bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploration of Touch in Faculty of Medicine? Presentation and exploration of touch and perspective in practice
Authors: Lachance Josée , Vinit Florence , Hillion Jacques
Published: January 2018

In the medical profession, doctors are called in different ways to touch the patient: from the simple handshake to body examinations or sometimes a simple touch of the hand on a shoulder showing support and comforting. Touching does not necessarily mean being in an interpersonal contact of quality with someone. Yet reflection on touch is nearly absent from medical training. This workshop aims to promote awareness of the following: how to touch, feeling the contact with other and being touched ourselves. It is an introductory class on awareness of the elements involved in a quality touch that can confirm the other person in his/her personal integrity and dignity. Awakening the “Sensible” Being (ASB) is a formative practice geared toward care giving and support that includes manual practice. It examines how experiencing one’s own body and its movement stimulates the development of self-awareness and awareness of others, both of which are desirable qualities for healthcare professionals. Through exercises, the participants will be able to explore touch in general and with ASB protocols. We will use also time of reflexivity and of writing about the experience. The workshop will be divided as follows: 1) Introduction: Theorical perspectives and Phenomenology of touch and “being in contact”. 2) Experiential: time in class will be alternating between exploration of different types of touch, interspersed with short writing periods on the lived experience. 3) Conclusion: time to share our lived experiences, and presentation of the results from a research done on ASB (Lachance, 2016).
Having fun with role plays
Authors: Koppe Hilton
Published: January 2018

Role plays are almost universally loved by educators as a great teaching tool in the medical context, and almost universally hated by students and doctors on training programs, who cite embarrassment and humiliation as key barriers to embracing this teaching technique. “I would rather walk barefoot over hot coals than participate in a role play in front of my colleagues” is not an uncommon response to the suggestion of using role plays in teaching for doctors and medical students. But the good news is that it does not have to be this way! During this fun workshop, Dr. Hilton Koppe will present a number of role play techniques borrowed from psychodrama and adapted for use within the medical context. His use of role plays in teaching has achieved virtual legendary status as a result of the high evaluations they receive from medical students and doctors in training. Workshop attendees will be invited to participate in a number of scenarios which will be used to demonstrate a range of techniques which make the use of role plays both fun, and a highly effective teaching tool. The rationale underpinning these techniques will be outlined.
Nurturing whole person care with nature
Authors: Leach Lynn , Moore Cheryl
Published: January 2018

As part of our goal to provide Whole Person Care to our residents and families, Stedman Community Hospice is committed to integrating alternative therapies to compliment the more traditional systems of care. Our Horticultural Therapy Program was introduced in the spring of 2011 with the launch of our beautiful therapy garden.  This workshop will discuss how we have since developed a comprehensive Horticultural Therapy Program in both a hospice and long-term care setting and how this type of program can benefit residents, families and staff.  Discussion will include how to utilize community groups, volunteers and students to achieve and maintain a high standard of program. We hope to inspire other care facilities to embrace horticultural therapy as a means to enhance the level of care for everyone.
Partnering to develop resilience in health professionals and faculty through mindfulness-based education
Authors: Frolic Andrea Nadine , Principi Elaine , Taniguichi Alan , Burgess Ken , Spironello Valerie , Wong Anne
Published: January 2018

Given the pressures that exist in our health care system, health care professionals often are under significant stress to provide both quality clinical care to patients and quality teaching to their learners. We present an innovative program to develop faculty and health professional  skills in reflective practice and resilience, which strengthen participants' ability to act as effective clinicians, educators, role models, and leaders. The basis of the curriculum  rests in the neuroscience of mindfulness  and its applications. This program was enabled through a unique partnership between acute care hospitals (Hamilton Health Sciences and St Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton), Family Health Teams (McMaster Family Health Team and Hamilton Family Health Team) and the McMaster Faculty of Health Sciences Program for Faculty Development (PFD), with additional funding support in 2013 from the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long Term Care (MOH-LTC). Data from 2013 course participants (validated measurement  tools and qualitative feedback) was analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness of this initiative. This poster outlines the journey of this work and a summary of the data gathered to inform further education.
Engaging heARTS: Developing an arts-based curriculum to enhance compassion and creativity in healthcare
Authors: Frolic Andrea Nadine , Swinton Marilyn , Biccum Darla , Druery Marybeth Leis , English Megan , Molinaro Jennifer
Published: January 2018

In 2014-15 Hamilton Health Sciences (HHS), with supportive funding from the Ontario Arts Council, partnered with a local group of professional artists to develop a curriculum called Awakening Your Creative Power: a seminar series on creativity, compassion and play. In order to understand the feasibility and impact of this arts-based curriculum for healthcare personnel working within a hospital, HHS undertook a comprehensive program evaluation. Input from participants who attended the course was obtained in three ways: (1) weekly evaluation forms at the end of each session (2) a final evaluation that asked questions about the overall seminar series, and (3) a focus group discussion held 2 weeks after the seminar series ended. This paper reports on the outcomes of the evaluation and the evolution of the curriculum over the past 3 years, including its impacts on both participants and the arts partners. The evaluation data demonstrate that the course was successful in meeting its stated objectives which include: enhancing interpersonal skills, fostering self-reflection, deepening compassion, cultivating resilience, recognizing creative potential, applying intention and coping with daily stresses through the power of play. In addition, the course also: increased self-awareness, fostered a sense of community, emphasized the value of creativity for its own sake, empowered participants, provided participants with a sense of accomplishment and made participants feel valued by the institution. The paper concludes with some reflections on the potential of engaging arts professionals in health professional education.
Envisioning a McGill University lifelong learning and living (L4) community
Authors: Rigby Ruth Allan , Chan Marlene , Colosimo April L.
Published: January 2018

