bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative study of Arduino Types and Raspberry Pi with Programming Languages
Authors: Mahdi Shajan Mohammed , Al-Obaidi Mohanad Ali Meteab , Mahdi Reyadh Hazim
Published: January 2023

The world is developing at an amazing speed through modern technologies to control things and microcontrollers have become a preoccupation of most developers of remote and proximity control devices in various industrial, household, and educational sectors, so it is necessary to study them in-depth and know the differences between Arduino and Raspberry in terms of hardware and software so that the developer is aware of what they can use it to build his project. Both Arduino and Raspberry are microcontrollers, but the first works without the need to connect to a computer, and works through an open source program as it is a single board and deals with a simple program every time and can connect to the Internet, while Raspberry connects to a computer via USB It deals with the language of Linux and Ruby and can perform mathematical and arithmetic operations and encrypt Bitcoin currencies, for these reasons, all these concepts will be explained in this paper, and that any technician or programmer can choose the best electronic parts Arduino or Raspberry in order to get the project done better.
INFLUENCE OF CONSUMER PREFERENCE AND GOVERNMENT SUBSIDY ON PREFABRICATED BUILDING DEVELOPER’S DECISION-MAKING: A THREE-STAGE GAME MODEL
Authors: Han Yanhu , Wang Lufan , Kang Ruyuan
Published: January 2023

Consumer preference and government subsidies are two of the key influencing factors in the decision-making of building developers, which plays a leading role in the development of prefabricated building market. However, the majority of the existing efforts only used empirical research methods to identify the barriers of prefabricated construction, and failed to quantitatively study the interaction mechanism, process, and trends among the influencing factors. To address this knowledge gap, this study aims to analyze and quantify the dynamic and interactive relationships among the three major stakeholders in the prefabricated building industry – the government, building developers, and consumers. A three-stage game model was developed, and an analysis of two numerical simulations was conducted. The results provided equilibrium solutions for the optimal selling price and optimal assembly rate for the building developers, as well as the optimal minimum assembly rate for government subsidy. This study provides a better understanding of the interactive behaviors among the major stakeholders, and offers meaningful insights for policy design and strategic planning for promoting the development of prefabricated buildings.
IMPACT OF INNOVATION ORGANIZATION NETWORK ON THE SYNERGY OF CROSS-ORGANIZATIONAL TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION: EVIDENCE FROM MEGAPROJECT PRACTICES IN CHINA
Authors: Zhao Na , Fan Dongjiao , Chen Yun , Wu Chunlin
Published: January 2023

The construction industry has made an indispensable contribution to China’s environmental and economic development. With the advent of the volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) era, cross-organizational collaboration has enabled megaproject participants to engage significantly in problem-solving and technological innovation. The impact of innovation organization network on the synergy of cross-organizational technological innovation (COTI synergy) in megaprojects is imperative for theoretical researchers and engineering practitioners. Therefore, this study aims to develop a hypothetical model of innovation organization network and COTI synergy, focusing on the mediating role of interorganizational relationships and the moderating effect of the technological innovation environment. The results of 211 questionnaires from the Chinese construction industry show that innovation organization network improves COTI synergy. Trust and communication play a vital mediating role between innovation organization network and COTI synergy. Moreover, innovative culture has a significant positive moderating effect on innovation organization network and interorganizational relationships. From the perspective of organization network, this study provides new insights into the development of technological innovation management research on megaprojects, theoretical references, and practical suggestions for project teams in developing countries to improve collaborative technological innovation efficiency.
Chromosome complements of Channa lucius and C. striata from Phu Quoc Island and karyotypic evolution in snakehead fishes (Actinopterygii, Channidae)
Authors: Prazdnikov Denis V.
Published: January 2023

Snakehead fishes of the family Channidae are obligatory air-breathers freshwater predators, the vast majority of which belong to the genus Channa Scopoli, 1777. Channa species are characterized by high karyotypic diversity due to various types of chromosomal rearrangements. It is assumed that, in addition to the lifestyle, fragmentation and isolation of snakehead populations contribute to an increase in karyotypic diversity. However, the chromosome complements of many isolated populations of widespread Channa species remain unknown, and the direction of karyotype transformations is poorly understood. This paper describes the previously unstudied karyotypes of Channa lucius (Cuvier, 1831) and C. striata (Bloch, 1793) from Phu Quoc Island and analyzes the trends of karyotypic evolution in the genus Channa. In C. lucius, the karyotypes are differed in the number of chromosome arms (2n = 48, NF = 50 and 51), while in C. striata, the karyotypes are differed in the diploid chromosome number (2n = 44 and 43, NF = 48). A comparative cytogenetic analysis showed that the main trend of karyotypic evolution of Channa species is associated with a decrease in the number of chromosomes and an increase in the number of chromosome arms, mainly due to fusions and pericentric inversions. The data obtained support the assumption that fragmentation and isolation of populations, especially of continental islands, contribute to the karyotypic diversification of snakeheads and are of interest for further cytogenetic studies of Channidae.
Revisiting the South American Acanthocephalini (Hemiptera, Coreidae): Spilopleura Stål (status novum)
Authors: Olivera Leonela , Melo María Cecilia , Dellapé Pablo M.
Published: January 2023

