bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Progressive income tax as a driver for the development of high-tech industries in Russia
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, Balatsky E. V. ,   Central Economics and Mathematics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (CEMI RAS), Moscow, Russian Federation, Ekimova N. A. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: December 2021

The study tests the hypothesis that Russia’s transition from flat to progressive income taxation will produce revenue that would be sufficient for the advancement of high-tech industries. To test this hypothesis, we considered two scenarios of the reform – the two-tiered system, which has been implemented since 2021, and the project of a four-tiered system proposed by the Liberal Democratic Party. To estimate the effects of the tax reform, we calculated the revenues from taxing high-income taxpayer groups and subgroups at specific tax rates. As a result, it was found that the reform could produce 187 billion Rubles in extra revenue, which means that there is a vast discrepancy between the calculated estimates and the government’s expectations (60 billion Rubles). In other words, the Russian government significantly underestimates the potential of the income tax. According to the second scenario, which aims to build a more sophisticated income tax system, the revenue would be 1.1 trillion Rubles. Thus, a well-designed scale of the personal income tax will enable the government to considerably enhance this tool’s fiscal efficiency. The calculations of the extra revenue generated by the reform relied on the statistics of the World Inequality Database (WID) for 2019. To test the relevance of the input and output data, we conducted a comparative analysis at the micro-level by looking at the wage levels in Russian, American and European space corporations. We found that the micro-economic data are closer to the WID statistics rather than to Rosstat, which confirmed the accuracy of our results. Our calculations have confirmed the general hypothesis and showed that the extra revenue from the reform will enable the government to fully modernize microelectronics and the geothermal industry in Russia.
Researches Concerning Improving Methods of In Vitro Microtubers Production
Authors: NISTOR Andreea , CHIRU Nicoleta , CIOLOCA Mihaela , POPA Monica
Published: December 2021

Five genotypes of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) were induced to form microtubers under two in vitro culture conditions (continuos darkness and light). Cultures maintained under continuos darkness (with a temperatue of 170C) had a higher yield with a greater number of microtuber (1.394/plantlet) than those maintained under long days (16 h of light/day) combined with temperature of 200C. In the last case the microtubers were higher, with with the highest average weight of 0.602 g. Three phytohormones it was used: coumarine, benzylaminopurine and salicylic acid. Regarding the average number of microtubers obtained when it was used coumarine and salicylic acid, the highest average number of microtubers was recorded (1,135 microtubers/plantlet). The study had been performed also on two fractions of the of sugar quantity (80 and 140 g/l), but they had less influence compared to the varieties.
Castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) responses to drought stress and foliar application of Zn-nano fertilizer and humic acid: grain yield, oil content, antioxidant activity, and photosynthetic pigments
Authors: RAHBARI Ali , MASOUD SINAKI Jafar , DAMAVANDI Ali , REZVAN Shahram
Published: December 2021

Castor bean is considered as an important non-edible oilseed crop and source of castor oil, which has many applications ranging from cosmetics to the biofuels industry. Humic acid (HA) results from organic matter decomposition and is beneficial to plant growth and development. In the present study, a two-year experiment was conducted in Damghan, Iran, to study the physiological responses of castor bean to foliar application of zinc nano-chelate (Zn-nano) and HA under drought stress. The drought stress was used as the main treatment in three levels: normal irrigation as control, irrigation up to 75 BBCH scale (Biologische Bundesantalt, Bundessortenamt und Chemische Industrie) (mild stress), and irrigation up to 65 BBCH (severe stress). Foliar application of HA in three levels (non-application, application of the recommended rate and two times more than the recommended rate), as well as Zn-nano fertilizer in two levels (application at 1.5 part per thousand (ppt) and non-application) as subplots. The drought stress, HA, and Zn-nano fertilizer could significantly affect the number of capsules, the number of seeds, 100-seed weight, seed yield, oil yield, protein percentage and yield, activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD), and chlorophyll a (Chl a), chlorophyll b (Chl b), and total chlorophyll (total Chl) contents. In addition, severe drought stress resulted in reducing the number of capsules (33.9%), the number of seeds (32.7%), 100-grain weight (16.0%), as well as seed (43.0%), oil (59.3%), and protein (29.9%) yield. Based on the results, the highest yield components, oil and protein contents, and photosynthetic pigments were achieved in the foliar application of HA (recommended rate) and Zn-nano fertilizers under normal irrigation during the second year. Further, the foliar application of Zn-nano fertilizer led to a decrease in the activities of CAT, SOD, and POD enzymes. According to partial regression analysis, the recommended rate of HA application the changed the nature of relationships governing the characteristics, especially under drought stress conditions. Finally, the foliar application of HA (recommended rate) and Zn-nano fertilizers could create an excellent resistance to drought stress in castor under dry and semi-arid climate conditions by improving yield and yield components and physiological traits.
Beneficial microorganisms enhance the growth of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under greenhouse conditions
Authors: TAMAYO-AGUILAR Yonger , JUAREZ-LOPEZ Porfirio , CHAVEZ-GARCIA Jose A. , ALIA-TEJACAL Iran , GUILLEN-SANCHEZ Dagoberto , PEREZ-GONZALEZ Jesus O. , LOPEZ-MARTINEZ Victor , RUEDA-BARRIENTOS Maria C. , BAQUE-FUENTES Odira
Published: December 2021

