bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Medicolegal Evaluation of the Case of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) Lead Fracture Due to Domestic Violence
Authors: KAYA Ahsen , ÇELİK Cemil , GÜLER Hülya , ŞENOL Ender , AKTAŞ Ekin Özgür
Published: August 2020

There has been an increase in sudden cardiac death in recent years. Lately, implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) is a device which is used to prevent sudden cardiac death. Some problems may occur in the device as a result of trauma. Lead fracture constitutes one of these problems. In the literature, blunt trauma-related ICD complications, particularly lead fracture, seem to be very rare. In this case report, we evaluated a female patient who was exposed to a blunt trauma while getting pulled her left arm by her ex-husband and to some inappropriate shocks due to lead fracture, in medicolegal aspect. In case, a lead fracture occurred by pulling her left arm without chest trauma. It is aimed to take importance that even a mild violence might cause life-threating, severe clinical outcome.
El Arbitraje De Productos Financeiros: La Experiencia Del CONSUMIDOR ESPAÑOL
Authors: Pérez Cristina Roy
Published: August 2020

El arbitraje constituye un eficaz mecanismo de resolución alternativa de conflictos que ofrece múltiples ventajas a los consumidores. Si bien no cabe duda, que las controversias que puedan surgir a tenor de la comercialización de productos financieros, pueden ser dilucidadas a través de esta institución, la experiencia en nuestro país, lejos de fomentar el recurso al arbitraje, le ha reportado numerosas críticas que han llegado incluso a cuestionar su eficiencia. En el presente artículo se introducen las causas que han llevado al incremento de la litigiosidad en esta materia, así como un análisis de aquellas situaciones que ha implicado un cuestionamiento de la viabilidad del arbitraje en este ámbito, con especial referencia a los procedimientos relativos a la adquisición de participaciones preferentes y swaps
Brevíssima Incursão Jurisprudencial – Direito Ao Esquecimento E Rompimento De Vínculo Entre O Nome E O Resultado De Busca Na Internet
Authors: Guardia Andrés Felipe T. S.
Published: August 2020

Após trinta anos da instalação, em 07.04.1988, do Superior Tribunal de Justiça, criado pela Constituição Federal de 1988 para assegurar uniformidade à interpretação da legislação federal, o Ministro Luís Felipe Salomão elegeu os principais precedentes que marcaram a evolução da Corte, considerando o impacto de tais acórdãos na vida social, política, econômica e jurídica do País. Nesta brevíssima incursão jurisprudencial são expostos destacados julgados dos temas do direito ao esquecimento e do rompimento de vínculo entre o nome e o resultado de busca na internet – desindexação, como ponto de partida de novas reflexões e enfoques no julgamento do Recurso Extraordinário 1.010.606 pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal, e à luz da Lei Federal n. 13.709/2018.
Estado, Jurisdição E Direitos Fundamentais: O Direito À Vida Do Embrião Excedentário
Authors: Baggio Andreza Cristina , Bresolin Camila Gil Marquez
Published: August 2020

A evolução tecnológica permite hoje a reprodução humana medicamente assistida. Todavia, a utilização de tais técnicas, especialmente a fertilização in vitro suscita questionamentos morais, éticos e jurídicos que merecem estudo. Tendo por base pesquisa bibliográfica, este artigo busca apresentar um panorama desse debate. Inicia-se o estudo com a abordagem a respeito da fertilização in vitro, e com a constatação de que, de tal técnica, podem resultar os chamados embriões excedentários. Apresentam-se algumas considerações acerca do que se considera o início da vida e o enquadramento legal do embrião excedentário, para, em seguida, reconhecer a titularidade destes no que diz respeito a direitos fundamentais. A partir da constatação de que existe uma proteção constitucional aos embriões excedentários, traz-se à baila questões polêmicas como a preservação destes em laboratório e a quem cabe o poder de escolha manutenção de seu direito a vida. Demonstra-se, por fim, que, embora o Estado Brasileiro atue em certa medida na tutela dos direitos fundamentais dos embriões excedentários, seja por meio de legislação, seja pelo exercício da atividade jurisdicional, essa tutela ainda não é suficiente para dar tratamento às questões éticas e morais que o tema desperta.
Aspectos Inerentes À Judicialização Da Saúde: Um Estudo Sobre A Atuação Da 8ª Câmara Cível Do Tribunal De Justiça De Minas Gerais – TJMG
Authors: Leão Simone Letícia Severo e Sousa Dabés
Published: August 2020

O presente artigo objetivou analisar, na ordem jurídica brasileira, questões atinentes à judicialização da saúde, em especial sobre a atuação da 8ª Câmara Cível do Tribunal de Minas Gerais. Foi realizada pesquisa precipuamente qualitativa, do tipo exploratória, fazendo uso de instrumentos de coleta de dados de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. A saúde consta como um dos direitos sociais previstos no art. 6º, que abre o Capítulo II (‘Dos Direitos Sociais’) do Título II (‘Dos Direitos Fundamentais’) da Constituição Federal de 1988. Além disso, o caput do art. 196, Constituição Federal de 1988, define a saúde como direito de todos e dever do Estado. O art. 2º da Lei 8.080 de 1990 dispõe, por sua vez, que a saúde é um direito fundamental do ser humano, devendo o Estado prover as condições indispensáveis ao seu pleno exercício, o que foi destacado no referencial teórico pesquisado – principalmente SOUSA, 2015 e ANDRADE, 2015. Logo, evidencia-se que a saúde é um direito fundamental social, que, para ser otimizado, precisa da atuação positiva do Estado, no intuito de assegurar vida digna aos cidadãos. Diante da precariedade do sistema brasileiro público de saúde, aliada ao número insuficiente de fornecimento de medicamentos e/ou tratamentos médicos e procedimentos cirúrgicos, bem como ausência de recursos ou descumprimento de políticas públicas, surge a denominada “judicialização da saúde”, tendo em vista que o cidadão sem condições financeiras procura socorrer-se ao Judiciário em busca dos seus direitos. Urge destacar, que a invocação do princípio da reserva do possível, como limitação financeira e suposto prejuízo do ente público, por si só, não justifica a falta de atendimento em relação ao acesso aos serviços de saúde. Há, pois, um longo caminho a percorrer visando um intenso e constante processo de melhoria de qualidade da saúde. Contudo, no que tange ao Direito à Saúde no Brasil, é preciso estabelecer um ponto de equilíbrio entre os direitos sociais fundamentais dispostos na Constituição Federal e as limitações orçamentárias alegadas pelo ente estatal, sendo razoável estabelecer critérios e parâmetros para sua concessão.
Constitucionalização Do Direito Civil E Do Direito Do Consumidor Como Efetividade Das Garantias Fundamentais
Authors: Silva Marcos Alves da , Moreira Junior Luiz Carlos , Baldissera Leonardo
Published: August 2020

