bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Squamous Cell Carcinoma Arising from Linear Porokeratosis - a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Radoš Snežana , Milovanović Milena , Rajović Milica , Kostić Kristina , Tufegdžić Ivana , Kandolf Sekulović Lidija
Published: May 2018

Porokeratosis belongs to a group of disorders of keratinization that are characterized by the histopathological feature of the cornoid lamella, a column of tightly fitted parakeratotic cells. The etiology of porokeratosis is still unclear. Different variants of porokeratosis (PK) have been subsequently recognized, each with its own specific properties in terms of morphology, distribution and clinical course. Linear porokeratosis is one of the variants of porokeratosis, a rare disorder of keratinization that may develop into several epidermal malignancies, squamous cell carcinoma being the most frequent among all of them. Thus, a clinical surveillance for malignancy is an imperative. We present a case of a 54-year-old man with non-healing ulcer of the lower leg caused by squamous cell carcinoma arising on long-standing linear porokeratosis. The treatment included wide excision of tumor with the reconstruction of the area. Acitretin was prescribed for linear porokeratosis treatment. The follow-up of our patient so far has shown that he does not have new malignant lesions after surgical excision.
DERMOSCOPY OF THE MONTH Nevi with Site-Related Atypia
Authors: Tirnanić Tanja , Brašanac Dimitrije , Kandolf Sekulović Lidija
Published: May 2018

The term “nevi of special sites” refers to melanocytic nevi of specific anatomic locations including the breast, axillae, umbilicus, genitalia, flexural areas, acral surfaces, ear, scalp and the conjunctiva. Nevi from these anatomic sites display sometimes dermoscopic and histological features of melanoma, resulting in unnecessarily high rates of excisions and re-excisions. Some authors have categorized nevi excised in the axillary, breast, umbilical and perineal areas as the nevi of the milk line. Two patients, a 32-year-old female and 23-year-old male with breast and periumbilical pigmented lesions, presented to our Department during 2017. Dermoscopy revealed features that were highly specific for melanoma. Excisional biopsies were done and histopathology revealed benign nevi with present site-related atypia. Irregular blotches, non-uniform radial streaks, blue-gray veil, and regression are the most specific features of melanoma of the breast and flexural areas. Excision is always recommended in pigmented lesions on the breast and flexural areas, which exhibit these features. However, larger studies are needed to define specific criteria required to distinguish special-site nevi from melanoma.
The isolation and structural elucidation of a new iridoid glycoside from Cymbaria dahurica L.
Authors: Bai Cui-Lan , Wang Qing-Hu , Xu Yan-Hua , Han Jun-Sheng , Bao Yin-Ping
Published: May 2018

A new iridoid glycoside, namely, cymdahoside A (1), together with two known ones, 2 and 3, were isolated from the EtOAc extract of Cymbaria dahurica. The structure elucidation of 1 was carried out by one-dimensional (1D) NMR (1H and 13C NMR) and 2D NMR (correlation spectroscopy, heteronuclear single-quantum coherence, heteronuclear multiple-bond correlation and nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy) spectral analyses.
ANNIVERSARY REVIEW: 50 years since the discovery of bromocriptine
Authors: Michael Besser G , Pfeiffer Ronald F , Thorner Michael O
Published: May 2018

Ergotism is the long-term ergot poisoning by ingestion of rye or other grains infected with the fungusClaviceps purpureaand more recently by excessive intake of ergot drugs. It has either neuropsychiatric or vascular manifestations. In the Middle Ages, the gangrenous poisoning was known as St. Anthony’s fire, after the order of the Monks of St. Anthony who were particularly skilled at treating the condition. In 1917, Prof. Arthur Stoll returned home to Switzerland from Germany, to lead the development of a new pharmaceutical department at Sandoz Chemical Company. Stoll, using the special methods of extraction learned from his work with his mentor Willstetter, started his industrial research work with ergot. He succeeded in isolating, from the ergot of rye, ergotamine as an active principle of an old popular remedy for excessive post-partum bleeding. The success of this discovery occurred in 1918 and was translated into a pharmaceutical product in 1921 under the trade name Gynergen. In subsequent work, Stoll and his team were leaders in identifying the structure of the many other alkaloids and amines produced byClaviceps purpurea. This was the cultural background and scientific foundation on which bromocriptine was discovered.
Prolonged duration of response in lenvatinib responders with thyroid cancer
Authors: Gianoukakis Andrew G , Dutcus Corina E , Batty Nicolas , Guo Matthew , Baig Mahadi
Published: May 2018

