bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analytical Prediction of Multi-Phase Texture in Laser Powder Bed Fusion
Authors: Huang Wei , Standish Mike , Wang Wenjia , Ning Jinqiang , Cai Linger , Gao Ruoqi , Garmestani Hamid , Liang Steven Y.
Published: September 2024

For advancing manufacturing, arising AM, with an inverse philosophical approach compared to conventional procedures, has benefits that include intricate fabrication, reduced material waste, flexible design, and more. Regardless of its potential, AM must overcome several challenges due to multi-physical processes with miscellaneous physical stimuli in diverse materials systems and situations, such as anisotropic microstructure and mechanical properties, a restricted choice of materials, defects, and high cost. Unlike conventional experimental work that requires extensive trial and error resources and FEM, which generally consumes substantial computational power, the analytical approach based on physics is an exceptional choice. Understanding the relationship between the microstructure and material properties of the fabricated parts is a crucial focus in AM research. Texture is a vital factor in almost every modern industry. This study first proposed a physics-based model to foreshadow the multi-phase crystallographic orientation distribution in Ti-6Al-4V LPBF while considering the part boundary conditions due to the importance of part geometry in real industry. The thermal distribution obtained from this function operates as the information for the single-phase crystallographic texture model. In this model, we forerun and validate the orientations of single-phase materials utilizing three Euler Angles with the principles of CET and thermodynamics, as well as the intensity of the texture by approximating them with published results. Then, we transform the single-phase texture into a dual-phase texture in Bunge calculation, illustrating visualized by pole figures of both BCC and HCP phases. This texture evolution model provides a new paradigm for future researchers to model the texture or microstructure evolution semi-analytically and save many computational resources in a real-world perspective. Others have not yet done this work about simulating the multi-phase texture in an analytical approach, so this work bridges the gap in this field. Furthermore, this paper establishes the foundation for future research on materials properties affected by microstructure or texture in academic and industrial environments. The precision and dependability of the results obtained through this method make it a valuable tool for ongoing research and advancement.
Acceptance Sampling Plans Based on Conformance Probability—Inspection of Lots and Processes by Attributes
Authors: Uhlig Steffen , Colson Bertrand , Kissling Roger , Ellis Sam , Hicks Mike , Vandenbemden John , Pennecchi Francesca , Göb Rainer , Gowik Petra
Published: September 2024

A novel approach for designing acceptance sampling plans is presented. It is based on the Bayesian conformity assessment framework from JCGM 106. In particular, the concept of conformance probability plays a central role in the new approach. The new approach takes into account both the producer's and the consumer's perspective by allowing each to have their own prior. In parallel, the JCGM 106 framework allows the definition of Bayesian consumer's and producer's risks which complement the "classical" risks defined in the ISO 2859 and ISO 3951 series. The new approach also casts a new light on the plans from the ISO standards.
Investigation of Various Toxigenic Genes, Antibiotic and Disinfectant Resistance Profiles in Staphylococcus aureus Originating from Raw Milk
Authors: Bayrakal Gulay Merve , Aydin Ali
Published: September 2024

This study investigated the toxigenic genes and antimicrobial resistance profiles Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from 260 raw milk samples collected from dairy farms in Türkiye. Results indicated that 60.7% of staphylococcal enterotoxin genes (sea, seb, sed, seg, sei, sej, sek, seq, sem, seo, and seu) and 21.4% of the tst and eta genes were positive, with most enterotoxin-positive samples carrying more than one gene. The genes sec, see, seh, sel, sen, sep, and etb were not identified in any samples. The prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes (mecA, blaR, blaI, blaZ, vanA, ermT, tetK, aac/aph, ant, dfrA, tcaR, IS256, and IS257) was high at 89.2%, with bla being the most frequently detected gene (75%). The mecA gene was present in 14.2% of samples, while tcaR was detected in 78.5%. Nevertheless, the mecC was not identified. Disinfectant resistance genes (qacA/B, qacC, qacJ, smr) were detected in 21.4% of the samples. The results of the disc diffusion test showed that 64% of strains were resistant to penicillin G and ampicillin, with additional resistance found for cefoxitin, teicoplanin, levofloxacin, norfloxacin, and other antibiotics. These findings highlight a significant public health and food safety risk associated with raw milk due to the presence of S. aureus strains with toxigenic genes and high antimicrobial resistance.
Quantitative Multi-Parametric MRI of the Prostate Reveals Racial Differences
Authors: Chatterjee Aritrick , Fan Xiaobing , Slear Jessica , Asare Greg , Yousuf Ambereen , Medved Milica , Antic Tatjana , Eggener Scott , Karczmar Gregory S , Oto Aytekin
Published: September 2024

