bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CNN-Based Cell Analysis: From Image to Quantitative Representation
Authors: Allier Cédric , Hervé Lionel , Paviolo Chiara , Mandula Ondrej , Cioni Olivier , Pierré William , Andriani Francesca , Padmanabhan Kiran , Morales Sophie
Published: January 2022

We present a novel deep learning-based quantification pipeline for the analysis of cell culture images acquired by lens-free microscopy. The image reconstruction part of the pipeline features a convolutional neural network performing phase unwrapping and accelerating the inverse problem optimization. It allows phase retrieval at the 4K level (3,840 × 2,748 pixels) in 3 s. The analysis part of the pipeline features a suite of convolutional neural networks estimating different cell metrics from the reconstructed image, that is, cell surface area, cell dry mass, cell length, and cell thickness. The networks have been trained to predict quantitative representation of the cell measurements that can be next translated into measurement lists with a local maxima algorithm. In this article, we discuss the performance and limitations of this novel deep learning-based quantification pipeline in comparison with a standard image processing solution. The main advantage brought by this method is the fast processing time, that is, the analysis rate of ∼25.000 cells measurements per second. Although our proof of principle has been established with lens-free microscopy, the approach of using quantitative cell representation in a deep learning framework can be similarly applied to other microscopy techniques.
The Proposition for Bipolar Depression Forecasting Based on Wearable Data Collection
Authors: Llamocca Pavel , López Victoria , Čukić Milena
Published: January 2022

Bipolar depression is treated wrongly as unipolar depression, on average, for 8 years. It is shown that this mismedication affects the occurrence of a manic episode and aggravates the overall condition of patients with bipolar depression. Significant effort was invested in early detection of depression and forecasting of responses to certain therapeutic approaches using a combination of features extracted from standard and online testing, wearables monitoring, and machine learning. In the case of unipolar depression, this approach yielded evidence that this data-based computational psychiatry approach would be helpful in clinical practice. Following a similar pipeline, we examined the usefulness of this approach to foresee a manic episode in bipolar depression, so that clinicians and family of the patient can help patient navigate through the time of crisis. Our projects combined the results from self-reported daily questionnaires, the data obtained from smart watches, and the data from regular reports from standard psychiatric interviews to feed various machine learning models to predict a crisis in bipolar depression. Contrary to satisfactory predictions in unipolar depression, we found that bipolar depression, having more complex dynamics, requires personalized approach. A previous work on physiological complexity (complex variability) suggests that an inclusion of electrophysiological data, properly quantified, might lead to better solutions, as shown in other projects of our group concerning unipolar depression. Here, we make a comparison of previously performed research in a methodological sense, revisiting and additionally interpreting our own results showing that the methodological approach to mania forecasting may be modified to provide an accurate prediction in bipolar depression.
Exponential Relationship Between Maximal Apnea Duration and Exercise Intensity in Non-apnea Trained Individuals
Authors: Guimard Alexandre , Joulia Fabrice , Prieur Fabrice , Poszalczyk Gauthier , Helme Kader , Lhuissier François J.
Published: January 2022

It is well known that the duration of apnea is longer in static than in dynamic conditions, but the impact of exercise intensity on the apnea duration needs to be investigated. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between apnea duration and exercise intensity, and the associated metabolic parameters. Ten healthy active young non-apnea trained (NAT) men participated in this study. During the first visit, they carried out a maximum static apnea (SA) and a maximal progressive cycle exercise to evaluate the power output achieved at peak oxygen uptake (PVO2peak). During the second visit, they performed four randomized dynamic apneas (DAs) at 20, 30, 40, and 50% of PVO2peak (P20, P30, P40, and P50) preceded by 4 min of exercise without apnea. Duration of apnea, heart rate (HR), arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2), blood lactate concentration [La], rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and subjective feeling were recorded. Apnea duration was significantly higher during SA (68.1 ± 23.6 s) compared with DA. Apnea duration at P20 (35.6 ± 11.7 s) was higher compared with P30 (25.6 ± 6.3 s), P40 (19.2 ± 6.7 s), and P50 (16.9 ± 2.5 s). The relationship between apnea duration and exercise intensity followed an exponential function (y= 56.388e–0.025x). SA as DA performed at P20 and P30 induces a bradycardia. Apnea induces an SpO2decrease which is higher during DA (−10%) compared with SA (−4.4%). The decreases of SPO2recorded during DA do not differ despite the increase in exercise intensity. An increase of [La] was observed in P30 and P40 conditions. RPE and subjective feeling remained unchanged whatever the apnea conditions might be. These results suggest that the DA performed at 30% of VO2peak could be the best compromise between apnea duration and exercise intensity. Then, DA training at low intensity could be added to aerobic training since, despite the moderate hypoxia, it is sufficient to induce and increase [La] generally observed during high-intensity training.
Glufosinate-Ammonium Induced Aberrant Histone Modifications in Mouse Sperm Are Concordant With Transcriptome in Preimplantation Embryos
Authors: Ma Xuan , Fan Yun , Xiao Wenwen , Ding Xingwang , Hu Weiyue , Xia Yankai
Published: January 2022

