bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROSES KREATIF KOMUNITAS SENI NAN TUMPAH
Authors: Eliza Meria , Irianto Ikhsan Satria
Published: October 2018

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses kreatif Komunitas Seni Nan Tumpah (KSNT) dan bagaimana persepsi masyarakat terhadap karya dan keberadaannya. KSNT merupakan kelompok seni terproduktif di Sumatra Barat yang karya-karyanya mendapatkan tanggapan berbeda dari masyarakat luas. Upaya untuk mengupas tentang proses kreatif dan keberadaan dari KSNT, metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan deskriptif interpretatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diambil kesimpulan, pertama kecenderungan karya KSNT adalah mengolah seni tradisi sebagai material artistik garapan seni modern. Kedua, setiap karya KSNT mempertimbangkan jangkauan penontonnya, sehingga karya-karya KSNT dapat diterima dengan baik oleh masyarakat. Ketiga, keberadaan KSNT meningkatkan minat apresiasi seni masyarakat di Korong Kasai, Padang Pariaman.           Kata Kunci: komunitas seni nan tumpah, proses kreatif, masyarakat AbstractThis study aims to find out the creative process of the Komunitas Seni Nan Tumpah (KSNT) and how people's perceptions of their work and existence. KSNT is the most productive art group in West Sumatra whose works get different responses from the wider community. Efforts to explore the creative process and the existence of KSNT, the research method used is interpretive descriptive approach. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the first tendency of KSNT's work is to process traditional art as an artistic material of modern art. Second, each KSNT work considers the audience's reach, so that KSNT's works can be well received by the community. Third, the existence of KSNT increased the interest in the appreciation of community art in Korong Kasai, Padang Pariaman.  Keywords: komunitas seni nan tumpah, proses kreatif, masyarakat
KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KREATIF MATEMATIS SISWA MELALUI PROBLEM BASED LEARNING
Authors: Putri Febriyani , Hasbi Muhammad
Published: October 2018

This research aimed at finding out (1)the improvement of the ability in creative mathematical thinking, (2) the improvement of the ability in reasoning and creative mathematical thinking for high, medium, and low level students. and (3) the interactions between students’ preliminary ability and the learning approach in improving the reasoning and creative mathematical thinking. By involving PBL in learning requires students to think creatively to generate new ideas in learning. The design of the research was quasi experiment. The sample were the student of VIII.9 at SMPN 31 Padang and the students of VIII.1 at SMPN 25Padang.The result of the research showed that (1) the improvement of students’ ability in creative mathematical thinking for those who were taught by using PBL was better than those who were taught by using the conventional learning, (2) the improvement of students’ ability in creative mathematical thinking for the high, medium, and low level students who were taught by using PBL was better than those who were taught by using the conventional learning, and (3) there was interaction between the preliminary ability and the learning approach to students’ creative mathematical thinking ability.
BLOG-GOTHIC AS AN INTERACTIVE LEARNING MEDIA IN ANALYTICAL GEOMETRY COURSE
Authors: Indahwati Rohmah , Tafrilyanto Chairul Fajar
Published: October 2018

This study aims to determine (1) how the application of Blog-Gothic as an interactive learning media in Analytical Geometry course (2) the response of students to the use of Blog-Gothic as an interactive learning media in the course of Analytical Geometry. This blog utilization is expected to produce a significant influence, which is in addition to aiming to improve student learning outcomes, it is also expected to help students wisely utilize the internet to find material lectures, discuss difficulties in certain subjects and increase creativity in writing. In addition, lecturers are also easier to monitor the progress of their students through their Blogs or by visiting student Blogs. It is also expected to be able to overcome the diversity of the ability to ask and argue and also can be a solution to the lack of face-to-face hours of lectures. This research is a quantitative research with the use of quasi-experimental or quasi-experimental. Subjects are given an initial test and then given Blog-based learning and then given a final test to find out the improvement in learning outcomes. Observations, questionnaires and interviews were conducted to obtain student response data on Blog-Gothic usage.
Pembangunan Sistem Informasi Zona Potensi Sumber Daya Kelautan Kabupaten Gunungkidul Berbasis HMVC Menggunakan Google Maps API dan JSON
Authors: Susetyo Yerymia Alfa , Saian Pratyaksa Ocsa N. , Somya Ramos
Published: October 2018

Indonesia dikenal sebagai negara maritim atau kepulauan terbesar di dunia dengan dua per tiga dari luas wilayah Indonesia adalah laut. Sumber daya kelautan dan perikanan Indonesia diperkirakan bernilai US$ 136,5 milyar. Guna meningkatkan nilai ekonomi sumber daya kelautan perlu dirumuskan strategi pengelolaan dengan mengintegrasikan teknologi informasi. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah perancangan Sistem Informasi Geografi Zona Potensi Kelautan daerah Kabupaten Gunungkidul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) berbasis web sehingga memudahkan  pemerintah setempat dalam mengelola informasi tentang potensi pariwisata, pertanian, dan perikanan, dan memudahkan masyarakat umum dalam mencari informasi tentang potensi kelautan di daerah Kabupaten Gunungkidul. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah web sistem informasi geografi zona potensi kelautan dengan framework CodeIgniter dengan teknologi HMVC (Hierarchical Model View Controller)  dan menggunakan servis dari Google Maps API. Aplikasi ini menggunakan format JSON dalam pertukaran data karena memudahkan pengembang dalam mengembangkan aplikasi ke lintas platform.
Model Fitur Pencarian Dokumen pada Web Sistem Akreditasi Progam Studi (SAPTI) UKSW menggunakan Metode AJAX
Authors: Nugroho Erik Wahyu Abdi , Prasetyo Sri Yulianto Joko
Published: October 2018

