bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biomarkers in Saliva as Diagnostic Tool in Early Diagnosis of Oral Submucous Fibrosis
Authors: Mandal Yagnaseni , Jha Kunal , Jnaneswar Avinash
Published: March 2021

The potentially malignant lesions of oral cavity pose a sensitive challenge to the public health status. The risk is considerably high of malignant transformation of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) into oral cancer. The more rapidly they get diagnosed early, the better it is for public oral health. The need of the hour is to put into general practice the minimally invasive and noninvasive procedures of diagnostics for these lesions. Salivary biomarkers are recently advanced diagnostic tools fit for the requirement. With more researches and developments in technology, they are becoming a fast and with ease both patient and clinician-friendly choice and also medically appropriate. High expectations are that salivary biomarkers become sole noninvasive and exact method of diagnosing premalignant disorders such as OSMF.
Health-related quality of life of patients on antiretroviral therapy at the Federal Medical Center, Makurdi, Nigeria
Authors: Shaahu Vivian , Adebimpe Wasiu , Asuzu Michael , Belabo D , Popoola O , Uchendu O
Published: March 2021

Context: Health related quality of life (HRQL) indices could provide information about the effects of disease progression and the effectiveness of medical interventions that cannot be obtained using objective clinical measures. Aim: The aim of this study is to assess HRQL of patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) at the Federal Medical Center, Makurdi in North Central Nigeria. Settings and Design: The study was a cross-sectional survey among people living with HIV/AIDs (PLWHAs) on HAART. Methods: The 546 PLWHAs on HAART were selected using systematic sampling technique. A modification of the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey Version 2 questionnaire was used to assess respondents' HRQL in eight dimensions: Physical functioning (PF), role-physical (RP), role-emotional (RE), social functioning (SF), bodily pain (BP), vitality (VT), mental health (MH), and general health (GH). Data generated after measuring and scoring HRQL using standard methods were analyzed using the SPSS 17. Results: Good HRQL ratings included: PF (98.9%), RE (98.7%), SF (98.2%), VT (96.9%), RP (96.5%), MH (96.3%), BP (94.1%), and GH (93.4%). Predictors of good HRQL were as follows: Age <40 years (odds ratio [OR] = 4.26, confidence interval [CI] = 1.49–12.11) and being currently employed (OR = 3.20, CI = 1.08–9.49) (RP); and having a caregiver (OR = 4.94, CI = 1.33–18.27). Predictors of less likelihood of good HRQL were: Enjoying social support (OR = 0.12, CI = 0.03–0.55) (RP; MH); being without spouse/partner (OR = 0.43, CI = 0.21–0.91) (GH). Conclusions: HAART improves HRQL of HIV patients. Clinicians need to be responsive to factors related to disclosure, having a caregiver, and social support as a means of improving HRQL.
A New and Feasible Uterine Compression Suture Technique in Uterine Atony to Save Mothers from Postpartum Hemorrhage
Authors: SEL G , Arikan İİ , Harma M , Harma Mİ
Published: March 2021

Background:

Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is one of the emergency situations of obstetrics practice that constitutes of 1 to 5% of vaginal and cesarean deliveries. Uterine atony is the number one cause of PPH and is responsible for at least 75% of PPH cases. Uterine compression sutures have been regarded as an effective method in PPH cases, as well as preserving fertility by preserving the uterus.

Aims:

The main purpose of this study was to report on our results with a new uterine compression suture technique that was developed by us.

Subjects and Methods:

In this study we included all women who needed uterine compression sutures because of uterine atony while cesarean section from January 2014 to December 2018. Fifteen cases with PPH with uterine atony were reported, who were treated with our uterine compression suture technique after conservative medical and uterine massage treatment failure.

Results:

All of the cases in this study were managed successfully namely none of the patients needed a hysterectomy or reoperation because of bleeding again. One week, one month, three months later all patients were followed up. Six months later 11 patients were examined, four patients lost to follow-up, but they were reached by phone since they were outside of the city, they reported no complaints. Ultrasound examination was performed to follow up patients. Short-term follow-up revealed no complications such as pyometra, endometritis, reoperation, amenorrhea, or uterine necrosis.

Conclusions:

We described our practice with our uterine compression suture that is easy to learn and apply. All of the cases that participated in our study showed improvement to the compression sutures, so no other surgical interventions were applied. The same suture technique was applied by only one physician. This is a feasible and easy way to stop bleeding in uterine atony and in uterine preservation, especially in rural areas when help may not be available in case of complications.
Comparative Evaluation of the Cytotoxic Effects of Different Oral Antiseptics
Authors: Alpaslan Yayli NZ , Tunc S Keskin , Degirmenci B Unalan , Dikilitas A , Taspinar M
Published: March 2021

Background:

Dental plaque is a major oral health problem with severe consequences. Oral antiseptics provide important means for controlling dental plaque formation and are widely used by the public. However, some of these antiseptics have been shown to have side effects on oral tissues.

Aim:

In this study, we aimed to investigate the time and dose-dependent cytotoxic effects of various antiseptics on primary human gingival fibroblasts (HGF).

