bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION OF RELATIONS BETWEEN THE YIELD OF GOVERNMENT DEBT INSTRUMENTS AND THE KEY RATE OF THE BANK OF RUSSIA
Authors:   Chechen State University, Grozny, Russia, Demilkhanova Bela А.
Published: March 2022

In the article, based on the established relationships between indicators of the development of the government borrowing market and market rates, a representative debt market instrument is identified that is most sensitive to changes in market rates and flexibly protects investments from inflation. At the same time, the trends in the growth of the volume of public debt in recent years, the extent of the use of state debt obligations by organizations of the corporate banking sector in portfolio investments are taken into account. The correlation dependence between the change in the key rate of the Bank of Russia and the government securities index was assessed for two periods characterized by the Bank's monetary policy aimed at lowering or raising the market rate. In the context of a decrease in the key rate, there is an increase in market prices for debt instruments on the exchange market, which means a drop in their yield to maturity. The period of the key rate increase, which is characterized by an atypical situation for the exchange market: a weak inverse relationship between the studied indicators, was additionally studied on the basis of duration. As a result, it was found that bonds with a duration of 1–3 years were the most profitable, according to the evaluation results, since there was a close relationship between the profitability of investments in them and market rates: a decrease in market rates leads to an increase in their profitability.
EXPECTED INTEREST RATE AND ITS INFLUENCE ON COMMODITY PRICES
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Bugaev Michael V.
Published: March 2022

The subject of the study is the impact of the expected interest rate on commodity prices. The purpose of the work is to determine the degree of influence of the expected interest rate on commodity prices. Structural and conventional vector autoregression models were used. The period 1998–2020 allows us to consider the impact of the expected interest rate on commodities in dynamics. The results demonstrated that the expected interest rate, measured through futures contracts, has the opposite effect on the prices of most commodities. The effect of shock persists for 3-5 months. The direct contribution of the expected interest rate to the variance of the forecast does not exceed 20%, but the indirect effect through the dollar exchange rate can be seen from the results of the analysis of the decomposition of the variance. The use of the expected interest rate for forecasting commodity prices is justified due to the better efficiency, according to the coefficient of average absolute error, compared with the “naïve” model. The results obtained can be used by investors and managers as an additional factor in the formation of deposit portfolios.
PROBLEMS OF EVALUATION AND MEASUREMENT OF EFFICIENCY IN CONSULTING ORGANIZATIONS
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Bezrukov Dmitriy A.
Published: March 2022

The article examines the methods of improving the effectiveness of consulting companies at the present stage. Based on empirical data, it is shown that knowledge is the main asset of consulting organizations. This applies equally to employees. Therefore, many highly appreciate the opportunity to replenish their assets: improve skills, perform complex and meaningful work. The skills and knowledge of employees must meet the requirements of consulting organizations. Since each project requires different skills, it is necessary to acquire and analyze specialists with certain industry competencies at an early stage. Employee loyalty to the firm is a vital aspect of improving productivity. Therefore, it is important for a consulting company to find out the factors influencing the commitment of employees to it, including tangible and intangible incentives.
REGULATORY AND LEGAL BASES OF THE MECHANISM OF BUDGET FINANCING OF SUBURBAN PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION BY RAIL ON THE TERRITORY OF THE SUBJECTS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Service under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Filichev Grigory A.
Published: March 2022

The analysis of the concept of suburban passenger transportation is carried out, the current state of regulatory and legal support for budget financing of such transportation is studied. Legal gaps have been identified for a number of parameters of the functioning of the suburban passenger complex.
Strategi Pengembangan Objek Wisata Danau Mare Sebagai Destinasi Ekowisata di Kabupaten Katingan
Authors: Novi Iskandarsyah  , Petrus S. Senas  , Panji Surawijaya
Published: March 2022

