bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unit bar architecture in a highly‐variable fluvial discharge regime: Examples from the Burdekin River, Australia
Authors: Herbert Christopher M. , Alexander Jan , Amos Kathryn J. , Fielding Christopher R.
Published: August 2019

Unit bars are relatively large bedforms that develop in rivers over a wide range of climatic regimes. Unit bars formed within the highly‐variable discharge Burdekin River in Queensland, Australia, were examined over three field campaigns between 2015 and 2017. These bars had complex internal structures, dominated by co‐sets of cross‐stratified and planar‐stratified sets. The cross‐stratified sets tended to down‐climb. The development of complex internal structures was primarily a result of three processes: (i) superimposed bedforms reworking the unit bar avalanche face; (ii) variable discharge triggering reactivation surfaces; and (iii) changes in bar growth direction induced by stage change. Internal structures varied along the length and across the width of unit bars. For the former, down‐climbing cross‐stratified sets tended to pass into single planar cross‐stratified deposits at the downstream end of emergent bars; such variation related to changes in fluvial conditions whilst bars were active. A hierarchy of six categories of fluvial unsteadiness is proposed, with these discussed in relation to their effects on unit bar (and dune) internal structure. Across‐deposit variation was caused by changes in superimposed bedform and bar character along bar crests; such changes related to the three‐dimensionality of the channel and bar geometry when bars were active. Variation in internal structure is likely to be more pronounced in unit bar deposits than in smaller bedform (for example, dune) deposits formed in the same river. This is because smaller bedforms are more easily washed out or modified by changing discharge conditions and their smaller dimensions restrict the variation in flow conditions that occur over their width. In regimes where unit bar deposits are well‐preserved, their architectural variability is a potential aid to their identification. This complex architecture also allows greater resolution in interpreting the conditions before and during bar initiation and development.
Recognition of HLA‐C*03:04:04 in four Taiwanese individuals and one Vietnamese cord blood unit
Authors: Yang Kuo‐Liang , Phu Chidung , Lin Py‐Yu
Published: August 2019

One nucleotide substitution at codon 64 of HLA‐C*03:04:01:01 results in a novel allele, HLA‐C*03:04:04.
The Role of Culture and Evolution for Human Cognition
Authors: Bender Andrea
Published: August 2019

Since the emergence of our species at least, natural selection based on genetic variation has been replaced by culture as the major driving force in human evolution. It has made us what we are today, by ratcheting up cultural innovations, promoting new cognitive skills, rewiring brain networks, and even shifting gene distributions. Adopting an evolutionary perspective can therefore be highly informative for cognitive science in several ways: It encourages us to ask grand questions about the origins and ramifications of our cognitive abilities; it equips us with the means to investigate, explain, and understand key dimensions of cognition; and it allows us to recognize the continued and ubiquitous workings of culture and evolution in everyday instances of cognitive behavior. Taking advantage of this reorientation presupposes a shift in focus, though, from human cognition as a general, homogenous phenomenon to the appreciation of cultural diversity in cognition as an invaluable source of data.
ASP2397 Is a Novel Natural Compound That Exhibits Rapid and Potent Fungicidal Activity against
Aspergillus
Species through a Specific Transporter
Authors: Nakamura Ikuko , Ohsumi Keisuke , Takeda Shinobu , Katsumata Kiyomitsu , Matsumoto Satoru , Akamatsu Souichiro , Mitori Hikaru , Nakai Toru
Published: August 2019

Current therapies against invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) have a limited cure rate. Given that a delay in treatment initiation may be fatal, a new drug with rapid-onset and potent fungicidal activity is needed. The novel cyclic hexapeptide ASP2397 (currently known as VL-2397) exhibited antifungal activity against
Aspergillus fumigatus
(including azole-sensitive and azole-resistant isolates),
A. terreus
, and
A. flavus
at an MIC range of 1 to 4 μg/ml in human serum.
Effects of almond, dried grape and dried cranberry consumption on endurance exercise performance, recovery and psychomotor speed: protocol of a randomised controlled trial
Authors: d'Unienville Noah M A , Hill Alison M , Coates Alison M , Yandell Catherine , Nelson Maximillian J , Buckley Jonathan D
Published: August 2019

Background

Foods rich in nutrients, such as nitrate, nitrite, L-arginine and polyphenols, can promote the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), which may induce ergogenic effects on endurance exercise performance. Thus, consuming foods rich in these components, such as almonds, dried grapes and dried cranberries (AGC), may improve athletic performance. Additionally, the antioxidant properties of these foods may reduce oxidative damage induced by intense exercise, thus improving recovery and reducing fatigue from strenuous physical training. Improvements in NO synthesis may also promote cerebral blood flow, which may improve cognitive function.

