bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sustainable design of dynamic elbow orthoses for adult rehabilitation treatment
Authors: Castillo-Aguirre Alfredo Humberto , Báez-Guzmán Ricardo , Cruz-Gómez Marco Antonio , López-Aguilar Genaro Roberto
Published: January 2025

The elbow joint is prone to degenerative diseases, injuries from work,
sports, or accidents. Rehabilitation often requires surgery and mechanical
rehabilitation by health professionals. This research aimed to design a
dynamic elbow orthosis using the finite element method for sustainable
adult rehabilitation. Elbow orthoses can reduce treatment time
effectively, but their high cost and importation limit accessibility. The
study involved a mixed analysis of orthosis design and optimization,
considering variables like anthropometric measurements, mobility
ranges, biomechanical parameters, and mechanical design. Technical
data from human anatomy were used to create biomechanical models,
optimizing the orthosis design for sustainable systems. Future work will
focus on further rehabilitation optimization by health professionals.
Navigating Educational Disruptions
Authors: Mutungi Emmanuel , Bua Bosco , Kwesiga Philip
Published: January 2025

This research article investigates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on secondary schools in Uganda, focusing on the strategies adopted to cope with disruptions in educational processes. It utilises a mixed-methods approach, gathering data from 16 schools in Uganda's Western, Northern, and Eastern regions, and focusing on vocational subjects. Its findings reveal that schools observed Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), including social distancing, mask-wearing, and handwashing, despite resource constraints and spatial limitations. Remote learning for candidate classes reduced exposure but highlighted rural disparities due to inadequate internet infrastructure. Despite significant challenges, school administrators exhibited resilience by implementing innovative measures, including staggered attendance and restricted student movement to minimize contact. However, vocational education encountered notable setbacks, such as inadequate practical facilities, especially within private institutions. It highlights the critical need for enhanced government support, particularly for vocational teachers, to sustain education post-pandemic. While Uganda's education sector has shown resilience during the pandemic, sustained investment in infrastructure, teacher support, and vocational education is vital for long-term stability and growth .
Financial Causality Detection
Authors: Ashrita Manchikanti , Balagondar Poornima C , gurnavar rudrappa Vinusha , Abhishek K S Abhishek K S
Published: January 2025

This paper presents a Financial
Causality Detection Software designed to identify
causal effects in financial disclosures. Leveraging a
hybrid approach of extractive and generative
Question-answering (QA) models, the software
processes financial documents to reveal causal
relationships between variables and events. The
system provides users with concise, context-based
causal insights by utilizing state-of-the-art Natural
Language Processing (NLP) techniques and
Generative AI. The software supports multiple
languages, focusing on English and Spanish
datasets, making it a versatile tool for multilingual
financial analysis. This paper explores the
architecture, benefits, challenges, and implications
of adopting such a system for financial
professionals and regulatory bodies.
Zeolite Based Heavy Metal Removal and Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate Disinfection: A UV Spectrophotometric Analysis of Zeolite Sachet
Authors: R.Kanmani R.Kanmani , K.L.Senthilkumar K.L.Senthilkumar , P.D. Gokulan P.D. Gokulan , V. Sowmiya V. Sowmiya , R. B. Vaishnavi R. B. Vaishnavi , R. Vishnu R. Vishnu
Published: January 2025

AIM:To investigate the efficacy of zeolite-based
copper removal and sodium dichloroisocyanurate
(NaDCC) disinfectant in purifying contaminated
water, and to evaluate the suitability of UV
spectrophotometric analysis for monitoring the
removal of copper ions and the disinfection
process.
METHODS:Zeolite sachets, formulated with
sodium dichloroisocyanurate, offer a dual-action
solution for water purification, effectively
removing heavy metals like lead and copper
through ion exchange and adsorption, while also
providing disinfection capabilities. UV analysis
enables real-time monitoring of metal removal
efficiency.
CONCLUSION:The present study demonstrated
the efficacy of zeolite-based copper removal and
sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) disinfectant
in purifying contaminated water.
In Vitro Evaluation of Antidiabetic Potential of Methanolic Extract of Carica Papaya Stem
Authors: Sivadas Mrs. Bhavya , Alert Joseph Chacko Alert Joseph Chacko , Arjun P Arjun P , Asna Shirin N Asna Shirin N , Jwala George Jwala George , Rameesa Jabin Rameesa Jabin , Snigdha P Snigdha P
Published: January 2025

The study aimed to investigate the
anti-diabetic properties of Carica papaya flesh part
of stemand evaluating the quantitative determination
of saponin, and in-vitro anti-diabetic activityof the
extract. The methanolic extract was obtained using
the Soxhlet apparatus, was used for the Antidiabetic
study. Phytochemical screening was conducted to
access the qualitativechemical composition of the
crude extract to identify the major natural chemical
groups and secondarymetabolites present in the
plants. The study provides valuable insights into
thepotential anti-diabetic properties of Carica
papaya flesh part of stem and its potential as
anatural anti-diabetic agent.
Epidemiology of Glomerular Disease in Elderly Population
Authors: Vemuri Ratna Prabha
Published: January 2025

