bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Profitability, Liquidity, and Solvency on Financial Distress of Textile and Garment Companies in Indonesia
Authors: Maximillian Nathaniel , Septina Fanny
Published: September 2022

Indonesia's manufacturing GDP growth experienced a downward trend from 2015-2020. All manufacturing companies experienced a decline, including textile and garment sub-sector companies. There are 4 textile and garment sub-sector companies that have suffered consecutive losses and high raw material costs caused indications of financial distress in textile and garment sub-sector companies. This study aims to determine the effect of profitability, liquidity, and solvency on financial distress in textile and garment sub-sector companies for the period 2015-2020. Profitability is measured by Return On Asset (ROA), liquidity is measured by Current Asset (CR), solvency is measured by Debt to Asset (DAR), and financial distress is measured by Altman Z-score. This study sample used 15 textile and garment sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This study uses a quantitative approach. Data analysis method using Pooled Least Square. The results showed that profitability and liquidity had a positive and significant effect on financial distress. Solvency has a negative and significant effect on financial distress.
Factors of development of legal culture of modern Russia
Authors: Snashkov Sergei Alekseevich
Published: September 2022

The article presents an analysis of factors that significantly affect the processes of formation and development of the legal culture of modern Russia. The author focuses on legal policy and legal education, characterizing their features and levels of interaction with the phenomenon of legal culture.
Impact of cerebral small vessel disease on symptomatic in-stent restenosis in intracranial atherosclerosis
Authors: Fu Weilun , Yan Long , Hou Zhikai , Yu Ying , Zhang Weiyi , Cui RongRong , Gao Feng , Mo Dapeng , Lou Xin , Miao Zhongrong , Ma Ning
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVE

Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) commonly coexists with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS). In-stent restenosis (ISR) affects the nonprocedural outcome of severe symptomatic ICAS after intracranial stenting. However, only 8%–27% of ISR patients are symptomatic, which highlights the importance of the investigation of risk factors associated with symptomatic ISR (SISR) to improve long-term functional outcome. Whether CSVD is associated with SISR remains unclear. The authors tested the hypothesis that CSVD is associated with SISR in ICAS patients after intracranial stenting.

METHODS

This retrospective study enrolled 97 patients who were symptomatic due to severe anterior circulation ICAS treated with intracranial stenting. SISR was evaluated with clinical and vascular imaging follow-up. CSVD subtypes, including white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), enlarged perivascular spaces, and chronic lacunar infarctions, were evaluated. Cox regression analysis was used to compare the incidence of SISR between patients with and without CSVD.

RESULTS

Of the enrolled patients, 58.8% had CSVD. The 1- and 2-year ISR rates were 24.7% and 37.1%, respectively. Of the CSVD subtypes, SISR was associated with deep WMHs (DWMHs; HR 5.39, 95% CI 1.02–28.44). DWMH Fazekas scale grades 2 (HR 85.54, 95% CI 2.42–3018.93) and 3 (HR 66.24, 95% CI 1.87–2352.32) were associated with SISR, but DWMH Fazekas grades 0 and 1 were not. The proportions of SISR in patients with DWMH Fazekas grades 0, 1, 2, and 3 were 16.7%, 33.3%, 50%, and 100%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Patients with CSVD have a higher risk of SISR than those without CSVD. Of the CSVD subtypes, patients with DWMHs are associated with SISR. The DWMH Fazekas scale score is considered to be a predictor for SISR.
Predictors of favorable outcome following hypoglossal-to-facial nerve anastomosis for facial nerve palsy: a systematic review and patient-level analysis of a literature-based cohort
Authors: Mualem William , Alexander A. Yohan , Bambakidis Peter , Michalopoulos Giorgos D. , Kerezoudis Panagiotis , Link Michael J. , Peris-Celda Maria , Mardini Samir , Bydon Mohamad
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVE

Facial nerve palsy is a debilitating condition that can arise from iatrogenic, traumatic, or congenital causes. One treatment to improve function of the facial muscles after facial nerve injury is hypoglossal-to-facial nerve anastomosis (HFA). HFA’s efficacy and predictors of its success vary in the literature. Here, the authors present a patient-level analysis of a literature-based cohort to assess outcomes and investigate predictors of success for HFA.

METHODS

Seven electronic databases were queried for studies providing baseline characteristics and outcomes of patients who underwent HFA. Postoperative outcomes were measured using the House-Brackmann (HB) grading scale. A change in HB grade of 3 points or more was classified as favorable. A cutoff value for time to anastomosis associated with a favorable outcome was determined using the Youden Index.