O presente estudo revela uma abordagem da codificação civil brasileira aliada a importantes fatores históricos que consagraram direito do consumidor como norma especial, bem como discorre sobre os anseios que levaram à Constitucionalização desses instrumentos jurídicos como direitos fundamentais na Carta Política em consonância aos princípios de direitos humanos e da dignidade da pessoa humana e os respectivos impactos nas relações contratuais, à exemplo da relativização do pacta sunt servanda. Demonstraremos ainda, que a democracia se impõe como instrumento para efetividade dos direitos oriundos da Constitucionalização do Código Civil de do Direito do Consumidor, cuja condição (de democracia) para a sua efetividade no estado de direito também depende de fatores multidisciplinares das relações sociais
Estado Actual De La Responsabilidad Penal Por El Producto En La Legislación Chilena
Authors: Awad Ximena Marcazzolo , Torres María Elena Santibáñez
Published: August 2020

Los deberes de fabricantes y distribuidores que generan responsabilidad penal por el producto son los de vigilancia, advertencia y retirada. El artículo analiza estos deberes para luego determinar a la luz de la legislación vigente en Chile si la normativa penal que regula este tipo de responsabilidad, es capaz de cubrir adecuadamente las infracciones a estos deberes o si, por el contrario, el sistema es de carácter dualista y debe acudirse a ilícitos comunes para una mejor protección de los consumidores.
Os Limites Da Atividade Legislativa Do Poder Executivo Em Matéria De Direito Privado
Authors: Bernardes Flávio Couto , Gontijo Pedro Augusto Costa
Published: August 2020

A atividade legislativa do Poder Executivo tem ganhado cada vez mais destaque nos sistemas jurídicos ocidentais. Sua contraposição aos princípios do Estado de Direito e da legalidade são a chave básica para avaliar o alcance de dada competência normativa. Para a presente análise, avaliar-se-á os desafios da crise do princípio da legalidade nos dias de hoje e, logo após, como se estrutura a atividade normativa do Poder Executivo no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. Ao final, serão propostos os limites da atividade regulamentar em matéria de atos de intervenção de controle sobre o âmbito das relações desenvolvidas por particulares dentro do arcabouço de Direito Privado. Para tanto, lançou-se mão de método indutivo-hipotético, com viés explicativo-qualitativo.
Um Novo Sistema Único De Previdência Pública Com Sustentabilidade Tributária
Authors: Nogueira Jozélia , Fernandes Cintia Estefania , Leão Antônio Carlos C. de
Published: August 2020

A partir da década de 1990, ampliou-se a discussão concernente à sustentabilidade da Previdência Social Pública. Neste estudo, foi apresentado um modelo alternativo de sistema previdenciário, fundamentado nos princípios de manutenção da dignidade e igualdade humana, preservação ambiental e sustentabilidade financeira. O Sistema Único de Previdência Pública proposto tem como paradigma fundante a formação da poupança intergeracional pelo Governo Federal e a sustentabilidade financeira, utilizando-se, para tanto, de tributação, inclusive da incidente sobre a exploração dos recursos renováveis e não renováveis. No estudo, também se previu a criação de tributos que darão sustentação financeira ao novo sistema previdenciário. Em um segundo momento, estabeleceram-se os parâmetros universais de igualdade de direitos no tocante às aposentadorias e pensões e de igualdade de usufruto dos recursos nacionais para todos os cidadãos desta e das futuras gerações.
La Protección De La Mujer En El Orden Jurisdiccional Penal Español
Authors: Barrios Mª Inmaculada Sánchez
Published: August 2020

La violencia sobre la mujer representa un problema generalizado que afecta a todos los países. Las agresiones que han sufrido y que sufren las mujeres presentan unas características diferentes a otros tipos de violencia, pues parte de la posición de inferioridad y desigualdad a la que las mujeres han sido relegadas tradicionalmente.

Al constituir este problema un fenómeno generalizado la Comunidad internacional, principalmente desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX, ha puesto en marcha diversas iniciativas a fin de erradicar esta violencia; y en España, de forma especial, se han aprobado diversas normas para ello.

