bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evidence of the Effectiveness of Primary Brachial Plexus Surgery in Infants With Obstetric Brachial Plexus Palsy–Revisited
Authors: El-Sayed Amel A. F.
Published: May 2017

A recent systematic review questioned the effectiveness of primary surgery in infants with obstetric brachial plexus palsy. At our center, the indication for primary surgery in infants with upper Erb’s obstetric palsy is the lack of active elbow flexion at age 4 months. The current study compares the outcome of motor recovery in 2 groups of infants with upper Erb’s palsy: one group (n = 9) treated surgically between age 4 and 5 months, and another group (n = 9) treated conservatively despite the lack of active elbow flexion at age 4 months. The only reason for not doing the surgery in the latter group was refusal by the parents. The scores of motor recovery were collected at the 2-year follow-up visit, and they were significantly better in the surgical group. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of primary surgery in infants with upper Erb’s obstetric palsy compared to conservative management.
Acceptance and commitment therapy universal prevention program for adolescents: a feasibility study
Authors: Burckhardt Rowan , Manicavasagar Vijaya , Batterham Philip J. , Hadzi-Pavlovic Dusan , Shand Fiona
Published: May 2017

Background

There is a need to prevent anxiety and depression in young people and mindfulness contains important emotion regulation strategies. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), a mindfulness-based therapy, has yet to be evaluated as a prevention program, but has demonstrated an ability to reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression in adult and adolescent populations. This study examines the feasibility of using an ACT-based prevention program in a sample of year 10 (aged 14–16 years) high school students from Sydney, Australia.

Methods

Participants were allocated to either their usual classes or to the ACT-based intervention. Participants were followed for a period of 5 months post-intervention and completed the Flourishing Scale, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, and a program evaluation questionnaire. Analyses were completed using intention-to-treat mixed models for repeated measures.

Results

The results indicated that the intervention was acceptable to students and feasible to administer in a school setting. There were no statistically significant differences between the conditions, likely due to the small sample size (N = 48). However, between-group effect sizes demonstrated small to large differences for baseline to post-intervention mean scores and medium to large differences for baseline to follow-up mean scores, all favouring the ACT-based condition.

Conclusion

The results suggest that an ACT-based school program has potential as a universal prevention program and merits further investigation in a larger trial.

Trial registrationAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry. Trial ID: ACTRN12616001383459. Registered 06/10/2016. Retrospectively registered.
Toward the reduction of incorrect drawn ink retrieval
Authors: Kitani Atsushi , Kimura Taketo , Nakatani Takako
Published: May 2017

As tablet devices become popular, various handwriting applications are used. Some of applications incorporate a specific function, which is generally called palm rejection. Palm rejection enables application users to put the palm of a writing hand onto a touch display. It classifies intended touches and unintended touches so that it prevents accidental inking, which has been known to occur under the writing hand. Though some of palm rejections can remove accidental inking afterward, this function occasionally does not execute correctly as it may remove rather correct ink strokes as well. We call this interaction Incorrect Drawn Ink Retrieval (IDIR). In this paper, we propose a software algorithm that is a combination of two palm rejection logics that reduces IDIR with precision and without latency. That algorithm does not depend on specific hardware, such as an active stylus pen. Our data provides 98.98% correctness and the algorithm takes less than 10 ms for the distinction. We confirm that our experimental application reduced the occurrences of IDIR throughout an experiment.
Fictionality Risen: Early America, the Common Core Curriculum, and How We Argue About Fiction Today
Authors: Koenigs Thomas
Published: May 2017

This article explores the recent popular press debates about the Common Core State Standards and their curricular mandates about the percentage of reading that can be fiction in middle school and high school curricula. I suggest that early American arguments about fiction’s educational value can help us better understand today’s debates about fiction’s role in the classroom, because they reveal just how much is taken for granted in our contemporary arguments about fiction. The article argues that recent work on fictionality (and on historical poetics generally) allows us to come to a richer understanding of the terms on which early Americans valued fiction, bringing into view a series of historical contestations over fictionality’s cultural meaning and purpose. These contestations, in turn, reveal just how delimited a sense of fiction’s value and possible uses underpins our current debates. After a brief reading of Royall Tyler’s The Algerine Captive (1797), the article explores how attention to these historical contestations over fiction’s value might lead to a reconsideration of the grounds on which we defend fiction’s educational value today. I close by considering the more general pedagogical implications of recent scholarship in historical poetics broadly construed.
A Rhetorical Analysis of Folk Linguistic Discourse: The Case of Twang
Authors: Rodgers Elena
Published: May 2017

This article offers a new approach to dialect attitudes and ideologies that combines argumentation theory with conversation-analytic techniques. This rhetorically oriented, qualitative approach is used to explore how socioindexical and language-related meanings of folk linguistic concepts are constructed in conversations among Oklahoma English speakers. “Twang” was selected as a test case because it is often mentioned by nonlinguists as a common descriptor of differences among American English dialects. The analysis reveals a complex socioindexical profile of twang that integrates language-related, spatial, temporal, sociocultural, and historical associations. It also reveals implicit discursive schemes of speech valorization that represent twang as a socially authenticating linguistic resource. Participants use gradient representations of twang to index symbolic social boundaries between unmarked and “lesser” forms of whiteness in the American South. The article shows that propositional processes of sociolinguistic indexicality engage experiential, affective, performative, perceptual, and identity-related processes: participants demonstrate these interrelated engagements when they rationalize, justify, valorize, and illustrate their individual experiences with linguistic variability.
Para sobreviver nas ondas do mercado
Authors: Olbermann Junia Vogel , Boff Daiane , Taufer Lucas
Published: May 2017

