistic world of Zaytsev’s novel, clarifying the writer’s attitude to the form of estate life in the past and to the possibility and significance of preserving the memory of it. The estate topos plays an important role in Zaytsev’s novel: it organizes its chronotope, helps the writer lay out the characters’ path to an awareness of the value of home and family. We show that the writer created the psychological portrait and behavioral characteristics of the protagonist of The Golden Pattern with the image of Tolstoy’s Anna Karenina as a reference point. Thanks to a focus on Tolstoy’s discoveries, Zaytsev implements in the artistic world of his novel the motif of disregard for the land, the motif of managing the estate, the opposition of the natural and the machine. At the same time, he creatively uses non-plot connections, which his predecessor developed in the novel Anna Karenina and a number of other works, and which are based on a multi-level interlinkage of various elements of artistic representation.
The one who declaims poems: The ritual nature of the poetic bonfire
Authors:   I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Russia, Moscow) b  The Russian Presi, Levochskiy S. S. , Levochskaia E. F. ,   The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (Russia, Moscow), Morozova A. M. ,   The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (Russia, Moscow)
Published: April 2024

This article provides research into poetic bonfires, a collective reading practice in modern Russia, for example, the Marina Tsvetaeva bonfire and the Nikolay Rubtsov bonfire. On the popular poets’ death day or birthday, readers gather to read his or her poems and sing songs in a special place related to the poet’s biography. This practice is important in the context of reading practices and the formation and maintenance of a readers/reading community. The authors interpreted through the prism of cultural anthropology collected materials such as ethnographic diaries with thick descriptions and interviews. The authors make the assumption that poetic bonfires, with their ritualistic nature, are connected with the concept of cosmos (everything has to exist in right order). The cosmology of poetic bonfires is set through the repetition of behavioral templates, for example, reading poems and making the bonfire, and by semiotization of the area where the poetic bonfire takes place through the biography of the poet and the readers’ own poetry. Legitimization of the poetic bonfire depends on these factors, but at the same time, in most cases the poetic bonfire itself is informal. Therefore, the informal status of the poetic bonfire makes it a safe space and a special emotional refuge for the participants. The rituality that characterizes poetic bonfires allows participants to unite as a whole group with their own rules and behavioral models.
Agency in contemporary European art (2017–2023) in the context of social and cultural trends: Manifestations and effects
Authors:   HSE University (Russia, Moscow), Afanaseva I. A. , Sorokin P. S. ,   HSE University (Russia, Moscow), Goloshchapov A. A. ,   Independent Scholar (Russia, St. Petersburg)
Published: April 2024

“Agency” or active transformative behavior of individuals in relation to the social world remains one of the central concepts of discussion and research for both the social and the political sciences, and for practice in the field of education, economics, culture, and social policy. The current state of societal processes, de-structuration, makes individual agency especially important for both individual and collective well-being. The contribution of art to understanding and promoting agency remains little known in the scholarly world. The purpose of this research is to study the vision of agency issues by representatives of the contemporary European artistic process in the context of social and cultural trends relevant to Europe and to compare this vision with interpretations in other spheres of public life. The authors try to show how initiatives aimed at developing agency originate in the institutional and noninstitutional art fields in Europe; how they manifest themselves and with what effects. The article puts forward a typology of agency in the contemporary cultural process: 1) social transformation; 2) escapism; 3) crisis adaptation; 4) transformation of actor; quantitative characteristics and concrete examples for each type are provided. Particular attention is paid to the concrete forms of agency that the field of art generates, and how discovered cases reflect broader processes in the social life of Europe.
Can subalterns sing? Kalmyk songs about their exile to Siberia
Authors:   N. N. Miklukho-Maklai Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russia Academy of Sciences (Russia, Moscow), Guchinova E.-B. M. , Seleeva Ts. B. ,   The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (Russia, Moscow)
Published: April 2024

