bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IDENTIFIKASI SITUS BENTENG BAADIA (Studi Kasus Terhadap Tinggalan Arkeologi di Benteng Baadia Kelurahan Baadia Kecamatan Murhum Kota BauBau)
Authors: Fizar Amat Al
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini menjelaskan tentang tinggalan arkeologis yang berada di Benteng Baadia di Kelurahan Murhum Kecamatan Baadia Kota BauBau dan fungsi benteng tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tinggalan arkeologis dan yang berada di benteng tersebut serta fungsi benteng berdasarkan  tinggalan-tinggalannya. Model Penelitian ini menggunakan ruang skala makro. Untuk mengetahui hubungan lokasianal antaran tinggalan dan fungsi benteng serta menggunakan analisis kontekstual sebagai analisis pendukung. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa tinggalan-tinggalan arkeologis yang ditemukan di Benteng Baadia adalah meriam atau badhili, struktur bangunan masjid, umpak batu, fragmen keramik, fragmen gerabah dan moluska. Fungsi benteng berdasarkan tinggalannya adalah sebagai benteng pertahanan dan benteng pemukiman.
TEMBIKAR PADA GUA TENGKORAK 1 DESA WAWONTOAHO KECAMATAN WIWIRANO KABUPATEN KONAWE UTARA (Kajian Ragam Hias)
Authors: Handayani Saputri , Salniwati Salniwati
Published: June 2022

Di Sulawesi Tenggara banyak tersebar Gua â€“ Gua Prasejarah dengan temuan didalamnya sangat beragam. Salah satu gua tersebut adalah Gua Tengkorak yang terdapat di Wilayah administrasi Desa Wawontoaho Kecamatan Wiwirano Kabupaten Konawe Utara. Di gua tersebut menyimpan banyak tinggalan terutama tembikar. Melihat ragam hias tembikar yang beragam menarik untuk dilakukan penelitian.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk dan teknik ragam hias tembikar Gua Tengkorak 1. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan penalaran induktif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengumpulan data  berupa observasi, data tertulis dan dokumentasi. Ada dua analisis data yang digunakan yaitu (1) Analisis Stilistik dan, (2) Analisis Teknologi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menjelaskan tentang teknik pembuatan ragam hias serta bentuk ragam hias yang dihasilkan pada tembikar di gua tengkorak 1.

Jumlah sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 62. Berdasarkan analisis ragam hias terdapat 6 ragam hias yaitu, garis, bulatan, segitiga, segiempat, titik dan belah ketupat. Sedangkan penerapan teknik ragam hias terdapat 5 teknik yaitu, teknik gores, teknik tempel, teknik tusuk, teknik tekan dan teknik cungkil.
Note on the Odd Perfect Numbers
Authors: Vega Frank
Published: June 2022

The Riemann Hypothesis is a conjecture that the Riemann zeta function has its zeros only at the negative even integers and complex numbers with real part $\frac{1}{2}$. In 2011, Sol{\'e} and and Planat stated that the Riemann Hypothesis is true if and only if the inequality $\frac{\pi^2}{6} \times \prod_{q\leq q_{n}}\left(1+\frac{1}{q} \right) > e^{\gamma} \times \log\theta(q_{n})$ is satisfied for all primes $q_{n}> 3$, where $\theta(x)$ is the Chebyshev function and $\gamma\approx 0.57721$ is the Euler-Mascheroni constant. Under the assumption of the Riemann Hypothesis is true and the inequality $\frac{\pi^2}{6.4} \times \prod_{q \leq q_{n}} \left(1 + \frac{1}{q} \right) > e^{\gamma} \times \log\theta(q_{n})$ is satisfied for infinitely many prime numbers $q_{n}$, then we prove that there is not any odd perfect number at all.
Numerical Computational Method for Computation of Binomial Expansions and Geometric Series
Authors: Annamalai Chinnaraji
Published: June 2022

Geometric series plays a vital role in the areas of combinatorics, science, economics, and medicine. This paper presents numerical computational techniques for computing the summation of multiple series of binomial coefficients and the summation of geometric series in an innovative way and also the relation between the binomial expansions and geometric series. These techniques refer to the methodological advances which are useful for researchers who are working in science, economics, engineering, computation, and management.
Design and Build a Home Security System based on an ESP32 Cam Microcontroller with Telegram Notification
Authors: Cahyono Filantropi yusuf aji , Suharto Nugroho , Mustafa Lis Diana
Published: June 2022

Along with the times and technology, the need for fast information is needed in various sectors of life, thus supporting the performance of these sectors, one of which is the security aspect, especially in security at home, considering that there are many things that happen such as crimes and negligence of residents of the house that can cause problems such as fires. In this case, a system is needed that can visually monitor the condition of the room from remote location. This is useful for the surveillance process so that if there is a crime and fire in the surveillance room, the system can monitor the state of a room via a smartphone. This study aims to create a device that is able to increase the security of the room at home by utilizing the Esp32 cam as a microcontroller and the PIR sensor as a detector of movement when crossing the corner area of the sensor and also the Fire sensor key as a detector of fire. In this study, the ESP32 cam is used as the main brain of the system which will read data from the fire sensor, PIR sensor, and remotely control the door lock and door unlock. The data from the sensor will be sent to the server by Esp32 cam. The test results have been running in accordance with the designed system. So that pictures taken and notifications of fire can be sent to the telegram application with a 100% success percentage.
ABD’de Apartheidın Değişen Yüzleri
Authors: ÇATALBAŞ Adem Üstün
Published: June 2022

