bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dampak Pergeseran Wilayah Akibat Naiknya Permukaan Laut dan Dampakya Bagi Navigasi
Authors: Narwati Enny , Sunyowati Dina , Ramadani R. Yahdi
Published: February 2023

AbstractRising sea levels are caused by climate change and global warming which is characterized by an increase in air temperature, especially the earth’s atmosphere. Rising sea levels can cause accretion or erosion of a country which causes a shift in the boundaries of the coastal state. This natural phenomenon becomes a problem in determining the baseline of the coastal state territory because international law of the sea has not specifically regulated the shift in the boundaries of the coastal state due to climate change and global warming. This study examines the legal consequences of shifting state sea boundaries due to climate change according to international law and the rights of third countries to shifting state sea boundaries due to climate change. A third State may advise the coastal State to update baselines and maps of areas lost due to rising sea levels to the Secretary-General of the United Nations. This action can provide benefits for all parties, especially disadvantaged countries or ship owners to experience the Freedom of Navigation in the renewed territory.
AbstrakNaiknya permukaan laut disebabkan oleh perubahan iklim dan pemanasan global yang ditandai dengan peningkatan suhu udara atmosfer bumi. Naiknya permukaan laut dapat mengakibatkan akresi ataupun erosi suatu negara yang menyebabkan terjadinya pergeseran batas wilayah negara pantai. Fenomena alam tersebut menjadi permasalahan terhadap penetapan garis pangkal wilayah negara pantai dikarenakan hukum laut internasional belum mengatur secara khusus mengenai pergeseran batas wilayah negara pantai akibat perubahan iklim dan pemanasan global. Penelitian ini mengkaji akibat hukum pergeseran batas wilayah laut negara akibat perubahan iklim menurut hukum internasional dan hak negara ketiga terhadap pergeseran batas wilayah laut negara akibat perubahan iklim. Negara ketiga dapat menyarankan kepada negara pantai untuk memperbarui garis pangkal dan peta wilayah yang hilang akibat naiknya permukaan laut kepada Sekretaris Jendral Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa. Tindakan tersebut dapat memberikan keuntungan bagi semua pihak terutama negara-negara yang kurang beruntung ataupun negara pemilik kapal untuk merasakan Freedom of Navigation diwilayah yang telah diperbarui.
Tantangan Hukum dalam Pemanfaatan Maritime Autonomous Surface Ship (MASS)
Authors: Camelia A Indah , Elmilla Athyra
Published: February 2023

Technology development in the maritime industry led to the point where we now have unmanned ships run by automated systems. Therefore, (unmanned) crewless ships that were once only science fiction become real. Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) have existed since world war two, and they develop by then. The existence of Maritime autonomous surface ships (MASS) has opened doors to new opportunities and enormous economic benefits for the maritime industry. Even though it will be run in automatic mode, the ship will still be monitored on land by the Shore Control Centre (SCC). This research will describe the aspects of definition, practice, the rule of law, and the use of MASS for seafarers and the maritime industry in general. While maritime regulation has not anticipated this magnitude before, thus not yet fully prepared to accommodate partially or fully automated ships. Consequently, A maritime legal regime still needs to ensure that MASS is safe and can be used sustainably.
Vaccine criticism on Turkish websites between 2017-2018: A descriptive analysis
Authors: ABBASOĞLU Ahmet , GÜLLE Buğra Taygun , KARADAĞLI ÜÇÜNCÜ İlke , ÖREN Meryem Merve
Published: February 2023

Objective: This study aimed to quantify the content and design attributes of Turkish vaccine critical websites and list the arguments used between 2017 and 2018 when reportedly 23000 families refused childhood vaccines.

Methods: Websites were screened by two researchers using Google, between October 30-November 23, 2017. Every researcher screened 30 results for every word query. Exclusion criteria were implemented based on Wolfe’s (2002) and Kata’s (2010) research. A third researcher acted as a referee and produced a final list on February 04, 2018. The websites were analyzed between April 2-August 28, 2018 according to the criteria developed in Kata’s study. The criteria contained 50 items under content and design headings.

Results: Most of the resultant 16 websites were not vaccine specific and transmitted already available information. The criteria searched were generally less frequent in Turkish websites than in English and French websites. Criticism of biomedicine, superiority of alternative medicine, sharing of personal stories and use of imagery had low presence. Commercialization was observed less and religious reasons were observed higher in Turkish websites. Websites that supported religious tenets were usually about halal food and used American anti-vaccine websites as resources.