The family Coreidae is composed of some of the larger terrestrial Heteroptera, with showy colors and expansions on the legs, the antenna or the pronotum. Among the Neotropical fauna, the tribe Acanthocephalini Stål, including 18 genera, is recognized by the strongly deflexed juga, and the conspicuously projecting tylus. In the same work in which Stål established the tribe, he described two new subgenera to the genusAcanthocephalaLaporte (currently synonymized under it): A. (Metapodius) (replaced forMetapodiessaKirkaldy) and A. (Spilopleura). In the present work, the subgeneric nameSpilopleurais removed from synonymy underAcanthocephalaand elevated to generic rank, and the speciesA. parensis(Dallas) andA. ochraceaMontandon are transferred therein. The genusSpilopleurastatus nov.and both included species are redescribed and illustrated, including characters from male and female genitalia; and a distributional map is given with the first records of the species from Argentina, Colombia, Paraguay, and Peru.
De partages d’émois professionnels au processus collectif d’écriture : une démarche de recherche
Authors: Durual Arlette , Joly Brigitte , Mony Myriam , Morel-Lab Anne
Published: January 2023

Partant d’écrits individuels, une démarche de dialogue, d’analyse et d’écriture collective s’expérimente sous la thématique du sensible en écriture de recherche. Le texte proposé tourbillonne autour de ces deux axes : écriture collective et le sensible comme fondateur d’une écriture de recherche. Il en résulte un paysage au seuil d’une recherche éventuelle.
Trajectoire d’un processus rédactionnel : rédiger un écrit dans le travail social
Authors: Fratta Françoise
Published: January 2023

L’auteure, éducatrice spécialisée, questionne le processus réflexif antérieur à un écrit. À partir de sa pratique professionnelle au sein d’un service mobile, elle revient sur ce qui participe à l’élaboration des écrits qui jalonnent le travail social. Puis, au fil de sa réflexion, elle aborde son processus d’écriture de la recherche.
Elevating Advanced Practice Provider Fellowships Through Accreditation
Authors: Cosme Sheri
Published: January 2023

The American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) launched its newest credentialing program, Advanced Practice Provider Fellowship Accreditation™ (APPFA). This credential will provide Advanced Practice Provider fellowships with the ability to seek and earn recognition for excellence against a set of evidence-based standards. Explore the five domains that make up APPFA and learn about a few highlighted standards.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2023;54(1):6–8.]
Racial Disparities in Access to Psychedelic Treatments and Inclusion in Research Trials
Authors: Morales Justin , Quan Erik , Arshed Arslaan , Jordan Ayana
Published: January 2023

As psychedelic-assisted therapy research and clinical trials continue to grow, there is a positive outlook on the future, but also concerns about who will benefit. Most research shows that there is an obvious deficit of racial and ethnically minoritized populations, defined within the article, enrolling in studies. The objectives of this paper are (1) to provide a history of psychedelics and its resurgence over the last two decades; (2) to present an understanding of the racialization of psychedelics in the treatment of psychiatric disorders; (3) to showcase the current inequity of psychedelic medicine; and (4) to operationalize an antiracism framework for racial equity to decolonize psychedelic research, or remove the historically pervasive White power dynamic in hopes of shifting power back to the originating indigenous cultures. The psychedelic movement is in a rare place to optimize inclusion and this article aims to demonstrate how.

[
Psychiatr Ann.
2022;52(12):494–499.]
Home-Based Care Provider Perspectives on Care Refusal During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Inloes Jennifer B. , Brown Allyson , Rettell Zoe , Fick Donna M. , Bell Sue Anne
Published: January 2023

Acute and chronic disease management continues to shift toward a health care in the home model, yet literature discussing continuity of home-based care services during public health emergencies, such as infectious disease pandemics, is scant. In the current study, we used semi-structured telephone interviews with 27 home-based care providers (HBCPs) from Medicare-certified home health care agencies located in eight U.S. counties to explore older adults' decision making around home-based care service continuation during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Four themes emerged, including two related to older adults' decision making around refusal of in-home care and two related to HBCPs' responses to care refusals. Fear of COVID-19 infection motivated older adults to make care-related decisions that were incongruent with their health needs, including refusal of care in the home, despite receiving education from HBCPs. These data highlight a need for tools to help HBCPs better support patients through decision-making processes about care continuation during COVID-19 and future infectious disease pandemics. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 49(1), 35–41.]
Rising From the Floor in Persons With Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Klima Dennis W. , DiBartolo Mary C. , Stewart Jeremy , Freijomil Frank , Oliver Maurice , McAllister Stephanie
Published: January 2023

