bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HSCA-Net: A Hybrid Spatial-Channel Attention Network in Multi-Scale Feature Pyramid for Document Layout Analysis
Authors: Zhang Honghong , Xu Canhui , Shi Cao , Bi Hengyue , Li Yuteng
Published: December 2022

Document images often contain various page components and complex logical structures, which makes document layout analysis task challenging. For most deep learning based document layout analysis methods, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are adopted as the image feature extraction networks. In this paper, a hybrid spatial-channel attention network (HSCA-Net) is proposed to improve feature extraction capability by exerting attention mechanism to explore more salient properties within document pages. The HSCA-Net contains two modules: spatial attention module (SAM) and channel attention module (CAM). They are embedded in the multi-scale feature network by lateral attention connection. SAM extracts contextual information with learning offset in spatial dimension and CAM performs feature recalibration by focusing more on feature channels with important contents. The lateral attention connection is to incorporate SAM and CAM into multi-scale feature pyramid network and retain more of the original feature information. The effectiveness and adaptability of HSCA-Net are evaluated through multiple experiments on publicly available datasets PubLayNet, ICDAR-POD and Article Regions. The mAP on these datasets is as high as 0.940,0.939 and 0.967 respectively, which demonstrate that our HSCA-Net achieves competitive results on document layout analysis task. Text.
Human Ear Image Recognition Method Using PCA and Fisherface Complementary Double Feature Extraction
Authors: Wang Yang , Cheng Ke , Zhao Shenghui , E Xu
Published: December 2022

Ear recognition is a new kind of biometric identification technology now. Feature extraction is a key step in pattern recognition technology, which determines the accuracy of classification results. The method of single feature extraction can achieve high recognition rate under certain conditions, but the use of double feature extraction can overcome the limitation of single feature extraction. In order to improve the accuracy of classification results, this paper proposes a new method, that is, the method of complementary double feature extraction based on PCA and Fisherface, and we apply it to human ear image recognition. Experimental results on the ear image database provided by Beijing University of Science and Technology show that the ear recognition rate of the proposed method is significantly higher than the single feature extraction using PCA, Fisherface or ICA alone.
Farklı Dövüş Sporlarında Mücadele Eden Milli Sporcuların Bazı Performans Özelliklerinin Karşılaştırılması *
Authors: ÖZMEN Rıdvan , CAN İbrahim
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı, farklı dövüş sporlarında mücadele eden milli sporcuların bazı performans özelliklerinin karşılaştırılmasıdır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, farklı dövüş sporlarında (boks, kickboks, wushu, muaythai) mücadele eden erkek (n=33) ve kadın (n=12) toplam 45 milli sporcu (yaş: 18,69 ± 4,27; boy: 1,68 ± ,08 m; vücut ağırlığı: 65,82 ± 14,34 kg) çalışmaya gönüllü olarak katıldı. Bu çalışmada, katılımcılara 5, 10, 20 ve 30 m sprint testleri, el kavrama kuvvet testi, esneklik testi, geriye sağlık topu fırlatma testi, çeviklik testi, dikey sıçrama testi, durarak uzun atlama testi ve Yo-Yo aralıklı toparlanma testi (seviye 1) uygulandı. Veriler, tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) ve Pearson korelasyon analizi kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Analiz sonuçlarına göre; katılımcıların 5 metre koşu zamanları bakımından branşlar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılığın olduğu elde edilmiştir (p<.05). Buna karşılık, diğer performans parametreleri bakımından branşlar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık yoktur (p>.05). Sonuç olarak; 5 metre sprint koşusu harici diğer performans parametreleri arasında anlamlı bir farklılık olmamasının katılımcıların benzer branşlarda mücadele etmesi ve uygulanan antrenman sistemlerinin benzer olmasından kaynaklı olduğu ileri sürülebilir.
Spor Örgütü Çalışanlarının İş Tatmininin Öğrenen Organizasyon Süreci Üzerine Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: MUTLU T. Osman , ÇETİNKAYA Asil , BERBEROĞLU Ekin Senay
Published: December 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı spor örgütlerinde çalışanların iş tatminlerinin öğrenen organizasyon süreci üzerine olan etkisini incelenmesidir. Araştırma genel tarama desenlerinden biri olan betimsel ve ilişkisel tarama modeli ile tasarlanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında kullanılan anket formu 3 bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölümde spor örgütü çalışanlarının demografik bilgilerinin toplandığı kişisel bilgiler formu, ikinci bölümde Weiss ve ark. (1967) tarafından geliştirilen ve Baycan (1985) tarafından Türkçe’ye uyarlanan Minnesota İş Tatmini Ölçeği (MSQ), üçüncü bölümde ise Watkins ve Marsick (1997) tarafından geliştirilen ve Mutlu (2009) tarafından Türkçe’ye uyarlanan Öğrenen Organizasyon Boyutları Ölçeği (DLOQ) kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini Muğla Gençlik ve Spor İl Müdürlüğü çalışanları oluştururken örneklemini ise Muğla Gençlik ve Spor İl Müdürlüğünde çalışan ve araştırmaya gönüllü olarak katılan 99 çalışan oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma bulgularına göre spor örgütü çalışanlarının cinsiyeti, medeni durumları, statüleri, yaşları, öğrenim durumları ve kıdem imkanları ile öğrenen organizasyon ortalama puanları arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmaktadır. Diğer yandan çalışanların hizmet yılı ile iş tatminleri arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmaktadır. Yapılan korelasyon analizine göre spor örgütü çalışanlarının iş tatminleri ile öğrenen organizasyon ortalama puanları arasında pozitif bir ilişki bulunmaktadır. Diğer yandan yapılan regresyon analizine göre spor örgütü çalışanlarının iş tatminleri öğrenen organizasyon sürecine pozitif yönde etki etmektedir. Sonuç olarak spor örgütü çalışanlarının iş tatmini öğrenen organizasyon sürecini olumlu yönde etkilemektedir.
Digital Amputations Due To Upper Extremity Injuries: A Retrospective Analysis of Patients Presenting To The Emergency Department
Authors: ÇAKMAK Fatma , DOĞRUYOL Sinem , ÇAKMAK Mehmet Akif
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to examine the characteristics of traumatic minor digital amputations in patients presenting to the emergency department, who were candidates for replantation and revascularization and to discuss the clinical outcomes of these patients. Upper extremity total/subtotal amputation cases presenting to Private Erzurum Buhara Hospital emergency department between January 1, 2018, and January 1, 2021, were retrospectively evaluated. The demographic characteristics, occupational status, etiology and type of injury, localization and level of injury, time to arrive at hospital and undergo surgery, length of hospital stay, and survival outcomes were recorded for a total of 134 patients. Of the patients, 88.1% were male, and the mean age was 36.45±20.87 years. Injuries were most commonly seen in those working in agriculture, at a rate of 61.4%. The most common injury type was avulsion (45.5%). The most common specific cause (16.4%) was related to throttle belt use. The mean time from the time of injury to arrival at the emergency department was calculated as 2.51±1.88 hours. It was found that, the survival rate was 71.6% for all the patients and 75.9% for the pediatric patients alone. In conclusion, it is found that the survival rate was higher in guillotine type injuries and in pediatric patients. It is determined that different mechanisms were involved in the etiology of these minor digital amputation cases due to the geographical region where the study was conducted. It is consider that it can be a guide for informing people working in agriculture in this region, and thus reducing the incidence of similar traumas.
The Effects of Complementary Alternative Methods Used by Nursing Students on Coping with Stress
Authors: TUNA Halil İbrahim
Published: December 2022