Methods:

HGF cells were obtained using primary culture techniques. The effects of various doses of 5 antiseptics containing Chlorhexidine-Gluconate (CHX), CHX with Benzydamine-Hydrochloride (Benzydamine-HCl), Povidone-Iodine (PVP-I), Benzydamine-HCl and Essential-Oil on HGFs were analyzed by using 2,3-bis (2-metoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino) carbonyl]-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide cell viability assay after 30, 60, and 180 s of exposure. Results: Cell viability analyses showed that cell death increased in an application time and dose-dependent manner. There was a statistically significant difference in the effects of each antiseptic on live-cell densities compared to the control group and each other (P < 0.001). Antiseptic containing 0.2% CHX showed the highest cytotoxicity on cells. The remaining viable cell density after administration of 0.2% CHX at a dose of 12.5% for 30 s is 35.19%. The high cytotoxic effect of 0.2% CHX was followed by 0.12% CHX with 0.15% Benzydamine-HCl, PVP-I and 0.15% Benzydamine-HCl groups. The lowest cytotoxic effect was observed for the Essential-Oil containing antiseptic solution.

Conclusions:

The results of this study show that these five antiseptic agents have variable effects on in vitro HGF proliferation. The doses and administration times of antiseptics should be controlled carefully during dental applications.
Evaluation of Facial and Palatal Alveolar Bone Thickness and Sagittal Root Position of Maxillary Anterior Teeth on Cone Beam Computerized Tomograms
Authors: Soumya P , Chappidi V , Koppolu P , Pathakota KR
Published: March 2021

Background:

Amount of bone covering the facial and palatal surface of the root and the sagittal root position are important parameters while considering an immediate implant placement.

Aims:

This study measures the distance from cement-enamel junction (CEJ) to alveolar crest and thickness of alveolar bone of maxillary anterior teeth facially and palatally at 5 different points.

Materials and Methods:

CBCT scans of 79 systemically healthy patients were evaluated by two calibrated and independent examiners. Measurements like: 1) distance from CEJ to Crest. 2) Thickness of facial and palatal alveolar bone at five different points a) Crest, b) 2 mm from the crest, c) mid root level, d) apical 3rd, e) apex. 3) Sagittal root position. 4) Labiopalatal distance at the apex. 5) Length of the bone from apex to the nasal floor for incisors. 6) Presence of fenestrations and dehiscences were assessed.

Results:

Healthy maxillary anteriors were evaluated and less than 2 mm bone was seen at all five points, 0.5 to 1 mm bone is seen in all anteriors at crest, 2 mm from crest, midroot, apical 3rd level. 1 to 2 mm is seen at apex. Labiopalatal width at apex ranged from 3 mm to 13 mm with a mean of 7.45 ± 2.24 mm for centrals, 7.69 ± 2.14 mm for lateral incisors, and 6.76 ± 2.42 mm for canines.

Conclusion:

The present study supports the finding of very thin facial bone over maxillary anteriors and frequent occurrence of fenestrations and dehiscences. Pre-treatment evaluation of alveolar bone surrounding the maxillary anteriors is important to avoid complications during implant placement.
Thumb Radial Abduction Angle and its Association with Handgrip Strength, Dexterity and Carpel Tunnel Syndrome Susceptibility among Saudi Dental Students
Authors: Wahhas WA , Ramadhan ZH , Ain TS , Togoo RA
Published: March 2021

Background:

Dental professionals are prone to carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and other nerve-related disorders as they perform repetitive wrist work with static physical position for long hours.

Objectives:

To evaluate the relationship of thumb radial abduction angle with handgrip strength, hand dexterity, and CTS susceptibility among Saudi senior dental students and interns. The study also intends to compare thumb radial abduction angle based on the gender.

Methods:

A convenient sample of 100 Saudi dental students and interns participated in the study. Their handgrip strength, dexterity, and thumb radial abduction angle were measured by the use of Jamar dynamometer, nine-hole peg test, and goniometer, respectively. Questionnaires were distributed among the participants to assess CTS susceptibility and its association with thumb radial abduction angle. Regression analysis, Pearson's correlation, and independent t-test were performed to analyze the data.

Results:

A significant correlation between thumb radial abduction angle and handgrip strength was observed. An association of handgrip strength with CTS susceptibility was also found. No significant relationships were drawn considering hand dexterity. Handgrip strength and dexterity were found to be higher in males when compared to females, however, females were observed to be more susceptible to CTS.

Conclusion:

The study concludes a significant association between thumb radial abduction angle and handgrip strength that is further related with CTS. The results of the study can be used as a foundation for several academicians' research in this domain.
An Unusual Presentation of Choriocarcinoma Co-Existing with Pregnancy, Successful Delivery, and Treatment
Authors: Igbodike EP , Adepiti CA , Ajenifuja KO , Onwudiegwu UU , Adejuyigbe GB , Mogaji IK
Published: March 2021

Choricarcinoma co-existing with pregnancy is rare often misdiagnosed with great potential for hemorrhagic complications and death. We present a case of a 34-year-old woman diagnosed with choriocarcinoma in her 3rd pregnancy with vaginal and pulmonary metastasis. Her first episode of vaginal bleeding was in the third trimester which was misdiagnosed. She had spontaneous vaginal delivery at 34 weeks of a healthy neonate. She was refered to gyneoncology unit of our hospital 5 weeks into puerperium from a nearby State hospital due to continouos vaginal bleeding and a growth from the postero-lateral wall of the lower third of the vagina. She had five courses of EMA-CO regimen. Her beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) has fallen from pretreatment value of 168,266 mIU/ml to <5 mIU/ml by the 5th course and the metastaic lesion regressed. She however developed WHO Stage III Oral Mucositis (with Oroesophageal Candidiasis) due to the side effects of chemotherapy which was co-managed successfully with the oral medicine specialist. She was subequently discharged home with follow-up visits. The quantitative beta-hCG has remained undetectable during her follow-up visits. Choriocarcinoma co-existing with pregnancy is rare, diagnosis often missed and confused with antepartum hemorrhage. Early and correct diagnosis can be life saving. High index of suspicion is needed to make the diagnosis. The role of chemotherapy and close follow-up with quantitative beta-hCG assays are key to survival.
Surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with advanced liver fibrosis
Authors: Sangiovanni Angelo , Colombo Massimo
Published: March 2021