The article deals with Kalmyk folk songs about the deportation of the Kalmyk people to Siberia (1943–1957). The purpose is to exhibit the Siberian cycle of Kalmyk songs as a special genre, to elucidate its folklore specifics and to show how its pragmatics have changed depending on the political context during the last 80 years. The study is based on a corpus of 80 texts in the Kalmyk language. The songs were collected among folk song performers in Kalmykia, and from archival recordings, social networks and published songs. The tradition of the Siberian song operates with its own fund of various types of constants and formulas. The article provides an analysis of plots, stylistics, reflections of small genres of folklore in song texts. Particular attention is paid to the pragmatics of Siberian songs in connection with the historical policy of the state, to the development of the performing canon and to the role of songs in the process of ethnic identification and collective memory. The songs of the Siberian cycle have a special role: these local voices became a vital source about the life and feelings of the Kalmyks in 1943–1957, as a kind of musical ego-documents reflecting the thoughts and feelings of the exiles: bewilderment, bitterness, resentment, hope. The authors show that the Siberian songs were the only public form of protest and a way to proclaim the suffering of the Kalmyks as a group.
IIRPMS: An AI and IoT Enabled Remote Patient Monitoring and Data Analytics System for Real-Time Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: M Trupthi , Kavuri Radhika , Swathi K.
Published: April 2024

The Internet of Things (IoT) is an amalgamation of interdisciplinary
technologies that paved the way for novel and unprecedented
possibilities and use cases. Although IoT technology will impact every
human on this planet in the future, it will have an impact with no
uncertain terms in various domains. In the healthcare domain, the IoT
has its influence on making once impossible things into reality. Remote
patient monitoring (RPM) has the potential to save the lives of people
and improve quality of service (QoS) in healthcare units. It also saves
time, effort and money in addition to preventing the death of people
with its real-time monitoring of patients’ vital signs and providing
treatment without delay. This is the motivation behind taking up this
research. The existing endeavours in realizing an RPM system are step
forward toward this goal. However, there is more to be done to achieve a
reliable and secure RPM that serves the intended purpose. In this paper,
we strive to take this research forward by implementing an efficient RPM
system with a functional prototype. The proposed system is known as the
IoT-driven Intelligent Remote Patient Monitoring System (IIRPMS). It
sheds light on the mechanisms of the RPM and its utility to people in
general. The proposed RPM is implemented using interoperable programming
practices. It has artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled methods for the
diagnosis of diseases. The proposed method for heart disease prediction
is known as the Hybrid Bioinspired Model, which exploits the adaptive
neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) algorithm whose parameters are
optimized by a modified salp swarm optimization (MSSO) technique. The
system has a provision for patient attendants and doctors to monitor
patient vital signs and diagnosis results in real time. On observation
of discrepancies in the patient’s vital signs, doctors can take steps to
treat patients in near real time, which will minimize the mortality rate
caused by cardiovascular and other such diseases that need real-time
monitoring and treatment. The proposed HBM outperforms the
state-of-the-art methods with 99.45% accuracy
RELAÇÃO DO RISCO DA EMPRESA COM OS KEY AUDIT MATTERS REPORTADOS NOS RELATÓRIOS DE AUDITORIA INDEPENDENTE
Authors: Dal Bem Venturini Lauren , De Meneses Silva Vanessa , Alberton Luiz , Alonso Borba José , Flach Leonardo
Published: April 2024

Este estudo tem por objetivo analisar se o risco da empresa é um fator determinante da divulgação dos key audit matters (KAM) reportados nos relatórios de auditoria independente (RAI) no período de 2016 a 2019 das empresas brasileiras listadas na B3 S.A. – Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão. Foram analisados 1.185 RAIs e 3.339 KAM. Procedeu-se com a análise de conteúdo dos KAM, categorizando conforme as seis classificações da ACCA (2018) – Assuntos Complexos, Assuntos Específicos do Setor, Ativos, Impairments, Passivos e Controles. Posteriormente, sumarizou-se seguindo as categorias propostas por Lennox et al. (2019) e Sierra-García et al. (2019), separando em dois itens: risco ao nível da entidade ou em nível da conta. De modo geral, foi reportado, em média, 2,80 KAM por companhia, e 61,14% da amostra foi auditada por big four. A maior parte dos KAM classifica-se como Assuntos Complexos (30%) e relacionados a risco em nível da conta (87%). Observou-se uma relação positiva entre o risco, mensurado pelo beta da empresa, e os KAM classificados como risco em nível da conta. Por meio da regressão quantílica, descobriu-se também que os auditores tendem a divulgar uma maior quantidade de KAM em empresas maiores, com registro de perdas em anos consecutivos e que apresentam menor alavancagem. Isso demonstra que as características da empresa (especificamente o risco) podem ser consideradas como possíveis determinantes da divulgação dos KAM nos relatórios de auditoria independente das empresas listadas na B3.
Optimization of bonding parameters in diffusion bonding of Cu10Sn-B4C composites produced by P/M method
Authors: Ada Hakan , Özsoy Serkan
Published: April 2024

