bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Consideraciones sobre la declinación empática en estudiantes de medicina en Latinoamérica
Authors: Díaz-Narváez Víctor Patricio , Bilbao Jorge Luis , Estrada-Méndez Nuvia , Ulloque Jorgelina , Calzadilla-Núñez Aracelis , Barrera-Gil Douglas
Published: June 2020

Introducción: algunos autores plantean que la empatía en los estudiantes de medicina sufre un proceso de declinación a partir del tercer año de estudios, y otros han encontrado que ello no se da. El objetivo del presente estudio es verificar la coexistencia de varios modelos de comportamiento empático. Materiales y métodos: trabajo exploratorio y transversal. Se aplicó la escala de empatía para estudiantes de medicina (EEJM-S) en tres facultades de medicina de Colombia, El Salvador y Argentina, entre 2018 y 2019. Los valores de las medias de cada año de estudio se sometieron a pruebas de regresión con datos previamente estandarizados. Se realizaron un análisis de varianza (Anova), para comprobar si el coeficiente de la ecuación era diferente de cero, y un Anova secuencial, para determinar el tipo de curva. Resultados: la distribución de las medias, a través de los años de estudio, presentó diversos tipos de curvas de regresión entre las diferentes universidades en la empatía, así como en cada uno de sus componentes. Conclusión: se comprobó la presencia de tipos diferentes de comportamiento empático (diferentes curvas de regresión) de las medias de los años de estudio entre las distintas facultades estudiadas, y la hipótesis de trabajo planteada resultó verdadera.
Competition for Attention in Online Social Networks: Implications for Seeding Strategies
Authors: Gelper Sarah , van der Lans Ralf , van Bruggen Gerrit
Published: June 2020

Many firms try to leverage consumers’ interactions on social platforms as part of their communication strategies. However, information on online social networks only propagates if it receives consumers’ attention. This paper proposes a seeding strategy to maximize information propagation while accounting for competition for attention. The theory of exchange networks serves as the framework for identifying the optimal seeding strategy and recommends seeding people that have many friends, who, in turn, have only a few friends. There is little competition for the attention of those seeds’ friends, and these friends are therefore responsive to the messages they receive. Using a game-theoretic model, we show that it is optimal to seed people with the highest Bonacich centrality. Importantly, in contrast to previous seeding literature that assumed a fixed and nonnegative connectivity parameter of the Bonacich measure, we demonstrate that this connectivity parameter is negative and needs to be estimated. Two independent empirical validations using a total of 34 social media campaigns on two different large online social networks show that the proposed seeding strategy can substantially increase a campaign’s reach. The second study uses the activity network of messages exchanged to confirm that the effects are driven by competition for attention.

This paper was accepted by Anandhi Bharadwaj, information systems.
Diagnosis of dorsal screw penetration after volar plating of a distal radial fracture
Authors: Langerhuizen David W. G. , Bergsma Minke , Selles Caroline A. , Jaarsma Ruurd L. , Goslings J. Carel , Schep Niels W. L. , Doornberg Job N.
Published: June 2020

Aims

The aim of this study was to investigate whether intraoperative 3D fluoroscopic imaging outperforms dorsal tangential views in the detection of dorsal cortex screw penetration after volar plating of an intra-articular distal radial fracture, as identified on postoperative CT imaging.

Methods

A total of 165 prospectively enrolled patients who underwent volar plating for an intra-articular distal radial fracture were retrospectively evaluated to study three intraoperative imaging protocols: 1) standard 2D fluoroscopic imaging with anteroposterior (AP) and elevated lateral images (n = 55); 2) 2D fluoroscopic imaging with AP, lateral, and dorsal tangential views images (n = 50); and 3) 3D fluoroscopy (n = 60). Multiplanar reconstructions of postoperative CT scans served as the reference standard.

Results

In order to detect dorsal screw penetration, the sensitivity of dorsal tangential views was 39% with a negative predictive value (NPV) of 91% and an accuracy of 91%; compared with a sensitivity of 25% for 3D fluoroscopy with a NPV of 93% and an accuracy of 93%. On the postoperative CT scans, we found penetrating screws in: 1) 40% of patients in the 2D fluoroscopy group; 2) in 32% of those in the 2D fluoroscopy group with AP, lateral, and dorsal tangential views; and 3) in 25% of patients in the 3D fluoroscopy group. In all three groups, the second compartment was prone to penetration, while the postoperative incidence decreased when more advanced imaging was used. There were no penetrating screws in the third compartment (extensor pollicis longus groove) in the 3D fluoroscopy groups, and one in the dorsal tangential views group.

Conclusion

Advanced intraoperative imaging helps to identify screws which have penetrated the dorsal compartments of the wrist. However, based on diagnostic performance characteristics, one cannot conclude that 3D fluoroscopy outperforms dorsal tangential views when used for this purpose. Dorsal tangential views are sufficiently accurate to detect dorsal screw penetration, and arguably more efficacious than 3D fluoroscopy. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(7):874–880.
2020 John Charnley Award: The antimicrobial potential of bacteriophage-derived lysin in a murine debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention model of prosthetic joint infection
Authors: Sosa Branden R. , Niu YingZhen , Turajane Kathleen , Staats Kevin , Suhardi Vincentius , Carli Alberto , Fischetti Vincent , Bostrom Mathias , Yang Xu
Published: June 2020

Aims

Current treatments of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) are minimally effective against Staphylococcus aureus biofilm. A murine PJI model of debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR) was used to test the hypothesis that PlySs2, a bacteriophage-derived lysin, can target S. aureus biofilm and address the unique challenges presented in this periprosthetic environment.

