bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social stratification of households in the context of the digital divide
Authors: Sadyrtdinov Ruslan , Vladimirova Svetlana
Published: October 2023

To study issues of social deprivation and inequality, scientists explore factors, correlations and various indices and models. The deprivation indices are used in many countries to target interventions and policies to populations with the greatest needs. The aim of this research is to construct stratification scale of Russian households for the period of Covid-19 pandemic to study their social deprivation. The data source for household social deprivation is the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS-HSE). The results show that the digital divide of households in extreme poverty greatly increases their social exclusion and increases social deprivation. About 50% of extremely poor households live in rural areas. It confirms the ongoing income stratification of urban and rural residents. About 30% of households do not own a car. In the context of the restrictions of the self-isolation regime, this is a significant factor in social exclusion. Low incomes and material deprivation do not allow such households to change this situation. Even not all rich households have access to high-speed Internet. This may be due to the underdevelopment of high-speed Internet infrastructure.
Partner banking investing mechanism in regional innovation ecosystem
Authors: Kirillova Elena , Selyavskiy Yuri , Shutov Dmitry
Published: October 2023

Nowadays, one of the main factors constraining innovative processes growth is the lack of financial support at innovative ideas and proposals stage of commercialization. The relevance of this topic is also due to the current transformation of macroeconomic conditions. In this regard, this study describes the proposed conceptual model and the tools that ensure its functioning on the basis of partner banking. The place of partner banking in the system of attracting financial resources in the framework of ensuring the implementation of innovative processes to achieve the strategic priorities of the development of the state is presented. The developed mechanism of their support using partner banking tools as one of the functions of the innovation ecosystem will allow to realize a number of significant advantages.
Improving of rating assessment of the financial condition of companies
Authors: Xamidov Obidjon , Sunnatov Yusuf , Salikhov Nodir
Published: October 2023

In the article, based on the generalized conditional reference balance, a rating methodology was developed that assesses the quality of the accounting balance of companies. Based on the quality of the accounting balance of companies, 4 quality gradations were established to divide them into groups. Also, in order to know the position of the companies in the top power, the financial size of the companies, which is a new economic term, was introduced and its calculation methodology was given. Based on the financial size of the companies, the financial size was divided into 9 steps to determine their overall comparative value. In order to determine the position of the companies included in each level in the financial top strength, a methodology for determining the financial rating within the ranking level was developed. Keywords: companies, base point, generalized conditional reference balance, reference amounts of relative coefficients, quality assessment of the accounting balance, quality gradation, ranking step, financial rating within the ranking step.
Logistics trends in the sustainable development of the Eurasian region
Authors: Drozdova Maria , Zarubkina Olga
Published: October 2023

The study considers the relevance of logistics trends in the sustainable development of the Eurasian region, because due to the changed geopolitical situation there is currently the formation of a new paradigm of transport and logistics ecosystem development. The paper uses methods of analysis, synthesis, as well as comparative-legal and formal-legal methods and others that allow us to study the problem of sustainable development of transport and logistics sphere from the perspective of modern science, taking into account socio-economic trends. The proposed integrated approach allows, based on the obtained data, to give recommendations for improving the efficiency of transport and logistics complex, taking into account the regionalization of international relations, including the formation of new approaches to ensure sustainable development of the Eurasian region.
Mathematical modelling of the railway station’s technological parameters in transport corridor system of export traffic increasing volumes
Authors: Ryazanova E.V. , Chebotareva E.A. , Nauruzbaev S.M. , Merkulov I.V.
Published: October 2023

The study substantiates the need to develop mathematical analysis methods of railway station technology in the context of increasing the volume of freight traffic through the constituent elements of the infrastructure of the international transport corridor. The aim of the work is to develop proposals for improving the station operation technology under the conditions of its additional functions, to analyse the unevenness of the station transportation process and to assess changes in the transport corridor parameters. The object of the study is the Astrakhan-II station of the Volga Railway (JSC "Russian Railways"), located within the boundaries of the international corridor "North-South". In the article on the example of a particular station, its technical and operational characteristics, time norms for the performance of various technological operations, the unevenness of the station process is assessed, and a mathematical model of the station operation as a mass service system is developed. The "bottlenecks" are identified and proposals are formed to increase the processing capacity of the station, aimed at reducing channel utilisation and downtime duration. The results of the mathematical model are supplemented with technological proposals to change the formation plan of the Astrakhan II station to assist the port of Olya in picking up ship consignments in order to maximise the efficient use of Astrakhan II station capacity and reduce the need for track development in the port of Olya for marshalling operations, and consequently reduce the cost of its development. As part of compliance with the coordinated development of all elements of transport infrastructure, the capacity of the railway approaches to the station is assessed and a final set of measures is established.
Geometric routing model as a new approach in mathematical modeling of wagon flows rational distribution
Authors: Zadorozhniy Vyacheslav , Bogachev Victor , Kravets Alexandra , Bogachev Taras
Published: October 2023

