bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Artificial Magnetic Conductor-Backed Microstrip-Fed Dual-Band Antenna for 5G Wearable Sensor Nodes and C Band Application in WBAN Network
Authors: Jacob Sherene , Bose Meenambal , Karuppiah Vasudevan
Published: August 2024

This chapter is the development of a microstrip fed dual band antenna with a low-profile, small, and flexible structure, utilizing an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) and microstrip feed. The antenna is biocompatible and operates at resonant at 3.5 GHz for 5G applications and 5.7 GHz catering to C band applications like Wi-Fi. In order to render the suggested antenna biocompatible, a 3x3 array of AMC is integrated. This array functions to augment the FBR, thereby improving overall parameters when in contact with living human tissues. From the simulation of the microstrip fed dual band antenna with AMC, the result indicates the improved parameters of the antenna gain is 3.91dB and 4.87dB, bandwidth of 340MHz and 480MHz, Front to Back ratio is 12.6dB and 161.8dB with a radiation efficiency of 84% and 85% in 3.5GHz and 5.7GHz resp. The antenna having flexibility, improved gain and improved FBR makes it good for wearable antenna applications.
Radar Cross Section Modelling and Analysis Using Various Estimation Techniques in FMCW Radar Frequencies
Authors: Hariharan K. , Suresh M. N. , Manimegalai B.
Published: August 2024

The radar cross-section (RCS) is a critical and crucial factor that determines presence of the target by radar signal, and it can be consistently detected so as to track the target by a radar system. The target's size can be fixed by changing the factor ratio of the RCS quantity. Raising the target's RCS improves its radar detestability. Reduced RCS, on the other hand, the chances for the target to miss from radars, which is frequently required in military settings. The equation for the RCS is depending upon various factor and constants, the surface area (A), the wavelength (𝜆), the Fresnel reflection coefficient (G) at normal incidence.
Lattice-Aided Delay Phase Precoding for 6G THz Massive MIMO
Authors: Ilango Parthiban , Sudha V. , Pakarzadeh Hassan
Published: August 2024

The future 6G wireless technology promotes applications like three-dimensional (3D) communication, extended virtual reality, digital twins, autonomous driven vehicles, etc. Such applications require tens of GHz bandwidth, such large bandwidth is promoted by Terahertz communication system. To compensate the effect of attenuation and to increase the coverage massive MIMO with traditional hybrid precoder is considered. The conventional hybrid precoder suffers from beam split effect, where the transmitted beams are oriented towards different direction leads to loss of array gain. To circumvent the array gain loss and to focus the orientation of all transmitted beams toward a particular direction a delay phase precoder (DPP) is considered. In delay phase precoding, the selected precoder is not redundant therefore consumes more power. To reduce the power consumption two lattice aided DPP namely: Boosted LLL aided DPP and Boosted KZ aided DPP were proposed. The performance in terms of array gain and data rate were plotted. The computational complexity analysis was also performed.
Case Studies on the Integration of 5G Technology Into Smart Grids With Emphasis on Cybersecurity Measures
Authors: Kumaran M.
Published: August 2024

The incorporation of 5G technology into smart grids offers significant prospects for improving the efficiency, reliability, and flexibility of electricity distribution networks. This chapter covers numerous case studies demonstrating the adoption of 5G in smart grid systems, with a special emphasis on the cybersecurity measures used to protect these vital assets. The report illustrates the benefits of 5G by analyzing real-world applications in depth, including faster data transmission speeds, lower latency, and the capacity to handle a large number of connected devices. It also covers the new cybersecurity concerns posed by 5G integration, such as increased vulnerability to cyber-attacks and the complexity of safeguarding large, distributed networks. The case studies show a variety of tactics and technologies used to manage these risks, such as advanced encryption protocols, AI-powered threat detection, and robust network segmentation.
Dynamics of Feature Selection in Machine Learning for IR 5.0
Authors: Hajamydeen Asif Iqbal , Helmi Rabab Alayham Abbas , Md Johar Md Gapar , Buhari Abudhahir
Published: August 2024

The chapter gives a broad overview to feature selection with an importance on different selection techniques and algorithms. It utilizes datasets with diverse volume of features and instances to evaluate the ability of various feature selection algorithms. The datasets were selected based on well-defined conditions that act as standards for diverse settings. The performance outcomes of the algorithms on the datasets are tabulated and the insights gained are discussed in this chapter. Appendices 1 and 2 comprise the exact scores that each algorithm achieved for each dataset. The chapter improves the understanding of feature selection and extends the usefulness for selecting the appropriate algorithms for specific use cases.
Empowering Industry 5.0
Authors: Zun Liang Chuan , Bing Sern Abraham Lim , Chek Cheng Tan , King Luen David Lau , Japashov Nursultan , Ee Hiae Tan
Published: August 2024

