bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification with similar others sharing their experience of coping with depression and its effects on stigmatization and prosocial intentions
Authors: Sukalla Freya , Krack Ina , Seibert Daniel , Paeth Ludwig , Frank Olga , Preißler Ronja , Block Philip Matias
Published: June 2022

Addressing the high prevalence of depression among university students and the need to motivate professional help seeking, we examine whether recovery stories featuring a similar - compared to a dissimilar - person sharing their personal experience of coping with depression will reduce stigmatization (attitudes, social distance, prosocial intentions) and the self-stigma of help seeking as mediated by perceived similarity and identification. We conducted a one-factorial between-subject experiment to test the effects of lifestyle similarity on stigmatization and self-stigma of help seeking. 169 students (74.6% female; Mage = 23.5, SD = 3.5) were randomly assigned to read either a recovery story about a similar or dissimilar author’s reflections on their experience of coping with depression or a control story. Contrary to expectations, recovery stories did not reduce stigmatization nor the self-stigma of help seeking, irrespective of whether they were told by a similar or dissimilar person. However, a significant indirect effect on prosocial intentions through perceived similarity and identification as well as several interesting exploratory results point to potential beneficial and detrimental effects of recovery stories and similarity that should be explored in future research.
Frühkindliches Sich-Bewegen als Handeln in Ungewissheit – eine Begriffsarbeit zwischen Sportpädagogik, Frühpädagogik und transformatorischer Bildungstheorie
Authors: Bähr Ingrid , Brandes Björn
Published: June 2022

Seit etwa zwei Dekaden wird die frühe Kindheit als lebensbiographisch bedeutsame Bildungsphase erkannt und dem Sich-Bewegen eine zentrale Rolle in diesem Prozess zugesprochen. Es fehlt bisher jedoch in der sportpädagogischen Forschung zu diesem Thema an einer bildungstheoretischen Reflexion des Bewegungsbegriffs und es bleibt gerade im Kleinkindalter unklar, welche Merkmale entsprechende körper- und bewegungsbezogene Handlungen und Erfahrungen auszeichnen sollten, damit ihnen Bildungsrelevanz zukommt. Zur Bearbeitung dieses Desiderats werden im vorliegenden Beitrag bildungstheoretische Überlegungen in drei unterschiedlichen Feldern skizziert: Im Diskurs frühkindlicher Bewegungsbildung, -erziehung und -förderung sowie in den beiden dem Feld unmittelbar verwandten Diskursen, dem der Frühpädagogik sowie dem der Bewegungs- und Sportpädagogik. Dabei werden insbesondere mit Blick auf den aktuellen Diskurs um Bildung als Transformation und Handeln in Ungewissheit jeweils mögliche Anschlussstellen für einen Begriff frühkindlicher Bewegungsbildung herausgestellt und anschließend in einem Vorschlag für eine entsprechenden Begriffsbestimmung zusammengeführt.
Zur Konstitution der Sache des Sportunterrichts in unterrichtlichen Praktiken – theoretische und empirische Annäherungen
Authors: Schiller Daniel
Published: June 2022

Im Mittelpunkt des Beitrages steht die Sachdimension von Sportunterricht. In einem ersten Schritt erfolgt eine Annäherung an die Vielschichtigkeit von fachbezogenen Sachkonstruktionen, beispielsweise entlang sportdidaktischer Diskurse oder Curricula. Außerunterrichtliche Thematisierungen der Sache des Sports und des Sportunterrichts stellen Bedeutungsräume und Semantiken für unterrichtliche Praktiken der Sachkonstitution bereit, die dann in einem zweiten Schritt in den Fokus rücken. Auf der Grundlage einer Perspektive empirischer Bildungsforschung, welche die Konstitution von Unterricht als pädagogische Form zum Ausgangs- und Fluchtpunkt empirischer Annäherung macht, wird eine Heuristik entwickelt und zur Diskussion gestellt, die Sportunterricht auf die Konstitution seiner Sachen in unterrichtlichen Praktiken selbst hin befragt. Der Beitrag schließt mit Perspektiven für eine so verstandene Sachkonstitutionsforschung in der Sportpädagogik.
Die Figur der Ehefrau bei Thomas Bernhard
Authors: Fischerauer Günter
Published: June 2022

The misogyny of the protagonists in Thomas Bernhard's work seems to be largely agreed upon in the relevant research. This work is not satisfied with the generalities and develops a much more differentiated picture of the female characters. It focuses on the figure of the wife. It becomes clear that the aspect of the woman as a communication partner is of fundamental importance for the protagonist.
Comparison of survival prediction models for pancreatic cancer: Cox model versus machine learning models
Authors: Kim Hyunsuk , Park Taesung , Jang Jinyoung , Lee Seungyeoun
Published: June 2022