Glufosinate-ammonium (GLA) is a widely used herbicide with emerging concern over its male reproductive toxicity. Abnormalities in sperm histone modification induced by GLA exposure observed in our previous study aroused our interest in whether such alterations could further affect embryonic gene expression. Here we administered adult male mice with 0.2 mg/kg⋅day of GLA for 5 weeks to collect their sperm or 4-cell embryos after copulation. Cleavage Under Targets and Tagmentation (CUT&Tag) sequencing showed alterations of sperm H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) and histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27ac), which are active histone modification marks involved in embryo development, while RNA sequencing identified differentially expressed genes in 4-cell embryos. Differentially H3K4me3 and H3K27ac occupied regions were mainly distributed at the gene promoters and putative enhancers, and were enriched in pathways related to the immune system and nervous system. Integrative analysis of these sequencing data showed that genes such as Mgl2 with increased H3K4me3 and H3K27ac in sperm were up-regulated in embryos, and vice versa for genes such as Dcn. Additionally, differentially occupied H3K4me3 and H3K27ac in sperm were linked to gene expression changes in both paternal and maternal alleles of 4-cell embryos. In conclusion, GLA-induced changes in sperm H3K4me3 and H3K27ac are concordant with gene expression in preimplantation embryos, which might further affect embryo development and offspring health.
Insights Into the Molecular Mechanisms of Late Flowering in Prunus sibirica by Whole-Genome and Transcriptome Analyses
Authors: Xu Wanyu , Bao Wenquan , Liu Huimin , Chen Chen , Bai Haikun , Huang Mengzhen , Zhu Gaopu , Zhao Han , Gou Ningning , Chen Yixiao , Wang Lin , Wuyun Ta-na
Published: January 2022

Freezing during the flowering of Prunus sibirica is detrimental to fruit production. The late flowering (LF) type, which is delayed by 7–15 days compared with the normal flowering (NF) type, avoids damages at low temperature, but the molecular mechanism of LF remains unclear. Therefore, this study was conducted to comprehensively characterize floral bud differentiation. A histological analysis showed that initial floral bud differentiation was delayed in the LF type compared to the NF type. Genome-wide associated studies (GWAS) showed that a candidate gene (PaF106G0600023738.01) was significantly associated with LF type. It was identified as trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (PsTPPF), which is involved in trehalose-6-phosphate (Tre6P) signaling pathway and acts on floral transition. A whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing analysis was conducted, and a total of 6,110 differential expression (DE) mRNAs, 1,351 DE lncRNAs, and 148 DE miRNAs were identified. In addition, 24 DE mRNAs related with floral transition were predicted, and these involved the following: three interactions between DE lncRNAs and DE mRNAs of photoperiod pathway with two mRNAs (COP1, PaF106G0400018289.01 and CO3, MXLOC_025744) and three lncRNAs (CCLR, LTCONS_00031803, COCLR1, LTCONS_00046726, and COCLR2, LTCONS_00046731); one interaction between DE miRNAs and DE mRNAs with one mRNA, encoding trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (PsTPS1, PaF106G0100001132.01), and one miRNA (miRNA167h). Combined with the expression profiles and Tre6P levels, functions of PsTPPF and PsTPS1 in Tre6P regulation were considered to be associated with flowering time. A new network of ceRNAs correlated with LF was constructed, and it consisted of one mRNA (PsTPS1), one lncRNA (TCLR, LTCONS_00034157), and one miRNA (miR167h). This study provided insight into the molecular regulatory mechanism of LF in Prunus sibirica.
Will This Help Be Helpful? Giving Aid to Strangers in the United States and Japan
Authors: Niiya Yu , Handron Caitlin , Markus Hazel Rose
Published: January 2022

Japanese rank among the least likely to intervene to help a stranger in a non-emergency situation while Americans rank among the most likely. Across four studies, we demonstrate that Japanese are less likely to offer help to strangers because their decisions rely more heavily on the assessment of the needs of others. Accordingly, when there is uncertainty about the need for help, Japanese are less likely to intervene than Americans because without an understanding of the needs of recipient, the impact of intervention may also be harmful. When the situation is unambiguous, Japanese and Americans are equally likely to help. This divergence in readiness to help strangers elaborates the understanding of why people in Japanese contexts are more likely than those in United States contexts to attend to the situation and to avoid uncertain situations. It also illuminates cultural differences in models of agency—implicit understandings of when and why a person should act to aid another.
A Study of Student-Teachers' Emotional Experiences and Their Development of Professional Identities
Authors: Chen Zehang , Sun Yin , Jia Zhenhui
Published: January 2022

A reciprocal relation has been identified between teacher emotion and teacher professional identity. However, the underlying mechanism explaining this complex interaction remains underexamined. Moreover, limited attention has been paid to the emotional dimension of student-teachers' development of professional identity during university coursework. To bridge this gap, the present study explores how student-teachers' emotions reciprocally interact with their professional identities, drawing data from questionnaires, reflections, and interviews with students taking courses related to language teaching in a teacher-training university. Both quantitative and qualitative data delineated the intertwined trajectories of student-teachers' emotional experiences and the development of professional identity in the learning process of becoming teachers. Mainly triggered by course-related factors, student-teachers experienced a wide array of emotions, of which the polarity and intensity were determined and mediated by their goals and actions deriving from their professional identities. Those aroused emotions, in turn, signaled the developmental process of professional identity and promoted or hindered their emerging identities. This paper concludes with some implications for initial teacher education programs.
Effects of Intradialytic Cognitive and Physical Exercise Training on Cognitive and Physical Abilities in Hemodialysis Patients: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Bogataj Špela , Trajković Nebojša , Pajek Maja , Pajek Jernej
Published: January 2022

