bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Employee Moral Awareness in Promoting Ethical Leadership: Towards Reducing Organisational Deviance in Ghana
Authors: Boateng Coffie Rosemary , Owusu Ansah Martin , Ellis Florence
Published: April 2023

A leader’s influence on subordinate behaviour may not always be direct as indicated by some researchers. Ethical leadership’s influence may be dependent on other boundary factors. Employees’ attentiveness to moral issues varies depending on how they cognitively process moral signals. This difference in employee moral awareness influences how an individual persistently recognizes and perceives morality and moral elements and subsequently practices its requirements. The study gap revolves around how employee moral awareness relates to ethical leadership and organisational deviance in the Ghanaian context. One key objective was to determine whether employee moral awareness moderates the nexus between organisational deviance and ethical leadership since the body of research on EL has largely relied on a leader-focused approach without regard to how subordinates’ characteristics form boundary conditions to shape EL influence. The study also investigated the relationship between ethical leadership and organisational deviance. The study targeted 12 tier-1 banks operating as universal banks in Ghana and used a quantitative approach to sample and collect data from respondents associated with these banks. In analyzing the data, structural equation modelling, as well as descriptive statistics, were used. Results from the study report a significant negative relationship between ethical leadership and organisational deviance. Subordinate moral awareness also had an important moderating function in the association between organisational deviance and ethical leadership. Moral awareness training is recommended to be incorporated into organisational human resource training programs.
Stochastic representation of the quantum quartic oscillator
Authors: Tucci Gennaro , De Nicola Stefano , Wald Sascha , Gambassi Andrea
Published: April 2023

Recent experimental advances have inspired the development of
theoretical tools to describe the non-equilibrium dynamics of quantum
systems. Among them an exact representation of quantum spin systems in
terms of classical stochastic processes has been proposed. Here we
provide first steps towards the extension of this stochastic approach to
bosonic systems by considering the one-dimensional quantum quartic
oscillator. We show how to exactly parameterize the time evolution of
this prototypical model via the dynamics of a set of classical
variables. We interpret these variables as stochastic processes, which
allows us to propose a novel way to numerically simulate the time
evolution of the system. We benchmark our findings by considering
analytically solvable limits and providing alternative derivations of
known results.
Staphylococcus aureus Dormancy: Waiting for Insurgency
Authors: Nasser Ahmad , Jahanbakhshi Shiva , Soltan Dallal Mohammad Mehdi , Banar Maryam , Sattari-Maraji Azin , Azimi Taher
Published: April 2023

Relapse infection usually results from resistance to the antibiotic, acquired genes, or
persister cells. Persister cells are formed through mutation, reduced activity or metabolically inactive
pathways induced by antibiotics, harassing conditions, low ATP, and malnutrition. These
factors provide the ground for bacteria to grow slowly. Such a slow growth rate makes traditional
antibiotics ineffective against persister cells. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), in addition to this
form, can be observed in Small Colony Variants (SCVs), L-forms, and dormant, all of which are
characterized by at least one feature, i.e., slow growth. Despite their slow growth, they are metabolically
active in terms of stringent SOS and cell wall stress responses. The stress response involves
resistance against harassing conditions, and it survives until it is reactivated later. The present
study aims to discuss the mechanisms of all persister cell formations, circumstances involved,
gene mutation, and adoptable strategies against it.
Bioassay-guided Isolation and Identification of Antidiabetic Compounds
from Naregamia alata
Authors: Rodrigues Wilson Joel , Nekrakaleya Bhagya , Ramaiah Chandrashekar Konambi , Poojary Boja
Published: April 2023

Background:

Naregamia alata is an endemic herb of Western Ghats with traditional medicinal uses and pharmacological activities, viz. anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antipyretic, hepatoprotective and antidiabetic effects. However, no information is available on the phyto-constituents of N. alata responsible for antidiabetic activities.

Objective:

Isolation and identification of compound/s from the dichloromethane fraction of methanol extract of N. alata and to confirm the antidiabetic activity using streptozotocin induced diabetic rat models.

Methods:

The DCM fraction obtained from the methanol extract of N. alata was fractionated using column chromatography. The fractions with in vivo antidiabetic activity were characterised chemically using GCMS, FTIR, and 1H NMR to identify the phytochemicals responsible for the antidiabetic activities.

Results:

The study showed the antidiabetic effect of DCM fraction with the regulation of serum biochemical parameters. The chemical characterisation of the fractions responsible for the in vivo antidiabetic effect revealed the presence of hexadecanoic acid methyl ester and 13-docosenamide as two major compounds in one of the fractions (Fraction 1) and citronellol in another fraction (Fraction 2.2.1).

