bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Remimazolam: pharmacological characteristics and clinical applications in anesthesiology
Authors: Kim Kyung Mi
Published: January 2022

A novel ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine (BDZ), remimazolam (CNS 7056), has been designed by ‘soft drug’ development to achieve a better sedative profile than that of the current drugs. Notably, the esterase linkage in remimazolam permits rapid hydrolysis to inactivate metabolites by non-specific tissue esterase and induces a unique and favorable pharmacological profile, including rapid onset and offset of sedation and a predictable duration of action. Similar to other BDZs, its sedative effects can be reversed using flumazenil, a BDZ antagonist. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of remimazolam are characterized by relatively high clearance, small steady-state volume of distribution, short elimination half-life, short context-sensitive half-life, and fast onset and recovery, indicating rapid elimination, minimal tissue accumulation, and good control. In addition, remimazolam possesses a superior safety profile, including low liability for cardiorespiratory depression and injection pain, making it a preferred hypnotic agent in various clinical settings. Early clinical investigations suggest that remimazolam is well tolerated and effective for procedural sedation and for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. To date, however, the clinical use of remimazolam has been confined to a few volunteer studies and a limited number of clinical investigations. Therefore, further studies regarding its recovery issues or postoperative complications, characteristics of electroencephalogram changes, and cost-benefit analyses are required to facilitate its widespread use.
Systematic study and niche differentiation of the genus Aporocactus (Hylocereeae, Cactoideae, Cactaceae)
Authors: Rosas-Reinhold Isaura , Sánchez Daniel , Arias Salvador
Published: January 2022

Background: Aporocactus is an epiphytic or saxicolous genus that is endemic to Mexico and has a distribution restricted to cloud forests and pine-oak forests. As with many cacti, Aporocactus presents taxonomic conflicts, especially regarding species delimitation, since five species in this genus have been described and accepted by some authors, while others accept only two species.
Questions: How many species comprise Aporocactus? What are their relationships? Do these species show differences in their climatic preferences?
Studied species: The five putative species in Aporocactus were investigated.
Study site and dates: This study was conducted in 2015 and 2016. The collection sites were in Hidalgo, Puebla, Querétaro, Veracruz, and Oaxaca states, Mexico.
Methods: In this study, phylogenetic analyses were performed using chloroplast DNA markers from different Aporocactus populations and related genera, and ecological niche modeling techniques were also employed.
Results: The phylogenetic analyses indicated that Aporocactus is composed of only two species: A. flagelliformis and A. martianus . Additionally, the phylogenetic analyses corroborated that Aporocactus is an early diverging group related to Weberocereus and Selenicereus . Finally, niche modeling and niche identity testing indicated that the niches of the two species of Aporocactus are significantly differentiated and niches are more different than would be expected by chance.
Conclusions: Despite being a genus with only two species, Aporocactus represents a useful model for investigating such topics as the ecology of pollination, genetic populations, and flower development to characterize the evolution of these specialized cacti.
Erfahrungen mit Web-basierter As-Built-Dokumentation
Authors: Brendelberger Michael , Dubovy Martin
Published: January 2022

Das Bestreben, eine vollkommen integrierte CAE-Welt mit stets aktuellen Daten zu generieren, auf die alle Gewerke Zugriff haben, scheint ein wünschenswertes Ziel zu sein. Die Praxis zeigt jedoch, dass ein anderer Ansatz sinnvoller ist, denn Anlagenplanung, -montage und -betrieb stellen an die eingesetzten Werkzeuge völlig unterschiedliche Anforderungen. Das zeigt sich, wie in diesem textdata beschrieben wird, am Beispiel der BASF SE in Ludwigshafen, die 2010 begann, die elektronische Anlagendokumentation Livedok für den gesamten Standort einzuführen. Das System unterstützt die Betriebsphase der Anlage und sorgt für eine praxisgerechte Ankopplung an Planungssysteme.
Energie- und Lastmanagement in Automatisierungssystemen
Authors: Bartsch Marvin , Niemann Karl-heinz
Published: January 2022

Die zunehmende Integration von erneuerbaren Energieträgern erschwert die Gewährleistung einer stabilen Energieversorgung, insbesondere für elektrische Energie. Daraus leitet sich die Forderung ab, den Verbrauch von Energie zu reduzieren und zusätzlich zu flexibilisieren. Dieser Beitrag soll die Frage beantworten, wie Automatisierungstechnik als zentrale Komponente von Produktionssystemen helfen kann, diese Anforderung zu erfüllen. Um Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten in Bezug auf ein optimiertes Energie- und Lastmanagement abzuleiten, werden vier Bausteine definiert, die künftige Anforderungen an Energie- und Lastmanagement beschreiben.
LoRaWAN ein Baustein für NOA
Authors: Manske Hartmut , Eder Renato , Ulmke Benedikt
Published: January 2022

Das NAMUR-Open-Architecture-Konzept (NOA) beschreibt additive Strukturen, die an die klassische Automatisierungspyramide andocken und mittels deren Daten aus Produktionsanlagen zur  Einspeisung in den digitalen Zwilling bereitgestellt werden können. Kann die Long Range Wide Area Technologie (LoRaWAN) in diesem Kontext eingesetzt werden? Der LoRaWAN Funkstandard dient primär der Erfassung einer hohen Zahl von Teilnehmern mit niedriger Datenrate in urbanen Strukturen. BeimPiloteinsatz im industriellen Umfeld in der  Prozessindustrie zeigte sich, dass sich zahlreiche Anwendungsmöglichkeiten ergeben können.
Mixed-Reality-in-the-Loop Simulation
Authors: Jana Hönig , Schnierle Marc , Scheifele Christian , Spielmann Tobias , Münster Carlos , Roth Armin , Röck Sascha , Verl Alexander
Published: January 2022

