bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Heat Exchanger Performance of Shell and Multi Tube Helical Coil as a Heater through the Utilization of a Diesel Machine’s Exhaust Gas
Authors: Zainuddin . , Nurdin Jufrizal , Is Eswanto
Published: May 2016

A review on reutilization of heat waste from a diesel machine is absolutely important. This is because the exhaust gas potential of a Diesel machine keeps increasing and not much has been utilized by the industry. One of the techniques of reutilizing the heat waste in industry is by using a heat exchanger. The technique is also very useful for the environment because it can reduce air pollution caused by the exhaust gas of the diesel machine. The main purpose of the research is to find out the capability of shell and multi-tube helical coil HE as an air heater by utilizing the exhaust gas of the Diesel machine. The heat exchanger of shell and multi-tube helical coil  utilizes the exhaust thermal gas of the Diesel machine as the air heater already made. The apparatus has the following dimension: the shell length of 1.05 m, diameter 0.1524 m, tube length of 3.25 m with 20 coils, tube diameter of 0.011 m, coil diameter of 0.0508 m with 4 helical coils. The type of Diesel machine to use in the testing is 4FB1 Isuzu Diesel engine. The machine has the maximum machine power and rotation of 54 kW and 3,600 rpm. The performance testing of heat exchanger has been conducted in some variations of Diesel machine rotations of 1,500 rpm, 1,750 rpm, 2,000 rpm, 2,250 rpm and 2,500 rpm. The testing result shows a maximum effectiveness to happen at the machine rotation of 1,500 rpm. The maximum effectiveness to get is 67.8% and then it goes down drastically in accordance with the increase of air mass flow rate. The hot air temperature created is from 47.1°C to 52.3°C so that it can be used for the purpose of drying up the unhulled rice.
Documentos para la historia de Alicante: cartas enviadas desde el «Consell» de Valencia a la villa de Alicante durante el reinado de Martín I
Authors: Cabanes Catalá María Luisa
Published: May 2016

Recogemos aquí un total de 19 cartas enviadas desde el «Consell» de Valencia a la entonces villa de Alicante, contenidas en los volúmenes le «Lietres missives» conservadas en el Archivo Municipal de Valencia, con ellas pretendemos iniciar una sección, dedicada a la publicación de fuentes documentales correspondientes a las tierras alicantinas durante el Medievo. La temática de las mismas es diversa encontrando entre ellas, desde lo que llamaríamos «cartas de presentación» a problemas de corso, pasando por las que hacen referencia al secuestro de bienes de ciudadanos de Valencia por parte de alicantinos, apresamiento de trigo con destino a Valencia, transmisión de noticias, etc.
Necrología
Authors: Historia Medieval Anales de la UA
Published: May 2016

Necrología
La Governació al Principat de Catalunya i als comtats de Roselló i Cerdanya
Authors: Sabaté i Curull Flocel
Published: May 2016

A Catalunya, entre els segles XIII i XV, s'articula l'alta delegació del sobirà, veritable reflex de la consolidació de la posició reial i catalitzadora de les tensions entre els vectors de poder. La figura es mostra com elevada magistratura d'un país cohesionat per la pròpia sinergia dels diferents grups de pressió, entre els quals evolucionarà fins a sortir dels temps medievals amb una posició afermada però, alhora, ja desplaçada de destacades preeminències. El recorregut per aquesta institució, doncs, transporta la consolidació reial entre l'emergència municipal i la puixança baronial a través de les llums i foscors dels segles que clouen l'edat mitjana.
El modelo de identidad del reino de Mallorca en la Baja Edad Media
Authors: Tudela Villalonga Luis
Published: May 2016

El Reino de Mallorca definió su modelo de identidad a lo largo de la Baja Edad Media. En este período, fue creando sus rasgos más característicos en diversos ámbitos como el institucional, el territorial, el judicial, o el fiscal entre otros. En el siglo XIII, la ocupación cristiana de las Islas Baleares fijó el marco regulador de convivencia de los repobladores y propició la creación de una nueva administración a todos los niveles, mientras que la dinastía privativa mallorquina favoreció la proyección de la imagen a nivel interior y exterior del Reino de Mallorca, y la consolidación de la organización institucional en aquellas zonas en las que aún era incipiente. Sin embargo, no todos los procesos tuvieron éxito. La heterogeneidad de los territorios que componían el Reino de Mallorca no permitió la construcción de una identidad nacional.
Violencia nobiliaria en el sur del Reino de Valencia a finales de la Edad Media
Authors: Ponsoda López de Atalaya Santiago , Soler Milla Juan Leonardo
Published: May 2016

Los conflictos señoriales constituyeron uno de los rasgos definitorios del proceso de señorialización en el País Valenciano durante los siglos bajomedievales. En este trabajo se analizan dos casos paradigmáticos, las disputas entre los Maça de Liçana y Roiç de Corella y la bandositat entre los Rocafull, Rocamora y Masquefa en las comarcas meridionales, ahondado en la casuística del enfrentamiento entre señores al hilo de la renovación historiográfica valenciana en los estudios de la nobleza.
Occurrence of diversity in dental pattern and their role in identification in Udaipur population: an orthopantomogram based study
Authors: Metgud Rashmi , Bhardwaj Tina , Naik Smitha , Tak Aniruddh
Published: May 2016

