bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spontaneous Otoacoustic Emissions inTectaY1870C/+Mice Reflect Changes in Cochlear Amplification and How It Is Controlled by the Tectorial Membrane
Authors: Cheatham Mary Ann , Zhou Yingjie , Goodyear Richard J. , Dallos Peter , Richardson Guy P.
Published: December 2018

Spontaneous otoacoustic emissions (SOAEs) recorded from the ear canal in the absence of sound reflect cochlear amplification, an outer hair cell (OHC) process required for the extraordinary sensitivity and frequency selectivity of mammalian hearing. Although wild-type mice rarely emit, those with mutations that influence the tectorial membrane (TM) show an incidence of SOAEs similar to that in humans. In this report, we characterized mice with a missense mutation inTecta,a gene required for the formation of the striated-sheet matrix within the core of the TM. Mice heterozygous for the Y1870C mutation (TectaY1870C/+) are prolific emitters, despite a moderate hearing loss. Additionally, Kimura’s membrane, into which the OHC stereocilia insert, separates from the main body of the TM, except at apical cochlear locations. Multimodal SOAEs are also observed inTectaY1870C/+mice where energy is present at frequencies that are integer multiples of a lower-frequency SOAE (the primary). Second-harmonic SOAEs, at twice the frequency of a lower-frequency primary, are the most frequently observed. These secondary SOAEs are found in spatial regions where stimulus-evoked OAEs are small or in the noise floor. Introduction of high-level suppressors just above the primary SOAE frequency reduce or eliminate both primary and second-harmonic SOAEs. In contrast, second-harmonic SOAEs are not affected by suppressors, either above or below the second-harmonic SOAE frequency, even when they are much larger in amplitude. Hence, second-harmonic SOAEs do not appear to be spatially separated from their primaries, a finding that has implications for cochlear mechanics and the consequences of changes to TM structure.
Active Zone Proteins RIM1αβ Are Required for Normal Corticostriatal Transmission and Action Control
Authors: Kupferschmidt David A. , Augustin Shana M. , Johnson Kari A. , Lovinger David M.
Published: December 2018

Dynamic regulation of synaptic transmission at cortical inputs to the dorsal striatum is considered critical for flexible and efficient action learning and control. Presynaptic mechanisms governing the properties and plasticity of glutamate release from these inputs are not fully understood, and the corticostriatal synaptic processes that support normal action learning and control remain unclear. Here we show in male and female mice that conditional deletion of presynaptic proteins RIM1αβ (RIM1) from excitatory cortical neurons impairs corticostriatal synaptic transmission in the dorsolateral striatum. Key forms of presynaptic G-protein-coupled receptor-mediated short- and long-term striatal plasticity are spared following RIM1 deletion. Conditional RIM1 KO mice show heightened novelty-induced locomotion and impaired motor learning on the accelerating rotarod. They further show heightened self-paced instrumental responding for food and impaired learning of a habitual instrumental response strategy. Together, these findings reveal a selective role for presynaptic RIM1 in neurotransmitter release at prominent basal ganglia synapses, and provide evidence that RIM1-dependent processes help to promote the refinement of skilled actions, constrain goal-directed behaviors, and support the learning and use of habits.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTOur daily functioning hinges on the ability to flexibly and efficiently learn and control our actions. How the brain encodes these capacities is unclear. Here we identified a selective role for presynaptic proteins RIM1αβ in controlling glutamate release from cortical inputs to the dorsolateral striatum, a brain structure critical for action learning and control. Behavioral analysis of mice with restricted genetic deletion of RIM1αβ further revealed roles for RIM1αβ-dependent processes in the learning and refinement of motor skills and the balanced expression of goal-directed and habitual actions.
Apatinib inhibits tumor growth and angiogenesis in PNET models
Authors: Wu Shan , Zhou Jianjun , Guo Jing , Hua Zhan , Li Jianchen , Wang Zai
Published: December 2018

Angiogenesis has a pivotal role in the growth and metastasis of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs). Apatinib inhibits angiogenesis as a highly selective KDR inhibitor and has been used to treat advanced gastric cancer and malignancies in clinical settings. However, the efficacy of apatinib in PNETs remains unclear. The aim of this study was to compare the antitumor efficacy of apatinib with that of the standard PNET drug sunitinib in our subcutaneous and liver metastasis models of insulinoma and non-functional PNET. Our results revealed that apatinib had a generally comparable or even superior antitumor effect to that of sunitinib on primary PNET, and it inhibited angiogenesis without directly causing tumor cell cytotoxicity. Apatinib inhibited the tumor in a dose-dependent manner, and the high dose was well tolerated in mice. We also found that the apatinib efficacy in liver metastasis models was cell-type (disease) selective. Although apatinib efficiently inhibited INR1G9-represented non-functional PNET liver metastasis, it led to the emergence of a hypoxic area in the INS-1-represented insulinoma and promoted liver metastasis. Our study demonstrated that apatinib has promise for clinical applications in certain malignant PNETs, and the application of anti-angiogenesis drugs to benign insulinomas may require careful consideration.
Educational Series in Congenital Heart Disease: Tetralogy of Fallot: diagnosis to long-term follow-up
Authors: Bedair R. , Iriart X.
Published: December 2018

