bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patrician Landscapes and the Picturesque in Nottinghamshire c.1750–c.1850
Authors: GAUNT RICHARD A.
Published: September 2015

This article considers the Dukeries estates of north Nottinghamshire in the heyday of aristocratic power and prestige, from the mid Georgian to the mid Victorian period. It poses a contrast between visitors' impressions of the area as one of constancy and continuity, a point of reassurance in an age of political and social upheaval, and the reality of internal changes from within. Closely crowded as these estates were, their aristocratic owners competed with one another to fashion the most economically viable and aesthetically pleasing symbol of status and power. The article pays close attention to the hold which picturesque principles exercised on individual owners and considers the role of plantation, animals and water in parkland management and improvement. Finally, the article considers the extent to which the estates were sites of contestation. Owners attempted to keep unwanted plebeian incursions at bay, whilst carefully controlling access on set-piece occasions such as coming-of-age festivities.
Landowner, Tenant and Agent on the Marquis of Anglesey's Dorset and Somerset Estate, 1814–44
Authors: BEARDMORE CAROL
Published: September 2015

This article uses the surviving correspondence between the Marquis of Anglesey and his land agent William Castleman to explore the relationship which existed between landowner, tenant and agent. The aim of this research has been to examine how these affiliations worked in practice through five broad but interconnecting themes which include: an investigation into the men who became agents, a survey of the changing patterns of land tenure, an evaluation of the estate's reaction to economic downturn, a study of the schemes used to alleviate tenant distress and an analysis of how these estate interactions were reflected in the repairs and improvements undertaken. Castleman was already an experienced attorney and land manager when he began to work for the estate and he and the Marquis developed, over time, a deep and trusting business partnership. Consequently their correspondence has created a historical prism which this article has used to illustrate the working partnerships within this West Country locality.
Heterogeneity in barriers regarding the motivation, the opportunity and the ability to choose low-calorie snack foods and beverages: associations with real-life choices
Authors: Bos Colin , van der Lans Ivo A , van Rijnsoever Frank J , van Trijp Hans CM
Published: September 2015

Objective

Employing Rothschild’s Motivation–Opportunity–Ability framework, the present study examines the extent to which heterogeneity in barriers regarding the motivation, the perceived opportunity and the perceived ability to choose low-calorie over high-calorie snacks is associated with the proportion of low-calorie snack choices in real life. Furthermore, the study investigates which dominant barrier profiles can be discerned.

Design

Data were obtained from a survey about participants’ motivation, opportunity and ability to choose low-calorie over high-calorie snacks and an FFQ that measured habitual consumption of snack foods and beverages. Data were analysed using R packages lavaan and NbClust, and IBM SPSS Statistics.

Setting

A representative sample (n1318) of the Dutch population based on gender (686 women), age and education level.

Results

For both snack foods and beverages, motivation to choose low-calorie over high-calorie snacks was associated strongest with proportions of low-calorie choices. The perceived ability and perceived opportunity were also associated with proportions of low-calorie choices, albeit to a lesser extent. Furthermore, three dominant profiles of barriers were identified: the no-barrier profile, the lack-of-opportunity profile and the lack-of-motivation profile. These profiles differed significantly on proportions of low-calorie snack choices, daily meal consumption and sociodemographic characteristics.

Conclusions

Heterogeneity in barriers regarding the motivation, the perceived opportunity and the perceived ability to choose low-calorie over high-calorie snacks is associated with the proportion of low-calorie snack choices in real life. By identifying and appreciating heterogeneity in barriers, the present study provides further incentives for the tailoring of intervention strategies.
CHAINS OF FUNCTIONS IN -SPACES
Authors: KANIA TOMASZ , SMITH RICHARD J.
Published: September 2015

