bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS PRAKTIK MAKELAR JUAL BELI TANAH PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM DI DESA MEKARJAYA KECAMATAN GANTAR, KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU, JAWA BARAT
Authors: Salim Wahid Nur , Iswandi Irvan
Published: February 2023

Maraknya jual beli tanah yang terjadi di Desa Mekarjaya yang dibantu oleh makelar membuat peneliti ingin mengetahui praktik yang sebenarnya, karena banyak kasus yang terjadi mengenai sengketa tanah, namun bagi masyarakat umum praktik makelar dianggap sebagai penolong dalam memperantarai jual beli tanah.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui praktik makelar yang sebenarnya di masyarakat khususnya di Desa Mekarjaya dan untuk mengetahui perhitungan upah yang diterima makelar dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam.
Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang secara spesifik lebih mengarah pada desain penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan sumber data primer dan data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara: 1) observasi, 2) wawancara bebas terpimpin.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, praktik makelar jual beli tanah yang terjadi di Desa Mekarjaya adalah sebagai berikut: 1) Pemilik tanah menyampaikan kepada makelar/perantara yang ada di lingkungan terdekatnya. 2) Makelar/perantara mengecek dokumen-dokumen terkait seperti AJB/sertifikat tanah penjual. 3) Pemilik tanah dan broker membuat kesepakatan harga tanah yang akan dijual dan upah yang akan diterima oleh broker pada umumnya sebesar 2% hingga 5%. 4) Broker/mediator mulai bekerja dengan menyampaikan informasi kepada rekan-rekannya dan calon pembeli. 5) Makelar mempertemukan calon pembeli dan penjual untuk melihat kondisi tanah dan membuat kesepakatan harga. 6) Setelah transaksi berhasil/terjadi, penjual membayar upah yang telah disepakati kepada makelar/perantara sesuai kesepakatan awal. Praktik makelar jual beli tanah di Desa Mekarjara sudah sesuai dengan perspektif hukum Islam yang berlaku. Karena tidak keluar dari rambu-rambu yang telah ditetapkan dalam hukum Islam.
Ummeland voyaging, maritime ‘monks’, and the emergence of the town of Marstrand
Authors: Von Arbin Staffan
Published: February 2023

For many centuries, the Limfjord was a strait dividing Jutland in a northerly and a southerly part. As such, it constituted the safest and most frequented sea route between the North Sea and Baltic Sea regions. During the first part of the 12th century, its western inlet silted up, creating today’s Limfjord, thus forcing vessels to take a more northerly route around the dangerous Skaw – a route that had previously been avoided. The present study suggests that this so-called ummeland voyaging had considerable economic and geo-political consequences for the Viken region. In particular, it argues that ummeland voyaging was the main driver to the establishment of the town of Marstrand in the southern part of this region. The hypothesis presented thus contradicts much of the previous research on Marstrand’s urbanisation, which instead states that the town derived from a fishing hamlet.
A percepção de pesquisadores sobre o processo de divulgação científica
Authors: Costa Inara Regina Batista da
Published: February 2023

Cientistas têm sido apontados nas últimas pesquisas realizadas pelo Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia como as fontes de maior confiança. No entanto, a presença destes e os resultados de pesquisas científicas na imprensa, ainda podem ser considerados tímidos. Esse cenário motivou conhecer a participação e a percepção de docentes pesquisadores no processo de divulgação científica. O estudo adotou a pesquisa qualitativa, exploratória, descritiva e empírica com amostragem não probabilística. Houve a participação de 580 cientistas vinculados a 39 universidades federais brasileiras. Os resultados revelam que a ausência de uma política de comunicação institucionalizada afeta a sistematização da divulgação científica. Pesquisadores percebem pouco interesse da imprensa e de assessorias de comunicação em divulgarem resultados de pesquisas na mídia externa e nos canais institucionais.
Inovação e design: da marca ao branding, a criação de um e-book voltado para as empresas roraimenses
Authors: Coelho Otavio
Published: February 2023

Em uma sociedade com abundância de ofertas e um enorme fluxo de informações, porém fadada a escassez de tempo e com um mercado de ofertas muito semelhantes, é importante entender melhor as rupturas vivenciadas, as quais estão gerando mudanças de paradigmas em nossa sociedade. Conceituar hoje o verdadeiro sentido da marca de produto e serviço, branding e identidade visual tomou-se fundamental para a compreensão de um mercado pós-moderno. Clientes passaram a consumir com base na identidade dos produtos, serviços ou empresas. Tal perspectiva nos levou a repensar nosso antigo método de julgar aquilo que nos interessava comparando suas características e benefícios, método o qual não funciona tão bem nos dias atuais. Atualmente, muitas de nossas escolhas de consumo são pautadas por atributos mais simbólicos e emocionais, origem do produto, o que é dito sobre ele por outras pessoas e até mesmo a qual “tribo” faremos parte se o adquirirmos, tornaram-se atributos relevantes na hora da compra. Caso tenha confiança, um sentimento de paixão pela marca, então possamos nos associar a ela enquanto consumidor, pois nossa sociedade deixou de ser uma economia de produção em massa para tornar-se uma economia de customização de massa. A marca se converteu num dos maiores ativos da empresa. A marca pós-moderna é a percepção do cliente em relação a um produto, serviço ou a uma empresa. Para que se possa entender melhor o potencial de uma marca é importante entender as diferenças fundamentais entre o logotipo e a identidade da marca. Levando em consideração que ainda existem gestores inteiramente cegos, surdos e mudos sobre importância da sua marca e a relevância do processo criativo do design para inovação. Na tentativa de trazer à luz essas temáticas, será desenvolvido um material instrucional em formato e-book, para dispositivos móveis, que facilitará essa compreensão e evolução das marcas.
Método de taxonomia das paisagens para uso no planejamento ambiental
Authors: Barbosa Oscar Rocha , Torres Netto Alena , Cunha Tatiana Santos da , Matta Patricia dos Santos , Vitorio Cleber Vinicius Akita , Gurova Tetyana , Aguiar Laís Alencar de , Almeida Josimar Ribeiro de
Published: February 2023

