bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teaching Elementary Schoolchildren to Work with Scientific Style Texts
Authors: Шило Т. , Shilo T.
Published: August 2019

The article addresses an urgent problem regarding the work on scientific style texts in a modern elementary school. Regarding the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of Primary General Education for the subject results of mastering the basic educational program in literary reading, the need for teaching younger schoolchildren how to interpret and analyze not only literary text, but also popular scientific and academic texts is noted. The author presents the characteristic features and differences of these two areas of scientific style texts. On specific examples, methods and techniques of working with popular scientific and educational texts are disclosed.
Leveraging the Outpatient Pharmacy to Reduce Medication Waste in Pediatric Asthma Hospitalizations
Authors: Hoefgen Erik R , Jones Yemisi , Courter Joshua , Hare Andrew , Garcia José A Torres , Simmons Jeffrey
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE

Previous local quality improvement focused on discharging patients with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) “in‐hand” decreased healthcare reutilization after hospitalization for an asthma exacerbation. However, as a result of these new processes, some patients admitted for an asthma exacerbation received more than one ICS inhaler during their admission, contributing to medication waste and potential patient confusion regarding their discharge medication regimen. We sought to decrease this waste.

METHODS

We conducted a quality improvement project to reduce the prescribing of multiple ICS inhalers to patients at a large academic children's hospital. Our primary outcome measure was the monthly percentage of patients admitted with an asthma exacerbation who were administered more than one ICS inhaler. A secondary outcome measure evaluated the reliability of the new process of using the hospital‐based outpatient pharmacy to supply ICS “in‐hand” and verify insurance coverage. After the process map review, we hypothesized a delay in the initial ICS treatment decision would allow for both a finalized discharge medication plan and a standardized process to verify outpatient insurance coverage.

RESULTS

The mean percentage of patients receiving more than one ICS inhaler decreased from our baseline of 7.4% to 0.7%. Verification of outpatient prescription insurance coverage via the outpatient pharmacy increased from 0.7% to 50%. The average inpatient cost (average wholesale price) for ICS decreased by 62% to $90.25.

CONCLUSIONS

Our process change to use the outpatient pharmacy to dispense and verify insurance coverage for ICS medication was associated with a reduction in medication waste during admission for an asthma exacerbation.
Barriers to Providing VTE Chemoprophylaxis to Hospitalized Patients: A Nursing‐Focused Qualitative Evaluation
Authors: Kreutzer Lindsey , Yang Anthony D , Sansone Christina , Minami Christina , Saadat Lily , Bilimoria Karl Y , Johnson Julie K
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a serious medical condition that results in preventable morbidity and mortality.

OBJECTIVES

The objective of this study was to identify nursing‐related barriers to administration of VTE chemoprophylaxis to hospitalized patients.

DESIGN

This was a qualitative study including nurses from five inpatient units at one hospital.

METHODS

Observations were conducted on five units to gain insight into the process for administering chemoprophylaxis. Focus group interviews were conducted with nurses and were audio‐recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using the Theoretical Domains Framework to identify barriers to providing VTE chemoprophylaxis.

RESULTS

We conducted 14 focus group interviews with nurses from five inpatient units to assess nurses' perceptions of barriers to administration of VTE chemoprophylaxis. The barriers identified included nurses' misconceptions that ambulating patients did not require chemoprophylaxis, nurses' uncertainty when counseling patients on the importance of chemoprophylaxis, and a lack of comparative data for nurses regarding their specific refusal rates.

CONCLUSIONS

Multiple factors act as barriers to patients receiving VTE chemoprophylaxis. These barriers are often modifiable targets for quality improvement. There is a need to focus on behavior changes that will remove or minimize barriers and equip nurses to ensure administration of VTE chemoprophylaxis by engaging patients in their care.
Book Reviews
Authors: Shen Wenjing
Published: August 2019

In Book Reviews, we review an extensive and diverse range of books. They cover theory and applications in operations research, statistics, management science, econometrics, mathematics, computers, and information systems. In addition, we include books in other fields that emphasize technical applications. The editor will be pleased to receive an email from those willing to review a book, with an indication of specific areas of interest. If you are aware of a specific book that you would like to review, or that you think should be reviewed, please contact the editor. The following books are reviewed in this issue of the INFORMS Journal on Applied Analytics, 49(4), July–August: Optimal Control Theory: Applications to Management Science and Economics, Suresh P. Sethi; How Change Happens, Cass R. Sunstein.
Designing Price Incentives in a Network with Social Interactions
Authors: Cohen Maxime C. , Harsha Pavithra
Published: August 2019

