bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Displacement of Morphological Characters of Barbodes gonionotus at Serpeng Cave Lake, Gunungkidul
Authors: BUDIHARJO AGUNG
Published: July 2014

Serpeng cave lake is located inside a cave that is isolated from any waters outside the cave, and the lake is located about 96 meters down under the ground surface. The isolated waters in the lake have also resulted in the isolation of the fishes from any other fish populations outside the cave. The objective of the study was to know how the displacement of morphological character occurred on a group of fish suspected belong to Barbodes gonionotus lived in Serpeng lake based on the observation of morphological characters of the fish. The Barbodes gonionotus from Kalisuci river and a well at Serpeng village was used as a comparison. The morphological characters observed were morphometric, meristic, color of scale, and number of vertebrae. The parameters of the water environment were also measured. The morphological characters from the three populations of fish were compared. The correlationcoefficient of the morphologic data was measured, and grouping analysis was also applied for data. There was not any obvious differences observed between fishes from Kalisuci river and well at Serpeng village, on the other hand, the differences were obviously observed for the fish from the lake compared to the fishes from the river and well. The differences were evident from all characters observed. The grouping analysis indicated that the fish population suspected to be Barbodes gonionotus from the lake was separated from the same species of the river and well, while the distinct features were not observed between both fishes from the river and well. Based on the basic charactersand observed morphological characters of Barbodes gonionotus suggest that the speciation of the fish to the subspecies taxonomic level has occurred.Â© 2001 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: cave, geographic isolation, speciation, morphological character
Source of contaminant microorganisms in in vitro culture at Sub lab. Biology, Central Laboratory of Mathematics and Sciences, Sebelas Maret University
Authors: SUSILOWATI ARI , LISTYAWATI SHANTI
Published: July 2014

The objectives of the research were to know the species and the most dominant microorganisms that become a source of contamination in in vitro culture at Sub lab Biology, central laboratory of Sebelas Maret University. As in many general laboratory, there were many microorganisms that able to contaminate in vitro culture coming from air, dusts, or from the contaminated experimental materials such as plants or fruits. A qualitative descriptive method was used in the research, involving many steps of making pure culture and identification of microorganisms macroscopically or microscopically. In the research found six microorganisms potentially contaminate in vitro culture, that are generally from groups of fungi (mold), such as Mucor, Rhizopus, Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Dictyostelium and Saccharomyces. Mucor and Rhizopus were the most contaminants present in all contaminated in vitro culture.Â© 2001 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey Words: in vitro culture, contamination, fungi
REVIEW: The Diversity of Indigenous Honey Bee Species of Indonesia
Authors: HADISOESILO SOESILAWATI
Published: July 2014

It has been known that Indonesia has the most diverse honey bee species in the world. At least five out of nine species of honey bees are native to Indonesia namely Apis andreniformis, A. dorsata, A. cerana, A. koschevnikovi, and A. nigrocincta. One species, A. florea, although it was claimed to be a species native to Indonesia, it is still debatable whether it is really found in Indonesia or not. The new species, A. nuluensis, which is found in Sabah, Borneo is likely to be found in Kalimantan but it has not confirmed yet. This paper discusses briefly the differencesamong those native honey bees.Â© 2001 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNSKeywords: diversity, indigenous, honey bee, Indonesia
A Study of the Epiphytic Orchids in Jobolarangan Forest
Authors: MARSUSI MARSUSI , MUKTI CAHYANTO , SETIAWAN YUDI , KHOLIDAH SITI , VIVIATI ADIANI
Published: July 2014

The objective of the research was to know the species of epiphytic orchids in Jobolarangan forest. The orchid samples were taken from all stand-plants. The plants were chosen randomly by considering the diversity and richness of orchids that attach on it. Each plant was sampled in three repetitions. Sampling of orchids existence in the plantâ€™s stand were done using transect method through a zonation system. In this research 11 epiphyticorchids such as Bulbophyllum bakhuizenii Stenn, Coelogyne miniata Lindl, Coelogyne rochussenii de Vr.,Dendrobium bigibbum Lindl., Dendrobchilum longifolium, Eria bogoriensis, J.J.S. Liparis caespitosa (Thou.) Lindl., Liparis pallida (Bl.). Pholidota globosa (Bl.) Lindl., Polystachya flavescens (Bl.) J.J.S., and Trichoglottis sp. were found. The host plant stand that was attached with most orchids was Schefflera fastigiata and Saurauia bracteosa, generally in zone three.Â© 2001 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: epiphytic orchids, host plants, diversity.
Identification and characterisation of the polymorphic growth hormone gene of the Bali cattle, the Madura cattle and Ongole cattle
Authors: SUTARNO SUTARNO , JUNAIDI ARIS , PURWOKO AGUS , LELANA NEO INDRA
Published: July 2014

A total of 150 cattle consisting of 3 breeds (Bali, Madura and Ongole) of Indonesian native cattle were used in this study. The aims of the study were to identify and characterize polymorphisms in the growth hormone loci of those breeds of cattle. The genomic DNA was extracted using Wizard genomic DNA purification system from Promega. Two fragments of growth hormone gene were amplified using PCR and continued with RFLP using restriction enzymes of AluI and MspI. Polymorphisms were found at both loci of GH-L1 and GH-L2 of the growth hormone gene by PCRRFLP analysis in all breeds of those cattle.Â© 2002 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKeywords: PCR-RFLP, growth hormone gene, polymorphism, Indonesian local cattle.
Determination of distribution pattern, association, and interaction of plant species particularly the grassland in Baluran National Park, East Java
Authors: DJUFRI DJUFRI
Published: July 2014

