bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EPA and DHA inhibit LDL-induced upregulation of human adipose tissue NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β pathway and its association with diabetes risk factors
Authors: Lamantia Valérie , Bissonnette Simon , Beaudry Myriam , Cyr Yannick , Rosiers Christine Des , Baass Alexis , Faraj May
Published: November 2024

Elevated numbers of atherogenic lipoproteins (apoB) predict the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D). We reported that this may be mediated via the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, as low-density lipoproteins (LDL) induce interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) secretion from human white adipose tissue (WAT) and macrophages. However, mitigating nutritional approaches remained unknown. We tested whether omega-3 eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids (EPA and DHA) treat LDL-induced upregulation of WAT IL-1β-secretion and its relation to T2D risk factors. Twelve-week intervention with EPA and DHA (2.7 g/day, Webber Naturals) abolished baseline group-differences in WAT IL-1β-secretion between subjects with high-apoB (N = 17) and low-apoB (N = 16) separated around median plasma apoB. Post-intervention LDL failed to trigger IL-1β-secretion and inhibited it in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated WAT. Omega-3 supplementation also improved β-cell function and postprandial fat metabolism in association with higher blood EPA and mostly DHA. It also blunted the association of WAT NLRP3 and IL1B expression and IL-1β-secretion with multiple cardiometabolic risk factors including adiposity. Ex vivo, EPA and DHA inhibited WAT IL-1β-secretion in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, EPA and DHA treat LDL-induced upregulation of WAT NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β pathway and related T2D risk factors. This may aid in the prevention of T2D and related morbidities in subjects with high-apoB.

Clinical Trail Registration ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04496154): Omega-3 to Reduce Diabetes Risk in Subjects with High Number of Particles That Carry “Bad Cholesterol” in the Blood – Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov.
Using sensory and instrumental analysis to assess the impact of grape smoke exposure on different red wine varietals in California
Authors: Lim Lik Xian , Medina-Plaza Cristina , Arías-Perez Ignacio , Wen Yan , Neupane Bishnu , Lerno Larry , Guinard Jean-Xavier , Oberholster Anita
Published: November 2024

This study is an investigation of the impact of volatile phenols (VPs) released from burning wood during wildfires on grape composition and the resulting wines. Baseline levels of VPs in grapes and sensory differences between smoke-impacted wines and non-smoke-impacted wines were determined. The differences were related to different levels of smoke taint marker compounds in different wine matrices, using modified descriptive analysis (DA), multivariate statistics, gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (LC-QqQ-MS) of the free and total VPs, and individual bound glycosides, respectively. Across two DA panels, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Petite Verdot, Merlot, Syrah, Malbec, and Zinfandel wines made from grape originating from different areas in California were evaluated. The results show sensory differences between highly smoke-impacted and non-impacted wines with wines made from highly smoke-impacted grapes characterized as smoky, barbeque, medicinal, and having a retro-nasal ashtray character. Low smoke-impact wines based on free and total VP concentrations were not significantly different from the non-impacted wines when rated through descriptive analysis. The amount of smoke exposure was the largest contributor to smoke impact determined by sensory evaluation, but the different wine matrices from different locations and varietals also played an important role in determining the level of perceived smoke impact. The results of this study will contribute to our understanding of smoke impact and how it influences wine characteristics by relating smoke marker indicator compounds to wine sensory attributes.
Sensitive and rapid determination of the iodine/calcium ratio in carbonate rock samples by ICP-MS based on solution cathode glow discharge sampling
Authors: Wang Xuan , Liu Xing , Jin Lanlan , Zhu Zhenli , Dong Junhang , Xing Pengju , Chen Linjie , Geng Yuanhui , Zhang Jingwen , Tong Hao , Zheng Hongtao , Zhang Min , Hu Shenghong
Published: November 2024

A solution cathode glow discharge (SCGD) sampling technique coupled with ICP-MS for highly sensitive and accurate determination of I/Ca in low-iodine carbonate samples.
Effect of build orientation and heat treatment on the microstructure, mechanical and corrosion performance of super duplex stainless steels fabricated via laser powder bed fusion
Authors: Davidson Karl Peter , Liu Ruiliang , Zhu Chenyang , Cagirici Mehmet , Tan Li Ping , Alagesan Alpravinosh , Singamneni Sarat
Published: November 2024

Correction for ‘Effect of build orientation and heat treatment on the microstructure, mechanical and corrosion performance of super duplex stainless steels fabricated via laser powder bed fusion’ by Karl Peter Davidson et al., Mater. Adv., 2024, 5, 8177–8198, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4MA00448E.
Chiral spherical aromatic amides: one-step synthesis and their stereochemical/chiroptical properties
Authors: Koike Daiki , Masu Hyuma , Kikkawa Shoko , Chiba Ayako , Kamohara Kaho , Okuda Arisa , Hikawa Hidemasa , Azumaya Isao
Published: November 2024

One-step cyclization of a structural isomer of a sphere-shaped chiral macrocycle and possible reaction pathways are reported. The absolute structure was estimated by TD-DFT calculations.
Advances in quinoxaline derivatives: synthetic routes and antiviral efficacy against respiratory pathogens
Authors: Dehnavi Fateme , Akhavan Malihe , Bekhradnia Ahmadreza
Published: November 2024