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart defect, affecting 3 in 10,000 live births. Surgical correction in early childhood is associated with good outcomes, but lifelong follow-up is necessary to identify the long-term sequelae that may occur. This article will cover the diagnosis of TOF in childhood, the objectives of surveillance through adulthood and the value of multi-modality imaging in identifying and guiding timely surgical and percutaneous interventions.
String Music: Creating Coronary Artery and other Vascular Anastomoses
Authors: Tribble Curtis G , Derryberry Stephen
Published: December 2018

This initial version of this treatise was written as I (Curt Tribble) was learning to do coronary anastomoses over 30 years ago, and I worried that I was not being taught very well how go about it doing them. It seemed to me that my teachers were channeling Dr. Alain Carpentier, who often answered questions about his mitral valve repair techniques by saying, “Oh, you just know.” These frustrations were compounded by the fact that the best cardiovascular techniques books, including even those texts dedicated to coronary artery bypass techniques, did not describe these anastomotic techniques in detail, which remains the case to the present day [Kaiser 2007; Copeland 1986].
Triggering atrial fibrillation after omalizumab injection in a patient with chronic spontaneous urticarial. A case report
Authors: Cildag Songul
Published: December 2018

Introduction. Omalizumab is recommended as a third-line treatment in the treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria. During omalizumab use, which has high efficacy and safety, the side effects observed are usually moderate and temporary. Here we discuss the triggering of atrial fibrillation following omalizumab injection.Case report. A 72-year-old female patient was treated with omalizumab 300 mg / day due to chronic spontaneous urticaria resistant to conventional treatments. Atrial fibrillation developed 6 hours after the second injection of omalizumab in the patient who had atrial fibrillation and who had been monitored with antiarrhythmic treatment and sinus rhythm for 1 year. The treatment was discontinued because omalizumab was thought to trigger atrial fibrillation, as no other reason to explain the triggering of atrial fibrillation could be found.Results and conclusion. There is no data in the literature on the use of omalizumab in patients with atrial fibrillation. Different side effects of biological treatments can be observed. In particular, omalizumab should be used with caution in elderly patients and patients with arrhythmia.
Penerapan Pola Orang Tua Asuh terhadap Remaja Putus Sekolah di Panti Sosial Bina Remaja (PSBR) Bambu Apus Jakarta Timur
Authors: Priayudana Maygie
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Teenagers or adolescents are perceived as an investment and accordingly seen as a potential for the welfare and nation assets in the future by parents. It is important to produce generation serving as the backbone of a nation need an early preparation by the parents through fulfillment of physical, mental and social needs in accordance with growth period. As an institution responsible for the problems of a dropping out teenage, PSBR Bambu Apus of East Jakarta is in charge of providing a professional social services for a drop-outs cases. In cooperation with other social institutions, PSBR provides a holistic guidance and services by using different care systems such as dormitories as residence and socialization of beneficiaries through foster parents. This research is a qualitative study providing an overview of how the implementation of foster parent patterns for a drop out teenagers. Abstrak. Anak atau remaja merupakan investasi bagi orang tua, bahkan merupakan potensi kesejahteraan serta aset bangsa di masa depan. Untuk mencetak generasi yang kelak dapat menjadi tulang punggung bangsanya harus dipersiapkan sejak dini oleh orang tua melalui pemenuhan kebutuhan baik fisik, mental maupun sosial yang sesuai dengan masa tumbuh kembangnya, menjadi penting. Sebagai instansi yang bertanggung jawab terhadap permasalahan remaja putus sekolah terlantar, PSBR Bambu Apus Jakarta Timur bertugas memberikan pelayanan sosial secara profesional bagi remaja putus sekolah terlantar. PSBR melakukan bimbingan dan pelayanan yang bersifat holistik dengan menggunakan sistem asuhan yang berbeda dengan sistem di panti sosial lain yang menggunakan asrama sebagai tempat tinggal dan tempat sosialisasi para penerima manfaat yaitu melalui orang tua asuh. Oleh karena itu, penulis melakukan penelitian kualitatif yang akan memberikan gambaran bagaimana penerapan pola orang tua asuh terhadap remaja putus sekolah.
Metode Penyembuhan Penderita Skizofrenia oleh Mantri dalam Perspektif Pekerjaan Sosial
Authors: - Pairan , Mubarok Akhmad Munif , Nugraha Ekananda Novianta
Published: December 2018