Problem definition: The recent ubiquity of social networks allows firms to collect vast amount of data on their customers and on their social interactions. We consider a setting in which a monopolist sells an indivisible good to consumers who are embedded in a social network. Academic/practical relevance: This is an important problem as sellers can use available data to design and send targeted promotions that account for social externality effects and ultimately increase their profits. Methodology: We capture the interactions among consumers using a broad class of nonlinear utility models. This class extends the existing models by explicitly capturing externalities from subsets of agents (communities or groups) and includes several existing models as special cases (e.g., full information version of the triggering model). Assuming complete information about the interactions, we model the optimal pricing problem as a two-stage game. First, the firm designs prices to maximize profits and then consumers choose whether to purchase the item. Results: Under positive network externalities, we show the existence of a pure Nash equilibrium that is preferred by both the seller and the buyers. Using duality theory and integer-programming techniques, we reformulate the problem into a linear mixed-integer program (MIP). We derive efficient ways to optimally solve the MIP using its linear-programming relaxation for two pricing strategies: discriminative and uniform. Finally, we propose two intuitive heuristic algorithms to solve the problem for which we derive worst-case parametric performance bounds. Managerial implications: We draw interesting insights on the structure of the optimal prices and the seller’s profit. In particular, we quantify the effect on prices when using a nonlinear utility model relative to a linear model and identify settings with which it is beneficial to offer a price below cost to influential agents. Finally, we extend our model and results to the case in which the seller offers incentives (in addition to prices) to solicit actions so as to ensure network externality effects.
A Branch-and-Price Algorithm for the Integrated Berth Allocation and Quay Crane Assignment Problem
Authors: Xie Fanrui , Wu Tao , Zhang Canrong
Published: August 2019

This paper integrates, from a tactical perspective, berth allocation and quay-crane assignment, two important, closely related decisions in container terminal operations in a single model. To obtain optimal solutions, a branch-and-price algorithm is sought in this paper under the framework of Dantzig–Wolfe decomposition. The algorithm decomposes the original problem to a master problem that links all vessels competing for the shared resources of berths and quay cranes and multiple per-vessel pricing subproblems that can be solved efficiently in polynomial time. Specifically, in the stage of generating promising initial feasible columns, three heuristics are adopted; during the column-updating stage, the subgradient-based Lagrangian relaxation is introduced to tackle the possibly encountered degeneracy phenomenon; the branching strategy is implemented in the pricing subproblem rather than in the master problem as reported in the literature with the benefit of avoiding incurring new dual prices, simplifying the branching process; and both breadth- and depth-first searching policies are tested to select the next node to explore. With real-life data, extensive numerical experiments are conducted to select the best choice for each stage with the strengths and drawbacks of each choice provided. And then the superiority of the branch-and-price algorithm configured with the selected combination of strategies is verified by comparing it with both CPLEX, a general-purpose solver, and a set-partitioning model, a dedicated algorithm reported in the literature. In addition, the decomposition by vessels adopted in this paper is also verified numerically by comparing it with the decomposition by berths reported in the literature, and the performance of the algorithm for other problem settings has also been tested. In conclusion, the numerical experiments show that our method outperforms the commercial solver and state-of-the-art solution methods reported in the literature in terms of both solution quality and computational time.
The distinction between apathy and depression in neuroscience nursing practice
Authors: Di Santo Luca
Published: August 2019

Apathy and depression are common neuropsychiatric disorders that can manifest themselves as comorbidities in patients affected by neurological diseases. Misdiagnosis may lead to unwanted clinical side effects, inappropriate rehabilitation, and may compromise the patient clinical outcome. The purpose of this article is to review features of apathy and depression, highlighting similarities and analysing discriminating factors between them. It also aims to raise nurses' awareness in relation to the management of apathy, highlighting a validated and consistent tool to be used during nursing assessment. A literature search was conducted in the MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library databases dating from 2014 to 2019. Publications were screened according to predetermined inclusion/exclusion criteria and reviewed. The relationship between apathy and depression is complex. Nurses could differentiate between them through education and a structured assessment, shaping the therapeutic/rehabilitative approach and ultimately making a difference in terms of patient wellbeing.
RESEARCH ROUNDUP
Authors: Costello John
Published: August 2019

John Costello provides a synopsis and brief review of a selection of recently published research articles of interest to neuroscience nurses, highlighting the key points to keep you up to date. A full reference is provided for those who wish to read the research in more detail.
The Effects of a Teaching Program Mixing Basic Skills Training and Comprehension Instruction with 7-8 Year-Old International School Students
Authors: Gabor Georgina
Published: August 2019

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of two different teaching programs, one skill based, one mixed skill and content based with 7-8 year-old international school students (N=36). Group 1 (N=12) received a basic skills training in 2x40 mins sessions, Group 2 (N=12) received 1x40 mins basic skills training and 1x40 mins text comprehension instruction for a duration of twelve weeks. Group 3 (N=12) did not receive any additional training to their mainstream curriculum. The findings suggest that direct instruction of decoding appears to be effective, moreover appears to have indirect effect on sentence comprehension. Spelling results are somewhat ambiguous. Significant progress in text comprehension remained specific to the training. The study concludes that explicit, focused instruction of decoding, and text comprehension in a small group setting has real benefits.
Detection of Aflatoxin B1 in Pistachio Kernels Using Visible/Near-Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging
Authors: Wu Qifang , Xu Huirong
Published: August 2019

Abstract.