Background: Dental comparison is based on unique characteristics of the teeth (shape and outline, restorations, supernumerary teeth, impacted, fractured teeth etc.). Being the hardest structure in human body, teeth represent an ideal means of identification in situations of advanced decomposition, fire and mass disaster. Orthopantomogram is a broadly applied standard method in todayâ€™s practical dentistry and provides a complete view of the teeth and both jaws in one image.AIM: The present study aimed to verify the diversity of dental patterns in Udaipur population based on specific patterns of missing, filled, unrestored (virgin) and impacted teeth using Orthopantomogram.Material and Methods: 300 Dental Orthopantomogram were randomly selected from Pacific Dental College & Hospital, Udaipur and observed for the occurrence of dental patterns. The frequency of occurrence of dental patterns and the diversity in dental patterns were calculated for full dentition, maxilla and mandible.Results: Occurrence of most common dental pattern was formed by 32 virgin teeth, 10.66%. the diversity of dental pattern for full dentition was 99.7%, maxilla was 99.5%, and mandible was 99.49%.Conclusion: The diversity derived from dental patterns is a potentially valuable tool with broad applicability for human identification inspite of the mentioned drawbacks.
Rebalancing Competition Policy to Stimulate Innovation and Sustain Growth
Authors: Chan Jonathan , Fung Herbert
Published: May 2016

Innovation is fundamental to sustainable economic development because input resources are finite. When an economy faces constraints such as land and labour, innovation fuels continued growth through new technologies that utilises the limited resources more productively. Competition contributes to this process by providing a platform for new technologies to replace old ones, but excessive competition may also dampen the incentives to innovate. Unlike economics literature which typically examines how market structure affects innovation, this paper explores how innovation affects the market structure. We observe that, as innovative businesses are scalable, markets are becoming more concentrated from a static point of view. However, as disruptive innovation takes place in the broader ecosystem of separate but related markets, product life cycles shorten, and these concentrated markets become more competitive from a dynamic point of view. We also find that innovative products often do not conform to existing regulations. In order to unleash the full potential of innovation as a driving force for sustained economic growth, we recommend a rebalancing of competition law and policy towards stronger enforcement against lateral anti-competitive activities versus horizontal and vertical ones. We also recommend more emphasis on dynamic competition analysis versus static ones in regulatory decision-making.
Model of the Factors Influencing Competitiveness of the Latvian Fisheries Sector Cluster
Authors: Biukšāne Inese
Published: May 2016

The aim of the research is to elaborate the model of factors influencing competitiveness of the Latvian fisheries sector cluster. Based on the studied scientific literature, the research provides an improved definition of the sector competitiveness and defines the factors influencing the competitiveness of the sector. As a result of the analysis, the author has discovered that there are several internal and external social, economic, political and environmental factors that influence the competitiveness of the Latvian fisheries sector cluster. It is advisable to the institutions involved in fisheries policy-making to take into account the identified factors, influencing the competitiveness, and their changes when making and improving the general policy of the sector.
Expert In-depth Interview on Development and Efficiency of “RIGA International Airport” Reflecting Factors
Authors: Paramonovs Sergejs , Ijevleva Ksenija
Published: May 2016

The aim of the paper is to identify development ways and effectiveness of RIGA International Airport. Theoretical evidence was examined and expert in-depth interview was carried out to explore the main circumstances affecting RIGA International Airport functioning. Findings of the study show that there are positive tendencies in the field of airport efficiency and development, but improvement is needed primarily for coordinating visions and resources managed by both state and airport administration bodies.
Synergetic surface modification effect of argon and oxygen for diamond films by MPCVD
Authors: Jiang Caiyi , Guo Shenghui , Yang Li , Gao Jiyun , Hu Tu , Peng Jinhui , Zhang Libo
Published: May 2016

Diamond films were synthesized in a CH4-H2 system with good surface quality by adjusting the additive amount of argon and oxygen gas. The diamond phase content and surface roughness of samples are 86.1% and 81.5 nm, respectively. The results indicate that only Ar addition will decrease the purity of diamond films, whereas Ar-O2 mixed gas can further increase the diamond phase content. It is worth noting that the content of diamond phase has no significant increase when O2 flow exceed 1 sccm. The surface roughness reduced from 199.8 to 81.5 nm by the addition of 14 sccm Ar and 1 sccm O2, and the surface quality will be deteriorated in case of further increasing O2 or decreasing Ar concentration. Meanwhile, the growth rate under different conditions and the synergetic surface modification effect of Ar-O2 mixed gas for diamond films growth process were discussed.
Role Expectations in Public Digital Cultural Resources Integration Projects
Authors: Xiao Ximing , Wanyan Dengdeng , Zhang Fangyuan
Published: May 2016

A public digital cultural resources integration project involves the participation of multiple public cultural institutions, which must undertake different roles and accomplish the project’s missions through cooperation. In this study, we employed some concepts from the role expectation framework from role theory (including the designation and assignment of role expectations, and the designation and assignment of role functions), examined extant literature to obtain the roles of agents and their functions in a collaborative project, designed a role function system, and conducted interviews and a survey with workers in public cultural institutions. The results show that in China’s resources integration projects, there is stronger willingness for institutions to cooperate with institutions of similar administrative ranks; the institutions’ role expectations should be considered when assigning roles, and adequate roles should be given to each entity, with particular notice paid to mediation and coordination from third-party organizations; based on adequate role assignment, the role functions should be further detailed and elaborated at the start of the project.
Two approaches to defining internal, external, and zero-focalization
Authors: Stühring Jan , Köppe Tilmann
Published: May 2016

