bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trombone as a solo instrument in the light of organology and historiography
Authors: Yanzhula D.
Published: September 2024

Problem statement. In contemporary instrumentology, the primary task is to identify not only technical but also semantic (artistic) qualities of instruments that belong to the general concept of “instrument style”. This regards trombone artistry, the study of which extends beyond instrumentation and intersects with issues in philosophy, aesthetics, and culture studies. Such contextual understanding of trombone style is presented in this article, which is dedicated to studying the least researched aspects of trombone creativity and performance — solo trombone.
The purpose of this paper is to identify the organology characteristics of the instrument within the context of researching the solo trombone.
The relevance of the article lies in the demand for comprehensive developments of instrumental styles, including trombone, in contemporary theoretical musicology, as well as the absence of works dedicated to incorporating the corresponding musical material required for developing a similar theme.
The results. From the perspective of organology as a comprehensive science of instruments as “organs”, “tools” of musical thinking, trombone is a melodic instrument of the brass aerophones group, which, thanks to its slide, can reproduce segments of the chromatic scale within three octaves with the possibility of natural glissando. The trombone’s acoustic and semantic resources are combined in its stylistic image, allowing for multifunctional use of this instrument in various music genres. The article outlines the path of forming the solo qualities of the trombone, presents classification of the types of trombone soloing, among which solo unaccompanied works for the trombone are highlighted. These mostly include miniatures of both programmatic and non-programmatic content, as well as sonatas for the trombone presented in the works by both foreign and Ukrainian authors. The specificity of such works is concluded in the combination of concert characteristics (the principle of soloing) and chamber characteristics (reproduction in a single voice of ensemble functions with equally potent voices-registers). This layer of trombone creativity is the least researched and therefore requires separate study, the beginning of which is laid out in this article.
The scientific novelty of the research. Solo trombone music becomes an autonomous center containing everything characteristic of the trombone image and, within its competence, demonstrates all genres that exist or have existed in it. The proper qualities of the solo trombone are revealed in unaccompanied miniatures, the characteristics of which are illuminated for the first time in this article. Therefore, the issue of involving self-sufficient solo trombone works into musicological discourse pertains not only to the technical aspect but also contributes to a new perspective on the aesthetics and poetics of this instrument, its new philosophy, as demonstrated by the music of the Modern era.
Compositional and dramaturgical analysis of Mykola Lysenko’s Concert polonaises Op. 5 and Op. 7 and specificity of their performing interpretation
Authors: R. Nikolenko R.
Published: September 2024

The relevance of the article. Mykola Lysenko’s creativity attracts the attention of the world music community. This is confirmed by the availability of CD albums with the composer’s music created by Ukrainian and foreign musicians. The composer’s piano opuses are of considerable interest, but among them there are pieces that, despite their artistic value, are performed relatively infrequent.
The purpose of the article is to identify the compositional and dramaturgical features of two Concert polonaises Op. 5 and Op. 7 by M. Lysenko and analyze their performance versions. Taken in combination, this will allow us to better understand the specifics of the composer’s interpretation of the polonaise genre and identify approaches to the interpretation of these works that are common in contemporary piano performance practice.
The methodology is based on an integrative approach, and involves the use of systematic, analytical, structural-functional, inductive and comparative methods.
The results. In his two Concert polonaises, M. Lysenko presents different approaches to the understanding of the genre, which is manifested at the level of their composition, musical dramaturgy, and the embodiment of the virtuoso-concert principle. In addition, the study examines the performing versions of polonaises created by contemporary Ukrainian pianists, which helped to identify trends in their performing interpretation.
Conclusions. The compositional structure of the first Concert polonaise is proportional, while in the second Concert polonaise the composer does not keep the symmetry of the form of the sections, expanding the middle section and shortening the reprise. The musical dramaturgy of the first Concert polonaise is marked by the contrast of musical images, while the second Concert polonaise is dominated by lyrical imagery. These pieces embody opposite aspects of virtuosity, which is manifested at the level of texture and dynamic palette.
Interpreting these Concert polonaises by M. Lysenko, the pianists reveal different aspects of their musical and figurative sphere: lyricism or poetry, bright dancing or heroics. An interesting trend in the performing interpretation of the works is the reduction of the middle section (episode), which is possible due to the repetition of the thematic material.
The practical significance. The material of the article can be used in the further study of the specifics of the performance interpretation of M. Lysenko’s music, as well as in the study of the artist’s work in a special piano class, courses “The analysis of musical forms”, “The history of music”.
LAPAROSCOPIC TECHNIQUE FOR MEASURING THE ESOPHAGEAL HIATUS AREA
Authors: Tarasov Taras A. , Ioffe Oleksandr Yu. , Markulan Leonid Yu.
Published: September 2024

