bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aspectos da vida balneária nas revistas A Gaivota e Turismo en el Uruguay, 1930-1950
Authors: Schossler Joana Carolina
Published: November 2019

Na América do Sul, a atmosfera moderna das ruas largas, luminosas e com edifícios imensos ganha destaque nas revistas ilustradas que circulavam nas primeiras décadas do século XX. Aventureiro, o sujeito moderno também buscava um lugar para aquietar sua natureza do ritmo frenético e pulsante dos centros urbanos. Assim, a beira-mar tornou-se um refúgio da modernidade, onde a alegria, o divertimento e o lazer permeavam os valores de uma vida social, submetidos ao ritmo natural. A partir de duas revistas ilustradas, A Gaivota e Turismo en el Uruguay, periódicos especializados na vida das praias do Atlântico Sul, este artigo revela a importância das revistas ilustradas para difundir a circulação de ideias, motivar a cultura do veraneio, desenvolver os balneários marítimos e o turismo no litoral. Por meio da perspectiva da história cruzada e da analise dos números das revistas entre os anos de 1930 a 1950, objetiva-se mostrar como essas revistas representaram os aspectos da vida nas praias e reforçaram a prática social e cultural do veraneio nos mares do sul.
Entre a invasão dos “capitais alienígenas” e a consolidação da televisão: Imprensa e debates públicos em torno ao acordo Rede Globo/Time-Life, 1964-1967
Authors: Halperin Paula
Published: November 2019

O presente artigo analisa o debate ocorrido na grande imprensa sobre o acordo assinado entre a Rede Globo e o conglomerado norte-americano Time-Life em 1962, iluminando o posicionamento dos jornais dentro da nova e complexa configuração política suscitada pelo golpe militar. O debate originado nos jornais cariocas em 1964 girou em torno à inconstitucionalidade dos investimentos estrangeiros nas empresas jornalísticas nacionais. Carlos Lacerda, então governador da Guanabara, levou adiante uma verdadeira campanha pública de denúncia sobre o assunto, por considerar o acordo antinacional e em violação da Constituição (que proibia grupos estrangeiros de intervir em empresas de comunicação). Em 1966, a discussão pública sobre o assunto tinha se expandido a São Paulo, tendo a pressão exercida pela imprensa alcançado um efeito tal que a Câmara dos Deputados se viu forçada a instalar uma CPI para investigar o dito acordo. Em março de 1967, o governo Castelo Branco declarou infundadas as acusações sobre o caso, arquivando o inquérito. O artigo contribui ao debate sobre a historização do processo político conformado durante esses três primeiros anos de governo e o complexo lugar da imprensa nesse momento fundante de edificação da base autoritária do regime que duraria mais de duas décadas.
A malandragem no país da ditadura: humor, deboche e política no cinema realizado por Hugo Carvana
Authors: Cardenuto Reinaldo
Published: November 2019

Em 1973, após consolidar-se profissionalmente como ator, Hugo Carvana lançou-se à direção de filmes. Propondo um estilo de criação a aproximar heranças artísticas distintas, as chanchadas carnavalescas e o engajamento do Cinema Novo, o cineasta voltou-se para a realização de longas-metragens humorísticos, de comicidade debochada, nos quais estabeleceu leituras críticas ao Brasil da ditadura militar. Influenciado pela dramaturgia de Vianinha, na perspectiva de desnudar contradições sociais presentes no país, Carvana construiu uma filmografia popular, inserida na indústria cultural, a demarcar oposições aos valores do universo burguês. Redigindo roteiros em parceria com Armando Costa, o cineasta dirigiu na década de 1970 as obras Vai trabalhar, vagabundo (1973) e Se segura, malandro (1978), nas quais exercitou uma recusa irônica à ideologia conservadora vinculada ao progresso capitalista e à ética do trabalho. Por meio de um elogio à vigarice e à “boa” malandragem, tratadas como resistência criativa dos desvalidos aos desmandos autoritários, seus filmes propuseram uma abordagem romântica em torno da classe popular, representado-a como orquestradora de um desvio irreverente ao aburguesamento do mundo. Celebrando a sagacidade do povo, Carvana fez do riso um instrumento de refutação às hierarquias sociais, compondo paineis satíricos a expor o mal-estar vivido pela sociedade brasileira em tempos ditatoriais.
Soberania e poder nos reinos de Kent e Nortúmbria na Brittania da Antiguidade Tardia
Authors: Belmaia Nathany Andrea Wagenheimer
Published: November 2019

Os reinos de Kent e da Nortúmbria, que se localizaram respectivamente no sul e norte da Brittania do século VII, desempenharam um importante papel nesse período. Enquanto o primeiro se distinguia pela sua posição geográfica e as vantagens comerciais que isso propiciava, sobretudo por meio das trocas com os francos, o segundo se destacava predominantemente pelo seu poderio militar e reis que conseguiram estabelecer alianças diversas e expandir grandemente o seu território. Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum, escrita pelo monge Beda no século VIII, menciona sete governantes que foram soberanos na Britannia, dentre os quais, um era de Kent, o rei Æthelberht (591–616), e três eram dos reinos que posteriormente se uniram para formar a Nortúmbria, Edwin de Deira (627–32), Oswald da Bernícia (633–41) e Oswiu da Nortúmbria (641–58). À luz das discussões sobre soberania e auctoritas, o objetivo desse trabalho é analisar o contexto histórico-político dos reinos de Kent e da Nortúmbria em um espaço de sessenta anos (ca. 600 – 660), apontar as principais relações de poder, sucessões políticas e demais relações relevantes desse ínterim, a fim de examinar o conceito de soberania para essas localidades.
The concept of human dignity in Cuba’s legal and socio-political reality
Authors: Hamade Sultan , Reiber Karin
Published: November 2019