Although considerable research has targeted fall prevention among older adults with Parkinson's disease (PD), less is known about their ability to rise from the floor. The aim of the current exploratory study was to examine the relationship between floor rise and physical performance tests. A cross-sectional design was used. Twenty community-dwelling older adults with PD (mean age = 74.8 years,
SD
= 9.5 years) performed a standardized floor rise test and physical performance assessments in a structured task circuit. Mean time to rise from the floor was 14.9 seconds (
SD
= 7.6 seconds). Fourteen (70%) participants used a quadruped strategy to rise to stand. Supine-to-stand performance time was significantly correlated with all physical performance measures. Findings serve as a catalyst for nursing and rehabilitation professionals to examine floor rise ability, prevent adverse effects of a critical fall, and instruct fall recovery techniques in clinical settings. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 49(
1), 50–54.]
Linear barycentric rational collocation method for solving generalized Poisson equations
Authors: Li Jin , Cheng Yongling , Li Zongcheng , Tian Zhikang
Published: January 2023

We consider the Poisson equation by collocation method with linear barycentric rational function. The discrete form of the Poisson equation was changed to matrix form. For the basis of barycentric rational function, we present the convergence rate of the linear barycentric rational collocation method for the Poisson equation. Domain decomposition method of the barycentric rational collocation method (BRCM) is also presented. Several numerical examples are provided to validate the algorithm.
Travel Management Planning for Wildlife with a Case Study on the Mojave Desert Tortoise
Authors: Averill-Murray Roy C. , Allison Linda J.
Published: January 2023

Roads are important drivers of habitat loss, degradation, and fragmentation that affect global biodiversity. Detrimental effects of roads include direct mortality of individual animals, spread of habitat-altering invasive plants, and loss of demographic and genetic connectivity of wildlife populations. Various measures address the negative effects of roads on wildlife. However, most strategies for minimizing or mitigating the effects of roads are focused on the actual roads themselves rather than on the collective travel network across landscapes. We summarized a growing body of literature that has documented the effects of road density on wildlife populations and the benefits associated with lower densities. This literature supports the application of limits on road density as a viable tool for managing cumulative effects. Based on these examples, we recommend road densities, including all linear features used for travel, of less than 0.6 km/km2 as a general target for travel management in areas where wildlife conservation is a priority. Lower densities may be necessary in particularly sensitive areas, whereas higher densities may be appropriate in areas less important to landscape-level conservation and wildlife connectivity. Public policy and funding also are needed to address challenges of enforcing off-highway vehicle regulations. In applying this general overview to a case study of the Mojave desert tortoise Gopherus agassizii, we found that all management plans across the species' range lack considerations of road density and that tortoise populations declined within all conservation areas with road densities of more than 0.75 km/km2. From this, we provide several travel management recommendations specific to Mojave desert tortoise conservation beginning with identifying the entire travel network within management areas. Specific actions for managing or setting limits for road density depend on the site-specific biological or management context, for instance relative to habitat quality or proximity to designated tortoise conservation areas. In addition, increasing law enforcement and public outreach will improve enforcement and compliance of travel regulations, and installing tortoise-exclusion fencing along highways will reduce road kills and allow tortoise populations to reoccupy depleted areas adjacent to highways. Implementation of these recommendations would improve the prospects of reversing desert tortoise population declines.
Health Precautions for Patient Safety
Authors: Bentadj Cheimaa
Published: January 2023

In December 2019, an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2) infection occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China and spread across China and beyond. On February 12, 2020, WHO officially named the disease caused by the novel coronavirus as Coronavirus Disease 2019. In the literature, COVID-19 is characterized by the symptoms of viral pneumonia such as fever, fatigue, dry cough, and lymphopenia. Many of the older patients who become severely ill have evidence of underlying illness such as cardiovascular disease, liver disease, kidney disease, or malignant tumors. The COVID-19 pandemic posed a great danger at all levels, and despite the doctors' rush to find a vaccine, it will remain a threat to the world unless people adhere to health precaution. The discussion in this chapter of health precautions will focus largely on two main components: wearing face masks and respecting social distancing, which is the distance regulated by the World Health Organization (1 meter); also it will discusses the symptoms caused by this pandemic and its impact on some areas.
A Hybrid Classification Algorithm and Its Application on Four Real-World Data Sets
Authors: El bakrawy Lamiaa M. , S. Desuky Abeer
Published: January 2023

The aim of this chapter is to propose a hybrid classification algorithm based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) to enhance the generalization performance of the adaptive boosting (AdaBoost) algorithm. AdaBoost enhances any given machine learning algorithm performance by producing some weak classifiers which requires more time and memory and may not give the best classification accuracy. For this purpose, PSO is proposed as a post optimization procedure for the resulted weak classifiers and removes the redundant classifiers. The experiments were conducted on the basis of ionosphere data set, thoracic surgery data set, blood transfusion service center data set (btsc) and Statlog (Australian credit approval) data set. The experimental results show that a given boosted classifier with post optimization based on PSO improves the classification accuracy for all used data. Also, the experiments show that the proposed algorithm outperforms other techniques with best generalization.
Application of Bioinformatics in Cancer Prediction and Prognosis
Authors: Abdel Madjid Bekaddour
Published: January 2023

