bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Freedom as a Key Value of the Volunteer Movement
Authors: Iliuk O. Y.
Published: December 2023

Purpose of the article is to find out the main content and ways of embodying freedom as a value of the volunteer movement in the context of analyzing the social motivation of human behavior in general. Theoretical basis. The theoretical basis of the research is the philosophical and anthropological understanding of freedom as a person’s creative overcoming of obstacles to establish his or her eccentric essence. Such a vision is embedded, in particular, in Karl Jaspers’ philosophy of existence, Helmuth Plessner’s philosophy of positioning in the world, and Paul Ricœur’s philosophy of rational choice of life path. Originality. The importance of freedom as a value, as well as other social values, is revealed and specified through the analysis of the values of the volunteer movement. In the desire of people engaged in volunteer work to achieve freedom through other values, the content of freedom as a basis for self-reproduction of the individual, community and society is revealed. Conclusions. Representatives of various humanities and social sciences have distinct research interests in analyzing the values inherent in volunteers. As members of a certain society and certain communities in this society, volunteers do not act outside the economy, politics and other spheres of public life, but reveal their freedom through creative and non-standard solutions to economic, political, and other problems. At the same time, research psychologists focus attention on the personal self-realization of a person, theorists and practitioners of social work study volunteers’ desire to gain recognition from peers and other small social groups, and representatives of sociology, political science and other social sciences focus their attention on such socially significant values of volunteering as patriotism, solidarity, etc. The task of social philosophy is to justify the desire to contribute to the public good, which is common to all volunteers. Representatives of philosophical anthropology look for the best social intentions inherent in a person as a member of society in volunteering. Analysis of the values of volunteering as a motivator of human behavior provides knowledge of socially significant values inherent in every member of society to a greater or lesser extent.
Determination of Attitude Towards Oneself by Personal and Situational Factors
Authors: Kolodyazhna A. V.
Published: December 2023

Purpose. The article presents a descriptive characteristic of the functioning of a person’s attitude to oneself, the formation of self-awareness through a combination of one’s emotional and creative features with the components of attitude toward oneself, which allows one to study in depth the process of formation and development of a mature, adapted personality. Theoretical basis. The existing variety of scientific approaches makes it difficult to systematize the aspect under study and prevents the formation of a clear structure of a person’s attitude toward oneself. The study of self-consciousness of the personality remains relevant in connection with a wide range of issues related to the development of knowledge of the mechanisms that act as internal determinants of the individual originality of the personality’s life realization. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is as follows: the principles of determinism of mental phenomena, the activity concept of self-consciousness, the provision on the regulative function of emotions in activity, the concept of creative activity and ideas about the personality’s creative characteristics. Originality. The author supplemented and expanded knowledge about the phenomenon of self-attitude, the mechanisms of its formation and features of determination based on the systematization of thematic issues; the idea of the determination of attitude toward oneself, in particular, by personal and situational factors, in the context of its functioning in the conditions of activity with creative elements has been further developed. Conclusions. Attitude toward oneself, emotional and creative features of the personality have a common problematic aspect with regard to their nature of interaction and the necessity for the expediency of their unification as a subject of interaction with the world.
The Concept of Anthropotechnics in the Social and Humanitarian Dimension
Authors: Bazhan S. P. , Chernova N. S.
Published: December 2023

Purpose. This research defines the conceptual foundations of anthropotechnics as a science that studies modern processes of interaction between humans and technologies in the socio-humanitarian dimension. Theoretical basis. The authors use the method of anthropological analysis, which allows generalizing the approaches of anthropotechnics in the socio-cultural context in the "human-technology" system. Originality. Based on the results of the research, the understanding of the essence of anthropotechnics as a science that studies human interaction with technologies and technical systems has been clarified. The idea of implementing anthropotechnical approaches to the management of the educational process gained further development, in particular in the context of practical training of applicants for education, distance learning, and dual education forms. The concept of professional activity and professional self-realization of the individual is taken into account, and promising directions in the development of anthropotechnics in the context of the application of artificial intelligence are determined. Conclusions. Considering anthropotechnics in a philosophical and sociocultural dimension is an important approach to understanding the interaction of technologies, people, and society as a whole, where technologies affect human perception of the world and interaction with it. The range of approaches chosen by the authors, the disclosure of their principles and categories allows for considering the object of this research – anthropotechnics as a modern science – in a multifaceted and holistic way, to interpret the results of the research based on the use of the basic categories of approaches: a person, equipment, technology, activity, development, personality, system.
Os usos abusivos da historiografia profissional pelos negacionismos históricos no Brasil em tempos de crise democrática
Authors: Oliveira Rodrigo Perez
Published: December 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é examinar as especificidades do negacionismo histórico praticado pelo Guia politicamente incorreto da história do Brasil, tanto em seu formato impresso, publicado em 2009, como na versão adaptada para a TV, que foi ao ar em 2017. A hipótese sugere que esse tipo de negação abusa de verdades possíveis delineadas pela historiografia profissional, sobretudo do topos das agências subalternas. Busco inspiração teórica nos conceitos de “história abusiva” e “memória manipulada”, propostos, respectivamente, por Antoon De Baets e Paul Ricoeur. O texto está dividido em três partes: primeiro, examino o uso abusivo do topos da agência escrava, desenvolvido pela “nova história da escravidão” nos anos 1980. Em seguida, faço o mesmo para o topos da agência indígena, desenvolvido pela “nova história indígena” nos anos 1990. Demonstro como uso abusivo é motivado por finalidades políticas eticamente repulsivas que pretendem negar a necessidade de políticas públicas reparatórias destinadas a grupos sociais historicamente oprimidos. Na conclusão, proponho uma agenda teórico/política de enfrentamento a essa modalidade de negacionismo histórico.
Public Health: Organization of Health Care Services and Health Economics
Authors: Солодухина Дина , Рындина Вера , Солянина Виктория
Published: December 2023

