bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monitoring multiservice computers networks using the Nagios system
Authors: Kyselov H.D. , Shpakauskas M.S.
Published: December 2024

Approach to providing of multiservice computer network reliability and efficiency of University educational department is examined by application of monitoring facilities.
A fast synchronization algorithm in communication systems with spectrum expansion
Authors: Lazaryev D.V. , Tereshchenko T.A.
Published: December 2024

The fast algorithm of synchronization using 2m points fast convolution for communication systems with direct sequence spread spectrum by 2m-1 points pseudo noise sequence has been proposed. The types and lengths of pseudo noise sequences suitable for usage with proposed algorithm are determined. There were made estimates of correlation errors and computational complexity.
Features of building a multimedia database management systems
Authors: Didkivska M.V. , Naryzhnyy V.V.
Published: December 2024

The analysis of multimedia databases is carried out, themain requirementswere pointed out. Two approaches to the organization of multimedia databases were considered – with usage of file servers and without. The experimental study has shown the practicability of file servers’ using for storage of multimedia information, because this approach provides higher speed of data read and write
Electrodynamic properties of dielectric lattices infrared wavelength resonators
Authors: Trubin A.A.
Published: December 2024

The investigation results of the new kind of materials that are the finite dimensions periodic structures of Dielectric Resonators (DR) are presented. Some of the structure properties do not have natural analogues and are not studied completely yet. The gratings containing cylindrical shape DRs with magnetic type characteristic oscillations located in the metal plane regular waveguide are studied. For the determination of the key parameters such as complex resonance frequencies and partial DR amplitudes, the developed earlier electrodynamics model based on the application of the perturbation theory for Maxwell equations is used. The obtained theoretical results demonstrate the possibility to develop resonators of a new type having a high value of Q-factor and divided by frequency band from another coupled oscillations. The research results of the plane wave scattering on cylindrical DR grating in the open space are presented.
Algorithm for optimal synthesis of linear electronic circuits based on polynomial circuit functions
Authors: Gorshkov K.S. , Filaretov V.V.
Published: December 2024

The algorithm of active network realization on the base of polynomial network function is developed. There are no any limits of function model or elements type for proposed method of structural synthesis. The offered algorithm has been realized in computer program InterSym
Approximate methods of finding probability density
Authors: Berehun V.S. , Krasylʹnykov O.I.
Published: December 2024

The methods of the theoretical and experimental finding of probability density based on its presentation by linear combination of base functions are systematized.
Method of correction of static and dynamic errors of resistance thermometers
Authors: Bardyla T.-V.I. , Naumenko V.O.
Published: December 2024

The mathematical model and the equivalent electric scheme of thermal processes in thermometers of resistances, a complete system of temperature sensor static and dynamic parameters, a method of their identification and static and dynamic errors correction technique of the measuring system are presented
Managing local facility loads using triangle of foresight
Authors: Kiseleva A.G.
Published: December 2024

Creation of the ontological model of knowledge about a subject domain for applications in context-aware system of local object loadings management is considered. Management decisions are based on the predicting triangle
Evaluation of errors of the device of the moisture meter of bulk materials by the microwave method
Authors: Sinekop YU.S. , Satanovskiy V.V.
Published: December 2024

Methods of measurement of humidity of granular materials are very importent in medical technics, pharmacology and the food-processing industry. Different companies make a plenty of devices based on various methods and with different characteristics. Unfortunately we can't talk that the relations of price/quality are balanced. Therefore construction of the devices with optimal parameters are actual right now
Use of phase-graphic analysis for monitoring of the functional state of the mouse myometrium during gestation
Authors: Bidzilya YU.P. , Serdyuk O.M. , Yanchiy R.I. , Misyura A.H.
Published: December 2024

The aim of the work is to realize phase-plot analysis of myometrium contractility of the mice on the different terms of gestation, namely to estimate on 5 and 10 day of gestation change of amplitude of contraction, frequency of contraction, duration of contraction and relaxation, duration of contraction at half of amplitude, rate of contraction and relaxation, and also calculations of index of contractility. On 4-5 day of gestation it was observed the decrease of amplitude of contraction, duration of relaxation, contractility index. On 10-11 day of gestation the increase of amplitude of contraction, rate of contraction and relaxation, contractility index were observed
Technological support for cardiology
Authors: Sazykina L.V.
Published: December 2024

The technology realising on-line and real time tactics of computer-aided monitoring in dialogue with doctor for analysis with advancing modelling is presented. In technology traditional clinical knowledge, reports and recommendations are considered. The approach provides iterative selection of doses and preparations for treatment of acute cardiac insufficiency. The quality of treatment can be estimated
Development of a computer system for daily analysis nonlinear dynamic properties of heart rate
Authors: Kiseleva O.G. , Nastenko Ye.A.
Published: December 2024

