bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Torrefaction as a Pre-Treatment of Biomass: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Carneiro-Junior José Airton de Mattos , Teles Eduardo Oliveira , Fernandes Fabio Matos , Alves Carine Tondo , Melo Silvio Alexandre Beisl Vieira de , Torres Ednildo Andrade
Published: January 2021

This article sought to investigate biomass torrefaction, analyzing the collaboration network between authors, institutions and countries in order to systematize the dynamics of scientific research on the subject. The systematic evaluation of the articles obtained in the scope of the research was important to provide an overview of the main stakeholders in the academic and institutional scope. This research is characterized as exploratory-descriptive of quantitative nature, whose technical procedure adopted was bibliometric research. A set of 662 documents were extracted from the main collection of Web of Science. The Vosviewer software was used to create scientific collaboration and co-citation networks. It was noted that the number of documents has been growing steadily since 2011, with a high degree of multidisciplinary collaboration and prolific contributions from American and Chinese researchers on this topic. The USA is the country with the largest number of publications (120 publications), followed by China (70 publications). There was a total of 1,894 authors and 594 institutions researching on biomass torrefaction, with SINTEF Energy Research - Norway having the largest number of publications, followed by National Cheng Kung University - Taiwan and Norwegian University of Science and Technology - Norway. The use of bibliometrics proposed here offers a systematic and dynamic approach to scientific research on biomass torrefaction. The identified groupings and collaboration networks presented a specific outline of the contents already published, authors, countries and institutions, in order to contribute as a starting point to future work in the field of biomass torrefaction.
Operational Sustainability of the Firm
Authors: De França Jose Antonio , Carvalho Nathália Alves , Pereira Clésia Camilo , Vieira Eduardo Tadeu
Published: January 2021

This article presents the research results that assess a firm’s operational sustainability by combining the Degree of Operating Leverage (DOL) with the Current Liquidity Ratio (CLR) to present the Operational Performance versus Financial Solvency (OPFS) binomial, using a non-parametric model. The combination of the DOL with the CLR identifies metrics that indicate that a firm operates at full installed capacity and injects synergy at the generation of financial assets. The model was tested with data from standardized financial statements from 48 firms distributed among 6 sectors of the Brazilian economy, from 2007 to 2017. The results obtained suggest that, when a firm operates at full installed capacity, the DOL varies between 1 and 2, and the CLR is higher than the DOL. From the 6 sectors contemplated by the sample, 4 stand out by operating at full installed capacity with the CLR higher than the DOL, and 2 sectors signal some idleness with the DOL above 2 and the CLR lower than the DOL, such as the Public Utilities Sector (PU) indicating the highest efficiency among all. These results are relevant to illustrate that the combination of the DOL with the CLR is robust enough to evaluate a firm’s operational sustainability.
Patent Profile of the Patent Deposits of FINEP Participants with CT-Petro Resources
Authors: Santos Rosa Elaine Andrade , Santos Gilberto Andrade dos , Silva Gabriel Francisco da , Russo Suzana Leitão
Published: January 2021

This article presents the patent filing profile of the participants of CT-Petro edicts. The release of the notices and analysis of projects are in charge of FINEP, the period analyzed will be from 1998 to 2018. Since this is the oil and natural gas production chain, the general objective of the referred work is to verify if the IPC - International Patent Classification C10, was present in the deposits of the participants. As well as, among the CPI codes, the nomenclature with the highest frequency of presentation. For the robustness of the work, the historical contextualization and definition of patents, Patentiometry and the International Patent Classification - IPC, adopted by the National Institute of Industrial Property - INPI, were performed. The literature review highlights the importance given to patents for technological and economic development. The methodology applied has a qualitative and quantitative character, the sample studied are the institutions that had projects approved by FINEP. In short, the article seeks to outline the profile of patents developed in the participating institutions and whether this profile will reflect positive results for CT-Petro.
Profile of peach palm fruit consumers in the Metropolitan Region of Belém, Pará, Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Santos Marcos Antônio Souza dos , Protázio Daniellen Costa , Costa Gabriela Pereira da , Rebello Fabrício Khoury , Martins Cyntia Meireles , Bezerra Andréia Santana , Nogueira Amanda da Silva
Published: January 2021

People in the Amazon highly value the fruit of the peach palm (Bactris gasipaes Kunth), but its commercialization is hampered because of consumers’ difficulty in identifying fruit of good quality. This study seeks to evaluate the behavior of peach palm fruit consumers in municipalities in the Belém Region in Pará State by conducting a survey of 200 consumers. Peach palm consumption frequency is low, and it has not grown over the past five years in the largest proportion of consumers. The attributes most consumers looked for when purchasing peach palm were its external aspects, displaying a preference for red, oily pulp, medium-sized fruits that were pitted. Consumers enjoy purchasing peach palm as bunches of raw fruit, and while they believe that the price is too high, they are willing to pay more for fruit of proven quality.
Analysis of Fitting Degree of MRI and PET Images in Simultaneous MRPET Images by Machine Learning Neural Networks
Authors:   Business Promotion Agency, Chungbuk Technopark (28116)40, Yeongudanji-ro, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea, Lee GilJae , Lee Hwunjae ,   YUHS-KRIBB Medical Convergence Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea,   Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, 50-1, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemoon-gu, Seoul,, Jin Gyehwan ,   Dept. of Radiology, Nambu University (62271)Deptartment of Radiology, Nambu University 23 Chumdan Jungang-ro, Gwangsan-gu, Gwangju, Korea
Published: January 2021