Lifelong learning and cognitive resilience are integral to a changing 21st century education paradigm for learners of all ages, as they are for health and well being of the individual student and wider community. Neuroscience in particular is continually making inroads on the impact that learning has on the brain and the interrelationships between body and mind that help to maintain physical and intellectual capacity over a lifetime. There is a long-standing community dedicated to sustainable lifelong learning on campus, the McGill Community for Lifelong Learning (MCLL). There are also worldwide efforts underway to promote lifelong learning in the context of age friendly cities under the auspices of UNESCO and the World Health Organization. Moreover, the international network of Age Friendly Universities, Lifelong Learning Institutes and over 200 University Based Retirement Communities (UBRCs) in the USA offer resources, guidelines, operating principles and research for building unique and innovative local responses to the changing demographics, increased cultural diversity and technological changes in education futures for learners in a given community. The poster will highlight national and international research initiatives and networks to enhance well-being and mental health through lifelong learning.Different L4 community options will be explored, building on MCLL’s peer learning experience over the past 27 years. It will reflect opportunities for interdisciplinary collaboration with university and wider Montreal community stakeholders, including health care professionals, caregivers, and educators.The poster will demonstrate that a lifelong learning approach to whole person care has the potential to be transformative.
The self-care education for healthcare professional students using mindfulness
Authors: Takamiya Yusuke , Tsuchiya Shizuma
Published: January 2018

Background Recent studies has consistently shown medical students experience high rate psychological symptoms. Under this circumstance teaching mindfulness is a possible option. However, there are few consistent educational courses in medical schools in Japan.Method Showa University (Tokyo, Japan) launched an intensive self-care program based on mindfulness for 600 first-year healthcare professional students in 2015 (120 medicine, 110 dentistry, 210 pharmacist, 100 nursing, 60 PT and OT). The target achievements of this program were as follows:Understand the needs of self-care, Enhance self-awareness, Evaluate evidence of mindfulness for mental diseases, Practice formal/informal mindfulness-based activities. This program consisted of a 90-minutes lecture, and consecutive reflective activities completing personal journals and portfolio follow the lectures. The students are required to plan how to make use of what they learned in this course. The students were asked to complete a questionnaire after the course.Results The questionnaire indicated that 98% of the students were satisfied with the course materials. In particular, some participants stated that regular mindfulness-based practices such as meditation, breathing method, and even informal mindfulness activities in daily life reduced test anxiety, mood- dependent behavior, and absence of flexibility. Descriptions from the e-portfolio showed that the participants understood the importance of body-mind relationship and evitable stressors around them.ConclusionTeaching mindfulness could encourage healthcare students to understand the necessity of self-care at early stages of their professional training. The results would help to develop our next stage of this self-care program based on mindfulness, 12 weekly 1.5-hours session.
Person-Centered Care: Perspectives of free dental clinic users in Montréal, Canada
Authors: Noushi Nioushah , Bedos Christophe , Apelian Nareg , Vergnes Jean-Noel , Rodriguez Charo
Published: January 2018

There has been a relatively slow incorporation of person-centered care into dental care. Despite the efforts to sustain this approach in dental health care delivery, the perspectives of patients have yet to be considered, especially those using free dental clinics. Our objectives were: (1) to describe the perspectives of adults unable to access private dental clinics when using free dental clinics, (2) to document their suggestions for improvements to dental care. This qualitative descriptive study included 13 adults using a free dental clinic. To select participants, we adopted a maximum variation sampling strategy regarding age, sex, marital status, education level and employment status. We used in-depth, semi-structured interviews to collect data and thematic content analysis to analyze the verbatim transcripts. Participants were generally satisfied with the dental care they received in private and free dental clinics. However, they did not appreciate the long wait times at free clinics, and were bothered by the cost at private clinics. They emphasized a desire for quality time with the dentist allowing for more informed and shared decisions about their care, regardless of the clinic they visited. Participants want to feel cared for through a trustworthy relationship with the clinician, and suggested incorporating a walk-in concept into free clinics to address access to care. Adults using free dental clinics have various experiences with private and public dentistry, but they all need clinicians who adopt a comprehensive approach when providing information. This could improve patients’experiences through a more person-centered approach to dental care.
Conversations that count: Advance Care Planning as preventative medicine
Authors: Grundy Kate , Goodwin Jane , McLardy Elaine
Published: January 2018