SAPTI UKSW merupakan sebuah web yang bertujuan untuk mempermudah proses akreditasi program studi di UKSW. Web ini mempunyai banyak dokumen penting termasuk dokumen akreditasi dan dokumen AIPT yang jUMLahnya ribuan file dimana tujuan penelitian ini yaitu memudahkan user program studi maupun user admin dalam proses pencarian dokumen tersebut.  Salah satu kendala proses pencarian dokumen yaitu kecepatan dan ketepatan dalam menemukan dokumen yang dicari. Untuk itu dibutuhkan suatu metode atau teknik yang dapat meningkatkan proses pencarian dokumen tersebut salah satu cara yaitu dengan menerapkan teknik AJAX pada fitur pencarian dokumen. AJAX (Asynchronous Javascript and XML) merupakan sebuah teknik pemrograman berbasis web Javascript yang dapat langsung berkomunikasi langsung dengan server tanpa harus refresh laman web tersebut. Dengan menerapkan teknik AJAX pada fitur pencarian dokumen web SAPTI, memungkinkan proses pencarian akan lebih cepat, efektif dan efisien, tentu akan membantu user admin dan user program studi.
Location Determination of Salatiga City Park Potential with Geographic Information System
Authors: Manik Noviarta Rizky , Simanjuntak Bistok Hasiholan
Published: October 2018

Based on Salatiga Urban Land Use Plan 2010-2030, Salatiga still having lacked 30% of the green open space from its area. The addition of the city park is one of the green open space planning that can support the lack, so the research about Salatiga city park location determination with Geographic Information System (GIS) was as one part of the planning of the city park addition. The purpose of the study is ideal location determine for the city park in Salatiga which it was based on population density, population preferences and city park manager, land characteristics, and government regulation about the green open space. The research method was used the descriptive method through quantitative and qualitative approach by utilizing GIS software, questionnaire, and an interview. The research result showed the city park can be developed in protected areas (especially in urban forest sites) or in cultivation areas. However, the city park development must be in accordance with government regulations, land character and land suitability requirements for the city parks. Potential locations for urban parks in Salatiga city can be distinguished by two categories: 1. Recommended class area with 944,584 ha (16.64% of total area) and 2) Highly Recommended class area with 123.37 ha (2.17% of total area).
IMUNOGLOBULIN A DI DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE
Authors: Joseph Iwan , Bahrun Uleng , Ganda Idham Jaya , Arif Mansyur
Published: October 2018

Recently several serology tests have been used to detect IgM and IgG antidengue, and NS1 antigen. On the last study was launched a new diagnose test using immunochromatography method to detect the specific antidengue IgA antibody. The aim of this study was to evaluate the IgA antidengue performance using immunochromatography method in Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever patients. The study was carried out during March up to July 2010 by a cross sectional method. The samples taken were 1–14 year‘s old patients from the Infectious Tropical Sub Division of the Department of Paediatric, Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar. The samples were diagnosed Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever based on the criteria of WHO 1997 and they also subjected to IgM and IgG serology tests as well. The test for IgA is using immunochromatography method. The data was analyzed by Spearman Correlation Test. From the total 40 samples, which consist of 16 (40%) male and 24 women (60%), generally were taken on the fourth day until the sixth day of onset. There were more IgA anti Dengue detected rather than IgM on the secondary infection. The researchers found moderate correlation among the IgA test with IgM (+), IgG (+), or both positive. Based on this study so far it can be concluded that the Dengue IgA test can be used to detect the primary or secondary Dengue virus infection.
PERBANDINGAN PENENTUAN KADAR TIROKSIN ENZYME LINKED IMMUNOFLUORESCENT ASSAY (ELFA) DAN ENZYME LINKED IMMUNOSORBANT ASSAY (ELISA)
Authors: Yunianti Faizah , Darmadi Siswanto , Probohoesodo M Y. , Budiono Budiono
Published: October 2018

The determination of thyroxin (T4) is known as a good indicator to know the condition of thyroid function. In the hyperthyroid state, are shown clearly the increased levels of T4, while in the hypothyroid state their levels always decrease. The T4 levels change due to the physiological and pathological conditions on the ability of thyroxin binding globulin (TBG). The T4 measurement can be performed using an enzyme-linked fluorescent immunoassay (ELFA) or enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). Both ELFA and ELISA can detect T4 antigen. In these research fifty one randomized samples sera from the Clinical Pathology laboratory, at Dr. Soetomo Hospital, consisting of 11 males and 40 females, were studied. They were comparing using ELFA and ELISA to know the levels of T4. In this study the method used is a cross sectional observational, and the statistical analysis with nonparametric Spearman Correlation Rank's test and Wilcoxon Signed Rank's Test. In the results by using ELFA were found the mean and SD values 8.78 Î¼g/dL/5.39 Î¼g/dL, whereas by ELISA 11.06 Î¼g/dL/5.38 Î¼g/dL. These results showed a correlation between ELFA and ELISA with rs 0.576. The T4 levels results showed as follows, hypothyroid ELFA 8 (15.7%), ELISA 6 (11.8%); normal levels ELFA 32 (62.7%), ELISA 29 (56.9%); hyperthyroid ELFA 11 (21.6%), ELISA 16 (31.4%) with p 0.090 which was not considered significant. It can be concluded from the showen results that in the determination of T4 concentration using ELFA gave a lower yield compared with ELISA. Further examination is required by special treatment of the sample or other way to find out which one is the best way for determination of T4 levels.
CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS PARU DI PENDERITA TBC
Authors: Prasetyo R. Heru
Published: October 2018