Introduction : Longer life expectancy is
associated with increasing prevalence of kidney
disease. Although glomerular diseases observed in
the elderly generally reflect those seen in the
general population, certain types of
glomerulonephritis may have different incidence,
clinical presentation and prognosis among the
elderly in comparison with younger adults. The
present study was undertaken to study the
epidemiology of glomerular disorders in elderly
population
Material and Methods: A total of 72 elderly
patients who fulfilled standard clinical criteria
(edema, Hematuria, proteinuria) for evidence of
glomerular disease were studied between March
2016 to November 2017. Among them 60 patients
with biopsy proven glomerular disorders were
included in the study.
Results: Of these 60 patients, 45 were in the age
group of 60 to 69 years and 12 between 70-79 years
and 3 above 80 years of age. 45 of 20 patients were
males and 15 were females. 12 (60%) presented
with nephrotic syndrome, 15 (25%) had nephritic
syndrome and 9 (15%) had rapidly progressive
glomerulonephritis. Among patients with nephrotic
syndrome, biopsy showed 15 cases of idiopathic
membranous nephropathy, 6 each cases of
Amyloidosis, (multiple myeloma related), FSGS
and Minimal Change Disease. 3 patients had
diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis. In
nephritic syndrome, 3 patients were diagnosed with
c1q nephropathy, 6 patients with diffuse
proliferative glomerulonephritis, three patients had
Ig A nephropathy, three patients had membrano
proliferative glomerulonephritis. In Rapidly
progressive glomerulonephritis 3 patients had Anti
GBM disease, and 6 patients had Pauci Immune
Crescentic GN. After follow up of the patients for 3
months, deaths were more common in RPGN group
(66.6%) and Nephrotic syndrome patients had more
stable renal function (58.3%). Out of total 12
people who underwent dialysis 9 were from RPGN
group.
Conclusions: Among glomerular diseases in
elderly, nephrotic syndrome constituted the major
presentation and majority had idiopathic
Membranous Nephropathy. In Nephritic syndrome
majority had diffuse proliferative
glomerulonephritis. In Rapidly progressive
glomerulonephritis majority had Pauci Immune
Crescentic glomerulonephritis. Deaths and patients
who underwent dialysis were more common in
Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis.
To study Herbal pergularia plant used in treatment of maleria
Authors: kotkar Miss.kavita , prof.joshi mayur prof.joshi mayur
Published: January 2025

The plant Pergularia daemia has
been traditionally used as anthelmintic, laxative,
antipyretic expectorant and Also used to treat
infantile diarrhea and malarial intermittent fevers.
It is widely distributed in the tropical and sub
tropical Regions of the world. Various
phytochemical including terpenoid, flavonoids,
sterols and cardenolids have been isolated and
Identified from the various parts of the plant
(leaves, stems, shoots, roots, seeds and fruits). P.
daemia widely used by various Tribal communities
in Western Ghats of India for the treatment of
variety of ailments, while predominantly the roots
of the Plant have been used to treat liver disease
and jaundice. The present review article aims
towards medicinal properties, Chemical
constituents and other important aspects of P.
daemia
Advancing Cervical Cancer Treatment: The Promise of Nanotechnology
Authors: Thenmozhi A Thenmozhi A , Abishek B Abishek B , P.BavaDhareni P.BavaDhareni , Venkateshan N Venkateshan N
Published: January 2025

Background: Nanotechnology has revolutionized
cancer treatment by enabling precise drug delivery
and enhancing therapeutic efficacy while
minimizing side effects. Nanoparticles (NPs) offer
the advantage of selectively targeting cancer cells,
overcoming many limitations of traditional
therapies like chemotherapy, radiation, and
surgery.
Objective: This review focuses on the role of
various nanoparticles in the treatment of cervical
cancer, emphasizing their impact on improving
drug delivery, tumor targeting, and the overall
effectiveness of current treatment strategies.
Methods: A review of the literature was conducted
on several types of nanoparticles used in cervical
cancer treatment, including carbon nanotubes
(CNTs), liposomes, gold nanoparticles (GNPs),
iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4), human albuminbased nanoparticles, and curcumin-loaded
nanoparticles. The review analyzes their drug
delivery mechanisms, therapeutic efficacy, and
advantages over conventional therapies.
Results: Functionalized CNTs provide efficient
drug delivery and imaging capabilities, allowing
precise targeting of cancer cells. Liposomes
enhance drug stability, solubility, and selective
delivery, improving therapeutic outcomes while
reducing systemic toxicity. Gold nanoparticles
(GNPs) facilitate photothermal therapy, utilizing
their optical and thermal properties to treat tumors.
Iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4) serve as drug
carriers and immune system activators, with
potential applications in cancer vaccines. Human
albumin-based nanoparticles, such as Abraxane,
reduce chemotherapy-related toxicity and are
already FDA-approved for clinical use. Curcuminloaded nanoparticles enhance the bioavailability
and stability of curcumin, demonstrating promising
preclinical results in treating cervical cancer.
Conclusion: Nanotechnology offers significant
improvements in cervical cancer treatment by
enabling targeted, effective therapies with fewer
side effects. While challenges remain,
nanomedicine holds great potential for improving
patient outcomes and quality of life
An Overall Review of Different Derivatives That Activate Glucokinase Enzyme Having Multiple Actions to Treat Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Kushwaha Mr. Abhay , Jain Dr. Shailesh , Kumar Mr. Ajay , Raj Mr. Ritesh , Singh Yaduwanshi Dr. Phool , Patidar Dr. Dhanraj
Published: January 2025

