bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comprehensive Mechanistic Analysis of Palladium- and Nickel-Catalyzed α,β-Dehydrogenation of Carbonyls via Organozinc Intermediates
Authors: Newhouse Timothy , Bodnar Alexandra , Szewczyk Suzanne , Sun Yang , Chen Yifeng , Huang Anson
Published: January 2024

Introducing degrees of unsaturation into small molecules is a central transformation in organic synthesis. A strategi- cally useful category of this reaction type is conversion of alkanes into alkenes for substrates with an adjacent electron withdrawing group. An efficient strategy for this conversion has been deprotonation to form a stabilized organozinc intermediate that can be subject to α,β-dehydrogenation through palladium or nickel catalysis. This general reactivity blueprint presents a window to uncover and understand the reactivity of Pd- and Ni-enolates. Within this context, it was determined that β-hydride elimination is slow and proceeds via a concerted syn-elimination. One interesting finding is that β-hydride elimination can be preferred to a greater extent than C–C bond formation for Ni more so than with Pd, which defies the generally assumed trends that β-hydride elimination is more facile with Pd than Ni. Discussion of these findings are informed by KIE experiments, DFT calculations, stoichiometric reac- tions, and rate studies. Additionally, this report details an in-depth analysis of a methodological manifold for practical dehydrogenation and should enable its application to challenges in organic synthesis.
Understanding and Fine Tuning the Propensity of ATP-Driven Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation with Oligolysine
Authors: Zhu Qiang , Wu Yongxian , Luo Ray
Published: January 2024

Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation (LLPS) plays pivotal roles in the organization and functionality of living cells. It is imperative to understand the underlying driving forces behind LLPS and to control its occurrence. In this study, we employed coarse-grained (CG) simulations as a research tool to investigate systems comprising oligolysine and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) under conditions of various ionic concentrations and oligolysine lengths. Consistent with experimental observations, our CG simulations captured the formation of LLPS upon the addition of ATP and tendency of dissociating under high ionic concentration. The primary driving force behind this phenomenon is the electrostatic interaction between oligolysine and ATP. An in-depth analysis on the structural properties of LLPS was conducted, where the oligolysine structure remained unchanged with increased ionic concentration and the addition of ATP led to a more pronounced curvature, aligning with the observed enhancement of $\alpha$-helical secondary structure in experiments. In terms of the dynamic properties, the introduction of ATP led to a significant reduction in translational and vibrational degrees of freedom but not rotational degrees of freedom. Through keeping the total number of charged residues constant and varying their entropic effects, we constructed two systems of similar biochemical significance and further validated the entropy effects on the LLPS formation. These findings provide a deeper understanding of LLPS formation and shed lights on the development of novel bioreactor and primitive artificial cells for synthesizing key chemicals for certain diseases.
Mechanistic rationale for ketene formation during vaping
Authors: Munger Kaelas , Anreise Killian , Jensen Robert , Peyton David , Strongin Robert
Published: January 2024

Ketene is one of the most toxic vaping emissions identified to date. However, its high reactivity renders it relatively challenging to identify. In addition, theoretical studies show that realistic vaping temperature settings are too low to produce ketene. Each of these issues is addressed herein. First, an isotopically-labeled acetate precursor is used for the identification of ketene with enhanced rigor in vaped aerosols. Second, discrepancies between theoretical and experimental findings are explained by accounting for the effects of aerobic (experimental) versus anaerobic (simulated and theoretical) pyrolysis conditions. This finding is also relevant to explaining the relatively low temperature production of aerosol toxicants beyond ketene. Moreover, the study herein shows that ketene formation during vaping is not limited to molecules possessing a phenyl acetate substructure. This means that ketene emission during vaping, including from popular flavorants such as ethyl acetate, may be more prevalent than is currently known.
Improved Rate Capability for Dry Thick Electrodes Through Finite Elements Method and Machine-Learning Coupling
Authors: Chouchane Mehdi , Yao Weiliang , Cronk Ashley , Zhang Minghao , Meng Shirley
Published: January 2024

A coupled Finite Elements Method (FEM) and Machine-Learning (ML) workflow is presented to optimize the rate capability of thick positive electrodes (ca. 150 µm and 8 mAh/cm²). An ML model is trained based on the geometrical observables of individual LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 particles and their average state of discharge (SOD) predicted from FEM modeling. This model not only bypasses lengthy FEM simulations, but also provides deeper insights on the importance of pore tortuosity and the active particles size, identified as the limiting phenomenon during the discharge. Based on these findings, a bi-layer configuration is proposed to tackle the identified limiting factors for the rate capability. The benefits of this structured electrode are validated through FEM by comparing its performance to a pristine mono-layer electrode. Finally, experimental validation using dry processing demonstrates a 40% higher volumetric capacity of the bi-layer electrode when compared to the previously reported thick NMC electrodes.
Sire: An Interoperability Engine for Prototyping Algorithms and Exchanging Information Between Molecular Simulation Programs
Authors: Woods Christopher , Hedges Lester , Mulholland Adrian , Malaisree Maturos , Tosco Paolo , Loeffler Hannes , Suruzhon Miroslav , Burman Matthew , Bariami Sofia , Bosisio Stefano , Calabro Gaetano , Clark Finlay , Mey Antonia , Michel Julien
Published: January 2024

