bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uso de la herramienta «CMAPS TOOLS» como ayuda para la comprensión lectora de alumnado de Primaria
Authors: González Castellón Esther María , Carbonell Bernal Noelia , Aguaded Gómez María Cinta , Asensio Quirant Gemma Teresa
Published: December 2020

Los alumnos de primaria con dificultades específicas de aprendizaje relacionadas con la lectoescritura necesitan que se les facilite una respuesta educativa adaptada que les permita alcanzar el éxito escolar. Los datos de prevalencia de la dislexia giran en torno al 5-10%, llegando incluso al 15%, esto quiere decir que en una clase de Educación Primaria cuanta al menos un alumno con esta dificultad. Los docentes no encuentran estrategias efectivas para trabajar con ellos dentro del grupo clase, así, el objetivo principal de la presente investigación es comprobar el aporte que realiza la herramienta de Cmaps Tools tanto en el alumnado con dislexia como para el resto del grupo clase. La muestra consta de un total de 47 estudiantes de 2º y 3º de educación primaria, entre los cuales se encuentran 7 alumnos con dislexia. Tras realizar el estudio, se constata como la utilización de TIC y mapas conceptuales mejoran tanto la comprensión lectora de los alumnos que presentan dislexia como en la totalidad del grupo, desarrollándose a la vez aspectos como son las habilidades socioafectivas y un aumento en los niveles de motivación y autoestima en el alumnado.
REALITIES AND PROSPECTS OF FUTURE COMPLEX PROCESSING OF PLANT RAW MATERIALS INTO BIOTHETANOL AND BY-PRODUCTS
Authors:   Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Obodovych O.
Published: December 2020

The use of plant biomass as a primary source of energy is currently unacceptable both from an economic and environmental point of view. The experience of a number of industries, in particular hydrolysis production, enables to solve the problem of profitability of organic biomass treatment by its deep complex processing with the resulting components whose cost exceeds the cost of organic raw materials as fuel. Currently, the main results of complex processing of organic raw materials are still energy-intensive products ̶ bioethanol and hydrolyzed lignin, which energy characteristics are commensurate with fossil fuels. Bioethanol production from starch-containing, sugar-containing or lignocellulosic raw materials requires the use of different technological stages and, accordingly, the cost of bioethanol for each type of raw material is different. Compared to bioethanol produced from sugar and starch raw materials, bioethanol manufactured from lignocellulosic raw materials is more expensive. Bioethanol obtained from lignocellulosic raw materials is more expensive compared to bioethanol from sugar and starch raw materials. The most energy-intensive in the technology of bioethanol obtaining from lignocellulosic raw materials is the stage of pretreatment of raw materials for hydrolysis, because the process of preliminary preparation and hydrolysis with dilute acids occurs at high temperatures and pressures. During enzymatic hydrolysis, the process temperature is maintained for a long time (up to several days). To ensure deep integrated processing of plant raw materials, as well as to reduce overall costs, it was proposed to improve the technology and equipment, which allow increasing the degree of conversion of raw materials into basic and by-products.
Features of changes in the vaginal microbiota of women of fertile age as a possible mechanism for the occurrence of chronic inflammatory diseases of the genital organs and modern correction possibilities
Authors:   SI Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology of NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Podolskyi Vl.V. , Podolskyi V.V. ,   SI Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology of NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The article presents the data of the review of literature sources, concerning the peculiarities of microbiota functioning of organs of reproductive system of women of fertile age, in the aspect of formation and functioning of biological films by pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microflora. The role of infectious, more often microbial factor in the genesis of inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs in women can not always be represented only in the form of simple causal structural and functional relationships against the background of post-aggressive metabolic response. Its importance may change even as complications develop. Microbial colonization of the genitals against the background of impaired vaginal microbiocenosis can be an early stage of the infectious process and have a detrimental effect on reproductive health. In healthy women of fertile age, the content of vaginal mucus has an acid reaction (pH=4.0–4.7) due to the high concentration of lactic acid (2.0–3.0%), which is formed during the metabolism of lactobacilli and the presence of hydrogen peroxide. In diseases there is a disturbance of equilibrium in this system. The shift of pH towards the alkaline reaction causes the growth of conditionally pathogenic flora, especially anaerobes. The decrease in the number of lactic acid bacteria enables the growth of titers of opportunistic microflora. Upon reaching the pathogenic microflora of critical titers, it becomes pathogenic and attacks the cells of the host organism. It is also important to note that antagonism between lactic acid bacteria and conditionally pathogenic microflora does not occur, or does not occur frequently, without a dramatic change in homeostasis. Administration of local probiotics in combination with lactic acid after the repair of the vagina significantly reduces the risk of recurrent inflammatory process caused by resident conditionally pathogenic microflora, maintaining the required pH level, and the use of lactic acid bacteria, which have sufficient opportunities for adhesion to cell surfaces and biological pathological conditions of microorganisms. Key words: microbiocenosis, chronic inflammatory diseases of the genital organs, pelvic inflammatory diseases, women of fertile age, opportunistic flora, lactic acid, lactic acid bacteria.
Inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organisms modern presentations about etiology, principles of diagnosis and treatment
Authors:   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Hychka N.M. , Shcherba O.A. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Lastovetska L.D. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv
Published: December 2020

Inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs (PID) occupy the first place in the structure of gynecological morbidity and are one of the causes of dysfunction of not only the reproductive organs but also various systems of the female body, infertility, and a decrease in the quality of life. The PID includes inflammatory processes of the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries and pelvic peritoneum. The article presents modern views on etiological factors, stages of development of endogenous infection and its clinical manifestations. The mechanisms of endocrine and immune regulation of the vaginal microbiocenosis, as well as the relationship of endogenous microflora and pathogens of exogenous genital infections, are examined. Diagnostic approaches and principles of treatment of PID are presented, taking into account the severity of the infectious process. Key words: рelvic inflammatory diseases, salpingitis, endometritis, microbiocenosis, sexual exinfection, diagnosis, treatment principles.
«En el nombre de Dios Todopoderoso»: los tratamientos nominales en la «Relación autobiográfica» de Úrsula Suárez (1666-1749)
Authors: Rivadeneira-Valenzuela Marcela , Contreras-Gutiérrez Alejandra
Published: December 2020

El presente trabajo se centra en el ámbito de los tratamientos nominales en la Relación autobiográfica, obra escrita por la monja clarisa Úrsula Suárez a principios del siglo XVIII. Reconocido –especialmente en español latinoamericano– no solo por su contenido, sino por la forma de escritura, este texto nos acerca a la dimensión interactiva de las relaciones sociales a través de la reproducción de usos dialógicos en los que abundan representaciones lingüísticas de gran espontaneidad. En este sentido, nuestro estudio revela rasgos de variación en el uso de tratamientos nominales en los ámbitos religioso, divino y familiar, en conjunción con formas pronominales y verbales de segunda y tercera persona, las cuales se emplean como rasgos de alternancia en tratamientos directos e indirectos; a su vez, se descubren estrategias estilístico-discursivas a través de la desvinculación de la segunda persona hacia estructuras de tercerización. Nuestros resultados permiten comprobar la utilidad del género autobiográfico conventual como documentación válida para analizar procesos de variación y cambio lingüístico en la historia de la lengua, particularmente relevantes en variedades regionales poco estudiadas.
«Nuevo mundo» de Miguel de Unamuno y «Declaración de un vencido» de Alejandro Sawa: dos novelas modernistas
Authors: Kłosińska-Nachin Agnieszka
Published: December 2020

El presente estudio se propone establecer un parentesco estético entre Nuevo mundo (1895-1896), de Miguel de Unamuno, y Declaración de un vencido (1887), de Alejandro Sawa. A fin de cotejar ambos textos, se propone un esquema de análisis que toma en consideración tres criterios: el argumento, la enunciación y la concepción del personaje de las dos novelas. Paralelamente, se establece un modelo de la novela modernista, fruto de la confrontación de la producción narrativa española con la novela modernista europea y, en menor medida, hispanoamericana. El método adoptado permite constatar que ambos textos cuentan la historia de un artista frustrado (héroe decadente) y acuden a una perspectiva narrativa virada deliberadamente hacia el interior de los personajes. Al recurrir a personajes que combinan su condición de escritores con la actividad periodística, Sawa y Unamuno ponen en escena una búsqueda de fundamentación de la posición del artista/intelectual en una realidad cambiante y caótica, regida por las leyes del mercado, búsqueda que encontramos en gran número de novelas modernistas europeas e hispánicas.
Anatoly S. Skripkin and My Generation of Sarmatologists
Authors:   Voronezh State University, Medvedev Alexandr
Published: December 2020

The article is dedicated to the 80th anniversary of Anatoly S. Skripkin, professor of the Volgograd State University. It is based on the authors personal memories about several important milestones in the biography of this eminent scientist. His great contribution to the modern Russian sarmatology is assessed.
Crypt with Third-Century Coins in the Cemetery of Opushki
Authors:   V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Khrapunov Igor
Published: December 2020