The main goal of this article is development of a system for the hart rate variability analysis on the base of non-linear dynamic methods. To achieve this goal the key algorithm for qualitative and quantified estimation of 24-hours heart rate regularity was developed. A software was developed where the Kolmogorov algorithm, Poincare equation, approximate entropy, flicker noise, distribution bar chart, Lorenz diagram were used. The results of calculation can be used for defining of diagnostic signs of human health state on the base of daily heart rate regularity estimation.
Development and modeling of processing and visualization algorithms electrographic biomedical signals
Authors: Hotra Z.YU. , Dorosh N.V. , Kuchmiy H.L. , Ivanushkina N.H.
Published: December 2024

In this paper methods and algorithms of the electrographical biomedical signals analysissynthesis in amplitude - time and spectral domain and also software for visualisation of signals and results of their research are considered. The modelling results in the MathCAD software are shown. Their scheme realisation possibilities on the basis of microprocessor schemes is considered
Modeling the influence of long-wave radiation per person indoors
Authors: Bogatonkova A.I.
Published: December 2024

The information technology which allows to predict influence of long-wave radiation on the human indoors is developed. The information technology considers physiological characteristics of the human, clothes and the level of physical activity corresponding to his profession, and also environment characteristics – air temperature, vintilation and humidity. The mathematical model considers the sizes of a room and an occurrence of human there. The model gives possibility of exact calculation influence of angle factors between the human and walls, a floor, a ceiling, windows, a door, radiators, etc., on heat exchange of the human with environment. Modeling experiment shows its high sensitivity
Principles of constructing mathematical models of converters electromagnetic type in ultrasonic wave recording mode
Authors: Boltychev M.I. , Suchkov G.M. , Petryshchev O.M.
Published: December 2024

In this paper, the theorem of induced magnetic flow is formulated and the mathematical model of ultrasonic wave detection process in non-ferrous metals by means of the electromagnetic method is developed. For the first time the conception of the inner magnetic field induced in dynamically deformed metals in the presence of a static magnetic field is proposed. Also, the boundary value problem for the calculation of quantitative characteristics of the inner magnetic field’s components is formulated.
Features of the implementation of the simple pairing algorithm Bluetooth devices
Authors: Voloshin A.A. , Pratsyuk B.B. , Prokopenko Yu.V.
Published: December 2024

The paper presents Secure Simple Pairing algorithm for Bluetooth-enabled devices, which provides easier and safer pass of authentication and encryption key generation stages. The algorithm was implemented in TC-3000 platform and can be used in Bluetooth devices with different input/output (IO) capabilities such as presence/ absence of the display, presence/absence of the text or numbers entering possibility, etc
Operation of two transmitters with similar frequencies on one antenna system
Authors: Vuntesmeri Yu.V. , Vuntesmeri V.S. , Krasilich G.P.
Published: December 2024

The technique for power losses decrease of two transmitters working with the same antenna are considered. It was shown that it is possible to design the antenna system without power losses and with similar amplitude and different phase radiation patterns for two transmitters with overlapped bands
A universal transaction delegation method for decentralized decision support systems
Authors: Tsyganok Vitaliy , Savchenko Nikita , Tsyhanok Roman
Published: December 2024

This study examines methods for decentralizing computation and storage to enhance the security of end systems, focusing on decision support systems as a use case. Common limitations of system decentralization are identified, and a new, universal transaction delegation method is proposed to simplify decentralized system usage. An overview of available transaction delegation methods in self-protected decentralized data platforms is provided, based on well-known projects using the Ethereum platform. Four popular delegation methods in decentralized networks are distinguished, with their advantages and disadvantages demonstrated through common solutions. The research led to the implement of a universal transaction delegation method, independent of the decentralized program’s signature standard. This method is realized as a web application on both the server and client sides and can be applied to any decentralized program or existing system supporting decentralized transaction delegation. The study also describes the architecture of a decision support system using this method, applied specifically to the expert subsystem to ensure decentralization and the integrity of expert input, making it impossible to tamper with once submitted. Additionally, the economic model for the expert subsystem is reviewed, using real data. The findings of this study enable the construction of secure decentralized applications on decentralized data platforms, emphasizing usability and user-friendliness, and demonstrate an innovative application within a decision support system for expert knowledge collection.
Information technology for orchestration of the cybersecurity training situation center cyber range virtual environment
Authors: Horniichuk Ivan , Shelelo Mykhailo , Mykytiuk Artem , Onishchenko Volodymyr
Published: December 2024