Este artigo aponta a dar uma explicação detalhada da noção abstrata da dignidade humana e da revolução cubana. Ele tem em conta aspetos legais e sócio-políticos que dão uma imagem completa do tema. O artigo tem um breve antecedente histórico como ponto de partida, onde se explica como as palavras de José Martí, são parte do preâmbulo da Constituição, incorporadas em nesta no 1976. Entre os três heróis mais importantes da revolução cubana se encontram José Marti, Ernesto Che Guevara e Fidel Castro Ruz, portanto, será dada uma explicação de sua noção de dignidade também. Além disso, será explicado como o conceito de dignidade humana é interpretado e executado pelo governo revolucionário de Cuba e do sistema judicial. O artigo afirma que existem três maneiras em que Cuba tem implementado noção de dignidade de Marti: através dos princípios de soberaia, igualdade e desenvolvimento de um sistema político alternativo.
Entre cambios y continuidades: la construcción discursiva de la identidad americana en el Virreinato de Nueva Granada. El caso de El Redactor Americano (1806-1809)
Authors: Ventieri Nicolás
Published: November 2019

O artigo investiga sobre os elementos fundamentais que deram à luz para a promoção e valorização do a originalidade da América Latina e que definiram a identidade do letrado crioulo no vice-reinado de Nova Granada. Centra-se no estudo do editor americano editada por Manuel del Socorro Rodríguez para contabilizar como a imprensa periódica foi transformada em um espaço para discussão de opiniões que adquiriu um caráter político. Em outras palavras, examina como a imprensa foi transformada em um ator político cujos argumentos foram ações refletidas em debates públicos e na criação de debates políticos inovadores. Este trabalho argumenta que a opinião pública não é só a discussão de conceitos europeus na América, mas envolve a elaboração coletiva de reflexões feitas por atores em ambos lados do Atlântico. Em suma, perguntamo-nos como El Redactor Americano nos mostra a configuração discursiva do letrado crioulo no Vice-Reino de Nova Granada em princípios republicanos.
An Examination of Audit Fees for Initial Audit Engagements after the H3C Inspection in French Context
Authors: Azibi Jamel , Grima Catherine , Tondeur Hubert
Published: November 2019

This paper examines the audit fees for initial audit engagements after the H3C inspection in French context through 2008 to 2015. According to the theory, we suppose that audit fees increase after the start of the H3C inspection program. To test our main hypothesis, we use the methodology of the (Desir, Casterella, & Kokina, 2013) and (Huang, Raghunandan, & Rama, 2009) reported on the United States context. Our empirical results demonstrate that the audit fees in French context for the initial audit engagement decreased after the start of the H3C inspection program. Contrary to our prediction, the massive disciplinary sanction associated to the audit fees and the less level of the audit market concentration in France, are two determinants that explain the decrease of the audit fees in this country.
Split-Ticket Voting in Belgium
Authors: Valcke Tony , Verhelst Tom
Published: November 2019

Split-Ticket Voting in Belgium

This article tackles the particular issue of split-ticket voting, which has been largely overlooked in Belgian election studies thus far. We contribute to the literature by answering two particular research questions: (1) to what extent and (2) why do voters cast a different vote in the elections for the provincial council as compared to their vote in the elections for the municipal council?

The article draws on survey data collected via an exit poll in the ‘Belgian Local Elections Study’, a research project conducted by an inter-university team of scholars.

Our analysis shows that nearly 45% of the total research population cast a split-ticket vote in the local elections of 2018. However, this number drops to one out of four if we only consider a homogenous party landscape at both levels by excluding the numerous votes for ‘local’ lists (which occur mostly at the municipal level). This finding underlines the importance of accounting for the electoral and institutional context of the different electoral arenas in research on split-ticket voting in PR systems. In the Belgian context, split-ticket voting in 2018 also differed between the different parties and regions. Furthermore, it was encouraged by a higher level of education and familiarity with particular candidates. This candidate-centred and strategic voting was matched by party identification and the urban municipal context favouring straight-ticket voting. Other factors such as region, a rural municipal context and preferential voting seemed more relevant to determine voting for local parties than using the instrument of split-ticket votes as such.
Fairness in Risk Estimation of Brazilian Public Contracts
Authors: de Lima Órion Darshan Winter , Andrade Nazareno
Published: November 2019

Brazilian government agencies are currently using machine learning models to make public contracts audition through risk estimation. Recent works have shown that decision making models, like risk estimation, may be unfair. Despite the fact that risk estimations of public contracts may be unfair, no studies evaluating model fairness have been found. This work contributes by analysing fairness over risk estimation of brazilian public contract. This article found that currently used models are unfair and biased towards a specific class. This means that people within this class may be negatively affected by these decision making models unfairness through risk estimation of their companies.
BI-RADS Breast Tumor Classification Through Image Mining
Authors: da Silva Valesca J. S. , da Silva Mateus M. R. , Silva Marcelino P. S. , Nogueira Joana R. C.
Published: November 2019

In this article, a computer aided diagnostic system for BI-RADS classification of breast cancer is proposed. The approach involves image processing capabilities to extract features from tumors in mammography and image mining to classify them as BI-RADS 2, BI-RADS 3, BI-RADS 4C or BI-RADS 5. Images from the BCDR repository were used for the experiments. The results showed the efficacy of the proposed method, which classified tumors with considerable accuracy in four BI-RADS categories.
Dense Hierarchy Decomposition for Bipartite Graphs
Authors: Moreira Edré , Campos Guilherme Oliveira , Meira Jr. Wagner
Published: November 2019

