bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Solar Energy: Peaceful Hope Among Nations
Authors: Dieck-Assad Flory Annette , Carbajal-Huerta Eduardo
Published: September 2017

The CFE (Federal Electricity Commission), the state-owned company supplier of electricity in Mexico has to face the greatest challenge in its history: increase the electric power required for economic development; this would mean having to add an additional electricity capacity of 57,122.3 MW (Mega Watts) for 2030. The Mexican Secretary of Energy expects that 37.8% will be provided by conventional technologies, and 62.2% through clean technologies. Thus, there are 35,530.07 MW of additional capacity pending on future clean projects. This case shows the financial and ethical dilemmas in order to achieve these goals with a focus on sustainability, seeking to minimize emissions of greenhouse gases. Aging coal plants, cheap natural gas, and a downward trend in the price of renewable energy, are signs of a dramatic structural change in the world electricity sector. These trends are likely to hold in the future where solar technologies have made up a bigger share, and regardless of their small percentage of participation in the energy mix, solar energy could reveal a surprising new story for the world. Facing CFE’s challenge, this case explores the role that solar photovoltaic energy could play where the sky is the limit.
Don’t Let Fear Guide Your Path
Authors: Balfanz Henry B.
Published: September 2017

Founder of BRICKK, a fitness lounge, Kathy Pavlik was determined to create a friendly, healthy, non-intimidating atmosphere where clients would feel welcome. Pavlik believes ‘fear’ causes many people to begin then quit working out. Inspired by her own experiences, Pavlik created a new concept in the health club business in Alma, Michigan. Now that BRICKK is a reality, the next steps need to be determined in the effort to make the fitness lounge a financial success. Pavlik is considering a number of marketing strategies in order to build up attendance in the classes. She’s also considering marketing ideas on how to increase business with her lunches/smoothie bar and possible lunch delivery within the county.
Un modelo de programación lineal para el problema de máquinas paralelas no relacionadas en el área de secado de un aserradero en Chile
Authors: Cifuentes Nayaret , Gatica Gustavo , Linfati Rodrigo
Published: September 2017

La programación de actividades en empresas manufactureras y de servicios debe funcionar de manera eficiente, ya que afecta la productividad y la competitividad. Este estudio analiza un caso real de programación en secadores de madera verde en un aserradero de Chile, con un conjunto de 10 máquinas paralelas con tres tecnologías diferentes, con 161 trabajos, en un horizonte de planificación mensual. La metodología considera dos etapas: en primer lugar, los productos se agrupan por densidad y tipo de fibra, y en segundo lugar, se propone un modelo matemático basado en la programación lineal, que es modelado con el software AMPL. Se realiza un análisis estadístico sobre la calidad de la solución y el tiempo de cómputo, con los programas comerciales CPLEX y GUROBI. Los resultados del experimento computacional permiten reducir el makespan en un 8,5 %, concluyendo que el solver CPLEX resultó ser mejor que el solver GUROBI, respecto al tiempo de CPU y al número de instancias resueltas al óptimo, en el 59,3 % de los casos analizados. Los parámetros más influyentes para el tiempo de cálculo fueron: “cuts” en GUROBI (evaluados en 0), “mipcuts” en CPLEX (evaluados en 2) y repeatpresolve (evaluados en 0). La diferencia en tiempo de este último parámetro es estadísticamente significativa.
Emotion recognition techniques using physiological signals and video games –Systematic review–
Authors: Callejas-Cuervo Mauro , Martínez-Tejada Laura Alejandra , Alarcón-Aldana Andrea Catherine
Published: September 2017

Emotion recognition systems from physiological signals are innovative techniques that allow studying the behavior and reaction of an individual when exposed to information that may evoke emotional reactions through multimedia tools, for example, video games. This type of approach is used to identify the behavior of an individual in different fields, such as medicine, education, psychology, etc., in order to assess the effect that the content has on the individual that is interacting with it. This article shows a systematic review of articles that report studies on emotion recognition with physiological signals and video games, between January 2010 and April 2016. We searched in eight databases, and found 15 articles that met the selection criteria. With this systematic review, we found that the use of video games as emotion stimulation tools has become an innovative field of study, due to their potential to involve stories and multimedia tools that can interact directly with the person in fields like rehabilitation. We detected clear examples where video games and physiological signal measurement became an important approach in rehabilitation processes, for example, in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) treatments.
Development and testing of a novel steel formwork for casting concrete slabs with different sizes
Authors: Carrillo Julián , Riveros Felipe A. , Llano Luis E.
Published: September 2017

This paper describes and discusses the results of designing and implementing a steel formwork for casting and testing concrete slab specimens with different sizes. The formwork saves space, materials and costs due to the different configurations it may adopt, which allow, for instance, casting slabs with different sizes. The formwork avoids purchasing a greater number of formworks of particular dimensions, which increases costs and the space needed for storage. The formwork performance was assessed through the analysis of numerical results (strain and stress) obtained from simulations using finite element software. Performance was also verified during construction and testing of concrete slab specimens, reinforced with welded-wire meshes or steel fibers. The novel steel formwork herein presented and discussed is currently a patent pending in the Colombian Office of Industry and Commerce.
Microstructural evolution during austempering of a ASTM A-532 CLASS III type high chromium white cast iron undergoing abrasive wear
Authors: Higuera-Cobos Oscar Fabián , Bucurú-Vasco Jeison , Loaiza-Patiño Andrés Felipe , Monsalve-Arias Mónica Johanna , Mesa-Grajales Dairo Hernán
Published: September 2017

