bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inverse modeling of zonal transmission network
Authors: See Phen Chiak
Published: July 2020

Presently, many ideas have been proposed for constructing zonal models of the European transmission network. Most of them are based on transmission network reduction and bus clustering, which requires the ex-ante knowledge on the details (impedance, interconnections, etc.) of the network’s elements. Generally, the information is not publicly disclosed. This paper describes a method for serving the purpose, which only requires the ex-post (i.e., published) inter-zonal power flow data as input. It performs inverse modeling on the ex-post data to reveal the virtual reactance of the interconnectors in the zonal model. The reactance values are then used for computing the zonal Power Transfer Distribution Factors (PTDFs) of the model, which is the best representation of the loop flows. A large number of such zonal PTDFs could exist in one zonal model because of its dependency on the Generation Shift Keys (GSKs). Theoretically, the GSKs could exist as an infinite set of unique combinations but only a finite number of them applied in real system operations. As a solution, the authors propose a heuristic approach for grouping the ex-post power flow cases into clusters, and find the zonal PTDF for each of them; in order to effectively reduce the domain of the zonal PTDFs and enhance the tractability of the solution. The identified zonal PTDFs meaningfully represent the zonal model. Additionally, they can also be used for studying the best and worst case scenarios of cross-border security-constrained economic dispatch.
CANNABIS USE AMONG MILITARY VETERANS: A GREAT DEAL TO GAIN OR LOSE?
Authors: MacKillop James , Turna Jasmine
Published: July 2020

Policy changes have resulted in dramatic increases in access to cannabis for medical purposes. Veterans are disproportionately affected by conditions for which medical cannabis is often pursued, making an evidence-based perspective on risks versus benefits of high priority. The current review sought to examine the state of the evidence on consequences and correlates of cannabis use among veterans. Using a comprehensive search strategy, 501 articles were identified and 86 studies met criteria for inclusion. The literature was predominated by cross-sectional studies (67%) of male veterans (71.4%-100% male) from the United States (93.0%). Three overarching themes emerged, comprising cannabis associations with other substance use, mental health, and physical health outcomes. The balance of the evidence associated cannabis use with negative health outcomes, with consistent positive associations with other substance use, psychiatric disorders, and self-harm/suicidality. Few studies examined the therapeutic effects of cannabis, thus limiting the potential to evaluate evidence of efficacy. Priority areas for future research are studies using designs that can examine the directionality of links between cannabis and health in veterans more conclusively, and studies directly examining therapeutic efficacy of cannabis-based therapies in veterans. Methodologically rigorous design will be essential to inform clinical recommendations and practices guidelines in an era of burgeoning access to cannabis.
Interoceptive predictors of time estimation
Authors: Van Hedger Kathryne , Faig Kelly E. , Necka Elizabeth A. , Norman Greg
Published: July 2020

Time estimation accuracy is essential for many activities in daily life. Interoception, the process of detecting internal bodily signals, has been theorized to contribute to accurate time estimation. The present study examines the relationship between interoception, broadly conceptualized to incorporate both interoceptive accuracy and self-reported body perception, and time estimation accuracy at short (sub-second) and long (multi-second) intervals. We assessed baseline heart rate and high frequency heart rate variability, then participants (n = 63) completed a heartbeat detection task to measure interoceptive accuracy, a self-reported measure of body perception, and time reproduction and production estimation tasks. Using multivariate regression, we found that interoceptive accuracy significantly predicted long interval accuracy on the production task; however, individuals with higher interoceptive accuracy produced shorter, not necessarily more accurate, intervals on this task. Body perception was not related to time estimation. Our findings provide limited support for the role of interoception in time estimation.
The specious interaction of time and numerosity perception
Authors: TOGOLI IRENE , Fornaciai Michele , Bueti Domenica
Published: July 2020

Magnitude information is essential to create a representation of the external environment and successfully interact with it. Duration and numerosity, for example, can shape our predictions and bias each other (i.e., the greater the number of people queuing, the longer we expect to wait). While these biases suggest the existence of a generalized magnitude system, asymmetric effects (i.e., numerosity affecting duration but not vice versa) challenged this idea. Here we propose that such asymmetric integration depends on the stimuli used and the neural processing dynamics they entail. Across multiple behavioural experiments employing different stimulus presentation displays (static versus dynamic), and experimental manipulations known to bias numerosity and duration perceptions (i.e., connectedness and multisensory integration), we show that the integration between numerosity and time can be symmetrical if the stimuli entail a similar neural time-course and numerosity unfolds over time. Overall, these findings support the idea of a generalized magnitude system, but also highlight the role of early sensory processing in magnitude representation and integration.
The Potential to Infer the Historical Pattern of Cultural Macroevolution
Authors: Lukas Dieter , Towner Mary , Borgerhoff Mulder Monique
Published: July 2020

