bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KEBERADAAN KAWASAN STADION KANJURUHAN SEBAGAI RUANG PUBLIK DENGAN FUNGSI RESTORATIF
Authors: Oktania Salsabila Agfa , Setyono Deni Agus , Rukmi Wara Indira
Published: July 2024

Kecamatan Kepanjen sebagai pusat pemerintahan skala kabupaten dengan berbagai kegiatan penunjang di dalamnya yang mampu menimbulkan pergerakan lokal maupun pergerakan dari wilayah sekitar, dengan tingginya aktivitas serta mobilitas tersebut dapat meningkatkan intensitas masyarakat untuk mengalami kepenatan yang mampu membangkitkan perasaan stres. Keberadaan Kawasan Stadion Kanjuruhan sebagai ruang publik yang mampu diakses dengan mudah oleh publik dapat menjadi salah satu sarana restoratif atau bagi para pengunjung dengan tujuan untuk melepaskan kejenuhan dari aktivitas keseharian yang dilakukan. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, keberadaan ruang publik dapat berdampak positif khususnya untuk mengurangi tingkat stres pengunjung. Untuk itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik dan nilai restoratif yang dimiliki oleh Kawasan Stadion Kanjuruhan. Pada penelitian ini, nilai restoratif tersebut dapat diketahui melalui perhitungan mean yang dilakukan pada tiap indikator untuk mengklasifikasikan nilai yang dimiliki. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan, Kawasan Stadion Kanjuruhan memiliki nilai restoratif yang termasuk dalam kategori “tinggi”, sehingga Kawasan Stadion Kanjuruhan merupakan sarana bagi pengunjung untuk melepaskan kejenuhan (stress release), pengunjung dapat merasakan dampak positif terhadap kesehatan mental mereka setelah berkunjung pada kawasan ini.
Reference Hallucination Score for Medical Artificial Intelligence Chatbots: Development and Usability Study
Authors: Aljamaan Fadi , Temsah Mohamad-Hani , Altamimi Ibraheem , Al-Eyadhy Ayman , Jamal Amr , Alhasan Khalid , Mesallam Tamer A , Farahat Mohamed , Malki Khalid H
Published: July 2024

Background

Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots have recently gained use in medical practice by health care practitioners. Interestingly, the output of these AI chatbots was found to have varying degrees of hallucination in content and references. Such hallucinations generate doubts about their output and their implementation.

Objective

The aim of our study was to propose a reference hallucination score (RHS) to evaluate the authenticity of AI chatbots’ citations.

Methods

Six AI chatbots were challenged with the same 10 medical prompts, requesting 10 references per prompt. The RHS is composed of 6 bibliographic items and the reference’s relevance to prompts’ keywords. RHS was calculated for each reference, prompt, and type of prompt (basic vs complex). The average RHS was calculated for each AI chatbot and compared across the different types of prompts and AI chatbots.

Results

Bard failed to generate any references. ChatGPT 3.5 and Bing generated the highest RHS (score=11), while Elicit and SciSpace generated the lowest RHS (score=1), and Perplexity generated a middle RHS (score=7). The highest degree of hallucination was observed for reference relevancy to the prompt keywords (308/500, 61.6%), while the lowest was for reference titles (169/500, 33.8%). ChatGPT and Bing had comparable RHS (β coefficient=–0.069; P=.32), while Perplexity had significantly lower RHS than ChatGPT (β coefficient=–0.345; P<.001). AI chatbots generally had significantly higher RHS when prompted with scenarios or complex format prompts (β coefficient=0.486; P<.001).

Conclusions

The variation in RHS underscores the necessity for a robust reference evaluation tool to improve the authenticity of AI chatbots. Further, the variations highlight the importance of verifying their output and citations. Elicit and SciSpace had negligible hallucination, while ChatGPT and Bing had critical hallucination levels. The proposed AI chatbots’ RHS could contribute to ongoing efforts to enhance AI’s general reliability in medical research.
The Application of Artificial Intelligence to Ecological Momentary Assessment Data in Suicide Research: A Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Melia Ruth , Musacchio Schafer Katherine , Rogers Megan L , Wilson-Lemoine Emma , Joiner Thomas Ellis
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) can capture highly dynamic processes and intense variability patterns suitable to the study of suicidal ideation and behaviors. Artificial Intelligence (AI), and in particular Machine Learning (ML) strategies, have increasingly been applied to EMA data in suicide research.

OBJECTIVE

The review aims to (1) synthesize empirical research applying AI strategies to EMA data in the study of suicidal ideation and behaviors, (2) identify methodologies used, data collection procedures employed, suicide outcomes studied, AI applied, results reported, and (3) develop a standardized reporting framework for researchers applying AI to EMA data in future.

METHODS

PsycINFO, PubMed, SCOPUS and EMBASE were searched for articles published until June 2024. Studies that applied AI to EMA data in the investigation of suicide outcomes (suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, suicide death), collected across devices (Smartphone, Personal Digital Assistant, PC, tablet) and settings (clinical, community), were included. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used to identify relevant studies while minimizing bias. Specific EMA data reported included EMA sampling method, monitoring period, prompt latency, compliance, attrition, and treatment of missing data. Quality appraisal was performed using an adapted checklist for reporting EMA studies (CREMAS).