This paper studies the influence of variables such as holding temperatures and times during austempering of High Chromium White Cast Iron (HCWCI), with the following chemical composition: Cr 25 %, C 3 %, Si 0.47 %, Mn 0.74 % and Mo 1.02 %. The aim of the austempering was to modify the percentage of retained austenite and its correlation to abrasive wear resistance under different conditions.Microhardness tests, SEM-EDS and XRD were performed to determine mechanical properties, chemical composition, and type of carbides and microstructures present, respectively. The tests complied with the ASTM G-65 standard. Results showed that the best performance against abrasion was achieved for austempering at 450 ºC with holding time of 6 hours.
Comparative analysis of granular neighborhoods in a Tabu Search for the vehicle routing problem with heterogeneous fleet and variable costs (HFVRP)
Authors: Escobar John Wilmer , Adarme-Jaimes Wilson , Clavijo-Buriticá Nicolás
Published: September 2017

In the vehicle routing problem with heterogeneous fleet and variable costs (HFVRP), the group of routes to be developed to satisfy the demand of the customer must be determined, considering the minimization of the total costs of the travelled distance. Heuristic algorithms based on local searches use simple movements (neighborhoods) to generate feasible solutions to problems related to route design. In this article, we conduct a comparative analysis of granular neighborhoods in a Tabu Search for the HFVRP, in terms of the quality of the obtained solution. The computational experiments, performed on instances of benchmarking for the HFVRP, showed the efficiency and effectiveness of implementing some neighborhoods in metaheuristic algorithms of path, such as the Tabu Search.
Implementation of a Service-Oriented Architecture for Applications in Physical Rehabilitation
Authors: Camacho John Alexander , Chamorro Cristian David , Sanabria John Alexander , Caicedo Nayiver Gladys , García José Isidro
Published: September 2017

Currently, the interest in service-oriented architectures (SOA) has risen due to their structural flexibility, which allows to obtain features such as scalability, fault tolerance, low coupling, and easy integration, among others. In this context, this article presents the implementation of a SOA for tele-operated physical rehabilitation applications; this SOA ensures an effective orchestration of services, adding special functions, such as synchronous tele-operation of machines for physical rehabilitation, in such a way that it can be adapted and implemented by using information and communication technologies (ICT). The implementation of the architecture was validated by means of a test that allowed to analyze the behavior of the web services defined for the application.
Morphological and physicochemical characterization of biochar produced by gasification of selected forestry species
Authors: Suárez-Hernández Laura , Ardila-A. Alba N. , Barrera-Zapata Rolando
Published: September 2017

In this study, biochar samples acquired as by-product by downdraft gasification at 700 °C from Eucalyptus grandis (BC-EG), Acacia magnium (BC-AM) and Gmelina arborea (BC-GA) were characterized. The morphological characteristics and physicochemical properties of biochar were studied using nitrogen physisorption by the Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) method, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Energy Dispersive Spectrometry (EDX) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The surface area (SA) of the materials was in the 2.0-50.0 m2/g range, with the biochar obtained from BC-EG showing the highest SA (50.0 m2/g), while the biochar derived from BC-GA showed the lowest SA (2.0 m2/g). In addition, all samples can be classified as mesoporous materials because their pore sizes were between 2 and 50 nm. This indicates that these materials can be used in absorption processes; however, the biochar obtained from BC-AM is expected to be the most suitable for absorption applications. FTIR biochar spectra did not exhibit characteristic peaks for cellulose or hemicellulose in any sample due to decomposition of these compounds at the gasification temperature. Moreover, according to SEM/EDX analyzes, all the samples presented well-defined pore structure and contained minerals as Na, K and Ca, suggesting that the biochar could also be useful for soil amendment applications.
Evaluation of QoS in RF/Li-Fi hybrid networks on 5th generation environments
Authors: Rodríguez-Fonseca Andrés Alexander , Paternina-Durán Jesús Manuel , Salcedo-Parra Octavio José
Published: September 2017

This paper evaluates the most relevant scenarios in which establishing QoS parameters on RF/Li-Fi hybrid networks is necessary. The objective is to determine the improvement possibilities provided by this technology and realistically value its development potential, specifically for services in real time. We reviewed the alternatives in Internet of Things (IoT), applications, load balancing, scenarios of 5th generation, wireless sensors, and security, in addition to simulations and architectures of technology interoperability.
Validación y confiabilidad del Cuestionario AQ- 27 de actitudes estigmatizadoras hacia pacientes con esquizofrenia en un Hospital General – 2015.
Authors: Bolivar-Paredes Eneida , Villanueva-Ruska Alejandro
Published: September 2017

Objetivos: Estudio piloto para determinar la validez de contenido y la confiabilidad de un cuestionario que mide actitudes estigmatizadoras de trabajadores de un hospital general hacia pacientes con esquizofrenia, como base para la ejecución de trabajos de investigación más elaborados. Material y métodos: El proceso de validación incluyó consultas con expertos en el tema de estigmatización, acerca del Cuestionario de atribución AQ-27, modificado por los investigadores y aplicado luego a una muestra piloto. Se  usó la escala de calificación para juez experto y se procedió  al análisis respectivo mediante el coeficiente V. de Aiken; la confiabilidad se determinó mediante el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach. La muestra estuvo conformada por 25 trabajadores del Departamento de Emergencia del Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen (HNGAI), mediante un procedimiento aleatorio simple. Resultados: La consulta a 5 jueces expertos arrojó un coeficiente V. de Aiken de 0,94 y el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach en la muestra fue de 0,702. Conclusiones: El Cuestionario AQ-27 para medir actitudes estigmatizadoras en trabajadores de salud, fue validado tanto en su contenido como en su consistencia interna.
Frecuencia de tendencias suicidas (suicidalidad) y factores asociados en mujeres durante el primer año posparto.
Authors: Sánchez-Tapia Fernando R. , Ostolaza-Vite Angie R. , Peña-López Estefanía A. , Ruiz-Grosso Paulo J. , Vega-Dienstmaier Johann M.
Published: September 2017

