bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hair Metabolomics in Animal Studies and Clinical Settings
Authors: Jang Won-Jun , Choi Jae Yoon , Park Byoungduck , Seo Ji Hae , Seo Young Ho , Lee Sangkil , Jeong Chul-Ho , Lee Sooyeun
Published: June 2019

Metabolomics is a powerful tool used to understand comprehensive changes in the metabolic response and to study the phenotype of an organism by instrumental analysis. It most commonly involves mass spectrometry followed by data mining and metabolite assignment. For the last few decades, hair has been used as a valuable analytical sample to investigate retrospective xenobiotic exposure as it provides a wider window of detection than other biological samples such as saliva, plasma, and urine. Hair contains functional metabolomes such as amino acids and lipids. Moreover, segmental analysis of hair based on its growth rate can provide information on metabolic changes over time. Therefore, it has great potential as a metabolomics sample to monitor chronic diseases, including drug addiction or abnormal conditions. In the current review, the latest applications of hair metabolomics in animal studies and clinical settings are highlighted. For this purpose, we review and discuss the characteristics of hair as a metabolomics sample, the analytical techniques employed in hair metabolomics and the consequence of hair metabolome alterations in recent studies. Through this, the value of hair as an alternative biological sample in metabolomics is highlighted.
Evaluation of the Cadmium Accumulation in Tamarillo Cells (Solanum betaceum) by Indirect Electrochemical Detection of Cysteine-Rich Peptides
Authors: Montero-Jiménez Marjorie , Fernández Lenys , Alvarado José , Criollo Mauricio , Jadán Mónica , Chuquer David , Espinoza-Montero Patricio
Published: June 2019

Long-term cadmium intake can be very dangerous to human health due to its toxic effects. Although people can be contaminated with this element from different sources, contaminated food is probably the most important one. Foods such as vegetables and fruits can become contaminated with cadmium existing in soils, irrigation water, or chemical fertilizers. Some plants produce an excess of cysteine-rich peptides (CRp) when affected by high concentrations of heavy metals such as cadmium, thus indicating the presence of this type of contamination. Among these plants is tamarillo (Solanum betaceum), which is locally known as “tree tomato”. This is a native plant widely consumed in the Ecuadorian Andes because of its abundance, low cost, and high content of vitamin C and fiber. The fact that Solanum betaceum produces CRp upon contamination with heavy metals means that this plant may be able to accumulate heavy metals. If this is the case, the plant can possibly be used as an indicator of metal pollution. The main goals of the present work were to evaluate the possibility of using Solanum betaceum as an indicator of metal contamination in plants and to examine its capability to accumulate metals. Both goals were met by determination of the amounts of CRp produced by Solanum betaceum cells cultivated in vitro in the laboratory under controlled conditions in the presence of different concentrations of cadmium. The CRp determination was carried out by means of electrogeneration of iodine in an iodide solution containing reduced glutathione as a biological thiol model. Solanum betaceum cells were grown in a Murashige and Skoog solution enriched with a 30 g L−1 sugar aqueous solution and 1 mg L−1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. The results of these experiments confirmed the following: (1) CRp production is a function of the amount of cadmium present as a contaminant up to a limiting value after which cell apoptosis occurs; (2) Solanum betaceum accumulates cadmium; (3) the analytical method used is appropriate for CRp determination; and (4) CRp determination is a valid alternative to detect contamination by heavy metals in plants.
It’s Only a Part of the Story: Analytical Investigation of the Inks and Dyes Used in the Privilegium Maius
Authors: Calà Elisa , Gosetti Fabio , Gulmini Monica , Serafini Ilaria , Ciccola Alessandro , Curini Roberta , Salis Annalisa , Damonte Gianluca , Kininger Kathrin , Just Thomas , Aceto Maurizio
Published: June 2019

The Privilegium maius is one of the most famous and spectacular forgeries in medieval Europe. It is a set of charters made in the 14th century upon commitment by Duke Rudolf IV, a member of the Habsburg family, to elevate the rank and the prestige of his family. These five charters, now kept at the Österreichisches Staatsarchiv in Vienna, have been subjected to a thorough interdisciplinary study in order to shed light on its controversial story. The charters are composed of pergamenaceous documents bound to wax seals with coloured textile threads. The present contribution concerns the characterisation of the inks used for writing and of the dyes used to colour to the threads: Are they compatible with the presumed age of the charters? Though showing only a part of the whole story of the charters, dyes analysis could contribute in assessing their complex history from manufacturing to nowadays. The dyes were characterised with non-invasive in situ measurements by means of fibre optic (FORS) and with micro-invasive measurements by means of Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-MS) analysis. The results showed that the threads of four of the charters (three dyed with madder, one with orchil) were apparently coloured at different dyeing stages, then re-dyed in the 19–20th century.
Introduction of Reversible Urethane Bonds Based on Vanillyl Alcohol for Efficient Self-Healing of Polyurethane Elastomers
Authors: Lee Dae-Woo , Kim Han-Na , Lee Dai-Soo
Published: June 2019

