bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Manfaat dan Bentuk Pembiayaan Pengelolaan Daerah Perlindungan Laut Berbasis Masyarakat Berkelanjutan
Authors: Kurniawan Fery , Kodiran Taryono , Al Amin M. Arsyad
Published: May 2024

Pengelolaan daerah perlindungan laut (DPL) berbasis masyarakat (BM) berkelanjutan sangat tergantung pada nilai manfaat yang diterima oleh masyarakat, baik ekologi dan sosial. DPL memiliki manfaat yang besar bagi masyarakat. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai willingness to pay (WTP) yang berikan, baik willingness to donate (WTD) dan willingness to contribute time (WTCT), yaitu sebesar id r 1,050,955.00 per tahun (idr 87,579.55 per bulan) untuk WTD, dan 13.21 jam per bulan, atau idr 115,605.08 per individu per bulan untuk WTCT untuk aspek perencanaan dan implementasi program dan 12.62 jam per bulan, atau setara idr 110,395.87 per individu per minggu untuk WTCT untuk aspek pengawasan kawasan. Selain itu, nilai WTP dapat menjadi salah satu pendekatan dalam memperkirakan kebutuhan biaya pengelolaan DPL BM, yaitu berkisar antara idr 47,514,100.19 hingga idr 54,240,227.90 (WTCT) per tahun. Kedua pendekatan tersebut dapat diaplikasikan dalam memperkirakan kebutuhan biaya pengelolaan DPL BM yang berkelanjutan melalui mekanisme yang dapat disesuaikan dengan karakteristik lingkungan, sosial, dan dana desa.
Pemantauan Cerdas Berbasis Drone Thermal: Membangun Data Keanekaragaman Hayati Indonesia
Authors: Rahman Dede Aulia , Setiawan Yudi
Published: May 2024

Dalam dokumen Indonesian Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (IBSAP) 2015 2020, keanekaragaman hayati belum memberi dampak kesejahteraan dan peningkatan ekonomi masyarakat, padahal faktanya banyak kekayaan hayati Indonesia yang dapat dipergunakan namun belum tergali dan dipetakan secara maksimal. Tersedianya data dan informasi kehati nasional yang aktual akan memberikan banyak manfaat dalam penyusunan kebijakan nasional internasional dan perencanaan pembangunan yang tepat, serta informasi ilmiah yang selalu terupdate. Untuk mengetahui dan memetakan kehati tersebut, maka pembangunan data kehati perlu dilakukan melalui kegiatan Inventarisasi berbasis teknologi maju seperti drone. Adanya permasalahan pendata an kehati, seharusnya menyadarkan kita untuk tidak hanya menganda lkan kegiatan inventarisasi dengan pendekatan konvensional, namun perlu penguatan sistem pendataan kehati melalui pemanfaatan teknologi maju. Data kehati presisi terwujud, jika metode yang digunakan merupakan sintesis dari 3 indikator penting: kepraktisan, biaya dan output. Adapun sintesis ketiga indikator ini dinamakan Drone Smart Monitoring (DSM) yang telah diimplementasikan dalam membangun data kehati di beberapa kawasan konservasi di Indonesia.
Peran Budaya Dalam Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Dalam Konteks Pengembangan Wisata
Authors: Rachmawati Eva
Published: May 2024

Upaya pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam pengembangan wisata merupakan komponen penting dalam upaya pencapaian tujuan pembangunan wisata berkelanjutan. Upaya pemberdayaan masyarakat merupakan suatu proses yang context dependent, dimana perencanaan dan pelaksanaannya seharusnya tergantung pada kondisi masyarakat dimana program tersebut dilaksanakan. Dari kondisi te rsebut, maka terlihat bahwa budaya yang dimiliki oleh masyarakat akan mempengaruhi keberhasilan dari program pemberdayaan masyarakat tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa budaya dan norma yang berlaku di masyarakat ternyata memang dapat menjadi faktor penghambat dari pencapaian tujuan pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam konteks wisata. Adanya penerapan aturan dan norma masyarakat umumnya terjadi karena tidak adanya kebijakan dari pemerintah. Atau kalaupun ada, peraturan tersebut belum mengakomodir keberagaman budaya yang ada di masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan suatu upaya untuk merancang peraturan kebijakan yang mengakomodir keberagaman tersebut.
Perlindungan Konsumen Terhadap Klausula Eksonerasi Pada Sektor Jasa Keuangan dan Retail
Authors: Syarifa Rizka , Rahmawati Laeli , Andini Putri Fildzah , Simanjuntak Megawati
Published: May 2024

Penyelundupan klausula eksonerasi menjadi salah satu penyebab meningkatnya pengaduan konsumen. Klausula eksonerasi merupakan syarat dan ketentuan yang membatasi, atau meniadakan tanggung jawab yang seharusnya dibeba nkan kepada pelaku usaha. Sebagian besar syarat dan ketentuan yang berasal dari 56 dokumen formulir kontrak dan kuitansi pada sektor jasa keuangan dan retail melanggar Pasal 18 UUPK No.8 Tahun 1999 atau mengandung klausula eksonerasi. Di sisi lain, banyak konsumen yang memiliki pengetahuan yang masih sangat kurang terkait klausula eksonerasi, konsumen menerima tanpa mempertanyakan klausula tersebut. Badan Penyelesaian Sengketa Konsumen (BPSK) sebagai lembaga yang melakukan pengawasan pencantuman klausula ek sonerasi berdasarkan Undang Undang Perlindungan Kosnumen No. 8 tahun 1999 masih lemah dan pasif karena tidak ada petunjuk teknis dan petunjuk pelaksanaan. Perlu ada lembaga khusus di tingkat pusat dengan kewenangan untuk melaksanakan pengkajian dan validas i perjanjian baku yang akan diberlakukan oleh pelaku usaha agar comply dengan peraturan perundang undangan dan standar yang ada sebelum digunakan oleh pelaku usaha.
Usul Revisi SK Gubernur Sumut Tentang Perikanan Keramba Jaring Apung di Danau Toba Sebagai Solusi Konflik Sosial
Authors: Hutagaol Manuntun Parulian , Tanjung Tanjung , Nirmala Kukuh , Pujihastuti Yuni
Published: May 2024

