bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Equivariant Neural Networks Utilizing Molecular Clusters for Accurate Molecular Crystal Binding Energy Predictions
Authors: Gupta Ankur , Stulajter Miko , Shaidu Yusuf , Neaton Jeffrey , de Jong Wibe
Published: December 2023

Equivariant neural networks have emerged as prominent models in advancing the construction of interatomic potentials due to their remarkable data efficiency and generalization capabilities for out-of-distribution data. Here, we expand the utility of these networks to the prediction of crystal structures consisting of organic molecules. Traditional methods for computing crystal structure properties, such as plane-wave quantum chemical methods based on density functional theory (DFT), are prohibitively resource-intensive, often necessitating compromises in accuracy and the choice of exchange-correlation functional. We present an approach that leverages the efficiency, and transferability of equivariant neural networks, specifically Allegro, to predict molecular crystal structure energies at a reduced computational cost. Our neural network is trained on molecular clusters using a highly accurate Gaussian-type orbital (GTO)-based method as the target level of theory, eliminating the need for costly periodic DFT calculations, while providing access to all families of exchange-corelation functionals and post-Hartree Fock methods. The trained model exhibits remarkable accuracy in predicting binding energies, aligning closely with those computed by plane-wave based DFT methods, thus representing significant cost reductions. Furthermore, the Allegro network was seamlessly integrated with the USPEX framework, accelerating the discovery of low-energy crystal structures during crystal structure prediction.
The Kashmir Question
Authors: Kim Joshua
Published: December 2023

Kashmir has been a site of communal and international violence for the past decades ever since the decolonization of the Indian sub-continent in the late 1940s. Due to British colonial rule and subsequent religious tensions, the region has faced a complex situation, which has resulted in apolitical crisis. As a result of competition between three great nuclear powers —China, India, and Pakistan— Kashmiri voices for peace and sovereignty have been silenced and crushed with violent force by the Indian state. By exploring first the history of Kashmir from the British colonial era, and then the region’s alignments to surrounding powers, this essay explores the ways in which great power politics silences Kashmiri voices.
Interaction of Buddhism and Forestry Conservation in Bhutan
Authors: Duivenvoorden Eric
Published: December 2023

While much of the world has struggled to adequately respond to the climate crisis, Bhutan, a small state at the eastern edge of the Himalayas, has successfully applied an extensive forest conservation program. The Bhutanese constitution mandates the protection of 60% of the state’s forests in perpetuity, though conservation efforts over the last 20 years have led to their surpassing this goal by over 10%. Bhutan sequesters twice its annual carbon footprint, and climate change is considered both a key policy priority and a pressing concern in daily life. The interaction of Buddhist faith and ecosystem management in Bhutan has led to an unprecedented and globally unique degree of conservation.
changements climatiques comme enjeu de sécurité
Authors: Booghs Sarah
Published: December 2023

Au coeur des enjeux socio-politiques et des conflits régionaux, le Sahel est aujourd’hui confronté aux conséquences du changement climatique. Cet article explore l’intersection entre le changement climatique et deux types de conflits régionaux : les tensions agro-pastorales et les activités des organisations terroristes. En s’appuyant sur diverses études et rapports, l’analyse met en lumière le rôle exacerbant des facteurs climatiques dans les conflits préexistants, sans les considérer comme leur unique origine. Néanmoins, il souligne l’influence significative du changement climatique en tant que facteur aggravant, suggérant un impact important sur l’évolution future du Sahel.
EFECTO DE LA BENCINA DE PETRÓLEO, ETANOL Y ACETATO DE ETILO EN EXTRACCIÓN DE CAPSAICINA DE CAPSICUMS NAGA Y HABANERO
Authors: Arteaga Irene Yober Jenry
Published: December 2023

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el efecto de la bencina de petróleo, etanol, y acetato de etilo, en la extracción de capsaicina de los ajíes más picantes del mundo: Capsicum Naga (Capsicum chinense – frutenscens) y Capsicum Habanero (Capsicum chinense).
La investigación consistió en extraer oleorresinas Capsicum utilizando el método Soxhlet; luego haciendo uso de la cromatografía líquida de alta eficacia (HPLC) determinar los niveles de concentración de capsaicina en cada una de las oleorresinas; y aplicando métodos estadísticos como el análisis de varianza (ANOVA) determinar el efecto de los solventes en los niveles de concentración de capsaicina en las oleorresinas obtenidas. Como resultados de la investigación, el análisis HPLC, determinó que el acetato etilo obtiene la más alta concentración de capsaicina con 227,185 SHU, seguido del etanol que con 222,285 SHU y la bencina de petróleo con 176,640 SHU, todos estos resultados en combinación con el Capsicum Naga. El análisis del porcentaje de recuperación de capsaicina (%RC) determinó que el etanol es el solvente que extrae más capsaicina con un %RC equivalente a 52.40%, seguido del acetato de etilo con un %RC igual a 42.26%, ambos en combinación con el Capsicum Naga.
En conclusión, el solvente que extrae la mayor cantidad de capsaicina es el etanol, y el solvente que extrae la capsaicina con el más alto grado de pureza es el acetato de etilo.
Research of the computer model of the web service for testing knowledge
Authors: Artiuh Aleksey , Maksimenko Vladislav , Tolstoluzskaya Elena
Published: December 2023