Phylogenetic analyses increasingly take centre-stage in our understanding of the processes shaping patterns of cultural diversity and cultural evolution over time. Just as biologists explain the origins and maintenance of trait differences among organisms using phylogenetic methods, so anthropologists studying cultural macroevolutionary processes use phylogenetic methods to uncover the history of human populations and the dynamics of culturally transmitted traits. In this paper we revisit concerns with the validity of these methods. Specifically, we use simulations to reveal how properties of the sample (size, missing data), properties of the tree (shape), and properties of the traits (rate of change, number of variants, transmission mode) might influence the inferences that can be drawn about trait distributions across a given phylogeny and the power to discern alternative histories. Our approach shows that in two example datasets specific combinations of properties of the sample, of the tree, and of the trait can lead to potentially high rates of Type I and Type II errors. We offer this simulation tool to help assess the potential impact of this list of persistent perils in future cultural macroevolutionary work.
Social capital and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Rodela Tahmina Tasnim , Sultana Abida , McKyer E. Lisako J. , Bhattacharya Sudip , Hossain Md Mahbub
Published: July 2020

COVID-19 pandemic is affecting mental health and wellbeing across populations. The continued burden of psychosocial stressors in different contexts necessitates multipronged interventions that address mental health problems and associated disparities. Global evidence suggests that social capital plays a critical role in determining mental health outcomes in communities, which can be leveraged for improving mental health in COVID-19. As communities with better social capital is likely to have a lower burden of mental disorders, it is necessary to assess potential measures to use social capital for mental health promotion in vulnerable populations. The existing forms of social capital may provide social support within and between communities that are critically affected by COVID-19. Alongside faster recovery from socioeconomic challenges, social capital interventions may strengthen the social determinants of mental health and empower communities to alleviate the psychosocial consequences of this pandemic.
ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ОПТИМАЛЬНОЇ ДОРОЖНЬОЇ КОНСТРУКЦІЇ З ПОПЕРЕЧНИМИ ДРЕНАЖАМИ МІЛКОГО ЗАКЛАДАННЯ
Authors: Славінська О. С.  , Бубела А. В.  , Бондаренко Л. П.  , Чечуга О. С.
Published: July 2020

Optimal engineering solutions are not always available in the design of road pavement, resulting in large losses in road construction. The justification of the optimal design should be based on an analysis of the range of natural conditions. An assessment of the range of technical and technological parameters determining the work of shallow drainage structures is carried out by means of a collective expert assessment carried out by means of questionnaires from leading experts in the sector. A target function has been defined for finding the most optimal design of shallow drainage under two groups of criteria: estimated cost and a set of technical and technological indicators, which are characterized by the efficiency of its operation. Of the eight proposed shallow drainage structures, the best engineering design was validated and recommended at the lowest estimated cost.
OVERACTIVE BLADDER
Authors: Yordanov Delyan  , Yordanova Lilyna
Published: July 2020

In recent years, there has been a steady increase in patients visiting a specialist for what is known as overactive bladder syndrome. Due to the extremely negative impact of the disease on patients' quality of life, timely diagnosis and adequate treatment choices are of the utmost importance. The guidelines presented include a description of the etiology and pathogenesis, basic principles of diagnosis, and current methods of treatment for this category of patients.
ПРОИЗВОДСТВО ХЛЕБОБУЛОЧНЫХ ИЗДЕЛИЙ АНТИДИАБЕТИЧЕСКОГО ДЕЙСТВИЯ
Authors: Бералиева Э. Б.  , Керимбек Ж. С.
Published: July 2020

The article discusses the ways to solve the problems of low levels of active biological substances in the bakery product, with medicinal properties. In the process of the preparation of buns, the optimal dosages of the additives were calculated in order to determine an acceptable ratio of vegetable raw materials components and expand the range of bakery products with therapeutic and prophylactic effects. The article proposes new recipe for making buns with the addition of herbal additives such as stevia and licorice root. In addition, the study was conducted on the influence of licorice root and stevia additives on the rheological properties of the dough and the quality of the finished product. As a result, high-quality buns with the necessary consumer properties were obtained.
ORIENT В. А. МОЦАРТА: ВІД АЛЮЗІЇ ДО ЕТИКО- ЕСТЕТИЧНОЇ СТИЛЬОВОЇ МОДЕЛІ
Authors: Тетяна Младенова
Published: July 2020

Throughout the history of music, the dialogue of cultures in the West- East discourse has produced various Orientalism models. Introducing a fashion for oriental decorations in Europe, using new instruments, borrowing modes of musical expression, as well as alluding to signs and symbols of oriental religions and philosophies gave rise to reshaping European musical aesthetics as early as the 18th century. At that time, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and his work were undoubtedly pivotal for the art. One can retrospectively observe that Turkish Janissary musical traditions significantly freshened and enriched the composer's instrumental thinking. This can be seen most in the orchestration of Mozart's oriental operas – namely, his singspiels Zaide and The Abduction from the Seraglio. Being a synthetic genre by its nature, opera is primarily related to literary activity; therefore, its oriental colour and imagery need to be immersed in the philosophical world of oriental narratives and storylines that were very popular in baroque and classicism art. Moreover, on the example of The Magic Flute, Mozart's last opera, we can observe how the semiosis of Sufi texts explicitly present in this singspiel libretto gives the work new – Romantic – features. These new characteristics are not limited to the surface aesthetic level of decorations. As an opera reformer, Mozart reshapes the aesthetics of musical language, concurrently refining the ethical component of the genre. Thus, when analysing some instrumental, especially opera pieces by Mozart – namely, Zaide, The Abduction from the Seraglio and The Magic Flute singspiels, one can affirm that the synergy between all orientalism features in the composer’s works and established traditions of the European musical art resulted in the Viennese master creating a new ethical and aesthetic style model, which became seminal for the upcoming epochs.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ МОТИВАЦИИ ОБУЧЕНИЯ ИНОСТРАННЫМ ЯЗЫКАМ
Authors: Калерия Ковалёва  , Эльвира Герасименко
Published: July 2020