Der X-in-the-Loop Entwicklungsprozess nimmt einen großen Stellenwert in der heutigen Entwicklung und Inbetriebnahme von Produktionssystemen im Maschinenbau ein. In Zukunft wird die Bedeutung der Aus- und Weiterbildung technischer Fachkräfte z.B. für den Betrieb der Anlagen weiter zunehmen. Zu diesem Zweck werden bislang im Engineering entstehende virtuelle Anlagenmodelle in Kombination mit modernen Visualisierungstechnologien nur vereinzelt eingesetzt. Dies ist neben dem großen Erstellungsaufwand auch auf die fehlende Konsistenz der Modelle zurückzuführen. Der Beitrag stellt dazu einen Lösungsansatz zur Verknüpfung von Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulationen mit modernen Visualisierungsmethoden zu einer Mixed-Reality-in-the-Loop Simulation vor. Die Funktionsfähigkeit des Konzepts wird an einem ausgewählten Produktionssystem nachgewiesen.
Managing Organisational Tensions in Cross-Sector Collaboration: The Case of Mediapolis
Authors: Virta Sari , Malmelin Nando
Published: January 2022

Cross-sector collaboration combining public (non-commercial) and private (commercial) organisational orientations is considered an advantageous and dynamic strategic approach to shared value creation and co-creative innovation in disruptive operational environments of media industries. However, cross-sector collaboration features inherent complexities and organisational tensions due to the fundamental differences between the actors’ strategies and operational models. This article explores organisational tensions and dualities in media work in the cross-sector collaboration of media clusters. The qualitative case study examines the development of the management approach and practical operations of the Finnish media cluster Mediapolis, which aims to produce value, especially through collaborative content and concept innovation. The case study builds on extensive empirical material collected since the Mediapolis project started in 2011 until 2018. The analysis focuses on the management of complexities and organisational tensions in implementing collaborative strategies at Mediapolis, as well as managing the shared operations and work of the cluster. The results reveal tensions between the core dualities in developing Mediapolis as a collaborative arrangement between the participating organisations in practice, despite shared strategic-level aspirations. The findings elaborate on the dynamics of different organisational orientations and business logics, discrepancies between visionary planning and practical actions, and opposing organisational interests and strategies as sources for organisational tensions in collaborative contexts. The article contributes to both the theoretical and practical knowledge on organisational tensions and their management in cross-sector collaboration in media cluster development and provides implications for managing respective complexities in media work.
Role of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in combination with an intraperitoneal port system in the treatment of patients with advanced ovarian cancer
Authors: Saevets V. V. , Privalov A. V. , Vazhenin A. V. , Shamanova A. Yu. , Mukhin A. A. , Taratonov A. V. , Semenov Yu.  A. , Shamaeva T.  N.
Published: January 2022

Background. The survival rate of patients with ovarian malignancies depends on the prevalence of the tumor process, the volume of surgical treatment, and the size of the residual tumor. At the first stage, an «aggressive» surgical tactic of removing all macroscopically determined tumor foci with subsequent antitumor drug therapy is recommended. However, the results of treatment remain unsatisfactory, which dictates the need to search for new methods of treatment.

Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of implantable port systems for intraperitoneal chemotherapy administration in the treatment of patients with advanced stages of ovarian cancer.

Materials and methods. 37 cases of stage IIIC ovarian cancer were studied for the period 2018–2019. At the first stage of treatment, a cytoreductive operation was performed. At the second stage, the patients were randomly randomized into three groups: group 1 (n = 9) – installation of a port system + hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion followed by intraperitoneal chemotherapy; group 2 (n = 11) – hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion followed by systemic intravenous chemotherapy; group 3 (n = 17) – control group, intravenous administration of antitumor drugs. The observation period is 27 months. In the study groups, the indicators of age distribution, the degree of malignancy of the neoplasm, the volume of the residual tumor, and the relapse-free survival were analyzed.

Results. Trends towards differences in progression-free survival were found in all study groups. In group 1, there was no relapse in all patients. In group 2, relapses amounted to 18.2 %, in group 3–23.5 %. G3 ovarian cancer (6 (66.7 %) and 6 (54.5 %) cases, respectively) prevailed in groups 1 and 2; G1 ovarian cancer (9 (52.9 %) cases) prevailed in group 3. Discussion. Features of the chemical composition and method of administration of the drug increase the effectiveness of local exposure to tumor cells. The introduction  of cytostatic agents into the abdominal cavity leads to minimal systemic toxicity, which exceeds the results of standard intravenous therapy.

