bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Response of Intercropping Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) with Cowpea and Nitrogen Application on Growth and Yield of Sorghum
Authors: TEHULIE Nuru Seid , NIGATIE Taminaw Zewdie
Published: October 2024

Sorghum grain yields have remained low despite the emergence of higher yield varieties, due to inadequate soil fertility, unsuitable cropping patterns, and restricted nitrogen fertilizer application (N). Cowpea integration and N utilization in sorghum-based cropping systems are likely to boost yield. However, knowledge of the impacts of sorghum-cowpea intercropping, nitrogen usage, and their interactions on companion crop performance is lacking. The effect of sorghum-cowpea intercropping and three N rates on the growth and yield of two sorghum varieties (ETS 2752 and ETS 4946) and two cowpea varieties (Keti and Bole) was investigated in RCBD with a split-plot arrangement, replicated three times. Sorghum grain yield was positively correlated with harvest index, fertile tiller m-2, leaf area index, panicle weight, and CGR. Sorghum/cowpea intercropping was more productive than sole (LER>1). ETS 2752 was superior to ETS 4946 in terms of growth and yield, hence it is recommended to farmers for commercial production. Therefore, the sole cropping system and N addition were effective in enhancing growth and grain yield of sorghum and cowpea, hence recommended for commercial production of ETS 2752. Intercropping is only recommended for sorghum production to improve household food security since it improves land productivity (LER>1).
Digestive Pathologies Caused by E. coli Bacteria in Non-Treated Dairy Products
Authors: PANAIT Elena , VIDICAN Roxana
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this review is to summarize current possibility of contamination of milk and dairy products and human pathologies as well, that may occur if these products are not processed properly. Scientific literature was consulted to examine the methods of contamination of milk and dairy products. In raw or pasteurized milk stored at 5 °C was not reported that it can grow E. coli, however can grow slowly at higher temperatures. E. coli is considered a high-risk potential pathogen in cheese, due to its unusual ability to tolerate low pH values for long periods and it’s linked to unpasteurized raw milk.
Evaluation of the Effect of Sea Buckthorn Meal on Production Performance and Meat Chemical Composition in Broiler Chickens
Authors: BENȚEA Mihai Iacob , COROIAN Cristian Ovidiu , ONA Andrei Alexandru
Published: October 2024

The aim of the research was to highlight the effects of sea buckthorn meal on production and consumption indices and meat chemistry in broiler chickens. The research was carried out on 50 Ross-308 hybrid broiler chickens in two groups (25 heads/group): a control group and an experimental group (0.5% buckthorn meal) over a period of 28 days. During and at the end of the experiment, the following parameters were recorded and analysed: body mass development, daily growth gain, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and meat quality. The best results were recorded in the experimental group, with a body weight of 2683.24 g, an average daily gain of 79.48 g and a feed conversion index of 1.70. Meat quality was improved by increasing crude protein content in the experimental group. The addition of sea buckthorn meal had a favourable influence on the productive performance and meat quality of broiler chickens.
Gallic Acid: Derivatives and Biosynthesis, Pharmacological and Therapeutic Effect, Biological Activity
Authors: ŞABİK Ali Erdem , SEVİNDİK Mustafa , MOHAMMED Falah Saleh , UYSAL Imran , BAL Celal
Published: October 2024

Phenolic compounds are important compounds responsible for many therapeutic, pharmacological, and biological activities. They are compounds that do not have nutritional properties but are very important from a medical point of view. In this review, general properties, derivatives and biosynthesis, pharmacological and therapeutic effects, biological activities, and toxic and side effects of gallic acid were reviewed. As a result of the literature research, it has been seen that it has pharmacological and therapeutic effects such as gastrointestinal diseases, cardiovascular disease, neuropsychological and neuroprotective conditions, metabolic diseases, allergic skin, antianxiety, wound healing activity, rheumatoid arthritis, colitis, obesity. It has also been reported to have biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-melanogenic, antimicrobial, anti-ageing, antidiabetic, antiapoptotic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antiviral, cytotoxic, antidepressant. In this context, it has been determined that gallic acid is an important phenolic compound.
Cultivars Ploidy Influence on Variability of Some Red Clover Traits Important for Agriculture and Medicinal Purpose
Authors: COSTIN Alexandru D. , MUNTEAN Leon , ONA Andreea D. , POPA Mihai C.
Published: October 2024

Red clover also known as Trifolium pratense L., is a perennial allogame plant belonging to Trifolium genus and Fabaceae family. Besides its benefits in animal feed and soil improvement, red clover was studied as well for its medicinal properties, being used in different forms like essential oil, tea, pills and other. This study aimed to perform a comparative analysis on some diploid and tetraploid red clover cultivars regarding morphological and biochemical traits. The study was carried out between 2022 and 2023 on 90 red clover cultivars, divided into two samples represented by diploids and tetraploids. Tetraploids were superior to diploids in the 2nd year and inferior in the 3rd year. Regarding the polyphenols content, diploids showed higher values than tetraploids. Between diploids and tetraploids, there was a significant difference in the number of inflorescences/50g and inflorescence weight from the 3rd year.
Comparative Study on Beta-Glucan Content and Proximate Composition of Spring Barley Seeds Genotypes Obtained in Different Crop Systems
Authors: MĂRGINEAN Raluca , MUNTEAN Edward , ȘOPTEREAN Laura , ȘIMON Alina , RUSSU Florin , DUDA Marcel M.
Published: October 2024