Pemerintah telah menetapkan Danau Toba (DT) sebagai tujuan wisata internasional , namun pengembangannya menghadapi banyak kendala, seperti kondisi air DT yang tercemar. Salah satu faktor penyebabnya adalah usaha perikanan keramba jaring apung ( KJAKJA), sehingga Pemerintah Provinsi Sumatera Utara menetapkan daya dukung DT untuk perikanan KJA sebesar 10.000 ton per tahun yang jauh lebih kecil dari rata rata-rata produksi yang dihasilkan nelayan lokal. Hal ini telah memicu t erjadinya konflik sosial. Untuk menemukan solusi ini maka dilakukan penelitian dan hasilnya menunjukkan kualitas air DT Status Mesotropik menuju Eutropik dan daya dukungnya sekitar 60.000 ton per tahun. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, maka perlu dilakukan rev isi SK Gubernur Sumatera Utara tersebut menjadi 60.000 ton per tahun.
Daulat Pangan di Desa Tambang
Authors: Purwandari Heru , Sita Rai
Published: May 2024

Sektor pertambangan secara drastis merubah bentang alam pedesaan dan menggeser peran petani sebagai kelompok yang berdaulat atas agroekosistem. Perubahan yang terjadi serta merta menggiring pada terciptanya sistem penghidupan yang baru bagi petani. Sayangnya, dalam banyak kasus, situasi ini meminggirkan peran petani sebagai penyedia pangan komunitas. Petani tidak dapat secara cepat beradaptasi dengan transformasi bentang alam yang terjadi dan tetap bertahan pada model pertanian konvensional dengan produktivitas yang makin menurun. Campur tangan pemerintah harus hadir guna mengatur ekspansi pertambangan danmengembalikan kualitas hidup masyarakat sekitar tambang dalam berbagai dimensi.
Implementation of Character Education for Students in the Era of Digitalization
Authors: Karo-Karo Selamat , Pardede Marioga , Simamora Prietsaweny Riris T , Tamba Losten
Published: May 2024

The aim of this research is to describe the importance of character education for students in the era of digitalization in producing students who are disciplined, honest, responsible, tolerant, self-confident, communicative and creative, in accordance with the ideals of Pancasila in order to develop moral students. The research method used was by distributing questionnaires, questionnaires, documentation. The questionnaire given regarding character was immediately filled in by all first semester students at the Indonesian Business and Computer Institute. The research results show that character education is very important to prevent moral and ethical decline, so character education must be promoted from the start of entering college. From the results of the research, students were provided with several main character values, including: religiousness, nationalism, integrity, independence and cooperation. Each value does not stand and develop independently, but interacts with each other, developing dynamically and forming a whole
Analysis of Students’ Mathematical Communication Skills In Review of Self-Efficacy In The Project-Based Learning Model Using Project Assessment
Authors: Noor Hanif Juhar , Masrukan Masrukan , Dewi Nuriana Rachmani
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this research is to examine the effects of project-based learning (PjBL) and project-based assessment on students' mathematical communication skills (KKM) and KKM as it relates to students' confidence in their own abilities to learn mathematics using PjBL. There is a sequential explanatory design included into the mixed-methods study. Based on their self-efficacy levels, six research participants were selected from among X-to-8th graders at SMAN 6 Cirebon. First, the PjBL learning model with project assessment raised the bar for mathematics education in KKM schools, and second, students who scored higher on the self-efficacy scale were more likely to achieve all KKM indicators, including the following: (1) transforming mathematical problems into written mathematical ideas; (2) expressing mathematical problems visually (through drawings or models); (3) demonstrating organized and structured problem-solving in writing; and (4) writing written evaluations of mathematical ideas. Only subjects in the moderate self-efficacy groups met the KKM indications, which include the ability to verbalize mathematical concepts, as well as the ability to visualize or model mathematical issues. Only subjects in the low self-efficacy group were able to fulfill the KKM indicators, which include the following: assessing mathematical concepts in writing and presenting orderly and structured written mathematical problem solving
SISTEM PAKAR ANALISIS PERBEDAAN STUNTING DENGAN FAMILIAL SHORT STATURE PADA BALITA MENGGUNAKAN METODE CERTAINTY FACTOR
Authors: Taraleuw Zetiano A , Leiwakabessy A.Y. , Latuny J.
Published: May 2024

