bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors for Early and Late Onset Preeclampsia in Reunion island: Multivariate Analysis of Singleton and Twin Pregnancies. A 20-year Population-Based Cohort of 2120 Preeclampsia Cases
Authors: Robillard Pierre-Yves , Boukerrou Malik , Dekker Gustaaf , Scioscia Marco , Bonsante Francesco , Boumahni Brahim , Iacobelli Silvia
Published: July 2021

Objectives: To develop a multivariate model for risk factors specific to early onset preeclampsia (EOP) and late onset preeclampsia (LOP) in our entire population (singleton and twin pregnancies). Material and methods: 20 year-observational population-based historical cohort study (2001-2020). All consecutive births delivered at the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Hospitalier Sud Reunion’s maternity. A standardized validated epidemiological perinatal data base. Results: During the 20-year period, there were 81,834 pregnancies and 83,555 infants born, 1232 dichorionic and 350 monochorionic twin pregnancies. There were 2120 cases of preeclampsia, of which 2001preeclamptic singleton pregnancies and 119 twin pregnancies (incidence 7.5% in twin pregnancies vs 2.5% singletons, OR 3.0, p<0.001). Independent risk factors for EOP and LOP in a multivariate model (controlling for the two major confounders: namely maternal ages -both risks for EOP and LOP- and maternal pre-pregnancy BMI – specific risk factor for LOP) were: history of preeclampsia (aOR 11.7 for EOP, 7.8 for LOP, p < 0.0001), chronic hypertension (aOR 7.3 for EOP, 3.9 for LOP, p < 0.0001), history of perinatal death (aOR 2.2 for EOP, p < 0.0001 and 1.48 for LOP, p= 0.007), primipaternity (aOR 3.0 for EOP and 3.6 for LOP, p = 0.001), dizygotic twin pregnancies (aOR 3.7 for EOP, p < 0.0001 and 2.1 for LOP, p = 0.003), monozygotic twin pregnancies (aOR 3.98 for EOP, p = 0.003 and NS for LOP), ovulation induction (aOR 5.6 for EOP, p = 0.004 and NS for LOP), and in vitro fertilization (aOR 2.8 for EOP, p = 0.05 and NS for LOP). Specific to LOP and NS for EOP: renal diseases (aOR for LOP 2.9, p= 0.007) and gestational diabetes mellitus (aOR 1.2, p= 0.04). Conclusions: Maternal ages over 35 years, chronic hypertension , history of preeclampsia, ovulation induction, in vitro fertilizations, history of perinatal deaths and twin pregnancy (in our experience, especially mono zygotic twin pregnancies) are significant risk factors for EOP. New paternity is an independent factor for both EOP and LOP.
Non-Modifiable Risk Factors (Age and Sex), Stroke Types, and Outcomes in Rivers State, Nigeria: A Retrospective Hospital-Based Study
Authors: Osuegbu Osborne Ikechuckwu , Adeniji Foluke Olukemi , Owhonda Golden Chukwuemaka , Kanee Rogers Bariture , Alblihed M , Batiha Gaber El-Saber , Aigbogun Eric Osamudiamwen
Published: July 2021

This study used structural equation modelling (SEM) to evaluate the direct effect of sex and age on stroke types and outcomes in Tertiary Health Facilities in Rives State, Nigeria. The study was a cross-sectional retrospective hospital-based research that utilized specific stroke patients’ information between 2015-2019. The study obtained the sex and age, stroke type (ischemic/hemorrhagic), and outcomes (No disability/disability/death) from the records. The retrieved data was Microsoft Excel (2016), then analyzed using SPSS (version 21, Amos) and STATGRAPHICS centurion (Stat Point Tech., Inc.). From the result, out of the recorded 1916 stroke patients, 1229 (64.1%) were female, while 687 (35.9%) were males. The older adults (>55 years) had more recorded cases (n=1289) than young adults (ages 18–35 years; n=77) and middle-aged adults (ages 36–55 years, n=550). The SEM results showed that age was significantly associated with stroke type (P<0.001) and outcomes (P=0.038), while sex was significantly associated with stroke outcomes (P<0.001). The likelihood of death was 1.3 times higher in hemorrhagic stroke than ischemic stroke. In conclusion, age and sex had direct effects on stroke type, while age had a direct effect on stroke outcome. Hemorrhagic stroke was more likely to cause death than ischemic stroke in the studied population.
“Motorcycle Ambulance” the Policy to Promote Health and Sustainable Development in Large Cities
Authors: Apiratwarakul Korakot , Suzuki Takaaki , Çelebi İsmet , Tiamkao Somsak , Bhudhisawasdi Vajarabhongsa , Pearkao Chatkane , Ienghong Kamonwon
Published: July 2021

Motorcycles can be considered a new form of smart vehicle when taking into account their small and modern structure and due to the fact that nowadays they are used in the new role of ambu-lance to rapidly reach emergency patients in large cities with traffic congestion. However, there is no study regarding the measuring of access time for motorcycle ambulances in large cities of Thailand. Therefore, this study aims to compare access times to patients between motorcycle ambulances and conventional ambulances, including analysis of the use of AED installed on motorcycle ambulances to contribute to the sustainable development of public health policies. In two hundred and seventy-one operations, it was found that the times from dispatch to vehicle (ambulance and motorlance) being en route and times from the 1669 center (center for com-mand-and-control EMS in Thailand) call receipt to arrival on scene (response time) of motorcycle ambulances was shorter than that of a conventional ambulance and the use of AED on a motor-cycle ambulance can increase the chances of survival for patients with cardiac arrest outside the hospital in public places where AEDs are not available and in all cases where access to an AED was less than eight minutes.
Multi-channel Precision Voltage Source for Experiments on Quantum Dots
Authors: Tang Yumei , Liu Kefu
Published: July 2021