Analizaremos a continuación algunas importantes normas que han supuesto una protección procesal de la mujer en el orden jurisdiccional penal en España en supuestos de violencia contra ella. Nos centraremos de manera más profunda en la Ley Orgánica 1/2004, de 28 de diciembre, de Medidas de Protección Integral contra la Violencia de Género, con sus posteriores modificaciones, y pondremos de manifiesto la diferente problemática que plantean algunos de sus preceptos. Pero con carácter previo apuntaremos algunas aspectos – siquiera someramente – de la Ley 27/2003, de 31 de julio, reguladora de la Orden de Protección de las víctimas de la violencia doméstica y la Directiva 2011/99/UE del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo, de 13.12.2011, sobre la orden europea de protección, y cuya regulación se completa en nuestro país por la Ley 23/2014, de 20 de noviembre, de reconocimiento mutuo de resoluciones penales en la Unión Europea, haciendo una breve descripción de estas últimas normas.
Arbitragem No Brasil: Evolução Histórica
Authors: Finkelstein Cláudio
Published: August 2020

Embora a arbitragem exista no Brasil desde a época colonial, foi somente com a promulgação da Lei Brasileira de Arbitragem de 1996 e com a declaração de constitucionalidade de tal instituto pelo STF, entre 1996 e 2002, que a arbitragem passou a se consolidar no País. Atualmente o Brasil é reconhecido como sendo uma jurisdição largamente favorável à arbitragem
El Control Del Correo Electrónico En El Ámbito Laboral
Authors: Jiménez Antonio Felipe Delgado
Published: August 2020

DERECHO AL SECRETO DE LAS COMUNICACIONES Y A LA PROTECCIÓN DE DATOS PERSONALES: secreto de las comunicaciones y protección de datos personales en el ámbito laboral. Vigilancia en el marco de un proceso de despido: interceptación y transcripción de mensajes electrónicos personales en el lugar de trabajo constando prohibición por parte de la empresa. Falta de comprobación por los tribunales internos de si el empresario había notificado previamente al demandante de la posibilidad de que sus comunicaciones iban a ser controladas y de si había sido informado del alcance de la vigilancia y del grado de intrusión en su vida privada y correspondencia: falta de justificación de los motivos para la introducción de las medidas de control y de si hubiera sido posible utilizar otras medidas menos intrusivas: ausencia de justo equilibrio entre los intereses del empleador y el derecho del demandante al respeto de su vida privada: violación existente
A Politização Da Justiça: Um Réquiem Para A República
Authors: Silva Nilson Tadeu Reis Campos
Published: August 2020

O presente texto procura detectar, pelo método indutivo, as principais fissuras da República brasileira provocadas pela atuação da jurisdição constitucional em áreas específicas: a do controle da constitucionalidade de normas infralegais e a do protagonismo legisferante do Supremo Tribunal Federal. Abrange desde a análise tópica e reflexiva da sua jurisprudência, sobre liberdade de expressão e sobre transfusões de sangue, até a incoerência decisória ao envolver questões sensíveis à sociedade e ao indivíduo. Apresenta corte epistemológico fulcral para se ofertar um constructo tutelar pensado em políticas sociais de responsabilidade do Estado. Com espeque nas várias teorias jurídicas tecidas, procura-se enfatizar a necessidade de se obter uma resposta correta, apontando para a necessidade de superação do positivismo sem adesão ao ativismo político-ideológico, de modo a dar prevalência à segurança jurídica.
La Difícil E Incompleta Asunción De Las Bases Jurídicas Para Una Política Exterior Común De La Unión Europea
Authors: Bonillo Julio Guinea
Published: August 2020

La lenta y dificultosa puesta en acción del articulado referente a la Política Exterior y de Seguridad Común en los Tratados comunitarios es el objeto de estudio en este artículo. Se acota temporalmente el objeto de estudio en torno a los dos acontecimientos más relevantes que han marcado decisivamente el rumbo de la Unión Europea, la Conferencia Intergubernamental (CIG) del año 2003 que trabajó sobre el texto de la Convención Europea y la Conferencia Intergubernamental del año 2007, que trasladó gran parte del contenido del fracasado Tratado al derecho originario –Tratado de Lisboa-. Este análisis se plantea desde un enfoque histórico, jurídico y político, para destacar los progresos en la materia y sugerir las reformas que podrían fortalecer una verdadera Política Exterior de la Unión Europea en un futuro cercano
A Inserção Dos Direitos Humanos No Órgão De Solução De Controvérsias Da Organização Mundial Do Comércio (OMC)
Authors: Menzel Gregorio , Reis Clayton
Published: August 2020