Surveillance is the only pragmatic approach to improve treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) owing to the fact that it allows detection of the tumor at an early and better curable stage. International liver societies recommend surveillance with biannual abdominal ultrasound (US) for patients with cirrhosis of any etiology because of their high risk of developing HCC. This strategy is considered cost-effective, as surveillance requires an articulated and costly set of interventions, including linkage to care of patients with an early detected tumor. However, as transition to HCC is increasingly being observed in noncirrhotic patients, the majority of which does not reach the threshold of cost effectiveness for screening. The European and Japanese liver societies elected to confine recommendations for HCC screening to noncirrhotic patients with advanced fibrosis due to hepatitis C or hepatitis B only. These latter recommendations, however, are challenged by the increasing number of patients with viral hepatitis in whom HCC risk has been attenuated but not eradicated by successful antiviral therapy. In this set of patients, entry criteria of surveillance need to be refined in the light of the suboptimal diagnostic accuracy of non invasive tests that are employed to identify the ideal candidates for surveillance.
النمذجة لمادة حرارية-مرنة متدرجة الخواص بقانون القوى الاسي في الانتقال الحراري وتحليل الاجهاد الحراري بواسطة طريقة أدوميان التحليلية
Authors: ايمان ع.ن.اللهيبي ايمان ع.ن.اللهيبي
Published: March 2021

هذا العمل يهتم ببناء علاقة تكرارية للحلول العددية لمادة حرارية - مرنة أحادية الأبعاد في سياق نظرية مرونة الحرارة المعممة ذات زمن استرخائي واحد. تم افتراض خصائص متغيرة للمادة بشكل متدرج استنادًا إلى نموذج طاقة ومعلمة التصميم البلوري لها. وقد طُبقت طريقة وتقنيات أدوميان لاشتقاق المعادلات التفاضلية الحاكمة. تم حساب الحلول الرقمية والنتائج باستخدام أسلوب التكراري مع تطبيق نوع معين من الخوارزمية. وقد تم تمثيل النتائج العددية في رسومات بيانية. تؤكد النتائج العددية أن نهج أدوميان هو طريقة تكرارية ناجحة لحل ونمذجة التطبيقات الحرارية. بارامترات التصميم البلوري وتدرج الخواص لهم تأثيرات كبيرة على زيادة درجة الحرارة، والإجهاد، والإجهاد، وتوزيع النزوح، وتلعب أدوارا حيوية في نقل الموجات الحرارية الميكانيكية من خلال المواد الحرارية.
الحيّات السامة وعضات الحيات في منطقة جازان- المملكة العربية السعودية
Authors: سالم محفوظ بسيس سالم محفوظ بسيس
Published: March 2021

تم دراسة أنواع الأفاعي والثعابين السامة وجمع إحصائيات حالات الإصابة بعضات الحيّات في منطقة جازان خلال الفترة ما بين 2015 – 2017م من بعض مستشفيات المنطقة. أظهرت النتائج وجود 7 أنواع من الحيات السامة في منطقة جازان وهي الأسود الخبيث Atractaspis andersonii ، والكوبرا العربية Naja arabica ، والأفعى النافخة Bitis arietans ، ونوعين من الأفاعى المقرنة هما Cerastes cerastes و Cerastes gasperettii ونوعين من أفاعي السجاد هما Echis borkini و Echis coloratus . كما أظهرت تسجيل 1265 حالات إصابة بعضات الحيات خلال فترة الدراسة وأن الفئة العمرية ما بين 26 – 45 هي أكثر فئة تعرضت للإصابة وأن نسبة الإصابة عند الذكور كانت أعلى مما عليه عند الإناث بنسبة 3.2 : 1 .
AMAZON PEATLANDS IN PERIL: A WARNING FOR GLOBAL WARMING
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Dias Rosa Maria , Tófoli Raffael Marcos ,   Instituto Federal Catarinense, Lopes Taise Miranda , Alves Gustavo Henrique Zaia
Published: March 2021

The Amazon rainforest has been the target of several attacks, such as the massive increase in deforestation and fire outbreaks. The Amazon biome is not only composed of forest ecosystems, but also of an important carbon stock system called Peatland, which contains ca. 1 to 8 billion tons of carbon in its plants and soil. If burned, this peculiar ecosystem is likely to release tons of greenhouse gases, which may aggravate global warming. Therefore, our objective is to alert and anticipate problems associated with deforestation and fires in Peatland that, if not contained, may difficult global warming controlling, and the achievement of goals set in the Paris Agreement (which Brazil is a signatory).
COMPARISON OF DIURNAL BIRDS OF PREY COMMUNITY BETWEEN NATURAL AND ANTHROPIZED ENVIRONMENTS IN HIGHLAND GRASSLANDS OF RIO GRANDE DO SUL, BRAZIL
Authors:   Universidade Estadual do Rio Grande do Sul, Kilpp Jonas Claudiomar , Sander Martin , Pizzol Gabriela Elisa Dal , Costa Erli Schneider ,   Projeto Coronatus,   Universidade de Passo Fundo
Published: March 2021

