bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mining for a week or for centuries: Variable aims of flint extraction sites in the Mons Basin (Province of Hainaut, Belgium) within the lithic economy of the Neolithic
Authors: Collin Jean-Philippe
Published: November 2017

The Mons Basin (Province of Hainaut, western Belgium) is a geologically rich region, particularly from the point of view of Upper Cretaceous sedimentary deposits, conducive to an important flint gathering activity during the whole regional Prehistory. Focusing on the Neolithic period, indications of flint procurement as early as the end of the 6th millennium have been recorded, but there are concrete evidences of mining sites in the region since the second half of the 5th millennium. Flint extraction activities have lasted at least until the second half of the 3rd millennium. According to literature and recent researches, eleven sites could be extraction sites, including the World Heritage site of Spiennes. This paper critically assesses the accuracy of the data available and focuses on the issue of the unequal function of these extraction sites and their socio-economic function for Neolithic communities. Is it really possible to establish a hierarchy between the extraction sites? Can different acquisition-production strategies be highlighted? These questions are dealt with by synthesizing the data concerning the methods of flint exploitation in the Mons Basin, the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the products relative to the production intentions but also by addressing the issue of their importance in exchange networks.
New data concerning “large blades” in Catalonia: Apt-Forcalquier chert in the Penedès (south of Barcelona) during the Late Neolithic - Chalcolithic
Authors: Mangado Llach Javier , Vaquer Jean , Gibaja Bao Juan Francisco , Oms Arias F. Xavier , Cebrià Escuer Artur , González Olivares Cynthia Belén , Martín Colliga Araceli , Marín Dioscórides
Published: November 2017

The study of large chert blades documented in funerary contexts from the Late Neolithic to the Early Bronze Age in the north-eastern part of Iberia has been addressed in recent works by the authors, in which 49 burial sites have been registered with more than 200 large chert blades. In this paper the recent data obtained from the study of seven archaeological sites located in the region of the Penedès (southwest of Barcelona) is presented.The macroscopic characterization of the knapped stone industries shows their great variety regarding the origin of the siliceous raw material, often coming from outside the analysed region. In some cases their macroscopic features link them to Apt-Forcalquier chert (Haut Provence, France), which was widely distributed in the form of large blades during these phases of Late Catalan prehistory.The absence of evidence of the chaîne opératoire production of this type of foreign chert in the lithic assemblages in Catalonia lead to the supposition that the dispersion of the blades was done as trade items, and only in a few cases were highly complex technological tools of this kind of raw material distributed (e.g., daggers). Use-wear analysis reveals that these blades were not merely luxury items in grave goods. Far from this idea, they have to be considered as functional, even multifunctional, items. All the same, it is thought that they must have had an important value because they moved from the domestic sphere to the graves. In fact, the pieces that usually remain are not small fragments, but whole or almost whole, large blades that normally remain effective.
Archaeopetrological approximation to the lithic procurement of the neolithic axes and adzes from Can Sadurní’s cave (Begues, NE Iberian Peninsula)
Authors: Rey-Solé Mar , Alías Gemma , Ache Mireia , Fierro Elicinia , Edo Manel , Mangado Xavier
Published: November 2017

Can Sadurní’s cave, located in Begues (NE Iberian Peninsula), in the Baix Llobregat region, is an archaeological site with a wide stratigraphic sequence covering from the Epipaleolithic hunter-gatherers societies at the beginning of the Holocene to Roman times. During the excavations of the last years a large number of different raw materials used for the manufacture of axes have been recovered.The present study is focused on the Neolithic sequence. 31 axes and adzes have been characterised petrographically with the aid of a binocular microscope and transmission microscope. A great variety of rocks constitute the raw materials of these stone tools, ranging from contact and regional metamorphic rocks to plutonic and porphyric igneous rocks. The formers are the most abundant (up to 78%) and include hornfels, spotted phyllites, marbles, quartzites, slates and phyllites. The igneous rocks consist of granodiorite, porphyry and aplites. Such a great assemblage of rocks matches in a geological context representative of a plutonic intrusion and its metamorphic contact aureole. Following that scenario we suggest that the most likely source area for all these materials occur at the Collserola hills, at 27 km far to the east from the cave, at the other side of the Llobregat River, where an Hercynian granodiorite and related igneous rocks intruding Ordovician metasedimentary materials are presented.
Searching for the Scottish Late Upper Palaeolithic: A case study from Nethermills Farm, Aberdeenshire
Authors: Ballin Torben Bjarke , Wickham-Jones Caroline
Published: November 2017

In connection with the recent examination, cataloguing and discussion of approximately 30,000 mainly Mesolithic lithic artefacts from Nethermills Farm at Banchory in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, excavated by the late James Kenworthy in the late 1970s and early 1980s, a small number of finds were identified as almost certainly whole or fragmented Late Upper Palaeolithic lithic artefacts, and others as pieces likely to date to this period. The Nethermills flint objects add to a growing list of Late Upper Palaeolithic sites and implements identified across Scotland, including tanged and other points, scrapers, and truncated pieces from Howburn in South Lanarkshire and Kilmelfort Cave on the Scottish west-coast, as well as tanged and other points from the Western and Northern Isles, with eastern Scotland so far having yielded none. On the basis of this case study, the authors suggest an approach for the continued search for Late-Glacial settlers in Scotland in general, as well as for further investigation of the large Nethermills Farm assemblage. The proposed approach suggests that we focus not only on diagnostic tool forms (in particular, tanged and backed points), which have been the focus of Scottish Late Upper Palaeolithic research thus far, but also include other chronologically significant elements, such as diagnostic technological attributes and full operational schemas.
Economic Vision and Political Opposition in Malaysia, 1981-96, The Politics of the Mahathir
Authors: Teik Khoo Boo
Published: November 2017

This article approaches Malaysian politics from 1981 to 1996 in two ways.

