bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of the sensitivity of the magnetoimpedance sensor of small magnetic fields by methods of sequential approximation and swarm of particles
Authors: Yudanov N. A. , Nemirovich M. A. , Andreiko M. A. , Makhnovsky D. P. , Rodionova V. V. , Panina L. V.
Published: January 2024

The use of multiparametric optimization of an unknown discrete function in the development of applied solutions for physical systems is considered. Such optimization is practically implemented in real time using modern data transfer protocols at high speed and continuously increasing computing power. To optimize the sensitivity of a modern magnetic sensor based on high-frequency magnetoimpedance in ferromagnetic microconducts, an iterative method of global maximum search, the particle swarm algorithm, has been applied. The output signal of the sensor depends non-linearly on both the internal magnetic properties of the microcircuit and the excitation mode, which requires a certain calibration to establish optimal excitation parameters. The sensor output signals for various excitation parameters and external magnetic fields were measured using an automated installation. The results of the search for the global maximum by the sequential approximation method and the particle swarm method presented in the paper demonstrate the effectiveness of the search algorithm used, the particle swarm algorithm turned out to be the most effective, since it found the global maximum more accurately. With different excitation parameters, the algorithm has always determined the maximum sensitivity when varying the three main parameters of the excitation signal: frequency, amplitude and constant component. The results obtained can be applied in the development of highly sensitive intelligent magnetic sensors and systems based on them.
Calibration of intrinsic parameters of a star tracker’s digital camera based on ground-based stars observations, taking into account atmospheric refraction and light aberration
Authors: Vasilyuk N. N. , Nefedov G. A. , Sidorova E. A. , Shagimuratova N. O.
Published: January 2024

The mathematical model of a digital image contains a set of parameters called camera's intrinsic elements. The numerical values of the elements are unique and must be determined through the individual calibration. The paper considers the problem of fi ve intrinsic elements calibration: the focal length of the lens, two coordinates of the principial point of the image, and two second-order radial distortion coeffi cients. The stars observed by the calibrated camera from the Earth's surface are used as a calibration test pattern. The stellar coordinates are cataloged with very high accuracy, which makes it possible to get rid of complex calibration equipment and reduce the calibration problem to a particular problem of digital image processing. The positions of stars observed from the Earth's surface are distorted by a velocity aberration and atmospheric refraction. These effects are taken into account by introducing distortions into the direction vectors of stars taken from the star catalog. Two approaches to solving the calibration problem are considered, which take into account the unknown orientation of the calibrated camera relative to the Earth in different ways. It has been experimentally shown that both approaches lead to the same results. The discrepancy in calibration measurements after calibration decreases by a factor of 32, to a value on the order of the irremovable angular error in determining the apparent position of a star in a turbulent atmosphere. The results of individual calibration of the camera's intrinsic elements are used in the fi rmware of the star tracker to correct the systematic errors in attitude measurements.
The analysis of the measurement information on electrical discharge machined steel surfaces
Authors: Grigoriev S. N. , Masterenko D. A. , Skoptsov E. S.
Published: January 2024

The problem of studying the characteristics of the surface of heat-resistant steel samples after electrical discharge machining is considered as one of the most common and effective methods for manufacturing hard-to-machine parts, depending on the processing parameters. For the purposes of the study, samples were processed on an electrical discharge machine in various processing modes in accordance with a full-factorial experimental plan, which makes it possible to implement all possible combinations of processing parameters. To assess the state of the treated surface, the surface roughness of all obtained samples was measured in the longitudinal and transverse directions. The results of the analysis of the evaluation of the obtained surface roughness profi les are presented. The previously known conclusion that the average height of irregularities increases with increasing pulse current is confi rmed. It has been established that, along with this, the fractal dimension of the profi le also changes in the scale range of 20–500 μm, calculated on the basis of the “area – scale” function. A spectral analysis of microroughnesses based on the accumulated spectral power of the surface roughness profi le of steel samples was carried out, as a result of which it was shown that the main contribution to their formation is made by spatial frequencies in the range up to 0.05 μm–1. The results obtained will be useful in planning the modes of electrical discharge machining, depending on the functional purpose of the surfaces.
Numerical calculation of the phase of the complex acoustic impedance of air in a cylindrical closed volume
Authors: Golovin D. V.
Published: January 2024