RESULTS

1,201 records were identified across databases. After full text review, 12 articles, comprising 4398 participants were included. Studies were conducted in psychiatric hospitals (n = 5), emergency departments (n = 2), outpatient clinics (n = 2), medical residency programs (n = 1), and university mental health clinics (n = 1), with some conducted across settings. Design features reported (sampling strategy, prompting frequency, response latency, device used, compliance, and treatment of missing data) varied across studies. In the application of AI to EMA data to predict suicidal ideation, studies reported mean AUCs (0.74 to 0.86), sensitivity (0.64 to 0.81), specificity (0.73 to 0.86), and positive predictive values (0.72 to 0.77).

CONCLUSIONS

The application of AI to EMA data within suicide research is a small but burgeoning area with high heterogeneity apparent in data collection and reporting standards. Findings indicate some promise in the application of ML to self-report EMA data in the prediction of near-term suicidal ideation. The development by the research team of a reporting framework aims to standardize reporting on the application of AI to EMA data in mental health research going forward.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO: CRD42023440218
Open Science Framework: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/NZWUJ
Survival After Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer: Development of a Fair Machine Learning Model (Preprint)
Authors: Carbunaru Samuel , Neshatvar Yassamin , Do Hyungrok , Murray Katie , Ranganath Rajesh , Nayan Madhur
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Prediction models based on machine learning (ML) methods are being increasingly developed and adopted in health care. However, these models may be prone to bias and considered unfair if they demonstrate variable performance in population subgroups. An unfair model is of particular concern in bladder cancer, where disparities have been identified in sex and racial subgroups.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims (1) to develop a ML model to predict survival after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer and evaluate for potential model bias in sex and racial subgroups; and (2) to compare algorithm unfairness mitigation techniques to improve model fairness.

METHODS

We trained and compared various ML classification algorithms to predict 5-year survival after radical cystectomy using the National Cancer Database. The primary model performance metric was the F1-score. The primary metric for model fairness was the equalized odds ratio (eOR). We compared 3 algorithm unfairness mitigation techniques to improve eOR.

RESULTS

We identified 16,481 patients; 23.1% (n=3800) were female, and 91.5% (n=15,080) were “White,” 5% (n=832) were “Black,” 2.3% (n=373) were “Hispanic,” and 1.2% (n=196) were “Asian.” The 5-year mortality rate was 75% (n=12,290). The best naive model was extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), which had an F1-score of 0.860 and eOR of 0.619. All unfairness mitigation techniques increased the eOR, with correlation remover showing the highest increase and resulting in a final eOR of 0.750. This mitigated model had F1-scores of 0.86, 0.904, and 0.824 in the full, Black male, and Asian female test sets, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

The ML model predicting survival after radical cystectomy exhibited bias across sex and racial subgroups. By using algorithm unfairness mitigation techniques, we improved algorithmic fairness as measured by the eOR. Our study highlights the role of not only evaluating for model bias but also actively mitigating such disparities to ensure equitable health care delivery. We also deployed the first web-based fair ML model for predicting survival after radical cystectomy.
Electronic implementation of patient-reported outcome measures in primary health care - a mixed method systematic review. (Preprint)
Authors: Sasseville Maxime , Supper Wilfried , Gartner Jean-Baptiste , Layani Géraldine , Amil Samira , Sheffield Peter , Gagnon Marie-Pierre , Hudon Catherine , Lambert Sylvie , Attisso Eugène , Ouellet Steven , Breton Mylaine , Poitras Marie-Eve , Roux-Lévy Pierre-Henri , Plaisimond James , Bergeron Frédéric , Ashcroft Rachelle , Wong Sabrina , Groulx Antoine , Paquette Jean-Sébastien , D'Anjou Natasha , Langlois Sylviane , LeBlanc Annie
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Managing chronic diseases remains a significant challenge in OECD countries. Digital tools, especially electronic PROMs (ePROMs), have shown potential in improving data collection and healthcare delivery but their implementation in primary health care is still scarce.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to describe the implementation and effectiveness of ePROMs in chronic disease management in primary health care settings and to identify associated barriers and facilitators.

METHODS

We conducted a mixed-method systematic review following Cochrane Methods and PRISMA guidelines, including studies that implemented ePROMs among adults to manage chronic diseases. We extracted outcomes related to patient health, provider workflow, costs, and implementation factors. We used the RE-AIM Framework to assess the reach, efficacy, adoption, implementation, and maintenance of ePROMs.

RESULTS

Our search yielded 12,168 references, from which 22 studies were included after screening and exclusions. These studies, conducted mainly in the United States and Canada, covered various chronic diseases and utilized diverse ePROMs tools, primarily mobile applications. While some studies reported improvements in patient health outcomes and self-management, others indicated no significant change. Barriers included digital literacy and integration into existing workflows, whereas facilitators involved personalized approaches and existing patient-provider relationships.

CONCLUSIONS

Success in implementing ePROMs in primary health care appears to hinge on addressing digital literacy, ensuring personalization and meaningful patient-provider interactions, carefully integrating technology into clinical workflows, and conducting thorough research on their long-term impacts and cost effectiveness. Future efforts should focus on these areas to fully realize the benefits of digital health technologies for patients, providers, and healthcare systems.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO Systematic Review Registry (ID: CRD42022333513).

