bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POLYGAMY AGAINST MORAL OR AGAINST LAW? A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN BRAZILIAN LAW AND ISLAMIC LAW
Authors: Mendonça Bertotti Bárbara , Gruendling Juruena Cynthia , A. 'Arafa Mohamed
Published: December 2021

This article aims to investigate in a different way the concomitant relations of conjugality - here from the moment it is formalized matrimonialized as to its conformation as a situation of fact, not Authorized and not Islamic Law. The Brazilian and Islamic legal systems admit and protect polygamous relationships? The conclusion is that the right of reply is the right of police expression manifested in polygamy. In Brazil, the laws are not of the world of facts, being inclusive, in some cases, those of the right to the right, but there is still a strong tendency to legalize the legalization of polygamy, for strictly moral/religious reasons. Thus, contrary to common sense, it may be said that the Muslim is more monogamous than the Brazilian is. Still, it can be affirmed that, although Brazil declares itself secular, in practice there is no demarcated separation between State and religion. The Islamic communism is the rights of human religion. Paradoxically, would Brazil then be cloaked in the veil of Islam? The methodology used is exploratory, from a comparative perspective, taking the necessary precautions to differentiate between the two systems.
A DESCONSTRUÇÃO DO MITO DA DEMOCRACIA RACIAL E O RACISMO ESTRUTURAL NO BRASIL: EDUCAÇÃO E TRANSFORMAÇÃO SOCIAL
Authors: Nunes Danilo Henrique , Lehfeld Lucas Souza , Netto Carlos Eduardo Montes
Published: December 2021

O mito da democracia racial consiste em uma teoria inconsistente a partir da qual era identificado que no Brasil e em certos países da América Latina, indivíduos marginalizados como indígenas e negros viviam em condição de plena igualdade com os brancos, em um contexto amplamente distinto da realidade estimulada pelo colonialismo e pelo racismo enraizado na sociedade brasileira. O presente artigo científico busca desconstruir o mito da democracia racial no Brasil, apresentando o pensamento decolonial e reafirmando a educação e a economia como instrumentos voltados para a transformação social, enfrentando o racismo estruturado no país. Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica com emprego do método hipotético-dedutivo, analisando as contribuições de outros autores para fomentar uma conclusão verdadeiramente aplicável ao problema exposto. Os resultados alcançados com o desenvolvimento da pesquisa contribuíram para o entendimento da democracia racial como uma mera ficção ideológica, sendo o movimento decolonial imprescindível para a concretização de uma transformação de combate ao racismo, na mesma medida que a ressignificação do papel e da identidade do negro e das demais minorias inviabilizadas desempenha a função de transformação no âmbito da educação e da economia na contemporaneidade.
DESVINCULAÇÃO DE RECEITAS DOS ESTADOS (DRE): O CASO DAS EMPRESAS ESTATAIS
Authors: Klein Vinícius , Rodrigues Diogo Luiz Cordeiro , Costa Igor Pires Gomes
Published: December 2021

As discussões envolvendo o alcance e os limites da desvinculação de receitas dos Estados (DRE), um importante instrumento de gestão fiscal, ganham uma especial relevância diante do argumento, desenvolvido por empresas estatais, no sentido de que o art. 76-A do ADCT não abarcaria as receitas por elas arrecadadas. Nesse contexto, com base em pesquisa legislativa e doutrinária, o presente artigo possui dois objetivos. Inicialmente, por meio de critérios de hermenêutica jurídica, o trabalho busca esclarecer a extensão do conceito de “receita corrente” empregado no dispositivo constitucional transitório, a fim de que se defina a possibilidade de incidência ou não da DRE sobre as receitas arrecadadas pelas empresas estatais, em especial as dependentes. Em seguida, o artigo analisa os impactos da DRE sobre a governança corporativa das empresas estatais como um todo, incluindo, assim, tanto empresas públicas quanto sociedades de economia mista, dependentes ou não. Ao final, o artigo conclui que, embora juridicamente possível no caso das empresas públicas dependentes, a incidência da DRE deve ser vedada no caso de estatais independentes e severamente mitigada em relação a sociedades de economia mista dependentes, em respeito aos princípios de governança corporativa previstos na legislação brasileira, especialmente accountability, transparência e ausência de conflitos de interesses.
Invisible Spread and Perceived Stress Amidst COVID-19
Authors: Thomas Emily , Hamilton Jessica , Francis Carrie , Sykes Kevin
Published: December 2021

Aims. To characterize the self-reported stress of participants and examine the relation between potential for asymptomatic spread and perceived stress.

Methods. Enrollment of 461 participants occurred from May 4-May 22, 2020. The sample participants were predominantly women (69.6%). On average, participants were 44.9 years of age (SD = 14.6). Measures employed included the perceived stress scale-10 and a comprehensive COVID-19 questionnaire.

Results. Worry about asymptomatic spread was significantly associated with greater perceived stress (p<0.001). Higher stress was reported among individuals who were women (p<0.001), Hispanic/Latinx (p=0.001), and non-Black/African American individuals (p<0.001), and those reporting the presence of COVID-19 symptoms (p=0.001). 

