bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Position-based assessment of head impact frequency, severity, type, and location in high school American football
Authors: Bagherian Amirhossein , Abbasi Ghiri Alireza , Ramzanpour Mohammadreza , Wallace James , Elashy Sammy , Seidi Morteza , Memar Marzieh
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Research on head impact characteristics, especially position-specific investigations in football, has predominantly focused on collegiate and professional levels, leaving a gap in understanding the risks faced by high school players. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of three factors—player position, impact location, and impact type—on the frequency, severity, and characteristics of impacts in high school American football. Additionally, we examined whether and how player position influences the distribution of impact locations and types.

Methods

Sixteen high school football players aged 14 to 17 participated in this study. Validated mouthguard sensors measured head impact kinematics, including linear acceleration, angular acceleration, and angular velocity across ten games, and were used to identify impact locations on the head. Video recordings verified true impacts, player position, and impact type at the moment of each recorded impact. Head impact kinematics were input into a head finite element model to determine the 95th percentile of the maximum principal strain and strain rate. Several novel and systematic approaches, such as normalization, binning, and clustering, were introduced and utilized to investigate the frequency and severity of head impacts across the three aforementioned factors while addressing some of the limitations of previous methodologies in the field. To that end, the number of recorded impacts for each player position during each game was divided by the number of players in that position, and then averaged across ten games. Instead of averaging, impacts were categorized into four severity bins: low, mid-low, mid-high and high. Clusters for the three factors were also identified according to the characteristics of impacts.

Results and Discussion

Results revealed that offensive linemen and running backs experienced a higher normalized frequency and more severe impacts across all head kinematics and brain tissue deformation parameters. Frontal impacts, resulting from “head-to-head” impacts, were the most frequent and severe impact locations. The distributions of impact location and type for each specific position were distinct. Offensive linemen had the highest proportion of frontal impacts, while quarterbacks and centerbacks had more impacts at the rear location. These findings can inform interventions in game regulations, training practices, and helmet design to mitigate injury risks in high school football.
Acute effects of tissue flossing on boxers with chronic knee pain
Authors: Chen Jie , Wang Qirong , Zhao Zhiguang , Song Qipeng , Zhao Peng , Wang Dan
Published: January 2025

Objectives

To explore the acute intervention effects of tissue flossing on chronic knee pain (CKP) in boxers.

Methods

Eighteen boxers with CKP (12 male/6 female) were randomly divided into an experimental group (EG) with tissue flossing (n = 9) and a control group (CG) (n = 9). The visual analog scale (VAS), Lysholm knee function score, flexion range of motion (ROM), maximal isometric extensor muscle strength, and stability of the knee were measured pre- and post-intervention (EG: 3-minute tissue flossing, CG: rest).

Results

VAS (F = 15.849, p = 0.001, η2p = 0.498) and Lysholm knee function (F = 9.327, p = 0.008, η2p = 0.357) significantly improved more in the EG than in the CG. There was a significant difference for maximal isometric extensor muscle strength (F = 17.769, p = 0.001, η2p = 0.542) and knee stability (F = 13.844, p = 0.002, η2p = 0.464) but no significant difference for ROM (F = 1.218, p = 0.287, η2p = 0.075) between the EG and CG.

Conclusion

Tissue flossing can reduce knee pain, improve knee function, increase knee extensor strength, and improve knee stability in boxers with CKP.
Comparative efficacy of different drugs in acute heart failure with renal dysfunction: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Lv Qianyu , Wu Qian , Yang Yingtian , Li Lanlan , Ye Xuejiao , Wang Shihan , Lv Yanfei , Wang Manshi , Li Yushan
Published: January 2025

Objective

This network meta-analysis was to compare the efficacy of different drugs on cardiac function, renal function, and clinical outcomes in patients with acute heart failure (AHF) accompanied by renal dysfunction.

Methods

PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched to screen all clinical trials of AHF between January 1st 2001 and March 31th 2024. The primary outcome measures were N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, all-cause mortality within 60 days, and cardiovascular mortality.

Results

After screening 30,697 citations, 13 studies (21,745 patients) were included, and drugs including nesiritide, dopamine, tolvaptan, levosimendan, dobutamine, furosemide, and spirolactone, and high dose of diuretics (HDD, furosemide, and spirolactone) were estimated. The results indicated that HDD had the best efficacy in reducing NT-proBNP levels. In detail, HDD notably reduced NT-proBNP levels compared to conventional treatment or placebo (PLC) [MD = −950.24; 95% CrI (−1,832.21, −64.12)]. Levosimendan significantly increased GFR levels compared to PLC [MD = 14.46; 95% CrI (3.88, 25.97)] and tolvaptan [MD = 13.83; 95% CrI (2.31, 25.33)]. No significant difference was found in 60-day all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality across drugs.