This study investigated whether quantitative MRI and histology of the prostate reveals differences between races that can affect diagnosis. Cancer signal enhancement rate (α) on DCE-MRI was significantly higher for African Americans (AA) compared to Caucasian Americans (CA). Signal washout rate (β) was significantly lower in benign tissue in AAs and significantly elevated in cancers in AAs. However, no significant differences were found for ADC and T2. ROC analysis showed that ADC and T2 are slightly less effective in AA compared to CA. DCE significantly improves the differentiation of PCa from benign in AAs (α: 52%, β: 62% more effective in AA compared to CA). Histologic analysis showed cancers have a greater proportion of epithelium and lower lumen in AA compared to CA. This study shows that the different races have different quantitative MRI values and histologic makeup. Quantitative DCE-MRI is highly effective and improves PCa diagnosis in African Americans.
An Open-Source Julia Package for RMS Time-Domain Simulations of Power Systems
Authors: Philpott Thomas , Agalgaonkar Ashish P. , Brinsmead Thomas , Muttaqi Kashem M.
Published: September 2024

This paper presents RMSPowerSims.jl, an open-source Julia package for time-domain simulation of power systems. The package is designed to be used in conjunction with PowerModels.jl, a widely used Julia package for power system optimization. RMSPowerSims.jl provides a framework for the simulation of power systems in the time domain, allowing for the study of transient stability, fault analysis, and other dynamic phenomena. The package is designed to be intuitive and flexible, allowing users to easily define custom models for network components and disturbances. The package has been verified against DIgSILENT PowerFactory and has produced results that are in close agreement with those obtained using PowerFactory. RMSPowerSims.jl is available under an open-source license and can be downloaded from the Julia package registry.
Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Networks for Automated Identification the Stationary Phase in Tribological Experiments
Authors: Zhao Yuxiao , Lin Leyu , Schlarb Alois K.
Published: September 2024

This study outlines the development and optimization of a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network designed to analyze and classify time-series data from tribological experiments, with a particular emphasis on identifying stationary phases. The process of fine-tuning key hyperparameters was systematically optimized through Bayesian optimization, coupled with K-fold cross-validation, to minimize the inherent randomness associated with training neural networks. The refined LSTM network achieved a weighted average accuracy of 84%, demonstrating a high level of agreement between the network's identified stationary phases and those manually determined by researchers. This result suggests that LSTM networks can reliably mimic manual identification processes in tribological data, providing a promising avenue for automating data analysis. The study underscores the potential of neural networks to transcend their traditional role in predictive modeling within tribology, opening up new possibilities for their application across a broader spectrum of tasks within the field.
FL-APB: Balancing Privacy Protection and Performance Optimization for Adversarial Training in Federated Learning
Authors: Liu Teng , Wu Hao , Sun Xidong , Niu Chaojie , Yin Hao
Published: September 2024

Federated Learning (FL), as a distributed machine learning method, is particularly suitable for training models that require large amounts of data while meeting increasingly strict data privacy and security requirements. Although FL effectively protects the privacy of participants by avoiding the sharing of raw data, balancing the risks of privacy leakage with model performance remains a significant challenge. To address this, this paper proposes a new algorithm—FL-APB (Federated Learning with Adversarial Privacy-Performance Balancing). This algorithm combines adversarial training with privacy protection mechanisms to dynamically adjust privacy and performance budgets, optimizing the balance between the two while enhancing and ensuring performance. Experimental results demonstrate that the FL-APB algorithm significantly improves model performance across various adversarial training scenarios, while effectively protecting the privacy of participants through adversarial training of privacy data.
Rosmarinic Acid: A Potential Therapeutic Agent in Gastrointestinal Cancers Management—A Review
Authors: Czerwińska Karolina , Radziejewska Iwona
Published: September 2024

Gastrointestinal cancers are still the leading cause of death worldwide. This is related, among other things, to non-specific symptoms, especially in the initial stages, and also to limited possibilities of treatment. Therefore, research is still being conducted to improve the detection of this type of cancer and increase the effectiveness of therapy. The potential application of natural compounds in cancer management deserves special attention. In the group of such products there are polyphenolic compounds which reveal e.g. anti-oxidative, anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and neuroprotective properties. One of such polyphenols is rosmarinic acid, commonly found in plants such as Boraginaceae and Nepetoideae subfamilies of the Lamiaceae (mint) family, including Origanum vulgare, Rosmarinus officinalis Thymus masticmasti chinaythia koreana, Ocimum sanctum, and Hyptis pectinate. A number of studies considers the positive effects of rosmarinic acid in the treatment of many cancers, including gastrointestinal ones such as oral, stomach, pancreas, colon, and liver. The main aim of this paper was to focus on the summarized mechanisms of the action of rosmarinic acid in gastrointestinal cancers.
Correlation Analysis among the Chemical Composition, Cytotoxic and Antioxidant Activities of Tessaria absinthioides Decoction to Endorse Its Potential Application in Oncology
Authors: Pascual Lourdes Inés , Luna Lorena , González Roxana , Ortiz Javier E. , Gomez-Gomez Luciano , Donadel Osvaldo Juan , Hapon María Belén , Feresin Gabriela Egly , Gamarra-Luques Carlos
Published: September 2024

