bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary arterial hypertension: Specialists’ knowledge, practices, and attitudes of genetic counseling and genetic testing in the USA
Authors: Jacher Joseph E. , Martin Lisa J. , Chung Wendy K. , Loyd James E. , Nichols William C.
Published: March 2017

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by obstruction of pre‐capillary pulmonary arteries, which leads to sustained elevation of pulmonary arterial pressure. Identifying those at risk through early interventions, such as genetic testing, may mitigate disease course. Current practice guidelines recommend genetic counseling and offering genetic testing to individuals with heritable PAH, idiopathic PAH, and their family members. However, it is unclear if PAH specialists follow these recommendations. Thus, our research objective was to determine PAH specialists’ knowledge, utilization, and perceptions about genetic counseling and genetic testing. A survey was designed and distributed to PAH specialists who primarily work in the USA to assess their knowledge, practices, and attitudes about the genetics of PAH.

Participants’ responses were analyzed using parametric and non‐parametric statistics and groups were compared using the Wilcoxon rank sum test. PAH specialists had low perceived and actual knowledge of the genetics of PAH, with 13.2% perceiving themselves as knowledgeable and 27% actually being knowledgeable. Although these specialists had positive or ambivalent attitudes about genetic testing and genetic counseling, they had poor utilization of these genetic services, with almost 80% of participants never or rarely ordering genetic testing or referring their patients with PAH for genetic counseling. Physicians were more knowledgeable, but had lower perceptions of the value of genetic testing and genetic counseling compared to non‐physicians (P < 0.05). The results suggest that increased education and awareness is needed about the genetics of PAH as well as the benefits of genetic testing and genetic counseling for individuals who treat patients with PAH.
Simvastatin‐induced sphingosine 1−phosphate receptor 1 expression is KLF2‐dependent in human lung endothelial cells
Authors: Sun Xiaoguang , Mathew Biji , Sammani Saad , Jacobson Jeffrey R. , Garcia Joe G. N.
Published: March 2017

We have demonstrated that simvastatin and sphingosine 1−phosphate (S1P) both attenuate increased vascular permeability in preclinical models of acute respiratory distress syndrome. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. As Krüppel‐like factor 2 (KLF2) serves as a critical regulator for cellular stress response in endothelial cells (EC), we hypothesized that simvastatin enhances endothelial barrier function via increasing expression of the barrier‐promoting S1P receptor, S1PR1, via a KLF2‐dependent mechanism. S1PR1 luciferase reporter promoter activity in human lung artery EC (HPAEC) was tested after simvastatin (5 μM), and S1PR1 and KLF2 protein expression detected by immunoblotting. In vivo, transcription and expression of S1PR1 and KLF2 in mice lungs were detected by microarray profiling and immunoblotting after exposure to simvastatin (10 mg/kg). Endothelial barrier function was measured by trans‐endothelial electrical resistance with the S1PR1 agonist FTY720‐(S)‐phosphonate. Both S1PR1 and KLF2 gene expression (mRNA, protein) were significantly increased by simvastatin in vitro and in vivo. S1PR1 promoter activity was significantly increased by simvastatin (P < 0.05), which was significantly attenuated by KLF2 silencing (siRNA). Simvastatin induced KLF2 recruitment to the S1PR1 promoter, and consequently, significantly augmented the effects of the S1PR1 agonist on EC barrier enhancement (P < 0.05), which was significantly attenuated by KLF2 silencing (P < 0.05). These results suggest that simvastatin upregulates S1PR1 transcription and expression via the transcription factor KLF2, and consequently augments the effects of S1PR1 agonists on preserving vascular barrier integrity. These results may lead to novel combinatorial therapeutic strategies for lung inflammatory syndromes.
Indigenous Peoples’ Attitude Toward Their Elders and Associated Personality Correlates
Authors: Morrisseau Nakita-Rose , Caswell Joseph M. , Sinclair Amber , Valliant Paul M.
Published: March 2017

Research has indicated there are cultural differences in attitudes toward seniors. Very few studies, however, have been undertaken to evaluate attitudes toward elders in indigenous populations in Canada. The current study was unique in this regard by asking indigenous participants ranging in age from 18 to 50 years to provide their attitudes toward their native elders. The research was conducted with people who live on reserve and off reserve in communities in Northern Ontario. We sought to understand the influence of gender and personality factors on attitudes toward elders. The Kogan’s Attitude Toward Old People Scale and Cattell’s 16 Personality Factor Questionnaires were used to investigate attitude and personality differences among an indigenous sample. Results indicated that indigenous people have positive attitudes toward elders. There were no significant gender or living arrangement differences for those living on or off reserve. Significant correlations were found between personality factors and attitudes toward the elders. Potential implications are discussed.
Evidence-informed capacity building for setting health priorities in low- and middle-income countries: A framework and recommendations for further research
Authors: Li Ryan , Ruiz Francis , Culyer Anthony J. , Chalkidou Kalipso , Hofman Karen J
Published: March 2017

