bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on Model-Based Control of the Cable-Conduit Drive System
Authors: Sugano Shigeki ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Waseda University, Matsumoto Osamu , Muto Shin-yo ,   Robotics Department of Mechanical Engineering Laboratory of MITI,   NIT Human Interface Laboratories Autonomous Robot Systems Laboratory
Published: August 2016

The cable-conduit system, one of the remote drive system, is advantageous for integrating multiple-degrees of freedom. However, from the perspective of accurate motion control, a difference is caused between the actuator motion and the joint motion because a considerable friction between the cable and the conduit which varies according to the change in cable route. Therefore, the behaviors of cable must be clarified in order to realize highly accurate motion control. The objective of this study is to clarify the relationship between the actuator motion and the joint motion and to establish the motion control technique of the cable-conduit system. The present paper discusses the model-based control of the cable system. First, we modelled the cable-conduit system using the bend angles and the number of roots and crests of cable. Next, for precisely expressing the behaviors during start-up, we formulated the relationship between the actuator torque and the joint motion in consideration of the static friction and the kinetic friction. In addition, we verified the effectiveness of this formula through an experiment. As a result of the verification experiment, the motion computed from the formula strictly coincided with the actual behavior, thus displaying the effectiveness of the model.
A Method for Measuring Depth Using Fuzzy Reasoning and a Modified Implicit Function
Authors: Yamaha Kazuo ,   Mechanical Engineering Laboratory, AIST,, Tominaga Hiroshi , Nakamura Tatsuya , Miyake Yoichi ,   Ibaraki Prefectural Industrial Engineering Center,,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mie University,,   Faculty of Engineering, Chiba University,
Published: August 2016

Many scientists and engineers are interested in three-dimensional (3-D) vision for robots. The focus of this paper is to describe a newly developed measuring technique for 3-D robot vision which employs a blurred image method to obtain depth perception. The measuring system consists of only one camera and an image processor. Several basic experiments were done using a checkered 3-D object and a new type of modified fuzzy reasoning. A new membership function is defined from two kinds of equations using a modified implicit function. As a result, the relationship between the measured distance and the estimated distance was found to be linear. This blurred image method together with fuzzy reasoning was found to be very effective in depth measurement of 3-D objects.
Use of Data Mining for Prediction of Customer Loyalty
Authors: Wijaya Andri , Girsang Abba Suganda
Published: August 2016

This  article  discusses  the  analysis  of  customer  loyalty  using  three  data  mining  methods:  C4.5,Naive Bayes, and Nearest Neighbor Algorithms and real-world  empirical  data.  The  data  contain  ten  attributes related to the customer loyalty and are obtained from a national  multimedia  company  in  Indonesia.  The  dataset contains 2269 records. The study also evaluates the effects of  the  size  of  the  training  data  to  the  accuracy  of  the classification.  The  results  suggest  that  C4.5  algorithm produces   highest classification   accuracy   at   the   order of  81%  followed  by  the  methods  of  Naive  Bayes  76% and  Nearest  Neighbor  55%.  In  addition,  the  numerical evaluation  also  suggests  that  the  proportion  of  80%  is optimal  for  the  training  set.
Development of A Web-Based Information System for Material Inventory Control: The Case of An Automotive Company
Authors: Wibisono Renjana Setyoandara , Sofianti Tanika D , Awibowo Setijo
Published: August 2016

Inventory control is controlling the materials movement to fulfill the requirements. The materials can from the direct and indirect materials. the indirect materials are the materials that cannot be calculated according to the bill of materials. Indirect materials need safety stocks, so the requirements can always be fulfilled, means it need the control and monitoring of their levels. To control the movement of the materials, each department have roles to control and information that need to be shared. PT XYZ is an automotive assembler company, the company need a tool to control the indirect materials inbound and outbound and control its stock. This research is to have the tool that will be a web-based program because to share the information throughout the department of planning, production, and logistics. In developing and implementing the program itself, the RUP methodology is used to guide in doing this research with having four phases and activities that support the research. The result is the program itself have been successful to fulfilled the user requirements. The program shows the real time information for the levels of the materials and also the inbound and outbound of the materials for the user to monitor its levels.
The Effects of E-Tourism to The Development of Tourism Sector in Indonesia
Authors: Jonathan Claresta Janice , Tarigan Riswan
Published: August 2016

Indonesia is a nation that ethnically and culturally unique and diverse. It has potentials to leverage the growth of its tourism sector. The sector has become important to boost not only regional and also  nation- wide economic development. It can be growth further to a much larger scale by effectively utilising the pervasiveness of the information and communication technology (ICT). For example, ICT may facilitate the growth with e- tourism, which is an Internet-based marketing method. This work intends to understand the potential of using e-tourism and its effects on the development of  the  sector. Specifically, the study evaluates how the aspects  of marketing, business, and e-tourism are affected by the use of ICT and how they affect the growth of the tourism industry. A multivariate regression model is constructed to assess the case quantitatively. The empirical model suggests that the e-tourism may contribute the growth of the tourism sector by about 40%.
Geometric Model for Human Body Orientation Classification
Authors: Ardiyanto Igi
Published: August 2016

