bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Atributos químicos do solo e produtividade da soja após milho, braquiária e feijão-caupi em latossolo na região do cerrado
Authors: Ribeiro Luan Marlon , Souza Willian Daniel de , Ceccon Gessí
Published: May 2020

The objective of this study was to evaluate soil chemical attributes and yield components of soybean after maize, brachiaria and cowpea in an oxisol in the Cerrado region. The experiment was carried out at Embrapa-CPAO experimental area in Dourados-MS, Brazil, in the 2014/15 crop year, in a clayey dystroferric Red Latosol under no-tillage system (SPD). The experimental design was in randomized blocks with split plots with four replications. The soil chemical evaluations were carried out in soybean R1stage, being considered as the main plot the fall-winter crops (Brachiaria ruziziensis, safrinha corn, intercropping with B. ruziziensisand cowpea) and the subplots as soil depths (0-10; 10-20; 20-30 and 30-40 cm). For soybean yield components, fall-winter crops and subplots were soybean cultivars (BRS 284 and BRS 360 RR). In general, previous soybean crops in SPD provided higher contents of some nutrients at depths from 0 to 10 cm, in addition to higher cation exchange capacity, base saturation and soil organic matter. Cowpea, safrinha corn and B. ruziziensisprovided conditions for higher soybean yield. BRS 284 presented higher number of grains per plant, however BRS 360 RR proved to be more productive.
Desempenho de cultivares de goiabeiras em ambientes irrigado e sequeiro
Authors: Martins Adriana Novais , Narita Nobuyoshi , Suguino Eduardo , Takata William Hiroshi S.
Published: May 2020

The fruits of guava (Psidium guajavaL.) are highly appreciated not only for aroma and flavor, but also for nutritional value, being a rich source of vitamin C and can be consumed in naturaor in their industrial forms. The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of guavacultivars, its initial production and its fruit quality in irrigated and non-irrigated environments. Planting was carried out in February 2016, at 2.0 x 4.5 m spacing, with seedlings formed by cuttings from a commercial nursery. The plants were conducted in the espalier system, with regular prunings for fruiting. It was used a complete randomized block design in a 3 x 2 factorial arrangement, with three cultivars (Tailandesa, Século XXI and Pedro Sato) and two production environments (irrigated and non-irrigated). Productive variables (yield per plant and fruit mass) and qualitative variables (pH and total soluble solids content) were analyzed in the first two crop cycles. The yield and mass of fruits of evaluated cultivars were not affected by the additional irrigation of the plants. The irrigation has decreased the pH and the level ofsoluble solids content of the fruits. The 'Tailandesa' guava cultivar was the one that presented the best productive performance for cultivation in the region of Vera Cruz, SP.
Barack Obama e Donald Trump: uma análise dos determinantes domésticos da política externa estadunidense em relação ao Irã (2009-2018)
Authors: Dall'Agnol Gustavo Fornari
Published: May 2020

Resumo: O presente artigo visa a analisar e explicar as diferenças na condução da política externa estadunidense para com o Irã dos governos de Barack Obama e Donald Trump. Para tal, recorrer-se-á a análise empírica da política externa dos dois governos. Ademais, conceitos uteis da disciplina de Análise de Política Externa e da Ciência Política serão utilizados. Ver-se-á que as limitações impostas à política externa de Obama, advêm da pressão política exercida por grupos de interesse domésticos. Elites importantes, principalmente aquelas ligadas a vertente neoconservadora da política estadunidense, ao mesmo tempo em que restringiram a atuação de Obama no cenário internacional, são base de apoio para a política externa de Donald Trump e de seu partido, o Partido Republicano. A ruptura na política externa feita por Trump, pode ser compreendida através da análise desses grupos, o que fica evidenciado no caso do Irã.
Defeasible Tolerance and the Sorites
Authors: Hu Ivan ,   Journal of Philosophy Inc.
Published: May 2020

I propose a novel solution to the Sorites Paradox. The account vindicates the tolerance of vague predicates in a way that properly addresses the normativity of vagueness while avoiding sorites contradiction, by treating sorites reasoning as a type of defeasible reasoning. I show how this can be done within the setting of a nonmonotonic deontic logic. Central to the proposal is its deontic interpretation of tolerance. I draw a key distinction between two types of tolerance, based on different deontic notions, and show how the account captures key differences between these types of sorites reasoning. I compare the resulting theory to various existing contextualist proposals and argue that it better accounts for the normative aspects of sorites reasoning.
The Quest for Ultimate Freedom Person and Liberty in the Russian and Italian Personalism in the 20th Century
Authors: Mainardi Adalberto ,   Gnomon Center for the Humanities
Published: May 2020

The paper concentrates on two main theoretical problems connected with the idea of ‘person’, namely, ‘freedom’ and the ‘reality of evil’. Will be considered both Russian and Italian thinkers. After a presentation of Berdyaev’s philosophy of person and its critics (Vasilii Zenkovsky), alternative theological approaches to personality (Bulgakov, Lossky) will be considered. The last part of the paper deals with the heritage of Dostoevsky and Berdyaev in Italy, focusing on the ‘ontology of freedom’ proposed by Luigi Pareyson. The final remarks try highlight communion as the necessary horizon for freedom and personality.
Eschatological Perspective of N. Berdyaev’s Philosophy of History
Authors: Golović Radoje ,   Gnomon Center for the Humanities
Published: May 2020