The highland grasslands, characteristic of the mountain region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, have been used historically for several commercial purposes, including extensive livestock, forestry, and agriculture. The biodiversity has a high endemism, but there is a lack of studies on various animal and plant groups. Birds of prey are a great group to assess environmental quality, as they are top predators. This study aimed to test if the diurnal birds of prey community is changing due to the replacement of native grasslands by other human economic activities. We surveyed birds of prey at 12 sampling points from August 2018 to June 2019, including protected grasslands and livestock grasslands, agricultural, and forestry areas. We obtained 1,582 records of birds of prey of 17 species, and the highest richness and number of records, were obtained in the protected grasslands (17 spp.; 393 records) and livestock grasslands (15 spp.; 434 records), followed by agriculture (13 spp.; 418 records) and forestry areas (9 spp.; 337 records). There was a significant difference in the richness of birds of prey in the protected grasslands, livestock grasslands and agriculture areas over the forestry areas. In the number of records, there was a significant difference between livestock grasslands and agriculture areas over forestry areas. This study showed that the conversion of native grassland areas, mainly by forestry, affects the composition of the diurnal birds of prey community, especially the rarest and most endangered species.
FIRST CONFIRMED RECORD OF THE VENOMOUS CORAL SNAKE MICRURUS IBIBOBOCA (SERPENTES, ELAPIDAE) IN MINAS GERAIS, BRAZIL
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Nascimento Maria Clara do , Souza Alexander Zaidan de , Oliveira Anderson , Costa Henrique ,   Fundação Biodiversitas,   Universidade Federal de Viçosa,   Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora
Published: March 2021

We report for the first time the occurrence of the venomous snake species Micrurus ibiboboca in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, based on a specimen collected in an Atlantic Forest area. This is the sixth record of a venomous coral snake in Minas Gerais and increases to 160 the number of known snake species in the state.
The Pathology of Lymphocytes, Histiocytes, and Immune Mechanisms in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Granulomas
Authors: Wadee Reubina , Wadee Ahmed A.
Published: March 2021

Granuloma formation is the pathologic hallmark of tuberculosis (TB). Few studies have detailed the exact production of cytokines in human granulomatous inflammation and little is known about accessory molecule expressions in tuberculous granulomas. We aimed to identify some of the components of the immune response in granulomas in HIV-positive and -negative lymph nodes. We investigated the immunohistochemical profiles of CD4+, CD8+, CD68+, Th-17, Forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) cells, accessory molecule expression (human leukocyte antigen [HLA] classes I and II), and selected cytokines (interleukins 2, 4, and 6 and interferon-γ) of various cells, in granulomas within lymph nodes from 10 HIV-negative (−) and 10 HIV-positive (+) cases. CD4+ lymphocyte numbers were retained in HIV− granulomas, whereas CD4+:CD8 + cell were reversed in HIV+ TB granulomas. CD68 stained all histiocytes. Granulomas from the HIV+ group demonstrated a significant increase in FOXP3 cells. Interleukin-2 cytoplasmic expression was similar in both groups. Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) expression was moderately increased, IL-6 was statistically increased and IL-4 expression was marginally lower in cells from HIV− than HIV+ TB granulomas. Greater numbers of cells expressed IFN-γ and IL-6 than IL-2 and IL-4 in HIV− TB granulomas. This study highlights the varied cytokine production in HIV-positive and -negative TB granulomas and indicates the need to identify localized tissue factors that play a role in mounting an adequate immune response required to halt infection. Although TB mono-infection causes variation in cell marker expression and cytokines in granulomas, alterations in TB and HIV coinfection are greater, pointing toward evolution of microorganism synergism.
Earthquake dynamic induced by the magma up flow with fractional power law and fractional-order friction.
Authors: Fogang Christian , Pelap Francois , Tanekou Guy Bertrand , Kengne Romanic , Kagho Laurent , Fozin Fozing Theophile , Mbendjo Roméo Blaise , Koumetio Fidèle
Published: March 2021

In this work, we examine the dynamical behaviour of the “single mass-springs” model for earthquake subjected to the strength due to the up flow of magma for the period of volcanism, considering the fractional viscous damping force, the fractional weakening friction and fractional power law of elastic force. The numerical simulation method used in this paper is that of Grünwald-Letnikov based on the generalization of the classical derivative, and the approximately analytical solution obtained by the harmonic balance method. The results have shown that the fractional-order derivative can affect the dynamical properties of fault rock, which is characterized by the equivalent damping coefficient and the equivalent stiffness coefficient. Moreover, the amplitude-frequency equation for the steady-state solution was established. It appears that the resonant amplitude and resonant frequency are strongly dependent on the fractional-order damping r, fractional-order friction q, the fractional deflection 𝛼, the nonlinear stiffness coefficient and the fractional viscous coefficient. We have also shown that, the recurrence time of an event, the duration time of an event and the slip size of an earthquake can be controlled by the fractional-order derivative, the fractional-order deflection and the magnitude of the magma strength. The model allowed us to better interpret the earthquake as a stick-slip motion.
Total Electron Content (TEC) estimation over Pakistan from local GPS network using spherical harmonics
Authors: Mehmood Maria , Saleem Sajid , Filjar Renato , Naqvi Najam , Ahmed Arslan
Published: March 2021

