bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diversity analysis of phenotypic traits in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench)
Authors: Ranga Aman Deep , Chaudhary Ankush , Darvhankar Mayur S.
Published: August 2023

It is necessary to obtain cultivars which provide high yield by exploiting desirable traits from wild genotypes of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench). Okra genotypes were evaluated for phenotypic traits during 2018. High genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) occurred for nine traits and narrow differences between GCV and PCV indicated the influence of environment was negligible. High estimates of heritability, coupled with moderate to high genetic advance as a percent over mean, were recorded for nine traits. Thousand seed weight had a positive, significant, correlation with yield per hectare. Plant height and number of fruits per plant had direct and positive effects towards the yield per hectare The principal component analysis indicated the first 3 principal components contributed 80.517% of total variation among traits describing genotypes. Cluster analysis indicated hybridization of genotypes among inter-cluster I and II could be used to develop stable, uniform varieties in diverse climatic conditions. EC359637 and IARI Selection 2 are distantly placed and can be used for overall improvement in further crop breeding.
The use of brick-walled evaporative cooler for storage of tomato
Authors: Bayogan Emma Ruth , Secretaria Leizel , Lequigan Darlyn , Abad Reynaldo
Published: August 2023

A cost-effective alternative to cold storage is the brick-walled evaporative cooler (BEC). The effects of BEC on mature green and breaker ‘Diamante Max’ tomatoes were assessed. Two trials were carried out at ambient conditions with (i) 27.13±0.78 °C and 80.89±4.47%RH; (ii) 26.93±0.87 °C and 80.05±5.20% RH and with BEC (i) 25.49±0.58 °C and 99.90±0.10% RH; (ii) 25.42±0.90 °C and 97.75±3.25% RH. BEC-stored tomatoes showed 10.36% lesser weight loss, lesser decay incidence, redder color and better visual quality compared to control fruit. The higher L* and hue of around 90 in ambient-stored tomatoes indicated a lighter color as fruit turned to yellow compared to a lower L* and hue in BEC indicating a darker red color. An increased chroma was recorded as fruit turned from green or breaker to yellow, orange, or light red while the values of a* became negative. The BEC maintained the firmness and total soluble solids, especially in mature green tomatoes. After 49 days of storage, 61.8% of the fruit stored in the BEC were marketable compared to 23.3% in ambient conditions. The BEC system showed 27.16% higher annual benefit over cost than the ambient storage conditions. Thus, the BEC system can potentially maintain the quality of ‘Diamante Max’ tomatoes.
Comparative effect of different sugars instigating non-enzymatic browning and Maillard reaction products in guava fruit leather
Authors: V S Karthik Nayaka  , R B Tiwari , C K Narayana , K Ranjitha , Azeez Shamina , C Vasugi , R Venugopalan , S Bhuvaneswari , O J Sujayasree
Published: August 2023

Browning is a major quality deterioration process affecting both visual colour and nutritional value of guava leather. The aim of the study was to determine the role of different sugars viz., sucrose, fructose, glucose and sorbitol in non-enzymatic browning and antioxidant activity of guava fruit leather. The total free amino acids, ascorbic acid and antioxidant activities were at significantly lower levels in glucose and fructose treated guava leather, while the sorbitol added samples had all of above parameters at the highest level; while a reverse trend was observed in browning index and non-enzymatic browning. Among the browning intermediate products, Hydroxymethylfurfural was present at higher concentration (12.80-32.32 ng/g) than furfural (0.29-0.95 ng/g) in guava leather samples. Among the treatments, hydroxymethylfurfural was found lowest in sorbitol (12.8 ng/g) and highest in fructose (32.3 ng/g). In brief, this paper describes a novel effort in bringing the in-vitro studies related to sugars and total free amino acids, influencing the biochemical and nutritional attributes which are responsible for browning in guava fruit leather.
Occurrence of algal stem blotch in ber (Ziziphus mauritiana) under coastal Odisha conditions in India
Authors: Ganesan Sangeetha , M Panda , K Kishore
Published: August 2023

The investigation was carried out during 2017-18 to identify and document the emerging diseases of Indian Jujube or ber (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk.) in Odisha state located in Eastern part of India. Periodical visit and subsequent investigations revealed the occurrence of a new kind of stem blotch disease in ber caused by alga. Symptoms were observed on bark of the stem and branches as bright red velvety blotch colonies during July- September 2017. However dull grey blotches were visible throughout the year. Leaves and fruits were left unaffected. The algal stem blotch occurrence was assessed during the year 2018 and disease severity rangedfrom 9.4-14.8 per cent. The green alga was identified and confirmed as Trentepohlia arborum (Agardh) Hariot based on key morphological characters. The stem blotches lead to death of young twigs measured between 3 to 8 mm thickness on primary and secondary branches wherein thickness of branches was more than 10 mm, algal blotches caused cracking of bark. Present study highlights the causal agent of stem blotch of ber, its symptomatology, impact of disease and suggested management practices.
Effect of tree age on fruit characteristics, seed emergence and seedling growth in Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.)
Authors: Tetteh Rashied , Aboagye Lawrence Misa , Osafo Eric Ansah , Darko Robert , Dassah Augustine , Obirih-Opareh Jennifer
Published: August 2023

Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) is an important exotic fruit from Asia, which is gaining popularity due to its nutritional benefits. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of tree age on fruit characteristics, seed emergence and seedling growth of rambutan. The study was conducted at the CSIR-Plant Genetic Resources Research Institute, Bunso, Ghana. Fruits of rambutan were harvested from 8, 10, 25 and 40 years old trees at different locations of the field genebank. For each tree age, three trees were used as replicates. Fruits harvested from trees of different ages were assessed for total fruit weight, pulp weight, pericarp weight, seed weight, percentage seed emergence, seedling plant height and number of leaves at monthly intervals. Fruits harvested from 8, 10, 25 and 40 years old trees did not show significant difference in fruit characteristics and seed emergence. Significant (p<0.05) differences were observed in plant height and number of leaves at 5 and 6 months after emergence, respectively.
First report of Lasiodiplodia theobromae causing leaf spot on Flacourtia montana, a wild edible fruit tree of Western Ghats, India
Authors: C K Rasmi , Shambhu Kumar  , Jose P A
Published: August 2023

Flacourtia montana J. Graham wild edible fruit tree, endemic to the Western Ghats, India was found infected with leaf spot disease. Based on morphological characteristics, molecular analyses (ITS and LSU) and pathogenicity, the pathogen was identified as Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Pat.) Griffon & Maubl. (Botryosphaeriaceae).This is the first report of L. theobromae causing leaf spots on F. montana from Western Ghats, India.
Breeding tomatoes suitable for processing with triple disease resistance to tomato leaf curl disease, bacterial wilt and early blight
Authors: SADASHIVA AVVERAHAALLY , H S Oberoi , T H Singh , H C Prasanna , K Madhavi Reddy , M Krishna Reddy , K V Ravishankar , R S Nayana
Published: August 2023

India is the second largest producer of tomato with 11 per cent global share and cultivated on an estimated area of 0.76 million hectares with productivity of 24 tonnes per hectare. Less than 1% of the produce is processed when compared to 26% in other major producing countries. Of the estimated more than 41 million tonnes of tomato processed globally, only 130,000 tonnes were processed in India and domestic demand for processed tomato products is expanding at an estimated 30% annually. At present traditional fresh market tomato cultivars are being processed though such cultivars are unsuitable for processing. Processors in India are looking for high yielding tomato cultivars with high total soluble solids (5-6 º Brix), acidity not less than 0.4%, pH less than 4.5 and uniform red colour with a/b colour value of at least 2. In addition, firm fruited tomato cultivars with joint less pedicel (j2) which facilitate mechanical harvesting or rapid hand picking. ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research has recently developed two high yielding F1 hybrids in tomato viz: Arka Apeksha and Arka Vishesh suitable for processing. On evaluation for three years, both the hybrids recorded good level of total soluble solids (4.5-5º Brix) and colour value of 2. Further, both the hybrids had high yield potential (80-90 tonnes / hectare) with triple disease resistance to tomato leaf curl disease, bacterial wilt and early blight. Arka Apeksha and Arka Vishesh were also bred with jointless pedicel making them suitable for mechanical harvesting. Our experimental studies on vine storability revealed that all the fruits were intact on plants even 110 days after transplanting in the main field facilitating once over harvest.
Optimization of factors influencing osmotic dehydration of aonla (Phyllanthus emblica L.) segments in salt solution using response surface methodology
Authors: O.J Sujayasree , R B Tiwari , R Venugopalan , C K Narayana , S Bhuvaneswari , K Ranjitha , H S Oberoi , Azeez Shamina , T Sakthivel , V S K Nayaka
Published: August 2023

Optimization of process parameters is a critical requirement in food processing and food product industries for the development of highly acceptable product. Quantification of mass transfer kinetics under different processing conditions is essential step for optimizing the osmotic dehydration process. A Box-Behnken Design (BBD), adopted from response surface methodology (RSM) approach was used for evaluating and quantifying the moisture loss and solids gain kinetics of aonla segments in salt solution during the osmotic dehydration process. The independent variables were fixed at three levels (salt concentration- 2, 4, 6%; processtemperature - 45, 50, 55 OC and process time - 60, 120, 180 minutes). The process responses were water loss percentage (WL%) and solids gain percentage (SG%). Validation experiments were conducted at optimum conditions to verify predictions and adequacy of the models. The optimum conditions predicted were 5.02% salt concentration, 54.8 OC temperature and 60.64 minutes process time to attain a desired effect of maximum water loss (6.42%) and minimum solid gain (1.09%) in osmotic dehydration of aonla in salt medium.
Effectiveness of the Field Application of UV-C for Cucumber Downy Mildew Control
Authors: Skinner Nicholas , Rea Mark , Bullough John
Published: August 2023