The fundamental insight that N. Berdyaev obtains in his historiosophical reflections is that history is antinomic and the historical process is catastrophic since it has to end, because “the world cannot exist eternally”. In its global, empirical (objective) dimension, history resembles an absurd comedy “in which nothing ever succeeds”. The idea of history as a long duration (long duree) and permanent progress misses its essence. According to Berdyaev, such history is meaningless, and it has to end. Its true meaning is revealed only in “its end” and “before the face of eternity”. Terrestrial history does not have its epilogue and the final solution in historical time but in celestial history when the boundaries between the immanent and the transcendent world disappear. History is the path to another and different, sublime and spiritual (noumenal) world that lies beyond the boundaries of everything historical. The destiny of man, which lies at the heart of history, assumes a meta-historical goal and a trans-historical solution to the destiny of history in a different, eternal time. To summarize, history has an eschatological meaning. Although there is an unsolvable tragic conflict between the individual human destiny and the destiny of humanity as a whole within the framework of history, Berdyaev, following the entire tradition of Russian religious philosophy, is convinced that the overcoming of that contradiction on the historical level is possible with love as the salvation and the main driving force of the soul and the source of all the spiritual creation of man.
Investigating the terms of transition from a dialogue to dialectics in Plato’s Charmides
Authors: Terezis Christos ,   Gnomon Center for the Humanities
Published: May 2020

In this article, following the introductory chapters of the Platonic dialogue Charmides (153a1-154b7), we attempt to investigate the terms of transition from a simple dialogue to dialectics. Interpreting the expressive means used, we attempt to explain how Plato goes from historicity to systematicity, in order to create the appropriate conditions to build a definition about a fundamental virtue as well as to set the criteria to be followed in a philosophical debate. Our study is divided in two sections, each of which is also divided in two subsections. In the first section, we investigate the historical context of the dialogue and the terms of transition from a single dialogue to dialectics. In the second section, we attempt to define according to Socrates’ judgments the mental and moral quality of the young men as well as the terms and conditions of the right interlocutor. At the end of each section, we present a table of concepts to bring to light the conceptual structures that Plato builds, which reveal the philosophical development in this dialogue.
Productive Struggle in Action
Authors: Baker Katherine , Jessup Naomi A. , Jacobs Victoria R. , Empson Susan B. , Case Joan
Published: May 2020

Productive struggle is an essential part of mathematics instruction that promotes learning with deep understanding. A video scenario is used to provide a glimpse of productive struggle in action and to showcase its characteristics for both students and teachers. Suggestions for supporting productive struggle are provided.
Conditional Reasoning Online with Mastermind
Authors: Yee Sean P. , Roy George J. , Graul LuAnn
Published: May 2020

As mathematical patterns become more complex, students' conditional reasoning skills need to be nurtured so that students continue to critique, construct, and persevere in making sense of these complexities. This article describes a mathematical task designed around the online version of the game Mastermind to safely foster conditional reasoning.
Escape Room Math: Luna's Lines
Authors: Stohlmann Micah S.
Published: May 2020

An escape room can be a great way for students to apply and practice mathematics they have learned. This article describes the development and implementation of a mathematical escape room with important principles to incorporate in escape rooms to help students persevere in problem solving.
Mathematizing Multilevel Marketing
Authors: Abassian Aline , Safi Farshid
Published: May 2020

This article dives into the importance of engaging students in investigating the mathematics of businesses that pressure their members to recruit new members as a basis for success, also referred to as multi-level marketing (MLM). The mathematics behind these businesses are discussed, and a sample student task is given.
GPS: Equivalent Expressions
Authors: Enlow Matt , Özgün-Koca S. Asli
Published: May 2020

Equality is one of the main concepts in K–12 mathematics. Students should develop the understanding that equality is a relationship between two mathematical expressions. In this month's GPS, we share tasks asking students one main question: how do they know whether or not two mathematical expressions are equivalent?
Contaminação por Cr, Cu, Pb e Fe nos sedimentos do riacho Capivara-Imperatriz, MA, Brasil
Authors: Costa Gleison Pereira , Nascimento Bruno Lucio Meneses , Araújo Rafael De Oliveira , Santos Luís Carlos Araújo dos , Oliveira Jorge Diniz de
Published: May 2020