The integration of healthy management alternatives continues to be a challenge in the organic production of aromatic and medicinal plants, including of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of three beneficial microorganisms (1) Trichoderma harzianum (TH), (2) Bacillus subtilis (BS), (3) Glomus cubense (GC) and their combinations on the growth of basil. A completely randomised design was used with a control and seven treatments with six repetitions. The control (1) was with no microorganism inoculation and the seven treatments were inoculations with the single or the combined microorganisms as follows: (2) TH, (3) BS, (4) GC, (5) TH+BS, (6) TH+GC, (7) BS+GC and (8) TH+BS+GC. Three harvests of fresh biomass were made and a number of growth variables were recorded: fresh and dry biomass, leaf area, number of commercial stems, stem length and thickness, Leaf length and width, relative chlorophyll concentration (SPAD readings) and the levels of N, P, K, Ca and Mg. Overall growth increased by 58% with TH+GC compared with the control and by 55% compared with the single inoculations (TH, BS and GC) and with the triple inoculation (TH+BS+GC). A growth increase of 51% was obtained with BS+GC compared with the control and of 38% compared with the other treatments. These results indicate co-inoculation of TH+GC or of BS+GC are useful alternative managements to increase greenhouse production of basil.
Effects of organic and inorganic fertilization with bio-inoculants on the sustainable management of plant-parasitic nematodes infesting okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)
Authors: ANSARI Safiuddin , AHMAD Gufran , ELHAKEM Abeer , RIZVI Rose , TIYAGI Sartaj A. , MAHMOOD Irshad , MOHAMED Heba I.
Published: December 2021

Root-knot nematodes are believed to be amongst the biological constraints causing severe damage and a great reduction in the productivity of okra. The purpose of this study was to apply organic matter and non-symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria to minimize the addition of chemical fertilizers that constantly pollute the environment.  Experimental studies were conducted in the field for two summers to determine the effect of inoculations of non-symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria, such as Azotobacter chroococcum and Azospirillum brasilense singly and in combinations, with different recommended doses of inorganic nitrogen as well as organic matter such as neem seed cake on the growth, yield, and organic parameters of the okra crop towards the management of plant-parasitic nematodes. The results show a significant reduction in nematode multiplication through soil application of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and neem seed cake along with different recommended doses of nitrogen inoculated plants. Azotobacter was found to be less effective than Azospirillum in agronomic parameters and nematode control. The most pronounced increases were observed in the yield and growth parameters such as plant height, fresh as well as dry weights, fruit weights/plant, number of total fruits/plant and primary branches, chlorophyll content, and ascorbic acid content when A. chroococcum and A. brasilense were added concomitantly in various combinations. Agronomic parameters such as NPK content in the plant as well as in residual soil increased considerably in almost all the combinations irrespective of these biofertilizers and neem seed cake. In conclusion, the combined application of a 100% recommended dose of nitrogen fertilizer along with Azospirillum and neem seed cake is recommended for better growth and yield of okra with better control of nematodal population.
Flow dependent constriction-size distribution in gap-graded soils: a statistical inference
Authors: Dassanayake S. M. , Mousa A.
Published: December 2021

The clogging–unclogging process in gap-graded soils is a result of the migration of seepage-driven fines, which subsequently induces measurable changes in the local hydraulic gradients. This process can be temporally observed in the variations of Darcy's hydraulic conductivity (K). The current study proposes an integrated statistical Monte Carlo approach combining the discrete-element method and two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulations to estimate the flow-dependent constriction-size distribution (CSD) for a gap-graded soil. The computational inferences were supported with experimental results using an internally stable soil, which was subjected to one-dimensional flow stimulating desired hydraulic loadings: a hydraulic gradient lower than the critical gradient applied as a multi-staged loading pattern. The 35th percentile size of the flow-dependent CSD (Dc35) for both internally stable and unstable gap-graded soils becomes approximately equal to Dc35at steady state. However, a greater variation of larger constrictions persists for the unstable soils. This pilot study has shown the applicability of the proposed method to estimate flow-dependent CSD for a wide range of experimentally observed K values.
Inmediatez y veracidad de los hechos, un compromiso desdibujado desde el periodismo
Authors:   Universidad Estatal Península de Santa Elena, LEÓN VALLE Wilson , VÉLEZ BERMELLO Gabriela ,   Universidad Estatal Península de Santa Elena
Published: December 2021

Con el incremento exponencial de información en Internet, los medios tradicionales han sufrido convergencias cohesionando el periodismo con el uso de redes sociales, enmarcado en la inmediatez por compartir nuevos contenidos, ocasionando que se agrave el proceso de construcción de la noticia y que la verificación de los hechos vaya quedando en el olvido. La presente investigación tiene el objetivo de identificar cómo se desarrolla el ejercicio periodístico en el la provincia de Santa Elena- Ecuador, a través la técnica de grupo focal y encuestas a la población, se ha evidenciado la necesidad de replantear bases procedimentales en el periodismo, puesto que la ciudadanía está ávida de certezas inmediatas, de lo contrario el ciudadano común construye su propia verdad con datos generados desde la desinformación
LASTESIS y su apropiación alrededor del mundo: una mirada desde la comunicación política
Authors:   Universidad de los Andes, HORMAZÁBAL DURAND Constanza
Published: December 2021