Em 1978, Antônio e Maria decidiram largar a vida de empregados e abrir seu próprio negócio: uma confecção de roupas de cama. De lá para cá, as mudanças costuraram a vida da empresa. Mais de 30 anos depois, Joana, a atual proprietária e gerente, enfrenta um dilema: ela deve reinvestir no negócio para que este se mantenha competitivo?  O objetivo deste caso consiste em ajudar Joana a decidir qual estratégia adotar nesste momento, a partir de informações setoriais, micro e macroeconômicas e de tendências de consumo.
Líderes da transformação digital
Authors: Francisco Eduardo de Rezende , Kugler José Luiz , Larieira Cláudio Luis Carvalho
Published: May 2017

A tecnologia da informação tornou-se o principal vetor das mudanças nas empresas, o que exige dos profissionais da área mais do que conhecimento técnico.
Protecionismo, dívida pública e retomada do crescimento
Authors: Sandroni Paulo
Published: May 2017

America first! Resta saber se alguém vem em segundo...
AVALIAÇÃO DA INTELIGÊNCIA DE CRIANÇAS DEFICIENTES VISUAIS: ESTUDO EXPLORATÓRIO DA ADEQUAÇÃO DE ITENS
Authors: CAMPOS CAROLINA ROSA
Published: May 2017

El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar el desempeño cognitivo de niños con discapacidad visual y con visión normal y analizar la influencia del grupo y escolaridad por medio de la Batería de Evaluación de la Inteligencia para Niños con Discapacidad Visual (baic-dv), buscando justificar la importancia de instrumentos específicos para la población objetivo. El instrumento fue aplicado a 14 niños con discapacidad visual de 7 a 12 años (m = 10,28; dp = 1,58), seis de sexo femenino, diez clasificados con baja visión (ocho con discapacidad congénita; dos con discapacidad adquirida) y cuatro con ceguera (dos con ceguera adquirida; dos con ceguera congénita); y en 17 niños con visión normal (m = 9,94 años; dp = 1,43; todas de sexo femenino). Se evaluó el total de aciertos, tiempo de ejecución e influencia de variables. Los resultados indicaron mejor desempeño de los niños de visión normal y de los niños con discapacidad congénita. Los niños con baja visión tuvieron mejor desempeño que los niños ciegos. Se evidenció la influencia de escolaridad en la subprueba Verbal y de sexo en la subprueba de memoria. Se concluyó la importancia de un instrumento específico para niños con discapacidad visual, dada la escasez de instrumentos destinados a este fin en la literatura científica brasilera
DESCRIÇÃO DOS SERVIÇOS DE PSICOLOGIA EM DELEGACIAS ESPECIALIZADAS DE ATENDIMENTO ÀS MULHERES NO BRASIL
Authors: Souza Tatiana Machiavelli Carmo , Faria Jaqueline Sanchez
Published: May 2017

Este estudio busca caracterizar la actuación de psicó- logos en Comisarías Especializadas para Atender a las Mujeres (ceam), en el Brasil. Tiene como objetivo identificar el perfil profesional, las bases epistemológicas, los modelos teóricos y los instrumentos utilizados día a día, así como los desafíos, dificultades y/o potencialidades vividas por los profesionales en el trabajo, junto a los sujetos en un contexto de violencia. La muestra comprendió de 11 participantes, representantes de las cinco regiones geográficas brasileñas. La recolección de los datos fue por medio de un formulario online, que está disponible vía Google Doc’s y enviado por e-mail. Las informaciones fueron constituidas en categorías para análisis cuantitativo-cualitativo. Se verificó que la práctica profesional es muy diversa, indicando que el papel del psicólogo no se limita solamente al espacio físico de la comisaría, sino que también atraviesa a otras esferas de la sociedad. La práctica psicológica en las comisarías de la mujer reveló un desafío diario y una tarea ardua para los profesionales, exigiendo un vasto conocimiento teórico-técnico y disponibilidad afectiva por tratarse de un tema complejo. La escasez de directrices para la actuación, sumada a la poca formación profesional, contribuye para la existencia de dificultades en el enfrentamiento de la violencia contra la mujer
Análisis de la variable sexo en la escala de Búsqueda de Sensaciones (SSS-V) empleando técnicas de Funcionamiento Diferencial de los Ítems
Authors: Escorial Martín Sergio
Published: May 2017

Estudios en el área de la personalidad han encontrado que los hombres y las mujeres difieren sistemáticamente en el grado en que buscan o necesitan experimentar nuevas sensaciones. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar estas diferencias en el instrumento SSS-V utilizando técnicas de Funcionamiento Diferencial de los ítems (DIF), con el fin de determinar si estas diferencias son el resultado de un funcionamiento anómalo de los ítems en el grupo de hombres y mujeres o si, por el contrario, están reflejando diferencias reales. Para ello, se administró el test SSS-V a 1191 participantes de un amplio rango de edad. Se emplearon los siguientes métodos para detectar el posible DIF: SIBTEST, regresión logística, estadístico χ2 de Lord y modelo DFIT. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que, pese a existir algunos ítems con DIF, las diferencias observadas parecen deberse realmente a una diferencia en el constructo de personalidad y no a la presencia de ítems con DIF.
TERRITÓRIO E ACESSO: QUESTÕES SOBRE AS POLÍTICAS DE SAÚDE
Authors: Bernardes Anita Guazzelli
Published: May 2017