Conclusion:

The study highlights the role of hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, 13-docosenamide and citronellol in a reversal of serum biochemical parameters along with body weight in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats to near normal suggesting the potential antidiabetic properties of these compounds.
Human Liver Organoid Models for Assessment of Drug Toxicity at the
Preclinical Stage
Authors: Karabicici Mustafa , Akbari Soheil , Ertem Ozge , Gumustekin Mukaddes , Erdal Esra
Published: April 2023

The hepatotoxicity of drugs is one of the leading causes of drug withdrawal from the pharmaceutical market and high drug attrition rates. Currently, the commonly used hepatocyte models include conventional hepatic cell lines and animal models, which cannot mimic human drug-induced liver injury (DILI) due to poorly defined dose-response relationships and/or lack of human-specific mechanisms of toxicity. In comparison to 2D culture systems from different cell sources such as primary human hepatocytes and hepatomas, 3D organoids derived from an inducible pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) or adult stem cells are promising accurate models to mimic organ behavior with a higher level of complexity and functionality owing to their ability to self-renewal. Meanwhile, the heterogeneous cell composition of the organoids enables meta-bolic and functional zonation of hepatic lobule important in drug detoxification and has the ability to mimic idiosyncratic DILI as well. Organoids having higher drug-metabolizing enzyme capacities can culture long-term and be combined with microfluidic-based technologies such as organ-on-chips for a more precise representation of human susceptibility to drug response in a high-throughput manner. However, there are numerous limitations to be considered about this technology, such as enough maturation, differences between protocols and high cost. Herein, we first reviewed the current preclinical DILI assessment tools and looked at the organoid tech-nology with respect to in vitro detoxification capacities. Then we discussed the clinically appli-cable DILI assessment markers and the importance of liver zonation in the next generation or-ganoid-based DILI models.
A Specificity Protein 1 assists the Progression of the Papillary Thyroid Cell
Line by Initiating NECTIN4
Authors: Chen Jie , Bhandari Adheesh , Hirachan Suzita , Lv Shihui , Mainali Sumnima , Zheng Chen , Hao Rutian
Published: April 2023

Aims:

Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is one of the subtypes of thyroid cancer with increasing
incidence worldwide, but the molecular mechanism is still unclear.

Background:

Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is one of the subtypes of thyroid cancer with increasing
incidence worldwide, but the molecular mechanism is still unclear. Studies have indicated that
nectin cell adhesion molecule 4 (NECTIN4) was an oncogene and played an important role in the
development and progression of PTC. Meanwhile, specificity protein 1 (SP1) expresses many important
oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. However, the relationship between NECTIN4 and
SP1 in regulating PTC growth is unclear.

Objective:

In the present study, reverse transcription PCR was utilized to detect the mRNA expression
of NECTIN4 and SP1 in thyroid cancer cell lines and normal thyroid cell lines. Chromatin
immunoprecipitation assays and luciferase reporter assays were used to study whether SP1 could
bind to the promoter region of NECTIN4 and activate its transcription. The biological functions of
SP1 correlated with NECTIN4 were also performed in TPC-1 and KTC1 cell lines.

Methods:

The study revealed that the mRNA expression level of SP1 and NECTIN-4 showed a
positive correlation and were upregulated in PTC cell lines. Moreover, the results of ChIP and luciferase
reporter assays showed that SP1 could bind to the NECTIN4 promoter regions and activate
the transcriptional level of NECTIN4.

Results:

The experiments in vitro showed that SP1 could promote cell proliferation, colony formation,
migration, and invasion by regulating NECTIN4 in PTC cells.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, our study, for the first time, demonstrated that SP1 could control the
transcriptional regulation of NECTIN4 and accelerate the growth of PTC, which may provide a
new potential therapeutic target for PTC patients.
Modeling, Optimization, and Simulation of Nanomaterials-Based Organic
Thin Film Transistor for Future Use in pH Sensing
Authors: Moorthy Vijai Meyyappan , Mohan Viranjay Srivastava
Published: April 2023

Introduction:

Applications of Organic Thin Film Transistor (OTFT) range from flexible
screens to disposable sensors, making them a prominent research issue in recent decades. A very accurate
and exact pH sensing determination, including biosensors, is essential for these sensors.

Methods:

In this present research work, authors have proposed a nanomaterial-based OTFT for future
pH monitoring and other biosensing applications. This work presents a numerical model of a pH sensor
based on Carbon Nano Tubes (CNTs). Sensing in harsh conditions may be possible with the CNTs due
to their strong chemical and thermal resilience. This research work describes the numerical modeling of
Bottom-Gate Bottom-Contact (BGBC) OTFTs with a Semiconducting Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube
(s-SWCNT) and C60 fullerene blended active layer.

Results:

The design methodology of organic nanomaterial-based OTFTs has been presented with various
parameter extraction precisely its electrical characteristics, modeled by adjusting the parameters of
the basic semiconductor technology. For an active layer thickness of 200 nm, the drain current of the
highest-performing s-SWCNT:C60 -based OTFT structure was around 4.25 A. This demonstrates that it
is better than previously reported patents and published works.

Conclusion:

This allows for an accurate representation of the device's electrical characteristics. Using
Gold (Ag) Source/Drain (S/D) and back-gate electrodes as the medium for sensing, it has been realized
how the thickness of the active layer impacts the performance of an OTFT for pH sensor applications.
A Review on Nanotechnology Mediated - Herbal Drug Delivery for the
Treatment of Obesity
Authors: Shree Dipthi , Patra Chinam Niranjan , Sahoo Biswa Mohan
Published: April 2023

