bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reactive Power Optimization in District Power System
Authors: Liu Bin , Kong Ren Hui , Xiao Xiao Bing
Published: September 2013

Numerical optimization algorithms and heuristic optimization algorithms in reactive power optimization have been introduced. Analysis of the reactive power balance and the compensation, reactive power optimization mathematical model has been studied. Finally, it takes the least net loss as the object functions to optimize the regional power grid reactive power by genetic algorithm. Optimization results show that this method can effectively reduce network loss, and energy-saving effect is remarkable.
An Evaluation Method of Micro-Network Reliability under Isolating State
Authors: Li Teng , Liu Hong , Liu Hai Tao , Li Yang
Published: September 2013

The development of wind power and PV has provided an important force for the development of Micro-Network under the islanding state. This paper first gives component model of different part of micro-network. Then show the method of sampling. Moreover, display the assessment of reliability under islanding state. Finally, give the conclusion on the evaluation of the isolated island.
Optimization of Contact Structure among Main Transformers Considering Unit Power Supply Capacity Cost
Authors: Ge Shao Yun , Zhang Kai , Liu Hong
Published: September 2013

In allusion to the problems of corridor scarcity and substation layout during the rapid development of urban economy, a model and method of distribution contact structure optimization was proposed based on power supply capacity. Aimed at satisfying the area load demand, simplifying contact channel, reducing construction cost, firstly, on the base of clearing the concepts of power supply capacity and distribution contact, the calculation method of power supply capacity is established. Furthermore, a model with a target function of unit power supply capacity cost minimum considering some specific bounds of contact branch length, area load demand, the number of main transformer contact channel is built. Finally, the modified genetic algorithm is used to solve the model. The validity and effectiveness of the proposed model and method is verified through the analysis of practical example.
A Relay Scheme for Distribution Networks Considering the Control Mode of Inverter-Based Distributed Generator
Authors: Zhang Yan Xia , Li Yan
Published: September 2013

In the distribution system including distributed generators, it is difficult to meet the requirements of selectivity and sensitivity for traditional current protection. Currently, inverter-based distributed generators (IBDG) are widely used in distribution systems. The transient process of IBDG is rapid, and its transient characteristics are influenced by the control strategy. The controlled current source equivalent model of IBDG with positive-sequence P-Q control is put forward. After analyzing the fault characteristics, the protection scheme using negative sequence current is proposed, which can be used in the distribution systems including IBDG under positive-sequence P-Q control. The simulation results on a 10kV distribution system have verified the correctness of faults characteristics and the effectiveness of protection scheme.
A Parametric Study of a Gravitation Vortex Power Plant
Authors: Wanchat Sujate , Suntivarakorn Ratchaphon , Wanchat Sujin , Tonmit Kitipong , Kayanyiem Pongpun
Published: September 2013

This study is the analysis and design of a basin structure which has the ability to form a gravitational vortex stream. Such a high velocity water vortex stream can possibly be used as an alternative energy resource. In this study we are interested in the formation of a water vortex stream by gravitation, which is a new technique used in the field of hydro power engineering. The advantage of this method for electrical generation is the capability of producing energy using low heads of 0.7 to 3 meters. It can be applied in a low head micro hydro power plant. The governing equations are the Navier-Stokes equations. The SIMPLE method was adopted to solve the discretized equation. The flow fields in the flume, under different incoming flow conditions and basin configurations, were numerically simulated using the software ANSYS Fluent. The studies investigated parameters which affect the velocity vector flow field, which include 1) Outlet diameter at the bottom center of basin 2) Gravitational vortex head and 3) Flow rate. Computational fluid dynamics is used to simulate the vector flow field. The tangential and radial velocity distribution is used to determine the suitable turbine blade for testing. A gravitational vortex power plant model is created to investigate electrical power output.
Research on the Technology of Failure Functional Recovery for Secondary Equipment in Smart Substation
Authors: Zhang Hai Dong , Chen Ai Lin , Dou Ren Hui , Jiang Yu Lei , Yuan Hao , Ren Hui , Yang Qing
Published: September 2013

The technology of secondary equipment condition diagnosis and failure functional recovery could improve security, stability and effectiveness in smart substation. The development of status diagnosis and trends is summarized , and outstanding issues are discussed. The program of state diagnosis and failure function recovery are proposed on the basis of exiting technology; diagnosis model based on IEC 61850network device discovery and failure function recovery, etc are mainly studied. The smart substation secondary equipment diagnostic and failure function recovery are explored, which meets the development of mart grid self-healing and self-control.
Study on a New Method of Metal Oxide Surge Arrester Monitoring
Authors: Quan Yu Sheng , Zhao Xin , Han Shai Gen , Zhou En Ze
Published: September 2013

Metal oxide surge arresters (MOA) is a power system overvoltage protection device, and the online monitoring of the MOA is an important means to ensure the safe operation of the power system. This paper presents a new MOA insulation defects monitoring method. This method is based on the relative change in capacitance to MOA insulation defects as characteristic parameter, the aging classified as a kind of local defects, the system disturbance contains higher harmonic of transient voltage and current as the signal source, dynamically generated MOA partial insulation discriminant function of the defects in the diagnosis. The maximum value of the discriminant function corresponds to the local insulation defects. The proposed method contributes to the MOA monitoring methods and the development of technology.
Apply MODIS Products to Analyze the Changing Carbon Sink of Beijing before and after Olympics
Authors: Zhang Chi , Li Qi
Published: September 2013