Simultaneous MR-PET imaging is a fusion of MRI using various parameters and PET images using various nuclides. In this paper, we performed analysis on the fitting degree between MRI and simultaneous MR-PET images and between PET and simultaneous MR-PET images. For the fitness analysis by neural network learning, feature parameters of experimental images were extracted by discrete wavelet transform (DWT), and the extracted parameters were used as input data to the neural network. In comparing the feature values extracted by DWT for each image, the horizontal and vertical low frequencies showed similar patterns, but the patterns were different in the horizontal and vertical high-frequency and diagonal high-frequency regions. In particular, the signal value was large in the T1 and T2 weighted images of MRI. Neural network learning results for fitting degree analysis were as follows 1. T1-weighted MRI and simultaneous MR-PET image fitting degree: Regression (R) values were found to be Training 0.984, Validation 0.844, and Testing 0.886. 2. Dementia-PET image and Simultaneous MR-PET Image fitting degree: R values were found to be Training 0.970, Validation 0.803, and Testing 0.828. 3. T2-weighted MRI and concurrent MR-PET image fitting degree: R values were found to be Training 0.999, Validation 0.908, and Testing 0.766. 4. Brain tumor-PET image and Simultaneous MR-PET image fitting degree: R values were found to be Training 0.999, Validation 0.983, and Testing 0.876. An R-value closer to 1 indicates more similarity. Therefore, each image fused in the simultaneous MR-PET images verified in this study was found to be similar. Ongoing study of images acquired with pulse sequences other than the weighted images in the MRI is needed. These studies may establish a useful protocol for the acquisition of simultaneous MR-PET images.
INTRAMOLECULARLY HYPERCOORDINATED ORGANOLEAD COMPOUNDS: (o-MeOC6H4-CH2)PbPh2R, R = Ph, Cl, WITH Pb–O SECONDARY BONDING
Authors: Sharma Hemant K. , Metta-Magaña Alejandro J. , Saucedo Laura I. , López-Cardoso Marcela , Pannell Keith H.
Published: January 2021

The tetrahedral geometry of organolead(IV) compounds can be readily transformed by using an organic ligand containing a dangling-arm oxygen functionality. The acidity of the Pb center results in so-called secondary bonding between O and Pb thereby pushing the geometry at Pb toward a trigonal bipyramidal (tbp) structure. Replacing a phenyl group by a chlorine atom dramatically enhances this phenomenon. Thus for (o-methoxybenzyl) triphenyllead (4), and (o-methoxybenzyl)diphenyllead chloride (5), the Pb–O internuclear distances are 3.362(4) and 2.845(3) Å, respectively; 83% (4) and 70% (5) of the sum of the van der Waals Pb and O radii. Within the group 14 element congeners the structural analysis of the (o-methoxybenzyl)triphenylE compounds, E = Si, Ge, Sn, and now Pb, demonstrates the relative acidities of E are Si < Ge < Sn < Pb.
Tarifsozialpolitik im transformierten Sozialstaat: Entwicklung, Stand und Perspektiven
Authors: Fröhler Norbert , Fehmel Thilo
Published: January 2021

Vor dem Hintergrund des Sozialstaatswandels hat tarifliche Sozialpolitik an Bedeutung gewonnen und zugleich einen Funktionswandel vollzogen: weg von einer rein komplementären, staatliche Sozialpolitik ergänzenden, hin zu einer teilweise substitutiven Funktion. Auf der Grundlage von Tarifvertragsanalysen und Experteninterviews nimmt der Beitrag eine Bestandsaufnahme vor und analysiert die Perspektiven der Tarifakteure auf die Entwicklung der Tarifsozialpolitik. Im Zentrum stehen hierbei vier Branchen mit sehr unterschiedlichen Handlungsbedingungen: Bauhauptgewerbe, chemische Industrie, Einzelhandel und privates Bankgewerbe. Es zeigt sich, dass das Regulierungsniveau feld- und branchenspezifisch erheblich variiert, was v.a. auf differente gewerkschaftliche Machtressourcen und -positionen zurückzuführen ist. Während die Arbeitgeberverbände die Bedeutungszunahme und den Funktionswandel tariflicher Sozialpolitik prinzipiell befürworten, befinden sich die Gewerkschaften diesbezüglich in einem strategischen Dilemma und politischen Dissens. Ungleich verteilten organisationspolitischen Chancen für die Tarifverbände stehen ungleich verteilte sozialpolitische Risiken und Nachteile für die Beschäftigten gegenüber.
Amino acid derivatives of natural chlorins as a platform for the creation of targeted photosensitizers in oncology
Authors: Mironov A. F. , Ostroverkhov P. V. , Tikhonov S. I. , Pogorilyy V. A. , Kirin N. S. , Chudakova O. O. , Tsygankov A. A. , Grin M. A.
Published: January 2021

Objectives. This study aims to obtain the amino acid derivatives of chlorophyll a and bacteriochlorophyll a for the targeted delivery of pigments to tumor foci. This will increase biocompatibility and, as a result, reduce toxic side effects. In addition to photodynamic efficiency, an additional cytotoxic effect is expected for the obtained conjugates of photosensitizers (PSs) with amino acids. This is owing to the participation of the latter in intracellular biochemical processes, including interaction with the components of the glutathione antioxidant system, leading to the vulnerability of tumor cells to oxidative stress.