The objectives of the research were : (1) to determine the distribution pattern, association, and interaction of plant species, (2) to determine the relationship between life form and the distribution pattern of species, and (3) to comparethe association chance of distribution patterns. Quadrate method was used in this project. Determination of speciesdistribution pattern was calculated using Poisson Distribution formula, and the determination of association was calculated using Contingency Table. The result indicated that: (1) The species richness were dominated by grasses, reaching 42.42%. Of the 33 observed species, 21 of them were in a clumped distribution, 7 species in a regular, and 5 species were at random pattern. (2) There are relationship between life form and the distribution of the plant species. The multi-plants tend to have a clumped distribution pattern, and single plant tend to have a regular or random distribution pattern. (3) The species of clumped distribution tend to have negative association to the species which of regular and random distribution pattern. However among the species which had the regular distribution pattern tend to have positive association. (4) The calculated results of the interaction more supported the individualistic concept of the plant association than community as an integrated unit.Â© 2002 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: distribution pattern, association, interaction, grassland, Baluran National Park
Selection and potential aquaculture of â€œwaderâ€ fish of the Genus Rasbora
Authors: BUDIHARJO AGUNG
Published: July 2014

â€œWaderâ€ fish is one of the local Indonesian wild fish that not cultured yet. This fish have amount of species, included Genus Rasbora. The aim of this research was to known the â€œwaderâ€ fish diversity of Genus Rasbora that potentially to aquaculture. The research conducted in 10 weeks to three species, namely R. lateristriata, R. aprotaenia, and R. argyrotaenia. The research was designed in two treatments, namely giving pellet and non-giving pellet. The growth data was measured every week. The result indicated that pellet could increase size and growth of the fish. R. argyrotaenia had bigger size and faster growth than R. lateristriata and R. aprotaenia. The optimum growth of R. argyrotaenia occured at third to sixth weeks, and it got maximum size at seventh week. So it was suitable toaquaculture.Â© 2002 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: selection, potential aquaculture, Rasbora, R. lateristriata, R. aprotaenia, R. argyrotaenia.
R E V I E W: Citanduy river diversion, advantages and disadvantages plan to conserve mangrove ecosystem in Segara Anakan
Authors: WINARNO KUSUMO , SETYAWAN AHMAD DWI
Published: July 2014

Mangrove ecosystem at Segara Anakan lagoon, Cilacap having specific characteristics so that in developing this areashould consider the conservation aspect. This area is the widest conserved-mangrove ecosystem at Java, and the placefor breeding of many species of fish, crustacean and others. Thousand families of fisheries were supported both direct andindirectly from this ecosystem. However, along with the development activities in the watershed of Citanduy,Cimeneng/Cikonde and other rivers connected to the area has brought about the increase of sediment, and threaten theexistence of the lagoon and surrounding mangrove ecosystem. Diversion of Citanduy river, dredging sediment, and reboisation of the watershed river was a preference of conserving the ecosystem, however, the diversion could be forming a new ecosystem, that actually threat the fisheries and tourism activities at Pangandaran, Ciamis.Â© 2003 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: mangrove, Citanduy river, Segara Anakan lagoon, sedimentation, diversion
Genetic variation of Anggoli fish (Pristipomoides multidens) based on allozyme patterns
Authors: WIGATI ENDANG , SUTARNO SUTARNO , HARYANTI HARYANTI
Published: July 2014

The objectives of the research were to study the genetic variation and allozyme band pattern of Pristipomoides multidens from several locations of Indonesian sea based on the pattern of allozyme. Samples of the fish were collected from three geographically different water areas of Bali, Sumbawa and Moluccas. Ten different enzymes, ADH, MDH, LDH, Î±-GPD,PGM, GPI, IDH, ME, EST and SP were used in this study. Polymorphic loci of genetic variation were in line with the Hardy-Weinbergâ€™s equilibrium. The genetic variation was calculated based on the proportion of polymorphic loci, frequency ofallele, amount of allele per locus, and heterozygosity. The results of this research indicate that from the 10 differentenzymes, 16 loci were detected, and 3 of them were polymorphic (PGM-1, GPI-1 and EST). Population of Moluccas has 2 polymorphic loci (PGM-1 and GPI-1) by proportion of 13%, however, population from Bali and Sumbawa has only 1polymorphic locus (EST-1) with the value of 6%. The allelic number per locus was 1.06 â€“ 1.125, while the observedheterozygosity (D) of the populations was 0.005. The fish population of Moluccas is having better genetic variation than that of population from Bali and Sumbawa. The genetic distance between populations was between 0.002 â€“ 0.005. The closestgenetic distance is between Bali and Sumbawa (D = 0,002), while the longest genetic distance was resulted betweenpopulations of Sumbawa and Moluccas (D = 0.005). Based on the UPGMA cluster analysis for the genetic distances,indicated that there was 2 main geographic groups, (1) Moluccas, and (2) Bali and Sumbawa as single population.Â© 2003 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: allozyme, genetic variation, Pristipomoides multidens.
Biodiversity of aerobic heterotrophic bacteria from Baron beach, Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta
Authors: IRIANTO AGUS , HENDRATI PANCRASIA MARIA
Published: July 2014