Urethane groups formed by reacting phenolic hydroxyl groups with isocyanates are known to be reversible at high temperatures. To investigate the intrinsic self-healing of polyurethane via a reversible urethane group, we synthesized vanillyl alcohol (VA)-based polyurethanes. The phenolic hydroxyl group of vanillyl alcohol allows the introduction of a reversible urethane group into the polyurethane backbone. Particularly, we investigated the effects of varying the concentration of reversible urethane groups on the self-healing of the polyurethane, and we proposed a method that improved the mobility of the molecules contributing to the self-healing process. The concentration of reversible urethane groups in the polyurethanes was controlled by varying the vanillyl alcohol content. Increasing the concentration of the reversible urethane group worsened the self-healing property by increasing hydrogen bonding and microphase separation, which consequently decreased the molecular mobility. On the other hand, after formulating a modified chain extender (m-CE), hydrogen bonding and microphase separation decreased, and the mobility (and hence the self-healing efficiency) of the molecules improved. In VA40-10 (40% VA; 10% m-CE) heated to 140 °C, the self-healing efficiency reached 96.5% after 30 min, a 139% improvement over the control polyurethane elastomer (PU). We conclude that the self-healing and mechanical properties of polyurethanes might be tailored for applications by adjusting the vanillyl alcohol content and modifying the chain extender.
Biological Effects of EF24, a Curcumin Derivative, Alone or Combined with Mitotane in Adrenocortical Tumor Cell Lines
Authors: Bertazza Loris , Barollo Susi , Mari Maria Elena , Faccio Irene , Zorzan Maira , Redaelli Marco , Rubin Beatrice , Armanini Decio , Mian Caterina , Pezzani Raffaele
Published: June 2019

Background: Curcumin has numerous properties and is used in many preclinical conditions, including cancer. It has low bioavailability, while its derivative EF24 shows enhanced solubility. However, its effects have never been explored in adrenocortical tumor cell models. The efficacy of EF24 alone or combined with mitotane (reference drug for adrenocortical cancer) was evaluated in two adrenocortical tumor cell lines, SW13 and H295R. Method and Results: EF24 reduced cell viability with an IC50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration) of 6.5 ± 2.4 μM and 4.9 ± 2.8 μM for SW13 and H295R cells, respectively. Combination index (EF24 associated with mitotane) suggested an additivity effect in both cell lines. Cell cycle analysis revealed an increase in subG0/G1 phase, while motility assay showed a decrease in migratory cell capacity, and similarly, clonogenic assay indicated that EF24 could reduce colony numbers. Furthermore, Wnt/β-catenin, NF-κB, MAPK, and PI3k/Akt pathways were modulated by Western blot analysis when treating cells with EF24 alone or combined with mitotane. In addition, intracellular reactive oxygen species levels increased in both cell lines. Conclusion: This work analyzed EF24 in adrenocortical tumor cell lines for the first time. These results suggest that EF24 could potentially impact on adrenocortical tumors, laying the foundation for further research in animal models.
Tetrel Interactions from an Interacting Quantum Atoms Perspective
Authors: Casals-Sainz José Luis , Castro Aurora Costales , Francisco Evelio , Pendás Ángel Martín
Published: June 2019

Tetrel bonds, the purportedly non-covalent interaction between a molecule that contains an atom of group 14 and an anion or (more generally) an atom or molecule with lone electron pairs, are under intense scrutiny. In this work, we perform an interacting quantum atoms (IQA) analysis of several simple complexes formed between an electrophilic fragment (A) (CH3F, CH4, CO2, CS2, SiO2, SiH3F, SiH4, GeH3F, GeO2, and GeH4) and an electron-pair-rich system (B) (NCH, NCO-, OCN-, F-, Br-, CN-, CO, CS, Kr, NC-, NH3, OC, OH2, SH-, and N3-) at the aug-cc-pvtz coupled cluster singles and doubles (CCSD) level of calculation. The binding energy ( E bind AB ) is separated into intrafragment and inter-fragment components, and the latter in turn split into classical and covalent contributions. It is shown that the three terms are important in determining E bind AB , with absolute values that increase in passing from electrophilic fragments containing C, Ge, and Si. The degree of covalency between A and B is measured through the real space bond order known as the delocalization index ( δ AB ). Finally, a good linear correlation is found between δ AB and E xc AB , the exchange correlation (xc) or covalent contribution to E bind AB .
Polyphenol Effects on Splenic Cytokine Response in Post-Weaning Contactin 1-Overexpressing Transgenic Mice
Authors: Magrone Thea , Spagnoletta Anna , Bizzoca Antonella , Russo Matteo Antonio , Jirillo Emilio , Gennarini Gianfranco
Published: June 2019