In this study, bronze matrix and B4C reinforced composite materials were produced by the P/M method, and diffusion bonding processes were applied to these materials in the experimental setup created by the Taguchi method. In the bonding processes, it is assumed that the temperature required for diffusion will also be sufficient for the sintering of the samples, so an additional sintering process has not been performed on the specimens. Shear and microhardness tests and microstructural examinations were carried out to determine the material characterization. Microstructure examinations indicated that the powder metal specimens were properly sintered. In experimental studies, a decrease in microhardness and an increase in shear strength were observed as the temperature increased. With the increase in reinforcement rate, an increase in the shear strength of bonds and microhardness was observed. After the optimization process, the optimum result was detected in the bonding at 820?C temperature, 20 kg load, and 40 minutes duration in unreinforced bonding. At the end of the verification experiments, it was observed that the resistance value obtained in the experimental studies and the estimated value were negligible at 3.71%, and there was a 21.92% progress in shear strength compared to the initial parameter value.
Terapéuticas actuales ante el infarto agudo de miocardio
Authors:   Investigador Independiente, Quezada Criollo Veronica Elizabeth , Sánchez Gutiérrez Andrea Katiuska ,   Investigador Independiente, Bravo Amores Andres Clemente ,   Investigador Independiente, Reyes Proaño Sharon Irene ,   Investigador Independiente
Published: April 2024

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo el análisis de las terapéuticas actuales ante el infarto agudo de miocardio. La metodología se enmarcó en el análisis de contenidos. En tal sentido, se realizó una revisión documental-bibliográfica a partir de un número significativo de referencias bibliográficas. Se revisaron artículos, en idioma inglés y español, en revistas nacionales e internacionales en bases de datos como Scielo, Dialnet, Medline, y Elsevier. Así como textos especializados y tesis. Se analizó la calidad, fiabilidad y validez de estos documentos seleccionados para realizar una adecuada revisión. Para la selección de los materiales literarios se asumieron criterios de calidad metodológica y científica, aportes y año de publicación entre 2016 a 2021. Sin embargo, se incluyó trabajos de otros años por considerarlos valiosos para este estudio. Los resultados obtenidos dan cuenta de que: la enfermedad cardíaca isquémica es uno de los principales contribuyentes a la pérdida mundial de años de vida ajustados por invalidez. Siendo el infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM), dentro del espectro de patologías cardiovasculares, la manifestación más agresiva de este conjunto de enfermedades. Se concluye que: el manejo del infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM) continúa experimentando cambios importantes, por tanto, la buena práctica debe basarse en evidencias derivadas de estudios clínicos realizados correctamente. Así, la OMS recomienda usar la definición universal de Infarto de Miocardio (IM) dentro del esquema de buenas prácticas, en ámbitos donde no falten recursos y utilizar estándares más flexibles donde sean más escasos.
Evaluación de las propiedades antioxidantes y físicas de una crema exfoliante desarrollada a partir de la cáscara de Mauritia flexuosa L. (morete)
Authors:   Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Puyo, Pastaza, Ecuador, Rivera Barreto Jannys Lizeth , Luna Fox Sting Brayan ,   Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Puyo, Pastaza, Ecuador, Rodríguez Almeida Nancy Narcisa ,   Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Puyo, Pastaza, Ecuador, Dahua Gualinga Ruth Dayra ,   Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Puyo, Pastaza, Ecuador
Published: April 2024

