bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Errors: Association with level of expertise, effect of time taken to reach the diagnosis and utilization of differential diagnosis checklists among postgraduate trainees
Authors: Khan Hasham , Mahboob Usman , Ahmad Tariq
Published: October 2022

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate: (1) The association between level of training (expertise) and rate of diagnostic errors. (2) The effect of time taken to reach a diagnosis on the frequency of diagnostic errors. (3) The effect of utilization of differential diagnosis checklists in reducing the frequency of diagnostic errors.

Methods: The study was carried out from November 2020 till April 2021 in Peshawar. The participants included FCPS Part-II trainees of Maxillofacial Surgery undergoing training in five centres. Thirty written case scenarios were prepared and validated, ten scenarios for each of the three objectives. To evaluate the association between training level (expertise) and the rate of diagnostic errors, two groups of trainees (1st year group and 4th year group) were formed and given ten same case scenarios for diagnosis. To evaluate the effect of time taken to reach diagnosis on the frequency of diagnostic errors, two groups of 4th year trainees (fast group and slow group) were formed by random allocation of participants to groups and given ten similar case scenarios for diagnosis. Fast group was given 15-minutes whereas slow group was given 30-minutes to respond. To evaluate the effect of utilization of differential diagnosis checklists in reducing diagnostic errors, again two groups of 4th year trainees were formed by random allocation of participants to groups and given ten similar case scenarios for diagnosis. One group was given differential diagnosis checklists for the scenarios and the other none.

Results: In this study, participants included were 1st year (n=36) and 4th year (n=36) trainees of Maxillofacial Surgery. The results showed that training level or expertise was significantly associated with the rate of diagnostic errors (p = 0.002). Time taken to reach diagnosis and differential diagnosis checklists have no significant effect on the frequency of diagnostic errors (p = 0.74 and 0.56 respectively).

Conclusions: Training level (expertise) has significant effect on the frequency of diagnostic errors whereas no significant effect was recorded for time (time taken to reach diagnosis) and differential diagnosis checklists on the rate of diagnostic errors.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.5392

How to cite this:Khan H, Mahboob U, Ahmad T. Diagnostic Errors: Association with level of expertise, effect of time taken to reach the diagnosis and utilization of differential diagnosis checklists among postgraduate trainees . Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(8):---------.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.5392

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
A clinical study on clinical features,manifestations and drug resistance of melioidosis
Authors: Hui Huang , Sheng Yan , Han Xiaosheng , Wang Suimei , Zhang Gang , Wei Xiaobing
Published: October 2022

Objectives: To explore the clinical features, manifestations and drug resistance of melioidosis.

Methods: The clinical data of 45 melioidosis patients treated by Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University during January 2015 and January 2020 were studied. Informaiton collected included age, birthplace, area of residence, sex, ethnic group, clinical symptoms or signs, colony culture results, degree of drug resistance, treatment regimens and outcomes, department of initial diagnosis, and specimen type, thereby giving an analysis of the clinical features, manifestations, and treatment outcomes of the disease. Body fluids were obtained from all patients to analyze the drug resistance of the bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei based on colony culture and susceptibility test results.

Results: In the 45 cases of melioidosis, the clinical manifestations predominantly included low fever (31.11%), pulmonary infection (22.22%); auxiliary examinations often suggested increases in C reactive protein (CRP) (73.33%), white blood cell count (#WBC) (68.89%) and procalcitonin (PCT) (66.67%); susceptibility test results showed that Burkholderia pseudomallei yielded high sensitive rate to antibacterials including trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (SXT) (88.89%),ceftazidime (CAZ)(93.33%), meropenem (MEM) (100.00%), imipenem (IPM)(100.00%); Of the 45 melioidosis patients, 23 were cured (51.11%), and 21 showed an improvement (33.33%) or remained stable (13.33%); A relatively high percentage of the patients experienced post-discharge recurrence/aggravation (recurrence within six months: 4.44%; recurrence within a year: 6.67%).

Conclusions: Low fever, pulmonary infection, and increases in serum inflammatory markers are major clinical features of melioidosis. Burkholderia pseudomallei presents high resistance rates to antibacterials such as GEN, FEP, AMP, and IPM.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.5506

How to cite this:Hui H, Sheng Y, Han X, Wang S, Zhang G, Wei X. A clinical study on clinical features, manifestations and drug resistance of melioidosis. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(8):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.5506

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
role of trade unions in sport - the essence, features and perspectives
Authors: Matuszak Michał
Published: October 2022

Trade unions play an important role in organizing activities in the field of labour law, although some representatives of the doctrine believe that the ruling powers of trade unions are in fact administrative in nature. The role of trade unions is important in all sectors of the economy, including sports. In many European countries, trade unions in sport play a key role in ensuring that players’ right are respected. The potential of trade unions in Poland is still not fully used. The aim of this article is to analyse the role of trade unions in sport by determining their features and perspectives, in particular taking into account the extension of the subjective scope of the coalition right after the amendment to the Trade Unions Act. The deliberations will lead to an answer to the question: Is it finally time for trade unions in the professional sport sector or is it still a distant perspective?