This paper explores the proximate composition of spring barley seeds and the b-glucan’s content in various two-rowed spring barley genotypes cultivated using different agricultural systems. The genotypes originated from both autochthonous and foreign sources and were grown under conventional, ecological, and no-treatment conditions. The proximate analysis of spring barley seeds was performed using near-infrared spectrometry, while the b-glucan content was determined enzymatically. The data analysis included principal component analysis and cluster analysis to identify ideal candidates for specific applications. The results indicated that the conventional cultivation system yielded higher levels of starch, sugar, protein and ash content; conversely, the ecological and no-treatment systems showed variations in nutritional parameters, with the no-treatment approach resulting in significantly higher b-glucan and fat content. In line with previous research, this study highlights the influence of genotype and agricultural practices on the barley seeds’ composition. Overall, this research contributes to a better understanding of the nutritional composition of barley seeds and offers insights into selecting specific barley genotypes for various applications in the food, feed, and brewing industries; it also underscores the potential for utilizing spring barley's b-glucan to enhance the nutritional value of various products, promoting cardiovascular and digestive health.
Citrus Essential Oils’ Nano-emulsions: Formulation and Characterization
Authors: MEDELEANU Mădălina Lorena , FĂRCAȘ Anca Corina , COMAN Cristina , LEOPOLD Loredana Florina , DIACONEASA Zorița , SENDRA Esther , CARBONELL PEDRO Aaron Angel , SOCACI Sonia Ancuța
Published: October 2024

The use of citrus essential oils nano-emulsions (CEO-NE) plays a crucial role in enhancing food safety. This is achieved through various mechanisms such as the enhancement of organoleptic properties, increased bioavailability of bioactive components from essential oils, controlled release of key compounds for long-term efficacy, and extension of the shelf life of food and beverages (antioxidant and antimicrobial activity). In this work, CEO-NEs, formulated with different types of citrus essential oils, Tween 80, and alcohol, were obtained by magnetic stirring combined with ultrasound method. The main component of CEO-NEs was D-limonene (31.37% bergamot-loaded nano-emulsions, 48.81 % tangerine-loaded nano-emulsions, 87.82 % orange-loaded nano- emulsions, 87.09 % grapefruit-loaded nano-emulsions, 48.53 % lemon-loaded nano-emulsions). The selected formulations demonstrated a mean droplet diameter of 47.285 nm. The nano-emulsions were stable even after 30 days of storage (except tangerine nano-emulsions). The bergamot-loaded nano-emulsion had the highest antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, while Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes seemed to be more resistant to citrus nano-emulsions.
A Comparative Study On the Impact of Wet and Dry Aging On the Quality of Romanian Spotted and Black Angus Beef
Authors: GLIGA Maria-Cristina , LEÓN-CAMACHO Manuel , CĂTUNESCU Giorgiana M. , ROTAR Ancuța Mihaela , POP Carmen Rodica , DULF Francisc Vasile , BODEA Ioana M. , ODOCHEANU Răzvan , TOFANĂ Maria
Published: October 2024

The escalating demand for meat driven by the increase of the global population requires substantial advancements in the beef sector. Among the various cattle breeds bred for meat, Black Angus (BA) is renowned for its adaptability and commendable performance in meat production. In contrast with BA, the Romanian Spotted (RS) is a local study breed which constitutes a significant proportion of Romania's livestock and it could become an alternative to BA in a localized market.  This study aims to assess the suitability of RS beef to dry-ageing in comparison to BA by investigating the impact of dry-aging (DA) and wet-aging (WA) techniques on two distinct anatomical parts, specifically Longissimus thoracis (LT) and Longissimus lumborum (LL), of each breed. The quality of the aged products was assessed in terms of microbiological characteristics, fatty acid composition and the changes in their values at the end of the ageing process compared with the initially quality of the raw meat. The study showed significant changes in the fatty acid composition profile after ageing, for both types of ageing, and for both breeds. Furthermore, this study highlights the possibility of valorizing local breeds in the production of aged beef.
Impact of the Russia-Ukraine Conflict and Global Events on Beneficiaries of Microfinance Services: A Comparative Study of Romanian Small Companies
Authors: HENEGAR Denisa , ARION Felix H.
Published: October 2024