Pistachios are susceptible to aflatoxin contamination because of their rich nutrient content. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI), a new method for collecting spectral and image information, has been successfully employed in contamination research to classify staple agricultural products, such as maize, that are contaminated with aflatoxins. However, only a few studies have been conducted on the nondestructive discrimination among contaminated nuts using HSI for both qualitative and quantitative purposes. Thus, the feasibility of directly detecting aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in individual pistachio kernels using visible/near-infrared HSI (VNIR HSI) was explored in this study. A total of 300 pistachio kernels were randomly selected to prepare target samples that were artificially contaminated with 5, 10, 20, 30, or 50 ppb (parts per billion) of AFB1. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed an overall separation trend between the control and all contaminated kernels. Accuracies greater than 90.0% were obtained by linear discriminant analysis (LDA) for samples that were artificially contaminated with different concentrations of AFB1 based on spectra at 694 to 988 nm that had been preprocessed with standard normal variate (SNV) and Savitzky-Golay (SG) smoothing. The correlation coefficients of calibration and validation (rc and rv) from stepwise multiple linear regression (SMLR) models were all >0.9100. Moreover, five key wavelengths (708, 771, 892, 915, and 941 nm) closely associated with AFB1 contamination were identified using principal component spectra analysis. Generally, the results indicated that VNIR HSI could be employed for preliminary screening of pistachio kernels that were artificially contaminated with AFB1, even at the 5 ppb level. However, the quantitative prediction of the specific AFB1 concentration needed to be further improved. Keywords: Aflatoxins, Detection analysis, Hyperspectral information, Pistachios, Visible/near-infrared.
Identifying Fagaceae Species in Taiwan Using Leaf Images
Authors: Lee Cheng-Hao , Hsu Hao-Chun , Yang Chih-Kai , Tsai Ming-Jer , Kuo Yan-Fu
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Fagaceae is the second-largest woody plant family in Taiwan and has considerable economic and ecological value. Identifying Fagaceae species is essential for forest managers and forestry technical personnel. In this study, ten Fagaceae species were distinguished using image processing and machine learning. For each species, 100 leaf images were collected using flatbed scanners. The morphological, marginal, color, and textural traits of the leaves were then quantified. A genetic algorithm was next applied to identify the traits that are essential for species identification. Support vector machine classifiers were developed to identify the species using the selected traits as the inputs. The results indicated that the proposed approach had an accuracy of 92.8%. Keywords: Fagaceae, Image processing, Machine learning, Species identification, Trait selection.
Distribution of major diseases of shallot in South Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: SAFITRI YUNIEKA AULIA , HASANAH USWATUN , SALAMIAH SALAMIAH , SAMHARINTO SAMHARINTO , PRAMUDI M INDAR
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Safitri YA, Hasanah U, Salamiah, Samharinto, Pramudi MI. 2019. Distribution of major diseases of shallot in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Asian J Agric 3: 33-40. Shallot is a vegetable crop with high economic value, but its productivity in Indonesia is still relatively low. One of the causes is due to attack of the diseases. The research was conducted from November 2017 to April 2018, with the purpose of studying the distribution of major diseases of shallots in South Kalimantan. It consisted of field, laboratory, and greenhouse research. Field research involved the survey of shallots’ extensive planting in eight villages of six districts in South Kalimantan, disease symptoms, the broad of attack, and the collection of secondary data. Laboratory research included the isolation and identification of the pathogen causing diseases. The greenhouse research was conducted to perform the Postulate Koch test. The research result showed that there were two major diseases of shallots, namely Moler and Anthracnose. Pathogen causing Moler disease (Fusarium oxysporum) attacked shallot plant in six districts (Tabalong, Balangan, Tanah Laut, Kotabaru, Tapin, and Banjarbaru) and pathogen causing Anthracnose disease (Colletotrichum sp) attacked shallot plant in five districts (Tabalong, Balangan, Tanah Laut, Kotabaru, and Tapin).
Analysis of climate change knowledge and its implications on livelihood options in Naituyupaki Location, Maasai Mau Forest, Narok County, Kenya
Authors: KONG’ANI L. N. S. , MUTUNE J. M. , THENYA T.
Published: August 2019