Background: Fundamental to the concept of Advance Care Planning (ACP) is empowering individuals and communities to recognise death as an inevitable part of life.Methods: ACP facilitators and clinical champions in the Canterbury region of New Zealand have been very active in engaging the community. This has occurred through consumer presentations, the creation of specific pages on the Canterbury District Health Board (CDHB) consumer information website (HealthInfo) and support of the National ACP awareness campaign ‘Conversations that Count’.Results: ‘Consumer power’ has been invaluable in driving the uptake of ACP in the CDHB. A survey of 49 GPs in 2015 found many were reluctant to start ACP conversations or felt they ‘did not have time’. The turning point was the realisation that patients are not only wanting but are actively asking to have these important conversations and to create Advance Care Plans (ACPlans). 1200 electronic ACPlans have now now been created in Canterbury, with 80% generated in primary care.The ACP pages on HealthInfo are consistently in the top 20 pages viewed each month which indicates that the community is seeking information and wanting to take control. Uptake and demand for consumer presentations and ‘Conversations that Count’ resources also continues to grow year on year.Discussion: Increased awareness and understanding of ACP gives people the opportunity to think and frame their reasoning, so they are better prepared to have well informed discussions with health care professionals. It helps them be clearer in their mind about their own limits and concerns. It is important for people to consider the question - “what is O.K for me and what isn’t?”. In this context, ACP conversations can be seen as preventative medicine.Patients need to be as well equipped as possible to be active participants in healthcare decisions, especially regarding end of life. Through the ACP process, unnecessary suffering, confusion and conflict can be reduced or prevented and unwanted or  burdensome treatment that is not in line with their goals and priorities can be averted.Conclusion: Valuing and honouring a person’s participation in their health care decision-making is important for all healthcare organisations. Prioritising ACP is an effective way of making this happen.
A patient expectation and satisfaction survey with regards to exercise prescription from their osteopathic manual practitioner
Authors: Miller Angela
Published: January 2018

Background: Patient satisfaction is virtually synonymous with health status. There exists little empirical data which examine osteopathic patient expectation and satisfaction with respects to self-care and home exercise interventions. Objective: To examine patient expectation and satisfaction in Ontario with regards to receiving exercise prescription from their Osteopathic Manual Practitioner (OMP) for management and prevention of their chief complaint. Design: A cross-sectional patient expectation and satisfaction survey. Methods: 75 surveys were delivered to 10 osteopathic clinics in the Greater Toronto Area. 45 of those surveys were completed and returned. Microsoft Excel 2010 was used to analyze the descriptive data and GraphPad Prism 6 was used for inferential analysis. Content analysis was used for all free text responses. Results: A high majority of osteopathic patients are satisfied with their treatments (97.8%). The Fisher’s Exact test revealed no significant difference in satisfaction between patients who expected exercise and received it and those who expected exercise but did not receive it (p= 0.14). A significant minority (43.2%) would like to be provided with more home care exercise advice. Other areas of improvement are: follow-up, referral base,take- home tools, and in-office exercise equipment. Conclusions: This study examined patient expectation and satisfaction in Ontario with regards to receiving exercise prescription from their OMP. The results showed that, overall, patients are satisfied with their osteopathic treatments. Patients expected exercise advice from their OMP, and generally, received it. As satisfaction and health outcome are synergistic however, there are several areas in need of improvement.
Descola’s Model Of Religion and Nature Examined
Authors: Mtata Kupakwashe
Published: January 2018

Philippe Descola suggested a scheme to enumerate dispositions to nature in such a way as to take into account non-Western practices that tend to be overshadowed by the dominance of naturalism. He also deployed this scheme to account for other religious types in the world, which in the same manner tend to be obscured by Western Christianity. This article examines Descola’s ontological scheme in the light of the case of the Mwali cult in the Matobo Hills World Heritage Site in Zimbabwe. Data gathered through a protracted period of participant observation and interviews in Matobo Hills shows that instead of the fourfold scheme Descola proposes, his reference to incarnation and figuration is a more promising avenue in an attempt to account for religious forms and the various ways humans relate to their environments.
“They Have Stolen Our Land”
Authors: Regassa Debelo Asebe , Klute Georg , Detona Mohammed
Published: January 2018

This paper takes enclosure and commodification processes of “nature” one step beyond a political economy perspective conceptualising them from ontological notions of nature-culture relations. Taking the case of enclosure for large-scale commercial agriculture schemes and a game reserve in northeastern Ethiopia, the paper argues that enclosure and nature commodification are part of neoliberal environmental governance that has been built on the notion of subduing nature and subaltern groups into the power of capitalism. More specifically, while the economic and political dimensions of these processes are salient, the ontological notions of the natureculture dualism has been invoked by states in their justification of expropriating pastoralist lands, thus nullifying indigenous people’s claim to ancestral homelands. The data for this paper was collected from 2013 to 2016 through ethnographic fieldwork, mainly conducted by the authors. The findings show oscillating perceptions of humane-environment relations among the Afar pastoralists: from human-environment, conjointly constituted by humans and non-humans, to the utilitarian dualist approach of environmental use which is mainly caused by the infiltration of capitalist economy and state driven development and conservation projects.
Analisis Gerakan Lompat Jauh Pada Mahasiswa UPGRIS
Authors: Hidayat Rahmat
Published: January 2018

