bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EB induced tensile strengthening of CFRP
Authors: Inoue Keisuke , Iwata Keisuke , Morishita Tadao , Tonegawa Akira , Salvia Michelle , Nishi Yoshitake
Published: December 2018

To strengthen the carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) to be applied for Europe supersonic airplane, electron beam (EB) irradiation was homogeneously performed. The EB irradiation of 0.3 MGy enhanced the tensile fracture stress from 153 ± 12 to 167 ± 1 MPa and also improved the fracture strain from 3.6 ± 0.4 to 5.6 ± 0.3%. Thus, the EB-enhancement of fracture strain should be a dominant factor to enhance the fracture stress of CFRP, resulting in increasing fracture toughness by EB irradiation. Although EB-strengthening of CFRP was partly affected by EB-strengthening of carbon fiber and fiber pullout related to interfacial friction and compressive stress, the EB induced ductility enhancement of polymer probably dominated the EB-strengthening of CFRP.
An X-ray security screening technique with limited field-of-view
Authors: Arunachalam Kavitha , Udpa Satish S. , Udpa Lalita
Published: December 2018

Non-intrusive inspection (NII) systems with high throughput are required for screening baggage, vehicles and cargo at ports of entry. Of the existing NII techniques, systems employing X-rays have undergone rapid evolution. Though well established, the probability of detecting contraband goods in the radiographic image obtained using conventional high energy X-ray systems depends on operator skill and orientation of the contraband material inside the container. Alternative techniques employing back and forward scattered X-rays operating at dual energy can only broadly classify objects containing contraband material and cannot be used to uniquely locate the contraband good. Limitations of X-ray radiography and scattererd imaging systems could be resolved using 2D tomography systems. But, the complexities associated with practical implementation of an X-ray CT system for screening baggage, vehicles and cargo is far from realization. This paper presents an X-ray imaging technique capable of providing 2D tomograms using limited-view projections as an ideal compromise for detecting packaged, vehicle-borne and human-borne explosives, weapons and contraband goods. Numerical simulations of the proposed system employing L-shaped detectors and iterative reconstruction algorithms indicate the feasibility of an alternate security screening system to detect and uniquely locate explosives and contraband goods concealed in cargo, baggage and vehicles.
Parameter optimization of 2-DOF-PID controller using genetic algorithm
Authors: Oh Tae-Seok , Lee Wang-Heon , Kim Il-Hwan
Published: December 2018

This paper presents a gain tuning method to obtain optimal gains in designing a 2-DOF-PID controller. A 2 degree-of-freedom PID controller has been designed to compensate the effects of disturbance without degrading tracking performance. But it is not easy to get optimal gains and keep system stability during the tuning process with real-time tuning methods. Thus we suggest an offline tuning method by genetic algorithm. For the experimental system we consider a commercial sewing machine that requires high speed, robustness and accuracy. Modeling techniques based on neural networks have proven to be quite useful for building good quality models from measured data. So it is modeled by a neural network that is configured as an output-error dynamical system. Then using the model, we search optimal gains for 2-DOF-PID controller with genetic algorithm in offline simulation. Experimental results confirm that the model is a good approximation of sewing machine dynamics and that the proposed control methodology is effective.
Development of high-speed and compact moving-magnet-type linear motor for EMV – Positioning and following performances
Authors: Uchida Masaki , Yabumi Takao , Morita Yoshifumi , Fuwa Katsuhiko , Kando Hisashi
Published: December 2018

An EMV (ElectroMagnetic engine Valve) has received a great deal of attention due to the growing importance of issues such as fuel economy and environmental protection in the automotive. This paper describes the development of a moving-magnet-type linear motor for the EMV. The mechanical structure is designed through magnetic field analysis. Then, in order to verify the control performances of the trial system, some experiments are performed by using the PD feedback and feed forward control. As a result, the developed linear motor enables high-speed positioning with an amount of lift of 7.6[mm] and a positioning accuracy of 50[μm] in a time of 0.004[s], which shows that the requirements are satisfied. Moreover, the developed linear motor enables the following control (sinusoidal wave reference: a driving frequency of 100[Hz] and an amount of lift of 7.6[mm]) which corresponds to a number of engine revolutions of 5000[rpm].
Study on In-vivo measurement of solubility for cerebral thrombus dissolution
Authors: Jiang Zhongwei , Morita Minoru , Watanabe Tetsuyou , Kato Shoichi , Suzuki Michiyasu
Published: December 2018

A cerebral thrombus or blood clot might cause cerebral stroke and even decease if the clot could not be dissolved within several hours after it was formed. In order to carry out an efficient clinical treatment, there exist several problems required to resolve. One of them is the measurement of solubility of blood clots in vivo, which is very important for the doctor to know the situation of the clot dissolution in an operation. In this paper, a fundamental study, on how to assist the dissolution of the thrombus with a few amount of thrombolytic agent and to measure the solubility of the thrombus in-vivo during the operation, is presented. A mechanical micro stirrer for dissolution of the thrombus is developed as a slight beam embedded with a piezo-cell. Furthermore, an approach using the stirrer also as a sensor to evaluate the solubility of blood clots in the operation is proposed. This idea comes from that the solution state of the blood influences the mechanical impedance of the stirrer, which can be measured with a high accuracy by checking the electric impedance of the piezo-cell with the so-called piezoelectric impedance based measuring technique. Both the performance of the dissolution and the measurement of the solubility by the same stirrer are investigated in detail and their validations are verified experimentally.
Control of a micro-actuator for hard disk drives using self-sensing actuator
Authors: Yamada Hiroyuki , Sasaki Minoru , Nam Yoonsu
Published: December 2018