Conclusion. An advantage in the relapse-free survival of patients after hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion in combination with an implantable port system was found in comparison with standard methods of treatment.
Essays on Expectations in Macroeconomics
Authors:   , Hajdini Ina , Airaudo Marco , Kurmann Andre
Published: January 2022

My dissertation studies and quantifies the implications of various expectations formation processes for what concerns macroeconomic fluctuations and monetary policy transmission. The first chapter (joint work with Marco Airaudo) studies the existence of Stochastic Consistent Expectations Equilibria (SCEE) in linear Markov regime switching models. A SCEE exists when the model-implied mean and first order autocorrelation coincide with those predicted by the agents via misspecified forecasting rules. For a simple regime-switching monetary policy model, the parametric space where at least one SCEE exists is rather wide, and may extend well beyond the rational expectations equilibrium determinacy frontier. Misspecified expectations combined with regime-switching yield a strong endogenous amplification mechanism that help generate the near unit root dynamics for inflation observed in the U.S. before the Great Moderation. The second chapter considers a New Keynesian model in which agents form expectations based on a combination of misspecified forecasts and myopia. The proposed expectations formation process is tested against Rational Expectations (RE), as well other assumptions about expectations, with inflation forecasting data from the U.S. Survey of Professional Forecasters. The paper then derives the general equilibrium solution consistent with the proposed expectations formation process and estimates the model with likelihood-based Bayesian methods. The paper yields three novel results: (i) Datastrongly prefer the combination of autoregressive misspecified forecasting rules and myopia over other alternatives, including RE; (ii) The best fitting expectations formation process for both households and firms is characterized by high degrees of myopia and simple AR(1) forecasting rules; (iii) Despite the absence of real rigidities typically found necessary for New Keynesian models with RE, the estimated model with autoregressive forecasts and myopia generates substantial internal persistence and amplification to exogenous shocks. The third chapter proves that in Full-Information RE models with exogenous Markov regime shifts, ex-post regime-dependent forecasting errors can be described by available information at the time of forecast and ex-ante forecasting revisions, separately. In economic environments with structural changes, the FIRE hypothesis gives rise to waves of over-and under-response of forecasters to current events as well as new aggregate information at the time of forecast. Using inflation and output growth forecasting data from the Survey of Professional Forecasters, the paper presents new evidence of such waves, consistent with implications of Full-Information RE in models with regime shifts. Finally, the framework and insights are generalized to any dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model with exogenous Markov shifts, whose RE solution can be written as a Markov Switching VAR process.
Peningkatan Kapasitas Pengelolaan dan Pelaporan Dana Desa
Authors: Junjunan Mochammad Ilyas , Nawangsari Ajeng Tita
Published: January 2022

The village fund law has mandated the government to allocate village funds for the welfare of the community in the village. Public understanding of the importance of accountability must be reported to the state is the main focus of this community service activity. This empowerment activity aimed to increase public understanding of the management and reporting funds in the Kebonsari Village, Candi, Sidoarjo Village. The program applied to learn by doing method in the form of practical learning. Activities were carried out in stages, including gathering information, implementing socialization training, mentoring, monitoring the management, and reporting activity funds for the community. The results showed an increase in the understanding and ability of community members in managing and reporting community activity funds in Kebonsari Village with entrepreneurial activities (salted eggs), handicrafts (Sayangan), and animal husbandry (Bebek Village). A total of 17 people out of 21 residents felt the beneficial impact of the activities was shown by the level of community satisfaction. Therefore, this activity should be promoted further with a different focus according to the problems found in the community to maintain and improve accountability culture by upholding the values of integrity and transparency in the management and reports of village funds in the future.
Culture, Education and Science of the Far Eastern Region
Authors: Vashchuk Angelina
Published: January 2022

The authors characterize the state, structure and dynamics of changes in the system of primary, secondary and higher education in the Far East from the appearance of the first schools to the end of the 1990s. It is noted that the Far Eastern education system, which developed in the context of all-Russian tendencies, had its own characteristics associated not only with the nature and rate of settlement of the region, its geopolitical status, but also with the specifics of economic development. The main historical stages of the development of science in the Far East, from the emergence of the first scientific institutions at the end of the 19th century to the present day are highlighted, the names of outstanding scientists, organizers of science are named, achievements in various fields of knowledge are shown, taking into account the specifics of the tasks in the development of fundamental and applied research. The main development directions of the artistic culture of the region from the second half of the 19th to the beginning of the 21st centuries, the most important events of artistic life are outlined, prominent cultural figures of the Far East are presented.
Rupture d’affiliation et continuité de la tradition chez des jeunes convertis à l’Islam au Québec : Une nouvelle anthropologie de la famille
Authors: Mossiere Geraldine
Published: January 2022

Parce qu’elles révèlent les apories des mécanismes de transmission identitaires familiales, les conversions religieuses peuvent donner des indications, informer, voire nuancer les dynamiques générationnelles qui semblent à l’œuvre dans les mouvements actuels de radicalisation. Partant de l’expérience de jeunes Québécois qui ont choisi d’entrer dans l’Islam, nous discutons l’hypothèse de fracture générationnelle (Roy 2002) en examinant les négociations, compromis et ajustements qui composent leurs rapports familiaux, notamment autour de l’enjeu de la célébration de Noël. Nous montrons que la critique morale qui amène les convertis à se dissocier de l’héritage identitaire légué par leurs parents les rapproche en fait du modèle familial de leurs grands-parents. Cette volonté de perpétuer une tradition lignagère portée par des valeurs morales traduit un projet social et politique axé sur des idéaux de convivialité et de solidarité.
Fluctuating asymmetry of some head structures and its possible causes
Authors: Żądzińska Elżbieta
Published: January 2022