Dense subgraphs detection is a well known problem in Computer Science. Hierarchical organization of graphs as dense subgraphs, however, goes beyond simple clustering as it allows the analysis of the network at different scales. Despite the fact there are several works on hierarchical decomposition for unipartite graphs, only a few works for the bipartite case have been proposed. In this work we explore the problem of hierarchical decomposition of bipartite graphs. We propose an algorithm which we call weighted linking that produces denser and more compact hierarchies. The proposed algorithm is evaluated experimentally using several datasets and provided gains on most of them.
Efeitos de sujeição: Programa Ciência sem Fronteiras
Authors: Lingnau Carina Merkle , Navarro Pedro
Published: November 2019

Vivemos em um momento histórico em que a globalização é a palavra de ordem. A busca pelas relações globalizadas exige contato com outros países e preza pela internacionalização. Essa internacionalização aciona conexões no campo educacional, social, econômico, jurídico, entre outros. Nessa parceria entre globalização e internacionalização que ora são complementares, ora sinonímias, ocorre simultaneamente outra parceria: poder-saber.  É nesse clima de globalização/internacionalização, poder-saber que o Programa Ciência sem Fronteiras (CsF) é idealizado e politicamente instituído pelo governo brasileiro nas instituições de ensino superior (IES). O objetivo deste artigo é refletir sobre os efeitos de governamentalidade percebidos nos discursos produzidos sobre o CsF nas sequências enunciativas (SEs) do corpus elencado para esse artigo. Como metodologia utilizamos levantamento bibliográfico, pesquisa documental, entrevistas narrativas (BAUER GASKEL, 2002) e método arquegenealógico (FOUCAULT, 1999, 2008a, 2014a). Nossas discussões têm suporte teórico em Foucault (1995, 1999, 2008a, 2008b, 2008a ,2014b, 2015a, 2015b), Veiga-Neto (1999), Veyne (2011), Bauman (1999), entre outros. Percebemos que os efeitos de sujeição nas SEs analisadas divergem das proposições sugeridas pelo CsF, divergências essas que se materializam na dificuldade dos envolvidos no CsF com o uso da língua inglesa e por consequência o obstáculo em fazer parte efetivamente de pesquisa e extensão.
O planejamento docente e a avaliação: uma reflexão sobre os seus reflexos na repetência escolar dos alunos das escolas do I Ciclo em Cabinda/Angola
Authors: Mavungo Fernando Abel
Published: November 2019

Este artigo versa sobre o planejamento docente, a avaliação e a repetência escolar, ecoando as preocupações da sociedade cabindense, concernentes ao elevado número de alunos que reprovam de classe. O objetivo que o norteia busca a partir da análise das publicações relacionadas com essas três categorias, refletir sobre o que é dito e o que é feito em suas ocorrências nas escolas do I Ciclo em Cabinda e sobre os seus reflexos na realidade escolar dos alunos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa bibliográfica, cujos objetos de análise e reflexão foram os documentos oficiais do Ministério da Educação, livros e artigos produzidos por pesquisadores locais e estrangeiros, assim como alguns trabalhos feitos por professores que lecionam nesse ciclo. Neste estudo ficou notório que, embora as pesquisas mostram a relevância desses instrumentos no êxito do processo pedagógico, os mesmos no cotidiano de muitos professores dessas escolas não passam de simples formalidade, ao carecer das ações concretas que situam os seus alunos no cerne das atividades que são planejadas, executadas e avaliadas nas salas de aulas, tendo-os como sujeitos concretos. Reconhece-se que para um maior afloramento das questões que foram levantadas nessa pesquisa, precisa-se de mais estudos, visando subsidiar a atuação desses professores nos seus planejamentos e nas suas avaliações. Neste estudo concluiu-se que a qualidade do planejamento diário dos professores do I ciclo tem reflexos nos resultados das avaliações dos alunos e incidem nos índices da repetência escolar que são observados nessas escolas.
The first North AmericanPropterodon(Hyaenodonta: Hyaenodontidae), a new species from the late Uintan of Utah
Authors: Zack Shawn P.
Published: November 2019

The carnivorous mammalian fauna from the Uintan (late middle Eocene) of North America remains relatively poorly documented. This is unfortunate, as this is a critical interval in the transition from “creodont” to carnivoran dominated carnivore guilds. This study reports a new species from the Uinta Formation of the Uinta Basin, Utah, the first North American species of the otherwise Asian hyaenodont genusPropterodon. The new species,Propterodon witteri, represented by a dentary with M2-3from the late Uintan Leota Quarry, is larger than the well-knownP. morrisiandP. tongiand has a larger M3talonid, but is otherwise very similar. A phylogenetic analysis of hyaenodont interrelationships recoversP. witterias a hyaenodontine but is generally poorly resolved. A relationship between Hyaenodontinae andOxyaenoides, recovered by many recent analyses, is not supported. Among the Asian species ofPropterodon,P. pishigouensisis reidentified as a machaeroidine oxyaenid and recombined asApataelurus pishigouensisnew combination.Isphanatherium ferganensismay also represent an Asian machaeroidine. Identification of a North American species ofPropterodonand an AsianApataelurusincreases the similarity of North American Uintan and Asian Irdinmanhan faunas and suggests that there was substantial exchange of carnivorous fauna during the late middle Eocene.
PENGEMBANGAN PAUD MELALUI PELATIHAN KETERAMPILAN & KREATIVITAS DI KELURAHAN SIWALANKERTO, KECAMATAN WONOCOLO, SURABAYA
Authors: Wibowo Mariana , Gunawan Astri Indrawati , Priadi Yiawla Ismarch
Published: November 2019