The article uses the dogmatic and legal method, and also indicates foreign solutions in relation to the comparative method. The considerations present legal solutions in the USA, England and the Netherlands. The deliberations concern both labor law and sports law. The main conclusion from the conducted research is that there are formal and legal possibilities for trade unions to play a more important role in the medium and long term, however, there is no specific entity or group of entities that would be really interested in their development, both among the athletes themselves as well as in sports clubs and Polish sports associations or the Ministry of Sport.
Human’s Bosom Buddy Beagle: As an Experimental Animal Model
Authors: Chavan Sonali R. , Jadhav krushna L. , R. Chavan Suryakant , N. Chandak Mahesh
Published: October 2022

The fundamental purpose of this article is to review the human’s bosom buddy beagle dog as a pet animal, as an experimental animal model for basic research methodology, and other uses of this breed in various field. Main focus of this paper is to light up beagle dog anatomical and physiological resemblance to humans with brief idea about disease pathology and treatment. The article collect different diseases that associated to eyes, oral system, CVS and bone joint, from different review articles and research papers, putting all these study in one paper. This animal model gives practical and clinical knowledge about disease pathology, history and mechanism of the drug. Overall conclusion was to describe scope of beagle as an animal model to understand human anatomy and the effect of drug that having similar action on dog as well as humans. This provides platform to develop novel drug on various diseases and assessment of their safety and efficacy. With this ,the review paper explain that beagle is not only human’s a true hearted buddy but also the great companion animal that help in research work to go beyond the limit of experiment to serve good health to mankind and environment.
Algal Bioactive Compounds against Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Authors: Sen Sunipa , Satpati Gour Gopal , Basu Pritha
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT: Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are one of the major global health issues which is either ignored or gets suppressed due to difficulty in bringing forth the discussion in public domain. However, with the advent of time, naturally obtained solutions are making their mark in diagnostic areas. Algae and its bioactive compounds are amongst the natural and environment-friendly compounds which might provide solutions to the global challenges presented by STDs. Recent studies on efficacy of seaweeds as antiviral components exemplify the undivided attention within the area.The marine seaweeds also known as plants of the sea like, blue green algae; red, brown and green algae, have therapeutic preeminent compounds like lectins, sulfated polysaccharides, carrageenan, carotenoids, fucoidans, which has broad antiviral properties. The present review aims on the understanding of the function and potency of bioactive marine algal compounds which might be studied further in an expansive way to be used as a potential drug against various STDs. An effort has been made to decode the composition as well as the constitution of various types of algae that furnish an elevated level of different prospects which can help in paving the way in diversified areas in scientific and medical assistance.
Quercetin Prevents Bisphenol S Induced Behavioral Changes and Oxidative Stress iZebrafish by Modulating Brain Antioxidant Defense Mechanism
Authors: Ragunath Ravichandiran , Pratima Bichandarkoil Jayaram , Premnath Briska Jifrina , Nalini Namasivayam
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT: The man-made xenoestrogen bisphenol S has been well-established and associated with developing neoplasm, dementia, neurotoxicity, anxiety, and other adverse effects in people and other organisms. The mechanisms of BPS-induced toxicity have been studied; however, it is unclear if there is any prospect for improvement by natural means. After being exposed to BPS through water, zebrafish (Danio rerio) were employed in this investigation to determine whether quercetin co-supplementation could lessen the compound's destructive potential. Laboratory tests were done to see if quercetin's antioxidant properties may shield the zebrafish brain from oxidative stress and altered behavioral responses brought on by BPS. The available evidence shows that quercetin is beneficial in reducing the abnormal behavioral response brought on by BPS. Quercetin (QU) may have therapeutic potential for reducing oxidative stress caused by BPS, according to biochemical research conducted in the zebrafish brain. In addition, quercetin guards the zebrafish brain against toxicity brought on by BPS. These preliminary findings imply that quercetin, which reduces the generation of reactive oxygen species, would be an effective treatment for BPS-induced toxicity in zebrafish.
Individual and Synergistic Potential of Bioactive Compounds from Chrysopogon Zizanioides Against Main-Protease of SARSCov-2 using Computational Approach
Authors: Ragunathan Venkataraghavan , Ramakrishnan Thiruchelvi , Narayanan Rajnish
Published: October 2022