The analysis of eight cephalometric paired characters of 1236 children aged 7 to 10 was carried out. The standardized variance of differences between right and left character values (R-L) and the correlations between right and left values of same individuals were used to assess the fluctuating asymmetry (FA) level of each character and each individual. The highest values of FA were observed for the width of the wings of the nose (ala) (al-sn) and for the length of the nostrils (na-np), and the lowest for the length of the auricle (sa-sba) and length of the mandibular body (go-gn). Using the multiple regression the associations between the FA of the head and characteristics of individuals at birth as well as selected prenatal factors were estimated. These variables as a complex explain about 8% of the FA variability. Heavier newborns with bigger head and smaller chest circumference are characterized by more symmetric faces. Among the analyzed prenatal factors the declared alcohol consumption by the mother and smoking cigarettes by the father increased the FA level of a child’s head.
​Development of Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica) based Laddu
Authors: Sudha K.V. , Karakannavar Sarojani J. , Inamdar Basavraj , Yenagi Nirmala B.
Published: January 2022

Background: Foxtail millet (Setaria italica) is the second-most widely planted species of millet. It is known for its health benefits. Laddu are ball-shaped sweets popular in the Indian Subcontinent. Laddus are made of flour, ghee and sugar with other ingredients that vary by recipe. They are often served at festive or religious occasions. Hence, an attempt was made to develop foxtail millet based value added laddu. Methods: Optimization of foxtail millet flour, ghee, sugar and roasting time was carried out. Sensory evaluation was done by nine point hedonic scale. Result: Standardization trials indicated that acceptable foxtail millet laddu could be developed by incorporating 50 per cent foxtail millet flour, 50 per cent bengal gram dhal flour, 45 per cent ghee, 75 per cent sugar powder and 40 minutes of roasting time in the standard laddu recipe. Physical and descriptive qualities of prepared laddus were also carried out. The nine-point hedonic scale was used for sensory evaluation. The developed foxtail millet laddu was highly accepted.
PEMIKIRAN ATEISME RICHARD DAWKINS:
Authors: Fadel Achmad , Mujtaba Hasan
Published: January 2022

History shows a constant debate between religionists and atheists. Armstrong wrote that any new concept of divinity that emerged in society and rejected established traditions would be labeled as atheist and marginalized. Today, one of the movements that are quite criticized by religious people is New Atheism. He has a great influence in the western world. Richard Dawkins, as the founder, composed a special work entitled God Delusion as a response to the rejection of the supernatural and personal concept of God through Argument from Improbability. He explained that the complexity of the universe is almost impossible to come from a simple entity, namely God, but at the same time, a complex creator also produces infinite regress. Therefore, he took the gradual evolution of the universe as an alternative explanation for the formation of nature. This article will interpret Richard Dawkins’ points of thought in God Delusion, and analyze them using the principles of logic and philosophy. As a result, the author found several weaknesses in the argument from improbability and the lens in viewing religion. First, the assumption of rejecting the argument of resentment is only to deny the supernatural concept of God. Second, the use of statistical probability arguments limited to natural laws does not lead to supernatural concepts. Third, complexity stems primarily from simplicity. Lastly, ignorance of the criteria for the existence of consequences for causes.
COVID-19: THREE PHASES OF THE PANDEMIC. Dynamics of cases, deaths and tests related to SARS-CoV-2 A systematic analysis of 213 countries and territories
Authors: Teppone Mikhail
Published: January 2022

- Background. Since the previous study dealing with the case fatality ratio and infection fatality ratio caused by COVID-19, the author has received many comments that prompted the question: "Why did an optimistic prognosis fail?" To answer this question, a more detailed and expanded analysis was carried out in a new study. - Objective. To evaluate the dynamics of monthly numbers of cases, deaths, tests and CFR worldwide during three phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. - Material and Methods. Twenty three sets of databases, dated the 22nd of each month from January 2020 to November 2021, for 213 countries were collected from the Worldometer website. The number of cases, deaths, tests, CFR, IFR, etc. were counted for various periods of time for each of the 213 countries, then results related to different periods of time were compared. - Results. The analysis of the main epidemiological parameters led to the division of three phases of the global pandemic evolution. The first phase (23.01.20-22.07.20), the second phase (23.07.20-22.01.21) and the third phase (23.01.21-22.07.21) were different in terms of the number of tests performed, new cases, and mortality due to COVID-19. By the end of the secondphase, the worldwide statistics indicated the imminent end of the pandemic, but the third phase was characterized by a sudden rise in the number of new cases and deaths that could not be explained rationally. The most dramatic evolution of the epidemic curve occurred in the countries where doctors had successfully battled COVID-19 during the first two phases of the pandemic. - Conclusions. Despite the decrease in overall death numbers during the latest months analyzed, additional study is necessary to identify the cause for the increase in the number of new cases and deaths during the third phase of the pandemic. Only complete information regarding the positive and negative impact of medical and non-medical methods of diagnostics and prophylaxis of COVID-19 can help to organize effective measures to end the current pandemic and prevent a similar one from occurring in the future. Presumably, there are several causes of the negative evolution of the current pandemic, including the overreliance on PCR tests, application of non-specialized premises for quarantine and treatment, decrease in herd and individual immunity, inadequate change of therapeutic protocols, and ignoring prophylactic treatment. It can be suggested that the use of immunemodulatory drugs, for example, thymus extract or thymic peptides, in groups of people with compromised immunity is necessary, and prophylactic and therapeutic protocols should be changed from the 'standard' types to 'personalized' ones.
EKOKRITIK PADA NOVEL KEKAL KARYA KALU KANCANA SERTA PEMANFAATANNYA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SASTRA DI SMA
Authors: Fatimah Yenny , Waluyo Herman J. , Waluyo Budi
Published: January 2022