There is growing interest in the application of ultraviolet (UV-C) energy to control crop pathogens. In the present study, the efficacies of UV-C treatments for controlling cucumber downy mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis) were investigated on a commercial farm in eastern Massachusetts, USA. Controlled doses of UV-C, delivered by a tractor-mounted array of sources, between 120 and 480 J·m-2 were applied and compared to conventional fungicide treatments as well as to untreated controls, for each of two consecutive years (2020 and 2021). Visual assessments of foliar disease severity in the trial plots were made several times from planting through the end of productive life. In contrast to the successful control of powdery mildew, the UV-C treatments for controlling cucumber downy mildew were not as successful as conventional fungicides. None of the UV-C treatments affected the overall progression rate of downy mildew once the disease became apparent, although disease onset was delayed slightly compared to untreated controls. This delay may have been due to UV-C induced resistance to infection by the host. Unlike powdery mildews, downy mildew spores from P. cubensis are darkly pigmented, possibly decreasing the efficacy of the UV-C treatments for controlling the disease.  DM spores may also be only susceptible to UV exposure prior to encysting in the leaves of the host, thereby perhaps limiting the window of opportunity when UV-C treatments can be effective. Although not the primary focus of this study, the use of reflective mulch appeared to delay disease onset relative to black mulch in fields with significant sunlight exposure, perhaps due to lowering plant stress by maintaining a lower soil temperature.
Screening of yard long bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis (L.) Verdcourt) genotypes for resistance to Colletotrichum gloeosporoides
Authors: ELZA GEORGE MERIN , S Sarada , M Joy
Published: August 2023

Anthracnose is one of the most destructive fungal diseases caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporoides in yard long bean, leading to complete crop loss at all stages and its parts like hypocotyls, stem, peduncle, flowers, leaves and pods were seriously affected. Few bush type cowpea cultivars have been earlier identified as reliable sources of resistance while trailing types are susceptible, but high yielding. Breeding resistant varieties is suggested as the only practical strategy, especially under hot and humid condition. Fifty-yard-long bean genotypes belonging to bush, semi erect and pole types were screened against anthracnose disease through artificial inoculation under pot culture. The present study identified the resistant varieties of vegetable cowpea through artificial inoculation followed by detached leaf assay. Among the 50 varieties of yard long bean observed, Kanakamony, dual purpose yard long bean was found highly resistant with disease severity of 3.67% followed by Arimbra local.
Identification of circular RNAs in resistant tomato genotype in response to ToLCBaV infection
Authors: Chidambara Bhavya , Elangovan Dayanandhi , Avverahally Sadashiva , Reddy Krishna , Kundapura Ravishankar
Published: August 2023

Circular RNAs (CircRNAs) are covalently closed non-coding RNAs that play an important role in a variety of biological processes. CircRNA profiling helps to understand biological process associated with various abiotic and biotic stresses. In tomato genotype IIHR- 2611 (resistant to ToLCBaV), a total of 193 CircRNAs were discovered, of which 72 and 121 were found in control (RC) and ToLCBaV inoculated (RI) plants respectively. Among them, 103 (53 %) were exonic CircRNA regulating the expressions of their parent genes. Relative expression of CircRNAs 2:45295638|45295796, 2:51520741|51530067 and 7:67566489|67566691 and their respective parent genes Solyc02g080530.3 (peroxidase), Solyc02g088950.2 (superoxide dismutase) and Solyc07g065840.2.1 (heat shock protein 90) response to ToLCBaV infection were analysed at different time intervals. A significantly positive correlation was observed for the expression profiles of all three circRNAs and their parent genes. Furthermore, the differential expression across samples as well as time interval indicates that CircRNA mediated gene expression is involved in viral resistance. The results of the expression assays of both superoxide dismutase and peroxidase were consistent with enzyme analysis. Overall findings demonstrated the importance of CircRNAs in ToLCBaVD resistance and suggested that CircRNAs could be key regulators of gene expression during disease resistance in tomato.
Standardization of container type, substrate and nutrition for potted plant production of China aster [Callistephus chinensis (L.) Ness.] var. Arka Archana
Authors: Smitha G R  , Sujatha A. Nair  , D. Kalaivanan
Published: August 2023

A study was conducted at the ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hesaraghatta, Bengaluru for three consecutive seasons during 2019-20, to standardize the container type, substrate combination and nutrition for potted plant production of China aster var. Arka Archana. The treatments comprised of two type of containers (plastic and coir), three substrates {Red soil + FYM + Sand (1:1:1 v/v), Arka Fermented cocopeat (AFC), AFC + Vermicompost (1:1 v/v)} and four nutrition concentration (160:30:180 ppm N:P: K, 128:24:144 ppm N:P: K, 96:18:108 ppm N:P: K and Jeevamrutha @ 3%) laid out in factorial completely randomized design with three replications. Plant height at flowering (33.12 cm), number of primary branches (12.4), plant spread (536.64 cm2), number of flowers/plant (26.47), flower size (5.26 cm) and uptake of major, secondary and minor nutrients were maximum in the plants grown in 6" plastic pots using the substrate combination of soil +sand +FYM (1:1:1 v/v/v) along with the weekly application of nutrient solution of 96:18:108 ppm NPK/plant. This production protocol resulted in a dense canopy and highly floriferous potted plants. The benefit cost ratio of potted China aster production was 1.70. This technology can be adopted by the nurserymen for large-scale commercial potted plant production.
A new genus and new species of springsnails (Gastropoda, Hydrobiidae) from North-East Morocco
Authors:   Mohammed First University, Taybi Abdelkhaleq F. , Glöer Peter ,   Biodiversity Research Laboratory, Mabrouki Youness ,   Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University
Published: August 2023