The Bishop property (♗), introduced recently by K. P. Hart, T. Kochanek and the first-named author, was motivated by Pełczyński’s classical work on weakly compact operators on $C(K)$-spaces. This property asserts that certain chains of functions in said spaces, with respect to a particular partial ordering, must be countable. There are two versions of (♗): one applies to linear operators on $C(K)$-spaces and the other to the compact Hausdorff spaces themselves. We answer two questions that arose after (♗) was first introduced. We show that if $\mathscr{D}$ is a class of compact spaces that is preserved when taking closed subspaces and Hausdorff quotients, and which contains no nonmetrizable linearly ordered space, then every member of $\mathscr{D}$ has (♗). Examples of such classes include all $K$ for which $C(K)$ is Lindelöf in the topology of pointwise convergence (for instance, all Corson compact spaces) and the class of Gruenhage compact spaces. We also show that the set of operators on a $C(K)$-space satisfying (♗) does not form a right ideal in $\mathscr{B}(C(K))$. Some results regarding local connectedness are also presented.
First record of Cassis tuberosa spawning in the wild (north-east Brazil)
Authors: Dias Thelma Lúcia Pereira , Mota Ellori Laíse Silva
Published: September 2015

Spawning ofCassis tuberosais recorded and described for the first time, based on observations carried out in the Tamandaré reefs, north-eastern Brazil. The specimen was laying over gravel substrate surrounded by macroalgae at a depth of 2 m.Cassis tuberosauses an algal frond of the genusPadinato lay its eggs. The oothecae consists of approximately 200 vasiform capsules, orange in colour. The spawn ofCassis tuberosais quite similar to that produced by its congener,Cassis madagascariensis; however,Cassis tuberosaspawns in the soft substrate provided by algal fronds whileCassis madagascariensisutilizes coarse, carbonate sand. Considering thatCassis tuberosais the target of multiple commercial purposes, to expand our knowledge about its biology could contribute towards protecting the essential habitat of reproductively active individuals.
Differenzialdiagnostik abdomineller Schmerzen
Authors: Frei Pascal
Published: September 2015

Zusammenfassung. Viele Abdominalschmerzen sind funktionell bedingt. Dennoch gilt es, gefährliche Ursachen auszuschliessen. Anamnestische und klinische Alarmsymptome und Zeichen einer entzündlichen oder malignen Erkrankung sind zu erkennen. Bei akuten Abdominalschmerzen ist bei Fehlen von Laborwerten (oder einem bildgebenden Korrelat) eine zeitlich sinnvolle Nachkontrolle wichtig, da jede klinische Beurteilung nur eine Momentaufnahme ist. Therapieversuche sind häufig auch diagnostisch einsetzbar. Bei radiologischen Abklärungen sollte eine sinnlose Röntgenbelastung vermieden werden. Bei subakuten und chronischen Beschwerden sind ergänzende «langsame» Marker wie das fekale Calprotectin (unter Berücksichtigung der Differenzialdiagnosen), das Helicobacter-Stuhlantigen oder die Sprue-Serologie sinnvoll. Bei alten Patienten kann die Klinik verschleiert sein – es ist Fingerspitzengefühl gefragt. Ebenfalls wichtig ist es, sich nicht falschen Fährten hinzugeben. Darüber hinaus bedeuten Abdominalschmerzen nicht zwangsläufig, dass eine intraabdominale Pathologie vorliegt.
Fortschritte in der muskuloskelettalen MR-Bildgebung
Authors: Ho Michael , Andreisek Gustav
Published: September 2015