The rise of Industry 5.0 underscores the need to foster STEM professionals for economic progress. However, the drop in urban Pahang's upper-secondary students enrolled in Additional Mathematics poses challenges evident in STEM labor force data. Addressing this, a qualitative study, following the CRISP-DM framework, explores exogenous variables influencing Additional Mathematics enrollment. The proposed modified stacked AI predictive algorithm shows superior accuracy to benchmark algorithms. A bootstrapped paired t-test assesses underfitting and overfitting, highlighting teacher and peer influence, mathematics self-efficacy, ethnicity, and educational disciplines as significant exogenous variables. This research amplifies the importance of robust STEM initiatives, aligning with Malaysia's 60:40 STEM to non-STEM goal, contributing to technological advancement and high-income aspirations.
Empowering Industry 5.0
Authors: Sarsar Lamiae , Echaoui Abdellah
Published: August 2024

This chapter examines the impact of renewable energy adoption on the trajectory of Industry 5.0, focusing on its technological implications. Employing rigorous econometric analysis and panel data covering 135 countries from 2012 to 2020, the study assesses the relationship between renewable energy consumption and digital transformation. Methodologically, comprehensive datasets and robust weighted least squares (RWLS) are utilized to address data non-normality. Findings reveal a consistent negative relationship between renewable energy consumption and digital transformation, indicating potential trade-offs between sustainability goals and technological advancement. Policy implications suggest the need for balanced strategies that reconcile renewable energy integration with digital transformation objectives. Targeted interventions are essential to foster synergies between renewable energy and digital technologies, incentivize research and development, and overcome technological barriers.
Industry 5.0 Revolution
Authors: Subbiah Ahgalya , Subbiah Ahgalya
Published: August 2024

The Industry 5.0 urban efficiency revolution transforms cityscapes, using cutting-edge technologies to optimize road management through intelligent sensors. This paradigm shift emphasizes harmonious coexistence of advanced automation and sustainable living. Industry 5.0 is a display between automation and sustainable urban development, merging digital and physical realms. The synergy between urban efficiency and intelligent sensors fosters a smarter, responsive infrastructure, transcending traditional boundaries. Data analytics at an advanced level customizes road measures with the goal of reducing congestion and optimizing transportation efficiency. Intelligent sensors, monitoring traffic and environmental factors, contribute to a sustainable urban landscape. This revolution promises cities that balance innovation with inhabitants' well-being, epitomizing intelligent, resilient urban development.
Sustainable Manufacturing Through Digital Twin and Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Wang Di
Published: August 2024

Smart manufacturing is on the cusp of a significant transformation as it integrates virtual systems with their real-world counterparts, primarily through the use of digital twins. When combined with deep reinforcement learning, the predictive capability of DTs is sharpened using real-world data, offering valuable insights throughout an entity's life cycle, from inception to retirement. DRL provides a resilient framework for making decisions in unpredictable and ever-changing environments. As agents continually interact with these environments, their decision-making strategies, guided by rewards, are refined. The foundation of this learning lies in the Markov decision process, which steers the efficacy of DRL. This methodology has demonstrated its effectiveness in challenges like scheduling and robot control. This chapter explores the benefits, frameworks, data flow, and pipelines of implementing DRL in smart manufacturing, particularly in resource scheduling. It provides a comparative analysis of existing research and DRL's performance against traditional heuristics.
Environmental Issues and Globalizing World
Authors: Karataş Abdullah , Talas Mustafa
Published: August 2024

The world is getting smaller and turning into a global village. For this reason, we are faced with a phenomenon called globalization. This phenomenon emerges as a result of the electronic communication revolution. In this new era, societies, cultures, social structures, economic structures—in short, all social systems are undergoing transformation. Fundamental changes are occurring in the fabric of societies. There are also different ways of expressing the phenomenon of globalization. This process, which is also called postmodernism, post-structuralism, new capitalism, clash of civilizations, information society, is actually nothing new for humanity. We can talk about an extension of the history of globalization dating back thousands of years. However, its effect in recent periods, called the period of speed and pleasure, is much more evident. In this study, the relationship between globalization and global environmental issues was examined. In this regard, firstly globalization was emphasized in the conceptual framework, and then global environmental issues were discussed.
Supply Chain and ESG Concerns in the Food Sector
Authors: Kilic Erdem , Sönmezer Sıtkı , Cankaya Serkan
Published: August 2024

The scope of the study is the examination of impact of ESG scores on the top 800 ESG-scored listed companies globally that may reflect supply chain performance. This study aims to shed light on how corporate governance issues affect supply chain processes. To this end, 800 globally listed companies are leveraged and assessed based on their ESG performance by incorporating Thomson Reuters environmental, social, and governance (ESG) scores into these models. The main objective of this study is to assess the extent to which environmental, social, and governance practices influence supply chain performance. To measure supply chain performance, the authors consider various indicators, including supply chain management score, monitoring score, and partnership termination scores. These metrics allow us to evaluate the effectiveness of supply chain processes over our sample period of ten years. To analyze the relationships between ESG scores and supply chain performance, the authors use partial least square (PLS) regression modeling.
Active Learning Strategies in Higher Education
Authors: Sharma Manjari , Gupta Sharad
Published: August 2024