Este artículo tiene el objetivo de discutir las articulaciones entre territorio y formas de acceso a la salud, a partir de la reflexión sobre las Políticas de Salud brasileras y el perfil epidemiológico que circunscriben. Problematiza y pone en análisis algunos elementos para reflexionar sobre las prácticas en salud a partir del campo de las Políticas de Salud y de lo que estas producen como modos de subjetivación. El texto se apoya en una perspectiva posestructuralista de la Psicología Social, focalizando principalmente las herramientas conceptuales foucaultianas. Se parte de la discusión sobre la relación entre Políticas de Salud y perfil epidemiológico; a partir de las consideraciones de esa relación, se articula la problemática del territorio y de las formas de acceso. Con base en esos elementos, para finalizar la reflexión, se intenta apuntar algunas cuestiones que nos permiten pensar acerca de lo que el encuentro de las prácticas en salud con el territorio produce de diferente.
CONDIÇÕES DE VIDA, SAÚDE MENTAL E GÊNERO EM CONTEXTOS RURAIS: UM ESTUDO A PARTIR DE ASSENTAMENTOS DE REFORMA AGRÁRIA DO NORDESTE BRASILEIRO
Authors: Ferreira Leite Jader , Dimenstein Magda , Macedo João Paulo Sales , Dantas Candida Bezerra , Silva Eliane Lucas , Sousa Adrielly Pereira de
Published: May 2017

Se tuvo como objetivo investigar la incidencia de Trastornos Mentales Comunes (tmc) en asentamientos rurales de los estados de Río Grande do Norte y Piauí, así como las implicaciones de las condicionalidades de género en la producción de sufrimiento, junto con hombres y mujeres mayores de 18 años. Los procedimientos metodológicos adoptados fueron: aplicación de un Cuestionario Sociodemográfico y Ambiental y del srq-20, así como entrevistas semiestructuradas. Los resultados destacan la mayor incidencia de tmc en mujeres y relacionan la presencia de tmc a menor renta y baja escolaridad. Para las mujeres, el sufrimiento mental está asociado con la sobrecarga de trabajo doméstico, violencia de género y estresores de lo cotidiano; y para los hombres se destacan la sobrecarga del trabajo en la agricultura, aparición de enfermedades y pérdida de la vitalidad física. Debe tenerse en cuenta que la incidencia de tmc se presenta a partir de determinantes tales como desigualdad social, problemas de acceso a las políticas de educación y salud y a los modos de subjetivación en torno a las relaciones de género.
The Dynamics of Borrower Reputation Following Financial Misreporting
Authors: Chava Sudheer , Huang Kershen , Johnson Shane A.
Published: May 2017

We study the dynamics of borrower reputation in bank loan markets following revelations of financial misreporting by the borrower. Misreporting firms pay greater loan spreads than matched firms for at least six years following revelation of the misreporting, and there is no evidence of a downward trend in the misreporting premium. Following revelation, misreporting firms are more likely to engage in various actions to potentially rebuild their reputations, but even firms that engage in multiple actions continue to pay greater loan spreads for at least six years. Our results suggest that misreporting causes long-lasting and costly reputation losses that firms find very difficult or prohibitively costly to restore.

Data and the online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2739 .

This paper was accepted by Wei Jiang, finance.
A Characterization of Subgame-Perfect Equilibrium Plays in Borel Games of Perfect Information
Authors: Flesch János , Predtetchinski Arkadi
Published: May 2017

We provide a characterization of subgame-perfect equilibrium plays in a class of perfect information games where each player’s payoff function is Borel measurable and has finite range. The set of subgame-perfect equilibrium plays is obtained through a process of iterative elimination of plays. Extensions to games with bounded Borel measurable payoff functions are discussed. As an application of our results, we show that if every player’s payoff function is bounded and upper semicontinuous, then, for every positive epsilon, the game admits a subgame-perfect epsilon-equilibrium. As we do not assume that the number of players is finite, this result generalizes the corresponding result of Purves and Sudderth [24] [Purves RA, Sudderth WD (2011) Perfect information games with upper semicontinuous payoffs. Math. Oper. Res. 36(3):468–473].
Nickel Supported Natural Zeolite as a Bifunctional Catalysts for Conversion of Citronella Oil Crude to Menthols
Authors: Pertiwi Ralentri , Tursiloadi Silvester , Adilina Indri Badria , Sembiring Kiky Corneliasari , Oaki Yuya
Published: May 2017

Characterization and catalytic activity of modified natural zeolite for the conversion of citronella oil to menthol was investigated. In this research, natural zeolite was prepared by acid activation with HCl and impregnated with Ni metal. The addition of Ni metal of around 12.5 nm in diameter provided a bifunctional catalyst for two steps of citronella oil conversion i.e. cyclization and hydrogenation. The process was performed in a one-pot reaction system by stirring at 200oC with pressure of 20 bar H2 for 3h. The reaction products changed slightly with varieties of reaction temperature and amount of catalysts employed. Results showed that Ni/NZB-HT catalyst was the best catalyst which was able to convert citronella oil to menthol with a selectivity of 50% menthol and 100% conversion of citronellal.
Royal Hawaiian Featherwork: Nā Hulu Ali i. (Caldeira et al, eds.)
Authors: Wilkins Teresa
Published: May 2017