The study manual in the course «Public Health, Health Care and Health Care Economics» for the 4th year international medical students in topics «Organization of Health Care Services and Health Economics». Study manual is designed for international medical students, receiving undergraduate training in qualification 31.05.01 (Medical Doctor), who continue to study Public Health in the 2nd semester of the 4th year. The manual includes topic plan of practical classes in Organization of Health Care Services and Health Economics. Every topic contains importance of the topic and purpose of self-preparation, plan of studying the topic, questions for self-control, situational tasks and tests in the form of multiple-choice questions, essential information to study, recommended sources of literature. The manual will be useful for medical students studying in English medium as well as for the teachers of Public Health of medical universities giving lectures and practical classes for international students studying Public Health and Health Economics, for all who are interested in the topic.
Инженерно-интеллектуальное обеспечение технологических процессов в железнодорожном строительстве
Authors: Полянский Алексей
Published: December 2023

В монографии представлены результаты системотехнических исследований в области совершенствования инженерно-технического сопровождения железнодорожного строительства. Исследована существующая система оценки результатов разработки и контроля реализации технологических процессов строительства объектов железнодорожного пути. Определены этапы разработки и реализации технологических процессов содержащие задачи, решение которых требует применения как расчетных, так и расчетно-логических процедур (моделей). Для решения таких задач рассмотрены возможные пути применения методов и средств искусственного интеллекта. Представлено описание подсистемы инженерно-интеллектуального обеспечения технологического процесса строительства объекта железнодорожного пути, как части системы инженерно-технического сопровождения железнодорожного строительства. Для практического применения результатов исследования описаны математическая и концептуальная модели интеллектуальной автоматизированной системы с демонстрацией работы ее составляющих программных модулей в экспериментальном режиме. Монография предназначена для специалистов проектных и подрядных организаций, решающих задачи технологического проектирования железнодорожного строительства, а также научных и инженерно-технических работников, занимающихся разработкой и исследованием строительных технологических процессов. Издание может быть полезно студентам и аспирантам.
Практикум по ландшафтоведению
Authors: Гайворон Татьяна , Парахина Елена
Published: December 2023

Данное пособие предназначено для практических занятий по ландшафтоведению. В нем представлены практические работы, включающие и теоретический материал. Данное учебное пособие может быть использовано для студентов высших учебных заведений.
Identifiziert euch (nicht): Deixis, Adressierung und Distanzmanagement in Shida Bazyars Drei Kameradinnen
Authors: Niehaus Judith
Published: December 2023

This article examines deixis and reader address in narrative texts in order to develop a differentiated and appropriate understanding of identification for the analysis of literary texts, especially with regard to questions of identity and representation. Taking a close reading of Shida Bazyar's 2021 novel Drei Kameradinnen as a starting point, I show how deictic procedures and the inclusion or exclusion of readers in addressing them function on the one hand as strategies managing and navigating distance and proximity, and on the other hand as devices constituting a co-presence of narrator and reader. Drei Kameradinnen in particular, directly addressing the reader and involving them in deictic procedures and literary text in general, by employing deictics and implying addressees, demand an identification, conceived as a process not of empathizing with a character, but of adopting a deictic center of orientation (origo).
Genre Features of the Photoekphrasis Short Story by J. Finney “The Face in the Photo”
Authors:   Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University named after V.P. Astafiev, Poluektova Tatiana A.
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the genre features of the short story by the American writer J. Finney "The Face in the Photo". An attempt is made to define the genre of the concept of "photoekphrastic fantasy detective". The classic detective component of the story in the finale is modified due to the complication of the finale: the policeman finds himself at the mercy of an accomplice of the wanted criminals. The fantasy component is realized by moving the characters from the present to the past. Photoekphrastic component is realized on the account of photographic ekphrasies. The totality of all these elements is dependent on the statement of the leading problem – the degree of human responsibility for interference in the past.
“Big” and “Small” Worlds of Children in the Novels by F.H. Burnett (“Little Lord Fauntleroy”)
Authors:   Perm State University, Byachkova Varvara A.
Published: December 2023