Sire is a Python/C++ library that is used to both prototype new algorithms and as an interoperability engine for exchanging information between molecular simulation programs. It provides a collection of file parsers and information converters that together make it easier to combine and leverage the functionality of many other programs and libraries. This empowers researchers to use sire to write a single script that can, for example, load a molecule from a PDBx/mmCIF file via Gemmi, perform SMARTS searches via RDKit, parameterise molecules using BioSimSpace, run GPU-accelerated molecular dynamics via OpenMM, and then display the resulting dynamics trajectory in a NGLView Jupyter notebook 3D molecular viewer. This functionality is built on by BioSimSpace, which uses sire’s molecular information engine to interconvert with programs such as GROMACS, NAMD, Amber and AmberTools, for automated molecular parameterisation and running of molecular dynamics, metadynamics and alchemical free energy workflows. Sire comes complete with a powerful molecular information search engine, plus trajectory loading and editing, analysis and energy evaluation engines. This, when combined with an in-built computer algebra system, gives substantial flexibility to researchers to load, search for, edit and combine molecular information from multiple sources, and use that to drive novel algorithms by combining functionality from other programs. Sire is open source (GPL3) and is available via conda and at a free Jupyter notebook server at https://try.openbiosim.org. Sire is supported by the not-for-profit OpenBioSim community interest company.
The Viscosity of Polyelectrolytes: Influence of counterion and solvent type
Authors: Gulati Anish , Lopez Carlos G.
Published: January 2024

We study the viscosity of polystyrene sulfonate with sodium and tetrabutylammonium counterions in aqueous and organic solvent media. We find that at low concentrations, the Fuoss law (ηsp ∼ c1/2) is approximately obeyed, but at higher concentrations an exponential dependence on the polymer volume fraction sets in. These findings are discussed in terms of Fujita’s free volume theory.
Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationship Studies of Dioxane- and Oxathiane-Based Analogs of (–)-Zampanolide
Authors: Cotter Etienne , Glauser Simon , Lelke Alina , Scapozza Plinio , Berardozzi Simone , Lucena-Agell Daniel , Hortigüela Rafael , Oliva Maria , Díaz J. Fernando , Altmann Karl-Heinz
Published: January 2024

We have prepared a series of analogs of the complex marine macrolide (–)-zampanolide, which incorporate a dioxane-, oxathiane-, or oxathiane-dioxide ring in place of the natural tetrahydropyran moiety and we have determined their microtubule-binding affinity and antiproliferative activity against human cancer cells. The synthesis of these analogs was based on a convergent strategy with a HWE-based macrocyclization and a stereoselective aza-aldol reaction as key steps. The microtubule-binding affinity and cellular potency of the dioxane- and oxathiane-based analogs with a natural (Z,E)-sorbamide-based side chain were essentially indistinguishable from those of natural (–)-zampanolide; changing the configuration of the sorbamide unit from Z,E to E,E resulted in a slight loss in activity. In contrast, the presence of an oxathiane-dioxide ring caused a steep decrease in microtubule-binding and a significant loss in growth inhibitory activity. In addition, a substantial loss in potency was observed against a multidrug-resistant, P-glycoprotein-overexpressing cell line, while no such effect was found for the dioxane- or oxathiane-based analogs. A high-resolution X-ray crystal structure of the complex between beta-tubulin and dioxane-zampanolide was obtained, which showed that this compound, like natural (–)-zampanolide, induces helical structuring of the M-loop.
STUDENT RESPONSE TO THE E-MODULE ACID BASE SOLUTION BASED ON CHEMICAL LITERACY
Authors: Naqsyahbandi Fajar , Syamsidar Syamsidar , Hani'ah Munnal
Published: January 2024

Paradigm changes in the world of education demand innovation in classroom learning, including in chemistry subjects. This study aims to see students' responses to the product development of acid-based solution e-module based on chemical literacy. The type of research used is descriptive quantitative research. The research sampling technique used random sampling with the number of research subjects as many as 36 people who were students of the 11th grade in one of public Senior High School in Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi. The data obtained were processed quantitatively with the results of the study showing that the students' response to the acid-base e-module based on chemical literacy was 98.6% of students gave a good response, so this module was good for use in learning chemistry on acid-base material. Suggestions for further research are expected to proceed to the e-module effectiveness test stage.
KNOWLEDGE AND PERCEPTION OF STUDENTS ABOUT PEAT: ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN LEARNING SCIENCE IN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Hariyadi Bambang , Subagyo Agus , Ulfa Adinda Mutiara
Published: January 2024

Natural peatlands are home to a wide variety of animals and plants and provide ecosystem services for humans and the environment. Peatlands in Jambi are still not appropriately managed, partly because of the lack of community knowledge regarding peat. This study reveals the knowledge and perceptions of junior high school students about peat, the factors that influence it, and its implementation in science learning. We conducted the study on 228 junior high school students and 21 science teachers in Tanjung Jabung Timur. Data were collected through questionnaires, observations, and focused discussions. Data were analyzed descriptively. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using Smart PLS to determine the relationship between students' background, perceptions, and interactions with their knowledge of peat. Students' knowledge of peat is in a low category. The level of student's knowledge is significantly influenced by their experiences (interactions) with peatlands and their perceptions of these resources. The student's family background does not affect students' knowledge of peat.
IMPLEMENTATION OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING INDEX CARD MATCH ON SECONDARY STUDENTS’ SCIENCE COGNITIVE LEARNING OUTCOMES
Authors: Yulivia Andini Dwi Yulivia , Sari Monica Prima
Published: January 2024

