bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Düzce Konuralp Müzesi’nden Aphrodite Mozaiği
Authors: Bilir Güzin
Published: October 2024

Çalışmanın konusunu, Düzce Konuralp Müzesi’nde 1913 nolu envanter numarası ile müzenin ana deposunda bulunan Aphrodite’nin betimlendiği mozaik pano oluşturmaktadır. Bahsi geçen mozaik panonun tarihi eser kaçakçıları tarafından Suriye’den farklı bir ülkeye kaçırılması planlanmış, Türkiye sınırları içerisinde yakalanmıştır. 2015 yılında müsadere yoluyla Konuralp Müzesi’ne alınmıştır. Mozaik panodaki betimde ayakta yarı çıplak olarak verilmiş Aphrodite ve arkasında giyimli vaziyette, Aphrodite’nin yardımcılarından Kharis’le birlikte Eros figürü yer almaktadır.
Çalışmada, öncelikle literatürdeki Aphrodite betimli mozaikler incelenmiş ve genellikle “Doğuşu”, “Güzellik Yarışması” ve “Adonis/Ares Aphrodite İlişkisi” gibi tanrıçanın mitlerinin yer aldığı sahneler olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Aphrodite ve Kharitler’in bir arada yer aldığı nadir mozaik betimlemelerinden olan ve günümüzde Shahba Müzesi’nde sergilenen Aphrodite-Ares Mozaiği dikkat çekmektedir. Konuralp Aphrodite Mozaiği ile Shahba Aphrodite-Ares Mozaiği ikonografik ve ikonolojik açıdan karşılaştırılmış, benzerlikler olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu bağlamda çalışmada incelenen mozaiğin 4. yüzyıla tarihlenen Suriye (As-Suwayda-Shahba) kökenli olduğu ortaya konulmuştur.
Edessa Mozaiklerindeki Mitolojik Unsurlar Üzerine Değerlendirme
Authors: Çokoğullu Seçil
Published: October 2024

Edessa (Şanlıurfa, Türkiye) Seleukoslar tarafından kurulmuş bir kenttir. Seleukosların zayıfladığı dönemde İÖ 132 - İS 242 yılları arasında Oshroene bölgesinde hüküm süren Edessa Krallığı’nın başkentidir. Kent bir taraftan yerel kültürel özelliklerini korurken bir taraftan da konumu sebebiyle doğusundaki ve batısındaki kültürlerin etkisinde kalmıştır.
Bugüne kadar ele geçen mozaikler, Edessa ve çevresinde İS 2. - 7. yüzyıllar arasında bir mozaik geleneğinin olduğunu açıkça gösterir. Mozaiklerin çoğunluğu figüratif olmakla birlikte geniş bir konu çeşitliliğine sahiptir. Bu mozaiklerde bölgeye özgü gelenekler ve inanç sistemlerinin yanı sıra aslında kuruluşuyla başlayan Roma hakimiyetiyle ve Hristiyanlığın yayılmasıyla devam eden batı mitolojisinin yansımaları dikkat çekmektedir.
Bu çalışmada Edessa’nın Hristiyanlık öncesi yerel inanç ve dil özellikleri ile Hellen ve Hellen kökenli Roma mitolojisinin Edessa’nın yayınlanmış mozaiklerinde kendini gösteren özellikleri ikonografik açıdan ortaya konmuştur. Bu unsurların tarihsel süreç içindeki ele alınış biçimleri ve farklılıkları ile Edessa’nın inanç sistemindeki değişimin mozaiklerdeki yansımaları üzerine genel bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır.
Anadolu Duvar Resmi Geleneğinde Günümüze Ulaşamamış Bursa Örnekleri
Authors: Ötünç Sevgi
Published: October 2024

Batılılaşma süreciyle birlikte Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun değişen mimari siluetine, Batı’dan alınan öğelerin kaynaklık ettiği yeni bir mimari süsleme dili de dâhil olur. Geleneksel kalem işi sanatından nitelik ve içerik olarak farklılaşan bu duvar resimleri, başkent üzerinden şekillenen yeni bir üslup başlatırken eş zamanlı olarak Anadolu’da da kendini gösterir. Anadolu ekolünün en erken tarihli örneğine ev sahipliği yapan şehir ise Bursa olur. Kendi iç dinamikleriyle kendine has şekillenen bu yeni süslemeyi konutlarına ekleyen şehir, gerek günümüze gelmeyen gerek ise günümüze gelebilen yapılarıyla bu geleneğin önemli bir parçasını oluşturur.
Bu çalışmada, söz konusu yeni resimleme programının Anadolu geleneğine bağlı olan ve günümüze gelmeyen Bursa yapılarında yer alan duvar resmi örneklerinden bahsedilerek şehrin Osmanlı duvar resmi geleneğindeki yeri değerlendirilecektir.
The Sacred Scripture and the Symbolic Representations in the Early Christian Figurative Mosaics from the Balkans
Authors: Perseng Marina
Published: October 2024