The article analyses the world around the child in “Little Lord Fauntleroy” by F.H. Burnett. In F.H. Burnett’s latter works much attention is given to the dynamics of child’s inner world interruction with the world around. In “Little Lord Fauntleroy” the inner world of a kind, loving and noble child becomes the focus of attention with its ability to change its environment and even “bring-up” the adults and improve the reality. This improvement includes breaking the social boundaries of the “small” world (the Earl’s Castle) and national stereotypes of the “big” world (the USA the Great Britain).
England and America in “Little Lord Fauntleroy” by Fransis Hodgson Burnett: The Harmony of Balance
Authors:   Perm State University, Byachkova Varvara A.
Published: December 2023

The article analyses the world around the child in “Little Lord Fauntleroy” by F.H. Burnett. In F.H. Burnett’s latter works much attention is given to the dynamics of child’s inner world interruction with the world around. In “Little Lord Fauntleroy” the inner world of a kind, loving and noble child becomes the focus of attention with its ability to change its environment and even “bring-up” the adults and improve the reality. This improvement includes breaking the social boundaries of the “small” world (the Earl’s Castle) and national stereotypes of the “big” world (the USA the Great Britain).
Cognition of the ‘Alien’ in Hilary Mantel’s Short Story «Curved is the Line of Beauty»
Authors:   Perm State University, Grafova Olga I. , Sypacheva Elizaveta S. ,   Saint-Petersburg State University
Published: December 2023

The article is dedicated to the analyses of the story «Curved is the Line of Beauty» by H. Mantel. The article deals with both the dichotomy of "own - alien" and the problems of post-colonial British literature. In the story, the author conveys a child's perception of people; H. Mantel breaks down stereotypical perceptions of dark-skinned people by processing the image of the dark-skinned person through the naive and creative perception of the child. We can better experience this childlike perception through the narrative's feature of the integration of the author and the narrator, so that the reader receives information from the 'primary source'. At the same time, despite the fact that the child's consciousness is not burdened with negative thoughts towards black people, the 'alien' is never able to become 'own' for the protagonist.
Fairy-Tale Plots and their Transformations in Sylvia Plath’s Early Poems
Authors:   National Research University «Higher School of Economics», Barinova Ekaterina V.
Published: December 2023

In her work, Sylvia Plath repeatedly refers to mythological and fairy-tale images. The characters associated with fairy tales and folk culture in general are not so numerous and arise mainly in the early work of the poetess. But even stories about Cinderella, Bluebeard or a princess descending into the goblins’ kingdom acquire mythological associations, turning into a kind of allegory of life. Through fairy-tale images, the poetess tries to overcome the existential fear of death and the psychological trauma received in childhood after the death of her father.
«On a Voluntary-Compulsory Basis». on the Question of the Structures of Coercion in the Late Soviet and Post-Soviet Times
Authors:   Perm State University, Chashchukhin A. V.
Published: December 2023

The ironic expression in «voluntarily-forcibly» is familiar to every person living in our country. We are talking about externally voluntary actions of an individual or a group of persons in conditions of indirect/unoffi cial/semi-offi cial coercion. These practices were well known to the Soviet people in various forms: organizing a May Day demonstration, collecting money by the chairman of the local committee, organizing an appearance at an offi cial event. Traditionally, it is customary to pay attention to the formalization and meaningful emasculation of these events in the late Soviet period. Meanwhile, an important element of «voluntary coercion» is surprising – the absence of problems for the organizers of these social interactions. Despite the external absurdity of many events, the initiators of grassroots activism assessed the events as very successful. Despite the internal alienation/distancing, the voluntarily forced participants did not violate the rules of social performances. Surprisingly, such forms of organization/control turned out to be very long in time, having reached the present day in a slightly modifi ed form. The article attempts to present a historical and sociological model of the analysis of the above socio-political communications. This model is an adaptation of the conceptual apparatus of I. Hoffman’s frame theory, which makes it possible to consider Soviet and post-Soviet public rituals in a new way.
Crisis in the All-Russian Society for the Protection of Historical and Cultural Monuments: Changing the Rules of the «Game» and Adapting to New Realities in the First Half of the 1980s
Authors:   Perm State University, Nepliuev P. A. ,   Perm Museum of Local Lore
Published: December 2023

In the fi rst half of the 1980s the All-Russian Society for the Protection of Historical and Cultural Monuments (VOOPIK) faced serious fi nancial diffi culties, lost control over experimental jewelry factories that had been created under the auspices of VOOPIK since the late 1960s, and became the object of inspections. Having found itself in new conditions, VOOPIK reduces, interrupts or cancels many restoration projects, and refuses to take new initiatives. As a result, signifi cant changes emerge in the fi nancial structure of the Society, staff reductions appear and a number of other consequences take place.Within the framework of the article, the crisis situation in the structures of the VOOPIK in the fi rst half of the 1980s and its attempts to survive in new realities will be considered.
Activities of the Sverdlovsk Branch of the Society of Soviet Czechoslovak Friendship for the Development of International Cooperation
Authors:   International Center for Demographic Research of the Ural Federal University, Beklenishcheva M. V.
Published: December 2023