Recent global events, notably the COVID-19 pandemic, and the conflict between Russia and Ukraine leaded to unprecedented challenges for companies worldwide. This study examines the impact of the Russia-Ukraine conflict on small companies in agriculture, animal breeding, and the services sector in Romania. A survey was conducted among 110 beneficiaries of a microfinance company. The respondents evaluated the impact of the Russia-Ukraine war on income, expenses, and the economic situation using a set of 8 items, evaluated on a 5 points Likert scale type. The results revealed that the analyzed companies were most affected by the increase in fuel price and electricity price. Despite a moderate impact on income decrease, there were significant differences regarding the effect of the increase of interest rates, savings reduction, and liquidity reduction among different types of companies. Limited Liability Companies (L.L.C.s) were the most affected. Most companies are seeking solutions to reduce energy costs. These findings suggest a need for targeted interventions to mitigate the impact of crises situations on small companies.
Phytogeographical and biological spectrum of vascular flora as an indicator of ecological changes following clear-cutting in Eastern Serbian beech forest sites
Authors: PAVLOVIĆ Branka , BABIĆ Violeta , STAJIĆ Snežana , PODUŠKA Zoran , RAKONJAC Ljubinko , VUKIN Marina , ČOKEŠA Vlado
Published: October 2024

Extreme weather events caused considerable harm to the forest ecosystems in Eastern Serbia over a few hard winters, resulting in widespread ice breaks and ice uprooting. Certain forest stands were severely impacted during the winter of 2014-2015, necessitating clear-cutting measures. This research was conducted in the Timok forest area, through examination of the floristic composition in areas subjected to clear-cutting, including natural beech forests and artificially established conifer stands within beech sites (Helleboro odori-Fagetum moesiacae). A phytogeographical and bioecological analysis was conducted five years after clear-cutting. Changes in ecosystems were assessed by analysing the spectra of area-types and plant life forms, with comparisons drawn to the “Vinatovača” old-growth forest, situated in the submontane beech forest of Eastern Serbia. Descriptive analysis of the phytogeographical and bioecological spectra of vascular flora, alongside multinomial correspondence analysis, revealed an increased presence of species from Eurasian, Mediterranean-sub-Mediterranean, and Pontic area-types, as well as hemicryptophytic, phanerophytic, and therophytic life forms in the clear-cut areas. In contrast, the old-growth forest was colonised by species of Central European and Holarctic area-types, along with geophytic life forms. These findings suggest a shift towards xerothermic microclimates in the clear-cut areas and the stronger influence of the continental climate of Eastern Serbia with its extremes on deforested areas, as well as on the processes of forest ecosystem degradation.
Introduction pages, NBHA-CN 52(3), 2024
Authors: SESTRAS Radu E.
Published: October 2024

The papers published in Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, Issue 3, Volume 52, 2024 represent new exciting research in different topics of life science, respectively in plant science, horticulture, agronomy, crop science, and forestry. Among the interesting articles, we invite you to find news about: Genetic improvement of drought stress tolerance in maize, recent advancements and future research direction; Exploring ecotypic plant adaptations and the influence of microbiota on mitigating environmental challenges; Unveiling the genetic landscape: Exploring the SSR-based genetic architecture and amino acid dissection of Gossypium barbadense and G. darwinii genomes; Role of iron oxide nanoparticles in maize (Zea mays L.) to enhance salinity stress tolerance; Differential physiological responses to salt stress in rice landraces in Thailand; Effects of chemical regulation on the growth, yield and fiber quality of cotton varieties with different plant architectures; Separation and identification of individual anthocyanins from the petals of some rose cultivars; Comparative analysis of seed morphology in genus Scutellaria L.; Effects of chemical fertilizer nitrogen substitution with rapeseed cake on microbial community in tobacco rhizosphere soil; Particle film treatments on ‘Assyrtiko’ grapevines enhance physiology and grape attributes in Santorini Island; Nutrimental modifications in blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) caused by vanadium supply; Exploring the effects of the assisted transfer of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) provenances in the Romanian Carpathians.
Evaluación formativa: percepciones de los estudiantes de educación superior respecto a las habilidades/estrategias de aprendizaje autodirigido
Authors: Marcillo-Garcia Concepcion Elizabeth , Villacreses-Veliz Elvira Geoconda , Acuña-Acebo Mercedes del Rosario , Morán-Chilán Jessenia Herminia
Published: October 2024

La evaluación formativa se concibe como una actividad compleja que requiere de la sensibilización de docentes y estudiantes. De ahí el interés por profundizaar en esta problemática desde las perspectiva de los estudiantes. Esta investigación planteó como objetivo analizar las percepciones de los estudiantes de Enfermería y Contabilidad y Auditoría respecto a las habilidades/estrategias de aprendizaje autodirigido como parte del proceso de la evaluación formativa. Para la recolección de los datos se hizo uso del instrumento Percepciones de los estudiantes sobre las evaluaciones formativas, desarrollado, validado y publicado por Lim YS. 2019, que consta de cuatro componentes. Este instrumento fue aplicado a estudiantes de diferentes carreras de una universidad pública, en el marco del desarrollo de los proyectos de investigación Enseñanza bimodal innovadora para el desarrollo de competencias en estudiantes universitarios y Sistema de enseñanza bimodal para el desarrollo de tecnologías del aprendizaje y el conocimiento. Para efectos de este estudio, se tomó en consideración el tercer componente referido a la habilidad/estrategia de aprendizaje autodirigido. La investigación se llevó a efecto en una universidad pública de la provincia de Manabí, Ecuador. El instrumento fue aplicado a estudiantes de la Carrera de Enfermería y Contabilidad y Auditoría, cuyos docentes participan en el Programa de Investigación Currículo, Innovación, Educación y Formación. Se concluye que independientemente de la carrera, la modalidad de estudio y niveles, la evaluación formactiva es vista por los estudiantes como el espacio que permite el desarrollo de habilidades que mejora el desempeño crítico y constructivo.
Addressing multiple facets of bias and uncertainty in continental scale biodiversity databases
Authors: Marchetto Elisa , Livornese Martina , Sabatini Francesco Maria , Tordoni Enrico , Da Re Daniele , Lenoir Jonathan , Testolin Riccardo , Bacaro Giovanni , Cazzolla Gatti Roberto , Chiarucci Alessandro , Foody Giles M. , Gábor Lukáš , Groom Quentin , Iaria Jacopo , Malavasi Marco , Moudr´y V´ıtˇezslav , Santovito Diletta , Šímová Petra , Zannini Piero , Rocchini Duccio
Published: October 2024