Recent field surveys on snails conducted in the oriental region of Morocco have led to the discovery of a new species belonging to a new genus, described here as Znassela bnisnasensis gen. et sp. nov. It can be distinguished from the other hydrobiid snails by the morphology of the shell and male anatomy. The new hydrobiid snail differs mainly by its elongated ovate shell with 4.5 whorls, slightly convex with a shallow suture, and by the penis showing a swelling near the penis tip; the latter has two penial appendices located on the same side. Znassela bnisnasensis has been found in the Béni-Snassen massif, considered a Protected Area in the north-eastern part of Morocco and which is a Site of Ecological and Biological Interest (known as SEBI or SIBE). Photographs of the holotype and paratypes are presented, with the penis morphology, habitat and information on its autecology.
El canto del cisne: del cancionero a La Celestina
Authors: Raposo Claudia Inés
Published: August 2023

La imaginería animalística tiene una no despreciable presencia en la poesía cancioneril del siglo XV castellano pero es particularmente llamativa la abundancia de referencias a animales en La Celestina, de Fernando de Rojas, como ha señalado Joseph Snow en un reciente artículo (2021). El presente estudio se enfoca en un animal en particular, el cisne. Luego de esbozar brevemente la historia de la leyenda del cisne y su canto antes de morir, nos abocaremos a relevar su presencia en el cancionero castellano, y analizar su funcionalidad en los textos y las formas en que los poetas se apropian del mito del ave. A partir de este análisis, y considerando estos usos como parte del contexto literario en el que Rojas escribió la Tragicomedia intentaremos interpretar el significado del cisne en ella y ponerlo en relación con otras metáforas animales y con la hermenéutica general de la obra.
Una nota sobre la descripción de la ira de Melibea y su relación con el De ira de Séneca
Authors: Fuentes Juan Héctor
Published: August 2023

Tomando como referencia los estudios de Fothergill-Payne (1986, 1988, 1993) sobre la presencia de Séneca en La Celestina, se ofrece un análisis detallado de la descripción de la ira de Melibea del Acto VI, escena 2, en relación con la tradición estoica de la infamatio irae y, de modo particular, con los retratos del airado del libro I, 1, 2-4 del De ira según la traducción castellana medieval dedicada a Sancho IV. Dicha traducción tuvo una importante difusión durante el siglo XV y su uso por parte del autor de la interpolación del Acto VI es absolutamente coherente con una intencionalidad docente y moral de La Celestina.
Celestina y el ajusticiamiento de Pármeno y Sempronio a la luz de la ley humana
Authors: Lizabe Gladys
Published: August 2023

Tras el homicidio de la vieja Celestina, en pocas horas sus asesinos son ajusticiados y terminan “descabezados en la plaza” como “públicos malhechores, con pregones que manifestaban su delito”. En este marco, la presente investigación reflexiona sobre algunos aspectos vinculados específicamente con el degollamiento de Pármeno y Sempronio a la luz de la ley humana administrada por el concejo y el alguacil y ejecutada por el verdugo de la ciudad. Realidad instalada en el imaginario y en las prácticas legales de la época, la pena capital por degollamiento era de larga data en Europa y en la Península Ibérica; así, en el fin desastroso de Pármeno y Sempronio, Celestina interpelaba a los lectores de fines del siglo XV a revivir y revisar una de las formas reales y más crueles e indeseadas del morir.
Fablar y sonar curso rimado por la cuaderna vía: la Cantiga de Santa María 420
Authors: Rio Riande Gimena del , Rossi Germán Pablo
Published: August 2023

El verso alejandrino es uno de los metros más usados en la poesía medieval castellana. Contemporáneo a otros ligados al ámbito de la lírica trovadoresca, fue históricamente estudiado en lo que respecta a la articulación del mester de clerecía y, por ende, abordado sin establecer relaciones formales con otro tipo de producción poética. Es nuestra intención vincularlo aquí a la compilación lírica medieval surgida en torno a Alfonso X, las Cantigas de Santa María, con especial interés en la forma métrico-estrófica y en el contenido y melodía de la cantiga 420, pieza que se transmite en un único manuscrito mariano, el códice de los músicos (E). Editada por Walter Mettman en seis estrofas de doce versos, creemos que cabe revisar su estructura formal partiendo de una divisio estrófica tripartita alrededor de diferentes núcleos temáticos relacionados con el relato de su vida de la Virgen María en los evangelios apócrifos. Desde lo filológico, esta propuesta nos dejaría ante un claro ejemplo de uso de la cuarteta monorrima de alejandrinos en cuaderna vía en el corpus alfonsí. El cruce interdisciplinario con la musicología nos permitiría, a su vez, dar cuenta de la organización y las características del material melódico de la cantiga con el objeto de analizar su complementariedad con la estructura formal. Estos datos sonoros posibilitan que el texto de carácter narrativo de la cantiga pueda destacarse dada la redundancia sonora y la relación de predominancia silábica con que cuenta la melodía conservada en el códice alfonsí.
Ciencia e investigación
Authors: Crisorio Ricardo Luis
Published: August 2023