Para guru (bunda) Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD) diharapkan memiliki kemampuan untuk membuat seorang anak nyaman di PAUD, mampu memberikan pendidikan yang sesuai dengan perkembangan kecerdasan si anak serta dapat mengembangkan metode dan media belajar untuk anak usia dini secara tepat dan efisien. Stimulus yang diberikan bunda PAUD melalui kegiatan bermain sambil belajar, membuat anak dapat menyerap ilmu dan mengembangkan potensinya, sehingga memiliki kualitas yang bagus, cerdas berkarakter, berani, kreatif berkepribadian dan berakhlak mulia, untuk akhirnya siap menempuh pendidikan ke jenjang yang lebih tinggi. Disinilah letak penting peran bunda PAUD dalam membimbing anak didiknya guna mengembangkan potensi yang dimiliki si anak dengan memanfaatkan momentum masa keemasan perkembangan otaknya dengan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan yang dimiliki para bunda PAUD serta melatih motoric dan sensorik anak usia dini. Untuk menjawab kebutuhan inilah, Program studi Desain Interior Universitas Kristen Petra mengadakan kegiatan pelatihan keterampilan membuat art & craft tangan dan elemen desain interior melalui kegiatan abdimas (Pengabdian Masyarakat) dengan memberikan pelayanan kepada masyarakat, khususnya bagi bunda-bunda PAUD di Kelurahan Siwalankerto, Surabaya. Pada pelaksanaan kegiatan Abdimas ini, subyek pelatihan dilatih untuk mampu mengembangkan ketrampilan dan kreatifitas bunda PAUD dalam membuat beberapa produk dengan memanfaatkan material yang mudah ditemukan dan ekonomis di lingkungan sekitar. Hasil produk ketrampilan bunda PAUD ini dapat digunakan untuk pengembangan desain interior ruang PAUD di Siwalankerto, Surabaya
Firing of Maine OTP official calls attention to role of whistleblowers
Authors: Enos Gary
Published: November 2019

A Maine methadone treatment program director's firing that appears headed toward a court battle has placed the spotlight on the role of whistleblowers in bringing troubling conditions in health care operations to light.
Catalytic Interfaces‐Enriched Hybrid Hollow Spheres Sulfur Host for Advanced Li–S Batteries
Authors: Yang Jin‐Lin , Zhao Shi‐Xi , Zeng Xiang‐Tian , Lu Yi‐Ming , Cao Guo‐zhong
Published: November 2019

Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries are considered as a promising next‐generation energy storage technology due to its high energy density over 2500 Wh kg−1 and low cost. Its development and application require to overcome several obstacles including the large volume change, the low electrical conductivity of S/Li2S, and the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LIPSs). In this work, the hollow N‐doped carbon spheres (NHCS) decorated with nanosized SnS2 (NHCS‐SnS2) are synthesized and investigated to host sulfur used as the cathode for Li–S batteries. Highly conductive NHCS offer a large specific surface area and robust confinement for active material S, while SnS2 nanoparticles provide efficient chemisorption of LIPSs and promote the deposition of solid Li2S. The NHCS‐SnS2/S cathode materials deliver a high discharge capacity 1344 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C and a low capacity decay over 200 cycles at 0.5 C. The outstanding cycling stability at 0.2 C with high sulfur loading of 3.0–3.1 mg cm−2 can also be readily attained. The excellent electrochemical performance is attributed to possible triple phase catalytic effect of NHCS‐SnS2 and electrolyte, and such structure permits the full utilization of active materials from S8 to Li2S.
Solvent Dependent Divergent Reactivity of Electron‐Rich Dienones with and without Visible Light: Access to Cyclopropanated Furans and Butenolides
Authors: Saha Jayanta , Das Indrajit
Published: November 2019

Visible light excitation of electron‐rich dienones in isopropanol solvent under ambient conditions using hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) as an additive promotes intramolecular radical cascade cyclization to afford cyclopropanated furans. Molecular dioxygen in the air serves as a redox catalyst in this reaction which is proposed to proceed through a radical cation intermediate generated by single‐electron transfer (SET) from a phototransient dienone to oxygen. By changing the solvent from isopropanol to HFIP, exclusive formation of substituted butenolides occurs via ionic cascade cyclization involving E→Z isomerization/lactonization/thiolate addition. HFIP is assumed to act as a medium, hydrogen bond donor catalyst, and a Lewis acid substitute as well. This reaction may be conducted even in the absence of light and no catalyst or reagent is required.

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PEDOT‐Cellulose Gas Diffusion Electrodes for Disposable Fuel Cells
Authors: Mitraka Evangelia , Vagin Mikhail , Sjöstedt Anna , Berggren Magnus , Håkansson Karl M. O. , Jonsson Magnus P. , Crispin Xavier
Published: November 2019

The mass implementation of renewable energy sources is limited by the lack of energy storage solutions operating on various timescales. Electrochemical technologies such as supercapacitors and batteries cannot handle long storage time because of self‐discharge issues. The combination of fuel storage technology and fuel cells is an attractive solution for long storage times. In that context, large‐scale fuel cell solutions are required for massive energy storage in cities, which leads to possible concepts such as low‐cost disposable fully organic membrane assemblies in fuel cells to avoid regeneration of expensive poisoned electrodes. Here, the formation of an organic gas diffusion electrode (GDE) fabricated by paper‐making production, combined with in situ polymerization is demonstrated for the first time. Cellulose is used as a 3D scaffold functionalized with poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) serving as both an electrical conductor and an electrocatalyst of high efficiency for the oxygen reduction reaction. The PEDOT‐cellulose porous GDE is implemented in a membrane assembly and demonstrated in a H2‐O2fuel cell. The demonstration of low‐cost material/manufacturing that is environmentally friendly is a paradigm shift in the development of fuel cells for a sustainable society.
Nanostructured Nickel/Ruthenium/Ruthenium‐Oxide Supercapacitor Displaying Exceptional High Frequency Response
Authors: Morag Ahiud , Maman Nitzan , Froumin Natalya , Ezersky Vladimir , Rechav Katya , Jelinek Raz
Published: November 2019