Objetivos: Estimar la frecuencia de tendencias suicidas (suicidalidad) y explorar su relación con diversas variables en mujeres atendidas en un hospital público peruano durante el primer año del periodo posparto. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un análisis secundario de datos de un trabajo de investigación realizado en el Hospital Cayetano Heredia (Lima, Perú) que incluía 321 mujeres durante el primer año posparto, con registros de variables sociodemográficas, ginecológicas, clínico-psiquiátricas y de suicidalidad definida como la presencia del síntoma 9 del criterio A de Episodio Depresivo Mayor evaluado mediante la Entrevista Clínica Estructurada para el DSM-IV (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Disorders, SCID). Resultados: Se encontró una frecuencia de 15,58 % (IC 95%: 11,79-20,01%) de suicidalidad en mujeres durante el primer año posparto. El análisis bivariado mostró relación significativa entre la presencia de suicidalidad y depresión mayor (OR = 14,52; p <0,001), trastorno obsesivo- compulsivo (OR = 3,96; p= 0,001), trastorno disfórico premenstrual (OR=3,25; p=0,002) y episodio maniaco o hipomaniaco previo (OR=2,12; p=0,025). Asimismo, el análisis multivariado encontró relación significativa con status de separada/divorciada (OR = 6,96; p = 0,027), abortos previos (OR = 2,92; p = 0,006), sueño menor de 6 horas (OR=5,34; p=0,003) y lactancia materna (OR=0,15; p=0,004). Conclusiones:  Las tendencias suicidas en mujeres con menos de un año posparto fueron detectadas en 15,58% de la muestra y se relacionaron con  una serie de variables de diversa índole, las cuales deben ser tenidas en cuenta para eventuales intervenciones preventivas y/o de atención clínica focalizada.
Mentalización y teoría de la mente.
Authors: Zegarra-Valdivia Jonathan , Chino Vilca Brenda
Published: September 2017

El objetivo de esta revisión bibliográfica es delimitar y conceptualizar la Teoría de la Mente (ToM), como un proceso de carácter metacognitivo y socioemocional que permite reconocer las intenciones, creencias y emociones de los otros, así como las propias, favoreciendo una efectiva interacción humana. Se analizan las distintas teorías explicativas de este concepto, especialmente la postura modular y sus niveles de complejidad, métodos de evaluación y la relevancia en los estudios actuales en Latinoamérica sobre fenómenos conscientes y  psicopatología.
Encefalitis por anticuerpos contra receptores de N-metil-D-aspartato y síndrome de DRESS secundario a fenitoína: Reporte de un caso.
Authors: Palomino-Lescano1 Henry Y. , De la Cruz Walter , Segura-Chávez Darwin , Delgado-Ríos José C.
Published: September 2017

La encefalitis debida a anticuerpos contra receptores N-metil-D-aspartato (NMDA)es una entidad potencialmente tratable, caracterizada por síntomas neuropsiquiátricos que incluyen crisis epilépticas, alteración de conciencia, catatonía y trastornos autonómicos, y desencadenada por una respuesta inmunológica mediada por antígenos. A su vez, el síndrome  DRESS (sigla en inglés de Reacción a drogas con eosinofília y síntomas sistémicos) es un cuadro de hipersensibilidad retardada mediada por células, frecuentemente asociada a fármacos antiepilépticos aromáticos. Se presenta el caso de una paciente joven que debutó con crisis epilépticas inicialmente fármaco- sensibles, desarrolló luego el síndrome de DRESS secundario a fenitoína. Cursó posteriormente con trastornos de memoria y lenguaje, alteraciones conductuales y estado catatónico y presentó anticuerpos contra receptores NMDA en el líquido cefalorraquídeo. Ambas entidades respondieron a inmunoterapia con corticoides, lo cual contribuiría a explicar una asociación fisiopatogénica entre estas dos entidades inmunomediadas.
Respuesta de la carta al editor: A propósito de corrupción y neuroimágenes. Los paradigmas y las imágenes cerebrales en los estudios de cognición social: los actos deshonestos sí pueden ser medidos.
Authors: Custodio Nilton
Published: September 2017

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Electrode Cooling Effect on Out-of-Phase Electrothermal Streaming in Rotating Electric Fields
Authors: Liu Weiyu , Ren Yukun , Tao Ye , Chen Xiaoming , Wu Qisheng
Published: September 2017

In this work, we focus on investigating electrothermal flow in a rotating electric field (ROT-ETF), with primary attention paid to the horizontal traveling-wave electrothermal (TWET) vortex induced at the center of the electric field. The frequency-dependent flow profiles in the microdevice are analyzed using different heat transfer models. Accordingly, we address in particular the importance of electrode cooling in ROT-ETF as metal electrodes of high thermal conductivity while substrate material of low heat dissipation capability are employed to develop such microfluidic chips. Under this circumstance, cooling of electrode array due to external natural convection on millimeter-scale electrode pads for external wire connection occurs and makes the internal temperature maxima shift from the electrode plane to a bit of distance right above the cross-shaped interelectrode gaps, giving rise to reversal of flow rotation from a typical repulsion-type to attraction-type induction vortex, which is in good accordance with our experimental observations of co-field TWET streaming at frequencies on the order of reciprocal charge relaxation time of the bulk fluid. These results point out a way to make a correct interpretation of out-of-phase electrothermal streaming behavior, which holds great potential for handing high-conductivity analytes in modern microfluidic systems.
Demonstration of the Quantum No-Hiding Theorem in a Category Theoretic Framework: An IBM Quantum Experience
Authors: Kalra Amolak Ratan , Prakash Shiroman , Behera Bikash K. , Panigrahi Prasanta K.
Published: September 2017