Baron beach is a specific habitat due its characteristic as a narrow beach with outlet of sub-surface rivers. This researchhad been done in order to know its microbial characteristic. Research used survey method and bacterial identification wasdone based on comparative description. The research showed that during high tide of seawater, the total bacterial countwas 1.0 to 6.0 x 107 cfu/ml on NA and 2.0 to 7.0 x 107 cfu/ml on NA+0.5% NaCl. Furthermore, during the low tide of seawater, the total bacterial count was 1.4 to 8.8 x 108 cfu/ml on NA, and 3.2 to 9.0 106 cfu/ml on NA+0,5% NaCl. This studyfound 14 genera of bacteria and dominated by Gram-negative bacteria. The result indicated seawater influenced thenumber of bacteria present in this environment.Â© 2003 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: bacteria, aerobic-heterotrophic, Baron
Phenetic relationship of Genus Knema, Horsfieldia, and Myristica in Java based on pollen morphological evidence
Authors: ARRIJANI ARRIJANI
Published: July 2014

The main purposes of the research were to support taxonomic evidence data in particular of palinology spesies classified inMyristicaceae family at Java and determine phenetic relationship as an effort of increasing objectivity and repeatability of classification result. Pollen was collected in Herbarium Bogoriense and Bogor Botanical Garden, and prepared for light and Scanning Electron Microscope. Acetolysis method was used for light microscopy of the pollen preparation, and coating with gold was prepared for SEM. Phenetic relationship determined using coefficients of correlation and association.Â© 2003 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: phenetic relationship, pollen morphology, Knema, Horfieldia, and Myristica.
Habitat distribution and diversity of forest plant as feed resources of mouse deer (Tragulus javanicus) and barking deer (Muntiacus muntjak) in Nature Preserve of west and east Nusakambangan
Authors: FARIDA WARTIKA ROSA , SETYORINI LILY ENDANG , SUMAATMADJA GOZALI
Published: July 2014

The objectives of the research were to study on habitat distribution and the diversity of forest plants as feed resources of mouse deer (Tragulus javanicus) and barking deer (Muntiacus muntjak) was conducted in Nature Preserve ofNusakambangan. Preferred Habitat of mouse deer is the dense of bushes with many fallen dry leaves which seemingly theyuse for their mattress cover as well as the places with bush dense of zalacca palm and generally not far from the river.While the barking deer prefers the dense of bushes on the edges of forest with coarse grass grow there. Forest plants asfeed resources for mouse deer and barking deer found in this research consist of 34 species grouped in 21 families.Â© 2003 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words : habitat, feed plant, Tragulus javanicus, Muntiacus muntjak.
R E V I E W: Mangrove ecosystem in Java: 1. recent status
Authors: SETYAWAN AHMAD DWI , WINARNO KUSUMO , PURNAMA PURIN CANDRA
Published: July 2014

Mangrove ecosystem is a specific ecosystem that only take about 2% of total land in the earth. Indonesian mangroveecosystem is the widest in the world and as a center of distributioan and ecosystem biodiversity, however it undergoesrapid and dramatic destruction. In just 11 years, between 1982-1993, more than 50% of Indonesian mangrove disappeared. The most factor threatening the mangrove ecosystem is human activities, including convertion to aquaculture, deforestation, and environmental pollution. Other factors such as reclamation, sedimentation, and natural disturbance are also contributed to the disappearance of the mangrove. Mangrove ecosystem is very important in term of socio-economic and ecology functions. Because of its functions, wide range of people alaways paid attention whenever mangrove restoration taken place. Mangrove restoration potentially increases mangrove resource value, protect the coastal area from destruction, conserve biodiversity, fish production and both of directly and indirectly support the life of surrounding people.Â© 2003 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: mangrove, restoration, management, Java.
Plant species of Family Poaceae in the Purwodadi Botanic Garden
Authors: SOLIKIN SOLIKIN
Published: July 2014

Plant species of family Poaceae have important roles in rural economic and daily human life. They have been used inconstructional building, tools, handicrafts, pulps, vegetables, fodder, baskets, traditional medicine, etc. Inventory to knowthe plant species and potentials of Poaceae were conducted in the Purwodadi Botanic Garden through observation in fields, interview, and literature studies. The results showed that there were 25 species of bamboos and 36 species of grasses in the garden. The bamboos genera Bambusa and Gigantochloa have more species than the other genera. Polytrias amaura, Axonopus compressus, and Oplismenus burmanni were the common and dominant grasses in the garden.Â© 2004 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: bamboos, grasses, Poaceae, Purwodadi Botanic Garden
R E V I E W: Herbarium Celebense (CEB) and its role in supporting research on plant diversity of Sulawesi
Authors: RAMADHANIL RAMADHANIL , GRADSTEIN S. ROBERT
Published: July 2014

Sulawesi is the largest island in Wallacea region and a biogeographically unique area. The island is very rich in endemic species, worldwide known only known from Sulawesi. Nevertheless, scientific knowledge of the plants of Sulawesi is still limited and there is a lack of botanical exploration and publications. In 2000, Tadulako University of Palu with support of the German Research Foundation (DFG), the Universities of GÃ¶ttingen and Leiden and the Herbarium Bogoriense, hasconstructed a herbarium, the Herbarium Celebense. The herbarium has been registered in the International IndexHerbariorum (New York) with the abbreviation CEB. The Herbarium Celebense contains about 3000 plant specimens,especially from Central Sulawesi and mainly spermatophytes and pteridophytes. This article reviews the current knowedgeof plant diversity of the Sulawesi and Wallacea bioregion as a basis for the conservation of its rich flora.ïƒ£ 2004 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: central Sulawesi, Wallacea bioregion, flora, biogeography, plant diversity, endemic plants.
Effect of pH and organic substrate on growth and activities of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria
Authors: AGUSTIYANI DWI , IMAMUDDIN HARTATI , FARIDAH ERNI NUR , OEDJIJONO OEDJIJONO
Published: July 2014