Este artículo analiza los alcances y efectos que logró la performance “Un Violador en tu Camino”, creada por el colectivo feminista LASTESIS, desde la mirada de la comunicación política. La retórica de signos, lenguajes y movimientos, estrenada a pocas semanas del estallido social en Chile, es examinada y comprendida desde la definición y las dinámicas de la comunicación política, el sistema de medios de comunicación y sus efectos, la respuesta de la ciudadanía y la repercusión en las redes sociales, entre ellos, el activismo digital.
Redes sociales como espacios comunicativos de articulación de movimientos sociales: Revolución de los Frijoleros (Guatemala)
Authors:   Universidad de Málaga, CASTILLERO-OSTIO Elizabet , GIL-RAMÍREZ Marta ,   Universidad de Málaga, CASTILLO-ESPARCIA Antonio ,   Universidad de Málaga
Published: December 2021

Esta investigación determina cuál es el papel que juegan las redes sociales en la organización del movimiento social durante la "Revolución de los Frijoleros" en Guatemala en 2020. A través de un enfoque mixto que combina el análisis de contenido y el análisis crítico del discurso, se analizan cuatro perfiles representativos en la conformación del movimiento en Facebook y Twitter. Los resultados apuntan a que ambas plataformas tienen efectos positivos en la movilización ciudadana, conformándose como espacios de disidencia, de articulación del movimiento y de organización de acciones-protesta.
Políticas de la identidad narrativa: experiencias de comunicación alternativa en la ficción televisiva argentina
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, GRÜNIG Ana
Published: December 2021

Estamos hechos de historias y queremos contarlas. En este trabajo, recuperamos experiencias de comunicación alternativa de Argentina, en ficciones televisivas realizadas mediante una política pública de fomento a la producción de contenidos destinado a la democratización, diversificación y federalización del territorio audiovisual durante los años 2010-2015. La incorporación inédita de realizadores independientes, actores y paisajes de las distintas regiones del país, que comenzaron a contar sus historias desde sus propios territorios, no sólo devinieron en expresión de las culturas populares y las identidades regionales, sino que, además, se configuraron como particulares dispositivos de la política de la identidad narrativa. A lo fines analíticos, recuperamos ficciones que abordan mitologías y otras creencias populares en sus narrativas.
Conflicto Social en Chile: minería de opinión en Twitter durante la primera semana de la protesta chilena del año 2019
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, RIVERA GALLARDO Ricardo
Published: December 2021

Esta investigación analizó los procesos de canalización del malestar en Twitter, durante el estallido social chileno del año 2019. En primer lugar, se realizó una revisión de la literatura concerniente a las últimas protestas y movimientos sociales chilenos. En segundo lugar, se analizaron las investigaciones relacionadas a la minería de opinión en Twitter. En tercer lugar, se capturaron los comentarios de los usuarios entre los días 18 y 26 de octubre (el momento más espontaneo del estallido), a través de técnicas de minería de opinión, dichos comentarios fueron almacenados y analizados para identificar y reconocer los posts que estaban relacionados a los hashtags de los trending topic en Chile. Por último, se procedió al análisis los datos para verificar el rol de la figura del presidente y las otras palabras presentes, con estos datos se puede señalar que existe una re-significación del malestar por medio de la figura de Sebastián Piñera, su gobierno y las instituciones relacionadas a este, los cuales se transforman en objetos de discurso y de representación de lo antagónico a la idea de pueblo.
Low-cost soil conservation technique for controlling gully erosion in the semi-arid area of the Free State province
Authors: Joseph LF , Van der Westhuizen HC
Published: December 2021

In South Africa, soil erosion is a major problem confronting natural resources. Gully erosion has a huge negative impact on soil productivity and potable water supplies, while measures to control it are expensive. Sannaspos farm which has been threatened by gully erosion was selected as a demonstration site for controlling gully erosion using low-cost control measures. The main aim of this study was to control gully erosion resulting in improved rangeland production. The technique entailed the use of old tyres and bags filled with soil. Three reference points were selected along a 240 m gully in August 2016 and monitored over 42 months. After 17 months (January 2018), gully depth decreased from 70 to 34 cm, 45 to 20 cm and 35 to 19 cm at the three reference points. After 24 months (August 2018) gully depth further decreased from 34 to 27 cm, 20 to 14 cm, and 19 to 10 cm for the three points. Thirty months after installing control measures (February 2019), the gully was sealed at all reference points. By February 2020 (42 months after initiation of the trial), the entire gully was sealed and covered with various vegetation types. Use of this low-cost method to control gully erosion is recommended under similar conditions.
Una app móvil potencia la motivación del alumnado en una experiencia de gamificación universitaria
Authors: Navarro-Mateos Carmen , Pérez-López Isaac J.
Published: December 2021