Priority-setting in health is risky and challenging, particularly in resource-constrained settings. It is not simply a narrow technical exercise, and involves the mobilisation of a wide range of capacities among stakeholders – not only the technical capacity to “do” research in economic evaluations. Using the Individuals, Nodes, Networks and Environment (INNE) framework, we identify those stakeholders, whose capacity needs will vary along the evidence-to-policy continuum. Policymakers and healthcare managers require the capacity to commission and use relevant evidence (including evidence of clinical and cost-effectiveness, and of social values); academics need to understand and respond to decision-makers’ needs to produce relevant research. The health system at all levels will need institutional capacity building to incentivise routine generation and use of evidence. Knowledge brokers, including priority-setting agencies (such as England’s National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, and Health Interventions and Technology Assessment Program, Thailand) and the media can play an important role in facilitating engagement and knowledge transfer between the various actors. Especially at the outset but at every step, it is critical that patients and the public understand that trade-offs are inherent in priority-setting, and careful efforts should be made to engage them, and to hear their views throughout the process. There is thus no single approach to capacity building; rather a spectrum of activities that recognises the roles and skills of all stakeholders. A range of methods, including formal and informal training, networking and engagement, and support through collaboration on projects, should be flexibly employed (and tailored to specific needs of each country) to support institutionalisation of evidence-informed priority-setting. Finally, capacity building should be a two-way process; those who build capacity should also attend to their own capacity development in order to sustain and improve impact.
Investigating the equine stomach and beyond
Authors: Hardy Emma
Published: March 2017

Emma Hardy, PhD discusses new perspectives on gastrointestinal health and pathology beyond the equine stomach
Reducing the burden
Authors: Austin Corrine
Published: March 2017

Dr Corrine Austin discusses the control and reduction of the equine parasitic worm burden
Look into my eyes
Authors: Watson Rebecca
Published: March 2017

Rebecca Watson, MsC RVN discusses some of the most commonly encountered problems
A global strategy
Authors: Williams Ellie
Published: March 2017

Ellie Williams of Brooke explains some of the worldwide issues they are tackling
Re-thinking how school reports communicate
Authors: Terrey Christine
Published: March 2017

The school report should be much more than comments and marks, says headteacher Christine Terrey. It needs to convey a holistic picture of each child.
All the colours of the dark: Film genre and the Italian giallo
Authors: Kannas Alexia
Published: March 2017

Recent scholarship on the giallo film – and Italian horror more broadly – has emphasized the use of the Italian term filone (‘thread’ or ‘streamlet’) instead of ‘genre’ to describe the particular production contexts of Italian genre film in the post-war period. This article considers how and why the giallo problematizes film genre as it is traditionally conceived, and argues that the giallo film is uniquely positioned to pose fundamental questions about genre as a theoretical system, as well as to question the task of genre criticism itself. Through an examination of historical approaches to film genre via the giallo case study, the article shows how this group of films debunks theories of generic evolution and complicates the notion of generic hybridity. Whilst challenging the cultural hegemony of Hollywood, framing the giallo as a genre demands a radical conceptualization of genre systems that more readily accommodates their propensity to shift and change over time.
Within the perpetual pentagram: Religious discourse in the Hawai‘i metal scene
Authors: Olson Benjamin Hedge
Published: March 2017

This article explores the religious dimensions of the metal scene in the Hawaiian Islands. While most scenes are large enough or have enough access to external scenes to segregate overtly Christian metal from metal that is hostile to Christianity, the metal scene in Hawai‘i must accommodate a wide range of religious perspectives as a result of its small size and geographic isolation. Bands that glorify Satanism or are deeply critical of Christianity must share stages with aggressively evangelical bands, creating significant discursive tension within the scene. As in metal scenes across the globe, the metal scene in Hawai‘i is preoccupied with religion in a variety of ways. How this religious preoccupation play itself out reflects local tension, hostilities and anxieties within the scene in question.
Slashing through the boundaries: Heavy metal fandom, fan fiction and girl cultures
Authors: Hoad Catherine
Published: March 2017

This article explores the creation and circulation of online fan fiction about heavy metal performers. Heavy metal fan fiction, which is overwhelmingly created and consumed by young women, allows girls not only to actively assert themselves within this form of music fandom, but also to renegotiate hegemonic codes of hyper-heterosexual masculinity within heavy metal discourses. The queering of metal masculinity through slash (male/male) fiction further demonstrates how such practices deconstruct heavy metal’s gender norms and actually slash the rigid strictures of metal masculinity in the process. These constellations of sexuality, gender and metal fandom have thus enabled girls to redefine their own resistant spaces within a masculinist subculture.
Blandas maquinas de guerra: El potencial deseante de la cibernética
Authors: Cebral Loureda Manuel
Published: March 2017

La cibernética ha cogido el relevo de las técnicas y tecnologías sociales disciplinarias que caracterizaron las máquinas sociales hasta el capitalismo productivista del S.XVIII y XIX. A través de un control simultáneo de lo individual y lo colectivo, singularizando la información y redistribuyendo los focos de control, observación y vigilancia ubicuamente en todo el cuerpo social, la nueva era red facilita las conductas y previene todo accidente en una misma operación analítica y axiomática que se justifica de este modo siempre a sí misma, sin posibilidad de ser a su vez controlada, analizada. Un todo-uno-máquina amenaza con implantarse como el todo-uno-posible frente al caos; para todo cuerpo, afecto, pueblo, singularidad… El discurso a favor del uso y desarrollo de tecnologías blandas sólo se opone en parte a esta lógica; pues de otro modo es también parte de la misma. Quizá, para deshacer este lazo, sea necesario precisar las cuestiones que dentro del mismo movimiento atienden a las problematizaciones ya expresadas en las críticas que nos anteceden.
Construyendo experiencias transmedia: El caso de “Tirabirak / Tiras que aflojan”
Authors: Mimenza Castillo Libe , Narbaiza Amillategi Bea
Published: March 2017