Historically, botanical preparations have been used to improve human health. Their active ingredients are influenced by multiple factors as intraspecies variations, environmental conditions, collection time and methods and the part of the plant used. To ensure the efficiency and safety of these herbal drugs, qualitative and quantitative analyses are required. Tessaria absinthioides decoction (DETa) was reported as hypocholesterolemic, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, antitumor, and antioxidant. This work aimed to analyze DETa, by correlating its chemical composition with cytotoxic and antioxidant properties, to promote its research as an anticancer agent. DETa collections (2017, 2018, 2019 and 2022) were analyzed by UHPLC-UV-Vis, UHPLC-DAD-FLD and UPLC-MS/MS; cytotoxicity was assessed on the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line, and antioxidant capacity was evaluated by DPPH and FRAP methods; correlation analysis was used to determine biological and chemical markers. The results evidence that biological activities were consistent across collections. Among the quantified compounds, apigenin, naringin, gallocatechin gallate, ginnalin A, myricetin, epicatechin, OH-tyrosol, quercetin, and chlorogenic, tessaric, p-coumaric, vanillic, caffeic, caftaric, ellagic and rosmarinic acids correlated as bioactive and chemical markers. Moreover, tessaric acid could be established as a species marker. Altogether, these findings add relevant information to DETa properties encouraging further exploration of its potential application as anticancer botanical.
Green Composites in Aviation: Optimizing Natural Fiber and Polymer Selection for Sustainable Aircraft Cabin Materials
Authors: Balo Figen , S.Sua Lutfu
Published: September 2024

The increasing demands on global resources due to technological development driven by consumer expectations and demands have resulted in significant problems with ecological sustainability and material availability. The creation of biocomposites has resulted in notable advancements in the green industry within the materials science area this century, owing to concerns regarding sustainability and the environment. Globally, there is a surge in the creation of highly efficient materials derived from natural resources. In aviation applications, plant-fiber-supported polymer composite materials are becoming increasingly popular. Aerospace materials are typically used in aircraft construction as structural materials to support loads throughout different flight phases. There are many diverse mechanical qualities of natural fibres; therefore, selecting one for the interior parts of an aircraft cabin based only on its attributes leads to a multiple-attribute decision-support issue. In this paper, the effective natural fibre and polymer choice for use as reinforcing materials in composite materials is represented for the composite materials’ improvement to aircraft cabin luggage for aerospace implementations. This study can guide material designers in investigating different hybrid materials with the most effective natural fiber and polymer obtained by hierarchical strategy by elucidating the effective material choice to meet the criteria determined for the aircraft cabin luggage. For this purpose, the definitive rankings of the twelve polymers and sixteen natural fibers in terms of performance score were assessed using hierarchical strategy methodology.
An Overview of Digital Transformation and Environmental Sustainability: Threats, Opportunities and Solutions
Authors: Goel Apurva , Masurkar Snehal , Pathade G.R.
Published: September 2024

Digital transformation, powered by technologies like AI, IoT, and big data, is reshaping industries and societies at an unprecedented pace. While these innovations promise smarter energy management, precision agriculture, and efficient resource utilization, they also introduce serious environmental challenges. This paper examines the dual impact of digital technologies, highlighting key threats such as rising energy consumption, growing e-waste, and increased extraction of raw materials. For instance, global e-waste reached 62 million metric tons in 2022, and data centers alone accounted for nearly 1% of the world's electricity demand in 2019. The review synthesizes findings from studies on topics like the energy use of blockchain technologies and the environmental costs of raw material extraction in the smartphone industry. Moreover, it identifies critical research gaps, particularly in understanding the environmental impact of digital usage at individual and household levels. Practical strategies such as integrating circular economy principles, promoting renewable energy, and green computing are proposed to balance technological advancement with sustainability goals. This study highlights the need for a holistic approach, suggesting future research directions to minimize digital transformation’s environmental footprint while maximizing its sustainability benefits.
Insegurança alimentar e acesso irregular à água potável: um panorama da realidade brasileira
Authors: Lopes Menezes Silvério Hemily , Thalita Dias Julia , Pires Santos Anabele , Luciana de Araújo Melissa , Ferreira Nathália
Published: September 2024

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a coexistência entre insegurança alimentar (IA) e acesso irregular à água potável no Brasil, bem como sua relação com características sociodemográficas e econômicas no primeiro ano da pandemia de Covid-19. Estudo transversal, com dados do I Inquérito Nacional sobre Insegurança Alimentar no contexto da pandemia de Covid-19 no Brasil, realizado em 2.180 domicílios de 128 municípios de todos os estados brasileiros, em 2020. A IA foi avaliada pela Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar. O acesso à água potável foi classificado em diário e não diário/irregular. As prevalências isoladas e combinadas destas condições foram calculadas, com investigação dos fatores associados a partir dos testes qui-quadrado e regressão logística múltipla (p<0,05). Cerca de 16% da população estava em situação concomitante de IA e acesso não diário à água potável. Agricultores familiares e produtores rurais, chefes de família de baixa renda e aqueles que residiam no Norte e Nordeste apresentaram as maiores magnitudes de coexistência. Foi preocupante a prevalência da coocorrência das duas condições de escassez avaliadas, acometendo desigualmente localidades e segmentos populacionais, com destaque para as áreas rurais, os lares com piores condições socioeconômicas e as regiões Norte e Nordeste.
Special Issue on NIED Frontier Research on Science and Technology for Disaster Risk Reduction and Resilience 2024
Authors: Takara Kaoru , Fujita Eisuke , Inoguchi Munenari , Iizuka Satoshi
Published: September 2024