Introduction. The measurement of the esophageal hiatus (EH) area is critical for the choice of the method of hernioplasty for EH hernias.
Aim. The objective of this study was to develop a laparoscopic method and tools for measuring the EH area and to compare it with existing methods in type III paraesophageal hernias (PEH).
Materials and methods. Laparoscopic hernioplasty was performed on 63 patients with type III PEH – 41.3% males and 58.7% females, with an average age of 53.8±10.8 years, at the surgical clinic of the Bogomolets National Medical University. Irreducible PEH was present in 54 (85.7%) patients, partially reducible in 9 (14.3%). Cardia-fundal PEH was found in 42 (66.7%) patients, subtotal in 20 (31.7%), and total in 1 (0.6%) patient. The average volume of the hernial sac, according to multispiral computed tomography (MSCT), was 235±130.7 cm³ (ranging from 90 cm³ to 863 cm³). In all patients, the EH area was measured using the developed laparoscopic method (DLM) and tools; the Granderath method; the rhomboid area determination method (RAD); and MSCT. The authors evaluated the differences in the mean value and mean percentage difference (MPD) of EH area measurements between the mentioned methods.
Results. The esophageal hiatus area measured using the DLM was statistically smaller than that measured by MSCT: 9.66±0.22 cm² versus 13.01±3.04 cm², respectively, and larger than the measurements from the Granderath method and the RAD: 8.16±1.71 cm² and 8.72±1.67 cm², respectively. The MPD between the MSCT data and the Granderath and RAD methods were 40.1±7.5% and 68.8±9.6%, respectively; between MSCT and DLM, it was 28.8±7.4%. The percentage difference in the esophageal hiatus area between the MSCT data and DLM, MSCT and Granderath, and MSCT and RAD showed a significantly positive correlation with the volume of the hernial sac, respectively r=0.687, r=0.601, and r=0.579. This indicates that with an increase in the volume of the hernial sac, the esophageal hiatus area calculated by MSCT increases compared to the intraoperative methods, likely due to the influence of the hernial contents on the area of the hernial orifice.
Conclusions. The proposed laparoscopic method for measuring the area of the EH involves the use of a developed device that facilitates the removal of hernial contents from the hernial orifice, placing a ruler in their plane as a reference, transmitting the image to a computer, and calculating the area taking into account the individual shape characteristics. This method provides more accurate data compared to other intraoperative techniques and MSCT. Using the proposed laparoscopic technique for measuring the EH area will allow for a more thorough assessment of the indications for different hernioplasty options, considering the area of the hernial defect.
OUTCOMES OF SHOULDER JOINT ENDOPROSTHETICS AFTER REMOVAL OF TUMORS IN THE HUMERUS
Authors: Protsenko Volodymyr V. , Kukharuk Andrii S. , Solonitsyn Yevhen O.
Published: September 2024

Introduction. The use of endoprostheses of the shoulder joint is possible with primary and secondary (metastatic) tumor lesions of the proximal part of the humerus. The possibility of using both individual oncological endoprostheses and modular oncological endoprostheses for tumors of the proximal part of the humerus is reported.
Aim. To assess the effectiveness of restoring the function of the shoulder joint and upper limb and improving the patient's quality of life after shoulder joint arthroplasty for tumors of the proximal part of the humerus.
Materials and methods. The results of the treatment of 27 patients who underwent shoulder arthroplasty in the conditions of the clinical departments of the "Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine" for tumors of the proximal part of the humerus from 2014 to 2024 were evaluated. Endoprosthesis was performed in 22 (81.5%) patients with primary tumors of the proximal part of the humerus and in 5 (18.5%) with metastatic tumors. Endoprosthesis of the shoulder joint was performed with individual oncological endoprostheses in 24 (88.9%) patients and modular oncological endoprostheses in 3 (11.1%) patients. Arthroplasty was primary in 25 (92.6%) patients and secondary in 2 (7.4%) patients.
Results. During follow-up, 3 (11.1%) patients died with an average follow-up period of 10.3±1.9 months, the other 24 (88.9%) were alive, with an average follow-up period of 88.1±8.7 months. The overall frequency of complications in our study was 6 (22.2%) cases, 3 (11.1%) patients had an infectious complication in the late postoperative period after 12, 24 and 36 months, 1 (3.7%) patient had aseptic loosening of the leg of the endoprosthesis after 36 months, in 2 (7.4%) patients after 5 and 6 months, dislocation of the head of the endoprosthesis from the joint cavity was noted. Local tumor recurrence was observed in 2 (7.4%) patients. The overall mean MSTS total limb functional outcome after shoulder arthroplasty for all 27 patients was 74.2%, and of the 24 patients who survived, the mean limb functional outcome after shoulder arthroplasty was 78.4%. The patients' quality of life (according to the EORTQ-QLQ-С30 questionnaire) increased from 32 points in the preoperative period to 78 points after shoulder joint replacement.
Conclusions. Endoprosthetics is a modern method for reconstructing bone segments in the surgical treatment of tumors of long bones in the limbs. This method allows for the replacement of bone defects of any size (volume) and length. Shoulder joint endoprosthetics within the framework of combination and multimodal treatment of primary and metastatic tumors of the proximal part of the humerus provides restoration of both shoulder joint functions and the upper limb as a whole, thereby improving the quality of life for this group of patients.
VIABILITY OF BLOOD LEUKOCYTES OF RATS AFTER IMPLANTATION OF POLYPROPYLENE SURGICAL MESH WITH A TANTALUM-BASED COATING AND ITS DERIVATIVES
Authors: Nakonechna Oksana A. , Kyslov Oleksandr V. , Kulyk Ihor A.
Published: September 2024

