bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Hospital Length of Stay in Each Diagnostic -Related Groups (DRGs) Carried Out Using the Smart Hospital Research Application
Authors: Kozera Jarosław Stefan , Pikala Małgorzata , Burzyńska Monika
Published: July 2024

Background

The application of business intelligence (BI) tools in hospitals can enhance the quality and efficiency of care by providing insights into diagnostic, therapeutic, and business processes. BI tools aid in infection monitoring, clinical decision -making, and analysis of hospitalisation durations within Diagnostic-Related Groups (DRGs), identifying inefficiencies and optimizing resource use.

Objectives

This study aims to analyse hospital length of stay and identify the DRGs with the most inefficient hospitalization times using the BI -driven Smart Hospital application.

Materials and methods

The Smart Hospital application, developed on the Qlik Sense BI platform, analysed data from the National Health Fund (NFZ), Statistics Poland, e -health Centre (CEZ), and hospitalisations billed by DRG sections. The dataset included 20,376,405 hospitalisations from 2017–2019.

Results

The average length of stay (ALOS) was 6.2 days, with an effective length of stay (ELOS) of 4.33 days. Ineffective hospitalisation days totalled 30,307,086, accounting for 28.99% of all hospitalizations. The most inefficient DRGs were E53G (Cardiovascular failure), A48 (Complex stroke treatment), N01 (Childbirth), T07 (Trauma conservative treatment), and D28 (Respiratory and thoracic malignancies), contributing to about 14% of all ineffective hospital days.

Conclusions

Understanding the factors influencing hospitalisation durations in DRGs can improve patient flow management. Future research should compare treatment effectiveness concerning hospitalisation duration to develop optimal strategies for specific patient groups.
Application of fair value for non-financial assets valuation by higher education institutions: Status and prospects
Authors: SAKHAPOV Bulat R.
Published: July 2024

Subject. This article examines the state-of-the-art and prospects for the use of fair value for the valuation of non-financial assets in higher education institutions.
Objectives. The article aims to consider the areas of concern associated with the use of fair value for the valuation of non-financial assets in higher education institutions, in particular, for fixed assets, analyze the methods for determining fair value, and compare the main provisions for establishing fair value in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards and the Federal Accounting Standards for Fixed Assets for the Public Sector.
Methods. For the study, I used comparison, systematization and generalization.
Results. The article systematizes the main theoretical approaches to the study of issues related to the valuation of non-financial assets in accordance with the International Public Sector Financial Reporting Standards and Federal Accounting Standards.
Relevance. The above basic provisions for the use of fair value for the measurement of non-financial assets by higher education institutions can be used for theoretical study of the issue, as well as in practical activities in State (municipal) budgetary and autonomous institutions.
Three dimensions of artificial intelligence in the system design of high-tech products
Authors: LEONOV Aleksandr V. , PRONIN Aleksei Yu.
Published: July 2024

Subject. The article investigates the role and place of artificial intelligence in the system design of high-tech products.
Objectives. The focus is on determination of artificial intelligence implementation stages in the system design of high-tech products.
Methods. We apply general scientific research methods.
Results. The study established that artificial intelligence in the system design of high-tech products should be considered as a single software-algorithmic, system-technological, and conceptual-terminological complex. It identified methodological and ideological problems of introducing artificial intelligence into system design. We defined the structure of hybrid intelligence and substantiated the need for its use. We proposed to use the modern methodology of program-target planning to organize a phased, planned, and coordinated introduction of artificial intelligence technologies in the system design of high-tech products.
Conclusions. The findings can be used in the development of State scientific and technological programs and plans to create high-tech products for various purposes in the interests of ensuring the sustainability of innovative and technological development and national security of the Russian Federation, given the current geopolitical and economic situation in the world.
Cognitive modeling in project management
Authors: IMAMOV Marsel' M.
Published: July 2024

Subject. This article deals with the issues of project management, risk forecasting and evolutionary economics.
Objectives. The article aims to identify systems approaches to management, strengthening digital interactions between various departments of the company and the management department.
Methods. For the study, I used a systems analysis.
Results. The article presents models of interactions between actors and factors based on dynamic cognitive maps, taking into account inverse functional relationships using Bayesian networks, in particular, a dynamic graph model of propagating perturbations in the project environment, and it proposes an approach to its identification based on the least squares method.
Conclusions. The proposed cognitive models and tools will help improve the quality of decision-making in the context of "noise".
Black Tea Manufacturing Process, Health Benefit, and Application in Food Industry: A Review
Authors: Suryoprabowo Steven ,   Bina Nusantara University
Published: July 2024

Tea (Camellia sinensis) is one of the most consumed beverages with its long history and was first consumed in China. People in ancient East Asia ate tea for centuries, perhaps even millennia, before ever consuming it as beverage. Based on the processing method, tea could be classified into six types, post-fermented (dark) tea, black tea, green tea, yellow tea, oolong tea, and white tea.
Diversity of Fusarium Species Infecting Maize Grown In Nakuru County, Kenya
Authors: O Alaro Lawrence ,   Kenyatta University
Published: July 2024

Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the famous food crop in Kenya. It is always contaminated by fungi, Fusarium spp. produces mycotoxins, Fumonisins (FBs) which occurs worldwide in maize infected by Fusarium verticillioides. The most common mycotoxin is Fumonisin FB1.
Automated Processing Method for Chinese NOTAMs Based on Knowledge Graph
Authors: Dong Bing , Luo Chuang , Hao Kuangong , Liu Anquan , Li Xinqian
Published: July 2024

Notice to airmen (NOTAMs) constitutes a vital element in civil aviation operational intelligence. Historically, the processing of these notices has been manual. However, with the significant increase in the number of NOTAMs, issues including low efficiency, time-consuming processes, and high error rates associated with manual processing have become apparent. To address these challenges, we propose an enhanced approach utilizing the Bi-GRU-CRF-Attention model, based on a dataset of 105,797 NOTAMs collected from the Intelligence Center between September 2020 and April 2023. In this methodology, we employ preprocessing techniques to train the model using processed NOTAMs. Subsequently, the trained model is utilized for named entity recognition, identifying entities within the notices, such as status, facilities, and reasons and segmenting sentences into words. Following this, an advanced BERT-DPCNN method is employed to classify the identified entities, yielding triplets comprising NOTAM entities, their categories, and corresponding processing methods. By integrating rule-based approaches, we configure a NOTAM knowledge graph using neo4j. This process establishes an automated NOTAM processing system. This system can autonomously determine the category of a NOTAM upon reception and utilize the Cypher language to query for the appropriate processing method.
ZOOGEOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF THE FAUNA OF THE GEOMETRID MOTHS (LEPIDOPTERA: GEOMETRIDAE) OF AMURSKAYA OBLAST
Authors: Kuzmin A.A. ,   All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Soybean, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Blagoveshchensk, Russia, Beljaev E.A. ,   Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia.,   Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia.
Published: July 2024

The paper provides a zoogeographical characteristic of the fauna of geometrid moth fauna (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) of Amurskaya Oblast (Far East of Russia) in the aspects of regional zoogeographic connections with neighboring territories and connections of local moth faunas with the main types of landscapes within the region. It has been established that the moth fauna of Amurskaya Oblast shows a clear similarity with the faunas of the southeastern part of the Far Eastern Federal District in terms of species composition and the participation of longitudinal and altitudinal-latitudinal groups of areas. Differences of the fauna of Amurskaya Oblast from other regions are due to its middle location on the south of the District and direct contact with the regions of Eastern Siberia. The fauna of Amurskaya Oblast is closest to that of Khabarovskii Krai in the species composition, and differs in a smaller proportion of species included in the Far Eastern group of areas. There are two faunal complexes of moths in Amurskaya Oblast: boreal (taiga), with a predominance of wide-area northern mid-latitude species, and nemoral, with a predominance of Far Eastern southern midand low-latitude species. Fauna of geometrid moths of Amurskaya Oblast south of ~53° N and west of the river Bureya is a transitional between boreal and nemoral, relatively clinal changing in the composition of the groups of areas in the direction of southeast – northwest. There is no distinct northern border of the transitional zone due to the high patchiness of the distribution of boreal and nemoral biocenoses. Communities of geometrid moths of nemoral forests occupy the extreme southeast of Amurskaya Oblast east of the river Bureya, which can be considered an only distinct boundary of westward distribution for many Far Eastern southern mid- and low-latitude species of geometrid moths. In the transitional zone, a meadow-forest subzone is distinguished, containing species of moths associated with the steppe and forest-steppe faunas of Central Asia and Northern China. Based on the structure of local moth faunas, the Siberian – East Asian faunal boundary in the Amurskaya Oblast appears as a wide sublatitudinal “transitional” zone, running from approximately 53° N latitude in the north to the lower reaches of the river Bureya (~50° N latitude) in the south of the region.
DISTRIBUTION OF THE LEAF KATYDID ELIMAEA FALLAX (ORTHOPTERA: TETTIGONIIDAE: PHANEROPTERINAE) IN THE COUNTRIES OF THE JAPAN SEA BASIN
Authors: Baturina N.S. ,   Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia, Molodtsov V.V. , Sergeev M.G. , Storozhenko S.Yu. ,   Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia,   Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia,   Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.,   Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
Published: July 2024

The general patterns of distribution of Elimaea fallax in the Russian Far East and the Korean Peninsula are described. Several models of the distribution of this species in the north-east part of its range were generated and compared. It has been shown that the most favorable habitats for E. fallax in the Sea of Japan basin are and will be located primarily on the Korean Peninsula.
Revisiting the Creative and Cultural Industries in Türkiye
Authors: Kargın Akkoç Gamze
Published: July 2024

