bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disconnection from prediction: a systematic review on the role of right temporoparietal junction in aberrant predictive processing
Authors: Masina Fabio , Pezzetta Rachele , Lago Sara , Mantini Dante , Scarpazza Cristina , Arcara Giorgio
Published: January 2022

The right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ) is a brain area that plays a critical role in a variety of cognitive functions. Although many different theoretical proposals tried to explain the ubiquitous role of rTPJ, recent sources of evidence seem to suggest that rTPJ may be a fundamental cortical region related to different kinds of predictions, easily interpreted in light of the predictive processing framework.This systematic review aims to better investigate the potential role of rTPJ under a predictive processing perspective, providing an overview of cognitive impairments in neurological patients as the consequence of structural or functional disconnections or damage of rTPJ. Results confirm the involvement of rTPJ across neurological pathologies in almost all tasks, tapping on different cognitive functions. RTPJ, via its connections with other brain networks, would integrate diverse information and update internal models and expectations of the world. Against traditional views of the mind, which tend to focus on specific and separate domains, we argue that the role of rTPJ can be parsimoniously interpreted as being a key hub involved in domain-general predictions. As discussed here, predictive mechanisms may be impaired in neurological diseases that involve rTPJ and cause a variety of domain-general disorders. This alternative account of rTPJ role in aberrant predictive processing paves new ways for developments for basic research and has relevant clinical implications. Reconceptualizing these modules as emergent phenomena from a set of mechanisms, with prediction-related processing at the core, may open different perspectives, stimulating new hypotheses also in clinical contexts.
Leveraging Math Cognition to Combat Health Innumeracy
Authors: Thompson Clarissa A. , Mielicki Marta , Rivera Ferdinand , Fitzsimmons Charles , Scheibe Daniel Aaron , Sidney Pooja Gupta , Schiller Lauren , Taber Jennifer M , Waters Erika A.
Published: January 2022

Rational numbers (i.e., fractions, percentages, decimals, and whole-number frequencies) are notoriously difficult mathematical constructs. Yet, correctly interpreting rational numbers is imperative for understanding health statistics, such as gauging the likelihood of side effects from a medication. Several pernicious biases impact health decision making involving rational numbers. In our novel developmental framework, the natural number bias--a tendency to misapply knowledge about natural numbers to all numbers--is the mechanism underlying other biases that shape health decision making. Natural number bias occurs when people automatically process natural-number magnitudes and disregard ratio magnitudes. Math cognition researchers have identified individual differences and environmental factors underlying natural number bias and devised ways to teach people how to avoid these biases. Although effective interventions from other areas of research can help adults evaluate numerical health information, they circumvent the core issue: people’s penchant to automatically process natural number magnitudes and disregard ratio magnitudes. We describe the origins of natural number bias and how researchers may harness the bias to improve rational number understanding and ameliorate innumeracy in real-world contexts, including health. We recommend modifications to formal math education to help children learn the connections among natural and rational numbers. Additionally, we call on researchers to consider individual differences people bring to health decision-making contexts, and how measures from math cognition might identify those who would benefit most from support when interpreting health statistics. Investigating innumeracy with an interdisciplinary lens could advance understanding of innumeracy in theoretically meaningful and practical ways.
What would have happened? Counterfactuals, hypotheticals, and causal judgments
Authors: Gerstenberg Tobias
Published: January 2022

How do people make causal judgments? In this paper, I show that counterfactual simulations are necessary for explaining causal judgments about events, and that hypotheticals don't suffice. In two experiments, participants viewed video clips of dynamic interactions between billiard balls. In Experiment 1, participants either made hypothetical judgments about whether ball B would go through the gate if ball A weren't present in the scene, or counterfactual judgments about whether ball B would have gone through the gate if ball A hadn't been present. Because the clips featured a block in front of the gate that sometimes moved and sometimes stayed put, hypothetical and counterfactual judgments came apart. A computational model that evaluates hypotheticals and counterfactuals by running noisy physical simulations accurately captured participants' judgments. In Experiment 2, participants judged whether ball A caused ball B to go through the gate. The results showed a tight fit between counterfactual and causal judgments, whereas hypotheticals didn't predict causal judgments. I discuss the implications of this work for theories of causality, and for studying the development of counterfactual thinking in children.
Gender sorting among economists: Evidence from the NBER
Authors: Davies Benjamin
Published: January 2022

I compare the co-authorship patterns of male and female economists, using historical data on National Bureau of Economic Research working papers. Men tended to work in smaller teams than women, but co-authored more papers and so had more co-authors overall. Both men and women had more same-gender co-authors than we would expect if co-authorships were random. This was especially true for men in Macro/Finance.
The Impact of Procedural Activity of the Parties and the Application of Judicial Concentration of Proceedings on Evidence in Civil Litigation
Authors: Koľveková Viktória
Published: January 2022

Judicial concentration of proceedings can be considered a sanction institute of the currently standardized civil dispute process in the conditions of the Slovak Republic. The possibility of its application by the court encourages the disputing parties to apply the means of procedural attack and procedural defense in a timely manner (with regard to the speed of proceedings and procedural economy), under the threat of disregarding delayed procedural acts. The liability of the parties to the dispute for the outcome of proceedings, with regard to the degree of their procedural diligence, has been raised to the level of a decisive factor in achieving a fair settlement of the dispute by the court. The essence of the paper is to define the impact of the procedural activity and the impact of the application of judicial concentration of proceedings on proving, which we consider to be the central stage of the litigation process, with regard to the scope and content of the evidentiary process.
Learning in Place: The Teaching Archivist and Place-Based Education
Authors: Beam Carey , Schwier Carrie
Published: January 2022