This  paper proposes  an approach  for cal- culating  and estimating  human body orientation  using geometric model. A novel framework integrating gradient shape and texture model of the human body orientation is proposed.  The gradient  is a natural way for describing the human  shapes, while the texture  explains the body characteristic. The framework  is then combined with the random  forest classifier to obtain a robust  class  differ- ence  of the human body orientation. Experiments and comparison results are provided to show the advantages of our system over state-of-the-art. For both modeled and un-modeled gradient-texture  features with random forest classifier, they achieve the highest accuracy on separating each human orientation   class, respectively  56.9% and 67.3% for TUD-Stadtmitte  dataset.
Analysis of Relationship between Three Dimensions of Quality, User Satisfaction, and E-Learning Usage of Binus Online Learning
Authors: Yosep Yosep
Published: August 2016

Information technology has  affected  various sectors including the education sector. In the sector, information technology has brought us long distance  education,  which  relies  heavily  on  the  use   of e-learning management system. In Indonesia, Bina Nusantara University is the first and foremost long distance  education  institution.  The  institution  has  been developing and using an e-learning management system for a number of years. This work intends to evaluate to which extent the system is able to enhance e-learning experiences. We adopted the DeLone and McLean’s Information System success model and empirically measured the relation between the aspects of system quality, information quality, service quality, user satisfaction, and net benefits. From a population of the size 311 students, we have collected 149 responses using questionnaires by randomly selecting the participating students. The responses were used to establish a multi-variate regression model where the relationships were established. The model suggested that information quality, system quality, and service quality had positive impacts on user satisfaction with the p-values of 0.014, 0.014, and 0.000 respectively. In addition, the study also found that user satisfaction was strongly and positively affected by the net  benefits.
Web-Based Implementation of E-Marketing to Support Product Marketing of Chemical Manufacturing Company
Authors: Tarigan Riswan Efendi , Dewi Kartika Sari
Published: August 2016

Currently, many company’s marketing strategies are limited only to face-to-face communication, telephone, facsimile, company portfolio, and product brochures. However, those marketing strategies are well- known to have limited impacts. Therefore, the presence of e-marketing as one of the marketing strategies would be appropriate to cover the weaknesses and to solve a number of the marketing problems. The purpose of this study is to discuss matters related to marketing, such    as, proposing a marketing plan using website, expanding marketing segment, and introducing existing  products for a chemical manufacturing company. The adopted research method is a descriptive method where the study is directly performed on the research object to acquire necessary data. The collected data are further analyzed using the Porter’s Five Force and SWOT analysis. Fi- nally, the work provides a number of recommendations for implementing e-marketing strategies to support the company business.
Inter-annual variations of Poyang Lake area during dry seasons: characteristics and implications
Authors: Li Mengfan , Zhang Qi , Li Yunliang , Yao Jing , Tan Zhiqiang
Published: August 2016

Variations in a lake area constitute an important indicator of the modifications of the lake hydrology. This paper explores the inter-annual variations of the Poyang Lake area during the dry seasons occurring within the 1961 to 2010 period and further quantifies the severity of dryness recently endured during the 2000s. A physically based hydrodynamic model of Poyang Lake established the relation between the lake area and lake level. The lake area was calculated using the observed lake water level. Results indicated the average lake area in the dry seasons was 1,015 km2. There was a considerable inter-annual variation of the minimum lake area that varied from 702.8 km2 to 1,259.7 km2. Poyang Lake experienced the most severe dryness in the 2000s, resulting in an average lake area during 2001 to 2010 of 124 km2 less than that of the preceding period. During the dry seasons, the catchment of the river discharge is likely the primary cause of the changes in lake area. This study evaluated the inter-annual variations of the Poyang Lake over a period of 50 years. Our results may provide support for an integrated management of the lake-catchment system, securing the water supply.
Improvement of an integrated system of membrane bioreactor and worm reactor by phosphorus removal using additional post-chemical treatment
Authors: Liu Jia , Zuo Wei , Tian Yu , Zhang Jun , Li Hui , Li Lipin
Published: August 2016

A membrane bioreactor (MBR) coupled with a worm reactor (SSBWR) was designed as SSBWR-MBR for sewage treatment and excess sludge reduction. However, total phosphorus (TP) release caused by worm predation in the SSBWR could increase the effluent TP concentration in the SSBWR-MBR. To decrease the amount of TP excreted, chemical treatment reactor was connected after the SSBWR-MBR to remove the excess phosphorus (P). The effects of chemical treatment at different time intervals on the performance of the SSBWR-MBR were assessed. The results showed that a maximum TP removal efficiency of 21.5 ± 1.0% was achieved in the SSBWR-MBR after chemical treatment. More importantly, a higher sulfate concentration induced by chemical treatment could promote TP release in the SSBWR, which provided further TP removal from the SSBWR-MBR. Additionally, chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency of the SSBWR-MBR was increased by 1.3% after effective chemical treatment. In the SSBWR-MBR, the chemical treatment had little effects on NH3-N removal and sludge production. Eventually, chemical treatment also alleviated the membrane fouling in the SSBWR-MBR. In this work, the improvement on TP, COD removal and membrane fouling alleviation was achieved in the SSBWR-MBR using additional chemical treatment.
Removal of methylene blue dye from water by a spent bleaching earth biosorbent
Authors: Belhaine Ali , Ghezzar Mouffok Redouane , Abdelmalek Fatiha , Tayebi Kamel , Ghomari Abdelhamid , Addou Ahmed
Published: August 2016

