bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intellectual capital and financial performance of industrial firms in emerging countries: Empirical evidence from Vietnam
Authors:   People&Global Business Association, Thi Nguyen Nguyet , Nghiem Van Thi
Published: May 2023

Purpose: This study contributes evidence on the impact of IC and its components for emerging countries, the case of Vietnam.
Design/methodology/approach: The research measures the value-added intellectual coefficient and applies the two-step system GMM model for the period 2005-2014.
Findings: Findings imply that IC contributes significantly to the industrial firm performance. Industrial firm performance is positively affected by Human capital efficiency (HCE) and Capital Employed Efficiency (CEE).
Generally, Structural capital efficiency (SCE) has an insignificant effect on the industrial firm performance. Impact of IC efficiency depends on the internal and external factors. The impacts of IC efficiencies differ among levels of knowledge intensity. Generally, HCE is more important than CEE. The impact of IC on industrial firm outcomes depends on knowledge intensity levels. The more knowledge intensive, the stronger impact of IC is. Only high knowledge intensive firms benefit from all three components of IC efficiency. HCE and CEE are most effective for firms with high knowledge intensity. SCE is strongest for firms at low knowledge intensity. Only CEE contributes to industrial firms at all knowledge intensity levels. HCE is insignificant for firms at low knowledge intensity, while SCE is insignificant for firms at medium level.
Research limitations/implications: The paper examines only one variable representing for firm financial performance, ROA. Controlled variables are only at industrial level, not at broader levels, such as provincial or national levels.
Originality/value: Investigating IC will contribute to literature of levels of investment in tangible and intangible assets. It helps firm leaders and policymakers to comprehend the significant role of IC as well as the knowledge economy, then properly reallocate intellectual resources. Firm leaders and policymakers should focus on HCE and CEE which driver significantly value added. The findings suggest firm leaders which component of intellectual capital they should invest corresponding to various level of knowledge intensities.
Co‐Creatively Producing Knowledge With Other‐Than‐Human Organisms in a (Bio)Technology‐Controlled Artistic Environment
Authors: Jacobs Antje , Devleminck Steven , Hannes Karin
Published: May 2023

Along with the increasing awareness about the destructive force of humankind on nature, existential questions about how to create a more sustainable relationship with the natural world have emerged. To acquire a more eco‐friendly attitude, we need to go beyond the well‐established knowledge cultures that highlight a nature versus culture dichotomy. This study focuses on bio art as an epistemic vehicle to re‐imagine our understanding of and connection to the natural world. Drawing on the theoretical stance of philosophical posthumanism, we discuss how artistic co‐creation processes involving humans and other‐than‐humans hold the potential to introduce a shift in our worldview from anthropocentric to ecocentric. We further question what this shift might imply for how we approach the complex relationship between humans and other‐than‐humans in our own research. We conducted a within‐case and cross‐case analysis of five bio art projects that previously won the Bio Art & Design Award (2018–2020). To analyze the data, we used a combined approach of visual and context analysis and material semiotics. Qualitative interviews were used as a data collection technique to investigate the lived experiences of both artists and scientists involved in the projects. Our findings suggest that bio art’s epistemic significance can primarily be found in its multispecies perspective: By following the wills and ways of bio‐organisms, bio art makes the invisible connection between nature and culture visible. Bio art can provoke our thinking about how to include and approach other‐than‐human agency in the context of socially engaged research practices.
Zero-Car Households: Urban, Single, and Low-Income?
Authors: Van Eenoo Eva
Published: May 2023

This article unravels, by employing two binary logistic regressions, the socio-economic profiles of zero-car households in Flanders (Belgium) and sheds light on their residential environment. The employed dataset contains information regarding the socio-economic status and car ownership of all individuals with a home address in Flanders. Furthermore, the study explores the proportion and size of voluntarily car-free and car-less households due to constraints within the Flemish population. It does so by classifying zero-car households based on a spatial typology and the income decile these households belong to. Results indicate that zero-car households are overrepresented at the bottom of the income distribution and are overwhelmingly single. Children’s presence contributes to the likeliness that a household owns a car. The spatial typology (urbanised, suburban, or rural) and the presence of public transport are minor but remain significant contributors. The main contribution of this article is that it highlights that despite the evidence that zero-car households are strongly present in urban areas, the share of zero-car households living in remote areas may not be underestimated. For the total population in Flanders, 5.47% of households may face problems due to their residential location and lack of a car, which comes on top of dealing with modest or low household budgets. Almost 37% of the zero-car population lives in an urbanised area and has a low income. This corresponds with 8.4% of the Flemish population. This group likely experiences a latent demand for car ownership. The households we can confidently identify as car-free, deliberately and voluntarily living without a car, are a minority group and account for approximately 5% of the Flemish population. The article concludes with the notion that involuntarily carlessness can be considered a proxy for vulnerability. However, urban planning centred around proximity, accompanied by housing policy that benefits low-income groups, can act as a buffer against transport vulnerability.
MODEL OF PERSPECTIVE OPTIMIZATION OF TOURIST ACTIVITIES IN THE CAPITAL CITY
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, Skorostetska Olha
Published: May 2023