El presente artículo advierte los problemas epistemológicos y metodológicos que enfrenta la investigación en el campo del cuerpo y en el de la educación. Advierte que: a) no toda investigación es científica; b) no todo saber es ciencia; c) toda ciencia es ciencia de un campo y un objeto.El artículo pregunta qué es la ciencia y responde con una breve síntesis de su historia, para proponer un cambio en lo que se entiende por ciencia y por método en los campos dichos.
El cuerpo en la pandemia. Individuo y colectividad
Authors: Tejeda Gonzalez José Luis
Published: August 2023

Los estudios del cuerpo adquieren una actualidad inusitada en la vida académica. Antes era minimizado ante la mente y el espíritu. En la modernidad, el cuerpo es descubierto, es explorado, indagado, experimentado. Es territorio de alegría y placer, es campo para el goce y el disfrute. El cuerpo es mortal y finito, es zona de las enfermedades y del fallecimiento. En multidisciplinas como la bioética y la biopolitica, el cuerpo es objeto del poder y de las relaciones sociales dominantes y punto distintivo entre la vida y la muerte. El cuerpo es también campo de confluencia del individuo y la colectividad. La contraposición clásica del individualismo y el colectivismo, se tiende a resolver con la ciudadanía, sujeto corporal y concreto, que concentra logros y expectativas sociales. La pandemia debilita la ciudadanía, y nos regresa a lo más insólito de la prepolitica, de la bestialidad humana desprovista de la libertad y la justicia, reducida a la mera sobrevivencia. Ante la prueba dura y difícil de la crisis sanitaria se debe buscar la reconstrucción cabal de la ciudadanía, punto nodal del cuerpo social, político e individual.
The Role of The Principal for Educational Reform in Indonesia
Authors: Mansir Firman , Purnomo Halim , Sa’adi Masyhar
Published: August 2023

This article described the role of a principal as a leader and manager in educational institutions in responding and contributing to educational reform in Indonesia. The leadership of the principal is one of the important points to advancing Indonesia. Along with their roles, principals should be able to bear the burden of responsibility in preparing the quality of education by the tasks and goals to be achieved. The research method in this article used a literature study with a qualitative approach. The results showed that there are many roles that a school principal can contribute to educational reform, such as improving educational facilities and infrastructure for students. Thus, the improvement of good facilities will support the learning and reflect the manifestation of the seriousness of a leader and manager in educational institutions.
Interior of The Study and Play Room: It’s Relationship to The Physical Development of The Child's Motor
Authors: Armanila Armanila , Jf Nurul Zahrani , Veryawan Veryawan
Published: August 2023

This study aims to find out the early childhood motor development contained in RA Rabbani Islamic School, how to implement the interior of the learning room and play on the physical development of children's motor and see the relationship. The research was conducted at RA Rabbani Islamic School located in Medan City, Medan Helvetia Subdistrict. The method used is qualitative with a phenomenological approach and data collection techniques through observation, interviews, documentation. Then, researchers perform data analysis techniques to compile the data obtained and finally, namely performing data validity techniques through source triangualization, engineering triagulation and time triangulation. The results showed that children's motor development is at a level of developing as expected, because in the implementation of the interior of the study and play room at RA Rabbani Islamic School is very concerned about the shape, color, lighting, texture, variability, material concept, and size of the interior, therefore there is a connection between the interior of the study room and play on the physical development of early childhood motor, From 15 children, there are 11 children who have achieved development as expected (BSH), and 4 children who are very well developed (BSB). If indicated, then the average value is 86, meaning that it has exceeded the value limit of 80, which is determined as the completion value of development achievements.
IMPLEMENTATION OF MORAL VALUES THROUGH SHORT STORY BOOK “TESTING HONESTY” BY LARA FIRDANA IN EARLY CHILDREN
Authors: Azzahra Nurma Annisa
Published: August 2023

