bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proses Penalaran Matematis Siswa SMP dalam Statistika
Authors: Saminanto Saminanto , Suwarno Muji , Septianah Septianah , Aistafania Aistafania
Published: December 2024

Mathematical reasoning is very important for students to master. This research aims to reveal students' mathematical reasoning processes in solving statistical problems. This research used a descriptive qualitative method involving 25 students from class VII-D of SMP Negeri 16 Semarang. The research instrument consists of mathematical problems related to statistics. Data collection was carried out through written tests and interviews. Data were analyzed by data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The research results showed that 16% of students had high mathematical reasoning abilities, 72% of students had moderate mathematical reasoning abilities, and 12% of students had low mathematical reasoning abilities. Based on the results of interviews, the mathematical reasoning process of lower group students is hampered by the process of presenting mathematical statements verbally, drawings, sketches or diagrams; make allegations; checking the validity of an argument; and students' lack of understanding of mathematical concepts. The implications of the findings in this research can be used as a reference for developing appropriate learning strategies to overcome students' difficulties in the mathematical reasoning process.
Keywords: reasoning process, mathematics, statistics.
Prediksi Harga Saham Syariah dengan Triple Exponential Smoothing Multiplicative
Authors: Sofiyati Noor , Saputro Isnu Aji , Puspita Dian
Published: December 2024

The prediction of sharia stock prices is currently an important concern for investors who want to invest according to Islamic principles. Investors generally invest to achieve profits, which are measured by the magnitude of returns or the rate of return on those sharia-compliant stocks. However, there is also a risk of loss if the investor makes the wrong decision. Often, investors simply guess whether the stock price will go up or down. In sharia stock analysis, accurate forecasting techniques are needed to help investors minimize risk and maximize potential returns. This research aims to predict the stock price of Bank Syariah Indonesia (BRIS. JK), which is one of the sharia stocks highly sought after by stock investors. The prediction for the next year is conducted using the multiplicative triple exponential smoothing method as a guide for investors in decision-making. This method was chosen because of its ability to capture seasonal patterns and trends based on historical stock data.  The forecasting results show that the price of BRIS.JK shares will continue to rise over the next year. This provides valuable information for investors to consider investing in that stock.
Keywords: predictions, sharia shares, triple exponential smoothing.
Continuity Principle in Physical Education at School
Authors: Pecherina Oksana
Published: December 2024

The content of Physical Education at primary and secondary school is undergoing certain changes. This process requires continuity. The research featured the principle of continuity in extracurricular physical education activities, i.e., volleyball and pioneerball, with primary and secondary school students. The experiment involved university students that majored in physical education, as well as experienced school teachers. First, the principle of continuity presupposes an interaction between teachers of primary and secondary education, e.g., mutual attendance of classes and extracurricular events. Second, it takes into account the age, gender, and individual characteristics of schoolchildren and their level of training. Third, the transition from primary to secondary education is especially challenging for children as the curriculum is getting more complex. The principle of continuity in Physical Education makes learning consistent and contributes to personal development. In this study, the Physical Education teachers and university students agreed that the principle of continuity helped schoolchildren to gain knowledge, improve motor skills, and increase motivation.
Legal Traditions and Values as a Subject of Constitutional and Legal Research: Methodological Aspects
Authors: Vinnichenko Danila
Published: December 2024

Legal traditions and values are an important area of constitutional and legal studies. They affect legislation, law enforcement, and provision of human rights. This study explores the role and significance of legal traditions and values in constitutional legal systems. The author analyzed historical, social, and cultural foundations of their development, as well as their impact on legal norms and institutions, especially on constitutional principles and norms. The article offers an improved definition of the concepts of legal tradition and legal value based on a comprehensive review of scientific publications. The review made it possible to trace the evolution of legal traditions and values in the history of legal systems. The results revealed the role of legal traditions and values in ensuring social justice, legality, and sustainability. However, the effect of legal traditions and values on the governmental legal systems requires further research. This article may offer some useful insight to constitutional law researchers and practitioners who are interested in the relationship between legal traditions and values and constitutional processes. It emphasizes the importance of maintaining the balance between the preservation of legal traditions and the need to adapt to new social and cultural conditions.
Implementing measurement-based care to reduce caregiver burden: A narrative review
Authors: García-Cantillo Clara Camila , Sánchez-Villegas Milgen , Reyes-Ruiz Lizeth , Guzmán Heidy
Published: December 2024

In the psychotherapy context, the implementation of measurement-based care (MBC) contributes to the rapid reduction of psychological symptoms of emotional distress. It allows decisions to be made regarding the direction of treatment. This article synthesizes the available evidence on implementing MBC to reduce caregiver burden in the context of psychotherapy, with particular attention to the profound impact caregiving responsibilities have on caregivers' mental health. Further studies are needed to confirm the implementation of MBC in vulnerable populations requiring psychotherapeutic support, facilitating the development of psychological intervention models that highlight and contribute to the meaningful improvement of psychological symptoms. Consequently, caregivers' mental health would be adequately addressed over time while also making the impact and effectiveness of MBC visible.
De datos a descubrimientos: la revolución de la inteligencia artificial
Authors: Macchia-de Sánchez Carla Lorena , Macchia Paola Yanina
Published: December 2024