Purpose. Consider the problems of tourism activities on the example of the capital city of Kyiv, with an emphasis on an integrated regional approach to the formation of a tourism development strategy, the creation of a model for the formation and implementation of an optimization strategy in the conditions of the formation of the destination "Kyiv". Methodology. Analytical, statistical, graphical, systemic and comparative geographic methods were used. Approbation. The main conceptual issues of the formation of tourist destinations and the problems of their accompanying components were studied by domestic scientists (M. Boyko, Yu. Zabaldina, A. Mazaraki, S. Melnichenko, I. Smirnov, T. Tkachenko and others) and were tested in previous works of the author of this articles. Scientific novelty. The relationship of tourism service providers with their consumers is dictated by the availability of modern technologies, approaches and methods for the formation of tourist destinations as components of an optimization model for tourism development. Today, theoretical, methodological and practical studies of the process of tourism development in the capital city in the form of tourist destinations are debatable, given the fact that the scientific literature has not yet formed clearly theoretical structures that would allow formulating the main components of the relationship in this form. destinations. In this article, the author proposes to consider a model for the formation and implementation of a tourism development strategy in the destination "Kyiv", which can become an algorithm for creating alternative models for tourist destinations in other regions, which have their own characteristics and differences in terms of natural resource and tourist and recreational potential, level development of tourism infrastructure and the level of qualification of tourism enterprises Practical significance. The article raises debatable issues related to the realities of modern life of people within the framework of innovative approaches to the activities of the tourism sector in Ukraine, with its problems, challenges and practical solutions. The materials of the publication can be used during the educational process in higher educational institutions that train specialists for the Ukrainian tourism industry, the practical activities of tour operators and agencies, in the process of work of departments and professional institutions involved in the tourism system of providing services or the processes of studying the issues of introducing innovative technologies in the tourism sector of Ukraine.
THE VALUES OF RECREATIONAL IMPORTANCE AND SUITABILITY OF URBAN GREEN AREAS FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF CULTURAL ECOSYSTEM SERVICES
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Kupach Tetyana , Korohoda Nataliya ,   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv
Published: May 2023

The purpose of the work is to determine indicators of recreational importance and suitability, as well as to develop a system of indicators of the recreational potential of green areas for their further use in the assessment of CES: aesthetic, recreational, and social exchange services and relationships. The method of work involves the application of previous experience of domestic and foreign research in the areas of resource assessment of territories for the purposes of organization and development of recreation. Evaluation and categorization of green zones according to the recreational opportunities defined in the system of values is carried out according to 5-point scales with clearly defined criteria of recreational qualities. The overall recreational importance and suitability of green zones for the provision of cultural ecosystem services is objectively determined as the total score of their recreational evaluation based on a set of indicators. Recreational value and suitability, characterized by parameters of medical and biological favorability, aesthetics and landscaping, form the overall recreational potential of urban green areas. The first group of parameters reflects the recreational usefulness of the green zone, and includes values of: phytoncide, dust and gas resistance, air ionization. The second group of parameters includes the value of the diversity of the dendrological composition of the plantations, visibility and uniqueness of the landscape, which generally determine its aesthetics. The third group of parameters reflects the general improvement of urban green zones and includes the value of infrastructure development, the presence of water bodies, historical-cultural/architectural/natural monuments, points of landscape discovery, etc. Recreational potential directly affects the overall capacity of green areas to provide cultural ecosystem services (CES). Scientific novelty. The work analyzed approaches to the assessment of recreational resources, based on the results of the analysis of previous experience, 10 values of the recreational potential of urban green areas were determined, which are important in the formation of the CES proposal. The offer of CES in urban ecosystems is formed not only thanks to the subjective perception of city residents, but also depends to an equal extent on a set of objectively existing conditions and factors of the territory, which is capable of providing cultural ecosystem services. Practical meaning. The determined values of the recreational potential of urban green zones will allow more objective consideration during the evaluation of all the recreational properties of the green zone, which determine its potential in providing CES. It is advisable to use such indicators in CES evaluation to reduce subjectivity in determining their offer.
The Legal Nature of the Institution of the Financial Ombudsman in the Russian Federation
Authors: Klimov V. V.
Published: May 2023

The paper analyzes the legal nature of the Financial Ombudsman. The conclusion is made about its multi-component nature. the paper examines both the components of the legal nature of this institution that are laid down by the normative regulation of the activities of the Financial Ombudsman in the Russian Federation and the historically inherent functions of this institution. In particular, the author dwells on the content of such functions of the Financial Ombudsman as protection of the rights of consumers of financial services, resolution of disputes between financial organizations and consumers of their services, participation in the adjustment of the process of interaction between financial organizations and consumers of their services, as well as information interaction with the Bank of Russia and other government agencies aimed at improving the current legal regulation of protection issues, explains the implementation procedure for the rights of consumers of financial services. The paper claims the necessity of preserving the multi-component legal nature of the institute in the course of its further development.
Retifanlimab and Other Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Squamous Cell Anal Carcinoma
Authors: Mencel Justin ,   Gastrointestinal Unit, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK, Rao Sheela ,   Gastrointestinal Unit, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
Published: May 2023

Metastatic squamous cell anal carcinoma (SCAC) accounts for almost 500 deaths per year in the UK. The optimal first-line treatment for metastatic SCAC consists of combination chemotherapy, which provides only modest benefit with a short duration of response. Currently, there is no established second-line treatment for chemorefractory disease. Retifanlimab (a programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitor) has shown promise in patients with refractory, metastatic SCAC based on the POD1UM-202 study, and has potential in the first-line setting in combination with chemotherapy. This article will review the current treatment paradigms for SCAC, including the future use of immune checkpoint inhibitors, with a focus on retifanlimab in the treatment of SCAC.
NÜFUS DEFTERLERİNE GÖRE GİRESUN’DA İÇ GÖÇ (1835-1845)
Authors: YADİ Ahmet
Published: May 2023