First it reviews important political events so as to capture the critical issues

and political themes of four sub-periods of the 'Mahathir era'. Second, it

interprets the consequences of the political struggles of the entire period in

relation to major social and political developments in Malaysian society. For

the latter part, the article considers such socio-political trends as the

emergence of new political and bureaucratic alignments resulting from

Mahathir's modernizing, industrializing and privatizing agenda; the

centralization of executive power; authoritarianism; the formation of a

stateecapital alliance; and, the tensions felt in Mahathir's shift from the New

Economic Policy to Vision 2020.'
Western Crisis, Asian Identities, and Cultural Power
Authors: Lee Raymond M.
Published: November 2017

The crisis of modernity in the West has problematized the notion of culture.

Sweeping changes in mass communications, emergence of new social

movements, intensification of cultural experiences, and strident voices of

minority groups have contributed to altered perceptions of self and

collective identities. Furthermore, the failure of the West to maintain

structural dominance in the economic sphere has opened the way for

increased debates about the power of culture. These emerging issues in the

West may have a significant impact on Asian societies that are experiencing

economic growth, since they are struggling to acquire a modern identity

without losing their traditional referents. A growing recognition of

multiculturalism and cultural resources in the West may in the long run

influence the formation of an Asian modernity in which cultural assertiveness

dictates the terms of socio-economic development. The aims of this

article are to delineate some reasons for the rediscovery of culture, its

ideological and practical consequences, and their implications for the future

of Asian and Western development.
Occupational Pattern and Income Inequality in A Sichuan Village
Authors: Fenger Peter , Folke Steen , Jørgensen Allan , Milthers Peter , Odgaard Ole
Published: November 2017

This article is based on a stay in Xin Cun village in Sichuan province during most of the month of March 1988. The participants of the field work were organized in four groups, dealing with agriculture, village industry, family Peter Fenger, Steen Folke, Allan Jsrgensen, Peter Milthers and Ole Odgaard and womens issues and organization and decision making. All groups carried out numerous interviews with village leaders and ordinary villagers, using formal questionnaires as well as informal checklists. All interviews were undertaken without accompanying officials, and no questionnaires were subject to official approval. Important knowledge was acquired when accomodated in the private homes of villagers, who patiently answered our innumerable questions.

We have chosen to concentrate on the occupation and income situation, as we succeeded in obtaining detailed quantitative data on these issues for each and every household in the village.

We are aware of the question of reliability. The data material is not without lacunae and inconsistencies, and some of these will be discussed in this presentation. However, we have no reason to believe that this detailed statistical material, obtained from the village authorities, should not be authentic and, generally speaking, correct. The interviews we conducted with numerous families both confirmed the overall validity and revealed some minor discrepancies.
Kulturelle skel i Danmark
Authors: Prieur Annick , Rosenlund Lennart
Published: November 2017

I denne artikel analyseres sammenhængen mellem kulturelle præferencer og social baggrund ud fra et surveymateriale om kulturelle forbrug i Aalborg, der underlægges korrespondance- og klusteranalyser. Der træder tydelige mønstre frem i form af forskelle i præferencer, og disse forskelle kan knyttes til forskelle i kulturel og økonomisk kapital. Dog synes ikke en inddeling i tre hovedklasser efter mønster fra Bourdieus Distinction oplagt i disse danske data, hvor de mest kapitalstærke grupper heller ikke har en lige så markeret smag. Det er hverken luksus, klassisk dannelse eller avantgardisme, der særkender de mest kapitalstærke i Aalborg, men forskellene fra den mere folkelige smag er alligevel tydelige, hvorfor modsætninger mellem det abstrakte og det konkrete, mellem det sjældne og det almindelige, det kostbare og det billige, deltagelse eller ikke deltagelse mv. kan trækkes. Derigennem tegnes også et billede af forskelle både mellem forskellige kapitalstærke grupper og mellem forskellige mindre privilegerede grupper.

Søgeord: Kulturelle forbrug, Bourdieu, multipel korrespondanceanalyse, klasser, kulturel kapital.

ENGELSK ABSTRACT:
Annick Prieur and Lennart Rosenlund: Cultural Differences in Denmark
The aim of this article is to analyze the relationship between cultural preferences and social background on the basis of survey data about cultural consumption in the Danish city Aalborg. The data are subjected to multiple correspondence analysis and cluster analysis. Some clear patterns appear regarding preferential differences that may be related to differences in economic and cultural capital. A division, however, into three main classes, like Bourdieu did in Distinction, does not seem evident in these Danish data, in that the respondents who have the highest levels of capital do not have very distinctive tastes. They are not characterized by luxury, classical education or avant-gardism; but the differences from more popular tastes are still evident in distinctions between the abstract and the concrete, the rare and the common, the expensive and the cheap, participation and non-participation etc. Therefore it is possible to draw a picture of differences between privileged groups and less privileged groups.

Key words: Cultural consumption, Bourdieu, multiple correspondence analysis, classes, cultural capital.
Genopdagelsen af gadens kultur – om Isaac Joseph og den pragmatiske vending i fransk bysociologi
Authors: Severin Frandsen Martin
Published: November 2017

Denne artikel tager afsæt i den aktuelle sociologiske og offentlige diskussion om offentlige byrum og præsenterer nyere og i dansk sammenhæng stort set ukendte bidrag fra den strømning i fransk sociologi, der betegnes som ”den pragmatiske vending”. Artiklen har to hovedpointer. For det første at den pragmatiske bysociologi kan bidrage til denne diskussion ved at beskrive og fremhæve betydningen af de oftest upåagtede og dagligdags kompetencer, ved hjælp af hvilke byboere skaber sociale overenskomster og fredelig sameksistens på offentlige steder i socialt og kulturelt differentierede byer. For det andet at bysociologien ifølge de pragmatiske sociologer ikke kan standse ved analyser af segregation, ghettodannelser og lokale fællesskabers tilegnelser af territorier. ”At tænke byen” indebærer at bevæge sig videre til også at undersøge de byrumsmæssige design og trafikale forbindelser og passageveje, der skaber sammenhængen i det urbane væv og tillader byboeren at overvinde fremmedheden på et ikke fortroligt territorium.

