bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modelo Hidrogeológico Conceitual da Estação Ecológica de Santa Bárbara (EEcSB) em área do Sistema Aquífero Bauru (SAB)
Authors: Santarosa Lucas Vituri , Manzione Rodrigo Lilla
Published: November 2017

A modelagem hidrogeológica possibilita responder várias questões capazes de descrever a variabilidade espacial e temporal do comportamento dos aquíferos, como as variações nos níveis, a direção e velocidade dos fluxos, a origem da água e volume disponível. A gestão das águas subterrâneas pode ser beneficiada pelas informações geradas pela construção de um Modelo Hidrogeológico Conceitual (MHC), buscando maximizar os dados e experiências, utilizando ambos de forma sistemática para obtenção de respostas e conhecimentos sobre a dinâmica das águas subterrâneas. Este estudo teve como objetivo construir um MHC utilizando técnicas de análise espacial aplicadas a variáveis ambientais e dados de nível freático. Buscou-se com a utilização de uma metodologia quantitativa e qualitativa gerar um MHC para descrever a dinâmica do Sistema Aquífero Bauru (SAB) na Estação Ecológica de Santa Bárbara (EEcSB), município de Águas de Santa Barbara/SP. Os resultados forneceram um MHC que permite uma serie de interpretações iniciais sobre o comportamento do escoamento subterrâneo, subsidiando a tomada de decisões para proteção dos recursos hídricos nos limites da EEcSB. Conclui-se que as descargas por fluxos subterrâneos recentes abastecem as drenagens superficiais presentes na área e este fluxo subterrâneo acompanha a topografia em direção às drenagens principais.
Avaliação física e numérica da formação e quebra de barreira capilar
Authors: Silva Paulo Augusto Diniz , Gitirana Jr. Gilson De F. N.
Published: November 2017

Este artigo apresenta um estudo do fenômeno de barreira capilar a partir da modelagem física e numérica. Foi desenvolvido um modelo físico unidimensional contendo duas camadas de solos arenosos submetidas a infiltração. A simulação numérica utilizou o método dos volumes finitos para solução da equação de Richards. Os resultados demonstram o efeito e a falha da barreira capilar e sua relação com as propriedades e variáveis de estado do solo. O modelo numérico proposto foi capaz de reproduzir adequadamente os fenômenos observados no modelo físico. Demonstrou-se como a barreira capilar depende da diferença de carga piezométrica e condutividade hidráulica não saturada próxima à interface. Foi apresentada a evolução das condições de interface durante o processo de formação e quebra da barreira e demonstrada sua capacidade de recomposição após interrupção da infiltração.
A survey of knowledge about the MTA properties amongst internship students
Authors: Habib Adnan , Doumani Mazen , Mossa Hossam , Bashnakli Ahmad Reda , Ibrahim Ali Nader
Published: November 2017

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of the mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) properties among internship students in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia.Methods: A standardized questionnaire comprised 14 multiple-choice questions about MTAproperties distributed to internship students in Riyadh city,Saudi Arabia. These questions contained types of MTA material, mechanical, chemical, physical properties of MTA, marginal adaptation and sealing ability, antibacterial properties, reaction with other dental materials, biocompatibility, and clinical Â Â Â performance. Data was coded computerized and analyzed using methods of descriptive statistics.Results: The respondents of this questionnaire were 195 subjects. 51.5% of subjects confirmed that MTA sets in the presence of water. 69.4% of respondents confirmed that MTA is available as white and grey. Majority of subjects asserted the sealing ability (89.5%) and antibacterial effects (71.6%) of MTA material. The vast majority donâ€™t know the mixing time (50.6%), and pH of MTA (52%).Conclusion: It has been observed an average knowledge about mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) , anÂ  increasedÂ  knowledge about sealing ability and anti-bacterial effects , and poorÂ  knowledge about manipulation of MTA material amongst internship students .
A DBR framework for designing mobile virtual reality learning environments
Authors: Cochrane Thomas Donald , Cook Stuart , Aiello Stephen , Christie Duncan , Sinfield David , Steagall Marcos , Aguayo Claudio
Published: November 2017

This paper proposes a design based research (DBR) framework for designing mobile virtual reality learning environments. The application of the framework is illustrated by two design-based research projects that aim to develop more authentic educational experiences and learner-centred pedagogies in higher education. The projects highlight the first two phases of the DBR framework, involving the exploration of mobile virtual reality (VR) to enhance the learning environment, and the design of prototype solutions for the different contexts. The design of the projects is guided by a set of design principles identified from the literature.
Phase Angle Is Moderately Associated With Muscle Quality and Functional Capacity, Independent of Age and Body Composition in Older Women
Authors: Tomeleri Crisieli M. , Cavalcante Edilaine F. , Antunes Melissa , Nabuco Hellen C. G. , de Souza Mariana F. , Teixeira Denilson C. , Gobbo Luis A. , Silva Analiza M. , Cyrino Edilson S.
Published: November 2017

Background and purpose:

There is a growing body of evidence indicating that phase angle (PhA) can be used as an indicator of nutritional status, disease prognosis, and mortality risk; however, it is still unknown whether PhA can be used as an explanator of functional capacity and muscle quality in older women. The main purpose of this cross-sectional study was to explore whether PhA is associated with muscle quality and functional capacity in older women, regardless of total and regional body composition.