Place-Based Education (PBE) uses students’ local environments, communities, resources, and people to provide immersive learning opportunities. This educational approach advantages students’ interest with the familiar to engage in more meaningful learning, develop stronger connections to their communities, and heighten their appreciation for their surroundings (both physical and cultural). Instructional archivists at higher education institutions often encounter the power of place commonly referred to in PBE literature. By explaining the foundation of this teaching method, its strengths and potential weaknesses, and PBE case studies featuring the university archivist and house museum director at Indiana University, this article explores PBE in the context of using campus archival collections for instructional purposes.
Pengembangan Game Edukasi Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Bagi Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus Tuna Rungu
Authors: Alwan Ahmad Zuhdi
Published: January 2022

Game edukasi merupakan media pembelajaran yang bersifat mendidik agar pengguna mendapatkan pengetahuan dengan cara bermain sambil belajar. Semakin berkembangnya teknologi membuat segala bidang kehidupan untuk saling meningkatkan mutu dan kualitas sistem informasinya guna mengikuti perkembangan di era globalisasi ini. Penelitian ini mempunyai tujuan mengembangkan game edukasi bagi anak berkebutuhan khusus tuna rungu sebagai media pembelajaran yang interaktif dan efektif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk pengembangan game ini adalah scrum, yang memiliki 3 pola proses, yaitu pregame, game, dan postgame. Hasil dari penerapan metodologi scrum pada pengembangan aplikasi game edukasi ini yaitu fitur motif batik tradisional, ornament utama, ornament isian, ornament pelengkap, alat dan bahan, mendesain motif, dan bahasa isyarat pada menu materi dan permainan tebak alat dan bahan, tebak ornament utama, pasang motif batik, dan tebak ornament pelengkap pada menu gim.
The role of individual income tax administration in managing the competitiveness of agricultural enterprisesvv
Authors: Marmul Larisa , Novak Natalia , Khalilov Edem
Published: January 2022

The subject of research is theoretical, methodological and practical aspects of managing the efficiency and competitiveness of agricultural enterprises, taking into account the administration of personal income tax. The purpose of the article is to determine the role of personal income tax administration in managing the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises, identify its problems and justify proposals for their solution. The methodological basis of the article is historical, monographic, system-structural analysis and synthesis, statistical and economic, accounting, problem-target. The results of the article. It is determined that the administration of personal income tax as one of the most important in filling the state budget has a significant impact on the efficiency and competitiveness of agricultural enterprises, especially in terms of the tax rate on wages and other personal income; spending time and money on taxation processes. It was found that its rate of 18,0% on the wage bill is quite rational, but it can be optimized to the world average of 16,1% or less in order to stimulate employment and the formation of the middle class in rural areas. Other problems, which concern rather large (almost 2,0 times more than the world average) expenditures of time and money), should be solved by automating accounting processes, online consultations with tax authorities, internal control over timely payment of taxes. Field of application of results. In educational institutions of higher education, in managing the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises and corporations. Conclusions. The administration of personal income tax is an important factor in shaping the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises and its management. Its impact is directly through the amount or rate of tax; the procedure for its accrual and payment; time and money costs associated with administration. It should be noted that the share of PIT in relation to wages is quite acceptable and, on average, reaches 18,0% at 16,6% of the world average. However, together with the shares of SDRs and military dues, tax accruals increase significantly and exceed the 30% barrier, which is much higher than in the European Union. In general, high wage accruals do not motivate the work of the rural population. This is especially noticeable when rent for land shares is used as a source of passive income. The next problem that needs to be addressed is the significant cost and time spent on PIT administration. It allows automation to solve. Automation of personal income tax accounting is an important part of the automation of management processes and accounting of agricultural enterprises. It provides an opportunity not only to organize the automated workplace of each accountant, but also to improve the work by creating in the accounting department responsible for keeping records of inventory and other resources; labor and wages, taxes; production; product sales.
Accounting and analysis of operating expenditure of agricultural enterprises
Authors: Pylypenko Kateryna , Koval Svetlana , Kucherenko Mykola
Published: January 2022

The subject of research is the theoretical and practical aspects of accounting and analysis of operating costs of agricultural enterprises, their impact on financial results, as well as proposals for optimization. The purpose of the article is to identify and summarize the features of accounting and analysis of operating costs of agricultural enterprises, establishing their impact on financial performance and development of optimization proposals. The methodological basis of the article is a monograph, system-structural analysis and synthesis, accounting, economic and statistical methods. The results of the article. It is established that the accounting of operating expenses is regulated by the NP (S) BU and its relevant forms. Their information is the main basis for their comprehensive analysis. Its implementation allowed to determine their constant increase and identify its factors. It was found that the cost of production, administrative costs, marketing costs and others are of paramount importance in the structure of operating expenses. They are also the ones who significantly shape the financial results of agricultural enterprises. Therefore, it is their optimization that increases profits as the main financial result. Field of application of results. The results can be used in higher education institutions, agricultural enterprises and other agribusiness entities. Conclusions. It is established that in the structure of operating costs the largest share is the cost of production, labor costs, administrative costs and marketing costs. They have been characterized by a significant increase over the last three years due to the constant growth of their components. Therefore, their optimization, as shown by the analysis of operating activities of agricultural enterprises, is based on reducing the cost of production by increasing the productivity of resources and labor, as well as reducing administrative costs due to improved organization of business and production processes. Changes in operating expenses are a factor influencing the dynamics of financial performance of economic entities, namely gross profit and profit from operating activities.
Pengelompokan Dampak Gempa Bumi Dan Kerusakan Pada Wilayah Berpotensi Gempa Di Provinsi Sumatra Barat
Authors: Sugiyarto Ipin , Irawan Rama , Rosiyadi Didi
Published: January 2022