Os sedimentos em virtude da sua capacidade de reter e acumular metais podem refletir a qualidade da água e registrar os efeitos das emissões antrópicas. Este estudo teve por objetivo determinar a concentração de Fe(II), Cu(II), Cr(VI) e Pb(II) nas frações geoquímicas dos sedimentos do Riacho Capivara, na cidade de Imperatriz-MA por intermédio de extração sequencial afim de avaliar a biodisponibilidade, o mecanismos de distribuição dessa espécies metálicas e obter informação sobre a influência da urbanização no processo de degradação desse corpo hídrico. Os sedimentos foram coletados em dois pontos de amostragem. As diferentes formas químicas em que os metais podem estar associados aos sedimentos foi realizado por extração seqüencial de acordo com a metodologia proposta por “Europan Communites Bareau of Reference”(BCR) que consiste em submeter a amostra em quatro etapas sequenciais ( trocáveis, fase óxidos de Fe e Mn, fase matéria orgânica , residual). A concentração das espécies metálicas foi determinada por espectrometria de absorção atômica em chama (FAAS), com corretor de fundo com lâmpada de deutério. Os estudos de fracionamento indicaram que as espécies metálicas Cu, Cr e Fe no ponto dentro do perímetro urbano foram encontradas na fração disponível ou lábeis. Já o Pb foi encontrado na fração residual, em ambos pontos amostrais e o Fe no ponto fora do perímetro urbano indicando baixa disponibilidade no corpo hídrico. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que os sedimentos do Riacho Capivara sofrem interferências do meio urbano. A sequência de disponibilidade dos metais estudados foi Cu > Cr > Pb > Fe no ponto fora do perímetro urbano e Cu > Fe > Cr > Pb no ponto dentro do perímetro urbano.  A variação observada para Índice Geoquímico e Fator de Risco Ambiental provavelmente refletem a complexidade do quadro de deterioração desses corpos hídricos,  marcada pela descarga intermitente de resíduos sanitários e pelo assoreamento e erosão do solo observada ao longo do percurso investigado.
Desenvolvimento e caracterização de doce e geleia de abacaxi ‘pérola’ com flor de camomila desidratada e canela em pau
Authors: Rocha Juliana Guimarães , Silva Rodrigo Cruz , Pinheiro Luana da Silva , Santos Neto João Paixão dos , Beirão Antônio Thiago Madeira , Silva Katiane Pereira da , Silva José Nilton da , Silva Vicente Filho Alves , Carvalho Fábio Israel , Silva Priscilla Andrade
Published: May 2020

No presente estudo objetivou-se elaborar produtos artesanais (doce em massa e geleia) e avaliar as características físico-químicas e sensoriais dos produtos saborizados com flor de camomila e canela em pau produzidos a partir dos frutos de abacaxi Pérola. Foi realizada caracterização física de 100 amostras de frutos através das medidas de peso dos frutos (PF), peso da polpa (PP), peso da casca (PC), peso da coroa (PCA), avaliação do diâmetro, comprimento dos frutos e rendimento da polpa. Para a caracterização físico-química da polpa, do albedo e dos produtos artesanais elaborados foram realizadas as análises de pH, acidez total titulável, sólidos solúveis totais, umidade, cinzas, teor de proteínas totais, lipídios, carboidratos e o valor energético total. Os resultados obtidos das análises físico-químicas e sensoriais foram realizados pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Em relação à caracterização física dos frutos de abacaxi Pérola, os parâmetros avaliados como comprimento (31,05 cm), diâmetro (14,86 cm) caracterizam os frutos no formato cônico. Quanto aos valores obtidos para o peso médio dos frutos (1.350,50 kg), e rendimento da polpa (53,33%) estão acima dos valores relatados na literatura. Os teores médios de pH, °Brix, umidade, cinzas, carboidratos e valor energético total para a polpa de abacaxi estão próximos aos estipulados pela Tabela Brasileira de Composição de Alimentos – TACO e ANVISA. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, os produtos podem se tornar uma opção de aproveitamento integral dos frutos de abacaxi, logo uma forma alternativa de renda para o pequeno produtor da região do Sudeste do Pará.
Estudo da qualidade das águas subterrâneas de abastecimento em bairros na cidade de parauapebas a partir de parâmetros físico-químicos
Authors: Chaves Henrique Sousa , Morais Denilton Galvão de , Costa Karen Albuquerque Dias da , Oliveira Igor Vinícius de , Dantas Kelly das Graças Fernandes , Silva Claude Rosa da , Silva Josiane Pereira da , Silva José Nilton da , Silva Vicente Filho Alves , Silva Priscilla Andrade , Carvalho Fábio Israel
Published: May 2020

Amostras de águas subterrâneas foram coletadas em 20 locais de amostragem distribuídos em nove bairros da Cidade de Parauapebas (Estado do Pará, Brasil), em 2019, com o objetivo de avaliar a qualidade das águas subterrâneas captadas em poços tubulares potencialmente utilizados para consumo humano. Para todas as amostras de águas subterrâneas foram analisados nove parâmetros físico-químicos, tais como temperatura (T), potencial hidrogeniônico (pH), condutividade elétrica (CE), turbidez (TRB), cor , teor de cloreto (Cl-) e sólidos totais dissolvidos (STD), com a intenção de contribuir para o controle da qualidade de potabilidade das águas subterrâneas de acordo com os limites estabelecidos pelo Ministério da Saúde (Portaria Nº 2914/2011) e Conselho Nacional de Meio Ambiente (Resolução Nº 396/2008). Os parâmetros físico-químicos estudados mostraram que nas águas subterrâneas coletadas em poços tubulares no bairro Da Paz e foram encontrados os valores mais altos de sólidos totais dissolvidos (175,0 a 271,8 mg L-1), condutividade elétrica (136,3 a 216,7 µS cm-1) e cor (5,0 a 15,0 uH), servindo de indicativos para identificação de possíveis atividades antropogênicas de contaminação na região, principalmente em relação à descarga de efluentes domésticos. Os resultados obtidos dos parâmetros físico-químicos para todas as amostras se apresentaram abaixo dos limites estabelecidos de potabilidade para águas subterrâneas de acordo com a legislação Brasileira.
Estudo sobre reciclagem da escória de aciaria em camadas de pavimentos
Authors: Bona Ana Carolina Duarte , Silveira Virlene Leite , Guimarães Antonio Carlos Rodrigues , Silva Camila Nascimento Padilha
Published: May 2020

