bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Water, Energy and Carbon Tradeoffs of Groundwater Irrigation-Based Food Production: Case Studies from Fergana Valley, Central Asia
Authors: Karimov Akmal Kh. , Amirova Iroda , Karimov Aziz A. , Tohirov Abdullo , Abdurakhmanov Botir
Published: January 2022

In arid environments, water shortages due to over-allocation of river flow are often compensated by lift irrigation or pumping groundwater. In such environments, farmers using pumped irrigation can deploy on-farm energy-efficient and water-saving technologies; however, pumping water requiring extra energy is associated with carbon emissions. This study explores how to increase crop production using pumped irrigation with minimal energy and carbon emissions. The purpose of this research is twofold: first, to examine on-farm energy consumption and carbon emissions in gravity and groundwater irrigation systems; and second, to explore system-level alternatives of power generation and water management for food production based on the results from the farm-level analysis. This study employs a novel system-level approach for addressing water, energy, and carbon tradeoffs under pumped irrigation using groundwater. These tradeoffs are assessed at farm and system levels. On-farm level estimates showed that farm-level interventions were insufficient to produce mutual gains. According to the results of the system-level evaluation, system-level interventions for water and energy conservation, the use of renewable energy to pump water for irrigation, and river basin scale cooperation are all required to maintain crop production while reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions.
Spiral Emotion Labor and Teacher Development Sustainability: A Longitudinal Case Study of Veteran College English Lecturers in China
Authors: Ding Xiaowei , De Costa Peter I. , Tian Guoxiu
Published: January 2022

Because the current literature on teachers’ emotion labor (EL) mainly focuses on strategies and how EL correlates with relevant factors in the educational context, EL is generally treated as static and synchronic. The purpose of this study is to explore two veteran English lecturers’ dynamic and diachronic EL development over the span of nearly two decades of their professional careers in China. Based on qualitative data that included multiple interviews, class observations, teacher reflective notes, student feedback, and institutional documents, the 18-month longitudinal study found that (1) veteran college English lecturers have mixed emotions and pervasive EL throughout their professional development experience, (2) the teachers’ EL habitus has been shaped and reshaped by their life history in personal, relational, institutional, and sociohistorical contexts, and (3) their previous EL experiences have influenced their present EL practice, which in turn tends to predict their future EL preferences. In addition, our findings revealed that effective EL effort, especially in the form of actions combined with deep acting and genuine expression, is critical to the virtuous circle of EL and sustainable professional development of college English teachers. By contrast, ineffective EL effort, particularly the long-term surface acting of depressing negative emotions without eradicating the root causes or changing the unfavorable conditions, can impede the long-term sustainability of teacher development. Based on these findings, we conceptualize teachers’ EL as a contextual and dynamic process that takes the form of spiral circles that teachers encounter throughout their professional life. These spiral circles, we add, can be virtuous or vicious in nature, and can thus either facilitate or undermine, respectively, the sustainability of their professional development. Research implications, limitations, and future directions are also discussed.
Application of a Partial Nitrogen Lab-Scale Sequencing Batch Reactor for the Treatment of Organic Wastewater and Its N2O Production Pathways, and the Microbial Mechanism
Authors: Liu Ying , Ma Boyan , Liu Zhipei
Published: January 2022

Partial nitrification (PN) is a widely used wastewater treatment process. Here a lab-scale sequencing batch reactor for PN (PN-SBR) was constructed and run with artificial organic wastewater for 225 days. Results showed that the SBR reached a stable PN state after 174 days of operation and >98% of NH4+-N was removed and >60% was converted to NO2−-N with low effluent NO3−-N content. In a PN-SBR cycle at stage IV, the release of N2O was accompanied by the production of hydroxylamine, occurring mainly in the conversion from anaerobic to aerobic phases, and the amount of N2O produced was about 6.3% of the total nitrogen. The N2O isotopic signature results suggested that hydroxylamine oxidation was the main pathway for N2O production. Illumina MiSeq sequencing results showed that Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phyla throughout the operation period. Many heterotrophic nitrifiers were significantly enriched, leading to ammonia removal and nitrite accumulation, including Acidovorax, Paracoccus, Propionibacteriaceae_unclassified, Shinella, Comamonas and Brevundimonas. Representative strains were isolated from the reactor and they were capable of efficiently producing nitrite from ammonia. These results provide a guide for the direct running of PN reactors for treating organic wastewater and help to understand the microbial processes and N2O release pathways and the microbial mechanism of partial nitrification.
Coupling versus Decoupling? Challenging Evidence over the Link between Economic Growth and Resource Use
Authors: Bithas Kostas , Kalimeris Panos
Published: January 2022