Lompat jauh adalah salah satu nomor perlombaan di cabang olahraga atletik. Kemampuan lompatan dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor salah satunya yaitu langkah kaki ketika melakukan take off. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya analisis gerakan lompat jauh untuk mengetahui kelemahan dan kekurangan ketika melakukan lompatan. Analisis ini kiranya dapat memberikan pengetahuan ketika melakukan langkah kaki pada saat take off. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jarak pemendekkan langkah ketika sebelum melakukan take off. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 10 orang mahasiswa UPGRIS. Proses pengambilan data dilakukan sebanyak satu kali dengan dua kali kesempatan. Data hasil penelitian yang dianalisis dengan menggunakan program software Dartfish. Dari data yang didapat menunjukkan bahwa pemendekan langkah sebelum melakukan take off merupakan salah satu faktor penyebab kurang maksimalnya hasil lompatan mahasiswa UPGRIS. Selain itu faktor kecepatan sangat mempengaruhi hasil akhir. Dari hasil analisis ini menunjukkan bahwa pemendekkan langkah sebelum take off dapat menyebabkan deselerasi kecepatan sehingga mengurangi daya dorong tubuh kedepan. Kata Kunci : Lompat Jauh
The digital economy as the future of our lives
Authors: Левчаев Петр , Levchaev Petr
Published: January 2018

The purpose of this article is to study the key drivers, factors of formation and peculiarities of functioning of the digital economy and virtual environment of human life. Tasks of the article: to examine the preconditions of formation and features of the origin and development of the digital economy; to formulate the basic provisions and specifics of functioning of the digital economy; to outline the development of the digital economy, as well as relevant opportunities and threats for the major participants. Subject of research are the processes of computerization daily life and business activities of a person in modern socio-economic conditions. The object of study are the new computer (and allied) technologies and business-processes in the formation of the single information society. The article examines the controversial issues of the digital economy: problems and prospects of its formation and evolution, threats to consumers of digital services. Pays attention to the current state of digital technologies, economic principles and conditions of formation and peculiarities, the characteristics of the digital services economy, its possibilities, and also made projections of the development process of virtual society.
Study of Delirium on Psychiatric Referrals at Helping Hands Community Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Bhattarai Praveen , Joshi Devavrat
Published: January 2018

Background and Objectives: Delirium is one of the most important neuro-psychiatric disorders in Consultation liaison psychiatry. There is a dearth of studies in this subject in Nepalese context. The objective of this study was to find out the demographic profile, source of referral, reason for referral and possible risk factors for delirium and association between risk factors and subtypes of delirium.Material and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in a tertiary care center over a period of six months. Delirium was diagnosed by psychiatrist based on International Classification of Disease, 10th revision, Diagnostic Criteria for Research (ICD-10 DCR) and was classified into subtypes using the Liptzin and Levkoff criteria. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 16 and chi- square test was applied to find the association between risk factors and subtypes of delirium.Results: A total of 52 cases of delirium were included in the study. Majority of cases were aged 65 years and above with male preponderance. The most common cause for referral was disturbed behavior and disorientation. Hyperactive delirium was the most common subtype of delirium. Most of the referred cases of delirium were from Medical ward and Intensive Care Unit/Critical Care Unit (ICU/CCU). Infection / Inflammation, Drug/alcohol intoxication or withdrawal and those with multiple etiologies were the most common possible causes of delirium. There was no significant difference in terms of associated risk factors between the clinical subtype (p = 0.8023).Conclusion: The presence of delirium warrants prompt intervention to identify and treat the underlying causes and consultation liaison psychiatric services should be enhanced to achieve this goal.Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Sciences (2017) Vol. 5(2): 19-26
A nemzetközi felnőttoktatási politika változása és az UNESCO
Authors: Loboda Zoltán
Published: January 2018

A tanulmány aktualitását az adja, hogy 2015-ben az UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organistion) közgyűlése a nemzetközi közösség felnőttoktatás-politikájára vonatkozóan új ajánlást fogadott el, amellyel egyben hatályon kívül helyezte a 39 évvel korábban elfogadott, és a nemzetközi felnőttoktatás-politikában sokáig meghatározónak számító ajánlását . Az új ajánlás nemcsak egy globális szakpolitikai reflexió az eltelt időszak politikai-ideológiai, társadalmi, gazdasági változásaira, hanem egyfajta szintézise is az UNESCO humanisztikus hagyományának és az OECD s az Európai Unió felnőttoktatás-politikájának. A tanulmány célja, hogy áttekintse, hogyan változott az elmúlt 40 évben a felnőttoktatás-politika célja, fogalmi és szakpolitikai keretrendszere, s hogyan ébredt az UNESCO a 2010-es évek közepére egy hosszú „csipkerózsika-álomból” s definiálta újra globális felnőttoktatás-politikáját.***Adoption of the new UNESCO Recommendation on adult education, and repailing the nearly forty years old recommendation, which provided reference points for international edult education policies and discourses, gave a momuntum for the analysis. The new recommendation is not only a global reflection on the political, ideological and econmical, social changes occured during this period but a sort of synthesis of the humanistic traditions of the UNESCO and the adult education (learning) policies of the OECD and the European Union. The aim of the study is to review how the concepts, policy frameworks and objectives of the international adult education policies changed in the past forty years and how the UNESCO awoke from its ’dream of Sleeping Beauty’ in the years of mid 2010’s and re-defined its new global adult education policy.
The financial burden and distress of patients with cancer: Understanding and stepping‐up action on the financial toxicity of cancer treatment
Authors: Carrera Pricivel M. , Kantarjian Hagop M. , Blinder Victoria S.
Published: January 2018