Los niveles de desinterés y desmotivación de gran parte del alumnado universitario representan uno de los retos más urgentes que debe afrontar el profesorado en la actualidad. En este sentido, cada vez son más los trabajos que evidencian el potencial de la «gamificación» a la hora de incrementar la motivación e implicación de los estudiantes en su proceso formativo. En estrecha relación con ello, las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación y, concretamente, el uso de dispositivos móviles supone un recurso de enorme significatividad para jóvenes y adolescentes. Por tanto, en el presente trabajo se describe la aplicación «$in TIME», diseñada «ad hoc» con la intención de gestionar los diferentes elementos que conformaron un proyecto de «gamificación» basado en la película «In Time». Este se implementó en la asignatura «Fundamentos de la Educación Física» (del segundo curso del grado en Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte, de la Universidad de Granada -España-). De igual modo, también se muestra la repercusión que tuvo en el alumnado participante, así como la valoración que de ella hicieron. Todo ello permitirá a los docentes conocer un ejemplo real, que les podrá servir de ayuda e inspiración a la hora de diseñar sus futuros proyectos y, al mismo tiempo, contar con un nuevo aval del potencial de la «gamificación» en el ámbito educativo.
Aprendizaje servicio en educación superior entre España y México. Hacia los ODS
Authors: Guzón Nestar José Luis , González Alonso Fernando , Ochoa Cervantes Azucena
Published: December 2021

El artículo enfoca el tema del Aprendizaje Servicio (ApS) basado en una revisión literaria, que destaca las raíces, los fundamentos filosóficos y pedagógicos y los modelos que articulan y justifican el ApS como cuestión de sumo interés y actualidad. Posteriormente, identifica experiencias recientes de ApS, diseñadas desde Universidades de España y México, para conocerlas, analizarlas y valorarlas desde las dimensiones e indicadores propuestos y en el marco de los Objetivos para el Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) formulados en la Agenda 2030. Dichas experiencias son aplicadas por estudiantes universitarios de diversas titulaciones, con el apoyo de organismos en red, como servicio a la comunidad, en sectores sociales vulnerables de infancia y juventud, de personas con discapacidad intelectual, comunidades indígenas, familias y otros grupos sensibles. El alumnado experimenta un notorio aprendizaje, al sumar teoría y práctica en situaciones reales, relacionadas con arte y patrimonio cultural, educación física, biblioteca infantil, formación de maestros, educación ambiental y ciudadana, participación solidaria, igualdad de género y el desarrollo y acompañamiento psicopedagógico. Muestra un marco referencial y prospectivo, convirtiendo el ApS de las dos orillas, en estrategias cooperativas de enseñanza, servicios y aprendizajes socioeducativos, que acercan universidad y sociedad, para la mejora académica, el crecimiento personal y grupal y la participación cívica y democrática, favoreciendo el conocimiento, la sensibilización y el compromiso hacia la justicia social y el logro progresivo de los ODS.
Diseño y construcción de un equipo de soldadura por fricción con asistencia láser para la unión de ejes de acero AISI 1045 y aluminio 2017-T4
Authors: Mullo José Luis , Ramos-Grez Jorge Andrés , Barrionuevo Germán Omar
Published: December 2021

La soldadura de materiales disímiles hace que los procesos de soldadura convencional no sean factibles de ser utilizados. La soldadura por fricción, por otro lado, ha demostrado ser una tecnología prometedora capaz de unir materiales sin que la temperatura supere su punto de fusión. Sin embargo, la obtención de las propiedades mecánicas de la junta soldada con características similares a los materiales base sigue siendo un desafío. En el desarrollo de este trabajo se diseñó y fabricó un equipo de soldadura por fricción rotatoria con asistencia láser. Para proporcionar el movimiento rotatorio se empleó un torno convencional de 3 HP de potencia y para generar fricción se diseñó un sistema hidráulico de presión el cual aplica fuerza axial mediante un cilindro de simple efecto para obtener la unión entre los materiales base. En el equipo implementado se realizaron uniones de ejes de acero AISI 1045 con aluminio 2017-T6; las uniones soldadas se evaluaron metalúrgicamente, haciendo hincapié en la composición química en la interfaz de la soldadura. Para la caracterización de la microestructura se empleó microscopía electrónica de barrido (SEM), espectroscopía de dispersión de energía (EDS) y espectrometría de emisión óptica de descarga luminiscente (GDOES) para medir la composición inicial de los materiales que se soldaron. Los resultados obtenidos muestran una adecuada unión entre los materiales base, denotando la utilidad del equipo fabricado para la unión de materiales disimiles.
[RETRACTED] Alpha IQ Brain! v1
Authors: Brain IQ Alpha
Published: December 2021

[RETRACTED]

Alpha IQ Brain 【ACTIVE 2021】 Price, Benefits, Scam or Legit?
Test v1
Authors: S S. Pela Marlena
Published: December 2021

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Joan Timoneda y la canción popular catalana titulada La cena:
Authors: Mahiques Climent Joan
Published: December 2021

