bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Project Faster — Tools For First Responders
Authors: Łachacz Tomasz
Published: December 2021

This paper presents tools and technologies for first responders (FRs) carrying out tasks at crisis scenes. These technologies are being developed in the framework of the European scientific research project FASTER. There are innovative tools that can help rescuers respond quickly and effectively to save human life and health. This work concerns improving and extending communication and situational awareness for rescuers, smart textiles, autonomous or remotely controlled vehicles. The main point is to integrate the tools into a system coordinated using a mobile operation command centre that will provide a portable common operational picture (PCOP). For the project, the key is to increase the safety of first responders, not just the efficiency of their operations.
International Legal Documents on Preventing and Combating Terrorist Crimes
Authors: Chirita Valentin
Published: December 2021

One of the most serious forms of violence in the contemporary world is terrorism. The detrimental level of terrorist offences is extremely high. It is determined, on the one hand, by the fact that given crimes threaten public security, peace, human security, transport, public authorities and state security, as well as life, health, integrity, personal freedom, heritage and the environment and, on the other hand, by the fact that those offences have recently become widespread.
These serious crimes can only be combated through fruitful international cooperation and collaboration. Only in this way is it possible to protect security and international peace.
Psykososiale vansker etter tap av foreldre i barndom og ungdomstid
Authors: Burrell Lisa Victoria
Published: December 2021

At en forelder dør grunnet ytre årsaker slik som selvmord, ulykker og drap er en av de mest traumatiske hendelser et barn eller ungdom kan oppleve. Tidligere forskning har vist at de som har opplevd slikt tap har økt risiko for psykososiale vanskersammenlignet med de som ikke har opplevd slikt tap. Det er derimot mye vi fortsatt ikke vet omsammenhengen mellom tap av foreldre og psykososiale vansker. Denne artikkelen sammenfatter en rekke studier vi har gjort for å kartlegge hvorvidt personer som har mistet en forelder grunnet ytre dødsårsaker i barndom eller ungdomstid har øktlangvarig risiko for å få lavere utdannelse, psykiske lidelser, psykiatrisk komorbiditet, sykehusbehandlet villet egenskade, selvmord eller flere av disse problemene samtidig. Vi ønsket også å identifisere viktige faktorer ved dødsfallet som kan påvirkeetterlattes risiko. For å gjennomføre disse studiene ekstraherte vi data på individnivå fra fire norske longitudinelle registre, og gjennomførte flere studier med store, representative populasjonsutvalg. Studiene som sammenfattes her utgjør den mestomfattende undersøkelsen av psykososiale vansker hos etterlatte barn i Norge.

Tap av foreldre grunnet ytre årsaker var assosiert med en signifikant høyere risiko for å ikke fullføre utdannelse på alle utdanningsnivåer, bli diagnostisert med en psykisk lidelse, motta sykehusbehandling for villet egenskade og dø iselvmord. Etterlatte hadde også en signifikant høyere sannsynlighet for psykiatrisk komorbiditet og å ha flere psykososiale problemer samtidig. I kombinasjon viste resultatene at tap grunnet selvmord var assosiert med den høyeste risikoen. Somde første innen forskningsfeltet viste også studiene at etterlatte etter fall- og forgiftningsulykker harstørre risiko for psykiske lidelser og sykehusbehandlet villet egenskade enn etterlatte etter transportulykker. Det var derimot små forskjeller knyttet til kjønnet til den avdøde forelderen, barnas alder ved dødsfallet og kjønnet til det etterlatte barnet. Ilys av disse resultatene anbefaler vi at alle etterlatte barn og ungdommer rutinemessig tilbys oppfølgingi primærhelsetjenesten og skolesystemet, og at etterlatte ved selvmord rutinemessig tilbys tettereoppfølging innen psykisk helsevern for barn og unge. De omfattende og langvarige psykososialeproblemene som etterfølger tap av foreldre fremhever viktigheten av en mangefasettert, omfattendeog langvarig oppfølging av denne sårbare gruppen.
Barn som mistar foreldre brått er ekstra utsette for psykisk sjukdom
Authors: Pileberg Silje
Published: December 2021

Barna som mistar foreldra brått i ulykke, drap eller sjølvmord må få ei betre oppfølging enni dag, meiner forskar Lisa Victoria Burrell. – Dei er ekstra sårbare på ei rekke felt, seier ho.
Noen refleksjoner ett år etter at jeg mistet en pasient i suicid
Authors: Oxholm Kay
Published: December 2021

Det er nå ganske nøyaktig ett år siden jeg for første gang opplevde at en av mine pasienter tok sitt eget liv. Hensikten med denne teksten er å fortelle om den følelsesmessige reaksjonen min i etterkant, og hvordan det har gått med meg nå ca ett år etterpå. Jeg ønsker også fortelle om hvordan jeg opplevde støtte fra min leder, kontakt med pårørende, i tillegg til oppfølgingen og gjennomgangen av det formelle i saken. Hva som var nyttig, hva som var mindre nyttig.
Tør å si: - Jeg har det helt jævlig
Authors: Bjørhovde Malin
Published: December 2021

.
Pårørande treng ein stad å vende seg til
Authors: Pileberg Silje
Published: December 2021

Pårørande til personar i sjølvmordsfare er ofte i konstant alarmberedskap. Men ingen har det overordna ansvaret for å hjelpe denne gruppa, ifølgje Anne-Grethe Terjesen i Pårørendealliansen.
Machine Learning for Prognosis of Patients with COVID-19: An Early Days Analysis
Authors: Figuerêdo José Solenir L. , Araújo-Calumby Renata F. , Calumby Rodrigo T.
Published: December 2021