This study was conducted to determine the effect of complementary and alternative therapies used by nursing students on coping with stress. The study was conducted with 184 students who agreed to participate in the nursing department of a university between November 1-30, 2020. Data were collected on the internet. Descriptive features data form, form containing complementary alternative therapy usage features, and visual analog scale were used. The average stress score of the students was 3.04 ± 0.88, 60.3% experienced stress, 34.8% had stress-related constipation, 66.3% used a complementary and alternative therapie methods to cope with stress and the most preferred complementary and alternative therapie method (67.2%) was found to be music therapy. It was found that 98. 3% of the students were satisfied with the complementary and alternative therapie method they used. It has been concluded that the use of music therapy and herbal tea used by nursing students are effective in coping with stress, and the increasing internet use affects the use of complementary and alternative therapie method and the information source.
Gebelik ve Emzirme Döneminde COVID-19 Enfeksiyonuna Karşı Aşılanma
Authors: KAYA ODABAŞ Resmiye , DEMİR Rukiye , TAŞPINAR Ayten
Published: December 2022

COVID-19 pandemisi ile mücadelede aşı önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Ancak, aşının fetüs ve bebek üzerindeki bilinmeyen etkileri nedeniyle gebe ve emziren kadınlar aşılarla ilgili klinik deneylerin dışında tutulmuştur. Bu yüzden COVID-19 aşılarının gebelik ve emzirme döneminde kadınlar üzerindeki etkisi hakkında kanıtlar yetersiz olup, bu durum gebe ve emziren kadınlarda endişe ve kaygıya neden olmaktadır. Gebeler, yoğun bakım ünitesine yatış, mekanik ventilasyon ihtiyacı ve ölüm dâhil olmak üzere COVID-19 enfeksiyonunun ciddi sonuçları açısından normal popülasyona göre riskli grup olarak kabul edilse de aşılanma sürecinde öncelikli gruplar arasında yer almamakta, aşının yararının potansiyel riskten daha ağır bastığı durumlarda gebelerin kendi istekleri dahilinde aşılanması önerilmektedir. Benzer şekilde emziren kadınlarda COVID-19 aşılarının güvenliği, aşılanmanın anne sütüyle beslenen bebeğe ve laktasyona etkileri konusunda yeterli veri bulunmasa da emziren kadınlar veya bebekleri için bir risk oluşturmadığı bildirilmekte ve emziren kadınlara COVID-19 aşısı önerilmektedir. Aşılarla ilgili gebe ve emziren kadınların karar vermesinin desteklenmesi için aşılar hakkında kanıta dayalı ve kişiye özel bilgilere gerek vardır ve bu bilgiler ebe, hemşire ve hekim gibi sağlık profesyonelleri tarafından sağlanmalıdır. Bu bağlamda bu derleme, gebelik ve emzirme döneminde COVID-19 enfeksiyonuna karşı aşılanmayı bilimsel veriler ve literatür ışığında ele almak amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Kronik Hastalığı Olan Bireylerin Tedaviye Uyum Sürecinde Aile Faktörü: Motivasyonel Görüşmenin Etkileri Açısından Gözden Geçirme
Authors: ERİKMEN Esra , KESKİN Gülseren
Published: December 2022