We present an updated analysis of lenvatinib in radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RR-DTC) with new duration of response (DOR) data unavailable for the primary analysis. In this randomized, double-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled phase 3 study, patients ≥18 years old with measurable, pathologically confirmed RR-DTC with independent radiologic confirmation of disease progression within the previous 13 months were randomized 2:1 to oral lenvatinib 24 mg/day or placebo. The main outcome measures for this analysis are DOR and progression-free survival (PFS). The median DOR for all lenvatinib responders (patients with complete or partial responses; objective response rate: 60.2%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 54.2–66.1) was 30.0 months (95% CI 18.4–36.7) and was generally similar across subgroups. DOR was shorter in patients with greater disease burden and with brain and liver metastases. Updated median PFS was longer in the overall lenvatinib group vs placebo (19.4 vs 3.7 months; hazard ratio (HR) 0.24; 99% CI 0.17–0.35; nominal P < 0.0001). In lenvatinib responders, median PFS was 33.1 months (95% CI 27.8–44.6) vs 7.9 months (95% CI 5.8–10.7) in non-responders. The median DOR of 30.0 months seen with patients who achieved complete or partial responses with lenvatinib (60.2%) demonstrates that lenvatinib responders can have prolonged, durable and clinically meaningful responses. Prolonged PFS (33.1 months) was also observed in these lenvatinib responders.
Pair-work dynamics
Authors: Masuda Kyoko , Iwasaki Noriko
Published: May 2018

Adopting microgenetic analysis of languaging (Swain, 2006) in pair-work, this study aims to advance our understanding of learners’ developmental processes for the complex concepts of Japanese particles ni/de. Two pairs whose learning outcomes differed were chosen, and their languaging was examined, focusing on ‘stronger’ learners, the peers who showed more target-like knowledge of particles on fill-in-theblank pre-test than their partners. Both interaction patterns and quality of engagement appeared to have facilitated their conceptual internalization for the Japanese particles ni/de. A stronger learner in one of the pairs demonstrated reciprocal elaborate engagement in a collaborative pattern, and greatly improved his understanding and retained it longer-term. In contrast, a stronger learner in the other pair, who demonstrated non-reciprocal limited engagement in dominant-passive interaction, showed no development over time. Follow-up interviews revealed these peers’ differing attitudes toward pair-work, which were likely conducive to their engagement in pair-work and L2 learning outcome.
Using MMI Comments for Medical School Admissions Decision-Making
Authors: Khalak Rubia , Newman Linnie , Saltanovich Julia , Thibodeau Laurie , McCallum Sarah E.
Published: May 2018

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. IntroductionMultiple mini-interview (MMI) comments can help to reveal an underlying personality or behavioral flaw that the numerical scores are not designed to illustrate. The importance of the comments provided by interviewers has not been documented in the literature. This study sought to examine whether MMI comments influenced admission committee decision-making. MethodsFive thousand de-identified interview comments from a subset of 625 medical school applicants were reviewed by study raters who followed a rubric that outlined scoring assignments based upon the number of positive and negative statements made by MMI interviewers. The presence of extremely negative MMI comments was also evaluated.ResultsMMI score strongly correlated with MMI comment score assigned by the raters and contributed to overall committee score and decision for acceptance or rejection to medical school. The presence of one negative outlier comment score alone did not impact committee score or acceptance; however, when extremely negative attributes were identified by study raters within an outlier comment, this was associated with a reduction of final committee score and higher incidence of rejection.ConclusionsA strong correlation existed between the MMI comments and overall MMI score. Both MMI comments and MMI scores predict acceptance to medical school. The additional value of the MMI comments lies in the extremely negative outlier comments.
EFFICACY EVALUATION OF THE TRANSITION TO FIXED COMBINATION DRUG PRESTANCE IN PATIENTS WITH INSUFFICIENT CONTROL OF BLOOD PRESSURE BY OTHER ANTIHYPERTENSIVE MEDICATIONS OR COMBINATIONS: REGIONAL PROGRAM OBJECTIVE
Authors: Kravchenko A. Ya. , Alimkhanova Z. Z.
Published: May 2018

Aim.To evaluate efficacy of the fixed combination of perindopril arginine and amlodipine (original drug PRESTANCE, JSC “Servier”, France) in achievement of blood pressure (BP) control in patients non­controlled with other antihypertensive medications.

Material and methods. In the study, in real world setting, 250 arterial hypertension (AH) outpatients were included. The levels of systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure were assessed and “vascular age”, at baseline, in 1 and 3 months (visit 2) of treatment with PRESTANCE.

Results. In transition of patients to PRESTANCE there was decrease of SBP from 166,6±8,9 to 142,1±6,1 mmHg in 1 month (р<0,001) and to 131,1±6,1 mmHg in 3 months. (р<0,001), that is by 36 mmHg. BP decrease with the studied drug was similar in men and women, in patients older and younger 60. Target BP was reached in 79,6% of patients. The parameter “vascular age” after transition to PRESTANCE decreased in 3 months from 67,3±10,5 y. o. to 59,2±8,86 y. o., that is by 8,1 years.

Conclusion.Transition from mono­ or combination therapy to fixed combination of perindopril arginine/amlodipine releases rapid and potent antihypertensive efficacy in patients not reached the target BP at any previous therapy, including combination of perindopril with amlodipine.
ESTABLISHED COMORBIDITY IN ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION PATIENTS IN RURAL AREAS
Authors: Denisov I. N. , Zaugolnikova Т. V. , Popova Т. S. , Morozova Т. Е.
Published: May 2018

Aim. To analyze the specifics of comorbidity forming and age­related correlations of the risk factors (RF) distribution in arterial hypertension (AH) patients living in rural areas.

