bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Environmental Failure Mode and Effect Analysis and Its Application in a Seafood Company
Authors: Wiśniewska Małgorzata Z. , Grybek Tomasz , Szymańska-Brałkowska Małgorzata
Published: April 2023

Objective: To present an EFMEA analysis using the example of a seafood organisation, including risk identification, in the context of a potential negative impact on the environment.Research Design & Methods: Methods used include a case study with analysis of secondary data (documents), semi-structured interviews with a representative of the organisation, synthesis and logical reasoning.Findings: EFMEA is a very complex analysis and is extended with additional considerations that are important for the organisation. Process EFMEA and its implementation was facilitated by experience gained from the earlier implementation of the HACCP method and ISO 14001 system. The requirements of customers for conducting analysis in this area played a role.Implications / Recommendations: The greatest environmental risk is associated with servicing refrigeration/cooling equipment, handling operations, maintaining social infrastructure and cargo storage. An obstacle to conducting the analysis was the lack of access to all comparative data. The leading benefit of the study was that it makes it possible to manage environmental consideration and then monitoring them effectively.Contribution: The article is the first in Poland to look at the practical implementation of EFMEA. Thus, the spectrum of scientific knowledge has been expanded on the possible applications of this method in a food company and, more generally, how to control and minimise negative environmental impacts in the seafood industry.
Exploring the Contents and Operation Plans of the Curriculum for Effective Career-Linked Education of Students Subject to Special Education
Authors: Yu Hyeon Uk , Kwon Min Hyo , Kim Myung Gon , Kang Eun Young ,   The Korean Society of Special Education
Published: April 2023

This study’s objective is to explore the content elements and operation plans of the curriculum for effective career-linked education of students that are subject to special education. In the 2022 revised curriculum general review, it was announced that career-linked education could be operated to strengthen both school-level linkage and career education. Career education is crucial for to individuals, but students that are subject to special education may have difficulties depending on their characteristics and circumstances. Therefore, 15 special teachers (from elementary, middle, and high schools) conducted a focus group interview to explore the direction of career-linked education for re-link students. As a result of analyzing the contents of effective career-linked education, three major themes, seven minor themes, and 18 semantic units were derived including elementary, middle, and high schools. In addition as a result of analyzing effective curriculum management methods for career-linked education 10 major themes, 22 minor themes, and 60 semantic units were derived in all elementary, middle, and high schools.
The Effects of Social Stories Using Video Self-Modeling on Social Communicative Skill of A High School Student with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Kim Eunhyung , Paik Eunhee ,   The Korean Society of Special Education
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of social stories using video self-modeling on social communicative skill of a high school student with autism spectrum disorder. One high school student with autism spectrum disorder, age 19, participated in the study. Multiple baseline design across settings(Gym, Workroom, Classroom) was used for this study. The results of this study were as follows; Social stories using video self-modeling improved the social communicative skill of the participant. The subject of this study showed a very low level of social communicative skill during the baseline period. but the social communicative skill improved rapidly during the intervention period in all three settings and maintained in two weeks follow up. The results of this study showed that social stories using video self-modeling was an effective intervention enhancing social communicative skill for a high school student with autism spectrum disorder.
BAROS PROTOCOL IN A UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL: WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE IN THE POSTOPERATIVE RESULTS OF BARIATRIC SURGERY?
Authors: Evangelista Neto João , Costa José Henrique Cardoso Ferreira da , Silva Johnnes Henrique Vieira , Carrijo Filho Murilo Pimentel Leite , Silva Pedro Castor Batista Timóteo da , Vasconcelos Daniel Felipe Morais , Albuquerque e Pedro Cavalcanti de
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Although bariatric surgery is highly effective for the treatment of obesity and its comorbidities, preoperative weight loss has an impact on its results. AIMS: The aim of this study was to correlate preoperative weight loss with the outcome of bariatric surgery using the Bariatric Analysis and Reporting Outcome System scores. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional, observational study with 43 patients undergoing bariatric surgery that compared a group of 25 patients with a percentage of preoperative excess weight loss ³8% with a group of 18 patients with a percentage of preoperative excess weight loss <8% or with weight gain. The research took place at the bariatric surgery outpatient clinic of the Oswaldo Cruz University Hospital with patients 1 year after the surgery. RESULTS: Patients had a mean age of 40.8 years (42.7 percentage of preoperative excess weight loss ≥8% vs. 38.2 percentage of preoperative excess weight loss <8%, p=0.095). No significant difference was found between the two groups regarding preoperative comorbidities and body mass index at entry into the program. Higher preoperative body mass index (48.69 vs. 44.0; p=0.029) was observed in the group with percentage of preoperative excess weight loss <8%. No significant difference was found regarding the percentage of excess weight loss (71.4±15.4%; percentage of preoperative excess weight loss ≥8% vs. 69.47%±14.5 percentage of preoperative excess weight loss <8%; p=0.671), the result of the surgery according to the Bariatric Analysis and Reporting Outcome System scores protocol, the resolution of comorbidities, the quality of life, and the surgical complications between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the available data, it is reasonable that bariatric surgery should not be denied to people who have not achieved pre-established weight loss before surgery.
Reconocimiento de diplomas Mercosur en la Universidad Federal de Uberlândia
Authors: Amadeu Borges Diniz Tiago , Cardoso Squeff Tatiana de A. F. R.
Published: April 2023

