bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictors for development of major cardiovascular events in elderly patients with severe and extremely severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in combination with early stages of chronic kidney disease
Authors: Bolotova E. V. , Yavlyanskaya V. V. , Dudnikova A. V.
Published: April 2019

Aim. To study the structure of major cardiovascular events (MCVE) and to identify their independent predictors in elderly patients with severe and extremely severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in combination with early stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Materials and methods. The study included 172 elderly patients with stage 3–4 COPD associated with stage 1–2 CKD. Initially, risk factors for MCVE were identified and levels of vitamin D (25 (ОН) D) were measured for all patients. In 12 months, MCVE anamnesis was collected, and patients were divided into two groups with and without MCVE during the observation period. The risk factors for MCVE, which were significantly different between the two groups according to results of a one-way analysis, were successively included into a logistic regression for identifying independent predictors of MCVE. A ROC analysis was performed for the identified variables to identify a predictive cut-off point. Results. 21 MCVEs were observed in 8.7% (15) patients. Heart rhythm disorders (HRD) not reversed at the prehospital stage were observed in 38.1% patients; acute cerebrovascular disease and transient ischemic attack – in 23.8%, acute coronary syndrome – in 23.8%, and pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) – in 14.3%. Two MCVEs, namely, a combination of HRD not reversed at the prehospital stage and PTE, were observed in 3 (20%) patients. The ROC analysis showed that the incidence of COPD exacerbation for the previous 12 months >3 had the highest predictive value for the 12-month risk of MCVE in patients with COPD associated with early CKD (95% CI, 0.823–0.925, р=0.001). A total PROCAM score <50 (95% CI, 0.882–0.964, р=0.001); GFR ≥80 ml/min/1.73 m2 (95% CI, 0.750–0.870, р=0.001); and a level of vitamin D ≥33 ng/ml (95% CI, 0.730–0.855, р=0.001) reduced the risk for MCVE. Conclusions. In elderly patients with grade 3–4 COPD associated with stage 1–2 CKD, the development of MCVE within 12 months was determined by the incidence of COPD exacerbations for the previous 12 months >3 while a total PROCAM score <50, GFR >80 ml/min/1.73 m3 , and levels of vitamin D >33 ng/ml reduced the risk of MCVE in these patients
La iglesia como factor de estabilidad política durante la restauración: el caso de La Rioja
Authors: Cañas Díez Sergio
Published: April 2019

Frente al combate contra el liberalismo que la Iglesia espanola libró en buena parte del siglo XIX, sobre todo en los momentos álgidos de la revolución liberal, tras el final de la I República Espanola y con la vuelta a la monarquía constitucional de Alfonso XII, comenzó a seguir una política más pactista con el Estado. A cambio de este apoyo, más evidente en el caso de los gobiernos conservadores que cuando gobernaron los progresistas, también la Iglesia pudo recomponerse tras el giro revolucionario del Sexenio Democrático de cara a afrontar la modernidad alcanzada por el régimen creado en 1976. Por eso queremos comprobar cómo funcionaron estos mecanismos de acuerdo en el territorio que hoy ocupa la Comunidad Autónoma de La Rioja.
Dos caminos paralelos en el deporte y en la guerra: la trayectoria ideológica de los periodistas Jacinto Miquelarena y Alberto Martín Fernández, "Spectator"
Authors: Da Costa Marco
Published: April 2019

El artículo aborda el papel desempenado por los periodistas deportivos Jacinto Miquelarena y Alberto Martín Fernández, Spectator, en el debate que se produciría durante la guerra civil en torno a la concepción totalitaria del deporte. En el caso de Miquelarena, nos detendremos previamente en sus colaboraciones periodísticas en el semanario falangista F.E. y en un análisis de su ensayo Stadium, a medio camino entre la vanguardia literaria y la estética fascista. Asimismo, se pretende resaltar cómo los acontecimientos internacionales de la Segunda Guerra Mundial acabarían por politizar unas carreras profesionales dedicadas al deporte que, a partir de ese momento, se orientarían a la crónica adulatoria hacia el Tercer Reich.
Intrapartum Ultrasonography for Detecting Fetal Macrosomia
Authors: P Croce , G Croce , L Panzeri , SM Zanchi , D Perotti , B Arena
Published: April 2019

Objective: To compare the accuracy of three ultrasound methods to estimate fetal weight within 48 hours before delivery, in order to recognize macrosomia, defined as birth weight greater than 4000 g.Methods: A prospective and ultrasonic study was performed on a sample of singleton pregnancies between 37 weeks and 41 weeks plus 6 days of gestation. Fetal weight was evaluated with Estimated Fetal Weight (EFW) formula, with the measurement of the Abdominal Circumference (AC) and with the assessment of the Abdominal Circumference corrected with the constant “c” (ACc).Results: 1030 patients with single pregnancy were included, 67.28% of them were primiparous, average Body Mass Index (BMI) at birth was 27.37 and macrosomia was found in 77 (8,08%) fetuses. EFW showed a sensitivity of 61.53%, a specificity of 90.72%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 27.58% and negative predictive value (NPV) of 97.46%, to recognize birth weight of more than 4000 g. AC greater than 375 mm presented a sensitivity of 53.24%, a specificity of 93.21%, a PPV of 41.41% and a NPV of 95.67%, to detect macrosomic fetuses. ACc greater than 375 mm showed a sensitivity of 66.23%, a specificity of 88.65%, a PPV of 34.35% and a NPV of 96.68%, to predict macrosomia. The mean absolute error when the neonatal weight was greater than 4000 g, with EFW was 9,23%, with AC were 11,02% and with ACc was 9,32%.Conclusions: In this study was shown that either EFW, or AC-only, or ACc are useful tools to detect fetal macrosomia. The measurement of AC and Acc seem to be the easiest methods to learn and to be used every time. During the first stage of labor, ultrasound scan associated to clinic evaluation, provides further elements to physician, to allow a better management of delivery. The finding of a NPV greater than 95% with the three methods, leads to exclude macrosomia with a good approximation, even in case of clinic hypothesis.
Adenovirus-mediated Gene Therapy for Allergy
Authors: Ma Shikun , Guan Jian
Published: April 2019