With the UN indicating that climate objectives are well off track, the dependency of the economy on resources remains a crucial issue demanding holistic consideration. As a key global sustainability issue, the linkage between resource use and economic growth has long been under heated debate. The increasing amount of resources used for economic growth has elevated environmentalists’ concerns over resource scarcity and environmental impacts, suggesting the existence of coupling between resources and the economy. In contrast, the declining Material Intensity (MI)—resources needed to produce one unit of Gross Domestic Product (GDP)—has led to optimism for many economists and decision makers with far reaching implications for resources and economic policies. Through novel divergence indicators by using long-term datasets, we find that there has been increasing divergence between total and per capita resources use and MI at both the global and the national level. This increasing divergence is due to the faster growth in the total and per capita amount of resources rather than the reduction in the amount of resources per unit of GDP (MI). These divergences indicate underappreciated challenges and opportunities for sustainable economic growth, resource management and implementation of circular economy policies.
Silicon Fertigation Regimes Attenuates Cadmium Toxicity and Phytoremediation Potential in Two Maize (Zea mays L.) Cultivars by Minimizing Its Uptake and Oxidative Stress
Authors: Saleem Muhammad Hamzah , Parveen Abida , Khan Shahid Ullah , Hussain Iqbal , Wang Xiukang , Alshaya Huda , El-Sheikh Mohamed A. , Ali Shafaqat
Published: January 2022

Silicon (Si) is an important plant-derived metabolite that is significantly involved in maintaining the stability of a plant’s metabiological, structural and physiological characteristics under the abiotic stressed environment. We conducted the present study using maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars (Sadaf and EV-20) grown in sand artificially contaminated with cadmium (500 µM) in Hoagland’s nutrient solution to investigate its efficiency. Results from the present study evidenced that the toxic concentration of Cd in sand significantly reduced shoot length, root length, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight and root dry weight by 88, 94, 89, 86 99 and 99%, respectively, in Sadaf while decreasing by 98, 97, 93, 99, 84 and 91%, respectively, in EV-20. Similarly, Cd toxicity decreased total chlorophyll and carotenoid content in both varieties of Z. mays. Moreover, the activities of various antioxidants (superoxidase dismutase, peroxidase and catalase) increased under the toxic concentration of Cd in sand which was manifested by the presence of membrane permeability, malondialdehyde (MDA), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Results additionally showed that the toxic effect of Cd was more severe in EV-20 compared with Sadaf under the same conditions of environmental stresses. In addition, the increased concentration of Cd in sand induced a significantly increased Cd accumulation in the roots (141 and 169 mg kg−1 in Sadaf and EV-20, respectively), and shoots (101 and 141 mg kg−1 in Sadaf and EV-20, respectively), while; EV-20 accumulated higher amounts of Cd than Sadaf, with the values for both bioaccumulation factor (BAF) and translocation factor (TF) among all treatments being less than 1. The subsequent negative results of Cd injury can be overcome by the foliar application of Si which not only increased plant growth and biomass, but also decreased oxidative damage induced by the higher concentrations of MDA and H2O2 under a Cd-stressed environment. Moreover, external application of Si decreased the concentration of Cd in the roots and shoots of plants, therefore suggesting that the application of Si can ameliorate Cd toxicity in Z. mays cultivars and results in improved plant growth and composition under Cd stress by minimizing oxidative damage to membrane-bound organelles.
The Trajectories, Trends, and Opportunities for Assessing Urban Ecosystem Services: A Systematic Review of Geospatial Methods
Authors: Zaman-ul-Haq Muhammad , Saqib Zafeer , Kanwal Ambrina , Naseer Salman , Shafiq Muhammad , Akhtar Nadia , Bokhari Syed Atif , Irshad Azeem , Hamam Habib
Published: January 2022

Urban ecosystem services (UES) are indispensable for life. Stakeholders are improvising strategies for a more sustainable provisioning of UES. For this purpose and for identifying orientations towards geospatial data in UES studies, the “bibliometric analysis” technique was deployed. The inclinations facilitate assessments pertaining to spatio-temporal oscillations in the supply–demand equilibrium. The propensities are gaining recognition due to time and cost effectiveness. Besides this, Remote Sensing (RS) in conjunction with Geographic Information System (GIS), enables the conduct of synoptic and robust periodic evaluations. The study analyzes inclinations towards RS in contemporary research (2010–2020) focusing, particularly, on urban ecosystem services. It specifically focuses on methodological frameworks and major sources of remotely sensed data. Therefore, a total of 261 records of research articles were identified and retrieved. Subsequently, 79 articles were selected for further processing and content analysis. It transpired that approximately 30% of the selected publications deployed remotely sensed data for assessment purposes. The majority (96%) of such studies were conducted in economically developed and industrialized countries. However, the researchers from both developed and developing countries prefer open software and free data sources. Besides this, they prefer satellite-based optical sensors over image sensors such as TIR, SAR, or light sensors for acquiring data. The findings formulate that Land Use Land Cover (LULC)-based methodologies and inclinations for assessing regulating services are more frequently pursued. The findings revealed that enhanced research collaborations, access to data, and assessment gadgets are obligatory for capacity building in developing regions. Knowledge sharing and cost-effective access to RS and GIS based platforms are incumbent for ensuring urban environmental sustainability in developing economies.
Supply Chain Sustainability during COVID-19: Last Mile Food Delivery in China
Authors: Lin Yinan , Marjerison Rob Kim , Choi Jeonghwan , Chae Chungil
Published: January 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic triggered a strict 100-day lockdown period in Spring of 2020 in China. One of the consequences of the lockdown was the disruption of the food supply chain for the millions of people confined to their homes. The well-established online food delivery service (OFDS) in China were disrupted by pressure to scale up rapidly to resolve the last mile of food delivery. The importance of the OFDS during periods of crises became apparent, as did the realization that uninterrupted food distribution was only possible due to the presence and scalability of the existing delivery network. Focusing on the importance of an established OFDS as a foundation for food distribution, this paper seeks to explore factors that affect consumers’ perception and acceptance of the retail food delivery system in urban China. By applying the extended theory of planned behavior (TPB), mean value calculation, univariate linear regression, and multiple linear regression have been adopted to test the hypotheses. Data obtained online from 260 participants demonstrate that the software’s characteristics concerning hedonic motivation (HM), convenience motivation (CM), perceived ease of use (PEOU), navigational design (ND), information quality (IQ), privacy and security (PS), restaurant credibility (RC), and perceived severity (Psev) have positive and significant impacts on customers’ intention to use (ITU), and thus, affects the actual use (AU) of the application in a positive way. The findings of this research contribute to the existing literature by consolidating, validating, and extending the TPB model, especially under the large-scale public health crisis circumstances. Customized practical insights are provided to emphasize developing HM, CM, Psev, and RC factors with maximal marginal effects that promote consumer acceptance; this is a prerequisite to the development of a robust OFDS. which can be repurposed during periods of crises to provide sustainable last-mile food delivery networks.
Establishment of an Eleven-Freedom-Degree Coupling Dynamic Model of Heavy Vehicle-Pavement
Authors: Liang Bo , Xiao Jinghang , Shi Shirong
Published: January 2022