This work proposes a machine learning approach to predict the prognosis of patients with COVID-19. To assist in this task, a descriptive analysis and relative risk estimation were performed. In addition, the importance of variables in the perspective of machine learning algorithms was computed and discussed. The experiments were performed with large-scale nation-wide dataset from Brazil. The results reveal that the model developed was able to predict the patient's prognosis with an AUC = 0.8382. The results also point out that the chance of death is greater among patients over 60 years old, with comorbidities, and symptoms such as dyspnea and Oxygen saturation (< 95%), confirming results observed in other regions of the world.
Extraction and enrichment of features to improve complaint text classification performance
Authors: Paiva Eduardo de , Pereira Fernando Sola
Published: December 2021

No Brasil, os cidadãos podem fazer denúncias de irregularidades na Administração Pública. A classificação dessas denúncias necessita de informações que não estão nos seus textos. O objetivo desse artigo é propor uma metodologia para a extração e enriquecimentos de informações identificadas nos textos das denúncias. Essa metodologia fornece como saída um conjunto de dados estruturados capazes de caracterizar as denúncias. Para validar a proposta, foi realizado um estudo de caso. O estudo demonstrou que a utilização dos dados estruturados possibilitou uma melhora no desempenho da classificação das denúncias.
MISLA²: A System to Information Retrieval in Labour Lawsuits using Legal Ontologies and Regular Expressions
Authors: Rodrigues Cleyton M. O. , Fernandes Bruno J. T. , Silva Leandro H. S. , Barrientos David J. , Rocha Allana L. S. , Sobral Paulo Christiano , Souza Bruno , Feitosa Dionizio , Guimarães Mabel , Barreto Juliana
Published: December 2021

Electronic Legal Proceedings are a worldwide legal phenomena, allowing the use of computerized systems for the creation and monitoring of procedural acts in the most diverse legal bodies. On one hand, it allows greater transparency in the conduct of procedural acts, on the other, it has contributed to the bottleneck of open but unresolved lawsuits each year. Nowadays, Information Retrieval to automate the processing of these procedural objects is at the forefront of computer systems for Law. In this study, we present MISLA2, a system to retrieve orders and preliminaries from judicial labour sentences through ontological models built from previous cases. Instead of tied and difficult-to-maintain domain specification models, we demonstrate how light ontologies, in conjunction with regular expressions for extracting significant portions of the text, can achieve the desired results. In addition, empirical experiments carried out with real labour lawsuits evidence that results are quite promising.
Fake News Detection about Covid-19 in the Portuguese Language
Authors: Batista Filho Anísio Pereira , Araújo Débora da Conceição , Ferreira Máverick André Dionísio , Mattos Neto Paulo Salgado Gomes de
Published: December 2021

A disseminação de notícias falsas tem sido um problema notado em diversos setores da sociedade, e vem dificultando o combate à pandemia causada pelo novo coronavírus (Sars-Cov-2). Combater desinformação sobre o Sars-Cov-2, principalmente nas redes sociais, é de fundamental importância para o controle da propagação do vírus e, consequentemente, da pandemia. Diante disso, nesse trabalho são construídos modelos de aprendizado supervisionado focados na identificação de notícias falsas sobre o novo coronavírus. Como resultados, foram construídos e avaliados 18 modelos, os quais chegaram a alcançar 0.62%, 0.82% e 0.47% de f-score para as classes consideradas (news, opinion e fake).
Previsão de Taxa de Perfuração em Poços de Petróleo Offshore Utilizando Aprendizado de Máquina
Authors: Branco André , Gomide Janaína
Published: December 2021

A taxa de perfuração (ROP) de um poço de petróleo é uma métrica muito importante de se controlar, por inﬂuenciar na produtividade do poço, no desgaste da broca e na segurança do poço e operação. Este trabalho avalia a utilização do algoritmo de ﬂoresta aleatória para previsão da ROP em poços de petróleo offshore como alternativa para modelos tradicionalmente utilizados pela indústria. Modelos de ﬂoresta aleatória foram avaliados com diferentes hiper-parâmetros para 4 poços offshore no pré-sal da Bacia de Santos. De forma geral, os modelos de ﬂoresta aleatória apresentaram resultados superiores para cada poço, mas não houve uma combinação de hiper-parâmetros ótima comum entre os poços.
Enhanced Self-Organizing Map Solution for the Traveling Salesman Problem
Authors: Dantas Joao P. A. , Costa Andre N. , Maximo Marcos R. O. A. , Yoneyama Takashi
Published: December 2021

Usando um método aprimorado de Mapa Auto-Organizável, fornecemos soluções abaixo do ideal para o Problema do Caixeiro Viajante. Além disso, empregamos o ajuste de hiperparâmetros para identificar os recursos mais críticos do algoritmo. Todas as melhorias no trabalho de benchmark trouxeram resultados consistentes e podem inspirar esforços futuros para melhorar este algoritmo e aplicá-lo a diferentes problemas.
Mapeamento Sistemático: Museu em Realidade Aumentada
Authors: Oliveira Luan M. G. de , Berretta Luciana de Oliveira , Kudo Taciana Novo
Published: December 2021