RESULTS

Nineteen articles with 157 patients met the inclusion criteria. The mean follow-up length was 27.4 months, and the mean time to anastomosis after initial injury was 16 months. The end-to-side and end-to-end anastomosis techniques were performed on 84 and 48 patients, respectively. Of the 130 patients who had available preoperative and postoperative HB data, 60 (46.2%) had a favorable outcome. Time from initial injury to anastomosis was significantly different between patients with favorable and unfavorable outcomes (7.3 months vs 29.2 months, respectively; p < 0.001). The optimal cutoff for time to anastomosis to achieve a favorable outcome was 6.5 months (area under the curve 0.75). Patients who underwent anastomosis within 6.5 months of injury were more likely to achieve a favorable outcome (73% vs 31%, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

HFA is an effective method for restoring facial nerve function. Favorable outcomes for facial nerve palsy may be more likely to occur when time to anastomosis is within a 6.5-month window.
Assessment of outcomes in consecutive patients undergoing dorsal scapular nerve decompression
Authors: Ottestad Einar , Wilson Thomas J.
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVE

Periscapular pain has a broad differential diagnosis. Dorsal scapular neuropathy is part of that differential diagnosis but is often forgotten by clinicians, leading to delayed diagnosis, chronic pain, and potentially worse outcomes. The objective of this study was to describe our method for diagnosis, surgical technique, intraoperative findings, and outcomes in consecutive patients undergoing dorsal scapular nerve (DSN) decompression.

METHODS

A retrospective cohort study was performed to compile and describe outcomes for consecutive patients (n = 21) who underwent DSN decompression by a single surgeon during the period between August 2018 and February 2021. The primary outcome was change in visual analog scale (VAS) score for periscapular pain between baseline and 6 months postoperatively. Secondary outcomes included change in VAS score for overall pain, change in Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score, and change in the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (Zung SDS) between baseline and 6 and 12 months postoperatively.

RESULTS

Patients undergoing DSN decompression showed significant improvement in VAS score for periscapular pain between baseline and 6 months postoperatively (mean score 54.0 vs 26.8, respectively; p < 0.001). Fifteen of 21 patients (71%) had a good outcome (score improvement ≥ 20). Disability (as determined by DASH scores) was significantly improved at 6 and 12 months postoperatively. The only factor that was predictive of outcome was symptom duration, with longer symptom duration predicting a poor outcome.

CONCLUSIONS

Surgical treatment of dorsal scapular neuropathy is associated with significant improvements in pain and disability, and these improvements are durable. Morbidity associated with surgical treatment is low.
Minimally invasive surgery for spinal cerebrospinal fluid leaks in spontaneous intracranial hypotension
Authors: Beck Jürgen , Hubbe Ulrich , Klingler Jan-Helge , Roelz Roland , Kraus Luisa Mona , Volz Florian , Lützen Niklas , Urbach Horst , Kieselbach Kristin , Fung Christian
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVE

Spinal CSF leaks cause spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH). Surgical closure of spinal CSF leaks is the treatment of choice for persisting leaks. Surgical approaches vary, and there are no studies in which minimally invasive techniques were used. In this study, the authors aimed to detail the safety and feasibility of minimally invasive microsurgical sealing of spinal CSF leaks using nonexpandable tubular retractors.

METHODS

Consecutive patients with SIH and a confirmed spinal CSF leak treated at a single institution between April 2019 and December 2020 were included in the study. Surgery was performed via a dorsal 2.5-cm skin incision using nonexpandable tubular retractors and a tailored interlaminar fenestration and, if needed, a transdural approach. The primary outcome was successful sealing of the dura, and the secondary outcome was the occurrence of complications.

RESULTS

Fifty-eight patients, 65.5% of whom were female (median age 46 years [IQR 36–55 years]), with 38 ventral leaks, 17 lateral leaks, and 2 CSF venous fistulas were included. In 56 (96.6%) patients, the leak could be closed, and in 2 (3.4%) patients the leak was missed because of misinterpretation of the imaging studies. One of these patients underwent successful reoperation, and the other patient decided to undergo surgery at another institution. Two other patients had to undergo reoperation because of insufficient closure and a persisting leak. The rate of permanent neurological deficit was 1.7%, the revision rate for a persisting or recurring leak was 3.4%, and the overall revision rate was 10.3%. The rate of successful sealing during the primary closure attempt was 96.6% and 3.4% patients needed a secondary attempt. Clinical short-term outcome at discharge was unchanged in 14 patients and improved in 25 patients, and 19 patients had signs of rebound intracranial hypertension.

CONCLUSIONS

Minimally invasive surgery with tubular retractors and a tailored interlaminar fenestration and, if needed, a transdural approach is safe and effective for the treatment of spinal CSF leaks. The authors suggest performing a minimally invasive closure of spinal CSF leaks in specialized centers.
MARSHAK EDITOR OF GIANNI RODARI’S CIPOLLINO’S ADVENTURES. SOME PRELIMINARY ARCHIVE-BASED OBSERVATIONS
Authors:   University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, De Florio Giulia
Published: September 2022

Samuil Marshak’s brief account “Why Did I Translate Gianni Rodari’s poems” [Marshak 1971] provides an interesting “inside look” at his translation practice in relation to the poems of the Italian children’s poet. Nevertheless, the information it contains is far from exhaustive on the subject of “Marshak translator of Gianni Rodari”. Moreover, Marshak was also the editor of other translations of the Italian writer’s works, namely The Adventures of Cipollino by Zlata Potapova. When analysing Potapova’s translation and Marshak’s suggested changes—included in a typewritten copy kept in Marshak’s archive — one can easily observe a number of translation strategies that underline not only Samuel Yakovlevich’s close attention to the transfer of the verbal text and whole cultural system from Italian into Russian, but also his freedom to shift the emotional and logic accent of the text according to his own belief about what makes children’s literature great. Such preliminary observations aim at providing a starting point to identify his approach to editing and translation of children’s literature.
Inequalities for space-bounded Kolmogorov complexity
Authors: Bauwens Bruno , Gács Peter , Romashchenko Andrei , Shen Alexander
Published: September 2022