La irrupción de la inteligencia artificial (IA) ha generado una transformación profunda en el mundo que nos rodea. Aunque los primeros avances en esta tecnología llevan décadas, el salto exponencial experimentado en los últimos años es asombroso. Resulta imposible permanecer ajenos a una realidad que permea prácticamente todos los ámbitos de la vida. Según la UNESCO: “la IA permite que máquinas simulen aspectos de la inteligencia humana tales como la percepción, la solución de problemas, la interacción lingüística y hasta la creatividad.” En el ámbito de la salud, por ejemplo, la IA se utiliza para mejorar la precisión diagnóstica, personalizar tratamientos y asistir en la toma de decisiones, entre otros.
Gradações do necropoder em O avesso da pele: o caráter insurgente da literatura
Authors: Dos Santos Freitas Karine Aragão , Mendes Talita Rosetti Souza
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo objetiva suscitar representações e práticas necropolíticas na obra O avesso da pele, de Jeferson Tenório, evidenciadas, principalmente, a partir das trajetórias de vida dos personagens Henrique e Martha, recuperadas pela narrativa memorialística do filho Pedro, na qual os pais assumem, respectivamente, a simbologia de uma ferida no estômago e de um poço sem fundo. Nesse contexto, toma-se como metodologia perceber como O avesso da pele, romance contemporâneo, desmascara múltiplas formas de violência empregadas sobre corpos marginalizados, em que a cidade de Porto Alegre pode ser apreendida como uma metonímia do próprio país do qual faz parte. Espera-se, com essa análise, reafirmar, como conclusão de estudo, o caráter insurgente da literatura no combate às violências vividas, cotidianamente, pela população negra no Brasil, sendo ela, em si, novo caminho para representar, para resistir e para transformar o cenário necropolítico que existe, neste território, desde o Brasil colônia.
Não falei: rememoração narrativa à luz de Walter Benjamin
Authors: Kelmer de Menezes Silva Gabriella , Dos Santos Derivaldo
Published: December 2024

Este artigo elege as categorias da rememoração e da memória involuntária para elaboração da análise literária do romance contemporâneo Não Falei, da escritora Beatriz Bracher (2017), tendo por objetivo fazer a leitura do procedimento memorialístico da produção a partir do teórico alemão Walter Benjamin (1987a). Quanto ao método de análise, fundamenta-se a leitura na abordagem integrativa de Antonio Candido (2014), considerando as vinculações entre texto literário e tecido social. Argumenta-se que o narrador-protagonista, no romance citado, procede a uma jornada memorialística capaz de perscrutar a vida familiar na infância, a tragédia pessoal que o acometeu em 1970, quando foi preso e torturado pelos militares, e a culpa com a qual convive por ter sido acusado de delatar o cunhado, assassinado durante a ditadura. Constatou-se, assim, que tais razões motivam, no romance analisado, o surgimento de uma memória involuntária, produtora de uma perspectiva renovada sobre passado e presente.
Por uma literatura in-disciplinada na sala de aula
Authors: Freitas de Sousa (Tradutora) Bruna Maria , Naouar (Autor) Oussama
Published: December 2024

Este artigo explora duas perspectivas entrecruzadas: por um lado, a questão do conhecimento do escritor e seus escorregamentos na obra e como este conhecimento, mediado pela literatura e por seu ensino, particularmente em aulas de língua estrangeira, acaba produzindo um material de trabalho sobre as representações culturais e interculturais. O segundo eixo, aborda a questão da literaturização da pedagogia e da pedagogização da literatura, mas na perspectiva de alimentar a hipótese de um paradigma estético em educação que tira proveito da arte, tanto no seu regime produtivo quanto receptivo. Ambas as perspectivas alimentam a tese da centralidade do uso da literatura, sem descaracterizá-la em abordagens excessivamente estruturalistas ou didáticas. Trata-se de explorar o que a literatura nos diz de uma cultura que não possa ser expresso por outras disciplinas.
A construção do ethos no discurso político: um estudo sobre o discurso presidencial na IX Cúpula das Américas
Authors: Dorigon Herold Gabrieli , Negreiros Gil Roberto Costa
Published: December 2024

A pesquisa busca descrever e analisar a constituição do ethos no discurso de Jair Bolsonaro na IX Cúpula das Américas sob a hipótese de que, uma vez construído ao auditório de lideranças dos continentes americanos, se evidencie um ethos positivo do proponente, refutando e ressignificando os estereótipos negativos que circulam sobre ele. O trabalho, desenvolvido a partir dos estudos da Análise do Discurso, baseia-se nos estudos de Perelman e Olbrechts-Tyteca (2000), Amossy (2018) e Charaudeau (2018) e configura-se como documental, de abordagem empírico-indutiva e descritiva, uma vez que atribuímos significados a fenômenos discursivos. Foi possível demonstrar, a partir da análise, que Bolsonaro investe na construção de quatro imagens principais: de cooperativo, de competente, de orgulhoso e de religioso e conservador. Essas imagens revelam seu interesse em fortalecer as relações do Brasil com os países participantes da Cúpula das Américas, ao passo que reforça seus ideais políticos e ideológicos. Com isso, é possível vislumbrar o jogo de máscaras que atravessa o discurso político e torna a palavra mais eficaz e persuasiva de acordo com os objetivos do orador.
A modalidade facultativa nos discursos do Papa Francisco em língua espanhola
Authors: Oliveira André Silva , Teixeira Gomes Alexandro
Published: December 2024