The availability of biodiversity databases is expanding at unprecedented rates. Nevertheless, species occurrence data can be intrinsically biased and contain uncertainties that impact the accuracy and reliability of biodiversity estimates. In this study, we developed a reproducible framework to assess three dimensions of bias—taxonomic, spatial, and temporal—as well as temporal uncertainty associated with data collections. We utilized the vegetation plot data located in Europe, from sPlotOpen, an open-access database, as a case study. The metrics proposed for estimating bias include completeness of the species richness for taxonomic bias, Nearest Neighbor Index for spatial bias, and Pielou’s index for temporal bias. Additionally, we introduced a new method based on a negative exponential curve to model the temporal decay in biodiversity data, aiming to quantify temporal uncertainty. Finally, we assessed the sampling bias considering the influence of various spatial variables (i.e, road density, human population count, Natura 2000 network and topographic roughness). We discovered that the facets of bias and the temporal uncertainty varied throughout Europe, as did the different roles played by spatial variables in determining biases. sPlotOpen showed a clustered distribution of the vegetation plots, and an uneven distribution in sampling completeness, year of sampling and temporal uncertainty. The facets of bias were significantly explained mainly by the presence of Natura 2000 network and marginally by the human population count. These results suggest that employing an efficient procedure to examine biases and uncertainties in data collections can enhance data quality and provide more reliable biodiversity estimates.
Marco normativo y uso de tecnologías para la preservación de bienes patrimoniales
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Garzón-Vera Blas , Torres Balarezo Gabriela , Méndez Jorge Adrián
Published: October 2024

El marco normativo ecuatoriano contempla la Constitución de la República del Ecuador, misma que fue publicada en el Registro Oficial en 2008, reconoce la diversidad cultural y la protección del patrimonio como derechos fundamentales. Además, la Ley Orgánica de Cultura del año 2016, fundamentada en los derechos culturales constitucionales, establece las bases para la preservación del patrimonio cultural y natural, y promueve la aplicación de tecnologías para este propósito.
Reconstrucción de un tramo del Qhapaq Ñan para su puesta en valor mediante un sistema de realidad virtual
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Campoverde Durán Rafael Augusto
Published: October 2024

En la actualidad en arqueología a menudo se trabaja sin pala, diversos dispositivos geomagnéticos, permiten a los arqueólogos conocer yacimientos que se encuentran bajo tierra, antes de comenzar las excavaciones (DW, 2018), en el caso de que los restos arqueológicos se encuentren al aire libre, es posible utilizar la fotogrametría, tecnología que consiste en tomar una serie de fotografías aéreas del sitio, con el objetivo de generar un modelo en tres dimensiones, el cual se puede manipular utilizando un programa de modelado 3D, como es el caso de Blender (2023), cuando los restos están en ruinas o incompletos es factible reconstruir las partes faltantes con base en hipótesis sustentadas en documentación histórica existente, proceso que se debe realizar con rigurosidad científica.
Sistema de monitoreo de Bienes Patrimoniales IoT. Un caso piloto en el centro histórico de Cuenca, Ecuador
Authors:   Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Cuenca (Ecuador), Cobos-Torres Juan-Carlos , Aguirre Ullauri María del Cisne ,   Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Cuenca (Ecuador), Cobos Torres Darío Humberto ,   Universidad de las Américas, Quito (Ecuador)
Published: October 2024

La conservación de bienes culturales se ha centrado tradicionalmente en la protección y restauración de monumentos y edificios existentes, pero hoy el desafío de proyectar el uso y disfrute efectivo del patrimonio cultural se centra en la conservación impulsando estrategias de seguimiento y mantenimiento, la llamada conservación preventiva (Ortega-Ordaz y Ortega-Ordaz, 2020). Estos conceptos no son nuevos, desde la Carta de Atenas (ICOMOS, 2011) continuando con la Carta de Venecia (ICOMOS, 1965) o la Carta de Burra (Nallely y Nava, 1979), se pueden recoger diferentes reflexiones y orientaciones en temas de mantenimiento y monitoreo. Esto ha llevado al Comité del Patrimonio Mundial a prestar especial atención a los procedimientos de gestión del patrimonio.
La iglesia de San Blas entre tecnología, historia y arqueología: prospección geofísica en Cuenca, Ecuador
Authors:   Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral (ESPOL), Guayaquil (Ecuador), Vargas Díaz Juan Pablo
Published: October 2024