Allergy poses a heavy health burden in modern society. Other than symptom-relieving medications, the only available treatment approach is allergen-specific immunotherapy, which in spite of offering a potential cure, requires a long treatment duration with multiple doses of allergen administration and carries a risk of anaphylaxis. Gene therapy has shown advantages in experimental studies for treatment of tumors, genetic diseases, chronic infections, and allergy. To date, adenovirus has been the most extensively used gene transfer vector, and offers high efficiency and safety. Here, we review studies of adenovirus-mediated gene therapy targeting different steps in the development of allergic diseases. Adenovirus-mediated gene therapy might be a promising add-on therapy for allergy treatment
Investigating the Association of Orosomucoid 1-like 3 (ORMDL3) Gene Polymorphism (rs12603332) with Susceptibility to Allergic Asthma in Iranian Northwestern Azeri Population
Authors: Zeinaly Ilghar , Vossoughi Naghmeh , Ali Komi Daniel Elieh , Kazemi Tohid , Babaloo Zohreh , Razavi Alireza , Sajay-Asbaghi Mohammad , Sadeghi-Shabestari Mahnaz
Published: April 2019

Orosomucoid 1-like 3 (ORMDL3) gene, located on chromosome 17q21, is an asthma candidate gene that encodes ORMDL3. This molecule has been reported to play a role in airway remodeling and bronchial hyper-responsiveness. In this study, we aimed to investigate the possible association of ORMDL3 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs12603332) with susceptibility to allergic asthma in Iranian Northwestern Azeri population.
193 asthmatic patients and 185 normal individuals were included. Genomic DNA was extracted and genotyping was performed by standard restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction RFLP-PCR method using BstUI restriction enzyme.
Our results showed dominant presence of TC genotype and C allele in both patients (49.2% and 59.8%, respectively) and controls (48.6% and 60%, respectively). Frequency of genotypes and alleles showed no significant difference between two groups (p=0.994 and p=1.00, respectively). None of alleles could be defined as risk allele for allergic asthma (OR=0.99, 0.88-1.12, 95% CI).
We failed to show significant association between ORMDL3 rs12603332 with predisposition to allergic asthma in Iranian Northwestern Azeri population. More studies with larger number of participants should be done to find more reliable results for such association.
CbpM and CbpG of Streptococcus Pneumoniae Elicit a High Protection in Mice Challenged with a Serotype 19F Pneumococcus
Authors: Kazemian Hamid , Afshar Davoud , Garcia Ernesto , Pourmand Mohammad Reza , Jeddi-Tehrani Mahmood , Aminharati Farzaneh , Shokri Fazel , Yazdi Mohammad Hossein
Published: April 2019

Among many pneumococcal antigens, choline-binding proteins (CPBs) display a high immunogenicity in animal models. This study aims to determine the immunogenicity of CbpM, CbpG and CbpL proteins of Streptococcus pneumoniae in a mice model.
The genes were cloned into pET21a expression vector and the recombinant proteins were produced. Mice were immunized with the purified recombinant proteins. Subsequently, the mice were challenged with S. pneumoniae ATCC 49619 (2×106 CFU) and their survival and bacterial clearances were followed 24 hours after infection. The antibody responses of the mice were determined by ELISA assay. The opsonophagocytosis assay was performed using rabbit’s sera. Passive immunization was carried out using two doses of anti-CbPs antibodies. Finally, these mice were  experimentally infected with virulent bacteria and the protective effects of two doses of 10 and 100 µg/mL by monitoring the survival rate and bacterial clearance were determined at 2, 3 and 7 days after bacterial challenge.
The mice actively immunized with CbpM, CbpG and CbpL recombinant proteins showed survival rate of 100%, 85% and 75%, respectively. The survival rates among passively immunized mice groups which received100 µg/mL dose of anti-CbpM, anti-CbpG and anti- CbpL were 50%, 50% and 25%, respectively. The rates of opsonization with rabbit’s antibodies against CbpM, CbpG, and CbpL  at 100 µg/mL doses was 45.6%, 14.7% and 82.3%, and at 10 µg/mL was 12.9%, 12.2% and 9.35%, respectively.
Our findings suggest that the recombinant proteins particularly CbpM and CbpG can protect the mice against pneumococcus19F serotype and effectively induce a protective antibody response. Thus, CbpG and CbpM proteins might be used as suitable vaccine candidate in pneumococcal vaccine formulations.
Direct Costs of Asthma in a Referral Public Children's Hospital in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Rostamzadeh Negin , Ali Ali , Gharagozlou Mohammad
Published: April 2019

Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases all over the world, which impacts socioeconomics of families and health care systems. We need to estimate the costs of asthma to set health policies and structural adjustments to control burden of asthma in societies. The aim of present study was to evaluate direct costs of asthma in children in Tehran-Iran.
In a descriptive-analytical study, 100 children who were referred to Children’s Medical Center of Tehran University of Medical sciences, from March 2014 to March 2015, were selected randomly and studied. In an interview with parents we evaluated direct costs of asthma including physician fees, admission fees, medication costs, costs of transportation, and others.
In present study, 72 patients (72.0%) were male and 28 patients (28.0%) were female with mean age of 6.9±0.3 years old. Annual mean of direct costs of outpatient care were calculated 5,179,000±620,000 Rials (159.3±19$), and with considering the admission costs, direct medical expenditure were calculated 6,069,600±140,000 Rials (186.7±4$) throughout the year. Non-medical annual costs of asthma in children were calculated 4,439,700±437,540 Rials (136.6±13$) during 2014-2015 in Tehran-Iran.
Based on findings of present study, total costs of asthma with the help of close physician follow ups and effective usage of medications has decreased in recent decades; furthermore, in our study, outpatient management costs which accounted for 85.5% of total direct costs of asthma in children, had the largest share of direct costs of asthma management
The Increase of pFAK and THBS1 Protein and Gene Expression Levels in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Histamine-treated M1 Macrophages
Authors: Khosravi Mohsen , Najafi Mohammad , Amirfarhangi Abdollah , Karimi Mahdi , Fattahi Fahimeh , Shabani Mohammad
Published: April 2019

Atherosclerosis is developed due to the formation of atheroma plaques in the coronary arteries. In this process, M1 macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are the main functional cells. Inflammatory mediators such as histamine may inflame M1 macrophages. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of M1 macrophage secretion contents on the gene and protein expression levels of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP), and thrombospondin1 (THBS1).
Whole blood samples from the six healthy subjects (stenosis<5%), and six patients (stenosis>70%) were prepared and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated. Then monocytes were differentiated into M1 macrophages using 100 ng/mL granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). The differentiated M1 macrophages were treated with histamine (10-6 M), and their secretion contents were harvested and added to the culture medium of VSMCs. The FAK, VASP, and THBS1 gene expression and protein levels were measured using RT-qPCR and western blot techniques in VSMCs, respectively.
The FAK and THBS1 gene expression levels significantly increased in VSMCs after adding secretion contents obtained from histamine-treated M1 macrophages (p=0.023 and 0.05, respectively), while significant results were not observed for VASP gene (p=0.45). In converse with the phosphorylated VASP (pVASP) (p<0.34), the phosphorylated FAK (pFAK) and THBS1 protein levels increased in VSMCs (p<0.001).
We concluded that in inflammatory conditions, the immune events could affect the macrophages by histamine. The activated macrophages could locally activate signaling 
pathways via FAK and THBS1 genes that are effective in the proliferation and migration of VSMCs.
The Anti-tumoral Effect of β-D-Mannuronic Acid (M2000) as a Novel NSAID on Treg Cells Frequency and MMP-2, MMP-9, CCL22 and TGFβ1 Gene Expression in Pre-surgical Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Kashefi Sarvenaz , Ahmadi Hamid , Omranipour Ramesh , Mahmoodzadeh Habibollah , Jafarnezhad-Ansariha Fahimeh , Tofighi Zavareh Farzaneh , Mirshafiey Abbas
Published: April 2019

With respect to the role of chronic inflammation in the induction and progression of breast cancer (BC). The relationship between tumor and tumor microenvironment may be a hopeful strategy for BC therapy. According to the effect of β-D-Mannuronic acid (M2000) as a novel non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) on BC murine model and 4T1 cell line, we started to study that was a phase II, randomized, controlled clinical trial.
24 women with BC were included in this study and were followed by fixed oral doses of M2000, 500 mg two times a day (6-8 weeks). Blood samples were collected at baseline and weeks 6-8. To compare the patterns of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), C-C motif chemokine ligand 22 (CCL22) and The transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGFβ1) gene expression and T regulatory cells (Tregs) frequency of healthy women normal controls with BC patients, a set of 10 blood samples of  women healthy volunteers was collected. The gene expression was evaluated by quantitative Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and the frequency of Tregs was assessed by flow cytometry.
Our results showed, reduction in MMP-2 (p=0.08), MMP-9 (p=0.03), CCL22 (p=0.003) and TGFβ1 (p=0.1) gene expression and Tregs frequency (p=0.01) which play a main role in the development of chronic inflammation, angiogenesis, tumorigenesis and metastasis.
Our findings demonstrated that M2000 therapy as a novel designed NSAID had valuable therapeutic effects on BC. No adverse effects were observed following the use of M2000 after 6-8 weeks.
Immunomodulatory Effects of Human Adipose Tissue-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on T Cell Subsets in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Baharlou Rasoul , Rashidi Nesa , Ahmadi-Vasmehjani Abbas , Khoubyari Mahshid , Sheikh Maryam , Erfanian Saiedeh
Published: April 2019