It is a well-known fact that the figurative images in the Early Christian art are generally in conformity with the basic Sacraments, specific texts in the Old and the New Testament and the liturgy and rituals, which were performed in the churches. In the recent 40 years many new publications have been devoted to the pavement mosaics from the Balkans but they deal mainly with limited number of monuments from a separate contemporary state. As in Late Antiquity the borders between the provinces and both empires (Western and Eastern) were quite different from the contemporary ones, therefore the picture shown when tracing this aspect of research is not adequate and not complete if the we do not concern the ancient boundaries of the provinces, and do not consider the Balkans as one artistic area, but with many different traditions and influences. For this purpose, the mosaics not only from the well-known artistic centres of Greece have been gathered together, but also from Albania, Bulgaria, Macedonia and the European parts of Turkey. This provides new opportunities for a multifaceted study of the topic of the Early Byzantine liturgical practice from a formal, symbolic and theological point of view and emphasizes the importance of the figurative mosaic images and the inscriptions associated with them, which directly or symbolically reflects the Holy Scripture as well as it reveals the mysterious nature and the specific features of the rituals of the Early Christianity.
Claudiopolis Örneği Işığında Bir Kedigile Binmiş Dionysos Mozaiklerine Genel Bir Bakış
Authors: Sezer S. Sezin
Published: October 2024

Claudiopolis (Bolu), Antik Dönem’de Bithynia Bölgesi sınırları içerisinde yer alan önemli bir kentti. 2011 yılında kent merkezinde yapılan kurtarma kazısı çalışması esnasında bir Dionysos Mozaiği açığa çıkarılmıştır. Dionysos Mozaiği kentteki bir Roma villasının zemininde yer almış olan bir taban mozaiğidir ve dikdörtgen bir biçimde düzenlenmiştir. Mozaik tabanı 590 cm x 620 cm ölçülerindedir.
Bir kedigil üzerine binmiş olan Dionysos kompozisyonu Antik Dönem’de mozaik ustalarının repertuvarlarının sık tercih edilen bir tasviri olmuştur. Bu kompozisyon Geç Klasik Dönem’den, Geç Antik Dönem’e kadar Akdeniz çevresindeki çok sayıdaki atölye tarafından benimsenerek müşterilerinin tercihlerine göre mozaikler üzerine uyarlanmıştır. Bu mozaiklerde Dionysos, bazen küçük bir çocuk bazen de genç bir erişkin olarak tasvir edilmiştir. Kompozisyonun çevresine genellikle dört mevsimi sembolize eden dört ayaklı hayvanlar, kuşlar ve bitkiler yerleştirilmiştir.
Dikdörtgen biçiminde düzenlenmiş olan Claudiopolis Mozaiği’nde merkezdeki dairesel pano içerisinde bir leopar üzerine oturmuş olan genç Dionysos tasvir edilmiştir. Yarı çıplak durumda olan Dionysos’un başına sarmaşık yapraklarından oluşan bir çelenk yerleştirilmiştir. Sağ elinde bir thyrsos taşımaktadır. Merkezi dairesel panonun dört yanındaki yarım dairesel panolara yerleştirilen dört ayaklı hayvanlar ve içbükey kare panolara yerleştirilen kuşlar, dört mevsimi sembolize etmiştir. Merkezi dairesel panonun dört köşesindeki çeyrek dairesel panolara ise kraterler yerleştirilmiştir. Panoları geometrik ve bitkisel motiflerden oluşan bir bordür çevirmiştir. Claudiopolis Mozaiği’ndeki sahnenin diğer bölgelerde yer alan versiyonları ile ortak olan özellikleri onların aynı orijinalin kopyaları olduğuna işaret etmektedir.
Re-evaluation of the Mosaics of the Artemis Bath of Issos-Epiphaneia, Conservation and Exhibition Project
Authors: Tıbıkoğlu H. Onur , Özdilek Banu
Published: October 2024

In the ancient city of Issos Epiphaneia in Erzin, Hatay, there is a Roman bath. The bath was unearthed by the Hatay Archaeological Museum. After the excavations were completed, the Artemis mosaic found on the floor of the frigidarium was moved to the Hatay Archaeological Museum and exhibited in the Issos-Epiphaneia section in the Roman Bath animation. After more than 10 years following, the wooden protection roof, which was previously built temporarily, has completely lost its function and has become a threat to the building due to the collapse in some parts. In addition, the walls and some exposed equipment of the building are exposed to the destructive effects of climatic conditions. In this context, within the scope of the project, which primarily aims to build a protective roof for the protection of the building, a plan suitable for visits has also been made in order to bring the area to tourism. It aims to introduce the bath with all its values, especially with the Artemis Mosaic, which is very important in terms of archaeology. In this context, it is aimed to exhibit the mosaic in its original place in the building by making a replica of the mosaic with an application that has no previous example in mosaic art in Turkey.
Book Review - From Wilderness to Paradise: a Sixth-Century Mosaic Pavement at Qasr el Lebia in Cyrenaica, Libya
Authors: Maguire Henry
Published: October 2024

From Wilderness to Paradise: a Sixth-Century Mosaic Pavement at Qasr el Lebia in Cyrenaica, Libya, Jane Chick, 155 pages, 166 figures color & black and white, Archaeopress Publishing, Archaeopress Archaeology, Oxford, 2024, ISBN: 978-1-80327-730-1 (printed book), ISBN: 978-1-80327-731-8 (e-Pdf version).
TAX REFORM IN INDONESIA: THE TRANSFORMATION FROM DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF TAXES TO THE STATE REVENUE AGENCY
Authors: Sukarno Edy
Published: October 2024

Objective: This article is a critical review of tax reform in Indonesia which began in the early 1980s with various fundamental changes such as the formation of new laws, the start of the self-assessment tax collection system, organizational structure reform, modernization of the taxpayer service system. However, in reality, Indonesia's tax ratio, especially in the last 10 years, is still quite low compared to neighboring countries in ASEAN.
 