En el segundo semestre de 2017, la iglesia patrimonial de San Blas inició un proceso de restauración, una actividad conjunta llevada a cabo por el Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado de la ciudad de Cuenca y la parroquia homónima. Dentro de este complejo proceso que implicó una serie de intervenciones simultáneas y coordinadas, se contempló la remoción y sustitución del piso de las naves laterales norte y sur. El objetivo era reemplazar el deteriorado suelo de cerámica por uno nuevo de mármol donado por el Vaticano.
Curcumin and its combination with a reduced dose of rosuvastatin: A promising therapy for chronic kidney disease and associated dyslipidemia in rat animal models
Authors: Lagumdžija Dina , Hamzić Mehmedbašić Aida , Jesenković Džan Ahmed , Kudić Bakir , Kapić Dina , Ćosović Esad , Lepara Orhan , Pehlivanović Kelle Belma , Prguda-Mujić Jasminka , Kusturica Jasna , Herenda Pušina Naida , Bečić Fahir , Kulo Ćesić Aida
Published: October 2024

The objective of this study was to confirm the effects of curcumin and to investigate the effects of its combination with a reduced dose of rosuvastatin in an adenine-induced model of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and associated dyslipidemia in rats. Renal function and morphology, as well as lipid status, were assessed using laboratory parameters and histopathological analysis. Male Wistar rats (n=36) randomly divided into six groups, were treated for 24 days: normal control (standard diet), CKD control (adenine diet, 0.75% w/w adenine-supplemented diet), curcumin (100 mg/kg/day + adenine diet), rosuvastatin minimal therapeutic dose (MTD) (5 mg/day + adenine diet), rosuvastatin reduced dose (RD, 25% of rosuvastatin MTD + adenine diet), and rosuvastatin RD + curcumin (25% of rosuvastatin MTD + curcumin 100 mg/kg/day + adenine diet) group. While rosuvastatin alone showed only antilipemic action, both curcumin alone and its combination with a reduced dose of rosuvastatin showed better renal protection with lower serum creatinine levels and milder renal morphological alterations, as well as better antilipemic action with lower levels of triglycerides, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterols compared with the levels in CKD control rats. Treatment with curcumin alone also resulted in a significantly higher estimated glomerular filtration rate, lower uric acid levels, and higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, while the combined therapy additionally resulted in higher serum albumin levels, lower total cholesterol, and both atherogenic and coronary risk indexes compared with CKD control rats. The results of this study confirmed the beneficial effects of curcumin alone and provided new evidence for the beneficial effects of its combination with a reduced dose of rosuvastatin in rats with CKD and associated dyslipidemia.
ASSISTÊNCIA ESTUDANTIL: CARACTERIZAÇÃO DOS PROCESSOS DE TRABALHO NA UNIVERSIDADE DE BRASÍLIA – UnB
Authors: Sant’anna Marcia Costa de , Almeida Alexandre Nascimento de , Ribaski Nayara Guetten
Published: October 2024

Em virtude dos avanços obtidos com a implementação da assistência estudantil como política pública, a participação dos estudantes nos programas de assistência estudantil tem crescido exponencialmente. Entretanto, não houve a mesma proporção de crescimento em número e infraestrutura necessárias à equipe de assistentes sociais. Esta última tem sido a maior articuladora na mediação e acesso dos estudantes em situação de vulnerabilidade socioeconômica, junto aos programas oferecidos pela assistência estudantil da Universidade de Brasília – UnB. O objetivo da pesquisa é descrever como se caracterizam os processos de trabalho do assistente social na assistência estudantil da UnB. Utilizou-se a metodologia qualitativa e tratou-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, por meio de um estudo de caso. A coleta de dados foi obtida por meio de observação participante e análise documental. Os resultados indicaram que uma minoria dos elementos dos processos de trabalho dos assistentes sociais tem contribuído para a efetividade das ações desenvolvidas.
Postgraduate theses published in the field of preschool music education in Turkiye: a bibliographical study
Authors: Üçer Ömer , Göksel Remziye Ezgi , Sonsel Ömer Bilgehan
Published: October 2024