El Mercado Común del Sur (MERCOSUR), nació a partir del Tratado de Asunción, intrínsecamente ligado a las preocupaciones relacionadas con el desarrollo económico de la región. Fue en el curso de la implementación de las políticas económicas que el MERCOSUR percibió la necesidad de implementar nuevas preocupaciones, de las cuales destacamos aquí la educación. Más concretamente, podemos trabajar con la revalidación y reconocimiento de títulos como factor fundamental para el cumplimiento de los objetivos marcados por el propio bloque desde su creación. Es a partir de la revalidación y reconocimiento que se pueden pensar espacios más integrados por el tránsito de personas, esencialmente trabajadores y estudiantes. Este trabajo busca analizar la etapa en la que se encuentra este eje temático y cómo la Universidad Federal de Uberlândia (UFU) absorbe la normativa existente. Para ello, buscamos analizar la documentación producida por la universidad, así como los datos proporcionados por la Plataforma Carolina Bori, que concentra los procedimientos de revalidación y reconocimiento de numerosas instituciones educativas en Brasil. Se señala que el tema aún está poco trabajado y depende de la conformación de comisiones intermitentes, formadas específicamente para cada proceso iniciado y disueltas al finalizar.
Además, en este texto se investigarán, principalmente, los agentes y mecanismos existentes en la UFU que pueden contribuir a la expansión del reconocimiento de títulos. Así, se destaca el trabajo realizado por el Programa de Formación para la Internacionalización (ProInt) y los vacíos existentes para la realización de acciones en torno al tema en debate. Al final, se puede apreciar que el programa demuestra coherencia con las necesidades que plantea la integración regional, pero tiene espacios para ampliar actividades,especialmente para superar barreras burocráticas y desconocimiento sobre revalidación y reconocimiento. Además, se resalta que la participación de las universidades, particularmente en el tema de aceptación de títulos obtenidos en el extranjero, es de fundamental importancia para el logro de la integración regional.
SÜRÜ OTONOM İHA SİSTEMLERİNİN MUHAREBE SAHASINDA UYGULAMA TAKTİKLERİ VE GELİŞTİRİLEN YENİ TEKNOLOJİLER
Authors: KALİNBACAK İmren
Published: April 2023

Dünyada, sürü halinde otonom bir şekilde görev yapacak olan İnsansız Hava Aracı (İHA) ile ilgili birçok proje yürütülmekte ve geleceğin harekât ortamında da kullanılacağı öngörülmektedir. Özellikle yapay zekâ, otonomi, nesnelerin interneti, bulut veri ve 5G gibi teknolojilerin yaygınlaşması ile sürü halinde otonom harekât icra edebilen İHA’lar geliştirilmeye başlanmıştır. Bu gelişmelere paralel olarak değişen harekât ortamında, Sürü Otonom İHA’lara sahip olan ordular icra edilecek harekâtlarda karar icra döngüsünü kısaltarak stratejik, operatif ve taktik seviyede çok büyük avantaj sağlayacaklardır. Bu makalenin amacı; Sürü Otonom İHA’ların kullanımının muharebe ortamında oluşturacağı etkilerin değerlendirilerek gelecek dönemde icra edilecek harekâtlarda daha etkin olarak kullanılmasını sağlamaktır. Makalede, Sürü Otonom İHA’lar ile ilgili yürütülen projeler ve Sürü Otonom İHA’ların muharebe ortamında kullanım taktikleri incelenmiş, bir senaryo oluşturularak gelecek dönemde icra edilecek harekâtlarda etkin olarak kullanımı değerlendirilmiştir.
Asesinos en serie, múltiples en un solo acto y terroristas: algunos datos y reflexiones comparativas
Authors: Pérez-Martínez Armenio , Rodríguez-Fernández Aimara
Published: April 2023

El estudio de los delitos contra la vida humana va ganando espacio dentro de las ciencias del comportamiento y despierta interés de decisores gubernamentales, organismos multilaterales y la sociedad. Los distintos tipos y características de estos crímenes son investigados desde cuatro enfoques: biológico, psicológico, sociológico y ecológico. El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar las características diferenciadoras entre los perfiles criminológicos de los asesinos. Para ello, se emplea una metodología cualitativa, descriptiva y aplicada, a través de la revisión de la literatura y el análisis de estudios de casos. Se encuentra que, más allá de edad, sexo y raza, es difícil establecer resultados conclusivos en los estudios criminológicos. El principal criterio diferenciador del asesino en serie es el tiempo de enfriamiento emocional. Además, existe mucha semejanza entre los asesinos múltiple en un solo acto y los terroristas; la principal diferencia radica en las motivaciones ideológicas y políticas.
 