The problems and the specifics of motivation during foreign languages teaching in higher educational establishments have been considered in the article. The importance of this problem solving is determined by the fact that educational motivation is a decisive factor of educational process efficiency. Motivation provides interest to learning activity, improves the work of all cognitive mechanisms and speech activity: memory, thinking, attention and also activates the linguistic unit memorization, which stimulates successful foreign language communication. The aim of our investigation is to analyse the nature, structure and approaches of the motivation formation, development and maintenance during foreign languages studying. The object of our investigation is the educational activity motivation, in particular foreign languages teaching. The subject of our investigation is the structure, components, mechanisms of effective functioning, conditions of motivational studying activity development. Different classifications of motivational factors have been considered and the main types of motives during a foreign language studying have been distinguished. The anti-motivation factors which affect the quality of the educational process have been also considered in the context of this work. As a result of investigation, it has been stated that the level of motivation increasing during a foreign language studying is possible only with the complex usage of these conditions.
ЕМОТИВНО-ОЦІННІ ВИМІРИ ОНІМНОГО ПРОСТОРУ В МОВОТВОРЧОСТІ ОЛЕКСАНДРА ДОВЖЕНКА
Authors: Коновал Інна Іванівна
Published: July 2020

The article deals with theoretical problems of onomastics. The study was aimed to consider the development of linguistic science in diachrony. The difference between artistic and linguistic onomastics has been identified. The status of the onyms in the context of the artistic works has been determined. The part of the study was devoted to clarifying the tangential relations of onomastics with related disciplines. Theoretical and practical achievements in the field of onymia were analyzed. An attempt to structure the classification and description of all components of the onomatology filling in Alexander Dovzhenko`s idiolect was made. It was revealed that the most used group of onyms are toponyms and anthroponyms with emotional and evaluative meanings.
Bilateral Post Traumatic Facial Nerve Palsy Presenting as Dysarthria: A Case Report
Authors: ME Ekuma , ME Ekuma , CA Ndubuisi , W Mezue , SC Ohaegbulam , MN Ndafia
Published: July 2020

Bilateral traumatic facial nerve palsy (FNP) is rare and can present with distressing features. We report a
23-year-old male final year medical student with a 10-day history of speech difficulty following a passenger
motorcycle road traffic accident. Physical examination showed a fully conscious young man whose only
neurological deficit was bilateral lower motor neuron facial nerve palsy (House and Brackmann grade IV)
and difficulty pronouncing plosives. A high-resolution temporal bone CT showed a right longitudinal
temporal bone fracture. There was no temporal bone fracture on the left side. Brain MRI was normal. He
had complete recovery of facial nerve function on conservative management 6 months after the injury.
Wasmuth HH, Færden AE, Myklebust TÅ, et al (2020) Transanal total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer has been suspended in Norway. Br J Surg 107:121–30
Authors: Aubert M. , Panis Y.
Published: July 2020

Contexte : L’exérèse totale du mésorectum par voie transanale (TaTME) pour la prise en charge du cancer du rectum est récemment apparue comme alternative à l’exérèse totale du mésorectum par voie abdominale. Cependant, certaines inquiétudes à propos des résultats oncologiques de cette technique chirurgicale ont émergé. Le but de cette étude était d’évaluer le taux de récidives locales après TaTME. Les objectifs secondaires s’intéressaient à la mortalité postopératoire, au taux de fistule anastomotique et au taux de stomie définitive.

Méthodes : Les données de tous les patients opérés par TaTME ont été rapportées et comparées aux données issues des registres nationaux norvégiens de cancers colorectaux (NCCR) et de chirurgie gastro-intestinale (NoRGast). Les taux de récidive locale étaient estimés selon Kaplan-Meier.

Résultats : En Norvège, 157 patients ont été opérés par TaTME pour un cancer du rectum entre octobre 2014 et octobre 2018. Trois des sept centres hospitaliers participants ont abandonné la réalisation de cette intervention après cinq procédures. Le taux de récidive locale était de 12 sur 157 patients (7,6 %) ; huit récidives locales étaient multifocales ou étendues. Le taux de récidive locale après un suivi de à 2,4 ans était estimé à 11,6 % (IC 95 % : [6,6‒19,9]) après TaTME contre 2,4 % (IC 95 % : [1,4‒4,4]) dans le registre NCCR (p < 0,001). Le hasard ratio était estimé à 6,71 (IC 95 % : [2,94‒15,32]). Le taux de fistule anastomotique nécessitant une réintervention était de 8,4 % dans le groupe TaTME contre 4,5 % dans le registre NoRGast (p = 0,047). Cinquante-six patients (35,7 %) étaient porteurs d’une stomie à la fin du suivi, dont 39 (24,8 %) étaient définitives.