Representasi kehidupan manusia yang tergambar di dalam karya sastra dapat hadir dalam berbagai macam bentuk, salah satunya berkenaan dengan lingkungan. Ekokritik merupakan teori kritis dalam pendekatan mutakhir untuk mengkritik sebuah wacana yang bertema lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan: (1) ekokritik yang terkandung dalam novel Kekal karya Jalu Kancana; (2) nilai pendidikan karakter yang terkandung dalam novel Kekal karya Jalu Kancana; dan (3) relevansi novel Kekal karya Jalu Kancana sebagai bahan ajar sastra di Sekolah Menengah Atas. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dan pendekatan ekokritik. Sumber data berupa dokumen dalam bentuk novel dan informan yang terdiri dari peserta didik dan guru. Subjek penelitian diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan analisis dokumen dan wawancara. Uji validitas yang digunakan yaitu triangulasi sumber data dan triangulasi metode. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis model mengalir. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) tema yang diangkat dalam novel adalah lingkungan serta banyak menyoroti ekokritik antropogenik meliputi: penjamahan cagar alam, perusakan dan pembukaan hutan, perusakan lingkungan, perdagangan karbon, dan ketidakpedulian terhadap hewan liar dan habitatnya; (2) nilai pendidikan karakter yang terkandung dalam novel meliputi religius, kerja keras, mandiri, gemar membaca, peduli lingkungan, peduli sosial dan tanggung jawab; dan (3) novel Kekal relevan dijadikan materi pembelajaran jika dilihat dari keterkaitannya dengan tujuan instruksional yang harus dicapai, juga dari aspek isi, penyajian, bahasa, dan kegrafikaan. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa hasil penelitian ini dapat memberi kontribusi terhadap perkembangan ekokritik di Indonesia. Selain itu, hasil penelitian ini memberikan gambaran tentang pentingnya memberikan pendidikan karakter terhadap peserta didik, utamanya mengenai peduli lingkungan.
PEMANFAATAN AUGMENTED REALITY UNTUK MELATIH KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR ABAD 21 DI PEMBELAJARAN IPA
Authors: Vari Yonatan , Bramastia Bramastia
Published: January 2022

Era Revolusi 4.0 ditandai dengan perkembangan internet dan teknologi digital. Era Revolusi 4.0 diyakini akan berpengaruh terhadap perubahan pembelajaran Sains yang mampu melatih keterampilan berpikir abad 21. Pembelajaran Abad 21 menekankan subjek pembelajaran terhadap siswa pada keterampilan dalam menggunakan Media, Informasi dan Teknologi; Keterampilan berpikir dan berinovasi. Augmented Reality merupakan inovasi teknologi yang sedang berkembang dan dimanfaatkan pada pembelajaran IPA oleh beberapa peneliti untuk melatih keterampilan Abad 21. Metode Penelitian merupakan penelitian studi literatur dengan menelaah sumber baik dari buku maupun jurnal terkait dengan Augmented Reality dan Keterampilan Abad 21Penelitian yang dilakukan beberapa peneliti saat ini yaitu memanfaatkan Augmented Reality untuk melatih keterampilan berpikir yang meliputi keterampilan berpikir kritis, keterampilan berpikir abstrak, dan kemampuan berpikir kreatif. Penelitian yang ada menemukan bahwa Augmented Reality dapat melatih keterampilan berpikir siswa pada pembelajaran IPA.
Hubungan Status Gizi dan Prestasi Belajar
Authors: Cahyanto Erindra Budi , Mulyani Sri , Nugraheni Angesti , Sukamto Ika Sumiyarsi , Musfiroh Mujahidatul
Published: January 2022

Latar belakang

Gizi merupakan salah satu faktor penentu utama kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia. Pemberian gizi yang kurang baik terutama terhadap anak dan remaja, akan menurunkan potensi sumber daya pembangunan masyarakat. Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi prestasi belajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan antara status gizi dengan prestasi belajar pada mahasiswa Diploma Kebidanan FK UNS tahun akademik 2018/2019.  

Metode

Penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional analitik dengan pendekatan  cross sectional. Populasi adalah mahasiswa prodi Sarjana Terapan Kebidanan FK UNS tahun akademik 2018/2019 yang hadir saat pengambilan data dan bersedia  menjadi subjek penelitian.  Data status gizi diperoleh melalui pengukuran indeks massa tubuh (BB/TB),  prestasi belajar dari nilai indeks prestasi pada sistem informasi akademik. Skala data kategorik dianalisis menggunakan uji sommers'd dengan bantuan program SPSS 21.

Hasil

Pengukuran status gizi menunjukan terdapat tiga mahasiswa dengan kategori kurus, lima orang gemuk dan sembilan belas normal. Mayoritas subjek dalam derajat kriteria 4 dengan indek prestasi 3,31 – 3,70.

