Riesgos y daños a la salud de las adolescentes por el uso de la pastilla de emergencia
Authors: Villegas Díaz Jasibe Samanta , Martínez Silva Luis Adrían , Santiago Pineda María De Lourdes , Quinteros Avendaño Rubén Samuel 
Published: May 2019

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">La deficiente educaci&oacute;n sexual hacia las adolescentes en M&eacute;xico y la poca regulaci&oacute;n de venta conllevan a un uso desmedido de la pastilla de emergencia. </span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Objetivo: Evaluar los riesgos y da&ntilde;os a la salud, que presentan las adolescentes que utilizan los anticonceptivos poscoitales de emergencia.</span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">M&eacute;todo: Investigaci&oacute;n cuantitativa, no experimental, transversal, realizada con sujetos tipo, en una escuela de bachilleres del municipio de Cuautitl&aacute;n, estado de M&eacute;xico (330 en total) en el periodo comprendido del 31 de enero al 24 de mayo. </span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Intervenci&oacute;n: Aplicaci&oacute;n del cuestionario. An&aacute;lisis de los datos en el paquete estad&iacute;stico SPSS versi&oacute;n 17.0.</span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Resultados: Se analizaron los cuestionarios de 330 adolescentes entre 14 y 21 a&ntilde;os de edad, siendo la media de inicio de vida sexual a los 15 a&ntilde;os. El 66% refiri&oacute; haber utilizado alg&uacute;n m&eacute;todo anticonceptivo en su primera relaci&oacute;n sexual. El 40% menciono utilizar a veces los m&eacute;todos anticoncepci&oacute;n en sus pr&aacute;cticas sexuales. En el &uacute;ltimo a&ntilde;o el 46% ha utilizado la pastilla de emergencia una vez pero el 33% excedi&oacute; el n&uacute;mero de tomas recomendad en un a&ntilde;o. El 51% est&aacute; enojada o triste la mayor&iacute;a de las veces y el 30% presenta dolor intenso en los senos. Como da&ntilde;os encontrados el 65% manifest&oacute; menstruaciones irregulares y el 31% sangrado abundante. Conclusiones: Se encontr&oacute; que las adolescentes consumen desde una pastilla de emergencia hasta 36 de &eacute;stas en el lapso de un a&ntilde;o.</span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;">&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><span style="font-size: small;"></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">SUMMARY</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-US">The poor sexual education to adolescents in Mexico and the lack of regulation lead to a disproportionate use of the emergency pill. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Objective: To evaluate the risks and damage to health posed by adolescents who use emergency post-coital contraception. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Method: Quantitative research, non-experimental, cross-type subjects performed in a Bachelors School Cuautitlan, Mexico State, 330 in total in the period from January 31<sup>st</sup> &nbsp;to May 24<sup>th</sup>. Intervention: Application of the questionnaire. &nbsp;Data analysis in the statistical package SPSS version 17.0.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Results: Analysis of 330 questionnaires from adolescents between 14 and 21 years old, with the</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-US">average onset of sexual activity at the age of 15. 66% of students reported having used a contraceptive method at first intercourse. 40% students mentioned the use of contraceptive methods in their sexual practices. In the last year, 46% of the students used the emergency pill once, but 33% of them exceeded the recommended number of shots in a year. 51% of the students are angry or sad most of the time and 30% are suffering severe pain in the breasts. As damages, there were found that 65% of the students said they have had irregular periods and heavy bleeding at 31%. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span lang="EN-US">Conclusion: It was found that some teens have used up to 36 emergency pills during one year.</span></p><p>&nbsp;</p>