The paper discusses two approaches to defining internal, external, and zero-focalization. According to the first approach, the three types of focalization are defined in terms of a relation of a character’s knowledge to the narrator’s report. We argue that the definitions based on this approach are seriously flawed. According to the second approach, whether a narrative is internally, externally or zero-focalized depends on how the information that the reader gets about the fictional world is constrained. We discuss some ways of rendering these definitions more precise, and we point to a remaining problem of the definitions.
The Ambiguous Legacy of Ngô Đình Diệm in South Vietnam’s Second Republic (1967–1975)
Authors: Fear Sean
Published: May 2016

Although recent English-language Vietnam War scholarship has devoted considerable attention to reassessing the Ngô Đình Diệm era, contemporaneous South Vietnamese interpretations of the president’s tenure have been largely overlooked. Contrary to prevailing assumptions that his influence ended abruptly with his 1963 murder, Ngô Đình Diệm was a hotly debated figure long after his death. Moreover, his contested legacy came to symbolize South Vietnam’s enduring political, regional and religious schisms, contributing to and reinforcing his country’s profound social fragmentation. The fluid and ambiguous memory that Vietnamese had of his time in office had a substantial impact on subsequent political developments, establishing patterned dynamics of political conflict that endured throughout the Second Republic and providing conceptual yardsticks against which subsequent politicians and political developments were measured. Ngô Đình Diệm’s fraught symbolic resonance and significant posthumous political impact are therefore crucial dimensions to consider in evaluating his legacy.
Application of commercial test-systems to identify gram-negative facultatively anaerobic bacteria
Authors: Patyka V. , Butsenko L. , Pasichnyk L.
Published: May 2016

Aim. To validate the suitability of commercial API 20E test-system (bioMerieux) for the identifi cation and characterization of facultative gram-negative phytopathogenic bacterial isolates. Methods. Conventional mi- crobiological methods, API 20E test-system (bioMerieux) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Re- sults. The identifi cation results for Erwinia amylovora, Pectobacterium carotovorum and Pantoea agglome- rans isolates were derived from the conventional and API 20E test systems, which, were in line with the literature data for these species. The API 20E test-system showed high suitability for P. agglomerans isolates identifi cation. Although not all the species of facultatively anaerobic phytopathogenic bacteria may be identi- fi ed using API 20E test-system, its application will surely allow obtaining reliable data about their physiologi- cal and biochemical properties, valuable for identifi cation of bacteria, in the course of 24 h. Conclusions. The results of tests, obtained for investigated species while using API 20E test-system, and those of conventional microbiological methods coincided. The application of API 20E test-system (bioMerieux) ensures fast obtain- ing of important data, which may be used to identify phytopathogenic bacteria of Erwinia, Pectobacterium, Pantoea genera.
Burden of Disability in India (1881–2011)
Authors:   Ph.D Research Scholar tata Institute of social sciences (tIss). Mumbai – 400088, Paul Kalosona , Saha Shrestha ,   Ph.D Research Scholar tata Institute of social sciences (tIss). Mumbai – 400088
Published: May 2016

It is estimated that roughly in the world 10 percent or 650 million people live with disability while India consist 26.8 million(Census 2011) & 58th round of National s ample s urvey (N ss ), 2002 (18.5million) indicates that around 2 percent of country’s population suffers from disability . t he overreaching aim of this paper is to estimate the pre valence of disability with its type and assess the changes of proportionate disabled population during pre-independence and post-independence period. t he paper essentially explains the manifold increase in the pre valence of disability in post independence period due to the adaption of new definition. t o analyze the prevalence of disability t he s tandardized Index of Diversity ( s ID) which was dev eloped by l ieberson (1969) and Rowland (2003) and further giv en in K.M. Ponnapalli and F.Ram (2010). Paper outcome be said that blindness which continues fluctuated from the colonial periods in India. Concentration of disabled females is more with speech and, hearing whereas males movement and mental disabilities. s IDD index values indicates that all the states and districts ha ve experienced a rising seeing disability and movement disability, but 2011 reveal that prevalence of hearing and movement disability gradually growing. t his index re veals that North- e ast states like s ikkim; Nagaland & Manipur districts are disabled population are direct effect on curv ature of economic. However, there is a need for the much detailed investigation of the demography of disability which could provide insights into the problem and suggest the efforts that are needed to tackle the issue.
Prevalence of Depression and Associated Factors among Addis Ababa University Students, Addis Abeba, Ethiopia
Authors:   College of Health Sciences, Dilla university, Dilla, SNNPR, ethiopia, Berhanu Yetayale
Published: May 2016

Depression could affect the student’s academic success and his future such as withdrawal from study. Dropout ratio was found two-times higher in first-year students compared to second or third year students. It also causes people all across the world to have feelings of sadness, helplessness, worthlessness, and guilt. One of the important reasons in the current study is lack of data on the extent of mental disorders especially in higher learning institutions.
The evolution of Colombian industry in the context of the energy-mining boom: Symptoms of the dutch disease?
Authors: López González Mauricio , Torres Gomez Edwin Esteban , Giraldo González Sebastian
Published: May 2016

This paper seeks to evaluate and demonstrate the hypothesis of deindustrialization and Dutch Disease (DD) for the case of the Colombian economy by using a Beta regression model. The results of the research indicate that it is not possible to reject the suggestion that the mining and energy boom have potential adverse effects on the manufacturing sector.
Senik, C. (2014): L'économie du bonheur. Paris: Seuil
Authors: Urteaga Eguzki
Published: May 2016