Methods and analysis

Ninety-six trained male cyclists or triathletes will be randomised to consume ~2550 kJ of either a mixture of AGC or a comparator snack food (oat bar) for 4 weeks during an overreaching endurance training protocol comprised of a 2-week heavy training phase, followed by a 2-week taper. The primary outcome is endurance exercise performance (5 min time-trial performance) and secondary outcomes include markers of NO synthesis (plasma and urinary nitrites and nitrates), muscle damage (serum creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase), oxidative stress (F2-isoprostanes), endurance exercise function (exercise efficiency, submaximal oxygen consumption and substrate utilisation), markers of internal training load (subjective well-being, rating of perceived exertion, maximal rate of heart rate increase and peak heart rate) and psychomotor speed (choice reaction time).

Conclusion

This study will evaluate whether consuming AGC improves endurance exercise performance, recovery and psychomotor speed across an endurance training programme, and evaluate the mechanisms responsible for any improvement.

Trial registration number

ACTRN12618000360213.
The point of a bullet journal
Authors: Yiannouli Alexia
Published: August 2019

Bullet journaling – described by its creator as ‘mindfulness disguised as productivity’ – has grown in popularity in recent years. For vet student Alexia Yiannouli, it's a way to express creativity and escape from pressure while also getting organised. Here she explains more.
Cosmic acceleration via space-time-matter theory
Authors: Zaregonbadi Raziyeh
Published: August 2019

We consider the space-time-matter theory (STM) in a 5D vacuum spacetime with a generalized FLRW metric to investigate the late-time acceleration of the universe. For this purpose, we derive the 4D induced field equations and obtain the evolution of the state parameter with respect to the redshift. Then, we show that with consideration of the extra dimension scale factor to be a linear function of redshift, this leads to a model which gives an accelerating phase in the universe. Moreover, we derive the geodesic deviation equation in the STM theory to study the relative acceleration of the parallel geodesics of this spacetime, and also, obtain the observer area-distance as a measurable quantity to compare this theory with two other models.
Optimizing Imperfect Coverage Cloud-RAID Systems Considering Reliability and Cost
Authors: Mandava Lavanya , Xing Liudong
Published: August 2019

This paper considers a cloud provider selection problem to optimize the cloud-redundant array of independent disks (RAID) storage system subject to imperfect coverage (IPC), where an uncovered disk fault causes extensive damages to the entire system despite the presence of adequate redundancy. Given available cloud storage disk providers with disks having different costs, failure parameters and coverage factors, the objective of the optimal design is to select the combination of cloud providers minimizing system unreliability or cost. Both unconstrained and constrained optimization problems are considered. The solution methodology encompasses an analytical, combinatorial method for reliability analysis of the considered cloud-RAID storage system with the IPC behavior. Based on practical design parameters, the brute force approach is utilized to obtain the optimal design configuration. Several case studies are provided to illustrate the proposed optimization problems and solution method.
Multi-State Reliability Measures Analysis of Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) System
Authors: Kumar Amit , Saxena Anshumaan , Ram Mangey
Published: August 2019

Effective maintenance and monitoring in high-risk industrial system play a very crucial role. Monitoring of a system involves how the system works and how its sub-units are connected to each other? The interconnection of the units in a system is very important for the performance of the system. In this paper, authors tried to examine the various performance measures of a Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) by taking in consideration its different sub-parts like control roads, turbine, steam generator, pump, uranium fuel, generator, etc., and their interconnection in the NPP, with the aid of Markov process and supplementary variable technique (SVT). This work begins by reviewing previously conducted studies for NPP. Finally, the results are demonstrated by the graphs to understand the effect of various failures on the performance of NPP.
MAKING YOUR KNOWLEDGE MINE: THE INTEGRATION OF EXTERNAL KNOWLEDGE IN CROSS-INDUSTRY INNOVATION
Authors: LYNG HILDA B. , BRUN ERIC CHRISTIAN
Published: August 2019

We explore mechanisms of how knowledge integration is achieved at the individual level in cross-industry innovation projects. Our research is based on theory of cross-industry innovation (CII), absorptive capacity (ACAP), apprenticeship learning and communication as well as case analysis of seven cross-industry projects. To integrate external knowledge, actors in the target sector need to adopt — i.e., take ownership of — external knowledge from the source sector. We present a model by which such knowledge adoption is achieved. Central elements are the phases of knowledge acquisition, assimilation and transformation, a cyclic process of conveyance and convergence, and a bi-directional process of learning. Legitimacy, prior knowledge of CII collaboration and retranslation were found to be facilitators of the process. Our research extends current theory of knowledge integration in CII and provides managerial implications.
Application of Comprehensive Geophysical Prospecting Method in the Exploration of Coal Mined‐Out Areas
Authors: Luo Xiao , Gong Shuang , Huo Zhonggang , Li Hongyan , Ding Xinpin
Published: August 2019

