bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Barriers and facilitators to implementing coronary care networks in South Africa: a qualitative study
Authors: Stassen Willem , Kurland Lisa , Wallis Lee , Castren Maaret , Vincent-Lambert Craig
Published: October 2020

Background: ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is on the rise in sub-Saharan Africa. South Africa consistently fails to deliver timely reperfusion to these patients, possibly due to under-developed coronary care networks (CCN).

Objectives: To determine the current perceived state of CCNs, to determine the barriers to optimising CCNs and to suggest facilitators to optimising CCNs within the South African context.

Methods: A qualitative descriptive approach was employed, by performing two structured in-depth and two focus group inter- views (n=4 and 5, respectively), inviting a purposely heterogeneous sample of 11 paramedics (n=4), doctors (n=5), and nurses (n=2) working within different settings in South African CCNs. Recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and subjected to content analysis.

Results: Participants described an under-resourced, unprioritised and fragmented CCN with significant variation in perfor- mance. Barriers to CCN optimisation resided in recognition and diagnosis of STEMI, transport and treatment decisions, and delays. Participants suggested that thrombolysing all STEMI patients could facilitate earlier reperfusion and that pre-hospital thrombolysis should be considered. Participants highlighted the need for regionalised STEMI guidelines, and the need for fur- ther research.

Conclusion: Numerous barriers were highlighted. Healthcare policy-makers should prioritise the development of CCNs that is underpinned by evidence and that is contextualised to each specific region within the South African health care system.

Keywords: Health care system; emergency care; cardiovascular disease.
Association between the Interleukin-10 -1082 G/A polymorphism and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang Yingwei , Hu Peiyang
Published: October 2020

Background: Inconsistent results have been reported from studies investigating the relationship of the interleukin-10 (IL-10) -1082 G/A polymorphism and the susceptibility of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Therefore, a thorough literature review of relatedstudies was performed in this meta-analysis to examine the association of the interleukin-10(IL-10) -1082 G/A poly- morphism with HCC susceptibility.

Methods: Electronic databases were searched for literature on the relationship between interleukin-10(IL-10) -1082 G/A poly- morphism and the risk of HCC in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The selected studies were analyzed using the Stata 12.0 software. Finally, the strength of the associations was evaluated using the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).

Results: A total of six case-control studies were enrolled into the current meta-analysis, which included a total of 911 patients and 1889 control subjects. Our data revealed no association between the IL-10 -1082 G/A polymorphism and the risk of HCC (GG vs AA:OR=0.84, 95%CI=0.57-1.25; AG vs AA:OR=0.85, 95%CI=0.70-1.05; Dominant model: OR=0.85, 95%CI=0.70- 1.03; and Recessive model: OR=0.92, 95%CI = 0.64-1.32). Similarly, no association was found in sub-group analysis based on ethnicity.

Conclusion: The results of our study suggest no association between IL-10 -1082 G/A polymorphism and the risk of HCC.

Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma; IL-10 polymorphism; risk analysis.
Letter to the editor: Vitamin D receptor gene BsmI polymorphism with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Joob Beuy , Wiwanitkit Viroj
Published: October 2020

NIL.
Remembering Dr. Peter Kazembe
Authors: Haq Heather
Published: October 2020

Nil
Improving healthcare: a guide to roll-out best practices
Authors: Ten Ham-Baloyi Wilma , Minnie Karin , Van der Walt Christa
Published: October 2020

Background: Best practices comprise recent, relevant, and helpful nursing practices, methods, interventions, procedures or techniques based on high-quality evidence. Best practices should be implemented to improve individual patients’ health outcomes the overall quality of health care, and to strengthen the health system at large. Four facilitators (benefit levers) to effectively roll-out best practices in healthcare organizations were identified: alignment, permeation plans, leadership for change, as well as supporting and reinforcing structures.

Purpose of the research: To develop and review a guide for an operational plan to facilitate the roll-out of best practices in healthcare organizations.

Methodology: The content of the guide was based on findings of an integrative literature review and interviews. This article discusses the development of the guide using the logic model as format (phase One) as well as its review including five key informants using the Delphi method (phase Two).

Results: The Logic Model provided a feasible format for the guide. Two Delphi rounds were required to review the guide’s design and content. This guide addresses pre-roll-out resources; pre-roll-out activities, best practices (outcomes) during and after roll-outs; and impact.

Conclusion: The guide should be tested in different healthcare organizations and adapted accordingly to have an impact on improved patient and health outcomes. The guide can be used by managers wishing to roll-out best practices in their healthcare organizations to achieve improved health outcomes for individual patients.

Keywords: Best practices; guide for an operational plan; healthcare organizations; implementation of best practices; roll-out of best practices.
Concordance of tumour characteristics and survival clustering among pairs of first-degree relatives with breast cancer
Authors: Rapiti Elisabetta , Tille Jean-Christophe , Fournier Evelyne , Saiji Essia , Weintraub Dominique , Bouzourene Hanifa , Viassolo Valeria , Bouchardy Christine , Chappuis Pierre O. , Benhamou Simone
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND
Family history is a known risk factor for breast cancer, but its prognostic value and the prognostic value of tumour characteristics in relation to family history has not been clearly established. In addition, studies of intra-familial tumour characteristics and prognosis in population-based settings are very rare. Two previous studies have suggested that breast cancer prognosis clusters within families. However, both studies lack information on HER2 expression status, which is a strong prognostic factor and could contribute to the observed results.