Danau Mare adalah salah satu objek wisata di Kabupaten Katingan yang potensinya saat ini belum dikembangkan secara optimal, meski keindahannya telah dikenal masyarakat sekitar. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan strategi pengembangan objek wisata Danau Mare. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi lapangan, dokumentasi, dan wawancara dengan responden kunci. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan metode SWOT untuk mengetahui kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang serta ancaman yang ada, dan untuk mendapatkan strategi yang terbaik. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa  objek wisata Danau Mare dapat dikembangkan dengan mempertahankan keberadaan potensi yang telah ada dan membangun situs-situs sejarah sebagai daya tarik wisata. Pemerintah perlu bekerjasama dengan pihak lain dalam pengembangan sarana dan prasarana, dan atraksi wisata yang berbasis keunikan sosial budaya (tradisi masyarakat).
Kondisi Hutan Tropis Lahan Kering Berdasarkan Struktur dan Komposisi Jenis Tegakan (Studi Kasus Pada PT. Sindo Lumber Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah, Indonesia)
Authors: Raden Mas Sukarna  , Nisfiatul Hidayat  , Marlina Seprida Tambunan
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi hutan lahan kering sekunder (blok tahun 2016) dan hutan lahan kering primer (blok tahun 2018) yang didasarkan pada struktur dan komposisi jenis tegakan tingkat semai, pancang, tiang dan pohon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa struktur hutan seperti huruf J terbalik yang berarti kondisi struktur hutan primer dan sekunder normal. Jumlah jenis yang ditemukan dalam petak ukur di blok tahun 2016 adalah 54 dan di blok 2018 adalah 50 jenis. Nilai indek keragaman jenis (H’) pada blok tahun 2016 dan 2018 berkisar antara 2,7-3,35 (tinggi), nilai indeks kemerataan jenis antara 0,83-0,93 (tinggi) dan nilai indeks kekayaan jenis antara 5,10-7,73 (tinggi) untuk semua tingkat pertumbuhan. Berdasarkan nilai-nilai tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa kondisi hutan baik pada hutan sekunder maupun hutan primer tergolong baik dan ideal.
Medical Investigation and Clinical Changes in the Early Phases of Post Burn Adult Inpatients as Indicators for Prompt Infection Diagnosis, in the Hospital for Burn and Plastic Surgery, Sulaimanyah, Iraq
Authors: Abdilkarim Dana
Published: March 2022

Background: Burn injury is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Burn related hospital acquired infections is one of the major problems in the management of these injuries.
Aim of the study: To elaborate on the early laboratory and microbial culture changes in adult burn inpatients, and to make use of subtle changes in the laboratory investigations, to predict and detect infections in burn victims, in its early phases.
Patients and Methods: A Clinical observational study included a random sample of one hundred adult burn inpatients from Sulaymaniyah Burn Hospital, admitted from April 2019 to January 2021, retrospectively and prospectively followed up during the course of the study.
Results: thirty one (31%) patients were male and 69% were female, all patients were adults and aged ≥18 years. 51 % of them had mix II-III degree burns, while 38% second and 11% third degree burns. Hematocrit decreased, total WBC count increased while platelet in most of the patients was normal. Blood urea was increased, Serum creatinine levels were normal in most of the patient in first three weeks of their admission. Eleven patients  (11%) died. Whereas 36% of the patients who died had Total Body Surface Area burn of more than 60%, while 72% of them had II and III degree burns. Also 90% of the patients had infections, majority of the isolate results were Gram-negative bacteria (66.8%), and (33.2%) were Gram-positive. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (32.5%) was the most common gram negative. The Staphylococcus aureus (33.2%) was the gram positive organism recovered. While 66.6% of patients had fever during the first week, 55.5% of patients had fever in second week. Most of the patients, who had fever, were infected with S.aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa throughout the second week post burn.
Conclusion and recommendations; Many laboratories and microbial parameter changes occur in the early phases of post burning, of which Leukocytosis can be a good predictor for infection in burns, especially when it happens in the second week and beyond. Yet it cannot distinguish gram negative from gram positive bacterial infections. To detect any change in the back ground laboratory parameters, as soon as they happen, infections in burns can be detected or suspected
Higher Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus Among Patient with Nonarteritic Ischemic Optic Neuropathy
Authors: Almaliky Ahmed , Mansoor Hani , Alabbood Majid
Published: March 2022

Background: The association of diabetes mellitus, nighttime blood pressure dipping and nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy is inconclusive. There has been no study to test this association among Arab Patients.

Objectives: This study aims to test the association between diabetes mellitus, nighttime blood pressure dipping and nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy among cohort of patients from Basrah, Southern Iraq.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on patients with nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy conducted at the ophthalmology clinic at Faiha Teaching Hospital in 2018. Patients with nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy were screened for diabetes mellitus. Ambulatory blood pressure monitor was attached to some of the participants for 24 hours. Nighttime blood pressure dipping was classified into 4 categories:  normal, blunted, severe and reverse.

Results: A total of 74 patients with nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy were included. Females constituted 64.9 % of the cases. Forty patients (53.3%) were found to have diabetes mellitus. While 41 participants (55.5 %) were hypertensive. Nocturnal dipping of blood pressure was measured in 38 patients. Only 6 (15.7%) of them had severe dipping.