Abstract. This research aimed to know the mantri’s healing methods of schizophrenia patients in social work perspective in Andongsari Hamlet of Tugusari Village. The research problem was how the effort of professional nurse in the healing process of schizophrenia patients. The limited cost for treatment and creating negative stigma of public about schizophrenia made schizophrenia patients undergo the unfeasible treatment. With the existence of this professional nurse effort could help lighten up the families and schizophrenia patients in the healing process of schizophrenia. This research used qualitative research method with case study research type. The research location was conducted in Andongsari Hamlet, Tugusari Village, Bangsalsari Sub-district, Jember Regency. The research result was the professional nurse could help patients of schizophrenia in the healing process by utilizing the source system as support in the healing effort of schizophrenia patients. The treatment method that was done by the nurse to the schizophrenia patients through therapic medical, by providing medical medicine to make reimprovement of social function of that schizophrenia patients. Therapic stages of social function through a series activities: (a) family understanding of cognitive disability. (b) introduction of schizophrenia to environment; (c) digging the potency of the schizophrenia patients. Abstrak. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk memahami pengobatan mantri pada pasien penderita skizofrenia dalam perspektif kerja sosial di Dusun Kecil Andongsari, Desa Tugusari. Masalah penelitian ini adalah bagaimana upaya perawatan profesional dalam proses pengobatan atas pasien penderita skizofrenia. Terbatasnya penghargaan perlakuan dan penciptaan stigma negatif publik pada skizofrenia dapat membuat pasien penderita skizofrenia mengalami perlakuan yang tidak layak. Dengan upaya perawatan secara profesional ini dapat membantu mengurangi kekhawatiran keluarga dan pasien penderita skizofrenia dalam proses pengobatan skizofrenia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan tipe studi kasus. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di Dusun Andongsari, Desa Tugasari, Kecamatan Bangsalsari, Kabupaten Jember. Hasil penelitian ini adalah perawatan profesional dapat membantu pasien skizofrenia dalam proses penyembuhannya dengan menggunakan sistem sumber daya sebagai dukungan dalam upaya penyembuhan pasien skizofrenia. Metode perlakuan yang dilakukan dalam pengobatan atas penderita skizofrenia ini melalui terapi medis yakni dengan menyediakan obat medis untuk mengembalikan keberfungsian sosial dari pasien penderita skizofrenia. Tahapan terapi fungsi sosial melewati beberapa aktifitas: (a) pemahaman keluarga atas disabilitas kognitif; (b) pengenalan skizofrenia pada lingkungan; (c) penggalian potensi penderita skizofrenia.
Father-Son Communication About Consistent and Correct Condom Use
Authors: Guilamo-Ramos Vincent , Thimm-Kaiser Marco , Benzekri Adam , Rodriguez Christopher , Fuller Taleria R. , Warner Lee , Koumans Emilia H.A.
Published: December 2018

OBJECTIVES:

With this study, we explore communication about consistent and correct condom use among African American and Latino male adolescents ages 15 to 19 and their fathers.

METHODS:

Twenty-five father-son dyads completed semistructured interviews designed to elicit specific preferences for teaching and learning about consistent and correct condom use and strategies for addressing common condom use errors and problems. For analysis, we used in vivo coding and vertical and horizontal analysis techniques.

RESULTS:

Fathers and sons agreed that communication about condom use is feasible and acceptable. However, fathers tended to convey vague messages regarding protecting oneself from the negative consequences of sexual activity. Furthermore, both fathers and sons reported barriers hindering conversations. Secondly, the style and frequency of condom use conversations can help overcome barriers and support father-son relationship management. Talking frequently in 1-on-1 settings and using strategies to reduce discomfort made communication easier. Lastly, fathers and sons reported distinct preferences for teaching and learning about condom use. Sons wanted fathers to give specific guidance on the use and management of condoms. Fathers expressed interest in opportunities for improving their own condom knowledge and skills. Fathers identified gaps in their own condom use knowledge as a limitation to effective instruction of their sons.

CONCLUSIONS:

A father-focused communication intervention about condom use is feasible and acceptable. Enhancing the intergenerational benefits of father-son communication by addressing specific father-son preferences and learning needs for condom use instruction, as well as communication barriers, represents a novel mechanism for reducing male sexual reproductive health disparities.
Incorporating Recognition and Management of Perinatal Depression Into Pediatric Practice
Authors: Earls Marian F. , Yogman Michael W. , Mattson Gerri , Rafferty Jason ,   COMMITTEE ON PSYCHOSOCIAL ASPECTS OF CHILD AND FAMILY HEALTH, Baum Rebecca , Gambon Thresia , Lavin Arthur , Wissow Lawrence
Published: December 2018