As a result of primary pressure calibration (by reciprocity technique or by pistonphone method) of LS-type microphones, their corresponding complex sensitivity is determined. However, one of the problems of this procedure is the need to theoretically determine the complex acoustic impedance of air enclosed in a closed volume. As experiments and various theoretical works have shown for almost 100 years of studying the above-mentioned problem, the adiabatic approximation of acoustic oscillations, adopted at the beginning, is not correct. The most signifi cant (in the fi rst approximation) infl uencing factors, due to which the adiabatic approximation alone is not correct, are the heat exchange of air inside a closed volume with the external environment (through the walls of a closed volume) and refl ected waves that appear at high frequencies (as the length of the closed volume and the wavelength of oscillations are compared). Numerical simulation is proposed to study these factors. The numerical algorithm is based on the regularized NavierStokes equations with quasi-gas-dynamic approach, taking into account viscosity, thermal conductivity and compressibility of air. In this paper, the phase of the complex acoustic impedance of air in a closed volume with heat-conducting and heat-insulated walls is determined. The results of the study are relevant both for calibration of measurement microphones at low and infrasound frequencies by the pressure reciprocity technique and the pistonphone method, and for studying acoustic processes in liquid and gaseous media using numerical modeling. Measurement devices that was transmitted the unit of sound pressure in the air from measurement microphones calibrated by the primary method are used, for example, when monitoring noise from various sources (industrial activity, transport),
Stability of the GP5 antigen on the attenuated PRRSV BG895 strain
Authors:   Veterinary Research Centre – NAVETCO National Veterinary Joint Stock Company, Anh Thy Bùi ,   University of Science, VNU-HCM, Vietnam, Xuân Hạnh Trần ,   Veterinary Research Centre – NAVETCO National Veterinary Joint Stock Company, Linh Thước Trần ,   University of Science, VNU-HCM, Vietnam
Published: January 2024

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is one of the most dangerous infectious disease of the swine industry, caused by PRRSV, a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus. The viral envelope contains 6 structural proteins; among these, GP5 is the highly mutation-sensitive antigenic protein which plays important role in viral infection capacity and possesses important immunological domains with neutralizing epitopes. From the virulent PRRS BG8 strain isolated from PRRSV infected pig, using serial passage method in MARC-145 cell line, an attenuated strain in 95th passage, named as BG895, with high potential to be a vaccine candidate was successfully obtained. In this study, based on the sequence analysis of ORF5 and GP5 in comparison with those from the BG8 parental strain, several other PRRSV strains isolated in Vietnam and two attenuated strains currently being used as PRRSV vaccines, the GP5 antigenic stability and genetic relationship of the attenuated BG895 strain were analyzed. The results showed that although there were a few mutations occurred in the ORF5 nucleotide sequence and GP5 amino acid sequence during serial passage from the BG8 parental strain, the BG895 strain had 99.5% homology in ORF5 nucleotide sequence and 99% homology in GP5 amino acid sequence with those of BG8, respectively. BG895 strain had 99.8% homology in ORF5 nucleotide sequence with the strains harvested on the 50th and onward passages, and 99.5% homology in GP5 amino acid sequence with the strains harvested on the 25th and onward passages, respectively. Comparing with those from other virulent Vietnam strains such as DN42 VN2009, HCM.CC3 VN2010, TG34 VN2011, CT.C1 VN2012, HUA/HP30 VN2015; BG895 had 97.3-99.1% homology in nucleotide sequence and 96-99% homology in amino acid sequence. In GP5 C-terminal end, the Q196R mutation was observed on the strains harvested on the 95th to 100th passages, resulted in the GP5R196WGRL200 motif, which is often appeared on GP5 of type II attenuated PRRSV strains. The phylogenetic analysis of GP5 amino acid sequence revealed that BG81-BG895 strains were grouped into sublineage 8.7 frequently found in Asia and BG895 had 96-99.5% homology to other virulent strains in Vietnam. These results confirmed the GP5 antigenic stability of BG895 strain and its close genetic relationship with virulent PRRSV strains in the country. Based on these results, the BG895 strain will be used as the antigen in a trial vaccine formulatio
Biodiversity of crab species composition in the regenerated forest area of Can Gio mangrove forest after storm
Authors:   University of Science, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Le Quang Ha Tran , Ngoc Diem My Tran ,   University of Science, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Published: January 2024

The regeneration of mangroves after storm in Can Gio has been interested in research with the prospect of coming up with plans to overcome similar consequences in the future. The process of restoring vegetation in the area having been damaged by previously Durian hurricane in 2006 has recorded the appearance of 3 new species such as Sarmatium germaini, Nanosesarma pontianacense, Myomenippe hardwickii following the forest regeneration. In this study, we recorded 20 species of crabs belonging to 12 genus and 7 families, among these, Sesarmidae and Ocypodidae families accounted for the highest proportion. Particularly, Perisesarma eumolpe was the dominant species in all areas indicating their ability to tolerate and adapt to many habitats. Several new species specially Uca crabs were recorded at regenerated areas. Biological indicators indicated that the crab community had higher diversity in the dry season on the contrary, in the rainy season, there was an increased number of dominant species resulting in the decrease of the crab community diversity. The densities and biomass of crabs in regenerated areas were higher than those in intact forests. Results of this study indicated that natural regeneration has created conditions for the crab population to recover and opened up opportunities for many new species to appear.
Fabrication of Al/Al2O3/Ag SERS substrate by the corrosion method to detect ketoprofen
Authors:   University of Science, VNU-HCM, Vietnam, Thi Minh Le Huyen ,   University of Medicine and Pharmacy at HCMC, Vietnam, Hoang Nguyen Viet ,   University of Science, VNU-HCM, Vietnam, Thi Tran Lua ,   University of Science, VNU-HCM, Vietnam, Thanh Nguyen Phuc ,   University of Science, VNU-HCM, Vietnam, Van Ho Phan Nam ,   University of Science, VNU-HCM, Vietnam, Vu Tuan Le Hung ,   University of Science, VNU-HCM, Vietnam
Published: January 2024