Methods. In this work, we have implemented the optimization of the structure of a highly efficient infrared PS based on O-propyloxim-N-propoxybacteriopurpurinimide (DPBP), absorbing at 800 nm and showing photodynamic efficacy for the treatment of deep-seated and pigmented tumors, by introducing L-lysine, L-arginine, methionine sulfoximine (MSO), and buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) methyl esters. The structure of the obtained compounds was proved by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and the photoinduced cytotoxicity was studied in vitro on the HeLa cell line.

Results. Conjugates of DPBP with amino acids and their derivatives, such as lysine, arginine, MSO, and BSO have been prepared. The chelating ability of DPBP conjugate with lysine was shown, and its Sn(IV) complex was obtained.

Conclusions. Biological testing of DPBP with MSO and BSO showed a 5–6-fold increase in photoinduced cytotoxicity compared to the parent DPBP PS. Additionally, a high internalization of pigments by tumor cells was found, and the dark cytotoxicity (in the absence of irradiation) of DPBP-MSO and DPBP-BSO increased fourfold compared to the initial DPBP compound. This can be explained by the participation of methionine derivatives in the biochemical processes of the tumor cell.
Development of technology for producing biodegradable hybrid composites based on polyethylene, starch, and monoglycerides
Authors: Vasilyev I. Yu. , Ananyev V. V. , Kolpakova V. V. , Sardzhveladze A. S.
Published: January 2021

Objectives. This work aimed to develop technology to produce biodegradable hybrid composite (BHC) films based on low-density polyethylene (LDPE) 115030-070 and thermoplastic starches (TPS) of various origins (corn, pea, and rice), with distilled monoglycerides as the plasticizer. The properties of the produced BHC films were studied and the optimal native starch : glycerol : monoglycerides ratio is proposed.

Methods. TPS and BHC films based on this material were produced from different types of native starches in laboratory extruders (Brabender and MashPlast, Russia), and the extruded melts were subjected to ultrasonic vibrations. The structure and appearance of the BHC films were studied using scanning electron microscopy and rheology. Their biodegradability was assessed by immersing them in biocompost for three months. To evaluate the mechanical performance of the BHC films produced with and without ultrasound, the changes in tensile stress and elongation at break were determined during the biodegradation process.

Results. The BHC films had a homogeneous structure, except small agglomerates (non-melted starch grains), which did not reduce their quality. The films with monoglycerides had high tensile strength, which was comparable with low-density polyethylene. After removing samples of the BHC films from the biocompost, their tensile strength decreased by 20%, which shows their biodegradability.

Conclusions. The produced biodegradable composite films and the technology used to produce them will be applicable for the packaging industry to reduce environmental impact.
Change of electrical characteristics of rubber in the process of “swelling–deswelling”
Authors: Kovaleva L. A. , Ovsyannikov N. Ya. , Zuev A. A.
Published: January 2021

Objectives. The main indicator that determines electrical conductivity of rubbers is specific volumetric electrical resistance (ρv ). The purpose of this work is to investigate changes in this indicator during swelling and deswelling of electrically conductive rubbers. When considering the swelling process of rubbers in liquid media at a molecular level, an analogy of this process with mechanical deformation of the material is drawn and common features and differences of these processes are revealed.

Methods. For rubber compositions based on paraffinate and alkyl sulfonate nitrile butadiene rubbers, the degree of their swelling and the change in linear dimensions in heptane and in gasoline grades 80, 92, and 95 were determined. The ρ v value was determined by a potentiometric method: the initial value was measured after temperature control of rubbers for 1 h at 120°C, and the second measurement was carried out after these rubbers were swollen in the solvents for 48 h, followed by drying at 20°C to a constant weight and repeated temperature control under the same conditions. Using an IR Fourier spectrometer, spectra of the solvents used were obtained before and after identification of the investigated rubber samples in them.

Results. It was shown that the type of rubber and solvent used influence the degree of rubber swelling. Rubber compositions based on natural rubbers with a large amount of attached acrylonitrile, obtained in the presence of an alkyl sulfonate emulsifier, have the highest resistance to swelling. The effect of the used solvent on the change in the degree of swelling is determined by its affinity for rubber and the presence of polar additives that increase the octane number of gasoline. It was established that the linear change of the samples upon swelling in the indicated solvents varies according to the length and thickness of the samples. Results show that depending on the type of rubber used and the degree of its filling, the described rubber processing technology leads to a decrease in the ρ v value by 2 to 20 times. The greatest effect of ρ v reduction is observed in low-filled rubber compositions based on paraffinate nitrile rubbers. The spectra of the frustrated total internal reflection of the solvents after their interaction with the studied rubbers show that particulate extraction of dibutyl phthalate, which was used as a plasticizer in rubber compounding, takes place as a result of rubber swelling.