Testing is widely used as one of the methods of monitoring students' assimilation of knowledge and has a number of certain advantages over traditional methods of assessment. At schools and universities, tests can be used for monitoring and evaluate students' behavior, psyche, career guidance, or motivation. For a long time, paper tests have been used by educational institutions and private companies to assess student or employee performance. State exams and contests often include a multiple-choice test. Conducting such tests requires preparing a location for the test, spending time on checking and notifying students. Currently, there are a large number of different ways to monitor and evaluate knowledge. A tool for measuring a student's achievements is a properly designed test that corresponds not only to the subject of study, but also to its tasks and serves to develop a systematic approach to studying the discipline. Testing in educational institutions is used as a means of objective control of students' knowledge of the curriculum. Systematic monitoring of students' level of knowledge, on the one hand, determines the student's academic performance, and on the other hand, it is an indicator of the effectiveness of teaching methods and organization of the educational process. The inclusion of various forms of test tasks in the learning process motivates students to step up work on mastering educational material and forms a desire to develop their abilities. Comparing the testing performed with the help of paper questionnaires and online testing, it is obvious that online testing is much more effective.

The computer models of web-based knowledge verification services have been investigated in this paper by using methods of statistical and computer modeling. The research of knowledge control methods has been carried out and it has been shown that the time required to create a test and analyze the results in the perspective system could be minimized by using the modern technologies in the field of web development. The choice of the system architecture and a specific set of technologies depends on the requirement of maximizing speed of the system-user interaction. The analytical component of the system should answer the users’ most popular questions concerning the test results. The results obtained provide the main characteristics for creating a computer model of a web service for testing knowledge.
The Basas Spanish Squat: Superimposition of Electrical Stimulation to Optimize Patellar Tendon Strain: A Case Series
Authors: Basas Carlos , Ito Naoaki , Grävare Silbernagel Karin , Reyes-Gil Fernando , Basas Ángel
Published: December 2023

Background

The Basas Spanish Squat with electrical stimulation (E-stim) has shown promising results as a potential key exercise in treatment of athletes with patellar tendinopathy. Gold standard exercise therapy for tendon injuries consists of tendon loading exercises, or exercises that appropriately applies high levels of mechanical strain to the tendon. The theoretical pathway in which the Basas Spanish Squat with E-stim improves tendinopathy has been speculated to be the additional strain applied through the patellar tendon during superimposition of E-stim. This theory, however, has yet to be confirmed.

Purpose

The purpose of this case series was to compare patellar tendon strain, during the Basas Spanish Squat with, and without E-stim, and open kinetic chain knee extension.

Methods

Four healthy participants performed the three exercises while a physical therapist collected simultaneous unilateral ultrasound images from the patellar tendon. Strain was calculated as the change in patellar tendon length during contraction divided by the resting length.

Results

Amongst all participants, patellar tendon strain was smallest during the Basas Spanish Squat without E-stim, followed by the open kinetic chain knee extension at 60% maximum voluntary isometric contraction. The Basas Spanish Squat with E-stim yielded approximately double or more strain compared to the without E-stim condition and demonstrated higher level of strain compared to open kinetic chain knee extension in all participants.

Conclusion

The findings reflect a clear trend of increased strain through the patellar tendon when E-stim was superimposed. The results support the theory that the Basas Spanish Squat with E-stim increases patellar tendon strain and could explain the reported clinical benefits in individuals with patellar tendinopathy.

Level of Evidence

4, Case series
Comparative analysis for survival prediction from titanic disaster using machine learning
Authors: Anjani Suputri Devi D. , Manjusha D. , Pujith P. , G. V. Satyanarayana Ch. , Sailusha V. , Vivekananda Reddy G.
Published: December 2023

Among the most notorious shipwrecks in history is the Titanic. Out of the 2,224 passengers and crew, 1,502 perished when the Titanic sank on April 15, 1912, during her maiden voyage, following an iceberg collision. Ship safety laws have improved as a result of this dramatic disaster that stunned the world. Scientists and investigators are beginning to understand what could have caused some passengers to survive while others perished in the Titanic catastrophe. A contributing factor in the high death toll from the shipwreck was the insufficient number of lifeboats available for both passengers and the crew. An intriguing finding from the sinking is that certain individuals, such as women and children, had a higher chance of surviving than others. Since the accident, new regulations were drafted mandating that the number of lifeboats match the number of passenger seats. Numerous machine learning techniques were used to forecast the passengers' survival rate. Preprocessing and data cleaning are essential measures to reduce bias. In this paper, decision trees and random forests, two machine learning techniques, are used to determine the probability of passenger survival. The primary goal of this work is to distinguish between the two distinct machine learning algorithms to analyze traveler survival rates based on accuracy. Machine learning technologies are utilized to forecast which passengers would survive the accident. The highest accuracy achieved is 81.10% for Gradient Boost Trees.
A LENTE DE SMITH: EDUCAÇÃO E O FLORESCER DA SOCIEDADE
Authors: Detoni Otávio Florentino
Published: December 2023