This work is a book review considering the title Royal Hawaiian Featherwork: Nā Hulu Ali i edited by Leah Pualahaole Caldeira, Christina Hellmich, Adrienne Kaeppler, Betty Lou Kam, and Roger Rose.
Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pertumbuhan Area Pinggiran (Studi Kasus: di Kecamatan Karanganyar sebagai Ibukota Kabupaten Karanganyar)
Authors: Baiquni M. Irsyad , Setioko Bambang
Published: May 2017

Pertumbuhan penduduk di perkotaan, berdampak pada kebutuhan tanah yang meningkat pula.Karena keterbatasan lahan di perkotaan maka pembangunan akan meluas di area pinggiran.Kecamatan Karanganyar sebagai ibu kota Kabupaten Karanganyar menjadi pusat pemerintahan danberfungsi sebagai perkotaan, masih memiliki lahan belum terbangun yang cukup luas. Tetapi terjadifenomena pembangunan perumahan dan permukiman baru, di area pinggiranya. Sehingga perludiketahui apa yang menjadi penyebab terjadinya pertumbuhan tersebut. Salah satu cara adalahdengan jalan mencari faktor-faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan area pinggiran diKecamatan Karanganyar sebagai ibukota kabupaten. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deduktifkuantitatif. Pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan teknik random sampling, diambil daristakeholders pertumbuhan area pinggiran di Kecamatan Karanganyar. Analisis dilakukan dengananalisis deskriptif untuk mendeskripsikan area perkotaan dan pinggiran, serta analisis kuantitatifmelalui analisis faktor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 5 (lima) faktor yang mempengaruhipertumbuhan area pinggiran di Kecamatan Karanganyar sebagai ibukota kabupaten, yaitu faktorketersediaan fasilitas sosial, faktor pelayanan, faktor ekonomi dan lingkungan, faktor kemudahan, danfaktor kenyamanan.Kata kunci: area pinggiran, faktor, pertumbuhan
Kajian Perkembangan Aktivitas Sosial dan Rekreasi di Jalur Pedestrian (Studi Kasus : Jalur Pedestrian Jalan Pahlawan)
Authors: Pratitis Anggar -
Published: May 2017

Jalur pedestrian, selain memiliki fungsi wajib sebagai ruang berjalan kaki juga terdapat fungsi sampingan sebagai ruang untuk melakukan aktivitas pilihan seperti berekreasi dan beraktivitas sosial (Rapoport, 1977). Salah satu jalur pedestrian di kota Semarang yang berkembang aktivitas pilihannya yaitu jalur pedestrian jalan Pahlawan. Di jalur pedestrian tersebut fungsi wajib sebagai ruang berjalan kaki tidak berkembang justru jalur pedestrian digunakan masyarakat untuk kegiatan rekreasi dan aktivitas sosial (Pattisinai, 2011). Uniknya, jalur pedestrian jalan Pahlawan ini merupakan lokasi perkantoran formal dan tidak terdapat aktivitas pendukung untuk aktivitas sosial dan rekreasi. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji fenomena perkembangan aktivitas sosial dan rekreasi di jalur pedestrian dengan melihat hubungan yang ditimbulkan antara aktivitas dan ruang. Adapun metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu metode kombinasi kuantitatif dan kualitatif yang dilakukan dengan cara mencampur kedua metode secara tidak seimbang yang disebut Concurrent Embedded (Campuran tidak berimbang) (Sugiyono, 2013). Hasil dari penelitian ini bahwa terdapat hubungan saling mempengaruhi dan dipengaruhi antara ruang dan aktivitas di jalur pedestrian jalan Pahlawan. Aktivitas sosial dan rekreasi yang terjadi di ruang jalur pedestrian jalan Pahlawan memunculkan suasana kawasan yang berbeda dan menarik serta menambah kualitas ruang yang ada.
Normative Data for Critical Speed and D' for High-Level Male Rugby Players
Authors: Kramer Mark , Clark Ida E. , Jamnick Nick , Strom Cody , Pettitt Robert W.
Published: May 2017

Kramer, M, Clark, IE, Jamnick, N, Strom, C, and Pettitt, RW. Normative data for critical speed and D' for high-level male rugby players. J Strength Cond Res 32(3): 783–789, 2018—The critical speed (CS) concept helps characterize the aerobic and anaerobic fitness of an athlete. Rugby players should, hypothetically, have modest CS values but extremely high curvature constant (D') values, yet, normative data are currently unavailable. To develop normative data of CS and D' for high-level male rugby players, a total of 30 male rugby players were recruited from the Eastern Cape of South Africa. All subjects performed the running 3-minute all-out exercise test (3 MT) using global positioning system (GPS) technology to determine CS and D'. The GPS data were used to determine the total distance and velocities performed, and to examine for pacing effects. Summary statistics of mean ± SD are provided. High total running speeds for the initial 150 seconds (S
150s = 5.79 ± 0.59 m·s−1), and total distance (3 MT distance = 871.5 ± 71.9 m) were observed. A total of 13 of 30 subjects surpassed the 300 m D' value (mean D' = 288.2 ± 49.1 m). The CS of the total group was 3.87 ± 0.55 m·s−1. All 3 MT-derived data were categorized using standard nine (stanine) tables that allowed for the generation of normative data with which future performances, performances across similar sporting domains, and more accurate contrasts across the literature can be compared. Skewing of CS and D' was observed between forwards and backs, therefore, between-group differences in neither CS nor D' were observed (p > 0.05). Comparisons with previous literature indicate that male rugby players have higher CS values than female rugby players. When compared with Olympic distance runners, male rugby players have markedly higher D' values and markedly lower CS values. The 3 MT provides a useful procedure for assessing and prescribing high-intensity interval training for rugby athletes.
Mfn2 deletion in brown adipose tissue protects from insulin resistance and impairs thermogenesis
Authors: Mahdaviani Kiana , Benador Ilan Y , Su Shi , Gharakhanian Raffi A , Stiles Linsey , Trudeau Kyle M , Cardamone Maria , Enríquez‐Zarralanga Violeta , Ritou Eleni , Aprahamian Tamar , Oliveira Marcus F , Corkey Barbara E , Perissi Valentina , Liesa Marc , Shirihai Orian S
Published: May 2017