Conclusion: Turkish vaccine critical websites referring to foreign resources were usually less developed than their foreign counterparts. Network analysis of vaccine critical websites would yield more in-depth knowledge of the relationship between them. Ministry of Health should invest more in the Web, specifically targeting its response according to the criteria available in vaccine critical websites
Internalisasi Karakter Peduli Lingkungan Melalui Pembelajaran Geografi di MAN Insan Cendekia Tanah Laut
Authors: Ulfah Restu
Published: February 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan muatan nilai karakter peduli lingkungan dalam Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP), proses internalisasi karakter peduli lingkungan pada proses pembelajaran geografi dan upaya pembiasaan sikap peduli lingkungan melalui pembelajaran geografi. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis kualitatif, yaitu tahap reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan atau validasi. Hasil penelitian internalisasi karakter peduli lingkungan melalui mata pelajaran geografi di kelas XI MAN Insan Cendekia Tanah Laut. Internalisasi karakter peduli lingkungan telah dilakukan oleh guru pada mata pelajaran geografi di kelas XI MAN Insan Cendekia Tanah Laut. Muatan nilai karakter peduli lingkungan telah ada pada rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran (RPP) mata pelajaran geografi, proses internalisasi karakter peduli lingkungan pada proses pembelajaran geografi dan upaya pembiasaan sikap peduli lingkungan melalui pembelajaran geografi di MAN Insan Cendekia Tanah Laut.
Letak Strategi dan Pengembangan Potensi Sumber Daya Alam di Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Normelani Ellyn , Putri Anisa , Efendi Muhammad , Danarto Wisnu Putra
Published: February 2023

Letak geografis Kalimantan Selatan sangat strategis, tidak hanya dari kondisi alam yang mempengaruhi kehidupan makhluk hidup, tetapi lintas benua dan samudera juga ikut berpengaruh terhadap kebudayaan yang banyak dipengaruhi oleh kebudayaan asing. Kalimantan Selatan memiliki potensi besar di bidang pertanian, perkebunan, pertambangan, industri, perekonomian, pariwisata, dan bidang lainnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis dan  mengetahui letak strategis Kalimantan Selatan yang memiliki potensi dan sektor unggulan serta langkah pemerintah dalam mengembangkan potensi alam maupun non alam di bidang sektor tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Bidang ekonomi, memegang peran penting dalam perdagangan. Kalimantan Selatan memiliki sumber daya pesona alam, budaya dan kuliner yang ada diberbagai wilayah yang belum banyak diketahui oleh masyarakat dan belum dikelola dengan baik oleh pemerintah. Budaya-budaya yang dimiliki oleh Kalimantan Selatan sebagiannya sudah ada yang terkenal dan mendunia seperti budaya Banjar, budaya Dayak Meratus dan batik sasirangan. Kalimantan Selatan memiliki potensi sumber daya alam berupa batubara, mineral, emas, intan, permata, minyak gasa dan bumi, kelapa sawit, karet dan lainnya. Oleh karena itu potensi sumber daya alam yang ada di Kalimantan Selatan harus dikelola, dikembangkan dan di manfaatkan dengan baik sehingga dapat meningkatkan perekonomian daerah
Pemetaan Partisipatif untuk Bahaya Longsor dan Jalur Evakuasi di Desa Hargomulyo, Kabupaten Kulonprogo, DIY
Authors: Ayuningtyas Efrinda Ari
Published: February 2023

Metode partisipatif merupakan salah satu alternatif untuk meningkatkan kapasitas masyarakat guna mengurangi dampak bencana. Masyarakat secara mandiri terlibat langsung dalam proses pengumpulan dan pengolahan data hingga sosialisasi tingkat desa untuk pengambilan keputusan dan perumusan tindakan pengurangan risiko bencana. Dalam kegiatan ini, Sistem Informasi Geografi (SIG) berperan dalam proses pengolahan data dijital dan visualisasi data spasial sederhana yang mampu memberikan informasi kebencanaan di tingkat desa. Kelompok masyarakat yang tergabung dalam Forum Pengurangan Risiko Bencana (FPRB) Desa Hargomulyo, Kecamatan Kokap, Kabupaten Kulonprogo, DIY merupakan subjek utama dalam proses pemetaan partisipatif. Proses pemetaan melalui tahap Focus Group Discussion dan in-depth interview berkaitan dengan sejarah kejadian longsor dan survei jalur evakuasi. Kegiatan ini menghasilkan peta partisipatif tingkat bahaya longsor dan jalur evakuasi dalam format dua dan tiga dimensi. Dengan adanya peta partisipatif tersebut, maka masyarakat dan perangkat desa dapat lebih mudah untuk menentukan tindakan komprehensif pengurangan risiko bencana sekaligus meningkatkan kapasitas lokal Desa Hargomulyo untuk menghadapi bencana longsor.
Placental Mitochondrial Function and Dysfunction in Preeclampsia
Authors: Jahan Fahmida , Vasam Goutham , Green Alex E , Bainbridge Shannon A , Menzies Keir J
Published: February 2023

The placenta is a vital organ of pregnancy, regulating adaptation to pregnancy, gestational-parent/fetal exchange and ultimately fetal development and growth. Not surprisingly, in cases of placental dysfunction - where aspects of placental development or function become compromised - adverse pregnancy outcomes can result. One common placenta-mediated disorder of pregnancy is preeclampsia (PE), a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy with a highly heterogeneous clinical presentation. The wide array of clinical characteristics observed in pregnant individuals and neonates of a PE pregnancy are likely the result of distinct forms of placental pathology underlying the PE diagnosis, explaining why no one common intervention has proven effective in the prevention or treatment of PE. The historical paradigm of placental pathology in PE highlights an important role for utero-placental malperfusion, placental hypoxia and oxidative stress, and a critical role for placental mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis and progression of the disease. In the current review, the evidence of placental mitochondrial dysfunction in the context of PE will be summarized, highlighting how altered mitochondrial function may be a common feature across distinct PE subtypes. Further, advances in this field of study and therapeutic targeting of mitochondria as a promising intervention for PE will be discussed.
Impact of Translocator Protein 18 kDa (TSPO)-Deficiency on Mitochondrial Function and Inflammatory State of Human C20 Microglia Cells
Authors: Bader Stefanie , Würfel Thea , Jahner Tatjana , Nothdurfter Caroline , Rupprecht Rainer , Milenkovic Vladimir M. , Wetzel Christian H.
Published: February 2023

