bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reproductive biology of the commercially exploited kolibri shrimp, Solenocera agassizii (Decapoda: Solenoceridae), from the Pacific coast of Costa Rica, with considerations for its management
Authors: Villalobos-Rojas Fresia , Wehrtmann Ingo S.
Published: September 2018

Shrimp trawling is the main deepwater fishery in Costa Rica, where Solenocera agassizii Faxon, 1893 has represented up to 30 % of total shrimp landings for the Pacific coast. Despite the species’ economic importance, knowledge about its biology is limited, hindering the development of an appropriate management plan for a sustainable extraction of this resource. The goals of this study were to estimate the size at onset of maturity (SOM) and to describe the reproductive dynamics of S. agassizii in order to provide information that will help to establish a minimum legal landing size and a possible fishing closure during its reproductive period. A total of 4 273 specimens (2 175 females: 2 098 males) were analyzed between January 2007 and January 2008. The overall average size was 30.8 mm CL (carapace length), with females larger (32.4 ± 5.7 mm CL) than males (29.1 ± 4.0 mm CL). SOM was estimated with a logistic regression for females (SPM: size at physiological maturity) and as the breakpoint in the CL-TL (total length) regression for both sexes (SMM: size at morphological maturity). Males reached the SMM at a larger size (32.4 mm CL) than females (30.3 mm CL), whereas the SPM for females was 37.8 mm CL. The percentages of specimens caught below the estimated SMM were 77.4 % (males) and 52.1 % (females), whereas 79.2 % of the females were below the estimated SPM. Mature females were obtained on a monthly basis, indicating a continuous reproduction of S. agassizii with peaks between July and October. These peaks coincide with months with high precipitation and coastal upwelling. In 2013, Costa Rica prohibited the granting of new commercial shrimp trawl licenses, as well as the renewal of existing licenses. Consequently, unless the sustainability of this fishery is scientifically proven, all existing licenses will expire in 2018. The results of this study indicate that the current fishery of S. agassizii in the Pacific coast of Costa Rica is not sustainable. Hence, the assessment of mesh selectivity for this fishery - to ascertain catches were the average size caught is equal to or greater than the SOM - is urgent, as well as the establishment of a MLS of 112.6 mm TL (37.8 mm CL) and a fishing closure period in June and July. These recommendations aim to protect the spawning population and immature individuals of S. agassizii. Nevertheless, it is recommended to study the viability of employing alternative fishing gears to reduce the percentage of immature individuals captured and to avoid an overexploitation of the resource.
The Correlation of the Level of Community Knowledge and Education with the Level of Leprosy Occurrence in Central Jakarta Area year 2017
Authors: M Zahra , N.L Setiasih , A.H.A Bubakar
Published: September 2018

Leprosy is caused by Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) and the manifest is damage to the skin and peripheral nerves. Humans are still believed to be the main source of M. leprae transmission, especially in patients with highly infectious lepromatous. There is a correlation between leprosy with the level of education and human knowledge of the occurrence of leprosy from the past’s point of view. Based on statistical test of Rank Spearman Correlation, the acquired p-value that is equal to 0,000 < α = 0,05, then H1 is accepted which means there is a significant correlation between the level of knowledge of the community with the incidence of leprosy in the area of Central Jakarta in 2017 and 0,062 > α = 0,05 p-value is acquired, thus H0 is accepted which means there is no significant correlation between community education level and the occurance of leprosy in the area of Central Jakarta area in 2017. It can be concluded that there is a significant correlation between the level of community knowledge and there is no significant correlation between the level of community education with the occurance of leprosy in the area of Central Jakarta in 2017.
Captioned Media in Foreign Language Learning and Teaching: Subtitles for the Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing as Tools for Language Learning. Edited by Robert Vanderplank
Authors: Berti Margherita
Published: September 2018

Captioned Media in Foreign Language Learning and Teaching: Subtitles for the Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing as Tools for Language LearningEdited by Robert VanderplankLondon: Palgrave MacmillanUS $100.00ISBN 9781137500441 (Hardback)269 pages2016
Autonomous Language Learning with Technology: Beyond the Classroom (Advances in Digital Language Learning and Teaching). By Chun Lai
Authors: Cheng Dongmei
Published: September 2018

Autonomous Language Learning with Technology: Beyond the Classroom (Advances in Digital Language Learning and Teaching)Chun LaiNew York: Bloomsbury AcademicUS $118.20ISBN 9781474240413240 pages2017
Transparent Language for Learning Chinese
Authors: Tang Xiaofei
Published: September 2018

Producer detailsTransparent Language, Inc.13 Murphy DriveNashua, NH 03062Tel: 1-603-262-6300info@transparent.comhttp://www.transparent.com
METADAP genetic protocol v1
Authors: Deflesselle Eric
Published: September 2018

Genomic DNA was extracted from circulating blood leucocytes by using Gentra Puregene Blood Kits according to the manufacturer’s protocol (Qiagen) and was stored at -20°C. The TRKB polymorphismswere genotyped by the IntegraGen company (Evry, France) using the Fluidigm®BioMarkTMHD system (Fluidigm Corporation, CA, USA), using TaqMan allelic discrimination (Coulbault et al., 2006), with the ABI Prism® 7900HT Sequence Detection System (Life Technologies).
The Dat-e Adolescence Prevention Program Protocol: A Cluster Randomizedcontrol Trial v1
Authors: Sanchez Virginia
Published: September 2018