ENGELSK ABSTRACT:

Martin Severin Frandsen: Rediscovering Urban Culture and Public Space: On Isaac Joseph and the Pragmatic Turn in French Urban Sociology

This article analyses current sociological and public discussions concerning public urban spaces, and introduces new (and in a Danish context largely unknown) contributions from the movement in French sociology that has been labelled ”the pragmatic turn”. The article makes two main arguments. Firstly, the pragmatic urban sociology can contribute to these discussions by highlighting the importance of the often unnoticed and everyday civilities through which city-dwellers create social agreements and peaceful co-existence in public places in socially and culturally heterogeneous cities. Secondly, urban sociology cannot, according to the pragmatic sociologists, stop with inquiries into segregation, ghettos and local populations appropriations of territories. Imagining the city implies moving on to explore the designs of public spaces and public transit systems that create continuity and mobility in urban agglomerations and allow city-dwellers to overcome the strangeness of unfamiliar territories.
Irakerne i kirken
Authors: Meilvang Marie Leth
Published: November 2017

I denne artikel undersøges den offentlige debat i de danske aviser vedrørende situationen omkring de afviste irakiske asylansøgere, der tog ophold i Brorsons Kirke i København, maj 2009. Artiklen kortlægger med udgangspunkt i Boltanski og Thévenots teori om retfærdiggørelse og pragmatiske handlingsregimer de måder, hvorpå aktørerne i debatten retfærdiggør deres vurderinger af situationen. Artiklen viser, hvordan debatten foregår i tre forskellige regimer: Det civile, barmhjertighedens og voldens. Disse forskellige regimer peger mod forskellige handlinger og evalueringer af situationen og viser, hvorfor debattens aktører er uenige om, hvordan situationen og irakerne skal bedømmes. Artiklen viser, hvordan aktørerne i debatten arbejder med og udvider modellerne for moralsk retfærdig handlen.
ENGELSK ABSTRACT: Marie Leth Meilvang: Newspaper Debates about Rejected Iraqi Asylum Seekers who Sought Refuge in a Danish Church This paper examines the public debate in the Danish newspapers concerning the rejected Iraqi asylum seekers who moved into the Brorson’s Church in Copenhagen, May 2009. Using Boltanski’s and Thévenot’s theories about regimes of justification and pragmatic action-regimes the article will map out the ways in which people in this debate justify their judgment of the situation. The article shows how the debate is going on in three different kinds of regimes: The civil regime, the compassion/pity regime and the violence regime. These different regimes point toward different kinds of action and evaluation of the situation, which is why the actors in the debate disagree about how the situation and the Iraqis should be judged. The article shows how the actors in the debate are working on and developing models of just and moral behavior. Key words: Justification, Brorson’s Church, asylum seekers, Boltanski, Thévenot.
Den bureaukratiske elite – karriereveje og topposter i centraladministrationen
Authors: Magelund Krarup Troels
Published: November 2017

Artiklen kortlægger ved korrespondanceanalyse karriereveje for 122 topembedsmænd i centraladministrationen. Artiklen har tre anliggender: 1) at opdatere og nuancere billedet af den bureaukratiske elite i Danmark, som det kendes fra tidligere politologiske studier; 2) at positionere analysen i et europæisk perspektiv og i forhold til en anden dansk elite, topdirektører; og 3) at eksemplificere visse teoretiske og metodiske fordele ved felt- og korrespondanceanalyser uden så nær anknytning til Bourdieus sociologi, som det almindeligvist ses i magtstudier, bl.a. ved at introducere brug af idealtyper. Analysen understreger den stærke sociale reproduktion af magtens felt i statens top og den stigende ”djøficering” og politisering af centraladministrationen, men også at stadigt flere kvinder, yngre og mere alsidige karriereveje gør sig gældende. Analysen viser to vigtige modsætninger i topembedsmændenes karriereveje mellem henholdsvis feltinterne og -eksterne udgangspunkter og mellem dynamiske (moderne) og statiske (traditionelle) avancementer. På den baggrund opstilles fire idealtyper, som tjener til illustration af variation i rummet: den klassiske embedsmand, den moderne leder, specialisten og den politiske rådgiver. Overordnede ligheder med den tyske elitemodel (bred rekruttering og lille sektoriel cirkulation) og med topdirektørernes karrierevej i Danmark identificeres, men nuanceres forskelligt for hver af de fire idealtyper.

ENGELSK ABSTRACT:

Troels Magelund Krarup: The Bureaucratic Elite – Career Trajectories and Top Posts in the Central Administration in Denmark

This article endeavors to: 1) update and elaborate the knowledge about the bureaucratic elite in Denmark; 2) position this analysis in a European perspective and in relation to another Danish power elite, top CEOs; and 3) exemplify some theoretical and methodological advantages of field and correspondence analysis without the usual close conjunction with Bourdieu’s sociology, by introducing a new use of ideal types. In this study correspondence analysis is used to map career trajectories for 122 Danish top civil servants. The analysis stresses the strong reproduction of the field of power in the state’s top and the ongoing “djoefization” (i.e. employment of people with a social science education) and politicization of top civil servants. But it also indicates that more women and younger people have begun to appear in the field. Two important oppositions are found in career trajectories: between field internal and external backgrounds and between static (traditional) and dynamic (modern) advancements. Four ideal-types are constructed to illustrate the variation: traditional bureaucrat, modern leader, specialist and political adviser. Resemblances with the German elite (broad recruitment and low private-public circulation) and with top CEOs in Denmark are identified, but elaborated differently for each of the four ideal types.