In this work, we studied and fabricated SERS substrate (surface-enhanced Raman scattering) substrates based on Al/Al2O3/Ag to detect ketoprofen solution at low concentrations. Silver nanoparticles were decorated on Al2O3/Al substrate due to a displacement reaction. By changing the volume ratios of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) to AgNO3 and annealing temperature, the SERS substrates were fabricated with the large effective surface area, high density of ``hot-spots. The structure and surface morphology of these SERS substrates were investigated by measurements such as surface image recorded with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy at a point (EDS pointing), and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The results showed that in the experimental condition of the ratio volume 1:1 between CTAB 0.01M and AgNO3 0.02M solutions, and the displacement reaction time of 30 minutes, annealed samples at 100oC in 2 hours were formed Al/Al2O3/Ag SERS platforms with nanostructure leaf-shaped. The Ag NPs with sizes of 10 - 50 nm were distributed homogeneously on the surface. The Raman signal of the sample showed that Al/Al2O3/Ag SERS substrates could detect rhodamine 6G (R6G) at a very low concentration at 10-11M, analytical enhancement factor (EF) of ~ 8x108. From that, this SERS substrate could be used to detect a ketoprofen solution at a concentration as low as 10 ppm with the enhancement factor of ~ 1.5x106.
M cell: intestinal immunity’s gateway
Authors:   Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Science, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Tran-Van Hieu , LE-DAO Hoang Anh ,   Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Science, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Minh Dinh Thanh ,   Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Science, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Published: January 2024

M cells are specialized intestinal epithelial cells found in the follicle-associated epithelium (FAE) of Payer’s patches (PPs). M cells play a vital role, which is known as the gateway and initiator of mucosal immune responses in the gastrointestinal tract. Mature M cells, derived from intestinal stem cells, are randomly located throughout the gastrointestinal tract. The morphology of M cells is characterized by the lack of microvilli and a thin glycocalyx layer in comparison with other intestinal epithelial cells. Glycoprotein 2 (GP2) is highly expressed on the M-cells surface, to enable the uptake of pathogens in the lumen via ligand-receptor interactions. Then, antigens are transported to the subepithelial dome (SED) region to initiate IgA production. Therefore, applications targeting M cells have been attracting researchers’ attention. In this review, the origin, characteristics, and maturation of M cell were summarized, followed by discussion on the development of oral vaccines targeting M cells to solve the disadvantages of antigen dispersion in the intestine and immune tolerance in order to effectively stimulate the mucosal immunity in preventing intestinal pathogens. Furthermore, the combination of targeting M cell strategy and vaccine delivery system can not only effectively stimulate the mucosal immune but also protect the antigenic activity laying the base for research and development of oral vaccines in the future.
Using the magnetotelluric method to study the deep structure of the Sai Gon river fault in the vicinity of Ho Chi Minh City
Authors:   Department of Applied Sciences, Ho Chi Minh University of Technology and Education, Viet Luu Hung , Nguyen Van Thanh ,   University of Science, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Vu Tan Trong ,   South Vietnam Geological Mapping Division, Kon Lee Seong ,   Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM), Sy Ngo Manh ,   Geophysical Division, General Departement of Geology and Minerals of Vietnam, Thai Tran Duong ,   Geophysical Division, General Departement of Geology and Minerals of Vietnam, Quoc Dinh Tuan ,   Geophysical Division, General Departement of Geology and Minerals of Vietnam, Hai Tran Nam ,   Geophysical Division, General Departement of Geology and Minerals of Vietnam, Quang Nguyen Dung ,   Ho Chi Minh City Institute of Resources Geography, Ngoc Le Thanh ,   Ho Chi Minh City Institute of Resources Geography
Published: January 2024

