bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ensuring the reliability and reduction of quality control costs by minimizing process variability
Authors: Rogalewicz Michał , Kujawińska Agnieszka , Feledziak Adrianna
Published: March 2023

This paper presents a method for planning the range of quality control
while ensuring its reliability and minimizing costs. The method is
dedicated to destructive inspection, in which the cost of performing the
measurement is significant in relation to the cost of manufacturing a part
or product. The methodology was divided into four main stages: (1)
selection of the measurement system and definition of the inspection
scope and sample size, (2) process control, (3) redefining the scope of
control and (4) verification of control cost and reliability after sample
size change. The article presents the results of applying the author's
procedure to the process of evaluating seat belts in automotive industry.
Belts are used in the process of controlling the final product, which is a
seat belt anchor plate. This approach allowed to reduce the number of
destroyed parts during control while maintaining the credibility of the
decision based on the assessment. As a result of double-decreasing the
sample size, the costs of seat belt quality control were reduced.
Assuming an average of 40 seat belt deliveries per year, the material cost
was reduced by 50%. Limiting the sample size to 15 pieces per delivery
would reduce the cost of testing from by 45%. It was achieved
maintaining the appropriate level of credibility of decisions made greater
than 0.8.
METHODOLOGICAL AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK OF THE CONCEPT OF THE RESILIENCY OF SUPPORT SUBSYSTEM OF THE UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ECONOMY IN THE CONDITIONS OF SHOCK DISTURBANCE
Authors:   National University of Food Technologies, Burlutska Sv. , Burlutskyi S. ,   Medicos del Mundo (MdM), Kyiv, Margasova V. ,   Chernihiv Polytechnic National University
Published: March 2023

The paper deals with the methodological and theoretical substantiation and practical verification of the feasibility of applying the concept of resilience to assess the impact of shocks on the supply subsystem of the Ukrainian national economy. The paper suggests that the supply subsystem of the national economy has resilience properties and can absorb shock disturbances through both static and adaptive mechanisms. At the theoretical level of research, it was proposed to distinguish between the dynamic and static components of the resilience of the socio-economic system. It has been found that the ability of a socioeconomic system to absorb shocks after a crisis can be an innate or adaptive quality. It is proposed to understand innate resilience as a systemic ability to withstand crises. At the same time, a set of additional efforts or measures forms adaptive resilience and determines the ability of the socioeconomic system to maintain its own functioning in crisis situations. It is shown that in the lack of adequate statistical information specifying the national economic output the empirical level of research can be based on quasi-indices of economic activity expectations. Based on this assumption, the study proposes the use of the business activity expectations index (BAEI) of the National Bank of Ukraine for indirect estimates of economic performance. It is determined that in the conditions of military aggression of the Russian Federation, the national economy of Ukraine demonstrates a fairly significant static resilience with signs of relative recovery. At the same time, at the level of the supply subsystem, a trend of deployment of a long-term financial and economic crisis is being formed, both due to the loss of natural and produced capital, and the release of a significant amount of human capital from aggregate production. Medium- and short-term trends in the recovery of both business activity and the static resilience indicators are a sign of adaptive efforts on the part of the state and significant external financial support for Ukraine in 2022.
ENERGY SECTOR OF UKRAINE AND ITS ROLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW GLOBAL ENERGY SECURITY PARADIGM
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, Kharchenko T.B. , Sagaydack Yu.A. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, Diachkova Ya.O. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: March 2023

The state, dynamics and development trends of the energy market of Ukraine in recent years are taken into consideration in the paper. The key problems of the global energy market are identified, in particular, persistent dependence on fossil fuels, lack of diversification of energy supply sources in most European countries, which endangers national and energy security. The structure of the energy sector of Ukraine is analyzed, its main formation elements, the prospects for development and involvement in the use of the country's energy resources on the European market are determined. The main components of energy security, approaches to their assessment and research are defined. It is noted that the main way to overcome existing threats in the energy market is to reduce dependence on external factors and identify internal reserves. The potential of the Ukrainian energy system is analyzed from the point of view of identifying the potential and integration into the world and European systems, providing the economy with energy resources. The current state of affairs regarding the formation of stocks for the winter period in Ukraine and the ability to supply the domestic market have been studied. The structure of the energy sector of the world's largest countries, including European ones, is defined. The main steps taken by the government to reform the Ukrainian energy market, including increasing the share of renewable energy sources, infrastructure development through integration and digital transformation (political, infrastructural and technological solutions) are indicated. The basic provisions of the European Green Course have been analyzed. The first results of the implementation of the latest energy security strategy, which envisages an increase in energy saving and energy efficiency, diversification of imports and integration into the EU energy space, are evaluated.
DIGITALIZATION AMPFLIFICATION EFFECT ON INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC STABILITY
Authors:   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, Parubets S.
Published: March 2023

