bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis for Development of Mocaf-Based Functional Food Industry in Indonesia
Authors: Triyono Budi , Handoyo Setiowiji , Laili Nur
Published: January 2020

Indonesia is a country having abundant natural resources, including nutritious plants as a source of food and medicine. Along with the increasing public awareness of the importance of healthy living, there is a great shift in the demand of food. At present, people do not only want foods that have good nutritional composition as well as attractive appearance and taste, but also the ones that have certain physiological functions for the body. The foods that have such functions are known as functional foods. One ingredient that has the potential to be developed into functional food is mocaf flour. It is made from cassava which is made from the fermentation principle by modifying the cassava cells. This study aims to reveal the conditions for the development of the functional food industry made from mocaf flour in Indonesia using the value chain approach. This study was a qualitative research by using multiple case studies along the value chain. The data were collected from review of secondary data, in-depth interviews, and observations in each case study. The case study locus was the center of the mocaf-based food industry in West Java. The results showed that (i) the mocaf-based functional food industry in Indonesia was not developed; (ii) the development of mocaf-based industries was constrained by the high cost of cassava raw materials; (iii) the productivity of cassava plants was still low; (iv) the role of R & D institutions was very much needed; and (v) government intervention is needed.JEL Classification:  L88, O00, Q18
The Implementation of Clique Strategy in Regrouping Program to Increase Farmer’s Interest and Loyalty in Sugarcane Farming
Authors: Permadhi Danang , Dianpratiwi Trikuntari
Published: January 2020

The area size of sugarcane planting nationally shows a decrease. This is also marked by a decrease in the interest of farmers planting sugarcane and low loyalty to the sugar factory. In 2014, the government established a sugarcane management regrouping program. The regrouping program provides benefits for the efficiency of sugarcane planting, more effective in cutting and transport processes, forging farmer group and sugar factory, and increasing farmers' loyalty to the sugar factory.  The weakness of the regrouping program is that it emphasizes technical aspects only. The criterion of the social aspect is essential because this always saves problems related to communication networks and establishing cooperation. Through the clique strategy, this can conduct a communication network analysis in regrouping. Regrouping programs can build social interaction and communication networks. The form and level of communication network structure in the regrouping program can place actors or farmers build communication networks and cooperate in sugarcane farming. Understanding the role of cooperation networks between farmers or groups determines the success of regrouping sugarcane.JEL Classification:  P32, O35, Q18
USING MODIFICATION OF PRIM’S ALGORITHM AND GNU OCTAVE AND TO SOLVE THE MULTIPERIODS INSTALLATION PROBLEM
Authors: Wamiliana Wamiliana , Usman M. , Warsito Warsito , Warsono Warsono , Daoud Jamal I.
Published: January 2020

The Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) is one of the famous problems that is used mostly as the backbone in many network design problems. Given a graph G(V,E), where V is the set of vertices and E is the set of edges connecting vertices in V, and for every edge eij there is an associated weight cij ?0. The Multi Period Degree Constrained Minimum Spanning Tree (MPDCMST) is a problem of finding an MST while also considering the degree constrained on every vertex, and satisfying vertices installation requirement on every period. Two algorithms (WWM1 and WWM2) are proposed for solving this problem. GNU OCTAVE is used for coding and visualization. GNU is a recursive acronym for "GNU's Not Unix!", and that name is chosen because it is like Unix but differs from Unix because it is free and contains no Unix code. Those algorithms were implemented using 300 randomly generated problems. Moreover, we compare WWM1 and WWM2 algorithms using existing data from the literature and the results show that WWM2 is the best.

ABSTRAK: Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) merupakan salah satu masalah mahsyur yang banyak digunakan sebagai tulang belakang kepada masalah banyak rekaan jaringan. Menerusi graf G(V,E), di mana V adalah himpunan titik dan E adalah himpunan garis yang menghubungkan titik-titik dalam V, dan bagi setiap garis eij terdapat berat berhubung cij ?0, Multi-period Degree Constrained Minimum Spanning Tree (MPDCMST) merupakan masalah dalam menentukan MST, pada masa sama turut menimbangkan kekangan pada setiap titik vertek, dan memenuhi syarat keperluan pemasangan pada setiap detik. Dua algoritma (WWM1 dan WWM2) dicadangkan bagi menyelesaikan masalah ini. GNU OCTAVE digunakan bagi pengaturcaraan dan visualisasi.  GNU merupakan suatu singkatan kepada “GNU's Not Unix”, dan nama tersebut dipilih karena ianya seperti Unix, tetapi berbeza dari Unix kerana ia percuma dan tidak mempunyai kod Unix. Algoritma tersebut dilaksana dengan menggunakan 300 masalah terhasil secara rawak. Tambahan, algoritma WWM1 dan WWM2 dibandingkan dengan kajian terdahulu dan hasil kajian menunjukkan WWM2 adalah terbaik.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE REGULARIZATION OF THE SOLUTION OF THE PLATE HEAT TRANSFER PROBLEMS
Authors: Akter Farjana Farjana , Abdumalik Rakhimov  , Ahsan Ali Khan  , Torla bin Hj Hasan
Published: January 2020

Optimization of the regularization of the Fourier series in the case of a steady state heat transfer plate and heat transfer insulated plate problems are investigated and the regularization of the series solutions at a fixed point on the plates are studied at initial time and critical index.