3D lung visualization showing COVID-19 infection areas alongside respiratory pathogens. The antiviral drug structure and comparison of healthy vs. infected lungs demonstrate how the drug could restore lung health.
Mitigating Sn loss via anion substitution in the Cu2+–Sn2+ precursor system for Cu2ZnSn(S, Se)4 solar cells
Authors: Moser Simon , Krummenacher Jasmin , Aribia Abdessalem , Morzy Jędrzej , Carron Romain
Published: November 2024

High concentration of Cl− anions in the precursor solution leads to thermally-induced Sn loss during solvent evaporation of precursor layer fabrication. Partial substitution of acetate salts for chloride salts mitigates Sn loss.
Research progress of nitroxide radical-based MRI contrast agents: from structure design to application
Authors: Luo Tao , Wang Bo , Chen Runxin , Qi Qi , Wu Ruodai , Xie Shunzi , Chen Hanbing , Han Jialei , Wu Dalin , Cao Shuaishuai
Published: November 2024

Nitroxide radicals-based agnetic resonance imaging remains a cornerstone of diagnostic imaging, offering unparalleled insights into anatomical structures and pathological conditions.
Facile synthesis of silicon quantum dots with photoluminescence in the near-ultraviolet to violet region via wet oxidation
Authors: He Yizhou , Hao Qianxi , Zhang Chi , Wang Qi , Zeng Wenxin , Yu Jiamin , Yang Xue , Li Shaorong , Guo Xiaowei , Lazarouk Serguei K.
Published: November 2024

We report a facile wet oxidation treatment to obtain SiQDs with PL emission in the NUVV region while elucidating their emission mechanism.
Temperature and locomotion dual self-sensing soft robots based on liquid crystal polymer foams
Authors: Zhuo Shuyun , Jiang Jie , Ma Yaru , Chen Yiming , Zhao Yue
Published: November 2024

A liquid crystal polymer foam (LCPF) featuring open cell channels is prepared. Soft robots based on the crosslinked and aligned LCPF loaded with ionic liquids can perform reversible actuation and self-sensing concurrently.
Adaptive neural‐based asynchronous control for nonhomogeneous Markov jumping systems with dead zones
Authors: Li Xiang , Wang Luxue , Xue Shuangsi , Guo Zihang , Cao Hui
Published: November 2024

This article addresses the challenge of adaptive neural‐based asynchronous control for nonhomogeneous Markov jumping systems with input dead zones. Time‐varying transition probabilities are precisely characterized using a two‐layer nonhomogeneous Markov process. A hidden Markov model is employed to detect system modes and resolve the asynchronous issues of controllers. Based on the detected modes and a neural network strategy, an adaptive asynchronous control strategy is proposed. The Lyapunov stability theory is used to prove that the system remains probabilistically bounded under this control law. Finally, the effectiveness of the control strategy is demonstrated through a simulation example.
Ultra‐broadband OAM generator of high‐efficiency, high‐purity vortex electromagnetic waves based on an ultrathin reflective Pancharatnam–Berry metasurface for the microwave band
Authors: Zhu Yongzhong , Zou Fangxuan , Xie Wenxuan , Zuo Kaiwei , Xiong Bao
Published: November 2024

In this paper, a new arc‐shaped meta‐atom like a fishbone controlled by Pancharatnam–Berry (PB) phase is designed for a microwave band, which can yield a high‐purity vortex electromagnetic (EM) waves ranged from 10.63 to 26.86 GHz (relative bandwidth of 86.6%) with an efficiency of more than 90%. A single‐beam metasurface with  = +1, −2 and +3 modes is designed, respectively. Finally, a prototype with  = −2 mode is manufactured in order to prove the feasibility of the designed metasurface. It shows that the experimental results are in good agreement with the ones of the simulation, which verified the excellent performance of the metasurface. The metasurface has a series of edges such as ultra‐broadband, high efficiency, high purity and low profile compared to the conventional metasurfaces, which have strong practical applied value and significance for wireless communication.
Doppler effects in UAV‐to‐vehicle multipath channels under 6D mobility
Authors: Bao Junwei , Cui Zhuangzhuang , Miao Yang , Zhu Qiuming , Mao Kai , Hua Boyu
Published: November 2024