Conclusion

HDD showed the best efficacy in reducing NT-proBNP levels compared with dopamine and nesiritide, and levosimendan could significantly improve GFR levels, with no marked difference in the effect of various drugs on 60-day all-cause mortality. Hence, HDD and levosimendan may be optimal agents in the treatment of AHF with renal dysfunction.

Systematic Review Registration

PROSPERO, identifier (CRD42023454616).
Predictive value of CT-based and AI-reconstructed 3D-TAPSE in patients undergoing transcatheter tricuspid valve repair
Authors: Kirchner Johannes , Gerçek Muhammed , Omran Hazem , Friedrichs Kai Peter , Rudolph Felix , Rossnagel Tobias , Piran Misagh , Goncharov Arseniy , Ivannikova Maria , Rudolph Volker , Rudolph Tanja Katharina
Published: January 2025

Background

The tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) assessed by echocardiography has failed in predicting outcomes in patients with severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) undergoing transcatheter tricuspid valve intervention (TTVI). Considering the complex shape of the tricuspid annulus and right ventricle, as well as the difficult echocardiographic image acquisition of the right heart, cardiac computed tomography (CT) might be superior for the analysis of the annular excursion. Thus, this study aimed to analyze whether CT-captured TAPSE provides additional value in predicting outcomes after TTVI.

Methods and results

For TTVI procedure planning, 75 patients (mean age, 77 ± 8 years; 61% female) with severe TR underwent full cardiac cycle CT. Septal, lateral, anterior, and posterior TAPSE, as well as TAPSE- volume, were analyzed. Indexed anterior and posterior (iTAPSE) and TAPSE volume were reduced in patients with right ventricular ejection fraction <45%. At 1 year after TTVI (mean follow-up, 193 ± 146days), the combined endpoint of death and rehospitalization occurred in significantly fewer patients with posterior iTAPSE >4.5 mm/m2 (17.2% vs. 63.6%; HR 0.225, CI 0.087–0.581; P < 0.001) and in patients with iTAPSE volume >9 ml/m2 (16.4% vs. 57.1%; HR: 0.269 CI 0.105–0.686; P = 0.003). Echocardiographic TAPSE correlated best with lateral CT-based TAPSE, although both failed in predicting outcomes after TTVI. In multivariate Cox regression, posterior iTAPSE was found to be a significant predictor of outcome 1 year after TTVI.

Conclusions

Posterior iTAPSE is an independent predictor of cardiovascular outcomes among patients undergoing TTVI. Furthermore, CT-measured TAPSE has incremental value and refines risk stratification for clinical outcomes in patients undergoing TTVI.
The correlation between serum MHR and NLR and the severity of coronary lesions in NSTE-ACS patients of different genders
Authors: Yang Yanping , Lv Xiaobing , Tan Kai , Li Kai , Li Shaohua , Meng Xia , Chen Yunyun , Wang Fuqing , Xin Hui
Published: January 2025

Background

To study the relationship between the monocyte/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and coronary artery stenosis in Non-st-elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTE-ACS) patients of different genders.

Methods

A total of 253 control and 800 NSTE-ACS patients were included, and clinic data (29 items) were also collected. NSTE-ACS patients were divided into low-risk (0–23) and high-risk (≥ 23) groups based on the Synergy between PCI with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) score. Then, Spearman correlation and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to study the associated factors of high-risk SYNTAX score in male and female NSTE-ACS patients, respectively. Finally, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to calculate the diagnostic value of MHR and NLR for predicting high-risk SYNTAX scores in male NSTE-ACS patients.

Results

Sixteen distinct factors differed between the high- and low-risk groups in male NSTE-ACS patients, a significantly higher number than female NSTE-ACS patients. Gout/hyperuricemia, smoking, NLR, and MHR are independent risk factors for arterial stenosis. At the same time, high-density lipoprotein and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) are found to be protective factors in male NSTE-ACS patients. Fibrinogen, apolipoprotein B/A, and neutrophils are identified as independent risk factors for arterial stenosis in female NSTE-ACS patients, while LVEF and high-density lipoprotein are protective factors. Finally, combined NLR and MHR [p = 0.000, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.726–0.810] had better predictive efficacy on the degree of arterial vessel stenosis than NLR or MHR alone. The sensitivity and specificity of the ROC curve were 0.672 and 0.769, respectively.

Conclusion

The combination of MHR and NLR shows potential for predicting and assessing the severity of coronary artery stenosis in male patients with NSTE-ACS.
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis; a distinctive presentation with myocarditis and autoimmune haemolytic anaemia: case report
Authors: Ayish Doaa Abdulwahab Mohammed , Ayish Fatma , Khamjan Asayel , Mohamed Amal. H. , Abdalghani Nagla , Albasheer Osama
Published: January 2025

Background

Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is an extremely rare type of vasculitis characterized by inflammation within small blood vessels or tissues that may cause damage to the lungs, heart, kidneys, and other organs. Here, we present a rare case of EGPA with cardiac involvement that presented with acute heart failure.