A survival prediction model has recently been developed to evaluate the prognosis of resected nonmetastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma based on a Cox model using two nationwide databases: Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) and Korea Tumor Registry System-Biliary Pancreas (KOTUS-BP). In this study, we applied two machine learning methods—random survival forests (RSF) and support vector machines (SVM)—for survival analysis and compared their prediction performance using the SEER and KOTUS-BP datasets. Three schemes were used for model development and evaluation. First, we utilized data from SEER for model development and used data from KOTUS-BP for external evaluation. Second, these two datasets were swapped by taking data from KOTUS-BP for model development and data from SEER for external evaluation. Finally, we mixed these two datasets half and half and utilized the mixed datasets for model development and validation. We used 9,624 patients from SEER and 3,281 patients from KOTUS-BP to construct a prediction model with seven covariates: age, sex, histologic differentiation, adjuvant treatment, resection margin status, and the American Joint Committee on Cancer 8th edition T-stage and N-stage. Comparing the three schemes, the performance of the Cox model, RSF, and SVM was better when using the mixed datasets than when using the unmixed datasets. When using the mixed datasets, the C-index, 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year time-dependent areas under the curve for the Cox model were 0.644, 0.698, 0.680, and 0.687, respectively. The Cox model performed slightly better than RSF and SVM.
A Comparison of Pediatric Appendicitis During the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Same Period Previous Year
Authors: Demir Mesut , Unal Aydın , Yucel Nurdan , Yıldız Abdullah , Karadag Cetin Ali , Kaba Meltem , Sever Nihat , Dokucu Ali İhsan
Published: June 2022

Background: Although appendicitis is the most common emergency abdominal surgical pathology in the pediatric age group, there are a limited number of publications in the literature on how appendicitis has affected patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objectives: This study examined the effects of fear of being infected with COVID-19 and isolation measures on complications and morbidity in pediatric appendicitis cases. Methods: This study was performed in the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences University, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. Patients aged 18 years and younger who were operated on for appendicitis between 11 March 2019 and 11 May 2019 were classified as group 1, and patients aged 18 years and younger who were operated on for appendicitis between 11 March 2020 and 11 May 2020 (during the pandemic) were classified as group 2. Both groups were compared in terms of age, gender, symptoms, duration of symptoms, surgical method, duration of operation, length of hospital stay, and postoperative complications. Results: There were 85 patients in group 1 and 49 in group 2. The mean age was 11.5 ± 3.5 years in group 1 and 12.2 ± 3.0 years in group 2. While the mean hospital admission time for group 1 was 52.2 ± 38.5 hours, it was 50.2 ± 40.0 hours for group 2. The complicated appendicitis rates were 37% and 25% in group 1 and group 2, respectively. In group 1, 94.1% of the operations were completed laparoscopically, whereas, in group 2, this rate was 88.6%. The mean operation time was 64.0 ± 24.4 minutes in group 1 and 69.0 ± 33.0 minutes in group 2. The mean length of hospital stay was 2.9 ± 2.0 days in group 1 and 3.1 ± 3.40 days in group 2. The complication rate was 8.2% in group 1 and 11.4% in group 2. Conclusions: Despite the isolation measures and the risk of virus transmission, the psychosocial effects of the pandemic did not prevent real emergency cases with appendicitis from visiting hospitals.
Thermodynamic Analysis of a Closed-Cycle Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion Power Plant for Offshore Platforms
Authors: Ezgi Cüneyt
Published: June 2022

The world is currently facing two major challenges: global climate change and sustainable development. Efforts to generate electricity from renewable energy sources continue steadily. In this study, a closed-cycle ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) power plant with various working fluids with zero Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) and per unit mass flow rate for offshore platforms is designed and thermodynamically analyzed using Engineering Equation Solver (EES). The calculated results shows that ammonia (R-717) has the highest electrical performance of 45.51 kW per unit mass flow rate among the studied working fluids for OTEC.

Introduction

The world is currently confronted with two major challenges: global climate change and sustainable development. The Paris Agreement entered into force on November 4, 2016, limited global warming to well below 2°C, preferably to 1.5°C, compared to preindustrial levels. According to the Sixth Assessment Report released by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) on February 28, 2022, climate change is causing common deterioration in every zone in the world with just 1.1°C of warming. Sustainable solutions for our environment’s future must be produced. Therefore, the power generation efforts from renewable energy sources are going on continuously.
Assessing the efficacy of a participant-vetting procedure to improve data-quality on Amazon’s Mechanical Turk
Authors: Rivera Emilio D. , Wilkowski Benjamin M. , Moss Aaron J. , Rosenzweig Cheskie , Litman Leib
Published: June 2022

In recent years, Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (MTurk) has become a pivotal source for participant recruitment in many social-science fields. In the last several years, however, concerns about data quality have arisen. In response, CloudResearch developed an intensive pre-screening procedure to vet the full participant pool available on MTurk and exclude those providing low-quality data. To assess its efficacy, we compared three MTurk samples that completed identical measures: Sample 1 was collected prior to the pre-screening’s implementation. Sample 2 was collected shortly following its implementation, and Sample 3 was collected nearly a full-year after its implementation. Results indicated that the reliability and validity of scales improved with the implementation of this prescreening procedure, and that this was especially apparent with more recent versions. Thus, this prescreening procedure appears to be a valuable tool to help ensure the collection of high-quality data on MTurk.
State-of-the-art review on measurement of pressure losses of fluid flow through pipe fittings
Authors: Lin Lingnan , Batista Marylia Duarte , Ferretti Natascha Milesi
Published: June 2022

