bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Responsabilidade social empresarial: o valor social produzido pelas empresas de capital aberto no estado do Maranhão
Authors: Guedes Kelvin Felipe , De Carvalho Hugo Leonardo Menezes
Published: November 2023

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a relação existente entre as práticas de Responsabilidade Social Empresarial (RSE) e o valor de mercado das empresas, notadamente aquelas que possuem sede de atuação no Estado do Maranhão. Isso porque, segundo a Teoria dos Stakeholders, as empresas precisam alinhar os seus interesses aos anseios e expectativas de todos os agentes com quem ela se relaciona. Com isso, espera-se que a perspectiva de atuação das empresas não seja pautada apenas para seus acionistas, mas sim no alinhamento e harmonização com o que esperam os stakeholders, mas existem dúvidas de como os gestores decidem e priorizam acerca desse alinhamento. A valorização de mercado é uma importante variável de geral de valor para os acionistas. Para tanto, realizou-se regressão linear múltipla com amostra de 28 empresas listadas na B3, em que a variação do preço das ações foi a variável resposta e o Índice de Sustentabilidade Empresarial (ISE B3) a variável independente principal junto com outras de controle. Os resultados evidenciaram que, para o período analisado, houve significância estatística para a relação testada, mas que a correlação encontrada foi diferente daquela esperada. Isso pode indicar que as práticas de RSE das empresas estejam relacionadas a outros indicadores que não a valorização de mercado. Apesar disso, destaca-se ainda que, para a realidade do Estado do Maranhão, as três empresas escolhidas para análise mais detalhada (Vale, Equatorial e Grupo Mateus) ainda possuem ações tímidas em termos de práticas de RSE direcionadas às carências das localidades e comunidades do Estado.
Integration Mechanism of Intellectual Property and Scientific and Technological Innovation from A Cross-domain Perspective: International Experience and Enlightenment
Authors: Guo Mingkai , Wang Chao , Chen Sen , Hu Ying , Zhang Wenhui
Published: November 2023

With the deepening of economic globalization and technological advancement, intellectual property and technological innovation have increasingly become pivotal elements driving economic growth and societal progression. A coupling relationship exists between intellectual property and technological innovation: technological advancement promotes the continuous evolution of intellectual property systems, while conversely, intellectual property stimulates technological innovation. By analyzing the intellectual property strategies characteristic of various nations, it is discerned that propelling technological innovation fundamentally depends on establishing a legal system and cultural environment conducive to incentivizing and safeguarding innovative outcomes. On the one hand, it's vital to ground strategies in the nation's realities. On the other, there's a need to incorporate the best from all sources, with an emphasis on indigenous innovation and applying these insights for national benefit, shaping an intellectual property legal framework with Chinese characteristics. Amid China's rapid development trajectory, the structure of its technological innovation chain manifests a "broad-middle and narrow-ends" configuration. The optimal remedy lies in delineating a developmental pathway for the intellectual property sector that aligns with China's unique circumstances. To elevate technological innovation, China ought to reinforce intellectual property education, establish an efficient operational model, intensify international collaboration and exchanges, ensuring the profound integration and symbiotic growth of intellectual property and technological innovation.
The Impact of Third Party Payment on China's Commercial Banking
Authors: Xiao Wanjun
Published: November 2023

The rapid development of social economy and science and technology not only promotes the development of Internet finance, but also has a major impact on people's daily life. While people’s lifestyles are gradually changing, the consumption structure is changing. This led to the emergence of an independent institution with certain strength and credit guarantees, which facilitated the online payment model of transactions between the two parties by connecting to the Internet-third-party payment docking. In the most basic third-party payment model, after purchasing the goods, the buyer transfers to the account provided by the third-party platform for payment operations. That is, the payment is paid to a third party, and the third party notifies the seller of the payment account and requests delivery. After the buyer receives the goods, check the goods and confirm that the goods are correct, then notify the third party to confirm the payment; then the third party transfers the money to the seller's account. Although the development time of third-party payment is not long, even far less than the banking industry, its development speed is extremely rapid, and the scope of development is also expanding. The rapid development of third-party payments and the penetration of business scope overlap with the business operations of commercial banks. This has had an impact on commercial banks, prompting commercial banks to accelerate the pace of reform and strive to adapt to the development requirements of the market.This paper mainly studies the relationship between third-party payment and commercial banks, combining the development status of the two, competitive advantage and competitive disadvantage. Analyze the impact of the rapid development of third-party payment on commercial banks at this stage, and combine the current economic, social and technological development to find corresponding solutions.
The Influence of Carbon Finance on Roa-An Empirical Study Based on Carbon Trading Data of Domestic Enterprises
Authors: Huang Yibo
Published: November 2023