The physiological character, especially the effect of pH and organic substrate on the growth and activity of some ammoniaoxidizing bacteria was carried out. The results show that eight out of twenty isolates have ability to reduce ammonium, two of them i.e. isolate AOB1 and AOB2 could reduce more than 90% of ammonium. The growth and activity to reduce ammonium to nitrite was attained optimum at pH 7-8. From the result also indicated that the growth and activity of both isolate AOB1 and AOB2 were higher on the organic carbon (acetate)-containing media. This finding indicated that both of isolate AOB1 and AOB2 were heterotrophic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria.Â© 2004 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKeywords: organic substrate, acetate, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, ammonium, nitrite.
The Genus Koilodepas Hassk. (Euphorbiaceae) in Malesia
Authors: MUZAYYINAH MUZAYYINAH , GUHARDJA EDI , RIFAI MIEN A. , MOGEA JOHANIS P. , WALZEN PETER VAN
Published: July 2014

The Malesian genus Koilodepas Hassk. has been revised based on the morphological and anatomical character using available herbarium collection in Herbarium Bogoriense and loan specimens from Kew Herbarium and Leiden Rijksherbarium. The present study is based on the observation of 176 specimens. Eight species has been recognized, namely K. bantamense, K. cordifolium, K. frutescns, K. homalifolium, K. laevigatum, K. longifolium, K. pectinatum, and two varieties within K. brevipes. The highest number of species is found in Borneo (5 species), three of them are found endemically in Borneo, K. cordisepalum endemically in Aceh, and K. homalifolium endemically in Papua New Guinea. A phylogenetic analysis of the genus, with Cephalomappa as outgroup, show that the species within the genus Koilodepas isin one group, starting with K. brevipes as a primitive one and K. bantamense occupies in an advance position.Â© 2004 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKeyword: Koilodepas Hassk., Malesia, outgroup, phylogenetic analysis, outgroup
Study of Calamus occidentalis J.R. Witono & J. Dransf. Species Commercial Values and Possible Utilization
Authors: KALIMA TITI , JASNI JASNI
Published: July 2014

The selection of appropriate rattan for a certain use must be based on adequate information about its potency, anatomicalstructure, and chemical properties. Standards methods of inventory development by Curtis method was used to obtain data on its density and frequency. To know the anatomical structure of preparation were made according to Schultze method and microtome preparation according to Staining Paraffin Section with Safranin. While to know the chemical component of rattan stem the analyzed by Standard Industry Indonesia procedures. Calamus occidentalis is one among other Java rattan species which its distribution is limited in the area of Ujung Kulon National Park, West Java. C. occidentalis may be utilized for various purposes based on the following characteristics: species density of 21 cane/ha; and anatomical structure: fiber length of 2204 Î¼m, fiber-wall thickness of 4.26 Î¼m, vascular bundle diameter of 812.5 Î¼m, metaxylem diameter of 293.75 Î¼m, proxylem diameter of 43.5 Î¼m, and phloem diameter of 37.5 Î¼m. Its chemical components are cellulose (49.95%), lignin (22.39%), and air-dry moisture (12.27%). Based on the above information, C. occidentalis rattan species possibly can be used as an alternative substitute of Calamus manan, an endangered rattan species, because several properties of C. occidentalis has similar with that of C. manan.Â© 2004 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKeywords: commercial-value, possible utilization, Calamus occidentalis
Plant diversity and population in Mount Kelud, East Java
Authors: LARASHATI INGE
Published: July 2014

Mount Kelud is an upper shed Brantas area which has high potential plant diversity. But the land in that upper shed hadexperienced much erosion. Beside erosion process, human disturbances in the resort added the burdens to the existenceof the vegetation. That is why the existence and condition of the plants must be monitored and studied. Assessment of theplants was conducted through literature studies, field surveys and using quadrate plot methods Oosting (Kent & Paddy,1992) 0.75 ha each at different altitudes (600 m, 800 m and 1000 m) above sea level. The results showed that a totalnumber of 125 species belonging to 94 genera, and 49 families were recorded. All three plots were dominated byDendrocalamus asper and Villebrunea rubescens.Â© 2004 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKeywords: plants, diversity, population, Mount Kelud, East Java.
Relationship of species Piper based on morphological and leaf essential oils characters in Yogyakarta
Authors: PURNOMO PURNOMO , ASMARAYANI RANI
Published: July 2014

Some of Piper species were used for traditional medicines and condiments. The leaf essential oil (terpenoid) of those Piper species usually were used as a main component in traditional medicine. The taxonomycal study was aimed to determined Piper species relationships based on morphological and leaf essential oils characters. The plants were obtained by exploring this province, and samples were collected for identification and leaf essential oils isolation purposes. Species identification were carried out based on identification key (Backer and Bakhuizen v.d. Brink, 1965; Heyne, 1987; Shaorong, 1982). The isolation of leaf essential oils was carried out using Stahl destillation method, and their composition were interpreted with liquid gas chromatography, using caryophyllene and ï¡-pinene as a standard of essential oils component. Dendrogram, which showed phenetic relationships among those species, were obtained by hierarchical cluster analysis method. Results of the research showed that there were 8 species found as cultivated plants in Yogyakarta, which were P. miniatum Bl., P. betle L., P. recurvum Bl., P. aduncum L., P. nigrum L., P. cubeba L.f., P. retrofractum Vahl., and P. sarmentosum Roxb. Ex Hunter. Relationship between species of Piper based on morphological character showed that P. aduncum and P. sarmentosum at thesame cluster on 69.2% similarity level, and 40.4% similarity level to the other clusters. Relationsips between species of Piper based on leafessential oils character resulted the difference cluster among the species, P. retrofractum separated from the other species at 45.5% similarity level, P. aduncum and P. cubeba indicated the higest similarity level (81.5%).@ 2004 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: relationship, Piper, morphology, leaf essential oils, taxonomic characters.
Diversity and utilization of bamboo species in Tigawasa Village, Bali
Authors: ARINASA IDA BAGUS KETUT
Published: July 2014