A Realidade Aumentada (RA) apresenta comportamentos altamente adaptativos e evolutivos e grande potencial no patrimônio cultural por gerar ambientes mais atraentes e imersivos nos aspectos audiovisuais. Nesse sentido, este trabalho realiza um estudo secundário na forma de Mapeamento Sistemático, que identifica e analisa estudos primários sobre propostas de Museus Virtuais desenvolvidos utilizando técnicas de RA para educação. Levantamos algumas das vantagens da utilização dessas técnicas de RA em Museus Virtuais, verificamos as principais formas de marcação utilizadas para ampliar os objetos virtuais, e percebemos que ainda são poucos os estudos que abordam Museus Virtuais com Técnicas de RA voltadas para o ensino.
Ontologia aplicada à redução de ruído em base de dados de tweets sobre mercado financeiro
Authors: Souza Wendel Marques de Jesus , Fernandes Deborah Silva Alves , Fernandes Márcio Giovane Cunha
Published: December 2021

Big data é um conceito que trata sobre a manipulação e a análise de grandes volumes de dados de variedade diversa. A rede social Twitter é uma fonte de dados com tais características, responsável por gerar milhões de tweets por dia. Os mecanismos que permitem a extração dessas postagens resultam em bases de dados heterogêneas, isto é, compostas não apenas por textos sobre o tema de interesse, mas também sobre tópicos indesejados, o que prejudica o uso dessas bases de dados à tomada de decisão. Nesse contexto, o artigo propõe o desenvolvimento de uma ontologia de domínio para a redução de ruídos em base de dados de tweets para o mercado financeiro brasileiro. A ontologia desenvolvida deve ser capaz de identificar tweets, escritos em língua portuguesa, relacionados à Bolsa de Valores do Brasil e descartar publicações da rede social que não pertencem a esse domínio (ruídos). Devido à natureza informal dos textos da rede social, foram utilizadas técnicas tradicionais de pré-processamento textual. A ontologia foi criada com o auxílio de um roteiro que une as metodologias On-to-Knowledge, Methontology e o guia Ontology Development 101. Além disso, para avaliar a performance da filtragem, foi utilizado um algoritmo de classificação simples, a Regressão Logística. A base de dados utilizada neste trabalho é composta por 1.031.419 tweets, que foram publicados entre 01 de janeiro de 2019 e 12 de junho de 2019. Os resultados demonstram que o uso de ontologia para filtragem desses ruídos é promissor, tendo em vista que obteve acurácia de 81,58%.
Proposta de Controle de Espalhamento Espectral Utilizando Aprendizado por Reforço Profundo para Otimização do Desempenho de Redes LoRa/LoRaWAN
Authors: Bezerra Carlos D. , Oliveira-Jr Antonio , Vieira Flávio H. T.
Published: December 2021

O número de dispositivos de Internet das Coisas (IoT) conectados cresce cada vez mais e tende a aumentar nos próximos anos, principalmente com a chegada das redes 5G. Isso resultará em um intenso tráfego de dados no sistema de comunicação, podendo prejudicar a qualidade de transmissão devido aos congestionamentos e perdas de pacote por colisão. O objetivo desse artigo e propor um método inteligente baseado em redes Deep Q Networks (DQN), onde o agente é treinado para aprender uma política de ações envolvendo parâmetros de modulação do protocolo LoRa, de forma que a conexão multiusuário seja otimizada. A metodologia de desenvolvimento desse artigo é por meio de simulações computacionais. Os resultados apontam para uma técnica de otimização e controle promissora.
Uma Ferramenta para Modelagem de Processos de Negócios com base em Padrões de Recomendação
Authors: Lucas Arthur Chisté , Komati Karin S. , Costa Mateus Conrad Barcellos da
Published: December 2021

A Notação de Modelagem de Processos de Negócios (BPMN) é a especificação desenvolvida pela OMG para representar processos de negócios no paradigma de modelagem imperativa. A criação de diagramas BPMN continua sendo uma atividade dependente do desempenho humano e do conhecimento do domínio da aplicação. Nesse contexto, este trabalho propõe uma ferramenta de apoio à modelagem de processos baseada no conceito de Padrão de Recomendação com o objetivo de gerar recomendações posicionais em um processo interativo integrado à atividade de modelagem. O estudo de caso mostra que cada recomendação sugerida é sensível ao estado atual do modelo. O modelo final é sintático e semanticamente correto.
Explorando o sentimento no Twitter sobre a implementação do ensino remoto no Brasil em face à COVID-19
Authors: Leite Felipe A. , SIlva Paulo Alves da , Vitório Douglas , Oliveira Marcelo Iury S.
Published: December 2021

O alto risco de contaminação do COVID-19 tem levado vários países a tomar medidas de distanciamento social e isolamento. Como resultado dessas políticas, o ensino remoto foi a alternativa escolhida por muitas escolas e instituições de ensino superior para dar continuidade às aulas e retomar os cursos. No entanto, essa digitalização induzida pelo COVID-19 levantou algumas questões sobre a aptidão do aprendizado remoto em relação às expectativas dos alunos. Este trabalho realizou um estudo de análise de sentimento em mensagens do Twitter com o objetivo de compreender o sentimento dos usuários brasileiros sobre os primeiros meses de introdução da educação remoto emergencial no Brasil durante uma pandemia de COVID-19.
Implementação de uma rede IoT LoRaWAN para integração com o núcleo 5G
Authors: P. Júnior Cláudio da Silva , Silva Rogério S. , Wanberg Samuel , Cardoso Kléber V. , Oliveira-Jr Antônio
Published: December 2021