Microglia are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system. Upon stimulus presentation microglia polarize from a resting to an activated state. Microglial translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) is considered as a marker of inflammation. Here, we characterized the role of TSPO by investigating the impact of TSPO deficiency on human microglia. We used TSPO knockout (TSPO-/-) variants of the human C20 microglia cell line. We found a significant reduction in the TSPO-associated protein VDAC1 in TSPO-/- compared to control cells. Moreover, we assessed the impact of TSPO deficiency on calcium levels and the mitochondrial membrane potential. Cytosolic and mitochondrial calcium concentrations were increased in TSPO-/- cell lines, whereas the mitochondrial membrane potential tended to be lower. Assessment of the mitochondrial DNA copy number via RT-PCR revealed a decreased amount of mtDNA in the TSPO-/- cells when compared to controls. Moreover, metabolic profiles of C20 cells were strongly dependent on the glycolytic pathway. However, TSPO depletion did not affect the cellular metabolic profile. Measurement of the mRNA expression levels of the pro-inflammatory mediators revealed an attenuated response to proinflammatory stimuli in TSPO-depleted cells, implying a role of the TSPO protein in the process of microglial polarization.
Mathematical Root Simplification in Operational Amplifiers using an Ensemble Heuristic-Metaheuristic Algorithm
Authors: Behmanesh-Fard Navid , Yazdanjouei Hossein , Shokouhifar Mohammad , Werner Frank
Published: February 2023

Symbolic pole/zero analysis is an important step when designing an analog operational amplifier. Generally, a simplified symbolic analysis of analog circuits suffers from NP-hardness, i.e., an exponential growth of the number of symbolic terms of the transfer function with the circuit size. In this study, we present a mathematical model combined with a heuristic-metaheuristic solution method for the symbolic pole/zero simplification in operational transconductance amplifiers (OTA). At first, the circuit is symbolically solved and an improved root splitting method is applied to extract symbolic poles/zeroes from the exact expanded transfer function. Then, a hybrid algorithm based on heuristic information and a metaheuristic technique using simulated annealing is performed for the simplification of the derived symbolic pole/zero expressions. The developed method has been tested on three analog OTAs. The obtained results show the effectiveness of the proposed method to achieve accurate simplified symbolic pole/zero expressions with the least complexity.
Competence Development Strategies after Covid: Using PBL in Translation Courses
Authors: Ribeiro Sandra , Tavares Célia , Lopes Cristina , Chorão Graça
Published: February 2023

The Pandemic in 2019 forced a digital adaptation with direct consequences on all educational stakeholders. On behalf of teachers and trainers, while many regarded these changes with some scepticism, others embraced the opportunity to integrate technology into their teaching methods and as learning resources. As translation trainers, it is essential to follow and understand the translation market. Thus, the exponential changes that digital technology has brought to this sector over the years impose constant shifts in teaching and learning methods and resources. In fact, translators require vast competencies, amongst which is the flexibility to adapt. In translation training Project-Based Learning (PBL) has been established as an essential teaching and learning method, as it has proven to foster the development of competencies as it simulates the translator's work environment. Thus, the need to adapt new strategies reinforced PBL and its benefits. PBL, however, similar to a freelance translator, places the student in the centre of the learning process, where self-regulation becomes essential, as it is necessary to analyse the market/situation and be flexible enough to adapt to the context accordingly. As of 2018-2019, technical translation courses at ISCAP have implemented PBL as their main teaching and learning method. At the same time, a study on student self-regulation began. The purpose was to understand student perception on their own self-regulation competence and its development or lack thereof after one year of PBL. Results indicate that PBL is seen as a useful simulation of the translation labour market and that it does enhance many essential competences, amongst which is student self-regulation.
Chemiluminescence Biosensor for the Determination of Cardiac Troponin I (cTnI)
Authors: Tannenberg Robert , Paul Martin , Röder Bettina , Gande Santosh L. , Sreeramulu Sridhar , Saxena Krishna , Richter Christian , Schwalbe Harald , Swart Claudia , Weller Michael G.
Published: February 2023

Cardiac vascular diseases, especially acute myocardial infarction (AMI), are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Therefore cardio-specific biomarkers such as cardiac Troponin I (cTnI) play an essential role in diagnostics. In order to enable rapid and accurate measurement of cTnI with the potential of online measurements, a proof of concept of a chemiluminescence-based biosensor is presented. A flow cell was designed and combined with a sensitive CMOS camera allowing an optical readout. In addition, a microfluidic setup was established, and cTnI was determined selectively. The biomarker cTnI was expressed in E. coli, and its characterization and correct folding were investigated by different analytical methods. This recombinant cTnI was used for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), calibrated against commercially available recombinant cTnI, and applied for the biosensor measurements. Based on chemiluminescence detection, the biosensor was successfully tested, and the cTnI biomarker could be reproducibly determined in buffer, spiked blood serum, and plasma.
Blockchain-based Patient-driven Inter-operable Model for Healthcare 5.0 System
Authors: Shah Kaushal , Garg Lalit , Kachoria Divam , Shah Vaidehi , Darbar Shristi , Visconti Andrea , Bhatt Chintan , Tanwar Sudeep
Published: February 2023