Conclusion : Le taux de fistule anastomotique était plus élevé après TaTME en comparaison aux données des registres nationaux norvégiens. Le taux de récidive locale ainsi que les caractéristiques de cette récidive après TaTME étaient défavorables.
China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, ICTs, and Digital Economy: A Cross-District Analysis of Baseline Data for Gilgit-Baltistan
Authors: Khan Aftab Ahmed , Baig Saranjam Muhammad , Muhammad Faqeer
Published: July 2020

In the fast digitizing world, the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is pivotal for providing greater, efficient, and easier access to many basic services in the everyday life. In the era of globalization, ICT also provides opportunities for self-employment and income generation. It has the potential to pull many isolated regions out of poverty and it provides opportunities. In regard, the purpose of the research is to highlight the current status of ICT usage and infrastructure across various districts in Gilgit-Baltistan. It is anticipated that the installation of fiber optic cable from China to Pakistan along the CPEC route will connect Gilgit-Baltistan to the rest of the world by high speed internet. Using the baseline information, we explore the current ICT related challenges and opportunities, which will help developing an ICT framework for Gilgit-Baltistan in order to take advantage of the opportunities that CPEC promises.
Parental Conflict and Role of Child Protection & Welfare Bureau on Children’s Life
Authors: Rajpoot Hira Azhar , Chaudhry Abid Ghafoor
Published: July 2020

The study is based on parental conflict and the role of the Child Protection & Welfare Bureau (CP&WB) on children’s life. Parental disharmony and friction can have a devastating effect on children and their mental growth. Besides posing a serious impediment to their change as they grow, the parental difference may lead to damaging lifelong effects on the children’s well-being. Kids may feel anxiety, depression, shame,or other similar issues when parental relationships result in impaired parenting practices arising out of conflict. The research was conducted at CP&WB in Bahawalpur. The study aimed to investigate the role of the Bureau for the betterment of the children. The methodology of the research was explanatory and the methods used for the research were interviews and observation. It was found that the bureau generally provided love, care, and met the basic need of the children for their social betterment and mental growth.
A Comparative Analysis of Reporting Verbs in Research Papers authored by Pakistani and Native Writers
Authors: Yasmin Tayyabba , Butt Intzar Hussain , Sarwar Muhammad Naeem
Published: July 2020

Decorous exploitation of reporting verbs is a fundamental component of academic writing. It facilitates in constructing authors’ assertions as well as situating those assertions with the previously published literature in the field (Bloch, 2010). This study has been carried out to examine the phenomena of reporting verbs in the research articles of Education and English written by Pakistani and native speakers of English. A corpus-based approach has been adopted in this study. The corpus of the study comprises of 152 research articles, authored by native and Pakistani researchers in the fields of Education and English. The findings of the study exhibited dissimilarities in the ways the authors accredit the other sources in their work and demonstrate the reported statements in Pakistani and native corpora. This study will assist the research scholars to enhance their awareness regarding an appropriate selection of reporting verbs in their academic writings.
Work- Family Conflict and its Impact on Job Performance of Female Teachers of Frontier Education Foundation Girls Colleges of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Authors: Khan Farid Ullah , Faizi Waqar Un Nisa , Naseer Ud Din Muhammad
Published: July 2020

The study investigated family interference
with work conflict (FIW) among female
teachers based on selected demographic variables and its
impact on their job performance; with job performance as
the dependent variable and FIW the independent variable.
The data was gathered from 295 female teachers from fifteen
FEF girls’ degree colleges across Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
through a survey questionnaire of 42 closed-end items on
five-point Likert scale. Of the total 295 teachers, 220
respondents including 177 married and 43 unmarried
returned the questionnaire. The findings divulged that the
teachers faced FIW with different magnitude based on
various demographic factors and has an adverse impact on
their job performance. The findings are useful for
researchers, policy makers, teacher and employers as they
give an insight into the female teachers’ problems in their
efforts of balancing their roles in family and work domains
Potential Benefits of Bilingual Teaching in Learning History
Authors: Sehar Sara , Alwi S. Khurram Khan , Shaiq Mohammad
Published: July 2020

Bilingual education has been controversial since the beginning of educational programs, there is still uncertainty among school leaders while deciding the medium of instructions for their system especially while measuring its impact on students’ learning. This research evaluated the outcomes of bilingual education for the subject of History. The target population of this research was grade V students studying in a private school In Pakistan. This study explored benefits of bilingual teaching by adopting Urdu language explanation and discussion for clarifying details. Scaffolding and Translanguaging were applied during the history periods and positive results were recorded after the intervention., benefits were observed on the overall academic performance, class participation and conceptual clarity of the experimental group who were taught with bilingually. Conclusively, bilingual instructions proved to be aid that supported learning.
PENERAPAN MODEL SKRIP KOOPETARIF DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Sarjima
Published: July 2020

Masalah yang dihadapi guru adalah masih kurangnya kemampuan siswa dalam memahami materi pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia, seperti kurangnya kemampuan siswa dalam mengungkapkan pikiran , perasaan, dan informasi dalam bentuk resensi dan karangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam memahami materi pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia tentang “Meresensi Buku Ilmu Pengetahuan” dengan Model Skrip Kooperatif. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dua siklus dengan subyek penelitian adalah  siswa kelas IXD SMPN 2  Jamblang Kabupaten Cirebon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia setelah menerapkan model skrip kooperatif. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa Model Skrip Kooperatif dapat Meningkatkan Pemahaman siswa dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia pada materi Meresensi Buku Ilmu Pengetahuan.
Bactericidal Potential of Extract Citrus Hystrix D.C.Leaf Powder on Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi
Authors: Maulidah Elfira , Thuraidah Anny , Lutpiatina Leka
Published: July 2020