In the ongoing transport and logistics researches, a coefficient of railway line non-straightness is introduced, by means of which, for the considered loading stations, the specifics of the location of the railway network in a given region are taken into account. The use of this coefficient makes it possible to increase the efficiency and practical expediency of applying the method of economic and geographical delimitation of the «influence areas» of the loading stations. As a result, it is possible to construct a mathematically substantiated geometric routing model of the territorial oligopolistic market for freight transportation formed by the considered loading stations. As an effective tool in the research process, a system of analytical calculations is used.
Environmental education and its principles
Authors: Putilova Eugenia , Tsiplakova Yulia , Diachkova Anna , Knysh Eugenij
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the study of possibilities for the formation and development of environmental behavior and environmental education. The authors analyzed the concepts of "ecology", "environmental behavior" and "environmental education", proving the need to include these concepts in modern culture and education. The article shows a connection between the environmental problems of the modern world and the present ethical existentials. Ecology is becoming a necessary maxim of modern education. The authors argue that the spread of environmental behavior and the introduction of environmental education will lead to an improvement in the environmental situation in the world. The article deals with environmental ethics, environmental behavior, and principles of environmental education. A connection is made between environmental education and environmental culture. Harmonious human existence is possible only in an ecological society.
Features of perfectionism among future environmental engineers
Authors: Kostsova Maria , Mikhaylova Alla , Grishina Anastasia
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the study is to analyze students’ high demands on themselves and others; the desire to achieve sophistication in everything (especially in work) – perfectionism. Two methods of the research were used: theoretical analysis and diagnostic tests: “The Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale” by P. Hewitt and G. Flatt, one for determining the level of self-efficacy by M. Scheer and J. Maddux in the adaptation of A. V. Boyarintseva, the methodology “Differential test of perfectionism by A.A. Zolotareva”. The students of Sevastopol State University took part in the surveys. The empirical study involved 30 people (students - future environmental engineers). When studying the features of perfectionism, according to the results of the methodology «Multidimensional scale of perfectionism», the levels of perfectionism were equally distributed, namely, half of the sample had low indicators of perfectionism, and the other half had average ones. The results according to the method of A. Zolotareva aimed at studying perfectionism among students show that most of the respondents have a normal type of perfectionism, that is, such students tend to strive for excellence without conflict with other motives.A relationship between personal maturity and perfectionism among students was identified by means of the Pearson correlation coefficient. Recommendations for increasing the level of perfectionism to a constructive one were given due to theoretical analysis and empirical study of the problem of personal maturity and perfectionism among students. In conclusion the authors consider the training program as an integrative personal education, consisting of researching indicators: personal, cognitive-activity, and social components.
Implementation of self-control methods for students of the Agro-industrial Faculty engaged in physical education in distance learning
Authors: Ryzhkin Nikolay , Tumasyan Tatiana , Brovashova Olga , Nemtseva Elena
Published: October 2023

Relevance: the use of self-control methods in teaching physical culture makes it possible to implement the requirements of the theoretical and methodological sections of educational programs through independent educational work of students in distance learning (in a pandemic). Self-control is a method of self-observation of the state of one's body in the process of doing physical exercises and sports. Any person who has begun to regularly engage in physical exercises should regularly monitor the state of their body, which will help to properly regulate the amount of load during exercise, evaluate the results of self-training and, if necessary, change the training regime. The introduction of self-monitoring methods helps to ensure the safety and effectiveness of classes, as well as to activate the interest and motivation of students to physical activity. With regular physical exercises, the activity of all organs and systems is activated, the volume of muscles increases, metabolic processes are enhanced, and the cardiovascular system is improved. Thus, the physical fitness of the trainees improves, the loads are easily tolerated, and the previously inaccessible results in different types of physical exercises become the norm. Self-control is necessary so that classes have a training effect and do not cause health problems. This contributes to improving the effectiveness of classes and achieving the best results in the field of physical development of students. The most convenient form of self-control is to keep a self-control diary.
Final qualification work of a future engineer: Innovations and traditions
Authors: Kondratieva Irina , Malina Nadezhda , Rogacheva Tatiana
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of innovative and traditional approaches to engineering education and final qualification work. There is an increased interest in the training of engineering personnel with a high level of professional competencies and ready to perform tasks of a new technological level, not only in the Russian Federation (RF), but throughout the world. The article describes the innovative activities of the Don State Technical University (DSTU). The article presents the types of final qualifying works in accordance with the levels of higher professional education in the Russian Federation, analyzes the structure of the work, language material, style features, draws attention to the difficulties that arise in the process of writing it. The authors pay special attention to the consideration of approaches to solving the problems of professional development engineering students. It is noted that various aspects of the professional environment and real production processes, reflected in the final qualifying work, will allow future engineers to apply the theoretical knowledge gained in practice and solve problems that arise in their professional activities.
Modular learning technology based on a subject-activity approach
Authors: Musaeva Nodira
Published: October 2023