Conclusions: There may be an association between diabetes mellitus but not nighttime blood pressure dipping with nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy.
Implications related to Bank’s Customers Satisfaction (The case of Albanian banks grouped by the origin of shareholder’s capital)
Authors: Ilollari Orkida , Meçe Manuela , Ribaj Artur
Published: March 2022

This study focuses on the much debatable issue of customer satisfaction (quality matching expectations) in the banking system, as for banks are the main actors of the Albanian financial system. In fact, the customer satisfaction in the banking sector is an important criterion for customer to differentiate and build their loyalty toward the bank, consequently increasing the odds for loyal customers towards more than a service of the bank. Previous studies and research suggest that consumer perceptions and their expectations are likely to differ as per their customer satisfaction. This particular study examines implications related to bank’s customers satisfaction for Albanian banks which for study purpose are grouped in two different clusters based on the origin of shareholder’s capital. Satisfied customers are an important advantage for any business likewise banks. The difference is made by customer satisfaction and loyalty created through some components on the behavior of bankers serving to their customers. The SERVQUAL model that is the pillar of this article methodology, whereas structured and semi structured questionnaire is the instrument for performing the survey. A sample of 246 respondents which are banks customers from cluster 1 (local capital origin) is used for the qualitative research. The results of this study help bankers in order to maintain their business indicators in a highly competitive market and other stakeholders for identifying the implications faced in the banking industry in Albania. To achieve this, the Bank must conduct frequent research regarding customer expectations and respond to customer complaints with precise corrective actions.
Una visión comparada de las constituciones de 1863 y 1886
Authors: Rodríguez Sanabria Vladimir , Rodríguez Alexander Monroy
Published: March 2022

El artículo hace un análisis comparado de la forma de estado entre las constituciones de 1863 y 1886, ayudado por el contexto histórico, para mostrar de manera crítica las realidades de lo que ha significado el Estado Federal y el Estado Central en Colombia y como el partidismo ha desfigurado estos conceptos, afectando el sentido propio de las regiones y también a la caracterización de la nación colombiana.  Se concluye que el federalismo y el centralismo aún siguen siendo puntos de debate y, también, que debe permitirse espacios de democracia y la participación para facilitar propuestas que construyan una tercera vía, respecto las formas de equidistantes de estado.
Gobernanza del recurso hídrico subterráneo en el municipio de Yopal
Authors: Bernal Rincón Johana Paola , Parra Claudia Lucia , Corredor R Lina Marcela , Chavarro R Julián
Published: March 2022

El presente artículo se enfoca en analizar cómo se involucran los actores institucionales, sociales y el individuo con miras a la protección del recurso hídrico subterráneo, para así evaluar su rol dentro de la gobernanza. Este objetivo se desarrolla a través de la recolección de información por medio del trabajo de campo, la revisión normativa y bibliográfica, así como encuestas y entrevistas, permitiéndose el acercamiento cualitativo para conocer las conductas adoptadas frente a este recurso vital. Los resultados de la investigación muestran que hay una desarticulación entre los distintos actores, quienes operan de forma independiente y según sus criterios individuales y de allí la tesis central, la crisis en el manejo del agua, por lo que al tener conocimiento del estado actual se plantea alternativas que permitan superar esta problemática, con miras a promover una real protección y uso sostenible del recurso hídrico subterráneo.
Relaciones extrarregionales en Patagonia. Discusión a partir del análisis de artefactos foráneos elaborados sobre el caracol terrestre Mtegalobulimus
Authors: Zubimendi Mikel , Gordillo Sandra
Published: March 2022

Los caracoles terrestres Megalobulimus habitan principalmente zonas tropicales y subtropicales de Sudamérica. Su presencia en contextos arqueológicos es relativamente común en su área de distribución natural, pero también se encuentran artefactos en diversas partes del Cono Sur. En este trabajo, a partir de un análisis de materiales y bibliográfico, hemos podido identificar 12 sitios en la Patagonia en los que se encuentran artefactos elaborados sobre esta materia prima foránea. Algunos de estos hallazgos se ubican a distancias de hasta 2000 km de su fuente probable de procedencia y se recuperaron en diferentes ambientes, como la costa norte de Santa Cruz, la meseta central y las estribaciones orientales de la cordillera de los Andes. Se realiza un análisis morfológico de la variabilidad de estos objetos adorno-colgantes y se compara con los datos disponibles para la región central del país, donde existen evidencias de manufactura local y una mayor diversidad. Se analizan los contextos de hallazgo y otros aspectos vinculados con la existencia de extensas áreas de intercambio que conectaron distintos tipos de sociedades y posibilitaron el traslado de estas piezas por largas distancias que permitieron relacionar la Patagonia con el centro del país a lo largo de casi 4000 años.
A Se···O bonding catalysis approach to the synthesis of calix[4]pyrroles
Authors: Tong Qingzhe , Zhao Zhiguo , Wang Yao
Published: March 2022

Described herein is a chalcogen bonding catalysis approach to the synthesis of calix[4]pyrrole derivatives. The Se···O bonding interactions between selenide catalysts and ketones gave rise to the catalytic activity in the condensation reactions between pyrrole and ketones, leading to the generation of calix[4]pyrrole derivatives in moderate to high yields. This chalcogen bonding catalysis approach was efficient since only 5 mol % catalyst loading was used to promote the consecutive condensation processes while the reactions could be carried out at room temperature, thus highlighting the potential of this type of nonclassical interactions in catalyzing relative complex transformations.
THE IMPACT OF EARTHWORKS ON OLDER TREES IN HISTORICAL PARKS
Authors: Łukaszkiewicz Jan , Fortuna-Antoszkiewicz Beata , Borowski Jacek
Published: March 2022