Infectious diseases can be caused by bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi. Treatment of infectious diseases can use antibiotics. However, antibiotics can cause side effects on users. Kuit Lime leaf (Citrus hystrix D.C.) contains secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, steroids, triterpenoids, tannins, and flavonoids used as antibacterial. This study aimed to determine the bactericidal potential of the kuit lime leaf extract powder on Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi. The type of research used is the experiment, and the research design used is the Posttest Only Control Group Design. The antibacterial activity test used was the liquid dilution of MIC and MBC. The results showed the MIC of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi was 180 mg/mL and 120 mg/mL, while the MBC results against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi are 190 mg/mL and 130 mg/mL. Data analysis in this research conducted descriptively. Based on descriptive analysis, it concluded that the bactericidal potential of the powdered extract of kuit lime against Staphylococcus aureus is at a concentration of 190 mg/mL and Salmonella typhi at a concentration of 130 mg/mL.
Supply Chain Management in the Light of Enterprise Resource Planning (Selected Criteria: Services and Satisfaction)
Authors: Baradaran Ghanad Shima , Jarini Mohammad Mehdi , Shakerian Hamed
Published: July 2020

Enterprise resource planning can influence the supply chain management in Ceramic and Tile industry. By exploring the literature review and the main variable indicators, the enterprise resources planning is on the supply chain management which its subsidiary hypotheses such as system, satisfaction, agency information, services and task force were investigated. The population included Tile and Ceramic experts of Yazd province (Iran). Sampling was done based on snowball method and a questionnaire was used for data collection. Inferential statistics (factor analysis, path analysis, and structural equation) was used for data analysis via SPSS and PLS software. The results of data analysis showed that the hypotheses of satisfaction and services were approved. Consequently, some suggestions were offered about Tile and Ceramic industry.
Bahninfrastrukturen
Authors: Weidmann Ulrich
Published: July 2020

Sie befördert ihre Fahrgäste mit hohem Komfort, maximaler Sicherheit und minimalem Platzbedarf. Sie verbindet Metropolen, transportiert Gütermengen über lange Distanzen und braucht wenig Energie. Um ihre Haltepunkte herum entfalten sich Wohnen und Arbeiten und sie ist für alle Personen gleichermassen zugänglich. Kurz: Die Bahn bietet sich als Mobilitätsträgerin der Zukunft geradezu an.
Die Bahn ist für alle da und doch eine Welt für sich. Rückgrat ist die Bahninfrastruktur, ein komplexes soziotechnisches System. Bei ihrer Weiterentwicklung ist höchste Wirtschaftlichkeit gefordert: nicht zu viel, aber auch nicht zu wenig und vor allem das Richtige soll gebaut werden. Lebenszykluskostenoptimierte Technologien sollen die Ausführung bestimmen und während der Nutzung sind die Anlagen effizient und effektiv zu erhalten.
Die intensive Planungs- und Bautätigkeit im Bahnbereich äussert sich in einem breiten Interesse an einem Einführungswerk. Dieses Buch ist auf Grundlage jahrzehntelanger Tätigkeit in Lehre und Forschung entstanden. Die Struktur folgt – nach einer übergreifenden Einleitung – dem Lebenszyklus einer Infrastruktur, von der Planung über die Realisierung bis zu ihrer Erhaltung. Die Darstellung soll Grundlegendes aufzeigen und den Einstieg in eine vertiefte Auseinandersetzung erleichtern.
Enhancing English Speaking Skills through Self-Assessment-Based Action Research
Authors: Pinto Avilez Ariadna , Díaz Larenas Claudio
Published: July 2020

This paper presents an action research study conducted in an English communicative course at a Chilean university. This investigation aimed to improve university students' speaking skills through the self-assessment methodology. The intervention was held during four weeks, in which participants were exposed to English through task-based lessons that required their systematic self-assessment to develop their speaking skills. With the use of an analytic rubric to measure whether or not there was improvement in pre and post oral interviews, a learning journal and a focus group interview, findings showed that there was a positive change in their speaking performances, and learners appreciated this methodology as a way to improve their academic results.
Immediate effects of different types of abdominal exercises on the inter-rectus distance
Authors: Da Cuña-Carrera Iria , Soto-González Mercedes , Alonso-Calvete Alejandra , González-González Yoana , Lantarón-Caeiro Eva María
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND: The effects of abdominal exercises on the inter-rectus distance are unclear. OBJECTIVE: To compare the inter-rectus distance at rest and during different abdominal exercises: abdominal crunch, abdominal crunch with transversus abdominis pre-activation and hypopressive exercise. METHODS: A transversal experimental study was carried out in 98 healthy adults without diastasis recti abdominis were recruited. Measurements were assessed using ultrasound imaging, and two points were evaluated: just above the umbilicus (U point) and halfway between the U point and the xiphoid (UX point). The inter-rectus distance was measured at rest and during the abdominal exercises. RESULTS: The abdominal crunch with transversus abdominis pre-activation increases the inter-rectus distance in comparison with rest and with abdominal crunch in the U point. CONCLUSION: These results increase the knowledge about the behaviour of the linea alba and inter-rectus distance during abdominal exercises, with practical applications in the rehabilitation of the abdominal wall and low back.
Anomaly detection of bridge health monitoring data based on KNN algorithm
Authors: Lei Zhen , Zhu Liang , Fang Youliang , Li Xiaolei , Liu Beizhan
Published: July 2020