Background: In mice, postnatal immune development has previously been investigated, and evidence of a delayed maturation of the adaptive immune response has been detected. Methods: In this study, the effects of red grape polyphenol oral administration on the murine immune response were explored using pregnant mice (TAG/F3 transgenic and wild type (wt) mice) as the animal model. The study was performed during pregnancy as well as during lactation until postnatal day 8. Suckling pups from polyphenol-administered dams as well as day 30 post-weaning pups (dietary-administered with polyphenols) were used. Polyphenol effects were evaluated, measuring splenic cytokine secretion. Results: Phorbol myristate acetate-activated splenocytes underwent the highest cytokine production at day 30 in both wt and TAG/F3 mice. In the latter, release of interferon (IFN)-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α was found to be higher than in the wt counterpart. In this context, polyphenols exerted modulating activities on day 30 TAG/F3 mice, inducing release of interleukin (IL)-10 in hetero mice while abrogating release of IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-4 in homo and hetero mice. Conclusion: Polyphenols are able to prevent the development of an inflammatory/allergic profile in postnatal TAG/F3 mice.
Triterpenoids and Their Glycosides from Glinus Oppositifolius with Antifungal Activities against Microsporum Gypseum and Trichophyton Rubrum
Authors: Zhang Dongdong , Fu Yao , Yang Jun , Li Xiao-Nian , San Myint Myint , Oo Thaung Naing , Wang Yuehu , Yang Xuefei
Published: June 2019

Four new triterpenoids, 3β,12β,16β,21β,22-pentahydroxyhopane (1), 12β,16β,21β,22-tetrahydroxyhopan-3-one (2), 3-oxo-olean-12-ene-28,30-dioic acid (3), and 3β-hydroxyoleana-11,13(18)-diene-28,30-dioic acid 30-methyl ester (4); 21 new triterpenoid saponins, glinusopposides A–U (5–25); and 12 known compounds (26–37) were isolated from the whole plants of Glinus oppositifolius. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated based on the analysis of one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) data. All compounds from the plants were measured for antifungal activities against Microsporum gypseum and Trichophyton rubrum. Glinusopposide B (6), glinusopposide Q (21), glinusopposide T (24), and glinusopposide U (25) showed strong inhibitory activities against M. gypseum (MIC50 7.1, 6.7, 6.8, and 11.1 μM, respectively) and T. rubrum (MIC50 14.3, 13.4, 11.9, and 13.0 μM, respectively). For those active compounds with an oleanane skeleton, glycosylation (21–26) or oxidation (3) of 3-OH was helpful in increasing the activity; replacement of the 30-methyl group (29) by a carboxymethyl group (26) enhanced the activity; the presence of 11,13(18) double bonds (20) decreased the activity.
Websites with Multimedia Content: A Heuristic Evaluation of the Medical/Anatomical Museums
Authors: Kiourexidou Matina , Antonopoulos Nikos , Kiourexidou Eugenia , Piagkou Maria , Kotsakis Rigas , Natsis Konstantinos
Published: June 2019

The internet and web technologies have radically changed the way that users interact with museum exhibits. The websites and their related services play an important role in accessibility and interaction with the multimedia content of museums. The aim of the current research is to present a heuristic evaluation of forty-seven medical and anatomy museum websites from usability experts, for the determination of the principal/key characteristics and issues towards the effective design of a museum website. For homogeneity and comparison purposes, the websites of museums with no support of English language were not included in the evaluation process. In the present paper, the methodology was structured with the assessment of the technologies and services of anatomy museum websites in mind. The results of the current statistical examination are subsequently analyzed and discussed.
Aronia Berry Supplementation Mitigates Inflammation in T Cell Transfer-Induced Colitis by Decreasing Oxidative Stress
Authors: Pei Ruisong , Liu Jiyuan , Martin Derek A. , Valdez Jonathan C. , Jeffety Justin , Barrett-Wilt Gregory A. , Liu Zhenhua , Bolling Bradley W.
Published: June 2019

Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis and progression of inflammatory bowel disease. Consumption of aronia berry inhibits T cell transfer colitis, but the antioxidant mechanisms pertinent to immune function are unclear. We hypothesized that aronia berry consumption could inhibit inflammation by modulating the antioxidant function of immunocytes and gastrointestinal tissues. Colitis was induced in recombinase activating gene-1 deficient (Rag1-/-) mice injected with syngeneic CD4+CD62L+ naïve T cells. Concurrent with transfer, mice consumed either 4.5% w/w aronia berry-supplemented or a control diet for five weeks. Aronia berry inhibited intestinal inflammation evidenced by lower colon weight/length ratios, 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose (FDG) uptake, mRNA expressions of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in the colon. Aronia berry also suppressed systemic inflammation evidenced by lower FDG uptake in the spleen, liver, and lung. Colitis induced increased colon malondialdehyde (MDA), decreased colon glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, reduced glutathione (rGSH) level, and suppressed expression of antioxidant enzymes in the colon and mesenteric lymph node (MLN). Aronia berry upregulated expression of antioxidant enzymes, prevented colitis-associated depletion of rGSH, and maintained GPx activity. Moreover, aronia berry modulated mitochondria-specific antioxidant activity and decreased splenic mitochondrial H2O2 production in colitic mice. Thus, aronia berry consumption inhibits oxidative stress in the colon during T cell transfer colitis because of its multifaceted antioxidant function in both the cytosol and mitochondria of immunocytes.
Optimization of Post Combustion CO2 Capture from a Combined-Cycle Gas Turbine Power Plant via Taguchi Design of Experiment
Authors: Alexanda Petrovic Ben , Masoudi Soltani Salman
Published: June 2019