Integração de redes IoT LoRaWAN com o sistema 5G visa maximizar as possibilidades de expansão de cobertura da conectividade das redes sem fio a fim de minimizar lacunas existentes no Brasil em decorrência da sua vasta extensão territorial que causa um baixo nível de conectividades de áreas remotas. Este trabalho apresenta uma implementação de uma rede IoT LoRaWAN utilizando o ChirpStack para integração com o núcleo 5G. São apresentados casos de uso de um ambiente simulado, ambiente real e um ambiente completo utilizando o grafana para métricas em dashboard.
Fast and Low-cost Search for Efficient Cloud Configurations for HPC Workloads
Authors: Rosario Vanderson M. do , Camacho Thais A. Silva , Napoli Otávio O. , Borin Edson
Published: December 2021

The wide variety of virtual machine types, network configurations, number of instances, among others configuration tweaks, in cloud computing, makes the finding of the best configuration a hard problem. Trying to reduce costs and resource underutilization while achieving acceptable performance can be a hard task even for specialists. Thus, many approaches to find these optimal or almost optimal configurations for a given program were proposed in the literature. Observing the performance of an application in the cloud takes time and money. Therefore, most of the approaches aim not only to find good solutions but also to reduce the search cost. One of those approaches relies on Bayesian Optimization, which analyzes fewer configurations, reducing the search cost while still finding good solutions. Another approach found in the literature is the use of a technique named Paramount Iteration, which enables users to reason about cloud configurations' cost and performance without executing the application to its completion (early-stopping) this approach reduces the cost of each observation. In this work, we show that both techniques can be used together to do fewer and lower-cost observations. We demonstrate that such an approach can recommend solutions that are 1.68x better on average than Random Searching and with a 6x cheaper search.
Person-situation navigation mechanisms at work
Authors: Leyens Theresa , Ritz Joanna , Hofmans Joeri
Published: December 2021

Rather than focusing on their dynamic interplay, research in I/O psychology has mostly focused on either person-level variables as predictors of work behaviors or the impact of situational variables on employees’ behaviors. By studying person and situation variables independently or by treating the situation as fixed, previous studies have largely failed to capture the active role employees take in affecting and managing their work situations. This raises the question of how adequately current research that focuses on either the person or the situation captures the reality of work life. To address this issue, this paper aims to provide a starting point for the integration of person-situation interactions at work into an overarching process model (i.e., Person-Situation Navigation Mechanisms Framework; Rauthmann & Sherman, 2016), and illustrates how previous research on I/O constructs can be positioned within this framework.
Dynamic sexual offense risk assessment using the VRS-SO with indeterminate sentenced men
Authors: Olver Mark E.
Published: December 2021

Indeterminate detention (ID) is a high stakes sanction reserved for exceptionally high risk-high need (HRHN) persons who are deemed to pose an undue risk to public safety. It is one of the most extreme measures that is routinely taken by justice systems to manage sexual violence risk and prevent sexual and violent recidivism. Naturally, risk assessment is most frequently employed as a mechanism to keep dangerous people in custody; but seldom is risk assessment viewed as a possible ticket out for men with an ID designation who have made substantive risk changes and whose risk can be safely managed in the community. This article features applications of a dynamic sexual violence risk assessment and treatment planning tool, the Violence Risk Scale-Sexual Offense version (VRS-SO), with ID individuals and other HRHN men, to assess risk in a dynamic manner to inform risk management efforts and release decisions. VRS-SO data on an ID sample are presented along with clinical illustrations of dynamic risk assessment. Several propositions are made with supporting data from VRS-SO normative research with treated sexual offending samples regarding the use of dynamic tools with ID men and the perils and pitfalls of relying solely on static measures. Ultimately, dynamic risk instruments can be used to track progress and monitor risk change over multiple assessments to inform release and reintegration decisions with ID persons. In this regard, dynamic assessment has the potential to help, rather than hinder, reintegration of ID sentenced persons and can inform safe, fair, and humane decisions.
Stable-2007 and indeterminate detention
Authors: Harris Andrew J. R.
Published: December 2021

Public safety is the primary reason to assess future risk in men with a history of sexual offending. Over the last twenty-five years our knowledge of, and ability to assess, dynamic risk factors in men with a history of sexual offending has meaningfully improved, but understanding, adoption, utilization, and reasonable implementation of the fruits of this new knowledge is not universal. This article presents a brief overview of the development of dynamic risk assessment for men with a history of sexual offending, primarily following the work of R. Karl Hanson and his associates. This is followed by a review of a meta-analysis on the reliability and validity of STABLE-2007 and two other independent studies that provide useful ancillary information. Utilizing STABLE-2007 with men faced with, or under sanction of indeterminate detention is the focus of this paper and we will review how mental health diagnoses affect recidivism assessment, some concerns about implicit assessment biases, how to employ stable dynamic assessment in secure facilities, address treatment implications resulting from dynamic assessment, and present ideas for future research. I will close by presenting nine (9) arguments why using STABLE-2007 is recommended practice with indeterminate detention populations.
Pontos de intersecção nas escritas de mulheres na Argentina e na Palestina: autoficção, trauma e pós-memória
Authors: Figueiredo Carolina Ferreira de , Wassmansdorf Marina Lis
Published: December 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo propor pontos de contato entre as experiências de violência e produção de memória no contexto da Argentina e da Palestina, a partir da análise de duas obras distintas, um livro autobiográfico escrito pela palestina Ibtisam Barakat e um livro de memórias produzido por um coletivo de filhos/as de repressores argentinos. Partindo de campos diversos, as fontes apresentam um potencial analítico em comum: a escrita contemporânea de mulheres, com formas narrativas e preocupações temáticas relacionáveis. Propõe-se reflexões entre as obras analisadas, considerando dois objetivos principais: de que forma a “pós-memória” pode ser uma categoria pertinente para pensar esses processos históricos, a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica do conceito que o testa em cenários marginais, e conjecturar sobre o lugar da autoficção feminina na produção do passado recente. Entendendo a pós-memória como um dispositivo crítico e tendo em vista a complexidade temporal que os casos argentino e palestino suscitam, o uso da categoria pode ser uma possibilidade analítica para o emaranhamento de memórias refletidas nesses textos, ainda que particularidades dos efeitos da violência de Estado se coloquem para cada caso.
El Vilafamés foral. De la conquesta a l'arribada dels Borbons (1233-1707)
Authors: Lorenz Andrés José Luis
Published: December 2021