O estudo tem como propósito abordar a temática da educação sob a perspectiva do renomado economista, filósofo e reformador social, Adam Smith. O texto se divide em três partes centrais. Na primeira parte, busca-se explorar a questão da educação através da ótica filosófica presente na obra de Smith, a qual se fundamenta na discussão acerca da importância da experiência da educação para o aprendizado de bons sentimentos morais como elementos essenciais para o desenvolvimento tanto individual quanto da sociedade. Por sua vez, a segunda parte enfoca as discussões econômicas de Smith em relação a temas como a relevância da educação, sua provisão adequada e formas ideais de financiamento do ensino. A terceira seção elenca as principais políticas educacionais realizadas no Brasil ao longo do início do século XXI e traça uma avaliação destas pela ótica smithiana. O objetivo é tratar a dimensão da educação de forma abrangente, assim como o próprio Smith o fez, e, com base em suas contribuições, considerar e avaliar seus aspectos interligados a fundamentos sociais e econômicos.
IDENTIDADE, MOTIVAÇÃO E AUTONOMIA NA RESIDÊNCIA DOCENTE EM LÍNGUA ESTRANGEIRA/ADICIONAL: REFLETINDO SOBRE DISCURSOS E PRÁTICAS DO "SER PROFESSOR DE INGLÊS" EM ESCOLA PÚBLICA
Authors: Chaves Luiza Santana , Aleme Raika Luana
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo empreende uma análise crítico-reflexiva sobre a identidade docente, o fator motivacional e a construção da autonomia do professor de inglês de escola pública a partir dos relatos dos professores-cursistas da Pós-Graduação Lato Sensu Residência Docente para Formação de Educadores da Educação Básica do Centro Pedagógico da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Partimos da hipótese de que professores autônomos e motivados contribuem de forma mais significativa para a formação de estudantes igualmente imbuídos de motivação e autonomia no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de língua inglesa. Dessa forma, a partir dos relatos desses docentes, professores da Rede Municipal de Belo Horizonte, buscamos reconhecer elementos que lançam um olhar significativo e relevante sobre a identidade, a motivação e a autonomia dos docentes diante dos momentos de formação continuada e dos momentos do exercício docente. Esses elementos foram coletados na reflexão memorialística sobre o percurso formativo, no planejamento e na elaboração do projeto de ação e na observação da trajetória desafiadora de construção do perfil de professor-pesquisador na área de inglês para crianças e adolescentes em escolas públicas.
The Impact of Organizational Performance and Local Competition on Organizational Deviation: Focusing on the Korean Hotel Industry
Authors:   Korean Academy Of Management, Kim Doyoon , Lim Soobin
Published: December 2023

Organizational deviation that does not conform to institutional norms has
long been discussed as necessary in organization studies. Discourses such
as the neo-institutional legitimacy discourse and organizational learning theory's
imitative learning discuss why organizations become similar and conformity.
On the other hand, it describes variation and deviation behavior from the
perspective of organizational and evolutionary theory. Based on the theoretical
discourse on organizational status and organizational ecology, this study explores
differentiated behaviors according to organizational status and the ecological
factors that regulate them. To this end, the Korean hotel industry
data from 2012 to 2021 was used to empirically analyze the effects of factors
such as position in the organizational group and local competition on organizational
deviance. The times series logistic regression analysis non-request for
hotel rating review, that is, deviation from regulations as a dependent variable,
resulted in the nonlinear effect of status within the organization group and
the control of local competition based on accessibility. It was confirmed that
all hypotheses predicting the effect were significantly supported. The results
of this study provide theoretical implications that market status and localized
competition may affect conformity to and deviation from institutional norms
such as government laws, in addition to internal characteristics of organizations
suggested by previous studies. In addition, we paid attention to the differentiated
motivation, behavior, and differentiated impact of ‘middleness’ level organizational
characteristics, which have not been discussed much theoretically or
empirically, and explored the non-linear impact of middle-level characteristics.
It has practical implications in that it reminds policymakers and practitioners
of organizations that compete based on region and accessibility to the importance
of localized competition.
Relative vaccine effectiveness of mRNA COVID-19 boosters in people aged at least 75 years during the spring-summer (monovalent vaccine) and autumn-winter (bivalent vaccine) booster campaigns: a prospective test negative case–control study, United Kingdom, 2022
Authors: Chatzilena Anastasia , Hyams Catherine , Challen Rob , Marlow Robin , King Jade , Adegbite David , Kinney Jane , Clout Madeleine , Maskell Nick , Oliver Jennifer , Finn Adam , Danon Leon ,   on behalf of The Avon CAP Research Group
Published: December 2023

Background

Understanding the relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) of new COVID-19 vaccine formulations against SARS-CoV-2 infection is a public health priority. A precise analysis of the rVE of monovalent and bivalent boosters given during the 2022 spring-summer and autumn-winter campaigns, respectively, in a defined population remains of interest.

Aim

We assessed rVE against hospitalisation for the spring-summer (fourth vs third monovalent mRNA vaccine doses) and autumn-winter (fifth BA.1/ancestral bivalent vs fourth monovalent mRNA vaccine dose) boosters.