The potential of carbon capture and storage to provide a low carbon fossil-fueled power generation sector that complements the continuously growing renewable sector is becoming ever more apparent. An optimization of a post combustion capture unit employing the solvent monoethanolamine (MEA) was carried out using a Taguchi design of experiment to mitigate the parasitic energy demands of the system. An equilibrium-based approach was employed in Aspen Plus to simulate 90% capture of the CO2 emitted from a 600 MW natural gas combined-cycle gas turbine power plant. The effects of varying the inlet flue gas temperature, absorber column operating pressure, amount of exhaust gas recycle, and amine concentration were evaluated using signal to noise ratios and analysis of variance. The optimum levels that minimized the specific energy requirements were a: flue gas temperature = 50 °C; absorber pressure = 1 bar; exhaust gas recirculation = 20% and; amine concentration = 35 wt%, with a relative importance of: amine concentration > absorber column pressure > exhaust gas recirculation > flue gas temperature. This configuration gave a total capture unit energy requirement of 5.05 GJ/tonneCO2, with an energy requirement in the reboiler of 3.94 GJ/tonneCO2. All the studied factors except the flue gas temperature, demonstrated a statistically significant association to the response.
Control of Solvent-Based Post-Combustion Carbon Capture Process with Optimal Operation Conditions
Authors: Chen Yih-Hang , Shen Ming-Tien , Chang Hsuan , Ho Chii-Dong
Published: June 2019

Solvent-based post-combustion carbon capture (PCC) is a mature and essential technology to solve the global warming problem. The high energy consuming issue and the flexible operation required by the power plants inquire about the development of effective control systems for PCC plants. This study proposes the optimal-based control approach that utilizes optimal set-point values for the quality controllers. The five optimal-based control schemes studied all employed L/G (liquid to gas ratio in absorber) as one quality control variable. Performance comparisons with a typical conventional control scheme are conducted employing a rate-based dynamic model for the MEA (monoethanolamine) solvent PCC process developed on a commercial process simulator. Compared to the typical control scheme, the optimal-based control schemes provide faster responses to the disturbance changes from the flue gas conditions and the set-point change of the CO2 capture efficiency, as well as better results in terms of IAEs (integral of absolute errors) of capture efficiency and reboiler heat duty during the stabilization period. LG-Tstr and LG-Tabs-Cascade are the best schemes. In addition to L/G, these two schemes employ the control of Tstr (the temperature of a stage of stripper) and a cascade control of Tabs (the temperature of a stage of absorber) (outer loop) and Tstr (inner loop), respectively.
Risk Factor Evolution for Counterparty Credit Risk under a Hidden Markov Model
Authors: Anagnostou Ioannis , Kandhai Drona
Published: June 2019

One of the key components of counterparty credit risk (CCR) measurement is generating scenarios for the evolution of the underlying risk factors, such as interest and exchange rates, equity and commodity prices, and credit spreads. Geometric Brownian Motion (GBM) is a widely used method for modeling the evolution of exchange rates. An important limitation of GBM is that, due to the assumption of constant drift and volatility, stylized facts of financial time-series, such as volatility clustering and heavy-tailedness in the returns distribution, cannot be captured. We propose a model where volatility and drift are able to switch between regimes; more specifically, they are governed by an unobservable Markov chain. Hence, we model exchange rates with a hidden Markov model (HMM) and generate scenarios for counterparty exposure using this approach. A numerical study is carried out and backtesting results for a number of exchange rates are presented. The impact of using a regime-switching model on counterparty exposure is found to be profound for derivatives with non-linear payoffs.
A Hierarchical Urban Forest Index Using Street-Level Imagery and Deep Learning
Authors: Stubbings Philip , Peskett Joe , Rowe Francisco , Arribas-Bel Dani
Published: June 2019

We develop a method based on computer vision and a hierarchical multilevel model to derive an Urban Street Tree Vegetation Index which aims to quantify the amount of vegetation visible from the point of view of a pedestrian. Our approach unfolds in two steps. First, areas of vegetation are detected within street-level imagery using a state-of-the-art deep neural network model. Second, information is combined from several images to derive an aggregated indicator at the area level using a hierarchical multilevel model. The comparative performance of our proposed approach is demonstrated against a widely used image segmentation technique based on a pre-labelled dataset. The approach is deployed to a real-world scenario for the city of Cardiff, Wales, using Google Street View imagery. Based on more than 200,000 street-level images, an urban tree street-level indicator is derived to measure the spatial distribution of tree cover, accounting for the presence of obstructing objects present in images at the Lower Layer Super Output Area (LSOA) level, corresponding to the most commonly used administrative areas for policy-making in the United Kingdom. The results show a high degree of correspondence between our tree street-level score and aerial tree cover estimates. They also evidence more accurate estimates at a pedestrian perspective from our tree score by more appropriately capturing tree cover in areas with large burial, woodland, formal open and informal open spaces where shallow trees are abundant, in high density residential areas with backyard trees, and along street networks with high density of high trees. The proposed approach is scalable and automatable. It can be applied to cities across the world and provides robust estimates of urban trees to advance our understanding of the link between mental health, well-being, green space and air pollution.
A Combined H 2 / H ∞ Approach for Robust Joint Actuator and Sensor Fault Estimation: Application to a DC Servo-Motor System
Authors: Buciakowski Mariusz , Pazera Marcin , Witczak Marcin
Published: June 2019