Clinical findings

A 44-year-old woman with a history of bronchial asthma and sinusitis presented with fever, shortness of breath, fatigue, unintentional weight loss, and polyarthritis. Physical examination revealed bilateral basal crepitation and mononeuritis multiplex.

Diagnosis

The peripheral blood smear revealed red blood cells of different sizes and shapes (dimorphic features), more eosinophils, low hemoglobin, and higher lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) revealed global hypokinesia and features suggestive of myocarditis. Echocardiography showed a low ejection fraction of 25%. Thus, the patient diagnosed with EPGA and myocarditis presented with acute heart failure.

Interventions

The patient was administered high-dose corticosteroids (intravenous bolus methylprednisolone 500 mg for three days, followed by 1 mg/kg of prednisolone) and cyclophosphamide 750 mg intravenously.

Outcome

After one months, the patient showed a marked improvement in clinical and laboratory parameters. The ejection fraction improved to 30%–40%, the eosinophil count returned to normal, and the haemolytic anaemia resolved. The patient was sent home and shifted to mycophenolate mofetil 1 g twice a day as maintenance therapy.

Conclusion

Patients with EGPA have a higher morbidity and mortality rate when they have cardiac involvement. The pathophysiological mechanism of cardiac involvement in EGPA warrants consideration of immunosuppressive therapy in addition to standard heart failure treatment.
Mechanisms of inflammatory microenvironment formation in cardiometabolic diseases: molecular and cellular perspectives
Authors: Liu Menghua , Chen Rumeng , Zheng Zhiwei , Xu Shuling , Hou Chunyan , Ding Yining , Zhang Mengling , Bao Meihua , He Binsheng , Li Sen
Published: January 2025

Cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) are leading causes of death and disability worldwide, with complex pathophysiological mechanisms in which inflammation plays a crucial role. This review aims to elucidate the molecular and cellular mechanisms within the inflammatory microenvironment of atherosclerosis, hypertension and diabetic cardiomyopathy. In atherosclerosis, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) activate immune cells contributing to foam cell formation and arterial wall thickening. Hypertension involves the activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) alongside oxidative stress-induced endothelial dysfunction and local inflammation mediated by T cells. In diabetic cardiomyopathy, a high-glucose environment leads to the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), activating the Receptor for Advanced Glycation Endproducts (RAGE) and triggering inflammatory responses that further damage cardiac and microvascular function. In summary, the inflammatory mechanisms in different types of metabolic cardiovascular diseases are complex and diverse; understanding these mechanisms deeply will aid in developing more effective individualized treatment strategies.
Post-award grant collaboration: facilitators and hindrances to cross-disciplinary authorship
Authors: Basore Chelsea , Mohammed Susan , Tirrell Bruce , Marhefka Jacqueline , Hamilton Katherine , Zhang Tianyi , Davis Carri , Hong Howard , Liao Xueyi , Miller Grace
Published: January 2025

Granting agencies often require cross-disciplinary team composition to be competitive for funding. However, to what extent do research teams have cross-disciplinary authorships after they win an award, given that grants are not contracts? This mixed-method study examined the degree to which cross-disciplinary composition translated into cross-disciplinary authorship in grant-funded teams and the factors motivating cross-disciplinary collaboration. We found that after receiving a grant award, nearly 90% of investigators chose to collaborate across disciplines, with 80% working with researchers from fields very different from their own. Interviews uncovered facilitators and hindrances to continued collaboration. Facilitators included strong interpersonal relationships, shared goals, and openness to new ideas. Common hindrances involved funding shortages and limited face-to-face interactions. What defined success in cross-disciplinary collaboration were not only research outputs but learning opportunities, highlighting the intangible benefits of cross-disciplinary research. Researchers stressed the importance of integration and resource availability for deeper collaboration across disciplines.
Navigating uncertainty: parental agency in Kansan Chinese families’ education at home during the pandemic
Authors: Yin Danqing
Published: January 2025

This study examines the experiences of five Kansan parents who took on a key role in their children’s home education during the pandemic. The author uses online interviews to investigate how parental agency is manifested through parents’ actions regarding children’s education and health. Drawing inspiration from Bandura’s theory on human agency, the study applies four core properties of agency: intentionality, forethought, self-reactiveness, and self-reflectiveness. The discussion connects the findings to the broader literature on agency, offering insights into how families navigate challenges and support children during crises such as the pandemic.
Terminal complement complex deposition on chondrocytes promotes premature senescence in age- and trauma-related osteoarthritis
Authors: Ruths Leonie , Hengge Jana , Teixeira Graciosa Q. , Haffner-Luntzer Melanie , Ignatius Anita , Riegger Jana
Published: January 2025

Background

The complement system is locally activated after joint injuries and leads to the deposition of the terminal complement complex (TCC). Sublytic TCC deposition is associated with phenotypical alterations of human articular chondrocytes (hAC) and enhanced release of inflammatory cytokines. Chronic inflammation is a known driver of chondrosenescence in osteoarthritis (OA). Therefore, we investigated whether TCC deposition contributes to stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS) during aging in vivo and after ex vivo cartilage injury.