Methods

The ability of PlySs2 and vancomycin to kill biofilm and colony-forming units (CFUs) on orthopaedic implants were compared using in vitro models. An in vivo murine PJI model of DAIR was used to assess the efficacy of a combination of PlySs2 and vancomycin on periprosthetic bacterial load.

Results

PlySs2 treatment reduced 99% more CFUs and 75% more biofilm compared with vancomycin in vitro. A combination of PlySs2 and vancomycin in vivo reduced the number of CFUs on the surface of implants by 92% and in the periprosthetic tissue by 88%.

Conclusion

PlySs2 lysin was able to reduce biofilm, target planktonic bacteria, and work synergistically with vancomycin in our in vitro models. A combination of PlySs2 and vancomycin also reduced bacterial load in periprosthetic tissue and on the surface of implants in a murine model of DAIR treatment for established PJI. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(7 Supple B):3–10.
COVID-19: opportunities for dental specialty trainees
Authors: Nayani Samina , Jadun Sarah , Patel Jashme
Published: June 2020

Amid significant changes to training programmes, the pandemic has nevertheless enabled dental trainees to develop and refine invaluable clinical skills.
243. Empobrecimiento de los hogares y cambios en el abastecimiento de alimentos por la COVID-19 en Lima, Perú
Authors: Herrera Romero Tania , Reys Aurélien
Published: June 2020

A partir de datos originales producidos gracias a un cuestionario virtual, se analizan las consecuencias de dos medidas tomadas por las autoridades peruanas en el contexto de la crisis sanitaria de COVID-19. Primero, cuestionamos el impacto económico de la inmovilización social (cuarentena) en los hogares de Lima Metropolitana. Nuestro enfoque, comparativo por clase socioeconómica, revela que los hogares más pobres son los más vulnerables debido a que perdieron sus trabajos en mayor número, lo que resultó en una disminución muy significativa de sus ingresos. Luego, cuestionamos la medida “pico y placa por género” a la luz de los cambios que identificamos en los hábitos de abastecimiento de alimentos, antes y después de la cuarentena. Con la cuarentena, los hogares redujeron el número de veces en que hacían compras y, pese a la disminución de brechas de género, estas tareas aún reposan largamente en las mujeres, independientemente de su clase socioeconómica.
Competencias Clave del Profesorado: diseño y validación del
marco global competencial de los docentes
Authors: Lluch-Molins Laia , Cano-García Elena , Pacheco-Villarroel Laura
Published: June 2020

Introducción. A partir del Consejo Europeo de Lisboa (2000)
se han realizado grandes esfuerzos en las instituciones de educación
superior para implementar el enfoque basado en competencias. Por
ejemplo, han sido creados marcos de competencias clave del
profesorado; a pesar de que varían mucho no solo entre países, sino
también entre instituciones dentro de un mismo país. De ahí la
necesidad de un modelo más global de marco competencial para
docentes, alineando, así, la pre-service teacher education con la
in-service teacher education o formación permanente y facilitando de
este modo el desarrollo profesional a lo largo de la vida (educación
para toda la vida). Método. En esta contribución, se presenta el
proceso seguido para diseñar y validar el marco teórico global de
las competencias clave del profesorado. Resultados. Se detallan los
pasos seguidos para la construcción de este marco de referencia,
empezando por una revisión sistemática de marcos competenciales
existentes en distintas zonas del mundo. Discusión. Se pretende
asegurar así la transferibilidad de este marco a otros contextos y
la armonización global; así como se especifican los diferentes
procesos de validación para fomentar su uso en futuros estudios e
investigaciones, promoviendo así la armonización global.
¿Hay ‘brotes verdes’ en la situación de la educación en el
contexto post-pandemia?
Authors: Ruiz-Mejías Marcel
Published: June 2020

El contexto actual de pandemia por el SARS-CoV-2 y el
confinamiento de la sociedad deja la educación de nuestro país en
una situación compleja y sugerente. Múltiples reflexiones han tenido
lugar durante los últimos dos meses acerca de este tema, de las
cuales se ha tratado de analizar en qué lugar queda el sistema
educativo en la situación post-pandemia, y qué marcos teóricos
pueden ser de utilidad para afrontar su inevitable transformación
para la llamada ‘nueva normalidad’. Tras este análisis, se indican
cinco reflexiones a partir de unos textos que se adjuntan sobre qué
temas se han considerado claves para acompañar esta transformación.
Finalmente, se pone en relevancia el posible nuevo papel de las
escuelas como centros sociales acompañados de un mayor peso del
proceso educativo en espacios digitales, poniendo en el centro de la
ecuación el trabajo de los y las docentes como motor de este cambio,
y acompañado por una transformación social transversal para hacer
posible un sistema educativo equitativo y de calidad.
Suppressing the amplified spontaneous emission in the high-power 1018-nm monolithic fiber laser by decreasing the feedback from the inner reflections
Authors: Tian Jiading , Xiao Qirong , Li Dan , Liu Zhoutian , Yu Weilong , Yan Ping , Gong Mali
Published: June 2020

