bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hablar con el monstruo: cuerpos envenenados, jóvenes y animales en Distancia de rescate, de Samanta Schweblin, y Temporada de huracanes, de Fernanda Melchor
Authors: Nieto Bernal Tsanda Yaveli
Published: December 2024

La literatura latinoamericana actual se encuentra poblada por ansiedades sociales ante las crisis contemporáneas. Figuras como la del niño monstruoso, al vincularse con los animales no humanos, fungen no sólo como recursos del neogótico latinoamericano, sino también como catalizadoras de preguntas respecto a cómo se representan los límites humano-animal y cómo éstos se desestabilizan ante lo monstruoso. Las autoras Samanta Schweblin, en Distancia de rescate (2014), y Fernanda Melchor, en Temporada de huracanes (2017), crean a David y Brando, respectivamente: niños extraños que interactúan con animales no humanos y, por extensión, con el mundo natural. A partir del concepto de mirada antropomórfica de Sowon Park, este artículo pretende explorar cómo David y Brando son marginados por miradas normativas que los construyen como monstruos y cómo, sin embargo, ese factor les permite al mismo tiempo alcanzar una empatía imaginativa con la cual comunicarse con los animales no humanos. Mediante un análisis comparativo con una lente ecocrítica, este trabajo busca hilar los puntos en común y las diferencias entre ambos jóvenes. Finalmente, se interpreta que la mirada antropomórfica funciona como un campo de posibilidad en el que una empatía des- y rearticuladora del binomio humano-animal tiende puentes de reconocimiento y comprensión del otro —o bien, del monstruo— que son revolucionarios ante los sistemas de regulación biopolítica y las dinámicas de explotación que azotan las vidas y los espacios en ambas novelas.
Efficient preparation of the AKLT State with Measurement-based Imaginary Time Evolution
Authors: Chen Tianqi , Byrnes Tim
Published: December 2024

Quantum state preparation plays a crucial role in several areas of quantum information science, in applications such as quantum simulation, quantum metrology and quantum computing. However, typically state preparation requires resources that scale exponentially with the problem size, due to their probabilistic nature or otherwise, making studying such models challenging. In this article, we propose a method to prepare the ground state of the Affleck-Lieb-Kennedy-Tasaki (AKLT) model deterministically using a measurement-based imaginary time evolution (MITE) approach. By taking advantage of the special properties of the AKLT state, we show that it can be prepared efficiently using the MITE approach. Estimates based on the convergence of a sequence of local projections, as well as direct evolution of the MITE algorithm suggest a constant scaling with respect to the number of AKLT sites, which is an exponential improvement over the naive estimate for convergence. We show that the procedure is compatible with qubit-based simulators, and show that using a variational quantum algorithm for circuit recompilation, the measurement operator required for MITE can be well approximated by a circuit with a much shallower circuit depth compared with the one obtained using the default Qiskit method.
Patrimonio cultural del saber ancestral en salud a través de las parteras en Colombia. Sentencia T-128 de 2022 de la Corte Constitucional de Colombia
Authors: Restrepo Tamayo John Fernando , Centeno Quintero Elkin , Sinisterra Quintero Juliana
Published: December 2024

Mediante Sentencia T-128 de 2022 la Corte Constitucional repara la violación de los derechos fundamentales a la protección de la diversidad étnica y cultural de la Nación, al trabajo, al mínimo vital y a la salud en favor de varias organizaciones af rocolombianas de parteras, cuyo daño se había efectuado a través de las Resoluciones que el Ministerio de la Salud y la Protección Social expidió en el marco de la emergencia sanitaria y las contribuciones administrativas y económicas en favor del personal de la salud. El estudio de la Sentencia permite identificar una línea argumentativa sociológica y jurídica donde los presupuestos jurídicos se expresan en términos de hechos, de valores y de normas a través de los cuales se asienta el reconocimiento de las parteras como patrimonio cultural del saber ancestral en salud.
Análisis del delito de feminicidio, desde la incidencia del sujeto activo
Authors: Bautista Cano Angela Maria
Published: December 2024

Históricamente, las mujeres han sido víctimas de discriminación basada en su vulnerabilidad social y de género, lo que ha resultado en opresión, intimidación y privación de sus derechos. A pesar de numerosos tratados y leyes internacionales encaminadas a erradicar estas conductas, el feminicidio sigue siendo un problema creciente, definido como la muerte de una mujer debido a su género o identidad de género. Inicialmente, se creía que solo los hombres eran responsables de una gama de violencias contra las mujeres, incluyendo la violencia física, psicológica, económica y sexual, que a menudo terminaban en feminicidios. Sin embargo, en la era actual, donde las mujeres buscan igualdad y se promueven movimientos que defienden la diversidad de identidades, surge la pregunta de si las mujeres o personas con identidades diversas y no binarias podrían también cometer delitos de género. Este cuestionamiento desafía los prejuicios machistas al reconocer que cualquier persona, independientemente de su género, puede ser responsable de delitos contra la integridad y la vida de otras mujeres. De igual forma, se cuestiona la idea de que solo los hombres son agresores, abriendo la posibilidad de reconocer y abordar la violencia de género en todas sus formas, independientemente del género del perpetrador.
REDUCED GRAPHENE OXIDE AND Tb-DO3A CONJUGATE AS LUMINESCENT CHEMOSENSOR FOR AGILE DETECTION OF HYDROXYL RADICAL
Authors: Algı Fatih , Alp Meltem
Published: December 2024