Abstract
The study of crimes against human life is gaining space within the behavioral sciences and awakens the interest of government decision-makers, multilateral organizations and society. The different types and characteristics of these crimes are being investigated from biological, psychological, sociological and ecological approaches. The aim of this research is to determine the differentiating characteristics between the criminological profiles of the murderers. A qualitative, descriptive and applied methodology is used, through the review of literature and case studies. It is found that, beyond age, sex, and race, it is difficult to establish conclusive results in criminological studies. The main differentiating criterion of the serial killer is the emotional cooling time. Also, there is an outstanding  similarity between mass murderers and terrorists; the main difference lies in ideological and political motivations.
Victimización diferencial y encuadres en la información periodística sobre violencia policial en la prensa argentina
Authors: Cirulli Ailén , Sánchez Rosario
Published: April 2023

La violencia policial es una problemática escasamente abordada por los medios de comunicación de referencia argentinos y, asimismo, por los estudios en comunicación en el país. El presente artículo tiene por objetivo analizar los modos en que un sector de la prensa hegemónica argentina produce noticias acerca del tema, poniendo especial énfasis en los sentidos construidos sobre el par víctima-victimario. Desde un enfoque cualitativo, sustentado en el análisis de contenido, indagamos en un conjunto de noticias sobre intervenciones policiales violentas en el período 2020-2021. Hallamos dos tipos de encuadres presentes en la información, que denominamos de la “inseguridad” y de las “víctimas en foco”. Ambos marcos nos permiten observar cómo opera discursivamente una lógica de victimización diferencial o selectividad de las víctimas, producto de modos particulares de construcción e interpretación de los hechos en la prensa, y rastrear posibles efectos de sentido de legitimación o deslegitimación discursiva del accionar violento de la Policía.
Abstract
Police violence is a problem scarcely addressed by the Argentine reference media and, frequently, by communication studies in the country. This article aims to analyze the ways in which a sector of the Argentine hegemonic press produces news about the subject, placing special emphasis on the meanings built on the victim-victimizer pair. From a qualitative approach based on content analysis, e a group of news regarding violent police interventions between 2020 and 2021 is analyzed. Two types of frames present in the information are found:  "insecurity" and "victims in focus". Both frameworks allow observing how a logic of differential victimization or selectivity of the victims operates discursively, because of particular modes of construction and interpretation of the facts in the media, as well as trace possible effects of the sense of legitimation or discursive delegitimization of the violent actions of the Police.
The Effect of Repeated Reading Strategy on Comprehension Among Grade Four School Students
Authors: ALGHAFRİ Ali , AL HOSNİ Ruqaya
Published: April 2023

This study essentially investigates the impact of RR on the reading comprehension of grade four students in the North Batinah governorate: namely in Al Khabourah. This was an 8-week study that investigated the impact of repeated reading on the reading comprehension of grade four students in a school at Al Khabourah in Al Batina North Governorate in the Sultanate of Oman. The study sample consisted of 61 grade four students, and they were divided into control and experimental groups as it was a quasi-experimental design study. The sample was divided into a control group of 30 students, who were taught normally, while the experimental group included 31 students, and they studied using the repeated reading strategy. The research instruments included pre and post-tests. All instruments were validated by a group of experts. The inter-consistency was calculated by using alpha Cronbach and the reliability factor reached r=0.74. The research findings revealed statistically significant differences in reading comprehension in favour of the experimental group. At the same time, the results also revealed no statistically significance differences between male and female students within the experimental group. In light of these results, the study makes suggestions and offers recommendations.
Meanings of The Value Concept of Formation Teacher Candidates
Authors: YILMAZ Nusrettin , KUTLU ABU Neşe
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study is to investigate the meanings assigned to the concept of value by students in higher education who are receiving pedagogical formation from various faculties. The qualitative research method was employed, an open-ended questionnaire was referred to and metaphors were utilized to collect data. The study group consists of 126 students who graduated from various faculties during the academic year of 2020-2021. Codings were resorted to with a view to conducting data analysis in the MAXQDA program. It has been determined that the majority of pre-service teachers view "value" as consisting of material and spiritual elements, behavior and rules, rare and sacred objects, and unifying and organizing societal standards. 75% of teacher candidates consider family, religious, and cultural values as their primary guiding principles. Respect, love, justice, tolerance, and professional dedication were described by the majority of pre-service teachers as the core values of the teaching profession. The students created value-related metaphors, revolving primarily around concrete items from nature. Most students identify respect, love, justice, tolerance, and professional commitment as the fundamental values of the teaching profession. The conclusion of the study was that family, religious, and cultural values influence students' value perceptions. The research findings were discussed considering the pertinent literature, and a number of recommendations were made.
Computer-Assisted Pronunciation Teaching: An Analysis of Empirical Research
Authors: CENGİZ Behice Ceyda
Published: April 2023