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) empowered vehicular networks are capable of providing flexible radio access, efficient data transmission, and secure driving operation. For these promising applications, the authors focus on channel modelling for UAV‐to‐vehicle (U2V) communications in this paper, which is the very first step for communication system design. Based on geometry and multi‐dimensional mobility patterns, a geometry‐based stochastic model framework for U2V communication is studied. Considering the practical scenario, multipath components (MPCs) are composed of a line‐of‐sight (LoS) path, a ground reflection (GR) path, and several random scattering (SC) paths. Specifically, the movement of a UAV in both three‐dimensional (3D) translational and 3D rotational directions is considered as well as a ground vehicle capable of moving in arbitrary directions with varying velocities. Subsequently, the Doppler shift expressions for various paths and movements are presented individually, incorporating spatial angles. Comprehensive simulation results are examined, illustrating that six‐dimensional (6D) motion exhibits varying effects with linear relative velocity, local angular velocity, and two types of spatial angles. Moreover, channel statistical properties such as temporal auto‐correlation function (TCF) and Doppler power spectral density (PSD) are studied to show the consideration of 6D mobility is indispensable.
Impact of using text classifiers for standardising maintenance data of wind turbines on reliability calculations
Authors: Walgern Julia , Beckh Katharina , Hannes Neele , Horn Martin , Lutz Marc‐Alexander , Fischer Katharina , Kolios Athanasios
Published: November 2024

This study delves into the challenge of efficiently digitalising wind turbine maintenance data, traditionally hindered by non‐standardised formats necessitating manual, expert intervention. Highlighting the discrepancies in past reliability studies based on different key performance indicators (KPIs), the paper underscores the importance of consistent standards, like RDS‐PP, for maintenance data categorisation. Leveraging on established digitalisation workflows, we investigate the efficacy of text classifiers in automating the categorisation process against conventional manual labelling. Results indicate that while classifiers exhibit high performance for specific datasets, their general applicability across diverse wind farms is limited at the present stage. Furthermore, differences in failure rate KPIs derived from manual versus classifier‐processed data reveal uncertainties in both methods. The study suggests that enhanced clarity in maintenance reporting and refined designation systems can lead to more accurate KPIs.
A halo model approach to describe clustering and emission of the two main star-forming galaxy populations for cosmic infrared background studies
Authors: Zagatti G. , Calabrese E. , Chiocchetta C. , Gerbino M. , Negrello M. , Pagano L.
Published: November 2024

The cosmic infrared background (CIB), which is traced by the emission from dusty star-forming galaxies, provides a crucial window into the phases of star formation throughout cosmic history. These galaxies, although challenging to detect individually at high redshifts due to their faintness, cumulatively contribute to the CIB, which then becomes a powerful probe of galaxy formation, evolution, and clustering. Here, we introduce a physically motivated model for the CIB emission spanning a wide range of frequency and angular resolution, employing a halo model approach, and distinguishing, within dark matter halos, between two main populations of star-forming galaxies, namely normal late-type spiral and irregular galaxies, and the progenitors of early-type galaxies. The requirement to have two different galaxy populations is motivated by the dichotomy between elliptical and spiral galaxies observed in number counts. The emission from the two galaxy populations maps onto different regimes in frequency and resolution spaces. This allowed us to test an extended two-population CIB model and to constrain its clustering parameters – Mmin, the mass of a halo with 50% probability of having a central galaxy, and α, the power-law index regulating the number of satellite galaxies – through a fit to Planck and Herschel-SPIRE CIB anisotropy measurements. We find that while we were able to place constraints on some of the clustering parameters, the Planck frequency and multipole coverage cannot effectively disentangle the contributions from the two galaxy populations. On the other hand, the Herschel-SPIRE measurements separate out and constrain the clustering of both populations. Nonetheless, our work highlights an inconsistency of the results between the two data sets and therefore we are unable to provide a joint fit. This outcome has already been reported in other literature when fitting a single-population model and is still present in our extended scenario.
CARMENES input catalogue of M dwarfs
Authors: Cortés-Contreras M. , Caballero J. A. , Montes D. , Cardona-Guillén C. , Béjar V. J. S. , Cifuentes C. , Tabernero H. M. , Zapatero Osorio M. R. , Amado P. J. , Jeffers S. V. , Lafarga M. , Lodieu N. , Quirrenbach A. , Reiners A. , Ribas I. , Schöfer P. , Schweitzer A. , Seifert W.
Published: November 2024

Aims. Our goals are to characterise the kinematic properties and to identify young and old stars among the M dwarfs of the CARMENES input catalogue.

Methods. We compiled the spectral types, proper motions, distances, and radial velocities for 2187 M dwarfs. We used the public code SteParKin to derive their galactic space velocities and identify members in the different galactic populations. We also identified candidate members in young stellar kinematic groups, with ages ranging from 1 Ma to 800 Ma with SteParKin, LACEwING, and BANYAN Σ. We removed known close binaries and performed an analysis of kinematic, rotation, and activity indicators (rotational periods and projected velocities, Hα, X-rays, and UV emission) for 1546 M dwarfs. We defined five rotation-activity-colour relations satisfied by young (τ ≲ 800 Ma) stars.

Results. We identified 191 young M dwarf candidates (∼12%), 113 of which are newly recognised in this work. In this young sample, there are 118 very active stars based on Hα emission, fast rotation, and X-ray and UV emission excess. Of them, 27 have also strong magnetic fields, 9 of which are likely younger than 50 Ma. Additionally, there are 87 potentially young stars and 99 stars with a dubious youth classification, which may increase the fraction of young stars to an astounding 24%. Only one star out of the 2187 exhibits kinematics typical of the old Galactic halo.