Conclusions. The proposed method of rubber processing reduces the ρ v value by removing dibutyl phthalate from the studied rubbers and forming a more developed carbon–elastomer structure. Furthermore, it solves the problem of the negative effect of the plasticizer on the ρ v value of rubber without excluding it from the rubber composition.
Structure–property models of organic compounds based on molecular graphs with elements of the spatial structures of the molecules
Authors: Shulaeva N. A. , Skvortsova M. I. , Mikhailova N. A.
Published: January 2021

Objectives. This article aims to describe, elaborate, and test a general algorithmic method for constructing the structure–property models for organic compounds.Results. The construction of the models is based on the statistical analysis of some sets of chemical structures of definite classes with known property values. These models have some forms of correlation equations. For the representation of chemical structures in this method, the special weighted molecular graphs (MGs) that reflect some peculiarities of the spatial structures of the corresponding molecules are used. The proposed method is realized in two steps. First, it is assumed that the required structure–property equation has a definite form and depends on several adjusted numerical parameters and two changeable functions of one variable. In this step, from some set of functions, the pair of functions that provide the best model is selected. In the second step, the best model (from the previous step) is modified. For this purpose, the classification of the vertices of MG by the chemical symbols of the corresponding atoms and their first-order environments is fulfilled. Further, the graph edges are classified according to the classes of the vertices which they connect. Furthermore, the numerical correction terms for the initial weights of the vertices and edges are introduced, and they improve the obtained model. The final result of the model-construction process is the equation of the definite form containing concrete numerical values of its parameters. Some examples of the application of the elaborated method for constructing the structure–property models for the concrete properties and classes of compounds are presented. The following classes of organic compounds and their physicochemical properties are considered: 1) the boiling point of alcohols, 2) the water solubility of alcohols, 3) the boiling point of sulfides, and 4) the retention indices of alkylphenols. The obtained results indicate the efficiency of the proposed approach and the significance of introducing the second step to the method.Conclusions. In this work, a general algorithmic and computerized method for constructing the structure–property models of organic compounds is suggested. Examples of the application of this method demonstrated its high efficiency. The method is suitable for any class of organic compounds and properties, which are quantitatively measured. Owing to its high efficiency, the structure–property models obtained by this approach can be employed to calculate the properties of chemical compounds for which experimental data are unavailable.
Synthesis of alkyl-gem-dichlorocyclopropanes based on isoamylene fraction
Authors: Musin A. I. , Borisova Yu. G. , Raskil’dina G. Z. , Daminev R. R. , Rabaev R. U. , Zlotskii S. S.
Published: January 2021

Objectives. The study aims to analyze the dichlorocarbenation of the isoamylene fraction, which is a mixture of 2-methyl-butene-1 and 2-methyl-butene-2, in order to obtain the corresponding alkyl-gem-dichlorocyclopropanes in quantitative yield, and also to determine their structure.

Methods. In order to determine the qualitative and quantitative composition of the reaction masses, the following analysis methods were used: gas-liquid chromatography (using the Crystal 2000 hardware complex), mass spectrometry (using a Chromatec-Crystal 5000M device with NIST 2012 database), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy (using a Bruker AM-500 device at operating frequencies of 500 and 125 MHz).

Results. Alkyl-gem-dichlorocyclopropanes were synthesized from an isoamylene fraction in the presence of catamine AB as a catalyst. Alternatively, isomeric alkenyl-gem-dichlorocyclopropanes were obtained on the basis of isoprene, and by reduction, the corresponding alkyl-gemdichlorocyclopropanes were synthesized. The synthesized substances were analyzed by gasliquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, and NMR spectroscopy, as previously mentioned above.

Conclusions. The results show that the dichlorocyclopropanation of the isoamylene fraction proceeds quantitatively with the formation of a mixture of 2-methyl-2-ethyl-1,1dichlorocyclopropane and 2,3,3-trimethyl-1,1-dichlorocyclopropane. Using isoprene, countersynthesis through successive dichlorocarbenation and hydrogenation was used to synthesize 2-methyl-2-ethyl-1,1-dichlorocyclopropane, one of the products of dichlorocarbenation of the isoamylene fraction.
Afectividad y sexualidad de los adultos mayores de la asociación Padre Carlos de la Vega de la ciudad de Tulcán
Authors: Cuaical Dueñas Janeth Samantha , Rosero Hernández Gabriela Alexandra
Published: January 2021

El presente trabajo de investigación aborda el tema sobre Afectividad y Sexualidad en los adultos mayores de la Asociación Padre Carlos de la Vega de la ciudad de Tulcán en el período marzo-agosto 2014, con la finalidad de identificar el nivel de conocimiento sobre este tema e implementar estrategias que permitan mejorar su vida sexual y afectiva. La obtención de datos para nuestra investigación se realizó a través de una encuesta, escala de afectividad Yesavage y escala socio-familiar de Gijón, (1992) las cuales estuvieron encaminadas a obtener información acerca de los conocimientos, manifestaciones y actitudes de afecto y sexualidad. Posteriormente se realizó el análisis e interpretación de datos. En la información obtenida se evidencia inadecuado conocimiento del adulto mayor sobre este tema, debido a la escasa información que recibe en la Asociación. A pesar de esto se evidencia que existen manifestaciones afectivas en los adultos mayores.Este trabajo de investigación tiene la línea de salud integral y la sublínea promoción, prevención, curación, rehabilitación y salud mental.
Desarrollo local
Authors: Potosí Villarreal Carmen Marlene , Tapia Paguay María Ximena , Munala Isabel
Published: January 2021