Bu makale Amerika Birleşik Devletlerindeki günümüzde hala, başta siyahlar olmak üzere ırkî azınlık gruplarına, sistematik bir şekilde uygulanan ırk ayrımcılığının kapsamını belirlemektedir. Bunu yaparken de, karşılaştırmalı tarihi sosyolojik metodu uygulayarak, ülkedeki ırk ayrımının tarihi kökenlerini takip etmektedir. Söz konusu sosyolojik yaklaşım zaman içerisinde aynı ırk siyasetinin - ırkî azınlıkların beyaz çoğunluktan ayrıştırılması - farklı tatbiklerini karşılaştırma olanağı tanımaktadır. Bu makaledeki ana amaçlardan biri, okuyucuya ABD’deki ırkî ayrımcılığın zaman içerisinde değişen doğasını göstermektir. Dolayısıyla, bu makale iki ana akademik soru üzerine inşa edilmiştir: 1) ABD’deki ırk ayrımının ülkenin kuruluşundan bu yana tarihi safhaları nelerdir? ve 2) ABD’deki ırk ayrımcılığının (eğer varsa) çağdaş uygulamaları nelerdir?
Pierre Bourdieu’nün Sosyolojik Yaklaşımı ve Siyaset
Authors: SUVEREN Yaşar
Published: June 2022

Pierre Bourdieu, 20. yüzyılın en etkili entelektüellerinden birisidir. Bu makale iki boyutu içeren bir amaca ulaşmayı hedeflemektedir. Bunlardan ilki, Bourdieu’nün ortaya koymuş olduğu sosyolojik yaklaşımın ana hatlarının ilgililer için toparlayıcı bir tanıtımını ve sunumunu yapmaktır. İkinci amaç ise ilkiyle bağlantılı bir biçimde özgül olarak Bourdieu’nün sosyolojik yaklaşımının siyaseti anlama ve çözümlemeye ilişkin imkânlarına işaret etmek ve siyaset sosyolojisi ve bilimi araştırmaları için onun yaklaşımının kullanımında teşvik edici bir zemin sağlayabilmektir. Bu amaçlar doğrultusunda yöntemsel bakımdan, Pierre Bourdieu’nün kendi özgün çalışmaları başta olmak üzere, onun çalışmaları üzerine üretilmiş literatürün kapsamlı bir değerlendirilmesi yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın ulaştığı genel sonuç, Bourdieu’nün ortaya koyduğu kavram ve teorilerin, siyasal alanı anlamak ve siyasal çözümlemede göz ardı edilemeyecek imkânlar sunduğu ve bu imkânların gerek teorik gerekse de uygulama düzeyinde siyasal araştırmalar için elverişli bir çerçeve sunduğu yönündedir.
Nurettin Topçu’nun Anadolucu Türk Tarih Anlayışı Karşısında Orhan Türkdoğan’ın Asyatik Türk Tarih Anlayışı
Authors: TAŞLI Hüseyin
Published: June 2022

Nurettin Topçu, Türk tarihini Anadolu’nun İslamlaşmasıyla başlatmıştır. Bu oluşumu, 1) Orta Asya’da gelen Türk boyları, 2) Türk boylarının Anadolu’ya taşıdığı İslamiyet ve 3) Anadolu’nun Eti halkından miras aldığı tarım tekniği gibi üç sac ayağına oturtmuştur.
Topçu, tarih anlayışında İslam dinine ve Anadolu’yu Türkleştiren Türkmen boylarına önem vermiştir. Ona göre, Milletimizin Türkmen’i ve İslam’ı tanıması Anadolu’da mümkün olmuştur. Milletimiz için Türkmen el, İslamiyet ruhtur.
Orhan Türkdoğan, tarih anlayışında Türk tarihinin Anadolu ile sınırlandırılmasına karşı çıkmıştır. O, Ziya Gökalp, Yusuf Akçura gibi Turancı düşünürlerin etkisiyle Kemalizmin Asyatik tarih tezini savunmuştur. Türkdoğan, Türk tarihinin başlangıcı olarak Orta Asya Türk Devletlerini görmüştür.
Türkdoğan’a göre, Türk hükümdarlarının amacı, Türk soyundan olan ve Türkçe konuşan toplulukları bir devlet çatısı altında toplamaktır. Bunu ilk kez yapan Büyük Hun hükümdarı Mete’dir. Mete’nin bu girişiminden sonra, Türk soyundan gelen ve Türkçe konuşan topluluklar ikinci kez M.S. 8. yüzyılda Göktürk Devleti çatısı altında toplanmıştır.
Numerical Simulation and Deep Neural Network Revealed Drag Reduction of Microstructured Three-Dimensional Square Cylinders at High Reynolds Numbers
Authors: Wang Siying , Wu Qibiao , Shi Xiaotao
Published: June 2022