This paper presented the study of the two magnetotelluric profiles crossing the Saigon river fault. The first one was 13.5 km long consisting in 8 stations extending from Cu Chi district, Ho Chi Minh city to Ben Cat district, Binh Duong province, and the second was 11.7 km long including 7 stations in Nhon Trach district, Dong Nai province, Vietnam. The data were recorded in the period range 0.002‒259 s using the GEPARD-4 instrument. Because of the influence of the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) on magnetotelluric soundings in this region, only data in the period range shorter than about 1 s for the analysis were used. The resistivity data of both TE and TM modes were used for inversion using the MT2DinvMatlab software. Firstly, data were inverted down to a depth of 10 km to obtain the main electric features of the region. The results showed that on both profiles, the resistivity cross-sections showed a 3-layer geoelectric structure in which the top low resistivity layer had a thickness of about 2 km, the resistive intermediate layer was about 6‒7 km thick, and the underlying low resistivity layer. On these cross-sections, the Saigon river fault could not be observed. Then data were inverted down to 3 km to obtain more detailed information to determine the location and dip direction of the Saigon river fault. The geoelectric cross-sections of 3 km depth showed that for the Cu Chi‒Ben Cat profile, the Saigon river fault corresponded to the low resistivity region below the stations CB5 and CB6, and for the Nhon Trach profile, the river fault Saigon would be related to the low resistivity region below the stations NT3 and NT4. The obtained results confirmed the existence of the Saigon river fault, with the location and its continuous extension from the Cu Chi‒Ben Cat area, through Thu Duc city to Nhon Trach district of Đồng Nai province.
Synthesis, investigation of the properties and evaluation the stability of the mix halogen perovskite (Cl, Br, I) and fabrication of perovskite solar cells
Authors:   Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, VNUHCM, Vietnam, Thanh Nguyen Ho Thi , Hien Tran Minh ,   Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, VNUHCM, Vietnam, Huynh Le Thanh Nguyen ,   Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, VNUHCM, Vietnam, Hai Le Viet ,   Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, VNUHCM, Vietnam, Hoang Nguyen Thai ,   Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, VNUHCM, Vietnam
Published: January 2024

Perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 has been attracted significant attention because of its high absorption coefficient, the ideal band gap energy (Eg =1.5 eV) and the low cost of synthesis. However, CH3NH3PbI3 had an intrinsic issue regarding the long-term stability due to the unstable bond of Pb‒I. In addition, the CH3NH3PbI3 cubic structure had easily been occurred in the phase transition. The chloride or bromide ion, a high electronegativity, was used to exchange for I- in CH3NH3PbI3 to create the mixed halide perovskites, CH3NH3PbI3-xBrx (x = 0.5‒1.5) and CH3NH3PbI1,8Cl1,2. The structure of materials was identified by XRD. The stability of CH3NH3PbI3-xBrx or CH3NH3PbI3-xClx was investigated during 290 hours in an environmental chamber (80 % humidity, 40 °C). The band gap of perovskites could be tunned by controlling the Cl-, Br- or I- ratio. The result revealed that the half‒life of CH3NH3PbI3-xBrx and CH3NH3PbI3-xClx were higher from 2 to 4 times than that of CH3NH3PbI3. Perovskite solar cells based-on CH3NH3PbI2,5Br0,5 and CH3NH3PbI1,8Cl1,2 were fabricated by using spin-dip coating 2 steps process possessing the maximum efficiency of 11.4 % (Jsc = 0.99 mA.cm-2, Voc = 1.05 V) and 12.3 % (Jsc = 1.14 mA.cm-2, Voc = 1.01 V) under AM 1.5 simulated sunlight of 1,000 W.m-2 light intensity
Population dynamics of Perisesarma eumolpe in the storm fracture area of Can Gio mangrove forest
Authors:   University of Science, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Thi Ngoc Ngan Nguyen , Le Quang Ha Tran ,   University of Science, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Ngoc Diem My Tran ,   University of Science, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Published: January 2024

Perisesarma eumolpe, the dominant species living in the damaged area caused by Durian storm in the Can Gio mangrove forest, had the role of changing the sedimentary structures for easier plant regeneration, contributing to the growth and development of the small soil organisms and playing role in the natural process of mangroves. This paper presented the ecological population structure, seasonal structural changes, growth and development of this species. The investigation based on the size distribution, density, biomass, sex ratio, and reproductive rate of the population and restoration of the forest ecosystem were evaluated. These recorded a P. eumolpe total population of 6169 individuals, including 3749 males (accounting for 60.77%) and 2420 females (accounting for 39.23%). The ratio of male to female individuals was 1: 0.65. August was the month when the most egg-bearing females was recorded. The first time-egg-bearing female had a carapace with the size of 9 mm. The moulting of crabs took place at every month of the year where the highest molting rate was from October to March, and the lowest was in April. The carapace size of individuals in the intact forest area was larger than those in the damaged one (D2F > D1F > D2Hcut > D1Hcut > D1Hnat). The crab density ranged from 268 individuals (in September) to 639 individuals (June) per month. The crab biomass ranged from 504.09 g per month to 1161.03 g per month. The highest biomass was recorded in June (1161.03 g/month), followed by in August (1139.56 g/month), and in May had a total biomass of 1074.4 g/month. The population growth and the development had the tendency of early maturation at smaller sizes and increased individual density in fractured habitats. This was the way that the species adapt to the conditions of a natural forest regeneration.
Montmorillonite/TiO2 nanotubes could enhance the photocatalytic activity of rhodamine B degradation in the UVC region
Authors:   Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam, Thi Băng Tâm Đào ,   Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Thi Thu Ha Loan ,   Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam; Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Trung Nguyen Do ,   Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam; Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Huu Nguyen Truong ,   Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam; Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Hon Le Nhien ,   Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam; Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Ha-Thuc Chi-Nhan ,   Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam; Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Published: January 2024