This chapter investigates active learning strategies in higher education, showcasing five innovative learning strategies conducted with students. These strategies include starting and managing a small business to understand entrepreneurship, recording transactions according to accounting principles, and engaging in role-play as members of international organizations like the IMF and World Bank to negotiate projects. Additionally, students create short films on specific topics to explore creative storytelling and communication. These experiential learning activities aim to provide comprehensive insights into practical and theoretical knowledge applications.
Empowering Minds
Authors: Sridevi R. , Ashokkumar P. , Sathish V.
Published: August 2024

It takes more than just passive information consumption to meet the expectations of higher education. This chapter delves into the efficacy of cognitive learning processes, providing students with useful tools to improve their understanding, memory, and critical thinking abilities. The authors enable learners to actively engage with information, develop deeper comprehension, and attain academic greatness by exploring evidence-based tactics such as interleaving, spaced retrieval, and elaboration. The authors also discuss common issues that students in higher education encounter, like information overload and procrastination, and offer solutions to help students get past these obstacles and maximize their educational opportunities. Lastly, the authors stress the value of metacognition and exhort students to evaluate their own learning experiences and modify their approach as necessary. The purpose of this chapter is to help as an invaluable means for both educators and students, fostering a culture of empowered learning in higher education
Adaptive Intelligence Revolutionizing Learning and Sustainability in Higher Education
Authors: Chigbu Bianca Ifeoma , Umejesi Ikechukwu , Makapela Sicelo Leonard
Published: August 2024

This chapter examines the incorporation of adaptive intelligence in higher education, focusing on its influence on conventional learning approaches and long-lasting educational strategies. Adaptive intelligence merges artificial intelligence with human cognition to provide personalized learning by utilizing real-time customisation and data analysis. Adaptive intelligence enhances sustainability by integrating sustainability principles into the learning process in a dynamic manner. The chapter discusses obstacles such resource constraints, instructor opposition, and ethical issues. The significance of ethical AI usage, educator engagement, and continuous research is emphasized to maximize adaptive intelligence's potential in creating a sustainable and inclusive educational system. The text ends by addressing future research and practical consequences with the goal of establishing a robust educational system that accommodates individual learning requirements, incorporates sustainability principles, and equips students to navigate contemporary challenges.
Innovative Teaching Strategies in Higher Education and Their Impact on Overall Educational Effectiveness
Authors: Balakrishnan Srinivasan Moharkonda , Deepika S. R. , Srinivasan Priyadarshini Moharkonda
Published: August 2024

This book chapter delves into pioneering teaching methods in higher education and their impact on educational efficacy. It delves into the shift from traditional teaching to collaborative and experiential learning, emphasizing how these methods foster engagement and active involvement. The chapter scrutinizes leading pedagogical innovations and their effects, crafting a research model and assessment tool to gauge their efficacy. This tool blends quantitative and qualitative metrics for a comprehensive evaluation, offering insights for educators, administrators, and policymakers. By amalgamating theory, empirical data, and practical insights, the chapter advances understanding and provides a guide for educators and researchers to explore, implement, and assess these strategies, ultimately enriching educational outcomes and student success in diverse higher education landscapes.
Interactive Learning in Library Instruction
Authors: Meeramani N. , Bhat Divakara
Published: August 2024

Library instruction is important for students' information literacy and academic success. This chapter explores interactive learning strategies to improve engagement and learning outcomes during library instruction sessions. It discusses the benefits of interactive learning in fostering participation, critical thinking, and information literacy development in students. The chapter highlights the importance of interactive learning experiences in library instruction, including hands-on activities, group discussions, and experiential learning. It emphasizes the role of librarians in creating engaging experiences, using technology to enhance student interaction, and overcoming potential barriers such as limited resources and time constraints. The chapter stresses the need for innovative teaching methods to promote student engagement and information literacy development.
Nursing Students' Experiences of Peer Group Teaching
Authors: Ashipala Daniel Opotamutale
Published: August 2024

Peer teaching is a rapidly developing educational method that enhances student learning through a variety of collaborative and cooperative educational strategies. In Namibia, little research exists on how nursing students experiences the use of peer teaching in nursing and midwifery education. The purpose of this chapter is to explore and describe nursing students' experiences on the use of peer group teaching as a learning method in nursing and midwifery education. The results revealed nursing students positive and negative experiences with suggestions for improvement. Findings from this chapter may help identify strengths and weaknesses in the use of peer group teaching for learning purposes in nursing and midwifery education.
Teaching Human Resource Management in Law Schools
Authors: Raju Prageetha G.
Published: August 2024