This study presents the anti-COVID potential of bioactive compounds from Chrysopogon zizanioides thorough in-silico molecular docking approach using AutoDock Vina software. As of our knowledge, the antiviral potential of all its bioactive compounds and their synergistic potentials against SARS-CoV-2 main-protease is not reported earlier. The results were promising with ß-Sitosterol (?G = -7.5 kcal/mol; Ki = 3.13 µM); Campesterol (?G = -7.4 kcal/mol; Ki = 3.71 µM); Stigmast-4-en-3-one (?G = -7.3 kcal/mol; Ki = 4.39 µM) forming noncovalent interactions with the amino acids in the active site of Mpro causing inhibition. The synergistic potential of compounds showed a significant sign of inhibition against Mpro with -7.9 kcal/mol with the sequential combination of ß-Sitosterol; Campesterol; Stigmast-4-en-3-one. The docking protocol validation was performed by re-docking and superimposing co-crystallized ligand, and interactions visualized using Discovery Studio 2020. Moreover, all the compounds satisfied Lipinski’s oral drug-likeliness properties to be used and oral drug. These bioactive compounds of Chrysopogon zizanioides showed low binding energies against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro which proved their anti-COVID potential. Thus, by incorporating Chrysopogon zizanioides for consumption in daily life, it is very likely that one can get rid of COVID-19.
Overview of Molecular Quantification of the BCR-ABL Oncogene in CML Patients
Authors: Hazazi Ali , Albayedh Mohammed , Albloui Fawaz , Alsulami Mishal
Published: October 2022

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is considered a common blood cancers and accounts for approximately 15–20% of the total cases of leukemia. Recent studies indicated that above 95% of patients suffering of CML have been found with a distinctive Philadelphia chromosome that originates from a mutual translocation between both arms of chromosomes 9 and 22. During this mutation the translocation of the ABL gene located on chromosome 9 get transferred to the breakpoint cluster region (BCR) of chromosome 22 as an effect of a joined BCR-ABL gene. Furthermore, BCR-ABL oncogene is characteristically found in CML, causing cells to divide uncontrollably and inducing severe consequences among CML patients. In line with this, applying quantification technique of the BCR-ABL gene using molecular approaches is crucial for patient controlling, initiation of the proper treatment, measurement of response to therapy, and prediction of relapse. Of greater significance, molecular assay and monitoring of the BCR-ABL gene in CML using quantitative RT-PCR provides physicians with essential diagnostic and prognostic information.
Mycobiota of Medicinal Plants of Azerbaijan and Mycological Safety of their Use
Authors: Bakshaliyeva Konul F. , Gulahmedov Saib G. , Mammadova Mehriban Y. , Gasimova Gunel A.
Published: October 2022

In the presented work, the mycobiota of several medicinal plants that make up the flora of Azerbaijan was studied in order to create basic information for the development of principles of mycological safety of their use. The results showed that the mycobiota of the studied plants is rich in species composition, since 186 species are involved in the formation of the mycobiota of medicinal plants included in the flora of Azerbaijan, 94.1% of which are real fungi (Mycota), and 6.9% are mushroom-like organisms (Chromista). Among the detected fungi, a significant proportion of opportunistic (opportunistic), allergenic and toxigenic fungi, which are an indirect or direct source of danger to all living things, including humans. This circumstance justifies the need to prepare documents regulating the mycological safety of plant materials intended for medical purposes, and the first approach when using these plants should take into account the number of mycobiota, the quantitative indicator of which should not exceed 103 CFU/g (dry weight).
Formulation and Quality Evaluation of Cicer arietinum L. Milk Paneer
Authors: Lavanya. A Lavanya. A , Arivuchudar. R Arivuchudar. R
Published: October 2022

Paneer is the soft cheese variety made from coagulation of milk with the help of acid. This study aimed to make the vegan paneer used with Cicer arietinum milk as it is one of the good sources of all essential nutrients. Cicer arietinum contains protein, fat, carbohydrates, dietfiberibre, beta carotene, B- complex vitamins, and minerals. The Cicer arietinum milk paneer was formulated in different variations by incorporating 75%, 50%, and 25% of Cicer arietinum milk into cow’s milk. On sensory evaluation, 75% of Cicer arietinum milk incorporated paneer was found to be highly acceptable and was subjected further for nutritional and phytochemical analysis. The formulated paneer was highly significant in all nutrients and was found to be low cost so it is affordable for all economic groups when compared with the control paneer made only from cow’s milk.
The Special Dietary Needs of Pilgrims and Practices of Agencies Regarding Food Quality and Safety During the Hajj
Authors: Turkistani Arwa Mohammed Shukri
Published: October 2022