We are pleased to publish this special issue, dedicated to the NIED Frontier Research on Science and Technology for Disaster Risk Reduction and Resilience 2024. The fifth NIED mid-/long-term plan period began in 2023, and this issue includes the first results of six papers, two reviews, one survey report, one note, and one material. Recently, violent natural disasters have triggered the development of effective countermeasures. Akita, Yamaguchi et al., and Hirashima et al. dealt with climate hazards such as heavy rainfall, snow, and ice disasters. Yamazaki-Honda reported the progress and challenges of disaster reduction and climate change adaptation using DRR strategies. Yadab et al., Akita, and Naito et al. reported data analysis and suggestions to evaluate seismic and volcanic hazards. Nagata et al. proposed the ICT tool “YOU@RISK” to educate regarding volcanic disaster risks. Sato et al. emphasized the importance and effectiveness of information technology. Kimura et al. emphasized preparedness and elaborated on measures to improve preparedness for all natural hazards. These new outcomes will promote the development of a sustainable society against these hazards and will be flagships to proceed with NIED research projects.
Understanding Newton's Third Law: A Study of Prospective Physics Teachers' Knowledge Structure
Authors: Pertiwi Wulan Anna , Faizah Revnika , Kusumawati Astrini Dewi , Nadiyah Nadiyah , Budi Agus Setyo , Sukariasih Luh
Published: September 2024

This research aims to explore the ability to understand concepts and the characteristics of the knowledge structure of prospective physics teachers regarding Newton's Third Law. This research was conducted on 26 Physics Education students in their first year who had received material on Newton's Laws. The instrument used is the Force Concept Inventory (FCI) test instrument. Using four multiple-choice questions accompanied by reasons, the quantitative data source comes from students' choice of answers. In contrast, the qualitative data source comes from students' reasons for choosing answers, which are used to see the characteristics of knowledge structures. The data analysis technique used is descriptive statistics to present a picture of the ability to understand concepts and the level of character of the knowledge structure of prospective teachers. The results show that the concept understanding ability of prospective physics teachers has an average of 67.31 and is classified as sufficient. The knowledge structure characteristics of prospective physics teachers at the expert level is 62.50%, the beginner level is 14.42%, and the intermediate level is 24.04%. These results show that the ability to understand the concept of Newton's Third Law and the characteristics of knowledge structures have a coherent influence. Prospective teachers with the characteristics of an expert knowledge structure can solve physics problems using correct physics principles. These findings require further research to explore the factors influencing understanding concepts and characteristics of prospective teachers' knowledge structures and more effective teaching strategies.
Increasing the Ability to Understand Mathematical Concepts through the Team Games Tournament (TGT) Model Assisted by the PhET Application
Authors: Putri Sarah Anida , Rohimah Siti Maryam , Nurhadi Moh
Published: September 2024

This research seeks to assess the enhancement of third-grade elementary students' understanding of mathematical concepts comprehension through the Team Games Tournament (TGT) instructional approach, supported by the PhET application, compared to traditional teaching methods. The study employs a quasi-experimental method using a nonequivalent control group design. A total of 63 third-grade students participated, selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through multiple techniques, such as tests, observations, discussions, and photo and video records. The assessment tool used was a descriptive test measuring mathematical concept understanding and is stated to have met the requirements for content validity, construct validity, reliability, level of difficulty, and differentiation. The data analysis technique for hypothesis testing uses IBM SPSS Statistics 2.6 software, namely the normalized n-gain hypothesis test. As indicated by the research results, students' ability to understand mathematical concepts at SDN Pancasila Lembang experienced a significant increase after receiving learning using the Team Games Tournament (TGT) instructional approach supported by the PhET application. This is proven by the results of the n-gain data test calculation, which is 0.36 in the medium category. The posttest average score for the experimental group was 67.78 and the posttest average score for the control class was 30.32. This indicates that the improvement in mathematical concept understanding in the experimental group surpasses that of the control group. Consequently, it can be concluded that the Team Games Tournament (TGT) learning model, supported by the PhET application, is a recommended alternative for enhancing elementary students' ability to grasp mathematical concepts.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Cooperative Tipe Teams Games Tournament Berbantuan Kahoot! Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Matematis Siswa SMA Negeri 27 Jakarta
Authors: Siahaan Yushak William , Murdiyanto Tri , Meidianingsih Qorry
Published: September 2024