This paper describes vibration control and position control of a micro-actuator for hard disk drives using self-sensing actuator. A stabilizing feedback control low is designed by using Lyapunov's direct method. The feedback control law depends only on the time derivative of tip slope in the micro-actuator. The self-sensing actuation using the electrical RC bridge circuit can measure strain rate in the micro-actuator. This sensing signals correspond to the time rate of tip slope in the micro-actuator. The feedback controller derived from Lyapunov's direct method can realize by using the self-sensing signal. A two-degree-of-freedom control system consists of a feedforward and the feedback controller. The feedforward controller is designed by using inverse dynamic system, while the stabilized feedback controller is designed by Lyapunov's direct method. Numerical simulation and experimental results confirm the feasibility of the proposed control system.
Monte carlo simulations of magnetizations with various lattice defects
Authors: Yamada K. , Yamaguchi K. , Shinagawa A. , Liu B. , Honda Z. , Isobe Y. , Takagi T.
Published: December 2018

Aiming at nondestructive evaluation of magnetic materials, Monte Carlo simulations of the dynamic magnetic processes were investigated on the temporal and the temperature dependences for spin systems with various lattice imperfections as so called Barkhausen noises. From a physical point of view, the presented method might be the more useful tool for the analyses of the dynamic magnetic processes rather than those by Preisach model.
Applications of amorphous microwires in sensing technologies
Authors: Vázquez M. , Badini G. , Pirota K. , Torrejón J. , Zhukov A. , Torcunov A. , Pfützner H. , Rohn M. , Merlo A. , Marquardt B. , Meydan T.
Published: December 2018

Amorphous glass-coated microwires exhibit excellent magnetic properties that make them very suitable to be employed as sensing elements in devices for technological applications. In the present work, we review a few examples. Some applications are based on the magnetostrictive character of Fe based wires that show also bistable magnetic behaviour. It includes magnetic labels or magnetoelastic pens for security applications. In the case of non-magnetostrictive wires, and based on the giant magnetoimpedance effect, they can be employed as tips in spin polarized magnetometry or as stress sensors. Most recently, a new family of microwires has been introduced, multilayered microwires, which offer quite interesting properties and can be employed as sensing elements in multifunctional sensor devices.
Advanced sensoring of human physiological states using heart rate variability
Authors: Varoneckas Giedrius
Published: December 2018

The role of heart rate (HR) variability as advanced sensoring method allowing to assess human functional state is presented. HR being derived from a single bio-signal (measured from RR intervals of one electrocardiogram lead) during different functional tests such as active orthostatic test, physical and mental loads, day-time activity or sleep stages offers a numerous physiologically relevant parameters. HR analysis methods are ascribed in time and frequency domains. Advanced sensoring using HR variability patterns represents a patient-friendly monitoring method which in some cases may substitute multichannel obtrusive recordings of numerous physiological signals.
An improved particle swarm optimization algorithm for global optimizations of electromagnetic devices
Authors: Dong Jianyang , Yang Shiyou , Ni Gangzheng , Ni Peihong
Published: December 2018

Based on comprehensive simulations of bird flocking or fish schooling, an Improved Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm (IPSO) is proposed in this paper. The improvements include mainly the introduction of a new generating mechanism for initial particles to improve the convergence performances, the restarting strategy to avoid a stagnation phenomenon, and the design of novel velocity and position updating formulae to enhance the global search ability of the available PSOs. The numerical results on both a mathematical function and the TEAM Workshop problem obtained by using different optimization algorithms are reported and the performances are compared. Our numerical results suggest that the proposed IPSO algorithm is superior to its precursors in sense of the global search ability.
Unconstrained cardiorespiratory monitor for premature infants
Authors: Wang Feng , Zou Yanhui , Tanaka Mami , Matsuda Tadashi , Chonan Seiji
Published: December 2018

The development of an unconstrained sensing technique using PVDF films as sensory material for monitoring the heart beats and respiration of premature infants is reported. A sensor consists of a 1 × 4 array of PVDF films is developed. The sensor is placed on the bed to pick up the fluctuation of the pressure on the bed caused by the respiratory movement and heart beats of a premature infant. Wavelet multi-resolution decomposition is used for simultaneous detection of heart beats and respiration. Simultaneous real-time detection of both the respiration and heartbeats has been verified through clinical experiments.
Magnetic property evaluation using leakage flux spectrogram
Authors: Nagata Shoichiro , Enokizono Masato , Chady Tomasz , Sikora Ryszard
Published: December 2018