Beijing honored its promise of a Green Olympics. Determining how the vegetation cover and carbon sink changed before and after Beijing Olympics is the main objective. The land cover data and net primary production (NPP) data from 2001 to 2010 from MODIS product were used. Through the method of average carbon sink efficiency, we get the following result. From 2001 to 2007, the carbon sink is gradually reducing. In 2008, it suddenly rises then keeps stable. The average forest carbon sink of Beijing between 2001 and 2010 is 136 kt, while average forest carbon sink between 2008 and 2010 is 159 kt. The average overall carbon sink of Beijing between 2001 and 2010 is 260 kt, and 277 kt between 2008 and 2010. The reducing carbon sink from 2001 to 2007 has a linear relationship with the reducing vegetation coverage. In 2008, the sudden rise of carbon sink on one hand has something to do with the increased vegetation coverage and transformation of forest from young to grown-up. But mostly it may be a result of the macro-control by the government as importing big trees into the city. MODIS product somewhat captures this change feature which matches reality that demonstrates its practical value.
Research on the Application of Fly Ash in High Water Filling Material
Authors: Li Feng Yi , Chen Lei , Li Guang Qi , Chen Wei Xin , Wang Peng Fei
Published: September 2013

Fly ash is a coal-fired waste from the coal-consumed power plant. It has become a great concern as to how fly ash should be treated properly at home. At present, the comprehensive utilization ratio of fly ash is just 30% and utilization ratio of fly ash from coal gangue power plant is less than coal-fired power plant. The effect of different fly ash added to the high-water filling material on the filling result was analyzed and field test of filling in mined-out area was conducted in the Babao vertical shaft + 3211 section of Tonghua coal mining group. The result shows that fly ash of gangue power plant added into the high-water packing material can lower the filling material cost effectively. This research can lead to push forward the utilization of fly ash with high efficiency.
Experimental Study on the Disposal of Polymer Flooding Produced Water of Oilfield by Microwave Radiation
Authors: Jiang Hua Yi , Xiong Pan , Wei Zhan Sheng , Ji Cheng
Published: September 2013

Microwave treating polymer flooding produced water of oilfield (PFPWO) is a new technology in the sewage treatments. Compare the effect of treating water samples by conventional water bath heating and microwave radiation, and analysis the microwave radiation power and time on the effect of treatment by experiment. The result shows that the disposed effect of microwave radiation is better than conventional water bath heating for PFPWO, and there exists a best power and time. It can be seen that microwave treatment has a good prospect for promoting.
Waste Countermeasures in New Rural Construction of Hebei Province
Authors: Jing Chang Yong , Ma Li , Wang Hong Fen
Published: September 2013

Mountain garbage pollution in the province's economic, safety, feasibility as the goal, make full use of the space advantage mountainous rural areas, labor advantage and grassroots organizational advantage, raised in rural garbage collection and disposal countermeasures and suggestions; GIS and multi-objective decision-making as the core technology designed particles and waste disposal lines, to optimize garbage collection and disposal in the region of space network, and propose specific support measures and policy recommendations.
Discussion on Very Low-Level Radioactive Waste near Surface Disposal
Authors: Chen Hai Ying , Zhang Chun Ming , Wang Shao Wei , Liu Qiao Feng , Han Jing Ru
Published: September 2013

Radioactive waste disposal is one of the most sensitive environmental problems. As the arriving of decommissioning of early period nuclear facilities in China, large amounts of very low-level radioactive waste will be produced inevitably. The domestic and abroad definitions about very low-level radioactive waste and its disposal were introduced, and then siting principles of near surface disposal of very low-level radioactive waste were discussed. The near surface disposal sites’ natural barriers were analyzed from the crustal structure and the radionuclide adsorption characteristics of natural barriers. The near surface disposal sites’ engineering barriers were analyzed from the repository design and the repository barrier materials selection. Finally, the improving direction of very low-level radioactive waste disposal was proposed, which would promote the study of very low-level radioactive waste disposal in China.
Bioaugmentation Technology in Comprehensive Chemical Wastewater Treatment of Tianjin TEDA Modern Industrial Park
Authors: He Ying , You Zhong Xian , Ji Yi Jun , Zhao Ya Fei
Published: September 2013

Refractory organic pollutants are wastewaters main pollutants in Tianjin TEDA modern industrial park. For clearing up refractory organic pollutants, we must improve the biological process of the sewage treatment plant. This paper focuses on how to use bioaugmentation technology to process the refractory organic pollutants which comes from wastewater of the district. The paper will record data and complete analysis of treatment effect for improving the biological process of sewage treatment plant and make advices.
Cu2+ Removal by Hydroxyapatite Nanorods Prepared by Surfactant-Templated Method
Authors: Wang Shao Hong , Xia Jian Guo , Wang Mei Han , Hou Zhao Xia , Hu Xiao Dan , Guan Yu Tong , Zhou Dan
Published: September 2013