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/48155
Cost-effectiveness analysis of an artificial intelligence-based eHealth system to predict and reduce emergency department visits and unscheduled hospitalizations of older people living at home: a retrospective study. (Preprint)
Authors: Havreng-Théry Charlotte , Fouchard Arnaud , Denis Fabrice , Veyron Jacques-Henri , Belmin Joël
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Dependent older people or those losing their autonomy are risk of emergency hospitalization. digital systems that monitor health remotely could be useful in reducing these visits by detecting worsening health conditions earlier. However, few studies have assessed the medico-economic impact of these systems, particularly for older people.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to analyze the clinical and economic impacts of an eHealth device in real life compared to the usual monitoring of older people living at home.

METHODS

This study is a single-center, retrospective and controlled trial on data collected between May 31, 2021 and May 31, 2022 in one health care and home nursing center located in Brittany, France. Participants had to be older than 75 years, living at home, and receiving assistance from the home care service for at least 1 month.
We implemented an eHealth system that produces an alert for a high risk of emergency department visits or hospitalization. After each home visit, the Home aides completed a questionnaire on participants’ functional status, using a smartphone app, and the information was processed in real time by a previously developed machine learning algorithm that identifies patients at risk of an emergency visit within 7 to14 days. In case of risk, the eHealth system alerted a coordinating nurse who could then inform the family carer and the patient’s nurses or general practitioner.

RESULTS

The use of the Presage Care device reduced the number emergency hospitalization by nearly 32 % compared to the control arm. In total, the use of the Presage Care system reduced hospital costs by 45.72%. This result is a minority result in view of all the additional costs: in home care, in post-hospitalizations consultations and in the major risk of re-hospitalization.
In the intervention arm, among the 726 visits not followed by an alert, only 4(0.56%) hospitalizations followed the visit (P<.001), which confirm the relevance of the alerts issued by the system

CONCLUSIONS

This study shows encouraging results on the impact of a remote medical monitoring system for the older adults, both in terms of reducing the number of emergency department visits and the cost of hospitalization.

CLINICALTRIAL

NCT05221697
Blood Bonds: Transforming Blood Donation Through Innovation, Inclusion, and Engagement (Preprint)
Authors: Sagar Ankita
Published: July 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

The journey of receiving blood as a patient with transfusion-dependent beta thalassemia has profoundly shaped my understanding of the life-saving power of blood donation. This personal experience underscores the critical importance of blood donors, not just for individual recipients but for the broader community, enhancing public health, productivity, and well-being. There are several challenges to securing a blood donor pool in current health care climate. Solutions that focus on the engagement of donors, clinicians, and patients are key to improving the donor pool and utilizing the blood supply in a judicious manner.
Protocol for the correlation between severity of Prakriti and structural alterations in the lungs of SARS-COV-2 patients (Preprint)
Authors: Gudadhe Dr. Rugaved , Sawarkar 2nd Dr. Gaurav , Deshpande 3rd Dr.Amol
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Introduction: SARS CoV-2, a novel coronavirus, initially appeared in the Wuhan, China, in the end of 2019 and had infected above 31 million people worldwide. Infection can range from asymptomatic to multi-organ failure requiring prompt treatment. 80% of SARS-CoV-2 patients experienced mild to moderate illness, while 5% developed serious illness. Physicians can evaluate a patient's digestive system (Koshtha), digestive capacity (Agni), strength (Bala), and longevity (Ayu) using the bodily Constitution (Deha Prakriti). It also helps doctors estimate a patient's illness risk, severity, disease activity scores, and hematological, pathological, and biochemical changes. The study investigated the association between bodily composition (Deha Prakriti) and severity, as shown by structural lung abnormalities in SARS-CoV-2 patients.

OBJECTIVE

This research aims to investigate structural changes in the lungs of SARS-CoV-2 patients, assess their body constitution (Prakriti), and correlate structural changes in the lungs of SARS-CoV-2 patients with their body constitution (Prakriti).

METHODS

Materials and Methods: Historical Ayurved writings such as the Charak Samhita, Sushrut Samhita, Ashtanga Hridaya, and others were studied to gain a better understanding of the concept of body constitution (Deha Prakriti) and its impact on disease. To better understand COVID-19 and support the ideas in the book, all published data in the form of publications and dissertations was meticulously examined. Additionally, data was collected and presented methodically.

RESULTS

will be recorded based on observations of subjective and objective parameters.

CONCLUSIONS

The study's conclusion will be drawn using statistical information derived from the collected data.
Выставка "Связь" набирает обороты. Окончание
Authors: Попов С.А.
Published: July 2024

В конце апреля в столичном ЦВК "Экспоцентр" в очередной раз состоя­лась Российская неделя высоких технологий (РНВТ), крупнейший в отрасли инфокоммуникаций конгрессно-выставочный проект, объединивший наряду с якорным мероприятием – 36-й Международной выставкой "Информационные и коммуникационные технологии" ("Связь-2024") – целый ряд форумов, конференций и семинаров в сфере телекоммуникаций, ИТ, навигации и телематики. Проект РНВТ включен в инициативу "Проектирование будущего" Десятилетия науки и технологий, объявленного в 2022 году Президентом Владимиром Путиным.
Разработка системы формирования правил корреляции SIEM-систем
Authors: Ларионова Е.И. , Студянникова М.А.
Published: July 2024