Methods

Femoral condyles of male 13-week-old and 72-week-old CD59-ko (higher TCC deposition), C6-deficient (insufficient TCC formation), and C57BL/6 (WT) mice were collected to assess age-related OA. Furthermore, macroscopically intact human and porcine cartilage explants were traumatized and cultured with/without 30% human serum (HS) to activate the complement system. Explants were additionally treated with clusterin (CLU, TCC inhibitor), N-acetylcysteine (NAC, antioxidant), Sarilumab (IL-6 receptor inhibitor), STAT3-IN-1 (STAT3 inhibitor), or IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) in order to investigate the consequences of TCC deposition. Gene and protein expression of senescence-associated markers such as CDKN1A and CDKN2A was determined.

Results

In the murine aging model, CD59-ko mice developed after 72 weeks more severe OA compared to C6-deficient and WT mice. mRNA analysis revealed that the expression of Cdkn1a, Cdkn2a, Tp53, Il1b, and Il6 was significantly increased in the cartilage of CD59-ko mice. In human cartilage, trauma and subsequent stimulation with HS increased mRNA levels of CDKN1A, CDKN2A, and IL6, while inhibition of TCC formation by CLU reduced the expression. Antioxidative therapy with NAC had no anti-senescent effect. In porcine tissue, HS exposure and trauma had additive effects on the number of CDKN2A-positive cells, while Sarilumab, STAT-IN-1, and IL-1RA reduced CDKN2A expression by trend.

Conclusion

Our results demonstrate that complement activation and consequent TCC deposition is associated with chondrosenescence in age-related and trauma-induced OA. We provided evidence that the SIPS-like phenotype is more likely induced by TCC-mediated cytokine release rather than oxidative stress. Overall, targeting TCC formation could be a future approach to attenuate OA progression.
Case report: The case of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with chemotherapy followed by anti-CD7 CAR-T cells using retroviral vector
Authors: Zhou Huanhuan , Zhu Wenxiang , Ma Qihong , Liu Ning , Jin Mengdi , Feng Yaru , Zhao Lijun , Sun Rui , Li Rongyou , Li Huaxiu , Shi Yuanyuan , Wang Jianxun , Liu Liqiong , Guo Zhi
Published: January 2025

CD7-targeted chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cell therapy has shown great promise in the treatment of relapsed/refractory T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). In this study, we reported a case of a 34-year-old male patient with T-ALL who finally developed multi-line drug resistance and refractoriness after multiple lines of high-intensity chemotherapy. After physician evaluation, this patient received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Then, The patient remained in complete remission (CR) for four months before a relapse with 26.64% chimerism rate, so he was treated with allogeneic anti-CD7 CAR-T cells after chemotherapy reducing the tumor burden. The CAR-T product was a novel anti-CD7 CAR-T based on retroviral vectors (RV). After infusion, the patient achieved CR within 1 month after anti-CD7 CAR-T infusion and the remission has been ongoing for 9 months to date. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) 1 was experienced while no immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) was found. In addition, CAR copy number peaked at 350, 758 copies/μg on day 6. This case report of clinical treatment of T-ALL with anti-CD7 CAR-T cells prepared using a retroviral vector without gene editing and combined with chemotherapy, which demonstrated that the RV-based anti-CD7 CAR-T cells had good therapeutic effect and high safety in triple-refractory T-ALL patients.
Interactions of human milk oligosaccharides with the immune system
Authors: Slater Alanna S. , Hickey Rita M. , Davey Gavin P.
Published: January 2025

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are abundant, diverse and complex sugars present in human breast milk. HMOs are well-characterized barriers to microbial infection and by modulating the human microbiome they are also thought to be nutritionally beneficial to the infant. The structural variety of over 200 HMOs, including neutral, fucosylated and sialylated forms, allows them to interact with the immune system in various ways. Clinically, HMOs impact allergic diseases, reducing autoimmune and inflammatory responses, and offer beneficial support to the preterm infant immune health. This review examines the HMO composition and associated immunomodulatory effects, including interactions with immune cell receptors and gut-associated immune responses. These immunomodulatory properties highlight the potential for HMO use in early stage immune development and for use as novel immunotherapeutics. HMO research is rapidly evolving and promises innovative treatments for immune-related conditions and improved health outcomes.
Case report: Movement-related neuroplasticity in a patient after spinal cord injury in response to task-oriented bimanual training
Authors: Ma Di , Zeng Roy Rongyue , Chan Sofina Sy , Pan Yu , Zhang Jack Jiaqi
Published: January 2025

Background

Bimanual motor training is an effective neurological rehabilitation strategy. However, its use has rarely been investigated in patients with paralysis caused by spinal cord injury (SCI). Therefore, we conducted a case study to investigate the effects of robot-assisted task-oriented bimanual training (RBMT) on upper limb function, activities of daily living, and movement-related sensorimotor activity in a patient with SCI.

