bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La invención del Lazarillo: Epistemología y metafísica de la expresión literaria
Authors: Zarzo Esther
Published: September 2021

RESUMEN: Análisis epistemológico de la novela Como ﬁ el amante o la invención del Lazarillo de Daniel-Henry Pageaux. De gran interés para la autobiografía literaria y la teoría de la ﬁ cción por plantear las cuestiones de la autoría y el problema de la verdad. Este artículo aborda las cuestiones sugeridas en la novela desde la Epistemología Literaria de Alfonso Reyes, y la Metafísica de la Expresión de Eduardo Nicol.ABSTRACT: Epistemological analysis of the novel Como ﬁ el amante o la invención del Lazarillo of Daniel-Henry Pageaux. Is very important for the literary autobiography and ﬁ ction theory by posing the questions of authorship and the problem of truth. This article addresses the issues suggested in the novel according to Alfonso Reyes’s Literary Epistemology, and Metaphysics of Expression of Eduardo Nicol.
Análisis del discurso populista en la España actual
Authors: De Santiago Guervós Javier
Published: September 2021

RESUMEN: En determinadas circunstancias históricas, se producen reacciones políticas que tienen características discursivas comunes. Así, por ejemplo, en una situación de crisis social, el pueblo se presenta como víctima de una fuente de mal de la que solo es posible liberarse por la intercesión de un líder carismático. Esta secuencia, esta conjunción de características da como resultado una técnica discursiva dentro del lenguaje político que se ha deﬁ nido como populismo. El presente artículo pretende estudiar este tipo de discurso en España tras la aparición de Podemos, partido político que, en principio, adopta un tipo de discurso que responde a la plantilla de lo que Charaudeau deﬁnió como populismo para ir variando su estrategia a medida que conseguía respaldo popular. El populismo rechaza la «casta» política, pero, como tendremos oportunidad de ver, es un discurso retórico, esencialmente político, que en España bebe de las fuentes terminológicas de la izquierda latinoamericana a pesar de buscar, en última instancia, la transversalidad ideológica siguiendo un camino similar al del PSOE en los años de la Transición. Léxico, discurso e ideología se manejan con eﬁcacia para alcanzar el poder.ABSTRACT: In some historical circumstances, political reactions are born which have common discourse characteristics. So, for example, in a situation of social crisis, people represented as a victim of a source of evil from which it is possible to release only by the intercession of a charismatic leader. This sequence, this conjunction of characteristics give as a result a discourse technique within the political language which has been deﬁ ned as populism. The present article aims to study this type of discourse in Spain after the appearance of Podemos, political party which, ﬁ rst adopts a kind of discourse which responds to the model of what Charaudeau deﬁ ned as populism and then gives changing its strategy as he was getting popular support. Populism refuses the political caste but, as we will have the opportunity to see it is a rethorical discourse basically political which in Spain learns from terminological sources of the Latinoamerican left despite of seeking, at the end, the ideological transversality following a similar path to that of the PSOE in the last years of the transition. Lexicon, discourse and ideology are managed efﬁ ciently to reach the power.
Sobre la estructura sintáctico-discursiva de las construcciones de reformulación
Authors: Vera Luján Agustín
Published: September 2021

RESUMEN: El objetivo de nuestro trabajo es realizar un análisis sintáctico de las construcciones de reformulación, desde un punto de vista estrictamente funcional. Basándonos en dos conceptos inspirados en la tagmémica, como son los de unidad/relación abstracta vs. unidad/relación concreta, y concibiendo las relaciones sintácticas como equivalentes de las funciones hjelmslevianas, proponemos que las construcciones de reformulación se consideren como construcciones abstractas de tipo coordinado, basando en esta estructura sintáctica la capacidad de sus constituyentes para funcionar discursivamente como elementos reformulados.ABSTRACT: Our work aims to perform a syntactic analysis of reformulation constructions from a strictly functional point of view. Based on two concepts inspired by tagmémics, such as those of abstract unity/function vs. concrete unity/function, and conceiving syntactic relations as equivalents of the Hjelmslevian functions, we propose that reformulation constructions must be considered as abstract coordinated constructions, basing on this syntactic structure its constituents capacity to work discursively as reformulated elements.
El análisis de la coherencia en un artículo de opinión: una propuesta integradora
Authors: López Mora Pilar , García Aguiar Livia C.
Published: September 2021

RESUMEN: A partir de un artículo de opinión ﬁ rmado por Ramín Jahanbegloo y publicado en el diario El País el 18 de noviembre de 2014 sobre la evolución de las democracias liberales desde la caída del Muro de Berlín, se realiza una propuesta integradora para el análisis de los procedimientos de coherencia que tiene en cuenta no solo las características del texto, sino todo el proceso comunicativo.ABSTRACT: The aim of this paper is to analyze the coherence in an op-ed, written by R. Jahanbengloo and published in the Spanish newspaper El País (18 November 2014), on the evolution of liberal democracies since the fall of the Berlin Wall. In the analysis we will study the speciﬁ c characteristics of the text, as well as the whole communicative process.
Uso de fórmulas de tratamiento en puestos de atención al público del dominio educativo en español bonaerense
Authors: Graciela Julián Gisele
Published: September 2021

En este trabajo analizamos el uso de las fórmulas de tratamiento en las interacciones desarrolladas entre empleados y usuarios en instituciones del dominio educativo de una ciudad perteneciente a la región lingüística del español bonaerense, con el fin de relevar en qué medida contribuyen a la expresión de la (des)cortesía en esos dominios. La investigación se enmarca en un enfoque de Sociolingüística interaccional, con aportaciones de Etnografía de la comunicación, Microsociología de Goffman, Análisis del discurso y Pragmática sociocultural.
Luis Unceta Gómez y Carlos Sánchez Pérez (eds), En los márgenes de Roma: la Antigüedad romana en la cultura de masas contemporánea
Authors: Pozuelo Lobillo Alba
Published: September 2021