Aim. To investigate the viability and types of cell death of peripheral blood leukocytes in experimental animals after implantation of surgical meshes with a tantalum-based coating and its derivatives.
Materials and methods. The experimental group included 40 male rats of the WAG population. Polypropylene surgical mesh was surgically implanted between the abdominal wall and sections of the large intestine with different types of coatings. After 28 days, collected blood was analyzed by a BD FACSCanto™ II flow cytometer.
Results. It was determined that there were no significant changes in the viability of blood leukocytes between the animals of the intact group and the group of animals that underwent surgery without implantation. Analysis of leukocyte viability in groups of rats implanted with tantalum and tantalum oxide-coated meshes showed a slight decrease in viable cells compared with the results of the intact group. At the same time, the percentage of necrotic cells showed a slight increase. In the group of rats implanted with a mesh with tantalum nitride-coated, a decrease in viable leukocytes was determined in comparison with the results of the intact group by 12,9%, while the percentage of necrotic leukocytes was 3,8% higher. A 16,2% decrease in viable leukocytes was determined in the group of rats implanted with a non-coated mesh compared to the results of the intact group. At the same time, the percentage of necrotic cells was 6,9% higher.
Conclusions. Implantation of uncoated and tantalum nitride-coated surgical meshes was found to decrease the percentage of viable blood leukocytes in rats compared to intact animals, while implantation of tantalum- and tantalum-oxide-coated surgical meshes did not significantly decrease viable white blood cells. leukocytes.
LOCAL IMMUNE STATUS OF PATIENTS AFTER HYSTEROSCOPIC MYOMECTOMY AND METHODS OF ITS CORRECTION
Authors: Kladiev Viacheslav M. , Shalko Myroslava N.
Published: September 2024

Aim. To evaluate changes in the local immune status of women after hysteroscopic myomectomy and the effect of the proposed treatment complex on them.
Materials and methods. 221 patients with submucous uterine myoma who underwent hysteroscopic myomectomy were examined. 121 patients of the main group in the semi-operative period received complex rehabilitation therapy, 100 patients of the comparison group did not receive additional treatment after surgery. 80 women who applied for a routine preventive examination formed the control group. In all patients, the content of factors of local immunity – IL-6, IL-10, lactoferrin and secretory inhibitor of leukocyte proteinase in cervical mucus was studied by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using Atiscare reagents in the laboratory conditions of the Center. The indicators were studied before surgery, 3 and 6 months after surgery.
Results. In patients with submucosal uterine myoma, an increased content of pro-inflammatory IL-6 in cervical mucus was found (357.9 pg/ml and 345.3 pg/ml), in the control group 134.7 pg/ml and a decrease in the concentration of anti-inflammatory IL-10 (37 .6 pg/ml and 34.3 pg/ml) while the value of the control group was 78.5 pg/ml. The increase in the cervical content of the secretory inhibitor of leukocyte proteinase in women with submucous uterine myoma (274.2 pg/ml and 284.9 pg/ml against 114.5 pg/ml in the control group) is evidence of an active reaction of the mucous membrane to the inflammatory process. The role of the factor in the implementation of antisperm immunity is a factor of impaired fertility in such women. Elevated lactoferrin (27.4 ng/ml and 28.4 ng/ml vs. 3.5 ng/ml in healthy women) is also associated with infertility. Performing hysteroscopic myomectomy leads to a gradual, but incomplete normalization of the content of the specified immune factors in the cervical mucus, and the improvement of the treatment complex leads to the full achievement of the indicator of the control group after 6 months, which is important for the implementation of reproductive function.
Conclusions. 1. Patients with submucous uterine myoma are characterized by an increased content of pro-inflammatory factors of local immunity – IL-6, lactoferrin and secretory inhibitor of leukocyte proteinase, as well as a reduced concentration of anti-inflammatory IL-10. 2. After hysteroscopic myomectomy for 6 months, there is a decrease in the content of pro-inflammatory factors and an increase in the concentration of IL-10 in the cervical mucus, but the indicators do not reach the values of healthy women. 3. The use of the proposed complex of treatment after hysteroscopic myomectomy allows to achieve faster changes in the indicators of local cervical immunity, and after 6 months to achieve the values obtained in healthy women.
Identidad cultural, relaciones sociales y construcción de paz en la serranía del Perijá (Colombia)
Authors: Villazón Villero Elsy Paola
Published: September 2024

