bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation Plan for a High-Frequency, Low-Touch Care Model at Specialized Type 1 Diabetes Clinics: Model Development
Authors: de Sequeira Stephanie , Presseau Justin , Booth Gillian L , Lipscombe Lorraine L , Perkins Isabelle , Perkins Bruce A , Shulman Rayzel , Lakhanpal Gurpreet , Ivers Noah
Published: September 2022

Background

Individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are more likely to achieve optimal glycemic management when they have frequent visits with their health care team. There is a potential benefit of frequent, telemedicine interventions as an effective strategy to lower hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c).

Objective

The objective is this study was to understand the provider- and system-level factors affecting the successful implementation of a virtual care intervention in type 1 diabetes (T1D) clinics.

Methods

Semistructured interviews were conducted with managers and certified diabetes educators (CDEs) at diabetes clinics across Southern Ontario before the COVID-19 pandemic. Deductive analysis was carried out using the Theoretical Domains Framework, followed by mapping to behavior change techniques to inform potential implementation strategies for high-frequency virtual care for T1D.

Results

There was considerable intention to deliver high-frequency virtual care to patients with T1D. Participants believed that this model of care could lead to improved patient outcomes and engagement but would likely increase the workload of CDEs. Some felt there were insufficient resources at their site to enable them to participate in the program. Member checking conducted during the pandemic revealed that clinics and staff had already developed strategies to overcome resource barriers to the adoption of virtual care during the pandemic.

Conclusions

Existing enablers for high-frequency virtual care for T1D can be leveraged, and barriers can be overcome with targeted clinical incentives and support.
Seasonality of Hashimoto Thyroiditis: Infodemiology Study of Google Trends Data
Authors: Marcec Robert , Stjepanovic Josip , Likic Robert
Published: September 2022

Background

Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune thyroid disease and the leading cause of hypothyroidism in areas with sufficient iodine intake. The quality-of-life impact and financial burden of hypothyroidism and HT highlight the need for additional research investigating the disease etiology with the aim of revealing potential modifiable risk factors.

Objective

Implementation of measures against such risk factors, once identified, has the potential to lessen the financial burden while also improving the quality of life of many individuals. Therefore, we aimed to examine the potential seasonality of HT in Europe using the Google Trends data to explore whether there is a seasonal characteristic of Google searches regarding HT, examine the potential impact of the countries’ geographic location on the potential seasonality, and identify potential modifiable risk factors for HT, thereby inspiring future research on the topic.

Methods

Monthly Google Trends data on the search topic “Hashimoto thyroiditis” were retrieved in a 17-year time frame from January 2004 to December 2020 for 36 European countries. A cosinor model analysis was conducted to evaluate potential seasonality. Simple linear regression was used to estimate the potential effect of latitude and longitude on seasonal amplitude and phase of the model outputs.

Results

Of 36 included European countries, significant seasonality was observed in 30 (83%) countries. Most phase peaks occurred in spring (14/30, 46.7%) and winter (8/30, 26.7%). A statistically significant effect was observed regarding the effect of geographical latitude on cosinor model amplitude (y = –3.23 + 0.13 x; R2=0.29; P=.002). Seasonal increases in HT search volume may therefore be a consequence of an increased incidence or higher disease activity. It is particularly interesting that in most countries, a seasonal peak occurred in spring and winter months; when viewed in the context of the statistically significant impact of geographical latitude on seasonality amplitude, this may indicate the potential role of vitamin D levels in the seasonality of HT.

Conclusions

Significant seasonality of HT Google Trends search volume was observed in our study, with seasonal peaks in most countries occurring in spring and winter and with a significant impact of latitude on seasonality amplitude. Further studies on the topic of seasonality in HT and factors impacting it are required.
Transformational Leadership and Life Satisfaction: The Mediating Role of Self-esteem and Subjective Experience of Work Success
Authors: Jackson LTB
Published: September 2022

Transformational leadership theory seems ideal for the South African context that is experiencing significant changes since the first democratic elections in 1994. Very little evidence is available regarding the role of self-esteem and success at work in the relationship between transformational leadership and life satisfaction, especially in South Africa. Data was collected in different organizations using cross-sectional design and a convenience sample (N = 616). The results suggest that all transformational leadership characteristics were significantly related to one another on the one hand and to self-esteem, subjective experiences of work success and life satisfaction on the other hand. A good fit of the data to the hypothesized model and closer inspection of the total, direct and indirect effects confirmed the partial mediation effect of self-esteem and subjective experiences of success at work in the relationship between transformational leadership and life satisfaction. Managerial implications and suggestions for future studies are provided.
Historical and Cultural Tourism Development Model in improving the Community's Economy in the Jati Bali Village West Ranomeeto District of South Konawe Regency
Authors: Syahrun Syahrun , Lindayani Lilik Rita , Suraya Rahmat Sewa , Alim Abdul , Janu La , Aswati Aswati , Alias Alias , Arman Arman
Published: September 2022

The tourism sector is an opportunity for the community to create innovations to increase the economic capacity of the family. The uniqueness of an area if managed properly can become a new tourist destination for tourists. Such is the case with Jati Bali Village in West Ranomeeto District, South Konawe Regency. A village with unique potential with Balinese cultural characteristics, but located in the Southeast Sulawesi Region of Indonesia. In addition to its unique culture, in Jati Bali Village there is also a historical site in the form of a Dutch colonial heritage bunker. By Halu Oleo University, this area is used as a forum to devote knowledge to the community in the form of the KKN Tematik (Thematic Community Service Program). This program is held as an effort to foster collective awareness and community innovation power in the development of historical and cultural tourism to improve the economy. It was identified that the potential for historical and cultural tourism in Jati Bali Village apart from bunkers, there are also temples for worshiping Balinese Hindus, performing arts accompanied by gamelan music, as well as traditional Ngaben ceremonies which are still being maintained. Meanwhile, in terms of natural management, this village has agro-tourism potential with modern agriculture, because basically agriculture is the main source of income for the Jati Bali’s community, who originated to be transmigrants from Bali. The participatory approach is used as a method of assisting the community to prepare for the development of tourism objects in the village. Thus, the Thematic Community Service Program in the form of counseling, training, and empowerment based on historical and cultural tourism has become a strategy and effort for academics from Halu Oleo University to increase people's sources of income, especially the people of Jati Bali Village.
A Comparative Study of Dialect Translation in Two English Versions of The Divorce
Authors: Binyan Liao
Published: September 2022