A paisagem tem recebido várias classificações revistas por alguns autores e apresenta uma dificuldade de análise devido a sua complexidade. O sistema de classificação proposto comporta seis níveis na escala espacial, considerando a importância dos elementos climáticos e estruturais nas unidades de maior abrangência escalar. A paisagem deve ser compreendida através da interação sociedade e natureza, junto com uma abordagem idiográfica, sistêmica e integrada.  Possui conotação de componente da qualidade ambiental ao ser observada como recurso de valor cultural, estético, histórico, econômico, recreativo e ecológico.
Métodos para análise e gestão ambiental: avaliação ecodinâmica
Authors: Aguiar Laís Alencar de , Matta Patrícia dos Santos , Pereira Raphael do Couto , Vitorio Cleber Vinicius Akita , Almeida Josimar Ribeiro de
Published: February 2023

Esta Nota Técnica de uma primeira aproximação para a classificação ecodinâmica dos ambientes da Ilha Grande, RJ, a partir da operacionalização das bases efetuadas por Tricart (1977). Valoram-se em escala nominal os caracteres e atributos mais operacionais de localização e mapeamento, e efetua-se o cruzamento entre os estados dos sistemas, suas possibilidades de dinâmica de trajetória de evolução com as características e propriedade dos mesmos. A aplicação da metodologia refere-se à Ecodinâmica da Ilha Grande, Município de Angra dos Reis, RJ, e tem como pontos principais a interface morfogênese/pedogênese, que é um dos atores determinantes da dinâmica natural, juntamente com a influência da cobertura vegetal e a ação antrópica.
Taxonomia das paisagens para uso no planejamento ambiental
Authors: Barbosa Oscar Rocha , Vitorio Cleber Vinicius Akita , Gurova Tetyana , Cunha Tatiana Santos da , Matta Patrícia dos Santos , Lelacher Carolina Dias , Almeida Josimar Ribeiro de
Published: February 2023

A paisagem tem recebido várias classificações revistas por alguns autores e esta apresenta uma dificuldade de análise devido a sua complexidade. Nesse sentido, o sistema de classificação proposto comporta seis níveis na escala espacial, considerando a importância dos elementos climáticos e estruturais nas unidades de maior abrangência escalar. A paisagem deve ser compreendida através da interação sociedade e natureza, junto com uma abordagem idiográfica, sistêmica e integrada. Além disso, a paisagem possui conotação de componente da qualidade ambiental ao ser observado como recurso de valor cultural, estético, histórico, econômico, recreativo e ecológico e, portanto, a classificação aqui proposta visa facilitar o estudo e a observância desses locais de acordo com as 5 unidades taxonômicas propostas e os 4 modelos genéticos predominantes. Com isso, a partir do entendimento do caráter dinâmico das paisagens e da sua transformação a partir da interação com o homem e elementos morfoclimáticos, fica evidente a necessidade de se aprofundar a classificação das paisagens levando em consideração inclusive elementos genéticos. Dessa forma, a fim de melhor compreender as paisagens e estimular seu estudo de forma integrada destas, considerando além de seus valores ecológicos, como também os culturais, estéticos entre outros, se observa que a classificação proposta auxiliará especialistas seu uso para bom planejamento ambiental.
GOOD PRACTICES TO REDUCE PSYCHOSOCIAL RISKS IN SITE TEAMS OF BUILDING CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES
Authors: DEL RIO MERINO MERCEDES , ZAMORA CALLEJA MIRIAM , CALDERON GALLO CRISTINA , MARTIN BREZMES LAURA , ROS SERRANO ANTONIO
Published: February 2023

Psychosocial risks are all those working conditions that have the capacity to affect the day-to-day life of workers, as well as the development of their work, whether on a physical, psychological or social level. In the construction sector, despite the high rate of sick leave, there are no studies that
evaluate, analyze and propose good practices for this type of risk, and more specifically for the risks that affect the work teams of construction companies.
This article summarizes part of the results of a research project whose objective was to carry out an analysis of the good practices that are commonly used in the industry to avoid these risks, and to select the most appropriate and priority ones to implement in the construction teams of construction companies.

The conclusions of the research were that the most appropriate and feasible good practices to implement in site teams and avoid the most recurrent risks are: Implementing clear and defined procedures, so that workers know how they have to carry out their tasks; Clearly and simply defining the functions, competencies and tasks that have to be carried out in each job that makes up the work teams; Welcome plan for new employees; Improving and implementing communication channels and a conflict management channel and humanizing organizations, with people-oriented leadership.