The definition of the digital economy is considered, as such, which can be characterized by activities related to the creation, dissemination, and use of digital technologies and related products and services. Today, digitalization is essentially implemented to encourage the development of ICT, promoting the informational openness of society, and providing the necessary opportunities for access to services and information offered by ICT. The study of domestic and foreign literature demonstrates the existence of an objective connection between the digital economy and the traditional economy. The advantages of the digital economy are fast ordering and delivery of the required product or service, lower prices for the end consumer due to the elimination of intermediaries, and a simpler process of selecting suppliers and customers. According to studies, digitalization provides incremental economic growth: countries that are at the most advanced stage of digitalization receive 20 percent more economic benefits than countries that are in the initial stage. Digitization has a proven impact on reducing unemployment, improving the quality of life, and increasing citizens' access to public services. During the pandemic, consumers have shifted dramatically to online channels, and accordingly, companies and industries have actively responded to these systemic changes. Statistics also confirm the rapid shift to customer engagement through digital channels. Accordingly, digital technologies have the potential to drive more inclusive and sustainable growth by driving innovation, increasing efficiency, and improving services. They are also an important tool to help countries confront and recover from the COVID-19 pandemic. Digital technologies are used to stabilize socio-economic processes in the conditions of modern global challenges - high inflation, energy, and food crisis, and negative consequences of Russian military aggression in Ukraine.
THE LOGO-THERAPEUTIC APPROACH TO PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAUMAS OBTAINED BECAUSE OF THE RUSSIA MALEFICENT WAR IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Moskalets V. P.
Published: March 2023

The Russian war crimes in Ukraine traumatize the psyche by violent alienation from humanity - they destroy the very foundations of the solidarity in people's life and the basic conditions of mental health: security of existence, justice and freedom. But such frustrations as hopelessness and “compensatory violence”, the most destructive reactions to this alienation, are countered by the real prospect for reliable restoration of these foundations in the near future - Ukraine with the help of the entire democratic world will protect goodness, humanity from the maddened evil. Thus, the main article hypothesis is: the righteousness of Ukraine's war against Russia and the real perspective of humanistic future after our victory is a guarantee for the effectiveness of the logo-therapeutic approach applied to psychological traumas obtained during this war. A significant consequence of a psychological trauma is loss by an individual of interest in his/her present or future (Z. Freud). Therefore, a necessary condition and a powerful factor of psychological rehabilitation for people with psychological traumas is the restoration of such interest. An individual's interests, which fill him/her with vital energy, are integrated into his/her meaning of life. The vital meaning of life is a necessary condition and a leading factor for an individual's normal formation and functioning, for his/her mental health (V. Frankl). Such meanings are based on universal values: 1) creativity; 2) experiences; 3) attitudes. The article substantiates the hypothesis that if the logo-therapeutic approach is applied to the psychological traumas obtained because of Russia's maleficent war in Ukraine, first of all, the attitude values “work”, which motivational and dynamic basis is freedom of choice manifested by an individual - the ability to choose one's attitude to one's own fate. In logo-therapy, a universal sanogenic attitude to all significant losses and destructions is based on an individual's belief in “super-meaning” - in the existing God who loves people, who gives a high meaning to the existence of humanity at all and every person and who nourishes hope for a happy ending of earthly suffering. We have shown how such faith overcomes the state of hopelessness, loss of interest in life, etc. caused by psychological traumas. The working procedure for clients with neurotic-fatalistic fixation on the consequences of their psychological traumas is highlighted. The efforts applied by an individual during this procedure is to make an existential choice of good, manifested ultimately is love, in the ability to care sincerely. An individual who cares with love feels his/her life-giving force, which fills him/her with sanogenic comfort - a powerful incentive to interest in life.
THE RELATIONS OF APPLICANTS’ ANXIETY AND THEIR LEVEL OF SUBJECTIVE CONTROL DURING INTERVIEWS FOR VACANT POSITIONS IN THE IT SPHERE
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, Pankovets V. L. , Sbitneva M. S. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: March 2023

The article presents the results of a theoretical and empirical study on relations between various manifestations of anxiety and indicators of the locus of control in applicants for filling vacant IT positions. Researchers' views on anxiety and its types depending on life and professional situations are described. The performed theoretical analysis has shown that interview anxiety is a common problem in today's stressful and fast-paced work environment. This is especially true for applicants for IT vacancies, as the evaluative and competitive nature of the selection process often creates feelings of anxiety, frustration and distress. Accordingly, applicants' anxiety during job interviews has serious consequences, as it may undermine the predictive validity of the interviews and lead to the selection of less promising candidates. In particular, high anxiety may lead to low interview performance, despite the fact that the applicant may demonstrate high performance on professional tasks in the future. We empirically found that applicants for filling vacant IT positions during interviews were more anxious in situations where they had to show examples of their work and cared the least about others' opinions about their appearance. As for general internality, the IT representatives in the studied sample were externals, they believed that most of the circumstances occurring in their own lives were a coincidence. This was the most evident in the areas of: health, interpersonal relationships and readiness for activities related to overcoming difficulties. At the same time, the respondents classified themselves as internal in the field of personal achievements. We found that the respondents showing externality in the field of achievements, their own health and with increased focus on their own failures had high anxiety when interviewing for IT positions. On the contrary, anxiety about the appearance during interviewing increases among those applicants who were internal in professional achievements and about their own life in general.
THE RELATIONS BETWEEN PARENTING STYLES AND ADOLESCENTS' VALUE ORIENTATIONS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, Rohal N. І. , Synelnykov R. Yu. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, Matviichuk K. Yu. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: March 2023