Reseña de Luis Unceta Gómez y Carlos Sánchez Pérez (eds), En los márgenes de Roma: la Antigüedad romana en la cultura de masas contemporánea.
Con palabra heredada o leer para imaginar:
Authors: Escobar Borrego Francisco  Javier
Published: September 2021

El presente artículo ofrece un estudio de comparatismo circunscrito a la pervivencia de fuentes musicales, así desde Haydn, Mozart o Purcell hasta Beethoven, Schubert o Albéniz, en la obra poética de Antonio Carvajal. Asimismo, se presta atención a la intertextualidad para la expresión creativa de su pensamiento musical.
La enseñanza de la cultura mediante el aprendizaje integrado de contenido y lenguas extranjeras
Authors: Pacheco Franco Marta
Published: September 2021

En el presente trabajo se analiza la situación de la cultura en la enseñanza del español como lengua extranjera con el fin de presentar una propuesta didáctica AICLE en la que el contenido de la misma sea la cultura -con minúscula- española.
Presentación de la clase marginal o el otro en los cuadros de costumbres de José Victoriano Betancourt y Daniel Mendoza
Authors: Fernández Hernández Jeniffer
Published: September 2021

Es el propósito de este artículo examinar y comparar la proyección del personaje marginal en el costumbrismo cubano y venezolano del siglo XIX, de ese otro que forma parte de los sectores marginalizados y vive en las fronteras de la civilización. Para esto se estudian los cuadros de costumbres Los curros del Manglar o el triple velorio de José Victoriano Betancourt y Un llanero en la capital y Palmarote en Apure de Daniel Mendoza. Intento argumentar que los proyectos específicos que propone la clase letrada decimonónica para la construcción de cada nación bien sea la campaña higienista o la aceptación de los aportes rurales termina afectando el retrato de los personajes marginales en las letras costumbristas de ambos países.
Propuestas constructivas para una revolución literaria de Hu Shi
Authors: Chen Ruojun , García Gabaldón Jesús
Published: September 2021

Propuestas constructivas para una revolución literaria de Hu Shi, traducido y dispuesto para la imprenta por Ruojun Che y Jesús García Gabaldón
Historia, crítica y teoría sobre la poesía sexual áurea: comentarios a Fiebre de luz, de J. I. Díez
Authors: Garrote Bernal Gaspar
Published: September 2021

Comentario del libro de J. Ignacio Díez, «Fiebre de luz y río de corceles». Poesía y erotismo áureo (2019), dedicado a estudiar el tratamiento dado a la materia sexual por el Cancionero de obras provocantes a risa y por los poetas Garcilaso, Diego Hurtado de Mendoza, Baltasar del Alcázar y fray Melchor de la Serna, y asimismo a analizar el motivo áureo de la lengua y los cancioneros que en el siglo XIX publicó Peratoner. La obra se revela como una contribución decisiva para la historia de la poesía sexual del Siglo de Oro.
Reseña de Rebeca Sanmartín Bastida y María Victoria Curto Hernández (2019): El Libro de la oración de María Santo Domingo. Estudio y edición
Authors: Correa Ramón Amelina
Published: September 2021

Reseña de Rebeca Sanmartín Bastida y María Victoria Curto Hernández (2019): El Libro de la oración de María Santo Domingo. Estudio y edición.
Reseña de Tirso de Molina (2018): La santa Juana. Segunda parte
Authors: Morillas Pérez Beatriz
Published: September 2021

Reseña de Tirso de Molina (2018): La santa Juana. Segunda parte.
Reseña de Amelina Correa Ramón (2019): «¿Qué mandáis hacer de mí?»: Una historia desvelada de relecturas teresianas en el contexto cultural de entresiglos
Authors: Sanmartín Bastida Rebeca
Published: September 2021

Reseña de Amelina Correa Ramón (2019): «¿Qué mandáis hacer de mí?»: Una historia desvelada de relecturas teresianas en el contexto cultural de entresiglos.
ANALISIS PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI KREDITUR DALAM PEMINJAMAN UANG BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI FINANSIAL (KOINWORK)
Authors: Hartati Sawitri Yuli , Daud Muhammad Rusdi , Nurohmat Nurohmat
Published: September 2021

