bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trajetória socioprofissional da mulher na agronomia: uma questão de renda e da satisfação profissional
Authors: Szöllösi Teresa Daros , Dias Maria Sara De Lima
Published: November 2019

Este artigo é parte da pesquisa de mestrado: "Reflexões sobre a trajetória socioprofissionale o projeto de vida do egresso graduado em agronomia" na qual objetivou-se comparar arelação entre a trajetória de graduadas(os) no curso de Agronomia entre as décadas de1990e 2000. Estudo embasado teoricamente na psicologia social comunitária, propicia reflexõessobre o espaço profissional da mulher na engenharia agronômica. Espaço consideradocomo uma vinculação a um processo coletivo de luta das mulheres por uma comunidade deprofissionais. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, cuja metodologia é de cunho quantitativoe qualitativo, o instrumento utilizado foi um questionário eletrônico, desenvolvido para estapesquisa, a coleta de dados foi realizada através do e-mail das (os) egressas (os) graduadas(os). A análise foi realizada por meio do teste de Qui Quadrado e Análise de Conteúdo. Osresultados mostram que houve um aumento significativo da quantidade de mulheres a sediplomar no curso de Agronomia na década de 2000. Evidenciou-se redução salarial, nasegunda década, tanto para homens quanto para mulheres. Mas, a redução salarial dasmulheres é ainda mais evidente se comparada com a dos homens. Quanto à satisfação notrabalho atual, verificou-se redução significativa deste sentimento entre os profissionaisformados na década de 2000. A trajetória da mulher tem sido marcada pela percepção deque enfrentam um maior grau de dificuldade para conseguir emprego na área de formação.Tal quadro exige das políticas públicas uma maior preocupação para com a proteção aotrabalho da mulher engenheira agrônoma.
Marcia Cristina Bernardes Barbosa fala aos Cadernos de Gênero e Tecnologia
Authors: Casagrande Lindamir Salete
Published: November 2019

Nesta edição dos CGT apresentaremos a entrevista¹ com a Física, professorauniversitária e pesquisadora de gênero Marcia Barbosa. Marcia é, sem dúvidas,uma mulher ousada. Além de adentrar, se estabelecer e ser reconhecida em umcampo marcadamente masculino como a Física ela ousou associar suas atividadesneste campo com os estudos de gênero. Impossível? Para Marcia não. Ela é umexemplo de que é possível se dedicar a áreas do conhecimento aparentementedistantes umas das outras e ter sucesso e ser respeitada em ambas.Sua trajetória é invejável tendo recebido prêmios por sua atuação nestas duasáreas do conhecimento e, na atualidade (julho de 2017) é diretora da AcademiaBrasileira de Ciência. Ao longo de sua vida acadêmica e profissional se deparoucom momentos de preconceito e discriminação, mas superou-os com oconhecimento. Contra o conhecimento não há argumentos.Com esta entrevista que Marcia, tão generosamente nos concedeupoderemos conhecer um pouco de sua trajetória, de seu pensamento e estratégias(gostei do “cantinho do pensamento”) para superar as situações não tãoagradáveis e acredito que poderemos admirá-la ainda mais.Desejamos a todas e todos que esta leitura seja um momento agradável,estimulador e enriquecedor. Vamos a entrevista.
Elas fizeram parte da história da ciência e da tecnologia e são inventoras sim!
Authors: Incerti Tania Gracieli Vega , Casagrande Lindamir Salete
Published: November 2019

Este trabalho tem por objetivo discorrer sobre a participação das mulheres na ciência e na tecnologia. Para tal, brevemente falaremos das dificuldades e barreiras enfrentadas por essas para acessar e serem reconhecidas como “fazedoras” de ciência e tecnologia. Essas dificuldades, como veremos, têm marcas de um processo androcêntrico, presente na sociedade e transversalmente disposto na ciência e na tecnologia. Por fim, traremos à tona alguns nomes e breves relatos biográficos de mulheres que contribuíram com inventos utilizados até hoje ou que a partir de suas criações, usufruímos de inovações tecnológicas atualmente consideradas como indispensáveis. Esclarece-se que toda a pesquisa por esses nomes foi realizada a partir de sítios de buscas nacionais e internacionais. É importante destacar que algumas das mulheres inventoras não têm sua história devidamente visível e facilmente acessível nos sites de busca, tampouco foram merecedoras de estudos acadêmicos que registrassem suas trajetórias. Este artigo visa contribuir para diminuir esta lacuna e dar visibilidade a essas mulheres.
A disponibilidade para as carreiras nas áreas de ciências biológicas e saúde das egressas do programa de vocação científica da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz
Authors: Santos Bruna Navarone , Filipecki Ana Tereza Pinto , Nogueira Braga Cristiane , Cabral Félix de Sousa Isabela
Published: November 2019

O Programa de Vocação Científica (Provoc), primeira estratégia de Iniciação Científica no Ensino Médio no Brasil, recebe jovens nos laboratórios de pesquisa da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz) para participar de atividades científicas. Há uma predominância feminina nos trinta anos deste programa. Isto se dá numa instituição dedicada à saúde pública brasileira que atrai mais mulheres. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas de 2007 a 2010 com vinte e três moças e nove rapazes para conhecer mais sobre os/as egressos/as do Provoc. Neste estudo, investigamos se as escolhas e trajetórias acadêmicas e profissionais dos/as egressos/as do Provoc estão relacionadas à escolaridade dos pais, favorecendo a permanência. Também analisamos se as relações de gênero influenciam as escolhas por áreas acadêmicas consideradas femininas. No final, concluímos que moças mais do que os rapazes tinham perfis profissionais ligados às áreas de Ciências Biológicas e de Saúde.
Editorial
Authors: Casagrande Lindamir Salete , Luz Nanci Stancki da
Published: November 2019