En un pliego poético de dos hojas, impreso en 1556, se incluye un poema eucarístico escrito por Joan Timoneda en catalán que comienza «En la cena consagrada / fon posat aquest sant pa». Este poema desarrolla la alegoría del molino místico y ha pervivido en la tradición oral a través de una canción titulada La cena y documentada en los siglos xix-xx, de la cual se han recolectado diversas versiones orales, algunas de ellas con notación musical, y también se conocen por lo menos dos hojas volanderas decimonónicas. Este artículo se centra especialmente en una edición de hoja volandera que transmite por una cara La cena y por la otra, según el ejemplar que se tome en consideración, hasta cuatro textos diferentes. Esto nos lleva a suponer que esta edición de La cena, con sus diferentes soluciones tipográficas, fue compuesta imprimiendo la canción catalana sobre la cara no usada de diferentes hojas que ya habían sido impresas anteriormente por la otra cara. Así pues, se trataría de un caso de reutilización de las existencias que el impresor no había logrado vender. Los datos expuestos también permiten concluir que esta edición no es anterior a 1841. La otra edición de La cena fue impresa en Barcelona por Miquel Borràs, probablemente en 1845.
Eşenadası Alageyik Üretme İstasyonunda bulunan Alageyik (Dama dama Linnaeus, 1758) populasyonu üreme parametrelerinin fotokapan ile belirlenmesi
Authors: YOLCU Halil İbrahim , SERTTAŞ Ayhan , ALKAN Uğur Melih , ÜNAL Yasin , ESEN Süleyman , YILDIRIM Serhat
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmada; Antalya-Düzlerçamı, Eşenadası Alageyik Üretme İstasyonundaki alageyik (Dama dama) populasyonunun üreme ve yaşama oranları belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Çiftleşme döneminde, çiftleşme yalakları 3 ay boyunca (Eylül-Kasım, 2017) 52 adet fotokapan ile izlenmiştir. Bu süreçte izlenen yalaklarda çiftleşme gerçekleşmemiştir. Bu dönemden sonra (Aralık 2017) alan 30 parsele ayrılmış ve tüm bu parseller 32 adet fotokapan ile toplamda 20 ay boyunca izlenmiştir. 2018 yılı Mayıs ayında ilk doğum gerçekleşmiş ve doğan yavrular 2019 yılı Temmuz ayı sonuna kadar (15 ay) izlenmiştir. En yüksek yavru sayısı, Şubat 2019 da 31 adet olarak sayılmıştır. 2019 yılında 4 adet ölü/öldürülmüş birey tespit edilmiştir. Üretme istasyonunda alageyik dışında alana girip çıkan karakulak (Caracal caracal), yaban keçisi (Capra aegagrus), 2019 yılı Nisan ayında birkaç gün alanda görülen çakal (Canis aureus) ve bir kez görüntülenen vaşak (Lynx lynx) tespit edilmiştir. Alanı sürekli kullanan büyük memeli türleri ise yaban domuzu (Sus scrofa), tilki (Vulpes vulpes) ve porsuk (Meles meles)’tur. Yapılan çalışma sonucunda üretme istasyonunda, alageyiklerin sağlıklı bir şekilde üredikleri ve doğan yavruları yüksek oranda yaşattıkları belirlenmiştir. Ancak alageyiklerin çiftleşme yalaklarında çiftleştiği bilgisinin doğru olmadığı 2 yıl üst üste (2016-2017) yapılan izleme çalışması sonunda görülmüştür.
Immediately sequential bilateral cataract surgery: pros and cons
Authors: Pokrovsky Dmitry F.
Published: December 2021

This review presents the main pros and cons of immediately sequential bilateral cataract surgery versus delayed sequential bilateral cataract surgery. The main arguments against immediately sequential bilateral cataract surgery are the likelihood of postoperative bilateral endophthalmitis and refractive errors. At the same time, a careful selection of patients, implementation of safety recommendations and the use of intracameral antibiotics, combined with the improvement of formulas for calculating intraocular lenses, provide the advantages of immediately sequential bilateral cataract surgery associated with the rapid rehabilitation of patients after surgery and economic reasons.
Force control in girder-cable systems
Authors: Averchenko Gleb A. , Vasilev Kirill A. , Rudakova Elena A. , Shashko Anastasiya I. , Borisov Vyacheslav A.
Published: December 2021

The object of the study is the forces in the beam-cable systems. The introduction of these systems in construction is associated with the task of creating a pre-stress in order to regulate the stress-strain state of the beam-cable system as a whole. Prestressing will make it possible to rationally use high-strength materials in the structure, and to design the structure economically. When designing girder-cable-stayed structures of bridge spans, it is necessary to determine the sequence of stresses of the structural elements-shrouds in order to regulate the forces in the beam element of the structure. This problem is considered in this article. The dynamic programming method is used to regulate the stress-strain state of the system by pulling the shrouds in the optimal sequence. To solve the problems, formulas for the output value and the optimality criterion, as well as the matrix, are given. As a result, the values of the output values of interest at all stages of the tension of the shrouds are found.
Study of serum bilirubin as a diagnostic method to predict acute perforated appendicitis
Authors: Marimuthu Valarmathi , Ilamparuthi Chiddharth Venkateshan
Published: December 2021

Background: Acute appendicitis is the commonest cause of ‘acute surgical abdomen’. Appendicectomy is the most frequently performed urgent abdominal operation and is often the first major procedure performed by a surgeon in training. The aim of the study was to whether hyperbilirubinemia might be used as a diagnostic tool to predict perforated appendicitis.Methods: This study comprised patients who presented with the condition of appendicitis and abnormal liver function tests on admission and had a laparoscopic or open appendectomy. The age information, duration of symptoms, temperature, white blood cell counts, bilirubin levels, and histology data were gathered. Peritoneal fluid was cultured and examined for sensitivity.Results: The average bilirubin level of all participating patients was 0.92 mg/dl (range, 0.1-4.3 mg/dl). The mean bilirubin levels were higher for patients with simple appendicitis compared to those with a non-inflamed appendix (0.7 mg/dl and 0.4 mg/dl, p<0.001). Hyperbilirubinaemia was reported to have a specificity of 89% and a positive predictive value of 90.02% for acute appendicitis. Patients with appendiceal perforation, however, had a mean bilirubin level of 1.7 mg/dl and were more likely to have hyperbilirubinaemia (p<0.001). The specificity of hyperbilirubinaemia for perforation or gangrene was 73%.Conclusions: Patients with hyperbilirubinemia with appendicitis condition should be screened for a greater risk of appendiceal perforation than those with normal bilirubin levels.
Impact of electronic vaccine intelligence network application used in immunization sessions in Pune city
Authors: Mahanubhav Damini S. , Salunke Nandkumar M. , Shelke Sangita C. , Parande Malangori A. , Tambe Muralidhar P.
Published: December 2021