Kegiatan peminjaman uang berbasis teknologi finansial, hubungan hukum hanya terjadi antara Kreditur dengan Penyelenggara layanan peminjaman uang berbasis teknologi finansial dan antara Kreditur dengan Debitur. Hal yang demikian menempatkan Penyelenggara layanan peminjaman tidak memiliki hubungan hukum dengan Debitur, sehingga Penyelenggara layanan peminjaman tidak memiliki tanggungjawab hukum manakalah terjadi gagal bayar oleh Debitur. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk meneliti hal dimaksud, khususnya tentang perlindungan dan kepastian hukum bagi Kreditur dalam kegiatan peminjaman uang berbasis teknologi finansial. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan tipe penelitia diskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa hubungan hukum PT. Lunaria Annua Teknologi (KoinWorks) selaku penyelenggara layanan peminjaman sebatas dengan Kreditur, bukan dengan Debitur. Adapun perlindungan hukum bagi kreditur manakalah terjadi gagal bayar oleh Debitu, telah dijamin oleh POJK Nomor 77/POJK.01/2016 tentang Layanan Pinjam Meminjam Uang berbasis Teknologi Informasi dan POJK Nomor 1/POJK.07/2013 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen Sektor Jasa Keuangan.Kata Kunci: Perlindungan Hukum, Peminjman Uang, Teknologi Finansial, dan Kreditur.
PENGARUH KETINGGIAN PIER JEMBATAN TERHADAP PERILAKU KEDALAMAN JEPIT GROUP FONDASI TIANG BOR AKIBAT PUSHOVER ANALISIS
Authors: Hanif Basit Al
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini  membahas perilaku respon tiang fondasi terhadap ketinggian pier akibat beban pushover analisis. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan peninggian kolom pier dengan kekakuan (EI) tetap, dan peninggian kolom pier dengan memvariasikan nilai EI. Dengan variabel-variabel yang telah ditentukan, dilakukan analisis pushover pada struktur jembatan, dan dianalisis perilaku grup fondasi tiang bor akibat beban pushover. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis nonlinear finite elemnet dengan menggunakan program Midas Civil guna menganalisis struktur jembatan dan program FB-Multipier guna analisis respon tiang fondasi. Dengan memepertahankan nilai EI pada tiap ketinggian, mendapatkan gaya geser dasar tiang pier mengecil pada setiap bertambahnya ketinggian. Sedangkan dengan melakukan variasi nilai kekakuan EI, mendapatkan gaya geser dasar yang relatif sama besarnya pada tiap-tiap ketinggian. Nilai  kekakuan EI yang tetap,  tidak memengaruhi nilai kedalaman jepit tiang. Sedangkan nilai variasi kekakuan EI, memengaruhi dari nilai kedalaman jepit tiang fodasi.
PEMENUHAN KEWAJIBAN PENGGUNA JASA SESUAI KONTRAK
Authors: Putra Sandi Andika Surya , Hardjomuljadi Sarwono
Published: September 2021

Penggunaan standar kontrak FIDIC sebagai model kontrak konstruksi di Indonesia semakin meningkat. Proyek-proyek konstruksi baik yang didanai oleh swasta, pemerintah maupun pinjaman luar negeri banyak menggunakan standar kontrak FIDIC, khususnya standar kontrak FIDIC Red Book dan Yellow Book. Namun dalam proses pelaksanaannya, meskipun secara kontrak dibuat sebaik mungkin, secara disain sudah dibuat sebaik mungkin, suatu keniscayaan dapat menghindari klaim dalam suatu proyek konstruksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi variabel dominan kewajiban pengguna jasa yang tidak dipenuhi dan dampak yang dapat terjadi apabila tidak dipenuhi. Program penelitian ini menggunakan analisis faktor untuk mendapatkan variabel dominan kewajiban pengguna jasa yang tidak dipenuhi, dan selanjutnya dilakukan analisis data dengan menggunakan analisis kualitatif melalui penyebaran kuisioner kepada para responden. Hal ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui dampak yang akan terjadi apabila variabel tersebut tidak dipenuhi oleh pengguna jasa. Hasil analisis didapat 5 (lima) variabel dominan yaitu 1) Pengguna jasa memberikan ganti rugi atas setiap biaya ditambah dengan keuntungan, yang akan ditambahkan ke dalam harga kontrak jika pengujian ditunda oleh (atas nama) pengguna jasa dengan hasil extraction sebesar 0,913 atau 91,3%, 2) Pengguna jasa membayar jumlah yang disahkan dalam setiap Berita Acara Pembayaran Sementara (56 hari setelah menerima pernyataan tagihan dan dokumen pendukung) dengan hasil extraction sebesar 0,906 atau 90,6%, 3) Pengguna jasa memberikan perpanjangan waktu penyelesaian pekerjaan akibat dari penghentian pekerjaan oleh kontraktor yang dikarenakan pengguna jasa gagal untuk menerbitkan dan mensahkan Berita Acara Pembayaran Sementara, keterlambatan pembayaran progres pekerjaan dengan hasil extraction sebesar sebesar 0,894 atau 89,4%, 4) Pengguna jasa memberikan perpanjangan waktu jika pengujian ditunda oleh (atas nama) pengguna jasa dengan hasil extraction sebesar 0,862 atau 86,2%, 5) Pengguna jasa memberikan ganti rugi biaya bunga yang digabungkan secara bulanan pada pembayaran yang tertunda selama terjadinya keterlambatan pembayaran dengan hasil extraction sebesar 0,852 atau 85,2%. Selain itu dampak yang dapat terjadi apabila kewajiban pengguna jasa sesuai kontrak tidak dipenuhi adalah 1) Penyedia jasa akan mengeluarkan biaya yang tidak diperkirakan sebelumnya, 2) Gagal bayar kontraktor utama kepada sub-kontraktor, 3) Penyedia jasa berpotensi terkena denda yang di ajukan oleh pengguna jasa akibat mundurnya jadwal pelaksanaan proyek, 4) Berpotensi menimbulkan dispute.
Comparative analysis of franchise functioning in Russia and the USA during the pandemic
Authors: VLASOV Maksim V. , SHEIERMAN Ekaterina Yu.
Published: September 2021

