bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Arts-Based Multiliteracies Approach to Elicit Meaning-Making in Language Teacher Identity Work
Authors: Masson Mimi , Cote Simone Ellene
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we reflect on our use of arts-based multiliteracies with French as a second language (FSL) teacher candidates in an initial Teacher Education (ITE) program as a means to express themselves as plurilingual language educators and reflect on their intended practice. We begin by describing the FSL teacher identity research context and theorizing the connection between meaning-making processes, arts-based multiliteracies and teacher identity development. Next, using samples of data collected in the context of a broader study on FSL teacher identity formation, we provide examples of the affordances of using arts-based approaches in ITE: accessing different types of knowledge, accessing different discourses that teachers engage with in the profession, identifying tensions and contradictions in teachers' beliefs systems, and de/re-constructing teachers' belief systems. Ultimately, an arts-based multiliteracies approach allowed us to engage with the multiplicity of discourses in teacher identity construction and promote agency, resiliency and well-being for future FSL teachers.
Presenteeism Management for Sustainable Business
Authors: Shebaya Mariam
Published: October 2024

Presenteeism is linked to decreased productivity, increased and avoidable costs, and is a health issue that warrants attention. This study explored mental health presenteeism in developing countries, focusing on the Lebanese context. Interviews with organizational leaders were conducted, exploring awareness, prevalence of presenteeism cultures in the workplace, perceptions of presenteeism, and organizational support provided. Little awareness of presenteeism was found, though when explained, managers were able to identify different cases. Managerial and personal perceptions and attitudes varied among interviewees, and support mechanisms were discussed where present in the sampled organizations. Finally, the importance of managing presenteeism by implementing different interventions and strategies is highlighted, and the chapter concludes with strategies to help organizations and human resource managers foster a climate of well-being and support, creating sustainable workforces and workplaces.
A Real-Time Criminal Face Recognition Using an Automated Surveillance Camera and Quantum Networking
Authors: Raghav D. , K. Prasanna Venkatesh , Aishwarya D.
Published: October 2024

Finding and identifying a criminal is a laborious and time-consuming task. These days, criminals are becoming more cunning and leave no fingerprints or biological evidence at the crime scene. Using cutting-edge face recognition technology is a simple and quick fix. The majority of buildings and traffic signals now have CCTV cameras installed for surveillance reasons thanks to advancements in security technology. The camera's recorded video can be utilized to identify offenders, suspects, fugitives, missing people, etc. This research investigates the use of deep neural networks and machine learning to create a criminal identification system. An elegant way to make law enforcement easier is to adopt the following technique.
Integrating Quantum Networking With Explainable AI and Ensemble Learning Approaches for Enhanced Sign Language Recognition
Authors: Ramkarthik D. , Benita A.
Published: October 2024

Sign language stands as a profound testament to the fusion of computer vision and human expression, embodying a rich tapestry of hand movements and facial gestures. It serves as a lifeline for individuals with hearing impairments, offering them a means to communicate naturally. Within its intricate framework lie diverse signs, each characterized by unique hand configurations, motions, and accompanying facial cues. This not only enhances accessibility but also showcases the seamless integration of cutting-edge technology with the intricate nuances of sign language. In essence, this endeavor epitomizes the symbiotic relationship between technology and inclusivity, bridging the gap between the hearing and hearing-impaired communities. As research in this field advances, the potential for even greater strides in sign language recognition looms on the horizon, promising a future where communication knows no bounds.
Sports Action Analytics Using Artificial Intelligence and Quantum Networks
Authors: Rushidharan B. , Dhanalakshmi K. , Karthikeyan S.
Published: October 2024

This study presents a novel approach to sports shot classification utilizing deep learning techniques including convolutional neural networks (CNNs), recurrent neural networks (RNNs), and elements of artificial intelligence (AI), alongside foundational techniques from quantum networks. By analyzing video footage from diverse sports such as soccer, basketball, hockey, and volleyball, the developed models achieve real-time classification of shots such as goals, assists, blocks, and rebounds. By utilizing CNNs and similar architectures, the system extracts complex patterns and features from sports imagery, providing insights into player performance and strategic dynamics. This initiative has significant potential to transform sports analytics and broadcasting, offering instant shot identification for an enhanced viewing experience and assisting coaches and analysts in understanding sports gameplay intricacies.
Quantum-Enhanced Automatic Gas Booking System
Authors: Vijayalakshmi Dhinakaran , Vadakattu Karthik , Sunith Desu , Gopisetty Karthikeya
Published: October 2024

The automatic gas booking system presented in this chapter offers a technologically advanced solution to streamline the process of booking domestic gas cylinders. Traditional methods of gas booking often involve manual intervention, leading to delays, inefficiencies, and customer dissatisfaction. Looking ahead, the automatic gas booking system could become even more secure by using quantum networking. The implementation of the automatic gas booking system not only improves the customer experience by eliminating the hassle of manual booking but also enhances the operational efficiency of gas providers. By automating the booking process and optimizing delivery logistics, the automatic gas booking system contributes to resource optimization, cost savings, and environmental sustainability. Overall, the automatic gas booking system represents a significant advancement in the management of domestic gas supply, offering a seamless and efficient solution for both consumers and providers in the gas industry.
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Business Applications
Authors: Mishra Namita , Kumar A. V. Senthil , Jenefa Leena , Kumar Harsh , Neelima S. , Jyoti
Published: October 2024