Methods:

A total of 125 older women—66.7 (4.7) years; 65.6 (10.9) kg body mass; 156.1 (5.2) cm height; 26.9 (4.0) kg/m2 body mass index—participated in this study. Anthropometric, PhA, body composition (whole-body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry) and muscle quality (defined as total muscular strength per kilogram of appendicular lean soft tissue) were measured. The functional capacity was assessed by 4 tests: 10-m walk test, rising from sitting position, rising from ventral decubitus position, and rising from a chair and walking around the house. The summing z-scores for the 4 tests was used as a continuous functional capacity score. Linear regression analysis was conducted to test whether PhA is related to the dependent variables (muscle quality and functional capacity), after adjusting for potential covariates.

Results:

The PhA presented a small-to-moderate relationship with muscle quality (r = 0.27; P < .01) and functional capacity (r = 0.31; P < .01), respectively. These relationships remained significant after adjustment for age, lower limb lean soft tissue, and total fat mass for muscle quality (β= 0.55; P < .01) and functional capacity (β= 1.38; P < .01).

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that healthy elderly women with higher values of PhA have a better muscle quality and functionality, regardless of age and body composition.
Two-Minute Step Test of Exercise Capacity: Systematic Review of Procedures, Performance, and Clinimetric Properties
Authors: Bohannon Richard W. , Crouch Rebecca H.
Published: November 2017

Background and Purpose:

The 2-minute step test (TMST) is one of many alternatives for measuring exercise capacity. First introduced in 1999 as part of the Senior Fitness Test, the TMST has the advantage of requiring limited space, only a few minutes' time, and no expensive equipment. These advantages notwithstanding, the test must be clinimetrically sound if it is to be recommended. We sought therefore to summarize the literature addressing TMST performance and measurement properties.

Methods:

Relevant literature was identified by searches of 3 electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health) and hand searches. Inclusion of an article required that it described use of the TMST of Rikli and Jones and that it focused on adults. Articles published in a language other than English were excluded. Studies were abstracted for information on participants, TMST description, and findings.

Results and Discussion:

Thirty articles were deemed appropriate based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The participants in the studies included community-dwelling healthy older adults and adults with assorted pathologies. Studies described varied methods of conducting the TMST. Among tests in which steps for one side were counted over a full 2 minutes, the mean number of steps among populations ranged from 29.1 for patients with chronic stroke to 110.8 for older osteoporotic women. Numerous reviewed studies provide support for the validity of the TMST. Only one study addressed reliability and none focused on responsiveness. Normative data have been proffered.

Conclusions:

The TMST has been widely used since first introduced, albeit not always as originally described. There is considerable evidence for the validity of the test, but its reliability and responsiveness are not yet firmly established.
Does Maturity Status Affect the Relationship Between Anaerobic Speed Reserve and Multiple Sprint Sets Performance in Young Soccer Players?
Authors: Selmi Mohamed Amin , Al-Haddabi Badriya , Yahmed Mohamed Haj , Sassi Radhouane Haj
Published: November 2017

Selmi, MA, Al-Haddabi, B, Yahmed, MH, and Sassi, RH. Does maturity status affect the relationship between anaerobic speed reserve and multiple sprints sets performance in young soccer players? J Strength Cond Res 34(12): 3600–3606, 2020—The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between repeated-sprint sets (RSS) performance indices and anaerobic speed reserve (ASR) in young soccer players of different maturity status. One hundred seventy-nine young male soccer players (11.1–17.8 years) classified as pre– (n = 50), circum– (n = 60), or post– (n = 69) peak height velocity (PHV) performed multistage shuttle run test (MSRT) to measure maximal aerobic speed (MAS), 30-m sprint with 10-m splits to estimate maximal anaerobic speed (MAnS), and RSS test. Anaerobic speed reserve was calculated as the difference between MAS and MAnS. The RSS indices, MAS, MAnS, and ASR were significantly different in the 3 maturity groups (p < 0.001; effect size = 0.12–0.64). Correlations between RSS performance indices and ASR varied considerably depending on maturity status. Very large correlations between ASR and RSS indices expressed as sum sprint time (SST) and best sprint time (BST) were found for pre- and circum-PHV groups (r = −0.76, −0.79 and r = −0.82, −0.86, respectively). In the post-PHV group, ASR was moderately associated with both SST (r = −0.45) and BST (r = −0.46). To sum up, these results highlighted that the ASR is more related to factors of RSS performance in pre- and circum-PHV male soccer players compared with post-PHV ones. These findings could help coaches and strength and conditioning professionals to better understand how the relationship between ASR and RSS evolves across the maturity and may be considered, therefore, useful in youth soccer selection/training process.
Caracterización de población con discapacidad visual, auditiva, de habla y motora para su vinculación a programas de pregrado a distancia de una universidad de Colombia
Authors: Rojas-Rojas Luz Myrian , Arboleda-Toro Néstor , Pinzón-Jaime Leidy Johanna
Published: November 2017