This report presents a state-of-the-art review of the measurement of pressure loss of pipe fittings. The mechanisms of pressure loss in pipes and fittings are discussed to facilitate the understanding of this these measurement and their challenges problem. Existing methods for measuring the pressure loss of pipe fittings are critically reviewed. Advantages and disadvantages of each method and other general considerations are discussed. The instrumentation techniques are illustrated in detail, including guidelines and considerations for the design or selection of pressure taps, impulse lines, pressure transducers, and flow meters. The available pressure loss data of pipe fittings, published from 1926 to 2019, are reviewed. In general, most of the existing data are not representative of modern pipe fittings and flow conditions. Future research efforts are described to focus on developing a standard method of test and terminology, and generating new representative data for modern pipe fittings.
Students’ Perception of Employing Social Media in the Educational Process in the Light of Education 4.0 Requirements
Authors: Al-Hamad Nouwar , Salem Husni , Al-Omari Faruq
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study was to discern the students' perception of social media networks integration into the educational process. The study was conducted in seven universities in the Northern region of Jordan. To achieve this goal, authors used the descriptive survey approach. A stratified random sample of 762 students from both genders and different disciplines were targeted. For data collection purposes, a survey tool was designed, which consisted of one polar question, one open question and a questionnaire consisting of fifteen 5-point Likert scale paragraphs. Results indicated that 82.41% of respondents showed constructive attitudes toward the integration of social media to the educational process and indicated their top preferred social media applications. Furthermore, the findings revealed that there was a significant relationship between use behaviour and behavioural intentions, as well as a significant relationship between use behaviour and facilitating conditions. Finally, the results showed no significant statistical difference at α = 0.05 between the respondents’ statistical means pertaining to students' gender or field of study.
Media art crítico: la lucha que no cesa
Authors: González-Díaz Paloma
Published: June 2022

Es evidente que durante los últimos veinte años la transformación digital ha incidido en todos los ámbitos de nuestra existencia. La intensa evolución y convergencia de las funcionalidades de los dispositivos móviles, por ejemplo, cada vez más asequibles, accesibles y usables, ha favorecido la proliferación y el asentamiento de la cultura digital. Howard Rheingold vaticinaba en Multitudes inteligentes: la próxima revolución social (2004) el poder de la ciudadanía en casos de éxito respecto al empoderamiento ciudadano. Pero en aquellos años era imposible predecir la radical transformación de las dinámicas asociadas a las relaciones personales, en el acceso a la información y en las normas no escritas de la comunidad interconectada. Esta circunstancia ha dado lugar a innumerables posibilidades de conexión y cooperación, pero nada ha sido gratuito. Ese intercambio se ha producido mediante una permuta del control de datos por parte de las corporaciones: ofrecen estos servicios –en muchas ocasiones transfronterizos– con ayuda de los Estados que los legislan en nombre de la soberanía y la territorialidad.
Proactive Environmental Strategies and Their Impact on Hotel Competitiveness During Crisis: The Case of the Czech Hotel Industry
Authors: Tothova Karin , Chladkova Martina , Kahunova Alice , Formankova Sylvie , Kucerova Renata
Published: June 2022

This research focuses on hotel competitiveness in the Czech Republic. It provides evidence that proactive environmental strategies implemented in hotel operations are a competitive advantage for hotels, especially during a crisis. This research determined the impact of proactive environmental strategies on hotel competitiveness in the period before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Competitiveness was assessed based on the occupancy rate and hotel experience. Data were obtained through quantitative research, which involved 110 accommodation facilities from the Czech Republic, of which 51 were common hotels and 59 were green hotels. The research yields two groups of results. The first group is the results of testing the dependence between the type of hotel and changes in hotel competitiveness. These results did not confirm the relationship between hotel type according to implementation of proactive environmental strategies and competitiveness based neither on evaluation of hotel experience nor on the occupancy rate. According to these findings, it does not matter whether the hotel is green during a crisis. The second group of results includes concrete values of changes in occupancy in the second and third quarters of 2019 and 2020, as well as specific changes in the clientele. The decrease in occupancy in the second quarter of 2020 compared with 2019 was not as significant as expected. In the third quarter of 2020, the year-on-year change was minimal, and some accommodation facilities experienced an increase in occupancy because Czech visitors embraced domestic tourism. In this case, the absolute indicators show that green hotels had an advantage.
Effect of Silver Water Produced by an Engineered Device Designed to Food Industry
Authors: Alexandar Irina , Titorenkova Sophia , Titorenkov Vladimir
Published: June 2022