Key words: Bureaucracy, elite, correspondence analysis, the state, top civil servants, political advising.
”Jeg kan godt sige ”innovativ” – jeg siger det tit”. Begrænser innovationsdiskursen innovation i praksis?
Authors: Wegener Charlotte
Published: November 2017

Innovationsbegrebet er centralt i debatten om fremtidens velfærdssamfund, og innovation fremstår nu som et imperativ for både samfund og arbejdspladser. Men hvad betyder innovation i en offentlig kontekst egentlig, og hvilken betydning har innovationsimperativet for aktører i deres daglige praksis på offentlige arbejdspladser? Fra et empirisk perspektiv udfolder artiklen en begrebsanalyse af innovation og viser, hvordan innovationsbegrebets betydninger skabes gennem lokale aktørers diskurser. Fra et demokratiseringsperspektiv argumenteres efterfølgende for, at lokale aktørers perspektiver på innovation skal ses som en konstruktiv ressource, der kan bidrage til bæredygtig udvikling i praksis.

ENGELSK ABSTRACT:

Charlotte Wegener: Does Innovation Discourse Restrict Innovation?

The elder care sector in Denmark is one of the main welfare state areas in which innovation is on the agenda. Economic constraints, demographic changes including more elderly and reduced budgets are the arguments advanced by politicians and public opinions leaders for adopting a radically new way of thinking. If this does not happen, they argue, quality and ethics – and consequently citizens and staff – will suffer unnecessarily. The solution promulgated is innovation. This article investigates the ways in which the innovation discourse unfolds on the practice-based level – among students and staff in the elder care sector and at the social and health care college, which trains care workers. It examines the discourses among employees, managers and students who are supposed to be innovative and take part in implementation of innovative changes within their organization or in cross-organizational collaboration in social and health care and education. It asks whether innovation discourse facilitates innovation. The article concludes that the actors are engaged in the concept of innovation; however, there is a tendency to invest this engagement into producing more discourse. Meanwhile changes in the social sector proceed in parallel processes with no interaction with, or even in opposition to the innovation discourse.

Key words: Public innovation, discourse, social actors, the social and health care sector.
Fra usikkerhed om sygdom til usikkerhed om bivirkninger. En aktør-netværksteoretisk analyse af usikkerheder om influenza A (H1N1)
Authors: Blom Andersen Nina , Almlund Pernille
Published: November 2017

I artiklen præsenteres en analyse af nogle af de kontroverser eller usikkerheder, der opstod i forbindelse med den pandemiske svineinfluenza, der spredte sig globalt i 2009. Med udgangspunkt i en aktør-netværksteoretisk analyse viser denne artikel, hvordan identifikationen af virus sætter gang i en lang række strategier for håndtering rundt omkring i verden, og hvordan der genereres en stigende kompleksitet i usikkerhederne, fra virus identificeres i Mexico og 9 måneder frem. Den situerede analyse viser også, hvordan der blev skabt kontroverser og relationer, der var særlige for Danmark. Analysen peger på, at kontroverserne var overskuelige i spørgsmålet om virus’ farlighed og i spørgsmålet om, hvordan man kan håndtere at smitten breder sig. Usikkerheden omkring den virus, der viste sig at være mild og ikke så dødelig, som først antaget, var overskuelige. Den vaccine, der indledningsvis blev anset for at være en måde at håndtere truslen om influenzaen på, blev til gengæld med tiden til en større usikkerhed og skabte mere komplekse kontroverser end influenzaen selv. Artiklen peger derfor bl.a. på, at myndigheders og lægevidenskabens håndtering af influenzaen er et eksempel på en hændelse, der udvikler sig til en socio-teknisk kontrovers.

ENGELSK ABSTRACT:

Nina Blom Andersen and Pernille Almlund:
From Insecurity about Illness to Insecurity about Side-Effects: An Actor-Network Based Analysis of Insecurities Surrounding Influenza A (H1N1)

This article analyses some of the controversies that emerged in relation to the swine flu epidemic that spread across the globe in 2009. Applying an actor- network analysis, we demonstrate how identification of the virus initiated several strategies for dealing with it globally. We also show how a growing complexity of controversies can be identified by the time the virus is detected in Mexico. However the analysis also reveals that the production of some of these controversies is specific in a Danish context. The analysis shows that it was possible for the Danish health authorities to deal with the controversies related to the threat of the virus and the controversies concerning minimizing the contagion. In other words, the uncertainty about the virus – milder and less mortal than initially predicted – was manageable. However, the vaccine, initially regarded as a strategy to treat the threat of the virus, turned out to be an even worse threat than the virus itself. It turned out to initiate more complex controversies than the flu itself. Our article suggests that the public authorities’ and the medical science community’s management of the flu are an example of how an incident turns into a socio-technical controversy.

Key words: ANT, pandemic flu A (H1N1), uncertainties, risk.
Når hudfarven forsvinder: Hvordan etnisk blandede folkeskoler skaber tillid til indvandrere
Authors: Albrekt Larsen Christian , Ringgaard Morten , Kantharooban Prashanth , Senthilnathan Aynkaran Anton , Johansen Tim Sloth , Holbøll John Linaa
Published: November 2017

Artiklen analyserer, hvorvidt blandede skoler skaber tillid mellem etniske danskere og indvandrere. Ved hjælp af et eksperimentelt design dokumenteres det, at etnisk danske børn på homogene ”hvide” skoler har mindre tillid til personer med anden hudfarve, mens den tilsvarende effekt er fraværende blandt etnisk danske børn på heterogene skoler. Det støtter den såkaldte kontakthypotese og afkræfter den såkaldte konflikthypotese. Der var ikke en klar effekt fra venskabsrelationer på tværs af hudfarve og erfaring med ikke-hvide lærere. Derfor argumenteres for, at effekten skal forklares med, at heterogene skoler ophæver grænsedragninger mellem ind- og ud-grupper baseret på hudfarve. Endelig viser artiklen, at effekten fra hudfarve er signifikant mindre hos elever, der er socialiseret til at være tillidsfulde.