“Financial toxicity” has now become a familiar term used in the discussion of cancer drugs, and it is gaining traction in the literature given the high price of newer classes of therapies. However, as a phenomenon in the contemporary treatment and care of people with cancer, financial toxicity is not fully understood, with the discussion on mitigation mainly geared toward interventions at the health system level. Although important, health policy prescriptions take time before their intended results manifest, if they are implemented at all. They require corresponding strategies at the individual patient level. In this review, the authors discuss the nature of financial toxicity, defined as the objective financial burden and subjective financial distress of patients with cancer, as a result of treatments using innovative drugs and concomitant health services. They discuss coping with financial toxicity by patients and how maladaptive coping leads to poor health and nonhealth outcomes. They cover management strategies for oncologists, including having the difficult and urgent conversation about the cost and value of cancer treatment, availability of and access to resources, and assessment of financial toxicity as part of supportive care in the provision of comprehensive cancer care. CA Cancer J Clin 2018;68:153‐165. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
Population and patient factors affecting emergency department attendance in London: retrospective cohort analysis of linked primary and secondary care records
Authors: Hull Sally A , Homer Kate , Boomla Kambiz , Robson John , Ashworth Mark
Published: January 2018

Background

Population factors, including social deprivation and morbidity, predict the use of emergency departments (EDs).

Aim

To link patient-level primary and secondary care data to determine whether the association between deprivation and ED attendance is explained by multimorbidity and other clinical factors in the GP record.

Design and setting

Retrospective cohort study based in East London.

Method

Primary care demographic, consultation, diagnostic, and clinical data were linked with ED attendance data. GP Patient Survey (GPPS) access questions were linked to practices.

Results

Adjusted multilevel analysis for adults showed a progressive rise in ED attendance with increasing numbers of long-term conditions (LTCs). Comparing two LTCs with no conditions, the odds ratio (OR) is 1.28 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.25 to 1.31); comparing four or more conditions with no conditions, the OR is 2.55 (95% CI = 2.44 to 2.66). Increasing annual GP consultations predicted ED attendance: comparing zero with more than two consultations, the OR is 2.44 (95% CI = 2.40 to 2.48). Smoking (OR 1.30, 95% CI = 1.28 to 1.32), being housebound (OR 2.01, 95% CI = 1.86 to 2.18), and age also predicted attendance. Patient-reported access scores from the GPPS were not a significant predictor. For children, younger age, male sex, white ethnicity, and higher GP consultation rates predicted attendance.

Conclusion

Using patient-level data rather than practice-level data, the authors demonstrate that the burden of multimorbidity is the strongest clinical predictor of ED attendance, which is independently associated with social deprivation. Low use of the GP surgery is associated with low attendance at ED. Unlike other studies, the authors found that adult patient experience of GP access, reported at practice level, did not predict use.
Prevalence of primary aldosteronism in primary care: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Käyser Sabine C , Deinum Jaap , de Grauw Wim JC , Schalk Bianca WM , Bor Hans JHJ , Lenders Jacques WM , Schermer Tjard R , Biermans Marion CJ
Published: January 2018

Background

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most frequent cause of secondary hypertension. Reported prevalences of PA vary considerably because of a large heterogeneity in study methodology.

Aim

To examine the proportion of patients with PA among patients with newly diagnosed, never treated hypertension.

Design and setting

A cross-sectional study set in primary care.

Method

GPs measured aldosterone and renin in adult patients with newly diagnosed, never treated hypertension. Patients with elevated aldosterone-to-renin ratio and increased plasma aldosterone concentration underwent a saline infusion test to confirm or exclude PA. The source population was meticulously assessed to detect possible selection bias.

Results

Of 3748 patients with newly diagnosed hypertension, 343 patients were screened for PA. In nine out of 74 patients with an elevated aldosterone-to-renin ratio and increased plasma aldosterone concentration the diagnosis of PA was confirmed by a saline infusion test, resulting in a prevalence of 2.6% (95% confidence interval = 1.4 to 4.9). All patients with PA were normokalaemic and 8 out of 9 patients had sustained blood pressure >150/100 mmHg. Screened patients were younger (P<0.001) or showed higher blood pressure (P<0.001) than non-screened patients.

Conclusion

In this study a prevalence of PA of 2.6% in a primary care setting was established, which is lower than estimates reported from other primary care studies so far. This study supports the screening strategy as recommended by the Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. The low proportion of screened patients (9.2%), of the large cohort of eligible patients, reflects the difficulty of conducting prevalence studies in primary care clinical practice.
Langue, langage, parole
Authors: La Robertie Janine de
Published: January 2018

Au printemps dernier, le Groupe de Recherche et d'Action pour l'Enfance -le GRAPE -avait organisé des journées d'étude sur le thème Petite enfance et immigration en lien avec la notion d' inter culturel.

A ces journées qui ont connu un réel succès ont participé des chercheurs, des sociologues, des médecins, des éducateurs . Parmi les conférences les plus originales, nous avons retenu celle de Mme Janine de la Robertie, psychanalyste, intitulée Langue, langage, parole mais qu'on aurait tout aussi bien pu titrer Comme si un petit enfant n'était pas toujours un étranger...