BAT‐controlled thermogenic activity is thought to be required for its capacity to prevent the development of insulin resistance. This hypothesis predicts that mediators of thermogenesis may help prevent diet‐induced insulin resistance. We report that the mitochondrial fusion protein Mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) in BAT is essential for cold‐stimulated thermogenesis, but promotes insulin resistance in obese mice. Mfn2 deletion in mice through Ucp1‐cre (BAT‐Mfn2‐KO) causes BAT lipohypertrophy and cold intolerance. Surprisingly however, deletion of Mfn2 in mice fed a high fat diet (HFD) results in improved insulin sensitivity and resistance to obesity, while impaired cold‐stimulated thermogenesis is maintained. Improvement in insulin sensitivity is associated with a gender‐specific remodeling of BAT mitochondrial function. In females, BAT mitochondria increase their efficiency for ATP‐synthesizing fat oxidation, whereas in BAT from males, complex I‐driven respiration is decreased and glycolytic capacity is increased. Thus, BAT adaptation to obesity is regulated by Mfn2 and with BAT‐Mfn2 absent, BAT contribution to prevention of insulin resistance is independent and inversely correlated to whole‐body cold‐stimulated thermogenesis.
γ‐Secretase inhibitors in cancer clinical trials are pharmacologically and functionally distinct
Authors: Ran Yong , Hossain Fokhrul , Pannuti Antonio , Lessard Christian B , Ladd Gabriela Z , Jung Joo In , Minter Lisa M , Osborne Barbara A , Miele Lucio , Golde Todd E
Published: May 2017

γ‐Secretase inhibitors (GSIs) are being actively repurposed as cancer therapeutics based on the premise that inhibition of NOTCH1 signaling in select cancers is therapeutic. Using novel assays to probe effects of GSIs against a broader panel of substrates, we demonstrate that clinical GSIs are pharmacologically distinct. GSIs show differential profiles of inhibition of the various NOTCH substrates, with some enhancing cleavage of other NOTCH substrates at concentrations where NOTCH1 cleavage is inhibited. Several GSIs are also potent inhibitors of select signal peptide peptidase (SPP/SPPL) family members. Extending these findings to mammosphere inhibition assays in triple‐negative breast cancer lines, we establish that these GSIs have different functional effects. We also demonstrate that the processive γ‐secretase cleavage pattern established for amyloid precursor protein (APP) occurs in multiple substrates and that potentiation of γ‐secretase cleavage is attributable to a direct action of low concentrations of GSIs on γ‐secretase. Such data definitively demonstrate that the clinical GSIs are not biological equivalents, and provide an important framework to evaluate results from ongoing and completed human trials with these compounds.
GAD antibody-associated limbic encephalitis in a young woman with APECED
Authors: Kopczak Anna , Schumacher Adrian-Minh , Nischwitz Sandra , Kümpfel Tania , Stalla Günter K , Auer Matthias K
Published: May 2017

The autoimmune polyendocrinopathy–candidiasis–ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by a mutation in the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene. Immune deficiency, hypoparathyroidism and Addison’s disease due to autoimmune dysfunction are the major clinical signs of APECED. We report on a 21-year-old female APECED patient with two inactivating mutations in the AIRE gene. She presented with sudden onset of periodic nausea. Adrenal insufficiency was diagnosed by means of the ACTH stimulation test. Despite initiation of hormone replacement therapy with hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone, nausea persisted and the patient developed cognitive deficits and a loss of interest which led to the diagnosis of depression. She was admitted to the psychiatric department for further diagnostic assessment. An EEG showed a focal epileptic pattern. Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies, which had been negative eight years earlier, were now elevated in serum and in the cerebrospinal fluid. Oligoclonal bands were positive indicating an inflammatory process with intrathecal antibody production in the central nervous system (CNS). The periodic nausea was identified as dialeptic seizures, which clinically presented as gastrointestinal aura followed by episodes of reduced consciousness that occurred about 3–4 times per day. GAD antibody-associated limbic encephalitis (LE) was diagnosed. Besides antiepileptic therapy, an immunosuppressive treatment with corticosteroids was initiated followed by azathioprine. The presence of nausea and vomiting in endocrine patients with autoimmune disorders is indicative of adrenal insufficiency. However, our case report shows that episodic nausea may be a symptom of epileptic seizures due to GAD antibodies-associated LE in patients with APECED.

Learning points:

Episodic nausea cannot only be a sign of Addison’s disease, but can also be caused by epileptic seizures with gastrointestinal aura due to limbic encephalitis.

GAD antibodies are not only found in diabetes mellitus type 1, but they are also associated with autoimmune limbic encephalitis and can appear over time.