Computer-assisted pronunciation teaching has been shown to have favourable learning outcomes for language learners, which brought about the emergence of increasing body of research on this topic. Despite some attempted review studies, no systematic review of the line of the relevant literature has hitherto been observed. This study seeks to fill in this gap by reviewing the research on computer-assisted pronunciation teaching in L2 classes published between 2010 and 2021 May. 26 studies were scrutinized in terms of their contexts and participants, technology used, pronunciation aspect analysed, research design and focus, data collection tools and theoretical framework. The results showed that most of the studies were conducted with EFL/ESL learners at university level. Computer-assisted pronunciation training (CAPT) and Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) programs were utilized more than other technological tools. Quantitative design was the dominant research method, which was followed by mixed method design while few studies were grounded in a theoretical framework. Segmental features of pronunciation received more attention. Pronunciation achievement, learner perceptions, relationship between some variables related to pronunciation learning and student interaction/ participation were the main topics of investigation. The findings suggested that teachers had a key role in promoting the effectiveness of computer-assisted pronunciation teaching by scaffolding, motivating, and guiding the learners as they use CAPT or technological tools. To this end teacher training that supports teachers in developing these competencies can be beneficial. Further research can focus on languages other than English, be conducted in primary and secondary school level and have longitudinal designs.
Mapping Tendencies in Curriculum Research on Physical Education and Sports: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: ŞAHİN Aykut , KARAKAYA Yunus Emre , DİKMEN Melih
Published: April 2023

This study aims to investigate previous curriculum research on physical education and sports using the bibliometric mapping method. A systematic map was created for the research tendencies in physical education and sports curricula studies conducted between 1975 and 2021. Accordingly, the intention is to fill a gap in the literature by conducting a general situation analysis about the present status of curriculum studies in physical education and sports based on the publication and citation data obtained from the Web of Science (WoS) database. The software VOSviewer was utilised for the bibliometric analysis. After scanning the studies in the database, 454 studies were accessed at the initial stage. A total of 114 studies were covered in the analysis by following certain exclusion criteria. The findings suggested that curriculum studies in physical education and sports were conducted in association with numerous multidisciplinary research areas. Furthermore, in recent years, a linear increase in curriculum studies has occurred on this subject matter. It was also found that scientists from universities in the United States of America were at the centre of the studies. Another striking result was the limited number of journals specialising in sports and education. The results of the bibliometric maps also demonstrated that the researchers in this field investigated a variety of subjects that can be grouped under four main disciplines: ‘health and physical education,’ ‘curriculum reform,’ ‘contents,’ and ‘pre-service teachers.’ Addedl the results revealed that studies on physical education and sports curricula were conducted with a focus on current developments.
Requests for public information in the state Administration in situations of military operations
Authors: Semenets-Orlova Inna , Rodchenko Larisa , Chernenko Inna , Druz Oleg , Rudenko Mykola , Poliuliakh Ruslan
Published: April 2023

The aim of the study is to analyse the advocate’s letter of enquiry as a means of obtaining information by advocates to carry out their professional activity in the conditions of military operations. Attention is drawn to a number of issues that complicate the process of submitting advocate’s letter of enquiry and the proper use of this mechanism and procedure by an advocate, namely, during the deployment of military operations. Ratification of the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement opens up new prospects not only for Ukrainian and European producers, but also provides for interesting objectives for advocates to consult the private sector in the process of building new markets. In this article, we propose to make a comparison and consider the issue of access to the advocate’s letter of enquiry of Ukrainian and Polish specialists during the protracted hostilities. As a result of the research, problems were identified and proposals were made for a simplified procedure for submitting an advocate’s letter of enquiry as a means of legal communication in the field of advocacy as a necessary condition for the period of military operations.

El objetivo del estudio es analizar la carta consulta del abogado como medio de obtención de información por parte de los abogados para el ejercicio de su actividad profesional en condiciones de operaciones militares. Se llama la atención sobre una serie de cuestiones que complican el proceso de presentación de la carta de consulta del abogado y el uso adecuado de este mecanismo y procedimiento por parte de un abogado, a saber, durante el despliegue de operaciones militares. La ratificación del Acuerdo de Asociación UE-Ucrania abre nuevas perspectivas no solo para los productores ucranianos y europeos, sino que también proporciona objetivos interesantes para que los defensores consulten al sector privado en el proceso de construcción de nuevos mercados. En este artículo, proponemos hacer una comparación y considerar el tema del acceso a la carta de consulta del abogado de especialistas ucranianos y polacos durante las hostilidades prolongadas. Como resultado de la investigación, se identificaron problemas y se propusieron un procedimiento simplificado para la presentación de la carta de consulta del abogado como medio de comunicación legal en el c
Tile/SED/Array Interface (TSAI) for Multiplexed Ion Beam Imaging (MIBI) run setup v1
Authors: Camacho Christine
Published: April 2023

