bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Src42A is required for E-cadherin dynamics at cell junctions during Drosophila axis elongation
Authors: Chandran Lenin , Backer Wilko , Schleutker Raphael , Kong Deqing , Beati Seyed A. H. , Luschnig Stefan , Müller H.-Arno J.
Published: January 2023

Src kinases are important regulators of cell adhesion. Here, we have explored the function of Src42A in junction remodelling during Drosophila gastrulation. Src42A is required for tyrosine phosphorylation at bicellular (bAJ) and tricellular (tAJ) junctions in germband cells, and localizes to hotspots of mechanical tension. The role of Src42A was investigated using maternal RNAi and CRISPR-Cas9-induced germline mosaics. We find that, during cell intercalations, Src42A is required for the contraction of junctions at anterior-posterior cell interfaces. The planar polarity of E-cadherin is compromised and E-cadherin accumulates at tricellular junctions after Src42A knockdown. Furthermore, we show that Src42A acts in concert with Abl kinase, which has also been implicated in cell intercalations. Our data suggest that Src42A is involved in two related processes: in addition to establishing tension generated by the planar polarity of MyoII, it may also act as a signalling factor at tAJs to control E-cadherin residence time.
A Fondrakö text: Cultural religious tradition and social integration of community
Authors: Zaluchu Sonny E.
Published: January 2023

Fondrakö is the local wisdom of the Nias ethnic community and has two functions. First are the oral religious holy book teaching ancestors' values and philosophy. Second is the highest consensus institution of the traditional society formulating and making decisions on the socio-religious law to guarantee the order of the community. This paper explains that social differentiation has happened in the modern era; philosophical values of fondrakö remain to live up to this day and experience the proliferation of rites. The argumentation built through this paper is that primitive culture will not simply disappear in the modern community just because it experiences accommodation and the decrease of emotional intensity into new forms. Social laws of primitive religion are not always contradictory and can run parallel with civilization.
Time Inconsistency and Financial Covenants
Authors: Xiang Haotian
Published: January 2023

Financial covenants influence firm behavior by state-contingently allocating decision rights. I develop a quantitative model with long-term debt where shareholders cannot commit to not dilute existing lenders with new debt issuances. Lenders intervene on covenant violations but cannot commit either to any debt restructuring plan ex ante. Counterfactual experiments suggest that financial covenants significantly reduce default probability and increase firm value. However, the value creation is limited by lenders’ limited commitment. A hump-shaped relation between covenant tightness and firm value emerges, reflecting a balance between limited commitment on two sides.

This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance.

Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4667 .
Off-Platform Threats in On-Demand Services
Authors: He Eryn Juan , Savin Sergei , Goh Joel , Teo Chung-Piaw
Published: January 2023

Problem definition: Online platforms that provide on-demand services are often threatened by the phenomenon of leakage, where customer-provider pairs may decide to transact “off-platform” to avoid paying commissions to the platform. This paper investigates properties of services that make them vulnerable or resistant to leakage. Academic/practical relevance: In practice, much attention has been given to platform leakage, with platforms experimenting with multiple approaches to alleviate leakage and maintain their customer and provider bases. Yet, there is a current dearth of studies in the operations literature that systematically analyze the key factors behind platform leakage. Our work fills this gap and answers practical questions regarding the sustainability of platform. Methodology: We develop two game-theoretical models that capture service providers’ and customers’ decisions whether to conduct transactions on or off the platform. In the first (“perfect information”) model, we assume that customers are equipped with information to select their desired providers on the platform, whereas in the second (“imperfect information”) model, we assume customers are randomly matched with available providers by the platform. Results: For profit maximizing platforms, we show that leakage occurs if and only if the value of the counterparty risk from off-platform transactions exceeds a threshold. Across both models, platforms tend to be more immunized against leakage as provider pool sizes increase, customer valuations for service increase, their waiting costs decrease, or variability in service times are reduced. Finally, by comparing the degree of leakage between both settings, we find that neither model dominates the other across all parameter combinations. Managerial implications: Our results provide guidance to existing platform managers or entrepreneurs who are considering “platforming” their services. Namely, based on a few key features of the operating environment, managers can assess the severity of the threat of platform leakage for their specific business context. Our results also suggest how redesigning the waiting process, reducing service time variability, upskilling providers can reduce the threat of leakage. They also suggest the conditions under which revealing provider quality information to customers can help to curb leakage.

Funding: J. Goh’s work was supported by a National University of Singapore Start-Up [Grant R-314-000-110-133] and a 2021 Humanities and Social Sciences Fellowship from the National University of Singapore.

Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.1179 .
Understanding the mechanisms of spontaneous and skin-grafted wound repair: the path to engineered skin grafts
Authors: Garcia Nicole , Lau Lachlan Dat Wah , Lo Cheng Hean , Cleland Heather , Akbarzadeh Shiva
Published: January 2023

Spontaneous wound repair is a complex process that involves overlapping phases of inflammation, proliferation and remodelling, co-ordinated by growth factors and proteases. In extensive wounds such as burns, the repair process would not be achieved in a timely fashion unless grafted. Although spontaneous wound repair has been extensively described, the processes by which wound repair mechanisms mediate graft take are yet to be fully explored. This review describes engraftment stages and summarises current understanding of molecular mechanisms which regulate autologous skin graft healing, with the goal of directing innovation in permanent wound closure with skin substitutes. Graftability and vascularisation of various skin substitutes that are either in the market or in development phase are discussed. In doing so, we cast a spotlight on the paucity of scientific information available as to how skin grafts (both autologous and engineered) heal a wound bed. Better understanding of these processes may assist in developing novel methods of wound management and treatments.
Surgical wound care preferences and priorities from the perspectives of patients: a qualitative analysis
Authors: Walker Rachel M , Rattray Megan , Lockwood Ishtar , Chaboyer Wendy , Lin France , Roberts Shelley , Perry Jodie , Birgan Sean , Nieuwenhoven Paul , Garrahy Elizabeth , Probert Rosalind , Gillespie Brigid M
Published: January 2023

Objective:

To explore patients' priorities and preferences for optimal care of their acute or hard-to-heal surgical wound(s).

Method:

This qualitative study involved semi-structured individual interviews with patients receiving wound care in Queensland, Australia. Convenience and snowball sampling were used to recruit patients from inpatient and outpatient settings between November 2019 and January 2020. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis. Emergent themes were discussed by all investigators to ensure consensus.

Results:

A total of eight patients were interviewed, five of whom were male (average median age: 70.5 years; interquartile range (IQR): 45–80 years). Four interrelated themes emerged from the data that describe the patients' surgical wound journey: experiencing psychological and psychosocial challenges; taking back control by actively engaging in care; seeking out essential clinician attributes; and collaborating with clinicians to enable an individualised approach to their wound care.

Conclusion:

Findings from this study indicate that patients want to actively collaborate with clinicians who have caring qualities, professional skills and knowledge, and be involved in decision-making to ensure care meets their individual needs.
Management of Pelvic Fractures and Hip Dislocation in Pregnancy: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Tomer Divya , Tupe Rishikesh , Bartakke Girishchandra , Bhoi Kedar
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Trauma is the leading non-obstetric cause of maternal mortality during pregnancy and pelvic fractures are challenging to manage in such cases due to the effect of trauma on the gravid uterus and altered maternal physiology. About 8–16% of pregnant females can have fatal outcome after trauma, with pelvic fractures contributing majorly to the same, and also can have severe fetomaternal complications. There are only two cases reported till date of hip dislocation in pregnancy, with very little literature available on its outcome. Case Report: We, hereby, present a case of a 40-year-old pregnant female hit by a moving car with the right superior and inferior pubic rami fracture and left anterior hip dislocation. Closed reduction of the left hip was done under anesthesia and pubic rami fractures were managed conservatively. On follow-up after 3 months, the fracture was completely healed and the patient had a normal vaginal delivery. We have also reviewed management protocols for such cases. Aggressive maternal resuscitation is important for both maternal and fetal survival. Pelvic fractures should not be left unreduced in such cases to prevent mechanical dystocia and can have a good outcome with both closed and open reduction and fixation techniques. Conclusion: Pelvic fractures in pregnancy should be treated by careful maternal resuscitation and timely intervention. The majority of such patients can deliver vaginally if the fracture heals before delivery. Keywords: Pelvic fractures in pregnancy, hip dislocation in pregnancy, trauma in pregnancy, acetabular plating, open reduction internal fixation in pregnancy.
An unusual presentation of mycetoma around knee joint as a subcutaneous mass – A case report
Authors: Singh Bhupendar , Gehlot Rishita , Saxena Medhavi , Bharwani Nandlal , Bhati Mahesh
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Mycetoma is a form of chronic granulomatous disease which involves subcutaneous tissues and causes bone destruction in advanced stages. The characteristic features are sinus formation, granules formation, and mass in subcutaneous region. Case Report: A 19-year-old male presented to our out-patient clinic with complaint of a painless swelling around the medial aspect of the right knee joint for 8 months with no sinus or discharge of granules. Pes anserinus bursitis was thought of as differential diagnosis for the present condition. “Staging-classification of mycetoma” is commonly used for classifying mycetoma and as per classification, the present case had Stage-A. Conclusion: Single-stage local excision was performed and supplemented with anti-fungal agent for 6 months, which showed good outcome at the final follow-up of 13 months. Keywords: Eumycetoma, wide excision, antifungal agents, knee.
A Novel Light-Weight DCNN Model for Classifying Plant Diseases on Internet of Things Edge Devices
Authors: Minh Hoang Trong , Anh Tuan Pham , Nhan Van Nguyen
Published: January 2023