The development of chemosensors for the detection of hydroxyl radicals (HO•) is a challenging task since HO• has an exceptionally short lifetime (in vivo half-life of 1 ns). In this work, we have designed and synthesized a versatile probe, viz. Tb@rGO, for the detection of HO• amongst the biologically important ions and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Our design is based on covalent conjugation of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) with terbium (III)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (Tb-DO3A). Tb@rGO is characterized by traditional spectroscopic methods including XRD, SEM, TEM, and zeta potential analysis. Furthermore, we elaborate the photophysical properties of Tb@rGO. Accordingly, our results attest that Tb@rGO has unique luminescence features, rendering it highly effective in the detection of HO•. Remarkably, Tb@rGO is highly selective to HO• among many biologically important species in 0.1 M pH 7.4 phosphate buffered saline solution. It is also noteworthy that the limit of detection (LOD) is 0.92 M for HO•. Therefore, this novel material hold promises as selective turn-off luminescent HO• probe.
Aprovechamiento de crías de abeja melífera con potencial alimentario sostenible en Yucatán, México
Authors: García López Daniel , Moguel Ordóñez Yolanda , Chel-Guerrero Luis Antonio , Betancur-Ancona David Abram
Published: December 2024

Para el año 2050, el mundo albergará a más de 9 mil millones de personas y, por ende, se duplicará la demanda de alimentos. En la actualidad, la producción de alimentos es poco sostenible ya que se basa en prácticas como la ganadería, la agricultura y la pesca que requieren grandes cantidades de recursos no renovables. Ante esto, existe la necesidad de investigar sobre otras fuentes que se perfilen como alimento o ingrediente y que aporten componentes nutricionales para la población creciente. El objetivo de este trabajo fue revisar diversas temáticas relacionadas con la entomofagía, particularmente con las crías de Apis mellifera producidas en Yucatán - México y analizar su relación con la seguridad alimentaria, la sustentabilidad, la comercialización y el aporte nutricional de éstos insectos con potencial alimentario. Se analizó la información proveniente de libros, artículos de revisión y estudios de investigación obtenidos de repositorios académicos relacionados con las crías de abeja A. mellifera, publicados desde el año 2002 a la fecha y de los cuales se obtuvo acceso completo en los motores de búsqueda como: Google Scholar, Scielo, ResearchGate, PubMed, Redalyc, Web of Science y ScienceDirect. Los resultados demostraron que, debido a su amplia presencia y su contenido en nutrientes, se recomienda el consumo de cría de abeja (larvas y pupas), en particular las de zánganos, ya que son potencial fuente de proteínas, grasas y minerales. La apicultura forma parte de una de las actividades pecuarias en el mundo, con más de 2 millones de colmenas en producción en México y cerca de 250,000 en la península de Yucatán, en donde la cría de abeja podría representar un producto de interés que aportaría valor agregado dentro de los productos de la colmena junto con la miel, cera, jalea real, propóleos, apitoxina, ya que es un potencial alimento desaprovechado que se podría estimar en miles de toneladas métricas (TM) anuales. La información sobre la composición química y nutricional de las crías en diferentes etapas de desarrollo de la abeja melífera es esencial para recomendar la especie como alimento.
Navneskriving hos norske barn i alderen fire til fem år
Authors: Hofslundsengen Hilde , Bøyum Sigrid , Høgheim Sigve
Published: December 2024

Hensikten med denne studien var å undersøke barns utvikling av navneskriving før skolestart og hvilken rolle navneskriving har i relasjon til tidlig skriving i et semi-transparent skriftspråk som norsk. Deltakerne var 124 barnehagebarn (64 jenter og 60 gutter). Bokstavkunnskap, fonologisk bevissthet, vokabular (4 år), navneskriving og setningsskriving (5 år) ble kartlagt hos barna da de var fire og fem år. Resultatene viste at flertallet av barna lærte å skrive navnet sitt i perioden fra de var fire (11 prosent) til fem år (77 prosent). Det var sammenheng mellom navneskriving og bokstavkunnskap samt vokabular i fireårsalderen, og det var flest jenter som kunne skrive eget navn. Navneskriving og bokstavkunnskap hadde sammenheng når de ble undersøkt på samme tidspunkt også da barna var fem år, men ingen av de språklige variablene ved fire års alder predikerte senere navneskriving. Samlet viser resultatene at selv om navneskriving er en sentral del av barnas tekstkultur i denne alderen, har navneskriving en begrenset sammenheng med barnas senere skriveutvikling. I lys av resultater fra andre studier kan det se ut til at navneskriving først blir en sentral markør for barnets skriftspråklige utvikling i overgangen til skolestart.
English abstract
Name Writing in Norwegian Children Aged Four to Five Years
This study aimed to examine the development of name writing before the start of school and what role name writing has in early writing in a relatively transparent written language such as Norwegian. The participants were 124 early childhood education and care (ECEC) children (64 girls and 60 boys). Letter knowledge, phonological awareness, name writing, vocabulary (4 years), and sentence writing (5 years) were tested when the participants were four and five years old. The results showed that most children learned to write their names between the ages of four (11 percent) and five (77 percent). There was a relationship between name writing, letter knowledge, and vocabulary at four; most girls could write their names. Name writing and letter knowledge were related when examined simultaneously at five years of age, but none of the linguistic variables at four predicted later name writing. Overall, the results show that writing names is a central part of the children’s text culture at this age but has a limited connection with the children’s later writing development. Considering results from other studies, it may appear that writing names first becomes a central marker for the child’s written language development when starting school.
Local Community Responses to the Commodification of Livelihoods in Tourism Destination of Borobudur
Authors: Damanik Janianton , Baiquni Mohamad , Yusuf Hermawan , Pulla Petrus Jilbert Millians
Published: December 2024