To realize precise control of single quantum dots (Qdots) device, the high-performance bias source play the key role. In this paper, the 16-channel high precision voltage bias source prototype for Qdots device with 18-bit resolution was designed. The prototype was made and its performance was tested. The short time fluctuations can reach 50μV. The up-step and the down-step response time can achieve less than 3μs. The stability, linearity and setting time of the bias source exhibits good performance. What's more, the voltage bias source can be controlled by local and online. The results show that it is one effective and feasible topology for the high precision voltage bias source in Qdots device application.
Longitudinal Secretion of Paramyxovirus RNA in the Urine of Straw-Coloured Fruit Bats (Eidolon helvum)
Authors: Jolma Elli Rosa , Gibson Louise , Suu-Ire Richard D. , Fleischer Grace , Asumah Samuel , Languon Sylvester , Restif Olivier , Wood James L. N. , Cunningham Andrew A.
Published: July 2021

The straw-coloured fruit bat (Eidolon helvum) is widespread in sub-Saharan Africa and is widely hunted for bushmeat. It is known to harbour a range of paramyxoviruses, including rubuloviruses and henipaviruses, but the zoonotic potential of these is unknown. We previously found a diversity of paramyxoviruses within a small, captive colony of E. helvum after it had been closed to contact with other bats for five years. In this study, we used under-roost urine collection to further investigate the paramyxovirus diversity and ecology in this colony, which had been closed to the outside for ten years at the time of sampling. By sampling urine weekly throughout an entire year, we investigated possible seasonal patterns of shedding of virus or viral RNA. Using a generic paramyxovirus L-gene PCR, we detected eight distinct paramyxovirus RNA sequences. Six distinct sequences were detected using a Henipavirus-specific PCR which targeted a different region of the L-gene. Sequence detection had a bi-annual pattern, with the greatest peak in July, although different RNA sequences appeared to have different shedding patterns. No significant associations were detected between sequence detection and birthing season, environmental temperature or humidity, and no signs of illness were detected in any of the bats in the colony during the period of sample collection.
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN BELAJAR KEAKSARAAN BERBASIS CERITA RAKYAT KUTAI KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Authors: Widayanti Tri Widayati, O Dollar Sihombing,
Published: July 2021

This instructional material development was intended to develop literacy learning material based on Kutai East Kalimantan folklore and examine the approriateness of the learning material. The research was conducted at Community Learning Center of Puteri Karang Melenu, Kutai Kartanegara District, as from May through October 2011. The development model applied ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Develop, Implement, Evaluate) using purposive sampling technique. T-test result for paired samples showed that there was a significant difference between pre-test score and post-test score of the students after used folklore learning material. Meanwhile, from try-out of learning material quality, it was discovered that the criteria for function aspect was very good and the criteria for material, lay out, and language was good.
AKADEMI KOMUNITAS DAN PENERAPAN MASTER PLAN PERLUASAN DAN PERCEPATAN PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI INDONESIA (MP3EI)
Authors: Agung Iskandar
Published: July 2021

The establishment of Community Academy (CA) as a vocational education diploma one and/or two stipulated in Law No. 12/2012 fit 59 is an effort to increase the Gross Enrollment Ratio (GER) for higher education (HE), to develop human resource quality, and to provide an opportunity for the region to have a public university. In addition, the establishment of CA is expected to support the implementation and expansion of regional economic growth, as set out in the MP3EI concept initiated by the government. However, the results obtained by the study, the establishment of CA is still reaping a number of problems related to determining the course, the accuracy of the location of the appointment and organization of the study program, and the pattern of development and the ongoing working relationship. Having critically analyzed the problems, this article recommends to (a) conduct an in-depth and thorough assessment to determine the program of study in CA; (b) negotiate the establishment of CA with â€˜assignmentâ€™ type and provide the opportunities for private sector CA to participate; (c) substitute the courses conducted by CA in certain regions ; (d) change the distribution budgent patterns: and (e) set a special teamwork responsible directly to the Minister of Education and Culture.
PENGEMBANGAN KETERAMPILAN MEMBANTU DIRI SENDIRI PADA ANAK PANTI ASUHAN USIA 4-5 TAHUN
Authors: Ristiaji Yunitami Ade Dwi Utami
Published: July 2021

This study aims to investigate the case of the self-help skills in the orphanage children aged 4-5 years old. The study took place at Yayasan Arrohmaniyah Panti Asuhan Yatim Piatu Anniâ€™mah, Cakung, East Jakarta. The method used in this research is a case study. Data collection techniques used was observation, interview, and documentation. In the data analysis, this study using Miles and Huberman. Activities undertaken in the analysis of data such as data reduction, data display and conclusion drawing / verification. Orphanage children who are in the age range 4-5 years to be subjects in this study. In the observations made during the study obtained data is that children aged 4-5 years living in orphanages have had self-help skills. Self-help skills possessed these children appear in fulfilling the needs and tasks that can be done without the intervention of an adult. Field data indicate that the opportunity to do the task and given caregiver needs. Attempts are made in the process of growing self-help skills provided caregivers on Yayasan Arrohmaniyah Panti Asuhan Yatim Piatu Anniâ€™mah.
PENGALAMAN PUSAT KEGIATAN BELAJAR MASYARAKAT (PKBM) DALAM MEMFASILITASI MASYARAKAT BELAJAR SEPANJANG HAYAT
Authors: Septiani Mita
Published: July 2021