Perinatal depression (PND) is the most common obstetric complication in the United States. Even when screening results are positive, mothers often do not receive further evaluation, and even when PND is diagnosed, mothers do not receive evidence-based treatments. Studies reveal that postpartum depression (PPD), a subset of PND, leads to increased costs of medical care, inappropriate medical treatment of the infant, discontinuation of breastfeeding, family dysfunction, and an increased risk of abuse and neglect. PPD, specifically, adversely affects this critical early period of infant brain development. PND is an example of an adverse childhood experience that has potential long-term adverse health complications for the mother, her partner, the infant, and the mother-infant dyad. However, PND can be treated effectively, and the stress on the infant can be buffered. Pediatric medical homes should coordinate care more effectively with prenatal providers for women with prenatally diagnosed maternal depression; establish a system to implement PPD screening at the 1-, 2-, 4-, and 6-month well-child visits; use community resources for the treatment and referral of the mother with depression; and provide support for the maternal-child (dyad) relationship, including breastfeeding support. State chapters of the American Academy of Pediatrics, working with state departments of public health, public and private payers, and maternal and child health programs, should advocate for payment and for increased training for PND screening and treatment. American Academy of Pediatrics recommends advocacy for workforce development for mental health professionals who care for young children and mother-infant dyads, and for promotion of evidence-based interventions focused on healthy attachment and parent-child relationships.
Renal Denervation: Paradise Lost? Paradise Regained?
Authors: Padmanabhan Deepak ,   Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, Isath Ameesh ,   Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN,   Department of Internal Medicine, Mount Sinai St Luke’s Hospital, New York, NY, Gersh Bernard ,   Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
Published: December 2018

Renal denervation is a relatively recent concept whose initial promising results suffered a setback following the SYMPLICITY 3 trial, which did not show a significant blood pressure-lowering effect in comparison to sham. In this review article, we begin with the history including the physiological basis behind the concept of renal denervation. Furthermore, we review the literature in support of renal denervation, including the recently published SPYRAL HTN-OFF MED, which demonstrated significant blood pressure reduction in the absence of antihypertensive medication. We further touch upon the potential pitfalls and possible future directions of renal denervation.
Coronary Bioresorbable Scaffolds in Interventional Cardiology: Lessons Learnt and Future Perspectives
Authors: Gogas Bill ,   Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China, Zhang Jun-Jie ,   Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China, Chen Shao-Liang ,   Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China
Published: December 2018

Polymer- and magnesium-based bioresorbable scaffolds were developed with the intention of restoring a functionally intact arterial wall following the scaffold’s biodegradation, avoiding the limitations of coronary stenting associated with persistent vasomotor dysfunction and sustained inflammation leading to in-stent neo-atherosclerosis. Although initial experimental observations encouraged the development of first-in-man registries and the execution of larger randomized trials, clinical results from treating relatively non-complex lesions with these technologies failed to demonstrate any incremental benefit. Furthermore, the significantly higher rates of scaffold thrombosis with the current generation scaffolds led to existing polymer-based technologies being withdrawn from the US clinical market. This article provides an overview of the preclinical and clinical lessons learnt from the recently conducted ABSORB trials using the first-generation Absorb bioresorbable vascular scaffold (Abbott Vascular), which is the most investigated coronary scaffold in clinical trials, and reflects on whether these technologies are a viable alternative to contemporary metal stents for coronary revascularization.
Пищевая специализация шмелей (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombus Latreille) Среднеобской низменности
Authors: Demidova A. T. , Tyumaseva Z. I. , Guskova E. V.
Published: December 2018

For 14 species of bumblebees, Bombus distinguendus, B. hortorum, B. consobrinus, B. muscorum, B. pascuorum, B. schrencki, B. bohemicus, B. hypnorum, B. pratorum, B. jonellus,  B. sporadicus, B. lucorum,  B. sichelii and B. semenoviellus in the conditions of Sredneobsky lowlands, we have revealed trophic connections with 83 species of metasperms belonging to 68 genera of 25 families.

 
Impact of heliogeophysical factors on the clinical-biochemical indices in pregnant women
Authors: Bobina I. V. , Sokolova G. G. , Sharlaeva E. A.
Published: December 2018