A OMC (e o GATT antes dela) foi criada com o intuito de regular as relações de comércio internacional e solucionar os conflitos gerados pelos acordos dentro dela firmados. A sua história e estrutura são imensamente relevantes para entender a atuação da Organização nos dias atuais, a qual, por meio do estudo de diversos autores como Marceau, Howse e Petersmann, demonstra a possibilidade de a integrar ao contexto de proteção dos direitos humanos, compreendendo as dificuldades que tal tarefa traz, mas também a necessidade de o fazer. O presente trabalho pretende, pois, estabelecer o histórico da OMC, desde a criação do GATT, o seu funcionamento e organização, bem como trabalhar a visão dos autores supracitados na integração dos direitos humanos às decisões do Órgão de Solução de Controvérsias da Organização
Mesleki eğitim merkezine devam eden gençlerin sağlık, sosyal, ekonomik durumları ve boyun eğici davranışlar açısından değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ULU BOTAN EMİNE , YÜKSEL AYŞE
Published: August 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Van
Vali Alipaşa Mesleki Eğitim Merkezi’ne devam eden gençlerin,
sağlık-sosyal-ekonomik durumlarının incelenmesi, boyun eğici davranışlar
açısından değerlendirilmesi ve etkileyen faktörlerin saptanması
amaçlanmaktadır. Yöntem: Kesitsel tipte olan
çalışmanın evreni Van Vali Alipaşa Mesleki Eğitim Merkezi’nde 2015-2016 öğretim
döneminde çıraklık eğitimi alan, 15-22 yaş aralığındaki 260 gençtir. Örnek
seçilmeyerek evrenin tamamına ulaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışma hakkında bilgi
verildikten sonra katılmayı kabul eden 240 öğrenciye anket formu uygulanmıştır.
Verinin toplanmasında araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen anket formu,
Kuppuswamy Sosyoekonomik Düzey Ölçeği ve Boyun Eğici Davranışlar Ölçeği
kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Katılımcıların %15.4’ü kadın, %84.6’sı
erkektir. Erkekler kadınlara göre daha erken yaşta çalışmaya başlamıştır (p<0.001).
İş kazası geçirme erkeklerde kadınlara göre daha yüksektir (p=0.01).
Katılımcıların Boyun Eğici Davranışlar Ölçeği puan ortalaması 44.3±11.4’tür.
Katılımcıların BEDÖ puan ortalaması evren ortalamasından yüksektir
(p<0.001). Aile içinde şiddet gördüğünü ifade edenlerde görmediğini ifade
edenlere göre BEDÖ puanı daha yüksektir(p=0.03). İş yerinde mobbinge maruz
kalanlarda kalmayanlara göre BEDÖ puanları daha yüksek olarak saptanmıştır (p=0.03). Sonuç: Katılımcılar
arasında topluma göre daha fazla boyun eğici davranış gözlenmiştir. Çalışan
gençler hak ve sorumlulukları konusunda bilinçlendirilmeli, toplumda bu konuda
farkındalık arttırıcı çalışmalar yapılmalıdır.
Public health issues and non-communicable diseases in Saskatchewan, Canada
Authors: SİDDİQUİ Muhammad , AZİZ Muhammad Owais
Published: August 2020

Objective: Main purpose of this paper was to report the occurrence of chronic non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption and roadside injuries and its impact on the Saskatchewan healthcare system. Methods: We searched the Public Health Agency of Canada, Canadian Institute for Health Information website, electronic databases including Medline, Scopus, PubMed, and CINAHL to review published literature in this area. Electronic searches were limited to Health care, Diabetes, Obesity, Alcohol and Roadside injuries in Saskatchewan. Results: Obesity is associated with diabetes and hyperlipidemia. Insufficient fruit and vegetable intake may be associated with obesity but still there is a dire need of more research to understand of obesity. Smoking leads to chronic respiratory diseases, coronary artery disease and cancer, making it the leading cause of death. Impaired driving related injuries are the leading consequences of alcohol which is burdening the nation with millions of dollars annually. There is a need for an effective mass media campaign to develop awareness. Overall hospitalization due to traffic-accidents is on the decline nationally due to effective safety measures and enhancement of quality care. However, traffic accidents are still the leading cause of admission due to unintentional injuries. Conclusions: The key issues that needs to be addressed as a priority are those related to diabetes, obesity, alcohol and respiratory diseases that result in serious threat to the public health of Saskatchewan residents. Finally, promoting healthy living and positive behaviour can prevent incidence of these chronic conditions.
Çocuklarda sağlığın geliştirilmesinde sağlık okuryazarlığının rolü
Authors: ÇOBAN Tülin , ÖZCEBE Hilal
Published: August 2020

Sağlığın
geliştirilmesi kapsamında uygulanan stratejiler kısa dönemde sağlıkla ilgili
risk faktörlerinin azalmasını, orta dönemde koruyucu sağlık hizmetlerinin
kullanımının artmasını, yaşam biçimlerinin düzenlenmesini sağlar. Uzun dönemde
ise sağlıklı yaşam yıllarının artmasını sağlayarak sağlıklı bir toplum
oluşmasına katkıda bulunur. Sağlık okuryazarlığı, sağlığın geliştirilmesi için
karşılanması gereken en önemli alandır. Bedenen, zihnen, sosyal, duygusal ve
bilişsel yönden iyilik hâlinin devam ettirilebilmesi için hastalık ve sağlık
algısının oluşması ve bilgi birikiminin artmasında yaşanılan sosyal ve kültürel
yapı (gelenek, görenek, inanç, vb.) ve kazanılan deneyimler rol oynamaktadır.
Bu da kişilerin çocukluk çağından itibaren sağlıkla ilgili konularda
eğitilmelerini gerektirmektedir. Çocuk ve adolesanlara yaşlarına, beceri ve
kapasitelerine uygun olarak temizlik ve özbakım, beslenme, uyku, güvenli cinsel
davranış, tütün, alkol ve madde bağımlılığından korunma, ekran bağımlılığından
korunma, trafik kazalarından korunmak için gerekli olan güvenli davranışlar,
ihmal ve istismardan korunma gibi konularda eğitim verilmelidir. Bu eğitim
sayesinde sağlığın geliştirilmesi yaklaşımı kapsamında çocuk ve adolesanların
doğru bilgi, olumlu tutum ve davranış kazanmaları için çeşitli yaşam
becerilerinin kazandırılması sağlanabilir. Tüm bu sürecin sağlık
okuryazarlığının geliştirilmesine yönelik bakış açısının içinde yer almasıyla
toplumun sağlık okuryazarlığı düzeyi yükselecek, toplumun sağlık hizmetlerini
anlayıp kullanabilmesi kolaylaşacak; böylece sağlıklı yaşam yılları ve kalitesi
artacak, sağlıkta eşitsizlikler giderilebilecektir.
Hâlâ Göremediklerimiz: Cinsiyet ve Toplumsal Cinsiyet Temelli Tıp Yaklaşımı
Authors: YASİN Yesim , AYDEMİR Erkin , ŞEVİK İrem , ÖZYALÇIN Ezgi
Published: August 2020