The validity of a new eddy-current-based damage detection technique was investigated. The Multi-Frequency Excitation and Spectrogram method (MFES) using Hall element sensor array was employed. Hall sensors positioned between the excitation yoke legs picked up leakage flux density in proportion to the excitation frequency. This new sensor configuration may be effective in the evaluation of magnetic properties such as permeability or conductivity. In order to unveil the phenomenon, finite element analyses are performed.
B and H sensors for 3-D magnetic property testing
Authors: Lin Zhi Wei , Zhu Jian Guo , Guo You Guang , Zhong Jin Jiang , Lu Hai Wei
Published: December 2018

One and two-dimensional hysteresis properties are normally used to characterize soft magnetic materials. However, the results are not informative enough to disclose three-dimensional (3-D) hysteresis behavior under vector excitations. This paper presents a 3-D sensing house for measuring the 3-D property of soft magnetic materials. The fabrication, construction, and calibration are discussed in detail. Test results of 3-D magnetic flux density B and field strength H loci of soft magnetic composite material are presented.
Multiobjective optimization design of axial flux permanent magnet motor
Authors: Chun Yon-Do , Koo Dae-Hyun , Cho Yun-Hyun
Published: December 2018

The multiobjective design optimization generally includes the conflicting objectives and the use of conventional design optimization for MO problem does not so good approach to obtain an effective optimal solution. In this article, genetic algorithm is used to solve such optimal multiobjective design of axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) motor. In order to effectively obtain a set of Pareto optimal solutions, ranking method is applied. The objective functions are decrease of cogging torque, increase of torque respectively. The airgap length and teeth angle are selected for the design variables. Some experimental results are compared with the simulation ones for the validity.
Inducing a machine spindle to ultrasonically vibrate by fluctuating electromagnetic force
Authors: Wu Yongbo , Tamano Masanori , Kato Masana , Tachibana Toru
Published: December 2018

A new method for inducing a machine spindle to vibrate ultrasonically was proposed. Rather than using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive transducers, common in conventional ultrasonic vibration spindles, the new method utilizes a fluctuating electromagnetic force to induce the spindle to vibrate ultrasonically along its axis. An experimental rig was constructed to confirm the generation of the ultrasonic vibration. Following the measurement of the fluctuating magnetic force, axial ultrasonic vibration generated on the spindle was investigated for various conditions such as the frequency and magnitude of the applied electric power and the gap between the electromagnet and the spindle. As a result, it was found that: (1) the magnetic force increases as the electric power increases but decreases as the gap increases; and (2) the spindle vibration amplitude shows the same tendency as that of the magnetic force. The maximum vibration amplitude obtained was 5.4 μm.
Symbiotic evolutionary algorithm for the Preisach hysteresis model identification
Authors: Fulginei Francesco Riganti , Chen Sarah Swee-Ling , Salvini Alessandro
Published: December 2018

An approach based on an evolutionary algorithm for the Hysteretic Preisach model identification is presented. The proposed Symbiotic Evolutionary Algorithm is based on a synergy between Genetic Algorithm and Bacterial Chemotaxis Algorithm. The synergy allows to perform more accuracy on numerical results and more numerical stability versus the use of a single algorithm. The proposed approach has been validated by experimental hysteresis loops.
Evolutionary learning acquisition of trajectory of a rotary crane using genetic algorithm
Authors: Kojima Hiroyuki , Amaki Takanori , Chigira Hideyuki
Published: December 2018

This paper proposes an evolutionary learning acquisition method of the trajectory of a rotary crane for the residual vibration reduction by use of the dynamic analysis of the rotary crane and the genetic algorithm. The rotary crane is driven by only the rotational motion of a boom. In the design of the evolutionary learning acquisition system, the equation of motion of the rotary crane is obtained, and the trajectory of the rotational angle of the boom is depicted with sixth-order polynomials. Then, considering the boundary and constraint conditions, the trajectory are expressed by two genes. Solving the equation of motion of the load corresponding to the trajectory of the boom, the residual vibrations of the load are computed as a function of the chromosome with the two genes, and a fitness function of the genetic algorithm for the residual vibration reduction of the load is defined. Furthermore, the evolutionary learning acquisition algorithm of the trajectory of the boom for the residual vibration reduction of the load is constructed. Moreover, it is confirmed numerically and experimentally that the residual vibrations of the load can be extremely reduced by the present evolutionary learning acquisition method.
Optimized database for training neural networks used in non-destructive testing
Authors: Gyimóthy Szabolcs , Bihan Yann Le , Pávó József
Published: December 2018

Neural network is applied for the non-destructive evaluation of in-material defects based on the measured or simulated data of an eddy-current testing experiment. The network is trained with the data measured for suitably selected defect prototypes, so that this selection constitute a consistent representation of the forward problem. This network performs in defect reconstruction better, than those networks trained with randomly or regularly selected defect prototypes of about the same number.
Domain observation of amorphous wire with large diameter for micro-sensor and micro-motor application
Authors: Takezawa M. , Wada T. , Morimoto Y. , Yamasaki J.
Published: December 2018