ENGELSK ABSTRACT:

Christian Albrekt Larsen, Morten Ringgaard, Prashanth Kantharooban, Aynkaran Anton Senthilnathan, Tim Sloth Johansen and John Linaa Holbøll:
When Skin Color Disappears: How Ethnically Mixed Public Schools Create Trust of Immigrants

The article examines the extent to which ethnically mixed schools generate trust between ethnic Danes and immigrants. It is based on an experimental research design. Ethnic Danes in homogeneous “white” schools have less trust in “non-white” persons, while this is not the case in ethnically mixed schools. The results support the contact-thesis and contradict the conflict-thesis of trust in immigrants. This effect cannot be explained by stronger inter-ethnic friendships or experience with non-Danish teachers. The article argues that the most plausible explanation of these results is that the pupils in the mixed schools simply do not apply skin color in constructing in- and out-groups. The analysis also shows that the negative effect of skin color is weaker among pupils with a general disposition to trust.

Key words: Contact thesis, conflict thesis, mixed schools, trust, experimental design.
Hyperansvar: når personligt ansvar gøres til genstand for styring
Authors: Knudsen Hanne , Åkerstrøm Andersen Niels
Published: November 2017

I løbet af de sidste 10-15 år er skolen begyndt at forvente af forældrene, at de tager et udefineret og grænseløst personligt ansvar for deres børn som skolebørn. Det personlige ansvar bliver dermed genstand for offentlig styring på nye måder. I denne artikel undersøger vi, hvordan begrebet ansvar påvirkes af denne styring. Vi peger på en forskydning i den måde, forældrene tildeles ansvar, idet ansvar ikke længere handler om at leve op til regler eller følge råd, men om at reflektere over om man har været ansvarlig. Vi argumenterer for, at det, der skabes, er en form for hyperansvar, hvor ansvar handler om at deltage i offentlige refleksioner over sit potentielle ansvar. Vi argumenterer videre, at dette hyperansvar risikerer at true det, som reguleringen i udgangspunktet havde til ambition at fremme, nemlig personligt ansvar.

ENGELSK ABSTRACT:

Hanne Knudsen and Niels Åkerstrøm Andersen: Hyper-Responsibility: When Personal Responsibility is Made the Object of Regulation

Over the past ten to fifteen years, state funded schools have begun to insist that parents take on an undefined and infinite personal responsibility for their children as school children. In this article we investigate how this development affects the concept of responsibility. We point to a dislocation in the way parents are assigned responsibility, because the definition of responsibility is not only a question of formulating rules or providing advice. We argue that what emerges is a kind of playful hyper responsibility that identifies responsibility as the participation in a process of public exploration by parents of the definition of their specific responsibilities. We also argue that this hyper-responsibility threatens that which the regulation intended to further, namely personal responsibility.

Key words: Responsibilization, home-school relations, parenting, deconstruction, governmentality, play.
Unge etniske minoriteter og nudanskhed – lejre, identitetsarbejde og dobbelte bevidstheder
Authors: Fuglsang Larsen Jeppe , Qvotrup Jensen Sune
Published: November 2017

Artiklen bygger på interviews med unge etniske minoritetspersoner, der er medlem af et råd, som arbejder med det at være ung etnisk minoritetsperson i Danmark. Artiklen tilbyder en empirisk indføring i deres arbejde for at ændre stereotype forestillinger om etniske minoriteter samt et indblik i deres forsøg på at skabe en mere inkluderende national referenceramme. Artiklens argument er, at unge etniske minoritetspersoner, som de interviewede, kan være med til at nedbryde nogle af de etniske grænsedragninger, man finder i flerkulturelle samfund i dag. Paul Gilroys teori om lejre fungerer som artiklens teoretiske ramme.

ENGELSK ABSTRACT:

Jeppe Fuglsang Larsen and Sune Qvotrup Jensen: Young Ethnic Minorities and ”Now-Danishness” – Camps, Identity Work and Double Consciousnesses

This article is based on interviews with young ethnic minority persons in Denmark, who are members of a youth council that deals with issues concerning their situation. The article provides an introduction to the activities they undertake to counter some of the stereotypes about ethnic minorities prevalent in Denmark and to their efforts to introduce a new and more inclusive national frame of reference. The article argues that people such as this group of young ethnic minority persons can contribute to a breakdown of some of the ethnic boundaries existing in contemporary multicultural societies. Paul Gilroy’s theory on camps provides the article’s theoretical framework.

Keywords: ethnic minority youths, ethnic boundaries, camps, identity work, double consciousness, now-Danishness.
Omkring diagnosekulturen – depression som seismograf for samtiden
Authors: Petersen Anders
Published: November 2017

Denne artikel diskuterer, hvad der har muliggjort, at vi lever i en diagnosekultur. Diagnosekulturen er karakteriseret ved, at ikke alene fagpersoner (læger, psykologer, psykiatere osv.), men også lægmænd og den brede offentlighed mobiliserer psykiatriske diagnoser og kategorier som meningsgivende fortolkningsrammer for stort set alle former for lidelse og afvigelse. Spørgsmålet er, hvordan den logik har kunnet få samfundsmæssig fodfæste. I artiklen forklarer jeg, hvorledes overgangen fra en dynamisk til en diagnostisk funderet psykiatrioptik har banet en del af vejen for diagnosekulturens samfundsmæssige forankring. Men jeg argumenterer også for, at det perspektiv behøver at blive suppleret for at give et mere nuanceret billede af, hvorfor diagnosekulturen har kunnet internalisere sig i vores samtid. Som afsæt for den del af analysen benytter jeg mig af en sociologi om diagnoser – en forgrening af sociologien, hvis primære genstandsfelt er diagnoser – og hvad de kan fortælle os om forskelligartede sociale udviklinger, processer og ikke mindst den samtid, vi lever i. Nærmere bestemt benytter jeg mig af depressionsdiagnosens symptomer til at analysere og tydeliggøre, hvordan depressionsdiagnosen kan bruges som seismograf for samtiden. Pointen med denne tilgang er, at jeg dermed både kan bidrage til en forståelse af diagnosekulturens tilstedeværelse samt orientere om, hvilket ideelt selv samtiden efterstræber.