Conclusions. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant economic, social, health, and other disruptions around the world. Distress is significantly related to concern over unintentionally contributing to the spread of SARS-CoV-2 through asymptomatic transmission. Future research should characterize the modifiable psychotherapeutic processes that might be targeted through intervention.

Keywords. COVID-19/prevention and control, Humans, Psychological Distress, Asymptomatic Viral Shedding, Pandemics, Public Health Practice, Public Policy
Extracting Crown Morphology with a Low-Cost Mobile Lidar Scanning System in the Natural Environment
Authors: Wang Kai , Zhou Jun , Zhang Wenhai , Zhang Baohua
Published: December 2021

To meet the demand for intelligent measurements of canopy morphological parameters, a mobile LiDAR scanning system with LiDAR and IMU as the main sensors was constructed. The system uses a LiDAR-IMU tight coupling odometry method to reconstruct a point cloud map of the area surveyed. After using the RANSAC algorithm to remove the map ground, the European clustering algorithm is used for point cloud segmentation. Finally, morphological parameters of the canopy, such as crown height, crown diameter, and crown volume, are extracted using statistical and voxel methods. To verify the algorithm, a total of 43 trees in multiple plots of the campus were tested and compared. The algorithm defined in this study was evaluated with manual measurements as reference, and the morphological parameters of the canopy obtained using the LOAM and LeGO-LOAM algorithms as the basic framework were compared. Experiments show that this method can be used to easily obtain the crown height, crown diameter, and crown volume of the area; the correlation coefficients of these parameters were 0.91, 0.87, and 0.83, respectively. Compared with the LOAM and LeGO-LOAM methods, they were increased by 0.004, 0.12, and 0.13 and 0.07, 0.15, and 0.04, respectively. The test results for this new system are positive and meet the requirements of horticulture and orchard measurements, indicating that it will have significant value as an application.
Hidrogel Berasaskan Pektin Kulit Buah Naga (Hylocereus polyrhizus) sebagai Pembawa Ubat melalui Sistem Penghantar Oral
Authors: Mat Lazim Azwan , Mokhtar Farahain , Sanger Kalaivani , Azfaralariff A. , Ishak Izwan , Faiz Mustafa I. , Zubairi S.I. , Fazry Shazrul , Othaman Rizafizah , Mohamed Mazlan , Abdullah Norhakimin , Hamzah H.H.
Published: December 2021

Kajian ini memfokuskan kepada aplikasi hidrogel berasaskan ekstrak pektin daripada kulit buah naga (Hylocereus polyrhizus) yang digunakan sebagai biobahan pembawa ubat. Sebanyak 5 sampel telah disediakan dengan peratus komposisi pektin yang berbeza (0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%). Keputusan menunjukkan hidrogel dengan 1.0% pektin telah mengembang secara maksimum pada pH 7. Imej daripada mikroskop elektron pengimbas (SEM) mendapati saiz keporosan hidrogel meningkat dengan penambahan pektin. Potensi hidrogel sebagai agen pembawa ubat telah dilakukan dengan melihat kecekapan muatan ubat, ujian perlepasan ubat dan ujian biodegradasi di dalam saluran pencernaan menggunakan medium simulasi perut (SGF), usus (SIF) dan kolon (SCF) secara in-vitro dengan kehadiran enzim. Hasil ujian ketoksikan menggunakan kaedah embrio ikan kuda belang (Danio rerio) telah memberikan keputusan yang negatif terhadap hidrogel yang diuji.
Pengasingan dan Pengesanan Asid Deoksiribonukleik (DNA) Spesies Haiwan menggunakan Multipleks Tindak Balas Rantaian Polimerase (PCR) daripada Minyak Sapi
Authors: Noor Azli Nurul Hanisah , Abd Mutalib Sahilah , Hashim Haslaniza , Abd Ghani Maaruf , Mohd. Kashim Mohd Izhar Ariff
Published: December 2021

Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengesan asid deoksiribonukleik (DNA) spesies haiwan dalam campuran minyak sapi menggunakan teknik tindak balas rantaian polimerase (PCR) multipleks. Kebolehdapatan DNA daripada produk berminyak membolehkan analisis PCR dijalankan dan sekaligus boleh menentukan kehadiran spesies haiwan produk tersebut dengan menggunakan primer haiwan yang khusus-spesies. Gen sasaran adalah DNA mitokondria (mtDNA) Sitokrom oksidase II (COII) untuk menentukan lembu, manakala mtDNA tRNA-ATP8 dan DNA nuklear (nDNA) Elemen Nuklear Berselang pendek (SINE) untuk menentukan babi. Terdapat satu kawalan (S1) dan tiga sampel campuran minyak sapi dengan gelatin babi ditambah pada kepekatan berbeza iaitu 1%, 3% dan 5% (w/v) (S2, S3 dan S4). Analisis PCR simpleks menggunakan primer spesies-spesifik yang disebutkan, berjaya mengamplifikasi DNA lembu dengan amplikon bersaiz 165 bp (COII) dan DNA babi dengan amplikon 212 bp (tRNA-ATP8) dan 161 bp (SINE). Manakala, teknik PCR multipleks yang telah dioptimumkan menggunakan primer mtDNA (tRNA-ATP8) dan nDNA (SINE) untuk menentukan kehadiran haiwan babi, juga menghasilkan amplikon bersaiz yang sama. Oleh itu, kajian menunjukkan bahawa kaedah PCR multipleks adalah kaedah yang mudah, ringkas dan pantas untuk menentukan kehadiran DNA babi di dalam sampel campuran produk minyak sapi selain daripada kaedah PCR simpleks.
MiR-122-5p Attenuates Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Induced by Oxygen and Glucose Deprivation/Reperfusion
Authors: Yu Haiyan , Xu Jinqiu , Zhu Pengyin , Zhang Chunyan
Published: December 2021

Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) is a common phenomenon in vascular diseases, while the role of endothelial dysfunction in central vascular disease remains to be further investigated. MiR-122 is an inflammation-associated non-coding RNA that participates in multiple human disease, but whether miR-122 plays as a critical role in EndoMT induced by ischaemic stroke is unknown. Although BAI2 is known as a brain-specific inhibitor protein of angiogenesis, few studies of BAI2 examined EndoMT. This study investigated the mechanism of EndoMT and the miR-122/BAI2 axis in oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R)-mediated EndoMT. A transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) model and OGD/R treatment were used to mimic the ischaemia-reperfusion injury. The colocalization of CD31 and α-SMA was elevated in the peri-infarct area of tMCAO mice. The expression of miR-122 was decreased in the peri-infarct area of tMCAO mice. Downregulation of miR-122, Occludin, and ZO-1 was observed in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) after OGD/R treatment, while α-SMA expression was increased in HBMECs after OGD/R treatment. MiR-122 overexpression reduced the decrease of Occludin and ZO-1 expression and the increase of α-SMA expression induced by OGD/R. MiR-122 negatively regulated BAI2 expression, and OGD/R treatment enhanced BAI2 expression. Knockdown the expression of BAI2 suppressed the decrease of Occludin and ZO-1 expression and the increase of α-SMA expression induced by OGD/R. In conclusion, miR-122 overexpression attenuates OGD/R-mediated EndoMT by targeting BAI2.
Performance Evaluation of PDMS or PEBAX-Coated Polyetherimide Membrane for Oxygen/Nitrogen Separation
Authors: Chong Kok Chung , Lai Soon Onn , Thiam Hui San , Mah Shee Keat , Lau Woei Jye , Ismail Ahmad Fauzi
Published: December 2021

Since the industrial revolution era, the Earth was suffering from serious air pollution. Millions of people are now suffering from indoor air pollution related diseases, especially in the industrialized countries such as China. One method to improve the indoor air quality is by oxygen enhancement. Membrane technology has been a key research over the past decades due to its low energy usage, minimum chemical consumption as well as small setting up layout. In this study, polyetherimide (PEI) membranes coated with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or poly(ether block amide) (PEBAX) at different concentration (1, 3 or 5 wt%) were used to evaluate the oxygen/nitrogen gas separation. Prior to the gas permeation study, the membranes were characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM) for morphology observation and surface elemental analysis by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscope (EDX). The morphology of the self-fabricated PEI membranes is composed of a thin and dense structure supported by the finger-like structure. The results obtained from oxygen/nitrogen separation studies shows membrane coated with 3 wt% PDMS yield a good separation results, exhibiting an improvement of oxygen and nitrogen permeance by 28.2% and 24.9%, selectivity by 10.4% (up to 5.08) relative to the base PEI membrane. Meanwhile, the 3 wt% PEBAX-coated PEI membrane only achieved selectivity of 3.56. The PDMS-coated PEI membrane yield a better separation performance attributed to the fact that PDMS coating on the hollow fiber membrane improve the surface morphology by reducing the defects.
Protective activity of mixtures of pneumococcal antigens in infection caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3
Authors: Vorobyev D. S. , Tokarskaya M. M. , Baranovskaya S. A. , Stefutushkina E. A. , Afanasyeva O. M. , Astashkina E. A. , Zhigunova O. V. , Volokh Yu. V. , Leonova A. Yu. , Petukhova E. S. , Semenova I. B. , Nechaev D. N. , Kravtsova E. O. , Ovechko N. N. , Yastrebova N. E. , Gruber I. M. , Mikhailova N. A.
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Pneumococcal diseases remain relevant for the whole world. On the one hand, this is due to the high prevalence of pneumococcus and the other hand, the growth of antibiotic-resistant strains and the constant change of clinically significant serotypes of the pathogen.

The aim of the research was to study of the protective activity of a mixture of pneumococcal antigens.

Material and methods. we used preparations of a capsular polysaccharide (CPS) obtained from Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3; protein-containing fraction (PCF) obtained from an aqueous extract of cells of S. pneumoniae serotype 6B; recombinant pneumolysin (rPly). Mice were immunized intraperitoneally twice with an interval of 14 days with mixtures of bacterial antigens: CPS + PCF; CPS + rPly; PCF + rPly. To assess the protective activity of the studied drugs after double immunization animals were infected intraperitoneally with S. pneumoniae serotype 3. To study the effect of mixtures of bacterial preparations on the infectious process in the lungs immunized mice were infected with S. pneumoniae serotype 3. The humoral immune response was studied with IgG using the method of ELISA.