Informatics and internet technologies are becoming extremely popular in today's healthcare system. The emergence of the worldwide web has affected the way in which health-related information is distributed and accessed over cyberspace. The internet is rapidly gaining importance, not just for healthcare professionals, but also for patients, by enabling them to search for drug- and other health-related information. Bioinformatics is the combination of biology and information technology. The term bioinformatics was coined by Paulien Hogeweg in 1979 for the study of informatic processes in biotic systems. Its primary use since the late 1980s has been in genomics and genetics, particularly in those areas of genomics involving large-scale DNA sequencing.
Using Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports to Disrupt the School-to-Prison Pipeline
Authors: Neuman-Boone Erin E. , Kardambikis Patricia , Donne Vicki J.
Published: January 2023

Poverty and trauma risks need not create a criminal pathway or pipeline to prison. As the number of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) increase, so does the risk of dropping out of school. The more often students are suspended, the more likely they are to be referred to the juvenile justice system and face jail or prison time. Once in the system, the likelihood of recidivism is great. One multifaceted intervention to disrupt the school-to-prison pipeline (STPP) is positive behavioral interventions and supports (PBIS). The aim of this model is to alter the school environment by creating improved systems involving discipline, reinforcement, and data management. These systematic changes may disrupt the STPP for students living in poverty and experiencing ACEs.
Causative Failure Factors of Delay in Heavy Equipment Procurement Management During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Muhammad Raini Kamal , Ismail Syuhaida , Fathi Mohamad Syazli , Hamzah Halim Syah
Published: January 2023

Since COVID-19 outbreak from Wuhan, China, rapid transformations worldwide demonstrate commitments in many countries towards new norms of social distancing and mask-compulsory trends of life. As the economic downturn affects public sector in terms of supply, services, and development projects, new challenges should be viewed as an opportunity for fundamental change, and public procurement reform as a catalyst for improving public policy and engaging civil society. Thus, this paper aims to examine the causative failure factors (CFF) of delay of mechanical asset procurement during pandemic from the Malaysian perspective. The literature reviews consider recent journal articles involving project management to understand the CFF of delay in overall project management and its relativity to mechanical asset procurement. Then, the paper suggests implementation of project management tools: Ishikawa diagram and PESTLE relatively to heavy equipment. Finally, this paper discusses the CFF to enable a comprehensive project scheduling to eliminate or avoid nuisance during project execution and completion.
Climate Change and the Whole Government Approach to Be Resilient Towards Disaster
Authors: Mohd Zahari Haliza , Zain Ruzaidin , Ismail Arifiin , Mohd Zainol Noor Azmi , Yaacob Safar Bin , Che Ali Nik Ismail Rashed
Published: January 2023

Climate change affects disasters greatly. For effective and efficient humanitarian logistics support, this paper identifies and analyses the challenges faced by various humanitarian logistics actors. Also discussed is the typical process used by national, state, and local governments to determine the scope of assistance they provide to affected areas. the whole of government approach to disaster response assist governments at all levels, from local to state and national, in improving their outcomes, particularly when it comes to providing humanitarian assistance to impacted individuals and families. There is no reason for any logistics requirements mentioned in this paper to become overwhelmed, run out of supplies, or have difficulty transporting humanitarian aid to the affected areas if all government agencies carry out their respective disaster response functions. However, the response to two flood disasters in Johore and Malacca shows that much more can be done to improve disaster response, such as developing a collaborative comprehensive disaster management simulation.
Supply Chain Resilience Management Using a Semantically-Enhanced Web Service Portal
Authors: Pal Kamalendu
Published: January 2023

This chapter aims to investigate the research initiatives in supply chain resilience-related issues and presents the advantages of a semantically enhanced web service portal to mitigate knowledge and experience management solutions. The knowledge and experience gained in the past help identify and manage resilience in supply chain operations dependency. Such understanding and knowledge reside in the operation manager's mind and are rarely available in a reusable form. Hence, a software system with a case based on prior disturbance mitigating actions can assist managers in risk management of industrial supply chain operations. This chapter presents the features of an ontology-based web-portal framework, SCRMA (Supply Chain Resilience Management Architecture), for risk management in industrial supply chain projects. The SCRMA framework is a semantic service composition using case-based reasoning (CBR), rule-based reasoning (RBR), and an ontology-based concept similarity assessment module. Finally, a business scenario demonstrates some of the system's functionalities.
The Usability Evaluation of the Digital Wallet in Indonesia Based on ISO 9241-11
Authors: Restuputri Dian Palupi , Refoera Figo Bimaraka , Fathur Rahman Najid Fitra , Ghozali Whildan , Nugraha Azmi Fasa
Published: January 2023