Finding all linear inequalities for entropies remains an important open question in information theory. For a long time the only known inequalities for entropies of tuples of random variables were Shannon (submodularity) inequalities. Only in 1998 Zhang and Yeung 1998 found the first inequality that cannot be represented as a convex combination of Shannon inequalities, and several other non-Shannon inequalities were found soon after that. It turned out that the class of linear inequalities for entropies is rather fundamental, since the same class can be equivalently defined in terms of subgroup sizes or projections of multidimensional sets (Chan 2001, Chan, Yeung 2002, Romashchenko, Shen, Vereshchagin 2000). The non-Shannon inequalities have interesting applications (e.g., to proofs of lower bounds for the information ratio of secret sharing schemes). Still the class of linear inequalities for entropies is not well understood, though some partial results are known (e.g., Matúš has shown in 2007 that this class cannot be generated by a finite family of inequalities). This class also appears in algorithmic information theory: the same linear inequalities are true for Shannon entropies of tuples of random variables and Kolmogorov complexities of tuples of strings (Hammer et al., 1997). This parallelism started with the Kolmogorov–Levin formula 1968 for the complexity of pairs of strings with logarithmic precision. Longpré proved in 1986 a version of this formula for the space-bounded complexities. In this paper we prove a stronger version of Longpré’s result with a tighter space bound, using Sipser’s trick 1980. Then, using this result, we show that every linear inequality that is true for complexities or entropies, is also true for space-bounded Kolmogorov complexities with a polynomial space overhead, thus extending the parallelism to the space-bounded algorithmic information theory.
An improved mayfly algorithm based on Kapur entropy for multilevel thresholding color image segmentation
Authors: Zhao Xiaohan , Zhu Liangkuan , Wu Bowen
Published: September 2022

Multilevel thresholding segmentation of color images plays an important role in many fields. The pivotal procedure of this technique is determining the specific threshold of the images. In this paper, an improved mayfly algorithm (IMA)-based color image segmentation method is proposed. Tent mapping initializes the female mayfly population to increase population diversity. Lévy flight is introduced in the wedding dance iterative formulation to make IMA jump from the local optimal solution quickly. Two nonlinear coefficients were designed to speed up the convergence of the algorithm. To better verify the effectiveness, eight benchmark functions are used to test the performance of IMA. The average fitness value, standard deviation, and Wilcoxon rank sum test are used as evaluation metrics. The results show that IMA outperforms the comparison algorithm in terms of search accuracy. Furthermore, Kapur entropy is used as the fitness function of IMA to determine the segmentation threshold. 10 Berkeley images are segmented. The best fitness value, peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), structural similarity index (SSIM), and other indexes are used to evaluate the effect of segmented images. The results show that the IMA segmentation method improves the segmentation accuracy of color images and obtains higher quality segmented images.
An improved ensemble classification-based secure two stage bagging pruning technique for guaranteeing privacy preservation of DNA sequences in electronic health records
Authors: Kaladevi P. , Janakiraman Sengathir , Ramalingam Praveen , Muthusankar D.
Published: September 2022

The advent of machine learning in the recent decade has excelled in determining new potential features and non-linear relationships existing between the data derived from the Electronic Health Records (EHR). Machine learning also enhances the process of handling data with maximum predictor variables compared to observations during the data mining process of prediction. The EHR data is often confronted with quality issues that are related to misclassification, missingness and measurement errors. In this context, ensemble classification schemes are determined to be essential for preventing the quality issues of EHR data. Moreover, the data sources like EHR include sensitive information that needs to be protected from disclosure before it is forwarded to the mining process. Further, the sensitive data of EHR must be hidden without modifying the dataset such that it does not influence the prediction accuracy of the incorporated ensemble classification mechanism. In this paper, the process of hiding EHR data is facilitated through Improved Sensitivity Drift based k-Anonymized Data Perturbation Scheme (ISD-k-ADP) that randomly perturbs the data in the dataset by including restricted amount of noise. This controlled amount of included noise is derived carefully from the Sensitivity Drift based depending on the expected privacy level before it is sent to the process of classification. This ISD-k-ADP scheme is reliable such that, it prevents the impact induced by the hidden data during the process of Two Stage Bagging Pruning based Ensemble Classification (TSBP-EC). Furthermore, the TSBP-EC uses the methods of distance and accuracy based pruning that aids in minimizing the size of the ensemble for ensuring effective and efficient classification using machine learning. The simulation results of the proposed ISD-k-ADP-TSBP-EC scheme is determined to be predominant based on Classification Accuracy, Precision, Recall and Kappa Statistic in contrast to the standard schemes.
Luminance contrast preferences of people with a vision impairment for elements in the built environment
Authors: Manandhar Sarita , Lukman Aldyfra , Dain Stephen J. , Bridge Catherine E. , Relf Mark , Boon Mei Ying
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: Standards for building elements recommend a minimum luminance contrast of 30%. The basis of this value and the metric originally used is not known. OBJECTIVE: To begin to provide an evidence base for the specification of minimum contrast in building elements. METHODS: Subjects with and without a vision impairment were characterized by visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, visual fields and color vision. On an iPad they rated the visibility, as a function of contrast, of simulated door frames, door handles, light switches and stair nosings as “not visible at all”, “poorly visible”, “easily visible” and “extremely easily visible”. RESULTS: The contrasts for each level of visibility were highly correlated with visual acuity and contrast sensitivity. A principal component analysis also verified the importance of visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and visual fields in rating visibility of simulations of building elements. The required contrast for door handles, light switches and stair nosings to attain the same ratings of visibility were very similar but less contrast was required for door frames. CONCLUSIONS: 30% Michelson contrast for building elements renders building elements only poorly visible for those with severe vision impairments. 65% luminance contrast is necessary for all elements to be “easily visible”. Some increase (not a decrease) on the present 30% requirement and encouragement to exceed this requirement would seem appropriate. The use of simulated objects facilitates a systematic examination of the effect of contrast, but the applicability of the results to real-life remains to be demonstrated.
Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terpimpin Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis
Authors: Carolina Hifni Septina , Dewi Asih Fitriana , Sari Tika Mayang , Alpiah Alpiah , Hakim Annisa
Published: September 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh  penerapan model pembelajaran inkuiri terpimpin terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis. Desain penelitian adalah group pretest-posttest non equivalen.   Data penelitian diperoleh dari pretes dan postes pada setiap pertemuan, dihitung dengan rumus N- skor gain.  Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran inkuiri terpimpin dengan skor gain 62, 23 lebih tinggi dibanding tanpa model inkuiri terpimpin 41, 03. Berati bahwa kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa pada kelas yang pembelajarannya menggunakan model pembelajaran inkuiri terpimpin lebih tinggi daripada kelas yang pembelajarannya menggunakan model diskusi kelompok.