El proyecto Desarrollo local: Plan de mejoramiento de la calidad de vida en salud de 25 familias de Guananguicho Norte y el Rosal es un proyecto de investigación yvinculación con la sociedad, cuyo objetivo general es: Realizar el diagnóstico de la situación de salud y calidad de vida de 25 familias de Guananguicho Norte y el Rosal para aportar con el mejoramiento de la calidad de vida, a través de una alianza intersectorial que favorezca a las familias. El estudio aplicado es de tipo observacional, descriptivo con diseño transversal, con la utilización de técnicas directas como la ficha familiar e indirectas como investigaciones previas de artículos de revistas in dexadas. Con los resultados obtenidos se determinó la necesidad de incentivar en la población una cultura de prevención, encaminada a cultivar hábitos saludables como higiene, consumo de agua segura y de alimentos autóctonos de la zona de acuerdo a su valor nutricional, controles médicos, odontológicos, de obstetricia como prevención de enfermedades crónicas o agudas. Se evaluó el impacto del proyecto obteniéndose que el 90 % de la población considera que la educación y visitas domiciliarias fueron acordes a sus necesidades; el 85 % de las familias califican como muy bueno el proyecto y el 15 como bueno, el 95 % de las familias acudieron al control médico, odontológico y de obstetricia realizadas como parte del plan de intervención ejecutado.
Komparasi Model Prediksi Daftar Ulang Calon Mahasiswa Baru Menggunakan Metode Decision Tree Dan Adaboost
Authors: Rabbani Muhammad Naufal , Yusuf Ahmad , Rolliawati Dwi
Published: January 2021

Every year, all the colleges hold new student enrollment. It is needed to start a new school academic year. Unfortunately, the number of students who resigned is considerably high to reach 837 students and caused 324 empty seats. The college’s stakeholders can minimize the resignation number if the selection phase of new students is done accurately.  Making a  machine learning-based model can be the answer. The model will help predict which candidates who potentially complete the enrollment process. By knowing it in the first place will help the management in the selection process. This prediction is based on historical data. Data is processed and used to train the model using the Adaboost algorithm. The performance comparison between Adaboost and Decision Tree model is performed to find the best model. To achieve the maximum performance of the model, feature selection is performed using chi-square calculation. The results of this research show that the performance of Decision Tree is lower than the performance of the Adaboost algorithm. The Adaboost model has f-measure score of 90.9%, precision 83.7%, and recall 99.5%. The process of analyzing the data distribution of prospective new students was also conducted. The results were obtained if prospective students who tended to finish the enrollment process had the following characteristics:  graduated from an Islamic school, 19-21 years old, parents' income was IDR 1,000,000 to IDR. 5,000,000, and through the SBMPTN program.
O uso do pavimento permeável como medida auxiliar na drenagem das cidades
Authors: Abreu Rafael Silva Andrade de , Miranda Thiago Variz
Published: January 2021

As pavimentações têm apresentado alguns problemas, como as águas pluviais, qualidade da pavimentação, sobrecargas dos veículos e espessuras insuficiente para construção do pavimento, esses problemas afetam principalmente os grandes centros urbanos. Desse modo, os pavimentos permeáveis tornam-se uma alternativa adequada para o controle do escoamento de águas superficiais. Com base no contexto apresentado, o presente trabalho possui o objetivo de apresentar e demonstrar a utilização da pavimentação permeável e as vantagens obtidas com sua prática. A justificativa de realização da presente pesquisa tem em vista que o Brasil ainda conta com um sistema tradicional de drenagem que consiste em escoar a água das chuvas que acumulam sob os pavimentos para sistemas auxiliares como bueiros e quando acontecem precipitações em grandes quantidades o escoamento tornam-se ineficientes devido a defasagem desses sistemas. A metodologia utilizada no trabalho foi a realização de um levantamento exploratório por meio da bibliografia utilizando as bases de dados e compilando as informações de teses, publicações, artigos, livros, dissertações e revistas para coletar informações e desenvolver o conteúdo utilizado na presente pesquisa. Com base no conteúdo apresentado é possível concluir que o pavimento permeável é uma solução para os problemas de grande volume de precipitação e isso pode ser praticado através do concreto asfáltico poroso.
Aproximações para Enésimo Número Primo
Authors: Oliveira Miguel Araújo
Published: January 2021

Este artigo tem como principal objetivo apresentar uma fórmula algorítmica para calcular o enésimo número primo. Tal fórmula é essencial para partirmos do estado inicial para algum algoritmo mais desenvolvido no futuro. Grandes matemáticos deixaram suas pequenas e grandes descobertas, algumas podendo servir de suporte para a fórmula que será apresentada neste material. Futuramente, esse material pode ser usado para o progresso nos estudos relacionados à teoria dos números podendo enfim, concluirmos uma fórmula fechada para o termo primo geral. Cada contribuição é importante. Logo, todos os pequenos avanços nos fazem chegar mais próximos daquilo que realmente queremos alcançar. Dada a fórmula presente neste artigo, é de suma importância o total compreendimento para que futuros matemáticos possam tomar como inspiração do desenvolvimento possivelmente precoce após essa descoberta. Atribuído de todo o conhecimento sobre a definição de números primos, esse trabalho apresentará uma demonstração da fórmula podendo facilmente ser interpretada pelo leitor.
ENSINAR E APRENDER EM ENFERMAGEM: RELAÇÕES ENTRE DOCENTES E DISCENTES
Authors: Anacleto da Silva Luiz Anildo , Soder Rafael Marcelo , Sarturi Fernanda , Higashi Giovana Dorneles Callegaro , Stamm Brunna , Mundstock Ivania
Published: January 2021