In this note, we demonstrate the quantum no-hiding theorem of Braunstein and Pati [Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 080502 (2007)] using the IBM 5Q quantum processor. We also analyze the circuit using the ZX calculus of Coecke and Duncan [New J Phys. 13(4), 043016 (2011)], which provides a pictorial/category-theoretic demonstration of the no-hiding theorem.
Comparison and Downscale of AMSR2 Soil Moisture Products with In-Situ Measurements from the SCAN-NRCS Network over Puerto Rico
Authors: Nuñez Olivieri Jonathan , Muñoz-Barreto Jonathan , Tirado-Corbala Rebecca , Lakhankar Tarendra , Fisher Andmorgan
Published: September 2017

A continuous spatio-temporal database of accurate soil moisture (SM) measurements is an important asset for agricultural activities, hydrologic studies, and environmental monitoring. The Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2), launched in May 2012, has been providing SM data globally with a revisit period of two days. It is imperative to assess the quality of this data before performing any application. Since resources of accurate SM measurements are very limited in Puerto Rico, this research will assess the quality of the AMSR2 data by comparing with ground-based measurements and perform a downscaling technique to provide a better description of how the sensor perceives the surface soil moisture as it passes over the island. The comparison consisted of the evaluation of the mean error, root mean squared error, and the correlation coefficient. Two downscaling techniques were used and their performances were studied. The results revealed that AMSR2 products tend to underestimate. This is due to the extreme heterogeneous distributions of elevations, vegetation densities, soil types, and weather events on the island. This research provides a comprehensive study on the accuracy and potential of the AMSR2 products over Puerto Rico. Further studies are recommended to improve the AMSR2 products.
Synthesis of Siloxyalumoxanes and Alumosiloxanes Based on Organosilicon Diols
Authors: Shcherbakova Galina I. , Storozhenko Pavel A. , Kisin Alexander V.
Published: September 2017

We have drawn a few interesting conclusions while studying reaction products of Ph2Si(OH)2 with Al(iBu)3 and tetraisobutyl alumoxane. In the first place, this is the production (at Ph2Si(OH)2 and Al(iBu)3 equimolar ratio) of oligomer alumoxanesiloxane structure with alternating four- and six-member rings, as well as isobutyl and phenyl groups migration between aluminum and silicon due to formation of intramolecular four-member cyclic alumosiloxane complex [Ph2(OH)SiO]Al(iBu)2 → [(iBu)Ph(OH)SiO]Al(iBu)Ph. Ph2Si(OH)2 interaction with Al(iBu)3 not only starts from intramolecular alumosiloxane complex production, but the chain is terminated for the same reason, which in the case of Ph2Si(OH)2 reaction with tetraisobutylalumoxane results in failure of obtaining high-polymer alumosiloxane compounds. When Al(iBu)3 interacts with α- and γ-diols, no oligomer compounds are produced. Al(iBu)3 reaction with α, γ-diols results in monomer compounds that are likely to have cyclic structure. Notably at Al(iBu)3 interaction with α-diol only double excess of Al(iBu)3 allows full replacement of hydrogen in α-diol hydroxyl groups by aluminum alkyl residue with 1,3-bis(diisobutylalumoxymethyl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane production. At equimolar ratio of initial reagents the second isobutyl radical at Al does not interact with the second hydroxyl group of α-diol, apparently due to steric hindrance and 1-(diisobutylalumoxymethyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-disiloxane is produced. Al(iBu)3 reactions with γ-diol also result in monomer compounds but the presence of a chain consisting of three СН2-groups between Si and hydroxyl group facilitates interaction between the second hydroxyl group of γ-diol and the second isobutyl radical Al(iBu)3. Tetraisobutylalumoxane reactions with α- and γ-diols results in oligomer compounds.
Propuesta de valores de referencia para la resistencia de diseño a compresión diagonal y compresión de la mampostería en el estado de Guerrero, México
Authors: Sánchez Tizapa Sulpicio , Villaseñor Franco Alma , Guinto Herrera Esteban , Barragán Trinidad Raziel , Mebarki Ahmed
Published: September 2017

El objetivo del presente artículo es proponer valores de resistencia de diseño a compresión diagonal y compresión de la mampostería en Guerrero. Para esto se normalizó la información histórica experimental de 16 años. Considerando las características de los datos se evaluaron los resultados mediante comparación de valores y análisis de coeficientes de variación. Del primer parámetro se propuso 0.45 MPa y 0.20 MPa en mampostería de tabique recocido y bloques huecos pegada con morteros tipos I y II; en mampostería de tabicón y mortero tipo I se propuso 0.45 MPa. Respecto al segundo parámetro, el valor sugerido es 1.9 MPa para todas la piezas y morteros. Los resultados servirán como una guía de diseño y revisión en construcciones de mampostería.
Tratamiento superficial con nanopartículas base silicio inducido durante el curado: Efecto en la durabilidad de materiales base cemento portland
Authors: Cruz Moreno Dulce María , FAJARDO SAN MIGUEL GERARDO DEL JESÚS , Flores Vivián Ismael , Cruz López Arquímedes , Valdez Tamez Pedro Leobardo
Published: September 2017