Pemrosesan data yang disimpan tidak hanya dapat disimpan, tetapi dapat digunakan sebagai representasi pengetahuan di masa depan. Data bencana gempa bumi digunakan untuk mewakili pengetahuan dari wilayah Provinsi Sumatera Barat, di mana data bencana gempa bumi diambil dari situs web resmi Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana (BNPB). Dengan demikian, ada kebutuhan untuk memiliki tingkat dampak gempa paling banyak di Provinsi Sumatera Barat karena gempa bumi yang terjadi pada periode 2001 hingga 2018. Teknik penambangan data klastering digunakan untuk menentukan daerah dampak gempa menggunakan Pengetahuan Discovery Data Metode Penambangan (KDD) yang terdiri dari Pemahaman Domain, Seleksi tambahan (Seleksi Data), Preprocesing (Pembersihan Data, Pengambilan Sampel Data), Transformasi (Normalisasi Data), Penambangan Data (K-means & Linear Regresi), Evaluasi dan Interpretasi (klaster & Prediksi) Studi ini telah menguji model menggunakan K-Means dan Linear Regresi untuk mengklasifikasikan dan memprediksi dampak gempa bumi. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa penggunaan metode K-Means menghasilkan 3 klaster dengan dampak gempa paling besar di kota Padang pada tahun 2009, sedangkan penggunaan Liniear Regresi memperkirakan dampak korban dan kerusakan pada fasilitas dan unit yang sering terjadi di lokasi gempa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengimplementasikan dan mengkategorikan dan memprediksi untuk mengetahui hasil dampak dan kerusakan gempa yang terjadi di provinsi Sumatera Barat.
Managing Classroom: School Teacher's Perceptions about Techniques and their Effectiveness for Student's Learning
Authors: Hussain Bashir , Zulfqar Asia , Tahir Tayyaba Batool
Published: January 2022

Managing classrooms is the central component of effective teaching and learning practices and, therefore, has always been the concern of teachers. The literature demonstrated that classroom management techniques are generally oriented either towards discipline or towards engaging students with learning. Teachers generally perceive classroom management techniques with an orientation either towards one or both, and these perceptions are likely to guide them about the way they manage their classrooms. In this context, the main intent of this research was to identify techniques that school teachers perceive as classroom management techniques (along with their orientation) and to examine the effectiveness of those techniques for supporting students’ learning. This research further examines gender differences among teachers related to these questions. This research used descriptive survey research design. The teachers in 190 elementary schools of district Dera Ghazi Khan served as population. Using cluster and stratified random sampling techniques, a sample of 406 elementary school teachers was selected. Of these 406teachers, 128 were female, and 278 were male. A questionnaire, adopted from Asiyai (2011), was employed as a research tool. The reliability of the tool was computed through Cronbach-Alpha coefficient, and validity was ensured by aligning items with research questions. It was found that teacher sightly believe that although both discipline- and engagement-oriented aspects of management can be perceived as classroom management techniques, both are also effective for students' learning
Pengaruh Motivasi Dan Kompetensi Terhadap Kinerja Perawat Di Instalasi Paviliun Tandang Pada Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kabupaten Sumedang
Authors: Kurniasih Nining
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAK

Temuan dari hasil penelitian ini membuktikan seluruh hipotesis penelitian ini yaitu terdapat pengaruh motivasi kerja dan Kompetensi, baik secara simultan maupun secara parsial. Pengaruh yang ditimbulkan dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan arah yang positif, yang berarti bahwa motivasi kerja yang lebih baik dan adanya Kompetensi  yang baik akan meningkatkan kinerja Perawat,  Motivasi perawat  merupakan suatu bentuk kesediaan untuk berusaha keras mencapai tujuan organisasi dengan memperhatikan usaha memuaskan beberapa kebutuhan, serta upaya untuk memperbaiki dan membentuk pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku karyawan sehingga karyawan tersebut secara sukarela berusaha bekerja secara kooperatif dengan para karyawan lainnya untuk meningkatkan kinerjanya.

Pengaruh motivasi kerja  terhadap  kinerja perawat, untuk melihat apakah ada pengaruh  antara variabel  motivasi  dan kinerja perawat, hal perlu dilakukan adalah menentukan hipotesis, berdasarkan hasil perhitungan diperoleh H0  ditolak dan H1 diterima. Artinya terdapat pengaruh  antara motivasi dan kinerja perawat. sedangkan besarnya pengaruh motivasi terhadap kinerja perawat artinya motivasi  naik, maka kinerja akan meningkat.

Pengaruh kompetensi  terhadap  kinerja Perawat, hasil perhitungan H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Artinya terdapat pengaruh  antara kompetensi  dan kinerja Perawat. untuk melihat pengaruh motivasi dan kompetensi  terhadap kinerja Perawat  secara simultan (gabungan),  besarnya R Square dapat digunakan untuk melihat besarnya pengaruh motivasi  dan kompetensi  terhadap kinerja perawat secara bersama-sama atau simultan. Besarnya pengaruh motivasi dan kompetensi terhadap kinerja Perawat secara bersama-sama dipengaruhi faktor lain, yaitu, pelatihan, kompensasi dan lain-lain.