Stunting merupakan kondisi gagal tumbuh pada balita dalam 1000 hari pertama ia lahir ke dunia, stunting bukanlah penyakit namun dapat berdampak buruk bagi tumbuh kembang balita selanjutnya seperti terlambat dalam menerima pelajaran dan dampak jangka panjangnya yaitu mudah terserang penyakit seperti darah tinggi. Stunting harus dideteksi sejak dini agar orang tua balita dapat memperbaiki gizi balita untuk mengurangi pengaruh stunting. Namun dalam penanganannya, kader di posyandu seringkali susah membedakan stunting tersebut dengan kondisi pendek diturunkan dari orang tua (familial Short Stature) karena ciri-ciri stunting yang hanya dapat dilihat dari tinggi badan balita yang dibawah standar saja. Klasifikasi biasanya dilakukan untuk memisahkan data tinggi badan balita dibawah standar yaitu kurang dari 2 deviasi untuk mendapatkan data stunting, namun mengingat didalam data tersebut masih terdapat data balita yang hanya pendek saja, diperlukan analisis lanjutan untuk dapat membedakan data pendek tersebut dengan stunting. Untuk itu peneliti menciptakan sebuah sistem pakar menggunakan metode certainty Factor yang dibuat dengan menggunakan php, mysql, javascript dan diprogram oleh Visual studio code diterapkan untuk dapat menganalisis perbedaan stunting dan pendek. Cara kerjanya yaitu dengan menentukan himpunan aturan perbedaan, menghitung faktor keyakinan, menggabungkan faktor keyakinan dan mengambil keputusan. Hasil yang didapat adalah dari 532 data balita dibawah standar, terdapat 91 yang dinyatakan stunting oleh sistem dan 58 lainnya hanya mengalami kondisi gen pendek atau Familial Short Stature. Ini membuktikan bahwa tidak selamanya balita yang pendek itu diturunkan oleh gen orang tuanya dan juga sebaliknya tidak selamanya Balita yang pendek itu mengalami Stunting
ARAHAN PENGELOLAAN SUMBER DAYA AIR DI DESA LELINGLUAN KECAMATAN TANIMBAR UTARA
Authors: Metiaman Chelsea L. , Berhitu Pieter Th. , Putuhena Jusmy D.
Published: May 2024

Air adalah sumberdaya yang sangat berguna bagi makhluk hidup terutama manusia untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup sehari-hari. Namun sampai saat ini, penyediaan air bersih untuk masyarakat desa masih menjadi masalah kompleks yang sering dihadapi seperti permasalahan yang terjadi di Desa Lelingluan Kecamatan Tanimbar Utara Kabupaten Kepulauan Tanimbar yang sampai saat ini masih kekurangan air bersih. Masyarakat desa Lelingluan menggunakan sumur gali sebagai sarana untuk mendapatkan air bersih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kondisi eksisting sumber air bersih serta memberikan arahan pengelolaan sumber daya air di desa Lelingluan dengan menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan analisis DPSIR. Dengan melakukan wawancara, pengamatan (observasi) dan membagikan kuisioner kepada masyarakat sebagai responden yang berjumlah 85 KK. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa sumber air di desa Lelingluan memiliki potensi air yang bersih dan jernih dengan rasa yang tawar namun pada musim kemarau debit air berkurang dan kotor sehingga mempengaruhi rasa pada air yang menjadi asin bahkan ada yang kering mengakibatkan masyarakat sulit mendapatkan air bersih, maka diperlukan arahan bagi masyarakat berupa sosialisasi tentang tata kelola sumber daya air yang bijak agar air bersih yang layak dapat mudah diakses sebagai kunci utama yang menentukan kualitas kesehatan masyarakat.
Analisis Tingkat Kesejahteraan Rumah Tangga Nelayan Tradisional di Dusun Pulau Osi, Desa Eti, Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat
Authors: Assagaf Khalid G. , Barcinta Muhammad F. , Ukratalo Abdul M. , Rijoly Stefanno M.A.
Published: May 2024

Kehidupan masyarakat nelayan tradisional di Dusun Pulau Osi membawa tantangan dan dinamika tersendiri, khususnya dalam hal mencapai tingkat kesejahteraan yang optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat kesejahteraan rumah tangga nelayan tradisional di Dusun Pulau Osi, Desa Eti, Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat. Metode penelitian yang diterapkan melibatkan survei dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara langsung menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur kepada anggota rumah tangga nelayan tradisional. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kesejahteraan rumah tangga nelayan tradisional di Dusun Pulau Osi berada dalam kategori sedang. Faktor-faktor seperti kurangnya infrastruktur pendukung, keterbatasan akses ke pasar, dan dampak perubahan iklim menjadi hambatan utama yang signifikan mempengaruhi tingkat kesejahteraan mereka.
KOMPOSISI KIMIA DAN PROFIL ASAM AMINO TERASI UDANG ASAL DESA NAMARA KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN ARU
Authors: Wenno Max R. , Leiwakabessy Jusuf , Wattimena Martha L. , Tupan J. , Parinussa Kesya
Published: May 2024

One of marine products that is potentially managed in Aru Regency is rebon shrimps. In Namara, a village in Aru Regency, rebon shrimps are processed into shrimp paste. The process is following several steps. Firstly, the dry and wet shrimps are mixed by the ratio of 1:1, and then the shrimps are pounded to form paste by using wooden mortars. The next step, the paste is fermented at room temperature for one week to two weeks before it is molded. After that, the mold paste is dried for approximately two to three days, and then the shrimp paste is traditionally packaged using typical dry leaves. The proximate analysis shows that the shrimp paste contains 34.00% of protein, 4.10% of fat, 24.00% of moisture, and 13.9% of ash. The dominant essential amino acids are lysine (2.85%), leucine (2.34%) and valine (1.6%), whereas the non-essential amino acids are glutamate (3.40%), asparatic (2.32%) and alanine (1.58%).
PEMANFAATAN TEPUNG UNDUR-UDUR LAUT (Hippa sp.) UNTUK PEMBUATAN CEMILAN STIK.
Authors: Silaban Bernita Br , Nanlohy Esterlina E. E. M.
Published: May 2024