Kronik hastalık, yavaş ilerleyen ve uzun bir süreye yayılan, hastalığın derecesini azaltmak ve bireyin kendi kendine bakımını yerine getirebilmesini sağlamak amacıyla destekleme gerektiren durumlardır. Günümüzde gerek genetik gerekse çevresel faktörlerin etkisiyle kronik hastalıklarda artışlar görülmekte; tıbbın ve teknolojinin gelişmesiyle beraber de bu hastalıkların tanı ve tedavi aşamasında ilerleme kaydedilmektedir. Bireyler karşılaştıkları kronik hastalık durumlarıyla baş etme konusunda bazen tek başlarına yetersiz kalmakta, farmakolojik tedaviye ek olarak farklı tedavi yöntemleri deneyimlemektedir. Motivasyonel görüşme tekniği de bu yöntemlerden biridir. Alkol ve madde bağımlılıklarının tedavisinin yanı sıra, kanserler, obezite, epilepsi, diyabet, hipertansiyon, kalp damar hastalıkları, şizofreni gibi pek çok hastalığın tedavisi aşamasında da kullanılmaktadır. Motivasyonel görüşme, danışanların belirsizliği keşfetmelerine ve çözmelerine yardımcı olarak davranış değişikliğini ortaya çıkarmak için danışan merkezli terapötik bir yaklaşımdır. Terapide, fiziksel tedavide hastalığa uyumu zorlaştıran davranışların değiştirilmesi için bireylere gerekli motivasyonun sağlanması amaçlanır. Bireylere, kronik hastalığa uyum sürecinde aile fertlerinin/ ebeveynlerinin desteği önemlidir. Motivasyonel görüşme, tedavi sürecinde aile üyelerinin/ ebeveynlerin tedavinin içinde olmalarını önemser ve bu şekilde bireylerin davranış değişiklikleri için motivasyonlarının artabileceğini vurgular. Sonuç olarak, Motivasyonel görüşme tekniği kronik hastalık uyum ve tedavi sürecinde, bireyin tedaviye uyumuna yardımcı olmakta ve aynı zamanda terapinin etkinliğinin artması için aile üyelerinin de tedavide etkin olmasını desteklemektedir.
“Primum Non Nocere”: Ameliyathanedeki Sağlık Profesyonellerinin Hasta Güvenliğine İlişkin Tutumlarının İncelenmesi
Authors: SAVCİ Aysegul , KARACABAY Kevser , ÖZTÜRK Betül , SÜTSÜNBÜLOĞLU Emel , YÜKSEL Burcu
Published: December 2022

Çalışmada ameliyathanedeki sağlık profesyonellerinin hasta güvenliğine ilişkin tutumlarının incelenmesi amaçlandı. Tanımlayıcı tipte olan çalışma 15 Ağustos 2020– 15 Mart 2021 tarihleri arasında ameliyathanede çalışan 201 sağlık profesyoneli ile gerçekleştirildi. Katılımcıların %73,6’sı kadın, %53,2’si lisans mezunu, %65,7’si ameliyathane hemşiresiydi. Ameliyathanede Güvenlik Tutumları Ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması 58,67 ± 13,62’dir. Katılımcılarımız ölçeğin alt boyutlarının çoğunluğunda ortalamanın üzerinde puanlar alırken, stres düzeyinin belirlenmesi boyutunda düşük puan aldılar. Ameliyathane teknikerlerinin, sağlık meslek lisesi/ön lisans mezunlarının ve kurumunda günlük gerçekleştirilen cerrahi girişim sayısı 0-9 olan katılımcıların güvenlik tutumlarının daha yüksek olduğu belirlendi. Çalışma saatleri dışında yeterince dinlenebildiğini düşünen ve hizmet içi eğitim programlarının belirlenmesinde gereksinimleri dikkate alınan katılımcıların güvenlik tutumları puanının daha yüksek olduğu belirlendi. Güvenli cerrahinin temelini oluşturan ve kalite göstergelerinden birisi olan hasta güvenliği kavramı ameliyathanedeki sağlık profesyonelleri için oldukça önemlidir. Ameliyathanedeki sağlık profesyonellerinin güvenlik tutumlarının geliştirilmesi gerektiği saptanmıştır.
Harcama ve Borç İlişkisi Açısından Osmanlı’da Saray Kadınları: “Sultan Abdülmecid'in Başikbali Nalandil Hanım Örneği”
Authors: IŞIKTAŞ Erkan
Published: December 2022