Material and methods. In 2015­2017 a retrospective analysis of 2500 patients database was done at two general practitioners offices in Konakovsky District of Tverskaya Oblast. Of those, 350 were selected (14%) at the age 44­53 (164 males, 186 females) among the charts containing most complete data on the dispanserization. Additionally, surveying of the group was done for more detailed retrospective analysis of comorbidity and RF existence during lifetime of 25­35 years.

Results. In the structure of comorbidity AH predominates, which has been diagnosed in 50,86% of patients; mostly it is diagnosed at the age 44­53 (81,06%). After AH, 2nd place is held by dorsopathies (24%), 3rd — gastrointestinal disorders (12%). For chronic pulmonary obstructive disease and cerebrovascular disease — it is less than 3%. 96,1% of men with AH are smokers at the age 18 to 53 y. o. By the age 53, in 40,26% of men and 36,63% of women there is bodyweight increase; and raised cholesterol — in 48,05% and 22,77%, respectively.

Conclusion. In rural areas inhabitants, the formation of comorbidity is ongoing mostly at age 44­53 y. o. Of the specifics of comorbidity in these patients, there is often combination of AH with dorsopathies, and quite rare — with chronic obstructive lung disease or cerebrovascular diseases. The observed at the age 34­43 “diagnostic gap” points on the necessity for attention to this exact age strata with the aim of ontime diagnostics and early stages of diseases reveal. The structure of RF during the lifetime is not homogenic and is the highest at the age of comorbidity forming (except smoking and professional harms). All the considered RF are more prominent in men than in women.
RELATION OF THE MARKERS OF MYOCARDIAL DYSFUNCTION AND SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION WITH STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL PARAMETERS OF THE LUNGS IN MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION PATIENTS
Authors: Polikutina O. M. , Slepynina Y. S. , Bazdyrev E. D. , Karetnikova V. N. , Barbarach O. L.
Published: May 2018

Aim. To evaluate the structural and functional changes in the lungs of ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients with absence or presence of chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD), and the relation with myocardial dysfunction and systemic inflammation.

Material and methods. Totally, 189 STEMI patients included: group 1 — STEMI with COPD of moderate and mild grade, 2 — STEMI with no lung pathology. Groups were comparable by clinical and anamnestic parameters. Assessment of lung function and blood collection were done at 10­12 day of STEMI. For comparison of the parameters representing structural and functional changes in the lungs and comparison of C­reactive protein (CRP), N­terminal pro­brain natriuretic peptide (NT­proBNP) concentration, a control group was formed with no pulmonary pathology, comparable by age and sex with the STEMI patients.

Results. In COPD patients, higher values revealed of the parameters representing the part of residual volumes in pulmonary structure. Higher residual volume (RV) was found also in STEMI and no COPD comparing to controls, however the relation RV/TLC (total lung capacity) was not higher than normal range. In both groups there were lower values of diffusion lung capacity (DLCO) comparing to controls. The lowest DLCO found in COPD patients. Concentration of NT­proBNP (H=41,6; p<0,001) and CRP (H=38,6; p<0,001) in COPD was significantly higher in STEMI with no COPD patients than in controls. The negative correlations found for NT­proBNP and CRP with forced expiratory volume 1 sec, FEV/FVC1, DLCO, and positive — with the values of thoracic volume, RV/TLC.

Conclusion. In STEMI patients the increase revealed of residual lung volumes. Mostly the level of residual volumes is high in STEMI and COPD patients. There are associations of NT­proBNP and CRP with structural and functional parameters of the lungs regardless of COPD.
CAROTID­SUBCLAVIAN GRAFTING IN OCCLUSION OF THE FIRST PORTION OF SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY AND MULTIFOCAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS: FIVE YEAR FOLLOW­UP DATA
Authors: Tarasov R. S. , Kazantsev A. N. , Burkov N. N. , Anufriev A. I. , Shabaev A. R. , Lider R. Yu. , Mironov А. V. , Barbarash L. S.
Published: May 2018

Aim.Analysis of the prevalence and structure of hospital and five year postsurgical complications in patients with occlusion of the first portion of subclavian artery and multifocal atherosclerosis.

Material and methods.To the study, 45 patients included, who had underwent carotid­subclavian shunting during 2008­2015y.

Results.In hospital period of follow­up there were no significant adverse cardiovascular events. Among the comlications, in several cases there were vocal cords paresis, paresis of the diaphragm dome, limphorrhea. The study shows that significant cardiovascular events occurred only in long term of the disease period and were related to the following stage of revascularization.

Conclusion.The obtained results underscore the significance of risk stratification and selection of the optimal strategy of revascularization in the cohort of patients, that is impossible unless an approach is personified.
EXPERIENCE OF USING THE NON­SELECTIVE ENDOTHELIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST MACITENTAN IN PATIENTS WITH PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Simakova M. A. , Goncharova N. S. , Karelkina E. V. , Moiseeva O. M.
Published: May 2018

Aim. To present the results of treatment with macitentan of patients included in the clinical trial SERAPHIN in Almazov National Medical Research Centre and define target therapy of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in real clinical practice.