This study aims to investigate the developing framework of creative and cultural industries (CCI), focusing on Türkiye from 2008 to 2022 by adopting the widely accepted DCMS classification and introducing a Türkiye-specific classification to provide insights on the dynamics of creative and cultural industries over the last 5-10 years. The study differs by covering a broad period and adopting a Turkey-specific classification, applying a commonly held approach into the industry's dynamics. In this way, it also aims to provide a comparison with the results in the international literature. The methodology involves a descriptive analysis of employment and workplace data within CCIs, employing location quotient (LQ) for provincial specializations and clusters. According to the results, the CCI employment (% of total employment) is 3.66 % in 2022 and close to the EU level. Also, the growth rate of CCI employment is much higher than total employment for the same year. On the other hand, the results of the LQ analysis re-emphasize the creative hub characteristics of Istanbul and Ankara, while Kocaeli has also specialized in CCI as of 2018. Izmir still maintains its potential specialization characteristic. Finally, the share of CCI employment by occupation (%) shows the impact of digitalization and innovation on non-traditional CCI sectors.
An Empirical Analysis on the Effect of Taxpayers' Educational Level and Marital Status Factor on Their Attitudes and Behaviors Towards Taxes
Authors: Geyik Osman , Şeren Gamze Yıldız , Mcgee Robert W.
Published: July 2024

The primary source of funding for government expenditures is taxation. For this reason, it is crucial to understand what influences taxpayers' attitudes and behaviors about taxes and tax evasion. The reasons why taxpayers pay taxes or why they do not pay taxes can be brought to the desired level with the help of measures to be taken by the tax administration with the correct determination of these factors. This study is discussed within the framework of the positive or negative effects of taxpayers' personal situations on their attitudes and behaviours towards taxes. In this context, the attitudes and behaviours of taxpayers towards taxes are affected by many demographic variables. The study includes the findings of the research conducted by face-to-face surveys with 525 taxpayers operating in Istanbul. In this context, various analyses were applied with T-tests and ANOVA tests by taking into account the factors of education level and marital status of taxpayers. According to the findings of the study, it is concluded that marital status is a significant demographic variable regarding attitudes and behaviours towards taxes. Additionally, various differences have been identified in the attitudes and behaviours of taxpayers towards taxes in terms of educational level.
A importância do reflexo vermelho no diagnóstico de doenças oculares congênitas neonatais
Authors: Silva Ricardo Gabriel Gomes , Oliveira Emanuelle  Muniz , Santos Filho Reinaldo Izidório dos , Fernandes Francisca Cácia Pereira , Silva Maria Lindomar Soares Gomes
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar a incidência das principais doenças oftalmológicas em neonatos nascidos em um Hospital Público de uma cidade do estado do Maranhão. Métodos: Estudo observacional, do tipo transversal e prospectivo. O estudo foi realizado em um Hospital Macrorregional do Maranhão, no período de janeiro de 2023 a agosto de 2023. Resultados: Os resultados foram construídos pela avaliação de 150 neonatos, onde a maioria das mães estavam na faixa etária de 18 a 25 anos, eram de outras cidades do Maranhão, solteiras, possuíam o ensino médio completo e eram da cor parda. Aos neonatos submetidos ao TRV, em sua maioria apresentava o peso maior que 3 kg, com 71,33%, sendo que 98,67% tiveram como resultado do teste a normalidade, e nenhum deles tinham histórico familiar de patologia ocular e histórico de câncer na família. Conclusão: Considera-se que o teste do reflexo vermelho é de extrema importância na avaliação da acuidade visual desde o nascimento, podendo assim, através do diagnóstico precoce ser evitados danos irreversíveis a visão, possibilitando assim um tratamento eficaz.
Unusual Late Onset Recurrent Venous Thrombosis in Two Young Post Renal Transplant Recipients – Challenges in Diagnosis and Management with Review of Literature
Authors: Jha Aman , Rakesh Ambati , Jha Ratan , Avinash Koraddi
Published: July 2024

The risk of thromboembolic complications, including recurrence, remains elevated in renal transplant recipients. We discuss two young patients seven and eight years post renal transplant with recurrent venous thrombosis necessitating indefinite anticoagulation. One patient received tenecteplase for pulmonary thromboembolism twice without any complication.
ВЫБОР БЕСПИЛОТНЫХ ЛЕТАТЕЛЬНЫХ АППАРАТОВ ДЛЯ ЦИФРОВОГО СЕЛЬСКОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА
Authors: Koshkarov A.V.
Published: July 2024

Agriculture as an element of ensuring food security of countries plays an important role in the world and regional economy. The use of digital technologies in agriculture can be one of the sources of growth in the industry. Data in agriculture can be collected using various mechanisms, including the use of unmanned aerial vehicles. This article discusses the selection of unmanned aerial vehicles for agriculture and gives recommendations to farmers on the choice of drones for data collection and monitoring. For example, it is possible to collect useful information on the state of agricultural fields (the size of fields, the level of germination, the state of vegetation) with the help of drones. The basis of this study is an overview of the relevant literature on the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in agriculture in different countries and the author's own experience in implementing the project with the use of an agricultural drone in the experimental fields of the Astrakhan State University. In addition, a survey of farmers of the Astrakhan region was conducted to identify the most demanded areas of agriculture for monitoring in order to increase the effectiveness of decision-making.