Zusammenfassung. Die muskuloskelettale Bildgebung bietet zahlreiche Neuerungen. Die MR-Neurografie ist ein modernes Verfahren zur Detektion von Läsionen der Plexus und der peripheren Nerven. Durch eine hervorragende Beurteilbarkeit der Nachbarstrukturen des Nervs können zudem Nervenkompressionssyndrome gut erfasst werden. Mit kontrastmittelgestützten Aufnahmen gelingen mit der MR-Neurografie auch nicht-invasiv Darstellungen tumoröser oder entzündlicher Prozesse. Die Ganzkörper-MRT bietet interessante Anwendungsmöglichkeiten in der Diagnostik und Verlaufskontrolle von Tumoren, bei systemischen Erkrankungen, der pädiatrischen Diagnostik sowie in der Prävention und Früherkennung. Guidelines weisen den Weg für die evidenzbasierte Anwendung dieser Technik. Die MRT gilt als das Verfahren der Wahl in der Wirbelsäulenbildgebung. Durch fortlaufende Weiterentwicklung der Geräte und Techniken in der Radiologie werden immer bessere Bildqualitäten erzielt. Neue Empfehlungen zur Standardisierung radiologischer Kriterien in der Befundung und Befundübermittlung wurden kürzlich publiziert und sollten im klinischen Alltag angewandt werden, um Informationsverluste auf dem Weg vom hochauflösenden Bild bis hin zur richtigen Therapie zu vermeiden.
Controlling and probing non-abelian emergent gauge potentials in spinor Bose-Fermi mixtures
Authors: Phuc Nguyen Thanh , Tatara Gen , Kawaguchi Yuki , Ueda Masahito
Published: September 2015

Gauge fields, typified by the electromagnetic field, often appear as emergent phenomena due to geometrical properties of a curved Hilbert subspace, and provide a key mechanism for understanding such exotic phenomena as the anomalous and topological Hall effects. Non-abelian gauge potentials serve as a source of non-singular magnetic monopoles. Here we show that unlike conventional solid materials, the non-abelianness of emergent gauge potentials in spinor Bose-Fermi atomic mixtures can be continuously varied by changing the relative particle-number densities of bosons and fermions. The non-abelian feature is captured by an explicit dependence of the measurable spin current density of fermions in the mixture on the variable coupling constant. Spinor mixtures also provide us with a method to coherently and spontaneously generate a pure spin current without relying on the spin Hall effect. Such a spin current is expected to have potential applications in the new generation of atomtronic devices.
Histone H3 Lysine 27 demethylases Jmjd3 and Utx are required for T-cell differentiation
Authors: Manna Sugata , Kim Jong Kyong , Baugé Catherine , Cam Margaret , Zhao Yongmei , Shetty Jyoti , Vacchio Melanie S. , Castro Ehydel , Tran Bao , Tessarollo Lino , Bosselut Rémy
Published: September 2015

Although histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27Me3) is associated with gene silencing, whether H3K27Me3 demethylation affects transcription and cell differentiation in vivo has remained elusive. To investigate this, we conditionally inactivated the two H3K27Me3 demethylases, Jmjd3 and Utx, in non-dividing intrathymic CD4+ T-cell precursors. Here we show that both enzymes redundantly promote H3K27Me3 removal at, and expression of, a specific subset of genes involved in terminal thymocyte differentiation, especially S1pr1, encoding a sphingosine-phosphate receptor required for thymocyte egress. Thymocyte expression of S1pr1 was not rescued in Jmjd3- and Utx-deficient male mice, which carry the catalytically inactive Utx homolog Uty, supporting the conclusion that it requires H3K27Me3 demethylase activity. These findings demonstrate that Jmjd3 and Utx are required for T-cell development, and point to a requirement for their H3K27Me3 demethylase activity in cell differentiation.
Intraindividual neurophysiological variability in ultra-high-risk for psychosis and schizophrenia patients: single-trial analysis
Authors: Shin Kyung Soon , Kim June Sic , Kim Sung Nyun , Hong Kyung Sue , O’Donnell Brian F , Chung Chun Kee , Kwon Jun Soo
Published: September 2015

Background:

Intraindividual variability in neurophysiological responses is an important factor in the study of schizophrenia. Interestingly, this variability strongly predicts individual differences in cognitive processing. Neurobiological abnormalities that present during the prodromal phase of schizophrenia are not well characterized. However, these symptoms may provide insight into the key circuits involved in the disorder.