Keywords:
Psychosocial risks, FPSICO, work teams, Good practices, Zero accidents.
SOIL IMPROVEMENT SYSTEM USING RESIN INJECTIONS IN SUBMERGED TUNNELS
Authors: MONDRAGON ENGUIDANOS CATALINA , GIL LOPEZ TOMAS , VERDU VAZQUEZ AMPARO , GORINES GARNACHO FRANCISCO JAVIER
Published: February 2023

The world of construction, and especially the area of underground works, is immersed in a constant state of innovation and development. In this area, numerous and innovative variables are handled, both in improvements to material properties and construction technology and in new user requirements and demands. Throughout history, civil engineering has had to offer support for the needs of comfort, aesthetics, sustainability and worker safety, among others. Of these, the latter is the most important and it has achieved increasing relevance in recent years. This research is intended to offer a comprehensive solution to the tunnelling process, beneath phreatic surfaces and in geological conditions with low cohesive strength and subject to high pressures. The intention of this technology is to treat the soil via injections applied from inside a tunnelling machine to review and replace worn tooling on its cutting wheel. The proposed solution consists in the installation of a high-frequency perforation unit on a hydroshield tunneller. This new device is analysed to determine whether it offers a solution for the proposed requirements. The results obtained confirm a 15% improvement compared to existing solutions, greater efficiency and execution speed while proving to be a safer technique in terms of preventing labour-related risks and offering respect for the environment.

Keywords: Subsea tunnel, Ground treatment, Water table, Injections, TBM, Hydroshields.
The use of the intergenic spacer region psbA-trnH of the chloroplast genome for the analysis of the taxonomic position and genetic polymorphism of the Ukrainian populations of Tulipa quercetorum Klokov et Zoz
Authors: Tynkevich Y. O. , Moysiyenko I. I. , Volkov R. A.
Published: February 2023

Aim. Tulipa quercetorum is included in the Red Data Book of Ukraine as a vulnerable species. The International Botanical Taxonomy considers T. quercetorum synonymous with T. sylvestris, a wide-ranging polymorphic species. The necessity and type of conservation measures aimed at preserving Ukrainian populations of T. quercetorum depend on its taxonomic interpretation. Accordingly, we used the chloroplast marker psbA-trnH to analyze the taxonomic status of the Ukrainian populations of T. quercetorum. Methods. PCR amplification, sequencing of the psbA-trnH spacer region, and bioinformatic analysis. Results. We have sequenced psbA-trnH of four accessions of T. quercetorum representing different regions of its distribution area in Ukraine. Comparison with the sequences of T. sylvestris s. l. showed that the differences in the psbA-trnH spacer are mainly represented by with oligonucleotide indels. Three out of four samples of T. quercetorum from Ukrainian populations contain a specific variant of inversion in the loop region of the 3' UTR of psbA mRNA, which is not characteristic for samples of T. sylvestris s. l. Conclusions. The data obtained indicate the genetic uniqueness of Ukrainian populations of T. quercetorum, however, for the accurate determination of its taxonomic status additional molecular markers, preferably of nuclear localization, are required.
Performance analysis of a horizontal well located in an underground gas storage facility
Authors: Zyzański Paweł
Published: February 2023

Nowadays, energy raw materials, especially environmentally friendly raw materials, are becoming increasingly important. These raw materials include natural gas called the "blue fuel". As it is known, natural gas is extracted from deposits located at often great depths by means of both vertical and horizontal drilling.  It is important that both vertical and horizontal wells are characterised by high efficiency in terms of obtaining the highest possible productivity, which will allow to exploit the existing resources of the deposit in the shortest possible time. 

The paper analyses the influence of such factors as reservoir pressure, thickness of reservoir, length of a horizontal section, average permeability of a reservoir, turbulence coefficient and water exponent on the process of lifting a liquid phase during operation of a horizontal well. The calculations were carried out using data concerning exploitation of the "B" natural gas field. The calculations were carried out using the "IHS PERFORM" computer programme, which is the leading industry software for carrying out analyses of productivity changes in gas wells. The following correlations were used in the horizontal well performance analysis:

- Joshi's correlation for calculating productivity for a horizontal well

- Hagedorn & Brown correlation for determining the course of pressures in a well for two-phase flow,

- Lee, Gonzalez & Eakin correlation for calculating changes in gas viscosity, and

- Dranchuk & Purvis - Robinson correlation for calculation of deviation factor of real gas "z".

The results of the calculations are presented in the form of graphs. In the final part of the article, conclusions are given, summarising the results of the analysis. In the further part of the article the author focused on the course of operation of a horizontal well located at an underground gas storage facility.
Effect of spatial walk-off on squeezing properties of quantum optical frequency combs
Authors: Li Juan , Liu Peng , Xiang Xiao , Liu Tao , Dong Rui-Fang , Zhang Shou-Gang ,   Key Laboratory of Time and Frequency Primary Standards, National Time Service  Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710600, China,   School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Published: February 2023