The pulmonary cryptosporidiosis cases had been reported for immunocompromised persons, most all of whom were secunder infected with HIV and AIDS patients. Tuberculosis is a chronic respiratory disease and tending to cause a weakened immune system (immunocompromised). However, pulmonary cryptosporidiosis has not been previously reported as secunder infection in tuberculosis patients. The objective of this study was to know the prevalence of pulmonary cryptosporidiosis determination in tuberculosis patients. This research was carried out by a cross sectional study utilitzing waste sputum samples from tuberculosis patients. The detection of Cryptosporidium oocyst used modified version acid fast stain of Ziehl Neelsen technique. Three sputum samples among 44 sputum samples (6.8%) had Cryptosporidium oocyst positive. These findings suggest that there was a potential for respiratory transmission of cryptosporidiosis. Although the prevalence of pulmonary cryptosporidiosis in tuberculosis patients are low, the researcher suggest that the possibility of pulmonary cryptosporidiosis as a secondary infection in tuberculosis patients existed, and there for a laboratory examination of pulmonary cryptosporidiosis becoming routinely laboratory for tuberculosis patients.
HITUNG TROMBOSIT DI SINDROM KORONER AKUT TERKAIT LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARIN (LMWH)
Authors: Kornelius Cyntia , Muhadi Darwati , Arif Mansyur
Published: October 2018

Heparin and Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) had been used widely for prevention and treatment of thrombosis in the patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Actually, the administration of heparin may caused some adverse effect, such as heparin inducedthrombocytopenia (HIT). This study was aimed to reveal thrombocytes count in patients with ACS who underwent LMWH therapy. An observational study with cohort prospective design was performed in 30 patients with ACS. The thrombocytes count was obtained from complete blood count (CBC) by using haematology analyzer (Sysmex XT 2000i) that performed at Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar. The obtained data was analyzed with Wilcoxon test. The mean thrombocytes count before the administration of LMWH was 236.800/Î¼L, while mean thrombocytes count after the administration of LMWH was 280.270/Î¼L. Suprisingly this data showed that in general thrombocytes count was increased significantly (P=0.004) five day after starting LMWH therapy. In this study only one (3.3%) of 30 patients who received LMWH had trombocytes count less than 150.000/Î¼L. Based on this study an antibody test to PF4-heparin complex was needed to determined occurance of HIT in this patient. The thrombocytes count was increased significantly (P=0.004) in patients with ACS who had given LMWH therapy.
IMUNISASI PROTEIN ADHESIN 38-KDA MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS LEWAT RONGGA MULUT TERKAIT SEL T CD8+ DI PARU
Authors: Arthamin Maimun Z , Gani Agus A , Issiyah Nurani , Santoso Sanarto
Published: October 2018

The efficacy of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), vaccine against tuberculosis (TB), varies widely, from 0 to 90%; and BCG mainly activates CD4+ T cells, but it fails to activate CD8+ T cells. From the previous study, 38-kDa protein is an adhesin protein. CD8+ T cells play the role in controlling Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection and contribute to the memory immunity. The objective of this study was to determine effect of oral immunization by 38-kDa adhesin protein of M.tb to increase the level of CD8+ T cells in the lung of BALB/c mice. This study used an experimental with post test control group design. The mice were divided into six groups (each group consist of 4 samples), where Group 1: were immunization orally with 100 Î¼g 38-kDa adhesin protein of M.tb and 12 Î¼g ISCOMs. Followed by group 2: 100 Î¼g 38-kDa adhesin protein of M.tb, group 3: 50 Î¼g 38-kDa adhesin protein of M.tb and 12 Î¼g ISCOMs, and group 4: 50 Î¼g 38-kDa adhesin protein of M.tb. Group 5: 12 Î¼g ISCOMs. Group 6: Control. In this study was found increased level of CD8+ T cells in the lung of BALB/c mice after orally immunization with 38-kDa adhesin protein of M.tb. The highest level of CD8+ T cells was on group 1, p=0.000. Also there were found significant differences among the immunized groups, except group 2 and 3, as well as group 5 and 6 also. It can be concluded in this study that oral immunization with 38-kDa adhesin protein of M.tuberculosis could increase the level of CD8+ T cells in the lung of BALB/c mice.
COLD AGGLUTININ PADA PENDERITA COMMUNITY ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA
Authors: Johanis Johanis , Soemarsono Juli
Published: October 2018