The objective of this research is to provide a thorough description of the Community Learning Centres (CLC) experiences in facilitating the local communities to implement lifelong learning. This study is a qualitative research with a phenomenology method conducted at North Jakarta in 2015. The data were collected at six CLCs through informan observation using depth interview, observation, document study, and recording as from March through June 2015. The data analysis and interpretation indicated that (1) the implementation of CLC roles and function were categorized in eight themes: (a) indentifying the community needs, (b) promoting the education program, (c) providing potential resources, (d) building cooperation with partners, (e) monitoring and evaluating program,(f) conducting alternative education, (g) providing information and learning centres, (h) conducting community development; (2) analyzing the strengths and weakness of CLCs; and (3) giving recommendation to improve the roles of CLCs in facilitating lifelong learning society at North Jakarta.The findings lead to the recommendation for policy makers, CLC management, learning community, educational technology, and further researchers about how to facilitate learning in non-formal education, especially in CLCs.
HUBUNGAN GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN DAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI DENGAN KINERJA PAMONG BELAJAR DI SANGGAR KEGIATAN BELAJAR (SKB)
Authors: Ahmad Izzudin Abdul Rahmat,
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this research is to give further description how leadership factor and organizationalr cultural factor can contribute or related to the performance gained by the tutors in the organization by looking at (a) the relation between leadership style and tutorâ€™s performance, (b) the relation between organizational culture and tutorâ€™s performance, and (c) the relation between leadership style and organizational culture with tutorâ€™s performance. This positivistic research employed survey method and conducted in Community Learning Center (SKB) Limboto, Gorontalo District, as from September through November 2014. The data were collected by distributing questionnaires to the tutors, interviewing informant, and studying the document and then analyzed using path analysis. The result of the study indicates (a) leadership style has significant relation with the tutorâ€™s performance, (b) organization culture has significant relation with tutorâ€™s performance, and (c) between leadership style and organizational culture simultaneously has significant relation with tutorâ€™s performance.
IDENTIFIKASI AFEKSI PATERNAL PADA AYAH DARI ANAK USIA DINI DI KOTA KUPANG
Authors: Beatriks Novianti Kiling, Indra Yohanes Fitriany Karunia Muh. Wangge, Friandry Windisany Thoomaszen,
Published: July 2021

The father parenting an early aged child with emotion or good paternal affection has various positive effects. However, presumably the fathers in Eastern Indonesia has not implemented it well. This research aims at discovering paternal affection and its relations with demographic factors. Samples used in this research totaled 158 fathers each of which had a child of 0 â€“ 8 years old. The samples were determined by employing incidental sampling technique. The research conducted as from November 2015 through March 2016 used questioner with 10 statement items. The collected data was analyzed with descriptive statistics. The findings showed that the fathers in Kupang City had high paternal affection supporting by the fact that 158 samples of paternal affection were categorized high. The finding proves, the fathers in Kupang City fully realize their important involvement in emotional parenting. The research also discovered several patterns of paternal affection based on the some demographic factors. The positive research findings should be followed up by concerned parties in Kupang City. They also should verify the findings and motivate as well as improve the fathersâ€™ capacity in emotional parenting. This action will assist to clarify the process and the meaning behind the interaction between fatherâ€™s parenting and early aged child.
PEMEROLEHAN BAHASA ANAK: KAJIAN ASPEK FONOLOGI PADA ANAK USIA 2 - 2,5 TAHUN
Authors: Yanti Prima Gusti
Published: July 2021

This article aims to explain child language acquisition 2--2.5 years of age phonological aspects which include the acquisition of vowels, consonants, and factors affecting the phonological acquisition. The research was conducted in Jakarta from August 2011 through February 2012 .The method used in this research was qualitative method with case study approach. Sources of data were obtained from TPM and these data were collected during six months of observation, diaries, and interviews. The findings in this article shows that TPM has mastered the phoneme [a], [i], [u], [e], [o], [âˆ‚], [Ñ”], and [ÎŸ]. Vowel phonemes was mastered at the age of 2 years and 1 month. The first vowel that it controls is a vowel [a], [i] and [u], then the front vowel [i], [e], [Îµ], and then back vowel [u], [o], [ ×›], and vowel [âˆ‚], [a]. Double vowel sound that is not a diphthong also been mastered by the age of 2 years and 3 months, for example, [au], [ai] and [ue]. However, the original diphthong [au] and [ai] recently mastered at age 2 years and 6 months. Meanwhile, the consonant [p], [b], [t], [d], [s], [h], [c], [j], [m], [n], [Å‹], [l ], [w] and [y] mastered well. Consonant [t], [s], [c], [j] and [Å‹] has appeared, but still fluctuates with another sound. The sound resistor velar [g] and [k] are not pronounced properly. The sound [k] is mastered if located in the middle and end of words. Sound fricative [f] and [v] and trill [r] has not yet emerged and mastered. TPM perform substitution pattern to pronounce phonemes had not conquered, such as phonemes [f], [v], [z], and [x]. The appearance of a wide range of variation in her phonological acquisition largely is caused by the incomplete of her speech organ. Research is still open for further research the acquisition of phonology because language acquisition TPM has yet to reach the Summit. But it can also examine language acquisition on aspects of other languages.
ЭКЗАНТЕМЫ ПРИ COVID-19 У ДЕТЕЙ: НУЖНА ЛИ ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ТЕРАПИЯ?
Authors: Руженцова Татьяна , Хавкина Дарья , Чухляев Павел , Гарбузов Александр , Попова Раиса , Мешкова Наталья
Published: July 2021

Цель – оценить необходимость и эффективность патогенетической терапии при экзантемах на фоне COVID-19 у детей.