Сельское хозяйство как элемент обеспечения продовольственной безопасности стран играет большую роль в мировой и региональной экономике. Использование цифровых технологий в агроиндустрии может стать одним из источников роста отрасли. Данные в сельском хозяйстве могут быть собраны с помощью разных механизмов, в том числе с использованием беспилотных летательных аппаратов. В данной статье рассматриваются вопросы выбора беспилотных летательных аппаратов для сельского хозяйства и даются рекомендации фермерам по выбору дронов для сбора данных. В частности, с помощью дронов можно собирать необходимую информацию о состоянии сельскохозяйственных полей (размер полей, уровень всхожести, уровень растительности). Основу данного исследования составляет обзор релевантной литературы по использованию беспилотных летательных аппаратов в сельском хозяйстве в разных странах и собственный опыт автора по реализации проекта с использованием агродрона на экспериментальных полях Астраханского государственного университета. Дополнительно был проведен опрос фермеров Астраханской области на предмет выявления наиболее востребованных областей сельского хозяйства для мониторинга с целью повышения эффективности принятия решений.
PREDICTION OF EYE-DIAGRAM PARAMETERS FROM TRANSIENT AND GAIN-FREQUENCY CHARACTERISTICS USING NEURAL NETWORK
Authors: Смирнов А.В.
Published: July 2024

Исследована возможность оценки ширины и высоты глазка глазковой диаграммы (ГД) с применением искусственных нейронных сетей (ИНС). С этой целью выполнено моделирование более 750 примеров каналов связи с различными передаточными функциями. Для каждого примера сформирована ГД путем свертки случайной последовательности импульсов с импульсной характеристикой канала и измерены ее параметры. Полученные результаты использованы для обучения ИНС, входными переменными которых являются параметры переходной характеристики: длительность задержки, длительность фронта, величина выброса и длительность колебательного процесса, а также значение АЧХ на частоте, равной половине тактовой частоты. Для каждого оцениваемого параметра отобрано несколько ИНС для разных поддиапазонов входных переменных. Среднеквадратическая погрешность оценки искомых параметров ГД с помощью этих ИНС составляет 2 - 4%. Коэффициент корреляции оценок и известных значений более 0,98. При этом достигается значительный выигрыш в затратах времени на расчет по сравнению с получением значений ширины и высоты глазка путем моделирования ГД. Изложенный метод может использоваться в процессе оптимизации характеристик канала связи в случаях, когда параметры ГД входят в целевую функцию.

A capability of prediction of the eye-diagram width and height with using artificial neural network (ANN) was investigated. For this purpose, were simulated more than 750 examples of telecommunication channels with different transfer functions. Eye-diagrams were composed for all examples by means of convolution of random pulse sequence and pulse response and parameters of these eye-diagrams were measured. Some ANN was learned. Their input variables were transient characteristic delay time, raise time, magnitude of voltage peak and oscillation duration as well as a gain value at the half of clock rate. For each of predicted parameters distinct ANN was chosen for different ranges of input variables. Root mean square errors of eye-diagram parameters prediction using these ANN were in the range of 2 - 4%. Correlation coefficient of predicted and known values was more then 0,98. Sufficient decreasing of computational time is achieved compare with estimation of the eye width and height using eye-diagram modeling. This method can be used for optimization of communication channel characteristics when eye-diagram parameters are the components of the goal function.
FUZZY COGNITIVE MODELING OF DEMAND CONTROL SYSTEM FOR EXPRESS LOANS
Authors: Горемыкина Г.И. , Щукина Н.А.
Published: July 2024

Внедрение инновационных инструментов для достижения наибольшей эффективности работы банков считается одной из основных идей современной банковской системы. Интеллектуализация математического моделирования и, в частности, нечёткий когнитивный подход позволяют осуществлять интеллектуальный процесс принятия решений, так как дают возможность моделировать рассуждения человека, учитывать его когницию. В статье предлагается нечёткий когнитивный подход к моделированию спроса на экспресс-кредиты, а также системы управления им. Моделируемая система представляется в виде нечёткого ориентированного взвешенного мультиграфа с передаваемым по нему импульсным воздействием. Процесс моделирования реализуется в виде последовательного выполнения следующих этапов: определение цели; построение нечёткой когнитивной карты; динамическое моделирование с применением аппарата импульсных процессов; анализ сценариев развития ситуации и выбор лучшего. В качестве инструментария компьютерного моделирования используется программная система поддержки принятия решений «ИГЛА». Разработанная модель системы управления служит основой для анализа тенденций развития различных ситуаций, возникающих при работе банков в сегменте экспресс-кредитования. Она позволяет прогнозировать и моделировать стратегии поведения в ответ на внешние воздействия, а также определять траектории управления, которые позволяют увеличивать спрос на экспресс-кредиты.