Nous remercions le GRAPE et Françoise Groud-Dahmane, sans oublier la conférencière, de nous avoir autorisés à reproduire ce texte. Il est extrait des Actes des journées d'étude que l'on peut se procurer au GRAPE, 23, rue Notre-Dame de Lorette 75009 PARIS, au prix de 90 F.
Vieillir en maison de retraite
Authors: van Deth Roselyne
Published: January 2018

Les Maghrébins âgés , placés en institution après soixante-cinq ans , cumulent plusieurs déracinements et un triple isolement.

Expatriés en France , puis exilés en maison de retraite, ils sont privés du rôle primordial traditionnellement dévolu aux personnes âgées dans leur culture d'origine. Enfin , ils sont marginalisés au sein de l'institution , où on ne comprend pas leurs problèmes spécifiques et même parfois leur langue.

Roselyne van Deth, assistante sociale à la Maison de retraite de Nanterre, analyse pour nous la situation sociale des Maghrébins à leur arrivée et compare les conditions de séjour à Nanterre des retraités français et maghrébins.

Reste que vieillir en France, lorsqu'on est d'origine étrangère, recouvre bien des réalités et le placement en institution n'est qu'un des aspects de ce phénomène nouveau, que les pouvoirs publics vont devoir prendre à bras le corps dans les années qui viennent. Seuls 2,5 % des immigrés finissent leurs jours en maison de retraite ; le témoignage de Roselyne van Deth est donc à replacer dans le contexte général du vieillissement des populations étrangères.
Démographie européenne : l'effacement des différences
Authors: Tabah Léon
Published: January 2018

La baisse généralisée de la fécondité et de la mortalité en Europe va provoquer autour de 2025 un vieillissement spectaculaire des populations. Il en résultera un accroissement considérable des dépenses de santé et des difficultés grandissantes pour alimenter les caisses de retraite. Face à ce défi économique et social, quel rôle peuvent jouer les populations immigrées dans le développement démographique et par conséquent économique de l'Europe ? Léon Tabah dresse ici un bilan tout en nuances sur les politiques migratoires des pays européens ; il trace quelques perspectives d'avenir et apporte des éléments au débat actuel sur la citoyenneté dans l'Europe de 1993.
Les rapports de la police et de la gendarmerie avec les mineurs délinquants
Authors: Bailleau Francis , Garioud Georges
Published: January 2018

Deux sociologues étudient les rapports entre la police et la gendarmerie, d'une part , une population de mineurs délinquants engagés dans un processus judiciaire pénal, d'autre part. Plus précisément, ils cherchent à vérifier si les jeunes d'origine étrangère sont traités différemment des autres jeunes.
Montfermeil, la ville dont le prince n'est pas un enfant. Un entretien avec Michelle Gazal
Authors: Seksig Alain , Mahfoudi Hafid , Gazal Michelle
Published: January 2018

Une "affaire" peut en cacher une autre... A l'automne 1989, après des années de guérilla avec le ministère de l'Education nationale et les enseignants de la cité des Bosquets, le maire de Montfermeil décide de mettre hors service public les écoles maternelles qui accueillent contre sa volonté les enfants issus de l'immigration nouvellement installés sur le territoire de sa commune. Une affaire d'exclusion, cette fois-ci au vrai sens du terme.

Michelle Gazal, institutrice à Montfermeil, décrit la situation dans laquelle se trouvent désormais les enseignants, et surtout les enfants, de Montfermeil. Elle relate également comment dans le passé elle a eu à faire face dans sa classe à des fillettes voilées.

En encadré, Gérard Chauveau, chercheur à l'Institut national de recherche pédagogique (INRP), qui a longtemps travaillé dans la Zone d'éducation prioritaire (ZEP) des Bosquets, rappelle l'obligation pour tous de respecter la règle du jeu de l'école laïque.
La règle du jeu
Authors: Pierrot Alain
Published: January 2018

L'école doit-elle s'interdire le domaine religieux ? Entre la transmission autoritaire d'une "culture laïque" intangible et la prétention des religions à prescrire ce qui peut être enseigné ou non, il y a place pour une éducation présentant les réalités naturelles et humaines de telle façon que chacun soit préparé à une autonomie de jugement. Les valeurs laïques sont destinées à apprendre aux élèves le respect des convictions d'autrui, à substituer la communication aux caricatures réciproques ; ces valeurs s'appellent connaissance, esprit critique, réflexion personnelle.
Différences culturelles et laïcité
Authors: Camilleri Carmel
Published: January 2018

La prise en considération, dans l'école, de l'identité et des différences culturelles a provoqué une réaction d'inquiétude chez certains, qui y ont vu une atteinte aux valeurs universelles que l'institution est censée transmettre.

Tout en étant un partisan convaincu de l'interculturel, c'est-à-dire de formations où les relations entre individus sont méthodiquement organisées, Carmel Camilleri pense que l'irruption sauvage des différences communautaires reste lourde de menaces, tant qu'on en reste à la forme actuelle de la laïcité.