La economista Claudia Senik acaba de publicar la obra L'économie du bonheur [La economía de la felicidad] en la editorial Seuil, cuya colección La République des Idées está codirigida por Pierre Rosanvallon e Ivan Jablonka. Conviene recordar que la autora es catedrática de Economía en la Universidad de París La Sorbona y en la Escuela de Economía de París, además de ser miembro del Instituto Universitario de Francia. Ha publicado numerosos artículos de referencia en revistas científicas de prestigio internacional tales como Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Review of Economics and Statistics, The Economic Journal y Journal of Comparative Economics. Es representante de la nueva generación de economistas galos, al igual que Thomas Piketty (2013), quienes debaten constantemente con los economistas anglosajones, dialogan con las demás ciencias sociales y compaginan reflexión teórica y trabajo empírico.La presente obra se interesa por el vínculo existente entre crecimiento económico y sensación de felicidad. Como lo constata la propia autora: "La modernidad democrática ha convertido la felicidad [...] en un principio constitucional, casi en un deber" (Senik, 2014, p. 7). Con el transcurso del tiempo, y especialmente a lo largo de los últimos quince años, la felicidad y su medida se han convertido en objetos legítimos de las ciencias económicas. De hecho, la economía de la felicidad encuentra su origen en la Escuela de Leyde (situada en Holanda) durante los años setenta del pasado siglo y se ha desarrollado especialmente a partir de los años noventa, gracias a la preocupación creciente de los investigadores por esta cuestión y a la disponibilidad de series estadísticas. Desde hace varias décadas, se mide el nivel de felicidad subjetiva declarada por los individuos a través de grandes encuestas internacionales.
Los riesgos de las entidades aseguradoras en el marco del Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) y el control interno
Authors: Hernández Barros Rafael
Published: May 2016

Los sistemas integrales de gestión del riesgo, en particular el Enterprise Risk Management (ERM), se han convertido en una práctica fundamental de la gestión de empresas para la mitigación y control de los riesgos. La crisis financiera actual ha estimulado a las empresas aseguradoras a dar mayor importancia a la gestión de los riesgos, alentadas además por la nueva regulación europea Solvencia II; por ello el objetivo principal de este trabajo ha sido proponer un marco conceptual de los riesgos a los que se enfrentan las empresas internacionales de seguros desde una perspectiva global, cuya actividad presenta peculiaridades específicas que hacen que el proceso de control interno y gestión de riesgos adquieran una especial relevancia, y que puede ser aplicado a empresas de otros sectores económicos.
Compatibilidad o conflicto entre objetivos sociales y financieros de las microfinanzas: debates teóricos y evidencia empírica
Authors: Gutiérrez-Goiria Jorge , Unceta Satrustegui Koldo
Published: May 2016

Las microfinanzas representan un sector en crecimiento, que no está exento de cues-tionamientos. Los efectos de estas prácticas, así como los posibles conflictos entre los objetivos sociales y financieros, son cuestiones aún debatidas que precisan profundización.El artículo parte de los análisis teóricos y empíricos, que abordan diferentes aspectos sobre las Instituciones Microfinancieras y su operativa. En el sector conviven los enfoques orientados a las necesidades de desarrollo y sociales, junto a otros más cercanos a la economía financiera y a la ampliación de la base del sistema financiero. Las posibles tensiones entre estas visiones, que podrían por ejemplo plantear problemas para trabajar atendiendo a los más pobres de forma sostenible, se sitúan como una preocupación clave.En este marco, partiendo de un profundo análisis teórico y bibliográfico, se realiza un estudio cuantitativo a partir de una amplia base de datos, que abarca más de 1.000 instituciones microfinancieras, tratadas con un Análisis de Componentes Principales. Además de arrojar luz sobre otras cuestiones, el artículo concluye que no existe una contradicción insoslayable entre la búsqueda de una mayor proyección social de las Instituciones Microfinancieras y su propia solvencia financiera, mostrando que, en la práctica, ambas cuestiones pueden ser compatibles y complementarias.
Modelo de control estratégico desde la perspectiva del valor de los intangibles. Método y aplicación
Authors: López Ruiz Víctor Raúl , Nevado Peña Domingo
Published: May 2016

En el control estratégico, la perspectiva de medición de los activos intangibles, entendidos como capacidades futuras de una organización, permite anticipar necesidades y oportunidades. En este sentido, en este trabajo se plasma un sistema de información para la toma de decisiones estratégicas a partir del sistema contable, que se soporta en el concepto del capital intelectual como diferencia entre valor de mercado y de libros, incorporando la aleatoriedad de los mercados con un modelo econométrico. Una vez valorados los activos intangibles, dicho modelo permite el análisis estratégico para la mejora del valor real de la organización a través de una función lineal que los sitúa como generadores del capital intelectual organizacional. El proceso ha sido analizado con su aplicación a una empresa de servicios.
El dinero no da la felicidad, pero como ayuda
Authors: Gracia Hernández Maximiliano , González Barranco Elideth
Published: May 2016