ABSTRAK: Pengoptimuman aturan siri Fourier telah dikaji pada keadaan tetap masalah plat pindah haba dan plat penebat pindah haba. Penyelesaian bersiri secara aturan pada titik tetap plat telah dikaji pada masa mula dan indeks penting.
STEMMING IMPACT ANALYSIS ON INDONESIAN QURAN TRANSLATION AND THEIR TAFSIR CLASSIFICATION FOR ONTOLOGY INSTANCES
Authors: Utomo Fandy Setyo , Suryana Nanna , Sanusi Azmi Mohd
Published: January 2020

The current gap which appears in the Quran ontology population domain is stemming impact analysis on Indonesian Quran translation and their Tafsir to develop ontology instances. The existing studies of stemming effect analysis performed in various languages, dataset, stemming method, cases, and classifier. However, there is a lack of literature that studies about stemming influence on instances classification for Quran ontology with different dataset, classifier, Quran translation, and their Tafsir on Indonesian. Based on this problem, our study aims to investigate and analyze the stemming impact on instances classification results using Indonesian Quran translation and their Tafsir as datasets with multiple supervised classifiers. Our classification framework consists of text pre-processing, feature extraction, and text classification stage. Sastrawi stemmer was used to perform stemming operation in text pre-processing stage. Based on our experiment results, it was found that Support Vector Machine (SVM) with Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) and stemming operation owns the best classification performance, i.e., 70.75% for accuracy and 71.55% for precision in Indonesian Quran translation dataset on 20% test data size. While in 30% test data size, SVM and TF-IDF with stemming process own the best classification performance, i.e., 67.30% for accuracy and 68.10% for precision in Ministry of Religious Affairs Indonesia dataset. Furthermore, in this study, it was also discovered that the Backpropagation Neural Network has the most precision and accuracy reduction due to the negative impact of stemming operations.
PARALLEL PROCESS DISCOVERY USING A NEW TIME-BASED ALPHA++ MINER
Authors: Effendi Yutika Amelia , Sarno Riyanarto
Published: January 2020

A lot of services in business processes lead information systems to build huge amounts of event logs that are difficult to observe. The event log will be analysed using a process discovery technique to mine the process model by implementing some well-known algorithms such as deterministic algorithms and heuristic algorithms. All of the algorithms have their own benefits and limitations in analysing and discovering the event log into process models. This research proposed a new Time-based Alpha++ Miner with an improvement of the Alpha++ Miner and Modified Time-based Alpha Miner algorithm. The proposed miner is able to consider noise traces, loop, and non-free choice when modelling a process model where both of original algorithms cannot override those issues. A new Time-based Alpha++ Miner utilizing Time Interval Pattern can mine the process model using new rules defined by the time interval pattern using a double-time stamp event log and define sequence and parallel (AND, OR, and XOR) relation. The original miners are only able to discover sequence and parallel (AND and XOR) relation. To know the differences between the original Alpha++ Miner and the new one including the process model and its relations, the evaluation using fitness and precision was done in this research. The results presented that the process model obtained by a new Time-based Alpha++ Miner was better than that of the original Alpha++ Miner algorithm in terms of parallel OR, handling noise, fitness value, and precision value.

ABSTRAK: Banyak sistem perniagaan perkhidmatan menghasilkan sejumlah besar log data maklumat yang payah dipantau. Log data ini akan dianalisis menggunakan teknik proses penemuan bagi memperoleh model proses dengan menerapkan beberapa algoritma terkenal, seperti algoritma deterministik dan algoritma heuristik. Semua algoritma ini memiliki kehebatan dan kekurangannya dalam menganalisis dan mencari log data ke dalam model proses. Kajian ini mencadangkan Time-based Alpha++ Miner baru yang merupakan pembaharuan dari algoritma Alpha++ Miner dan Modified Time-based Alpha Miner. Algoritma baru ini dapat mempertimbangkan kesan bunyi, pusingan, dan pilihan tidak bebas ketika memodelkan model proses di mana kedua algoritma asal tidak dapat menggantikan isu tersebut. Time-based Alpha++ Miner baru mengguna pakai Pola Interval Waktu berjaya memperoleh model proses menggunakan peraturan baru berdasarkan Pola Interval Waktu menggunakan log peristiwa waktu-ganda dan menentukan jujukan dan hubungan selari (AND, OR, dan XOR). Dibandingkan algoritma asal, ia hanya dapat menemukan jujukan dan hubungan selari (AND dan XOR). Bagi membezakan Alpha++ Miner asal dan yang baru termasuk model proses dan kaitannya, penilaian menggunakan nilai padanan dan penelitian telah dijalankan dalam kajian ini. Hasil kajian model proses yang diperoleh oleh Time-based Alpha++ Miner baru, adalah lebih baik keputusannya berbanding menggunakan algoritma Alpha++ Miner asal, berdasarkan hubungan selari OR, bunyi kawalan, nilai padanan, dan nilai penelitian.
AN ENHANCED PACKET SCHEDULING ALGORITHM FOR THE DOWNLINK COGNITIVE LONG TERM EVOLUTION-ADVANCED
Authors: Mohd Ramli Huda Adibah , Mansor Mohamad 'Ismat Hafizi
Published: January 2020

A packet scheduling algorithm known as Enhanced Maximum-Largest Weighted Delay First (EM-LWDF) is proposed in this paper. It aims to maximize the number of Real Time (RT) and Non Real Time (NRT) users that meet their desired Quality of Service (QoS) in the cognitive Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A). This cognitive LTE-A allows its Component Carriers (CCs) to be combined with licensed CCs from another system. This enables the LTE-A to further expand the available bandwidth for packet transmission. The EM-LWDF algorithm decides the priority of each user on the basis of the desired QoS of each packet, the urgency of each packet, channel quality and the average throughput. The potential of this algorithm is validated via computer simulation where it is able to simultaneously maximize more users that meet their desired QoS in realistic RT and NRT multimedia of the downlink cognitive LTE-A.