L’estructura feudal que caracteritzava l’Edat Mitjana suposava una pressió impositiva tan gran per part dels senyors que sovint portava a la població a intentar integrar-se en el patrimoni reial. Prenent com a punt de partida la conquesta de Jaume I l’any 1233, l’obra analitza tots els esdeveniments que van marcar el dia a dia dels habitants de Vilafamés fins a l’any 1707, amb l’arribada dels Borbons. Aquest recorregut ens permet comprendre per primera vegada com va ser la lluita d’un poble singular, Vilafamés, que es comportava com la resta de viles i ciutats de la Corona d’Aragó.
Med videofilm som reiskap
Authors: Brænne Karen , Midtlid Sissel
Published: December 2021

Denne artikkelen handlar om erfaringar frå eit felles FOU-prosjekt der ein høgskuletilsett lærer ein kollega å dreie leire. Læringssituasjonen blir støtta med sjølvobservasjon gjennom videofilm. Målet for arbeidet er å utvikle kunnskap om potensialet i videofeedback som ein medierande reiskap i dialog mellom kollegaer, men også mellom enkeltindivid – material og analoge verkty. Korleis erfarer eit kollegapar at videofeedback (VFB) kan utvikle refleksjon over handverks­under­visning, der situasjonen er dreiing i leire? Metoden er skildra som autoetnografisk. Forskarane sine erfaringar er samla i tekstloggar, skrivne etter studie av video­filmane. Analysen er gjort etter inspirasjon frå analysemetoden meinings­fortetting (Kvale & Brinkmann, 2015), og kjem til gjennom tre faser: Gjennomlesing og temaidentifisering, frå tema til koder, og frå koder til meiningsfortetting. Artikkelen fokuserer på tre forhold der VFB ser ut til å utvikle refleksjon over hand­verks­­undervisning i dette prosjektet:Dei teknologiske moglegheitene ved VFB hjelper læraren å sjå eiga “teoretisk” plattform. Den multimodale forma ved VFB fram­kallar kinestetiske og kroppslege minner. VFB fungerer som eit vitne, ei 3. stemme som påverkar det relasjonelle i samarbeidet.
Kommunikation og læring i det håndværksmæssige læringslandskab
Authors: Illum Bent
Published: December 2021

Kommunikation er et væsentligt didaktisk perspektiv, hvad enten den er digital, verbalt, visuel, kropslig eller noget andet. Det væsentlige i kommunikationen er at vælge kommunikationsformer og kommunikative ressourcer, der muliggør, at de ønskede signaler når modtageren i en form, der er mulig for modtageren at sanse (opfatte), og signalerne skal gerne opfattes på samme måde, som har været afsenderens intention. Artiklen forsøger at afdække, hvorledes kommunikationen foregår i praksissituationer mellem mennesker i det håndværksmæssige lærings­rum? Hvorledes er kommunikationsopbygningen, tætheden og varigheden af kommunikatio­nernes enkeltdele i dette praksisfelt? Hvorledes forholder under­viserne sig i det didaktiske valg af kommunikationsform og kommunikativ ressource i forhold til undervisningens faglige indhold i værkstedsfaget. Disse forhold er alle interessante og relevante i undervisernes didaktiske overvejelser i forhold til forskellige såvel praktiske som teoretiske fagelementer i værkstedsfagene, og for elevernes eller de studerendes muligheder for at modtage de afgivne signaler. De empiriske data tager afsæt i dataindsamlinger, der er foregået i 2014-2018 i forbindelse med arbejdet med artiklerne:"Kommunikation och lärande i slöjd­verkstaden”, ”Kommunikative ressourcer i håndværksmæssig undervisning - hvordan underviserens handlinger bliver til den lærendes handlinger” samt ”Slöjdmetodiken svarta hul”. Artiklerne er udarbejdet af Joakim Andersson, Lone Brøns-Petersen. Peter Hasselskog og Bent Illum. Empirien relateres og diskuteres i forhold til kommunikationsteori og til lærings/hukommelses/pædagogisk teori.
Minnen av olika material och olika tillvägagångssätt
Authors: Samuelsson Marcus
Published: December 2021

Denna essä är en fallstudie som riktar upp­märksamheten mot en ung vuxen, Erik, och hans erfarenheter, minnen, berättelse och föremål från det som kallades för slöjd i olika material på ett fritidshem. Samtidigt är det en didaktisk studie då den i korthet också berör hur blivande lärare i slöjd tolkar barns artefakter. Eriks berättelser om föremålen som gjorts i olika tekniker och olika material med mer eller mindre stöd av vuxna ger en bild av det som kallades slöjd på fritidshemmet. Essän bidrar för det första, utifrån samtalen med Erik om hans artefakter, med insikter om hur materiella förut­sätt­ningar och didaktisk inramning påverkar både vad som görs och hur det görs. Den bidrar för det andra, utifrån samtal med blivande lärare i slöjd, också med insikter om hur vuxna riskerar att missuppfatta barns artefakter utifrån föreställningar om en sammanhållen gestaltning bortom materiella förutsättningar och didaktisk in­ram­ning.
Forskning på bredden av vetenskapsområdet
Authors: Nygren-Landgärds Christina
Published: December 2021