The Multiplexed Ion Beam Imager (MIBI) is a next-generation mass spectrometry-based microscope which generates 40+ plex images of protein expression in histologic tissues, enabling detailed dissection of cellular phenotypes and histoarchitectural organization. A key bottleneck in its operation occurs when users select the physical locations on the tissue for imaging. As the scale and complexity of MIBI experiments have increased, the manufacturer-provided interface and third party tools have become increasingly unwieldy for imaging large tissue microarrays and tiled tissue areas. Thus, we have developed a web-based graphical interface layer for users to set imaging locations using intuitive mouse gestures such as drag-and-drop, click-and-drag, and polygon draw. Written according to web standards already built into modern web browsers, it requires no installation of external programs, extensions, or patches. Of interest to the hundreds of current MIBI users, our interface simplifies setup of complex experiments and has drastically reduced our setup time.
Research on Fault Diagnosis of Highway Bi-LSTM Based on Attention Mechanism
Authors: Li Xueyi , Su Kaiyu , He Qiushi , Wang Xiangkai , Xie Zhijie
Published: April 2023

Deep groove ball bearings are widely used in rotary machinery. Accurate
for bearing faults diagnosis is essential for equipment maintenance. For
common depth learning methods, the feature extraction of inverse time
domain signal direction and the attention to key features are usually
ignored. Based on the long short term memory(LSTM) network, this
study proposes an attention-based highway bidirectional long short term
memory (AHBi-LSTM) network for fault diagnosis based on the raw
vibration signal. By increasing the Attention mechanism and Highway,
the ability of the network to extract features is increased. The
bidirectional LSTM network simultaneously extracts the raw vibration
signal in positive and inverse time-domains to better extract the fault
features. Six deep groove ball bearings with different health conditions
were used to validate the AHBi-LSTM method in an experiment. The
results showed that the accuracy of the proposed method for bearing fault
diagnosis was over 98%, which was 8.66% higher than that of the LSTM
model. The AHBi-LSTM model is also better than other relevant models
for bearing fault diagnosis.
A Refugee Discourse in Malaysia: Issues and Concerns From Human Security Perspective
Authors: Mat Bakri , Mohamed Pero Siti Darwinda , Ku Amir Ku Nurasyiqin
Published: April 2023

The influx of illegal immigrants (PATI) [or refugees] is one of the non-traditional security issues that has long plagued the Southeast Asian region. Malaysia is no exception. Despite not being a member of any international refugee-related conventions, including the 1951 Refugee Convention and the 1967 Protocol, Malaysia has 185,920 registered refugees and asylum seekers until August 2022 (UNHCR 2022). The government has made it an unwritten policy for refugees to be treated on a humanitarian basis. Therefore, this study is designed to explore the issues and concerns of Rohingya refugees in Malaysia from a human security perspective. This research was conducted using qualitative methodology by utilising primary sources from in-depth interviews, direct observation through participation in seminars, and field studies in selected areas in Northern Peninsular Malaysia, particularly in Kedah. The study findings concluded that there are five areas of concern that often-become obstacles to the livelihood of refugees in Malaysia, namely the right to work, education, documentation, security (due to xenophobic sentiments), and healthcare. These areas are fundamental to refugee livelihood; therefore, this research found that it is very timely for the government to formulate a more transparent and proactive policy to deal with this issue effectively.
Diagnosis, surgical and conservative treatment of unstable sacral fractures (literature review)
Authors: Khadzhiev Z.  B. , Grin A. A.
Published: April 2023

Background. In the structure of severe combined trauma, injuries to the pelvic bones, especially the sacrum, are relatively rare but increase steadily with the scientific and technological progress and the urbanization. Despite the widespread use of modern diagnostic methods, such as computer and magnetic resonance imaging, and the ubiquity of X‑ray diagnostics, sacral fractures are diagnosed not in all patients or not in full. In 50 % of patients, sacral fractures are not diagnosed during the initial examination, including anteroposterior X‑ray examination. In addition, in 30 % of the patients, sacral fractures are recognized on a pelvic X‑ray film incorrectly, and the long‑term outcomes of their treatment are unsatisfactory from 30 to 60 % of the cases.

Aim. To analyze scientific published sources on the issues of diagnosis, clinical picture, and treatment of patients with severe combined trauma and unstable sacral fractures.

Materials and methods. The data of 232 domestic and foreign publications from 1971 to 2020. We present the epidemiology of combined trauma and unstable sacral fractures, consider various classifications, and describe the clinical course and tactics in conservative and surgical treatment of vertically unstable fractures in the posterior pelvic ring.

Results. Many foreign publications describe both diagnostics and various methods of treatment for unstable pelvic ring injuries. The publications cover various aspects of diagnosis, clinical course, management tactics, extent and timing of surgery, and conservative treatment for sacral fractures. However, only a few publications in Russian discuss features of diagnostic search, the timing and extent of surgery, as well as the choice of the final tactics to treat patients with sacral fractures.