We showed that decreasing the feedback that comes from the inner reflections of counter-propagating light could suppress the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) in the output of 1018-nm fiber lasers. With a simulation model to solve the power spectrum of multiple signals, we calculated the values of the feedback required for aimed power scaling. We realized low feedback by modifying the counter-propagating side of the setup, which included a home-made cladding light stripper on a no-core fiber that was angle-cleaved. With that, we demonstrated a 1018-nm monolithic fiber laser producing 506.4 W with

1

.58

-

M

2

beam quality, 84.9% optical–optical efficiency, and 148-pm linewidth. The maximum intensity of the ASE noises was

>

50

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B

lower than that of the 1018-nm signal, which could allow further power scaling with safety and stability.
Plasmonic nanoantennas on VO2 films for active switching of near-field intensity and radiation from nanoemitters
Authors: Gupta Nitin , Savaliya Priten B. , Dhawan Anuj
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we propose novel plasmonic switches based on plasmonic nanoantennas lying on top of a thin film of a phase change material such as vanadium dioxide (VO2), such that the near-field properties of these nanoantennas can be actively switched by varying the phase of the VO2 film. We employ finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulations to first demonstrate that the near-field intensity in the vicinity of the plasmonic nanoantennas can be substantially switched by changing the phase of the vanadium dioxide film from the semiconductor state to the metallic state. We demonstrate that a ring-bowtie nanoantenna (RBN) switch can switch the near-field intensity by ∼ 59.5 times and ring-rhombus nanoantenna (RRN) switch can switch the near-field intensity by a factor of ∼ 80.8. These values of the maximum intensity switching ratios are substantially higher than those previously reported in the literature. In addition, we optimize the various geometrical parameters of the plasmonic switches to maximize the intensity switching ratio and to understand how the different parameters affect the performance of the plasmonic switches. In this paper, we also show that the intensity of emission from a nanoemitter placed in the gap between the two arms of a plasmonic nanoantenna can be significantly switched by changing the phase of the VO2 film between its semiconductor state and the metallic state. To quantify the switching of emission from the nanoemitters placed in the near-field of the nanoantennas, we define and calculate a parameter, called FESR, the ratio of fluorescent enhancement factors in the on-state and off-state of the plasmonic switch. The maximum fluorescence enhancement switching ratio (FESR) of ∼ 163 is obtained for the RBN switch and FESR of ∼ 200 is obtained for RRN switch. The plasmonic switches being proposed by us can be easily fabricated by employing the conventional nanofabrication and thin film deposition processes.
Dual-channel sensing by combining geometric and dynamic phases with an ultrathin metasurface
Authors: Tan Qilong , Liu Hongchao , Zhang Shuang
Published: June 2020

Ultrathin metasurfaces consisting of subwavelength anisotropic plasmonic resonators with spatially variant orientations are capable of generating local geometric phase profiles for circular polarizations (CP) and can be used for multiplexing of electromagnetic waves. As the geometric phase solely depends on the orientation of dipole antennas, the phase profiles cannot be changed dynamically with external environment once the structure is fabricated. Here, by incorporating geometric phase and resonance-induced dynamic phase in a monolayer of nano gold antennas, we show that phase profiles of different spin components can vary independently through modification of the external environment. Specifically, the intensities of the + 1 and −1 order diffracted waves vary asymmetrically with the refractive index of surrounding media, forming a dual-channel sensing system. Our dual-channel sensing method exhibits very high signal-to-noise ratio and stability for sensing of liquid, monomolecular layer and even nanoscale motion, which will have potential applications in various fields, including biosensing, precision manufacturing, monitoring of environment, and logic operations.
Interference elimination based on the inversion method for continuous-wave terahertz reflection imaging
Authors: Wang Yifan , Wang Yuye , Xu Degang , Wu Limin , Wang Guoqiang , Jiang Bozhou , Yu Taoying , Chang Chao , Chen Tunan , Yao Jianquan
Published: June 2020

We propose a novel approach based on the inversion method to eliminate interference in the continuous-wave (CW) terahertz (THz) reflection imaging. Through the study on the imaging window of the CW-THz reflection imaging with the interference mechanism, inverse processing is introduced to realize the interference elimination. Based on the theoretical calculation, high resistivity float-zone silicon (HRFZ-Si) with high refractive index is selected as the imaging window to improve the dynamic range of the THz image. The interference elimination method is verified experimentally by a CW-THz reflection imaging system based on a THz quantum cascade laser (QCL) lasing at 4.3THz. The reflectivities of liquid samples of water and ethanol are restored by the interference elimination method, which corresponds well with the theoretical calculation. Moreover, the interference elimination method is performed on THz images of fresh biological tissues. The image contrast of tissue can be greatly enhanced with the accurate reflective information.
Integration of low loss vertical slot waveguides on SOI photonic platforms for high efficiency carrier accumulation modulators
Authors: Zhang W. , Ebert M. , Chen B. , Reynolds J. D. , Yan X. , Du H. , Banakar M. , Tran D. T. , Debnath K. , Littlejohns C. G. , Saito S. , Thomson D. J.
Published: June 2020