ABSTRAK: Algoritma penjadualan paket yang dikenali sebagai Enhanced Maximum-Largest Weighted Delay First (EM-LWDF) dicadangkan dalam kertas ini. Ia bertujuan untuk memaksimumkan bilangan pengguna Real Time (RT) dan Non Real Time (NRT) yang memenuhi Kualiti Perkhidmatan yang dikehendaki (QoS) dalam system kognitif Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A). Kognitif LTE-A ini membolehkan Carrier Component (CC) untuk digabungkan dengan CC berlesen dari sistem lain. Ini membolehkan LTE-A untuk memperluaskan jalur lebar yang tersedia bagi penghantaran paket. Algoritma EM-LWDF menentukan keutamaan setiap pengguna berdasarkan QoS yang dikehendaki dari setiap paket, kecemasan setiap paket, kualiti saluran dan purata penghantaran. Potensi algoritma ini disahkan melalui simulasi komputer di mana ia dapat memaksimumkan lebih banyak pengguna yang memenuhi QoS yang dikehendaki mereka dalam realistik RT dan NRT multimedia dari downlink sistem kognitif LTE-A.
NUMERICAL ALGORITHM FOR FINDING OPTIMAL INITIAL CONCENTRATIONS OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS
Authors: Mustafina Svetlana , Andrey Andrey Antipin , Antipina Evgenia , Mustafina Sofia Mustafina , Odinokova Elena , Tuchkina Larisa , Kolyazov Konstantin Kolyazov
Published: January 2020

This article is devoted to the problem of developing methods for mathematical modelling in the sphere of optimal planning in a chemical experiment. In the article, the problem of finding the optimal ratio for initial concentrations of substances is formulated in general terms and an algorithm for solving this problem is constructed basing on the method of artificial immune systems. The developed algorithm for finding the optimal initial concentrations of substances allows solving the problem of experiment planning in chemistry at the computational experiment stage. In this case, the solution of the optimization problem found with its help does not depend on the choice of the initial approximation. The algorithm was tested for the industrially meaningful process of benzilidenebenzilamine  synthesis for which the optimum values of the initial concentrations were calculated in order to obtain maximum yield of the reaction product.

ABSTRAK: Artikel ini ditujukan untuk masalah mengembangkan kaedah pemodelan matematik dalam bidang perancangan optimum dalam percubaan kimia. Dalam artikel itu, masalah mencari nisbah optimum untuk konsentrasi awal bahan digubal secara umum dan algoritma untuk menyelesaikan masalah ini dibina berdasarkan kaedah sistem imun buatan. Algoritma yang dibangunkan untuk mencari kandungan konsentrasi awal yang optimum membolehkan menyelesaikan masalah perancangan percubaan dalam kimia pada peringkat percubaan pengkomputeran. Dalam kes ini, penyelesaian masalah pengoptimuman yang didapati dengan bantuannya tidak bergantung pada pilihan permulaan awal. Algoritma ini telah diuji untuk proses sintesis benzilidenebenzilamin yang bermakna industri yang mana nilai-nilai optimum kepekatan awal dikira untuk mendapatkan hasil maksimum produk reaksin.
NUMERICAL STUDY OF ARGON EFFECT ON NITROGEN SEPARATION FROM AIR BY PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION
Authors: Abdulbasit Hassan Mahdi  , Salih Suhaib , Heba Sa’ady Ayuob  , Tushar Ghosh
Published: January 2020

A mathematical model was used to design four modes of two-bed pressure swing adsorption (PSA) process to investigate argon presence in the feed mixture. The effect of operating parameters such as cycle time, pressure equalization, adsorption pressure, and purging flow rate was investigated. The model was validated with experimental data of nitrogen separation from the air by a single bed adsorber on carbon molecular sieve (CMS). A good agreement with experimental data is obtained. In the PSA process, higher purity of nitrogen (99.7%) was detected by mode 4 when the feed mixture was free of argon (O2: 21%, N2:79%). While the nitrogen purity was only 98.0% in the state of argon presence in the feed mixture (O2: 21%, N2: 78%, Ar: 1%). The results showed that the cycle time had insignificant effect whereas the pressure equalization and purging at low vacuum pressure had a significant effect on the process performance.

ABSTRAK: Model matematik digunakan bagi membina empat mod terdiri daripada tekanan dua-turus proses penyerapan buai (PSA) bagi menyiasat kehadiran argon dalam campuran pakan. Kesan parameter beroperasi seperti masa kitaran, penyamaan tekanan, tekanan penyerapan, dan kadar aliran penyingkiran disiasat. Model matematik tersebut disiasat melalui data eksperimen pemisahan nitrogen dari udara melalui penyerapan turus tunggal pada penapis molekular karbon (CMS). Data eksperimen yang bagus diperoleh. Dalam proses PSA, mod keempat menghasilkan ketulenan nitrogen (99.7%) lebih tinggi apabila campuran pakan bebas argon (O2: 21%, N2:79%). Sementara itu, ketulenan nitrogen hanya 98.0% apabila terdapat kehadiran argon dalam campuran pakan (O2: 21%, N2: 78%, Ar: 1%). Kajian menunjukkan masa kitaran memberi kesan tidak signifikan sementara penyamaan tekanan  dan penyingkiran pada tekanan vakum rendah mempunyai kesan signifikan terhadap prestasi proses.
DIABETES DIAGNOSIS BASED ON KNN
Authors: Ali Ameer , Alrubei Mohammed A. T. , Hassan Laith Falah Mohammed , Al-Ja'afari Mohannad A. M. , Abdulwahed Saif H.
Published: January 2020

Diabetes is a life-threatening syndrome occurring around the world; it can have huge complications and is documented by large amounts of medical data. Therefore, attempts at early detection of this disease took a large area of research and many methods were used to deal with diabetes. In this paper, different types of KNN algorithm have been used to classify diabetes disease using Matlab. The dataset was generated by the criteria of the American diabetes association. For the training stage, 4900 samples have been used by the classifier learner tool to observe the results. Then, 100 of the data samples were used for the test. The results show that the KNN types (Fine, Weighted, Medium and Cubic) give high accuracy over the Coarse and the Cosine methods. Fine KNN is considered the most suitable according to its accuracy of classified samples.