Material and methods. The article presents the results of the 151 patients with PAH followed­up in Almazov National Medical Research Centre from 2009 to 2016.

Results. Five­year survival of PAH patients included in the register of Almazov National Medical Research Centre reached 77% for idiopathic PAH, 52% for PAH associated with systemic scleroderma, 81% for PAH associated with non­repaired congenital heart disease, 82% for patients with repaired congenital shunts and 100% for PAH associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection. The group that received PAH specific monotherapy consisted of 47% (n=71) of patients among which phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE­5i) sildenafil was undoubtedly the most prescribed drug — 74% (n=53). The group that received combined PAH specific therapy consisted of 66 (44%) patients: 48 patients received various two­component therapy, 18 patients — threecomponent therapy with endothelin receptor antagonist in combination with PDE­5i and prostanoids. 11 patients with PAH were included in SERAPHIN study of which 9 patients had been already receiving generic PDE­5i therapy. In macitentan group, a statistically significant increase in the 6­minute walk distance (+50 meters) and a decrease in hemodynamic parameters such as mean right atrial pressure (­2,3 mm Hg) and pulmonary vascular resistance (­445 dyn­sec/cm5) were observed after 6 months. No patient had a clinically significant increase in liver transaminases or a decrease in hemoglobin levels.

Conclusion. Improvement of prognosis in PAH patients according to the register of the Centre is connected both with early detection of the disease, thanks to the development of specialized healthcare, and more frequent use of combination therapy. Macitentan proved its long­term efficacy and safety as monotherapy and in combination with PDE­5i.
INDIVIDUAL APPROACH TO MANAGEMENT OF PREGNANCY IN WOMAN WITH PROSTETIC HEART VALVE THROMBOSIS
Authors: Mamedguseyinova S. S. , Lapochkina N. D. , Matyushkov N. S. , Kokorin V. A. , Gordeev I. G. , Grishina I. S. , Konysheva О. V. , Averkov О. V.
Published: May 2018

In the clinical case, an individual approach is demonstrated to management of mechanical aortic valve thrombosis. The specifics of the case is in 12­13 weeks pregnancy of the patient, in aggressive antithrombotic therapy, absence of hemorrhagic complications and complications of the fetus.
APPROACHES TO STATIN THERAPY ADHERENCE IMPROVEMENT
Authors: Shalnova S. A. , Belov V. N. , Valiakhmetov M. N. , Veselovskaya N. G. , Voronina N. V. , Dmitriev A. V. , Efremova E. V. , Minushkina L. О. , Naydich A. М. , Pavlova V. Yu. , Pakhomov Ya. M. , Rivin A. Е. , Feiskhanova L. I. , Khorolets Е. V. , Askerko О. P. , Topuridze E. Z.
Published: May 2018

Most cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are of atherosclerotic origin, and lipid disorders play significant role, setting up the cardiovascular continuum, together with other risk factors. It also known that decrease of low density lipoproteins cholesterol (CLDL) level leads to decreased occurrence of CVDs in primary and secondary prevention of the diseases. Statins, at the moment, are a standard of medical care. However, two problems remain on the way to cardiovascular risk reduction — insufficient statins prescription and low rate of archived target levels of cholesterol and CLDL. In the end of October 2017, by the initiative of Sandoz LLC, in Kazan an educational seminar was conducted, where the representatives from 12 regions discussed the issues on statin therapy adherence improvement. Seminar program included lectures, practical interactive events and general discussion. As a specifics of the seminar, the participants not only listened to lectures, but prepared proposals in interactive regimen, discussed them with the colleagues, presented and defended projects. So, every participant was merged into the problem and directly influenced the discussion. Among the participants were internists, cardiologists, neurologists. Seminar vector was directed to revealing and overcoming such barriers for statin adherence as the so­called barriers of consent, understanding and availability, that depend on clinician as well as patient and healthcare system. Also the issues were discussed on the Internet influence on “antistatin” behavior, that prefers “good” bioactive compounds for “vile” statins.
Gastronomic Revolution
Authors: Bannister Hannah
Published: May 2018

The commodification of culture occurs when cultural products gain additional value beyond standard use-value, moving from a non-commercial realm to the commercial. Before ascending to the global culinary stage, Peruvian cuisine underwent a series of changes as the government, a group of Peruvian elites, and chefs explored ways to increase the cuisine’s market potential, in an era deemed the gastronomic revolution. This research examines the evolution of cuisine through a qualitative analysis of media portrayals and scholarly understandings of the gastronomic revolution and Peruvian cuisine. I argue that the gastronomic revolution in Peru is contributing to the commodification of Peruvian food culture. Though Peru stands to benefit economically from the transformation of Peruvian cuisine, the contributions of minority groups to cuisine could be left behind in selling Peruvian food culture to a global audience.
Soy Domination
Authors: Griffith Lucy
Published: May 2018