Different derivatives like3,6-disubstituted2-
pyridine carboxamide derivatives, Phenylethyl
benzamide derivatives, Carboxypyridine
benzamide derivatives, Pyrazole benzamide
derivatives, Quinazoline-2,4 dione analogs,
Ketopiperazine analogs, Cycloalkyl-fused Nthiazol-2-yl-benzamides derivatives, 1,4-
disubstituted indazoles derivatives, 2,5,6-
trisubstituted indole derivatives, Azaindole
derivatives andPyrimidone derivatives was
designed, synthesized and evaluated the
pharmacological activity in mice. Such
compounds activate the glucokinase by
interaction between glucokinase activators
and glucokinase receptors composed of
different amino acids ARG 63,TYR 214, TYR
215, TYR 61, VAL 62, SER 64, THR 65, PRO 66,
ILU 211, MET 210, ILU 159, ALA 456, VAL 455,
VAL 452, LEU 451, MET 210.
Integrating Artificial Intelligence into Drug Development and Manufacturing: Advancements and Challenges
Authors: Mayuri.R.Mandlik Mayuri.R.Mandlik , Pathan.N.Hakimkhan Pathan.N.Hakimkhan , Punam.B.Mahanor Punam.B.Mahanor
Published: January 2025

The integration of Artificial
Intelligence (AI) into drug development and
manufacturing is Revolutionizing the
pharmaceutical industry, offering advancements in
efficiency, precision, and Cost reduction. This
review article explores the importance of AI in
accelerating drug discovery, Enhancing precision
medicine, streamlining clinical trials,and
optimizing manufacturing Processes. By leveraging
machine learning, natural language processing, and
robotics, AI enables Accelerated target
identification, personalized treatment options, and
real-time monitoring of Manufacturing processes.
Despite its transformative potential, the integration
of AI faces Challenges related to data quality,
regulatory compliance, technical hurdles, and
workforce skills. However, collaborative efforts
between industry and academia, coupled with
continuous Improvement models, offer promising
opportunities for the future of AI in
pharmaceuticals. This Comprehensive overview
highlights the promise of AI to revolutionize drug
development andManufacturing, paving the way
for innovative treatments and improved healthcare
outcomes.
The Indian Food that helps to improve the sperm parameters
Authors: Purushothaman Dr. Borus , Dr. Lokesh. K Dr. Lokesh. K , Agwina Xavier Dr. Yashmi , M. Monisha M. Monisha , Mahalakshmi. P Mahalakshmi. P
Published: January 2025

Infertility is a growing concern worldwide, with
male factor infertility accounting for nearly 50% of
cases. Emerging research highlights the role of diet
in improving male reproductive health, particularly
sperm quality. Indian cuisine, known for its rich
diversity and the use of medicinal herbs and spices,
offers several dietary components that may enhance
sperm parameters, including count, motility,
morphology, and DNA integrity.
Key Indian foods beneficial for sperm health
include nuts, seeds, dairy products, and certain
fruits and vegetables rich in antioxidants, vitamins,
and minerals. Spices like turmeric, fenugreek, and
ashwagandha (Indian ginseng) have been
scientifically linked to improved testosterone
levels, reduced oxidative stress, and enhanced
sperm motility. Additionally, dietary staples such as
lentils, whole grains, and ghee (clarified butter)
contribute to a balanced nutrient profile that
supports overall reproductive health.
A Review on Active Ingredients used in Herbal Shampoo
Authors: Jadhav. Shreya G
Published: January 2025

The main motive of this present
study is to see what are Herbal Shampoo and the
active ingredients used in it. It also shows various
evaluation parameters studies of shampoo which is
important to check whether it meets its goals and
reaches its quality, safety, and efficacy of the
shampoo or not. Herbal Shampoo mainly consists
of natural ingredients. The main property of the
Herbal shampoo is it is non-toxic, non-irritant, no
harsh chemicals, etc. It keeps hair soft, smooth,
shiny, frizz free, and cleans the scalp without
drying the hairs.3
Random Forest Hyperparameter Tuning in Machine Learning for Improved Performance in Intrusion Detection Systems
Authors: Amaku Dr. Amaku , Dr. Igbinosa O. G Dr. Igbinosa O. G , Okorie Dr. Kingsley , Felix Amodu
Published: January 2025

In recent times, researchers have been proposing
different Intrusion Detection methods to deal with
the increasing number and complexity of threats as
technology keeps emerging. In this context,
Random Forest models have been providing a
notable performance on her predictive capacity to
applications in the realm of behavioural-based
Intrusion Detection Systems and other related
fields of specialization which includes medicines,
Banking, commerce, etc in terms high magnitude
forecasting and optimal predictions . In this work,
in-depth evaluation analysis of the Random Forest
tuning were carried out with respect to
classification, feature selection, and proximity
metrics. This empirical research will provide an
inclusive review of the general basic concepts
related to Intrusion Detection Systems, which
includes taxonomies, data collection, modeling and
evaluation metrics. Furthermore, the manual
hyperparameter tuning technique was used for this
research work and a desirable experimental output
was achieved as showed in this work.
A Hybrid Framework for Multi-Class Vehicle Detection and Tracking: Integration of Gabor Filters, YOLOv5, and Deep SORT Algorithm.
Authors: Jamiu Benya Adeyanju , Oladele Aro Taye , Issa Olawale Mustapha , Mina Asaduzzaman Mina Asaduzzaman , Ahsanul Bari Ahsanul Bari , Sayed Mahfuz Hasan Md. Abu
Published: January 2025