Материалы и методы

Проанализированы данные историй болезней 55 детей в возрасте от 8 месяцев до 18 лет с подтвержденной инфекцией COVID-19, среди которых у 10 в период наблюдения была выявлена экзантема. Из пациентов 36 находились на стационарном лечении с диагнозом: внебольничная пневмония коронавирусной этиологии (вирус SARS-CoV-2) в детском инфекционном отделении ГБУЗ МО «МГКБ» г. Мытищи и 19 получали лечение амбулаторно по поводу ринофарингита и/или бронхита / трахеобронхита. Все пациенты получали стандартную терапию в соответствии с временными методическими рекомендациями. По показаниям, дополнительно назначали антигистаминные (в 29%), энтеросорбенты (в 35%) и другие препараты. Оценена частота появления, динамика и продолжительность сохранения экзантем у детей при назначении антигистаминных препаратов и/или энтеросорбентов.

Результаты

После добавления энтеросорбирующих препаратов отмечалось улучшение общего самочувствия, снижение выраженности и распространенности высыпаний. Среди детей, получавших энтеросорбенты до появления сыпи, экзантема появилась только у 1 ребёнка (5%), в то время как в отсутствии их – у 9 детей (25%, р<0,05).

При добавлении антигистаминных препаратов достоверного влияния на развитие экзантем выявлено не было. У 3 пациентов было отмечено снижение интенсивности зуда.

По продолжительности сохранения экзантемы не было получено достоверных различий, вероятно, из-за малого количества наблюдений.

Вывод

Энтеросорбенты при новой коронавирусной инфекции, вызываемой вирусом SARS-CoV-2, предупреждают развитие и способствуют купированию кожных проявлений.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЭКЗАНТЕМ ПРИ COVID-19 У ВЗРОСЛЫХ
Authors: Руженцова Татьяна , Хавкина Дарья , Чухляев Павел , Гарбузов Александр , Мешкова Наталья
Published: July 2021

Цель исследования – оценить частоту и изучить особенности кожных проявлений COVID-19 у взрослых.

Материалы и методы. Проанализировано 210 историй болезней пациентов в возрасте от 18 до 96 лет с подтвержденной коронавирусной инфекцией, вызванной вирусом SARS-CoV-2. Из них 156 пациентов (74%) наблюдались на дому в течение всего курса лечения, а 54 (26%) были госпитализированы в связи с ухудшением состояния или неэффективностью стартовой терапии на сроках от 3-х до 14-х суток с момента начала терапии. Большинство пациентов имели среднюю степень тяжести (66% - 139 пациентов), лёгкую – 30% (63 пациента), тяжёлую – 4% (8 пациентов), в том числе с летальным исходом – 2 случая (1%). Все пациенты получали стандартную терапию согласно временным методическим рекомендациям, по показаниям – другие лекарственные средства.

Результаты. Кожные проявления отмечались у 11 пациентов. Высыпания у пациентов появлялись в интервале от 1-х до 10-х суток от момента начала заболевания, при этом уртикарные и макуло-папулезные высыпания были отмечены на более ранних сроках – до 7-х суток, а геморрагические – на 5-10-е сутки. Продолжительность экзантемы составила от 3 до 14 суток, наиболее длительно сохранялись геморрагические элементы сыпи.

Выводы

Экзантема при COVID-19 отмечена у 5,2% взрослых пациентов. Наиболее часто встречались уртикарные высыпания (2,9%), реже - макуло-папулезные – у 2 (1%) и геморрагические по типу пурпуры и везикул с геморрагическим содержимым – у 3 (1,4%). Геморрагические элементы сыпи были выявлены преимущественно у пациентов с тяжёлым течением COVID-19.
Experimental and Theoretical Study of the Axial Distribution of Solid Phase Particles in a Fluidized Bed
Authors: Mitrofanov A. V. , Mizonov V. E. , Shpeynova N. S. , Vasilevich S. V. , Kasatkina N. K.
Published: July 2021

The article presents the results of computational and experimental studies of the distribution of a model material (plastic spherical particles with a size of 6 mm) along the height of a laboratory two-dimensional apparatus of the fluidized bed of the periodic principle of action. To experimentally determine the distribution of the solid phase over the height of the apparatus, digital photographs of the fluidized bed were taken, which were then analyzed using an algorithm that had been specially developed for this purpose. The algorithm involved splitting the image by height into separate rectangular areas, identifying the particles and counting their number in each of these areas. Numerical experiments were performed using the previously proposed one-dimensional cell model of the fluidization process, constructed on the basis of the mathematical apparatus of the theory of Markov chains with discrete space and time. The design scheme of the model assumes the spatial decomposition of the layer in height into individual elements of small finite sizes. Thus, the numerically obtained results qualitatively corresponded to the full-scale field experiment that had been set up. To ensure the quantitative reliability of the calculated forecasts, a parametric identification of the model was performed using known empirical dependencies to calculate the particle resistance coefficient and estimate the coefficient of their macrodiffusion. A comparison of the results of numerical and field experiments made us possible to identify the most productive empirical dependencies that correspond to the cellular scheme of modeling the process. The resulting physical and mathematical model has a high predictive efficiency and can be used for engineering calculations of devices with a fluidized bed, as well as for setting and solving problems of optimal control of technological processes in these devices for various target functions.
Influence of Carbonization of Concrete Surfaces on their Adhesion with Freshly-Laid Concrete
Authors: Molodin V. V. , Anufrieva A. E. , Leonovich S. N.
Published: July 2021