The lower performance of pseudocapacitive supercapacitors in high‐frequency applications such as alternating current (AC) line filtering has been ascribed to presumed slow kinetics of redox processes compared to ion diffusion in electric double layer capacitors. A nickel‐deposited ruthenium/ruthenium‐oxide symmetric supercapacitor exhibiting remarkable electrochemical properties, particularly very high frequency response (>1 kHz) is developed. The electrodes are prepared via a simple process consisting of electrochemical reduction of ruthenium chloride on commercially available nickel foil as the current collector. A symmetric supercapacitor comprising nickel/ruthenium/ruthenium‐oxide electrodes and a polystyrene‐based thin spacer exhibits particularly fast scan rates, high power density of 1500 mW cm−2 (88 kW cm−3) with a maximum energy density of 0.58 µWh cm−2 (34 mWh cm−3), and excellent capacitance retention. Notably, supercapacitors prepared by the same synthetic method albeit using conventional gold substrate instead of nickel exhibit significantly lower frequency response. The exceptional electrochemical properties of the nickel/ruthenium/ruthenium‐oxide supercapacitor and simple electrode synthesis point to promising applicability in AC line filtering and power conditioning. In a broader context, this work demonstrates that, contrary to the widely held presumption, the kinetics of redox reactions at the active layers of pseudocapacitors may not be the primary barriers to high‐frequency applications.
Management of orbital invasion in sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma: 15 years’ experience
Authors: Li Ruichen , Tian Shu , Zhu Yi , Zhu Wenjia , Wang Shengzi
Published: November 2019

Background

This study was intended to review our management strategy for sinonasal squamous cell carcinomas (SNSCCs) with orbital invasion and to explore the role of radiotherapy in orbital preservation.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed 93 SNSCC patients with orbital invasion who underwent radiotherapy with or without surgery over the past 15 years. The degree of orbital invasion was classified into 3 grades.

Results

Eighty‐eight patients presented with T4 tumors and 36 had grade III orbital invasion. Seventy‐two patients received surgery plus radiation and 67 received platinum‐based chemotherapy. The median follow‐up for surviving patients was 60 months. Five‐year overall survival (OS) for the whole group was 57.4%. The patients treated with surgery plus radiation had a 5‐year survival rate of 62.2% and orbital preservation was feasible in 90.3% of cases. Twenty‐one patients with SNSCCs that extended into the extraocular muscles or eye globe also underwent orbital preservation. Five‐year locoregional relapse‐free survival (LRFS) was 69.5% for patients treated with orbital preservation and 57.1% for those treated with orbital exenteration, indicating no statistical difference. Five‐year survival, 5‐year progression‐free survival (PFS), and 5‐year distant metastasis‐free survival (DMFS) were similar between groups. Grade III orbital invasion was independently associated with shorter OS, LRFS, PFS, and DMFS.

Conclusion

Orbital invasion in grade III was associated with the worst survival outcomes. Invasion of either the extraocular muscles or eye globe is not a contraindication for eye‐sparing surgery. Preoperative chemoradiation continues to offer hope to patients with a strong desire to preserve their eyes.
Field Performance of High Oleic Soybeans with Mutant FAD2‐1A and FAD2‐1B Genes in Tennessee
Authors: Darr Lauren , Cunicelli Mia , Bhandari Hem , Bilyeu Kristin , Chen Feng , Hewezi Tarek , Li Zenglu , Sams Carl , Pantalone Vince
Published: November 2019

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] oil with high oleic acid (>75%) has increased oxidative stability and health benefits that are valuable for food, fuel, and industrial products. It has been determined that two naturally occurring mutations in genes FAD2‐1A and FAD2‐1B can combine to produce high oleic soybeans. The objective of this study was to test the effect of these mutant alleles on seed yield and oil and protein concentration. Molecular markers assisted in the creation of a population of 48 BC3F2:4 lines (93.75% expected genome commonality). Each line was classified into one of four genotypic groups where both FAD2‐1A and FAD2‐1B genes were either homozygous wild type or mutant, respectively. Twelve lines for each genotypic group were evaluated in three replications at six locations across Tennessee. There was no seed yield difference between the high oleic genotypic group and the other groups (P < 0.05). On the other hand, there were differences in fatty acid profiles and oil and protein concentrations. In combination, the mutant FAD2‐1A and FAD2‐1B alleles produced a mean of 803.1 g kg−1 oleic acid. This is, on average, approximately 500 g kg−1 more oleic acid compared to soybean lines with only one mutant FAD2‐1 allele. The high oleic double mutant group had more total oil (228.0 g kg−1) and protein (401.0 g kg−1) compared to all other genotypic groups (P < 0.05). Overall, this specific combination of mutant FAD2‐1A and FAD2‐1B alleles appears to generate conventional high oleic soybeans without a yield drag.
Additive Fertigung im Bauwesen: erste 3‐D‐gedruckte und bewehrte Betonbauteile im Shotcrete‐3‐D‐Printing‐Verfahren (SC3DP)
Authors: Kloft Harald , Hack Norman , Mainka Jeldrik , Brohmann Leon , Herrmann Eric , Ledderose Lukas , Lowke Dirk
Published: November 2019