In the conditions of the Cold War and interruption of offi cial diplomatic contacts between the USSR and Western countries, the mechanisms of paradiplomacy are activated. Friendship Societies and Cultural Ties with foreign countries are an important mechanism for the development of international humanitarian cooperation in the late Soviet period. The key areas of activity of Friendship Societies were cultural, educational, sports, scientifi c contacts, international tourism. The effectiveness of the Friendship Societies is evidenced by the creation of a signifi cant network of regional and city branches, including tens of thousands of primary organizations. The paper examines the activities of the Sverdlovsk branch of the Society of Soviet-Czechoslovak Friendship from the moment of its creation to the termination of its activities. The annual increase in the number of collective members of the Society of Soviet-Czechoslovak Friendship testifi es to the success and relevance of the organization. The studied materials of archives, museums, personal memories of the participants of the events allow us to conclude that the activity was voluntary, but fi nancial, organizational, etc. support of party bodies played an important role.
APPLICATION OF INTERNAL COATINGS IN ORDER TO INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY OF NATURAL GAS TRANSPORTATION AND REDUCE CORROSION DAMAGE TO THE PIPELINE WALL
Authors: Pryakhin E.I. , Azarov V.A. , Petkova A.P. , Modestova S.A.
Published: December 2023

With the development of the fuel and energy complex of the Russian Federation, new problems and challenges are emerging that require new scientific and technical solutions. At the moment, the length of pipelines through which various types of hydrocarbons are transported is growing. At the same time, the number of easily recoverable hydrocarbon reserves decreases every year, and at the same time their quality characteristics deteriorate, there is a need for a higher degree of their preparation for further transportation and additional purification. As a result, the corrosion effect on the pipe wall increases, leading to a decrease in the service life of the pipeline. Along with this, the share of heavy components in hydrocarbon mixtures transported through pipeline systems increases, which leads to an increase in energy costs for their transportation. These factors lead to a qualitative change in transportation conditions and, accordingly, to the need for additional technical solutions to protect pipes from corrosion and ensure the efficient operation of pipeline systems due to the increase in pressure losses along the length of the pipeline. As a result, it is necessary to achieve a reduction in energy costs for the transportation of natural gas. The problems of reducing pressure losses during natural gas transportation, as well as preventing corrosion wear of the internal cavity of the main gas pipelines are very relevant and require serious research to solve them.One of the effective ways to reduce energy loss during natural gas transportation and protect the inner wall of the pipeline from corrosion damage is the use of internal smooth polymer coatings of steel pipelines. At the same time, due to the growing influence of the negative factors listed earlier, there is a need for a critical analysis of existing technical solutions for their compliance with the current state and prospects for the development of the oil and gas complex.The article discusses existing and promising developments in the field of application of internal coatings in order to increase the efficiency of natural gas transportation and reduce the amount of corrosion damage to the pipeline wall.
CALCULATION OF SPECIFIC SURFACE AREA AND POROSITY OF PACKING OF MASS-EXCHANGE COLUMN WITH MODIFIED RASHIG RINGS
Authors: Golovanchikov A.B. , Zalipaeva O.A. , Merentsov N.А. , Sinenko T.N. , Zalipaev P.P.
Published: December 2023