Osmanlı Devleti’nde ilk nüfus sayımı II. Mahmud zamanında yapılmıştır. Sadece erkeklerin sayıldığı bu sayımda kişilerin eşkâlleri ve yaşları belirtilmiştir. Bunun dışında bazı kişilerin nereye gittikleri veya nereden geldiklerine dair bilgiler de bulunmaktadır. Giresun’a ait ilk nüfus defterleri 1835-1845 yıllarına aittir. Giresun nüfus defterleri incelenerek ortaya çıkarılan iç göç hareketliliği bu çalışmanın temelini oluşturmuştur. Bu doğrultuda sayısal verilerle birlikte Giresun’a ait nüfus defterlerindeki gelen ve gidenlerden bahsedilmeye çalışılmıştır. Giresun ve ona bağlı idari birimlerden gelen nüfusa karşı giden nüfus büyük oranda fazla olmuştur. Gidilen yerler çoğunlukla Giresun’a civar olan yerler olmakla birlikte Osmanlı coğrafyasındaki uzak memleketlere göç edenler dahi olmuştur. İncelenen dönem itibariyle Giresun göç veren bir bölge konumundadır.
SÂLNÂMELERE GÖRE OSMANLILAR DÖNEMİNDE TRABZON’DA MEDRESELER
Authors: TERZİ Mustafa Zeki , ÖZTÜRK Hayrettin
Published: May 2023

Osmanlı dönemi kültür tarihine baktığımızda; ilk medresenin, Gâzî Orhan Bey (1326-1362) tarafından; o tarihte bu küçük Osmanlı beyliğinin merkezi olan İznik’te, H.731/M.1330 senesinde kurulmuş olduğunu ve bu medreseye, Türk âlim ve mütefekkirlerinden Şerefüddîn Dâvûd-i Kayserî’nin (ö.751/1350) ilk müderris olarak tayin edildiğini görürüz. Bu dönemde; Osmanlı ülkesinin bütününde ve Anadolu coğrafyasının her yerinde olduğu gibi Trabzon’un da merkezinde, kazalarında/ilçelerinde, nâhiyelerinde/kasabalarında ve köylerinde (karye, kurâ) medreseler (medâris-i ilmiye) açıldığı görülür. Bu medreseler; bulundukları yerlerde kurulan vakıflara (evkâf) veya kurucu ve ders okutucu hocalara (müderrisûn) bağlı olarak eğitim ve öğretim hizmeti vermekteydiler. Trabzon medreselerinin ilk yedisi Trabzon şehir merkezinde, ilk olarak şehrin fethinden (865/1461) sonra kurulmaya başlanmıştır. 1298/1881 yılına gelindi-ğinde, merkezdeki bu medreselerin sayısı dokuza ulaşmıştır. Trabzon’un kaza, nâhiye ve köylerinde, çeşitli tarihlerde kurulan ve eğitim- öğretim hizmeti veren medreseler içerisinde, sayı bakımından en fazla medresesi olan kazaların; Çaykara, Hayrat ve Kondu/Dernekpazarı dâhil olmak üzere köyleriyle birlikte 106 adet medrese ile Of kazası; yine Güneşera/Köprübaşı ve Araklı dâhil olmak üzere köyleriyle birlikte 73 adet medrese ile Sürmene kazası olduğunu görmek-teyiz. Aynı tarihlerde, Trabzon’un şehir merkezi ve merkeze bağlı köylerinde 23, Akçaabat’ta yedi, Çarşıbaşı’nda bir, Vakfıkebir’de iki, Beşikdüzü’nde iki, Tonya’da sekiz ve Şalpazarı’nda altı adet medrese eğitim ve öğretime devam etmekteydi.
A study on acute undifferentiated febrile illness in children (Age 2 Months to 18 Years)
Authors: Jain Bhupesh , Mittal Chirag , Goyal Suresh
Published: May 2023

: Acute Undifferentiated Febrile Illness (AUFI) is a common cause of patients seeking healthcare in India. Appropriate diagnosis is essential for proper management of children, since failure to identify the nature of the causative pathogen results in increased morbidity and mortality due to diseases either being untreated or treated with inappropriate antimicrobials, Also there is waste of medicines and increased resistance to antimicrobials, which has a major public health threat worldwide.

: To study clinical profile of children admitted with AUFI and to find out common causes of AUFI in Children (2 months to 18 years of age) and their seasonal trends.

: A prospective study was carried out over 200 children of age 2 months to 18 months admitted in Balchikitsalaya MBGH Hospital with Acute Undifferentiated Febrile Illness of less than 7 days duration over a period of 12 months from November 2021 to October 2022.

: Majority of the patients were in the age group of 10-15 years (32.5%). Out of 200 AUFI patients, majority had undifferentiated illness (53%) followed by Malaria (16.5%), UTI (12.5%), Dengue(11%), Scrub Typhus(5%) and Enteric Fever(2.5%). Higher incidence of AUFI was seen from August to November.