This article presents the results of an unpublished research project whose objective was to characterize a population with visual, hearing, speech and motor disabilities. The research quantified potential users of the programs offered by the Faculty of Distance Education (FESAD) at the Pedagogical and Technological University of Colombia (UPTC). It had an exploratory-descriptive methodological design with random sampling. Surveys were applied to young high school students and adult bachelors by using Braille system and a digital sign language translator. For data analysis, a quantitative statistical method was implemented. The results showed that, from young bachelors, 53% were women, 51% adults were men; 57% of young people were between 18 and 21 years old, 47% of adults were between 22 and 30 years old, and 65% of adult bachelors did not work. From the preferred university careers to study, a 28% of young people preferred engineering; 21%, economic and administrative sciences; 15%, arts; and 13%, education sciences. 27% of adult bachelors preferred engineering; 18%, economic and administrative sciences; and 15%, education sciences. 85% of youth and 71% of adult bachelors were deaf. It is concluded that there is a vulnerable population with disabilities and with an obvious lack of opportunities to access higher education. FESAD has trained teachers in designing an integrated and inclusive curriculum for the development of labor skills. FESAD also has technical and technological resources to take care of this population. It is recommended to boost higher education policies for social inclusion in Colombia, and conduct new studies on causes and effects to design and implement programs that apply these policies.
Análisis cualitativo de resiliencia en estudiantes de posgrado
Authors: Benítez-Corona Lilia , Barrón-Tirado María Concepción
Published: November 2017

The development of resilience is acquired through the life experiences of individuals. In this way, the results obtained in postdoctoral research are presented: “The development of resilient competences in graduate students in Pedagogy of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM)”. Resilience is the ability to live positively despite the adversity or difficult situations faced by people in different social contexts. Given its subjectivity, analyzing turns complex, because difficulties are perceived differently by each individual. The aim of the article is to show the analysis of resilience from the point of view of postgraduate students in order to identify what factors have developed their resilience, how they built it and how it has impacted their training as specialists in educational research. The qualitative methodology was approached through hermeneutics to recognize diversity, understand reality and build meaning from the historical understanding of the symbolic world of the individual, since human behavior can only be understood through meanings. For this reason, the workshop technique was used to let the participants to discover their resilience. The sample consisted of 23 graduate students. The findings showed that the positive interaction, the sense of life and the presence of the significant other encouraged this capacity in some students by favoring critical thinking and conscious self-esteem, necessary protective factors in the training of educational researchers.
Analysing Test-Takers’ Views on a Computer-Based Speaking Test
Authors: Amengual-Pizarro Marian , García-Laborda Jesús
Published: November 2017

This study examines test-takers’ views on a computer-delivered speaking test in order to investigate the aspects they consider most relevant in technology-based oral assessment, and to explore the main advantages and disadvantages computer-based tests may offer as compared to face-to-face speaking tests. A small-scale open questionnaire was administered to 80 test-takers who took the APTIS speaking test at the Universidad de Alcalá in April 2016. Results reveal that examinees believe computer-based tests provide a valid measure of oral competence in English and are considered to be an adequate method for the assessment of speaking. Interestingly, the data suggest that personal characteristics of test-takers seem to play a key role in deciding upon the most suitable and reliable delivery mode.
English Language Teachers’ Perceptions on Knowing and Applying Contemporary Language Teaching Techniques
Authors: Sucuoğlu Esen
Published: November 2017

The aim of this study is to determine the perceptions of English language teachers teaching at a preparatory school in relation to their knowing and applying contemporary language teaching techniques in their lessons. An investigation was conducted of 21 English language teachers at a preparatory school in North Cyprus. The SPSS statistical package was used for the data analysis. Frequency and percentages were used to analyse the English language teachers’ knowledge, desire to learn, application of the innovative language techniques in their classrooms, experience of problems as well as teachers’ frequency of technique usage and where they learned these techniques. This study shows that the most known contemporary technique is communicative and less known contemporary language teaching techniques are blended/hybrid.
Anxiety in Language Testing: The APTIS Case
Authors: Valencia Robles Jeannette de Fátima
Published: November 2017

The requirement of holding a diploma which certifies proficiency level in a foreign language is constantly increasing in academic and working environments. Computer-based testing has become a prevailing tendency for these and other educational purposes. Each year large numbers of students take online language tests everywhere in the world. In fact, there is a tendency to use these tests more and more. However, many students might not feel comfortable when taking this type of exams. This paper describes a study regarding the fairly new APTIS Test (British Council). Thirty-one students took the test and responded to a structured online questionnaire on their feelings while taking it. Results indicate that the test brings a considerable amount of anxiety along with it.
Taking a Weight History – Using Mnemonics to Learn a Missing Skill in Medical Education
Authors: Kushner Robert
Published: November 2017

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. A major challenge facing medical educators today is to adequately train current and future physicians in the prevention and treatment of obesity, a key contributor to the global non-communicable disease burden. One of the central skills to be performed in the clinical encounter is to conduct a thorough and informative obesity-related history. Recent studies have confirmed the importance of the timing, pattern and trajectory of body weight as a predictor of multiple co-morbid conditions as well as future obesity. To provide a more structured and pedagogical approach to learning how to take a meaningful weight history, the familiar mnemonic "OPQRST" can be applied to facilitate this important element of the patient encounter.
Prematuridade, Funções Executivas e Qualidade dos Cuidados Parentais: Revisão Sistemática de Literatura
Authors: Doellinger Patrícia von , Soares Isabel , Sampaio Adriana , Mesquita Ana R. , Baptista Joana
Published: November 2017