Preschool music education is an important field that affects and shapes the whole life of the individual. Preschool music education, which has not become a separate discipline for many years, has become a separate field of study both in preschool departments and in units such as music education departments and music departments with the development of the university structure and the diversification of departments. Rapidly increasing scientific studies and new approaches every year indicate the need for this field. At this point, graduate theses that contribute to the literature are important. In this study, which aims to examine graduate theses published in the field of preschool music education in Türkiye from a bibliographic point of view, all theses between 1985, the date of the first thesis, and the present day were included in the study. The study sample was limited to theses registered in the Thesis Documentation Center of the Council of Higher Education and open to access, and 94 theses were included in the sample. In the study, theses were examined in terms of university, distribution according to the years they were written, types, institute, method used, research design, sample selection, sample scope, data collection tools and analysis methods used. Frequency (f) and percentage (%) were used to analyze the data and the results were shown in tables and figures. As a result of the research, it was found that most of the theses were written in 2019 at Gazi University, within the scope of Educational Sciences Institutes, and that quantitative methods were mostly used as methods in the theses, experimental models were used, sample selection was determined randomly, and children between 26-72 months were generally studied. While questionnaires were mostly used as data collection methods, it was concluded that frequency and percentage analysis methods were used. In line with the results of the research, it is thought that conducting bibliometric studies at certain intervals will contribute to the literature.
Redefining Protection: Challenges and Solutions in Safeguarding Religious Minorities within International and Regional Legal Frameworks
Authors: Shareef Sanh
Published: October 2024

This paper examines the challenges in defining and safeguarding religious minorities within international and regional legal frameworks. It explores the main research question of how existing legal instruments and definitions impact the protection of religious minorities and aims to propose recommendations for improving these protections. Through a literature review and critical analysis of international and regional legal frameworks, including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and various regional instruments, the paper identifies significant gaps and inconsistencies in current protections. Key issues highlighted include the lack of a universally accepted definition of religious minorities, the limitations of international and regional instruments, and the varying interpretations of religious rights by bodies such as the European Court of Human Rights. The paper concludes with recommendations for clearer definitions, more robust legal provisions, and enhanced international and regional cooperation to better safeguard the rights of religious minorities. The findings emphasize the need for more effective approaches to protecting religious diversity and ensuring proper representation.
Differential chemoproteomic analysis of RRS-1 candidate molecule and molecules of several nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Authors: Galenko-Yaroshevsky P. A. , Torshin I. Yu. , Gromov A. N. , Gromova O. A. , Suzdalev K. F. , Murashko R. A. , Zelenskaya A. V. , Zadorozhniy A. V. , Glechyan T. R. , Simavonyan G. V. , Muhammad E.M. I.
Published: October 2024

Background. To plan effective and safe pharmacotherapy for inflammation and pain, it is important to evaluate the mechanisms and spectrum of action of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including their effects on human proteome.

Objective: to identify and evaluate the most significant specific differences of candidate molecule RRS-1 (N-{(Z)-2-(1-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)1-[(propylamino)carbonyl]vinyl}benzamide) from other NSAIDs through differential chemoreactome analysis.

Material and methods. Chemoproteomic modeling of pharmacological effects of RRS-1 molecule and a number of well-known NSAIDs (diclofenac, nimesulide, ketorolac) on human proteome was carried out on the basis of numerical prediction algorithms over the space of heterogeneous feature descriptions, developed in the topological approach to recognition by Yu.I. Zhuravlev and K.V. Rudakov scientific school.

Results. Significant differences in the effects of the studied molecules were found for 1232 proteins of human proteome. The features of assessing interactions of the studied molecules with 47 target proteins, which most distinguished the effects of RRS-1 molecule from all others were identified. RRS-1 could activate adenosine and dopamine receptors, cannabinoid receptor 2 and GABAA receptor to a greater extent than other molecules. Activation of these receptors corresponded to anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive and neuroprotective effects. RRS-1 could preferably inhibit a number of pro-inflammatory proteins, receptor bradykinin 1, metabotropic glutamate receptor 5, matrix metalloproteinases 8, 9, 12, and blood coagulation factor X. Additionally, RRS-1 molecule showed preferable inhibition of a number of kinases targeted in antitumor and anti-inflammatory therapy. RRS-1, less than other studied molecules, interacted with the receptors of vitamin D3, thyroid hormone, acetylcholine, cannabinoids and opioids, orexin, and various metabolic enzymes, which is important in assessment of the safety of using drugs based on this molecule. RRS-1 characteristically exhibited a moderate profile of antivitamin action: the total score of vitamin and mineral loss (7.4±3.7) was significantly less in comparison to diclofenac (11.7±4.5) and was actually on the same level as nimesulide (6.9±3.7) and ketorolac (6.7±3.6).

Conclusion. Chemoreactomic and chemoproteomic profiling of RRS-1 candidate molecule provided pre-experimental assessments of its efficacy and safety through modeling interactions with the human proteome.
Review of open libraries for pharmacoeconomic analysis in R environment
Authors: Lackman I. A. , Sladkov R. I. , Timiryanova V. M.
Published: October 2024

Background. To reveal the full complexity of the relationship between medical intervention and disease outcome, new methods of analysis and modeling are actively being developed, and tools are becoming more complex, for the use of which it is important to understand their limitations and advantages.

Objective: conducting a critical review of the main open-source packages in R environment for conducting pharmacoeconomic analysis.

Material and methods. The selection of libraries used for pharmacoeconomic analysis in the R environment was carried out based on the keywords “health economic”, “DALY”, “QALY” in the CRAN repository. Only libraries that were valid on the date of the review were included in the study. The selected 10 R software libraries for pharmacoeconomic analysis were reviewed from the standpoint of the number of tools they support, the format of the data used, the possibilities of visualizing results and generating reports, the presence of vignettes and the possibilities of parallelizing calculations.