Since ancient times, traditional herbs have been widely used around the world for health promotion
and therapy. Obesity is a complex metabolic disorder and is becoming a mammoth problem that
adversely affects an individual’s quality of life. Conventional therapy for the management of obesity
mainly involves the use of synthetic moiety and bariatric surgical procedures which has severe side effects
and patient non-compliance. To circumvent these limitations, plant-derived medicines are utilized
which are safe, effective, economic, and easily available. The advancement of nanotechnology enables
the development of novel strategies that could potentiate the therapeutic efficacy of the phytoconstituents
with minimal toxic effects and promotes the controlled release of the plant bioactive compounds. Moreover,
great efforts have been made through targeted nanotechnology-based herbal treatment, where novel
nanocarriers are employed as herbal drug delivery vehicles to improve the pharmacokinetics of antiobesity
drugs. The recent advancement in phytonanotechnology have opened an avenue to explore novel
carriers to utilize bioactive compounds in biomedical and therapeutic applications. In the current review,
an extensive search is conducted for the existing original research articles using databases i.e., Google
Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Embase, Baidu, etc. Further, painstaking efforts are made to compile
and update the novel herbal nanocarriers such as liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, etc. which are widely
used for the treatment of obesity. This article portrays a comprehensive survey of the novel strategies
employed by the innovators working exclusively on herbal drug delivery systems. The recent development
of nanotechnology-based herbal drug delivery has a wide range of biomedical applications and has
provided an unprecedented opportunity to improve the treatment of obesity and obesity-related comorbidities.
Furthermore, the advancement of phytopharmacological science has led to several novel strategies
with improved nanotherapeutics for the management of obesity. Scientific research is still being carried
out in the field of nanotechnology for a better perspective on herbal drug delivery for obesity treatment
over conventional therapy.
Improved Generalized Differential Transform Method for a Class of Linear Nonhomogeneous Ordinary Fractional Differential Equations
Authors: KIYMAZ İ. Onur , ÇETİNKAYA Ayşegül
Published: April 2023

In this paper, by using the generalized Taylor's formula we improved the
generalized differential transform method, which is a useful tool for getting the
approximate analytic solutions of fractional differential equations. With this
improvement, solutions of a class of linear nonhomogeneous ordinary fractional
differential equations, which could not be solved with generalized differential
transform method before, will be achieved and the solutions obtained will contain
more integers and fractional exponents
Incomplete K2-function
Authors: Kumar Singh Dharmendra , Verma Vijay Laxmi
Published: April 2023

This chapter aims to introduce the incomplete K2-Function. Incomplete
hypergeometric function, incomplete confluent hypergeometric function, and
incomplete Mittag-Leffler function can be deduced as special cases of our findings.
Some fractional integral formulae illustrate various avenues of their applications.
A New Class of Truncated Exponential-Gould-Hopper-based Genocchi Polynomia
Authors: Yasmin Ghazala , Islahi Hibah
Published: April 2023

The present paper introduces a hybrid family of truncated exponential-Gould-Hopper-based Genocchi polynomials by means of generating function and
series definition. Some significant properties of these polynomials are established. In
addition, graphs of truncated exponential-Gould-Hopper-based Genocchi
polynomials are drawn using Matlab. Thereafter, the distribution of zeros of these
polynomials is shown.
On Solutions of the Kinetic Model by Sumudu Transform
Authors: Akgül Esra Karatas , Muhammed Belgacem Fethi Bin , Akgül Ali
Published: April 2023

This paper investigates the kinetic model with four different fractional
derivatives. We obtain the solutions of the models by Sumudu transform and
demonstrate our results with some figures. We prove the accuracy of the Sumudu
transform by some theoretical results and applications.
Carbon-Based Nanomaterials for Sensing Applications
Authors: Kumar Ameta Rakesh
Published: April 2023

: Recently, carbon-based nanomaterials (CBNM) have been widely used for
chemical and biosensing applications due to their outstanding physicochemical
properties, such as mechanical, thermal, optical, electrical and structural diversity. Such
materials include carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, graphene quantum dots and
fullerene. As a consequence of inimitable features, these give superior strength,
electrical conductivity, and flexibility toward numerous chemical and biological
objects, which is valuable for chemical sensing and biosensing purposes. However, the
specific intrinsic property makes graphene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) most
attractive among the various allotropes of carbon. Since the environmental
contaminants in ppm level affect the people, therefore the use of CBNM for
environmental sensing provides an accessible cache of data for modelling, which
makes it easy to monitor environmental challenges. Thus, the biological, chemical,
thermal, stress, optical, strain and flow sensors deliver a larger surface area, excellent
electrical conductivity with chemical constancy, as well as mechanical difficulty with
straightforward functionalization pathways of CNTs to improve old-style carbon
electrode sensor platforms. Therefore, in this chapter, the CBNM for sensing purposes
are focused in detail on their mechanism.
SPR-Based Biosensors in the Diagnostics and Therapeutics
Authors: Bhargav Anjali , Kumar Rai Neeraj
Published: April 2023