Quantum optical frequency combs are of great significance in the fields of quantum computing, quantum information, and high precision quantum measurement, which can be produced by using a degenerate type-I synchronously pumped optical parametric oscillator (SPOPO). When anisotropic crystal is used as a nonlinear medium in the SPOPO, the spatial walk-off effect will occur due to the birefringence effect, which cannot be ignored and will adversely affect the generation of squeezed state. In this work, we investigate the influence of spatial walk-off effect on the squeezing level of quantum optical frequency combs both theoretically and experimentally. A Ti∶sapphire mode-locked femtosecond pulsed laser which produces 130 fs pulse trains at 815 nm with a repetition rate of 76 MHz is utilized as a fundamental source. Its second harmonic at 407.5 nm is used to pump the collinear BiB3O6 (BIBO) crystal for generating the squeezed vacuum frequency comb. It is indicated that as the crystal length increases, the area of interaction between pump light and signal light decreases gradually. Thus the enhancement of squeezing is eventually limited by the spatial walk-off effect. According to the simulations, the squeezing level reaches a maximum value when the crystal length is 1.49 mm. The quantum properties of squeezed vacuum optical frequency combs obtained for four crystal lengths (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mm) are subsequently measured experimentally. When the length of BIBO is 1.5 mm, the maximum vacuum squeezing of (3.6±0.2) dB is obtained, which is (7.0±0.2) dB after being corrected for detection loss. The experimental results are consistent with the numerical simulations. This study demonstrates that the spatial walk-off effect in nonlinear crystal is a significant factor affecting the quantum optical frequency comb, and the theoretical model presented in this paper can be used to provide a guideline for optimizing the experimental implementation.
Dirac magnetic monopoles potential in the nonlinear double-soliton interference
Authors: Sun Bin , Zhao Li-Chen , Liu Jie ,   Graduate School, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Beijing 100193, China,   School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we deeply investigate the phase evolution and the underlying topological vector potential in the nonlinear interference of solitons. Based on the double-soliton solution of 1D nonlinear Schrödinger equation, we find that the density zeros of wave function generally exist in the extended complex space, each density zero corresponds to the vector potential produced by Dirac magnetic monopole. The vector potential field is composed of periodically distributed Dirac magnetic monopole pairs with opposite magnetic charges. By observing the motion of magnetic monopoles, we can conveniently understand the phase evolution characteristics during the interference process. In particular, we find that the collision of a pair of magnetic monopoles with opposite charge on the real axis corresponds exactly to the \begin{document}$ \pm\pi $\end{document} jump of the wave function phase at nodes. For comparison, we also discuss Dirac magnetic monopoles and vector potential field in linear wave packet interference case. The results show that the Dirac magnetic monopole potential widely exists in the interference phenomena of wave fields, and the distribution of magnetic monopoles in the extended complex space can be used to distinguish the topological properties behind the linear and nonlinear interference process.
Food Dye Amaranth-caused Retrotransposon Polymorphism and Salicilic Acid Protection on Triticum aestivum L.
Authors: Sunar Serap
Published: February 2023

In the present study, amaranth, which is a very important azo dye used in food, drug, paper, cosmetic and textile industries, was evaluated for its genotoxic potential by the plant model organism Triticum aestivum (wheat). The impacts of salicylic acid on genotoxic damage, and the alterations in DNA methylation due to amaranth stress in Triticum aestivum L. were also investigated. The marker techniques of Inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphisms (IRAP) and Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) were used to identify genotoxic damage. Amaranth at four different doses (50, 100, 250, 500 mg/l) and salicylic acid at two different doses (0.50 mM and 0.75 mM) were used. Amaranth at all doses caused genotoxic damage and reduced Genomic template stability (GTS %). It was found that there was an increase in genomic stability due to doses of salicylic acid in combination with Amaranth.
Long-term Performance of Loess-cement
Authors: Tchakalova Boriana , Karastanev Doncho
Published: February 2023

In Bulgaria, comprehensive research and practical experiments of loess-cement have been started in the sixties of the last century in the Geological Institute of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences and later an extensive application has taken place mainly in foundation works and irrigation facilities. The construction of soil-cement impervious screen at the bottom of the irrigation levelling reservoir of the Lom Agricultural Testing Station in the late sixties of the last century was one of the earliest applications of the loess-cement. Recently a comprehensive analysis of the microstructure, physical and mechanical parameters of the loess-cement from this impervious screen was executed aiming to assess the long-term performance of the soil-cement after more than 50 years of curing at field conditions. The current paper discusses the main outcomes and findings of that investigation. It was found that the phase transformations of the C–S–H of the cementitious mass in the inter-aggregate pore space resulted in denser microstructure and higher strength of the loess-cement after long-term curing.
Evaluation Features of Fossil and Coastal Geosites: Selecting Assessment Criteria for Geotourism Purposes
Authors: Sinnyovsky Dimitar
Published: February 2023

Fossil deposits are among the most attractive geosites in nature parks and geoparks. The Register and Cadastre of the Bulgarian geological phenomena includes several outstanding fossil deposits estimated as geosites of national significance. However, they are assessed according to the general methodology for evaluating all classes of geosites: geomorphological, paleontological, petrographical, etc., so their specific characteristics remain in the background. This also applies to coastal geosites which are not present in the Register at all, except for a few dune fields. This article discusses indicative criteria that can be used to create an expert card to assess fossil and coastal geosites based on their common feature – fossils, and their scientific and tourist value. The aim is to identify possible common features and to develop a set of criteria highlighting the specific characteristics of the fossil and coastal geosites. In this way, their value will be enhanced beyond the basic level of significance established on the basis of general criteria such as aesthetic, ecological, cultural, etc. values that are not sufficiently indicative of the true scientific and tourist value of fossil and coastal geosites.
Our Experience with the Modular Universal Tumour and Revision System in Pediatric Patients with Ewing's Sarcoma – Report of Six Cases
Authors: Ivanov Yordan , Patrikov Kircho , Slavchev Svetoslav , Andreev Andrey
Published: February 2023