Apresentação do número.
Curso E.M.I Técnico em Mecânica: o estágio e a questão de gênero
Authors: Surmani Josiane de Souza , Tortato Cíntia De Souza Batista
Published: November 2019

Este trabalho tem por finalidade compartilhar os resultados de uma pesquisa sobre as dificuldades das alunas do Curso de Ensino Médio Técnico em Mecânica de uma Instituição de ensino médio integrado ao técnico do litoral do Paraná em conseguir uma vaga de estágio. O presente artigo teve origem em um trabalho de conclusão do curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Sociais, em decorrência disso o objetivo deste artigo é tecer análises a partir da categoria gênero para compreender as supostas dificuldades femininas em comparação com as masculinas. A metodologia utilizada foi de levantamento bibliográfico relacionado à categoria gênero e a conceitos da sociologia do trabalho que trata da demarcação de gênero no trabalho. O levantamento de dados foi de forma qualitativa por meio de questionários com questões fechadas e mistas que tinha como objetivo levantar informações sobre a população pesquisada de forma geral e por sexo e entrevistas estruturadas com estudantes de forma a apreender as diferenças entre as estudantes e os estudantes na percepção geral sobre o estágio. Na análise dos resultados dos questionários, os primeiros resultados apontam que as estudantes e os estudantes enfrentam dificuldades diferentes, ligadas à construção social de gênero em nossa sociedade.
O estilo afro em evidência: problematizando as novas hierarquias da indústria de beleza para cabelos crespos
Authors: Jesus Camila Moreira de
Published: November 2019

Este trabalho tem por objetivo problematizar como a textura do cabelo crespo assume a centralidade da vida de mulheres negras ao ponto de produzir subjetividades negativas acerca da raça nos mais variados espaços sociais em que estejam inseridas, apesar dos avanços significativos que a luta antirracista tem produzido no resgate da autoestima destas mulheres. A partir de vivências individuais detalhadas em um relato de experiência, problematizo como traços fenotípicos, em especial a textura do cabelo, continuam a se configurar como uma categoria determinante na construção e positivação ou não da identidade negra, e como os debates em torno da sua “afirmação” ou “negação” têm perpetuado novas lógicas hierarquizantes dentro da pigmentocracia mantida na sociedade brasileira. Neste artigo foi desenvolvido um relato de experiência que é analisado a partir de revisão bibliográfica e dados recentes sobre a indústria de estética e o desenvolvimento de novos padrões de beleza.
"Isto é coisa para 'mulheres"': gênero e design no desenvolvimento de produtos para a sociedade
Authors: Mitsuko Ono Maristela , Gomes de Carvalho Marília
Published: November 2019

A partir de estudos sobre a questão de gênero e estudos de caso, realizados no setor industrial de eletrodomésticos, este artigo discute a relação entre gênero e design, a partir da análise do desenvolvimento de produtos industrializados, com base em pesquisas e conceitos que focalizam o público feminino e exploram o estereótipo social de gênero do "isto é coisa para 'mulheres'". Salienta a necessidade de uma maior ênfase na abordagem da questão da pluralidade de gêneros na gestão do desenvolvimento de produtos industrializados, de modo que estes acompanhem a dinâmica das transformações sociais e contribuam para um desenvolvimento mais equilibrado das relações de gênero, que depende, dentre outros fatores, de uma participação cooperativa de pessoas de diferentes gêneros na execução das atividades do cotidiano na sociedade.
A formação militar sob o enfoque de relações de gênero: uma experiência
Authors: Emi Takahashi Emilia
Published: November 2019

Este estudo tem como objetivo apresentar uma interpretação do processo de formação militar, considerando a entrada das mulheres, como cadetes, na única Academia das Forças Armadas a admiti-las em seus cursos de formação de oficiais no Brasil. Partindo de um enfoque sociológico dado à instituição militar e aos princípios que orientam a conduta neste tipo de instituição, coloca em discussão as relações de gênero decorrentes da participação da mulher. Ao final, traz dados de uma pesquisa empírica, sobre as vivências e representações de cadetes das primeiras turmas mistas acerca da profissão militar.
Avanço e perspectivas da atenção obstétrica no Brasil: reflexões a partir do "olhar" da ABENFO/PR
Authors: Ventura de Souza Kleyde , Da Silva Santos Rosângela
Published: November 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo incitar reflexões sobre a atenção obstétrica no Brasil, considerando os avanços, bem como as perspectivas neste campo de prática e de conhecimento, que, do ponto vista global, se insere no campo da saúde da mulher e, também, da saúde sexual e reprodutiva. Tratou-se de apontar os avanços, do ponto de vista de programas e políticas nacionais, como o PAISM e a Política Nacional de Atenção Integrada a Saúde da Mulher, recentemente lançada pelo MS. Destacou-se o movimento de humanização na assistência ao parto, com ênfase nas ações de organizações sociais e profissionais, como a ABENFO. Ressaltaram-se medidas governamentais de grande importância (edição de leis, portarias; capacitação profissional; produção de material de apoio para os profissionais; lançamento de campanhas). Com relação às perspectivas, sublinhou-se a urgente necessidade da consolidação da qualidade da atenção, em particular no âmbito do respeito aos direitos das mulheres. Para tanto, entende-se como de fundamental importância a implementação de ações no campo político, no campo da formação profissional e no campo da assistência, visando à diminuição de paradoxos que cercam as práticas da saúde, especialmente no quando se trata da saúde da mulher.
Novas rotas, novos vôos: a mulher ocupando espaço na educação e no trabalho
Authors: Mara Veronese Silvia
Published: November 2019