Kong’ani LNS, Mutune JM, Thenya T. 2018. Analysis of climate change knowledge and its implications on livelihood options in Naituyupaki Location, Maasai Mau Forest, Narok County, Kenya. Asian J For 2: 62-66. Climate change knowledge among rural forest adjacent communities influences responsive dynamics towards rural livelihood in terms of mitigations and adaptations. Rural households are highly dependent on natural resources, whose base is highly indisputably threatened by the changing climate. Some of the responses towards climate change dynamics exert increased pressure on Maasai Mau forest resources for sustenance. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between forest based livelihood dynamics and climate change knowledge. Results indicate that 93% of the respondents were aware of climate change through life experiences. The cited primary causes of climate change by 72% of the respondents included natural causes (26%), human activities (2%) and punishment from gods respectively. The agricultural production and forest products are the main livelihood activities among the people and these livelihood support activities are, to a large extent, affected by climate change. There is need to continuously expose local community to emerging knowledge on impact of climate change for improved mitigation and adaptations.
Community structure of Echinoderms in seagrass beds of Pacitan beaches, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: MUZAKI FARID KAMAL , SETIAWAN EDWIN , INSANY GHULAM FATHIR AUTHAR , DEWI NURUL KUSUMA , SUBAGIO IWENDA BELLA
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Muzaki FK, Setiawan E, Insany GFA, Dewi NK, Subagio IB. 2019. Community structure of Echinoderms in seagrass beds of Pacitan beaches, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1787-1793. In this study, we attempt to access diversity and community structure of Echinoderms on seagrass beds in each three belt transect (width 2 m, length 100 m) in Tawang and Pidakan beaches, Pacitan, East Java, Java. Observed parameters were species richness, composition, and abundance, as well as diversity indices: Shannon-Wiener's diversity index (H'), Simpson's dominance index (D) and Pielou's evenness index (J). At the end of the study, we identified one species of sea star (Asteroidea), seven species of brittle stars (Ophiuroidea), ten species of sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea) andnine species of sea urchins (Echinoidea). The most dominant species were Ophiocoma dentata (F. Ophiocomidae), Diadema setosum (F. Diadematiidae), Ophiomastix annulosa (F. Ophiocomidae) and Echinometra mathaei (F. Echinometridae). Value of H’ ranged from 0.538 to 1.252 in Tawang and 1.041 to 1.704 in Pidakan; which showing higher species richness and diversity in Pidakan. Echinoderm in the study area was not evenly distributed; D. setosum was very dominant in Tawang beach, while those three other species were more common in Pidakan. Furthermore, most of Holothuroid and Ophiuroid were found only in Pidakan which have relatively more complex habitat.
Short Communication: Using wildlife for local livelihood – Experiences from the Bird’s Head Peninsula, West Papua, Indonesia
Authors: PATTISELANNO FREDDY , APITULEY JOHN R.M. , AROBAYA AGUSTINA Y.S. , KOIBUR JOHAN F
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Pattiselanno F, Apituley JRM, Arobaya AYS, Koibur JF. 2019. Short Communication: Using wildlife for local livelihood – Experiences from the Bird’s Head Peninsula, West Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1839-1845. Wildlife products are valuable commodities, and wild meat is considered as premium value because it has a high value per unit weight compared with other forest products Wildlife products are commonly used for consumption purpose, generating household income and cultural reasons. Because cultural values differ among ethnic groups, it is important to understand how wildlife contributes to local livelihoods in different areas of the Bird’s Head Peninsula. Data was obtained opportunistically during fieldwork to different parts of West Papua Province from 2010 to 2018. Study sites were not intentionally selected, but they were considered during the involvement of authors in research and survey across the Bird’s Head Peninsula of West Papua Province Data was collected through indirect observation and semi-structural interviews. A literature review was also completed to supplement the primary data collected from the fieldwork. The results indicated many people rely on wild meat as an alternative source of food for the household. Wildlife also offered forms of income generation such as sale of bushmeat products. Acquisition of animal parts as cultural artifacts, for personal adornment or for trophies was still a widespread practice throughout the areas. Religious and cultural aspects also contributed significantly to the use of wild meat for traditional or spiritual aspects as well. Finally, some reasons have been identified that derive peoples’ attitudes in using wildlife across the Bird’s Head Peninsula, and they are for consumption, sale and the relationship between wild animal species and cultural values.
Inventory and exploration of orchid in Polewali Mandar, West Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: PUSPITANINGTYAS DWI MURTI
Published: August 2019