Many organizations allow GNSS users to access Global Ionosphere Maps (GIMS). However, the TEC estimates derived from GIMs are of insufficient quality to describe small-scale TEC variations over Pakistan. In this paper, the first local TEC map over Pakistan for the year 2019, derived from a regional GPS network, is presented. Spherical harmonics expansion is employed to estimate TEC with the spatial resolution of latitude 0.2° x longitude 0.2° and temporal resolution of 5 minutes. The impact of changing the degree/order of harmonics is assessed and it is determined that harmonic expansion up to 6 degrees is sufficient for estimating accurate TEC map for the region of interest. We have demonstrated that the TEC maps of Pakistan generated by local model conform better to the GIM by Center of Orbit Determination (CODE) (RMS = 5.83) as compared to International Reference Ionosphere (IRI-2016) (RMS = 7.18). We found that the TEC estimated by the local model shows a better correlation to measured TEC; CODE-GIM overestimated TEC, while IRI-2016 underestimates it. Moreover, it was observed that TEC peaks during noon (1100-0100 LT) and Equinox (April). The residuals of local TEC estimates with respect to TEC obtained from CODE- GIM indicate the inaccuracy of CODE-GIM over the region of Pakistan: highest deviation of TEC from local model with respect to CODE –GIM was observed in April (RMS = 8.73) and minimum in October (RMS = 2.78). We have also analyzed the performance of our maps in geomagnetically disturbed days. The research presented in this paper will contribute towards the ionosphere study over Pakistan, where limited research is available currently.
A relationship between temperature, oxygen dissolved in blood and viral infections
Authors: Camuffo Dario
Published: March 2021

An investigation is made on the environmental factors that may determine the seasonal cycle of respiratory affections. The driving role of temperature is examined, for its inverse synergism with the dissolution of oxygen in human plasma. Two best-fit equations are discussed to interpolate the experimental data about the oxygen solubility and the saturation levels reached at various temperatures, referring to the value of the basic alveolar temperature. A vulnerable condition is when the airways temperature is lowered, e.g. breathing cold air, or increasing the breathing frequency. In winter, the upper airways reach lower temperatures and greater oxygen concentrations; the opposite occurs in summer. As low temperatures increase the dissolution of oxygen in plasma, and blood oxidation favours viral activity, an explanation is given to the seasonality of infections affecting the respiratory system.
The new Italian seismic hazard model (MPS19)
Authors: Meletti Carlo , Marzocchi Warner , D'Amico Vera , Lanzano Giovanni , Luzi Lucia , Martinelli Francesco , Pace Bruno , Rovida Andrea , Taroni Matteo , Visini Francesco , Group MPS Working
Published: March 2021

We describe the main structure and outcomes of the new probabilistic seismic hazard model for Italy, MPS19 [Modello di Pericolosità Sismica, 2019]. Besides to outline the probabilistic framework adopted, the multitude of new data that have been made available after the preparation of the previous MPS04, and the set of earthquake rate and ground motion models used, we give particular emphasis to the main novelties of the modeling and the MPS19 outcomes. Specifically, we (i) introduce a novel approach to estimate and to visualize the epistemic uncertainty over the whole country; (ii) assign weights to each model components (earthquake rate and ground motion models) according to a quantitative testing phase and structured experts’ elicitation sessions; (iii) test (retrospectively) the MPS19 outcomes with the horizontal peak ground acceleration observed in the last decades, and the macroseismic intensities of the last centuries; (iv) introduce a pioneering approach to build MPS19_cluster, which accounts for the effect of earthquakes that have been removed by declustering. Finally, to make the interpretation of MPS19 outcomes easier for a wide range of possible stakeholders, we represent the final result also in terms of probability to exceed 0.15 g in 50 years.
Magnetic signatures of subsurface faults on the northern upper flank of Mt Etna (Italy)
Authors: Napoli Rosalba , Currenti Gilda , Sicali Antonino
Published: March 2021

A ground magnetic study was performed on the northern upper flank of Mt. Etna to provide new insights into subsurface volcano-tectonic structures. The high resolution magnetic survey was focused on the main structures of Piano delle Concazze, a large flat area dominated by the North- East crater and bounded by the rim of the Valle del Leone depression and the extremity of the North- East Rift. More than 2,500 measurements were gathered with a sampling step of about 3 m covering an area of about 0.2 km2. The total-intensity anomaly field shows the presence of intense South- North aligned maxima related to shallow geological structures affecting this area. Filtering techniques and 2.5D modeling have been applied for the determination of the magnetic source parameters. In order to distinguish the near surface structure, filters of the vertical derivatives, Butterworth high-pass and the tilt derivative were used. The 3D Euler deconvolution has been applied to estimate the depth and the structural indices of the causative sources. The calculated structural indices, that express the geometrical nature of the source, are in agreement with forward modeling. They show that the area is mainly affected by subvertical normal fault and the estimated depth of magnetic sources ranges between 10 m and 40 m. Our total field magnetic survey shows that characteristic magnetic anomalies are related to fault zones in the Piano delle Concazze that are well consistent with the local tectonics. The subsurface structures that have been detected allowed to delineate the general structural framework of the area. In particular, it was possible to clarify that these structures seem to be not deep rooted and consequently they can hardly act as preferential pathways for magma ascent.
TRATAMENTO ENDODÔNTICO EM DENS IN DENTE: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors:   UNINGÁ - Centro Universitário Ingá, Hidalgo Karina Soares , Tateyama Melissa Ayumi ,   Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Endo Marcos Sérgio ,   UNINGÁ - Centro Universitário Ingá
Published: March 2021