The prevalence of cognitive impairment in hemodialysis (HD) patients is extremely high. Despite the well-documented benefits of interventions on cognitive function, there is a widespread call for effective strategies that will show the long-term consequences in patients undergoing dialysis. The aim of this research protocol was to investigate the effect of cognitive training combined with physical exercise on cognitive function, physical performance, and frailty indicators in the HD population. We will conduct a randomized controlled intervention trial to examine the effects of a combined non-pharmacological intervention in the form of intradialytic physical exercise and intradialytic cognitive training on cognitive function, indicators of frailty, and physical performance measures in HD patients. The group of patients receiving the study intervention will be compared to the control group receiving standard HD care. The duration of the intervention will be 12 weeks. We will use sensitive instruments (cognitive domain tests) to assess cognitive functions. The primary outcome of the study at 12 weeks will be performance on the Alertness subtest of the computerized Test of Attentional Performance. Secondary study outcomes are: Performance in other domains of cognitive function (executive function, psychomotor speed, information processing efficiency, working memory, and attention), physical fitness (10 repetition sit-to-stand test, timed up and go test, handgrip strength test, spontaneous gait speed, and stork balance test), and assessment of frailty (Edmonton Frail Scale). Study outcomes will be assessed at baseline, immediately after the 12-week intervention, and 6 months after the end of the study without specific further intervention (retention effect assessment). This study will be among the first to test the synergistic effects of a uniquely designed physical exercise and cognitive training intervention on functional status in HD patients. We believe our results will contribute to dementia prevention research by demonstrating the long-term efficacy of our combined intervention.

Clinical Trial Registration:ClinicalTrials.Gov, NCT05150444.
Multiparty Evolutionary Game Strategy for Green Technology Innovation Under Market Orientation and Pandemics
Authors: Gong Min , Dai Aiming
Published: January 2022

Building a market-oriented green technology innovation system is important for China's green development. In this system, the government, enterprises, and consumers promote green innovation. Given this backdrop, this study constructs an evolutionary game model that combines the government, enterprises and consumers to analyse their evolution trend of strategy by simulating theoretical analyses. It is found that government subsidies for enterprises and consumers, benefits of enterprises speculation, and green consumption costs affect the enterprise decisions of green innovation. These factors significantly affect the enterprises' decision-making of green technology innovation. It is also observed that the market mechanism motivates enterprises' green technology innovation under pandemics. It is suggested that adopting more green consumption subsidy policies, improving the supervision mechanism and formulating more incentive policies from other aspects will be useful policy implications.
Perceived Academic Stress and Depression: The Mediation Role of Mobile Phone Addiction and Sleep Quality
Authors: Zhang Xin , Gao Fei , Kang Zheng , Zhou Hongguo , Zhang Jianfeng , Li Jingjing , Yan Jun , Wang Jiahui , Liu Huan , Wu Qunhong , Liu Baohua
Published: January 2022

Background

Although academic stress is a well-known risk factor for students' depression, little is known about the possible psychological mechanisms underlying this association. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of depression and sleep disturbance among Chinese students, examined the relationship between perceived academic stress and depression, considered if mobile phone addiction and sleep quality is a mediator of this relationship, and tested if mobile phone addiction and sleep quality together play a serial mediating role in the influence of perceived academic stress on depression.

Method

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among students from September to December 2018 in Heilongjiang Province, China. The final analysis included 5,109 students. Mobile phone addiction, sleep quality, and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Mobile Phone Addiction Index, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scales, respectively. The serial mediation model was used to analyse the relationship between perceived academic stress, mobile phone addiction, sleep quality, and depression.

Results

Among all participants, the prevalence of depressive symptoms and sleep disturbance was 28.69 and 27.95%, respectively. High school students showed the highest scores of perceived academic stress (2.68 ± 1.06), and the highest prevalence of depressive symptoms (33.14%) and sleep disturbance (36.47%). The serial mediation model indicated that perceived academic stress was a significant predictor of depression (B = 0.10, SE = 0.02, 95% CI = 0.06 – 0.13). Additionally, mobile phone addiction (B = 0.08, 95% boot CI = 0.06–0.11) and sleep quality (B = 0.27, 95% boot CI = 0.22–0.33) played a mediating role between perceived academic stress and depression. Mobile phone addiction and sleep quality together played a serial mediating role in the influence of perceived academic stress on depression (B = 0.11, 95% boot CI = 0.08–0.14). Furthermore, the indirect effect (i.e., the mediating effect of mobile phone addiction and sleep quality) was significant and accounted for 64.01% of the total effect.