Domain structures of Fe-Si-B-Nb amorphous wires with a large diameter were investigated. A 10% increase of pulse output voltage due to large Barkhausen jumps in the Fe-Si-B-Nb wire at the diameter of 200 μm has been obtained which is less than expected due to decreased saturation and small domain size. Domain observation results indicate that the increase of the domain size in the inner core of the wire is important for high sensor output.
A novel way of measuring DC magnetic shielding efficiency of grain oriented and non oriented electrical steel
Authors: Di Xiaojun , Moses Anthony J. , Anderson Philip
Published: December 2018

Following a feasibility study performed using finite element modelling, a new measurement system has been developed to assess DC shielding efficiency of grain-oriented (GO) and non-oriented (NO) electrical steels. Some typical shielding efficiency results for various grades of electrical steel have been produced. Investigations in the paper show that this new method is a quick, easy and convenient way to evaluate the DC shielding performance of electrical steel panels.
Adjustable device for magnetic material investigation by Kerr microscopy
Authors: Ionita Valentin , Petrescu Lucian , Razicheanu Alexandru
Published: December 2018

The paper is focused on the design, simulation and testing of an original experimental device, that allows the investigation of the magnetization processes in magnetic materials by Kerr microscopy. The adjustable magnetic field source is composed by two "magic" cylinders made with NdFeB permanent magnets. This source is coupled with a polarized reflected light microscope. The magnetic field is computed both by analytical formula and by 2-D and 3-D numerical simulation based on Finite Element Method.
Magnetic properties of soft magnetic composites under three-dimensional excitations
Authors: Lin Zhi Wei , Zhu Jian Guo , Guo You Guang , Zhong Jin Jiang , Wang Shuhong
Published: December 2018

Soft magnetic composite (SMC) materials are broadly used in low cost high performance electrical machines due to their magnetic isotropy, low eddy current loss, and capability to mould complex shapes. To optimise the performance of electrical machines, the three-dimensional (3-D) magnetic properties must be well understood and accurately modeled. For this purpose, a 3-D magnetic property measurement system was built and special sensing devices were fabricated. This paper presents, in detail, the magnetic flux density loci and the corresponding magnetic field strength loci for an SMC material when the flux density loci were controlled to be circles lying in the xoy-, yoz-, and zox-plane at 50 Hz.
Numerical models of RF-thermal ablation treatments
Authors: D'Ambrosio Valentina , Dughiero Fabrizio , Forzan Michele
Published: December 2018

Radiofrequency thermal ablation has become an important treatment of liver cancer. Recurrence can be associated to insufficient dimension of the treated zone or to insufficient temperature reached in the tumoral cells. A finite element 3D analysis of thermal ablation treatment has been performed to evaluate its effectiveness.
Automatic classification of magneto-optic image data for aircraft rivet inspection
Authors: Deng Yiming , Zeng Zhiwei , Tamburrino Antonello , Udpa Lalita , Shih William
Published: December 2018

Magneto-optic imaging is a recently developed nondestructive evaluation technique that is widely used for detecting cracks and corrosion in aircraft skins. This paper investigates multiple definitions of skewness functions of magneto-optic image data for quantifying and classifying defects originating at rivet sites and thereby substantiating its usefulness in developing automatic defect classification system.
Adaptive nonlinear control of a passively clamped two switch quasi resonant DC link converter
Authors: Hamida Amel Hadri , Allag Abdelkrim , Mimoune Souri Mohamed , Srairi Kamel , Zerouali Sakina , Féliachi Mouloud
Published: December 2018

In this paper an adaptive nonlinear control strategy applied to a passively clamped two switch quasi resonant DC link converter is developed and simulated. First a nonlinear system modelling is derived with state variables of the input current and the output voltage by using power balance of the input and output. The system is linearized and decoupled, and then a state feedback law is obtained. For robust control to parameter perturbation, adaptive nonlinear control is introduced to the system. The simulation is provided to verify the validity of the control algorithm.
Magnetostrictive delay lines for non-destructive testing
Authors: Hristoforou Evangelos , Kosmas Konstantinos
Published: December 2018

In this paper, we summarize the magnetic and electromagnetic non-destructive testing techniques and devices based on the magnetostrictive delay line principle. Three main techniques are presented. The first is based on surface crack and defect detection on ferromagnetic surfaces by measuring the corresponding magnetic anomaly distribution. The second is the measurement of eddy currents generated around the cracks and defects on a magnetic or non-magnetic metallic surface. The third technique is measuring the surface magnetic permeability of ferromagnetic substances. Finally, the methods of measuring the properties of magnetostrictive ribbons and cylinders used as MDLs, such as magnetoelastic performance and longitudinal sound velocity as well as their uniformity measurements are also discussed.
Lasers in caries diagnosis and prevention
Authors: Zezell Denise M. , da Ana Patricia A. , Ribeiro Adriana C. , Bachmann Luciano , Freitas Anderson Z. , Vieira Jr. Nilson Dias
Published: December 2018