Considering the actual situation of moving vehicles acting on road surfaces, a dynamic model of a heavy vehicle–road coupling system was established based on the traditional vehicle–road vibration model. Firstly, a seven-degree-of-freedom vehicle model was established, and the vibration characteristics of the road subsystem were considered part of the whole system. The excitation effect of road roughness on the vehicle model was considered, and the dynamic model of the coupling system was finally obtained by combining the displacement compatibility principle of the contact relationship between the wheels and the road surface. The results show that the maximum bending value of the surface course reaches 2.37 mm. The maximum shear stress in the middle part of the surface course is 43,858 Pa. The vertical dynamic stress in the middle part of the surface course is larger, reaching 119,373 Pa, while the value of the vertical dynamic stress in the subgrade is much smaller, reaching 5824 Pa. The coupling dynamic model can reflect the relationship between the moving vehicle and the road and the dynamic performance, which not only provides theoretical support for the design parameters of heavy-duty vehicles but also provides a reference for the design of road durability.
Active Control Model for the “FAST” Reflecting Surface Based on Discrete Methods
Authors: Wang Yanbo , Xiong Yingchang , Hao Jianming , He Jiaqi , Liu Yuchi , He Xinpeng
Published: January 2022

Radio telescopes are important for the development of society. With the advent of China’s Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST), adjusting the reflector panel to improve the reception ability is becoming an urgent problem. In this paper, an active control model of the reflector panel is established that considers the minimum sum of the radial offset of the actuator and the non-smoothness of the working paraboloid. Using the idea of discretization, the adjusted position of the main cable nodes, the ideal parabolic equation, and the expansion of each actuator are obtained by inputting the elevation and azimuth angle of the incident electromagnetic wave. To find the ideal parabola, a univariate optimization model is established, and the Fibonacci method is used to search for the optimal solution h=−0.33018 (offset in the direction away from the sphere’s center) and the focal diameter ratio f=0.4671 of the parabolic vertex. The ideal two-dimensional parabolic equation is then determined as x2−555.25z−166757.2=0, and the ideal three-dimensional paraboloid equation is determined to be z=(x2+y2)/555.25−300.33018. Moreover, the amount of the nodes and triangular reflection panels are calculated, which were determined to be 706 and 1325, respectively. The ratio reception of the working paraboloid and the datum sphere are 9.434% and 1.3898%, respectively. The latter is calculated through a ray tracing simulation using the optical system modeling software LightTools.
Revealing Neutrino Oscillations Unknowns with Reactor and Long-Baseline Accelerator Experiments
Authors: Gil-Botella Inés , Palomares Carmen
Published: January 2022