Subject. The article overviews the franchise market functioning in general and in the domestic and foreign markets, during the pandemic.
Objectives. The purpose is to identify weaknesses of the franchise business during crisis and develop a concept for overcoming it, without significant change in the paradigm and business positioning in the market.
Methods. We reveal, make a systems analysis, and create the relationship between business development and the pandemic. This relationship helps study the main problems, faced by any business in crisis situation, and search for ways to overcome the unfavorable economic situation.
Results. We unveil the features that enable to keep the business afloat in conditions of pandemic and subsequent crisis. We consider the main methods of introducing innovative solutions into the already established system of franchise and analyze the obtained results. The paper shows that there are effective methods and ways of making managerial decisions, aimed at mobilizing revenue and attracting investment in crisis. The findings may help create universal theoretical and methodological frameworks for crisis management of any enterprise.
Conclusions. The world around us will never be the same again. The future belongs to information space and innovative new approaches to business management and development, therefore, the issue of creating a methodology for enterprise development in crisis is critical nowadays.
Non-banking financial intermediation and phenomena of shadow money in modern economy
Authors: BURLACHKOV Vladimir K.
Published: September 2021

Subject. The article addresses the non-banking financial intermediation (shadow banking system) as it is successfully expanding nowadays both in developed countries and emerging economics. Objectives. The study aims at conducting a comprehensive analysis of the specifics of non-banking financial intermediation, revealing its impact on economic agents’ activities, causes and consequences, and elaborating the methodological framework for effectiveness of modern monetary policy. Methods. I employ methods of scientific abstraction, induction, deduction, synthesis, and comparative analysis. Results. In the modern national economy, along with the money, created by the central bank and commercial banks, there are highly liquid financial instruments called shadow money. The scope of its application is shadow banking (financial intermediation) outside the banking system. The use of shadow money is caused by high demand for credit resources. Conclusions. The high activity of shadow banking and increased turnover of shadow money resulted from a transfer to Basel standards of banking regulation in the 1990s, which affected the lending activity of commercial banks. Under these conditions, the demand for loans provided by non-bank credit and financial institutions increased. The market of non-bank credit products was formed. However, the process of lending in the shadow banking is associated with high risks and non-stability of shadow money, widely used in this sphere.
Customs Value of Goods and VAT Amounts Brought by Contractors or Paid as Part of the Withholding Agent's Duty Performance
Authors: ARTEM'EV Aleksei A. , SIDOROVA Elena Yu.
Published: September 2021

Subject. This article discusses the issues related to the customs value of goods and VAT amounts brought by contracting parties or paid as part of the withholding agent's duty fulfillment.
Objectives. The article aims to investigate the problems of determining the customs commodity cost in situations where part of the elements of the customs value calculated through the Transaction Value of Imported Goods (Method 1) method contains the VAT amount.
Methods. To study the problem, we used the methodological approaches of the World Trade Organization (WTO), the World Customs Organization (WCO), and the Russian judicial authorities.
Results. Based on the use of the methodological approaches, the article concludes that it is economically feasible and legally necessary to include the full amounts accrued in favor of contracting parties including VAT in the customs value of goods.
The Analysis of the Danish Pension System
Authors: FRUMINA Svetlana V.
Published: September 2021

Subject. The article focuses on the Danish pension system, which is well known for its reliability and the return on pension savings. The study discusses Denmark, because the number of population (over 80 percent) makes voluntary pension contributions, which resonates with the pension reform in the Russian Federation and the idea of convincing the Russian people make voluntary pension contribution to non-governmental pension funds.
Objectives. I make suggestions on adapting Denmark’s successful practices of using such pension products that provide for voluntary pension pension contributions. I analyze the Danish pension system by tier, statistics on people involved into various pension plans, determine strengths of cumulative mechanisms, which help independently save and preserve the standard of living of working people when they retire.
Methods. The article is based on methods of comparative analysis, induction, deduction, graphical representation.
Results. The article shows the amount of the governmental pension in Denmark, overviews variants of pension plans with definite contributions and payments, points out some common aspects of the Russian and Danish pension systems. I explain why the pension reform is needed due to demographic challenges, such as population aging and the inability of Russia’s pay-as-you-go pension system to ensure the decent living for the retired.
Conclusions and Relevance. The Danish expertise can be borrowed for the Russian practice so as to create the second and the third components (tiers) of the pension system, which would include professional and personal pension plans to be formed on the conditionally voluntary basis The suggestions herein can be used by executive authorities to outline new pension plans. As for the practical relevance, the article adapts some elements of the Danish pension system to the Russian practice.
Tüketicilerin Sosyo-ekonomik Nitelikleri ile Çevre Bilinci Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişki ve Çevre Dostu Gıda Ürünlerini Satın Almalarında etkili olan Faktörler
Authors: Çakmakçı Yusuf , Hurma Harun
Published: September 2021

This study examined whether there is a relationship between the socio-economic and demographic characteristics of consumers while purchasing food products and the level of environmental awareness and environmental consciousness. In addition, the factors affecting consumers' trust in environmentally friendly food products were examined. The data of the study were obtained from the questionnaires made with 171 people in the district of Süleymanpaşa in Tekirdağ. In the evaluation of the obtained data, frequency distributions, chi-square, and factor analyses were used. In the results of the research, it determined that the level of environmental friendliness of consumers in their general consumption habits differs according to their age, education, having children under the age of 10, monthly income level, monthly food expenditure level. Consumers over the age of 36 were found to be more environmentally sensitive than other consumers. Similarly, consumers with undergraduate and higher education were found to be more environmentally friendly than those who have under undergraduate education. On the other hand, factor analysis was applied to 11 variables that affect the confidence level of consumers for food products produced with environmentally friendly and human health sensitive production methods. 11 variables were grouped under 3 factors as “Legal regulations and promotion efforts”, “Certificates and label information” and “Product awareness”. When evaluated from this point of view, it revealed that certificates and label information are very important as well as legal regulations in increasing the reliability of environmentally friendly food products in the eyes of consumers. However, it is understood that the environmental attitudes of consumers should also be taken into account in consumer-oriented studies in the food products market today.
Proximate Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Functional Properties of Breadnut Seed Flour (Artocarpus camansi)
Authors: Alcon Cherry Lyn M , Barrion Aimee Sheree A , Nguyen-Orca Marie Faye
Published: September 2021