Nanohydroxyapatite (HA) with rod-like shape was synthesized by a cationic surfactant-templated method. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to investigate its copper adsorption property from aqueous solution. The effect of initial copper ion concentration and contact time were studied. Results showed that HA adsorption capacity increased from 25.6 mg/g to 81.4 mg/g with the increase of initial copper ion concentration from 20 mg/L to 200 mg/L. Meanwhile, the removal efficiency decreased from 64.1% to 20.3%. Moreover, it also revealed that the removal efficiency of Cu2+increased with the increasing contact time and the initial adsorption process is rapidly increased within 15 min and the equilibrium was attained after 15 min.
Composition and Pressure Estimation on Salt Distillation Process after Electrorefining for Spent Nuclear Fuel
Authors: Hong Yeon Ki , Park Byung Heung
Published: September 2013

A pyroprocessing technology has been developed to process spent nuclear fuels with decreased waste and increased proliferation resistance. A main process of the pyroprocessing is an electrorefining which requires a post-treatment for recovered uranium. A distillation approach is adopted to remove an electrolyte salt residue on the uranium. In this work, the vapor composition of the distillation process and the total pressure were estimated to obtain basic data for process design and integration. Six chlorides including KCl, LiCl, UCl3, PuCl3, CeCl3, and YCl3 were considered to understand the behavior of the representative components of actinides and lanthanides. It was found that small amount of the actinides and lanthanides would be accompanied by the electrolyte salts (KCl and LiCl) during the distillation under high vacuum.
Evaluation the Effect of SFO on Plant Growth and Soil Properties in Deicing Agent Contaminated Soil
Authors: Huang Zhan Bin , Liu Lu Han , Li Wu Nan , Liu En Tong , Sun Yu Xuan , Hu Xin Gan
Published: September 2013

In order to reduce the damage of deicing salt to green belt soil in highway, the research used organic multi-fertilizer SFO featured with water conservation and anti-deicing salt to test the effect on plant growth and soil moisture and ion composition in Jingcheng high way, Beijing, It set 12 t/hm27.5 t/hm24.5 t/hm2 dosage processing in test Experimental index include plant growth, soil moisture, ion composition and the improvement effect of saline-alkali soil. In treatment of 4.5 t/hm2 and 7.5 t/hm2 SFO dosage, the fresh treetop growth of Juniper were increased 25.9% and 85.7% higher than that of CK, but less than that in treatment of 12 t/hm2 dosage. The soil moisture in all treatments was improved 0.8% -2.1% high than that in CK. The analysis showed that SFO can regulate the ion balance of soil, Ca2+Mg2+K+ content of soil in all treatments were raised as the increasing of SFO dosage, but the Na+Cl-ion contens decreased 38% and 48% on average than that of CK,and the Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) significantly was reduced markedly. In which the 7.5 t/hm2 dosage treatment of SFO is the best effect. The results certificated that SFO has the comprehensive effect on reducing soil salinization and can improve soil structure and the soil moisture, and can be applied in controlling soil salinization of green belt caused by using deicing salt in high way widely.
Adsorption Performance of a Novel Complex Absorbent to Phosphorus in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Duan Ning , Zhang Yin Feng , Wu Ke Ming
Published: September 2013

In the paper, a new composite absorbent was prepared by diatomite and zeolite. The structure of the prepared composite absorbent was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) and Energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). In addition, the kinetics and thermodynamics properties of the new composite absorbent to the phosphate in aqueous solution were investigated as well. The results showed that, new crystalline phases and fresh bonds might be formed in the prepared composite absorbent. The metallic contents in materials interacted with diatomite, leading to the formation of inorganic polymerized silicon complex and the increasing of the element content of calcium, magnesium, aluminum and ferrum in the new composite absorbent. It was found that the pseudo-second-order equation could fit the adsorption kinetics well, and the adsorption isotherms could be qualified by the Langmuir equation.
Adsorption Performance Study of Atrazine onto Activated Carbon Fiber
Authors: Li Yi Fan , Liu Ying , Liu Hou Qi , Li Li
Published: September 2013

The research used activated carbon fiber (ACF) as adsorbent to remove atrazine, a kind of herbicide. It set a series of static adsorption experiments under different solution temperature, pH value and initial concentration to get a optimum adsorption condition. The experiment shows that the optimum pH for the removal of atrazine is 7. The adsorption rate is highest at 20°C. The adsorption rate decreases while the initial concentration increases.
Electrochemical Degradation of Methylene Blue Aqueous Solution on Electrospinning Nanofibers (ESF) Electrodes
Authors: Li Li , Liu Ying , Li Yi Fan
Published: September 2013

This study mostly investigated the influences of electrolytic conditions and the structure of electrospinning nanofibers electrodes on the degradation of methylene blue in details. For PAN and Fe/PAN electrodes, was prepared by electrospinning.It was found that the ESF electrodes with higher specific surface area, and higher mesopore percentage could be push the electrochemical degradation. As the same time, adjusted the initial pH, increased the current, and added to electrolyte also could improve the treatment effect of electrochemical degradation. After 90min of electrolysis, the color removal efficiency of methylene blue reached 97.6% at current with 100mA, supporting electrolyte of NaCl with 0.1mol/L and initial pH with 3~5. Under the same current conditions with the Pt-Fe/PAN anodes the color removal rate of degradation were higher efficiency than the other two anodes.
Heavy Metal Environmental Assessment of Surface Soil in Rizhao Tea-Planting Areas
Authors: Wang Shi Xu , Zhang Zu Lu , Wang Xue
Published: September 2013