The use of artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques is going in fast level of growth. As in this competitive business environment, business houses are bounded by providing prompt services so the use of upgraded technologies are necessary from time to time, the use technologies are also increasing to provide the more sophisticated facilities to the users. This research paper aims to find out the current state and future growth possibilities of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in various aspects of business operations. Specifically, on decision-making processes, customer service. The study utilizes a comprehensive review of relevant literatureto provide insights into the aspect, challenges, and potential risks associated with the integration of AI in business operations.
Robotics and Automation in Hospitality Services
Authors: Banu Sufia , Samantaray Rashmi Rani , Ayesha Noor , Fathima Anees , Tabassum Zahira
Published: October 2024

The hotel sector is always developing and adjusting to the demands of its clients. Hotel robots have brought about a new mode of communication. When hoteliers are having trouble finding workers, Robots are used in the hospitality sector to do a variety of jobs, such as help at the front desk, clean, bring goods to guest rooms, give information, and automate repetitive operations to increase productivity and visitor happiness. In restaurants and bars, robots are already able to take orders through voice recognition or touchscreens, serve food and beverages, and even clear tables. Hotel room service can be operated by robots. These robots can be programmed to knock on doors, navigate elevators and halls, and perform jobs like bringing food and drinks. This not only increases output but also makes a good impression on clients.This book chapter presents four exploratory studies on the potential use of robots for customer feedback collection in the hotel industry.
The place of water in the Ndau religion of Zimbabwe
Authors: Dube Elijah E.N.
Published: October 2024

There is a gap in studies focussing on Ndau traditional religion and water. Most research addresses nature conservation rather than examining how water is perceived by the Ndau people. This study aims to explore the relationship between the Ndau and water, filling the gap in understanding the significance of water in the Ndau traditional religion of Zimbabwe. The study was based on a literature review focussing on published works, available as open access on the Internet regarding the Ndau people and their relationship with nature. It was presented from an emic perspective by the author, who was born and bred among the Ndau people of Zimbabwe. The author was conscious of the need not to impose his own views. Triangulation of information from other sources was utilised to ensure the integrity of the data presented in this article. The main findings indicate that the Ndau people of Zimbabwe have a complex relationship with water, which they regard as sacred. They believe that water is protected by spirits. Taboos assist the Ndau in safeguarding water resources for both present and future generations. The study concluded that Ndau traditional leadership, along with the broader Ndau community, should take further action to preserve wetlands and water resources. The sacredness of water among the Ndau must be upheld to ensure the sustainability of these vital resources.Contribution: The article contributes to the discourse on water and spiritualities, focussing on the Ndau people of Zimbabwe. The place of water among the Ndau had not been explored before. The article contributes to the Journal’s focus on sustainable development goals, specifically number 6: Clean water and sanitation.
Clutch Torque Optimization for Heavy-Duty Vehicles Starting Based on
Intelligent Identification of Driver’s Starting Intention, Vehicle Mass, and
Road Grade
Authors: Geng Xiaohu , Liu Weidong , Lei Yulong , Fu Yao , Xue Maohan
Published: October 2024

For heavy-duty vehicles equipped with automated mechanical transmission (AMT),
the control of automatic clutch torque is crucial during the start-up process.
However, the difficulty of controlling clutch torque is exacerbated by
differences in driver’s starting intentions, changes in vehicle mass, and road
gradient. Therefore, this article proposes the clutch starting torque
optimization strategy based on intelligent recognition of driver’s starting
intention, vehicle mass, and road gradient. First, an intelligent recognition
strategy is proposed based on the combination of data-driven and onboard
transmission control unit (TCU) algorithms, which improves the accuracy of
recognizing the driver’s intention to start as well as the vehicle mass and road
gradient. Based on the vehicle’s historical state data information, the
predictive model is trained offline using a long–short-term memory (LSTM)
network to obtain predicted parameter identification results, which are then
used to calibrate the computed values of the onboard TCU algorithm. Second, the
clutch torque optimization strategy is designed based on the driver’s starting
intention, while considering the effects of road gradient and vehicle mass on
the clutch starting resistance torque. The weight coefficients of the objective
performance function are adjusted according to the driver’s starting intention,
and the Pontryagin’s minimum principle (PMP) is used to solve the clutch target
torque. Finally, offline data training and real-vehicle testing are performed.
The results show that the optimization strategy can effectively reduce the
friction work and the degree of impact during the starting process, minimize the
clutch slipping time, and improve the smoothness of vehicle starting and driving
comfort.
Letter from the Focus Issue Editors
Authors: Lakhlani Hardik , Kumar Vivek , Wenbin Yu , Bagga Kalyan , Gundlapally Santhosh , Di Blasio Gabriele , Splitter Derek , Rajendran Silambarasan
Published: October 2024