Türk ve Dünya tarihinde derin bir etki bırakan Osmanlı medeniyetinin izlerini bugün her sahada görmek mümkündür. Siyasi, iktisadi, sosyal ve kültürel boyutlarıyla geçmiş ve geleceğin kaderini tayin eden bu izler, pek çok akademik çalışmada ele alınmış ve bunlarla çeşitli tespitler ortaya konulmuştur. Ancak böylesine muazzam ve karmaşık bir medeniyetinin anlaşılması için muhtelif çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Osmanlı’da saray kadınlarının harcamalarından kaynaklanan borçlar meselesine dikkat çekilmiştir. Bu bağlamda borçlar meselesinin tarihsel sürecine değinilmiş, saray kadınlarının gösterişli ve masraflı yaşantılarından doğan borçların probleme dönüşmesinde etkili olan hususlar genel çerçevede incelenmiştir. Meselenin anlaşılabilmesi için de Sultan Abdülmecid'in Başikbali Nalandil Hanım örneği irdelenmiştir. Nalandil Hanım’ın harcamaları ve bunlara konu olan eşyanın orijin bakımından dağılımı ortaya konulmuştur. Böylece tespit edilen toplam harcama miktarı ile borçlar arasında bir mukayese yapılmış, borç bilançosunun dengesi kurulmaya çalışılmıştır. Borçların soruna dönüşmesinde etkili olan nedenler izah edilmiştir. Bu noktada devlet erkânının çözüm politikası ve yaşanan gelişmeler ele alınmıştır. Son olarak Nalandil Hanım örneğinden hareketle hanım sultanların sosyo-iktisadi yaşantıları doğrultusunda iltimasta oldukları esnaf ve ticaret ağlarına ilişkin değerlendirmeler de yapılmıştır.
«Well-being Standard» as a Tool for Achieving Strategic Goals of Socio-Economic Development of the State
Authors: Krivov V. D. , Postnikov S. L.
Published: December 2022

The article presents the prerequisites for the formation and analysis of the feasibility of de-veloping and putting into practice the «Standard of well-being», its basic provisions. The purpose of the study was to develop recommendations for the formation of a «Standard of well-being». The work is based on scientific and practical developments in the field of regulating the quality of life of citi-zens. The conducted research has shown that the «Standard of Well-being» can become a support for state policy in ensuring a decent and undiminished quality of life for the population of the Russian Federation, the realization of the inalienable constitutional rights of citizens, economic development, improving the efficiency and accessibility of public services, regardless of the subject of the federa-tion.
The Language of Modern Economic Science: Study Approaches
Authors: Rogozhnikova V. N.
Published: December 2022

The language of economic science is the backbone of its theory and practice: it describes economic reality and prescribes certain actions to deal with it. In addition, language is the basis of communication between representatives of various theories and approaches within the framework of economic science, and between economists and representatives of other sciences. Therefore, the eco-nomic language must be learned. The purpose of the article is to determine the most promising ap-proach to studying the language of economic science. Tasks of the research: 1) Define the concept of "language of economic science". 2) Compare the main approaches to learning the language of eco-nomics. 3) Determine the relationship of the language of economic science with its theory and prac-tice. The comparative method and the systematic approach were used in the research. We have iden-tified three main approaches to the study of economic language: terminological, economic, and phil-osophical. Terminology draws attention to the term as the main unit of the system of economic knowledge, economics analyzes the language as a resource, and only philosophy gives a holistic analysis of the language, highlighting its ontological and epistemological aspects, which allows us to raise the question of the nature of economic science and connect its language with the languages of other sciences.
New Economic Thinking is but a Well-forgotten Old One (Review of the book by A. Genovesi «Lectures on the Civil Economy»)
Authors: Kalmychkova E. N. , Pokidchenko M. G. , Chaplygina I. G.
Published: December 2022

The review examines A. Genovesi's book «Lectures on Civil Economy» as an example of the concept of cameralism against the backdrop of the socio-economic thought of the transition period from feudalism to capitalism
Definitions and Concepts of Organizational Sustainability
Authors: Rahman Mostafizur , Abd Wahab Dr. Sazali , Abdul Latiff Dr. Ahmad Shaharudin
Published: December 2022

This research paper provides a comprehensive literature review that thoroughly examines the definitions and different concepts of organizational sustainability. This paper also looks at how research gaps are addressed in the literature with a particular emphasis on issues of organizational sustainability. Overall, organizational sustainability, including issues and aspects related to sustainability, is discussed. Individual authors provide their perspectives on various aspects of organizational sustainability from their field research, case analysis, and creative search. It also includes a greater knowledge of how real economic activity concerns and political dynamics can inhibit decision-making related to operational or practical sustainability. Several sustainability viewpoints from around the world have provided a genuine mechanism for organizations to increase their financial success while minimizing their impact on the environment and society. This study urges that knowing an organization's ability to change and self-regulate on critical issues for long-term sustainability can help solve the socio-ecological dilemma. This study shows how firms approach sustainability and what fundamental issues still need to be resolved. The research has provided novel and unusual insights into the factors contributing to organizational sustainability. Additional value is generated by estimating progress toward the idea of organizational sustainability, identifying impediments, and analyzing various real-world examples of measures to enhance advancement toward that concept.
Dynamic Analysis of Simply Supported Functionally Graded Plates
Authors: Dandapat Sourish , Das Sreyashi , Pramanik Subhankar
Published: December 2022