Limbic encephalitis can be another manifestation of autoimmune disease in patients with APECED/APS-1 that presents over the time course of the disease.
Pheochromocytomatosis associated with a novel TMEM127 mutation
Authors: Yu Run , Sharaga Danielle , Donner Christopher , Palma Diaz M Fernando , Livhits Masha J , Yeh Michael W
Published: May 2017

Pheochromocytomatosis, a very rare form of pheochromocytoma recurrence, refers to new, multiple, and often small pheochromocytomas growing in and around the surgical resection bed of a previous adrenalectomy for a solitary pheochromocytoma. We here report a case of pheochromocytomatosis in a 70-year-old female. At age 64 years, she was diagnosed with a 6-cm right pheochromocytoma. She underwent laparoscopic right adrenalectomy, during which the tumor capsule was ruptured. At age 67 years, CT of abdomen did not detect recurrence. At age 69 years, she began experiencing episodes of headache and diaphoresis. At age 70 years, biochemical markers of pheochromocytoma became elevated with normal calcitonin level. CT revealed multiple nodules of various sizes in the right adrenal fossa, some of which were positive on metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scan. She underwent open resection of pheochromocytomatosis. Histological examination confirmed numerous pheochromocytomas ranging 0.1–1.2 cm in size. Next-generation sequencing of a panel of genes found a novel heterozygous germline c.570delC mutation in TMEM127, one of the genes that, if mutated, confers susceptibility to syndromic pheochromocytoma. Molecular analysis showed that the c.570delC mutation is likely pathogenic. Our case highlights the typical presentation of pheochromocytomatosis, a rare complication of adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma. Previous cases and ours collectively demonstrate that tumor capsule rupture during adrenalectomy is a risk factor for pheochromocytomatosis. We also report a novel TMEM127 mutation in this case.

Learning points:

Pheochromocytomatosis is a very rare form of pheochromocytoma recurrence.

Pheochromocytomatosis refers to new, multiple and often small pheochromocytomas growing in and around the surgical resection bed of a previous adrenalectomy for a solitary pheochromocytoma.

Tumor capsule rupture during adrenalectomy predisposes a patient to develop pheochromocytomatosis.

Surgical resection of the multiple tumors of pheochromocytomatosis is recommended.

Pheochromocytoma recurrence should prompt genetic testing for syndromic pheochromocytoma.
Ultraprotective Ventilation during CPB Protects the Alveolar-Capillary Barrier in Pulmonary Normotensive Congenital Heart Patients
Authors: Gocen Ugur , Atalay Atakan
Published: May 2017

Background: Alveolar-capillary membrane damage develops as a result of the inflammatory effect of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). In the presence of a healthy alveolar-capillary barrier, there is little or no surfactant in the blood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of ultraprotective ventilation during CPB by measuring serum and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) surfactant protein B (SPB) values in congenital heart surgery.Methods: This prospective study was designed for 46 patients with congenital heart defects. Patients were classified into two groups: group 1 comprising pulmonary normotensive patients and group 2 consisting of pulmonary hypertensive (PH) patients. Each group was divided into two sub-groups: (a) those who received ultraprotective ventilation during CPB and (b) those who did not receive ultraprotective ventilation during CPB. Serum SPB (S-SPB) values were measured preoperatively (ST1); at the fourth hour postop (ST2); and at the 24th hour postop (ST3). BAL SPB values were measured preoperatively (BT1); and at the fourth hour postop (BT2). Results: ST1, ST2, and ST3 values of group 1a (pulmonary normotensive ventilated patients) and group 1b (pulmonary normotensive non-ventilated patients) were much lower than those of group 2a (pulmonary hypertensive ventilated patients) and group 2b (pulmonary hypertensive non-ventilated patients) (P < .05). The evaluation of ST1, ST2, and ST3 values between groups 1a and 1b did not show statistically significant differences. When comparing ST1 to ST3, a decrease in value was observed in group 1a (32.28 ± 13.27 ng/mL to 19.38 ± 7.6 ng/mL) (P = .006). In Group 1b, values increased between ST1 and ST2 before decreasing from ST2 to ST3; however, the ST3 values were still higher than their ST1 counterparts. It was recorded that there was no statistically significant difference between the ST1, ST2, and ST3 values of group 2a and group 2b. A comparison of the BT1 and BT2 values in groups also yielded no statistically significant differences. Conclusion: Although pulmonary hypertension is known to result in lung injury, this study is important as it shows that ultraprotective ventilation protects the alveolar-capillary barrier in pulmonary normotensive congenital heart patients.
Primitive Passions, Blinding Visions: Arthur Rimbaud's “Mystique” and a Tradition of Mystical Ekphrasis
Authors: Connolly Thomas C.
Published: May 2017

In 1935 the Dutch scholar Johannes B. Tielrooy argued that Arthur Rimbaud's prose poem “Mystique” (c. 1872) was an ekphrasis, or literary description, of the central panel of Hubert and Jan van Eyck's altarpieceAdoration of the Mystic Lamb(1432). Although this hypothesis was deemed credible for a number of years, it is now thought to be unlikely that the painting inspired the poem or that the poem is an instance of ekphrasis. However, Tielrooy's ekphrastic interpretation can still be used to reveal elements of the poem otherwise hidden to the reader. I demonstrate the potential of Tielrooy's speculative practice, what I call mystical ekphrasis, by juxtaposing Rimbaud's poem with a chromolithographic representation of one of Jean Fouquet's illuminations, with which the poem also has possible but not conclusive links.
Framed in Black
Authors: Feldman Keith P.
Published: May 2017