: More than 50% cases of Acute Febrile Illness were due to Undifferentiated Illnesses, hence it can be concluded that provided the cause of undifferentiated illness is found, the irrational use of antibiotics and antimalarial should be prevented.
Comparison of the accuracy of digital axillary thermometer (DAT) with infrared forehead skin thermometer (IFST) measurements in healthy newborns
Authors: Agarwal Veenu , Goel Anubhav , Shetty Rakesh
Published: May 2023

Temperature is an important vital sign. Body temperature is generally measured whenever there is suspicion of fever, but in neonates’ hypothermia is considered even more serious than fever. There are studies in pediatric intensive care units comparing various invasive methods of temperature measurement.

This was a cross sectional comparative study conducted in postnatal wards and outpatient department of a teaching hospital. All consecutive 348 healthy term neonates between 0-28 days of life whose parents consented for participation in the study were included. The axillary temp was taken with digital thermometer and forehead temperature were measured by temporal scanner device simultaneously. Doctor and caretaker both took the temperature measurement.

Out of total 348 patients 114 (32.7%) were males and 234(67.2%) were females. Mean birth weight was 2800±400 grams. Mean axillary temperature was 98.34±0.81°F, and forehead temperature was 97.81±0.89°F (p=0.44). There was a positive correlation between temperature measured using digital and infrared thermometer (r=0.914, p=0.00). The mean difference was −0.07 with limits of agreement −0.71 to 0.57.

Digital axillary temperature was higher and closer to normal than infrared forehead temperature. Temperature readings by forehead infrared thermometry agree well with those by axillary digital thermometry in neonates. Hence both methods of temperature measurement can be used in neonates although Infra-red temporal touch is much easier technique than digital axilla temperature measurement
Actividades de descanso y dificultades para su realización en estudiantes de medicina de la Universidad del Cauca, Colombia, durante la pandemia por SARS-COV-2
Authors: Bastidas Sánchez Beatriz Eugenia , Ordóñez Portilla Danilo , Dorado Galíndez Edwin Yamith , Urrea Tumbo Diego Gabriel , Rincón Villamil Yessica , Muñoz Bolaños Yeli Andrea , Robayo Bolaños Jenniferth Johanna , Agredo Gómez Julieth Camila
Published: May 2023

Introducción: un descanso adecuado determina el estado de ánimo y desempeño durante las actividades diarias, así como la salud mental y éxito académico de un estudiante de medicina, quien posee alta carga académica. Por esto, conocer qué actividades practican, así como las dificultades en las mismas orienta un abordaje que permita su adecuada ejecución. Objetivo: describir las actividades de descanso y las dificultades para su realización durante la jornada académica de los estudiantes de medicina de la universidad del Cauca en tiempos de pandemia por SARS-CoV-2. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo, transversal realizado en 230 estudiantes de medicina de la Universidad del Cauca, seleccionados con un muestreo probabilístico bietápico a quienes se les aplicó una encuesta virtual de 108 preguntas que abordó aspectos sociodemográficos y cada uno de los componentes del descanso y estilos de vida. Resultados: el 99.1% de estudiantes practican actividades de ocio. El 29.5% de ellos realizan sesiones de relajación. La actividad física estuvo presente en un 63.3%. La mayor parte de las actividades aumentaron durante el confinamiento. Las principales dificultades para su ejecución fueron la falta de tiempo y espacios físicos adecuados. Conclusiones: las actividades de ocio fueron las más encontradas en esta población, este resultado contribuye a la búsqueda de planes de mejoramiento asociados al bienestar estudiantil. Hace falta evaluar el estrés y más aspectos sobre salud mental, nuevos estudios podrían enfocarse en este aspecto de suma importancia en estudiantes de medicina.
"Common soldier" of literature. Review of the publication "Selected" by A.K. Goldebaev (Semenov)
Authors: Akimova Anna S.
Published: May 2023

The article reviews the publication: Goldebaev (Semenov) A.K. Selected / Compilation, preparation for publication, introductory article by M.A. Perepelkin, K.I. Morozovа (Samara, 2022). The book compilers have done a great research work on the study of the biography of the Samara writer A.K. Goldebaev and the publication of his three stories, which made up a kind of "autobiographical trilogy": "Bastards", "Mean Condition" and "In the Prairie" ("Summer Vacation"). The introductory article attempts not only to outline the external and internal mechanisms of influence on the formation of the writer's personality, but also to determine the place of Goldebaevs in the historical and literary process at the turn of the 19th20th centuries. Thus, preceding the publication of Goldebaev's works, the compilers are trying to understand why the writer's name was forgotten in the 20th century. A consequential description of the life of the undeservedly forgotten writer is combined with a subtle analysis of his poetics. All this is intended to arouse the reader's interest in the personality and work of the provincial writer, who could remain in memory not only as a contemporary and correspondent of A.P. Chekhov and M. Gorky or a friend of A.S. Neverov, but also as an artist-thinker who comprehended his tragic time through literary images.
Publicity of the non-profit sector: federal and regional trends
Authors: Baeva Elena S. , Bocharov Vladislav Yu. , Malakanova Olga A.
Published: May 2023