Cinsiyet ve toplumsal cinsiyet
temelli tıp, 2000’li yılların başından itibaren üzerinde çalışılmaya başlayan
görece yeni bir alandır. Amerika Birleşik Devletleri ve kıta Avrupası’ndan
birçok ülkede ilgi görmüş, birçok üniversitede kurumsallaşmıştır. Cinsiyet ve
toplumsal cinsiyet temelli tıp yaklaşımı geleneksel tıbbın uzun bir zamandır
gör(e)mediği bir konuya, hastalıkların ve diğer tıbbi durumların epidemiyoloji,
prognoz, koruma, tedavi ve sonuçlar açısından kadına ve erkeğe göre nasıl
farklılaşabildiğini göstermeye çalışır. 
Araştırmalar, bu perspektifin ihmal edilmesinin özellikle kadınların
sağlığı açısından ne kadar tehlikeli sonuçlarının olabileceğini açıkça ortaya
koymuştur.  Kardiyoloji, bu alanda en
fazla öne çıkmış uzmanlıklardan biridir. Bu makale tıbbın bu özellikli alanı
Türkiye akademyasına tanıtmak ve cinsiyet ve toplumsal cinsiyet temelli tıp
yaklaşımın tıbba ve halk sağlığına yaptığı temel katkıları ele almayı
amaçlamaktadır. Makalede, kişiye özel tıp yaklaşımının farklarının da altı
çizilecek ve yapılabilecek çalışmalarla ilgili birkaç öneri yer alacaktır.
Artificial Intelligence Based Study on Analyzing of Habits and with History of Diseases of Patients for Prediction of Recurrence of Disease Due to COVID-19
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Samir Kumar , Dutta Shawni
Published: August 2020

A patient will visit physicians when he/she feels ill. This illness is not for COVID-19 but it is a general tendency of human being to visit doctor probably it can not be controlled by general drug. When a patient comes to a doctor, the doctor examines him/her after knowing his/her problem. The physician always asks him/her about some questions related to him/her daily life. For example, if a young male patient comes to a doctor with a symptom of fever and cough, the first question doctor asked him that he has a habit of smoking. Then doctor asks him whether this type of symptom appeared often to him previously or not. If the answers of both questions are yes, then the first one is habit and the second one is that he may suffering from some serious disease or a disease due to the weather. The aim of this paper is to consider habit of the patient as well as he/she has been affected by a critical disease. This information is used to build a model that will predict whether there is any possibility of his/her being affected by COVID-19. This research work contributes to tackle the pandemic situation occurred due to Corona Virus Infectious Disease, 2019 (Covid-19). Outbreak of this disease happens based on numerous factors such as past health records and habits of patients. Health records include diabetes tendency, cardiovascular disease existence, pregnancy, asthma, hypertension, pneumonia; chronic renal disease may contribute to this disease occurrence. Past lifestyles such as tobacco, alcohol consumption may be analyzed. A deep learning based framework is investigated to verify the relationship between past health records, habits of patients and covid-19 occurrence. A stacked Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) based model is proposed in this paper that identifies whether a patient can be infected by this disease or not. The proposed predictive system is compared against existing benchmark Machine Learning classifiers such as Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Decision Tree (DT).
Kinerja Industri Kakao di Indonesia
Authors: Ariningsih Ening , Purba Helena J , Sinuraya Julia F , Suharyono Sri , Septanti Kartika Sari
Published: August 2020

Indonesia is among the largest cocoa producing countries in the world. Various policies for cocoa production and quality improvement has been issued, but it still deals with some constraints. This paper reviews cocoa Indonesia’s industry performance and its development strategy. Over the past decade, Indonesia’s cocoa production kept declining due to decreased mature crop areas, unproductive crops enhancement, lower yield, and conversion of cocoa fields. Cocoa plantation is dominated by smallholders, limited capital, less knowledge, lack of technology access, and restricted market information. Government’s role is crucial in facilitating efforts to increase productivity, quality, and markets access besides to developing its downstream industries. Developing cocoa industry is not only the responsibility of the Ministry of Agriculture but it involves other institutions, i.e., local governments, NGOs, businessmen, research institutions, and investors. It is expected to improve Indonesia’s cocoa competitiveness in international market.

 

Abstrak

Indonesia termasuk negara produsen kakao terbesar di dunia. Pemerintah telah berupaya mengeluarkan berbagai kebijakan untuk peningkatan produksi dan mutu kakao, namun pengembangan kakao di Indonesia masih mengalami berbagai masalah. Tulisan ini menganalisis kinerja industri kakao serta strategi pengembangannya di Indonesia melalui penelaahan literatur. Selama dekade terakhir produksi kakao Indonesia terus menurun karena berkurangnya luas areal tanaman menghasilkan, meningkatnya tanaman tidak produktif, penurunan produktivitas, dan konversi lahan kakao. Perkebunan kakao didominasi perkebunan rakyat skala kecil, bermodal terbatas, serta akses terbatas terhadap teknologi dan informasi pasar. Peran pemerintah sangat penting dalam fasilitasi upaya peningkatan produktivitas, mutu, akses pasar, serta pengembangan industri hilirnya. Upaya pengembangan kakao bukan hanya tanggung jawab Kementerian Pertanian, tetapi bersifat lintas sektoral. Peran serta pemerintah daerah, LSM, pelaku bisnis, lembaga penelitian, dan investor sangat besar untuk mengembangkan dan membenahi agribisnis kakao di Indonesia sehingga daya saingnya meningkat di pasar internasional.
Kinerja Ekonomi Karet dan Strategi Pengembangan Hilirisasinya di Indonesia
Authors: Perdana Resty Puspa
Published: August 2020

Rubber as an export commodity plays an important role in the national economy. Rubber prices fluctuate and tend to decline leading to lower national as rubber areas converted to other more prospective commodities. Downstream rubber industry enhancement is crucial for improving domestic rubber consumption and price stabilization in Indonesia. Export reduction policy carried out by the government for price stabilization is effective but only in the short term. Therefore, downstream rubber industry development is essential to deal with global rubber price fluctuation. Continuous supply and quality maintenance are crucial. Replanting should be implemented such that yield increases and its quality may compete with that imported.