Many courses of higher education emerged for being ideological but later graduated into something more critical and reflective; HRM is one such course. A number of studies tried to address teaching HRM in a responsible, reflective, and critical manner. At this point, it is to be noted that HRM teaching is getting essential to students given the trend for integrated programmes in India and abroad. But how HRM should be taught to students pursuing integrated programmes still remains unanswered. There is dearth of literature regarding the context, the content, the perspectives, and the pedagogies of HRM for non-business students. So, how should HRM be taught? The author established the context to teach HRM in non-business schools, personally developed teaching materials, and gradually emerged into incorporating tested models to foster criticality and reflection. Two interventions, viz., project pedagogy and critical studies in HRM, are used to teach HRM to law students.
Sustainable Supply Chain Practices
Authors: Govere Ephraim , Chikwere David , Mandere Tendai Silvaziso , Mashingaidze Mugove
Published: August 2024

This chapter explores contemporary solutions for sustainable transportation within the supply chain and provides a rationale for adopting these practices. Sustainable supply chain practices have become increasingly important as businesses and societies recognize the need to mitigate environmental impact and promote responsible resource management. Transportation plays a critical role in determining the overall sustainability of the supply chain, making it essential to identify innovative practices, technologies, and strategies that can reduce environmental impact, improve efficiency, and enhance sustainability. The chapter highlights the pressing need to address the environmental impact of transportation, including greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution, and resource depletion. By adopting sustainable transportation practices, organizations can minimize their carbon footprint, reduce pollution, and conserve valuable resources.
Involving Communities in Green Energy-Powered Sustainable Transportation Solutions
Authors: Prasad Dharmbir , Singh Rudra Pratap , Anand Jatin , Roy Ranadip , Mitra Anish
Published: August 2024

Sustainable transportation encompasses low- and zero-emission, energy-efficient, and cost-effective modes of transportation, such as domestic fuels and electric and alternative-fuel cars. For a number of reasons, community involvement is crucial to the long-term viability and success of transportation projects. First and foremost, communities bear the direct cost of pollution, traffic, and infrastructure growth as a result of transportation networks. Communities' distinct viewpoints, needs, and concerns may be addressed by including them in decision-making processes. This assures that programs are adapted to local settings and well-received by locals. Additionally, community involvement encourages people to feel empowered and in control of their lives, which inspires them to take an active role in and support sustainable transportation initiatives. In the proposed system, bio genset produces 12,571.500MWh of energy per year, the generic flat plate PV produces 1,685.699 MWh of energy per year, providing a total of 14,257.199MWh of energy per year.
Designing Cities for Sustainable Transportation
Authors: Kanyepe James , Zizhou Brave
Published: August 2024

This chapter focuses on the key issues in designing cities for sustainable transportation. Existing literature highlights the intricate connections between transportation, land use, and urban development. This chapter employs a systematic analysis approach to synthesize existing research and related materials. A combination of major academic databases, including Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, and IEEE Xplore, were used in data collection. Smart cities, conceptualized to enhance urban sustainability, are expected to improve the quality of life, production, consumption, and transportation efficiency. However, global reports reveal delays and incompleteness in many smart city projects because of the insufficient incorporation of sustainable and inclusive elements. To address this gap, this chapter aims to systematically investigate strategies for improving the integration of sustainable and inclusive elements into smart city projects, specifically emphasizing sustainable transportation.
Transportation Solutions for People With Disabilities
Authors: Mawonde Dumisani
Published: August 2024

This chapter studies the transportation challenges faced by people with disabilities and suggests solutions to the identified challenges. A systematic literature review was adopted and used where a total of 10 research papers were selected for examination. The findings of this research indicate that people with disabilities are faced with transportation challenges such as lack of transport facilities, discrimination and unfair treatment, inept vehicle design, high transport fares, and they are excluded from the process of transport planning when compared to those in developed countries. In view of the findings of this research, it was concluded that people with disabilities are faced with transportation challenges that impede them from having access to various necessities and to exercise their mobility rights. The research recommends investments in transport facilities, implementation of transport subsidy policies, the training of transport personnel, the inclusion of people with disabilities in strategic transport planning, and the removal of import tax for modified vehicles of people with disabilities. The research also recommends future studies to be carried out on transportation solutions for school children and students with disabilities.
Enhancing Sustainability in the Modern Transport Through Eco-Friendly Packaging
Authors: Govere Ephraim , Chikwere David , Chibaro Munyaradzi , Mashingaidze Mugove , Mandere Tendai Silvaziso
Published: August 2024