The cemetery of Opushki is located about 15 km east of Simferopol, in the Crimean foothills. In the process of excavations, carried out since 2003, a variety of funerary constructions belonging to different archaeological cultures have been discovered. The crypt researched in the current article contained four burials, which were especially interesting because of the find of six coins inside of them. The excavation above the burial chamber of this vault discovered a childs burial accompanied with varied grave goods, similarly to those made in the crypt. The burials discussed in the present study were made in the second half of the third century AD. The second half of the 3rd century AD was the period represented in Crimea by the smallest number of complexes in comparison with the previous and the following periods. Varied grave goods from the crypt and the childs grave greatly expand our notion of the material culture of those people who inhabited the Crimean foothills in that half of the century, which is difficult to be discovered by archaeological methods. Furthermore, the crypt No. 133 belongs to a big group of grave constructions which were widely spread in Crimea in the Late Roman period. Their distinctive feature is a short dromos. Initially, the latter crypts appeared in the first half of the 3rd century AD. However, several of them as well belong to the second half of the 3rd century AD. In the fourth century AD, the majority of burials were made in such crypts close to the Crimean foothills. Many researchers interpret specific construction of these crypts as an evidence of the penetration into Crimea of the forefathers of mediaeval North Caucasian Alans. The material culture of the population of the Crimean foothills in the Late Roman period could be interpreted as eclectic, developed under the influence from various factors. Its sources were ancient and the Sarmatian cultures. Besides, the research showed that there were found some local hand-made vessels, analogies of which were never found outside of the peninsula. Some of the artefacts had penetrated to Crimea area from the areas populated by Germanic tribes.
Anthropological Composition of the Population of the Early Iron Age from the Lower Volga Region (According to the Materials of the Kurgan Group of Krivaya Luka)
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Balabanova Mariya
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the craniological materials of the early Iron Age from the kurgans of Krivaya Luka tract in the Astrakhan region, which were excavated during ten field seasons. The rich anthropological material was obtained as a result of the excavations studied by A.V. Shevchenko, A.A. Kazarnitskiy, M.A. Balabanova, L.T. Yablonskiy. The anthropological materials of the Early Iron Age consisted of 85 skulls are studied in the current article using the traditional method of simple and multivariate statistics. As a result of the study, it was found out that the morphological appearance of cultural-chronological groups is similar to the rest of the synchronous population both from other burials grounds of the Lower Volga region and from adjacent territories. The Sarmatian type or the type of the ancient Eastern Caucasian is inherent for a small group of the pre-Savromatian period, as well as for the groups of the Savromatian and Early Sarmatian period. A small Middle Sarmatian male group demonstrates the combinations that characterize the subsequent Late Sarmatian population – the type of long-headed Caucasians. Whereas the female craniological type of the Late Sarmatian time is characterized by a set of features that define it as a Mongoloid-Caucasian mestizo. Both the total group of skulls and individual cultural-chronological groups turned out to be heterogeneous in terms of the intragroup structure. The anthropological type of the Early Iron Age population who left burials in the Krivaya Luka tract demonstrates diachronic variability, which was apparently associated with migrations. However, in the pre-Savromatian period, in comparison with the Late Bronze Age, this territory was occupied mostly by the type of ancient Eastern Caucasians which combines a mesobrachicranial lowvaulted cerebral box with a wide face, the horizontal profiling of which at the upper level is weakened, and the nose protruding sharply towards the profile line. The latter type remained there until the start of the Common era, and starting from the Middle Sarmatian time it changed to the type of long-headed Caucasians, which is associated with the penetration of alien groups. Among these migrants, apparently, there were also found carriers of the mixed Mongoloid-Caucasian complex.
About the First Appearance of the Early Sarmatians in the Lower Don Region
Authors:   OOO Archaeological Research Bureau, Glebov Vyacheslav , Dedyulkin Anton ,   Southern Federal University
Published: December 2020

There are different points of view regarding the date of the appearance of the early Sarmatian archaeological culture of the 2nd – 1st centuries BC within the Lower Don region. However, most researches have been of the view that the Lower Don region and the Northeastern Black Sea region were developed by the Sarmatians relatively late, namely not earlier than the second half of the 2nd century BC. The main objective of this study is to define the date of the first appearance of the Sarmatians on the territory of the Don region based on the analysis of the archaeological data from Sarmatian and ancient archeology, as well as information from the literary and epigraphic sources. According to the scale of the relative chronology there is plenty of early monuments in the Sarmatian antiquities within the 2nd century BC. However, the number of chronological indicators in Sarmatian burials of this time horizon is relatively low. On the basis of the Rhodian amphora with stamps, black-glazed cantharoi and Megarian bowls, the date of the earliest complexes can be set within the second or third quarters of the 2nd century BC. The arrival of the Sarmatians had a general destabilizing effect on the situation in the Don region and the Northeastern Black Sea region. The destruction of settlements and the devastation of territories were recorded on the Bosporus. The city of Tanais in the Lower Don region was fortified in the second quarter of the 2nd century BC. The first reliable mentions of the Sarmatians in official documents are dated to the end of the first – the beginning of the second quarter of the 2nd century BC (the treaty is dated 179 BC, Delphic manumissions). Further the authors conclude that the first appearance of the Sarmatians in the Lower Don region and the Northeastern Black Sea region is associated with the movement of nomadic tribes as a result of the expansion of the Xiongnu state, formed at the end of the 3rd century BC, which reached the Russian southern steppes as a result of domino effect.
Features of Measuring Poverty Indicators: International and Russian Experience
Authors:   Volgograd Institute of Management, Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Oleynik Olga , Oleynik Andrey ,   Volgograd Region Branch of the Southern Main Department of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, Stepanova Ekaterina ,   Volgograd Institute of Management, Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: December 2020