The existence of the digital wallet (e-wallet) application makes online buying and selling transactions easier. Therefore, e-wallet products are rapidly growing in Indonesia along with the high penetration of smartphones. In 2021, smartphone user penetration reached 70% of the total population of Indonesia. This study aims to determine whether application users choose digital wallet based on usability or other factors. The research used a questionnaire as a research instrument. The questionnaire distributed consisted of 25 questions grouped into four variables based on ISO 9241-11, namely effectiveness, efficiency, satisfaction, and usability. After the distribution of the questionnaires, the data results are obtained and then will be analyzed using the PLS (partial least square) technique with the SmartPLS tool and will later provide recommendations for improvements following the SALUTA method (scenario-based architecture level usability analysis).
Deepfakes Spark Implementation for Big Data Analytics
Authors: Muruganantham A. , Balakumar Ayshwarya , Srinivas N. , Gupta C. Srinivas , Desai Vinod , Saikumar K.
Published: January 2023

One of the most significant challenges we have in the context of today's big data world is the fact that we are unable to process enormous amounts of data in a timely manner. In this piece, the authors will use drive HQ cloud to analyse and evaluate two different supervised multiplication systems that are built on service cluster applications. Spark, on the other hand, provides a framework for managing data that is more dependable, and also has the ability to address concerns such as the loss of nodes and the duplication of data. Although it comes at the expense of insufficient failure organization, this study issue has the ability to considerably increase pace effectiveness, which is something many research/industry companies are interested in. A soon-to-be-released study will examine the methods on bigger datasets, especially in cases where the data cannot be totally stored in memory.
Deep Learning Algorithms in Cluster Analysis on an E-Learning System in Data Mining
Authors: Keerthana S. , Thirumoorthy P. , Maheswari S. , Karuppusamy S.
Published: January 2023

Data mining is one space that helps in churning out helpful data from the abounding knowledge offered. Mining is gaining immense quality currently. To perform data processing, a majority of techniques exist. Agglomeration approach relies on the scholar performance and activities allotted as a district of process. Clusters are accustomed realize the relation between the attributes. The cluster analysis was performed by organizing collections of patterns into team-supported student behavior. In this chapter, several agglomeration approaches of area unit are used including agglomerated hierarchal agglomeration, K means, and C means.
COVID-19 Diagnosis Using Transfer Learning Techniques and Applications on Chest X-Ray Images
Authors: Manimehalai E. , Vanathi D. , Navamani C.
Published: January 2023

COVID-19 is a viral disease caused by a new type of coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared it a pandemic due to this disease spreading over many countries. Currently, there is no medicine available to prevent or cure infectious diseases. COVID-19 samples are commonly tested using reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR), which are more expensive and take 24 hours to deliver either a positive or negative result. This chapter aims to develop a rapid and accurate medical diagnosis support system for COVID-19 in chest x-ray images by combining transfer learning techniques with the KNN algorithm. There are multiple approaches to building a classification system for analyzing radiographic images in deep learning. In this way, the knowledge acquired from a pre-trained convolutional neural network can be used to solve a new problem. Stacking is a machine learning method that combines the performances of the many transfer learning-based models to ensure the robustness of the proposed system.
Recent Application of Deep Neural Network and Data Augmentation for Classifying Leaf Diseases
Authors: Angeline R. , Agarwal Raunak , Sidharth Sidhant Kumar , Biresh Pratik Raj
Published: January 2023

Vegetable leaves are the main part of the plant and the main source for production of vegetables. The vegetable is high in energy and a superb wellspring of Vitamin C, Vitamin B, potassium-folate, magnesium, and many other nutrients. It also gives iron, phosphorus, and niacin. This natural product has low cholesterol and sodium, which is great for human wellbeing. The species originated in almost all the parts of India but mainly in the northern states. In this chapter, the authors give an overview of leaf boundary examination; recognition of solid, debilitated, or impacted areas of the leaf; and arrangement of leaf sicknesses by involving various techniques for the vegetable plants. It is pivotal and hard for natural eyes to distinguish the specific kind of leaf infection with unaided eyes. Each plant leaf has various side effects of different infections. The calculation intended for one plant doesn't work precisely with another plant's leaf. Particular calculations for the vegetable leaves plant are expected to identify leaf sicknesses alongside the leaf boundary analyzer.
Professional Career Planning and Decision Making Based on SQL Server Data Mining Techniques
Authors: Nandhini S.  , Parthasarathy S. , Marimuthu V.
Published: January 2023

The world today is facing the fourth industrial revolution – a “revolution of skills.” The demand for completely new sets of skills is unprecedented, with the advent of and rapid change in digital technologies. On the other hand, a large population of graduates and professional are struggling to empower themselves with newer skillsets and develop capabilities to achieve competitive edge in building a successful career. There is a need for a platform to bridge the gap between these two market forces so that “the supply meets the demand.” This chapter seeks to provide a predictive solution using SQL server data mining techniques that implements Microsoft decision tree data mining algorithm.
An Introduction to Audio Manipulation and Generation of a Unified High Performance Recommendation Framework for Netflix
Authors: Angeline R. , Harish Babu M.  , Rehith B.  , Pranav B.
Published: January 2023