Cold agglutinins at below physiologic body temperature can cause spontaneous agglutinations of erythrocytes. Cold agglutinins result from a particular antibodies activation on erythrocytes associated with a primary disease, including infection. The generation of antibody activates complement resulting in hemolysis. A 63-year-old man suffered from shortness of breath accompanied with productive cough, fever, right chest pain, loss of appetite, nausea, and occasionally vomiting. Physical examination showed an increase of pulse rate, respiration rate, and body temperature. Lung examination showed right intercostals retraction and rales in both lungs, but no abnormality detected in other organs. Chest X-ray showed pneumonia. EDTA whole blood showed spontaneous agglutinations at room temperature, however this did not occur by maintaining temperature at 37° C. Different complete blood count results were shown between agglutinated blood and absent of agglutination blood samples. As anti-I, anti-i, and/or anti-H was suspected, agglutinations for anti-A and anti-AB occurred by using ABO forward grouping test, whereas reverse grouping showed agglutinations for A, B, and O cells. Protein electrophoresis showed increase of alpha- 1 and gamma globulin; decrease of renal function; slightly increase of indirect bilirubin; and suspected Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Klebsiella pneumoniae. The diagnosis of this case was community acquired pneumonia and suspected ESBL. Cold agglutinins affected CBC evaluations mostly shown in the erithrocyte index, nevertheless this could prevented by maintaining at physiologic body temperature. Infection could induce activation of cold agglutinins.
BAKTERI AEROB DAN UJI KEPEKAAN ANTIMIKROBA
Authors: Zuhriah Erviani , Sennang Nurhayana , ER Darmawaty
Published: October 2018

Nosocomial infection is an infection acquired in hospitals, which occur more frequently in poor and developing countries such as Indonesia, one percent of the related cases leads to death. The occurrence of nosocomial infection causes the lengthening of hospitalization and increased risk of disease transmission. According to Permenkes No. 1204/Menkes/SK/X/2004, the Emergency Room is one of the high-risk areas. The objectives of this research were to quantify the number of aerobic bacteria, to know the identification method of the pathogenic bacteria and to determine the antimicrobial sensitivity pattern in the emergency installation. A cross sectional study was performed by collecting air samples at eleven treatment rooms of the Emergency installation in dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital Makassar by using Microbiology Air Sampler 100 (MAS 100). The bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility tests (AST) were conducted at the Balai Besar Laboratorium Kesehatan Makassar (July to September 2009). The number of bacterial colonies were 288–6570 CFU/m3. Pathogenic bacteria identified in the study were Stomatococcus mucilaginous, Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, which were still sensitive to tetracycline and resistant to ceftazidim and kanamycin.The number of bacterial colonies exceeded the standard number established by the Decree of Indonesian Health Minister
SISTEM INFORMASI DALAM PELAYANAN LABORATORIUM
Authors: Benuriadi Benuriadi , Sianipar Osman , Sanjaya Guardian Yoki
Published: October 2018

The development of information technology has altered the conventional type of hospital laboratoryservices, from mostly paper based into computerized system. In term of quicker and easier, the output of computer-based information is useful for the improving healthcare services management. Laboratory services in the public hospitals mostly used paper-based laboratory data processing, leading to problems of accessibility, usability, clarity and completeness of the information. This study aims to to know how to develop a computer-based laboratory information system for a supporting laboratory management in the hospital toward in depth and systematic assessment among relevant stakeholders. The study was conducted at Praya Public Hospital Central District of Lombok, Nusa Tenggara Barat. Five stages of prototyping method were used for the system development, namely: planning, designing, systems testing, pilot implementation and system evaluation. Data and information obtained to observe in this study were in-depth interviews and questionnaire dissemination. During the planning phase, there were four groups of information should be identified, which should be required by the hospital management, laboratory staff, physicians and other health providers and information for the patient as well. Following the need assessment, a context diagram, Data Flow Diagram (DFD), structure of database, Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD), input and output designs were created. A prototype of computer-based laboratory information system was developed according to these systematic analysis and design. Evaluation on user's perception demonstrated that the prototype could provide laboratory information easily, understandable, as well as complete and useful for all group of users. In conclusion, developing information system that involved potential users in hospital laboratory unit demonstrated its usefulness and this encouraged that public hospitals should adopt computerized laboratory information systems.
PERBANDINGAN PEMERIKSAAN TRIGLISERIDA METODE GLYCEROL BLANKING DAN NON GLYCEROL BLANKING PADA SIROSIS HEPATIS
Authors: Widyaningsih Sri , Anniwati Leonita , Soemarsono Juli
Published: October 2018

Liver cirrhosis is a chronic liver disease with fibrosis and impairment of function. In liver disease increasing endogenous free glycerol has been found which constitutes a source of interference in the measurement of (TG). The aim of this study is to compare the glycerol blanking (TG-GB) which does not interfere with endogenous free glycerol to non glycerol blanking (TG-NGB) method in measuring TG in liver cirrhosis patients. In this study, sera were obtained from 22 liver cirrhosis and 30 healthy persons. All sera were measured for TG using TMS 1024i (Tokyo Boeki Medical System) with glycerol blanking (TG-GB) to non glycerol blanking (TG-NGB) method. In addition to this study, measurement of free glycerol was also compared to difference calculated TG-NGB and TG-GB in liver cirrhosis patients. The mean of TG-GB and TG-NGB measurements from healthy persons was 115.30±70.35 mg/dL and 121.27±67.14 mg/dL (p=0.108), respectively. The mean of TG-GB and TG-NGB measurements from liver cirrhosis patients was 101.09± 78,55 mg/dL and 120.91±79.44 mg/dL (p<0.0001). There was a significant difference between TG-GB and TG-NGB, and there was no significant difference between measurement of free glycerol to difference calculated TG-NGB and TG-GB in liver cirrhosis (p=0.784). However, there was a significant correlation between TG-GB and TG-NGB in healthy persons and liver cirrhosis patients. (p<0.0001). The measurement of TG-GB is more accurate than TG-NGB method in liver cirrhosis patients.
RESIDU LEUKOSIT DALAM THROMBOCYTE CONCENTRATE
Authors: PS Nurmalia , AP Purwanto , Julia Julia
Published: October 2018