Conclusions. A combined analysis of kinematic and rotation-activity properties provides a robust method for identifying young M dwarfs from archival data. However, more observational efforts are needed to ascertain the true nature of numerous young star candidates in the field and, perhaps more importantly, to precisely quantify their age.
Attitudes, Acceptance, and Willingness to Pay for The Covid-19 Vaccine: A Case Study of Magelang, Indonesia
Authors: Efendi Aqila P H , Santoso Setiyo Budi , Pribadi Prasojo
Published: November 2024

Various efforts have been made to suppress the spread of Covid-19, one of which is creating a vaccine. However, as this vaccination progresses, there is still a lot of debate among the public regarding the safety and efficacy promised by vaccine manufacturing companies, which cannot necessarily make people accept and be willing to pay for the vaccine. This research was conducted to determine and measure the attitude of the people of Magelang Regency in accepting and their willingness to pay for the Covid-19 vaccine if the vaccine is not provided free of charge by the government. Sampling was carried out on 400 respondents from the people of Magelang Regency using non-probability sampling using the convenience sampling method. Based on this research, it is known that the attitude of the respondents in this study is positive, but there are still people who are hesitant about getting the Covid-19 vaccination, especially if the vaccination is carried out every year. Likewise, the acceptance of the Covid-19 vaccine is quite good. In this research, it was also discovered that the majority of respondents did not agree that payment for vaccination was made individually or by insurance, and chose to do it for free/without paying. Lack of health education by medical personnel is the main factor causing respondents’ hesitation in responding and receiving vaccines.
Increasing the Antioxidant Activity of Liquid Soap with a Combination of Carrot Peel Extract (Daucus carota L) and VCO (Virgin Coconut Oil)
Authors: Sukamdi Dyani Primasari , Oktaviani Nadila Nur , Harimurti Sabtanti , Damarwati Vella Laili
Published: November 2024

Bath soap is a skin cleansing preparation made from the saponification or neutralization process of fat, oil, wax, rosin, or acid with an organic or inorganic base that does not irritate the skin. Skin rashes can be treated with antioxidant compounds. This can be observed from the antioxidant compounds, such as the carotenoid compound, and the bromelain enzyme found in carrots (Daucus carota L) and pineapple (Ananas comosus). The combination of these two plants is believed to produce maximum antioxidant activity. This research aims to assess the possibility for increasing the ability of antioxidant activity in liquid soap preparations combining VCO carrot extract from pineapple fruit by creating several series of liquid soap formulas with carrot peel extract combined with VCO. The preparation was then evaluated and antioxidant activity was tested using DPPH. Subsequently, data analysis was conducted using SPSS with the Kruskal-Wallis method. Given the findings, the best formula is Formula 3, which had an IC50 value of 4.11 ppm and very significant antioxidant activity.
Antibacterial Activity Of Combination Of Rosella Flower Ethanol Extract (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) And Chlorhexidine Gluconate 0.2% Against Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175
Authors: Alamsyah Maura Shavira , Krisridwany Annisa , Tunjung Pratiwi Sylvia Utami , Febriansah Rifki
Published: November 2024

Dental caries is a problem in the human oral cavity due to the buildup of plaque, which is caused by bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans. Nevertheless, mouthwash may result in a parched mouth and numbness in the oral cavity. Antibacterial properties are therefore recognized in the rosella flower plant (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). This research was conducted to ascertain the antibacterial activity of the combination of Ethanol Extract of Rosella Flowers (EER) and chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) 0.2% in inhibiting the growth of S. mutans ATCC 25175 bacteria. The maceration method was employed in the extraction procedure, and the agar well diffusion method was followed for antibacterial testing. The concentrations of EER were 5%, 10%, and 20%. The combination of EER 5% and CHG 0.2% was made in comparison series of (1) 1:3, (2) 1:1, and (3) 3:1. Furthermore, the diameter of the inhibitory zone (DZI) and the calculation of Combination Index (CI) were analyzed. The EER at 5%, 10%, and 20% revealed DZI of 12.17 ± 1.04, 21 ± 0.87, and 32.17 ± 0.29 mm, respectively. Then, the combination series of EER 5% and CHG 0.2% of (1) 1:3, (2) 1:1, and (3) 3:1 uncovered DZI of 32.17 ± 0.58; 31.67 ± 1.89; 27.67 ± 0.76 mm, respectively, categorized as very strong. The CI showcased that a combination was antagonistic. The chemical compounds of EER 5% increased the DZI towards S. mutans ATCC 25175 in combination with CHG 0.2%.
Detection of Pulpitis Using MFCC and CNN1D
Authors: Hikmatusholih Chandra Syabana , Wibisono Adrian , Hermina Nanda Putri , Sangkala Muh Aslam Mahdi , Saidah Sofia , Hidayat Bambang , Oscandar Fahmi
Published: November 2024