One of the essential aspects of smart farming and precision agriculture is quickly and accurately identifying diseases. Utilizing plant imaging and recently developed machine learning algorithms, the timely detection of diseases provides many benefits to farmers regarding crop and product quality. Specifically, for farmers in remote areas, disease diagnostics on edge devices is the most effective and optimal method to handle crop damage as quickly as possible. However, the limitations posed by the equipment’s limited resources have reduced the accuracy of disease detection. Consequently, adopting an efficient machine-learning model and decreasing the model size to fit the edge device is an exciting problem that receives significant attention from researchers and developers. This work takes advantage of previous research on deep learning model performance evaluation to present a model that applies to both the Plant-Village laboratory dataset and the Plant-Doc natural-type dataset. The evaluation results indicate that the proposed model is as effective as the current state-of-the-art model. Moreover, due to the quantization technique, the system performance stays the same when the model size is reduced to accommodate the edge device.
The Use of the Multi-Scale Discrete Wavelet Transform and Deep Neural Networks on ECGs for the Diagnosis of 8 Cardio-Vascular Diseases
Authors: Soumiaa Mhamed-Amine , Elhabbari Sara , Mansouri Mohamed
Published: January 2023

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) continues to be the leading cause of death worldwide, with over 17 million deaths each year. In 2015, approximately 422 million people suffered from cardiovascular disease (CVD). Reading and analyzing electrocardiograms (ECGs) can be time consuming, and the development of decision support tools based on automated systems can facilitate and speed up the diagnosis of ECGs. In this paper, we propose a 12 leads ECG signals classification using Multi-level Discrete Wavelet Transform and ResNet34 Deep Learning algorithm which classifies 8 types of cardiovascular diseases: Atrial fibrillation (AF), 1st degree atrioventricular block (AV), Left bundle branch block (LBBB), Right bundle branch block (RBBB), Premature ventricular contraction (PVC), Premature atrial contraction (PAC), ST segment depression (STD), and ST segment elevation (STE). The ECGs are preprocessed, and different features are extracted using Multi-level Discrete Wavelet Transform. The model is trained on a database of more than 6000 electrocardiograms which includes 9 types of 12-lead ECGs: a normal type and the 8 abnormal ones which correspond to the diseases mentioned above.
Explanation and Speedup Comparison of Advanced Path-planning Algorithms Presented on Two-dimensional Grid
Authors: Soustek Petr , Matousek Radomil , Dvorak Jiri , Manakova Lenka
Published: January 2023

Path planning or network route planning problems are an important issue in AI, robotics, or computer games. Appropriate implementation and knowledge of advanced and classical path-planning algorithms can be important for both autonomous navigation systems and computer games. In this paper, we compare advanced path planning algorithms implemented on a two-dimensional grid. Advanced path planning algorithms, including pseudocode, are introduced. The experiments were performed in the Python environment, thus with a significant performance margin over C++ or Rust implementations. The main focus is on the speedup of the algorithms compared to a baseline method, which was chosen to be the well-known Dijkstra's algorithm. All experiments correspond to trajectories on a two-dimensional grid, with variously defined constraints. The motion from each node corresponds to a Moore neighborhood, i.e., it is possible in eight directions. In this paper, three well-known path planning algorithms are described and compared: the Dijkstra, A* and A* /w Bounding Box. And two advanced methods are included, namely Jump Point Search (JPS), incorporated with the Bounding Box variant (JPS+BB), and Simple Subgoal (SS). These advanced methods clearly show their advantage in the context of the speed up of solution time.
Hyperspectral camera as a compact payload architecture for remote sensing applications
Authors: Morales-Norato David , Urrea Sergio , Garcia Hans , Rodriguez-Ferreira Julian , Martinez Elizabeth , Arguello Henry , Silva-Lora Alberto , Torres Rafael , Acero Ignacio F. , Hernández Francisco L. , Cárdenas Lorena P. , Rincón Sonia
Published: January 2023