With the rise of powerful computational technologies, healthcare systems are going through a paradigm shift to the era of healthcare 5.0, also known as" smart healthcare". This new-age healthcare system not only enhances the life of patients but also aims to reduce healthcare costs significantly. People's health data collected through various means, including various Internet of Things (IoT) devices, is too sensitive to be regulated by particular organisations owing to increasing privacy and security threats. The sheer size of data makes it difficult for centralised bodies to regulate, due to which third-party involvement is introduced, which again poses threats to the privacy of the data holder. Motivated by the abovementioned gaps, we propose a decentralised approach using Ethereum blockchain technology and Oasis protocol. The patient-driven solution approach effectively solves the privacy problem by providing complete control of data to the owner. Along with this, byproducts such as fine-grained access control and on-chain data processing capabilities are also obtained.
Accelerating the Wheel Factoring Techniques
Authors: Zaki Alaa , Bakr M. , Alsahangiti Arwa , Khosa Saima , Fathy Khaled
Published: February 2023

The efficiency with which an integer may be factored into its prime factors determines several public key cryptosystems′ security in use today. Although there is a quantum-based technique with a polynomial time for integer factoring, on a traditional computer, there is no polynomial time algorithm. We investigate how to enhance the wheel factoring technique in this paper. Current wheel factorization algorithms rely on a very restricted set of prime integers as a base. In this study, we intend to adapt this notion to rely on a greater number of prime integers, resulting in a considerable improvement in the execution time. The experiments on composite numbers n reveal that the proposed algorithm improves on the existing wheel factoring algorithm by about 75%
Breakage of a Pituitary Rongeur Tip: An Unforeseen Complication of Lumbar Microdiscectomy
Authors: Ramachandran Karthik , Meena Jalaj , Anand K. S. Sri Vijay , Shetty Ajoy Prasad , Shanmuganathan Rajasekaran
Published: February 2023

Case:

A 46-year-old man with left leg radiculopathy due to a left L4-5 disc extrusion had a lumbar microdiscectomy that was complicated by the pituitary rongeur tip breaking in the L4-5 disc space. The rongeur tip was successfully retrieved by widening the entry access without damaging the adjoining facet and utilizing a blunt nerve hook and probe dissector.

Conclusion:

Breakage of the pituitary rongeur tip is an unforeseen complication of lumbar microdiscectomy. Surgeons should be aware of this potential complication, ideally confirm the rongeur is intact prior to wound coverage, and understand the risks versus benefits of attempting to retrieve a broken rongeur tip.
Textos médicos de divulgación como introducción a la traducción científica. Un estudio de caso en didáctica de la traducción alemán-español
Authors: Ferrer Mora Hang
Published: February 2023

En la práctica diaria, el traductor se enfrenta a menudo con textos científicos con una terminología muy específica en un campo determinado. Sin embargo, para acercar y hacer comprensible la ciencia a un público más general hay un tipo de texto, llamado texto científico de divulgación, que muestra una serie de características discursivas y léxicas interesantes para la didáctica de la traducción. Analizaremos algunos de estos textos en su vertiente didáctica para la clase de traducción con ejemplos concretos para el par de lenguas alemán-español. Por experiencia, algunos temas propios de estos textos como la nutrición o las medicinas alternativas pueden motivar al alumno a introducirse en el complejo campo de traducción científica.
Domesticación y extranjerización en la traducción de la obra de Haruki Murakami al inglés y al español
Authors: Ríos Rico Eloísa , Gallardo Cruz José Manuel
Published: February 2023

Existe una tendencia en el mundo anglosajón a realizar traducciones con un grado de domesticación superior al de otras culturas, por ejemplo, la española. Esto puede redundar en una lectura más fluida, pero que haga perder detalles de la cultura de la que procede el texto original. En este artículo, analizamos este fenómeno mediante el estudio de la traducción al español y al inglés de tres obras de Haruki Murakami.
La importancia de la traducción y la interpretación en el ámbito de la Unión Europea
Authors: Policastro Ponce Gisella
Published: February 2023

En este artículo reflexionaremos sobre el papel de los profesionales de la traducción e interpretación en el contexto internacional y, especialmente, dentro del ámbito de la Unión Europea, que se basa en proporcionar y asegurar la estabilidad y diversidad de la diversidad lingüística y cultural.
El caso de los refugiados en la prensa alemana y española. Análisis desde el punto de vista de la traducción.El caso de los refugiados en la prensa alemana y española. Análisis desde el punto de vista de la traducción.
Authors: Raum Sophia Marie
Published: February 2023