In this paper, we present a crucial problem the public faces in maintaining dental health, specifically related to pulpitis. Pulpitis is an inflammation of the dental pulp tissue caused by various factors such as bacterial infection, trauma to the tooth, or tooth decay. We responded to this challenge by creating an innovative solution to detect and distinguish pulpitis from healthy teeth. This solution will help dental professionals diagnose and treat pulpitis more effectively. The method we applied in this research is pulpitis detection using audio signals with machine learning algorithms. In this study, we used a CNN1D model with the addition of MFCC as a feature extraction with the hyperparameters Adam optimizer, learning rate 0.001, batch size 32, and test size 0.2. The model evaluation used a confusion matrix to assess the model’s ability to predict based on sound. Implementing machine learning in pulpitis detection through audio signals can help health workers accurately diagnose the condition.
Formulation of Submicro Particle Extract of Kesum Leaves (Polygonum minus Huds.) As Antioxidants
Authors: Winanta Aji , Prasetya Erlangga Jun , Haresmita Perdana Priya , Sukamdi Dyani Primasari , Dammarwati Vella Lailli
Published: November 2024

The body needs antioxidants to overcome and prevent oxidative stress. An example of a plant that has the potential to be developed because it allegedly has antioxidant activity is kesum leaves (Polygonum minus Huds.). This study aims to formulate ethanol extract of kesum leaves into submicro particle preparations with antioxidant activity. Making extracts using the maceration method with 70% ethanol solvent. The identification test of compound content was carried out qualitatively using TLC analysis and GC-MS analysis. Preparation of Kesum leaf extracts into submicron particle preparations using chitosan and sodium alginate polymers and calcium chloride (CaCl2) by ionic gelation method. Three formulas (F1-F3) were differentiated by the amount of extract 250, 500, and 750 mg for each formula. Submicro particle preparations were tested for particle size and polydispersity index and evaluated for antioxidant activity by an antioxidant test against DPPH free radical compound with quercetin as a control. Based on the TLC test, kesum leaf extract contains flavonoid compounds. GC-MS results show that kesum leaves contained octadecanoid, hexadecanoic, and cyclolongifolene oxide. The optimal formula analyzed falls into the submicron particle range, and good PDI results were obtained. The results of antioxidant activity submicro particle of kesum leaves have IC50 values of 13.3 μg/mL (F1), 6.6 μg/mL (F2), 2.6 μg/mL (F3) and is a very strong antioxidant category. It can be concluded that the ethanol extract of kesum leaves contains flavonoid and terpenoid compounds, and the preparation of a submicron-particle carrier of ethanol extract of kesum leaves has strong antioxidant activity
Keynote Article
Authors: Zervas Efthimios
Published: November 2024

The 5th International Conference on Environmental Design and Health which took place on October 18-20, 2024, in Athens, Greece, in a hybrid format (in situ and online). This Conference aims to bring together researchers, academics and policy makers from around the world to discuss and share the latest innovations, research findings and practical applications in the field of Environmental Design, as well as health issues in relation to the environment. A total of 121 full presentations, 41 posters and two plenary lectures are held at the conference, which are divided into 13 thematic areas. The main points of those presentations are shown here.
Barriers to energy upgrades of existing residential buildings: Results from social housing areas in Athens
Authors: Kipourou Antonia , Giannarou Sofia
Published: November 2024

In the latest years a large scale of energy upgrades has been implemented on many residencies in the capital of Greece Athens. Obstacles to the implementation of this process occur from the start as individuals seek important barriers, such as limited capital, lack of trust to professionals and limited information from the competent authorities. On the other hand, property holder’s request to join government’s energy upgrade programs, since they are not able to implement solutions on their own with their low incomes. In this case, they are willing to trust project consultants and engineers, so as to easily participate and implement advanced energy saving solutions. Finally, precise consultation and investigation of the current energy situation by professionals, can raise awareness of the current energy situation, while practical solutions through combined technologies are able to upgrade the existing building stock. The current paper includes highlighted parts of an extensive questionnaire research to citizens of social housing areas in Athens, concerning their opinion about energy upgrades in the residential sector.
Measuring the impact of different green space layouts on the urban heat island and climate in a semi-arid region: Case of Ain Smara city (Algeria)
Authors: Bellara Samira Louafi ep. , Bouarroudj Radia , Belmili Anouar Khallil
Published: November 2024

The urban microclimate and climate are positively impacted by green spaces in neighbourhoods. Through the creation of a cooling effect via shade and evapotranspiration, they contribute to regulating the urban climate and reducing the urban heat island (UHI). They also use energy, emit pollutants, release oxygen, absorb carbon dioxide, and produce shade. Green spaces, such as parks and gardens, are essential for creating sustainable and resilient urban environments. They improve air quality, regulate temperature, and promote the well-being of residents. In order to reduce the urban heat island (UHI), this study aims to evaluate the effects of spatio-temporal changes in green cover on the urban climate. This is accomplished by examining how changes in the spatial arrangement of green cover in Ain Smara City (Algeria) between 1992 and 2021 have affected the land surface temperature (LST). The use of remote sensing offered us a relevant means to achieve this objective. Images from Landsat 5TM, 7ETM+, and Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS were downloaded and analyzed using ArcGis 10.4 software to extract the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), the land surface temperature (LST), and the Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI). The analysis of the vegetation index (NDVI) made it possible to quantify and evaluate the impact of vegetation on the urban microclimate. The results demonstrated a positive correlation between vegetation cover and decreasing surface temperature, as well as a positive relationship between vegetation cover and increasing humidity.
Examining the application of the new energy building regulation concerning lighting of parks and building facades in Greece and Cyprus
Authors: Tomasovits Militsa , Theophanous Maria Despina , Grigoropoulos Grigorios , Tsangrassoulis Aris , Niavis Spyros , Doulos Lambros T.
Published: November 2024