El proyecto TIRABIRAK analiza la representación del conflicto vasco en las viñetas de los diarios, durante los años 1977 y 2016. Sin embargo, es más que un proyecto de investigación, ya que propone una reflexión crítica y una relectura de nuestro pasado reciente y lo hace a través de plataformas y lenguajes diversos, lo que permite el acceso de la población a través de distintos canales. El grupo de investigación EMAN, la Fundación Donostia/San Sebastian 2016 y EITB se han unido en este proyecto que ha recopilado un importante número de viñetas, entrevistas con los dibujantes más significativos (Forges, Zaldieroa, Axpi, Peridis, Tasio, Oroz, Zulet y otros) e información sobre el contexto social y político de las últimas cuatro décadas. Además ha diseñado un conjunto de plataformas y medios a través de los que socializar la información acumulada y permitir un diálogo abierto y plural. El diseño transmedia que sustenta TIRABIRAK utiliza videos, aplicaciones informáticas, actividades cara a cara y escritas y de este modo desplega en toda su complejidad la historia del conflicto vasco en las viñetas. El proyecto tiene dos bases fundamentales: la exposición física y el documental interactivo. La primera de ellas, al ser itinerante ha recorrido las capitales y algunos pueblos vascos (Pamplona, Bilbao, Donostia-San Sebastian, Arrasate, Vitoria-Gasteiz...), mostrando una selección de las viñetas más significativas y otros contenidos audiovisuales e informáticos y que conforman una experiencia abierta y rica para los visitantes. En cuanto al documental web, es una plataforma virtual en la que se pueden visionar todos los contenidos de las entrevistas, acceder al archivo digital que contiene cerca de 1.200 tiras gráficas e información que contextualiza el quehacer de los periódicos y de las viñetas. TIRABIRAK es un proyecto creativo plural y abierto, que ha combinado las plataformas fisica y virtual, multiplicando los canales de acceso y ofreciendo a sus usuarios una experiencia rica y retadora.
Lactose tolerance test on Indonesian newborn infants
Authors: Surjono Achmad , Surjantoro Surjantoro , Sadjimin Tonny , Ismangun Ismangun
Published: March 2017

It is well accepted that milk is the only source of nutrition for newborn infants. Human milk as well as cow's milk contains a considerable amount of specific carbohydrate, namely lactose. Lactose must be hydrolyzed into its components monosaccharides, glucose and galactose by small intestinal enzyme lactase in order to be utilized.
Correlation between nucleated red blood cells and pulse oxygen saturation in neonatal asphyxia
Authors: Sarosa Gatot Irawan , Rahmadi Farid A. , Kosim Muhammad Sholeh , Rahardjani Kamilah B.
Published: March 2017

Background Neonatal asphyxia is the major cause of neonataldeath at a rate of approximately 23%. The incidence of asphyxiais higher in developing countries, due to limited availability ofperinatology facilities. Hypoxia due to asphyxia is characterizedby low pulse oxygen saturation (Sp02), which basic health carefacilities are unable to monitor. The number ofnucleated red bloodcells (nRBCs) in asphyxia increases in order to compensate forthe hypoxia. Few studies have reported on nRBCs as they relateto pulse oxygen saturation in neonatal asphyxia.Objective To assess for a correlation between nRBCs and pulseoxygen saturation in neonatal asphyxia.Methods In this cross-sectional study, asphyxia was assessed byway of Apgar scores; pulse oxygen saturation was monitored bypulse oximetry; and nRBCs were determined by blood smears.Statistical analysis used was Spearman's test.Results Subjects were 41 neonates with asphyxia, 15 of whomhad 5th minute Apgar scores S 6. Subjects with Apgar scores S 6had significantly higher umbilical venous nRBC counts [20.0 (SD13.09) /100 white blood cell] than subjects with Apgar score >6 [8.81 (SD 8.71) /100 white blood cell] ; (P = 0.004). Subjectswith Apgar S 6 had significantly lower 5th minute Sp02 values[76.46 (SD 6.17) %] than subjects with Apgar scores > 6 [87.03(SD 6.29)]; (P < 0.0001). Spearmans' test revealed a significantcorrelation between higher nRBC counts and lower pulse oxygensaturation (r = -0.804; P<0.0001) .Conclusion In asphyxia neonatorum there is a correlationbetween umbilical vein nRBC counts and the 5th minute Sp02.As such, we recommend using nRBC examinations to predictpulse oxygen saturation as a means to assess the severity ofhypoxia in peripheral areas where pulse oximetry machines maybe unavailable
Predictors of mortality in children with lupus nephritis
Authors: Oktadianto Lukman , Prasetyo Risky Vitria , Soemyarso Ninik Asmaningsih , Noer Mohammad Sjaifullah
Published: March 2017