To analyze the physio-chemical measures of the cellular environment and
display them in digital units, transducing methods are applied in biosensors. The label.free biosensors employ biophysical characteristics such as spectroscopic methods,
crystallization, and Surface plasmonic resonance (SPR) to determine the availability or
concentration of substances. SPR is a method to elucidate interaction among
biomolecules exhibiting affinity binding, structural changes, or alteration in
pathological conditions. SPR methods are now employed in conjunction with a variety
of transducer topologies, including optical fibers, nanoparticle-based SPR, immobilized
or localized SPR (LSPR), long-range SPR, image SPR, immune-assay-based SPR, and
phase sensing SPR biosensors' versatile configuration allows for the early detection of
several illnesses, such as COVID-19, dengue, non-invasive cancer, biomarker-based
fetuses identification, therapeutic antibody characterization, drug monitoring, etc. SPR
system is leading in diagnostics and therapeutics with various advantages, such as their
portable size, cost-effectiveness, quick result, and easy-to-handle method, but at
extension, this technique needs development to ensure high sensitivity, averting
background effect and evolution of label-free direct detector to quantify real sample.
This chapter reviews the model’s instrumentation and bioassay of clinical samples from
SPR and its associated biosensor.
Recent Advances in the Application of Nano-Biosensor in Tissue Engineering
Authors: Katiyar Soumya , Kumari Shikha , Singh Ritika , Tripathi Abhay Dev , Singh Divakar , Srivastava Pradeep K. , Mishra Abha
Published: April 2023

Nanotechnology has a profound influence on environmental research,
infrastructure, energy, food standards, information technology, and medicine. In
biomedicine, nanotechnology primarily aims to provide solutions for preventive care,
diagnosis, and therapy. Biosensors have significantly revolutionized the medical sector
by offering on-site diagnostic capabilities. Since 1962, the combination of biosensors
with nanotechnology has made a significant contribution to therapeutics and tissue
engineering. Biosensors are diagnostic devices that monitor biochemical interactions
and translate them into measurable electrical, optical, or mechanical signals. The
tissue-engineered technology has gained popularity in the postmodern era to confront
the shortcomings of biomedical applications, graft rejection, challenges in the
recuperation of functional tissue, and specificities in the tissue regeneration site. The
multitude of techniques for evaluating cell counts, growth, metabolic activity, and
viability across the scaffolding of regenerated organs is reportedly labor-intensive and
time-consuming. Biosensors have been rapidly advancing and influencing the field of
tissue engineering in the last several decades. Recent developments in nanomedicine
and biomaterial science have enabled them to overcome long-standing challenges.
Biosensors used in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM), unlike the
other biological systems, must comply with the requirements mentioned above: (i)
biocompatible, causing no or little response to foreign materials; (ii) non-invasive
while probing the whole three-dimensional structure for targeted biomarkers; and (iii)
should offer long-term monitoring (days to weeks). This chapter offers a
comprehensive set of biosensors as well as their implementations in the field of tissue
engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM). This chapter reviews current
breakthroughs in nanobiosensors, their implementations in tissue engineering, and their
promise for diagnostic purposes.
Acute kidney injury and in-hospital mortality among patients with COVID-19 in Ghana – a single centre study
Authors: Tannor Elliot Koranteng , Ofori Emmanuel , Hutton-Mensah Kojo Awotwi , Akutek Martin , Afriyie Felicia Akua , Nyarko Obed Ofori , Hardy Yasmine , Kontoh Samuel Amoabeng , Opare-Addo Priscilla Abrafi , Amenuke Divine
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and is associated with high mortality, but this has not yet been described in Ghana. We therefore record here the proportion of COVID-19 patients with AKI, and determined the corresponding mortality, in a tertiary-level hospital in Ghana.
In memoriam: Rashad Sami Barsoum
Authors: Naicker Saraladevi , Hafez Mohamed Hany , Dirks John H
Published: April 2023

Rashad Sami Barsoum, a pioneer in nephrology in Egypt and Africa, and former secretary general of the International Society of Nephrology and inaugural past president of the African Association of Nephrology, died on 25 October 2022, at the age of 81.
Enigma of acute pyelonephritis
Authors: Kogan M. I.
Published: April 2023

The article presents historical aspects of the diagnosis and treatment of acute pyelonephritis. The features of surgical approaches and management tactics for patients with acute pyelonephritis in the 70-80s in the USSR and later in Russia are revealed. The author presents his view of the problem. The author presents the research data aimed at studying the pathophysiology of acute pyelonephritis, which cardinally changed the ideas of that time about the principles of disease management. The author's contribution to the issues and organization of care for patients with acute pyelonephritis is also reflected.
Treatment of cryptorchidism in pediatric surgical practice: a multicenter study
Authors: Axelrov M. A. , Minaev S. V. , Razin M. P. , Yusupov Sh. A. , Tsap N. A. , Tarakanov V. A. , Shamsiev J. A. , Karpova I. Yu. , Smolentsev M. M. , Sergienko T. V. , Baturov M. A. , Daniyarov E. S. , Strizhenok D. S. , Grigoruk E. H. , Mikhalev O. Yu. , Komarova S. Yu. , Bykov N. I. , Barova N. K. , Trushin P. V. , Gramzin A. V. , Aslanov D. A. , Grigorova A. N.
Published: April 2023

Introduction. Cryptorchidism is a common disease in pediatric urological and andrological practice since the issues of tactical approaches and its optimal treatment remain extremely relevant. Cryptorchidism makes a significant contribution to the structure of male infertility.

Objective. To conduct a retrospective analysis of treatment results in children and adolescents with cryptorchidism.

Materials & methods. This study summarises the treatment results of 8308 patients with cryptorchidism aged from 6 months to 17 years who underwent inpatient treatment in the Russian Federation and the Republic of Uzbekistan.