ABSTRAK: Penyakit kencing manis adalah sindrom penyakit ancaman nyawa yang berlaku di seluruh dunia dan ia mempunyai data perubatan yang besar serta komplikasi tinggi. Oleh itu, cubaan dalam mengesan awal penyakit ini mempunyai potensi luas dalam kajian dan banyak kaedah telah digunakan bagi mengkaji penyakit kencing manis. Dalam kajian ini, pelbagai jenis algoritma KNN telah digunakan bagi mengelas penyakit kencing manis menggunakan Matlab. Setdata dihasilkan berdasarkan kriteria Kesatuan Kencing Manis Amerika. Pada peringkat latihan, sebanyak 4900 sampel telah digunakan oleh pelatih alat pengelasan bagi memantau dapatan kajian. Kemudian, 100 daripada sampel data telah digunakan bagi ujian. Keputusan menunjukkan jenis KNN (Halus, Berat, Sederhana dan Kubik) lebih tepat berbanding kaedah Kasar dan Kosinus. KNN Halus di dapati lebih sesuai berdasarkan ketepatan sampel pengelasan.
ADAPTIVE SYSTEM OF FUZZY-LOGICAL REGULATION BY THE TEMPERATURE MODE OF THE DRUM BOILER
Authors: Umurzakova Dilnoza , Siddikov Isamiddin , Siddikov Isamiddin , Bakhrieva Hurshida
Published: January 2020

The article discusses the creation of an adaptive system for managing dynamic objects based on neuro-fuzzy technology. This technology is used to actively identify and create temperature control algorithms for the superheated steam of a drum boiler in the presence of disturbances associated with a change in load. To solve this problem, the use of a fuzzy-logical controller is proposed. The rule base of this regulator is defined. A technique is proposed for determining the optimal number of neurons and the number of hidden layers. The neuro-fuzzy model of the controller is presented in the form of a multilayer neural network without feedback, which is characterized by a simple implementation in practice. The use of a fuzzy-logical controller gives the automatic control system the ability to maintain technological parameters at a given level in the presence of external disturbing influences, and also makes it possible to efficiently control the process.

ABSTRAK: Artikel ini membincangkan rekaan sistem penyesuaian bagi mengurus objek dinamik berdasarkan teknologi neura-kabur. Teknologi ini digunakan bagi mengenal pasti secara aktif dan mencipta algoritma kawalan suhu bagi stim melampau panas dalam drum dandang dengan kehadiran gangguan berkaitan perubahan beban. Bagi menyelesaikan masalah ini, penggunaan pengawal logik-kabur telah dicadangkan. Asas peraturan bagi pengaturan ini ditentukan. Satu teknik dicadangkan bagi mendapat bilangan optima neuron dan bilangan lapisan tersembunyi. Model neura-kabur pengawal ini dikemukakan dalam bentuk rangkaian neural berlapis tanpa suap balik, bercirikan praktik pelaksanaan mudah. Penggunaan pengawal logik-kabur memberi sistem kawalan automatik kebolehan mengekalkan parameter teknologi pada tahap tertentu dengan kehadiran pengaruh gangguan luar, dan juga memberi kebolehan proses kawalan yang cekap.
STUDY OF MICROSTRIP PATCH ARRAY ANTENNA FOR SIDE LOBE SUPPRESSION IN THE X-BAND REGION USING UNIFORM, BINOMIAL AND TSCHEBYSCHEFF EXCITATION METHODS
Authors: Mohamad Sarah Yasmin , Ruslan Ahmad Alhadi , Badron Khairayu , Ismail Ahmad Fadzil , Abdul Malek Norun Farihah , Mohd Isa Farah Nadia
Published: January 2020

In this paper, a microstrip patch array antenna is designed and simulated to operate in the X-band frequency region at 9.5 GHz. For X-band communication transmission, it is necessary to suppress the side lobe radiation pattern of the antenna as much as possible to avoid the transmission being intercepted and/or received by undesirable neighbouring satellites. The geometrical design of the microstrip patch array antenna is simulated and executed using CST Microwave Studio (CST MWS) in order to study the effects of various antenna parameters such as S11, gain, directivity, side lobe level, and angular width. It is shown that the proposed antenna exhibits a low side lobe level of -14.2 dB with an acceptable high gain and directivity of 16.5 dB and 17.7 dB, respectively. The antenna configuration also has a size of only 285 mm × 59.275 mm which is much more compact and lightweight compared to the standard reflector antennas that are used for most X-band communication transmission.

ABSTRAK:  Kajian ini berkaitan antena cantuman barisan jalurmikro yang direka dan disimulasi beroperasi pada 9.5 GHz frekunsi daerah jalur-X. Pada transmisi komunikasi jalur-X, corak radiasi sisi-lobus antena perlu ditahan sebanyak mungkin bagi mengelak transmisi dipintas dan/atau diterima oleh satelit tetangga yang tidak di ingini. Rekaan geometri antena cantuman barisan jalurmikro disimulasi dan diuji menggunakan perisian CST Studio Gelombang Mikro (CST MWS) bagi mengkaji pelbagai kesan parameter antenna seperti S11, gandaan, keterarahan, tahap sisi-lobus dan lebar sudut. Didapati bahawa antena yang dicadangkan mempunyai tahap sisi-lobus -14.2 dB yang rendah dengan gandaan tinggi yang boleh diterima dan keterarahan sebanyak 16.5 dB dan 17.7 dB, masing-masing. Tatabentuk antena mempunyai saiz 285 mm × 59.275 mm yang kompak dan ringan berbanding antena pemantul piawai, di mana telah digunakan pada kebanyakan jalur-X transmisi komunikasi.
PAVEMENT CONDITION ANALYSIS VIA VEHICLE MOUNTED ACCELEROMETER DATA
Authors: Haja Mohideen Ahmad Jazlan , Rosli Muhammad Fahim , Mohamad Hanif Noor Hazrin Hany , Mohd Zaki Hasan Firdaus , Husman Muhammad Afif , Abdul Muthalif Asan Gani , Kumar Deepak
Published: January 2020