Methods

A patient with bilateral upper limb paresis due to incomplete cervical SCI underwent 20 sessions of RBMT. Functional recovery was measured using clinical scales for upper limb motor function and activities of daily living. Training-induced neuroplasticity was evaluated using event-related desynchronization (ERD) induced by movement of the right hand (the more affected side), recorded on the electroencephalogram (EEG).

Results

RBMT improved the patient’s upper limb motor function and activity independence. At baseline, our EEG paradigm demonstrated an ipsilateral predominance of movement-related ERD responses over the sensorimotor cortex (SMC) in relation to the moving hand. Following the RBMT, the ERD pattern shifted from being predominantly ipsilateral to a contralateral allocation.

Conclusion

The present case study provides preliminary evidence to support the therapeutic use of RBMT to restore upper limb function in patients with incomplete SCI. The recovery of function following SCI might be related to the rebalancing of sensorimotor activation.
Revolutionizing ovarian cancer therapy by drug repositioning for accelerated and cost-effective treatments
Authors: Villegas-Vazquez Edgar Yebran , Marín-Carrasco Francisco Pável , Reyes-Hernández Octavio Daniel , Báez-González Andrea S. , Bustamante-Montes Lilia Patricia , Padilla-Benavides Teresita , Quintas-Granados Laura Itzel , Figueroa-González Gabriela
Published: January 2025

Drug repositioning, the practice of identifying novel applications for existing drugs beyond their originally intended medical indications, stands as a transformative strategy revolutionizing pharmaceutical productivity. In contrast to conventional drug development approaches, this innovative method has proven to be exceptionally effective. This is particularly relevant for cancer therapy, where the demand for groundbreaking treatments continues to grow. This review focuses on drug repositioning for ovarian cancer treatment, showcasing a comprehensive exploration grounded in thorough in vitro experiments across diverse cancer cell lines, which are validated through preclinical in vivo models. These insights not only shed light on the efficacy of these drugs but also expand in potential synergies with other pharmaceutical agents, favoring the development of cost-effective treatments for cancer patients.
Case Report: Neonatal onset intractable diarrhea and hypoproteinemia due to intestinal malrotation and chronic midgut volvulus
Authors: Zheng Cuifang , Sun Song , Gong Ying , Miao Shijian , Dong Kuiran , Huang Ying
Published: January 2025

Congenital diarrhea and enteropathies (CODEs) are a rare heterogeneous group of inherited disorders that typically present with severe chronic diarrhea during the first weeks of life. As a broad range of illnesses can present similarly in infants, establishing a definitive cause for CODEs is challenging. In this report, two infants were suspected to have CODE, with neonatal-onset chronic diarrhea and protein-losing enteropathy finally found to be due to intestinal malrotation and chronic midgut volvulus. Although the disease onset time was during the neonatal period, the typical findings of intestinal malrotation and volvulus were not present. Following the diagnostic approach for CODEs, both patients underwent extensive examinations without a definitive diagnosis. Intestinal malrotation was incidentally detected by an abdominal CT examination. After surgical correction of the underlying malrotation (Ladd's procedure), both infants had resolution of their diarrhea and hypoalbuminemia.
Current status and future directions of application of urine proteomics in neonatology
Authors: Wu Dan , Zhang Lulu , Ding Fangrui
Published: January 2025

With continuous advancements in mass spectrometry technology, researchers increasingly utilize this method to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying various diseases, and to identify novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Among proteomics applications, urinary proteomics stands out for its non-invasive nature, making it particularly suitable for vulnerable populations like neonates. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent research on urinary proteomics in the field of neonatology. It summarizes findings from numerous studies, illustrating how urinary proteomic profiles provide critical insights into neonatal health and disease. By identifying specific protein biomarkers in urine, researchers can gain insights into the early detection and monitoring of neonatal diseases, potentially leading to more timely and effective interventions. As technology evolves, the sensitivity and accuracy of proteomic analyses are expected to improve, opening new avenues for research and clinical applications.
Validity of the Alberta Infants Motor Scale in Norwegian infants aged 6–9 months through comparison with Canadian and Dutch scores
Authors: Göthner Anniken , Riiser Kirsti , Tveten Kine Melfald
Published: January 2025

Introduction

The Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) is widely used to assess infant motor development but has shown limited cross-cultural validity in various populations. The distribution of the original AIMS scores has not been cross-culturally validated for Norwegian infants. This study aimed to evaluate the applicability of the Canadian AIMS norm reference for Norwegian infants aged 6–9 months and compare their percentile rankings with the Canadian and Dutch norms.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, AIMS scores from a sample of 189 Norwegian infants aged 6–9 months were compared to the Canadian and Dutch norms. Total raw scores from the Canadian norms were compared to those of the Norwegian sample, and the percentiles of the Canadian and Dutch sample were compared to tentative Norwegian percentiles.