Monitoring and observation over the surface of the Earth have been a matter of global interest. In this path, recent efforts aim to develop a spatial mission to perform remote sensing applications. Mainly, CubeSat nanosatellites have emerged as a standard for developing low-weight and small-sized instruments. In terms of payloads, state-of-the-art optical systems for CubeSats are expensive and designed to work in general use cases. To overcome these limitations, this paper presents a 1.4 U compact optical system to acquire spectral images from a CubeSat standard satellite at the height of 550 km. To validate the proposed architecture, optical simulations using ray tracing simulation software are presented. Because the performance of computer vision tasks is highly related to data quality, we compared the optical system in terms of the classification performance on a real remote sensing application. The performances of the optical characterization and land cover classification show that the proposed optical system achieves a compact instrument, operating at a spectral range from 450 nm to 900 nm discretized on 35 spectral bands. The optical system has an overall

f

-number of 3.41 with a ground sampling distance of 52.8 m and a swath of 40 km. Additionally, the design parameters for each optical element are publicly available for validation, repeatability, and reproducibility of the results.
Satellite continuous-variable quantum key distribution systems using code-division multiple access
Authors: Phan Hang T. T. , Vu Minh B. , Pham Hien T. T. , Dang Ngoc T.
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we propose a novel architecture of the satellite continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) system that can not only support multiple users but also enhance the security. The satellite CV-QKD system is based on a code-division multiple access (CDMA) technique to simultaneously transmit multiple key streams from a trusted satellite to a ground station, which passively forwards these key streams to multiple users nearby via optical fibers. Our proposed architecture avoids using multiple ground stations that result in high costs. We analyze the performance of the proposed system under the negative impacts of atmospheric attenuation and atmospheric turbulence, as well as beam spreading and pointing error loss. Especially, the impact of multiple user interference is also considered in our analysis. The numerical results show that the proposed QKD system using CDMA can support multiple users, whose performance metrics such as quantum bit-error rate (QBER), sifted probability, and secret key rate meet the designed targets. The eavesdroppers suffer high QBER and low sifted probability, thus the security is guaranteed.
Downregulation of COL12A1 and COL13A1 by a selective EP2 receptor agonist, omidenepag, in human trabecular meshwork cells
Authors: Kumon Masashi , Fuwa Masahiro , Shimazaki Atsushi , Odani-Kawabata Noriko , Iwamura Ryo , Yoneda Kenji , Kato Masatomo
Published: January 2023

Omidenepag isopropyl (OMDI) is an intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering drug used to treat glaucoma. The active form of OMDI, omidenepag (OMD), lowers elevated IOP, the main risk factor for glaucoma, by increasing the aqueous humor outflow; however, a detailed understanding of this mechanism is lacking. To clarify the IOP-lowering mechanism of OMDI, the effects of OMD on the mRNA expression of the extracellular matrix, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) were evaluated in human trabecular meshwork cells. Under 2D culture conditions, the mRNA expression ofFN1,COL1A1,COL1A2,COL12A1, andCOL13A1decreased in a concentration-dependent manner after 6 or 24 h treatment with 10 nM, 100 nM, and 1 μM OMD, while that ofCOL18A1decreased after 6 h treatment with 1 μM OMD. Significant changes in expression were observed for many MMP and TIMP genes. Under 3D culture conditions, the extracellular matrix-related genesCOL12A1andCOL13A1were downregulated by OMD treatment at all three concentrations. Under both 2D and 3D culture conditions,COL12A1andCOL13A1were downregulated following OMD treatment. Reduction in the extracellular matrix contributes to the decrease in outflow resistance, suggesting that the downregulation of the two related genes may be one of the factors influencing the IOP-lowering effect of OMDI. Our findings provide insights for the use of OMDI in clinical practice.
La lengua de explicación en la presentación del vocabulario y sus efectos en la adquisición léxica en español LE/L2
Authors: Hidalgo Gallardo Matías
Published: January 2023

En un contexto de revalorización léxica, este estudio analiza los efectos de la lengua de explicación (L1 o L2) en la fase de presentación del vocabulario. Para ello, se evalúa el impacto a corto y medio plazo de tres métodos directos de presentación léxica (listado de palabras, ejemplos y texto glosado), que se sirven, bien de la traducción en L1 (italiano), bien de definiciones en L2 (español), y de un método indirecto (inferencia por contexto) en la recuperación y reconocimiento de vocabulario en español por parte de 161 estudiantes de español como lengua extranjera de nacionalidad italiana. Además del efecto de la lengua de instrucción y del método de presentación, se examinan la influencia del tipo de instrucción (intencional o incidental) y el grado de adquisición del conocimiento productivo frente al receptivo y del conocimiento formal frente al semántico. Dichos estudiantes realizaron una serie de pruebas de clasificación lingüística, cuyos resultados arrojaron un nivel intermedio (B1-B2). Las unidades meta evaluadas son de naturaleza monoverbal y presentan niveles muy bajos de frecuencia, incluso representan variedades dialectales del español. Los informantes fueron sometidos a dos pruebas: un test inmediato tras la intervención didáctica y otro postergado una semana. En ambos se midieron cuatro constructos de naturaleza productiva y receptiva que daban cuenta de la conexión forma-significado (por orden, se evaluó la recuperación de la forma, la recuperación del significado, el reconocimiento formal y, finalmente, el reconocimiento semántico). Los resultados revelan beneficios significativamente mayores para los métodos intencionales, con protagonismo del texto glosado. El conocimiento receptivo (frente al productivo) y el semántico (frente al formal) se adquiere con mayor facilidad. Sin embargo, no se aprecian diferencias significativas en función de la lengua de explicación. Asimismo, se constata una leve disminución general en el recuerdo léxico a medio plazo, con mayor propensión al olvido por medio de la lista.
Ameliorating effect of Mucuna pruriens seed extract on sodium arsenite-induced testicular toxicity and hepato-renal histopathology in rats
Authors: Concessao Preethi Lavina , Bairy Kurady Laxminarayana , Raghavendra Archana Parampalli
Published: January 2023