MMT/TiO2-NTs nanocomposite materials were prepared by a simple wet agitation method at room temperature from TiO2 nanotubes and montmorillonite (MMT). The synthesized MMT/TiO2-NTs samples were used as a catalyst for the photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) under a UVC light source (15 W, 254 nm). MMT was purified from bentonite clay (Lam Dong, Vietnam). MMT after purification possessed a characteristic lattice surface (001) at an angle of 2 = 6.1°. The adsorption capacity and the basal spacing of MMT were 70 mg/g and 14.48 Å, respectively. The TiO2 nanotubes (TiO2-NTs) were synthesized by the hydrothermal method. TiO2-NTs possessed a polycrystalline structure consisting of two phases, anatase and rutile. The average diameter and the length of the TiO2-NTs were 5 nm and 110 nm, respectively. The results on the composition, surface morphology, crystal structure, bonding vibration and photocatalytic efficiency characteristics showed that after modification into MMT, TiO2-NTs were immobilized and randomly distributed on the surface or incorporated in the clay sheets of MMT to form a pillared interlayer clay (PILC) structure. Because MMT possessed good adsorption properties, MMT would act as an adsorption center to capture RhB molecules in clay layers. MMT also prevented the recombination of TiO2 by trapping the photogenerated e into the vacant d orbitals of the metallic elements present in the MMT. Then, the •OH or •O2 radicals generated from the TiO2 photocatalytic reaction would easily react with the RhB molecules and decomposed them. The photocatalytic efficiency of 10 ppm RhB degradation of MMT/TiO2-NTs was 82% when excited by a UVC source for 210 min.
Six flavonoids from the ethyl acetate extract of the pericarp of Garcinia schomburgkiana
Authors:   Sai Gon University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Hữu Nguyễn Trí , Thị Ánh Nguyễn Tuyết ,   Department of Chemistry, Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Thi-My Do Lien ,   Department of Chemistry, Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Published: January 2024

Garcinia is a genus of Clusiaceae, distributed throughout tropical Asia, Africa, New Caledonia, Polynesia, and Brazil. In traditional medicine, the fruits of Garcinia have been utilized in infusions for treating wounds, ulcers, and dysentery. Extracts of the pericarp and seeds of Garcinia have demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, leishmanicidal, and antiprotozoal activities. Garcinia plants contained a broad range of biologically active metabolites which, in the last few decades, have received considerable attention due to the chemical compositions of their extracts, with compounds possessing beneficial effects in several diseases. These species provide a rich natural source of bioactive compounds with relevant therapeutic properties and anti-inflammatory effects, such as flavonoid, xanthone, biflavonoid, biphenyl derivaties, and benzophenone. This paper demonstrated the relevance of the genus as a rich source of compounds with valuable therapeutic properties, with potential use in the prevention and treatment of nontransmissible chronic diseases. Phytochemical investigation on the fraction EA4 from the ethyl acetate extract of the pericarp Garcinia schomburgkianna led to the isolation of six flavonoid compounds such as quercetin (1), kaempferol (2), luteolin (3), cirsiliol (4), quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside or isoquercetin (5) and quercetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (6). Their chemical structures were elucidated by 1D, 2D–NMR as well as compared with the literatures. Compounds (1), (3), (4), (5), (6). were isolated for the first time from the species Garcinia schomburgkiana collected at Quang Binh province, Vietnam.
Chemical constituents of the aerial parts Helicteres hirsuta Lour (Malvaceae)
Authors:   Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Thi Nguyen Thao Ly ,   Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Tu Tran Hoai ,   Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Tran Ngoc Mai ,   Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Pham Hoang Quan ,   Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Dang Phu Hoang ,   Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Thi Duong Thanh Truc ,   Faculty of Science and technology, Khanh Hoa University, Khanh Hoa province, Vietnam, Nguyen Nhan Trung ,   Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Published: January 2024

This paper reported the isolation of chemical constituents from the chloroform extract of aerial parts of Helicteres hirsuta Lour (Malvaceae) and isolated compounds were evaluated for their α-glucosidase inhibitory. This work aimed to discover effective α-glucosidase inhibitors for scientific evidence in using medicinal plants for diabetic treatment in Vietnamese traditional medicines as well as developing drugs for diabetic treatment. From the CHCl3-soluble fraction of the aerial parts of Helicteres hirsuta Lour, collected in An Giang province, four compounds, including (+)-pinoresinol (1), (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid ethyl ester (2), 7-O-methylisoscutellarein (3) and ethyl 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)lactate (4) were isolated. Their chemical structures were elucidated based on the NMR spectroscopic analysis and comparison with data in the literature. All four isolated compounds (1‒4) showed good α-glucosidase inhibitory assay activity with the IC50¬ of 37.9, 69.1, 12.5, 9.4 µM, respectively, better than that of the positive control acarbose (IC50¬ 168.0)
Analysis of the Effect of HDI and Road Length Infrastructure Development on Improving Economic Inequality in Eight Districts of the Region La Pago Tradition
Authors:   University of North Sumatra, Weya Ince , Sirojuzilam Sirojuzilam ,   University of North Sumatra, Syafi’i Muhammad ,   University of North Sumatra, Ruslan Dede ,   University of North Sumatra
Published: January 2024