Background: Millions of deaths due to various diseases have been reduced globally as well as in India since inception of vaccination programme. In order to avoid the instances of cold chain failure and ensure constant monitoring of temperature of cold chain equipment’s Electronic vaccine intelligence network (eVIN) technology was adopted by Government of India.Methods: A mixed methodology design with both qualitative as well as quantitative components were studied. This study was conducted in 16 immunization centres spread across the metropolitan Pune city in western Maharashtra.Results: Vaccine beneficiaries increased for polio 814 (3.25%), DPT1643 (21.79%), MR 9615 (23.02%) and IPV 2297 (23.58) vaccine after execution of eVIN app. Vaccine availability of BCG (6.04%), Polio (20.02%), MR (64.24%), IPV (11.38%) and hep B had increased as compared to the other vaccines. The vaccine wastage decreased for penta (8.64%), IPV (123.98%), TT (32.63%) and hep B (47%) vaccines post eVIN application compared to the pre eVIN. The qualitative study included in depth interviews, key informants’ interview and focus group discussions. Various themes and subthemes emerged like the user-friendliness of app, difficulties faced by health care workers, their suggestions for improvements in the app.Conclusions: The eVIN system is playing a pivotal role in effective and efficient management of vaccine supply, maintaining stock availability and monitoring. To reduce vaccine wastage usage of small dose vials in immunization sessions would be helpful.
Psychological factors that affect mental resilience in crises
Authors: Esmail Mustafa Elsaied , Mansour Bukhary Abdul Baqi , Addas Abdulaziz Khalid , Raei Maaz Ahmed , Alzayed Abdullah Abdulrahman , Alreemi Yahya Mohammad , Al Harban Yousef Shamlan , Alwani Shakr Fawaz , Alfuraih Tameem Ahmed , Alhawaj Ali Hassan , Alzahrani Muhannad Saad
Published: December 2021

Psychopathological morbidities represent a significant burden over the different sectors of populations exposed to the different crises. Many factors can contribute to the development of these events, including economic, health-related, and psychological factors. In addition, different factors can affect resilience, including demographic, environmental, and psychological factors. Many original studies have highlighted the impact of these factors on resilience in these settings. In the present literature review, we discussed the different psychological factors associated with resilience following a crisis. Some factors include the sense of avoidance and fear of being harmed or impacted by these crises. Our findings indicate the impact of different factors on psychological resilience during these events. For instance, reports show that fear of catching and transmitting the infection during infectious diseases pandemics was associated with reduced resilience and increased anxiety and stress. On the other hand, lockdown measures were associated with better resilience. In addition, social support, coping strategies, and adequate training and experience are essential factors that significantly contribute to resilience in a crisis.
Mechanical, technical, and biological complications of dental implants
Authors: Bukhari Meisan Ali , Almalki Nada Ghurmallah , Alkhudhayr Abdullah Mohammed , Alburaiki Sana Zaki , Aljumaiah Alya Zyad , Haddad Sawaher Khaleel , Jan Heba Tariq , Alrowaithy Hamad Murayshid , Alqahtani Norah Ali , Toras Mohanned Majdi , Alwadei Rayan Hussain
Published: December 2021

Evidence indicates the effectiveness of these modalities in enhancing the quality of life for the affected patients. Furthermore, many previous investigations have assessed the survival rates of these modalities. Estimates show that implant-supported fixed partial dentures have survival rates of up to 10 years. However, it should be noted that many complications were reported following implantation procedures. These events can reduce the prognosis of the process and worsen the outcomes by decreasing the survival rate. The present literature review aims to provide evidence regarding dental implants' technical, biological, and mechanical complications. It should be noted that the incidence of these complications is generally decreasing based on the recent advance in the field. Adequate knowledge of the landmarks, careful treatment planning, proper case selection, obtaining a comprehensive history and information about implant procedure, and proper sterilization protocol are all different factors that can enhance the prognosis of the implant procedure. These can also reduce the frequency of the reported complications. Furthermore, these complications can be further reduced by being up to date with the recent advances and potential problem-solving research that usually provides adequate solutions that can reduce the frequency of these complications.
Avaliação externa: implicações na avaliação escolar
Authors: Alvernaz Aline , Souza Nádia M. P. , Henrique José
Published: December 2021