Individual users within the Netflix environment demand flexible and appropriate Netflix operations. In real-time, digital Netflix should be willing to supply appropriate Netflix objects to a user. Collaborative filtering algorithm is used in a large portion of digital recommender systems. These techniques are held back by means of real-time adaptation and need pupils to have prior information. Hence, this proposed research provides an instant recommendation system that is appropriate for complex and changeable contexts. The proposed solution is based on the problem of reinforcement Netflix. The existing method approach can explore the domain to collect information (data) and make use of that information to obtain a judgment. The built strategy is tested by making use of real-world information (data). The suggested system showcases an improved approach called Adaptive Recommendation depending upon digital Netflix style, which uses learners' behavioural data to implement Netflix resource adaption.
Association among Lifestyle and Risk Factors with SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Ko Yi , Ngai Zi-Ni , Koh Rhun-Yian , Chye Soi-Moi
Published: January 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a major health burden worldwide, with over 600 million confirmed cases and 6 million deaths by 15 December 2022. Although the acute phase of COVID-19 management has been established, the long-term clinical course and complications due to the relatively short outbreak is yet to be assessed. The current COVID-19 pandemic is causing significant morbidity and mortality around the world. Interestingly, epidemiological studies have shown that fatality rates vary considerably across different countries, and men and elderly patients are at higher risk of developing severe diseases. There is increasing evidence that COVID-19 infection causes neurological deficits in a substantial proportion to patients suffering from acute respiratory distress syndrome. Furthermore, lack of physical activity and smoking are associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) susceptibility. We should therefore explore why lack of physical activity, smoking, etc causing a population more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and mechanism involved. Thus, in this review article, we summarize epidemiological evidence related to risk factors and lifestyle that affect COVID-19 severity and the mechanism involved. These risk factors or lifestyle interventions include smoking, cardiovascular health, obesity, exercise, environmental pollution, psychosocial social stress, and diet.
Protection against lethal Escherichia coli bacteremia in baboons (Papio anubis) by pretreatment with a 55-kDa TNF receptor (CD120a)-Ig fusion protein, Ro 45-2081.
Authors: Van Zee K J , Moldawer L L , Oldenburg H S , Thompson W A , Stackpole S A , Montegut W J , Rogy M A , Meschter C , Gallati H , Schiller C D , Richter W F , Loetscher H , Ashkenazi A , Chamow S M , Wurm F , Calvano S E , Lowry S F , Lesslauer W
Published: January 2023

Fusion proteins of the human 55-kDa TNF receptor extracellular domain with hinge and C2/C3 constant domains of human IgG1 or IgG3 heavy chains were tested in a primate sepsis model. Twenty-four baboons received 4.6, or 0.2 mg/kg of TNFR5-G1,3, or placebo, before the administration of a lethal dose of live Escherichia coli. Treatment with TNFR5-G1,3 decreased 5-day mortality from 88% in the placebo group to 12% in the TNFR5-G1,3-treated animals (p < 0.01 by Fisher's exact test). Treatments with TNR5-G1 and TNFR5-G3 in doses from 0.2 to 4.6 mg/kg were efficacious. Free plasma TNF was neutralized by all treatments, but inactive TNF/TNFR5-G1,3 complexes remained in circulation for prolonged periods. TNFR5-1,3 treatments attenuated the hemodynamic disturbances, reduced fluid requirements, and decreased the systemic IL-1 beta, IL-6, and IL-8 responses. In addition, TNFR5-G1,3 treatment shortened the granulocytopenia and reduced the loss of cellular TNF receptors from granulocytes. The decrease in fibrinogen concentrations and increase in prothrombin and partial thromboplastin times were significantly attenuated by TNFR5-G1,3 treatment. TNFR5-G1,3 treatment markedly attenuated the rise in plasma lactate concentration. Histologic studies of TNFR5-G1,3 revealed dose-dependent protection against tissue injury by Escherichia coli administration.
The split-virus influenza vaccine activates Fcγ receptors instead of Toll-like receptors (VAC2P.930)
Authors: O'Gorman William , Huang Huang , Wei Yu-Ling , Davis Kara , Leipold Michael , Bendall Sean , Kidd Brian , Dekker Cornelia , Maecker Holden , Chien Yueh-hsiu , Davis Mark
Published: January 2023

Seasonal influenza vaccination is the most common medical procedure targeting the immune system and yet the extent to which influenza vaccination activates innate immunity in humans is not fully understood. Currently, the most prevalent formulations of the vaccine consist of degraded or “split” viral particles often prepared without any adjuvants. We sought to determine whether the unadjuvanted split influenza vaccine activates innate immune receptors—specifically Toll-like receptors. A mass-cytometry (CyTOF) based proteomic profiling platform was developed and used to compare signaling pathway activation and cytokine production between the split influenza vaccine and a prototypical TLR response in human whole-blood (ex vivo). This analysis revealed that the split vaccine rapidly and potently activates multiple immune cell types but yields a proteomic signature distinct from TLR activation. Importantly, vaccine induced activity was dependent upon the presence of human sera indicating that a serum factor was necessary for vaccine-dependent immune activation. We found this serum factor to be human antibodies specific for influenza proteins and therefore immediate immune activation by the split vaccine is immune-complex dependent. These studies demonstrate that influenza vaccine splitting inactivates any microbial adjuvants endogenous to influenza but potentially elicits a potent immune modulator by facilitating the rapid formation of immune complexes.
The Inhibition of Bruton Tyrosine Kinase Alleviates Acute Liver Failure via Downregulation of NLRP3 Inflammasome
Authors: Ye Bingjue , Chen Shiwei , Guo Huiting , Zheng Weiyang , Lou Guohua , Liang Xue , Liu Yanning , Zhou Cheng , Zheng Min
Published: January 2023