The increasing demand for intelligent traffic
monitoring systems has necessitated advancements
in vehicle detection and tracking technologies. This
study proposes a hybrid framework integrating
Gabor filters, YOLOv5, and the Deep SORT
algorithm for efficient multi-class vehicle detection
and tracking. The framework aims to address
challenges such as occlusion, feature extraction,
and accurate tracking of cars, buses, and trucks in
dynamic traffic environments.
The Gabor filter is employed for feature extraction,
capturing texture-based characteristics crucial for
distinguishing vehicle types. YOLOv5, a state-ofthe-art deep learning model, is utilized for its high
accuracy and speed in object detection. The Deep
SORT algorithm enhances the framework by
providing robust tracking capabilities, including reidentification and handling multiple overlapping
objects. Together, these components form a
synergistic system capable of real-time
performance in diverse scenarios.
The proposed system was evaluated using a dataset
comprising annotated vehicle images from urban,
suburban, and highway environments.
Experimental results demonstrated an average
precision of 92.8%, recall of 89.5%, and tracking
accuracy of 87.2%, significantly outperforming
existing methods. Additionally, the system
maintained real-time processing at an average of 38
frames per second, showcasing its applicability for
smart traffic management, surveillance, and
autonomous vehicle navigation.
This hybrid approach offers a novel contribution to
intelligent transportation systems by improving
detection accuracy and tracking efficiency while
mitigating common challenges in vehicle
monitoring. Future work will explore the
integration of advanced sensor fusion techniques to
further enhance the system’s robustness under
varying environmental conditions
Partial Replacement of Cement with Bamboo Leaf Ash as a Sustainable Approach in Concrete Production
Authors: Ogunjiofor Emmanuel Ifenayi , Obinna Okpala Emmanuel
Published: January 2025

This study showcases the binding ability of
bamboo leaf ash as a partial substitute for ordinary
Portland cement in concrete production. This is to
improve the sustainability approach to the impact
of the construction industry on global warming.
Bamboo leaf ash was used because of the presence
of pozzolanic properties and it possesses a very
eco-friendly and can be used as an alternative to
conventional cement. Conventional cement has
been discovered to possess significant amounts of
carbon emissions. The partial replacement of
Bamboo leaf ash used in the concrete production
for this study was within the content of 0%, 2.5%,
and 5%. The workability, compressive strength,
and durability of the concrete were determined over
a standard curing period of 7, 14, 21, and 28 days.
The result shows that as the content of bamboo leaf
ash increases in concrete production, the
compressive strength decreases. The study supports
bamboo leaf ash as a partial substitute which is
sustainable in the construction industry minimizing
environmental impact and reducing carbon
emissions. This study highlights the binding
potential of bamboo leaf ash as a partial substitute
for ordinary Portland cement in concrete
production, aiming to enhance the sustainability of
the construction industry's impact on global
warming.
Nigerian Curriculum in the Nigerian Context: Assessing the Relevance to a Sustainable National Development
Authors: Mustapha Mustapha , Omonike Karimat
Published: January 2025

Curriculum has been crafted and reviewed several
times over the years by the joint efforts of
education planners, schools and the government to
reflect the goals of total education and improved
education for Nigerians. Despite these efforts, the
products of this system keep depreciating in quality
by the day, reflectingthe dire need to take into
cognisance the significance of context which
cannot be separated from the educational system.
This points to the socio-political and economic
landscape being factored in ensuring efficiency of
education in driving national development, one of
its ultimate goals. The study, with a focus on
primary and secondary education seeks to assess
the relevance of Nigerian curriculum in the
Nigerian context replete with poverty, unqualified
teachers, poor methodology, inadequate facilities
and distracted youths. The research through a
questionnaire sought theviews of 98 students on
their experiences in the three levels of education
and examined the performances of some students in
English as a general course (GNS 101)in three
departments in Federal Polytechnic, Offa. The
result revealed that the learners’ potential are not
adequately developed in primary and basic schools
where they spend their formative years in the
Universal basic education system (9-3-4). The
study concluded that with the efforts of welltrained teachers, the curriculum can be adjusted to
suit different contexts and learners’ needs to make
it more relevant and contribute to sustainable
national development in Nigeria
Exploring Machine Learning Methods for Stock Market Prediction: A Review
Authors: D.A.Kapgate D.A.Kapgate , Chaturvedi Dr.Soni
Published: January 2025

Stock market prediction has long
been a challenging and highly dynamic field due to
the inherent volatility and complexity of financial
markets. Traditional methods, such as auto
regressive models and moving averages, have
limitations in capturing the non-linear, everchanging behavior of stock prices. Machine
learning (ML) has emerged as a powerful tool,
offering the ability to analyze large volumes of data
and uncover hidden patterns. This paper presents a
comprehensive review of various machine learning
techniques, including Artificial Neural Networks
(ANNs), Support Vector Machines (SVMs), and
hybrid models, focusing on their application in
stock market prediction. We examine the strengths,
weaknesses, and challenges of these techniques and
suggest directions for future research. The paper
concludes by discussing potential avenues for
improving predictive accuracy, particularly through
the integration of advanced deep learning models,
real-time data processing, and sentiment analysis.
A Study on Employee Awareness of HR Policies in IT Companies
Authors: Ms. Sushmitha S K Ms. Sushmitha S K
Published: January 2025