The influence of heliogeophysical factors on the clinical and biochemical parameters of pregnant women with easy and complicated births was studied. The influence of the events of the current day and the previous solar and geomagnetic activity on clinical and biochemical parameters of pregnant women with normal and complicated births was revealed. 164 pregnant women aged from 17 to 44 years, living in Barnaul, Altai region, were examined. According to the type of delivery two groups of women were identified:1) women with easy birth (46 people), 2) women with complicated birth (118 people). The following indicators were used to estimate the level of solar and geomagnetic activity: the number of sunspots, the number of Wolff, radiation at a wavelength of 10.7 cm, the average daily magnetic field perturbation (Ap– index), and the local geomagnetic disturbance index (Ak – index). Pregnant women were examined using the following parameters: the number of erythrocytes, leukocytes, blood platelets, leukocyte count, clotting time, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, prothrombin index, hemoglobin, sugar, fibrinogen, bilirubin (direct, indirect and total), total blood protein, and specific gravity. It has been established that the influence of heliogeophysical factors consists of immediate and delayed reactions with different latent periods: among women with normal births the most significant events are the events of the current day, as well as the 3rd, 6th and 7th days before the examination; among women with difficult births - on the 2nd, 4th, 5th and 7th days. Among heliogeophysical factors the average daily disturbance of the Earth's magnetic field has the greatest influence on clinical and biochemical parameters. 60% of the clinical and biochemical parameters analyzed among pregnant women depend on this factor. Clinical and biochemical indicators are less susceptible to heliogeophysical factors among women with complicated births. The coefficient of determination by the factors of solar activity reaches 25% (direct bilirubin) among them; factors of geomagnetic activity - 31.5% (urine protein), whereas in the group of women with normal births the coefficient of determination is 50% (total bilirubin) and 71% (total bilirubin). According to clinical-biochemical indicators 8 types of correlations were found: 1 type – at low level of solar and geomagnetic activity, 4 types – at medium and 3 types at high level. Linear and nonlinear functional dependencies of the indicators on heliogeophysical factors are revealed for each typological group.
The Installation for Processing of Parts with a Complex Profile of Working Surface
Authors: Skryabin Vladimir A.
Published: December 2018

Introduction. The article presents new solutions for designing the equipment for final processing parts with a complex profile of working surface. The said solutions allow a planetary rotation of the part at a small center distance of the mandrel with the workpiece and the spindle of the installation. This solution improves the quality of the working surfaces and reduces energy costs.
Materials and Methods. The disadvantage of modern devices for final processing of complex parts is the increased energy consumption and the large axial distance between the part and spindle. These factors reduce the quality of processing and the part range in terms of weight and dimension characteristics. The application of new solutions to change the design of the installation is relevant. When designing a new installation, the center distance between the part and the spindle was reduced. This contributed to the reduction of vibrations, improving the quality of surface treatment and increasing the product range.
Results. The calculations to reduce the resistance of the abrasive medium affecting on the surface of the diesel engine turbo-compressor wheel blades confirmed the expediency of the solution. The calculations of the part for deflection by using Solid Works 2016 software were carried out. The calculations demonstrated the reliability of the installation when processing parts of medium and large sizes as compared to the basic installation option previously made by Penza State University for Penzadieselmash Company.
Conclusions. The calculations made it possible to find that the reduction of the center distance reduces the deflection of parts and vibration in the process of finishing and allows stabilizing the quality and performance of processing the surfaces of a complex profile with less energy coast. A new design of the installation was developed and manufactured. It contributes to planetary rotation of the part at a small axial distance of the mandrel with the part and the spindle of the device.

Keywords: theoretical study, result of study, complex surface, part surface, loose abrasive particles, performance, quality indicator, equipment design, design calculation automation

For citation: Skryabin V. А. The Installation for Processing of Parts with a Complex Profile of Working Surface. Vestnik Mordovskogo universiteta = Mordovia University Bulletin. 2018; 28(4):552–561. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15507/0236-2910.028.201804.552-561
Shaping Scientific Worldview of Schoolchildren by Including Synergetics into the Content of Education
Authors: Mukushev Bazarbek A. , Zheldybayeva Balgyn S. , Mussatayeva Iyungul S. , Mukushev Serik B. , Karieyva Kaliya U. , Turdina Aizhan B.
Published: December 2018

Introduction. The article presents an optimal use of synergy elements as most important methods of forming a generalized worldview in schoolchildren. It determines the relevance of this study. A brief theoretical analysis of synergetic as a self-organization theory is given. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the efficiency of synergetics in the process of molding the worldview of high school s tudents.
Materials and Methods. Pedagogical experiment method, test method, sign criterion method, analysis, comparison and generalization were used as research tools.
Results. Methodological tools to enhance the formation of the system of ideological knowledge among students were identified. Elective courses are considered as an effective means of realizing the worldview functions of high school subjects. The results of the pedagogical experiment are presented. In the experiment levels of formation of the system of worldview knowledge in natural science and humanities were revealed. The authors used the ideas of synergetics in the process of forming the scientific worldview of students, who assimilated the knowledge holistically, but not in fragments. They got an integral view of reality and formed a synergetic picture of the world.
Discussion and Conclusion. The practical significance of the research is in the introduction of ideas of synergetics into the educational process of secondary schools and the structuring the content of natural sciences and humanities. This content is aimed at the formation of a generalized worldview of schoolchildren. The novelty of the research lies in the development of integrative subjects, courses and interdisciplinary programs with synergistic content. This development allows you to prepare high-quality teaching staff. These frames are capable of realizing the ideological function of school subjects. Further development of the material presented in the article is seen in expanding the scope of research in these areas: designing a system of ideological and synergistic knowledge. This knowledge is necessary for the formation of the generalized worldview; development of methods and technologies for teaching a system of synergistic knowledge.
Keywords: generalized worldview, synergetics (theory of self-organization), elective courses, system of worldview synergetics knowledge, synergetic picture of the world, pedagogical experiment, criterion of signs
Methods for Optimization of Student’s Number in Higher Educational Institutions
Authors: Bokarev Aleksandr I. , Denisova Еlena S. , Dobrenko Aleksandr M. , Serdyuk Vitaliy S.
Published: December 2018