There is no effective treatment for acute liver failure (ALF) except for an artificial liver support system (ALSS) and liver transplant. Bruton tyrosine kinase (Btk) plays important immunoregulatory roles in the inflammatory diseases, but its possible function in ALF remains to be characterized. In this study, we detected the phosphorylation level of Btk in ALF mouse liver and analyzed the protective effects of Btk inhibitor on survival rate and liver damage in ALF mouse models. We measured the expression levels of various inflammatory cytokines in the ALF mouse liver and primary human monocytes. In addition, we examined the expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome in mouse models with or without Btk inhibition. Clinically, we observed the dynamic changes of Btk expression in PBMCs of ALSS-treated patients. Our results showed that Btk was upregulated significantly in the experimental ALF mouse models and that Btk inhibition alleviated liver injury and reduced the mortality in these models. The protective effect of Btk inhibitors on ALF mice partially depended on the suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome signaling. Clinical investigations revealed that the dynamic changes of Btk expression in PBMCs could predict the effect of ALSS treatment. Our work shows that Btk inhibition is an effective therapeutic strategy for ALF. Moreover, Btk is a useful indicator to predict the therapeutic effect of ALSS on liver failure, which might have great value in clinical practice.
Sirt1 is responsible for antigen presentation in B cells through induction of CIITA expression and CIITA deacetylation
Authors: Park Seok-Rae , Han Younghwan , Shin Jongdae , Kang Jaeku
Published: January 2023

The NAD+-dependent deacetylase Sirt1 is known to modulate metabolism, inflammation, and aging. It has been reported that Sirt1 regulates differentiation and function of innate immune cells and T cells. However, the role of Sirt1 in B cell functions has not been well studied. The present study aimed to determine the role of Sirt1 in antigen presentation function of B cells. First, we investigated the effects of Sirt1 activator/inhibitor and Sirt1 deficiency on expression of major components (Ii, DM, DO, and MHC II) of the MHC II antigen presentation pathway in B cells, and we determined whether antigen presentation function of B cells is dependent on Sirt1 using an experiment regarding CD4+ OT-II T cell responses to OVA-pulsed Sirt1-deficient B cells or OVA-pulsed Sirt1 activator/inhibitor-stimulated B cells in vitro co-culture. Expression of all the components in B cells and CD4+ OT-II T differentiation to CD4+ TNF-α+ (Th1), CD4+ IL-17+ (Th17), and CD4+ IL-21+ (Tfh) cells were diminished in the case of Sirt1 inhibitor-treated B cells or Sirt1-deficient B cells, while Sirt1 activator increased the expression and the differentiation. Next, we found that Sirt1 deacetylates CIITA, a key transcription factor of transcription of the major components in the MHC II antigen presentation pathway, in B cells. In addition, we revealed that Sirt1 is required for CIITA expression. Taken together, we conclude that Sirt1 is essential for antigen presentation by B cells, and this might be caused by induction of CIITA expression and deacetylation of CIITA.

Supported by grants from NRF (2016R1D1A1B04935588, 2017R1A6A1A03015713)
Mechanisms underlying the mollusk hemocyanin processing and presentation through MHC-dependent pathways in antigen presenting cells of mammals
Authors: Becker María Inés , Salazar Michelle L , Díaz-Dinamarca Diego , Vásquez Abel E , Villar Javiera , Alvarado Alejandra , Castillo Byron , Navarro Daniel , Salazar Fabián , Manubens Augusto
Published: January 2023

Hemocyanins are oligomeric glycoproteins widely used as immunomodulators because they bias immunity towards a Th1 profile when inoculated in mammals. We have demonstrated that hemocyanins are internalized through receptor-mediated endocytosis, and TLR4 and C-type lectin receptors (MR, DC-SIGN, MGL) participate in the hemocyanin-mediated proinflammatory response in mouse and human dendritic cells (DCs). However, despite the massive use of hemocyanins, their intracellular processing route for MHC presentation to T lymphocytes has been scarcely studied. Therefore, we hypothesized that hemocyanins follow the MHC-II pathway as a classical T-cell-dependent antigen. Interestingly, our results analyzing the processing pathway of hemocyanins in mouse DCs showed that hemocyanins from Fissurella latimarginata (FLH) and Megathura crenulata (KLH) co-localized with Rab5+, Rab7+, and Lamp-1+ compartments. This observation strongly suggests that hemocyanins could be cross-presented by MHC-I molecules. Furthermore, DCs incubated with FLH showed an increase in the percentage of MHC-I+ cells versus the control cells.