Tigawasa is one of the famous traditional villages as a center of bamboo handicraft in Buleleng regency-Bali. As a center of bamboo handicraft its have been wrestled since centuries. Their peoples have done traditionally bamboo conservation surrounding their house and garden too. The marginal area, river flow area and stiff slope that are outskirts of village become to focus of bamboo conservation by their peoples, too. This research conducted at Tigawasa village in June 2003 by stripe and interview methods. Two kilometers stripe length by 50 meters width; follow the direction north south of the river was investigated. To know the utilization of kind of bamboo and their product conducted by interview to craftsman and community figure. The result of inventory knew about four genus consist of 19 species planted in this village. To know those bamboo species will be presented their key of determination. The genus of Gigantochloa and Schizostachyum to dominate of their species, and have many uses of itâ€™s, also. Not less than 54 kind of bamboos handicraft product was produced in this village. The diversity of bamboos handicraft product, develop according progress of the technology and demand of period. Many of new products composed and use of color or paint develop to produce varieties of fixed product. Two-kind of product that is traditional boxes (â€œsokasiâ€) handicraft and woven bamboo (â€œbedegâ€) to become this village famous at Bali, even though in foreign countries Energetic development of bamboos home industry to come to decrease stock of raw materials. About two trucks supply from east Java regularly to anticipation of decrease local stock of raw materials every week.@ 2005 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKeywords: inventory, utilization, bamboo species, Tigawasa village, Bali
Diversity of palms (Palmae) in Gunung Lumut, Central Kalimantan
Authors: WITONO JOKO RIDHO
Published: July 2014

Kalimantan is one of biodiversity centers in Indonesia, especially for commercial timbers such as dipterocars and commercial non timbers, such as orchids, ferns, and palms. One of the biodiversity centers in Kalimantan is Gunung Lumut. Gunung Lumut is located in Barito Utara Regency, Central Kalimantan. The area is proposed as conservation area (world natural heritage) by local government, because its biodiversity richness and also water reserve. Biodiversity surveys on plants and animals have been done by Indonesian Institute of Sciences staff cooperation with the Local government since 2002 to get some data for that purposed. Based on the survey on palms taxa, Gunung Lumut has 33 species of palms in 11 genera. There are Calamus 8 species, Daemonorops 7 species, Plectocomia 1 species, Korthalsia 6 species, Ceratolobus 2 species, Eugeissona 1 species, Oncosperma 1 species, Pinanga 4 species, Iguanura 1 species, Arenga 1 species, and Licuala 1 species.@ 2005 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: palms, Gunung Lumut, Kalimantan, world natural heritage.
Floristics of mangrove tree species in Angke-Kapuk Protected Forest
Authors: ONRIZAL ONRIZAL , RUGAYAH RUGAYAH , SUHARDJONO SUHARDJONO
Published: July 2014

Angke-Kapuk Protected Forest with total area 44.76 ha is part of the Tegal Alur-Angke Kapuk mangrove forests. Therefore, this forest has important role as an interface between terrestrial and marine ecosystems, whether physical, biological or social-economic aspects, todetermine mangrove ecosystem as a productive and unique ecosystem in the coastal area. However, the study of floristic of the mangrove vegetation in this forest has never to be done previously. According to the study on September to November 2003, in this forest found 8 species of mangrove trees. The tree species can be classified into two groups. The first group is true mangroves (7 species), i.e. Avicennia officinalis, Rhizophora apiculata, R. mucronata, R. stylosa, Sonneratia caseolaris (major component), Excoecaria agallocha, and Xylocarpus moluccensis (minor component). The last group is mangrove associate, i.e. Terminalia catappa. In this forest also found 7 tree species, i.e. Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Calophyllum inophyllum, Cerbera manghas, Paraserianthes falcataria, Tamarindus indicus, Acacia mangium, and A. auriculiformis as introduced species. The growth level of B. gymnorhiza, C. inophyllum and C. manghas up to now is seedling and sapling, while the growth level of another introduced species is till in pole and tree.Â© 2005 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: mangrove tree species, Angke-Kapuk Protected Forest.
Feeding and habitat of slow Loris (Nycticebus coucang) in Badui Tribe conservation forest, Rangkasbitung-south Banten
Authors: WIRDATETI WIRDATETI , SETYORINI LILIK ENDANG , SUPARNO SUPARNO , HANDAYANI TRI HADI
Published: July 2014