The publication aims to investigate the quantitative impact of linear earthworks in urban parks, e.g. during roads’ and pavements’ modernization in the old trees’ root zones, on the increment in their external parameters (e.g. trunk circumference). Pilot studies (Warsaw, Poland) were carried out 2003–2019 in two historical parks: Ursynów and Królikarnia. The dataset of trees’ parameters is based on detailed dendrological inventories. Test groups consisted of trees exposed to damage and not exposed to damage (Ursynów) and the control group – trees growing in unchanged site conditions (Królikarnia). Among the three most abundant species of dendroflora, Norway maples (Acer platanoides L.) show the most visible difference (>1.8 cm) between the normal and the inhibited growth in trunk circumference. Two other species – black locusts (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) and small-leaved limes (Tilia cordata Mill.) – also revealed statistically significant differences in the increment of the trunk circumference (respectively: >1.3 cm and >1.4 cm). In general, the reaction of affected trees was a significant reduction of circumference increments from 2.6 to 4.0 times concerning trees not exposed to damage. The verification made with the resistograph in 2019 confirmed a statistically significant decrease in radial increments of trees remaining in the impact zone of the earthworks.
Comparison of the minor actinide transmutation efficiency in models of a fast neutron uranium-thorium fueled reactor
Authors: Korobeinikov Valery V. , Kolesov Valery V. , Mikhalev Aleksandr V.
Published: March 2022

In terms of nuclear raw materials, the issue of involving thorium in the fuel cycle is hardly very relevant. However, in view of the large-scale nuclear power development, the use of thorium seems to be quite natural and reasonable. The substitution of traditional uranium-plutonium fuel for uranium-thorium fuel in fast neutron reactors will significantly reduce the production of minor actinides, which will make it attractive for the transmutation of long-lived radioactive isotopes of americium, curium and neptunium that have already been and are still being accumulated.

Due to the absence of uranium-233 in nature, the use of thorium in the nuclear power industry requires a closed fuel cycle. At the initial stage of developing the uranium-thorium cycle, it is proposed to use uranium-235 instead of uranium-233 as nuclear fuel.

Studies have been carried out on the transmutation of minor actinides in a fast neutron reactor in which the uranium-thorium cycle is implemented. Several options for the structure of the core of such a reactor have been considered. It has been shown that heterogeneous placement of americium leads to higher rates of its transmutation than homogeneous placement does.
Writing Anarchism with History from Below
Authors: Ferguson Kathy
Published: March 2022

This paper looks to the writing strategies and scholarly expectations of 'History from Below' to help develop anarchist historiography. These radical historians stress six major elements necessary to engaging past radical movements: voice, agency, sources, responsibility, care and accuracy,
and democratisation. Radical historians also offer models of connecting individuals, groups, and larger structural levels of analysis. Consideration of the strengths and weaknesses of writing history from below can suggest politically and intellectually useful practices to scholars of anarchist
history.
'Federation or Death': The Beginnings and Early Ideology of Cypriot Anarchism
Authors: Pastellopoulos Antonis
Published: March 2022

The article presents a first overview of the emergence and early development of anarchism in the Republic of Cyprus, utilising archival material. It contextualises Cypriot anarchism within the broader wave of political ideas making their appearance after the island's de-facto partition
in 1974, tracing the formation of the first anarchist groups and the circulation of early Cypriot anarchist publications. It moves on to briefly discuss three key historical moments of anarchist political expression, followed by an examination of early Cypriot anarchist political ideology,
noting the general commitment towards social and political autonomy, as well as the influence of radical feminism, anti-authoritarianism and postcolonial thought. It then moves on to examine the issue of grand narration in early anarchist representations of Cypriot history, concluding with
Cypriot anarchist perspectives on the federal reunification of Cyprus.
Le partage des données vu par les chercheurs : une approche par la valeur
Authors: Rebouillat Violaine
Published: March 2022

Le propos de cet article porte sur la compréhension des logiques qui interviennent dans la définition de la valeur des données de la recherche, celles-ci pouvant avoir une influence sur les critères déterminant leur motivation au partage. L’approche méthodologique repose sur une enquête qualitative, menée dans le cadre d’une recherche doctorale, qui a déployé 57 entretiens semi-directifs. Alors que les travaux menés autour des données sont focalisés sur les freins et motivations du partage, l’originalité de cette recherche consiste à identifier les différents prismes par lesquels la question de la valeur des données impacte la motivation et la décision de leur partage. L’analyse des résultats montre que, tous domaines confondus, la valeur des données reste encore cristallisée autour de la publication et de la reconnaissance symbolique du travail du chercheur. Les résultats permettent de comprendre que la question du partage est confrontée à un impensé : celui du cadre actuel de l’évaluation de la recherche, qui met l’article scientifique au cœur de son dispositif. Ce travail contribue donc à montrer que l’avenir du partage des données dépend des systèmes alternatifs futurs d’évaluation de la recherche, associés à la science ouverte.
Noninvasive monitoring system forTenebrio molitor larvae based on image processing with a watershed algorithm and a neural net approach
Authors: Baur A. , Koch D. , Gatternig B. , Delgado A.
Published: March 2022