Square cylinders are widely used in various fields. For example, they are common structures in fishways. The flow around square cylinders has been a common problem in various fields. However, reducing the flow drag of the square cylinder is a problem that remains unexplored. Many previous studies have reported the drag reduction of 2D square cylinders, which failed to reflect the drag of real structures. Also, some studies focus on the drag force of the inner wall of the square cylinder modified by the microstructure. Achieving drag reduction by microstructuring the surface of the 3D square cylinder is a challenging problem. This study applied a 3D numerical simulation and deep neural network to study the drag reduction performance of the square cylinder under different patch sizes. We studied the drag reduction performance of protrusion and pit-patched square cylinders and tried to find the rule between drag reduction performance and patch configuration. The results show that the square cylinder has better drag reduction performance in some cases. However, its drag reduction performance is greatly affected by the protrusion structure. Also, too large protrusions will increase the drag force of the structure. When the surface protrusion accounts for 10% of the total area of the square cylinder, the drag reduction performance is the best (22.1%). The pit patch structure demonstrated an insignificant drag reduction performance and even increased the drag in most cases. The DNN prediction model demonstrated the robustness of the numerical simulation data.
Genetic Algorithm-Based Optimization for Color Point Cloud Registration
Authors: Liu Dongsheng , Hong Deyan , Wang Siting , Chen Yahui
Published: June 2022

Point cloud registration is an important technique for 3D environment map construction. Traditional point cloud registration algorithms rely on color features or geometric features, which leave problems such as color affected by environmental lighting. This article introduced a color point cloud registration algorithm optimized by a genetic algorithm, which has good robustness for different lighting environments. We extracted the HSV color data from the point cloud color information and made the HSV distribution of the tangent plane continuous, and we used the genetic algorithm to optimize the point cloud color information consistently. The Gauss–Newton method was utilized to realize the optimal registration of color point clouds for the joint error function of color and geometry. The contribution of this study was that the genetic algorithm was used to optimize HSV color information of the point cloud and was applied to the point cloud registration algorithm, which reduces the influence of illumination on color information and improves the accuracy of registration. The experimental results showed that the square error of color information saturation and lightness optimized by the genetic algorithm was reduced by 14.07% and 37.16%, respectively. The color point cloud registration algorithm in this article was reduced by 12.53% on average compared with the optimal result algorithm RMSE.
Development of a Novel Sphingolipid Signaling Pathway-Related Risk Assessment Model to Predict Prognosis in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Sun Yonghao , Xu Yingkun , Che Xiangyu , Wu Guangzhen
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to explore underlying mechanisms by which sphingolipid-related genes play a role in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) and construct a new prognosis-related risk model. We used a variety of bioinformatics methods and databases to complete our exploration. Based on the TCGA database, we used multiple R-based extension packages for data transformation, processing, and statistical analyses. First, on analyzing the CNV, SNV, and mRNA expression of 29 sphingolipid-related genes in various types of cancers, we found that the vast majority were protective in KIRC. Subsequently, we performed cluster analysis of patients with KIRC using sphingolipid-related genes and successfully classified them into the following three clusters with significant prognostic differences: Cluster 1, Cluster 2, and Cluster 3. We performed differential analyses of transcription factor activity, drug sensitivity, immune cell infiltration, and classical oncogenes to elucidate the unique roles of sphingolipid-related genes in cancer, especially KIRC, and provide a reference for clinical treatment. After analyzing the risk rates of sphingolipid-related genes in KIRC, we successfully established a risk model composed of seven genes using LASSO regression analysis, including SPHK1, CERS5, PLPP1, SGMS1, SGMS2, SERINC1, and KDSR. Previous studies have suggested that these genes play important biological roles in sphingolipid metabolism. ROC curve analysis results showed that the risk model provided good prediction accuracy. Based on this risk model, we successfully classified patients with KIRC into high- and low-risk groups with significant prognostic differences. In addition, we performed correlation analyses combined with clinicopathological data and found a significant correlation between the risk model and patient’s M, T, stage, grade, and fustat. Finally, we developed a nomogram that predicted the 5-, 7-, and 10-year survival in patients with KIRC. The model we constructed had strong predictive ability. In conclusion, we believe that this study provides valuable data and clues for future studies on sphingolipid-related genes in KIRC.
A Bright, Nontoxic, and Non-aggregating red Fluorescent Protein for Long-Term Labeling of Fine Structures in Neurons
Authors: Ning Lin , Geng Yang , Lovett-Barron Matthew , Niu Xiaoman , Deng Mengying , Wang Liang , Ataie Niloufar , Sens Alex , Ng Ho-Leung , Chen Shoudeng , Deisseroth Karl , Lin Michael Z. , Chu Jun
Published: June 2022

Red fluorescent proteins are useful as morphological markers in neurons, often complementing green fluorescent protein-based probes of neuronal activity. However, commonly used red fluorescent proteins show aggregation and toxicity in neurons or are dim. We report the engineering of a bright red fluorescent protein, Crimson, that enables long-term morphological labeling of neurons without aggregation or toxicity. Crimson is similar to mCherry and mKate2 in fluorescence spectra but is 100 and 28% greater in molecular brightness, respectively. We used a membrane-localized Crimson-CAAX to label thin neurites, dendritic spines and filopodia, enhancing detection of these small structures compared to cytosolic markers.
Role of Nuclear Lamin A/C in the Regulation of Nav1.5 Channel and Microtubules: Lesson From the Pathogenic Lamin A/C Variant Q517X
Authors: De Zio Roberta , Pietrafesa Giusy , Milano Serena , Procino Giuseppe , Bramerio Manuela , Pepe Martino , Forleo Cinzia , Favale Stefano , Svelto Maria , Gerbino Andrea , Carmosino Monica
Published: June 2022