In the literary translation, translation of dialect becomes a topic that deserves a lot of attention, because dialect is endowed with distinctive national and regional cultural characteristics and frequently cause many difficulties in the translation process. Exploring dialect translation is of great significance for the translation of literature. This paper aims to make a comparative study of dialect translation in two English versions of The Divorce, a short novel written by Lu Xun, a prominent figure in the history of Chinese literature, so as to analyze translators’ translation styles and strategies, reveal the loss and gain of different translation methods and thus trigger more researches on the translation of non-standard literature dialect in novel translation.
Bio-Inspirations - Melanophila Acuminata can Sense and Detect Forest Fires
Authors: avaratne Atharva N
Published: September 2022

Abstract: Forest-fires are caused due to various factors including natural ones, such as hot lightning striking the ignitable trees, and human ones such as negligent use of fire or fire-causing products like cigarettes and explosives, disruptive machinery deployed within the forest, etc. The spread of these fires, however, is largely determined by parameters such as temperature, wind, relative humidity, and rain; unsurprisingly, the most prominent of these factors is the temperature. Detection of anomalies in the temperature can be a crucial indication towards the possibility of a fire, therefore enabling a potentially quicker response and minimising the loss of land and other resources, besides human life. A specific beetle called the Fire Beetle, or the melanophila acuminata, is known to have evolved with a collection of sensors which can detect IR radiation with remarkable sensitivity, even from long distances. These beetles can potentially sense the emergence of a fire from as long as a few miles away. Since early detection of forest-fires is a decisive step towards dealing with it, taking inspiration from melanophila acuminata can be a way of doing so.
High Accuracy Electric Water Heater using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS)
Authors: Sudiharto Indhana , DwiMurdianto Farid , Budikarso Anang , Taufika Putri
Published: September 2022

Nowadays, water heater is a common household appliance. Water heater can be divided into three types, based on fuel sources: gas, diesel, and electric. Electric water heater is the most common due to its ease of use. The problems that often occur on electric water heater are over-temperature due to user error in setting up the thermostat and inaccurate readings caused by a conventional system control. These problems will cause a surge in power consumption. Over-temperature and conventional control inaccuracies can be overcome using the Artificial Intelligence (AI) control algorithm in the form of an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). The proposed algorithm acts as a control by maintaining the stability of the temperature to obtain more accurate results. An accurate temperature reading can lower power consumption in electric water heater. This study tries to simulate Electric Water Heater temperature control using the ANFIS algorithm until stable readings can be achieved in all temperature settings. Results from disturbance tests in the form of external condition that causes sudden temperature change show that the system can maintain stability with an average error margin of 0.045% and the rate of accuracy of 99.955%.
Digital Platforms and Analogue Policies: Governance Issues in Canadian Cultural Policy
Authors: Jeannotte M. Sharon
Published: September 2022

Background: In Canada, a complex set of public action instruments have been used over the past 100 years or so to encourage, regulate, and support Canadian cultural expression. Analysis: During this period, governments were primarily motivated by three normative imperatives: national identity, economic vitality, and cultural diversity. This article explores the cultural stakes for Canada in the digital platform environment to determine if these normative perspectives are still valid. Conclusion and implications: Cultural policies rooted in the “analogue” past continue to be relevant in the “digital” present, but a new normative imperative—enhancing democracy, fairness, and cultural rights—appears to be emerging.
Ontario’s Right-Wing Populism “Will Cost You”: A Propaganda Analysis of Ford’s Sticker Act and Canadian Journalism’s Response
Authors: Forde Sydney L.
Published: September 2022

Background: Political environments shaped by ascendant populism and growing anxieties over globalization have been compared to the early twentieth century, including concerns about the power of state-sponsored propaganda. The revisiting of propaganda analysis as a tool for analyzing government campaigns is thus warranted. Analysis: This article applies propaganda analysis to populist Ontario Premier Doug Ford’s Federal Carbon Tax Transparency Act. Canadian journalism’s response is then measured through a comparative frequency analysis alongside the premier’s sensationalized “buck-a-beer” campaign. Conclusion and implications: The applicability of a reinstated propaganda analysis is solidified in the current Canadian context, and journalism prioritizing profit over democracy is discussed.
AI and the Automation of Warfare
Authors: McKelvey Fenwick , Packer Jeremy , Reeves Joshua
Published: September 2022

On June 16, 2021, Fenwick McKelvey met with Jeremy Packer and Joshua Reeves (2020) to discuss their work, including their recently co-authored book Killer Apps: War, Media, Machine. McKelvey’s (2018) work focuses on algorithmic media and its implications for communication, including his book Internet Daemons: Digital Communications Possessed. Packer’s (2008) work is generally concerned with the use of automated, military, and mobile media for purposes of governance, surveillance, and political control.
A temática étnico-racial em pauta: ações do NEABI - Ibirama em um ano atípico
Authors: Leites Amália Cardona , Bartel Carlos Eduardo
Published: September 2022