With the continuous adjustment of human living space by environmental problems, more and more people pay more attention to environmental problems, and many financial products begin to enter the market one after another, and carbon trading is one of them. This paper aims to analyze the trading data of Shanghai Environmental Energy Exchange through the actual carbon trading case, and finally draw a conclusion about how carbon trading affects ROA of enterprises, and put forward suggestions for improvement in the current carbon market trading environment.
Remoción de arsénico en agua con zeolitas naturales provenientes del norte y centro de México
Authors: Colmenero Sujo Luis Humberto , Villalba María de Lourdes
Published: November 2023

Adsorción e intercambio iónico son consideradas como las técnicas efectivas y factibles para remover metales pesados del agua. Investigaciones recientes han reportado el uso de zeolitas para remover arsénico del agua. En México se han identificado grandes yacimientos de este mineral, tanto en el norte, centro y sur del país, con diferencias importantes debido al ambiente geológico e influencia ambiental donde se encuentran. El objetivo fue conocer la remoción de arsénico en agua que presentan las zeolitas naturales provenientes del norte y centro de México. Se seleccionaron dos yacimientos uno en el estado de Chihuahua (MACh) y otro en el estado de Guanajuato (MSF). Se caracterizaron geológica, física y químicamente mediante diferentes técnicas: petrografía (láminas delgadas), difracción de rayos X (DRX) y microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEB). Se realizaron isotermas de adsorción, cinética de adsorción, finalmente se midió la capacidad de adsorción mediante columnas empacadas. Los minerales presentaron diferente composición (tipo y proporción de zeolitas), así como la relación Si/Al.  Las pruebas de isotermas de adsorción, cinética de adsorción y columnas empacadas demostraron la capacidad de remoción de cada material, siendo la zeolita proveniente del centro de México que ofrece mayor retención por intercambio iónico.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v17i3.1261
Analysis of quantum gates in quantum circuits
Authors: Cui Rongyuan , Lyu Zhuyang
Published: November 2023

Although classical computing has brought great convenience to mankinds lives, classical computing is facing some problems. Combining computer science, information theory, and quantum mechanics, quantum information has been developed in many fields. Quantum gates can operate quantum bits, the carrier of quantum information, while quantum circuits are composed of quantum gates and quantum bits, showing the logic of operations. This study summarizes the fundamental concepts of quantum informatics: qubits, quantum circuits, and quantum gates where it is proved that single-bit quantum gates and CNOT gates are universal quantum gates. In addition, this research also demonstrates the current progress of quantum gates in the examination of fidelity of quantum gates, improvement of fidelity of quantum gates, and teleportation of quantum gates. Meanwhile, according to the current development status, the limits and prospects of quantum information are discussed. These results shed light on helping readers understand the basic concepts of quantum information, thus understand the future applications and developments in quantum information.
Application of modern algebra in cryptography
Authors: Qian Yuling
Published: November 2023

With the rapid development of the digital age, information security, from personal data to national security, is becoming increasingly crucial. Information security primarily refers to the computation and processing of diverse information in computer systems and information exchange networks in order to safeguard information security. Cryptography is the technical foundation for achieving these objectives. In the early stages of education, advanced mathematics, linear algebra, probability theory, and other fundamental disciplines must be studied, although the practical application of modern algebra, cryptography, number theory, and mathematical knowledge will vary. This study explores the application of current algebra in cryptography, including both traditional and modern cryptographic applications, using a literature review approach. By comparing images from various eras, the researchers discovered that images were classed as "traditional" and "modern" at various times. Moreover, the likelihood of both traditional and modern images being identified throughout the modern era is comparatively higher.
Particle motion in Taylor-Couette flow experiments
Authors: Wang Zimo , Liu Chang
Published: November 2023

This work investigates particle transportation Taylor-Couette Flow (TCF) experiments. We designed and built up the experimental set-up and then did two groups of experiments (S1 and S2). Small radius ratio () experiments (S1) focuses on the settling time t_set of a particle, which increases when Reynolds number (R) increases. The settling time within Taylor-Couette flow is larger than that in the still water due to horizontal motion of particle. To further understand the underlying flow mechanism of this increased t_set, we designed the large experiments (S2), which identify Taylor vortices (TVF) and spiral vortices (SPI) that trap the particle and thus increase t_set. In addition, linear stability analysis also predicts the wavelength of flow structures in the same order of experimental observation, although some deviation exists.
Principle and state-of-art applications of quantum information
Authors: Yu Zhiyuan
Published: November 2023