Due to the increase of the human world population, modern-day research is looking for new methods of protein exploitation. Therefore the authors conducted a joint research project with the goal to automate the breeding ofTenebrio molitor as a novel protein source. An important task is to monitor the size of larvae in order to control the rearing process. In this work, a suitable algorithm is presented to measure the size distribution of the population. It is a combination of classical image processing functions and a neural net to enhance the dataset for a more reliable result. The output can be used to determine the most efficient time for harvesting. First, a grayscale picture of the insects in one box is taken and binarised by a threshold algorithm. The connected objects in this image are separated by an irregular watershed algorithm that delivers separate segments of larvae. Not all single segments can be used for measuring the size distribution; therefore, an artificial neural network is used for a classification. In the end, the algorithm separates the segments given by the watershed and categorises them into four categories: good segments, medium segments, bad segments, and artefacts. The good segments have a recall rate of 91.4%. In the end, the identified segments can be used to establish a method for determining the size distribution and, thus, to document the growth of the larvae.
Dynamics in a predator-prey model with memory effect in predator and fear effect in prey
Authors: Yang Ruizhi , Jin Dan
Published: March 2022

The spatial memory effect in predator and fear effect in prey are incorporated in a diffusive predator-prey model. We are interested in studying the dynamics generated by the memory effect and fear effect, and mainly study the local stability of coexisting equilibrium, the existence of Hopf bifurcation and the property of Hopf bifurcation. Through the numerical simulations, we show that increasing memory-based diffusion coefficient is not conducive to the stability of the coexisting equilibrium, and the fear effect has both stabilizing and destabilizing effect on the coexisting equilibrium under different parameters.
Periodic stationarity conditions for mixture periodic INGARCH models
Authors: Almohaimeed Bader S.
Published: March 2022

This paper proposes strict periodic stationarity and periodic ergodicity conditions for a finite mixture integer-valued GARCH model with $ S $-periodic time-varying parameters that depend on the state of an independent and periodically distributed regime sequence. In this model, the past conditional mean values depend on the past of the regime variable in the same order, so the model is characterized by path-regime dependence. We also propose sufficient conditions for periodic stationarity when the conditional means are nonlinear of past observations. The results are applied to various discrete conditional distributions.
Cutaneous malignant melanoma incidence is strongly associated with European depigmented skin type regardless of ambient ultraviolet radiation levels: evidence from Worldwide population-based data
Authors: You Wenpeng ,   Biological Anthropology and Comparative Anatomy Unit, Adelaide Medical School, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia, Henneberg Renata , Coventry Brendon J , Henneberg Maciej ,   Discipline of Surgery, University of Adelaide, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia,   Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Published: March 2022

Current public health advice is that high ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure is the primary cause of Malignant Melanoma of skin (CMM), however, despite the use of sun-blocking products incidence of melanoma is increasing. To investigate the UVR influence on CMM incidence worldwide WHO, United Nations, World Bank databases and literature provided 182 country-speciﬁc melanoma incidence estimates, daily UVR levels, skin colour (EEL), socioeconomic status (GDP PPP), magnitude of reduced natural selection (Ibs), ageing, urbanization, percentage of European descendants (Eu%), and depigmentation (blonde hair colour), for parametric and non-parametric correlations, multivariate regressions and analyses of variance. Worldwide, UVR levels showed negative correlation with melanoma incidence (“rho” = −0.515, p < 0.001), remaining significant and negative in parametric partial correlation (r = −0.513, p < 0.001) with other variables kept constant. After standardising melanoma incidence for Eu%, melanoma correlation with UVR disappeared completely (“rho” = 0.004, p = 0.967, n = 127). The results question classical views that UVR causes melanoma. No correlation between UVR level and melanoma incidence was present when Eu% (depigmented or light skin type) was kept statistically constant, even after adjusting for other known variables. Countries with lower UVR levels and more Eu% (depigmented or light skin people) have higher melanoma incidence. Critically, this means that individual genetic low skin pigmentation factors predict melanoma risk regardless of UVR exposure levels, and even at low-UVR levels.
Imaginer la possibilité de la guerre nucléaire pour y faire face
Authors: Pelopidas Benoît
Published: March 2022