Проведен анализ современных системы мониторинга информационной безопасности и выбрана SIEM-система MaxPatrol. Описаны принципы обработки событий в системе, описан алгоритм построения правил корреляции. Разработана архитектура, интерфейс и модули системы.
Upskilling Human Resources for Balanced Economic Growth: A Study in the Light of Environmental Competence
Authors: Derashri Isha
Published: July 2024

Abstract: This research investigates the intricate relationship between upskilling human resources, environmental competence, and balanced economic growth. Using a cross-sectional and descriptive research approach, the study captures the perspectives of 210 participants across diverse demographics and occupational backgrounds. A stratified sampling approach is used to ensure representation across various subgroups. Data is collected through a Likert-scale-based online survey, allowing for widespread distribution and participant anonymity. The reliability analysis, indicated by a Cronbach's alpha of .973, validates the robustness and internal consistency of the survey instrument, providing a reliable foundation for further analyses. Likewise, descriptive statistics reveal positive trends in respondents' perceptions, with mean scores indicating moderate to high levels of agreement regarding the presence of environmental competence, the effectiveness of upskilling programmes, and the prioritization of environmental competence in human resource development strategies. Further, correlation, regression, and other analytical methods are used to explore relationships between variables, providing a thorough understanding of the impact of human resource upskilling on economic growth and the role of environmental competence in human resource development. Ultimately, this study contributes valuable insights for organizations, policymakers, and HR practitioners seeking to enhance workforce skills in the context of environmental competence.
A Systematic Review on Post Covid-19 Complications and Risk Factors
Authors: Morampudi Anand Kishore
Published: July 2024

Abstract: That should be because the COVID-19 pandemic has been very crucial to society, global health, and the lives of all human beings, underscoring the feature of a viral germ leading to infirmities of a serious nature that still affect several sick people even beyond the acute phase of infection. This review is intended to be a lighthouse regarding the risk factors and possibly associated outcomes of several post-COVID-19 issues affecting recovered patients. Respiratory system— Persistent cough, chronic respiratory insufficiency, and pulmonary fibrosis are examples of post-COVID-19 consequences that can impair long-term respiratory function. The current research also identifies a significant association between COVID-19 and deleterious cardiovascular effects, including myocarditis, heart failure, and thromboembolic events that are also studied as part of the cardiovascular consequences. The neurological manifestations of encephalopathy, stroke, persistent cognitive impairment, and mental health concerns deserve broad consideration. The more long-term effects on brain function going forward are pointed out. For the assessment of the immediate and long-term impacts of COVID-19, research into its after-effects becomes almost imperative. It aims to identify and assess the diverse health issues that people can encounter even when they have apparently recovered from acute illness. Research into these problems can help healthcare. Research into the after-effects of COVID-19 is also critical to public health planning and resource allocation. Other than an estimation of the potential cost of treatment and care for people suffering from sequelae, this research helps project health needs for affected persons and communities. In other words, research into COVID-19-related issues is the way to conduct public health initiatives, treat patients more comprehensively, and advance science to mitigate and prevent the long-lasting consequences of such a global health crisis
Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Keselamatan Kerja di Atas Kapal Penangkap Ikan di Desa Nyamplungsari, Kecamatan Petarukan, Kabupaten Pemalang
Authors: Priyadi Hermawan Gatot , Amalia Ayu Rizki , Karyoto Karyoto , Irawan Andi , Misuari Muhammad Nur , Hermawan Fajar , Wijaya Achmad Indar
Published: July 2024

Kurangnya nelayan dalam memperhatikan keselamatan saat bekerja di kapal yang mengakibatkan seringnya terjadi kecelakaan kerja. Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan nelayan tentang keselamatan kerja di kapal penangkap ikan agar dapat meminimalisir terjadinya kecelakaan kerja. Kegiatan ini diikuti 15 orang nelayan Desa Nyamplungsari, Kecamatan Petarukan, Kabupaten Pemalang. Metode yang digunakan terdiri dari 3 tahap yaitu persiapan, pelaksanaan dan monitoring evaluasi. Penyampaian materi dilakukan dengan teori dan praktik. Kesimpulan kegiatan ini adalah (1) peserta mengikuti kegiatan dengan antusias dan proaktif, (2) peserta mengalami peningkatan pengetahuan tentang keselamatan kerja di kapal terlihat dari hasil pretest-postest dari rata-rata skor 50 menjadi 87 setelah mengikuti pelatihan, (3) pelatihan memberikan manfaat bagi peserta.
Business cycles in Colombia: stylized facts
Authors: Hidalgo Villota Mario Eduardo
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this article is to examine the economic cycles in Colombia and to empirically corroborate the fulfillment of nine stylized facts documented in the specialized international literature. For this purpose, the retropolated series 1975-2013 and the series 2005:1-2022:4 of the National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE) were analyzed using the Hodrick-Prescott filter. Thus, the occurrence of four economic cycles is recorded between 1975 and 2013 with an average duration of 9.3 years with an expansionary phase of 5.0 years and a contractionary phase of 5.3 years. Similarly, between 2005:1 and 2022:4 there were three cycles with an average duration of 21.7 quarters, with an expansionary phase of 14.7 quarters and a contractionary phase of 7.0 quarters. It should also be said that the cyclical fluctuations of employment and unemployment are closely related to effective demand and domestic demand in accordance with Keynesian theory; for example, the positive correlation between the real GDP cycle and the implicit GDP deflator cycle suggests that the cycles were not due to shifts in the aggregate production function as the dominant theory stresses, but to shifts in the aggregate demand function.
Analysis of the wear of the elements of the slewing support of LIEBHERR self-propelled jib cranes
Authors: Sladkova L.A. ,   Russian University of Transport, Fokin V.V. ,   Russian University of Transport
Published: July 2024