Results. The CPS + rPly mixture protected mice from intraperitoneal infection with S. pneumoniae serotype 3 regardless of the infecting dose. Immunization with CPS + PCF or CPS + rPly mixtures influenced a significant decrease the number of seeded bacterial cells from lungs during the entire observation period (72 h) compared to the control. Administration of mixtures of bacterial antigens of CPS + PCF, CPS + rPly or PCF + rPly to animals led to a significant increase of the level of antibodies to all antigens, however, the highest levels of IgG were determined to PCF and rPly.

Conclusion. The results obtained suggest that different antigenic drugs in mixtures affect different mechanisms of immunity activation.
How to get a patent for invention. Recommendations for drawing up application materials
Authors: Tarasova O. I. , Ryzhova A. A. , Savinova M. I. , Borodin V. D.
Published: December 2021

Availability of patents for inventions is a significant indicator of innovative activity in scientific research organization, one of efficiency criterion of its work, creates legal basis for integration innovations into practice and future commercial use. Not every inventor can formulate the point of his invention and describe it correctly according to demands of current legislation.

Objective is to help a beginning inventor to form description and formula of invention correctly, to provide information, necessary for giving patent’s application.

Recommendations for drawing up a claim according to the patent law of Russia are present in the article with an accent on inventions in the medical area. Conditions of patentability, objects of invention, patent validity periods have been considered. Conditions of creation companies’ inventions have also been highlighted. In the article the demands to a content of applications, structure of description, formula and an abstract of invention have been 

disclosed in details in compliance with “The Rules of drawing up, applying and considerations of papers (documents), which are the basis for performing legally significant actions in accordance with State registration of inventions” and “Demands to documents of an application of patent of invention”, approved by the Order Minister of Economic Development of Russian Federation, dated on 25.05.2016 No. 316. The example of description of invention in the medical area is given in order to illustrate an invention prototype.

According to patent legislation of Russian Federation, a protection is provided to technical decision, which is new, not evident for a specialist in a given filed and is fully revealed in description of an invention in an amount, that is enough for its reproduction, and realization of a stated purpose is confirmed by materials of application. Formula of application must be totally based on a description.
CORPORATE VOLUNTEERING IN THE CONTEXT OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
Authors:   National University of Water and Environmental Engineering, Oliinyk O.O , Neverkovets A.V ,   ational University of Water and Environmental Engineering
Published: December 2021

he volunteering essence and its types were considered in the article. Defined, the multidirectional structures and multifunctionality of volunteering allow us to confirm its economic, environment and social value is being increased. In this work was discovered the connection between country’s economic growth which basic evaluating ratio serves as the gross national income per capita and population proportion that participated in volunteer activities. The Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated using two investigated indicators by the instance of 12 Europe countries in 2019. We gained a next result: rxy= 0,9475 it demonstrates an essential impact of citizen volunteering on economic increment. The mathematical economic model had been developed to concretise the correlation between investigated indicators. In the article was defined close and direct dependency between the economic indicator and the proportion of participated volunteers: the more people were being involved in volunteering activities, the more GNI per capita was being increasd. We defined that corporate volunteering was the most crucial part of business social responsibility. There were analysed the realization of main corporate volunteering activities in Ukraine, which of them at the present stage are blood donation, parks cleaning, gardening, medical organisation financial assistanse, ATO fighters support, the care of cancer-affected children. Employee volunteering advantages for different social entities such as business, employees and communities were determined. Corporate volunteering practises enhance company image and provide their stable competitive market through the improvong process of employee loyalty, rising the quantity of external stakeholders’ positive responses about a company, the increasing level of employee ethical conduct, motivation, team spirit, and initiative.
Design and Social Change: An Architectural History of the University of California, Santa Barbara
Authors: Larson Julia Diane
Published: December 2021

The University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB), campus as it stands today appears as an architectural mash-up of midcentury modern institutional buildings, both low rise and high rise; a smattering of World War II–era wooden buildings; 1970s-style double wide trailers; and new science buildings built by a who's who of internationally famous architects. In this case study, the author shows how the UCSB campus's architectural history mirrors the post–World War II boom in educational facilities throughout California and the social, cultural, and architectural history of the region as a whole. The key to discovering this history is archival research, both at the University Archives at the UCSB Library, as well as at the architecture-specific Architecture and Design Collection at the Art, Design & Architecture Museum on campus. In this case study, the author explains how the architectural history can be traced through the archival records to more fully understand the history of the campus.
Of Grasshoppers and Rhinos: A Visual Literacy Approach to Born-Digital Design Records
Authors: Leventhal Aliza , Collins Julie , Walsh Tessa
Published: December 2021