METHODS
We conducted a population-based study on 145 mother-daughter and sister-sister affected pairs using data extracted from the Geneva Cancer Registry. Histopathological characteristics were determined in archived tumour blocks by immunochemistry techniques. Breast cancer survival among family members was studied according to patient and tumour characteristics.

RESULTS
No significant intra-familial agreement of pathological characteristic features was observed. We found that relatives of breast cancer patients experienced a much higher risk of breast cancer death compared to the general population. However, we did not find significant concordance in good and poor breast cancer-specific survival between pairs. The small number of family pairs and deaths from breast cancer may partly explain our results.

CONCLUSIONS
Large-scale studies with accurate data on strong prognosticators are still needed to confirm the possibility of familial inheritance of breast cancer prognosis.
Czy Gombrowicza czytano w Argentynie za jego życia?
Authors: Terradas Pau Freixa
Published: October 2020

Artykuł przedstawia argentyńską recepcję autora Trans-Atlantyku od jego przybycia do Buenos Aires aż do śmierci we Francji. Artykuł jest podzielony na trzy części, każda z nich poświęcona jest jednej z trzech dekad życia Witolda Gombrowicza. Autor wspomina o inicjalnych próbach nawiązania kontaktu z pisarzami argentyńskimi (na przykład z Jorge Luisem Borgesem czy czasopismem „Sur”), opublikowaniu pierwszych tekstów oraz zbiorowego tłumaczenia Ferdydurke w Café Rex w latach czterdziestych i zauważa, że w latach pięćdziesiątych Gombrowicz pogodził się z pisarskim nieistnieniem w kraju swej emigracji i zmienił strategię autopromocji. Dopiero po powrocie do Europy spotkał się z pierwszymi dowodami uznania w Argentynie, czemu towarzyszyła publikacja Diario argentino (Dziennik argentyński, wybór z Dziennika przygotowany z myślą o czytelniku argentyńskim). Was Gombrowicz Read in Argentina During His Lifetime? This article presents the Argentinian reception of the author of Trans-Atlantyk from his arrival in Buenos Aires until his death in France. The article is divided into three parts and each of them is dedicated to one of the three last decades of Witold Gombrowicz’s life. The author mentions the initial attempts of establishing relations with Argentinian writers (Jorge Luis Borges, for example, or the circle of the Sur magazine), first publication of texts as well as the collective translation of Ferdydurke in Café Rex during the 1960s, and recognizes that sometime in the 1950s Gombrowicz made peace with the fact of his literary obscurity in the land of his emigration, therefore changing his strategy of self-promotion. Only after he returned to Europe did the first signs of recognition reach him from Argentina, where the Diario argentino was just published (it was a selection of writings from Gombrowicz’s Diary for the Argentine reader).
The Role of Sports on the Development of Tribes Unity: Afghan Society, Kabul, Afghanistan
Authors: Bahir Hizbullah
Published: October 2020

Sports play a major role in the life of humans as well as it has social and physical benefits for the humans’ body. The purpose of this research was to investigate the role of sports, relationships between nation and Afghan community, and its impacts on the development of Afghan people life. This study employed mixed research approach, and the data were collected from seventy-nine respondents through questionnaire and interview. All participants were elected through random sampling method, and the data was analyzed through IBM 24 version of (SPSS). Likewise, the findings of this research showed that sports play an essential role in Afghan community as well as it is inseparable part in their life. Moreover, men and women are very interested in participating sports. Furthermore, the study revealed that participation in sports and physical activities play a unique role on the development of Afghan community and tribes.
Narrative Analysis of the Impact of Traumatic on Film 27 Steps Of May
Authors: Pratiwi Mutia rahmi
Published: October 2020

Communication can be conveyed through various media, including films. The message contained in the film is based on the reality that emerges and becomes a picture of phenomena in everyday life. Ideally, films collaborate the power of visual and audio so that the message is appropriately portrayed. The 27 Steps of May film is a film that portrays sexual violence in adolescents and is only supported by the power of visual not audio. The selection of the film was carried out against the backdrop of the lack of films which explicitly recounted the traumatic impact of victims of violence dominated by visual force. This study aims to describe how the 27 Steps of May film tells the traumatic impact where the method used is a qualitative narrative analysis from Tzvetan Todorov. The results showed that there were five narrative structures, namely: initial conditions, conditions of balance, order, Disruption of balance, awareness of disturbances, attempts to correct disturbances, restoration of balance, creating order again. In this study, visualization of non-verbal code signs related to traumatic post-traumatic stress disorder was shown by the actors in the film, the non-verbal code was in the form of gestures, eye contact, facial expressions, and emotions.
Título en español.
Authors: Saulo J. Rodríguez  , R. Bosque Lugo  , E. G. Boneta García  , A. Morales Muñoz
Published: October 2020

Se trataron dos tipos de café con diversos niveles de elementos mayores y cal en un suelo Los Guineos arcilloso en Jayuya, sin que se afectara el rendimiento en el tipo Columnaris pero si en el tipo Puerto Rico. Al excluirse el nitrógeno y el potasio se redujo el rendimiento de los arbustos. Lo mismo ocurrió cuando a manera de testigo se excluyeron todos los elementos mayores (nitrógeno, fósforo y potasio). La aplicación de cal no afectó los rendimientos cuando los demás elementos mayores estaban presentes. Las curvas de regresión, aplicando una ecuación de segundo grado a los resultados, demostraron que ninguno de los elementos afectó significativamente los rendimientos, debido posiblemente a los pocos puntos de distribución en las curvas. Las muestras foliares tomadas en tres épocas distintas del año no demostraron mucha variación en el contenido de nitrógeno y fósforo. El potasio reveló una tendencia a aumentar con un aumento en los niveles del nutrimento aplicado al suelo, a la vez que a variar según la época en que se tomaron las muestras. Al aplicarse a las tres muestras la ecuación de Capó Y = A + B arc-tan X, en donde X es igual al por ciento de nutrimento en la hoja, los datos transformados demostraron estar significativamente correlacionados con el rendimiento, únicamente en el caso del potasio, en las muestras foliares tomadas en octubre y la cosecha subsiguiente.
Título en español.
Authors: Carmen Albizu de Santiago
Published: October 2020