De flesta skolämnen har på universitetsnivån en moderdisciplin som värnar om forskningen i ämnets substansfrågor. Slöjd är ett skolämne som saknar en motsvarande moderdisciplin. Till exempel i Finland är slöjd ett eget vetenskaps­område, men placerat inom de pedagogiska vetenskaperna. Slöjd är dock ett mångfasetterat fenomen som behöver studeras i hela sin bredd för att utvecklas, inte enbart som ett skolämne. Syftet med denna artikel är att diskutera behovet av och utmaningar med forskning på bredden, d.v.s. forskning som tar fasta på både slöjdens kärna, den skapande processen och andra slöjdperspektiv. I artikeln diskuteras problematiken på ett teoretiskt allmänt plan. Den teoretiska diskussionen konkretiseras med tre utexaminerade masters reflektioner kring planeringen och genom­förandet av en masteruppsats på bredden av vetenskapsområdet, d.v.s. forsk­ning som inkluderar både en egen skapande process och pedago­gisk/didaktiska perspektiv.
Social magi i håndværksfagene
Authors: Koch Marie Debora , Ahlskog-Björkman Eva
Published: December 2021

Det overordnede mål i studiet er at få forståelse for, hvordan bæredygtighed som grundlæggende element i sloyd education kan ændre i studerendes aktive sociale og demokratiske deltagelse i det samfund de lever i. Målet er endvidere at få en for­ståelse for, hvordan den sociale dimension som en del af bæredygtig udvikling kan relateres til sloyd education. Vores forskningsspørgsmål er: Hvordan itale­sætter informanterne den sociale dimension i sloyd education, når bære­dygtighed er det grundlæggende element? Studiet er sociokulturelt og vi har valgt at udfolde den sociale dimension gennem informanternes fortællinger ud fra ler­figurer som visualiserer bæredygtighed i sloyd education. Fortællingerne analy­seres i det aktuelle studie ved brug af den transskriberede tekst fra video­optagelser. Vi gennem­førte en fem trins analyse, hvor det første trin var meningskondensering. Andet trin var bestemmelse af forskellige meninger, tredje trin udtrykte det dominerende tema, fjerde trin var at sætte de forskellige meninger sammen og se dem i lyset af undersøgelsens formål. Og endelig var det femte trin at sammen­sætte de vigtigste meninger i et selvstændigt udsagn. Vi kommer med bud på hvordan resultaterne, der peger på en overset social dimension i sloyd education, kan bidrage til at udvikle de studerendes færdigheder og kompetencer med det formål at de studerende kan deltage som aktive medborgere i det samfund de lever i.
Tendenser inom slöjdens forskningsområde
Authors: Borg Kajsa
Published: December 2021

Nordisk slöjd- och hantverkstradition är en uråldrig företeelse. Hantverks­kunnandet har traderats och utvecklats genom generationers slöjdande från stenåldern och fram till modern tid. Däremot är forskning om och i slöjd och hantverk en mycket ung företeelse som ännu inte har lyckats etablera sig som en självständig akademisk disciplin i samtliga de nordiska länderna. Syftet med denna artikel är att beskriva och analysera skillnader och likheter i hur nationella slöjdforskningsmiljöer utvecklats, från den trevande starten på 1970-talet, till nutid när ett förgrenat forskningsområde växer fram via akademiska institutio­ner. Det handlar om vilka reella möjligheter till utveckling av ett nytt veten­skaps­område som funnits och vilken riktning utvecklingen tagit. På grund av svårigheterna att med säkerhet definiera relevanta doktorsavhandlingar är det omöjligt att kvantifiera någon form av resultat. I stället får det redovisade antalet avhandlingar vara en indikation på tendenser, dels hur olika ämnesval dominerar i de nordiska länderna dels hur ämnesvalen eventuellt förändrats över tid.
Nerve Conduction Velocity in Smokers and Gutka Chewers: A Case-control Study
Authors: Kumar Bipin , Gupta Meenakshi
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Chemicals that are present in cigarette/bidi smoke and gutka have been known to cause subclinical changes in myelin sheaths of peripheral nerves. Despite the antiquity and popularity of smoking and gutka chewing, its effect has not been investigated systematically in young adults. Aim: To investigate the chronic effects of smoking and gutka chewing on Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV). Materials and Methods: The case-control study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India, from November 2018 to December 2020. A 40 male smokers (age group 20-60 years), 40 gutka chewers (age group 20-60 years) along with 40 age matched healthy male controls. The nerve conduction study was performed by using fully computerised Electromyography (EMG) and NCV machine. Sensory Nerve Conduction Velocity (SNCV) and Motor Nerve Conduction Velocity (MNCV) test of median and ulnar nerves was performed on subjects. Data was analysed by using unpaired t-test. Results: In this study of comparative analysis of total 120 subjects, [40 controls and 80 cases (40 cases of smokers and tobacco chewers each)], statistically significant changes (p-value <0.05) were found in the sensory NCV of both the nerves and motor NCV of median nerve in smokers whereas no such changes were found in motor NCV of both nerves in gutka chewers. Conclusion: It can be concluded that smoking causes more reduction in NCV than gutka chewing.
Degradation of Crude Oil by Bacteria Isolated from Various Soil Plantation at Idanre, Nigeria
Authors: Onifade I. A. , Orisadipe D. B. , Nkor N. D. , Ekundayo F. O. , Arogunjo A. O.
Published: December 2021