Sulawesi is the fourth largest island in Indonesia. Sulawesi is also a very unique island, possessing a very high biodiversity due to the location  on the Wallacea area, and constituting  mixing plants from Asia and Australia.  An inventory and exploration of orchid in Polewali Mandar Regency was conducted from  25 May to 13 June 2014 to determine and assess the orchid diversity in the area.   Orchid specimens were recorded and collected using a purposive random sampling method. A total of 60 accession numbers were collected in the study  area. These collections represent 22 genera and 51 species, consists of 41 epiphyte orchids species and 10 terrestrial orchids species.  Some species are wide distribute in Indonesia, few of them are only found in eastern part of Indonesia such as Wallacea region, and are even endemic to Sulawesi.  Luisia celebica Schltr. and Micropera sterrophylla (Schltr.) Garay are noted as endemic orchid to Sulawesi.  While Dendrobium bicaudatum Reinw. ex Lindl., Habenaria beccarii Schltr., Malaxis trigonopetala (J.J.Sm.) S.Thomas, Schuit. & de Vogel and Pinalia quinquangularis (J.J.Sm.) Ormerod are endemic to the Wallacea region mainly in Sulawesi and Moluccas. Among those  orchids found in the study, Dendrobium clavator  Ridl.,  Pinalia quinquangularis (J.J.Sm.) Ormerod, and Pinalia xanthocheila (Ridl.) W.Suarez & Cootes  are noted as new records in Sulawesi.  Many new records of orchids are still to be expected from Sulawesi.
Extinction risk analysis of Anthocephalus macrophyllus in Gunungsewu Karst Area, Southern Java, Indonesia
Authors: FAIDA LIES RAHAYU WIJAYANTI , MARHAENTO HERO
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Faida LRW, Marhaento H. 2019. Extinction risk analysis of Anthocephalus macrophyllus in Gunungsewu Karst Area, Southern Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1897-1903. This paper aims to analyze the extinction risk of a local plant species namely Tebelo Pusoh or Jabon Merah (Anthocephalus macrophyllus) in Gunungsewu Karst Area (GKA), Southern Java, Indonesia. A. macrophyllus is a native species of GKA which its existence is currently being threatened by anthropogenic activities such as agricultural extension and housing development. To quantify the extinction risk of A. macrophyllus in GKA, an adapted equation from International Institute of Rural Reconstruction (IIRR) was used. Three extinction risk components namely hazard, vulnerability and coping capacity were assessed based on the local’s perception. Hazard was defined as a source of potential threat to A. macrophyllus, vulnerability was a state of A. macrophyllus being exposed to damage, and coping capacity was efforts to reduce the potential damage of A. macrophyllus. Interviews with one hundred and ten respondents were conducted to assess the risk components. The Likert scale was used to analyze the interview results. The results showed that within the scale of 1 to 4, the hazard score for A. macrophyllus was 2.67, the vulnerability score was 1.67, and the coping capacity score was 1.33. Finally, it was estimated that the extinction risk of A. macrophyllus in GKA was 3.35 indicating a moderate level of extinction risk.
Screening for amylolytic activity and characterization of thermophilic Actinobacteria isolated from a Geothermal Area in West Java, Indonesia
Authors: SYAFITRI WINDA AYU , NINGSIH FITRIA , SETYANINGSIH PUTRI PRATIWI , RACHMANIA MAZYTHA KINANTI , SARI DHIAN CHITRA AYU FITRIA , YABE SHUHEI , YOKOTA AKIRA , OETARI ARIYANTI , SJAMSURIDZAL WELLYZAR
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Syafitri WA, Ningsih F, Setyaningsih PP, Rachmania MK, Sari DCAF, Yabe S, Yokota A, Oetari A, Sjamsuridzal W. 2019. Screening for amylolytic activity and characterization of thermophilic Actinobacteria isolated from a geothermal area in West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1929-1938. In this study, we describe the screening for amylolytic activity of 17 thermophilic Actinobacteria isolates obtained from the soil of Cisolok geysers, a geothermal area in West Java, Indonesia. All isolates were screened for amylolytic activity by the starch-agar plate method at various temperatures. The results showed that all of isolates were able to grow at 45oC. The growth abilities of the isolates grown in ISP 1 medium varied at temperatures from 45 to 60oC. Fifteen of the 17 isolates showed amylolytic activity at 45oC, 13 showed such activity at 50oC, and four showed activity at 55oC. Only three isolates, designated SL1-2-R-2, SL1-2-R-3, and SL1-2-R-4, showed growth and amylolytic activity at 60oC. These three isolates were selected for molecular identification. The nearly full-length of 16S rRNA gene sequences data showed that these three isolates have a similarity of 99.93-100% with Actinomadura keratinilytica WCC-2265T and of 98.74-98.91% with A. miaoliensis BC 44T-5T. Phylogenetic tree shows that all three isolates are clustered together in a monophyletic group with the type strain of A. keratinilytica WCC-2265T as their most closely related species, with 100% bootstrap support. Based on sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, phylogenetic comparison, and phenotypic characterization, the three isolates were identified as A. keratinilytica.
Metagenomic analysis of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense-infected soil in banana plantation, Sukabumi, Indonesia
Authors: EFFENDI YUNUS , PAMBUDI A , PANCORO A
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Effendi Y, Pambudi A, Pancoro A. 2019. Metagenomic analysis of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense-infected soil in banana plantation, Sukabumi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1939-1945. Fusarium wilt is one of the most devastating diseases in banana plantation which caused by soil-borne fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense. In this study, metagenomic analysis of 16SrRNA gene was performed for comparing composition, richness, and abundance of healthy soils and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc)-infected soil microbes in rhizospheral area of banana plants. Data showed about 10969 OTU and 10755 OTU of bacteria were identified in healthy soils and Foc-infected soils respectively. The Foc-infected soils showed higher species abundance than healthy soil (ACE index 73,6 and 68,8 respectively). However, healthy soils have more taxa richness than infected-soil (Fisher index 447,7 and 343,4 respectively). Beta diversity analysis indicated infected-soils had lower bacterial diversity in comparison with healthy soils. About 37 phyla were identified and no statistical difference between both soil conditions in the OTUs abundance. However, Acidobacteria (22%) and Verrucomicrobia (13%) tend more abundance in the health soils in comparison in the infected soils 19% and 10% respectively, whereas Proteobacteria was found more abundance in the infected soil (11%) in comparison with the health soil (7%). Interestingly, high abundance of Xanthomonadaceae, member of Proteobacteria was identified in the infected soils which might have a positive correlation with incidence of Fusarium development in the soils.
Rhizosphere fungal community, soil physicochemical properties, understorey vegetation and their relationship during post-coal mining reclamation in East Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: SUDRAJAT SUDRAJAT , WIDHAYASA BAYU , RUSDIANSYAH RUSDIANSYAH , SUSANTO DWI