Conclusions. It is necessary to study the problem of diagnosis and treatment of severe combined trauma and vertically unstable fractures of the posterior pelvic ring to develop optimal diagnostic algorithms and final treatment tactics aimed at reduction of the frequency of errors, complications, and deaths, and at improvement in the quality of life of such patients.
Cerebral autoregulation and blood flow distribution in the precerebral arteries for determining indications of extra-intracranial bypass in patients with carotid artery occlusion
Authors: Semenyutin V. B. , Nikiforova A. A. , Vesnina A. A. , Samochernykh K. A.
Published: April 2023

Background. Prevention of ischemic stroke in patients with carotid artery occlusion is conventionally associated with performing cerebral revascularization. However, determining the indications for it is still an actual problem. The informative value of noninvasive assessment of cerebral autoregulation and blood flow distribution in the precerebral arteries in patients with carotid artery stenosis is shown. At the same time, in patients with carotid artery occlusion, these indicators have been studied to a lesser extent.

Aim. To evaluate the informative value of cerebral autoregulation and blood flow distribution in the precerebral arte ries for determination the indications of extra‑intracranial bypass in patients with carotid occlusion.

Materials and methods. 54 patients (aged from 41 to 83 y. o.) with carotid artery occlusion were studied. Blood flow velocity in intracranial arteries was determined with transcranial Doppler (system Multi‑Dop X), whereas flow velocity index in precerebral arteries – with duplex scanning (system Vivid Е). Cerebral autoregulation was assessed based on phase shift between spontaneous oscillations of blood flow velocity in basal cerebral arteries and systemic blood pressure within the range of Mayer’s waves (80–120 mHz).

Results. The state of cerebral autoregulation was imparied on both sides in 90 % patients with the symptomatic carotid occlusion (0.3 ± 0.3 rad ipsilateral, 0.7 ± 0.6 rad contralateral). The state of cerebral autoregulation was not impaired in 79 % patients with asymptomatic carotid occlusion (1.0 ± 0.3 rad ipsilateral, 1.1 ± 0.4 rad contralateral). The flow velocity index in the contralateral internal carotid artery (306 ± 109 ml / min) and the ipsilateral vertebral (139 ± 69 ml / min) and external carotid (175 ± 72 ml / min) arteries was increased.

Conclusions. Noninvasive preoperative assessment of cerebral autoregulation and blood flow distribution in the precerebral arteries makes to evaluate the state of the cerebrovascular reserve to quantify and can be used to determining indications for cerebral revascularization in patients with carotid occlusion.
Endoscopic endonasal approach for craniopharyngiomas in children
Authors: Gormolysova E. V. , Lepilin V. A. , Pashaev B. Yu. , Kalinovsky A. V.
Published: April 2023

Background. The incidence of craniopharyngiomas is up to 15 % of intracranial tumors in children. The endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) is widely spread nowadays and especially for the craniopharyngiomas removal in adults. Nevertheless, this approach is still not so common in pediatric patients. The endoscopic technique significantly improves the visualization of the structures located around the tumor.

Aim. To determine the possibilities and limitations for the use of EEA in the treatment of pediatric patients with cranio pharyngiomas.

Materials and methods. A total five pediatric patients with craniopharyngiomas were operated via EEA Federal Center of Neurosurgery of Ministry of Health of Russia (Novosibirsk): the age of patients ranged from 4 to 17 years, including 3 boys and 2 girls. All patients at the preoperative stage already had endocrine disorders in one volume or another. Postoperative evaluation of the visual functions showed the improvement in one patient, three patients remained unchanged and one patient developed worthening. In addition, the volume of the sphenoid sinus was studied, the degree of pneumatization of which determines the anatomical accessibility of the tumor.

Results. Our experience of the EEA for the craniopharyngiomas in pediatric patients has shown a positive result regarding to the tumor’s gross‑total removal and no data of the tumor recurrence at the follow‑up. According to our results it can be judged that endonasal endoscopic approach for the craniopharyngiomas in pediatric patients could be a method of choice based on the anatomical accessibility of the tumor and its relationships with the critical neurovascular structures.

Conclusions. Endoscopic endonasal removal of craniopharyngiomas in pediatric patients can be successfully used when the tumor is anatomically accessible. The experience of using EED in surgery for craniopharyngiomas in children has shown positive results, including a high radical removal of the tumor and the absence of relapses during further follow‑up of patients.
Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring in surgery of lumbar spinal stenosis
Authors: Krasilnikov A. V. , Trifonov A. V. , Safronov A. V.
Published: April 2023

Background. Lumbar spinal stenosis is a pathological constriction of the central spinal canal, lateral pocket or intervertebral foramen. The complication rate of lumbar spinal stenosis surgery ranges from 10 to 24 %. In order to reduce the number of intraoperative and early postoperative complications accompanied by the development of neurological deficit, various techniques of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring are used.

Aim. Study of informativity of the use of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring during surgical treatment of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis based on the experience of the neurosurgical department of the Republican Clinical Hospital (Yoshkar‑Ola, Mari El Republic).