Hygienic norms in the food and beverages production systems should be permanently monitored to prevent contamination with pathogens which could cause diseases in humans and animals. As regards the industrial scale of food and beverages production, the maximum extension of the shelf life is an essential task. Peracetic acid (CH3COOOH) is frequently applied in sanitation procedures of production piping and product tanks, but if it is not rinsed well, could drastically affect organoleptic characteristics of the products. Silver water (containing Ag+) could replace the use of peracetic acid. A device for efficient production of silver water is constructed. The silver content of the water produced is determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy, UV-Vis and IR spectral analysis. It is found that minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1 μg silver content inhibited the yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 200060) growth (24 ± 1 mm mean inhibition zone) on a similar rate as 30 μg kanamycin (27 ± 1 mm). Bacterial (Escherichia coli ATCC 47093) growth inhibited by 1.5 μg silver content (18 ±  1 mm) is comparable to 10 μg ampicillin (17 ± 1 mm) but not to 30 μg kanamycin (35 ± 1 mm).
Getting the right cells
Authors: Cakir Bilal , Park In-Hyun
Published: June 2022

Fusing brain organoids with blood vessel organoids leads to the incorporation of non-neural endothelial cells and microglia into the brain organoids.
Flernivåstaten og krisehåndtering
Authors: Trondal Jarle
Published: June 2022

Artikkelen diskuterer muligheter og utfordringer knyttet til koordinering på tvers av styringsnivåer. Utfordringen er minst tredelt: Dels knyttet til balansen mellom kontinuitet og endring, nærmere bestemt evnen offentlig forvaltning har til å balansere en stabil kjerne samtidig som den justerer, oppdaterer og reformerer; dels balansen mellom effektivitet og legitimitet, nærmere bestemt evnen til kortsiktig problemløsningen i møtet med kriser og langsiktige utfordringer knyttet til legitime løsninger generelt og parlamentarisk forankring konkret; dels dilemmaet mellom politisk-administrativ orden i turbulente tider, nærmere bestemt hvordan offentlige institusjoner håndterer kriser og vanskelige problemer når sammenhengene mellom problem og løsning er vanskelige å forstå og krevende å kontrollere. Artikkelen diskuterer disse dilemmaene i det som fremstilles som en europeisk administrativ flernivåstat.
Contratos administrativos en sentido estricto y contratos privados de la administración. Criterios para su delimitación
Authors: Asenjo Asenjo Karen Roxana
Published: June 2022

El presente artículo intenta resolver dos de los problemas que se advierten en la interpretación del contrato administrativo, dada la dispersión normativa y la carencia de tribunales contencioso administrativos que permitan condensar esta materia. Un primer problema es la indeterminación del régimen jurídico aplicable a los contratos administrativos en la fase de ejecución, para lo cual, tomando como base los aportes previos de la doctrina, voy a partir por proponer criterios que permitan diferenciar entre el contrato administrativo en sentido estricto y el contrato privado de la Administración. Un segundo problema es el uso preeminente de reglas civiles que, en conjunto con la pretendida supletoriedad general del Código Civil, plantean la necesidad de revisar el estatuto jurídico supletorio de los contratos administrativos en silencio de regla expresa, para lo cual voy a fundamentar la interpretación preferente en base a reglas y principios de la contratación en el Derecho público y la aplicación supletoria de reglas civiles en defecto de lo anterior.
El derecho administrativo ante la jurisprudencia de la Corte Suprema, IV: Líneas y vacilaciones durante 2021
Authors: Vergara Blanco Alejandro
Published: June 2022

Este texto es la continuación de trabajos anteriores sobre las líneas y vacilaciones de la jurisprudencia de la Corte Suprema en veinte temas relevantes de la praxis de derecho administrativo, el que ahora se actualiza para el año calendario 2021. Sintetiza y grafica el resultado de una investigación de un caudal de 200 sentencias de la Corte Suprema del año señalado. Su formato es sintético. Respecto de cada tema se señalan: los hechos que dan origen a la conflictividad; la ratio iuris decidendi; gráficos en que queda en evidencia la conducta lineal o zigzagueante tanto de la Sala como de sus ministros y abogados integrantes; un análisis de tal comportamiento; y, un recuento exhaustivo de sentencias. El resultado es distinto al de los estudios anteriores: si bien persisten algunas vacilaciones de la Corte Suprema, durante 2021 existe un leve aumento de temas con jurisprudencia uniforme. No obstante que se mantienen varias conductas erráticas de ciertos ministros y abogados integrantes.
Regulación urbanística: tendencias jurisprudenciales
Authors: Gomez Gonzalez Rosa Fernanda
Published: June 2022