Cephalocoema vittata pertenece a la familia Proscopiidae, acrídidos de la orden de los Ortópteros. Se ha establecido que el número de cromosomas en el macho es 2n = 17. Los autosomas son aparentemente acrocéntricos y el X metacéntrico. Al considerarse tanto la evidenica morfológica como la citológica, se establece la estrecha relación de la familia Proscopiidae con la Eumasticidae, grupo de extensa distribución cuya edad compara con la de los acrídidos. Creemos que la familia Proscopiidae se puede considerar como una rama de la Eumasticidae, la cual constituye hoy una familia Neo tropical por derecho propio.
MANGO PULP EXTRACTING METHOD
Authors: Benero José R. , Rodríguez Angel J.
Published: October 2020

MANGO PULP EXTRACTING METHOD
Separating and Washing Coffee Harvested With Plastic Nets
Authors: Cancel L. E. , Rivera-Ortíz J. M. , Ruíz de Montalvo M. C.
Published: October 2020

A method was developed for cleaning and washing coffee harvested with plastic nets. The material collected was bulky due to large amounts of leaves. An air separator designed and constructed to separate foreign material from coffee beans and berries is described. It consists of a bladetype blower placed in a two-chamber tunnel. When the net-collected material is fed into the separator, the light components are separated in the upper chamber, while the heavier materials fall into the bottom chamber where a stronger air current separates most of the remaining foreign substances from the coffee. Separation of the material was more difficult when weather conditions were rainy or humid while the nets were on the ground. The separation was much easier when the material was collected during diy, windy weather. The capacity of the air separator for wet and sticky material was about 2 acres per 8-hour run; the capacity was about 4 acres per 8-hour run with dry material. The material obtained from the air separator consisted of coffee beans and berries, together with some extraneous matter. This material was fed into a horizontal washing machine where the remaining extraneous material was removed leaving the coffee ready for drying.
Lye Peeling of Fresh Yam, Dioscorea alata
Authors: Rivera-Ortiz J. M. , González M. A.
Published: October 2020

Studies were conducted to determine the most suitable conditions for the lye-peeling of fresh yam, Dioscorea alata, of the Florido variety. Good peeling resulted from each of these boiling lye solution combinations: 5 minutes in 10-percent, 4 minutes in 15-percent, or 3 minutes in 20-percent. The average weight loss resulting from these three combinations was approximately the same, but less in each instance than when the tubers were hand-peeled. Changes in titrable acidity and hardness values of the tubers were approximately equal to those which resulted from hand-peeled yam. The sensory evaluation of the samples showed no significant difference between hand- and lye-peeled tubers. The lye-peeling method was not wholly satisfactory when the yams had been in storage for more than 3 weeks.
EVALUATION OF PAPAYA NECTAR PREPARED FROM UNPEELED PAPAYA PUREE
Authors: Rodríguez A. J. , Iguaina de George L. M.
Published: October 2020

EVALUATION OF PAPAYA NECTAR PREPARED FROM UNPEELED PAPAYA PUREE
Effects of Two Heights and Three Intervals of Grazing on the Productivity of a Heavily Fertilized Pangola Grass Pasture
Authors: Vicente-Chandler José , Silva Servando , Rodríguez José , Abruña Fernando
Published: October 2020

The effects of two grazing heights and three different grazing intervals on yields of Pangola grass were determined under actual grazing management over a 1-year period. Yields of forage actually consumed by the grazing cattle were determined by sampling small fenced plots before and after each grazing round and determining by difference the forage consumed. Higher yields of forage were obtained when the grass was grazed to within about 6 inches of the ground than with close grazing (an average of 13,096 vs 9,677 pounds of dry forage per acre yearly). Yields of forage decreased with increasing length of grazing interval averaging 12,640, 11,568 and 9,951 pounds of dry forage per acre yearly, with grazing intervals of 14, 21 and 28 days, respectively. There was no significant interaction between grazing height and frequency of grazing. It appears best to graze heavily fertilized Pangola grass pastures to about 6 inches from the ground about every 2 weeks during seasons of fast growth and every 3 weeks during seasons of slow growth.
Effect of Water Regime on the Sucrose-Enzyme Relationships of Sugarcane Desiccated with Paraquat
Authors: Montalvo-Zapata Rafael , Alexander Alex G.
Published: October 2020