Genetically modified soy has experienced enormous growth in Latin America’s Southern Cone nations since the beginning of the soy boom in the 1990s. The Southern Cone refers to the nations at the southern end of South America, typically including Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay and Brazil. The exponential growth in the soy industry created significant problems for smallholder farmers and peasant communities in Argentina and Paraguay. The soy boom led to extensive displacement, job loss, and uncertainty among peasants and smallholder farmers. Genetically modified technology also threatens the health of surrounding communities. Agribusiness giants encouraged the growth of the soy industry in Argentina and Paraguay, creating an export-based economy reliant upon raw material output. This research explores the various impacts of the genetically modified soy industry, with particular emphasis on smallholder farmers and peasants in the region.
“And Suddenly You Can See The Stars”
Authors: Nasseri Brook
Published: May 2018

This paper focuses on two works belonging to the African-American literary canon: Ralph Ellison’s 1947 novel Invisible Man and Ta-Nehisi Coates’s 2015 memoir Between the World and Me. I seek to understand the importance of the act of writing in both texts by applying existential principles from Jean-Paul Sartre to the writing in these works in order to understand how it functions as a means of both self-objectification and self-creation. In addition to writing’s personal nature, I also consider social aspects by examining some of the ways in which these works support and defy conventions of the African-American literary canon. External influences, including popular culture and current events, also influence these texts, and the books in turn demonstrate an ability to change the world by interacting with it. Ultimately, these two texts demonstrate how the act of writing shapes and creates both the writer and the world around him.
Within the Confines of Legality
Authors: Cooper Olivia
Published: May 2018

The Œuvre de secours aux enfants (the “Society for Children’s Aid”, or OSE) was one of several humanitarian organizations working within the confines of the Rivesaltes transit camp in southern France during the Second World War. The OSE, a Jewish humanitarian aid organization, was particularly concerned with Jewish child prisoners in transit and internment camps like Rivesaltes. Members of the OSE entered Rivesaltes camp on a daily basis throughout the war in order to distribute food and offer supplementary educational opportunities to the young children interred there. Its primary objective, however, was to oversee the safe removal of as many Jewish children as possible from Rivesaltes. To do this, the OSE relied on its established children’s homes throughout the country, as well as new ones that were instituted during the war, to petition the Vichy government for the liberation of Jewish children from Rivesaltes. These procedures were expensive, bureaucratic, and lengthy; however, they allowed the OSE to secure the release of many Jewish children from Rivesaltes and other camps. Throughout the course of the Second World War, the OSE—operating legally and transparently—succeeded in liberating hundreds of Rivesaltes’s youngest prisoners.
My Fate is in Your Hand
Authors: Cateforis Alex
Published: May 2018

Yasuo Kuniyoshi (1889-1953) was a Japanese-American émigré artist active and successful in the United States from the mid-1920s until his death. However, despite his artistic achievement and integration into American culture, Kuniyoshi’s life and fate turned tragic as the Pacific War erupted, which intensified extreme racism toward the people of Japanese heritage and increased nationalism in the United States. Kuniyoshi’s 1950 painting My Fate is in Your Hand reveals the artist’s dual and conflicted identity, his social and political fate in the U.S. after Pearl Harbor, and suggests that a year before his death, the artist no longer controlled his fate. A majority of white Americans and the conservative American art world rejected him as an Asian “other.” Kuniyoshi grew weary, stressed, and anxious, an artist caught between success and rejection and his split Japanese and American identity. In this essay, I argue that each major portion of the work’s title— “My,” “Fate,” and “Your Hand”— reveals the symbolic meaning of the painting and suggests the artist’s inner state in 1950. I also analyze four of Kuniyoshi’s earlier works to provide insight into the meaning of My Fate is in Your Hand and to tell the story of the Japanese-American artist.
“I Don’t Know About This Monkey Business”
Authors: Fullerton Ryan T.
Published: May 2018

As Christian fundamentalism gained strength in American political culture at the beginning of the twentieth century, debate sparked over whether or not the theory of evolution should be taught in science classrooms. When John Thomas Scopes was indicted for teaching the theory in Tennessee in 1925 in violation of a recent fundamentalist law, the debate reached the national stage. Yet although the controversy included the voices of politicians, parents, pastors, and many others, the voices of students seemed unheard, even by historians who have since written about this debate. Primary documents telling their story are available, however, and together they display that students in the 1920s were far less in danger of abandoning Christianity after learning about evolution than fundamentalists proclaimed.
'So Long, Farewell’
Authors: Grube Elizabeth
Published: May 2018

The early 1960s created the brewing of social change before the explosion of the cultural revolution of the late 1960s. In this period, Hollywood released its first family movies, Mary Poppins in 1964 and The Sound of Music in 1965, meant to be enjoyed by children and parents alike. These two movies enjoyed a wealth of surprising success, sweeping the academy awards and establishing The Sound of Music as the top grossing film of all time, surpassing America’s beloved Gone With The Wind. Historians and contemporaries alike have questioned and offered answers as to why two movie musicals would capture the attention of the nation with such force. This thesis seeks to argue that Mary Poppins and The Sound of Music addressed fears concerning the breakdown of family life, feminine and maternal identity, questions of child rearing and provided wholesome family entertainment that the American family was seeking, while pioneering as the first films in the family movie movement.
Patented in China
Authors: Tan Rachel Yu-Ru
Published: May 2018