This study examines employee awareness of HR
policies in IT companies, focusing on aspects such
as familiarity, effectiveness, barriers, and
communication channels. As the IT sector grows
and evolves, Human Resource (HR) management
plays a critical role in the success of organizations.
Employing a descriptive research design, the study
surveyed 100 employees to examine factors
influencing their familiarity with HR policies.
These factors include the need for clarification,
preferred communication channels, and the
involvement of representatives in ensuring effective
policy dissemination. The findings reveal that lack
of time is a major barrier to employees’ awareness
of HR policies. Furthermore, a significant
relationship was found between employees' work
experience and their familiarity with HR policies.
However, the effectiveness of HR communication
was not influenced by educational background.The
study also identifieda significant relationship
between age and responsibility for compliance with
HR policies as well as between communication
rating and likelihood of seeking clarification. The
study concludes that more transparent and detailed
communication of policies, alongside increased
employee involvement in policy-making, could
significantly improve the overall effectiveness of
HR policies.
Analysis of Physicochemical Parameters to Evaluate the Drinking Water Quality in Kauru Local Government Area of Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors: Yohanna Galadima , Abdul Umar
Published: January 2025

This research evaluates the physicochemical
parameters of hand-dug well water in Kauru Local
Government Area (LGA), Kaduna State, Nigeria,
to assess its compliance with World Health
Organization (WHO) standards for potable water.
Eleven wards were sampled and analyzed for pH,
electrical conductivity (EC), turbidity, total
hardness, total dissolved solids (TDS), and major
ions such as chloride (Cl⁻ ), nitrate (NO₃ ⁻ ),
phosphate (PO₄ ³⁻ ),and sulfate (SO₄ ²⁻ ). Results
revealed significant variations in water quality,
with parameters like turbidity and EC exceeding
WHO limits in several wards. These findings
highlight potential risks to public health and the
need for urgent water quality management
strategies. It is therefore recommended that
community-based water quality monitoring
programs and effective water treatment systems be
implemented to ensure safe drinking water for the
population of Kauru LGA.
Overview of Micro-Machining and MicroElectromechanical Systems (MEMS)
Authors: Sheriff B. Lamidi Sheriff B. Lamidi , Yakub O. Bankole Yakub O. Bankole , Idris O. Olayiwola Idris O. Olayiwola , Rafiu K. Olalere Rafiu K. Olalere , Lukman A. Animashaun Lukman A. Animashaun , Nkechi A. Kingsley Nkechi A. Kingsley , Kolade Q. Giwa Kolade Q. Giwa
Published: January 2025

The quest for technological advancement for parts
and systems with lightweight, low energy
consumption, greater mobility, as well as higher
efficiency and reliability, has birthed an era of
miniaturized (micro-size) components and
microsystems. These systems have found
applications in inkjet printers, computer disk
drives, accelerometers, projection display chips,
blood pressure sensors, optical switches, microvalves, and biosensors, among others. Micromachining is a process that uses specialized tools
and techniques to create small parts and
components with precise dimensions and
tolerances. It is a fabrication technology to produce
components that make up micro-electro-mechanical
systems (MEMS) with sizes in the range of
micrometers to millimeters. The ability to fabricate
and manipulate microscale structures and devices
has the potential to revolutionize many aspects of
technology and industry. In this review paper, an
overview of the history of MEMS is provided,
including classifications of MEMS, principles, and
applications of micro-machining and MEMS. This
review paper also provided insights into MEMS
fabrication methods, the challenges, and the future
prospects of these technologies.
Recognition of Handwritten Numbers Using Machine Learning Algorithm
Authors: Thuy NganNgo Thuy NganNgo , Quynh Van Nong Quynh Van Nong , MinhDuc Ngo MinhDuc Ngo
Published: January 2025

In this article, we present the
skewed random forest (rODT) machine learning
algorithm for handwritten digital character
recognition. We propose to use global features
(GIST) to represent digital character images in
high-dimensional space. Next, we propose a multiclass random skew forest automatic learning
algorithm, each member tree uses a hyperplane that
effectively divides data at each node of the tree
based on linear discriminant analysis (LDA).
Building a random skew tree thus enables the
algorithm to work well on high-dimensional data
generated from the preprocessing step.
Experimental results on the real MNIST data set
show that our proposed rODT algorithm recognizes
very accurately when compared with current
identification methods
An Overview of Techniques for Concept Extraction and Spaced Repetition in Learning Applications: A Survey for the Development of ”Retain”
Authors: Reo George Reo George , Rohan Mano Rohan Mano , Sourav UP Sourav UP , Gokul Krishna B Gokul Krishna B , Ameena A Ameena A
Published: January 2025

—The development of educational
technologies that enhance learning through
automated systems has seen significant growth in
recent years. This paper surveys key techniques in
concept extraction, spaced repetition, image
processing, and automatic text summarization for
the creation of a web application named ”Retain.”
Retain takes study materials in various formats
(PDFs, images) and automatically generates
flashcards based on key concepts. The application
leverages techniques such as Optical Character
Recognition (OCR), spaced repetition algorithms,
intelligent content summarization, and multilingual
processing to enhance learning efficiency. This
survey reviews foundational papers in these areas,
offering insights into how these technologies can
be integrated to optimize learning outcomes.
Entrepreneurship and Architecture
Authors: Masouleh Ahmad Rahmanzad , Farzpourmachiani Mehdi , Fojlaley Mehrdad , Rajacic Snjezana Baroness
Published: January 2025