The rapid development of information technology and the ever-increasing complexity of cyber threats create new challenges in the field of cybersecurity that require modern and innovative approaches to training. Effective training requires realistic and secure platforms, such as interactive simulated environments that allow for the modelling of various attack and defence scenarios. Cyber ranges have become a key tool for developing cybersecurity skills, but creating such platforms is a complex and resource-intensive process. Optimising the management of virtual resources is a critical condition for ensuring the flexibility and scalability of such environments. The aim of the paper is to improve the efficiency of managing virtual environments for cybersecurity training by improving the process of orchestrating virtual resources of a cyber training ground. The paper defines a cyber training ground as an interactive simulated platform that may include physical and virtual equipment to create training environments that are as close as possible to real-world conditions. The main types of such platforms and the main categories of their users are allocated. The modern approaches to the orchestration of virtual environments, such as manual configuration, scripting, infrastructure as code, containerisation and cloud orchestration, are analysed. An information technology for orchestrating the virtual environment of the cyber range training situation center for cybersecurity has been proposed, with functional requirements and the physical structure of the orchestration module defined. In the course of the work, a software implementation of the proposed information technology was developed in the form of an orchestration module, which automates the processes of deployment, configuration, management, and scaling of virtual resources. The development is based on Python 3, Flask 3, Docker, and JWT technologies, which allows for secure authentication, efficient container management, and integration via RESTful API. The testing confirmed that the module meets the criteria of scalability, flexibility, and security. The novelty of the work lies in the development of information technology for orchestrating the virtual environment of a cyber training ground, which takes into account the specific needs of organisations and minimises dependence on commercial solutions, as well as integrates modern technologies to improve the efficiency of training platforms.
Machine Learning Discoveries of STEAP3-X Synergy in etc-1922159 Treated Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Sinha Shriprakash
Published: December 2024

Six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 3 (STEAP3) is a metalloreductase that is capable of converting iron from an insoluble ferric (Fe3+) to a soluble ferrous (Fe2+) form. It has been found to be overexpressed in colorectal cancer. In colorectal cancer cells treated with ETC-1922159, it was found to be down-regulated. A recently developed search engine ranked combinations of STEAP3-X (X, a particular gene/protein) at 2nd order level after drug administration. In this research work, I cover combinations of STEAP3 with cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor (CDKN), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), solute carrier family (SLC), methyltransferase N6 adenosine methyltransferase complex catalytic subunit (METTL), b-cell leukemia / lymphoma protein (BCL), interleukin (IL) and transferrin receptor protein (TFR) family.
Time-Series Analysis and Forecasting of Air Pollution Mortality Rates in Central Asian Cities
Authors: Ramis uulu Aldaiar , Orozakhunov Zhenishbek
Published: December 2024

Air pollution poses a significant health risk worldwide, with mortality rates from ambient particulate matter pollution increasing in many regions. This study focuses on forecasting air pollution-related mortality rates in two Central Asian cities, Bishkek (Kyrgyzstan) and Almaty (Kazakhstan). Utilizing time-series models, specifically Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks and Prophet, the research aims to provide accurate predictions that can inform public health policies and interventions. The proposed methodology integrates advanced data preprocessing techniques, robust model architectures, and hyperparameter tuning to achieve an accuracy exceeding 85%. The findings reveal that time-series forecasting can effectively model the trend and seasonality of mortality rates, offering actionable insights for policymakers.
Machine Learning Discoveries of ATP6V(0/1)E2-X Synergy in ETC-1922159 Treated Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Sinha Shriprakash
Published: December 2024

The ATPase H+ transporting V(0/1) subunit e2 (ATP6V(0/1)E2) is a part of the vacuolor ATPases multisubunit complex. V-ATPases and ATP6AP2 are positive regulators of Wnt signaling pathway. In colorectal cancer (CRC) cells treated with ETC-1922159, many genes were found up and down regulated, individually. A recently developed search engine ranked combinations of ATP6V(0/1)E2-X (X, a particular gene/protein) at 2nd order level after drug administration. These rankings reveal which ATP6V(0/1)E2-X combinations might be working synergistically in CRC. In this research work, I cover combinations of ATP6V(0/1)E2 with Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), and homeobox (HOX) family.
Simulation of Arc Discharge in Argon/Methane Mixture Taking Into Account Evaporation of Anode Material in Problems of Synthesis of Functional Nanostructures
Authors: Saifutdinov Almaz , Timerkaev Boris
Published: December 2024