I've had Nina Simone's “sinnerman” on repeat for months. The propulsive force of Simone's 1965 live version of this gospel song drives its ten-minute ferocity straight into the contemporary American zeitgeist. As she tells her audience in the lead-up to a lesser-known performance of the song, recorded in 1961, Simone learned “Sinnerman” when she was a “little bitty girl in revival meetings. It happened when my mother and lots more like her tried to save souls.” The song's judgment-day tale of redemption's refusal is told doubly, both by the sinner—“I cried rock / don't you see I need you, rock”—and by those from whom the sinner begs, if not forgiveness, then simply some measure of mercy from the divine justice to come: “Oh sinnerman, where you gonna run to?” The break in the middle of the 1965 recording strips the song down to Simone's handclaps on the second and fourth beats. All that remains is the tenuous intensity of the time neither of redemption nor of damnation but merely of “accompaniment” in the in-between (Tomlinson and Lipsitz). Called forth from that time, in all of Simone's live recordings, and missing from those of Les Baxter or the Weavers just a few years earlier, comes the insurgent cry for “Power!” over and over, to the point of near exhaustion.
Post-anticolonialism
Authors: Helgesson Stefan
Published: May 2017

In the wake of 9/11, from an already distant moment of globalization (before we even knew words like anthropocene or Facebook), Arif Dirlik asked if postcolonial critique hadn't failed to take the rapidly evolving new modalities of capitalism into account. By foregrounding the experience of colonialism so insistently, postcolonialism risked cultivating “an exaggerated view of the hold of the past over contemporary realities, and an obliviousness to the reconfiguration of past legacies by contemporary restructurations of power” (“Rethinking Colonialism” 429). What it had achieved, however, was an interrogation of “fundamental contradictions in an earlier discourse on colonialism,” whereby the meaning of colonialism had shifted from the post-1945 Manichaean narrative to something far more ambiguous (431). As a consequence, even anticolonial nationalism, which had largely been shaped by native functionaries of colonial rule, came to be understood as a product of colonialism. Frantz Fanon was among the first to confront this problem (119–99). But when his alternative vision of an organic nationhood developing out of the rural peasantry failed to emerge, the intellectual legacies of anticolonialism were, unsurprisingly, subjected to sustained interrogation. Indeed, Dirlik attributes such a reorientation in post-colonial criticism precisely to the failures of postcolonial regimes (“Rethinking Colonialism” 434).
Hybridity in the Vernacular: Nineteenth-Century Muslim Reform and Resistance
Authors: Khan Maryam Wasif
Published: May 2017

[W]hat attracted Nussooh's immediate attention was a cabinet of books. There was a large collection of volumes; but whether Persian or Urdu, all were of the same kind, equally indecent and irreligious. Looking to the beauty of the binding, the excellence of the lithography, the fineness of the paper, the elegance of the style, and the propriety of the diction, Kulleem's books made a valuable library, but their contents were mischievous and degrading; and after Nussooh had examined them one by one, he resolved to commit them also to the flames.

—Nazir Ahmad, The Repentance of Nussooh

In the past twenty-five years, no theoretical conception has summed up the complexity of the colonial experience, and the possibilities of its interpretation, as well as Homi K. Bhabha's “hybridity.” “he sign of the productivity of colonial power,” but also the “name for the strategic reversal of the process of domination through disavowal,” hybridity exposes the uncomfortable state in which colonial culture settled and expanded and, today, continues to beleaguer the state of being “postcolonial” (Bhabha 112). Signiied by the “discovery of the book,” hegemony was marked by the miracle of an object that was at once authoritative and unknowable, one that the supposedly unlettered native could hold in reverent hands (102). In the dark space of the native's hands and narrated within a native register, however, the “colonial text emerges uncertainly” (107). he intent to civilize and anglicize a body of social, religious, and aesthetic practices in the colony, then, is adulterated, perhaps even unconsciously resisted, once it is disseminated by way of the seemingly irrefutable book.
“Let Us Save China”: Gertrude Stein and Politics
Authors: Stein Gertrude , Van Puymbroeck Birgit
Published: May 2017

Much has been written about Stein's politics ever since it was revealed, in 1996, that Stein had translated many of Philippe Pétain's speeches (Burns and Dydo, “Gertrude Stein”; Van Dusen). If some critics accuse Stein of collaboration with Vichy France, others defend her by pointing out contradictory evidence regarding her behavior during the war years. Barbara Will, in Unlikely Collaboration; Gertrude Stein, Bernard Fay, and the Vichy Dilemma (2011), casts Stein in the role of pro-Vichy thinker whose support of Pétain was “heartfelt and dogged” (118). In addition to translating Pétain's speeches, Stein was a close friend of Bernard Fay, who, as head of the Bibliothèque Nationale de France, was an official high up in the administration of Vichy France. Charles Bernstein, Edward Burns, and Joan Retallack take up Stein's defense in jacket2's online dossier Gertrude Stein's War Years; Setting the Record Straight (2012). They argue that no conclusive evidence ties Stein explicitly to Vichy France (Burns) and highlight the irony in some of her statements—for instance, that Hitler deserved the Nobel Peace Prize (Bernstein, “Gertrude Stein”; Retallack). Furthermore, Stein published her writing in both the Vichy-sponsored magazine Patrie (“Fatherland”) and the anti-Nazi and anti-Vichy journals Confluences, Fontaine (“Fountain”), and L'arbalète (“The Cross-Bow”) during the war years (Burns and Dydo, “Three Lives”; Burns). She sympathizes with the French maquis in her postwar memoir Wars I Have Seen and writes about the inner workings of the Resistance in her play In Savoy; or, Yes Is for a Very Young Man (Wagner-Martin).
Beyond Psychoanalysis: Resistance and Reparative Reading in Alison Bechdel'sAre You My Mother?
Authors: Clewell Tammy
Published: May 2017