Degradation of crude oil by bacteria isolated from three plantations soil at Idanre, Nigeria were comparatively investigated. Soil samples collected by hand trowel at 5cm rhizosphere of Cocoa, Orange, and Teak plantations from Idanre, Ondo State. The crude oil – forcados blend was obtained from Warri, Delta State, Nigeria. Gram negative bacteria were isolated from rhizosphere soil sample using standard microbiological methods. Preparation of Biomass was done by centrifuging nutrient broth repeatedly to wash cells. Harvested cells were obtained for the degradation of crude oil. Harvested cells were inoculated with crude oil and then incubated in a shaker. Degradation of crude oil was monitored by using spectrophotometer to read the OD at 540 nm.  The bacteria isolated from rhizosphere of cocoa include: Citrobacter freundii, Yersinia pestis, Edwardsiella tarda,. Serratia marcescens. Rhizosphere of orange; Providencia stuatii while Enterobacter agglumerans, Moellerella wisconsis were isolated from rhizosphere of teak. The most effective hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria was Enterobacter agglumerans, which resulted in increase in population densities and reduction in hydrocarbon contents in the crude oil. Findings from this study shows the effectiveness of degrading hydrocarbon in liquid medium and further confirmed the potency of bacterial cells to degrade crude oil.
Red Cell Distribution Width in Correlation with Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score as a Prognostic Marker of Sepsis
Authors: Selvaraj Sethuraj
Published: December 2021

Aim: To determine the significance of red cell distribution width as prognostic marker in patients with sepsis. To assess the clinical outcome by correlating red cell distribution width with SOFA score in patient with sepsis.

Methods: This was a prospective study, which was conducted at tertiary care hospital , Pondicherry where we enrolled 71 patients above 18 years of age who had sepsis symptoms admitted in the medical ward/ICU. Patients with sepsis at admission were prospectively evaluated for correlation between RDW value, SOFA score both at admission , day 3 and day 7 with survivors and non-survivors. Besides the groups of raised and normal RDW, study population was further analyzed after categorizing into three RDW groups as follows: ≤14.2%, 14.2–15.2%, and >15.2% as well.

Results: 71 sepsis patient’s age ranged from 25 to 91 years with a mean age of 60.39 years. The male gender was predominant. The causes of sepsis were multifactorial and pneumonia was the prime cause of sepsis. 41-60 and 61-80 years were predominant age groups and equal number of major non- survivors were also belongs to this age groups (14.08% each). The RDW showed highly significant difference between survivors and non-survivors (P<0.0001). The mortality rate was highly significant in moderate and higher RDW groups (P<0.0001). While the RDW values increased, the mortality rate was also increased in the present study. There was a significant association between RDW levels and severity of sepsis that leads to mortality. Comparison of diagnostic accuracy of both RDW and SOFA at the time of admission showed that RDW had 100 % sensitivity and specificity whereas SOFA showed 100 % and 50 % sensitivity and specificity respectively.

Conclusion: By this study we could measure RDW value which is a part of an automated CBC which is a done routinely, which is cheap, easily available parameter on admission can be used as a prognostic marker in patients in sepsis.
Richardia brasiliensis Collected in Southern-Benin: Phytochemical Screening, Antimicrobial Activity and Toxicity
Authors: Chabi-Sika Kamirou , Sina Haziz , Boya Bawa , Bade Farid , Hounnou Tryphose , Badoussi Marius Eric , Adjatin Arlette , Baba-Moussa Lamine
Published: December 2021

Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the R. brasiliensis aerial part extracts collected in southern-Benin.

Methodology: The phytochemical screening was performed by a differential precipitation staining method. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts were made using conventional method with water and ethanol as solvent. The obtained extracts were used to evaluate their antimicrobial activity on Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from skin infections and ten reference strains by the solid-medium diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were determined by the liquid macro-dilution method. The cytotoxic effect of the extracts was evaluated on Artemia salina larvae obtained by hatching.

Results: The phytochemical screening showed a strong presence of tannins, flavonoids, terpenes, steroids and a medium presence of alkaloids, anthocyanins and mucilage’s. The extraction yields vary according to the solvent: water (15.5%) and ethanol (10.30%). The two extracts variously (p<0.001) inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from skin infections and four reference strains (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC29213, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853, Proteus mirabilis A24974, Escherichia coli ATCC25922). However, there is no difference (p > 0.05) in inhibition of strains growth between 24h and 48h. The largest diameter (21±0.75 mm) of inhibition with the reference strains was obtained with P. aeruginosa by action of the aqueous extract. Regarding Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from skin infections, the largest diameter of inhibition is about 19.25±2.75 mm obtained with strains isolated from ulcers. The average mics of 2.81 mg/ml and 2.08 mg/ml were obtained respectively for the aqueous and ethanolic extracts in the presence of the reference strains. The LC50 determination obtained using the regression line is 0.36 mg/ml for the aqueous extract and 1.16 mg/ml for the ethanolic extract.