 

Abstrak

Karet sebagai komoditas ekspor memiliki peran penting dalam perekonomian nasional. Harga karet yang fluktuatif dan menurun dapat memengaruhi produksi karet nasional karena alih fungsi lahan perkebunan karet ke komoditas lain yang lebih prospektif. Hal tersebut akan berdampak pada menurunnya devisa negara dan kesejahteraan petani. Pengembangan hilirisasi karet merupakan salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan serapan karet dalam negeri guna mengurangi pengaruh fluktuasi harga karet. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pentingnya pengembangan hilirisasi karet dalam mencapai kestabilan harga karet di Indonesia. Kebijakan pengurangan ekspor yang dilakukan pemerintah dalam rangka stabilisasi harga karet cukup efektif, namun hanya berpengaruh dalam jangka pendek. Oleh karena itu pengembangan hilirisasi karet diperlukan untuk mengurangi pengaruh fluktuasi harga karet internasional. Pengembangan hilirisasi karet memerlukan dukungan pemerintah dalam berbagai aspek. Untuk menjaga kontinuitas dan kualitas karet untuk bahan baku industri hilir maka upaya peremajaan karet harus dilakukan agar produktivitas karet meningkat serta kualitasnya dapat bersaing dengan karet impor
Synergistic therapeutic effects of metformin at a clinically relevant dosage in combination with chemotherapy via the AKT/mTOR pathway on ovarian cancer
Authors: WEN KUO-CHANG , Sung Pi-Lin , Wu Alexander T.H. , Chou Ping-Chieh , Lin Jun-Hung , Wang Peng-Hui , Huang Chi-Ying F. , Yeung Sai-Ching J. , Lee Mong-Hong
Published: August 2020

BackgroundOvarian cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death among women. Complete cytoreductive surgery followed by platinum-taxene chemotherapy has been the gold standard for a long time. Various compounds have been assessed in an attempt to combine them with conventional chemotherapy to improve survival rates or even overcome chemoresistance. Many studies have shown that an antidiabetic drug, metformin, has cytotoxic activity in different cancer models. However, the synergism of metformin as a neoadjuvant formula plus chemotherapy in clinical trials and basic studies remains unclear for ovarian cancer.MethodsWe applied two clinical databases to survey metformin use and ovarian cancer survival rate. The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset, an L1000 microarray with Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) analysis, Western blot analysis and an animal model were used to study the activity of the AKT/mTOR pathway in response to the synergistic effects of neoadjuvant metformin combined with chemotherapy.ResultsWe found that ovarian cancer patients treated with metformin had significantly longer overall survival than patients treated without metformin. The protein profile induced by low- concentration metformin in ovarian cancer predominantly involved the AKT/mTOR pathway. In combination with chemotherapy, the neoadjuvant metformin protocol showed beneficial synergistic effects in vitro and in vivo.ConclusionsThis study shows that neoadjuvant metformin at clinically relevant dosages is efficacious in treating ovarian cancer, and the results can be used to guide clinical trials.
Women’s healthcare decision-making capacity and HIV testing in sub-Saharan Africa: a multi-country analysis of demographic and health surveys
Authors: Seidu Abdul-Aziz , Oduro Joseph Kojo , Ahinkorah Bright Opoku , Budu Eugene , Appiah Francis , Baatiema Linus , Ameyaw Edward Kwabena , Sambah Francis
Published: August 2020

Background Global commitment to stop Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and ensure access to HIV treatment calls for women empowerment as these efforts play major roles in mother-to-child transmission. We explored the association between women’s healthcare decision-making capacity and HIV testing in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Methods We used data from the current Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2018 in 28 countries in SSA. At the descriptive level, we calculated the prevalence of HIV testing in each of the countries. This was followed by the distribution of HIV testing across the socio-demographic characteristics of women. Finally, we used binary logistic regression to explore the likelihood of HIV testing by women’s health care decision-making capacity and socio-demographic characteristics. The results were presented as Crude Odds Ratios (COR) and Adjusted Odds Ratios(AOR) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals signifying precision. Statistical significance was set at p-value <0.05. Results We found that prevalence of HIV testing in the 28 SSA countries was 64.4%, with Congo DR having the least (20.2%) and the highest occurred in Rwanda (97.4%). Women who took healthcare-decisions alone [COR=3.183, CI=2.880-3.519] or with their partners [COR=2.577, CI=2.335-2.844] were more likely to test for HIV compared to those whose healthcare-decisions were taken by others and this persisted after controlling for significant covariates [AOR=1.507, CI=1.321-1.720] and [AOR=1.518, CI=1.334-1.728], respectively. Conclusion SSA countries intending to improve HIV testing need to incorporate women’s healthcare decision-making capacity strategies. These strategies can include education and counselling. This is essential because our study indicates that the capacity of women to make healthcare decisions has an association with their decision to test for their HIV status.
RNA interactome capture in Brachypodium reveals a flowering plant core RBPome
Authors: Li Meixia , Zhang Zhicheng , Balzarini Sam , Parmar Bhavesh , Kurt Boonen , Vandeperre Anja , Geuten Koen
Published: August 2020