Introduction. The article deals with implementation of tasks of specialists’ training by universities. The relevance is determined by a dropout trends in training years. The authors analyze the results of the specialists’ training and graduation; also they determine the goal and objectives of the research. The study purpose is to identify specialists’ training patterns and to develop methods to optimize the students’ number in training years according to the final results.
Materials and Methods. Results of training and graduates’ number for 2012-2017 comprised material for the study. An approach to provide management of assignment for higher education professionals training has been developed, and it is the students’ number optimization methodology in years of study according to the final results. It links initial and final results into one line and predicts intermediate results that ensure fulfillment of graduates’ training orders not lower than the established final results. The following general scientific methods are used in the article: compilation, benchmarking, synthesis and normative forecasting.
Results. Optimization methodologies in years of education concerning the final results were tested. The findings showed that the final result directly depends on the intermediate results; the students’ number decline can be brought to optimal values if initial and final results are determined and linked with each other.
Discussion and Conclusion. The possibility to bring students’ number reduction into line with optimal values is proved theoretically and practically if the forecast of graduation is provided. Thus the forecast of optimal intermediate results is the main link for educational management methods development for specialists’ training tasks. It is an area for further research. The contribution to science consists in the development of methods for predicting the optimal number of students in the year regarding to the final result. The article’s materials will be useful to the permanent composition of professional educational institutions for the development of measures tar geted control in the educational process.
Keywords: assignment on specialists’ training, students’ drop out, trends in specialists’ training, specialists’ graduation, optimization of students’ number
Acknowledgments: The work was carried out within the research project “Quality management of professional education based on new information technologies”. The authors are grateful to the anonymous reviewer.
Improving the Teaching of Foreign Languages through Comparative Analysis of Images in Proverbs and Sayings
Authors: Belousova Alla K. , Epritskaya Nina K.
Published: December 2018

Introduction. The paper considers the teaching methodology aiding to improve the foreign language acquisition at a technical non-linguistic university by introducing a system of language skills building exercises such as analysis and comparison of images contained in English and Russian proverbs and sayings. The authors consider these techniques as learning and developmental tools. The aim of the study is to describe the above didactic techniques. Relevant research is few. The available practical methodological results are non-systematized.
Materials and Methods. The information about the approaches was drawn on 63 sources and generalized. In the linguistic part the authors used the semantic analysis of images, the method of comparison; in the psycho-pedagogical part – the method of psychological-pedagogical experiment. The approbation of techniques was implemented at National Research Irkutsk Technical University in 2017–2018. The objects of the study were represented by 4 groups of first year students (2 experimental and 2 control groups).
Results. Firstly, analysis and comparison of semantic images of English and Russian versions of proverbs and sayings helps students of non-linguistic universities to develop their speaking skills. Secondly, the integrative approach develops skills for selecting figurative analogues and contributes to the intelligent use of proverbs and sayings in oral speech. The empirical study proved the adequacy of the authors’ approach. This is a new insight into the problem of potentiality of idioms in the development of foreign language speaking abilities.
Discussion and Conclusion. The study conducted with participation of university students works towards improvement of teaching methodology essential for teaching foreign languages based on the psychological- deductive approach. The approach may be applied in teaching students of linguistic universities and schoolchildren. This paper addresses foreign language teaching staff concerned with getting familiar with advanced methodologies.

Keywords: improvement of teaching techniques, English language, proverbs, sayings, analysis of images, elaboration of translation skills, development of oral foreign language skill and memory
Betegpreferenciák az egészségügyi célú internethasználatban
Authors: Varga Zsuzsa , Horváth Tamás
Published: December 2018

Abstract:

Introduction: More sophisticated implementation of the Internet in healthcare improves medical services innumerably. To better understand the patients’ preferences for health-related use of Internet is warranted. Aim: Our aim was to determine the patients’ health-related Internet use. Method: Patients attending our private clinic between October 2016 and April 2017 were surveyed. Results: 208 questionnaires have been evaluated. Most patients use Internet daily, primarily on mobiles. The majority have already searched for health-related information online, 19% do regularly. 53% are satisfied with online contents and open to websites recommended by physicians. 32% of patients have already communicated with doctors online and 93% are satisfied doing so. 8% of patients use health-related smartphone applications regularly, 6% use other Internet-based health-monitoring devices. 60% of patients have already chosen a physician based on web information, while 17% do regularly. 82% of respondents have not yet shared health-related information on the Internet. Conclusions: The Internet is widely used by patients seeking information about their health, yet they are dissatisfied with the quality. Many patients are open to recommendations offered by physicians regarding sources of online information. Online communication between physician and patient might increase patient satisfaction. There is no breakthrough in the use of health-related websites, mobile apps or devices in Hungary. The demand for such service could be considered moderate. Additionally, online patient forums are not specifically popular. The medical society in Hungary should accept that physician selection by patients depends more increasingly upon information made available online. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(51): 2175–2182.
Fogászati sérülésekről készült látleletek komplex terminológiai, fogászati és igazságügyi orvosszakértői elemzése
Authors: Bán Ágnes , Patonai Zoltán , Fogarasi Katalin , Schneider Philipp , Boda Róbert , Gergely Péter
Published: December 2018

Abstract:

Writing a constat is a professional skill required of every general physician and dentist. Constats are issued by healthcare providers on the investigating authority’s, court’s or injured person’s request. This document is an official judicial evidence, a record of medical examination, and it is also a medical opinion which can determine the outcome of the subsequent legal process. Incomplete and incorrect injury descriptions make it difficult for forensic experts to form accurate and appropriate opinions. The authors examined 147 dental and oral surgical constats from the Universities of Pécs and Debrecen using multidisciplinary approach (according to terminological, dental, surgical, forensic and criminal legal aspects). Several medical reports contained mistakes in terms of inaccuracies and self-contradictions, terminology and professional medical practice. The documents included 352 injuries (11.1% of which were tooth injuries, 47.7% bone injuries and 41.2% soft-tissue injuries). The low number of attributes per injury (0.64 on average) indicates insufficient documentation. As a result of the comparative analysis, significant differences were found between the documentation of dental injuries and that of other bone injuries pertaining to their information content. We can state that physicians are most consistent when describing bone injuries, while they are less articulate about tooth injuries. The authors provide an overview of the legal consequences of injuries as well as the legal practice regarding tooth injuries in Germany and Austria, and recommend the creation of a nationwide, unified terminology for both dental and trauma departments on nasal and dental injuries. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(51): 2154–2161.
Az ischaemiás eredetű balkamra-aneurysma sebészi rekonstrukciója. Két sebészi technika korai és középtávú eredményei
Authors: Balau Radu , Deac Radu , Kovacs Judit , Harpa Marius , Ghiragosian Claudiu , Al Hussein Hussam , Suciu Horatiu
Published: December 2018

Abstract:

Introduction: Left ventricular aneurysm is a severe complication of acute myocardial infarction, which contributes significantly to mortality and morbidity associated with this pathology. Despite the progress of correction techniques, there are still controversies about the optimal approach addressing this pathology. Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse short and medium term outcomes of left ventricular reconstruction for ischemic left ventricular aneurysm using two surgical techniques (endoventricular patch plasty and liniar suture) in order to determine if one of these techniques has supperior results. Method: 117 patients were included in the study, 48 patients (41%) underwent left ventricular reconstruction with endoventricular patch (Group 1), 69 patients (59%; Group 2) had linear reconstruction. 113 patients (96.5%) required associated procedures: 108 surgical myocardial revascularization, 18 mitral valvuloplasty and 8 ventricular septal defect closure. Short and medium term morbidity, mortality, alteration of ejection fraction and NYHA class were analysed. Results: Perioperative mortality was 11.11%, 4.2% in the endoventricular patch group, and 15.9% in the linear suture group (p = 0.03). The overall 5-year survival was 78.5% (88.7% in Group 1 and 71.2% in Group 2). The left ventricular ejection fraction and NYHA functional class improved in both groups, with greater improvement in the endoventricular patch group. Conclusions: Surgical ventricular reconstruction is a procedure performed for the correction of ischemic left ventricular aneurysm with good early and medium-term results, but with better results with the endoventricular patch technique regarding early and medium-term mortality, ejection fraction and NYHA functional class improvement. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(51): 2167–2174.
Brand Personality Model of Chain Drug Stores in Chile
Authors: Escobar-Farfán Manuel , Gallargo Rodrigo
Published: December 2018