One of the main ideas to achieve the banks highest efficiency is the introduction of innovative tools considered. Intellectualization of mathematical modeling and, in particular, fuzzy cognitive approach allow to carry out intellectual decision-making process. This process give the chance modeling the person reasoning and consider his cognition. The article proposes a fuzzy cognitive approach to modeling the Express loans demand and its management system. The modeling system is represented as the fuzzy weighted oriented multigraph with transmitted impulse transmitted. The system model is implemented in the form of sequential execution of the following stages: the purpose definition; the fuzzy cognitive map construction; dynamic modeling using the impulse processes; the scenario analysis situation and the choice of the best. The program decision support system "Quill" as computer modeling tool is used. The developed model of the management system serves as the basis for the trends analysis in the development of various situations that arise during the banks work in Express loaning. It allows to predict and model behavior strategies in response to external influences, as well as to determine the management paths that allow to increase the Express loans demand.
THE AUTOMATIZATION OF CHEMICAL FORMULAS COMPARISON
Authors: Вайнгольц Н.А. , Верещак Г.А. , Коробкин Д.М. , Фоменков С.А.
Published: July 2024

Эксперту патентного ведомства для установления уникальности патентируемой технологии необходимо провести сравнение патентной заявки с документами патентного массива и удостовериться в отсутствии полных аналогов изобретения. При анализе патентов химических классов требуется сравнивать химические формулы, которые могут быть приведены в различных форматах: MOL, InChi, SMILES, структурная формула, молекулярный отпечаток. В данной работе описывается разработка программного модуля, автоматизирующего процедуры конвертации различных способов формализации химической формулы, сравнения формул химических соединений в патентной заявке и документах патентного массива, выявления патентов-аналогов на основе результатов сравнения химических соединений, содержащихся в патентах. Сравнение химических формул производится на основе вычисления схожести молекулярных отпечатков с использованием коэффициента Танимото. Коэффициент схожести патентов вычисляется на основе максимальных значений коэффициента Танимото для набора сравниваемых химических соединений из патентов. Программный модуль реализован на языке Java с использованием технологии Spring Framework, СУБД H2 и библиотеки Chemistry Development Kit (CDK). Реализованный программный модуль показал высокую эффективность (высокая полнота и точность поиска патентов-аналогов на основе химических формул, низкие значения потери информации и информационный шум) при проверке на тестовом патентном массиве.

An expert of the patent office to establish the uniqueness of the patented technology, it is necessary to compare the patent application with the patents and make sure that there are no analogues of the invention. When analyzing patents of chemical classes, it is required to compare chemical formulas that can be given in different formats: MOL, InChi, SMILES, structural formula, molecular fingerprint. This paper describes the development of a software that automates the procedures: conversion of various formalization of the chemical formula, comparison of chemical formulas from the patent application and patents, identification of patents-analogues based on the results of comparison of chemical formulas. Comparison of chemical formulas is based on the calculation of the similarity of molecular fingerprints using the Tanimoto coefficient. The coefficient of similarity of patents is calculated based on the maximum values of the Tanimoto coefficient for a set of compared chemical compounds from patents. The software is developed on Java using the Spring Framework technology, the H2, and the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK). The software showed a high performance (high recall and precision of the patent search on the basis of chemical formulas, the lowest values of the information loss and noise).
MODELING RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN RETAIL EXPRESS-LOANING ON THE KEY RISK INDICATORS
Authors: Горемыкина Г.И. , Щукина Н.А.
Published: July 2024

Банковский сектор является одной из важнейших структур рыночной экономики, который в условиях её цифровизации требует в области кредитования внедрения нового принципа перехода от оперативного реагирования к интеграции управления рисками и процессов стратегического планирования и управления эффективностью деятельности банка. Наметившаяся тенденция увеличения объёмов экспресс-кредитования (синоним POS-кредитования) приводит к увеличению необходимости развития формализованных средств моделирования и анализа процессов экспресс-кредитования. Поэтому предметом исследования являются формализованные средства моделирования и анализа процессов экспресс-кредитования. Цель исследования - экономико-математическое моделирование системы управления рисками в розничном экспресс-кредитовании. Для достижения цели предлагается методология интеллектуального моделирования на базе нечёткой логики, являющейся представителем класса многозначных логик, принадлежащих одному из направлений исследований современной неклассической логики. В основу модели системы управления положена система ключевых показателей и индикаторов рисков в банковском секторе. Компьютерная реализация математической модели произведена в вычислительной среде MatLab. Внедрение предлагаемой авторами системы позволит проводить детализированный мониторинг процессов экспресс-кредитования банка и происходящих в них изменений и, как следствие, позволит решать задачи управления и принятия решений в условиях неопределённости, отличной от стохастической.