Este trabalho tem por objetivo fazer uma descrição e análise da modalidade facultativa como recurso discursivo e estratégia argumentativa nos discursos do Papa Francisco em língua espanhola. Para isso, recorreu-se aos estudos relativos ao funcionalismo linguístico e discurso e aos estudos referentes à modalidade facultativa na seara da Linguística. Nesse sentido, foram selecionados os 147 discursos proferidos pelo Romano Pontífice em língua espanhola no ano de 2022 para a composição do córpus. Após a análise dos discursos, verificou-se que ocorre, preferencialmente, a não-inclusão [-inclusão] do Santo Padre na instauração da modalidade facultativa, optando por modalizar a facultatividade em posição focalizadora e com orientação modal para o Evento. Por fim, concluiu-se a relevância da modalidade facultativa como recurso e estratégia argumentativa, em que esta é engendrada no discurso tendo em vista as intenções e os propósitos comunicativos do falante (Papa Francisco).
Gene variability of natriuretic peptides in patients with rheumatic heart disease and atrial fibrillation
Authors: Sinitskaya A.V. , Khutornaya M.V. , Hryachkova O.N. , Poddubnyak A.O. , Asanov M.A. , Sinitsky M.Yu.
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common arrhythmias in rheumatic heart disease (RHD) patients. The pathophysiological mechanisms of AF development against the background of RHD are still understudied. Similarly to most cardiovascular pathologies, AF is a multifactorial disease with a significant genetic predeterminacy.Objective: The study was aimed at searching for associations of polymorphic gene variants of the natriuretic peptides (NPPA, NPPB and NPPC) with the AF risk in RHD patients. Methods: The study included 251 patients diagnosed with RHD, who were divided into 2 groups: patients with RHD and AF (n = 191) and patients with RHD without AF (n = 60). Genotyping of 7 allelic variants of genes encoding natriuretic peptides was performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results: Polymorphic variants rs198388 and rs198389 of the NPPB gene were found to have a protective effect against the AF in RHD patients on the model of a codominant inheritance. The rs198358 allelic variant of the NPPA-AS1 gene was associated with the two-fold increased AF risk in RHD patients (OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.02-3.75, p = 0.037). Two models of gene-gene interactions characterized by the high efficacy and sensitivity have been identified in this study. The most significant combinations of genotypes associated with an increased AF risk in RHD patients were rs198388 C/T × rs198389 A/G × rs198358 T/C × rs5063 C/C × rs632793 A/G and rs198388 C/T × rs198358 T/ C × rs5063 C/C.Conclusion: Polymorphic gene variants of the natriuretic peptides (NPPB rs198388, rs198389 and NPPA-AS1 rs198358), associated with AF risk, were identified in RHD patients. Three-locus (NPPB rs198388, NPPA-AS1 rs198358 and NPPA rs5063) and five-locus (NPPB rs198388, NPPB rs198389, NPPA-AS1 rs198358, NPPA rs5063 and NPPA rs632793) models of gene-gene interactions were associated with the studied phenotype.
Received 16 April 2024. Revised 10 October 2024. Accepted 2 November 2024.
FundingThis research was supported by the Complex Program of Fundamental Research of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences within the framework of the fundamental research project of the Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases No. 0419-2022-0001.
Conflict of interestThe authors declare no conflict of interest.
Contribution of the authorsConception and study design: A.V. Sinitskaya, M.V. KhutornayaData collection and analysis: O.N. Hryachkova, A.O. Poddubnyak, M.V. Khutornaya, M.A. Asanov Statistical analysis: A.V. SinitskayaDrafting the article: A.V. SinitskayaCritical revision of the article: M.Yu. SinitskyFinal approval of the version to be published: A.V. Sinitskaya, M.V. Khutornaya, O.N. Hryachkova, A.O. Poddubnyak, M.A. Asanov, M.Yu. Sinitsky
Intraoperative stimulation mapping of sensory branches of the trigeminal nerve using unconditioned reflexes
Authors: Levin E.A. , Kilchukov M.G. , Glushaeva A.A. , Kiselev R.S.
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Intraoperative stimulation mapping enables to determine the location of nerves in the surgical field when visualization is difficult, as well as to identify visualized nerves, thereby reducing the risk of postoperative iatrogenic complications. Motor nerve mapping is widely used in neurosurgical procedures but only a few attempts at intraoperative sensory nerve mapping have been reported to date. The introduction of an effective method for mapping the sensory branches/portions of the trigeminal nerve can reduce the risk of complications such as facial hypo- and hyperesthesia after operations in the posterior cranial fossa. Objective: To demonstrate the possibility of using unconditioned reflex motor reactions for stimulation mapping of the sensory branches/portions of the trigeminal nerve.Methods: Intraoperative neuromonitoring records were analyzed in three patients with trigeminal neuralgia who underwent nerve stimulation mapping during microvascular decompression. The using of an extended to 40 ms time window for recording myographic responses enabled to record both short-latency direct motor responses to stimulation of motor nerves and long-latency reflex motor responses to stimulation of the sensory branches of the trigeminal nerve. Results: It was shown that unconditioned reflex reactions of the orbicularis oculi muscle (stimulation of the V1 portion of the trigeminal nerve, blink reflex) and tongue muscles (stimulation of V3, trigemino hypoglossal reflex) were successfully induced in patients under total intravenous anesthesia with both monopolar and bipolar stimulation. One patient also showed a reaction of the orbicularis oris muscle (stimulation of V2, snout reflex). The technique used enabled to differentiate not only the motor and sensory roots of the trigeminal nerve, but also its different sensory portions separately.Conclusion: The intraoperative stimulation mapping of sensory branches/portions of the trigeminal nerve via unconditioned reflex motor responses can be performed using the equipment and anesthesia regimen typical for motor nerve mapping.
Received 10 October 2024. Revised 1 November 2024. Accepted 12 November 2024.
Informed consentThe patients’ informed consent to use the records for medical purposes is obtained.
FundingThe study was supported by the grant of Russian Science Foundation No. 23-25-00322.
Conflict of interestThe authors declare no conflict of interest.
Contribution of the authorsThe authors contributed equally to this article.
LncRNA-Associated ceRNA Network Revealing the Potential Regulatory Roles of Ferroptosis and Immune Infiltration in Osteosarcoma as well as Construction of the Prognostic Model
Authors: Lin Zhixian , Wang Zhen , Shao Danyan , Chen Jiangfeng , Liu Yunxia , Yao Yongwei
Published: December 2024