Siswa masih kurang memiliki kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis yang efektif, seperti yang terlihat ketika mereka mencoba memecahkan masalah non-rutin. Kemudian, mayoritas pembelajaran matematika yang dilakukan di sekolah cenderung berpusat pada guru atau menggunakan pembelajaran konvensional. Untuk mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa, diperlukan model pembelajaran dan media yang mendorong partisipasi aktif mereka yaitu TGT dan Kahoot!. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Cooperative tipe Teams Games Tournament (TGT) Berbantuan Kahoot! terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode quasi-experiment dengan desain post-test only control group design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI di SMA Negeri 27 Jakarta yang terdiri dari XI-1 hingga XI-7. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan oleh penelitian ini menggunakan Cluster Random Sampling. Sampel penelitian yaitu siswa kelas XI-1 dan XI-2 di SMA Negeri 27 Jakarta. Kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa diukur menggunakan instrumen penelitian berupa lima soal uraian pada materi peluang, yaitu kaidah pencacahan, yang telah dinyatakan valid dan reliabel. Kesulitan materi peluang terdapat pada pembuatan model matematikanya. Hal ini disebabkan soal-soal peluang merupakan soal non-rutin yaitu memuat masalah yang membutuhkan kemampuan berpikir dan bernalar lebih tinggi, sehingga siswa harus mampu memahami isi dari permasalahan yang diselesaikan. Dengan demikian, materi peluang memerlukan perhatian lebih sebagai sarana untuk melatih dan mengasah kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menggunakan uji Mann Whitney U dengan taraf signifikansi  didapat bahwa nilai  yaitu  sehingga keputusannya adalah menolak . Dengan demikian, rata-rata kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa yang diajarkan dengan model pembelajaran Cooperative tipe TGT berbantuan Kahoot! lebih tinggi dari rata-rata kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa yang diajarkan dengan pembelajaran konvensional. Oleh karena itu, model Cooperative tipe TGT berbantuan Kahoot! tepat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa kelas XI di SMA Negeri 27 Jakarta pada materi peluang. Berdasarkan nilai Cliff’s Delta (
“One grand, glorious national cause” : a cultural geography of the Veterans Affairs built environment
Authors: Schmidt Aaron , Morrison Dawn , Schacht Kayley , Enscore Susan , Smith Adam
Published: September 2024

The United States government has a long history of providing medical, financial, and burial benefits to American Veterans. The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and its predecessor agencies constructed much of the built environment that served as a conduit for these benefits. Today, the VA manages and maintains more than 15,000 buildings and structures to serve the Veteran community. To facilitate the transfer of property rights of its vacant and underutilized properties and ensure compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act, the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation issued a Program Comment at the request of the VA on 26 October 2018. The Program Comment mitigation requires the VA to produce a readily accessible public-benefit document of interest to a wide audience comprised of Veterans and lay people. This book provides that public-benefit document through a cultural geography of the built environment of VA facilities. This book focuses on the sense of place developed by Veterans toward VA facilities and covers three generational periods as defined by the VA: post–Civil War through World War I, World War I through the end of World War II, and post–World War II through 1958.
Evaluasi pengelolaan obat di balai kesehatan pesantren
Authors: Dewi Mahmud Carica , Wiedyaningsih Chairun , Andayani Tri Murti
Published: September 2024

Pengelolaan obat di balai kesehatan pesantren perlu dilakukan dengan baik, karena pengelolaan obat yang baik akan menjamin kelangsungan ketersediaan dan keterjangkauan pelayanan obat yang efisien, efektif dan rasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengelolaan obat pada 3 kampus pesantren, berdasarkan indikator pengelolaan obat yang ditetapkan oleh Departemen Kesehatan RI, Pudjaningsih, dan World Health Organization. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif-evaluatif, dengan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif, menggunakan data retrospektif tahun 2022 dan 2023. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata kesesuaian jenis obat yang tersedia dengan DOEN: 68%, rata-rata frekuensi kesesuaian pengadaan dengan kenyataan pakai semua item obat: 100%, rata-rata frekuensi pengadaan tiap item obat: rendah < 12x/tahun, rata-rata frekuensi kurang atau lengkapnya surat pemesanan atau surat kontrak: 0%, rata-rata frekuensi tertundanya pembayaran oleh klinik 0%, rata-rata kecocokan antara obat dengan kartu stock: 100%, rata-rata tingkat ketersediaan obat: 13,1 bulan, rata-rata presentase stock mati: 3%, rata-rata jumlah item obat perlembar resep: 2,8 item obat/lembar resep, rata-rata persentase peresepan dengan obat generik: 82%, rata-rata waktu yang digunakan untuk melayani resep: 335 menit untuk obat racikan, 6 menit untuk obat nor racik, rata-rata persentase obat yang dilabeli dengan benar: 100%, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengelolaan obat pada 3 kampus pesantren secara keseluruhan sudah baik, hanya ada beberapa indikator yang belum sepenuhnya sesuai dengan indikator standar.
Qual o Preço Certo? Condições de Mercado e seus Dilemas na Pesquisa de Preços em Compras Públicas
Authors: Medeiros-Costa Caio , Santos Franklin , Reis Paulo
Published: September 2024