The article is devoted to the introduction of digital technologies into the practices of non-profit organizations. The authors consider the all-Russian and regional trends of data of the non-profit sector publicity and digital competence. The main purpose of the analysis is to show how the publicity affects the digitalization level of civil society institutions, primarily the nonprofit sector. The article was based on the data of research projects conducted earlier on this issue, as well as the results of a sociological study initiated by the Public Chamber of the Samara region with regional experts involved (representatives of authorities at various levels, non-profit organizations, public chambers and public councils). The empirical study was carried out in 2 stages. At the first stage, a survey was conducted in an online format by sending emails with detailed instructions for respondents (total 50 people were interviewed). At the second stage, to clarify the collected empirical information, 2 in-depth interviews were conducted with the experts selected among those who participated in the survey earlier and who had experience in working with the digital environment and non-profit organizations of the Samara region. The data analysis describes the current situation in the field of the publicity of non-profit organizations, the results and risks of digitalization in the third sector.
Dimensões da legislação consumerista aplicada à economia compartilhada no turismo: perspectivas sobre o cenário normativo no Brasil
Authors: Juliano Tiago
Published: May 2023

As transformações nas relações de fornecimento e consumo de serviços turísticos provocadas pela emergência de modelos de negócios da economia compartilhada geraram a necessidade de atualizar ou criar novas normas jurídicas que atendam às particularidades do consumo colaborativo. Com base na revisão de referências de estudos sobre economia compartilhada, apesquisa tem natureza descritiva, levantando ocorrências de empresas turísticas nos órgãos de defesa do consumidor no Brasil. Por meio de análise documental, discute-se a introdução de uma maior preocupação das normas consumeristas com a economia compartilhada. Por sua vez, a análise do conteúdo de documentos de comissões de defesa do consumidor e de normas de turismo – em especial, do Projeto de Lei n. 2.994/2020 – permitiu indicar quais dimensões da economia compartilhada são priorizadas na produção legislativa recente. Objetiva-se identificar os principais avanços e lacunas na legislação consumerista aplicada àsplataformas de consumo compartilhado no turismo. O estudo demonstra que a economia compartilhada tem sido regulamentada apenas parcialmente, predominando uma postura reativa que prejudica a inovação nesse setor.
A gastronomia como elemento de diferenciação do turismo na Paraíba
Authors: Da Silva Isabel Christina Araújo , Maracajá Kettrin Farias Bem
Published: May 2023

A gastronomia vem se configurando como elemento de destaque na experiência turística do indivíduo. A presente pesquisa busca analisar a importância da gastronomia no desenvolvimento do turismo na Paraíba. Quanto à metodologia, propõe uma abordagem qualitativa que investiga impressões de turistas que visitaram o estado da Paraíba, fazendo a aplicação de um questionário com questões objetivas e subjetivas, cujas questões abertas passaram por tratamento textual através do software Iramuteq. Os resultados evidenciaram uma valorização de particularidades da gastronomia paraibana por parte dos respondentes, chegando a ser considerados um fator motivador para nova visita ao estado. Para tanto, é necessário que a gastronomia ganhe espaço dentro dos debates sobre turismo no estado, sendo incorporada aos roteiros turísticos e diferenciando o destino frente a outros.
Workplace Bullying And Employee Reaction; Demographics, Work Position And Form Of Mistreatment
Authors: Petasis Andreas
Published: May 2023

It has been reported that workplace violence occurs every other day, and this is quite a misnomer. It ranges from ordinary verbal abuse to getting physical among employees. All forms of workplace bullying should be shunned and completely rebuffed towards creating a more enabling and healthier working environment for employees, as this is the only way to actual growth and productivity of an organization. A reasoning for this study is to acquaint managers with what workplace bullying is all about so that they can take full responsibility for their employees in a way to clamp down on the hazard and provide a better working environment for their employees. Organizations should take conscious efforts by looking into some of the practices and cultures that are operational in their workplace and annul some of them that are promoting workplace bullying. This qualitative study aimed to copiously probe into the phenomenon of workplace bullying, in a way to adequately study the style and pattern, via the use of 1050 questionnaire responses from employees in Cyprus. Results revealed that bullying is more rampant in the workplace, between the superiors/ managers and their junior workers. Junior workers are subjected to different forms of ill-treatment from the superiors like hurling abuses at them, making them work overtime, out of which job intimidation takes the lead. Female workers are more vulnerable to workplace bullying than their male counterparts -but it's noteworthy to say that the bully can either be a male or female- the question of who bullies is not determined by gender. Employee responses may not however, reflect reality due to the nature of the study and the subtlety of the issue. Further studies can focus in which segments of the industry workplace bullying occurs more frequently, as well as in legislative matters.
La conciliación imposible. Las negociaciones entre españoles y americanos en la Independencia del Perú, 1820-1824
Authors: Martínez Riaza Ascensión
Published: May 2023