Compliance with standards and regulations is an important and integral part of lighting design projects. However, many lighting designers do not take always into consideration compliance with norms. A new Greek regulation concerning lighting, Technical Instructions of the Technical Chamber of Greece 20701-7/2021 as part of the new Greek Energy Building Regulation, has been released. The Greek Energy Building Regulation takes into account also the ASHRAE standard 90.1 “Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings”. However, the awareness of constructors, lighting designers and lighting experts is low. The scientific community has shown great interest the last years in the subject of light pollution in relation to outdoor urban lighting. Based on the available literature, the importance and the need for of setting regulations related to outdoor lighting is evident. Efforts have been made worldwide in order to minimize the negative environmental effects and the impact on humans caused by improper outdoor lighting installations. The current research focuses on the case of Greece and Cyprus. Online questionnaires have been used as a tool of assessing the current situation in these two countries regarding outdoor lighting design and the application of relevant standards and norms, especially in the case of parks and building facades.
Required measures and fire protection means
Authors: Tasionas Georgios , Giovannopoulos Rigas , Giovannopoulos Orestis , Kalogirou Stella
Published: November 2024

This study delineates preventive fire protection measures and sets the requirements for passive and active fire protection for buildings and their surrounding areas. The aim is to enhance fire safety, reduce vulnerability and limit the spread of fires, while concurrently protecting the natural environment and public health. Critical active fire protection measures, including water supply systems, water intake points, and sprinkler systems, are identified as essential for fire prevention, ensuring immediate response and mitigating fire impacts. The study concludes that the installation and technical specifications of these measures are contingent upon local vegetation, meteorological conditions, topography, etc., while they should be incorporated into comprehensive forest management plans to prevent fire protection in residential areas.
Cost and Carbon Intensity Analysis of Different Bio-based Insulation Materials across European Countries
Authors: Zerari Salima , Franchino Rossella , Pisacane Nicola
Published: November 2024

The use of bio-based insulations in buildings serves several purposes, including reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions. Considering the many factors that determine the decision to use these insulations, this paper aims to analyse the financial and carbon cost and carbon intensity impacts of different bio-based insulation materials. Through comparing the carbon intensity of the insulations after performing a Life-cycle assessment (A-C); Global warming potential (incl.+A2), followed by calculating the financial and carbon cost per functional unit. This comparison included insulations based on cellulose, wood fibre, wood wool, cork, straw, hemp, jute, sheep wool, reeds, cotton, paper wool, and prairie grass among others. The results show that cellulose had lower Carbon intensity impacts (0.38-23.95 kgCO2e) and moderate financial and carbon cost (avg.19 €/m2) in most countries produced in. Whilst Wood wool presented the highest carbon intensity (10.40-111.60 kg CO2e) in the countries where it was produced. The higher carbon intensity is mostly attributed to the use of inorganic fire retardants and binders. The need to balance the lowest carbon intensity of the options with relatively low financial cost means that cellulose is the most efficient alternative followed by wood fibre, and wood wool the least eff icient. A further comprehensive understanding of the environmental and economic impacts of different insulation materials helps stakeholders make sustainable decisions. Hence, it may lead to improved insulation performance to ensure diversity and competitiveness.
Rehousing in urban renewal projects in Constantine, Between integration and residential satisfaction: Post-occupancy study of rehousing operations in Ali Mendjeli
Authors: Leghmouche Asma , Abdou Saliha
Published: November 2024

This study examines the relocation operations produced in the context of urban renewal, focusing on their impact on residents’ lifestyles health, and well-being. Conducted in Constantine, Algeria, it relies on surveys of residential satisfaction with relocated households in social housing in the new city of Ali Mendjeli. Specifically targeting the relocation of residents from the disadvantaged neighborhoods like slums, areas affected by landslides and ancient buildings in the Old City. The study emphasizes the environmental impact of relocation operations by comparing old neighborhoods, such as slums and dilapidated housing, with new housing, it aims to understand their influence in changing urban practices and improving residents’ living conditions. The research employs a methodological protocol combining qualitative and quantitative approaches; the survey, based on a post-occupancy evaluation, was conducted with 400 households relocated between 2000-2017. Results reveal a strong correlation between the objective and subjective characteristics of housing, living environment, and social environment. Testimonies gathered confirm that household satisfaction results from the combination of these different factors. Furthermore, the statistical analysis confirms that urban renewal, as it is practiced today boils down to a simple relocation of households to a new environment without any care or concern of the families after their relocation, or for the future of the vacated real estate.
Development and application of a methodological framework for assessing the resilience of military infrastructure against climate change impacts
Authors: Manolis Ilias , Makropoulos Christos , Sfetsos Athanasios , Skouloudis Antonios
Published: November 2024