The chapter highlights the significance of eco-friendly packaging and sustainable transportation in enhancing sustainability within the modern supply chain. It emphasizes the role of the packaging industry in combating climate change and environmental disasters and explores the implementation of green supply chain management practices. The chapter emphasizes the importance of collaboration and communication among stakeholders in optimizing transportation processes and reducing environmental impact. It also discusses the economic and environmental benefits of adopting sustainable transportation practices. The chapter further delves into the environmental consequences of traditional packaging materials and emphasizes the need for alternative options that are both efficient and environmentally friendly. It explores the economic implications of eco-friendly packaging and discusses the role of government regulations in promoting sustainable packaging practices.
Reverse Logistics and Waste Reduction Alternatives
Authors: Mtetwa Cleopatra
Published: August 2024

This chapter provides a comprehensive understanding of reverse logistics and its role in reducing waste, and it explores different alternatives for waste reduction that can be implemented through effective reverse logistics strategies. The chapter also emphasizes the interconnected nature of sustainability and profitability, highlighting that implementing effective waste reduction strategies not only protects the environment but also yields tangible economic benefits. By optimizing reverse logistics processes, the chapter showcases how businesses can minimize costs associated with waste disposal, extract value from recovered materials, and enhance their brand reputation through their commitment to environmental stewardship. The chapter provides best practices to showcase the potential benefits, challenges, and opportunities associated with integrating reverse logistics and waste reduction alternatives into business operations.
The Integration of Sustainable Practices in Cultural and Gastronomic Tourism
Authors: Talukder Mohammad Badruddoza , Kumar Sanjeev , Khan Musfiqur Rahoman
Published: August 2024

This chapter examines cultural and gastronomic tourist sustainability. Cultural, gastronomic, and travel interactions and why the environment, society, and economics matter will be discussed. The authors reviewed relevant research articles, books, reports, and case studies. They chose case studies to demonstrate critical ideas, examined industry sustainability using findings, discussed ramifications, and suggested sustainable approaches to create a viable cultural and gourmet tourism study. They highlight significant findings and recommend future studies to develop cultural gastronomic tourism within the industry. Cultural and gastronomic tourism increases visitor experiences and biodiversity, enabling sustainable growth. They found local food, waste reduction, and eco-friendly consumption are essential to food tourism. Gastronomic heritage calls for industry accountability and sustainable development for hospitality. Sustainable gastronomy tourism improves economic growth, environmental sustainability, cultural preservation, social change, community resilience, and sustainable development.
Developing Digital Inclusion Through Globalization and Digitalization
Authors: Ahmed Elsadig Musa
Published: August 2024

This chapter aims to contribute to the benefits of linking globalization and digitalization to develop the digital economy and digital inclusion, fill knowledge gaps, and complete the digital transformation of the globalization-enhanced economy. The policy implications will be created based on significant findings to be employed by the economy's policymakers, industry, academics, international organizations, and other concerned institutions around the world as globalization and digitalization platforms to instrument the sustainable development goals (SDGs) to realize sustainable digital economies and businesses around the globe. To guarantee improved consistency, one ought to employ this review globalization and digitalization findings to examine the SDGs sustainability issues in general and digital technologies (big data analytics applications) as positive externalities and tackle the negative externalities brought by the environmental damages in the undesirable output generated in the form of pollutants emissions to achieve innovation and environmental integration.
Digital Matchmaking
Authors: Naik Ruchika K.
Published: August 2024

In recent years, matchmaking has gained popularity in India due to its deep-rooted historical significance, particularly in the post-pandemic era. This chapter by the author explores the growing trend of utilizing digital social media and internet platforms to facilitate matchmaking. It delves into the prevalence of crimes such as impersonation, stalking, fraud, and harassment, which have escalated with the transition to online matchmaking. The chapter examines the implications of this shift and explores the challenges and opportunities presented by matchmaking through various social media channels and websites.
Environmental Conservation and Sustainable Development
Authors: Shafik Wasswa
Published: August 2024

Despite technological advances, natural and human-induced radiation impacts biodiversity, ecology, and sustainable development. This study investigates radiation's varied effects on ecosystems, emphasizing how direct and indirect factors disrupt trophic linkages and population dynamics in underwater species. It reveals diverse environmental consequences, including genetic alterations and ecosystem disruptions. The study assesses the efficacy and feasibility of mitigation and remediation strategies, highlighting the need for stronger, more comprehensive policies to protect ecosystems and promote radiation-free growth. It underscores the importance of evaluating and improving policies to enhance environmental stewardship. Real-world ecological and biodiversity disasters related to radiation are depicted, providing responses and insights. Finally, the study suggests ways that more research can be done in the future to fill in the gaps in our knowledge and help us understand and deal with this important problem in a way that is more in line with digital inclusion and globalization.
Globalization, Digitalization, and Financial Inclusion in Islamic Banking
Authors: Bashir Mohamed Sharif
Published: August 2024