International and national studies on dating violence have concluded about the higher involvement of adolescents and youths in comparison to adult couples. At the same time, prevention programs have resulted more successful in adolescent population than in older ages, yielding promising results regarding the reduction of aggressive behaviour. However, despite these encouraging results, evidence-based universal prevention programs are still scarce among the scientific community, particularly in Spain. This project aims to contribute to the body of knowledge of evidence-based interventions developing, implementing and evaluating the efficacy of a Cluster-Randomized Control Trial Dating Violence Prevention Program. The program will integrate the characteristics and peculiarities of the phenomenon when it happens in the teenage years; risk and protective factors of dating violence will be considered and included in the design of the intervention program; the program will involve school member staff and will be partially sustained on peer-led learning. The results of this study will contribute to increasing the number of evaluated prevention programs to reduce dating violence in adolescence, which may be used by teachers and policymakers. By doing this, the project is therefore expected to contribute to the scientific and educational community with a psychoeducational model that could be incorporated into the educational policies.
Edmodo as Web-Based Learning to Improve Student’s Cognitive and Motivation in Learning Thermal Physics
Authors: Vania Pia Fildzah , Setiawan Wawan , Wijaya Agus Fany Chandra
Published: September 2018

This research aims to investigate the use of Edmodo as web-based learning in learning thermal physics in junior high school. The analysis of this research focused on students’ cognitive and motivation in the classroom. The method used in this research was quasi-experiment with the pretest-posttest design. One class taken as a sample in this research comes from one of an international school in Padalarang. The quantitative data of this research was gained through the objective test (pretest-posttest) based on Bloom's Taxonomy and questioner of motivation based on ARCS Motivational Design. Data processing was done by SPSS 20.0. The result of this research shows that there is an improvement of student cognitive C2 until C5 after learning using Edmodo. The average score in pretest was 45.89 and improve to 72.63. The result of normalized gain was 0.49, it included as a medium improvement. Edmodo also increases student motivation in learning thermal physics.
Dynamic condition-based maintenance policy for degrading systems described by a random-coefficient autoregressive model: A comparative study
Authors: Tang D. , Sheng W. , Yu J.
Published: September 2018

In this paper, we optimize a dynamic condition-based maintenance policy for a slowly degrading system subject to soft failure and
condition monitoring at equidistant, discrete time epochs. A random-coefficient autoregressive model with time effect is developed
to describe the system degradation. The system age, previous state observations, and the item-to-item variability of the degradation are jointly combined in the proposed degradation model. Stochastic behavior for both the age-dependent and the statedependent term are considered, and a Bayesian approach for periodically updating the estimates of the stochastic coefficients is
developed to combine information from a degradation database with real-time condition-monitoring information. Based on this
degradation model, the dynamic maintenance policy is formulated and solved in a semi-Markov decision process framework. Incorporated with the same semi-Markov decision process framework is a novel approach for mean residual life estimation, which
enables simultaneous residual life estimation with the optimization procedure. The effectiveness of using the proposed randomcoefficient autoregressive model with time effect rather than the existing fixed-coefficient ones to describe system degradation is
demonstrated through a comparative study based on a real degradation dataset. The advantages of using a dynamic maintenance
policy are also revealed
Research of dynamic processes of the system “Vehicle – Track” using the new method of vehicle wheel with metal scale
Authors: Bogdevičius M. , Žygienė R.
Published: September 2018

Mathematical models of vehicle wheel with metal scales are introduced in this article. When analysing the interaction between
vehicle wheel with a metal scale and rail in the system “Vehicle – Track”, the changes of the kinematic and dynamic parameters
of the wheel and rail contact points in time are examined, depending on the height of the 2 mm metal scale, when the length of
the metal scale is 100 mm and the speed of movement is V = 40 - 100 km/h. The results obtained after the research of the system
“Vehicle – Track”, when the wheel has a metal scale, help to better understand and evaluate the impact of metal scale on wheel on
dynamic loads of rail and vehicle and the regularities of their movement. The appearance of a metal scale on the wheel’s surface
causes technical and maintenances problems for the rolling stock. Railway standards limit the speed of movement that depends
on a certain size of metal scale.
A criticality importance-based spare ordering policy for multi-component degraded systems
Authors: Wang C. , Xu J. , Wang H. , Zhang Z.
Published: September 2018

With the increasing complexity and variety of production systems, more attention is being paid to preventive replacement on multicomponent systems. Each component is non-identical and has its own degradation process. In this paper, we propose a criticality
importance-based spare ordering policy for a complex system, which consists of multiple series-parallel degrading components.
Replacement action is triggered whenever the system reliability drops below a lower threshold and spares for replacement are
available. Our policy mainly consists of two steps: (1) determine which components to be replaced; (2) determine when to order
spares for components selected. In step 1, when the replacement action is triggered, we select components that most need to be
replaced within the system in accordance with the optimum ranking of components until the system meets an upper reliability
threshold. In step 2, a spare ordering policy for components selected is made and the optimal spare ordering time is obtained by
minimizing the expected replacement cost during the once replacement cycle. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate
the proposed multi-spare ordering policy. Moreover, the proposed policy is of significance for safety-critical systems such as substation automation system, bridge system, nuclear power plants and aerospace equipment.
Method of analysis of productivity with an innovative model of the working capability of the object in the body ( C ) for the new resource allocation on inherent and non-inherent
Authors: Idziaszek Z.
Published: September 2018