O presente artigo apresenta um relato de experiência das ações extensionistas promovidas no ano de 2021 pelo Núcleo de Estudos Afro-brasileiros e Indígenas (NEABI) do Campus Ibirama da Instituto Federal Catarinense. Devido ao contexto de pandemia de COVID-19, que perdurou durante quase todo o ano letivo de 2021, as atividades do Núcleo precisaram ser adaptadas para que ocorressem em ambientes virtuais. Apesar desta adequação forçada, que limitou em grande medida a diversidade das ações, foi possível identificar tanto o promissor potencial do NEABI quanto os desafios a serem superados para que a temática étnico-racial seja definitivamente incluída nos espaços institucionais e passe a fazer parte do cotidiano da comunidade escolar.
Caminhos da Educação Escolar Indígena entre países colonizados pela Inglaterra e suas diferenças
Authors: Vilarim Paulo Roberto , Martins Décio Ruivo , Rodrigues Sérgio Paulo Jorge
Published: September 2022

Neste artigo iremos analisar os caminhos da educação escolar indígena (EEI) em três países colonizados pela Inglaterra. Objetiva-se usar a EEI como pano de fundo para analisarmos as discrepâncias na condução da educação escolar, contando eventos históricos marcantes para a EEI. Foi realizado um estudo bibliográfico sobre a EEI nos países Estados Unidos da América; Austrália e Nova Zelândia e criada uma cronologia dos marcos temporais. O enfrentamento do apartheid e do racismo provocou atrasos na condução da EEI e o protagonismo dos nativos na condução da EEI.
Relações étnico-raciais, escola e formação continuada de professores: uma experiência na comunidade do Curuzu-Salvador/BA
Authors: Correia Sandro dos Santos
Published: September 2022

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo refletir sobre a experiência pedagógica na comunidade do Curuzu por meio da coordenação pedagógica na Especialização Lato-Sensu intitulada “Metodologia dos Estudos Africanos e Afro-Brasileiros” das Faculdades Integradas Olga Mettig em 2007. O Objetivo Geral foi a capacitação de profissionais de educação e áreas afins sobre a lei 10.639 e sua operacionalidade no trabalho pedagógico, seja ele, realizado em sala de aula ou em outro espaço coletivo de aprendizagem. Os Objetivos específicos foram: fornecer subsídios pedagógicos sobre a lei 10.639 e promover interação pedagógica entre as várias matrizes culturais formadoras do território brasileiro. Este curso pretendeu atender a operacionalidade da lei 10.639/03 tendo como principal público – alvo educadores e graduados na área de ciências humanas e sociais. Os principais resultados dessa experiência estão em torno do acesso aos educadores e educadoras a teorias decoloniais e antirracistas.
Decolonialidade e educação para as relações étnico-raciais: um olhar sobre o racismo e a branquitude na escola
Authors: Ferreira Maria de Fátima de Andrade , De Santana José Valdir Jesus , Verástegui Rosa de Lourdes Aguilar
Published: September 2022

Este artigo é um recorte da pesquisa que trata da importância dos pensamentos pós-coloniais e decoloniais entendidos como um conjunto heterogêneo e abrangente de pesquisas, estudos e propostas construídas por diferentes áreas do conhecimento e movimentos diversos, que num esforço coletivo buscam elaborar conhecimentos dissidentes e referências epistemológicas que contestam os paradigmas estabelecidos pela modernidade (MALDONADO-TORRES, 2019). Nele, buscamos refletir sobre os efeitos do racismo para a branquitude, procurando mostrar os motivos que denunciam a resistência e as dificuldades e incapacidade da escola de resolver os problemas que o funcionamento desses elementos provocam às relações étnico-raciais. O fato é que as consequências da chamada democracia racial e da ideologia da mestiçagem e miscigenação têm se mostrado persistente e duradoura através dos séculos, atravessando os tempos e construções históricas, sociais, étnicas, linguísticas e culturais que caracterizam a sociedade brasileira. Por outro lado, a decolonialidade tem sido reconhecida a partir do processo histórico de luta e resistência de movimentos afrodiaspóricos (BERNARDINO-COSTA; MALDONADO-TORRES; GROSFOGUEL, 2018) contra a lógica da colonialidade e seus efeitos materiais, simbólicos e epistêmicos nas práticas pedagógicas e nas relações sociais na escola.
Relações Étnico-raciais, Branquitude e Decolonialidade na Educação - Apresentação do Dossiê
Authors: Ferreira Maria de Fátima de Andrade , De Santana José Valdir Jesus , Verástegui Rosa de Lourdes Aguilar
Published: September 2022

Apresentação do Dossiê "Relações Étnico-raciais, Branquitude e Decolonialidade na Educação".
Improved sampled-data controller design for T-S fuzzy systems with an adaptive event-triggered mechanism
Authors: Zhang Zongyu , Zhang Ruonan , Ge Chao , Yang Li
Published: September 2022

This paper investigates the problem of stability and stabilization for
Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy systems with adaptive event-triggered scheme
(AETS) based on sampled-data control. AETS is used to relieve network
congestion and save bandwidth resources. A novel Lyapunov–Krosovskii
functional (LKF) is proposed by introducing the available information of
fuzzy membership functions (FMFs) and sampling instant. The FMFs
approach, extended reciprocal convex inequality technique and some slack
matrices are fully utilized to deal with the derivative of the LKF.
Then, an improved criterion with less conservatism is obtained to
guarantee the stability of T-S fuzzy system. Moreover, the standard
conditions are given in the form of linear matrix inequalities by the
matrix decoupling technique. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness
of the proposed method can be demonstrated through a numerical
simulation.
Available nutrients affect fungal composition and function under land-use conversion in alkaline grasslands in northeastern China
Authors: Hu juan , Huang Yingxin , Zhou wei
Published: September 2022