New modified Rashig rings are proposed for mass transfer packing columns. Inside these rings, plate elements are attached to rods or springs in the form of rolled spirals with spiral gaps to increase the contact surface area of the phases. A formula linking the porosity and specific surface area of the packing through its geometric dimensions is obtained, allowing for the theoretical determination of one of these parameters based on the known value of the other. An example calculation of specific surface area using the derived formula for a standard Rashig ring is provided. It is demonstrated that the calculation results coincide with reference tabular values. The use of the derived formula in technological calculations of mass transfer columns allows for the theoretical determination of initial parameters (porosity or specific surface area of the packing) without the need for reference or experimental data. An analytical formula for determining the specific surface area of the proposed modified packing is derived. The ordered arrangement of this packing on the support grids of the mass transfer column apparatus is considered, with the spiral element of the modified packing having three turns with uniform spiral gap and made of thin plates. An example calculation of the specific surface area of the proposed modified Rashig ring is given for the considered packing arrangement in the column apparatus. The porosity of the modified packing is calculated using the proposed formula. A comparative analysis of the porosity and specific surface area of the proposed modified Rashig ring with a plate rolled in a spiral inside it and the standard Rashig ring is performed. The results show an increase in specific surface area of the packing in the modified ring by 1.5 times or more, from 65 to 102.7 m2/m3, with a slight decrease in porosity from 0.6 to 0.55 m3/m3. This reduces the calculated height of the packing layer in the mass transfer column apparatus and, consequently, the height and volume of the apparatus itself. The use of the new modified Rashig rings allows for a significant reduction in the total volume of packing in packing columns during extraction, absorption, desorption, and rectification processes.
ОБОСНОВАНИЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЙ РАЗВИТИЯ ТОПЛИВНОГО РЫНКА В РЕГИОНАХ СИБИРИ И ДАЛЬНЕГО ВОСТОКА
Authors: Nemov V.Yu. , Filimonova I.V. , Provornaya I.V. , Kartashevich A.A.
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the fuel market of the regions of the Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts based on cluster analysis. It is shown that the spatial structure of oil refining capacities in Russia is heterogeneous. Significant refining capacities are located in the Volga, Southern, and Central federal districts, while throughout the entire territory of Siberia and the Far East, which is significantly larger in area than the European part of Russia, there are only 7 large refineries. And the economy of these regions does not largely depend on the reliability of the only channels for the supply of petroleum products. Diversification of the regional fuel market can increase the region’s resilience to interruptions in the supply of traditional automobile fuel. The purpose of the work is to study the fuel market of individual constituent entities of the Russian Federation to justify the choice of promising areas of development, among which the authors highlight: the development of gas motor fuel, the development of electric transport, or maintaining the leading role of traditional automobile fuel. The analysis was carried out on a sample of 18 regions (Siberian and Far Eastern federal districts), for each of which the most important indicators were selected that characterize the socio-economic, infrastructural, environmental and climatic state of the regions. For the task at hand, the k-means method was chosen. As a result of cluster analysis, three groups of regions were identified with similar parameters within the groups and the maximum difference between the groups. For the regions of the first group, the optimal scenario would be to stimulate the development of the gas motor fuel market and support the population in converting engines to run on gas motor fuel. For the regions of the second group, increasing the use of alternative fuels, including the development of electric motor transport, has high potential. For the regions of the third group, it is advisable to focus on developing the market for traditional and natural gas motor fuel. It is recommended for some regions to develop programs to stimulate the development of the fuel market in relevant areas to reduce the operating costs of vehicles and ensure the reliability of meeting the demand for automobile fuel.
The Essence of Intentions in Constructing Agency in the Indonesian Muslim Intellectual Community
Authors:   Department of Anthropology, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java 16424, Indonesia, Syukur Yanuardi
Published: December 2023

Background The Institute for the Study of Islamic Thought and Civilization (INSISTS) is an Indonesian Muslim intellectual organization with agents envisioning the future through writing. From 2003 to 2023, INSISTS agents conducted various activities such as studies, lectures, and writing about various topics continually associated with the Islamic worldview. Despite the fact that each agent’s capacity is different, they act under a shared vision, specifically spreading Islamic ideas and forming Islamic civilization. Each agent has the intention to change the world around him through writing. Objective This paper seeks to examine the intention to imagine whether the future is the main component that forms its agency or it is a component that complements other agency’s components, such as cultural construction and power relations. Methodology This paper is an ethnographic study of the Jakarta INSISTS community, including participants’ observation, in-depth interviews, and researchers’ involvement in joined discussions. As a qualitative research method, this paper also uses a literature study on books written by INSISTS agents. Conclusion This paper shows the capacity of intention to envision that the future is important and has a significant impact on the behavior of everyday agents in spreading Islamic thought. The intention is formed from religious memory, cultural memory, causality, cause and the effect affecting the agent and the agent’s focus on intellectual work such as writing books and organizing in the spirit of ukhuwah Islamiyah or Islamic brotherhood. They also shape this intentional ability with innovation to produce new knowledge through exploratory studies. The writings of INSISTS agents are motivated to carry out synergy between agents in the form of spreading Islamic thought as the basic foundation of the formation of Islamic civilization. Writing books is an example of how agents synergize for the INSISTS community
Precision Drugs are Needed for Precision Medicine to Work
Authors:   NangioTx, Inc., Newark, NJ 07102, USA, Petrak Karel
Published: December 2023

Precision medicine (PM) tailors disease prevention and treatment to people’s genes, environments, and lifestyles, claiming to target the right treatments for the right patients at the right time. However, it needs precision drugs with molecular structures that interact with precisely defined disease targets to do so
Impact of Type I Diabetes Mellitus and Associated Biopsychosocial Stressors on Mental Health on Indian and Hispanic Children
Authors:   Siyan Clinical Corporation, 480 B Tesconi Circle, Santa Rosa, CA 95401, USA, Shah Anish S. , Sharma Navyaa ,   Siyan Clinical Corporation, 480 B Tesconi Circle, Santa Rosa, CA 95401, USA, Shah Siya A. ,   Siyan Clinical Corporation, 480 B Tesconi Circle, Santa Rosa, CA 95401, USA
Published: December 2023