During operation, concrete and reinforced concrete structures are exposed to the aggressive environment of carbon dioxide. During the reconstruction and overhaul of the berthing facilities in the coastal zone of the seas of the Far East, a weak bond strength of the “old” carbonated and “new” repair concrete has been established in the paper. The reason that prevents reliable adhesion of concrete is the formation of fragile corrosion products in the pores and on the surface of “old” concrete. Accelerated tests of concrete carbonization from exposure to carbon dioxide have been carried out in the course  of the study. The structure of the carbonized cement stone has been examined using a scanning electron microscope. The research results have made it possible to assess the structure of a “healthy” cement stone and affected by carbonization.  The performed analysis of concrete carbonization process, including micrographs of the samples, has shown that under the action of carbon dioxide, the surface layer with a thickness of 4 mm and more undergoes structural restructuring. Fibrous formations are destroyed, and the carbonized volume is a heap of loosely bound loose new formations and films blocking the entrances to the capillary system of concrete. They are not a reliable basis for adhesion of “new” and “old” concrete and prevent the penetration of liquid containing cement dissolution products from “new” concrete into the capillaries of the healthy structure of the “old” concrete for their reliable connection.
СОГЛАСОВАНИЕ ИНТЕРЕСОВ СУБЪЕКТОВ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ КАК ОСНОВА РАЗРЕШЕНИЯ ПРОТИВОРЕЧИЙ В ПРОЦЕССЕ МЕЖДУНАРОДНОГО ПРОМЫШЛЕННОГО СОТРУДНИЧЕСТВА СТРАН ЕАЭС
Authors: ГУРСКИЙ В.
Published: July 2021

В статье проводится анализ факторов, препятствующих процессу формирования согласованной промышленной политики стран ЕАЭС. Выявлено, что основной причиной противоречий является расхождение интеграционных интересов субъектов промышленной политики стран участниц. Сделан вывод о том, что согласованность промышленной политики не означает ее унификацию. Предложен алгоритм согласования интересов субъектов промышленной политики на разных уровнях как непрерывный, итеративный процесс.
МИРОВАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА СКВОЗЬ ГЕНДЕРНУЮ ПРИЗМУ
Authors: ПАВЛОВСКАЯ С. , ШАВРУК Ю.
Published: July 2021

В статье изложены основные теоретические подходы к пониманию сущности категории «гендер», рассматривается влияние гендерного неравенства на экономическое развитие в разных странах и в Республике Беларусь.
METHOD OF ASSESSMENT OF ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL EFFICIENCY OF SPORTS OBJECTS
Authors: KARNEICHYK V.
Published: July 2021

In the article the author describes his method of assessing socio-economic efficiency of activities of sports facilities. The proposed method allows to evaluate the social and economic efficiency of functioning of objects of sports infrastructure, and can therefore be used to study trends in the development of sports facilities, support the system of their state support and identify ways to become financially sustainable.
THE METHODS OF CHOOSING THE ECONOMICALLY PREFERRED REGION FOR DEVELOPMENT THERE THE NETWORK COOPERATION OF ENTERPRISES SPECIALIZING ON PRODUCTION OF GOODS OF INTENSIVE RENEWAL
Authors: Serhiyevich T.
Published: July 2021

The article proposes the methods for choosing an economically preferred region for the development there the network cooperation by the example of enterprises that specialize in the production of goods of intensive renewal. The integrated indicator of the advisability of network cooperation of these enterprises for six regions of the Republic of Belarus and Minsk was calculated, which characterizes the availability of comparative competitive advantages for the development of network cooperation of enterprises for the production of goods of intensive renewal in a particular region. The graduation of the regions of Belarus has been made, depending on the expediency of intensification measures to develop in them the network cooperation of enterprises for the production of goods of intensive renewal, the leader
of which is the Vitebsk region.
Zahra: A policewoman in Afghanistan
Authors: Kamminga Jorrit , Durán Cristina , Giner Bou Miguel Ángel
Published: July 2021

As part of Oxfam’s Strategic Partnership project ‘Towards a Worldwide Influencing Network’, the graphic story Zahra: A policewoman in Afghanistan was developed by Jorrit Kamminga, Cristina Durán and Miguel Ángel Giner Bou. The project is funded by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. The graphic story is part of a long-standing Oxfam campaign that supports the inclusion and meaningful participation of women in the Afghan police. The story portrays the struggles of a young woman from a rural village who wants to become a police officer. While a fictional character, Zahra’s story represents the aspirations and dreams of many young Afghan women who are increasingly standing up for their rights and equal opportunities, but who are still facing structural societal and institutional barriers. For young women like Zahra, there are still few role models and male champions to support their cause. Yet, as Oxfam’s project has shown, their number is growing, which contributes to small shifts in behaviour and perceptions, gradually normalizing women’s presence in the police force. If a critical mass of women within the police force can be reached and their participation increasingly becomes meaningful, this can reduce the societal and institutional resistance over time. Oxfam hopes the fictional character of Zahra can contribute to that in terms of awareness raising and the promotion of women’s participation in the police force. The story is also available on the #IMatter website.
A Transition For All: Equity and community engagement in the transition of water supply management to utilities in refugee settlements in Uganda
Authors: Allen John , Muturi Caroline
Published: July 2021