Analysis about contents and distributions of heavy metal elements in soil is one of the primary matters in surveying geochemical environmental quality in Rizhao tea-planting areas. By using 1km×1km sampling data of surface soil in Rizhao tea-planting areas, Geostatistics method is adopted to analyze spatial distribution of heavy metal elements, and nemerow synthetic index method is adopted to assess environmental qualities of heavy metals and show the result out by Kriging interpolation. The assessment results are as follows: the distribution of all the heavy metals besides Cd, Pb is comparatively uniformity; From the result of the single pollution index, the gross part of research areas is clean, only Cd, Ni pollution existed in finitude areas; From the spatial distribution of nemerow synthetic pollution index, 88.41% of the research areas soil belongs to level I, and 6.44% belongs to level II, and 5.14% level III, while no area belongs to level IV and level V.
Characteristic Analysis of Rural Environment Temperature Field
Authors: Shi Jiu Xi , Deng Jin Song , Wang Xiao Ming
Published: September 2013

Taking villages in the northern plain of Shaoxing County Zhejiang Province as the research object and by using heat transfer model and remote sensing image analysis method and taking advantage of surface temperature information varying in different areas recorded by ETM thermal infrared band and through selection of special endmember, we realize the separation of background and ambient superposed brightness temperature and establish statistical model on change of superimposed environmental brightness temperature based on distance and analyze characteristics of rural environment temperature field according to the features of heat exchange type. Study shows that endmember brightness temperatures of different surface features in the study area are respectively as follows: hard surface is 304.663K, water body is 297.851K, grassland is 298.966K, woodland is 298.827K; superimposed environmental temperature in village area is about 1.737K. Environment superposed brightness temperature and distance function are tools to describe the temperature field, predicting pixel brightness temperature by using the heat transfer model is more accurate than using linear spectrum mixed model.
The Reduction and Harmless Treatment Process of Livestock Sewage
Authors: Bao Zhen Bo , Jin Deng Chao , Li Yang
Published: September 2013

The pollution of livestock sewage is one of important pollution sources that can cause non-point pollution in Chinese country. On the basis of analyzing the characters of the livestock sewage, the treatment principles of livestock sewage are discussed. At last, the comprehensive treatment processes of livestock sewage are put forward and analyzed.
Bromate Control by UVC and UVA Treatment in Drinking Water
Authors: Chen Si Chen , Zhu Qi , Liu Dong Mei , Cui Fu Yi , Fang Lei , Ma Di
Published: September 2013

In order to study the effect and influencing factors of bromate removal by ultraviolet treatment in drinking water, by carrying out laboratory test in simulated water and raw water samples, the action of UVC and UVA on bromate were investigated. The results indicated that bromate transformes into bromine ion under UVC treatment, but there was a small amount of UVA in the UVC lamp emission spectrum. Separate experiments on UVA treatment of bromate indicated that UVA could be considered as an interference factor for UVC treatment of bromate, and it should be restricted in the UVC lamp emission. The conversion of bromate to bromide was inhibited by suspended matter, which led to a rise of water turbidity and had influence on the reduction of bromate by UVC. When the water pH was 5.5~9 the same UV dose, the reduction of the bromate concentration by UVC treatment did not change significantly.
Study on Desulfurization Characteristic of Desulphurizing Coal Water Slurry
Authors: Shi Chang Xing , Tang Hai Xiang
Published: September 2013

With calcium carbonate and barium carbonate as desulfurizers, combustion desulphurization experiments of coal water slurry and pulverized coal were respectively done in the ZCL. The results show that desulfurization efficiency in coal water slurry is prior to the same pulverized coal. The desulfurization characteristic of desulphurizing coal water slurry was analyzed by comparing the desulfurization efficiency of coal water slurry and pulverized coal. The reaction atmosphere in the boiler is different from the pulverized coal because of water evaporation ,and the CO content was lower ,so the decomposing rate for desulphurization products was reduced,after water evaporated ,it formed microstructures which was considered as favorable to the desulfurization rate .
Uptake of Arsenic(V) with Aluminum Modified MCM-41
Authors: He Su Yun , Han Cai Yun , He Su Fang , Wang Hua , Liu Chun Xia , Shan Yun , Luo Yong Ming
Published: September 2013

The highly ordered mesoporous MCM-41 was synthesized and modified with various content of aluminum (0-15%) using an incipient wetness impregnation technique. The prepared Al modified MCM-41 materials were characterized by XRD, and explored as adsorbents for arsenic(V) removal. Al loading and calcination temperature played significant roles in the absorbents structures and adsorption capacities. The maximal arsenic(V) adsorption capacity of 16.3 mgAs/gAl was obtained when Al loading of 10 wt% and calcination temperature of 400 °C were used.
The Distribution Characteristics of the Typical Antibiotics in the Aquatic Environment of a City in China
Authors: Liu Jian Guang , Sun Qiu Yue , Wang Min Xiang , Song Wu Chang
Published: September 2013