Breadnut is an indigenous fruit commonly found in Southeast Asia. The authors recognized the potential of breadnut as a food source; thus, the study was set out to determine the proximate composition and antioxidant activity of breadnut seed flour. The sample was found to contain 75% carbohydrates, 9.07% fat, and 6.16% protein. Moreover, the flour made from breadnut yielded a DPPH scavenging activity of 97.33%, an indication of high antioxidant capacity. The flour was blended with wheat flour to investigate its functional properties. It was observed that the 50:50 breadnut seed flour and wheat flour showed potential in terms of water absorption capacity, fat absorption capacity, emulsion capacity, and foaming ability. With the rising population and threat to food and nutrition security, alternative sources must be explored. This study illustrated the potential of breadnut as a source of energy and other nutrients. More so, its functional behavior as an alternative or at least composite to wheat flour.
The Effects of Different Irrigation Scheduling Approaches on Seed Yield and Water Use Efficiencies of Cotton
Authors: Tunalı Safiye Pınar , Gürbüz Talih , Dağdelen Necdet , Akçay Selin Muradiye
Published: September 2021

This study was conducted in the Aegean region conditions of Turkey in 2020. It was carried out on May-505, a local cotton variety. The study examined the variation of seed yield, water use efficiency (WUE), and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) of cotton with different irrigation programs and water levels. The field trial, which was designed as two factors and three replications, was designed according to the randomized complete block trial design. Four different irrigation levels (IL) (100%, 67%, 33%, and 0%) and two different irrigation scheduling approaches (gravimetric and pan evaporation) were investigated in the study. Seasonal water use values in treatments varied between 215 (0%) and 746 (100% - Pan evaporation approach) mm during the production period. The average yield values obtained with irrigation levels, which have essential effects on cotton seed yield, are listed as follows; 2057 kg ha-1 (IL-0%), 3471 kg ha-1 (IL-33%), 3771 kg ha-1 (IL-67%), and 5083 kg ha-1 (IL-100%). It was determined pan evaporation applications performed higher yields than gravimetric applications. WUE values were between 0.63 – 1.04 kg m-3. The gravimetric method’s yield response factor (ky) was 0.73, and the pan evaporation method’s yield response factor (ky) was 0.89. These results show that cotton is tolerant of water stress. In conclusion, although the pan evaporation approach with 100% treatment is suggested for cotton production in the parts of the Aegean region within the semi-arid climate zone, while water resources are sufficient. When the results are evaluated in terms of seed cotton yield for a deficit irrigation strategy, IL-67% treatment with a gravimetric approach can be used.
Changes That May Occur in Temperature, Rain, and Climate Types Due to Global Climate Change: The Example of Düzce
Authors: Koç İsmail
Published: September 2021

Global climate change is defined as a process that affects all living things and ecosystems globally and is claimed as the most critical problem of the current century. Turkey, which is shown as one of the most affected countries by this process, is among the “countries at risk.” It is stated that the temperature will increase throughout the country until 2100, and this increase may reach 6 ºC. In order to determine the possible effects of global climate change, it is necessary to predict how the climate structure and basic parameters may change. From this point of view, this study is aimed to determine the change of temperature and precipitation, climate types (according to De Martonne, Lang, and Emberger climate classification) which are the most critical climate parameters until 2050 and 2070 in Düzce, one of the important cities of our country. The current situation and possible changes in 2050 and 2070 have been compared using RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios. As a result of the study, the temperature, precipitation, and related climate types would change significantly throughout the province of Düzce, and this change will show itself as a significant temperature increase and change in precipitation regime. In addition, a shift in climate types towards continental climate types is predicted until 2070. In order to avoid the destructive effects of global climate change, it is recommended to take measures on a sectoral basis.
The Struggle for Mexican American Studies in Texas K-12 Public Schools: A Movement for Epistemic Justice through Creation/Resistance
Authors: Saldaña Lilliana Patricia
Published: September 2021

This article traces how Mexican American Studies (MAS) scholar activists led and supported a statewide movement for MAS in Texas. As a Xicana feminist scholar activist, Saldaña draws from her retrospective memory and personal archive of organizational notes, movement documents, personal testimonies before the State Board of Education, and photos, to document her journey within this epistemic justice movement. In doing so, she narrates the processes of creation/resistance that led to change in a state that has historically excluded Black, Brown, and Indigenous histories from school curricula. As a scholar activist involved in various parts of this movement, Saldaña also examines the various interconnected layers of this movement—from local efforts in San Antonio, where she teaches, to statewide organizing—to chronicle the institutional and grassroots processes that led to this historic victory in Texas.
Historias Americanas: Implementing Mexican American Studies in K-12 Social Studies Curriculum in the Rio Grande Valley
Authors: De La Trinidad Maritza , Alvarez Stephanie , Esquierdo Joy , Guajardo Francisco
Published: September 2021