Después de su primer libro Hay vida después de la crisis, Carlos Díez decide publicar esta nueva obra titulada La economía no da la felicidad, pero ayuda a conseguirla, con la que pretende que todo público pueda entender los conocimientos económicos que han regido desde siempre a la sociedad.El propósito fundamental del libro, menciona Carlos Díez, es "humanizar la economía para ponerla al servicio del hombre y no al revés" (p. 5); además, explica cómo afectan los diferentes sistemas políticos a la economía y al crecimiento económico: "Si queremos obtener una imagen fiel de la realidad, la economía no puede estudiarse aislada del análisis político y social" (p. 5).La economía es una ciencia viva para todos los individuos..., hacemos economía cuando decidimos qué comprar y cuánto comprar; hacemos economía cuando decidimos cómo gastar nuestro dinero y sacarle la mayor utilidad; pensamos en economía sin saberlo cuando vemos que los precios incrementan y nuestro poder adquisitivo es cada día menor. No obstante lo anterior, cuando escuchamos hablar de temas económicos, pensamos en algo complicado y difícil de entender.Con la presente obra el autor nos guía por las principales escuelas del pensamiento económico y sus aportaciones más destacadas. Afirma que las ideas mueven al mundo, así como resalta la importancia de volver a situar al hombre en el centro de las decisiones y que la globalización y evolución tecnológica deben ser instrumentos para mejorar nuestras vidas.El autor afirma que después de la gran crisis del 2008, y con base en los hechos registrados, se creó la enorme necesidad de concienciar a las personas e impulsarlas a adquirir el conocimiento que los ayude a tratar asuntos relacionados con la economía, con la finalidad de evitar desastres que obstruyan una vida saludable y "nuestra felicidad económica".
NGOs EFFICIENCY AND TRANSPARENCY POLICY: THE COLOMBIAN CASE
Authors: Gálvez Rodríguez María Del Mar , Caba Pérez Carmen , López Godoy Manuel
Published: May 2016

In recent years the influence of Colombian non-governmental organizations (NCOs) in diverse social sectors of the country has increased. However, the legitimacy of this sector has been undermined by corruption. This distrust has questioned the efficiency of NCOs as social tools. Transparency as a mechanism against corruption and one of the tools that improves the functioning of an organization is considered. There is no doubt that Internet is an essential element in disseminating information to the different stakeholders of the organization.This paper sets out three main objectives: i) the analysis of information disclosure through the Internet of Colombian NCOs, ii) the analysis of the efficiency of these entities in reaching their social goals and, iii) the analysis of the online transparency effect in a greater efficiency of the Colombian NCOs.
Lengua nonuya y conservación lingüística: algunas reflexiones
Authors: Romero Cruz Isabel Victoria
Published: May 2016

Desde los años setenta se encendieron las alarmas frente al fenómeno de desplazamiento acelerado que conllevaba la muerte de muchas lenguas del mundo, especialmente de lenguas minoritarias con reducido número de hablantes, primordialmente orales y ágrafas, altamente susceptibles a las influencias sociales, culturales y económicas que acarrean consigo las lenguas mayoritarias. La situación de las lenguas nativas colombianas no se aleja de esa realidad, y se puede afirmar que todas ellas tienen diferentes grados de amenaza. Por tal motivo, y con particular interés en la lengua nonuya o nononotá, en el presente artículo nos enfocamos en esta lengua endémica colombiana, de la familia lingüística Witoto, clasificada como en riesgo crítico de extinción, para proponer algunas reflexiones en torno a la muerte, el mantenimiento y la revitalización lingüística, en el marco de lo aquí osamos llamar conservación lingüística. Como reflexiones en torno al nonuya, presentamos una breve contextualización sociohistórica, el paisaje lingüístico de Peña Roja (donde viven los descendientes de esta lengua) y algunos aspectos de las iniciativas actuales de lucha por la supervivencia. Finalmente, discutimos la relevancia de este tipo de acercamientos, proponiendo una interacción más fuerte entre ciencias biológicas y lingüística para hacer frente a fenómenos de desplazamiento y muerte lingüística, desde una visión más amplia.
Performance mining equipment (extraction-load-transportation) in the Ernesto Guevara Factory
Authors: Belete-Fuentes Orlando , Estenoz-Mejía Severo , Diéguez-García Yoandro
Published: May 2016

El rendimiento general del laboreo minero de los frentes de arranque en las minas de la Empresa Comandante Ernesto Guevara de Moa, se encuentra por debajo de las productividades medias de explotación establecidas para cada una de las líneas de equipos que forman el conjunto tecnológico arranque-carga- transporte. En el trabajo se exponen criterios sobre el rendimiento de los equipos mineros y su productividad, se analiza el comportamiento del conjunto excavadora- camión para dos variantes de explotación aplicados en la Mina: Excavadora-Camión articulado y excavadora-Camión rígido. Se obtienen magnitudes de los diferentes índices técnico-económico-productivos del equipamiento sobre cuya base se determinaron las productividades y el consumo de combustible específico de las operaciones.Los resultados se fundamentan en aspectos técnico-productivos e incluyen criterios comparativos entre la tecnología Excavadora-Camión articulado contra excavadora-Camión rígido. Se determinó la variante más efectiva desde el punto de vista consumo energético y minero técnico del conjunto Excavadora-Camión.
Activos educacionales de la población rural en un área empobrecida: la región noroeste de la República Argentina
Authors: Natera Rivas Juan José
Published: May 2016

A partir de la información del Censo de Población de 2010, se ofrece un análisis acerca del nivel de instrucción de la población rural del noroeste argentino —una de las regiones más atrasadas del país— junto con una clasificación departamental según su nivel de estudios. El grado de instrucción de la población rural representa un aspecto relevante, pues se trata de uno de los condicionantes clave que determinan el nivel de ingresos que potencialmente una persona puede percibir, en un contexto en el que los habitantes rurales se están viendo obligados, cada vez en mayor medida, a competir por puestos de trabajo con los residentes en las áreas urbanas.
Valoración del paisaje en una propuesta de turismo sostenible: la “Ruta del Oro”, Nariño (Colombia)
Authors: Delgado Martínez Aida Mercedes , Pantoja Timarán Freddy
Published: May 2016