Background and Aim: A significant cause of arsenic poisoning is polluted groundwater. Arsenic poisoning results in the suppression of spermatogenesis and the liver and kidneys are vulnerable to the toxic effects as well. Mucuna pruriens has been identified to have fertility-enhancing and anti-lipid peroxidation properties. Based on these properties of M. pruriens, this study aimed to investigate the efficacy of M. pruriens seed extract in reducing sodium arsenite-induced testicular impairment and hepato-renal histopathology in rats.

Materials and Methods: The study was divided into two groups; short-term (45 days) and long-term (90 days) treatment groups and each group was divided into nine subgroups. Subgroups 1 and 2 served as normal and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) controls, respectively. Subgroups 3–9 received sodium arsenite in the drinking water (50 mg/L). Subgroup-4 received NAC (210 mg/kg body weight [BW]) orally once daily. Subgroups 5–7 received aqueous seed extract of M. pruriens (350, 530, and 700 mg/kg BW, respectively) orally once daily. Subgroups 8 and 9 received a combination of NAC and aqueous seed extract (350 and 530 mg/kg BW, respectively) orally once daily. Following the treatment, animals were sacrificed and sperm parameters and DNA damage were evaluated. Testis, liver, and kidneys were analyzed for histopathology.

Results: Sodium arsenite-induced a significant reduction in sperm parameters and increase in the abnormal architecture of spermatozoa. Histology revealed tissue necrosis. The M. pruriens seed extract ameliorated the damaging effects of sodium arsenite with respect to tissue architecture and sperm parameters when coadministered.

Conclusion: Mucuna pruriens has beneficial effects against the deleterious effects of sodium arsenite on various tissues. Thus, M. pruriens (530 and 700 mg/kg BW) supplementation would reduce the adverse changes observed with sodium arsenite exposure.
Lesión y reparación de la vía biliar: Serie de casos desde 1989 hasta 2020
Authors: Sánchez Piedra Genaro Miguel , Sánchez León José Adrián , Sánchez León Juan Sebastián , Parra Álvarez Marcela Nataly
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND: The benign lesion of the bile duct is a complication of difficult diagnosis and treatment; which has increased due to the use of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in the management of cholecystolithiasis. Rates of 0.2 to 0.4% of bile duct injuries have been reported, becoming a significant cause of mortality at the time of repair. METHODS: This is an observational, descriptive study, a retrospective case series, based on primary sources of information. The universe of the study are the patients who underwent surgery for bile duct injury from 1989 to 2020, in a private clinic in the city of Cuenca-Ecuador. RESULTS: In more than 30 years, 24 bile duct injury repairs were performed, which occurred: 6 during conventional surgery and 18 during laparoscopic surgery. 54.2% of the lesions occurred less than two centimeters from the confluence of the hepatic ducts. 58.4% of lesions were repaired with Roux-en-Y anastomosis. Antibiotic therapy and drainage were administered to 100% of the patients; 45.83% of the drains placed were tubular drains. 70.8% of the patients didn´t have complications after the repair procedure; the complications that occurred are: bilioma, fistulas, stenosis, cholangitis. CONCLUSION: In most patients who had bile duct injury, the injury occurred during laparoscopic surgery. The injury was most often located less than two centimeters from the confluence of the hepatic ducts. The most frequently performed repair procedure was the Roux-en-Y anastomosis. The most frequent complication after repair was cholangitis.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN INDUSTRY: BENEFITS, COSTS AND RISKS
Authors: Temnikov Andrey , Podshivalova Mariya
Published: January 2023