O objetivo desse texto é discutir sobre as relações sociais constituintes do gênero feminino, enquanto sujeito do corpo social, em sua inserção na formação aeronáutica. Tem como fundamentação as teorizações de Nietzsche e Foucault, em uma pesquisa genealógica focalizando a formação superior para tecnologia aeronáutica, onde a problemática busca esclarecer a causa do aumento de graduadas na aviação civil, área que era tradicionalmente de predomínio masculino. Paradigmas, mercado de trabalho, formação tecnológica e Estado, dispositivos que normalizam habilidades e competências dos sujeitos, organizando a atual sociedade do controle, são discutidos em cooperação com o deslocamento do poder dentro das relações, permitindo a busca de perspectivas para o gênero feminino. O trabalho destaca a excessiva valorização das interpretações verbais e sociais que conduziram à formação dos sujeitos, e o movimento social silencioso que promove a desconstrução de princípios institucionalizados, bem como sua repercussão nas identidades femininas. Aborda também, o movimento individual das mulheres em direção ao mercado de trabalho, passando pela formação superior, tomado como forma de expressão cultural reivindicatória, abrangendo as questões que envolvem as relações de poder entre os gêneros e as relações sociais entre trabalho e educação, que poderão se traduzir na definição de um espaço conquistado.
Gênero, performatividade e a experiência trans
Authors: Cabral Sierra Jamil
Published: November 2019

A partir de Foucault, dos Estudos de Gênero e das teorizações queer, este texto faz uma reflexão sobre a noção de gênero e de performatividade queer, especialmente no que se refere à articulação desses conceitos com a experiência trans (travestis, transexuais e transgêneros), a fim de mostrar em que medida o universo trans se constitui (ou não) como forma de resistência aos processos biopolíticos de controle dos corpos e da subjetividade.
Amor e gênero a serviço do casamento burguês em Senhora, de José de Alencar
Authors: Rodrigues Moreira Greiciellen
Published: November 2019

Este artigo é parte da dissertação de mestrado “Representações femininas e identidade nacional: uma leitura alegórica de Lucíola e Senhora, de José de Alencar”, desenvolvida no Mestrado em Estudos Literários da UNIMONTES. Em Senhora, nota-se, por meio das representações de gênero e de uma nova concepção pragmática sobre o amor, que José de Alencar apregoa um ideal burguês. Neste estudo, portanto, pretendeu-se evidenciar como o casamento burguês é representado na narrativa, observando-se o destaque que o romancista dá ao amor higiênico, uma vez que a sexualidade é vista sob uma nova perspectiva pelos higienistas oitocentistas, que atribuem a ela um papel fundamental para a saúde da família burguesa higienizada. A mulher é um elemento transformador na narrativa, uma vez que é por intermédio dela que o homem amado passa por um processo de aburguesamento.
Relações étnico-raciais e gênero na ciência: a situação da mulher negra no brasil
Authors: Marques de Medeiros Dias Jussara , Stancki da Luz Nanci
Published: November 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as abordagens sobre gênero e rela- ções étnico raciais na história da ciência e apresentar dados sobre a mulher negra pontuando a forma como a lei 12.711 de 2012 foi instituída na UTFPR, a partir de dados preliminares da engenharia civil (considerada predominantemente de homens) e da Licenciatura de Letras/Inglês (campo predominantemente de mulheres) no campus Curitiba. Também são analisadas as cotas raciais, destacando um recorte de gênero.
Soft Set Theory Based Decision Support System for Mining Electronic Government Dataset
Authors: Witarsyah Deden , Fudzee Mohd Farhan Md , Salamat Mohamad Aizi , Yanto Iwan Tri Riyadi , Abawajy Jemal
Published: November 2019

Electronic government (e-gov) is applied to support performance and create more efficient and effective public services. Grouping data in soft-set theory can be considered as a decision-making technique for determining the maturity level of e-government use. So far, the uncertainty of the data obtained through the questionnaire has not been maximally used as an appropriate reference for the government in determining the direction of future e-gov development policy. This study presents the maximum attribute relative (MAR) based on soft set theory to classify attribute options. The results show that facilitation conditions (FC) are the highest variable in influencing people to use e-government, followed by performance expectancy (PE) and system quality (SQ). The results provide useful information for decision makers to make policies about their citizens and potentially provide recommendations on how to design and develop e-government systems in improving public services.
Economics Like a Living
Authors: Larsen Torben
Published: November 2019