Dens in dente é uma anormalidade descrita como o dobramento do órgão do esmalte na papila dentária durante o estágio de formação. Acomete principalmente os incisivos laterais superiores, sendo sua frequência de ocorrência de 0,04% a 10%. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar as diferentes intervenções clínicas descritas na literatura com foco na necessidade de tratamento endodôntico em casos de dens in dente. Foi realizada uma busca nas bases de dados PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde (BVS) e Google Acadêmico utilizando as palavras-chave: “dens in dente”, “dens invaginatus”, “dental malformation”, “endodontic treatment”, “root canal treatment”, “endodontic therapy”, “endodontics” combinadas com os operadores booleanos “AND” e “OR”. O tratamento do dens in dente inclui o selamento de esmalte, tratamento endodôntico, tratamento cirúrgico combinado, reimplante intencional e extração. A escolha do tratamento depende de sua classificação, que pode ser dividido em tipo I, II ou III. O uso da tomografia tem sido indicado para diagnóstico e planejamento. A limpeza e a modelagem nesses casos se mostram de difícil complexidade. O uso de insertos ultrassônicos podem ser utilizados para potencializar os efeitos da substância química auxiliar na limpeza do canal. A técnica de obturação termoplastificada se mostra satisfatória por proporcionar um melhor preenchimento na obturação do canal radicular. Conclui-se que para a abordagem dos casos de Dens in dente, o profissional necessita ter conhecimento sobre diagnóstico, anatomia interna, interpretação radiográfica e tomográfica, e conhecer as possibilidades de intervenção clínica de acordo com a sua classificação.
PERFIL SOCIODEMOGRÁFICO E DE SAÚDE DE DIABÉTICOS ATENDIDOS EM CONSULTA DE ENFERMAGEM EM AMBULATÓRIO DE HOSPITAL UNIVERSITÁRIO
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Seki Eliana Sayuri , Tanaka Ana Karina Silva da Rocha ,   Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Machado Maria Luiza Paz ,   Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, de Araújo Renatta Rossatto ,   Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Breitsameter Guilherme
Published: March 2021

As doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT), em especial o Diabetes Mellitus (DM), são um grave problema de saúde pública, sendo a consulta de enfermagem (CE) um instrumento utilizado no controle da doença e seus agravos. Estudo baseado em experiências de CE a pacientes portadores de DM em ambulatório de estabelecimento de saúde de nível terciário, hospital universitário geral de capital do sul do Brasil. O conhecimento da situação social, econômica e de saúde dos pacientes atendidos é uma forma de auxiliar o enfermeiro na obtenção de melhor resposta as combinações e orientações melhorando o controle da doença e incrementando a qualidade de vida do paciente. Teve como objetivo caracterizar o perfil sociodemográfico e de saúde de pacientes diabéticos atendidos em consulta de enfermagem em ambulatório de hospital universitário. Estudo de caráter quantitativo, delineamento transversal. A amostra do estudo foi composta por pacientes adultos, diabéticos, com primeira CE na agenda Enfermagem Adulto Diabético entre 2016 e 2017. A análise dos dados mostrou o predomínio do sexo feminino, brancos, casados, naturais do interior do estado, residentes na capital e região, baixa escolaridade e com grande número de faltas às consultas. Na saúde, observou-se: comorbidades, níveis glicêmicos e de hemoglobina glicada fora das metas terapêuticas. Conclui-se que o desafio em auxiliar no tratamento de diabéticos é complexo pela duração da doença, comorbidades e limitações pelas manifestações das patologias. Condição sociodemográfica influencia a compreensão do estado de saúde e doença, na adoção das mudanças de estilo de vida e terapêuticas.
CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS AND CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT OF RETICULAR AND EROSIVE ORAL LICHEN PLANUS: CLINICAL CASE REPORT
Authors:   Universidade Paranaense, Degasperi Jeniffer , Guerra Letícia de Freitas Cuba ,   SPASSODONTO
Published: March 2021

O líquen plano oral é uma patologia autoimune com predileção entre a quarta e a sexta décadas de vida, por indivíduos do sexo feminino e leucodermas. A patogênese do mesmo é incerta, pode estar relacionada com hepatopatias crônicas, estresse, distúrbios hormonais, etc. Suas principais formas de apresentação são: reticular e erosivo. O objetivo desse artigo é relatar o caso de um paciente com líquen plano reticular e erosivo em cavidade oral cuja história e aspectos clínicos foram determinantespara o diagnóstico e tratamento. Trata-se de um relato de caso de um indivíduo masculino, 60 anos, leucoderma, procurou atendimento referindo queimação na bochecha e gengiva ao beber vinho e usar vinagre, já havia passado por diversos profissionais e múltiplos tratamentos sem diagnóstico ou melhora dos sintomas. Na história médica relatou hepatopatia e plaquetopenia crônica. Ao exame físico, notou-se mucosa jugal atrófica, com áreas de ulceração e erosão bilateral, com presença de estrias brancas de aspecto reticular, placas esbranquiçadas no dorso lingual e áreas estriadas em crosta em mucosa labial superior. Diante do quadro clínico foi prescrito propionato de clobetasol 0,05% e solicitados exames complementares (hemograma, glicemia, VSG, ácido fólico, B12, ferro sérico, TSH e anti-HCV). Após 14 dias, observou-se remissão completa das lesões e da sintomatologia dolorosa, não foram observadas alterações dignas de nota nos exames complementares. Assim, o paciente, seguirá em acompanhamento periódico e mediante a recidivas retomará a corticoterapia, e, diante da ocorrência de novos achados clínicos anormais, a biópsia incisional será indicada
FRACTURES IN MOTORCYCLE ACCIDENTS
Authors:   UNINGÁ - Centro Universitário Ingá, Barboza Junior Reinaldo da Silva , Golias Andrey Rogério Campos ,   UNINGÁ - Centro Universitário Ingá
Published: March 2021