Si une nouvelle laïcité, ouverte aux différences est souhaitable, il faut cependant au préalable intégrer dans la formation des maîtres une initiation à la "pédagogie interculturelle".
Sous le foulard la laïcité
Authors: Barbara Augustin
Published: January 2018

L'islam de rite malékite, pratiqué majoritairement par les Maghrébins, s'accommode depuis des siècles des contextes les plus divers pour ses pratiques. C'est avec cet islam-là que la société française doit pouvoir dialoguer, si on veut contenir les extrémismes qui de part et d'autre exploitent les tensions xénophobes à leur profit
Vers un Islam français
Authors: Roux Michel
Published: January 2018

D'une part l'islam ne connaît pas la laïcité comme principe juridique de séparation entre l'Etat et la religion et d'autre part le mode d'intégration communautaire — tel qu'il existe par exemple aux USA — heurte de front la tradition assimilationniste française. Est-ce à dire qu'il n'y a pas de place pour une représentation sécularisée des musulmans de France ?

Michel Roux donne ici son point de vue ponctuel sur "l'affaire des foulards" avant de nous livrer les bonnes feuilles d'un livre à paraître, intitulé : La citoyenneté dans tous ses états.
Togolais, Breton et maire. Un entretien avec Kofi Yamgnane
Authors: Yamgnane Kofi , Dewitte Philippe
Published: January 2018

Lors des dernières élections de mars 1989 , Saint-Coulitz, un petit village breton de 354 habitants , s'est honoré en portant à la mairie , pour la première fois en France, un «immigré de la première génération ». Kofi Yamgnane, d'origine togolaise, né il y a quarante-trois ans en pays Bassar (Nord-Togo), ancien élève des pères missionnaires, est ingénieur des mines. Marié à une Française originaire du Finistère-Sud, Kofi Yamgnane s'est installé en Bretagne à l'âge de vingt-quatre ans. Naturalisé français, il vit à Saint-Coulitz depuis seize ans.

«L'événement » a frappé l'imagination de la presse, toutes les télévisions se sont bousculées dans le village breton le soir même de l'élection. Le Télégramme de Brest, L'Express, L'Evénement du jeudi, VSD, mais aussi le quotidien algérien El Moujahid et l'hebdomadaire américain Times ont fait leurs choux gras de ce que certains ont pris pour un Ciochemerie d'un genre nouveau. Malheureusement, beaucoup n'ont pas su éviter le pittoresque, le folklorique, l'anecdotique.

Maintenant que l'actualité est retombée, après plusieurs mois passés à la mairie, nous avons demandé à Kofi Yamgnane ce qu'il pensait de la «France plurielle» ; comment lui-même analysait son élection ; quel rôle il pensait jouer à l'avenir, tant en Bretagne que dans le domaine de la coopération franco-africaine.
Le mouvement associatif négro-africain en France
Authors: Diop Moustapha
Published: January 2018

Depuis les regroupements nationaux, fondés dans les années soixante et souvent proches des gouvernements des pays d'origine, jusqu'aux petites associations villageoises de ces dernières années, en passant par les fédérations transnationales, les organisations de défense des travailleurs ou de solidarité des résidents de foyer, Moustapha Diop dresse un panorama historique du mouvement associatif négro-africain.
Vivre à deux cultures : les unions mixtes franco-maghrébines
Authors: Déjeux Jean
Published: January 2018

Vivre à deux cultures, c'est d'abord reconnaître l'existence, au sein de sa propre famille, d'une histoire double, potentiellement porteuse de conflits.

Les sociétés devraient observer comment certains foyers mixtes ont transcendé leurs différences en les intégrant dans un langage nouveau, dans des manières d'être nouvelles à trouver et à inventer pour un monde qui se met en place.
Les jeunes originaires des DOM-TOM et le service national. Extraits du rapport d'Alex Mucchielli et Rémi Lemaître
Authors: Mucchielli Alex , Lemaître Rémi
Published: January 2018

Commandée par le ministère de la Défense en 1985, cette étude concerne notamment les Jeunes des DOM-TOM, ceux de faible niveau général et les jeunes Français d'origine algérienne. Menée de 1986 à 1989, elle s'appuie sur des entretiens avec des jeunes avant le service, des cadres et des jeunes pendant le service, des «experts» ainsi que sur une analyse des fichiers des Bureaux du service national (BSN). Nous en avons sélectionné les extraits concernant les jeunes des DOM-TOM.

Pour ces derniers, le service national, auquel ils sont en majorité favorables, est vécu comme une étape importante. C'est pour eux la possibilité d'acquérir un métier, de s'affirmer... Mais leurs attentes et leurs difficultés particulières d'intégration (adaptation au climat, éloignement de la famille, tendance au regroupement...) désorientent l'encadrement qui n'y voit qu'exigences revendicatives ou refus de s'intégrer. Une incompréhension qui crée bien souvent des situations tendues.
L'hôpital prend-il en compte les diversités culturelles ?
Authors: Papadacci Stephanopoli Ivan
Published: January 2018

Pour le directeur de l'hôpital Charles Foix-Jean Rostand d'Ivry-sur-Seine, le système hospitalier français, qui est laïc, ne doit prendre en compte que les seules différences compatibles avec sa mission de service public.
Le statut ambigu des vieilles femmes en Kabylie
Authors: Lacoste-Dujardin Camille
Published: January 2018

Si le vieillissement — pour rare qu'il soit en Kabylie — conduit à la marginalisation pour les deux sexes, il ne réserve pas le même sort aux hommes et aux femmes.