O caso relata a instrução de um processo de licitação pública para aquisição de pneus numa universidade federal. A necessidade de uma contratação urgente impõe um dilema acerca de qual método utilizar para definir a estimativa. Vários elementos são levantados de forma a estimular as discussões acerca das condições de mercado, em especial, as diferenças de precificação de produtos quando se negocia com o setor público. O caso é adequado para cursos de pós-graduação na área de administração e administração pública, com o intuito de estimular a discussão sobre a relação entre órgão público comprador e mercado.  Assim, busca-se ao final da atividade que: (i) os estudantes compreendam a importância da sinalização a partir do preço estimado; (ii) entendam os riscos inerentes a falhas na etapa de estimativa de preços; (iii) compreendam as diferenças entre as condições de mercado para o setor público e as condições para o comprador privado.
Written Conversations: N.A. Berdyaev’s Epistolary Archive
Authors:   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Teslya Andrey
Published: September 2024

The essay examines the book published in 2023 “Nikolai Berdyaev: An Epistolary Conversation. Archival Materials”, containing bilateral correspondence between N.A. Berdyaev and S.L. Frank, as well as letters to Berdyaev from N.O. Lossky and Yu.M. Panebrattsev. This book covers the chronological period from 1922 to 1948, during which Berdyaev was living in exile. The main focus of the book is the correspondence between Berdyaev and Frank, which covers a wide range of topics, including the fate of Russian philosophical research abroad, educational and publishing institutions in Germany and France, as well as the daily challenges faced by Berdyaev during the 1920s and 1940s. A significant portion of the correspondence also discusses the ideas behind Berdyaev’s philosophical works, the process of preparing and publishing them, and the history of “Way” journal (1925–1940). Lossky’s letters (unfortunately, Berdyaev’s reply letters have not yet been found) are more formal and distant, but they also reflect the long-term collaboration between the philosophers, their attention to each other’s work, and their perception of the intellectual life in Soviet Russia as continuing in many ways, both in relation to the past and in connection with emigration. Of particular interest are the letters written by Yu.M. Panebrattsev (1900–1937) from Soviet Russia to Paris between 1930 and 1931, expressing the intense philosophical quest of a relatively young man seeking advice and guidance from Berdyaev. Panebrattsev’s letters provide an interesting insight into how, at the very beginning of the 1930s, he synthesized the trends of Russian idealistic philosophy from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, while also appealing to the great philosophical traditions of Europe, consciously avoiding the influence of official philosophy. The reviewed publication makes a valuable contribution not only to the study of Berdyaev’s life and works, but also to the history of the Russian emigration of the first wave
Contemporary Reading of S.N. Bulgakov’s Legacy: A Review of a New Book
Authors:   St. Tikhon’s Orthodox University, Yachmenik Vyacheslav
Published: September 2024

The review considers the collection of articles published in 2024, “Building the House of Wisdom. Sergii Bulgakov and Contemporary Theology: New Approaches and Interpretations”, prepared as a result of an international conference in Switzerland to mark the 150th anniversary of the birth of Sergii Bulgakov. The key theme of the collection was the question of the influence of Bulgakov’s ideas on contemporary Christian theology, and the review examines to what extent the editors and authors of the articles have succeeded in accomplishing this task. The author briefly reviews the materials of the collection, grouped into several sections devoted to S.N. Bulgakov’s personalism and anthropology, his political, economic and ecological views, sophiology, ontology, ecumenical aspects of the heritage of the Russian thinker. In general, the main interest of the researchers is focused on the boundary between ecclesiology and anthropology, thus bringing together contemporary social problems and sophiology. Attempts to use Bulgakov’s concepts of sophiology, kenosis, Chalcedonian ontology and etc. in order to solve the problems of modern society (political or environmental crises, problems of gender or human identity in general) leave a feeling of artificiality of these constructions. The most interesting line of the book is Bulgakov’s intellectual biography, which is assembled from various research texts in a way “from Marxism to idealism”, and from philosophy to theology
Dimitry Gawronsky: Reality and Actual Infinitesimals
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pringe Hernán , Kuksyuk Alexey ,   RAS Institute of Philosophy, Chernyavtseva Maria ,   RAS Institute of Philosophy
Published: September 2024

The aim of this paper is to analyze Dimitry Gawronsky’s doctrine of actual infinitesimals. I examine the peculiar connection that his critical idealism establishes between transcendental philosophy and mathematics. In particular, I reconstruct the relationship between Gawronsky’s differentials, Cantor’s transfinite numbers, Veronese’s trans-Archimedean numbers and Robinson’s hyperreal numbers. I argue that by means of his doctrine of actual infinitesimals, Gawronsky aims to provide an interpretation of calculus that eliminates any alleged given element in knowledge. The author emphasizes not the mathematical, but the transcendental or metaphysical aspect of Gavronsky’s teaching. It follows from Gavronsky’s doctrine that infinitesimals are the key to a correct philosophical explanation of the relationship between thinking and being: mathematics, and differential calculus in particular, turns out to be the means by which pure thought constructs being. Thus, we are talking about the conception of transcendental mathematics, which solves the problem of the applicability of mathematics to nature. Thus, nature is understood as a product of thought, created in accordance with the infinitesimal method: since thought creates natural objects in accordance with mathematical methods, the latter have the necessary reliability in relation to the former. The relevance of infinitesimals turns out to be Gavronsky’s relevance of pure thought in the generation of being, and the first relevant product of pure thought is the reality of being
Extreme Weather and hydropower System: Production, Resilience, and Sustainability
Authors: Elshebli Marwa
Published: September 2024