Background Renal involvement during the clinical course ofsystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is generally considered to bethe most important factor influencing disease prognosis in termsof morbidity and mortality. Various factors have been reported toinfluence the prognosis of lupus nephritis (LN).Objective To analyze clinical signs and laboratory parameters thatmight serve as predictors associated with mortality in pediatricLN.Methods Retrospectively, medical records of children with LNat Soetomo Hospital from 1998 to 2011 were studied. Diagnosisof SLE was based on Revised American Rheumatism Associationcritera, while patients with clinical manifestations of hypertension,abnormal urinalysis, and serum creatinin > 1 mg/dL wereconsidered as lupus nephritis. Cox proportional hazard modelingwas used to assess for associations of clinical signs and laboratoryparameters with mortality. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis wasused to assess the cumulative survival from the time of diagnosisto the outcome.Results There were 57 children with LN of whom 43 (75%) weregirls. The female-to-male ratio was 3:1. Subjects’ mean age was 10.6(SD 6.87) years. The mean time of observation was 51 (SD 74.54)months and 23 (40%) children died. Age, gender, hypertension,hematuria, proteinuria, and anemia were not significant aspredictors for mortality. However, hypertensive crisis (HR=2.79;95%CI 1.16 to 6.75; P=0.02) and initial glomerular filtration rate(GFR) of <75 mL/min/1.73m2 (HR=3.01; 95%CI 1.23 to 7.34;P=0.01) were significant predictors of mortality in children with LN.The mean survival time of LN with hypertensive crisis and initialGFR <75 mL/min/1.73m2 was 36.9 (SD 12.17) months.Conclusion Hypertensive crisis and GFR <75 mL/min/1.73m2 aresignificant predictors of mortality in children with LN.
Staff members’ satisfaction level with the ministry of health and social services strategic plan implementation at three intermediate public hospitals in Namibia
Authors: Abner Kukeyinge Shopati , Mitonga Kabwebwe Honore , Albert Johannes Isaacs
Published: March 2017

This research aims to explore the staff remembers satisfaction level with strategic decisions implementation in the three intermediate public hospitals in Namibia. Reviewing the literature, 27 variables were identified. The items were then reduced using exploratory factor analysis, which is evaluated using Principal Axis Factoring with Direct Oblimin rotation. Using exploratory factor analysis, variables were categorized into 5 implementation perspectives. This model, in the order of effect, identified Service Provision with a predictor importance of (0.79), Human Resources Management (0.07), Governance (0.06), Financial Management (0.05) while, the Infrastructure Development and Management with predictor importance of (0.03) is the least important. This implies that the Service Provision theme is perceived by the MoHSS staff as having the largest impact of implementation satisfaction and quality of service perceptions at the three intermediate public hospitals. The radar chart also shows that the respondents perceived levels of satisfaction with strategy implementation is rated less than desired levels (yellow) of implementation superiority. The only item perceived to perform better than minimum level (blue) is related infrastructures development and management (IDM-2), Improve health facilities to be responsive to emerging needs’’. This implies that the strategic plans implementation level failed to meet the minimum satisfaction level of the operational staff and hospitals management teams. This further implied that top management shall be recognized that operational staff and hospitals management teams can turn strategic plan implementation into success.
Editorial: Brain, mind and educational technology
Authors: Lodge Jason M , Kennedy Gregor , Lockyer Lori
Published: March 2017

The emergence and growth of research in cognitive neuroscience over recent decades has led to important discoveries about how the brain and mind work. These discoveries have potential implications for the use of educational technologies and provide insight into possibilities for improving student learning in digital environments. Despite the promise of the emerging field of educational neuroscience, it is difficult to translate findings from the laboratory to the physical or virtual classroom. The articles in this special issue of AJET are attempts to bridge this gap. We hope that this special issue will serve as a catalyst for further work on the translation of foundational research on the brain and mind to learning design and teaching with educational technologies.
Editorial
Authors: Hedberg John G
Published: March 2017

This issue coincides with the first meeting of the new Australian Societyfor Educational Technology. The chapters have now come together to forma national association which will be incorporated in the ACT. It is hopedthat the success of the last few years will be continued under the newnational constitution.
Editorial 32(5): A question of ethics
Authors: Heinrich Eva , Henderson Michael , Lee Chwee Beng
Published: March 2017

The rapid change of technologies and the social and pedagogical practices that surround them mean that institutional procedures and the published field are often lagging behind. Those of us who work in the field of educational technology need to recognise that satisfying the requirements of institutional ethics compliance may not satisfy a broader ethical responsibility to our research participants. We face opportunities and threats based on the ever-increasing recording of data and the correlation of those data in a variety of areas in our lives. Teaching and learning is no different, with its opportunities to connect data across institutional repositories, reporting on micro, meso and macro levels. The field of learning analytics is grappling with the issues of ethics on a variety of dimensions, ranging from privacy and consent to the responsibilities around reporting.
The characterizations of upper approximation operators based on special coverings
Authors: Wang Pei , Li Qingguo
Published: March 2017

In this paper, we discuss the approximation operators

${\overline {apr} _{NS}}$
and

${\overline {apr} _S}$
which are based on NS(U) and S. We not only obtain some properties of NS(U) and S, but also give examples to show some special properties. We also study sufficient and necessary conditions when they become closure operators. In addition, we give general and topological characterizations of the covering for two types of covering-based upper approximation operators being closure operators.
Leveraging exceptions and limitations for digital curation and online collections
Authors: Aufderheide Patricia
Published: March 2017