The paper provides a comparative analysis of methodological approaches to poverty measuring in the Russian Federation and in the global perspective in the current situation on the following key aspects: methods of poverty measuring in official statistics, problems in defining and measuring subjective poverty in different countries. Through the empirical qualitative research we analyzed a wide base of official data and reports of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), the Eurasian Economic Commission (EEC), the Interstate Statistical Committee of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS STAT), the Federal State Statistics Service, and subsequently analytically interpreted them. According to the results of the study, it was concluded that different countries use various methods of measuring the level of poverty and criteria for its assessment. This situation does not relate to the analytical needs of the society, government authorities and scientists. The Guide of UNECE was developed in order to ensure international comparability and accessibility of poverty indicators. The Guide substantiates the indicators and identifies the needs for appropriate baseline data for measuring poverty, and offers methodological recommendations for national statistical services. The multidimensional measurement of poverty is currently relevant. This approach allows to take into account not only monetary indicators, but also other aspects of people’s life, such as health, living conditions, education, involvement in economic and social relations, etc. The study of the methodological features of poverty measuring in Russia revealed the need for a more detailed development of poverty indicators. At present, the Federal State Statistics Service is adopting new measures in order to include the Indices of Material Deprivation and Poverty and Social Exclusion Risk into the national list of indexes of Sustainable Development Goals. In addition, currently the transition to new methodological and practical approaches to Population Income Survey is being carried out.
Public Health Protection and Economy: Priorities of Political and Economic Decisions in the Conditions of Pandemic
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Konovalova Victoria , Konovalov Artem ,   Saratov Chernyshevsky State University, Kublin Igor ,   Socio-Economic Institute, Saratov State Tchnical University named after Yu.A. Gagarin, Arakelova Irina ,   Volgograd State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation
Published: December 2020

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has posed an unprecedented challenge to healthcare systems around the world. As of May 16, 2020, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2, which is the causative agent of COVID-19) was identified in the vast majority of countries. There are more than 4.6 million confirmed cases and more than 300 000 deaths worldwide, according to official sources. In addition, according to the latest forecasts of the development of the situation associated with the spread of the pandemic, COVID-19 could lead to about 40 million deaths worldwide this year. Such a scenario is possible, provided that a vaccine against coronavirus infection will not be developed soon. Currently, in the absence of pharmaceutical interventions which are effective enough to be used as a preventive measure and when there are no drugs, the main strategy for fighting COVID-19 focuses on non-pharmaceutical interventions. These non-pharmaceutical interventions typically include a package of mitigation and suppression measures (for example, isolation on a case-by-case basis, protection of vulnerable groups, closing schools, limitation of publicly planned or any other activities, and introduction of selfisolation throughout the country). Obviously, these measures, in particular social distancing, are aimed at risk minimization of SARS-CoV-2 contagion from person to person. Having found itself in emergency conditions, the Russian government faced a difficult task when making political and economic decisions: to increase funding for healthcare or to ensure the welfare of the country’s economy. The aim of the article is to analyze and assess the degree of influence of the pandemic factor on the socio-economic situation, influence of the factors of the epidemic process on political and economic decision-making.
Opiniones de la calidad de vida desde la perspectiva de la mujer con discapacidad
Authors:   Universidad de Salamanca, INICO, Cilleros María Victoria Martín , Sánchez-Gómez María Cruz ,   Universidad de Salamanca, INICO, Verdugo-Castro Sonia ,   Universidad de Salamanca, INICO, Alonso Miguel Ángel Verdugo ,   Universidad de Salamanca, INICO
Published: December 2020

La calidad de vida se ve afectada ante una discapacidad, más aún cuando quien la presenta es una mujer. De cara a emprender futuras acciones se realiza un estudio dirigido a conocer la percepción que dicho colectivo tiene sobre su calidad de vida. Para ello se elaboró un cuestionario cualitativo. De las respuestas de 526 mujeres se realizó un análisis de los datos utilizando el software webQDA. Se observa que todas las dimensiones de calidad de vida se consideran afectadas en mayor o menor grado, siendo una variable a tener en cuenta el tipo de discapacidad; sin embargo, la percepción de falta de autonomía e inclusión es una constante en todo el colectivo. Los resultados indican la necesidad de continuar trabajando la independencia y autonomía a través de los apoyos, los cuales además de materiales o de recursos humanos deben ser emocionales desde el inicio de la discapacidad.
Impact of blast zone on mining processes in fractured rock mass
Authors:   Belgorod State University, Belgorod, Russia, Tyupin V. N. , Khaustov V. V. ,   Belgorod State University, Belgorod, Russia, Voronov E. T. ,   Transbaikal State University, Chita, Russia
Published: December 2020