The failure of the slewing support leads to significant economic damage associated with long downtime of equipment due to the impossibility of replacing it with a new one as a result of the imposition of sanctions by unfriendly countries. If earlier, before the introduction of restrictive sanctions (measures), the failure of the was less painful and took from 15 days to one month maximum, now it stretches to 3… 5 months. One of the reasons for the failure of equipment is the wear of the teeth of the wheel and gear of the rotary bearing, which leads to a change in the stress-strain state of the cassettes with rolling elements. There is uneven wear of the wheel in height, with the upper part of the wheel wearing out to a greater extent than the lower part, which leads to slippage between the gear teeth in the upper part to a greater extent than in the lower part. Wear of the teeth of the gear and the turntable leads to uneven and increased wear of the cassettes and cages of the slewing support and, accordingly, to the loss of rolling elements. The established unevenness of wheel wear in its various segments makes it possible to make proposals for improving the wheel design. The studies of the wear of cassettes and rollers made it possible to establish changes in the stress-strain state in the contact zone of the cassette and the roller, which in the future will improve the method of their calculation and make a proposal to improve the connection between the cassette and the roller.
Maredan Natural Clay as Raw Material for Zeolite Synthesis
Authors: Akmaluddin Akmaluddin , Nurmasitoh Nurmasitoh , Muhdarina Muhdarina
Published: July 2024

Abstract: The Maredan Riau clay contains alumina silica components, which can serve as raw material for zeolite synthesis. This research has been conducted on the effects of aging time and crystallization temperature during the zeolite synthesis process, which is the result of converting Maredan clay raw materials. The synthesis of zeolite follows a series of steps, including activation of natural clay using 1M H2SO4 and calcination at 650oC, curing of the post-calcination clay in 5 M NaOH, crystallization at different temperatures (80, 90, and 100ºC) for 8 hours, setting the final pH to up to 8 and drained. The solid obtained in zeolite was characterized to determine the ratio of Si/Al, type of zeolite and crystallinity, functional groups, and zeolite surface morphology. The analysis results with XRF at a crystallization temperature of 100°C showed that the Si/Al zeolite ratio was 1.75 which corresponds to the Si/Al ratio of sodalite-type zeolite. Accordingly, analysis with XRD also supports the formation of sodalite with a crystallinity of 51% and a crystal size of 30.03 nm. The FTIR and SEM characterization respectively showed the presence of D4R or D6R double ring external vibration of the sodalite at wave number 558.42 cm-1 and its morphology was round with petals which is a typical morphology of sodalite. It was concluded that the increase in crystallization temperature caused the crystallinity of the resulting sodalite to increase as well.Abstrak: Lempung Maredan Riau mengandung komponen alumina silika, yang dapat berperan sebagai bahan baku untuk sintesis zeolit. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengamati efek waktu aging dan suhu kristalisasi selama proses sintesis zeolit, yang merupakan hasil konversi bahan baku lempung Maredan. Sintesis zeolit mengikuti serangkaian tahap, di antaranya aktivasi lempung alam menggunakan 1M H2SO4 dan kalsinasi pada suhu 650oC, pemeraman lempung pasca kalsinasi di dalam 5 M NaOH, kristalisasi pada suhu yang berbeda (80, 90 dan 100ºC) selama 8 jam, pengaturan pH akhir hingga mencapai 8 dan dikeringkan. Padatan yang diperoleh berupa zeolit dikarakterisasi untuk menetapkan rasio Si/Al, jenis zeolit dan kristalinitas, gugus fungsi dan morfologi permukaan zeolit. Hasil analisis dengan XRF pada suhu kristalisasi 100oC menunjukkan bahwa rasio Si/Al zeolit adalah 1,75 yang sesuai dengan rasio Si/Al zeolit jenis sodalit. Sejalan dengan itu, analisis dengan XRD juga mendukung terbentuknya sodalit dengan kristalinitas 51% dan ukuran kristal 30,03 nm. Karakterisasi FTIR dan SEM masing-masing menunjukkan adanya vibrasi eksternal cincin ganda D4R atau D6R dari sodalit pada bilangan gelombang 558,42 cm-1 dan morfologinya berbentuk bulat berkelopak yang merupakan morfologi khas dari sodalit. Disimpulkan bahwa peningkatan suhu kristalisasi menyebabkan kristalinitas sodalit yang dihasilkan meningkat.
An Insight of TiO2 and Spent Bleaching Earth (SBE) Effect of Phase Crystalline Structures for PVDF Hollow Fiber Membrane
Authors: Ghani Rhafiq Abdul , Elma Muthia , Rahma Aulia , Wahyu Wahyu
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hollow fiber membranes have excellent mechanical properties and chemical stability. However, their hydrophobicity can lead to fouling and hinder permeability. Modifying this hydrophobicity is challenging due to PVDF's complex polymorphous structures, with the β-phase offering superior fouling resistance. One approach to improve PVDF hollow fiber membranes is the addition of inorganic additive materials to reduce hydrophobicity. The objective of this study is to offer new insights into the preparation of PVDF hollow fiber membranes using wet spinning with various additives, such as TiO2 and SBE. The investigation focused on the functional groups of PVDF in both the α and β phases. The membrane was fabricated using regenerated SBE and TiO2, which were incorporated through dope solution preparation and phase inversion through a wet spinning technique. The study used the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) technique to characterize the PVDF hollow fiber membranes. The study found that the PVDF hollow fiber membranes exhibit differences in α and β phase crystalline structures when combined with various additives. The addition of SBE to PVDF hollow fiber membranes results in a dominant β-phase crystalline structure, as indicated by the relative fraction of 0.70 and the largest peak area of 2.27. This has successfully improved the hydrophilic properties of the PVDF-SBE hollow fiber membrane.Abstrak: Membran hollow fiber polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) memiliki sifat mekanik dan stabilitas kimia yang sangat baik. Namun, sifat hidrofobiknya dapat menyebabkan fouling dan menurunkan permeabilitas membran. Oleh karena itu memodifikasi sifat hidrofobisitas ini cukup menantang karena struktur polimorf PVDF yang kompleks, terutama dengan keberadaan fase β yang memberikan ketahanan terhadap fouling. Salah satu pendekatan yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan membran hollow fiber PVDF adalah dengan penambahan bahan aditif anorganik untuk mengurangi hidrofobisitas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguak wawasan baru dalam pembuatan membran serat berongga PVDF menggunakan wet spinning dengan berbagai aditif, seperti TiO2 dan SBE. Investigasi difokuskan pada gugus fungsional PVDF berupa fase α dan β.  Membran dibuat dengan menggunakan TiO2 dan SBE regenerasi, yang dibuat melalui pembuatan larutan dope dan inversi fasa melalui metode wet spinning. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) untuk mengkarakterisasi membran serat berongga PVDF. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa membran serat berongga PVDF menunjukkan perbedaan struktur kristal fase α dan β ketika dikombinasikan dengan berbagai aditif. Penambahan SBE pada membran serat berongga PVDF menghasilkan struktur kristal fase β yang dominan, seperti yang ditunjukkan oleh fraksi relatif 0,70 dan area puncak terbesar 2,27. Hal ini telah berhasil meningkatkan sifat hidrofilik membran serat berongga PVDF-SBE.
Revolutionizing Asphalt Engineering: Unveiling The Influence of Oil Palm Fiber Reinforcement on The Mechanical Attributes of Asphalt Mixtures
Authors: Syammaun Tamalkhani , Rani Hafnidar A , Koting Suhana
Published: July 2024