Aims:

To investigate the variability in magnetoencephalographic responses at ultrahigh risk and schizophrenia patients.

Methods:

Twenty-four ultrahigh risk, 21 patients with schizophrenia and 28 healthy controls were evaluated. The intraindividual variability was estimated by calculating the s.d. of the across-trial amplitude in responses to deviant and standard stimuli. The degree of phase locking across trials was calculated by intertrial coherence.

Results:

Greater variability in the responses to deviant and standard tones was noted in the schizophrenia and ultrahigh risk groups compared with controls. Variability in response to standard stimuli was positively correlated with the amplitude for the standard stimuli in all of the groups. Moreover, schizophrenia patients displayed lower alpha and theta intertrial coherence compared with ultrahigh risk and controls. Mismatch negativity amplitude was correlated with the alpha intertrial coherence in all groups. Taken together, the augmented variability and reduced inter-trial coherence provide empirical evidence for increased amplitude and phase inconsistencies in schizophrenia and ultrahigh risk.

Conclusions:

The results implicate widespread dysfunction in amplitude modulation and phase concentration in schizophrenia and ultrahigh risk, as well as evidence for early amplitude and phase disruption. These finding suggest intraindividual variability and intertrial coherence appear to be important indicators of pathophysiological processing.
Characteristics of Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocyte and Circulating Lymphocyte Repertoires in Pancreatic Cancer by the Sequencing of T Cell Receptors
Authors: Bai Xueli , Zhang Qi , Wu Song , Zhang Xiaoyu , Wang Mingbang , He Fusheng , Wei Tao , Yang Jiaqi , Lou Yu , Cai Zhiming , Liang Tingbo
Published: September 2015

Pancreatic cancer has a poor prognosis and few effective treatments. The failure of treatment is partially due to the high heterogeneity of cancer cells within the tumor. T cells target and kill cancer cells by the specific recognition of cancer-associated antigens. In this study, T cells from primary tumor and blood of sixteen patients with pancreatic cancer were characterized by deep sequencing. T cells from blood of another eight healthy volunteers were also studied as controls. By analyzing the complementary determining region 3 (CDR3) gene sequence, we found no significant differences in the T cell receptor (TCR) repertoires between patients and healthy controls. Types and length of CDR3 were similar among groups. However, two clusters of patients were identified according to the degree of CDR3 overlap within tumor sample group. In addition, clonotypes with low frequencies were found in significantly higher numbers in primary pancreatic tumors compared to blood samples from patients and healthy controls. This study is the first to characterize the TCR repertoires of pancreatic cancers in both primary tumors and matched blood samples. The results imply that specific types of pancreatic cancer share potentially important immunological characteristics.
Chondrocytes-Specific Expression of Osteoprotegerin Modulates Osteoclast Formation in Metaphyseal Bone
Authors: Wang Baoli , Jin Hongting , Shu Bing , Mira Ranim R. , Chen Di
Published: September 2015

Bone marrow stromal cells/osteoblasts were originally thought to be the major player in regulating osteoclast differentiation through expressing RANKL/OPG cytokines. Recent studies have established that chondrocytes also express RANKL/OPG and support osteoclast formation. Till now, the in vivo function of chondrocyte-produced OPG in osteoclast formation and postnatal bone growth has not been directly investigated. In this study, chondrocyte-specific Opg transgenic mice were generated by using type II collagen promoter. The Col2-Opg transgenic mice showed delayed formation of secondary ossification center and localized increase of bone mass in proximal metaphysis of tibiae. TRAP staining showed that osteoclast numbers were reduced in both secondary ossification center and proximal metaphysis. This finding was further confirmed by in vitro chondrocyte/spleen cell co-culture assay. In contrast, the mineral apposition rates were not changed in Col2-Opg transgenic mice. TUNEL staining revealed more apoptotic hypertrophic chondrocytes in the growth plate of Col2-Opg mice. Flow cytometry analysis showed fewer RANK-expressing cells in the marrow of Col2a1-Opg mice, suggesting the role of OPG in blocking the differentiation of early mesenchymal progenitors into RANK-expressing pre-osteoclasts. Our results demonstrated that OPG expression in chondrocyte increases bone mass in the proximal metaphysis of tibiae through negative regulation of osteoclast formation.
Rapid, high efficiency isolation of pancreatic ß-cells
Authors: Clardy Susan M. , Mohan James F. , Vinegoni Claudio , Keliher Edmund J. , Iwamoto Yoshiko , Benoist Christophe , Mathis Diane , Weissleder Ralph
Published: September 2015