O objetivo deste estudo é compreender de que forma as relações entre docentes e discentes podem qualificar a formação em enfermagem. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa delineada como descritiva. Os participantes da pesquisa foram docentes e discentes de dois cursos de enfermagem públicos. Foram realizadas entrevistas com docentes e discentes. Os dados obtidos permitiram a construção de duas categorias: a primeira refere-se às relações docentes e discentes na enfermagem e a construção do conhecimento; e a segunda aborda os fatores que motivadores e desmotivadores na relação entre aprender e ensinar na enfermagem. Conclui-se que as boas relações docentes e discentes são fatores motivadores, e algumas situações específicas desmotivadoras. Independentemente de outros preceitos, mostra o estudo que as boas relações são primordiais na formação em enfermagem.
La Sagra e Il Signore della Nave di Luigi Pirandello
Authors: Dal Monte Regina
Published: January 2021

Il decennio intercorso tra la pubblicazione della novella Il Signore della Nave (1916) e la trionfale messa in scena della Sagra del Signore della Nave (1925) — opera con la quale si inaugurò l'attività di Pirandello capocomico — individua un contesto cronologico ed evolutivo dell'arte pirandelliana, decisivo e culminante, che vede da un lato il progressivo ridursi della produzione novellistica e dall'altro si volge alla elaborazione degli atti unici. A partire dalla constatazione che nulla o quasi della novella viene tralasciato nell'adattamento teatrale e mediante l'esame delle differenze strutturali — nonché dei mutamenti più o meno significativi riguardanti lo sviluppo della parte argomentativa— si evidenzia il particolare rapporto dialettico che lega le due opere: quasi spazio in cui il rincorrersi e il nascondersi a vicenda, ma anche il coincidere, di «corpo» e «ombra» vengono mostrati in atto.
On Justice and Liberty in Natalia Ginzburg's Non-Fictional Writings
Authors: Francese Joseph
Published: January 2021

Natalia Ginzburg's value system impacted her poetics and her artistic production over her entire career as a writer. After the publication of Lessico famigliare (1963) through her death (1991) her youthful belief in the ideals of justice and liberty evolved to reflect the growing importance, for her, of social and economic equality: once liberty from fascist dictatorship had been achieved, justice became more prevalent in her thoughts and writings. Concomitant with the evolution of her belief system was an increasing pessimism concerning the development of Italian society, specifically the loss of what she called a "senso sociale": the ability and desire to put egoistic interests aside in the name of a greater good, engage one's fellow humans in a fecund, dialectical way, and transform reality. In her non-fictions of this later period, the focus of this essay, Ginzburg ponders the Italians' disengagement or retreat from the present, a situation that in turn was responsible for what she called our "broken relationship with the future" while advocating the interdependence of literature and world.
Dialogical Strategies, Volgarizzamento, and Ciceronian Ethos in Antonio Brucioli's Dialogi Della Morale Filosofia
Authors: Leushuis Reinier
Published: January 2021

In 1526, Antonio Brucioli (1487-1566) published a series of thirty dialogues that form a typical humanist compendium of moral and political wisdom in the vernacular. Scholars have considered these dialogues mainly from the perspective of Brucioli’s humanist and political allegiances, in particular with exiled Florentine humanists whose discussions in the Orti Oricellari the dialogues echo. However, textual reworkings in subsequent editions (1538 and 1544, in which this group constitutes the first volume, entitled Della morale filosofia, of a series that includes other volumes of dialogues on natural philosophy) warrant a reconsideration that complements intellectual history with literary and rhetorical analysis. This article revalorizes Brucioli’s Dialogi della morale filosofia by arguing that their literary and rhetorical strategies, such as the use of ancient dialogue models, the shifting choice and staging of interlocutors, the creation of Ciceronian ethos and decorum, and the mimetic aspects of the interaction of male and female voices not only evince a conscious application of early Cinquecento dialogue poetics, but also establish the author’s volgarizzamento of a compendium of classical and humanist wisdom as a uniquely Italian project aimed at an emulation and appropriation of moral philosophy by dialogical speaking at the level of a national cultural elite.
Food and Anthropology in the Early Works of Matilde Serao
Authors: Valentini Daria
Published: January 2021

Food has long been considered by anthropologists to be an integral part of self-representation, culture, and identity. The present study investigates the early works of Matilde Serao, focusing on food imagery and culinary customs of the city of Naples. Serao’s fiction and journalistic production reveal a socio-anthropological approach that emphasizes food’s importance within familial and community life. By incorporating documentary and autobiographical elements, the writer offers a unique perspective on the city of Naples and its identity in the late nineteenth century. As we will see, the depiction of food as a socioanthropological construct serves as an effective means to convey important concerns regarding society and history at large, thereby contextualizing Serao’s original place within women’s writing in Italy.
L’autobiografia come dislocamento. Motivi allegorici ne La chiave a stella di Primo Levi
Authors: Cinelli Gianluca
Published: January 2021

L’articolo analizza La chiave a stella (1978) di Primo Levi in chiave ermeneutica come un testo costruito allegoricamente attorno all’idea della dissimulazione dell’identità autobiografica. La compresenza nell’opera di un personaggio autobiografico e di un personaggio inventato come Faussone produce un paradossale patto di lettura: la verosimiglianza, non il principio logico di identità, è l’unica condizione di autenticità autobiografica. Il paradosso consiste nel mostrare dall’interno dell’opera autobiografica, attraverso l’intreccio fra racconto e metaracconto, fra narrazione d’esperienza vissuta e invenzione, che l’autenticità della testimonianza autobiografica dipende dalla sua organicità formale e non dalla sua capacità referenziale di coincidere con la realtà del fuori-testo. L’articolo sostiene che La chiave a stella sia una sofisticata riflessione estetica che Levi articolò alla fine degli anni Settanta sul problema della testimonianza del Lager, nel momento in cui il nascente negazionismo ne delegittimava la forza di verità, reclamando l’assenza di prove delle camere a gas.
The Short Play and Postmodernist Stage Directing: A Virtual Experiment with Pirandello’s Cecè
Authors: Boselli Stefano
Published: January 2021