Ewing’s sarcoma (ES) usually affects patients between 10 and 19 years of age and has a rapid progression. The main goal of surgical treatment is to remove the tumour with at least wide margins, limb salvage being achievable in most cases. In recent years, modular tumour endoprostheses have become one of the main methods used in children.
From August 2012 to May 2019, six patients with histologically diagnosed ES underwent limb salvage surgery and reconstruction with a MUTARS® type endoprosthesis. The mean age of the patients is 12.6 years (from 8 to 16). For the reconstruction in all six patients we used MUTARS® type endoprostheses, two of which were expandable (MUTARS® Xpand) (33.33%).
The average follow-up period was 40 months. The longest follow-up was 96 months. The average MSTS score one month after operative treatment and rehabilitation was 62% (18/30) and the average MSTS score after 12 months was 72% (21/30). Mechanical failure of the expanding mechanism was the main complication we encountered in our series.
In conclusion limb salvage surgeries and reconstruction with modular tumour endoprostheses give patients with Ewing’s sarcoma not only a chance for a disease-free life, but a potentially functional limb.
Prolonged partner separation erodes nucleus accumbens transcriptional signatures of pair bonding in male prairie voles
Authors: Sadino Julie M , Bradeen Xander G , Kelly Conor J , Brusman Liza E , Walker Deena M , Donaldson Zoe R
Published: February 2023

The loss of a spouse is often cited as the most traumatic event in a person’s life. However, for most people, the severity of grief and its maladaptive effects subside over time via an understudied adaptive process. Like humans, socially monogamous prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster) form opposite-sex pair bonds, and upon partner separation, show stress phenotypes that diminish over time. We test the hypothesis that extended partner separation diminishes pair bond-associated behaviors and causes pair bond transcriptional signatures to erode. Opposite-sex or same-sex paired males were cohoused for 2 weeks and then either remained paired or were separated for 48 hours or 4 weeks before collecting fresh nucleus accumbens tissue for RNAseq. In a separate cohort, we assessed partner-directed affiliation at these time points. We found that these behaviors persist despite prolonged separation in both same-sex and opposite-sex paired voles. Opposite-sex pair bonding led to changes in accumbal transcription that were stably maintained while animals remained paired but eroded following prolonged partner separation. Eroded genes are associated with gliogenesis and myelination, suggesting a previously undescribed role for glia in pair bonding and loss. Further, we pioneered neuron-specific translating ribosomal affinity purification in voles. Neuronally enriched transcriptional changes revealed dopaminergic-, mitochondrial-, and steroid hormone signaling-associated gene clusters sensitive to acute pair bond disruption and loss adaptation. Our results suggest that partner separation erodes transcriptomic signatures of pair bonding despite core behavioral features of the bond remaining intact, revealing potential molecular processes priming a vole to be able to form a new bond.
Assessment of the recovery and photosynthetic efficiency ofBreviolum psygmophilumandEffrenium voratum(Symbiodiniaceae) following cryopreservation
Authors: Kihika Joseph K. , Wood Susanna A. , Rhodes Lesley , Smith Kirsty F. , Butler Juliette , Ryan Ken G.
Published: February 2023

Many strains of Symbiodiniaceae have been isolated and their genetics, taxonomy, and metabolite production studied. Maintaining these cultures requires careful and regular sub-culturing that is costly with a high risk of species contamination or loss. Cryopreservation is a viable alternative for their long-term storage; however, there is uncertainty as to whether cryopreservation impacts the photosynthetic performance of Symbiodiniaceae. We investigated the growth rates and photosynthetic efficiency of two species,Breviolum psygmophilumandEffrenium voratumbefore and after cryopreservation. Rapid light curves (RLCs) produced using Pulse Amplitude Modulated (PAM) fluorometry were used to generate detailed information on the characteristics of photosystem II (PSII). The maximum electron transport rate (ETRmax) and the quantum yield (Fv/Fm) of the control (non-cryopreserved) and cryopreserved culture isolates were assessed across the growth cycle. The non-cryopreserved isolate ofB. psygmophilumhad a higher quantum yield than the cryopreserved isolate from day 12 to day 24, whereas there were no differences from day 28 to the late stationary phase. There were no significant differences in ETRmax. No significant differences were observed in quantum yield or ETRmax between the control and cryopreservedE.voratumisolates. The ability of cryopreserved strains to recover and regain their photosynthetic efficiency after freezing demonstrates the utility of this method for the long-term storage of these and other Symbiodiniaceae species.
The behavior of Broad-tailed hummingbirds is altered by cycles of human activity in a forested area converted into agricultural land
Authors: Mendiola-Islas Verónica , Lara Carlos , Corcuera Pablo , Valverde Pedro Luis
Published: February 2023

Background

By changing the circumstances in which animals make their behavioral decisions, weekly cycles of human activity might cause changes in wildlife behavior. For example, when there is more human activity in a location, animals may become more vigilant, which can decrease the time they spend foraging, or roam farther from home, leading to increased home range size. Overall, there has been little exploration of how animal species living in locations that have undergone land use change are affected by the temporal dynamics of human activity levels. In this study, we aimed to analyze the effect of the weekend on agricultural activities and hummingbird territorial activity. We examined differences between weekdays and weekends in factors previously shown to follow weekly cyclical patterns, such as pedestrian presence, traffic, and the presence of domestic animals. We hypothesized that territorial hummingbirds would respond to these weekly cycles of human activity by altering their behavior.