La valoración de la calidad visual del paisaje realizada en el municipio de El Tambo, Nariño (Colombia), es un aporte al proceso de priorización de los sitios candidatos a integrar una propuesta de turismo sostenible denominada “Ruta del oro”. Para ello, utilizando el método analítico, se determinó cuáles de estos sitios tienen mayor potencial para integrar la propuesta mencionada. De acuerdo con lo anterior, se realizó una subdivisión del sistema —en este caso el paisaje— en cierto número de componentes, cuya valoración individualizada dio por agregación el valor del conjunto. Por los resultados obtenidos, se concluye que esta metodología puede ser replicable para otros casos de diseño de propuestas turísticas o de ordenamiento del territorio.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO MOLECULAR DE ISOLADOS DE Colletotrichum spp. ASSOCIADOS A PODRIDÃO FLORAL DOS CITROS
Authors: SILVEIRA AMANDA LETÍCIA DA , STRACIERI JULIANA , PEREIRA FERNANDA DIAS , SOUZA ANDRESSA DE , GOES ANTONIO DE
Published: May 2016

RESUMO A podridão floral dos citros (PFC) é uma importante doença dessa cultura, responsável por elevadas perdas de produção. Normalmente, essa doença mostra-se limitante quando ocorrem prolongados períodos chuvosos durante o florescimento das plantas ou quando existe intenso molhamento foliar. Duas espécies de Colletotrichum estão associadas à doença: C. acutatum e C. gloeosporioides. Entretanto, recentemente, tem-se verificado que, mesmo sob condições não tão propícias, a doença tem ocorrido com relativa frequência, suspeitando-se do envolvimento de outras espécies de Colletotrichumou de novas condições de adaptação das espécies descritas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar se há ou não outra espécie de Colletotrichum associada a PFC e avaliar a viabilidade do emprego de marcadores moleculares ISSR na caracterização taxonômica de isolados de Colletotrichum spp. associados a sintomas de PFC em flores, assim como de tecidos foliares e frutos cítricos assintomáticos. Para tanto, foi empregada uma combinação de iniciadores específicos, levando em conta a região ITS e marcadores moleculares ISSR. Os marcadores ISSR mostraram-se eficientes na caracterização taxonômica dos isolados de Colletotrichum analisados. A população avaliada foi constituída apenas por C. acutatum e C. gloeosporioides, descartando o envolvimento de uma espécie adicional. Foi constatada alta diversidade genética entre os isolados analisados, o que também se mostra convergente quanto às diferenças fenotípicas observadas sob condições de campo. Entretanto, não foi encontrada relação quanto à origem e as espécies de Colletotrichum spp. associadas. De modo inédito, ainda que assintomaticamente, foi detectada a presença de um isolado de C. acutatum associado a frutos cítricos.
AVALIAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE FÍSICO-QUÍMICA DE POLPAS DE FRUTA CONGELADAS COMERCIALIZADAS NA CIDADE DE CUIABÁ-MT
Authors: BRASIL ALEXANDRE SILVA , SIGARINI KEYLA DOS SANTOS , PARDINHO FLÁVIA CONCEIÇÃO , FARIA ROZILAINE APARECIDA PELEGRINE GOMES DE , SIQUEIRA NÁGELA FARIAS MAGAVE PICANÇO
Published: May 2016

RESUMO O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade físico-química das polpas de frutas congeladas comercializadas na cidade de Cuiabá-MT, comparando com os padrões estabelecidos pela legislação vigente. O experimento foi desenvolvido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, sendo cinco tratamentos (marcas denominadas A, B, C, D e E) e três repetições, para as polpas de abacaxi, acerola, caju, goiaba e maracujá. Foram analisados os parâmetros pH, acidez titulável expressa em ácido cítrico, sólidos solúveis, ratio, vitamina C, açúcar redutor e quantificação da perda de vitamina C após 90 dias de armazenamento sob congelamento, em polpas de acerola e caju. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância, e as médias, comparadas pelo teste de Tukey, ao nível de 5% de probabilidade. A marca D apresentou não conformidade com a legislação para todas as polpas em, pelo menos, um dos parâmetros avaliados. Foi observado maior número de amostras em inadequação para o teor de vitamina C e, de forma geral, as polpas avaliadas apresentaram valores abaixo das especificações exigidas pelos Padrões de Identidade e Qualidade (PIQ) para as mesmas. Todas as amostras avaliadas tiveram redução do teor de vitamina C durante armazenamento sob congelamento, sendo que nenhuma marca de polpa de acerola e apenas uma de caju apresentou, ao final de 90 dias, teor de vitamina C de acordo com o estabelecido pelo PIQ. Conclui-se que é necessária uma intensificação na fiscalização no processamento de polpas de frutas congeladas para garantia da saúde do consumidor.
SELEÇÃO RECORRENTE INTRAPOPULACIONAL EM MARACUJAZEIRO-AZEDO VIA MODELOS MISTOS
Authors: FERREIRA RULFE TAVARES , VIANA ALEXANDRE PIO , SILVA FERNANDO HIGINO DE LIMA E , SANTOS EILEEN AZEVEDO , SANTOS JARDEL OLIVEIRA
Published: May 2016