Esta investigación tiene por objeto realizar un análisis jurídico de la regulación urbanística en Chile, a partir de una revisión crítica de sus principales problemáticas, teniendo como base los criterios jurisprudenciales más relevantes. Al efecto, se advierte que no obstante los avances destinados a proporcionarle un cierto nivel de autonomía como disciplina, la resolución de sus múltiples problemáticas ha debido enfrentar la aplicación de instituciones propias del derecho administrativo general. Por su parte, la convergencia del derecho urbanístico al derecho administrativo general ha contribuido en la resolución de cuestiones más generales como la invalidación de los actos administrativos, los efectos de la interpretación administrativa, la interacción de distintos mecanismos de control, entre otros.
Study of Urinary Uric Acid and Creatinine Ratio as a Marker for Perinatal Asphyxia
Authors: Choudhary Rita , Tiwari Anil Kumar
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Perinatal asphyxia is a very common problem which significantly contributes to neonatal morbidity and mortality, contributing to almost 20% of neonatal deaths in India. It is an important cause of static developmental and neurological morbidity. Early identification of asphyxiated babies to take timely appropriate measures is our priority. Several measures like foetal heart monitoring, Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, Respiration score (APGAR), Cord blood pH, Computerised Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Doppler studies etc., are already in use for early identification of asphyxia; but they are costly and have several other limitations. Urinary Uric Acid and Creatinine Ratio (UA/Cr) is a non-invasive test, easy to conduct in resource poor setup and an early marker of asphyxia, which prompted the authors to conduct the present study. Aim: To assess the correlation of urinary uric acid and creatinine ratio with perinatal asphyxia and observe any correlation between this ratio with the severity of Hypoxic Ischaemic Encephalopathy (HIE). Materials and Methods: This was a prospective case control study conducted in Patna Medical College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India, between January 2019 to March 2020. A total of 100 asphyxiated term neonates as cases and 100 non-asphyxiated term neonates as controls were included in the study. Spot urine samples were collected and urinary uric acid and creatinine were estimated. Statistical analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version. 16.0) software and p-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: A higher urinary UA/Cr ratio of 2.99±0.14 was seen in case group compared to control group (0.77±0.03) and the higher ratio was also associated with significant neurological abnormalities. A highly significant difference was noted between case and control i.e., p<0.001 with 95% CI of 1.95-2.49. Conclusion: Urinary uric acid and creatinine ratio enables early recognition of asphyxial injury and also is a good indicator for subsequent morbidity and mortality. These measurements require simple instruments with low cost involvement. The correlation between the urinary UA/Cr ratio and the severity of HIE provides an indication for the degree of injury at an early stage when other quantitative methods cannot be carried out frequently. Therefore, this ratio can be used as an early marker of asphyxial injury and can predict neurological deficit.
Climate Change Impact on Farmers’ Perception and Adaptation Response under Rainfed Agriculture in Southern India
Authors: Senthilnathan S. , Saravanakumar V. , Prahadeeswaran M. , Lavanya S. Moghana , Gurunathan S.
Published: June 2022

Rainfed agriculture covers 80 percent of the World’s cropland and produces about 60 percent of the World’s food grains. In India, 55 percent of gross sown area accounts 40 percent of food production. In Tamil Nadu, nearly 48 per cent of gross sown area is under rainfed cultivation which is highly vulnerable to climate change and therefore it requires appropriate climate adaptation strategies. The present study covering 180 sample households to examine the farmers perception on climate change and various adaptation responses practiced in rainfed agriculture in Tamil Nadu, Southern India. The farmers were requested to choose one or more response among the three options namely, change in rainfall pattern, change in temperature and decrease in ground water availability. The results of the analysis indicated that rainfall and ground water availability are major concerns due to climate change were perceive by 84 and 58 percent of farmers. The adaptation responses to climate change are examined and the farmers were requested to indicate the various adaptation strategies viz., changing the cropping pattern, drilling new bore wells, deepening existing wells, introducing water saving irrigation methods and reducing the number of irrigations etc. The change in rainfall and temperature perceived by farmers were followed the reduction in number of irrigations, change in cropping pattern, advancement or delaying of cropping seasons and growing rain-fed crops are the major adaptation strategies to reduce the impact of climate change.
Characterization of the Genetic Variability in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) and its Assessment Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
Authors: Naik Mudavath Ramesh , Chetariya C. P. , Akkenapally Jeevan Sai
Published: June 2022

Present investigation was conducted to estimate genetic parameters such as Genotypic Coefficient of Variation (GCV), Phenotypic Coefficient of Variation (PCV), heritability and Genetic Advance (GA) along with correlations, path coefficients, Genetic divergence and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) from data collected on 21 rice genotypes. The results revealed highly significant mean squares due to genotypes for all traits studied, indicating the existence of sufficient variation among the genotypes and therefore an ample scope for effective selection. High PCV, GCV, heritability and genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed for 1000-grain weight, seed yield per plant, and harvest index, indicating the effectiveness of direct selection for improvement of these traits. Thousand grain weight and harvest index had recorded positive and significant association with seed yield per plant. The results on path analysis also revealed high and positive direct effect for harvest index followed by flag leaf width, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, panicle length, number of filled grains/panicle, number of spikelets/panicle and hence, these traits were identified as the most effective selection criteria for improvement of seed yield per plant in rice genotypes. The results on divergence analysis revealed that the genotypes were grouped into five clusters. Cluster I constituted maximum number of (17) genotypes. Maximum differences among the genotypes within the same cluster (intra-cluster) were shown by cluster I (18.33) followed by cluster II, III, IV, V showed zero intra -cluster distance. Cluster III and V (37.41) showed maximum inter cluster distance, suggesting that the genotypes constituted in these clusters may be used as parents for future hybridization programme. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was utilized to estimate the relative contribution of various traits for total variability. Five components were found to possess eigen value more than 1.00. The PC1, PC2, PC3, PC4 and PC5 contributed 31.2, 14.5, 12.6, 10.5 and 10.1 per cent of variability. Together, they accounted for 78.9% of the variability of the genotypes used in the study has revealed the traits contributing for the variation.
Incidence of New-onset Atrial Fibrillation in Patients Presenting with Acute St-elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Nadeem Kamran Awan , Shaikh Javed Khurshed , Kalwar Muhammad Hashim , Butt Muhammad Hassan , Ali Gulzar , Solangi Bashir Ahmed
Published: June 2022

Aim: This study aims to find out the incidence of atrial fibrillation new onset in STEMI patients receiving primary PCI

Sample: A total of 169 patients have included after sample size calculation by using WHO sample size calculator version 2.0.

Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Department of Interventional Cardiology at the National Institute of Cardiovascular Disease (NICVD), Karachi, Pakistan from April 18th, 2020, to October 17, 2020.

Methodology: The inclusion criteria set for data collection were as; all the patients undergoing Primary PCI with age between 40 to 80 years, males and females, patients presented with 12 hours of the onset of chest pain with STEMI to enroll in the study. Whereas, patients who had a previous history of any cardiac-related surgery and known AF, also all the patients suffered AF after trial of cardioversion, and those patients who had ejection fraction less than 20% were excluded from the study.

Result: The demographic classification showed the mean age of the patients was 55.96±8.9 with a CI of 54.60 to 57.33 years. The mean height of the patients was 167.34±0.56 with CI of 166.2 to 168.46. The mean weight of the patients was 74.84±0.7 with CI of 73.39 to 76.29 kg. The average BMI of all the patients was 26.7±0.28 with CI of 26.2 to 27.33. The analysis of the data revealed that Atrial fibrillation is more common in people who don’t smoke tobacco and are non-diabetic. Diabetic patients are less prone to atrial fibrillation in MI.

Conclusion: The prevalence of new-onset of atrial fibrillation was found to be high in elderly age group patients.
Use of Binary Logistic Regression Technique to Study some of the Factors Affecting Women's Use of Family Planning Methods in Iraq
Authors: Noor Dr. Worood Basim
Published: June 2022

This study dealt with employing the technique of binary logistic regression to study some of the factors affecting women’s use of family planning methods in Iraq, represented by (the current age of the woman, the age of the woman at the first marriage, the number of children alive, the number of girls, the number of children who died, the educational level, the level of living. Functional difficulties, geographical area, housing environment (urban, rural)) through employing a dual logistic regression model based on the data of the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey in Iraq for the year (2018) that was implemented by the Ministry of Planning / Central Bureau of Statistics and the Kurdistan Region Statistics Authority in cooperation With the Iraqi Ministry of Health as part of the Global Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey Program As the survey covered all regions of Iraq (central, southern and northern Iraq and the Kurdistan region), The results of the analysis showed that the use of family planning methods by married women aged (15-49) years is affected by a number of factors (the number of live children, the number of girls, the geographical area, the age of the woman at the first marriage, the educational level of the woman), and the analysis did not show any significant or effect. For the variables (the woman's current age, the number of children who died, the level of living, job difficulties, the housing environment).
Development and Validation of a Machine Learning Algorithm Predicting Emergency Department Use and Unplanned Hospitalization in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Noel Christopher W. , Sutradhar Rinku , Gotlib Conn Lesley , Forner David , Chan Wing C. , Fu Rui , Hallet Julie , Coburn Natalie G. , Eskander Antoine
Published: June 2022

Importance

Patient-reported symptom burden was recently found to be associated with emergency department use and unplanned hospitalization (ED/Hosp) in patients with head and neck cancer. It was hypothesized that symptom scores could be combined with administrative health data to accurately risk stratify patients.

Objective

To develop and validate a machine learning approach to predict future ED/Hosp in patients with head and neck cancer.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This was a population-based predictive modeling study of patients in Ontario, Canada, diagnosed with head and neck cancer from January 2007 through March 2018. All outpatient clinical encounters were identified. Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS) scores and clinical and demographic factors were abstracted. Training and test cohorts were randomly generated in a 4:1 ratio. Various machine learning algorithms were explored, including (1) logistic regression using a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, (2) random forest, (3) gradient boosting machine, (4) k-nearest neighbors, and (5) an artificial neural network. Data analysis was performed from September 2021 to January 2022.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The main outcome was any 14-day ED/Hosp event following symptom assessment. The performance of each model was assessed on the test cohort using the area under the receiver operator characteristic (AUROC) curve and calibration plots. Shapley values were used to identify the variables with greatest contribution to the model.

Results

The training cohort consisted of 9409 patients (mean [SD] age, 63.3 [10.9] years) undergoing 59 089 symptom assessments (80%). The remaining 2352 patients (mean [SD] age, 63.3 [11] years) and 14 193 symptom assessments were set aside as the test cohort (20%). Several models had high predictive accuracy, particularly the gradient boosting machine (validation AUROC, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.78-0.81]). A Youden-based cutoff corresponded to a validation sensitivity of 0.77 and specificity of 0.66. Patient-reported symptom scores were consistently identified as being the most predictive features within models. A second model built only with symptom severity data had an AUROC of 0.72 (95% CI, 0.70-0.74).