The banking sector is one of the most important structures of the market economy. In the field of loaning in the context of the digital economy requires the introduction of a new transition principle from rapid response to the risk management integration and strategic planning processes and performance management of the Bank. There has been a tendency to increase the volume of Express loaning. This leads to an increase in the need for the development of formal modeling means and the Express loaning processes analysis. The study purpose is to create and computer implementation of risk management system mathematical model in retail Express loaning. To achieve this goal, the methodology of intelligent modeling is proposed. Fuzzy logic is chosen as a modeling tool, which is successfully used to simulate the management processes of various economic systems in conditions of uncertainty, different from stochastic. The management system model is based on a system of key risk indicators in the banking sector. Computer implementation of the mathematical model was carried out in the MatLab computing environment. The introduction of the system proposed by the authors will allow for detailed monitoring of the Bank's Express loaning processes and the changes taking place in them and to move from strategic behavior to meaningful and consistent strategic management.
THE PROBLEM OF THE SELECTION OF A NEURAL NETWORK MODEL FOR PREDICTING THE STREAMS OF DATA OF DISTRIBUTED INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Authors: Акопов В.О. , Сорокин С.А. , Кравец О.Я.
Published: July 2024

Объектом исследования в работе являются распределенные информационные системы, на вход которых поступает поток заявок, требующих для своего обслуживания выполнения определенных ресурсов. Предметом исследования является прогнозирование потоков данных в таких системах. Цель работы заключается в анализе проблемы выбора нейросетевой модели для прогнозирования потоков данных распределенных информационных систем. Проанализирована специфика исследуемой задачи, а также подходы к решению на основе теории систем массового обслуживания. Сделан вывод о недостаточной адекватности таких систем в условиях динамического изменения состояния. В связи с этим возникла необходимость разработки собственного специализированного математического и алгоритмического аппарата. В результате предложен подход к сокращению объема выборки на основе совмещения нейросетевой модели с численным методом, учитывающим известные закономерности функции и освобождающим нейросеть от прогнозирования этих закономерностей. Специфика математического аппарата потребовала использования соответствующего алгоритмического обеспечения для ее решения. Таким образом, проведен анализ проблемы выбора нейросетевой модели для прогнозирования потоков данных распределенных информационных систем.

The object of research in the work are distributed information systems, at the entrance of which comes a stream of requests that require the implementation of certain resources for their service. The subject of research is the prediction of data flows in such systems. The purpose of the work is to analyze the problem of choosing a neural network model for predicting the data flows of distributed information systems. The specificity of the studied problem is analyzed, as well as approaches to the solution based on the theory of queuing systems. The conclusion is drawn about the insufficient adequacy of such systems under conditions of a dynamic change of state. In this regard, it became necessary to develop their own specialized mathematical and algorithmic apparatus. As a result, an approach was proposed to reduce the sample size on the basis of combining the neural network model with a numerical method that takes into account the known regularities of the function and exempts the neural network from predicting these regularities. The specificity of the mathematical apparatus required the use of appropriate algorithmic support for its solution. Thus, the analysis of the problem of choosing a neural network model for predicting the data flows of distributed information systems was carried out.
STRUCTURE OF THE TASKS OF MODELING, NUMERICAL METHODS AND SOFTWARE TOOLS OF OPTIMIZATION OF QUALITATIVE FUNCTIONING OF NETWORK OBJECTS IN MULTI-ASPECT ENVIRONMENT OF INFORMATION MONITORING
Authors: Швиндт А.Н.
Published: July 2024

Дана характеризация процесса функционирования сетевых объектов в многоаспектной среде информационного мониторинга. Рассмотрены основные аспекты оценивания качества функционирования в условиях цифровизации. Показана необходимость разработки объектно-ориентированных методов математического моделирования и численной оптимизации исследуемого процесса. Обоснован двухуровневый характер упорядоченности элементов многоаспектной среды информационного мониторинга и возможность их представления в виде нумерационных множеств. Приведены основные классы преобразований нумерационных множеств. Оценена зависимость большинства преобразований от экспертных оценок при взаимодействии объединения сетевых объектов с управляющим центром и потребителями результатов функционирования. Предложены виды математического моделирования и методы их реализации, которые соответствуют преобразованиям нумерационных множеств: структурное, статистическое, экспертно-агрегационное, экспертно-классификационное, экспертно-оптимизационное. При этом экспертно-оптимизационное моделирование направлено на последовательную редукцию вариантов качественного функционирования сетевых объектов с использованием численных методов рандомизированного поиска и экспертного оценивания.