This article explores the area of born-digital design records and visual literacy with an aim of demystifying these records and empowering archivists to appraise, describe, preserve, and provide access to them. It does so in a stepwise manner, guiding the archivist or researcher through the process of preparing, opening, viewing, exploring, and understanding these files. While at first the technical aspects of born-digital design records, such as computer-aided design (CAD) and building information modeling (BIM), can seem challenging, archivists should not be deterred. The article introduces crucial historical context and a methodology for unpacking the contents of born-digital design records, which together enable archivists to better see and decipher their significance and meaning. Also discussed are records creators, software preferences, processing workflows, and the visual interpretation of rendered images and the software interfaces. This then leads to a discussion around how to contextualize and understand the built form being communicated through drawings and models. The article also points to the array of teaching tools and interest groups that support archivists who wish to learn about the design community's practices, with the aim of lowering the barrier to engagement with these records. Visual literacy should be recognized as a vital skill, useful both in understanding these records and in decision-making around retention and preservation, so that stories of the places and people they reflect can be told.
Archivists at Work: Stress and Mood Effects in a Gendered Profession
Authors: Chinery Kristen , Casey Rita J.
Published: December 2021

Although much has been written about both the gendering of the archival profession and how gender impacts work in society, empirical data are insufficient to document how they combine to specifically influence archivists and archival work. This study examines gender differences as a factor in individual and work-site characteristics of archivists. Six central questions are used to explore the role of gender in the intensity or stressfulness of work, organizational climate where archival work is done, administrative support for archivists, and mood. Methodology, results, and suggestions for future research are presented.
Archival Engagements with Wicked Problems
Authors: Wilczek Eliot
Published: December 2021

The concept of wicked problems can be used as a frame for enriching archivists' understanding of the societal challenges they are confronting in their work. This article explores the core tenets and intellectual history of the concept, looking at the origins of the term; its uses in design, planning, and various policy domains; and recent critiques of the concept. Using examples of archival engagements with the challenges of policing in underserved communities, refugees, child welfare, and climate change, this article examines the role of records and recordkeeping systems in wicked problems and how archivists have used community engagement as a core tenet of how to approach these societal challenges. These engagements also illustrate how grappling with wicked problems can change the practices, theories, and self-awareness of the profession itself.
Comprensión jurídica y hermenéutica en el pensamiento de Carl Schmitt y Hans-Georg Gadamer
Authors: Herrera Hugo E.
Published: December 2021

En el presente trabajo se intenta explicar la ligazón que establece Carl Schmitt entre la comprensión jurídica y la comprensión en general, así como la importancia de este vínculo para la historia de la filosofía. Schmitt afirma en diversas obras que la comprensión jurídica puede ser entendida, en un sentido amplio, como comprensión de la situación humana en general. La ampliación del sentido usual del derecho a la comprensión en general opera sobre la base del hecho de que en la comprensión en general consta algo parecido a la comprensión jurídica: una tensión entre un polo ideal o de las elaboraciones de la mente y un polo real de las situaciones concretas. Esa ampliación schmittiana marca un momento relevante en la historia de la filosofía. A su posición se asemejan llamativamente consideraciones hermenéuticas posteriores de Hans-Georg Gadamer, sin que la literatura haya reparado hasta ahora en esa relación.
The McDonald Lindley-Poisson Distribution
Authors: Percontini Ana , V. da Silva Ronaldo , Handique Laba , Diniz Marinho Pedro Rafael
Published: December 2021

We propose the McDonald Lindley-Poisson distribution and derive some of its mathematical properties including explicit expressions for moments, generating and quantile functions, mean deviations, order statistics and their moments. Its model parameters are estimated by maximum likelihood. A simulation study investigates the performance of the estimates. The new distribution represents a more ﬂexible model for lifetime data analysis than other existing models as proved empirically by means of two real data sets.
A Two Parameters Rani Distribution: Estimation and Tests for Right Censoring Data with an Application
Authors: Al-Omari Amer Ibrahim , Aidi Khaoula , Seddik-Ameur Nacira
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we developed a new distribution, namely the two parameters Rani distribution (TPRD). Some statistical properties of the proposed distribution are derived including the moments, moment-generating function, reliability function, hazard function, reversed hazard function, odds function, the density function of order statistics, stochastically ordering, and the entropies. The maximum likelihood method is used for model parameters estimation. Following the same approach suggested by Bagdonavicius and Nikulin (2011), modified chi squared goodness-of-fit tests are constructed for right censored data and some tests for right data is considered. An application study is presented to illustrate the ability of the suggested model in fitting aluminum reduction cells sets and the strength data of glass of the aircraft window.
Reforma tarifaria e inclusión social: el caso de los subsidios en los servicios de agua y saneamiento en Lima y Callao
Authors: Gómez-Lobo Andrés , Gutiérrez Mauro , Huamaní Sandro , Serebrisky Tomás , Solís Ben
Published: December 2021

Alrededor del 92% de la población en Lima Metropolitana y el Callao (Perú) se encontraba conectada, en 2015, a la red de Sedapal, empresa pública a cargo de la prestación de los servicios de agua y saneamiento. Además de incrementar la cobertura del servicio en beneficio de la población más vulnerable, la provisión de servicios enfrentaba otros dos retos en dicha ciudad: reducir la filtración de los subsidios a los usuarios domésticos sin afectar a los más pobres y fomentar un uso racional del agua, teniendo en cuenta que Lima es la ciudad más grande del mundo ubicada en un desierto, después de El Cairo. Para avanzar en el cumplimiento de estos retos, la Sunass regulador nacional de los servicios de agua y saneamiento aprobó la implementación de un nuevo sistema de subsidios cruzados que utiliza la información del estrato de ingreso por manzanas como instrumento de focalización.
Evaluation of Concretes Made with Marble Waste Using Destructive and Non-Destructive Testing
Authors: Belouadah Messaouda , Rahmouni Zine Elabidine , Tebbal Nadia , El Hassen Hicham Mokrani
Published: December 2021