Mitigating climate change impacts and enhancing the resilience capacity of military infrastructure is essential for the Armed Forces, first, to ensure a high level of both readiness and sustainability transitions and, second, to contribute to each EU Member-State’s (MS) specific energy and climate goals. According to this study’s bibliographical research, there are not in place systematic methodological approaches that assess in quantitative terms existing resilience factors of military infrastructure against climate change impacts and offer tangible solutions, which aim to enhance these resilience factors. From all military assets, those of the airports deem to be the most vulnerable, due to their high exposure to extreme weather phenomena. This study is targeting to cover this identified gap by conducting an analytical methodology in very practical terms, following a similar concept and structure with the methods applied to civilian airport facilities, whist, at the same time taking into consideration the defence airport specificities, in terms of structure and operation. This methodological approach is test-based on the 116Combat Wing, located at Araxos’ Airport, Achaia. Results indicate the climatic hazard that demands immediate action and provide a tool that estimates dedicated cost allocations.
A comparative performance analysis of building insulation and different plant-covered walls in a semi arid climate
Authors: Benhalilou Karima , Benharkat Sarah , Abdou Saliha
Published: November 2024

This study presents a comparative analysis of the performance of building insulation and various types of plant-covered walls under semi-arid climate. With the rising concerns over energy consumption and environmental impact in building design, exploring passive and sustainable alternatives for cooling systems has become imperative. In this context, the effectiveness of traditional building insulation methods is compared with the thermal energy performance of different plant-covered walls. The aim of the research is to assess the thermal efficiency and cooling capabilities of these different wall systems under similar environmental conditions. To conduct the analysis, simulation scenarios were defined and several simulations were carried out using TRNSYS simulation software, with a focus on operative temperature variations and energy consumption. To do this, a mathematical model has been developed to characterize the effects of plant-covered walls and considering the interactions between buildings, vegetation, and the environment. In order to validate the model, numerical results were compared with experimental data, and strong correlations were found. The study reveals that plant-covered walls exhibit promising cooling effects when compared to traditional building insulation. Acting as a natural barrier against solar radiation, these walls mitigate heat absorption and indoor temperatures.
Development of Path and Trail Network and Forest Infrastructure for Pedestrians, Cyclists and Persons with Disabilities in the Evros Region, Greece
Authors: Kolkos Georgios , Kantartzis Apostolos , Tsilikas Simos , Stergiadou Anastasia , Siakou Evangelia , Arabatzis Garyfallos
Published: November 2024

The present research demonstrates the development of an integrated network of hiking trails, cycling routes, and infrastructure for people with disabilities (PWD) within the Evros region, particularly along the Arda River. The primary goal was to enhance forest recreation, mountain tourism, and ecotourism by providing access to remote areas, traditional settlements, and significant natural and cultural landmarks. The project involved creating twelve new trails, including a specially designed wooden pathway to ensure wheelchair accessibility, promoting inclusivity and accessibility in natural settings. The construction also featured various recreational and rest areas, such as stone seating, wooden kiosks, and picnic tables, aimed at enhancing the user experience by providing scenic and comfortable resting spots. In addition to physical infrastructure, the project emphasized environmental sustainability, selecting durable, eco-friendly materials to minimize impact on local ecosystems. Wildlife observation towers were strategically placed to offer unique vantage points for observing the local flora and fauna, fostering environmental awareness and appreciation. The comprehensive approach included regular maintenance, community involvement, and educational programs to ensure the long-term sustainability and enjoyment of the trails. The researc h underscores the multifaceted value of hiking and cycling paths, highlighting their role in promoting physical and mental health, supporting local economies through tourism, and conserving natural and cultural resources for future generations.
Re-evaluating Vernacular Climatic Morphologies for Sustainable Development in Southern Algeria
Authors: Khelifi Lamia
Published: November 2024

The vernacular urban forms of Southern Algeria have been able to achieve a balance between nature and urban development over several ages. They are often characterized by appreciable thermal and airflow conditions during Summer, where thermal comfort is highly sought after. As a result, several studies relating to arid regions inform us about ancient adaptation models shaped by cultural, historical and climatic factors, which are the focus of this research. The Algerian Saharan cities are in a critical situation. They are becoming vulnerable, especially after years of drought, the last floods that have just occurred in the region, rising temperatures, and new urbanization. The objective of this article is to first report on the climatic performances offered by vernacular morphologies and to evaluate their contribution in terms of comfort, resilience, and sustainable development, through a morphological and climatic reading, taking the ksar of Timimoun as a case study. Then, it is a matter of studying their degree of vulnerability and exposure to the climatic hazards experienced by the region in recent decades. Findings are drawn via numerical data and descriptive information from observation, on-site data collection, and interviews. The result was for bioclimatic design, seeking sustainable solutions and taking into account the particularities of these oasian environments, Community culture, and the constraints of modern life, as well as an intelligent reappropriation of local building techniques and materials adapted to the current climate and inseparable from the desire to reappropriate lost knowledge.
Winters in Greece – Climate Analysis
Authors: Kampolis Dimitrios
Published: November 2024