Entrepreneurship in the field of architecture,
beyond the design and construction of buildings,
means creating new and innovative values in the
construction industry and the built
environment.This article aims to examine the close
relationship between entrepreneurship and
architecture, analyzing key concepts, challenges,
and opportunities in this field.First, the concepts of
entrepreneurship and architecture are defined and
explained separately and in relation to each
other.Then, by reviewing the existing literature,
different types of entrepreneurships in architecture
are identified, including social, technological and
cultural entrepreneurship.In the following, the
challenges in the entrepreneurship path in
architecture, such as investment limitations, intense
competition, and rapid technological changes, are
examined.Finally, the opportunities in this field are
presented, including the use of new technologies,
attention to the needs of society and the
environment, and the creation of innovative
businesses.By providing a comprehensive
conceptual framework, this article can serve as a
guide for researchers, architects, and entrepreneurs
interested in this field.
Characterization of Nano-Particles of the Barks of Vitelleria Paradoxa, Ficus Thonnigil and Hyptis Suaveolens Extract as Green Corrosion Inhibitor on Mild Steel
Authors: Terfa Gundu D. , Bem Nyior G , Kumaden Ikpambese K. , Yaji P. Maseshin Yaji P. Maseshin
Published: January 2025

In this research, nano-particles of the Barks of
Vitelleria Paradoxa, Ficus Thonnigil and Hyptis
Suaveolens Extract have been characterized to
determine their suitability as green corrosion
inhibitors for mild steel.Characterizations of the
plant materials was done by qualitative and
quantitative analyses, Fourier transforms infrared
(FT‑ IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron
microscopy attached with energy dispersive x-ray
(SEM/EDX). The experimental results showed that,
the phytochemical analysis revealed that,these
materials have active biocomponents; glycosides,
saponins, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids
and phenols that could be responsible for corrosion
inhibition of mild steel. The FTIR showed that, the
plant materials containfunctional groups with C-H
stretch, O-H stretch, C=C stretch, S = O stretch, CO stretch, CC triple bond and C–H bend at
various frequencies which shows the presence of
aromatic groups that could be responsible for the
inhibitive properties of these materials while the
SEM/EDX showedhigh amount of oxygen 64.6
Wt% in the nano particles of Vitelleria paradoxa
and 73.1 Wt% in the nano particles of Ficus
Thoningii. The results of the study show that
Hyptis Suaveolensis (HSLP) extract blended with
nanoparticles from the back of Ficus thoningii and
Vitelleria Paradoxa have the potential to be utilized
as green corrosion inhibitors on mild steel and
could be an alternative source of green corrosion
inhibitors which could serve as an alternative to
synthetic inhibitors which are expensive, cancerous
and environmentally unfriendly.
Assessment of Quantum of Electricity Generation of Selected Plants from Middle Belt of Nigeria
Authors: Bok Yohanna Jamaa , Eship Yakubu Abel
Published: January 2025

The prevailing energy needs
globally is a major sign that can create energy crisis
in the future. The objectives of the research was to
find out the quantum of electric potentials that can
be generated from some selected tropical plants.
The use of living plants to obtain electrical energy
through living plant bio-energy fuel cells was
studied as a mechanism that can supply electrical
energy, especially in rural areas of the world. In
this study, the voltage produced by living plant bioenergy fuel cells was measured using a digital
multi-meter connected to different electrolytic
paired electrodes of copper, iron, aluminium, silver
and zinc inserted into stems of plants at a height of
50cm above ground level and at different distances
of 0.5m, 1m and 1.5m away from plant. The multimeter probes, Black probe connected electrodes on
plant stems (cathodes), and Red probe connected to
electrodes on the ground (anodes). The voltages
and currents measurements were carried out for 10
minutes at an interval of every 2 minutes. The
selected plants belonging to the species of; Mango,
Boabab, Gmelina, Cactus, Pawpaw, Palm tree,
African Fan Palm and Hospital too far. They were
selected for their availability, great fluid contents
and fibrous nature of root systems, all within the
tropical region of Nigeria. The higher voltages
measured were of Pawpaw, Gmelina, Mango and
African Fan Palm with voltages using silver-zinc
electrode pairs; 1.042V, 818mV, 756mV and
745mV respectively. From the findings, it was
discovered that plants can be good sources of
electrical energy at varying magnitudes as there
was significant differences among electrical
potentials generated by some selected tropical
plants. There was also significant difference among
electrical potentials generated by some selected
pairs of electrolytic electrodes. Therefore, it was
recommended amongst others that the use of living
plant bio-energy fuel cells have the potentiality of
generating electrical energy. Scientists should be
encourage to fully develop plant bio-energy fuel
systems that could generate bigger quantum of
electrical energy.
Comparative Study between AR-MEM Model and Decision Tree
Authors: Shaji Archa Aswini , Thomas Libya
Published: January 2025

Predictive modeling is
understanding complex sys- tems and decisionmaking informed by the parameter space of various
domains. The aim of this study is to compare two
predictive models, the Auto-Regressive Maximum
Entropy Model (ARMEM) and the Decision Tree
model, for predicting the performance of a specific
variable, Surface Ocean Direction, from a dataset.
The dataset, obtained through High-Frequency
Radar (HFR) measurements around Koko Head,
was taken as a case study to test these models.
ARMEM is a time-series model that merges the
autoregressive methods with the principle of
maximum entropy, thus being highly appropriate
for high-resolution spectral analysis and noisy or
incomplete data. On the other hand, the Decision
Tree model works through recursive partitioning of
data and thereby provides intuitive, interpretable
predictions through capturing the underlying linear
and nonlinear relationships.
Role and Application of Automation and Robotics in Spinning Section in Textile Industry
Authors: Eshetu Solomon Gobena , Guohe Li Guohe Li , Zhao Wenping Zhao Wenping
Published: January 2025