The aim of the article is to develop new methods of analysis, estimation and optimal selection of quantitative resources (inherent
and non-inherent) in the planning of the product effect for specific environmental conditions. The required iterative approach in
the construction of the mathematical model and analysis of its possible practical applications and search for how to figure those
opportunities. As the testing method has been applied method intuitive, allowing you to use the experience of expert analysis from
ongoing opportunities to make full use of the sustainability properties and customize to their processes. The results were presented
in the form of mathematical models in the collection of complex numbers and graphically on the plane of complex numbers.
Method to estimate changes inherent and non-inherent resources objects (machines, systems, organizations) on their productivity
(Po). The method uses the original, innovative, model potential workspace object (PrO) in the form of a complex binding numerically inherent (Zi
O) and non-inherent (ZniO) resources objects. Evaluation of value Po it was proposed with the PrO. The values of
the Zi
O and ZniO was adopted as two independent resources constituting the whole of resources in the required in the production
(or in the service). Method evaluation Po illustrates for the resources object described model Ro =│PrO = f (ZpO, ZoO)│, where
Zi
O is a work resource (ZpO), ZniO is extracted from the operation of the resource service (ZoO), and the generating capacity of
the object Po is described using a pointer named R object (Ro). Illustrated in the complex plane analysis results and the results
obtained from the calculation PrO and Ro, for contract values of the ZpO and ZoO, indicate the application capabilities developed
method. Method allows a very clear description of the productivity changes objects (or processes, or production organization),
in the context of the selection of manufacturing resource structure, through the separation of the factors causing these changes.
Method can be adapted for optimal production costs (or services) through design changes object and/or design changes of the
process exploitation. Developed the method brings new opportunities for theoretical and application in relation technical and
economic sciences.
Hybrid fault diagnosis of railway switches based on the segmentation of monitoring curves
Authors: Ou D. , Tang M. , Xue R. , Yao H.
Published: September 2018

Switches are one of the most important pieces of infrastructure in railway signal systems, and they significantly influence the efficiency and safety of train operation. Currently, the identification of switch failures mainly depends on the experience of railway
staff and the use of simple thresholding methods. However, these basic methods are highly inaccurate and frequently result in false
and missing alarms. This paper aims to develop a hybrid fault diagnosis (HFD) method for railway switches. The method is an
intelligent diagnosis method that uses massive current curves collected by microcomputer monitoring systems. We first divide the
switch operation current curves into three segments based on the three mechanical processes that occur during switch operation.
Then, a standard curve is selected from the fault-free curves, and common typical faults are ascertained through a microcomputer
monitoring system. Finally, derivative dynamic time warping and a quartile scheme are employed to identify fault curves. An
experiment based on current curves collected from the Guangzhou Railway Bureau in China demonstrates that the HFD method
is extremely accurate and has low false and missing alarm rates. HFD performs better than the studied support vector machine
(SVM) and dynamic time warping (DTW) methods, which are widely used for fault diagnosis.
Modification and reliability estimation of vector based Dubins path approach for autonomous ground vehicles path re-planning
Authors: Skačkauskas P. , Sokolovskij E.
Published: September 2018

Due to global purposes to ensure growth of a competitive and sustainable transport system, also to solve traffic safety and environmental problems, various engineering solutions are being sought out. It can be assumed that autonomous vehicles are the
technology, which will ensure the positive change in the transport system. Even though many studies successfully advanced toward
realisation of autonomous vehicles, a significant amount of technical and policy framework problems still has to be solved. This
paper addresses the problem of predefined path feasibility and proposes an effective methodology for a path to follow re-planning.
The proposed methodology is composed of three parts and is based on the Dubins path approach. In order to modify the vector
based Dubins path approach and to ensure the path feasibility, the optimisation problem was solved. A cost function with different
inequality constraints was formulated. The performance and reliability of the proposed methodology were analysed and evaluated
by carrying out an experimental research while using the autonomous test vehicle.
A novel reliability model for multi-component systems subject to multiple dependent competing risks with degradation rate acceleration
Authors: Zhang Y. , Ma Y. , Liu L. , Ouyang L.
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this paper is to establish a new reliability model of the system subject to multiple dependent competing risks. For
a system subject to multiple dependent competing risks, the total degradation consists of natural degradation amount and sudden
degradation increments (SDIs) caused by random shocks arriving at the system. Most researchers on this topic only focus on the
SDIs. However, the impact of random shocks on degradation rate is ignored. In this paper, a novel reliability model considering degradation rate acceleration (DRA) caused by random shocks is proposed, in which the degradation model is based on the
degradation path. The dependence relationship between multiple degradation processes is dealt with by copula method, and the
arrival time of shocks is assumed to follow a non-homogeneous Poisson process (NHPP). Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed
reliability model is demonstrated by an example of a series system. Moreover, the effect of model parameters is evaluated through
sensitivity analysis.
Отношение московской молодежи к добрачному целомудрию: тезаурусный подход
Authors: Тихомиров Дмитрий Андреевич
Published: September 2018