Science learning is often associated with difficult topic to understand, lecture-dominated instructions, and low participation rate in classroom learning. Similar situation is observed at a secondary school in West Sumatra province, Indonesia. The observation also revealed that students’ cognitive learning outcomes is still under the minimum passing criteria for the topic of the earth's layer. To the citizen of an area that is in high-risk of natural disaster occurrence, sound understanding on the topic is crucial. Since science lesson is designed to develop students’ thinking and problem-solving ability, such understanding is important regarding students’ survival rate. If this situation remains unaddressed, it is concerning that achieving the goals of science lesson, especially related to the topic of Earth’s layer, will be constrained. Therefore, this study offers a solution by implementing the Cooperative Learning Index Card Match (CL-ICM) to see its impact on students’ cognitive learning outcomes. This quasi-experimental research used non-equivalent control group design andh purposive sampling technique to select 67 seventh graders from two classes as experiment and control group. A set of 20 multiple-choice questions was validated and tested for reliability as research instruments to measure students’ learning outcomes. Data was then analyzed with parametric statistics technique followed by hypothesis testing using independent sample t-test. The result of data analysis gave the sig. of 0.091, which led us to decide that the null hypothesis is accepted and research hypothesis (Ha) is rejected. Therefore, it can be summarized that the implementation of CL-ICM does not give significant impact on students’ cognitive learning outcomes on the topic of the earth's layer.
The Anticipatory Capacity of Housing Design in Situation of Exception. Adalberto Libera in Tuscolano III
Authors: Martella Flavio , Amann y Alcocer Atxu , Enia Marco
Published: January 2024

Exceptional situations allow us to rethink sociocultural dynamics that were previously taken for granted. Architecture is often part of these processes, anticipating with its projects situations that would only occur decades later. This is the case of the Tuscolano III housing project (Rome, 1950), by Adalberto Libera, which introduces a concept of domesticity based on the dissolution between the public and the private. In this project, inhabiting is understood as a phenomenon that occurs on a neighborhood scale; and domesticity as something that expands beyond the walls of a house, and depends on a complex network of social, spatial and political relations. In Tuscolano III Libera proposes an inclusive model of the city, embracing lifestyles that were not widespread at the time, but are so in current times, such as living alone. Through this project, the article aims to investigate the anticipatory capacity of architectural design in periods of great change, as was the period of post-war reconstruction in Italy, and as is the contemporary era, with its continuing economic, political and health crises.
Alternative Models of Access to and Production of Housing in Spain: The Bottom-up Processes
Authors: Calo Estefanía , López-Bahut Emma
Published: January 2024

Different economic and social crises in recent decades in Spain have driven alternative models of access and housing production to the conventional ones promoted by the inhabitants. This paper conducts an exploratory study to define the historical framework in which these phenomena appear and establish a classification according to their main characteristics. Through a review of specialised literature, the fundamental concepts necessary for an initial categorisation of these processes have been selected. It has been concluded that there are two fundamental categories: one seeking a solution to emergency situations and the other seeking consolidation over time. The most representative cases have been selected to illustrate the different categories through an online search and visits to four of these projects. This analysis aims to fill a gap in the knowledge of the current Spanish housing system, related mainly to the form of tenure of main-dwelling, concerning these alternative models, which could allow the development of new measures to correct existing problems.
Hábitat informal. El equilibrio inducido por Écochard entre modelos de realojo y planteamientos de organización espacial en Casablanca
Authors: García Dorce Cristina Quiteria
Published: January 2024

La necesidad de refugio ha de satisfacerse mediante una forma arquitectónica y el orden en el paisaje que allí acontece, a través de todas las herramientas instintivas que promocionan la supervivencia. Así sucedió con los barrios de chabolas que se agruparon en la zona industrial de la ciudad de Casablanca, durante el periodo de postguerra. Un periodo de transición que comprende desde 1945 a 1956, entre el final del colonialismo y los comienzos de la descolonización, donde proliferaron las aglomeraciones informales denominadas ‘bidonvilles’. En su intento por vertebrar la ciudad ante estas masivas espontáneas, nuevos estudios se abrieron paso, anticipando ideas y proyectos sobre los comportamientos y formas de habitar el propio lugar. Todo un laboratorio de experimentación que recogió formas de vida pasa­das y futuras, con la voluntad de definir un modelo habitacional capaz de establecer el equilibrio más oportuno para el realojo en esta ciudad anticipada, que sólo el tiempo en su saber dará a entender.
Sheffield brutalista. Tres historias de vivienda colectiva en Reino Unido
Authors: Feliz Ricoy Sálvora
Published: January 2024

A raíz del desarrollo teórico del concepto de Street in the Sky de Alison y Peter Smithson, se analizan tres casos de vivienda colectiva brutalista localizados en la ciudad de Sheffield (Reino Unido) y desarrollados entre 1953-1965: Park Hill Building, Hyde Park Estate y Kelvin flats. Estos conjuntos residenciales de alta densidad y con varios miles de habitantes pretendían reinterpretar la domesticidad urbana y fomentar las relaciones sociales en torno a las calles elevadas de estos nuevos barrios apilados. Después de unas primeras décadas de prosperidad, estos ejemplos derivarían en situaciones controvertidas de inseguridad vecinal, colapsarían, se demolerían o serían renovados programática y estéticamente. Estas tres estrategias muestran la evolución de tres comunidades y la actualización hacia nuevas necesidades sociales. En la actualidad, únicamente Park Hill Building sigue en pie, en un proceso de rehabilitación en el que la gentrificación intenta combatir la obsolescencia del entusiasmo y la imparable caducidad que han demostrado estos soportes tipológicos.
From Crisis to Creativity: The Future of Housing in Perspective
Authors: Van Andel Frédérique , Mota Nelson
Published: January 2024