The rapid growth of Islamic banking and the evolution of financial technology have posed significant challenges to Sharīʿah-compliant banks. Addressing these challenges is crucial given the increasing global interest in Islamic banking as an alternative to conventional banking. This chapter explores the role of financial technology and digital globalization in Islamic banking, examining primary challenges and strategies for overcoming them. The chapter highlights the necessity of improving the digital experience and strengthening infrastructure and human resources. It also identifies risks associated with digital financial inclusion, such as third-party involvement, the use of agency networks, rising costs, and data privacy and security concerns. The chapter recommends that policymakers and decision-makers enhance efforts to develop legislative frameworks, systems, policies, and regulatory structures to support the use of financial technology and digital financial inclusion in Islamic banking.
Navigating Globalization and Digitalization
Authors: Bhujanga Rao Patcha , B. Rammya. , Sri A. Shamili , Inampudi Preethi , Meegada Vijaya Bhaskar Reddy
Published: August 2024

This article examines the intersection of globalization, digitalization, and digital inclusion, emphasizing the need for equitable access to digital technologies and proficiency in using them. It identifies a research gap and proposes objectives to analyze the effects of globalization and digitalization on digital inclusion disparities among marginalized populations, assess specific challenges faced by underserved groups, investigate existing digital inclusion strategies' effectiveness, and propose targeted interventions. The recommendations include promoting digital technology usage, implementing education and training programs, enacting policy interventions, fostering community engagement, addressing barriers, and advocating for continuous monitoring and evaluation. Overall, digital inclusion is critical to fostering a more equitable and inclusive society in the digital age.
Unlocking AI's Potential in Customer Service Marketing
Authors: Sharma Vikas , Bose Indraneel
Published: August 2024

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in customer service marketing is revolutionizing the way businesses interact with their customers. This chapter explores the transformative potential of AI technologies in enhancing customer service experiences and optimizing marketing strategies. AI-driven tools such as chatbots, predictive analytics, and personalized recommendations are enabling companies to provide timely, efficient, and personalized interactions that meet the evolving expectations of customers. By analyzing large datasets, AI can identify patterns and trends, allowing businesses to anticipate customer needs and tailor their marketing efforts accordingly. The chapter discusses the implementation of AI in various customer service scenarios, highlighting case studies where AI has successfully augmented traditional marketing approaches. This research underscores the importance of strategic AI adoption and provides insights into future trends that will shape the landscape of customer service marketing.
Revolutionizing Market Segmentation in Emerging Economies
Authors: Chandratreya Abhijit
Published: August 2024

This chapter explores artificial intelligence's (AI) transformative potential in revolutionizing market segmentation practices within emerging economies. With globalization and technological advancements shaping the competitive landscape, traditional segmentation methods often fall short in capturing the intricacies of diverse consumer behaviors and preferences. Leveraging AI technologies opens new avenues for businesses to comprehend and target heterogeneous market segments effectively. By analyzing vast amounts of data with machine learning algorithms, AI enables businesses to uncover hidden patterns and segmentations that were previously overlooked. This chapter delves into innovative AI-driven approaches tailored to emerging economies' unique challenges and opportunities.
The Future of Work
Authors: Bhatt Sagar , Verma Prince , Tyagi Pankaj Kumar
Published: August 2024

This research investigates the evolving service delivery landscape in the era of artificial intelligence (AI) and other emerging technologies. It delves into the mutually beneficial relationship between AI and human capabilities, illustrating successful partnerships in various sectors, including hospitality, banking, and retail. The chapter utilizes extensive case studies to demonstrate how leading corporations employ AI to personalize customer interactions while also valuing human contributions. Additionally, the chapter addresses ethical considerations in the implementation of AI, emphasizing fairness, transparency, and privacy. Furthermore, the chapter underlines the significance of continuous innovation and adaptation, highlighting key insights and lessons derived from leading organizations. By striking a balance between AI-driven automation and human touch, businesses can create exceptional customer experiences that foster loyalty and growth. As we navigate the future of work in service delivery, it is critical to embrace collaboration, prioritize training, and uphold ethical AI practices for success.
Exploring the Facets of Chatbots and Automation in Tourism With Special Reference to ChatGPT
Authors: Jose Shruti , Mohanty Priyakrushna
Published: August 2024