Functionally graded materials (FGMs) are considered as a special composite material that is synthesized for a specific purpose by gradual mixing of two or more different materials thus with varying material properties through their thickness. Due to smooth and continuous varying material properties from one face to another, FGMs are usually superior to the conventional composite materials in mechanical behavior. Hence the dynamic analysis of FGM plates is essential. In this paper, numerical solutions for free vibration analysis of moderately thick plates composed of functionally graded materials with simply supported boundary conditions using finite element analysis have been studied. First-order shear deformation plate theory (FSDT) has been applied in the research. Eight noded isoparametric serendipity plate bending elements have been used. Young’s modulus and density per unit volume are assumed to vary continuously through the plate thickness according to a power-law distribution. The results have been validated with the existing literature available from other analytical and numerical techniques. The effect of different plate parameters such as aspect ratios, edge constraints, thickness to length ratios, and gradient indices on the natural frequencies of FG rectangular plates are presented. It is found that the natural frequency depends considerably on the said parameters.
Properties of Cement Pastes Replaced Partially by Sugarcane Bagasse Ash
Authors: Lairikyengbam Tanya , Thoudam Nirmala , Thokchom Suresh
Published: December 2022

In the present study, experimental program is carried out to study the effect of sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) on the various properties of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). To do so, various paste specimens were cast with OPC replaced by 10%, and 20% SCBA by weight of cement. The studied factors include compressive strength, apparent porosity, ultrasonic pulse velocity, and sorptivity. To quantify the SCBA potential, the results of OPC replaced SCBA specimens were compared than that of the OPC specimen. From the results, at the higher percentage replacement of SCBA, compressive strength was found to reduce significantly. Moreover, results of an ultrasonic pulse velocity tests revealed that the quality of paste specimen reduces with the increase in percentage replacement of SCBA,
On the Static Flexural Response of Shear Deformable Isotropic Rectangular Nanobeams under the Parabolic Loading
Authors: Pakhare KedarS. , Guruprasad P.J. , Shimpi RameshchandraP.
Published: December 2022

It is well known that size-dependent effects, which are insignificant for macroscopic structures, become significant for small-scale structures like nanobeams. In addition, effects of the beam transverse shear deformation, which are insignificant for slender beams, become significant for shear deformable beams. Hence the need arises for a beam theory which is simple-to-use as well as which accounts for just-mentioned features of shear deformable nanobeams. Recently, the authors have developed a single variable new first-order shear deformation nonlocal beam theory (NFSDNBT, doi: 10.1007/s40430-019-2128-6). The NFSDNBT is applicable for the flexure of linear isotropic nanobeams undergoing small deformations. Displacement functions of the NFSDNBT give rise to the constant transverse shear strain through the beam thickness. Hence similar to the nonlocal Timoshenko beam theory (NTBT), the NFSDNBT also requires a shear correction factor. In the NFSDNBT, nonlocal differential stress-strain constitutive relations of Eringen are utilized, through which size-dependent effects have been taken into account. These relations relate not only the beam axial stress with the beam axial strain but also the beam transverse shear stress with the beam transverse shear strain. The governing equation of the NFSDNBT is obtained by utilizing beam gross equilibrium equations and it has a strong resemblance with the governing equation of the nonlocal Bernoulli-Euler beam theory (NBEBT). In this paper, the NFSDNBT is utilized for finding the static flexural response of shear deformable isotropic rectangular nanobeams under the action of parabolically distributed transverse loading. For the simply-supported, clamped-clamped and cantilever nanobeams, effects of variations in values of the nonlocal parameter of Eringen and beam thickness-to-length ratio on the maximum non-dimensional beam transverse displacement are presented. Obtained results are compared with corresponding results obtained by utilizing the NTBT and NBEBT so as to demonstrate the efficacy of the NFSDNBT. Along-the-length profiles of the non-dimensional beam transverse displacement for the just-mentioned cases of nanobeams, for various values of the nonlocal parameter and beam thickness-to-length ratio are also presented.
Behaviour of Glass Fibre Reinforced Gypsum panels as Walls: An Update on the Recent Research Developments
Authors: Shaji Aishwarya , Krishna S.R.Gouri , Prasad A.Meher , Menon Devdas
Published: December 2022

The current housing shortage problem in the country, especially among the low-income groups and the necessity to address their shelter needs, led to the introduction of Glass fibre reinforced gypsum (GFRG) panels in India. These panels were originally developed in Australia in 1990 and later introduced in India, China, Hong Kong and other countries. They are light-weight, load-bearing walls used for rapid construction of affordable and eco-friendly houses (individual units to multi-storeyed buildings) and are being used in India for more than a decade. These are prefabricated in controlled-conditions in factories, from gypsum plaster reinforced with glass fibres along with certain special additives and are available in a fixed size of 12 m length, 3 m height and 124 mm thickness. The panels are hollow, with cavities of size, 230 × 94 mm, aligned along the height. These panels can resist axial, in-plane and out-of-plane loads and various studies conducted worldwide established the suitability of the panel for the construction of walls, slabs, staircases and parapet walls. GFRG buildings consist of GFRG panels as walls and slabs (without any beams and columns) and can be constructed up to 5-8 storeys in low to moderate seismic zones, and lesser height in higher seismic zones. Thus to properly understand the structural behaviour of the GFRG building system and to develop a proper design guideline, comprehensive research works were undertaken in India and other countries which includes the study to determine the various material and structural properties of the panel and this paper presents a critical review of the experimental and theoretical investigations on the structural behaviour of GFRG wall panels.
Assessment of Bridge Resilience Efficiency Using Data Envelopment Analysis
Authors: Lad V.H. , Patel D.A. , Chauhan K.A. , Patel K.A.
Published: December 2022