Results. It was revealed that from 2015 to 2019, patients were admitted for surgical treatment evenly over the years. The ratio of right-sided / left-sided / bilateral cryptorchidism was 4.6 : 4.4 : 1 The inguinal form prevailed more than 6 times over the abdominal location. At the same time, 26.1% of the patients underwent surgery at the optimal time, and 9.8% were older than 10 years. More often, children are operated from an open inguinal access (95.0%), much less often — laparoscopically and percutaneously. Stage-by-stage treatment was carried out in 6.0% of patients.

Conclusion. Thus, the approach presented in the study in the surgical treatment of cryptorchidism provided good treatment results. The number of disease relapses was 1.9% (mainly among children over 7 years old). Most surgeons are very reserved about primary orchidectomies (only 3.8% were performed).
Urethral doubling in children and adolescents
Authors: Dutov V. V. , Romanov D. V.
Published: April 2023

Urethral doubling is a rare congenital malformation of the lower urinary tract. A little more than 200 cases of various forms of this defect have been described in the literature worldwide. We present a rare clinical case of duplication of the urethra in combination with the megaureter of the only functioning kidney. In this patient, we encountered a previously undescribed anomaly within the generally accepted classification of the kidney collecting system in combination with a true diverticulum of the bladder and a descending orthotopic ureterocele.
Tuberous sclerosis with kidneys angiomyolipomas: a family case
Authors: Keln A. A. , Semenova E. V. , Keln O. L. , Shvedskyi M. S.
Published: April 2023

Tuberous sclerosis is one of the forms of monogenic hereditary pathology related to neurocutaneous diseases (phacomatoses). Diagnostic difficulties are associated with pronounced clinical polymorphism and age-dependent onset of symptoms. The article presents current data on the prevalence and clinical manifestations of tuberous sclerosis. A clinical case of tuberous sclerosis is given in several generations of the same family.
Pathomorphism of buccal grafts used in surgery of extensive bulbar urethral strictures: immunohistochemical analysis
Authors: Mitusov V. V. , Voronova O. V. , Glukhov V. P. , Vasiliev O. N. , Amirbekov B. G. , Loskutov M. G.
Published: April 2023

Introduction. The adverse effects of urine on unadapted tissues are known. This is also entirely relevant for buccal grafts used in augmentation urethroplasty, where these effects have not been thoroughly studied so far.

Objective. To assess the ongoing pathomorphosis in buccal grafts used for urethral augmentation of extensive strictures in the bulbous region and to evaluate how much urine influences their histological transformation following surgery.

Materials & methods. The study included 15 patients with extensive strictures of the bulbous urethra, who underwent a two-stage augmentation urethroplasty with buccal grafts. The grafts pathomorphosis was studied 6 months after the first surgery stage where urethrotomy had been performed with graft augmentation of the dorsal semicircle and the formation of distal and proximal neomeatuses. Natural urination through the latter was restored on days 14 – 20 following the surgery. During the second stage, six months later, urethral tubularisation was performed with two preliminary biopsies of the proximal and distal segments of the grafts implanted in the areas of the neomeatuses formed earlier. The distal area of the graft had no contact with urine, while this contact has occurred in the proximal segment since restoration of natural urination. In biopsy specimens, pathomorphosis of the grafts was studied using immunohistochemical markers: vimentin, clone SRL33; CD34, clone QBEnd/10; MSA HHF-35; СD3, clone LN10; Bcl-2, clone bcl-2\100\D5; CK-HMW 34BE-12.

Results. It was found that inflammation was minimal in areas of grafts implanted that had no contact with urine, while in areas where such contact occurred it was verified to be pronounced even 6 months after the operation. On the submucosal level, this was manifested by an uneven arrangement of collagen fibers, a dysplastically developed vascular network, uneven proliferation of the endothelium with swelling and loss of cellular connectivity, in contrast to areas where there was no contact with urine. In such areas, the graft submucosa had a dense collagen framework with organized microvasculature and uniform epithelial surface.

Conclusion. The impact of urine on buccal grafts used in augmentation urethroplasty is characterised by the disorganisation of its collagen framework, with a pronounced inflammatory component and the “reactivity” of the epithelial lining to the “toxic agent” that persists even 6 months after surgery. This may underlie the risk of a stenosis relapse in the proximal anastomosis area.
Adaptive Content Tuning of Social Network Digital Health Interventions Using Control Systems Engineering for Precision Public Health: Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Rocha Paulo , Pinheiro Diego , de Paula Monteiro Rodrigo , Tubert Ela , Romero Erick , Bastos-Filho Carmelo , Nuno Miriam , Cadeiras Martin
Published: April 2023

Background

Social media has emerged as an effective tool to mitigate preventable and costly health issues with social network interventions (SNIs), but a precision public health approach is still lacking to improve health equity and account for population disparities.

Objective

This study aimed to (1) develop an SNI framework for precision public health using control systems engineering to improve the delivery of digital educational interventions for health behavior change and (2) validate the SNI framework to increase organ donation awareness in California, taking into account underlying population disparities.