The article discusses the essence, purpose, and objectives of modular learning, which is one of the types of personality-oriented learning technology. The sequence of transition to modular learning, the technology of the subject-activity approach, with the use of which continuity, intensification, individualization of learning is ensured, is presented.
PHENIX Probing QCD Matter Through Heavy Flavor and Quarkonium at RHIC
Authors: Nouicer Rachid
Published: October 2023

Recent results from the PHENIX experiment on heavy flavors and quarkonia production in p + Al, p + Au, d + Au, and Au + Au collision systems at √ SNN = 200 GeV are summarized. The results are carried out by the measurements of the nuclear modification factors and elliptic flow. The nuclear modification factors measurements give insight into the energy loss of heavy quarks in the quark-gluon plasma medium along their path lengths. The elliptic flow measurements are a good tool to investigate the coupling of heavy quarks with the medium. The measurements are presented as a function of centrality, rapidity, and transverse momentum. The interpretations of the results in light of our current theoretical models, and comparison to LHCb and ALICE measurements are presented.
Viva la revolution?
Authors: Krämer Nicolas
Published: October 2023

Von einer „Revolution“ sprach Professor Karl Lauterbach zuletzt
immer wieder im Zusammenhang mit der von ihm angestoßenen
Krankenhausreform und selbst bei der Pressekonferenz zur Vorstellung der
Eckpunkte als Grundlage für einen Gesetzentwurf, auf die sich Bund und
Länder kurz vor der politischen Sommerpause geeinigt hatten, verwendete
der Bundesgesundheitsminister diesen schillernden Begriff. Erstaunlich, blieb
doch am Ende wenig von seinen großspurigen Ankündigungen
übrig.
Analysis of Treatment Outcome in Large Granular Lymphocytic Leukemia: A Retrospective Study from India
Authors: Zafar Mir Sadaqat Hassan , Geelani Sajad Ahmad , Bhat Javid Rasool
Published: October 2023

Large granular lymphocytic (LGL) leukemia is a rare and indolent lymphoproliferative disorder that belongs to mature T and natural killer (NK) cell neoplasms, as per the World Health Organization classification. This article assesses the response to immunosuppressive therapy. In this retrospective study, various cases of chronic lymphoproliferative disorders (CLPDs) evaluated and treated in two tertiary care settings were screened and taken for subanalyses. After fulfilling the criteria for LGL leukemia, cases were further assessed for presenting features and response to treatment. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 23. Out of 384 cases of CLPDs analyzed, 14 cases of LGL leukemia were identified (3.64%) and subjected to further analysis. There were six males (42.85%) and eight females (57.14%) (M: F = 1:1.33) with an age group ranging from 42 to 82 years. Thirteen cases (92.85%) were T-LGL type, and one case belonged to NK-LGL type (7.14%). Anemia was the most common presentation (92.85% of cases), followed by lymphocytosis (85.71% of cases) and neutropenia (78.57% of cases). Four patients (28.57%) presented with thrombocytopenia, and two patients presented with pancytopenia (14.28%). Splenomegaly was seen in two patients (14.28%), and lymphadenopathy in one patient (7.14%). One patient (7.14%) had rheumatoid arthritis, and one (7.14%) had recurrent chest infections. Out of the 14 cases, 5 (35.71%) attained complete remission, 5 (35.71%) attained partial remission, 2 patients were resistant to first-line treatment, and 2 patients were closely followed with observation only. The overall treatment response rate was 83.33%. This study highlights the excellent response rates with immunosuppressive therapy in a rare lymphoproliferative disorder.
Memory effect in time fractional Schrödinger equation
Authors: Zu 祖 Chuanjin 传金 , Yu 余 Xiangyang 向阳
Published: October 2023

A significant obstacle impeding the advancement of the time fractional Schrödinger equation lies in the challenge of determining its precise mathematical formulation. In order to address this, we undertake an exploration of the time fractional Schrödinger equation within the context of a non-Markovian environment. By leveraging a two-level atom as an illustrative case, we find that the choice to raise i to the order of the time derivative is inappropriate. In contrast to the conventional approach used to depict the dynamic evolution of quantum states in a non-Markovian environment, the time fractional Schrödinger equation, when devoid of fractional-order operations on the imaginary unit i, emerges as a more intuitively comprehensible framework in physics and offers greater simplicity in computational aspects. Meanwhile, we also prove that it is meaningless to study the memory of time fractional Schrödinger equation with time derivative 1 < α ≤ 2. It should be noted that we have not yet constructed an open system that can be fully described by the time fractional Schrödinger equation. This will be the focus of future research. Our study might provide a new perspective on the role of time fractional Schrödinger equation.
Reconfigurable Mott electronics for homogeneous neuromorphic platform
Authors: Yang 杨 Zhen 振 , Lu 路 Ying-Ming 英明 , Yang 杨 Yu-Chao 玉超
Published: October 2023