Water supply schemes in refugee settlements in Uganda are being transitioned from management by humanitarian actors to management by national and regional utilities in an effort to improve their long-term sustainability. Research with refugee and host communities has demonstrated the need to strengthen the transition process. The transition in its current form could risk increasing inequality and pushing water services out of reach for an already vulnerable population. This summary report examines how WASH agencies and stakeholders playing a supporting role in the utility transition can make the transition more equitable, participatory and effective. The full report is available on the Oxfam WASH website: https://www.oxfamwash.org/.
Quantitative Proteomics by iTRAQ-PRM based Reveals the New Characterization for Gout.
Authors: Chen Guangqi , Cheng Jiafen , Yu Hanjie , Huang Xiao , Bao Hui , Qin Ling , Wang Ling , Song Yaxiang , Liu Xinying , Peng Ai
Published: July 2021

Background: Gout is a common and complex form of immunoreactive arthritis based on hyperuricemia, while the symptoms would turn to remission or even got worse. So, it is hard to early identify whether an asymptomatic hyperuricemia (AHU) patient will be susceptible to get acute gout attack and it is also hard to predict the process of gout remission to flare. Here, we report that the plasma proteins profile can distinguish among acute gout (AG), remission of gout (RG), AHU patients, and healthy controls.Methods: We established an isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) and parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) based method to measure the plasma proteins for AG group (n=8), RG group(n=7), AHU group(n=7) and healthy controls(n=8).Results: eleven differentially expressed proteins such as Histone H2A, Histone H2B, Thrombospondin-1 (THBS1), Myeloperoxidase (MPO), Complement C2, Complement component C8 beta chain (C8B), Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 (ORM1), Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4 (ITIH4), Carbonic anhydrase 1 (CA1), Serum albumin (ALB) and Multimerin-1 (MMRN1) were identified. Histone H2A, Histone H2B and THBS1 might be the strongest influential regulator to maintain the balance and stability of the gout process. The complement and coagulation cascades is one of the main functional pathways in the mechanism of gout process.Conclusions: Histone H2A, Histone H2B and THBS1 may be novel biomarkers in discriminating gout attack from AHU or RG, providing new theoretical insights for the prognosis, treatment, and management of gout process.Trial registration : This study is not a clinical trial.
Influence of Aluminum at Low pH on the Rhizosphere Processes of Masson Pine (Pinus Massoniana Lamb)
Authors: Ping Wang , Sijie Zhou , Ao Li , Linbei Xie
Published: July 2021

Trees in general are very tolerant of aluminum (Al, mainly Al3+ at pH ≦ 5.0), and the small effects seen in the contaminated soils may mislead people that the contamination is unimportant. We believe that the assessments with Al-sensitive Masson pine could have revealed a bigger difference. The key point of this study was to characterize the Al toxicity for Masson Pine. The objectives were to discover the specific eco-physiological relationship between pine roots and rhizosphere Al, and to investigate the Al effects on several parameters, measured in the rhizosphere of Masson pine. Masson pine seedlings were cultivated on a hydroponic setup. Through comprehensive laboratory dose-gradient experiments, Al-triggered composition of the root-released compounds and several rhizospheric parameters were determined by chromatography or spectroscopy. This study gives an important evidence of the Al-toxicity effects on the composition of root-released compounds and the root growth of Masson pine. Results showed that higher rhizospheric Al at pH 4.5 might contribute to increased release of sugars, and also could stimulate the release of oxalic acid and malic acid. The total of secreted amino acids were correlated with the rhizosphere Al. Zero additional Al induced no rhizosphere pH elevation, but Al-induced rhizosphere acidification (pH from 4.50 to 4.22) was observed at Al 100 µM. Greater additions of Al (>300 µM) suppressed the rhizosphere acidification at pH 3.92. Added Al had a negative effect on the dry weight of pine roots, but an opposite effect on Al accumulated in the roots was observed. The four endogenous hormones were also determined in the pine roots. Gibberellic acid (GA3) decreased, whereas abscisic acid (ABA) increased simultaneously with the addition of Al. Their inflexional concentrations were most frequently observed at 100 µM, which might be the threshold of Al toxicity for Masson pine. The secondary metabolites assayed have been studied in relation to the rhizospheric Al. The rhizosphere Al species at low pH can trigger pine roots to release the sugars (glucose, fructose + aldose), organic acids (oxalic acid, and malic acid), amino acids, secondary metabolites, and endogenous hormones during their growth. Meanwhile it also affected the growth of pine roots. This is an extensive study, which can help understanding the toxicity of Al to this important pioneer species of acid forest soils in south China.
Availability and Utilization of Psychosocial Services for Breast Cancer Patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Mixed Method Study
Authors: Wondimagegnehu Abigiya , Abebe Workeabeba , Abu Selamawit Hirpa , Kantelhardt Eva J. , Addissie Adamu , Zebrack Bradley , Teferra Solomon
Published: July 2021