Methods

We performed a prospective single-centre test-negative design case–control study in ≥ 75-year-old people hospitalised with COVID-19 or other acute respiratory disease. We conducted regression analyses controlling for age, sex, socioeconomic status, patient comorbidities, community SARS-CoV-2 prevalence, vaccine brand and time between baseline dose and hospitalisation.

Results

We included 682 controls and 182 cases in the spring-summer booster analysis and 572 controls and 152 cases in the autumn-winter booster analysis. A monovalent mRNA COVID-19 vaccine as fourth dose showed 46.6% rVE (95% confidence interval (CI): 13.9–67.1) vs those not fully boosted. A bivalent mRNA COVID-19 vaccine as fifth dose had 46.7% rVE (95% CI: 18.0–65.1), compared with a fourth monovalent mRNA COVID-19 vaccine dose.

Conclusions

Both fourth monovalent and fifth BA.1/ancestral mRNA bivalent COVID-19 vaccine doses demonstrated benefit as a booster in older adults. Bivalent mRNA boosters offered similar protection against hospitalisation with Omicron infection to monovalent mRNA boosters given earlier in the year. These findings support immunisation programmes in several European countries that advised the use of BA.1/ancestral bivalent booster doses.
Transition from physical to virtual journal club.
Authors: Faaiz Ali Shah  , Khalid Mahmood Qureshi  , Ayesha Saeed
Published: December 2023

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of Orthopaedic virtual journal club started during COVID-19 pandemic. Study Design: Descriptive Cross sectional. Setting: Orthopaedic & Traumatology Division Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar, Pakistan. Period: 6th February 2021 to 6th June 2023. Material & Methods: We selected one original article which was published in Journal of Pakistan Orthopaedic Association (JPOA).The author of that article would present it in synchronous virtual journal club (VJC) on Zoom. Orthopaedic residents from all over Pakistan attended the VJC. All the residents provided feedback (on 5 point Likert scale) by answering 11 questions related to various aspects of their learning experiences which were analyzed to measure the effectiveness of VJC. Results: We conducted 12 VJC on various topics. The total number of post graduate residence who attended these VJC were 380. Final year residents were more likely to attend VJC than first year residents (p=0.02). After 12 VJC the mean resident participation was 42±1.2. We received the feedback forms of 344(90.52%) residents. The VJC was extremely convenient to vast majority (86.62%, n=298) of residents. The VJC was perceived very effective and extremely valuable by 90.11% (n=310) and 84.59% (n=291) residents respectively. Majority (90.11%, n=310) of our residents strongly agreed that VJC provided them more understanding of writing an original article. Conclusion: Our transition from physical to virtual journal club was very fruitful. Virtual Journal club was an extremely convenient, very effective and extremely valuable form of distant learning. Knowledge, attitude and skills of the residents were improved which support them in their delivery of patient care and improved patient clinical outcome. The VJC provided the residents more understanding of writing an original article.
Association of clopidogrel resistance with ethnicity in Pakistan.
Authors: Usman Nawaz  , Mudassar Noor  , Ali Faheem  , Tariq Hussain  , Rizwan Masud  , Zeeshan Anwar
Published: December 2023

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess relationship between clopidogrel resistance and different ethnicities in Pakistan. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Army Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Pakistan. Period: 2015 to 2019. Material & Methods: Included 390 ischemic heart disease (IHD) patients on clopidogrel therapy belonging to different ethnicities in Pakistan. Their platelet aggregation was assessed through light transmission aggregometry and the patients were divided into clopidogrel responder and clopidogrel resistant groups. Chi square analysis was done to assess difference in clopidogrel resistance among different ethnicities. One-way ANOVA was applied to assess difference in mean platelet aggregation among different ethnic groups. Results: This study has demonstrated that there was no significant difference in clopidogrel resistance among ischemic heart disease patients belonging to different ethnic groups of Pakistan, p = 0.566. Mean platelet aggregation of all the ethnic groups was also similar, p = 0.330. Conclusion: There is no association of clopidogrel resistance with ethnicity in Pakistan.
ATENÇÃO À SAÚDE DA MULHER PARA REDUÇÃO DA MORTE MATERNA
Authors: Figueira Simone Aguiar da Silva , Freitas Jofre Jacob da Silva , Ferreira Ilma Pastana
Published: December 2023