FLH-induced cytokine secretion decreased in J774.2 macrophages treated with pharmacological inhibitors of both MHC-II and MHC-I pathways, supporting our previous results on hemocyanin cross-presentation but also the MHC-II pathway. Furthermore, immunoblot confirmed different FLH proteolysis patterns in macrophages treated with MHC-I and MHC-II pathway inhibitors. Hence, we postulate that hemocyanins undergo both MHC-I and MHC-II dependent antigen presentation pathways in antigen-presenting cells. These findings offer molecular clues to underlying hemocyanin processing and presentation mechanisms.

Supported by grants from FONDECYT N° 1151337 and N° 1201600 (MIB), ANID/Beca Doctorado Nacional N° 21210946 (MLS) and N° 21200880 (DDD).
B cell-mediated antigen presentation is required to induce functional pathogenicity of CD4 T cells in a proteolipid protein mouse model of multiple sclerosis.
Authors: Boyden Alexander W , Wilhelm Connor R , Updahye Mohit , Karandikar Nitin J
Published: January 2023

Given the success of B cell depletion therapy in multiple sclerosis (MS), deeper understanding of pathogenic B cells will be key in developing novel treatments. Notably, B cell depletion therapy leaves plasma cells and immunoglobulin levels largely intact, indicating that B cells provide pathogenic functions beyond antibodies. To better understand this, we recently developed a novel B cell-dependent, antibody-independent experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model of MS featuring immunoreactivity to the extracellular domains of myelin proteolipid protein (PLPECD). In contrast to a B cell-independent EAE model, we demonstrate here that PLPECD induced EAE in WT but not B cell-depleted mice, and that established disease was ameliorated by B cell depletion. We tested antigen presentation by B cells through mixed bone marrow chimeras and demonstrate that mice in which MHC II deficiency is restricted to B cells alone failed to exhibit EAE compared to MHC II sufficient mice. Given that HLA class II is the largest molecular link to MS incidence and CD4 T cells are causative in EAE, we tested B cells’ influence on CD4 T cells. In the absence of B cells, we observed not only lower activation and proliferation of CD4 T cells, but also noted a lower proinflammatory functional profile amongst the activated cells. Further, adoptively transferred CD4 T cells derived from B cell-depleted donors induced significantly less EAE compared to those from B cell-sufficient donors. These results demonstrate that antigen presentation by B cells plays a critical role in the activation, proliferation, function and pathogenicity of autoreactive CD4 T cells in demyelinating disease.

Supported by grants from NIAID/NIH AI156123 and US Veterans Affairs I01BX003677.
A specific 25-mer peptide from the cysteine protease of P. gingivalis is the epitope of humoral immune response in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Tsay Gregory J , Peng Hsin-Yi , Xue Ting-Yin , Hsieh Fei-Hung , Chen Yi-Ko , Yin Mei-Chin , Chao Che-Yi , Tsai Shu-Yao , Lin Chung Ping , Huang Po-Hao , Yeo Kai-Jieh , Huang Chien-Chung , Chen Jiunn-Horng , Huang Chung-Ming , Chen Der-Yuan , Lan Joung-Liang
Published: January 2023

Objective

Several lines of evidence suggest that the pathobiont Porphyromonas gingivalis is involved in the development and/or progression of rheumatoid arthritis. This bacterium produces cysteine proteases, such as gingipain RgpA, endowed with the potential to induce significant inflammation in patients with periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis. Both diseases involve chronic inflammation with the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, connective tissue breakdown and bone erosion.

Methods

A 25-peptide named BR1 from Porphyromonas gingivalis was synthesized for the study. Serum samples from patients with RA, early arthritis, other rheumatic diseases, and normal controls were used in the study. A monoclonal antibody named BR2mAb was derived from BALB/c mice immunized with the 25-mer peptide was produced as the control. Anti-BR1, ACPA and RF were detected by ELISA.

Results

Anti-BR1 were detected in 56.0% (59/106) of RA patients and were found in 63.8% (23/36) of RA patients without both RF and/or ACPA. The serological positive rates with the two tests of RF and ACPA and with the three tests of anti-BR1, RF, and ACPA were 66% and 84.2%, respectively. Anti-BR1 were detected in 60.0% (9/15) of patients with early arthritis, but neither RF nor ACPA was detected in this group of patients. The sensitivity and specificity for RA were 60.1% and 95%, respectively. The BR2 mAb reacted to Porphyromonas gingivalis as well.

Conclusions

A specific 25-mer peptide from the cysteine protease of P. gingivalis is the epitope for humoral immune response in rheumatoid arthritis. The anti-25-mer peptide antibody test is an excellent new test for the diagnosis of patients with RA and early arthritis.

This study was supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (MOST-104-2314-B-039-045, MOST-105-2911-I-039-504, MOST-105-2314-B-039-047, MOST-106-2911-I-039-501, MOST-107-2314-B-039-050, MOST-108-2314-B-039-019), and from China Medical University Hospital (DMR-106-188, DMR-108-183, DMR-109-206).