RESUMO Este artigo de revisão visa contextualizar o desenvolvimento das funções executivas (FE) em crianças prematuras, com especial atenção para o efeito dos cuidados parentais. As principais bases eletrônicas foram utilizadas para essa revisão: 31 estudos originais, duas meta-análises, uma meta-síntese e dois artigos de revisão foram identificados. Concluiu-se que as crianças prematuras têm maior risco de disfunção executiva global, sendo a qualidade dos cuidados parentais fundamentais para a modulação das FE, nomeadamente no que concerne às variáveis socioemocionais da interação, como a sensibilidadematerna. Salientam-se ainda as principais limitações dos estudos analisados e apontam-se recomendações para futura investigação sobre os efeitos dos cuidados parentais no desenvolvimento de FE em crianças prematuras.
Aspectos Subjetivos da Amamentação e Desmame: Evidências em Três Casos
Authors: Ferrari Andrea Gabriela , Cherer Evandro de Quadros , Piccinini Cesar Augusto
Published: November 2017

RESUMO Este estudo investigou aspectos subjetivos da amamentação e do desmame aos três e oito meses de vida do bebê. Utilizou-se delineamento de estudo de caso coletivo, sendo que três mães primíparas responderam a uma entrevista sobre diversos aspectos da maternidade, sobretudo, a amamentação e o desmame. Análise de conteúdo qualitativa das respostas, baseada na psicanálise, revelou que a amamentação pode indicar uma relação incestuosa mãe-bebê, na qual este pode ser tomado como objeto de desejo materno. As mães também relataram experiências de prazer e desprazer associadas à amamentação, evidenciando ambivalências e dificuldades presentes. Portanto, este estudo indicou que a amamentação e o desmame abarcam significados e implicações para além do biológico, remetendo à relação mãe-filho, bem como à história constitutiva da própria mãe.
Productive performance of blackberry cultivars in altitude region
Authors: Oliveira Jéssica de , Cruz Maria do Céu Monteiro da , Moreira Rodrigo Amato , Fagundes Miriã Cristina Pereira , Sena Cintia Gonçalves
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT: Information on the production performance of blackberry in less colder regions are fundamentals to the expansion of the cultivated area and extension of management practices for cultivars adapted to climate conditions in Brazil. The research was carried out with the aim to evaluate the productive performance of different blackberries cultivars in altitude region of 1,387m with mild temperatures, situate at 18º14’56”S, 43º36’0”W, in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. It was carried during the seasons 2013/2014, 2014/2015 and 2015/2016. The blackberry cultivars evaluated were the following ones ‘Brazos’, ‘Guarani’, ‘Tupy’ and ‘Xavante’. Flowering and harvesting of cultivars were evaluated as well as climatological data of the area in order to relate the number of hours of accumulated cold less than 13°C, 10°C and 7.2°C with production and crop time. To determine the production, the mass of blackberries harvested per plant was measured. Production of blackberry cultivars was extended in altitude region with similar productivity to the other producing regions in Brazil. Productive performance of the cultivars varied according to the accumulation of cold hours with mild temperatures that occurred in cultivation region. ‘Brazos’, ‘Guarani’, ‘Tupy’ and ‘Xavante’ showed good adaptation, being ‘Brazos’ the cultivar most productive.
Fatores associados à iniciação sexual em mães de 14 a 16 anos em Porto Alegre/RS, Brasil
Authors: Spinola Mara Cristiany Rodrigues , Béria Jorge Umberto , Schermann Lígia Braun
Published: November 2017

Resumo O presente estudo analisou os fatores associados à iniciação sexual em 427 mães de 14 a 16 anos de Porto Alegre/RS/Brasil. Foram coletados dados referentes à condição sociodemográfica das adolescentes (cor da pele, religião e defasagem escolar) e dimensão reprodutiva (idade na menarca, idade na iniciação sexual, tipo de parceria na iniciação sexual e idade do parceiro) através de inquérito domiciliar. A avaliação dos dados foi realizada com o uso de análise bivariada e multivariada através de regressão de Poisson com variância robusta. Entre as adolescentes com iniciação sexual precoce (até os 14 anos), 77,4% tiveram menarca até os 12 anos e o parceiro na iniciação sexual foi casual em 16,4% dos casos. Essas variáveis foram associadas ao desfecho e mostram que menarca precoce (RP=1,26; IC95%:1,04-1,52) e parceiro casual na iniciação sexual (RP=1,28; IC95%:1,09-1,49) aumentam em, respectivamente, 26% e 28% a prevalência da iniciação sexual precoce. Este estudo evidencia a necessidade de fortalecer os programas e políticas de saúde já implantados, como o Programa Saúde do Escolar, e reforça que pais e professores precisam ser orientados de maneira integrada com o fim de facilitar o diálogo com as adolescentes e promover um aconselhamento adequado.
Prevalência de hemoglobinas variantes em comunidades quilombolas no estado do Piauí, Brasil
Authors: Soares Leonardo Ferreira , Lima Eleonidas Moura , Silva José Alexsandro da , Fernandes Suenia Soares , Silva Keyla Malba da Costa , Lins Sarah Pereira , Damasceno Bolivar Ponciano Goulart de Lima , Verde Roseane Mara Cardoso Lima , Gonçalves Marilda de Souza
Published: November 2017