Letter from the Focus Issue Editors
Optimizing Cutting Parameters for Effective Turning of EN-31 Steel by
Utilizing Vegetable-Based Cutting Fluids as a Coolant
Authors: Premkumar R. , Ramesh Babu R. , Saiyathibrahim A. , Murali Krishnan R. , Vivek R. , Jatti Vijaykumar S. , Rane Vivek S. , Balaji K.
Published: October 2024

The primary objective of this article is to study the improvement of machining
efficiency of EN-31 steel by optimizing turning parameters using newly developed
cutting fluids with different proportions of aloe vera gel and coconut oil,
utilizing the Taguchi technique. Furthermore, performance metrics including
material removal rate (MRR), surface roughness, and tool wear rate (TWR) were
assessed. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) suggested that as cutting speed and feed
increase, the MRR is positively influenced, but likewise tool wear is
intensified. The surface roughness exhibited a positive correlation with cutting
speed, and a negative correlation with increasing both cutting speed and feed.
It was found that the maximum MRR value was attained at a cutting speed of 275
m/min, a feed rate of 1.00 mm/rev, and a cutting fluid composition of 30% aloe
vera and 70% coconut oil. For the best surface smoothness, it is advisable to
adjust the cutting speed to 350 m/min and the feed rate to 0.075 mm/rev. A
cutting speed of 275 m/min and a feed rate of 1.00 mm/rev led to a lower TWR.
The results suggest that the combined use of coconut oil and aloe vera as
cutting fluids improves the turning quality of EN-31 steel, particularly when
employing a combination of 30% aloe vera and 70% coconut oil. As a possible
solution for performance problems in achieving desired results during the
turning of EN-31 steels, these recommendations may be used in industries to
enhance turning performance.
Integrated Motion Control Strategy Considering Parameter Robustness
for Distributed Vehicle by Wire
Authors: Chen Guoying , Bi Chenxiao , Zhao Xuanming , Yang Liunan , Tang Zhuo , Yu Huili
Published: October 2024

To address the issues of functional conflicts in execution subsystems and the
deterioration of control performance due to model parameter uncertainties in the
motion control of distributed vehicle by wire, this article proposes an
integrated control strategy considering parameter robustness. This strategy aims
to compensate for model mismatch, resolve functional conflicts, and achieve
motion coordination. Based on the over-actuation characteristics of distributed
vehicle by wire, this article constructs the dynamic model and utilizes the tire
cornering properties along with phase portraits to delineate the working regions
of the execution subsystems. To deal with model parameter uncertainties and
mismatch, tube-based model predictive control (tube-based MPC) is applied to the
control strategy design, which compensates for model deviations through state
feedback and constructs a robust positively invariant set (RPI) to constrain the
system state. Correspondingly, the weights of control inputs are adjusted
adaptively, according to the working regions, to optimize the coordination logic
of integrated control. In order to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of
the strategy, extreme driving condition tests are executed on
hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) and real vehicle test platforms. The test results
indicate that the strategy proposed in this article is able to reduce the
sideslip angle and tracking error of yaw rate, improve driving stability under
extreme conditions through integrated control, and especially, it can still
maintain precise stability control performance under severe model mismatch,
exhibiting strong robustness facing parameter uncertainties.
Experimental Study on Quality Control and Variable Valve Timing
Strategy of Hydrogen Engine for High Efficiency and Low Emission at Low
Load
Authors: Li Yong , Chen Hong , Fu Zhen , Du Jiakun , Wu Weilong
Published: October 2024

In order to reduce the pumping loss of low loads and maximize the lean combustion
advantage of hydrogen, the paper proposes a load control strategy based on
hydrogen mass, called quality control, for improving thermal efficiency and
emissions at low loads. The advantages of quality control and the effect of VVT
on the combustion performance of hydrogen internal combustion engines under low
loads were discussed. The results show that when the relative air–fuel ratio (λ)
increases to more than 2.5, the NOx emissions are reduced to less than 3.5
g/kW · h at the brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) below 8 bar, especially
when the BMEP is less than 5 bar, the NOx is within 0.2 g/kW · h. Compared to
quantity control based on air mass, the quality control strategy based on
hydrogen mass achieves over a 2.0% reduction in pumping loss at BMEP levels
lower than 4.4 bar. Furthermore, it enhances thermal efficiency by up to 5% at
low loads, while maintaining NOx emissions within 0.2 g/kW · h at BMEP below 5.6
bar. BTE gradually increases with the delay of exhaust valve closing (EVC),
decreases first and then increases with the delay of intake valve opening (IVO),
and reaches a maximum in early IVO and late EVC areas. In throttle-free hydrogen
engines with quality control, VVT technology can be fully utilized to assist
stability control in low loads.
Powertrain NVH Optimization of Single Cylinder CI Engine
Authors: Kunde Sagar , Thakur Sunil , Wagh Sachin , Bhangare Amit , Prabhakar Shantanu
Published: October 2024