Al. Last year, the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Alain Aspect, John F. Clauser and Anton Zeilinger for their experimental verification of the violation of Bell's inequality by quantum mechanics using entangled photons, which pioneered the science of quantum information; in the same year, the 28th Solvay Conference on Physics, with the theme "Quantum Information In the same year, the 28th Solvay Conference on Physics, with the theme of "Quantum Information Physics", reviewed the development of quantum information in the last decade and the future direction. It is clear that the world of physics is now focused on the subsequent progress of quantum mechanics. In this paper, I will introduce the background of quantum information and explain in detail, clearly and thoroughly, the basic theory of quantum information and its specific applications. By describing the two fundamental and most important properties of quantum information, quantum entanglement and quantum unclonable, quantum information will give the reader a comprehensive understanding of the significance and usefulness of quantum information. This paper aims to help physics students to build up their basic knowledge of quantum information by explaining the basic theory of quantum information and helping them to expand their knowledge of quantum information.
Analytical study of spirograph using parametric equations and pattern design by parametric-graphic interactions
Authors: Li Wenxuan
Published: November 2023

Perfectly symmetric curves always have a high degree of aesthetic value. While it is difficult to draw them by hand, Spirograph is an old and popular drawing toy that produces fascinating symmetric patterns. In playing with drawing software, the author explores types of Spirograph patterns, the type identification method, and the parametric equations to express Spirograph mathematically. This paper also discusses the key parameters of a Spirograph pattern and how they affect the pattern shape. Finally, Spirograph pattern design is carried out by analyzing the features of a random pattern and estimating its different parameters. These results to some extent demystify and predict the seemingly infinite Spirograph patterns, as the corresponding parameters of a given Spirograph pattern can be found so that the similar image can be drawn by hand through a physical Spirograph set.
General analysis on essential mathematical principles of elliptic curve cryptography
Authors: Wu Huangwei
Published: November 2023

Prevalent is the practical application of Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) in the modern public-key cryptosystem, especially the implementation of ECC algorithm in Bitcoin source code. With the thorough introduction of discrete logarithm and Diffie-Hellman key exchange, ECC has gradually progressed to be sophisticated and efficient simultaneously. Therefore, it currently has been widely regarded as the successor of RSA algorithm in terms of inheritance for its shorter lengths of keys, faster speed and higher safety under the same encryption strength. Due to the potential safety and complexity of Elliptic Curve Cryptosystem, it is apparently noticed that there is included a large volume of Maths principles related to the establishment of ECC algorithm. As a consequence, this paper will mainly focus on qualitative research and exemplary analysis to specifically elucidate the general knowledge on essential mathematical principles of ECC, including the Law of Addition, the Elliptic Curve Discrete Logarithm Problems (ECDLP) and the Elliptic Curve ElGamal (EC ElGamal), together with the corresponding applications combined with their deprivation processes.
A brief examination of the atmosphere of exoplanets
Authors: Liu Runfeng
Published: November 2023

As the discovery of exoplanets increased, their characteristics are becoming a main concern for new research. Amongst the many that are discovered, some have an atmosphere of their own just like planet Earth. The purpose of this paper is to examine these atmospheres and calculate the height of the atmosphere using escape velocity. Later in this paper, the issue of the total angular momentum of the planet is examined. This momentum is separated into two different sections whose momentum is added together. The angular momentum of the solid part of the planet is calculated by considering the planet as a rigid body and applying the formula for angular momentum. The second part of calculating the angular momentum is done by using integration to determine the momentum of the atmosphere and using the height of the atmosphere to act as a limit to the definite integral. By understanding the quantities of these exoplanets, further research can be done on how these exoplanets are formed.
Research on probability theory in gambling
Authors: Zhao Siyuan
Published: November 2023

Probability theory has long been applied in the world of gambling to help gamblers improve their chances of winning. This paper discusses the different ways that probability theory is utilized in various gambling games, including card games, roulette, and slot machines. The study explores the limitations of using probability theory in gambling and provides suggestions for further research in the field. This study highlights the importance of probability theory in gambling games, particularly in card games. The application of probability theory can assist players in making informed decisions and potentially increase their chances of winning. This paper also suggests that further research could explore the application of more advanced statistical methods and consider psychological factors that influence decision-making while gambling.
Analysis of the Functions of Cosmology Dust in Galaxy Formation
Authors: Dong Xiaoyu
Published: November 2023

The physical laws related to star formation in galaxies are the key to understanding the formation and evolution of galaxies. The dust in the interstellar medium has a significant effect on both the star formation and the observational properties of the galaxy. Understanding the properties, effects, and evolution of cosmology dust in galaxies is an essential part of a complete picture of galaxy formation and evolution. In this study, the background of interstellar dust research in galaxy formation will be summarized. Some basic concepts and physical properties of galaxies are introduced. The definition, classification and evolution of galaxies will be discussed. It then states the properties of cosmology dust in galaxies, including the basic concepts of physics, properties, generation, and evolution of dust. It will then focus on the role of interstellar dust in galaxies, including its basic concepts and background. These results shed light on guiding better understanding of the functions of cosmology dust in galaxy formation.
Dynamics of the FitzHugh-Nagumo equation with numerical methods
Authors: Fu Erjia
Published: November 2023