There is little knowledge about the link between the fungal community
and soil nutrient availability in the conversion of alkaline grasslands
from abandoned farmland to grassland in northeastern China. In this
paper, the diversity, composition, and function of fungi, as well as
basic soil properties and inorganic phosphorus fractions, were
investigated under land-use conversion from maize cropland to alfalfa
(AG), Lyemus chinensis (LG), and restored grasslands (RG). The
results show that the relationships between Olsen-P and the Pi fractions
of Ca -P, Fe-P, Ca -P, and Ca
-P were close. Significantly elevated available
phosphorus (Olsen-P) and available nitrogen (AN) values were found in
the 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm soil layers, respectively, in the AG treatment,
relative to LG and RG treatments ( P < 0.05). The O-P
content at 0-10 cm and Al-P content at 10-20 cm in the RG treatment were
the highest. The RG treatment increased the Shannon index of fungi and
the abundances of Mortierellomycota, Glomeromycota, and
Mortierella, while decreasing the abundance of
Cladosporium. The RG treatment greatly reduced plant pathogens
and enhanced mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal growth. Olsen-P and AN were
both positively correlated with plant pathogen abundance ( P
< 0.01). Mycorrhizal fungi had negative effects on Ca
-P, Fe-P, Olsen-P, and AN ( P < 0.01).
In conclusion, land-use conversion from maize cropland to restored
grassland could reduce the abundance of some plant pathogens and enhance
useful fungi by decreasing the availability of P and N.
No need to treat atrial fibrillation. An unexpected perspective.
Authors: Moscarelli Marco , Fattouch Khalil
Published: September 2022

Heart failure and atrial fibrillation are often associated. Both
conditions share pathophysiology and risk factor; as an example, atrial
fibrillation may be regarded as either the ‘cause’ or the ‘consequence’
of heart failure. If coexistent, they are associated to very poor
outcome. With this in mind, finding effective therapy for patients
presenting with both heart failure and atrial fibrillation remains of
paramount importance. There are also little evidence of the role and
benefit of surgical atrial fibrillation ablation concomitant to heart
surgery (i.e., coronary or valve surgery).
Rapid global spread of Variant of Concern of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: He Daihai , Cowling Benjamin , Ali Sheikh Taslim , Stone Lewi
Published: September 2022

In this work, we show the spatiotemporal spread and replacement of
different Variant of Concern (VOC) of SARS-COV-2. We define a metric to
quantify the spread speed of each COV. We discuss the basic reproductive
number of these VOC’s and possible impact of travel ban.
Exact mathematical expressions of the Proton to Electron Mass Ratio with symmetrical shape and physical meaning
Authors: Pellis Stergios
Published: September 2022

We present 26 exact mathematical expressions of the proton to
electron mass ratio with exact value. We propose an exact mathematical
expression using Fibonacci and Lucas numbers. Also we present the exact
mathematical expressions between the proton to electron mass ratio with
the mathematical constants. Finally we propose the exact mathematical
expressions between the proton to electron mass ratio with the
fine-structure constant.
Lancemaside A from Codonopsis lanceolata is a broad-spectrum antiviral agent against SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern
Authors: KIM TAI YOUNG , Jeon Sangeun , Ko Meehyun , Du Young Eun , Son So-Ri , Jang Dae Sik , Kim Seungtaek , Lee Changjoon Justin
Published: September 2022

Background and Purpose Codonopsis lanceolata (CL) has long been used as
a medicinal herb in East Asian countries to treat inflammatory diseases
of the respiratory system but its antiviral activity has not been
investigated. Here, we evaluated the potential inhibitory activity of CL
extracts and their active compounds on SARS-CoV-2. Experimental Approach
Pseudotyped SARS-CoV-2 entry assay and dose-response curve analysis with
authentic SARS-CoV-2 and recombinant SARS-CoV-2 reporter virus
expressing the nanoluciferase were carried out to investigate the
effects of compounds against SARS-CoV-2 entry into host cells. Filipin
cholesterol staining, SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S)-ACE2 binding assay, and
S-mediated cell fusion assay using time-lapse imaging, flow cytometry,
and split-GFP fusion were conducted to understand the inhibitory
mechanisms. Key Results Lancemaside A (LA), a triterpenoid saponin
isolated from CL, impeded the endosomal entry pathway of SARS-CoV-2 and
its variants including Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron with similar IC50
values of 2.23 ~ 3.37 μM as well as the TMPRSS2-mediated
viral entry pathway with IC50 value of 3.92 μM. LA was also able to
prevent the formation of S-induced multinucleated syncytia.
Mechanically, LA altered the distribution of host cell membrane
cholesterol and blocked the membrane fusion between SARS-CoV-2 and host
cells. Conclusion and implications LA can be a broad-spectrum antiviral
drug not only against SARS-CoV-2 but also against other novel enveloped
viral pathogens that might arise in the future by targeting viral
envelope fusion with the host cell membrane. Keywords SARS-CoV-2,
Omicron, COVID-19, Lancemaside A, triterpenoid saponin, membrane fusion
Hacking Techniques Improve Health and Nutritional Status of Nestling White-tailed Eagles
Authors: Ferrer Miguel , Evans Rhian , Hedley Joanna , Hollamby Simon , Meredith Anna , Morandini Virginia , Selly Owen , Smith Claire , Whitfield Phil
Published: September 2022