This article delves into the ongoing debate on the interconnections between housing design and habitat, highlighting how moments of crises drive innovation, often showcased in housing exhibitions. The article proposes three key design approaches for participatory housing design: Incrementality (accommodating growth and change), Typology Mix (accommodating diverse patterns of inhabitation), and Clustering (creating meaningful communities). These design approaches acknowledge housing as a dynamic process and emphasize the importance of giving priority to human agency and inclusiveness, overturning the commodification of human habitats. The article highlights the significance of transdisciplinary collaboration in housing design decision-making, acknowledging the importance of an array of factors that are vital to promote resilient and inclusive urban communities. The article concludes by advocating for architectural education and research to focus on temporality as a crucial dimension in housing design, essential for tackling evolving challenges and shaping sustainable urban futures.
Atmospheres of Dwelling. Phenomenologies of “Being-at-Home”
Authors: De Matteis Federico
Published: January 2024

First introduced by Martin Heidegger in his later philosophical work, over the decades the concept of dwelling has acquired a fundamental importance in architectural theory. Its “classic” status, however, along with its centrality in post-modern architecture, has largely prevented the unfolding of an open discussion on the present-day validity of this notion. Similarly, the work of another cult author such as Gaston Bachelard, whose book The Poetics of Space is equally revered as a classic, appears to be uncritically espoused outside of a proper contextualization. While dwelling does represent a fundamental driver of human presence in the world, these two primary accounts and their implications in design should be discussed against other complementary or antagonistic models, such as those proposed by Deleuze and Guattari, Sloterdijk and Schmitz. Each of these authors defines his position vis-à-vis Heidegger’s original proposal, while opening to different repercussions on the practices of design.
A Critical Perspective on the Current State of Collective Housing. A Conversation with Carmen Espegel
Authors: Cervero Sánchez Noelia , Salvo Simona
Published: January 2024

Carmen Espegel is Professor of Architectural Projects at the Higher Technical School of Architecture of the Polytechnic University of Madrid (ETSAM). Her career has encompassed three closely interrelated fields of activity: teaching, research and the profession of an architect. With her published works and her design projects she has bridged the gap between critique and practice of architecture, specifically, contemporary collective housing. Her profound knowledge drives apart from the purely theoretical and offers the viewpoint of a seasoned architect. She leads the Master of Advanced Architecture in Madrid and the Master in Collective Housing, which is jointly run by the Polytechnic University of Madrid and the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich. She has collaborated with numerous universities in Europe, South America, the United States and Canada—this interview took place in Quebec, where Carmen is Visiting Professor at the city’s Laval University. Her research activity, focused on three fundamental branches—collective housing, critical theory and women and architecture—has driven her to lead the Collective Housing Research Group (GIVCO) and capture her critical thinking, with an important contribution in the area of residential design. In her role as a professional architect, her extensive and wide-ranging activity in tenders and works, which have received international recognition and awards, complements her incursions on the present-day manifestations of habitat, contributing to its development. Our conversation is organised in several themes that serve to connect personal reflections and aspects on the contemporary alternatives inherent in collective housing.
RAFAEL MONEO - Escritos sobre arquitectos españoles (1961- 2021)
Authors: Monteys Xavier
Published: January 2024

Rafael MoneoEscritos sobre arquitectos españoles (1961-2021)Madrid: Ministerio de Fomento, 2022. 544 pp. Tapa blanda. Idioma: español. 20,00 €ISBN. 978-84-498-1082-4
CHRISTINA E. CRAWFORD - Spatial Revolution. Architecture and Planning in the Early Soviet Union
Authors: Garrido Ginés
Published: January 2024

Christina E. CrawfordSpatial Revolution. Architecture and Planning in the Early Soviet UnionIthaca, Nueva York: Cornell University Press, 2022. 385 pp. Tapa dura. Idioma: inglés. 35,00 US$ISBN. 978-1-5017-5919-2
LAURENT COUDROY DE LILLE, MILENA CRESPO, BENOÎT POUVREAU - Des cités-jardins pour le XXIe siècle. Valorisation, préservation, perspectives
Authors: Pérez-Eguíluz Víctor
Published: January 2024

Laurent Coudroy de Lille, Milena Crespo, Benoît PouvreauDes Cités-Jardins pour le XXIe siècle. Valorisation, préservation, perspectivesParis: Parenthèses, 2022. 416 pp. Tapa blanda. Idioma: francés. 34,00 €ISBN: 978-2-86364-387-7
Violência simbólica
Authors: Cavalcante Evelyn Correia de Oliveira , Silva Luciano Bairros da , Ferreira Sonia Maria Soares , Íñiguez-Rueda Lupicinio
Published: January 2024

Objetivou-se compreender como as práticas de violência simbólica nomeadas de bullying, de conteúdo sexista e homofóbico, são reproduzidas no contexto educacional, a partir da visão de servidores do Instituto Federal de Alagoas. As informações foram produzidas com uso de Grupo Focal, participação de nove servidores/as efetivos/as e realizada Análise Temática Reflexiva. Identificou-se os eixos temáticos: objetificação e sexualização das mulheres; e identidade sexual e as estratégias de normatização. Considerou-se que o bullying, operado como violência simbólica, apresenta um caráter de sociabilidade concebida, que propaga, vigia e regula o poder simbólico dominante dos ideais de masculinidade e feminilidade.
Políticas de formação (im)postas no Brasil
Authors: Pucci Renata Helena Pin , Antunes-Souza Thaigo , Ferreira Luciana Haddad
Published: January 2024