Early childhood is in a golden age throughout the age range of human development. This period is a sensitive period, during this time the child is especially easy to receive stimuli from the environment. There are six aspects of development in early childhood that must be stimulated so that early childhood development can develop optimally. One of the efforts that educators and parents can do is to familiarize children with moral values. Moral is behavior about good or bad that will be accepted through one's actions, attitudes, obligations, morals and character. Each page of the short story contains values that can be applied to children, one of which is moral values. Children will benefit from the moral message conveyed by the author of the story content of a short story. This research was conducted using a qualitative method with a descriptive approach aimed at analyzing the intrinsic elements of the mandate and moral values of the short story. The results of the short story analysis show that there are four moral values conveyed from short stories that test honesty, namely family morals, honesty morals, curiosity morals, and social care morals.
Using A Genre-Based Approach To Improving Islamic University Students’ Writing Ability & Hots
Authors: Guntur Muhammad , Mustafa Mustafa
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of genre-based and conventional approaches on students' writing skills and HOTS. This study uses a quantitative design with a quasi-experimental method conducted at IAIN Palopo, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Sixty-two students from two classes were selected as research participants by dividing them into two groups, namely the experimental and control groups. Data were collected using two instruments: the writing assessment rubric and HOTS. The data that has been collected is then analyzed quantitatively by running the MANOVA test on SPSS 24.00. The results showed that the genre-based approach in the experimental group outperformed the control group, which used the conventional method to improve students' writing skills and HOTS.
Improving Children’s Cognitive Skills Through the Stone in Early Childhood
Authors: Ulfah St. Maria , Asdar Asdar
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine whether cognitive abilities be increased through stone media in early childhood. The formulation of the problem in this study is whether cognitive ability can be increased through stone media in Fathina Kindergarten. The subjects or informants of the study were children from the Fathina Kindergarten, Majene Regency, as many as 20 people. This research was carried out in the odd semester of the 2021/2022 academic year, which took place from August to October and was carried out at Fathina Kindergarten, Majene Regency.  The Concept of addition and subtraction through stone media at Fathina Kindergarten, Majene Regency, is experimental classroom action research (CAR). Experimental classroom action research is classroom action research conducted by trying to apply various techniques/strategies effectively and efficiently in a teaching and learning process activity, in this case, through the assignment method. Based on the results of research that has been carried out in Group B of Fathina Kindergarten with 20 students, increasing the ability through stone media has increased with the percentage value of 80%. From the results of the Classroom Action Research conducted by the researcher, namely increasing the ability through stone media, it can increase in Group B in Fathina Kindergarten.
Social Life And Islamic Education On Ethnic Madurese And Malays In The Sungai Besar Besar Darat
Authors: Abdullah Abdullah
Published: August 2023

This research was highly intention by the researcher's interest in social life and Islamic education on ethnic Madurese and Malays in the Sungai Besar, Darat Besar. Although there have been ethnic conflicts in several areas in West Kalimantan, but it contrast to the two ethnic groups namely Malay and Madurese in the area in Sungai Pinyuh Subdistrict and Sungai Besar, Darat Besar. Both ethnic relations are fairly good (harmonious). The focus of this research was to describe how Islamic Education has big influence in people social life. The method in this research was descriptive with qualitative research form and historical approach. The subjects of this research are religious leaders, local political figures, government officials, Karang Taruna community, BPD and Madurese and Malay Communities. The data in this research study was interviews and documentation. Data collection techniques conducted in this research used data reduction, data presentation and drawing the conclusion. The result of this study is the education and social condition of the community seems very good, with harmony atmosphere in society. In Sungai Bakau Besar Darat, even though they are  have different ethnicities and religions, but they can live in harmony, as the way to live together peacefully. They respect each other and make their differences as a new lesson  for seeking the pleasure of Allah SWT.
Political doctrine, economic growth, and the development of urban social security: Lessons from post-reform China
Authors: Huang Guan , Zhang Jinfeng
Published: August 2023

This study provides an empirical examination of the design and modification of China’s urban social security programme. In doing so, this study complements the popular assumption regarding the correlation between economic growth and social security development. Focusing on the economic and political motivations behind the ruling party’s decision to implement social security, this study first discusses the modification of urban social security and welfare in China. It then empirically demonstrates the mechanisms behind the system’s operation. This study proposes the following hypothesis: in a country like China, a change in the doctrine of the ruling party will affect government alliances, negating the positive impact of economic growth on the development of social security. In demonstrating this hypothesis, this study identifies a political precondition impacting the explanatory power of popular conceptions of social security development.
National-political priorities for the development of oil and gas resources in the Russian sector of the Caspian Sea
Authors: Eldarov Eldar Magomedovich , Gadzhiev Magomedkamil Dzhamalutdingadzhievich
Published: August 2023

The trends in the development of hydrocarbons of the Caspian shelf in the water area of the Russian Federation by domestic and foreign companies are analyzed. In accordance with these trends, the national-political priorities for the formation of an oil and gas chemical cluster in the national subjects of the Russian zone of the Pre-Caspian are substantiated.
Influence of a mandibular fixed orthodontic retainer on periodontal health
Authors: Kaji Akihiko , Sekino Satoshi , Ito Hiroshi , Numabe Yukihiro
Published: August 2023

Objective: To investigate the impact of bonded mandibular orthodontic retainers on local periodontal health.