Generalization of the abundant experimental and theoretical research accomplished by Russian and foreign scientists in the 20th–21st centuries enables distinguishing between a few action zones of blasting, namely, crushing zone (fine grain crushing), radiating cracking zone, induced-fracture zone, shaking zone (residual stress after blasting), and blast-induced load zone. In the crushing zone, overgrinding takes place, which has an adverse influence on efficiency of processing of uranium, for instance, or granular quartz. The radiating cracking zone size in blasting in fractured rock masses governs the quality of drilling and blasting. The induced-fracture zone determines stability of rock mass and, consequently, safety of production processes both in surface and underground mines. In the shattering zone, fractured rock mass experiences residual stresses, which induces new fractures and rock falls, or dynamic events due to lithostatic pressure in rockburst-hazardous rock mass. This article aims at the experimental and theoretical determination of geometrics of blast-induced impact zones in different geological and geotechnical conditions with a view to developing appropriate actions toward abatement of the adverse effect exerted by these zones on geomechanical and technological processes in the course of mining. The theoretical formulas are given for the radii of the crushing, radiating cracking, induced fracturing and residual stress zones. Reliable applicability of the formulas in actual mining is proved by comparison of the calculations with the full-scale testing data. To mitigate the crushing zone impact, it is possible to charge the wellhead interval with a radial air gap, which decreases density of charging. Arrangements toward reduction of the zones of induced-fractures and residual stresses are proposed. Energy of the man-mane zone of residual stresses after blasting can be targeted at activation of raise driving with raise borer 2KV.
Assessment of computational accuracy of minimum commercial value for gold placers
Authors:   Chersky Institute of Mining of the North, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakutsk, Russia, Batugina N. S. , Tkach S. M. ,   Chersky Institute of Mining of the North, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakutsk, Russia, Khoyutanov E. A. ,   Chersky Institute of Mining of the North, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Yakutsk, Russia
Published: December 2020

Economic indices of mineral mining meet conditions of finitude, single-valuedness, continuity and smoothness as any geological characteristic of the subsoil. Referring an economic index and unit volume needs that a rock mass is considered as a set of elementary volumes, and each elementary volume has peculiar quality and quantity of minerals, occurrence conditions, physical and mechanical properties, etc. In case of any specific mining technology, each elementary volume has cost/performance ratios of end product making–extraction, expenses and profit. The choice of mining technology and equipment is governed by the structure, quantity and quality of mineral reserves; thus, the economic structure efficiency should be evaluated for each specific mine and for each specific geotechnology. In the course of continuous improvement of mining technologies and equipment, the geological and economic structures of deposits, as well as their integral characteristics change. Acquisition of accurate economic indices needs estimation of major factors of influence on the cost of mining. More precise evaluation of profit requires complete data on a deposit by the time of mine planning and design, and this is only possible subject to improved geological backup of mining operations. This case-study of gold placers is an attempt to try to determine the mechanism and features of influence exerted by geological factors and process solutions on the efficiency of use of georesources via assessment and control of errors of the resources and profit return in mining and processing.
Extraction of impurities from phosphorite ore in concentration and processing
Authors:   Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, Russia, Pochitalkina I. A. , Filenko I. A. ,   Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, Russia, Petropavlovsky I. A. ,   Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2020

The article presents a review of the reports on the composition and properties of phosphorite ore from the Polpino deposit and on the problems connected with the ore processing by dry fractional crushing–sifting separation. The content of impurities in this ore exceeds the standard, which eliminates technological capability of straight sulfuric acid treatment of the ore for wet-process phosphoric acid production. The attempted wet processing of the ore by solutions of weak organic acids, selected because of their availability, regenerative capacity and environmental safety, is described. It is found that the organic acids are lo w-effective in extraction of alkaline-earth metal impurities: extraction is not higher than 3.5 and 9.5 % with acetic and formic acids, respectively; total recovery of Al2O3 and Fe2O3 is not higher than 2.0 and 8.0 %, and is factually independent of concentration of the acids. The authors prove straight processability of phosphorite ore by sulfuric acid treatment with production of compound fertilizers, including selective removal of impurities and carbonate minerals, and controlled recovery of iron and aluminium. The optimization parameters of the process are concentration of nitric acid, the acid–ore interaction time and temperature. These parameters should ensure complete extraction of the target component to solution (99.0 %), as well as controlled removal of iron impurities (18.0–20.0 %) and aluminium impurities (31–32 %), which have an adverse influence on rheological properties of suspensions. Thus, the article proves technological capability of straight processing of Polpino phosphorite resources containing Р2О5–15.3 %, CaO–27.42 %, MgO–0.95 %, Fe2O3–2.58 % and Al2O3–3.65 % without pretreatment.
Comparative analysis of efficiency of rope and hydraulic excavators
Authors:   Mining Institute, Kola Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Apatity, Russia, Anistratov K. Yu. , Lukichev S. V. ,   Mining Institute, Kola Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Apatity, Russia, Isaichenkov A. B. ,   SUEK, Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2020