Comment les citoyens peuvent-ils se figurer la possibilité de la guerre nucléaire pour y faire face politiquement ? Pour répondre à cette nouvelle question, cette intervention s’inscrit dans la lignée des travaux sur la culture populaire visuelle et avance trois arguments. D’abord, elle réaffirme le rôle essentiel de l’imagination et de la forme fictionnelle. Ensuite, elle identifie quatre gestes esthétiques qui rendent la possibilité de la guerre nucléaire imaginable. Enfin, à partir d’une étude de la culture populaire visuelle portant sur la catastrophe nucléaire de 1951 à 2019, elle requalifie la période post-1990 comme moment de production d’un imaginaire dans lequel la guerre nucléaire est absente et les armes potentiellement salutaires, par contraste avec les quatre décennies précédentes. Elle s’appuie sur des matériaux empiriques inédits : une campagne d’entretiens auprès de ceux qui perpétuent, luttent contre, filment ou éduquent au sujet de la guerre nucléaire, en France, au Royaume-Uni et aux États-Unis ainsi qu’un sondage de grande ampleur de la population des États européens dotés d’armes nucléaires ou hébergeant des armes nucléaires américaines.
De la « guerre contre le terrorisme » aux guerres sans fins : la co-production de la violence en Afghanistan, au Mali et au Tchad
Authors: Charbonneau Bruno , Debos Marielle , Hanon Jean-Paul , Olsson Christian , Wasinski Christophe
Published: March 2022

Quels sont les effets des interventions armées menées au nom de la « guerre contre le terrorisme » ? Fondé sur des études de cas localisées, en Afghanistan, au Mali et au Tchad, l’article invite à repenser les présupposés de l’interventionnisme et montre pourquoi la « guerre contre le terrorisme » ne peut être « gagnée » au sens classique du terme et comment elle contribue à perpétuer les conflits et à miner leur résolution. Si chaque configuration est singulière, on retrouve dans ces trois pays des processus similaires de perpétuation des conflits et de co-production de la violence armée par un ensemble d’acteurs internationaux et locaux.
Ce que la « guerre au terrorisme » fait à la justice
Authors: Guittet Emmanuel-Pierre , Mégie Antoine , Weill Sharon
Published: March 2022

En matière de droit pénal et de droit de la procédure pénale, ces vingt dernières années ont été marquées par deux mutations majeures : le rapprochement du droit pénal et du droit des conflit armés d’une part et la prépondérance des logiques de prévention et d’anticipation d’autre part. La guerre au terrorisme a contribué à remettre en cause les fondements mêmes du droit pénal libéral. Que reste-t-il du rôle essentiel d’apaisement des désirs de violence lorsque la justice pénale elle-même participe au cycle de vengeance ?
Entre le licite et l’illicite : mobilités humaines, marchés et militarisation des contrôles dans le monde post-bipolaire
Authors: Peralva Angelina , Telles Vera
Published: March 2022

La fin du monde bipolaire a ouvert la voie à une intensification sans précédent des mobilités humaines et marchandes. Autant sous forme d’un gouvernement des frontières que d’un gouvernement des villes, des dispositifs similaires de contrôle ont été mis en place. Ils se sont appuyés sur la capacité à cerner des frontières ou des espaces mouvants à sécuriser, et sur une militarisation à outrance des techniques et technologies de sécurisation. La même suspension de la loi et des droits, observable sur le plan de ces dispositifs de contrôle et sécurisation, se retrouve dans le mode opératoire de marchés – financiers, mais aussi économiques ou du travail. Tous transitent avec aisance entre le légal et l’illégal, le licite et l’illicite, sous le regard bienveillant des opérateurs de la loi. Ces questions sont abordées à partir de recherches franco-brésiliennes et du point de vue des transversalités nord-sud.
Entropy scale factor may explain gravity, dark matter, and the expansion of space
Authors: Watson Christopher N.
Published: March 2022

The entropy scale factor (ESF) is a novel theory proposing that the scale of time and space change depending on entropy, and that this change underlies special relativity, gravity, and the expansion of space. In special relativity, as the relative velocity of objects increases, there are more possible combinations of momentum and position within the moving frame due to the uncertainty principle. This increase in possible microstates represents an increase in entropy, which can be correlated with the time dilation and length contraction of special relativity. The ESF predicts that an observer in an empty region of space taking measurements near an entropic object will measure time to run more slowly and lengths to appear longer in the direction of entropy. These changes in scale would warp of spacetime, causing gravity. For objects with low acceleration, gravity can be approximated by the time dilation component only. For a single star, this approximation predicts a gravitational field similar to that of Newtonian gravity. For a constellation of stars, the ESF predicts that gravity will be stronger than in Newtonian gravity, because time dilation is added as a scalar sum, instead of the vector sum used in Newtonian gravity. Adding fields as a scalar sum avoids the cancelling out that comes with vectors pointed in different directions, leading to increased gravitational acceleration. This effect could explain galaxy rotation dynamics and the gravitational lensing of galaxies without the need for dark matter. Additionally, the ESF would cause space to expand as the entropy of the universe increases. This is because the entropy of a spherical boundary changes only the radial dimension, so as the entropy encoded on the boundary increases time within the boundary slows down more quickly than the volume decreases. Given the constant speed of light, an observer inside such a boundary will experience the increasing volume to time ratio as the expansion of space. Accordingly, the rapid increase in entropy in the early universe would cause a rapid expansion of space, possibly explaining the homogeneity of the large-scale structure of the universe without the need for inflation. In our recent universe, the increasing rate of entropy production due to black holes may explain the accelerating expansion of space, without the need for dark energy.
The QED-physical theory of electron spin and quantum entanglement
Authors: Wilson James H.
Published: March 2022