El efecto de la introducción de nanopartículas base silicio (NBS) preparadas por sol-gel en la permeabilidad de materiales base cemento portland fue estudiado. La introducción de NBS en morteros fabricados con una relación a/c de 0.65 fue inducida durante el curado por 72h, utilizando suspensión de [NBS]=0.1% vs. el volumen del agua. Posteriormente, las muestras siguieron un periodo de inmersión en agua potable con el fin de promover la reacción de la NBS con la matriz cementante y la resistividad fue medida frecuentemente. Después, fueron expuestos en ambientes con Cl- o CO2. Los resultados indicaron una disminución en la penetración de estos agresivos y un incremento de la resistividad en los especímenes tratados; por ende un incremento de la vida útil.
Metodologías para la localización de daño en vigas de hormigón pretensado
Authors: Ercolani Germán Darío , Ortega Néstor Francisco , Felix Daniel Horacio
Published: September 2017

En este trabajo se evalúan metodologías para la detección de daño en estructuras de hormigón pretensado. Los métodos estudiados son el de variación de los desplazamientos y el de curvatura de la elástica, complementados con el uso de imágenes termográficas. A tal fin, dichos métodos se aplicaron sobre dos vigas de hormigón pretensado, construidas en laboratorio. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron detectar la presencia de daño y localizarlo con buena precisión. Si bien estos métodos ya se han aplicado sobre estructuras de hormigón armado, no se han encontrado aplicaciones sobre estructuras de hormigón pretensado. Se demostró la efectividad de las metodologías propuestas y se destaca la posibilidad y conveniencia de un uso combinado de las mismas.
Análise paramétrica da carbonatação em estruturas de concreto armado via Redes Neurais Artificiais
Authors: Felix Emerson Felipe , Carrazedo Rogério , Possan Edna
Published: September 2017

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar parametricamente a influência dos principais fatores que afetam o avanço da carbonatação em estruturas de concreto. Para tal, desenvolveu-se um modelo numérico empregando Redes Neurais Artificiais (RNAs) do tipo Multi-Layer Perceptron, sendo concebido em linguagem orientada a objetos C++, o qual foi testado com dados reais de degradação disponíveis na literatura. Os resultados obtidos na análise paramétrica reforçam conceitos já conhecidos na literatura, demonstrando a eficiência de RNAs no estudo da carbonatação do concreto, além de agregar conhecimento à área de patologia das construções.
Changes in biotin levels during production of natto, Japanese fermented soybean
Authors: Muratsugu Makoto , Washino Kaori , Onchi Yoshiko , Yamaguchi Akane , Kumaki Ayano , Shimooka Iori , Nakanishi Megumi
Published: September 2017

The change of biotin level during production of natto (Japanese fermented soybean) was investigated in this study.  The total biotin level was measured by an agar plate bioassay using Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 8014.  The total biotin level decreased during water soaking, but increased after the fermentation of soybeans using Bacillus subtilis var. natto (B. natto) and reached a maximum level.  The increase of total biotin was not affected by Asp, Arg, and Ile which promoted the growth of L. plantarum in high concentrations.  The peak level of biotin in the fermented soybeans was significantly higher than that of dry soybeans.  The fermented soybeans at the biotin peak level were adequate for food.  In addition, we detected 9 and 4 biotinylated polypeptides in the soybeans and B. natto used in this study, respectively.  We speculated that the increase of biotin level may depend on the increase of the 4 biotinylated polypeptides and free biotin in B. natto.
ADSORPTION OF FOOD COLORING ALLURA RED DYE (E129) FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS USING ACTIVATED CARBON
Authors: Alkahtani Saad A , Abu-Alrub Samer S , Mahmoud Ashraf M
Published: September 2017

The adsorption behavior of Allura red (E129) from aqueous solutions onto activated carbon was successfully investigated. All factors affecting the adsorption process were carefully studied and the conditions were optimized. Adsorption of E129 onto activated carbon was found to increase by decreasing the mass of activated carbon, pH and ionic strength of the solution and by increasing temperature. The adsorption capacity of the activated carbon for Allura red was relatively high. Under the optimum conditions, the maximum adsorption capacity for E129 dye was 72.85 mg/g. Three adsorption models; Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin model were investigated regarding the adsorption of E129. The models’ parameters KL, qm, R2, (n) were determined and found to be 0.0222, 72.85 mg/g, 0.9057-0.9984, and 0.992, respectively. Also, pseudo first and second-order kinetic models were tested to determine the best-fit model to the adsorption of E129 dye onto activated carbon. The results showed that the adsorption of E129 onto activated carbon obeyed both the Freundlich isotherm and pseudo second-order kinetic models. Moreover, thermodynamic studies indicated that the adsorption of E129 dye onto the activated carbon was spontaneous. 
The influence of the climatology of the semi-arid from Alagoas-Brazil on the raw milk microbiota
Authors: Gomes do Nascimento Ticiano , Farias Falcão Euridice , Delgado da Silva Maria Cristina , Nascimento Oliveira Silvino Josicleide , Barnabé Escodro Pierre , Félix Correia Filho Washington Luis , Porfírio da Silva Zenaldo , Ali Khan Sajjad , Abbas Muhammad
Published: September 2017