The article examines the relations between parenting styles and adolescents' value orientations. The performed theoretical analysis has showed that value orientations determine behavioural patterns, an individual's internal readiness for some activities in order to achieve certain goals and satisfy one's own needs. Entering adolescence, children begin to evaluate attitudes of their parents, their place in the family and their own importance in a new way, which serves as the basis for their value orientations. We found that families applied different parenting styles to adolescents to the same extent, but indifferent and authoritarian styles had a slight predominance. The most significant values for adolescents were “conformity”, “hedonism”, “kindness”, “security”, “stimulation”, “power” and “achievement”, the least significant values were “independence”, “universalism” and “traditions”. Existing correlations between family educational styles and adolescents' value orientations were revealed and described. The largest number of links was between the authoritative parenting style and adolescents' values: traditions, independence, stimulation, power and conformity (the last relation was inverse); between the liberal style and the values: kindness, universalism, security (direct links) and traditions and achievements (inverse). This showed that acceptance and a warm emotional attitude towards an adolescent was associated with developed independence, a desire for activities, for excitement, formed ideas about the importance of group solidarity and absent fear to violate social expectations and norms, in particular, when such violations could harm an adolescent oneself. Vice versa, emotional indifference of parents, distance towards their children formed such values at adolescent that were aimed at loved ones' well-being, tolerance, acceptance, understanding of others (which could be a kind of compensation) and low importance of one's own achievements. The lowest number of connections was found between the authoritarian parenting style and conformity (direct) and independence and security (inverse); between the liberal style and conformity (direct) and achievement and power (inverse). This meant that, under low acceptance, a directive parental style, adolescents felt the importance to subordinate to other people's positions and opinions and their independence in making decisions and taking actions was low. Permissiveness and minimization of parental control, which were characteristic of the liberal style, are associated in adolescents with importance of submission and decreased importance of personal success through the demonstration of one's own competence.
PSYCHOLOGICAL PECULARITIES OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CONSUMER BEHAVIOR AND PERSONAL RELIGIOUS ORIENTATION
Authors:   Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, Savelyuk N. M. , Sliusarenko K. Y. ,   Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University
Published: March 2023

The article briefly analyzes the concept of «consumer behavior» theoretically and characterizes it’s main types: «individualists», «innovators», «fashionistas», «traditionalists», «conservatives», «situativists», «indifferents». A number of factors through which religion affects consumer behavior are substantiated. The peculiarities of the external (extrinsic) and internal (intrinsic) religious orientations are revealed. The purpose of the research is formulated – to investigate empirically and interpret theoretically the predicted relationships between types of consumer behavior and features of personal religiosity (external and internal). Based on the results of the research, it was established that indicators of both extrinsic and intrinsic religiosity of the respondents are to the greatest extent interconnected with the tendency to demonstrate psychological features of the «Innovator» type. It was found that extrinsic religious orientation is more unambiguous in terms of explained correlations with various types of consumer behavior. As it was empirically proved, in this context extrinsic religiosity is completely «individualistic» and «situational», as well as mostly «innovative» and «fashion-oriented»; instead, intrinsic religiosity has a contradictory system of correlations with manifestations of major types of consumer behavior. In connection with the obtained results, the prospects for further research are determined, related, in particular, to the additional study of the internal homogeneity of the intrinsic items of the «Religious Orientation Scale» by G. Allport and J. Ross.
TÜRKİYE’DE BİLİMİN DOĞASI KONUSUNDA YAPILAN TEZLERE YÖNELİK BİR BETİMSEL İÇERİK ANALİZİ
Authors: Üçer Erdemir Aysun , Dinçol Özgür Sinem
Published: March 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Türkiye’de “bilimin doğası” konusunda yapılan lisansüstü tezlerin içerik analizinin yapılarak, tezlerdeki genel araştırma eğilimlerinin belirlenmesidir. Bu amaç için 2015 ile 2021 yılları arasında tamamlanmış olan, Yüksek Öğretim Kurulu Başkanlığı Tez Merkezi’nde tam metin ulaşımına izin verilen 99 tez araştırmaya dâhil edilmiştir. Verilerin analizi için içerik analizi yapılarak, ulaşılan veriler araştırmacılar tarafından belirlenen “araştırmanın türü, yapıldığı üniversite, enstitü ana bilim dalı, yazım dili, yayın yılı, amaçları, amaçlara ulaşmada gerçekleştirilen süreç, araştırma yöntem ve deseni, örneklem düzeyi ile büyüklüğü, veri toplama araçları ve veri analiz yöntemleri” açısından incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, “bilimin doğası” konusunda çoğunlukla yüksek lisans düzeyinde ve ilköğretim/temel eğitim enstitü ana bilim dalında çalışmalar yapıldığı belirlenmiştir. En fazla tez çalışmasının 2019 yılında yapıldığı ve tezlerde çoğunlukla öğretim kuram/model/yaklaşım/yöntem/tekniklerin etkisinin incelendiği görülmüştür. Tezlerde çoğunlukla karma araştırma yöntemi ve nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden yarı deneysel desen kullanılmıştır. İncelenen tezlerde örneklem grubunun daha çok fen bilgisi öğretmen adayları ile 7.sınıf öğrencilerinden oluştuğu, veri toplama aracı olarak çoğunlukla anketlerin kullanıldığı, verilerin analizinde çoğunlukla nitel yöntemlerden içerik analizinin, nicel analiz yöntemlerinden ise t-testi, ANOVA yapıldığı tespit edilmiştir.
EVALUATION OF EFFECTIVE REPENTANCE IN THE PUNISHMENT OF TAX EVASION CRIMES IN TERMS OF TURKISH TAX CRIMINAL LAW PRINCIPLES
Authors: Buluttekin Mehmet Burak , İçten M. Polat
Published: March 2023