In this work, we studied an lmna nonsense mutation encoding for the C-terminally truncated Lamin A/C (LMNA) variant Q517X, which was described in patients affected by a severe arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy with history of sudden death. We found that LMNA Q517X stably expressed in HL-1 cardiomyocytes abnormally aggregates at the nuclear envelope and within the nucleoplasm. Whole-cell patch clamp experiments showed that LMNA Q517X-expressing cardiomyocytes generated action potentials with reduced amplitude, overshoot, upstroke velocity and diastolic potential compared with LMNA WT-expressing cardiomyocytes. Moreover, the unique features of these cardiomyocytes were 1) hyper-polymerized tubulin network, 2) upregulated acetylated α-tubulin, and 3) cell surface Nav1.5 downregulation. These findings pointed the light on the role of tubulin and Nav1.5 channel in the abnormal electrical properties of LMNA Q517X-expressing cardiomyocytes. When expressed in HEK293 with Nav1.5 and its β1 subunit, LMNA Q517X reduced the peak Na+ current (INa) up to 63% with a shift toward positive potentials in the activation curve of the channel. Of note, both AP properties in cardiomyocytes and Nav1.5 kinetics in HEK293 cells were rescued in LMNA Q517X-expressing cells upon treatment with colchicine, an FDA-approved inhibitor of tubulin assembly. In conclusion, LMNA Q517X expression is associated with hyper-polymerization and hyper-acetylation of tubulin network with concomitant downregulation of Nav1.5 cell expression and activity, thus revealing 1) new mechanisms by which LMNA may regulate channels at the cell surface in cardiomyocytes and 2) new pathomechanisms and therapeutic targets in cardiac laminopathies.
Immuno-Modulatory Effects of Intervertebral Disc Cells
Authors: Bermudez-Lekerika Paola , Crump Katherine B. , Tseranidou Sofia , Nüesch Andrea , Kanelis Exarchos , Alminnawi Ahmad , Baumgartner Laura , Muñoz-Moya Estefano , Compte Roger , Gualdi Francesco , Alexopoulos Leonidas G. , Geris Liesbet , Wuertz-Kozak Karin , Le Maitre Christine L. , Noailly Jérôme , Gantenbein Benjamin
Published: June 2022

Low back pain is a highly prevalent, chronic, and costly medical condition predominantly triggered by intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). IDD is often caused by structural and biochemical changes in intervertebral discs (IVD) that prompt a pathologic shift from an anabolic to catabolic state, affecting extracellular matrix (ECM) production, enzyme generation, cytokine and chemokine production, neurotrophic and angiogenic factor production. The IVD is an immune-privileged organ. However, during degeneration immune cells and inflammatory factors can infiltrate through defects in the cartilage endplate and annulus fibrosus fissures, further accelerating the catabolic environment. Remarkably, though, catabolic ECM disruption also occurs in the absence of immune cell infiltration, largely due to native disc cell production of catabolic enzymes and cytokines. An unbalanced metabolism could be induced by many different factors, including a harsh microenvironment, biomechanical cues, genetics, and infection. The complex, multifactorial nature of IDD brings the challenge of identifying key factors which initiate the degenerative cascade, eventually leading to back pain. These factors are often investigated through methods including animal models, 3D cell culture, bioreactors, and computational models. However, the crosstalk between the IVD, immune system, and shifted metabolism is frequently misconstrued, often with the assumption that the presence of cytokines and chemokines is synonymous to inflammation or an immune response, which is not true for the intact disc. Therefore, this review will tackle immunomodulatory and IVD cell roles in IDD, clarifying the differences between cellular involvements and implications for therapeutic development and assessing models used to explore inflammatory or catabolic IVD environments.
Morphological Diversity of Calretinin Interneurons Generated From Adult Mouse Olfactory Bulb Core Neural Stem Cells
Authors: Fernández Acosta Francisco J. , Luque-Molina Inma , Vecino Rebeca , Díaz-Guerra Eva , Defterali Çagla , Pignatelli Jaime , Vicario Carlos
Published: June 2022