Mit dem 3‐D‐Drucken (Additive Fertigung) steht eine digital gesteuerte Fertigungstechnologie bereit, die das Potenzial hat, spezifisch für das Bauwesen entwickelt, zu einer Schlüsseltechnologie für die Digitalisierung der Bauwirtschaft zu werden. Bei der Additiven Fertigung erfolgt der Bauteilaufbau allein durch einen digital gesteuerten, schichtenweisen Werkstoffauftrag, ohne Formenbau oder Umformprozesse. Dies stellt einen Paradigmenwechsel zu den noch überwiegend handwerklichen, formgebenden Bauprozessen dar. Um das Potenzial dieser Technologie voll auszuschöpfen, müssen Strukturdesign, Materialverhalten und Fertigungsprozess integrativ aufeinander abgestimmt werden. Dies ermöglicht Bauwerke von hoher Gestaltungsfreiheit und einen ressourceneffizienten Einsatz von Werkstoffen. Am Institut für Tragwerksentwurf (ITE) und am Institut für Baustoffe, Massivbau und Brandschutz (iBMB) der TU Braunschweig wird seit mehreren Jahren an Verfahren für den 3‐D‐Druck von großformatigen Betonbauteilen geforscht. In einem interdisziplinären Verbundvorhaben wurde das sog. Shotcrete‐3‐D‐Printing‐Verfahren (SC3DP) entwickelt. Bei der SC3DP‐Technologie handelt es sich um ein automatisiertes robotisches, additives Fertigungsverfahren, das Betonbauteile unter kontrollierter Zugabe von Druckluft Schicht für Schicht aufbaut. In dem vorliegenden Bericht werden erste 3‐D‐gedruckte und bewehrte Betonbauteile vorgestellt, die das Potenzial der SC3DP‐Technologie aufzeigen.
Freie Wahl – das Projekt bestimmt die Planungsmethode
Authors: Scheible Florian , Peter Boris
Published: November 2019

Im Windschatten der Digitalisierung hat sich ein Trend zu einer präzisen Regelung und Normierung einzelner Planungsschritte entwickelt – weg von einem Werksverständnis, bei dem der Werkerfolg im Vordergrund steht und die Planungsmethode selbst den Planern überlassen ist. Nach einer Umfrage des DIN 2017 haben ca. 85 % der Befragten die Entwicklung neuer Normen als „sehr dringend“ oder „dringend“ eingestuft. Diese Normen werden den Planungsteams in Zukunft die Planungsmethode vorgeben. Gerade die freiberuflichen Planer müssten sich an der Ausgestaltung dieser Normen und der damit verbundenen Frage „Wie wollen wir in Zukunft planen?“stärker beteiligen. Für den Flughafen in Shenzhen, die Nachhallgalerie der Staatsoper Unter den Linden in Berlin, den mehrgeschossigen Holzbau The Cradle in Düsseldorf und die neue Elefantenwelt in Stuttgart hat das Büro Knippers Helbig mit seinen Planungspartnern projektspezifische Prozessketten entwickelt, die nicht normativ erfassbar sind.
Stability‐indicating HPLC method for acyclovir and lidocaine in topical formulations
Authors: Mulabagal Vanisree , Annaji Manjusha , Kurapati Sharmila , Dash Ranjeet Prasad , Srinivas Nuggehally R. , Tiwari Amit K. , Babu R. Jayachandra
Published: November 2019

A simple, rapid and accurate stability‐indicating HPLC assay was developed for the determination of acyclovir and lidocaine in topical formulations. Chromatographic separation of acyclovir and lidocaine was achieved using a reversed‐phase C18 column and a gradient mobile phase (20 mm ammonium acetate pH 3.5 in water and acetonitrile). The degradation products of acyclovir and lidocaine in the samples were analyzed by ultra performance liquid chromatography‐time of flight mass spectrometry. The HPLC method successfully resolved the analytes from the impurities and degradation products in the topical formulation. Furthermore, the method detected the analytes from the human skin leachables following the extraction of the analytes in the skin homogenate samples. The method showed linearity over wide ranges of 5–500 and 10–200 μg/ml for acyclovir and lidocaine in the topical product, respectively, with a correlation coefficient (r2) >0.9995. The relative standard deviations for precision, repeatability, and robustness of the method validation assays were <2%. The skin extraction efficiency for acyclovir and lidocaine was 92.8 ± 0.7% and 91.3 ± 3.2%, respectively, with no interference from the skin leachables. Thus, simultaneous quantification of acyclovir and lidocaine in the topical formulations was achieved.
Diterpenoids from Euphorbia neriifolia and Their Related Anti‐HIV and Cytotoxic Activity
Authors: Li Jian‐Chun , Feng Xiao‐Yi , Liu Dan , Zhang Zhi‐Jun , Chen Xuan‐Qin , Li Rong‐Tao , Li Hong‐Mei
Published: November 2019

Fifteen diterpenoids (1–15), including three undescribed ones with ent‐atisane skeleton, eupnerias G–I (1–3), were obtained from Euphorbia neriifolia. Compounds 1–3 were established through comprehensive spectroscopic analysis. Compounds 4 and 5 exhibited obvious anti‐HIV‐1 effect, and their EC50 were 6.6±3.2 and 6.4±2.5 μg mL−1, respectively. Compound 6 exhibited moderate cytotoxicity on HepG2 and HepG2/Adr cells with IC50 at 13.70 and 15.57 μm, respectively. In addition, compound 15 exhibited significant cytotoxicity on HepG2 cell lines (IC50=0.01 μm), while it did not show any cytotoxicity against HepG2/Adr cell lines.
Sustainable and Affordable Chemistry
Authors: Braje Wilfried , Gallou Fabrice , Handa Sachin , Tang Wenjun
Published: November 2019

The Special Issue on Sustainable and Affordable Chemistry to Meet Future Challenges in the Pharmaceutical Industry illustrates the hopes within the field of catalysis. With spectacular reports based on transition‐metal catalysis, biocatalysis, photoredox catalysis, organocatalysis, hybrid, or combined catalysis, utilizing sustainable media especially chemistry in water and flow chemistry, we hope to inspire others to join the quest for a more sustainable future.
Enzymatic racemization of alcohols and amines: An approach for bi‐enzymatic dynamic kinetic resolution
Authors: Musa Musa M.
Published: November 2019