В статье на основании результатов проведенных автором в период 2009–2018 гг. эмпирических исследований рассматривается динамика отношения московской молодежи к добрачному целомудрию. Раскрываются содержательные особенности его субъективного восприятия в тезаурусах молодых людей. Показывается, что ценность добрачного целомудрия присутствует в тезаурусах некоторых групп молодых людей. Подчеркивается роль религии и связанных с ней традиций в воспроизводстве и поддержании этой ценности, что в большей степени характерно для мусульманской молодежи. В работе отмечается существование гендерной асимметрии в отношении к добрачному целомудрию. Проведенный анализ показал, что в тезаурусах молодых людей воспроизводятся некоторые традиционные представления, связанные с добрачным целомудрием, на основании которых формируется социальная идентичность и выстраиваются отношения в пространстве «свой — чужой».
Представления молодежи Москвы о гендерных ролях и характеристиках современной женщины
Authors: Тихомиров Дмитрий Андреевич , Новицкая Ксения Владимировна
Published: September 2018

В статье на основании результатов проведенного в 2017 г. социологического исследования рассматриваются представления молодежи о гендерных ролях и характеристиках женщины, ключевых показателях ее успешности. В рамках тезаурусного подхода анализируются различия во взглядах молодого поколения с точки зрения половозрастных и религиозных характеристик. Показывается размывание традиционных представлений в различных группах молодежи, включая религиозную, что находит отражение в гендерной идентичности, ролях и связанных с ними характеристиках.
Закон Великобритании об уголовных финансах 2017 года для организаций
Authors: Асриян Борис Андреевич
Published: September 2018

Уклонение от уплаты налогов давно считается преступлением в разных государствах. Однако до сих пор трудно было возложить ответственность на лиц и предприятия, способствующие уклонению от уплаты налогов, а также на тех, кто знает об этом, но не может предотвратить его. Закон Великобритании об уголовных финансах 2017 г. направлен на преодоление этой трудности путем создания преступлений строгой ответственности, которые не требуют доказательств знания, намерения, безрассудства или «направленности умысла». Таким образом, даже непреднамеренные действия сотрудников могут привести к уголовной ответственности организации.

Статья подготовлена на основе доклада, представленного на Всероссийской научной конференции «Моисеевские чтения» (Москва, 26 мая 2018 г.).
Sulfonylureas at the Glomerular Battlefield
Authors: Kalra Sanjay , Khandelwal Deepak , Bajaj Sarita , Das Ashok Kumar
Published: September 2018

The kidney is important in the context of diabetes not only because it is involved in normal glucose homeostasis, but also because it is one of the most important end organs to be involved in diabetes complications. Glomeruli are the meeting point of both microvascular, or renal; and macrovascular, or cardiovascular, health in diabetes. Sulfonylureas are effective glucose-lowering drugs. While a sulfonylurea-based glucose-lowering strategy is nephro-safe and nephro-protective, this aspect of sulfonylurea pharmaco-biology has not been highlighted earlier. In this editorial, we discuss current preclinical and clinical trial evidence regarding the performance of modern sulfonylureas at the glomerular battlefield.
Hypoglycaemia Remains the Key Obstacle to Optimal Glycaemic Control – Continuous Glucose Monitoring is the Solution
Authors: Adolfsson Peter , Rentoul Donald , Klinkenbijl Brigitte , Parkin Christopher G
Published: September 2018

We queried PubMed and other internet databases to identify studies, meta-analyses, review articles and other data sources regarding hypoglycaemia incidence/costs/impacts and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) use. Our analysis of the evidence showed that hypoglycaemia remains a significant health concern and a primary obstacle to optimal adherence to prescribed diabetes treatment. In addition to its adverse clinical consequences, hypoglycaemia negatively impacts quality of life and places additional financial burdens on patients, patient families, employers and healthcare payers. Clinical trials have shown that the use of CGM can reduce the incidence and duration of hypoglycaemic episodes. This article reviews relevant CGM studies, discusses the prevalence and clinical/financial implications of hypoglycaemia, and explores the strengths and limitations of current CGM systems in minimising the burden of hypoglycaemia.
The Cost-effectiveness of a Flash Glucose Monitoring System for Management of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Receiving Intensive Insulin Treatment in Sweden
Authors: Bilir S Pinar , Hellmund Richard , Wehler Elizabeth , Li Huimin , Munakata Julie , Lamotte Mark
Published: September 2018

Flash glucose monitoring, an alternative to traditional self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG), prevents hypoglycaemic events without impacting glycated haemoglobin (REPLACE trial). Given the potential benefits, this study assessed the cost-effectiveness of using flash monitoring versus SMBG alone in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) receiving intensive insulin treatment in Sweden.Methods:This study used the IQVIA CORE Diabetes Model (IQVIA CDM, v8.5) to simulate the impact of flash monitoring versus SMBG over 40 years from the Swedish societal perspective. Baseline characteristics, intervention effects, and resource utilisation were derived from REPLACE; literature and Tandvårds-Läkemedelförmånsverket (TLV) sources informed utilities and costs. Scenario analyses explored the effect of key base case assumptions.Results:In base case analysis, direct medical costs for flash monitoring use were SEK1,630,586 (158,523) versus SEK1,459,394 (141,902) for SMBG use. Flash monitoring led to 0.56 additional quality-adjusted life years (QALYs; 6.21 versus 5.65 SMBG) for an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of SEK306,082/QALY (29,762/QALY). ICERs for all scenarios remained under SEK400,000/QALY (38,894/QALY).Conclusions:Hypoglycaemia and health utility benefits due to flash glucose monitoring may translate into economic value compared to SMBG. With robust results across scenario analyses, flash monitoring may be considered cost-effective in a Swedish population of T2D intensive insulin users.
The Role of Systemic Inflammation in Cancer‐Associated Muscle Wasting and Rationale for Exercise as a Therapeutic Intervention
Authors: Cole Calvin L. , Kleckner Ian R. , Jatoi Aminah , Schwarz Edward M. , Dunne Richard F.
Published: September 2018