Neural stem cells (NSCs) in the olfactory bulb (OB) core can generate mature interneurons in the adult mice brain. The vast majority of these adult generated cells express the calcium-binding protein Calretinin (CalR), and they migrate towards different OB layers. However, these cells have yet to be fully characterized and hence, to achieve this we injected retroviral particles expressing GFP into the OB core of adult animals and found that the CalR+neurons generated from NSCs mainly migrate to the granule cell layer (GCL) and glomerular layer (GL) in similar proportions. In addition, since morphology and function are closely related, we used three-dimensional imaging techniques to analyze the morphology of these adult born cells, describing new subtypes of CalR+interneurons based on their dendritic arborizations and projections, as well as their localization in the GCL or GL. We also show that the migration and morphology of these newly generated neurons can be altered by misexpressing the transcription factor Tbr1 in the OB core. Therefore, the morphology acquired by neurons located in a specific OB layer is the result of a combination of both extrinsic (e.g., layer allocation) and intrinsic mechanisms (e.g., transcription factors). Defining the cellular processes and molecular mechanisms that govern adult neurogenesis might help better understand brain circuit formation and plasticity, as well as eventually opening the way to develop strategies for brain repair.
Clinical Oral Condition Analysis and the Influence of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy on Human Salivary Microbial Community Diversity in HIV-Infected/AIDS Patients
Authors: Cao Peilin , Zhang Yifan , Dong Guangyan , Wu Hongkun , Yang Yuxiang , Liu Yi
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical oral status and investigate the effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on oral flora diversity in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. We first recorded and analyzed the demographic indicators of 108 HIV-infected patients and assessed their periodontal health, dental health and oral lesion status by oral examination. Besides, we compared the changes in salivary microbial communities of healthy controls, before and after treatment of HAART-processed AIDS patients by Roche 454 sequencing and RT-qPCR. In HIV-infected/AIDS patients, age, sex, marital status, income level, smoking and oral health behaviors had an effect on periodontal clinical indicators; age and marital status were correlated with dental clinical indicators; most of them were accompanied by oral manifestations, mainly including candidiasis albicans, salivary gland disease, AIDS-associated periodontitis, and oral ulcers. Besides, a total of 487 species were detected in the saliva of AIDS patients. The microbial communities of HAART-unprocessed AIDS patients significantly differed from those processed patients, with 112 unique microbial species. More importantly, a large number of conditioned pathogens were also detected in the saliva samples of AIDS patients, which may be associated with opportunistic infections. Therefore, HAART might have a crucial role in salivary microecological balance in AIDS patients. And these patients should pay attention to the maintenance of oral health, and the early initiation of HAART may be important for the development of oral lesions.
Blood Pressure Trajectories From Childhood to Youth and Arterial Stiffness in Adulthood: A 30-Year Longitudinal Follow-Up Study
Authors: Chu Chao , Liao Yue-yuan , He Ming-jun , Ma Qiong , Zheng Wen-ling , Yan Yu , Hu Jia-wen , Xu Xian-jing , Fan Ya-ning , Yang Rui-hai , Mu Jian-jun
Published: June 2022

Background

This study aimed to identify the subgroups of individuals sharing similar blood pressure (BP) trajectories from childhood to youth and explore the associations of these trajectories with arterial stiffness in adulthood.

Methods

A group-based trajectory model was used to identify BP trajectories among 2,082 individuals in the Hanzhong adolescent hypertension cohort by using BP values repeatedly measured at four visits from childhood (6–15 years) to youth (14–23 years). The brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was examined 30 years after the baseline survey. Mixed linear regression models were used to examine the associations of these trajectories with adult baPWV.

Results

Among the 2,082 individuals, three trajectory groups of systolic BP were identified as follows: the low-level group (n = 889), medium-level group (n = 1,021), and high-level group (n = 172). The baPWV in adulthood was higher in medium-level and high-level groups compared with the low-level group (1271.4 ± 224.7 cm/s, 1366.1 ± 249.8 cm/s vs. 1190.1 ± 220.3 cm/s, all p < 0.001). After adjustment for potential confounding factors, the association between baPWV and systolic BP trajectories was statistically significant (adjusted β = 49.4 cm/s; p < 0.001 for the medium-level group and β = 107.6 cm/s; p < 0.001 for the high-level group compared with the low-level group). Similar results were obtained for the association of baPWV with the trajectories of diastolic BP and mean arterial pressure (MAP), except for pulse pressure.

Conclusion

Our investigation demonstrates different BP trajectories from childhood to youth and shows the trajectories of systolic BP, diastolic BP, and MAP are significant predictors of arterial stiffness in adulthood.
Dominant Myocardial Fibrosis and Complex Immune Microenvironment Jointly Shape the Pathogenesis of Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Lu Wenzhao , Li Yao , Dai Yan , Chen Keping
Published: June 2022

Background

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a heritable life-threatening myocardial disease characterized by ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Few studies used RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) technology to analyze gene expression profiles, hub genes, dominant pathogenic processes, immune microenvironment in ARVC. This study aimed to explore these questions via integrated bioinformatics analysis.

Methods

RNA-sequencing datasets of GSE107475, GSE107311, GSE107156, and GSE107125 were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, including right and left ventricular myocardium from ARVC patients and normal controls. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis identified the ARVC hub modules and genes. Functional enrichment and protein-protein interaction analysis were performed by Metascape and STRING. Single-sample gene-set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was applied to assess immune cell infiltration. Transcription regulator (TF) analysis was performed by TRRUST.

Results

Three ARVC hub modules with 25 hub genes were identified. Functional enrichment analysis of the hub genes indicated that myocardial fibrosis was the dominant pathogenic process. Higher myocardial fibrosis activity existed in ARVC than in normal controls. A complex immune microenvironment was discovered that type 2 T helper cell, type 1 T helper cell, regulatory T cell, plasmacytoid dendritic cell, neutrophil, mast cell, central memory CD4 T cell, macrophage, CD56dim natural killer cell, myeloid-derived suppressor cell, memory B cell, natural killer T cell, and activated CD8 T cell were highly infiltrated in ARVC myocardium. The immune-related hub module was enriched in immune processes and inflammatory disease pathways, with hub genes including CD74, HLA-DRA, ITGAM, CTSS, CYBB, and IRF8. A positive linear correlation existed between immune cell infiltration and fibrosis activity in ARVC. NFKB1 and RELA were the shared TFs of ARVC hub genes and immune-related hub module genes, indicating the critical role of NFκB signaling in both mechanisms. Finally, the potential lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA interaction network for ARVC hub genes was constructed.