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (Ad-MSCs) have been reported to suppress the effector T cell responses and have beneficial effects on various immune disorders, like rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study was designed to investigate the effects of co-cultured Ad-MSCs on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of RA patients and healthy individuals, through assessing transcription factors of T cell subsets.
PBMCs from RA patients and healthy donors were co-cultured with Ad-MSCs with or without Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA). The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to measure the expression of T-box 21 (T-bet), GATA-binding protein-3 (GATA3), retinoid-related orphan receptor γt (ROR-γt) and forkhead box P3 (Foxp3).
Based on the results, Ad-MSCs greatly upregulated Th2 and Treg cell transcription factors, i.e., GATA3 and Foxp3 (p<0.05), and downregulated Th1 and Th17 transcription factors, i.e., T-bet and RORγt (p<0.05).
These results demonstrate that Ad-MSCs can result in an immunosuppressive environment through inhibition of pro-inflammatory T cells and induction of T cells with a 
regulatory phenotype. Therefore, they might have important clinical implications for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases such as RA.
Vector Control of a Single-Phase Induction Machine with Scott-T Connection in the Stator and Estimation of Velocity with Sliding Mode Observer
Authors: Silva Paulo Cesar da , Polli Horácio Beckert , Matos Daniel dos Santos , Oliveira José de , Nied Ademir
Published: April 2019

This paper shows a high-performance sensorless driver for an induction machine with a Scott-T connection in the stator windings.This connection is used to transform a single-phase machine into a three-phase only by changing the winding configuration, increasing efficiencyand minimizing the cost impact. This type of solution can be used as an alternative to the use of highperformance drivers controlling single-phaseinduction machines. The motor model using the Scott-T connection is developed and the experimental results of a vector control approach by fieldorientation are shown. A sliding mode observer is also developed for estimating the speed of the machine tested.
Insulated Modular Auxiliary Power Source Concept with Multiple Outputs
Authors: Lambert Gustavo , Seidel Fabiana , Fiorio Luan Vinícius , Novaes Yales R. De
Published: April 2019

This paper presents an insulated auxiliary power source with multiple outputs based on a two-stage structure, where the first-stage operates as a controlled current source and the second-stage as an active rectifier. The second-stage is replicated for each load, where the output voltage is independently controlled by a hysteresis band controller integrated to the auxiliary power source's circuit. Insulation between the multiple stages is achieved by a medium-frequency transformer for each output. The main aim of this auxiliary power supply is to feed modular multilevel converters in laboratory applications that run at the lower range of medium-voltage dc. Theoretical analysis of the auxiliary power supply is presented and verified experimentally for the converter's two main modes of operation.
A Study of the Effectiveness of Parametric Optimization Algorithms: Collision Impact Processes in Bumper Beams and Truck Cabins
Authors: Goncharov R.B.
Published: April 2019

This article compares various parametric optimization algorithms implemented in LS-OPT for solving high-speed and highly nonlinear impact problems using a bumper beam and a truck cabin as examples. The analysis of the results showed which algorithms were the most effective according to the criteria of accuracy and time. The metamodel based on the RBF neuron network and the space-filling point selection for optimizing the design of the bumper beam allowed reducing the mass of the structure by 16 % while maintaining the same parameters of rigidity and power consumption. To solve optimization problems concerning passive safety of complex structures such as truck cabins, the RBF neuron network model proved to be the most effective. It is therefore recommended as the primary model, while the linear polynomial model should be used only for preliminary analysis.
A Hydrodynamic Analysis of the Dead-End Lines of Hydraulic System Pressure Mains Taking into Account High-Frequency Pressure Pulsations
Authors: Bobarika I.O. , Molokova S.V.
Published: April 2019

Hydrodynamic analysis with the aid of numerical modeling tools is widely used in the design and modernization of hydraulic systems of aircraft, as well as in the analysis of the causes of depressurization, local destruction, and so on. This analysis includes both the operation of the hydraulic system in different modes, and the process of switching from one mode to another. However, in the scientific literature there is no information that would take account of high-frequency pressure pulsations from the hydraulic pump in the dead-end lines of hydraulic systems, and their possible impact on the pipelines and attachment points to the elements of the airframe. In the scope of this research, the possibility of low-frequency resonance in the dead-end lines of hydraulic systems is determined. A technique for setting and performing finite-volume modeling and hydro-gasdynamic analysis is described. The results of the analysis of the eigenfrequencies of oscillations in prefabricated structures of the hydraulic system pressure lines are presented. It is proven that the frequency of the resulting low-frequency resonance of the hydraulic fluid pulsations does not correspond to any of the eigenfrequencies of oscillations of the structural elements, and is, therefore, forced. The need for further assessment of the degree of influence of the described phenomenon on the operational life of the attachment points to the elements of the airframe is highlighted.
A escola isolada: contribuições e processos de escolarização em Novo Hamburgo, RS (1940-1952)
Authors: Souza José Edimar de
Published: April 2019

Objetivo é analisar como a escola isolada contribuiu para os processos de escolarização em Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, a partir de memórias de professores e alunos de duas escolas isoladas, do bairro Lomba Grande. Os aportes teóricos sustentam-se na história cultural a partir de Roger Chartier e Escolano Benito, bem como se vale da metodologia da história oral. Ao reconstruir o cotidiano das aulas nessa região rural, a partir da análise das memórias foi possível compreender um significativo percurso da história do ensino pública municipal rural desse município. Nesse sentido, a forma de acesso a escolarização formal, entre 1940-1952, deu-se prioritariamente em escolas isoladas. A presença de escola neste lugar cumpriu seu propósito de ensinar ler, escrever, contar, além de colaborar para imprimir valores e nesses sujeitos. Estes aspectos, analisados coletivamente, sugerem a constituição de identidades de pertencimento evidenciada nas memórias sobre culturas escolares.
Docência & qualidade de educação: significantes em disputa
Authors: Pereira Talita Vidal
Published: April 2019