The one-act play Cecè (1913) by Luigi Pirandello belongs to the playwright’s early production and has been rightly praised for its perfect comic mechanism. Yet, it has heretofore attracted little attention in the academic world. Despite containing one of the first instances of the author’s approach to the instability of self, one of the reasons why its depth appears limited, resides in its brevity when compared to Pirandello’s major works. However, its very economy may allow a director to be experimental and offer multiple versions and perspectives to the audience in a single evening, showcasing a variety of critical theories.
Fears, Hopes, and Regeneration in Tre fratelli: The Return of the Child in the 1980s
Authors: Marrone Gaetana
Published: January 2021

With Tre fratelli (1981), Francesco Rosi turns to the troubled years when the nation’s ideological fabric began to disintegrate and captures the fear of a nation on the verge of collapse, producing a film of devastating emotional impact. Tre fratelli is the tale of three brothers summoned back to their childhood home in Puglia for the funeral of their mother. These very different brothers serve as a cross section for contemporary Italian society: Raffaele, a self-assured judge in Rome whose life is haunted by the fear of terrorist assassination; Rocco, an idealistic teacher who works at a reformatory in Naples; Nicola, a factory worker and labor organizer in Turin. The brothers’ estrangement from their cultural roots creates a disaffected young generation, which is symptomatic of Italy’s dysfunctional present. The youth’s problems are symbolized by the judge’s teen-age son Giorgio and Rocco’s institutional minors. Only Nicola’s eight-years old daughter Marta embodies a solution of regeneration. A magical presence, she gives life to a historical present in which the human soul contains the seeds of the future.
Impious Heretics or Simple Birds? Alexander Farnese and Dutch Rebels in Post-Tassian Italian Poems
Authors: Grootveld Emma , Lamal Nina
Published: January 2021

This article examines the poetical construction of a hero and his enemies in two early seventeenth-century Italian poems about the siege of Antwerp (1584–85), Anversa Liberata and Anversa Conquistata (1609). It explores the adaptations of Tasso’s Gerusalemme Liberata and Conquistata that made these models suitable to the new subject of the poems. From this perspective, we argue that the authors were more than servile epigones of Tasso, as the adaptations of Tasso’s Gerusalemme in both poems created a compromise between the literary tradition and the historical context. The Dutch rebels, being reminiscences of Argillano’s revolt, are characterised both as an errant enemy and a convertible community. Their double status enhances the complementary poetic representation of Alessandro Farnese, the army general fighting them as a clement “pious” hero. These representations and adaptations made it possible for the poems to finish with the reconversion of the Calvinist rebels and therefore both poems can be defined as “epic poems of reconciliation.”
Due gialli a Roma tra via Merulana e Piazza Vittorio: Gadda e Lakhous a confronto
Authors: Jaran Mahmoud
Published: January 2021

Quer Pasticciaccio brutto de via Merulana di Carlo Emilio Gadda (1957) e Scontro di civiltà per un ascensore a Piazza Vittorio di Amara Lakhous (2006) raccontano entrambi un omicidio che sconvolge la quotidianità di due quartieri romani: il primo, ambientato in epoca fascista, rimane un mistero grazie all’incompiutezza voluta dell’opera; il secondo, ambientato invece in una Roma multiculturale contemporanea, si risolve nonostante la “doppia verità” a cui giungono le indagini. Oltre a prendere in esame i vari livelli di intertestualità che vanno dall’uso dialettale all’ironia, dal continuo spostamento tra il particolare e l’universale alle sperimentazioni narrative che danno luogo al “romanzo enciclopedico”, il saggio vorrebbe dimostrare, tramite analisi comparativa, come i due romanzi si incontrino soprattutto nell’intento di evidenziare il disagio esistenzialista della società che oltrepassa sia il “giallo”, sia la “verità” che si trova sempre altrove.
Tradition, Innovation, and Experimentation: The Dramatic Stage and New Modes of Performance in Late Eighteenth-Century Naples
Authors: DelDonna Anthony R.
Published: January 2021

Naples in the last thirty years of the eighteenth-century was characterized by a fervent climate of theatrical experimentation. Although too often viewed as the last stronghold of Metastasian dramatic principles and traditions, the city was deeply influenced by the “reform culture” of Northern Europe. These exterior influences were bolstered by the contributions of local practitioners, whether composers, performers, and theorists. This essay is a brief consideration of how the ideas of “reform culture” affected contemporary Neapolitan theatrical practices and the emergence of new works in the city. A critical source for “reformed” theatrical philosophy was the work of Antonio Planelli (1747–1803), whose treatise Dell’opera in musica (1772) is a significant exploration and commentary on the dramatic stage of the Bourbon capital. Progressing from theatrical philosophy to existing practice, I will consider how the prevailing conditions animated the creation of the largely unknown cantata/pastorale/opera, La pietà d’amore (1782) by the singer, composer, and Calzabigi protégé Vito Giuseppe Millico (1737–1802), created expressly for Naples under the sway of reform principles and his direct collaborations with the poet of Orfeo, Alceste, and Paride ed Elena. My study concludes with an examination of the emergence of the so-called “Lenten tragedy” or azione sacra per musica, a theatrical form created in the exclusive environs of the Teatro di San Carlo, the royal theater of the Bourbon capital, yet imparting a new theatrical aesthetic and modes of representation for contemporary sacred genres consistent to select ideals of reform culture.
Female Detectives in 1950s Salesian Educational Theatre
Authors: Cavallaro Daniela
Published: January 2021