Due to the influence of mining technology, some coal mines will leave mined‐out areas (or goafs) in the rock mass after mining. If the distribution law and influence scope of mined‐out areas cannot be accurately explored and controlled, it will bring great potential safety hazards to subsequent coal mining and cause serious harm to adjacent houses, roads, bridges, railways, and so on. The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) aerial survey is used to accurately acquire the three‐dimensional model of the slope in the key area of Yuanbaoshan open‐pit coal mine, which provides basic information for the real‐time visualization of the open‐pit mine and the establishment of the engineering geological research profile. And the distribution of mined‐out areas and water accumulation in the coal mine are investigated in detail by using the comprehensive geophysical prospecting method of the transient electromagnetic method (TEM) and controlled source audio‐frequency magnetotellurics (CSAMT). Then, the borehole detection method is used to verify the goaf range obtained from comprehensive geophysical prospecting, and the results show good consistency. In addition, based on the results of borehole exploration and the comprehensive analysis of the borehole image, the instantaneous water level elevation in goaf and the development height of the water‐conducting fracture zone and caving zone are concluded. Finally, the distribution of coal mined‐out areas in the exploration area is obtained, and the results show that through the use of the transient electromagnetic method and controlled source audio‐frequency magnetotellurics method, combined with drilling detection methods, the purpose of accurate exploration of mined‐out areas in coal mines can be achieved.
Failure Modes of a Reticulated Dome in a Small Airplane Crash
Authors: Lin L. , Ren Y. X. , Huang M. Y. , Zhi X. D. , Wang D. Z.
Published: August 2019

Since the 9/11 incident, many engineering research works have been conducted on the impact resistance of large‐span space structures. In the present study, a small airplane, Bombardier Challenger 850, was chosen as the test subject. An airplane crash on a single‐layered Kiewitt‐8 reticulated dome with span 60 m considering roof sheathing effect was simulated using ANSYS/LS‐DYNA software. The principles of establishing the numerical model of small airplanes were determined. In addition, the impact styles of small airplane and impact positions on the dome were investigated. The failure modes of reticulated dome with roof sheathing due to small airplane crash were identified. Furthermore, the failure modes between reticulated domes with and without roof sheathing were compared and the effect of roof sheathing on the failure modes of reticulated dome under a small airplane crash was investigated.
Driving Performance Assessment Based on Accurate Position Tracking
Authors: Song Shengli , Jiang Rui , Song Xieda , Cao Yuxuan , Sun Zhidan
Published: August 2019

A driving performance assessment (DPA) system has been proposed in this paper to evaluate drivers’ skills in training. The system is based on centimeter-level localization of the vehicles, thanks to differential BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS). Given a vehicle’s dimensions, its envelopment has been discretized both temporally and spatially as binary images, while the training area is modeled as a grayscale image where the intensity denotes the penalty of the certain area in unit time. The performance index can be obtained from the summation of images along with time. Experiments have been conducted to demonstrate the accuracy of vehicle tracking and the effectiveness of the proposed assessment system.
Immunomodulation of CXCL10 Secretion by Hepatitis C Virus: Could CXCL10 Be a Prognostic Marker of Chronic Hepatitis C?
Authors: Ferrari Silvia Martina , Fallahi Poupak , Ruffilli Ilaria , Elia Giusy , Ragusa Francesca , Paparo Sabrina Rosaria , Patrizio Armando , Mazzi Valeria , Colaci Michele , Giuggioli Dilia , Ferri Clodoveo , Antonelli Alessandro
Published: August 2019

Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL)10 and other CXCR3 chemokines are involved in the pathogenesis of acute and “chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection” (CHC). Here, we review the scientific literature about HCV and CXCL10. The combination of circulating CXCL10 and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IL-28B can identify patients with acute HCV infection most likely to undergo spontaneous HCV clearance and those in need of early antiviral therapy. In CHC, the HCV and intrahepatic interferon- (IFN-) γ drive a raised CXCL10 expression by sinusoidal endothelium and hepatocytes, thereby inducing the recruitment of CXCR3-expressing T cells into the liver; thus, CXCL10 plays an important role in the development of necroinflammation and fibrosis. Increased CXCL10 was significantly associated with the presence of active vasculitis in HCV-associated cryoglobulinemia, or with autoimmune thyroiditis in CHC. Pretreatment CXCL10 levels are predictive of early virological response and sustained virological response (SVR) to IFN-α and ribavirin and may be useful in the evaluation of candidates for therapy. The occurrence of SNPs adjacent to IL-28B (rs12979860, rs12980275, and rs8099917), and CXCL10 below 150 pg/mL, independently predicted the first phase viral decline and rapid virological response, which in turn independently predicted SVR. Directly acting antiviral agents-mediated clearance of HCV is associated with the loss of intrahepatic immune activation by IFN-α, associated by decreased levels of CXCL10. In conclusion, CXCL10 is an important marker of HCV clearance and successful therapy in CHC patients. Whether CXCL10 is a novel therapeutic target in CHC will be evaluated.
ОКУЛЬТНА HCV-ІНФЕКЦІЯ (ОГЛЯД ЛІТЕРАТУРИ)
Authors: Potii V. V. , Kiriienko V. T. , Glukhova O. I. , Gryshchenko S. Y. , Potii D. O.
Published: August 2019