Transfusion reactions in the thrombocyte concentrate (TC) manual is often associated with the storage time due to the release of cytokines by leukocytes during storage. The results showed the majority of transfusion reactions include fever/febrile non-haemolytic transfusion reaction (FNHTR). The quality control of blood components is necessary for the determination a component of blood in the bag already qualified for or not for transfusion. The aims of this study is to determine the residual leukocytes in the TC manual of Blood Donor Unit (UDD) at PMI Semarang with the shelf life of 3âˆ’5 days in compliance with the requirements of TC quality criteria of the European Union Council (EU).A Descriptive study is conducted at the Blood Donor Unit (UDD) PMI Semarang. The TC sample consist of 30 bags and manuals from the transfusion bag, which has been stored between 3âˆ’5 days. The examination of the residual leukocytes from the TC bag is carried out by manual microscopic method as well as the counting. The results obtained from the O blood group are 13 bags (43%) of TC, the B blood group seven (7) bags (33%), A blood group two bags (7%), and AB five (5) bags (17%). The range of the residual values of white blood cells in the TC manual is from 0 up to 0.0086í—109/unit. According to the EU Council of leukocytes in the TC control value is <0.2í—109/unit. The results of the residual leukocytes in the TC manual with the shelf life of 3âˆ’5 days are in accordance with the quality standards. This results indicates that the residual leukocytes in the TC manual UDD PMI Semarang in accordance with the EU quality standards.
ANGKA BANDING NETROFIL/LIMFOSIT APENDISITIS AKUT
Authors: Tandirogang Yanty , Bahrun Uleng , Mutmainnah Mutmainnah
Published: October 2018

Acute appendicitis is one of the acute abdominal conditions encountered in almost all hospitals in Indonesia. Acute inflammation of the appendix requiring immediate surgery to prevent complications, so it should takes several particular checking's to support the diagnosis quickly. These are leukocytes count, especially neutrophils and lymphocytes as the sensitive marker of the inflammatory process which belong to the simple laboratory examination and can be used as a diagnostic marker of acute appendicitis as well. The inflammatory immune response can be described of the percentage of neutrophils to the lymphocytes ratio in the circulation. A retrospective study was performed on patients whom suspected for acute appendicitis those undergoing appendectomy from January 2010âˆ’May 2011. The data were grouped according to post appendectomy diagnosis and the ratio of neutrophils/lymphocytes (NLR) compared with other parameter. The NLR in each group was compaed by one way ANOVA analyzing. A total of 59 patients were identified: 19 catarrhally, 19 phlegmonous, 10 gangrenous and 11 with perforation. Compared with other markers, NLR is much better in predicting acute appendicitis. NLR increased in all groups (mean>7), specifically on the perforated appendicitis that is greatly increased (mean=12.273). But this was not significantly different NLR from the group (p=0.098). Based on this study it can be concluded, that NLR is the better marker for diagnosis rather than leukocyte and USG. But unfortunately, it can not be used to differentiate the grading in acute appendicitis.
ANGIOTENSIN II DI PERBENIHAN ADIPOSIT YANG DIPAJAN GLUKOSA TINGGI
Authors: Firani Novi Khila
Published: October 2018

Abdominal obesity is closely linked to the occurrence of metabolic syndrome. In pathomechanism of metabolic syndrome, adipocity plays an important role as an active metabolic endocrine organ. This is accomplished the secretion of various hormones, enzymes, cytokines, and components that play a role in the rennin angiotensin system (RAS). One of the mechanisms linking the occurrence of hypertension in obesity is through the increased activity of RAS. Angiotensin II is the major effector of hypertension. The effect of high glucose exposure in adipocytes culture to angiotensin II secretion up to now is yet unknown. Adipociyties culture from rat visceral adipose tissue were exposed to 5 mM glucose concentration (as a physiological condition), 11 mM and 25 mM glucose concentration as the high glucose condition. Measurement of the angiotensin II level which is secreted in the culture medium was done by ELISA method. The mean (SD) levels of angiotensin II were 56.4 (4.28), 66.05 (2.24), and 69.22 (3:49) ng/mL respectively, for adipocities cultures exposed to 5 mM, 11 mM and 25 mM glucose concentration. High glucose exposure could increase the secretion of angiotensin II significantly in adipocytes culture. This suggests that the condition of hyperglycemia affects adipocytes dysfunction that play a role in the metabolic syndrome pathomechanism.
CASPASE-3 AKTIF DI LEUKEMIA MIELOSITIK AKUT (LMA) DAN LEUKEMIA LIMFOBLASTIK AKUT (LLA)
Authors: Setiawan Agus , Indarini Indarini , Setiawan Lyana , Kresno Siti Boedina , Prayogo Nugroho , Setiawati Arini
Published: October 2018