Immature sugarcane was given variable-water regimes in sand culture and subsequently treated with a powerful desiccant, the bipyridylium herbicide Paraquat, applied as a 0.05-percent aqueous foliar spray. There were two objectives: (a) To evaluate the effects of water regime on sucroseenzyme relationships in desiccating sugarcane; and (b) to determine whether controlled water regimes could effectively modify Paraquat activity in sugarcane. Tissue samples were harvested for moisture, sugar and enzyme analyses at 1,3 and 9 days after Paraquat application. Low water supply (1 liter per day) reduced total fresh weights and stalk weights, and increased sucrose content of immature storage tissue. Paraquat significantly lowered total fresh weights, stalk weights, sheath moisture and leaf sucrose by the 9-day harvest. Desiccant action was generally more rapid within the low-water regime. High- and intermediate-water regimes tended to modify Paraquat activity at 1 or 3 days, but its ultimate effects were comparable regardless of water regime. No evidence was found to support the theory that desiccating cane accumulates water as a function of continued water absorption when transpiration has ceased. Acid invertase was suppressed by Paraquat, an effect consistent with earlier findings. The suppression was most severe in the low-water regime. Low-water supply significantly lowered invertase level but the response was not consistent at all harvests. Acid phosphatase and ATP-ase were severely repressed by Paraquat in leaves but not in immature storage tissue. An explanation was offered in terms of distinct chloroplast and mitochondrial enzymes rather than localized Paraquat action. For both enzymes the desiccant repression was significantly more severe in the high-water regime at 1 or 3 days, but water regime showed no effect at 9 days. Paraquat significantly increased ß-amylase in leaves (consistent with earlier studies), particularly within the high-water regime. In immature stem tissue ß-amylase was repressed by high water in Paraquat-free plants. Paraquat eliminated the water effect. Peroxidase was increased in storage tissue by Paraquat. This response was statistically significant only under conditions of low-water supply. It is concluded that variable water regimes can modify the rate of initial Paraquat activity in sugarcane; however, the ultimate effects of Paraquat will not be changed under conditions of thorough chemical application. Under field conditions of marginal chemical penetration, the plant's moisture status might play a more decisive role in determining the desiccant's effectiveness.
Identification and Occurrence of Perfect Stage and Cultural and Morphological Variants of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides from Guava in Puerto Rico
Authors: Liu Lii-Jang
Published: October 2020

Two strains of Colletotrichum spp., one dark and one light, were isolated from diseased fruits of guava in Puerto Rico. The isolates differ in cultural appearance, physiologic characteristics, and size of conidia. The optimum temperature range for mycelial growth of the dark strain lies between 24° and 28° C. The optimum temperature range for the light strain lies between 28° and 32° C. The optimum pH range for both strains lie between 5 and 7. Perithecia were produced when the dark strain was crossed with the light strain, or grown alone in potato dextrose agar at 24° to 28° C. Perithecia obtained from both isolates were typical of Glomerella cingulata. Ascospore isolations consistently resulted in the recovery of typical C. gloeosporioides cultures. Although conidia produced by the dark strain are significantly longer than those of the light strain, their perithecia are indistinguishable. Both strains are identified as C. gloeosporioides, the conidial stage of G. cingulata. The formation of the sexual stage of C. gloeosporioides in vitro in Puerto Rico has not been reported hitherto.
NEMATODES FOUND IN TAP WATER FROM DIFFERENT LOCALITIES IN PUERTO RICO
Authors: Román Jessé , Rivas Xiomara
Published: October 2020

NEMATODES FOUND IN TAP WATER FROM DIFFERENT LOCALITIES IN PUERTO RICO
Studies on Sugar Diffusion From Sugarcane Storage Tissue
Authors: Acín-Díaz Nilsa , Alexander Alex G.
Published: October 2020

Sugar diffusion studies were performed with sugarcane stem tissues bathed in distilled water, Tris buffer, and aqueous solutions of various chemical additives. Rind-free tissue slices were prepared with mature and immature internodes from field-grown sugarcane, and from plants propagated in the greenhouse with constant water and nitrogen supply. Sucrose diffusion rates were of sufficient magnitude to have physiological, and possibly economic, significance. Sugar movement to the external media conformed with the operation of an active accumulation mechanism as described by workers in Australia. Initial efflux was rapid up to about 4 hours, achieving a maximum external sugar concentration between 8 and 12 hours, followed by depletion of sucrose in the bathing medium. The depletion phase was attributed to reentry of sugar into the tissue slices rather than inversion. Inclusion of cycloheximide and 2,4-dinitrophenol in the bathing medium permitted a continuing efflux of sucrose amounting to 5- to 10-fold increases over that obtained with distilled water. Actinomycin D produced no appreciable effect on initial efflux rate. 6-methyl purine appeared to block reentry of exited sugar without causing leakage of vacuolar sucrose. Diffusion patterns for mature storage tissue suggested that a single mechanism is operative for field- and greenhouse-reared cane. Tris buffer did not affect sucrose diffusion from mature tissue, but increased diffusion from immature storage tissue owing to an apparent inhibition of acid invertase. In general, sucrose diffusion was of greater magnitude from mature than immature tissue preparations, and reducing sugars diffused at a much lower rate which seldom exceeded 10 percent of the sucrose level. Addition of borate to the bathing medium appreciably increased the quantity of exiting sugar without altering the shape of the diffusion curve. The existence of a sugar-borate carrier system operating in the passage of cellular membranes is suggested. Physiological roles of a diffusible sugar pool in the intercellular spaces or dissolved in cell-wall water are evaluated. The potential significance of diffusion in promoting sucrose losses from stalks mechanically injured during harvest and post-harvest operations is also mentioned.
APPLICATION OF A METHOD OF JOINT ANALYSIS OF FIELD DATA
Authors: Mariota Trias F. , Acosta Matienzo A. , Vélez Santiago J.
Published: October 2020

APPLICATION OF A METHOD OF JOINT ANALYSIS OF FIELD DATA
Effect of Various Herbicides on the Respiration of Soil Microorganisms
Authors: Liu L. C. , Cibes-Viade H. R.
Published: October 2020