Окультна HCV-інфекція, форма інфекції, яку визначають як наявність РНК HCV у гепатоцитах при відсутності РНК HCV в сироватці або плазмі крові за наявності або відсутності HCV-антитіл при використанні звичайних лабораторних тестів. Виявлення РНК у мононуклеарах периферійної крові й/або тканині печінки на сьогодні вважають золотим стандартом у діагностиці окультної HCV-інфекції. У статті представлено огляд наявних літературних даних, присвячених поширеності, клінічній характеристиці, вивченню факторів ризику розвитку окультної HCV-інфекції у пацієнтів із досвідом лікування, які досягли стійкої вірусологічної відповіді. Представлено дослідження, в яких вивчали зв’язок окультної форми HCV-інфекції із лімфопроліферативними захворюваннями й кріоглобулінемією. Визначено практичні рекомендації щодо виявлення окультної HCV-інфекції як можливої причини прогресування захворювання печінки у певних групах хворих.

Мета дослідження – покращити діагностику криптогенного гепатиту шляхом виключення окультної HCV-інфекції як можливої причини ураження печінки.

Результати численних літературних даних вказують на наявність окультної форми гепатиту С. Окультну форму гепатиту С необхідно виключити як  можливу причину ураження печінки, особливо в осіб із прогресуванням захворювання: в осіб зі спонтанним кліренсом вірусу гепатиту С, у пацієнтів, які одержали противірусну терапію з приводу хронічного гепатиту С й досягли стійкої вірусологічної відповіді, однак мають клінічні й/або лабораторні ознаки прогресування захворювання печінки; у пацієнтів із криптогенним захворюванням печінки після виключення можливих причин як вірусної (HСV, HBV, EBV, CMV тощо), так і невірусної етіологій. Необхідні дослідження для подальшого довгострокового вивчення даної форми захворювання, оскільки ряд авторів заперечують існування окультної формі гепатиту С.
MORPHOLOGICAL RESEARCH OF PLACENTA IN WOMEN WITH PRETERM LABOR
Authors: Sitnikova V. O. , Nadvorna О. M. , Kashiyan О. V.
Published: August 2019

Preterm labor is one of the most current problems of modern medicine. Preterm labor is defined as the birth of a child in the gestation period less than 37 full weeks of gestation and is the second most common cause (after congenital anomalies) of neonatal mortality [3]. The highest percentage of morbidity and mortality occurs in children born to gestational age less than 32 weeks, although the proportion of these newborns is 16 % of all preterm infants [4]. Preterm labor is a polyetiology problem that depends on many factors. One of the major problems is the formation of placental dysfunction, which manifests itself by morphofunctional changes in the placenta associated with violation of uterine-placental circulation.

The aim of the study – to obtain the peculiarities of placentas’ histological condition in women with burdent anamnesis and preterm labor with different Apgar point scale of newborn.

Materials and Methods. A total of 19 placentas of women with preterm labor were observed in Maternal Hospital No. 5 of Odesa, Ukraine. We studed their residence areas, obstetrical and gynacology anamnesis, current pregnancy and labor anamnesis. We exa­mined the ultrasound datas of the newborns, studied their anthropometric, Apgar scale and histology of placentas’ datas. All interviewed women were devided into two groups: less than 35 years old – 12 women of the group 1 and more than 35 years old – 7 women, it was the group 2. The average age of the examined groups was 31.3 years old. Statistical datas processing was carried out by using the Fisher angular transformation. The degree of probability (P) between two comparative values was considered to be statistically valid when P<0.05.

The research results showed that all elder women were married, lived in ecoregions of the city, had more often revolved to artificial reproductive technologies, had singleton gestation compared to younger group of patients. Newborns of women afer 35 had better points of Apgar scale and no one had IUGR compared to newborns of the younger women. Signs of placenta dysfynction were detected in placentas of both groups of women.

Conclusions. In our investigation the women of different age groups with preterm labor had signs of placenta dysfunction but women after 35 years had better datas of newborn babies according to Apgar scale and absence of IUGR. Probably, it is connected with residency, official marriage and better preconceptional preparation in this group.
MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE SMALL INTESTINE OF RATS WITH ACUTE GENERALIZED PERITONITIS
Authors: Dzyubanovsky I. Ya. , Vervega B. M. , Pіdruchna S. R. , Melnyk N. A.
Published: August 2019