Road anomalies and irregularities such as potholes and uneven surfaces are a common hazard in South East Asia and developing countries. Such hazards pose a threat to the safety and well-being of both civilians going about their daily routine and tourists who are exploring the city. Since bicycles and rickshaws are still a common mode of transport used by both civilians and tourists in many South East Asian countries, it is essential to improve the overall quality and smoothness of pavements which are traversed by these vehicles. Management of international sporting and recreational events also require satisfactory road and pavement conditions. Before pavement conditions can be improved, it is an essential prerequisite to obtain comprehensive information about road irregularities such as the location and also severity of the road irregularity (depth of the potholes and height of bumps). In this paper, we propose a method for obtaining mathematical models that represent the overall condition of the pavements that are part of a commonly traversed cycling route. Such mathematical models and coefficients can be stored in the cloud of an Internet of Things (IOT) data analytics systems subsequently leading to identification of regions with severe road irregularities.

ABSTRAK:  Kerosakan pada permukaan jalan raya merupakan salah satu faktor risiko kemalangan yang berlaku secara meluas di negara Asia Tenggara dan negara membangun yang lain. Memandangkan kenderaan seperti beca dan basikal masih diguna pakai secara meluas di negara membangun, adalah mustahak untuk membaik pulih kerosakan jalan raya. Pengurusan sukan antarabangsa dan rekreasi juga memerlukan keadaan jalan dan laluan pejalan kaki yang baik. Sebelum kerja membaik pulih dapat dilakukan, maklumat lengkap mengenai tahap kerosakan jalan raya dan lokasi kerosakan diperlukan. Dalam kajian ini satu kaedah telah diperkenalkan untuk mendapatkan persamaan matematik yang menggambarkan keadaan sebenar permukaan jalan raya, di mana sebahagiannya merupakan laluan berbasikal yang selalu digunakan. Model matematik dan pekali ini boleh di simpan dalam sistem analisis data awan Internet Benda (IOT) kemudiannya dapat mengenal pasti kawasan jalan yang rosak dan tidak rata.
STUDY ON PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT OF MANUAL OPERATIONS IN SOYA SAUCE FACTORY
Authors: Wahid Zaharah , Che Daud Mohd Radzi
Published: January 2020

Today with a rapidly changing world and markets, SMEs are facing a critical challenge to remain competitive in the business market. In this paper, a case study of the SMEs food industry is presented. Work study methodology was embedded in the strategy to improve the productivity of the soya sauce enterprise. The sample size required for the study was calculated and random observations were determined through a work sampling technique to achieve a 95% confidence level. The result from this study reveals that work sampling data can be used as a reliable estimation for identification of any potential bottleneck as well as idle time in the factory. The process flowchart at the filling and capping terminal were examined and the travelling distance was optimized to 12.5 feet from original distance of 17 feet. The modified plant layout significantly improves the people flow, production material handling, work safety, space utilization, and better working conditions. The survival of SMEs is critical as this sector contributes 38.3% to Malaysian‘s gross domestic productivity (GDP). Thus, these findings demonstrated that enhancing the productivity of SME food industries is effective through a work study. However, the successful adoption of this approach is mostly because of top administrative involvement and the participation of all staff members.

ABSTRAK: Pada hari ini, dengan perubahan pesat dunia dan pasaran, SMEs berhadapan cabaran getir bagi terus tetap berdaya saing dalam pasaran perniagaan. Kajian ini membincangkan berkaitan kes kajian SMEs dalam industri makanan. Kaedah kajian kerja telah diguna pakai dalam strategi bagi meningkatkan pengeluaran sos soya. Saiz sampel yang diperlukan bagi kajian ini dikira dan pemerhatian rawak diperoleh melalui teknik persampelan bagi memperolehi 95% tahap yakin diri. Hasil keputusan kajian menunjukkan data persampelan boleh digunakan sebagai anggaran boleh percaya bagi mengklasifikasi kemungkinan kesesakan dan juga masa terbiar dalam kilang. Proses carta alir pada terminal isian dan penutup telah diperiksa dan jarak perjalanan dioptimumkan pada 12.5 kaki dari jarak asal iaitu 17 kaki. Ubah suai susun atur kilang dapat memperbaiki dengan ketara aturan pekerja, pengendalian bahan pengeluaran, keselamatan kerja, pengunaan ruang tempat kerja dan persekitaran tempat kerja yang lebih bagus. Kemandirian SMEs adalah sangat kritikal kerana sektor ini menyumbang 38.3% kepada Keluaran Malaysia Dalam Negara Kasar (KDNK). Oleh itu, hasil kajian menunjukkan  peningkatan produktiviti industri makanan SMEs adalah berkesan menerusi kajian ini. Walau bagaimanapun, keberhasilan kaedah ini berpunca daripada keterlibatan pentadbiran dan seluruh anggota pekerja.
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF 5G PATH LOSS MODELS FOR RURAL MACROCELL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Mohd Nordin Muhammad Akramuddin , Mohd Ramli Huda Adibah
Published: January 2020