Modern technology transformation and the
introduction of automatic machinery have changed
the textile industries in numerous ways. There is
development of advanced equipment and systems
and they are being used in various manufacturing
processes by manufacturing industries. The arrival
of computer-controlled machinery has made it
possible to complete industrial tasks more quickly,
improving product quality and efficiency and
lowering energy and production costs. Numerous
aspects of the textile manufacturing process make
extensive use of automation. Robotic applications
are hugely used in yarn manufacturing technology
among different textile automation divisions. The
paper discusses various textile yarn spinning
techniques and how automation has revolutionized
these procedures. It provides comprehensive
information on automation and robotic applications,
from fiber opening in the blow room to yarn
packaging in the winding in the spinning section.
Pengaruh Sustainability Report, Leverage, Dan Profitabilitas Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Sektor Energy
Authors: Graninda Marcella Kesha
Published: January 2025

Situasi perekonomian telah menciptakan persaingan yang ketat antar perusahaan. Memaksimumkan nilai perusahaan dan meningkatkan laba perusahaan merupakan tujuan perusahaan yang saling berkaitan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan para stakeholder. Meningkatnya kesadaran global terhadap perubahan iklim serta kerusakan lingkungan mendorong perusahaan untuk mengadopsi praktik bisnis berkelanjutan untuk meningkatkan nilai perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Sustainability Report, Leverage, dan profitabilitas terhadap nilai perusahaan sektor energy yang terdaftar di BEI periode 2020-2023. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini dilakukan pada perusahaan sektor energy yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2020-2023. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling sehingga diperoleh sampel 6 perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis regresi liner berganda. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa variabel Sustainability Report, Leverage., dan profitabilitas tidak berpengaruh secara parsial terhadap nilai perusahaan. Variabel Sustainability Report, Leverage, dan profitabilitas berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap nilai perusahaan.
Dampak Pemboikotan Produk Pada Masa Konflik Israel-Palestina Terhadap Harga Saham Dan Volume Transaksi Pada Perusahaan Sektor Makanan Dan Minuman
Authors: Rajendra Moch Argandaro , Renny
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak pemboikotan produk pada masa konflik Israel-Palestina terhadap harga saham dan volume transaksi pada perusahaan sektor makanan dan minuman yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) tahun 2023. Aksi pemboikotan ini di Indonesia didorong oleh fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) No. 83/2023, yang mengimbau umat Muslim untuk menghindari konsumsi produk yang mendukung dan terafiliasi Israel. Data yang diguankan merupakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari historical data saham selama 31 hari sebelum dan 31 hari sesudah pengumuman fatwa MUI pada web Bursa Efek Indonesia. Objek penelitian adalah 10 perusahaan subsektor makanan dan minuman yang terdaftar BEI periode 2019-2023 yang diperoleh dengan teknik purposive sampling. Metode analisis yang digunakan meliputi analisis statistik deskriptif, uji normalitas, dan uji hipotesis Wilcoxon Signed Rank Tests yang diolah menggunakan SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan pada harga saham yang meningkat, sedangkan volume transaksi saham mengalami penurunan signifikan sebelum dan sesudah pengumuman fatwa.
Factors That Influence Interest In Giving Zakat : A Case Study At UPZ Gunadarma University
Authors: Nurdiansyah  , Hasbalah Fikri Zaeni , Aisyah Siti
Published: January 2025

The potential of zakat as one part of Islamic philanthropy is quite large, especially in educational institutions, it is interesting to conduct research on the influence of zakat in educational institutions. This study aims to analyze the influence of factors determining the interest of the academic community in giving zakat at UPZ Gunadarma University. This research uses quantitative method with purposive sampling method, the data used is primary data obtained through online questionnaire distribution. The analysis used in this study used multiple linear regression statistical models, t test and f test. The results showed that although the level of zakat literacy and awareness of respondents was quite good, but trust in zakat management institutions (UPZ Gunadarma) was the main factor that drove the decision to give zakat. The low level of trust of some muzakki towards UPZ is a challenge that needs to be overcome so that more academicians are interested in channeling their zakat through UPZ Gunadarma.
ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING THROUGH WRITING INFOGRAPHIC
Authors: Andayani Wuwuh , Chaeruman Uwes Anis , Lustyantie Ninuk
Published: January 2025