Kata kunci: model pembelajaran, inkuiri terpimpin, kemampuan  berpikir kritis
SOSIALISASI MENUMBUHKAN MINAT SISWA-SISWI AKAN INVESTASI JANGKA PANJANG DIERA MILINEAL 4.0 BIDANG PENDIDIKAN DI DESA WATES KECAMATAN WAY RATAI
Authors: Rahmawati Nur Indah , Lumbu Aliyandi A , Basri Basri , Septiyana Linda , Susanti Liana Dewi , Hammer Welfarina
Published: September 2022

Sosialisasi adalah suatu proses kegiatan pembelajaran yang ada dilingkungan sosial guna menanamkan nilai-nilai dan tujuan yang diharapkan dalam anggota kelompok dan masyarakat. Metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah berbasis PAR (Participatory Action Resarch). PAR adalah suatu metode baru yang diterapkan, dimana mahasiswa berperan serta, saling memahami, menganalisa dan melakukan tindakan bersama-sama dengan masyarakat. Tujuan memberikan pemahaman agar siswa-siswi memiliki kesadaran untuk memanfaatkan teknologi sebagai alat untuk meningkatkan perekonomian baik disegala bidang akan investasi jangka panjang di era milenial 4.0 dibidang pendidikan di desa wates kecamatan way ratai. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilaksanakan dalam bentuk pelatihan secara teoritik dan praktek penggunaan teknologi informatika (internet). Sasaran utama dalam kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat adalah anak muda terpelajar dan cepat akan perkembangan teknologi dibidang pendidikan yaitu 30 Siswa-siswi MA AL-ISLAM Desa Wates kecamatan Way Ratai. Pengabdian ini dilaksanakan 10 orang mahasiwa dari Fakultas Tarbiyah, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis, Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Dakwah dan Fakultas Syari’ah. Hasil pengabdian ini 1) Meningkatkan pemahaman siswa-siswi akan pentingnya teknologi diera milenial 4.0. 2) Meningkatkan keterampilan siswa-siswi sebagai sarana menumbuhkan minat siswa-siswi akan investasi jangka panjang diera milineal 4.0 bidang pendidikan. Dan 3) Memotivasi siswa-siswi yang tinggal desa wates kecamatam way ratai dalam upaya meningkatkan perekonomian desa dengan memanfaatkan media internet.
PEMETAAN KOMPETENSI DASAR DAN INTEGRASI KEARIFAN LOKAL DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPA SMP DI KABUPATEN MUARO JAMBI
Authors: Basuki Fibrika Rahmat , Kurniawan Wawan , Jufrida Jufrida , Kurniawan Dwi Agus
Published: September 2022