The main cause of mortality in acute generalized peritonitis (AGP) is the development of multiple organ insufficiency. The intestine is the organ where the first changes develop in this pathology.
The aim of the study – to research and evaluate the morphological changes in the small intestine wall of animals with experimental AGP.
Materials and Methods. 32 white rats were used in this study. Acute peritonitis was modeled by introduction of 10 % fecal suspension in the dosage of 0.5 ml per 100 g of the animal's weight into the abdominal cavity of rats by puncture. The terms of observation: the 1st, 3rd and the 7th days from the beginning of the peritonitis modeling. For histological study the intestinal tissue was taken. The resulting pieces of the organ were fixed in a 10 % neutral formalin solution, which were then stained with hematoxylin and eosin.
Results and Discussion. On the 3rd day of the experiment in animals with a modeled AGP, vascular changes were manifested first of all by the rounding (retraction) of endothelial cells or their desquamation and the appearance of defects, that allow plasma proteins and the formed elements of blood to leave circulation boundaries of the vascular bed. On the 7 th day in animals with a modeled AGP increased vascular permeability of the mucous membrane of the small intestine was accompanied by a significant edema of the stroma of the villi and by focal hemorrhages.
Conclusion. Consequently, the distinct inflammatory changes in all terms of the injury were seen in the wall of the small intestine at the simulated AGP. The significant expansion of the capillaries and venules against the background of inflammatory infiltration in the stroma of the glandular component of the small intestine was noted on the 1st day from the beginning of the experiment. An increase in the height of intestinal villus and a crypt with retraction and desquamation of endothelial cells in the wall of vessels, which caused platelet adhesion in the areas of destruction was observed on the 3rd day. The areas of focal necrosis of the superficial epithelium, which were accompanied by multiple hemorrhages per diapedesis in the perivascular space of the mucous membrane, were seen in the wall of the small intestine of animals with a simulated AGP on the 7th day.
Structural and Functional MRI Evidence for Distinct Medial Temporal and Prefrontal Roles in Context-dependent Relational Memory
Authors: Schwarb Hillary , Johnson Curtis L. , Dulas Michael R. , McGarry Matthew D. J. , Holtrop Joseph L. , Watson Patrick D. , Wang Jane X. , Voss Joel L. , Sutton Bradley P. , Cohen Neal J.
Published: August 2019

Declarative memory is supported by distributed brain networks in which the medial-temporal lobes (MTLs) and pFC serve as important hubs. Identifying the unique and shared contributions of these regions to successful memory performance is an active area of research, and a growing literature suggests that these structures often work together to support declarative memory. Here, we present data from a context-dependent relational memory task in which participants learned that individuals belonged in a single room in each of two buildings. Room assignment was consistent with an underlying contextual rule structure in which male and female participants were assigned to opposite sides of a building and the side assignment switched between buildings. In two experiments, neural correlates of performance on this task were evaluated using multiple neuroimaging tools: diffusion tensor imaging (Experiment 1), magnetic resonance elastography (Experiment 1), and functional MRI (Experiment 2). Structural and functional data from each individual modality provided complementary and consistent evidence that the hippocampus and the adjacent white matter tract (i.e., fornix) supported relational memory, whereas the ventromedial pFC/OFC (vmPFC/OFC) and the white matter tract connecting vmPFC/OFC to MTL (i.e., uncinate fasciculus) supported memory-guided rule use. Together, these data suggest that MTL and pFC structures differentially contribute to and support contextually guided relational memory.
One Step Back, Two Steps Forward: Interference and Learning in Recurrent Neural Networks
Authors: Beer Chen , Barak Omri
Published: August 2019

Artificial neural networks, trained to perform cognitive tasks, have recently been used as models for neural recordings from animals performing these tasks. While some progress has been made in performing such comparisons, the evolution of network dynamics throughout learning remains unexplored. This is paralleled by an experimental focus on recording from trained animals, with few studies following neural activity throughout training.

In this work, we address this gap in the realm of artificial networks by analyzing networks that are trained to perform memory and pattern generation tasks. The functional aspect of these tasks corresponds to dynamical objects in the fully trained network—a line attractor or a set of limit cycles for the two respective tasks. We use these dynamical objects as anchors to study the effect of learning on their emergence. We find that the sequential nature of learning—one trial at a time—has major consequences for the learning trajectory and its final outcome. Specifically, we show that least mean squares (LMS), a simple gradient descent suggested as a biologically plausible version of the FORCE algorithm, is constantly obstructed by forgetting, which is manifested as the destruction of dynamical objects from previous trials. The degree of interference is determined by the correlation between different trials. We show which specific ingredients of FORCE avoid this phenomenon. Overall, this difference results in convergence that is orders of magnitude slower for LMS.

Learning implies accumulating information across multiple trials to form the overall concept of the task. Our results show that interference between trials can greatly affect learning in a learning-rule-dependent manner. These insights can help design experimental protocols that minimize such interference, and possibly infer underlying learning rules by observing behavior and neural activity throughout learning.
A Real-Time Health 4.0 Framework with Novel Feature Extraction and Classification for Brain-Controlled IoT-Enabled Environments
Authors: Jagadish B. , Mishra P. K. , Kiran M. P. R. S. , Rajalakshmi P.
Published: August 2019