Results. The selected libraries can be divided into three classes: packages for calculating various quality of life indices, libraries for calculating indicators and indices of economic effectiveness of medical interventions (DALY, QALY, ICER), libraries for performing sensitivity analysis of the effect of medical interventions based on decision tree algorithms and Markov models. The libraries “heemod”, “hesim”, “rdesign” allow building simple Markov and semi-Markov models, but preference should be given to “heemod” due to the presence of vignettes. To conduct an analysis using cohort Markov models, partitioned survival models, it is recommended to use the “hesim” library, if there are gaps in the results, it is recommended to use “missingHE”. The “rdesigin” library allows building decision trees indicating the risk of developing certain conditions and the cost of therapy. The “survHE” library for survival analysis, used specifically in health economics, allows you to carry out probabilistic sensitivity analysis based on survival models. To calculate the survival models themselves to identify predictors of a patient's transition from one health state to another, you will need to additionally install the “flexsurv” library. To visualize the results of pharmacoeconomic modeling, you should additionally install the “diagram” and “ggplot2” libraries.

Conclusion. The conducted critical review of open source libraries in R environment can serve as a navigator for choosing a tool for performing pharmacoeconomic analysis.
The methods of perfecting the surface of titanium alloy-based endoprostheses used in pediatric oncology
Authors: Gorokhova Elizaveta K. , Markov Nikolay M. , Grachev Nikolai S. , Lopatin Andrey V. , Vorozhtsov Igor N. , Dudaeva Anna A.
Published: October 2024

The rehabilitation of pediatric patients with oncology diseases localized in the maxillofacial area is a complex and long-term process. Most frequently, the resection area involves the maxilla or the mandible, which, in turn, impairs the functioning of the whole dentofacial system. The restoration of the integrity of the facial structures is the key task in the treatment of such patients. One of the main materials used for reconstructing the jaws is the titanium alloy. However, despite its beneficial properties and characteristics, there is a high risk of inflammation, encapsulation or failure of the endoprosthesis. The aim of the research was to analyze the data available up to date on the methods of perfecting the surfaces of titanium endoprostheses based on the published research works. After analyzing the articles devoted to the modification of the surface of titanium constructions used for endoprosthetics, for the period from 2008 until 2022 (n=41), we came to a conclusion that the modification of the surface of titanium endoprostheses results in an increase in its osteointegration, which decreases the risks of failure for the constructions.
Tannerella forsythia as one of severity degree predictors for chronic generalized periodontitis
Authors: Yashnova Nadezhda B. , Pinelis Yury I. , Dutova Anastasia A. , Yashnov Alexey A.
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND: Chronic generalized periodontitis takes the second place by the occurrence rate worldwide among the diseases of the maxillofacial area. High significance of preventing and early diagnostics for chronic generalized periodontitis is defined by the early tooth loss, by the decrease in chewing efficiency and by the development of chronic infection foci. It is known that the main etiology factor of chronic periodontitis is the microbial one, including the representative of the oral cavity microbiota — Tannerella forsythia, which is a Gram-negative, anaerobic bacterium.
AIM: To verify the presence of T. forsythia in cases of chronic generalized periodontitis depending on the disease severity.
METHODS: The research included 126 patients with chronic generalized periodontitis of various severity degree, for which, an analysis of the content of periodontal recess was carried out. In the control group, consisting of individuals with no periodontal tissue abnormalities (n=39), the content of gingival sulcus was analyzed. The samples were examined using the method of polymerase chain reaction following the real time mode by means of employing the DT-96 detection thermocycler (DNA-Tekhnologia NPO) and the «ParadontoScreen» test kit.
RESULTS: The findings included a high direct correlation between the rate of detecting T. forsythia and the severity degree of the course of chronic periodontitis (the correlation coefficient value was found to be 0.997; p 0.05). A strong direct relation (0.948; p 0.05) was demonstrated between the concentration of T. forsythia genomic equivalent and the severity degree of chronic periodontitis.
CONCLUSION: The conducted research has shown that the concentration of T. forsythia is a predictor for severity degree of chronic periodontitis.
Using immersive virtual environments for teaching and socializing children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Kugurakova Vlada V. , Guzelbaeva Guzel Ya. , Sadretdinova Elvira A. , Boltushkin Anton A.
Published: October 2024