The commodification of local community livelihoods occurs in many tourism destinations. How community responds to this does not seem to have been discussed much in previous researches. This paper aims to explore the response of local communities to the increasing practice of commodifying livelihoods in the super priority destination Borobudur based on their three socio-economic variables, namely: social position, education and the volume of assets owned. A survey method has been chosen to collect main data which is analysed using inferential statistics. It was found that the commodification of livelihood assets occurred intensively due to the development of tourism in these destinations. It has been proven that the commodification of livelihoods has been responded differently by local communities. The differences in responses are clearly shown by socio-economic background. Those with higher education are more responsive in the sense of agreeing with commodification compared to those with low education. Apart from that, the social position also influences different responses to the commodification of livelihoods in the tourism destination. Likewise, the volume of assets owned also differentiates their response to the commodification of livelihoods. From these findings it was concluded that the response to the commodification of livelihoods related to the development of tourism destinations was responded differently by local communities. The implication is that destination development needs to pay attention to preserving the livelihoods of local communities as one of the strengths of attraction.
Working Orientation Difference among Generation Y and Generation Z in Startup Companies: Case in Indonesia
Authors: Nadila Syarfina Mahya , Yovani Nadia , Baskoro Andhika Ajie
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyze the differences in the work orientation of Generation Y and Generation Z workers in startup companies based on generational differences, gender, religion, property ownership, domicile, and office location. This research uses a quantitative approach with a survey method. The results of this study show that both Generation Y and Generation Z workers who work in Startups have the same work orientation regarding gender, religion, place of residence, ownership status, and office location. This research is expected to extend knowledge about the characteristics of Generation Y and Generation Z workers. In addition, this research is expected to become evidence-based to tailor specific regulations related to work orientation among Generation Y and Generation Z.
Revitalization of Rice Terrace Area through Urban-Rural Exchange Design Approach in Oyama Senmaida, Kamogawa, Japan
Authors: Purwandaru Pandu , Hironobu Aoki
Published: December 2024

Since 1960, the area of rice terraces in Japan has begun to decrease drastically due to a lack of human resources. Oyama Senmaida is a rice terrace area that successfully managed a revitalization program through an urban-rural exchange approach and was included among Japan's 100 top rice terraces. Based on the achievements of this organization, this research was carried out to understand development patterns from the design development aspect to the evaluation of programs through direct interviews with staff at Oyama Senmaida and surveys from the activities held. From the results of this research, it can be concluded that the revitalization design strategies carried out by Oyama Senmaida include raising the foundation of design ideas through local and external potential and dividing activity programs into preservation and new program development. Regarding program details, there are three categories of activities, namely ownership and trust, workshops and experience, and other programs. In the context of evaluation, supporting elements in producing a sustainable revitalization program, including building internal and external cooperation networks; planning income and funds from the government or private sector for development; and targeting market participants in the surrounding area and building aspects of publication through newspapers and online media.
The Underlying Causes of Poverty among Fisherman in Deli Serdang Regency
Authors: Novira Nina , Arif Muhammad , Yenny Novida , Siregar Nur Saidah , Sari Desi Permata
Published: December 2024

Fishermen in Indonesia are generally relatively poor. Low education is widely accepted as the cause, while others appointed terrible habits and bad custom practices as the main contributors. The fishermen are also accused of being lazy and fatalistic and like to waste money if they happen to have a big catch. However, we believe that the problem is not as simple. Therefore, we aim to explore the issue more and seek an understanding of the underlying cause of poverty among fishermen in Indonesia, especially in Percut, Deli Serdang Regency. Designing the study as a qualitative study, we use in-depth interviews to collect data from various actors, such as 39 fishermen, the head of the village, and two hamlet heads. The sampling technique was conducted using the snowball technique. The data analysis method of this research uses daily interpretative analysis. Our results show that the general assumption mentioned above is not valid. They are hard workers and not money wasters. The poverty is caused more by the lack of access to many aspects of life improvement. Poor access to education, poor market access, and poor access to credit institutions; some also have poor access to their primary resource, the sea, since they do not possess adequate equipment for it. These have limited the possibility for fishermen to improve their well-being.
Peran Kelembagaan Lokal dalam Upaya Perlindungan Pekerja Migran Indonesia: Studi Kasus Lembaga Sosial Desa (LSD) Anjani
Authors: Seftiani Sari , Vibriyanti Deshinta , Ningrum Vanda , Hidayati Inayah , Katherina Luh Kitty
Published: December 2024