Silicon accumulation type modulators offer prospects of high power efficiency, large bandwidth and high voltage phase linearity making them promising candidates for a number of advanced electro-optic applications. A significant challenge in the realisation of such a modulator is the fabrication of the passive waveguide structure which requires a thin dielectric layer to be positioned within the waveguide, i.e. slotted waveguides. Simultaneously, the fabricated slotted waveguide should be integrated with conventional rib waveguides with negligible optical transition losses. Here, successful integration of polysilicon and silicon slot waveguides enabling a low propagation loss 0.4-1.2 dB/mm together with an ultra-small optical mode conversion loss 0.04 dB between rib and slot waveguides is demonstrated. These fabricated slot waveguide with dielectric thermal SiO2 layer thicknesses around 6 nm, 8 nm and 10 nm have been characterized under transmission electron microscopy allowing for strong carrier accumulation effects for MOS-capacitor electro-optic modulators.
Co-sputtered Pr3+-doped Ga-Ge-Sb-Se active waveguides for mid-infrared operation
Authors: Louvet Geoffrey , Normani Simone , Bodiou Loïc , Gutwirth Jan , Lemaitre Jonathan , Pirasteh Parastesh , Doualan Jean-Louis , Benardais Albane , Ledemi Yannick , Messaddeq Younes , Němec Petr , Charrier Joël , Nazabal Virginie
Published: June 2020

This work reports on the properties of luminescent waveguides based on quaternary Ga-Ge-Sb-Se amorphous thin films doped with praseodymium. The waveguides were fabricated via magnetron co-sputtering, followed by inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etching. The initial thin film thickness and optical properties were assessed and the spectroscopic properties of the waveguides were measured. The measurements show promising results—it is possible to obtain mid-infrared fluorescence at 2.5 and 4.5 µm by injecting near-infrared light at 1.5 µm as the pump beam. By comparing waveguides with various praseodymium concentrations, the optimal doping content for maximum fluorescence intensity was identified to be close to 4100 ppmw. Finally, correlation between the intensity of mid-infrared emission and the width/length of the waveguide is shown.
Valley-polarized local excitons in WSe2/WS2 vertical heterostructures
Authors: Cao Lingkai , Zhong Jiahong , Yu Juan , Zeng Cheng , Ding Junnan , Cong Chunxiao , Yue Xiaofei , Liu Zongwen , Liu Yanping
Published: June 2020

Two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs) are drawing growing interest in the investigation of their valley polarization properties of localized excitons. However, most of the reported vdWHs were made by micro-mechanical peeling, limiting their large-scale production and practical applications. Furthermore, the circular polarization characters of localized excitons in WSe2/WS2 heterostructures remain elusive. Here, a bidirectional-flow physical vapor deposition technique was employed for the synthesis of the WSe2/WS2 type-II vertical heterostructures. The interfaces of such heterojunctions are sharp and clean, making the neutral excitons of the constituent layers quenched, which significantly highlights the luminescence of the local excitons. The circular polarization of localized excitons in this WSe2/WS2 heterostructure was demonstrated by circularly-polarized PL spectroscopy. The degree of the circular polarization of the localized excitons was determined as 7.17% for σ- detection and 4.78% for σ+ detection. Such local excitons play a critical role in a quantum emitter with enhanced spontaneous emission rate that could lead to the evolution of LEDs. Our observations provide valuable information for the exploration of intriguing excitonic physics and the applications of innovative local exciton devices.
Fast Brillouin optical time-domain analysis using frequency-agile and compressed sensing
Authors: Chu Qi , Wang Benzhang , Wang Henan , Ba Dexin , Dong Yongkang
Published: June 2020

A fast Brillouin optical time-domain analysis (BOTDA) sensor has been proposed and experimentally demonstrated based on the frequency-agile and compressed-sensing technique. The proposed scheme employs a data-adaptive sparse base obtained by the principle component analysis algorithm, enabling the sparse representation of Brillouin spectrum. Then, it can be reconstructed successfully with random frequency sampling and orthogonal matching-pursuit algorithms. In the experiment, the Brillouin gain spectrum (BGS) is mapped by the conventional fast BOTDA, where the frequency step and span are 4 MHz and 500 MHz, respectively. By using compressed-sensing technology, the BGS is successfully recovered with 37 random frequency samples, the number of which is only 30% of the full data. With fewer sampling frequencies, the compressed-sensing technology is able to improve the sensing performance of the conventional fast BOTDA, including a 3.3-time increase in sampling rate and 70% reduction in data storage.
RECENT ORNITHOLOGICAL EXPEDITIONS TO SIBERUT ISLAND, MT. TALAMAU AND RIMBO PANTI NATURE RESERVE, SUMATRA, INDONESIA
Authors: Haryoko Tri , Johnson Oscar , Brady Matthew Lonsfert , Shakya Subir Bahadur , Irham Mohammad , Yohanna Yohanna , Ritonga Rusdiyan Parimpunan , Prawiradilaga Dewi Malia , Sheldon Frederick Halsey
Published: June 2020