Theoretical Framework: Positive theoretical relationship between tax revenue, tax ratio, tax reform and agenda setting of the establishment of the State Revenue Agency which is directly responsible to the president. The agenda setting of this tax issue is to describe the issues that are considered necessary to be implemented.
 
Method: The research methodology used is a qualitative descriptive method. In conducting this study, researchers used primary data and secondary data. Primary data by interviewing several executive officials at the Directorate General of Taxes. While secondary data was obtained from the Annual Report, Performance Report and Financial Report of the Directorate General of Taxes during 2016 - 2023, scientific articles, books, information from the mass media or organizations (OECD, IMF, Asian Development Bank), and other relevant sources of information.
 
Results and Discussion: This research finds out that the trend of the tax ratio after several decades of tax reform in Indonesia has fluctuated and tends to far away from Indonesia's ideal tax ratio of 15%. Therefore, it is important for the government to critically focus on the formation of a state revenue agency that is directly responsible to the president after several decades of the state revenue agency being responsible to the Ministry of Finance.
 
Research Implications: It is recommended to implement a State Revenue Agency that is directly responsible to the president with a good governance concept to increase the tax ratio in Indonesia.
 
Originality/Value: The change of government of the elected President in October 2024 is the right momentum to realize the formation of a state revenue agency that is directly responsible to the President which aims to increase state revenue, which will have an impact on increasing Indonesia's tax ratio, this will have social and economic benefits. And can be a new milestone for Indonesia in order to increase the ability to mobilize state revenue sources and increase the state's ability to realize Indonesia's development in the future.
Me pēhea te hāpai i te hauora o ngā taiohi o Taranaki mā te mātauranga Māori?
How do effective mātauranga Māori initiatives for taiohi in
Taranaki contribute to their well-being?
Authors:   , Ngarewa Nicola
Published: October 2024

This research proposal aims to investigate the influence of effective mātauranga Māori initiatives on the well-being of taiohi (youth aged 16-24) in the region of Taranaki. Recognising the significance of Indigenous knowledge systems and cultural practices in nurturing the next generation, this study seeks to understand how these initiatives contribute to the overall wellbeing of taiohi. By exploring the specific components and approaches of mātauranga Māori initiatives, this research aims to shed light on their potential to empower taiohi, strengthen their cultural identity, and enhance their overall holistic development. The findings of this study will not only contribute to the existing body of knowledge on Indigenous education and well-being but also provide insights for educators, and community leaders in designing and implementing effective initiatives for taiohi in Taranaki.
Teste
Authors: Teste Autor
Published: October 2024

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On the Problem of Composite Beam Degradation under Longitudinal Bending and the Solution Method for Large Displacements
Authors: Kayumov R. A. , Mukhamedova I. Z. , Khaidarov L. I. , Tazyukov B. F.
Published: October 2024

Constitutive relations and a method for analyzing the behavior of fiberglass during longitudinal bending under the combined influence of force factors and an alkaline medium were proposed. Both natural and numerical experimental designs were outlined. A new approach to solving the problem of longitudinal bending of a fiberglass beam with initial failure was introduced, without involving geometrically nonlinear relations. This approach proved to be applicable when the resulting beam configuration is a flat curve. The results of numerical calculations were presented. In the first case, the beam with initial failure was studied using the new approach along with the finite element method (FEM). In the second case, for verification, the problem was solved in a geometrically nonlinear formulation. The results obtained showed a strong agreement.
Initial-Boundary Value Problem with Dirichlet and Wentzell Conditions for a Mildly Quasilinear Biwave Equation
Authors: Korzyuk V. I. , Rudzko J. V.
Published: October 2024

For a nonstrictly hyperbolic mildly quasilinear biwave equation in the first quadrant, an initial-boundary value problem with the Cauchy conditions specified on the spatial half-line and the Dirichlet and Wentzell conditions applied on the time half-line was examined. The solution was constructed in an implicit analytical form as a solution of some integro-differential equations. The solvability of these equations was investigated using the parameter continuation method. For the problem under study, the uniqueness of the solution was proved, and the conditions under which its classical solution exists were established. In the case when the data were not smooth enough, a mild solution was constructed.
Mathematical Modeling of the Dynamic Deformation of a Rod-Strip Fixed on a Double-Sided Support Element through Elastic Interlayers
Authors: Paimushin V. N. , Shishkin V. M. , Chumakova S. F.
Published: October 2024

The simplest transformation model of the dynamic deformation along the length of a rod-strip consisting of two segments was constructed. The model is based on the classical geometrically linear Kirchhoﬀ–Love model for the unﬁxed segment, while the ﬁxed segment of ﬁnite length is assumed to be connected to a rigid and immovable support element through elastic interlayers. On the ﬁxed segment, the deﬂections of the rod and interlayers were considered zero. For axial displacements within the thicknesses of the rod and interlayers, approximations were adopted according to S.P. Timoshenko’s shear model, subject to the conditions of continuity at the points where they connect to each other and immobility at the points where the interlayers connect to the support element. The conditions for kinematic coupling of the unﬁxed and ﬁxed segments of the rod were formulated. Taking them into account and using the D’Alembert–Lagrange variational principle, the equations of motion and boundary conditions for the considered segments were derived, and the conditions for force coupling of the segments were obtained. With the help of the derived equations, exact analytical solutions of the problems of free and forced harmonic vibrations of the rod of the studied type were found. These solutions were employed in the numerical experiments to determine the natural modes and frequencies of bending vibrations, as well as the dynamic response during the resonant vibrations of the rod-strip made of a unidirectional ﬁbrous composite based on ELUR-P carbon tape and XT-118 binder. The ﬁndings show a signiﬁcant transformation of transverse shear stresses when passing through the boundary from the unﬁxed segment of the rod to the ﬁxed one, as well as their pronounced localization in the region of the ﬁxed segment near this boundary.
ARCH-COMP 2024 Category Report: Falsification
Authors: Khandait Tanmay , Formica Federico , Arcaini Paolo , Chotaliya Surdeep , Fainekos Georgios , Hekal Abdelrahman , Kundu Atanu , Lew Ethan , Loreti Michele , Menghi Claudio , Nenzi Laura , Pedrielli Giulia , Peltomäki Jarkko , Porres Ivan , Ray Rajarshi , Soloviev Valentin , Visconti Ennio , Waga Masaki , Zhang Zhenya
Published: October 2024