With increasing pursuit for comfort in mobility NVH characteristics are becoming more important than ever. Achieving a benchmark beating NVH behavior involves optimizing source, transfer paths as well as target location mechanical characteristics. In ICE vehicles, powertrain accounts for major source of noise and vibration. This work encompasses NVH refinement strategies for a single cylinder compression ignition engine. The work starts with setting target values for NVH characteristics based on competitive benchmark data analysis. A complete development strategy involving extensive testing and CAE correlation is presented here. Contribution analysis in component level for optimization of NVH behavior is carried out employing NVH testing in anechoic chamber supported by CAE simulations.

This paper describes the later phases of the entire development process which are decisive for engine NVH; the combustion and mechanical development phase and the NVH development and refinement phase. In order optimize engine acoustical performance, experimental identification and localization of noise sources were performed at different speed and load. Correlation of noise to structural vibrations and resonances were established and design matured using simulation and proved with experimental validation to achieve the set targets. Deep down analysis of various powertrain components was done to reduce source noise and vibrations. CAE models were created for design optimizations which were validated using test results. Force analysis was performed, and balancer shaft was designed to reduced inertial forces causing vibration as net unbalanced forces are always a concern in single cylinder engines. Finally complete validation of the powertrain accommodating all the optimizations is done in semi anechoic testbench as well as in vehicle.
Occupant Positioning Study during Pre-Crash and Integrated Safety Restraint System
Authors: Shankara Murthy Santosh , Srinivasa Praveen , CK Umesh , Patil Shubham , Jois Rahul
Published: October 2024

The primary purpose of the active safety feature is to reduce the danger of a collision between the car and an obstruction. To improve occupant safety, active safety systems must be included on all new vehicles; nonetheless, not all incidents are preventable. The frequency of incidents on the road has recently increased in tandem with the number of cars, making it critical to investigate the crashworthiness of a vehicle because human life is at the top of the priority list. This study examines an occupant's responses prior to a crash event, as well as studies into how occupant posture influences injury data.

Most of the existing research focuses on the pre-crash event or the occupant's optimal seated position. However, it is critical to understand an occupant's reflex or behavior during the pre-crash event, when the occupant is typically not in an appropriate seating posture due to the panic reflex. As a result, an occupant's reflex in a panic situation will change their seating posture, affecting their injury parameters. The study will be based on the finite element crash simulation methodology for accident situations in compliance with the FMVSS rules. A comparison of injury parameters between a typically positioned occupant and an out-of-position occupant is presented. As a part of future work, we can consider restraint system method for reducing injuries to an occupant in a crash. A parametric study of the restraint system can be performed to identify strategies to reduce occupant injuries. One such example is the crisscross seatbelt. Existing restraint system solutions can be fine-tuned based on occupant injury levels in various seating positions.
Aluminum Alloy, Discontinuously Reinforced Extruded Bar, Rod, Wire and Shapes, 2124A/SiC/25p (3 µm) - T1P
Authors:   AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Published: October 2024

This specification covers a discontinuously reinforced aluminum alloy (DRA) made by mechanical alloying 2124A aluminum powder and silicon carbide (SiC) particulate. It is produced in the form of extruded bar, rod, wire, and shapes with cross section inclusive of 1-inch (25.4-mm) diameter or less (see 8.7).
Airfield Liquid Anti-Icing/Deicing Chemical Applicator to Include Carrier Vehicle
Authors:   G-15 Airport Snow and Ice Control Equipment Committee
Published: October 2024

This equipment specification covers requirements for airfield liquid anti-icing/deicing equipment for airfield snow removal purposes. The unit shall include a combination of a carrier vehicle, liquid product tank, and dispensing system.

This vehicle as a unit shall be an integrated chemical dispensing deicing/anti-icing application system. Primary application is for the liquid chemical application for cleaning of ice and snow from airfield operational areas such as runways, taxiways, and ramp aprons.

The term “carrier vehicle” represents the various self-propelled prime movers that provide the motive power necessary to move snow and ice control equipment during winter operations.

The airport operator may require this specified piece of equipment in order to maintain the airfield during large and small snow events. When necessary, the airfield liquid anti-icing/deicing chemical applicator (ALAD) shall be a central and critical element in the winter pavement maintenance fleet in the effort to accomplish the airport’s published snow plan.