Introducción: La investigación sobre Identidad cultural, relaciones sociales y construcción de paz en la serranía del Perijá (Colombia) explora las dinámicas territoriales y sociales en esta región, analizando la relación entre identidad cultural, relaciones sociales y construcción de paz. Metodología: Se integraron enfoques cualitativos como etnografía, cartografía social, observación participante y entrevistas semiestructuradas, aplicados a grupos y personas de las comunidades Yukpa y campesinas. Resultados: Los hallazgos revelaron una rica diversidad cultural y una fuerte conexión de los grupos con la tierra, manifestada en prácticas agrícolas, rituales y creencias. Además, se identificaron prácticas tradicionales y modernas para la transformación del conflicto. Discusión: Las tensiones históricas y actuales entre el pueblo Yukpa y las comunidades campesinas se reflejan en la cotidianidad, afectando sus relaciones sociales y la construcción de paz. La identidad cultural ha sido clave en su relación con otras culturas, marcada por la lucha por la preservación. Conclusiones: La identidad cultural y las relaciones sociales en la Serranía del Perijá son fundamentales para comprender los procesos de paz en la región, y su preservación es vital para la convivencia y resolución de conflictos.
Desempeño en exámenes en cursos de Ingeniería de Carreteras a través de la Taxonomía de Bloom
Authors: García-Ramírez Yasmany
Published: September 2024

Introducción: Garantizar que los ingenieros civiles posean sólidas habilidades técnicas es vital, especialmente en ingeniería vial. Sin embargo, existe una brecha entre el conocimiento teórico y la aplicación práctica, lo que ha llevado a investigaciones para perfeccionar enfoques instructivos. Los exámenes desempeñan un papel clave en la evaluación de habilidades, siendo la taxonomía de Bloom un método utilizado para la evaluación. Metodología: Este estudio analizó exámenes de diseño geométrico y operación vial en la UTPL, Ecuador, abarcando dos semestres. Se seleccionaron al azar catorce exámenes de 2020 a 2022 y se categorizaron retrospectivamente utilizando niveles y verbos de la taxonomía de Bloom. Resultados: Los niveles de Bloom más bajos generalmente arrojaron calificaciones más altas, con algunas sutilezas observadas. Se señaló una asociación entre el rango de nivel de Bloom y los niveles. De 80 preguntas, 13 (16,25%) alcanzaron el umbral para habilidades de pensamiento de orden superior. Discusión: El estudio resalta la importancia de diseñar preguntas de examen para evaluar habilidades de pensamiento de orden superior, abordando desafíos dentro de los límites del examen. El análisis de resultados a través de la Taxonomía de Bloom ofrece información sobre el aprendizaje del estudiante, enfatizando la integración del conocimiento teórico y la aplicación práctica. Conclusiones: Alinear las preguntas de examen con las habilidades cognitivas requeridas es crucial, lo que sugiere mejoras en los enfoques instructivos. Al aprovechar la Taxonomía de Bloom, los educadores pueden mejorar la efectividad de la enseñanza. La investigación futura debería refinar los métodos de evaluación de exámenes y promover la integración teórico-práctica en la educación en ingeniería civil.
Enhancing data protection in a web application using Django
Authors:   State University of Information and Communication Technologies, Kyiv, Bratkovskyy O. V.
Published: September 2024

This article explores the theme of enhancing data protection in web applications using the Django framework. It identifies the primary vulnerabilities of web applications and analyzes Django's features for defense against attacks such as SQL injections, XSS, CSRF, clickjacking, and data interception. Examining Django's built-in protection mechanisms, the article not only emphasizes their effectiveness against most common attacks but also proposes methods to improve and strengthen security measures. A detailed analysis of Django's authentication module is provided, revealing its key features in ensuring a high level of reliability in user access management. The article describes the stages of password hashing and the logic of its processing. The importance of utilizing HTTPS, SSL, and TLS protocols to enhance the security level of web applications is highlighted. Special attention is given to configuring HTTPS and using security headers, such as HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS), which secure connections and prevent data interception attacks. In the analysis of major attack types, including SQL injections, XSS, CSRF, focus is placed on the built-in protection functions of the web system, potential vulnerabilities, and recommendations for improving data security are presented. Additionally, protective measures against clickjacking are discussed, and recommendations for employing intermediary software to effectively counteract such attacks are provided. Emphasis is placed on the necessity of closely monitoring the possibility of page embedding and restricting this functionality to ensure the security of the web system.
Development of a neural network­based transcription method
Authors:   State University of Information and Communication Technologies, Kyiv, Sachuk O. V.
Published: September 2024

In today's ever-evolving digital era, the utilization of audio and video materials has become increasingly prevalent in various spheres, including educational sectors, research initiatives, technological developments, and daily communication. This trend is driven by the convenience and efficiency of these mediums, offering quick access to information without the distractions often associated with more traditional methods like manual writing or typing, especially in scenarios where such activities are impractical, such as when traveling in a vehicle. However, this shift towards audio-visual content has introduced the challenge of converting these dynamic formats into text for a range of purposes. This need arises for several reasons. Firstly, editing and refining spoken content is often easier when it's transformed into a written format, allowing for a more thorough review and adjustment process. Secondly, in situations where individuals prefer or require written documentation — for instance, in academic or professional settings — transcription becomes a critical tool. Additionally, the clarity of audio and video content can vary greatly, with factors like diction, accent, background noise, and recording quality affecting the comprehensibility of the material. To address these challenges, transcription — the process of translating audio and video content into text — has become a valuable solution. It involves a meticulous process of listening, interpreting, and typing out the content, ensuring that the essence and nuances of the original material are accurately captured. This task demands not only attention to detail but also a deep understanding of the context and subject matter to ensure precision and reliability. In the realm of technology, advancements such as neural networks have revolutionized the transcription process. Neural networks, complex algorithmic structures that emulate human brain functioning, can learn, adapt, and process diverse types of data. In transcription, they are employed to recognize and interpret various speech patterns, accents, and languages, significantly enhancing the accuracy and speed of converting spoken words into written text. This integration of advanced technology in transcription not only streamlines the process but also opens new possibilities for accessibility, research, and data analysis, making it an indispensable tool in the modern world.
Using the Saga design pattern for transaction management in a microservice architecture
Authors:   State University of Information and Communication Technologies, Kyiv, Molyavchyk V. M.
Published: September 2024