Dysregulation of apoptosis plays an essential role either in leukemogenesis or treatment response. Caspase-3 is a cysteine protease that functions as the final common mediator of apoptosis. The expression of the active caspase-3 is presumed as a predictor of prognosis and is able to predict the chemotherapy sensitivity. The aim of this study is to identify and to know the profile of active caspase-3 in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML) and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL), to correlate its expression in marrow and peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and to verify the extent of its use as a complete remission predictor after induction treatment. The study subjects consisted of patients who were diagnosed as AML and ALL with marrow and peripheral blood examination performed at the Department of Clinical Pathology Dharmais Cancer Hospital and CiptoMangunkusumo Hospital. Based on this study, it is revealed that the active caspase-3 expression in mononuclear marrow cells was higher in AML compared to ALL (p=0.033), active caspase-3 expression in marrow showed a strong correlation (r=0.764; p=0.001) to peripheral blood mononuclear cells in ALL and a medium correlation (r=0.594; p=0.042) in AML. The expression of the active caspase-3 in ALL patients was lower in complete remission patients compared to the non-complete remission patients. Regarding to this study it is recommended to measure the active caspase-3 along with molecules integrating in apoptosis signaling pathways such as cytochrome-c and in the formation of apoptosome.
KADAR CTX PEREMPUAN OSTEOPOROSIS LEBIH TINGGI DARIPADA PEREMPUAN NORMAL DAN OSTEOPENIA
Authors: Puspitawati Ira , Windarwati Windarwati , Sukorini Usi , Erlina Erlina , Herowati Pratiwi , Prabowo Arlan , Kusuma Riswan Hadi
Published: October 2018

Regarding to the ageing population in most countries, degenerative and metabolism diseases included osteoporosis are becoming increasingly and need special attention in all country especially in the developing country such as Indonesia. Current WHO recommendation of using a gold standard for establishing osteoporosis is by Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry (DEXA), but it is expensive and not yet widely available. There are some alternatives of biochemical markers that can reflect the bone turn over. One of them is Cterminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) or betacrosslabs, a marker of bone resorbtion. There are still limited studies on correlation of CTX and osteoporosis in peri menopausal and post menopausal women. The aim of this study is to know whether there are any differences of CTX level among peri menopausal and post menopausal women with different bone density. This research was a cross sectional study and aimed to know whether there is any correlation between CTX level and Bone Mineral Density Score measured with DEXA. The study was conducted in June-August 2010. The included subjects were women with age more than 45 years old, without apparent history of neoplasm, impaired renal function, bone metabolic diseases, and not currently pregnant. CTX level were measured using immunochemiluminescent. Their data were analysed using One Way ANOVA. This study showed that there are differences of CTX levels among women with osteoporosis, osteopenia, and normal (0.633±0.25 ng/mL vs 0.514±0.21 ng/mL vs 0.406±0.21 ng/mL p=0.02). Osteoporosis women have higher CTX level compared to Osteopenia and Normal women.
KEKURANGAN ZAT BESI DI PEREMPUAN HAMIL MENGGUNAKAN HEMOGLOBIN RETIKULOSIT (RET-HE)
Authors: Primiastanti Petriana , Sukartini Ninik
Published: October 2018

Iron deficiency is the most common nutrional deficiency in the world, mostly in developing and industrial countries. Population with highest risk of iron deficiency generally are reproductive-age women. In Indonesia, the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women is about 50.5%. Anemia due to iron deficiency in pregnancy can affect both mother as well as the foetus. In order to prevent permanent systemic complication, it is important to do early detection before iron deficiency anaemia developes. In the early phase of iron deficiency prior to anaemia, additional tests of ferritin, serum iron and saturation index are needed besides the complete blood count. A new parameter named reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent (RET-He) has been developed to detect the level of hemoglobin in an immature erythrocyte or reticulocyte. Reticulocytes will be present in the peripheral circulation for only 24âˆ’48 hours, so the RET-He will give more appropriate information about the condition of bone marrow iron. When the bone marrow iron is depleted, the RET-He will show a decrease. In several hematology analyzers, for example Advia 2120 and Sysmex XE 2100, this parameter can be tested together with CBC, so no additional blood sample is needed. The aim of this study is to know iron deficiency in healthy first and second trimester pregnant women by screening using RET-He and compare the result to other parameters that are now available, such as: hemoglobin, ferritin, transferrin saturation. Those parameters can develop RET-He cut-off with optimal sensitivity and specificity. The study comprised 100 healthy pregnant women from I and II trimester who did not develop anemia yet during their last pregnancy. The subjects were divided into three (3) groups based on ferritin and transferrin saturation: 67 women (67%) without iron deficiency, 17 women (17%) with iron deficiency stage I, and 16 women (16%) with iron deficiency stage II. Hemoglobin, RET-He, and transferrin saturation showed a mean±SD of 12.35±1.02 g/dL, 33.60±1.88 pg and 28.63±1.07%, respectively. Median ferritin (min-max) was 40.10 (6.24–191.30)ng/mL. By using receiver operating curve (ROC) in this study RET-He point was found at 33.65 pg as an optimal cut-off point to differentiate iron deficiency with sensitivity and specificity of 67% and 64.18% respectively. From cross tabs table of RET-He with ferritin as the gold standard and 33.65 pg as the cut-off point results were 47.8% positive predictive value (PPV), 79.6% negative predictive value (NPV), positive likelihood ratio (LR) 1.86 and negative likelihood ratio (LR) 0.52. In this study, significant differences between non iron deficiency and the iron deficiency stage II groups and between iron deficiency stage I and iron deficiency stage II groups were found. There was no difference between the non iron deficiency and iron deficiency stage I groups.
LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE (LDH) SELAMA PENYIMPANAN
Authors: Triyono Teguh , Intansari Umi Solekhah , Bimoseno Caesar Haryo
Published: October 2018