The present study aims primarily to investigate the possibility of assessing the physico-mechanical behavior of concrete incorporating marble waste or marble powder as a partial replacement for cement using destructive and non-destructive testing methods. Indeed, in this work, cement was partially replaced with marble powder at six different substitution levels, i.e. 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30% by weight, with 1.5% adjuvant (super plasticizer) for each mixture. The samples prepared were then analyzed. In addition, the physico-mechanical properties, in the fresh and hardened states, water-to-cement ratio, absorption and compressive strengths of the concrete samples were examined as well. Moreover, the compressive strength of concrete was assessed through non-destructive testing methods such as the ultrasonic pulse velocity and rebound hammer. Likewise, the relationship between the ultrasound velocity and compressive strength of concrete were also estimated after 3, 7, 28 and 90 days of curing. The findings of the study indicated that, at early age of curing, the values of the compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity were quite small for all replacement levels, of cement with marble powder, between 15 and 30%. Nevertheless, when the curing period was increased, the compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity of all the samples went up as well. In the end, a linear relationship was observed between the ultrasonic pulse velocity and compressive strength for all substitution levels of cement with marble powder.
FREEDOM OF LABOR AND ITS LEGAL MEDIATING IN HISTORICAL AND LEGAL RETROSPECTIVE
Authors: Shabanova D. E.
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to comparative legal retrospective analysis of labor relations. The estimation of the extent to which the right to labor the actual position of the workers in the study period, as well as the reasons behind it is the consolidation of these rights is giveu.
Zhong Yong – kilka uwag o znaczeniu i tłumaczeniu tytułu
Authors: Pejda Katarzyna
Published: December 2021

Przedstawiona w tekście analiza dotyczy ogólnej myśli wyrażonej w Zhong Yong. Skupia się także na zbadaniu znaczenia znaków zhong, yong oraz na znaczeniu frazy, którą tworzą. Starożytny tekst przedstawia idealne działanie natury i nieba (tian) oraz sposoby na ich odtworzenie w społeczeństwie ludzkim. Istotą właściwego działania, które umożliwia tworzenie się i transformację rzeczy, jest harmonijnie funcjonująca wielość (duo) rzeczy – to wzór postępowania dla ludzi, którzy w harmonijnie działającym społeczeństwie mogą stanowić trójnię z niebem i ziemią. Autorka tekstu odnosi się także do tradycyjnego i najczęściej stosowanego przekładu tytułu „Doktryna Środka / Doctrine of Mean”, uznając go za nieadekwatny nie tylko ze względu na pominięcie w przekładzie znaczenia znaku yong, lecz także ze względu na nieuzwglęnienie w nim relatywizmu, którym charakteryzowała się wczesna myśl konfucjańska.
Chinese Gardens as a Nativity Scene: Matteo Ripa’s Description of the Kangxi Emperor’s Changchun Garden in Beijing
Authors: Kozik Albert
Published: December 2021

This article examines the description of the Changchun Garden in eighteenth-century Beijing, featured in Matteo Ripa’s Storia della Fondazione della Congregazione e del Collegio de’ Cinesi. An Italian missionary at the court of the Kangxi Emperor, Ripa had a chance to see and describe both the imperial parks and the intricacies of Chinese court etiquette. His detailed account, a precious source of information on the Changchun park, was accompanied by commentaries aimed at explaining the differences between “European” and “Chinese” aesthetic values. Therefore, this article offers a critical analysis of the account as a historical source, discussing the accuracy of some of the details described by Ripa, and subsequently provides an interpretation of the way he perceived Chinese parks, with an emphasis on his explanations of the “Chinese style” of laying out gardens. Finally, the last part of the article is dedicated to a comparison between a Neapolitan nativity scene (presepio) and the Qing gardens as drawn by Ripa at the end of his description, in order to demonstrate the “artificial naturalness” of Chinese parks.
Satysfakcja i wymagania w roli matki i ojca dziecka z niepełnosprawnością
Authors: Parchomiuk Monika
Published: December 2021