The authors' research interests are focused on the development of preschool children with autism spectrum disorder and the potential of virtual reality technologies for teaching and developing children in a gaming environment. The article reviews articles published in peer-reviewed journals and posted in the Scopus database and the Google Scholar search engine for scientific publications over the past 10 years. The objective of the review is to identify international research experience regarding the impact of virtual environments and hardware on children with autism spectrum disorder, their potential effectiveness, recommended conditions and limitations of using virtual reality for social adaptation, development of communication, cognitive and motivational skills. The articles analyzed in the review focus on the following issues: the potential and results of using different types of virtual reality technologies for developing various skills and abilities in children with autism; using virtual reality to work with problems and risks; as well as the features, limitations and safety of using virtual reality headsets by children with autism spectrum disorder. It is recommended to use immersive virtual environments for children with autism under the following conditions: the presence of close and trusted people (caregivers or parents), the presence of real game objects for switching children after exiting the virtual environment and distracting attention from possible negative effects of using gadgets, continuing communication with the child after a virtual reality session in a normal physical space to practice the skill being taught, specific time limits for staying in the virtual environment, etc. It is concluded that the results of using virtual reality technologies remain contradictory, but valid data from scientific research allow us to assert that the use of immersive virtual environments is acceptable, can be effective for teaching children with autism spectrum disorder and, if certain conditions are met, is adequately perceived by them.
Use of porous adhesive cement for fixation of fragments in fractures of the lower jaw
Authors: Soltanov Sahil S. , Raginov Ivan S. , Ksembaev Said S. , Ivanov Oleg A. , Khisamutdinov Alfir N.
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:The preferred method of treating mandibular fractures is surgical, but it also has problems due to a number of complications associated with the presence of a metal structure in the surgical wound.
AIM:To improve the efficiency of surgical treatment for mandibular fractures by developing and experimentally testing amethod for fixing mandibular fragments using porous adhesive cement.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:The experiments were performed on 30male Agouti guinea pigs, which were divided into two groups: the main group— 20animals, the comparison group— 10guinea pigs. A mandible fracture was modeled in all animals. In the main group, the fragments were fixed with porous glue-cement “Rekost”, in the comparison group— with abone wire suture. All animals received prophylactic antibacterial therapy. All manipulations were performed under combined anesthesia. The statistical significance of the differences in the compared groups was assessed using Fisher's criterion. For all comparisons, the selected level of statistical significance was 5% (p≤0.05).
RESULTS:The use of the method developed by us for fixation of bone fragments in mandible fractures allowed us to achieve a positive result in all 20laboratory animals included in the study. This was confirmed by the results of histological studies in the dynamics of observation: a reliable difference was established between the main group and the comparison group in the severity of inflammation signs on the 14th day, as well as the severity of regeneration signs. It was found that the use of porous glue-cement for fixation of mandible fragments, in contrast to bone wire suture, allows for reliable consolidation of bone fragments for the entire period of treatment (according to X-ray diagnostic data) and to stop by the 14th day (according to histological studies) signs of inflammation in the bone wound (no leukocyte infiltration and vascular congestion). In this case, the glue allows filling the fusion area with developing bone tissue by the 90th day of observation (according to histological studies) and excluding repeated surgical intervention to remove the fixing structure, since the porous adhesive cement, according to histological studies, was absorbed by the 90th day of observation, which indicates its biodegradable properties.
CONCLUSION:The use of porous adhesive cement for fixation of mandibular fragments demonstrated better properties compared to bone wire suture.
The relationship between serum interleukin-1β and circulating CD16+ neutrophils for assessing progression-free time in advanced ovarian cancer
Authors: Abakumova Tatyana V. , Antoneeva Inna I. , Gening Snezhanna O. , Burkhanova Elizaveta V. , Gening Tatyana P.
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer is the most aggressive gynecological tumor with high mortality. The ambivalent, both helper and suppressive effects of neutrophils on the cells of innate and adaptive immunity determines their important immunoregulatory role in the development of malignant tumors.
AIM: Evaluation of the effect of serum interleukin-1β and circulating neutrophils CD16+ on progression-free time in advanced ovarian cancer.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: In 42 primary patients with serous ovarian adenocarcinoma (median age 54 years) with ascites and 15 patients with benign ovarian tumors (median age 60 years) admitted for examination and treatment to the Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary before receiving neoadjuvant antitumor treatment (2015–2020), the level of interleukin-1β in the blood serum was determined using enzyme immunoassay, and the number of CD16+ neutrophils was determined by fluorescence microscopy using monoclonal antibodies. Statistical processing was performed using Statistica 13 and Jamovi 2.4.14 programs. Progression-free time analysis of patients was performed using the Cox and Kaplan–Meier regression methods.
RESULTS: It was found that the number of circulating CD16+ neutrophils in advanced ovarian cancer with ascites was lower than in benign ovarian tumors [48.0; 95% confidence interval (CI) 46.59–48.12 versus 50.0; 95% CI 48.51–49.76; p=0.017]. At the same time, the level of interleukin-1β in the blood serum in advanced ovarian cancer with ascites was higher than in benign ovarian tumors [2.52 (95% CI 2.50–3.37) versus 1.26 (95% CI 0.97–1.55) (p=0.0001)]. In multivariate Cox analysis in patients with ascites (odds ratio 4.334; 95% CI 1.83–10.23; p=0.001), both the CD16+ neutrophil count (odds ratio 0.73; 95% CI 0.62–0.86; p=0.0001) and serum interleukin-1β levels (odds ratio 1.90; 95% CI 1.41–2.57; p=0.0001) had prognostic significance for assessing progression-free time.
CONCLUSION: The number of circulating CD16+ neutrophils and serum interleukin-1β levels simultaneously affect progression-free time in advanced ovarian cancer.