Pattern recognition technology is applied to bridge health monitoring to solve abnormalities in bridge health monitoring data. Testing is of great significance. For abnormal data detection, this paper proposes a single variable pattern anomaly detection method based on KNN distance and a multivariate time series anomaly detection method based on the covariance matrix and singular value decomposition. This method first performs compression and segmentation on the original data sequence based on important points to obtain multiple time subsequences, then calculates the pattern distance between each time subsequence according to the similarity measure of the time series, and finally selects the abnormal mode according to the KNN method. In this paper, the reliability of the method is verified through experiments. The experimental results in this paper show that the 5/7/9 / 11-nearest neighbors point to a specific number of nodes. Combined with the original time series diagram corresponding to the time zone view, in this paragraph in the time, the value of the temperature sensor No. 6 stays at 32.5 degrees Celsius for up to one month. The detection algorithm controls the number of MTS subsequences through sliding windows and sliding intervals. The execution time is not large, and the value of K is different. Although the calculated results are different, most of the most obvious abnormal sequences can be detected. The results of this paper provide a certain reference value for the study of abnormal detection of bridge health monitoring data.
Certain models of granular computing based on rough fuzzy approximations
Authors: Akram Muhammad , Luqman Anam , Al-Kenani Ahmad N.
Published: July 2020

An extraction of granular structures using graphs is a powerful mathematical framework in human reasoning and problem solving. The visual representation of a graph and the merits of multilevel or multiview of granular structures suggest the more effective and advantageous techniques of problem solving. In this research study, we apply the combinative theories of rough fuzzy sets and rough fuzzy digraphs to extract granular structures. We discuss the accuracy measures of rough fuzzy approximations and measure the distance between lower and upper approximations. Moreover, we consider the adjacency matrix of a rough fuzzy digraph as an information table and determine certain indiscernible relations. We also discuss some general geometric properties of these indiscernible relations. Further, we discuss the granulation of certain social network models using rough fuzzy digraphs. Finally, we develop and implement some algorithms of our proposed models to granulate these social networks.
The pth moment exponential stability of uncertain differential equation with jumps
Authors: Liu Shiqin , Liu Liying , Wang Na , Zhang Jianguang
Published: July 2020

Under the axiom system of uncertainty theory, the paper mainly introduce the new definition of the pth moment exponential stability for uncertain differential equation with jumps. For illustrating the concept, some examples and counterexamples are given. Furthermore, we obtain a necessary and sufficient condition of stability in pth moment exponential for the linear uncertain differential equation with jumps. Also, the conclusion condition is illustrated very clearly by two examples.
A new approach of attribute reduction of rough sets based on soft metric
Authors: Mustafa H.I. , Tantawy O.A.
Published: July 2020