Siberut Island, Mt. Talamau, Rimbo Panti Nature Reserve, and intervening locations in West Sumatra Province were visited during two expeditions in 2018-2019 by ornithologists from the Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense (MZB) - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Louisiana State University Museum of Natural Science (LSUMNS), and Andalas University. The main objective of these expeditions was to obtain data and tissue-subsample rich museum specimens for morphological and genetic studies of phylogeny and population genetics of Southeast Asian birds aimed at understanding the causes of avian diversification in the region. We also observed, photographed, and audio-recorded numerous bird species during the expeditions and archived these data. In total, 285 species were identified, and specimen material was collected from 13 species and 26 subspecies not previously represented in tissue resource collections. Here, we provide complete lists of birds found at each location, highlight distributional discoveries, and note cases of potential taxonomic, ecological, and conservation interest.
Anemia pada Sindrom Nefrotik Anak: Patogenesis dan Tata Laksana
Authors: Pardede Sudung O.
Published: June 2020

Sindrom nefrotik merupakan penyakit ginjal yang sering  pada anak, ditandai dengan  proteinuria masif, hipo­albuminemia, edema, dan hiperkolesterolemia. Sindrom nefrotik dapat menyebabkan komplikasi hipovolemia, renjatan, gangguan ginjal akut, infeksi, tromboembolisme, gangguan elektrolit, gangguan endokrin, dan anemia. Komplikasi ini disebabkan hilangnya protein melalui urin, seperti albumin, faktor koagulasi, imunoglobulin, hormone-binding protein, transferin, dan eritropoietin. Anemia pada sindrom nefrotik dapat disebabkan perubahan homeostasis besi dan transferin, pengeluaran eritropoietin melalui urin, defisiensi vitamin B12, serta peran obat dan logam. Ekskresi besi dan transferin melalui urin menyebabkan kadar transferin  plasma menurun yang mengakibatkan penurunan kadar besi plasma dan anemia mikrositik hipokrom. Kehilangan erItropoietin melalui urin menyebabkan anemia defisiensi eritropoietin. Kehilangan transkobalamin dan vitamin B12 melalui urin menurunkan kadar vitamin B12 plasma. Kehilangan seruloplasmin melalui urin dapat menyebabkan defisiensi tembaga yang mengakibatkan anemia. Obat angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) dapat menyebabkan anemia dengan mekanisme inhibisi eritropoiesis dengan menurunkan kadar eritropoietin sirkulasi. Keberhasilan terapi anemia pada sinrom nefrotik bergantung pada penyebab anemia. Anemia defisiensi besi diterapi dengan suplementasi besi. Pemberian eritropoietin rekombinan efektif dan aman dalam tata laksana anemia pada sindrom nefrotik. Defisiensi vitamin B12 diterapi dengan vitamin B12 dan anemia defisiensi tembaga diterapi dengan suplementasi tembaga glukonat.
A History of Laser Scanning, Part 1: Space and Defense Applications
Authors: Spring Adam P.
Published: June 2020

This article presents the origins and evolution of midrange terrestrial laser scanning (TLS), spanning primarily from the 1950s to the time of publication. Particular attention is given to developments in hardware and software that document the physical dimensions of a scene
as a point cloud. These developments include parameters for accuracy, repeatability, and resolution in the midrange—millimeter and centimeter levels when recording objects at building and landscape scales up to a kilometer away. The article is split into two parts: Part one starts with
early space and defense applications, and part two examines the survey applications that formed around TLS technologies in the 1990s. The origins of midrange TLS, ironically, begin in space and defense applications, which shaped the development of sensors and information processing
via autonomous vehicles. Included are planetary rovers, space shuttles, robots, and land vehicles designed for relative navigation in hostile environments like space and war zones. Key people in the midrange TLS community were consulted throughout the 10-year period over which this
article was written. A multilingual and multidisciplinary literature review—comprising media written or produced in Chinese, English, French, German, Japanese, Italian, and Russian—was also an integral part of this research.
Edaphoclimatic Zoning: Methodology and Application to Apple Cultivation in a Brazilian Watershed
Authors: Santos Geise Macedo dos , Cemin Gisele , Bortolin Taison Anderson , Schneider Vania Elisabete
Published: June 2020

The planning of land use and occupation is essential when it comes to seeking the best results in view of socioeconomic and environmental sustainability. In this context, Geographic Information Systems are tools that allow, through mapping, to identify physical and climatic characteristics aiming at the best result for a particular crop, which characterizes the edaphoclimatic zoning. This article aimed to elaborate and apply a methodology to create an edaphoclimatic zoning, focused on apple cultivation, having as study unit, the hydrographic basin of the Socorro River, located in countryside of the municipality of Vacaria, Brazil. Water demand and winter rest were considered as climatic parameters and pedology, areas of permanent preservation, and land use slope as physical parameters, obtaining a map with the representation of suitable and restricted areas. The results showed about 80% of the hydrographic basin corresponding to areas suitable for apple cultivation. The proposed methodology can be applied to other regions and other crops, thus supporting decision-making regarding land use and occupation, sensitivities and potenciality.
STRUCTURAL CONCEPTS IMPLEMENTED WHILE SURVEYING BUILDINGS OF HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL SIGNIFICANCE
Authors: Todorov Miroslav , Todorov Mihail
Published: June 2020