This chapter examines the role of chatbots, specifically ChatGPT, in the tourism industry, focusing on their influence on employment opportunities and job roles. It evaluates both the positive and negative impacts of chatbots on various aspects of tourism job roles, emphasizing their potential to enhance efficiency and customer satisfaction while acknowledging concerns regarding job displacement and diminished human interaction. Additionally, the study explores the benefits and drawbacks of automation in the tourism sector, highlighting its potential to streamline operations and improve productivity while also addressing challenges such as technical issues and the need for workforce upskilling. Furthermore, the chapter discusses strategies for upskilling the tourist workforce to effectively navigate the increasing automation in the industry and mitigate potential job losses. Lastly, the ethical implications of using ChatGPT in the tourism sector are examined, emphasizing the importance of responsible implementation to ensure fairness and human-centric values in tourism experiences.
Diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and sleep disorders: An underestimated relationship
Authors: Patil Shital , Tak Sanidhaya , Mirza Abdul Wahab
Published: August 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most prevalent endocrine disorder globally. DM is under-evaluated and less efficiently managed in terms of ruling out comorbid conditions associated with it and predisposing factors resulting in poor outcomes. Sleep disorders are more common than usually diagnosed due to less awareness in the community regarding the importance of timely diagnosis and the impact of interventions related to proper sleep hygiene and sleep structure. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is independently associated with cardiovascular and cardiometabolic risk in several large epidemiological studies. OSA leads to several physiological disturbances, such as intermittent hypoxia, sleep fragmentation, and an increase in autonomic tone. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is an adverse outcome that is typically associated with obesity. It is a cluster of metabolic risk factors for type 2 DM (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including central obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia. T2DM is often associated with OSA, and a bidirectional relationship may exist between the two diseases, mediated by both weight- and physiology-dependent mechanisms. OSA is highly associated with T2DM, and treatment of OSA may have a positive impact on the cardiometabolic profile. In this review, we have attempted to summarize the impact of sleep disorders on MS and DM, and vice versa, with special emphasis on newer medical options in the management of DM and cardiometabolic syndrome.
Cognitive impairment is associated with female sex, low level of education, lack of spousal relationship, and serum testosterone in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Mukhtar Isyaku Gwarzo , Isa Rahamat Ize , Umar Safiyyu Mujitapha
Published: August 2024

Background:

Relationship between cognitive impairment, serum testosterone, and body mass index in type 2 diabetes (T2D) is not fully understood.

Objectives:

To compare cognition between T2D patients and healthy controls. To determine relationship of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) with serum total testosterone and sociodemographic factors.

Materials and Methods:

The study was a cross-sectional case-control study. About 17 male and female T2D patients and healthy controls were randomly selected. Montreal cognitive assessment-basic (MoCA-B) was used to assess cognition; anthropometric indices were measured using standard protocols, while total testosterone was assayed from serum using competitive ELISA kits.

Results:

The mean age of the T2D patients and healthy controls was 51.62 and 66.76 years, respectively. About 82.35% of the T2D patients had MCI compared to 58.82% of the healthy controls. MCI was associated with female sex (P = 0.033), lack of spousal relationship (P = 0.016), low level of education (P = 0.014), and normal or high level of total testosterone (P = 0.010).

Conclusion:

Proportion of MCI in T2D patients is high and is associated with female sex, lack of spousal relationship, low level of education, and normal or high testosterone level.
Ethical guidelines for human research on children and adolescents: A narrative review study
Authors: Askari Gholamreza , Vajdi Mahdi , Jafari-Nasab Saeede , Golpour-Hamedani Sahar
Published: August 2024

The implementation of human research involving children and adolescents necessitates a nuanced understanding of the distinct ethical complexities and sensitivities that arise. This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive review of ethical guidelines for research with these populations by extensively examining existing standards and applied studies. The review revealed a myriad of challenges inherent in the involvement of children and adolescents as research subjects. The most important ethical challenges relate to the principles of bioethics and their compliance with human studies involving children/adolescents, informed consent, and risk assessment in studies on children/adolescents. To facilitate appropriate participation of youth in research endeavors, meticulous planning is required, in conjunction with a re-examination of the definitions of ethical principles in pediatric research, close monitoring of potential risks and benefits, and the utilization of a combination of innovative and traditional approaches to obtain informed consent that adheres to ethical standards. Performing research with children and adolescents requires special considerations to address the unique ethical issues that can emerge. By adhering to ethical guidelines tailored specifically to these vulnerable populations, researchers can help ensure that studies are conducted in an appropriate and responsible manner.
The STOP-BANG score and lung function in a general population
Authors: Hwang In Cheol , Ahn Hong Yup , Park Yujin , Kim Young Sung
Published: August 2024

Background:

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) commonly coexists with lung disease. However, the association between OSA components and lung function remains unclear. This study estimated STOP-BANG scores according to lung function using nationwide Korean data.

Materials and Methods:

Three thousand and two hundred eighty adults with available STOP-BANG scores and spirometry data were analyzed. Multivariate regression models were applied to estimate STOP-BANG scores according to lung function.

Results:

Approximately 28% of participants had abnormal lung function, and the characteristics were diverse. The significant factors associated with abnormal lung function included the STOP-BANG score. In multivariate regression analyses, individuals with abnormal lung function had significantly higher STOP-BANG scores than those with normal lung function (odds ratio: 1.19; 95% confidence interval: 1.10– 1.29; P < 0.001), and this difference was remarkable in men.