The use of microservice architecture in software development, in which each service is a self-sufficient participant with its own area of responsibility, its own data store, set of technologies, and work environment, is challenging in the context of transactions in a distributed service mode. After all, from the point of view of reliability and integrity of the system, it is extremely important to ensure data consistency, which implies compliance with defined restrictions and rules, absence of contradictions and consistency of data between system components. The architecture built on microservice interaction provides capabilities for decomposition of complex tasks, operational implementation of new functionality, isolation of critical components and scaling of individual software components. As a rule, the microservice architecture implements the principle «Database per service» — an approach according to which each microservice uses its own database, instead of a single shared database, as is usually implemented in a monolithic architecture. To ensure data consistency, the SAGA design pattern can be used, which provides a set of instructions for the correct management of transactions in a distributed architecture. To avoid the use of distributed transactions, it is recommended to use the SAGA design pattern, which allows for global data consistency through sets of local and compensating transactions. The template is fault-tolerant and ensures system reliability and integrity.
Implementation of expert systems in the field of trade
Authors:   State University of Information and Communication Technologies, Kyiv, Ilyin O. Yu.
Published: September 2024

There is currently a steady rise in interest in the development and utilization of intelligent information systems, particularly expert systems. This article explores the importance and advantages of employing expert systems in the realm of trade and business. It investigates how expert systems can enhance decision-making processes, optimize inventory management, elevate customer service levels, and provide more precise market analysis. Additionally, the article outlines typical examples of using expert systems in trade and highlights their potential for enhancing business efficiency. Successful implementation of modern technologies in the retail sector has become a dominant factor for optimizing business processes and enhancing competitiveness. Expert systems, capable of analyzing, decision-making, and automating key aspects of trade, have become an important tool for contemporary companies. This introduction proposes an exploration into the realm of expert systems and their application in trade, considering the advantages and possibilities they offer for effective management and strategic development in this field. In the modern world of trade, where competition is constantly escalating, having efficient tools for swift and accurate decision-making is crucial. The implementation of expert systems is one of the key directions that ensures process automation and enhances the level of analytics in the retail sector. This introduction elucidates the possibilities of applying expert systems in the retail industry, offering a comprehensive overview of the benefits they can bring, while also examining examples of successful implementations of these systems in practice.
Use of artificial intelligence in the organization of scientific research
Authors:   State University of Information and Communication Technologies, Kyiv, Polonevych O. V.
Published: September 2024

Artificial intelligence is a powerful and revolutionary field that has the potential to change many areas of human activity fundamentally, including the process of scientific research. At the heart of AI is the idea of creating machines that can think and reason like humans, and can learn from their own experiences to improve their performance over time. The article analyzes the main possibilities of using artificial intelligence in conducting scientific research. The scientific process has many stages and it is expected that artificial intelligence will contribute to each stage of the development of science, therefore the use of artificial intelligence in the organization of scientific research is highly relevant. The article provides a review from various perspectives, including the idea of generating, writing and structuring the text, searching and in-depth analysis of the literature on the research topic. Recommendations are provided for the use of programs that function on the basis of AI technologies, which can significantly increase the level of productivity during scientific research. Their use is possible at the stage of searching, analyzing and summarizing scientific works, when checking grammatical and linguistic errors in scientific work and for the purpose of improving the writing style in general. In addition, the article considers the potential threats of introducing. AI can help integrate graphs, tables, charts into research content, thereby greatly increasing its visual appeal and comprehensibility. In addition, the article considers the potential threats of introducing AI into scientific research and emphasizes the need to observe academic integrity and minimize the use of artificial intelligence in scientific work. Excessive use of artificial intelligence can lead to the creation of fraudulent scientific papers.
GPT vs. Google: A comparative study of self-code learning in ODL students
Authors: Fırat Mehmet , Kuleli Saniye
Published: September 2024