This comprehensive review examines the resilience of hydropower systems in the face of extreme weather events and climate change, synthesizing recent research and emerging trends in the field. The study analyzes global hydropower production trends, the impacts of extreme events on electricity grids, and innovative approaches to enhancing system resilience. Through a detailed comparative analysis of studies from 2010 to 2024, we identify key challenges and opportunities in hydropower resilience, including climate change adaptation, integration with other renewable energy sources, and the application of advanced technologies. The review highlights the critical importance of socio-ecological approaches, transboundary cooperation, and adaptive management strategies in ensuring the long-term sustainability of hydropower systems. Our findings reveal that integrating hydropower with solar and wind energy could increase grid stability by up to 60% by 2070, while AI-driven predictive maintenance could reduce unplanned downtime by 25–35%. The study also emphasizes the potential of nature-based solutions and the need for more robust international governance frameworks. This work provides valuable insights for researchers, policymakers, and industry professionals, offering a roadmap for enhancing hydropower resilience in an era of increasing climate uncertainty and environmental pressures.
Cholesterol 24-hydroxylase overexpression in the dorsal striatum reduces relapse to cocaine-seeking
Authors: Thiriet Nathalie , Desmercières Stevenson , AUPY Thomas , Vandaele Youna , Gauthier Manon , Dugast Emilie , Lardeux Virginie , Arrivet Faustine , Martine Lucy , ACAR Niyazi , Belujon Pauline , Heck Nicolas , Betuing Sandrine , Solinas Marcello , Masson Elodie
Published: September 2024

Sparse but converging evidence suggests that drug addiction is associated with alterations in the metabolism of cerebral cholesterol. Furthermore, in rats, administration of statins, inhibitors of cholesterol synthesis, reduces risks of relapse to cocaine. However, the direct involvement of brain cholesterol in addiction-related processes remains to be demonstrated. In this study, we investigated whether manipulation of cholesterol metabolism in the dorsal striatum during abstinence could reduce drug-seeking in rats that had self-administered cocaine. To this end, we used a viral approach to overexpress the CYP46A1 gene, that encodes cholesterol 24-hydroxylase, the main enzyme responsible for brain cholesterol catabolism, in the dorsal striatum and after 6 weeks we measured drug-seeking behavior. We found that striatal CYP46A1 overexpression reduces cocaine-seeking but does not affect seeking for natural rewards or the direct reinforcing effects of cocaine. Interestingly, we found that CYP46A1 overexpression increases cholesterol turnover without altering cholesterol levels whereas cocaine exposure did not alter either of these measures. These results suggest that cholesterol metabolism in the dorsal striatum might represent a novel therapeutic target to prevent relapse to cocaine addiction.
Direct observations of slow photo-induced structural and physical changes
Authors: Naito Toshio , Nakaie Minaho , Murakami Kaito , Nishiyama Yuka , Shiose Shuji , Miyaji Yuko , Takeichi Yasuo , Niwa Yasuhiro
Published: September 2024

Photoexcitation and the subsequent physical or chemical processes are often too rapid to capture using direct, real-time observation methods1-6. Current approaches rely mainly on time-resolved spectra derived from short-pulsed lasers with appropriate wavelengths and pulse widths for the target phenomena7-10, supplemented by some experimental techniques combined with theoretical simulations11-14. In contrast, if a material exhibits sufficiently slow changes after photoexcitation, its structures and physical properties can be directly observed and compared with theoretical and spectroscopic results. This article explores the magnetic and structural properties of a new material that displays slow relaxation from UV-excited states. The study demonstrates that both valence and inner-shell electrons are cooperatively photoexcited, transitioning to a new state influenced by spin, charge, and orbital degrees of freedom. Unlike traditional theoretical descriptions, which assume time-independent atomic orbitals as the basis for molecular orbitals, this research reveals that atomic orbitals are time-dependent during these processes. These findings offer a foundational understanding of the relaxation processes from photoexcited states and provide insights into general chemical reactions.
Study Protocol for a Cluster, Randomized, Controlled Community Effectiveness Trial of the Early Start Denver Model (ESDM) Compared to Community Early Behavioral Intervention (EBI) in Community Programs serving Young Autistic Children: Partnering for Autism: Learning more to improve Services (PALMS)
Authors: Stahmer Aubyn C , Dufek Sarah , Rogers Sally J , Iosif Ana-Maria
Published: September 2024