Birds of prey frequently feature in reintroductions and the hacking
technique is typically used. Hacking involves removing large nestlings
from donor populations, transferring them to captivity, feeding them ad
libitum. Potentially, via the hacking method, stress of captivity and
disruption of parental feeding may be detrimental. Alternatively,
provision of ad libitum food may be advantageous. Although hacking has
underpinned reintroduction project successes there has been no research
on how the method may affect the health and nutritional status of
translocated birds during captivity. We compared blood chemistry data
from 55 young White-tailed Eagles, translocated from Norway as part of
the species’ reintroduction to Scotland, from sampling soon after
arriving in captivity and again (≈ 42 d later) before their release.
Numerous significant differences between first and second samples were
found, but no significant interactions showed that sexes responded
similarly to captivity. According to hematological and biochemical
metrics, individuals showed several changes during captivity, including
in red blood cell parameters, plasma proteins and white cellular
parameters related to the immune system, that indicated improved health
status. Captivity with ad libitum food was associated with decreased
urea and uric acid values: high values can indicate nutritional stress.
Urea values became more normally distributed before release, indicating
that ad libitum food had reduced nutritional differences between early
nestlings in the season and later ones. Despite plentiful food, both
sexes lost body mass before release, suggesting an inherent
physiological mechanism to improve flight performance in fledglings. We
conclude that hacking improved the health and nutritional status of
released eagles which is likely to enable birds to cope with greater
costs of exploratory behavior which they may require in reintroduction
projects. In this context, we note the absence of survival differences
between hacked and wild raptors in previous research.
Innovation Transition Success: Practice Doesn’t Make Perfect
Authors: Ryan Kaitlyn , Cox Amy , Koschnick Clay , Thal Alfred
Published: September 2022

The authors of this research examine and evaluate organizational factors associated with commercialization under the Air Force Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program. Their objective is to improve return on investment.
The data set used was the SBIR Phase II program data set, which contains information on 433 SBIR topics with closed contracts reported during Department of Defense (DoD) fiscal years (FYs) 2015 to 2018. Each data point contained characteristics of the topic, including commercialization. Military capability or topic areas were hypothesized to have varying commercialization rates. Incumbency was theorized to be a characteristic of successful programs, while increased company size was theorized as a characteristic of unsuccessful programs. Variables were analyzed through graphs and logistic regression.
Small businesses (1 to 31 employees) have a 2.6% increased commercialization rate compared to large businesses (32 to 499 employees); this increase is significant when compared to the 8.8% global success rate of SBIR projects. No learning effect or improved performance was observed between companies new to the SBIR program (fewer than 14 contracts) and incumbents (15–419 contracts). The opposite—learning—was observed with new entrants outperforming incumbents. A bump in the data appears for newer entrants with some experience.
In FY 2019, DoD obligated $1.8 billion in SBIR funding, and previous research indicated the commercialization rate of SBIR Phase II contracts is approximately 8.8%. This exploratory research looks at factors and trends seen in successful programs. Findings indicate factors that may guide investment choices to improve commercialization rates.
Uwarunkowania i ekonomiczne znaczenie produkcji ziarna kakaowca w krajach Afryki Zachodniej
Authors: Kramarz Paulina
Published: September 2022

Kraje Afryki Zachodniej takie jak Ghana, Wybrzeże Kości Słoniowej należą do największych światowych producentów i eksporterów ziarna kakaowca z łącznym udziałem przekraczającym 50% światowego eksportu. Zmienność wielkości produkcji w zależności od warunków klimatycznych i wewnętrznych problemów politycznych w gospodarkach uzależnionych od eksportu kakao, może stanowić przyczynę wahań koniunktury gospodarczej. Jednocześnie produkcja i obrót ziarnem kakaowca stanowi podstawę budowania strategii rozwoju tych terenów. Celem artykułu była analiza ekonomicznego znaczenia produkcji ziarna kakaowca w krajach Afryki Zachodniej.
Porównanie spółek publicznych przemysłu rolno-spożywczego notowanych na giełdach amerykańskich
Authors: Andrzejuk Adam
Published: September 2022

Przedstawiony materiał omawia zagadnienia z zakresu analizy międzysektorowej spółek publicznych przemysłu rolno-spożywczego notowanych na giełdach amerykańskich, w celu ukazania wielkości przemysłu w świetle negocjacji o wolnym handlu pomiędzy UE-USA (T-TIP). Na początku omówiono zagadnienie wyboru spółek rolno-spożywczych, dokonano selekcji odpowiednich podmiotów. Następnie dokonano analizy zróżnicowania sektorów. Przeprowadzono analizę wielkości spółek branży rolno-spożywczej dla rynku amerykańskiego i dokonano porównania ich kapitalizacji rynkowej. W kolejnym etapie przeprowadzono analizę wybranych wielkości finansowych. Porównano przychody, zysk netto, aktywa, zobowiązania i aktywa niematerialne. Porównano skalę i wzrost analizowanych wielkości w latach 2011-2014.
Czy warto stosować instrumenty finansowe w programach rozwoju obszarów wiejskich?
Authors: Wieliczko Barbara
Published: September 2022

Instrumenty finansowe, czyli przede wszystkim kredyty i gwarancje kredytowe oraz kapitał założycielski są coraz silniej obecne w różnych obszarach polityki UE. Od okresu programowania 2007-2013 mogą być również elementem programów rozwoju obszarów wiejskich. Jednakże dotychczas niewiele państw skorzystało z takiej możliwości. Jednocześnie ocena stosowania tych instrumentów wskazuje na to, iż korzyści z wprowadzania takich form wsparcia są znacznie mniejsze od początkowych oczekiwań, co w części wynika z nie w pełni dostosowanych rozwiązań regulacyjnych UE. Wydaje się również, iż potencjalni beneficjenci nie są zainteresowani korzystaniem z takiej pomocy, co może wynikać z braku wiedzy o funkcjonowaniu takich instrumentów. Patrząc na stale malejące zainteresowanie inwestycyjnymi kredytami preferencyjnymi można przypuszczać, iż w Polsce instrumenty finansowe nie spotkałyby się z dużym zainteresowaniem rolników.
Polski handel zagraniczny artykułami rolno-spożywczymi i jego prognoza
Authors: Bórawski Piotr , Bełdycka-Bórawska Aneta
Published: September 2022