Berbagai studi menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan di level desa efektif dalam mengurangi berbagai permasalahan yang dialami oleh Pekerja Migran Indonesia (PMI). Studi ini menawarkan analisis kebijakan yang bersifat bottom up dalam upaya perlindungan PMI. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah menganalisis peran kelembagaan lokal dalam upaya perlindungan PMI di tingkat desa. Dengan pendekatan kualitatif, penelitian ini mengambil kasus di Desa Anjani, Kecamatan Suralaga, Kabupaten Lombok Timur, Nusa Tenggara Barat. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik wawancara, diskusi kelompok terpumpun (DKT), dan observasi. Diskusi kelompok dilakukan terhadap instansi pemerintah, non-pemerintah, dan masyarakat (purna migran dan aparat desa). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Lembaga Sosial Desa (LSD) dibentuk dengan melibatkan berbagai pihak secara kolektif dan partisipatif berdasarkan sumber daya lokal mampu mengurangi berbagai permasalahan PMI. Lembaga ini berperan dalam melakukan pendataan dan pendampingan terhadap PMI dalam menghadapi permasalahan administrasi, sosial dan hukum. Keberadaan LSD juga mampu memberdayakan purna migran di bidang ekonomi dan pendidikan. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan bahwa kelembagaan lokal seperti LSD perlu dikembangkan di desa pengirim migran lainnya serta perlu didukung oleh berbagai pihak terutama pemerintah daerah.
Fahrradinfrastruktur auf beengten Straßen
Authors: Casey Leo , Dreher Dennis , Gaspers Lutz
Published: December 2024

Radverkehr auf Fahrbahnen mit einer Breite von weniger als 7 m kann problematisch sein. Pkw können Radfahrende bei Gegenverkehr nur ohne ausreichenden Sicherheitsabstand überholen. Dies wirkt sich negativ auf die Sicherheit und auf das Sicherheitsgefühl von Radfahrenden aus. Um auf solchen Straßen trotzdem Radverkehr zu ermöglichen, existieren mehrere Lösungen. So können Fahrradstraßen eingerichtet oder Piktogrammketten markiert werden. Ein in Deutschland noch nicht angewandtes Konzept sind 2-minus-1-Straßen, wie sie z. B. in Dänemark gängig sind.
DEZ ANOS DO PLANO NACIONAL DE EDUCAÇÃO: considerações sobre a meta 9
Authors: Leite Sandra Fernandes , Caetano Daniela Dos Santos , Pereira Lucila Conceição
Published: December 2024

O artigo intitulado “Dez Anos do Plano Nacional de Educação: considerações sobre a meta 9” versa sobre os processos de alfabetização na modalidade Educação de Jovens e Adultos. Neste sentido, objetivou-se observar os desafios e dificuldades enfrentados, com finalidade de compreender o processo de monitoramento da meta em face das mudanças de conjunturas no recorte de tempo. A metodologia de trabalho correspondeu às pesquisas bibliográficas e documentais, as quais se complementam no âmbito dos estudos de políticas públicas e os resultados incidiram tanto na permanência de discrepâncias entre determinadas variáveis, quanto na necessidade de intencionalidade na implementação de uma política de Estado.
Desentralisasi Asimetris Dalam Mewujudkan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Pada Daerah Otonomi Khusus Papua
Authors: Herdanareswari Intan
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper describes the understanding of decentralization that develops into asymmetrical decentralization in special regions that are given privileges by the state, in this case a special autonomous region which will then describe how decentralization in Indonesia towards the Papua special autonomous region related to the form and structure of local government. Asymmetric decentralization is unavoidable as a result of a country that has a special autonomous region because a region that cannot be equated with other regions, so special treatment is needed for local governments in developing the potential of the region. The results of this study show that decentralization is the transfer of authority from the central government to the regions, and asymmetric decentralization itself is the transfer of authority to regions that are special and different from other regions. One of the asymmetrical decentralization to the Papua region is in the form of a regional government system that is different from other regions, where Papua has governing bodies such as the Papuan People's Representative Council, Papuan People's Assembly, and Governor whose position is different from other government bodies.
Efektivitas Undang-Undang Tindak Pidana Korupsi Sebagai Alat Rekayasa Sosial
Authors: Weenas Andi Harunsyah Peter Noel
Published: December 2024

The rampant corrupt behaviour that occurs in Indonesia is an unfortunate irony to the integrity of the state and legal apparatus. The Corruption Act is supposed to be a guideline for a clean society that is free from fraudulent and corrupt behaviour. Ironically, the current reality proves that the existence of the Corruption Act is not strong enough to eradicate the chain of corruption. Corruption not only undermines state stability but also hinders national development. Furthermore, it is a violation of human rights and the fundamental values that underpin a nation. This article discusses the role of the Corruption Act as a tool of social engineering throughout society, with particular focus on its status as a written rule and in the context of law enforcement of the Act. Furthermore, the purpose of this research is to examine further the application of the Corruption Act from the aspect of substance in the community. Therefore, this research uses a normative juridical approach. Considering that the eradication of corruption is not something as simple as turning the palm of the hand, in the application of the law it is important to implement good collaboration between institutions and the society. Suggestions must be made to strengthen and tighten supervision in law enforcement, and social education for the community on the importance of having awareness of how destructive and destructive corrupt behaviour is.
SINERGITAS GURU PAI DENGAN SISWA DALAM PENANAMAN KARAKTER RELIGIUS DI SDI MAMBAUL ULUM SIDOARJO
Authors: Zalillah Nur Fais , Azzahro Savira Nur , Maulana El-Yunusi Muhammad Yusron
Published: December 2024