Conclusions

Our research results underscore the need for stakeholders—including family members, educators, and policy makers—to take preventative intervention measures to address depression among Chinese students, especially high school students.
Patients' Self-Disclosure Positively Influences the Establishment of Patients' Trust in Physicians: An Empirical Study of Computer-Mediated Communication in an Online Health Community
Authors: Liu Jusheng , He Jianjia , He Shengxue , Li Chaoran , Yu Changrui , Li Qiang
Published: January 2022

With the development of telemedicine and e-health, usage of online health communities has grown, with such communities now representing convenient sources of information for patients who have geographical and temporal constraints regarding visiting physical health-care institutions. Many previous studies have examined patient–provider communication and health-care service delivery in online health communities; however, there is a dearth of research exploring the relationship between patients' level of self-disclosure and the establishment of patients' trust in physicians. Consequently, this study aims to explore how patients' self-disclosure affects the establishment of patients' trust in physicians. “Good Doctor,” which is a China-based online health community, was used as a data source, and a computer program was developed to download data for patient–physician communication on this community. Then, data for communications between 1,537 physicians and 63,141 patients were obtained. Ultimately, an empirical model was built to test our hypotheses. The results showed that patients' self-disclosure positively influences their establishment of trust in physicians. Further, physicians' provision of social support to patients showed a complete mediating effect on the relationship between patients' self-disclosure and patients' establishment of trust in physicians. Finally, evidence of “hope-for-help” motivation in patients' messages weakened the effect of patients' self-disclosure when physicians' social support was text-based, but strengthened it when physicians' social support was voice-based.
Exposure to Abnormally Hot Temperature and the Demand for Commercial Health Insurance
Authors: Zhong Qian , Zhang Hao , Sun Xiaoke
Published: January 2022

Using the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, this paper studies the impact of abnormal hot temperature on residents' demand for commercial health insurance. The results show that for every 1°F rise in abnormal temperature, the probability of people buying commercial health insurance increased by 6%. Furthermore, the abnormal hot temperature has a more significant impact on the commercial health insurance demand of women, residents in the South and residents in the East. Channel analysis shows that abnormal hot temperature affects the demand for commercial health insurance through two channels: increasing residents' concern about climate risk and affecting health. This paper provides evidence for actively promoting sustainable development and improving the construction of medical security system.
A Socially Assistive Robot for Stroke Patients: Acceptance, Needs, and Concerns of Patients and Informal Caregivers
Authors: Dembovski Ayelet , Amitai Yael , Levy-Tzedek Shelly
Published: January 2022

Stroke patients often contend with long-term physical challenges that require treatment and support from both formal and informal caregivers. Socially Assistive Robots (SARs) can assist patients in their physical rehabilitation process and relieve some of the burden on the informal caregivers, such as spouses and family members. We collected and analyzed information from 23 participants (11 stroke patients and 12 informal caregivers) who participated in a total of six focus-group discussions. The participants responded to questions regarding using a SAR to promote physical exercises during the rehabilitation process: (a) the advantages and disadvantages of doing so; (b) specific needs that they wish a SAR would address; (c) patient-specific adaptations they would propose to include; and (d) concerns they had regarding the use of such technology in stroke rehabilitation. We found that the majority of the participants in both groups were interested in experiencing the use of a SAR for rehabilitation, in the clinic and at home. Both groups noted the advantage of having the constant presence of a motivating entity with whom they can practice their rehabilitative exercises. The patients noted how such a device can assist formal caregivers in managing their workload, while the informal caregivers indicated that such a system could ease their own workload and sense of burden. The main disadvantages that participants noted related to the robot not possessing human abilities, such as the ability to hold a conversation, to physically guide the patient's movements, and to express or understand emotions. We anticipate that the data collected in this study—input from the patients and their family members, including the similarities and differences between their points of view—will aid in improving the development of SARs for rehabilitation, so that they can better suit people who have had a stroke, and meet their individual needs.
Initial Evaluation of the Concept-2 Rowing Ergometer's Accuracy Using a Motorized Test Rig
Authors: Treff Gunnar , Mentz Lennart , Mayer Benjamin , Winkert Kay , Engleder Thomas , Steinacker Jürgen M.
Published: January 2022

Introduction

The Concept 2 (C2) rowing ergometer is used worldwide for home-based training, official competitions, and performance assessment in sports and science. Previous studies reported a disparate underestimation of mechanical power output positively related to an unclearly defined stroke variability. The aim of this study was to quantify the accuracy of the C2 while controlling for the potentially influencing variables of the rowing stroke by using a test rig for air-braked rowing ergometers and thus excluding biological variability.

Methods

A unique motorized test rig for rowing ergometers was employed. Accuracy was assessed as the difference in mechanical power output between C2 and a reference system during steady (i.e., minimal variations of stroke power within a series of 50 spacemark, no -strokes) and unsteady simulated rowing (i.e., persistent variations during measurement series) while manipulating the stroke variables shape, force, or rate.

Results

During steady simulated rowing, differences between C2 and the reference system ranged 2.9–4.3%. Differences were not significantly affected by stroke shapes (P = 0.153), but by stroke rates ranging 22–28 min−1 (P < 0.001). During unsteady simulated rowing with alterations of stroke force and rate, mean differences of 2.5–3.9% were similar as during steady simulated rowing, but the random error increased up to 18-fold. C2 underestimated mechanical power output of the first five strokes by 10–70%. Their exclusion reduced mean differences to 0.2–1.9%.