Progressive skeletal muscle wasting in cancer cachexia involves a process of dysregulated protein synthesis and breakdown. This catabolism may be the result of mal‐nutrition, and an upregulation of both pro‐inflammatory cytokines and the ubiquitin proteasome pathway (UPP), which can subsequently increase myostatin and activin A release. The skeletal muscle wasting associated with cancer cachexia is clinically significant, it can contribute to treatment toxicity or the premature discontinuation of treatments resulting in increases in morbidity and mortality. Thus, there is a need for further investigation into the pathophysiology of muscle wasting in cancer cachexia to develop effective prophylactic and therapeutic interventions. Several studies have identified a central role for chronic‐systemic inflammation in initiating and perpetuating muscle wasting in patients with cancer. Interestingly, while exercise has shown efficacy in improving muscle quality, only recently have investigators begun to assess the impact that exercise has on chronic‐systemic inflammation. To put this new information into context with established paradigms, here we review several biological pathways (e.g. dysfunctional inflammatory response, hypothalamus pituitary adrenal axis, and increased myostatin/activin A activity) that may be responsible for the muscle wasting in patients with cancer. Additionally, we discuss the potential impact that exercise has on these pathways in the treatment of cancer‐related muscle wasting. Exercise is an attractive intervention for muscle wasting in this population, partially because it disrupts chronic‐systemic inflammation mediated catabolism. Most importantly, exercise is a potent stimulator of muscle synthesis, and therefore this therapy may reverse muscle damage caused by cancer cachexia.
Alteraciones y calidad del sueño en la población pediátrica entre los 4 a 16 años con diagnóstico de epilepsia versus niños sanos. Barranquilla, marzo-abril de 2015
Authors: Guerrero Karen , Redondo Katerinny , Álvarez Adolfo , Varela Lourdes
Published: September 2018

Objetivo: Determinar las alteraciones y calidad del sueño en la población pediátrica entre los 4 a 16 años con diagnóstico de epilepsia versus niños sanos. Barranquilla marzo-abril de 2015.

Materiales y Métodos: Estudio analítico de casos y controles con aplicación de encuesta SDSC en 25 pacientes con diagnóstico de epilepsia, en consulta externa neuropediatría; estos fueron incluidos como casos. Igualmente se tomó un número pareado en cuanto a sexo y edad de la misma institución educativa de cada caso, y se le aplicó junto a sus padres encuesta SDSC.

Resultados: Trastornos de inicio y mantenimiento del sueño presentes en el 32 % de los casos frente al 12 % en controles, síndrome de piernas inquietas 24 % en los casos contra 16 % en controles, trastornos respiratorios del sueño 32 % en casos contra 12 % en controles, excesiva somnolencia diurna fue el principal trastorno en los casos con un 44 % frente a 16 % en los controles.

Conclusiones: Los pacientes pediátricos con epilepsia, presentan un riesgo seis veces mayor de presentar algún tipo de trastorno del sueño que la población pediátrica sin epilepsia.
Compuestos con potencial actividad farmacológica obtenidos a partir de conotoxinas de animales marinos (moluscos gasterópodos Conus magus)
Authors: Rincón Silva Nelson Giovanny , Rincón Silva Juan David , Castellanos Bernal Cindy Vanessa
Published: September 2018

El dolor es una experiencia sensorial y emocional desagradable, que pueden experimentar todos aquellos seres vivos que disponen de un sistema nervioso central -SNC, es una experiencia asociada a una lesión tisular o expresada como si esta existiera. En esta revisión, se presentan nuevas fuentes naturales para la obtención de diversos fármacos para tratar el dolor crónico de diversas patologías aislados desde animales marinos (caracoles del género Conus), se trata de conotoxinas aisladas de venenos de estos animales. Su efecto terapéutico consiste en un bloqueo selectivo de los canales de calcio (Ca) tipo N, por medio del cual reduce la liberación de neurotransmisores pronociceptivos en el asta posterior de la médula espinal, inhibiendo, de esta manera, la transmisión del impulso doloroso. Asimismo se plantean diversas metodologías para la obtención de estos novedosos compuestos, así como una caracterización completa de los animales de donde se extraen y otras aplicaciones médicas de estos compuestos.
Comportamiento clínico de pacientes con nefropatía lúpica y síndrome metabólico versus nefropatía lúpica sin síndrome metabólico. Clínica de la Costa, Barranquilla
Authors: Navarro Gabriel , Pardo Gerardo , Aroca Gustavo , Varela Lourdes
Published: September 2018

Objetivo: Determinar el comportamiento clínico de pacientes con nefropatía lúpica y síndrome metabólico versus nefropatía lúpica sin síndrome metabólico. Clínica de la Costa, Barranquilla, periodo enero-mayo de 2015.

Materiales y Métodos: Estudio analítico de casos y controles en 40 pacientes con asociación de nefropatía lúpica + síndrome metabólico (grupo casos) seleccionándose igual número de controles de pacientes con nefropatía lúpica sin síndrome metabólico.