An introductory SWOT-analysis of economic growth by neoliberalist economics concludes that within a few decennia the success of neoliberalism has turned upside-down with more severe threats to humanity whereof that of the greenhouse effect has top-priority. The bioecological approach—approaching economics as an encapsulated discipline between ecology and brain science—identifies a Pigovian carbon emission tax (CET) as most effective towards the top-priority threat to humanity that of the green-house effect. However, in the short-term, the democratic center coalitions are too weak to implement CET, due asymmetric levels of economic knowledge between the profession of economists and the public. An accelerated public dissemination of bioecological economics is crucial to provide the option of political implementation of CET.
Pediatric critical care nurses' knowledge of cardiac dysrhythmias
Authors: Pettinger AM , Woods SL , Herndon SP
Published: November 2019

OBJECTIVE: To describe pediatric critical care nurses' knowledge of dysrhythmias in critically ill pediatric patients and relate this knowledge level to certain demographic variables (education, nursing experience, certification, supplemental training, area of employment and geographic region of residence). DESIGN: A descriptive survey. SETTING: American Association of Critical-Care Nurses' 19 geographic regions of the United States. PARTICIPANTS: Of 1000 questionnaires mailed to pediatric critical care nurses who were members of the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses in 1991, 356 responses were received (a response rate of 36%). INTERVENTION: A criterion-referenced, self-administered test regarding pediatric dysrhythmias and a demographic sheet randomly mailed to 1000 pediatric critical care nurses. Test results were analyzed and compared with demographic variables. RESULTS: The mean total test score was 66%. Significantly higher total test scores and selected subtest scores were demonstrated in relationship to the following variables: increased age; certification in pediatric advanced life support, advanced cardiac life support or adult critical care; increased years of adult critical care experience; advanced dysrhythmia courses and dysrhythmia self-study; and perceived knowledge level above that of the advanced beginner. CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric critical care nurses' overall knowledge of dysrhythmias was low. Knowledge strengths included recognition of basic and life-threatening dysrhythmias and calculation of basic ECG measurements. Knowledge deficits included importance of sinus bradycardia in the neonate, appropriate intervention for life-threatening dysrhythmias and calculation of an irregular heart rate. These deficits should be considered when planning continuing education programs for pediatric critical care nurses.
Professional nurse caring as perceived by critically ill patients: a phenomenologic study
Authors: Burfitt SN , Greiner DS , Miers LJ , Kinney MR , Branyon ME
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND: Critically ill patients have received little attention in the caring literature and yet are a population for whom caring behaviors are particularly important. OBJECTIVES: To describe patients' perceptions of caring exhibited by professional nurses in a critical care unit and to describe the meaning to the patients of these demonstrations of caring. METHODS: We used a phenomenologic approach for this descriptive study, which was conducted on 13 patients hospitalized in a critical care unit for at least 48 hours within 48 hours of their transfer from the unit. We asked them to respond to two open-ended questions and recorded all interviews on audio tapes that were transcribed verbatim. RESULTS: Caring in a critical care unit is attentive, vigilant behavior on the part of the nurse. This vigilance embodies nurturance and incorporates highly skilled, technical practices, as well as basic nursing care and beyond. Caring is a healing process of which lifesaving actions by the nurse are a part. Identifying the characteristics of the individuals involved in this healing process was one way of describing caring. Personal attributes of nurses, family members, and patients themselves are important in the descriptions of the caring process. These attributes are incorporated into the concept of mutuality. CONCLUSIONS: Caring is descriptive of a mutual process in which intentions are joined to form a shared experience. In this mutual process, healing is an outcome that might otherwise be elusive.
Increasing patient control of family visiting in the coronary care unit
Authors: Lazure LL , Baun MM
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND: Stress of coronary care unit admission and need for rest may contribute to a sense of helplessness, exacerbated by the unpredictability of visitor entry. Control over the environment, and particularly family visiting, could alleviate patient stress. OBJECTIVE: To determine if patient control of visit timing would minimize undesired psychophysiologic effects of coronary care unit visiting. METHODS: Data were collected at multiple points from 60 coronary care unit patients during the first 20 minutes of the evening visit and at visit end. Randomly assigned subjects used a visitor control device to communicate their wishes to potential visitors: red hallway light to restrict, and green to allow, visits. Dependent variables were heart rate and rhythm; premature ventricular contractions; systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressure; salivary cortisol; and finger temperature. Psychologic variables of visit stress versus comfort, perceived control of visits, and perceived rest between visits were measured by pre- and postvisit appraisals. RESULTS: Repeated measures analyses showed that over time, perceived control of visits and rest between visits were greater, and heart rate and diastolic blood pressure were lower for subjects with the visitor control device. Appraisal of visit stress increased slightly in this group. No statistically significant differences were found for possession of the visitor control device. Reaction to visitor entry was a short-term stress response, as indicated by increases in systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS: Based on positive comments, increased perceived control over visiting, and decreased blood pressure, the visitor control device was beneficial.
Dual chamber pacing in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy: a case study
Authors: Wackowski CA , Bierman PQ
Published: November 2019