Resumo As hemoglobinas variantes (Hb) decorrem de mutações nos genes da globina. As variantes estruturais mais frequentes são HbS, HbC, HbD e HbE. O gene da hemoglobina S tem frequência elevada na América, enquanto que no Brasil é maior no Sudeste e Nordeste. O presente artigo tem por objetivo investigar a presença de hemoglobinas variantes em 15 comunidades quilombolas do estado do Piauí. Foram analisadas 1.239 amostras, nas quais as hemoglobinas foram triadas pela cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (HPLC). Aplicou-se questionário referente a gênero, etnia e consanguinidade das populações. Das 1.239 amostras, 5,4% apresentaram o traço falciforme AS, as doenças falciformes SS e SC apareceram em 0,8% do total, nas hemoglobinas AC, AD e DD. Das 1.069 pessoas negras, 84 apresentaram alteração das hemoglobinas; destas, 34 eram do sexo masculino e 53 do feminino. Ocorreu a presença de 13 casamentos consanguíneos dentre as 84 alterações das hemoglobinas. O estudo das hemoglobinas variantes em 15 comunidades remanescentes de quilombos do Piauí contribui para sua educação em saúde frente aos aspectos da herança genética destas proteínas, relevante questão de saúde pública, proporcionando subsídios para a implantação do Programa Estadual da Doença Falciforme do Piauí.
Posição socioeconômica e deficiência: “Estudo Saúde em Belo Horizonte, Brasil”
Authors: Felicíssimo Mônica Faria , Friche Amélia Augusta de Lima , Xavier César Coelho , Proietti Fernando Augusto , Neves Jorge Alexandre Barbosa , Caiaffa Waleska Teixeira
Published: November 2017

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo é investigar a associação da posição socioeconômica e comorbidades com o autorrelato da deficiência. Dados provenientes de inquérito populacional em Belo Horizonte, entre 2008 e 2009. Amostragem foi probabilística, estratificada por conglomerados em três estágios: setor censitário, domicílio e indivíduos. A variável resposta foi deficiência, definida a partir do autorrelato de problemas nas funções ou nas estruturas do corpo. As variáveis explicativas foram: sexo, idade, morbidade referida e índice da posição socioeconômica que incluiu variáveis de escolaridade materna, do entrevistado e renda familiar. Empregou-se a análise fatorial para avaliar a composição do índice da posição socioeconômica e análise de regressão logística. A prevalência de deficiência foi de 10,43%. O autorrelato de deficiência associou-se à idade (OR = 1,02; IC 95%: 1,01-1,03), ao relato de duas ou mais doenças (OR = 3,24; 2,16-4,86) e ao índice da posição socioeconômica (OR = 0,96; IC 95%: 0,95-0,97). A pior posição socioeconômica e a ocorrência de doenças parecem contribuir para a ocorrência de deficiência. Esses resultados evidenciam as iniquidades em saúde entre as pessoas com deficiência e a relevância do BPC no atendimento a populações vulneráveis.
Interação equipe de enfermagem, família, e criança hospitalizada: revisão integrativa
Authors: Azevêdo Adriano Valério dos Santos , Lançoni Júnior Antônio Carlos , Crepaldi Maria Aparecida
Published: November 2017

Resumo Este estudo tem o objetivo de apresentar uma revisão integrativa de artigos científicos, referentes à produção nacional e internacional, sobre interação equipe de enfermagem, família, e criança hospitalizada. Foram realizadas consultas nas bases de dados Bireme, Lilacs, Medline, IBECS, Psyc Info, Science Direct, e Web of Science (2008-2013), o que permitiu identificar 31 artigos, os quais são representados pelos seguintes eixos temáticos: Relação interpessoal, Comunicação e Cuidado. O estabelecimento de relações interpessoais, de maneira técnica e formal, ocasiona dificuldades na comunicação e nas ações destinadas ao cuidado. O cuidado foi o tema predominante nestas pesquisas, acompanhantes reivindicam dos profissionais de saúde uma atenção ampliada às necessidades da criança e da família, e maior envolvimento de todos no processo de cuidado. Os resultados sugerem a necessidade da equipe de saúde reconhecer a dinâmica vivenciada pela díade (criança/acompanhante), para que possibilite desenvolver a atenção integral que favoreça a inclusão da família e da criança por meio de estratégias de humanização.
Triagem auditiva em idosos: avaliação da acurácia e reprodutibilidade do teste do sussurro
Authors: Labanca Ludimila , Guimarães Fernando Sales , Costa-Guarisco Letícia Pimenta , Couto Erica de Araújo Brandão , Gonçalves Denise Utsch
Published: November 2017