Resultados: Prevalencia de síndrome metabólico del 44,1 %; la proteinuria en 24 horas media de los casos fue de 1,2 ± 1,1 gr/24 hr contra 0,6 ± 0,3 gr/24 hr en los controles, la creatinina media de los casos se observó en 1,3 ± 0,6 mg/dl y de 0,8 ± 0,3 mg/dl en los controles, en los casos la depuración de creatinina fue de 71,2 ± 38,4 ml/min contra 92,7 ± 23,8 ml/min en los controles.

Conclusiones: Existe un mayor compromiso clínico en pacientes con nefropatía lúpica + síndrome metabólico, comparado con los pacientes con nefropatía lúpica sin síndrome metabólico.
KLASİK TÜRK ŞİİRİNE KLASİK OLMAYAN YAKLAŞIMLAR: BÂKÎ, YAHYÂ, NEDÎM ÖRNEĞİNDE KLİŞELERİN SORGULANMASI
Authors: Kuzu Fettah
Published: September 2018

Günümüzde klasik Türk şiiri sahasındaki çalışmaların
temel problemlerinden biri, belli şairler ve şiirleri hakkında verilmiş
birtakım hükümlerin zaman içerisinde kesinlik kazanarak araştırmacıların ortak
görüşü hâline gelmesidir. İlk örnekleri tezkirelerde görülmeye başlanan şair ve
şiir eleştirisi zaman içerisinde edebiyat tarihlerinin yazılmasıyla gelişimini
sürdürmüş ve belli dönemlerin usta şairleri ve onların şiirleri hakkında önemli
değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. Ancak edebî eleştiri sahasındaki bu çalışmalarda
şairler ve şiirleri ile ilgili ortaya koyulan değerlendirmeler zaman içerisinde
mutlak gerçekler olarak kabul edilmek suretiyle sorgulanması güç doğrulara
dönüşmüşlerdir. Bu çalışmada genelde sosyal bilimlerin özelde de edebiyat
araştırmalarının özüne aykırı biçimde dogmatik bir anlayışla mutlak doğrular
veya gerçekler olarak kabul edilen birtakım mülahazalar, klasik Türk
edebiyatının usta şairlerinden Bâkî, Şeyhülislam Yahyâ ve Nedîm hakkında ileri
sürülmüş birtakım hükümler çerçevesinde ele alınmaya çalışılacaktır.
REFİK HALİD KARAY’IN ORTADOĞU İLE İLGİLİ YAZILARI
Authors: Hüküm Muhammed
Published: September 2018

Refik
Halid Karay, Türk hikâye ve romanında önemli bir yere sahip olmasının yanında
siyasi ve sosyal içerikli gazete yazıları ile tanınan bir yazardır. Refik Halid
Karay, siyasi tavrı sebebi ile iki kez sürgün hayatı yaşamıştır. Yazarın ilk
sürgünlüğü 1913’te başlayarak 1918’de biter. Refik Halid’in ikinci sürgünü ise
1922’de Beyrut’ta başlar ve 1938’de sona erer. Özellikle Ortadoğu’da geçen
ikinci sürgün dönemi onun edebi kimliği üzerinde etkili olmuştur. Sürgün romanı ve Gurbet Hikâyeleri Ortadoğu’da yaşadığı sürgünlük deneyimini odağa
alan eserlerdir.

Refik
Halid’in Memleket Yazıları serisinin 17. 
kitabı “Sulhte Cimri, Harpte
Müsrif” yazarın özellikle Suriye, Lübnan, Kıbrıs, Hatay gibi Ortadoğu
coğrafyasının önemli merkezleri hakkında yaptığı siyasi ve sosyal tahlilleri
içerir. Bu yazılar dünya siyaseti ve Osmanlı sonrası Ortadoğu’nun sosyal ve
siyasi yapısını göstermesi açısından önemli yazılardır.
18. YÜZYILDA ERZURUM KALESİ’NİN İAŞESİ VE TEMİN EDİLDİĞİ BÖLGELER
Authors: Demlikoğlu Uğur
Published: September 2018

Erzurum, stratejik konumu itibariyle Anadolu’yu
İran ve Kafkasya’ya bağlayan tarihi İpek yolunun en önemli güzergâhlarının
birinde yer almaktadır. Erzurum sadece ticarette değil aynı zamanda askeri ve
lojistik bakımından da önemli bir bölgedir. 
Yavuz Sultan Selim döneminde Osmanlı Devletine katılan Erzurum; İran,
Kafkasya ve Bağdat üzerine yapılacak tüm askeri seferlerde lojistik bir üst durumundadır.
Bu durum 18. yüzyılda da devam etmiştir. Erzurum Kalesi, 18. yüzyılda Osmanlı
Devleti ile Safeviler arasında yapılan savaşlarda Osmanlı ordusunun toplanma
merkezi haline gelmiştir. Erzurum Kalesi’nde bulunan Osmanlı ordusunun ihtiyaç
duyduğu iaşenin temin edilmesi ve nakliyesi önemli bir organizasyonu
gerektirmektedir. Bu makalede; mevcut belgelerin ışığında Erzurum Kalesi’nde
bulunan Osmanlı ordusunun iaşesini, iaşeye yapılan masrafları, iaşenin temin
edildiği bölgeler ile Erzurum Kalesi’ne nakliyesi ele alınmıştır.   
Assessment of Multilingual Collections in Public Libraries: A Case Study of the Toronto Public Library
Authors: Ly Valentina
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Objective – The Toronto Public Library has been frequently identified as having an exemplary multilingual collection to serve the information needs of the most diverse population in Canada; however, there is no evidence or collection assessment information available in the literature to validate those claims. This research sought to gain an understanding of the current state of their multilingual collection and compare it to the most recent multicultural population demographics.