Feeding and habitat of slow Loris (Nycticebus coucang) in conservation forest located in Rangkasbitung-South Banten has been studied. This study was conducted in protected forest of the Paniga and Kiaralawang Baduy tribe in Cibeo for the inner Baduy and in Tinjoleat forest for the outer Baduy. The Study site was located about 250-610 m above sea level. The collected data consist of the type of feeding, nest sites and health. During the observation there were 61 plant species from 24 families which were dominated by Moraceae and Euphorbiaceae were consumed by slow Loris. Six other kinds of feed consist of small animals: reptile, mammals, aves, and insects. Nestwas building on host plant from growing trees and made of litters.Â© 2005 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKeywords: Nycticebus coucang, slow loris, Rangkasbitung conservation forest.
REVIEW:The Characteristics of Genetic Resource of Bali Cattle (Bos-bibos banteng) and the Alternative of It's Conservation Methods
Authors: CHAMDI ACHMAD NUR
Published: July 2014

Bali cattle is an Indonesian native beef cattle, the result of domestication of Banteng (Bos-bibos banteng). The main problem faced in the development of Bali cattle is the low quality of breed, which is predicted as the effect of inbreeding or raising management. The affects of genetic and cross breeding which usually inflict a loss are the decreasing of cattleâ€™s endurance, fertility and birth weight. Seeing the fact, the government effort to introduce a quality bull to the breed source areas, the determination of cattle release including the controll on the cutting of productive female cattle, and to exactly count the number of Bali cattle which can be released in order to do not disturb its population balance, so it is necessary to do conservation attempt by in-situ and ex-situ. The result of this study shows that the characteristics on genetic resource of Bali cattle which comprises documentation, evaluation on reproduction and production, and attempt in increasing Bali cattleâ€™s genetic quality in Indonesia have been done, eventhough those are still limited.Â© 2005 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKeywords: Bali cattle, animal genetic resource, reproduction, production
The isolation, enumeration, and characterization of Rhizobium bacteria of the soil in Wamena Biological Garden
Authors: PURWANINGSIH SRI
Published: July 2014

The eleven soil samples have been isolated and characterized. The aims of the study were to get the pure culture and some data which described about enumeration and especially their characters in relation to the acids and bases reaction in their growth. The isolation of the bacteria use Yeast Extract Mannitol Agar medium (YEMA) while the characterization by using YEMA medium mixed with Brom Thymol Blue and Congo Red indicators respectively. The results showed that eighteen isolates have been isolated which consisted of three low growing and fifteen fast growing bacteria. Two isolates were not indicated Rhizobium and sixteen were Rhizobium. Density of Rhizobiumenumeration was varied which related to soil organic matter content. The enumeration bacteria in YEMA medium were in the range of 0.6 x 105 and 11.6 x 105 CFU /g soil. The highest population was found in soil sample of Wieb vegetation.Â© 2005 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKeywords: Rhizobium, Wamena Biological Garden, isolation, enumeration, characterization.
Inventory of palm species in Mioswaar island, Teluk Wondama Regency, West Irian Jaya (Papua)
Authors: RAHAWARIN YOHANES YOSEPH
Published: July 2014

The aim of the research was to find out palms species diversity in Mioswaar Island, Teluk Wondama Regency, West Irian Jaya (Papua). The research result indicated that the forest of Mioswaar Island had been 3 sub families of palms, i.e. Arecoideae, Calamoideae, and Coryphoideae, consist of 12 genera, namely: Areca, Arenga, Calamus, Caliprocalix, Caryota, Gronophyllum, Gulubia, Licuala, Orania, Metroxylon, Pigafetta, and Pinanga. The most common species palm was Arenga microcarpa, Gulubia costata, and Gronophyllum pinangoides. In this island, palms grew at 2-200 asl.Â© 2005 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: inventory, diversity, description, palm species, Mioswaar island.
Species composition and vegetation structure in Pakuli area, Lore Lindu National Park, Central Sulawesi
Authors: PURWANINGSIH PURWANINGSIH , YUSUF RAZALI
Published: July 2014

Forest ecological studies on some different altitude in Lore Lindu National Park, Central Sulawesi have been carried out with quadrate method. The plots were in altitude 500, 750 and 1000 m asl each 0.3 ha. This study would be covered on species composition, vegetation structure and potential plant species which used by locally people. The result from three plots recorded the totally species number as Â± 85 species, consist of 64 genera and 38 families. The common species in three plots were Dracontomelon daâ€™o, Aglaia odoratissima, Aglaia tomentosa, Palaquium obovatum, Planchonella nitida, and Pterospermum celebicum. Species regeneration in this location showed that sapling recorded 93 species consists of 74 genera and 46 families. The common species of sapling were Mallotus laevigatus, Antiaris toxicaria, Celtis philippensis, Macaranga hispida, Dendrocnide stimulans, Aglaia tomentosa, and Syzygium policephalloides. The forest structure could be seen from diameter and height stem classes, where commonly small trees but there have been still some big tree with diameter > 100 cm and height 50 m tall.Â© 2005 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKeywords: species composition, vegetation structure, altitude, Lore Lindu National Park, Central Sulawesi
Dispersal of Syzygium cormiflorum (F. Muell.) B. Hyland. around the main trees in Lamedae Natural Reserve, Kolaka, Southeast Sulawesi
Authors: MUDIANA DEDEN
Published: July 2014

This research was sampled 52 main trees in the Lamedae Natural Reserve. Seedling and sapling of Syzygium cormiflorum (F. Muell.) B. Hyland. dispersed far away from the main trees. Only 6,308 seedlings per trees and 0,903 saplings per trees was founded growth around the main trees. The seed dispersal of S. cormiflorum was done by wild animals such as birds, mammals, etc. Analysis of the data showed that higher of main trees more have corelation with sum of seedling or sapling was compared with diameter of main trees.Â© 2005 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKeywords: dispersal, Syzygium cormiflorum, seedling, sapling, main trees, Lamedae natural reserve.
Alteration of dopamine, homovanillic acid (HVA) with interleukine-1Î² (IL-1Î²) and tumor necrosis factor-Î± (TNF-Î±) in cerebral palsy
Authors: HADIWIDJAJA SATIMIN
Published: July 2014