Pendidikan karakter religius pada siswa saat ini menjadi hal yang sangat penting untuk dilakukan. Sesuatu cara yang dapat dirubah dengan melakukan berbagai upaya salah satuya adalah dengan membangun sinergitas diantara guru PAI dengan siswa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis sinergitas Guru PAI dan Siswa dalam Menanamkan Karakter Religius Penelitian ini merupakan metode penelitian kualitatif. penelitian ini dilakukan dengan fokus pengamatan yang mendalam. Dalam pengumpulan data peneliti melakukan Teknik observasi serta wawancara. Pendidikan karakter religius yang ditanamkan di SDI Mambaul Ulum Sidoarjo merelevansikan karakter religius kedalam beberapa indikator yakni ketaqwaan, keikhlasan, kedisiplinan, dan kesopanan. Sedangakan Langkah-langkah sinergitas antara guru dan siswa dalam hal ini, sebagai berikut: Komunikasi antara pengajar serta murid, Interaksi antara pengajar serta murid, Kepedulian antara pengajar dengan murid.Religious character education in students is very important to do. This can be done by making various efforts, one of which is building synergy between PAI teachers and students. Researchers have a greater interest in researching the topic of Synergy between PAI Teachers and Students in Cultivating Religious Character. This research uses qualitative research methods. This research was conducted with a focus on in-depth observation. In collecting data, researchers used observation and interview techniques. The religious character education instilled at SDI Mambaul Ulum Sidoarjo brings religious character into several indicators, namely devotion, sincerity, discipline and politeness. Meanwhile, the steps for synergy between teachers and students in this caseare as follows: Communication between teachers and students, Interaction between teachers and students, Concern between teachers and students.
PENGARUH METODE TUTOR SEBAYA DALAM MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN PESERTA DIDIK TERHADAP MATA PELAJARAN KEMUHAMMADIYAAN
Authors: Rosidah Amilatur , Amirudin Noor
Published: December 2024

Fokus utama dari studi ini untuk menunjukkan pengaruh efektivitas metode tutor sebaya dalam meningkatkan pemahaman siswa-siswi pada subjek materi Kemuhammadiyaan di SMP Muhammadiyah 12 GKB Gresik. Metodologi yang dipakai dalam studi ini adalah pendekatan eksperimen kuantitatif dengan eksperimen Non Equivalent Control Group Design. Studi terkait mencakup du akelas sebagai sampel, yaitu kelas VIII Carbon dan kelas VIII Dubnium, masing-masing berjumlah 25 siswa-siswi. Kelas VIII Dubnium dikenakan metode tutor sebaya, sementara kelas VIII Carbon menggunakan metode konvensional. Instrumen pengumpulan data adalah posttest yang terdiri dari pertanyaanpertanyaan serta pilihan jawaban. Data yang terkumpul dianalisa memakai uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan teori memakai uji t untuk sampel independen.Dari hasil analisis tersebut disimpulkan bahwa metode tutor sebaya berpengaruh signifikan dalam meningkatkan partisipasi aktif siswa-siswi selama proses pembelajaran, mengurangi rasa jenuh, serta dapat meningkatkan pemahaman siswa-siswi. Dengan demikian, metode ini berpotensi mengoptimalkan pencapaian akademik peserta didik pada mata pelajaran Kemuhammadiyaan.The main focus of this study is to show the influence of the effectiveness of the peer tutoring method in improving students' understanding of the subject of Muhammadiyah at SMP Muhammadiyah 12 GKB Gresik. The methodology used in this study is a quantitative experimental approach with a Non-Equivalent Control Group Design experiment. The study included two classes as samples, namely class VIII Carbon and class VIII Dubnium, each consisting of 25 students. Class VIII Dubnium was subjected to the peer tutoring method, while class VIII Carbon used the conventional method. The data collection instrument was a posttest consisting of questions and answer choices. The collected data were analyzed using normality tests, homogeneity tests, and theories using the t-test.  From the results of the analysis, it was concluded that the peer tutoring method had a significant effect on increasing students' active participation during the learning process, reducing boredom, and improving students' understanding. Thus, this method has the potential to optimize students' academic achievement in the subject of Muhammadiyah.
Penguatan Wawasan dan Ketaatan Beragama Siswa Melalui Program Pembinaan Keagamaan di SMKN 1 Karawang
Authors: Alawiyah Risa , Syahidin Syahidin , Fakhruddin Agus
Published: December 2024