Flour derived from mole crabs (Hippa, sp) can be used as ingredients in making snack sticks. Snack sticks are savory long flat cakes with a crunchy texture. The study aimed to analyze the physico-chemical characteristics of the mole crab flour and the sticks snack. The method used was an experimental approach by analyzing some parameters of the materials. Firstly, the physical characteristics comprised texture, smell, taste, and color. Secondly, chemical characteristics included the content of water, ash, fat, protein, carbohydrate (by difference) and minerals. In terms of minerals, the analysis was divided into two parts, namely the contents of Ca, Mg, Fe from flour and those from snack sticks. The result shows that the physical characteristics of mole crab flour are dry, smooth, not lumpy, clean. The flour also has a marine specific odor and light brown color. The chemical characteristics contain 18,69% of water, 16,33% of ash, 7,83% of lipid, 40,48% of protein, 16,67% of carbohydrates. Moreover, the minerals are 26,52 mg/gr of Ca, 10,20 mg/gr of Mg, and 0,04 mg/gr of Fe.  The processed snack sticks are physically characterized by a dry and firm texture. In addition, the snack is brown with a typical shrimp taste. It contains 3,5% of water, 25,63% of ash, 17,4% of lipid, 13,87% of protein, 39,6% of carbohydrates. Furthermore, the mineral comprises 28,85 mg/gr of calcium, 11,50 mg/gr of magnesium, 26,99 mg/gr of potassium, 0,22 mg/gr of iron, and 0,31 mg/gr of Zinc.
PROFIL ASAM AMINO DAN KUALITAS PROTEIN LOBSTER BAMBU (Panulirus versicolor) SEGAR
Authors: Lalopua Vonda Milca N. , Silaban Bernita Br , Gaspers Febe F. , Labobar Stansa
Published: May 2024

Lobster is one of the important economic commodities for export and local consumption. Panulirus versicolor is a sea water lobster that has tender meat, high protein content, and low fat, cholesterol and salt content. The research was conducted to determine the protein content, amino acid profile and protein quality of fresh lobster bambu (Panulirus versicolor). Parameters  tested were  protein content, amino acid profile, chemistry score/amino acid score and prediction of the protein efficiency ratio (P-PER). The results showed that the bambu lobster meat has 15,8% protein content, 15 amino acid consists of 9 essential amino acids and 6 non essential amino acids. The highest essential amino acid content was arginine, 12,42%, and the lowest was treonine at 1,7%. The highest non essential amino acid was glutamic acid at 7,06% while the lowest was tyrosine at 1,4%. The limiting amino acid was methionine. The protein quality of the lobster bambu (Panulirus versicolor) is categorized as medium protein quality.
Review of Non-Fiction Science Picture Books for Pre-School Children
Authors: Doğanay Koç Esra
Published: May 2024

Science education in the pre-school period can use different methods and techniques. One such method is the Turkish language practice of non-fiction and fiction science picture books for children. It is thought that non-fiction science picture books are important in terms of developing children's scientific vocabulary. This study aimed to examine non-fiction science picture books for children selected from different publishers. The research was carried out using the document analysis method, a descriptive research model. In the study, data on 59 science-themed picture books selected from different publishing houses were collected through the Picture Story Assessment Scale and the Assessment List for Children’s Non-Fiction Science Picture Books developed by the researcher. According to the results of the research evaluating non-fiction science picture books for pre-school children using the Assessment Scale for Children’s Picture Books, all the books are at an adequate level; the most narrated non-fiction science picture books are preferred; and the problem-solving process is included in most of the books. The most common scientific content among the standard science fields, is life science, especially environmental and weather events. The number of scientific words used is sufficient and most of the books are suitable for science education. It is thought that the science-themed children's picture books selected according to the evaluation list included in this study will be beneficial in terms of realizing science education effectively. Suggestions are made in light of the research results.
Природные условия внутренней колонизации России в осмыслении М. К. Любавского и проблемы пространственного развития страны
Authors: Цинцадзе Нина
Published: May 2024

The article analyzes the concept of academician M. K. Lyubavsky about the peculiarities of the colonization of Russian territory through a natural-geographical focus. It is noted that it was one of the theories of historical development, among which special attention was paid to the natural factors of the genesis of political and socio-economic forms of society. M. K. Lyubavsky developed and clarified the views of S. M. Solov’yev, V. O. Klyuchevsky and a number of foreign scientists about the influence of natural and climatic conditions of historical progress, providing them with original reasoning based on specific historical and geographical studies of the state-territorial evolution of Russia in the 19th – early 20th centuries. In particular, he advanced the idea of the internal, natural colonization of the country by Slavic ethnic groups, their settlement in Northern Eurasia in places with sufficient natural resources for economic management, which led to an uneven distribution of the population throughout the country, an extensive economy and depletion of natural resources. The scientific value and relevance of the historian's reflections in the light of state long-term planning for the spatial development of Russia is emphasized. In addition, the paper focuses on the rationality of the practical implementation of the ideas of co-evolutionary development of nature and society, which has the potential to relieve socio-natural tension through rational environmental management.
Review of Gillis, M. B. (ed.) Carolingian Experiments. Interdisciplinary Studies in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance
Authors: Fedonnikov Nikita A.
Published: May 2024

One of the most recent volumes devoted to the study of Carolingian society is ‘Carolingian Experiments’, published by Brepols in 2022, edited by Matthew Gillis (University of Tennesee Knoxville, Department of History), a specialist in the cultural and intellectual history of the early Middle Ages. The volume, which brings together the works of ten authors, became the result of the conference held in 2017 at the Marco Institute for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, the University of Tennessee. The studies are based on the interpretation of Chris Wickham, who defines the Carolingian era as a bold experiment by the ruling dynasty, aimed at the reorganization of power and society (Gillis 2022: 9). The authors themselves stated their aim as an attempt to present the Carolingian era from an unexpected, unusual angle and to develop the idea of ‘experimentation’ in a wider research field in various spheres of public life (Gillis 2022: 11–12). The formulation of research questions often looks very provocative, and the results are bold and sometimes even far-fetched, but this is precisely what allows medievalists to reconsider the perception of this historical period.
إمكانيةُ المُساهمةِ الشَّعبويَّةِ في دمقرطة النِّظامِ السِّياسيِّ العراقيِّ بعد عام 2019
Authors: العلياوي سماح مهدي صالح
Published: May 2024