This research investigates the comparative effectiveness of the ChatGPT and the Google search engine in facilitating the self-learning of JavaScript functions among undergraduate open and distance learning students. The study employed a quasi-experimental post-test control group design to analyze the variables of disorientation, satisfaction, cognitive load, navigation performance, and test scores among 471 learners. Results indicated a marked advantage for ChatGPT users in reducing cognitive load and disorientation, improving navigation performance and increasing test scores. The study also explores the evolving dynamics between conventional keyword-based search engines and AI-driven conversational models, reflecting on their mutual influence in the domain of information retrieval. These findings suggest that AI chatbots like ChatGPT not only enhance the learning experience but also signify a paradigm shift in how information is accessed and processed in educational settings. The research contributes to understanding AI applications in education, particularly in self-directed learning scenarios in open and distance learning.
Online learning self-efficacy beliefs predict subjective well-being of college students during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Güçlü Aydoğan Merve , Draganović Selvira , Elen Mehmet Akif
Published: September 2024

Online learning self-efficacy is associated with significant psychological outcomes among college students. Nevertheless, research investigating self-efficacy among college students during COVID-16 pandemic is limited. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of self-efficacy beliefs regarding online learning in predicting subjective well-being of college students. One hundred sixty-five college students were recruited for the study. Participants completed the Online Learning Self-Efficacy Scale (OLSES), the Subjective Well-Being Scale (SWBS), and a socio-demographic information form, which included items related to COVID-19 anxiety and the perceived impact of COVID-19 on daily life. Regression analyses showed that overall self-efficacy predicted subjective well-being scores. However, only the time management subdimension of self-efficacy significantly predicted subjective well-being. Our findings suggest that high levels of self-efficacy, particularly in time management, are associated with elevated levels of subjective well-being among college students. Interventions targeting self-efficacy in online learning environments may benefit college students with lower levels of subjective well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic.
МЕТОДИЧНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО УПРАВЛІННЯ ПОРТФЕЛЕМ ПРОЄКТІВ РЕГІОНАЛЬНОГО РОЗВИТКУ
Authors: Костюкевич Руслан , Костюкевич Аліна
Published: September 2024

Метою дослідження є удосконалення методів та інструментів управління портфелем проєктів регіонального розвитку. Запропоновано методичний підхід до встановлення причинно-наслідкових зв’язків між стратегічними та операційними цілями, їх результатами та індикаторами, що лежить в основі визначення цінності проєктів  регіонального розвитку. Розроблено систему оцінювання стратегічної важливості складових стратегій регіонального (місцевого) розвитку та методичні підходи до формування портфеля проєктів із застосуванням ціннісний моделей проєктного менеджменту.
ENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT: THEORETICAL AND APPLIED ASPECTS OF CONDUCTING
Authors: Pavelko Olha , Myronets Maryna , Yaroshchuk Anastasiia
Published: September 2024

The legal regulation of environmental audit in Ukraine are examined and the existing approaches to identifying the economic essence of environmental audit are highlighted. The main stages of environmental audit are analyzed as well as the total emissions of pollutants and groups of substances into the air from Obolon PrJSC in 2022. The efficiency of Obolon’s treatment facilities is investigated. The list of wastes generated by the studied enterprise is analyzed. Conclusions on the environmental  impact of Obolon’s activities in order to determine the level of compliance with its environmental policy and the requirements of the legislation in the field of environmental protection and rational use of natural resources are drawn.
CHALLENGES IN EFFECTIVELY MANAGING THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOLAR ENERGY IN THE EXAMPLE OF THE UNITED STATES
Authors: Sribna Yevheniia , Stupnytskyi Victor , Matusevych Kostiantyn , Vasiuk Inna
Published: September 2024

Дослідження акцентує увагу на специфіці впровадження сонячної енергетики у розрізі регіонів світового економічного лідера. США взято за об’єкт дослідження у зв’язку з специфікою його  географічно-територіального та кліматично-природного положення, що створює унікальні умови для вивчення різноманітних аспектів впровадження сонячної енергетики та її впливу на енергетичну систему країни. Проведене дослідження базується на моделюванні впровадження сонячної електрогенерації з врахуванням економічного, технологічного та ресурсного чинників. Мета статті полягає у дослідженні тенденцій у розвитку та використанні сонячної енергії у Сполучених Штатах, беручи до уваги методи управління та підвищення ефективності. Доведено, що розвиток сонячної енергії здійснюється виключно за рахунок приватного інвестування, державна підтримка є мінімальною. Тому потужність впроваджених сонячних електростанцій відносно обсягу вкладених інвестицій відзначає високий кореляційний зв’язок. З позиції господарської діяльності, сонячна енергетика використовується домашніми господарствами у незначних обсягах, в середньому по США на рівні 3,6%, у регіональному розрізі досить нерівномірно від 24% до 0,2%. Найбільший розвиток сонячної енергетики забезпечений на Гаваях та у Каліфорнії. Загалом визначено, що існують певні проблеми, які ускладнюють управління ефективним розвитком сонячної енергетики США. Зокрема, залежність від приватних інвестицій призводить до нерівномірного розподілу ресурсів та обмежує доступ до сонячної енергії для деяких груп населення. Відсутність значної державної підтримки гальмує швидкість розвитку і впровадження сонячних технологій. Проведений аналіз дозволяє вказати, що на даний момент сонячна енергетика не визначає пріоритети для бізнесу та не є ключовою галуззю економіки США. Подальший розвиток сонячної енергетики можливий за рахунок технологічних інновацій, які сприятимуть збільшенню ефективності використання сонячного випромінювання.
ПОДАТКОВА СИСТЕМА УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ДІЇ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ: НЕДОЛІКИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ
Authors: Шило Жанна
Published: September 2024