Background:

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone malignancy
in the world. Increasing studies indicate that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs)
are involved in ferroptosis and OS progression. Therefore, this study aims to identify ferroptosis-
related lncRNAs (frlncRNAs), explore potential competing endogenous RNA
(ceRNA) networks, and establish a new model for predicting OS prognosis.

Method:

Firstly, we downloaded data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene
Expression Omnibus (GEO), University of California, Santa Cruz (UCSC), and FerrDB,
and screened for differentially expressed FRlncRNAs (DEFRlncRNAs) between OS patients
and healthy controls. Then, we constructed the ceRNA network using the Lncbase
3.0, starBase, miRDB, miRTarBase, and TargetScan databases. Subsequently, prognosis-
related DEFRlncRNAs were selected through Cox analysis, and a prognostic model
was constructed. Next, the proportions of different immune cells in high and low-risk
groups were quantified and evaluated using the “CIBERSORT” algorithm. Finally,
Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment
analyses were performed on prognosis-related DEFRlncRNAs to identify topranked
biological processes and pathways.

Result:

We identified 247 DEFRlncRNAs and constructed the ceRNA network comprising
37 lncRNAs, 84 microRNAs (miRNAs), and 865 messenger RNAs (mRNAs).
Subsequently, we obtained 8 prognosis-related DEFRlncRNAs (AL645728.1,
AL161785.1, LINC00539, AL590764.1, OLMALINC, AC110995.1, AC091180.2, and
AL160006.1) and constructed a prognostic model, where metastasis and risk score were
identified as important clinical factors for predicting OS prognosis. Additionally, only
OLMALINC and AL160006.1 had corresponding target miRNAs in the prognosis-related
ceRNA network. Lastly, we revealed the infiltration proportions of different immune
cells in OS, with higher proportions of macrophages (M0 and M2 subgroups) and T
cells (T cells CD4 memory resting and T cells CD8) observed.

Conclusion:

This study explored the ferroptosis-related lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory
network in OS, constructed a ferroptosis-related prognostic model, and characterized
its association with immune infiltration, providing new insights into the pathological
mechanisms and targeted therapy development for OS.
Intracranial Castleman’s Disease Mimicking Dural-based Pathologies: A Case Report
Authors: Moguel Ambar Elizabeth Riley , Serrano-Rubio Alejandro , Gonzalez Soto Jose Alfredo , Tena Suck Martha Lilia , Roldan-Valadez Ernesto , Nunez-Lupaca Janeth N. , Corona-Cedillo Roberto , Mejia Alejandro Becerril , Nathal Edgar
Published: December 2024

Background:

Castleman disease (CD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder, with intracranial involvement being exceedingly rare. Unicentric Castleman disease
(UCD) is typically benign and localized, but its presentation can mimic other intracranial pathologies, complicating diagnosis.