Effective repentance in the punishment of tax evasion crimes is regulated by Article 4 and 6 of The Law on Amendments of Treasury-Owned Immovable Property Valuation and the Value Added Tax Law and The Law on Amendments of Certain Other Laws and Decrees (Law No. 7394, dated 08.04.2022) with the provisions added to Article 359 and Provisional Article 34 of Tax Procedure Law (Law No. 213, dated 04.01.1961). Accordingly, if they meet the conditions determined in the Law, it will be possible to reduce the freedom-binding penalties to be imposed on tax evasion crimes. Effective repentance provisions in tax evasion offenses are applicable at the stages of investigation, prosecution and execution, but also allow the reduction of half or one third of the freedom-binding punishments to be imposed according to their conditions. It is stated in the doctrine that effective repentance regulation may cause some problems. These discussions are made the violation of the regulation conditions on some constitutional principles, the acts of arranging or using a misleading document related to its content are considered together within the scope of a successive crime, the time and procedure of the payment related to the taxation envisaged to be made in order to benefit from the effective repentance provisions during the investigation, prosecution and execution stages, opinion requirement, and how to apply effective repentance provisions at the stage of ordinary legal remedies. From this point of view, in this article, it is aimed to evaluate the effective repentance regulation in terms of tax criminal law principles, according to the principles of constitutional, criminal and tax law. Along with the legal regulation, the Court of Cassation also envisaged the implementation of effective repentance provisions in the punishment of tax evasion crimes during the prosecution stage, and these decisions were also included in the scope of the article.
The Structure of Level-2 Semi-directed Binary Phylogenetic Networks
Authors: Özbaltan Nihan
Published: March 2023

Phylogenetic trees describe evolution but due to hybridization events, recombination events or lateral gene transfer, it can be represented as a phylogenetic network. In phylogenetic networks, some of the branches of tree combine and create a reticulation node. Level of a network is decided to look at how many nodes in a connected component in a network. In this research, Int this paper, the structure of directed and undirected level-2 networks and how the can be decomposed into level-2 generators is studied..
The Differential Equations of Conformable Curve in IR^2
Authors: Özel Şeyda , Bektaş Mehmet
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we get some characterizations of conformable curve in R^2. We investigate the conformable curve in R^2. We define the tangent vector of the curve using the conformable derivative and the arc parameter s. Then, we get the Frenet formulas with conformable frames. Moreover, we define the location vector of conformable curve according to Frenet frame in the plane R^2.
Finally, we obtain the differential equation characterizing location vector and curvature of conformable curve in the plane R^2.
Ibuprofen and Paracetamol when They Meet: Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules Perspective
Authors: Parlak Cemal , Alver Özgür , Bağlayan Özge , Demirel Onur
Published: March 2023

Ibuprofen (IBP) and paracetamol (PCM) are widely used and prescribed two drugs for particularly their effects in reducing pain and fever. For enhanced pain relief, combinations of IBP and PCM are considered another option rather than taken each drug alone. In the scope of this work, the possible structural interaction edges, some important electronic properties and the binding energy evaluations of the IBP&PCM system were examined with density functional theory (DFT) and quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM). Further, all the configurations were subjected to biological activity evaluations. It was observed that hydrogen bonding interactions are possible for the examined drug couple and configuration 4 is the most stable form whereas C1 and C6 are better inhibitors. Therefore, possible advantages and disadvantages or possible side effects must be taken into account before combining these two important drug molecules.
Evaluating the Goodness of Fit of Generalized Nakagami Distribution
Authors: Özonur Deniz
Published: March 2023