У статті проведено аналіз забезпечення та функціонування податкової системи України в умовах дії воєнного стану. Визначені недоліки та переваги у застосуванні певних видів податків та методики їх розрахунку в умовах ведення бойових дій. У роботі розглянуто напрями реформування податкового законодавства, запропоновані актуальні інструменти підтримки податкової системи України та її подальшої трансформації в умовах воєнних подій.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ІНСТРУМЕНТІВ ЦИФРОВІЗАЦІЇ В ПРОЦЕСІ ФОРМУВАННЯ ТУРИСТИЧНИХ ДЕСТИНАЦІЙ
Authors: Виговський Дмитро , Конарівська Оксана
Published: September 2024

У статті здійснено характеристику інструментів цифровізації, які використовують в процесі формування туристичних дестинацій. Визначено роль впровадження цифрових технологій в процес формування туристичних дестинацій. Для характеристики обрано найбільш поширені цифрові інструменти, що застосовуються на туристичних дестинаціях в Україні: доповнена реальність, смарт-картки, віртуальні тури на прикладах українських міст (Львів, Київ, Одеса) і регіону (Українські Карпати). Доведено, що державна політика у сфері туризму, нормативно-правове забезпечення цифровізації менеджменту туристичних дестинацій дає змогу для розвитку інноваційних технологій, які у поєднанні з культурною спадщиною сприяють створенню позитивного та прогресивного іміджу дестинацій.
A Critical Analysis of Selected Aspects of Real Estate Taxation in the Context of Recent Legislative Amendments in the Czech Republic
Authors: Zelenská Taťána
Published: September 2024

The real estate tax is the sole property tax in the Czech Republic and has been part of its tax system since its establishment, i.e. since January 1, 1993. The Czech Republic has long been recommended by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) to increase the collection of this tax because its yield as a share of gross domestic product (GDP) is one of the lowest among all OECD and EU countries. The lower yield is in part attributable to the manner in which the tax base is determined. The Czech Republic, with the exception of a few minor instances, continues to employ the assessment-based rather than the value-based method of determining the tax base. Furthermore, the Czech Republic is encouraged to use the correction elements at the disposal of municipalities to influence the amount of property tax. This article examines the revenue aspect of real estate tax in the Czech Republic, including the determination of the tax base and the use of correction mechanisms. In light of these considerations, it is evident that the development of the Czech real estate tax system has been influenced by a number of factors, including the introduction of one of the most significant amendments to the Real Estate Tax Act in the country’s history. This amendment, known as the consolidation package, was implemented on January 1, 2024 and has had a profound impact on the current legislation.
The Weakening of Taxpayer Rights in the Exchange of Information between Tax Authorities
Authors: Selicato Gianluca
Published: September 2024

Developments in international legislation and the growing digitalization of tax law support the development of global networks between tax authorities. We are witnessing an integration of databases that will lead to increasingly intense coordination of the fight against tax evasion at a supranational level. As in social networks and digital commerce, databases are increasingly enriched, contain increasingly precise information on the individual taxpayer and use common languages that allow for automated exchanges of information. While waiting for the creation of a global database – not conditioned by the constraints of reciprocity and abstractly usable by all authorized entities who need it – the first risks of limitation of the taxpayer’s rights are emerging. In fact, these phenomena have dark sides that are starting to emerge in use, at a national level and with respect to individual taxpayers, of interpolated databases. Moreover, a growing amount of information flows from heterogeneous and increasingly widespread sources, sometimes not protected by the requirements of professionalism, legality and public trust since data collection and entry can be delegated to economic entities, intermediaries and consultants. The absence of an authority responsible for the unitary management of global databases and for the resolution of their conflicts, the slow and timid affirmation (only in some national systems) of the taxpayer’s right of access to information concerning them, the difficult configuration of the faculty to request the correction of erroneous data and of the specular public power to remove the reported inaccuracies, weaken the system of protections gradually erected to protect the taxpayer’s position. In this way, the coordination of national systems that contemporary tax law creates is strongly unbalanced on the side of the protection of tax interests. International and European tax law should instead provide greater guarantees in favor of the taxpayers, defending their right to fair taxation.
SOLVENT-FREE SYNTHESIS OF 4'-HYDROXY-4-HYDROXY CHALCONE AND ITS POTENTIAL AS AN ANTIBACTERIAL
Authors: Susanti V.H. Elfi , S. Mulyani  , S. R. D. Ariani , Utomo Suryadi Budi , Wathon Muhammad Hizbul
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to synthesize 4'-hydroxy-4-hydroxy chalcone from 4-hydroxy acetophenone and 4- hydroxybenzaldehyde by a solvent-free method using a grinding technique and determine its potential as an antibacterial against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Synthesis of 4'-hydroxy-4-hydroxy chalcone was conducted using the Claisen-Schmidt method of grinding for 30 minutes. The grinding results were then extracted with chloroform. The formed crystals were tested for purity by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and recrystallization was carried out to purify the compound. FTIR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR characterized the synthesized chalcone. The synthesized chalcone was determined for antibacterial activity using the disc method against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The results showed that 4'-hydroxy-4-hydroxy chalcone could be synthesized from 4-hydroxy acetophenone and 4-hydroxy benzaldehyde by grinding technique in orangish white crystals form (yield of 66.67%) and a melting point of 85-88°C. The synthesized chalcone has low antibacterial potential against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
POTENTIAL PROCESS RELATED SUBSTANCE OF ATORVASTATIN CALCIUM: IDENTIFICATION, SYNTHESIS AND SPECTRAL CHARACTERIZATION INCLUDING CONTROL STRATEGY
Authors: Gutta Madhusudhan , Chakradhar Nandigama , Kotte Chandramohan , Kokkula Kishore , Mittapelli Vasantha
Published: September 2024