Muaro Jambi adalah salah satu kabupaten yang kaya akan kearifan lokal dan potensi lokal. Tetapi studi ilmu pengetahuan di sekolah belum mengintegrasikan kearifan lokal. Karena masih banyak guru yang kesulitan mengintegrasikan kearifan lokal ke dalam pembelajaran. Solusi untuk mengatasi masalah ini adalah melalui pemetaan kompetensi dasar dan integrasi kearifan lokal dalam pembelajaran sains. Kegiatan penjangkauan masyarakat dilaksanakan di SMPN 7 Muaro Jambi. Peserta acara kepada masyarakat adalah guru IPA di Kabupaten Muaro Jambi. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan pelayanan masyarakat ini berbentuk Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Potensi kearifan lokal Jambi yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber ilmu belajar, yaitu Sekapur Sirih, prosesi pernikahan tradisional Jambi, Candi Muaro Jambi, rumah Kajang Leko, perahu, tangkul, lubuk larangan, hutan adat, hutan desa, Tempoyak, bambu Lemang, batik Jambi, pembuatan batu bata, proses Machete oleh pandai besi, desa elektrik mandiri, Gunung Kerinci, perkebunan teh kayu Aro, perkebunan kentang, dodol kentang, perkebunan kopi liberica, Danau KACO, sungai Batanghari, perkebunan karet, dll. Konsep ilmu pengetahuan dalam objek kearifan lokal Jambi relevan dengan pokok bahasan kurikulum 2013 dapat dipetakan berdasarkan kompetensi yang sesuai (KD). Para guru IPA di Kabupaten Muaro Jambi diharapkan mampu merancang dan melaksanakan pembelajaran IPA berdasarkan kearifan lokal Jambi sebagai salah satu upaya peningkatan mutu pembelajaran.
Peningkatan Pendidikan Keluarga Melalui Pengembangan Parenting Berbasis Islami
Authors: Indrawati Triana , Pramana Wirayudha , Hermawan Ambar
Published: September 2022

This research is motivated by the level of violence that is often done by parents against children who are involved in inappropriate families, this is caused by the knowledge and understanding of parents in the process of educating and caring for children in the family. The purpose of this research is to analyze and describe the improvement of family education through the development of Islamic-based parenting. Parenting results can build good communication between institutions and parents. Related to the pattern of care carried out at the institution and applied by parents at home in harmony, through parenting activities also parents can find out the achievements of the child's development, what basic rights must be completed by parents in the development of children, and provide assistance to parents . Then, continue to be friendly to children, take part in parenting child-friendly activities in educating, guiding and caring within the family, increasing in various aspects. This must be instilled the values ​​of Islamic religious education in the framework of forming the character of good teenagers. In essence, parents are role models for children as real teachers for children. If parents show a good example, then the child will also have a good temperament and vice versa.
Pendampingan Smart Home di Desa Karang Jaya Kecamatan Merbau Mataram Kabupaten Lampung Selatan
Authors: Muhammad Hasanuddin , Sari Desita , Sari Novita , Pratama Aditya , Cahyani Mya , Sari Lena , Diana Keni
Published: September 2022

Smart Home merupakan konsep pengabdian dengan mengadopsi bentuk pendidikan non formal. Smart Home bertujuan untuk menumbuhnya kesadaran berpendidikan, beragama, dan  berbudaya bagi para remaja. Pengabdian smart home dilakukan dengan metode edukasi dan sosialisasi melalui aktivitas  Sosialisasi Narkoba, Bimbingan Belajar, Bimbingan Iman dan Taqwa. Hasil pengabdian Smart Home menjadi rumah belajar bagi para remaja. Mereka tidak segan untuk belajar dan bertanya karena konsepnya non formal. Dengan  mendirikan Smart Home, maka sasaran kegiatan diarahkan secara sadar dan aktif untuk datang dan belajar di rumah Smart Home. Hanya remaja/pemuda yang memiliki keinginan serius yang datang bergabung. Pegiat akan lebih mudah untuk memetakan sasaran. Smart Home sangat direkomendasikan bagi pegiat yang mobilitasnya terbatas.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Lage Allene
Published: September 2022

EDITORIAL
A AGÊNCIA INDÍGENA EM QUESTÃO - DO BRASIL COLONIAL À QUEDA DO CÉU
Authors: Coutinho Higor Faleiro , Nazareno Elias
Published: September 2022

As considerações propostas no artigo abaixo traçam um paralelo entre dois processos históricos: a Guerra Justa declarada pela Coroa portuguesa contra o povo Kayapó ao sul da capitania de Goiás (com auxílio militar de uma tropa do povo Bororo, lutando pela causa colonial), entre a segunda metade do século XVIII e as primeiras décadas do XIX; e as invasões das terras Yanomami por parte de garimpeiros ilegais, intensificadas a partir de meados da década de 1970 e especialmente violenta nos últimos anos. A partir destes dois eventos, apresentamos uma reflexão sobre a agência indígena, a capacidade de emancipação de sujeitos historicamente subalternizados, à luz da decolonialidade, conceito criado pelo grupo Modernidade/Colonialidade, formado por intelectuais latino-americanos que realizaram um movimento político/epistemológico essencial para a atualização crítica e utópica das ciências sociais na América Latina no século XXI. Atentamo-nos para uma interpretação/apropriação cautelosa do conceito de “agência”, do sociólogo britânico Anthony Giddens, cunhado em contextos sociais, políticos e cosmológicos radicalmente distintos das conjunturas indígenas tanto do Brasil Colonial, quanto da realidade amazônica recente.
Satellite communication transport layer protocols: analysis, comparison, forecasting
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vladimirov Igor Viktorovich , Gavrilov Oleg Alekseevich ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Sokolova Svetlana Vladimirovna ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: September 2022