BackgroundRNA binding proteins regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by controlling the fate of RNA, in processes such as mRNA localization, translation, splicing and stability. The annotation of RNA binding proteins is mainly based on the well-known RNA binding domains and motifs. However, novel RNA binding proteins without such conventional domains have been identified in different species using in vivo RNA interactome capture. To find support for novel conserved RNA binding proteins in plants, we applied an optimized RNA interactome capture to the monocot model Brachypodium distachyon.ResultsWe provide experimental evidence for 203 RNA binding proteins isolated from Brachypodium shoot tissue and leaf mesophyll protoplasts, and grouped these into classic RNA binding proteins with recognizable RNA binding domains and motifs, and candidate RNA binding proteins without such domains. Compared to RNA binding proteins captured in Arabidopsis thaliana, candidate RNA binding proteins involved in carbon fixation and carbon metabolic pathways are highly conserved. We tried to validate the RNA binding proteins captured in this research through a silica-based method, but this method appears not efficient for plants. This may indicate that optimized methods to validate high throughout RNA binding proteome are required for plants.ConclusionsOur results provide classic and candidate RNA binding proteins in Brachypodium distachyon and conserved RNA binding proteins in flowering plants. Future functional characterization should point out what the significance of RNA binding is for the function of these proteins.
Automated synthesis of 18F radiolabelled indole containing Oncrasin-like molecules; a comparison of iodonium salts and boronic ester chemistry.
Authors: McDonald Alexander Franklin , Goh Yit Wooi , White Jonathan M , Scott Andrew M , Ackermann Uwe
Published: August 2020

Background: Oncrasin-1 is a small molecule which was identified from a screen of KRAS mutant cancer cells and has shown specificity for KRAS mutant cell killing. We aimed to develop a radiolabelled form of Oncrasin-1 to enable in-vivo imaging of mutant KRAS expression in malignant tumours. This work outlines the synthesis of 3 fluorinated derivatives and development of iodonium salt and boronic ester precursors for radiolabelling with the 18F isotope. Results: In our hands, synthesis of iodonium salts were not easily accessible due to the 3-carbaldehyde indole structure being preferentially oxidized by conditions required for iodonium salt formation, rather than benzyl iodide. Synthesis and radiolabelling of boronic acid pinacol ester precursors were successful, with the products being obtained in yields of 10.76% ± 0.96% (n=5), 14.7% ±8.58% (n=3) and 14.92% ±3.9% (n=3) for 18F KAM001, 18F KAM002 and 18F KAM003 respectively, with radiochemical purity of greater than 99%.Conclusions: The successful synthesis of these tracers has been undertaken utilizing boronic ester radio-fluorination methods and will allow for investigation of Oncrasin based molecules as potential diagnostics for cancers expressing mutant KRAS protein.
Perception of the healthcare professionals towards the current trauma and emergency care system in Kabul, Afghanistan: A mixed method study
Authors: Khudadad Umerdad , Aftab Wafa , Ali Asrar , Khan Nadeem Ullah , Razzak Junaid , Siddiqi Sameen
Published: August 2020

Background: Trauma and injury contribute to 11% of the all-cause mortality in Afghanistan. We aimed to explore the perceptions of the healthcare providers (pre and in-hospital), hospital managers and policy makers of the public and private health sectors to identify the challenges in the provision of an effective trauma care in Kabul, Afghanistan.Methods: A concurrent mixed method design was used, including key-informant interviews (healthcare providers, hospital managers and policy makers) of the trauma care system (N=18) and simultaneous structured emergency care system assessment questionnaire (N = 35) from July 15 to September 25, 2019. Interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis and structured questionnaire data were descriptively analyzed.Results: Four themes were identified that describe the challenges: 1) pre-hospital care, 2) cohesive trauma management system, 3) physical and human resources and 4) stewardship. We found some key challenges related to scene and transportation care, in-hospital care and emergency preparedness within the wider trauma care system. Less than 25% of the population is covered by the pre-hospital ambulance system (n=23, 65.7%) and there is no communication process between health care facilities to facilitate transfer (n=28, 80%). Less than 25% of patients with an injury requiring emergent surgery have access to surgical care in a staffed operating theatre within two hours of injury (n=19, 54.2%) and there is no regular assessment of the ability of the emergency care system to mobilize resources (human and physical) to respond to disasters, and other large-scale emergencies (n=28, 80%). Conclusion: This study highlighted major challenges in the delivery of trauma care services across Kabul, Afghanistan. Systematic improvement in the workforce training, structural organization of the trauma system and implementing externally validated clinical guidelines for trauma management could possibly enhance the functions of the existing trauma care services. However, an integrated state-run trauma care system will address the current burden of traumatic injury more effectively within the wider healthcare system of Afghanistan.
Anthocyanins increase serum adiponectin in newly diagnosed diabetes but not in prediabetes: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yang LiPing , Ling Wenhua , Qiu Yun , Liu Yong , Wang Li , Yang Jing , Wang Changyi , Ma Jianping
Published: August 2020

Background Epidemiological studies have suggested that adiponectin is associated with the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. This study first examined the effect of purified anthocyanins, a group of dietary flavonoids, on serum adiponectin in patients with prediabetes and newly diagnosed diabetes.Methods A total of 160 patients with prediabetes (n=90) or newly diagnosed diabetes (n=70) were randomly assigned to either the anthocyanins group or the placebo group for 12 weeks of intervention. Serum adiponectin, a set of biomarkers related to glucolipid metabolism, anthropometric parameters, dietary intake and physical activity were measured before and after intervention.Results Anthocyanins increased serum adiponectin compared with placebo (net change 0.46 µg/mL, 95% CI [0.03, 0.90], p=0.038) in the subjects with newly diagnosed diabetes. No significant difference in the change in adiponectin was observed between the two groups either in the overall subjects (0.02 µg/mL [-0.32, 0.36], p=0.906) or in prediabetes (-0.35 µg/mL [-0.85, 0.16], p=0.174). Anthocyanins also decreased fasting glucose (-0.5 mmol/L [-1, -0.04], p=0.035) in the subjects with newly diagnosed diabetes, but no such change was observed in those with prediabetes.Conclusions Anthocyanins supplementation for 12 weeks improved serum adiponectin and fasting glucose in patients with newly diagnosed diabetes, but not in patients with prediabetes.
Prevalences and Associated Factors of Electrocardiographic Abnormalities in Chinese Adults: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Yu Liping , Ye Xiaojun , Yang Zhaojun , Yang Wenying , Zhang Bo
Published: August 2020