The objective of this research is to examine the impact of human development index and road length infrastructure development on the reduction of economic inequality, as shown by general publication, throughout the period from 2013 to 2022. The inclusion of secondary data is essential in order to provide a comprehensive explanation or response to the research inquiry. The present work used a panel data model with a linear regression methodology, namely the ordinary least squares (OLS) method, for data analysis. The findings indicate that there is a substantial positive relationship between the Human Development Index (HDI) and the improvement of economic inequality. The regression coefficient for HDI is 0.003326, and it is statistically significant with a probability value of 0.0000, which is less than the conventional significance level of 0.05. The length of roads (X2) has a positive impact on the enhancement of economic inequality (Y), as shown by a regression coefficient of 0.00000143 or 1.43E-06. However, this relationship is not statistically significant, as the probability value (Prob.) of 0.2974 is greater than the conventional significance level of 0.05.
The Determinants of OECD/DAC Member Countries’ Aid in Support of Gender Equality and Women’s Empowerment: With a Focus on Commitments Dedicated as a Principal Objective
Authors:   Korea Association of International Development and Cooperation, Kim Jung-soo , Won Sook-Yeon
Published: January 2024

Purpose: This study aims to empirically analyze the determinants of OECD/DAC member countries’ aid in support of gender equality aid as a principle objective(gender marker 2).
Originality: International community has emphasized gender equality as a key principle and norm of development cooperation, and OECD/DAC has led international discussions and policy efforts on aid for gender equality. While discussions on gender and development has focused on normative and practical aspects, the motivation of donors’ commitments for gender equality has remained unanswered. To bridge this gap, this study empirically analyzes the determinants of OECD/DAC member countries’ aid in support of gender equality and draws upon policy implications.
Methodology: Considering that the aid amount is panel data left-censored at zero, the panel Tobit model is used for the analysis.
Result: It is found that the aid in support of gender equality increases as a recipient country’s gender needs increase; women’s representation in a donor country increases; a recipient country tends to have received more gender aids from OECD/DAC members; and the presence of women’s international NGOs increases in a donor country. Contrary to our hypothesis, however, the gender aid decreases as donor government increases social spending on family benefits.
Conclusion and Implication: A strong humanitarian motivation was found behind the donor countries' aid support for gender equality, and thus it is important to provide good information on recipient countries’ gender needs. Also, international community’s efforts to make the gender equality an international norm need to keep continued as they have been successful in increasing donors’ commitments for the gender equality. In particular, the role of women’s international NGOs has to be shed more light on. Also, donor countries’ social values affects their commitments towards the gender equality overseas. The tension between domestic social expenditure on family benefits and supports for gender equality overseas requires further research and discussion in the future.
ODA Management System of Korea’s Key Aid Recipient Countries: Case Studies of Lao PDR, Indonesia and Vietnam
Authors:   Korea Association of International Development and Cooperation, Shin Wonkyu , Han Seungheon , Song Jisun
Published: January 2024

Purpose: This paper analyzes the ODA management system, including the internal communication system, partnership structure, and policy decision-making and implementation process, of Lao PDR, Indonesia and Vietnam, which are Korea’s key partner countries in Asia. Based on the analysis, the paper aims to draw policy recommendations for donors to enhance aid effectiveness.
Originality: This study analyzes recipient countries’ ODA management system from aid effectiveness perspective, which is relatively understudied compared to donors’ aid management system. It specifies the scope of aid management system by developing a new analytical framework based on the four elements consisting of legalization and legislation, key implementing agencies, communciation and partnership, and monitoring and evaluation process.
Methodology: The study conducts literature review on the relationship between aid effectiveness and recipient countries’ governance. Based on the analytical framework, case studies on Korea’s three key aid recipient countries, i.e. Lao PDR, Indonesia, and Vietnam are conducted. The study utilizes official government documents and academic literature, and incorporates feedback from experts.
Result: Although the three countries had different aid management systems, following similarities were found: mid-long term national development strategies having close linkage to the aid management system; recipient countries strengthening governance and institutional basis for enhanced ownership and transparency; while the role and capacity of key implementing agencies leading to different types of aid inefficiency issues. This implies that ODA management system has direct impact on aid efficiency and effectiveness.
Conclusion and Implication: The study shows the importance of donors’ approach to recipient countries based on the latter’s context. Also, in-depth understanding of recipient countries’ aid management system can help donors better identify potential areas of cooperation and design new projects through ODA. The same applies to Korea, which is a key donor in all three country cases.
Integration of Artificial Intelligence based on Electronic Information Engineering
Authors: Shankar Sathish , Ramadass Rajendrakumar
Published: January 2024