The distribution characteristics of six typical antibiotics in the aquatic environment (wastewater treatment plant effluent, Shiao-ching River, Yellow River, Yellow river Reservoir, drinking water treatment plant effluent) of a city in china were analyzed by using high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The results show that except for erythromycin, other five antibiotics include sulfamethoxazole, sulfamethazine, amoxicillin, tetracycline and oxytetracycline were detected in the aquatic environment, the concentrations of tetracycline and oxytetracycline were relatively higher, the tetracycline and oxytetracycline concentrations of wastewater treatment plant effluent were 32.39 ng/L and 59.36 ng/L respectively. The wasterwater treatment plant process can not completely remove the antibiotic,and the five antibiotics concentrations in the wastewater treatment plant effluent were higher than their concentrations in the other water bodies. A certain content antibiotics was discharged into the receiving water and wastewater treatment plant drainage is the main way of antibiotics to release into the water environment. Traces of antibiotics were detected in the water samples which were taken from the Yellow River and the Shiao-ching River in the city, but they were less polluted by antibiotics levels. The antibiotics removal effect of conventional drinking water treatment process is not obvious.
Plasmon-Induced Photodegradation of Toxic Pollutants with Ag/AgI/Bi2WO6 under Visible-Light Irradiation
Authors: Gui Ming Sheng , Wang Peng Fei , Tang Miao Miao , Yuan Dong
Published: September 2013

The Ag/AgI/Bi2WO6photocatalysts were successfully synthesized by deposition-precipitation and photoreduction methods. The catalyst showed high and stable photocatalytic activity for the degradation of the RhB under visible light irradiation (λ>400 nm). On the basis of a new plasmonic photocatalytic mechanism, the photogenerated electron-hole pairs are formed in Ag nanoparticles (NPs) due to surface plasmon resonance under visible-light irradiation. Then, the photoexcited electrons at the Ag NPs are injected into AgI. On the other hand, the band position shows that AgI and Bi2WO6have the matching band potentials in the AgI/Bi2WO6heterostructure composites. So the photoexcited electrons is ultimately transfer to the Bi2WO6conduction band (CB), photo-induced holes (hVB+) is transfer to the AgI valence band (VB) and the simultaneous transfer to compensative electrons from I-to the Ag NPS. This the result indicates that the high photosensitivity of noble metal Ag NPs due to surface plasmon resonance, which is not only improve the photocatalytic performance, but also offer a new idea for preparation of new photocatalysts .
The Study of CO2 Capture Technology
Authors: Zhang Xiao Feng , Li Fang Qin , Li Ji Yong
Published: September 2013

Described the dangers of greenhouse gas carbon dioxide and the significance of CO2 capture. Discussed the principle of the traditional and new technologies for CO2 removal and find some problems with them.
Investigation on Flow Field of Cyclone Separator Used in Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler
Authors: Gao Bing Guang , Li Hai Xia , Zhang An Chao , Song Jun , Lu Hao , Tan Xue Qing
Published: September 2013

The Reynolds stress model (RSM) provided by FLUENT software was applied to study flow field of a cyclone separator used in some circulating fluidized bed. The pressure distribution and velocity distribution was analyzed. The simulation results reveal the strong swirling flow and vortex structure in cyclone separator.
Characteristics of Suspended Sediment and Resuspension Process in Wendeng Coastal Area, Shandong Peninsula
Authors: Liu Xiao , Feng Xiu Li , Liu Jie
Published: September 2013

Based on the field observations and laboratory analysis data of the suspended sediment of Wendeng coastal area, this paper studied the change process of suspended sediment concentration and characteristics of surface sediment resuspension in the study area. In results: (1) In vertical, the suspended sediment concentration of each station increased gradually from surface to bottom, and the maximum value could reach 0.11 kg/m3; (2) Suspended sediment concentration is well correlated with velocity variation in a tidal cycle, and the peak of suspended sediment concentration occurs four times in a tidal cycle, indicating that there are four resuspension processes during a tidal cycle in the study area; (3) According to the suspended sediment concentration at different times and the content of the previous time, the maximum settlement is between 0.063~0.092kg/m3, and the maximum resuspension is between 0.057~0.125kg/m3 in the study area.
Numerical Analysis of the Influence of Sea Level Rise on Flood and Tidal Stage in the Yangtze River Estuary
Authors: Hu Tian , Gu Jie , Wang Xiao Li , Ma Dan Qing , Yang Ji Zhong , Wang Yuan
Published: September 2013

A two-dimensional numerical model was set up to simulate the tidal current of the Yangtze River Estuary with MIKE21 FM. This model has been calibrated and validated with the observed tidal level. We simulated the change of flood and tidal stage in the Yangtze River Estuary after the sea level rising by 20~60cm. The simulate results indicate that: (1)With sea level rising, the extent of rise of the high tide is greater than that of rise of low tide. Under the same sea level rise, the closer to the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Estuary, the more obvious the increase in the low tide level is, the rise of the high tide does not change significantly. (2)For the changes of the tidal range increase, under the same sea level rise, the closer to the upper reaches of the Yangtze Estuary, the greater the tidal range increase is.
Application of Remote Sensing in the Research of Soil Erosion
Authors: Yang Yang , Tan Shu Cheng
Published: September 2013