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the climatology of the semi-arid from Alagoas-Brazil on the raw milk microbiota in semi-arid area of the 07 micro-regions of the State of Alagoas of Alagoas, Brazil. The climatic data were extracted from National Institute of Meteorology from the Brazilian government. The raw milk was collected after the dairy cow milking process in 12 small rural associations of the semi-arid from the State of Alagoas, during the 4 seasons and the raw milk was carried out procedures of sampling, transportation and microbiological analysis. A total of 58 samples were counted coliforms at 45°C, Escherichia coli and coagulase-positive Staphylococcus. Only 02 rural associations presented low levels of microbiological contamination, which were located in areas of climatic conditions and parameters of thermal comfort index and vegetation index favorable, but 10 rural associations presented high counting of coliforms at 45°C, Escherichia coli. The climatologic parameters (maximum temperature, atmospheric pressure), bovine comfort thermal index and vegetation index have showed to influence the growth of the coliforms at 45°C and Escherichia coli with high incidence during the summer weather. The precipitation parameter, bovine thermal comfort and vegetation index have displayed to influence coagulase-positive Staphylococcus counting especially during the period between the summer end and the autumn beginning seasons. New Actions, and Rural Education and Health Programs should be implemented as politics of Food Safety. New strategies and programs for dissemination more effective on the risks of transmission of pathogens and Foodborne Diseases are necessary as the part of emergence politics of the health and education areas. Regulatory Actions should be encouraged within the processes that improve the quality control of raw milk as well its bioproducts, with professional assistance relevant in agriculture area.
Uncertainty assessment of flood inundation modelling with a 1D/2D random field
Authors: Huang Y. , Qin X. S.
Published: September 2017

An uncertainty assessment framework based on Karhunen–Loevè expansion (KLE) and probabilistic collocation method (PCM) was introduced to deal with flood inundation modelling under uncertainty. The Manning's roughness for channel and floodplain were treated as 1D and 2D, respectively, and decomposed by KLE. The maximum flow depths were decomposed by the 2nd-order PCM. Through a flood modelling case with steady inflow hydrographs based on five designed testing scenarios, the applicability of KLE-PCM was demonstrated. The study results showed that the Manning's roughness assumed as a 1D/2D random field could efficiently alleviate the burden of random dimensionality within the analysis framework, and the introduced method could significantly reduce repetitive runs of the physical model as required in the traditional Monte Carlo simulation (MCS). The study sheds some light on reducing the computational burden associated with flood modelling under uncertainty which is useful for the related damage quantification and risk management.
Critical review of salinity intrusion in rivers and estuaries
Authors: Mohammed Ruqayah , Scholz Miklas
Published: September 2017

There is scientific evidence of accelerated sea level rise and saline intrusion. Some impacts, such as stratification and estuarine circulation, are subtle; others are dramatic including shifts in salt-sensitive habitats and limited water availability of suitable quality for industrial and municipal uses. These results have become a remarkable reality resulting in a set of integrated surface water organisation issues. Tremendous population increases overwhelming many coastal areas have expanded the problem. These challenges have been studied from many perspectives using various objectives and methodologies, and then arriving at different findings. However, all research assured that significant rises in sea level have influenced estuaries and tidally affected rivers, and these observations are expected to become rapidly worse in the future. This study introduces, categorises, critically investigates, and synthesises the most related studies regarding accelerated sea level rise and challenges of the development associated with the resources of surface water in estuaries and tidally-affected rivers. This critical review reveals that there is a need for research that focuses on the development of sustainable surface water resources.
Bottom-to-top continuous irrigation of treated municipal wastewater for effective nitrogen removal and high quality rice for animal feeding
Authors: Pham Dong Duy , Kurashima Sumiko , Kaku Nobuo , Sasaki Atsushi , Pu Jian , Watanabe Toru
Published: September 2017

A bench-scale experiment to cultivate rice for animal feeding with continuous irrigation of treated municipal wastewater (TWW) in six different conditions was carried out to examine nitrogen removal from TWW, yield and quality of harvested rice, and accumulation of heavy metals in soil and rice grains. A microbial fuel cell (MFC) system comprising graphite felt electrodes was also installed to generate electricity in the paddy field. The highest rice yield (9.0 ton/ha), dry mass (12.4 ton/ha), and protein content (13.1%), an important nutrient in animal feed, were obtained when a bottom-to-top irrigation (TWW was supplied to the underdrain pipe) was applied at the highest flow rate. The bottom-to-top irrigation achieved 79 to 91% removal of nitrogen in TWW, which was much higher than the top-to-top irrigation (58%). No accumulation of heavy metals was found in the experimental soils, and heavy metal concentrations in brown rice were lower than the allowable levels of current standards. The electric output from the MFC system was much lower than that reported in normal paddy fields, probably due to the poor connection between cables and electrodes. Further study is necessary to improve the electricity generation and to continuously monitor heavy metals in brown rice and the soil.
Application of the analytic hierarchy process to sustainability of water supply and sanitation services: the case of Algeria
Authors: Boukhari Sofiane , Djebbar Yassine , Amarchi Hocine , Sohani Ali
Published: September 2017

The aim of this paper is to develop a methodological tool for comprehensive evaluation of sustainability of water supply and sanitation services (WSSs) considering all quantitative and qualitative effective factors using the analytic hierarchy process. The proposed method has a significant advantage that determines which aspects have more priority and which ones are less important; hence, it gives a very good guideline for planning and implementation of a country's projects for sustainable development in WSSs. Additionally, the application of the proposed method is shown for Algeria as a case study. six dimensions, 12 criteria and 50 indicators were defined as three different levels of hierarchy for this purpose. Moreover, the matrices of pairwise comparisons were obtained by judgments of 12 experts in different involved fields including policy makers, managers and scientists. According to the results, the most important dimensions were economic (38.3%) and technical (26.1%) aspects. Furthermore, the financial autonomy (18.7%) and technical performance (18.4%) had the highest and transparency (2%) and organization (2.8%) had the lowest weights among all criteria. In addition, indicators with a high overall weight are: operation and maintenance cost, grand balanced budget, reliability, small budget balance, opportunity cost and state subsidy rates for investments.
Tools for Metagenomic Analysis at Wastewater Treatment Plants: Application to a Foaming Episode
Authors: Rosso Gretchen E. , Muday Jeffrey A. , Curran James F.
Published: September 2017