Conclusion: The aqueous extract is more effective because of its action spectrum. This extract can be used for the development of a soap or ointment to fight against skin infections.
Theoretical Study of Solvent Effects on the Electronic and Thermodynamic Properties of Tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) Molecule Based on DFT
Authors: Muhammad Rabiu Nuhu , Mahraz N. M. , Gidado A. S , Musa A.
Published: December 2021

Tetrathiafulvalene () is an organosulfur compound used in the production of molecular devices such as switches, sensors, nonlinear optical devices and rectifiers. In this work, a theoretical study on the effects of solvent on TTF molecule was investigated and reported based on Density Functional Theory (DFT) as implemented in Gaussian 03 package using B3LYP/6-31++G(d,p) basis set. Different solvents were introduced as a bridge to investigate their effects on the electronic structure. The HUMO, LUMO, energy gap, global chemical index, thermodynamic properties, NLO and DOS analysis of the TTF molecule in order to determine the reactivity and stability of the molecule were obtained. The results obtained showed that the solvents have effects on the electronic and non-linear-optical properties of the molecule. The optimized bond length revealed that the molecule has strong bond in gas phase with smallest bond length of about 1.0834Å than in the rest of the solvents. It was observed that the molecule is more stable in acetonitrile with HOMO-LUMO gap and chemical hardness of 3.6373eV and 1.8187eV respectively. This indicates that the energy gap and chemical hardness of TTF molecule increases with the increase in polarity and dielectric constant of the solvents. The computed results agreed with the results in the literature. The thermodynamics and NLO properties calculation also indicated that TTF molecule has highest value of specific heat capacity (Cv), total dipole moment () and first order hyperpolarizability () in acetonitrile, while acetone has the highest value of entropy and toluene has a slightly higher value of zero point vibrational energy (ZPVE) than the rest of the solvents. The results show that careful selection of the solvents and basis sets can tune the frontier molecular orbital energy gap of the molecule and can be used for molecular device applications.
Hematological Parameters and Lipid Profile Changes in Albino Rats due to Administration of Ethanol Extract of Ipomea batatas Leaves
Authors: Enemali M. O. , Akolo J. , Haruna G. S. , Bulus J. E. , Kassah P. J. , Ejiogu I. C.
Published: December 2021

Leaves of I. batatas have been implicated in both the hematopoietic process and in the management of hyperlipidemia in man. The current study evaluated the hematopoietic potentials and the lipid profile stabilizing potential of ethanol leaf extract of I. batatas in albino rats. The study was carried out at the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of the Nasarawa State University, Keffi, between March 2019 and October 2019. The determination of the phytochemical composition of the leaves was carried out. Sixteen albino rats weighing between 100-150g were randomly distributed into 4 groups of 4 rats each. Animals in group 1 served as the control while animals in groups 2, 3, and 4 served as the test groups and were administered 200, 300 and 400g/kg body weight respectively of ethanol leaf extract of I batata for fourteen days following standard procedures. The extract contained terpenoids in high amount, flavonoids and alkaloids in moderate amounts, while glycosides, phenolic, and steroids were present in low amounts. WBC counts increased significantly across the test groups compared to the control. PLT decreased significantly (P = 0.05) in all the test groups when compared to the control group. MCV increased significantly (P = 0.05) in all the test groups when compared to the control group. MCH increased significantly (P = 0.05) in group 2 but decreased significantly in groups 3 and 4 when compared to the control group. The lipid profile parameters; triglycerides (TAG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) showed no significant changes but HDL-C decreased significantly in group 4 compared to the control. The outcome of this study revealed that the ethanol leaves extract of I. batatas may possess a hematopoietic effect but may not be effective in the management of hyperlipidemia.
Using Zeolite and Vermicompost Amendments to Improve Water Productivity of Wheat Irrigated by Low-quality Water in the Northern Nile Delta
Authors: Khalifa T. H. H. , Ramadan M. S. A. , S. M. Eid Mona
Published: December 2021

Aims: In the long run, reusing low-quality water in Egypt's agricultural sector directly or after mixing with fresh water to compensate for water supply constraints can be hazardous to plants and soil. As a result, some appropriate management must be considered. For this reason, a field experiment was implemented in winter seasons 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 at Sakha Agric. Res. Station Farm, Kafr El-Sheikh Gov., Egypt. This study aims to assess the impacts of zeolite and vermicompost as well their combinations on alleviation of low-quality water impacts on physicochemical properties of clayey soil and wheat productivity.

Study Design:  complete randomized block design with three replicates.

Results: The application of 2.40 Mg Z ha-1 was found to be the most effective on soil properties and plant growth. This treatment reduced soil EC, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, SO42-, and ESP values the most (52.90 percent, 83.21 percent, 30.43 percent, 6.04 percent, 91.82 percent, 19.83 percent, and 70.73 percent, respectively), while increasing the K+ value by 32.47 percent. It also achieved the highest increases in plant height, 1000-grain weight, grain, and straw yields (35.92%, 9.60%, 42.77%, and 25.61%, respectively) when compared to untreated soil. With 2.40 Mg VC ha-1, the greatest changes in bulk density, total porosity, and CEC (-9.23, 9.30, and 10.54 percent, respectively) were obtained. The applications of 1.80 Mg Z with 0.6 Mg VC ha-1 and 0.6 Mg Z ha-1 with 1.80 Mg VC ha-1, on the other hand, resulted in the greatest increases in soil moisture content, drainable pores (DP), and water holding pores (WHP). Furthermore, 0.6 Mg Z combined with 1.80 Mg VC ha-1 significantly increased the available N, P, and K in the soil. The addition of 2.4 tons Z/ha increased the WP and resulted in a high economically appealing wheat.

Conclusion: It could be concluded that the application of Z and VC is a new strategy for alleviating abiotic stress and improving wheat growth. Z application was more effective than VC on improving soil physicochemical properties and improving the water productivity and achieve high economical attractiveness wheat irrigated by low-quality water.