El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar las propiedades antioxidantes y físicas de una crema exfoliante desarrollada a partir de la cáscara de Mauritia flexuosa L. (morete). La caracterización de la cáscara de morete se determinó mediante la metodología AOAC 2023. Se determinó el pH, viscosidad y extensibilidad de cada crema formulada. El contenido de polifenoles totales se calculó mediante el método de Folin-Ciocalteu y la actividad antioxidante se midió por la técnica Frap. Se planteó un diseño factorial para evaluar el efecto de la adición de cáscara de morete en las cremas sobre los polifenoles totales y actividad antioxidante. Los resultados muestran que la cáscara de morete posee 2.43% de ceniza, 46.28% de humedad, 7.81% de proteína bruta, 8.42% de grasa y 14.50 mg/100g carbohidratos totales. Los resultados de pH, viscosidad y extensibilidad variaron de 6.26 a 7.28, 6416.8 a 8642.2 mPa.s y 8.2 a 9.9 cm respectivamente. La adición del 8% de cáscara de morete en las cremas generó los niveles más altos de polifenoles totales y actividad antioxidante, con valores de 42.65 mg EAG/100 g y 169800 µg eq. Trólox/100 g. Estos resultados ofrecen valiosa información para el desarrollo de formulaciones cosméticas enriquecidas con propiedades antioxidantes derivadas de la cáscara de morete.
Una propuesta educativa para disminuir el impacto ambiental por desechos sólidos urbanos generados por los estudiantes
Authors:   Universidad Técnica de Machala, Machala, Ecuador, Silva Jaramillo Alfonso , Tandazo Cuenca Tanya ,   Universidad Técnica de Machala, Machala, Ecuador, Lapo Calderón Byron ,   Universidad Técnica de Machala, Machala, Ecuador, Carchi Tandazo Tanya ,   Universidad Técnica de Machala, Machala, Ecuador
Published: April 2024

La enseñanza y aprendizaje mediante el trabajo colaborativo es una práctica que hace participar de forma actica a estudiantes para que trabajen juntos, y de esta manera, puedan resolver un caso y/o problema, tarea o crear un producto; con esta técnica se crea una autonomía en los estudiantes, permitiéndoles ser más activos en las diferentes actividades que deban realizar. Por tal motivo, el objetivo de la presente investigación es diseñar una propuesta educativa que contribuya a disminuir el impacto ambiental por desechos sólidos generados por los estudiantes mediante la implementación de equipos de trabajo colaborativos (ETC). En lo que respecta a la secuencia didáctica, se abordó el impacto de la contaminación y la estructuración de los equipos de trabajo colaborativo. Para evaluar el conocimiento de los estudiantes, se proponen llevar a cabo matrices de evaluación, las cuales permitirán evaluar los resultados y/o logros de aprendizaje de manera individual y en grupo que fueron alcanzados por los participantes en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Con esta investigación se pretende abordar o implementar una técnica pedagógica, que es el aprendizaje colaborativo en la educación, mediante el uso de diferentes tareas y/o actividades para disminuir el impacto ambiental producido por los desechos sólidos urbanos
Intervenciones de enfermería en pacientes con preeclampsia
Authors:   Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Ecuador, Paguay Daquilema Marisol Elizabeth , Casa Zaruma Karina del Pilar ,   Hospital General Macas, Ecuador. Ecuador, Cajamarca Tigre Sandra Margarita ,   Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Ecuador, Tixi Cruz Nube Alexandra ,   Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Ecuador, Ponce Remache Fanny Isabel ,   Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Ecuador
Published: April 2024