Conclusion

Myocardial fibrosis is the dominant pathogenic process in end-stage ARVC patients. A complex immune microenvironment exists in the diseased myocardium of ARVC, in which T cell subsets are the primary category. A tight relationship exists between myocardial fibrosis activity and immune cell infiltration. NFκB signaling pathway possibly contributes to both mechanisms.
RELAYTM Branched–International Results of Vessel Patency and Reintervention
Authors: Singh Sidhant , Surkhi Abedalaziz O. , Tan Sven Z. C. P. , Jubouri Matti , Bailey Damian M. , Williams Ian , Bashir Mohamad
Published: June 2022

Background

Surgical intervention remains the mainstay treatment for aortic arch aneurysm and dissection, but the high mortality and morbidity rates have led to a need for the development of minimally invasive alternatives to arch reconstruction. RELAY™ Branched (Terumo Aortic, Inchinnan, UK) represents a viable option for complex endovascular aortic arch repair. We present multi-center data from Europe documenting the efficacy of the endograft in terms of its target vessel patency and reintervention rates.

Methods

Prospective data collected between January 2019 and January 2022 associated with patients treated with RELAY™ single-, double-, and triple-branched endoprostheses from centers across Europe was retrospectively analyzed with descriptive and distributive analysis. Follow up data from 30 days and 6-, 12-, and 24 months postoperatively was included. Patient follow up was evaluated in terms of target vessel patency and reintervention rates.

Results

Technical success was achieved in 147 (99.3%) cases. Over 24 months period, target vessel patency was maintained in 80.2% (n = 118) of patients. Target vessel cannulation was achieved in 146 (99.3%) cases. Over the 24-month follow-up period, 30 reintervention procedures were required, of which 29 (97%) took place within the South Europe region which accounted for 19.6% (n = 29) of total cases. Zero reinterventions were required in patients that were treated with single- or triple-branched endoprostheses.

Discussion

The data presented herein demonstrates that RELAY™ Branched is a technically efficacious device for endovascular aortic arch repair and is associated with favorable target vessel patency and reintervention rates. Key design features of the endoprosthesis and good perioperative management can contribute greatly to mitigating reintervention and loss of vessel patency following endovascular aortic arch repair.
Professionally Created Content Related to HPV Vaccination on TikTok
Authors: Basch Corey H. , Hillyer Grace C. , Jacques Erin T.
Published: June 2022

Despite the protective abilities of the HPV vaccine, roughly half of adolescents in the United States have not completed the recommended HPV vaccine series. Professionals have taken to using social media platforms to encourage health behaviors such as receipt of the HPV vaccine. As such, the purpose of this study was to identify content created by professionals related to HPV on TikTok. This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in January 2022 using the hashtag #HPV Vaccine to examine the 100 English language videos created by people who claimed to be health professionals. In addition to capturing metadata, each videos' content and subsequent comments were coded. Overall, 75.0% of the videos mentioned HPV-related cancer but few discussed vaccination as a cancer preventive measure (40.0%). More than half (52.0%) of the comments were neutral in tone and most focused on cancer (54.0%), alternative medicine (58.0%), and general questions about vaccination (62.0%). Comments about videos with greater numbers of “likes” more often mentioned cancer (85.0% vs. 46.3%, p = 0.002), the age at which to get vaccinated (70.0% vs. 41.3%, p = 0.02) and more frequently posed questions about vaccination (80.0% vs. 41.3%, p = 0.002) and cost and insurance coverage of vaccination (35.0% vs. 11.3%, p = 0.02) compared to videos with fewer “likes.” The power of provider information is paramount with HPV vaccine uptake. As providers increasingly create health messages on platforms such as TikTok, it is important that they remain aware of the potential for opposing or non-factual discourse.
Reputation in Higher Education: A Systematic Review
Authors: Amado Mateus Marelby , Juarez Acosta Fernando
Published: June 2022

Published research on corporate reputation has increased in the last 10 years in various sectors. The higher education sector is no stranger to this growth; however, theoretical developments and empirical research have been conducted across various disciplines of knowledge and theoretical approaches, which has made it difficult to theorize about it. In addition to this, the dimensionality of the construct, its dependence on the perception of public interest, and the difficulty of its measurement have made it a challenge for universities. This article develops a systematic review of reputation in higher education institutions. While there is evidence of contributions in the development of the theory and its conceptualization, these have occurred in other sectors such as banking, service industries, retailing, tourism and hospitality, and are not specifically focused on the higher education sector. As such, we seek to identify and characterize how reputation has been studied in this sector, highlighting conceptual and theoretical approaches that have supported the studies, which will help to overcome the fragmentation of the same from an integral definition applied to the education service.
GnRH Antagonist Protocol Versus GnRH Agonist Long Protocol: A Retrospective Cohort Study on Clinical Outcomes and Maternal-Neonatal Safety
Authors: Zhu Jieru , Xing Weijie , Li Tao , Lin Hui , Ou Jianping
Published: June 2022

Objective

To evaluate the clinical outcomes and maternal-neonatal safety of gonadotropin releasing hormone antagonist (GnRH-ant) and gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) protocols.