Conclusion

Due to the enormous underestimation of the start strokes, the nominal accuracy of the C2 depends on the total number of strokes considered. It ranges 0.2–1.9%, once the flywheel has been sufficiently accelerated. Inaccuracy increases with uneven rowing, but the stroke shape has a marginal impact. Hence, rowers should row as even as possible and prefer higher stroke rates to optimize C2 readings. We recommend external reference systems for scientific and high-performance assessments, especially for short tests designs where the start strokes will have a major impact.
Heterogeneity of Resilience of Livelihood Strategies in Pastoral and Agropastoral Farming Systems of Rural Semi-arid to Arid Areas in Morocco
Authors: Alary Véronique , Caulfield Mark E. , Amsidder Lina , Juanes Xavier , Boujenane Ismaïl , Sraïri Taher M. , Sam Adams , Hammond James , Van Wijk Mark
Published: January 2022

A large proportion of rural households, particularly in the dry land areas, representative for more than 10% of the world's land surface and up to 80% in Morocco, depend for their livelihoods on livestock. They exploit livestock's capacity to live in very harsh environments using herd-mobility at multiple scale level. Understanding the multiple contributions of livestock to the household and national economy raises complex research issues and challenges linked with the multitude of goods and services derived from livestock, their interactions with other family activities, and the local and national context. The objective of our research was therefore to analyse the diversity and assess the resilience of livelihood strategies of farming households oriented to livestock using a set of data collected in the dry land areas (oases and mountainous zones) of Morocco and discuss the livelihood outcome indicators. To achieve this, we have realized a cross-sectional analysis of livelihoods and adaptive capacity, to select a set of pertinent indicators. These indicators have been developed using an adapted version of the Rural Household Multi-Indicator Survey (RHoMIS) toolkit for pastoral and agropastoral household systems. Our results highlight the critical importance of livelihood diversification (off-farm diversification, livestock diversification, and crop diversification) in building household resilience and the livelihood outcomes. While livelihood strategies undoubtedly contribute to livelihood outcomes, there is also a critical iterative process, i.e., livelihood outcomes also influence the livelihood strategies at the farming households. The present work proposes an aggregated indicator of livelihood outcomes allowing us to capture the heterogeneity of living conditions of agropastoral systems by considering the main drivers of this system, i.e., mobility, livestock species, and physiological stage composition of the herd. This approach could constitute a valuable contribution to help fill the knowledge gaps that do not allow policy makers in developing contextualized rural development policies and instruments in these very harsh environments.
Surgical Process Modeling for Open Spinal Surgeries
Authors: Carrillo Fabio , Esfandiari Hooman , Müller Sandro , von Atzigen Marco , Massalimova Aidana , Suter Daniel , Laux Christoph J. , Spirig José M. , Farshad Mazda , Fürnstahl Philipp
Published: January 2022

Modern operating rooms are becoming increasingly advanced thanks to the emerging medical technologies and cutting-edge surgical techniques. Current surgeries are transitioning into complex processes that involve information and actions from multiple resources. When designing context-aware medical technologies for a given intervention, it is of utmost importance to have a deep understanding of the underlying surgical process. This is essential to develop technologies that can correctly address the clinical needs and can adapt to the existing workflow. Surgical Process Modeling (SPM) is a relatively recent discipline that focuses on achieving a profound understanding of the surgical workflow and providing a model that explains the elements of a given surgery as well as their sequence and hierarchy, both in quantitative and qualitative manner. To date, a significant body of work has been dedicated to the development of comprehensive SPMs for minimally invasive baroscopic and endoscopic surgeries, while such models are missing for open spinal surgeries. In this paper, we provide SPMs common open spinal interventions in orthopedics. Direct video observations of surgeries conducted in our institution were used to derive temporal and transitional information about the surgical activities. This information was later used to develop detailed SPMs that modeled different primary surgical steps and highlighted the frequency of transitions between the surgical activities made within each step. Given the recent emersion of advanced techniques that are tailored to open spinal surgeries (e.g., artificial intelligence methods for intraoperative guidance and navigation), we believe that the SPMs provided in this study can serve as the basis for further advancement of next-generation algorithms dedicated to open spinal interventions that require a profound understanding of the surgical workflow (e.g., automatic surgical activity recognition and surgical skill evaluation). Furthermore, the models provided in this study can potentially benefit the clinical community through standardization of the surgery, which is essential for surgical training.
Applying Tissue and Mesh Combined Repair (TMC Repair) to Treat Adult Inguinal Hernia—A Study Based on 1,169 Cases
Authors: Chen Lung-Fei
Published: January 2022

At present, the most widely favored technique for treating adult inguinal hernia is the use of tension-free mesh repair, while traditional means of tissue repair have been gradually phased out. Mesh repair seeks to prevent the occurrence of hernias by covering the entire myopectineal orifice with artificial mesh. Yet in doing so, it fails to reinforce the naturally weak area between the transversus abdominis arch and the iliopubic tract. To rectify this and reduce the chance of recurrence following inguinal hernia surgery, the author has combined mesh repair with autologous tissue repair to create a method called TMC repair (tissue and mesh combined repair). From Jan 1, 2010 to Dec 31, 2015 the author applied TMC repair to treat adult inguinal hernia in 1,169 patients, achieving a recurrence rate of 0.68%. It is therefore a highly recommended method for treating adult inguinal hernia.
The Gingiva of Horses With Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction: A Macroscopic Anatomical Evaluation
Authors: Nitzsche Anne Maria , Fey Kerstin , Büttner Kathrin , Gröf Manuela , Staszyk Carsten
Published: January 2022

Pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) is a common neurodegenerative disease mainly in horses older than 15 years. The domestic equine population is following the same demographic change as that seen in humans; it is aging and veterinarians are asked to attend to geriatric horses more frequently. Common problems seen regularly in older equines are dental disorders and especially periodontal disease. As a systemic and endocrine disease, associated with delayed wound healing and impaired immune function, PPID should be considered before major dental treatment in aged equines is started. Possible negative effects of PPID on epithelial tissues could also affect the periodontium. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to identify gross changes in the gingiva associated with PPID. Fourteen horses with clinical signs of PPID and adenoma in the pituitary pars intermedia and 13 controls showing neither clinical signs nor PPID-associated histological changes in the pituitary gland were included. PPID-affected horses (26.9 ± 0.73 years) were significantly older than controls (20.0 ± 1.24 years). In the PPID-affected group, significantly more often an irregular and bulky appearance of the gingival texture was observed, as well as an irregular shape of the gingival margin. Furthermore, thesulcus gingivalisof cheek teeth frequently was deeper than 1 mm. These findings indicate a possible association between age, soft tissue alterations, and PPID and suggest a potential predisposition of PPID-affected horses for periodontal diseases.
Ethnoveterinary Survey Conducted in Baiku Yao Communities in Southwest China
Authors: Luo Binsheng , Hu Qimin , Lai Kedao , Bhatt Arvind , Hu Renchuan
Published: January 2022

Baiku Yao is a branch of the Yao ethnic group mainly living in Guangxi and Guizhou provinces of China. They are recognized by UNESCO as an ethnic group with an intact ethnic culture. The Baiku Yao people have extensive ethnoveterinary knowledge, which they used to prevent and control various animal diseases. During the African swine fever outbreak, the livestock of the Baiku Yao community remained unaffected. We investigated ethnoveterinary knowledge among local Baiku Yao villagers. A total of 39 ethnoveterinary plant species are utilized for the treatment of various diseases. Five species, namely, Stephania kwangsiensis, Aristolochia kwangsiensis, Clerodendrum bungei, Paederia foetida, and Tetradium ruticarpum, had the highest relative frequency values. Strobilanthes cusia, Tetradium ruticarpum, and Stephania kwangsiensis are highly valued locally for treating animal plagues. The existing traditional ethnoveterinary knowledge needs to be conserved and validated scientifically.
Ciągłość rozwoju języka polskiego
Authors: Dubisz Stanisław
Published: January 2022

In the description of the evolution of the Polish language, there are two
basic categories: the sequence of historical events and the sequence of language
changes. Both of these categories determine the category of continuity as the
basis for evolutionary changes. The mobility (power) of a language depends
on intra-lingual and extra-lingual factors the infl uence of which enables the
implementation of the basic sociolinguistic functions of that language on the
systemic and textual planes. Sources provide evidence for language development
continuity, which is realised in forms of public discourse and the assigned speech
registers and communication-stylistic variants. The entirety of the processes
determining language development continuity follows the trend of optimising it
as a form of communication of a certain communication community.
Tools for evaluating the effectiveness of personnel: new criteria
Authors:   Training and Design Laboratory for Interdisciplinary Development of IT Competencies, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Lebedev V.A. , Lebedeva E.I. ,   Department of Law, expert of the Non-profit Partnership “Institute of Professional Accountants and Auditors of Russia”
Published: January 2022

Practical issues of independent assessment of qualifications are considered; including the organization of the assessment procedure by qualification assessment centers and their geographically separate structural units; contractual forms of attracting the necessary resources for conducting qualification tests are considered. The analysis of the current professional standard “Accountant”, including the requirements for education and practical work experience. The directions of improving the independent assessment of qualifications are considered; issues of training organization, benefits and compensation for employees.
New system of remuneration for health workers: pilot project
Authors:   Department of Economics and Management, Institute of Law and Management, Moscow City University, Moscow,, Shinkareva O.V. , Dikikh V.A. ,   Department of State and Municipal Administration, Institute of Law and Management, Moscow City University, Moscow
Published: January 2022

The article is devoted to the current pilot project on the introduction of a new system of remuneration for health workers of state and municipal institutions. The peculiarities of the method of determining salaries, as well as payments of incentive and compensatory nature for medical personnel according to the Draft Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation “On approval of the estimated value, groups of health workers of State and municipal health institutions to establish salaries, regional coefficients and methods of their calculation, labour complexity coefficients, a single list of compensatory payments, a single list of incentive payments, the size and conditions of compensatory and incentive payments for the purpose of the pilot project” are analyzed. Examples of calculation of salary elements of medical workers according to the new wage system are given.
Amnésia Induzida por Álcool: prevalência e fatores associados em estudantes de medicina
Authors: De Souza Mazzuco Larissa , Della Justina Juliano , Pacheco Rico Eduardo
Published: January 2022

Objetivo. Conhecer a prevalência e fatores associados à amnésia induzida por álcool (AIA) em acadêmicos de medicina da Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense. Método. Pesquisa de caráter observacional transversal, com abordagem quantitativa. Realizada através de um questionário online, elaborado pelos próprios autores, e acrescentado de perguntas do Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). O questionário avaliou a população acadêmica (n=268) do curso de medicina da Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense quanto ao seu perfil, consumo de álcool e AIA. Resultados. Foi observado que dos estudantes que bebem 2 a 4 vezes por mês 48,9% apresentaram AIA, já dos que bebem 4 ou mais vezes por semana 75% apresentaram AIA. Ao analisar por doses consumidas por ocasião, dos que bebem de 3 a 4 doses 47,6% apresentaram AIA, e dos que bebem 10 ou mais doses 88% apresentaram AIA. Quando analisado a frequência de binge drink, dos que bebem mensalmente 62,5% apresentaram AIA, e semanalmente 67% apresentaram AIA. Não foi encontrada relação entre sexo, perfil de moradia, semestre da graduação e AIA. Sobre os fatores comportamentais, 59,8% dos entrevistados participaram de alguma pré-festa ou jogos com bebidas antes da AIA, 54,7% não se alimentaram corretamente, e 79,5% relataram ter feito algo durante a AIA que se arrependeu depois. Conclusão. Existe uma alta prevalência de AIA nos estudantes de medicina, sendo esta associada ao consumo de álcool em excesso, ter participado de pré-festas ou jogos com bebidas, não ter se alimentado corretamente e arrependimentos.
DETERMINATION AND PROVISION OF OPTIMAL THERMAL PROFILE IN TRANSMISSION UNITS OF WHEELED VEHICLES DURING OPERATION AT LOW TEMPERATURES
Authors: Ivannikov Valerii , Nikulin Maksim , Samojlenkov Sergej
Published: January 2022