The body of research providing empirical support for the importance of innovation for rapid economic growth has left countries scrambling to cultivate innovative capabilities amongst their citizens. China’s emergence as the top filer of domestic patent applications in 2011 has been attributed to policies enacted by the Chinese leadership aimed at increasing innovative activity within the country. This paper finds support for the argument that government intervention has a stronger influence on innovation than free markets, for patterns in domestic patent activity in China and Malaysia seem to coincide with each government’s policies and incentives that explicitly target innovative activity. However, the debate on the quality of Chinese patents suggests the importance of implementing a more sustainable innovation development strategy over enforcing short-term quantitative targets. This paper discusses the role of education in serving as a more sustainable method in the development of a nation’s innovation trajectory.
Defensive Humanitarianism
Authors: Zimmerman Holden
Published: May 2018

During World War I, the Swiss state interned nearly 30,000 foreign soldiers who had previously been held in POW camps in Germany, France, Britain, Belgium, Austria, and Russia. The internment camp system that Switzerland implemented arose from the Swiss diplomatic platform of defensive humanitarianism. By offering good offices to the belligerent states of WWI, the Swiss state utilized humanitarian law both to secure Swiss neutrality and to alleviate, to a degree, the immense human suffering of the war. The Swiss government mixed domestic security concerns with international diplomacy and humanitarianism. They elevated a domestic policy platform to the international diplomatic level and succeeded in building enough trust between the party states to create an internment system that reconceptualized the treatment of foreign soldiers from the holding of prisoners to the healing of men.
Engaging through Seeing
Authors: Glennemeier Jaelyn
Published: May 2018

The opening scene of Charlotte Brontë’s best-known novel, Jane Eyre, reveals a young Jane pouring over the pages of Thomas Bewick’s History of British Birds. Her eyes are drawn to the mysterious vignettes of the forlorn arctic and the lone ship on the rough sea. The images take over and inspire her imagination, but her deep connection to these images suggests something far more complex than a moment of childhood daydreaming. More than a simple literary allusion, the scene calls for a closer look into the relationship between imagination and illustration. This paper examines how both Bewick and Brontë understood the useful application of imagination in their roles as artists and as writers. It recognizes the nineteenth-century visual reading experience and argues that these authors intentionally used illustrations as integral parts of their texts. It also argues that young Jane’s ability to imaginatively partake in reading, and in life, make her both Bewick and Brontë’s ideal reader.
Behavior of the functional independence domains in patients submitted to the revascularization of the myocardium during intensive care unit stay
Authors: Cordeiro André Luiz , Guimarães André Raimundo , Melo Thiago Araújo , Petto Jefferson , Gomes-Neto Mansueto , Shannon Alinne
Published: May 2018

INTRODUCTION: Functional Independence Measurement (MIF) is used to evaluate the functional status of patients being divided into domains and should be applied in patients undergoing cardiac surgery due to their high potential for deleterious effects. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the behavior of MIF domains in patients submitted to myocardial revascularization. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a cohort study. At the time of hospital admission, the functionality was evaluated through the MIF and computed the six domains. After the surgery on the day of discharge from the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), the MIF was again applied for comparison with the preoperative period and correlation with the length of stay in the ICU. RESULTS: A total of 38 patients were analyzed: 21 (55.3%) men, mean age was 57.3 ± 13.3 years. The mean ICU stay was 2.9 ± 1.3 days, with a FIM of 125.7 ± 0.5 and a mean of 87.4 ± 16.8 (p <0.001). In relation to the domains, a reduction was observed in all of them, with the exception of Communication from 14 to 13.1 ± 2.1 (p = 0.24) and Cognition 20.9 ± 0.1 to 19.2 ± 4, 4 (p = 0.24). However, there was a strong correlation between ICU stay time with the communication domains (r -0.76 and p <0.01) and cognition (r -0.77 and p <0.01). CONCLUSION: It is concluded that the functionality is reduced due to cardiac surgery and that the time spent in the ICU is directly related to the worsening of communication and cognition.
FROM INTUITION TO PROFESSIONALIZATION: A QUALITATIVE STUDY ABOUT THE DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHER IDENTITY IN INTERNAL MEDICINE SENIOR RESIDENTS
Authors: Audétat Marie-Claude , Grégoire Geneviève , Fernandez Nicolas , Laurin Suzanne
Published: May 2018