This study evaluated the potential of Erbium lasers in caries prevention and optical methods for diagnosis. Temperature rise was measured by an infrared thermographic camera. Chemical and structural changes were identified by FTIR. Natural and artificial lesions were examined by optical coherence tomography. Laser irradiation resulted in surface temperature rises around 400°C, loss of water, change of the collagen, increase of the OH ^{-} radical and a small change in the mineral matrix. OCT analysis produced a dentin-enamel tomogram with 10 μm resolution. Fluorescence spectroscopy and OCT system were able to detect and differentiate early caries in its structure.
Multiscale strategy for the determination of magneto-elastic behaviour: Discussion and application to Ni-Zn ferrites
Authors: Daniel Laurent , Hubert Olivier , Vieille Bertrand
Published: December 2018

Micromagnetic models are usually based on energetic minimisation procedures at the magnetic domains scale. Two main difficulties associated to these approaches concern the determination of local stress and magnetic field. This key point, defined through specific localisation and homogenisation procedures, is discussed. A comparison between a recently proposed multiscale modelling and experimental data collected from isotropic Ni-Zn ferrites is finally presented as an illustration.
Use of the low temperature superconductors (LTS) to the magnetic separation
Authors: Cieśla Antoni
Published: December 2018

Superconducting separators are a new generation of magnetic separators; a DC superconducting electromagnet may be used as a source of magnetic field. It creates, among other things, a chance to reject weak-magnetic particles – first of all extra small ones (the basic problem for beneficiation of useful minerals). The subject of the following considerations refers to the one from several possible constructions: a matrix high gradient separator equipped with the DC superconducting electromagnet. Some practical aspects of the construction of the device in laboratory scale as well as the problems of exploitation conditions of the separator are presented.
Optical manipulation of a micro biological object using optical fibers and optical switch
Authors: Taguchi Kozo , Ikeda Masahiro
Published: December 2018

In this paper, we proposed a novel optical fiber manipulation technique of a micro-object using plural optical fibers and optical switch, and verified that optically trapped micro-object could be optically vibrated without moving optical fibers.
A linear magneto-optical imager for non-destructive evaluation
Authors: Joubert Pierre-Yves , Diraison Yohan Le , Pinassaud Jean
Published: December 2018

An integrated prototype of a new linear magneto-optical imager dedicated to real time inspection of large planar metallic structures is presented. The system provides images of the resulting normal magnetic field at the surface of the inspected structure, in amplitude and phase, in order to enable full defect characterization such as 3D image inversion. First raw images were obtained with an integrated linear magneto-optical imager, during the inspection of a flawed riveted lap joint mock-up similar to actual aeronautical structures.
Investigation of efficiency of a parallel duct-type energy conversion device utilizing a magnetic fluid
Authors: Shimada Kunio
Published: December 2018

We investigated the efficiency of a parallel duct-type energy conversion device utilizing a magnetic fluid under a nonuniform magnetic field using the results of heat conduction theory, the theoretical results taking the internal angular momentum into account, and a particle aggregation model. The experimental results can be investigated qualitatively and quantitatively. The efficiency varies according to the performance of the magnetic field distribution.
Effective method of applying magnetic field on a tuned liquid damper using a magnetic fluid
Authors: Horie Shohei , Shimoda Manabu , Ohno Ken-ichi , Nakamura Jun , Sawada Tatsuo
Published: December 2018

A new analytical model of a tuned liquid damper (TLD) using a magnetic fluid (tuned magnetic fluid damper (TMFD)) is proposed in order to better explain the unique damping characteristics of a TMFD. This model is then clarified experimentally using vertical magnetic fields and we investigate an effective method of applying a magnetic field on a tuned magnetic fluid damper(TMFD).
Magnetic property and shape memory effect of melt spun Fe-Mn-Cr-Si-Nd-B ribbons
Authors: Todaka Takashi , Yasuoka Teruo , Enokizono Masato , Tsutsumi Kenji , Groessinger Roland , Turtelli R. Sato , Nunes Christina , Wiesinger Guenter
Published: December 2018

New ferromagnetic shape memory alloys have been developed by means of melt spinning technique. The alloys are multi-functional materials, which have both ferromagnetic property and shape memory property. In order to append the ferromagnetic function of nonmagnetic Fe-Mn-Cr alloys, we have selected neodymium as an addition element. The magnetic properties of the alloys are improved by adding neodymium, however the shape memory properties are deteriorated at the same time. Also the Curie temperature shows increasing tendency in proportion to the neodymium contentes. After many trials and measurements, we have sought out an alloy consisting of Fe-26%Mn-10%Cr-5%Si-0.7%Nd-0.2%B [wt%], which has good ferromagnetic and shape memory property. In this paper, the suitable heat treatment is made clear in measurements to raise the saturation magnetization in preserving the perfect shape memory recovery.
Case-level detection of mammographic masses
Authors: Takács Gábor , Pataki Béla
Published: December 2018

Breast cancer is one of the most frequent cancerous diseases among women. Currently mammography (X-ray examination) is the most efficient method for early detection. A CAD system for detecting cancer-predicting masses in digitalized mammograms is presented in this paper. Two size classes were defined and different algorithms were used for small and large mass detection. The last processing step was a false mark filtering, based on the comparison of the two views of the same breast. The system was tested with 935 mammographic cases, each containing 4 images.
Fuzzy model-based monlinear maglev control for active vibration control systems
Authors: Erkan Kadir , Koseki Takafumi
Published: December 2018