Neste trabalho são apresentados perfis padrão de pavimentos contendo escória de aciaria LD como agregado em mistura asfáltica, mistura solo-escória e mistura escória-cimento. A escória de aciaria LD, foi caracterizada fisicamente pelos ensaios tradicionais de agregados de pavimentação. Foram realizados os ensaios de Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV), Espectroscopia de Energia Dispersiva (EDS) e Difração de Raios-X. Foram realizadas dosagens de misturas asfálticas tipo C.A.U.Q com a utilização do agregado alternativo e cimento com o uso de CAP 50/70, utilizando o método Marshall, sendo caracterizada mecanicamente, através dos ensaios de resistência à tração estática por compressão diametral, módulo de resiliência por compressão diametral e fadiga por compressão diametral à tensão controlada. Apresentam-se os resultados dos ensaios realizados com o solo utilizado na pesquisa. A mistura tipo C.A.U.Q obteve bons resultados de estabilidade, resistência à tração por compressão diametral e módulo resiliência. São apresentados os resultados do módulo resiliente das misturas solo-escória e solo-cimento. Foram elaboradostrês perfis padrão de pavimentos com a utilização do programa SisPav. Conclui-se que escória de aciaria LD é de uso favorável em pavimentos e contribui tanto economicamente quanto ambientalmente para o desenvolvimento sustentável.
Caracterização da ventilação natural em Tangará da Serra/MT, Brasil sob o viés da construção civil
Authors: Dallastra Mauricio , Silva Andreia Fernandes da , Spinelli Rodrigo , Konrad Odorico
Published: May 2020

A ventilação natural é, no Brasil, uma importante estratégia bioclimática para a promoção de conforto térmico em edificações. Este trabalho tem como objetivo desenvolver e avaliar a velocidade e direção dos ventos no município de Tangará da Serra/MT, com o intuito de contribuir como acervo científico de pesquisa para a concepção de projetos de arquitetura bioclimática. Para tanto, utilizou-se de dados de 2004 a 2014, fornecidos pelo Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia – INMET, a partir dos quais foram estabelecidos médias horários para cada dia do ano. Com isto, os resultados foram inseridos no softwareWRPlot, o qual fornece gráficos de frequência, indicando a velocidade e direção dos ventos. Assim, foi possível concluir que há uma variação na velocidade dos ventos nos períodos de estiagem e de chuva, sendo este o de menor intensidade. Também foi possível concluir que a velocidade dos ventos é variável em função do período do dia, verificando uma maior intensidade no período da tarde. Os gráficos também apresentaram que há uma predominância dos ventos nos sentidos Leste, Nordeste e Sudeste, além de demonstrar que a direção e velocidade dos ventos sofre variação ao longo das estações do ano.
Emissões de CO2 em Mato Grosso por veículos automotores
Authors: Pereira Thiago Ferreira , Muniz Claumir Cesar , Oliveira Junior Ernandes Sobreira
Published: May 2020

Altas taxas de Dióxido de Carbono (CO2) refletem o aumento na produção de veículos automotores devido ao alto consumo de combustíveis, sejam fósseis ou não exauríveis. Em regiões com maiores produções agrícolas o aumento da frota de veículos pesados leva, consequentemente, ao aumento do consumo de Diesel, o qual é um dos maiores poluentes atmosféricos. Sendo o Mato Grosso um grande centro de produção agrícola, essas emissões são altas, entretanto um inventário ainda é necessário em busca de medidas mitigatórias. Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo demonstrar a relação entre o aumento no consumo de combustíveis com as emissões de CO2 na atmosfera, comparando cidades com distintas atividades comerciais e baseando em anuários estatísticos. Nossos resultados indicam que há uma ascendência significativa na venda de combustíveis fósseis e não exauríveis o que levou a emissões altas de CO2 na atmosfera. Destacamos que o Diesel foi o combustível representando as maiores emissões, quase 5 vezes mais do que a Gasolina, e 6 vezes mais que o Etanol. A cidade da região Norte, com grandes produções agrícolas, foi responsável por consumir 4 vezes mais Diesel do que a cidade ao Sudoeste, pertencente à rotas de distribuição agrícola entre Estados, culminando em 2.7 vezes mais emissões no Norte do que no Sudoeste. Estes resultados fornecem um panorama do consumo de combustível no estado de Mato Grosso, bem como realça a necessidade de sensibilização quanto a redução dos gases de efeito estufa.
Influence of Machine Anvil Wear on Charpy Test Results
Authors: Lucon Enrico , Santoyo Raymond L.
Published: May 2020

We investigated the influence of the state of wear of Charpy machine anvils on
test results byperforming impact tests on NIST specimens of three energy levels with a
machine equipped with new anvils (compliant with both ASTM E23 [1] and ISO 148-2 [2])
and worn anvils (anvil corner radii and distance outside ASTM tolerances, but within ISO
tolerances). The results obtained, statistically analyzed, unequivocally show that worn
anvils tend to increase absorbed energy at all energy levels. On the other hand, data
variability does not appear to be significantly affected by anvil wear. This study
represents NIST contribution to an international effort spearheaded by the Japan Iron
and Steel Federation Standardization Center (Tokyo, Japan).
Éléments pour une analyse du non-engagement et du désengagement des jeunes comme processus sociaux
Authors: Garneau Stéphanie
Published: May 2020