Reactor and accelerator-based neutrino experiments have played a critical role in the understanding of neutrino oscillations and are currently dominating the high-precision measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters. The discovery of a non-zero θ13 by the reactor experiments has opened the possibility of observing CP violation in the lepton sector by long-baseline accelerator experiments. The current knowledge of the neutrino oscillation parameters will be expanded upon in the near future through more precise measurements, including the discovery of the neutrino mass ordering and the CP-violating phase. This review summarizes the distinct and complementary approach of reactor and accelerator-based neutrino experiments to measure neutrino oscillations. The main scientific achievements of the Double Chooz reactor neutrino experiment and the science program to be developed by the DUNE long-baseline neutrino experiment with the world’s most intense neutrino beam are presented in this article. Spain has strongly contributed to these results and will continue to play a prominent role in the neutrino oscillation program in the coming years.
Rapid Biosensor of SARS-CoV-2 Using Specific Monoclonal Antibodies Recognizing Conserved Nucleocapsid Protein Epitopes
Authors: Lee Jong-Hwan , Jung Yujin , Lee Sung-Kyun , Kim Jung , Lee Chang-Seop , Kim Soohyun , Lee Ji-Seon , Kim Nam-Hoon , Kim Hong-Gi
Published: January 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is characterized by symptoms such as fever, fatigue, a sore throat, diarrhea, and coughing. Although various new vaccines against COVID-19 have been developed, early diagnostics, isolation, and prevention remain important due to virus mutations resulting in rapid and high disease transmission. Amino acid substitutions in the major diagnostic target antigens of SARS-CoV-2 may lower the sensitivity for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. For this reason, we developed specific monoclonal antibodies that bind to epitope peptides as antigens for the rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 NP. The binding affinity between antigenic peptides and monoclonal antibodies was investigated, and a sandwich pair for capture and detection was employed to develop a rapid biosensor for SARS-CoV-2 NP. The rapid biosensor, based on a monoclonal antibody pair binding to conserved epitopes of SARS-CoV-2 NP, detected cultured virus samples of SARS-CoV-2 (1.4 × 103 TCID50/reaction) and recombinant NP (1 ng/mL). Laboratory confirmation of the rapid biosensor was performed with clinical specimens (n = 16) from COVID-19 patients and other pathogens. The rapid biosensor consisting of a monoclonal antibody pair (75E12 for capture and the 54G6/54G10 combination for detection) binding to conserved epitopes of SARS-CoV-2 NP could assist in the detection of SARS-CoV-2 NP under the circumstance of spreading SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Analysis of the Origin and Dissemination of HIV-1 Subtype C in Bulgaria
Authors: Alexiev Ivailo , Mavian Carla , Paisie Taylor , Ciccozzi Massimo , Dimitrova Reneta , Gancheva Anna , Kostadinova Asya , Seguin-Devaux Carole , Salemi Marco
Published: January 2022

HIV-1 subtype C is the most abundant strain of HIV-1 infections worldwide and was found in the first known patients diagnosed with HIV/AIDS in Bulgaria in 1986. However, there is limited information on the molecular-epidemiological characteristics of this strain in the epidemic of the country. In this study, we analyze the evolutionary history of the introduction and dissemination of HIV-1 subtype C in Bulgaria using global phylogenetic analysis, Bayesian coalescent-based approach, and molecular clock methods. All available samples with HIV-1 subtype C from individuals diagnosed with HIV/AIDS between 1986 and 2017 were analyzed. Men and women were equally represented, and 24.3% of patients reported being infected abroad. The global phylogenetic analysis indicated multiple introductions of HIV-1 subtype C from various countries of the world. The reconstruction of a Bayesian time-scaled phylogenies showed that several Bulgarian strains segregated together in clusters, while others were intermixed in larger clades containing strains isolated from both European and non-European countries. The time-scale of HIV-1 subtype C introductions in Bulgaria demonstrates the early introduction of these viruses in the country. Our in-depth phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses are compatible with a scenario of multiple early introductions in the country followed by limited local distribution in the subsequent years. HIV-1 subtype C was introduced in the early years of the epidemic, originating from different countries of the world. Due to the comprehensive measures for prevention and control in the early years of the epidemic in Bulgaria, HIV-1 subtype C was not widely disseminated among the general population of the country.
Tolerability of the BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccine during Pregnancy among Polish Healthcare Professionals
Authors: Zdanowski Wojciech , Markiewicz Agnieszka , Zdanowska Natalia , Lipińska Janina , Waśniewski Tomasz
Published: January 2022

The tolerance and safety of vaccination in pregnancy should be assessed in local populations based on ethnic differences across countries. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the tolerability of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination in pregnancy in a Polish population. An online questionnaire enquiring about the safety and tolerability of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine was distributed to pregnant and non-pregnant female healthcare professionals who had voluntarily received one or two doses of the COVID-19 vaccine in Poland. The two groups were compared simultaneously considering the COVID-19 infection status before vaccination. Compared with that noted in the control group, pregnant women in the COVID-19-free group were less likely to have fever (p = 0.002) or gastrointestinal symptoms (p = 0.009) after the second dose. In the COVID-19-exposed group, pregnant women were less likely to experience local skin reactions (p = 0.009), and myalgia (p = 0.003) after the first dose. After the second dose, the only noticeable difference was a lower incidence of myalgia (p = 0.001) in pregnant women. The tolerability of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine was similar in both the groups. No severe local, generalised, or pregnancy complications related to mother or foetus were observed. Good tolerability of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in pregnancy in the Polish population may facilitate the decision to vaccinate pregnant women against COVID-19.
Protection and Alleviated Inflammation Induced by Virus-like Particle Vaccines Containing Plasmodium berghei MSP-8, MSP-9 and RAP1
Authors: Lee Su-Hwa , Chu Ki-Back , Kang Hae-Ji , Quan Fu-Shi
Published: January 2022