This report presents the results from the falsification category of the 2024 competition in the Applied Verification for Continuous and Hybrid Systems (ARCH) workshop. The report summarizes the competition rules and settings, the benchmark models for the tool comparison, and provides background on the participating teams and tools. Finally, it presents and discusses the results of the competition.
MAKROEKONOMİK DEĞİŞKENLERİN EKONOMİK BÜYÜME ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: TÜRKİYE İÇİN AMPİRİK UYGULAMA
Authors: Beki Muhammet
Published: October 2024

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye ekonomisindeki seçili makroekonomik değişkenlerden, doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar, reel döviz kuru ile kamu harcamalarının büyüme üzerindeki önemi, 2010Q1-2023Q2 dönemlerini kapsayacak şekilde, çeyreklik veri kullanılarak değişkenler arasındaki ilişki çeşitli yöntemler ile araştırılmaktadır. Çalışma ile hedeflenen özellikle seçili makroekonomik değişkenlerin, sürdürülebilir ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkilerinin hangi boyutta olduğu ve bu etkinin dönemler arasında nasıl şekillendiğini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Analizde kullanılan veriler federal rezerv ekonomik veri (FRED) bankasından elde edilmektedir. Çalışmada öncelikle serilerin durağanlık özelliklerinin belirlenmesinde ADF ile yapısal değişim içeren Zivot-Andrews testleri, aralarındaki uzun dönemli ilişkide Gregory-Hansen (1996) eş bütünleşme analizi ile Tamamen Değiştirilmiş En Küçük Kareler Yöntemi (FMOLS), ardından seriler arasındaki nedenselliğin yönü ise Toda-Yamamoto testi ile analiz edilmektedir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, değişkenlerin yapısal kırılma ile durağan hale geldiği ve eşbütünleşme analizi ile değişkenlerin uzun dönemde birbirlerini etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmaktadır. Ayrıca GDP(gayri safi yurtiçi hasıla) ile FDI(doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar) ve RDK(reel döviz kuru) değişkenleri aralarında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir nedenselliğin varlığı, KAMUHRC(kamu harcamaları) değişkeni ile aralarında herhangi bir nedenselliğin olmadığı belirlenmektedir.
Safety evaluation of the food enzyme endonuclease from the non‐genetically modified Penicillium citrinum strain NP 11–15
Authors:   EFSA Panel on Food Enzymes (FEZ), Zorn Holger , Barat Baviera José Manuel , Bolognesi Claudia , Catania Francesco , Gadermaier Gabriele , Greiner Ralf , Mayo Baltasar , Mortensen Alicja , Roos Yrjö Henrik , Solano Marize L. M. , Sramkova Monika , Van Loveren Henk , Vernis Laurence , Andryszkiewicz Magdalena , Cavanna Daniele , Criado Ana , Lunardi Simone , Liu Yi
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The food enzyme endonuclease (Aspergillus nuclease S1; EC 3.1.30.1) is produced with the non‐genetically modified Penicillium citrinum strain NP 11–15 by Shin Nihon Chemical Co., Ltd. The food enzyme is free from viable cells of the production organism. It is intended to be used in the processing of yeast and yeast products. Dietary exposure to the food enzyme–total organic solids (TOS) was estimated to be up to 0.006 mg TOS/kg body weight (bw) per day in European populations. Genotoxicity tests did not indicate a safety concern. The systemic toxicity was assessed by means of a repeated dose 90‐day oral toxicity study in rats. The Panel identified a no observed adverse effect level of 1010 mg TOS/kg bw per day, the highest dose tested, which when compared with the estimated dietary exposure, resulted in a margin of exposure of at least 168,333. A search for homology of the amino acid sequence of the food enzyme to known allergens was made and no match was found. The Panel considered that the risk of allergic reactions by dietary exposure cannot be excluded, especially for individuals allergic to Penicillium. However, the likelihood of such reactions will not exceed the likelihood of allergic reactions to Penicillium. Based on the data provided, the Panel concluded that this food enzyme does not give rise to safety concerns under the intended conditions of use.
Process for Developing an Inclusive Behavioral Health Survey with Blind and Low Vision Adults
Authors: Heydarian Nazanin M. , Hughes Allyson S. , Morera Osvaldo F. , Heydarian Carmel H. , Castro Yessenia , Frankowski Scott D.
Published: October 2024