Resumo Devido à alta prevalência da presbiacusia e as suas consequências, métodos de triagem auditiva são necessários no âmbito da atenção primária. Diante disso, o objetivo do estudo foi verificar a reprodutibilidade e acurácia do teste do sussurro como metodologia de triagem auditiva em idosos. Trata-se de estudo transversal com medidas de acurácia que incluiu 210 idosos, entre 60 e 97 anos, submetidos ao teste do sussurro com dez expressões diferentes e ao exame de referência audiometria tonal limiar. Calculou-se a sensibilidade, a especificidade, o valor preditivo positivo, o valor preditivo negativo e a acurácia do teste, avaliada por meio da área sob a curva Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC). O teste foi repetido em 20% das orelhas por um segundo examinador com a finalidade de avaliar a reprodutibilidade interexaminador (RIE). As expressões que apresentaram melhor área sob a curva ROC (AUC) e RIE foram: “sapato” (AUC = 0,918; RIE = 0,877), “janela” (AUC = 0,917; RIE = 0,869), “parece que vai chover” (AUC = 0,911; RIE = 0,810) e o “ônibus está atrasado” (AUC = 0,900; RIE = 0,810). Estas são, pois, as expressões propostas para fazerem parte do protocolo do teste do sussurro que mostrou-se como uma ferramenta útil para triagem auditiva em idosos.
Eucalyptus sp. WOODCHIP POTENTIAL FOR INDUSTRIAL THERMAL ENERGY PRODUCTION1
Authors: Miranda Marcos Antonio da Silva , Ribeiro Gabriel Browne de Deus , Valverde Sebastião Renato , Isbaex Crismeire
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT The main objective of this work was to identify and analyze the potential of forest biomass of Eucalyptus sp. such as thermal energy source for industrial use in place of fossil fuels. Two cases were analyzed: the first one estimated the total demand for forest biomass to replace the main fossil fuels in Brazilian industrial sector, with scenarios of 100, 75 and 50% replacement; in the second, it was calculated the cost of each fuel for producing ton of industrial steam (thermal energy) for a dairy industry, in order to verify the competitiveness of forest biomass compared to fossil fuels. The results showed that the areas demanded to replace 100, 75 and 50% of the analyzed fossil fuels were, respectively, 2.9, 2.2 and 1.5 million planted forests hectares, and the steam ton cost ratio using the woodchips was at least 34% lower than with other fuels, which corroborates the substitution potential in this sector.
Estudo e aplicação de simulação computacional em problemas simples de mecânica dos fluidos e transferência de calor - Parte II: Problemas clássicos de transmissão de calor
Authors: Wehmann Claus Franz , Rocha Paulo Alexandre Costa , Silva Maria Eugênia Vieira da , Araújo Felipe Alves Albuquerque , Correia Daniel Leite
Published: November 2017

Dando continuidade ao estudo referente à utilização de Dinâmica dos Fluidos Computacional (DFC) no ensino de física e engenharia, o presente trabalho visa analisar e comparar, com fins didáticos, soluções obtidas numericamente com soluções analíticas e empíricas, comumente apresentadas em sala de aula e de interesse de laboratórios de graduação, de problemas clássicos envolvendo dinâmica dos fluidos e transferência de calor. Neste estudo o foco maior foi dado a problemas de transferência de calor. Para o cálculo das soluções numéricas foi utilizado um dos softwares representantes do estado da arte de DFC, o ANSYS CFX 12.1. Os problemas escolhidos foram: convecção em placa plana em regime laminar, escoamento laminar em torno de um cilindro aquecido, escoamento interno turbulento em dutos circulares aquecidos e trocador de calor de tubos concêntricos. Estes problemas, aqui apresentados, foram escolhidos e resolvidos por alunos de graduação, avalizando a utilidade da DFC como ferramenta de aprendizado de fenômenos físicos.
A EVOLUÇÃO DA MACROECONOMIA MODERNA ENTRE PERSPECTIVAS: EM BUSCA DE UMA SISTEMATIZAÇÃO
Authors: de Aguilar Filho Hélio Afonso , Saviani Filho Hermógenes
Published: November 2017