Purpose: Although psychosocial services have substantial impact in cancer care, the availability and utilization of these services have not been well-studied in Sub Saharan Africa. Therefore, we explored the types of psychosocial services available for breast cancer patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Methods: A mixed method study was conducted using a cross-sectional survey involving 428 breast cancer patients, followed by a qualitative study. A total of nine in-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted with four breast cancer patients and five key informants using two separate interview guides. In addition to descriptive statistics, logistic regression was done to identify factors associated with provision of psychosocial services. Thematic analysis was used for the qualitative data using NVivo 12 plus software. Results: Only 47 (11.1%) patients received psychosocial services, either in the form of counseling, emotional support or provision of information. Health professionals reportedly provided such services along with their routine activities, and patients predominantly received social/emotional support from family members, friends and colleagues. There were no well-structured counseling service, emotional support or group discussion sessions for breast cancer patients in these health facilities. The main reasons for not providing these services were high patient flow/workload, inadequate space, lack of training and not having qualified professionals to organize and deliver psychosocial services in those hospitals.Conclusions: only one in ten breast cancer patients received psychosocial services from health professionals, and the services were not delivered in a structured way. Therefore, psychosocial services should be integrated both in private and government health facilities of Ethiopia.
A potent SARS-CoV-2 neutralising nanobody shows therapeutic efficacy in the Syrian golden hamster model of COVID-19
Authors: Huo Jiandong , Mikolajek Halina , Bas Audrey Le , Clark Jordan , Sharma Parul , Kipar Anja , Dormon Joshua , Norman Chelsea , Weckener Miriam , Clare Daniel , Harrison Peter , Tree Julia , Buttigieg Karen , Salguero Francisco , Watson Robert , Knott Daniel , Carnell Oliver , Ngabo Didier , Elmore Michael , Fotheringham Susan , Harding Adam , Ward Philip , Moynie Lucile , Dumoux Maud , Hall Yper , Hiscox Julian , Owen Andrew , James William , Carroll Miles , Stewart James , Naismith James , Owens Raymond
Published: July 2021

SARS-CoV-2 remains a global threat to human health particularly as escape mutants emerge. There is an unmet need for effective treatments against COVID-19 for which neutralizing single domain antibodies (nanobodies) have significant potential. Their small size and stability mean that nanobodies are compatible with respiratory administration. We report four nanobodies (C5, H3, C1, F2) engineered as homotrimers with pmolar affinity for the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Crystal structures show C5 and H3 overlap the ACE2 epitope, whilst C1 and F2 bind to a different epitope. Cryo Electron Microscopy shows C5 binding results in an all down arrangement of the Spike protein. C1, H3 and C5 all neutralize the Victoria strain, and the highly transmissible Alpha (B.1.1.7 first identified in Kent, UK) strain and C1 also neutralizes the Beta (B.1.35, first identified in South Africa). Administration of C5-trimer via the respiratory route showed potent therapeutic efficacy in the Syrian hamster model of COVID-19 and separately effective prophylaxis. The molecule was similarly potent by intraperitoneal injection.
The effectiveness of commercial household ultraviolet C germicidal devices in Thailand
Authors: Palakornkitti Pasita , Pinyowiwat Prinpat , Tanrattanakorn Somsak , Rajatanavin Natta , Rattanakaemakorn Ploysyne
Published: July 2021

Ultraviolet C (UVC), or ultraviolet germicidal irradiation, is known for its effective air, water, and surface disinfectant properties. With the rise of global awareness about public sanitation and personal hygiene due to the emergence of the current coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, several applications of UVC were introduced to the commercial market. The present experimental study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of commercial household ultraviolet C germicidal devices for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) inactivation. UVC dosages (mJ/cm2) of 10 UVC devices were determined at the recommended settings compared to a benchmark for SARS-CoV-2 inactivated UVC dosage (3.7 mJ/cm2). Of the 10 devices, 3 were handheld UVGI surface disinfection equipment, 4 were UVGI disinfection chambers, and 3 were movable UVGI air and surface purifiers. Three UVGI disinfection chambers and all movable UVGI air and surface purifiers provided sufficient UVC dosages for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation. None of the studied handheld UVGI surface disinfection equipment achieved the UVC dosage for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation. A lack of standardization in the distance and cycle duration for each UVC application was observed. Standard usage guidelines for UVC devices are required to improve the effectiveness of UVC irradiance for SARS-CoV-2 inactivation and minimize the potential side effects of UVC.
Nisaea sediminum sp. nov., a Heavy Metal Resistant Bacterium Isolated From Marine Sediment in the East China Sea
Authors: Zhu Suting , Cheng Yuping , Guo Chaobo , Xie Feilu , Jung Dawoon , Zhang Wei-Yan , He Shan
Published: July 2021