RESUMO O maracujazeiro pertence ao gênero Passiflora, considerado o de maior importância econômica da família Passifloraceae. O objetivo do trabalho foi estimar para o maracujazeiro-azedo parâmetros e valores genotípicos pelo procedimento REML/BLUP em nível de progênie. Foram avaliadas 27 progênies de meios-irmãos oriundas do segundo ciclo de seleção recorrente conduzido na UENF, selecionadas via índice de seleção. As características avaliadas foram: número de frutos por parcela (NF); massa total de frutos por parcela (MTF) e massa média de frutos (MMF). Os valores genéticos foram estimados por meio do Software SELEGEN, utilizando o procedimento REML/BLUP. Nas estimativas dos parâmetros genéticos via REML, as duas características ligadas diretamente à produção e, portanto, consideradas as mais importantes, NF e MTF apresentaram estimativas de herdabilidade média de progênies de 0,395 e 0,439, respectivamente. Na seleção e nas estimativas dos ganhos via BLUP, o coeficiente de coincidência revelou concordância do resultado da seleção entre as progênies, mostrando que para as três características avaliadas, as mesmas 8 progênies são superiores para as três características simultaneamente. A metodologia REML/BLUP mostrou-se adequada para a avaliação, possibilitando obter estimativas dos parâmetros genéticos e fenotípicos que revelaram a possibilidade de sucesso com a seleção de progênies superiores, com ganhos simultaneamente de 18,02%, 23,08% e 9,65% para NF, MTF e MMF, respectivamente.
PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS DE CITROS COM DIFERENTES COMBINAÇÕES COPA E PORTA-ENXERTO EM VIVEIRO PROTEGIDO
Authors: RODRIGUES MARIA JÚLIA DA SILVA , OLIVEIRA ELDES REINAN MENDES DE , GIRARDI EDUARDO AUGUSTO , LEDO CARLOS ALBERTO DA SILVA , SOARES FILHO WALTER DOS SANTOS
Published: May 2016

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produção de mudas de laranjeiras doces ‘Pera’ e ‘Westin’, tangerineira-tangor ‘Piemonte’ e limeira-ácida ‘Tahiti’ enxertadas em 14 porta-enxertos de citros em viveiro protegido. As mudas de laranjeiras-doces ‘Pera D-6’ e ‘Westin’, tangerineira-tangor ‘Piemonte’ e limeira-ácida ‘Tahiti CNPMF-02’ foram avaliadas em viveiro protegido após a enxertia, em 11 porta-enxertos híbridos: citrandarins ‘Indio’, ‘Riverside’ e ‘San Diego’, citrumelo ‘Swingle 4475’, HTR-051, TSKC x (LCR x TR)-040 e 059, LVK x LCR-010 e 038, TSKC x CTTR-002 e TSKC x CTSW-041, além de trifoliata ‘Flying Dragon’, limoeiro ‘Cravo Santa Cruz’ e tangerineira ‘Sunki Tropical’. Coletaram-se variáveis biométricas e fisiológicas, sendo o delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, em parcelas subdivididas, com 56 tratamentos, três repetições e dez plantas na parcela. Independentemente do porta-enxerto, a limeira-ácida ‘Tahiti CNPMF-02’ foi a copa mais vigorosa em viveiro, seguida da tangerineira-tangor ‘Piemonte’ e, por fim, pelas laranjeiras ‘Pera-D6’ e ‘Westin’. A tangerineira ‘Sunki Tropical’ induziu maior crescimento vegetativo e de sistema radicular em combinação com todas as copas estudadas. O trifoliata ‘Flying Dragon’ e o híbrido HTR-051 necessitam de maior período para a formação das mudas em função do menor vigor desses genótipos, em combinação com todas as variedades copas avaliadas. Não se observaram quaisquer sintomas de incompatibilidade entre as variedades no viveiro.
Cluster analysis of breeding values for milk yield and lactation persistency in Guzerá cattle
Authors: Cruz Diego Augusto Campos da , Savegnago Rodrigo Pelicioni , Santana Annaíza Braga Bignardi , Peixoto Maria Gabriela Campolina Diniz , Bruneli Frank Angelo Tomita , Faro Lenira El
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to explore the pattern of genetic lactation curves of Guzerá cattle using cluster analysis. Test-day milk yields of 5,274 first-lactation Guzerá cows were recorded in a progeny test. A total of 34,193 monthly records were analyzed with a random regression animal model using Legendre polynomials to fit additive genetic and permanent environmental random effects and mean trends. Hierarchical and non-hierarchical cluster analyses were performed based on the EBVs for monthly test-day milk yield, peak yield, lactation persistency, and partial cumulative and 305-day yields. The heritability estimates for test-day milk yields ranged from 0.24 to 0.52. Cluster analysis identified animals in the population that belong to different groups according to milk production level and lactation persistency.
PHYSICAL, MORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES AND RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY OF CHESTNUT BLIGHT DISEASED CASTANEA SATIVA MILL. WOOD
Authors: Gunduz Gokhan , Oral Mehmet Ali , Akyuz Mehmet , Aydemir Deniz , Yaman Barbaros , Asik Nejla , Bulbul Ali Savas , Allahverdiyev Surhay
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT In this study, some of the physical and anatomical properties of Chestnut Blight Diseased (CBD) wood were investigated, and the study also included observations using Raman spectroscopy. The objective of these investigations was to determine the extent of the damage that is done to the wood of the diseased chestnut trees, which must be removed from the forest and used in the manufacture of industrial products. It was indicated that most of the adverse effects of the disease were in the vascular cambium. There was a clear indication of deterioration of the wood in the last growth ring next to vascular cambium. In the diseased secondary xylem region next to vascular cambium; vessel diameter, vessel frequency and vessel element length had a decrease, and vessel and other cells were irregular compared to healthy wood. Spores were detected and identified as Cryphonectria parasitica (Murrill). Annual ring properties (annual growth ring width, latewood percentage, etc.) were similar in diseased wood compared to healthy wood. The Raman spectroscopy results showed no significant changes in the structure of the cell wall or its components. After removing the diseased parts, unlimited usage of formerly wood is possible. Heat treatment of the wood is suggested before use in the interest of sanitation and dimensional stability.
Fatores associados à pneumonia em crianças Yanomami internadas por condições sensíveis à atenção primária na região norte do Brasil
Authors: Caldart Raquel Voges , Marrero Lihsieh , Basta Paulo Cesar , Orellana Jesem Douglas Yamall
Published: May 2016