Implantation of dual chamber pacemakers for symptoms associated with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy is being evaluated as an alternative treatment. The effectiveness of this intervention involves programming pacemaker parameters specific to the individual patient. We present a case of a patient diagnosed with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy who underwent dual chamber pacemaker implantation for symptoms refractory to medical therapy.
Suburban geriatric trauma: the experiences of a level I trauma center
Authors: DeKeyser F , Carolan D , Trask A
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND: As the mean age of the US population increases, so does the incidence of geriatric trauma. Investigators have shown that the elderly have high morbidity and mortality rates associated with traumatic injuries. OBJECTIVE: To compare the severity of injury, mortality, and functional outcomes of geriatric patients with younger patients admitted to a suburban trauma center. METHOD: A convenience sample of trauma patients who were 65 years old or older was compared with trauma patients who were 35 to 45 and 55 to 64 years old. Demographic data, injury data, Injury Severity Scores, Revised Trauma Scores, length of stay, and functional ability outcomes were abstracted from a trauma registry in aggregate form and then analyzed. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 766 subjects (age 35-45, n = 223; age 55-64, n = 135; age 65 and older, n = 408) with a mean age of 64.6 years. A larger percentage of the elderly were victims of falls; younger trauma patients were more likely to be victims of motor vehicle crashes. Significant differences were found between age groups on Glasgow Coma Scale scores. Revised Trauma Scores, and length of stay. Significant differences were not found on Injury Severity Scores, mortality rates, or functional outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Although anatomic injury severity of elderly patients was similar to that of younger patients, the elderly demonstrated greater physiologic compromise and longer hospital stays. Mortality rates were lower for the elderly group, but this result might be because a larger proportion of elderly patients were hospitalized with minor or moderate injuries.
Perceptions of Physicians, Nurses, and Respiratory Therapists About the Role of Acute Care Nurse Practitioners
Authors: Hoffman Leslie A. , Happ Mary Beth , Scharfenberg Carmella , DiVirgilio-Thomas Dana , Tasota Frederick J.
Published: November 2019

• Background Information about the contributions of acute care nurse practitioners to medical management teams in critical care settings is limited.

• Objective To examine contributions of acute care nurse practitioners to medical management of critically ill patients from the perspectives of 3 disciplines: medicine, respiratory care, and nursing.

• Methods Attending physicians, respiratory therapists, and nurses in 2 intensive care units were asked to list 3 advantages and 3 disadvantages of collaborative care provided by acute care nurse practitioners. Qualitative methods (coding/constant comparative analysis) were used to identify common themes and subthemes. Overall response rate was 35% (from 69% for attending physicians to 26% for nurses).

• Results Responses were grouped into 4 main themes: accessibility, competence/knowledge, care coordination/communication, and system issues. Acute care nurse practitioners were valued for their accessibility, expertise in routine daily management of patients, and ability to meet patient/family needs, especially for “long-stay” patients. Also, they were respected for their commitment to providing quality care and for their communication skills, exemplified through teaching of nursing staff, patient/family involvement, and fluency in weaning protocols. Physicians valued acute care nurse practitioners’ continuity of care, patient/family focus, and commitment. Nurses valued their accessibility, commitment, and patient/family focus. Respiratory therapists valued their accessibility, commitment, and consistency in implementing weaning protocols.

• Conclusion Responses reflected unique advantages of acute care nurse practitioners as members of medical management teams in critical care settings. Despite perceptions of the acute care nurse practitioner’s role as medically oriented, the themes reflect a clear nursing focus.
Malignant hyperthermia: nursing implications
Authors: Wolcott K , McDonnell A
Published: November 2019

This paper presents the pathophysiology, clinical symptoms, and a standard of care for the patient with MH. The information provided will assist the nurse in interpreting patient and technologic data to identify recurring episodes of MH, and prevent the negative outcomes associated with this syndrome.
Postarteriographic pressure dressings: two types
Authors: Blankenship RD , Clegg LA , Powell DT
Published: November 2019

Is there a difference in the numbers of tape injuries, hematomas, and recurrent bleeding episodes associated with the postarteriographic wound between the standard pressure dressing and the pelvic-girdle-type pressure dressing? The answers to these questions can be important to critical care nursing practices.
Pulmonary contusion: the hidden danger in blunt chest trauma
Authors: Ruth-Sahd L
Published: November 2019

Pulmonary contusion, known as the most common potentially lethal chest injury seen in this country, necessitates aggressive nursing assessment and diagnosis if treatment is to be effective and prognosis improved. Initial chest x-rays will usually not display the severity of the contusion. The nurse maintains a high index of suspicion for pulmonary contusion when assessing chest trauma patients. By monitoring ventilatory parameters to assess oxygenation, the nurse acknowledges that hypoxemia is the hallmark clinical sign. Through comprehension of the different mechanisms of injury, the role of chest compliance, and the pathologic alterations, the critical care nurse delivers skillful and knowledgeable care to the patient with a pulmonary contusion.
Overlapping stents with coil sandwich for ruptured blood-blister aneurysm in a patient with ipsilateral persistent primitive trigeminal artery: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Maeoka Ryosuke , Nakagawa Ichiro , Ohnishi Hiroyuki , Nakase Hiroyuki
Published: November 2019