Virus-like particles (VLP) are a highly efficient vaccine platform used to present multiple antigenic proteins. Merozoite surface protein 8 (MSP-8), 9 (MSP-9) and rhoptry-associated protein 1 (RAP1) of Plasmodium berghei are the important proteins in erythrocyte invasion and the replication of parasites. In this study, we generated three VLPs expressing MSP-8, MSP-9 or RAP1 together with influenza virus matrix protein M1 as a core protein, and the protection and alleviated inflammation induced by VLP immunization were investigated. Mice were immunized with a mixture of three VLPs, MSP-8, MSP-9 and RAP1, and challenge-infected with P. berghei. As a result, VLPs immunization elicited higher levels of P. berghei or VLPs-specific IgG antibody responses in the sera upon boost compared to that upon prime and naive. Upon challenge infection with P. berghei, higher levels of CD4+ T cell and memory B cell responses in the spleen were also found in VLPs-immunized mice compared to non-immunized control. Importantly, VLP immunization significantly alleviated inflammatory cytokine responses (TNF-α, IFN-γ) both in the sera and spleen. VLP vaccine immunization also assisted in diminishing the parasitic burden in the peripheral blood and prolonged the survival of immunized mice. These results indicated that a VLPs vaccine containing MSP-8, MSP-9 and RAP1 could be a vaccine candidate for P. berghei infection.
In Vitro Neuroprotective Effect of the Bovine Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell Conditioned Medium Mediated by Downregulation of IL-1β, Caspase-3, and Caspase-9 Expression
Authors: Larasati Vinny A. , Lembang Gregorius V. , Tjahjono Yudy , Winarsih Sugi , Ana Ika Dewi , Wihadmadyatami Hevi , Kusindarta Dwi L.
Published: January 2022

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and conditioned medium (CM) derived from human umbilical blood cord stem cells (HUBSC) are now being extensively utilized. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) have the same ability as HUBSC as an option for autologous therapy. In addition, cell therapy using HUVECs may produce protective signals for cerebral vessels and promote neuronal survival after hypoxic–ischemic damage. HUVECs have the same anatomical and physiological structure as bovine umbilical vein endothelial cells (BUVECs). In this study, we aim to determine the ability of BUVEC-CM to reduce inflammation and apoptosis on in vitro neurodegeneration models (PC12 and SH-SY5Y cell lines). BUVEC-CM obtained from the third and fourth passages were analyzed using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS), while the other part was used as a treatment for in vitro model neurodegeneration. The PC12 and SH-SY5Y cell lines were cultured and grouped into seven different treatments, including untreated cells. As the treatment group, cells were given TMT 10 µM in the presence of different doses of CM (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%); as a control comparison of recent therapy, donepezil was used. In addition, cells with the administration of TMT 10 µM were run as a positive control. Cell viability assay (CCK-8) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were performed to identify the viability and expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), caspase-3, and caspase-9 for both PC12 and SH-SY5Y cells. The results showed that BUVEC-CM could significantly reduce IL-1β expression and downregulate caspase-3 and caspase-9, as well as when compared to the donepezil group. Taken together, these results indicate that BUVEC-CM can be used as a potential candidate for neuroprotective agents by reducing the activity of IL-1β and the expression of caspase-9 and caspase-3 in PC12 and SH-SY5Y cells induced by TMT. However, further research still needs to be conducted.
First Evidence of Natural SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Domestic Rabbits
Authors: Fritz Matthieu , de Riols de Fonclare Daphné , Garcia Déborah , Beurlet Stéphanie , Becquart Pierre , Rosolen Serge G. , Briend-Marchal Alexandra , Leroy Eric M.
Published: January 2022

We tested 144 pet rabbits sampled in France between November 2020 and June 2021 for antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by microsphere immunoassay. We reported the first evidence of a natural SARS-CoV-2 infection in rabbits with a low observed seroprevalence between 0.7% and 1.4%.
Cytauxzoon sp. Infection and Coinfections in Three Domestic Cats in Central Italy
Authors: Antognoni Maria Teresa , Rocconi Francesca , Ravagnan Silvia , Vascellari Marta , Capelli Gioia , Miglio Arianna , Di Tommaso Morena
Published: January 2022

Cytauxzoonosis is an emerging disease caused by a tick-transmitted haemoprotozoan affecting domestic and wild felids. The clinical and biomolecular findings of the infection due to Cytauxzoon sp. and concomitant coinfections are described in three cats in central Italy. Three domestic cats were referred for different clinical conditions (impact trauma, lameness, and weight loss and lethargy). They presented different hematobiochemical profiles. Only two cats were anemic, but in all three cats, endo erythrocyte inclusions suggestive of piroplasmids were found at blood smear evaluation. EDTA blood samples were submitted to rapid ELISA test for feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV), and to biomolecular investigations for Piroplasmida (Babesia spp., Theileria spp., Cytauxzoon spp.) and Mycoplasma spp. All three cats were positive for Cytauxzoon sp. (European Cytauxzoon species) and two cases were also coinfected by Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis and FIV. This report suggests that cytauxzoonosis should be included among differential diagnoses in subjects with possibility of contact with ticks and with presence of coinfections by tick-borne parasites, including in non-endemic areas.
Degradation of Reactive Brilliant Red X-3B by Photo-Fenton-like Process: Effects of Water Chemistry Factors and Degradation Mechanism
Authors: Cheng Gong , Wan Jing , Li Qin , Sun Lei , Zhang Yibo , Li Zhang , Dang Chenyuan , Fu Jie
Published: January 2022