Hasil perhitungan korelasi antar variabel yang diteliti dengan menggunakan program bantuan software SPSS diketahui nilai korelasi antar variabel motivasi  dan kompetensi  terlihat hubungan antar variabel sangat kuat. dan korelasi kedua variabel bersifat signifikansi, dari hasil perhitungan koefisien jalur yang diperoleh, maka dapat terlihat besarnya pengaruh variabel yang dihipotesiskan. variabel-variabel yang di luar variabel penelitian mempengaruhi terhadap kinerja Perawat.

 

Kata Kunci : Motivasi, Kompetensi dan Kinerja Perawat
TASLAMPOT (Tanaman Hias Dalam Pot) Pembudidayaan Tanaman Hias Dimasa Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: Anisa Prihandini Ragil , Kurniawan Afif , Dwi Putra Risal , Tampubolon Okida Putra , Siregar Karlstaine Baginda Soaloon , Kadafi Abdul Rahman
Published: January 2022

Kebutuhan akan tanaman hias mengalami peningkatan. Selain kesan segar, keberadaan tanaman hias bisa menyehatkan tubuh karena tanaman yang ada mengeluarkan oksigen yang diperlukan manusia. Tanaman hias berperan menghasilkan oksigen dan menghiasi rumah atau pekarangan tempat tinggal kita, akan tetapi berkhasiat obat untuk kesehatan tubuh manusia. Taslampot dapat menggunakan tempat berupa pot plastik dan pot tanah liat. Media tanam taslampot tentunya memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangan. Kelebihan taslampot, yaitu praktis, tidak memerlukan banyak media dan harga relatif murah. Kelemahannya, yaitu jumlah dan jenis tanaman hias yang dapat ditampung terbatas. Taslampot dapat dijadikan solusi praktis dalam keterbatasan lahan pertanian. Keterbatasan lahan tidak menghentikan niat seseorang untuk bercocok tanam. Sebagian ibu rumah tangga tetap melakukan hobi berkebun walaupun ruang yang tersedia tidak cukup luas.
Analisis Penyebab Emiten Delisting Serta Akibat Yang Didapatkan Para Pemegang Saham
Authors: Apandy Puteri Asyifa Octavia
Published: January 2022

Pasar modal dapat diartikan sebagai pasar yang menyediakan fasilitas untuk penerbitan dan perdagangan efek keuangan seperti saham. Setiap emiten pasti memiliki tujuan untuk terus maju, tetapi dalam kehidupan nyata ada beberapa emiten yang akhirnya di delisting. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, penulis bertujuan untuk menganalisis penyebab emiten yang di delisting dan mengetahui apa akibatnya bagi pemegang saham. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penyebab emiten delisting adalah karena emiten tersebut telah melanggar aturan, terjadi kondisi bisnis yang negatif, kebangkrutan, tidak dapat menghasilkan pendapatan operasional dan keuangan emiten yang tidak stabil. Akibatnya bagi para pemegang saham pertama dapat menerima semua dana kembali, yang kedua dapat menerima beberapa persen (%) dari dana, yang ketiga akan kehilangan semua dana mereka atau dana tidak akan kembali sepenuhnya, jadi disarankan untuk berhati-hati. dalam memilih emiten untuk berinvestasi.

Kata Kunci: Penghapus Daftar; Emiten; Saham; Pemegang Saham.
Legitimate Expectations: Assessing Policies of Transformation to a Low-Carbon Society
Authors: Meyer Lukas H. , Truccone-Borgogno Santiago
Published: January 2022

Legitimate expectations should be considered in the transition to a low-carbon society. After explaining under what conditions and circumstances expectations are legitimate, this paper shows that those expectations whose frustration undermines the ability to plan, infringes basic moral rights, or is extremely costly for its bearer might justify a deviation in the baseline of justice in favour of the expectation holder. People should be notified about the likely frustration of their expectations so that they can avoid the frustration of their expectations, adapt their life plans and minimise costs. Since the frustration of legitimate expectations seems unavoidable in the transformation to a low-carbon society, priority should be given to the protection of the expectations of those who cannot be materially compensated. Still, if two groups are eligible for material compensation, we should give priority to protecting the expectation of those who cannot continue with the same life plan as before if their expectations are frustrated.
Impacto de la Ley 20.780 impositiva de la reforma tributaria, implementada en Chile en 20214
Authors: Barrientos González Cristian
Published: January 2022

In the company that is just beginning its operations, the tax regime is one of the determining economic aspects when starting a project, it determines the conditions of each industry and the economy of each country. In Chile, Tax modifications are not common, they represent important milestones that mark a before and after in the country's economic development, either by the way it affects each institution, or by how the Chilean economic market is perceived and by Foreign investment. The main objective of this study is to measure the quantitative and qualitative impact of the new tax law of the Tax Reform Law 20,780, implemented in Chile in 2014. Affecting the growth of the Gross Domestic Product of Chile and the yields in the index of Selective prices of the Shares, as well as affecting some sectors of the industry and consequently generating a lower tax collection during the implementation of the aforementioned reform, being useful and important information to consider in the development and implementation of future projects related to the issue of tax policies in the country. Despite the above, the tax discussion is going to be an issue that will be discussed again, considering the effects of the pandemic by covid-19 that has affected the whole world and especially Chile, with the tax issue being a foundation pillar at the time of economic recovery in our country.
Free market mechanism as a tool of economic authority in overcoming society and state institutions
Authors: Andrushkiv B. , Grushko V. , Melnyk L. , Sherstiuk R.
Published: January 2022