Methods: Two groups of subjects were recruited and designated Group F+, individuals who were provided with a fixed wire lingual retainer in the mandibular anterior area following orthodontic treatment and Group F−, individuals with no fixed wire and no clear sign of mandibular anterior malalignment. A clinical examination, a biochemical analysis, and a bacteriological analysis were performed at commencement baseline (BL) and at 1 week (T1), 4 weeks (T2), and at 8 weeks (T3) following retainer placement. The vertical position of the fixed wire relative to the clinical crown height in Group F+ was recorded and the subjects assigned to Subgroups Wi or Wg (the wire nearer or farther from the incisal edge, respectively).

Results: Significant increases were found in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) quantity, elastase activity, and protein content between T1 and T3 for both Group F+ and Group F−. A significant increase in F-Hb concentration was also found in Group F+. A comparison of the two groups identified significant differences for T3−BL in elastase activity and protein content. A Group Wi and Wg comparison showed significant baseline changes only in the F-Hb concentration at T2 and T3.

Conclusions: There was no difference in the status of the periodontal tissue between individuals with and without fixed retainers. In addition, the vertical position of the fixed retainer wire did not appear to influence periodontal health. The result, however, was obtained in subjects who possessed good oral hygiene. Attention should be paid to a patient’s oral hygiene when employing the fixed retainer.
An assessment of late fixed functional treatment and the stability of Forsus appliance effects
Authors: Weimin Gao , Xiangdong Li , Yuxing Bai
Published: August 2023

Objective: To evaluate the treatment effects and stability of Forsus appliance therapy.

Methods: Thirty-one patients (15 males, 16 females) with a mean age of 15.8 ± 3.1 years (range 13 to 17.6 years, 15.3 ± 1.2 years for females and 16.5 ± 1.6 years for males) were selected. All patients had passed beyond their pubertal growth phase (after CS4 or MP3cap). Lateral cephalograms and three-dimensional (3D) models were analysed before treatment (T0), at the end of treatment (T1) and at a follow-up visit (T2). The mean period from T1 to T2 was 25 months and ranged from 17 to 32 months. Tooth position and angulations, together with maxillary and mandibular position, were measured on cephalograms. The inclinations and vertical distance changes of mandibular incisors were measured on a 3D digital model.

Results: The Forsus appliance produced significant skeletal and dental changes during treatment (from T0 to T1). In the sagittal plane, mandibular length (Co-Gn) increased 6.47 mm, the maxillary incisors and molars uprighted (∠U1-SN decreased 8.97° and ∠U6-SN decreased 3.51°), the mandibular incisors proclined (∠L1-MP increased 3.93°) and the mandibular molars advanced (L6-SP increased 3.61 mm). In the vertical plane, the maxilla and mandible rotated clockwise (∠PP-SN, ∠MP-SN, ∠OP-SN increased significantly) and the mandibular molars extruded (L6-MP increased 3.06 mm). All of the changes remained relatively stable after treatment. Cephalometric sagittal and vertical changes affecting the mandibular incisors from T1 to T2 were statistically insignificant (p > 0.05) except for lower incisor extrusion (L1-MP, p < 0.05).

Conclusion: The Forsus appliance induced significant skeletal and dental changes, which remained relatively stable during the observation period. The mandibular incisors, in particular, were stable two years after treatment.
Long-term results of surgically-assisted maxillary protraction
Authors: Nevzatoğlu Şirin , Küçükkeleş Nazan
Published: August 2023

Objective: The long-term treatment results of surgically-assisted facemask therapy were assessed by a comparison of the immediate protraction effects with those seen at five years review.

Materials and methods: Nine patients treated with a corticotomy-assisted maxillary protraction protocol were recalled five years following protraction. Cephalometric films taken before treatment (T0), immediately after maxillary protraction (T1) and five years after treatment (T2) were compared.

Results: The short-term results of surgically-assisted facemask therapy showed significant skeletal and soft tissue changes. After five years, the profile and dental relationships were well maintained and a cephalometric analysis revealed a stable vertical increase but only partially maintained soft tissue changes with loss of sagittal advancement. There was significant upper incisor proclination providing dental camouflage.

Conclusion: Patients who are treated with corticotomy-assisted maxillary advancement should be very carefully selected. Assessment criteria include a low mandibular plane angle Class III patients who have severe maxillary retrognathism unable to be treated by conventional orthopaedic correction alone; patients who have almost completed growth and missed the chance of earlier orthopaedic correction, as well as patients who are not willing to accept bimaxillary orthognathic surgery, may be successfully treated.
The Relationship Between Early Life Adversity and Academic Competence in Early Childhood
Authors: Green Alyssa B. , Hennefield Laura
Published: August 2023