Methods – This was a case study of the Toronto Public Library multilingual collection using data collected from their online public access catalogue in November 2017. Data was collected about all languages available, with English, French, and the 17 most spoken mother tongues explored in more detail. Language results from the Statistics Canada 2016 Census of Population were also collected. Data was used to calculate and compare the English, French, and language collections to the population of reported mother tongues spoken in Toronto.

Results – It was found that the Toronto Public Library has items in 307 languages. While the collection comprises many languages, there is far more focus on official language items than any other language compared to the population in terms of number of items and variety of formats. All 17 non-official languages that were studied had fewer items proportionally available in the catalogue than the proportion of speakers with that mother tongue.

Conclusion – The high circulation rates of the Toronto Public Library’s multilingual collection indicate that it has had some success in meeting the needs of its community. However, as the largest library system in Canada with a highly regarded multilingual collection and with many resources for collection development, the Toronto Public Library falls short of having a language collection that is proportional to the languages spoken within the community. While it may not be possible to have a multilingual collection that is entirely representative of the community, this study shows that libraries can use census data to monitor population shifts in order to be responsive to the information needs of their changing communities.
A re-examination of online journal quality and investigation of the possible impact of poor electronic surrogate quality on researchers
Authors: Ladd Ken
Published: September 2018

Objective – This study re-examines the findings of a paper (Ladd, 2010) that investigated whether evidence indicated print equivalent journal collections needed to be preserved, based on the quality of their electronic surrogates. The current study investigates whether: 1) electronic surrogate articles that failed (i.e., the print equivalent article needed to be consulted to view all the content/information) in the first study had improved in quality; and 2) there was evidence that poor-quality electronic surrogates could impact on research if the print equivalent articles did not exist.

Methods – Each of the 198 PDF documents identified in the 2010 study as failing were re-examined to assess whether any change in quality had occurred. To assess the possible impact for researchers if they needed to rely solely on poor-quality electronic journal surrogates, citation data were collected for each of the failed scholarly PDFs using Web of Science and Scopus, and usage count data were collected from Web of Science.

Results – Across the electronic journal backfiles/archives examined, there were 13.6% fewer failures of electronic surrogates for all PDF documents than in the original study, while for scholarly PDF documents (e.g., research papers) there were 13.8% fewer failures. One electronic journal archive accounted for 91.7% of the improvement for scholarly PDF documents. A second archive accounted for all the observed improvement for non-scholarly PDF documents. The study found that for the failed scholarly PDF documents from the original study, 58.7% had been cited or had Web of Science usage counts from 2010 onward.

Conclusion – The study demonstrates a continued need for retaining print equivalent journal titles for the foreseeable future, while poor-quality electronic surrogates are being replaced and digitally preserved. There are still poor-quality images, poor-quality scans of text-only articles, missing pages, and even content of PDF documents that could not be explained (e.g., incorrect text for images when compared to the print). While it is known that not all researchers will consult each of the papers that they cite, although it is best practice to do so, the extent of citations of the failed scholarly PDF documents indicate that having to rely solely on electronic surrogates could pose a problem for researchers.
Open Data for Evidence Based Practice
Authors: Kloda Lorie A.
Published: September 2018

No abstract.
The relationship between the intensity levels and speech production fluency in the delayed auditory feedback test in normally hearing listeners
Authors: Hosseini Sayyed Hossein , Tahaei Ali Akbar , Rahbar Nariman
Published: September 2018

Background and Aim: Sometimes people with functional hearing loss are referred to audiology clinics. The delayed auditory feedback (DAF) is a test which assesses functional hearing loss qualitatively. This study aimed to quantify DAF and accordingly use it in more precise way.Methods: Fifteen normally hearing students participated in this experiment. Each person’s voice was presented to his or her ear once without and another time with fixed time delay when he or she was reading simple texts. The delayed voices were presented in different intensity levels. Stuttering, unusual lengthy, and non-fluent utterances indicated the perception and hearing of the delayed voices.Results: The length of the utterances increased and the fluency of the utterances decreased significantly for delayed compared to non-delay condition and for different intensity levels.Conclusion: These results showed that the levels of intensity of the delayed voices might influence the perception of the delay.
Effects of short-term caffeine consumption on speech and sound reception in individuals with normal hearing
Authors: Taghavi Seyyed Mohammad Reza , Geshani Ahmad , Rouhbakhsh Nematollah , Jalaie Shoreh , Pourbakht Akram , Kebriaeezadeh Abbas , Bardsiri Mohammadsaleh Moosapour
Published: September 2018