Contre le modèle de l’intentionnalité de l’acteur, qui prétend que les acteurs sociaux font une évaluation relativement semblable et durable des avantages et des inconvénients d’un engagement militant, ainsi que contre le modèle des déterminants structurels, qui privilégie un regard sur les origines structurelles des mobilisations, les approches interactionnistes ont permis de renouveler l’étude de l’engagement militant en éclairant les processus complexes, à la fois micro, méso et macro sociaux, par lesquels les acteurs sociaux entrent dans un engagement et le font perdurer. Dans cet article, nous montrons, à partir d’exemples présents dans la littérature, qu’une approche interactionniste peut non seulement éclairer les processus d’engagement des jeunes, mais aussi leurs processus de désengagement, voire de non-engagement. Plus spécifiquement, nous explicitons en quoi l’analyse du désengagement des jeunes et de certaines formes de non-engagement comme des processus sociaux permet : 1) de comprendre les logiques interactionnelles et de mise en cohérence de soi qui poussent à la désaffection ou à la « carence » d’engagement; 2) de nous renseigner sur les conditions qui favorisent les engagements et leur maintien; et 3) de nous défaire de certaines interprétations normatives de la jeunesse.
Penser l’engagement : une démarche réflexive menée avec de jeunes élèves
Authors: Farmer Diane , Naimi Kevin
Published: May 2020

Dans ce texte, nous proposons une réflexion sur l’engagement et le désengagement en tenant compte des pratiques sociales et du potentiel, largement latent, que recèlent les situations d’action. Par cela, nous entendons les diverses possibilités inscrites dans les pratiques que le travail réflexif permet de ramener à la conscience. Nous avançons que le travail réflexif est une condition préalable à l’engagement au sens où il permet de restituer aux yeux des acteurs le lien occulté entre l’individu et son milieu. Inversement, le désengagement peut être compris comme la conséquence d’une rupture qui émerge entre la connaissance dont dispose l’individu et les moyens d’appliquer cette connaissance dans la société. Nous avons choisi d’examiner la situation de recherche en tant que moyen mis à notre disposition pour explorer le lien qui peut exister entre réflexivité et engagement. Nous mettons à profit des témoignages de jeunes d’une école secondaire en Ontario afin de réfléchir à la situation de recherche et explorer comment celle-ci peut devenir, en soi, une opportunité d’engagement pour les jeunes. Des dessins et extraits d’entretiens sont ainsi présentés afin de mettre en valeur le potentiel que revêt la situation ainsi que la capacité d’action, des jeunes participants, dans une réflexion sur l’engagement. De telles occasions peuvent donner un tout autre sens à la situation de recherche, au-delà et en dehors de la perspective que lui donne le chercheur.
Dégagement, participation et engagement culturel des jeunes : des concepts pour une problématique mouvante
Authors: Octobre Sylvie
Published: May 2020

L’engagement renvoie d’ordinaire à des formes de participation morale à des causes, recelant des promesses individuelles ou collectives : mariage, politique, travail, valeurs et vie associative sont des objets historiques de l’engagement, tandis que le loisir a longtemps été considéré comme le temps du dégagement des contraintes de la vie quotidienne, avant que la sociologie de la culture se penche sur les diverses formes de participation et leur intensité, des consommations et pratiques culturelles à l’amateurisme en passant par certaines « passions ordinaires » et aux expériences culturelles. Cet article entend proposer un retour réflexif sur les concepts mobilisés pour décrire la réalité sociologique de la participation culturelle, de la consommation culturelle et de la réception des biens culturels, afin de mettre en évidence tant les mutations du champ culturel lui-même que celles des postures d'observation des comportements culturels, ainsi que les effets de la structuration des champs disciplinaires. Ce faisant, on en sera amené à proposer un cadre d’analyse de l’engagement culturel qui articule action, horizon de référence, temporalité, principe générateur et disposition d’esprit. Ce cadre d’analyse, englobant, amène à considérer a priori de manière pragmatique du même oeil l’amateur de musique classique et le téléspectateur assidu d’une série … bref de défaire toute la série de préjugés qui a présidé à la distinction terminologique (et idéologique) entre consommation et pratique, et entre populaire et illégitime.
Et si l’exposition publique du privé était une manière de s’engager? Le sacrifice du privé comme stratégie d’autodétermination de Soi
Authors: Pastinelli Madeleine
Published: May 2020

Le développement qu’a connu l’individualisme en Occident depuis la seconde moitié du XXe siècle et le pressant besoin des individus de se singulariser et de se définir qui en a découlé a coïncidé avec un effritement constant de la frontière de la vie privée, les individus se montrant toujours plus enclins à raconter et à révéler publiquement les aspects les plus intimes de leur existence. Dans bien des contextes, notamment à la télévision et dans les médias sociaux, les formes biographiques d’exposition de la vie privée qui ont longtemps dominé ont été progressivement concurrencées et parfois remplacées par une mise en public du présent en train de se vivre. Au-delà du constat suivant lequel ces différents types de débordement du privé dans l’espace public tiennent de la quête de reconnaissance de chacun, que peut-on comprendre de l’évolution de l’exposition publique de la vie privée en regard des formes contemporaines de subjectivité ? Laissant de côté les lectures normatives du phénomène et m’appuyant sur la thèse de Charles Larmore concernant le caractère pratique de l’identité, je fais l’hypothèse que les nouvelles formes d’exhibition publique du privé constituent une forme d’engagement, permettant à l’individu de se constituer comme sujet dans la durée. Prenant appui sur une analyse exploratoire de l’émission de télé-réalité Occupation double, cet article développe la réflexion en lien avec cette hypothèse.
Systems That Learn
Authors: Jain Sanjay , Osherson Daniel N. , Royer James S. , Sharma Arun
Published: May 2020

Formal learning theory is one of several mathematical approaches to the study of intelligent adaptation to the environment. The analysis developed in this book is based on a number theoretical approach to learning and uses the tools of recursive-function theory to understand how learners come to an accurate view of reality. This revised and expanded edition of a successful text provides a comprehensive, self-contained introduction to the concepts and techniques of the theory. Exercises throughout the text provide experience in the use of computational arguments to prove facts about learning.