The assessment of resilience for bridges draws ample attention from bridge engineering and management community in recent years. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches are used to assess the resilience of the bridge. However, these approaches can be biased if they obtain bridge resilience scores without considering some essential variables such as age, design high flood level (HFL), and finish road level (FRL) of the bridge. Therefore, this study presents a methodology to measure the resilience efficiency of bridges using the data envelopment analysis (DEA). It computes the resilience efficiency of 12 bridges that are located across the Tapi river in Surat (India). For input and output variables of DEA model, variables like age, design high flood level (HFL), finish road level (FRL), and resilience score of the bridges are selected. Efficiency score was measured using a variable return to scale with an output-orientated Banker-Charnes-Cooper (BCC) formulation. A total of seven bridges out of twelve were observed inefficient as per this study. A sensitivity analysis is carried out to check the reliability of DEA model. Eventually, the finding of the study can be helpful to bridge owners for prioritizing the inefficient bridges to improve their resilience score.
Non-Linear Visco-elastic Pounding in Multi-span Simply Supported Isolated Bridges
Authors: Matia Santu , Das Diptesh
Published: December 2022

The pounding phenomena in multi-span, simply supported, isolated bridges under earthquake ground motion is investigated. The piers are considered as elastic members and the abutments as rigid ones. An isolated bridge, taken from literature, is modeled as a multi-degree of freedom system by using Matlab program and Simulink. State-of-the-art reveals that study on non-linear visco-elastic pounding in seismically isolated, simply supported bridges is limited. The present paper explores this problem of pounding in bridges by considering the bearing isolations. Results show that pounding occurs more prominently at the locations where there are changes in structural properties such as the changes in height of pier or the presence of abutment.
A Review on the Combined Effects of Seismic and Vehicular Vibrations on Long Span Bridges
Authors: Jacob Meera , Balakrishnan S.D.
Published: December 2022

Long span bridges are massive structures which are subjected to combined loadings. The increase in span length of long span bridges will result in decrease of their natural frequencies that renders them very susceptible to the actions of various combined dynamic forces. Dynamic loads such as vehicular movement and seismic excitations have greater potential in causing increased vibrations in long span bridges. The vehicular loading is highly variable and depends on type of vehicle, number of lane, behaviour of vehicle such as lane changing, traffic congestions and so on. Further, seismic excitations are characterized by its spatial variability parameters such as incoherence effect, wave passage effect and site response effects. From detailed review, it was found that fewer researches have been carried out in the field of dynamic effects of long span arch bridges and thus the study aims in determining the combined effects of seismic and vehicular vibrations on long span arch bridges.
Performance-Based Design of an Irregular RC Structure with and without Supplemental Damping
Authors: Rama J.S.Kalyana , Krishna B.Vamsi , Mohan S.C.
Published: December 2022

Many countries are undertaking changes in earthquake design codes, the main reason for it is that the existing building codes do not specify the performance criteria of individual structural elements under various levels of shaking. Even though some buildings performed well in life safety aspects, many of those failed in safeguarding the building from high extent of structural damage under severe shaking. Retrofitting had also proved to be uneconomical for the buildings to perform better under severe shaking. In the current earthquake codes, the displacements and forces are within the elastic limit i.e., the assumed behaviour is linear. But the response of a structure to the major earthquakes is not elastic. There is a high chance of yielding and the development of plastic hinges in the members. Therefore, it is required to perform the non-linear analysis for assessing the inelastic behaviour of the structure. In the present study non-linear static analysis was adopted to assess the seismic performance of an irregular building in plan with re-entrant corners using the capacity spectrum method. If either the drift limit of the structure or the response of the hinges is exceeding the desired level of performance, the structure is fed with supplemental damping to ensure the required performance. It was observed that the formation of hinges crossed life safety level and entered the collapse prevention state. As the response exceeded the desired level of performance a methodology to calculate the required supplemental damping for the structure is proposed. Depending on the level of safety of the structure, an appropriate supplemental damping value can be obtained from the proposed performance plots.
Effect of Vertical Setbacks of Space Frame Structure under Seismic and Blast Loads using Applied Element Method
Authors: Kumar K.Hemanth , Tripathi R.K.
Published: December 2022

Structures, when subjected to nonlinear dynamic loading, drastically affect the structure’s physical properties. The structural failure occurred at the critical points of weakness during the earthquake. These structural weaknesses observed in irregular structures are mainly due to the improper distribution of mass, geometry and stiffness. Architects usually prefer irregular buildings for the aesthetics point of view. These irregular structures are more vulnerable to dynamic loading.
On the other hand, the devastating failure due to bomb blast is also the concern for the study as many vital structures collapsed because of the terrorist attack. Such failures need to be checked by studying the performance of building under the earthquake and blast loading. The objectives of this paper are to compare the peak responses at each storey level of mass irregular space frame structure to the dynamic effect. Firstly, Time History of the Northridge earthquake spectra with Peak Ground Acceleration (P.G.A.) =8.660 m/s2 = 0.883g at 9.82 seconds considered and analysed. Secondly, blast material [1] composed of two different charge weights [2] 1000 kg TNT and 2500 kg TNT at a distance of 10m was considered. For responses to the structure, the most advanced numerical tool viz., Applied Element Method (AEM) has been used. It is concluded that the amplitude of Northridge earthquake’s maximum x-displacement at the terrace level is closer to maximum x-displacement for the blast load of 2500kg TNT but the time of occurrence was changed abruptly, i.e., Northridge earthquake maximum displacement occurs at the duration of nearly 10 sec, but the maximum displacement of blast load of 2500kg TNT is occurring almost at 0.2 sec, i.e., 50 times quicker in occurrence.
Application of MR damper in Base-isolated Irregular Building with different variable sliding Isolators
Authors: Sharma Ajay , Soni SudhirKumar
Published: December 2022