The effect of Ametryne, Atrazine, Bromacil, Diuron, Fluometuron, Linuron, Prometryne, Terbacil, Trifluralin, and 2,4-D on soil respiration was studied employing the Warburg apparatus. These compounds were used in various concentrations, i.e., 0, 10, 100, and 250 p.p.m. The 10 compounds fell into three categories with regard to their effect on respiration of soil microorganisms: 1. A significant inhibitory effect on oxygen uptake was brought about by adding 2,4-D and Trifluralin to Coto and Fraternidad soils. 2. A weak inhibitory effect on oxygen uptake was noted for low concentrations of Bromacil, Diuron, Trifluralin, and 2,4-D, and for high concentrations of Ametryne, Bromacil, Linuron, and Diuron in soils. 3. A weak to moderate stimulatory effect on oxygen uptake was recorded with low concentrations of Ametryne, Diuron, Fluometuron, 2,4-D and for high concentrations of Atrazine, Linuron, and Terbacil in soils.
Estimation on the Income Elasticity of Household Demand for Sweet Potatoes, Ipomoea batatas and Yams, Dioscorea Spp.
Authors: Díaz de Sumaza Zita M. , Rodríguez de Zapata Lillian
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the income-consumption elasticity of household demand for sweet potatoes and yams in Puerto Rico, and to examine the nature and extent of the relationship between household consumption of these products and selected socio-economic variables. The analysis is based on data from a sample of 1,021 family records obtained by the method of personal interview from a cross-section of the population of Puerto Rico, during 1962. The method of analysis was the least-squares regression approach. Four basic models were fitted to the consumption data. The basic models initially included income as the only regressor, but were modified into multiple regression model by the subsequent addition of other variables. Analysis of all consuming households indicated an average income elasticity of demand for yams of 0.118 and coefficient of family size of 0.397. For sweet potatoes, the income elasticity and family size coefficients were 0.246 and 0.213 for all families, respectively. Low income elasticities show that even with dramatic improvements in real family income, the expected change in consumption duo to the income effect will be relatively small and largety overshadowed by anticipated decreases in average famity size in Puerto Rico. Variables other than family size and income had little or no measurable effect on household consumption of sweet potatoes and yams.
DWARFING EFFECT OF ETHREL (2-CHLOROETHYLPHOSPHONIC ACID) ON CORDYLINE TERMINALIS VAR. BABY DOLL
Authors: Rodríguez Saulo J. , Santiago Alejandro , Rivera López Carlos
Published: October 2020

DWARFING EFFECT OF ETHREL (2-CHLOROETHYLPHOSPHONIC ACID) ON CORDYLINE TERMINALIS VAR. BABY DOLL
HIDROPAISAGENS DO VALE DO AÇU: A EXPERIÊNCIA DE UM PROJETO DE ENSINO
Authors: Guedes Josiel de Alencar , Costa Gerônimo da Silva , Bezerra Júnior Aluízio
Published: October 2020

Este relato de experiência visa apresentar um projeto de ensino associado à disciplina Hidrografia, ministrada no semestre 2019.1 e ofertada para o 4° período do curso de Geografia da Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte (Campus de Açú). O projeto teve como objetivo mapear reservatórios e lagoas no Vale do Açu (RN) utilizando imagens do Google Earth o programa de geoprocessamento QGIS. Nas aulas, foram apresentadas as imagens dos mananciais superficiais e discutidos problemas relacionados a cada um deles. Em seguida, foram realizadas as aulas em campo, onde os alunos fizeram registros de problemas específicos e se discutiu a relação de uso do solo no seu entorno. Posteriormente, foram elaboraram os mapas de cada manancial. A experiência do projeto mostrou-se importante ao se estudar a disciplina com exemplos de mananciais mais perto da realidade dos alunos.
ALMANAQUE DE AGROECOLOGIA: APRENDENDO COM DIVERSÃO – DIVERSIDADE, HISTÓRIA E CULTURA ALIMENTAR
Authors: Izabel da Silva Cepolini Eliana
Published: October 2020

Resenha da obra: "Almanaque de Agroecologia: aprendendo com diversão – diversidade, história e cultura alimentar" (2019).
EL ENGAGEMENT Y SU IMPACTO EN EL SOCIAL MEDIA DEL ECUADOR
Authors: Salas Edgar
Published: October 2020

El presente estudio pretende analizar la incidencia que existe entre los usuarios ecuatorianos y su nivel de influencia al usar determinadas redes sociales, examinar el engagement de las respectivas plataformas sociales y analizar la razón de su utilización, siendo Facebook, Instagram y Snapchat las redes más usadas por la población ecuatoriana, no solo para el ámbito social, sino también para el ámbito laboral, destacándose así los emprendimientos nacionales.
Candidial Infection in Pre- Term Babies- A Clinical Study
Authors: Venkatesh G  , Arun Kumar P
Published: October 2020

Background: Invasive candidiasis in neonates is a serious and common cause oflate onset sepsis and has a high mortality. The present study was conducted to assess candidial infection in pre- term babies.Subject and Method:The present study was conducted in the Department of Neonatology. It comprised of 56 low birth weight babies of both genders. In all cases, gestational age, birth weight, length of stay before candidemia, presence of CVC, stay in NICU ≤ 7 days and mechanical ventilation was recorded. Result:Out of 56 patients, boys were 32 and girls were 24. Gestational age (weeks) was 30.2, birth weight was 1214.5 grams, length of stay before candidemia was 10.2 days, presence of CVC in 54, stay in NICU ≤ 7 days was seen in 52 and mechanical ventilation was seen in 47. Clinical manifestations was candida endophthalmitis in 13, candida endocarditis in 16 and congenital cutaneous candidiasis in 27. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion:Authors found that Candidial infection is common in newborn. Clinical manifestations were candida endophthalmitis, candida endocarditis and congenital cutaneous candidiasis.
Assessment of Nutritional Status in Children with Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Mohana
Published: October 2020