Conclusions and Relevance

In this study, machine learning approaches predicted with a high degree of accuracy ED/Hosp in patients with head and neck cancer. These tools could be used to accurately risk stratify patients and may help direct targeted intervention.
Epigenetics of the frozen brain: roles for lysine methylation in hypometabolism
Authors: Bloskie Tighe , Storey Kenneth B.
Published: June 2022

Wood frog (Rana sylvatica) freeze tolerance necessitates metabolic rate depression, where costly processes such as gene transcription are commonly suppressed. Epigenetic mechanisms, such as histone lysine methylation, have recently been implicated in hypometabolic states of various animals, although they are underreported in nervous tissues. In the present study, we track the expression of eight lysine methyltransferases, as well as the activity on, and abundance of putative histone products across the freeze–thaw cycle and freeze‐associated substresses (anoxia, dehydration) of wood frog brains. Our results suggest that hypomethylation of transcriptionally repressive H3K9 may be a key facet of metabolic recovery during the thawing of nervous tissue, which we speculate may have a positive effect on global gene transcription. Some nonhistone roles for lysine methylation are also proposed.
Adolescents’ and Young Adults’ Recommendations for Implementing Healthcare Transition in Rheumatology: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Carandang Kristine , Wells Courtney K. , Guglielmo Dana , Melcher Katelyn , Trimble Meghan , Ardoin Stacy P. , Chira Peter
Published: June 2022

Objective

The goal was to elicit adolescents’ and young adults’ (AYAs) perspectives about how to implement the Six Core Elements of Healthcare Transition within rheumatology care.

Methods

AYAs (ages 16–28 years old) with self‐reported rheumatic conditions were recruited through patient organizations and social media. In Phase One (qualitative [QUAL]), 90‐minute focus groups were facilitated to elicit AYAs’ reactions to Six Core Elements content. In Phase Two (quantitative; QUAN), a national survey was conducted to determine generalizability of recommendations extracted from Phase One. Mixed methods analyses were conducted by a multidisciplinary team of social science researchers, pediatric rheumatologists, and patients.

Results

Although focus group participants (n = 39) were previously unfamiliar with the Six Core Elements, they reacted favorably to its format and content. Participants provided suggestions for how to logistically execute each component in the clinic. Additionally, 3 overarching recommendations emerged that focused on motivating AYAs to engage: 1) frame health care transition as an opportunity for empowerment; 2) implement a structured education plan; and 3) consider the role of parents. In line with qualitative findings, survey participants (n = 137) reported that they would prefer to learn most transitional skills from and discuss developmentally specific topics with their rheumatology team. Participants reported they would likely complete programs to learn transitional skills from allied professionals, via patient portals, or in group settings.

Conclusion

Incorporating patient perspectives into research and clinical practice is an opportunity to strengthen educational programs. AYAs emphasized the importance of gaining independence and becoming empowered through the health care transition process with structured support from their rheumatology teams.
Uncertain disturbed systems: RobustH2‐OUFIR filtering under measurement errors
Authors: López Solórzano Juan J. , Shmaliy Yuriy S.
Published: June 2022

This article considers uncertain disturbed systems represented under initial and measurement errors in linear discrete‐time state‐space. A novel bias‐constraineda posteriorioptimal unbiased finite impulse response (OUFIR) state observer is derived, in which the requirements of the initial state is removed by embedding the unbiasedness constraint. A suboptimal bias‐constrained ‐FIR filtering algorithms using linear matrix inequality is also obtained. Based on an example of uncertain system and error matrices, it is shown that the ‐OUFIR state observer offers a better tradeoff between the accuracy and robustness than the OFIR filter, maximum likelihood FIR filter, and Kalman filter. It loses in robustness to the unbiased FIR filter, but provides a better accuracy. The performance of the proposed filter is verified experimentally based on daily glucose measurements in diabetic persons with timing jitter.
Mutations in GCK May Lead to MODY2 by Reducing Glycogen Synthesis
Authors: Li Zongyue , Li Kunxia , Sun Yan , Jiang Xiuyun , Liu Jia , Li Jingyi , Fang Li , Li Guimei , Guan Qingbo , Xu Chao
Published: June 2022

Dysfunction of glucokinase (GCK) caused by mutations in the GCK gene is the main cause of maturity‐onset diabetes of the young type‐2 (MODY2, also known as GCK‐MODY), which is usually present in adolescence or young adulthood. MODY2 is characterized by mild, stable fasting hyperglycemia that presents at birth, usually 5.4–8.3 mmol L−1, and rarely develops complications from diabetes. The treatment of MODY2 prefers a manageable diet rather than the use of insulin. Previous studies have identified GCK mutations only by online software prediction or enzyme kinetic analysis and thermolability assays which are complicated to be conducted. In this study, six mutations in the GCK gene, including four novel mutations and two mutations that are previously reported, are identified. All the six locations are highly conserved according to the sequencing alignment. Moreover, missense mutations are strongly predicted to be pathogenic using online programs. Functional studies show that mutations in GCK mutation do not affect insulin secretion but affect glycogen synthesis. These findings demonstrate that GCK mutations decrease glycogen synthesis, which leads to hyperglycemia in MODY2. Meanwhile, this study provides a new perspective and methods for identifying pathogenic mutations in GCK.
Revealing Steric‐Hindrance‐Dependent Buried Interface Defect Passivation Mechanism in Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells with Mitigated Tensile Stress
Authors: Zhou Qian , He Dongmei , Zhuang Qixin , Liu Baibai , Li Ru , Li Hongxiang , Zhang Zhongying , Yang Hua , Zhao Pengjun , He Yong , Zang Zhigang , Chen Jiangzhao
Published: June 2022