ENGELSK ABSTRACT:

Anders Petersen: Diagnostic Culture – Depression as a Seismograph for Contemporary Times

This article discusses the development of a diagnostic culture. A diagnostic culture is characterized by the fact that not only professionals (doctors, psychologists, psychiatrists, etc.), but also laymen and the general public use psychiatric diagnoses and categories for understanding psychiatric disorders. The question then is how this logic has been able to anchor itself in the overall nexus of society. In this article, I explain how the transition from dynamic to diagnostic psychiatry has paved part of the way for the societal anchoring of a diagnostic culture. I also argue that this perspective should be expanded in order to provide a more nuanced picture. To do that I employ diagnostic sociology – a branch of sociology whose primary subject is diagnoses and what they can tell us about diverse social developments, processes, and especially the contemporary epoch in which we live. I use symptoms of the contemporary diagnosis of depression to analyze and clarify how the diagnosis of depression can be seen as a seismograph of our current epoch. The article aims to contribute to a better understanding of the presences of the diagnostic culture as well as analyzing which type of ideal self that contemporary society strives to be.

Keywords: Diagnostic Culture, depression, self-realization, diagnosis of the times, sociology of diagnosis.
Bekendelsesformer i gruppeterapi for alkoholmisbrugere. En interaktionistisk analyse af en magtteknik
Authors: Fahnøe Kristian
Published: November 2017

Denne artikel undersøger interaktionen mellem deltagerne i gruppeterapi på en døgninstitution for alkoholmisbrugere. Dette sker med udgangspunkt i et analytisk begrebsapparat baseret på en sammentænkning af Foucaults magtanalytik (1982, 2008) og Goffmans rolleanalyse (1967, 1992). Begrebsapparatet muliggør analyser af magtudøvelser forstået som magtteknikker, der formes i ansigt-til-ansigt-interaktion. Tilgangen sætter fokus på mangfoldigheden i måderne, hvorpå magtteknikker og modstand udfoldes, ligesom der åbnes for analyser af magtens forskellige effekter. Tilgangen søger derved en nuanceret forståelse af, hvordan mennesker formes igennem specifikke magtudøvelser. Artiklens analyse undersøger gruppeterapien som en magtteknik, der er baseret på beboernes bekendelser. Analysen fremanalyserer tre bekendelsesformer, hvor magtteknikken udfoldes, og forskellige modstandsformer indgår. Bekendelsesformerne indebærer forskellige forsøg på at forandre klienterne. Afhængigt af klienternes modstandsformer varierer socialarbejdernes tilgang til bekendelsen mellem en positivt støttende og en konfrontativ tilgang. I forlængelse heraf demonstrerer artiklen, at modstandsformerne, der er rettet mod forskellige aspekter af bekendelserne, til tider begrænser bekendelsen som magtteknik til at forandre individet. Endeligt viser artiklen, hvordan klienterne, i kraft af deres måde at indgå i bekendelserne, skabes som subjekter på forskellig vis.

ENGELSK ABSTRACT:

Kristian Fahnøe: Confessions in Group Therapy for Alcohol Abusers. An Interaction Based Analysis of a Power Technique

This article explores group therapy at an inpatient treatment facility for alcoholics. Based on an analytical approach which combines Foucault’s work on power (1982, 2008) with Goffman’s interactionism (1967, 1992), it analyses group therapy sessions as a power technique that is shaped through the face-to-face interaction between the participants. The analytical approach entails an exploration of the various ways power techniques are exercised in practice and their resulting effects. As such, the approach provides a nuanced understanding of how individuals are molded through specific acts of power. The approach is also able to highlight the entwinement of power and knowledge. The analysis explores group therapy as a power technique based on confessions given by the clients. Focusing on three forms of confession, the analysis demonstrates how the forms of confession involve both acts of power and resistance. These forms of confession entail different efforts to change the clients in which the social workers’ involvements span from appreciative to confrontational. The acts of resistance target various elements of the confession and shape the exercise of the power technique. This means that clients are shaped as various subjects depending on how they engage in the confessions.

Keywords: power, social work, substance abuse treatment, Foucault, Goffman.
PELATIHAN PENYEGARAN MATERI AJAR MATEMATIKA BAGI GURU SD KELAS RENDAH DI KECAMATAN TABANAN
Authors: Mahayukti Gst Ayu , Waluyo Djoko , Sadra Wayan
Published: November 2017