Metagenomic analysis is a powerful approach for wholesale characterizations of microbial populations like those that operate within municipal wastewater treatment plants. It is well known that many problems are associated with the overgrowth or undergrowth of specific bacterial genera. We describe a database of the combined metagenomes of activated sludge aeration basins from around the globe and use it as a reference to study the population of a foamy activated sludge aeration basin. We show that foam production is associated with blooms of mycolic acid producing genera, especially Mycobacterium. We confirm this bloom using the acid‐fast stain, and we show that genes involved with mycolic acid production are enriched in the foam‐producing sample. In addition, we show that this sample has unusual nitrifying populations. We suggest that low‐cost DNA sequencing and publicly available tools for shotgun metagenomic analyses, including those described here, might broadly facilitate wastewater treatment plant operation.
Anaerobic Digestion Model No. 1 Simulation of High Solids Anaerobic Digestion with Feasibility Study for El Gabal El Asfar Water Resource Recovery Facility
Authors: Aboulfotoh Ahmed M.
Published: September 2017

Performance of continuous mesophilic high solids anaerobic digestion (HSAD) was simulated using Anaerobic Digestion Model No. 1 (ADM1), under different conditions (solids concentrations, sludge retention time (SRT), organic loading rate (OLR), and type of sludge). Implementation of ADM1, using the proposed biochemical parameters, proved to be a useful tool for the prediction and control of HSAD as the model predicted the behavior of the tested sets of data with considerable accuracy, especially for SRT more than 13 days. The model was then used to investigate the possibility of changing the existing conventional anaerobic digestion (CAD) units in Gabal El Asfar water resource recovery facility into HSAD, instead of establishing new CAD units, and results show that the system will be feasible. HSAD will produce the same bioenergy combined with a decrease in capital, operational, and maintenance costs.
CONTIGÜIDADES DE RIESGO SINTÁCTICO, PROBLEMAS DE LECTURA Y SIGNOS DE PUNTUACIÓN
Authors: De la Fuente González Miguel Ángel
Published: September 2017

Durante la lectura de un texto, la cercanía de segmentos y palabras puede producir efectos no deseables, contigüidades que podrían provocar desde la conocida ambigüedad a interpretaciones confusas, engañosas o sorprendentes. Los efectos de tales contigüidades (no siempre tan simples como en “Se venden calcetines para caballeros de lana”) pueden subsanarse normalmente de cuatro formas: puntuando la oración según la normativa, reforzando la puntuación, creando incisos y reubicando segmentos dentro de la oración. Nuestro trabajo se detiene especialmente en estos cuatro apartados y los ilustra con ejemplos de la prensa actual (no anteriores a 2016).
Metode Contrast Stretching untuk Perbaikan Kualitas Citra pada Proses Segmentasi Video
Authors: Dwi Putra Asana I Made , Oka Widyantara I Made , Wirastuti N.M.A.E.D , Adnyana Ida Bagus Putu
Published: September 2017

Paper ini mengusulkan contrast stretching sebagai perbaikan kualitas citra untuk meningkatkan hasil segmentasi pada proses segmentasi video. Data video yang digunakan merupakan video pemantauan aktifitas pergerakan garis pantai. Frame dari video yang digunakan memiliki komposisi cahaya matahari berbeda-beda sesuai dengan waktu akuisisi data. Dibutuhkan suatu teknik untuk mengatasi pengaruh cahaya matahari pada frame video. Contrast stretching diimplementasikan untuk memperbaiki nilai kontras pada frame sehingga obyek pada frame terlihat jelas. Dengan obyek yang terlihat jelas pada frame dapat meningkatkan hasil dari proses segmentasi. Pengujian implementasi contrast stretching sebagai preprocessing pada proses segmentasi dilakukan dengan metode silhouette coefficient. Implementasi contrast stretching sebagai preprocessing dalam segmentasi citra dapat menghasilkan segmentasi lebih baik dibandingkan tanpa preprocessing. Hal tersebut dinyatakan berdasarkan nilai silhouette width dari masing-masing hasil segmentasi citra.
STUDI ANALISA KOORDINASI RELAI GFR INCOMING BUSBAR 20 KV DAN GFR SALURAN UNTUK MENGAMANKAN GANGGUAN SATU PHASA KETANAH DI TRANSFORMATOR 3 GARDU INDUK KAPAL
Authors: Krisnayoga Kusuma I Gede , Dyana Arjana I Gede , Arta Wijaya I Wayan
Published: September 2017

Disruption of the distribution system is generally caused by a short circuit that causes overcurrent, one single phase short circuit to ground. Single phase to ground disturbances that occurred at the feeder should be secured by a ground fault relays in feeders. However, due to an error of coordination, interference with the feeder perceived also to the incoming side of the transformer so that ground fault relays on the incoming 20 kV ordered PMT 20 kV at the transformer side open. Working time ground fault relays in feeders Peguyangan is for 0.25 seconds. While working time ground fault relays in the incoming 20 kV is for 0.5 seconds. This indicates that differences in work time relay by 0.25 seconds is considered selective. The event of disruption of the ground phase, GFR relay coordination in securing the area of ??interference must be gradual. Where the value of working time ground fault relays in the base should be longer than the time ground fault relays working on a feeder. It aims to work ground fault relays working order, so that errors can be avoided in the security and do not lead to the spread of disturbed areas.
Studi Pengelolaan Energi Listrik di Perusahaan Pengolahan Daging PT. Soejasch Bali
Authors: Pratama Hendri Noviyanto , Hartati Rukmi Sari , Kumara I Nyoman Satya
Published: September 2017