The QED-Physical (QED-P) theory described in four previous papers [J. H. Wilson, Phys. Essays 28, 1 (2015); 29, 402 (2016); 31, 59 (2018); 34, 17 (2021)] is combined with QED into a single theory in this paper, since both are based on the same Dirac
Equation four current c(α,I). QED couples this four-vector with an external electromagnetic (EM) field and uses covariant perturbation theory to produce results that are very accurate computationally [M. L. Eides et al., Phys. Rep. 342, 63 (2001)], except
for the electron self-energy, which is infinite. The reason for QED’s accuracy is its Dirac equation velocity operator, cα, with highly unusual properties compared to classical velocity vectors. QED could not produce highly accurate answers without the 4 × 4
complex matrix cα as the electron “velocity operator.” QED-P starts with the same Dirac Equation four current used so successfully in QED, and the discrete internal spatial and time coordinate operators (ISaTCOs) are derived in QED-P to give the electron internal
structure a very specific, but highly, nonclassical geometric description with no ad hoc assumptions. The QED/QED-physical (QED-P) unification theorem is stated and proved in Sec. VII. However, one should ask what new physical measurements are predicted by QED-P
that are not determined by the very accurate QED? The answer is none yet, due to the very rapid fluctuation of the ISaTCOs with a period of ∼6.4 × 10−22 s. This induced electron field fluctuation is in addition to any vacuum fluctuation that
exists without the electron field present. This paper presents a highly speculative, but testable, experiment, in which the ISaTCO rapid fluctuations may be confirmed indirectly as the physical basis of field quantum entanglement (QE). The electron’s ISaTCO produce a digital internal
clock that’s locked out of phase with its entangled positron, and they communicate spin states at the phase speed of 2c2/vCoM. The communication of spin state information is instantaneous for vCoM = 0 but “slows down” to 4c at
vCoM = 0.5c, still very fast.
Rethinking special relativity, spacetime, and proposing a discontinuum
Authors: Taylor Emory , Iyer Rajan
Published: March 2022

Following Einstein’s 1954 speculation that it is possible physics is based on a discontinuum theory, and that the continuum concept along with space and time must be discarded, the discovery of a new interpretation of the constancy of the speed of light leads to the discovery
of three systems of measure used by inertial observers, which leads to rethinking the concept of spacetime and re-designing the foundations of physics.
The Recognition of Microscopic Images of Ceramics Incorporating Blockchain Technology
Authors: Qiu Yuanxin , Xu Xing , Cheng Xien
Published: March 2022

Having summarized the previous research on ceramic identification and the anti-counterfeiting, the authors propose a ceramic identification system that combines computer vision algorithms with blockchain technology. The system uses irregular pores on microscopic images of ceramic surfaces as image features, and it applies the SIFT(Scale-invariant feature transform) algorithm to extract feature. The images and feature vector sets are then stored by IPFS(Inter-planetary File System). When a consumer needs to authenticate a ceramic product, it is only necessary to take a microscopic image of the specified location, and then the SIFT algorithm will compare the picture with the data stored in the IPFS network, and was previously obtained through the records on a blockchain network, the matching result then determines whether the photographed ceramic is one of those already recorded. Experimental show that the matching results can be used as a strong basis for identifying the origin of ceramic products.
Resilience and Adaptation of the SME Sector in an Emerging Economy
Authors: Vargas-Hernández José G. , Ali Muhammad Mahboob
Published: March 2022

This paper aims to analyze the implications of innovative adaptation in strategic organizational resilience in SMEs. It is assumed that organizational resilience has a strategic role designed and implemented to promote organizational community resilience, adaptive innovation, and achieve success after a disaster. The method employed is based on the reflective and analytical review of the theoretical and empirical literature to clarify the relevant topics about the innovation in strategic organizational resilience. It is concluded that innovative adaptation and engineering resilience strategies promote organizational resilience as the capability to self-renew through innovation.
Studies on AC Conductivity and Dielectric Properties of Conducting Polyaniline-AgO Nanocomposites
Authors: Kulkarni Anandrao S. , Prasad M.V.N. Ambika , Inamdar Hajeebaba K. , Chaudhari Vijendra A.
Published: March 2022