Ruptured blood-blister aneurysms (RBBAs) of the intracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) are associated with high morbidity and mortality. RBBA has been treated with trapping with high-flow bypass avoiding manipulation of RBBA. In case of the presence of persistent primitive trigeminal artery (PPTA), it is necessary to preserve the antegrade blood flow of PPTA because avoiding ischemic complications. Here, we present a case of RBBA concomitant with ipsilateral PPTA successfully treated with multistaged overlapping braided stents maintaining PPTA flow. A 30-year-old woman suffered from headache and was diagnosed RBBA of the intracranial ICA concomitant with ipsilateral PPTA. A reconstructive endovascular treatment using low-profile visualized intraluminal support (LVIS) stent was performed. However, it has recurred, and RBBA has finally been occluded after overlapping LVIS stents with coil sandwich that is not yet reported in the literature. We report the first case of overlapping LVIS stents with coil sandwich for RBBA.
Inflammatory and Vascular Correlates of Mood Change Over 8 Weeks
Authors: Birdsall Jonathan W. , Schmitz Samantha L. , Abosi Oluchi J. , DuBose Lyndsey E. , Pierce Gary L. , Fiedorowicz Jess G.
Published: November 2019

Background:

Mood disorders have been associated with a variety of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, including inflammation and large arterial stiffness, particularly while depressed, although longitudinal studies have been limited.

Materials and Methods:

With measurements at baseline and 8 weeks, the researchers prospectively assessed mood, levels of inflammatory markers (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α]), serum lipids, and large arterial stiffness in a cohort of 26 participants with a diagnosis of a mood disorder, enriched for current depression. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Montgomery–Šsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) at baseline and 8 weeks. Associations between depressive symptoms and other measures were assessed using linear mixed models, unadjusted and adjusted for age and body mass index.

Results:

The mean age of the participants (n = 26) was 41.6 (standard deviation [SD] 12.8) years, and 81% were female. During the study, there was a mean (SD) MADRS score improvement of 9.5 (9.4) from baseline to 8 weeks. Reductions in the primary outcome of tumor necrosis factor-α with improvement in depression fell short of statistical significance (P = 0.076). In secondary analyses, there was a statistically significant association between improved cholesterol ratio (P = 0.038) and triglycerides (P = 0.042) with improvement in depression. There was no statistically significant change in large arterial stiffness during the study.

Conclusion:

Improved depressive symptoms were associated with improved cholesterol ratios even after adjustment, suggesting a possible mechanism by which acute mood states may influence CVD risk. Future longitudinal studies with extended and intensive follow-up investigating CVD risk related to acute changes and persistence of mood symptoms are warranted.
Sleep Electroencephalography Power Spectral Response to Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Insomnia Rats
Authors: Luo Man , Li Liang , Zhang Jinling , Guo Xiao , Zhao Bin , Li Shaoyuan , Yang Yong , Liu Shiqin , Wang Yu , Li Suxia , Jiao Yue , Zhao Yufeng , Rong Peijing
Published: November 2019

Background:

Insomnia is a prevalent sleep disorder and strong risk factor for poor quality of life, depression, and other lifestylerelated diseases.

Objectives:

To investigate the effect of the transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) on sleep electroencephalographic (EEG) in the para-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) insomnia rats.

Methods:

Rats were divided into control, model, taVNS and sham taVNS (stnVNS) (stimulate the auricular margin, as transcutaneous none VNS, stnVNS) group (n=6 in each group). A week before the experiment, the electrodes were fixed to the skull of all the rats for recording the sleep EEG. PCPA was used to establish insomnia models. The rats of taVNS and stnVNS group were treated via an electroacupuncture apparatus for seven consecutive days, and simultaneously, the sleep EEG were recorded for all groups after the treatment daily. And the power spectrum analysis was used in this experiment.

Results:

After modeling, the percentage of power spectrum of delta frequency band significantly decreased, while the theta, alpha, and beta frequency bands significantly increased in the model group compared to the control group. After intervention, the percentage of the delta frequency band significantly increased in the taVNS group as compared to the stnVNS group.

Conclusion:

These results suggest that taVNS can significantly modulate the power spectrum of the delta frequency band and may constitute a potential low-cost alternative for the treatment of insomnia.
Modelling for Collective Effect of Muffler Geometric Modifications and Blended Microalgae Fuel Use on Exhaust Performance of a Four-Stroke Diesel Engine: A Computational Fluid Dynamics Approach
Authors: Kanchan Sumit , Choudhary Rajesh , Brahmaiah Chavagani , Qayoom Shahid
Published: November 2019

Engine performance significantly depends on the effective exhaust of the combustion gases from the muffler. With stricter BSVI norms more efficient measures have to be adopted to reduce the levels of emissions from the exhaust to the atmosphere. Muffler along with reducing the engine noise is intended to control the back pressure as well. Back pressure change has a significant effect on muffler temperature distribution which affects the NOx emission from the exhaust. Many research communications have been made to reduce the exhaust emissions like HC, CO and CO2 from the exhaust by using different generation biofuels as an alternative fuel, yet they have confronted challenges in controlling the NOx content from the exhaust.

This work presents the combined effect of Muffler geometry modifications and blended microalgal fuel on exhaust performance with an aim to reduce NOx emission form a four-stroke engine. In this exertion, the computational fluid dynamics model is developed to analyze the effect of muffler geometry modification on vital exhaust parameters of an engine. The engine is powered with a blend of chlorella microalgae and diesel. The engine used for testing is a four-stroke diesel, water-cooled, SOHC engine. The muffler geometry such as Chambered Elliptic (CE), and Turbo Elliptic (TE) are designed for study. The reference for designing the mufflers in CREO was published literature and company product blueprints. The combined effect of muffler geometry modification and blended microalgal fuel use on back pressure, chamber temperature, pressure and velocity distribution are deliberated.