Pendidikan agama berperan penting dalam memperkuat wawasan dan ketaatan beragama siswa, yang menjadi dasar pembentukan karakter dan moral mereka. Namun, masih ditemukan siswa yang menunjukkan perilaku menyimpang akibat rendahnya pemahaman dan ketaatan terhadap nilai-nilai agama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan upaya penguatan wawasan dan ketaatan beragama melalui program pembinaan keagamaan di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan untuk mengatasi tantangan kemerosotan moral siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif yang dilaksanakan di SMK Negeri 1 Karawang. Subjek penelitian meliputi Wakil Kepala Sekolah Bidang Kesiswaan, Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam, dan siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam untuk memperoleh pandangan langsung, observasi untuk mengamati aktivitas keagamaan di sekolah, dan dokumentasi untuk menganalisis data tertulis yang relevan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan tiga tahapan, yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penguatan wawasan dan ketaatan beragama siswa dilakukan melalui berbagai program rutin seperti pembiasaan ibadah harian, pengembangan karakter melalui pembelajaran agama, dan partisipasi aktif dalam kegiataan keagamaan serta sosial. Program-program tersebut dirancang untuk menanamkan kesadaran beragama yang kuat dan mendukung pembentukan nilai-nilai spiritual siswa secara menyeluruh.Religious education plays a vital role in strengthening students' religious awareness and adherence, serving as the foundation for their character and moral development. However, some students still exhibit deviant behavior due to their limited understanding and lack of adherence to religious values. This study aims to describe efforts to enhance religious awareness and adherence through religious development programs in vocational high schools to address the challenges of moral decline among students. This study employs a descriptive qualitative method conducted at SMK Negeri 1 Karawang. The research subjects include the Deputy Principal for Student Affairs, Islamic Religious Education teachers, and students. Data collection techniques involve in-depth interviews to obtain direct perspectives, observations to monitor religious activities at the school, and documentation to analyze relevant written data. Data analysis was carried out in three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study indicate that strengthening students' religious awareness and adherence is carried out through various routine programs, such as daily worship habituation, character development through religious education, and active participation in religious and social activities. These programs are designed to instill a strong sense of religious consciousness and support the holistic development of students' spiritual values.
Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan Akhlak Dalam QS. Al-Mujadalah Ayat 11 Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam
Authors: Ramdani Muhamad , Kosasih Aceng , Abdullah Mulyana
Published: December 2024

Di era modern, generasi muda menghadapi tantangan moral akibat pengaruh negatif globalisasi dan kemajuan teknologi yang mengancam nilai-nilai akhlak. Pendidikan akhlak berperan penting dalam membentuk karakter, terutama dalam konteks pendidikan agama. Artikel ini mengkaji nilainilai pendidikan akhlak dalam QS Al-Mujadilah ayat 11 dan implikasinya terhadap pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi nilai-nilai tersebut dan penerapannya dalam pembelajaran khususnya dalam pembelajaran pendidikan agama islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui studi literatur, peneliti berperan sebagai instrumen utama. Sumber data mencakup terjemahan dan tafsir QS Al-Mujadilah ayat 11 dan sumber data lain dari artikel ataupun jurnal, dengan analisis yang mencakup reduksi, penyajian, dan verifikasi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa nilai-nilai pendidikan akhlak tersebut meliputi nilai keharmonis, penghormatan dan kedisipilnan. Namun terdapat beberapa tantangan dalam mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai tersebut baik secara internal maupun eksternal. Integrasi nilai-nilai ini dalam pembelajaran diharapkan dapat menciptakan individu yang cerdas dan berakhlak mulia, menjadikan pendidikan akhlak kunci dalam membentuk generasi yang beriman dan bertanggung jawab.In the modern era, the younger generation faces moral challenges due to the negative influence of globalization and technological advances that threaten moral values. Moral education plays an important role in forming character, especially in the context of religious education. This article examines the values of moral education in QS Al-Mujadilah verse 11 and its implications for learning Islamic Religious Education. This research aims to identify these values and their application in learning, especially in learning Islamic religious education. This research uses a qualitative approach through literature study, the researcher acts as the main instrument. Data sources include translations and interpretations of QS AlMujadilah verse 11 and other data sources from articles or journals, with analysis that includes reduction, presentation and verification. The results show that the values of moral education include the values of harmony, respect and discipline. However, there are several challenges in integrating these values both internally and externally. It is hoped that the integration of these values in learning can create individuals who are intelligent and have noble character, making moral education the key in forming a faithful and responsible generation.
HUKUM PENGELOLAAN ZAKAT FITRAH TANPA MELALUPENGUMPUL ZAKAT YANG DITETAPKAN OLEH BADAN AZAKAT NASIONAL
Authors: Rosit Rosit
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pengelolaan zakat fitrah di beberapa masjid di Kecamatan Musuk, Kabupaten Boyolali, yang dilakukan tanpa Unit Pengumpul Zakat (UPZ) resmi yang ditetapkan oleh Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (BAZNAS), menimbulkan pertanyaan mengenai kesesuaiannya dengan ketentuan hukum yang berlaku. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kesesuaian pengelolaan zakat fitrah tanpa UPZ dengan UU No. 23 Tahun 2011 tentang Pengelolaan Zakat serta mengidentifikasi penyebab pengelolaan zakat dilakukan secara mandiri. Dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan wawancara mendalam, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa beberapa masjid mengelola zakat fitrah secara mandiri karena kurangnya pengetahuan tentang UPZ dan BAZNAS. Berdasarkan UU No. 23 Tahun 2011, pengelolaan zakat tanpa UPZ dapat dianggap sah jika laporan pengelolaannya disampaikan kepada BAZNAS, meskipun praktik ini kurang optimal akibat minimnya sosialisasi terkait peran dan fungsi UPZ. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan edukasi dan sosialisasi lebih lanjut untuk memastikan pengelolaan zakat sesuai ketentuan perundangundangan.This research was motivated by the management of zakat fitrah in several mosques in Musuk District, Boyolali Regency, which was carried out without an official Zakat Collection Unit (UPZ) established by the National Zakat Amil Agency (BAZNAS), raising questions regarding its suitability with applicable legal provisions. The aim of this research is to analyze the suitability of zakat fitrah management without UPZ with Law no. 23 of 2011 concerning Zakat Management and identifying the reasons why zakat management is carried out independently. Using a qualitative approach and in-depth interviews, the research results show that several mosques manage zakat fitrah independently due to a lack of knowledge about UPZ and BAZNAS. Based on Law no. 23 of 2011, zakat management without UPZ can be considered valid if the management report is submitted to BAZNAS, although this practice is less than optimal due to minimal socialization regarding the role and function of UPZ. Therefore, further education and outreach is needed to ensure zakat management is in accordance with statutory provisions.
PESAN SPIRITUAL SYAIKHONA KHOLIL DAN STRATEGI PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM KEPADA HADROTUSSYAIKH KH M. HASYIM ASY’ARI DALAM BERDIRINYA NAHDLOTUL ULAMA
Authors: Afiifah Afiifah , Idawati Khoirotul
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini membahas pesan spiritual dan moral Syaikhona Kholil kepada Hadrotussyaikh KH Hasyim Asy’ari yang menjadi landasan dalam membentuk organisasi Nahdlatul Ulama (NU). Permasalahan yang diangkat adalah bagaimana pesan-pesan ini disampaikan dan relevansinya dalam konteks kepemimpinan dan spiritualitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis pesan-pesan tersebut melalui pendekatan historis dan interpretatif dengan teknik analisis isi dan deskriptif terhadap literatur terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Syaikhona Kholil menyampaikan dua isyarah utama, yakni sebilah tongkat yang melambangkan kepemimpinan dan tasbih dengan bacaan Asma'ul Husna "Ya Jabbar, Ya Qohhar", sebagai simbol keseimbangan spiritual dan pengingat kebesaran Allah. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah bahwa pesanpesan tersebut memberikan panduan moral dan spiritual yang mengokohkan tekad KH Hasyim Asy’ari dalam memimpin dan membangun NU berdasarkan nilai-nilai keimanan, kepemimpinan, dan keseimbangan spiritualitas.This research discusses Syaikhona Kholil's spiritual and moral message to Hadrotussyaikh KH Hasyim Asy'ari which became the basis for forming the Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) organization. The issues raised are how these messages are conveyed and their relevance in the context of leadership and spirituality. This research aims to describe and analyze these messages through a historical and interpretive approach with content analysis and descriptive techniques on related literature. The research results showed that Syaikhona Kholil conveyed two main signs, namely a stick symbolizing leadership and prayer beads with the Asma'ul Husna reading "Ya Jabbar, Ya Qohhar" as a symbol of spiritual balance and a reminder of the greatness of Allah. The conclusion of this research is that these messages provide moral and spiritual guidance that strengthens KH Hasyim Asy'ari's determination to lead and build NU based on the values of faith, leadership and spiritual balance.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Ramadan Fasting in Healthy Muslim Pregnant Women in Selangor
Authors:   Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Selangor Branch, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, Muhamad Shabudin Nur Syamira , Azlan Saliha , Zulkifli Nur Wahida , Nik Mustaffa Shapri Nik Aisyah Najwa
Published: December 2024