The study of cultural heritage is a multidisciplinary challenge. Working in this area meets a number of peculiarities, which put emphasis on a full study of the elements of the natural environment, as well as the need for brilliant techniques of construction to be used. The detailed studies of the monuments characteristics in a series of engineering areas over the last decade have led us to the conclusion that the creators of these monuments have achieved an important characteristic of their creations – securing their durability. From an engineering standpoint, the examples are valuable in terms of materials as well as the choice of a structural solution as their most important feature. In several sites with world cultural heritage status-the conservation and impact of the monument in the perspective of eternal longevity have been studied, while analyzing construction and the overall vision of the builders to the specific creation. It is these aspects that are the subject of research and it turns out that their role in preserving the monument is extremely important. This publication examines two monuments with extremely distinctive characteristics, requiring complex engineering research and thorough knowledge of natural and anthropogenic materials and their application in the construction techniques of the past. This is an example, and a basis for adequate solutions with an approach for long-term preservation of the structures.
INTERACTION OF TWO SEMI-CYLINDRICAL CANYONS EXCITED BY SH WAVES
Authors: Hayir Abdul , Cankaya Sinan Emre
Published: June 2020

The spectral analysis of strong earthquake ground motion needs detailed understanding of transfer function properties and source radiation along the wave propagation path. The main goal of this study is to evaluate the interaction of two semi-cylindrical canyons, which are subjected to the horizontally polarized shear-wave (SH-wave) and to find the transfer function properties of two canyons. In this study, the interaction of two semi-cylindrical canyons subjected to SH waves are considered and evaluated for a general angle of wave incidence. The method of Wave Function Expansion is derived, and the infinite series solution is obtained. Due to the complexity and convergence of infinite series including Bessel functions, the numerical results are limited. The convergence of the solution for the high frequencies requires the high order term. Moreover, the difficulties of this study come from convergence of the solution owing to interaction of two canyons having various dimensions and material properties. The closed-form solution of the problem shows that the surface topography can have prominent effects on incident waves when the wavelengths of incident motion are short compared to the radius of a canyon. The parameters, dimensions of the canyons, distance between two canyons, and the amplifications of the displacement amplitudes are obtained with respect to the incident angles of the waves and dimensionless frequency.
EFFECT OF MIX PROPORTIONS ON THE PROPERTIES OF CLSM CONTAINING RECYCLED GLASS
Authors: Solanki Pranshoo
Published: June 2020

This research examined the effect of mix proportions namely, water to cementitious (w/c) ratio and glass content, on the flowability and compressive strength of controlled low-strength (CLSM) mixtures. A total of 20 mixes containing different proportions of cement, sand, class C fly ash, coarser glass, finer glass and water were prepared and tested. Results showed that both flowability and strength are dependent on w/c ratio and type and percent of glass content. Strength of mixes containing high volume of coarser glass was found more sensitive towards w/c ratio. Further strength was found to improve with increase in finer portion of the glass powder. Density was also found to correlate well with the moisture content of CLSM specimens. Specimens with lower moisture content produced denser CLSM structure. The results of this study would be useful in establishing mix proportions for CLSM incorporating recycled glass, fly ash, sand and cement for commercial applications
IMPACT OF PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF GRANITE WITH PERIWINKLE AND PALM KERNEL SHELLS ON CONCRETE STRENGTH
Authors: Ogundipe Kunle E. , Ajao Adekunle M. , Ogunbayo Babatunde F. , Adeyi Adewale S.
Published: June 2020

Concrete has been universally known as conventional building material, which has great effect on walling unit of building production and its component. This experimental study sought the strength parameter of concrete produced with partial replacement of granite with 25% of Periwinkle and 25% Palm kernel shells respectively for future intending use.12 concrete cubes were produced with design mix of 1: 1½: 3 concrete and they were cured for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days to attain maximum strength. Physical properties conducted on the materials were specific gravity (SG), water absorption (WA), grain size distributions, dry and bulk density and mechanical property was also determined through compressive strength to analyze the strength parameter of the concrete. The outcome of the mean strength of three concrete cubes produced, revealed that it increased as the age of concrete progresses from 9.93 N/mm2 at 7 days, to 12.35 N/mm2 at 14 days, 13.73 N/mm2 at 21 days, and as high as 14.93 N/mm2 at 28 days respectively. Therefore, a design mix of 1: 1½: 3 of concrete produced with 25% Periwinkle and 25% Palm kernel shells is advised to be used for lightweight concrete and non-load bearing components in building especially pedestrian, non-motorable way, kerbs for cost effective and waste reduction.
SANITARY SEWER CONSTRUCTION COST COMPARISON BETWEEN TRENCHLESS CIPP RENEWAL AND OPEN-CUT REPLACEMENT
Authors: Kaushal Vinayak , Najafi Mohammad , Serajiantehrani Ramtin
Published: June 2020