This work is about the valorization of spent bleaching earth (SBE) at low cost from the AFIA oil refinery in Algeria's western region. The biowaste has been burned to eliminate the oil traces, then it has been valorized in two ways: (i) chemically, using phosphoric acid to obtain SBEC and (ii) thermally at 750 °C to create SBEH. The obtained materials were used for the first time as biosorbents in the wastewater treatment field. The three biomaterials show very interesting adsorption properties, with specific surfaces of 194.2, 784.6 and 888.5 m2 g−1 for SBE, SBEC and SBEH, respectively. The analysis has revealed that the obtained materials are alumino-silicates. The three biowastes have been used to remove methylene blue dye from water. The dye was totally eliminated by a physisorption mechanism in the presence of 1 g L−1 of each biowaste after 8, 10, 20 min of contact time. The highest correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.99) was related to the Langmuir isotherm, indicating a good fit with this model, and explaining the biosorption as a monolayer process. According to this model, the adsorption capacities were 123.3, 185.2 and 188.7 mg g−1 for SBE, SBEH and SBEC, respectively. This study shows that SBE can be used as an alternative to commercial adsorbents for dye removal from water.
A competitividade das exportações de milho do Brasil para a União Europeia no período de 2000 a 2014
Authors: Bampi Sílvia Letícia , Villanova de Paula Cristiano , Zilli Julcemar Bruno
Published: August 2016

O presente estudo objetiva verificar a competitividade das exportações brasileiras de milho, buscando indícios de criação e/ou desvio de comércio com à União Europeia. Para tanto, será caracterizado o cenário do mercado mundial do grão, descrevendo-se o perfil de comércio entre UE e Brasil e apresentando os principais estudos empíricos relacionados. A mensuração dos Índices de Vantagens Comparativas Reveladas (IVCR) e do Índice de Orientação Regional (IOR) auxiliará na identificação das vantagens comparativas do milho brasileiro. Os principais resultados do IOR elencam que as exportações de milho do Brasil não estão orientadas para a UE com exceção dos anos de 2003, 2004, 2006, 2007 e 2008. Da mesma forma, o IVCR identificou que o país não apresenta vantagem comparativa revelada na produção de milho em relação ao período analisado. A ampliação e integração dos mercados agrícolas pode ser capaz de impulsionar os fluxos comerciais entre os países envolvidos, permitindo crescimento e desenvolvimento das economias, através do livre comércio.
El empresariado en Bogotá: 1830-1930
Authors: Berdugo C Elber
Published: August 2016

La investigación sobre el desarrollo industrial de Bogotá para el periodo 1900-1930 está por hacerse. Hasta el momento no existe un trabajo que dé cuenta del proceso de industrialización en cuanto a sus orígenes y afianzamiento; de los factores que los propiciaron y de los principales agentes propulsores. No se sabe a ciencia cierta cuántas empresas se constituyeron, fecha de creación, características (tipo de sociedad, sectores en que se ubicaron, monto de la inversión, procedencia y tamaño). Tampoco se conoce plenamente la procedencia de los empresarios (extracción social, nacionalidad -de la ciudad, de otras regiones del país, de otros países-). Así mismo, falta profundizar en lo tocante a las actividades económicas de los empresarios, mentalidad (económica, comportamiento ético), y caracterizarlos (innovadores, arriesgados, aprovechadores de oportunidades). Igualmente, no se ha ahondado en lo concerniente al papel desempeñado por el Estado y el capital extranjero en el mismo proceso. Finalmente, falta todavía dilucidar el impacto que ocasionaron algunos acontecimientos externos (Primera Guerra Mundial, crisis económica de los comienzos de los veintes y la Gran Depresión) en la actividad industrial de la Capital de la República.
Evaluación de la calidad del compost producido a partir de subproductos agroindustriales de caña de azúcar
Authors: Bohórquez Alexander , Puentes Yina , Menjivar Juan Carlos
Published: August 2016