Abstract: The increasing demand for environmentally and economically sustainable technologies necessitates innovative approaches in material engineering. This study investigates the repurposing of waste materials by integrating oil palm fiber (OPFib) as reinforcement in porous asphalt mixtures. The primary objective is to examine the effects of adding varying amounts of OPFib (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5%) on the mechanical properties of asphalt, specifically aiming to improve the asphalt's softening point, viscosity, binder drain-down, and air void characteristics. The methodology involves a series of controlled laboratory tests under diverse conditions to measure these properties. The results indicate that adding OPFib enhances the performance of asphalt by raising the softening point and viscosity, decreasing binder drain-down, and achieving optimal air void levels at certain OPFib concentrations. However, higher OPFib content leads to diminished overall performance. These findings provide insights into the use of OPFib in asphalt mixtures, offering a sustainable solution that enhances road durability and performance, while effectively utilizing waste materials.Abstrak: Meningkatnya permintaan akan teknologi yang ramah lingkungan dan berkelanjutan secara ekonomi membutuhkan pendekatan inovatif dalam rekayasa material. Penelitian ini menyelidiki pemanfaatan kembali bahan limbah dengan mengintegrasikan serat kelapa sawit (OPFib) sebagai penguat pada campuran aspal porus. Tujuan utamanya adalah untuk menguji pengaruh penambahan OPFib dalam jumlah yang bervariasi (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, dan 5%) terhadap sifat mekanik aspal, khususnya untuk meningkatkan titik lembek aspal, viskositas, aliran aspal dan karakteristik rongga udara. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah serangkaian pengujian laboratorium sebagai kontrol dalam berbagai kondisi untuk mengukur sifat-sifat tersebut. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa penambahan OPFib meningkatkan kinerja aspal dengan meningkatkan nilai titik lembek dan viskositas, mengurangi binder drain-down, dan mencapai tingkat rongga udara yang optimal pada konsentrasi OPFib tertentu. Namun, kandungan OPFib yang lebih tinggi menyebabkan penurunan kinerja secara keseluruhan. Temuan ini memberikan pemahaman tentang penggunaan OPFib dalam campuran aspal, menawarkan solusi berkelanjutan yang meningkatkan daya tahan dan kinerja jalan, sekaligus secara efektif memanfaatkan bahan limbah.
Measuring Structural Power in Global Value Chains: Evidence from Malaysian Manufacturing
Authors: Zhang Miao , Yang Rui , Rasiah Rajah , Jiang Mingzhang
Published: July 2024