Ramadan fasting is a significant religious observance for Muslims worldwide. While exemptions exist for pregnant women, many choose to fast, raising questions about their knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the health implications. This study aimed at evaluating the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Ramadan fasting among healthy Muslim pregnant women in Selangor. This cross-sectional study conducted from March to June 2024 in Selangor involved 300 healthy pregnant women by convenience sampling. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire via Google Forms, which collected data on demographics, medical and medication history, knowledge of Islamic fasting laws during pregnancy, attitudes towards fasting, common fasting practices, and adversities encountered during fasting. The study revealed an adequate understanding of Islamic law among both fasting and non-fasting groups, with no significant differences noted. Attitudes towards fasting were predominantly positive, though distinct differences emerged regarding beliefs about fasting's impact on foetal birth weight and concerns about weakness and fatigue. Despite these challenges, 64% of participants engaged in additional religious activities, demonstrating resilience and deep faith. While the majority of healthy Muslim pregnant women in Selangor are knowledgeable about the obligation of Ramadan fasting, many still have concerns about potential health impacts. The findings suggest that healthcare providers should offer tailored advice and support to pregnant women, ensuring they are well-informed about the obligations and potential risks associated with Ramadan fasting. This approach will help them make informed decisions while observing their religious duties.
Exploring the interplay: aspirin therapy, genetic polymorphisms, and homocysteine levels in cardiovascular disease patients
Authors:   Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, Siti Suraya Maisarah Abdul Sahar Siti Suraya Maisarah Abdul Sahar , Salim Safreeda Sf , Kunji Mohamad Mohamad Iqhbal , Mohd Mokhtar Mohd Amin , Rofiee Mohd Salleh , Teh Lay Kek , Salleh Mohd Zaki , James Richard Johari
Published: December 2024