Materials and methods. Thus, 69 decompressive‑stabilizing surgical interventions for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis at the L3–L5 level, performed with intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (free‑run electromyography, transcranial motor evoked potentials, somatosensory evoked potentials, triggered electromyography were included in the retrospective study).

Results. During intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring transcranial motor evoked potentials from the legs was registered in all cases. Normal somatosensory evoked potentials were recorded in most cases, in 12 cases (17.4 %) baseline somatosensory evoked potentials were not registered due to preoperative neurological deficits and the presence of concomitant somatic pathology. 308 inserted pedicular screws were examined using the triggered electromyography. Muscle responses were registered in 31 (45 %) operations, 45 (14 %) screws. True negatives were registered with 29 (64.4 %), true positives were registered with 12 (26.7 %), and false positives were registered with 4 (8.9 %) screws. In the postoperative period no increase in motor and sensory neurological deficits was observed in all patients; no neurological signs of screw malpositioning were revealed.

Conclusion. The use of multimodal intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring during surgical treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis reduces the risk of postoperative neurological complications.
Transposition of functioning muscles in complex treatment of adult patients with injuries of the bracheric plexus (literature review)
Authors: Nevedrov A. V. , Kelban D. I. , Aleynikova I. B. , Ivanov P.  A. , Grin A. A. , Svetlov K.  V.
Published: April 2023

Introduction. Injuries to the brachial plexus are one of the most severe types of injuries to the nerves of the upper limb, and variants with the separation of the roots from the spinal cord represent a very difficult category of injuries to treat. Among patients who have received such injuries, there is a very high incidence of disability, since it is possible to achieve only partial restoration of the function of the upper limb. Recently, the method of transposition of functioning muscles has been growing in popularity due to its reliability and relatively short recovery time of function.

The purpose of the work is to analyze the literature data on the possibility of using the method of transposition of functioning muscles in the complex treatment of victims with brachial plexus injuries.

The authors have searched PubMed and RSCI databases over the past 25 years for keywords: peripheral nerve damage, tendon transposition, transposition of functioning muscles, nerve injury, brachial plexus injury, spinal cord root avulsion. In the selected 23 most relevant papers, the muscles used for transposition, indications and timing of operations, results and complications were analyzed, compared with other methods of surgical treatment of brachial plexus injuries. The analysis of studies has shown that the transposition of functioning muscles allows in most cases to restore the target movement to the useful level of M3–M4 on the MRC scale, is a more reliable method and allows achieving better results, especially in patients with severe complete injuries of the brachial plexus. An important disadvantage of free hip thin muscle transplantation operations is the risk of microanastomosis thrombosis, which requires detailed preoperative planning and good microsurgical technique of the operating team.

Conclusion. Free transplantation of 2 functioning muscles is currently the method of choice for restoring upper limb movements in patients with complete brachial plexus injuries.
Mental Health Disparities Among Cisgender, Transgender, and Gender Nonconforming College Students in the United States
Authors: Prasath Priscilla Rose , Lohmar Sabine , Zahar Rich Whitney , Elizabeth Dalan Emma , James Justine K.
Published: April 2023

Compared to cisgender men and women, transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) individuals receive very littl.e attention on their experiences related to mental health. This study examines gender differences in mental health-related outcomes and their relationship to mental illness diagnoses, psychological service utilization, help-seeking attitudes, and overall health among students attending universities in the United States. A survey of 1,034 college students indicated psychological health significantly varied by gender such that mental health-related outcomes, mental illness diagnoses, and psychological service utilization were worse for TGNC individuals than for cisgender women or men. These healthcare outcomes were also reported to be worse for cisgender women than for cisgender men, except for resilience, loneliness, and overall health, for which TGNC participants reported worse outcomes, but cisgender men and women did not differ. Implications for mental health counselors and recommendations for future research are provided.
Effectiveness of Teletherapy During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Lee Derek J. , Heyman Allyson N. , Winkelman Logan , Sneed Zach , Sametz Rebecca
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of and client satisfaction with teletherapy services provided during the COVID-19 pandemic. A 13-item electronic survey was utilized to measure participant use of and satisfaction with teletherapy. The frequency of symptoms assessed was consistently higher during the COVID-19 time frame than pre-COVID-19. Most respondents indicated that their symptoms worsened or new symptoms arose during the COVID-19 time frame. Additionally, 39.6% of respondents indicated an increase in teletherapy use. A significant model was found that predicted a collective effect for satisfaction with teletherapy counseling. Reported increases in symptomology additionally indicated a greater need for accessible care during the pandemic. This study’s findings support a continuation of teletherapy use in response to the COVID-19 pandemic due to reported increases in use of and satisfaction with teletherapy services.
Adverse Childhood Experiences, Multidimensional Perfectionism, and Stress in Young Adults: A Person-Centered Perspective
Authors: Grad Ramona I. , Thomas Christopher L. , Gordy Destiny D.
Published: April 2023