The Generalized Nakagami distribution is a popular distribution in wireless communication. This distribution includes the Nakagami distribution as a special case. Likelihood ratio, score, and two C(α) tests are developed to evaluate the fit of Nakagami distribution against Generalized Nakagami distribution. A Monte Carlo simulation study is performed in order to investigate the performance of these tests with regard to Type I errors and powers of tests. Finally, two data sets are analyzed using the proposed goodness of fit tests.
Toxicity of Paraquat and Dicamba on Caenorhabditis Elegans LC50 Value
Authors: Zöngür Alper , Sari Musa
Published: March 2023

Paraquat and dicamba are chemicals commonly used in agriculture for plant control. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has classified paraquat into a restricted use class for use only by practitioners, as it is highly toxic. In this study, the effects of different concentrations of paraquat and dicamba toxic substances on C. elegans were studied. In tests, C. elegans were directly exposed to different concentrations of paraquat and dicamba for 6h, 12h, 18h, 24h. In particular, it was determined at which paraquat and dicamba doses that half of the C. elegans individuals (LC50) died. In the analysis results, paraquat LC50 values were found as LC50 6h= LC50 6h= 7412 µM, LC50 12h= 459 µM, LC50 18h= 123 µM, LC50 24h= 61 µM. Similarly, dicamba LC50 values were found as LC50 6h= 14610 µM, LC50 12h= 1404 µM, LC50 18h= 906 µM, LC50 24h= 463 µM.
Antimicrobial Properties of Biocompatible Poly (Ɛ-Caprolactone) Treated with Plant Extract
Authors: Selçuk Pekdemir Sibel , İnci Şule , Pekdemir Mustafa Ersin , Kırbağ Sevda
Published: March 2023

Poly (ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) was synthesized using ethylene glycol initiator and catalyst accompanied by ring-opening polymerization method. The number average molecular weight (Mn) of the obtained polymer was found to be 4000 gmol-1. In addition, the characteristic signals of PCL were determined with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Decomposition temperatures were investigated by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and melting temperatures (Tm) were investigated by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Tm of PCL at 57.3 °C was observed. PCL was treated with Rumex patientia L. ethanolic plant extract and its effects on Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603, Bacillus megaterium DSM32, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Escherichia coli ATCC25322, and Candida albicans FMC17 microorganisms were examined. It was determined that PCL, which did not show antimicrobial activity, showed antimicrobial activity on some microorganisms after being treated with the plant.
Variation in Measurements of Some Body Parts of Laodelphax striatella (Fallén, 1826) (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Delphacidae) due to Altitude
Authors: Karavin Murat , Zeybekoğlu Ünal
Published: March 2023

The small brown planthopper Laodelphax striatella (Fallén, 1826), which belongs to Delphacidae family, is widespread in Palearctic. It is one of the important pests of agricultural crops such as rice, maize, oat, wheat etc. Because of its economic importance, identification of the factors that effective on L. striatella populations is required. Size of body parts closely related with vital processes such as metabolic performance, fecundity, and longevity. Several ecological factors such as light, temperature, water supply and moisture were effective on body size. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of altitude on some body measurements of L. striatella. Because light, temperature, precipitation and some of the other factors vary based on altitude, it is an important ecological factor for organisms. Understanding the effects of altitude on insect species may give useful information about them. The specimens were collected from three localities at different altitudes in Central Black Sea Region, Turkey. Except wing length, all the measurements of the body parts varied proportionally with increasing altitude. Statistically significant variations were determined in the measurements of head width, pronotum length, pronotum width, mesonotum width and forewing width. The maximum head, pronotum, mesonotum and forewing width (0.623, 0.686,0.707 and 0.730 mm, respectively) and pronotum length (0.172 mm) was measured at 50 m. The minimum measurements of these body parts were at 900 m. Additionally, relationships were determined between measured body parts and altitude.
Parameters Estimation for the Unit log-log Distribution
Authors: Korkmaz Mustafa Ç. , Karakaya Kadir , Akdoğan Yunus , Ünal Yener
Published: March 2023

In this paper, point estimation problem of two unknown parameters of the unit log-log distribution is examined. For point estimation, six methods of estimate such as maximum likelihood, maximum product spacing, Anderson-Darling, least squares, weighted least squares, and Cramer-von Mises are examined in detail. Extensive simulation experiments are conducted to compare the effectiveness of these estimators based on bias and mean squared errors. According to the simulation results, it is seen that all estimators performed well in terms of two criteria and take close values in case of large sample. Moreover, practical data applications are performed for all estimators. Results of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistics are reported for all estimators in practical applications.
Common Fixed Point Results for Suzuki Type Contractions on Partial Metric Spaces with an Application
Authors: Özkan Kübra
Published: March 2023