In the work, within the framework of the self-consistent model of arc discharge, simulations of plasma parameters in an argon/methane mixture were performed taking into account the evaporation of the electrode material in the case of a refractory and non-refractory cathode. It is shown that in the case of a refractory tungsten cathode, almost the same methane conversion rate is observed, which leads to almost the same values ​​of the concentration of the main methane conversion products C, C2, H at different values ​​of the discharge current density. However, with an increase in the current density, the evaporation rate of copper atoms from the anode increases and a jump in the I-V characteristic is observed, caused by a change in the plasma-forming ion. This fact is due to the lower ionization energy of copper atoms compared to argon atoms. In this mode, one should expect an increase in metal-carbon nanoparticles. It is shown that in the case of a non-refractory copper cathode, the discharge characteristics and the component composition of the plasma depend on the field enhancement factor near the cathode surface. It has been demonstrated that increasing the field enhancement factor leads to more efficient thermal field emission, lowering the cathode surface temperature and the gas temperature in the discharge gap. This leads to the fact that in the arc discharge mode with a non-refractory copper cathode, the dominant types of particles from which the nanostructure can begin to be synthesized in descending order are copper atoms Cu, carbon clusters C2 and carbon atoms C.
Artificial Intelligence in Cardiac Surgery: Transforming Outcomes and Shaping the Future
Authors: Leivaditis Vasileios , Beltsios Eleftherios , Papatriantafyllou Athanasios , Grapatsas Konstantinos , Mulita Francesk , Kontodimopoulos Nikolaos , Baikoussis Nikolaos G. , Tchabashvili Levan , Tasios Konstantinos , Maroulis Ioannis , Dahm Manfred , Koletsis Efstratios
Published: December 2024

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative technology in healthcare, with its integration into cardiac surgery offering significant advancements in precision, efficiency, and patient outcomes. However, a comprehensive understanding of AI’s applications, benefits, challenges, and future directions in cardiac surgery is needed to inform its safe and effective implementation.
Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Literature searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, covering publications from January 2000 to November 2024. Studies focusing on AI applications in cardiac surgery, including risk stratification, surgical planning, intraoperative guidance, and postoperative management, were included. Data extraction and quality assessment were conducted using standardized tools, and findings were synthesized narratively.
Results: A total of 121 studies were included in this review. AI demonstrated superior predictive capabilities in risk stratification, with machine learning models outperforming traditional scoring systems in mortality and complication prediction. Robotic-assisted systems enhanced surgical precision and minimized trauma, while computer vision and augmented cognition improved intraoperative guidance. Postoperative AI applications showed potential in predicting complications, supporting patient monitoring, and reducing healthcare costs. However, challenges such as data quality, validation, ethical considerations, and integration into clinical workflows remain significant barriers to widespread adoption.
Conclusions: AI has the potential to revolutionize cardiac surgery by enhancing decision-making, surgical accuracy, and patient outcomes. Addressing limitations related to data quality, bias, validation, and regulatory frameworks is essential for its safe and effective implementation. Future research should focus on interdisciplinary collaboration, robust testing, and the development of ethical and transparent AI systems to ensure equitable and sustainable advancements in cardiac surgery.
Endocrine Adverse Events in Patients Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Dokmetas Meric , Muglu Harun , Ozcan Erkan , Bayram Buket , Helvaci Kaan , Kalaci Ender , Kahraman Seda , Aykan Musa Baris , Cicin Irfan , Selcukbiricik Fatih , Olmez Omer Fatih , Bilici Ahmet
Published: December 2024

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer therapy, but their use is associated with a spectrum of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including endocrine disorders. This retrospective study analyzed 139 cancer patients treated with ICIs between 2016 and 2022 to investigate the incidence, timing, treatment modalities, and impact of ICI-related endocrine side effects. The most common endocrine irAE was hypothyroidism (65,5%), followed by hyperthyroidism (2,3%), hypophysitis (8,6%), and diabetes mellitus (0,7%). These disorders typically emerged within the first six months of ICI therapy. Most cases were managed conservatively or with hormone replacement therapy. Interestingly, patients who developed endocrine irAEs exhibited a higher objective response rate (ORR) and clinical benefit rate (CBR) compared to those without irAEs. This suggests a potential association between irAEs and improved clinical outcomes. However, the development of irAEs can significantly impact patients’ quality of life and may necessitate dose reduction or treatment interruption. In conclusion, endocrine dysfunction is a significant toxicity of ICI therapy. Early recognition, prompt diagnosis, and appropriate management are crucial to minimize their impact on patient health and quality of life. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and to identify predictive biomarkers for irAE development.
Energy Implications of Mitigating Side-Channel Attacks on Branch Prediction
Authors: Alqurashi Fahad , AL-Hashimi Mohammed , Saleh Mostafa , Abulnaja Osama
Published: December 2024