Now, diagnosis of cerebral palsy base only on clinical finding without involve the alteration of the neurochemistry cause by cerebral hypoxic, although cerebral palsy is a syndrome cause by cerebral hypoxic; so, the accuracy diagnosis of this disease is very low. The aim of this study is to know the alteration of neurochemistry in cerebral palsy, especially the dopamine, homovanillic acid (HVA), interleukine-1Î² (IL-1Î²) and tumor necrosis factor-Î± (TNF-Î±). So, in the future, diagnosis of this disease not only base on clinical finding as above, but must be combine with alteration of the neurochemistry. This study is conducted by observational method as cross-sectional study. Material of this study is venous blood; take by periphery venous blood vessels on median cubital vein at the upper arm. Dopamine analysis by RIA and homovanillic acid (HVA) by HPLC while Interleukine-1Î² (IL-1Î²) and tumor necrosis factor-Î± (TNF-Î±) analysis by ELISA. The result of this study show the alteration of dopamine, homovanillic acid (HVA), interleukine-1Î² (IL-1Î²) and tumor necrosis factor-Î± (TNF-Î±), in the spastic and dyskinetic type of cerebral palsy.Â Key words: IL-1Î², TNF-Î±, dopamine, HVA, cerebral palsy
The expression of p53, Rb, and c-myc protein in cervical cancer by immunohistochemistry stain
Authors: PRAYITNO ADI , DARMAWAN RUBEN , YULIADI ISTAR , MUDIGDO AMBAR
Published: July 2014

The pathogenesis of cancer as whole (50%) is caused by gene mutation. Pathogenesis of cervical cancer has focusing on Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). Early-7 (E7) proteins of HPV shell bind the Rb tumor suppressor gene, so pRb (Rb protein) canâ€™t express. Because of the E2F transcription factor gene canâ€™t bound with pRb, so E2F gene are going active and help c-myc for DNA replication and to stimuli the cell cycle. E6 protein of HPV is bind to and facilitates the degradation of the p53 tumor suppressor gene product. The objective of this experiment is to known the expression of p53, Rb and c-myc proteins in cancer of uterine cervix. Nineteen blocks paraffin tissue of cervical cancer are cut in thoroughly cleaned cryotome and place in glass plate that covered with poly-elysine. The immunohistochemistry is done with monoclonal antibody anti p53, Rb and c-myc proteins. The Result of this experiment is shown that the expression of proteins of p53 protein is 40%, Rb protein is 30.8% and c-myc protein is 50.1%. The conclusion from this experiment is that the expression of p53, Rb and c-myc proteins in cervical cancer are in mild category (30-70%). The experiment about cervical cancer is suggested.Key words: cervical cancer; p53; Rb; c-myc; immunohistochemistry.
Study on coloration of Monascus-nata complex using combination of rice flour, tofu solid waste, and rice bran extracts as the medium
Authors: KUSUMAWATI TIAS HESTI , SURANTO SURANTO , SETYANINGSIH RATNA
Published: July 2014

Monascus-nata complex was made up from fermented nata which was grown in the medium containing Monascus purpureus fungi, that could be used as coloration of nata. Rice flour usually used as medium to produce pigments by M. purpureus. Tofu solid waste and rice bran could be used to produce pigments although the colour intensity of M. purpureus pigment was lower than rice. The aims of these research were to study colour, pH medium and weight of miselium Monascus-nata complex from the combination of rice flour with tofu solid waste extracts and rice flour with rice bran extracts as the medium. In these research, 5% (b/v) rice flour extracts, combination of rice flour extract : tofu solid waste extract in the ratio of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 and rice flour : rice bran extracts in the ratio of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 were used as the medium. Ten nata de coco (1x1x1 cm3) were put in to the extracts of medium (100mL) in bottle, then inoculated with 10% (v/v) starter of M. purpureus containing 1.3x107 cfu/mL and incubated at room temperature on an orbital shaker at 100 rpm for 16 days. Parameters which were measured, i.e. colour intensity, preferable test, pH medium, weight of miselium Monascus-nata complex. Data were analyzed using analysis of variant and followed by DMRT in 5% significations except preferable test which were analyzed using hedonic test. Combination of rice flour extract : tofu solid waste extracts in the ratio of 1:1 could be used to replace rice flour extracts on the making of Monascus-nata complex. Orange colour intensity from rice flour extract : tofu solid waste extracts in the ratio of 1:1 was higher than from rice flour extracts. Orange colour intensity from rice flour extract : tofu solid waste extracts in the ratio of 1:1 and rice flour were 0.156 and 0.123 respectively. Red colour intensity from medium rice flour extract : tofu solid waste extracts in the ratio of 1:1 approach the red colour intensity of rice flour. Red colour intensity from medium rice flour extract : tofu solid waste extracts in the ratio of 1:1 and rice flour extract were 0.088 and 0.145 respectively. All of pH value decreased from 7 to 6.82. Weight of miselium Monascus-nata complex from all medium was average 0.024 g. Â© 2005 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: Monascus-nata complex, rice flour, tofu solid waste, rice bran
Selection of Rhizobium strain from Wonogiri, Central Java on the growth of soybean (Glycine max L.) on the sand sterile medium in greenhouse
Authors: PURWANINGSIH SRI
Published: July 2014