El objetivo de nuestro estudio es llevar a cabo un análisis contrastivo de dos noticias, una de un periódico alemán, Die Welt, y otra española, del diario El País. Nos centramos en el léxico, analizándolo y comparándolo desde el punto de vista traductológico. Mediante nuestro análisis pretendemos arrojar luz sobre el lenguaje que emplea la prensa alemana y española al hacer referencia a los refugiados, por lo que elegimos noticias de este ámbito como objetos de análisis. Esperamos contribuir a la investigación en traducción mediática, un campo todavía relativamente poco explorado por la traductología.
Protocol for Alberta Societal Health Integration Program (ABSHIP): Community- based Complementary & Alternative Medicine (CAM) Services Model for Social Recovery and Improve Economic Participation
Authors: Lu Mingshan , Sharmin Sumaiya , Cong Yingying , Li Yang , Tao Yong , Xia Meng , Xia Xin , Wang Helen , Xu Ning , Yang Gongliang , Xiao Yun , Peng Laura , Xu Bentong
Published: February 2023

Background

Mental health problems and chronic health conditions cause significant productivity loss in the workplace. Chronic pain and mental health care needs in Canada that existed before COVID-19 remain unmet and have been exacerbated by the pandemic. The Alberta Societal Health Integration Program (ABSHIP) proposes an innovative community-based model in which Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) services are provided to help achieve social recovery and improve economic participation.

Methods

Participants will receive CAM treatment in two modes: a minimum of two acupuncture treatment sessions per week for up to a total of 12 treatments, and voluntary Qigong exercise. The study will recruit 150 participants between the ages of 14 and 55 who are suffering from pain or mental health issues that are causing severe productivity loss. Primary outcome indicators are productivity (WPAI), pain (BPI), quality of sleep (PSQI), depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7), anger (DAR-5), quality of life (EQ-5D-5L) and substance use (DAST-10 & CAGE). Secondary outcome indicators include general health care utilization, which will be measured by patients’ self-reported inpatient, outpatient, emergency department, and prescription drug utilization. Data will be collected at baseline (before treatment) and after the sixth and twelfth session (post-treatment) to measure short-term outcomes of the study. To understand the long-term impact of ABSHIP, participants will be invited to take the same survey three and six months after completing the program.

Discussion

ABSHIP is a first-of-its-kind study that provides CAM integrated interventions to enhance pain management, as well as protecting and fostering psychosocial well-being and resilience in children, adolescents, and seniors. The successful completion of the project will result in cost savings as well as significant evidence to aid instrument policy in the short and long run.

Trial Registration

This interventional study involving human participants, has been approved by the University of Calgary (UofC) Conjoint Health Research Ethics Board (CHREB) (ethics ID: REB 21-2050).
Brain corticogenesis and cholesterol homeostasis promotes SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication
Authors: Moon Byoung-San , Ahn Dae-Gyun , Park Jieun , Mai Thi Quynh Nhu , Batjargal Ulziituya , Hong Hyowon , Yoon Sae-Bom , Lee Sunhee , Yoon Gun Young , Kim Chonsaeng , Ku Keun Bon , Nam Hye Jin , Kwak Ihn-Sil , Kim Seong-Jun , Cho Heeyeong
Published: February 2023

Although the neuroinvasiveness of SARS-CoV-2 has been extensively studied, the correlation between virus infectivity and brain maturation remained unclear. Here, using human-induced pluripotent stem cells-derived three-dimensional cerebral organoids (CBOs), we present the first quantitative data for long-term kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 propagation in brain for 20 days post-infection. We showed that mature brains are more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 than immature counterparts, evident from increased viral replication rate and higher TUNEL + cells proportion. Transcriptome profiling identified enhancement of corticogenesis and gliogenesis and indicated enrichments in translation machinery- and lipid metabolism-associated genes in mature brain, suggesting the major factors conferring the robust infectivity of SARS-CoV-2. The role of cholesterol in promoting viral replication was confirmed by the reduced number of infected cells in lipid lowering-drugs condition. Together, this study highlights that permissiveness of the brains to SARS-CoV-2 is greatly enhanced with their maturation and suggests cholesterol as a new target for suppressing viral replication.
Study on form optimization of open-pit mine slope based on section and spatial form effect
Authors: Jia Lan , Wang Jiaqi , Cai Xueting , Fang Linhao , Wang Dong
Published: February 2023

Reasonable design of the slope form of mining field is an important prerequisite for optimizing open-pit mining boundary, ensuring safe production and improving economic benefits of open-pit mines. Taking an open-pit mine in Thar coalfield of Pakistan as the research background. Based on the section form effect of slope stability and the occurrence characteristics of coal seam and weak layer, the section form of slope was optimized step by step from two-dimensional angle by using the rigid body limit equilibrium method. The three-dimensional numerical simulation method was used to revealed the influence of slope spatial geometry on slope stability, that based on the three-dimensional spatial effect of slope stability. At the same time, the three-dimensional numerical simulation method was used to optimize the spatial form of the slope, thus revealed the evolution mechanism of slope instability. By comparing the optimized slope form with the preliminary design and the slope form of the the straight slope with equal flat plate, the economic benefits were further analyzed. The results showed that under the premise of meeting the safety reserve coefficient, compared with the preliminary design and the design of equal plate. The slope angle of the optimized section form was increased by 1 ° and 3 ° respectively, and the coal resource recovery was increased by 332m2 and 1790m2 respectively, and the economic benefits were $ 18065859 and $ 54408251 respectively. And the slope angle of the optimized spatial form was increased by 3 ° and 5 ° respectively, and the coal resource recovery was increased by 1188m2 and 2726m2 respectively, and the economic benefits were $ 72082808 and $ 108417368 respectively.
In major joint diseases the human synovium retains its potential to form repair cartilage
Authors: Hunziker Ernst B. , Shintani Nahoko , Lippuner Kurt , Vögelin Esther , Keel Marius JB
Published: February 2023