Librarians wanting to use digital affordances for their patron’s and public benefit have increasingly found themselves frustrated by copyright law designed for a pre-digital era. In the U.S., this frustration has driven the nation’s most prestigious library group, the Association of Research Libraries, to explore the utility of the major exception to copyright monopoly rights, fair use, in order to accomplish basic curation and collection goals in a digital era. The ARL’s efforts to clarify how libraries can employ fair use has resulted in sometimes-dramatic changes in how work is done, and has permitted innovation at some universities. Its approach demonstrates the power of consensus in a professional field to permit innovation within the law.
How to build better participative digital libraries and their user communities – Insights from the user study of the Facebook heritage group “Zagreb kakav je bio nekada” (Zagreb as it used to be)
Authors: Duić Mirko
Published: March 2017

This study has provided insights into the activities of members of the Facebook heritage group “Zagreb kakav je bio nekada” that can support the creation of the old Zagreb image collection and the building of the user community around this collection. We have used historical and content analysis to examine the relationships between the characteristics of images posted in this group and activities of its members. Based on the findings from this research, we have made recommendations to the creators of digital libraries which could help them plan and build better participative digital libraries and their user communities. We hope that the insights obtained by this research as well as the novel methodological approach used in this study will be valuable as a foundation for further research.
Information horizons of Croatian experts in different professions
Authors: Turk Ivana , Petr Balog Kornelija
Published: March 2017

This paper presents findings of a study based on the concept of information horizons, which was proposed in 1999 by Diane Sonnenwald with purpose of exploration human information behaviour. Sonnenwald suggests in her framework that certain types of data, which have not been traditionally included in studies of information behaviour, are important. These data include when and why people access (or why they do not access) information resources and channels, relationships and interconnectedness among information resources, individual preferences and evaluation of information resources and the impact of contexts and situations on the information seeking process. Since the concept of information horizons includes a mixture of data collection methodologies, this paper brings only the data obtained through information horizon maps.The research described in the paper was conducted in May 2015 in Osijek, Croatia and included ten respondents – five teachers of Croatian language and literature and five physicians. The purpose of the research was to learn how information horizons and information sources they are comprised of differ between observed professions and between two age groups in which we divided the respondents. For the purpose of this research, we used semi-structured interviews using the critical incident technique, map drawing technique, but also a short questionnaire we created. Maps consisted of three concentric circles named Zone 1, 2 and 3 and the sources listed in the maps were weighed accordingly.Our results show that although online and printed sources are widely used by all our respondents, physicians show slight preference for online, whereas teachers for printed resources. Younger respondents tend to use a wider variety of information sources whereas older respondents tend to prefer online sources. This is the first research of information horizons in Croatia, and one of few researches in general that deal with information horizons of members of different professions.
Information seeking behavior for decision making in everyday life
Authors: Kolarić Alica , Stričević Ivanka
Published: March 2017

The pilot study investigates adolescents’ information-seeking behavior for decision-making purposes. The aim of the study is to explore adolescents’ information-seeking behavior in everyday life decision-making situations. In this research we use a survey method with a questionnaire comprised of hypothetical decision-making situations which allows respondents to elaborate on their answers. The research aims to reveal whether adolescents engage in deliberate information seeking when facing everyday life decisions and if so, which information sources they use. Moreover, the research explores the importance attached by adolescents to information in making decisions. In addition, the results will be used for developing a methodology for a large-scale research project.
A decision support system to facilitate file format selection for digital preservation
Authors: Graf Roman , Gordea Sergiu , M. Ryan Heather , Houzanme Tibaut
Published: March 2017

This paper presents a method to facilitate decision making for the preservation of digital content in libraries and archives using institutional risk profiles that highlight endangered files formats (in danger of becoming inaccessible or unusable). The primary contribution of this work is the combined use of both machine-mined data and human-expert input to select and configure institution-specific preservation risk profiles. The machine-mined data used the developed File Format Metadata Aggregator (FFMA), and the crowdsourced expert input was collected via two surveys of digital preservation practitioners. A by-product of this endeavor is the ability to visualize risk factors for analysis. The underlying decision support system used the Cosine Similarity algorithm to provide recommendations for matching risk profiles to selected institutional risk settings. This method improves the interpretability of risk factor values and the quality of a digital preservation process. The aggregated information about the risk factors is presented as a multidimensional vector that shows a particular analysis focus and its resulting impact on selected file formats. Sample risk profile calculations and the visualization of risk factor dimensions are shared in the evaluation section.
Scholarly reference trees
Authors: Kocijan Kristina , Požega Marko , Poljak Dario
Published: March 2017

In this paper, we propose, explain and implement bibliometric data analysis and visualization model in a web environment. We use NLP syntactic grammars for pattern recognition of references used in scholarly publications. The extracted information is used for visualizing author egocentric data via tree like structure. The ultimate goal of this work is to use the egocentric trees for comparisons of two authors and to build networks or forests of different trees depending on the forest’s attributes. We have stumbled upon many different problems ranging from exceptions in citation style structures to optimization of visualization model in order to achieve an optimal user experience. We will give a summary of our grammars’ restrictions and will provide some ideas for possible future work that could improve the overall user experience. The proposed trees can function by themselves, or they can be implemented in digital repositories of libraries and different types of citation databases.
Molecular Population Genetics
Authors: Casillas Sònia , Barbadilla Antonio
Published: March 2017