The main objective of this paper is to develop an actuator and sensor fault estimation framework taking into account various uncertainty sources. In particular, these are divided into three groups: sensor measurement noise, process-external exogenous disturbances, as well as unknown fault dynamics. Unlike the approaches presented in the literature, here they are not processed in the same way but treated separately in a suitably tailored fashion. Finally, the approach resolves to minimizing their effect on the fault estimation error in either the H 2 or H ∞ sense. As a result, a mixed performance–based actuator fault estimation framework is obtained, along with its convergence conditions. The final part of the paper presents performance analysis results obtained for a DC servo-motor. Subsequently, another three-tank-system-based example is presented. In both cases, the proposed approach is compared with an alternative one, which clearly exhibits its superiority.
Optimizing Charging Efficiency and Maintaining Sensor Network Perpetually in Mobile Directional Charging
Authors: Xu Xianghua , Chen Lu , Cheng Zongmao
Published: June 2019

Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) is a promising technology to replenish energy of sensors in Rechargeable Wireless Sensor Networks (RWSN). In this paper, we investigate the mobile directional charging optimization problem in RWSN. Our problem is how to plan the moving path and charging direction of the Directional Charging Vehicle (DCV) in the 2D plane to replenish energy for RWSN. The objective is to optimize energy charging efficiency of the DCV while maintaining the sensor network working continuously. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to study the mobile directional charging problem in RWSN. We prove that the problem is NP-hard. Firstly, the coverage utility of the DCV’s directional charging is proposed. Then we design an approximation algorithm to determine the docking spots and their charging orientations while minimizing the number of the DCV’s docking spots and maximizing the charging coverage utility. Finally, we propose a moving path planning algorithm for the DCV’s mobile charging to optimize the DCV’s energy charging efficiency while ensuring the networks working continuously. We theoretically analyze the DCV’s charging service capability, and perform the comprehensive simulation experiments. The experiment results show the energy efficiency of the DCV is higher than the omnidirectional charging model in the sparse networks.
Dynamic Measurements Using FDM 3D-Printed Embedded Strain Sensors
Authors: Maurizi Marco , Slavič Janko , Cianetti Filippo , Jerman Marko , Valentinčič Joško , Lebar Andrej , Boltežar Miha
Published: June 2019

3D-printing technology is opening up new possibilities for the co-printing of sensory elements. While quasi-static research has shown promise, the dynamic performance has yet to be researched. This study researched smart 3D structures with embedded and printed sensory elements. The embedded strain sensor was based on the conductive PLA (Polylactic Acid) material. The research was focused on dynamic measurements of the strain and considered the theoretical background of the piezoresistivity of conductive PLA materials, the temperature effects, the nonlinearities, the dynamic range, the electromagnetic sensitivity and the frequency range. A quasi-static calibration used in the dynamic measurements was proposed. It was shown that the temperature effects were negligible, the sensory element was linear as long as the structure had a linear response, the dynamic range started at ∼ 30 μ ϵ and broadband performance was in the range of few kHz (depending on the size of the printed sensor). The promising results support future applications of smart 3D-printed systems with embedded sensory elements being used for dynamic measurements in areas where currently piezo-crystal-based sensors are used.
Left-Side On-Ramp Metering for Improving Safety and Efficiency in Underground Expressway Systems
Authors: Shao Minhua , Xie Congcong , Sun Lijun , Wan Xiaomin , Chen Zhang
Published: June 2019

As one of the effective measures of intelligent traffic control, on-ramp metering is often used to improve the traffic efficiency of expressways. Existing on-ramp metering research mainly discusses expressways with right-side on-ramps. However, for underground expressway systems (UESs), left-side on-ramps are frequently adopted to reduce the ground space occupied by ramp construction. Since traffic entering from the left and right sides of the mainline may have different traffic characteristics, on-ramp metering for UESs with left-side on-ramps should be explored specifically. This study examines the impacts of left-side on-ramps on the traffic safety and efficiency of UESs and proposes an effective on-ramp metering strategy. Firstly, using field data, traffic flow fundamental diagrams and speed dispersion are discussed to explore the traffic flow characteristics of the “left-in” UES. The results show that the capacity and critical occupancy are both reduced in left-side on-ramp compared to right-side on-ramp expressways. Meanwhile, the speed dispersion is higher in left-side on-ramp UESs, which means a higher accident risk. Based on this, considering traffic safety and efficiency, a novel two-parameter left-side on-ramp metering strategy for UESs is proposed, in which occupancy and speed are used as the control indicators simultaneously. Additionally, the mechanism of the metering strategy is explained. Finally, the proposed on-ramp metering strategy is simulated on a real UES. The results demonstrate the advantages of the proposed two-parameter on-ramp metering strategy for improving the traffic safety and efficiency of UESs.
Sub-Network Structure and Information Diffusion Behaviors in a Sustainable Fashion Sharing Economy Platform
Authors: Na Youn Kue , Kang Sungmin , Jeong Hye Yeon
Published: June 2019