Los subproductos frescos de la industria azucarera (cachaza, bagazo y vinaza) incorporados al suelo generan un impacto negativo sobre las plantas. Por tal motivo, el compost es una alternativa para el aprovechamiento de los subproductos, el cual debe ajustarse a las exigencias de la norma técnica colombiana 5167 para su uso como biofertilizante. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar la calidad del compost elaborado con diferentes combinaciones de subproductos del proceso de molienda de la caña de azúcar (Saccharum officinarum L.). Se establecieron pilas de compostaje en el Ingenio Riopaila-Castilla, Valle del Cauca, Colombia, utilizando un diseño de bloques completos al azar con cinco tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones. Los tratamientos fueron: 100% cachaza (T1), 75% cachaza y 25% bagazo (T2), 50% cachaza y 50% bagazo (T3), 25% cachaza y 75% bagazo (T4), y 100% bagazo (T5), todos suplementados con 2 m3 de vinaza. Las variables de respuesta -pH, conductividad eléctrica, humedad, cenizas, materia orgánica, retención de humedad, relación carbono–nitrógeno, carbono orgánico oxidable total, nitrógeno total, fósforo, calcio, magnesio, potasio, hierro, cobre, manganeso y zinc- se evaluaron al momento de montar las pilas, y a los 42, 51, 59, 73 y 90 días después de iniciado el proceso. Los resultados muestran que la relación carbononitrógeno inicial de las mezclas es fundamental para obtener una buena calidad del compost. El T3 presentó la mejor calidad con el mayor contenido de nutrientes. El tiempo de compostaje que asegura una adecuada maduración con máximo contenido de nutrientes en el compost fue 90 días.
La solubilización de fosfatos como estrategia microbiana para promover el crecimiento vegetal
Authors: Beltrán Pineda Mayra Eleonora
Published: August 2016

Debido a la aplicación constante de insumos químicos en los agroecosistemas, el costo de producción de las cosechas y la calidad ambiental del suelo y agua se ha visto afectada. Los microorganismos realizan la mayoría de los ciclos biogeoquímicos; por tanto, su función es fundamental para mantener el equilibrio de los agroecosistemas. Uno de esos grupos funcionales son los microorganismos solubilizadores de fosfato, reconocidos promotores de crecimiento vegetal. Estas poblaciones microbianas realizan una actividad importante, ya que en muchos suelos se encuentran grandes reservas de fósforo insoluble, resultado de la fijación de gran parte de los fertilizantes fosforados aplicados, que no pueden ser asimilados por la planta. Los microorganismos solubilizadores de fosfato usan diferentes mecanismos de solubilización, como la producción de ácidos orgánicos, que solubilizan dichos fosfatos insolubles en la zona rizosférica. Los fosfatos solubles son absorbidos por la planta, lo cual mejora su crecimiento y productividad. Al utilizar esas reservas de fosfato presentes en los suelos, se disminuye la aplicación de fertilizantes químicos que, por una parte, pueden nuevamente ser fijados por iones Ca, Al o Fe volviéndolos insolubles y, por otra, incrementan los costos de producción de las cosechas.Las poblaciones microbianas han sido ampliamente estudiadas en diferentes tipos de ecosistemas, tanto naturales como agroecosistemas. Gracias a su efectividad en estudios en laboratorio y campo, el fenotipo solubilizador de fosfato es de gran interés para los ecólogos microbianos que han empezado a establecer las bases moleculares de dicho rasgo.
CHARACTER BUILDING DALAM KONSEP PENDIDIKAN IMAM ZARKASYI DITINJAU DARI FILSAFAT MORAL IBNU MISKAWAIH
Authors: Mu'minah Najwa
Published: August 2016

Degradation of moral consciousness, especially in the politic and Indonesian government bureaucracy, in recent times that was pictured by various anomalies and immorality, such as a corruption, has become a negative “cultural norm”, which seem very difficult to be controlled. The condition of national spirit and morality suggested the need of redevelopment of model of character education (character building) as a national healing. Imam Zarkasyi implemented several principles of character building in the Pesantren of Darussalam Gontor. He taught his pupils on the basis of the virtues of the excellences with refer to the Panca Jiwa and the Four Mottos of Modernity of the Pesantren as their living values. His reformative efforts in the context of contemporary Islamic education are actually intended to the development of character, in other words, “character building”, by implementing the principle of the Golden Mean of Ibn Miskawaih. Some aspects of Zarkasyi's principles of education that might be supportive for developing the national character education program, and still relevant for today are: firstly, moral education should have the leadership insights; secondly, moral education should have the objective moral values as the teleological purposes; thirdly, moral education should be built through the best environment, in order to be optimized and efficient; and fourthly, moral education curriculum should be integrated and comprehensive. So, the Zarkasyi's concept of character building, and the education movement became the concept of character education that quite mature and should be extracted by our nation.
KOMPARASI TEORI KEBENARAN MO TZU DAN PANCASILA: RELEVANSI BAGI PENGEMBANGAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Budisutrisna Budisutrisna
Published: August 2016

Mo Tzu's theory of truth and the truth of the theory of Pancasila both using three understand the truth, namely: coherence, correspondence, and paragmatik. However, both theories are necessary dikomparasikan truth. Necessary to find similarities and differences. Then look for relevance to the development of science in Indonesia as a country based on Pancasila. This study is a literature. The method used in this research is a philosophical hermeneutic method, with the following elements: description, historical continuity, comparison and reflection. The results showed that there are some similarities and differences between the theory of truth Mo Tzu and Pancasila. Relevance to the development of science in Indonesia, that the truth must be coherent with the values of Pancasila, should correspond to the reality of God, man, one, people, and fair. In addition, the truth must be beneficial for humanity which believes God, keeps unitary, democratic, and justice.
HATUHAHA AMARIMA LOU NUSA DALAM PERSPEKTIF FILSAFAT KEBUDAYAAN CORNELIS ANTHONIE VAN PEURSEN DAN RELEVANSINYA DENGAN KEUTUHAN BANGSA INDONESIA
Authors: Alexander Uhi Jannes , Soeprapto Sri , Mukhtasar Syamsuddin Muhammad
Published: August 2016