Simpulan

Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara status gizi dan prestasi belajar dengan arah korelasi positif. Mahasiswa hendaknya memperhatikan status gizi agar memperoleh prestasi yang semakin baik

 
Anterior Column Reconstruction with Vascularized Rib After Thoracic Spondylectomy
Authors: Tobert Daniel G. , Yeung Caleb M. , Morse Christopher R. , Lee Sang-Gil , Schwab Joseph H.
Published: January 2022

Case:

A 35-year-old man with a chondrosarcoma of the thoracic spine was treated with neoadjuvant proton radiotherapy (RT), total en bloc spondylectomy (TES), and adjuvant RT. Multiple vertebrae were removed to ensure negative margins, which created a sizable midthoracic defect. A vascularized rib autograft was harvested and intussuscepted within a femoral allograft for reconstruction of the anterior column and supplemented with posterior and lateral instrumentation.

Conclusion:

This report demonstrates the feasibility of using a rib autograft within a femoral allograft sleeve to achieve immediate robust biomechanical support and eventual osseous union after thoracic TES for malignant tumors.
Neurophysiological Intraoperative Monitoring in Patients with Cochlear Implant Undergoing Posterior Spinal Fusion
Authors: Pan Tommy , Adeyemo Adeshina , Armstrong Douglas G. , Petfield Joseph L.
Published: January 2022

Case:

Transcranial electric stimulation motor-evoked potentials (tcMEPs) are the most sensitive technique in multimodality intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) for posterior spinal fusion (PSF). The presence of a cochlear implant (CI) is considered a contraindication to IONM because of theoretical risk of implant device and local tissue damage from voltages induced by tcMEPs. We present the case of a 10-year-old girl with CI who underwent successful PSF with tcMEP and monopolar electrocautery (MoEC) without perioperative complications or CI damage.

Conclusion:

With proper precautions, such as MoEC usage at a minimal voltage, motor-evoked potential monitoring can be safely performed in pediatric patients with CI undergoing PSF.
Group Investigation sebagai Proses Penanaman Sikap Toleransi Siswa Kelas IX dalam Pembelajaran IPS
Authors: Sri Wahyuni  , Siti Maryam Yusuf
Published: January 2022

Education in Indonesia is affected by global changes that demand to be more advanced. These socio-cultural changes and globalization have had negative and positive impacts, especially for the younger generation. Especially for moral degradation, educational institutions and all driving elements emphasize the importance of knowledge and the application of tolerance in everyday life in minimizing deviant behaviors that can be done by students. Therefore, it is necessary to have a learning strategy that can foster tolerance for students from an early age. This study aims to determine the application of group investigation in instilling tolerance for grade IX students in social studies learning at SMPN 1 Mlarak, with a qualitative research method design using documentation, observation, and interview methods. Based on the results of data analysis, it was found that (1) the application of the group investigation learning model included: selection of material topics, which were organized in the Chapter of Socio-Cultural Change and Globalization, cooperative planning, implementation, analysis and synthesis, collection of final results, evaluation. . (2) the inhibiting and driving factors come from innate attitudes, family, association, and society (3) The results of the cultivation of students' tolerant attitudes through the group investigation learning model are attitudes of religious tolerance, mutual help and cooperation incompleting assignments, an attitude of caring for others, and an attitude of tolerance without discriminating against other students in physical and academic terms.
The Efficacy and Safety of High-Dose Nonsedating Antihistamines in Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria: A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Xiao Xianjun , Shi Yunzhou , Yao Junpeng , Cao Wei , Zhang Leixiao , Zou Zihao , Zhou Siyuan , Wang Chuan , Chen Mingling , Jin Rongjiang , Li Ying , Zheng Qianhua
Published: January 2022

Background
Standard doses of second-generation H1-antihistamines (sgAHs) as first-line treatment are not always effective in treating chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), and hence an increase in the dose of sgAHs is recommended. However, literature evaluating the efଁcacy and safety of this treatment remains inconclusive, highlighting the need for a meta-analysis. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the efଁcacy and safety of high-dose sgAHs compared with standard-dose sgAHs in treating CSU.
Methods
A systematic literature search of double-blind, randomized controlled trials (RCT) utilizing multiple doses of sgAHs was performed by searching the electronic databases Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane databases, and Web of Science. The response rate, the number of adverse events, somnolence, and withdrawal due to adverse events were extracted from each article. The data were combined and analyzed to quantify the safety and efficacy of the treatment.
Results
A total of 12 studies were identified, six of which met the eligibility criteria for the meta-analysis. Our pooled meta-analyses showed that high-dose sgAHs was associated with a significantly higher response rate than standard-dose (RR 1.12, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.24; P = 0.04). Conversely, high doses of sgAHs were associated with significantly higher somnolence rates than standard dose (RD 0.05, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.09; P = 0.02). There was no significant difference in adverse events or withdrawal due to adverse events between standard- and high-dose treatments.
Conclusions
Our analyses showed that a high dose of sgAHs (up to two times the standard dose) might be more effective than a standard dose in CSU treatment. High-dose and standard-dose sgAHs showed similar adverse events, except for somnolence, where incidence was found to be dose-dependent in some studies. However, given the limited number of studies, our meta-analysis results should be interpreted with caution.
Activating Unconventional Wavelength Bands for Coherent Optical Communication by On-chip Continuous Spectral Translation
Authors: Kong Deming , Liu Yong , Ren Zhengqi , Jung Yongmin , Kim Chanju , Chen Yong , Wheeler Natalie V. , Petrovich Marco N. , Pu Minhao , Yvind Kresten , Galili Michael , Oxenløwe Leif , Richardson David , Hu Hao
Published: January 2022