The result shows that the chambered elliptic muffler using B5 (5% Algal fuel) developed significantly less exhaust temperature, whereas the gas density is more in case of turbo elliptic muffler using B20 (20% Algal fuel). Finally, the velocity is slightly higher in the case of Turbo Elliptic (TE) muffler using B20 blend. Significant decrease in back pressure was noted for B20 blended fuel in case of TE over CE. The exhaust temperature was notably reduced in all B5 blends for all muffler’s geometries created. The work also aims to explore the effect on NOx emissions by analyzing the use of the combined effect of microalgae fuel and muffler geometry modifications on exhaust parameters by controlling the back pressure in the muffler. Almost no research is reported in this [1] field of work for microalgal fuels which is the objective of this work.
Development of a Graphical User Interface (GUI) Based Tool for Vehicle Dynamics Evaluation
Authors: Kedia Shubham , Joshi Divyanshu , Muthiah Saravanan
Published: November 2019

Objective metrics for performance evaluation of ride, handling and steering are required to compare, validate and optimize dynamic behavior of vehicles. Some of these objective metrics are recommended and defined by International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), which involve data processing, statistical analysis and complex mathematical operations on acquired data through simulation or experimental testing. Due to the complexity of operations and volume of data, evaluation is often time consuming and tedious. Process automation using existing tools such as MS Excel, nCode, Siemens LMS, etc. includes several limitations and challenges, which make it cumbersome to implement. This work is about development of a centralized platform for quantification, visualization and comparison of ride, handling and steering performance metrics obtained from testing and simulation data as per relevant ISO standards. In this work ISO standards related to ride (ISO 2631-1, 2631-5, 10326), handling (ISO 4138, 7401) and steering (ISO 13674-1) are implemented and automated using built-in functions and toolboxes in MATLAB. Further, several mathematical tools and operations such as plot comparisons in time and frequency domain, filtering (band pass), data treatment (detrending, median filtering, etc.), coherence and delays, etc. are included, which are frequently used in addition to standard ISO and SAE metrics. Complete package is compiled as a user-friendly standalone graphical user interface (GUI), which enables cross-domain users to make use of it with minimal tool usage guidelines and with no license requirement.
Lynda Benglis
Authors: Richmond Susan
Published: November 2019

In four decades of abstract art practice, Lynda Benglis has not merely challenged the status quo. She has tied it in knots, melted it down and poured it across the floor, cast it in glass, clay and bronze. Daring and sometimes outrageous, her intense and provocative practice has produced some of the most iconic pieces of art from the late twentieth century. Richmond gives serious critical attention to work often dismissed as trivial and rootless, recovering the themes that link the different phases of the artist’s quest to capture the ‘frozen gesture’. Whether challenging popular tastes and definitions of art with her 1970s abstract knotwork or mocking puritanical aesthetics of gender with her colourful latex pourings and their allusions to corporeal topographies, Benglis never failed to provoke. Her sculptures commemorate and celebrate the processes of creation themselves, combining architectonic abstraction and feminized sensuality in a haunting, visceral theme of the strangeness of the body that runs through all her experiments in glass, video, metals, ceramics, gold leaf, paper and plastics.

Lynda Benglis: Beyond Process examines in depth the work and critical neglect of an artist who, perhaps more than any of her contemporaries, changed the face of American art in the 1960s and 1970s, and continues to fetishise, provoke and demand your attention.
Junk
Authors: Whiteley Gillian
Published: November 2019

Trash, garbage, rubbish, dross, and detritus - in this enjoyably radical exploration of ‘Junk’, Gillian Whiteley rethinks art's historical and present appropriation of junk within our eco-conscious and globalised culture. She does this through an illustrated exploration of particular materials, key moments and locations and the telling of a panoply of trash narratives. Found and ephemeral materials are primarily associated with assemblage - object-based practices which emerged in the mid-1950s and culminated in the seminal exhibition ‘The Art of Assemblage’ in New York in 1961. With its deployment of the discarded and the filthy, Whiteley argues, assemblage has been viewed as a disruptive, transgressive artform that engaged with narratives of social and political dissent, often in the face of modernist condemnation as worthless kitsch. In the Sixties, parallel techniques flourished in Western Europe, the US and Australia but the idiom of assemblage and the re-use of found materials and objects - with artist as bricoleur - is just as prevalent now. This is a timely book that uncovers the etymology of waste and the cultures of disposability within these economies of wealth.
Art as Enterprise
Authors: McQuilten Grace , White Anthony
Published: November 2019

Art is produced, circulated, consumed and disseminated within an economic system - it depends on money for its creation, for the livelihood of its makers, and for its distribution. In this sense, art can be understood as an enterprising activity. However, profit-making is rarely the primary goal of artists, and indeed the entanglement of art with enterprise generates significant aesthetic, conceptual, philosophical and ethical challenges for contemporary art practice. Social enterprise has emerged from this complex terrain with the promise of an alternative model of economic organisation in the arts. Grace McQuilten and Anthony White argue that artists can, and have, engaged critically in the commercial market, by way of this model. Art as Enterprise brings a fresh perspective to the debate about the roles of contemporary art in consumer capitalist society.
Optimization of a gas chromatographic unit for measuring biogenic volatile organic compounds in ambient air
Authors: Mermet Kenneth , Sauvage Stéphane , Dusanter Sébastien , Salameh Thérèse , Léonardis Thierry , Flaud Pierre-M. , Perraudin Émilie , Villenave Éric , Locoge Nadine
Published: November 2019