Background: Electrocardiogram (ECG) is widely used to screen cardiac diseases. To date, no large population study has provided estimates of the prevalences of ECG findings in China. We aim to investigate the prevalences and associated factors of ECG abnormalities in a general population of Chinese adults. Methods: ECG data were obtained from 34,965 participants in the 2007-2008 China National Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Study. ECG abnormalities were classified according to the Minnesota coding (MC) criteria. Prevalences of variant ECG abnormalities were calculated. The associations between ECG abnormalities and gender, age and other risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression test. Results: The prevalences of major arrhythmias were 1.70%, 2.37% and 1.04% in the whole population, men and women, respectively. Atrial fibrillation/flutter was found in 0.35% of men and 0.20% of women. ST depression and T abnormalities accounted for 10.96%, 7.54% and 14.32% in the whole population, men and women, respectively. Independent of gender and other CVD risk factors, older age significantly increased the odds of having atrial fibrillation/flutter, complete left bundle branch block, complete right bundle branch block, sinus tachycardia, atrial/junctional/ventricular premature beats, ST depression and T abnormalities, tall R wave left, left/right atrial hypertrophy, left axis deviation and low voltage. Hypertension, overweight, obesity and hypercholesterolemia all independently increased the odds of having ST depression and T abnormalities. History of cardiovascular/cerebrovascular diseases was positively associated with major arrhythmias, ST depression and T abnormalities and tall R wave left. Conclusions: This study provides estimates of the prevalences of ECG findings in a large population of Chinese adults. Gender, age, CVD risk factors and history of cardiovascular/cerebrovascular diseases were significantly associated with ECG abnormalities.
Epidemiologic, Clinical, and Laboratory Findings of the COVID-19 in the current pandemic: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Xie Yewei , Wang Zaisheng , Liao Huipeng , Marley Gifty , Wu Dan , Tang Weiming
Published: August 2020

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the world deeply, with more than 3,000,000 people infected and nearly 200,000 deaths. This review aimed to summarize the epidemiologic traits, clinical spectrum, CT results and laboratory findings of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We scoped for relevant literatures published during 1 st Dec 2019 to 23 rd Apr 2020 based on four databases using English and Chinese languages. We reviewed and analyzed the relevant clinic outcomes of COVID-19. Results: The COVID-19 pandemic was found to have a higher transmission rate compared to SARS and MERS and involved 4 stages of evolution. The basic reproduction number (R 0 ) is 3.32 (95% CI:3.24-3.39), the incubation period was 5.24 days (95% CI:3.97-6.50, 5 studies) on average, and the average time for symptoms onset varied by countries. Common clinical spectrums identified included fever (38.1-39.0℃), cough and fatigue, with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) being the most common complication reported. Body temperatures above 39.0 ℃, dyspnea, and anorexia were more common symptoms in severe patients. Aged over 60 years old, having co-morbidities, and developing complications were the commonest high-risk factors associated with severe conditions. Leucopenia and lymphopenia were the most common signs of infection while liver and kidney damage were rare but may cause bad outcomes for patients. The bilateral, multifocal Ground-Glass Opacification (GGO) on peripheral, and the consolidative pulmonary opacity were the most frequent CT results and the tendency of mortality rates differed by region. Conclusions: We provided a bird’s-eye view of the COVID-19 during the current pandemic, which will help better understanding the key traits of the disease. The findings could be used for disease’s future research, control and prevention.
Insights on mental health when living with rheumatoid arthritis: A descriptive qualitative study of threads on the Reddit website
Authors: Park Jamie Yea Eun , Howren Alyssa M. , Davidson Eileen , De Vera Mary A
Published: August 2020

Background: Reddit is a highly visited social news and discussion website where individuals anonymously ask questions, post opinions and share experiences, which provide a valuable pool of publicly available data. Our objective was to systematically search and analyze threads on the social news website, Reddit, to understand experiences of individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) regarding their mental health. Methods: We conducted a patient-oriented descriptive qualitative study. We identified threads from two subreddits, “r/Thritis” and “r/Rheumatoid”, using keywords such as “mood”, “mental health”, “stressed”, “depressed”, “anxious” over a 1-year period between June 2018 and June 2019. For included threads, we extracted the title, original post, and corresponding comments and responses. We applied thematic analysis using an inductive approach. Results: Of 81 threads identified, we included 27. We identified four themes: 1) Navigating the management of RA explores how the physical impacts of the disease, lack of health resources/support and the complexity of medications affect mental health; 2) Experiencing impact on relationships and social isolation includes experiencing misconceptions of RA, feeling misunderstood and feeling guilt; 3) Experiencing loss, touches on the helplessness brought by challenges with performing self-defining activities such as self-care, work, and childbearing/parenting; and finally, 4) Experiencing emotional struggles captures how tension between fighting through and despair has led some to suicide ideation and thoughts of death.Conclusions: Online forums and communities such as Reddit have created opportunities for individuals with RA to share experiences on mental health matters, which they may not necessarily be able to share with others.