Despite being perceived historically to provide "unlimited" bandwidth, today’s optical communication systems are fast approaching their capacity limits in the conventional telecom bands. To satisfy the ever-increasing capacity demand, opening up new wavelength bands is becoming an appealing solution both in cabled and free-space optical communications in the transparent windows. However, this would ordinarily require the development of whole optical transceivers for any new wavelength band, which is both time-consuming and expensive. Here, we present an on-chip continuous spectral translation based coherent optical communication approach that can exploit existing commercial transceivers to unlock the vast and currently unused potential new wavelength bands rather than dictate the need to develop new coherent transceivers operating directly in those bands. The spectral translators are continuous-wave pumped aluminium gallium arsenide on insulator (AlGaAsOI) nanowaveguides that can provide a continuous conversion bandwidth over an octave. This enables unprecedented coherent transmission in the 2-μm wavelength band using well-developed conventional C-band transmitters and coherent receivers. We demonstrate 318.25-Gbit s-1 Nyquist wavelength-division multiplexed coherent transmission over a 1.15-km hollow-core fibre in the 2-μm wavelength band using this approach. Our demonstration paves the way for coherently transmitting, detecting, and processing signals at wavelength bands beyond the capability of today’s devices.
A Pharmacovigilance Study of the Association Between Tetracyclines and Hepatotoxicity Based on FDA Adverse Event Reporting System Data
Authors: Wei Chunyan , Liu Ying , Jiang Aidou , Wu Bin
Published: January 2022

Background Tetracyclines have been used in the clinic for decades. However, there is some controversy about the risk of tetracycline-associated hepatic injury. The aim of this pharmacovigilance study was to evaluate the association between drug-induced liver injury (DILI) and tetracyclines based on the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database. Methods All reported cases of tetracyclines as primary suspected drugs were extracted from the FAERS between January 2004 and December 2020. The outcomes included all severe drug-related hepatic disorders, hepatocellular injury, cholestatic injury and liver failure. Disproportionality analyses are conducted by estimating both the reporting odds ratio (ROR) method and the information element (IC) method. Results A total of 1435 tetracycline-associated hepatic injury cases were identified in FAERS. Tigecycline, minocycline and doxycycline were found to be significantly associated with severe DILI, and the ROR, IC and their 95% CIs of tigecycline, minocycline and doxycycline were (ROR=5.85, 95% Cl 4.96~6.91, IC=2.44, 95% Cl 1.85~2.95), (ROR=6.40, 95% Cl 5.76~7.11, IC=2.56, 95% Cl 2.19~2.89) and (ROR=2.07, 95% Cl 1.86~2.31, IC=1.03, 95% Cl 0.66~1.38), respectively. Compared to minocycline and doxycycline, tigecycline showed a stronger association with hepatocellular injury (ROR=7.11, 95% Cl 6.13~8.23, IC= 2.68, 95% Cl 2.16~3.13) and cholestatic injury (ROR=12.16, 95% Cl 10.13~14.61, IC=3.51, 95% Cl 2.79~4.00). Tigecycline (ROR=6.56, 95% Cl 4.57~9.41, IC=2.69, 95% Cl 1.28~3.64) and minocycline (ROR=4.22, 95% Cl 3.14~5.66, IC=2.06, 95% Cl 1.00~2.93) showed a significant association with liver failure. Conclusion Based on current research, we discovered significant associations between DILI and tigecycline, minocycline and doxycycline. Tigecycline is more strongly correlated with hepatocellular injury and cholestatic injury than minocycline and doxycycline.
Risk Factors for Dose Reduction of Pirfenidone in Patients With Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: a Study Based on Real-world Clinical Data
Authors: Kim Jiwon , Chung Chiwook , Cho Hyo Sin , Kim Ho Cheol
Published: January 2022

Background Although pirfenidone slows disease progression in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), patients often cannot tolerate the recommended dose of pirfenidone because of several adverse events in clinical practice. This study aimed to investigate adverse events associated with pirfenidone and the risk factors in patients requiring dose reduction.Methods This single center retrospective cohort study included 156 consecutive patients with IPF who received pirfenidone. Demographic characteristics, pulmonary function, and pirfenidone-related adverse events were investigated. We compared patients who received standard and reduced dose of pirfenidone.Results The mean age of patients was 69.7 years. The median follow-up duration was 243 days. The low dose group (n = 99) comprised older patients (71.0 vs. 67.4 years, p = 0.012), fewer smokers (79.8% vs. 96.4%, p = 0.004), and patients with lower body mass index (BMI; 24.2 vs. 25.7, p = 0.020) compared with the standard dose group (n = 57). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that older age (odds ratio = 1.060, p = 0.014) was significantly associated with dose reduction of pirfenidone after adjusting for sex, smoking history, and BMI. No significant difference was found in the reduction rate of forced vital capacity (p = 0.260) and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (p = 0.186) between the standard and low dose groups.Conclusions Although older patients are more likely to undergo dose reduction of pirfenidone, low dose pirfenidone is effective for treating patients with IPF. Low dose pirfenidone can be considered an effective treatment option for older patients with IPF.
An Ethnobotany Survey of Wild Plants Used by the Tibetan People of the Yadong River Valley, Tibet, China
Authors: Guo Chang-An , Ding Xiao-Yong , A·D Yi-Won , Zhang Yu , Zhang Xiao-Qian , Zhuang Hui-Fu , Wang Yu-Hua
Published: January 2022