Case Description:

We reported a 52-year-old woman who presented with progressive headaches and language disturbances. Imaging, including MRI and CT,
revealed an extra-axial left frontotemporal lesion initially diagnosed as an en plaque meningioma. Surgical resection of the lesion was performed.
Histopathological examination revealed UCD with plasma cell predominance, characterized by lymphoid hyperplasia and concentric germinal
centers. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed the diagnosis, with positive markers including CD20, CD3, and CD16.

Conclusion:

Intracranial UCD is a rare and challenging differential diagnosis for extra-axial lesions, often resembling meningiomas. Accurate diagnosis
requires a combination of imaging and histopathology, with immunohistochemistry playing a crucial role. Complete surgical resection is the
optimal treatment for localized UCD.
The Impact of Schedule Compression Techniques on Construction Project Timelines: A Case Study in Basrah, Iraq
Authors: Al-Tameemi Khaldoon Shehab
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Project managers always compete to finish their projects on time. However, certain circumstances force them to use schedule compression techniques - such as activity crashing, overlapping, and method substitution, to address unplanned delays.

Methods

These techniques offer practical means to accelerate project timelines; however, their degree of effectiveness can vary widely across different projects and contexts. Nevertheless, such circumstances make compressing construction project schedules an important consideration for avoiding financial losses and protecting stakeholders' interests.

Results

The paper aims to evaluate the effect of schedule compression techniques on a construction project located in one of Basrah’s oil fields in Iraq. A case study approach is followed for discussing time-cost trade-offs, challenges, and outcomes with such techniques, including their financial implications, strategies for mitigating risks, and the management of resources.

Conclusion

The results provide insights that are useful in the optimisation of project schedules while ensuring that constraints for cost, safety, and operation are met.
Deep Learning-Based Prediction Model for Industrial IoT: An Assured Growth
Authors: Thapliyal Tuhina
Published: December 2024

Industry 5.0 is a revolutionary change for the traditional industrial domain
with an amalgamation of interactive computational techniques. However, the Industrial
Internet of Things (IIoT) is referred to as communication between various batteryenabled physical devices. The present IIoT sector faces issues like complex decisionmaking, enhancement of productivity capabilities, management of the cost of assets,
uninterrupted connectivity, and security. Traditional computational techniques were
partially successful in finding an appropriate solution for existing issues in IIoT. In this
study, the author highlighted a deep learning-based prediction model that further assists
the industry while making major decisions. This approach is currently used for various
problems in agriculture, healthcare, coal and petroleum, entertainment and sports,
surveillance, and retail and marketing industries.
Use of Artificial Neural Network in Segmenting Clinical Images
Authors: Verma Amit
Published: December 2024

Inaccurate detection of tumors, fractures, and breast cancer in clinical
images has become one of the major issues in the medical field. Variations or errors in
medical reports caused by operators, machines, or the environment become a common
cause of delay or incorrect diagnosis. Therefore, correct segmentation of areas of
interest in clinical images like X-rays and MRIs is highly required. To solve this
problem, many researchers have provided various state-of-the-art automatic or semiautomatic methods of segmentation. Artificial neural networks play a significant role in
increasing the accuracy of clinical image segmentation. In this chapter, the workings of
ANN and the difference between gradient and stochastic gradient descent are
discussed. Also, the application of ANN in tumor, fracture, and breast cancer
segmentation is discussed using authentic and publically available datasets. This
chapter mentions the results and confusion matrix of some state-of-the-art methods.
This chapter will help readers know about ANN, the use of gradient and stochastic
gradient descent, the application of ANN in segmenting clinical images, and the
confusion matrix.
Tackling and Predicting Pandemic through Machine Learning and IoT
Authors: Goel Silky , Markanday Snigdha
Published: December 2024

“The ongoing COVID-19 situation has been challenging for the existence of
humans.”It has consistently surpassed the numerous physical and mental activities that
humans engage in, compelling them to live within increasingly constrained boundaries.
In this chapter, the use of the Internet of Things (IoT) and machine learning (ML)-
based framework to tackle pandemic situations in healthcare applications has been
discussed. ML and IoT-based monitoring systems track infected individuals using past
information, helping with isolation. The system involves parallel computation to track
and prevent pandemic diseases through predictions and analysis with artificial
intelligence. The execution of ML-based IoT in the pandemic circumstance in
healthcare applications has shown performance in tracking and preventing the spread of
the pandemic.
4.0 Fourier Series and Applications
Authors: Oyelami Benjamin Oyediran
Published: December 2024

In this chapter, Fourier series is introduced for functions which are
Riemann integrable and are of bounded exponential growth. Orthogonal relations;
least square error, completeness relation and Riemann- Lebesgue theorem are also
considered. The Fourier series is applied to obtain a series solution to some periodic
boundary value problems. Also provided are Maple examples for applications of
Fourier series to ordinary differential equations.
Ordinary Differential Equations and Applications I: With Maple Examples
Authors: Oyelami Benjamin Oyediran
Published: December 2024

Ordinary Differential Equations and Applications I: with Maple Examples blends the theory and practical applications of Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) with real-world examples, using Maple and MapleSim software. It covers fundamental ODE concepts, from first-order equations to more advanced topics like the Laplace and Mellin transforms, Fourier series, and power series solutions. The book includes detailed Maple examples demonstrating symbolic solutions, 2D and 3D plotting, and animated solution paths.