Renewal and replacement of aging underground infrastructure, which mainly includes pipelines is one of the vital issues for the North American municipalities every day. Conventional replacement of these aging pipelines utilizes open-cut trenching methods that could be expensive both in rural and urban areas. In trenchless cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) pipeline renewal method, a liquid thermoset resin-saturated material is put inside the deteriorated pipe by hydrostatic, air inversion, or pulling inside mechanically and inflating. Then, the curing of the liner material used could be done in-place using three different ways such as, hot water, steam-or UV-cured to result in a final cured product. Trenchless methods are considered much more cost-effective. However, to make a comprehensive comparison, engineers and project owners will benefit from additional data. The objective of this study is to review past studies dealing with CIPP renewal method and open-cut pipeline replacement, and to compare their construction costs for renewing the small, medium, and large diameter sanitary sewer pipelines with the help of statistical analysis. It was found that mean construction costs of CIPP renewal is 57%, 63%, and 18% less as compared to the open-cut pipeline replacement for small, medium, and large diameter sanitary sewer pipes, respectively. It can be concluded that using CIPP method, municipalities can save millions of dollars in the renewal of underground utility systems. A life cycle cost analysis to evaluate and compare the construction, environmental, and social costs between CIPP renewal method and open-cut pipeline replacement is recommended.
CONSIDERATIONS ON THE APPLICATION OF EUROCODES 2 AND 4 FOR CONCRETE BRIDGES
Authors: Van Bogaert Philippe
Published: June 2020

The application of certain parts of Eurocodes may result in surprising conclusions. Three independent examples of code requirements are presented. A first striking example is the fatigue compression resistance of RC or PC bridge girders and the prediction of the resulting lifetime, which may be excessively low. The second issue concerns the limiting value of slenderness of concrete arches, which shows no logical relation to the load bearing capacity. An alternative for the definition of slenderness is proposed. The third item is the necessity to consider an uplift force in the design of connectors, thus excluding virtually the use of block connections. In all three cases, alternatives are being proposed, needing further research or allowing a different approach to these issues. In addition, clarification of some code recommendations may overcome misunderstanding or erroneous application.
Predicting Left Atrial Appendage Thrombus from Left Atrial Volume and Confirmation by Computed Tomography with Delayed Enhancement
Authors: Osawa Kazuhiro , Nakanishi Rine , Ceponiene Indre , Nezarat Negin , French William J. , Budoff Matthew J.
Published: June 2020

Assessing thromboembolic risk is crucial for proper management of patients with atrial fibrillation. Left atrial volume is a promising predictor of cardiac thrombosis. To determine whether left atrial volume can predict left atrial appendage thrombus in patients with atrial fibrillation, we conducted a prospective study of 73 patients. Left atrial and ventricular volumes were evaluated by cardiac computed tomography with retrospective electrocardiographic gating and then indexed to body surface area. Left atrial appendage thrombus was confirmed or excluded by cardiac computed tomography with delayed enhancement.

Seven patients (9.6%) had left atrial appendage thrombus; 66 (90.4%) did not. Those with thrombus had a significantly higher mean left atrial end-systolic volume index (139 ± 55 vs 101 ± 35 mL/m2; P =0.0097) and mean left atrial end-diastolic volume index (122 ± 45 vs 84 ± 34 mL/m2; P =0.0077). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, left atrial end-systolic volume index (per 10 mL/m2 increase) was significantly associated with left atrial appendage thrombus (odds ratio [OR]=1.24; 95% CI, 1.03–1.50; P =0.02); so too was the left atrial end-diastolic volume index (per 10 mL/m2 increase) (OR=1.29; 95% CI, 1.05–1.60; P =0.02).

These findings suggest that increased left atrial volume increases the risk of left atrial appendage thrombus. Therefore, patients with atrial fibrillation and an enlarged left atrium should be considered for cardiac computed tomography with delayed enhancement to confirm whether thrombus is present.
Acquired Long QT Syndrome after Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Rare but Potentially Fatal Entity
Authors: Gordon Samuel S. , Hollowed John , Hayase Justin , Macias Carlos , Wang Jessica , Middlekauff Holly R.
Published: June 2020

Acquired long QT syndrome is typically caused by medications, electrolyte disturbances, bradycardia, or catastrophic central nervous system events. We report a case of myocardial infarction–related acquired long QT syndrome in a 58-year-old woman that had no clear cause and progressed to torsades de pointes requiring treatment with isoproterenol and magnesium. Despite negative results of DNA testing against a known panel of genetic mutations and polymorphisms associated with long QT syndrome, the patient's family history of fatal cardiac disease suggests a predisposing genetic component. This report serves to remind clinicians of this potentially fatal ventricular arrhythmia after myocardial infarction.
Penyediaan Fasilitas Hunian di Perumahan KORPRI Salatiga: Realita dan Konsep Neighborhood Unit
Authors: Sunarti S , Yuliastuti Nany , Tyas Wido Prananing , Sari Dwi Putri Puspa
Published: June 2020

KORPRI housing in Salatiga City is one form of providing low-cost housing to overcome the backlog problem for civil servants who do not yet have a home. Since it was built in 2014, until now not 100% development has been realized, especially in the provision of residential facilities. It is important for an environment to be able to provide services and provide adequate facilities to meet the needs for the survival of the occupants. This study aims to examine the physical environment of housing based on the provision of facilities in KORPRI housing, Praja Mulia, in the perspective of a neighborhood unit as a physical structuring concept of an ideal residential environment. The method used is quantitative by using descriptive analysis techniques. Primary data collection techniques are carried out by means of observation and interpretation of images, secondary data derived from documents and literature studies related to KORPRI housing development. The results showed that based on the concept of neighborhood units, as cheap housing, Praja Mulia Housing with a planned population of 1,380 inhabitants had non-ideal neighborhood unit facilities. The existing facilities are only open spaces in 3 locations (3% of the total housing area) and other public facilities that are still planned. Novelti of this research housing for civil servants do not use environmental unit theory but only pay attention to the house as objects (nouns) used for investment and commodity. This condition creates a burden and becomes a challenge for the city and the surrounding area in providing facilities and services for residents who are not served in their neighborhood units.
Narrow-frequency sharp-angular filters using all-dielectric cascaded meta-gratings
Authors: Liu Wei-Nan , Chen Rui , Shi Wei-Yi , Zeng Ke-Bo , Zhao Fu-Li , Dong Jian-Wen
Published: June 2020