The inner surface layer of human joints, the synovium, is a source of stem cells for the repair of articular cartilage defects. We investigated the potential of the normal human synovium to form novel cartilage and compared its chondrogenic capacity with that of two patient groups suffering from major joint diseases: young adults with femoro-acetabular impingement syndromes of the hip (FAI), and elderly individuals with osteoarthritic degeneration of the knee (OA). Synovial membrane explants of these three donor groups were inducedin vitroto undergo chondrogenesis by growth factors: bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) alone, transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGF-ß1) alone, or a combination of these two. Quantitative evaluations of the newly formed cartilages were performed respecting their gene activities, as well as the histochemical, immunhistochemical, morphological and histomorphometrical characteristics. Formation of adult articular-like cartilage was induced by the BMP-2/TGF-ß1 combination within all three groups, and was confirmed by adequate gene-expression levels of the anabolic chondrogenic markers; the levels of the catabolic markers remained low. Our data reveal that the chondrogenic potential of the normal human synovium remains uncompromised, both in FAI and OA. The potential of synovium-based clinical repair of joint cartilage may thus not be impaired by age-related joint pathologies.
Stochastic finite-fault modelling of Ms 6.8 Luding earthquake in 2022 and seismic hazard scenario of Moxi Fault, Southwest China
Authors: Wang Tianjia , Xie Xu , Shen Yonggang , Weng Weipeng
Published: February 2023

The establishment of ground motion model is a crucial component of seismic hazard analysis, and the numerical simulation technology of ground motion is widely used in regions with insufficient earthquake records. Based on the stochastic finite-fault method, the present work performed the scenario-based seismic hazard analysis of Moxi fault. Considering the variety of site amplification caused by complex terrain, genetic algorithm was conducted to identify the site amplification. Through the simulation of the Ms 6.8 Luding earthquake in 2022, it was found that the correction of site amplification effectively reduced the model deviation, and made the simulated 5%-damped spectral acceleration (SA) in good agreement with the observation. After that, the ground motion of the Mw 7.1 scenario earthquake was synthesized using the calibrated input parameters and hybrid source model, so as to effectively reflect the uncertainty of source parameters. The scenario earthquake was discussed through: 1) sensitivity analysis of stress drop and upper-edge buried depth; 2) identification of the probability distribution of SA at 0.8 s, which represented the dynamic characteristics of engineering structures; 3) generation of seismic hazard map using ground motion intensity index. The prediction of the scenario earthquake provided a basis for earthquake disaster loss evaluation and seismic fortification of engineering structures.
Machine Learning approach for Drug-Target affinity prediction in Computer Aided Drug Design
Authors: Dani Ninad Janardan , Deshmukh Nilesh K. , Kadam Purushottam A. , Nayak Sunil Kashibarao
Published: February 2023

Since the COVID-19 outbreak in early 2020 and till today, the medicinal drug industry is becoming more in demand and also utilizing new research and development tools to create and identify new drugs for various diseases. One of the famous approaches in Artificial Intelligence which is used for computer aided drug design is Machine Learning. In this paper, the machine learning approach for drug-target interaction (DTI), which is the part in drug design, is discussed with practical and algorithmic implementation. Datasets such as Kinase Inhibitor Bioactivity (KIBA) and Davis are used which are popular for the purpose. The use of techniques like Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for the 1- dimensional inputs like protein sequences and SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input-Line Entry System) to calculate binding affinity and drug target interaction (DTI) is also discussed here.
A whole-exome analysis of non-syndromic hearing loss patients from India reveals a wide spectrum of known and novel mutations
Authors: Chakraborty Sudipta , Mitra Sukanya , Ghosh Arnab , Kumar Krishna , Sanga Shamita , Dutta Atanu Kumar , Mukherjee Suchandra , Biswas Nidhan Kumar , Chakrabarti Saikat , Acharya Moulinath
Published: February 2023

Background
Non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL) is characterized by congenital mild-to-profound sensorineural hearing impairment. It affects 1 in 1000 neonates in India. While we have a large genetically deaf population in India, our knowledge about the specific causes behind the disorder is almost non-existent. We carried out clinical audiological characterization in a cohort of 43 NSHL patients from India and subsequently performed whole exome seqencing (WES) to create a high-resolution genomic architecture behind congenital hearing loss. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulations (MDS) and in silico homology modeling were conducted for some novel and missense variants. Moreover, we investigated the genotype-phenotype relationship to reach a final diagnosis for NSHL.
Results
A total of 28 rare and deleterious mutations were identified in 21 genes previously reported based on the hereditary hearing loss database. We could accurately diagnose 51% of the patients (n = 22/43) in our NSHL cohort. The presence of pathogenic and likely pathogenic mutations was confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Additionally, in silico homology modelling and MDS of mutations in GJB2, SLC26A4, GPSM2, TMPRSS3, CIB2, and TSPEAR revealed that the stability of the mutant proteins was altered compared to their wild-type, suggesting their potential pathogenic role.
Conclusion
The WES findings would help create a strong knowledge base for deafness genetics in the Indian population, which will aid in high-quality genetic care for families with this disability that was challenging using traditional diagnostic methods. The therapeutic use of this WES finding will help guide clinical care and genetic counseling for individuals with NSHL.
Invitro efficacy of green synthesized silver nanoconjugates of Valeriana wallichii methanolic root extract against MDR strain of Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Kumar Manish , Agarwal Mohini , Anguluri N.V. Lakshmi Kavya , Mane Pratibha , Sinha O. P. , Bala Kumud
Published: February 2023