Attribute reduction is considered as an important processing step for pattern recognition, machine learning and data mining. In this paper, we combine soft set and rough set to use them in applications. We generalize rough set model and introduce a soft metric rough set model to deal with the problem of heterogeneous numerical feature subset selection. We construct a soft metric on the family of knowledge structures based on the soft distance between attributes. The proposed model will degrade to the classical one if we specify a zero soft real number. We also provide a systematic study of attribute reduction of rough sets based on soft metric. Based on the constructed metric, we define co-information systems and consistent co-decision systems, and we provide a new method of attribute reductions of each system. Furthermore, we present a judgement theorem and discernibility matrix associated with attribute of each type of system. As an application, we present a case study from Zoo data set to verify our theoretical results.
Influence of vestibular rehabilitation on the recovery of all vestibular receptor organs in patients with unilateral vestibular hypofunction
Authors: Sestak Anamarija , Maslovara Sinisa , Zubcic Zeljko , Vceva Andrijana
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND: Only a few studies in the literature demonstrate the effect of vestibular rehabilitation (VR) on all vestibular receptor organs. Furthermore, very little evidence of the effect of VR on isolated otolith dysfunction (IOD) is available. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to investigate the effect of VR on all vestibular receptor organs in patients with different types of unilateral vestibular hypofunction (UVH). METHODS: We enrolled 80 patients with three different types of UVH; combined and isolated loss of semicircular canal and otolith organ function. All patients performed a 12-week customized program of VR and received a full battery of vestibular function tests, before and after the VR. The DHI and SF-36 were performed before, after 6 weeks, and 12 weeks of the VR. RESULTS: Parameters of the caloric test, video head impulse test, ocular and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials were significantly improved after VR. A total of 59 (74%) patients fully recovered, with no significant difference in recovery regarding the type (p = 0.13) and stage of UVH (p = 0.13). All patients reported significantly lower disability and a better quality of life after the VR based on the DHI and SF-36 score. CONCLUSIONS: Vestibular rehabilitation has a positive effect on the recovery of all vestibular receptor organs and it should be used in patients with IOD.
What can virtual reality offer to stroke patients? A narrative review of the literature
Authors: Szczepańska-Gieracha Joanna , Cieślik Błażej , Rutkowski Sebastian , Kiper Paweł , Turolla Andrea
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND: Studies demonstrated the efficacy of virtual reality (VR) as a method supporting the post-stroke neuro-rehabilitation process by activating motor learning processes. Nevertheless, stroke is frequently accompanied by serious psychological problems including depression, which is associated with an increased risk of mortality, lower post-stroke physical activity, and higher disability in stroke patients. OBJECTIVES: To explore the current use of VR as a method supporting the neuro-rehabilitation process, both in physical and psychological dimensions. METHODS: An exploratory review was conducted with a narrative synthesis. PubMed was used for literature search. Search includes the use of VR in physical rehabilitation, and as support therapy in psychiatric disorders. Both primary research and systematic reviews were included. RESULTS: In neurological disorders rehabilitation, out of 22 studies, 16 concerned stroke survivors. In psychiatric disorders, 44 literature reviews were included. CONCLUSION: The studies confirmed the effectiveness of various forms of VR treatment in the alleviation of psychological and behavioral problems and psychiatric disorders. There is a shortage of VR-based technological solutions that would, besides physical rehabilitation, offer stroke patients therapeutic tools to alleviate psychological disturbance and improve the patient’s mood and motivation. Such solutions will most likely become a field of intensive research in the coming years.
Preliminary development and technical evaluation of a belt-actuated robotic rehabilitation platform
Authors: Fang Juan , Schuwey Andres , Stocker Niklaus , Pedrini Brian , Sampaio Antonio , Hunt Kenneth J.
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND: To provide effective rehabilitation in the early post-injury stage, a novel robotic rehabilitation platform is proposed, which provides full-body arm-leg rehabilitation via belt actuation to severely disabled patients who are restricted to bed rest. OBJECTIVE: To design and technically evaluate the preliminary development of the rehabilitation platform, with focus on the generation of various leg movements. METHODS: Two computer models were developed by importing the components from SolidWorks into Simscape Multibody in MATLAB. This allowed simulation of various stepping movements in supine-lying and side-lying positions. Two belt-actuated test rigs were manufactured and automatic control programs were developed in TIA Portal. Finally, the functionality of the test rigs was technically evaluated. RESULTS: Computer simulation yielded target positions for the generation of various stepping movements in the experimental platforms. The control system enabled the two-drive test rig to provide three modes of stepping in a supine position. In addition, the four-drive test rig produced walking-like stepping in a side-lying position. CONCLUSIONS: This work confirmed the feasibility of the mechanical development and control system of the test rigs, which are deemed applicable for further development of the overall novel robotic rehabilitation platform.
A ToF-based system for recording human sagittal back shape
Authors: Yan Rongguo , Xu Yuling , Zhang Hanwen , Jiang Rong’an
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND: The sagittal back shape (SBS) of the human body, which should be highly consistent with the spinal morphology along the internal spine line, also presents an s-shaped curve. OBJECTIVE: We propose a novel time-of-flight (ToF) based system to record the s-shaped SBS of the human body, which was simple, inexpensive, and non-invasive. RESULTS: The system was composed of a bottom plate, an upright post, a vertical rod, dozens of horizontal measuring rods, and a ToF sensor. The experimental results showed that the system supported to obtain the s-shaped SBS of the human body with satisfactory accuracy. CONCLUSIONS: The ToF-based system for recording human sagittal back shape will be useful for routine screening of spinal physiological conditions in schools, as well as for e.g. digital garment design, and special seat-back design.
Effect of iterative reconstruction algorithm levels on noise index and figure-of-merit in CT pulmonary angiography examinations
Authors: Harun H.H. , Karim M.K.A. , Abbas Z. , Sabarudin A. , Muniandy S.C. , Ibahim M.J.
Published: July 2020

PURPOSE:

To evaluate the influence of iterative reconstruction (IR) levels on Computed Tomography (CT) image quality and to establish Figure of Merit (FOM) value for CT Pulmonary Angiography (CTPA) examinations.

METHODS:

Images of 31 adult patients who underwent CTPA examinations in our institution from March to April 2019 were retrospectively collected. Other data, such as scanning parameters, radiation dose and body habitus information from the subjects were also recorded. Six different levels of IR were applied to the volume data of the subjects. Five circles of the region of interest (ROI) were drawn in five different arteries namely, pulmonary trunk, right pulmonary artery, left pulmonary artery, ascending aorta and descending aorta. The mean Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was obtained, and the FOM was calculated in a fraction of the SNR2 divided by volume-weighted CT dose index (CTDIvol) and SNR2 divided by the size-specific dose estimates (SSDE).

RESULTS:

Overall, we observed that the mean value of CTDIvol and SSDE were 13.79±7.72 mGy and 17.25±8.92 mGy, respectively. Notably, SNR values significantly increase with increase of the IR level ( p < 0.05). There are also significant differences ( p < 0.05) in the FOM for both SNR2/SSDE and SNR2/CTDIvol attained in different IR levels.