This ARP defines the minimum functionality for a vehicle to be classified as an ALAD specifically as an integrated snow and ice removal system capable of performing multiple and simultaneous functions requiring no more than one operator. ALADs may be utilized to perform additional pavement maintenance tasks such as deicing or anti-icing, rubber removal, or others. If additional features are required, they must be defined by the airport operator as part of their ALAD specification. The airport operator may add to or delete from any item of this specification to meet its requirements providing there is no compromise in safety.
The Age of Deep Mediatisation and Slovenian Literature
Authors: Kozin Tina
Published: October 2024

The evaluation of a literary work is a continuous, multifaceted process, which takes place through a wide range of diverse individual actions and social and institutional activities. The complexity of this process has deepened with the transition to the information society, and many forms of evaluation have been transferred from the material to the digital realm. In this paper, I am particularly interested in some of those aspects of valuation which, due to the mediatisation of the literary field, as well as the dictates of market logic, can characterise highly institutionalised forms of evaluation or legitimation practices in the literary field, and which we can also observe in the field of Slovenian literature. Thus, alongside the author’s primary evaluation, it is necessary today to take into account the author’s secondary evaluation of his or her own work, and, more generally, to recognise the mechanisms of mediatisation (e.g. eventisation, personalisation, scandalisation) and the consequences that the mediatisation of society has on the literary field: the imposition of the evaluative criterion of media efficiency instead of quality (and consequently the pursuit of visibility, success rather than quality), the media evaluation of works and/or the focus of media attention on authors, the hyperproduction of events, the elimination of the space and means for in-depth reflection on literary production in the mass media and the relocation of this reflection to specialised online media with a narrower readership, the tabloid coverage of literary events. As a direct consequence of the profound mediatisation of society, the formerly unified reading public is being segmented and differentiated, and more or less close (digital) reading communities are being formed; because the media connect very different social fields, the reception of literary works is becoming more heterogeneous, which multiplies and at the same time disperses the factors influencing the evaluation of literary works.
Explorando la evocadora presencia del recuerdo
Authors: Troisi Salvatore Cristian
Published: October 2024

Fernando Quiñones, a prolific writer from Cádiz, skillfully integrates mnemonic elements into various literary genres such as poetry, narrative, journalism, essays, and drama. His works reflect historical events, personal experiences, and a profound love for the popular culture of Andalusia and Cádiz, enriched by a rich oral tradition. In his “Crónicas,” Quiñones explores memory and otherness, revealing his personal experiences and establishing connections with the experiences of others. His notable works include Las crónicas de océano y tierra and Las crónicas de Al-Andalus, anthologized in the Libro de las Crónicas (1998). Quiñones uses memory as a narrative resource, blending personal recollections with fictional elements. In Las mil noches de Hortensia Romero (1979), he presents a comprehensive depiction of postwar society and the Franco era through his protagonist, an Andalusian prostitute, employing genuine and colloquial language. El coro a dos voces (1997) stands out due to its elaborate structure, framing sixteen short stories between two authorial texts that emphasize the dual techniques used in the work. In La visita (1998), featuring Marcel Proust and Leopoldo Alas Clarín, Quiñones explores the themes of memory, fiction, and historical reality, demonstrating his skill in creating portraits belonging to a different time and place.This article examines the narratives of Fernando Quiñones, highlighting the interplay between memory and orality that enables him to create mythical and timeless stories. These narratives reflect the Andalusian identity and mediate between the intimate and the collective, integrating historical and cultural elements with colloquial language that enhances the vitality of memory and the oral tradition in his work.
Drago Jančar’s To noč sem jo videl and Ob nastanku sveta and the Notion of Memory Literature
Authors: Leskovec Andrea
Published: October 2024

An important theme in Slovenian literature after 2010 is confrontation with the Second World War and the post-war socio-political discourses. This kind of literature could be called memory literature, where the focus is less on the subjective perspective of memory and more on the function of this literature, which is, among other things, to reflect the discourses of memory. This function can be subversive or stabilising, meaning that this kind of literature influences and helps shape socio-political and historical discourses. This is also the case with the novels To noč sem jo videl and Ob nastanku sveta, which deal with the Second World War and the post-war period, thematising not only the war as such, but also the related socio-political discourse of the post-war period and the present, which is characterised by ideological polarisation. Not even the discourse of literary science is exempt from this polarization, where – as in the literary works themselves – conflicting cultural memories confront each other. There are at least two reasons for this. On the one hand, there is the politico-ideologically motivated question of power. The second reason is that at first sight, the novels reproduce and reinforce established social narratives, which links them to social reality and makes them relatively easy to instrumentalise. However, the analysis shows that the novels attempt to break down standardised and homogenising concepts of the past.
Determinants of Household Access to Drinking Water in Nigeria
Authors: Okeniyi Oluwafemi Olubukola , Ajayi Dickson Dare
Published: October 2024

Equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water has been identified as a fundamental human right. Few studies have also considered household access to drinking water regarding both sources of water and the time taken to get access to water. Thus, this paper computes access to drinking water based on the household’s water sources and the time taken to get the water sources. The determinants of household access to drinking water in Nigeria were examined using 2018 Demographic and Health Surveys data. As high as 68.9% of the respondents did not have water sources within their premises, and the majority were from the Northern part of Nigeria. Undeniably, 23.2% of the respondents had poor access to drinking water, and the majority were also from the Northern part of the country. This means regional disparity exists in household access to drinking water in Nigeria. The geopolitical zone, type of place of residence, type of toilet, access to electricity, ethnicity, household population, sex of household head, and wealth index significantly (p=0.01) explained household access to drinking water while religion, age of household head, and highest educational level proved otherwise. We therefore recommend a regional approach to tackle the problem of access to drinking water in Nigeria. There should also be the provision of boreholes, given that it appears to be a more feasible source of drinking water.
The origins of social and economic development in Zimbabwe — Lessons for social work education and training
Authors: Tendengu Tariro Portia
Published: October 2024

The article examines social and economic development in pre- and post-colonial Zimbabwe. Before present day Zimbabwe,the economic development of the Mutapa, Torwa, Rozvi and Ndebele States was based on cattle wealth and farming withsignificant gold mining as methods of fostering social economic development. They traded internally and externally. Theyexported gold, ivory, and copper for luxury goods and war goods. These precolonial states had their social structures boundby Ubuntu philosophy. The paper argues that social workers should be given the opportunity to appreciate the genesis ofsocio-economic development within social, economic and political structures. The article uses literature review methodologyto explore and analyse origins of socio-economic development in pre and post-colonial Zimbabwe. The literature includespeer reviewed journal articles and book chapters. The study recommends integration of more economic development in socialwork curricula and that policy makers should have an understanding of social work roles in socio-economic development.
How to cite this article using ASWDNet style
Tendengu P. T. (2024). The origins of social and economic development in post-colonial Zimbabwe. Towards integration into social work education and training. People centred –The Journal of Development Administration (JDA), 8(4), 11-16. https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jda.v9i1.2     
Visit journal website: https://jda.africasocialwork.net
Effect of intra-row spacing on the yield components and yield of soybean in Kafanchan, Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors: Sodangi I.A.
Published: October 2024

A field trial was carried out during the wet season of 2023 at the Research farm of the Faculty of Agriculture College of Agriculture and  Environmental Sciences, Kaduna State University, Kafanchan campus to study the effect of intra-row spacing on the yield components  and yield of soybean in Kafanchan, Kaduna State, Nigeria. The treatment consisted of ten (10) intra-row spacings (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70,  80, 90, and 100cm) laid out in a randomized complete block design and replicated three times. The inter-row spacing was 50cm. Each  plot consisted of three 400cm-long ridges, with an alley of 100cm between plots and 100cm between replications. The results indicated  that intra-row spacing significantly affected the height, number of branches per plant, number of leaves per plant, number of pods per  plant, 100-grain weight, and grain yield of soybean. The 10cm intra-row spacing had significantly higher grain yield than the other  treatments, except the 40cm intra-row spacing. The 10cm intra-row spacing was recommended for farmers in the study area as it has the  likely advantage of suppressing weeds and leaving more land available for cultivation.
Retrospective study of dog bite cases in Federal Medical Centre Jalingo, Taraba State, Nigeria
Authors: Obialigwe Tochukwu Fortunetus , Garba Liatu , Nyifi Ambi Silas , Uko Iranyang Bazon , Bilbonga Garleya , Ekechukwu Kingsley Chidinma , Tanimu Elizabeth
Published: October 2024

This retrospective study examined dog bite cases reported at the Federal Medical Centre in Jalingo, Taraba State, Nigeria from 2011 to 2021. Over the 11-year period, 553 dog bite cases were reported, constituting 0.81% of the total consultations at the hospital. The study found that the prevalence of dog bites was highest in individuals over 21 years of age (40.5%), followed by those aged 11-20 years (30.2%) and 0-10 years (29.3%). Males reported a significantly higher number of dog bites (63.7%) compared to females (36.3%). Most of the bite injuries occurred on the lower limbs (83.5%). Seasonally, the highest number of dog bite cases were reported in December, January, and November. This could be due to increased social activities and gatherings during the holiday period, which may lead to more encounters  with dogs. The findings highlight the need for targeted preventive measures and public awareness campaigns, particularly focused on  high-risk groups like children and young adults. Promoting responsible pet ownership and early medical intervention for dog bite victims  are also recommended to address this significant public health concern.
Everyday uses of mathematics and the roles of a mathematics teacher
Authors: Agbata B.C. , Obeng-Denteh W. , Kwabi P.A. , Abraham S. , Okpako S.O. , Arivi S.S. , Asante-Mensa F. , Adu Gyamfi W.K
Published: October 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive investigation into the role of mathematics in everyday life and the pivotal function of mathematics  teachers in fostering mathematical understanding and competence. Mathematics plays a crucial role in everyday life, enhancing decision- making, financial management, problemsolving, and critical thinking. The ubiquitous presence of mathematics in activities such as  budgeting, cooking, shopping, and planning underscores its importance. Mathematics is essential for good governance, as it underpins  data-driven decision-making, policy formulation, economic planning, and resource allocation. Recommendations for promoting  mathematical proficiency include integrating real-world applications into the curriculum, offering professional development for teachers,  and encouraging collaborative learning. Such measures can enhance mathematical literacy, contributing to personal development,  societal progress, and effective governance. Mathematics, with its rich historical roots stretching back to ancient civilizations, has evolved  into a broad discipline encompassing various branches such as arithmetic, algebra, geometry, and calculus. Each branch plays a crucial  role in practical applications ranging from personal finance and cooking to navigation and health monitoring. Effective mathematics education, however, hinges on the proficiency and dedication of mathematics teachers who not only impart theoretical knowledge but  also cultivate critical thinking and problem-solving skills in their students. To optimize performance in high-stakes assessments like the  West African Examination Council (WAEC) Mathematics examination, it is essential to employ diverse instructional strategies, integrate  technology, and provide continuous practice and assessment. It is recommended that governments should support teachers through  robust remuneration, timely salary payments, and ongoing professional development to sustain motivation and high-quality instruction.  Furthermore, the establishment of mathematics laboratories in schools is recommended to enhance practical learning experiences and deepen students' understanding of mathematical concepts. In the realm of governance, mathematics is indispensable for data analysis,  policy formulation, and strategic planning. By addressing these areas comprehensively, we can create an educational environment that  not only demystifies mathematics and reduces associated phobias but also prepares students to excel academically and apply  mathematical principles effectively in their daily lives and future careers.
Swarm intelligent optimization algorithms for precision gene selection in microarray-based cancer classification
Authors: Shallangwa Inuwa Yakubu , Ahmad Aminu Ali , Isuwa Jeremiah , Yahaya Emmanuel Bulus
Published: October 2024