إنَّ إشاعة النظام الديمقراطي يعني ترسيخ القانون، وتحقيق العدالة، وتنمية الوعي بالسُّلوك والحريَّة بما يخدم الصالح العام، ويحقِّق الأهداف العُليا للمجتمع، وحينما ترتبط عملية التحوُّل الديمقراطي باستعمال القوَّة الصَلِبة الّتي لا تراعي المُتغيِّرات الداخلية فإنها تصدم بمعوِّقات، فقد أخذت الولايات المتَّحدة على عاتقها توظيف الديمقراطية في العراق بعد عام 2003، واستثمار مخرجاتها بما يتلاءم والاستعمال المتعسف للقوَّة، وصياغة عملية سياسيَّة قائمة على الديمقراطية التوافقية، والتعدُّدية الحزبية الفضفاضة. ونتيجة للانعكاسات السيكولوجية والقيمية الّتي أفرزها المشروع الأميركي، فقد حاولت القِوى الوطنيَّة إعادة هيكلة البنية السِّياسيَّة، وتأسيس فضاء اجتماعي يرتكز على التنوع والتمثيل والصِّراع السِّلمي على السُّلطة، غير أن تضارب المصالح الحزبية، والتدخُّلات الخارجية، والانهيارات المتكررة في بناء مؤسَّسات الدَّولة حالت من دون التقدُّم، وزادت من التنافر بين مراكز الاستقطاب في السُّلطة، وبين الأفراد والجماعات، وقد حاولت الأنتليجنسيا إعادة التوازن الاجتماعي والقِيَمي السِّياسيّ بعد المطالبات الجماهيرية عام 2019، لإقامة مشروع سياسي وثقافي ديمقراطي عِبرَ تفكيك البنية الشمولية للدَّولة العميقة، وإرساء منظومة متكاملة للحريَّة على أسسٍ عقلانية تقوم على أقطاب المواطن والمجتمع والدَّولة.
نظام الكوتا النسوية بوصفه مدخلاً لبناء المجتمع العادل : دراسة في تمكين المرأة الكوردستانية
Authors: مجيد أ.م.د.حسام الدين علي , الخطاط أ.م.د.زاله سعيد يحيى
Published: May 2024

يمكن القول أنَّ ماهيّة الكوتا النسوية تتمثل في ضرورة قيام الدولة بالتدخل في إحداث التغيير لِصالح المحرومين من النساء والأقليات الثقافية، ومن منظورِ أنَّ العدالة التعويضية تقتضي التعامل بصورةٍ متفاوتة مع المُتباينين ثقافياً وإقتصادياً لِصالح المحرومين منهم. وإنَّ مجرد التمتع بالكوتا لا يعني تحقيق كامل المساواة بعامة، بل يُعَّدُ ذلك بمثابة خطوةٍ كبيرة نحو تحقيق هذا الهدف، لِكون الأخير يتطلَّب بالضرورة مجموعةً من الآليات القانونية وغير القانونية الهادفة الى تمكين المرأة والتوسيع من قدراتها، مما يفسَح السبيلَ لِجعل دائرة الاختيار المتاحة أمام المرأة مساويةً لدائرة الاختيار والقدرات المتاحة أمام الرجل. من جانبٍ متصل، فإنَّهُ في ظلِّ غياب الدستور الكوردستاني المكتوب، ينبغي إجراء حُزمةٍ من الاصلاحات القانونية لِمجموعةٍ القوانين والتعليمات ذات العلاقة وبصورةٍ متزامنة، من أجل تحقيق الغاية الرئيسية والمتمثِّلة في التمكين السياسي للنساء، وعبر الأخذِ بفكرةٍ حاكمة لِجانبَين مترابِطَين: أولهما يتمثّل في إزالة مختلف المعوقات القانونية ذات العلاقة بمشاركة النساء السياسية. أما الثاني فيتجسَّدُ في الجمع بين اتخاذ العقوبات تجاه الاحزاب التي لا تتبنى الكوتا أو تتبناها بنسبٍ مُتدنية، وبين تقديم الحوافز المادية للأحزاب والكيانات السياسية التي تتبنّى الكوتا النسوية بنسبٍ تمثيليةٍ تَفوقُ الحصة المقرّرة وتنتهج البرامج الداعمة للمرأة.
Algunas reflexiones sobre el lugar de las mujeres en la antropología graciana
Authors: Elías Carlos Tomás
Published: May 2024

En la obra de Baltasar Gracián, filósofo y literato español del siglo XVII, se pueden encontrar diversos planteos antropológico-filosóficos. Entre ellos, la reflexión acerca de la diferencia ontológica entre varones y mujeres cuenta con un papel fundamental. Para el autor, el sexo con el que se nace condiciona las posibilidades de desarrollo tanto físicas como racionales y morales. En este sentido, no todo ser humano cuenta con las mismas potencialidades ni tiende a las mismas cosas. Teniendo esto en cuenta, este trabajo pretende brindar una aproximación acerca de cómo es que se entiende a la mujer y el lugar que ocupa en algunas de las secciones más notables de la producción graciana.
Ausencias y presencias corporales en Alguien muere en San Onofre de Cuarumí de Josefina Plá y Ángel Pérez Pardella
Authors: Bianchi Paula Daniela
Published: May 2024

El siguiente artículo aborda la ausencia y la presencia de los cuerpos en Alguien muere en San Onofre de Cuarumí (1984), novela escrita a cuatro manos por la escritora paraguaya adoptiva Josefina Plá (1903-1999) en coautoría con el escritor argentino Ángel Pérez Pardella (1927-2007). Asumo la categoría de cuerpos como proyectos políticos en la literatura de Josefina Plá, que recrean eventos corporales a través de los recuerdos y de las emisiones de la lengua. La corporalidad remite a aquello que le da cuerpo a las presencias y ausencias corporales (Bianchi, 2019). Tomo esta categoría para luego centrarme en la figuración de los cuerpos físicos de los personajes dispuestos en la novela y de los cuerpos textuales en relación con la palabra y la lengua, o las lenguas: español, guaraní y jopará.
Isabel Oyarzábal y su obra I must have liberty: compromiso en defensa de la república
Authors: García Martín Francisco David
Published: May 2024