In the context of digital economy, as it tends to toughen the competition and present new opportunities and methods for business optimization, a growing number of industrial companies set up digital transformation projects. The main goal of the article is to review and systematize the potential benefits, costs and risks of digital transformation for companies from the point of informational approach. In addition, the study proves the significance of further research in the area of digital transformation of enterprises and presents the comparison of digital transformation costs with other investment costs. In order to meet the goals of research, the methods of scientific and applied literature review systematization, comparison and synthesis have been used. The authors have generalized the existing views on the benefits of digital projects implementation, identifying three common groups among them. Based on results of quantitative analysis of the research, the authors have noted the growing interest of scientific community, including in Russia, in digital transformation area. Furthermore, most common digitization costs of Russian companies (especially, industrial ones) have been highlighted, and the interrelation with investment costs has been stated. The authors have made a conclusion on the prevailing nature of infrastructural digital costs. Besides, the assumptions for the future increase in digital costs have been explained. In conclusion, the most common risks of digital transformation projects have been reviewed. Finally, the authors have underlined the importance of setting up efficient cost and risk management system for digital transformation projects in advance that proves the value of the research for both business and scientific circles.
AN INTEGRATED METHOD FOR ASSESSING THE ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY OF INDUSTRIAL SECTOR ENTERPRISES
Authors: Volkov Vadim , Khudyakova Tatyana
Published: January 2023

The problem of economic sustainability of industrial enterprises is becoming more and more relevant in modern economic reality. This is explained by the increasing rates of occurrence of fluctuations of various genesis affecting the external and internal environment of an economic entity. Managing the development of an enterprise without maintaining the stability of its economic status is not effective in today's reality. Standard approaches to conducting economic activity and anti-crisis economic policy lose the ability to maintain the stability of the enterprise. Completely new factors and threats of a destructive nature, such as the global pandemic that has disrupted the established supply chains, and the geopolitical tensions, force managers to make renovation management decisions. To generate a successful strategy for the sustainable development of an industrial enterprise, it is necessary to establish in detail the basis and essence of the category of economic sustainability. To achieve this goal, a research of modern approaches to understanding economic sustainability and factors affecting the sustainable development of industrial enterprises was carried out. The main criteria indicators that have the maximum impact on the sustainable development of economic entities without reference to the volume of production and the main field of activity were established. The process of solving the task was based on statistical and factor analysis, on the grounds of which a quantitative assessment of economic sustainability was made. The results obtained can form the basis for the strategic development of mechanisms for sustainable management of industrial sector enterprises of any scale.
FACTORS DETERMINING THE LEVEL OF FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY OF AN INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE
Authors: Korsunova Olga , Khudyakova Tatyana
Published: January 2023

Over the past few years, industrial enterprises have been forced to operate in difficult economic conditions, which are characterized by rising prices for necessary resources, a decrease in the level of purchasing power, high interest rates on loans, transport, logistics and other problems. In this regard, there is a need to identify and analyze the factors of the external and internal environment that can destabilize the situation at the enterprise. A number of approaches to the classification of factors limiting the activity of an industrial enterprise were analyzed. An approach to the classification of factors influencing the state of the external and internal environment of an industrial enterprise, taking into account the level of their impact, has been proposed. The list of factors of negative impact on the activities of industrial enterprises in the conditions of external sanctions pressure has been determined. The proposed approach can be used to carry out a comprehensive assessment of the level of financial and economic stability of an industrial enterprise, including in conditions of external sanction restrictions.
MODELING THE PRICE OF MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS OF ENERGY COMPANIES: THE PROBLEM OF CHOICE OF VARIABLES
Authors: Prosvirina Irina , Sterkhov Alexander , Batina Irina
Published: January 2023

The subject of the study presented in this article is the process of formation of the price in mergers and acquisitions. Due to the huge number of factors that influence the result of such transactions, the problem of choosing variables for modeling is a difficult task. In order to solve this problem, two stages of the study are distinguished: the choice of the resulting variable and determining the combination of factors influencing it. As a result of a large number of iterations, the main groups of variables, the significance of which was established, has included the indicators of the target company, the indicators of the acquirer company, the duration of the stages of the deal, the parameters of the external environment represented by the interest rate and the index of political risks and vulnerabilities, as well as the types of corporate strategies used by the companies to plan transactions. Particular attention has been paid to the choice of the most significant regression indicator in terms of the adjusted coefficient of determination, reflecting the size of the company's assets.
INVESTING IN CRYPTOCURRENCY: THEORETICAL BASIS FOR IDENTIFYING INTERNAL FACTORS OF READINESS TO INVEST
Authors: Baeva Daria , Kamneva Victorуa , Osakve Kristian
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to defining an approach to studying the readiness to invest on the basis of blockchain technology in terms of new economic paradigm. The goal of the study is to develop a scientific approach to identify the attitude and level of confidence in investing in cryptocurrency among the population of the Russian Federation. Additional goals of the study are justification of the need to assess the internal factors of readiness of investing in cryptocurrency, as well as an analysis of the theory of reasoned action and perceived value. The main research methods are the systematization of the analysis of scientific and practical research, questioning, comparison and synthesis. The widespread distribution of blockchain technology can become a turning point in history; yet now, these technologies and the possibilities of their application are at the starting point of their development. The use of blockchain technologies can lead to a complete reconsideration of the ideas of money, trade and commerce. At the current stage of the development of cryptocurrencies and the technologies based on them, determining a scientific approach to the study of the attitude of the economically-active population to new investment instruments in the conditions of uncertainty cannot be grounded in classical methods that assess the willingness to invest in traditional instruments. The article proposes an approach to assessing the internal factors of readiness to invest in cryptocurrency based on the theory of reasoned action and perceived value.
PROBLEMS OF THE RUSSIAN CONSUMER MARKET OF CEREALS AND CEREAL FLAKES IN TERMS OF UNSTABLE ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Trofimenko Elena , Rychkova Irina
Published: January 2023