El 14 agosto de 1879 España y el Perú firmaban un Tratado de Paz y Amistad, que establecía el marco de las relaciones diplomáticas entre ambos países después de varios intentos que no se consolidaron. Habían pasado 55 años desde la capitulación de Ayacucho, firmada el 9 de diciembre de 1824, que sentenciaba el final del gobierno español tras más de tres años de guerra (Novak, 2001, pp. 25-27). No fueron solo tiempos de guerra, también de correspondencia, conversaciones y de negociaciones que derivaron en la firma de armisticios que detuvieron transitoriamente el enfrentamiento armado. Los dos intentos negociadores de mayor calado fueron los de Miraflores (del 24 de setiembre al 4 octubre de 1820) y Punchauca (del 4 mayo de 1821 a una fecha final variable, según proceda de San Martín, el virrey o el gobierno español), ambos mantenidos con San Martín por iniciativa de los virreyes Pezuela y La Serna, que seguían órdenes de las instancias peninsulares y que son las más tratadas por la historiografía. El otro escenario fue el Alto Perú, plataforma para negociar con los insurgentes del Río de la Plata, cuya ciudad norteña de Salta se convirtió en 1821 y 1823 en punto de encuentro de distinto cariz. Las negociaciones tuvieron corolarios, como la petición de ciudadanos notables de Lima en diciembre de 1820 a través del Ayuntamiento constitucional para que Pezuela, después de Miraflores, las reiniciara; también el encuentro de Torreblanca de febrero de 1821 que precedió a Punchauca; la correspondencia entre San Martín y Canterac entre enero y diciembre de 1821, en la que el libertador apelaba al talante liberal del oficial realista para llegar a acuerdos; o la propuesta de San Martín a La Serna, de julio de 1822.
Reduciendo lo irreductible
Authors: Saitō Akira , Rosas Lauro Claudia
Published: May 2023

Los viajeros que visitan las ciudades latinoamericanas, no podrían dejar pasar inadvertido su carácter planificado y uniforme: la plaza central cuadrada, la iglesia y el ayuntamiento que dan a ella, las calles rectas y perpendicularmente cruzadas, las manzanas divididas en partes iguales, etcétera. Los que pondrían los pies en las comunidades rurales con una fuerte presencia indígena, se darían cuenta de que la misma estructura urbanística se reproduce en ellas. Es impresionante encontrar, en medio de los valles empinados de la sierra central del Perú o de las pampas anegadizas de las tierras bajas de Bolivia, un pequeño centro urbano ordenado en forma de damero, el que parecería ser el único baluarte de la civilización contra el salvajismo que lo rodea y engloba (Figura 1). De hecho, estas comunidades rurales cuentan con las organizaciones civiles y eclesiásticas idénticas a las de las ciudades y los comuneros practican la misma forma de autogobierno y cristianismo. Estas urbes en miniatura son una herencia directa o indirecta de una política colonial que este libro pretende examinar.
Un espacio integrado. Lima y los pueblos de indios de su comarca
Authors: Vergara Ormeño Teresa Carolina
Published: May 2023

El trabajo está dividido en cinco acápites. El primero presenta las características más importantes de Lima como capital del virreinato, subrayando su carácter multiétnico y el diverso tipo de actividades que tenían lugar en la ciudad. El segundo muestra el proceso de concentración de los grupos étnicos del Rímac y el Chillón en pueblos al estilo español así como los problemas que este proceso suscitó para estas poblaciones. El tercero se ocupa de las dificultades que surgen entre la población de la ciudad y los pueblos de indios debido al control de la tierra y el agua. El cuarto trata sobre las necesidades de la ciudad en productos y mano de obra y la respuesta de la población indígena local a estas demandas. El último acápite muestra el continuo movimiento de hombres, productos, conocimientos e ideas que hicieron de Lima y los pueblos de indios de su comarca un espacio integrado.
Las reducciones : el proyecto, su aplicación y su evolución en Huaylas, Perú (siglos XVI y XVII)
Authors: Zuloaga Rada Marina
Published: May 2023

El objeto de este artículo es mostrar la manera en que uno de los más emblemáticos y revolucionarios proyectos coloniales hacia la sociedad india, el de las reducciones, fue evolucionando en el tiempo, alejándose de la forma en que había sido concebido e implantado por el gobierno imperial y tomando derroteros insospechados.
Pleitos coloniales : "historizando" las fuentes sobre pueblos de indígenas de los Andes
Authors: Penry, S. Elizabeth
Published: May 2023

En 1603, un grupo de nativos andinos (los dichos «indios») solicitaron permiso al virrey para crear un nuevo pueblo donde podían ser reasentados para constituir una nueva «república», como los funcionarios coloniales llamaban a las comunidades autónomas con derecho a una representación legal frente al rey. Ellos sostenían que necesitaban un nuevo pueblo, pues, como demandaban, Todos Santos de Tomave, su pueblo original, estaba dominado por indios corruptos y salvajes, lo cual imposibilitaba que fueran buenos cristianos. Los nativos andinos pidieron al virrey que nombrase un juez para diseñar una «plaça yglecia cassas de cavildo y todo lo demas necisario conforme a derecho» para su nuevo pueblo de Santiago de Tolapampa. El virrey Luis de Velasco acogió su petición y ordenó que el cura doctrinero viajara regularmente las pocas leguas que separaban a los dos pueblos para decir misa y enseñar a los indios la doctrina cristiana. Sin embargo, solo unos pocos años más tarde, el corregidor acusó al cura de quemar las nuevas casas de Tolapampa para de este modo forzar a los indígenas a regresar a su pueblo original. El cura contraatacó negando que hubiese destruido el nuevo pueblo e insistió en que la petición que habían realizado los indios al virrey había sido desde el inicio una mentira: era simplemente un ardid para permitirles regresar a sus prácticas idolátricas lejos de sus ojos vigilantes. Asimismo, les dijo a sus parroquianos indígenas que le iba a contar la «verdad» al virrey y que este «os mandara quemar el pueblo y que seais cristianos y bolvaies a Tomahabi».
La política de reducciones y sus efectos en la sociedad chiquitana (Siglos XVII-XVIII)
Authors: Tomichá Charupá Roberto
Published: May 2023