Bradford Books imprint
EZH2/H3K27Me3 and phosphorylated EZH2 predict chemotherapy response and prognosis in ovarian cancer
Authors: Sun Si , Yang Qiang , Cai E , Huang Bangxing , Ying Feiquan , Wen Yiping , Cai Jing , Yang Ping
Published: May 2020

Background

EZH2 acts as an oncogene through canonical pathway EZH2/H3K27Me3 and uncanonical pathway pAkt1/pS21EZH2 in many solid tumors including ovarian cancer. However, the clinical value of EZH2/H3K27Me3 and pAkt1/pS21EZH2 remain unclear. In the current study, we aim to investigate the correlation between these two pathways to clinical-pathological parameters and prognosis.

Methods

EZH2, H3K27Me3, pAkt1 and pS21EZH2 expression were evaluated by tissue micro-array and immunohistochemistry in a cohort of ovarian cancer patients. The results were analyzed based on clinical characteristics and survival outcomes.

Results

EZH2, H3K27Me3, pAkt1 and pS21EZH2 were universally expressed in ovarian cancer specimens with a positive expression rate of 81.54% (53/65), 88.89% (48/54), 63.07% (41/65) and 75.38% (49/65). EZH2-pS21EZH2 (Spearman r = 0.580, P < 0.0001) and pS21EZH2-pAkt1 (Spearman r = 0.546, P < 0.0001) were closely correlated while EZH2- H3K27Me3 were less closely correlated (Spearman r = 0.307, P = 0.002). Low pS21EZH2 associated with better chemotherapy response (OR = 0.184; 95% CI [0.052–0.647], P = 0.008) according to logistic regression with an area under the curve of 0.789 (specificity 89.36%, sensitivity 68.42%) by ROC analysis and predicted improved progression-free survival (HR = 0.453; 95% CI [0.229–0.895], P = 0.023) as indicated by multivariate cox regression. A combination of EZH2low/H3K27Me3low status predicted better chemotherapy response (OR = 0.110; 95% CI [0.013–0.906], P = 0.040) and better progression-free survival (HR = 0.388; 95% CI [0.164–0.917], P = 0.031). The results suggested that EZH2/H3K27Me3 and pEZH2 predicted chemotherapy response and progression-free survival in ovarian cancer.
Physicochemical, Bacteriological and Biochemical Assessment of Water Samples from Unprotected Wells in Lagos State Metropolis
Authors: Ogunware Adedayo Emmanuel , Adedigba Pelumi Abimbola , Oyende Yetunde Ebunlomo , Adekoya Adesewa Adeyinka , Daramola Abosede Racheal
Published: May 2020

Aims: This study presents the results of the physicochemical parameter data and water quality index use to assess the quality of unprotected well water in Lagos southwest, Nigeria.

Methodology: 20 water samples were collected from selected locations namely; PPL, Okokomaiko, Cassidy, Iba express and Iba junction and they were analyzed for 7 physical parameters (temperature of the water, temperature of air, colour, odor, turbidity, conductivity, total dissolved solids) and 7 chemical parameters (pH, iron, Total Alkalinity, Total Hardness, Chloride, organic matter and residual chlorine).

Results: The result showed that 5 (25%) samples had pH below the NSDWQ limit for drinking water quality and 10 (50%) samples had conductivity that were above the standard limit. 15 (75%) samples had Total dissolve solid that were above the standard limit. All other physicochemical parameters were within the NSDWQ. Microbiological analyses were done to assess the total plate count and the coliform count of the water samples and the results showed that 9 samples had colonies that were too numerous to count exceeding the permissible limit of 100 CFU/ml set by WHO. The coliform count of the water samples showed that the MPN per 100 ml of all the water samples were above the WHO limit by having results greater than 1. The IMViC result showed that Klebsiella species and Enterobacter species were found in 6 plates (30%), Citrobacter species were found in 7 plates (35%) and Escherichia species were found in 7 plates (35%).

Conclusions: This result highlight that the well water in these areas are not safe for human consumption without additional treatment such as boiling or addition of disinfectants, therefore there is need to enlighten the consumers around these researched study areas to at least disinfect and filtrate their well water before drinking in order to avoid outbreak of waterborne diseases. Physicochemical
Employee Rewards and Its Performance Implication: A South Eastern Nigeria Experience
Authors: Emejulu Gerald
Published: May 2020