Methods

This study developed and tested an SNI framework that uses publicly available data at the ZIP Code Tabulation Area (ZCTA) level to uncover demographic environments using clustering analysis, which is then used to guide digital health interventions using the Meta business platform. The SNI delivered 5 tailored organ donation–related educational contents through Facebook to 4 distinct demographic environments uncovered in California with and without an Adaptive Content Tuning (ACT) mechanism, a novel application of the Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) method, in a cluster randomized trial (CRT) over a 3-month period. The daily number of impressions (ie, exposure to educational content) and clicks (ie, engagement) were measured as a surrogate marker of awareness. A stratified analysis per demographic environment was conducted.

Results

Four main clusters with distinctive sociodemographic characteristics were identified for the state of California. The ACT mechanism significantly increased the overall click rate per 1000 impressions (β=.2187; P<.001), with the highest effect on cluster 1 (β=.3683; P<.001) and the lowest effect on cluster 4 (β=.0936; P=.053). Cluster 1 is mainly composed of a population that is more likely to be rural, White, and have a higher rate of Medicare beneficiaries, while cluster 4 is more likely to be urban, Hispanic, and African American, with a high employment rate without high income and a higher proportion of Medicaid beneficiaries.

Conclusions

The proposed SNI framework, with its ACT mechanism, learns and delivers, in real time, for each distinct subpopulation, the most tailored educational content and establishes a new standard for precision public health to design novel health interventions with the use of social media, automation, and machine learning in a form that is efficient and equitable.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NTC04850287; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04850287
Correction: Impact of a Postintensive Care Unit Multidisciplinary Follow-up on the Quality of Life (SUIVI-REA): Protocol for a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Friedman Diane , Grimaldi Lamiae , Cariou Alain , Aegerter Philippe , Gaudry Stéphane , Ben Salah Abdel , Oueslati Haikel , Megarbane Bruno , Meunier-Beillard Nicolas , Quenot Jean-Pierre , Schwebel Carole , Jacob Laurent , Robin Lagandré Ségloène , Kalfon Pierre , Sonneville Romain , Siami Shidasp , Mazeraud Aurelien , Sharshar Tarek
Published: April 2023

UNSTRUCTURED
Overcoming Barriers to Drug Development in Children with CKD
Authors: Khurana Mona , Egger Gunter F. , Yao Lynne , Thompson Aliza , Pallidis Chrissi , Goldstein Stuart L. , Laskin Benjamin L. , Tuchman Shamir , Malley Meaghan A. , Uhlig Katrin
Published: April 2023

Like all sick children, children with CKD need access to safe and effective medicines that have been formulated and examined specifically for them. Despite legislation in the United States and the European Union that either mandates or incentivizes programs for children, conducting trials to advance the treatment of children continues to prove to be a challenge for drug developers. This is also the case for drug development in children with CKD, where trials face challenges in recruitment and completion and where there remains a substantial time lag between initial approval of a medicinal product for use in adults and completion of studies that result in the addition of pediatric-specific labeling for the same indication. The Kidney Health Initiative commissioned a workgroup of diverse stakeholders (https://khi.asn-online.org/projects/project.aspx?ID=61), including participants from the Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency, to think carefully through the challenges in drug development for children with CKD and how to overcome them. This article provides an overview of the regulatory frameworks in the United States and the European Union that govern pediatric drug development, the current landscape of drug development and approval for children with CKD, the challenges in conduct and execution of these drug trials, and the progress that has been made to facilitate drug development for children with CKD.
Screening, characterization and molecular insights of rhamnolipid biosurfactant produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa BS1
Authors: S. Nayak Nisha , S. Joshi Dhruvi , S. Rathi Yesha
Published: April 2023

Biosurfactants are a group of heterogenous metabolites synthesized by a variety of microorganisms. They exhibit the properties of the surface tension reduction, emulsion stabilization, promote foaming, and specific activity at extreme temperatures, pH, and salinity. A bacterial strain was screened for its biosurfactant production in 250 ml MSM broth with crude oil as an inducer for 5 days. The screening activity performed by (i) drop collapse test, (ii) oil displacement test, (iii) emulsification index proved the presence of biosurfactant. TLC and FTIR analysis confirmed that the biosurfactant produced by the selected bacterial isolate is a rhamnolipid. The potential isolate was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis and it was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Caracterización de acuíferos y de sus procesos hidrogeoquímicos asociados: Caso del acuífero de Tongoy, Chile
Authors: Cortés-Pizarro Ernesto
Published: April 2023