During storage, erythrocytes suffered from biomechanical alterations called the "storage lesion”, which may caused hemolysis. The hemolysis released LDH into the plasma. The LDH that was released during hemolysis made it an adequate instrument to assess the quality of in vitro blood products. The aims of this study were to analyse the alteration of LDH level at day 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 in the WB and PRC, to analyse the correlation between LDH level with storage duration, and also to analyse enhancement differences of LDH level between WB and PRC.This research was an observational study with a cross-sectional design. As the samples there were 11 bags of WB and 10 bags of PRC. Blood products were kept in bloodbank with the temperature range of 2–6° C. The LDH level was measured with the Beckman Chemistry Analyzer. There were statistically significant alterations of LDH level started from day 7 of storage in both blood products (p<0.05). The significant strong correlation between LDH level with the storage duration were found r=0.772; r=0.835 (p<0.05) in WB and PRC respectively. The enhancement differences were found to be higher and significant in the PRC than in the WB started from day 7 of storage (p<0.05). As conclusion, LDH in WB and PRC were signifantly increased during storage, and correlate with storage duration.
AKTIVITAS CKMB DAN MASA CKMB TERKAIT KARDIAK TROPONIN-I DALAM GEJALA KORONER AKUT
Authors: Ardyanto Tonang Dwi , Tahono Tahono
Published: October 2018

Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death recently, including in Indonesia which is raised to 25%. Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is its common clinical manifestation. Therefore, the necessity for a sensitive as well as specific diagnostic biomarker for ACS should be addressed in discriminating the ACS patient and its related risks. The diagnostic sensitivity of characteristic electrocardiography pattern in ACS cases were reported to be variatively between 55–75%. In laboratory diagnostic, ACS markers among others are CKMB activity, CKMB mass as well as Cardiac Troponin-T and Troponin-I (cTnT and cTnI). Currently, cTnI is the gold standard. The present study is to know the analysing of the CKMB activity as well as the mass diagnostic performance in the detectionof ACS in the patient presenting with chest-pain at RSDM, by using cTnI as the standard of reference. As many 30 samples, 18âˆ’65 years old, were selected trough incidental sampling method from the subjects presenting with chest-pain no longer than 6 hrs before admission. The blood samples were drawn at admission and 6 hrs afterward. The CKMB activity (immunoinhibition assay), CKMB mass (ELFA) and cTnI (ELFA) measurement were performed on each sample. The analysis showed that cTnI cut-off on 0.1 Î¼g/L (ESC/ACC 2000) was most optimal in the laboratory diagnostic of ACS compared to that of 0.01 Î¼g/L (ESC/ACC 2007 update) and 1.0 Î¼g/L (WHO). Using the cTnI cut-off on 0.1 Î¼g/L, on admission (0 hr) the diagnostic efficiency of CKMB mass was 56.7% while that of CKMB activity was 60.0%. While on the serial measurement (6 hrs), the diagnostic efficiency of CKMB mass was 76.6% while that of CKMB activity was 56.7%. The results showed that by serial measurements, CKMB mass is superior than CKMB activity in the diagnosis of ACS in patient presenting with chest-pain. Further researches are necessary to elaborate the comparison elucidatively. The results of the study considered that in designing the protocol for laboratory examination should carried out in patient presenting with chest pain.
ANGKA BANDING APO B/APO A-I PADA GEJALA KORONER AKUT
Authors: Linawaty Sienny , Suparyatmo JB. , Tahono Tahono
Published: October 2018

Coronary Artery Disease has a high prevalence and is frequently occurred and associated with the high mortality and morbidity. Dyslipidemia is one of the risk factors of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). ApoB contained in very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL), LDL and small dense LDL (sd-LDL), with one molecule of apoB in each particle. Apo A-I is the major apolipoprotein in HDL particles. The ratio of apoB/apoA-I is a balance between apoB-containing particles and potentially atherogenic apoA-I that is antiaterogenik. This study is carried to know the determination whether there are differences between apoB/ apoA-I ratio in patients dyslipidemia with ACS and non ACS. The research used a cross-sectional study design with patients dyslipidemia subjects suffering Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) and non ACS who enter to the Laboratory of Pathology Clinic at Dr. Moewardi Hospital between July and November 2011. To determine the pattern of data distribution, the researchers used Kolmogorov Smirnov test. For the analysis of differences in mean apoB/apoA-I ratio in the two population groups is used the T test, using a computer program, with the significance level p<0.05, 95% confidence interval. From 74 samples examined the mean age is 56.42 year old. This patients consisted of 33 males (44.6%) and 41 women (55.4%). All subjects are grouped into two groups, dyslipidemia ACS and non dyslipidemia ACS. The results showed apoB/apoA-I ratio significantly different in patients with dyslipidemia with ACS and non ACS. The mean apoB/apoA-I ratio of women and men subjects in both groups, including groups at high risk of myocardial myokard and higher than the cut-off ratio of apoB/ apoA-I (men 0.9 and women 0.8). It can be concluded that the apoB/apoA-I ratio of women and men subjects in both groups, included the high risk category for infarct myokard although lipid abnormalities are still not demonstrated to the risk of infarct myokard.
ASAM HIDROKSIINDOLASETIK 5 (5-HIAA) AIR KEMIH DI KANKER KOLOREKTAL
Authors: Arif Mansyur , Tallulembang Yosep F. , Bahar Burhanuddin , Samad Ibrahim Abd. , Labeda Ibrahim
Published: October 2018