Azo dye wastewater belongs to the highly concentrated organic wastewater, which is difficult to be treated by traditional biological processes. The oxidation efficiency of a single physicochemical method is not considerable. Recent research indicated that the advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) based on the highly reactive hydroxyl radical (∙OH) became one of the preferred methods in dealing with such dye wastewater. In this paper, the typical azo dye, reactive brilliant red X-3B, was employed as the target pollutant, and the transition metal Mn and hydrogen peroxide as the catalysts. A photo-Fenton-like process, UV/Mn2+-H2O2 system, was established, which enables a combination of various technologies to improve azo dye degradation efficiency while reducing disposal costs. The results indicated that the UV/Mn2+-H2O2 system had the synergism of Mn2+/H2O2 and UV/H2O2, which was 2.6 times greater than the sum of the two individual effects. And the degradation of X-3B reached the optimum under the conditions of 0.59 mmol/L of the Mn2+, 10 mmol/L of the H2O2, pH = 6 and a high level of DO. The ∙OH, generated from chem-catalytic and photocatalytic decomposition of H2O2, played the predominant role in the decolorization of X-3B and mineralization of its intermediates. The ∙OH tended to attack and break the chromophore group, resulting in the rapid decolorization of X-3B. The azo bond in X-3B was easy to be decomposed in the form of N2, while the triazinyl group was recalcitrant for ring opening. The degradation process of the UV/Mn2+-H2O2 system preferred to be conducted at an acidic condition and appropriate concentrations of Mn2+ and H2O2. The alkaline condition would decrease the utilization of H2O2, and excessive H2O2 would also quench the ∙OH.
Hydrological Drought Forecasting Using Machine Learning—Gidra River Case Study
Authors: Almikaeel Wael , Čubanová Lea , Šoltész Andrej
Published: January 2022

Drought is one of many critical problems that could arise as a result of climate change as it has an impact on many aspects of the world, including water resources and water scarcity. In this study, an assessment of hydrological drought in the Gidra River is carried out to characterize dry, normal, and wet hydrological situations by using the Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute (SHMI) methodology. The water bearing coefficient is used as the index of the hydrological drought. As machine and deep learning are increasingly being used in many areas of hydroinformatics, this study is utilized artificial neural networks (ANNs) and support vector machine (SVM) models to predict the hydrological drought in the Gidra River based on daily average discharges in January, February, March, and April of the corresponding year. The study utilized in total 58 years of daily average discharge values containing 35 normal and wet years and 23 dry years. The results of the study show high accuracy of 100% in predicting hydrological drought in the Gidra River. The early classification of the hydrological situation in the Gidra River shows the potential of integrating water management with the deep and machine learning models in terms of irrigation planning and mitigation of drought effects.
Maironio autoredagavimas: neapsisprendimo dėl pakeitimų pernaša
Authors: Gervytė Dovilė
Published: January 2022

Dovilė Gervytė
The Self - editing of Maironis’ Late Poetry:
the Transport of Indecision Over Revisions

S u m m a r y

The 20th century Lithuanian writer Maironis is known for his collection of poems called
The Voices of Spring. It was reprinted five times during the author’s lifetime and contains revisions made by the poet himself. Yet the strongest textual evidence of doubt, rejection, and pondering upon poetical decisions is to be found in the surviving manuscripts (drafts). The reconstructed dynamics of the textual variation within the fragments (a verse or a word phrase) or the segments (a stanza or the whole structure) of seven different poems within those drafts reveal intricate genetic interference between the units of the poems’ texts. The case of self-editing in Maironis manuscripts suggests that the concept of textual variation may be interpreted as the process of transferring the doubt – which concerns the decision whether the textual variant is to be accepted as suitable for the textual situation or to be rejected altogether – within the segments of a particular poem or between its versions, or even different poems (e.g., Vakarop Mintys and Dienų Sielvartai). Based on the macrogenetic analysis of Maironis’ drafts, the former trend of self-editing was called ‘the transport of indecision over revisions’. This concept was concluded by creating models and schemes of the micro- and macrogenetic changes reconstructed from the manuscripts. The interpretative manner of the research – the formation of the avant-texte alongside the application of the analogy of molecular transportation in biochemistry – also inspired the more general reflections. For example, the idea of indecision being transported over revisions helped to consider both the overall dynamics of genetic processes in Maironis’ manuscripts and the individuality of the particular acts of self-editing. As for the latter, the poet tended to edit his works so that the attributes assigned to a particular verse’s subject/object were altered most intensely, changing the semantics to achieve the most metonymical meaning of the verse. Revision of the more rigidly structured works – Maironis’ hymns – contained the indecision as to which of the two works would carry the actual hymn’s name and which would be called its ‘variant’ (as it is in the case of Šv. Aušros Vartų Marijai).
CorDon – A Deeply Annotated Digital Corpus of the Works of Kristijonas Donelaitis
Authors: Drach Mortimer
Published: January 2022