The seeming unending controversy between employers and employees in the workplace which have most often led to some sort of faceoff between both parties necessitated this study which looked at employee rewards and how it impacts on job performance of civil servants in South East of Nigeria. The work was anchored on Victor Vroom’s Expectancy Theory. Descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. The population of the study was 26,741 civil servants from South Eastern States of Nigeria. A sample size of 5136 was arrived at through the application of Borg and Gall method. Data were collected using structured questionnaire and were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient while hypotheses were tested at 0.05 (5%) significance level. The study revealed that there was a statistical significant relationship between employee recognition and performance in civil service in South East of Nigeria (r = .819, p-value < 0.05) and that there was a statistical significant relationship between staff development and employee performance in civil service in South East of Nigeria (r = .586, p-value < 0.05). Sequel to this, it was concluded that reward systems has significant performance implication for civil servants. Following this, it was recommended among other things that it is the duty of government to fashion out best methods of recognizing employees who distinguish themselves while carrying out their assigned tasks and that government needs to always identify training needs of the workers through effective performance appraisal and staff development practices.
Introducing Hurdle_T as a Count Regression Model with High Potency in Solving Problems
Authors: Akpofure Ojekudo, Nathaniel , Paul Akpan, Nsikan
Published: May 2020

Count data regression models exhibit different strengths and weaknesses in their bids to solving problems. The study considers six count models namely Poisson Regression Model (PRM), Negative Regression Model (NBRM), Zero Inflated Poisson (ZIP), Zero Inflated Negative Binomial (ZINB), Zero Truncated Poisson (ZTP) and Zero Truncated Negative Binomial (ZTNB) and an additional model called hurdle_T. These models are used to analyze two health data sets. The data on male breast cancer reveals that male breast cancer cuts across all age brackets or categories but it is more prevalent between the ages of 50 and 60. The PRM yields a better result than the NBRM in the case of cancer data as shown by the information criteria. The analysis of the second data, which is on doctor’s visit reveals that ZINB yields a better result than the other five models, followed by NBRM, then the ZTNB before their Poisson counterparts. The hurdle_T model shows the propensity of each coefficient as reflected by the positive count in the Tobit (Binary) model. The study also shows that at 65 years and above, gender has significant effect on doctor’s visit. In particular, females, more than males attract more doctors’ visit in the said age range. Government policies should provide more funds in the health sector to accommodate cancer cases in terms of the provision of awareness, studies/ research and infrastructural development. Males should be encouraged to visit clinics especially in their late forties and above for breast cancer related checkup. At age 65 and above, doctors visit to patients are frequent, especially to females. Policy of government in the health sector should accommodate a favourable adjustment in the budget to take care of doctors’ visit.
Agronomic Evaluation of Fodder Sorghum Varieties under Different Dates of Sowing
Authors: Saimaheswari K. , Prathima T. , Subramanyam D. , Latha P.
Published: May 2020

A field study conducted during the summer season of 2018 at S.V. Agricultural College, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, to evaluate the sowing time and varieties on growth, yield and quality of fodder sorghum. The results revealed that plant height, dry matter production, leaf area, stem diameter, leaf stem ratio significantly decreased with delay in sowing from I FN of January to II FN of February at all stages of plant growth. Significantly higher crude protein and ash contents were observed with the crop sown during I fortnight of January. Late sowing of the crop during II fortnight of February recorded higher crude fibre. Among various varieties tested, higher growth parameters, green and dry fodder yields were recorded with CSV 32 F than rest of varieties. CSV 32 F has recorded highest crude protein and ash content, while the higher crude fibre content was recorded with CSV 21 F. The highest gross returns, net returns and benefit-cost ratio were obtained when the crop is sown during I FN of January which was significantly superior to other times of sowing. Among tested varieties, CSV 32 F variety recorded significantly higher returns.
Survival Pattern and Toxin Production of Pathogens in Spiced and Non Spiced Fried Rice
Authors: Olanbiwoninu Afolake Atinuke , Oluwaniran Oluwatooni , Oladosu Faidah , Banwo Kolawole , Odunfa Sunday
Published: May 2020

Aims: There is no data regarding the survival rate of pathogens in party foods held at different temperature and time interval in Nigeria. Hence, the need to study the survival rate of selected food borne pathogens in Fried rice (spiced and non – spiced) served at parties, monitor toxin production and the rate at which it is produced with respect to time and holding temperature as well as determine the effect of spices on the survival of food pathogens.

Place and Duration of Study: Lagelu and Ibadan North Local Government Authority Area of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria, between May 2017 and September 2017.

Methodology: We obtained 10 fried rice samples (5 spiced and 5 non- spiced) from different parties inside sterile food warmers and transferred to the Food Microbiology Laboratory. Pathogens inoculated were obtained from the culture collection unit of the Food Microbiology laboratory and they were Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli. Inoculum size of the pathogens was determined prior to inoculation. Initial temperature of the fried rice sample was taken and after inoculation, samples were taken at an interval of 2 hours to determine the survival rate of the pathogens. Brine Shrimp Lethality (BSL) assay was used to determine the level of toxin produced.

Results: The microbial load of all pathogens inoculated increased from its initial size as the holding temperature reduces and holding time increases. For E. coli, there was an increase from 5.3 log10CFU/g to 9.3 log10CFU/g and 8.3 log10CFU/g in non–spiced fried rice and spiced fried rice, respectively, initial load for S. typhi also increase from 4.1 log10CFU/g to 9.1 and 8.4, for B. cereus and S. aureus there was an increase form 6.3 log10CFU/g to 9.0 and 8.4 for non-spiced and spiced rice respectively. Toxicity test shows that the lethal dose was high at 8 hours (LC50:1.5) which connotes that the toxicity was high at this holding time.