Since remote sensing technology introduced into China, has made considerable progress in the dynamic monitoring of soil and water loss research. Through the application of remote sensing technology in soil erosion monitoring in our country and other countries, analyze the existing problems in the remote sensing technology application, then make prospects for the application and development.
A Positive and Comparative Study on Industrial Structure Transformation Capacity of Provincial Level Divisions in China
Authors: Pan Xi Ping , Sha Jing Hua , She Yan Shuang
Published: September 2013

Most urban planning policies are affected by the industrial structure. This paper gave a positive and comparative analysis on the industrial structure transformation ability and transformation direction of the thirty-one provincial level divisions in China by using principal component analysis, based on theories of regional economic development and industrial economics. The results show that Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shandong have strong industrial structure transformation ability and the industrial transformation direction is in the tertiary industry except for Guangdong, Jiangsu and Shandong. The industrial structure transformation ability over the thirty-one regions exhibits a decreasing trend from the eastern coastal area to the west inland. The sequence of industry structure transformation direction is from the first industry to the second and then to the tertiary for China.
Study on Land-Using Efficiency in Xi’an City Based on Coordination Degree Model
Authors: Ru Liu Shu , Du Fang Fang
Published: September 2013

Analysis from three aspects of social efficiency, economic efficiency and ecological efficiency of land use efficiency in Xi'an City 2000-2010; using coordination degree model, to calculate the overall coordination degree of social efficie-ncy, economic efficiency and ecological efficiency in Xi'an City. The results show that land-using overall efficiency index in Xi'an has a trend to upward , especially after 2009, coordination degree grows better , tends to a coordin-ationated development.
Progress in Preliminary Processing of Eddy Covariance Flux Data
Authors: Tang Xin Ying , Han Lin , Wang Ge
Published: September 2013

The eddy covariance (EC) technique of observation is a standard method for direct measurement of CO2, H2O and energy flux between vegetation and the atmosphere, the calculation formula of which is based on a series of assumptions. In reality, the assumed conditions are usually not satisfied, and the flux data is subject to significant deviation, thus the measured result should be corrected. The difference in data processing may lead to obvious difference in the calculated results of sensible heat flux and latent heat flux, while the universality of existing flux processing software is not verified. On the basis of domestic and foreign literature, this paper systematically summarizes and evaluates the preliminary processing of EC observation data in the aspects of principle and method of flux observation, rejection and interpolation of flux data, quality control and evaluation of flux data.
Extraction and Application of Water System and Physiognomy Morphological Characteristics Based on DEM in ArcGIS Environment
Authors: Liu Xiao Li , Li Xue , Li Jing Gang , Wang Qiu Liang
Published: September 2013

The Ms 7.0 Lushan earthquake triggered thousands of landslides. The main purpose of this paper is to present the use of the ASTER GDEM data, an incomplete landslide triggering factors of the M7.0 Lushan earthquake of China based on the ArcGIS platform and the DEM (Digital Elevation Models) technology. The sources of DEM are various. This paper discusses the prevalent DEM data source-ASTER GDEMs characteristic and applying GDEM data on extraction of water system and terrain characteristics of geological disasters using ArcGIS Hydro Tools package. A comprehensive quantitative analysis of the terrain parameters are performed such as elevation, slope, contour, drainage pattern, and thematic maps of geology and geomorphology lineament. These parameters are required as input to applications such as landslide susceptibility analysis.
Toxicological and Safety Evaluation of Bacillus subtilis Strain Tpb55
Authors: Zhang Cheng Wei , Zhang Yu Qin , Gao Jia Ming
Published: September 2013

The toxicological safety of Bacillus subtilis strain Tpb55 was evaluated according to the Toxicological Testing Methods for Pesticide Registration (GB 15670~1995) by animal experiments. The results showed that the LD50 of acute oral toxicity of Tpb55 was greater than 5,000 mg/kg; the acute dermal toxicity LD50 was over 5,000 mg/kg. No irritation to rabbit skin and eye was found, and the average index of eye irritation after 48 h was 0. Thus, it can be concluded that the acute toxicity of Tpb55 administered orally or dermally was proved to be at a lower level, with no irritations to rabbit skin and eye. Its dermal hypersusceptibility rate was zero for the guinea pigs, so that Tpb55 belongs to a weak sensitizer of grade I. There were no significant differences between the experimental groups and the control group in micronucleus assay and sperm shape abnormality. Therefore, Tpb55 strain is a safe biological bacterium with low toxicity, no irritation, no sensitization and no mutagenic effect.
Determination of Ten Trace Element in River Deposit by ICP-OES
Authors: Liu Ting Ting , Shen Hong Yuan
Published: September 2013

Wet digestion method had been used in river deposit of BZ profile. At the same time, Mn, Cu, Ba, Ni, Pb, Zn, Rb, V, Sr and Zr in river deposit were determined by ICP-OES. The results show that the relative standard deviations are all below 0.39%, while the recovery of standard addition is 94.3%~117.1%. The method is proved to have good precision and accuracy, and to be simple and rapid. And the measured data provide basis for paleoflood study in this area.
Determination of Loganin in Qiju Dihuang Pills by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Technique
Authors: Xie Cai Xia , Gong Hai Yan , Liu Jian Ying , Lei Jing Wei , Duan Xiao Yan , Chen Zhi Hong , Bai Yan
Published: September 2013