The paper critically analyzes the negative consequences of free market orientation, as a key mechanism for organizing and regulating the economy, as a tool which by itself can meet the full range of social needs, including the development of scientific and technological progress, economic modernization, social justice, effective use of natural resource potential, preservation of natural environment, reproduction of labor force and ensuring the solution of other acute socio-economic problems. The mechanism of disorientation of economic interaction participants through imposing on society the ideas of economy liberalization is revealed, This mechanism keeps out of sight the technology of carrying out economic wars by the most powerful subjects of economic competitions for the purpose of conquest of the markets, actives or other resources contributing to the growth of social contrasts in society, as well as the concentration of money and power in the growing circle of participants in economic competition. It is determined that the goals and strategies of economic competitors are in conflict with the interests of society, because the means of realization of their aspirations are subjected to the law of energy conservation, but not to public morality or even existing laws, if there are no effective coercive mechanisms. The crucial role played by state institutions in the process of organizing economic entities in order to achieve socially significant goals and implement important strategies for society are investigated. The importance of the subjectivity of the state in the process of functioning and development of the economy is substantiated. The analysis of achieving positive results in the economy due to purposeful and systematic work of state institutions in the countries that have succeeded in ensuring stable development, reducing social contrasts, revolutionary transformations in their own economic complex, relying on effective organization of innovation in their countries is carried out.
Marketing research in foreign markets: information support
Authors: Kuznyak B. , Dobrianska V. , Vasiuta V.
Published: January 2022

The process of collecting marketing information in foreign markets is investigated in this paper. The relevance of the investigated problem is due to the tendency of markets to globalize. At present, not only for large but also for medium-sized enterprises there is a problem of entering the markets of other countries. The role of marketing research is to assess marketing situation, providing information which make it possible to develop effective marketing programs of the enterprise. The key to the quality of marketing research is to obtain complete, objective, relevant information about the object of study. The main problem of international marketing research is the difficult availability of information due to the geographical remoteness of markets and unawareness of the research customer in the socio-cultural characteristics of the local audience. In addition there is the organizational problem of difficulties in interacting with potential local intermediaries (marketing information agencies) due to both geographical remoteness and the existing linguistic and cultural differences between the client and the performer. These problems are especially acute during the period of quarantine restrictions. The application of Internet opportunities for the collection of information in foreign markets is proposed for overcoming the obstacles. The main advantages of marketing research using Internet is that Internet surveys provide the widest geographical coverage of respondents compared to all other methods, open access to hard-to-reach respondents, convenient for the formation of «targeted» samples based on the use of social networks. In Internet surveys there are no expenses for postal transfers, telephone conversations, duplication of questionnaires and remuneration of «field» researchers, which would be very expensive for research of foreign markets, the respondents search is automatic. Modern Internet users are connected by social networks, can easily share content with each other, which make it possible to analyze the content of online reviews and conversations, to participate in online conversations with customers, to organize joint online discussions or expert surveys.
СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН І ПЕРСПЕКТИВНІ НАПРЯМИ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ ФАХІВЦІВ СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ СФЕРИ
Authors: Співак Я. О. , Співак Л. А. , Чернуха Н. М. , Пасічник Ю. Р.
Published: January 2022

У статті розглянуто сучасні вимоги до професійної підготовки фахівців соціальної сфери. Вказано напрями діяльності сучасного працівника соціальної сфери та складність вирішення задачі формування професійно компетентних майбутніх соціальних працівників, здатних до ефективної професійної діяльності. Проаналізовано останні наукові дослідження, присвячені проблемам підготовки сучасних висококваліфікованих фахівців до професійної діяльності. Показано взаємозалежність стратегічних напрямків економічного розвитку країни та професійної діяльності соціальних працівників. Вказано умови дієвості соціального захисту людини. Схарактеризовано сучасні вимоги до професійної діяльності соціальних працівників. Виділено головну мету сумісної співпраці соціальних працівників з громадськими, благодійними та релігійними організаціями. Описано основні риси сучасного працівника соціальної сфери. Виявлено невідповідність професійної підготовки соціального працівника сучасним вимогам ринку праці. Визначені основні риси майбутнього фахівця соціальної сфери, а також першочергові вимоги до професійної підготовки соціальних працівників, майбутніх фахівців соціальної сфери. Виокремлено професійні вимоги до майбутніх фахівців соціальної сфери. Розглянуто вимоги, що ставляться до професійно значущих особистісних якостей майбутнього фахівця соціальної сфери. Визначено важливі фахові функції, знання, уміння, навички та професійно значущі особистісні якості сучасного соціального працівника. Виділені основні методи видів діяльності майбутніх фахівців соціальної сфери. Наголошено на важливості процесу вдосконалення та відповідності професійним вимогам працівників соціальної сфери, розглянуто періоди цього процесу. Намічені перспективні напрями професійної підготовки майбутніх фахівців соціальної сфери.
ФОРМУВАННЯ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ПСИХОЛОГІЧНОГО КЛІМАТУ В ПРОЦЕСІ УПРАВЛІННЯ ПЕРСОНАЛОМ ДОШКІЛЬНОГО НАВЧАЛЬНОГО ЗАКЛАДУ ЯК СПОСІБ ПІДТРИМКИ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТІ ПРАЦІ ПЕДАГОГІВ
Authors: Бутиріна М. В. , Борщевицька Н. М. , Трунова Н. А.
Published: January 2022

ORCID 0000-0003-0867-1119

У статті досліджено та визначено поняття «соціально-психологічний клімат» як загальний емоційно-динамічний настрій колективу, який передбачає створення здорової творчої обстановки в колективі з високими результатами праці і перебуває в прямій залежності від того, який стиль управління обрано керівником. Авторами виокремлено фактори, що впливають на формування соціально-психологічного клімату в колективі, такі як: спрацьованість, дисципліна, адекватна самооцінка і взаємоповага.