It is important to understand the creative processes of social value networks in terms of the interdependent connections between fashion sharing economy businesses and consumers. In particular, when the similarity in the values of each member is shared in the sub-network, the closeness of the relationships can be further strengthened. In such value chains, the overall process is important because the content, which is originally provided through the distribution process, is reinterpreted from the consumer’s point of view and it is reproduced as new creative output with high added value. In this study, the characteristics of sub-network structure, the characteristics of social relations, and network externality are proposed and analyzed as influential variables of information diffusion behaviors that explain the diffusion of shared information in fashion sharing economy platforms. We examined the shared information diffusion performance of the sharing economy platform as a multidimensional influential factor including the network characteristics, and proposed a structural model that integrated network research and mobile information diffusion research. We surveyed 400 people with experience of fashion information activity on sharing economy platforms. Frequency, validity, reliability, measurement model and path analyses were conducted using SPSS and AMOS statistical packages. The results showed that trust value, profit/risk sharing, interdependence, and cultural/social similarity of the sub-network structure characteristics affected social relations, while trust value and cultural/social similarity also influenced relational embeddedness. Social relations and relational embeddedness, in turn, affected perceived complementarity and social interaction, both of which affected fashion information diffusion behaviors. Finally, social pressure, social ties, and social unity affected trust values. The results of this study can be applied not only to social connections among the members of the sub-network of a fashion sharing economy platform, but also as an effective means to explain the maintenance and reinforcement of mutual relations, thereby advancing the current academic research and practical applications.
Soil Microbial Communities and Enzyme Activities after Long-Term Application of Inorganic and Organic Fertilizers at Different Depths of the Soil Profile
Authors: Holík Ladislav , Hlisnikovský Lukáš , Honzík Roman , Trögl Josef , Burdová Hana , Popelka Jan
Published: June 2019

Fertilization is a key factor for sustaining productivity in agroecosystems. A long-term experiment in cambisol following periodical application of several types of fertilization has been running at the experimental site since 1954. In this study, we determined the impact of applied inorganic and/or organic fertilizers on the activity of soil enzymes and on the structure of microorganisms at depths of 0–30 cm and 30–60 cm. Single-factor comparison showed that use of inorganic and/or organic fertilizer had an insignificant effect on the activities of soil enzymes (at depths 0–30 cm and 30–60 cm) and also on the structure of microbial communities at both depths studied. Only soil respirations exhibited stimulation by combined fertilization. The results, irrespective of sampling depth (0–60 cm), showed that application of combined organic and inorganic fertilization stimulated the activity of glucosidases and use of inorganic fertilizer inhibited the activity of arylsulphatases. Respirations were stimulated by application of organic fertilizer and combined fertilization. Nevertheless, principal component analyses, which calculate with multidimensional data, revealed differences in samples treated by sole mineral fertilizer compared to other variants, especially in the lower layer. In general, our results indicate that use of combined fertilization may improve biological characteristics in deeper parts of soil profile and possibly increase biological activity in agroecosystems.
ANALISIS PERBEDAAN RELEVANSI NILAI DARI NILAI BUKU EKUITAS DAN LABA PER LEMBAR SAHAM TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PADA PERIODE SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH PENERAPAN SAK BERBASIS IFRS
Authors: Simorangkir Panubut
Published: June 2019

This study was conducted to examine whether the implementation of GAAP-IFRS based results of any difference relevance of equity book value and share earnings, using the market price of the stock as the dependent variable, the equity book value and share earnings as an independent variable, and the periods before and after the application of GAAP-based IFRS. The analysis uses panel data regression analysis with random effects models. This research was conducted on 51 manufacturer companies listed on the Stock Exchange the period prior to the application of IFRS-based IFRSs 2008-2010 and after the application of GAAP-IFRS based in 2012-2014. The study found that in the period of after the implementation of GAAPIFRS based the relevance of equity book value increased against the market price of the shares, while the relevance of share earnings experienced a significant decrease in stock market prices
PENGARUH LIKUIDITAS DAN STRUKTUR MODAL TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN DENGAN PROFITABILITAS SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING PADA PERUSAHAAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Hera Maria Dominika Edo , Pinem Dahlia Br
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of liquidity and capital structure on firm value with profitability as intervening variable. The population in this study is the consumer goods sector companies listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2013-2016. Sampling technique using purposive sampling method, with samples produced as many as 20 companies from 37 companies of consumer goods sector. This hypothesis testing uses Path Analysis with E-Views 9.0 and a significance level of 5%. Test results of the testing showed that (1) liquidity has a significant effect on profitability with significance level 0,0192 < 0,05. (2) capital structure has a significant effect on profitability with a significance level of 0.0003 < 0,05. (3) liquidity has no effect on firm value because of the significance level of 0.09982> 0.05. (4) capital structure has a significant effect on firm value with significance level 0,0000 < 0,05. (5) profitability has a significant effect on firm value with significance level of 0.0001 < 0,05. (6) liquidity and capital structure has no effect on firm value through profitability because the indirect influence of both variables is smaller than direct influence.
PENGARUH OPINI AUDIT DAN KARAKTERISTIK PEMERINTAH DAERAH TERHADAP KINERJA PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN/KOTA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Kusuma Priyan Mardya , Kurnasih Lulus
Published: June 2019