Hatuhaha Amarima Lou Nusa refers to an indigenous group that has a specific culture from ancestors to contemporary times. The content of cultural values of Hatuhaha Amarima is important to be applied to the context of the daily lives of Hatuhaha Amarima Lou Nusa's people in particular and Indonesia in general. This paper aims to reveal the dynamics of historical and cultural forms of Hatuhaha Amarima, and to explore the nature of Hatuhaha Amarima, along with the values which contained in it with Cornelis Anthonie van Peursen's philosophy of culture perspective. The essence of Hatuhaha Amarima are contained with society (human), history, territory, customs and culture, and language. As the result, the study explaints the epistemologycal aspect of Hatuhaha Amarima in its realistic nature. Also, the study finds a cultural polarization of Hatuhaha Amarima that is as monodualistic in its nature, so it is presenting the feel of living together in multiculturalism with relative condition; ethnicity, religion, and culture. One of the most important point of culture that was passed on by people of Hatuhaha Amarima is the relation of I – You. This is existing in the context of kinship systems, family systems and brotherhood. Obviously, the cultural values of Hatuhaha Amarima has tighted connection with Bhineka Tunggal Ika's principles, so that it is important to applicate it to the context of the state living integrity and nation in Indonesia. The soul of cultural values of Hatuhaha Amarima represented of the ideal values of Pancasila and universal values.
LANDASAN ONTOLOGIS SOSIALISME
Authors: Wikandaru Reno , Cahyo Budhi
Published: August 2016

Socialism is an ideology assumed that shared ownership is the best way of life. Socialism did not proposed any private property because it makes people selfish and destroy the community harmony. Socialism wants the organization of production by the state as a suggestion to remove poverty and exploitation. Socialism proposed equal rights for all groups, and classes of people to enjoy prosperity, wealth and prosperity. The state has to secure as much as possible factor of production for the welfare of all the people, and not focused on personal well-being. Socialism assumes that the state is above public institutions that govern society selflessly. The key values in socialism is equality, cooperation, and compassion. The production is done on the basis of usability and not just for the profit. Competition replaced with planning. Every person working for the community and contribute to the common good so that it appears concern for others. Second, the underlying ontological foundation of socialism ideology associated with the ethical nature of man; human nature; and harmony of the society. The ideology of socialism found ethical nature of man is good; human nature is a social being; and assumes that there is harmony in the society.
GERAKAN 30 SEPTEMBER 1965 DALAM PERSPEKTIF FILSAFAT SEJARAH MARXISME
Authors: Permata Harsa
Published: August 2016

The Thirtieth of September Movement 1965 (G30S 1965), is a movement which is very influential in the history of Indonesian society until today. After G30S 1965, freedom of ideology began to be restricted in Indonesia. In addition, the slaughter of millions of human beings, with the reason to eradicate communism, began to take place after G30S 1965. A restriction on freedom of ideology is also touching the academic life. Based on TAP MPRS No.. XXV/1966, the study of Marxism-Leninism ideology is limited. This resulted in the lack of alternative and scientific thought in the academic world in Indonesia. The Thirtieth of September Movement 1965 (G30S 1965), is the manifestation of class contradictions in the Indonesian capitalist society. G30S 1965, emphasize the class contradictions in Indonesian society. Social classes in Indonesian society is a military bourgeoisie represented by the TNI (Indonesian Armed Forces), the proletariat, as represented by the PKI (Indonesian Communist Party). President Sukarno, was the one who stand in the middle of the contradiction between the army and the PKI. And then, G30S 1965, used as an excuse by Suharto and the army to stage a creeping coup against President Sukarno and slaughtered millions of cadres and sympathizers of the PKI. After the G30S 1965, the New Order regime of Suharto opened the door wide open for international capitalism to exploit the natural resources of Indonesia. Suharto's New Order regime improves Indonesian capitalism.
MENEROPONG STRATEGI KEBUDAYAAN MELALUI KESADARAN HISTORIS “PANTANG MELUPAKAN LELUHUR” ISLAM WETU TELU
Authors: Yusrifa Fitria , Nur Ikhsan Muhammad Faisal , Junaedi Rusli Akhmad , Khair Muhammad Rodinal
Published: August 2016

“Pantang Melupakan Leluhur” is one of devotion's action from Islam Wetu Telu's believers in Desa Bayan, Kecamatan Bayan, Kabupaten Lombok Utara, Nusa Tenggara Barat, for the ancestors, as well as the way of life which makes them survive until now. This study was aiming to seek the cultural strategy behind the immortality of the ancestor values and analyze the historical awareness of "Pantang Melupakan Leluhur" Islam Wetu Telu by using philosophical hermeneutics method. The cultural strategy and the historical awareness of Islam Wetu Telu community relies on the feeling of fear and responsibility to what have been achieved and inherited by the past anchestor. The synthesis of spiral and God' destiny indicate that "Pantang Melupakan Leluhur" in the Islam Wetu Telu community is an ideal concept that is suitable with the historical movement of Indonesia which is attached in the identity of Indonesia, Pancasila.
New Opportunities for Funding Dialysis-Dependent Undocumented Individuals
Authors: Raghavan Rajeev
Published: August 2016