Prezados leitores, esta obra é um produto tecnológico criado a partir do projeto de Doutorado intitulado: O ensino em saúde da mulher na graduação em enfermagem: uma proposta de criação e validação de tecnologia educacional no formato de curso com foco na redução da mortalidade materna. A construção de uma tecnologia educacional mostrou-se fundamental para a compreensão da saúde da mulher, principalmente, no que tange a redução da morte materna, visto que esse tipo de tecnologia desempenha um papel fundamental na área da saúde, uma vez que auxilia na melhoria da qualidade do ensino, assim como no aprimoramento da formação profissional e na adesão e capacitação de novos usuários de saúde.
A redução da taxa de mortalidade materna é um dos principais objetivos da saúde global, e é considerada um indicador importante da qualidade dos cuidados de saúde materna em um determinado país ou região. Existem várias causas possíveis de morte materna, e muitas delas são evitáveis com a devida atenção em saúde e cuidados durante a gravidez e o parto. Ademais, a prevenção da mortalidade materna envolve a melhoria do acesso a cuidados de saúde adequados, educação sobre saúde materna, planejamento familiar, nutrição adequada durante a gravidez e o parto e cuidados em saúde de qualidade.
A Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) e o Fundo das Nações Unidas para a Infância (UNICEF), estão empenhadas em reduzir a mortalidade materna em todo o mundo por meio de iniciativas e programas direcionados. Nesse cenário, o desenvolvimento desta tecnologia se dá em virtude da necessidade de fortalecimento, desde a graduação em enfermagem, de iniciativas práticas de redução dos fatores de vulnerabilidade ligados a morte de uma mulher durante a gravidez, o parto ou dentro de 42 dias após o término da gravidez, independentemente da duração da gravidez, devido a causas relacionadas à gestação ou suas complicações.
Dessa forma, destaca-se que o objetivo deste material é ser utilizado como fonte norteadora, para auxiliar alunos de graduação em enfermagem, acerca do risco gestacional na atenção básica, da consulta de enfermagem no pré-natal, além das síndromes hemorrágicas na gestação e das síndromes hipertensivas na gravidez e suas vulnerabilidades, assim como as infecções puerperais, o abortamento, a mortalidade materna e a vigilância do óbito materno. Portanto, espera-se que este produto possa contribuir para o ensino em saúde na graduação de acadêmicos de enfermagem e fortaleça a grade curricular das instituições que ele for inserido.
INFECÇÕES PUERPERAIS
Authors: Figueira Simone Aguiar da Silva , Freitas Jofre Jacob da Silva , Ferreira Ilma Pastana , Costa Juliane Nascimento , Cordeiro Juliana Cardoso , Carvalho Rafaela de Sousa Santos
Published: December 2023

Sem!
ABORTAMENTO
Authors: Figueira Simone Aguiar da Silva , Freitas Jofre Jacob da Silva , Ferreira Ilma Pastana , Sousa Ana Zélia Silva Fernandes de , Rodrigues Diego Pereira
Published: December 2023

Sem!
VIGILÂNCIA DO ÓBITO MATERNO
Authors: Figueira Simone Aguiar da Silva , Freitas Jofre Jacob da Silva , Ferreira Ilma Pastana , Ferreira Matheus da Silva , Amorin Samuel Oliveira de , Junott Ragner Borgia
Published: December 2023

Sem!
Klasifikasi Penyakit Tanaman Bawang Merah Menggunakan Metode SVM dan CNN
Authors: Zalvadila Alya
Published: December 2023

Shallots are one of the most widely produced crops in Enrekang Regency. The obstacle in cultivation is the presence of disease in the plant which can reduce production yields. We can recognize this disease from the spots on the leaves because these spots have unique color and texture characteristics. The aim of this research is to determine the results of the classification of shallot plant diseases which focuses on purple spot and moler disease. The classification algorithms used are CNN and SVM with RBF, linear, sigmoid and polynomial kernels. The feature extraction method used is Gray Level Co-occurance Matrix (GLCM). The analysis was carried out using 320 datasets with 2 classes, namely, purple spot disease and moler disease, each class has 160 datasets. The test results show that the CNN and SVM methods with RBF, linear and polynomial kernels get accuracy, precision, recall and F1 scores of 100% respectively. Meanwhile, the SVM method on the sigmoid kernel using texture feature extraction with the GLCM method states that the accuracy value is 75%, precision 75%, recall 73% and F1-Score 74%. So these results state that the Sigmoid method using GLCM feature extraction has the lowest value among other methods
Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Diet untuk Ibu Menyusui Pasca Persalinan dengan Algoritma Mifflin-St Jeor
Authors: Wiryonoputro Tinara Nathania , Saputri Theresia Ratih Dewi
Published: December 2023

Pregnancy is a significant and transformative period for women, both physically and emotionally. During this time, it is crucial for expectant mothers to prioritize their own health and well-being to create a healthy environment for their growing baby. One of the physical changes that many breastfeeding mothers experience after childbirth is weight gain. Factors contributing to this include increased caloric needs, lack of sleep, reduced physical activity, and feelings of stress and fatigue due to caring for a newborn. Maintaining a healthy weight is vital to reduce the risk of various health issues and ensure the quality of breast milk for the baby. However, it is important to note that mothers should not engage in strict dieting during the postpartum period, or the puerperium, which lasts up to 40 days after delivery. During this time, mothers should gradually resume normal activities and movement. To support breastfeeding mothers in maintaining their health after childbirth, a structured and monitored approach that provides tailored information according to each stage of development is necessary. The Laav application, available for iOS, is designed to calculate and record the caloric intake of breastfeeding mothers, helping them achieve proper nutrition while maintaining an ideal weight. The application is built using the User-Centered Design (UCD) methodology and uses the Mifflin-St Jeor algorithm to calculate calories. The application is programmed in SwiftUI, a language optimized for the iOS platform
Structural and Magnetic Properties of MnxZn1-xFe2O4 Prepared via Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Ali Nawras Kareem , Muslim Zainab Raheem
Published: December 2023