Este trabajo pretende mostrar la interrelación que presentan la otredad y el final de la Guerra Civil española en torno al concepto de libertad dentro de las memorias de Isabel Oyarzábal Smith, tituladas He de tener libertad (1940). Sus reflexiones muestran el examen de cómo los republicanos se han convertido en el diferente, y deben huir fuera de España para evitar la destrucción de una identidad comunitaria basada en la libertad como máxima política. A través del análisis de sus palabras, la necesidad del individuo de seguir luchando por sus ideales incluso tras la derrota nos enseña el valor de la ética personal frente a los condicionantes impuestos por la realidad.
Repartos territoriales y estéticos en "On seeing England for the first time" de Jamaica Kincaid
Authors: Castro Daniela Belén , Massano María Constanza
Published: May 2024

El colonialismo produjo, en términos socioculturales, relaciones asimétricas de poder entre metrópolis y colonias: a aquellos dominados les fue atribuida una posición de alteridad que desde luego los condenó a un panorama de exponencial desigualdad con respecto a los colonizadores. Desde una apoyatura teórica (Ranciére, 2014) e incorporando reflexiones y aportes de distintas entrevistas, este trabajo intenta repensar y subvertir aquellas categorías, disciplinas y discursos estigmatizantes, proponiendo desarmar el relato colonial a través de la mirada que nos propone la escritora antillana J. Kincaid en su ensayo “On Seeing England for the First Time” (1991), quien busca desprenderse de la impronta colonial imperante en el Caribe con el fin de construir un discurso contrahegemónico, participando, así, de las políticas contemporáneas de la identidad.
Los "monstruos" de Hogwarts: ciudadanía y frontera en los relatos del Wizarding World, de J. K. Rowling
Authors: Gagliardi Lucas
Published: May 2024

Este trabajo explora el modo en que se trabaja la figura del monstruo en las obras de J. K. Rowling ubicadas dentro de la continuidad ficcional del Wizarding World. Se aporta una mirada tematológica que considera las relaciones configuradas dentro del propio mundo ficcional, con reglas y axiologías específicas. La metodología articula técnicas cuantitativas y cualitativas del análisis del discurso. En primer lugar, se recurre al relevamiento de las formas discursivas empleadas en estas narraciones para nombrar a diferentes grupos de seres; a partir de los resultados se realiza un análisis cualitativo que pone en consideración diferentes aspectos de estas historias: construcción de personajes y mundo, aspectos políticos y éticos de la diégesis. El análisis muestra que en estos relatos la monstruosidad se desplaza: en lugar de identificar a las criaturas no humanas en forma rotunda, estas ficciones deslizan la monstruosidad al terreno de la representación de personajes humanos. Por ello se sostiene que estos relatos discuten la construcción de la alteridad y los derechos dentro del mundo ficcional.
Manuales de preparación al DELE A2: las imágenes de la prueba oral y sus receptores
Authors: Cabanillas Resino Marta , Sánchez Gordaliza Judith
Published: May 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar de forma crítica la relación entre las imágenes que proponen los manuales de preparación al Diploma de español (DELE) de nivel A2 editados a partir de 2020 en España y el perfil estadístico del candidato que se presenta a dicha prueba en España como elemento para obtener la nacionalidad. A partir de la descripción del candidato al examen DELE A2 en España y, por tanto, destinatario potencial de los manuales de preparación para superar dicha prueba, se detallan los criterios de selección del corpus de manuales y se someten a análisis las imágenes que estos proponen para preparar la prueba oral, en la que se produce una mayor implicación personal por parte del candidato. El estudio sugiere que el destinatario potencial no está suficientemente representado y que el contexto de las imágenes dificulta la abstracción que se solicita en la prueba.
Transforming the Problem of “Computer Didactics” and Approaches to Its Solution Due to the Developing Information Technologies
Authors: Pechnikov Andrey
Published: May 2024

The article discusses the causes of the “computer didactics” problem, the essence of the options for its perception from the teachers’ and programmers’ perspective. The role of pedagogy in creating processes and electronic training systems is determined from the standpoint of the design methodology. The basic laws of interaction between pedagogy and computer science are revealed in the process of designing electronic learning. Zones of responsibility of pedagogy and computer science are established for implementing the stages of creating systems and processes of electronic learning when using non-intellectual and intellectual information technologies. The feasibility of constructing electronic learning based on using neural networks in the didactic system “Tutor” is justified. The essence of the “computer didactics” problem is revealed when using the information technology of neural networks. An original approach to its solution is proposed.
Application of Vaginal Ultrasound and Hysteroscopy in the Diagnosis of Perimenopausal Endometrial Lesions
Authors: Tuersun Buzuolaguli , Zhang Qinghua
Published: May 2024