The cost of dialysis for the estimated 6500 dialysis-dependent undocumented individuals with kidney failure in the United States is high, the quality of dialysis care they receive is poor, and their treatment varies regionally. Some regions use state and matched federal funds to cover regularly scheduled dialysis treatments, while others provide treatment only in emergent life-threatening conditions. Nephrologists caring for patients who receive emergent dialysis are tasked with the difficult moral dilemma of determining “who gets dialysis that day.” Without a path to citizenship and by exclusion from the federal marketplace exchanges, undocumented individuals have limited options for their treatment. A novel opportunity to provide scheduled dialysis for this population is through the purchase of insurance off the exchange. Plans purchased off the exchange must still abide by the 2014 provision of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, which prohibits insurance companies from denying coverage based on a preexisting health condition. In 2015 and 2016, >100 patients previously receiving only emergent dialysis at the two largest safety-net hospital systems in Texas obtained off-the-exchange commercial health insurance plans. These undocumented patients now receive scheduled dialysis treatments, which has improved their care and quality of life, as well as decompressed the overburdened hospital systems. The long-term sustainability of this option is not known. Socially responsive and visionary policymakers allowing the move into this bold, new direction deserve special appreciation.
Association of Peritonitis with Hemodialysis Catheter Dependence after Modality Switch
Authors: Lee Timmy , Thamer Mae , Zhang Yi , Zhang Qian , Allon Michael
Published: August 2016

Background and objectives

Few studies have evaluated vascular access use after transition from peritoneal dialysis to hemodialysis. Our study characterizes vascular access use after switch to hemodialysis and its effect on patient mortality and evaluates whether a peritonitis event preceding the switch was associated with the timing of permanent vascular access placement and use.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

The US Renal Data System data were used to evaluate the establishment of a permanent vascular access in 1165 incident Medicare–insured adult patients on dialysis who initiated peritoneal dialysis between July 1, 2010 and June 30, 2011 and switched to hemodialysis within 1 year.

Results

The proportions of patients using a hemodialysis catheter were 85% (744 of 879), 76% (513 of 671), and 51% (298 of 582) at 30, 90, and 180 days, respectively, after the switch from peritoneal dialysis to hemodialysis. Patients who switched from peritoneal dialysis to hemodialysis with a previous peritonitis episode were more likely to dialyze with a catheter at 30 days (90% [379 of 421] versus 80% [365 of 458]; P=0.03), 90 days (82% [275 of 334] versus 71% [238 of 337]; P=0.03), and 180 days (57% [166 of 289] versus 45% [132 of 293]; P=0.04) after the switch and less likely to dialyze with an arteriovenous fistula at 30 days (8% [32 of 421] versus 16% [73 of 458]; P=0.01), 90 days (13% [42 of 334] versus 23% [76 of 337]; P=0.03), and 180 days (31% [91 of 289] versus 43% [126 of 293]; P=0.04). Patients using a permanent vascular access 180 days after switching from peritoneal dialysis to hemodialysis had better adjusted survival during the ensuing year than those using a catheter (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% confidence interval, 0.44 to 1.00; P=0.05).

Conclusions

Among patients who switch from peritoneal dialysis to hemodialysis, prior peritonitis is associated with a higher rate of persistent hemodialysis catheter use, which in turn, is associated with lower patient survival. Studies addressing vascular access planning and implementation are needed in this group of patients.
Adolescents' Core Self-Evaluations as Mediators of the Effect of Mindfulness on Life Satisfaction
Authors: Tan Jianfeng , Yang Wu , Ma Hongwei , Yu Yulan
Published: August 2016

We examined the mediating role of Chinese adolescents' core self-evaluations in the relationship between mindfulness and their life satisfaction. The participants (N = 436) completed the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, the Core Self-Evaluations Scale, and the Satisfaction
with Life Scale. The results suggested that greater life satisfaction was associated with higher levels of mindfulness and more positive core self-evaluations, and core selfevaluations were positively correlated with life satisfaction. The results of mediation analysis suggested that core
self-evaluations partially mediated the relationship between mindfulness and life satisfaction of Chinese adolescents, implying that a higher level of mindfulness was correlated with more positive core self-evaluations, which were finally associated with greater life satisfaction. Together
these results imply that enhancing the levels of mindfulness and encouraging positive core self-evaluations of adolescents will exert a significantly positive effect in promoting their well-being.
Self-reflection and Self-insight Predict Resilience and Stress in Competitive Tennis
Authors: Cowden Richard Gregory , Meyer-Weitz Anna
Published: August 2016