The widespread use of hydraulic excavators has brought up a question of rope excavator competitiveness and the conditions for their effective use. To answer this question, the paper presents the results of a comparative analysis of the economic operation indicators of rope and hydraulic excavators with bucket capacity of 11–12 m3. The analysis is based on actual data on excavators’ operation in mines in Russia. As an analysis tool, the authors the methodology mining machinery efficiency assessment by specific accumulated owning costs during service life. The authors have analyzed the dynamics of the specific accumulated owning costs of Russian manufacture rope excavators EKG-12K with bucket capacity of 12 m3 manufactured by IZ–KARTEX named after P. G. Korobkov in comparison with similar foreign manufacture open-pit hydraulic excavators. The analysis has shown that the owning costs of rope excavator EKG-12K in operation in truck-and-shovel mining systems with dump trucks having capacity of 130 tons in excavation of semirocks during twenty-year service life are less than half, comparing to the owing costs of the hydraulic excavators. Starting from the 5th year of operation, the values of the specific accumulated costs of EKG-12K, including the costs of purchase, operation, maintenance and repair, become lower than the specific accumulated costs of the hydraulic excavators-analogues. The paper presents the calculated and actual performance indicators of excavators EKG-12K in open pit mines in Russia , which have shown the closeness of their values. The authors give the actual data on the specific costs of operation, maintenance and repair of open-pit hydraulic excavators with a working weight of 200 tons and with bucket capacity of 11–12 m3 during their service life.
Case of precocious menstruation
Authors: Ginzburg M.
Published: December 2020

October 10, 1895 prof. Jrion was delivered by a lady of German descent. The newborn baby girl weighed 9 pounds. On October 17th, Dr Jrion was asked to examine the newborn due to her vaginal bleeding.
Comparison of incidence of oculocardiac reflex between hang-back and conventional rectus recession in horizontal strabismus surgery
Authors: Maurya Rajendra P , Roy Meghna , Singh Virendra P , Singh Mahendra K , Loha Sandeep
Published: December 2020

To compare the incidence of oculocardiac reflex(OCR) between hang-back and conventional method of rectus muscle recession in horizontal strabismus.

In this prospective, randomized, double blind study, 40 consecutive patients of horizontal strabismus were evaluated. The patients were randomized into two groups based on the type of surgical recession technique employed for squint correction. Twenty patients were operated by Hang-back technique (group-1) and 20 by conventional rectus muscle recession where the muscle tendon was sutured directly to the globe (group-2). All patients underwent pre-operative evaluation which included refraction, keratometry and assessment of angle of deviation etc. ECG was monitored before surgery. During surgery heart rate (HR) was recorded as heart rate baseline (HRB), after 5 minutes of intubation (HR5), during muscle traction (HRT), Minimum heart rate during traction of muscle (HRMin), Maximum increase in heart rate (HRMax). OCR was defined as > 20% reduction in HR during muscle traction as compared to baseline HR.

Out of total 40 patients 17(42.50%) were having exotropia and 23 (57.50%) had esotropia. The overall incidence of OCR in conventional recession was found to be greater than that in hang-back recession. The mean baseline HR was 72.00± 7.391 beat/min in conventional recession group and 77.55± 7.494 beat/min in hang-back recession group.

The mean HR reduction in conventional procedure was 56.05± 8.787 beat/min. and that in hang-back procedure 61.80 ± 9.317 beat/min., which was statistically significant (p<0.01). This was probably attributed to the shorter duration of surgery and lesser manipulation during surgery in hang-back as compared to conventional procedure.

OCR is a common complication encountered during manipulation of muscle during strabismus surgery. Hang-back recession is a safe and effective method of muscle recession as it offers a shorter surgical time and better exposure along with lesser incidence of OCR with similar success rates when compared to conventional muscle recession.
Study of accuracy of axial length measurements by two biometric methods with reference to post operative spherical equivalents in patients undergoing phacoemulsification
Authors: Patil Sakshi R , Mandlik Hanumant R , Joshi Ajit K , Tripathi Abhishek Kumar , Divya N Sai
Published: December 2020

Cataract surgery demands refractive accuracy. To achieve this, accurate biometry is required. So two biometry methods should be compared for accuracy.

To compare accuracy of immersion USG and optical biometry with reference to AXL measurement and postphaco refraction.

Prospective study was done involving 60 eyes of 60 patients undergoing phaco with foldable IOL implantation under LA. Biometry of Group A was done by immersion USG and that of group B was done by optical biometry (30 patients in each group). Detailed preop examination was done. Calculations of IOL power in all patients were done by using SRK/T formula. At 1 month f/up, spherical equivalent was noted. Using regression formula, emmetropic IOL powers and their differences with implanted IOL powers were calculated. Statistical analysis was done using unpaired t test.