Background and Aim: Caffeine consumes targeted attention to the signal, which is expected to lead to increased noise tolerance and ultimately improved speech perception. In the current study, the effect of short-term caffeine consumption on speech and noise simultaneous reception function was evaluated using acceptable noise level (ANL) test.Methods: In this interventional double-blind study, 90 cases (45 male, 45 female) aged 18−34 years were randomly assigned into three groups: the test groups, 3 and 5 mg/kg caffeine, and the control group, just placebo. The ANL test was recorded before and one hour after intervention. The results were compared before and after taking caffeine in three groups.Results: The statistical analysis revealed that there was significant difference in ANL result in dose 3 mg/kg caffeine before and one hour after intervention (p=0.043) and there was a significant difference in ANL result in dose 5 mg/kg caffeine before and one hour after intervention (p=0.001). Also, there was a significant difference in ANL before and one hour after taking caffeine between the group receiving 3 mg/kg dose of caffeine and the 5 mg/kg dose of caffeine (p=0.015).Conclusion: According to the findings of the study, after an hour of caffeine consumption, the ANL decreases. In other words, the individuals tolerate higher levels of speech noise. This is also dependent on the dose of caffeine.
The Dietary Total-Fat Content Affects the In Vivo Circulating C15:0 and C17:0 Fatty Acid Concentrations Independently to the Dietary Fatty Acid Compositions; Highlighting Dietary Routes that may Attenuate the Development of Metabolic Disease
Authors: Jenkins Benjamin , Aoun Manar , Feillet-Coudray Christine , Coudray Charles , Ronis Martin , Koulman Albert
Published: September 2018

Pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) and heptadecanoic acid (C17:0) have been described as dietary biomarkers of dairy-fat consumption with varying degrees of reliability between studies. It remains unclear how the total amount of dietary fat; one of the main confounding factors in these biomarker investigations, affects C15:0 and C17:0 circulating compositions independently to their relative intake. Additionally, it is unknown how changes in the dietary total-fat affects other fatty acids in circulation. Through two dietary studies with different total-fat levels but maintaining individual fatty acid compositions we were able to see how the dietary total-fat affects the fatty acids in circulation. We saw that there was a significant, proportionate, and robust decrease in the endogenous C15:0 levels with an increase in dietary total-fat. However, there was an increase in the circulating C17:0 compositions as the total-fat increased. To conclude, the dietary total-fat content and fat-type have a very complex influence on the relative compositions of circulating fatty acids, which are independent to the actual dietary fatty acid composition. Knowing how to manipulate circulating C15:0 and C17:0 composition is far-reaching in nutritional/pathological research as they highlight a dietary route to attenuate the development of metabolic disease (both by reducing risk and improving prognosis).
A Genome Model to Explain Major Features of Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Authors: Friedenson Bernard
Published: September 2018

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to understand the role of infection in the origin of chromosomal anomalies linked to neurodevelopmental disorders. In patients with neurodevelopmental disorders, DNA’s from viruses and bacteria including known teratogens were tested against chromosome anomalies known to cause the disorders. Results support a theory that parental infections disrupt elaborate multi-system gene coordination needed for neurodevelopment. Genes essential for neurons, lymphatic drainage, immunity, circulation, angiogenesis, barriers, structure, and chromatin activity were all found close together in polyfunctional clusters that were deleted in neurodevelopmental disorders. These deletions account for immune, circulatory, and structural deficits that accompany neurologic deficits. In deleted clusters, specific and repetitive human DNA matched infections and passed rigorous artifact tests. In some patients, epigenetic driver mutations were found and may be functionally equivalent to deleting a cluster or changing topologic chromatin interactions because they change access to large chromosome segments. In three families, deleted DNA sequences were associated with intellectual deficits and were not included in any database of genomic variants. These sequences were thousands of bp and unequivocally matched foreign DNAs. Analogous homologies were also found in chromosome anomalies of a recurrent neurodevelopmental disorder. Viral and bacterial DNAs that match repetitive or specific human DNA segments are thus proposed to interfere with highly active break repair during meiosis, and sometimes delete polyfunctional clusters, and disable epigenetic drivers. Mis-repaired gametes produce zygotes containing rare chromosome anomalies which cause neurologic disorders and accompanying non-neurologic signs. Neurodevelopmental disorders may be examples of assault on the human genome by foreign DNA with some infections more likely tolerated because they resemble human DNA segments. Further tests of this model await new technology.
Reseña de La desilusión de la imagen
Authors:   Universitat de València (Estudi General), Llorca Abad Germán
Published: September 2018

Libro escrito por Víctor Silva Echeto
El lugar en el que quedan las competencias cuando se mide la calidad docente. Estudio de caso: la asignatura de Redacción Periodística I en la Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche
Authors:   Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, De Lara González Alicia , Santos Maestre Lorena ,   Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Published: September 2018

En el año 2010, se implantó en la Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH) de Elche el programa de Grado en Periodismo. Desde entonces, la asignatura “Redacción Periodística I”, uno de los pilares fundamentales de la titulación, ha ido moldeándose para adaptarse a la realidad periodística de cada momento. Este análisis pretende determinar el grado de adquisición de las competencias descritas en el guía de la asignatura por parte de los alumnos. La metodología empleada se ha llevado a cabo a través del diseño de un cuestionario, que contiene preguntas abiertas y cerradas, contestado por parte del alumnado del curso 2017/2018. El análisis de los resultados también tiene en cuenta las opiniones de los propios docentes de la asignatura y se ha comparado con los resultados obtenidos por las encuestas de calidad de tipo estándar que realiza la propia universidad para valorar la docencia. Las conclusiones apuntan a que la asignatura alcanza los objetivos y competencias propuestos en la guía y que la utilidad de este tipo de encuestas específicas sobre competencias es, no solo complementaria, sino también necesaria si se desean valorar los parámetros específicos de la materia en cuanto a competencias (no tenidos en cuenta en otro tipo de encuestas).