It is necessary to take the pilgrims' dietary needs into consideration to avoid the complication of health especially chronic diseases, which will lead to reduce expenditure on health services. This study aimed to explore the availability of special meals that are provided to pilgrims according to their health condition, highlight the Hajj agencies’ practices with regard to food quality and safety for pilgrims and investigate the prevalence of the diseases requiring special diets among pilgrims. A cross-sectional study design was used. The data was collected via an online questionnaire. This study included 394 pilgrims who attended Hajj at least once from 2015-2019. About 20% suffered from chronic diseases; the most common: hypertension, diabetes and allergy. 15.7% required a special diet. There was an increase in the healthy method of meal preparation, the amount of water and vegetables/fruit, however, unhealthy sweets too. About 82% were overall satisfied with services; there were significant associations between it and some parameters: such as specified meal times, cleanness of eating place, utensils and hygiene of workers. In conclusion, most agencies did not provide special meals. It is important to take into consideration the calorie, nutrients and safety of food. This study recommends pre-Hajj electronic orders of meals due to health condition and using meal vending machines.
Structural Stability of Ant-plant Mutualistic Networks Mediated by Extrafloral Nectaries: Looking at the Effects of Forest Fragmentation in the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Miranda Patrícia Nakayama , Ribeiro José Eduardo Lahoz da Silva , Corro Erick J. , Brasil Izaias , Delabie Jacques Hubert Charles , Dáttilo Wesley
Published: October 2022

Rainforest fragmentation drastically affects biodiversity and species composition, mainly due to habitat loss. Several studies have already shown the effects of forest fragmentation on plant and ant communities. To date, however, there is limited empirical knowledge of how forest fragmentation affects ant-plant interaction in networks. We investigated the effects of the configuration of rainforest fragments on the structure of ant-plant interaction networks mediated by extrafloral nectaries (EFNs). We carried out this study in ten forest fragments, ranging in size from approximately 5 to 3,000 ha, located in the Brazilian Amazon. In each fragment we established a plot of 6,250 m2, in which all ant-plant interactions were recorded, and calculated the following network descriptors: number of interactions, network size, network specialization, diversity of interactions, and nestedness. We used four explanatory variables to investigate the effects of forest fragmentation on these network descriptors: three metrics of the configuration of fragments (i.e., fragment area, edge irregularity, and connectivity) and the forest structure within each fragment, represented by canopy cover. We did not detect any effect of the explanatory variables on the network descriptors. The structural stability of the networks sampled in forest fragments with different configurations is possibly related to the observed constancy of ant species in the central core of highly interacting species. Our results corroborate other studies highlighting the structural stability of these facultative ant-plant networks mediated by EFNs in different spatial and temporal gradients. Nonetheless, the low constancy of plant species in the generalist core should be understood as a warning, mainly because the functionality of this protective mutualism (i.e., food secretions in exchange for protection against herbivory) remains unknown.
Predicting the stability of early employment with its timing and childhood social and health-related predictors: a mixture Markov model approach
Authors: Helske Satu , Keski-Säntti Markus , Kivelä Juha , Juutinen Aapo , Kääriälä Antti , Gissler Mika , Merikukka Marko , Lallukka Tea
Published: October 2022

To extend work careers, it is important to focus on all working-aged people including young adults. The aim of this study was to identify typical patterns of work participation among young adults after their first entry into the labour market and to examine whether the timing of entry together with parental and own socio-economic position and health predict early work participation. More in-depth understanding of early careers and their early determinants is important to plan targeted interventions and to promote more stable work participation among young adults.

We used the Finnish Birth Cohort 1987 including data from several registers from all 59,476 children born in 1987 as well as their parents, followed until 2015. We estimated a mixture Markov model that allowed for joint identification of latent classes of labour-market attachment, estimation of labour-market transitions within classes, and prediction of class membership using childhood social and health-related determinants.

We observed that the first entry into the labour market as measured by six months in continuous employment was not a permanent entry for many, not only due to negative reasons such as unemployment and ill health but also due to more voluntary reasons such as studies. Individuals entering the labour market at a later age were more likely to be in continuous employment thereafter. More advantaged background predicted exits due to studies or – when following a late entry – stable employment, while disadvantaged background factors predicted more unstable work and long-term exits from the labour market.
Is my best friend toxic? A textual analysis of online advice on difficult relationships
Authors: Lahad Kinneret , van Hooff Jenny
Published: October 2022

In this article, we analyse how mediated discourses of toxic friendships echo and reconstruct the category of the toxic friend. We ask: what kind of assumptions does the toxic friendship discourse draw on, and what forms of subjectivity and interpersonal relationships are encouraged? Employing a critical discourse analysis of digital texts, we argue that the discursive category of the toxic friend draws on a simplistic set of classificatory dichotomies distinguishing between the good and the toxic friend. We also suggest that the popular labelling of difficult friendships as ‘toxic’ reflects the contemporary diffusion of the notion of toxicity in contemporary public culture. We contend that this discourse reflects the discursive conflation between therapeutic culture and neoliberal wellness logic, with the figure of the toxic friend constructed in ways that support imperatives for self-care and self-governance. While much of the advice situates friendship as an important personal tie, there is very little encouragement to ‘work’ on these relationships. As such, these discourses offer a reductive, disposable approach to friendship ties that overlooks the complexities and lived experiences of friendship relations.
Evaluation of a brief carer support intervention
Authors: Long Maureen , Frederico Margarita , Fernandez Richard
Published: October 2022