Tujuan utama dari kegiatan ini adalah meningkatkan penguasaan materi ajar matematika bagi guru-guru SD di kecamatan Tabanan. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan dalam bentuk pelatihan/diklat. Materi diklat meliputi materi ajar matematika untuk kelas rendah (2-3), yang meliputi konsep bilangan dan pecahan serta operasinya. Prosedur evaluasi untuk menilai keberhasilan kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah sebagai Pre-test dan post test dan Observasi. Kegiatan dikatakan berhasil jika minimal 85% sasaran hadir, dan minimal 85% peserta hadir yang hadir mengikuti secar penuh. Dari hasil tes terkait bilangan bulat dan pecahan diperoleh bahwa tingkat penguasaan materi guru lumayan baik, karena rata-rata skor test terendah adalah 72 dan peserta yang hadir 23 orang dari 25 orang yang diundang (lebih dari 85%). Respon guru terhadap materi yang disajikan sangat tinggi, ini ditunjukkan oleh antusias guru mengajukan permasalahan dan memberikan tanggapan jika diberikan permasalahan.
PELATIHAN KETERAMPILAN 4M (MENATA, MENYIMPAN, MEMPERSIAPKAN, DAN MEMODIFIKASI) ALAT/BAHAN PRAKTIKUM BAGI GURU-GURU IPA DAN LABORAN SMP DI KECAMATAN SUKASADA KABUPATEN BULELENG
Authors: Subamia I Dewa Putu , Wahyuni I. G. A. N. Sri , Widiasih Ni Nyoman
Published: November 2017

Telah dilaksanakan kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (P2M) dalam bentuk Pelatihan Keterampilan 4M (Menata, Menyimpan, Mempersiapkan, dan Memodifikasi) Alat/Bahan Praktikum Bagi Guru-Guru IPA dan Laboran SMP di Kecamatan Sukasada, Kabupaten Buleleng. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi pengetahuan dan keterampilan Guru IPA (Pengelola Laboratorium) dan Laboran IPA SMP untuk menata, menyimpan, mempersiapkan, dan memodifikasi alat/bahan praktikum dalam rangka mendukung pembelajaran IPA. Evaluasi kegiatan ini dilakukan terhadap proses dan produk kegiatan. Evaluasi proses berkaitan dengan kehadiran peserta, semangat mengikuti kegiatan, dan kerja sama. Evaluasi proses dilakukan terhadap aktivitas peserta selama kegiatan berlangsung. Evaluasi produk dilakukan terhadap hasil karya praktek (berupa modifikasi alat praktikum) IPA dengan memanfaatkan bahan dari lingkungan sekitar dan uji kelayakan produk. Penskoran dilakukan dengan skala Likert (dengan bantuan rubrik penilaian) dan dianalisis secara deskriptif.
PELATIHAN DAN PENDAMPINGAN IMPLEMENTASI ACTIVE LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI PEDAGOGIK KKG GUGUS II KECAMATAN SERIRIT
Authors: Tristiantari Ni Ketut Desia , Riastini Ni Putu Nanci , Yudiana Kadek
Published: November 2017

Tujuan dari pelaksanaan P2M ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kompetensi pedagogik guru-guru Gugus II Kecamatan Seririt dalam pelaksanaan Active Learning. Permasalahan yang telah dirumuskan pada uraian sebelumnya dipecahkan secara strategis dengan memberikan pelatihan bagi KKG Gugus II Kecamatan Seririt untuk menyusun dan mengimplementasikan perangkat active learning. Dengan demikian, bentuk kegiatan pengabdian yang dilakukan adalah sebagai berikut. 1. Workshop mengenai perangkat pembelajaran berorientasi active learning dengan melibatkan guru kelas IV, V, dan VI serta kepala sekolah dari sekolah yang ada di Gugus II Kecamatan Seririt. Pada kegiatan ini juga melibatkan 2 mahasiswa Jurusan PGSD. 2. Simulasi implementasi perangkat pembelajaran berorientasi active learning dengan melibatkan guru kelas IV, V, dan VI dan kepala sekolah dari sekolah yang ada di Gugus II Kecamatan Seririt dan 2 mahasiswa Jurusan PGSD. 3. Kegiatan pendampingan active learning. Kegiatan P2M ini telah berjalan dengan lancar sesuai dengan tujuan dari pelaksanaan P2M ini yaitu untuk meningkatkan kompetensi pedagogik guru-guru Gugus II Kecamatan Seririt dalam pelaksanaan Active Learning. Keberhasilan dari pelaksanaan P2M ini nampak pada RPP yang dihasilkan oleh peserta pelatihan.
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN IPA SD BERBASIS EKSPERIMEN BAGI GURU GURU SD GUGUS VIII KECAMATAN KUBUTAMBAHAN
Authors: Adnyana Putu Budi , Citrawathi Desak Made , Artawan Putu
Published: November 2017

Guru-guru Sekolah Dasar (SD) sekolah mitra, yang tergabung dalam gugus VIII Kecamatan Kubutambahan Kabupaten Buleleng yang terdiri dari lima SD, yaitu: SD 1 Pakisan 1, SD 2 Kelandis, SD 3 Pakisan 3, SD 4 Pakisan 2 dan SD 5 Mengandang mengalami permasalahan dalam pembelajaran IPA berbasis eksperimen sesuai dengan tuntutan stándar proses dan kurikulum. Berdasarkan hasil refleksi dan kajian mendalam terhadap permasalahan dan akar permasalahan bersama dengan guru mitra dan kepala sekolah, maka disepakati pemecahan masalah berupa kegiatan pelatihan dengan tujuan: (1) mengembangkan media pembelajaran IPA berbasis eksperimen yang dilengkapi perangkat pembelajaran seperti Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS), pembuatan media pembelajan dan pedoman cara menggunakan media pembelajaran IPA SD yang dibuat, (2) meningkatkan keterampilan guru membuat media IPA berbasis eksperimen dan mengimplementasikannyadalam pembelajaran IPA. Target luaran pada kegiatan ini adalah: (1) Perangkat pendukung pembelajaran (RPP dan LKS) yang dilengkapi dengan media pembelajaran IPA SD berbasis eksperimen serta pedomannya untuk mendukung pembelajaran IPA SD, (3) Artikel pengembangan media pembelajaran IPA berbasis eksperimen.Untuk mencapai tujuan dan target tersebut, pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pelatihan dan pendampingan. Kegiatan pelatihan dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan dan keterampilan guru mitra dalam merancang dan membuat media pembelajaran IPA SD berbasis eksperimen. Kegiatan pendampingan dilakukan untuk membantu guru menyelesaikan produk yang menjadi target kegiatan ini dan dapat mengimplementasikannya di kelas. Kegiatan pelatihan dan pendampingan dilakukan secara bertahap dan terintegrasi.Produkutama dari kegiatan P2M ini adalah media pembelajaran IPA SD berupa LKS eksperimen sederhana berbasis pertanyaan. Hasil evaluasi pelaksanaan P2M ini menunjukkan bahwa P2M ini bermanfaat untuk menunjang proses pembelajaran IPA di SD.
MODEL PEMBERDAYAAN KELOMPOK REMAJA PENGGIAT LITERASI MEDIA MELALUI EDUKASI DAN FASILITASI TEKNOLOGI
Authors: Setyaningsih Rila , Abdullah Abdullah , Asy’ari Nur Aini Shofiya
Published: November 2017