One in six individuals in the world are disabled; yet, modern survey science lacks a framework of inclusion for individuals with disabilities. For this reason, the behavioral health knowledge base is limited in generalizability and exacerbates health disparities. The purpose of this article is to report the iterative and community-engaged process underwent to facilitate an accessible research participation experience for Blind or low vision (BLV) participants. The authors highlight tips for engaging the community learned throughout the project. Pilot research, focus group discussions (Study 1), and a survey (Study 2) engaged BLV adults and solicited their feedback on the format and accessibility of the research procedures of a healthcare quality scale development project. The focus group discussion participants reported benefits from participation, including enjoyment from participation and knowledge sharing. The survey participants commented on the degree that study measures reflected community members’ experiences and provided feedback on study materials and format. Methods from our studies easily can be adopted into most research designs, can increase the participation of disabled persons, can improve validity and generalizability, and can reduce health disparities.
SPRING MIGRATION OF BIRDS IN THE SOUTH OF CRIMEA
Authors: Beskaravaynyy M.
Published: October 2024

Data on the taxonomic and ecological composition, biotopic distribution, number and duration of stay of spring-migratory birds in the south of Crimea, intra-seasonal dynamics and long-term changes in the migration complex are presented. 193 species of birds from 18 orders were registered: Passeriformes (67 species) and Charadriiformes (48) are in the lead, significant proportions belong to Anseriformes, Ciconiiformes, Falconiformes and Gruiformes (10–18). The presence of species from four ecological groups are established: limnophiles (103), dendrophiles (51), campophiles (25) and sclerophiles (14). The marine and coastal migration complex includes about 85 limnophilic species: Gavia arctica, Podiceps cristatus, Phalacrocorax carbo, Thalasseus sandvicensis, some gulls and ducks are numerous. Significant accumulations of Anatidae, Rallidae, Ardeidae, Charadrii and some Passeriformes are noted in inland reservoirs. 97 species are associated with terrestrial habitats, mainly dendrophiles (49 species), a considerable part of the migration complex of open habitats are campophiles and sclerophiles. The duration of the migration period is about 4 months (mid–February – early June), the predominant direction of flight is north–east, according to the orientation of the coastline. The increase in the diversity of avifauna in Crimea during the second half of the 20th and early 21st centuries, as a consequence of increased water availability in the region and the expansion of some species’ ranges, resulted in the emergence and/or increase in numbers of at least 23 species of spring migrants in the southern part of the peninsula.
Comparison of Post-Operative Outcome with and without Application of ERAS Protocols in Patients of Acute Appendicitis
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Saleem , Sajid Rashid  , Choudry Zafar Ali , Israr Ahmad Khan  , Sajid Rehman Randhawa  , Muhammad Habib Ur Rahman
Published: October 2024

Background: The application of ERAS allows for a multidisciplinary and multimodal approach to perioperative care which not only expedites recovery but maximizes patient outcomes. Objective: Comparison of post-operative outcome with and without application of ERAS protocols in patients of acute appendicitis. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Settings: Surgical Emergency, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad Pakistan. Duration: 01-05-2023 to 31-12-2023. Methods: 160 patients were included with non-probability consecutive sampling technique. All data was recorded in a predesigned proforma. Results: In our studies mean of Pain score in Group A was 2.45 (Sd-0.53) after 4 hrs.,2.25 (sd-0.43) after 08 hrs,1.66(sd-0.52) after 12 hrs,1.08 (sd-0.28) after 24 hrs. Mean of pain score in Group B was 3.42 (Sd-0.56) after 4 hrs., 3.03(sd-0.29) after 08 hrs., 2.77(sd-0.44) after 12 hrs., 2.20(sd-0.40) after 24 hrs. Mean of Activity score in Group A was 1.41 (Sd-0.58) after 4 hrs.,2.17(sd-0.59) after 08 hrs,2.75(sd-0.56) after 12 hrs,3.68 (sd-0.49) after 24 hrs. Mean of activity score in Group B was 0.08 (Sd-0.28) after 4 hrs., 0.86(sd-0.47) after 08 hrs., 1.62(sd-0.48) after 12 hrs., 2.25(sd-0.46) after 24 hrs. In Group A mean of rescue analgesia needed postoperatively is 0.17 (0.44) and in Group B, the mean is 2.22(sd-0.67). Conclusion: Patients who underwent appendicectomy with ERAS protocols had less pain postoperatively, were mobile and able to perform routine activity earlier, had less need of rescue analgesia postoperatively, were oral-free earlier, less incidence of surgical site infection and were discharged from the hospital earlier
Comparative Analysis of Serum Magnesium Levels in Alcoholic and Non-Alcoholic Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Kiran Waheed  , Syed Farhan ud Din  , Habib-Ur-Rehman Chohan  , Zain-ul-abdeen Syed , Jamshed Warsi  , Suhag Ahmed Hussain
Published: October 2024

Background: It is estimated that 343 million people throughout the world are suffering from type 2 Diabetes mellitus. Alcohol use produces decreased serum magnesium levels in diabetes patients, so a vicious cycle is initiated in diabetes patient. Objective: The aim of this study was to find out the effect of alcoholism on serum magnesium levels in diabetic type 2 patients. Study Design: It was a cross-sectional study. Settings: It was conducted in the Physiology Department of Sindh University Jamshoro in association with the Diabetic OPD of Liaquat University Hospital, Pakistan. Duration: From January 2022 to April 2022 (3 months). Methods: The sample size was comprised of 220 patients who were divided into two groups. The control group consisted of 140 Type 2 diabetic patients with no history of alcoholism, and the test group consisted of 80 diabetic Type 2 patients with alcoholism. A Roche C3-11 auto analyser was used to estimate the serum magnesium level. Blood sugar was calculated by a Care Sens N Glucometer Model No. GM 505 Pad. Results: Those who were suffering from diabetes mellitus and were alcoholics were significantly more suffering from hypomagnesaemia (P value 0.0002, odds ratio = 3.9, likelihood ratio = 1.81) and Obesity (p = 0.040). Conclusion: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who are addicted to alcohol have a higher chance of having hypomagnesemia.
Association of Achilles Tendinitis and Tendinopathy with Knee Osteoarthritis among Older Adults
Authors: Zulfqar Rubina , Maryam Saleem  , Samia Rasool  , Zaheer Fatima , Nisar Fatima  , Lieza Iftikhar
Published: October 2024