Molecular population genetics aims to explain genetic variation and molecular evolution from population genetics principles. The field was born 50 years ago with the first measures of genetic variation in allozyme loci, continued with the nucleotide sequencing era, and is currently in the era of population genomics. During this period, molecular population genetics has been revolutionized by progress in data acquisition and theoretical developments. The conceptual elegance of the neutral theory of molecular evolution or the footprint carved by natural selection on the patterns of genetic variation are two examples of the vast number of inspiring findings of population genetics research. Since the inception of the field, Drosophila has been the prominent model species: molecular variation in populations was first described in Drosophila and most of the population genetics hypotheses were tested in Drosophila species. In this review, we describe the main concepts, methods, and landmarks of molecular population genetics, using the Drosophila model as a reference. We describe the different genetic data sets made available by advances in molecular technologies, and the theoretical developments fostered by these data. Finally, we review the results and new insights provided by the population genomics approach, and conclude by enumerating challenges and new lines of inquiry posed by increasingly large population scale sequence data.
Unusual discovery after an examination for abdominal pain: Abernethy 1b malformation and liver adenomatosis. A case report
Authors: Chira Romeo Ioan , Calauz Adriana , Manole Simona , Valean Simona , Mircea Petru Adrian
Published: March 2017

Congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt (Abernethy malformation) is a rare condition characterized by developmental abnormalities of the portal venous system resulting in the diversion of the portal blood from the liver to the systemic venous system through a complete or partial shunt of the portomesenteric blood. We report the case of an 18 year-old female examined for abdominal pain, presenting cholestasis syndrome and an elevated serum aspartate aminotransferase level. Liver ultrasound examination revealed the absence of the portal vein with a complete extrahepatic shunt of the portal blood, multiple focal liver lesions, and multiple associated vascular anomalies. A surgical portosystemic shunt and a secondary portosystemic shunt due to portal vein thrombosis were excluded, enabling the diagnosis of a congenital portosystemic shunt. A complex investigation also discovered bone anomalies, and the liver biopsy of the dominant focal lesion revealed adenoma. On a short-term follow-up under hepatoprotective medication, the biochemical parameters improved mildly; however, the size of the main focal lesion increased.Congenital absence of the portal vein often remains an incidental diagnosis. In experienced hands, ultrasonography can diagnose it, but a comprehensive thoraco-abdominal evaluation is compulsory, considering the many potential associated anomalies. In these patients, development of adenomatous liver lesions secondary to Abernethy type Ib malformation represents an indication for liver transplantation.Abbreviations: AMA: anti-mitochondrial antibodies; ASMA: anti-smooth muscle antibody; ANA: anti-nuclear antibody; anti-LKM-1: liver-kidney microsomal type 1 antibodies; CEPS: congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt; IVC: inferior vena cava; SMV: superior mesenteric vein; SV: splenic vein.
Assessing mucosal healing in IBD in daily practice
Authors: Gheorghe Cristian , Dimitriu Anca , Gheorghe Liana
Published: March 2017

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Neoplastic Gastrointestinal Pathology. An Illustrated Guide
Authors: Rusu Ioana , Rusu Daniel
Published: March 2017

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Variability in Antibiotic Prescribing for Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Authors: Handy Lori K. , Bryan Matthew , Gerber Jeffrey S. , Zaoutis Theoklis , Feemster Kristen A.
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Published guidelines recommend amoxicillin for most children with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), yet macrolides and broad-spectrum antibiotics are more commonly prescribed. We aimed to determine the patient and clinician characteristics associated with the prescription of amoxicillin versus macrolide or broad-spectrum antibiotics for CAP.

METHODS:

Retrospective cohort study in an outpatient pediatric primary care network from July 1, 2009 to June 30, 2013. Patients prescribed amoxicillin, macrolides, or a broad-spectrum antibiotic (amoxicillin–clavulanic acid, cephalosporin, or fluoroquinolone) for CAP were included. Multivariable logistic regression models were implemented to identify predictors of antibiotic choice for CAP based on patient- and clinician-level characteristics, controlling for practice.

RESULTS:

Of 10 414 children, 4239 (40.7%) received amoxicillin, 4430 (42.5%) received macrolides and 1745 (16.8%) received broad-spectrum antibiotics. The factors associated with an increased odds of receipt of macrolides compared with amoxicillin included patient age ≥5 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 6.18; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.53–6.91), previous antibiotic receipt (aOR: 1.79; 95% CI: 1.56–2.04), and private insurance (aOR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.28–1.70). The predicted probability of a child being prescribed a macrolide ranged significantly between 0.22 and 0.83 across clinics. The nonclinical characteristics associated with an increased odds of receipt of broad-spectrum antibiotics compared with amoxicillin included suburban practice (aOR: 7.50; 95% CI: 4.16–13.55) and private insurance (aOR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.18–1.71).