To simplify the fabrication process and increase the versatility of neuromorphic systems, the reconfiguration concept has attracted much attention. Here, we developed a novel electrochemical VO2 (EC-VO2) device, which can be reconfigured as synapses or LIF neurons. The ionic dynamic doping contributed to the resistance changes of VO2, which enables the reversible modulation of device states. The analog resistance switching and tunable LIF functions were both measured based on the same device to demonstrate the capacity of reconfiguration. Based on the reconfigurable EC-VO2, the simulated spiking neural network model exhibited excellent performances by using low-precision weights and tunable output neurons, whose final accuracy reached 91.92%.
Multi objective Optimizations of friction stir welding process parameters for reinforcement of copper particles in aluminum alloy using Taguchi based grey relational analysis (GRA) and ANOVA.
Authors: Dhabale Rahul B , Kurkute Vijay K , Unde Sanket S. , Jadhav Pradeep , Dhabale Vrushali R , Sur Anirban
Published: October 2023

In this paper, optimize process parameters of friction stir welding for reinforcement of copper particulate in between aluminum alloys. It is to boost the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of base metals. Two dissimilar aluminum alloys with different mechanical properties .AA6061-AA6063. successfully joined. In addition, the introducing copper particles of 325 mesh size in between aluminum alloy 6061 and 6063. It is a direct application of rotating non-consumable friction stir welding tool plunged for reinforcement. Introduction of a copper particle in between aluminum alloy is a unique system in the solid-state welding process. Taguchi method as an optimization tool used to design process parameters. Afterward, welding samples were cut in the desired size and progressed for a further test such as tensile and hardness test. Finally, it is observed to have improved mechanical strength in minimum spindle speed i.e.1000 rpm and welding speed 20 mm/min. Study also shows feasibility of GRA, Hypothesis .Z-test. test and ANOVA with Taguchi technique.
Investigation of nanomechanical properties of Ni-Mn based Heusler alloys using nanoindentation technique
Authors: Dhanal S. V. , Ingale Sanjaykumar
Published: October 2023

Studies on mechanical properties of Ni-Mn based Heusler alloys are lacking which limits their use for practical applications. In the present work, nanomechanical analysis of ternary Ni-Mn-Sn and Ni-Mn-Al Heusler alloys were performed using nanoindentation test. Dense pellet specimens of selected 15 hr mechanical alloyed ball milled powder samples were prepared by consolidation, sintering and polishing processes. Load-displacement curves were obtained from a typical nanoindentation test by penetrating the indenter tip into the prepared pellet specimens surface with a prescribed loading and unloading data using Oliver-Pharr method of analysis to determine elastic modulus and hardness. The average elastic modulus and harness of Ni-Mn-Al alloy found more than Ni-Mn-Sn alloy. Also, the effects of sintering temperatures on the densities of pellet specimens were observed which showed that higher sintering temperatures are required to achieve the homogeneity and reduce the porosity of specimen.
Influence of nano additive blended watermelon seed biodiesel on the performance and exhaust emissions of a VCR compression ignition engine
Authors: Sachuthananthan B , Vinoth R , Padmaja N , Sachidananda K B , Kanna Kumar J
Published: October 2023

An innovative idea have been proposed in this work, to increase fuel efficiency and minimize emission from Diesel engine. This research mainly focuses on the systhesis of two nano materials namely MgO, TiO2. The synthesized nano additives was blended in equal proportion with Biodiesel prepared from Watermelon seed oil through the process of trans-esterification. Then 20% Biodiesel was mixed with 80% diesel and now the fuel is called as B20. Equal proportion of MgO and TiO2 mixture was prepared which is called as Nano Additive Mix(NAM) and added with B20 blend. A 5HP mono Barrel Diesel engine was powered with B20 and with various proportion of NAM in the range of 50ppm, 100ppm, 150ppm and 200ppm. The results obtained revealed that B20 blended with NAM150 minimized CO, HC and Smoke emission considerably when equated to other mixtures. The BTE at peak load for Diesel was 28.4% and for the same load it was 28.2% for B20 @ NAM150 blend. The B20 with 150NAM blend become the best alternative fuel combination to operate the engine with less emission and best fuel consumption and power output.
Satellite data reveals a recent increase in shifting cultivation and associated carbon emissions in Laos
Authors: Chen Shijuan , Woodcock Curtis E , Saphangthong Thatheva , Olofsson Pontus
Published: October 2023