Application of Electromagnetic induction (EMI) based passively controlled and some local response governed MR dampers in controlling the isolator displacement in base-isolated Irregular building have been studied and compared with the Lyapunov controller. The Irregular building is hybrid isolated with elastomeric rubber bearings and a variety of sliding isolators subjected to strong near field earthquakes acting bi-directionally in horizontal plane. The shear type base-isolated Irregular building is modelled as three-dimensional linear elastic structure having three degrees-of-freedom at each floor level. Time domain dynamic analysis of the building has been carried out using constant-average acceleration Newmark-Beta method and non-linear isolation forces has been taken care by fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. It is observed that the EMI based passive controller performs better than the Lyapunov controller though it reduces less base displacement but gives lower structural response among all the controllers. Local response governed Hyperbolic and Aly’s controller require only velocity and displacement at controller locations sound simpler in application as compared to Lyapunov controller especially to civil engineering structures like Irregular building. The Hyperbolic controller restrains base displacement comparable to the Lyapunov controller but gives less base shear and story drifts to Irregular building. Variable frequency pendulum isolator (VFPI) and variable curvature friction pendulum system (VCFPS) sliding isolators perform better with MR damper control in comparison to conventional friction pendulum system (FPS) in base–isolated Irregular building.
Seismic Performance of Traditional Bamboo-Stilted House of Flood Plains in Assam
Authors: Laskar AbhishekKumar , Dutta NayanJyoti , Dutta Rahul , Darngawn Lalnghatlien , Hussain Aktar , Dutta AtanuKumar
Published: December 2022

This work studies the performance of a typical single storey, environmentally sustainable bamboo-stilted house located in the flood plain of Assam. Field study is done at the Nimatighat area of Jorhat, Assam, India, for collection of the building configuration and details of, material, structural, and foundation of a typical bamboo-stilted house. Modeling is done in SAP 2000®. The model has the most accurate representation of the structure including spring elements to account for soil-structure interaction. Based on the modal analysis results the best suitable model is finalized. The bamboo species found in the site is Bambusa balcooa (Botanical name). The physical and mechanical properties are as per IS 15912:2012. The geometrical properties of the bamboo elements are based on field study. Spring stiffness for footing is obtained using formulations from established literature as appropriate for the soil-type found in the site. The seismic performance of the finalized model is evaluated using the response spectrum method of IS 1893(Part 1):2016.
Use of critical response spectrum for design of multi-story steel buildings under multi-component seismic excitation
Authors: Kote P.B. , Madhekar S.N. , Gupta I.D.
Published: December 2022

During an earthquake, buildings are simultaneously excited by three-components of ground motion (two horizontal and one vertical) orientations of which are not known apriori. To take account for the uncertainty in the direction of incidence of earthquake waves, a structure is required to be designed such that it is safe for all directions of incidence. For this purpose, the combined effects of two horizontal components of motion are commonly determined using simplified methods such as the percentage rules (e.g. 100%+30%, 100%+40%), square root of the sum of squares (SRSS) and Complete Quadratic Combination (CQC-3) rules. The modern building codes recommend to estimate the orthogonal response quantities for the individual horizontal component of motion using response spectrum superposition methods with design spectrum in the principal direction of motion. In the present paper, a new method is proposed to evaluate the maximum response of multi-story buildings under the simultaneous action of two horizontal components of ground motion using the concept of critical response spectrum. The critical response spectrum is computed using the resultant response of a bidirectional single degree of freedom system at each time step under the simultaneous action of the two horizontal components of motion. For an illustration of the proposed method, steel building asymmetric in the plan is analysed using critical response spectra of the three different pairs of recorded ground motion and the results obtained are validated by comparison with the exact time-history solutions. The exact response is taken as the maximum of the responses estimated by applying the two horizontal time-histories of ground acceleration at different angles from 0 to 180 degree with respect to the structural x-axis. On the other hand, in the response spectrum method, two values of the desired response quantity are obtained by applying the critical response spectrum along the x- and y-directions of the structure and are combined using SRSS method. It has been found that the use of the critical spectrum provides a very convenient method for estimating the maximum response under multi-component excitation without the need for computation of critical incident angle of incidence.
Seismic Analysis of Flat Slab Buildings on Hilly Ground
Authors: Singh Aparna , Tolani Sunita , Bharti S.D. , Datta T.K.
Published: December 2022