Our analysis of the rapid development of core technologies in the new era of "Internet plus AI" is based on research into the applications of AI technology in the manufacturing sector in recent years. Next, we suggest novel approaches, methods, and configurations for intelligent manufacturing, as well as an architecture and technology system for intelligent manufacturing. In light of this, the purpose of this article is to examine artificial intelligence as it relates to Internet of Things technology in electronic information engineering. The goal is to increase people's material well-being and happiness by better optimizing artificial intelligence and IoT technology, mastering technical concepts, and applying them logically. To better simulate life and optimize information conditions, this paper analyses the experimental results through model construction. It also suggests ways to apply artificial intelligence and IoT technology to electronic information engineering. In conclusion, this research employs sixteen typical mechanics datasets to verify the correctness and generalizability of the method and concludes that it helps improve the usage of AI and IoT technologies.
Implementation of local superior plant of forest and land rehabilitation based on community perception in Girimulyo Village, East Lampung Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Rhezandhy Gunawan  , Indra Gumay Febryano  , Idi Bantara  , Slamet Budi Yuwono  , Christine Wulandari  , Hari Kaskoyo  , Samsul Bakri  , Rahmat Safe’i
Published: January 2024

Public perception is important in implementing Forest and Land Rehabilitation (FLR) in forest areas where tenure conflicts are thick. The research aims to analyze community perceptions of the implementation of FLR based on local superior plants in Girimulyo Village, Marga Sekampung District, East Lampung Regency. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire of 30 respondents determined by purposive sampling. The collected data was analyzed descriptively to analyze farmers' perceptions and their relationship to social, economic and ecological aspects. Public perception of FLR activities based on forestry plants (Trees) is included in the medium category. The public's perception of FLR based on the superior Siger avocado crop in terms of social, economic and ecological aspects is in the high category. The community realizes that FLR for local superior plants is more profitable than FLR based on forestry plants. It is necessary to increase human resources in the Mulyo Lestari Agro Forest Farmers Group in order to facilitate the administrative management process
THE IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION PROCESSES ON THE INFORMATION SECURITY OF UKRAINE DURING THE CONDITIONS OF WAR
Authors:   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Alekseeva Tetiana
Published: January 2024

Large-scale changes that took place during the 20th and early 21st centuries. in international relations were caused by a number of global problems, the solution of which should be directed to the activities of the state and international organizations. Global trends, which have become a planetary factor, have introduced such processes as information wars, information weapons, information terrorism, information crime, and information security into the system of social relations. In this regard, the issue of developing and implementing a qualitatively new system of international security is urgent, which is explained not only by its unconditional importance for the preservation of human civilization, but also by its importance for the stable functioning of the world community as a whole. More and more countries are paying attention to the problem of information security and are developing national strategies to counter these threats. With the establishment of a monopolar world system, the issue of growing threats to regional and global security from international terrorism and organized crime arose. For Ukraine, ensuring international security remains the main problem today. In the conditions of a full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine, the importance of the ability to navigate in the ever-growing flow of information, effectively working with it, increases. In the conditions of the war in Ukraine and the tense situation in other countries of the world, the increase in the number of global disinformation campaigns is recognized as negative; information policy of the Russian Federation; social networks as subjects of influence in the information space; cyber security (cyberespionage, cybercrime, cyberterrorism. To fight against manifestations of negative trends, developed countries of the world and Ukraine use artificial intelligence, which provides military and intelligence services with new operational solutions for forecasting and countering threats, as well as for conducting offensive operations in cyberspace. Information security is an important function of the state, which must protect the country from the negative impact of globalization processes on information security.
COST FORMATION OF BIODIVERSITY OFFSETS SCHEMES
Authors:   Institute for Demography and Life Quality Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kobzar Olena
Published: January 2024

The article considers the main components of the cost of compensation for losses of biodiversity the implementation of economic development projects, in particular, losses of biodiversity in protected areas. Biodiversity offsets are economic instruments used to allow for some continued economic development whilst simultaneously delivering biodiversity objectives, such as no net loss or net gain. Offset programs most commonly seek to deliver no net loss of biodiversity, though some have adopted a more ambitious goal of delivering a positive outcome, or net gain, for biodiversity. It is noted that biodiversity offsets are attracting increasing interest as governments and the private sector seek to address biodiversity loss that occurs through development projects and activities. The evidence available to date points to somewhat mixed results in terms of the environmental effectiveness of existing biodiversity offset schemes. This is due not to the instrument itself, however, but rather to how these schemes have been designed and implemented in practice. Compared to other instruments for biodiversity conservation and sustainable use, most biodiversity offset schemes are still fairly nascent in their application, and there is much to be learned from existing experience. It is noted that there are two compensation options: entering a management agreement to secure the work required – it is assumed that this will involve up front capital payments followed by annual management payments; purchase of land followed by costs of restoration/re-creation and management work – this incurs much higher up-front costs, but ongoing costs should be lower as there is no payment for profit foregone. It is concluded that the main costs of biodiversity offsets include: habitat creation and restoration costs; annual payments for appropriately managed in perpetuity biodiversity; land purchase costs; compensation landowners for income foregone; transaction costs. Also identified that very strict likefor-like requirements for threatened species or rare habitats may result in high prices. Significant impact of like-for-like requirements on offset prices can be avoided by taking a ‘graduated approach’, in which there is a looser like-for-like requirement for species and habitats of lower conservation priority and a stricter one for species and habitats of higher conservation priority.
ЗМІНА РЕЛІГІЙНОЇ СТРУКТУРИ НАСЕЛЕННЯ НА ТЕРИТОРІЇ СУЧАСНОГО ЗАКАРПАТТЯ В 1851–1941 РОКАХ: ОСНОВНІ ПРИЧИНИ Й ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ
Authors: Фодор Дюло Дюлович , Бергхауер Олександр Олександрович , Товт Атілла Атіллович
Published: January 2024