: Mean AXL in group B (23.2157 mm) was slightly longer than that in group A (23.2093 mm), {P=0.9754}. Mean spherical equivalent at 1 month f/up in group B (0.4583) was slightly lesser than that in group A (0.4625),{P=0.973}. Mean of differences between emmetropic IOL and actual IOL implanted was lesser in group B(0.6877), than that in group A(0.6932), {P=0.9762}.

Difference in mean AXL and mean postop spherical equivalent between two methods of biometry were not statistically significant. Immersion USG biometry has accuracy comparable to optical biometry.
A rare case of oguchi disease exhibiting the classic Mizuo-Nakamura phenomenon
Authors: Balakrishna Nischala , Tasneem Alhaj F , Nayak Vittal I , Narayanaswamy Nagalakshmi , Nastain Sara
Published: December 2020

Oguchi disease also called congenital stationary night blindness is an autosomal recessive genetic condition first identified in Japan with a few cases reported in other countries like Europe, America, India and Pakistan. We report one such case exhibiting the Mizuo-Nakamura phenomenon with a reduced amplitude on the b-wave of the rod electroretinogram advocating this diagnosis.

A 40-year-old man presented with complaints of non-progressive decrease in vision as the day progressed for 6 months with normal vision during the day in both eyes. There was no history of trauma or any other ocular or systemic disease. His parents had a second-degree consanguineous marriage and his father experienced similar symptoms. Visual acuity for distance was 6/6 and N6 for near in both eyes. His anterior segment and posterior segments were normal. When the patient was put to dark adaptation for 3 hours, there was a change in his fundus background colour from grey to red (Mizuo-Nakamura phenomenon). The b-wave amplitude was decreased on the rod electroretinogram. The cone electroretinogram on the other hand was normal. All this was confirmed by his genetic study which favoured this diagnosis.

This disease presents with features similar to retinitis pigmentosa in terms of mutations in the SAG gene This highlights the importance of the Mizou-Nakamura phenomenon in formulating a confirmatory diagnosis and treatment protocol.
Effect of Analgesia on Complication Free Postoperative Outcome among Day-Care ENT Surgeries in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: C.G Jayachandran , Sahadevan Sanjay , M.S Sandhya
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND Day-care procedures have become accepted and popular among the surgeons and anaesthesiologists all over the world in recent times especially for ENT surgeries. The economic and financial implications are making them acceptable among the general population also. Alleviating acute pain during immediate postoperative period plays a crucial role in deciding the fitness for discharge of the patient. We wanted to evaluate the pain intensity and observe the role of analgesia in its alleviation in postoperative period following day-care ENT surgeries. METHODS 96 adult patients undergoing various types of day-care surgeries in the department of ENT were included in this study. The pain scores were measured using Verbal Pain Intensity Score (VPIS) at frequent two hourly intervals. Opioids, and Paracetamol were used as analgesics. Antiemetic Ondansetron was used to combat nausea and vomiting. The effect of analgesics was assessed using mean values and Friedman test for repeated measures. RESULTS Out of 96 patients 55 (57.29 %) were males and 41 (42.70 %) were females with a male to female ratio of 1.4:1. The mean age was 31.50 ± 4.15 years. 32 / 96 (33.33 %) ear surgeries, 26 / 96 (27.08 %) nose surgeries, 22 / 96 (22.91 %) throat surgeries and 16 / 96 (16.66 %) head and neck surgeries were performed. Moderate to extremely intense grade pain was noticed in 75 / 93 (80.64 %) patients. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of moderate to extremely intense acute postoperative pain in 75 / 93 (80.64 %) patients was high. But the analgesics prescribed were effective to control the pain and the mean pain intensity was less than 2 in 14 hours, hence 85 / 96 (88.54 %) patients could be discharged in time. The associated symptoms were managed with supportive care and required no additional medications and these patients were discharged after overnight stay. KEYWORDS Day-Care Surgery, Analgesia, Opioids, VPIS, Associated Symptoms, Postoperative Pain
The Process of Individual Decision-Making in Non-Standard Situations: a Theoretical Aspect: Theoretical and Neuropsychological Aspects
Authors:   Vinnytsia Мykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University, Ukraine, KHURTENKO Oksana , MILORADOVA Natalia ,   Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs, Ukraine, MAKAROVA Olena ,   Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs. Ukraine, DZHAHUPOV Hryhorii ,   Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs, Kharkiv, Ukraine, BEREZIAK Kseniia ,   Lviv State University of Life Safety, Lviv, Ukraine, KRAVCHENKO Tetyana ,   Zaporizhzhya Regional Institute of Postgraduate Pedagogical Education of Zaporizhzhya Regional Council, Zaporizhia, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The importance of knowing the processes of choice, decision-making is determined by the objective role that they play in the organization of human activity. An important feature of man is his unique ability to make decisions in the most difficult conditions of activity, which are characterized by high uncertainty, the presence of many inconsistent criteria, lack of time, high responsibility and more. The target effectiveness of the decision can be assessed only after its implementation, but the prediction of potential decisions is possible only if the study of its neuropsychological mechanisms. Cost-effectiveness is characterized by intellectual, physical, neuropsychological and material costs of decision-making. The non-standard situation, as a rule, seeks to reduce cost-effectiveness, because in this case the solutions are achieved by the exertion of intellectual, emotional and physical forces and is determined by the ability of the individual to act in such an environment. The neuropsychological mechanisms of such decisions are of interest to science in terms of ensuring the adequacy and timing of such decisions, which is hypothetically related to the morphological and psychoneurological characteristics of the subjects of action. In the context of our study, it is important to conduct a thorough psychological analysis of different types of unusual situations in the coach and find ways to improve the effectiveness of decisions, which primarily depends on the level of psychological readiness of the individual to perform its.
Motivational Aspect and Readiness of Teacher Assistant to Professional Activity
Authors:   PhD student, Ivan Franko National University, Lviv, Ukraine http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6125-1098, Turko Bohdana Bohdanivna , Nos Lyubov ,   Associate Dean Faculty of Pedagogical Education, Associate Professor of Preschool and Primary Education Department, Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Ivan Franko National University, Lviv, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the problem of motivational aspects creation, definition of motive groups and students’ readiness to perform professional activity of teacher assistants, namely to cooperation with a teacher and teaching children with special needs. Determined, that the effectiveness of the professional training of future teacher assistants is largely due to the motivation for training. The purpose of the article is to analyze the results of study motivation study students and readiness for professional activity and determination of reasons for unpreparedness to fulfill their professional obligations. To study the peculiarities of the motivation of teaching future correctional teachers, the use of the following methods were followed: modified A. Rean, V. Yakunin; questionnaire According to the results of the methodology, the predominance of cognitive motifs of learning, in particular, "to become a highly qualified specialist" and "to receive a scholarship" was found. Dominant the social motivation for learning is "keeping up with classmates", "getting a diploma". The results of the survey showed that most of them students make the choice of the future profession unknowingly, that in the process of education is manifested in insufficient the formation of a positive and active attitude to learning. Low wages in our country repel students to work in the chosen specialty. According to the results of the questionnaire, students are not all ready to work in the inclusive class with children with special needs. A generalized analysis of the results showed the need for professional formation directed motivation of training and readiness for work. The article outlines the reasons for the unpreparedness to fulfill their professional obligations in the process of training in higher education institutions, testing of which will be promising direction of research.
Teaching Exploration on Dioptrics of Eye Based on Active Teaching Method in Higher Vocational Colleges
Authors: Ma Kaidi
Published: December 2020