This essay contributes to the growing literature on Mexican American Studies in K-12 within the broader field of Ethnic Studies. While most of the literature on the movement for Ethnic Studies within Texas and across the nation mainly focuses on the impact of Ethnic Studies courses on students’ academic success, this essay highlights a professional development program for K-12 social studies teachers in the Rio Grande Valley of South Texas entitled Historias Americanas: Engaging History and Citizenship in the Rio Grande Valley, funded by a federal grant. This essay provides an overview of Historias Americanas, the objectives and structure of the program, and the ways in which the program contributes to the discourse on Mexican American Studies in K-12. It also describes the frameworks that form the crux of the professional development process: place-based education and culturally relevant pedagogical frameworks.
Reading, Writing, and Revolution: Escuelitas and the Emergence of a Mexican American Identity in Texas
Authors: Orta-Puente Kristel A.
Published: September 2021

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Godność ludzka w kontekście poszanowania kultu przodków przedstawicieli różnych kultur
Authors: Szerszeniewska Izabela
Published: September 2021

Godność ludzka ma uniwersalny, ponadkulturowy i ponadnarodowy charakter. Każdy człowiek od chwili narodzin aż do momentu śmierci powinien być traktowany z należytą godnością. Poszanowanie kultu przodków, stanowiące element ludzkiego życia w inherentny sposób wiąże się z godnością człowieka. Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie znaczenia godności ludzkiej w kontekście poszanowania kultu przodków przedstawicieliróżnych kultur.
Historyczna wizyta duszpasterska zwana kolędą w nowej perspektywie pastoralno-homiletycznej
Authors: Łysy Hubert
Published: September 2021

W działalności duszpasterskiej Kościoła w Polsce wizyta duszpasterska, zwana kolędą, ma swoje określone miejsce i stanowi duże wyzwanie dla duszpasterzy. Jest co roku realizowana w podobny sposób, ponieważ w tym zakresie obowiązuje wygodne kryterium pasterskie: „zawsze się tak robiło”. Papież Franciszek w Evangelii gaudium stwierdza, że duszpasterstwo w kluczu misyjnym wymaga rezygnacji z tego wygodnego kryterium. Ta rezygnacja nie dotyczy samego wydarzenia kolędy, ale tego, co stało się pewnym utartym schematem jej przeżywania. Artykuł jest próbą podzielenia się nowym podejściem do odwiedzin duszpasterskich. Koneksja tego zagadnienia z przepowiadaniem słowa Bożego sprawia, że należy tutaj mówić o perspektywie pastoralno-homiletycznej. Aby ukazać wizytę duszpasterską w nowej perspektywie, sięgnięto do historii tego zagadnienia i ukazano współczesne wskazania Kościoła w Polsce w aspekcie prawnym, pastoralnym i liturgicznym. Zauważono, że brakuje takich opracowań, które zaproponowałyby w ramach tradycji przeprowadzenie tego wydarzenia duszpasterskiego „inaczej”. Niniejsze opracowanie, w punkcie trzecim, stanowi taką propozycję. Została ona określona jako „tematyczne przeżywanie odwiedzin duszpasterskich”, ponieważ proponuje się jeden temat, który stanowi dominantę spotkania kolędowego. Część modlitewna i konwersacyjna wizyty duszpasterskiej są realizowane przez pryzmat tego jednego tematu. Temat jest zapowiadany w homilii wprowadzającej w wizytę duszpasterską, a podsumowywany w homilii na jej zakończenie. Autor tego artykułu swoje naukowe przemyślenia weryfikuje w duszpasterskiej codzienności i dopiero wtedy, gdy się sprawdzają, dzieli się nimi. Ma nadzieję, że ta nowa perspektywa pastoralno-homiletyczna wizyty duszpasterskiej w jakimś stopniu przyczyni się do rezygnacji z kryterium: „zawsze się tak robiło”.
The Embodiment of the Myth about the Woman-Snake in A. Remizov’s Story “Melusina” and Armenian Legends
Authors: Sahakyan H. A.
Published: September 2021

In world folklore, both the Myth of the Snake-woman and the motive of the birth of “wonderful children” from half-humans-half animals are widespread.

Melusine is a fairy, a heroine of a folk tale of Celtic origin. Often depicted as a female-snake or female-fish from the waist downwards, sometimes with two tails. The Legend of Melusine goes back to the mythological motif of the “sacred marriage” of a chthonic being with a celestial deity, which was then transformed into the fabulous motif of the “wonderful spouse” (AaTh 400-459).

The folk legends we have considered about mermaids and other travesty of female characters in snakes reveal a direct connection with the cult of the goddess of love and fertility. All similar characters, like Melusine, reveal a connection with lunar symbolism, as well as with the other world. The moon and stars have a sacred symbolic meaning in the work of A. Remizov and accompany fragments of Melusine’s appearance, and are also present at all important and fateful events, such as the death of Emery, the Meeting of Raymond and Melusine at the source, and the Wedding.

We have revealed the similarity of Melusine’s image with fish-like and snake-like characters in Armenian folklore and mythological texts. The large luminous stone on Melusine’s forehead echoes the motif of the magic stone on the head of the king of snakes or frogs.