Although shifting cultivation is the major land use type in Laos, the spatial-temporal patterns and the associated carbon emissions of shifting cultivation in Laos are largely unknown. This study provides a nationwide analysis of the spatial-temporal patterns of shifting cultivation and estimations of the associated carbon emissions in Laos over the last three decades. This study found that shifting cultivation has been expanding and intensifying in Laos, especially in the last 5 years. The newly cultivated land from 2016 to 2020 accounted for 4.5% (±1.2%) of the total land area of Laos. Furthermore, the length of fallow periods has been continuously declining, indicating that shifting cultivation is becoming increasingly intensive. Combining biomass derived from Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation and shifting cultivation maps and area estimates, we found that the net carbon emissions from shifting cultivation declined in 2001–2015 but increased in 2016–2020. The largest carbon source is conversion from intact forests to shifting cultivation, which contributed to 89% of the total emissions from 2001 to 2020. In addition, there were increased emissions from intensified use of fallow lands. This research provides useful information for policymakers in Laos to understand the changes in shifting cultivation and improve land use management. This study not only supports Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation reporting for Laos but also provides a methodology for tracking carbon emissions and removals of shifting cultivation.
Climate change increases the instability of the water supply for hydropower stations on the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Hu Mao , Chen Youping , Chen Feng , Zhao Xiaoen , Yue Weipeng , Cao Honghua , Niu Junqiang , Wang Shijie , Yuan Yujiang
Published: October 2023

In recent decades, global warming has had a significant impact on the streamflow across the Tibetan Plateau. As the largest tributary in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, the Yalong river is known for its abundant hydropower resources, and the world’s largest multi-energy complementary base has been built in the Yalong River Basin. However, prudent water resource planning is limited by the lack of long-term, detailed and reliable streamflow records over the Yalong river basin. Here, we develop an October–June streamflow reconstruction for the Yalong River, based on composite tree-ring chronology of Picea likiangensis from seven sampling sites. The reconstruction goes back to 1480 CE, and accounts for 46.5% of the instrumental streamflow variance during 1962–2012. This record indicates that the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation and the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation were the major contributing factors to streamflow variations. A significant and stable correlation with temperature was found over the past few centuries on the interannual scale. Projections suggest that future climate change may lead to more frequent flood disasters in the Yalong River Basin.
Quantum walks on simplexes and multiple perfect state transfer
Authors: Miki Hiroshi , Tsujimoto Satoshi , Zhao Da
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we study quantum walks on the extension of association schemes. Various state transfers can be achieved on these graphs, such as multiple state transfer among extreme points of a simplex, fractional revival on subsimplexes. Since only few examples of multiple (perfect) state transfer are known, we aim to make some additions in this collection.
Photoinitiated chemical vapor deposition (piCVD) of composition tunable, ionically conductive hydrogels on diverse substrates
Authors: Patamia Evan D , Andrew Trisha L
Published: October 2023

Ionically conductive hydrogels are finding prominence in a wide range of emerging devices and applications, including biopotential sensors, organic field effect transistors, biomedicine, and soft robotics. Traditionally, these gels are synthesized through solution-phase polymerization or solvent based swelling of a polymer network and then cast in place or adhered to an intended substrate after synthesis. These fabrication approaches place artificial limitations on the accessible chemical composition and ionic conductivity of the gels, and limit deployment of ionically conductive hydrogels in complex platforms. Here we present a modular method to create ionically conductive hydrogels on a variety of rigid, flexible, or filamentary substrates through a photoinitiated chemical vapor deposition (piCVD) process. First, a viscosity tunable precursor mixture of desired ionic composition and strength is created and coated onto a target substrate. Next, an acrylate film is grown directly on these coated substrates via piCVD. Since both the monomer and photoinitiator used during the piCVD process are miscible in the aqueous precursor mixture, polymerization occurs at both the surface of and within the precursor layer. Using this two-step strategy, we isolate a robust composite hydrogel with independently tunable ionic properties and physical structure. This method is compatible with most substrates and results in a conformal, persistent gel coating with excellent rehydration properties. Gels containing a variety of biocompatible salts can be accessed, without concomitant changes in physical structure and morphology. Ionic conductivities can be tuned between 1 × 10−5–0.03 S cm−1 by changing the ionic strength of the precursor mixture. Additionally, we show that the material retains its ion concentration and conductivity after washing. Finally, we deploy this material onto several different substrates and show that through this method the same gel can be manufactured in-place regardless of the intended substrate.
Performance analysis of NOMA based UAV-assisted cooperative relaying system with direct link over rician fading channels
Authors: Ahmad Saif , Khan Imran Ullah , Khan Mohd Javed
Published: October 2023