We investigated the relationships among the self-reflection and self-insight components of self-awareness, and resilience and stress in competitive South African tennis players. A sample of 175 male and 158 female athletes (Mage = 29.09 years, SD = 14.00) completed
the Self-Reflection and Insight Scale, the Resilience Scale for Adults, and the stress items from the Recovery-Stress Questionnaire for Athletes. The results indicated that both self-reflection and self-insight were positively correlated with resilience, and that self-insight, but not selfreflection,
was negatively correlated with stress. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that self-insight was the single significant predictor of both resilience and stress. Our findings provide support for the importance of self-awareness, particularly self-insight, in mitigating stress and promoting
resilience among tennis athletes. The implications of engaging in selfreflective practices and attaining self-insight in terms of improved athletic performance outcomes are discussed.
Effects of Product Failure Severity and Locus of Causality on Consumers' Brand Evaluation
Authors: Song Sujin , Sheinin Dan A. , Yoon Sukki
Published: August 2016

Although product failure causes both marketers and consumers to incur substantial damage and losses, failures are often very difficult for marketers to control. Building on the defensive attribution literature, we investigated how locus of causality and outcome severity of product failure
interactively shape consumers' (N = 366) brand evaluation. The results showed that after a product failure experience, consumers responded with the least favorable evaluation for brand-caused failure, a more favorable evaluation for natural disaster-caused failure, and the most favorable
evaluation for consumer-caused failure. However, outcome severity moderated the effects: When the failure resulted in a severe outcome, positive brand evaluation deteriorated in the case of consumer-caused failure only. In addition, brand-blame attribution mediated these relationships. Our
findings provide a foundation for recovery strategies in accordance with failure severity and responsible parties.
A time-varying parameter VAR investigation of the exchange rate pass-through in Turkey
Authors: Çatık Abdurrahman , Karaçuka Mehmet , Gök Barış
Published: August 2016

The effects of exchange rate movements on price levels have important
implications to macroeconomic policies through the impacts on trade balance
and inflation. In contrast to previous studies, we employ a VAR model with
time-varying parameters to measure the magnitude of exchange rate
pass-through (ERPT). The findings confirm the time-varying pattern in the
ERPT, as the magnitude of ERPT has reached its maximum value during the 1994
financial crisis. The decline in the magnitude of ERPT has become more
pronounced after the 2001 financial crisis as a result of the implementation
of inflation targeting, which has shifted Turkey?s economy from a long
lasting high inflationary phase to a low inflationary economic environment.
Are sovereign ratings by CRAs consistent?
Authors: Saka Hami , Orhan Mehmet
Published: August 2016

This study is an attempt to compare and contrast the credit ratings granted
by prominent agencies, the so-called Big Three namely S&P, Moody?s and
Fitch, that dominate the market. The sovereign ratings are proven to
motivate the CDS figures of countries empirically, and low ratings are known
to increase the interest paid to liabilities by these countries. We employ
the historical data over 1994-2014 on the sovereign ratings of 117 countries
to test for whether the ratings assigned by CRAs are significantly different
or not, with the help of paired-t and ANOVA tests. Hypothesis test results
reveal that such differences are significant for many countries and country
groups, suggesting that the ratings by CRAs are not consistent with each
other. This is true for BRIC, OECD, and emerging market countries. Extra
ANOVA tests that we conducted support our findings.
The procyclicality of political trust in Spain
Authors: Caballero Gonzalo , Álvarez-Díaz Marcos
Published: August 2016

Political trust has been considered a necessary condition for good democratic and economic performance over time. The grave economic crisis that started in 2008, which is known as the Great Recession, has deteriorated the level of political trust in several countries. Some authors have shown that those countries with an increasing level of unemployment experienced a sharp decline in political trust. In particular, the political distrust in Spain has suffered a high increase since the Great Recession. This paper tests the procyclicality of political trust in Spain through the analysis and modeling of the relationship between political trust and business cycle in Spain over the period 1996-2015. The cross-correlation analysis, the Granger causality test, and the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach coherently conclude the procyclicality of political trust in Spain. The unemployment rate shows a negative and statistically significant influence on political trust four quarters later.
Retesting the institutional memory hypothesis: An experimental study
Authors: Burakov Dmitry
Published: August 2016

In this article, we set ourselves a task to test institutional memory hypothesis as a core of endogenous credit cycles. According to this hypothesis, risks taken by creditors depend largely on availability heuristic and experience of loan officers. To assess validity of this hypothesis we construct and estimate a simple VAR model. The data for this model is acquired from results of an experimental study (lasted for 70 rounds), the purpose of which is to identify behavioral patterns of participants while meeting demand for credit, specifics of subjectively weighted assessment of credit risk, based on shock approach. The results of the study allow confirming institutional memory hypothesis. After initial shock of bad debts, number of periods to recover willingness to accept risk has increased by 39%, which supports the hypothesis of availability heuristic?s influence. However, with improvement of loan portfolio?s quality, willingness to take risk is restoring. In addition, we managed to confirm existence of risk?s underestimation and overestimation periods in an experimental manner.
Finding Needles in a Haystack: Using Data Analytics to Improve Fraud Prediction
Authors: Perols Johan L. , Bowen Robert M. , Zimmermann Carsten , Samba Basamba
Published: August 2016