Este estudo analisou narrativas docentes sobre as políticas de formação continuada recentemente implementadas no Brasil, como a BNC-Formação Continuada. Tais registros foram produzidos no contexto de um grupo de estudos, tendo como participantes professoras de Educação Básica que cursavam pós-graduação em Educação. As narrativas foram analisadas a partir da abordagem enunciativo-discursiva da linguagem. Concluiu-se que o estudo acerca das políticas de formação possibilita a compreensão de suas intencionalidades para além da literalidade do texto, configurando-se a escrita de narrativas como importante dispositivo de formação e diálogo entre universidade e escola.
Regional aproach to education in soil science for Santa Catarina
Authors: Matos Henrique Schayanne , Sequinatto-Rossi Letícia , Pereira Gustavo Eduardo
Published: January 2024

The aim of this study was to examine the teaching of Soil Science in the Base Curriculum of the Territory of Santa Catarina and to evaluate the importance of regionalized education in the curricular components of Science and Geography. For this, we used Descending Hierarchical Classification with Iramuteq 0.7 alpha 2_2020 statistical software. Both Science and Geography address issues related to the soil, and regionalized teaching has the potential to stimulate students' interest in the local environment. It is fundamental to include a regional approach in the study of Soil Science, to make teaching more meaningful and contextualized. Soil education is a powerful interdisciplinary tool that can help develop environmental awareness.
COMPUTATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF HOLE FILLING MORPHOLOGICAL ALGORITHMS FOR BINARY IMAGES
Authors: Urcid Gonzalo , Nieves-Vázquez José-Angel , Morales-Salgado Rocío
Published: January 2024

The presence of holes, cracks or scratches in one or more object regions in a binary image usually results from quantizing or thresholding a gray scale image. However, for further processing or quantitative binary image analysis, those artifacts must be removed by filling the corresponding object regions. In this paper, a computational performance analysis is realized for the class of hole filling algorithms based on mathematical morphology. Two fundamental techniques, supervised and unsupervised, are described in detail based on marker images that may be composed of pixel subsets chosen within an object region artifact, formed by external near by points to object regions, or from selected background pixel subsets. A mathematical description spanning the different variants is given on how this kind of algorithms converge to the desired result. In addition, illustrative examples using representative binary images are provided to test and compare the computational performance in terms of the number of iterations corresponding to each morphological hole filling algorithm for binary images.
EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF UNIVERSAL DESIGN PRINCIPLES IN ARCHITECTURE DESIGN STUDIO
Authors: Mansoori Mohammad Noman , Gulnaz  , Khan Mohammad Amir
Published: January 2024

Universal design, also known as inclusive design, accessible design, and barrier-free design, is a worldwide concept aimed at making everyone feel comfortable in their surroundings. Making advantage of this notion would aid in the removal of current social and environmental barriers that some individuals face, such as disabled people, women, children, the elderly, and the sick. The study highlights accessible layout, visible information or guidance, suitable size and space to accommodate all users within a safe and hazard-free setting as major characteristics of an inclusive built environment. This research talks about to implement Universal design principles (UDPs) in architecture education. This research aims to develop the design studio framework for B.Arch. 3rd year to include the universal design principles. A comparative analysis study has been carried out with the undergraduate students of a third-year design studio in Jamia Millia Islamia between the pre and post-design exercise about universal design principles to analyze the difference if universal design principles are implemented in the course curriculum.
MEDIA’S CONTRIBUTION TO SOCIETY’S RESISTANCE AND EMPOWERMENT: A STUDY OF THE GOD OF SMALL THINGS
Authors: Vaid Roshee
Published: January 2024

This paper explores the subjects of resistance and empowerment in Arundhati Roy's novel, The God of Small Things. The study examines how characters in the book challenge oppressive systems, defy societal norms, and navigate power structures. It analyzes instances where characters find strength and agency, breaking free from the constraints imposed by society. It also emphasizes the interconnectedness of the book and the role of media. It illustrates how media contributes to characters' empowerment and how empowerment fuels further resistance. The study highlights the complex relationship between these themes, demonstrating their individual and collective dimensions. Overall, the paper provides a comprehensive overview of the study's focus on resistance and empowerment in the selected novel shedding light on characters' efforts to navigate and transcend societal boundaries while seeking personal agency and empowerment.
Research on The Machinability of Aluminium (Al1070) Matrix Silicium Carbide (SiC) and Boron Carbide (B4C) Hybrid Reinforced Composite Materials
Authors: KARTAL Yunus , ER Ali Osman
Published: January 2024

In this study, the machinability of hybrid metal matrix composite (MMC) materials were investigated. Experiments were carried out on a CNC lathe using aluminium 1070 matrix SiC and B4C reinforced MMC materials without cooling fluid. The effect of cutting parameters and MMC reinforcement ratios on working has been examined. It has been tried to determine the optimum reinforcement ratio and cutting parameters in the machining process of hybrid reinforced MMC materials. As a result of this study, it was tried to contribute to the industrial area by determining the most suitable cutting parameters for Al1070 matrix SiC and B4C hybrid reinforced MMC materials.
Porter’ın Beş Güç Modeli’ne Göre Jenerik Rekabet Stratejisi Seçimi: AHP, WASPAS ve EDAS Yöntemleri ile Bir Uygulama
Authors: AYDIN Şeyma Nur , ÖZBEK Aşır
Published: January 2024