A characterization of the functioning of network objects in a multi-dimensional information monitoring environment is given. The main aspects of the evaluation of the quality of functioning in the conditions of digitalization are considered. The necessity of development of object-oriented methods of mathematical modeling and numerical optimization of the process under study is shown. The two-level nature of the orderliness of the elements of a multidimensional information monitoring environment and the possibility of their representation in the form of numeric sets are substantiated. The main classes of numeric sets transformations are given. The dependence of the majority of transformations on expert assessments in the interaction of the incorporation of network objects with the managing centre and consumers of the results of the operation are evaluated. The types of mathematical modeling and methods for their implementation that correspond to the transformations of the numeric sets: structural, statistical, expert-aggregation, expert-classification, expert-optimization are proposed. At the same time, expert optimization modeling is aimed at the sequential reduction of variants of qualitative functioning of network objects with the use of numerical methods of randomized search and expert evaluation.
GRAMMATICAL APPROACH TO THE DESCRIPTION AND ANALYSIS OF THE GOALS OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
Authors: Ганичева А.В. , Ганичев А.В.
Published: July 2024

Актуальность исследования обусловлена сложностью и важностью проблемы определения и описания целей в учебном процессе. Важность решения данной проблемы определяется тем, что без правильной постановки и согласования целей образовательной организации невозможно функционирование ни одного учебного заведения. Реализуемый в настоящее время в системе образования компетентностный подход выдвигает новые, повышенные требования к целеполаганию, включая конечную результативность поставленных целей. Для описания иерархической структуры целей необходима их формализация (построение математической модели целей). В настоящее время не существует универсального метода разработки таких моделей. В статье излагается метод описания и анализа целей учебного процесса с помощью математического аппарата формальных КС-грамматик. В качестве примера применения разработанного метода построена грамматика для описания целей кафедр в рамках межпредметного обучения. Показан пример вывода грамматической цепочки для куста зависимостей. Построено дерево синтаксического подчинения. Материалы статьи представляют практическую ценность, так как могут найти применение не только в учебном процессе и других областях социальной сферы (культуре, здравоохранении и т. д.), но и в системах производственно-экономической сферы.

The relevance of the study is due to the complexity and importance of the problem of definition and description of goals in the educational process. The importance of solving this problem is determined by the fact that without the correct formulation and coordination of the goals of the educational organization it is impossible to operate any educational institution. Currently implemented in the education system competence approach puts forward new, increased requirements for goal-setting, including the ultimate effectiveness of the goals. To describe the hierarchical structure of the goals it is necessary to formalize them (to build a mathematical model of the goals). Currently, there is no universal method for developing such models. The article describes the method of description and analysis of the educational process using the mathematical apparatus of formal KS-grammars. As an example of application of the developed method the grammar for the description of the purposes of departments within interdisciplinary training is constructed. Shows an example of the grammar chain for the hive dependencies. The tree of syntactic subordination is constructed. The materials of the article are of practical value, as they can be used not only in the educational process and other areas of the social sphere (culture, health, etc.), but also in the systems of industrial and economic sphere
FORECESSION ELECTROMYOGRAPHY RECOGNITION AND GESTURES SELECTION FOR PROTESIS CONTROL
Authors: Будко Р.Ю. , Будко Н.А. , Будко А.Ю.
Published: July 2024

В настоящее время почти не осталось сфер человеческой деятельности, которых не касается автоматизация, получившая наибольшую популярность за последние несколько лет. На сегодняшний момент большую известность приобрели методы, которые основаны по принципу организации и функционирования биологических нейронных сетей. В статье приведен аналитический обзор возможностей применения искусственных нейронных сетей (ИНС) при разработке интерфейсов человек – машина, основанных на различных физических принципах взаимодействия с организмом человека. Данный интерфейс обеспечивает взаимодействие пользователя с управляемыми им машинами. Приведены примеры использования интерфейсов человек – машина в бытовой, медицинской и военных областях. Эффективность обусловлена гибкостью, нелинейностью, быстродействием и обучаемостью систем, основанных на нейронных сетях. Таким образом, пользователи могут проводить контроль процесса с большой точностью, добиваясь наилучшего результата. Рассмотрены вопросы применения ИНС в системах управления техническими объектами, основанных на распознавании естественной речи, отслеживании направления взгляда, анализе электрической активности головного мозга и мышечных волокон человека. Описаны задачи предварительной обработки информации, классификации, анализа результата, полученного с помощью обработки нейронной сетью.

The relevance of this study is due to one of the main problems existing today in the field of building man-machine interfaces - is the creation of an effective management system that interacts directly with the user and external devices replacing functions (prostheses, wheelchairs, etc.). In this regard, this work is devoted to the study of the possibility of using physiological gestures from the daily life of a person to control the prosthesis with the safety of the forearm for at least one third. The leading approach to the study of this problem is the use of methods of statistical processing of experimental data, digital signal processing, machine learning algorithms and pattern recognition. This approach allows a comprehensive study of the electromyogram (EMG) of the forearm when making voluntary movements at different levels of the implementation of the myo-control system. The article presents the results of the EMG study recorded for 11 arbitrary movements from a group of subjects, describes the procedure for pre-processing the EMG and identifying characteristic features for signal recognition, discloses a method for classifying movements using an artificial neural network based on radial basic functions (RBF). Eight of the most suitable for classification movements were identified and ranked according to the classification accuracy: relaxation (like zero movement), hand opening, fist, hand flexion, hand supination, hand extension, hand pronation, pinch. The materials of the article are of practical value for building systems based on the human-machine interface, as well as for classification tasks in electrophysiology applications.
MODEL FORMATION PLANS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN AREAS
Authors: Бурковский В.Л. , Баркалов С.A. , Курочка П.Н. , Пинаева М.А.
Published: July 2024