An experiment on the selection of Rhizobium strain from Wonogiri, Central Java on the growth of soybean (Glycine max L.) on the sand sterile medium in green house. The aim of the experiment the selection and potency of the Rhizobium strain to increase the growth of soybean. The experiment was carried out in green house condition in Microbiology Division, Research Center for Biology-LIPI with sterile sand medium. The research design was Completely Randomized Design with three replications for each treatment. The Rhizobium strains used were 1 W (isolated from bean, Vigna radiata), 2 W (isolated from soybean), 3 W (isolated from bean), 4 W (isolated from soybean), 5 W (isolated from soybean), 6 W (isolated from peanut, Arachis hypogaea), 7 W (isolated from peanut), 8 W (isolated from peanut), the controls were uninoculated with Rhizobium strain and without urea fertilizer (K1), uninoculated and with urea fertilizer equal 100 kg/ha (K2). The plants were harvested after 50 days, the variable of investigation were the dry weight of canopy, roots, nodules root, total plants, number of nodules and â€˜symbiotic capacityâ€. The results showed that all of experiment plant which be inoculated with Rhizobium able toform nodule. Strain of 2 W (isolated from soybean) has given the best effects on the growth of soybean.Â© 2005 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: Rhizobium strain, Glycine max L, sand sterile
Iles-iles (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume); description and other characteristics
Authors: SUMARWOTO SUMARWOTO
Published: July 2014

The aims of the research was to asses describe and find out the others iles-iles (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) properties on the vegetative growth and age until reach the generative growth. The research was conducted at the experimental fields of Bogor Agricultural University, Darmaga from November, 1999 to May, 2003 and at the experimental field of the Agricultural Technology Assesment Installation Unit, Sukabumi from February 2001 to April, 2002. It was found that iles-iles showed positive responses to shading, good drainage, and application of high manure (organic matter).The phenological study gave additional information on describing this species and also on cultivation aspects such us: planting distance, planting depth, the best time of harvest, and concentration of tuber andbulbil glucomannan.@2005 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKeywords: Amorphophallus muelleri Blume, description, glucomannan, tuber, bulbil
Vegetative growth of of Amorphophallus titanum (Becc.) Becc. at Cibodas Botanic Garden
Authors: SHOLIHIN R. , PURWANTORO R. SUBEKTI
Published: July 2014

A study on the growth of vegetative stadium of Amorphophallus titanum (Becc.) Becc. has been carried out in Cibodas Botanic Garden. Two bulbs are planted as collection plants since June second 2000. The big one, before dormant was in generative stadium and the other bulb is small one, before dormant was in vegetative stadium. The result of this study indicate that the growth of the big bulb longer than small one. The effect of different stadium before dormant cause the early growth of big bulb is longer than the small one.@2005 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKeywords: Amorphophallus titanum, growth.
Mangrove plants in coastal area of Central Java: 2. Floristic composition and vegetation structure
Authors: SETYAWAN AHMAD DWI , INDROWURYATNO INDROWURYATNO , WIRYANTO WIRYANTO , WINARNO KUSUMO , SUSILOWATI ARI
Published: July 2014

The study was intended to observe the vegetation composition and structure of mangrove plants on southern and northern coast of Central Java Province. This research was conducted in July till December 2003, at 20 sites. Laboratory assay was done in Laboratory of Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, and Central Laboratory of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sebelas Maret University (UNS) Surakarta. Data was collected by using belt transect method, from coast line into landward. The result indicated that in common, the trees strata which also have shoots strata and strata of germs (seedlings); and bushes strata which also have strata of germs(seedlings), if they were compared to the same species then their important value tend to be stable. So it was predictable that in the disturbance condition, the preservation of mangrove was guaranteed, as long as there was no great change on a broad scale.Â© 2005 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: mangrove plants, Central Java Province, composition and vegetation structure
The taxonomical aspect of Argostemma Wall. (Rubiaceae-Rubioidae) in Mount Gede- Pangrango, Mount Halimun, and Mount Salak based on morphological characteristics
Authors: PURWANTORO R. SUBEKTI , WIRIADINATA HARRY , PURBANINGSIH SUSIANI
Published: July 2014

Vegetative character and reproductive at Argostemma from Mount Gede-Pangrango, Mount Halimun, and Mount Salak have been used for the identification of 101 herbarium specimens from Herbarium Bogoriense and new specimens from field. Identifying of herbarium specimens based morphology character on Argostemma hybrid group by previous author still identified as Argostemma montanum. Ovary at Argostemma consist of 2-3 celled, ovary 2 celled is found at A. montanum and A. borragineum, while the ovary of A. uniflorum account of3 celled. Amount of flower do not range from 3-6, but between 1-8. Study on Argostemma morphology also can be concluded that in Mount Gede-Pangrango, Mount Halimun, and Mount Salak there are 3 Argostemma species, that is A. montanum Blume ex DC, A. borragineum Blume ex DC, and A. uniflorum Blume ex DC. Spreading of Argostemma vertically in Mount Gede-Pangrango, Mount Halimun, and Mount Salak range from 560-2,600 m above sea level. with spreading center 1,000-2,000 m above sea level.Â© 2005 Jurusan Biologi FMIPA UNS SurakartaKey words: Argostemma, morphological characteristics, herbarium specimens, Mount Gede-Pangrango, Mount Halimun, Mount Salak.