Cancer Disease remains a global health concern, demanding exploration into its causal factors for early detection and treatment. However, cancer data often presents a high-dimensional challenge for analysis. Selecting only relevant cancer genes can significantly  enhance this analysis process. Traditional gene selection techniques such as heuristic methods have been employed over the years but  proved infeasible. Thus, Swarm Intelligence algorithms known for their global search capabilities were developed. Nonetheless, the  performance of these Swarm Intelligence algorithms is often influenced by their methods of initialization, affecting convergence, solution  quality, and overall robustness. Chaos-based initialization methods have shown promise, yet their effectiveness remains  underexplored in initializing SI algorithms. This research conducted a comprehensive performance comparison of three Swarm  Intelligence algorithms: Particle Swarm Optimization, Salp Swarm Algorithm, and Firefly Algorithm. These algorithms were enhanced by  incorporating the logistic chaotic map for initialization, specifically in the context of microarray cancer gene selection tasks. To assess the  effectiveness of these enhanced algorithms, two cancer datasets were employed, namely Ovarian and Colon, and utilized two classifiers:  the k-nearest neighbor and multilayer perceptron. The results of the study demonstrate that the logistic-chaos firefly algorithm paired  with the k-nearest neighbor stands out as a significant performer, achieving an impressive overall accuracy rate of 93.95% while selecting  444 genes. In summary, the proposed logisticchaos firefly algorithm paired with the k-nearest neighbor approach proves itself as a  worthy competitor in gene selection tasks.
Urban fire disaster response delay model revisited
Authors: Yunus Sulaiman
Published: October 2024

This study revisits and updates the Response Delay Model (RDM) to address the critical issue of delays in urban fire disaster emergency responses. This model aims to streamline response times, ensuring faster and more efficient emergency interventions in urban settings. The objective is to improve the effectiveness of urban fire disaster response systems by systematically identifying, quantifying, and addressing the key delay factors that occur throughout the response process. The research identifies gaps and synthesises current knowledge on fire disaster response through a systematic review of existing literature, including empirical studies and theoretical  models. The RDM is a novel model that categorises delays into pre-notification and intra-reflex sequence delays. It introduces metrics to  quantify these delays and proposes strategies for mitigation, emphasizing the critical stages where interventions can reduce response  delay times. The model's application is to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of urban fire disaster management, ultimately  reducing the resultant impact on lives, property, and economic losses. It is recommended that emergency response agencies utilize this  model to pinpoint critical stages of delay, enabling targeted interventions to reduce response delay times and enhance urban fire  disaster response efficiency.
Formulation and antioxidant characterization of nutraceutical extracts from fruits, fruit peels, seeds and vegetables commonly available in Kaduna State, northern Nigeria
Authors: Mohammed Zainab K. , Sani Jaafaru M. , Bako Hauwa'u Y. , Abubakar Rabiatu I. , Yakubu Aliyu
Published: October 2024