In old times when winter was coming, people in Greece welcomed winter and applied practical weather forecast according to the weather conditions during the 3 days period between the 4th and the 6th of December. But how relevant is this custom in modern times due to climate change and what is the current climate trend for the winters in Greece? Is practical weather forecast and observation in line with modern data? Do we have to worry about major atmospheric and weather changes? Are there serious concerns on environmental and health issues? In this paper we get answers for all previous questions with the in-depth analysis of extended weather data.
Impact of anthropogenic activities on channel deformations of mountain rivers: Case study of the Turyanchay River, Azerbaijan
Authors: Nuriyev Anar , Imanov Farda , Gojamanov Magsad
Published: November 2024

River channel deformation is a phenomenon forming with the impact of water flow and riverbed processes through the transportation and deposition of sediments, which leads to erosion, and seasonal, multi-year, and historical changes in river channels. As a result of the interaction of the river flow and riverbed, the channel has formed its shape over the decades. This natural process could be disturbed by the impact of anthropogenic activities. The main purpose of this article is to study the channel deformations that occurred solely due to anthropogenic interference. The Turyanchay River, like most mountain rivers in Azerbaijan, has experienced signiﬁcant changes in its depositional environment due to anthropogenic disturbances and climatic inﬂuences in recent decades. This study takes a close look at the case of the Turyanchay River. It utilises satellite images and remote sensing data, along with in situ data collected through field trips to the research area. These collected and analysed datasets determined all types of impacts that led to riverbed deformation. It showcases how the impacts of anthropogenic activities can contribute to riverbed deformation, altering the natural morphology and dynamics of river systems.
Quantification of Atmospheric Humidity Variability using Fourier Transform
Authors: Dimitriou-Kommata Konstantina , Rapsomanikis Nikolaos , Kalyvas Theodoros , Zervas Efthimios
Published: November 2024

In this paper, the methodology of the TEVY index is used to quantify the variability of atmospheric relative humidity during a year. Like the TEVY index, the variability of humidity is quantified by calculating the deviations between the observed values and the values derived from harmonic Fourier analysis. Two meteorological stations with different climatic characteristics are used for this analysis, Florina station, which is located in the northern part of Greece, and Tympaki station, which is located in the southern part of Greece. The results show that there is an increasing trend in variability of relative humidity over time for both stations, with Florina showing a higher increase. Furthermore, the extreme values of relative humidity show that the number of days with a relative humidity of less than 40% increases sharply over the course of a year. On the other hand, the days with extremely high relative humidity values (over 90 %) show a decreasing trend over the course of a year, indicating that we are moving towards generally drier conditions.
Assessing the existing environment education for regular higher education: A gap analysis study
Authors: Al-Ghazo Abeer , Alshboul Zeyad
Published: November 2024

Raising public awareness of environmental issues is a crucial step toward ensuring a sustainable future for both human society and the environment. Universities, along with their students and graduates, play a vital role in this process. As Environmental Education (EE) is a critical subject in education that requires further investigation, this paper seeks to examine students’ levels of knowledge, values, and environmental behaviors. It also aims to assess the role universities play in increasing students’ environmental awareness. The study’s population and sample consisted of full-time students at Ajloun National University, with 100 students randomly selected as the study sample. The results revealed that students demonstrated a high level of environmental awareness and held positive attitudes toward the environment. Furthermore, the findings highlighted the university’s essential role in developing environmental knowledge, attitudes, and behavior. This was achieved through initiatives such as the inclusion of environmental education as an optional subject, the integration of environmental topics in compulsory course syllabi, and the provision of scientific activities. These activities included applied research projects, lecture series, documentary screenings, environmental day celebrations, exhibitions, nature visits, and seminars. These opportunities allowed students to explore solutions to various environmental problems in a practical setting.
Integrating early information communication and technology agreements and sustainability through project-based learning in architectural technology education
Authors: Gonzalez Alfaro Pablo Hector , Kaltenyte Gabija , Dimovski Nikola
Published: November 2024

In the field of architectural technology studies, sustainability and digitalisation play a crucial role, leading to significant changes in current educational programmes. At KEA’s Bachelor in Architectural Technology and Construction Management, the curriculum incorporates sustainability, advanced technology, and business expertise into building design, production and planning. This research focuses on early Information, Communication, and Technology (ICT) agreements using Project-Based Learning methodologies. The goal is to meet current and upcoming European regulations related to sustainability and digitalisation in building projects by proposing an ICT Process Manual Prototype as a new educational tool. The research involves revising lecturer plans, surveying industry practices, and designing an ICT Process Manual tailored to architectural technology programmes. Methodologically, the study uses qualitative data from deskwork, surveys from Danish industry stakeholders, and didactical reflections by the authors. Findings reveal the need to change the ICT Process Manual paradigm in school projects. Survey results show industry recognition of the importance of early ICT agreements in construction, while Project-Based Learning can facilitate developments in this regard, promoting sustainability and active student engagement. The study underscores the integration of early ICT agreements into education, enhancing the implementation of sustainability and digitalisation.