Racemization is the key step to turn a kinetic resolution (KR), which suffers from the well‐known drawback of being limited to a maximum yield of 50% with high enantiopurity, into a dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) process. Enzyme‐based racemization of enantiopure alcohols and amines has gained significant interest in recent years. This review covers recent advances in enzyme‐based racemization approaches and their potential applications in bi‐enzymatic DKR.
The enantiomer pair of 24S‐ and 24R‐hydroxycholesterol differentially alter activity of large‐conductance Ca2+‐dependent K+ (slo1 BK) channel
Authors: Liu Xiaoyan , Tajima Nobuyoshi , Taniguchi Makoto , Kato Nobuo
Published: November 2019

24S‐hydroxycholesterol (HC) is most abundant oxysterols in the brain, passes through blood brain barrier, and is therefore regarded as an intermediary for brain cholesterol elimination. We reported that large‐conductance Ca2+‐ and voltage‐activated K+ (slo1 BK) channels are suppressed by this oxysterol, which is presumably intercalated into cell membrane to access the outer surface of the channel. Such an outer approach would make it difficult to interact with the inner, ion‐conducting part of the channel. The present findings showed that 24R‐HC, the racemic counterpart of 24S‐HC, also suppressed slo1 BK channel but in a different voltage‐dependent manner. There was a difference between the effects of the two enantiomers on activation kinetics but not on deactivation kinetics. It is suggested that the chirality contributes to the efficacy of channel blockers that act from outer lipophilic parts of channels, as with those which act on the inner, ion‐permeable surface.
DIY Construction of a Digital Low‐Cost Photometer For the Chemistry Classroom
Authors: Witte Thomas , Hanemann Stefan , Sommerfeld Herbert , Temmen Katrin , Fechner Sabine
Published: November 2019

Im vorliegenden Artikel wird ein preisgünstiges Fotometer zum Selbstbau vorgestellt, das in Zusammenarbeit von Chemie‐ und Technikdidaktik entwickelt wurde und einen modernen Stand der Technik repräsentiert. Ziel der Konstruktion war es, Chemie‐Fachschaften an Schulen ein robustes und reparierbares Gerät zur Verfügung zu stellen, das in der Anschaffung nur einen Bruchteil des Preises eines kommerziellen Fotometers kostet und außerdem zuverlässige Messdaten erzeugt. Die beigefügte Anleitung erklärt Schritt für Schritt auf leicht verständliche Weise den Zusammenbau des Gerätes, so dass dieses beispielsweise auch im Rahmen einer AG in 4–5 Doppelstunden mit Schülerinnen und Schülern durchführbar ist oder selbst zusammengebaut werden kann. In einer Fortbildung wurden bereits 15 Geräte erfolgreich konstruiert und befinden sich im Betrieb an den Schulen der Region.
Nanotechnology in Student Lab and School – Experimental Approach to Everyday Nanotechnological Facets
Authors: Reimann Maria , Herzog Stefanie , Parchmann Ilka , Schwarzer Stefan
Published: November 2019

Außerschulische Lernorte sind in ganz Deutschland weit verbreitet und vielfach vertreten. Eines dieser Angebote bilden MINT‐Schülerlabore, welche aufgrund ihrer thematischen Unabhängigkeit vom Schulcurriculum eine bereichernde Ergänzung zum MINT‐Schulunterricht darstellen. Hierdurch können auch weiterführende, hoch aktuelle und komplexere naturwissenschaftliche Inhaltsgebiete in einer authentischen Umgebung schülergerecht thematisiert und diskutiert werden. In diesem Artikel wird das Schülerlaborprogramm nawi:klick! der Kieler Forschungswerkstatt vorgestellt, welches sich mit der Darbietung nanotechnologischer Inhalte und der Präsenz der Nanowissenschaften im alltäglichen Leben beschäftigt. In einer flankierenden Befragung konnte gezeigt werden, dass das Angebot eine hohe Vermittlung von Fachwissen sowie experimenteller Kompetenzen bietet und die gewünschte hohe Alltagsrelevanz wahrgenommen wird.
Difference in left atrial appendage remodeling between diabetic and nondiabetic patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Yosefy Chaim , Pery Marina , Nevzorov Roman , Piltz Xavier , Osherov Azriel , Jafari Jamal , Beeri Ronen , Gallego‐Colon Enrique , Daum Aner , Khalameizer Vladimir
Published: November 2019

Background

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common and increasingly prevalent condition in patients with atrial fibrillation (AFib). The left atrium appendage (LAA), a small outpouch from the LA, is the most common location for thrombus formation in patients with AFib.

Hypothesis

In this study, we examined LAA remodeling differences between diabetic and nondiabetic patients with AFib.

Methods

This retrospective study analyzed data from 242 subjects subdivided into two subgroups of 122 with DM (diabetic group) and 120 without DM (nondiabetic group). The study group underwent real‐time 3‐dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (RT3DTEE) for AFib ablation, cardioversion, or LAA device closure. The LAA dimensions were measured using the “Yosefy rotational 3DTEE method.”

Results

The RT3DTEE analysis revealed that diabetic patients display larger LAA diameters, D1‐lengh (2.09 ± 0.50 vs 1.88 ± 0.54 cm, P = .003), D2‐width (1.70 ± 0.48 vs 1.55 ± 0.55 cm, P = .024), D3‐depth (2.21 ± 0.75 vs 1.99 ± 0.65 cm, P = .017), larger orifice areas (2.8 ± 1.35 and 2.3 ± 1.49 cm2, P = .004), and diminished orifice flow velocity (37.3 ± 17.6 and 43.7 ± 19.5 cm/sec, P = .008).