Results

Norwegian infants aged 6–9 months consistently scored lower on the AIMS than their Canadian counterparts (p < 0.001), with 81% scoring at or below the 50th percentile and 18% falling at or below cut-off indicating possible motor delay. Using the Dutch norms, 20% of the Norwegian sample scored at or below the 50th percentile, while only 1% scored at or below the cut-off. A comparison of the percentile ranks showed that Canadian norms had the highest ranks for all age groups, followed by the Norwegian sample and subsequently the Dutch norms. The observed difference is considered clinically significant.

Conclusion

Neither Canadian nor Dutch AIMS norms are valid for Norwegian infants due to the Canadian norms being too stringent and the Dutch norms being too lenient. A thorough cross-cultural validation for infants 0–18 months to establish Norwegian-specific AIMS norms is recommended.
MLL-AF4 upregulates 5-lipoxygenase expression in t(4;11) leukemia cells via the ALOX5 core promoter
Authors: Hyprath Marius , Molitor Maximilian , Schweighöfer Ilona , Marschalek Rolf , Steinhilber Dieter
Published: January 2025

5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO), encoded by the gene ALOX5, is implicated in several pathologies. As key enzyme in leukotriene biosynthesis, 5-LO plays a central role in inflammatory diseases, but the 5-LO pathway has also been linked to development of certain hematological and solid tumor malignancies. Of note, previous studies have shown that the leukemogenic fusion protein MLL-AF4 strongly increases ALOX5 gene promoter activity. Here, we investigate the upregulation of ALOX5 gene expression by MLL-AF4. Using reporter assays, we first identified the tandem GC box within the ALOX5 promotor sequence as the main target of MLL-AF4. Subsequently, we narrowed down the domains within the MLL-AF4 protein responsible for ALOX5 promoter activation. Our findings indicate that MLL-AF4 binds to the ALOX5 promoter via its CXXC domain and that the AF9ID, pSER and CHD domains redundantly activate transcriptional elongation. Knockdown of the MLL-AF4 gene in the human B cell line SEM revealed that MLL-AF4 is an inducer of ALOX5 gene expression in leukemic cells with lymphoid properties. Finally, we found that the MLL-AF4-related protein MLL-AF9, a driver of acute myeloid leukemia, similarly acts on the ALOX5 promoter. Taken together, we show that two prominent MLL fusion proteins are ALOX5 gene inducers in cells with lymphoid features.
DNA methylation inhibitors adverse reaction characteristic analysis: an analysis based on the European spontaneous adverse event reporting system
Authors: Zhang Xia , Liu Yuyu , Hou Qingwang , Guo Yongxin , He Youfu
Published: January 2025

Introduction

DNA methylation inhibitors have been approved for the prevention of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), and their safety profile is not fully characterized. This study was aimed at evaluating the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of DNA methylation inhibitors by analyzing the individual case safety reports (ICSRs) collected in the EudraVigilance (EV) database.

Materials and methods

The EV database managed by the European Medicines Agency was adopted. The standardized medical terminology set MedDRA was utilized. The ICSRs data of DNA methylation inhibitors for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia originated from the EV database (2005–2024). A descriptive exploration of the combined data from EV was undertaken to assess the age, gender of patients, severity and outcome of ADR, event year, geographical origin and the qualification of the reporting source. A comprehensive assessment was made for severe ADR cases. By means of the Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI), a non-proportional analysis was made for MedDRA® SOC in DNA methylation inhibitors. Statistical analysis was executed with SPSS version 23.0, and p < 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant.

Result

The study reveals that reports related to AZACITIDINE increased from 2005 to 2023, with a slight decline in 2024, while those for DECITABINE have been on the rise since 2007. ICSRs were associated with a majority of males and individuals aged 65–85. Healthcare professionals frequently reported ICSRs related to DNA methylation inhibitors. A significant portion of these ICSRs were serious and completely resolved. The most common ADRs were identified, and certain ADRs had a higher reporting probability with AZACITIDINE (e.g., Febrile neutropenia, Anamia, etc.) and others with DECITABINE (e.g., Myelosuppression, Thrombocytopenia, etc.).

Conclusion

The analysis regarding ADRs of DNA methylation inhibitors was consistent with the literature information disclosed. AZACITIDINE and DECITABINE each have ADRs with a high probability of being reported. Although the study has the advantage of using the database, it is limited by the spontaneous reporting system. Future improvements are needed to accurately evaluate the safety of the drugs.
Development of a non-invasive heart rate measurement method for sea turtles with dense keratinous scutes through effective electrode placement
Authors: Saito Ayaka , Sakai Kino , Kawai Megumi , Lyu Lyu , Kameda Kazunari , Kudo Hiromi , Sato Katsufumi , Sakamoto Kentaro Q.
Published: January 2025