A Gram-negative, rod-shaped, motile and strictly aerobic bacterium, designated NBU1469T, was isolated from marine sediment sampled on Meishan Island located in the East China Sea. Strain NBU1469T grew optimally at temperature of 40ºC, NaCl concentration of 2.0% (w/v) and pH 7.5. Catalase and oxidase activities, H2S production, nitrate reduction and hydrolysis of Tween 20 were positive. Indole, methyl red reaction, urease, hydrolysis of gelatin, starch, casein, Tweens 40, 60 and 80 were negative. The major cellular fatty acids were C16:0, C19:0 cyclo ω8c and summed feature 8 (C18:1 ω7c and/or C18:1 ω6c). The only respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-10 (Q-10). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, two unidentified amino-phospholipids and two unidentified phospholipids. Comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed highest similarities to the species with validated name Nisaea nitritireducens DR41_18T (98.1%) and Nisaea denitrificans DR41_21T (97.6%). Phylogenetic analyses indicated that strain NBU1469T formed a distinct lineage with strains Nisaea nitritireducens DR41_18T and Nisaea denitrificans DR41_21T within the genus Nisaea. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain NBU1469T and related species of genus Nisaea were well below the threshold limit for prokaryotic species delineation. The DNA G+C content was 63.6 mol%. Based on its phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data, strain NBU1469T is considered to be a representative of a novel species in the genus Nisaea, for which the name Nisaea sediminum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NBU1469T (=KCTC 82224T=MCCC 1K04763T).
Ischemia-Modified Albumin As A Marker For Acute Aortic Dissection: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: zhou Yang , Chai Xiangping , He Huaping , Peng Wen , Yang Guifang , Ding Ning , Zhang Hongliang , Peng Zhenyu , Wu Sijie , Tao Cheng
Published: July 2021

Background: Delayed or misdiagnosed aortic dissection can lead to death and morbidity. Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) measures the cobalt binding capability and has been associated with mortality in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). However, it is unknown whether IMA levels can differentiate AAD in patients with chest pains.Methods: A total of 100 suspected AAD patients were enrolled in this study. A cobalt-binding assay was used to determine the plasma IMA levels. In addition, the IMA levels of patients in different groups were compared based on the final diagnosis. Results: IMA levels were significantly higher in the AAD group than in the AMI, PE, and other groups (63.98 ± 14.38, 52.57 ± 9.54, 49.26 ± 10.99, 37.99 ± 6.59, respectively) within 24 hours after the onset of symptoms. The area under the curve (AUC) based on the IMA level was 0.810 (95% CI, 0.708–0.897), and the best threshold of IMA was 59.35 u/ml (specificity, 85.7% and sensitivity, 66%). The decision and clinical impact curves indicated that the IMA had an excellent standardized net benefit and could be suitable for patient diagnosis.Conclusion: IMA is elevated in AAD patients. The IMA levels have better performance for AAD than D-dimer and could be a potential biomarker with rapid and cost-effective diagnostic tests for early diagnosis of AAD. However, large-sample studies are needed to verify the findings.
Nutrient Leaching in Extensive Green Roof Substrate Layers With Different Configurations
Authors: Xu Chen , Liu Zaohong , Cai Guanjun , Zhan Jian
Published: July 2021

Due to substrate layers with different substrate configurations, extensive green roofs (EGRs) exhibit different rainfall runoff retention and pollution interception effects. In the rainfall runoff scouring process, nutrient leaching often occurs in the substrate layer, which becomes a pollution source for rainwater runoff. In this study, six EGR devices with different substrate layer configurations were fabricated. Then, the cumulative leaching quantity (CLQ) and total leaching rate (TLR) of NH4+, TN and TP in the outflow of nine different depth simulated rainfall events under local rainfall characteristics were evaluated and recorded. Furthermore, the impact of different substrate configurations on the pollution interception effects of EGRs for rainfall runoff was studied. Results show that a mixed adsorption substrate in the EGR substrate layer has a more significant rainfall runoff pollution interception capacity than a single adsorption substrate. PVL and PVGL, as EGRs with layered configuration substrate layers, exhibited good NH4+-N interception capacity. The CLQ and TLR of NH4+-N for PVL and PVGL were -114.613 mg and -63.43%, -121.364 mg and -67.16%, respectively. Further, the addition of biochar as a modifier significantly slowed down the substrate layer TP leaching effect and improved the interception effect of NH4+-N and TN. Moreover, although polyacrylamide addition in the substrate layer aggravated the nitrogen leaching phenomenon in the EGRs outflow, but the granular structure substrate layer constructed by it exhibited a significantly inhibited TP leaching effect.
Towards the Direct Detection of Viral Materials at the Surface of Protective Face Masks via Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Schorer Vanessa , Haas Julian , Stach Robert , Kokoric Vjekoslav , Gross Ruediger , Muench Jan , Hummel Tim , Sobek Harald , Menning Jan , Mizaikoff Boris
Published: July 2021

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic represents a considerable risk for the general public and especially for health care workers. To avoid an overloading of the health care system and to control transmission chains, the development of rapid and cost-effective techniques allowing for the reliable diagnosis of individuals with acute respiratory infections are crucial. Uniquely, the present study focuses on a direct face mask sampling approach, as worn (i.e., used) disposable face masks contain exogenous environmental constituents, as well as endogenously exhaled breath aerosols. Optical techniques – and specifically infrared (IR) molecular spectroscopic techniques - are promising tools for direct virus detection at the surface of such masks. In the present study, a rapid and non-destructive approach for monitoring exposure scenarios via medical face masks using attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy is presented. Complementarily, IR external reflection spectroscopy was evaluated in comparison for rapid mask analysis. The utility of a face mask-based sampling approach was demonstrated by differentiating water, proteins, and virus-like particles sampled onto the mask. Data analysis using multivariate statistical algorithms enabled unambiguously classifying spectral signatures of individual components and biospecies. This approach readily extends towards the rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 – as shown herein for the example of virus-like particles which are morphologically equivalent to authentic virus - without any additional sample preparation or elaborate testing equipment at laboratory facilities. Therefore, this strategy may be implemented as a routine large-scale monitoring routine, e.g., at health care institutions, nursing homes, etc. ensuring the health and safety of medical personnel.