In this article, we prove a common fixed point theorem for Suzuki type contractions on complete partial metric spaces. Moreover, we state some corollaries related to Suzuki type common fixed point theorem. And we give an example where we apply our main theorem on complete partial metric spaces. Finally, to show usability of our results, we give its an application showing existence and uniqueness of a common solution for a class of functional equations in dynamic programming.
The Effect of Two Different Botulinum Neurotoxin A On The Cortical Neuron Cells In Terms of Apoptosis and MMP 2, MMP 7, and MMP9 Localizations
Authors: Şahin İnan Deniz , Akın Polat Zübeyde , Hamutoğlu Rasim
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to associate the possible cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of Botox (Allergan) and Dysport (Ipsen) and immunolocalization of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) proteins with HCN2 cortical neuron cell line. Accordingly, cytotoxic potentials of Botox and Dysport were determined on different concentrations. Then, the apoptosis rates of these cells were evaluated by TUNEL method. MMP2, MMP7, and MMP9 proteins were also visualized using immunofluorescence method. There was a significant difference in cytotoxicity between those treated with 3.2, 6.4, and 12.8IU compared with the control. The Dysport 12.8 IU group was statistically more toxic than Botox group at the same concentration. Therefore, the number of apoptotic cells increased from 0.1 IU in Botox and 0.01 IU in Dysport groups compared to the control. The number of apoptotic cells was significantly higher in Dysport group at 1.6, 3.2, 6.4, and 12.8 IU concentrations than in Botox group. It was determined that MMPs increased gradually at the concentrations where the number of apoptotic cells was highest compared to the control group. As a result, we consider that it may be necessary to deal with the dose adjustment in Botox and Dysport applications, together with detailed studies to be carried out in the future.
Water-Soluble Quaternized Serotonin Substituted Zinc-Phthalocyanine for Photodynamic Therapy Applications
Authors: Yabaş Ebru , Erden Fuat
Published: March 2023

Poor water solubility is the main drawback of phthalocyanine (Pc)-based second generation photosensitizing agents in photodynamic therapy (PDT). To resolve this, we proposed preparation of quaternized serotonin substituted zinc phthalocyanine (q-Ser-ZnPc) since the positive charge on quaternary amines could improve water-solubility and might limit self-interactions of hydrophobic aromatic surface of Pc in aqueous solutions. Briefly, serotonin substituted phthalonitrile was prepared by reaction of 4-nitrophthalonitrile with 5-hydroxytryptamine (Serotonin). Serotonin substituted zinc(II) phthalocyanine (Ser-ZnPc) was prepared by cyclotetramerization of serotonin substituted phthalonitrile. Then, q-Ser-ZnPc was prepared by the quaternization reaction of Ser-ZnPc. The synthesized compounds were characterized by 1H-NMR, UV-Vis, FT-IR, fluorescence, and elemental analysis. Importantly, unlike ZnPc, which is among most widely used second generation photosensitizing agents, we report that q-Ser-ZnPc is actually water-soluble. Besides, q-Ser-ZnPc also absorbs light in the wavelengths corresponding to the therapeutic window. What’s more, q-Ser-ZnPc exhibits a higher fluorescence quantum yield than that of ZnPc. Thus, the material might be useful particularly for image-guided PDT applications.
Silver Nanoparticles Capped with Poly[(maleic anhydride)-co-(vinyl acetate)]
Authors: Ayas Gamze , Karakuş Gülderen
Published: March 2023

Anhydride containing functional co-polymer, Poly[(maleic anhydride)-co-(vinyl acetate)] (pMAVAc) was synthesized by free radical polymerization reaction presence of methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) media with benzoyl peroxide radical initiation at 80 ◦C. Surface modification of pMAVAc was carried out with silver to obtain size specific silver nanocomposites by well-known chemical-reduction approach. Structural characterizations of the samples were performed spectroscopic measurement and surface morphology identification using Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), respectively. Results obtained from the ATR-FTIR analysis, detection of the characteristic spectrum data of the co-polymer composition in pMAVAc-AgNPs nanocomposite is proof that the co-polymer structure remains unchanged after treatment. The size and morphological properties of the silver nanoparticles were compatible with the characteristic nanomaterial structure and their average size was found to be 35 nm. In addition, as expected, MAVA-AgNPs nanocomposite, the detection of 79.73% Ag by mass is evidence of the high silver content in the material, and it was concluded that the co-polymer was successfully coated with silver. In recent years, considering the increasing importance of biocompatible nanomaterials in drug delivery systems and in pharmaceutical industry, the synthesized nanocomposites are thought to be a useful drug carrier system with potential antibacterial activity.
DNA Barcoding of Commercial Cockroaches in Turkey
Authors: Berk Şeyda , Pektaş Ayşe Nur
Published: March 2023