RESUMO Longe de ser uma reconstrução sintética de autores e ideias, a história do pensamento econômico se apresenta mais como narrativas entrecortadas por perspectivas distintas. Uma mostra disso pode ser encontrada em Keynes, que construiu sua teoria geral ao se opor ao que no seu entendimento seria a Escola Clássica, mas que abrangia a teoria neoclássica. Apesar das objeções ao solecismo de Keynes, a história das ideias econômicas passou, sem muitas ressalvas, a ser contada incorporando sua definição. Esse artigo busca sistematizar as principais contribuições à Macroeconomia a partir de duas perspectivas analíticas distintas, a de Keynes e a convencional, sumarizada por Joan Robinson. Sustentar-se-á que as diferentes classificações operadas por estas distintas abordagens geram indefinições na análise a respeito dos aspectos coincidentes e contraditórios das diversas teorias macroeconômicas.
ALLELOPATHIC INFLUENCE OF AQUATIC WEEDS ON AGRO-ECOSYSTEMS: A REVIEW
Authors: ABBAS T. , NADEEM M.A. , TANVEER A. , SYED S. , ZOHAIB A. , FAROOQ N. , SHEHZAD M.A.
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT Aquatic weeds are higher plants found in the aquatic ecosystem and in anaerobic rice fields, where they have no economic benefits. The continuance of aquatic weeds is more widespread than terrestrial weeds because in aquatic ecosystems there is very little fluctuation in the environmental conditions compared with terrestrial ecosystems. Scientists have been working to address the harmful allelopathic effects of aquatic weeds on the aquatic ecosystem, but limited information is available on the allelopathic influence of aquatic weeds on agro-ecosystems through the release of phytotoxic compounds. Phytotoxic chemicals released by different aquatic weeds into irrigation water and/or directly into rice ecosystems might have a significant inhibitory influence on germination, growth and yield field crops, soil properties and nutrients availability, population and community structure, and weed invasion. However, aquatic weeds might also be used as a potential organic alternative to chemical weed-control, due to the higher susceptibility of terrestrial weeds to the phototoxic chemicals released by aquatic weeds. Natural alternatives to chemical weed control are need of time and are crucial for a sustainable weed control. Chemical weed control is challenged, due to recent increases in herbicides resistance from weeds and to the harmful side-effects of herbicides on the environment. This review is focused on the influence of aquatic weeds on agro-ecosystems, with examples of common weeds in aquatic ecosystems and invasive aquatic weeds found in anaerobic rice.
ALLELOPATHIC EFFECT OF LEGUMINOUS WEEDS ON RATE, SYNCHRONIZATION AND TIME OF GERMINATION, AND BIOMASS PARTITIONING IN RICE
Authors: ZOHAIB A. , ANJUM S.A. , JABBAR A. , TABASSUM T. , ABBAS T. , NAZIR U.
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT The present study was aimed at determining the allelopathic influence of water extracts at varying concentrations (2.5% and 5% w/v) and residues with varying decomposition periods (0, 15 and 30 days) at 2% (w/w) concentration of four weeds (Trigonella polycerata, Vicia sativa, Lathyrus aphaca, Medicago polymorpha) against rate, synchronization and time of germination, and biomass partitioning of rice through plant and soil bioassays. Germination and biomass partitioning in rice plants were inhibited by extracts and residues. The maximum decrease in energy of germination (88.6%) and increase in time for 50% germination (210.4%) were caused by the L. aphaca extract at 5% concentration as compared to control. Root and shoot, fresh weight (13.6 and 28.6%, respectively) and dry weight (20.4 and 41.7%, respectively) were reduced by the M. polymorpha extract at 5% concentration. The Vicia sativa extract at both concentrations caused a great increase in the root/shoot ratio (125-145.8%). Trigonella polycerata and V. sativa residues decomposed for 30 days caused maximum inhibition of energy of emergence (71.4%) and their decomposition for zero and 15 days, respectively, inhibited coefficient of uniformity of emergence (78.9%). Medicago polymorpha and L. aphaca residues decomposed for 30 days exaggerated time for 50% emergence (47.1 and 50.3%, respectively) when compared with control. Medicago polymorpha residues decomposed for 30 days exerted the greatest inhibitory effect on shoot fresh weight (46.1%) and root dry weight (59.9%). Vicia sativa with 30 days and T. polycerata residues without decomposition produced the least root fresh weight (65.3%) and shoot dry weight (52.6%), respectively. The root/shoot ratio (56.8%) was increased by T. polycerata residues without decomposition. Phenolics from leguminous weeds caused inhibition of germination/emergence and biomass partitioning in rice. Therefore, these weeds must be eradicated from the field at their initial growth stages.
Deterministic and random FEM analysis of full-scale unreinforced and reinforced embankments
Authors: Luo N. , Bathurst R. J.
Published: November 2017

This paper presents the results of numerical simulations of one physical full-scale unreinforced embankment and two reinforced embankments taken to failure using a strip footing. The embankments were 3.4 m in height and were constructed with the same slope using the same sand backfill. One reinforced embankment was constructed with a relatively weak and extensible geogrid material and the other with a relatively stronger and stiffer geogrid product. Deterministic finite element method (FEM) and random finite element method (RFEM) analyses were carried out and the results compared to observed performance. Analyses were performed assuming vertical spatial variability in soil strength at a scale of fluctuation matching the compaction lift thickness of the physical tests and treating the soil as a random (homogeneous) material. Both deterministic and probabilistic analyses showed good agreement with the measured bearing capacity of the footing in each full-scale test. However, the assumption of vertically anisotropic spatial variability in soil strength was shown to achieve a better match with the observed failure mechanism in each of the embankments.
Impact mechanisms of granular flow against curved barriers
Authors: Choi C. E. , Cui Y. , Liu L. H. D. , Ng C. W. W. , Lourenço S. D. N.
Published: November 2017

Curved seawalls remain one of the most widely adopted coastal-protection measure. A curved face redirects flow momentum and prevents waves from overtopping. Likewise, the use of curvatures for landslide barriers merits investigation given their potential engineering value in reducing the runup height and impact force of geophysical flows. In this study, flume tests were carried out to explore the impact mechanism of dry granular flow against a curved barrier. The impact force, runup height and regime transition path of granular flow for both vertical and curved barriers were compared under different Froude conditions (Fr = 4·7 and 6·4). The results reveal that in comparison to a vertical barrier, curved barriers reduce the runup height and elongate the duration of impact by up to 17 and 15%, respectively. For curved barriers, the impact force is reduced by up to 25% for coarser granular flows. By contrast, the impact force does not exhibit a significant reduction for finer granular flows. Furthermore, results demonstrate that curved barriers are most suitable for reducing the impact force and suppressing the runup height for more inertial flows, specifically Fr > 6·4 in this study. The phase diagram suggests the curved barrier prompts the transition from airborne jet regime to dead zone regime. The results demonstrate that curved barriers show promising engineering value for mitigating geophysical flows.
Mechanical behaviour of fly-ash-treated expansive soil
Authors: Mir Bashir A. , Sridharan Asuri
Published: November 2017