5G networks are expected to use the Millimeter Wave (mmWave) frequency band and this frequency provides wider bandwidth allowing a better quality of service to be offered to the users. However, the mmWave frequencies may lead to a higher path loss due to several factors including blockages,rain and atmosphere. Therefore, to allow optimal positioning of the 5G base stations, the study of path loss model in this 5G mmWave frequencies is crucial. This paper investigates the 5G path loss models as well as their parameters that are most suitable for cross-polarized antennas under rural macrocell environment in Malaysia. Path loss models namely Close In Free Space Reference Distance Path Loss Model (CI) model, and Alpha Beta Gamma (ABG) or Floating Intercept (FI) Model along with their parameters achieved from the previous studies were evaluated by comparing the parameters and models that are closest to the sampled path loss when using antennas that have different patterns and polarizations in an open-source simulator. Results obtained indicate that FI model can be adapted to the majority of the environment where this model showed the lowest Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The study of path loss models by using advanced simulator or field measurement, and studies on other rural areas from other states in Malaysia will be considered in future works.
DYNAMIC MODELING OF A SINGLE-LINK FLEXIBLE MANIPULATOR ROBOT WITH TRANSLATIONAL AND ROTATIONAL MOTIONS
Authors: Dermawan Dermawan , Abbas Hammada , Syam Rafiuddin , Djafar Zulkifli , Muhammad Abdul Kadir
Published: January 2020

The flexible manipulator is widely used in space robots, robot arm, and manufacturing industries that produce micro-scale products. This study aims to formulate the equation of motion of a flexible single-link manipulator system that moves translationally and rotationally and to develop computational codes with finite element methods in performing dynamic simulation on the vibration of the flexible manipulator system. The system of the single-link flexible manipulator (SLFM) consists of the aluminum beam as a flexible link, clamp part to hold the link, DC motor to rotate drive shaft, a trajectory to transfer link in translational motion, and servo motor to rotate link. Computational codes in time history response (THR) and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing were developed to identify the dynamic behavior of the link. The finite element-method and Newmark-beta are used in simulating the SLFM. Simulation using the finite element method has displayed dynamic behavior through a graph of FFT on free vibration and THR graph on forced vibration by the excitation force due to the translational and rotational motions of the system. In the simulation of free vibration, the natural frequency of the system is 8.3 [Hz].
Liquid Biopsy in Early Breast Cancer: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Rulli Antonio , Cinzia Antognelli , Rulli Antonio , Piero Covarelli , Luciano Izzo , Vienna Ludovini , Annamaria Siggillino , Nicola Talesa Vincenzo , Svitlana Zayik
Published: January 2020

Background: Liquid biopsy (LB) is a technique that utilizes circulating biomarkers from cancer patients to
provide information regarding the genetic landscape of the cancer. LB is emerging as an alternative and
complementary diagnostic and prognostic tool to surgical biopsy and is expected to provide the tool for the
implementation of precision oncology in clinical settings. In fact, it may contribute to enhance
understanding of tumor heterogeneity and permitting the dynamic monitoring of treatment responses and
genomic variations. Thus, LB is a promising method for the management of cancer, including breast cancer
(BC), whose incidence in Italy is progressively increasing. Previous studies focused mainly on patients with
advanced-stage BC. In the present study we evaluated the number of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), the
quantity of cell free tumor DNA (cftDNA) and the analysis of the mutational profile of DNA from CTCs
(ctcDNA) and cftDNA in early stage BC patients.
Methods: Matched pre- and post-surgery blood samples were collected from 47 early stage BC patients.
CTCs enumeration was done using Isoflux system, molecular profile of ctcDNA and cftDNA was performed
with the Spotlight 59 Panels kit on a MiSeq Illumina instrument.
Results: Eighty percent of samples was CTCs-positive, while healthy controls were all CTCs-negative.
Forty-four patients provided a pre-surgery and 21 post-surgery sample. By comparing the number of CTCs
post-surgery with that of pre-surgery, we found that 66% of patients showed a decreased number of CTCs,
14% of patients continued to have the same number of CTCs, while, interestingly, 19% of patients showed
an increased number of CTCs. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) of ctcDNA and cftDNA showed that
52% of samples had mutations in 9 genes (TP53, CDKN2A, FBXW7, PTPN11, KRAS, NRAS, BRAF,
IDH1, ALK) and in 5 genes (PIK3CA, APC ALK, KRAS, TSC1), respectively, with KRAS and ALK
overlapping and TP53 being the most frequently mutated gene in ctcDNA analysis.
Conclusions: LB could facilitate early detection of minimal residual disease, aiding in the initiation of
adjuvant therapy to prevent recurrence and progression towards metastasis, enhance individualized
treatment and longitudinal screening, thus improving the clinical management and outcome of patients with
early BC.
Patient-Related Factors Affecting the Sensitivity of Sonication of Removed Hip and Knee Implants Against Conventional Tissue Cultures for Diagnosis of Prosthetic Joint Infections
Authors: Lepetsos Panagiotis , Gketsos Anastasios , Kardatos Antonios , Stylianakis Antonios , Giannaris Ioannis , Baxevanos Nikolaos , Liarakos Nikolaos , Lepetsos Panagiotis
Published: January 2020

Despite its decreasing incidence, prosthesis-related infections remain a research, diagnostic, therapeutic and
cost-related problem. Our study aim was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of conventional periprosthetic
tissue culture and culture of sonication fluid of the explanted hardware and to investigate the role of patientrelated factors affecting the sensitivity of the sonication method. We investigated 70 patients undergoing
revision hip or knee arthroplasty, at our institution. Patients’ medical history and demographic
characteristics were recorded. We compared the culture of samples obtained by sonication of explanted hip
and knee prostheses with conventional culture of periprosthetic tissue for the microbiological diagnosis of
prosthetic-joint infection. Thirty-two patients had septic loosening and 38 aseptic loosening (48 hip
prostheses and 22 knee prostheses). The sensitivities of sonication fluid culture and conventional tissue
cultures were 81.25% and 56.25%, respectively (p-value = 0.043). The sensitivity of the sonication method
was statistically higher in obese, diabetic patients, with age above 60, in uncemented arthroplasties and in
arthroplasties because of primary osteoarthritis (p-values < 0.05). The sonication method has a greater
sensitivity than the conventional periprosthetic tissue cultures for the periprosthetic infections, especially in
obese, diabetic patients, with age above 60, in uncemented arthroplasties and in arthroplasties because of
primary osteoarthritis.
Are We Heading to the Future of Musculoskeletal Tumor Imaging with Ultra-High Field 7T MRI?
Authors: MATTEI Jean-Camille , Foure Alexandre , Rochwerger Alexandre , Troter Arnaud Le , Varoquaux Arthur , Chagnaud Christophe , Bouvier Corinne , Bendahan David , MATTEI Jean-Camille , Guye Maxime , Guis Sandrine , Salas Sébastien
Published: January 2020