Developing models to detect financial statement fraud involves challenges related to (1) the rarity of fraud observations, (2) the relative abundance of explanatory variables identified in the prior literature, and (3) the broad underlying definition of fraud. Following the emerging data analytics literature, we introduce and systematically evaluate three data analytics preprocessing methods to address these challenges. Results from evaluating actual cases of financial statement fraud suggest that two of these methods improve fraud prediction performance by approximately 10 percent relative to the best current techniques. Improved fraud prediction can result in meaningful benefits, such as improving the ability of the SEC to detect fraudulent filings and improving audit firms' client portfolio decisions.
Does Investors' Desire to Punish Misreporting Affect Their Litigation Decisions and Managers' and Investors' Welfare?
Authors: Brown Jason L. , Moser Donald V.
Published: August 2016

Shareholder litigation is an important part of the regulation of securities markets that can influence corporate managers' reporting behavior. Prior research shows that conventional economic factors affect investors' litigation decisions. We use experimental markets to examine whether investors engage in costly litigation even without a direct financial incentive to do so and whether this affects managers' reporting decisions and managers' and investors' welfare. We find that investors frequently litigate when they can impose a financial penalty on managers for misreporting even though they cannot recover their legal fees or receive restitution for their losses. Moreover, this deters managers' shirking and misreporting and improves managers' and investors' welfare almost as effectively as when investors can recover their legal fees and receive restitution for their losses. Overall, our results indicate that, in addition to financial incentives, investors' desire to punish misreporting plays an important role in their litigation decisions, and that may yield substantial welfare benefits.
Efficacy of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109J for the treatment of dairy calves with experimentally induced infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis
Authors: Boileau Mélanie J. , Mani Rinosh , Breshears Melanie A. , Gilmour Margi , Taylor Jared D. , Clinkenbeard Kenneth D.
Published: August 2016

OBJECTIVE To determine the efficacy of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109J for the treatment of calves with experimentally induced infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK).

ANIMALS 12 healthy dairy calves.

PROCEDURES For each calf, a grid keratotomy was performed on both eyes immediately before inoculation with Moraxella bovis hemolytic strain Epp63–300 (n = 11 calves) or nonhemolytic strain 12040577 (1 calf). For each calf inoculated with M bovis Epp63–300, the eyes were randomly assigned to receive an artificial tear solution with (treatment group) or without (control group) lyophilized B bacteriovorus 109J. Six doses of the assigned treatment (0.2 mL/eye, topically, q 48 h) were administered to each eye. On nontreatment days, eyes were assessed and corneal swab specimens and tear samples were collected for bacterial culture. Calves were euthanized 12 days after M bovis inoculation. The eyes were harvested for gross and histologic evaluation and bacterial culture.

RESULTS The calf inoculated with M bovis 12040577 did not develop corneal ulcers. Of the 22 eyes inoculated with M bovis Epp63–300, 18 developed corneal ulcers consistent with IBK within 48 hours after inoculation; 4 of those eyes developed secondary corneal ulcers that were not consistent with IBK. Corneal ulcer size and severity and the time required for ulcer healing did not differ between the treatment and control groups.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested that B bacteriovorus 109J was not effective for the treatment of IBK; however, the experimental model used produced lesions that did not completely mimic naturally occurring IBK.
Comparison of gene expression profiles of T cells in porcine colostrum and peripheral blood
Authors: Ogawa Shohei , Okutani Mie , Tsukahara Takamitsu , Nakanishi Nobuo , Kato Yoshihiro , Fukuta Kikuto , Romero-Pérez Gustavo A. , Ushida Kazunari , Inoue Ryo
Published: August 2016

OBJECTIVE To compare gene expression patterns of T cells in porcine colostrum and peripheral blood.

ANIMALS 10 multiparous sows.

PROCEDURES Cytotoxic and CD4-CD8 double-positive T cells were separated from porcine colostrum and peripheral blood. Total RNA was extracted. The cDNA prepared from RNA was amplified, labeled, fragmented, and competitively hybridized to DNA microarray slides. The DNA microarray data were validated by use of a real-time reverse-transcription PCR assay, and expression of the genes FOS, NFKBI, IFNG, CXCR6, CCR5, ITGB2, CCR7, and SELL was assessed. Finally, DNA microarray data were validated at the protein level by use of flow cytometry via expression of c-Fos and integrin β-2.

RESULTS Evaluation of gene expression profiles indicated that in contrast to results for peripheral blood, numerous cell-signaling pathways might be activated in colostrum. Profile analysis also revealed that FOS and NFKBI (genes of transcription factors) were involved in most cell-signaling pathways and that expression of these genes was significantly higher in colostral T cells than in peripheral blood T cells. Furthermore, CCR7 and SELL (genes of T-cell differentiation markers) in colostral T cells had expression patterns extremely similar to those found in effector or effector memory T cells.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE All or most of the T cells in colostrum had an effector-like phenotype and thus were more activated than those in peripheral blood. This gene expression profile would enable T cells to migrate to mammary glands, be secreted in colostrum, and likely contribute to passive immunity provided by sows to newborn pigs.