Conclusion:

Our results suggest that screening and management of OSA components are warranted to prevent impaired lung function.
Tolosa–Hunt syndrome presented with painless and fluctuating ophthalmoplegia
Authors: Tsai Ming-Hsuan , Lai Yu-Hung
Published: August 2024

The diagnosis of Tolosa–Hunt syndrome is typically based on the presence of painful ophthalmoplegia, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, exclusion of other causes, and a rapid response to steroid treatment. We report a rare case of Tolosa–Hunt syndrome with atypical presenting features, including painless and variable ophthalmoplegia which resolved spontaneously. An MRI scan at that time was considered normal. However, 2 months later, the patient had a second episode characterized with painful ophthalmoplegia and progressive blurry vision OD. Repeated MRI studies revealed an enhanced lesion in the right orbital apex and cavernous sinus. The patient responded well to corticosteroid treatment. Patients with Tolosa–Hunt syndrome could initially present with painless and fluctuating ophthalmoplegia. A careful review of the MRI scans is recommended. Painless Tolosa–Hunt syndrome should be considered in the differential diagnosis when initial investigations for other causes, including myasthenia gravis, are negative.
ASIC Design and Implementation of 32 Bit Arithmetic and Logic Unit
Authors: K.V. Kannan Nithin , V.R. Balaji , V. Mani , V. Priya , S.S. Sivaraju , A.N. Duraivel
Published: August 2024

Low power techniques are becoming more important as portable digital applications expand quickly and demand high speed and low power consumption. The ALU is the most crucial and essential component of a central processing unit, as well as numerous embedded systems and microprocessors. Designing a 32-bit ALU that combines an arithmetic unit and a logical unit is the task at hand. The logic unit will do logic operations AND, OR, XOR, and XNOR with the aid of the recommended CMOS technology, while the arithmetic unit will do the arithmetic operations addition, subtraction, increment, and buffering operation. The arithmetic unit is constructed using the 4x1 MUX, 2x1 MUX, and full adder, and the 4x1 MUX, required logic gates, and 4x1 MUX are employed to create the logical unit. Using Cadence Virtuoso Gpdk 180nm Technology, the results of the simulation of the 32-bit ALU, the ideal delay, and the Power were calculated.
EpilConNet: A Novel Multi-Class Epileptic Seizure Classification Model
Authors: Ghosh Sudip , Deepti  , Gupta Shivam
Published: August 2024

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, which can affect individuals of all age groups, but infants and older individuals are particularly vulnerable. Sudden epileptic attacks can pose significant risks and be life-threatening, impacting the overall quality of life of affected individuals. With the progress made in medical science, Electroencephalography (EEG) has emerged as a valuable tool for diagnosing and predicting seizure occurrences. The availability of wearable EEG devices, including caps and helmets, has become increasingly prominent in the market. As a result, there has been a recent surge in the development of deep learning-based systems. These systems are helpful for diagnosis in hospital settings and for mobile applications that provide timely warnings and predictions regarding seizure onset. Most of the existing state-of-the-art (SOTA) approaches focus on distinguishing between healthy and epileptic patients. Some studies categorize individuals into three classes: healthy, experiencing the onset of a seizure, or currently having a seizure, specifically focusing on mobile applications. However, limited literature is available on the five-class problem, which is valuable for localization and diagnosis in hospitals and mobile applications. In this regard, we propose our novel model, named EpilConNet, and conduct extensive experiments on a real-world dataset to demonstrate its efficacy in all modes of classification. EpilConNet results in a significant increase of 4% in accuracy in five-class classification.
On the cubic Shimura lift to $\operatorname{PGL}(3)$: The fundamental lemma
Authors: Friedberg Solomon , Offen Omer
Published: August 2024

The classical Shimura correspondence lifts automorphic representations on the double cover of

\mathrm{SL}_{2}

to automorphic representations on

\mathrm{PGL}_{2}

. Here we take key steps towards establishing a relative trace formula that would give a new global Shimura lift, from the triple cover of

\mathrm{SL}_{3}

to 

\mathrm{PGL}_{3}

, and also characterize the image of the lift. The characterization would be through the non-vanishing of a certain global period involving a function in the space of the automorphic minimal representation

\Theta_{\mathrm{SO}_8}

for split

\mathrm{SO}_{8}(\mathbb{A})

, consistent with a conjecture of Bump, Friedberg and Ginzburg (2001). In this paper, we first analyze a global distribution on

\mathrm{PGL}_{3}(\mathbb{A})

involving this period and show that it is a sum of factorizable orbital integrals. The same is true for the Kuznetsov distribution attached to the triple cover of

\mathrm{SL}_{3}(\mathbb{A})

. We then match the corresponding local orbital integrals for the unit elements of the spherical Hecke algebras; that is, we establish the fundamental lemma.