La presente revisión bibliográfica se centra en las acciones de los enfermeros en las unidades de salud al brindar atención, especialmente a grupos vulnerables como las embarazadas, quienes pueden desarrollar preeclampsia, una complicación del embarazo que puede aparecer a partir de la semana 20 de gestación o dos semanas después del parto. Se considera que esta enfermedad es la tercera causa de morbilidad y mortalidad. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue sistematizar investigaciones sobre las actividades de enfermería revisando estudios previos sobre la atención a pacientes con esta patología. Se utilizaron 206 artículos de las siguientes bases científicas: Scielo, Scopus, Pubmed, E-Book, ProQuest, Google Académico y Ebook Central para la revisión bibliográfica. Entre 2014 y 2019, estos artículos se publicaron, lo que permitió la triangulación y el análisis de la información pertinente, así como la discusión y el estudio correspondientes. Se identificaron las principales acciones de enfermería durante el proceso, basándose en la coincidencia de los autores. Estas acciones se relacionaron con las intervenciones de la Clasificación de Intervenciones de Enfermería (NIC), entre las que se destacan la entrevista personalizada, la asesoría a la paciente y a la familia, el examen físico general, la monitorización de signos vitales, la monitorización neurológica, la monitorización de reflejos rotulianos, la evaluación del dolor, el control de líquidos, la vigilancia del edema, la administración de medicamentos, la oxigenoterapia, la asesoría sobre la dieta prescrita.
Métodos de enseñanza innovadores en educación básica
Authors:   Investigador Independiente, Montero Bazantes Carlos Armando
Published: April 2024

El presente artículo explora la implementación de métodos pedagógicos innovadores en el contexto de la educación básica. La investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar la efectividad, ventajas, desafíos y percepciones asociadas a estos enfoques, desde una perspectiva mixta cuanti-cualitativa. La muestra estuvo conformada por educadores de primaria y secundaria de instituciones públicas y privadas. Los resultados revelan una percepción mayormente positiva sobre el potencial de las metodologías innovadoras para mejorar la experiencia de aprendizaje. Sin embargo, persisten barreras significativas para su adopción efectiva, especialmente a nivel institucional. La adaptabilidad pedagógica y el desarrollo profesional docente emergen como factores clave. Se concluye que impulsar ambientes propicios, fomentar la flexibilidad contextual y reforzar las capacidades de los educadores, son condiciones necesarias para materializar los beneficios de la innovación educativa en el ámbito de la educación básica.
Improving the Taste of Robusta Coffee by Fermentation with Yeast Inoculum and Its Effect on Caffeine Content
Authors: Nadya Hani Fildzah , Ahmad Usman , Samsudin Samsudin
Published: April 2024

Harvesting coffee process by farmers generally executed entirety, resulting rainbow harvest. Coffee fermentation with yeast starter cultures Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y612, Candida parapsilosis Y207 and Torulospora delbrueckii Y594 was executed separately to determine the role of starter cultures on caffeine and robusta coffee taste at different maturity levels. The study was conducted at the Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute in Sukabumi,, from June to November 2022. The experiment used a factorial complete randomized design. The first factor was the maturity level of the coffee and starter culture as the second factor. Fermentation was implemented for 48 hours inoculated with 108 cells/mL starter culture. The results showed that the temperature fluctuated, the pH value always decreased to 4.50 and T. delbrueckii was the starter culture with the highest activity during fermentation. Inoculum-fermented robusta coffee caffeine content was higher than non-inoculum. The lowest caffeine content was found in spontaneously fermented red fruit of 1.39%, while the highest caffeine content was produced by red fruit samples inoculated with C. parapsilosis of 2.7%. Robusta coffee with S. cerevisiae inoculation brought the best taste of robusta coffee with 82.10%, there was no significant difference between the red harvest coffee fruit and the fermented rainbow color with a starter culture. Keywords: Caffeine, Harvest, Inoculation, Maturity level, Starter cultures
Physical and Mechanical Characteristics of Natural Adhesives in the Preparation of Composite Boards from Coconut Fiber as an Effort to Address Environmental Issues
Authors: Gahung Mikhael Farly , Tooy Dedie , Longdong Ireine Adriana
Published: April 2024