Methods

We studied Broad-tailed hummingbird territories in forested areas that had been transformed to agriculture lands in central Mexico. We evaluated whether territorial individuals changed their behaviors (i.e., chases of intruders, foraging within their territory, number of intruders allowed to forage in the territory) in response to variation between weekdays and weekends in the number of pedestrians, cyclists, dogs, farm animals and vehicles.

Results

We found that the level of agriculture-related human activities showed a weekly cycle at our study site. On weekdays there was higher traffic of pedestrians, cyclists, dogs, farm animals and vehicles, compared to the weekends. Hummingbirds responded to these weekday-weekends differences by changing their territorial behavior. Compared to weekends, on weekdays hummingbirds showed a decrease in defense (number of chases) as well as the use of their territory (number of flowers visited), which allowed increased access to intruders (number of visited flowers by intruders).

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that variation in agriculture-related human activities between weekdays and weekends can alter the territorial behavior of hummingbirds. Behavioral shifts seem to be related to these human activity cycles, leading hummingbirds to reduce chases and feeding during weekdays when human activity is highest, but increasing both behaviors during times of minimal disturbance.
Determination of drought tolerance of different strawberry genotypes
Authors: Celiktopuz Eser
Published: February 2023

Strawberry production future depends on productive, high quality and drought tolerant varieties. The goal of this study was to determine the most suitable variety by determining the yield and photosynthetic responses (net photosynthesis (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), and transpiration rate (E)) of four strawberry genotypes with different characteristics (Rubygem, Festival; 33, and 59) at two different irrigation levels (IR50: water stress (WS), IR100: well-watered (WW)). It was also aimed to prepare the irrigation program by making use of the crop water stress index (CWSI). The trial was conducted at the Agronomic Research Area, University of Çukurova, Turkey during 2019–2020 experimental year. The trial was implemented as a 4 × 2 factorial scheme of genotypes and irrigation levels, in a split-plot design. Genotype Rubygem had the highest canopy temperature (Tc)–air temperature (Ta), whereas genotype 59 had the lowest, indicating that genotype 59 has better ability to thermoregulate leaf temperatures. Moreover, yield, Pn, and E were found to have a substantial negative relationship with Tc–Ta. WS reduced yield, Pn, gs, and E by 36%, 37%, 39%, and 43%, respectively, whereas it increased CWSI (22%) and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) (6%). Besides, the optimal time to measure leaf surface temperature of strawberries is around 1:00 pm and strawberry irrigation management might be maintained under the high tunnel in Mediterranean utilizing CWSI values between 0.49 and 0.63. Although genotypes had varying drought tolerance, the genotype 59 had the strongest yield and photosynthetic performances under both WW and WS conditions. Furthermore, 59 had highest IWUE and lowest CWSI in the WS conditions, proving to be the most drought tolerant genotype in this research.
Mulheres Negras no Turismo
Authors: Morais Isabela Andrade de Lima , Santos Evenly Maria dos , Santos Isabela Beatriz dos
Published: February 2023

O coletivo Bitonga Travel, criado em São Paulo no ano de 2018, busca fortalecer o protagonismo das mulheres negras no turismo, além de incentivá-las e auxiliá-las através de uma rede de apoio e troca de experiências. Esta iniciativa ocorre porque a figura da mulher turista tem sido representada como uma pessoa branca, enquanto a pessoa negra é vista como uma trabalhadora que atua nos bastidores ou em atividades subalternas. Este artigo pretende entender os desafios enfrentados pelas mulheres negras do coletivo Bitonga Travel enquanto turistas e as discussões sobre racismo e gênero se fazem importantes. Foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa com a aplicação de questionários com 35 mulheres e a realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 03 mulheres, das 116 mulheres negras participantes da Bitonga Travel. Foi possível traçar um perfil dessas mulheres e perceber que o racismo, o machismo e o sexismo são problemas presentes nos relatos dessas viajantes. Portanto, é de extrema importância pensar em uma atividade turística mais inclusiva e que promova estratégias para o combate ao racismo, ao machismo e ao sexismo.
Tough Porous Silk Nanofiber‐Derived Cryogels with Osteogenic and Angiogenic Capacity for Bone Repair
Authors: Hou Jianwen , Ding Zhaozhao , Zheng Xin , Shen Yixin , Lu Qiang , Kaplan David L
Published: February 2023

Tough porous cryogels with angiogenesis and osteogenesis features remain a design challenge for utility in bone regeneration. Here, building off of the recent efforts to generate tough silk nanofiber‐derived cryogels with osteogenic activity, deferoxamine (DFO) is loaded in silk nanofiber‐derived cryogels to introduce angiogenic capacity. Both the mechanical cues (stiffness) and the sustained release of DFO from the gels are controlled by tuning the concentration of silk nanofibers in the system, achieving a modulus above 400 kPa and slow release of the DFO over 60 days. The modulus of the cryogels and the released DFO induce osteogenic and angiogenic activity, which facilitates bone regeneration in vivo in femur defects in rat, resulting in faster regeneration of vascularized bone tissue. The tunable physical and chemical cues derived from these nanofibrous‐microporous structures support the potential for silk cryogels in bone tissue regeneration.
Dually Crosslinked Copper‐Poly(tannic acid) Nanoparticles with Microenvironment‐Responsiveness for Infected Wound Treatment
Authors: Li Dongying , Li Jiarun , Wang Siwei , Wang Qinmei , Teng Wei
Published: February 2023