A nonlinear fuzzy modelling and control strategy, having merits of linear control theory and TSK (Takagi-Sugeno-Kang) reasoning algorithm of fuzzy logic, is proposed for active vibration control systems under maglev actuation and the effectiveness of the approach verified via comparative experimental results.
Possibility of utilizing MCF in viscous damper of passive type
Authors: Shimada Kunio , Kanno Hideto
Published: December 2018

We experimentally investigated the dynamic characteristics of a viscous damper of passive damper type utilizing a newly proposed magnetically responsive fluid, MCF (magnetic compound fluid). We compared the characteristics regarding the damping and the response time of the damper's amplitude of MCF among those of MF and MR. The damping effect was also investigated as a viscous damping coefficient by employing a theoretical equation. MCF has the largest damping effect and the shortest response time. This cause can be considered the particles aggregating in chain- or necklace-shaped clusters in the fluid, as observed via light microscope.
Investigation of the micro-structural dependence of the magnetic properties of SQV2A steel for NDE
Authors: Cheng Weiying , Nagahigashi Shigeo , Shiwa Mitsuharu , Komura Ichirou , Fujiwara Koji , Takahashi Norio
Published: December 2018

The effect of thermal aging and electron irradiation on the micro-structure and magnetic properties of SQV2A steels are investigated in this study. The micro-structure variation is observed by transmission electron microscopy and the magnetic properties, such as hysteresis loops, are measured. Characteristic features are analyzed and the micro-structural dependence of the magnetic properties is investigated.
Modeling the mechanical behavior of an SMA manipulator
Authors: Okuyama Takeshi , Yakuwa Kumiko , Luo Yun , Higa Masaru , Takagi Toshiyuki
Published: December 2018

In this work a manipulator made of a shape memory alloy (SMA) and driven by thermoelectric modules is described. The mechanical output of the manipulator is obtained during the phase transformation of the SMA. To control the mechanical output, the relation between the transformation and the deformation of the SMA has to be determined. In this paper, a phenomenological model is proposed to predict the mechanical behavior of the SMA manipulator. Its validity is confirmed by a comparison of the deformation results between the numerical simulation and experiments.
Optical rotational manipulation system of a biological object using plural optical fibers and optical switch
Authors: Taguchi Kozo , Ikeda Masahiro
Published: December 2018

An optical rotational manipulation system of an elliptically shaped object was proposed. Counterclockwise and clockwise rotation of an elliptically shaped object could be realized using plural optical fibers and optical switch.
High permeability micro-magneto-mechanical systems
Authors: Dudek Christophe , Duverger Francois , Acher Olivier
Published: December 2018

Collections of magneto-mechanical oscillators are proposed as high permeability media. The permeability of these systems is investigated theoretically. It is shown that these systems are described by equations similar to that of gyromagnetism. The figures of merit of conventional soft permeable materials and of these magneto-mechanical systems are discussed.
Vibration response of a silicon rubber membrane containing a magnetic compound fluid induced by an impulsive magnetic field
Authors: Ido Yasushi , Ishida Shin , Shimada Kunio
Published: December 2018

Vibration of a silicon rubber membrane containing a magnetic compound fluid is experimentally investigated. Both the silicon rubber that contains clusters of magnetic particles and the rubber that contains magnetic particles being distributed almost uniformly are oscillated by an impulsive magnetic field. The differences of damping ratio and the maximum displacement of both kinds of the membranes are examined.
Improved modelling of the magneto-optic angular displacement sensor
Authors: Melikhov Y. , Park C.M. , Lee S.J. , Hauser H. , Jiles D.C.
Published: December 2018

An improved model for simulations of the reflected intensity of the new magneto-optic angular displacement sensor for measuring small angular and spatial displacements of the surfaces of a material is presented. In this model, the diameter of the laser beam is taken into account which allows accurate description of the experimental response of the sensor. It was also confirmed that the differential changes in time dependence of intensity, not its absolute value, could serve as a parameter for estimation of the amount of rotation of the sample surface.
Inductive heating systems for interior applications
Authors: Kacprzak Dariusz , Emeschajmer Piotr , Tuleasca Ioan , Ohji Takahisa
Published: December 2018

This paper reports a prototype of an inductive heating system designed for house-type dwellings. The aim of the system is to generate heat and transfer it to the house. The system produces heat using only electromagnetic field, which induces eddy currents in conductive elements. The conductive elements are placed in the way, which allows rapid heat transfer to the house. Therefore the system may be applied everywhere there the immediate heat effect is required. The principles of operations, technical specification as well as the issues of the electromagnetic compatibility are presented.
Cylindrical micropump driven by external magnetic fields
Authors: Honda Takashi , Yoshida Aiko , Yamasaki Jiro
Published: December 2018