In India, hilly region especially northern part is more seismically active region. Flat Slab systems are widely popular in multi-storey buildings. Flat slab building has more advantages than a regular building like fast construction, free design space, reduced floor to floor height and economical. Flat slab buildings are also being built in high seismicity region. Buildings on hilly ground are vulnerable due to their vertical and horizontal irregularity and they undergo high shear and torsion during the earthquake. Further due to short column and soft storey on uphill side has higher lateral forces that are cause to failure of buildings. In this paper, an attempt has been made to assess the seismic behavior of flat slab resting on hilly slope with soft storey and set back configuration. The methodologies have been adopted are linear dynamic analysis i.e. response spectrum analysis. Building is analyzed and designed by Etabs software. Maximum displacement, maximum inter-storey drift and storey shear are determined as response quantities. It is observed from the study that for flat slab buildings on hill slopes the storey shear is very high in the bottom columns at higher ground level, therefore extra care should be taken to design these columns for earthquake load.
Comparative Study of Progressive Collapse Potential of Steel Moment Resisting Frame and Braced Frame
Authors: Patel ParthavP. , Joshi DigeshD.
Published: December 2022

Progressive collapse is a situation where local failure of a primary structural component leads to the failure of adjoining members, which in turn leads to spread of failure resulting in the collapse of an entire structure or disproportionately large part of it. In this paper, the effectiveness of inverted V type bracings on progressive collapse resistance of steel building is presented. 4-storey moment resisting steel frame building is considered for the study. Progressive collapse analysis is carried out under ten different column and/or bracing removal scenario from the ground floor level by following the U. S. General Services Administration (GSA) guidelines. Linear Static and Linear Dynamic analysis is performed to evaluate progressive collapse potential of 4-storey steel building considered for the study using SAP2000 software. Alternate Path Method (APM) is used to determine the Demand Capacity Ratio (DCR) of selected beam, column and bracing members located in surrounding of removed column. From the analysis results in terms of DCR of beams and columns, it is observed that the addition of bracing members, reduces the risk of progressive collapse.
Effect of Shape and Size of Openings in Shear Walls on Lateral Deformations in Shear Walled Framed Structures
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Keshav V.
Published: December 2022

Due to the high density of occupancy of multi-storey structures, structural safety becomes of utmost importance. Shear walls are structural walls which assist the framed structure in resisting lateral forces due to wind and earthquake. Providing the shear walls in multi-storeyed buildings decrease the necessity of providing heavier frames thereby increasing the floor area available in the structure. Generally, openings are provided in shear walls for architectural and functional requirements of the building structure. It is well known that providing openings in shear walls significantly decrease its stiffness and tension/Compression coupling mechanism. Codes of various origins restrict the percentage of openings in shear walls, however, remain silent about the shape of opening. The Finite element analysis has become an essential method of analysis for incorporating the physical entities mathematically. This paper aims to numerically investigate the effect of opening shape and opening size on lateral deformations of a multi-storeyed framed structure. To this end various shapes of openings i.e. triangular, square, and circular are incorporated in the shear wall and for each opening shape 20% and 25% openings have been considered. A ten-storey building containing the shear walls of various configurations has been analysed using the SAP2000 under the seismic load condition and the maximum lateral deformation produced at top storey of buildings are compared.
Influence of Corrosion Deterioration on Lifetime Seismic Resilience of Highway Bridges
Authors: Chirdeep N.R. , Chowdary M.Bhargav , Shekhar Shivang
Published: December 2022

Highway bridges across the globe have demonstrated vulnerability to damage during earthquake events. While earthquakes occur infrequently, environmental degradation mechanisms such as chloride-induced corrosion deterioration are continuous and decrease the structural performance over time. There is a need to assess the performance of existing older bridges in India, taking into account the combined threats of corrosion degradation and seismic hazard. In this regard, resilience has emerged as a powerful tool to determine the bridge performance integrating the seismic vulnerability, losses, and recovery functions. This study presents a case-study for lifetime resilience assessment considering the effect of environmental and seismic hazards using a representative two-span semi-integral bridge. Finite element models of the bridge is developed at pristine and four degraded conditions considering chloride-induced corrosion. Nonlinear time-history analyses are conducted on the bridge models to develop time-dependent seismic fragility curves. Further, these fragility curves are used to estimate post-earthquake direct and indirect losses that are combined with suitable recovery models to estimate the functionality and resilience of the bridge. Results obtained from the analysis revealed a degrading trend of the resilience of the bridge as it deteriorates with age, representing the significance of lifetime seismic resilience assessment for estimating the performance of existing aging bridges.
Evaluation of Seismic Response of Irregular Buildings Subjected to Near-Field Earthquakes
Authors: Tomer Sahil , Bhandari Mohit
Published: December 2022

This study deals with the evaluation of the seismic performance of irregular buildings by comparing various seismic responses of six types of building, namely regular building, setback building, stepped building, mass irregular building, stiffness irregular building, and building with floating columns which are constructed of Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC) subjected to extreme earthquake loads. The nonlinear time history analysis (NTHA) method is carried out to obtain different seismic response parameters for all considered irregular and regular buildings. The structural response results are compared by applying real earthquake records of different near-field and Far-field earthquakes and were compared for four different seismic response parameters which include top storey displacement, inter-storey drift, top base shear, and pattern of plastic hinges formation. This research concludes that the storey displacement, storey drift, and top base shear is significantly less for stepped and setback buildings, and significantly high for mass irregular, stiffness irregular, and floating columns buildings as compared to a regular building. Stepped buildings yield less responses and high responses are yielded in the building with floating columns.