Antioxidants are compounds in fruits, vegetables and spices capable of preventing free radical-induced chronic diseases such as diabetes,  hypertension, obesity, cancer, neurodegeneration and cardiovascular diseases. The peels and seeds of fruits have found applications as sources of medicine for various ailments in traditional medicine. This study evaluated selected phytochemicals and  antioxidant activities in some fruits, fruit peels, seeds, vegetables and spices. Standard methods were used to determine the phenolic  compounds, flavonoids, tannins and alkaloids in the aqueous extracts of the tested samples. Antioxidant activities (DPPH and NO  scavenging) were assayed by spectroscopy. All the extracts tested have varying concentrations of selected phytochemicals. The  antioxidant activity of the extracts in respect to DPPH radical and nitric oxide scavenging ranged from moderate to good antioxidant  activity (IC50 9 – 70 µg/mL). Tamarindus indica nutraceutical extracts exhibited a high degree of antioxidant activity (IC50 value of 9.17  µg/mL and 80.80 ± 0.28 % DPPH inhibition), and recorded high total flavonoid contents (72.79 ± 0.34mg/g QE) than all the tested extracts.  Mixtures of samples used to formulate nutraceutical extracts indicated some degree of radical scavenging activities in the order: TGT >  Ascorbic acid > AvoG > POG > DGT > BSG > T-refresh > P-refresh for DPPH and T-refresh > P-refresh > DGT > Ascorbic acid > POG > BSG >  TGT > AvoG for NO scavenging activities in the tested extracts. Further study to optimize extraction and nutraceutical potency with  respect to other physiochemical properties of nutraceutical agents is recommended.
Determination of adsorption of blue dye using sugarcane bagasse in an aqeous solution
Authors: Bwankwot Manasseh Tachia , Lawal Nafisa , Duniya Emmanuel Kambai
Published: October 2024

This research provides valuable insights into using raw sugarcane bagasse (SB) as an adsorbent for dye removal from wastewater. Various activation and modification methods for SB were explored, including physical, chemical, and biological treatments, as well as composite formation and grafting. The study examined the effects of different optimization conditions on the adsorption process, such as  adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, pH, and contact time. Key findings include an equilibrium contact time of 30 minutes for  methylene blue dye, resulting in an 86% removal rate. The optimal pH for dye removal was identified as pH 6, achieving an 84% removal  rate. The study also found that the optimum dye concentration for removal was 10 ppm, with a 70% removal rate, and the optimal  adsorbent dosage was 0.4g, resulting in an 81% removal rate. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of raw sugarcane bagasse in  adsorbing methylene blue dye under specific conditions, highlighting its potential as a low-cost and efficient adsorbent for wastewater  treatment.
Food Safety Related Data Analytics, Digital, and Artificial Intelligence Needs and Opportunities in Controlled Environment Agriculture
Authors: Motzer Caroline , El-Moghazy Ahmed , Allende Ana , Gil Maria Isabel , Weesepoel Yannick , van Overbeek Leo , Liu Cheng , van de Zedde Rick , Bouzembrak Yamine , Nitn Nitin , Ivanek Renata , Wiedmann Martin
Published: October 2024

Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA) is increasingly used to grow food (namely fruits and vegetables) in con-trolled indoor conditions. While often billed as “eliminating” the classical food safety concerns associated with open field cultivation of produce, traditional as well as potentially novel microbial food safety risks are a concern for CEA, as supported by a recent salmonellosis outbreak in the U.S. linked to CEA grown produce. In addition, the use of diverse technologies and practices in CEA represents a challenge in efforts to develop food safety guidance. CEA, particularly precision vertical farms, however, have the dis-tinct advantage of being “data intense” and typically have a better data collection and management structure than is found in traditional agriculture. This may position at least part of the industry to use digital tools digital tools and Artificial Intelligence (AI) to manage manage food safety. Possible AI approaches may include adaptive sampling and interventions depending on the presence of risk factors that could be predicted with the routine data generated during CEA operations. This article summarizes challenges and opportunities for using AI and digital approaches to as-sure microbial food safety and manage food safety related business risks in CEA.
Evaluating neuromuscular electrical stimulation for preventing and managing intensive care unit-acquired weakness: Current evidence and future directions
Authors: Kurian Annu Lisa , Lucke-Wold Brandon
Published: October 2024

Intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICU-AW) is a prevalent issue in critical care, leading to significant muscle atrophy and functional impairment. Aiming to address this, Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) has been explored as a therapy. This systematic review assesses NMES's safety and effectiveness in enhancing functional capacity and mobility in pre- and post-cardiac surgery patients. NMES was generally safe and feasible, with intervention sessions varying in frequency and duration. Improvements in muscle strength and 6-minute walking test distances were observed, particularly in preoperative settings, but postoperative benefits were inconsistent. NMES showed promise in preventing muscle loss and improving strength, although its impact on overall functional capacity remained uncertain. Challenges such as short ICU stays and body composition affecting NMES efficacy were noted. NMES also holds potential for other conditions like cerebral palsy and stroke. Further research is needed to optimize NMES protocols and better understand its full benefits in preventing ICU-AW and improving patient outcomes.
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and the first law of thermodynamics
Authors: Peters Robert M
Published: October 2024

In heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, significant left ventricular diastolic abnormalities are present, despite a normal systolic ejection fraction. This article will consider whether this is consistent with the law of conservation of energy, also know as the first law of thermodynamics.