Background: Achilles tendon is a band of connective tissue, in some cases due to overuse activity, tendon may inflame which causes pain and irritation. Achilles tendinitis and tendinopathy is common in osteoarthritis because calf muscles become weak due to additional support they are providing to inflamed joint. Objective: The objective was to determine the prevalence and association of achilles tendinopathy and tendinitis in patients with knee osteoarthritis among older adults. Study Design: Cross sectional survey. Settings: Allied Hospital, District Headquarter Hospital, Madinah Teaching Hospital Faisalabad and Tehsil Headquarter Jaranwala Pakistan. Duration: February to June 2023. Methods: Study was conducted on 80 diagnosed knee osteoarthritic participants and onetime data was collected analyzed to check the association of Achilles tendinitis and tendinopathy with knee osteoarthritis among older adults. Data was assessed by using the VISA-A questionnaire to rule out the pain and functional limitations and Thompson test to evaluate the association of Achilles tendinopathy. Results: Descriptive statistics and frequency distribution was used for the demographic data. Correlation test was applied to analyze the association between Achilles tendinopathy and knee osteoarthritis. It showed that 16 out of 80 patients have Achilles tendinitis and tendinopathy when Thompson test was performed. Change in gait cycle, Pain and functional limitations were present in most patient according to score of visa-a questionnaire. Conclusion: The study revealed that there is no association between knee osteoarthritis and Achilles tendinopathy but association present on the basis of visa-a questionnaire.
Cause-Specific Mortality Pattern Variation of Unnatural Deaths; A Comparative Demographic Study in the settings of South Punjab
Authors: Ummara Munir  , Qurrat Ul Ain Kamran  , Abdul Samad  , Naima Anwar  , Nadia Aslam  , Nighat Noreen
Published: October 2024

Objective: To examine the demographic profile of unnatural deaths, in order to explore variation over time, in cause-specific mortality patterns of unnatural deaths, in South Punjab.Study Design: Cross sectional (descriptive) study. Settings: Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Sheikh Zayed Medical College, Rahim Yar Khan Pakistan. Duration: Six years, (1st January, 2015 to 31st December, 2017) and (1st January, 2021 to 31st December, 2023). Methods: Non-probability convenient sampling technique. Data from 2015 to 2017 taken as group A, while 2021 to 2023, as group B. Information collected from police papers, hospital record & autopsy reports entered on pre-designed performa. Statistical analysis is done by SPSS version 26. Results: Male victims were 79.71% in group A and, 72.57% in B as compared to 20.29% and 27.43% females respectively in group A and B. The age range of 21–30 year was common among victims in both groups. Accidents ratios decrease from 26.09% to 8.85% in recent times. The incidence of deaths due to sharp weapon risen to 12.39% as compared to 2.17% while the blunt weapon cases increased (17.70%) from (2.90%). Conclusion: Males are commonest victims of unnatural deaths across both groups but with a noticeable rise in ratio of females in B. Prevalent manner of death is homicidal. Common cause of death is firearm in group A, shifted to sharp edged weapons in B. A raise in sharp & blunt weapon cases needs coining preventive strategies.
Antibiogram of Pathogens Isolated from Surgical Site Infections at a Tertiary Care Hospital, Rawalpindi
Authors: Mussarat Uzma , Taj Shazia , Sumayya Mehbub Malik  , Namrah Ayaz  , Niazi Manahil , Nadia Zuhair
Published: October 2024

Background: Surgical site infections are the most commonly reported healthcare-associated infections. However, in developing nations, data regarding the antibiogram of pathogens isolated from these infections are scarce. Objective: This study aimed to assess the bacterial profile and antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates from surgical site infections in post-operative patients at a tertiary care hospital in Rawalpindi. Study Design: Retrospective observational study. Settings: Department of Microbiology, Pakistan Railway hospital (PRH), Rawalpindi Pakistan. Duration: January 2021 to December 2021. Methods: All specimens (301) with positive cultures were recruited from surgical wards. Following standard procedures, specimens were cultured; and data were retrieved from the hospital database. Pathogens were identified using laboratory techniques including Gram staining and biochemical tests, and the antibiotic sensitivity patterns were recorded. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed according to the protocols of the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute CLSI, using the modified disk diffusion method. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 24.0. Results: A total of 1128 patient samples were found to be culture positive in study period, out of them 301 (27%) patients samples were with surgical site infections, cultures comprised both gram-positive (33%) and gram-negative organisms (65%), with a small portion (1-2%) of mixed microbial growth. Escherichia coli was the most prevalent gram-negative species 105(34.88%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae 63(21%). Appreciable resistance was observed against Penicillin, Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone, and Carbapenems. Conclusion: Various gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, such as E. coli, Klebsiella, Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, and Pseudomonas, are commonly found in surgical site infections. No antibiotics were universally effective; however, Penicillin, Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime, and Quinolone resistance was observed.
Role of Calcium in Mental Development and Intelligence of School-Aged Children of District Hyderabad, Sindh
Authors: Aneeb Mengal  , Shanza  , Asma Ansari  , Maqbool Ahmed Mangi  , Memon Salma Farukh , Shaikh Shakil Ahmed
Published: October 2024