Methods

A total of 2505 women undergoing their first in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into GnRH-ant group (n = 1514) and GnRH-a group (n = 991) according their stimulation protocol. Propensity Score Matching (PSM) was used for balancing the baseline of two groups. The pregnancy outcomes were analyzed in fresh transfer cycles, and the obstetric and perinatal outcomes were calculated in singleton live births of fresh cycles. The primary outcome was the live birth rate. The secondary outcome measures were maternal complications, preterm birth rate, low birthweight rate, multiple pregnancy rate, and moderate-severe OHSS rate.

Results

After 1:1 PSM, baseline characteristics of the GnRH-ant group and GnRH-a group were matched and assigned 991 cycles in each group. Before PSM, there were 700 fresh cycles including 237 singleton live births in the GnRH-ant group and 588 fresh cycles including 187 singleton live births in the GnRH-a group. After PSM, there were 471 fresh cycles including 166 singleton live births in the GnRH-ant group and 588 fresh cycles including 187 singleton live births in the GnRH-a group. No significant differences were observed in the live birth rate (44.6% vs 48.8%), maternal complications, preterm birth rate (9.0% vs 6.4%), and low birthweight rate (17.5% vs 24.1%) between two groups after PSM (P > 0.05). The moderate-severe OHSS rate (2.9% vs 6.0%, P = 0.002) and multiple pregnancy rate (24.5% vs 33.1%, P = 0.025) was significantly lower in the GnRH-ant group than that in the GnRH-a group after PSM.

Conclusion

GnRH-ant protocol was comparable with GnRH-a protocol in clinical outcomes, obstetric and perinatal outcomes, and with a lower risk of OHSS. For those who want to get an effective and safe outcome, and a shorter treatment period, GnRH-ant is a suitable choice.
Common Ground Nine-Level Boost Inverter for Grid-Connected PV Applications
Authors: Gopinath Narayanan Pandurangan , Vijayakumar Krishnasamy
Published: June 2022

The article discusses a nine-level switching capacitor-based common ground-type boost inverter for grid-connected photovoltaic applications. The proposed structure’s direct connection between the negative terminal of the input source and the grid neutral eliminates leakage current. The proposed topology uses eleven switches, two diodes, and three switching capacitors to produce a double voltage boost with nine different voltage levels. Self-balancing switching capacitors eliminate the need for sophisticated independent control algorithms. The maximum voltage stress on one of the three capacitors equals the input voltage, while it is equal to half of the input voltage on the other two switched capacitors. The various modes of operation and capacitance calculation are discussed in depth. A comprehensive comparison with various nine-level topologies has been conducted in terms of total component count, total standing voltage, capacitor voltage, and approximate cost to demonstrate the proposed topology’s benefits. A 400-W inverter prototype is constructed, and the experimental findings under various operating situations are reviewed.
Research on Variable Weight Synthesizing Model for Transformer Condition Assessment
Authors: Zhang Yan , Tang Yufeng , Liu Yongqiang , Liang Zhaowen
Published: June 2022

Transformer is one of the important equipment in the power grid, which helps to integrate renewable energy into the transmission and distribution network efficiently. The safe and stable operation of transformer is of great importance for the reliable transmission of electricity generated from renewable energy and for the reliable use of electricity by the end users. Therefore, it is important to assess the condition to avoid the faults of the transformer. In this paper, a variable weight synthesizing assessment model is presented that combines the G1 method, the entropy weight method, and a variable-weight method proposed in this paper to assess the condition of transformer based on the offset of the transformer equivalent circuit parameters. First, we propose deterioration indexes oriented to the maintenance management needs, which can well reflect the degree of deterioration of each transformer component. Second, the various defects of the transformer are used as the assessment indexes, and the initial weight is given to the assessment indexes according to the damage degree of the defect. The initial weight is calculated comprehensively by the G1 method and the entropy weight method. Then, each index is scored according to the offset of the equivalent circuit parameters, and the weights are adjusted appropriately according to the scores of the indicators using a variable weighting method to emphasize the severity of the defect or the “sub-health” condition of the transformer. Finally, the respective scores and combined weights of the assessment indexes are weighted to obtain a comprehensive score. The simulation shows that the model is more sensitive to abnormal and “subhealth” conditions of the transformer, which verifies the feasibility of the variable weight synthesizing model to assess the condtion of the transformer.
Nature-Based Solutions in Coastal and Estuarine Areas of Europe
Authors: Moraes Roberta P. L. , Reguero Borja G. , Mazarrasa Inés , Ricker Max , Juanes José A.
Published: June 2022