No texto são analisadas disputas em torno do significante docência associado à defesa de uma qualidade da educação apoiada na centralidade do conhecimento científico como eixo da formação docente. Disputas que tiveram lugar no processo de reformulação curricular da Licenciatura em Pedagogia de uma instituição de ensino superior localizada na Região Sudeste, ao longo de 2016. A análise busca romper com a lógica de que os sujeitos precedem aos projetos que defendem para pensar as políticas de uma perspectiva pós-estrutural, analisando como elas assumem novas configurações no contexto estudado e dando ênfase as formas pelas quais sentidos atribuídos à política são disputados, negociados e ressignificados, problematizando fundamentos teóricos que sustentam essas disputas. O estudo se insere em um conjunto de reflexões produzidas no campo do currículo, motivadas pela compreensão de que é necessário reativar sentidos de mundo, de educação, de currículo e de formação que sofrem ao longo do tempo tentativas de bloqueio em nome de fundamentos que configuram e organizam aquilo que entendemos por modernidade.
Sapo Campus – uma ferramenta colaborativa em contexto de formação contínua de professores em tecnologias digitais
Authors: Barros Rogério Augusto , Cunha Vasco Alexandre
Published: April 2019

A capacidade em usar as tecnologias digitais emerge atualmente como uma componente fundamental na área educativa, notando-se um crescente interesse na implementação e desenvolvimento de ações de formação contínua a docentes no domínio das tecnologias de informação e comunicação. Nessa linha, há um reconhecimento pela comunidade educativa na necessidade de implementação e definição de estratégias para o uso de tecnologias, por constituírem ferramentas indispensáveis para o desenvolvimento do processo educativo, permitindo, genericamente, interpretar, armazenar, produzir e transmitir informação. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo aborda os contornos concetuais e metodológicos de uma ação de formação a docentes, a partir da Direção Regional de Educação da Madeira, sobre uma ferramenta tecnológica colaborativa especialmente indicada para contextos educativos – o Sapo Campus. Para além dessa componente, integrou-se na plataforma Sapo Campus a exploração de outras ferramentas e materiais pedagógicos apoiados no uso de tecnologias digitais, com potencial para serem utilizadas em contexto escolar na construção de trabalhos multimédia para a comunidade educativa. A ação de formação foi orientada por dois formadores e desenvolvida por quinze docentes de diversas áreas de ensino, tendo-se obtido, a partir de um inquérito por questionário, uma avaliação muito positiva, tanto no que concerne aos conceitos abordados configurados na utilização da plataforma, como relativamente à metodologia adotada para o desenvolvimento da atividade formativa.
O poder da branquitude e racismo institucional: percepções sobre o acesso à diplomacia brasileira
Authors: Siss Ahyas , Almeida Viviane da Silva
Published: April 2019

O Instituto Rio Branco (IRBr), única instituição oficial de formação de diplomatas do Ministério da Relações Exteriores (MRE) brasileiro, tem registrado uma sub-representação de afro-brasileiros e de afro-brasileiras na sua carreira diplomática. Nesse sentido, Oliveira (2011) postula em seus estudos que, até 2010, apenas 0,07% dos diplomatas do IRBr eram afro-brasileiro(a)s, dado este que comprova essa sub-representação de membros desse grupo étnico-racial naquela carreira. Nesse contexto, este artigo, como parte de uma pesquisa mais ampla, buscou investigar os critérios de seleção ao cargo de diplomata, se tais critérios estão permeados pelos racismos pessoal e institucional mediados pela atualização da agenda eugênica no Brasil, bem como as impressões que os diplomatas tanto afro-brasileiros e brancos que ingressam no IRBr possuem sobre a carreira. Numa perspectiva sócio-histórica, foram levantados os enfrentamentos pelos quais os diplomatas tanto afro-brasileiros como brancos têm vivido em suas trajetórias. Trata-se de uma pesquisa fenomenológica, de análise qualitativa, na qual foram utilizados, como procedimentos metodológicos, a análise bibliográfica, a documental, entrevista semiestruturada, questionário aberto e a Análise Crítica do Discurso (ACD). A análise está elucidada nas impressões dos diplomatas sobre a carreira, de suas concepções sobre o racismo institucional e nas experiências que os diplomatas afro-brasileiros têm ao ingressarem na diplomacia.
A escola pública como máquina de guerra
Authors: Carvalho Janete Magalhães
Published: April 2019

Objetiva este artigo discutir a escola como dispositivo pedagógico no capitalismo contemporâneo. Discute como, na sociedade contemporânea, os corpos encontram-se atravessados por gigantescos processos de dessubjetivação, que visam à reprodução da máquina de governo das pessoas, das populações, das instituições – dentre, essas, as escolas públicas desconectadas da vida política, atuando como equipamento coletivo em relações regidas por automatismos, sem resistência ao instituído. Debate como Rousseau e Kant, por caminhos diferentes, deram suporte às duas grandes vertentes do pensamento pedagógico moderno e seus reflexos na configuração da atual escola pública. Defende a possibilidade de a escola pública atuar como máquina de guerra, movimentando nosso pensamento e nossas ações para outros modos de estar escola e coletivo. Apresenta como possibilidade o caso brasileiro da escola pública como máquina de guerra: a escola pública aprendente de Paulo Freire.
A Teoria das Representações Sociais como referencial teórico-metodológico na pesquisa em Geografia: análise de teses e dissertações presentes na Capes de 2012 a 2016
Authors: Yaegashi Solange Franci Raimundo , Oliveira Bethânia Vernaschi de , Oliveira Lucilia Vernaschi de
Published: April 2019