Colorectal cancer, in fact is one of the three most malignant tumour types found in the world. Early detection is recommended to find out the problem and will affect better life expectancy. Various study have been conducted looking for a test that can be easily, non invasive, inexpensive, no special equipment and skills required such as by detecting 5-hidroxyindolacetic acid that can be found in the urine. The aim of this study was to analyze 5-HIAA in the urine of colorectal cancer patients. The study was conducted at the Clinic and Surgical Ward, and Clinical Pathology Laboratory, at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital in Makassar during the period May–August 2011. The study was conducted on 42 patients and 45 controls ranging from 35âˆ’74 years old and 20âˆ’52 years old, respectively. The diagnosis is based on the histopathological and most were in stage III of adenocarcinoma profile. Rated of 5-HIAA colorectal cancer the highest is in the value of 4–6 and all normal control had value of 1–3. There is a significant association between 5-HIAA and colorectal cancer, that shown the highest stadium of colorectal cancer, and the highest value of urine 5-HIAA. The ideal cut-off point for screening is two (2) with its sensitivity and specificity values are 100% and 88. 9%, respectively. 5-HIAA urine test can be used as a tumor marker for colorectal cancer in conjunction with other supporting tests. Further study is needed to determine the cut-off point with a various clinical stage.
CARCInoeMBRYonIC AnTIGen (CEA) DI KANKER KOLOREKTAL
Authors: Raehaan Nur Rahmi , Nurulita Asvin , Arif Mansyur
Published: October 2018

Colorectal cancer is a common gastrointestinal malignancy of the colon and rectum. According to the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) in 2006, preoperative CEA level is useful in dtermining the tumour stage, plan of action and monitoring therapeutic response during the active treatment. Several factors which influence CEA level in patients with colorectal cancer is the staging and the degree of tumour, liver function, and as well as its location. This retrospective study is aimed to know the preoperative CEA levels in 51 patients with colorectal cancer and to compare the levels of CEA based on tumour stage, degree of tumour based on histopathology and tumour location.. This study was carried out at the Dr.Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital (RSWS), Makassar during January 2009âˆ’December of 2011. The researchers found a significant difference between the levels of CEA with the tumour stage (p=0.000) and its relation with the degree of the tumour (p=0.002), however, based on the tumour location (p=0.585) there was no significant difference between the levels of CEA. In conclusion, it was found that the higher the tumour stage, the higher the levels of the produced CEA. A well differentiated tumour of colorectal cancer produced a higher level of CEA compared to the moderate or poor-differentiated tumours.
HoSPITAL ACQuIReD PneuMonIA onSeT DAN BAKTEREMIA
Authors: Roes Bellya Affan , Kartika Dewi , Andriyoko Basti
Published: October 2018

Hospital acquired pneumonia (HAP) is significantly impact the patient morbidity and mortality that cause etiologic identification becomes a microbiological emergency in HAP. The etiologic identification based on the onset of pneumonia is important to determine the specific pathogens, that impact patient prognosis and prevent bacteremia. The aim of the study is to know the bacterial profile and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of early onset HAP by determination, late onset HAP and HAP with bacteriaemia in the intensive care setting. The design of this study was retrospective descriptive. The data was collected from the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pathology and the medical record from Dr. Hasan Sadikin hospital Bandung, from April 2013–March 2013. From the 61 episodes of HAP, 18 were early onset HAP and 43 were late onset HAP, including five (5) related to (8.2%) HAP with bacteriaemia. Klebsiella pneumoniae is the most common etiology of the early onset HAP (22.2%), with the highest susceptibility (75%) to amikacin, meropenem, and tigecyclin. Acinetobacter baumannii is the most common etiology of the late onset HAP (27.9%), with the highest susceptibility (75%) to amikacin and cotrymoxazole. The most common etiology of HAP with bacteriaemia is Klebsiella pneumoniae confirmed ESBL (40%) with the highest susceptibility to amikacin and meropenem (100%). Based on this study, it can be concluded that the most common bacterial profile of the early onset HAP is K. pneumoniae, while for the late onset HAP is A. baumannii, and HAP with bacteriaemia is K. pneumoniae confirmed ESBL. All of them have the highest susceptibility to amikacin.
KADAR ASAM URAT SERUM DAN KOMPONEN SINDROM METABOLIK
Authors: P MI Diah , Rachmawati Banundari , AP Purwanto
Published: October 2018

The incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is significantly increasing. The elevated serum uric acid (SUA) level is correlated with the metabolic risk of cardiovascular. The relationship between SUA levels and components of MetS has been inconsistent. The aim of this study was to know the correlation between SUA level and component of MetS by analyzng. This study was a cross-sectional design conducted on healthy people at the Medical Check Up (MCU) Clinic, Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta from June 2012 until February 2013. MetS was defined according to the 2005 International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. The statistical analysis was done by Student's T test, Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficients. The researchers considered p<0.05 as statistically significant with a 95% confidence interval. A total of 80 healthy subjects, (range 19–57 years) were enrolled into this study. MetS was diagnosed in 40 persons where men (62.5%) were more than women and the non-MetS in women (62.5%) were more than men. In this study, a positive correlation was found between SUA and systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and waist circumference (Pearson r=0.354, 0.495, 0.399, respectively, p<0.05) in women, but not in men. The SUA was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and waist circumference, particularly in women. A long term study is needed to investigate the consequence of increasing the SUA level in metabolic disorders and hormonal influences as well.