The global value chain (GVC), as the most important feature and driving force of globalisation has profoundly shaped state–market relations, as well as the international political economy. This paper uses Malaysia as a case study to demonstrate a country’s embedding structural power in GVC. Deploying the OECD’s Inter-Country Input-Output Table from 1995 to 2018, two indicators were constructed, namely power of value added (PV) and interaction of value added (IV), to measure Malaysia’s structural power in GVC. The results indicate that Malaysia’s PV in GVCs has declined over the years. A combination of high GVC participation but low GVC position indicates that Malaysia’s export sector remains stuck in low value-added activities despite being highly integrated into global production networks. Also examined is the value-added interaction between Malaysia and major economic powers, such as the US, China and Japan. In so doing, we provide an evolutionary explanation of Malaysia’s location in the international political economic system where economic and political power are increasingly intertwined.
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN STEM (SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND MATHEMATICS) DI KELAS VI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Wike Sintia Ayang , Bayu Kelana Jajang , Ramadhan Firdaus Anugrah
Published: July 2024

Abstrak
Perkembangan zaman menjadi faktor untuk meningkatkan kualitas individu. Pada abad ke-21 ini peserta didik harus memiliki life skill yang berguna bagi kehidupannya, salah satu keterampilan yang harus dimiliki yaitu kemampuan keterampilan berpikir kritis. Keterampilan berpikir kritis dapat dilatihkan pada peserta didik melalui penggunaan model pembelajaran yang tepat, salah satu model pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik yaitu model pembelajaran STEM. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kritis pada pelajaran IPA dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran STEM pada peserta didik kelas VI SD. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan one group pretest-posttest design. Hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukan ada peningkatan nilai posttest dengan selisih rata-rata 33,33, kemudian uji hipotesis memperoleh nilai 0,000 < 0,05 yang artinya terdapat peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kritis secara signifikan dengan penggunaan model pembelajaran STEM hasil tersebut didukung dengan hasil uji N-Gain skor yang memperoleh nilai 55,78 yang termasuk dalam kategori cukup efektif. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kritis pada mata pelajaran IPA dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran STEM di kelas VI Sekolah Dasar.
Kata Kunci: Berpikir kritis, Model Pembelajaran STEM
A Study on the Life of Juvenile Offenders Before and After Crime
Authors: Lee Eun-Young ,   Korean Academy of Integrated Care Management
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to provide information on measures to reduce recidivism by examining the lives of juvenile offenders who had previously committed crimes. In order to achieve this, in-depth interviews were conducted with seven boys who had a history of punishment for recidivism, and a thematic analysis was carried out as a multi-case study.
The analysis resulted in the identification of five themes: ‘ordinary child’, ‘immature boy’, ‘crime trigger’, ‘crime confinement’, and ‘limited future for boys’. Based on the findings of this study, several recommendations were made. Firstly, it was suggested that during the judicial process, experts should work with juvenile offenders to reconstruct their criminal cases in order to find ways to prevent reoffending even when exposed to the same environment, as proposed by the reintegrated numerical theory. Secondly, it was emphasized that customized case management should continue after the legal disposition has been completed, focusing on child welfare rather than the judicial system, in order to effectively prevent juvenile offenders from engaging in further criminal activities. Lastly, it was proposed that addressing the root causes of juvenile crime is essential for promoting social integration.
Entrepreneurial Networking and Performance of Ugandan Manufacturing SMEs: The Mediating Role of Innovation Capabilities
Authors: Bakashaba Rennie , Musiita Benjamin , Nabachwa Sarah
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the potential impact of innovation capacities on the relationship between entrepreneurial networking and the performance of small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises (SMEs) in Mbarara City. The target population of the study was 248 SMEs, according to MoFPED (2022). 205 SMEs were obtained when the sample size was calculated using Krejcie and Morgan's (1970) tables. With 186 respondents and SMEs, the response rate was 91%. Data was collected using a cross-sectional research design. To determine the mediating link, the four stages of Baron and Kenney (1986) was completed and every direct influence of the research variables had to meet a substantial requirement. The prerequisites were met and there was a significant direct association (Beta=0.673; p<.01) between entrepreneurial networking and SMEs' performance. Furthermore, there was a direct substantial association (Beta=0.437; p<.01) between innovation capabilities and the performance of SMEs, and a significant correlation (Beta=0.166; p<.01) was found between entrepreneurial networking and innovation capabilities. The association between entrepreneurial networking and the performance of SMEs decreased from Beta=0.673 to Beta=0.617 when innovation capabilities were taken into account, although the relationship remained statistically significant. This suggests that the relationship between entrepreneurial networking and the performance of SMEs is mediated by innovative capabilities. The model's indirect outcome is given by the percentage of 8.32%, indicating that 91.68% explains the direct effect. The study advises policymakers to encourage SMEs to innovate and promote entrepreneurial networking by organizing workshops/seminars where entrepreneurs can interact with each other and thus boost their innovativeness which will enhance SME performance.
Influence of texture and nanomaterials on the produced natural fiber characteristics
Authors: Asal Mahboubeh , Davodiroknabadi Abolfazl , Mirjalili Mohammad , Nazari Ali
Published: July 2024