Manganese-zinc ferrite MnxZn1-xFe2O4 (MnZnF) powder was prepared using the sol-gel method. The morphological, structural, and magnetic properties of MnZnF powder were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), field emission-scanning electron microscopes (FE-SEM), and vibrating sample magnetometers (VSM). The XRD results showed that the MnxZn1-xFe2O4 that was formed had a trigonal crystalline structure. AFM results showed that the average diameter of Manganese-Zinc Ferrite is 55.35 nm, indicating that the sample has a nanostructure dimension. The EDX spectrum revealed the presence of transition metals (Mn, Fe, Zn, and O) in Manganese-Zinc Ferrite. The FE-SEM results of MnZnF showed uniform spherical structures. VSM was used to study the change in magnetization, the saturation magnetization, (Ms) value of the samples. The measurement of VSM indicated that the MnZnF exhibits ferromagnetic behavior with coercivity Hc (0.0014 Gauss), remanent magnetization (Mr) (0.202 emu/gr), and saturation magnetization Ms (2.69 emu/g).
Gelas Kaca Sebagai Simbol Karakter Wanita Dalam Penciptaan Karya Seni Lukis
Authors: Maryani Yusri , Chandra Dio Pamola
Published: December 2023

Abstrak Latar belakang penciptaan karya seni lukis terinspirasi dari gelas kaca dengan tampilannya yang menjadi objek simbolik menyimbolkan tentang karakter wanita. Tema yang dipilih berdasarkan pengalaman pribadi dan posisi penulis sebagai seorang wanita. Gelas kaca merupakan benda yang sangat umum ditemukan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Kemudian, penulis ingin lebih tau hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan wanita baik yang bersifat pribadi maupun fenomena secara umum. Konsep dalam penciptaan karya ini, gelas kaca dipadukan dengan objek-objek penunjang lainnya yang identik dengan wanita dan diharapkan dapat mewakili fenomena-fenomena yang berkaitan dengan karakter-karakter wanita. Tujuan dari Tugas Akhir penciptaan karya seni lukis ini yaitu untuk mengidentifikasi karakter-karakter khas yang terdapat pada wanita dan memvisualisasikan gelas kaca sebagai simbol karakter wanita dalam penciptaan karya lukis, dengan mnciptakan metafora baru. Metode dalam penciptaan karya ini yaitu menggunakan metode eksplorasi yang terdiri dari; eksplorasi ide, eksplorasi konsep, eksplorasi bentuk, eksplorasi media, eksplorasi teknik, eksplorasi estetik serta analisis data yang menghasilkan data primer dan sekunder. Penelitian ini menghasilkan 8 karya dengan judul; Sumber Rasa, Disanjung, Moment, Rentan, Pearl, Cheers, Touch Up, dan Ini Bukan Gelas Kaca. Abstract The background for creating works of art is inspired by glass glasses whose appearance is a symbolic object symbolizing the character of women. The themes chosen are based on personal experience and the author's position as a woman. Glass cups are objects that are very commonly found in everyday life. Then, the author wants to know more about things related to women, both personal and general phenomena. The concept in creating this work is that glass glasses are combined with other supporting objects that are synonymous with women and are expected to represent phenomena related to female characters. The aim of the final assignment to create a work of painting is to identify the typical characters found in women and visualize glass as a symbol of female character in the creation of a work of painting, by creating a new metaphor. The method in creating this work is to use an exploration method consisting of; idea exploration, concept exploration, form exploration, media exploration, technical exploration, aesthetic exploration and data analysis which produces primary and secondary data. This research produced 8 works with the title; Source of Taste, Flattered, Moment, Vulnerable, Pearl, Cheers, Touch Up, and This Is Not a Glass Cup.
A case study on regional arsenic sources and its distribution in Mekong River groundwater
Authors: Seah Kah Yee , Souliyavong Thipphachanh , Lorbriayao Bounphak , Phan Kongkea , Kim Kyoung-Woong
Published: December 2023

Arsenic contamination in the Mekong River is a well-known environmental issue yet to be resolved due to its transboundary nature which further limits its access and data collection. Other than that, the key mechanisms that controlling the arsenic release in Mekong sub-region groundwater was heterogeneously distributed and can be varied from region to region. The main purpose of this project is to identify the regional arsenic contamination levels in the hope of helping the government integrate regional groundwater arsenic risk reduction policy in their near future planning. Sampling was conducted during May and August 2022 in Cambodia and Laos, respectively. The findings revealed that the topography of certain areas in Cambodia has exposed significantly high concentrations of arsenic in groundwater compared to those in Laos. About 33% of the sampling sites in Cambodia had shown a high arsenic contamination (> 10 µg/L, WHO guideline) with its concentration ranging from 47.7 ± 0.8 to 696.9 ± 5.6 ppb. The physicochemical properties revealed that the arsenic controlling mechanisms were totally different between both study area. More regional and site-specific arsenic contamination research related to climate change and arsenic hydrology at regional levels should be carried out to ensure the water safety plan in specific regions. Further, we believe that the findings of this study will be beneficial to policy and regional water safety plans for the Mekong River, especially in Cambodia.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GRK4 POLYMORPHISMS AND ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION. A STUDY IN A GROUP OF TURKISH SUBJECTS
Authors: YILDIZ Hale , KAN Beki , ORUN Oya , NACAR Cevdet , DOĞAN Yüksel , GÜNEYSEL Özlem , CABADAK Hulya
Published: December 2023

Background/Purpose:

G protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK4) is associated with essential hypertension (EHT). GRK4 regulates sodium balance in the proximal tubules of the kidney. In this study, the possible roles of A142V and A486V polymorphisms in the development of hypertension were investigated in a Turkish population.