In the beliefs of the people, snakes personify spirits, the souls of ancestors. They live in their old homes and protect them. Both the serpent and the spirit of the ancestor are interested in the fertility of the clan and the fertility of the fields. Structurally A. Remizov’s Story consists of three parts: “The Story of the Story”, “Melusine”, “Kolovorot”. In his treatment of the legend of Melusine A. Remizov introduced psychological motivations for the actions of the heroes.
As a result of the study of the Legend of Melusine in the literary processing of A. Remizov, we can conclude that Melusine reveals the closest connection with the pagan deities of fertility, as well as all three fairy sisters are in one way or another connected with the Armenian Kingdoms and Armenian mythology.
Umgang mit Marktunsicherheiten in der Zielsystementwicklung: Methode zur Reduktion von Definitionslücken bei der Konkretisierung des Initialen Zielsystems
Authors:   Institut für Produktentwicklung (IPEK) am Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Zimmermann Valentin , Kempf Christoph ,   Institut für Produktentwicklung (IPEK) am Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Hartmann Leo ,   Institut für Produktentwicklung (IPEK) am Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Bursac Nikola ,   TRUMPF Werkzeugmaschinen GmbH + Co. KG Ditzingen, Albers Albert ,   Institut für Produktentwicklung (IPEK) am Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Published: September 2021

Der systematische Umgang mit Unsicherheiten, die in Form von Wissens- und Definitionslücken vorliegen, stellt eine zentrale Aktivität der Produktentwicklung dar. Im Zuge der Zielsystementwicklung liegen Unsicherheiten insbesondere in Form von aus Kunden- und Anwendersicht nichtzutreffender und fehlender oder unvollständiger Ziele und Anforderungen vor. Um bei der Konkretisierung des initialen Zielsystems dahingehend zu unterstützen, wurde eine Methode abgeleitet, welche die systematische Integration von Kunden und Anwendern in die Erhebung von Zielsystemelementen adressiert. Dabei formulieren Kunden und Anwender gemeinsam mit Produktentwicklern Ziele für das zu entwickelnde Produkt. Um dies zu unterstützen, werden die Ziele in Form von Satzschablonen formuliert, um die Vollständigkeit der Ziele zu gewährleisten. Weiter kann durch den Aufbau der Satzschablone sichergestellt werden, dass die Begründung in Form des Kunden- oder Anwendernutzens dokumentiert ist. Zusätzlich wurde ein Portfolio abgeleitet, welches die Ziele entsprechend der Zielgruppe und des relevanten Use-Cases strukturiert und damit fehlende Ziele darlegt. Im Rahmen einer Evaluation konnte gezeigt werden, dass durch die Anwendung der Methode in einem Entwicklungsprojekt von Hekatron Brandschutz die Vollständigkeit des Zielsystems gesteigert und die vorliegende Unsicherheit reduziert werden konnte.
The international business incubator as an entry mode – a systematic literaturę review
Authors: Nguyen Cao Son
Published: September 2021

Background: Entry mode choice is a topic that has interested academic researchers for decades. Entry modes have been frequently conceptualized along a continuum from the export, through various forms of contractual and equity-based cooperation with partners in foreign markets, to wholly-owned subsidiaries. However, the barriers and challenges related to entering foreign markets remain significant for newcomers. A new phenomenon, namely the “international business incubator” (IBI), which is aimed at facilitating an enterprise’s entry into a foreign market, has recently emerged and been described in the literature as a new entry mode.

Research purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the existing knowledge in the lit-erature relating to the IBI as a method of foreign market entry.

Methods: A systematic literature review using a keyword search in various academic databases was employed with the aim of answering the research questions proposed.

Conclusions: The findings indicate that although the IBI phenomenon has become more wide­spread, the literature on this topic is very limited at present. The findings also reveal that improved risk/control trade-off, lower market entry costs, enhanced knowledge, network relationship, trust, institutional aspects, and strategic resource commitment are the main characteristics that give IBI advantages over other entry modes. Based on the findings of the existing body of knowledge, the pa­per provides recommendations for future research, which can contribute to the literature on the IBI.
CAPA, CONTRACAPA, FICHA CATALOGRÁFICA, SUMÁRIO - VOLUME 9, N. 2, DA REVISTA REAMEC
Authors: Costa Dailson Evangelista , Ribeiro Marcel Thiago Damasceno
Published: September 2021

São apresentadas informações sobre a Capa, Contracapa, Ficha Catalográfica e Sumário do referido volume.
EDITORIAL DO VOLUME 9, Nº. 2, DA REVISTA REAMEC
Authors: Costa Dailson Evangelista , Ribeiro Marcel Thiago Damasceno
Published: September 2021

Este editorial objetiva apresentar os artigos publicados na Revista REAMEC - Rede Amazônica de Educação em Ciências e Matemática, volume 9, nº. 2, maio a agosto de 2021, e algumas informações a respeito do desenvolvimento da Revista neste período. Trata-se de um texto informativo que busca situar o leitor sobre os 30 artigos publicados no referido número, destacando os seguintes aspectos: título, autores, objetivo, síntese metodológica e principais resultados. Além disso, também apresentamos alguns aspectos qualitativos que consideramos significativos para os avanços e desenvolvimento deste periódico rumo à ciência aberta.
Diagnostics of anatomical obstruction of the lower urinary tract using uroflowmetry with a pharmacourodynamic test
Authors: Kvyatkovsky E.A. , Kvyatkovska T.O. , Pilin E.V.
Published: September 2021