Background: Calcium ions are essential regulators of a variety of neuronal activities that take place in the nervous system. “These neuronal activities include the formation and maturation of neural circuits, as well as long-term memory. However, Calcium ions are also important in the early stages of neurogenesis. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the impact that calcium on the mental development of school-aged children. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Settings: The study was conducted in different government schools in Qasimabad, Hyderabad Pakistan. Duration: October 2021 to March 2022. Methods: Informed consent was obtained before the enrolment of participants, 121 children were recruited. A structured questionnaire was formed for the assessment, and a blood sample of five milliliters was drawn for the laboratory's investigation of serum calcium. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0, and a P-value of less than 0.05 was set to be statistically significant. Results: In this study, the mean age of all participants was 11 ±2.296 years, serum calcium was 9.12 ± 4.21mg/dl, and the FSIQ score was 91 ± 11.3. In this study, serum calcium was related to the development of IQ. Conclusion: This study concluded that an increase in serum calcium levels may lead to an increase in FSIQ levels and vice versa. As a result, one may conclude that the mental development of children is contingent on the quantities of calcium in their blood.
Unusual Presentation of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome Induced by Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole: A Case Report
Authors: Mohammad Ali  , Viqar Urbah
Published: October 2024

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is a severe and potentially life-threatening adverse drug reaction characterized by mucocutaneous lesions. Here, I present a unique case of SJS induced by trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) with an unusual clinical presentation. A 45-year-old female patient with a history of urinary tract infection presented with the development of widespread erythematous macules and papules, progressing to blisters and erosions involving the oral mucosa. The patient's condition rapidly deteriorated, necessitating intensive care management. The temporal association between TMP-SMX initiation and the onset of symptoms, the characteristic clinical and histopathological findings supported the diagnosis of SJS. Prompt withdrawal of the offending drug, supportive care, and multidisciplinary management resulted in a favorable outcome for the patient.
A Study of Various Factors Associated with Placenta Previa in Previous Non-Scar Uterus
Authors: Hijaz Sara , Noor-e-Mubeen  , Sara Jamil Khan  , Rabia Sadozai  , Ayesha Nasir  , Sarwat Noreen
Published: October 2024

Background: Placental tissue is abnormally near the internal cervical os during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy significant risks of morbidity and mortality associated with illness for both the mother and the fetus. Effective counseling, close monitoring, early detection, and timely intervention are required. Objective: To determine the frequency of placenta previa in patients with previous non-scar uteruses. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Settings: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar Pakistan. Duration: One-year of period (March 2022-March 2023). Methods: A total of 331 women between the ages of 20 and 40 were recruited for this study; these included singleton pregnancies, women with placenta previa in both scarred and non-scarred uteri, and women whose gestational ages were 28 weeks or older. SPSS version 20 was used, with a p-value of less than 0.05 regarded as statistically significant. Results: Of the 331 patients, with a mean age of 32.67 years, 17 (5%) were diagnosed with placenta previa. About 67% were multipara, and 65% were multigravida. No significant association was found between placenta previa and maternal age (p=0.9745), parity (p=0.8314), gravida status (p=0.9823), or history of cesarean sections (p=0.8216). Conclusion: It is concluded that there is a 5% prevalence of placenta previa in patients with a previous non-scarred uterus. Effective management of this condition, which can lead to severe complications, requires a multidisciplinary approach.
A STUDY ON AGILE PROJECT MANAGEMENT IN IT: CHALLENGES AND BEST PRACTICES
Authors: Maharao Calvina Suhas
Published: October 2024

Agile project management has become a predominant methodology in information technology (IT) due to its adaptability, focus on customer satisfaction, and iterative development. However, while Agile offers substantial benefits in handling complex and dynamic IT projects, it also presents several challenges. This study explores the application of Agile Project Management (APM) in Information Technology (IT) and examines the key challenges organizations encounter when adopting Agile methodologies. Agile, widely recognized for its iterative approach and emphasis on collaboration, presents both significant opportunities and obstacles in the fast-paced IT industry. The study further delves into Agile best practices that can mitigate these challenges, such as promoting continuous learning, fostering strong team collaboration, and leveraging frameworks like Scrum and Kanban to streamline workflows. Emphasizing regular feedback loops and customer involvement is also highlighted as a critical practice for successful Agile implementation. Through detailed case studies of organizations that have successfully optimized Agile for IT project execution, the study provides valuable insights into practical approaches, tools, and techniques that lead to successful outcomes. By combining theory and real-world application, this research offers a comprehensive guide for IT organizations aiming to enhance their Agile adoption, improve project delivery, and achieve long-term success in a dynamic, competitive market.
The Changing Role of Leaders in Chinese Foreign Policy Making Process
Authors: Akdağ Zekeriyya
Published: October 2024