This is a systematic review of modern and promising network protocols of the transport layer in digital satellite communication systems. The specificity of satellite communications consists in rather large delays in data transmission due to the long distances and high-energy flows (interference). Therefore, the study pays special attention to the organization of efficient data transmission in networks containing satellite segments, as well as highlights approaches to the development of new solutions based on traditional network protocols. The interaction of the TCP protocol with the protocols of the underlying layer is described. The analysis of protocols with architecture inherited from TCP is carried out: TCP Peach, TCP Westwood, TCP Hybla, CK-STP, SCTP. Modern ways to improve the performance of the TCP protocol are described. Promising protocols for use in satellite communication systems (QUICK, STEP, STP) are described.
Association of self-ratings on empathy, help, aggression and personal traits with 2D:4D and polymorphism on rs53576 gene OXTR in schoolchildren of European origin
Authors:   ussian State University for the Humanities, Miusskaya Sq., 6(2), Moscow, 125047, Russia, Butovskaya Marina Lvovna ,   RAS Miklukho-Maklay Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Leninsky av., 32a, Moscow, 119334, Russia, Filatova Vasilisa Olegovna ,   RAS Miklukho-Maklay Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Leninsky av., 32a, Moscow, 119334, Russia, Lazebny Oleg Evgenievich ,   Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology RAS, 26 Vavilov Street, Moscow, 119334, Russia
Published: September 2022

Introduction. The evolution of mutual help and cooperation in humans has been actively analyzed using the methods of ethology, psychology, anthropometry and genetics. The goal of this study was to identify associations between the finger index (2D:4D), the rs53576 polymorphism of the OXTR gene, gender and age with a willingness to help others and adherence to certain cultural standards in Russian schoolchildren of Caucasian origin. Materials and methods. The samples for this study were collected in the schools of the city Ussuriysk (Primorsky Krai) and the city Yelizovo (Kamchatka Krai) in 2015-2019. The total sample size was 853 (416 boys and 437 girls), represented exclusively by children of European origin. The average age of the participants was 14.2 ± 1.6 years (ranged from 10 to 18 years). Data collection methods included: questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, and collection of DNA samples (buccal epithelium or saliva). The data were analyzed using the SPSS-27 software package. Results. Significant differences were obtained for the finger index, 2D:4D, three scales of the Bass-Perry aggression questionnaire (anger, hostility, physical aggression), the generalized Baron-Cohen empathy coefficient and Boyko's level of empathy, dominance and social success, self-esteem, attitudes towards helping others. Readiness to help relatives was significantly associated with the GG variant of OXTR_rs53576 gene polymorphism. Adherence to moral norms (the weak need to be protected) was significantly associated with the finger index. Discussion. The results of our study indicate the significant gender differences in masculinity, including the 2D:4D ratio on the right and left hands, self-assessments of dominance and social status, one's own role in the group, attitudes towards aggression and related (group) solidarity. Boys performed more expressed self-assessments on physical aggression, and showed more parochialism, declaring a willingness to take the side of friends (relatives), regardless of who was right in the conflict and a willingness to follow cultural standards, concerning protection of the weakest. Girls outperformed boys in emotionality, and gave higher scores on anger and hostility. Our data, in combination with the findings of other authors, demonstrate the association of the homozygous variant GG OXTR_rs53576 with prosociality, altruism, and help.
Hand osteoarthritis: the influence of ethnicity or environment?
Authors:   Department of Physical Therapy, Recanati School for Community Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, 84105, P.O.B. 653, Israel, Kalichman Leonid , Batsevich Valery A ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Anuchin Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Mokhovaya st., 11, Moscow, 125009, Russia, Kobyliansky Eugene ,   Department of Anatomy and Anthropology; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, P.O.B. 39040, Israel
Published: September 2022

Objective: The aim of the study was to explore whether the development of radiographic hand osteoarthritis (OA) is affected more by ethnicity or environment, comparing five Russian community-based samples living in different geographical locations and two ethnic groups, Russian and Buryats, who reside in the same geographic area. Material and methods. Cross-sectional observational study. The study population comprised ethnic Russians (821 males and 1076 females, aged 18–90), living in five different geographic areas and in addition, two ethnic groups, Russians (N=572) and Buryats (N=327) from the Barguzinsky District of the Buryat Republic, Russian Federation. OA was evaluated in 14 joints of the left hand according to Kellgren and Lawrence’s grading system. A diagnosis of OA was determined by the number of affected joints and by the presence of at least one affected joint. Statistical analyses included prevalence estimation, linear and logistic regressions, and χ2 tests. Results. Significant differences in hand OA prevalence and severity were found between the Russian samples living in different geographic areas. On the other hand, individuals of different ethnic groups residing in the same location have similar prevalence and severity of radiographic hand OA. Conclusions. In light of these findings, we hypothesize that environmental factors play an important role in developing hand OA. Additional studies are needed to discover the mechanism defining the association between places of residence and the development of hand OA.
“Bir Delinin Günlüğü”: Çin Tarihinde Lu Xun’u Aramak
Authors: Sayar Yusuf
Published: September 2022