La siguiente investigación propone un modelo de personalidad de marca que se origina de la validez estructural del modelo teórico denominado “Pharmacy Chains Brand Personality”. El modelo desarrollado ha sido elaborado mediante un diseño metodológico compuesto por  una validez estructural exploratoria y confirmaría con adecuados índices de ajuste y confiabilidad. Si bien ha sido considerado el modelo de Aaker (1997) de referencia al tener un reconocimiento y validez por la literatura, este estudio se ha adaptado al contexto de las cadenas de farmacias en Chile. Esta investigación es de carácter exploratorio de tipo cuantitativa y con la aplicación de cuestionaros estructurados compuestos por una escala Likert de 5 niveles para identificar el grado de acuerdo de los 30 rasgos de personalidad que fueron propuestos para la industria (Escobar-Farfán et al., 2017). Es relevante la aplicación de personalidad de marca en la industria de las cadenas de farmacia debido a la importancia de la industria en la sociedad, como también la elaboración de nuevas estrategias comerciales que se adapten a las necesidades y apreciaciones de los consumidores ante la industria farmacéutica. La técnica aplicada ha sido un análisis factorial, los cuales arrojaron la validez de 14 rasgos de personalidad agrupados en dos dimensiones de personalidad; transparencia y ambición. Este documento contribuye a la literatura de marca y conducta del consumidor, ya que entrega los patrones que reconocen los clientes de las farmacias, lo que permite la elaboración de futuras investigaciones para analizar el comportamiento y decisión de compra del consumidor, la cual fue afectada por el descubrimiento de colusión de la industria en Chile.Palabras claves: Personalidad de marca, Farmacias, Rasgos de Personalidad, Chile, marca.
ROLE OF TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA IN IMMUNE PATHOGENESIS OF DIFFERENT DISEASES AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE FOR EVOLVING ANTICYTOKINE THERAPY WITH MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES
Authors: Voronina E. V. , Lobanova N. V. , Yakhin I. R. , Romanova N. A. , Seregin Yu. A.
Published: December 2018

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (generally known as cachectin) was noted as a hallmark since the time of its discovery and still retains its position as one of the most intensely studied molecules in the field of biomedicine. TNFα is considered a prototype molecule of the family which, on the one hand, plays an important role in regulating normal differentiation, growth and metabolism of various cells, and on the other hand, acts as mediator of inflammatory processes in various human diseases. Intensive interdisciplinary studies of TNFα biological role and therapeutic use have led to understanding of its polyfunctional effects and establishment of its leading role in immune pathogenesis of diseases, which was the basis for the development of “anticytokine” therapy with highly specific monoclonal antibodies. We aimed for a search of literature in the field of studying TNFα structure and properties, its role under normal conditions, in different diseases and therapy. The literature studies were performed using scientific searching systems and databases. The results are as follows: the role of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) in human body in normal and pathological state was considered. Possible TNF-inducible signaling pathways, as well as existing inhibitors based on monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases are  described. In conclusion, intensive interdisciplinary studies of TNFα biological functions in normal state and diseases are still relevant today, despite huge knowledge gained on this subject.Undisputable progress in understanding the functional multiplicity of TNFα as a participant in regulation of various physiological and pathological processes in the human body has promoted development of biological agents, i.e., the tumor necrosis factor inhibitors based on monoclonal antibodies, which proved to be highly effective drugs for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other  diseases, thus being effective and safe biopharmaceuticals.
TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF EVALUATING CYTOKINE PROFILE AND LEUKOCYTE REACTION IN BILE DUCT OBTURATION OF DIFFERENT ORIGIN
Authors: Karpunina T. I. , Godovalov A. P. , Busyrev Yu. B.
Published: December 2018

The study was carried out to assess the prospects for the combined use of leukocyte and cytokine indices in the bile duct obstruction of different genesis.We have performed a study of the patients with mechanical jaundice, either due to tumor (14 persons), or non-tumor genesis (16 persons). Concentrations of cytokines (IL-1, IL-4, IL-8, TNFα) were determined in blood serum before surgical intervention. The total activity of endogenous inflammatory mediators in the serum of patients was estimated as an index of inflammatory activity (IVA), which was calculated using the following formula: IVA = (IL-1 + TNFα)/IL-4. In addition, a number of leukocyte indices were calculated. The cellular component in the index estimation makes it possible to clarify the intensity of the inflammatory reaction, and to suggest the direction of the functional changes among the  immunocompetent cells.It was shown that IVA in presence of malignancy is significantly higher than in benign conditions. Overactivation of immune response in tumors may be caused by a significant predominance of pro-nflammatory cytokines. Moreover, in cases of malignant tumor growth, both with or without cholangitis, the index scores of humoral and cellular components let us suggest the some problems with regeneration, due to pro-inflammatory domination of immune response, which does not ensure activation of the corresponding reactions. It has been established that the leukocyte intoxication index (LII) is increased,in patients with a combination of malignant disorder and cholangitis, and the immunoreactivity index (MDI) is lowered. In absence of cholangitis, the opposite pattern is observed, when LII is slightly lowered and MDI is elevated. Correlation analysis for the patients with cholangitis revealed a high association of cytokine imbalance and endogenous intoxication. A complex of cytokine and leukocyte indices is promising, when each of them reflects a certain part of the process, and their combination gives an integral picture of the pathology and allows to predict development of the disease. Such an approach, seems to increase the diagnostic significance of these immunological indices, primarily, the cytokine production, and may be used when predicting currence of complications in the surgical treatment of the disease.