CORDON – KRISTIJONO DONELAIČIO TEKSTŲ
SKAITMENINIS GILIOSIOS ANOTACIJOS KORPUSAS

S a n t r a u k a

CorDon (https://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/cordon/menu/lt/startas.html) yra laisvai prieinamas leksiškai ir morfosintaksiškai anotuotas lietuvių literatūros klasiko Kristijono Donelaičio (1714–1780) lietuviškų tekstų korpusas. Anotuoti tekstai pateikiami paslankaus formato skaityklėje, kurioje galima aktyvuoti atskirus anotacijos sluoksnius, paralelius teksto leidimus ir vertimus į vokiečių, anglų ir italų kalbas. Paieškos grafinė naudotojo sąsaja įgalina paiešką visuose anotacijų sluoksniuose nenaudojant specialios užklausų kalbos ar reguliariųjų išraiškų. Šis paieškos metodas yra nepriklausomas nuo anotacijos schemos ir gali būti apibendrintas panašiu būdu anotuotiems tekstams. Anotacijos pagrindu sugeneruotame leksikone su konkordancija pagal antraštinį žodį (lemą) suregistruoti Donelaičio tekstų žodžiai. Intuityvi CorDon paieška sukonstruota taip, kad užklausą būtų galima palaipsniui tikslinti ir plėsti. Paieškos rezultatai pateikiami plačiam vartotojų ratui prieinama forma. CorDon gali pasitarnauti kaip skaitmeninis leidinys Donelaičio tekstų tyrėjoms bei tyrėjams, kaip anotuotas korpuso archyvas kalbininkėms bei kalbininkams arba kaip skaitymo korpusas mokymo(si) procese.
About the need to develop measures for the implementation of N 297-FZ "On self-propelled vehicles and other types of equipment"
Authors:   FGBNU ", Kostomakhin M. N. ,   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM",   , Moscow, Russia, Petrishchev N. A. ,   FGBNU "Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM", Moscow, Russia, Kazakova V. A. ,   FGBNU "Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM", Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2022

The article presents an analysis of GOST, NTD for maintenance, as well as control tests of energy-saturated tractors, which were developed by GOSNITI during the implementation of the "Integrated system of maintenance and repair of machinery in agriculture" in "Agricultural Machinery".
Use of thermal spray coating techniques in the reduction shaft powder materials
Authors:   FGBNU ", Slinko D. B. ,   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM",   , Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2022

Displaying gaspowder application of welding and spraying with wear-resistant coatings on worn surface camshafts. Developed the technology and rigging to rebuild worn camshafts . Cost of recovery camshafts does not exceed 40–60 of the cost of new ones.
Device for remote on-line monitoring of reliability parameters of agricultural machinery
Authors:   Federal state Budgetary Scientifi c Institution ", Kostomakhin M. N. ,   Federal scientific Agroengineering center VIM"
Published: January 2022

In article there is a description of the device which allows to transfer data (analog and digital signals) to the PC, through USB port, for processing and information collection about technical condition of the machine during its operation. The obtained diagnostic data are processed on a certain algorithm for calculation of the quantitative local indices of reliability of the machine, a detail or a node.
Experience and problems of implementing digital solutions, elements of precision farming and animal husbandry in agriculture of the Republic of Belarus
Authors:   Institute of System Research in Agro-industrial Complex of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Kovalev I. L. , Takun A. P. ,   Institute of System Research in Agro-industrial Complex of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Takun S. P. ,   Institute of System Research in Agro-industrial Complex of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Kostomakhin M. N. ,   Federal state Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal scientific Agroengineering center VIM"
Published: January 2022

The presented review article describes a number of some important developed, implemented and already used software products, information systems, and other digital solutions that are essential for the effective functioning of the agro-industrial complex of the republic. Important global trends in the development of modern agriculture are considered, the benefi ts received by farmers from the use of various digital technologies are discussed, the need to accelerate the current pace of introduction of various elements of precision farming and livestock systems into Belarusian agriculture is noted.
Mejora de los procesos administrativos en empresas que prestan servicios de climatización para cantón Portoviejo
Authors: Arias Zambrano Ivan Pericles , Palacios Cedeño Nohemí Monserrate
Published: January 2022

El objetivo del presente estudio consistió en evaluar la mejora, en los procesos administrativos en las empresas que prestan servicios de climatización del cantón Portoviejo, así mismo analizar qué tipo de etapas y directrices se integran en estas empresas, la manera como son evaluados y encaminados a su perfeccionamiento, de modo que al implementarlos se pueda obtener una eficacia en la aplicación de estos principios.  El trabajo se fundamentó en el método científico, en un análisis teórico bibliográfico en relación a las variables, se recurrió a un enfoque científico observacional, de tipo descriptivo, se utilizó el diseño de la investigación no experimental transversal y a un estudio de campo, con la aplicación de encuestas al personal administrativo de empresas dedicadas al área de la climatización en la ciudad de Portoviejo. Siendo que por la no aplicación de acciones que integran la mejora de servicio, se pierden clientes y por lo tanto no se efectúan transacciones que mejoran la liquidez en las empresas; esto se manifiesta en clientes insatisfechos sumándosele a estos un mal proceso administrativo y poca capacitación del personal técnico con nuevas estrategias, en función del avance tecnológico que se presenta
La lectura y TIC en procesos precurriculares. Perspectivas de docentes en contextos del confinamiento por Covid-2019
Authors: Moreira Bravo Gema Guadalupe , Ribadeneira Aroca Kepler , Toala Barahona Fernando
Published: January 2022