W artykule zaprezentowano wyniki badań własnych, których celem było ustalenie zależności między wymaganiami roli rodzicielskiej u matek i ojców wychowujących dziecko z niepełnosprawnością a ich satysfakcją z rodzicielstwa. W analizach uwzględniono także wiek dziecka z niepełnosprawnością oraz rodzaj niepełnosprawności. Zastosowano narzędzia własnej konstrukcji w postaci Skali Doświadczeń Rodzicielskich, Skali Wymagań w Roli Rodzicielskiej oraz kwestionariusza ankiety. Ostatecznie wykorzystano materiał uzyskany od 83 matek oraz 67 ojców. Na podstawie wyników analizy regresji wielorakiej stwierdzono podobne tendencje w grupie matek i ojców opisujące udział zmiennej Wzbogacenie w kształtowaniu wyników satysfakcji. Częstsze wymagania roli towarzyszyły najczęściej niższej satysfakcji w jej różnych wymiarach. Jedynie sprzeczności w roli rodzica tworzyły w modelach regresji powiązania dodatnie ze zmienną zależną. Rodzaj niepełnosprawności dziecka był istotny tylko w obszarze kształtowania wyników wymagań roli i jednego z aspektów satysfakcji ojców, z kolei zmienna wieku w zakresie oczekiwań zewnętrznych wobec roli macierzyńskiej.
FORMATION OF THE HIERARCHY MODEL OF THREATS IMPACT ON PERSONNEL SECURITY OF BANKS
Authors: Zhyvko Z. , Voronka O. , Blikhar V. , Ruda I. , Kukharska L.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The conducted theoretical and analytical study, which included acquaintance with the achievements of domestic and foreign scientists on ensuring the personnel security of banks and assessing the personnel security of the banking sector of the economy, allowed to develop oriented graphical models and corresponding reachability matrices, and served as a basis for hierarchical ordering of key threats to bank personnel security. The hierarchical ordering of threats to the personnel security of the banking sector of the economy is based on the application of the graph theory method. The models developed give an idea of the need to implement safeguards against key threats, which is important in view of resource constraints and maximizing the effectiveness of security actors. The result is averaged for most domestic banks, as each of them is influenced by the external environment and changes caused by internal processes. A mechanism for counteracting the influence of external and internal threats on the personnel security of banks has been constructed, which takes into account the current trends in the development of the banking sector. The application of system analysis and graph theory made it possible to hierarchically regulate the impact of key threats on personnel security, which became the basis for the development of a model that graphically determines the priority of developing and implementing security measures for each threat, and justifies the possibility of applying one of the options passive protection and active protection. As a result of the theoretical and analytical study, a number of key external and internal threats to personnel security of banks have been regulated and identified. By applying graph theory and mathematical modeling hierarchically ordered and determined the severity of the impact of threats on the personnel security of banks, which subsequently allowed to create a defense mechanism to counter them.
Keywords: bank personnel security, bank system, threat, security, crisis situation, mechanism.
JEL Classіfіcatіon D81, G21, F29, L20
Formulas: 16; fig.: 3; tabl.: 19; bibl.: 16.
CURRENT ISSUES OF PUBLIC FINANCE MANAGEMENT IN UKRAINE
Authors: Marhasova V. , Ruzhytskyi I. , Tkalenko N. , Shestakovska T. , Mykhailovska O.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The article describes the approaches to defining the essence of understanding «public finance» and «public finance management» in the context of administrative and financial decentralization. A study on the current state of economic development of Ukraine is carried and the public financial management system is analyzed. The dynamics of the ratio of revenues and expenditures of the State and local budgets is shown and the national and subnational levels in the financing of public expenditures are described. The sequence of achieving a new level of welfare of the population is presented and the ways of state influence on local economic development are outlined. The content of the state’s activity on financial resources management and public importance of finances is given. Particular attention is paid to the financial capacity of UTC and the existing positive developments within the decentralization reform in Ukraine. The need to improve the management of public finances was emphasized, as it was evidenced by the size of the budget deficit. The division of budget expenditures by functional classification between the national and subnational levels is presented and the decline of financial independence of subnational budgets is witnessed. An assessment of the level of confidence in financial asset management services of territorial communities based on the calculation of the relevant index is made, and the relationship between the selected indicators (the monetary expenditures of the population; deposits of individuals in investment funds; population savings; volume of capital investments; volume of investments in Ukraine; assets of investment funds) and the level of public confidence in the management of UTC financial assets is researched. 
Keywords: financial management, public finance, financial capacity of territorial communities, financial assets.
JEL Classification H70, H89, R59, Q01
Formulas: 1; fig.: 5; tabl.: 3; bibl.: 20.
FINANCIAL SUPPORT AND EFFICIENCY OF IMPLEMENTATION OF GOVERNMENT HOUSING ACCESSIBILITY PROGRAMS IN UKRAINE
Authors: Shteingauz D. , Kuznyetsova A. , Achimovich D.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The state of financial support of seven state programs of housing affordability, which currently operate in Ukraine, has been studied and analyzed. As a result, the most effective programs in terms of state aid and the average amount of state aid per recipient were identified. The main significant shortcoming in the implementation of state programs for housing affordability is their constant underfunding from the state budget, which hinders the manifestation of a synergistic positive effect. Deficit of budget funds and restrictions or complete refusal to allocate budget allocations to finance state support for housing affordability programs for various categories of the population negatively affect the state of development of the residential real estate market in Ukraine. This constrains both the demand and the supply of housing due to the lack of financial resources to cover the existing investment needs both at the construction stage and during the sale of already built residential real estate. The multiplier effect from the implementation of state programs of housing affordability on the revival of the real estate market by attracting citizens’ own funds to the construction industry is determined. The priority mechanisms for providing housing to Ukrainians are outlined: mortgage loans at 7% per annum with a down payment of 15% of the cost of housing and financial leasing at 5% without down payment, which are aimed primarily at supporting the population of Ukraine and strengthen protection of interest’s citizens. There is a need to improve financial and credit instruments that overcome the problem of lack of financial resources for the real estate market and help to quickly create the necessary residential real estate, taking into account the strategic interests of all participants — individuals (investors), developers, banks and non-bank financial institutions, state and local authorities, as well as local communities.
Keywords: financial support, state program, investment projects, financial and credit instruments, mortgage loans, financial leasing, residential real estate market.
JEL Classification G21
Formulas: 0; fig.: 1; tabl.: 1; bibl.: 10.
BEHAVIORAL MODELS OF DECISION-MAKING BY BUSINESS AND INDUSTRY STAKEHOLDERS
Authors: Tereshchenko Е. , Ushenko N. , Dielini M. , Nesterova M. , Lozhachevska О. , Honcharenko N.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the methodological toolkit for decision-making by business and industry stakeholders, which is based on the development of a dynamic multilateral model of a strategic contract, taking into account the alternatives of agent behavior. In order to achieve the purpose of the study were used following methods: system analysis, logical generalisation, statistical and comparative analysis, principles of contract theory of the firm, the concept of dynamic abilities, methods of the theory of active systems etc. According to findings it is actualized the expediency of the transformational development of transdisciplinarity between behavioral sciences and quantitative methods of management in the context of the development of the contract theory of a firm, namely, regarding the development of a methodological basis for decision-making by business and industry stakeholders. The effectiveness of the use of a dynamic multilateral model of a strategic contract is substantiated, which takes into account the behavioral models of the main stakeholders (investor-owner-employees) based on individual utility functions, which as a result connects three tasks that are consistently solved during each period. For the targeted use of the behavioral effects that arise between the parties to the contract in the process of its implementation, the proposed model of agency relations is based on the relationship between themselves and the overall results of the strategy. It is presented the options for planning the effectiveness of contracts for the interaction of agents based on the use of organizational and economic management tools, which are determined by them independently or under targeted influence in order to create additional behavioral prerequisites. The proposed dynamic multilateral model synthesizes the prerequisites, conditions for the effectiveness of decision-making by business and industry stakeholders in conditions of risk and uncertainty. It allows to consider several behavioral effects that arise between the parties to the contract, based on the individual usefulness of the contribution to the implementation of the business strategy. The practical significance of the obtained results manifests itself in the fact that the use of the developed decision-making models by business and industry stakeholders for the purpose of strategic resource planning based on the optimization of the use of organizational and economic resources will contribute to the concentration on the relevant behavioral aspects of agents and restrictions, taking into account the exchange between the internal and external environments.
Keywords: behavioral model, decision-making, agent, stakeholder, strategic planning, contract efficiency, business, industry.
JEL Classification A12, C52, D1
Formulas: 31; fig.: 1; tabl.: 0; bibl.: 27.
ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНИХ РИЗИКІВ ПРОМИСЛОВОГО ПІДПРИЄМСТВА
Authors: Берідзе T. , Бараник З. , Дашко І. , Гамова О. , Ткаченко С.
Published: December 2021