Spectre variants 1 and 2 pose grave security threats to the dynamic branch predictors in CPUs. This study examines experimentally the impact of mitigating those threats on energy and power consumption. The research obtained empirical data from an HPC-class CPU via embedded sensors with fine-grained energy readings. This approach black-boxed otherwise complex behaviors in and around the CPU. It was crucial to the concrete energy estimates reported here. The study identified factors that impacted the energy behaviors of branching (the attack vector for Spectre). It focused on compiler-based mitigation strategies vs. a no-mitigation baseline on three main compilers in wide use. It utilized a standard suite of microbenchmarks to gauge the consumption likely due to branch prediction under mixed branch and mitigation conditions. Results showed that the energy consumption varied significantly across the compilers, depending on the tasks. Loop unrolling affected the power consumption as it altered the number and distribution of branches. Speculative execution had a role in conserving energy. Reducing execution time was accompanied by an increase in instantaneous power. Since Spectre mitigations limit that feature, they should be applied selectively to the code patterns vulnerable to attacks. This work hopes to create an awareness of the energy costs of securing CPUs against Spectre attacks. It suggests directions for better energy-aware mitigation strategies. It highlights the importance of fitting compiler and optimization settings to application needs to balance security, performance, and power. The study provides compiler writers with recommendations that help build secure and power-efficient software.
Process Evaluation of the Intensive Diabetes Self-Management Program for Underserved Communities
Authors: Essex David , Vargas Gonzalez Yammile , Rangel Bianca , Limon Loreily , Sallam Hanaa S. , Serag Hani , Lee Wei-Chen
Published: December 2024

Background/Objectives: This study assesses barriers to behavior change among underserved populations with type 2 diabetes enrolled in the intensive Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (iDSMES) program. Methods: Thirteen participants (5 English speakers, 8 Spanish speakers), who had completed at least six months of the 1-year iDSMES program, were invited to join focus group discussions. Participants were asked about barriers, facilitators, and suggestions for promoting the program. Results: Barriers to effective diabetes self-management included financial constraints, lack of social support, stigma surrounding treatment, and miscommunication with healthcare providers. However, the iDSMES program’s support system emerged as a major facilitator. Participants valued the relationships they developed with others facing similar challenges, which motivated them to keep working toward their health goals. Conclusions: The iDSMES program was successful in promoting behavior changes and improving health literacy. Addressing financial barriers in underserved communities is essential for supporting long-term behavior change.
Where Meiofauna? An Assessment of Interstitial Fauna at a Belgian Beach
Authors: Monnissen Jill , Thijs Sofie , Artois Tom , Jouk Philippe , Van de Reydt Emma , Van Dijck Thomas , Monnens Marlies
Published: December 2024

Meiofauna are frequently overlooked in biodiversity assessments, resulting in a lack of understanding regarding their current status, the potential impact of anthropogenic activities, and climate change. This study on the intertidal zone of the Small Beach of Ostend marks a new effort to characterize meiofaunal communities along the Belgian coast. Sampling was carried out on five separate occasions throughout the year, with abiotic data collected during each event. Collected specimens were sorted according to their taxonomic group, resulting in a retrieval of 1,742 organisms. Among these, Platyhelminthes and Nematoda were most abundant. Through metabarcoding of the 18S ribosomal region, a biodiversity assessment was conducted, yielding a total of 106 Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs). After filtering out rare reads, 65 metazoan ASVs were retained: 18 representing Platyhelminthes, 16 Nematoda, 15 Copepoda, 12 Polychaeta, and four Acoela. Identification of the ASVs through blasting generated 23 unique species-level identifications. The highest species richness was observed among Proseriata and Nematoda, each comprising six different species. Additionally, four different species of Polychaeta and Copepoda, two species of Acoela, and one species of Rhabdocoela were identified. Compared to findings of similar beaches at the Belgian coast from about 40 years ago, the meiofaunal communities on this beach exhibit an overall low species richness. Finding fewer and other species might be linked to the potential impact of beach nourishments, human trampling, and climate change. However, confirming this hypothesis requires future research.
Prognostic And Predictive Value of Systemic Inflammatory Markers in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Authors: İdrisoğlu Cem , Muglu Harun , Hamdard Jamshid , Acikgoz Ozgur , Olmuşçelik Oktay , Müezzinoğlu Bahar , Olmez Omer Fatih , Yıldız Özcan , Bilici Ahmet
Published: December 2024

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains a significant health burden globally. While traditional prognostic factors are well-established, newer biomarkers are emerging. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the impact of systemic inflammatory markers on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in 154 EOC patients. Pre-treatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic inflammatory index (SII) were calculated and categorized into low and high groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify independent prognostic factors. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine predictors of platinum resistance. Elevated NLR and PLR were associated with poorer PFS and OS in univariate analysis. However, these markers did not retain their significance in multivariate analysis. SII showed a trend towards worse outcomes but did not reach statistical significance. Histopathological type, PLR, and surgical type were identified as independent predictors of platinum resistance. Our findings suggest that systemic inflammatory markers may have prognostic value in EOC, but further validation in larger prospective studies is warranted.
Towards Sustainable Solutions: Assessing Rural Access to Safe Drinking Water and Sanitation in Atyrau, Kazakhstan
Authors: Bolatova Zhanerke , Tussupova Kamshat , Sharapatova Riza , Kabiyev Yerlan
Published: December 2024