HPLC analysis of Atorvastatin Calcium showed an unknown compound peak, the sample was also analyzed by LCMS and the corresponding peak was identified at m/z 854.06. The pure compound was prepared individually and characterized. The compound structure was assigned as tert-butyl 2-((4R,6R)-6-(2-(2-((4R,6R)-6-(2-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-isopropyl-3-phenyl-4-phenylcarbamoyl-pyrrol-1-yl]-ethyl)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxan-4- yl)acetamido)ethyl)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxan-4-yl)acetate.
Implementation of Strategic Management in Optimizing Merdeka Curriculum
Authors: Nuryani Nuryani , Ahyani Nur , Mahasir Mahasir
Published: September 2024

This study aims to describe and analyze the implementation of strategic management in optimizing Merdeka Curriculum at SMA Negeri 3 Unggulan Kayuagung. This study uses qualitative methods. It shows that Implementation of strategic management consists of strategy formulation (environmental analysis, vision, mission, goals, targets and strategies), implementation (operational curriculum, programs, monitoring and communication systems, school resources, organizational structure, school’s principal leadership, and work culture), and strategy evaluation. The obstacles are dynamic policies, limited time, work completion gaps, inconsistency, and evaluation document. The solutions are to optimize growth mindset, digitalization; priority scale-based work plans; collaboration culture; performance work management; evaluation instruments and action plans. Novelty of this study resides in the research setting that implements the Merdeka Curriculum with Mandiri Berbagi category, so this study can contribute to strengthening strategic management in educational units to achieve optimal results in facing changes in the Merdeka Curriculum category options.
SAP 2000 Validates Deflection in Multilayer Test
Authors: Sabaruddin
Published: September 2024

Multilayer testing is one of the non-standard testing methods that has the potential to be developed in the future, so it requires special validation of its results. In this study, validation was carried out using SAP 2000 software, focusing on the calculation of downward curvature that occurs under the concrete layer. The study was conducted on test objects in closed conditions with certain dimensions. The test results showed that there was a difference between the downward curvature values ​​produced from multilayer testing and calculations with SAP 2000. The difference in downward curvature between the two methods was recorded at 15.29%. This difference indicates that more validation is needed to ensure the accuracy of the multilayer testing method in future structural applications.
The Influence of Organizational Culture, Work Environment and Job Stress on Job Satisfaction Through Organizational Commitment as an Intervening Variable on Employees
Authors: Wahyudi Eko , Sugiono Edi
Published: September 2024

This study aims to analyze the influence of Organizational Culture, Work Environment, and Job Stress on Job Satisfaction through Organizational Commitment as an intervening variable. The data analysis method in this study uses quantitative analysis, specifically descriptive statistical analysis and inferential statistical analysis. The inferential analysis in this study employs PLS-SEM (Partial Least Square – Structural Equation Modeling) with the software SmartPLS 3. The results of the study indicate that Organizational Culture and Work Environment have a positive and significant influence on Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment. Meanwhile, Job Stress significantly has a negative impact on Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment. Organizational Commitment significantly has a positive influence on Job Satisfaction. Through Organizational Commitment, Organizational Culture significantly has a positive influence on Job Satisfaction. Through Organizational Commitment, the Work Environment positively and significantly affects Job Satisfaction. Through Organizational Commitment, Job Stress is not significant and has a negative influence on Job Satisfaction.
PENGGUNAAN QUIZ INTERAKTIF BERBASIS WORDWALL DALAM MENINGKATKAN SEMANGAT BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK KELAS 1 SDN 24 PALEMBANG
Authors: Adeirma  , Bella meliyana  , Amelia  , Anisa suryani  , Anggun Pratiwi  , Syarifuddin
Published: September 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk melihat dan mengetahui implementasi penggunaan quiz interaktif berbasis Wordwall sebagai upaya meningkatkan semangat belajar peserta didik kelas I SDN 24 Palembang sudah dilakukan dan diterapkan di kelas. Penggunaan quiz interaktif berbasis Wordwall diterapkan di kelas I mata pelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila materi Lingkungan Sekitarku.
Kata Kunci: Keefektifitasan, Think Pair Share, Keterampilan Diskusi dan Prestasi Belajar