Accurate species identification has become a precondition for accomplished biodiversity administration and further genetic research. Species acquaintance technics require molecular tools such as DNA barcoding as well as morphological identification for accurate identification. Particularly, the application of subunit I of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase (COI) gene for DNA barcoding for insects has approved to be very useful in species acquaintance. The main aim of this study is to generate the first reference library of DNA barcode for cockroaches in Turkey using previously published data. As a result of the literature research, it has been observed that no study has been carried out on the DNA barcode of Turkish cockroaches. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the advantage of DNA barcoding applied to two cockroach samples from Turkey for the first time. Our working samples implicated 10 DNA barcodes grounded on sequences created from our present study and 109 other DNA barcodes from BOLD. Various molecular analyzes including genetic distance-origin assessment (NeighborJoining and Maximum Likelihood trees) has been applied to accurately identify and describe species. In addition, Blaptica dubia (B. dubia) (Serville, 1838) and Nauphoeta cinerea (N. cinerea) (Olivier, 1789) have been reported as the first country records. It has been observed that reference libraries like BOLD are not yet sufficiently populated with COI sequences of Turkish cockroach species. In order for Turkish cockroach bio-assessment and biodiversity studies to benefit from the advantages of DNA barcoding, it is of great importance that cockroach inventories and taxonomic studies include DNA barcodes.
Spectral Decompositions of the Difference Operator Δ^m over the Sequence Space cs
Authors: Durna Nuh , Özdemir Ömer
Published: March 2023

This study aims to bring together some studies on the spectra of difference operators in the literature over the cs sequence space and to provide a basis for related problems. So far, the problem has been solved up to a maximum of 2 orders on the sequence space cs. In this article, we discuss the difference operator Δ^m, represented by a (m+1) banded matrix, which generalizes the difference operators of the form Δ, Δ^2, B(r,s) and B(r,s,t) and we will give its boundedness, spectrum, fine spectrum and some spectral separations over the sequence space cs.
Determination of the Optimum Number of Short Reads to Obtain the Mitogenome in some Insect Orders
Authors: Budak Mahir
Published: March 2023

Sanger sequencing is frequently used as the final step in time-consuming extraction and enrichment processes for examining the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome). The development of next-generation or massively parallel sequencing has made it possible to consistently gather data at the nucleotide level with comparatively little difficulty. Additionally, reference-based genome assembly is now achievable thanks to the growing amount of mt genome data in databases. Consequently, acquiring the genome with fewer short-read counts reduces the financial load on research projects. The use of mitogenomes, particularly in the studies of systematic and population genetics of insects, have increased, and sequencing mitogenomes in non-model animals have become critical. Twelve species from four insect orders, each having a different-sized genome, were employed in the study. Short reads of these species, used in the study, were acquired from the SRA (The Sequence Read Archive) database. Alignments to the reference genome were carried out in triplicate for five different short read counts. It was observed that 0.092 (Chrysotoxum bicinctum) to 14.04 (Anopheles coluzzii) sequencing depth was needed to obtain the mitogenome with 100X coverage. This work aims to give researchers a better understanding of how much sequencing depth is necessary for mitogenome investigations.
Novel Bis-1,3,4-Thiadiazoles Derivatives: Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization, DFT Calculations and Evaluation of their Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities
Authors: Çakmak Şükriye , Çavuş Muhammet
Published: March 2023

Two new, bis-1,3,4-thiadiazoles derivatives (I and II), were prepared by cyclization reaction of oxalic acid with N-alkyl/allyl thiosemicarbazides and phosphorous oxychloride (POCl3). Then the newly prepared products screened for their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The biological activity results shown that tested compounds exhibited effective antibacterial activity against six different bacteria. However, the compound II demonstrated greater ABTS˙+ scavenging ability. The characterization of the synthesized molecules was done by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR spectroscopic methods and elemental analysis. Moreover, the experimental FT-IR and NMR spectra of the molecules were compared with the results calculated at the cc-pvtz, 6-311g(2d,2p), and 6-311++g(2d,2p) levels of theory. The effect of substituted groups on the spectral and electronic properties of the compounds was investigated. NCI and QTAIM analyses were performed to examine the effects of allyl group and intramolecular interactions on σ and π bonds. How the N-H bonds of the substituted groups affect the bond degrees was investigated using Fuzzy, Laplacian and Mayer approaches, and the relationship of the data with the antioxidant properties of the compounds was examined. In addition, the relationship between bond stretching force constant and intrinsic bond strength index, electron density, and delocalization index for some bonds was revealed.
An In Silico Approach to Define Potential Biomarkers of miRNA-Associated ceRNAs for Breast Cancer
Authors: Ozer Yaman Serap , Mısır Sema
Published: March 2023

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer with the highest incidence in women. Particularly in breast cancer, competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) play crucial roles in a variety of metabolic pathways including proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. The aim of the present study is to identify combinatorial target genes (ceRNAs) by employing in silico research to identify miRNAs specific to BC. The other aim was to determine possible biomarkers for the diagnosis of BC by selecting those containing the Transcribed Ultra Conserved Region (T-UCR). Using the miRWalk database, 40 miRNAs that have been experimentally shown to be clinically linked with BC were found. T-UCR-containing genes with potential ceRNA activity were identified. Genes with statistically significant changes in expression between BC and normal breast tissue were identified using the GEPIA. The relationship of the CLK3 and NFAT5 genes was found using the Spearman correlation test. The Spearman correlation test was used to determine the association between the CLK3 and NFAT5 genes, and the genes were found to be significantly less expressed in BC. The NFAT5 and CLK3 gene pair have been found to be associated with BC (p<0.001; r=0.35), and may function as useful biomarkers for BC.
Significance of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 in the pathogenesis of acne
Authors: Baytyakov Vladimir V. , Vlasova Svetlana A.
Published: March 2023