In this paper, our research focuses on investigating the behavior of the FitzHugh-Nagumo (FHN) equation dynamics, a mathematical model that describes the spiking behavior of neurons. We begin by presenting the mathematical formulation of the FHN equation as a system of two coupled ordinary differential equations. We then apply methods from the theory of dynamical systems to analyze the behavior of the system, including stability analysis and phase-plane analysis. We also discuss the bifurcations that occur in the system as its parameters are varied. In addition, we present numerical methods for solving the FHN equation, including explicit and implicit methods. We compare the accuracy and efficiency of these methods and discuss their suitability for different types of problems.Our results show that the FHN equation exhibits a rich range of dynamical behaviors, including periodic and chaotic solutions, bistability, and hysteresis.Additionally, FHN equation can be used to simulate the behavior of networks of excitable cells, such as neural circuits or cardiac tissue,and FHN models can also be used to study the effects of drugs or other interventions on the behavior of excitable cells. The numerical methods we present provide a powerful tool for studying the FHN equation and its variants, allowing us to explore the parameter space and predict the behavior of the system under different conditions.
Statistical analysis of terrestrial planets formation and observational bias
Authors: Ke Steven Shangtong
Published: November 2023

When investigating and researching into extrasolar planets, astronomers must deal with the inherent selection bias that arises because of limitations in technology or resources. Ideally, astronomers should aim to have a database with unbiased samples from across the universe. The ability for astronomers to efficiently use equipment will rely on statistical models employed to discover regions in which astronomical observations for extrasolar planets are lacking. Previous researchers have focused on the observation of Hot-Jupiters, Super Earths etc. This paper will be specific in exploring the selection bias involved with the detection of extrasolar terrestrials. In addition, the paper will investigate the probability of finding such terrestrial planets depending on the characteristics of exoplanet host stars. Ideally, the distribution of terrestrial planets should be random if the Earth is not considered special. The paper will also evaluate this hypothesis and determine whether there is any relationship between detection probability for exoplanets and their distance from Earth. Statistical methods such as logit regression and kernel estimations will be used in Stata to analyse data from the exoplanet encyclopedia. Hopefully, this paper will be able to provide more insight into the distribution of terrestrial planets and bias involved in detecting such planets.
Extraterrestrial creatures existing and planets factors
Authors: Yang Zizheng , Yu Liyuan , Zhao Yuhe
Published: November 2023

In order to explore the outer space and find the future of human development, this article aims to analyze the property of the extraterrestrial lifes exist. Authors complete this investigation by talking about some different characteristics in and around the planets. First the authors will claim some characteristics (how this characteristic helps the extraterrestrial life survive), and then the authors will give some examples about some planets with these characteristics. Finally, the authors will analyze why these characteristics can be formed, the authors will analyze the conditions of the planets and set as examples. In fact, the authors will not just introduce the characteristics that helps extraterrestrial life survive, the authors will also discuss what environment in the universe can form planets with these properties. The authors discuss the liquid water, temperature and geographic elements in the first body paragraph, the authors discuss the atmosphere, satellites and the distance between fixed star and planet in the second body paragraph. In the third paragraph, the authors discuss the distinct that appropriate for planets to develop situation for creatures to survive.
Potential signs of life on Europa
Authors: Zhang Feitong
Published: November 2023

This paper discusses the possibility of life on Europa, the moon of Jupiter by analyzing the biological components, energy source, and ocean environment on Europa. The biological components, especially amino acids, have great possibilities of forming or have already existed on Europa since its compositive elements are present and the environment on Europa is very similar to the primitive Earth. Energy sources are expected to come from the hydrothermal vents at the ocean bottom, which are formed by tidal forces and tidal heating. The hydrothermal vents are rich in chemicals and elements and have the possibility of forming lives in the future. The ocean environment is thought to be rich in oxygen, which comes from the planet Jupiter, it is first reflected on the surface of Europa, but later on, transported to the ocean through the ice layer and a lake in between. Furthermore, the freezing point of the ocean might be affected by the fact that it contains salt, but not by the fact that it has very low air pressure. To conclude, there is a great possibility that lives exist on Europa, but it cannot be 100% positive since no specific experiments have been done throughout the research, and there are so many uncertainties in space that have not been discovered yet.
The advantage of symplectic Euler in optimization and its application
Authors: Zhao Shibo
Published: November 2023