Context Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) affects children worldwide, with the highest concentrations in India and the United States (U. S.). Estimates project a potential incidence increase of up to 107% by 2040. Caused by an immune disorder destroying pancreatic cells, T1DM requires strict lifestyle adjustments. This paper focuses on this disease's physical, cultural, and economic challenges to mental health among Indian and Hispanic youth and their families. Evidence Acquisition The authors reviewed recent scholarly literature on type 1 diabetes (T1D) as it relates to mental health among Indian and Hispanic populations aged 18 years or younger. The authors performed a comprehensive search on the PubMed database. After reviewing the retrieved studies, the authors examined 18 fully relevant papers, focusing on the studies’ important quantitative and qualitative findings, methods, results and conclusions. Results Financial and emotional burdens of T1D affect Indian and Hispanic families. Many families spend a significant amount of their income on diabetes care. Depression was prevalent among T1D patients, especially in Latinos/Hispanics, and was associated with suicidal ideation. Hispanic caregivers, in particular, face cultural challenges and social isolation. Conclusion Type 1 diabetes creates multiple challenges for Hispanic/Latino and Indian youth and their families. Economic struggles and high treatment costs increase the risk of hospitalization and frequent doctor visits. Adolescents risk developing eating disorders that exacerbate mental health challenges. The burden typically falls on the whole family rather than just the individual diagnosed, indicating that standard mental health interventions become routine for pre-adult patients and their families.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome in Uganda: A Mini Situational Review
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroti University, School of Health Sciences, QJ8G+6X6, Arapai, Uganda, Kabwigu Samuel
Published: December 2023

Globally, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a major public health concern and several countries continuously lay down strategies to contain this pandemic. In Uganda, the government is committed to putting an end to new cases of HIV transmission. According to the latest Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) estimates, since the start of the global HIV/AIDS pandemic, over 75 million people have been infected with HIV and over 32 million people have died from acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) related illnesses. As of June 2021, UNAIDS estimated that globally, there were about 38 million people living with HIV (PLHIV) with the East and Southern African countries, home to 700 million people, contributing 45%. Uganda has an estimated 1.4 million people living with HIV of which 1.3 million are currently on treatment (Ministry of Health (MoH) Annual Estimates 2021). The country has registered a 37% decline in AIDS annual related deaths, from 27,000 in 2016 to 17,000 in 2021. New HIV infections in 2021 stood at 54,000. This review will highlight some of the efforts put in place to ensure that by 2030 AIDS will not be a public health threat to Ugandans.
Heyde Syndrome as Cause of New-onset Heart Failure in the Setting of Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve: A Case Report
Authors:   West Virginia University (WVU) Medicine, Wheeling Hospital, Wheeling, WV 26003, USA, Campbell Emily F. , Ramesh Ramya ,   West Virginia University (WVU) Medicine, Wheeling Hospital, Wheeling, WV 26003, USA, Kuhel Cody ,   The Washington Hospital Health System, Fremont, CA 94538, USA, Machani Sathyanarayana ,   West Virginia University (WVU) Medicine, Wheeling Hospital, Wheeling, WV 26003, USA
Published: December 2023

This report describes the case of a 70-year-old female with a history of bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement. She presented to the emergency department with significant shortness of breath and bilateral lower extremity edema, which was found to be secondary to new-onset acute symptomatic congestive heart failure in the setting of Heyde syndrome.
Cultural Comparisons of Aging Policies and Care for Older Adults in Japan and the United States: A Review
Authors:   Tokyo Medical Dental University, Tokyo Japan, Nakajima Hiroshi , Powers James S. ,   Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), TN 37212, USA and Division of Geriatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
Published: December 2023

This review article critically examines the health status, healthcare policies, and specialized medical care for older adults in Japan and the United States, with a focus on the cultural underpinnings that shape these differences. The article synthesizes existing literature to provide insights into the challenges and potential solutions for providing care to aging populations in both countries.
Prevalence, Associated Factors and Management of Neonatal Jaundice by Midwives and Nurses of Selected Health Facilities in Fako Division, Cameroon
Authors:   Department of Nursing, University of Buea, BP63 Buea, Cameroon, Eta Enow V. A. , Awuembom Aseh B. ,   Department of Nursing, University of Buea, BP63 Buea, Cameroon, Ngek Ekongefeyin S. N. ,   Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Buea, BP63 Buea, Cameroon
Published: December 2023