Köklü tarihe ve kültüre sahip ülkelerde tarihe karşı çıkmak, kültüre yenilik getirmek ve toplumda yeniliğin temsilcisi olmak gibi hususlar, zorlu süreçleri de beraberinde getirmektedir. Kadim bir geçmişe dayalı tarihe ve kültüre sahip ülkelerden biri olan Çin’de de modern çağla birlikte gelen yeniliklerin kabulü ve yaşatılması kolay olmamıştır. Bu bağlamda, Çin’de en önemli öncülerden biri, edebi ve aydın kişiliğiyle Lu Xun olmuştur. Lu Xun, Çin kültürü ve toplumundaki eskiye dayalı yanlış uygulamaları, tutumları, düşünceleri ve yaşam biçimini yakından inceleyerek Batı’nın da etkisiyle bunlara karşı durmayı ve modern çağın getirdikleriyle birlikte Çin tarihi ve kültüründe bir değişim sürecini başlatmayı hedeflemiştir. Bu amaç için ise edebiyatı bir araç olarak görmüş ve kullanmıştır. Sadece edebi camiayı etkilemekle kalmayan, Mao Zedong gibi politikacılara da ilham kaynağı olan Lu Xun, zamanla eserleri ve fikirleri sayesinde hem edebi hem de politik bir simgeye dönüşmüştür. Bu bağlamda, bu sürecin başlamasındaki en büyük rol, Lu Xun’un kısa öykülerinindir. Özellikle ilk öykülerinden biri olan “Bir Delinin Günlüğü”, Lu Xun’u anlamak, Çin toplumunu incelemek ve Çin kültüründeki eski ve yeni çatışmasını analiz etmek için başvurulacak ilk kaynaklardandır. Bu çalışmada, “Bir Delinin Günlüğü”nde Lu Xun’un fikirlerinin izleri aranacak ve Çin tarihinde Lu Xun’un yeri incelenecektir.
The Effects of Underlying Comorbidities on Surgical Outcome in Patients With Spondylolisthesis Undergoing Surgical Treatment
Authors:   Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran, Reihanian Zohair , Behzadnia Hamid ,   Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran, Alijani Babak ,   Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran,   Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran, Jafari Seyfollah ,   Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran, Yousefzadeh-Chabok Shahrokh ,   Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran,   Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran, Ramezani-Shamami Mostafa ,   Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
Published: September 2022

Background and Aim: In patients with spondylolisthesis, both conservative and surgical approaches are considered based on the stage of the disease. However, in addition to the technical characteristics of the surgery and the stage of the disease, the underlying characteristics of the patients may also affect the therapeutic prognosis. In this regard, some studies have indicated that the surgical prognosis is worse in diabetic and hypertensive patients and also preoperative medical treatments, such as anticoagulants may be effective in the prognosis of the disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of underlying risk factors, such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and anticoagulant conditions (such as aspirin) in worsening outcomes after surgery in patients with spondylolisthesis. Methods and Materials/Patients: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 130 patients suffering from spondylolisthesis and scheduled for surgery. According to baseline characteristics, 65 patients with a history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and receiving aspirin were categorized as the case group, and 65 sex- and age matched individuals without such comorbidities as the control group. Preoperative and postoperative radicular pain intensity, wound healing, and discharge from the surgical site were considered the study outcomes. Results: The two groups with and without comorbidities were matched for gender, mean age, mean body mass index, and time of operation. Preoperative pain intensity was similar in the groups, but those with comorbidities experienced higher radicular pain severity postoperatively. We showed no difference in the rate of surgical site discharging, but the lack of wound healing was significantly higher in those with comorbidities. Conclusion: In patients with spondylolisthesis and candidates for surgical treatment, a history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and aspirin can be associated with a worse prognosis, including no improvement in pain and lack of wound healing.
Loss to Follow-up After Newborn Hearing Screening and Its Related Factors
Authors:   Department of Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Ghavami Nasim , Haghani Shima ,   Nursing Care research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Borimnejad Leili ,   Nursing Care research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: September 2022

Background: Hearing loss is one of the most common birth defects and early detection of this disorder at birth is not possible without hearing screening. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of loss to follow-up after neonatal hearing screening and its related factors in Khorramabad, Iran. Methods: This retrospective correlational study was conducted from March 2018 to February 2021. The medical records of 13,710 infants born in this period were assessed. All the infants suspected of hearing loss in the first screening of one or both ears (n=310) were followed up for the second screening. The demographic and medical information of the infants and their parents was collected by a valid researcher-made checklist. The initial and follow-up data were extracted from the infants’ electronic records available at Assalian Hospital and the information available at the Dabbagh Clinic, respectively. To analyze the data, frequency distribution was determined and the relationships between the variables were assessed by the Chi-square test using SPSS software v. 16. The significance level was set at α=0.05. Results: Out of 13,710 neonates, 310 cases (2.26%) did not pass the first hearing screening. Of this group, 60 infants (20%) missed the second screening follow-up. Among the studied variables, a number of socio-economic variables and neonatal factors were associated with not following hearing loss screening (P<0.05). Among the mothers’ personal causes of loss to follow-up, the feeling of no need to follow up with 36.7% and fear of COVID-19 with 26.7% were the most common causes. Conclusion: About one-fifth of infant hearing screening follow-ups were not performed, which makes education about hearing screening follow-ups necessary for families. Providing a suitable context to facilitate preventing developmental problems in children and save future medical expenses is necessary and this program is needed to be on the agenda of the Ministry of Health and clinics providing mother and child health services.
Grief and Coping Strategies of Nurses Following Patient Death at the Konongo-Odumasi Government Hospital, Ghana
Authors:   Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Presbyterian University College, Agogo, Ghana., Bediako Agyei Frank , Nti Francisca ,   Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Presbyterian University College, Agogo, Ghana., Kwadwo Anago Emmanuel ,   Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Presbyterian University College, Agogo, Ghana., Selasi Avinu Esther ,   Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Presbyterian University College, Agogo, Ghana.
Published: September 2022