Alison Bechdel's graphic memoirAre You My Mother? A Comic Dramapromotes a form of reparation for its author and its readers, making a case for the much-maligned idea that literature serves therapeutic aims. The book not only models a reparative reading practice by using comics form to engage the insights and limits of psychoanalysis and modernist literature but also elicits a reparative reading experience for a community of readers forged in the discovery of a common emotional struggle. Bechdel's memoir represents an autobiographical narrator's loving yet ambivalent relationship with her mother in ways that invite readers to acknowledge a shared affective history of complex mother-daughter relationships that merits public examination, empathy, and social inclusion.
Law and language in a multilingual society
Authors: Harms Louis
Published: May 2017

Terence McKenna, in Wild Ducks Flying Backwards, said that he did not believe that the world is made of quarks or electro-magnetic waves, or stars, or planets, or of any such things. ’I believe’ he said, ‘the world is made of language.’ It would have been more correct to have said that the world is made of languages, many of them.
The role of International sustainable development law principles in enabling effective renewable energy policy – a South African perspective.
Authors: Barnard Michelle
Published: May 2017

It is universally accepted that renewable energy is an important contributing factor towards the promotion of sustainable development.  The implementation of renewable energy needs to be regulated in an effective manner which in turn necessitates the formulation of law and policy geared towards sustainable development. Recent policy developments in South Africa propose to facilitate the promotion of sustainable development through the implementation of renewable energy, among others.  In terms of existing energy policy in South-Africa, the interconnectivity of renewable energy and sustainable development is evident.  Most notably, the White Paper on Renewable Energy of 2003 promotes increased access to affordable renewable energy in order to contribute to sustainable development.  Moreover, the 2008 first review of the National Energy Efficiency Strategy of the Republic of South-Africa of 2005 states that in order for the country’s renewable energy policy to be considered sustainable, it needs to facilitate development in the social, economic and environmental spheres.  Notwithstanding, attaining the goal of sustainable development depends on whether all its effecting principles are catered for in the policy developments.  Accordingly, in order to ascertain whether South-African law and policy can successfully facilitate/enable sustainable development via the implementation of renewable energy, a specific methodology is proposed. In terms of the New Delhi Declaration of 2002 there are 7 principles of international law effecting sustainable development.  These principles will be used as criteria in a principled assessment of South-African renewable energy law and policy in order to establish whether the goal of promoting sustainable development would be effected through the national policy developments.
Comparative analysis of access to patented HIV/AIDS pharmaceutical medicines through the Canadian and EU TRIPS flexibilities measures: are they efficacious or overly burdensome and ineffective measures?
Authors: Sibanda Omphemetse S
Published: May 2017

This paper evaluates the Canadian and the European Union's (EU) implementation of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) General Council Decision of 2003, which resolved that developed nations could export patented pharmaceutical drugs to member states in order to address public health challenges such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS), tuberculosis, malaria and other epidemics, such states including Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The author makes a primarily textual appraisal of how and to what extent the Canada Access to Medicine Regime (CAMR) and European Union (EU) Regulations benefit, for instance, SSA countries in the WTO in their quest to make essential medicine more accessible. The author argues that although there are identifiable complexities inherent in the Canadian and the EU's access to pharmaceutical product regimes, there are far more important incentives and benefits that can be reaped in taking advantage of the respective systems. The author recommends that countries facing public health crises/emergencies, such as SSA countries, and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) take advantage of the regulatory flexibilities of Canada and the EU in their efforts to provide their communities with essential HIV/AIDS treatment, and treatment for other diseases such as malaria. The author dismisses the arguments against TRIPS (Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property) flexibilities-inspired legislation and similar measures as mostly mere rhetoric and hair-splitting, because they sometimes unwarrantedly dismiss a workable solution to public-health problems.
Protein extraction, alkylation, and digestion for LC/MS of HEK-293 v3
Authors: Adachi Shun
Published: May 2017

Protocol for protein extraction, alkylation, and digestion to obtain LC/MS (liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry) data of calculated protein signal intensities in HEK-293 cells to monitor them.
Determinantes das Republicações no Mercado Brasileiro: Uma Análise a partir dos Incentivos ao Gerenciamento de Resultados
Authors: Marques Vagner Antônio , Amaral Hudson Fernandes , Souza Antônio Artur de , Santos Kleyverson Leonardo dos , Belo Pedro Henrique Rodrigues
Published: May 2017

A republicação das demonstrações contábeis é considerada uma proxy de qualidade da informação contábil, conforme a literatura sobre o tema (Dechow, Ge e Schrand, 2010). Diante disso, o objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar a relação existente entre as Hipóteses de Gerenciamento de Resultados e as Republicações das Demonstrações Contábeis. O estudo de natureza descritiva, documental e com abordagem quantitativa analisou dados de 344 empresas listadas na BM&FBOVESPA no período de 1998 a 2014. A análise foi realizada por meio de regressão com dados em painel, testando-se as hipóteses de que o Pacote de Remuneração dos gestores, o Nível de Endividamento e o Tamanho da empresa afetam a Republicação das Demonstrações Contábeis. Observou-se que o tamanho, o crescimento dos ativos, ser auditado por uma Big4 e a adoção das IFRS tiveram efeito positivo e estatisticamente significativo sobre a probabilidade de republicação das demonstrações. Por outro lado, a adoção da SOX, NivGov têm efeitos negativos e estatisticamente significativos.