The article describes the changes in the economic situation that occurred in the consumer market of cereals and cereal flakes in the first half of 2022. The main events and problems of manufacturers are considered. The stages of changes in the economic situation are highlighted. On the basis of the data by the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation and internal data by AO MAKFA, a comparative analysis has been carried out for the dynamics of exchange rates, producer price lists, the volume of trade and retail prices of retail chains, raw material prices as the main indicators characterizing the market situation. The instability of the political and economic situation has had a negative impact on the situation in the cereals and cereal flakes market. The cost price increase, which the manufacturers faced in February March 2022, has been put on the consumer by raising shipping prices. The market is currently showing signs of stabilization, most supply issues have been resolved by manufacturers, exchange rates have been favorable, but reliable long-term forecasts of the market situation are not yet possible.
Teaching Pain Management to Student Nurses: A Literature Review
Authors: Wijayanti Ekatrina
Published: January 2023

Purpose: To provide nursing students knowledge of pain prior, during, and post- surgery, recovery and rehabilitation. Methods: Review articles published during 2005 until 2012 that focused on pain assessment and pain management. The databases used in this study were Medline and CINAHL.Results: Postoperative pains need special approach and care. It needs teach patient how to adapt pain, control pain, monitor result of treatment. Conclusion: Nursing students need to learn how to assess pain using appropriate tools for each age level and in patients with special needs. The students also need to learn about pain management including pharmacology and non-pharmacology means and consider pain as the fifth vital sign. As student nurses learn pain assessment, they should be considerate about culture, and different languages that might happen during practical rotations.
Investigation of inlet air pressure and evaporative cooling of four different cogeneration cycles
Authors: Karaali Rabi
Published: January 2023

The objective of this study was to search the effects of the inlet air compressor pressure and evaporative cooling of four different cogeneration plants that are absorption cooling (ab), basic (bsc), air heating (airh), and air fuel heating (airfh) cogeneration systems by using the first law and the second law of thermodynamics, and the exergy analysis methods. For analysis, a program is written by the author in the FORTRAN programming language. Decreasing the atmospheric pressure or increasing the installation altitude of the plants increases the Z factor (ratio of lost exergy to useful exergy) of the four cycles about 10–13%. Also, decreasing inlet air pressure decreases the specific work about 25–28%, and the fuel energy saving ratio of the four cycles decreases about 29–30%. The method of water spray cooling of the compressor inlet air especially in the summer months, the humidity increases and the evaporative cooling can be obtained. By using this method, the ratio of lost exergy to useful exergy can be decreased for the four cycles about 0.5–2%. Also, the specific work of the four cycles can be increased about 1.2–6%.
Evaluation of academic detailing to educate clinicians regarding childhood lead poisoning prevention: a pilot study
Authors: Newman Nicholas C. , Knapke Jacqueline M. , Kiniyalocts Rachael , Belt John , Haynes Erin
Published: January 2023

Context

Environmental exposures are associated with approximately 19% of disease globally, and exposure to neurotoxic chemicals is estimated to cost the United States $50 billion per year. Despite calls from the Institute of Medicine to increase training for clinicians regarding environmental health since the 1990s, there is still little instruction in environmental health for clinicians. This leaves gaps in knowledge that need to be bridged through outreach and education to practicing clinicians. Academic detailing (AD) is an educational intervention associated with improved prescribing practices in healthcare professionals but has not been applied to preventive or environmental health. Childhood lead exposure is a common condition associated with lifetime increased risk of cognitive and behavioral problems. Ohio has more than 2 million homes built before 1978, making exposure to lead-based paint a significant public health problem; however, only 50% of high-risk children are tested for lead. Few receive health promotion information regarding lead poisoning prevention, in part because this is not a part of training for healthcare providers (HCPs).

Objectives

The objectives of this study were twofold: (1) implement a pilot of AD sessions on the topic of childhood lead poisoning prevention with frontline HCPs and their staff in different practice settings; and (2) evaluate the acceptability of these training sessions utilizing quantitative and qualitative methods.