As lesões e os traumas advindos dos acidentes de moto continuam provocando um importante impacto econômico e social. Por isso, o objetivo do estudo foi estimar a prevalência de fraturas advindas de acidentes de trânsito, com o envolvimento de motocicletas, ocorridos em Maringá, terceira maior cidade do Paraná, no ano de 2018, segundo a avaliação dos socorristas do Serviço Integrado de Atendimento ao Trauma em Emergência (SIATE). Tratou-se de um estudo descritivo exploratório de caráter quantitativo, que utilizou o sítio eletrônico do Corpo de Bombeiros do Paraná, sendo que foram coletados dados sobre o número e o tipo de acidentes, números de vítimas, gênero, idade e gravidade da lesão. O total de acidentes com moto foi de 2312 (67,4% do total), com 2758 vítimas. Destas, 453 sofreram fraturas (16,4%), sendo a maioria homens (72,8%). As fraturas ocorreram mais em Membros Inferiores (MMII) (43,5%) e Membros Superiores (MMSS) (40,0%). Assim, faz-se necessário a implantação de ações e políticas voltadas à prevenção de acidentes dessa natureza, especialmente equipamentos de proteção individual para diminuir a gravidade das fraturas em membros e na coluna vertebral.
Efeitos da atividade física sobre a doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Gonçalves Anna Patricia Fernandes , Couto Victor Fernando
Published: March 2021

Introdução: Pacientes com Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica (DPOC) apresentam aumento da secreção de muco nas vias aéreas e hipertrofia das células produtoras de muco, levando à obstrução das vias aéreas, aumento da resistência das vias aéreas, limitação ao fluxo aéreo, aprisionamento aéreo e aumento do volume residual, diminuindo a eficiência do diafragma e reduzindo a capacidade para o exercício. Objetivo: O presente estudo tem por objetivo apresentar os benefícios de diferentes tipos de treinamento físico para pacientes com DPOC, através de uma revisão bibliográfica. Métodos e resultados: Para atingir este objetivo, este estudo utilizou trinta de nove artigos e dois livros. As pesquisas foram realizadas na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) com as bases de dados SciELO, PUBMED, e LILACS. As palavras-chaves utilizadas para estas pesquisas, foram: DPOC, Manifestações Sistêmicas, Exacerbações, Fisioterapia, Treinamento Físico Aeróbico e Resistido. Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos publicados a partir do ano de 2006 e com o tema pesquisado, os de exclusão foram artigos publicados com período igual e/ou superior a quinze anos. Os artigos escolhidos foram na língua portuguesa e inglesa. Conclusão: Dessa forma respeitando os princípios do treinamento é possível realizar um condicionamento físico e cardiorrespiratório para os pacientes com DPOC através do treinamento físico resistido e aeróbico.
The Era of Interbellum: reasons for the passiveness of the UK foreign policy
Authors: Kushkhov B.H.
Published: March 2021

Целью исследования является изучение прямой связи между внутриполити-
ческими процессами в Великобритании и ее внешнеполитической концепцией, которая во
многом привела к разрушению существовавшей в международных отношениях системы и
эскалации захватнических авантюр нацистской Германии. В числе использованных мате-
риалов – мемуары и заметки как видных британских политических деятелей – «Вторая
Мировая война» У. Черчилля, – так и советских дипломатов, работавших в Великобрита-
нии. Помимо этого, в исследовании задействованы данные из британских и российских
внешнеполитических и военных архивов, работы военных историков, социологов и по-
литологов из России и США. В результате было установлено прямое влияние политиче-
ских, экономических и социальных процессов в Великобритании на специфику ее внешней
политики данного периода.

The article is concerned with the specifi c features of the interbellum international
relations, offering a comprehensive study of the topic through the analysis of the interior situation
in the United Kingdom, (the state which had been considered as one of the champions of the
international relations system of Versailles), and its impact on these exact specifi c features. The
genesis of the Second World War is, by defi nition, an important topic in the fi eld of international
relations: being «multidimensionally» studied, it can present the understanding of global confl ict’s
origin, the knowledge about events and processes that cause them. The aim of this study is the
establishment of direct connection between the interior social, economic and political agenda of the
UK in that era and its concept of foreign policy that , to some defi nite extend, lead to the demolition
of the international relations system of that time and gave birth to the aggression of nazi Germany
in Europe. The memories and historical notes of the British interbellum political establishment and
soviet diplomats, the materials extracted from military and foreign affairs archives of the UK and the
USSR, comprehensive studies of Russian and American historians, sociologists and economists
have been used as a scientifi c material for this research.
Male Spouses of Women Physicians: Communication, Compromise, and Carving Out Time
Authors: Issac Carol , Petrashek Kara , Steiner Megan , Manwell Linda , Carnes Molly , Byars-Winston Angela
Published: March 2021