The abundance of information in text and visual formats poses challenges for learners in effectively understanding and utilizing it. This study investigated the role of infographic writing, facilitated by the Canva application, in enhancing English language learning at Institut Ilmu Sosial dan Manajemen STIAMI. Specifically, it examined how infographic creation supports the development of persuasive writing skills, drawing on Victor Schwab’s Writing Theory, which identifies five essential elements: grabbing attention, showing benefits, providing proof, convincing, and calling to action. Using a descriptive case study method, the research analyzed 82 student-created infographics from the English class in the Business Administration study program. The methodology included evaluating the infographics against Schwab’s criteria and assessing their alignment with the Semester Learning Plan (RPS) to determine whether learning outcomes matched the instructional objectives. The findings revealed that while infographic writing offers potential for enhancing visual and linguistic competencies, most infographics did not meet all five criteria of Schwab’s persuasive writing framework. Common deficiencies included weak attention-grabbing elements and insufficient proof or calls to action. Furthermore, the analysis showed misalignment between the expected learning outcomes in the RPS and the actual results, particularly in terms of text structure and linguistic precision. These gaps highlighted the need for clearer instructional guidelines and targeted teaching strategies to help students effectively integrate persuasive writing principles into infographic design. This study underscored the importance of aligning pedagogical tools like infographics with established learning goals to maximize their impact on English language acquisition.
THE NARRATIVE OF CHARACTER EDUCATION VALUES IN DATU DIYANG FOLKTALE
Authors: Ali Ahmad Jum'a Khatib Nur , Riady Yasir , Hidayat Arif
Published: January 2025

The internalization of good character education values is an inevitability in nation-building. Folktales are one of the mediums for teaching character education values. Therefore, this study aims to reveal the character education values and how these values are narrated in folktales. The object of this study is the folktale Kisah Datu Diyang from South Kalimantan. The method used is descriptive qualitative with documentation techniques as the data collection technique. The concept of character education values is based on Lickona's theory. The results show that the object of the study contains four values: caring for others, honesty, responsibility, and humility. The study also shows that the narration of values does not use monologue and is more dominated by the narrator followed by dialogue. The results also indicate that there are two parts of the narrative pattern, namely before and after Diyang becomes a midwife with the narrative pattern D1FHJIjMNQ.
The role of ultrasound examination in early detection of diseases: a case study
Authors: Ganna Olivia , Indriyani Wenda Anastasia
Published: January 2025

Ultrasound examination (ultrasound) is one of the effective non-invasive diagnostic methods for early detection of various diseases. This study aims to explore the role of ultrasound in detecting diseases at an early stage through case studies of patients with various clinical complaints. By involving 60 participants, the majority of whom came from the local community, this program provides significant benefits for both the community and the participating students. The results showed that 96.6% of the participants had normal abdominal ultrasound results, although some abnormalities such as fatty liver, mild hepatomegaly, colessidiasis (gallstones), and kidney disorders were found. The obstetric examination showed normal pregnancy progression in two participants based on diagnostic parameters, which boosted their confidence while providing valuable hands-on learning opportunities for students. Overall, this program has succeeded in increasing public awareness of the importance of regular health checks while contributing to the development of student competencies. This success confirms the potential to expand similar initiatives to a wider region to improve overall public health outcomes.
ALTRUISME ATAU EGOISME: Kajian Perilaku Beragama Masyarakat Indonesia terhadap Konflik Perang antara Palestina dengan Israel
Authors: Fia Nur afiah
Published: January 2025

Konflik perang antara Palestina dengan Israel yang terjadi pada bulan Oktober 2023 hingga saat ini menyita perhatian seluruh dunia, seperti Indonesia. Akibat konflik itu, masyarakat Indonesia mengecam aksi keji tentara Israel yang telah menghancurkan jalur Gaza di Palestina. Penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa masyarakat Indonesia memberikan dukungan penuh melalui perilaku altruisme kepada Palestina. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode mixed method dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 112 orang yang beragama Islam dan Kristen dengan suku Bugis, Makassar, Jawa, Sunda, Timor Leste, Banjar, Manado, Batak, dan Aceh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konflik perang ini membuat masyarakat Indonesia memberikan dukungan penuh kepada Palestina. Bentuk dukungan yang diberikan sesuai dengan aspek perilaku altruisme, yaitu secara materi, membantu menyebarkan berita melalui media sosial sebagai bentuk dukungan terhadap Palestina, memboikot produk pro Israel agar perekonomian Israel menurun dan kesusahan dalam membeli senjata. Selain itu, memberikan perhatian dengan mengecam tindakan Israel dan rasa empati. Alasan masyarakat berperilaku altruisme karena adanya kesamaan agama sebagai warga Islam, rasa kemanusiaan, rasa belas kasih dan empati, serta bentuk solidaritas. Adapun harapan dalam penelitian ini adalah masyarakat Indonesia menginginkan adanya perdamaian dan menghentikan perang antara negara yg berkonflik.
The Ripakawing Tradition of the Bugis Migrants in Tanete Riaja District, Barru Regency: A Legal Family Analysis in Islam
Authors: Nuramila Nuramila , Budiman Budiman , Wahidin Wahidin
Published: January 2025

This study aims to examine the ipalai tapi' tradition in marriage in Suppa District, Pinrang Regency, and analyze it from the perspective of Islamic law. This research employs field research methods with a qualitative descriptive approach. Primary data were obtained through observation, interviews with the community and cultural figures, and documentation. Secondary data were obtained from archives, journals, and previous studies.
 
The findings indicate that the ipalai tapi' tradition emerged as a response to the high divorce rate and other household issues, functioning as a symbol and prayer to protect the newlyweds' household from undesirable matters. The ipalai tapi' process is carried out after the marriage contract, using a tapi' cloth that is draped over the bride and groom and then sewn by a community or family elder, symbolically binding the couple to ensure a lasting relationship. The Islamic legal analysis categorizes this tradition as al-urf shohih, which means permissible customs.This study recommends that the ipalai tapi' tradition be maintained and preserved as part of local culture that does not contradict Islamic teachings.