Досліджено вплив соціально-психологічного клімату на продуктивність праці педагогів: позитивний соціально-психологічний клімат підвищує настрій людини, її творчий потенціал, позитивно впливає на бажання працювати в даному колективі, застосовувати свої творчі та фізичні сили на користь оточуючим людям, а негативний соціально-психологічний клімат призводить до емоційної пригніченості і виснаженості, як наслідок – стресового стану і низького рівня професійної діяльності, можливого виникнення конфліктних ситуацій.

Визначено роль управлінських рішень керівника у формуванні та підтримці позитивного соціально-психологічного клімату в педагогічному колективі дошкільного навчального закладу як діяльність, що спрямована на досягнення найефективнішого використання роботи працівників для досягнення цілей закладу. Основне завдання керівника дошкільного закладу – загальне керівництво процесом функціонування та розвитку системи управління та налагодження комфортного соціально-психологічного клімату в колективі, який прийнято вважати основою стабільного стану всього педагогічного колективу під час спільної діяльності по досягненню освітньої мети.

Відібрано найбільш ефективні способи формування та підтримки соціально-психологічного клімату в педагогічному колективі дошкільного навчального закладу: міжособистісні взаємодії та колективні взаємодії.
Association of Serum Ceruloplasmin Level with Parkinson’s’s Disease
Authors: Islam Md Zahidul , Barman Kanuj Kumar , Habib Md Ahsan , Islam Md Rafiqul , Hasan Mehedi , Islam Md Shofikul , Huq Muhammad Rezeul , Sarker Imran , Agarwalla Ajay Kumar
Published: January 2022

Background: Parkinson’s disease, though a common neurodegenerative disease, is still elusive regarding its pathobiology. Neuronal degeneration in the midbrain substantia nigra by excess oxidative stress may play a role. As ceruloplasmin (Cp), a plasma protein is important to maintain intracellular iron homeostasis and reduce cellular oxidative stress, decreased serum Cp level may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease.
Methods: This case-control study was conducted in the department of Neurology, BSMMU. Forty-five Parkinson’s disease patients and equal number of controls were selected. Serum ceruloplasmin level was measured in the department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BSMMU.
Results: Mean serum Cp level was significantly lower (p-value <0.001) in case (27.64 mg/dl) than in control group (33.10 mg/dl).
Conclusion: The association of low serum Cp level with Parkinson’s disease may indicate a possible iron homeostasis abnormality as a pathogenic factor in Parkinson’s disease.
Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2018; Vol. 34 (2): 63-65
Note from the Editor Vol 32(1)
Authors: Khair Sumaiya
Published: January 2022

Abstract not available
Dhaka University Law Journal, Vol. 32(1), 2021 P.i-vii
The Role of Foreign Direct Investment Towards the Goal of Sustainable Development: Underscoring the Need for A Regulatory Policy Approach in Developing Countries
Authors: Islam M Rafiqul
Published: January 2022

Abstract not available
Dhaka University Law Journal, Vol. 32(1), 2021 P.207-230
O ensino de semiologia e semiotécnica na ótica de graduandos de enfermagem após o ensino remoto
Authors: Soares Maria Cidney da Silva , Amaral Ana Beatriz do Nascimento Silva , Nascimento Clara Stefhanie Medeiros do , Farias Danielle Cavalcate de , Silva Hellen Dayanna da  Paz , Araújo Laryssa Portela de , Ribeiro Maria Eduarda Araujo , Dantas Maria Vitória Alves , Marinho Maria Eduarda Soraes , Soares Patrícia Tayse de Lima , Dantas Wellen Cristina da Silva
Published: January 2022