Designed for undergraduate and postgraduate students in mathematics, physics, engineering, and other fields, it is also a valuable resource for professionals. The book addresses various applications in biology, economics, chemistry, and medicine.

Key Features:
- In-depth coverage of ODEs with real-world applications.
- Maple examples for symbolic solutions, plotting, and animations.
- Exploration of Laplace, Mellin, and Fourier series methods.
Role of Microbes and Microbiomes in Solid Waste Management for Ecosystem Restoration
Authors: Velusamy Sathya , Sinduja Murugaiyan , Vinothini R. , Dinesh Govindaraj Kamalam
Published: December 2024

Solid waste disposal is a major issue that is getting worse every day as more
people move into cities. Solid waste disposal in India and other developing nations
frequently involves open dumping and incineration. This practice increases both health
risks and already existing pollution issues. To solve this issue with the least amount of
environmental impact possible, it is urgently necessary to employ sustainable
techniques. There are many environmentally friendly ways to manage solid waste,
including composting, vermicomposting, and anaerobic digestion, with additional
benefits like generating byproducts. Among them, biological agents play a significant
role in solid waste management. This chapter overviews solid waste management and a
long-term solution using biological agents and microbes. The distinctive characteristics
of microorganisms can be effectively used to revive the environment. Microorganisms
can be used as “miracle cures” for biodegradation and remediation of contaminated
sites. Today, microorganisms and nanotechnology are used in nano-bioremediation to
clean up radioactive waste effectively. Additionally, using genetically modified
organisms (GMOs) in severely polluted areas makes the microorganisms beneficial for
human welfare and ecosystem restoration. Numerous environmental phenomena, both
natural and man-made, depend on microorganisms for maintenance. They perform
beneficial roles that improve and optimize human life. Waste management is one of these areas where microorganisms are being used. The proper disposal of the vast
amounts of waste that people produce throughout the course of a day presents a
significant challenge, one that the government and environmental organizations are
constantly looking for new solutions to. Utilizing microorganisms is a crucial
component of effectively combating this threat. It discusses the numerous functions of
microorganisms in the environment, such as the management of solid waste, and it
concludes by highlighting some recent developments in microbiological solid waste
management.
New-Generation Plant Growth Regulators
Authors: Kaya Ergun , Özkaya Damla Ekin
Published: December 2024

It is known that metabolic conditions such as differentiation, growth, flower
and fruit formation, and development in plants are mostly organized by the plant
growth regulators. These organic substances that can be made naturally in plants,
control growth and other metabolic conditions related to it. They can be carried from
where they occur to other parts of the plant. They can be efficient even at very small
volumes and are called plant growth regulators. These are the most significant
molecules affecting the subsequent plant growth and development and the internal
formation of different metabolic reactions. Growth regulators were initially used only
for germination of seeds and rooting of cuttings. Later, it has also been used to increase
yield, product quality, and the resistance of plants against pests and diseases in the
period from seed to harvest. Plant growth regulators can contribute to increasing plant
resistance against diseases by stimulating the plant defense system through various
physiological or biochemical reactions that occur as a result of host-pathogen
interaction.
An Electromagnetic Spectrum
Authors: Kotadiya Manisha C.
Published: December 2024

Spectroscopy has historically played an important role in the development of atomic
theory, and it is currently widely utilised in basic research. In forensic laboratories,
spectroscopic methods are commonly employed for quantitative and qualitative analysis. This
chapter gives an overview of the fundamental concepts of spectroscopy as they apply to
analytical measurements.
Cycles of Matter in Soil, Nitrogen Cycle
Authors: Popoviciu Dan Răzvan
Published: December 2024

Nitrogen is another bioelement of crucial importance, being a part of amino
acids, proteins, nucleic acids, and many other organic compounds. It is also an object to
a complex natural cycle occurring, among others, at the soil level. Ammonification is
one of the main components of this cycle, consisting of the decomposition of nitrogencontaining organic compounds and releasing ammonium ions, essential nutrients for
plants and microorganisms. Another nitrogen input source in soils is the fixation of
atmospheric dinitrogen by some bacteria, free-living or in symbiosis with certain plant
species. Nitrification converts ammonium into nitrate, another valuable nutrient,
soluble and easily disseminated in soil solution and hydrosphere. Microbial
denitrification closes the cycle by transforming nitrate into nitrogen oxides and, then,
dinitrogen that returns to the atmosphere.
Prevalence of Diastasis Recti Abdominis Among Women in the Postpartum Period
Authors: Levytskyy Ihor , Kinash Nataliia , Ostafiichuk Svitlana , Drohomyretska Nataliia
Published: December 2024