The article discusses materials on optimizing the temperature regime of transmission units of wheeled vehicles when operating at low temperatures. In preparing this review, we used materials in Russian published in the period from 2000 to 2021. We analyzed the materials illustrating the determination of the optimal temperature regime for transmission units, considered integrated heat supply systems, and proposed directions for further development of the process for determining and ensuring the optimal thermal profile in the transmission units of wheeled vehicles.
METHODS FOR OPTIMIZING ROAD TRANSPORT PROCESSES WITH INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES INCLUDED
Authors: Zelikov Vladimir , Blagonravov Dmitrij , Kazachek Mariya
Published: January 2022

In this rapidly changing world, the need for a product is growing day by day. Accordingly, transport plays a big role in society for them. The profit and condition of companies that transport goods from one corner of the country to another are determined by transport. In the face of increasing competition in the transport sector, participating companies must introduce new existing technologies and significantly improve the quality of their services in order to stay in business. The purpose of this research work is to study modern methods of optimizing the processes of road transport, taking into account innovative technologies.
MODELING OF THE PROCESS OF REGULATING THE OPERATING THERMAL REGIME OF POWER PLANTS
Authors: Hripchenko Mihail , Popov Dmitrii , Goncharov Andrej , Vasilenko Maksim
Published: January 2022

A refined method of thermal and aerodynamic calculation of elements of cooling systems of power plants is presented. The dependences of the time of reaching the optimal thermal regime of a power plant with rigid and adjustable cooling systems are given.
The medicalization of family judicial conflicts
Authors: Casaleiro Paula
Published: January 2022

This article aims to provide a critical reflection on the process of medicalization of judicial family and children conflicts, exploring how the medical and social science (psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers) discourses and professionals are mingled in Portuguese civil guardianship proceedings. Through the content analysis of a set of judicial processes, we conclude that not only do medical assumptions resonate in the rules of child custody, but there is a tendency in these processes to reduce family conflicts to and treat them as pathological problems and to adopt medical and/or therapeutic and not “exclusively” judicial solutions. The aim is to normalize family and parental relationships that are outside the norm.
Addressing Human-wolf Conflict in Latvia: A Study of Discourses in Online News Media
Authors: Reķe Agnese
Published: January 2022

Vilki Eiropā tikuši vajāti un intensīvi iznīcināti gadsimtiem ilgi. Nesaudzīgās izmedīšanas dēļ, lielākajā daļā Eiropas tie izmira jau 19. gadsimta beigās. Tomēr pēdējo desmitgažu laikā, pateicoties dabas aizsardzības iniciatīvām un pārmaiņām zemes lietojuma veidos, vilku skaits Eiropā ir ievērojami pieaudzis. Šobrīd kontinentālajā Eiropā (neskaitot Krieviju un Baltkrieviju) mitinās aptuveni 17 000 vilku. Tas ir lielākais skaits vairāku gadsimtu laikā. Arī Latvijā šobrīd ir lielākā vilku populācija kopš 20. gadsimta sākuma (aptuveni 1200 indivīdi). Vilku atgriešanās Eiropā ir liela uzvara dabas aizsardzības nozarei, taču tai pat laikā process ir saasinājis cilvēku-vilku attiecības un raisījis diskusijas par to vietu mūsdienu Eiropā. Viedokļi par vilku aizsardzību dalās gan iesaistīto pušu, gan plašākas sabiedrības vidū. Daļa uzskata, ka vilki ir būtiska, saudzējama dabas sastāvdaļa, ar kuru mums, cilvēkiem jāiemācās līdzāspastāvēt, savukārt daļa – ka vilkiem ir vieta tikai dabas rezervātos, kur tie nevar radīt kaitējumu cilvēku interesēm. Pretrunīgo attieksmju dēļ vilku aizsardzības īstenošana Latvijā un citviet Eiropā ir sarežģīta. Lai nodrošinātu veiksmīgu vilku pastāvēšanas nākotni, zināšanas par attieksmi pret vilkiem ir vitāli svarīgas.
Šī pētījuma mērķis ir analizēt cilvēku-vilku attiecības Latvijā no vides humanitāro zinātņu perspektīvas, apskatot dominējošos diskursus par vilkiem populārākajos Latvijas digitālajos ziņu medijos. Pētījumi ir pierādījuši, ka ziņu medijiem ir būtiska loma sabiedrības viedokļa par dabas aizsardzību veidošanā. Šī iemesla dēļ tajos atrodamie diskursi var ietekmēt plašākas sabiedrības attieksmi. Analizējot 2003. - 2019. gadā publicētos rakstus, secināts, ka medijos dominē divi diskursi: (1) vilks kā drauds un (2) vilks kā aizsargājama suga. Pirmā diskursa galvenie veidotāji ir mednieki (reizēm arī lauksaimnieki), kuri vēlas panākt atļautā medību apjoma palielināšanu, pamatojot savu vēlmi ar riskiem, ko rada vilki. Otrā diskursa veidotāji ir dabas aizsardzības nozares pārstāvji, kas strādā ar sugas apsaimniekošanu saistītās iestādēs un argumentē nepieciešamību sugu sargāt, pamatojoties uz to ekoloģisko lomu.