Many professions today place a high value on optimization, and many problems can eventually be transformed into optimization issues. There are many iterative methods available today to handle optimization issues, however many algorithms' design principles are unclear. Weijie Su solved this problem by discretizing the iterative equation using an ordinary differential equation, but different discretization techniques will provide different outcomes. So choosing an appropriate method is important. Three discretization techniquesexplicit Euler, implicit Euler, and symplectic Eulerare compared in this work. It is found that while both symplectic and implicit Euler can accelerate the process, only symplectic Euler can be put to use in practice. This further demonstrates symplectic Euler's supremacy in iteration. The use of symplectic Euler in other fields is also introduced in this study, particularly in the Lotka-Volterra equation where promising results might be attained. Symplectic Euler is critical to optimization and is likely to be applied in more areas in the future.
Lyman- Spectra shapes in high redshift and low redshift galaxies
Authors: Hubertus Angelina
Published: November 2023

Lyman-alpha (Ly) photons were first predicted by Theodore Lyman in 1906 as part of his work on the hydrogen atom spectrum. The Ly transition occurs when an electron in a hydrogen atom falls from the second energy level to the ground state, releasing a photon with a wavelength of 121.6 nanometres. It was not until the 1960s that Ly photons were observed in astronomical sources, including galaxies and quasars. Since then, the Ly line has been recognized as a powerful probe of the intergalactic medium and the properties of galaxies, providing insights into the formation and evolution of structures in the universe. With the development of advanced telescopes and spectrographs, astronomers have been able to study Ly photons in greater detail and at higher redshifts. This has led to new discoveries and a deeper understanding of the universe, including the epoch of reionization and the formation of the first galaxies. Today, Ly studies continue to be an active area of research, with the potential to uncover even more insights into the nature and history of the cosmos. Ly spectral shapes are a crucial tool for unravelling the mysteries of the universe. These spectra provide valuable information about the distribution of gas and the physical properties of galaxies at different epochs. By analysing Ly spectra from galaxies with low and high redshifts, astronomers can gain insights into the formation and evolution of galaxies and the process of cosmic reionization.
A CFD research study on the validity of dividers in vehicles
Authors: Xiao Xilai
Published: November 2023

People who misjudge the infectious ability of Covid-19 pathogen may abandon non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), such as masks, gloves, especially in todays situations where isolation rules and mask limitations have been eliminated in most nations. Consequently, in public spaces with poor ventilation and high population density, individuals who do not wear masks are more likely to become infected. This article focuses on the scenario of Covid-19 pathogen spreading in a cab with only the driver and a passenger present. We also examine whether the use of a divider - a plastic board that separates the front and back of the cab, can lower the likelihood of infection compared to the situation that a divider is installed. To access the likelihood of infection, we simulate the fluid field inside a closed cab using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach. We set the mutual situations one is with infected driver and another is with infected passenger, in order to make our simulation more general.
Recent development and prospect on heavy-ion collisions in colliders
Authors: Xiong Lingjun
Published: November 2023

Heavy ion collisions play a key role in advancing our understanding of the universe. These are collisions in which two atomic nuclei collide at high energy, releasing large amounts of energy and creating new elements. One of the fundamental theories of heavy-ion collisions is the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) theory. It suggests that in collisions at sufficiently high energies, the quarks and gluons of the colliding nuclei are no longer confined to individual particles, but form a new state of matter. In some heavy-ion collisions, the QGP may exhibit properties similar to those found in the early universe. In addition, studying heavy ion collisions could help answer some fundamental questions, such as the origin of mass and the nature of dark matter. This article focuses on the experimental setups related to Heavy-ion collisions and the results obtained by the researchers so far. The focus is on the more cutting-edge research built on Relativistic Heavy-ion Colliders. This article provides a partial summary of these results and an outlook on their future development.
Solution and numerical analysis of two-dimensional time-independent Schrdinger equation based on finite difference method
Authors: Peng Yuqi
Published: November 2023

With the continuous development and widespread use of quantum mechanics, solving the Schrdinger equation has become a hot research topic. The finite difference method has the advantages of simple calculation and high accuracy, which means that it has high potential in solving the numerical solutions of the Schrdinger equation. In this paper, we deeply explore the problem of using the finite difference method to solve the numerical solution of the time-independent Schrdinger equation, propose a solution method based on the finite difference method, and evaluate its performance under different conditions. Firstly, by analyzing the principles and characteristics of the finite difference method, we construct a difference format for the time-independent Schrdinger equation. Then, by converting the difference format of the numerical solutions of the equation into a matrix, the numerical calculation problem is transformed into a matrix eigenvalue and eigenvector problem. Finally, for different physical scenarios, the established model is numerically solved and its performance is analyzed. This study found that the constructed numerical solution method exhibits high accuracy and stability in solving the numerical solutions of the time-independent Schrdinger equation. In different physical scenarios, this method can provide satisfactory results, thus verifying the feasibility of applying the finite difference method to this problem.
Research on the classifications of gravitational wave
Authors: Zhang Yiteng
Published: November 2023