Рассматриваются задачи оптимальной (по стоимости) застройки района с учетом ограничений на требуемую площадь жилых помещений, и на площадь земельного участка, отведенного под строительство жилых зданий. Задача оптимальной застройки района была рассмотрена для случай линейной зависимости стоимости строительства от числа домов каждого типа. Результаты обобщаются на случай вогнутых зависимостей стоимости строительства от числа домов каждого типа. Рассматриваются такие частные случаи, когда количества жилой площади для всех домов равны либо площади, требуемые для строительства дома также равны для всех домов. Первоначально рассматривается алгоритм решения задачи для непрерывного случая. В этого варианта доказывается, что оптимальным решением задачи будет являться решение, в котором из числа проектов, включаемых в производственную программу, только для одного проекта число домов может быть меньше максимально допустимого, выбираемое из соображений архитектурного разнообразия. Определены условия, когда результаты этого утверждения будут справедливы и для целочисленного решения. Для решения поставленной задачи предлагается использование метода ветвей и границ. Основная трудность в реализации этой схемы заключается в необходимости получения нижних оценок для решаемой задачи. С этой целью предлагается использовать процедуру овыпукления функций затрат, направляемых на выполнение намеченной производственной программы.

We consider the problem of optimal (at a cost) development of the area, taking into account the restrictions on the required area of residential premises, and on the area of the land plot allocated for the construction of residential buildings. The problem of optimal development of the area was considered for the case of linear dependence of the construction cost on the number of houses of each type. The results are summarized for the case of concave dependencies of construction costs on the number of houses of each type. We consider such special cases when the amount of living space for all houses is equal or the area required for building a house is also equal for all houses. Initially, an algorithm for solving the problem for the continuous case is considered. In this variant, it is proved that the optimal solution to the problem will be a solution in which from the number of projects included in the production program for only one project the number of houses may be less than the maximum allowed, chosen for reasons of architectural diversity. The conditions are determined when the results of this statement will be valid for the integer solution. To solve the problem, the use of the branch and bound method is proposed. The main difficulty in implementing this scheme is the need to obtain lower bounds for the problem being solved. For this purpose, it is proposed to use the procedure of convexing cost functions directed to the execution of the intended production program.
ANALYSIS OF TOOLS AND AUTOMATION EQUIPMENT FOR ELECTRONIC COMMERCE
Authors: Вершинина Г.Н. , Дрейзис Ю.И. , Бурунин О.А.
Published: July 2024

Интернет-коммерция является достаточно новым видом экономической деятельности для современной России. Организация бизнеса посредством Интернет-торговли позволяет повысить конкурентоспособность компании.В статье раскрыты преимущества и недостатки Интернет-коммерции для компаний, потребителей и общества. Рассмотрены виды организации Web-сайтов для ведения электронной коммерции предприятий. Проанализированы существующие программные комплексы для создания веб-сайтов предприятий и ведения ими электронной коммерции.На основе проведенного сравнительного анализа различных инструментов, таких, например, как конструкторы сайтов, CMS-системы и генераторы сайтов, был сделан анализ существующих подходов к выбору средств автоматизации для электронной коммерции. Предложена методика выбора CMS-системы для внедрения вариантов электронной коммерции на предприятии. Разработанная методика выбора средств автоматизации электронной коммерции может быть использована предприятиями и организациями для создания ими веб-сайтов (электронных порталов) по организации электронных продаж или предоставлению услуг через Интернет.

E-commerce is a new kind of economic activity in modern Russia. Doing business via the Internet commerce can improve the competitiveness of the company. The article reveals the advantages and disadvantages of Internet commerce for companies, consumers and society. Types of the organization of the Websites for conducting electronic commerce of the enterprises are considered. The existing program complexes for creation of websites of the enterprises and conducting electronic commerce by them are analyzed. The analysis of the existing approaches to the choice of the automation equipment of electronic commerce on the basis of the carried-out contrastive analysis of different tools, such, for example, as designers of the websites, CMS systems and generators of the websites was made. The technique of the choice of a CMS system for implementation of electronic commerce at the enterprise is considered and the basic concepts of efficiency of electronic commerce are analyzed. The technique of the choice of the automation equipment of electronic commerce, which can be used by the enterprises and the organizations for creation of websites by them (electronic portals) on the organization of electronic sales or provision of services via the Internet, is as a result developed