Background
Antimicrobial resistance is peaking up all over the world and requires immediate attention. In quest of finding a sustainable solution to the present threat of future epidemics which is going to be caused by Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) as per the WHO report (2020), this study has been used to pave a path for finding an herbal solution to it. The novelty of this study is that Valeriana wallichii (V. wallichii) has been analyzed for its methanolic extract/nano-conjugate against A baumannii.
Results
HPLC of the extract has shown the presence of polyphenols- Quercitin, Rutin, and Tannic acid in high concentration. This fraction on nano-conjugation with silver has shown its equivalence to tetracycline antibiotics in restricting the growth of A. baumannii. Further, insilico studies taking crucial death receptors (Amp C, Fab1, RstA, LpxA, Aspartokinase, and shikimate dehydrogenase) of A. baumannii have shown binding energy ranging from − 11.6 to -13.3 kcal/mol for Tannic acid and close to this for Rutin and Linalool. It signifies that the fraction is potent enough to be a potential drug candidate for restricting this bacterium. The results were amazing when V. wallichii silver nanoconjugate (Vw-AgNCs), size range 1-200nm validated by DLS, AFM, and SEM-EDX on green synthesis has many times substantially enhanced restriction of A. baumannii as compared to only extract of V. wallichii. Keeping in view, its application to mankind, the cytotoxicity of the extract was evaluated on the human Fibroblast cell line (L929), showing an LC50 value of 368ug/ml. Many types of research have shown the time-dependent cytotoxicity of antibiotics as low as 5-50ug/ml providing us with a huge therapeutic window for the Vw-AgNCs.
Conclusion
Vw-AgNCs exhibited strong antimicrobial activity than the only extract and chemically synthesized nanoparticles so they can be a potential antimicrobial agent against A. baumannii in the future.
Application of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in True and Pseudo Optic Disc Swelling
Authors: Aghdam Kaveh Abri , Aghajani Ali , Zand Amin , Chaibakhsh Samira , Ijadi Fatemeh Zahra , Falavarjani Khalil Ghasemi
Published: February 2023

We assessed the optic disc microvasculature in healthy subjects and patients with optic nerve head drusen (ONHD), active papilledema, and acute non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Sixteen eyes with ONHD, 31 eyes with active papilledema, 16 eyes with acute NAION, and 32 healthy eyes were included in this prospective and comparative case series. Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and optic disc vasculature maps were recorded by OCTA. Average RNFL thicknesses were greater in the eyes with ONHD, papilledema, and NAION than in control eyes (all Ps < 0.001), but this parameter did not differ among patient groups. In comparison to healthy eyes, the peripapillary vessel density in the ONHD group was not lower (P= 1.000), in contrast to the papilledema and NAION groups (P = 0.008, and P < 0.001, respectively). The only difference between eyes with papilledema and ONHD was lower peripapillary vessel density in the papilledema group (P = 0.018). All vessel density values were lower in the eyes with NAION in comparison to the ONHD (all Ps ≤ 0.002). In addition, in the eyes with NAION, the inside disc vessel density was lower than papilledema (P< 0.001). Peripapillary vascular density is affected during the course of ONHD, papilledema, and NAION. Despite the observed decrease in the vessel density values in true disc edema, further studies are needed to evaluate the application of OCTA for differentiating true from pseudo optic disc edema.
Effect of Confinement on Recirculation Structures in Isothermal Coaxial Swirling Jet
Authors: Santhosh R. , Pattanshetti Arun , Chaturvedi Shivansh
Published: February 2023

In this work, an experimental and numerical investigation of effect of two confinement ratios (CR=1.81, and 2.7) on two different recirculation zones (RZs) viz., prevortex breakdown bubble (PVB) and central toroidal recirculation zone (CTRZ) observed in coaxial swirling jet in isothermal/non-reacting conditions is presented. As a part of experimental study 2-D laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) has been used to acquire mean axial velocity values at different points within the non-reacting/isothermal flow field. 3D unsteady RANS simulations are carried out to evaluate the performance of different turbulent models in predicting the two types of RZs in confined condition. Radial profiles of mean axial velocity and extent (dimensions) of recirculation zones (RZs) obtained experimentally are used as parameters to compare the numerical results consequently to evaluate suitable turbulent models in simulating two types RZs. Finally, the numerical results obtained by employing best suitable turbulent model are used to gain more physical insights into the flow field of confined coaxial swirling jets. Results showed that flow confinement has a significant effect on the two types RZs studied. Furthermore, the effect of confinement ratio CR=2.7 is found more similar as that of unconfined case whereas, the wall/confinement effect is strongly witnessed in CR = 1.81 case for both PVB and CTRZ flow states.
Leptin receptor gene polymorphisms in patients with post-transplant diabetes mellitus
Authors: Dziedziejko Violetta , Safranow Krzysztof , Kijko-Nowak Mirosława , Malinowski Damian , Pawlik Andrzej
Published: February 2023