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a significant worldwide health threat expected to cause 23.6 million deaths annually by 2030. Homocysteine is an amino acid that is generated during the breakdown of methionine. Elevated levels of homocysteine are recognised as a standalone risk factor for cardiovascular disease, such as coronary artery disease and stroke. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and methionine synthase (MS) play essential roles in regulating homocysteine levels and maintaining cardiovascular health. The C677T (rs1801133) mutation of the MTHFR gene is closely linked to coronary artery disease due to decreased enzyme activity while the A2756G mutation (rs1805087) in the MS gene disrupts the remethylation process and is linked to elevated homocysteine levels and a higher risk of cardiovascular disease. Aspirin is a key treatment for cardiovascular disease by preventing platelet activation and aggregation, reducing the likelihood of blood clot formation. In addition, aspirin usage seems to be connected to homocysteine levels in persons dealing with CVD. The precise interplay between aspirin therapy, genetic polymorphisms, and their collective impact on homocysteine levels in CVD patients remains unclear. Therefore, this investigation aims to explore the effects of genetic polymorphisms (MTHFR and MS genes) and aspirin therapy on homocysteine levels in CVD patients from two hospitals in Selangor, Malaysia. Blood samples from 52 patients were collected and analysed, with homocysteine levels quantified using LCMS-QQQ, aspirin abundance determined through LCMS-QTOF, and genetic polymorphisms of MTHFR and MS genes identified using RT-PCR. Interestingly, individuals with CVD exhibiting elevated homocysteine levels did not show the mutant genotype for neither MTHFR nor MS genes. Furthermore, the potential influence of aspirin therapy emerged as a plausible explanation for the observed lower homocysteine levels in these patients. Other variables than genetic predisposition may play a role in causing elevated homocysteine levels in people with CVD. Our findings suggest that aspirin therapy may have a potential impact on reducing homocysteine levels in these patients. However, more research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms.
In silico Binding and Interactions of Known Antivirals to the Dimer Pocket of the SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology and Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Kampus Puncak Alam, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, Amran Nur Aqasyah , Azhar Nur Alya Amirah , Mohd Zubri Nur Syahirunelisa , Ahmad Rozani Nur Hannani , Mohd Asri Nurul Atikah , Abdullah Zafirah Liyana , Mohamed Tap Fatahiya , Jusoh Siti Azma
Published: December 2024

The devastating COVID-19 pandemic began in December 2019, catalyzed by the emergence
of the SARS-CoV-2 beta-coronavirus strain. This inflicted global havoc, infecting over 767
million individuals and claiming more than 6.9 million lives by the end of 2023. Despite
accelerated vaccine approvals significantly curbing infection rates and fatalities, the
persistent spread of COVID-19 cases has been driven by evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants.
The risk of future pandemics due to viral mutations emphasizes the urgent need for more
effective antiviral drugs to prevent resistance. In this study, we explored the potential binding
of small molecules to the dimer site of SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro). We used the
DogSiteScore program to predict the druggable sites, and Autodock Vina to evaluate the
binding affinities of known antivirals. The results revealed that most of the antivirals exhibit
higher binding affinities to the dimer site compared to the catalytic site. Notably, indinavir,
nelfinavir, lopinavir, grazoprevir, and dolutegravir are among the top binders, surpassing -
10 kcal/mol in the dimer site. Meanwhile, these antivirals exhibited affinities to the catalytic
site that did not exceed -8.7 kcal/mol. These findings highlight the promising potential of
the dimer site as an alternative target for developing specific COVID-19 inhibitors.
Pesan sobre nosotros las pestes y nos abruman nuevas enfermedades: plaga de langostas, clima adverso y padecimientos en el estado de Oaxaca de 1880 a 1888
Authors: Córdova Maira Cristina
Published: December 2024

Este artículo aborda los daños ocasionados por la plaga de langostas y el clima adverso en el estado de Oaxaca entre 1880 y 1888. A partir del análisis exhaustivo de todos los comunicados mensuales de los jefes políticos del distrito disponibles en el Archivo General del Estado de Oaxaca, documentos sobre la comisión contra la langosta, un informe de un gobernador y un comisionado, así como periódicos de la época, se analizan las condiciones que favorecieron el surgimiento, desarrollo y permanencia de la langosta por un periodo de ocho años. El trabajo analiza las estrategias que emprendieron las autoridades y la población para erradicar a estos insectos y se explora cómo los efectos del clima y la plaga afectaron el abasto de alimentos en diversos puntos de la entidad, al mismo tiempo que los habitantes experimentaron continuas olas de enfermedades.
Abordaje Musicoterapéutico de los Factores de Riesgo y Factores Protectores para el Comportamiento Suicida
Authors: Carrizo Lucía Jimena
Published: December 2024

El suicidio es una problemática compleja de salud pública a nivel global. Cada año fallecen por suicidio cerca de 700.000 personas, causando un fuerte impacto en las familias y en las comunidades (OPS, 2021). En Argentina, la Ley de Salud Mental (LSM, 26.657/10) define la salud mental como un proceso determinado por múltiples factores, vinculada al ejercicio de los derechos humanos. En este mismo país, las y los musicoterapeutas se insertan en equipos interdisciplinarios, atendiendo a personas con distintas condiciones de salud mental, entre ellas quienes presentan comportamientos suicidas. Sin embargo, no se ha encontrado bibliografía específica, actualizada y en castellano de musicoterapia en el abordaje de esta problemática. Entender cómo la musicoterapia aborda distintos aspectos relacionados al suicidio, puede permitir contar con fundamentos para el tratamiento musicoterapéutico de personas con este padecimiento. El problema principal de este trabajo fue ¿Cómo aborda la musicoterapia los factores de riesgo y factores protectores asociados con el comportamiento suicida, tomando las variables desarrolladas en la escala de Orientación Suicida o ISO-30?