In daily life, we can transmit and obtain information through mechanical waves and electromagnetic waves. For example, judging where the fish swims from the flooded water waves, and learns from the wonderful music to know what kind of instrument the musicians are playing and communicating through the radio waves. Gravitational waves, a fundamental prediction of Einstein's theory of general relativity, have revolutionized our understanding of the universe. This essay explores the background of research on gravitational waves, tracing their theoretical origins to the early 20th century and highlighting their recent detection in 2015. The research technique employed involves highly sensitive interferometers, such as LIGO and Virgo, which can detect the minuscule distortions in space-time caused by these elusive waves. By observing the gravitational waves emitted during cataclysmic cosmic events, scientists can now delve deeper into the nature of black holes, neutron stars, and the origin of our universe. In conclusion, the discovery of gravitational waves opens up new avenues for exploring the cosmos, providing unprecedented insights into the fabric of space-time itself.
Astrophysical investigation on the virtual planet pandora in Avatar film
Authors: Ying Hanyi , Tie Xilong , Chen Weiyuan , Wu Weihong
Published: November 2023

The story of AVATAR happened in an imaginary planet Pandora. It is in the nearest stellar system from us, which is a triple star system located in the constellation Centauri. Currently, only one Earth-size planet has been detected around Proxima Centauri in 2016 by radial velocity technique, and any Jupiter-size planet has been ruled out around all the three stars. The result is in conflict with the scenario in AVATAR film, where Pandora is an Earth-size moon of Polyphemus, a Jupiter-size planet around Centauri B. Earth-size planets in habitable zones around Centauri A and Centauri B are still possible but have not been detected in the precision of current observations. Considering the dynamical complexity of planets in triple star system, which may induce extreme climate change in the possible habitable planets to prohibit development of civilization, we take long-term orbital revolution simulation to explore the stability of Earth-size planet in habitable zones around stars. We focus on habitable planets around Centauri A and Centauri B, as they are close, the average distance between them is small than the size of Solar system. We found that habitable planets with orbits aligned with the binary orbit are long-term stable. However, the orbital eccentricity and inclination changes a lot, if the planetary orbits significantly are tilted with the binary orbit. In comparison with the Milankovitch cycles observed in paleoclimate, we conclude that the titled planets in habitable zone around Centauri A and Centauri B cannot support development of intelligent life.
The colonel blotto game based on probability and statistics
Authors: Hu Senhao
Published: November 2023

The Colonel Blotto Game is famous as zero-sum game. The game asked players to get more passes(objects) than their opponents to win the game with limited regiments(resources). The one who put more regiments on the pass would get it, and player who has more passes would win the game. The Colonel Blotto Game could be used in athletics, business and competition in other forms: how the player uses specific amount of resource with strategies to gain more benefits than competitors. In this case, the Colonel Blotto Game could be seen transfer to a linear program problem, with constraints about limited resources to maximize what players get in the game. This article would analyze the strategy for the Colonel Blotto game in probability of winning and build the model by extending the Colonel Blotto Game with more regiments, more passes and weighted some passes to look for how these variables impact each other and find the general solution for this game. Then using linear program to check the final results. This article would focus on the resources, benefits and weighted of the benefits for the Colonel Blotto game to find out the directly relationship among these variables of the model with the strategy to win the game.
An investigation on Stirling approximation and entropy
Authors: Zhu Jianing
Published: November 2023

The Stirling approximation is a mathematical formula developed by James Stirling in the early 18th century, which estimates the value of factorials for large numbers. The formula has had a significant impact on many fields of study, including being used to estimate the entropy of a system. Entropy is a fundamental concept in thermodynamics that describes the degree of disorder or randomness in a system which refers to the number of ways in which the systems particles can be arranged. The flow of entropy is a concept that describes the direction and rate of change of entropy in a system. Mechanical and thermal equilibrium is when no net flow of energy between the systems so that the systems do not undergo any further changes in their state. Joule expansion involves the expansion of a gas in a container with a movable piston. In this process, the gas expands into a larger volume, and as a result, either temperature or pressure changes. The Stirling approximation can be used to estimate the change in entropy of the gas during this process and can be used to calculate the amount of work done by the gas. This essay summarizes the importance of the Stirling approximation and finds that it is a fundamental calculation method for explaining and solving thermodynamics-related problems which can be used in various subtopics and fields. It is not only a calculation method in mathematics but also a key factor in further developing physics research.
Application of linear programming in two-player zero-sum games
Authors: Wang Xinyu
Published: November 2023