Devenues infécondes, ces dernières peuvent accéder au rôle positif d'accoucheuse, de guérisseuse : ce sont les «matrones». Mais le plus souvent ces femmes âgées, isolées, qui seraient expertes en magie maléfique, sont redoutées de tous : ce sont les «sorcières».
Synthèse du colloque
Authors: Laroque Geneviève
Published: January 2018

L'accompagnement dans la vieillesse et dans la mort de tous ceux qui, volontairement ou non, sont venus vivre avec nous, est une extraordinaire leçon de tolérance.
Islam et Occident : les «massifs idéologiques». Un entretien avec Claude Liauzu
Authors: Liauzu Claude , Dhoukar Hédi
Published: January 2018

Spécialiste des mouvements sociaux dans le tiers monde, et notamment dans les pays du Maghreb, Claude Liauzu est professeur d'histoire à l'université de Paris VII (Jussieu). Il est responsable du Groupe d'études et d'échanges avec le Monde arabe et musulman.

Son dernier livre est une réflexion sur le «petit monde» de la recherche en sciences humaines (sociologie et histoire, en particulier), ainsi que sur les médias. Il montre à quel point les problèmes du monde arabo-musulman sont peu maîtrisés par la recherche scientifique, particulièrement en France, mais aussi par certains intellectuels arabes formés à l'école de l'Occident.
L'émigration algérienne au miroir de la société d'origine
Authors: Addi Lahouari
Published: January 2018

L'émigration est un phénomène révélateur des grands problèmes de la société algérienne et des contradictions dans lesquelles elle se débat.
Les Arabes dans la société américaine. Un entretien avec Muhamed Mehdi
Authors: Mehdi Muhamed , Diouf-Kamara Sylviane
Published: January 2018

Président de I 'American Arab Relations Committee et secrétaire général du National Council on Islamic Affairs, le Dr Muhamed Mehdi, né en Irak, vit aux Etats-Unis depuis plus de trente ans. Il a consacré plusieurs livres à la communauté arabe américaine et rencontré tous les leaders du monde arabe.
Le séisme intérieur. Un entretien avec le docteur Rachid Bennegadi
Authors: BENNEGADI Rachid , Londner Claudine
Published: January 2018

Pendant que sur les terrains d'opérations, les militaires fourbissaient leurs armes, que dans les cabinets gouvernementaux, les politiques révisaient leurs tactiques et que dans les studios de télévision, les journalistes en ébullition cédaient au «syndrome Apocalypse now» ; dans le huis clos des consultations psychiatriques, la guerre du Golfe faisait aussi ses ravages.

Attaché à la consultation psychiatrique du Centre Françoise Minkowska1, le docteur Rachid Bennegadi a reçu de nombreux migrants traumatisés, ébranlés dans leurs tentatives d'intégration, percevant de l'intérieur ce conflit comme une brèche ouverte sur le néant. Sa position de praticien d'origine maghrébine mais aussi d'intellectuel permet à Rachid Bennegadi de porter un regard protéiforme sur la pathologie mentale résultant de cette guerre, regard distancié du thérapeute, mâtiné de quelques douleurs personnelles.
Le nous est-il haïssable ?
Authors: Pierrot Alain
Published: January 2018

En quel sens peut-on dire «nous» à l'école ? Le «nous» identitaire de l'élève peut être entendu mais il ne doit pas être suscité. Quant au «nous» qui renvoie à la«communauté scolaire», il traduit le vécu collectif des élèves et doit conduire à une citoyenneté ouverte, à l'opposé d'un modèle de scolarisation par communauté d'origine.
La participation à la défense militaire
Authors: Frémeaux Jacques
Published: January 2018

Quels sont les principes qui ont présidé à la participation des étrangers à ce que l'on a longtemps appelé «le service de France» ? Et en quoi l'armée a-t-elle pu être un facteur d'intégration ?
Les polonais dans la résistance en France
Authors: Ponty Janine
Published: January 2018

Que des citoyens polonais aient combattu l'occupant nazi sur le sol français, c'est relativement connu. Que leur engagement fut plus précoce et proportionnellement plus important que chez les Français, cela l'est moins. Que la Résistance polonaise fut composée de groupes venant d'horizon différents, c'était quasiment inconnu jusqu'aux années 80 : elle comprenait, certes, des communistes, mais aussi des militaires, et des résistants liés au gouvernement polonais en exil à Londres.
Portrait d'une nation inachevée. La "nouvelle immigration" américaine
Authors: Wacquant Loïc J. D.
Published: January 2018

Immigrant America, un ouvrage majeur publié aux USA sur les nouvelles migrations américaines, bat en brèches un certain nombre de théories tombées dans le domaine commun : les immigrants n'arrivent pas nécessairement des pays les plus pauvres (la surpopulation, la misère et la stagnation économique n'entraînent pas mécaniquement le départ du pays d'origine) ; l'acculturation n'est pas un remède simple aux traumas de l'immigration ; à niveau social égal, le bilinguisme n'est pas un handicap pour les enfants de migrants ; l'assimilation relève du mirage collectif ; l'«identité ethnique» (les «hispaniques» aux USA commes les «beurs» en France) est avant tout une construction politique et médiatique.

Centré autour de ce livre, l'article de Loïc Wacquant fait le point sur le débat américain autour de l'immigration. Un débat qui n'est pas sans enseignements pour la compréhension des phénomènes migratoires en Europe, et plus spécialement en France.