In recent years, there has been a continuous increase in the requirement for consistent connectivity, high-speed data rates, and high quality of service (QoS) for mobile communication. Recent researches show that unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted communication improves communication capabilities in terms of reliability, security, cost-effectiveness, and coverage. Also, Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) has the potential to greatly improve the fairness, efficiency, and capacity of wireless networks. In this research paper, we propose a UAV-assisted cooperative NOMA system over Rician fading channels with decode and forward relaying, in which we consider a one-user system and successive interference cancellation is performed by relay. We derive the outage probability, coverage probability, throughput, and ergodic capacity of the proposed system model, compare the performance of the proposed system model with the conventional systems in terms of said parameters, and demonstrate that the UAV-assisted cooperative NOMA-based system has higher performance than the conventional orthogonal multiple access based system. We validate the outcomes of the analytical approach using Monte Carlo simulation.
The Awareness and Behavior Model of Fujian Dentists Toward Managing Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Huang Lingling , Wei Bin , Bao Lei , Xu Liang , Zhu Xiaofeng
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND

To evaluate the awareness and behavior model of dentists in managing and treating hypertensive patients in Fujian Province.

METHODS

E-questionnaires were created and sent to dentists of all levels in Fujian Province (n = 610). The questionnaire included an assessment of attitude and behavior toward using a sphygmomanometer in the department of stomatology or clinic, as well as an assessment of the knowledge and ability of the stomatologist to manage and properly diagnose chronic diseases in patients with hypertension.

RESULTS

About 72.5% (442/610) of clinics were equipped with sphygmomanometers. However, only 1.3% (69/610) of dentists routinely measured the blood pressure of all patients prior to treatment. When patients reported a history of hypertension, 73.3% (447/610) of dentists would measure blood pressure, especially when performing invasive procedures such as tooth extraction surgery and implant surgery. If the patient’s blood pressure exceeds 180/100 mm Hg, 88.2% (538/610) of oral physicians would urgently refer the patient to the department of cardiology or superior hospital instead of routine elective dental treatment. About 8l.1% (495/610) of dentists believed that oral treatment of patients with hypertension had a risk of complications, About 54.1% (330/610) of the dentists preferred using local anesthetics without adrenaline to reduce the risk of anesthesia during treatment.

CONCLUSIONS

The dentists in Fujian Province do not pay enough attention to the proper management and diagnosis of hypertensive patients, which should be improved in clinical practice.
Artificial-intelligence-based MRI brain volumetry in patients with essential tremor and tremor-dominant Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Purrer Veronika , Pohl Emily , Lueckel Julia M , Borger Valeri , Sauer Malte , Radbruch Alexander , Wüllner Ullrich , Schmeel Frederic Carsten
Published: October 2023

Essential tremor and Parkinson’s disease patients may present with various tremor types. Overlapping tremor features can be challenging to diagnosis and misdiagnosis is common. Although underlying neurodegenerative mechanisms are suggested, neuroimaging studies arrived at controversial results and often the different tremor types were not considered. We investigated whether different tremor types displayed distinct structural brain features. Structural MRI of 61 patients with essential tremor and 29 with tremor-dominant Parkinson’s disease was analysed using a fully automated artificial-intelligence-based brain volumetry to compare volumes of several cortical and subcortical regions. Furthermore, essential tremor subgroups with and without rest tremor or more pronounced postural and kinetic tremor were investigated. Deviations from an internal reference collective of age- and sex-adjusted healthy controls and volumetric differences between groups were examined; regression analysis was used to determine the contribution of disease-related factors on volumetric measurements. Compared with healthy controls, essential tremor and tremor-dominant Parkinson’s disease patients displayed deviations in the occipital lobes, hippocampus, putamen, pallidum and mesencephalon while essential tremor patients exhibited decreased volumes within the nucleus caudatus and thalamus. Analysis of covariance revealed similar volumetric patterns in both diseases. Essential tremor patients without rest tremor showed a significant atrophy within the thalamus compared to tremor-dominant Parkinson’s disease and atrophy of the mesencephalon and putamen were found in both subgroups compared to essential tremor with rest tremor. Disease-related factors contribute to volumes of occipital lobes in both diseases and to volumes of temporal lobes in essential tremor and the putamen in Parkinson’s disease. Fully automated artificial-intelligence-based volumetry provides a fast and rater-independent method to investigate brain volumes in different neurological disorders and allows comparisons with an internal reference collective. Our results indicate that essential tremor and tremor-dominant Parkinson’s disease share structural changes, indicative of neurodegenerative mechanisms, particularly of the basal-ganglia-thalamocortical circuitry. A discriminating, possibly disease-specific involvement of the thalamus was found in essential tremor patients without rest tremor and the mesencephalon and putamen in tremor-dominant Parkinson’s disease and essential tremor without rest tremor.
KCNN1 promotes proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer via ERLIN2-mediated stabilization and K63-dependent ubiquitination of Cyclin B1
Authors: Xiao Bin , Xiang Qin , Deng Zihua , Chen Daxiang , Wu Shunhong , Zhang Yanxia , Liang Yaru , Wei Shi , Luo Guoqing , Li Linhai
Published: October 2023