A novel micropump using oscillation of an elastic film has been proposed for medical applications. The shape of the pump is a cylinder with outside diameter of 4 mm and length of 29 mm. The moving part of the pump is an angular oscillator composed of a magnet and an elastic film. When external alternating magnetic fields are applied, the magnet oscillates due to magnetic torque and then the elastic film can generate flow. The prototype micropump exhibited the maximum flow rate of approximately 100 ml/min.
Pareto swarm optimisation of high temperature superconducting generators
Authors: Cavaliere Vincenzo , Cioffi Marco , Formisano Alessandro , Martone Raffaele
Published: December 2018

High performance superconducting generators design requires the use of efficient optimisation methodologies. A global strategy for the multi-objectives optimisation of such machines is here proposed: the algorithm is based on the Pareto optima concept and adopts the Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) approach. The optimal design model is here applied to a high temperature superconducting synchronous generator. The implementation of PSO scheme is shown to be well suited for Pareto design problems.
Large aperture and high speed optical rotator
Authors: Didosyan Yuri S. , Hauser Hans , Drvoderic Drago , Nicolics Johann
Published: December 2018

Optical switches based on orthoferrites provide response times of 20 ns combined with stable states. The aperture is determined by the domain structure of the crystal plates and is increased now up to 500 μm.
A new magnetic polishing liquid (MPL) for contact force-free surface finishing II: Detailed performance in metal surface finishing
Authors: Wu Yongbo , Tetsuka Kenji , Kato Masana , Shimada Kunio , Wong Yat Choy
Published: December 2018

Magnetic polishing liquid (MPL), a mixture of MF (magnetic fluid), MRF (magnetorheological fluid), abrasive particles and cellulose, is a type of smart material proposed for surface finishing by the authors. Its fundamental performance in non-contact surface finishing was experimentally investigated with respect to the influences of the magnetic field strength and the gap between the working surface and the polishing pad surface on work surface quality indicators such as surface roughness and topography. The results showed that a stronger magnetic field gives a better surface quality, and that an appropriate gap is important in increasing the polishing efficiency.
Gradient magnetic field effects on separation, Fourier-spectra and motion of chromatin particles and cells
Authors: Norina Svetlana B. , Kim Jungdae , Soh Kwang-Sup
Published: December 2018

A magnetic capture of chromatin particles, ferritin, bacterial cells and shrimps was effectively used to measure the magnetic susceptibility, Fourier-spectra, and real-time graphs. In the high gradient magnetic separation(HGMS) using the low-frequency photo-detection the new dynamical bio-particle parameters were obtained. The concentration phase transitions and the diamagnetic alignment were revealed for colloid suspensions of the chromatin particles and the nuclei of chicken red blood cells in the HGMS. A biosensor detecting dynamical changes in the refractive index using a spectroscopy of intensity fluctuations was combined with the HGMS to detect a diamagnetic and paramagnetic capture, liquid-crystalline phase transitions in DNA containing particles, a dynamical autofluorescence and frequency spectra. Chicken red blood cell nuclei formed liquid-crystalline very bright (cholesteric) tubular-hexagonal structures and networks under their diamagnetic alignment in high gradient magnetic fields.
Noncontact guide system for travelling elastic steel plates(Experimental consideration on the application of robust control)
Authors: Kashiwabara Ken , Oshinoya Yasuo , Ishibashi Kazuhisa
Published: December 2018

We have developed a noncontact guide system for a high-speed travelling elastic steel plate in which electromagnetic forces are given at the edges of the plate by actuators for position control of the plate. In position control of the endless plates, it is extremely difficult to determine the mass of the control target. We study how the suppressive effect of the sliding mode control theory gives robustness in mass variation. In applying the sliding mode control theory, it is necessary to get quick response of the current control of the actuator in order to get the matching condition. With the help of the current feedback, the coil inductance of the actuators is forced to become almost zero.
Design of magnetorheological devices based on flow modes
Authors: Sato Yosuke , Shiraishi Toshihiko , Morishita Shin
Published: December 2018

In this paper, two types of rheometers were developed to measure typical characteristics of MR fluids. The shear stress was measured with one rheometer under shear deformation and the pressure difference was measured with the other under pressure flow on changing flow rate, magnetic flux density, and gap length through which MR fluids flow. Furthermore, the design process of MR devices using the experimental results was shown.
The phase diagram of a cubic ferromagnet with shape memory effect under an external stress along [110] axis
Authors: Taskaev Sergey , Buchelnikov Vasiliy , Takagi Toshiyuki
Published: December 2018

In this work with the help of the phenomenological Ginzburg-Landau theory the phase diagram of structural and magnetic phase transitions of a cubic ferromagnet with the external stress along [110] axis was theoretically investigated.
The relation between AC permeability and dislocation density and grain size in pure iron
Authors: Kikuchi Hiroaki , Henmi Yuji , Liu Tong , Ara Katsuyuki , Kamada Yasuhiro , Kobayashi Satoru , Takahashi Seiki
Published: December 2018