Background: Cerebral palsy refers to a group of disorders that affect movement or posture. The present study was conducted to nutrition status in children with cerebral palsy.Subjects and Methods:The present study was conducted on 120 children age ranged 7-16 years diagnosed with cerebral palsy. Nutritional status assessment was based on the TSF and AFA estimates derived from TSF and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) measurements. Children were classified into underweight, <5th normal weight, 5-84.89th and overweight, >85th.Result:There were 70 boys and 50 girls in present study. Common type was spastic in 90, dyskinetic in 20 and ataxic in 10 patients. GMFCS levels was level I in 30, level II in 15, level III  in 18, level IV in 9 and level V in 48 patients. The mean TSF and AFA Z-scores were significantly lower in low functioning children than in moderate functioning children (P< 0.05).Underweight and overweight prevalence were 13.1 % and 4.9 % respectively. The underweight prevalence was significantly higher in girls than in boys (P< 0.05), whereas overweight prevalence was significantly higher in boys than in girls (P< 0.05). Both underweight (P- 0.148) and overweight (P- 0.421) prevalence was not significantly different across age groups. Underweight prevalence was significantly higher in the low functioning group (P< 0.05).Conclusion:Authors found that cerebral palsy children face nutritional challenges. It is more common in underweight as compared to overweight children.
Study of Clinico-Radiological Profile in Childhood Tuberculosis
Authors: Triya Malde  , Gaurang Pabani  , O.P. Shukla
Published: October 2020

Background: Tuberculosis still is one of the deadliest diseases in the world killing nearly 2 million people every year. In India, two deaths occur every three minutes from tuberculosis. The actual global disease burden of childhood tuberculosis is not known, as childhood Tuberculosis is notoriously difficult to diagnose because of the absence of a ‘gold standard’ as bacteriologic confirmation is rarely achieved. The present study was designed to study clinical profile of various forms of childhood TB. Objective of this study was to study clinic-epidemiological profile of various forms of childhood TB.Subject and Method:Retrospective analysis of clinical profile of 100 patients of childhood TB in the age group of 6 months to 12 years. A detailed clinical history, family history of contact with Koch’s disease, history of BCG vaccination of each child was recorded. A complete examination was carried out and findings regarding the general and systemic examination were recorded. Result:Age distribution in our study showed that 51% cases in the age of 5-12 years, 47% cases in the age group 1-5 years and  2 % cases falling in the age group 0-1 years, with male to female ratio of a 1.27:1. 95% of the patients belonged to the lower socio-economic class. The distribution of TB was- pulmonary tuberculosis(42%),TBME(30%),pleural effusion(12%),abdominal TB (12%), TB lymphadenitis(4%), Osteotuberculosis(2%), miliary TB(2%). 12% of the patients had mild to moderate malnutrition (PEM Grade I, II)and 57 % were severely malnourished. 72% of the patients were BCG vaccinated and history of Koch’s contact were present in 21% of all cases. The most frequently seen symptoms were fever (88%), cough (65%), weight loss in 50%, anorexia in 35% of cases and in physical examination cachexia was the most common (50%) followed by hepatomegaly (40%),lymphadenopathy(16%) and Splenomegaly (8%) of  cases. Conclusion:childhood TB is commonly seen in children more than 1 year, lower socioeconomic class and in severely malnourished children.
Etiological Study of Short Stature among Children Attending Outpatient Department of Pediatrics in a Tertiary Care Medical College Hospital
Authors: Imthyas Khan V.H  , Harshini B P  , Ashoka C  , Kumar G V
Published: October 2020

Background: Short stature is a term applied to a child whose height is two standard deviations or more below the mean height for children of that gender and chronologic age.Familial short stature and Constitutional Growth delay are considered as normal variants, the pathological short stature includes a wide variety of underlying disorders.Chronic systemic disorders, malnutrition, chromosomal or endocrinal disorders lead to a proportionate short stature.While most of the disproportionate short stature are secondary to skeletal dysplasias or resistant rickets.Etiological evaluation plays an important role in identification of physiological as well as pathological causes of short stature.Subjects and Methods:All children of age between 2 and 18 years with height below 2 standard deviation of mean for age and gender were included in the study. Result:A total of 100 children were studied who fulfilled the criteria of short stature, out of which 61 children were male and 39 were female children.Present study showed that females had more pathological variants (72%) than males (46%) whereas males had more physiological variants (54%) than females (28%) with P-value: 0.011Hypothyroidism was more common in females than males with 28% and 8% respectively. Genetic syndrome was more common in females than males with 10% and 3% respectively. Conclusion:Etiological evaluation is of pivotal role in identification of physiological as well as pathological causes of short stature and also helps in modifying the course of stature by means of early intervention.
Study of Correlation between APGAR Scoreand Cord Blood Glucose Level of Neonates at Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Karthik S  , Preethi R M  , Kumar G V
Published: October 2020