Polymers with metal oxide materials constitute a new class of polymer composite materials, that integrates materials science and technology. Chemical oxidation of aniline is carried out for PANI (PANI) and in-situ polymerization for PANI/AgO nanocomposite materials. Characterization tools such as XRD and SEM were used. The AC conductivity and dielectric behavior are investigated in the frequency range 100 to 2MHz at room temperature. It is observed that, the AgO nanoparticles in the PANI matrix have a greater influence on the AC conductivity and dielectrics.
Studies on Structural, Infrared and Optical Properties of Cobalt Ferrite Thin Film Grown by Spray Pyrolysis Technique
Authors: Kharat Balasaheb , Magar Vikas , Rathod Sagar , Chaudhari A.A. , Malode V.B.
Published: March 2022

Thin film of cobalt ferrite has been deposited on glass substrate by a chemical spray pyrolysis technique using methanol solutions at 400◦C substrate temperature. The uniformly deposited thin film were annealed at 500 ◦C and studied their structural, infrared and optical properties using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV-Vis spectroscopy (UV-Vis), respectively. The X-ray diffraction patterns revealed single phase cubic spinel structure with space group Fd-3m. The fundamental absorption bands related to octahedral and tetrahedral sites were confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum.The formation of cubic spinel crystal structure of the CoFe2O4 thin filmwere confirmed from exhibited strong absorption peaks around 530.21 and 451.48 cm−1 by FT-IR spectra.The optical properties of the deposited thin film were studied by an absorbance spectrum found at 315 nm. The value of energy bandgap (2.4 eV) wasinvestigated by Tauc plot.The obtained results indicate the fabricated thin film is promising material for various applications.
Maintenance Scope Optimization, through a Real Time Prediction of Risk of Failure
Authors: Sepe Marzia , Ruggiero Gionata , Leto Alessandro , Mordacci Gabriele , Agresta Adolfo
Published: March 2022

Capital intensive industrial assets require highly specialized maintenance activities. Traditional preventive time-based approach, based on OEM maintenance policies, has been gradually evolving towards more sophisticated condition-based maintenance techniques. Further ISO 55000 states that assets exist to provide value to the organization and its stakeholders (BS ISO 55002, 2014). To develop a successful and modern maintenance program, it suggests having a value-based approach when dealing with maintenance decisions, both financial and non-financial constrains needs to be evaluated when decision taken regarding maintenance actions. Higher values can be reaped from an asset when the maintenance intervals are optimized. By optimization it is envisaged that the right number and type of maintenance tasks, at the right intervals, in the right way is performed on the asset to maximize the risk reduction within available budgetary constraints.

The paper presents an overview of an analytics framework for predictive maintenance service boosted by Machine Learning and asset knowledge, applied to turbomachinery assets. Optimization of the maintenance scenario is performed through a risk model that assesses online health status and probability of failure, by detecting functional anomalies or aging phenomena and evaluating their impact on asset serviceability.
Mitigating Early Pile Refusal to Meet Foundation Capacity Requirement for Offshore Platform
Authors: Abdul Rahman Ahmad Rizal , Raja Badrol Raja Sharifuddin Ahmad , Muhammad Daud Mohd Hafis , Nasri Huang Noorizal
Published: March 2022

The scope of this paper is to present the issues faced during pile installation for offshore platforms specifically due to early refusal and its implication to the required platform foundation capacities. The scope of the paper will include a discussion on pre-development activities, soil reports, drivability analysis, pile and conductor installation using jack-up rig (JUR) and advantages of drill and drive to mitigate early refusal.

Soil parameters obtained from soil boring during pre-development activity are used by the design consultant as upon relied information in developing the foundation design. Pile termination depth is formulated based on required pile capacity than translate into number of piles and size for both operating and storm condition of the platform. Early refusal means that the pile has not reached the termination depth but has met the refusal criteria. This is normally stated in blowcounts per depth at a given measured depth. Meeting the pile refusal criteria does not mean the pile has met the required foundation capacity as per platform design but it only indicates the pile cannot be driven further using the same hammer size. A larger hammer size maybe required provided that the stresses induced during driving is lesser than the allowable stress. During engineering stage, pile driving pattern can be predicted by performing pile drivability analysis and any sign of pile refusal prior to target penetration depth is reported. The outcome can be different for upper bound and lower bound cases that takes into consideration both continuous and set-up case during driving due to equipment breakdown. Mitigation to avoid pile refusal should be deployed to meet pile target penetration depth in ensuring long-term integrity of the platform.

If unavoidable due to limited piles and hammers selection, early refusal can be mitigated with planned drill and drive. Refusal can also occur if actual site condition differs from expected drivability analysis report. Internal skin friction contributed by the soil in the pile annulus is removed to reduce the resistance during pile driving. It is also critical to understand how JUR operates in terms of pile installation, handling of hammer and clean out activities to fully appreciate the complexities of drill and drive.

Based on two recent JUR-installed light weight structure (LWS) projects which is similar in design at two different locations, this paper will outline the notable difference in soil boring data, drivability analysis, planned and unplanned hard driving and corresponding methods on drill and drive.