Reducing the burden of death due to wound infection is an urgent global public health priority. Metal‐phenolic networks (MPNs) have received widespread attention in antimicrobial infections due to their facile synthesis process, excellent biocompatibility, and antimicrobial properties brought about by polyphenols and metal ions. However, typical therapeutic MPNs show rapid release of metal ions due to their poor solution stability, impeding long‐acting efficacy in multiple wound healing stages. To address these issues, copper‐poly (tannic acid) nanoparticles (Cu‐PTA NPs): robust (dually crosslinked), microenvironment‐responsive, antibacterial, antioxidative, and anti‐inflammatory are prepared, which hierarchically modulate the infected wound healing process. Covalently polymerized via phenol‐formaldehyde condensation and crosslinked with bioactive Cu2+, reactive polyphenols are preserved, and Cu2+ is efficiently entrapped in the PTA scaffold. The proposed strategy relieves the systemic toxicity, and only high reactive oxygen species (ROS)level as stimuli can “turn on” the catalytic activity of Cu2+ to implement antibacterial therapy specifically in an infected wound. Systematic tissue regeneration assessment on the infected full‐thickness skin wounds of rats demonstrates enhanced wound healing rate. Cu‐PTA NPs enables the direct application in infected wound and exertion of long‐acting healing efficacy. This synergetic therapy strategy will pave the way for more complicated infections and inflammatory diseases.
Zinc‐Contained Alloy as a Robustly Adhered Interfacial Lattice Locking Layer for Planar and Stable Zinc Electrodeposition
Authors: Ji Jie , Zhu Zhenglu , Du Haoran , Qi Xiaoqun , Yao Jia , Wan Houzhao , Wang Hao , Qie Long , Huang Yunhui
Published: February 2023

Stable zinc (Zn)/electrolyte interface is critical for developing rechargeable aqueous Zn‐metal batteries with long‐term stability, which requires the dense and stable Zn electrodeposition. Herein, an interfacial lattice locking (ILL) layer is constructed via the electro‐codeposition of Zn and Cu onto the Zn electrodes. The ILL layer shows a low lattice misfit (δ = 0.036) with Zn(002) plane and selectively locks the lattice orientation of Zn deposits, enabling the epitaxial growth of Zn deposits layer by layer. Benefiting from the unique orientation‐guiding and robustly adhered properties, the ILL layer enables the symmetric Zn||Zn cells to achieve an ultralong life span of >6000 h at 1 mA cm−2 and 1 mAh cm−2, a low overpotential (65 mV) at 10 mAh cm−2, and a stable Zn plating/stripping for >90 h at an ultrahigh Zn depth of discharge (≈85%). Even with a limited Zn supply and a high current density (8.58 mA cm−2), the ILL@Zn||Ni‐doped MnO2 cells can still survive for >2300 cycles.
Metal‐Redox Bicatalysis Batteries for Energy Storage and Chemical Production
Authors: Yan Shichen , Feng Yangyang , Lin Jing , Wang Yaobing
Published: February 2023

New types of electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices based on redox electrocatalytic reactions possess great potential in renewable energy to maximize energy utilization and balance environmental issues. The typical device is the metal‐redox bicatalysis battery, where the cathode is redox bifunctional catalyst (named as redox bicatalyst) with gas, solid, liquid as active reactants while anode is metal, driven by cathodic redox electrocatalytic reactions during charge/discharge processes, which promotes the energy storage and chemical production. In this system, the metal anode, redox‐bicatalyst cathode, electrolytes, and the redox electrochemical reactions can be modified and adjusted to achieve the optimal energy conversion and utilization. Therefore, the deep understanding of the electrochemical system is conducive to designing new devices to meet the demand among various applications, including energy storage and conversion. In this review, the authors clarify the fundamentals and design principles of the rechargeable/reversible metal‐redox bicatalysis batteries and how each part affects the devices in energy conversion and chemical production. The authors summarize the electrocatalytic reduction/oxidation reactions, the reported systems relied on redox reactions, and the corresponding redox bicatalysts. Finally, a perspective of the key challenges and the possible new types of metal‐redox bicatalysis batteries for efficient energy utilization and chemical production are given.
Antisolvent‐Assisted In Situ Cation Exchange of Perovskite Quantum Dots for Efficient Solar Cells
Authors: Jia Donglin , Chen Jingxuan , Zhuang Rongshan , Hua Yong , Zhang Xiaoliang
Published: February 2023