Due to the increasing authority of local governments, a systematic monitoring and evaluation system is needed to measure performance achieved by a local government. From the financial side, the Local Government Financial Report (LKPD) shows the accountability of a local government. With the quality of financial statements and information in it, it is expected that the performance of local government can increase. The purpose of this research is to know the influence between audit opinion and the characteristics of local government represented by variable of level of local government wealth, level of dependency on central government, and regional expenditure on local government performance. Samples were conducted on 440 district / city governments in Indonesia in 2015. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. Based on the test results found that the level of local wealth have a positive effect on the performance of local government. The level of dependence on the central government negatively affects the performance of local governments. While the variables of audit opinion and regional expenditure do not affect the performance of local government.
CATUR PURUSA ARTHA LENSA DEKONSTRUKSI DEFINISI PAJAK YANG BERKEADILAN
Authors: Darmayasa I Nyoman , Aneswari Yuyung Rizka
Published: June 2019

Catur Purusa Artha Lens of Deconstruction Equitable Tax Definition. The study aims to deconstruct the definition of tax with Catur Purusa Artha (CPA) lens. Research using postmodern paradigm focused on modernity disagreement of tax definition based on act. Tax definition for the result of deconstruction namely Dharma in the form of funds contribution that conducted sincerely from individual’s or entity’s Artha to the state which will be distributed based on Kama for the purposes of the state for the welfare of the people. The essence of the deconstruction definition provide a sense of equitable and stimulation of tax compliance.
PENGARUH KOMISARIS INDEPENDEN DAN KEPEMILIKAN MANAJERIAL TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN DENGAN KONSERVATISME AKUNTANSI SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING
Authors: Jaya Ajun Daruri , Zulfikar Rudi , Astuti Kurniasih Dwi
Published: June 2019

This study aimed to analyze the influence of Independent Comission er and manajerial ownership on financial performance with accounting conservatism as an intervening variable. Independent Comissioner is m easured by total Independent Comissioner divided by total Independent Board, manajerial ownership is measured by share owned by mana jemen divided by total outstanding share, financial performance is proxied with Return On Asset and accounting conservatism is proxied by the Book to Market Ratio. The sample in this study are as many as 174 companies, and samples u sed in this study is a manufacturing company listed on the Indonesia Stock exchange during 2012-2016. The statistical method used is regression analysis with path analysis. The results show that better corporate governance, in terms of greater of independence commissioner and manajerial ownership shows to be a direct relation tofinancial performance. On the other hand , manajerial ownership lowered the financial performance via accounting conservatism. Howeever, in terms of greater independent commissioner does not lowered the financial performancce via accounting conservatism.
PENGARUH CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY DISCLOSURE TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN DENGAN PROFITABILITAS SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING PADA PERUSAHAAN SEKTOR PERTAMBANGAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA TAHUN 2012-2016
Authors: Suhartini Dwi , Megasyara Ira
Published: June 2019

This research aims to test the influence of corporate social responsibility (CSR) against the company's value and profitability, as well as how the influence of corporate social responsibility disclosures of the company's profitability as an intervening variable. There are about 70% Indonesia environmental damage caused by mining operations that implement CSR programs and mining companies can reduce the environmental impact of such business. This research uses a quantitative approach to the analysisof data by the method of partial least square (PLS). Population as many as six company the mining sector listed on the effect indonesia of 2012-2016 .A method of the sample collection use purpose of sampling , as many as 30 report a finance company. This research result indicates that csr not contributing to value of enterprise, but contribute to profitability. Profitability capable of being variable intervening between relations csr on the company, it means profitability high giving effect to the high value of enterprise.
KONDISI MAKROEKONOMI SEBAGAI FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI NERACA TRANSAKSI BERJALAN PERIODE 1999-2016
Authors: Wijaya Erric
Published: June 2019

This study discusses the current account and itsinfluencing factors. The factors influencing the current account are macroeconomic factors, including national income (GDP), inflation, interest rate (SBI), and exchange rate.The period of this study starts from 1999 - 2016 using annual data. This study looks at the short-term and long-term effects of macroeconomic factors that affect the current account balance. The research model of this study was using cointegration test and Error Correction Model (ECM).The results showed that in the long run, the macroeconomic variables of national income (GDP) and inflation significantly influenced the current account balance. While in the short term, macroeconomic variables inflation and exchange rate significantly influenced the current account balance. Thusit can be concluded that, the inflation variable is the main macroeconomic variable that influenced the current account balance in the long term and in the short term. Keywords: current account, national income, SBI, inflation, exchange rate
ОСОБИСТІСНО-ОРІЄНТОВАНА НАВЧАЛЬНО-ПЕДАГОГІЧНА СИТУАЦІЯ УСПІХУ НА ЗАНЯТТЯХ З ІНОЗЕМНОЇ МОВИ У ПЕДАГОГІЧНИХ ЗАКЛАДАХ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Триндюк Валентина
Published: June 2019