W pracy analizie poddano handel zagraniczny artykułami rolno-spożywczymi. Wskazano główne kraje, do których Polska eksportuje artykuły rolno-spożywcze oraz importerów. W analizie danych posłużono się metodami tabelarycznymi, opisowymi, graficznymi oraz analizą trendu. Materiał źródłowy stanowiły dane Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego, Instytutu Ekonomiki Rolnictwa i Gospodarki Żywnościowej - PIB w Warszawie oraz Ministerstwa Rolnictwa i Rozwoju Wsi. Z badań wynika, że saldo bilansu handlowego artykułami rolno-spożywczymi w latach 2003-2015 wzrosło z 0,5 mld EUR do 7,7 mld EUR, czyli o 1440%. Polska eksportuje głównie mięso i podroby z drobiu, wyroby czekoladowe, mięso czerwone, pieczywo, przetwory mięsne, pszenicę, mięso wieprzowe. Głównymi partnerami handlowymi dla Polski są kraje UE, w tym szczególnie: Niemcy, Wielka Brytania, Czechy, Holandia i Włochy. W pracy opracowano prognozę rozwoju handlu polskimi artykułami rolno-spożywczymi, z której wynika, ze eksport, import oraz saldo będą rosły.
Zmiany w produkcji kwiaciarskiej w Polsce i wybranych krajach świata
Authors: Jabłońska Lilianna
Published: September 2022

Celem pracy jest analiza zmian w światowej produkcji kwiaciarskiej jako jednej z przesłanek w ocenie dalszego jej rozwoju w Polsce. Badania pokazują, iż w ostatnich dwóch dekadach miał miejsce dalszy rozwój tej produkcji, ale towarzyszyły mu wyraźne zmiany w relacjach między gałęziami kwiaciarstwa i grupami roślin w poszczególnych krajach, prowadzące do zmian w strukturze geograficznej produkcji. Przede wszystkim następuje wycofywanie się krajów rozwiniętych z produkcji pod osłonami, szczególnie kwiatów ciętych, a jednocześnie jej rozwój w krajach Afryki i Ameryki Łacińskiej, z przeznaczeniem na eksport. W krajach rozwiniętych wzrasta znaczenie produkcji roślin doniczkowych i szkółkarstwa ozdobnego, ale widoczne jest spowolnienie wzrostu areału upraw, co może wskazywać na stopniowe nasycanie się popytu wewnętrznego.
Znaczenie czynników determinujących decyzje powrotne migrantów zarobkowych pochodzących z obszarów wiejskich
Authors: Cymanow Piotr
Published: September 2022

Artykuł prezentuje wyniki badań, jakie zostały przeprowadzone na grupie osób wywodzących się ze środowisk wiejskich, które aktualnie przebywają poza granicami kraju, wykonując pracę zarobkową. Zasadniczym celem dokonanej analizy jest przedstawienie zjawiska migracji powrotnych na przykładzie grupy osób wywodzących się z obszarów peryferyjnych. W opracowaniu uwzględniono również ocenę czynników determinujących podejmowanie ewentualnych decyzji w zakresie powrotów z migracji. W artykule podkreślono także znaczenie migracji zarobkowych w kontekście niekorzystnych zmian struktury demograficznej i problemów społecznych, dotykających obszarów peryferyjnych.
Produkcja i znaczenie konsumpcyjne ziemniaka i rzepaku w Polsce i w wybranych krajach UE
Authors: Grużewska Agata , Gugała Marek , Paprocka Sylwia , Zarzecka Krystyna
Published: September 2022

W pracy przedstawiono wybrane elementy dotyczące produkcji oraz wykorzystania ziemniaka i rzepaku w Polsce i krajach Unii Europejskiej. Są to dwie bardzo ważne rośliny rolnicze ze względu na zmieniającą się produkcję i duże walory konsumpcyjne. W opracowaniu wykorzystano dane dotyczące areału uprawy, plonów i zbiorów oraz zmieniającego się w naszym kraju spożycia tych gatunków na przestrzeni ostatnich 25 lat. Jednocześnie wartości te odniesiono do wybranych krajów w Unii Europejskiej. Wykazano, że powierzchnia uprawy i zbiory ziemniaka zarówno w kraju jak i w Europie maleją, a plony zwiększają się. Natomiast w zakresie rzepaku areał uprawy, plony, zbiory i spożycie oleju rzepakowego zarówno w Polsce jak i krajach unijnych ulegają zwiększeniu.
Zróżnicowania dochodowe i przyczyny ich zmian w krajach objętych statystyką OECD
Authors: Grzelak Aleksander
Published: September 2022

Głównym celem artykułu jest rozpoznanie tendencji w procesie zmian zróżnicowań dochodowych w krajach objętych statystyką OECD oraz określenie ich skali i przyczyn. Badania zrealizowano na podstawie baz danych OECD. Stwierdzono, że zmiany w zakresie zróżnicowań dochodowych w obrębie badanych krajów w ostatnich dekadach były różnokierunkowe, dominował jednak wzrost dyspersji dochodów. Ich zmniejszenie można było odnotować w krajach mniej zamożnych, z reguły o wysokim poziomie nierówności dochodowych, podczas gdy w większości krajów rozwiniętych miały miejsce tendencje wzrostowe. Istnieje wiele przyczyn wyjaśniających zróżnicowania dochodowe. Najczęściej wskazuje się na procesy globalizacji, rolę państwa w gospodarce, warunki funkcjonowania rynków pracy, czynniki społeczno-demograficzne. Można przypuszczać, że dalsze kierunki badań w tym obszarze przyczynią się do jeszcze lepszego rozpoznania wpływu przyczyn społecznych, jak i instytucjonalnych.
Zróżnicowanie funkcji rolniczej w krajach Unii Europejskiej na podstawie wybranych cech
Authors: Janiszewska Dorota , Ossowska Luiza
Published: September 2022