Background and objectives: Sarcoma preoperative planning critically depends on MRI, sometimes
uninformative when compartments barriers or critical structures are involved.
objective: to prospectively assess the feasibility and the potential of 7T MRI in sarcoma.
Methods: Two patients with femoral chondrosarcoma were CT and MRI (1.5 and 7T) scanned with T1W,
T2W, GRE and DTI sequences. Image quality and characteristics of the tumors were compared between
these modalities.
Results: In-plane resolution was higher at 7T as compared to 1.5T MRI, tumor delineation was more reliable
and soft tissue involvement was clearer. DT imaging and corresponding ADC mapping allowed a clear
distinction between edema and tumor and identified tumor involvement of collateral ligament allowing
healthy structures sparing with histopathology confirmation. 7T MRI was also able to define cortical
reaction as precisely as CT imaging.
Conclusion: Musculoskeletal tumours UHF-MRI is promising. Higher resolution and enhanced signal to
noise ratio improved tumoral assessment, infiltration and cortex changes. One could expect this nonradiating technique to replace CT investigation for bone tumours assessment and open new perspectives in
the fields of vascular or nerve salvage and response to chemo/radiotherapy. Healthy tissue sparing might be
facilitated with impacts on function, complication or reconstruction type.
Dissemination of Genetic Information in Swiss Families with Lynch Syndrome: A Qualitative Exploratory Study
Authors: Unger Sheila , Simond Eléonore , Davoine Emeline , Katapodi Maria C. , Unger Sheila
Published: January 2020

In Switzerland, out of respect for privacy and in accordance with federal laws regarding genetic testing,
information sharing about hereditary cancer predisposition syndromes is initiated solely by the proband and
never from the medical clinic. Thus, an essentially medical task, communication of cancer risk and possible
testing, is always delegated, at least initially, to the patient. In order to explore this communication process,
its associated difficulties and possibilities for improvements, we have conducted a study with Lynch
syndrome families in Western Switzerland. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 participants
(12 female, 7 male), either in person or by telephone.
We specifically explored whether participants considered transmission of genetic information a medical or
personal responsibility. Other recurrent themes were also identified, including family wisdom and
superstitions, emotional responses, and parent-child guilt. The identification of a cancer predisposition and
the request to communicate this with family members remained a traumatic experience for many. However,
within this group, which may be biased towards better communicators, the information was shared with at
risk relatives. Despite inherent difficulties, the majority wish to retain the responsibility for contacting
family members. This suggests that in Switzerland, and possibly in other countries with similar
rules/attitudes towards privacy, efforts to improve cascade screening should be directed towards facilitating
intra-familial communication.
Isoabsorptive Point Method for Simultaneous Determination of Paracetamol and Orphenadrine Citrate in Their Combined Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms
Authors: Sebaay Mahmoud Mohammed Mohammed , Mattar Amr A. , Sebaay Mahmoud Mohammed Mohammed
Published: January 2020

A simple, specific, accurate and precise spectrophotometric method was settled for simultaneous
determination of paracetamol and orphenadrine citrate in their pure form and in their pharmaceutical
formulation. Isoabsorptive point technique has been used in simultaneous determination of both drugs
without prior separation. Isoabsorptive point method parameters were validated according to ICH guidelines
in which accuracy, precision, repeatability and robustness were found in accepted limits. Advantages and
disadvantages of Isoabsorptive point were discussed and statistical comparison between the proposed
method and the reference one was also performed.
Deficient Activity of FAD-Linked Glycerophosphate Dehydrogenase in the Mitochondria of Insulin-Producing Pancreatic Islets B-Cells: A Possible Cause of the Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Malaisse Willy J. , Malaisse Willy J. , Mellouk Zoheir
Published: January 2020

A deficient activity of mitochondrial FAD-linked glycerophosphate dehydrogenase in insulin-producing
pancreatic islet B-cells was recently identified in selected animal models of non-insulin-dependent
diabetes mellitus. The incidence of this enzymatic defect remains however to be unambiguously
documented in type-2 diabetic patients. The present review mainly aims at speculating that the altered
recognition of nutrients, especially D-glucose, by pancreatic B-cells, as resulting from the abovementioned enzymatic perturbation could also eventually lead to the development of the metabolic
syndrome (MetS).
Comparison between Gastric Babble Sound and Chest X-Ray for Positioning in Nasogastric Tube Insertion on General Anesthesia for Oral and Maxillofacial Patients
Authors: Ogura Ichiro , Mizuhashi Fumi , Saegusa Hisato , Ogura Ichiro , Oohashi Makoto , Oshikiri Toru , Sugawara Yoshihiro
Published: January 2020