Identificar o entendimento e satisfação de graduandos de enfermagem que estão cursando ou cursaram disciplinas práticas, incluindo semiologia e semiotécnica de forma remota. Estudo descritivo, exploratório, quantitativo, desenvolvido via online após autorização do comitê de ética e pesquisa. Amostra composta por mulheres (47,1%; n=32) entre 18 e 29 anos (44,1%) da região nordeste (54,4%; n=37), morando com familiares (57,4%; n=39), renda entre um e três salários mínimos (44,1%; n=30), trabalhando (38,2%; n=26) em tecnologia (20,6%; n=14) de instituição privada (61,8%; n=42), de manhã (33,8%; n=23) quarto período (23,5%; n=16). Acesso à internet (61,8%; n=42) com financiamento (41,6%; n=31) não possuíam outro curso superior (55,9%; n=38) ou curso técnico (33,8%; n=23). Embora as instituições desses indivíduos tenham aderido ao ensino remoto das aulas práticas (55,9%; n=38), estes assistiram as aulas de semiologia e semiotécnica no formato presencial (33,8%; n=23). As maiores médias de satisfação dos discentes estiveram presentes nas questões de “infraestrutura física da instituição”, “das salas de aula” e “relacionamento com os professores”. Por sua vez, as menores médias foram relativas à “Assistir aulas práticas em casa de forma remota da disciplina semiologia e semiotécnica”, “mudar do ensino presencial para o ensino remoto nas disciplinas práticas incluindo semiologia e semiotécnica” e “preparação para executar procedimentos técnicos de semiologia e semiotécnica após as aulas remotas”. Conclui-se que é necessário uma conciliação entre a educação digital e a formação de profissionais na área de saúde e que alunos de enfermagem preferem aulas práticas presenciais na disciplina de semiologia e semiotécnica.
Resistência a antimicrobianos e sua correlação estatística com o consumo em hospitais: Uma revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Araujo Paulo Monteiro , Braúna Carina da Costa , Lemos Susan Catherine Lima , Gomes Duanne Mendes , Santos Veridiana Rebelo dos , Silva Sávio Freire da , Lopes Luciano da Silva
Published: January 2022

Esta revisão integrativa teve por objetivo determinar quais são as principais bactérias que possuem correlações positivas entre o aumento do consumo de antimicrobianos e o aumento da resistência bacteriana em âmbito hospitalar. Resumiram-se os artigos, através de revisão integrativa, encontrados nas bases Pubmed® e Embase®, utilizando as seguintes estratégias de busca: (("Microbial Sensitivity Tests"[Mesh]) AND "Hospitals"[Mesh]) AND "Drug Utilization"[Mesh] e 'drug utilization'exp AND 'hospital'exp AND 'antibiotic sensitivity'exp, respectivamente. Sintetizando o autor, ano de publicação, local de estudo, população estudada, metodologia de avaliação do consumo e da relação estatística e as correlações positivas encontradas entre as espécies ou gêneros bacterianos associados com os dados de consumo de uma determinada classe de antimicrobianos. As estratégias de busca encontraram no total 414 artigos, sendo que após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão restaram 10 artigos que atendiam a todos os critérios utilizados. As principais bactérias ou gêneros bacterianos envolvidos com correlações positivas foram P. aeruginosa (42,6%), E. coli (24,1%) e Acinetobacter spp. (9,3%). A maioria das correlações positivas encontradas foram relacionadas a mesma classe, todavia cerca de 48,2% foram cruzadas. Destacaram-se a P. aeruginosa, E. coli e o gênero Acinetobacter spp., como as bactérias com maiores quantidade de correlações positivas. Bancos de dados internacionais como o GLASS, podem fortalecer a evidência estatística dessa relação, permitindo amostras maiores e mais diversas, contudo eles dependem de cooperação internacional. Esse trabalho pode amparar a farmacovigilância em hospitais destacando correlações já elucidadas, ao qual podem contribuir na otimização dos recursos.
Estado nutricional e consumo alimentar de pacientes com câncer atendidos em um hospital público de Aracaju-SE
Authors: Oliveira Antonio Vanderley Santana , Santos Alefe da Costa , Maciel Ícaro Caetano Santos , Costa Maycon George Oliveira , Santos Júnior José Alfredo dos , Lacerdas Doriane da Conceição , Santos Tatiana Maria Palmeira dos
Published: January 2022

O papel de um profissional nutricionista em setores oncológicos é contribuir na recuperação e na manutenção do estado nutricional do paciente, o aconselhamento e a intervenção nutricional antes e durante o tratamento são fatores indispensáveis nesse processo. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o estado nutricional e adequação da ingestão alimentar de pacientes com Câncer de um hospital público de Aracaju-SE. A pesquisa contou com pacientes oncológicos, adultos e idosos, de ambos os sexos. Foram coletadas as medidas de peso, estatura, circunferência do braço, prega cutânea tricipital, além disso foi coletado o recordatório alimentar de 24 horas. Do total de indivíduos avaliados (n=167) as mulheres foram maioria 74,3% (n=124) e apresentaram maiores casos de alterações no estado nutricional. O câncer de mama aparece como o de maior número de casos 35,3% (n=59), dos tratamentos utilizados a quimioterapia foi a de maior uso 53,9% (n=90). Com relação ao consumo alimentar, potássio, cálcio, ferro (51-70), magnésio, sódio (31-50) e as vitaminas A, D, E, B1, B6 (51-70) e B9 estavam abaixo da recomendação adequada de acordo com as Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs): Encontraram-se resultados significativos para maior perda de peso em mulheres além de uma inadequação dos micronutrientes, sendo necessário o acompanhamento nutricional para estabilizar ou minimizar essas alterações.
As propriedades antimicrobianas do extrato glicólico de Casearia sylvestris Sw. em biofilme monotípico de cepas de Candida albicans e Candida glabrata
Authors: Assis Thalles Rodrigues Teixeira de , Santos Pâmela Beatriz do Rosário Estevam dos , Silva Adriano Moraes da , Oliveira Luciane Dias de , Palma Ana Luiza do Rosário
Published: January 2022