Measuring the heart rate of sea turtles is important for understanding their physiological adaptations to the environment. Non-invasive methods to measure the electrocardiogram (ECG) of sea turtles have been developed by attaching electrodes to their carapace. However, this method has only been applicable to sea turtles with sparse keratin on their shell surfaces, such as loggerhead turtles, and it is difficult to detect heartbeats in sea turtles with dense keratinous scutes, including green sea turtles. Here, we explored the electrode placements on the plastron that can be applied to ECG measurement in green turtles. ECG signals were checked using a handheld ECG monitor at three sets of electrode placement on the plastron. When ECG signals could be detected, they were measured in the water tanks for several days to confirm the clarity of the ECG signals. Of the 29 green turtles, when the negative electrode was placed near the neck area of the plastron, clear ECG signals were obtained in nine individuals (39.1%), whereas ECG signals were not detected at any placements in four individuals (17.4%). Furthermore, in the water tank experiments, continuous ECG signals were successfully recorded by attaching a negative electrode near the neck: almost noiseless clear ECG signals even during moving in seven out of ten individuals and slightly weak and noisy signals in other individuals. The measured heart rate of ten individuals during resting was 8.6 ± 2.9 (means ± s.d.) beats min−1 and that during moving was 12.2 ± 4.7 beats min−1, similar to those reported in a previous study involving the insertion of electrodes inside the body. Therefore, for measuring the ECG of green turtles, the negative electrode should be placed closer to the neck, and the positive and earth electrodes should be placed to the lower left of the plastron. Although the selection of suitable individuals for measurements is required, this heart rate measurement method will contribute to a better understanding of the physiological status of sea turtles with dense keratinous scutes, including green turtles.
Non-specific effect of double-stranded RNAs on Egyptian broomrape (Phelipanche aegyptiaca) seed germination
Authors: Zainali Nariman , Alizadeh Houshang , Alizadeh Hassan , Delavault Philippe
Published: January 2025

Obligate root parasitic plants of the Orobanchaceae family exhibit an intricate germination behavior. The host-dependent germination process of these parasites has prompted extensive research into effective control methods. While the effect of biomaterials such as amino acids and microRNA-encoded peptides have been explored, the effect of double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) has remained unexamined during the germination process. In this study, we asked whether an exogenously applied dsRNA can inhibit the germination of a root parasite, P. aegyptiaca. To this end, a dsRNA was designed to target the CYP707A1 (dsCYP7), a marker gene of the chemically-dependent germination of broomrape seeds. Application of a concentrated dsCYP7 significantly reduced seed germination. However, two non-germination-specific dsRNAs designed to target mannose-6-phosphate reductase and green fluorescent protein brought about similar inhibitions. Moreover, applying rNTPs and dNTPs, which mimic nitrogenous bases of nucleic acids, also caused a similar reduction in germination, suggesting that the non-specific inhibitory effect of the dsRNAs might arise from their nucleotides. While dsRNA application inhibited seed germination, their non-specific effects may pose a challenge for their application in studying root parasites germination. This underscores the importance of finding solutions to minimize the non-specific effects of dsRNAs to improve the potential of dsRNA as a tool to study and control root parasitic plants.
The impact of the interaction between BDNF rs7103411 gene polymorphism and social activities on mild cognitive impairment in community-dwelling elderly adults
Authors: Tan Zhenkun , Ping Junjiao , Zhang Ying , Kong Chuijia , Luo Jiali , Liu Xinxia
Published: January 2025

Objective

To investigate the correlation between BDNF gene polymorphism, BDNF levels, and susceptibility to mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods

In this study, we investigated 107 elderly adults individuals from a community in Zhongshan, Guangdong Province, with an average age of 73.17 ± 7.081 years. The participants included 52 patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment due to Alzheimer’s Disease and 55 cognitively normal elderly adults control subjects. The two groups were matched based on gender, age, and education level. We assessed their cognitive functions and analyzed their genotypes and serum BDNF levels. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to evaluate the differences in serum BDNF levels between the MCI group and the control group. Multivariate linear regression was utilized to analyze the association between BDNF levels and susceptibility to MCI, as well as cognitive functions. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to investigate the association between BDNF gene polymorphisms and the risk of developing MCI, along with their interactions.

Results

The ANCOVA analysis indicated that there was no significant difference in serum BDNF levels between the MCI group and the control group (P > 0.05). Correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) total scores and MCI (r = -0.461, P = 0.001), with significant correlations observed in orientation (r = -0.420, P = 0.002). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that specific polymorphisms, including rs7103411 (CT+TT vs. CC), rs6265 (CT and CT+TT vs. CC), rs11030104 (AG and AG+GG vs. AA), and rs988748 (CG+CC vs. GG), were significantly associated with decreased serum BDNF levels (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression showed that rs7103411 polymorphism was associated with susceptibility to MCI; individuals with the CT or CC genotype had a 0.370 times lower risk of developing MCI compared to those with the TT genotype (OR = 0.370, 95% CI: 0.141-0.970, P = 0.043). A significant interaction was found between rs7103411 and social activity, which influenced the risk of developing MCI. Specifically, individuals with the CT or TT genotype of rs7103411 who engaged in social activities had a significantly lower risk of developing MCI (OR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.117-0.878, P = 0.027).