Uroflowmetry is an effective, non-invasive method for detecting lower urinary tract obstruction. However, by the nature of the uroflowgram, it is impossible to distinguish between the anatomical and functional obstruction of the urethra. The aim of the study was to develop a screening non-invasive method for the diagnosis of anatomical urethral obstruction using uroflowmetry with a pharmacourodynamic test with selective alpha-1-blocker silodosin. The study involved 235 patients aged 66.2±1.8 years (from 30 to 76 years) with symptoms of the lower urinary tract (LUTS). Uroflowmetry was performed using a “Flow-K” uroflowmeter. Ultrasound examinations of the kidneys, prostate and bladder with determination of residual urine were performed using a HONDA HS-2000 ultrasound machine. All patients underwent a pharmacourodynamic test: repeated uroflowmetry 2.5-3 hours after a single dose of 8 mg of silodosin, taking into account the pharmacodynamics of the drug. During the pharmacourodynamic test, 15 patients with obstructive or obstructive-interrupted uroflowgram had no reaction to silodosin, which was considered a positive test for anatomical (mechanical) urethral obstruction. Аn increase the maximum and average volumetric flow rate of urine during urination by 25-30%, respectively from 9.02±0.24 ml/s up to 11.69±0.32 ml/s and from 5.64±0.21 ml/s to 7.03±0.25 ml/s, were noted in 220 patients with obstructive, obstructive-interrupted obstructive-intermittent or intermittent type of uroflowgram when conducting a pharmacaurodynamic test. Such results were considered negative for anatomical (mechanical) urethral obstruction. They testified to functional obstruction of the urethra, which was subsequently successfully corrected with prescribing selective alpha-1-blockers. Patients with a positive pharmacourodynamic test were prescribed further examination using such methods as ureteroscopy, urethrocystoscopy, retrograde urethrography, to confirm the violation of the patency of the urethra or bladder neck. Urethral stricture was diagnosed in 10 patients, a calculus of the posterior urethra in 2 patients, a median lobe of the prostate gland in 3 patients with BPH. In the presence of obstructive or obstructive-interrupted uroflowgram in patients with LUTS, the pharmacourodynamic test with silodosin can be used as a screening non-invasive test to detect anatomical obstruction of the lower urinary tract.
Modern approaches to local treatment of metastatic prostate cancer (literature review)
Authors: Golovko S.V. , Golovko A.S.
Published: September 2021

The potential oncological benefit of modern technological, laboratorial and imaging studies significantly improved disease-free survival rates in patients suffering from prostate cancer (PCa). Systematic reviews carried out in men with metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa) identify plenty of studies, especially dedicated to local treatment options. Unfortunately, young and fit patients with mPCa at diagnosis present unexpected resistance towards proposed treatment. Oncological outcomes demonstrate high rate of cancer-specific and overall mortality with precursory invasion of adjacent structures and impaired quality of life in patients.

Current literature review was carried out using mainly PubMed and SciELO database to identify and analyze advances of local treatment of mPCa. The most relevant articles included studies performed from March 2005 to November 2020.

According to the last brief reviews, main indication for providing primary treatment of PCa includes nonmetastatic PCa. Additionaly, it may be performed as palliative treatment for mPCa to minimize local invasion, prevent arising of new metastasis and provide better biological answer of chemotherapy and hormonal treatment. Recent data suggests that local treatment and overall survival turned out to be more effective in patients under 70 years. Thus, independent negative prognostic factors mentioned in patients with mPCa are age above 70 years, cT4 stage or high-grade disease, PSA і 20 ng/ml, and pelvic lymphadenopathies. While comparing patients who underwent local treatment with those one who did not, the presence of these 3 or more CSS and OS factors conditions remains the same. Metastasis degree and location number can also influence outcome. Furthermore, visceral metastases lead to worse prognosis.

Exploring new treatment options for mPCa awoke interest in scientists in recent years. Radical prostatectomy and target radiation therapy remain the most effective in achieving local disease control and, thus, control of systemic disease. There is growing evidence supporting local treatment in cases of metastatic prostate cancer at diagnosis in the context of a multimodal approach. However, its oncological effect requires prospective studies with well-defined patient selection criteria. Prospective multicentric studies might sustain the existing data and define the main indications for primary treatment in mPCa.
R&D Expenditure as an Accelerator of Economic Growth with Special Reference to Developing Countries
Authors: Ali Tariq Mahmood , Kausar Kiani Adiqa , Bashir Tariq , Khan Talah Numan
Published: September 2021

Purpose: In this network age, among the other factors which increase economic growth, the R&D activities, a pivotal and effective factor, carried out by a country. The present study attempts to investigate the empirical R&D expenditure-economic growth nexus in developing and developed economies, and also provides useful insight about how R&D investment works to enhance the economic growth of a country.

Design/Methodology/Approach: In this regard, 21 years data of top 100 economies of the world from 1995 to 2015 has been utilized. The Panel ARD Model approach has been preferred to explore the impact of R&D investment on economic growth (GDP). For construction of the estimation model, five different variables are used. In order to accomplish the results, along with analysing the data of 100 countries a whole, analysis has also been made by dividing countries into different categories and groups. Overall, the Panel ARDL test has been performed on nine different groups of countries.

Findings: The results reveal that, ceteris paribus, there is a strong positive association between R&D expenditure and economic growth (GDP) in the long-run; 1% increase in GERD leads to 0.07% increase in GDP. However, the impact in the developing countries (0.043%) is lower compared to the developed OECD countries (0.27%). No impact of the R&D expenditure on economic growth is observed in the short-run.

Implications/Originality/Value: The study presents some thought-provoking ideas, policy recommendations and implications for the policy makers, planners and researchers, especially in the context of developing economies.
Smoking intervention programme for male secondary-school students in south-western Saudi Arabia
Authors: Abolfotouh Mostafa A. , Abdel Aziz Mostafa , Badawi Ibrahim A. , Alakija Wale
Published: September 2021

A one-day antismoking programme was conducted for 289 students in a male secondary school in Abha, Saudi Arabia. The one-group pretest/post-test design to evaluate the programme was based on an Arabic version of the WHO standard questionnaire for young people. The results showed that the prevalence rate of regular smoking was 14.5%. The students showed marked variability in correct responses to various factual items. The programme had a significant impact on nonsmokers [P < 0.01] and prespecialty students [P < 0.01]. With the exception of smokers, the students showed an overall positive attitude towards public action, but the impact of the one-day programme was less than satisfactory