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Sudrajat, Widhayasa B, Rusdiansyah, Susanto D. 2019. Rhizosphere fungal community, soil physicochemical properties, understorey vegetation and their relationship during post-coal mining reclamation in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1953-1962.  The objective of this study was to evaluate the composition of fungal community in rhizosphere, understorey vegetation and soil physicochemical properties post-coal mining reclamation. Soil sampling was conducted using a series of reclamation stages plots (undisturbed, disturbed, two, nine, twelves and sixteen years of reclamation) with drill ground at a depth of 0-30 cm. On each plot, five-point drilling was conducted; soil samples were composited; and their physicochemical properties including soil pH, organic carbon, total N, available P, available K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, and S content were analyzed. Rhizosphere microfungi were isolated by using serial dilution and plated on potato dextrose agar added with Streptomycin. Identification and characterization of soil microfungi were done with the help of accessible manuals of fungi. The results showed that fungal genera at rhizosphere during post-coal mining reclamation were Aspergillus, Penicillium, Cephalosporium, Gliocladium, Humicola, Trichoderma, and Paecilomyces. Aspergillus was dominant comprising 74% of the total isolates. The fungal density in the undisturbed soil and the post-coal mining reclamation soil were higher than in the disturbed soil. The fungal rhizosphere groups isolated were saprophytic fungi that were present in a high relative density. In addition, the results showed that fungal rhizosphere was negatively correlated with soil pH and organic carbon. On the other hand, fungal rhizosphere was positively correlated with total N, available P, and available K. It can be concluded that the time period of post-coal mining reclamation, vegetation, and soil physicochemical profoundly determined the soil fungal community.
Economic valuation of the Danau Sentarum National Park, West Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: ROSLINDA EMI
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Authors. 2019. Economic valuation of the Danau Sentarum National Park, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1983-1989. The Danau Sentarum ecosystem in West Kalimantan, Indonesia is officially protected by its status as an Indonesian national park. Nevertheless, it remains under severe threat of deforestation. Rainforest destruction has already caused a decline in ecosystem functions and services. In addition, it is affecting numerous economic activities in and around the Danau Sentarum National Park. The objectives of this study are to determine the total economic value (TEV) of the Danau Sentarum National Park and look for appropriate mechanisms to realize such values. Survey methods were used in this research. 180 respondents were selected by random sampling method from three Management Section National Park (MSNP). TEV in this research was restricted on direct use value, indirect use value and option value. Estimation of DSNP ecosystem benefits was approached by market price, travel cost method, contingent valuation method, and opportunity cost adjusted for the benefits calculated. The direct use value of Danau Sentarum National Park is IDR 18.5 billion/year while the indirect use value of Danau Sentarum National Park is IDR 34.2 billion/year. The option value of Danau Sentarum National park is IDR 86.2 billion/year. The total economic value resulted in Danau Sentarum National Park is IDR 139,1 billion/year, equivalent to an average of IDR 1.1 million/year for the total park area (132,000 ha). When compared to the TEV of the DSNP, such costs amounted to only 4.87 percent compared to the value of the benefits Based on monetary values of ecosystem services that are provided by this park we could assess the mechanisms to finance the park’s conservation and sustainable use. This will help the self-management of national parks.
Socio-ecological perspective of local bio-resources based production system of palm sugar and palm flour from aren (Arenga pinnata): Case study of Sukaresmi Village, West Bandung, Indonesia
Authors: WITHANINGSIH SUSANTI , PARIKESIT PARIKESIT , ISKANDAR JOHAN , PUTRI RISYA
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Withaningsih S, Parikesit, Iskandar J, Putri R. 2019. Socio-ecological perspective of local bio-resources based production system of palm sugar and palm flour from aren (Arenga pinnata): Case study of Sukaresmi Village, West Bandung, Indonesia. Biodiversitas. 20: 1990-1997. The heterogeneity of landscapes, from a socio-ecology viewpoint, has resulted in the emergence of various systems of production for the same end products, which have developed with wide variations and distinctiveness and are based on the local availability of bio-resources. Even on landscapes with extreme biophysical and social conditions, various systems of production can still be encountered. Bio-resource-based systems generally exist on a small scale and in poorly-resourced communities. This study aimed to determine the use of local bio-resources and palm management techniques in different systems used for the production of palm sugar and palm flour. This study utilized a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. Primary data were collected using structured and semi-structured interviews, observations, and participants’ observations. The results showed that palm sugar was processed by peeling the midrib, passing, tapping, and making the midrib into sugar, whereas palm flour was processed by cutting down trees, grating, squeezing, and precipitating the end product. The local bio-resources used in the production of both included Chinese albizia (Albizia chinensis), giant bamboo (Dendrocalamus giganteus), tali bamboo (Gigantochloa apus), kemang (Mangifera kemanga), jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus), and sobsi (Maesopsis eminii). Local knowledge regarding the processing of palm sugar was passed from generation to generation, whereas the knowledge regarding the processing of palm flour was achieved through independent learning and asking questions.
The hydroxyproline content of fish bone gelatin from Indonesian Pangasius catfish by enzymatic hydrolysis for producing the bioactive peptide
Authors: ATMA YONI , LIOE HANIFAH NURYANI , PRANGDIMURTI ENDANG , SEFTIONO HERMAWAN , TAUFIK MOH. , FITRIANI DITA , MUSTOPA APON ZAENAL
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Atma Y, Lioe HN, Prangdimurti E, Seftiono H, Tahufik M, Fitriani D, Mustopa AZ. 2018. The hydroxyproline content on fish bone gelatin from Indonesian Pangasius catfish by enzymatic hydrolysis for producing of bioactive peptide. Biofarmasi J Nat Prod Biochem 16: 64-68. Gelatins has been widely used in food, medicines, cosmetics, photography industries. In the food industry, gelatin used as food additives and functional foods. The applications of gelatin as a functional food due to their bioactivity in a form of peptides. Bioactive peptides from gelatin are mostly obtained through enzymatic hydrolysis processes. This study was conducted to measure the hydroxyproline content of gelatin bone of Indonesian Pangasius catfish (Pangasius sutchi) before and after enzymatic hydrolysis. The hydroxyproline is one of the dominant amino acids in gelatin. Gelatin hydrolysis was carried out using a flavourzyme at concentration of 6% and the incubation series of 0, 4, 6 and 8 hours. The standard concentration of hydroxyproline was used in range of 0-1 μg. The results showed that the linear curve of the hydroxyproline standard solution was y=0.0554x+0.0406, with the coefficient of determination (R²) = 0.9435. The incubation time of enzymatic hydrolysis (6% enzyme concentration) affected the hydroxyproline content. The hydroxyproline from fish bone gelatin was 18.91±2.87 mg/mL, 63.81±1.28 mg/mL, 46.21±1.28 mg/mL and 37.64 ± 0.64 mg/mL respectively during 0, 4, 6 dan 8 h incubation time. This hydroxyproline content was significantly different at 95% confidence level from each treatment time.
Fertility Intentions and Perspectives on Contraceptive Involvement Among Low‐Income Men Aged 25 to 55
Authors: Campbell Anthony D. , Turok David K. , White Kari
Published: August 2019