Günümüzün karmaşık ve dinamik piyasa koşullarında, firmaların rekabet avantajını elde etmesi için faaliyet gösterdikleri endüstriyi tanımaları ve stratejilerini buna göre belirlemeleri gerekir. Michael Porter’ın Beş Güç Modeli, herhangi bir endüstrinin yapısını anlamak ve rekabet kaynaklarını tespit etmek için bugün pek çok firmanın tercih ettiği bir analizdir. Ancak başarıya ulaşmak ve bunun sürdürülebilirliğini sağlamak için sadece rekabet ortamını analiz etmek yeterli değildir. Aynı zamanda endüstride yer alan güçler karşısında doğru stratejiye karar verilmesi de gereklidir. Bu çalışmada, iş ve inşaat makineleri sektöründe faaliyet gösteren bir firma için, çok kriterli karar verme yöntemleri ile en uygun jenerik stratejisi belirlenmiştir. Rekabet ortamının tanımlanması için Porter’ın Beş Güç Modeli’nden yararlanılmış ve kriterlerin sınıflandırılması bu modele göre yapılmıştır. Kriterlerin ağırlıklandırılması için AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) yöntemi, stratejilerin değerlendirilmesi için ise WASPAS (Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment) ve EDAS (Evaluation based on Distance from Average Solution) yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Her iki yöntemin de sonuçlarına göre, firma için en uygun stratejinin odaklanma stratejisi olduğu görülmüştür.
Effect of Process Parameters on the Metallurgical Properties of a Boron-Added Cast Austenitic Steel Designed for Special Purposes
Authors: AYDIN Ersel , ŞEŞEN Fikri Erdem , ARISOY Cevat Fahir , COŞKUN Selim
Published: January 2024

A new kind of boron-added cast austenitic steel which also contained chromium, molybdenum and manganese was manufactured via vacuum induction melting followed by casting procedure. Solution annealing heat treatment was performed at three different temperatures for three different times to dissolve eutectic M2C carbides in austenitic matrix. All of the samples were rapid-cooled in oil medium after the solution annealing heat treatment. Aging treatments were carried out after solution annealing heat treatment performed at 1250 °C for 24 hours. Hardness value was decreased after solution annealing performed at 1250 °C for 24 hours. Transformation of M2C carbide with a hexagonal lattice into Fe-rich M6C carbide with a face-centered cubic lattice and formation of precipitates occurred as a result of aging performed at 700 and 800 °C. Sub-micron sized Cr23C6 carbides and Mo2BC precipitates were formed and hardness value was increased after aging performed at 700 °C. Nano-sized Cr23C6 carbides, Mo2B borides and Cr7BC4 precipitates were formed and hardness value was higher after aging performed at 800 °C. An optical light microscope was utilized to characterize solution annealing treatments and to perform grain size measurements. A scanning electron microscope was used to identify carbide types and carbide transformation during aging.
Konya’daki Halk Kütüphanelerinin Etkinliklerinin Veri Zarflama Analizi ile Karşılaştırılması
Authors: DUYGU Utku , TOKLU Bilal
Published: January 2024

Veri zarflama analizi (VZA), veriler hakkında hiçbir varsayımda bulunmayan ve benzer özelliklere sahip karar verme birimlerinin (KVB) göreli etkinliklerini karşılaştıran bir uygulamadır. Bu çalışma, Konya'daki 24 halk kütüphanesinin etkinliğini VZA adı verilen bir yöntem kullanarak karşılaştırmıştır. VZA, halk kütüphanelerinin etkinliğini ölçmek için şu girdileri kullanmıştır: kitap sayısı, giren kitap sayısı ve personel sayısı. Ölçülen çıktılar ise okuyucu sayısı, ödünç verilen materyal sayısı ve kütüphane üye sayısıdır. Makalede matematiksel model olarak CCR modelinden yararlanılmıştır. Model MaxDEA yazılımı kullanılarak çözülmüştür. VZA tekniği dört halk kütüphanesinin etkili olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bu, bu kütüphanelerin çıktılarını üretmek için girdilerini mümkün olan en verimli şekilde kullandıkları anlamına gelmektedir. Diğer 20 halk kütüphanesi ise etkin değildir, yani girdilerini daha verimli kullanarak etkinliklerini artırabilirler. Konya'daki halk kütüphaneleri arasında verimlilik açısından önemli farklılıklar olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu durum, kütüphane personelinin niteliği, kaynakların mevcudiyeti ve kütüphane hizmetlerine olan talep düzeyi gibi faktörlere bağlı olabilir. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, kütüphanelerin verimliliklerini artırmak ve kullanıcılarına daha iyi hizmet sunmak için kullanılabilir. Verimli kütüphaneler, verimsiz kütüphaneler için bir model oluşturabilir. Verimsiz kütüphaneler, verimliliklerini artırabilecekleri alanları belirleyebilir ve gerekli değişiklikleri uygulayabilirler.
Ağırlıklandırılmış Evrişimsel Sinir Ağları Topluluğu ile Göğüs Radyografilerinden Kardiyomegali Tespiti
Authors: AYAN Enes
Published: January 2024

Kardiyomegali bir hastalık olmamasına karşın birçok kalp rahatsızlığının belirtisi olarak ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Bu belirtinin erken teşhis edilip altında yatan sebeplerin araştırılması hasta için hayati bir önem arz etmektedir. Kardiyomegali teşhisi için en sık kullanılan yöntemlerden biri göğüs radyografisidir. Derin öğrenme yöntemleri ile radyografik görüntülerin analizi son yıllarda oldukça popüler bir çalışma alanıdır. Özellikle evrişimsel sinir ağları medikal görüntü analizinde başarılı sonuçlar elde etmiştir. Bu çalışmada hekimlerin göğüs radyografilerini analiz ederken ikinci bir görüş alabilecekleri, göğüs radyografilerini normal ve kardiyomegali olmak üzere sınıflandıracak ağırlıklandırılmış evrişimsel sinir ağı (ESA) topluluğu önerilmiştir. Bu bağlamda kardiyomegali tespit etmesi için eğitilen on ESA modeli arasından en başarılı üç model ağırlıklandırılmış topluluk yöntemi için seçilmiştir. Seçilen modellerin ağırlıkları parçacık sürü optimizasyon algoritması kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen ağırlıklar kullanılarak yapılan testler sonucunda önerilen yöntem %89,09 doğruluk %89,09 duyarlılık, %89,30 kesinlik ve %89,08 F1 skor değerleri elde etmiştir.
Kalkopirit İnce Film Güneş Hücrelerinde Yeni Çalışmalar: Gümüş Alaşımlama
Authors: AĞCA Semih
Published: January 2024