There is international evidence that informal or unpaid carers have poorer mental health and experience higher levels of isolation and stress than others in the population. Identifying approaches that promote carer well-being is critical to supporting this essential role in the community. This study presents the findings of the evaluation of a brief carer intervention designed to improve carers’ well-being delivered by a community service organisation. The manualised programme provided information and psycho-education to adult carers in five regional locations in Victoria, Australia. Positive change was noted in carers’ knowledge of good mental health and well-being, supports, and social connectedness.
Bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling in the diagnosis of ACTH-dependent Cushing’s syndrome: experience in a tertiary hospital
Authors: Moreno Parro Isabel , Ortiz Sánchez David , García Moreno Rosa , Gómez Rioja Rubén , Frutos Martínez Remedios , Álvarez-Escolá Cristina
Published: October 2022

Objectives

Bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling (BIPSS) is a useful test for differential diagnosis of central vs. ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-dependent Cushing’s syndrome (CS). We provide a description of the protocol used in our Center and an analysis of its diagnostic accuracy.

Methods

A retrospective study was conducted of 28 patients who underwent BIPSS combined with corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) stimulation. The procedure is performed in an interventional neuroradiology suite, involving a multidisciplinary team of neuroradiologists, endocrinologists and laboratory professionals. The two petrosal sinuses are catheterized and a peripheral blood sample is obtained simultaneously, at baseline and at 3, 6 and 10 min following stimulation. ACTH and prolactin are determined by immunochemiluminescence.

Results

A total of 19 cases of Cushing’s disease (CD) and 1 case of ectopic CS were confirmed. In all cases, BIPSS provided accurate diagnostic guidance, with a sensitivity and specificity of 100%. In 8 patients, remission was not achieved after surgery. In 84% of catheterizations, ACTH ratio peaked at 3–6 min following stimulation. Patients with histologically-confirmed CD exhibited higher sinus ACTH ratios and values. Prolactin ratio helped us identify and exclude 28.6% of the samples with inconsistent results.

Conclusions

In our series, BIPSS combined with CRH stimulation demonstrated to be a safe, effective procedure. Prolactin emerges as a useful marker of correct catheterization. The participation of a multidisciplinary team is essential.
Oxidation–reduction reactions and hydrogenation of steels of different structures in chloride-acetate solutions in the presence of iron sulfides
Authors: Khoma Мyroslav , Halaichak Svitlana , Ivashkiv Vasyl , Chuchman Мarian , Datsko Bogdan
Published: October 2022

The influence of iron sulfide on the rate of cathodic and anodic processes of steels with ferrite, perlite and ferrite perlite structure was shown. It was established that the hydrogenation and corrosion rate of steels with different structures depends not only its structure, but also the nature of sulfide-containing products of corrosion. The well-known scheme of the influence of hydrogen sulfide on the processes of corrosion and hydrogenation of steel was supplemented by reactions of formation iron sulfides. They can affect the rate of recombination of hydrogen atoms and, respectively, its molation and absorption by metals.
Quantification of motion characteristics of vertically ascending bubbles in NaCl solution via image processing
Authors: Deng Yong’an , Li Biao , Li Zexi , Xu Jianxin , Wang Hua
Published: October 2022

In this study, the motion characteristics of bubbles in a vertical rectangular glass groove were investigated using image-processing techniques. A new metric (bubble offset) to evaluate the level of solution disturbance was proposed. The motion characteristics, such as the trajectory, bubble diameter, rise velocity, and coalescence, during the bubble rise were studied using different NaCl concentrations and airflow rates. The functional relationship of the bubble diameter and velocity with height was obtained by least-squares fitting (correlation coefficient R2 ≥ 95%), and fits the power-law distribution. The results showed that the bubble motion characteristics were positively correlated with the airflow rate and negatively correlated with the NaCl concentration in the solution. The solution disturbance was closely related to the bubble offset, and the size of the bubble offset can be used to characterize the degree of the solution disturbance. The disturbance of the solution affects the bubble trajectory, rising velocity and coalescence. The bubble offset changed periodically with height, and its functional relationship was obtained. The accuracy of the functional relationship was verified using experimental data. The study of bubble motion characteristics is crucial for understanding phenomena such as heat and mass transfer and multiphase cooling.
Theoretical and numerical analysis of a prey–predator model (3-species) in the frame of generalized Mittag-Leffler law
Authors: Almalahi Mohammed A. , Abdo Mohammed S. , Abdeljawad Thabet , Bonyah Ebenezer
Published: October 2022