Magnetic properties of an iron-based steel derived from its major hysteresis loop are very sensitive to its microstructures and have been, therefore, used for nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of degradation in infrastructure made by ferromagnetic materials. The permeability obtained from small ac field excitation may be a more useful parameter for NDE of ferromagnetic materials than one obtained from a major hysteresis loop from the viewpoints of electricity consumption and real-time measurements. In this paper a relation between ac permeability, calculated from impedance of coil elements, and dislocation density or grain size of pure iron were clarified. A potential of NDE using ac permeability is also discussed.
Use of higher order statistics for enhancing magnetic flux leakage pipeline inspection data
Authors: Joshi Ameet , Udpa Lalita , Udpa Satish
Published: December 2018

Magnetic flux leakage (MFL) is one of the most commonly used techniques for the non-destructive evaluation of gas transmission pipelines. A major segment of this network employs seamless pipes. The data obtained from MFL inspection of seamless pipes is contaminated by various sources of noise, including the characteristic seamless pipe noise, lift-off variation of MFL sensor due to motion of the pipe and system noise due to on-board electronics, which can considerably reduce the detectability of defect signals. This paper presents a new technique to filter the correlated seamless pipe noise (SPN) and identify the defect regions in the MFL data, thereby reducing the data to be analyzed. The proposed filtering algorithm is based on higher order statistics(skewness and kurtosis), of the MFL data and is shown to be more robust than traditional filtering methods.
Experimental verification of the direct elastomagnetic effect
Authors: Hison Cornelia , Ausanio Giovanni , Iannotti Vincenzo , Lanotte Luciano , Breglio Giovanni , Cusano Andrea , Giordano Michele
Published: December 2018

The deformation induced by a magnetic field in a composite material made of permanently magnetized Sm _{2} Co _{7} micro-particles uniformly dispersed into an elastomer matrix is directly evaluated using a Fiber Bragg-Grating (FBG) sensor. This experimental measurement permits to verify the previously developed model of the direct elastomagnetic effect. The good agreement between the experimental results and the theoretical predictions gives the deffinitive validation of the model of the direct elastomagnetic effect in composites made of magnetic micro-particles inside an elastomer matrix. This feature is fundamental for the development of deformation actuators based on these materials with peculiar elastomagnetic and mechanical performances.
Fracture of a finite piezoelectric strip with a crack vertical to its borders – An exact analysis and its applications
Authors: Wang B.L. , Han J.C.
Published: December 2018

In this paper, we developed a closed-form solution for a crack in a piezoelectric strip of finite width, subjected to in-plane mechanical and electrical loads. Explicit expressions for the stresses and the electric fields, together with their intensity factors are obtained for the two extreme cases of impermeable crack and permeable crack. Solutions for some special cases, such as a center crack, an edge crack, a semi-infinite medium, an infinite medium, two symmetric and collinear cracks, and a row of collinear cracks, are also obtained. All solutions are given in closed-form.
Exact radiation for slotted circular or elliptical antenna coated by a concentric isorefractive metamaterials
Authors: Hamid A.-K. , Hussein M.I.
Published: December 2018

Exact solution to the electromagnetic radiation from a conducting slotted circular or elliptical cylinder coated by an Isorefractive metamaterials is derived by using the separation of variables technique. The fields inside and outside the dielectric layer are expressed in terms of Mathieu functions. No matrix inversion is required after obtaining expressions for the radiated field expansion coefficients by imposing the appropriate boundary conditions. Numerical results are plotted for the radiation pattern, aperture conductance and antenna gain. The results show that slotted antenna coated with Isorefractive metamaterials has more directive beam and lower side-lobes compared to that coated with conventional dielectric or metamaterials.
Spring actuator stacked of iron particles layers with permanent magnet under electromagnetic control
Authors: Nagaya Kosuke , Notoya Masayuki , Sakamoto Naoya , Fujinaka Tetsuya , Hata Hideki , Zheng J.
Published: December 2018

A new spring type actuator is presented in which controls are possible by using usual control methods such as PID control. The actuator consists of a normal helical coil spring and a number of iron (ferrite) particles layers inside. The iron particles layers are made of silicon based adhesive material involving iron particles. The layers are pasted to the coil spring with a certain air gap between each layer. To achieve both extensive and compressive motions, a permanent magnet is attached to the top of the spring and electromagnet to the base, and the motion of the top of the actuator is controlled by electric currents in the coil of the electromagnet. A method of forming the actuator is presented, and its design formulae are presented. The present actuator works well under the control. Especially, the size is small in comparison with such as moving coil actuators and the work area is large enough.
A comprehensive approach to the inverse DC corona source and forward ionised field problems
Authors: Lattarulo Francesco
Published: December 2018

The observed deposition, on a collector placed in the drift region outside the source, of unipolar ion flow in corona discharges is strongly dependent on the current density distribution in the ionisation sheath(source's region of support) enveloping the active electrode. Such a distribution, whose knowledge is the prerequisite for an optimal design of corona-based electrostatic devices and corona-free systems, results still undetermined. Therefore, an inverse source problem has been adopted for reconstructing corona source features. To this end, a universal law governing the ion flow distribution in the drift region has been discovered long after an intense experimental activity. The value of the present law consists in being virtually interpretable as the boundary condition, at the source, needed for successfully resolving a forward space-charge-dominated field problem by a method based on Deutsch's hypothesis.