Abstract. A new online gas chromatographic method dedicated to
biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) analysis was developed for the
measurement of a 20 BVOC gaseous mixture (isoprene; β-pinene; α-pinene; limonene; ocimene; myrcene; sabinene; Δ3-carene; camphene; 1,8 cineole; terpinolene; linalool; α-phellandrene; nopinone; citral; α-terpinene; β-caryophyllene; p-cymene; γ-terpinene; and 2-carene) at a time
resolution of 90 min. The optimized method includes an online
Peltier-cooled thermodesorption system sample trap made of Carbopack B
coupled to a gas chromatographic system equipped with a 60 m, 0.25 mm internal diameter (i.d.)
BPX5 column. Eluent was analysed using flame ionization detection (FID). Potassium
iodide was identified as the best ozone scrubber for the 20 BVOC mixture. In
order to obtain an accurate quantification of BVOC concentrations, the
development of a reliable standard mixture was also required. Quantification
of BVOCs was reported with a detection limit ranging from 4 ppt for α-pinene to 19 ppt for sabinene. The main source of uncertainty was the
calibration step, stressing the need for certified gaseous standards for a
wider panel of BVOCs. This new method was applied for the first time to
measure BVOCs in a pine forest during the LANDEX episode 1 field campaign
(summer 2017). All target BVOCs were detected at least once during the
campaign. The two major monoterpenes observed were β-pinene and
α-pinene, representing 60 % of the measured terpenoid
concentration on average, while isoprene represented only 17 %. The uncertainties
determined were always below 13 % for the six major terpenes.
Electron heating by HF-pumping of high-latitude ionospheric
F-region plasma near magnetic zenith
Authors: Leyser Thomas B. , Gustavsson Björn , Rexer Theresa , Rietveld Michael T.
Published: November 2019

Abstract. High frequency electromagnetic pumping of ionospheric F-region plasma at high and mid latitudes gives the strongest plasma response in magnetic zenith, antiparallel to the geomagnetic field in the northern hemisphere. This has been observed in optical emissions from the pumped plasma turbulence, electron temperature enhancements, filamentary magnetic field-aligned plasma density irregularities, and in self-focusing of the pump beam in magnetic zenith. We present results of EISCAT (European Incoherent SCATter association) Heating-induced magnetic-zenith effects observed with the EISCAT UHF incoherent scatter radar. With Heating transmitting a left-handed circularly polarised pump beam towards magnetic zenith, the UHF radar was scanned in elevation in steps of 1.0° and 1.5° around magnetic zenith. The electron energy equation was integrated to model the electron temperature and associated electron heating rate and optimized to fit the plasma parameter values measured with the radar. The experimental and modeling results are consistent with pump wave propagation in the L mode in magnetic zenith, rather than in the O mode.
Weathering rates in Swedish forest soils
Authors: Akselsson Cecilia , Belyazid Salim , Stendahl Johan , Finlay Roger , Olsson Bengt A. , Erlandsson Lampa Martin , Wallander Håkan , Gustafsson Jon Petter , Bishop Kevin
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Soil and water acidification was internationally
recognised as a severe environmental problem in the late 1960s. The
interest in establishing “critical loads” led to a peak in weathering
research in the 1980s and 1990s, since base cation weathering is the
long-term counterbalance to acidification pressure. Assessments of
weathering rates and associated uncertainties have recently become an area
of renewed research interest, this time due to demand for forest residues to
provide renewable bioenergy. Increased demand for forest fuels increases the
risk of depleting the soils of base cations produced in situ by weathering.
This is the background to the research programme Quantifying Weathering
Rates for Sustainable Forestry (QWARTS), which ran from 2012 to 2019. The
programme involved research groups working at different scales, from
laboratory experiments to modelling. The aims of this study were to (1) investigate the variation in published weathering rates of base cations from
different approaches in Sweden, with consideration of the key uncertainties
for each method; (2) assess the robustness of the results in relation to
sustainable forestry; and (3) discuss the results in relation to new insights
from the QWARTS programme and propose ways to further reduce uncertainties.
In the study we found that the variation in estimated weathering rates at
single-site level was large, but still most sites could be placed reliably
in broader classes of weathering rates. At the regional level, the results
from the different approaches were in general agreement. Comparisons with
base cation losses after stem-only and whole-tree harvesting showed sites
where whole-tree harvesting was clearly not sustainable and other sites
where variation in weathering rates from different approaches obscured the
overall balance. Clear imbalances appeared mainly after whole-tree
harvesting in spruce forests in southern and central Sweden. Based on the
research findings in the QWARTS programme, it was concluded that the
PROFILE/ForSAFE family of models provides the most important fundamental
understanding of the contribution of weathering to long-term availability of
base cations to support forest growth. However, these approaches should be
continually assessed against other approaches. Uncertainties in the model
approaches can be further reduced, mainly by finding ways to reduce
uncertainties in input data on soil texture and associated hydrological
parameters but also by developing the models, e.g. to better represent
biological feedbacks under the influence of climate change.