Kegiatan literasi media yang lebih massif sangatlah penting dilakukan. Berdasarkan pengamatan di lapangan oleh tim pengabdian, kegiatan literasi media masih menemui beberapa kendala terkait minimnya pengetahuan dan pemahaman mengenai pelaksanaan literasi media itu sendiri. Di sisi lain perlu adanya penggiat literasi media yang mampu membuat sebuah sistem sehingga kegiatan literasi media dapat dilaksanakan dengan lebih mudah dan berkelanjutan. Untuk menyelesaikan masalah tersebut, tim pengabdian telah merancang strategi dengan membentuk kelompok remaja penggiat literasi media yang terdiri dari para mahasiswa di Karesidenan Madiun (Pacitan, Ngawi, Magetan, Madiun, Ponorogo). Langkah selanjutnya berupa edukasi tentang literasi media dalam bentuk TOT (training of trainers) dan fasilitasi teknologi. Dengan terbentuknya kelompok tersebut, diharapkan kegiatan literasi media dapat berjalan lebih massif, berkelanjutan, dan terkontrol. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah (1) terbentuknya kelompok penggiat literasi media, (2) Literasi media lebih dikenal oleh masyarakat sehingga masyarakat semakin cerdas dalam bermedia. Hasil dari kegiatan ini berupa terbentuknya kelompok remaja penggiat literasi media di Karesidenan Madiun yang kegiatannya melakukan sosialisasi literasi media di berbagai sekolah dan kelompok masyarakat.
PELATIHAN PEMBELAJARAN INOVATIF BERBASIS KARAKTER BERDASARKAN KURIKULUM 2013 BAGI GURU- GURU BAHASA INGGRIS SMP, SMA, DAN SMK SE KABUPATEN MANGGARAI BARAT
Authors: Artini Luh Putu , Padmadewi Ni Nyoman
Published: November 2017

Kegiatan Pengabdian pada masyarakat ini memiliki tujuan agar guru-guru bahasa Inggris SMP, SMA dan SMK  se Kabupaten Manggarai Barat agar memiliki:  1. pengetahuan konsep pembelajaran inovatif sesuai dengan Kurikulum 2013 yang menyasar pencapaian kognitif dan pendidikan karakter, 2. kemampuan menggunakan ragam strategi inovatif yang sesuai dengan konteks dan kondisi pembelajaran di sekolah masing-masing, 3. kemampuan mengembangkan RPP menggunakan pengalaman belajar yang sesuai dengan kaidah pembelajaran inovatif  dan pendidikan karakter berdasarkan kurikulum 2013. Bentuk aktivitas (modes of activitiy) dirancang menggunakan strategi pelatihan (training) dalam bentuk ‘pelatihan, mengingat para calon peserta sedikit tidaknya telah memiliki pengetahuan dan pengalaman di bidang pembelajaran bahasa Inggris dan strategi pembelajaran bahasa Inggris untuk siswa SMP, SMA dan SMK. Tahapan-tahapan aktivitas secara umum menggunakan strategi pembelajaran Information Processing Theory, yaitu: penyemaian informasi (encoding), pengintegrasian informasi menjadi suatu pemahaman (decoding), perekaman informasi (storing), pelatihan informasi (rehearsal), dan pembelajaran informasi (learning). Pengabdian pada Masyarakat  yang dilakukan di Ruteng,  Flores, tergolong sukses karena tujuan yang direncanaan bisa tercapai. Dari hasil evaluasi, pencapaian ini dikonfirmasi dari wawancara dengan guru. Pada dasarnya para guru merasa telah belajar sesuatu yang penting dari kegiatan pelatihan dan berharap bahwa kegiatan semacam ini bisa dilakuan lagi di masa yang akan datang.
Sistema de comunicación inteligente para la disminución de accidentes automovilísticos por colisión / Intelligent communication system for the reduction of car accidents by collision
Authors: Contreras Medina Emmanuel , Aguilar Cisneros Jorge Rafael
Published: November 2017

Las Tecnologías de la Información (TICs) han evolucionado y eficientizado sistemas tecnológicos de diferentes sectores industriales, entre ellos el sector automotriz. Esta evolución es posible gracias a las líneas de investigación que abordan problemas a ser resueltos o innovaciones a ser implementadas. Uno de estos problemas tiene que ver, de manera general, con el diseño,  el desarrollo y la implementación de sistemas de comunicación de vehículo a vehículo (car-to-car) y de forma particular, con el uso de los sistemas car-to-car como un medio para disminuir la incidencia de choques por alcance (rear-end collisions) entre vehículos. Trabajar en este problema es relevante si observamos que el número de accidentes anuales por alcance son alrededor de 1.7 millones, donde, alrededor de 1700 personas mueren y 500 quedan heridas, tan solo en Estados Unidos. En este sentido, en este artículo se presenta un sistema de comunicación vehicular basado en redes de comunicación inalámbricas, para el intercambio periódico de información entre vehículos con el fin de disminuir colisiones de este tipo.