CONTEXT

Unintended pregnancy is disproportionately reported by low‐income individuals in the United States, and studies of men's roles in preventing pregnancy have largely focused on adolescents and young adults. Less is known about the pregnancy‐related attitudes and behaviors among men older than 24, who are involved in the majority of pregnancies ending in a birth.

METHODS

Between December 2015 and August 2016, in‐depth interviews were conducted with 26 low‐income men in Alabama who were aged 25–55, were sexually active and did not want more children. Interviews explored men's reasons for not wanting more children, their contraceptive knowledge and attitudes, and their involvement in contraceptive decision making. Transcripts were examined using content analysis to identify themes related to men's perspectives about preventing pregnancy and using contraceptives.

RESULTS

Participants' motivations to prevent a pregnancy centered primarily on their age and financial circumstances. Most men had limited contraceptive knowledge and perceived their risk of causing a pregnancy to be low, regardless of method use. Few men engaged in decisions about contraceptive use, despite their beliefs that men and women had a shared responsibility to prevent pregnancy. Although some men were interested in vasectomy, a few were hesitant about undergoing the procedure because they might want to have children later if their life circumstances changed, and others worried that vasectomy might affect sexual performance.

CONCLUSIONS

Some low‐income adult men were uncertain about their pregnancy desires, and many lacked contraceptive knowledge that would help them avoid unwanted pregnancy. Research is needed to identify the types of programs that could effectively promote men's constructive engagement in preventing pregnancies over their reproductive life course.
Comparative study between elephant herding optimization (EHO) and U-turning ant colony optimization (U-TACO) in solving symmetric traveling salesman problem (STSP)
Authors: M. Almufti Saman , Boya Marqas Ridwan , R. Asaad Renas
Published: August 2019

Swarm Intelligence is an active area of researches and one of the most well-known high-level techniques intended to generat, select or find a heuristic that optimize solutions of optimization problems.Elephant Herding optimization algorithm (EHO) is a metaheuristic swarm based search algorithm, which is used to solve various optimi-zation problems. The algorithm is deducted from the behavior of elephant groups in the wild. Were elephants live in a clan with a leader matriarch, while the male elephants separate from the group when they reach adulthood. This is used in the algorithm in two parts. First, the clan updating mechanism. Second, the separation mechanism.U-Turning Ant colony optimization (U-TACO) is a swarm-based algorithm uses the behavior of real ant in finding the shortest way be-tween its current location and a source of food for solving optimization problems. U-Turning Ant colony Optimization based on making partial tour as an initial state for the basic Ant Colony algorithm (ACO).In this paper, a Comparative study has been done between the previous mentioned algorithms (EHO, U-TACO) in solving Symmetric Traveling Salesman Problem (STSP) which is one of the most well-known NP-Hard problems in the optimization field. The paper pro-vides tables for the results obtained by EHO and U-TACO for various STSP problems from the TSPLIB95.
A Role for Immersive Visualization Experiences in Teaching Archaeology
Authors: Garstki Kevin James , Larkee Chris , LaDisa John
Published: August 2019

As archaeologists continue to utilize digital 3D visualization technologies, instruction can also benefit from purpose-driven uses of these data. This paper outlines a pilot project that used previously captured 3D data in a large-scale immersive environment to supplement the instruction of basic archaeological concepts to an undergraduate introductory anthropology class. The flexibility of the platform allowed excavation trenches to be investigated in three-dimensions, enhancing the understanding of excavation methods and providing additional insight in the choices of the excavators. Additionally, virtual investigation of the artifacts provided a way for students to interact with objects on the other side of the world in a more complete way. Instructor-led immersive virtual experiences have significant potential to widen the interest in archaeology and enhance the instruction of archaeological concepts. They allow students to interact with the content, guided by an expert, and in the presence of each other. While the facilities are not available at every university at the current time, the cost effectiveness and ability to deliver these experiences via head-mounted displays represents an exciting potential extension for complementary self-paced, yet guided, exploration.
Digital Heritage as Collaborative Process
Authors: Cook Katherine , Hill Genevieve
Published: August 2019