La concentración de la población indígena en pueblos o reducciones representó, desde los inicios de la conquista americana, uno de los métodos usados por civiles y eclesiásticos para facilitar la integración en la sociedad colonial de los numerosos pueblos autóctonos dispersos. De este modo se favorecía, tanto la consolidación del sistema social, político y económico español como el arraigo y apropiación del cristianismo por parte de los indígenas. Una experiencia particular de reducciones fue emprendida por los religiosos jesuitas en diversas regiones de América Latina, como en el caso de «Chiquitos» (actual Oriente boliviano), durante los años 1691- 1767. En la región de Chiquitos numerosos pueblos indígenas de variadas lenguas fueron congregados en diez reducciones dando inicio a un proceso interactivo e intercultural, que gestará el pueblo denominado actualmente «chiquitano». Se ofrece una síntesis de este proceso, teniendo presente en modo particular las resignificaciones y apropiaciones sociales, culturales, religiosas y simbólicas vividas por los propios chiquitanos durante y después de la expulsión de los jesuitas.
Consolidación y reproducción de las parcialidades tras la implantación de las reducciones en el Moxos jesuítico
Authors: Saitō Akira
Published: May 2023

Aparte de la introducción y la conclusión, el artículo se divide en cinco capítulos. El primero presenta un panorama histórico de las misiones de Moxos. El segundo y el tercero examinan la organización social autóctona, la implantación de las reducciones y la instalación de las parcialidades en los barrios. El cuarto y el quinto explican los efectos de los cambios demográficos sobre las parcialidades y las estrategias de estas para reclutar nuevos miembros.
Cacicazgo, territorialidad y memoria en las reducciones jesuíticas del Paraguay
Authors: Wilde Guillermo
Published: May 2023

Las reducciones jesuíticas del Paraguay exhiben rasgos que las diferencian de otras experiencias «menos exitosas» de la evangelización en la América colonial. Uno de ellos es su enorme continuidad en el tiempo: la acción y presencia jesuítica en la región se mantuvo más de 150 años y solo fue interrumpida por la expulsión de la orden de todos los dominios de la corona española, cuando ese modelo reduccional se encontraba en plena expansión. Otro rasgo está representado por las dimensiones demográficas: en los treinta pueblos guaraníes, como usualmente fueron denominados, llegaron a habitar más de 140 000 indios en la tercera década del siglo XVIII. Cada uno de esos pueblos de reducción, cuya población podía ascender a las siete mil personas, estaba tutelado por entre dos y cinco sacerdotes jesuitas. Buena parte de la estructura política, económica y social que montaron los ignacianos sobrevivió a su partida durante muchas décadas.
Efectos socioculturales de la política de reducción en las misiones jesuítico-guaraníes : transformación del cacicazgo y nacimiento de una nueva identidad
Authors: Takeda Kasuhisa
Published: May 2023

Este trabajo consta de dos partes. La primera parte examina el rol de los caciques y las características del modo de vivienda en la sociedad autóctona de los guaraníes, considerando el proceso de legitimación de los caciques en la tradición española y su impacto en la cultura indígena. En particular, se presenta una discusión de mediados del siglo XVII, sobre la tasación a los caciques guaraníes. La segunda parte plantea un análisis comparativo de un padrón y otras dos listas de nombres y apellidos de los caciques. El tema central de esta sección es la relación entre el orden de los cacicazgos en el padrón y el prestigio de cada uno en las misiones jesuíticas. Asimismo, se estudia la relación entre la función social de los barrios, las zonas establecidas en el espacio misional, y la formación de una nueva identidad de los guaraníes.
Debate en panel : la lucha anticorrupción desde el sistema de justicia peruano
Authors: San Martín Castro César
Published: May 2023

Hay algunas ideas generales acerca de la corrupción que me parecen importantes para fijar el debate y establecer la agenda de la discusión. Siempre he planteado, en torno a la corrupción, dos grandes líneas de trabajo: primero, considerar que la lucha contra la corrupción es una política de Estado; y segundo —y en la línea profesional del derecho penal—, afirmar que el delito de corrupción es un delito de Estado, un delito del sistema, un crimen del sistema. Dichas consideraciones implican un conjunto de efectos y consecuencias sumamente interesantes, no solo en la regulación jurídica, sino también en la institucionalidad que ello acarrea.
Panel : Blanche Cotlear y Gabriel Sánchez
Authors: Cotlear Blanche , Sánchez Gabriel
Published: May 2023

Daré una perspectiva técnica sobre el tema que nos convoca, pero antes quisiera recalcar el título de este seminario, pues está enfocado en la anticorrupción como política del Estado, lo que significa que estamos tratando de analizar toda la oferta de la gobernabilidad respecto a la lucha en contra de la corrupción desde el propio Estado.
Sobre la agenda ética de la democracia
Authors: Alegría Ciro
Published: May 2023