Objectives: Professional identity can be defined as a developmental process. Literature suggests that residents aiming to practice in a teaching institution should receive support for the development of teaching competencies as much as they do for medical competencies, but there is limited data on how to recognize teacher identity development in residents. Our study focused on the manifestations of teacher identity development in a group of senior residents in a four-week optional pedagogy rotation. In particular, we were interested in seeing teacher identity development towards the end of the residency program, at a time when clinician identity begins to consolidate.  Methods: A qualitative and exploratory approach guided our study design. Participants were internal medicine residents, (from Yr4 to Yr6) at University of Montréal, who intended working in a university setting and were interested in developing a teaching project. Focus groups were held at three separate moments: 1) before rotation, 2) after rotation and, 3) six months after rotation. Direct content analysis was chosen to analyze our findings. Results: We observed the emergence and the evolution of teacher identity and furthermore, we identified six development pathways, which underpin the development of teacher professional identity: 1) From awkward and stereotyped usage to mastery of concepts and teaching techniques, 2) From the reproduction of implicit norms of the clinical setting to the establishment of pedagogical norms 3) From the feeling of powerlessness in teaching to a feeling of mastery and taking initiatives 4) From teaching intuitively to reasoning pedagogically 5) From a teacher based paradigm to the discovery of the learner-centered paradigm and 6) From an emerging identity as a clinician to the simultaneous construction of twin identities: clinician and teacher. Six development indicators providing operational cues to help recognize different facets of teacher identity development were then identified. Conclusion: The identity development pathways allowed us to gain deeper insights about how teacher identity develops in internal medicine residents toward the end of a pedagogical rotation. It is our hope that these findings will help educators recognize and support the development of teacher identity in their residents.
A systematic review on Depression literacy: knowledge, help- seeking and stigmatizing attitudes among adolescents v1
Authors: Singh I.Sarbhan , Ahmad Zaki II.Rafdzah , Daliana Binti Nik Farid III.Nik
Published: May 2018

This serves as the protocol for the planned publication of a systematic review with the same title. To the best of our knowledge, this is first systematic review addressing this particular issue thus the review is not an update of a former publication. This protocol is also not an update of a previously completed or published protocol by this team of reviewers. In accordance with recommendations, the systematic review has been registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) on 24 April 2017 CRD42017063788. Depression tends to occur very commonly during the adolescence phase. Studies in the past has focused much of assessing depression literacy among the adult population. The aim of this study was to compile and analyse the existing evidence on tools used to examine depression literacy, components of depression literacy and its association with depression symptoms among adolescents. Methods: Nine electronic databases and 1 grey literature (google scholar) were search between January 2006 to April 2018 for studies published in English language involving adolescent ages 10 to 19 years (1).We included studies that reported on components of depression literacy such as knowledge, help seeking and stigmatizing attitudes which is based on the definition of Mental Health Literacy proposed by Jorm and Kutcher (2,3) We excluded qualitative studies and quantitative studies focusing on psychometric properties of tools. Boolean search was performed on each database using 3 set of search term which was Adolescent, Mental Health Literacy and Depression. Search strategies of existing systematic reviews on topics of Adolescent or Mental Health Literacy or Depression literacy were used as a reference to identify additional MESH terms and keywords.The full electronic search strategy of each data base and google scholar is explained under the steps section
Characteristics of protrombin pool of patients with ischemic stroke
Authors: Katrii T. , Savchuk O. , Shandyuk V. , Melnyk V.
Published: May 2018

The normal level of prothrombin pool concentration at the blood plasma for the people who one year past had an acute atherothrombotic or cardioembolic ischemic stroke was showen. Identified plasma proteins at the post stroke fractions were identical to the healthy donor's fraction. Was proved the tested fraction included the proteins in a range of molecular weights corresponding to molecules of prothrombin, thrombin, their covalent complexes with other proteins and degraded fragments.
Age features of metabolic syndrome effects on fetal embryonic development of the male rat offsprings
Authors: Tkachenko O. , Kovalenko V.
Published: May 2018

Comparative study of embryo-fetal death in females fertilized by males with metabolic syndrome, induced in adult or juvenile age has shown that the offspring of adult rats did not have significant abnormalities in embrio- and fetogenesis. At the same time it has been revealed 4% postimplantation death of offspring in male rats with metabolic syndrome induced in the juvenile age. The pre-implantation loss in this group was 6 folds higher than in control. Accordingly, the total mortality of the offspring rose 2.4 times in comparison with control.
Interrelation of Psychological Defense Mechanisms and Time Perspective during Middle Adulthood
Authors: Kuznetsova O.V. , Petrushova I.V.
Published: May 2018

The article discloses the problem of connection of psychological defense mechanisms and time perspective during middle adulthood. The research was conducted considering the modern ideas of psychological defense mechanisms and time perspective of the personality. As a result of the stating experiment the data confirming existence of correlation between defense mechanisms, temporal orientation, extent of future perspective and event saturation of the different temporal periods have been obtained. High tension psychological defenses and some primitive psychological defenses are associated with a focus on the negative past and fatalistic present; this combination characterizes the personality as insufficiently mature. More primitive defenses are connected with adverse temporal orientation (the negative past and the fatalistic present), more mature - with favorable orientation (future). Results of the study can be used in psychological counseling in order to enhance personal development and social adaptation.
Features of Development of Communicative Competence in Children with Mental Retardation
Authors: Zarechnaya A.A.
Published: May 2018