Conclusion

This study indicates that BDNF rs7103411、rs6265、rs11030104 and rs988748 are associated with decreased serum BDNF levels in MCI patients. Individuals carrying the TT genotype in the BDNF rs7103411 gene are associated with an increased susceptibility to MCI. Individuals with the rs7103411 CT or TT genotype who participated in social activities showed a significantly reduced risk of developing MCI, suggesting that the interaction between the BDNF rs7103411 genotype and social activity can help reduce the risk of MCI.
Outcomes and associated factors of cervical human papillomavirus infection among 608 women in Shenzhen, China, 2018–2023
Authors: Lv Zhenghan , He Xuesen , Li Zhiju , Yuan Yue , Zhou Xinyi , Tu Changqing , Yang Yinqi , Huang Yanshan , Yin Lili , Chen Huihui , Tao Yanling
Published: January 2025

Objective

This study aimed to uncover the patterns of Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection outcomes in women and assess the risk factors that may affect these outcomes.

Methods

A retrospective study was conducted on 608 women who tested positive for HPV-DNA during their initial visit to the outpatient department of Shenzhen Longgang Central Hospital from 2018 to 2023 and who had subsequent HPV-DNA testing as part of their post-visit monitoring. The monitoring intervals were every 6 months. The rank sum test was used to analyze ranked data. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to analyze the turning negative time. Univariate analysis was performed using the log-rank test, and multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox model to analyze independent risk factors.

Results

The results showed that the median age was 40.00 years (interquartile 33.00–47.00 years), the total conversion rate of the HPV-negative patients was 38.98%, and the median conversion time of the HPV-negative patients was 8.95 months (interquartile 4.20–16.175 months). Age, infection status and type of health insurance were significantly correlated with HPV outcome (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Among women infected with HPV, the overall rate of negative HPV infection was 38.93%, and the duration of negative conversion was 8.95 months. The study revealed that age, HPV infection status, and type of medical insurance are independent predictors of the persistence of negative HPV test outcomes.
Social smart city research: interconnections between participatory governance, data privacy, artificial intelligence and ethical sustainable development
Authors: Rasoulzadeh Aghdam Samad , Bababei Morad Behnaz , Ghasemzadeh Behnam , Irani Mazdak , Huovila Aapo
Published: January 2025

Social aspects constitute both concerns and opportunities in smart city development, as evidenced by a rapidly increasing body of research. This article presents the first-ever review of all the existing research on social focus in smart cities, delineating the distribution of topics, knowledge bases, and research frontiers that constitute the existing body of knowledge. A bibliometric review was performed to pinpoint publication trends, influential authors, their institutions, and prevalent subject areas within the literature since 2000. Using the Web of Science database, an amalgamation of major indexes (SCI-EXPANDED, SSCI, AHCI, ESCI) were applied to consider the research pattern and citation impact in different disciplines. 1,030 selected articles were subjected to bibliometric mapping using VOSviewer. The results show an almost exponential growth in the number of publications from 2015 onwards. Four interconnected thematic clusters cropped up: (1) participatory governance, (2) data privacy and security, (3) artificial intelligence and social media, and (4) ethics and sustainable development. A deeper analysis of key terms used in recent research revealed the following hot topics: (1) governance and citizen participation, (2) artificial intelligence technologies such as machine learning, (3) blockchain, and (4) Internet of Things. Co-authorship and geographical analyses underpin a solid international collaboration for leading institutions. The results underscore the rising significance of social smart city research by emphasizing the interconnectedness of governance, technology, citizen engagement, and ethics for a comprehensive approach to smart city initiatives. Furthermore, they recommend integrating social equity into these frameworks and enhancing geographic studies through greater international collaboration.
Values, attitude, and desire in organic food purchase intention in Mexico
Authors: Leyva-Hernández Sandra Nelly , Toledo-López Arcelia , Hernández-Lara Ana Beatriz , Arango-Ramírez Paola Miriam , Avendaño-Rito María del Carmen
Published: January 2025

Introduction

This investigation analyses the purchase intention for organic foods through the influence of the consumer’s values, attitude, and desire, how this attitude mediates the relationship between consumer values and purchase intention, and how consumer desire mediates the relationship between attitude and purchase intention.

Methods

The quantitative approach was used with a transversal type of research. Data was collected through a survey of 204 consumers of organic foods in Mexico. The analysis of these results was carried out through partial least squares structural equation modeling.

Results

Only appearance consciousness and environmental awareness are the motivators of the goals to influence the behavior of consumers when attitude mediates the relationships. However, when attitude mediated the relationship, health consciousness and social awareness were not significant motivators of behavioral intention.

Discussion

This analysis serves as a basis for deepening the study of gastronomic tourism in rural areas such as Mexico since this type of food is sold in tourist places. The model proposed can be used as a theoretical framework for future studies. Marketers can also use the results in marketing strategies as community marketing in economies like Latin American countries.