A Teoria das Representações Sociais (TRS) foi idealizada por Serge Moscovici no início da década de 1960 e tem sido utilizada em diferentes áreas do conhecimento para investigar como são produzidos, organizam-se e são veiculados os saberes sociais, utilizados para interpretar a realidade concreta na inter-relação dos grupos sociais. A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar o uso da TRS como referencial teórico-metodológico para o ensino da Geografia na educação básica. Para a realização deste trabalho, selecionamos pesquisas stricto sensu cadastradas no banco de teses e dissertações na Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal e Nível Superior (CAPES), no período de 2012 a 2016.  Analisamos quatro teses e 25 dissertações, para isso organizamos dois quadros e um gráfico nos quais distribuímos informações relevantes do material analisado. Além disso, organizamos semanticamente, as 29 pesquisas em cinco categorias de análise. Os resultados apontam que a TRS tem sido um importante referencial teórico-metodológico para compreender fenômenos da Geografia e das diversas implicações que envolvem essa disciplina escolar.
Políticas Públicas Educacionais para a Educação Pré-Escolar e as reformulações curriculares de 2016 em Portugal: o caso da Matemática
Authors: Bolgenhagen Silvani Kempf , Cosme Ariana
Published: April 2019

Analisou-se a influência das políticas económicas voltadas para a Globalização e o Neoliberalismo sobre o cotidiano Educação Pré-Escolar; os estudos do currículo, sua implementação e repercussão no desenvolvimento no trabalho pedagógico, desde o início da institucionalização da Educação Pré-Escolar até as novas reformulações curriculares (2016). Na busca de validação do tema, foi realizado um levantamento de estudos académicos no Repositório Científico Académico de Portugal, no período de 2006-2016. Desse inventário, foi possível perceber que a grande maioria das pesquisas são referentes às Orientações Curriculares para a Educação Pré-Escolar e as práticas pedagógicas centradas na preocupação do cumprimento do currículo. Para tanto, privilegiam-se os estudos do currículo sobre a educação da infância e as práticas pedagógicas para que se aponta, nomeadamente, sobre a matemática.
Construire une theorie critique en education, inspiree de Paulo Freire, en France - un exemple: un site internet de lutte contre les discriminations a l’ecole
Authors: Pereira Irène
Published: April 2019

L’article propose une présentation de ce que peut être une théorie critique dans le champ de la philosophie de l’éducation en France. L’enjeu d’une approche critique en éducation est de lutter contre la récupération néo-libérale des pratiques pédagogiques à visée émancipatrices. Pour cela, une philosophie critique en éducation en France doit s’appuyer sur les apports de la sociologie de l’éducation. Cela d’autant plus que la France est un des pays de l’OCDE qui reproduit le plus les inégalités scolaires liées à l’origine sociale. Cela conduit à essayer d’élaborer une théorie critique qui repose sur une approche matérialiste des rapports sociaux en prenant comme base l’enjeu du travail éducatif. Cette théorie critique en éducation a servi de cadre théorique à la conception d’un site Internet de lutte contre les discriminations en éducation. Ce site s’adresse aux enseignants de l’école maternelle à l’Université.
A Atuação do Estado Brasileiro nas Políticas Públicas para Educação Profissional nos Governos Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995-2002) e Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (2003-2010)
Authors: Oliveira Arão Davi , Silva Celeida Maria Costa de Souza e
Published: April 2019

Este artigo discute as principais políticas públicas voltadas à educação profissional dos governos Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995-2002) e Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (2003-2010) no contexto da fase de acumulação flexível do capital. Focaremos nossas discussões nos programas PLANFOR e PROEP para o período de 1995 a 2002; para o período de 2003 a 2010, nos programas e ações: fortalecimento e expansão da Rede Federal de Ensino Técnico, criação da Rede e-TEC Brasil, no programa Brasil Profissionalizado; por fim, no acordo de gratuidade com o Sistema S. Essa é uma pesquisa documental e bibliográfica ancorada nos conceitos de “Estado” de (GRAMSCI, 1991).  É possível afirmar que no período estudado, as diferentes articulações entre a educação e o trabalho foram mediadas pelo Estado em âmbito federal por meio de políticas públicas voltadas à educação profissional as quais atenderam, em maior parte, aos interesses de organismos internacionais e grupos de empresários nacionais os quais requisitavam força de trabalho mais flexível adaptada as novas demandas do sistema produtivo na fase de acumulação flexível do capital.
Aspectos socio demográficos y calidad de vida en salud Bucal, del personal del municipio de Azogues – Ecuador
Authors: Dominguez-Crespo Cristina , Crespo-Crespo Cristina , Vallejo-Aguirre Fernando , Garcia-Rupaya Carmen , Evangelista-Alva Alexis , Del Castillo- López Cesar
Published: April 2019