In the present paper, a new fractional order predator–prey model is considered. The applied fractional operator is a generalized Atangana–Baleanu–Caputo (ABC) derivative, which does not require any restrictions on the initial conditions as in the case of classical ABC fractional derivatives. On the theoretical aspect, we prove the existence, uniqueness, and Ulam–Hyers stability results by using some fixed point theorems and nonlinear analysis techniques. The numerical aspect discusses the approximation solutions for the proposed model by applying the generalized scheme of the Adams–Bashforth technique. At the end, we explain the behavior of the solution to the studied model through graphical representations and numerical simulations.
How Russian speakers express evolution in Pokémon names: an experimental study with nonce words
Authors: Kumagai Gakuji , Kawahara Shigeto
Published: October 2022

Sound symbolism, systematic and iconic relationships between sounds and meanings, is now a topic that is very actively explored by linguists, psychologists and cognitive scientists. As a new research strategy to study the nature of sound symbolic connections across different languages, a number of scholars have started using Pokémon names, a research paradigm that is now dubbed “Pokémonastics.” The previous Pokémonastics studies have experimentally explored how the evolution status is symbolically expressed by native speakers of English, Japanese and Brazilian Portuguese. Building on these studies, the current experiment examined the sound symbolic knowledge of Russian speakers, and found that they are more likely to associate large, post-evolution Pokémon characters with names containing voiced obstruents than with names containing voiceless obstruents, and that they are also more likely to associate post-evolution characters with names containing [a] than with names containing [i]. The experiment also revealed that Russian speakers are less likely to associate post-evolution characters with names having labial consonants than with names having coronal or dorsal consonants. Overall, the current results show that Russian speakers generally have knowledge of sound symbolic associations that is similar to that of English, Japanese and Brazilian Portuguese speakers, suggesting that some sound symbolic patterns hold robustly across multiple languages.
The electrostatic wave modes and formation of dust voids in an externally magnetized cylindrical dusty plasma
Authors: Dasgupta Chitrita , Maitra Sarit
Published: October 2022

A system of dusty plasma, containing negatively charged dust particles, Boltzmann distributed electrons and ions, is considered in a cylindrical set up and electrostatic wave modes have been studied in the presence of an external magnetic field. The dust particles are of two different sizes such that small grains are present in significant amount. Using Fourier transformation along temporal and azimuthal directions, linear dispersion relation is derived, which indicates the existence of two distinct wave modes for the stable case. Among the breathing and rotation modes, density profiles have been observed numerically for the rotation mode corresponding to the stable case. The density fluctuation of small grains is noticed to be more prominent than that of the big grains. In the presence of external magnetic field, large grains contribute very negligible magnitude of dust number density in those regions, where voids are generated by the small grains only. The effect of mode number on the dust density fluctuation as well as on the structure of density profile is observed. The magnetic field effect on dust void formation is also studied.
Associations of a Multilevel School Health Program and Health Outcomes Among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Youth
Authors: Suarez Nicolas A. , Cooper Adina C. , Kaczkowski Wojciech , Li Jingjing , Robin Leah , Sims Valerie M.
Published: October 2022

Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) adolescents are often at higher risk than their heterosexual peers for adverse sexual health, violence, mental health, and substance use outcomes. Schools are a vital resource for enhancing protective behaviors and reducing risk behaviors. Sixteen school districts selected schools to implement a sexual health program (exposed) or usual programming (unexposed). We analyzed LGB student health outcomes using 2015 and 2017 Youth Risk Behavior Surveys. Analyses compared LGB student health outcomes by exposure status across time points using a multilevel approach. Program exposure was associated with decreased odds of ever having sex, ever testing for HIV, and using effective hormonal birth control, and an increased odds of condom use. There were no significant findings among secondary violence, mental health, and substance use outcomes. This evaluation highlights the potential for schools to reduce sexual risk behaviors among LGB youth, and opportunities to improve access to health services.
The Case for Ecosocialism in the Face of the Worsening Climate Crisis
Authors: Bond Patrick
Published: October 2022

A fierce intellectual battle continues over the ideological character of green politics. The overall conflict that emerged in past decades between environmental justice advocates on the one hand, and on the other, a coalition of states, corporations and their academic, NGO and media allies will now revive in earnest, given the Biden Administration's January 2021 pledge to take climate change seriously. After the Trump regime's climate denialism, a longstanding challenge to environmental justice now returns in the form of supposedly-pragmatic “ecological modernization” strategies, i.e., regulatory, technicist, market-based, or some combination. These characterized the pre-Trump era but had no discernable impact on emissions. In contrast, David Harvey has long advocated “radicalization of the theses of ecological modernization.” The temptation to avoid in this process is deradicalization through cooptation. But even as technical questions reemerge, the radicalization Harvey calls for becomes ever more relevant.
Implementation of a flipped classroom SLA model in the conditions of a language school
Authors:   Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej, Poland, Chudak Tomasz
Published: October 2022