Background
The rising number of children identified with autism has led to exponential growth in for-profit applied behavior analysis (ABA) agencies and the use of highly structured approaches that may not be developmentally appropriate for young children. Multiple clinical trials support naturalistic developmental behavior interventions (NDBIs) that integrate ABA and developmental science and are considered best practices for young autistic children. The Early Start Denver Model (ESDM) is a comprehensive NDBI shown to improve social communication outcomes for young autistic children in several controlled efficacy studies. However, effectiveness data regarding NDBI use in community-based agencies are limited.
Methods
This study uses a community-partnered approach to test the effectiveness of ESDM compared to usual early behavioral intervention (EBI) for improving social communication and language in autistic children served by community agencies. This is a hybrid type 1 cluster-randomized controlled trial with 2 conditions: ESDM and EBI. In the intervention group, supervising providers will receive training in ESDM; in the control group, they will continue EBI as usual. We will enroll and randomize 100 supervisors (50 ESDM, 50 EBI) by region. Each supervisor enrolls 3 families of autistic children under age 5 (n = 300) and accompanying behavior technicians (n = 200). The primary outcome is child language and social communication at 6 and 12 months. Secondary outcomes include child adaptive behavior, caregiver use of ESDM strategies, and provider intervention fidelity. Child social motivation and caregiver fidelity will be tested as mediating variables. ESDM implementation determinants will be explored using mixed methods.
Discussion
This study will contribute novel knowledge on ESDM effectiveness, the variables that mediate and moderate child outcomes, and engagement of its mechanisms in community use. We expect results from this trial to increase community availability of this model and access to high-quality intervention for young autistic children, especially those who depend on publicly funded intervention services. Understanding implementation determinants will aid scale-up of effective models within communities.
Trail Registration:
Clinicaltrials.gov identifier number NCT06005285. Registered on August 21, 2023.
Protocol Version: Issue date 6 August 2024; Protocol amendment number: 02
Fungicide evaluation against head smudge (Curvularia spp.) and its impact on yield and germination of tef (Eragrostis tef Zucc.)
Authors: Mekonnen Mequanint Andualem , Nigusie Walellign Zegeye , Emirie Gebremariem Asaye Emiriea , Hailemariam Bogale Nigir , Abeje Girmay Dires , Mekonnen Melkamu Birhanie , Mihiretie Aderajew
Published: September 2024

Head smudge, caused by Curvularia spp., is the major disease of tef in the humid tef growing areas of Ethiopia. Despite this, farmers continue producing tef without any disease management strategies, which is leading to substantial quantitative and qualitative losses. Hence, the field and laboratory experiments were conducted to assess the efficacy of seven fungicides for the management of head smudge and simultaneously to assess the possible effects of the disease on seed quality of tef. The field experiment was conducted at Dangila and North Achefer districts and the treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Tef seeds harvested from field experiments were subsequently used for the laboratory studies using the blotter method and arranged in a completely randomized design. The effect of fungicides on reducing disease incidence and severity and increasing yield was significant (P < 0.001). The highest overall mean disease control (88.9%) was obtained from propiconazole sprayed plots followed by trifloxystrobin + tebuconazole and tebuconazole, both of which had a similar 85.5% disease reduction. The applications of triadimefon resulted in intermediate disease reduction (69.9%). However, the application of mancozeb + cymoxanil, cymoxanil + copper oxychloride, and thiamethoxam + metalaxyl + difenoconazole doesn’t bring a significant improvement from the untreated plot. According to our findings, head smudge can reduce tef yield by up to 62% and germination by 18.7 to 45.4%. Therefore, application of propiconazole, trifloxystrobin + tebuconazole and tebuconazole can be considered as effective head smudge management practice until other management options are developed.
Exploring the phytochemicals, antioxidancy and cytotoxicity of Abroma augustum (L.) seed extract
Authors: Sujaye Homayra Binta , Khan Alam , Haque Md. Enamul , Sikdar Biswanath , Hasan Md Faruk
Published: September 2024

Abroma augustum is an important medicinal plant that is conventionally used in the pharmaceutical industry to treat different diseases. The key objectives of this research were to assess the phytochemical, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of Abroma augustum seeds. Phytochemical screening and quantification were performed via previous methods. The antioxidant action of A. augustum extract was tested via an in vitro method. The zebrafish embryo results were analyzed in a manner similar to that used for the cytotoxicity assay. Phytochemical profiling revealed that the methanol extract of A. augustum seeds contained alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, polyphenols and tannins. In terms of antioxidancy, the highest 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) inhibition rates were 65.30±0.9% and 80.85±1.0% for A. augustum seed extract and tert-butyl-1-hydroxytoluene (BHT), respectively. The IC50 value of the seed extract was 105.57±1.19, and the BHT value was 88.89±1.0 µg/ml. In the cytotoxicity test, at 96 hpf, treatment with 100 µg/ml seed extract resulted in yolk sac edema, tail deformation and pericardial edema. A. augustum seeds contain high concentrations of phytochemicals and have high antioxidant and cytotoxic properties. The present findings may be helpful for molecular drug design in the near future.