Celem artykułu jest ocena zróżnicowania rozwoju funkcji rolniczej krajów Unii Europejskiej w latach 2005 oraz 2013 na podstawie wybranych cech. Zróżnicowanie poziomu rozwoju funkcji rolniczej wyznaczono metodą wskaźnika syntetycznego. Do analizy przyjęto następujące cechy: średnia powierzchnia użytków rolnych w gospodarstwie rolnym, udział gruntów ornych w powierzchni użytków rolnych, pogłowie zwierząt w LSU na 100 ha użytków rolnych oraz udział gospodarstw o powierzchni do 5 ha w ogólnej liczbie gospodarstw. W wyniku zastosowania metody miernika syntetycznego podzielono badane kraje na trzy klasy. Jak wynika z przeprowadzonych badań, pomimo iż nie ma znaczących różnic biorąc pod uwagę przynależność analizowanych krajów UE do poszczególnych klas można zauważyć znaczne różnice pomiędzy rokiem 2013 a 2005 w zakresie wartości analizowanych wskaźników.
Typologia rolnictwa krajów kandydujących do Unii Europejskiej ze względu na wybrane cechy sektora rolnego
Authors: Jankowska Anna
Published: September 2022

W pracy została dokonana typologia krajów kandydujących (CC) do Unii Europejskiej (UE) dotycząca poziomu rozwoju sektora rolnego na podstawie syntetycznego miernika rozwoju oraz analizy skupień metodą Warda. Do cech diagnostycznych zostały uwzględnione następujące wskaźniki: udział wartości dodanej rolnictwa w produkcie krajowym brutto, udział rolnictwa w zatrudnieniu, użytki rolne na osobę i wydajność pracy w rolnictwie. Najwyższy poziom rozwoju sektora rolnego obserwuje się w Czarnogórze. Stosunkowo wysoki poziom rozwoju istnieje również w Bośni i Hercegowinie, Macedonii, Turcji i na Ukrainie, podczas gdy niższy poziom rozwoju sektora rolnego jest w Serbii. Do grupy krajów o najniższym poziomie rozwoju sektora rolnego zalicza się Albanię i Gruzję.
Uwarunkowania zasobowe a dochody rolnicze w krajach UE
Authors: Smędzik-Ambroży Katarzyna
Published: September 2022

W opracowaniu podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie: czy w krajach UE o podobnym wyposażeniu w czynniki wytwórcze występowały podobne dochody z działalności rolniczej w przeliczeniu na jednostkę zasobu pracy, kapitału i ziemi. Zakres czasowy obejmował lata 2007-2013, podmiotowy dotyczył gospodarstw reprezentatywnych dla poszczególnych krajów UE, zaś przestrzenny objął obszar Unii Europejskiej z podziałem na poszczególne kraje tworzące to ugrupowanie w latach 2007-2013. W opracowaniu wykorzystano dane FADN. Zastosowano analizę dynamiki, statystyki opisowe (średnie i współczynniki zmienności) oraz aglomeracyjną analizę skupień metodą Warda. Wyodrębniono skupienia krajów istotnie różniące się wyposażeniem rolnictwa w zasób ziemi i kapitału. Udowodniono, że w skupieniach krajów UE o podobnym wyposażeniu w czynniki wytwórcze występowały bardziej zbliżone dochody z działalności rolniczej w przeliczeniu na jednostkę zasobów niż w krajach różniących się tym wyposażeniem.
Przestrzenne zmiany w strukturze produkcji rolnej w Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Tłuczak Agnieszka
Published: September 2022

Wiele zachodzących zjawisk, ich rozwój czy też kierunki zmian, uzależnione są od przestrzennych interakcji zachodzących pomiędzy sąsiadującymi regionami. Model przestrzennej analizy shift-share, który został wprowadzony do badań przez Nazarę i Hewingsa przedstawia przestrzennie zmodyfikowane stopy wzrostu (tempa zmian) poszczególnych wariantów zjawiska przez uwzględnienie temp wzrostu zjawiska w obszarach sąsiadujących. Celem artykułu jest analiza zmian struktury towarowej produkcji rolnej w krajach Unii Europejskiej według wybranych rodzajów produktów rolnych z zastosowaniem przestrzennej metody przesunięć udziałów. W opracowaniu dokonano oceny tempa zmian wielkości zjawiska oraz zidentyfikowano i oszacowano udział czynników strukturalnych, sektorowych oraz regionalnych (lokalnych, przestrzennych) w wielkości efektu globalnego (produkcji rolnej w Unii Europejskiej ogółem) w przekroju krajów członkowskich.
Regionalne zróżnicowanie produkcji i konsumpcji mięsa na świecie w latach 2003-2015
Authors: Mroczek Robert
Published: September 2022