With the development of information technology and the popularization of electronic products, more and more people are troubled by a metropia and binocular vision dysfunction. The public demand for visual service is increasingly urgent. How to cultivate people with solid theoretical knowledge and practical operation ability have become the fundamental goal of optometry vocational education. Based on this, taking "Refractive Examination" course as an example, this paper sorts out the basic content of the course and analyzes the existing problems in the teaching of the course with the combination of teaching, in order to adopt the positive teaching method to reform the classroom and practical teaching, so as to analyzes and summarizes the application of the teaching method in the course.
Discussion on Teaching Strategies of Teaching English App Applied to Comprehensive English Course
Authors: Wang Jiao
Published: December 2020

At this stage, the application of network technology and mobile information technology in social production and life continues to expand, which has promoted the development of education information. In the current curriculum teaching reform and practice, it is necessary to accelerate the integration of information technology and curriculum teaching to effectively promote the continuous innovation of teaching concepts and methods. As the current users of smart mobile terminals continue to expand, the deployment rate of smart mobile devices among college students is getting higher and higher, and they are more proficient in the application capabilities of smart terminals. In this case, various teaching apps have begun to emerge, as have related English apps, which provide rich and diverse resources for English teaching and greatly enhance students' interest in English learning. In terms of the application of English apps in the teaching of integrated English courses, there are still some problems to be solved urgently. This article introduces the importance of pedagogical English App in the teaching of integrated English courses; analyzes its application status in the teaching of integrated English courses; and explores the countermeasures and suggestions for applying this type of App in the teaching of integrated English courses.
Research on the Application of Li Nationality Costume Pattern in the Cultural and Creative Clothing Product Design of Wenzhou She Nationality Tourism Area
Authors: Zou Yuxue
Published: December 2020

"Distinctive costume patterns of Li nationality" is the precipitation of history, the accumulation of culture, and the crystallization of diligence and wisdom of people Li nationality. In Wenzhou She nationality tourist area, the design of cultural and creative clothing products badly needs such history, culture and wisdom. This paper focuses on "the analysis of the distinctive costume patterns of Li nationality" and "the application of the distinctive costume patterns of Li nationality in the cultural and creative clothing product design of Wenzhou She nationality tourism area". It is hoped that the ingenious application of the "distinctive custom patterns of Li nationality" will bring new inspiration and ideas to the design of cultural and creative clothing products in Wenzhou She tourism area.