This article attempts to present a flipped classroom (FC) model from a glottodidactic point of view in the context of a language school educational situation. The introduction to the article briefly explains the socio-economic context, the variable and dynamic nature that initiates and catalyses changes in both a formal and non-formal education system, and language schools belonging to the latter type. The first part of the article presents the FC phenomenon, its definition, features, as well as areas that directly influenced its evolution: constructivism and computer assisted language learning (CALL). Furthermore, it discusses the crucial consequence of the implementation of the FC model, i.e. changing the tasks of both the student and the teacher. The second part describes the implementation of a glottodidactic model developed by the educational and IT team in a particular language school, where it ultimatalely became the primary way of learning and teaching Spanish. It contains the following elements: presentation of the structure of glottodidactic materials available on an e-learning platform before meeting with a teacher, and the organisation of stationary lessons in relation to the traditional model commonly used in language schools. A proposal of the methodology of research on the described phenomenon is also presented. As a conclusion, it points out the positive effects of introducing the FC model into a language school, both from a didactic and economic perspective.
Different approaches to studying inter-organisational trust relations in Polish and English literature
Authors:   Akademia Leona Koźmińskiego, Poland, Staszek vel Staszewski Rafał
Published: October 2022

In recent years both in Polish and international literature, the number of studies devoted to trust in inter-organisational relations has grown at a steady pace. The authors of these studies tend to apply two methodological approaches: variance theory and process theory. The aim of this article is to compare Polish and English language academic literature with regard to the methodological approaches. The article is based on a systematic literature review of inter-organisational trust, with literature collected based on keywords and snowball methodology. The election was based on abstract analysis and the text of selected articles. The methodologies of the selected articles were presented and compared. From the initial pool of 726 positions, 32 articles in Polish and 30 in English were analysed and compared, with the data presented in a comparison table. The findings indicate a research gap in Polish-language literature in the form of an insufficient amount of research on trust at inter-organisational level using a process-based approach. Applying this approach would potentially deepen the understanding of organisations' relationships with each other, especially in the context of Poland.
Outsourcing in recruitment: the employers' perspective
Authors:   Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie, Poland, Walas-Trębacz Jolanta
Published: October 2022

The aim of the article is to show the scope and importance of outsourcing in increasing the effectiveness of recruitment in organisations that implement it. The theoretical part of the article explains the concept and how recruitment outsourcing fits in with other HR functions, as well as the reasons for the interest in its implementation and the possible results. The empirical part, however, presents the results of own research conducted among 85 employers via a questionnaire using the CAWI technique. The aim of the research was to identify the scope of outsourcing in recruitment and assess the level of its effectiveness. The presented results show a significant improvement in the effectiveness of recruitment thanks to outsourcing, among others in terms of quality, costs, speed of process implementation and a high level of employer satisfaction.
Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on nutrients and heavy metals uptake by Pennisetum purpureum cv Mott in phytoremediation of gold mine tailings
Authors: Putra Bela , Warly Lili , Evitayani Evitayani , Utama Bopalion Pedi
Published: October 2022

Mercury composite and cyanidation are gold mining methods that are frequently used. The mercury composite method produces tailings containing heavy metals that can harm living organisms. Utilisation of tailings for the development of forage may be enhanced through arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation to increase plant resistance, absorption of macro and micronutrients, and reduce levels of metal contaminants in the tailings. This study aimed to investigate the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on nutrients and heavy metals uptake by Pennisetum purpureum cv Mott in phytoremediation of gold mine tailings. Treatments consisted of four levels of AMF inoculation (0, 5, 10 and 15 g pot-1) were arranged in a completely randomised design with five replications. Each pot contained 3 kg of tailings. The results showed that the best crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, Ca, and P contents in the plant shoots was obtained by providing AMF inoculation of 15 g pot-1. However, the treatment had no significant effect on dry weight, dry matter, and nitrogen-free extract. AMF significantly increased the uptake of heavy metals by the plant roots. The treatments did not significantly affect Pb uptake by plant roots and shoots and Hg uptake by plant shoots. AMF treatments significantly reduced the translocation factor (TF) value for Hg, bioconcentration factor (BCF) values for Cd and Pb, and removal efficiency (RE) values for Cd and Pb. AMF could effectively increase nutrient absorption in the plant shoots, reduce Cd, Hg, and Pb translocation in plant shoots, and reduce Cd, Hg, and Pb in the tailings.
Improvement of post-nickel mining soil fertility with biochar and calcite
Authors: Jayadi Muhammad , Wahid Kadar , Neswati Risma , Andriansyah Andri
Published: October 2022