Methods: Genomic DNA was obtained from white blood cells using the standard DNA isolation kit (Roche). Genotypes of variants of GRK4 were determined by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) - Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis.

Results: In this study, GRKA142V and A486V polymorphisms were found to be associated with EHT in the Turkish population (P
Abnormal Liver Function and Blood Coagulation Function of Coronavirus Disease 2019-Infected Pregnant Women
Authors: Sun Wenping , Zhang Jing , Liu Hongmei
Published: December 2023

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been found worldwide since its first outbreak in December 2019. Methods: This study investigated 347 pregnant women at approximately 39 weeks’ gestation from December 2022 to January 2023, which was divided into two groups: COVID-19 positive group (COVID-19) and COVID-19 negative group (Control). We analyzed blood parameters, liver function, and coagulation parameters of pregnant women with COVID-19 infection and in the Control group. Finally, we divided pregnant women with COVID-19 into two subgroups: No medication (n = 117) and Paracetamol treatment (n = 47), and analyzed effects of paracetamol treatment on the liver and blood coagulation function in COVID-19 infected pregnant women. Results: The alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), serum total bilirubin (TBIL), total bile acid (TBA), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were significantly higher in pregnant women with COVID-19 than that of the control group. Elevated D-dimer, prolonged prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and low levels of fibrinogen (Fib) were observed in patients with COVID-19. There were no significant differences in the liver function between the drug treatment group and no medication group. Conclusions: COVID-19 caused abnormal liver function and blood coagulation function in pregnant women.
Pregnancy and Urban Environment (PRUNE) Cohort Profile and Built Environment in Infertile Couples
Authors: Gwak Eunseon , Kim Taemi , Bolormaa Erdenetuya , Park Hyun Tae , Choe Seung-Ah , Kim Jee Hyun
Published: December 2023

Background: Addressing the association between the perceived physical environment and human fertility is necessary to understand the impact of the built environment on reproductive health and develop effective interventions to improve human fertility. We assessed the association between perceived built environment and pregnancy in infertility patients. Methods: We constructed a prospective cohort study (Pregnancy and Urban Environment, PRUNE) recruiting 778 eligible infertility patients who visited one of the two university-affiliated infertility centers for infertility treatment between 2019 and 2022. Using a mobile survey, we collected the information of demographic, clinical characteristics, residential address, perceived proximity to neighborhood green and blue space, and environmental noise. Adjusted risk ratios (aRR) were calculated for the achievement of pregnancy within three months of survey participation. Results: In the 728 infertility patients, 445 completed the second round of survey. Median age of women and men was 39 and 40 years, respectively. Most reported they have green (91%) and blue space (67%) within a 10-min walking distance. A fourth of patients (26%) had an annoying environmental noise. Probability of pregnancy within three months was higher for those who had green space within walking distance (aRR = 1.18, 95% confidence interval: 1.06, 1.32). The association with pregnancy was close null for blue space and annoying environmental noise. The aRR for women and for men was comparable (p for interaction = 0.875). Conclusions: We observed a positive association between living close to green space and pregnancy. This finding would provide evidence of the potential impact of built environment on human fecundity in infertility couples. Clinical Trial Registration: This study is registered in the Clinical Research Information Service (https://cris.nih.go.kr, CRIS number: KCT0003560).
Baseball Suture versus Traditional Suture in Laparoscopic Myomectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Jiang Tong , Xue Xiuzhen
Published: December 2023

Background: Uterine myoma, which seriously threatens women’s physical and mental health and quality of life, is the most common benign pelvic tumor in gynecology. At present, laparoscopic myomectomy (LM) has become an effective and commonly surgical method in clinical practice. The aim of this study, using meta-analysis method, is to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of baseball suture comparing with traditional one, and provide a theoretical basis for the selection of surgical suture methods. Methods: CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP, PubMed, web of science and the Cochrane Library are searched to collect original data and cases. Two researchers independently screen the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extract the data and cross check them. Then RevMan 5.4 and STATA 14 are used for statistical analysis. The difference is statistically significant (p < 0.05). Results: Compared with the traditional suture method, the operation time of LM with baseball suture method is shorter, the amount of intraoperative bleeding is less, the time required for postoperative exhaust, first getting out of bed, hospitalization, and uterine incision suture is shorter, the incidence of needle eye bleeding is lower, the decline of average hemoglobin is lower, and the incidence of pelvic infection is lower, while the difference is statistically significant (p < 0.05). The incidence of postoperative morbidity is lower, while the difference is not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Baseball suture has progressiveness and important value in LM surgical suture. The hemostasis and healing effect is ideal, which can enable patients to recover more quickly, reduce the pain and economic burden caused by the operation, and also enable surgeons to complete the operation more conveniently and efficiently. The protocol of the review was registered on the PROSPERO platform (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/) with the registration number CRD42022370262.
Serum Pentaxin 3 (PTX3) Promotes NLRP3 Inflammasome and Pyroptosis in Patients with Up-Regulated Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Li Yao , Wang Shuhui , Liu Yunpeng , Zhang Yongbo
Published: December 2023