Post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is a metabolic complication that often occurs after kidney transplantation. Factors that increase the risk of this complication are currently being researched, including polymorphisms in genes affecting carbohydrate-lipid metabolism. Leptin is a hormone that affects appetite and adipose tissue and plays an important role in regulating insulin secretion as well as glucose and lipid metabolism. The aim of this study was to examine the association between leptin receptor gene polymorphisms and the development of post-transplant diabetes mellitus. The study was carried out in a group of 201 patients who underwent kidney transplantation. The follow-up period was 12 months. PTDM was diagnosed in 35 patients. There were no statistically significant differences in the distribution of the LEPR rs1137100 and LEPR rs1805094 polymorphisms between patients with and without PTDM. Analysing the LEPR gene rs1137101 polymorphism, we observed in patients with PTDM an increased frequency of GG allele carriers (GG vs AA; OR 3.36; 95% CI (0.99–11.46), p = 0.044). Multivariate regression analysis confirmed that female sex, advanced age, increased BMI and a higher number of LEPR rs1137101 G alleles were independent risk factors for PTDM development. The risk of PTDM development was almost 3.5 times greater in LEPR rs1137101 G allele carriers than in AA homozygotes (GG + AG vs AA; OR 3.48; 95%CI (1.09–11.18), p = 0.035). The results suggest that patients after kidney transplantation with the LEPR gene rs1137101 G allele have an increased risk of post-transplant diabetes development.
Influence of dust extreme and mud adhesion on the power networks over southwest Iran: case study Ahvaz metropolitan
Authors: Nasry Maede , Rahimi Mohammad , Zalzadeh Saeed
Published: February 2023

Changes in climate have a significant effect on dust extremes. Occurring dust extremes in humid ambient air simultaneously or successively can form wet mud deposition on the surface of urban areas. The mud deposition on the power network systems devices causes irreversible damage to the devices and significantly influences system performance and efficiency in southwest Iran. This often resulted in blackouts that have caused problems in the operation of urban infrastructure and people's daily activities for up to several days. In this study, the climatic conditions and risk assessment of mud formation were investigated in Ahvaz. Data on a diurnal and monthly timescale of dust and humidity relative used for assessing extreme dust and wet conditions and were taken from Ahvaz synoptic station over 11 years (2009-2019). The multivariate copula-based framework is used to calculate univariate and bivariate return periods of mud deposition hazard. The results imply that dust anomalies increase the probability of dust extreme coincidence with wet extreme and occurrence of wet mud hazards in the cold seasons of the year. In addition, limited adaptive capacity, shortage of information, and poor stakeholder coordination and cooperation caused the large-scale impact of wet mud hazard in Ahvaz. By considering only relative humidity data, the return period of the 2017 Ahvaz mud adhesion hazard, is approximately 12 to 43 years. If we consider only dust the return period of the 2017 Ahvaz mud adhesion hazard is estimated at 80 to 700 years. However, for both dust and relative humidity extreme, the joint return periods for TDR (Dust and Relative humidity) and T'DR (Dust or Relative humidity) are Respectively estimated greater than 200 and lower than 20 years.
Data Augmentation and Transfer Learning for Cross-lingual Named Entity Recognition in the Biomedical Domain
Authors: Lancheros Brayan Stiven , Corpas-Pastor Gloria , Mitkov Ruslan
Published: February 2023

Given the increase in production of data for the biomedical field and the unstoppable growth of the internet, the need for Information Extraction (IE) techniques has skyrocketed. Named Entity Recognition (NER) is one of such IE tasks useful for professionals in different areas. There are several settings where biomedical NER is needed, for instance, extraction and analysis of biomedical literature, relation extraction, organisation of biomedical documents, and knowledge-base completion. However, the computational treatment of entities in the biomedical domain has faced a number of challenges including its high cost of annotation, ambiguity, and lack of biomedical NER datasets in languages other than English. These difficulties have hampered data development, affecting both the domain itself and its multilingual coverage. The purpose of this study is to overcome the scarcity of biomedical data for NER in Spanish, for which only two datasets exist, by developing a robust bilingual NER model. Inspired by back-translation, this paper leverages the progress in Neural Machine Translation (NMT) to create a synthetic version of the CRAFT (Colorado Richly Annotated Full-Text) dataset in Spanish. Additionally, a new CRAFT dataset is constructed by replacing 20% of the entities in the original dataset generating a new augmented dataset. Further, we evaluate two training methods: concatenation of datasets and continuous training to assess the transfer learning capabilities of transformers using the newly obtained datasets. The best performing NER system in the development set achieved an F-1 score of 86.39%. The novel methodology proposed in this paper presents the first bilingual NER system and it has the potential to improve applications across under-resourced languages.