Bu çalışmada, kalkopirit güneş hücreleri ile ilgili genel bilgiler verildikten sonra farklı üretim yöntemleri, güneş hücresi tabakalarına uygulanan geliştirme yöntemleri ve dünya genelinde yapılan araştırmaların durumu incelenmiştir. Kalkopirit güneş hücrelerinin %26 verim ile farklı tipteki güneş hücreleri ile yarışabilir pozisyonda olduğu gösterilmiştir. Geleneksel kalkopirit yapının son yıllarda yerini gümüş alaşımlanmış kalkopirit yapıya bıraktığı tespit edilmiştir. Gümüş alaşımlama araştırmaları gümüş alaşımlanmış kalkopirit yapının geleneksel kalkopirit yapıya kıyasla aynı üretim sıcaklıklarında daha iyi tane büyümesi sergilediğini göstermiştir. Bu durum da kristal kalitesinin artmasını sağlamıştır. Ayrıca, gümüş alaşımlama ile yasak bant aralığının genişletilebilmesi çok katlı tandem güneş hücresi çalışmalarına katkıda bulunmuştur. Geniş yasak bant aralığı çalışmalarına yapmış olduğu en büyük katkı kalkopirit yapıdaki galyumun dağılımının kontrol edilebilmesini sağlamasıdır. Bununla birlikte, gümüş alaşımlama rekombinasyonu azaltıp açık devre voltajını artırdığı için daha iyi verim sonuçları alınmıştır. Bu teknoloji ile şeffaf ve esnek güneş hücresi tasarlanabiliyor olması da çok önemlidir. Kalkopirit güneş hücreleri ile ilgili çalışmaların geleceğinin gümüş alaşımlama ile şekilleneceği öngörülmektedir. Hem esnek hem de şeffaf güneş hücrelerinin giyilebilir güneş hücresi, bina uygulamaları ve tarım arazilerinde kullanılabilen agrivoltaik gibi alanlarda kullanılabileceği gerçeği konunun önemini artırmaktadır.
Ca2+ İyonları ile Çapraz Bağlı Sodyum Aljinat/-Karagenan Kürelerden Nifedipinin Kontrollü Salımı
Authors: GEYİK Gülcan
Published: January 2024

Bu çalışmada, ağrı kesici olarak kullanılan Nifedipin ilacını kapsüllemek üzere sodyum aljinat/kappa-karagenan (NaAlg/-KRG) küreleri oluşturuldu. Küreler Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spektroskopisi ile karakterize edildi ve çapları optik mikroskop kullanılarak ölçüldü. Elde edilen kürelerin pH 7,4 ve 1,2 tamponlarında şişme yüzdeleri ve ilaç salım profilleri incelendi. Kürelerin şişme yüzdeleri pH 1,2 bağırsak ortamında az iken, pH 7,4 mide ortamında daha fazla gerçekleşti. Ayrıca ilaç yüklü kürelerin; küre verimi, tutuklanma verimi ve ilaç yükleme yüzdeleri hesaplandı. İlaç salımı üzerine; NaAlg/-KRG (v/v) blend oranının, NF miktarının ve pH’nın etkisi incelendi. Nifedipinin kürelerden salımı pH 1,2 mide ortamında çok az iken pH 7,4 bağırsak ortamında kontrollü bir şekilde gerçekleşti. NaAlg/-KRG blendi içerisindeki -KRG miktarının ve pH’nın artması Nifedipin (NF) salımını artırdı, ilaç miktarının artması ise NF salımını azalttı. Salım kinetikleri pH 1,2 ortamında Fick Tipi, pH 7,4 ortamında Fick yasasına uymayan olarak gerçekleşti.
Etriyesiz FRP Boyuna Donatılı Betonarme Kirişlerin (a/d>2.5) Kesme Davranışları
Authors: KARTAL Saruhan
Published: January 2024

Yüksek korozyon dayanımına sahip olan FRP donatıların (enine ve boyuna donatı) kullanımı gün geçtikçe yaygınlaşmaktadır. Ancak çelik donatılara kıyasla düşük elastisite modülü değerine sahip olan FRP donatılar betonarme kirişlerin çatlama dayanımını azaltmaktadır. Bu çalışmada temel amaç a/d>2.5 olan ve kesme donatısı bulunmayan FRP boyuna donatılı kirişlerin kesme davranışlarını ve dayanımlarını incelemektir. Bu kapsamda literatürde bulunan 149 deney verisi kullanılarak bir veri tabanı oluşturulmuştur. Literatürde sıklıkla kullanılan yönetmelikler ve modeller ile kesme dayanımları tahmin edilmiştir. Kesme dayanımını etkileyen değişkenler araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca, kesme donatısı bulunmayan FRP donatılı betonarme kirişlerin kesme tasarımı için yeni bir model önerilmiştir. Mevcut yönetmelik ve modellere göre önerilen model ile, deneysel sonuçlara daha yakın tahminler elde edilmiştir.
Behavior of reinforced concrete beams under different angled cold joints at shear zone
Authors: AKIN Süleyman Kamil , GÜZ Hediye
Published: January 2024