Reclamation of post-nickel mining soil requires a long process and renewable innovations to improve soil properties. One of the alternative technologies for post-mining soil reclamation is utilizing oil palm empty fruit bunches (OEFB) as biochar and applying calcite (CaCO3). The objective of this research was to determine the effect of OEFB and the application of CaCO3 on the properties of post- nickel mining soil and the growth of Mucuna sp. This research was a pot experiment using a factorial randomized block design method. Treatments tested were combinations of three OEFB biochar (B) levels, i.e., B1 = 2.5%, B2 = 5%, and B3 = 7.5% of soil weight, and three calcite (K) dosages, i.e., K1 = 1.5, K2 = 3, K3 = 4.5 t ha-1. The soil parameters measured included soil pH, available P, organic C, cation exchange capacity, and exchangeable Al, Ca, Mg, K, and Na. The parameters of Mucuna sp. measured were plant height and plant dry weight. The results showed that applying biochar and calcite to post nickel mining soil significantly increased soil pH, available P, organic C, cation exchange capacity, growth of Mucuna sp. and decreased exchangeable Al content. Treatment of biochar 7.5% by weight of soil and 4.5 t calcite ha-1 gave the best effect on improving soil fertility and growth of Mucuna sp. compared to other treatments.
Screening and identification of fungi isolated from batik wastewaters for decolorization of Remazol Black B dye and batik effluent
Authors: Ayu Yasinta Swastika , Kasiamdari Rina Sri
Published: October 2022

Azo dyes are the most commonly used dyes in the textile industry and is classified as reactive dyes, including remazol dyes. Remazol dye creates additional reactions with fibrous substrates to produce ester bonds that give the fabric a bright colour. Remazol Black B (RBB) is a reactive dye from the Azo group. Remazol, also called a reactive vinyl sulfone dye which is widely used in the batik industry with black B, is its kind of colour. One of the biological treatments uses bioremediation techniques using fungi as a bioremediation agent. Therefore, this study aimed to screen and identify potential fungi that could degrade RBB using tannic acid as a qualitative screening and quantitative screening using a liquid medium containing various concentrations of RBB dye (250 ppm, 500 ppm, 1000 ppm, 1500 ppm). The results showed among ninety-eight fungal isolates, and six isolates were positive for laccase assay using tannic acid. Two of the six fungal isolates were identified as Aspergillus sp.1 (74BRT) and Aspergillus sp.2 (105PDL), which were selected for further study based on their high efficiency in decolourising RBB dye (96.89% and 91.21%). BLAST analysis of sequence data showed the identity of isolate 74BRT as Aspergillus tamarii, and isolate 105PDL as Aspergillus sclerotiorum. The efficiency of A. tamarii and A. sclerotiorum  to decolourise the batik effluent was up to 37.47% and 42.09%, respectively. The laccase assay of these two isolates showed that A. tamarii had the highest enzyme activity at 120 h, reaching 12.23 IU mL-1, while A. sclerotiorum reached 9.34 IU mL-1.
Characteristics and factors affecting surface and shallow landslides in West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Fata Yulia Amirul , Hendrayanto Hendrayanto , Kuncahyo Budi , Erizal Erizal , Tarigan Suria Darma
Published: October 2022

Bogor, Cianjur, and Sukabumi areas of West Java Province, Indonesia, are vulnerable landslide areas. This study analyzes the landslide characteristic and the factors affecting landslides. The analysis was carried out on 148 landslides from 415 of 2018-2020 landslides, which were selected purposively by considering the heterogeneity of soil, geology, slope classes, land use type, and accessibility of landslide locations. Landslide characteristics and factors affecting landslides were analyzed using frequency analysis and binary logistic regression. The results showed that the most dominant characteristics of surface and shallow landslides were the landslides characterized by slopes >45%, Quaternary geological period, Andisol soil type, agriculture land use type, the occurrence of rain, and absence of earthquake. The dominant factors affecting surface and shallow landslides are human activities in land use, soil properties, steep-very steep slopes, Inceptisol and Entisol soil orders, young rocks (Quaternary geological period), rainfall events, and high earthquake magnitude.
The impact of soil and rock mining on freshwater provisioning services in Peniraman Village, Mempawah Regency, West Kalimantan
Authors: Rangga Boy , Akbar Aji Ali , Herawati Henny
Published: October 2022

Various human activities can affect ecosystem services, including mining activities. Since 1960, Peniraman Village has been known for its soil and rock mining. Mining increases the risk of environmental degradation by increasing the demand for freshwater provisioning services. This study aims to assess the impact of damage from mining in Peniraman Village on groundwater potential and the environment's carrying capacity based on ecosystem service. Ecosystem services are analyzed using two determinants: land cover and landscape, with a spatial method. This study resulted in a large forest change between 1972 and 2020, which was estimated to lose 16.5 hectares of forest each year, whereas Peniraman Village will lose its forest in 26 years. There was also a land conversion in primary swamp forests into open land for various community activities from 1972-2020, mostly agriculture, settlement, and plantation. On the other hand, the mining area will be exhausted in 30-40 years given the current mining rate. These actions shifted the class of groundwater provisioning services from very high to very low. The water potential was calculated based on the ecosystem services that have intermediate and low-level class potential in Peniraman Village of 1,077.98 hectares, or 48.15% of the total area. Although 48.6 percent of the Peniraman Village area is still within the safe level for water availability based on supply and demand, the government and community should pay close attention to this issue to avoid further harm.