Background. The potential involvement of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 in the pathogenesis of acne may be due to direct stimulation of sebaceous gland cells, an increase in androgen synthesis in the endocrine glands, activation of 5-reductase, and an increase in the sensitivity of androgen receptors in tissues.
Aim. To study the level of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 in women of fertile age suffering from acne; to identify the dependence of these indicators on the clinical and anamnestic features of the disease and the nature of the nutrition of patients.
Material and methods. 60 patients suffering from acne (mean age 23.90.92 years) were examined. Clinical indices, reflecting the severity of the skin process and quality of life, were calculated, hormonal status indicators (insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1, total testosterone, estradiol, progesterone) and blood plasma glucose levels were studied. The blood of 30 healthy women (mean age 25.91.04 years) was examined as a control. Groups were compared using Student's t-test and odds ratio calculation, correlation analysis was performed using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.
Results. Patients with acne showed a significant increase in the level of insulin-like growth factor-1 (p=0.0002) and total testosterone (p=0.005). The correlation of the insulin-like factor content with the indices that determine the severity of the skin process and the quality of life of patients was closer than that of the total testosterone. A lower concentration of insulin-like growth factor-1 was noted in the blood of acne patients who followed a diet with restriction of milk and dairy products, foods rich in easily digestible carbohydrates and saturated fats. The level of insulin in patients with acne did not differ from that in the control group.
Conclusion. In women suffering from acne, an increase in the content of insulin-like growth factor-1 in the blood plasma was revealed; at the same time, its level has a closer relationship with the severity of the course of dermatosis and the quality of life of patients in comparison with the indicator of total testosterone.
A Modified Delphi Study to Establish Essential Clinical Pharmacology Competencies
Authors:   , Johnson-Williams Bernadette E. , Rundio Al
Published: March 2023

Background: Competency based education has been used to enhance the healthcare workforce for quite some time. Clinical Pharmacology is a translational discipline that is the integral to drug development. As such it is essential that the clinical pharmacology workforce is adequately equipped to address the demands of emerging trends. The purpose of this study was to determine the most significant competencies needed for a clinical pharmacologist in the regulatory environment. Methods: A modified Delphi method was administered to twenty-nine participants within a regulatory scientific government agency in Silver Spring, MD. An electronic survey was administered to participants in two rounds to gain consensus about essential clinical pharmacology competencies. A McNemar Change Test was performed to analyze data. Results: Participants ranked all of the core and technical competencies as essential with consensus of at least 60%. Conclusion: The Delphi technique is a suitable approach to determine essential competencies in clinical pharmacology because it gains valuable insight and cultivates agreement from regulatory experts who are at the forefront of drug development. Competencies can prepare the workforce to handle the emerging landscape of drug development thus advancing public health.
Excelente confiabilidad de la cámara termográfica de bolsillo para apoyar el diagnóstico de la neuropatía periférica diabética en atención primaria
Authors: Rodríguez-Alonso Dante , Cabrejo-Paredes José
Published: March 2023

El objetivo de este estudio fue calcular la fiabilidad de las mediciones termográficas plantares (MTP) de la cámara FLIR C2 según la repetibilidad y la concordancia en el diagnóstico de neuropatía periférica diabética (NPD) en atención primaria. Se realizó una metodología en 20 pacientes diabéticos que fueron atendidos en una unidad médica ambulatoria y fueron evaluados para el diagnóstico de NPD utilizando la termografía infrarroja de la cámara FLIR C2 y FLIR E60. La MTP se localizó en el hallux, la base del primer metatarsiano, la base del tercer metatarsiano, la base del quinto metatarsiano y el talón. Se realizaron cinco MTP de cada pie según la Academia Americana de Termología en dos días diferentes utilizando la cámara FLIR C2 para calcular la repetibilidad. Se compararon cinco PTM de cada pie mediante la cámara FLIR C2 respecto a la cámara FLIR E60 para calcular la concordancia. Los resultados en 20 pacientes diabéticos tenían 58,34 ± 8,3 años y el género predominante era el masculino en un 68%. El análisis de la repetibilidad ha dado como resultado una concordancia entre clases (ICC) de 0,88 para la FLIR C2 y la concordancia ha dado como resultado una ICC de 0,85 para la FLIR C2 respecto a la FLIR E60. La conclusión fue que el uso de la cámara FLIR C2 era confiable debido a la excelente repetibilidad y concordancia de las MTP del pie de pacientes diabéticos en atención primaria.