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi verificar as implicações da avaliação externa nas práticas de avaliação do processo ensino-aprendizagem nas escolas. A pesquisa é qualitativa e foram selecionados dez professores oriundos de duas escolas da rede estadual de ensino do Rio de Janeiro, sendo que uma delas alcançou as metas estabelecidas pela rede e recebeu bonificação salarial para os professores. Os dados foram coletados mediante entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os resultados revelam um engessamento das práticas avaliativas e uma supervalorização dos testes objetivos que reproduzem os moldes das avaliações externas. Há predominância dos aspectos quantitativos sobre os qualitativos e a caracterização do modelo essencialmente classificatório da avaliação escolar.
Detection of pesticides in environmental and food matrix: A review
Authors: Jani Mithlesh
Published: December 2021

The Pesticides are widely used as the key to increase the agricultural yield in the world. Pesticides are used incautiously and in uncontrolled manner to compensate shortage of food due to ever increase in population and rapid urbanization. Because of this, concentration of pesticides in environment and food matrix is increased which causes difficulties in maintaining healthy lifestyle and becomes a root cause of multiple diseases. Hence, strict rules and regulations are made which are followed by government and are bound to regularly monitor these compounds. With time, numerous traditional to conventional methods are developed for extraction and detection of these compounds from environmental and food matrix. The present study explains overview of all-inclusive traditional to advanced methods for pre-treatment and detection of pesticides with its residues from environmental and food matrix. Also discussed about comparisons between these methods with applicability, advantages and disadvantages over one another.
A review on lupus disease, symptoms and their treatment with traditional medicines
Authors: Kumar Ravi , Rana Harshit , Gautam Girendra Kumar , Kumar Gautam
Published: December 2021

Lupus erythematous is an autoimmune illness that mostly affects women and has no recognized cause. The classical period, the neoclassical period and the modern period are the three periods in the history of lupus erythematous. Important discoveries have occurred at each period allowing for a better understanding of a conditions.Pericarditis, valvular lesions and myocardial dysfunction, particularly mild pericarditis. As a result, echocardiography should be done on SLE patients on a regular basis. Vascular blockage, including coronary arteries can occur as a result of SLE related vasculitis early atherosclerosis or antiphospholipid antibodies. The immune system of the body becomes overactive and targets normal, healthy tissue. Inflammation, swelling and damage to the skin, joints, skin, kidney, blood, heart, and lungs are among the symptoms and medicinal treatment commonly used with the help of ayurvedic treatment, allopathic treatment and homeopathic treatment.
Self medication among under-graduate students in IGIMS, Patna - An observational & prospective study
Authors: Hameed Saajid , Yadav Shambhu Kumar
Published: December 2021

Inapt medical use is a major problem to ensure effective and safe treatment. Most common health diseases are treated by the people themselves without medical supervision, commonly referred to as self-medication (SM). However, it is also known that responsible SM must be accompanied by relevant health information. It has become a serious problem that raises concerns about misdiagnosis and drug reactions as well.

To determine the pattern of SM procedures, to identify common diseases and common drugs used, SM causes and to examine the relationship between the level of medical education and SM practices among undergraduate medical students.

A structured and validated questionnaire was used for the study to collect information regarding age, gender, awareness of SM practice, type of drugs self-medicated and source of information. Students were also interviewed to check their knowledge and attitude towards self-medication. Results obtained from this study were presented in tabular form and data were interpreted by using Microsoft Excel 365 software.

Out of 387, 365 students (94.32%) students accepted self-medication practice. Most of the self-medicators used the medicines for fever (24.11%) followed by common cold (17.26%) and headache (16.71%). Paracetamol was used by 51.78% of students. Most of the students took self-medications for quick relief and for minor ailments.

our study shows that SM is most prevalent in medical students of North India. Schedule H drugs have also been used without a prescription. This highlights the need for improved drug control.
An observational study on patient compliance and adverse drug reactions of antihypertensives drugs in a tertiary care center of Bihar
Authors: Pandit Mrityunjay Kumar , Gaurav Kumar , Kumar Jeetendra
Published: December 2021

Hypertension is among the most common non-communicable and lifestyle disease in our country that affects adult population of both the genders from all socio-economic backgrounds and urban and rural population. In-spite of this, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are suboptimal. Adherence of prescribed treatment has been studied in patients of hypertension in this study.

: An observational and cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pharmacology, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College and Hospital, Bhagalpur, Bihar. Prior to the initiation of the study, clearance was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee. Study period was between January 2021 and June 2021.A predesigned pretested interview schedule was used to collect the data from the 247 study participants. This schedule contained information related to socio-demographic variables, comorbidity, a format to assess the compliance to antihypertensive drugs prescribed and any adverse event.

: A significant improvement in maintain optimal in blood pressure was observed in patients treated with one pill per day as compared to patients prescribed with two and three pills per day. Compliance was significantly better in patients in combination therapy as compared to monotherapy.