Objective. Determination of the prevalence of diastasis recti after vaginal delivery and assessment of correlations between major physiological parameters of pregnancy and the postpartum period from patients with diastasis recti.
Materials. We’ve analysed 49 patients diagnosed with diastasis recti abdominis during pregnancy. There were 22 primiparous and 27 were repeat births. The average age of primiparous women was 22.8±4.9 years, multipara – 28.8±6.8%. Thirty patients (61.2%) were married, 10 (20.4%) were single, and 9 (18.4%) were divorced. Nineteen women (38.8%) were employed, 19 (38.8%) were housewives, and 2 (4.1%) were students. Three pregnant women (14.3%) were smokers, and two (4.1%) drank alcohol regularly.
Results. The prevalence of diastasis above the navel was observed in 31 patients (63.3%), below the navel – in 18 (36.7%). This value did not depend on the number of births. When analysing the width of the diastasis above the navel among primiparous women, a weak probability was noted (0.105), and when analysing the width below the navel, the difference was unlikely (0.250). When comparing the width of the white line of multipara whose diastasis was above the navel, the difference was improbable (0.241), while in localisation below the navel, a probable (0.014) difference was observed – prevailed in patients whose width of diastasis was less than 2 cm.
Conclusion. Among patients with diastasis recti, there is no probable difference between primiparous women and multipara, between primiparous women and postpartum women, and between multipara and postpartum women whose diastasis was above/below the navel and its size was less/more than 2 cm.
Clinical Practice in Family Medicine: Discipline Priorities
Authors: Yusypchuk Ulyana , Merhel Tetiana
Published: December 2024

The paper demonstrates that conducting clinical practice in family medicine at the Department of Internal Medicine No. 2 and Nursing is carried out according to the concept of continuous collaboration between practice supervisors, supervising family physicians, and fifth-year students of the Faculty of Medicine of Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University. The main priority in conducting clinical practice at the department is consolidating the knowledge and skills acquired by students during their study at the medical university, as well as during their practice, followed by assessing the degree of mastery during the final module assessment. All these aspects play a crucial role in the subsequent stage of professional development of future physicians, specifically the integration of skills and abilities, independent examination and treatment of patients, and direct preparation for work in healthcare facilities. During clinical practice, faculty members should bear in mind that medical education in Ukraine ensures a proper level of quality teaching and professional development of healthcare practitioners, as the quality of healthcare provision to the population of the country depends on it.
The modern advancement in science and medicine necessitates competent and competitive professionals in the field of medicine. Future changes in medical education should combine the best traditions and achievements of national medical universities and the advanced teaching experience in global higher education institutions. The study at Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University contributes to the harmonious development of individuals, combines professional and enlightening characteristics, and promotes cultural and spiritual education of future healthcare professionals.
For fifth-year students of the Faculty of Medicine, clinical practice will commence at the end of the spring semester this year. This will allow them, if desired, to work more with family physician mentors in healthcare facilities of the Ivano-Frankivsk region and other regions of Ukraine.
Therefore, during clinical practice in family medicine, the learning process involves the activities of both teachers (knowledge transfer and guidance of students’ practical work) and students in the process of mastering the knowledge and practical skills.
Integrated Approach to Personal Identification Using Dermatoglyphs and Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Kotsyubynska Julia , Gunas Igor , Garazdiuk Marta , Fentsyk V. , Vadiuk A.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Due to the full-scale military invasion of Ukraine by the aggressor state, the tendency to aggravate local armed conflicts in the world, which causes a large number of depersonalised, fragmented corpses, the problem of identifying the bodies of two or more persons arises
The aim of the study to develop expert criteria for the informativeness of dermatoglyphic fingerprints in the system of forensic medical identification of a person.
Materials and methods. The object of the study was fingerprint cards obtained from 460 people (200 women and 260 men) aged 18-59 years living in Ukraine. We used statistical analysis and neural network programming.
Results. Using neural network prediction, we have developed a methodology for reproducing unknown (lost) phenotypic traits based on the available ones (dermatoglyphs). Given the fact that many different neural networks can be built even on the same variables, depending on their combination, we managed to achieve a prediction accuracy of 73-90%, which suggests that a combination of different neural networks and an integrated approach show better results.
Conclusions. Based on the above, it can be concluded that the reliability of the results obtained ranged from 73-90% (automatically calculated by the Dermatoglyphics For Prediction (DFP) software), which is significantly higher than the results of previous fingerprint examinations. The use of our proposed software in combination with other basic methods will improve the quality of forensic identification examinations.
The structure of parastomal complications, predictors of their development: regional experience of the Center of Coloproctology of the Surgut District Clinical Hospital
Authors: Voronin Y. S. , Ilkanich A. Ya.
Published: December 2024

Objective: to study the structure of parastomal complications and predictors of their development in patients with intestinal stoma.

Materials and methods: a single-center retrospective analysis of the treatment results of 770 (100.0%) patients with colostomy and ileostomy observed in 2019–2023 in the District Center of Coloproctology of the Surgut District Clinical Hospital was carried out. There were 353 (45.8%) women and 417 (54.2%) men in the study group. The average age was 62 (55–68) years. The causes of the stoma were: malignant tumors of the intestine and pelvic organs in 617 (80.1%) patients, benign diseases of the abdominal cavity and pelvis in 153 (19.9%) patients.