Cesium‐formamidinium lead iodide perovskite quantum dots (FAxCs1−xPbI3 PQDs) show high potential for next‐generation photovoltaics due to their outstanding optoelectronic properties. However, achieving composition‐tunable hybrid PQDs with desirable charge transport remains a significant challenge. Herein, by leveraging an antisolvent‐assisted in situ cation exchange of PQDs, homogeneous FAxCs1−xPbI3 PQDs with controllable stoichiometries and surface ligand chemistry are realized. Meanwhile, the crystallographic stability of PQDs is substantially improved by substituting the cations of the PQDs mediated by surface vacancies. Consequently, PQD solar cell delivers an efficiency of 17.29%, the highest value among the homostructured PQD solar cells. The high photovoltaic performance is attributed to the broadened light harvesting spectra, flattened energy landscape, and rationalized energy levels of highly oriented PQD solids, leading to efficient charge carrier extraction. This work provides a feasible approach for the stoichiometry regulation of PQDs to finely tailor the optoelectronic properties and tolerance factors of PQDs toward high‐performing photovoltaics.
Combined Chemoradionuclide Therapy Using Poly(ε‐caprolactone‐b‐ethylene oxide) Micelles as the Delivery Vehicle
Authors: Liu Huanhuan , Nadar Robin A. , Fauzia Retna Putri , Laan Adrianus C. , Doeswijk Britt , Wang Runze , van de Meer Astrid , van Cooten Quenteijn , Carroll Elizabeth C. M. , Eelkema Rienk , Denkova Antonia G.
Published: February 2023

Combination of therapies is a common strategy in cancer treatment. Such combined therapies only have merit provided that there is superior therapeutic outcome with fewer side effects, compared to single therapies. Here, this work explores the possibility to combine chemotherapy with radionuclide therapy using polymeric micelles as a delivery vehicle. For this purpose, this work prepares poly(ε‐caprolactone‐b‐ethylene oxide) (PCL‐PEO) micelles and load them simultaneously with paclitaxel (PTX) and 177Lu(III). This work chooses a 3D tumor spheroid composed of glioblastoma cells (U87) to evaluate the combined treatment. The diffusion of the micelles in the spheroid is investigated by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and light‐sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM). The results show that the micelles are able to penetrate deep into the spheroid within 24 h of incubation and mainly accumulated around or in the lysosomes once in the cell. Subsequently, this work evaluates the cell killing efficiency of the single treatments (PTX or 177Lu(III)) versus combined treatment (PTX + 177Lu(III)) by measuring the growth of the spheroids as well as by performing a cell‐viability assay. The results indicate that the combined therapy achieves a superior therapeutic outcome with better cell growth inhibition and cell killing efficiency compared to the single treatments.
Recent Advances in Modified Brain‐Targeting Drug Delivery Systems for Erythropoietin
Authors: Wang Xia , Yao Siqi , Xiao Jing , He Li , Yang Qiankui , Ming Li , He Yue , Zhang Yuping , Wu Zhifeng
Published: February 2023

Erythropoietin (EPO) is an excellent neuroprotective molecule that decreases the extent of injury caused by various pathologies of the brain, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and stroke. However, due to the low permeability of the blood‒brain barrier (BBB), a high dose or even an overdose of EPO injections is often administered to achieve a sufficient EPO concentration in the brain. This often leads to many serious adverse reactions. Several studies have presented promising strategies for overcoming the BBB to deliver EPO. These methods include the formation of EPO modified by receptor‐mediated transcytosis targeting fusion proteins, cell‐penetrating peptides, and nanomaterials. In this review, the clinical progress of modified brain‐targeting drug delivery systems of EPO is summarized to provide a scientific basis and new information on the application of EPO in treating diseases of the central nervous system. Here, the production, pharmacological effects, and mechanism of action of the modified EPO, as well as the limiting factors and countermeasures are discussed.
Cutting balloon to optimize predilation for stent implantation: The COPS randomized trial
Authors: Mangieri Antonio , Nerla Roberto , Castriota Fausto , Reimers Bernhard , Regazzoli Damiano , Leone Pier P. , Gasparini Gabriele L. , Khokhar Arif A. , Laricchia Alessandra , Giannini Francesco , Casale Fulvio , Bezzeccheri Andrea , Briguori Carlo , Colombo Antonio
Published: February 2023

Objectives

The objective of this study is to investigate the use of cutting balloon (CB) inflated at high pressure compared with noncompliant balloon (NCB) for the treatment of calcified coronary lesions.

Background

No data are available regarding the safety and efficacy of CB inflated at high pressure in coronary artery calcifications.

Methods

Patients with calcified lesions (more than 100° of calcium demonstrated at baseline intravascular ultrasound) were randomized. Primary endpoint of the study was the final minimal stent area (MSA) and stent symmetry in the calcific segment. Secondary endpoints included rate of device failure and the 1‐year rate of target lesion revascularization, target vessel revascularization, and major adverse cardiovascular events.

Results

From September 2019 to June 2021, a total of 100 patients were included and randomized; 13 patients were excluded for major protocol deviations. Lesions were complex (type B2/C n = 61 [71.2%]) with a mean arch of calcium of 266 ± 84°, a calcium length of 12 ± 6.6 mm. CB was inflated at comparable atmospheres when compared with NCB (18.3 ± 5 vs. 19 ± 4.5, p = 0.46). In the per‐protocol population, the final MSA at the level of the calcium site was significantly higher in the CB group (8.1 ± 2 vs. 7.3 ± 2.1, p = 0.035) with a higher eccentricity index achieved in the CB group (0.84 ± 0.07 vs. 0.8 ± 0.08, p = 0.013). Three device failure occurred in the CB group. One‐year follow‐up outcomes were comparable.

Conclusions

Treatment of calcified lesions with high‐pressure CB has a good safety profile and is associated with a larger MSA and higher eccentricity of the stent at the level of the calcium site compared with NCB.