У цьому дослідженні ми спробували визначити релігійну структуру населення, яке проживало на території сучасного Закарпаття у період 1851–1941 років, на основі даних з кількох джерел: книга Елека Фенєша «Географічний словник Угорщини», виданої в 1851 році, статистичної брошури під назвою «Дані про релігії за переписом 1869 року», рецензованої і відредагованої Ласло Себоком у 2005 році, а також дані наступних переписів населення Угорщини, виданих Центральним статистичним управлінням Угорщини у 2000 році за редакцією Юзефа Кепеча. За результатами нашого дослідження можемо констатувати, що протягом останніх 170 років домінуючою релігійною громадою регіону були греко-католики, які переважно проживали на гірських територіях Закарпаття. Щоправда, протягом досліджуваного періоду їхня частка постійно зменшувалася, значною мірою через так званий Розкольницький селянський рух, який означав повернення місцевого русинсько-українського населення від греко-католицизму до своєї споконвічної релігії – православ’я. Окрім русинів-українців, незначна частина угорців і румунів Закарпаття також ідентифікували і продовжують ідентифікувати себе як греко-католики. Важливу роль у релігійному складі відігравали також представники кальвінізму (так званої «угорської релігії», оскільки переважна більшість її вірян є етнічними угорцями), римо-католицизму, іудаїзму та православ’я.
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Profil Pura Berbasis Website (Studi Kasus: Pura Penataran Agung Rinjani)
Authors: Bayu Suputra I Made Ramanda , Adi Wardana I Putu Mahendra , Asmarajaya I Kadek Andy
Published: January 2024

Sistem Informasi Profil Pura Berbasis Web merupakan platform yang dirancang untuk memudahkan pengguna memperoleh pengetahuan dan pemahaman yang komprehensif tentang pura, yang merupakan tempat ibadah dan budaya penting dalam tradisi Hindu di Bali. Metode yang digunakan adalah prototype dengan metode pengumpulan data berupa studi pustaka dan studi lapangan. Tujuan utama dari sistem informasi ini adalah untuk memberikan pengguna informasi yang mudah diakses dan lengkap tentang pura kepada masyarakat. Dengan rancangan ini, pengguna dapat mengakses sejarah, gambaran umum, perangkat, berita, agenda, galeri, denah, lokasi dan informasi kontak. Diharapkan dengan adanya sistem informasi profil pura berbasis website ini, masyarakat dapat lebih mudah mengakses informasi yang diperlukan tentang pura, sehingga akan lebih meningkatkan pemahaman dan apresiasi terhadap warisan budaya Hindu di Indonesia.
МОВЛЕННЄВИЙ ЖАНР ЯК ОСОБЛИВА СКЛАДОВА КОМУНІКАТИВНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНЦІЇ
Authors: Скрипник Надія , Когутюк Оксана , Турлюк Світлана
Published: January 2024

Культура українського мовлення – багатоаспектна проблема. У дослідженні здійснено аналіз сучасних підходів щодо вивчення дефініції «мовленнєвий жанр», з’ясовано шляхи удосконалення мовленнєвої діяльності. Яскравою ілюстрацією є сьогодення, коли за умов російської агресії комунікативна компетентність повинна охопити реалії радикальних змін не лише в політичній, економічній картині світу, а й у мовній картині світу. Становлення особистості відбувається завдяки мові і мовним засобам, зокрема її лексико-понятійному арсеналу, якості усного спілкування. Мова є критерієм освіченості та індивідуальності людини. Мова активно впливає на пізнавальну діяльність особистості, на результативність мовленнєвого акту. А мовлення – особлива форма діяльності особистості. Саме знання мови сприяє формуванню національної специфіки мислення та мовлення. Прагматичний підхід у сучасній лінгводидактиці об’єднує поняття «мова» і «мовлення» єдиною системою мовленнєвої діяльності. Професійна мовнокомунікативна компетенція здобувачів вищої освіти є показником сформованості системи якісних знань, комунікативно-мовленнєвих умінь і навичок, ціннісних орієнтацій, загальної гуманітарної культури мовлення, необхідних для ефективної кваліфікованої діяльності.