Potassium Calcium-Activated Channel Subfamily N1 (KCNN1), an integral membrane protein, is thought to regulate neuronal excitability by contributing to the slow component of synaptic after hyperpolarization. However, the role of KCNN1 in tumorigenesis has been rarely reported, and the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, we report that KCNN1 functions as an oncogene in promoting breast cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. KCNN1 was overexpressed in breast cancer tissues and cells. The pro-proliferative and pro-metastatic effects of KCNN1 were demonstrated by CCK8, clone formation, Edu assay, wound healing assay and transwell experiments. Transcriptomic analysis using KCNN1 overexpressing cells revealed that KCNN1 could regulate key signaling pathways affecting the survival of breast cancer cells. KCNN1 interacts with ERLIN2 and enhances the effect of ERLIN2 on Cyclin B1 stability. Overexpression of KCNN1 promoted the protein expression of Cyclin B1, enhanced its stability and promoted its K63 dependent ubiquitination, while knockdown of KCNN1 had the opposite effects on Cyclin B1. Knockdown (or overexpression) ERLNI2 partially restored Cyclin B1 stability and K63 dependent ubiquitination induced by overexpression (or knockdown) of KCNN1. Knockdown (or overexpression) ERLIN2 also partially neutralizes the effects of overexpression (or knockdown) KCNN1-induced breast cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion. In paired breast cancer clinical samples, we found a positive expression correlations between KCNN1 and ERLIN2, KCNN1 and Cyclin B1, as well as ERLIN2 and Cyclin B1. In conclusion, this study reveals, for the first time, the role of KCNN1 in tumorigenesis and emphasizes the importance of KCNN1/ERLIN2/Cyclin B1 axis in the development and metastasis of breast cancer.
Underwater Wireless Sensor Network-Based Delaunay Triangulation (UWSN-DT) Algorithm for Sonar Map Fusion
Authors: Yuan Xin , Li Ning , Gong Xiaobo , Yu Changli , Zhou Xiaoteng , Ortega José-Fernán Martínez
Published: October 2023

Robust and fast image recognition and matching is an important task in the underwater domain. The primary focus of this work is on extracting subsea features with sonar sensor for further Autonomous Underwater Vehicle navigation, such as the robotic localization and landmark mapping applications. With the assistance of high-resolution underwater features in the Side Scan Sonar (SSS) images, an efficient feature detector and descriptor, Speeded Up Robust Feature, is employed to seabed sonar image fusion task. In order to solve the nonlinear intensity difference problem in SSS images, the main novelty of this work is the proposed Underwater Wireless Sensor Network-based Delaunay Triangulation (UWSN-DT) algorithm for improving the performances of sonar map fusion accuracy with low computational complexity, in which the wireless nodes are considered as underwater feature points, since nodes could provide sufficiently useful information for the underwater map fusion, such as the location. In the simulated experiments, it shows that the presented UWSN-DT approach works efficiently and robustly, especially for the subsea environments where there are few distinguishable feature points.
The rapid radiation of Bomarea (Alstroemeriaceae: Liliales), driven by the rise of the Andes
Authors: Tribble Carrie M , Alzate-Guarín Fernando , Gándara Etelvina , Vartoumian Araz , Burleigh John Gordon , Zenil-Ferguson Rosana , Specht Chelsea D , Rothfels Carl J
Published: October 2023

Geological events such as mountain uplift affect how, when, and where species diversify, but measuring those effects is a longstanding challenge. Andean orogeny impacted the evolution of regional biota by creating barriers to gene flow, opening new habitats, and changing local climate. B⁢o⁢m⁢a⁢r⁢e⁢a (Alstroemeriaceae) are tropical plants with (often) small, isolated ranges; in total, B⁢o⁢m⁢a⁢r⁢e⁢a species occur from central Mexico to central Chile. This genus appears to have evolved rapidly and quite recently, and rapid radiations are often challenging to resolve with traditional phylogenetic inference. In this study, we apply phylogenomics—with hundreds of loci, gene-tree-based data curation, and a multispecies-coalescent approach—to infer the phylogeny of B⁢o⁢m⁢a⁢r⁢e⁢a. We use this phylogeny to untangle the potential drivers of diversification and biogeographic history. In particular, we test if Andean orogeny contributed to the diversification of B⁢o⁢m⁢a⁢r⁢e⁢a. We find that B⁢o⁢m⁢a⁢r⁢e⁢a originated in the central Andes during the mid-Miocene, then spread north, following the trajectory of mountain uplift. Furthermore, Andean lineages diversified faster than non-Andean relatives. B⁢o⁢m⁢a⁢r⁢e⁢a thus demonstrates that—at least in some cases—geological change rather than environmental stability has driven high species diversity in a tropical biodiversity hotspot. These results also demonstrate the utility (and danger) of genome-scale data for making macroevolutionary inferences.
Composition of fungal communities upon multiple passaging of rhizosphere microbiome for salinity stress mitigation in Vigna radiata
Authors: Dubey Shubham , Bhattacharjee Annapurna , Pradhan Salila , Kumar Abhay , Sharma Shilpi
Published: October 2023