The following manuscript addresses adverse childhood experiences as they relate to perfectionism and perceived stress in young adults. The authors examined adverse childhood experiences and their association with perfectionism and perceived stress in a sample of 481 university students. Latent profile analysis based on measures of perfectionism supported a three-class model made up of adaptive perfectionists, maladaptive perfectionists, and non-perfectionists. Discriminant analysis suggested childhood abuse and neglect are important predictors of perfectionism profile membership. Lastly, among these groups, the authors found significant differences in perceived stress, with adaptive perfectionists reporting the lowest level of perceived stress, followed by non-perfectionists and maladaptive perfectionists. Implications for mental health counselors and future research are provided.
The experimental study of mechanical losses in the modern diesel engine
Authors: Khannanov Marat D. , Gumerov Irek F. , Fardeev Lenar I. , Kulikov Andrey S. , Alimgulov Eduard R.
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: Amid the tightening of the CO2 emission requirements as well as high level of competition on the commercial truck market, the focus area of the internal combustion engine (ICE) development is as follows: high engine efficiency and fuel economy, minimization of internal losses and engine cycle optimization for all operation modes. Engine performance factors of modern 1213-liter diesel engines, existing on the global market, are as follows: the minimal specific fuel consumption is 179182 g/kWh, effective efficiency is 4648%. Decreasing of mechanical losses is one of the features that made the achievement of such factors possible. The relevant issue for choosing the strategy of mechanical losses decreasing is formation of balance in losses distribution between main ICE groups of components. Moreover, considering the mechanical losses dependence on engine operating speed, engine cycle parameters and engine design features, it is important to determine the pattern of change in mechanical losses.
AIMS: Assessment of mechanical losses of modern diesel engine with high effective efficiency in an experimental way. Formation of mechanical losses balance.
METHODS: The study object is the 6ChN 13/15 inline six-cylinder diesel engine with the operation volume of 11.95 liters. The mechanical losses assessment was performed with the engine, propelled by a dynamometric machine on a testing facility with fully stabilized conditions, with the method of sequential disassemble of main groups of components.
RESULTS: Relevant data of mechanical losses level of the modern diesel engine with the distribution between main groups of components is obtained. Mechanical losses dependence on operation speed, oil and coolant liquid temperatures is formed.
CONCLUSIONS: Practical value of the study lies in assessment of contribution of each group of components in the total friction as well as in assessment of the degree of design and technological development of ICEs. According to the study results, areas of possible improvement of friction for each group of components and engine as a whole will be formed.
Use of fuel injection equipment with increased injection pressure for reducing environmental footprint
Authors: Melbert Alla A. , Nguyen Tran Hung , Mashensky Alexander V.
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: Environmental pollution causes a number of irreversible consequences, including those associated with climate warming, acid precipitation, deterioration of climatic conditions and others. The problem of reducing harmful emissions of diesel engines containing in exhaust gases is currently relevant, as the implementation of the EURO 4/5/6 standards is becoming increasingly difficult for both new automotive equipment and those already in operation.
AIMS: Reduction of harmful emissions into the atmosphere and reduction of environmental footprint by increasing the fuel injection pressure in a diesel cylinder.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The 6Ch15/18 (7D6-150) diesel engines, having nominal power of 110 kW at 1500 min-1, specific effective fuel consumption of 224 g/(kWh) and oil burn of 0.32% of the fuel consumption intended for diesel generator units, were tested. During steady-state tests, diesel exhaust gases were collected to analyze their composition and determine the dispersion of solid particles (SP) with an increase in fuel injection pressure by tightening the nozzle springs.
RESULTS: It was revealed that with an increase in the tightening of the nozzle springs and an increase in the injection pressure (PI), emissions of solid particles with exhaust gases decrease, and the fuel efficiency of diesel increases. As a result of the tests carried out, it was found that with an increase in the springs tightening of the injectors from (PI increased from 160 to 185 kPa), emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) decreased by 15%, emissions of carbon monoxide (CO) decreased by 15%, emissions of hydrocarbons (CxHy) decreased by 54% and emissions of solid particles (SP) decreased by 33%. Improved mixing and better preparation of fuel for combustion explain the change in CO emissions with the PI increase. The emissions of CxHy indicate a significant improvement in the completeness of fuel combustion in the cycle. Emissions of solid particles containing in exhaust gases are reduced due to the intensification of mixing of air and fuel vapor, contributing to a more complete burn-off of soot in a cylinder. The CxHy emissions are reduced and meet the EURO-3 and EURO-4 standards. The environmental footprint was as follows: NEF = 51.34 Сt/year at PI = 160 kPa and NEF = 43.66 Сt/year at PI = 185 kPa, which indicates a decrease in the environmental footprint by 1.17 times or by 15%.
CONCLUSIONS: The practical value of the study lies in the possibility of using fuel injection equipment with increased fuel injection pressure into a cylinder to reduce harmful emissions from diesel exhaust gases down to the required standards.