Анотація. Метою статті є дослідження особливостей інвестиційних ризиків і визначення відповідних методів щодо їх оцінювання у процесі господарської діяльності підприємстві. Сформовано науково-практичний підхід щодо економіко-математичного моделювання на основі мінімізації ризику інвестиційного портфеля задля ухвалення ефективних управлінських рішень. Сучасні методи управління економікою значною мірою спираються на застосуванні економіко-математичних методів, а саме моделювання. Процес інвестування пов’язаний із ризиками. Нестабільність у розвитку сучасної економіки призводить до похибок при ухваленні рішень щодо управління промисловим підприємством. Перш за все, це пов’язано з розподілом фінансових коштів, які зберігаються на балансі підприємств. У підсумку це призведе до наявності фінансового ризику при розподілі фінансів. Наукові доробки зумовлюють актуальність і необхідність подальшого дослідження питання щодо особливостей інвестування для підприємств із відповідним оцінюванням ризику. Формально представлена постановка завдання і послідовне її вирішення шляхом реалізації відповідного алгоритму задля коригування його вартості.. Запропоновано постановку і вирішення завдань формування фінансового портфеля на основі мінімізації фінансового ризику і відповідних втрат, що дозволяє ефективно розподілити фінансові кошти промислового підприємства. Доведено, що для збереження стабільної структури портфеля доцільно мінімізувати дисперсію за обмежень, які накладені на величину інвестицій і ставку прибутковості. Аналіз отриманих результатів економіко-математичного моделювання на основі статичних даних щодо діяльності промислового підприємства ПАТ «Запоріжсталь» підтвердив дієвість запропонованого підходу, що дозволило скоригувати вартість портфеля в бік його зменшення. Доведено, що прибутковість портфеля не може бути більшою від прибутковості самого дохідного цінного папера (акції), що входить у портфель; завжди варто обирати між збільшенням прибутковості і зменшенням ризику.
Ключові слова: ризик, інвестиції, портфель, модель, підприємство, прибутковість.
Формул: 25; рис.: 1; табл.: 2; бібл.: 17.