Background: Cord blood biochemical parameter reflects the status of neonate. APGAR score following birth is used for evaluation of the neonate. There is limited data regarding the correlation between APGAR score and cord blood sugar levels.Subjects and Methods:Glucose Oxidase Peroxidase method was used for measuring cord blood sugar levels of 250 randomly selected consecutive samples. At 1 minute and 5 minutes of life the APGAR scores of the newborns were assessed by a single person in order to avoid subjective variability. The collected data was analyzed using the SPSS software. Mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus and overt diabetes were excluded from the study. Result:The mean age of the mothers in the study population was 22.86 years ± 3.465(SD). The mean blood glucose level in the maternal blood was 88.16 mg/dl ± 10.675(SD). The vaginal deliveries were 60.6% and Lower Uterine Caesarean Sections were 39.4 %. The cord blood glucose level had a mean value of 92.48 mg/dl ±21.005 (SD). The mean APGAR scores after 1 minute and 5 minutes of birth were found to be 4.82 ± 1.42(SD) and 7.01 ±1.68 (SD) respectively. Conclusion:The study showed no correlation with cord blood sugar levels and APGAR scores calculated at 1 minute and 5 minutes of life. The study found that neonates were free from complications if the cord blood sugar levels were around 87 mg/dl.
FIBER-OPTIC DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM ANOMALIES OF THE MAXILLOFACIAL AREA IN CHILDREN ARE ASSOCIATED WITH DYSFUNCTION OF THE TONGUE
Authors: Badeeva Elena Alexandrovna , Arutyunov Armenak , Murashkina Tatyana , Vasiliev Yuri , Khasanshina Nadezhda Alexandrovna , Slavkin Ilya Evgenievich
Published: October 2020

A fiber-optic diagnostic system based on fiber-optic sensors of the tongue pressure on the palate of the Flexural and attenuator-reflective types is proposed for use in therapeutic dentistry in the diagnosis of various abnormalities in the oral cavity caused by congenital clefts of the upper lip and palate of the ICD-10 (Q35, Q36,Q37) and other related anomalies.
İŞ YAŞAMINDA BİR RİSK: MOBBİNG ÜZERİNE MİNÖR BİR İNCELEME
Authors: ÖZALPYILDIZ Derya , DEVELİ Abdülkadir
Published: October 2020

Bu makalede, mobingin iş yaşamında bir risk olarak çalışanlar üzerindeki etkilerini incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden mülakat tekniği ile yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunda çalışma yaşamının bir bölümünde mobbinge maruz kalmış 7 çalışan yer almaktadır. Datalar çözümlenirken betimsel analiz tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Datalar daha önceden oluşturulmuş temalara uygun şekilde düzene konulmuş,ardından tematik çerçeveye uygun olacak şekilde tablolara işlenmiştir. Tablolar sayesinde kategoriler daha anlaşılır kılınmış, kategoriler arasında mukayese yapılması ve yorumlanması daha kolay olmuştur. Veriler, mobbingin iş yaşamında yaygın bir olgu olduğunu, bireysel, ailevi ve sosyal ilişkileri olumsuz etkilediğini, bunun yanında beden ve ruh sağlığını da olumsuz etkileyerek iş veriminde kayıplara yol açtığını açık şekilde ortaya koymuştur.
The Gratitude visit: Student reflections on a positive psychology experiential learning exercise
Authors: Payne Jackelyn , Babar Huma , Tse Elizabeth , Moyer Anne
Published: October 2020

This study aimed to examine students' subjective experiences and insights in response to engaging in a positive psychology exercise focused on gratefulness that was part of a college course. We conducted a qualitative content analysis of 97 reflection assignments submitted as part of undergraduate and graduate level positive psychology courses at a large public university. A grounded theory approach to qualitative research guided the analytic process. Six major themes emerged, including students’ thoughts about the interventions and difficulties with the experience, how the gratitude visit impacted their interpersonal relationships, reflections on the construct of gratitude, the effect of the intervention on their mood and stress levels, and beliefs about how the experience had and would continue to affect their lives beyond the course. Our findings support prior research suggesting the beneficial impact of experiential learning and imply that such experiential exercises are feasible in multiple levels of psychology courses.
Ecuación práctica para cubicar madera
Authors: Alpízar Vaglio Edwin
Published: October 2020

Se presenta la situación en torno a la Ley sobre el uso obligatorio del Sistema Internacional de Unidades, que deja como ilegal la cubicación de madera con el método de la “Pulgada Maderera Tica” (PMT). A pesar de los esfuerzos de la academia por proporcionar ecuaciones de cubicación, este sistema se mantiene vigente en la actualidad. Se explican de manera general las ecuaciones de más uso en Costa Rica. Asimismo, se sugiere que estas ecuaciones generadas por la academia no son utilizadas debido a la dificultad técnica de su aplicación por parte de los usuarios madereros y por la sobreestimación que hacen al considerar la totalidad del volumen y no el volumen comercial. Se propone una ecuación práctica que se basa en cubicar la madera en troza, sin considerar su redondez, sino que se estima el volumen comercial que se obtendría con el aserrío primario. Se demuestra que las ecuaciones al mecate y del cilindro sobreestima el volumen en más del 19 %. Finalmente,se sugiere que la ecuación propuesta puede ser aplicada para árboles en pie, con lo cual sedebe considerar la forma del fuste y su longitud, de modo que se defina un factor de ajuste al dap.
Barium Enema in Hirschsprung’s Disease : Correlation of Clinical Outcome
Authors: Laila K , Chowdhury T K , Talukder S A , Banu T
Published: October 2020