The article presents the results of the study of communicative competence in children with mental retardation. Experimental data on the development of communicative competence in children with mental retardation are presented, a comparative analysis with the data of normally developing children is performed. The connection between types of communicative competence in preschool children with mental retardation, their ability to cooperate with their peers: to plan, coordinate and carry out joint actions to achieve a common goal is empirically revealed. It is proved that communicative competence as a regulatory mechanism of the program of joint activity in children with mental retardation is formed at a delayed pace and requires additional training in order to develop the ability to perform group tasks. Experimental data allow to develop a model of communicative competence formation in children with mental retardation on the basis of the development of the allocated communicative competences in the course of joint activity with a peer.
Students’ Perceptions of Individual Health at Different Stages of Life
Authors: Ermolaev B.V. , Ermolaeva M.V. , Lubovsky D.
Published: May 2018

The paper analyses the problem of how health preservation is perceived by teenagers, adolescents and youths, demonstrating the need for research of students’ perceptions of individual health and its preservation at different stages of life. An empirical study conducted with 522 students of the Moscow Polytechnic University (3 age groups, average age 17, 19 and 21 years) used a custom questionnaire aimed at examining their perceptions regarding the greatest value of the health factor at different stages of life from infancy to elderly age. The study revealed an unfortunate downward trend of individual health value with respect to the age when systematic health problems appear. Some gender differences in attitude towards individual health were discovered; for instance, women place a higher value on it for every stage of life and attach greater importance to it in early ontogeny. Men were found to overestimate the age associated with the onset of system health issues. The paper shows the possibilities for practical application of obtained data.
The Image of the Profession among the Specialists of the Special Working Conditions of Primorsky Region
Authors: Lyukshina D.S. , Kalita V.V.
Published: May 2018

The aim of the research is to describe the image of the profession that the experts of the Border, Police and Customs services have. Today, the future of the Russian Federation mostly depends on these experts’ rate of psychological readiness, level of professional skills and qualification, their ability to solve problems of high complexity. The technique of Serkin V.P. "Specialized semantic differential for the profession assessment" was used as the main technique. The research with participation of the employees of the Border (n = 100), Police (n = 100) and Customs services (n = 100) was carried out. The procedure of calculating of the semantic was selected for the processing of the results. Two common were revealed: the image of profession in three groups of experts working in special conditions is reconstructed, as “skilled” and “highly responsible”. At the Border service the image of profession is characterized by the following psychological characteristics: complex, active, tense, demanded, comprehended. At the Police service the image of profession is described as educational, perspective, common. At the Customs service the image of profession is characterized as complex, active, tense, demanded, sociable. The achieved results can be used in consulting work with the employees Border service of the FSB Russia for the Primorye territory, of the territorial bodies of the Police and the Customs services of the Primorsky Region, as well as by the heads of the services and their divisions for increasing the efficiency and professional work productivity.
Professional Samples in the Training Process of Primary School Teachers for Working with Inclusion
Authors: Bruk Z.Y. , Patrusheva I.V. , Fedina L.V.
Published: May 2018

The article presents the results of professional sample as one of the conditions of practice-oriented learning. The samples were carried out during the approbation of the project which is aimed at the improving of future teacher's training through strengthening of the practical orientation in the context of inclusive education. The authors describe the content and mechanism of a professional sample in the real teaching and educational process by the implementation of the module "Theoretical and methodological foundations of inclusive education". The authors came to the conclusion that the use of professional samples in the system of future teachers training can significantly increase the indicators of methodical readiness of students. Nevertheless, the competences of diagnosing the teaching and educational process, the ability to conduct observations are not sufficiently formed. The use of the professional samples method in the educational process helps to connect theory and the practical activity of the teacher in the context of inclusive education, to develop the competence of making informed and effective decisions, to form the experience of interaction with special children, and to develop personal responsibility and the ability to self-reflection.
Simulation of Teaching Activities in the Training of Bachelors in Psychological-Pedagogical Direction
Authors: Sokolov V.L.
Published: May 2018

The article presents the results of testing an innovative product, developed in MSUPE, simulation teaching activities of the mathematics teacher of the first class. Discusses the possibility of using simulation for the formation of the labour features of the future teachers. The analysis of the place of use of the simulator in the context of the modular principle of teacher education that combines learning of the theoretical knowledge with their practical application. Are obtained in the course of the study, data on changes in the ability to carry out meaningful reflection, reducing external learning motivation in the experimental group of students. On the basis of the observations given the qualitative analysis of students ' attitudes toward a new software product and its role in the development of the content of the training module. A number of conclusions about the effects and prospects of the use of simulation teaching.
The Need of Interdisciplinary Approach for the Treatment of Children with Down Syndrome with Severe Caries Unintentionally Facilitated by Hypotonia Therapy
Authors: Bimstein Enrique , Miskovich Camilla
Published: May 2018

This manuscript describes a case of a 4-year-old child with Down syndrome involving hypotonia in which the use of sweets to induce oral muscular function contributed to the need to extract all the primary teeth due to extensive caries. The need for interdisciplinary education and practice targeted to the treatment of children with special health care needs is emphasized.