This research investigated the type of texture and nano-materials and
evaluated the effect of these two parameters on the final properties of the
fabric. The 100% warp-weft cotton fabric and electrospun cellulosic nano
fabric, which are treated with strontium titanate and zinc titanate, are
produced using is a specific method. Scanning electron microscopy and
elemental mapping proved the existence of nanoparticles and helped to
analyse the morphology of produced samples. The result of bactericidal
property and its durability during washing cycles against Escherichia coli
and Bacillus cereus (two common negativegram-negative/positive bacteria) was
excellent. The strength and abrasion resistance of the treated specimens is
higher than the untreated specimens due to presence of nanoparticles and
their special structural characteristics and the bond formation of these
nanoparticles with fiber. On the other hand, the anti-inflammatory property
of samples enhanced in comparison with raw samples due to the reduction of
the production of inflammatory cytokines by nanomaterials.
Climate variability and sesame production in the rural community of Bérégadougou, Burkina Faso
Authors: Sanogo Salifou , Karambiri Bienvenue , Badini Mahamoudou , Yanogo Isidore Pawendkisgou
Published: July 2024

In Burkina Faso, sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is the second most important
export crop after cotton. In the rural commune of B?r?gadougou, it is the
second most important cash crop after groundnuts. This oilseed is
essentially a rainfed crop and is there-fore largely dependent on rainfall.
The aim of this article is to analyze sesame production in a context of
climatic variability. To achieve this, the research methodology is based on
a global geographical approach that integrates meteorological data
(1991-2021), climatic parameters and fieldwork. The results show a rainfall
pattern with a rainy season (May to October) and a dry season (November to
April). Inter-annual rainfall trends over the analysis period show that
rainfall is always above 500mm, whatever the year. Similarly, whatever the
year, the average temperature is always above 27?C. These variations in
rainfall and temperature have no impact on sesame production. Family farmers
also gave 92% of their produce as evidence of their acceptance of climatic
variability.
Mapping of very shallow geothermal potentials in rural areas of Bavaria
Authors: Bertermann David , Schwarz Hans , Rammler Mario , Jocic Nikola
Published: July 2024

Climate change is a rising issue which strongly influences contemporary
society. Therefore, the utilization of sustainable non-fossil energy sources
is one of the most important goals in order to reduce greenhouse gas
emission. Utilization of geothermal energy for heating and cooling buildings
or residential units is one of the significant steps in providing
sustainable and renewable energy supply. This paper presents very Shallow
Geo-thermal Potentials (vSGP) of German federal state Bavaria, with special
focus on rural are-as. Main goal of the study was to analyze the potentials
for utilization of very shallow geo-thermal systems in terms of thermal
conductivity and heat extraction. High-resolution soil maps containing
information of grain size conditions served as an area-wide data basis for
the research, while the analysis and visualization of the results were
conducted by GIS software. Thermal conductivity as well as system-specific
heat extraction were calculated depending on soil texture and climate
conditions. Thermal conductivity results are intend-ed to be further used as
the basic parameter for planning and installing horizontal geo-thermal
heating and cooling systems.
IMPACTOS AMBIENTAIS NOS AMBIENTES AQUÁTICOS DO RIO SÃO JOÃO
Authors: De Souza Rafaella Cristine de Souza , Noleto Katherine Saldanha , Almeida Regiane da Silva , Amaral Natarsia Camila Luso , Ferreira Suelen Rocha Botão , Ferreira Welberth Santos
Published: July 2024

Neste trabalho, desenvolvemos uma reflexão abrangente sobre os ambientes aquáticos da nossa região, com ênfase especial no rio São João. O rio São João, localizado em São José de Ribamar, enfrenta inúmeros desafios ambientais que ameaçam sua sustentabilidade e qualidade. Entre os principais problemas identificados estão a remoção da vegetação ripária, a presença de espécies exóticas, a escassez de espécies nativas, o processo de eutrofização, baixos níveis de oxigênio, despejo de esgoto doméstico e acúmulo de resíduos sólidos nas margens. Essas questões demandam ações urgentes para preservar e revitalizar o ecossistema fluvial. A abordagem deste estudo visa não apenas identificar os problemas, mas também propor soluções práticas e sustentáveis. Enfatizamos a necessidade de políticas públicas robustas e eficazes que promovam a conservação e recuperação do rio. As políticas públicas desempenham um importante destaque na gestão ambiental proporcionando diretrizes e regulamentações que auxiliam na proteção dos recursos hídricos. Estas políticas devem incluir o monitoramento contínuo da qualidade da água, programas de replantio de vegetação nativa, controle de espécies invasoras, tratamento adequado de esgoto e campanhas educativas para a população local sobre a importância da preservação dos rios. Além disso, destacamos a importância da participação comunitária e da colaboração entre diferentes setores da sociedade, tais como: governos e organizações não governamentais. Neste trabalho abordamos uma reflexão acerca dos ambientes aquáticos da nossa região, em especial, ao rio São João e os cuidados ambientais a serem tomados visando a manutenção deste.