PT. Soejasch Bali adalah perusahaan pengolahan daging yang berdiri sejak 1983. Dalam paper ini dilakukan audit energi listrik dan deph interview berdasarkan kuesioner USAID – ICED untuk mengetahui Intensitas Konsumsi Energi di bangunan non produksi sebesar IKE 87,412 kWh/m2 dan mengetahui Konsumsi Energi Spesifik untuk perhitungan secara keseluruhan karena berupa perusahaan produksi sebesar 887,62 kWh/Ton. Peluang Hemat Energi yang bisa diterapkan di PT. Soejasch Bali yaitu dengan pengaturan jam operasional yang menghasilkan 5% penghematan energi yang dikonsumsi (turnitin chek 14%, 11okt2016)
RANCANG BANGUN PEMODELAN PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA MIKRO HIDRO (PLTMH) MENGGUNAKAN KINCIR OVERSHOT WHEEL
Authors: Saputra I Wayan Budiarsana , Weking Antonius Ibi , Jasa Lie
Published: September 2017

Ketergantungan pembangkit listrik terhadap sumber energi seperti minyak solar, gas alam dan batubara yang hampir mencapai 75%, mendorong dikembangkannya energi terbarukan sebagai upaya untuk memenuhi pasokan listrik.

Pada penelitian ini telah dirancang pemodelan PLTMH menggunakan kincir overshot wheel dengan bentuk sudu setengah lingkaran, diameter kincir 50cm, dan 16 jumlah sudu. Pada pemodelan ini debit air 0,1 lt/s dan head 0,6 meter. Pengukuran yang dilakukan berdasarkan posisi jatuhnya air terhadap kincir, dari posisi sudut nozzle 00, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350 dan 400.

Diperoleh hasil pengukuran tertinggi pada sudut nozzle 300, dimana daya output 0,153 W, torsi kincir 0,012 Nm, dan efisiensi 0,255. Debit air yang kecil membuat kinerja pemodelan PLTMH ini masih kurang maksimal, dimana torsi yang dihasilkan generator 0,032 Nm sedangkan torsi tertinggi pada kincir 0,012 Nm. Persentase error torsi pada pemodelan PLTMH ini adalah 40%, untuk persentase efisiensi dari pemodelan PLTMH ini adalah 25,5%. Perbandingan torsi berpengaruh terhadap kecepatan putaran kincir yang kurang mampu untuk memutar generator secara maksimal.
Perbandingan Metode SOM/Kohonen dengan ART 2 pada Data Mining Perusahaan Retail
Authors: Ariana Anak Agung Gede Bagus , Darma Putra I Ketut Gede , Linawati Linawati
Published: September 2017

Abstract— This study investigates the performance of artificial neural network method on clustering method. Using UD. Fenny’s customer profile in year 2009 data set with the Recency, Frequency and Monetary model data. Clustering methods were compared in this study is between the Self Organizing Map and Adaptive Resonance Theory 2. The performance evaluation method validation is measured by the index cluster validation. Validation index clusters are used, among others, Davies-Bouldin index, index and index Dunn Silhouette. The test results show the method Self Organizing Map is better to process the data clustering. Index term— Data Mining, Artificial Neural Network, Self Organizing Map, Adaptive Resonance Theory 2. Intisari—Penelitian ini ingin mengetahui unjuk kerja metode clustering data berbasis jaringan saraf tiruan. Menggunakan data set profil pelanggan UD. Fenny tahun 2009 dengan atribut Recency, Frequency dan Monetary. Metode clustering yang dibandingkan pada penelitian ini adalah Self Organizing Map dan Adaptive Resonance Theory 2. Evaluasi kinerja metode dilakukan dengan mengukur validasi index dari cluster yang terbentuk. Validasi cluster yang digunakan antara lain Indeks Davies-Bouldin, Indeks Dunn dan Indeks Silhouette. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan metode Self Organizing Map lebih baik dalam melakukan proses clustering data. Kata Kunci— Data Mining, Jaringan Saraf Tiruan Self Organizing Map, Adaptive Resonance Theory 2.
Analisis Unjuk Kerja Convolutional Code pada Sistem MIMO MC-DSSS Melalui Kanal Rayleigh Fading
Authors: Prayoga Kadek Agus Mahabojana Dwi , Wirastuti Ni Made Ary Esta Dewi , Hartawan I Gst A. Komang Diafari Djuni
Published: September 2017

Kombinasi antara sistem MIMO (multiple input multiple output), OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing), dan spread spectrum serta adanya teknik pengkodean kanal mampu mengurangi efek fading dan error yang terjadi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan performansi dari sistem MIMO MC-DSSS (multi carrier-direct sequence spread spectrum) Uncoded atau tanpa pengkodean kanal dan MIMO MC-DSSS Convolutional Code atau dengan pengkodean kanal Convolutional yang melalui kanal Rayleigh Fading, ditinjau dari nilai dan grafik BER (bit error rate) berbanding Eb/No (energy per bit to noise power spectral density ratio). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode simulasi dengan menggunakan program Matlab R2015a. Hasil dari simulasi didapat unjuk kerja sistem MIMO MC-DSSS dengan Convolutional Code memiliki hasil yang lebih baik dari MIMO MC-DSSS. Pada kanal transmisi Rayleigh Fading untuk mencapi nilai BER sebesar 10-3 pada sistem MIMO MC-DSSS dengan Convolutional Code dibutuhkan Eb/No sebesar -7 dB. Sedangkan pada sistem MIMO MC-DSSS dibutuhkan Eb/No sebesar -3 dB.[turnitin 20%, 7-11-2016]