Objetivo: Asociar los aspectos socio demográficos y la calidad de vida en salud bucal del personal del Municipio de Azogues – Ecuador. Material y métodos:  La presente constituye una investigación transversal, descriptiva, observacional misma que investigó a 185 adultos, aplicándoles una encuesta para determinar aspectos relacio- nadas a datos personales, determinantes sociales y uso de servicio odontológico. Seguido se indagó sobre el im- pacto de la salud bucal en la calidad de vida utilizando el cuestionario validado Ohip –14Sp. Se efectúo análisis univariado y bivariado. Para el estudio bivariado se utilizó el Odds Ratio (OR) para asociar los factores mencio- nados con la calidad de vida relacionada a la salud bucal (CVRSB). Se contó con un nivel de confianza del 95% y un p<0,05. Resultados: No se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa al evaluar todas las variables con CVRSB; el grupo con la mayor prevalencia de impactos según el nivel de instrucción fueron Universitarios con un 46%; según el ingreso mensual, los de ingreso mensual menor a $1000 con un 66%; de acuerdo a la denominación laboral los trabajadores con un 53%; de acuerdo al motivo de consulta, fueron otras causas 39%. Sin embargo, a pesar de que no hay una asociación significativa, se puede apreciar que el sexo masculino fue el más impactado. Conclusiones: Las determinantes sociales y CVRSB no estuvieron asociados. Las dimensiones limitación funcional, dolor físico y obstáculos fueron las más frecuentes.
Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas de padres/ cuidadores sobre salud bucal en el distrito de Ventanilla
Authors: Victorio-Pérez Jhoana , Mormontoy-Laurel Wilfredo , Díaz-Pizán María Elena
Published: April 2019

Objetivos: Determinar la relación entre los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas de padres/cuidadores y el estado de salud bucal de sus niños de 3 a 5 años de edad pertenecientes al Centro Educativo Inicial (C.E.I)  N° 120 “Casuarinas”, Distrito de Ventanilla. Material y Métodos: El estudio fue de tipo transversal y observacional. Se contó con la participación de 79 niños de 3 a 5 años de edad y sus respectivos padres/cuidadores. El análisis univariado de las variables cuantitativas se realizó mediante el cálculo de la media y desviación estándar (medidas de resumen), y de las variables cualitativas mediante la determinación de proporciones. La evaluación de la higiene bucal fue realizada según Green y Vermillion mediante el índice de higiene oral simplificado (IHO-S) y de caries dental según Gruebbel (índice ceo-d). Además, se evaluó la relación entre conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas (CAP) y caries dental e higiene bucal mediante el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman. Resultados: Se encontró una prevalencia de caries de infancia temprana (CIT) de 82,3%, un ceod de 5,24 y un IHO-S de 1,56 en los niños evaluados. No se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa entre los índices ceo-d e IHO-S de los niños y conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre salud bucal de sus padres/cuidadores, excepto en actitud. Conclusiones: Se encontró un nivel regular de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas, y una relación moderada estadísticamente significativa entre actitudes de los padres/cuidadores y el estado de salud bucal  de sus niños (Índice ceo-d, p < 0,05; IHO-S, p < 0,05).
Importancia de los índices simplificados en el diagnóstico y estudio de los Trastornos Temporomandibulares
Authors: Alvarado-Menacho Sergio
Published: April 2019

Desde que se definieron a los Trastornos Temporomandibulares (TTMs), en la época de Costen, ha sido muy difícil poder identificarlos y diferenciarlos, en un primer momento se les estudió desde el punto de vista clínico pero al observar su origen multifactorial y ver que era un problema que afectaba a gran parte de la población, se le dio una mayor importancia desde el punto de vista epidemiológico; se clasificaron y se estudiaron enfocando dos grandes áreas, una los de origen muscular y la otra de origen óseo articular, las herramientas de estudio clínico se volvieron cada vez más complejas y posteriormente al observar que tenían un componente psicosocial, se extendió el estudio hacia ese campo. El objetivo de ésta revisión es mostrar la importancia que tienen los índices y test simplificados en el diagnóstico y estudio epidemiológico de los Trastornos Temporomandibulares. Se realizó una búsqueda No sistemática de trabajos relacionados con el tema de índices y test simplificados y validados en el estudio de los TTMs. Existen distintos índices con los cuales se pueden identificar los TTMs y que permiten poder realizar estudios epidemiológicos a gran escala los que habiendo sido validados con exámenes clínicos más detallados permiten obtener resultados similares. Los índices simplificados especialmente el índice simplificado de Fonseca permiten identificar y estudiar tanto clínica como epidemiológicamente los TTMs.
Architectures for Green-Field Supply Chain Integration - Supply Chain Integration Design
Authors: Radanliev Petar
Published: April 2019

This paper applied case study research to design architectures for green-field supply chain integration. The integration design is based on a case study of a supply chain integration of 5 companies, operating in different, but supply chain complimenting industry sectors. The case study research is applied to design and validate the architectures in a real world scenario. The supply chain integration architectures enable the conversion of individual into integrated strategies. The architectures are categorised and the process develops into a conceptual system for identifying the correlations between individual participants’ strategic areas of interest and the integrated supply chain areas of interest. The novelty of this paper is a conceptual system for green-field supply chain integration architectures, which can be applied in real world by supply chain practitioners.
Effect of Mg and Nano-TiO2 on the Marine Protective Properties of Zn-Al Coatings
Authors: Wang Kunkun , Wang Shouren , Xiong Tianying , Wen Daosheng , Wang Gaoqi , Liu Wentao , Du Hao
Published: April 2019