Interface engineering is one feasible and effective approach to minimize the interfacial nonradiative recombination stemming from interfacial defects, interfacial residual stress, and interfacial energy level mismatch. Herein, a novel and effective steric‐hindrance‐dependent buried interface defect passivation and stress release strategy is reported, which is implemented by adopting a series of adamantane derivative molecules functionalized with CO (i.e., 2‐adamantanone (AD), 1‐adamantane carboxylic acid (ADCA), and 1‐adamantaneacetic acid (ADAA)) to modify SnO2/perovskite interface. All modifiers play a role in passivating interfacial defects, mitigating interfacial strain, and enhancing device performance. The steric hindrance of chemical interaction between CO in these molecules and perovskites as well as SnO2 is determined by the distance between CO and bulky adamantane ring, which gradually decreases from AD, ADCA, and ADAA. The experimental and theoretical evidences together confirmed steric‐hindrance‐dependent defect passivation effect and interfacial chemical interaction strength. The interfacial chemical interaction strength, defect passivation effect, stress release effect and thus device performance are negatively correlated with steric hindrance. Consequently, the ADAA‐modified device achieves a seductive efficiency up to 23.18%. The unencapsulated devices with ADAA maintain 81% of its initial efficiency after aging at 60 °C for 1000 h.
Convection Driven Ultrarapid Protein Detection via Nanobody‐Functionalized Organic Electrochemical Transistors
Authors: Koklu Anil , Wustoni Shofarul , Guo Keying , Silva Raphaela , Salvigni Luca , Hama Adel , Diaz‐Galicia Escarlet , Moser Maximilian , Marks Adam , McCulloch Iain , Grünberg Raik , Arold Stefan T. , Inal Sahika
Published: June 2022

Conventional biosensors rely on the diffusion‐dominated transport of the target analyte to the sensor surface. Consequently, they require an incubation step that may take several hours to allow for the capture of analyte molecules by sensor biorecognition sites. This incubation step is a primary cause of long sample‐to‐result times. Here, alternating current electrothermal flow (ACET) is integrated in an organic electrochemical transistor (OECT)‐based sensor to accelerate the device operation. ACET is applied to the gate electrode functionalized with nanobody–SpyCatcher fusion proteins. Using the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein in human saliva as an example target, it is shown that ACET enables protein recognition within only 2 min of sample exposure, supporting its use in clinical practice. The ACET integrated sensor exhibits better selectivity, higher sensitivity, and lower limit of detection than the equivalent sensor with diffusion‐dominated operation. The performance of ACET integrated sensors is compared with two types of organic semiconductors in the channel and grounds for device‐to‐device variations are investigated. The results provide guidelines for the channel material choice in OECT‐based biochemical sensors, and demonstrate that ACET integration substantially decreases the detection speed while increasing the sensitivity and selectivity of transistor‐based sensors.
Mechano‐Sensor for Proprioception Inspired by Ultrasensitive Slit‐Based Mechanosensilla
Authors: Wang Kejun , Zhang Lei , Gui Yuecheng , Fan Cheng , Sun Tao , Sun Lining , Wang Qian , Zhang Junqiu , Han Zhiwu
Published: June 2022

Internal mechanosensors, as the core component of a proprioceptive system, provide vital mechanical information from intelligent devices for adaptive motor control, mechanical fault diagnosis, and machining condition monitoring. However, developing a sophisticated mechanosensory structure that can be widely used is highly desirable to significantly improve the detection performance of internal mechanosensors. Coincidentally, in nature, optimized microscale slits of arachnids (e.g., scorpions and spiders) are ingeniously used as a mechanosensory structure for internal mechanosensilla to efficiently detect the inevitable internal mechanical feedbacks caused by self‐motion and external mechanical stimuli. Biological slit‐based mechano‐sensilla provide an attractive bio‐inspired strategy to use the controllable slit as the sensory structure to improve the perceptual performance of internal mechanosensors. In this study, the structure‐deformation‐performance coupling relationship of slit‐based mechano‐sensilla is explored through experiment and theoretical analysis. An artificial slit‐based mechanosensor is developed by mimicking the combined deformation properties of the slit and the ultrathin cuticular membrane covering the slit tail. This bio‐inspired mechanosensor shows excellent performance in terms of mechanical stability, response time, and sensitivity to mechanical signals. The research on a practical application highlights the importance of the unique basic “design” principles of the slit‐based mechano‐sensilla in improving the proprioceptive capability of smart engineering devices.