Conclusions

Adverse LAA remodeling in DM patients with AFib is characterized by significantly LAA orifice enlargement and reduced orifice flow velocity. Analysis of LAA geometry and hemodynamics may have clinical implications in thrombotic risk assessment and treatment of DM patients with AFib.
Stop using expired plasma for cell blocks
Authors: Balassanian Ronald , Ng Dianna L. , van Zante Annemieke
Published: November 2019

In this issue of Cancer Cytopathology, Sung et al demonstrate that expired plasma contains DNA and is, therefore, not suitable for cell blocks. The use of expired plasma for cell blocks must stop.
Overlapping communications in gyrokinetic codes on accelerator‐based platforms
Authors: Asahi Yuuichi , Latu Guillaume , Bigot Julien , Maeyama Shinya , Grandgirard Virginie , Idomura Yasuhiro
Published: November 2019

Communication and computation overlapping techniques have been introduced in the five‐dimensional gyrokinetic codes GYSELA and GKV. In order to anticipate some of the exa‐scale requirements, these codes were ported to the modern accelerators, Xeon Phi KNL and Tesla P 100 GPU. On accelerators, a serial version of GYSELA on KNL and GKV on GPU are respectively 1.3× and 7.4× faster than those on a single Skylake processor (a single socket). For the scalability, we have measured GYSELA performance on Xeon Phi KNL from 16 to 512 KNLs (1024 to 32k cores) and GKV performance on Tesla P 100 GPU from 32 to 256 GPUs. In their parallel versions, transpose communication in semi‐Lagrangian solver in GYSELA or Convolution kernel in GKV turned out to be a main bottleneck. This indicates that in the exa‐scale, the network constraints would be critical. In order to mitigate the communication costs, the pipeline and task‐based overlapping techniques have been implemented in these codes. The GYSELA 2D advection solver has achieved a 33% to 92% speed up, and the GKV 2D convolution kernel has achieved a factor of 2 speed up with pipelining. The task‐based approach gives 11% to 82% performance gain in the derivative computation of the electrostatic potential in GYSELA. We have shown that the pipeline‐based approach is applicable with the presence of symmetry, while the task‐based approach can be applicable to more general situations.
Egg laying rather than host quality or host feeding experience drives habitat estimation in the parasitic wasp Nasonia vitripennis
Authors: Koppik Mareike , Thiel Andra , Hoffmeister Thomas S.
Published: November 2019

In variable environments, sampling information on habitat quality is essential for making adaptive foraging decisions. In insect parasitoids, females foraging for hosts have repeatedly been shown to employ behavioral strategies that are in line with predictions from optimal foraging models. Yet, which cues exactly are employed to sample information on habitat quality has rarely been investigated. Using the gregarious parasitoid Nasonia vitripennis (Walker; Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), we provided females with different cues about hosts to elucidate, which of them would change a wasp's posterior behavior suggesting a change in information status. We employed posterior clutch size decisions on a host as proxy for a female's estimation of habitat quality. Taking into account changes in physiological state of the foraging parasitoid, we tested whether different host qualities encountered previously change the subsequent clutch size decision in females. Additionally, we investigated whether other kinds of positive experiences—such as ample time to investigate hosts, host feeding, or egg laying—would increase a wasp's estimated value of habitat quality. Contrary to our expectations, quality differences in previously encountered hosts did not affect clutch size decisions. However, we found that prior egg laying experience changes posterior egg allocation to a host, indicating a change in female information status. Host feeding and the time available for host inspection, though correlated with egg laying experience, did not seem to contribute to this change in information status.
Differential roles of species richness versus species asynchrony in regulating community stability along a precipitation gradient
Authors: Chi Yonggang , Xu Zhuwen , Zhou Lei , Yang Qingpeng , Zheng Shuxia , Li Shao‐peng
Published: November 2019

Plant community may provide products and services to humans. However, patterns and drivers of community stability along a precipitation gradient remain unclear. A regional‐scale transect survey was conducted over a 3‐year period from 2013 to 2015, along a precipitation gradient from 275 to 555 mm and spanning 440 km in length from west to east in a temperate semiarid grassland of northern China, a central part of the Eurasian steppe. Our study provided regional‐scale evidence that the community stability increased with increasing precipitation in the semiarid ecosystem. The patterns of community stability along a precipitation gradient were ascribed to community composition and community dynamics, such as species richness and species asynchrony, rather than the abiotic effect of precipitation. Species richness regulated the temporal mean (μ) of aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP), while species asynchrony regulated the temporal standard deviation (σ) of ANPP, which in turn contributed to community stability. Our findings highlight the crucial role of community composition and community dynamics in regulating community stability under climate change.
Electrophoresis of spherical soft particles in electrolyte solutions: A review
Authors: Ashrafizadeh Seyed Nezameddin , Seifollahi Zahra , Ganjizade Ardalan , Sadeghi Arman
Published: November 2019

Theories on the electrophoresis of spherical soft particles suspended in an electrolyte solution are thoroughly reviewed. The review predominantly covers studies on the electrophoresis in dilute and concentrated suspensions as well as bounded media, carried out mainly during the past two decades. Moreover, studies on the electrostatics of soft particles are also surveyed. Finally, the research gaps and prospects of the electrophoresis of soft particles are presented.
Organic–Inorganic Copper (II)‐Based Perovskites: A Benign Approach toward Low‐Toxicity and Water‐Stable Light Absorbers for Photovoltaic Applications
Authors: Ahmad Khursheed , Mobin Shaikh M.
Published: November 2019

Organometal halide perovskites, in particular lead (Pb)‐based ones, are the most promising light absorbers for thin‐film solar cells. Despite the power conversion efficiencies of Pb‐based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) increasing from 3% to a certified efficiency of 23%, some serious issues need to be addressed to commercialize these solar cells, mainly, the presence of Pb and its moisture sensitivity. Herein, highly stable organic–inorganic copper (II)‐based perovskites are reported as alternatives to the existing Pb perovskites by introducing a novel architecture of mesoscopic PSCs. Apart from a remarkable open circuit voltage of 370 mV with a power conversion efficiency of 0.63%, the present PSCs shows excellent water stability and optoelectronic properties for photovoltaic applications.