Momentum for sustainable and climate resilience solutions for coastal protection are growing globally given the pressing need to prevent further loss of biodiversity and ecosystems while meeting the climate change adaptation and mitigation goals. Nature-Based Solutions (NbS) represent an opportunity to align environmental and resilience goals, at a time of strained budgets in a global context and when short-term needs may run counter to long-term goals. In Europe, NbS fit the mandates of major EU environmental and climate change policies by restoring biodiversity and enhancing climate-resilience and carbon sequestration. Previous studies have compiled scientific evidence about hydro-meteorological hazards for the use of NbS. However, their implementation at scale is still lacking. As the knowledge and experience with NbS for adaptation to natural hazards and climate change increases, it becomes more important to draw lessons learned and insights for replicating and scaling up NbS, especially in coastal areas where their implementation is still limited compared to other environments. This study analyzed NbS case studies across European coastal and estuarine areas to draw key lessons, understand better the current status of implementation, and identify key challenges and gaps. From a total of 59 NbS case studies associated with flooding, erosion and biodiversity loss, results show an increase in NbS implementation since 1990s, but most rapidly between 2005 and 2015. Most of the case studies are hybrid solutions employing wetlands, predominantly located in the United Kingdom (UK) and the Netherlands. Funding of NbS is largely from public sources, and rarely come from a single or a private source. Three-quarters of the case studies reported monitoring activities, but more than half did not disclose quantitative results related to effectiveness against flooding and/or erosion. The need to improve coastal defenses was indicated as the main motivation for NbS implementation over traditional structures, while sustainability was the most mentioned additional reason. Although a variety of co-benefits and lessons learned was identified, clearer descriptions and enhanced details of such information are required. There is a need for tools and strategies to expand knowledge sharing of lessons learned to enable further replication of successful cases in other areas.
Characteristics and Situation of Fire in China From 1999 to 2019: A Statistical Investigation
Authors: Xiong Yachao , Zhang Changli , Qi Hui , Liu Xizhao
Published: June 2022

Fire is one of the disasters that frequently threaten public safety and social development, especially in developing countries such as China. The occurrence and spread of fire have distinctive characteristics. The analysis of fire causes and the summary of the unique patterns of fire with socioeconomic development and time can provide guidance and services for fire prevention. Therefore, based on the official data of China from 1999 to 2019, the current situation of fires in China is described in terms of four indicators, including the number of fires, the number of deaths, the number of injuries, and direct losses. In addition, the current situation, temporal volatility, and causes of the more severe fires in China were analyzed. The entropy weight-TOPSIS model was used to assess the fire patterns in China in the last two decades. The spatial correlation of fires in each province of China was analyzed by the Moran’s I index and LISA index. The results show that the overall fire situation in China has improved in the last two decades. Still, the spatial aggregation of fires is becoming more and more apparent, and human factors are the leading cause of fires in China. The study can provide a theoretical and decision-making basis for fire situation prognosis, fire prevention, and effective spatial allocation of fire prevention resources in China and other countries.
Sustainable Crafts: Describing Conceptual Evolution Through a Bibliometric Analysis and Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Prados-Peña María Belén , Gálvez-Sánchez Francisco Jesús , García-López Ana , Molina-Moreno Valentín
Published: June 2022

Sustainability has been progressively incorporated into all dimensions of society as a response to the negative externalities of the traditional production model, and the craft sector has been no stranger to this. Thus, the present work constitutes a bibliometric analysis of 894 research articles from the Scopus database on sustainable crafts in the 21st century, identifying the growth trends, published articles, and the most productive journals, authors, institutions, and countries. Additionally, we have identified the main research topics that have emerged in sustainable crafts in three time periods: before the international financial crisis, the post-crisis period, and, finally, within the 2030 Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals set out by the United Nations (UN). Based on the bibliometric indicators analysed, we conclude that this research area has grown exponentially, particularly in response to the Sustainable Development Goals, increasing the abundance and diversity of the issues investigated.
Invited Mini-Review Research Topic: Utilization of Protoplasts to Facilitate Gene Editing in Plants: Schemes for In Vitro Shoot Regeneration From Tissues and Protoplasts of Potato and Rapeseed: Implications of Bioengineering Such as Gene Editing of Broad-Leaved Plants
Authors: Andreasson Erik , Kieu Nam Phuong , Zahid Muhammad Awais , Carlsen Frida Meijer , Marit Lenman , Sandgrind Sjur , Petersen Bent Larsen , Zhu Li-Hua
Published: June 2022

Schemes for efficient regenerationand recovery of shoots fromin vitrotissues or single cells, such as protoplasts, are only available for limited numbers of plant species and genotypes and are crucial for establishing gene editing tools on a broader scale in agriculture and plant biology. Growth conditions, including hormone and nutrient composition as well as light regimes in key steps of known regeneration protocols, display significant variations, even between the genotypes within the same species, e.g., potato (Solanum tuberosum). As fresh plant material is a prerequisite for successful shoot regeneration, the plant material often needs to be refreshed for optimizing the growth and physiological state prior to genetic transformation. Utilization of protoplasts has become a more important approach for obtaining transgene-free edited plants by genome editing, CRISPR/Cas9. In this approach, callus formation from protoplasts is induced by one set of hormones, followed by organogenesis, i.e., shoot formation, which is induced by a second set of hormones. The requirements on culture conditions at these key steps vary considerably between the species and genotypes, which often require quantitative adjustments of medium compositions. In this mini-review, we outline the protocols and notes for clonal regeneration and cultivation from single cells, particularly protoplasts in potato and rapeseed. We focus mainly on different hormone treatment schemes and highlight the importance of medium compositions, e.g., sugar, nutrient, and light regimes as well as culture durations at the key regeneration steps. We believe that this review would provide important information and hints for establishing efficient regeneration strategies from other closely related and broad-leaved plant species in general.