As the numbers of female physicians continue to grow, fewer medical marriages are comprised of the traditional dyad of male physician and stay - at - home wife. The “two - career family” is an increasingly frequent state for both male and female physicians’ families, and dual - doctor marriages are on the rise. This qualitative study explored the contemporary medical marriage from the perspective of male spouses of female physicians. In 2010, we conducted semi - structured, in - depth interviews with nine spouses of internal medicine resident and faculty physicians. Interviewers queried work - home balance, career choices, and support networks. We used an interpretive, inductive, iterative approach to thematically analyze interview transcripts and develop broad, consensus - derived themes. A conceptual framework based on three major themes emerged: “A time for us? Really?”, “Supporting and protecting her, sometimes at my expense,’” and “Hers is a career, mine is a job.” This framework described the inflexibility of physicians’ time and its impact on spousal time, career development, and choices. Having a set time for synchronizing schedules, frequent verbal support, and shared decision - making were seen a s important by the husbands of female, full - time physicians. This exploratory study examined the contemporary medical marriage from the male spouse’s perspective and highlights specific strategies for success. Keywords: Academic Medicine, Gender, Career, Qualitative Research, Work - Life Balance, Medical Marriage
Exploring Education Students’ Reflexivity through the Arts and Sharing My “Bricolage” Dilemmas
Authors: Richards Janet
Published: March 2021

As part of course requirements, 16 education students in a master’s cohort tutored groups of elementary children (the same groups throughout the semester) in an after - school writing program that emphasized an ethos of care. The education students had never taught children and consequently had difficulties reflecting about their lessons through weekly e - mail communication. As the course instructor I had a hunch innovative artistic processes might unleash and heighten the education students’ abilities as reflective practitioners . Therefore, I asked them to explore their pedagogy through the arts. Concurrently, I engaged in arts - based educational research (ABER) to ascertain in what ways arts constructions might prompt the education students’ motivation and abilities to thoughtfully consider their work. Using constant comparative methods and a “bricolage” approach, I discovered arts - based techniques, particularly poetry, fostered and illuminated their introspections. The education students also had distinct preferences among the three modes of reflective inquiry I requested they employ (e - mail communication, self - portraits with dialogue, and poetry). As suggested by respected ABER scholars, I monitored and documented my dilemmas throughout the inquiry process in an attempt to achieve verisimilitude and to inform new arts - based researchers. I share these dilemmas and oversights, and discuss puzzling, unanswered questions in this paper.
Teacher Educators Using Encounter Stories
Authors: Davis Danné , Kellinger Janna
Published: March 2021

Many prospective teachers are unaware of the encounters that Black, heterosexual women or White lesbians face. Here, we present encounter stories—individual narratives of poignant encounters and interactions that we have experienced with people unlike us—to identify with and ultimately draw on their experiences. Subsequently, the narratives become data that not only inform our work as teacher educators and scholars but also are used to shape prospective teachers’ understanding of inimitable difference. Despite the heralded affirming visibility of Michelle Obama and Ellen Degeneres, oppressive practices and perspectives against Black women and lesbians continue. Our encounter stories are put forward as qualitative data that goes against the grain and empowers. Further, our narratives challenge the conventional linear written format by intersecting our authentic voices with extant theory. Given the growing diversity in K-12 education, it is crucial that prospective teachers gain meaningful insight of unique, real life experiences, examine those experiences against their own familiarities to recognize sameness amid difference. Subsequently, this recognition will help to situate prospective teachers to meet the curricular and social needs of all schoolchildren.
Proximity to Power: The Challenges and Strategies of Interviewing Elites in Higher Education Research
Authors: McClure Kevin , McNaughtan Jon
Published: March 2021

Presidents, provosts, deans, and other upper-level administrators in higher education fit common definitions of “elites” in the context of qualitative research. Scholarship on methods specific to the field of higher education has not identified or described the unique challenges of interviewing these and other elites. The purpose of this paper is to examine challenges and share strategies for elite interviewing, with specific application to qualitative research in the field of higher education. We provide three examples of empirical studies involving elite interviewing and, using literature from other fields, highlight challenges and strategies. By anticipating challenges and implementing these strategies, researchers can enhance the data collection experience and quality of data.
INVESTIGATING THE GENDER DIVERSITY IN THE FIELD OF RESEARCH: A STUDY BASED ON EDITORIAL BOARDS OF JOURNALS FALLING IN ISI THOMSON REUTERS
Authors:   Institute of Business and Technology, Karachi., Noman Ambreen
Published: March 2021

Purpose: This paper reviews the gender composition in the editorial boards of the journals falling in the ISI Thomson Reuters. The purpose of this research paper is to watch the gender diversity in the editorial boards and to explore the perception of gender biasness if any in the field of research Methodology/Sample : The study design is a mix of quantitative and qualitative methods. The performance of either gender has been measured via quantitative technique such as Independent sample T Test, whereas, the probable presence of Gender biasness has been investigated via comparative study of qualitative methods. This study takes a sample of 200 journals falling in ISI Thomson Reuters. Findings: It has been concluded that there is Gender inequality in Editorial Journals despite the fact that gender does not have significant impact on the performance of the journals in terms of the total citations. The mean total citation of the male dominated editorial boards has been observed as equal to that of mean total citation of the female dominated editorial boards. Practical Implications: Any perception of gender in-equality may create a deplorable image in the research field. Therefore, it is essential to encourage the gender equality as well as gender equity in the field of Research.