According to research, we have learned that Mg and TiO2 are new types material of marine protective coatings. We found that the addition of Mg can improve the performance of Zn-Al coating passivation film, and TiO2 has excellent photocatalytic self-cleaning performance. In this paper Zn-Al pseudo alloy coating was prepared by cold spray technique, and Zn-Al-Mg-TiO2 pseudo alloy composite coating was prepared by adding Mg and nano-TiO2. The effects of Mg and TiO2 to the marine protective properties of Zn-Al coatings were studied by friction and wear test, dynamic salt water corrosion test, electrochemical test, scanning electron microscope(SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS) and super deep scene 3D microscope. The results show that the addition of Mg and nano-TiO2 not only fills the gap of the coating and improves the density of the coating, but also generates grid-like flocculent corrosion products on the surface of the coating which can gather other corrosion products to improve the density of corrosion products, reduce the friction coefficient and corrosion rate of the coating surface, effectively prevent the invasion of Cl- in solution, and improve the wear and corrosion resistance of the coating.
Structural Change Analysis of Cerianite in Weathered Residual Rare Earth Ore by Mechanochemical Reduction Using X-ray Absorption Fine Structure
Authors: Kato Tatsuya , Tsunazawa Yuki , Liu Wenying , Tokoro Chiharu
Published: April 2019

Prolonged high-intensity grinding can modify the crystal structure of solid substances and/or induce chemical reaction, which is referred to as mechanochemical reaction. Such reactions can exert positive influences on hydrometallurgical processes, therefore, many researchers have applied mechanochemical reactions for metals dissolution from minerals. The mechanism of mechanochemical reaction has been investigated using solid analyses and simulations. Structural changes caused by mechanochemical reaction are not yet sufficiently clarified because the ground samples are amorphous. The objective of this study was to analyze structural changes of cerianite in weathered residual rare earth ore by mechanochemical reduction. Structural change was analyzed by x-ray absorption near-edge structure and extended x-ray absorption fine structure analysis at the cerium LIII- and K-edges. These analyses revealed that the structural change of cerianite in this ore induced by mechanochemical reduction involved oxygen vacancy production. The process of the oxygen vacancy formation was closely coupled with the quantum effect of localization–delocalization of the 4f electron of cerium.
In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation and Methane Production of PUFA-Containing Rations as Treated by Flavonoid and Essential Oil from Piper betle L.
Authors: Purba Rayudika Aprilia Patindra , Paengkoum Pramote , Yuangklang Chalermpon
Published: April 2019

This study had the objective to evaluate the effect of Piper betle L. powder (PP) at 5 different doses in substrate incubated by sunflower oil as secondary function of PUFA using in vitro gas production technique. The treatments of this study were run as a 2X5 factorial arrangement in a completely randomised design using the PROC GLM procedure of SAS 9.4: (1) control (S1) without supplementation of PP; (2) 15 mg PP (S2); (3) 30 mg PP (S3); (4) 45 mg PP (S4); and (5) 60 mg PP (S5), while sunflower oil was supplemented in all treatments: low 15 mg/incubation and high 30 mg/incubation. A 500 mg of TMR (hay: concentrate, 50:50) was assigned to basal substrate. The PP containing 1.84 mg/g DM quercetin and 1.00 mg/g DM eugenol altered rumen fermentation without change pH (p < 0.001) and methane production was lesser (p < 0.001) about -30% and -25% for DM and OM measurement, respectively. Gas kinetic, degradability, and ammonia level was significantly affected by supplementing PP (p < 0.01). Overall, this study suggested quercetin and eugenol deriving from PP acted three major accelerations: assembled carbon dioxide, behaved antimicrobial role and performed the balance water molecules in the rumen kinetic. This study suggests that PP promotes changing in vitro rumen fermentation and diminishing methane production within recommended doses, 0.1-15 mg/incubation in DM.
Digital Supply Chains for Industry 4.0 - Taxonomy of Approaches
Authors: Radanliev Petar
Published: April 2019

Engineering the supply chain requires a design that possesses the flexibility of a complex adaptive system, consisting of interlinking architecture, with external dimensions and system germane internal elements. The complexity of the subject, the multiple environments, dimensions, elements and concepts, require a research that does not set any limits to the conceptual, analytical or empirical nature of the existing approaches present in practice. This present the rational for applying a taxonomy approach to investigate the integration engineering of supply chain architecture, design and engineering, and building a framework for integrating the existing supply chain approaches. The objectives of this paper are to critically analyse the key supply chain concepts and approaches, to assess the fit between the research literature and the practical issues of supply chain architecture, design and engineering, and to develop a methodology that could be used by practitioners when integrating supply chain architecture and design with strategy engineering. Taxonomy approach is applied to consider criteria for strategy architecture, hierarchical strategy design, strategy engineering, and integration of supply chain architecture, design and engineering as a conceptual system. The results from this paper derived with the findings that the relationship between supply chain architecture, design and engineering is weak and challenges remain in the process of adapting and aligning operations. This paper also derived with a novel approach for addressing these obstacles, based on a new methodology. The novelty that derives from this paper is a methodology for integrating supply chain architecture, design and engineering, with criteria that enable decomposing and building a digital (new and non-existent) supply chain as a system. The paper revealed a number of tools and mechanism which enabled the development of a new methodology for integrating the architecture, design and engineering of a supply chain. The review derived with improvements to current and existing theories for analysing interdependencies within and between their individual contexts. This issue is addressed with a hierarchical method for network design, applied for building and combining the integration criteria.