Linear programming is a useful optimization tool that has been utilized since the 1940s. It has been studied for a long time, and it can be applied to many different areas and fields. One of these applications is the two-player zero-sum game. In this game, each player has a set of possible strategies that is finite. While one player tries to maximize the net payoff, the other player tries to minimize this payoff. Since the problem involves optimizations, linear programming can be involved. This paper analyzes a famous and classic example of the game the Colonel Blotto Game. This game is a military planning problem. Indeed, Linear programming was first developed to solve complex military and planning problems during wartime. This paper utilizes a payoff matrix and some mathematical models to build the mathematical problem of the Colonel Blotto Game. Then the results can be obtained by converting the mathematical problem into a Python Linprog problem. The paper finds the best strategy for Colonel Blotto to maximize the net payoff and how eliminating certain possible strategies will or will not affect the results. Moreover, the paper provides an understanding of the combination of the two-player zero-sum game and linear programming.
Algorithm efficiency and hybrid applications of quantum computing
Authors: Yang Ruohan , Zhong Zijun
Published: November 2023

With the development of science and technology, it is difficult for traditional computers to solve cutting-edge problems due to the lack of computing power, and the importance of quantum computers is increasing day by day. This article starts with the simple principle of quantum computing, introduces the most advanced quantum computing instruments and quantum computing algorithms, and points out the application prospects in medicine, chemistry and other fields. This paper explains the basic principles of quantum computing algorithms, their efficiency over traditional algorithms, and focuses on the Shor algorithm and its variations. In terms of applications, the quantum computer Zu Chongzhi and its contribution to the sampling problem of quantum random circuits are introduced. This paper makes a certain analysis of the limitations of quantum computing, and gives the future development goals in a targeted manner. Besides, we summarize popular quantum computing algorithms and applications, and make contributions to the promotion and development of quantum computing. Overall, these results shed light on guiding further exploration of how to improve the computational efficiency of quantum computers.
Linear programming and its application in analysing game theory
Authors: Wang Wenhao
Published: November 2023

Game theory has been widely used in many fields including economics, politics and military for a long period of time. Game theory can be divided into two situations: zero-sum and non-zero-sum, since both situations can appear in the fields very often and should be of great importance to research, the objective is to maximize the finial net payoff or minimize the loss by linear programming. In zero-sum situations, this paper will create the payoff matrix and by the Max-min theorem, this paper can get the constraints to satisfy the condition of using python code, the calculation result of the code gives that strategy 3 and 4 should be the best input if the opponent is also choosing the best strategy. For non-zero-sum situation, this paper will discuss firm competition and American presidential Election, payoff matrix, linear formulation will be used to help get the result of best election result. The result shows that the resources should be put into the state with the most votes and net approval rating, python calculation will give these results.
Analysis of the principle and state-of-art applications for quantum neural network
Authors: Li Baorui
Published: November 2023

The Neural Network is a well-known computational model that widely applied in machine learning (ML) inspired by human brains, which can perform the ML tasks including classification and feature extraction. Contemporarily it has been succeeded in all areas functioning as a powerful tool. Quantum computing is an emerging field based on quantum computers, which is a different calculation logic in the context of quantum dynamic theory providing an exponential computation power edge over traditional computers. Quantum Neural Network (QNN) is an intersection of the two areas, leveraging the advantage of quantum computing in the neural network, providing a strikingly powerful algorithm with promising potential. On this basis, this paper will demonstrate the state-of-art of QNN, which briefly explains the basic principle of QNN and an introduction of several typical QNN models. In addition, the current defects and drawbacks will also be discussed simultaneously. Overall, these results serve as a preliminary introduction to the topic, which shed light on guiding further exploration of quantum computing algorithms.
Using Python programs to determine the secondary eclipse depth of Kepler-12 b and its geometric albedo
Authors: Qi Liyang
Published: November 2023

The discovery of Hot Jupiter in 1995 marks the beginning of a new era in Astrophysics, and deep space observatory provides valuable data that helps us understand the evolution of the universe and extrasolar systems. This paper reports on the secondary eclipse depth and the geometric albedo of a hot Jupiter Kepler-12 b with a planet radius of 1.6950.03R_J, and the use of Python programs helps derive the results. The Python programs also help draw the figures in this work with data from Spitzer IRAC, an infrared camera designed to detect near- and mid-infrared light. The conclusion drawn from the work is that the orbital period is 4.401 days and the geometric albedo A_g= 0.17_(-0.08)^(+0.08) . This work points out that the relatively low geometric albedo of Kepler-12b could imply that Kepler-12 b is a pM-class planet. The distinguishing factor between a hot Jupiter of pL-class and one of pM-class is the variation in their spectra and the temperature difference between their day and night sides.
Promising electric aviation industry and its bright future
Authors: Xu Chong Cheng
Published: November 2023