This research aimed to develop coconut fiber boards using a mixture of cassava starch adhesive with a focus on examining the physical characteristics (density, moisture content, and thickness development) and mechanical properties (modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture) of the composite boards made from coconut fiber using cassava starch adhesive with the addition of 25% citric acid. Additionally, the research evaluated the physical and mechanical characteristics of the fiberboards, following the guidelines of SNI 01-4449-2006 using an experimental method. The results showed that the fiberboards produced from coconut fiber and modified cassava starch adhesive (25% citric acid) exhibited specific physical characteristics. The density, moisture content, and thickness development ranged from 0.46 to 0.57 g/cm³, 13.18% to 14.39%, and 8.39% to 10.60% after two hours of soaking as well as 19.05% to 32.06% after 24 hours. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of the boards indicated a modulus of elasticity (MOE) and a modulus of rupture (MOR) ranging from 19247.33 to 42740.38 kg/cm² and 116.36 to 178.07 kg/cm², respectively. These findings are expected to provide valuable information for further research to obtain environmentally friendly adhesive materials. Keywords: Agriculture, Coconut fiberboard, Environmental friendly, Natural adhesive, Wood.
Effect of Preprocessing and Augmentation Process in Development of a Deep Learning Model for Fusarium Detection in Shallots
Authors: Purwansya Yuvicko Gerhaen , Solahudin Mohamad , Supriyanto Supriyanto
Published: April 2024

As the demand for shallot increases, wide-scale cultivation area must be managed efficiently. However, shallot productivity decreases every year because of plant diseases. Fusarium disease has an intensity up to 60% and can affect yield losses up to 50%. This study was conducted to develop the fusarium disease detection system for shallot using deep learning model and analyze the effect of preprocessing and augmentation adjustment. This study used YOLOv5 deep learning algorithm consisting of the following stages: (1) dataset acquisition, (2) dataset annotation, (3) dataset preprocessing and augmentation, (4) dataset training and validation, and (5) model testing and evaluation. A total 9,664 annotated dataset was trained to YOLOv5m pre-trained weights. Based on testing and evaluation results, precision, recall, and mean average precision (mAP) metrics of the model without preprocessing and augmentation were 55.5%; 54%; and 48.3% respectively. Metric values of the model were increased to 57.6%; 58.4%; and 54.1% respectively with adjustment of preprocessing and augmentation combination process. Percentage increase in metrics when compared to the control model for each value of precision, recall, and mAP were 2.1%; 4.4%; and 5.8%. This shows a significant impact on the addition of preprocessing and augmentation processes that match the characteristics of the dataset to increase the value of model performance. Keywords: Augmentation, Deep learning, Fusarium, Shallot.
Aspect of Movement in Art Performance of Tupai Janjang as A Cultural Heritage of The People of Palembayan
Authors: Gusnia  , Indrayuda
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study was to explain and describe the Existence of Motion in the Squirrel Janjang Art Performance as a Cultural Heritage of the Palebayan Community This research uses a qualitative research type with a descriptive method. This summary provides a brief overview of the research methods, research objects, instruments, data types, data collection techniques, and data analysis techniques used in research on Janjang Tupai Art as a Cultural Heritage of the Palebayan Market Community which needs to be revitalized. From the story of Tupai Janjang, Tuak Ampek worked on it to become an art called Janjang Squirrel Art. Tupai Janjang art is a form of storytelling tradition in which a storyteller plays all the characters in the story while moving and singing. This performance is unique from Minangkabau traditional art, because there is no other form of performance where only one storyteller plays all the characters. Tuak Ampek took this story as a script, then turned it into an art called the Janjang Squirrel Art. In the Tupai Janjang art, one person plays all the characters in the story while moving and singing, whereas in randai, each character is played by a different actor. d. However, in its current form, two or three actors can take turns bringing this feeling to life with movement and singing that fits the story. The movement in the Tupai Janjang Art performance is based on the traditional movement of silat flowers called balabek. The revitalization efforts carried out by Osra Hayadi include data collection and the involvement of new generations in this art. The Existence of Motion in Tupai Janjang Art In performing the Tupai Janjang Art, there are many uses of traditional movements. In Seni Tupai Janjang, the actor will move according to the content of the story he is singing. In the Tupai Janjang Art performance, only accompanied by saluang, then the actors will sing while moving.
museos en Latinoamérica y el Caribe: un panorama de su permeabilidad a las tendencias globales
Authors: Cantar Nahir Meline , Endere María Luz , Levrand Norma Elizabeth
Published: April 2024