In this letter, we propose two novel methods for four-class motor imagery (MI) classification using electroencephalography (EEG). Also, we developed a real-time health 4.0 (H4.0) architecture for brain-controlled internet of things (IoT) enabled environments (BCE), which uses the classified MI task to assist disabled persons in controlling IoT-enabled environments such as lighting and heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC). The first method for classification involves a simple and low-complex classification framework using a combination of regularized Riemannian mean (RRM) and linear SVM. Although this method performs better compared to state-of-the-art techniques, it still suffers from a nonnegligible misclassification rate. Hence, to overcome this, the second method offers a persistent decision engine (PDE) for the MI classification, which improves classification accuracy (CA) significantly. The proposed methods are validated using an in-house recorded four-class MI data set (data set I, collected over 14 subjects), and a four-class MI data set 2a of BCI competition IV (data set II, collected over 9 subjects). The proposed RRM architecture obtained average CAs of 74.30% and 67.60% when validated using datasets I and II, respectively. When analyzed along with the proposed PDE classification framework, an average CA of 92.25% on 12 subjects of data set I and 82.54% on 7 subjects of data set II is obtained. The results show that the PDE algorithm is more reliable for the classification of four-class MI and is also feasible for BCE applications. The proposed low-complex BCE architecture is implemented in real time using Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ along with the Virgo EEG data acquisition system. The hardware implementation results show that the proposed system architecture is well suited for body-wearable devices in the scenario of Health 4.0. We strongly feel that this study can aid in driving the future scope of BCE research.
In the Shadows of the Middle East’s Wars, Oil, and Peace: the Construction of Female Desires and Lesbianism in Middlebrow Egyptian Literature
Authors: Hammad Hanan
Published: August 2019

This article employs the fictional writings of the Egyptian author Iḥsān ‘Abd al-Quddūs (1919–1990) to analyze the textually tangled anxiety over women’s sexuality and rapid political and socioeconomic changes in postcolonial Egypt and the Arab-East. Arguably one of the most prolific writers in Arabic in the twentieth century, ‘Abd al-Quddūs has achieved wide readership, and producers have adapted his books to popular commercial films and TV shows. Breaking taboos on women’s sexual desires, ‘Abd al-Quddūs’s work has been influential in shaping the popular notion about lesbian love wherein frustration with the postcolonial realities—inscribed by the Arab-Israeli conflict, Oil Boom, and globalization—have become entangled with the fear of women’s mobility and liberation.
Implementation of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta at the Korean Regional Trauma Center
Authors: Park Youngeun , Yu Byungchul , Lee Giljae , Lee Jungnam , Choi Kangkook , Han Ahram
Published: August 2019

Background:

Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta is used as adjunctive management for a profound shock in some trauma centers. We report our early experience of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta to describe the implementation and possible indications of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta.

Objective:

This study was designed to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta based on our experience and share our implementation process by trauma surgeons in Korea.

Methods:

We performed a retrospective review of consecutive cases of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta in profound shock due to noncompressible torso hemorrhage at a single Korean trauma center. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta was introduced and implemented with written protocol and endovascular training courses.

Results:

All cases ( n = 24) were done for blunt mechanisms. Twelve cases (50%) were resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta in zone I, three cases (12.5%) were zone II, and nine cases (45%) in zone III. Mean pre-occlusion systolic blood pressure was 47 mm Hg and mean systolic blood pressure increase was 41.3 mm Hg. Twenty-one patients (87.5%) survived at trauma bay and seven patients (29.2%) survived and discharged without neurologic deficit. There were two complications directly related to the procedure.

Conclusion:

Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta is a useful adjunctive skill for trauma surgeons, and a brief training course can help in the implementation of the procedure.
WAM and WAVEWATCH-III intercomparison studies in the North Indian Ocean using Oceansat-2 Scatterometer winds
Authors: Swain J , Umesh PA , Balchand AN
Published: August 2019

This paper presents the intercomparison of wave hindcasts using the third-generation models WAM and WAVEWATCH-III for the North Indian Ocean over 1° × 1° (latitude × longitude) grid resolutions, which reveals the first assessment of their relative performance through intercomparison of the model results. Hindcast wave parameters such as significant wave height, mean wave period, and swell wave height obtained from the simulations using Oceansat-2 scatterometer winds are analyzed to understand the quality and variability associated with the individual model outputs in the Indian Ocean. WAM and WAVEWATCH-III intercomparison studies are carried out for four different cases (January and June 2010, and January and June 2011). A comparative study of the relative performances of these two models is evaluated through extensive and robust statistical error analysis. Based on both qualitative and quantitative assessment of the model results, this study clearly indicates that both WAM and WAVEWATCH-III performed well in the common model domain using Oceansat-2 scatterometer winds, and they can be confidently used for long-term hindcasting in the North Indian Ocean, which will be very useful for most of the user community dealing with various coastal/offshore activities. The study also suggests that it would be preferable to consider available long-term wave measurements both in deep and coastal waters of the North Indian Ocean to validate and intercompare WAM and WAVEWATCH-III further.
A case for psychosocial interventions to prevent mental illness
Authors: Craig Tom K. J.
Published: August 2019

The development of effective preventions for psychosis is hindered by conceptual challenges underlying diagnosis and the fact that few of the many biological risk factors identified to date are sufficiently well understood to form the basis of a targeted intervention. On the other hand, a great deal is known of the psychosocial conditions that increase the lifetime risk of most mental illnesses: surely enough to justify better resourcing of interventions focused on antenatal care and the emotional well-being of children from the early years through adolescence, where as much as a half of all mental ill health has its roots.