There have been rising concerns about the amount of greenhouse gas emissions that commercial aviation produces each year. Greenhouse gases generated by aircraft trap the sunlight in the ozone layer, causing the planet's temperature to rise yearly. Thus, developing more electric aircraft (MEA) and all-electric aircraft (AEA) is crucial to serve as alternatives to traditional fossil-fuel airplanes to avert climate change. Although electric aircraft theoretically provide numerous benefits in improving efficiency, reducing noise levels, and cutting emissions, numerous challenges exist, such as energy density, cost, and power distribution. This paper aims to analyze these challenges and looks for potential technologies or systems, including electromechanical actuators, high energy-density lithium batteries, and superconducting motors, to resolve these challenges. Overall, the electric aviation industry is promising with further improved new technologies. While MEA will become common shortly, there will still be at least two to three decades before AEA establishes ground and become prevalent in the commercial aviation industry.
The discussion about the influence of gravitational time dilation on gravity propagation speed and on light propagation speed
Authors: Wang Xinghong
Published: November 2023

In this article, we will demonstrate, based upon strictly logical reasoning, thought experiment examination, and cosmic observations results, how gravitational time dilation exerts influences upon light propagation and upon gravity propagation. Neutron stars mergers have shown that the speed of gravity coincides with the speed of light (c). However, does gravitational time dilation has the same effect upon the propagation of gravity field as it has on light/electric field/magnetic field? The answer to this question can be concluded by examining such a thought experiment: according to E=mc2, it is theoretically possible to transfer an enormous amount of energy to a place near a black hole and create some matter. Once created, the matter will start to generate both gravity field and light and the gravity field and light will propagate in each direction. The light it generates will NEVER enter into the black hole so it will never interact with the black hole, according to observers on the earth. But, according to current cosmic observation results, the gravity field it generates will quickly enter into the black hole and interact with the black hole, according to observers on the earth. Thus, if gravitational time dilation theory is correct, near a black hole, gravity speed is faster than light speed.
Potential pulsars prediction based on machine learning
Authors: Wu Yuexiang
Published: November 2023

The search for potential pulsars is a difficult job because of the complex nature of the signals and the vast amounts of data involved. In the last few years, a lot of researchers have tried to use machine learning to deal with complex data. This essay examines how machine learning could help to identify potential pulsars, exploring the various types of algorithms and the challenges and limitations associated with this approach. The essay mainly explored three themes: the training of 5 algorithms for the identification of pulsars, the improvement of 2 algorithms by adjusting parameters, and the simplification of the data to improve the processing speed and performance of the algorithms on prediction. All 5 algorithms reached great accuracy after adjustment and the simplification of the input data can help to boost the prediction time and accuracy for future research about pulsars. The essay highlights the need for further research in this area, as machine learning has demonstrated strong potential for pulsar prediction. By analyzing the results of several previous studies, this essay underscores the importance of machine learning as an approach for predicting potential pulsars and made improvements to the performance of current algorithms by adjusting parameters and simplifying the data.
A educação democrática nas perspectivas de Freire e Teixeira no enfrentamento do autoritarismo conservador do capital
Authors: Souza Rafaella Jovanovich de , Muraro Darcisio Natal
Published: November 2023

Este trabalho busca bases conceituais para a realização de uma educação democrática que supere os movimentos neoliberais e neoconservadores no contexto atual. O problema da pesquisa é: Como a educação democrática pode ser fator de transformação social numa perspectiva de humanização e emancipação da hegemonia neoliberal? O objetivo proposto é investigar a contribuição de uma educação democrática na construção de uma sociedade emancipada das hegemonias do capital neoliberal. O estudo se caracteriza como revisão de literatura focada na exploração das concepções de educação democrática em Paulo Freire e Anísio Teixeira. A questão estudada é candente considerando que a falta de uma educação que promova a consciência de classe e o pensamento crítico da realidade atual possibilita a ascensão das forças hegemônicas e o aumento das desigualdades, o que impede aos oprimidos de se tornarem sujeitos de sua história. Como resultado, o estudo resgata as contribuições de Freire e Teixeira acerca de uma educação que proporcione a experiência de diálogo e pensamento crítico com intencionalidade democrática e libertadora. Assim, é possível desde a escola formar o sujeito autônomo e compromissado com seu papel ativo na construção de uma sociedade emancipada da dominação do sistema capitalista.