Organizaciones internacionales especializadas debaten permanente sobre la museología. Estas instituciones suelen elaborar recomendaciones que, a pesar de no ser vinculantes, se consideran  normas de soft law, ya que influyen en el derecho interno de los países. No obstante, la influencia del soft law dependerá de cuán permeables sean los sistemas jurídico-administrativos. Por ello, en el presente trabajo se propone analizar la permeabilidad de los países de Latinoamérica y el Caribe a las tendencias globales en torno a los museos a partir de la evaluación de cuatro variables que reconstruyen el grado de implementación de las recomendaciones emanadas de organismos internacionales especializados. Se adopta una metodología de semaforización con una escala de valoración de tres niveles que describe el estado de situación de cada país. Los resultados muestran que los países de la región presentan situaciones muy dispares respecto a la situación de sus museos en el sistema nacional.
An Adaptive Energy Management Approach for Battery-Supercapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage System
Authors: YÜKSEK Gökhan , ALKAYA Alkan
Published: April 2024

Energy storage systems (ESS) are indispensable in daily life and have two types that can offer high energy and high power density. Hybrid energy storage systems (HESS) are obtained by combining two or more energy storage units to benefit both types. Energy management systems (EMS) are essential in ensuring HESS's reliability, high performance, and efficiency. One of the most critical parameters for EMS is the battery state of health (SoH). Continuous monitoring of the SoH provides essential information regarding the system's status, detects unusual performance degradations and enables planned maintenance, prevents system failures, helps keep efficiency at a consistently high level, and helps ensure energy security by reducing downtime. The SoH parameter depends on parameters such as Depth of Discharge (DoD), charge and discharge rate (C-Rate), and temperature. Optimal values of these parameters directly affect the lifetime and operating performance of the battery. The proposed Adaptive Energy Management System (AEMS) uses the SoH parameter of the battery as the control input. It provides optimal control by dynamically updating the C-Rate and DoD parameters. In addition, the supercapacitor integrated into the system with filter-based power separation prevents deep discharge of the batteries. Under the proposed AEMS control, HESS has been observed to generate 6.31% more energy than a system relying solely on batteries. This beneficial relationship between supercapacitors and batteries efficiently managed by AEMS opens new possibilities for advanced energy management in applications ranging from electric vehicles to renewable energy storage systems.
Review of Cruz-Torres, María L. 2023. Pink gold: Women, shrimp, and work in Mexico
Authors: Mitchel Andrew
Published: April 2024

 
Concordance between dual indirect methods for assessing fat percentage
Authors: B. Hurtado , E. Colina , C. H. Gonzalez-Correa
Published: April 2024

In the last decades there is a growing interest in the evaluation of human body composition for being an important part of the integral assessment of individuals. Its use has been extended to different disciplines associated with health care (medicine, nutrition, physiotherapy), and to sports and population fields. Specifically, fat percentage can be related to innumerable diseases. However, there are discrepancies in the results of fat percentage measurement measured by different methods.

Objective

To evaluate the concordance between two low-cost and easily accessible double indirect methods, which have been used indistinctly in different studies where access to more accurate methods is not available, and to determine fat percentage and its relationship with age, sex, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, level of physical activity and sedentary hours.

Materials and Method

Twenty-four persons between 18 and 38 years and 28 between 39 and 59 years from a university community were evaluated. Calculations were made: BMI, fat % was estimated by anthropometry with a digital adipometer (Skyndex System I USA) and by Electrical Bioimpedance Analysis – BIA (Biody Expert ZM II FRA), physical activity level and sedentary hours were determined with the short IPAQ questionnaire. Pearson's correlation coefficient, Bland & Altman's graphical method and Lin's concordance correlation index were calculated. The significance level p<0.05 was estimated.

Results

The fat percentage by anthropometry was: 30.5% ±8.5 (18–38 years) 35.0% ±6.7 (39–59 years); by BIA 27.0% ±7.3 (18–38 years) and 29.2% ±7.0 (39–59 years). Both techniques showed good correlation, but low degree of concordance (Lin index less than 0.9) except for the group of young persons with moderate level of physical activity (0.95).

Conclusions

The doubly indirect methods used in the study showed strong correlation, but low concordance, so their use is not recommended indistinctly for the follow-up of a particular case. According to the study data for this specific population in young people with moderate physical activity, follow-up could be performed with either of the two methods.