This paper examines the importance of the process of collaboration and community engagement in developing and applying digital heritage resources. It draws on case studies from the authors’ experiences building partnerships between a university’s anthropology undergraduate program and a provincial museum to teach community-engaged applied digital heritage. The process of creating and using digital technologies in heritage environments were transformative for not only students but also professional archaeologists and communities, highlighting the meaningful engagement and understandings that are developed through collaborative making. However, it also highlighted the challenges facing these types of collaborations, including academic and heritage structures, digital preservation/management, and ethics and inclusivity in digitization projects.
ANALISIS KOEFISIEN LIMPASAN PERMUKAAN KOTA MAKASSAR DENGAN METODE COOK
Authors: Nganro Sudirman , Trisutomo Slamet , Barkey Roland Alexander , Ali Mukti
Published: August 2019

Rain falling on the Watershed will turn into a stream in the river, this is because the rainwater is not entirely infiltrated into the soil, the unabsorbed water is called surface runoff. Factors affecting runoff are meteorological elements and drainage elements. This study aims to calculate the surface runoff coefficient using land cover maps 2017 and 2050, slope and soil type as parameters. Cook method divides the watershed characteristics into 4 sections as parameters to calculate the runoff coefficient of topography, soil type, vegetation cover and surface deposit. Each parameter is weighted based on its characteristics to calculate the coefficient of surface runoff symbolized by the letter C. The analysis results show that in the year 2017 obtained the value of C = 0.4734 and for the year 2050 C = 0.4785. There's a difference of 0.0051 coefficient of runoff value between land use map and land cover in 2017 and 2050. The results of this study will be used to calculate the flood discharge design in the object of research in Makassar City.
KAJIAN PERUBAHAN GARIS PANTAI PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT PERIODE 2003 – 2016
Authors: Haryani Haryani , Irianto Agus , Syah Nurhasan
Published: August 2019

In the Law No. 24/2007, that actions that can be taken on disaster management include prevention, mitigation, preparedness and emergency response. One of the actions that can be done pre-disaster (mitigation) is the need to know the characteristics of disaster as one of the mitigation efforts. West Sumatera province has 19 cities and regencies where 6 of them often experience abrasion and accretion disaster because it is a coastal area directly adjacent to the Indian Ocean. This study aims to examine the characteristics of abrasion and accretion disasters along the coast of West Sumatra Province from 2003 to 2016. By knowing the characteristics of abrasion and accretion from 2003 and 2016 it will be known which beaches are experiencing abrasion or accretion. This research is qualitative and quantitative descriptive research with Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis method to get characteristic of abrasion and accretion disaster in coastal area of West Sumatra. there has been a disaster of abrasion and accretion in 32 points spread across 6 districts and cities, namely West Pasaman District, Agam Regency, Padang Pariaman District, Pariaman City, Padang City and Padang Pariaman District. , an abrasion disaster in the coastal area of West Sumatra Province of 732.69 Ha and 55.4 ha of acres. This proves that the abrasion debacle causes the decrease of land in West Sumatera Province which is big enough that is average 56,3 Ha / year, while the addition of land is only 4,26 Ha / year. The farthest abrasion disasters are located in South Pesisir Regency, which is 45.70 m or 3.52 m / year on average. While the farthest accretion is in the South Pesisir Regency is as far as 36.91 or an average of 2.84 m / year.
PENGARUH AKTIVITAS PUSAT PENELITIAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN DAN TEKNOLOGI DI TANGERANG SELATAN SEBAGAI TEMPAT PUSAT
Authors: Harningtyas Fika , Sugiri Agung
Published: August 2019

Research Centre for Science and Technology covers an area of 460 Ha located in South Tangerang, functions as a central place and interacts with influenced regions due to the need for industrialization and commercialization of research results. This is relates with Central Place Theory that’s spatial relations and its spreading arise as a natural consequence of market interactions that include small-scale economy with various forms of output. This study aims to determine how vast the spatial interaction of Puspiptek’s activities, by using descriptive quantitative method. Analytical techniques that used are descriptive analysis, Likert scoring, Klee weighting and spatial analysis. Indicators for backward linkage: (1)labor, (2)infrastructure, (3)support cooperation, and (4)investment then for forward linkage: (1)patents, (2)scientific publications, (3)scientific activities, (4)commercial cooperation and (5)profit. Backward and forward linkage then describe Puspiptek’s hierarchical condition. The result is spatial interaction Puspiptek in the national scope, supported by backward linkage is 54% of the labor domiciled from various regions in Indonesia and forward linkage into the national class category with a score of 770 from the range 547 - 1.001. The result can be a recommendation for some authorities as a consideration in the preparation of spatial plans framework to realize the proposed of Puspiptek as a National Strategic Area.