The top-down approach of microbiome-mediated rhizosphere engineering has emerged as an eco-friendly approach for mitigating stress and enhancing crop productivity. It has been established to mitigate salinity stress in Vigna radiata using multi-passaging approach. During the process of acclimatization under increasing levels of salinity stress, the structure of rhizospheric microbial community undergoes dynamic changes, while facilitating stress mitigation in plants. In this study, using ITS-based amplicon sequencing, the dynamics of rhizosphere fungal community was unravelled over successive passages under salinity stress in V. radiata. Clear shifts were evident among the fungal community members under stress and non-stress conditions, upon application of acclimatized rhizosphere microbiome in V. radiata across successive passages. These shifts correlated with enhanced plant biometrics and reduced stress marker levels in plant. Significant changes in the fungal community structure were witnessed in the rhizosphere across specific passaging cycles under salinity stress, which possibly facilitated stress mitigation in V. radiata.
Mutations in abnormal spindle disrupt temporal transcription factor expression and trigger immune responses in the Drosophila brain
Authors: Mannino Maria C , Cassidy Mercedes Bartels , Florez Steven , Rusan Zeid , Chakraborty Shalini , Schoborg Todd
Published: October 2023

The coordination of cellular behaviors during neurodevelopment is critical for determining the form, function, and size of the central nervous system (CNS). Mutations in the vertebrate Abnormal Spindle-Like, Microcephaly Associated (ASPM) gene and its Drosophila melanogaster ortholog abnormal spindle (asp) lead to microcephaly (MCPH), a reduction in overall brain size whose etiology remains poorly defined. Here, we provide the neurodevelopmental transcriptional landscape for a Drosophila model for autosomal recessive primary microcephaly-5 (MCPH5) and extend our findings into the functional realm to identify the key cellular mechanisms responsible for Asp-dependent brain growth and development. We identify multiple transcriptomic signatures, including new patterns of coexpressed genes in the developing CNS. Defects in optic lobe neurogenesis were detected in larval brains through downregulation of temporal transcription factors (tTFs) and Notch signaling targets, which correlated with a significant reduction in brain size and total cell numbers during the neurogenic window of development. We also found inflammation as a hallmark of asp mutant brains, detectable throughout every stage of CNS development, which also contributes to the brain size phenotype. Finally, we show that apoptosis is not a primary driver of the asp mutant brain phenotypes, further highlighting an intrinsic Asp-dependent neurogenesis promotion mechanism that is independent of cell death. Collectively, our results suggest that the etiology of the asp mutant brain phenotype is complex and that a comprehensive view of the cellular basis of the disorder requires an understanding of how multiple pathway inputs collectively determine tissue size and architecture.
Unveiling plant defense arsenal: metabolic strategies in Brassica oleracea during black rot disease
Authors: Vega-Álvarez Carmen , Soengas Pilar , Roitsch Thomas , Abilleira Rosaura , Velasco Pablo , Francisco Marta
Published: October 2023

Alterations in plant metabolism play a key role in the complex plant–pathogen interactions. However, there is still a lack of knowledge about the connection between changes in primary and specialized metabolism and the plant defense against diseases that impact crops. Thus, we aim to study the metabolic reprograming in Brassica oleracea plants upon infection by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc). To accomplish this, we utilized a combination of untargeted and targeted metabolomics, through UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and 1H-NMR, in two crop lines differing in resistance that were evaluated at two- and four-week intervals following inoculation (T1 and T2, respectively). Besides, to depict the physiological status of the plant during infection, enzymatic activities related to the carbohydrate pathway and oxidative stress were studied. Our results revealed different temporal dynamics in the responses of the susceptible vs. resistant crops lines. Resistant B. oleracea line suppresses carbohydrate metabolism contributing to limit nutrient supplies to the bacterium and prioritizes the induction of defensive compounds such as indolic glucosinolates, salicylic acid, phenylpropanoids and phytoalexins precursors at early infection stages. In contrast, the susceptible line invests in carbohydrate metabolism, including enzymatic activities related to the hexoses turnover, and activates defense signaling related to reactive oxygen species. Thus, each line triggers a different metabolic strategy that will affect how the plant overcomes the disease in terms of resistance and growth. This work provides first insights of a fine-tuned metabolic regulation during Xcc infection in B. oleracea that will contribute to develop new strategies for plant disease management.