Selective transmission or filtering always responds to either frequency or incident angle, so as hardly to maximize signal-to-noise ratio in communication, detection and sensing. Here, we propose compact meta-filters of narrow-frequency sharp-angular transmission peak along with broad omnidirectional reflection sidebands, in all-dielectric cascaded subwavelength meta-gratings. The inherent collective resonance of waveguide-array modes and thin film approximation of meta-grating are employed as the design strategy. A unity transmission peak, locating at the incident angle of 44.4° and the center wavelength of 1550 nm, is demonstrated in a silicon meta-filter consisting of two-layer silicon rectangular meta-grating. These findings provide possibilities in cascaded meta-gratings spectroscopic design and alternative utilities for high signal-to-noise ratio applications in focus-free spatial filtering and anti-noise systems in telecommunications.
NanoLEDs for energy-efficient and gigahertz-speed spike-based sub-λ neuromorphic nanophotonic computing
Authors: Romeira Bruno , Figueiredo José M. L. , Javaloyes Julien
Published: June 2020

Event-activated biological-inspired subwavelength (sub-λ) photonic neural networks are of key importance for future energy-efficient and high-bandwidth artificial intelligence systems. However, a miniaturized light-emitting nanosource for spike-based operation of interest for neuromorphic optical computing is still lacking. In this work, we propose and theoretically analyze a novel nanoscale nanophotonic neuron circuit. It is formed by a quantum resonant tunneling (QRT) nanostructure monolithic integrated into a sub-λ metal-cavity nanolight-emitting diode (nanoLED). The resulting optical nanosource displays a negative differential conductance which controls the all-or-nothing optical spiking response of the nanoLED. Here we demonstrate efficient activation of the spiking response via high-speed nonlinear electrical modulation of the nanoLED. A model that combines the dynamical equations of the circuit which considers the nonlinear voltage-controlled current characteristic, and rate equations that takes into account the Purcell enhancement of the spontaneous emission, is used to provide a theoretical framework to investigate the optical spiking dynamic properties of the neuromorphic nanoLED. We show inhibitory- and excitatory-like optical spikes at multi-gigahertz speeds can be achieved upon receiving exceptionally low (sub-10 mV) synaptic-like electrical activation signals, lower than biological voltages of 100 mV, and with remarkably low energy consumption, in the range of 10–100 fJ per emitted spike. Importantly, the energy per spike is roughly constant and almost independent of the incoming modulating frequency signal, which is markedly different from conventional current modulation schemes. This method of spike generation in neuromorphic nanoLED devices paves the way for sub-λ incoherent neural elements for fast and efficient asynchronous neural computation in photonic spiking neural networks.
Fabrication of highly uniform nanoprobe via the automated process for tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Kim Dong Hyeon , Lee Chanwoo , Jeong Byeong Geun , Kim Sung Hyuk , Jeong Mun Seok
Published: June 2020

In a tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) system, using a sharp nanotip that comprises a noble metal is critical to attaining high spatial resolution and highly enhanced Raman scattering. A strongly acidic solution is typically used to fabricate gold nanotips in a quick and reliable manner. However, using an acidic solution could corrode the etching system, thereby posing hazardous problems. Therefore, both the corrosion of the etching system and human error induced by the conventional method considerably decrease the quality and reproducibility of the tip. In this study, we significantly increased the reproducibility of tip fabrication by automating the electrochemical etching system. In addition, we optimized the etching conditions for an etchant that comprised a KCl solution to which ethanol was added to overcome the limitations of the acidic etchant. The automated etching system significantly increases the yield rate of tip-fabrication reproducibility from 65 to 95%. The standard deviation of the radius of curvature decreased to 7.3 nm with an average radius of curvature of 30 nm. Accordingly, the automated electrochemical etching system might improve the efficiency of TERS.
Our factory
Authors: Vodopivec Nina
Published: June 2020

The article deals with textile workers’ memories of a socialist factory and industrial work in Slovenia, and their experiences during numerous contemporary restructurings and social transformations. It argues that textile workers were heavily marked by the disintegration of their community and loss of social recognition. The loss of the factory was experienced as personal and social loss, the loss of dignity and self-worth. Such experiences are connected to historically shaped meanings of factories, the role and position of industrial workers in the past socialist landscape, with particular memories and experiences of work. The metanarrative of socialist industrialization depicted them as protagonists of modernization and social development. They were co-creators of the industrial miracle, local infrastructure and social standard. They now felt robbed and dispossessed in a material and symbolic sense. The society showed little interest in their experience of such a loss. The absence of research and little attention paid to such questions by the society is connected to the way in which the society dealt with economic restructuring in Slovenia. The local experience is compared with other post-socialist ethnographies and industrial worker ethnographies in the transformed capitalist world.