Background: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoantibodies-mediated autoimmune disease with the complications of neuromuscular junction transmission. In this study, we aimed to investigate the molecular regulatory roles of pentaxin 3 (PTX3) in patients and in animal model with MG and to explore its underlying mechanism. Methods: Patients with MG were identified and enrolled at our designated hospital and animal model was utilized for the proposed study. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit were used to quantify the IL-1β, IL-6, INF-γ, IL-17, TNF-α, anti-TAChR IgG/IgG1/IgG2b/IgG2c levels. Results: Serum PTX3 expression level in patients with MG was up-regulated as compared to normal. Furthermore, we found increased expression level of mRNA and protein product of PTX3 in the mice with MG. PTX3 promoted inflammation, pyroptosis in patients as well as in the MG mouse model. In addition, PTX3 induced the STAT3/NLRP3 inflammasome and promoted gene synthesis of STAT3. We found that METTL3-mediated m6A modification decreases PTX3 stability. Conclusions: Our study suggests that the PTX3 is associated with the enhancement of inflammation and pyroptosis through regulating the STAT3/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway at the early stage of the disease. The pro-inflammatory PTX3 facilitates the development of MG and it can be used as a potantial MG-associated diagnostic biomarker for MG.
Gentiana Scabra Bge Extract (GSE) Protects Against Alcoholic Liver Disease by Regulating the TLR4/NF-κB Pathway in Mice
Authors: Wang Lijuan , Jiang Yuxin , Yu Qian , Xiao Chunping , Sun Jin , Weng Lili , Qiu Ye
Published: December 2023

Background: Alcohol abuse leads to alcoholic liver disease (ALD), for which no effective treatment is yet known. Gentiana Scabra Bge is a traditional Chinese medicine; its extract has a significant liver protection effect, but its effects on the mechanism of improving alcohol-induced toxicity remain unclear. Therefore, this study used cell and mouse models to investigate how Gentiana Scabra Bge extract (GSE) might affect the TLT4/NF-κB inflammation pathway in ALD. Methods: In mice, we induced the alcoholic liver injury model by applying alcohol and induced the inflammatory cell model by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophages. Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and interleukin 1β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were measured in liver tissue; we also performed histological analysis of liver tissue sections to assess the hepatoprotective effect of GSE on alcohol. Using real-time fluorescence quantification, we determined the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) mRNA levels; we used Western blotting to detect the expression of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway-related proteins. Results: We demonstrate that GSE decreased AST and ALT activity, ameliorated liver dysfunction, decreased cytokine levels, and reduced LPS-induced cellular inflammation. In addition, GSE protected mouse liver cells from the inflammatory response by reducing alcohol-induced liver pathological damage and downregulating genes and proteins such as nuclear factors. Conclusions: GSE can attenuate liver injury in mice through the TLR4/NF-κB pathway by inhibiting the activation of nuclear factors.
Predictive Value of the CT-Based Visceral Adiposity Tissue Index and Triglyceride–Glucose Index on New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation after Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft: Analyses from a Longitudinal Study
Authors: Peng Zhan , Zhao Rui , Yang Yunxiao , Hua Kun , Yang Xiubin
Published: December 2023

Background: The visceral-adiposity-tissue index (VATI) and the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index were found to be correlated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. However, data concerning the association between the visceral adiposity/TyG indexes and the complication of new-onset postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF), especially in patients who had just undergone off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG), are rare. We explored the predictive value of the computed-tomography-based VATI and the TyG index on new-onset POAF after OPCABG. Methods: This study used longitudinal data from the cohort of 542 participants who underwent OPCABG in Beijing Anzhen Hospital since June 2017. The predictive relevance of the VATI and TyG index were evaluated through Cox proportional hazards models and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The dose‒response relationship of the VATI and TyG index with new-onset POAF was analyzed by multiple-adjusted spline regression models, and sensitivity analysis was used to explore the stability of our findings. Results: The analysis found that the highest tertile of VATI [hazard ratio (HR) 2.58, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.12–3.45; p = 0.01] and TyG index (HR 2.88, 95% CI 1.76–4.71; p = 0.01) were significantly associated with new-onset POAF compared to the lowest tertile after full adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, c-reactive protein levels, diabetes, emergency operation, New York Heart Association (NYHA) III–IV, and left atrial diameter. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.897 (p < 0.001) and 0.878 (p < 0.001) for the VATI and TyG index, respectively. In addition, the multiple-adjusted spline regression models showed a nonlinear relationship between new-onset POAF and VATI and TyG index (p for nonlinearity <0.001). Sensitivity analyses confirmed that the results were similar for most tertiles. Conclusions: The VATI and TyG index were significantly associated with an increased risk for the development of new-onset POAF after OPCABG. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT03729531, https://beta.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03729531.