CONCLUSIONS:

Antibiotic choice for CAP varied widely across practices. Factors unlikely related to the microbiologic etiology of CAP were significant drivers of antibiotic choice. Understanding drivers of off-guideline prescribing can inform targeted antimicrobial stewardship initiatives.
A nátrium-glutamát génexpresszióra gyakorolt hatásainak vizsgálata
Authors: Jurasek Júlia Vanda , Raposa László Bence , Gubicskóné Kisbenedek Andrea , Varga Veronika , Szabó Zoltán , Varjas Tímea
Published: March 2017

Abstract:

Introduction: Nowadays, the food industry more often uses different type of additives during the food production. Aim: Our aim was to examine the monosodium-glutamate’s effect (in animal experiment) on DNA-methyltransferases in gene expression patterns of mRNA levels. Materials and method: In the investigation we used 24 (n=24) CD1 type female mice. The animals were fed with different equivalent human doses of the tested substance. After autopsy, mRNA was isolated from different tissues (lung, liver, kidney, spleen). DNMT1, DNMT3A and DNMT3B levels were determined by Quantitative Real-Time PCR. Results: DNMT1 significantly suppressed the gene expression in all the three treated groups (p<0.05). The DNMT3A expression patterns showed significant decreasing tendency in the 1. and 2. treated groups of the lung tissue (p<0,05) and 1, 2, 3. groups of liver and kidney tissues (p<0,05). Conclusions: Our results shows that the monosodium glutamate, suppressed the DNMT1 and DNMT3A gene expression – on mRNA levels of several organs – in mice. It can be a similar chemopreventive effect to epigallo-catechin-gallate’s, curcumin’s, genistein’s, likopine’s and rezveratrol’s effects. In this case it can be possible that the MSG has anticarcinogenic effects. Orv. Hetil., 2017, 158(10), 380–385.
PREVALENSI, INTENSITAS, DAN TRANSMISI WHITE SPOT SYNDROME VIRUS (WSSV) PADA BUDI DAYA UDANG WINDU, Penaeus monodon
Authors: Muliani Muliani , Parenrengi Andi , Sulaeman Sulaeman , Atmomarsono Muharijadi
Published: March 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat prevalensi, intensitas, dan transmisi White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) pada budi daya udang windu, Penaeus monodon. Berbagai jenissampel dikoleksi dari tahapan budi daya yang berbeda yakni dari perbenihan meliputi: induk, telur, pakan induk, artemia, larva, dan air pemeliharaan sedangkan dari pembesaran di tambak meliputi: yuwana udang windu, air, sedimen, pakan alami, pakan buatan, udang-udang liar, jembret, trisipan, kepiting liar, moluska liar, lumut, dan ikan-ikan liar yang hidup di dalam tambak.
PENGELOTAAN FITOPLANKTON YANG iIENITBULKAN BAU LUTIPUR PADA IKAN GURAMI DI KOLAM TADAH HUJAN
Authors: Insan Lrsyaphiani , Setijaningsih Lies , Suhenda Ningrum
Published: March 2017

Masalah timbulnya bau lumpur pada ikan gurami hasil pemeliharaan di kolam stagnan disebabkan oleh senyawa geosmin yang dihasilkan oleh melimpahnya (blooming) fitoplankton (alga hijau-biru) di perairan. Pencegahan cita rasa yang tidak disukai ini perlu diketrahui melalui cara tepat pengendalian melimpahnya plankton.
The TCF7L2 rs7903146 (C/T) polymorphism is associated with risk to type 2 diabetes mellitus in Southern-Brazil
Authors: Assmann Taís S. , Duarte Guilherme C. K. , Rheinheimer Jakeline , Cruz Lavínia A. , Canani Luís H. , Crispim Daisy
Published: March 2017

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the rs7903146 (C/T) polymorphism in the TCF7L2 gene and type 2 diabetes mellitus, in a Southern-Brazilian population. Materials and methods The TCF7L2 rs7903146 polymorphism was genotyped in 953 type 2 diabetic patients and 535 non-diabetic subjects. All subjects were white. The polymorphism was genotyped by Real-Time PCR using TaqMan MGB probes (Life Technologies). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for additive, recessive and dominant inheritance models. Results Genotype and allele frequencies of the rs7903146 polymorphism differed significantly between type 2 diabetic patients and non-diabetic subjects (P = 0.001 and P = 0.0001, respectively). The frequency of the minor allele was 38% in type 2 diabetes group and 31% in non-diabetic subjects, and this allele was significantly associated with type 2 diabetes risk (OR = 1.42, 95% CI 1.15 – 1.76 for the dominant model of inheritance). Moreover, the T/T genotype was associated with a higher risk for type 2 diabetes (OR = 1.83, 95% CI 1.3-2.5) than the presence of only one copy of the T allele (OR = 1.31, 95% CI 1.1-1.6). Both results were adjusted for age and gender. Conclusions Our results confirm the association between the TCF7L2 rs7903146 polymorphism and increase risk for type 2 diabetes in Southern-Brazil. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2014;58(9):918-25
Religiosidade Cristã entre Árabes em São Paulo: Desafios no Passado e no Presente
Authors: Truzzi Oswaldo
Published: March 2017