To establish a rapid analytical method for Loganin in Qiju Dihuang Pills (condensed) by Near-infrared Diffuse Reflectance Technique. Collecting NIR spectra by NIR Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy, the partial least square calibration model was built. The correlation coefficients (R2) and the root-mean-square error of cross-validation (RMSECV) were 0.99764 and 0.09340, respectively. In the external validation,coefficients of determination (r2) between NIRS and HPLC values was 0.97348,the root-mean-square error of prediction (RMSEP) was 0.08491. The results showed that the method was rapid, accurate, and could be applied to the fast determination of Loganin in Qiju Dihuang Pills (condensed).
Study on the Extraction and Antioxidant Activity of Total Flavonoids from Netted Melon with Ultrasonic
Authors: Sun Xi Yun , Yang Shu , Liu Chang , Li Tian Lai , Duan Ya Qi
Published: September 2013

The single factor and orthogonal tests were designed to study the perfect conditions of extracting total flavononids from Netted Melon and the antioxidant activity of the extract. Firstly,the best conditions of extracting total flavononids from Netted Melon by single factor and orthogonal test was:ultrasonic power was 60%(250W) ,concentration of ethanol was 90%(V/V),extraction time was 60min ,volume of ethanol was 25mL.Under these conditions,the extraction yield of flavonoids was 0.2247 mg/g,which was 88.43% of the result of soxhlet,while,the time was 25% of soxhlet,from which the work efficiency was greatly improved. Then Prussian blue, Pyrogallol autoxidation, Phenanthroline and DPPH were used to research the antioxidant activity of flavonoid. It shows that flavonoid of Netted Melon can remove DPPH and hydroxyl radical strongly, also it has reducing capacity, but its ability of oxygen radical scavenging is poor.
Studies on the Resistance of Cholesterol-Lowering of Lactic Acid Bacteria to Simulated Gastrointestinal Circumstance In Vitro
Authors: Yang Yong Qing , Xie Yuan Hong , Zhang Hong Xing , Liu Hui
Published: September 2013

Acid and bile are primary natural barriers in the gastrointestinal tract, and tolerances of the probiotics help to survive and exert their beneficial effects. Eight lactic acid bacteria strains were selected based on cholesterol-lowering ability from Chinese traditional kefir grain, namedlactococcus lactis subsp lactisKS4, J4, P1 and P5,lactobacillus caseiKTx, KL1 and J1 andstreptococcus thermophilusTx. The strains were cultured in MRS medium (pH 3.0 and 0.3% bile salt). Acid and bile salt tolerances were evaluated by measuring and comparing optical density values at 600nm (OD600). The o-phthalaldehyde method (OPA) was used. The cholesterol-lowering rate of strains KL1 and J1 are 60.1% and 55.3% to simulated gastrointestinal adverse circumstance in vitro. The results indicate thatlactobacillus caseiKL1 and J1 are effective as probiotics with cholesterol-lowering activities.
Effect of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ZGKD2 on the Growth of Amorpha fruticosa L in Coal Gangue
Authors: Zhang Yu Xiu , Shi Pei Li , Zhang Qian
Published: September 2013

The cadmium-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain ZGKD2 was isolated from gangue pile of coal area. Production of siderophores, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and the solubilization of phosphate were observed in the strain. Two types of siderophores were identified by UV spectrophotometer. The highest production of IAA and phosphate solubilization were 2.0 ug/mL and 7.2 ug/mL. The root length, plant height and fresh weight of Amorpha fruticosa L in the substrates of Coal gannue and losses were promoted after inoculation with ZGKD2. These data indicated that Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain ZGKD2 was a plant growth-promoting bacterial (PGPB).
Fast Determination of Dioscin in Dioscorea zingiberensis C.H.Wright by PLS-NIR Spectroscopy
Authors: Xie Cai Xia , Liu Rui , Gong Hai Yan , Lei Jing Wei , Duan Xiao Yan , Chen Zhi Hong , Bai Yan
Published: September 2013

A rapid determination method was builded about content of dioscin in Dioscorea zingiberensis C. H. Wright by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technology. The calibration model were builded through comparison of the content of dioscin in Dioscorea zingiberensis C. H. Wright and the near infrared spectroscopy of Dioscorea zingiberensis C. H. Wright with partial least squares. The internal correlation coefficient of cross-validation (R2) was 0.99208, root-mean-square error of cross-validation (RMSECV) was 0.0104, and external root mean square prediction deviation RMSEP was 0.0105, and the predictive value of the aversge relative error was 4.12%.
Reservoir Prediction of Lishui Depression, East China Sea Basin
Authors: Hou Guo Wei , Yuan Yong , Zhang Jin Liang
Published: September 2013