Objective: This study aimed to compare gastric babble sound with chest X-ray for positioning in nasogastric
tube insertion on general anesthesia for oral and maxillofacial patients.
Methods: Fifty-six oral and maxillofacial patients with nasogastric tube on general anesthesia were
included in this study. Length of nasogastric tube using gastric babble sound for positioning in nasogastric
tube insertion on general anesthesia were compared with those using chest X-ray after general anesthesia.
Furthermore, we evaluated the relationship between height, weight, Body Mass Index (BMI) and length of
nasogastric tube using Pearson’s correlation test. A P value lower than 0.05 was considered as statistically
significant.
Results: The incidences of adjustment after chest X-ray were 39.3 % (22/56 cases). Regarding cases of the
adjustment after chest X-ray, over tube length cases was 90.9 % (20/22 cases, over length: 5.3 ± 1.8 cm)
and under tube length cases was 9.1 % (2/22 cases, under length: -10 ± 0.0 cm). Furthermore, Height
correlated with length of nasogastric tube using gastric babble sound for positioning in nasogastric tube
insertion on general anesthesia (R = 0.505; p = 0.000) and length after adjustment using chest X-ray (R =
0.494; p = 0.000).
Conclusions: The chest X-ray seems to be useful for positioning in nasogastric tube insertion on general
anesthesia for oral and maxillofacial patients.
Minimally Invasive Treatment of Chyle Leak After Esophagectomy Using Indocyanine Green (Icg) Enhanced Fluorescence: A Case Report
Authors: Pasqual CA De , Luca Alberti , Maria Bencivenga , Pasqual CA De , Clelia Gervasi Maria , Simone Giacopuzzi , Weindelmayer Jacopo , Cecilia Ridolfi , Michele Sacco
Published: January 2020

Chyle Leak (CL) is a relative rare but deadly complication after esophagectomy. The optimal management
of CL is still unclear; however, a surgical re-intervention is usually considered necessary if the daily output
from the thoracic drain exceeds 1 L. In case of re-intervention, surgical ligature of the thoracic duct (TD) is
often resolutive, although TD visualization can be challenging in this setting. We report the case of a 66
years old male patient submitted to total minimally invasive Mc Kewon esophagectomy, who in the postoperative course developed a CL. After a first unsuccessful attempt of conservative management, we
decided to re-submit the patient to surgery with a thoracoscopic approach. During the procedure, we injected
the indocyanine green into the inguinal lymph nodes bilaterally. The fluorescence images allowed us to: 1-
visualize the thoracic duct; 2- identify the exact site of the leak; 3- to confirm (after TD selective ligature)
that the leak was correctly sealed. In two subsequent esophagectomies we used the same technique to
intraoperatively identify the TD, allowing its prophylactic selective ligature.
Neuroendocrine Small-Cell Carcinoma of the Gallbladder: Case Report
Authors: Canhoto Carolina V. , Oliveira Rui , Canhoto Carolina V. , Azevedo Fernando , Tralhão José Guilherme , Oliveira Pedro , Guerreiro Pedro
Published: January 2020

Gallbladder neuroendocrine carcinoma is a very rare entity, accounting for <0.2% of all neuroendocrine
tumours [1]. Of the cases described in the literature, the initial presentation is usually locally advanced or
even with disseminated disease [2]. In this paper we report the case of a 43-year-old female patient with an
incidental diagnosis of gallbladder neuroendocrine carcinoma. Although clinical presentation is the most
common, it is a very rare condition that poses a therapeutic and prognostic challenge.
PENGARUH MANAJEMEN LABA AKRUAL DAN RIIL PADA KINERJA KEUANGAN
Authors: Sri Ruwanti, Prima Aprilyani Rambe
Published: January 2020

The objective of this study is investigate effect of earnings management to financial performance. Two proxy was used in this study, they are discretionary accruals and real earnings management. Return on Assets as proxy of financial performance. There are 126 manufacture firms as population and 46 firms as samples used purposive sampling method. Result show that discretionary accruals has influence to financial performance, but not for real earnings management.
Silicified logs of Agathoxylon hoodii (Tidwell et Medlyn) comb. nov. from Rainbow Draw, near Dinosaur National Monument, Uintah County, Utah, USA, and their implications for araucariaceous conifer forests in the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation
Authors: Gee Carole , Sprinkel Douglas , Bennis Mary Beth , Gray Dale
Published: January 2020

A new local flora of silicified logs and wood has been discovered in the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation in the Rainbow Draw area near Dinosaur National Monument, northeastern Utah, USA. Fossil logs and wood were found in the Salt Wash Member at nine sites at Rainbow Draw and at one site near Miners Draw, south of Blue Mountain. The fossil logs are large and relatively intact, the longest measuring 11 m. The wood is well preserved, coniferous, and can be identified to the species level. Diagnostic anatomical features include resin plugs in the ray cells and axial tracheids, araucarioid tracheary pitting and crossfield pitting, and the lack of resin canals and true, regularly occurring growth rings. This taxon of fossil wood, originally described as Araucarioxylon hoodii Tidwell et Medlyn, is recognized here as a new combination, Agathoxylon hoodii (Tidwell et Medlyn) Gee, Sprinkel, Bennis et Gray, which pertains to the conifer family Araucariaceae. Based on the preserved girth of the logs, the minimum height of the trees could be reconstructed. The largest fossil logs measured at least 127 cm in diameter and hence reached a minimum height of 28 m. Judging from the growth habit of all naturally occurring araucariaceous trees today, the fossil plants likely formed forests of moderately tall trees and were well over 100 years old. The lack of true growth rings shows that there was no seasonality in the local paleoclimate, neither variations in summer–winter temperatures, nor wet–dry cycles. Thus, during the Late Jurassic, tall conifer forests with Agathoxylon hoodii grew in at least two areas in what is now Utah: east of the city of Vernal and near Mt. Ellen in the Henry Mountains. Coupled with the fossil evidence of conifer seed cones and pollen found in the Morrison Formation throughout eastern Utah, the newly discovered fossil logs and wood argue for the reconstruction of Upper Jurassic habitats in this region as mesic and wooded, and the climate as equable, not seasonal, nor semi-arid or arid.