Background: The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aim to advance sustainable social and economic progress globally. In Kazakhstan, 7.5 million people reside in 6,499 rural settlements, with 6.5 million in 3,892 settlements connected to centralized water supply systems. A study in the Pavlodar region revealed that 52% of households rely on private boreholes, 17% on public standpipes, and only 5% have in-house tap water. Additionally, 80% of rural households use outdoor toilets, with just 3% connected to sewer systems, highlighting significant disparities in water and sanitation access. Methods: This study used a structured questionnaire to assess water access, sanitation services, and willingness to pay in Atyrau households. It explored water sources, sanitation availability, and household practices, offering insights into sustainable water and sanitation management. Results: This study analyzed water and sanitation practices in rural Atyrau. Indoor taps served 44.2% of households, while 60.5% used centralized systems for drinking water. Daily interruptions affected 19.9%, with 23.0% dissatisfied with quality. Outdoor toilets were used by 79.6%, and 43.7% relied on pit-filling. While 82.5% of respondents favored free individual water supply installations, only 11.6% were willing to pay the $426 installation cost, highlighting financial constraints. Conclusions: This study highlights persistent challenges in ensuring safe drinking water and sanitation in rural Atyrau. Infrastructure gaps, poor water quality, and reliance on outdoor toilets pose health risks. Financial constraints further limit access. Targeted investments, improved oversight, and community engagement are critical for sustainable solutions aligned with Sustainable Development Goals.
Humoral and Cellular Immunity after Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients Treated with Interferon Beta and Dimethyl Fumarate
Authors: Bazylewicz Marcin , Zajkowska Monika , Gudowska-Sawczuk Monika , Kułakowski Rafał , Mroczko Jan , Mirowska-Guzel Dagmara , Kulikowska-Łoś Joanna , Czarnowska Agata , Mroczko Barbara , Kochanowicz Jan , Kułakowska Alina
Published: December 2024

The impact of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 on immunity of patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) is still not fully known. Its elucidation may be helpful in resolving medical concerns associated with the maintenance of immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory medications known as disease modifying therapies (DMTs) at PwMS, as well as obtaining accurate protection against severe COVID-19 outcomes. Therefore, the aim of our study was to evaluate the humoral and cellular immune response in PwMS treated with DMTs.
The concentrations of IgG Spike (S) anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, and IgG Nucleocapsid (N) anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies as well as Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) titers were analyzed in PwMS groups treated with dimethyl fumarate (DMF), interferon beta (IFN), and healthy control group.
Almost 100% of PwMS experienced seroconversion. Additionally, there were no significant differences between the study and control groups in terms of IgG (S) and (N) anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels. However, interferon gamma titers were lower in both PwMS groups which may indicate adequate humoral and decreased cellular response of examined PwMS. Additionally, after division of the whole study group into two subgroups according to the time since last vaccination, IgG (S) anti-SARS-CoV-2 and IFN-γ concentrations were significantly lower in case of patients who were immunized more than 200 days before sample collection. No differences were observed in case of subgroups in which sample collection was less than 200 days after vaccination when compared to the control group. This could indicate a time-related and decreased immunity in PwMS treated with DMTs.
Pinealectomy-Induced Melatonin Deficiency Exerts Age-Specific Effects on Sphingolipid Turnover in Young Adult, Middle-Aged, and Old Rats
Authors: Tchekalarova Jane , Georgieva Irina , Vukova Teodora , Apostolova Sonia , Tzoneva Rumiana
Published: December 2024

Data from the literature and our recent studies have shown that dysfunction/deficiency of melatonin accelerates aging or delays lifespan in an age-dependent manner. In the present study, we aimed to determine the effects of pinealectomy on sphingolipid turnover in young adult (3-month-old), middle-aged (14-month-old), and old (18-month-old) rats. Ceramide levels, neutral and acid sphingomyelinase, acid ceramidase and sphingosine-1-phosphate levels in hippocampus and/or plasma, were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Accumulation of Ceramide and its metabolite second messenger sphingo-sine-1-phosphate in the hippocampus and plasma was associated with increased levels and activity of neutral sphingomyelinase in the hippocampus and plasma, respectively, but not of acid sphingomyelinase, which levels and activity in the hippocampus were reduced in middle-aged and old rats compared to young adult rats. Similar to the aging process, pinealectomy-induced melatonin deficiency increased Ceramide content in the hippocampus of young adult rats compared to the sham group. Pinealectomy also exacerbated an age-related increase in sphingosine-1-phosphate in the hippocampus of 18-month-old rats. However, compared to young adult rats, pinealectomy exerted the opposite effect on age-related changes in Ceramide, neutral, and acid sphingomyelinases in the hippocampus in middle-aged rats. Our results suggest that melatonin deficiency may modulate aging by altering sphingolipid turnover in an age-specific manner.
Application of the phase field method for modeling the foam structure
Authors: Semenenko Nina Andreevna , Elenina Tatiana Georgievna , Savenkov Evgeny Borisovich
Published: December 2024