CONCLUSION:

We successfully evaluate the value of radiation dose and image quality performance and set up a figure of merit for both parameters to further verify scanning protocols by radiology personnel.
Effect of electrospinning parameters on the morphology of polyurethane/polycaprolactone fibers
Authors: Nguyen Thuan Ba , Tran Nam MP , Dang Nhi NT , Truong Long Phuoc , Nguyen Hiep T
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Electrospinning is now being widely used as a potential tool for tissue engineering to manufacturing tissue grafts, wound dressings, medical fabrics, and drug delivery systems. Regarding biomaterials,  polyurethane (PU) and polycaprolactone (PCL) and their combination are prospective candidates for the fabrication of electrospun membranes used in tissue engineering due to their suitable biocompatibility, biodegradability, and mechanical properties. Thus, this study investigates how to manipulate the electrospinning process of PU/PCL to obtain nanofibers with desired features.
Methods: PU/PCL dissolved in N,N-Dimethylformamide, and tetrahydrofuran were electrospun with various applied voltages, tip-to-collector distances, and flow rates. The collected membranes were observed using a scanning electron microscope to evaluate the effect of electrospinning conditions on their morphology and fiber diameters.
Results: Slower flow rate, longer tip-to-collector distance, and higher voltage all led to smaller,  more uniform fibers. By manipulating these factors, the study yielded a non-woven, porous membrane with uniform, separated nanofibers at the condition set of 12 cm tip-to-collector, 20 kV applied, and 0.5 mL/h flow rate.
Conclusion: The study determined the effect of electrospinning parameters on the morphology of polycaprolactone/polyurethane fibers and obtained membrane with suitable properties for further research.
Radioterapi Pada Meningioma Anak
Authors: Tjuatja Fenny , Permata Tiara Bunga Mayang , Aman Renindra Ananda , Gondhowiardjo Soehartati A.
Published: July 2020

Meningioma pada anak termasuk kasus yang jarang dijumpai, hanya dijumpai pada 0,4 - 4,6% dari seluruh tumor otak primer anak. Ada beberapa hal yang membedakan meningioma anak dan dewasa, seperti : ditemukannya gambaran kistik pada pencitraan, lebih sedikit dural tail, lebih agresif dan seringnya ditemukan rekurensi dibanding dewasa. Terapi utama meningioma adalah operasi reseksi tumor, dan pada jenis yang ganas diberikan radioterapi adjuvan. Kemoterapi masih sangat jarang digunakan dengan sedikitnya bukti klinis yang ada. Pada artikel ini, dilaporkan kasus meningioma atipikal pada anak pasca gross tumor resection yang mendapatkan radioterapi untuk mengurangi resiko rekurensi lokal.
Fogão foguete como proposta de prática experimental para o ensino de Física
Authors: Silva Rafael Leal da
Published: July 2020

As práticas experimentais possibilitam aos discentes um ambiente em que a aprendizagem ocorre de maneira interativa, dando assim, oportunidade para criarem hipóteses e testá-las em um ambiente onde o professor é o mediador no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Devido à pouca oferta de laboratórios equipados em algumas localidades, faz-se necessário recorrer a alternativas, em especial, àquelas com propostas de baixo custo e sustentáveis. Este artigo apresenta resultados qualitativos assim como uma proposta para o ensino de tópicos de termodinâmica utilizando como objeto didático o fogão foguete, o qual tem sido estudado em todo o mundo por ser menos poluente e mais eficiente energeticamente do que os fogões que utilizam biomassas disponíveis para regiões do mundo economicamente vulneráveis. Por ser um tema comum para a maioria dos alunos envolvidos, na atividade proposta neste artigo o fogão foguete além de facilitar o ensino de conceitos de Física, possibilitou uma discussão sobre sustentabilidade no contexto da aula experimental. A prática experimental foi feita dentro da proposta do laboratório divergente, pois nesse tipo de ambiente, o aluno tem mais liberdade para ser o principal promotor de seu processo de aprendizagem, além de possibilitar uma participação interativa entre grupos. Uma proposta quantitativa com base nos estudos de Okonkwo et al (2017) também é apresentada neste artigo para uma turma mais avançada de Física. De um modo geral, após a realização e durante o experimento, foi notório a empolgação dos alunos com o modo em que estavam aprendendo a Física, por ir além da metodologia rígida tradicional das aulas teóricas.
IMPLEMENTASI PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS BERBASIS MOBILE-ASSISTED LANGUAGE LEARNING (MALL) UNTUK GENERASI NEO-MILENIAL
Authors: Ramadhanti Suci , Nursehan Salma Putri , Abdullah Rafi
Published: July 2020

Bahan ajar yang familiar merupakan sesuatu yang penting karena dapat meningkatkan kreativitas siswa. Pada era seperti ini, bahan ajar yang familiar dapat ditemukan dari lingkungan sekitar siswa. Seperti sosial media yang sangat familiar bagi siswa. Namun tidak semua sosial media memiliki fitur yang sesuai untuk dijadikan bahan ajar. Melalui aplikasi Line yang menyediakan fitur Relay, siswa akan memiliki kesempatan untuk menemukan ideide baru ketika membuat sebuah penulisan karya tulis. Sehingga hasil yang mereka dapatkan menjadi lebih kreatif dan mereka mudah untuk memahami ide-ide yang mereka telah pikirkan sebelumnya.