Background: Nurses working in various patient care departments are exposed to different traumatic situations, patient suffering, and death in their routine care. This study investigated grief and coping experiences amongst registered nurses working in various care departments of a major government health facility in the Ashanti region of Ghana. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey amongst nurses was conducted. A quota-sampling technique was applied to yield a representative sample of 79 nurses working in different wards of Konongo-Odumasi Government Hospital in Konong, Ghana. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Standard descriptive statistics (e.g. frequency and proportions) were used to summarize the survey data. The data were analyzed using SPSS software, v. 20. Results: The majority of nurses (63%) reported feelings of grief following the death of patients they had cared for. Most respondents (89%) who did not acknowledge a grief experience did not grieve out of fear or as a show of professionalism. Some reported impacts of grief included insomnia (39%), loss of appetite (51%), tiredness (8%), feeling of depression (24%), and reduced functionality at work and home (27%). Common coping strategies for dealing with grief following patient death included physical exercise (67%), engaging in spiritual practices (51%), listening to music (47%), and discussing with other colleagues (42%). Only 47% of nurses reported access to professional counseling. Conclusion: Regular training on effective grief coping strategies and emotional support for nurses caring for the dying may positively affect the health and well-being of nurses and improve the quality of care for both the dying patient and their families. Providing professional counseling for nurses is also suggested.
COOPERATION BETWEEN UKRAINE AND POLAND ON SPACE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Koshova Svitlana
Published: September 2022

This article considers the issues of co-operation and prospects of a partnership between Ukraine and Poland in the development and use of outer space. Space is an invaluable tool for achieving sustainable development around the world. The space industry is one of the high-tech industries without which the existence of the modern world is impossible, it is one of the factors that ensures the national security of the state. With the launch of the first satellite into space, the world, entered a new era of technology, which significantly expanded its boundaries. One of the key trends in world space activities is to intensify and increase the importance of international co-operation in space exploration. Close cooperation between Poland and Ukraine in the field of space programs gained momentum after the signing in 2015 of the Memorandum on the Exploration and Use of Outer Space for Peaceful Purposes. As the countries are neighbors, they have many common interests and issues that need to be, addressed. Key areas of co-operation between Ukraine and Poland in space exploration are outlined, in particular, meeting public needs in the field of remote sensing of the Earth, conducting joint scientific and applied space research on the creation of promising models of rocket and space technology and advanced technologies. Poland sees a serious potential for partnership with Ukraine in space, one of the most promising areas of co-operation in the new environment may be the joint creation of rocket and space technology. We can state that combining the experience and potential of Ukraine with the capabilities and knowledge of Poland in the space industry will have a serious competitive market potential. The cooperation between Ukraine and Poland also includes the exchange of information and experience, implementation of joint scientific and technical projects, training programs, exchange of specialists, as well as the organization of scientific events and conferences on space activities.
Burial of the Hlukhiv jewish cemetery in 1922-1991 in the context of the history of the city’s Jewish community
Authors:   Oleksandr Dovzhenko Hlukhiv National Pedagogical University, Hrytsenko Andrii , Nazarova Vira ,   Oleksandr Dovzhenko Hlukhiv National Pedagogical University
Published: September 2022

Мета дослідження – вивчення складових історії єврейської громади міста Глухова через виявлення відомих персоналій із числа євреїв міста, похованих на єврейському кладовищі в радянський період. Це дасть можливість популяризувати до- слідження іудейських і православних кладовищ північного сходу України та у подальшо- му внести найбільш цінні старовинні надгробки єврейського кладовища м. Глухова до Державного реєстру нерухомих пам’яток України. Методологія дослідження базуєть- ся на загальнонаукових принципах аналізу, синтезу, узагальнення, а також на прин- ципах історизму, науковості, верифікації та використанні спеціально-історичних (історико-типологічний, історико-системний) методів. Наукова новизна: вперше було здійснено дослідження у контексті діяльності відомих діячів – членів єврейської громади Глухова, які зробили значний внесок у культуру, економіку та інші сфери жит- тя міста та регіону. Висновки. Аналіз наукової розробки досліджуваної теми дозво- ляє дійти висновку, що життєпис похованих на єврейському цвинтарі м. Глухова пред- ставників єврейської громади Сіверщини має велике значення для вивчення регіональ- ної історії. З проаналізованих нами 268 намогильних плит захоронень радянського пе- ріоду глухівського єврейського кладовища жоден життєпис ґрунтовно істориками не вивчався. Більше того, залишається актуальним питання збереження пам’яток цьо- го кладовища з метою їх подальшого використання як об’єктів музейного показу над- гробків і поховань. Тому, представлена у статті проб лема не вичерпується і має пер- спективи подальшого розвитку у контексті комплекс ного підходу в ході дослідження міських некрополів, а також поховань на прикладі єврейського кладовища м. Глухова.