Atslēgvārdi: vilki, lielie plēsēji, dabas aizsardzība, cilvēku-vilku mijattiecības, diskursu analīze
Shopping for Meaning: Tracing the Ontologies of Food Consumption in Latvia
Authors: Sauka Anne
Published: January 2022

Iezīmējot Ludviga Feierbaha slavenās frāzes “cilvēks ir tas, ko viņš ēd” ģenealoģiju, šajā rakstā tiek analizēti pārtikas patēriņa eksistenciālo un ētisko prakšu ontoloģiskie pamati, nošķirot uz produktu orientētas un procesuālas ontoloģijas. Paplašinot ierasto kritiskās ģenealoģijas jēdzienu ar jaunā materiālisma teorētiskajiem apsvērumiem par ķermeņa procesualitāti un dzīvoto materialitāti, rakstā izmantota ontoģenealoģiska pieeja, kas ļauj pievērsties sociālpolitisko transformāciju un dzīvotās materialitātes savstarpējības analīzei. Konceptuālais fons cilvēka attiecības ar ēdienu rakstā tiek skaidrots caur reaktīvā nihilisma un substanču ontoloģijas prizmu. Šiem jēdzieniem piesaistītās parādības rakstā tiek problematizētas kā “iemiesotās ideoloģijas”, kontekstā ar jaunā materiālisma diskusijām par pārtikas, veselības un vides savstarpējību. Otrā raksta daļa ir veltīta diskusijai par pārtikas sagādes praksēm Latvijā. Tradicionālas ēdiena sagādes prakses rakstā tiek aplūkotas kā alternatīvs zināšanu avots, kura ontoģenealoģisko fonu veido marginālas, citastarp arī procesuālas ontoloģijas un “iemiesotās ideoloģijas”, ko šobrīd pamatā nomāc dominējošais ontoģenealoģiskais fons. Kultūras mantojuma iedzīvināšana pārtikas ražošanas un patēriņa sfērās tiek izskatīta kā iespējams nākotnes risinājums vides humanitāro zinātņu cīņā ar uz produktu orientētu ideoloģiju negatīvajiem faktoriem, īpaši kontekstā ar patērētāja morālā apmierinājuma piesaisti noteiktam produktam un vides atsvešinājumu. Raksta mērķis ir demonstrēt nepieciešamību pārdomāt un rekontekstualizēt situatīvas ontoloģijas, akcentējot to nozīmi iekļaujošas rūpju ētikas veidošanā. Rakstā secināts, ka situatīvu ontoloģiju iedzīvināšana varētu ne vien piedāvāt alternatīvu valdošajām ideoloģijām, bet arī veicināt vides problēmu apzināšanos un mazināt atsvešinātību attiecībās ar vidi, iedibinot saikni starp šībrīža procesuālām pieejām vides izpratnē un lokāli situētām zināšanām un tādējādi veidojot izpratni par rūpēm par vidi kā kaut ko lokālā kontekstā pazīstamu.

Atslēgvārdi: ģenealoģija, ontoģenealoģija, process, produkts, reaktīvais nihilisms
Being at Home Matters: Urban Commons of Neighbourhoods near the Freeport of Riga, Latvia
Authors: Āboliņa Kristīne , Zīlāns Andis
Published: January 2022

Daudzviet Eiropā notiekot pilsētu sarukšanai, urbānās vides kvalitātei ir svarīga loma iedzīvotāju piesaistei vietai. Šī raksta mērķis ir identificēt pilsētvides kvalitātes un pārvaldības aspektus, kas ir nozīmīgi, lai iedzīvotāji apkaimē “justos kā mājās”. Rīgas iedzīvotāji piecās pieostas apkaimēs kā (ne)patīkamākos aspektus tajās ir izcēluši dabas teritorijas, gaisa kvalitāti, sociālo atmosfēru un pakalpojumus, tie analizēti, izmantojot kopējo resursu pieeju. Rezultāti rāda, ka patīkamāko apkaimju aspektu – dabas teritoriju daudzumu potenciāli samazinās plānotā dzīvojamā un industriālā apbūve. Savukārt atšķirīgi vides kvalitātes normatīvi dzīvojamās un rūpnieciskās teritorijās izraisa pretrunas gaisa kā kopējā resursa pārvaldībā. Pētījums rāda, ka pilsētas attīstības politika ir kopējo resursu galvenais ietekmējošais faktors. Vienlaikus iedzīvotājiem kā kopējo resursu lietotājiem ir mazākas iespējas ietekmēt lēmumus nekā industriālās puses pārstāvjiem, un lēmumu pieņemšana par kopējiem resursiem nenotiek apkaimju līmenī.

Atslēgvārdi: dabas teritorijas, gaisa kvalitāte, iedzīvotāji, pārvaldība, teritoriju plānošana, indikatori