The anticipated level of aganglionosis can influence the surgical planning in Hirschsprung's disease (HD). The aim of this study was to find out the role of barium enema in diagnosis of HD. Barium enema is usually performed in patients referred for investigation for constipation. This prospective study was performed in the department of pediatric surgery Chittagong Medical College & Hospital. During this period a total of 198 patients were clinically diagnosed as HD. All patients were initially evaluated by plain x- ray abdomen in erect posture. Among 198 patients, 43 patients had perforation in plain x- ray and 31 were clinically unstable at presentation. Those 74 patients were excluded from the study. Rest 124 participating patients were divided into three groups: Neonate, Infant and children according to their age. Male to female ratio was 2.44: I. Barium enema X- ray early film, 24 hours delayed film (Antero-posterior and lateral view) were done for every patient. Length of radiological narrow zone (RNZ), radiological Transitional zone (RTZ) and Recto-sigmoid index (RSI) was measured in cm. Photo of X- ray was taken for every patient. RIZ was demonstrated in 74 (60%) patients. RNZ was demonstrated in 94 (75%) studied population. RSI was measured in 65 (52.42%) subjects. Retention of barium more than 24 hours was found in 95 (75%) patients. Redundant sigmoid colon was found in 54 (43.5%) patients. Right-sided sigmoid colon was present in 46(30.6%) patients. Saw-toothed appearance in spastic colon was seen in 38 (30.6%) patients. Mucosal edema and irregularities were present in 25 (20.2%) patients. Rounded transverse colon was seen in 6 children. Barium mixed with stool was found in 32 (25.8%) patients. Mosaic pattern of colon was present in 10 patients. Visualization of RTZ is a reliable sign ofH13. Besides the RIZ BE in HD has various other radiological features.
¿Can the subaltern look at us? The cinema of Jean Rouch and the subaltern theory of Gayatri Spivak.
Authors: Arias Carolina
Published: October 2020

This article proposes to analyze, based on the contributions of the visual anthropology of Jean Rouch and the postcolonial theories of Gayatri Spivak, the possibilities offered by audiovisual media as a subaltern way of breaking with the hegemonic narratives that have been imposed in colonial contexts. This with the objective of reflecting on the ethical scope of cinema and anthropology as forms of social and cultural representation.
The political construction of the images. Representations of the “class struggle” and the “people” in The battle of Chile.
Authors: Scherbovsky Natacha
Published: October 2020

This text analyzes the representations that the documentary The Battle of Chile makes about the Salvador Allende government (1970-1973) focusing on two central and interrelated aspects: the “class struggle” that according to the director of the film, Patricio Guzmán, motorized the revolutionary process developed in Chile and the “people” as a collective subject that was carrying out these social transformations. From a methodology that contemplates the filmic analysis with the testimony of the subjects, we will try to take into account the film strategies (use of the camera and montage) used to achieve these representations and the ideological discourses that were entangled with them.
AGUSTUS VERSUS KRISTUS DI SURAT FILIPI (BAGIAN 2): Pembacaan Anti-Imperial terhadap Filipi 2:6-11
Authors: Surif Surif
Published: October 2020

Abstrak: Artikel ini adalah kelanjutan dari artikel sebelumnya dengan judul yang sama. Tesis yang ditawarkan adalah bahwa Filipi 2:6-11 adalah narasi Injil Yesus Kristus dan perlu dipahami di dalam konteks konfrontasi teologis-ideologis terhadap injil Kaisar Agustus yang semarak dipropagandakan otoritas Romawi di banyak wilayah kekuasaan Romawi, termasuk di kota koloni Romawi Filipi, pada masa itu. Di dalam kerangka ini, Yesus Kristus digambarkan sebagai antitesis dari figur Agustus, kaisar terbesar Romawi pada saat itu. Narasi Injil Kristus di dalam Filipi 2:6-11 mengklaim sebagai berikut. Pertama Yesuslah, dan bukan Agustus, yang berstatus Ilahi (ay. 6) yang sesungguhnya karena karya pelayanan-Nya bagi semua umat manusia (ay. 7-8). Kedua, Yesuslah, dan bukan Agustus, yang ditinggikan oleh Allah sebagai Tuhan atas semesta (ay. 9). Ketiga, pada akhirnya Yesuslah, dan bukan Agustus, yang akan disembah sebagai Tuhan oleh seluruh ciptaan (ay. 10-11). Pembacaan yang demikian akan memberikan perspektif baru bagi pemahaman pergumulan jemaat Kristus di Filipi maupun bagi pemahaman atas berbagai nasihat Paulus yang tercantum di dalam surat Filipi.

Abstract: This article is the continuation of the previous article “Augustus Versus Christ in Philippians.” It is proposed in this second article that Philippians 2:6-11 is a narratival gospel of Jesus Christ, and it needs to be understood in the context of Paul’s theological and ideological confrontation with the gospel of Caesar Augustus that had been popularly propagated at that time by the imperial authority in many parts of Roman empire, including in the Roman colonial city of Philippi. In this framework, it is argued that Philippians 2:6-11 portrays Jesus Christ as the antithesis of Augustus, the greatest Roman Caesar at that time. This narratival gospel makes claims as follows. First, it is Jesus, and not Caesar Augustus, who is the real divine (v. 6) on account of his benefactional minisrty to all humankind (vv. 7-8). Second, it is Jesus, and not Caesar Augustus, who has been highly exalted by God himself as the lord of the whole universe (v. 9). Third, at the end, it is Jesus, and not Caesar Augustus, who will be worshiped as the Lord by the all creatures (vv. 10-11). This reading will give us a better understanding on the struggle of the Philippians church, and thus on Paul’s paranesis in his letter to this church.