Background: This study aimed to investigate the utility of transvaginal ultrasound and hysteroscopy in diagnosing abnormal uterine bleeding in peri-menopausal women. Methods: Between September 2021 and March 2023, 176 women presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were subjected to both hysteroscopy and transvaginal ultrasound examinations. Results: There was a significant discrepancy between the pathological diagnoses and the findings from transvaginal ultrasound (p < 0.05), with a Kappa coefficient of 0.475, indicating moderate agreement. Similarly, a significant difference was observed between the results of pathological diagnosis and those obtained via hysteroscopy (p < 0.05), with a Kappa coefficient of 0.669, suggesting substantial agreement. The combined diagnostic approach yielded a Kappa value of 0.784, demonstrating a better consistency and indicating superior diagnostic efficacy. In diagnosing peri-menopausal abnormal uterine bleeding, transvaginal ultrasound exhibited a sensitivity of 89.7%, specificity of 66.7%, and a negative predictive value of 46.7%. Hysteroscopy showed higher sensitivity and specificity at 94.8% and 76.2% respectively, but a relatively low negative predictive value of 66.7%. The combined diagnostic approach further improved the sensitivity and specificity to 97.4% and 81.0% respectively, with a negative predictive value of 81.0%, surpassing those of the individual methods. For the etiological diagnosis of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) caused by endometrial polyps, hysteroscopy achieved a concordance rate of 93.3%, significantly outperforming transvaginal ultrasound, which had a rate of 77.3% (χ2 = 7.670), thus demonstrating higher detection efficiency. Conclusions: Transvaginal ultrasound and hysteroscopy are valuable diagnostic tools in the etiological assessment of peri-menopausal AUB. Transvaginal ultrasound, being safe and cost-effective, is preferable for initial etiological screening of AUB, though it carries the risk of underdiagnosis and misdiagnosis. Despite the higher cost and reduced convenience of hysteroscopy, its combination with pathological examination significantly enhances the detection rates of cancerous and precancerous lesions. Consequently, the integration of transvaginal ultrasound with hysteroscopy is recommended for the comprehensive diagnostic evaluation of endometrial lesions in peri-menopausal women with AUB, facilitating early diagnosis and treatment.
Development and Evaluation of a Scoring System for the Expectant Treatment of Residual Tissue Expulsion after Medical Abortion for Patients with Missed Miscarriage, a Prospective Study
Authors: Zhang Huanhuan , Huang Jian , Jiang Meiyan , Lin Zhenyun , Zhang Hongyan
Published: May 2024

Background: Missed miscarriage patients with residual tissue in the uterine cavity after medical abortion can be treated by surgery and expectant therapy. Because surgery may cause damage to the endometrium, expectant treatment is preferred clinically. However, the individual probability of expulsion of residual tissue from the uterus remains unelucidated. The present study used logistic regression analysis and nomogram to create a scoring system for quantitatively evaluating the individual probability of residual tissue expulsion in patients with missed miscarriage. Methods: A cohort of 126 patients with missed miscarriage who had residual tissue after medical abortion were included in the trial after receiving their informed consent. Of these patients, 102 and 24 patients had successful and failed expectant treatment, respectively. Results: Logistic regression analysis showed that gravidity, residual tissue size, and residual tissue with blood supply significantly affected the probability of expulsion of residual tissue after medical abortion. A special nomogram was constructed for predicting the probability of successful expulsion. At the maximum Youden index of 0.696, the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was 0.849; this corresponded to a score of 77.78 and probability of residual tissue expulsion of 71%. Conclusion: A scoring system was established based on a nomogram. The success rate of residual tissue expulsion from the uterine cavity was significantly improved at the total score of 77.78 points after assigning influence weights to each influencing factor and an AUC of 0.849.
Suture Methods and Ancillary Techniques for Uterine Incision in Transumbilical Single-Port Laparoscopic Myomectomy
Authors: Wu Yihan , Miao Miao , Chen Jiming , Chen Yao , Xia Bairong , Shan Wulin , Xing Tingwei , Wei Weiwei , Tang Bin , Du Yu , Zheng Hong
Published: May 2024

Objective: Myomas of the uterus are the most common benign tumors of the female reproductive system. This article presents a detailed review of the suturing methods and ancillary techniques for uterine incision used in transumbilical single-port laparoscopic myomectomy in order to provide a reference for beginners and a research direction for the future development of this surgery. Mechanism: The authors reviewed credible search engines and literature databases (such as PubMed) for the period 2000–2023, extracted published data and content, and summarized the collected information. This was combined with the authors own surgical experience to provide a detailed description of the suture methods and ancillary techniques for uterine incision used in transumbilical single-port laparoscopic myomectomy. Findings in Brief: This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the suture methods and ancillary techniques for uterine incision commonly used in transumbilical single-port laparoscopic myomectomy. The advantages and limitations of different methods are also recognized. Conclusions: Suture methods for uterine incision in transumbilical single-port laparoscopic myomectomy include: simple interrupted suture, figure-of-eight suture, interrupted mattress suture, simple continuous suture and baseball type suture. Ancillary techniques for uterine incision in transumbilical single-port laparoscopic myomectomy include: needle hook assisted method, suspended line method, one-handed operation method and the modified operative method.
DEPDC1B is a Novel Direct Target of B-Myb and Contributes to Malignant Progression and Immune Infiltration in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zuo Xiaofeng , Wang Dongyu , Tao Chuntao , Dou Xuanqi , Zhao Zongrong , Zhang Jinlu , Huang Shiyi , Li Yue , Zhang Xia , Bu Youquan , Wang Yitao
Published: May 2024