Resumo O artigo discute a religiosidade cristã entre árabes e descendentes em São Paulo, um contingente quase exclusivamente composto em sua origem por sírios e libaneses que integraram as levas migratórias chegadas ao país a partir do final do século XIX. Após contextualizar suas identidades religiosas, o artigo descreve, com base em pesquisas realizadas pelo próprio autor e dados colhidos em publicações diversas, a situação dos diferentes credos cristãos considerando sua constituição histórica, sua construção institucional e os dilemas que caracterizam a manutenção dos adeptos e suas tradições de origem. Elenca ainda os fatores que debilitaram o vigor da identidade religiosa entre descendentes e os desafios enfrentados para angariar fiéis e afirmar uma identidade específica em meio ao catolicismo romano dominante.
Nonlinear modeling growth body weight of Mangalarga Marchador horses
Authors: Souza Felipe Amorim Caetano , Fernandes Tales Jesus , Moura Raquel Silva de , Meirelles Sarah Laguna Conceição , Ribeiro Rafaela Aparecida , Cunha Fabiana Oliveira , Muniz Joel Augusto
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT: The analysis of the growth and development of various species has been done using the growth curves of the specific animal based on non-linear models. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the fit of the Brody, Gompertz, Logistic and von Bertalanffy models to the cross-sectional data of the live weight of the MangalargaMarchador horses to identify the best model and make accurate predictions regarding the growth and maturity in the males and females of this breed. The study involved recording the weight of 214 horses, of which 94 were males and 120 were non-pregnant females, between 6 and 153 months of age. The parameters of the model were estimated by employing the method of least squares, using the iteratively regularized Gauss-Newton method and the R software package. Comparison of the models was done based on the following criteria: coefficient of determination (R²); Residual Standard Deviation (RSD); corrected Akaike Information Criterion (AICc). The estimated weight of the adult horses by the models ranged between 431kg and 439kg for males and between 416kg and 420kg for females. The growth curves were studied using the cross-sectional data collection method. For males the von Bertalanffymodel was found to be the most effective in expressing growth, while in females the Brody model was more suitable. The MangalargaMarchador females achieve adult body weight earlier than the males.
O insólito e a física moderna: interfaces didáticas do conto fantástico
Authors: Ramos João Eduardo Fernandes , Piassi Luís Paulo
Published: March 2017

Resumo: O presente artigo trata da relação entre Física e Literatura, representada pelo conto fantástico, e suas possibilidades didáticas. Optamos pelo conto, por se tratar de um gênero de leitura rápida, e, selecionamos a literatura fantástica, caracterizada pela hesitação entre o estranho e o maravilhoso e que, ao criar na mente uma reversão diametral, acaba por representar possibilidades educacionais. Nosso objetivo é pensar como os contos fantásticos, podem suscitar a abordagem de conceitos e temáticas da Física. Para tanto, selecionamos três contos de escritores consagrados da literatura: Edgar Allan Poe, Jorge Luís Borges e Murilo Rubião. Como análise, realizamos um estudo literário das obras a partir da semiótica greimasiana, e, com isso, relacionamos o fantástico com a Física, em particular com as concepções contra-intuitivas proporcionadas pela Física. Esta relação nos convida a refletir sobre o próprio conceito de realidade Física, aspecto desejável, mas pouco abordado na educação em ciências.
Sincronização entre um oscilador de fase e um forçamento externo
Authors: Viana Ricardo Luiz , Carvalho Fabiane Fatima de
Published: March 2017

Vários sistemas de interesse físico e biológico podem ser descritos como osciladores auto-sustentados, que mantém seu comportamento oscilatório por meio de um aporte de energia. Do ponto de vista dinâmico, o comportamento de tais sistemas pode ser descrito por meio de um ciclo limite estável no espaço de fase, e o movimento sobre ele é parametrizado por uma fase com uma dada frequência natural. Neste trabalho investigamos o forçamento externo periódico no tempo deste tipo de sistema, destacando os fenômenos de sincronização de frequências, travamento de fase e sincronização generalizada. Um mapa unidimensional é obtido para estender o tratamento matemático geral, que supõe forçamento débil, para o caso de forçamento intenso.
Resolução de problemas abertos no ensino de física: uma revisão da literatura
Authors: Oliveira Vagner , Araujo Ives Solano , Veit Eliane Angela
Published: March 2017

Apresenta-se neste trabalho uma revisão da literatura em resolução de problemas abertos no Ensino de Física, contendo um panorama da produção acadêmica nos últimos 20 anos, assim como os referenciais teóricos e metodológicos adotados no ensino e na pesquisa relativa a problemas abertos no Ensino de Física. Foram consultados os principais periódicos nacionais e internacionais, resultando em 47 artigos, que foram divididos em três categorias para análise: Pesquisa (n=27), Propostas com Aplicação (n=9) e Apresentação de Propostas (n=11). Quanto às metodologias de pesquisa, predominam as quantitativas (n=9), com equilíbrio entre os delineamentos pré-experimental, experimental e quase-experimental, e os métodos mistos, no qual a maioria dos artigos (n=6) apresenta delineamento de pesquisa Integrado. Identificamos uma tendência das metodologias de ensino estarem intensamente fundamentadas em tentativa e erro, uma vez que, em geral, não são utilizados embasamentos em teorias de aprendizagem, que norteariam as práticas profissionais. Quanto aos referenciais teóricos de problemas abertos, prevalecem as concepções de Jonassen.