Background Neonatal jaundice is a problem commonly faced by neonates and it is responsible for hospital readmissions worldwide. Aim To determine the prevalence, associated factors, and management of neonatal jaundice by midwives and nurses. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional and retrospective study was conducted. Copies of a well-structured questionnaire were administered to participants in the maternity and neonatal units of Buea and Limbe Regional Hospitals and the Baptist Hospital Mutengene. The files (230) of neonates admitted in these hospitals from January 2019 to March 2022 were studied and data collected using an extraction sheet. Fifty (50) midwives and nurses who had worked for more than six-months participated in the study. A purposive sampling method was used to select the health facilities while the participants were enrolled using a consecutive convenient sampling technique. Respondents who met the inclusion criteria and gave their consent to participate in the study were included. The study received administrative authorization from the Department of Nursing Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea and the Regional Delegation of Public Health South West Region. Data collected were entered using a pre-designed EpiData version 28.0 and analyzed. Results The prevalence of neonatal jaundice was 15.2%; 65.7% of the jaundiced neonates were preterm babies, 51.4% of the cases were noticed within the first-week of life, 91.4% had Apgar scores of <6 and 85.7% had low birth weight. The majority of them (68.6%) were resuscitated at birth and more than half were preterm babies. Maternal fever, prolonged labor, premature rupture of the membranes was significantly associated with neonatal jaundice. Half (50%) of the participants reported that they would collect samples for bilirubin only if the baby was still yellow and 82% said it is important to give fluids during phototherapy because it helps keep the baby hydrated. Conclusion The prevalence of neonatal jaundice is a cause for concern. Therefore, midwives and nurses are call upon to educate pregnant women on the predisposing factors and should acquire competencies in order to properly manage babies upon diagnosis.
Liver-Directed Therapy and Systemic Chemotherapy for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma with Liver Metastases: Experience of 12-years
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, UCF School of Medicine, Orlando, FL 32827, USA, Orlando Health Cancer Institute, Orlando, FL, USA, Monter Cancer Center, Lake Success, NY, USA and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA, Saif Muhammad W. , Goyal Shreya P. ,   Monter Cancer Center, Lake Success, NY, USA, Maloney Antonia ,   Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA, Smith Melissa H. ,   Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA, Jose Jyothi ,   Monter Cancer Center, Lake Success, NY, USA
Published: December 2023

Background Pancreatic adenocarcinoma with liver metastases (PCLM) has a poor prognosis with a median survival of ≤6-months. Treatment options are limited as only a few patients can undergo curative surgery, therefore locoregional therapies such as liver-directed therapy (LDT) may offer an adjunct to systemic therapies. The purpose of this retrospective study is to evaluate the efficacy of incorporating trans-arterial radioembolization (TARE) with Yttrium-90 (Y90), trans-arterial chemoembolization (TACE), and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) with systemic chemotherapy in the treatment of PCLM. Methods We retrospectively evaluated 42 patients, with data available on 39 patients, with PCLM who underwent LDT between February 2007 and March 2019. Patient outcomes were assessed using response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST), Version 1.1 treatment-related adverse events were assessed using common terminology criteria for adverse events (CTCAE), version 5.0. Results Of 39 patients, 56% underwent TARE, 36% RFA, and 7.8% TACE. The median overall survival (mOS) was 5-months (range 4 to 5.5-months) from the application of LDT and the one-year mOS was 7.8-months (6.5 to 9.5-months). Overall and liver-specific disease response included complete response in 2.5%, partial response in 59%, stable disease in 21%, and progression of disease in 18% of patients. Grade 3 toxicities included abdominal pain in 13%, hyperbilirubinemia in 7.7%, fever in 7.7%, abscess in 2.6%, and thrombocytopenia in 5.1% of patients. Conclusion LDT can be safely combined with systemic chemotherapy for the treatment of PCLM. LDT may be the treatment opportunity for PCLM. Patient outcomes following this treatment strategy are promising but prospective evaluations are needed to validate these preliminary findings.
The Real Deal: A Commentary and Examination of Xylazine Use and Unintended Consequences
Authors:   The SASSI Institute, 201 Camelot Lane, Springville, IN 47462, USA, Tiburcio Nelson J. , Baker Scarlett L. ,   The SASSI Institute, 201 Camelot Lane, Springville, IN 47462, USA
Published: December 2023

In 1972, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted regulatory approval for xylazine hydrochloride, a sedative intended for use in animals. This particular drug continues to hold significance for veterinarians specializing in the care of large animals such as horses, cattle, and deer
Sexually Transmitted Infection Rates and Patterns of Condom Use Among Young Adult Females at an Urban Emergency Department as Compared to College Students
Authors:   Department of Emergency Medicine, Women’s Emergency Care Research Group, UPMC Magee-Women's Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA, McQuaid Alexandra , Beck David ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, Women’s Emergency Care Research Group, UPMC Magee-Women's Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA, Giangrasso Samantha ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, Women’s Emergency Care Research Group, UPMC Magee-Women's Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA, Eisaman Duane ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, Women’s Emergency Care Research Group, UPMC Magee-Women's Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
Published: December 2023