Conclusion: Holding cooked foods at ambient temperature for 6 h or longer without appropriate reheating constitute a major critical control point for party food. Keeping foods at the right temperatures is an essential food safety practice. Adequate knowledge and application of this by caterers will reduce the rate of food borne illness in the country.
Vitreomacular Interphase Disorders in Eyes with Proliferative Sickle Cell Retinopathy
Authors: Oderinlo Olufemi , Hassan Adekunle , Okonkwo Ogugua
Published: May 2020

Purpose: To describe the type of vitreomacula interface disorders (VID) seen in eyes with proliferative sickle cell retinopathy, based on optical coherence tomography findings and assess their effect on visual acuity.

Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective observational case study. Clinical records and imaging records were reviewed to identify all PSR cases with Fourier-domain OCT imaging showing VIDs at a single academic private-practice office location from January 1, 2015 to July 30, 2018. Identified VIDs were classified as Vitreomacula Adhesions, Vitreomacula Traction, Lamellar Macula Hole, Full Thickness Macula Hole, Epiretina membranes and Macula Pseudohole.

Results: Out of a total of 98 eyes of 78 patients with PSR evaluated, only 12 eyes had VIDs; this represents 12.2% of PSR patients. There were 3 (25%) males and 9 (75%) females with ages ranging from 32 to 64 years, a mean age of 45.42yrs [SD 10.27], 9(75%) right eyes were affected. In 9(75%) patients their genotype was SC and 3(25%) with genotype SS. PSR was at stage 3 in 6(50%) eyes, while the remaining 6(eyes) were at stage 4. The most common VID was epiretina membranes (ERM) seen in 7(58.3%)eyes, in 2(16.6%) ERMs eyes were associated with Lamella Macula Holes and in 1(8.3%) the ERM was associated with a pseudohole. VMAs were seen in in 3(25%) eyes and FTMHs were seen in 2 (16.6%) eyes. ERMs were thus seen in 7.1% (7 eyes) of the 98 eyes with PSR that were considered.

Conclusion: Epiretina membranes with or without macular holes are the most common vitreomacular interphase disorders seen in our series of eyes with proliferative sickle cell retinopathy. They were associated with mild to moderate impairment in visual acuity.
Land Conflicts and Land Tenure Effects on Agriculture Productivity in Chad
Authors: Djekonbe Djimoudjiel , Gautier Tchoffo Tameko
Published: May 2020

The objective of this article is to measure the extent of land conflicts on agricultural productivity and yields in the most conflict-prone regions of Chad. We obtained the results that, the interaction of land conflicts in agricultural activity is a barrier to productivity and the improvement of agricultural yields. The effects of climate change on yields and productivity are dwindled by government reforms and subventions in the agriculture' sector. Hence, we recommend the government to promote customary land tenure to reduce conflict and in another hand to trace transhumance corridors to support the State's agricultural reform efforts.
A Quasi‐Solid‐State Tristate Reversible Electrochemical Mirror Device with Enhanced Stability
Authors: Eh Alice Lee‐Sie , Chen Jingwei , Yu Shu Hearn , Thangavel Gurunathan , Zhou Xinran , Cai Guofa , Li Shaohui , Chua Daniel H. C. , Lee Pooi See
Published: May 2020

Reversible electrochemical mirror (REM) electrochromic devices with electrochemical tunability in multiple optical states are exciting alternatives to conventional electrochromic smart windows. Electrochromic devices are studied extensively, yet widespread adoptions have not been achieved due to problems associated with durability, switching speed, limited options on optical states, and cost. In this study, a REM electrochromic device based on CuSn alloy is developed, which offers highly reversible switching between transparent, greyish‐blue, and mirror states via reversible electrodeposition and dissolution. The alloying element, Sn acts as an electrochemical mediator, which facilitates the electrodeposition and dissolution of Cu. The CuSn‐based REM device shows superior cycling stability for 2400 cycles (transmittance mode) and 1000 cycles (reflectance mode). The electrodeposited CuSn alloy film is resistant to surface oxidation in ambient air, with a 2.9% difference in reflectance at 2000 nm after 3 days. In addition, the alloy film exhibits excellent NIR reflectance property with thermal modulation of 18.5 °C at a high temperature of 180 °C. The REM device with zero power consumption maintains its mirror state for at least 100 min, making it a promising candidate for energy‐efficient applications.
Dual‐Functionalized Crescent Microgels for Selectively Capturing and Killing Cancer Cells
Authors: Liu Qian , Yuan Zhenyu , Guo Xuhong , van Esch Jan H.
Published: May 2020

In cancer therapy, the selective targeting of cancer cells while avoiding side effects to normal cells is still full of challenges. Here, we developed dual‐functionalized crescent microgels, which selectively captured and killed lung cancer cells in situ without killing other cells. Crescent microgels with the inner surface of the cavity functionalized with antibody and containing glucose oxidase (GOX) in the gel matrix have been produced in a microfluidic device. These microgels presented high affinity and good selectivity to lung cancer cells and retained them inside the cavities for extended periods of time. Exposing the crescent hydrogels to physiological concentrations of glucose leads to the production of a locally high concentration of H2O2 inside the microgels’ cavities, due to the catalytic action by GOX inside the gel matrix, which selectively killed 90 % cancer cells entrapped in the microgel cavities without killing the cells outside. Our strategy to create synergy between different functions by incorporating them in a single microgel presents a novel approach to therapeutic systems, with potentially broad applications in smart materials, bioengineering and biomedical fields.