DECLARATION OF INTEREST

None.
On the concept of the deceptive trailer: Trailer as paratext and multimodal model of film
Authors: Oja Martin
Published: August 2019

The goal of the article is to contribute to the basic framework of the semiotic study of film trailers, approaching the trailer as a model of film. Discussing the signifying relations between the trailer and the film, I clarify mechanisms through which meta- or paratexts model their source texts and shape their reception. As examples, two cases in which trailers appear to be deceptive about the film’s genre are closely looked upon as the multimodal construction of the trailers of Alejandro G. Iñarritu’s Birdman and Nicolas Winding Refn’s Only God Forgives is analysed. Following Lisa Kernan and Keith Johnston, the film’s genre is seen as the central type of information communicated by the trailer. In this context, genre is understood as dominant in the sense of Roman Jakobson. I propose dominant as the crucial concept: examining incoherences between the dominants of the film and its trailer makes it possible to conduct a closer analysis of the misleading model-making and to predict possible disappointment in the viewing experience.
Professional Learning Communities: A Growing Need for Excellence in Schools and Varsities
Authors: Thomas Lijo
Published: August 2019

International research evidence supports the need of creating an atmosphere of collective learning and development in any educational institution. Many teachers continue working independently in their own discipline and pedagogy. However, several academicians are actively promoting collaborative learning and other interdisciplinary approaches. Studies argue that well-designed and established Professional Learning Communities (PLCs) in any educational organisation would have a significant positive impact on both teaching practices and the academic excellence of its students. In this study, emphasis will be on studying the significance of implementing PLCs in our schools and colleges for the consistent organisational development and pursuit of academic excellence.
Demographic Scenario of India: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Lonarkar Pramod Pandurangrao
Published: August 2019

India, the second most populous country in the world has undergone several demographic changes. The current age composition shows high quantum of young population. This is an opportunity for the country if appropriate policy measures are taken. The objective of this paper is to focus on the timely trend of demographic transition to highlight the threshold time limit of opportunity and challenges ahead. A long time series data of around 150 year has been analyzed to derive conclusions and to create supportive background for policy formulation. The study found that India is in the third stage of demographic transition which will last during 2065 to 2070, where India‟s population will be at its peak. But the threshold limit of the increasing working age population will be 2030, with around 64% working age people and lowest dependency ratio. This paper shows that number of old female dependents will increase in the transition process. This paper also indicates the need for policy formulation to address the short term and long term opportunities and challenges.
Historicising Silence: An Introduction to Australian Aboriginal Poetry
Authors: Chittampalli Ravichandra P
Published: August 2019

The paper looks at texts selected from the Anthology of Australian Aboriginal Literature edited by Anita Heiss and Peter Minter as well as poets chosen from the website Creative Spirits from Oodgeroo (Kath Walker) to Zelda Quakawoot to understand how gaze invents and reinvents people and their culture. The metaphor of the museum is used to question the Empire‟s attempt at erasing and archeologically reinventing ancient societies, while interrogating how dispossession leads to silencing of communities. The second part analytically delineates the evolution from a victim position to, consciousness raising, resistance, recovering and reconstruction of one‟s cultural heritage and voice. The third section of the paper conclusively argues how modern aboriginal poetry has attempted at non-choral, esoteric as well as representational identity formulations as a prelude to dehusking the valance of prejudice and civilisational arrogance, which continue to indent the First Citizen in cultural spaces.
Reading Hair as a Symbol to Understand Changing Gender Roles in “Rapunzel” and Rapunzel’s Revenge
Authors: Duttagupta Suchismita
Published: August 2019

Fairy tales have always been captivating for young readers. Since most of the fairy tales have their source in oral folktales, they highlight traditional gender roles and create stereotypes. As Maria Nikolajeva (2003) states, fairy tales reflect its own time and society. Evolution in readership has led to a change in these reflections. “Rapunzel” is one of the most iconic fairy tale characters and she is known for her long golden hair. Hair carries symbolic implications and is often associated with femininity, and exhibits how societal control influences how she/he wears their hair. By the transformation of her hair in the adaptations, the authors depict a change in the traditional gender roles. Rapunzel’s Revenge by Shannon and Dean Hale will be read as a counter-narrative to Grimm‟s “Rapunzel” to investigate the changes in the fairy tale genre and enable a reading of the changing hair symbolism in order to understand the change in gender roles and identity.
The Korean Nuclear Imbroglio: Can India be a Muted Spectator?
Authors: Misra Sitakanta
Published: August 2019