Objetivos: A resistência dos microrganismos perante o uso indevido dos fármacos é atualmente um dos problemas de saúde pública, tornando-se necessárias pesquisas sobre compostos naturais com atividade antimicrobiana, como a Casearia sylvestris. Este estudo objetivou avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana do extrato glicólico de Casearia sylvestris sobre cepas-padrão de Candida albicans (ATCC 18804) e Candida glabrata (ATCC 9030) em cultura planctônica, verificando a concentração inibitória mínima e concentração microbicida mínima (CIM e CMM) e também sua ação sobre biofilmes. Metodologia: O extrato glicólico de C. sylvestris, de origem comercial, foi obtido na concentração de 200 mg/ml (20%) eluídos em 80% de propilenoglicol. Os valores da CIM e CMM foram determinados pelo método de microdiluição em caldo, segundo Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), normas M27-A2, com modificações. Logo, foram iniciados os testes em biofilmes monotípicos de 48h, com troca de caldo a cada 24h, destes micro-organismos. Após submetido aos tratamentos o biofilme foi preparado para o teste metabólico de MTT. Resultados: Candida albicans apresentou CMM em 50 mg/mL, em Candida glabrata não observou-se CIM e CMM. No teste de MTT os resultados mostraram efetividade da concentração de 25 mg/mL sobre Candida glabrata, com redução de ≥ 29%, em Candida albicans não observou-se resultados significativos nas concentrações analisadas. Conclusão: O extrato apresentou efeito antimicrobiano contra os gêneros testados. Salienta-se também a importância de testes in vitro e in vivo que corroborem os resultados apresentados, com finalidade de aumentar o embasamento da aplicação do extrato.
Avaliação do ciclo de vida da construção civil habitacional brasileira
Authors: Farias Emmanuel Eduardo Vitorino de , Oliveira Rui de , Silva Mônica Maria Pereira da , Melo Thiago Aguiar de
Published: January 2022

A construção civil habitacional demanda grande quantidade de recursos naturais, gerando danos significativos ao meio ambiente. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo quantificar os impactos ambientais potenciais negativos dos insumos mais relevantes usados na construção de edificações residenciais por m² de área construída.  Para representar as construções mais usuais no Brasil, foram utilizados como referência para os cálculos de insumos, três projetos residenciais padrão popular, empregados em programas habitacionais governamentais, com número de pavimentos e métodos construtivos distintos. Os impactos ambientais potenciais negativos foram estimados utilizando a metodologia Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida. Os resultados demonstram que os maiores impactos ambientais negativos, estão relacionados às edificações com mais de um pavimento, sobretudo em função do uso do cimento Portland e do revestimento cerâmico. Por fim, o presente estudo, fornece informações que auxiliam a tomada de decisão, na elaboração de projetos de arquitetura, nos processos construtivos e na aquisição de materiais de construção, visando minimizar os impactos ambientais potenciais negativos.
Characterization of inhibitory supernatants produced by bacteria isolated from goat milk
Authors: Silva Liliane Andrade da , Raposo Annie Evelyn Souto , Lopes Neto José Honório Pereira , Oliveira Kléber de Sousa , Souza Evandro Leite , Franco Octávio Luiz , Cardarelli Haíssa Roberta
Published: January 2022

Several compounds can be produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from milk such as bacteriocins, small cationic and thermostable peptides, that possess antimicrobial activity. The technological application of these antimicrobial compounds became important for the industry mainly because of chemical preservatives. This study aimed to isolate LAB with anti-Listeria monocytogenes activity from raw goat milk and to characterize their inhibitory cell-free supernatants (CFS). It was performed Isolation of LAB from raw goat milk, inhibitory activity of the CFS, characterization of CFS inhibitory activity under different conditions, mode of action of the active CFS, adsorption of the anti-Listeria substances present in the CFS of LS2 to L. monocytogenes, molecular identification of LAB isolates with anti-Listeria activity. Three isolated strains produced CFS with active inhibitory substances of proteinaceous nature, identified by 16S rDNA as Weissella cibaria (LS1) and Lactococcus lactis (LS2 and LS3). The CFS of LS2 showed the highest anti-Listeria activity (1600 arbitrary units/mL) after 2 h at pH 6.0 and was bacteriostatic and active at low pH at temperatures of 4 °C to 80 °C. The results suggest that the LS2 strain is a biopreservative culture with potential for applications to control L. monocytogenes in foods.
A harmonização orofacial como uma nova especialidade da odontologia: aspectos legais
Authors: Leite Thaisa Nascimento Ramalho , Carvalho Lais Guedes Alcoforado de , Luna Vitor Matheus da Silva , Vieira Andrê Parente de Sá Barreto
Published: January 2022

Numa abordagem descritiva e integrativa este trabalho objetiva verificar o processo evolutivo até a consolidação da Harmonização Orofacial como especialidade reconhecida pelo Conselho Federal de Odontologia. Através da consulta de documentos oficias, artigos e revistas científicas na área da odontologia, pode-se analisar a justificativa que sustenta a nova especialidade através dos referenciais teóricos estabelecidos. Foi possível suscitar o entendimento acerca das lutas travadas entre o Conselho Federal de Odontologia, Conselho Federal de Medicina juntamente com entidades médicas através das leis, resoluções e embates judiciais. Favorecendo uma análise dos aspectos legais envolvidos de 2011 até 2019, ano em que a harmonização orofacial é reconhecida como especialidade da odontologia e, posteriormente, atualizações pertinentes até o ano de 2021. O resultado da resiliência do Conselho Federal de Odontologia diante das dificuldades e das lutas judiciais travadas foi a manutenção de uma resolução tão importante pelos territórios anatômico e científico, conquistados mediante a capacidade e as tendências contemporâneas, dinâmicas e evolutivas com observância do Código de Ética Odontológico.