: Low dose combination therapy has been stated to be more effective than high dose monotherapy in controlling blood pressure. It shows better compliance and lesser incidence of side-effects.
Determination of antioxidant activity of beetroot lip balm by Fluorimetry and HPTLC methods
Authors: Sunitha N , Babu S Manohar , Rao B Appa
Published: December 2021

Lip balm was prepared and its antioxidant activity was determined by PFRAP, CUPRAC, Flourimetry methods and results of emission spectra was examined and fournd to possess almost same concentration of 0.3 ug/ml. And the ascorbic acid was determined by HPTLC method and the Rvalue of the lip balm was found to be 0.98 and is near to the abscorbic acid sample. And hence proved that beetroot lip balm was found to possess antioxidant activityThe anti oxidant activity was determined and was found to be simple, novel and economical.
Guía para la transversalización de los enfoques de género y diversidad en el desarrollo de cursos en línea
Authors: Cotón Xenia , Urgoiti Aristegui Ana
Published: December 2021

Esta publicación pretende contribuir a que en la formación en línea se incluyan las dimensiones culturales y de diversidad, así como la igualdad de género, e influir en la sociedad a través de la formación para cambiar la percepción distinta que se tiene de los roles que juegan las mujeres y los hombres en esta. Cuando se desarrolla cualquier tipo de curso, se debe considerar llegar, al menos, a que sea neutral, que no perpetúe los estereotipos y no sea ofensivo para ningún grupo humano. Este tipo de guías pueden inspirar a los profesionales de la educación a aplicar la perspectiva de género en sus cursos, pero son lineamientos pensados exclusivamente para aquellos basados en temáticas ligadas al género. En lo respectivo a la diversidad, tampoco se encuentran guías claras de cómo aplicar lineamientos de diversidad en el diseño, desarrollo, implementación y evaluación de los cursos. Encontramos mucha bibliografía ligada a la educación primaria y en las aulas, pero no así para la educación de adultos o la formación en línea. Con esta guía, desde el BID, se pretende compartir el conocimiento adquirido por el INDES en el desarrollo de cursos más inclusivos y respetuosos con la diversidad y el género independientemente de su temática. Se han desarrollado lineamientos específicos de cómo desarrollarlos con perspectiva de género y diversidad. Así mismo, la guía comparte buenas prácticas para ser aplicadas en todas las fases de creación de los cursos.
Compartilhando Informações em Grupos: A Aceitação e o uso do Aplicativo de Mensagens Instantâneas Whatsapp
Authors: Radons Daiane Lindner , Löbler Mauri Leodir
Published: December 2021

WhatsApp é um dos aplicativos mais populares no mundo e possibilita a criação de grupos para diferentes propósitos. Assim, investigar as motivações intrínsecas do indivíduo para o uso dessa mídia social pode colaborar no entendimento do comportamento online. Nesse sentido, este artigo tem por objetivo verificar a influência da participação em grupos na aceitação e na intenção de usar o WhatsApp. Para tanto, foi realizada uma survey com discentes de uma instituição de ensino superior. Foram utilizados dois modelos teóricos: o da teoria unificada de aceitação e uso da tecnologia II – UTAUT II (Venkatesh, Thong, & Xu, 2012) e o nível de participação em grupos (Bronstein et al., 2016). Os resultados demonstraram que a participação em grupos influencia positivamente a expectativa de desempenho, a influência social, a motivação hedônica e o hábito. A intenção de uso do WhatsApp é impactada, de forma positiva, pela expectativa de desempenho, expectativa de esforço, motivação hedônica e hábito.
Vegetation and Soil Carbon under Various Forest Management Types: Case of Karang Sidemen Community Forest in Lombok, Eastern Indonesia
Authors: Idris Muhamad Husni , Latifah Sitti , Setiawan Budhy , Aji Irwan Mahakam Lesmono , Sari Diah Permata
Published: December 2021

The condition of community-managed forest areas varies according to biophysics characteristics and management activities. This study aims to investigate the condition of vegetation and soil carbon stocks of various types of forest management by the community in Karang Sidemen Village, Lombok, Indonesia. In the study area, it was found 4 types of landuse management, namely; dense forest-like vegetation (Tp1), moderate vegetation with intensive (Tp2) and less intensive (Tp3) under-stand cultivation, and sparse vegetation resembling dryland agriculture (Tp4). Vegetation condition was analyzed based on satellite derived NDVI index and field observation. Sentinel satellite images for 2015 and 2019, with a resolution of 10x10 m was used. Field data collection was carried out in August 2019. It was made 5 sample plots of 20x20 m for each management type. Vegetation data with diameter (D) ≥ 20 cm, 10 cm ≤D< 20 cm, 2 cm ≤D< 10 cm and D< 2 cm were collected from plots of 20x20 m, subplots 10x10 m, 5x5 m and 2x2 m, respectively. Soil samples were taken diagonally on a 20x20 m plot, at a depth of 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm. The results showed that the NDVI derived vegetation index for 2015 and 2019 images showed different patterns for the four types of management. The number of species for Tp1, Tp2, Tp3 and Tp4 were 9, 15, 9 and 8 species, respectively. The dominant species are generally from groups of plants providing economic benefits such as avocado (Persea americana), candlenut (Aleurites moluccana), cocoa (Theobroma cacao), coffee (Coffea canephora), jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus), mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) and guava (Psidium guajava). Soil carbon stocks of the four types of management at a depth of 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm were18.61-21.04 tons C/ha, 16.56-20.80 tons C/ha, 29.66-34.48 tons C/ha and 27.54 - 33.66 tons C/ha, respectively. The soil carbon stock of denser vegetation is higher than that of medium and sparse vegetation. Therefore, forest management with the community needs to maintain forest-like vegetation.
Of time, patience, and ceremony
Authors: Adams Dawn Hill , Barlo Stuart , Belasco Jo L.
Published: December 2021

A response to “Confronting storms, fires, and pestilence: Meaningful evaluation for a hazardous world” by Juha I. Uitto (2021).