Resumo Em países em desenvolvimento, a pneumonia é a principal causa de adoecimento e morte na infância, principalmente em grupos vulneráveis. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os fatores associados à pneumonia em crianças Yanomami internadas por condições sensíveis à atenção primária (ICSAP). As internações foram divididas em dois grupos: i) pneumonias e ii) demais causas, de acordo com a lista brasileira de ICSAP. Foram estimadas taxas ajustadas de ICSAP e utilizou-se a regressão logística não condicional para analisar fatores associados. Mais de 90% dos registros foram considerados ICSAP. A taxa padronizada de ICSAP foi 18,6/1.000. As chances de internação por pneumonia foram 2,7 (IC: 1,3-5,4) vezes maiores em crianças de 0,1 a 5,9 meses; 1,9 (IC: 1,1-3,3) vezes maiores nas crianças que tiveram a duração da hospitalização variando de 8 a 14 dias; e 3,0 (IC: 1,2-7,5) vezes maiores nas crianças com diagnóstico secundário de desnutrição. O excesso de internações evitáveis é um forte indício da baixa qualidade das ações em terras indígenas e do limitado acesso à atenção primária, contrariando o modelo assistencial proposto pelo subsistema de saúde indígena no Brasil que, em tese, deveria privilegiar tecnologias assistenciais ancoradas na atenção primária.
Crustacean communities in coastal ephemeral pools in the Araucanía region (38° S, Chile)
Authors: De los Ríos-Escalante P. , Acevedo P.
Published: May 2016

Abstract The fauna communities of ephemeral pools in southern Chile are characterized by heterogeneity of crustacean taxa; nevertheless, no detailed studies exist of their community structure. The aim of the present study was to analyze the crustacean community structure in two groups of ephemeral pools (Puaucho and Nigue pools) in the coastal zone of the Araucanía region. A correlation matrix was made by species abundance against temperature, conductivity, pH and total dissolved solids. In a second step, a null model for species co-occurrence was applied to the total data and to each group. The results for total data revealed a significant direct relation between the abundance of H. costera, C. dubia and Mesocyclops. For the Puaucho pools, the same results were found together with direct associations with total dissolved solids, conductivity and pH. Finally, different results were found for the Nigue pools, with no clear significant associations, either direct or indirect, between the abundance of different crustacean taxa and abiotic parameters. These results were supported by the co-occurrence null model analysis, which revealed the presence of regulator factors for the total data, and for each of the two groups. Ecological topics are discussed with emphasis on meta-community dynamics.
Ingestão de ácidos graxos monoinsaturados e metabolismo lipídico
Authors: Lopes Lílian Lelis ,   Universidade Federal de Viçosa,  Brasil, Peluzio Maria do Carmo Gouveia , Hermsdorff Helen Hermana Miranda
Published: May 2016

Resumo Esta revisão teve como objetivo apresentar e discutir os achados mais recentes do efeito dos ácidos graxos monoinsaturados (AGMI) sobre marcadores plasmáticos do metabolismo lipídico em estudos pós-prandiais e de intervenção clínica nutricional. Realizou-se busca em diferentes bases de dados entre 2010 e 2014, usando os seguintes termos de indexação: MUFA, Lipemia, Lipid Metabolism, Triglycerides e Postprandial. O consumo de refeição com alto conteúdo de AGMI tem demonstrado efeito benéfico na resposta lipidêmica pós-prandial, mas se essa resposta pode ser alterada em indivíduos com excesso de peso e/ou outras doenças crônicas após consumo de AGMI, ainda não está totalmente elucidado. De modo geral, após a intervenção com AGMI, os fatores de risco cardiovascular diminuíram, além de haver melhora no perfil lipídico. Em conclusão, os estudos recentes têm demonstrado um efeito benéfico do consumo de AGMI em curto e longo prazos, mediante aumento/manutenção das concentrações de HDL colesterol e diminuição do LDL colesterol.
Geriatric teaching in Brazilian medical schools in 2013 and considerations regarding adjustment to demographic and epidemiological transition
Authors: Cunha Ana Conceição Norbim Prado , Cunha Natália Norbim Prado , Barbosa Maira Tonidandel
Published: May 2016

Summary Objective: This study aims to describe the profile of medical schools that introduced courses on Geriatrics and Elderly Health or Aging in their curriculum, and compare such information with the age distribution and health epidemiological data of the Brazilian population, using data until the year of 2013. Methods: 180 universities offering medical undergraduate courses and registered with the Ministry of Education and Culture of Brazil (MEC) were found, as seen on the MEC website (www.emec.mec.gov.br) in February 2013. Based on the list of institutions, the authors created a database. Results: Brazil's Southeast region is the one presenting most of the courses, both offered as core or elective subjects, in the area of Geriatrics. The Midwest region had the least offer of Geriatrics and Elderly Health and Care courses. The Southeast region presents the greater absolute number of institutions with elective subjects, followed by the South and Northeast regions, each with a single institution. The Southeast region was at the same time the one that presented the biggest absolute number of institutions offering core subjects in the area of Geriatrics, being followed by the Northeast, South, North, and Midwest regions. Conclusion: By analyzing the availability of courses that emphasize aging and Geriatrics in brazilian medical schools, the present study reveals that specialized training should be encouraged with respect to the specificities of health care given to the elderly population, which has a higher frequency of chronic and degenerative diseases.