La alfabetización de los niños en los primeros años de la escuela primaria es vital para garantizar la formación de pensamiento crítico que será determinante para sus aprendizajes y para la vida. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar la perspectiva docente sobre los usos de la lectura y las TIC en procesos precurriculares de una escuela primaria de la periferia de Ecuador, bajo las condiciones establecidas por la declaratoria de emergencia y confinamiento a causa de la pandemia por el virus SARS-CoV-2. El estudio recogió las opiniones del profesorado, para lo cual se validó un cuestionario con 25 preguntas abiertas y otras con opciones de respuesta predeterminadas. También se realizó una entrevista estructurada al psicólogo y a la directora del plantel. Los resultados mostraron una valoración alta de la lectura y remarcan la importancia de los procesos precurriculares en contextos de crisis para preadaptar a los docentes, estudiantes, padres de familia y autoridades a los escenarios que planteará el proceso curricular, formal de clases, para contribuir a un aprendizaje efectivo.
Investigations on the incidence of deafness in Van cats and its distribution by eye color
Authors: ALMAÇ ÇELİK Funda , KAYA Abdullah
Published: January 2022

This study aims to demonstrate the incidence of deafness in Van cats and its distribution by eye color. A total of 300 Van cats aged between 2 months and 8 years were classified into three separate groups (equal in number) subjected to hearing tests using Clinical ABR (Auditory Brain Response) device. In this study, the incidence of deafness in Van cats was found to be 14.33%. Moreover, it was determined that deafness was not related to sex and hair length. Van cats with spots on their heads did not have deafness. The hearing thresholds showed that most Van cats had a very good level of hearing (0-10 dB nHL). The incidence of unilateral deafness was much lower in Van cats than it was in other white cat breeds. By means of this study, the breeding of the cats found to be deaf according to the results of ABR test will be prevented, and in this way we believe that the incidence of deafness in Van cats will decrease in future. This study is the first deafness study conducted in Van cats and it is worth to present as the findings of the study will shed light on future studies.
Feminist Ideologies of the Self-Respect Movement – A Historical Study
Authors: S Jeevanandam
Published: January 2022

Women are an essential component of the human society. However, women do not get their respect and rights in the ages due to the deeply institutionalized patriarchal values. There were many feminist movements emerged globally to address these differences where they articulated different strategies for women liberation such as equal education, employment, civil rights, valuing women’s bodies and their rights in the society. In this context, the foundation of the self-respect movement in India was became a crucial movement to address the social inequality in the society. The movement was started in 1925 by Thanthai Periyar E.V. Ramasami. The movement completely believed women as an active social agent and trusted that the freedom of women would lead to a revolution in the society. The movement became a platform for women to articulate their views. The movement proposed some of the significant strategies for women liberation and empowerment, which was pioneer to the many women’s movements in the world. On this background, this particular paper is trying to study the feminist ideologies that were proposed by the Self-Respect Movement.
PRODUCTIVIDAD Y CALIDAD DE FORRAJE DE HÍBRIDOS TRILINEALES DE MAÍZ PARA VALLES ALTOS DE MÉXICO
Authors: Zaragoza-Esparza Job , Medina-Fernández María Fernanda , Tadeo-Robledo Margarita , Espinosa-Calderón Alejandro , López-López Consuelo , Canales-Islas Enrique , Chávez-Gordillo Arturo , Alonso-Sánchez Homero
Published: January 2022

es una solución favorable para contrarrestar la falta de alimentos para el ganado y altos costos de producción de forraje, debido a que el maíz utilizado como ensilado constituye del 30 al 40 % de la ración diaria utilizada para la alimentación de bovinos productores de leche. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el rendimiento de forraje y valor nutricional de nueve híbridos de maíz e identificar aquellos que puedan constituir una alternativa para los productores de bovinos de leche de los Valles Altos de México. Los híbridos evaluados fueron H-47 AE, H-49 AE, H-51 AE, H-53 AE, H 61 R, Tlaoli Puma, Tsíri Puma y Atziri Puma, así como un material experimental. El experimento se estableció en tres ambientes: una fecha de siembra en la FES Cuautitlán-UNAM y dos en el Campo Experimental Valle de México (CEVAMEX) del INIFAP. Se utilizó un diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones, bajo un arreglo factorial que consideró como factores a los ambientes y a los genotipos. Tlaoli Puma y H-49 AE presentaron características productivas deseables con respecto a los otros híbridos evaluados, ya que tuvieron los mayores rendimientos de materia seca (23.1 y 21.0 t ha-1, respectivamente), digestibilidad in vitro de la materia seca (67.0 a 69.8 %) y proteína cruda (8.1 y 8.4 %). La cosecha en la FES Cuautitlán-UNAM a los 125 días de desarrollo produjo mayores rendimientos de materia verde y seca, menor porcentaje de proteína cruda y menores contenidos de fibra detergente ácido (FDA) con respecto a los ambientes del CEVAMEX. Los híbridos Tlaoli Puma y H-49 AE constituyen una alternativa para los productores de ganado bovino de Valles Altos de México.