Introduction Despite months of shelter-in-place orders and two years of heavily cautious person-to-person contact, the rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) continue to rise (Conference on Decision and Control and Prevention (CDC), 2022). A recent survey of females presenting to an urban emergency department (ED) had a higher rate of STI and unplanned pregnancy than those in a nearby college. This study further investigated patterns of male condom use by these populations. Methods Females aged 18-22 who reported vaginal intercourse at least once were surveyed in 2022 by an urban women’s hospital emergency department and a large urban-based public university. The survey addressed STI rates, number of partners, demographics of self and partners, and the use of condoms. Results Seventeen point one percent (17.1%) of university students and 43.8% of the ED patients reported a lifetime STI (p=0.034). The ED population was more non-white and poorer. University students reported a similar likelihood of condom use, 3.63, and ED patients 3.38 (p=0.557). Within the ED, African American-identifying individuals reported similar condom use, 3.54 versus 3.23, p=0.572. College students who reported STI had more partners, 16 versus 6.4 in the college population (p=0.0475); a trend not seen in the ED population. Conclusion STI rate remained higher in the ED population. Individuals identifying as African American represented 30.7% of the ED cases and trended towards more condom use. High-risk behavior does not directly correlate with income or non-white race. Risk per partner is higher in the ED population, suggesting more frequent exposure.
Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon Bölümü Öğrencilerinin Egzersiz Bağımlılığı Düzeyleri ile Fiziksel Aktivite Kavramlarına Yönelik Düşüncelerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: ÇAR Bekir , KURTOĞLU Ahmet , ARSLAN Oğuzhan
Published: December 2023

Bu araştırmada fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon bölümü öğrencilerinin tedavi edici egzersiz, fiziksel rehabilitasyon, fiziksel aktivite ve egzersiz bağımlılıklarının incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olan desen araştırma modeli ve nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden tarama modeli kullanılarak metaforların ve ölçek puanlarının belirlenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Araştırma grubunu Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon bölümünde öğrenim gören 178 fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon bölümü öğrencisi oluşmaktadır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda tedavi edici egzersize yönelik 38, fiziksel rehabilitasyona yönelik 30 ve fiziksel aktiviteye yönelik 3 tema algıladıkları görülmektedir. Fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon bölümü öğrencilerinin tedavi edici egzersize yönelik algılamış oldukları kategoriler “eğlendirici etki”, “fiziksel etki”, “psikolojik etki”, “tedavi” ve “zorunluluk”, fiziksel rehabilitasyona yönelik fiziksel etki”, “psikolojik etki”, “tedavi” ve “zorunluluk” ve fiziksel aktiviteye yönelik “fizyolojik etki”, “psikolojik etki” ve “fizyolojik ve psikolojik etki” kategorileri şeklinde ayrıldıkları görülmektedir. Ayrıca fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon bölümü öğrencilerinin nicel araştırma metoduna yönelik analizinde; egzersiz bağımlılığına yönelik araştırmasında cinsiyet ve yaş değişkenine göre farklılık olduğu, sınıf değişkenine göre farklılık olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon bölümü öğrencilerinin düşünceleri incelendiğinde fiziksel aktivite ve rehabilitasyona yönelik fizyolojik ve psikolojik etkilerinin olduğu, bireylerin egzersiz sayesinde vücutlarını daha güçlü ve kuvvetli hissettiklerini ve bunun sonucunda yaşam kalitelerinin arttığı söylenebilir.
Masa Tenisi Branşına Karşı Ebeveynlerin Bakış Açısı
Authors: GÖRGÜT İlyas , KÖYLÜ Demet
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışma ebeveynlerin masa tenisi branşına karşı bakış açılarının ve çocuklarında gözlemledikleri değişimlerin belirlenmesini amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma nitel araştırma olarak dizayn edilmiş ve olgubilim (fenomenoloji) deseni kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın örneklem seçiminde amaçlı örneklem yöntemlerinden kolay ulaşılabilir durum örnekleme yöntemi benimsenmiş ve bu yöntem vasıtasıyla seçilmiş 15 ebeveyn çalışma grubuna dahil edilmiştir. Ebeveynler ile hazırlanmış 5 soru kapsamında ortalama 30 dakika süren yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmaya başlamadan önce ebeveynler etik açıdan bilgilendirilmiş, onayları alındıktan sonra görüşmeler kayıt altına alınmaya başlanmıştır. İlgili görüşmeler yazılı ortama aktarıldıktan sonra içerik ve betimsel analizler yapılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda çocukların branşa kimi zaman seçilerek veya tesadüfen kimi zaman ise ebeveyn desteği ile başladıkları görülmektedir. Ebeveynler branşı her ortamda yapılabilmesi ve temas gerektirmemesi nedeniyle tercih ettiklerini, ayrıca çocuklarında sağlıksal, davranışsal ve akademik anlamda olumlu değişimler gözlemlediklerini, branş sayesinde çocuklarının yaşama hazırlandığını ve bundan ötürü branşın çocuklarının yaşamlarının merkezinde olduğunu ifade etmektedir. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen bulguların farklı branşlara da uygulanmasının ve bütüncül gelişim açısından öğretim programları ve serbest zaman etkinlik alanlarının dizayn edilmesinin, kazanımların genele yayılması ve daha fazla katkı sağlanması noktasında yararlı olacağı düşünülmektedir.