Background: Lung cancer is the primary cause of cancer-related deaths, with one of the highest incidence and mortality rates of all malignant tumors. Dysregulated expression of DEPDC1B has been reported to occur in various tumor types. However, the functional implications of this alteration in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the role and clinical significance of DEPDC1B in LUAD. Methods: The expression of DEPDC1B in LUAD and its relationship with prognosis were systematically evaluated in several publically available datasets. The effects of DEPDC1B knockdown on the proliferation and motility of LUAD cells were assessed using the JULI Stage Real-time Cell History Recorder, while the effect of knockdown on the cell cycle was studied by flow cytometry. Furthermore, RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis was conducted to identify the downstream target genes and pathways regulated by DEPDC1B. Correlations between the expression of DEPDC1B and immune cell infiltration, immunotherapy resistance, and chemoresistance were also examined. Additionally, molecular biological methods were used to explore the regulatory mechanism of B-Myb on DEPDC1B expression. Results: DEPDC1B was found to be upregulated in LUAD patients and this was associated with poor clinical outcomes. Knockdown of DEPDC1B inhibited cell growth, migration and motility, as well as cell cycle progression. Knockdown also resulted in the down-regulation of several downstream genes, including NID1, FN1, and EGFR, as well as the inactivation of multiple critical pathways, such as the ERK and PI3K-AKT pathways. Analysis of the tumor immuno-environment in LUAD revealed that high DEPDC1B expression was associated with an abundance of activated CD4+ memory T cells, M0 macrophages, M1 macrophages, and CD8+ T cells. Moreover, these tumors responded poorly to immunotherapy. Analysis of chemo-drug sensitivity showed that LUADs with high DEPDC1B expression were more responsive to frontline chemotherapeutic drugs such as Vinorelbine, Cisplatin, and Etoposide. Additionally, mechanistic investigations revealed that DEPDC1B is a direct target gene of B-Myb, and that its knockdown attenuated the proliferation and motility effects of B-Myb. Conclusions: In summary, our findings indicate that DEPDC1B is a critical regulator during the malignant progression of LUAD. DEPDC1B could therefore be a promising prognostic marker and therapeutic target in LUAD diagnosis and treatment.
Intracardiac Echocardiography: An Invaluable Tool in Electrophysiological Interventions for Atrial Fibrillation and Supraventricular Tachycardia
Authors: Hu Tong , Chen Tongshuai , Maduray Kellina , Han Wenqiang , Zhong Jingquan
Published: May 2024

Researchers have investigated ways to develop optimal imaging techniques to increase the safety and effectiveness of electrophysiological (EP) procedures. Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) is an advanced imaging tool that can directly visualize cardiac anatomical structures in high resolution, assess tissue heterogeneity and arrhythmogenic substrates, locate intracardiac catheters, monitor catheter-tissue contact and ablation injury in real-time, excluding intracardiac thrombi, and quickly detect procedural complications. Additionally, real-time imaging via ICE can be integrated with a three-dimensional (3D) electroanatomical mapping (EAM) system to reconstruct cardiac anatomy. This technique also promotes the development of zero-radiation EP procedures. Many EP studies and procedures have implemented ICE because it has several advantages over fluoroscopy and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). ICE-guided EP procedures can be performed under conscious sedation; esophageal intubation and additional anesthesiologists are not required. Atrial fibrillation (AF) and supraventricular tachycardias (SVT) are the most common tachyarrhythmias in clinical settings. A comprehensive understanding of critical anatomical structures, such as the atrial septum, fossa ovalis (FO), and great heart vessels, is needed for the successful catheter ablation of these arrhythmias.
Association between Human Blood Proteome and the Risk of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Wang Linghuan , Zhang Weiwei , Fang Zhiyi , Lu Tingting , Gu Zhenghui , Sun Ting , Han Dong , Wang Yabin , Cao Feng
Published: May 2024

Background: The objective of this study is to estimate the causal relationship between plasma proteins and myocardial infarction (MI) through Mendelian randomization (MR), predict potential target-mediated side effects associated with protein interventions, and ensure a comprehensive assessment of clinical safety. Methods: From 3 proteome genome-wide association studies (GWASs) involving 9775 European participants, 331 unique blood proteins were screened and chosed. The summary data related to MI were derived from a GWAS meta-analysis, incorporating approximately 61,000 cases and 577,000 controls. The assessment of associations between blood proteins and MI was conducted through MR analyses. A phenome-wide MR (Phe-MR) analysis was subsequently employed to determine the potential on-target side effects of protein interventions. Results: Causal mediators for MI were identified, encompassing cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) (odds ratio [OR] per SD increase: 1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13–1.18; p = 1.29 × 10-31), Selenoprotein S (SELENOS) (OR: 1.16; 95% CI: 1.13–1.20; p = 4.73 × 10-24), killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DS2 (KIR2DS2) (OR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.90–0.96; p = 1.08 × 10-5), vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 29 (VPS29) (OR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.90–0.94; p = 8.05 × 10-13), and histo-blood group ABO system transferase (NAGAT) (OR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.03–1.07; p = 1.41 × 10-5). In the Phe-MR analysis, memory loss risk was mediated by CT-1, VPS29 exhibited favorable effects on the risk of 5 diseases, and KIR2DS2 showed no predicted detrimental side effects. Conclusions: Elevated genetic predictions of KIR2DS2 and VPS29 appear to be linked to a reduced risk of MI, whereas an increased risk is associated with CT-1, SELENOS, and NAGAT. The characterization of side effect profiles aids in the prioritization of drug targets. Notably, KIR2DS2 emerges as a potentially promising target for preventing and treating MI, devoid of predicted detrimental side effects.
Developing a Machine Learning Model to Predict 180-day Readmission for Elderly Patients with Angina
Authors: Luo Yi , Song Xuewu , Tong Rongsheng
Published: May 2024

Background: Readmission of elderly angina patients has become a serious problem, with a dearth of available prediction tools for readmission assessment. The objective of this study was to develop a machine learning (ML) model that can predict 180-day all-cause readmission for elderly angina patients. Methods: The clinical data for elderly angina patients was retrospectively collected. Five ML algorithms were used to develop prediction models. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), area under the precision recall curve (AUPRC), and the Brier score were applied to assess predictive performance. Analysis by Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) was performed to evaluate the contribution of each variable. Results: A total of 1502 elderly angina patients (45.74% female) were enrolled in the study. The extreme gradient boosting (XGB) model showed good predictive performance for 180-day readmission (AUROC = 0.89; AUPRC = 0.91; Brier score = 0.21). SHAP analysis revealed that the number of medications, hematocrit, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were important variables associated with 180-day readmission. Conclusions: An ML model can accurately identify elderly angina patients with a high risk of 180-day readmission. The model used to identify individual risk factors can also serve to remind clinicians of appropriate interventions that may help to prevent the readmission of patients.