Celem niniejszego opracowania było pokazanie zróżnicowania produkcji i konsumpcji mięsa (wieprzowego, wołowego i drobiowego) na świecie w latach 2003-2015. W tym okresie światowa produkcja trzech podstawowych gatunków mięsa zwiększyła się z 208,6 do 262,7 mln ton, tj. rosła w tempie 1,9% rocznie. Najszybciej przyrastała produkcja mięsa drobiowego (o 3,2% rocznie), wolniej rosła produkcja mięsa wieprzowego (o 1,7% rocznie) a najwolniej, bo tylko o 0,6% rocznie wzrastała produkcja mięsa wołowego. Najwięcej mięsa wieprzowego na świecie produkuje się w Azji Wschodniej (ok. 53%), zaś w produkcji mięsa wołowego przodują obie Ameryki (po ok. ¼ światowej produkcji). Liderami w produkcji mięsa drobiowego są Azja oraz Ameryka Północna (odpowiednio 28,5 i 26,7% światowej produkcji). Azja oraz Wspólnota Niepodległych Państw (WMP) są regionami o największym deficycie mięsa i są jego największymi importerami. Udział Polski w światowej produkcji mięsa wieprzowego, wołowego oraz drobiowego wynosi ok. 1,6%. Jesteśmy czwartym producentem mięsa w Unii Europejskiej. Polska jest eksporterem netto mięsa wołowego i drobiowego oraz importerem netto mięsa wieprzowego.
Płynność finansowa gospodarstw ogrodniczych a zmiany zachodzące na rynku międzynarodowym
Authors: Stefko Olga
Published: September 2022

Celem artykułu była ocena zmian w poziomie płynności finansowej gospodarstw ogrodniczych w kontekście zmian zachodzących na rynkach międzynarodowych. Analiza dotyczyła roku 2013 i była przeprowadzona na podstawie danych FADN. Jest kontynuacją wcześniej przeprowadzonych badań. Obliczono wskaźniki płynności finansowej, struktury majątku i kapitału. Scharakteryzowano wielkość zasobów, produkcji, dochodu i zadłużenia. Potwierdzono wpływ zmian zachodzących na rynku na kondycję przedsiębiorstw. Wykazano ciągle zbyt duże rozdrobnienie produkcji w Polsce przy osiąganych stosunkowo niskich efektach produkcyjnych.
Structural Changes in Wheat Market
Authors: Czech Katarzyna
Published: September 2022

Time series analysis is based on the assumption of stationarity. Stationarity implies the parameters are constant over time. Structural break occurs when at least one of the parameters changes at some date. Structural breaks can lead to huge forecasting errors and unreliability of the model. Modelling structure breaks is very popular in the literature of macroeconomics and finance. However, there are still too few publications about structural breaks in agricultural market. The goal of research is to identify structural breaks in wheat prices time series. A few structural break tests are applied. It has been shown that there is at least one significant structural break in the analysed time series. Both Quandt-Andrews and Bai-Perron tests show that there is a significant breakpoint in 12.09.2007. The estimated break date is associated with the beginning of global financial crisis. It may imply that wheat prices have become more prone to changes in global financial market.
Transportation Costs of Containers from Asia to Europe via DCT Gdansk and Hamburg Seaports
Authors: Górecka Aleksandra
Published: September 2022

The aim of this study was to compare the transportation costs of containers being transported from Asia to Europe via Hamburg and Gdansk seaports. Three indexes are considered to be important for a logistic operator while choosing the transport route for 20 TEU containers: costs, time, and distance. This study confirms that Deepwater Container Terminal in Gdansk transports containers more effectively.
Tools and Mechanisms for Rural Area Development in the State Economic Security Policy System
Authors: Hubeni Yurij , Boiko Vitalii , Olishchuk Petro
Published: September 2022

The article studies the regional-sectoral dimension of the correlation between the development of rural areas and the economic security of the state. The structural approaches are determined by the positioning of the economic mechanism of rural area development in the system of state economic security. The paper identifies key risks and describes their destabilizing impact on rural area development in the context of the economic, social and environmental spheres. A set of tools and mechanisms are worked out to stimulate the development of rural areas within the framework of the state policy of economic security; these the key mechanisms are administrative and management, organizational and economic, socio-humanitarian, logistics and infrastructural, and environmental protection.
The Stability of Component Assets in Optimal Portfolios of Stock and Commodity Indexes
Authors: Górska Anna , Krawiec Monika
Published: September 2022

The turbulences in financial markets increased the interest in commodity investments as an alternative asset class for potential risk diversification. A plethora of past and present studies documents the diversification benefits achieved by adding commodities to the traditional security portfolios. Most of commodity diversification papers ignore the stability of component assets in the optimal portfolio. This paper examines both, the stability and performance of optimal Markowitz portfolios over time. The portfolios are composed of commodity and stock indexes. Their risk and returns are compared to the risk and return of the equally weighted benchmark portfolio.
Yield response of iceberg lettuce (Lactuca sativa Capitata group) to phosphorus fertilisation in a boreal soil
Authors: Uusitalo Risto , Suojala-Ahlfors Terhi
Published: September 2022

Cold soils and a short boreal growing season are assumed to necessitate high soil phosphorus (P) status and ample P applications to vegetable crops. Yet, a previous Finnish study indicated lower than anticipated yield responses of onion and cabbage. Here we report 2-year P trials with iceberg lettuce (cv. Skindel) transplanted in an open field in spring and midsummer on a clay soil with moderately low P status. During the spring plantings, P concentration in soil solution was followed using Plant Root Simulator (PRS) probes in P0 (0 kg P ha-1) and P60 (60 kg P ha-1) treatments. The PRS probes indicated initially 5 to 7-fold higher soil solution P concentration in the P60 treatment compared to P0 due to fertilisation, but thereafter P concentrations equalised. For spring plantings, P applications did not explain yield variation, giving statistically non-significant, maximum 14% higher yields over P0. In summer plantings, about 30% of the yield variation was explained by P applications, and the P60 rate gave 20–35% higher yields over P0. Mitscherlich type model integrating all data predicted a maximum 20% yield, 10% of the variation being accounted for. The model suggested that 32 kg P ha-1 brings 97% of the maximum yield, whilst the Finnish P fertilisation regulation allows 60 kg ha-1 for the given soil. No correlation between P applications and P concentrations of lettuce leaves was found. The results stress the need for empirical evaluation of P requirements of vegetable crops to avoid unnecessary P applications.