Methods

Physicians, nurses, social workers, community health workers, and clinical office staff were recruited from clinics who care for children at high risk for lead exposure. Trainings consisting of small group AD style sessions were presented at these sites. Learning objectives included increasing knowledge regarding lead testing requirements, enabling identification of lead’s impact on child development and equipping participants to provide anticipatory guidance for parents regarding lead poisoning prevention. Participants provided feedback through an anonymous questionnaire and qualitative feedback.

Results

There were 46 participants (12 physicians in practice/in training, 21 nursing or office staff, and 13 community health or social workers); more than 90% of the participants reported that the training achieved its learning objectives. Small-group presentations were preferred (91%); approximately 39% of participants requested an online format. Participants preferred that the presenters be either a public health or lead clinical expert, and they suggested that future activities include clinical vignettes.

Conclusions

Academic-detailing style training shows promise in promoting childhood lead poisoning prevention for frontline HCPs.
DSD/intersex: historical context and current perspectives
Authors: Lee Peter A. , Mazur Tom , Houk Christopher P.
Published: January 2023

Intersex/Disorders/Differences of sex development conditions have been recognized for millennia. An organized approach was adopted in the 1960–70s using the philosophy that gender identity was fluid and malleable. Consequences of this approach were the lack of disclosure, stigmatization, and excessive surgery to “normalize” the genitalia. Often this led to quality of life issues for those patients. There have been many modifications in approach since then to avoid the problems noted. There is consensus on many of these changes (e.g. disclosure) but continued controversy on others (e.g. the benefits of early surgery). This review summarizes the historical context and the current areas of consensus and controversy.
Linguistic judgments in 3D: the aesthetic quality, linguistic acceptability, and surface probability of stigmatized and non-stigmatized variation
Authors: Schoenmakers Gert-Jan
Published: January 2023

Linguistic judgment experiments typically elicit judgments in terms of the acceptability or surface probability of a sentence. There is evidence that the dimension of the scale on which sentences are judged influences the outcome of the experiment, but to date this evidence is only limited. This is not a trivial matter, as the elicited judgment data are increasingly considered the basis for inferences about linguistic representation. The present study investigates whether the dimension of the scale influences judgments. Sentences are judged in one of three dimensions:acceptability,probability, oraesthetics. Two distinct sets of experimental items are tested; one with cases of stigmatized variation (violations of the prescriptive norm) and another with cases of non-stigmatized variation (middle-field scrambling) in Dutch. The results show that participants take into account the scale dimension, both in stigmatized and in non-stigmatized variation. The results for stigmatized variation reflect a certain degree of conscious reflection based on the judgment scale; the effects in non-stigmatized variation, by contrast, are only main effects of instruction without changes in the relative pattern of judgments between conditions. These findings corroborate the idea that linguistic judgments of non-stigmatized variation are not the result of introspection in the technical sense, but automatic, multi-dimensional responses to a stimulus.
Model Experimental Study on Blasting Vibration Response of Tunnel Surrounding Rock under Different in Situ Stresses
Authors: Chen Shihai , Huang Jiang , Liu Minlong
Published: January 2023

Studying the propagation characteristics of blasting seismic waves in surrounding rock under different in situ stresses forms the basic framework for discussing the damage and failure laws of tunnel surrounding rock caused by deep engineering blasting vibration. To study the propagation law of blasting seismic waves under different in situ stresses, an underground engineering model test system is used to simulate tunnel blasting excavation with a nonexplosive electric spark initiation device. The vibration acceleration and strain of the surrounding rock during excavation are collected in real time. Based on the test data system, the blasting vibration response characteristics of tunnel surrounding rock under different in situ stresses are discussed. According to the results of experimental studies, the peak values of radial and axial acceleration show nonlinear attenuation with an increase in distance under different in situ stresses. With an increase in in situ stress, the attenuation rate of the peak value of radial acceleration decreases, while that of axial acceleration increases. Moreover, the peak values of acceleration and strain measured at the same point near the seismic source under different in situ stresses remain unchanged, whereas those measured at the same point far away from the seismic source gradually decrease. Moreover, the attenuation rate at the stage of low in situ stress is greater than that at the stage of high in situ stress. The farther away from the seismic source, the greater the influence of in situ stress on peak acceleration and peak strain. The research results play an important guiding role in the development of deep tunnel blasting theory and safe construction.
Novel Clinical and Genomic Signatures of the 2022 Monkeypox Virus
Authors: Sun Meng-Xu , Huang Xing-Yao , Qin Cheng-Feng
Published: January 2023

The monkeypox outbreaks started in 2022 and became an unexpected public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC). The factors that drove this neglected zoonosis in Africa into a global focus is largely unknown. Combined clinical, epidemiologic, and phylogenomic analyses indicate that substantial genome mutations, deletions, and rearrangement contributed to the sudden outbreak and unusual features in transmission and outcomes. Because no vaccine or antiviral drug is available in China, we call for immediate action and collaboration in response to the new monkeypox crisis.