Results: parastomal complications were detected in 457 (59.4%) people. The most common skin complication is maceration – it was noted in 111 (24.3%) people. The most common complication in the postoperative period was the formation of a parastomal hernia in 142 (31.1%) patients. The average age of people with stoma complications was 63 [56; 69] years (p = 0.003). In addition, it was found that a statistically signiﬁcant risk factor for complications in the analyzed group was the presence of a loop stoma (p = 0.018). The chances of complications in the group of patients with a loop stoma were 1.511 times higher, the odds diﬀerences were statistically signiﬁcant (95% CI: 1,071–2,131).

Conclusions: parastomal complications develop in 59.4% of patients. The most common complications associated with the presence of a stoma develop in persons of both sexes over the age of 63, more oﬅen in patients with a loop stoma.
An Evidence-Based IT Program With Chatbot to Support Caregiving and Clinical Care for People With Dementia: The CareHeroes Development and Usability Pilot
Authors: Ruggiano Nicole , Brown Ellen Leslie , Clarke Peter J , Hristidis Vagelis , Roberts Lisa , Framil Suarez Carmen Victoria , Allala Sai Chaithra , Hurley Shannon , Kopcsik Chrystine , Daquin Jane , Chevez Hamilton , Chang-Lau Raymond , Agronin Marc , Geldmacher David S
Published: December 2024

Background

There are numerous communication barriers between family caregivers and providers of people living with dementia, which can pose challenges to caregiving and clinical decision-making. To address these barriers, a new web and mobile-enabled app, called CareHeroes, was developed, which promotes the collection and secured sharing of clinical information between caregivers and providers. It also provides caregiver support and education.

Objective

The primary study objective was to examine whether dementia caregivers would use CareHeroes as an adjunct to care and gather psychosocial data from those who used the app.

Methods

This paper presents the implementation process used to integrate CareHeroes into clinical care at 2 memory clinics and preliminary outcome evaluation. Family caregivers receiving services at clinics were asked to use the app for a 12-month period to collect, track, and share clinical information with the care recipient’s provider. They also used it to assess their own mental health symptoms. Psychosocial outcomes were assessed through telephone interviews and user data were collected by the app.

Results

A total of 21 caregivers enrolled in the pilot study across the 2 memory clinics. Usage data indicated that caregivers used many of the features in the CareHeroes app, though the chatbot was the most frequently used feature. Outcome data indicated that caregivers’ depression was lower at 3-month follow-up (t11=2.03, P=.03).

Conclusions

Recruitment and retention of the pilot study were impacted by COVID-19 restrictions, and therefore more testing is needed with a larger sample to determine the potential impact of CareHeroes on caregivers’ mental health. Despite this limitation, the pilot study demonstrated that integrating a new supportive app for caregivers as an adjunct to clinical dementia care is feasible. Implications for future technology intervention development, implementation planning, and testing for caregivers of people living with dementia are discussed.
Effects of Large Language Model–Based Offerings on the Well-Being of Students: Qualitative Study
Authors: Selim Rania , Basu Arunima , Anto Ailin , Foscht Thomas , Eisingerich Andreas Benedikt
Published: December 2024

Background

In recent years, the adoption of large language model (LLM) applications, such as ChatGPT, has seen a significant surge, particularly among students. These artificial intelligence–driven tools offer unprecedented access to information and conversational assistance, which is reshaping the way students engage with academic content and manage the learning process. Despite the growing prevalence of LLMs and reliance on these technologies, there remains a notable gap in qualitative in-depth research examining the emotional and psychological effects of LLMs on users’ mental well-being.

Objective

In order to address these emerging and critical issues, this study explores the role of LLM-based offerings, such as ChatGPT, in students’ lives, namely, how postgraduate students use such offerings and how they make students feel, and examines the impact on students’ well-being.

Methods

To address the aims of this study, we employed an exploratory approach, using in-depth, semistructured, qualitative, face-to-face interviews with 23 users (13 female and 10 male users; mean age 23 years, SD 1.55 years) of ChatGPT-4o, who were also university students at the time (inclusion criteria). Interviewees were invited to reflect upon how they use ChatGPT, how it makes them feel, and how it may influence their lives.

Results

The current findings from the exploratory qualitative interviews showed that users appreciate the functional support (8/23, 35%), escapism (8/23, 35%), and fantasy fulfillment (7/23, 30%) they receive from LLM-based offerings, such as ChatGPT, but at the same time, such usage is seen as a “double-edged sword,” with respondents indicating anxiety (8/23, 35%), dependence (11/23, 48%), concerns about deskilling (12/23, 52%), and angst or pessimism about the future (11/23, 48%).

Conclusions

This study employed exploratory in-depth interviews to examine how the usage of LLM-based offerings, such as ChatGPT, makes users feel and assess the effects of using LLM-based offerings on mental well-being. The findings of this study show that students used ChatGPT to make their lives easier and felt a sense of cognitive escapism and even fantasy fulfillment, but this came at the cost of feeling anxious and pessimistic about the future.