Se desarrolló una metodología, con un enfoque integral (geológico, estadístico, hidrológico, hidroquímico, interacción suelo-agua), que a partir de la caracterización hidroquímica de cualquier acuífero permite identificar y establecer de manera consistente su relación con los tipos de suelo y los procesos hidrogeoquímicos asociados a las interacciones suelo-agua del lugar. Se aplicó dicha metodología por primera vez en el acuífero costero entre Río Elqui y Río Limarí (Región de Coquimbo, Chile), dado que no existen estudios previos de este tipo en esa zona, siendo un recurso hídrico de gran importancia para uso humano, agrícola y ganadero en el lugar. Se realizó un muestreo dinámico de las aguas de pozos distribuidos en el área de estudio midiendo in situ conductividad eléctrica, pH y temperatura, y posteriormente, en laboratorio, las concentraciones de iones mayores son determinadas mediante técnicas ICP-MS (EPA 200.8), Cromatografía iónica (EPA 300.1) y Volumetría (APHA/AWWA/WEF, 2012). El análisis estadístico por conglomerado y de componentes principales evidencia la relación de la composición química de dichas aguas con cuatro tipos de suelo (depósitos eólicos, depósitos aluviales, secuencias marinas transgresivas, rocas intrusivas) donde se ubican los pozos. La mayoría de las aguas muestreadas en el sector de estudio se clasifican como mixtas hacia el interior del continente (cloruradas- bicarbonatadas-sulfatadas, sódicas-magnésicas-cálcicas). Solamente en el borde costero se observan iones dominantes (cloruro, sodio). Se observa que la presencia de los iones mayores está determinada en primer lugar por procesos catiónicos en ambiente marino y lixiviación de carbonatos, los cuales están asociados a meteorización, intrusión marina, lixiviación e intercambio catiónico reverso. En segundo lugar, los iones mayores se originan por procesos de lixiviación de carbonatos en ambientes no marinos, asociados a meteorización y lixiviación principalmente en sectores alejados de la cuña salina y/o de transgresiones marinas. La sobresaturación de sales (aragonita, calcita, dolomita) y el comportamiento de la conductividad eléctrica también se co-relacionan con los tipos de suelo en función de los componentes principales (CP1, CP2). El proceso ambiental más importante identificado, que da cuenta del comportamiento de la conductividad eléctrica en el acuífero, corresponde a los procesos catiónicos en ambiente marino (CP1). La cercanía al borde costero y la distribución espacial de las transgresiones marinas son los factores que más inciden en una mayor concentración de los iones mayores y en los procesos de interacción suelo-agua. El análisis integral permite describir y explicar las características hidroquímicas espaciales del acuífero, y cómo sus principales iones y procesos de interacción suelo-agua identificados son consistentes con los tipos de suelo donde se ubican los pozos.
Control estructural de mineralizaciones por dilatancias debido a expansividad térmica diferencial (en depósitos diseminados) y flexiones de fallas (en venas): revisión e hipótesis de trabajo
Authors: Rossello Eduardo Antonio , López-Isaza Julián Andrés
Published: April 2023

La generación de espacios dilatantes en las rocas hospedantes es fundamental para facilitar la circulación y acumulación de fluidos mineralizantes con potencial económico. En depósitos diseminados, los cambios volumétricos y morfológicos en rocas con cuarzo y feldespato, debido a sus coeficientes de dilatación (contracción) térmica diferencial relativa, determinan dilatancia haciéndolos porosos y permeables a los fluidos. Las constantes de dilatación térmica contrastantes para el cuarzo y el feldespato en procesos termocrecientes y termodecrecientes se revisan mediante el modelado volumétrico del efecto de una variación significativa de la transición de cuarzo α−β alrededor de 575 °C. Este fenómeno podría variar desde 0.4 % para un granitoide con bajo contenido de cuarzo hasta 1.2 % durante el enfriamiento de un boxwork porfírico típico. En el caso de cuerpos vetiformes, el fallamiento produce dilatación por flexión transtensiva con aumento de su influencia cuando muestran formas irregulares, escalonadas o flexuradas. De acuerdo con la Ley de Anderson, las porciones de estas fallas serán dilatantes cuando el ángulo con el esfuerzo principal compresivo subparalelo (γ = ángulo entre σ1 y la superficie de falla) es pequeño. El conocimiento morfoestructural y cinemático de los mecanismos generadores de dilatancia controlante de las mineralizaciones constituye una valiosa y práctica metodología de trabajo, que contribuye al pronóstico de localización de los mejores sectores de mineralización en volumen y calidad durante las actividades de prospección y exploración. Ambos mecanismos físicos que generan la dilatancia en las rocas huésped son factores de suma importancia en la definición económica de las mineralizaciones que las ocupan.
Pelagic copepod diversity (Crustacea: Copepoda) in the southern Caribbean: evidence of a pending assignment
Authors: Scott-Frías Joxmer , Cervigón Fernando , Zoppi de Roa Evelyn , Suárez-Morales Eduardo
Published: April 2023

The Southern Caribbean (SCA) represents the most productive ecoregion of the Tropical Northwestern Atlantic (TNWA) province. In order to assess the diversity of pelagic copepods in the ecoregion, we present an inventory based on unpublished data obtained from several oceanographic cruises made in oceanic and neritic waters of Venezuela (1967-1968). We complement this information with previous regional surveys to obtain a revised systematic checklist of the pelagic copepod species in the SCA. We included in our list a total of 346 species and 2 subspecies; up to 11 species represent new records. This study allowed us to: 1) expand the distributional range of some species within the TNWA, 2) record the occurrence, in the SCA, of all species known to 12 of 42 families to occur in the TNWA, 3) determine that the number of species of Corycaeidae and Paracalanidae in the SCA is greater than previously documented for the TNWA. Overall, the species accumulation curve resulting from our data analysis allowed us to determine that the diversity of pelagic copepods is underestimated; our estimations suggest that the potential species number that can be recorded in the SCA is 12 to 48% above the figure herein established.
Concentración de oligoelementos metálicos (cobre y zinc) en músculo e hígado del cazón picudo del Atlántico (Rhizoprionodon terraenovae), capturado en el litoral de Campeche, México
Authors: Baños-Baños Joana J. , Bojórquez-Sánchez Carolina , Bergés-Tiznado Magdalena E. , Páez-Osuna Federico , Torres-Rojas Yassir E.
Published: April 2023