Como profesor de Filosofía de la PUCP me especializo en Ética, Filosofía Política y Control Democrático de Fuerzas Armadas e Inteligencia. No obstante, ahora les pido que me acompañen en algo muy discutible: un esfuerzo de teorización de la corrupción con el fin de analizar una serie de matices, cosas que parecen subjetivas, delicadas o culturales, pero que influyen en este tema. Creo que de este seminario podemos concluir que un primer rasgo general de la corrupción es su distinción en dos niveles: la gubernativa o política, que es la grande, la fuerte, y la del funcionario, la menor, que no se reproduce tanto por sí sola y no es tan contagiosa.
Entre "lo local y lo externo". El rol del territorio local en la transformación histórica del sistema alimentario de Lima Metropolitana
Authors: Pajuelo Bravo Jose Alonso
Published: May 2023

El sistema alimentario representa un componente esencial para el sostenimiento de las ciudades que surge de la interrelación de actores, infraestructuras y recursos naturales, lo que propicia la producción, transformación, almacenaje, distribución, comercialización y consumo de alimentos. De esta manera, el sistema provee suficientes alimentos diversos e inocuos a la población local. En Sudamérica, la región hidrográfica del Pacífico ha albergado sociedades que conformaron sistemas alimentarios que transitaron desde la autosuficiencia prehispánica hasta la apertura a cadenas económicas nacionales y globales contemporáneas, periodo donde los sistemas alimentarios de metrópolis, como Lima Metropolitana, son sostenidos predominantemente por territorios productivos fuera de la ciudad , mientras el suelo cultivable próximo a la ciudad es reducido o degradado por el incremento poblacional y urbanización no planificada. Esta tendencia muestra un sistema alimentario metropolitano marcado por la relación entre lo local y lo externo, lo que permite cuestionar si esta relación dicotómica ha elevado la vulnerabilidad del sistema frente a escenarios de crisis global o nacional y reducido el sostenimiento de la seguridad alimentaria en la ciudad. El presente texto analiza la transformación histórica del sistema alimentario de Lima para reflexionar sobre el aporte del territorio local metropolitano a la seguridad alimentaria.
Determinación de la calidad ambiental de las ex relaveras Azalia y Chonta (Pasco, Perú), por medio de monitoreos ornitológicos
Authors: Saenz Cortez Carlos Alberto , Vilela Saldarriaga Johanna Mariel
Published: May 2023

Mediante monitoreos ornitológicos realizados en las ex relaveras de Azalia y Chonta del 9 al 12 de marzo de 2021, ubicadas en el Distrito de Goyllarisquizga (Pasco), se ha determinado que la calidad ambiental es de ponderación Media. Señalándose, además, que es importante la restauración y reforestación de los componentes ecológicos de ellas ya que, según los resultados obtenidos, el 89.06% de las especies encontradas se encuentran registradas en la Lista roja de especies amenazadas de la UICN, catalogadas como Leves según la versión 3.1 de la segunda edición de las Categorías y criterios de la Lista roja de la UICN. Asimismo, el 10.92% de aves son endémicas de la zona, que significaría que solo pueden habitar ese tipo de ecosistemas, y el 3.36% de aves son catalogadas como CITES y se ubican en el Apéndice II de CITES, por lo que se puede concluir que el 89.06% de las especies son sensibles.
El derrame de petróleo en la refinería La Pampilla y sus efectos en el ecosistema marino costero y la economía local del distrito de Ancón (Lima, Perú)
Authors: Wasiw Buendía José Iván , Villalobos Porras Eduardo Martin , Velásquez Cokche Aaron Rodrigo
Published: May 2023

El presente artículo hace un repaso sobre lo ocurrido con el derrame de petróleo en la refinería La Pampilla y sus externalidades negativas generadas al ecosistema marino costero y en los pescadores artesanales y pobladores que viven del turismo y la gastronomía local en el distrito de Ancón; y a las estrategias ejecutadas por el sector privado y por el Estado peruano hasta la fecha en el manejo de dichas externalidades negativas generadas al medio ambiente y a los actores sociales mencionados. A partir de esta revisión se plantean algunas propuestas de acción, que quedarán en materia de discusión o aportes, vinculadas a la remediación del ecosistema dañado, y a la reactivación de la pesca artesanal y economía local, en el corto, mediano y largo plazo en el distrito de Ancón.
Seroprevalence of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) in Indian Buffaloes
Authors: Patil Sharanagouda S. , Suresh Kuralayanapalya Puttahonnappa , Velankar Akshata , Nayakvadi Shivasharanappa , Hiremath Jagadish , Jacob Siju Susan , Sridevi Rajangam , Gowda Chirathahalli Shivamurthy Sathish , Gejendiran Narayanan , Shome Bibek
Published: May 2023

Background: Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) is an infectious disease of bovines causing respiratory problem, abortions and reduced milk yield leading to huge economic losses. IBR is endemic in India. India ranks first in buffalo population. Reports on seroprevalence of IBR in cattle in India are available but not in buffaloes. The study was aimed at conducting a seroprevalence of IBR in Indian buffaloes. Methods: A total of 1000 buffalo serum samples collected randomly from top 10 milk producing states of India and were tested for IBR antibodies using Avidin-Biotin (AB) ELISA. Result: Cumulative seropositivity was found to be 43.30%. Punjab and Andhra Pradesh states showed highest (58%) and lowest (27%) seropositivity respectively and were part of north and south zone of the country. India has highest number of buffalo population. Presently, India do not vaccinate bovines against IBR and should take call on vaccination of dairy buffalo after having witnessed a high seroprevalence of IBR. This is the first report of such kind of number of buffalo samples tested for IBR antibodies.