In this paper we study the equilibrium structure of the foam using diffuse interface model. For this purpose, the initial distribution of foam bubbles in the given spatial domain is specified, then its evolution is simulated until the system reaches its equilibrium state. Depending on the values of system parameters, an evolution process proceeds differently and different equilibrium states are achieved.
Estratégias de promoção de estilo de vida saudável na educação infantil: reflexões sobre aspectos nutricionais e contexto social
Authors: Varnier Thacia Ramos , Gomes Ivan Marcelo
Published: December 2024

Nos últimos anos, novas questões relacionadas a uma vida saudável adentraram o âmbito escolar e a saúde passa a se reconfigurar como um tema importante nas ações educacionais. Este artigo tem como objetivo compreender sobre as estratégias de promoção de estilo de vida saudável de Centros Municipais de Educação Infantil da rede pública de ensino de Serra/ES dialogando com as estratégias nutricionais escolar e o contexto social da comunidade assistida. Os instrumentos de pesquisa foram a observação participante, entrevistas semiestruturadas e o experimento da técnica de Narrativas de Mapas Corporais. Concluímos que as estratégias de promoção de estilo de vida saudável no contexto escolar infantil, sobretudo alimentares, nem sempre se alinham aos anseios das comunidades, sobretudo, mais vulneráveis.
MODELING THE IMPACT OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE PROCESSING OF MATERIALS AND ITS EXPERIMENTAL CONFIRMATION
Authors: Kovalevskyy Sergiy , Kovalevska Olena , Sydiuk Daria
Published: December 2024

This article focuses on analyzing the impact of magnetic resonance processing on materials and the practical verification of modeling results. By examining the complex effects of magnetic fields and resonant vibrations on the microstructure of materials, the article contributes to understanding the mechanisms of strengthening and enhancing material properties. The authors have developed mathematical models that describe the dynamics of interaction between magnetic fields and mechanical vibrations and have conducted a series of experiments to verify these models. The results demonstrate an increase in hardness, wear resistance, and other key characteristics of the processed materials, confirming the potential of magnetic resonance processing in mechanical engineering. The study also highlights the significance of this technology for optimizing the life cycle of products, from design to disposal, contributing to the sustainable development of the industry.
STABILITY OF METAL STRUCTURE OF PALLET RACKING FRAME
Authors: Rubashka Volodymyr
Published: December 2024

The issues of analyzing the stability of frames of prefabricated pallet racks are considered. Pallet racks are adapted to the minimum possible size of the usable space they occupy, as well as to provide convenient access to stored goods. The need to place the maximum number of cargoes in a minimum warehouse area places high demands on the design and calculation methods of both racking systems as a whole and their individual constituent elements. The purpose of the work is to conduct research on the stability of the frame, which is one of the main structural elements of the metal structure of the entire pallet rack. For this purpose, a combined design scheme for metal structures has been developed, containing 3-dimensional solid bodies, thin-walled shell structures and beam structures. The diagram takes into account the design features of the racks, frame braces, thrust bearings, as well as the main design features of the bolted connections connecting these elements. A finite element approach is proposed as a research method, allowing to fully take into account all the design features of the constituent elements and the nature of their connection in a prefabricated structure. Studies have been conducted of the effect of bolted connections of braces with racks on the stability of both an individual rack and the entire frame. An analysis of various types of bracing systems for the stability of the metal frame structure was carried out. As a result of the research, ways to increase the stability of racking systems using the possibility of their structural restructuring due to the properties of prefabricated units were assessed. It was found that the presence of bolted connections qualitatively changes the behavior of racks of open cross-section during loss of stability.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE SHAPE CHANGE WHEN A PRODUCT IS PRODUCED BY FREE-FORM BENDING
Authors: Chukhlib Vitalii , Volk Wolfram , Lechner Philipp , Lorenzo Scandola , Hubskyi Serhii , Biba Mykola , Schukraft Joél
Published: December 2024

The paper presents a comparative analysis of the shape change of a rod when it is deformed in a moving die using the Abaqus and Qform software packages. The approaches to determining the shape of a profile formed by a moving die are analyzed. Methods for analyzing the shape change when a product is obtained by free-form bending, based on predicting the volumetric unevenness of metal deformation in the processes of pressure treatment and determining the product curvature, are considered. For the process of modeling the bending of a product in a moving die, a rod was selected, as well as an algorithm for moving the moving die and feeding the rod. As a result of the simulation, it was found that the resulting product models in these software systems are identical in geometry. Based on the methods of analyzing the shape change when a product is obtained by free-form bending, we analyzed the uneven distribution of deformation parameters and determined the curvature of the workpiece during deformation. It was found that a significant deformation irregularity is observed in the workpiece, which is caused by the chosen scheme of deformation.  Proposed approaches for further research.
TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS AS A MEANS OF ENSURING THE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE OF MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM MACHINE-BUILDING ENTERPRISES
Authors: Yakovenko Ihor , Permyakov Oleksandr , Lynnyk Olena , Basova Yevheniia
Published: December 2024