A major source of electrical energy is thermal power, which results in large quantities of coal ashes. Fly ash, which is produced from the combustion of pulverised coal, has an important place among industrial by-products. Currently, in India, more than 180 Mt of fly ash is being generated annually, posing the dual problem of environmental pollution and difficulty in disposal. This calls for establishing strategies to use the product as an engineered construction material in geotechnical applications for which the mechanical behaviour of soil–fly-ash mixes is an important consideration. In this study, high-calcium (class C) and low-calcium (class F) fly ashes in different proportions by weight were added to expansive soil to evaluate the effect of fly ashes on the strength behaviour of soil–fly-ash mixtures. Compacted clay–fly-ash samples were cured for 7 and 28 d and subjected to unconfined compression tests. It was found that 20% of class C fly ash is the optimum quantity to improve the characteristics of expansive soil, compared with 60% of class F fly ash. The main objective of the study was to illustrate the beneficial effects of fly ashes on the mechanical behaviour of fly-ash-treated expansive soil.
On Intergenerational Immobility: Evidence that Adult Credit Health Reflects the Childhood Environment
Authors: Goodman Sarena , Henriques Alice , Mezza Alvaro
Published: November 2017

Using a novel dataset that links socioeconomic background to future credit, postsecondary education, and federal student loan and grant records, we document that, even though it is not and cannot be used by credit agencies in assigning risk, background is a strong predictor of adult credit health. A relationship remains upon inclusion of achievement, attainment, and debt management metrics. These findings reveal a new dimension along which childhood circumstances persist into adulthood and imply that the many important contexts in which credit scores are relied upon to evaluate individuals (e.g., lending, insurance, employment) may be helping to preserve inherited inequities.
Updates to the Sampling of Wealthy Families in the Survey of Consumer Finances
Authors: Bricker Jesse , Henriques Alice , Moore Kevin
Published: November 2017

Participation in household surveys has fallen over time, making it harder to produce a household survey-like the Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF)-in a timely manner. To address these challenges, the reference year of the sampling frame data for the 2016 SCF wealthy oversample was shifted back one year, allowing the oversample to be selected earlier than the past. In implementing this change, though, we risk identifying an outdated set of families and introducing variability in the sampling process. However, we show that the set of families selected in the new frame are observationally equivalent to those that would have been selected from a past frame, and that the increased variability of wealth estimates is compensated-for with the use of more comprehensive data than in the past. Other aspects of the SCF sampling process are revisited, too. We continue to find support for using permanent income in the sampling process, rather than annual income. We also estimate the geographic distribution of wealthy families and show that the current distribution is similar to the past. We propose adding one geographic area to the oversample, though, and supplementing by 100 the set of sampled families.
Bank Failures, Capital Buffers, and Exposure to the Housing Market Bubble
Authors: Kara Gazi I. , Vojtech Cindy M.
Published: November 2017

We empirically document that banks with greater exposure to high home price-to-income ratio regions in 2005 and 2006 have higher mortgage delinquency and charge-off rates and significantly higher probabilities of failure during the last financial crisis even after controlling for capital, liquidity, and other standard bank performance measures. While high price-to-income ratios present a greater likelihood of house price correction, we find no evidence that banks managed this risk by building stronger capital buffers. Our results suggest that there is scope for improved measures of mortgage loan risk that could be considered for regulatory and risk management applications.
Learning and the Value of Trade Relationships
Authors: Monarch Ryan , Schmidt-Eisenlohr Tim
Published: November 2017

This paper quantifies the value of importer-exporter relationships. We show that almost 80 percent of U.S. imports take place in pre-existing relationships, with sizable heterogeneity across countries, and show that traded quantities and survival increase as relationships age. We develop a two-country general equilibrium trade model with learning that is consistent with these facts. A model-based measure of relationship value explains survival during the 2008-09 crisis. Knowledge accumulated within long-term relationships is quantitatively important: wiping out all memory from previous interactions, on average, reduces consumption by 5 percent on impact and by 48 percent over the transition back to steady state.
Sisteme ortografice și identitate lingvistică la comunitatea românofonă din estul Serbiei
Authors: Huțanu Monica , Sorescu-Marinković Annemarie
Published: November 2017

În studiul de față ne ocupăm dintr-o perspectivă preponderent sociolingvistică de sistemele de scriere create de-a lungul timpului pentru reprezentarea grafică a variantei limbii române vorbite de comunitatea românofonă din Serbia de est. Urmărim în special ce influențează alegerea unui alfabet (latin sau chirilic), a unor convenții ortografice și a unui sistem de scriere și cum se corelează această alegere cu atitudinea ideologică (reintegraționistă sau independentistă) a propunătorilor. În acest scop, analizăm sistemele ortografice utilizate pentru redarea vernacularei în „Vorba noastră”, prima publicație în varianta locală (1945–1948), și mai ales sistemele propuse în ultimii 20 de ani de membrii comunității angajați în dispute politice și lingvistice (Paun Es Durlić, Dragomir Dragić, Slavoljub Gacović, Ljubiša lu Boža Kići, Societatea „Gergina”). Analiza și compararea sistemelor demonstrează importanța factorilor ideologici, sociali și politici în crearea și impunerea unei ortografii pentru un idiom nescris.
Do Business School Libraries Outsource? A Study of Gujarat State
Authors: Zala Lavji N.
Published: November 2017

The study focuses on how business school libraries use “outsourcing” as a management tool to deliver good quality at low cost. It also examines the reasons, advantages and disadvantages behind outsourcing. To get the data about outsourcing of functions, services from business school libraries, a questionnaire was sent to 87 business school libraries in Gujarat (India). The findings indicate that many libraries use “Outsourcing” as an effective management tool and most libraries outsource their technical and computer related operations.