IntroductionPlant resources gathered from the wild are important sources of livelihood needs, especially for the low-income populations living living in remote areas, who rely on these plants for food, fuelwood, medicine and building materials. Yadong County is a valley on the border of the three countries in southern Tibet. Yadong is rich in biodiversity and culture, but ethnobotanical knowledge has not been systematically studied. The purpose of this research is: to document the ethnobotanical knowledge of the Tibetans in Yadong County.MethodsEthnobotanical data were documented through free listing, key informant interviews, and semistructured interviews during field work. The CI (cultural importance index) and FIC (informant consensus factor index) were used as quantitative indices.Results163 informants (46 women and 117 men) were interviewed. In total, 3031 use reports and 121 plant species belonging to 52 families and 91 genera were included. Then these use reports were classified into 20 categories belonging to the nine major categories. The utilization categories that contained the most plant species were food, followed by economic, medicine, animal food, social uses, other uses, environmental uses, materials and fuels. Among the economic plants, thirty-two kinds of medicinal plants are traditionally used in the local region for sale. The plants with high CI were Fritillaria cirrhosa, Neopicrorhiza scrophulariiflora, Betula utilis, Rheum nobile, Urtica hyperborean.ConclusionThis research demonstrates the diversity of types and functions of the Yadong Tibetan’s traditional plant knowledge. Knowledge of edible and medicinal plants in this area is more prominent, reflecting the ability to cope with the lack of fruits and vegetables and basic family medical care. There were exchanges between the traditional plant culture of the study area and the surroundings. With the socioeconomic development, the commercial value of medicinal plants has been developed, and locals are also seeking a path of sustainable development to cope with excessive consumption of plant resources.
Machining Accuracy Enhancement of Five-axis Machine Tools by a New Sensitivity Analysis Method Based on Machining Error Model
Authors: Tao Haohao , Li Tongjie , Chen Feng , Fan Jinwei , Pan Ri , Yu Zhen
Published: January 2022

Identification of key geometric errors is an essential prerequisite for improving the machining accuracy of five-axis machine tools. This paper presents a new sensitivity analysis (SA) method to extract key geometric errors, and then to improve the machining performance of machine tools by compensating key geometric error components. Development of geometric error prediction model is involved to obtain geometric error values at arbitrary positions at first. Based on the multi-body system theory and flank milling theory, the machining error prediction model is developed, which considers 37 geometric errors. Then, a new SA method is introduced by taking the machining error model as sensitivity analysis model and taking the geometric errors as analytical factors. Meanwhile, a sensitivity index, which has the characteristics of simple expression and clear physical meaning, is proposed, i.e., the peak value of the machining error caused by each geometric error. Moreover, the simulations analysis is carried out to obtain the sensitivity coefficient of each geometric error and the key error components. Finally, the validity and correctness of the proposed method is demonstrated by the experiments. Furthermore, the SA method can be extended to multi-axis machine tools.
Trabecular Bone Score: a New Simple Tool for Evaluating Osteoporosis in Patients With Axial Spondyloarthritis
Authors: Saisirivechakun Pannarat , Mahakkanukrauh Ajanee , Pongchaiyakul Chatlert , Boonya-ussadorn Trirat , Narongroeknawin Pongthorn , Pakchotanon Rattapol , Assavatanabodee Paijit , Chaiamnuay Sumapa
Published: January 2022

Background: Axial spondyloarthritis (ax-SpA) increases the risk of osteoporosis and vertebral fractures (VFs). Although bone mineral density (BMD) is used to diagnose osteoporosis, it has some limitations in patients with ax-SpA. Trabecular bone score (TBS), a new tool that indirectly assesses bone microarchitecture, can be used to assess fracture risk; however, few studies have been conducted to investigate TBS in ax-SpA patients.Objectives: To compare TBS between ax-SpA patients and 1:1 sex- and age-matched healthy controls and determine factors associated with low TBS in ax-SpA patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in two tertiary-care hospitals. A total of 137 ax-SpA patients and controls were enrolled. Demographics, disease characteristics, and osteoporosis-related factors were recorded. TBS and BMD at the lumbar spine and hip were measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Low TBS define as a TBS value <1.230. Vertebral fractures were evaluated by densitometric vertebral fracture assessment. Factors associated with low TBS were examined by logistic regression.Results: Most ax-SpA patients were male (75.9%) and tested positive for HLA-B27 (88.3%). The mean (SD) age was 42.8 (12.0) years. The mean (SD) of TBS in the ax-SpA patients was lower than those in the controls [1.402 (0.107) vs 1.440 (0.086), respectively; p=0.002]. The mean (SD) of lumbar BMD in the ax-SpA patients was higher than those in controls [1.186 (0.212) vs 1.087 (0.124), p<0.001], whereas the mean (SD) of femoral neck BMD in the ax-SpA group was lower than that in the controls [0.867 (0.136) vs 0.904 (0.155), p=0.038]. High disease severity as indicated by sacroiliac joint fusion and a high ASDAS score were associated with low TBS with the odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of 11.8 (1.2-115.4) and 5.2 (1.6-16.9), respectively. Conclusion: Ax-SpA patients had a higher prevalence of low TBS than controls. Sacroiliac joint fusion and a high ASDAS score were associated with low TBS.