The presence of nuclear weapons in North Korea has complicated the strategic scenario in North Asia in general and Korean peninsula in particular. Unless the perceived ‗security deficit‘ with North Korea, due to its nuclear weapons‘ programme is amicably addressed, especially by reducing America‘s dominant presence in the region, demanding North Korea‘s denuclearisation would be unrealistic. Thus, the nuclear imbroglio in Korean Peninsula would endure. The outcomes of the Korean crisis will have serious spillover effects on South and East Asia. As a ‗rising‘ super power, India needs to reflect on her role in the unfolding strategic scene in its extended neighbourhood. This article provides an analysis of the strategic condition India is in and the impact of intervening in nuclear issues involving Super Powers in South and East Asia.
The Marginalisation of the Displaced of Kerala
Authors: K Hemalatha , K Norvy
Published: August 2019

India implemented various projects for improving the quality of lives of its citizens. In Kerala, the Cochin International airport and ICTT of Vallarpadam are two major initiatives undertaken to boost the economy of the state; the cost of the initiative unfortunately includes displacement of people. The study aims to inquire into the marginalisation of displaced people of both these projects. The study identifies that the economic, social, psychological and political marginalisation faced by the displaced population could be avoided if measures are taken to address them prior to the displacement.
Editorial
Authors: Varghese Bindi
Published: August 2019

This issue of Atna deliberates on the evolving facets of travel and leisure business. This volume makes a valuable contribution to the collection and presentation on the different aspects of tourism which will stimulate discussions on the travel and tourism arena among the business schools and professional advisors.This issue is focused towards enhancing better theoretical and conceptual clarity in the most recent emerging areas which are researched and explored by the academicians and the representatives of the trade.
Editorial
Authors: Thomas Joby
Published: August 2019

Atna – Journal of Tourism Studies, has been striving to promote publication of research based and conceptual articles authored by scholars in the discipline of Tourism Studies. Over the past eleven years the journal has provided a platform for researchers to present their research findings and concepts. The current issue of the journal deliberates on many topics on travel, tourism and hospitality that are of contemporary importance.
Detrimental Views on Perceived Risks and their Influence on Travel Decisions
Authors: Antony Jose K , Thomas Joby
Published: August 2019

This study, therefore, proposes to identify and investigate the risk perception dimensions of tourists travelling from South India and to determine the influence that these dimensions can have on tourist behaviour. The primary data was gathered through a survey, involving a scheduled questionnaire. Based on the nature of the data collected, data analysis techniques such as Cross Tabulation, Independent Sample t-Test and One-way ANOVA Test were employed to identify characters of heterogeneity among tourist groups based on the risk perception dimensions.
Poverty Alleviation and Women Empowerment through Tourism Development – an Explorative Study of Model Ventures
Authors: Mohanty Priyakrushna , Chandran Anu
Published: August 2019

Although research on tourism, poverty alleviation and women empowerment are being carried out extensively, integrative studies linking all three aspects are scant. This paper is an attempt to bridge the existing gap in the literature by connecting the concepts of tourism-driven poverty alleviation and gender empowerment through tourism and feminization of poverty.
Influence of Social Media on Tourism Business: Current Trends and Future Implications for Bengaluru
Authors: George B , N Sneha
Published: August 2019

Social media is a powerful marketing tool for the business of tourism. It provides a forum for tourists to make meaningful connections with service providers through social media platforms, and a greater understanding of products and services thereby encouraging active participation and engagement between tourists and service providers. The main objective of this paper is to study the level of exposure received from social media for tourism and the extent of the influence of social media on tourism to understand the implications of social media in the tourism industry, specifically, Bengaluru.
The Need for an E-Commerce Platform for India
Authors: Mishra Jitendra Mohan
Published: August 2019

Tourism and technology are synonymous with each other. There is no operation in the tourism industry which so far has not been technologically driven. The Ministry of Tourism (MoT), Government of India launched an ecommerce platform on July 25, 2007 in collaboration with Eviivo, a UK based online solution provider. This allowed domestic and international tourists to access information and book facilities online. The existence of a search engine on the home page of incredibleindia.org facilitated information search and upon selection, online booking facilities helped customers to book accommodation facilities. However, various tourism associations opposed the move of the MoT, Govt. of India. The associations, under the banner of a joint action group, demanded withdrawal of the e-commerce platform and cancellation of the appointment of Eviivo, UK. Subsequently, the government withdrew the decision owing to the pressure of the associations. As a result, the incredibleindia.org site at present does not have any flash banner for online booking. However, any such decisions of withdrawal or approval should be based on some survey and research. In this regard, in the present article the perception of operators as well as perspective tourists have been studied. The samples of operators and tourists in the Union Territory of Puducherry were selected as per the convenience of the researcher. The data collected through structured questionnaire were compared based on the Student’s T-test. The findings present the existence of significant difference between the operators and perspective tourists on the issues related to information search and property management solutions whereas there is no difference of perception of tourists as well as operators on issues such as online booking and payment gateway services, online market place for buyers and sellers and online marketing. Thus, the samples in Puducherry seem to have supported the move to have an e-commerce platform of the entire country as opposed to the move of their associations at national level. The findings have been substantiated with the related literature in the field