El objetivo del estudio fue analizar las concentraciones de zinc y cobre en músculo (n = 14) e hígado (n = 72) de Rhizoprionodon terraenovae, especie de tiburón de mayor captura y consumo en el litoral de Campeche, México. De acuerdo con la longitud total (LT), los organismos analizados fueron adultos (LT = 89.8 ± 13.7 cm), quienes presentaron las mayores concentraciones (mg/kg de peso húmedo) de oligoelementos en hígado: zinc (16.23 ± 8.45) > cobre (2.32 ± 0.84); mientras que en músculo: zinc (6.48 ± 2.89) > cobre (0.39 ± 0.14). No se encontraron diferencias significativas en las concentraciones de oligoelementos por tejido entre sexos, ni una correlación significativa con la LT de los organismos. Ambos metales se correlacionaron positivamente en cada tejido. Se registró una biodisminución de 0.22 mg/kg en cobre y 9.58 mg/kg en zinc en el hígado del año 2015 al 2019, probablemente por incremento de metalotioneínas. Las concentraciones de ambos oligoelementos en músculo estuvieron por debajo de los límites máximos establecidos por normas internacionales. En conclusión, los niveles de zinc y cobre, actualmente, no implican riesgos para la salud de R. terraenovae (hígado), ni para la de la sociedad en caso de consumo (músculo).
Imagify: Reconstruction of High- Resolution Images from Degraded Images
Authors: Lopes Chris , Patel Pavan , Hirwe Rutwek , Sonawane Piyush , Pathan Apashabi
Published: April 2023

Abstract: Image Denoising simply uses photos with noise and the U-Net architecture. In this study, we demonstrate that the unet design, which is based on convolutional and deconvolutional neural networks or transpose convolutional neural networks, is quite effective at reducing image noise. The assignment falls under abroad category of problems on distribution of posterior probabilities P(theta | X) represents the probability of theparameter theta given the evidence X. These techniques yield great results, but their practical application might be problematic due to issues like the expensive forward and adjoint operators' computations and the challenging hyper parameter selection.
Heritage Identification of Monuments
Authors: Chonkar Atharva Ravindra , Giri Shubham Rajesh , Shirsat Shubham Deepak , Guntaka Ganesh Gopal Reddy , Khot Surekha
Published: April 2023

Abstract: The creation of an automated system for the identification and classification of historical sites is the aim of the Heritage Identification of Monuments project. The major objective of the initiative is to conserve and protect the diverse array of buildings and monuments that make up the rich cultural and historical legacy of the world. In this study, characteristics and representations of numerous monuments will be extracted from a large collection of images using convolutional neural networks (CNNs), one of the most sophisticated deep learning approaches. These representations will then be used to train machine learning models to recognize and classify specific monuments based on their characteristics and traits, such as architectural style, location, and historical context. As part of the initiative, a smartphone application that will let people contribute images of monuments and obtain information about their historical and cultural significance will also be created Using the created machine-learning models, the smartphone application will categorize the provided photos and provide information on the recognized monuments. The ultimate goal of the Heritage Identification of Monuments project is to aid in the protection and promotion of the world's cultural and historical heritage by developing an automated system for the identification and categorization of monuments using computer vision techniques.
Woman Safety Android Application
Authors: Kulkarni Ashwini , Kamble Akash , Kamble Ashish , Mujawar Asif , Thakur Dr. Manav A.
Published: April 2023

Abstract: In the modern’s world, it will be unsafe to travel alone for a person at night especially for women. To provide safety for women a good way to reduce the chances of becoming a victim of violent crime is to identify and call on resources to help you out unsafe situations. Having a safety app on your phone can reduce the reason for the risk situation and add assistance when we need to use it. Unlike the other applications available, which work only at the time of Emergency or Danger, this app can be used as a safety or precaution measure. So that, “Protection is better than cure”. The main purpose of this app is to provide a safe platform through Android phone as today all person is taking Smart Phones to travel here and there. The user also gets to know the current user address using GPS location tracker. The fetched information is sent to the emergency contact of the user. This paper presents women security an Android Application for the Safety of Women and this app can be activated this app by a shaking the mobile, whenever need arises.
Evaluation of Net Metering for Solar Rooftop Systems
Authors: Jadhav Aniket , Vhanmane Swati , Mohite Tushar
Published: April 2023

Abstract: A bidirectional metre that can record both import and export energy values is utilized by net metering mechanisms. Using self-produced renewable energy and selling any surplus to the grid are the main goals of net metering. There is a decrease in electricity costs as a result. In net metering, solar photovoltaic systems are heavily utilised. The cleanest, most abundant, most environmentally friendly source of renewable energy is solar energy. In the interest of deciding whether net metering is feasible in India, the notion of net metering using a solar system and data analysis are studied in this research. The study also examines the annual savings in electricity and the viability of solar rooftop photovoltaic systems from an economic perspective. This paper's study examines various solar tracking system tracking mechanisms in detail. The two main categories of solar tracking systems are single axis trackers and dual axis trackers. A single axis tracker is an area near the equator where there is little variation in the sun's precise position. Dual axis trackers are designed for locations where the sun's movement is during the day from east to west, and during the seasons from east to north or south