The state, dynamics and development trends of the machine-building industry of Ukraine were studied. The nature and features of the technological component of the innovative development of the industry are determined, the current state and dynamics of the innovative development of mechanical engineering are investigated. This made it possible, taking into account both components, to identify problem areas of the technological innovation development of the mechanical engineering of Ukraine. Within the framework of the study, the peculiarities of the functioning of micro, small and medium-sized machine-building enterprises (MSMEs) regarding the introduction of technological innovations into the production process and their acquisition of competitive advantages are considered. It is noted that the innovative activity of MSMEs is one of the main factors of the country's economic growth and ensuring, in the conditions of market competition, its sustainable economic and social development. The theoretical foundations, the state of innovation processes and their influence on the formation of innovative activity of industrial enterprises are considered. It is noted that innovative technologies are a key factor in the success of modern business, their implementation allows enterprises to maintain competitiveness, attract and retain customers, as well as stimulate their development and growth. It is noted that the Fourth Industrial Revolution ("Industry 4.0") manifests itself in the minimization of human intervention in production, when various systems are combined with each other, data is exchanged and the decision-making process is automated. It was found that, during the full-scale war ongoing in Ukraine, the role of MSMEs in the economy has increased significantly. Micro, small and medium-sized enterprises began to produce machine-building products for military purposes within the framework of a defense order. In the course of the study, statistical data on the functioning of machine-building enterprises of Ukraine during the last 10-12 years were analyzed, the main regularities of their changes were established, and the main factors that influenced this process were determined. Proposed ways to reduce the negative impact of these factors on the development of MSMEs in the machine-building industry, recommendations for the introduction of technological innovations and other components of "Industry 4.0" into the processes of automation of production processes at machine-building MSMEs of Ukraine in order to obtain certain competitive advantages.
Robotic palpation system - reproduction method of dermatologists' skin palpation judgment using a deep neural network
Authors: Kato Fumihiro , Adachi Takeya , Kamishima Kaito , Handa Takumi , Iwata Hiroyasu
Published: December 2024

The recent surge in infectious diseases, such as COVID-19, has amplified the need for medical examinations that minimize contact between doctors and patients. This is particularly relevant for medical treatments requiring palpation, especially in dermatology. In this study, we aimed to replicate the assessment of softness and surface textures of affected areas, a critical aspect for dermatologists in diagnosing conditions, using a simple robotic device. We derived five levels of softness and three types of surface textures from 14 types of materials based on interviews with dermatologists. To elicit a haptic response from the materials during the pushing procedure, we developed 1) a single-rod probe equipped with a haptic sensor (measuring force and acceleration) using a linear actuator, and 2) a dual-rod configuration supplemented with a nearby vibrator to capture vibration propagation through the material. Frequency-analyzed images were generated from the waveforms of force and acceleration obtained. A total of 500 images from 13 different materials were evaluated for discrimination using AlexNet-based transfer learning. The discrimination accuracy for the 13 materials was 97.4 % (average across trials) when combining the force and acceleration data from the single-rod probe with the acceleration image from the dual-rod probe. The discrimination accuracy was 96.4 % using only the force and acceleration data from the single-rod probe, suggesting that adding acceleration data during vibration propagation enhances discrimination accuracy. A similar comparison was conducted for the five levels of softness and surface features, indicating that acceleration during vibration propagation may provide essential information for palpation.
Low cost UV-induced fluorescence sensor for monitoring aromatic hydrocarbons in coastal marine water
Authors: Lo Savio Fabio , Grasso Giovanni , Maccarrone Giuseppe
Published: December 2024

Nowadays the coastal waters of the Mediterranean Sea are increasingly affected by pollution from aromatic hydrocarbons. Therefore, in order to implement damage minimization actions, a continuous monitoring system with rapid response is needed. The most effective local method for distinguishing aromatic hydrocarbons from salt water is UV-induced fluorescence. This paper describes the design and building of a UV-induced fluorescence sensor that, mounted on board a sensor-buoy, detects the presence or absence of the pollutant in any atmospheric condition. The sensor consists of a measuring chamber, in which the water, loaded by a submersible pump, maintains a constant level thanks to a small siphon. The detection system, consisting of a UVC-LED and a phototransistor that responds in the visible light band, is located in the upper part of the chamber. In vitro tests, performed by comparing the sensor results with those obtained from a spectrofluorometer, have shown good sensitivity, repeatability, and accuracy, despite the inexpensiveness and low energy consumption of the sensor. An important goal achieved by the design and building methodology is that the sensor is able to withstand harsh weather conditions, the corrosive action of salt water and biofouling.