Reservoir plane features of Lishui depression in East China Sea Basin is analyzed with multiattribute analysis. Through the production of fine synthetic seismograms, the research area is analyzed by seismic attribute. On the basis of the calibration of synthetic seismograms and interpretation of horizon, accurate corresponding relation between the seismic reflection and geological horizon is established. By means of multiple attribute extraction technology, relatively independent attributes related to oil and gas are selected, and afterwards the analysis of the petrophysical characteristics and the optimization of the seismic attribute are achieved. Finally, through the seismic attributes analysis technology and the horizon slice technology, and seismic inversion is conducted, the favorable areas of oil accumulation are predicted.
Shale Gas Prediction Technique Based on the Matching Pursuit Algorithm
Authors: Duan Zhong Yu , Wang Run Qiu , Liu Xiao Peng , Pu Qing Shan , Fu Liang Tong
Published: September 2013

Shale gas reservoir characterizes source bed being its bearing reservoir, no gaswater interface, low porosity and low permeability. So the exploration and production procedure of shale gas is much different from traditional gas. How to detect the gas content of the shale formation is the key problem to exploit the shale gas. An algorithm to calculate seismic signal spectrum indicated the decay of high frequency is proposed. This algorithm adopt matching pursuit spectrum decomposing method to do high accuracy time frequency analysis on seismic data under the condition that the nonhomogeneity size of geologic body is not much larger than the wavelength of seismic wave and the seismic data is processed with high resolution amplitude maintained method. Do geostatistic analysis on energy ratio of the objective interval which gets from the frequency spectrum of the interval. Then the distribution character of shale gas in the shale reservoir can be got. This technique is an effective geophysical method to identify and evaluate the shale gas reservoir. It can provide critical parameters to explore and develop shale gas. Gas content detection gets effective result by using this technique in Block PengShui of Sichuan Basin.
The Predication Parameters of the Stress Distribution and Failure of the Roof of the Severely Inclined Coal Seam
Authors: Gao Zhao Ning
Published: September 2013

By turning to the elastic thin slab theory, the present authors have established a model for the mechanical assessment of the roof failure for the severely inclined seam under long wall working in swith formulae deduced for the calculation of the stress distribution. When the roof stress distribution is characterized, a model for the roof breakage of the long wall coal seam under working, with failure assessment parameters deduced.
Comprehensive Utilization and Discussion of Iron and Steel Metallurgical Slag
Authors: Yang Xin Long , Dai Hui Xin , Li Xiang
Published: September 2013

In recent years, the steel industry is in decline. To reduce environmental pollution, increase corporate profits and promote the sustainable development of China's steel industry, developing steel metallurgical slags comprehensive utilization has a very important significance. This article describe the present situation and problems in China's steel metallurgy slag comprehensive utilization, and reach the conclusion that the present method should be improved and the new method of comprehensive utilization should be further developed.
Study on Support of Roadways in Fractured Rock Mass under Mining-Induced Stresses
Authors: Wang Qiang , Chen Jin Yu
Published: September 2013

One of the difficult issues in underground mining is the ground control of roadway subject to mining induced stresses. As a longwall face advances, the state of initial stresses dramatically changes. Accordingly, lateral abutment pressure forms on the pillar and frontal abutment pressure on the roof and lateral sides of the roadway. These pressures will lead to severe deformation and deterioration of the rock mass surrounding the entries. In this paper, a systemic study on this issue is proposed using the combination of numerical modeling and in-situ monitoring which was carried out at a coal mine in the Lu.An Group, China. The condition of stress redistribution caused by mining-induced stresses and the state of the surrounding rock mass of the roadway situated in front the work face are systematically investigated. Different patterns of support and reinforcement as well as their effects on the stability of the roadway are also presented.
Numerical Simulation Analysis of Different Coal Mine Roadway Support Effect
Authors: Sun Guang Yi , Luo Xiao
Published: September 2013

The application of FLAC2D software long ditch coal mine extraction tunnel without support boltgrouting. Anchor when the anchor rope supporting and strengthening supporting state ofroadwaywere simulated and analyzed the change of roadway surrounding rock under differentsupport forms. Demonstrated the possibility that the current anchor cable anchor supporting andanalysis under the condition of the coal wall broken grouting bolt is the necessity of reinforcement.
Study on Arranging Mining Roadway under Inclined Seam Goaf
Authors: Xiao Fu Kun , Lu Gao Ming , Fan Hui Qiang , Zhang Chun Jie , Liu Gang
Published: September 2013

In the process of deep mining, mining roadway has severe deformation and high deformation speed. Arranging mining roadway is an effective way to reduce deep roadway deformation under the mined-out area. This paper uses FLAC3D Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua to make the coal rock geological structure modeling, works out the stress and strain state of coal and rock in different ways when arrange mining roadway under goaf, and then get the influence rule by comparing and analyzing the computed result, providing reliable and efficient theoretical foundation for arranging mining roadway under goaf.
Study on the Classification Performance of Vibration Lamella Thickener
Authors: Shang Guan Chang Cheng , Zhou Xing Long , Cao Qin Bo , Sun Dong Yang
Published: September 2013

This paper mainly describes the relation between the overflow quantity, separation size, classification efficiency and Reynolds number under the stable stage of vibration lamella thickener. Using a device with one tilting-narrow flow classification element, experiments on classification of pure quartz slurry have been carried out.we can conclude that the overflow quantity is proportional to the separation and classification is best under the condition of turbulent flow.