It is well-documented that early life adversity negatively affects children academically and that these impacts magnify as the number of negative life events (NLEs) they experience increases. However, it is unclear whether the types of NLEs children are exposed to differentially relate to their levels of academic competence, a component of educational functioning. The present study addressed this question by assessing the relationships between different types of early life adversity and academic competence in 4- to 6-year-olds (N = 111) using secondary data analyses of parent reports in which respondents indicated children’s levels of academic competence and exposure to NLEs. The results showed that family turmoil (b = –2.31, 95% CI [–4.05, –0.57], p = .01, f2 = .07), poverty (b = –2.92, 95% CI [–4.31, –1.53], p < .001, f2 = .16), and violence (b = –3.43, 95% CI [–5.14, –1.73], p < .001, f2 = .15) negatively predicted academic competence, whereas family separation and death/illness did not relate to academic competence. Additionally, poverty negatively predicted academic competence above and beyond family turmoil and violence (b = –2.36, 95% CI [–0.49, 0.72], p = .03, f2 = .04). These findings demonstrate that some, but not all, types of NLEs negatively predict preschoolers’ academic competence, illustrating the differential relationship between different types of early life adversity and academic performance. Moreover, these findings reveal the deleterious impacts of certain types of NLEs on children’s academics prior to beginning formal education, suggesting the importance of early intervention targeting family turmoil, poverty, and violence from a young age.
Comparative analysis of strategic socio-economic stability in the real estate markets of the largest cities of Russia and China
Authors: PETROVA Polina M.
Published: August 2023

Subject. The article analyzes the degree of stability of real estate markets of megacities in Russia and China.
Objectives. The aim is to perform a comparative analysis of socio-economic stability of metropolitan real estate markets in Russia and China to identify similar characteristics of strategic trends in the housing market that affect the occurrence of an emergency period.
Methods. The study employs methods of economic analysis and comparison. To perform a strategic analysis, I apply the strategizing methodology by V.L. Kvint, a foreign member of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Results. Based on the comparative analysis of residential real estate markets in Moscow and in China, where the characteristics of emergency period are observed, I identified some prerequisites for the emergence of the considered strategic threat in the capital of Russia. The paper also presents a method to assess socio-economic stability of the residential real estate market in other megacities.
Conclusions. The findings may be useful for national (regional) government structures to identify the characteristics of the emergency period in the real estate market in order to minimize the potential negative impact of the phenomenon under consideration on the quality of life of the population.
Innovative processes in the German pharmaceutical industry
Authors: DOLENINA Ol'ga E. , PEREVALOVA Viktoriya D.
Published: August 2023

Subject. The article addresses Germany's competitive position in the global pharmaceutical market and R&D development in the pharmaceutical industry.
Objectives. The purpose is to provide a unique comprehensive study of innovative processes development in the pharmaceutical industry, using the case of German companies, explore innovative approaches to solving production problems, identify leading German companies in the field of biotechnology, and reveal the most promising areas for the development of German pharmaceuticals.
Methods. We employ statistical and cartographic methods, and methods of comparative and economic analysis.
Results. In their activities, German pharmaceutical companies combine the production of medicines, medical equipment, innovative developments, and implementation of various treatment, therapy and diagnostic programs. In a highly competitive global generic market, in Germany, there is a trend towards intra-industry structural transformation of pharmaceutical companies. The paper analyzed R&D spending, the geography of research centers of German pharmaceutical companies in the world, and their activities.
Conclusions. The specifics of German pharmaceutical industry is the manufacture of high-tech products, using medical biotechnologies, which provides the country's advantage in the world market. Despite the presence of competitors in the generic market, i.e. India and China, German biotechnology-based pharmaceuticals continue to be in high demand among consumers as a high-quality product.
Financial characteristics of the Russian economy
Authors: SMIRNOV Valerii V.
Published: August 2023

Subject. This article characterizes the Russian economy in the financial aspect.
Objectives. The article aims to describe the Russian economy from the financial perspective.
Methods. For the study, I used a systems approach based on a statistical analysis.
Results. The article reveals a decrease in long-term liabilities of the external debt of the Russian Federation and an increase in short-term ones, as well as the reason for this phenomenon. The article determines that the dynamics of exports of goods and services (received) and imports of goods and services (paid), primary and secondary incomes indicate an export-oriented model of economic development.
Relevance. The provisions of the study give the expert community a real idea of the financial characteristics of the Russian economy.
Using the multidimensional scaling method when assessing the financial feasibility of including foreign exchange market assets in securities portfolios
Authors: KURLYANDSKII Viktor V. , BILANENKO Aleksandr N.
Published: August 2023

Subject. This article discusses the application of the multidimensional scaling method to improve the methods of formation and effective management of a portfolio of securities.
Objectives. The article aims to prove the rationality of using the multidimensional scaling method to assess the financial feasibility of including foreign exchange market assets in securities portfolios.
Methods. For the study, we used the methods of correlation analysis and multidimensional scaling.
Results. The article finds that the use of the multidimensional scaling method helps identify similar features of the assets of the securities market and the foreign exchange market, and confirms the rationality of using this method when assessing the financial feasibility of including foreign exchange market assets in securities portfolios.
Conclusions. The article concludes that it is necessary to make changes to the traditional decision-making model in portfolio investment, recognizing the use of multidimensional scaling to assess the economic feasibility of including foreign exchange market assets denominated in the same currency as portfolio assets in securities portfolios as rational.