Concrete casting of interconnected structural elements such as columns and beams should be made in one piece during the construction stage of reinforced concrete structures. However, cold joints occur when concrete casting is incomplete due to variety reasons. Cold joint is a manufacturing defect that causes adherence weakness at the concrete interface as a result of casting concrete at different times. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of different angled cold joints in the shear zone on the behaviour and load carrying capacity of 4 point loaded beams under bending. For this aim, seven 1/2 scaled RC beam specimens having dimensions 150x300x3000 mm with different cold joint angles and with and without additional reinforcement at cold joints were tested. Load-Displacement curves, Yield Load, Maximum Load, Maximum Displacement, Ductility, Stiffness and Energy Dissipation Capacities of the specimens were compared.
Elektrik Ark Fırınındaki Çelik Üretiminin Termodinamik Açıdan Analizi
Authors: ÇAMDALI Ünal , TUNÇ Kerim
Published: January 2024

Demir-Çelik sektörünün Dünyadaki toplam enerji üretiminin, yaklaşık olarak %12'sini kullanması, sektörde enerji tasarrufu yöntemlerinin ne anlama geldiğini çok iyi ortaya koymaktadır. Bu noktada enerji tasarruflarında oldukça yaygın olarak kullanılan termodinamiğin birinci yasasına göre tanımlanmış enerji verimi ile birlikte, süreç boyunca enerji kalitesindeki farklılaşmaya bağlı olarak daha niteliksel sonuçlar veren, termodinamiğin ikinci yasası uygulamaları, oldukça fazla önem ifade etmektedir.

Bu çalışmada alaşımlı çelik üretimi yapan bir firmada kullanılan, elektrik ark fırınında(EAF), bir cins çelik üretim için termodinamik analiz gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu bağlamda, termodinamiğin birinci yasasına göre sistemde enerji analizi ile termodinamiğin ikinci yasasına göre tespit edilen iş potansiyellerinin hesabı ve tersinir iş elde edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonunda da her iki analizden yararlanarak da hurda ön ısıtma sistemi, baca gazları, fırından çıkan tozlar ve soğutma suyu ile ilgili sonuçlara yer verilmiştir
JUDİTH BUTLER’A GÖRE KADININ ÖZNELİĞİ PROBLEMİ
Authors: ÖZ Ruveyda , AKSEL Hesna Serra
Published: January 2024

Bireylerin hayatları, doğdukları andan itibaren içerisinde bulundukları kültürün kabullerine göre şekillenir. Birey, öncesinde cinsiyet rol dağılımlarının yapıldığı bir ortama doğar ve hayata dair anlamlandırmalarını bu düzlemde gerçekleştirir. İnsanın hayatını şekillendiren bu kültürel kodlar, ataerkil yapıları dolayısıyla kadınların sosyal, siyasal vb. birçok yaşam alanından soyutlanmasına sebebiyet vermiştir. Bu durum uzun dönemler toplumun normali olarak karşılansa da modern dönemin getirdiği değişim ve gelişimlerle beraber sorgulanması gereken bir hal almıştır. Kadınlar bu sayede toplumsal hayatta kadın erkek arasındaki eşitsizliklerin bilincine varmış ve konumlarının iyileştirilmesine yönelik taleplerde bulunmuşlardır. Kadınların meşru hakları için verdikleri mücadele, feminizm hareketini başlatmıştır.

Bu çalışmada, Judith Butler’ın düşüncesi çerçevesinde cinsiyet ve toplumsal cinsiyet meselesi, cinsiyet eşitsizliğinin temelinde yatan normlar ve bu normların üretim biçimleri ele alınmıştır. Diğer bölümlerde Butler’ın, sadece ortak özelliklere sahip bir kadın özne grubunun savunusunu yapan klasik feminist harekete dair getirdiği eleştirilere değinilmiş ve kadın özneyi niteleyen “ortak kimlik” algısı sorunsallaştırılarak, sınırlılıkları noktasında irdelenmiştir. Son olarak herkesin eşit olduğu, dışlayıcı unsurların olmadığı bir gelecek için, Butler’ın yapıcı önerilerine yer verilmiştir.
Twice Applications of Laying Hens Manure Produced the Highest Yield of Organic Okra Pods (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench.)
Authors: Fhonna Tasya Nurizki , Melati Maya , Aziz Sandra Arifin
Published: January 2024

The optimal okra cultivation using organic fertilizers remains a subject of limited information. This study aimed to assess the impact of applying 18 t.ha-1 of laying hens' organic fertilizer on the morphological and physiological traits of the "Naila IPB" green okra variety. The study was conducted between September and December 2022 at the IPB organic experimental field at Cikarawang, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. A randomized complete block design with a single factor namely frequency of organic fertilizer application, was employed. The factor consisted of four levels: no organic fertilization, 1-, 2-, and 3-times applications. The results demonstrated that a single application of organic fertilizer led to an increase in plant height at 5, 7, and 9 weeks after planting (WAP), leaf number at 5 WAP, root dry weight at 4 WAP, stem dry weight at 10 WAP, and an acceleration in the onset of flowering. This resulted in a flowering period lasting 29.6 days, with a total flowering duration of 69.33 days. In contrast, a two-times application of organic fertilizer resulted in elevated plant height at 11 WAP, an increased leaf number at 11 WAP, heightened leaf potassium content, a greater number of pods per plant, and a higher yield of young pod okra. These findings contribute to our understanding of the effects of organic fertilizer application frequency on the growth and yield of young pod okra, aiding in the formulation of improved cultivation strategies.