Анотація. У статті розглянуто особистісно-орієнтоване навчання як пріоритетний  напрям розвитку сучасної освіти. Особистісно-орієнтоване навчання спрямоване на розвиток індивідуальних здібностей і можливостей кожного учасника навчального процесу, передбачає використання передових педагогічних та інформаційних технологій. Особистісно-організоване навчання створює атмосферу доброзичливості, налагоджує довіру між учасниками навчального процесу, стимулює студентів до висловлювання власних думок. Створення на заняттях особистісно-орієнтованих навчально-педагогічних ситуацій, ситуації успіху розглядається у праці як вагомий педагогічний ресурс у досягненні студентами ефективних результатів у навчанні. Навчально-педагогічна ситуація успіху трактується як  цілеспрямоване поєднання умов, за яких можна досягти кращих результатів у навчанні, вона досягається лише тоді, коли сам студент оцінює свій результат як успіх.

 Авторами описано умови створення ситуації успіху. Наголошується на  тому, що за умови професійно підібраних матеріалів та в залежності від виду роботи, ситуація успіху на заняттях з іноземної мови розвиває вміння усно та письмово висловлювати свою думку, працювати в команді, приймати самостійні рішення, конструктивно вирішувати проблеми тощо.
РОЛЬ ІНТЕРАКТИВНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ НАВЧАННЯ В ОСОБИСТІСНО-ОРІЄНТОВАНІЙ ПІДГОТОВЦІ МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ ПОЧАТКОВОЇ ШКОЛИ
Authors: Міщеня Оксана Миколаївна
Published: June 2019

Анотація. Стаття присвячена ролі інтерактивних технологій навчання в особистісно-орієнтованій підготовці майбутніх учителів початкової школи. На основі аналізу та узагальнення педагогічної літератури з’ясовано, що інтерактивне  навчання – це навчання, яке відбувається за умови постійної, активної взаємодії всіх учасників навчального процесу. Це співнавчання, взаємонавчання (колективне, групове, навчання у співпраці), де всі учасники є рівноправними суб’єктами навчального процесу, розуміють, що вони роблять, рефлексують з приводу того, що вони знають, вміють здійснювати. Організація інтерактивного навчання передбачає моделювання різноманітних життєвих ситуацій, спільне вирішення проблем на основі аналізу обставин та відповідної ситуації, використання рольових ігор. Проаналізовано різні підходи щодо класифікації інтерактивних методів навчання.  Доведено, що інтерактивні методи навчання сприяють інтенсифікації навчального процесу та активізації навчально-пізнавальної діяльності студентів, майбутніх учителів початкової школи. У статті особливо наголошується на ефективності перелічених форм організації спілкування на семінарських заняттях, соціально значущий гуманістичний потенціал, який неодмінно трансформується через творчу працю в наступній діяльності майбутніх учителів початкової школи  у демократичні когнітивні та поведінкові норми.
ІНШОМОВНА КОМУНІКАТИВНА КОМПЕТЕНТНІСТЬ МАЙБУТНІХ ФАХІВЦІВ СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ СФЕРИ: СТРУКТУРА ТА ЗМІСТ
Authors: Павелків Катерина
Published: June 2019

У статті обґрунтовано необхідність іншомовної комунікативної компетентності майбутніх фахівців соціальної сфери. Здійснено аналіз проблеми формування іншомовної компетентності фахівців різного профілю в різних аспектах: теорія, методологія і методика іншомовної підготовки фахівців. Висвітлено авторське опрацювання реалізації завдань діяльності закладу вищої освіти (за Законом України «Про вищу освіту») в іншомовній підготовці студентів. Акцентовано увагу на особливості структурування іншомовної комунікативної компетентності майбутніх фахівців соціальної сфери на підставі аналізу наукових джерел, що представляють методологію, теорію і методику формування означеної компетентності, особливості її розвитку у процесі навчання у закладі вищої освіти, специфіку структурування іншомовної комунікативної компетентності як науково-педагогічного об’єкта. Схарактеризовано підходи (компетенційний та функціональний) до структурування іншомовної комунікативної компетентності майбутніх фахівців соціальної сфери з урахуванням методології, теорії і методики формування означеної компетентності: компетенційний (розглядає різні компетенції в складі іншомовної комунікативної компетентності), функціональний (за якого кожен компонент несе на собі різне смислове навантаження, виходячи з процесів, які його забезпечують). Визначено орієнтовну структуру іншомовної комунікативної компетентності майбутніх фахівців соціальної сфери у поєднанні чотирьох складників, як-то: мотиваційно-аксіологічний (мотиваційні чинники вивчення іноземних мов як важливої цінності для майбутньої професійної діяльності в соціальній сфері), когнітивний (сукупність знань з іноземної мови майбутніх фахівців соціальної сфери), діяльнісно-поведінковий (як процес навчання, засвоєння, відтворення знань з іноземної мови і як способи поведінки студентів в навчальній та квазіпрофесійній комунікативній діяльності іноземною мовою), рефлексивний (здатність студентів до адекватної самооцінки досягнутого рівня сформованості іншомовної комунікативної компетентності та інших само-процесів).