This article considers a little-known type of gialli: those staged by all-women casts in educational theatre performances in Italy between the early 1940s and the early 1960s. It shows how the Salesian priests and sisters who authored educational gialli focused not so much on identifying and punishing the culprits as on proving the innocence of previously suspected characters and restoring those who had strayed from the right path. The article looks at both professional and amateur female detectives of Salesian gialli, their credentials for being called to solve a mystery, and their investigative techniques and success rate. It claims that the amateur detectives on the Salesian stage were often characterized as comical or incompetent, while the professional detectives, even though they were more successful, were foreign and unfeminine, concluding that Salesian authors often exploited the popularity of the giallo genre to put forward conservative role models for young women on the stage and in the audience.
Il futuro cannibale: Riflessioni intempestive su Free Karma Food di Wu Ming 5 e Sirene di Laura Pugno
Authors: Skalle Camilla
Published: January 2021

I due romanzi analizzati nel presente articolo, Free Karma Food (Wu Ming 5 2006) e Sirene (Pugno 2007), sono ambedue ambientati in un futuro distopico molto vicino al tempo contemporaneo. Nel romanzo di Laura Pugno sono state scoperte delle sirene nell’oceano, e le mitologiche cantatrici sono catturate, allevate e mangiate come sushi dalla classe dirigente della società, la mafia yakuza. Il romanzo di Wu Ming 5, ambientato nel 2025, offre una visione distopica simile a quella del futuro rappresentato in Sirene. In Free Karma Food, dopo la cosiddetta grande Morìa, con l’estinzione delle vacche, dei maiali e animali simili, la gente si nutre di carne di gatto, di cane e di carne umana. Come nel romanzo di Pugno, la carne uman(oide) è ammessa soltanto agli uomini ricchi e potenti. Perché l’antropofagia diventa un tema nella letteratura e nella cultura contemporanee? È possibile leggere le interpretazioni dell’avvenire dei due romanzi come una critica alla società odierna e una riflessione sulla nostra crisi ecologica? Quali legami (simbolici) tra carne, genere e potere sono rappresentati nei romanzi? Attraverso studi sul cannibalismo nella letteratura, teoria della carne e la filosofia ecofemminista di Val Plumwood, il presente articolo propone delle risposte a queste domande, mostrando alla fine in che modo l’antropocentrismo cannibalistico dei due universi letterari, attraverso il cannibalismo propriamente detto e quello del nostro simile, diventa critica dell’antropocentrismo stesso.
«Che è occulto come in erba l’angue» (If. 7.84). Storia di un’immagine dantesca dall’antichità al Rinascimento
Authors: Acciarino Damiano
Published: January 2021

Questo lavoro nasce con l’intento di studiare l’evoluzione nei secoli di un’immagine poetica, sorta nell’antichità e riadattata, in molteplici forme, fino al Rinascimento. Si tratta del serpente tra i fiori celato nell’erba, permeabile a varie infiltrazioni di carattere simbolico, allegorico, metaforico. Saranno prese in considerazione attestazioni di autori, a partire da Lucrezio e Virgilio, passando per Dante e Petrarca, fino a Tasso e Shakespeare.
On the Seriousness of Things: Pirandello’s Ma non è una cosa seria from Page to Screen
Authors: Syrimis Michael
Published: January 2021

A study of Mario Camerini’s Ma non è una cosa seria (But It’s Nothing Serious [1936]), a film based on Luigi Pirandello’s eponymous 1918 play and typical of the 1930s Italian romantic comedy genre, elucidates the transformations that a literary conception undergoes when adapted for the screen, especially as those reflect the historical context of the film’s making. The challenge for the filmmaker when working on a literary adaptation for popular consumption is to identify the cinematic strategies most suitable to render a psychologically and philosophically nuanced discourse, such as Pirandello’s, appealing to a mass audience in search of diversion. Camerini’s film also exemplifies that unique moment in Italian culture when the Fascist government took decisive measures to strengthen the film industry, promoting the expansion of popular genres in the style of classical Hollywood cinema. Camerini, therefore, works on three fronts: to convey literariness, to apply a sophisticated system of popular filmic representation, and to sustain, if subtly, some Fascist cultural ideals. A reading of the 1918 play with respect to Pirandello’s theory of umorismo questions the seriousness of the legal status of marriage, which in Pirandellian terms we may describe as an ideal construct or “fiction.” While this notion informs also the film’s fundamental thematic layer, Camerini modifies parts of the plot and deftly applies the techniques of classical cinema to convey Pirandellian humour specifically through cinematic means, placing emphasis on the identity of the male protagonist, which here takes the form of a visually vibrant array of diverse identity constructs. At the same time, through a graceful coordination of camera work and mise-en-scène, Camerini communicates the Fascist ideal of Italy as a modern and affluent nation but also one that preserves its traditional values.