China has experienced a long period of rapid economic development. As a result, China has become one of the world's most important economic actors. The transformations China has experienced have made the foreign policy-making process quite complex. In the Chinese political system, leaders have always played a critical role in foreign policy making. However, the role of the leader has become more important since Xi Jinping came to power. This article mainly examines how Chinese leaders, and Xi Jinping in particular, play a role in foreign policy making. This study basically seeks to answer the question to what extent Chinese leaders have power and influence in foreign policy making. China's current economic and political structure does not allow leaders to come to power who would cause major upheavals in the overall direction of the country. This study basically argues that no matter how powerful they try to be, Chinese leaders have limited power and influence in foreign policy making. This study is based on constructivism’s analysis of the agent-structure problem.
PROTEINS TIMP-2, IRISIN AND SITUATION WITH HEMOSTASIS, LIPID METABOLISM AND SEX HORMONES IN FEMALE CARDIOVASCULAR PATIENTS
Authors: Guseva E. , Kuznik B. , Lareva N. , Smolyakov Y. , Chalisova N.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The study of the level of the so-called «youth proteins» TIMP-2 and irisin in diseases of the cardiovascular system is not only of theoretical interest, but also of practical importance, as it outlines new ways to treat these diseases. Purpose of study was to summarize the literature data and also the authors presentation of proper results of a study of the changes in TIMP-2 and irisin levels and their relation to the indicators of the cardiovascular system activity, lipid metabolism, hemostasis system and sex hormones level in female hypertensive patients (HP). Material and methods. The investigation was in women group treated with drugs (HP-1) and in women group systematically taking, over several years, at least 3 courses of kinesiotherapy (HP-2). Relatively healthy women of the same age served as the control group. Results. TIMP-2 level was found to increase in the GB-1 group and to return to normal in the GB-2 group. Similar data were obtained for other cardiovascular diseases as well. Irisin concentration in HP-1 and HP-2 patients does not change in comparison to the control group. Conclusion. Literature data on irisin content in case of cardiovascular diseases are contradictory. However the authors of this study found the relationships in the control group, in HP-1 and HP-2 patients, between the levels of TIMP-2 and irisin, on the one hand, and cardiovascular system functions, as well as values of lipid spectrum, hemostasis, and sex hormones, on the other.
CONNEXINS: ROLE IN INTERCELLULAR INTERACTIONS IN NORMAL AND IN PATHOLOGY OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Authors: Zubareva T. , Koroleva V. , Zubareva A. , Krylova Yu. , Mironova E. , Yablonsky P.
Published: October 2024

Relevance. The review is devoted to the analysis of modern ideas about the functional role of connexins in intercellular interactions, their participation in maintaining cellular and tissue homeostasis and in the pathogenesis of diseases of the respiratory system. The possibility of considering connexins as potential targets for targeted therapy is discussed. The purpose of the study was to consider possible molecular mechanisms of intercellular interactions through gap channels formed by connexins and ways to regulate their work. Material and methods: analysis and systematization of scientific literature over the past 15 years was carried out in the PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases. Results. Particular attention in the review is paid to the participation of connexins in gap junctions and hemichannels in the processes of transport of calcium ions, metabolite molecules, ATP and mitochondria across the cell membrane. Disturbances in the regulation of these processes of intercellular interactions make a significant contribution to the pathogenesis of many diseases, in particular diseases of the respiratory system. Deepening the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of the work of various connexins in gap channels will provide an opportunity for the promising development of therapeutic approaches using blocking or stimulating the activity of a specific connexin, taking into account its critical functions in the implementation of intercellular interactions in general.
EXPRESSION OF KISSPEPTIN IN LUNG CARCINOMA AS AN INDICATOR OF TUMOR PROGRESSION
Authors: Ngoc Hop Do , Mironova E. , Kvetnoy I. , Dokhov M. , Paltsev M.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Lung carcinoma is one of the most common cancers and the most likely cause of cancer mortality in the world. The use of the IHC method to determine the immunophenotype of tumor cells greatly facilitates the differential diagnostic search, allows us to identify the pathogenetic mechanisms of tumor progression and molecular targets for the selection of modern and most effective therapy. The KISS1/KISS1R signaling system can serve as a regulator of tumor metastasis and is a potential prognostic marker of tumor processes. In this regard, the relevance of the chosen research topic is to conduct an in-depth study of kisspeptin expression in lung carcinomas to assess the diagnostic and prognostic value of kisspeptins during tumor growth. The purpose of the study was to determine the prognostic value of kisspeptin in lung carcinomas of varying degrees of differentiation. Methods. The material for the study was samples of lung tumors (adenocarcinoma). On fixed tissue, the relative area of KISS1 expression was measured, which was determined by immunohistochemistry. Results. The second degree of tumor differentiation occurred at older ages. A relationship has been established between the degree of tumor differentiation and the relative area of kisspeptin expression. A monotonous increase in the relative area of kisspeptin expression was revealed during the transition from a low to a high degree of differentiation. The relationship between metastasis and the relative area of kisspeptin expression was determined. It has been confirmed that secondary changes (inflammation, hemorrhage and necrosis) occur statistically significantly more often with lymphovascular invasion. Conclusion. The results obtained are the basis for creating an algorithm for using indicators of kisspeptin-1 expression in lung carcinomas as markers for assessing its progression.
APOIO TECNOLÓGICO NAS VIVÊNCIAS DAS PROFESSORAS DURANTE O ENSINO REMOTO
Authors: Campos Denise da Silva , Santos Ana Luisa , Prado Thamires de Melo
Published: October 2024

Durante o convívio remoto, a nova organização do trabalho exigiu de
muitos o contato com ferramentas pouco exploradas anteriormente, como o Google
Meet, Google Docs, editores de vídeos, dentre outros.