The ability to isolate pure pancreatic ß-cells would greatly aid multiple areas of diabetes research. We developed a fluorescent exendin-4-like neopeptide conjugate for the rapid purification and isolation of functional mouse pancreatic β-cells. By targeting the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor with the fluorescent conjugate, β-cells could be quickly isolated by flow cytometry and were >99% insulin positive. These studies were confirmed by immunostaining, microscopy and gene expression profiling on isolated cells. Gene expression profiling studies of cytofluorometrically sorted β-cells from 4 and 12 week old NOD mice provided new insights into the genetic programs at play of different stages of type-1 diabetes development. The described isolation method should have broad applicability to the β-cell field.
Combinatorial Pharmacophore Modeling of Multidrug and Toxin Extrusion Transporter 1 Inhibitors: a Theoretical Perspective for Understanding Multiple Inhibitory Mechanisms
Authors: Xu Yuan , Liu Xian , Wang Yulan , Zhou Nannan , Peng Jianlong , Gong Likun , Ren Jing , Luo Cheng , Luo Xiaomin , Jiang Hualiang , Chen Kaixian , Zheng Mingyue
Published: September 2015

A combinatorial pharmacophore (CP) model for Multidrug and toxin extrusion 1 (MATE1/SLC47A1) inhibitors was developed based on a data set including 881 compounds. The CP model comprises four individual pharmacophore hypotheses, HHR1, DRR, HHR2 and AAAP, which can successfully identify the MATE1 inhibitors with an overall accuracy around 75%. The model emphasizes the importance of aromatic ring and hydrophobicity as two important structural determinants for MATE1 inhibition. Compared with the pharmacophore model of Organic Cation Transporter 2 (OCT2/ SLC22A2), a functional related transporter of MATE1, the hypotheses of AAAP and PRR5 are suggested to be responsible for their ligand selectivity, while HHR a common recognition pattern for their dual inhibition. A series of analysis including molecular sizes of inhibitors matching different hypotheses, matching of representative MATE1 inhibitors and molecular docking indicated that the small inhibitors matching HHR1 and DRR involve in competitive inhibition, while the relatively large inhibitors matching AAAP are responsible for the noncompetitive inhibition by locking the conformation changing of MATE1. In light of the results, a hypothetical model for inhibiting transporting mediated by MATE1 was proposed.
Polyhedral Palladium–Silver Alloy Nanocrystals as Highly Active and Stable Electrocatalysts for the Formic Acid Oxidation Reaction
Authors: Fu Geng-Tao , Liu Chang , Zhang Qi , Chen Yu , Tang Ya-Wen
Published: September 2015

Polyhedral noble–metal nanocrystals have received much attention and wide applications as electrical and optical devices as well as catalysts. In this work, a straightforward and effective hydrothermal route for the controllable synthesis of the high-quality Pd–Ag alloy polyhedrons with uniform size is presented. The morphology, composition and structure of the Pd–Ag alloy polyhedrons are fully characterized by the various physical techniques, demonstrating the Pd–Ag alloy polyhedrons are highly alloying. The formation/growth mechanisms of the Pd–Ag alloy polyhedrons are explored and discussed based on the experimental observations and discussions. As a preliminary electrochemical application, the Pd–Ag alloy polyhedrons are applied in the formic acid oxidation reaction, which shows higher electrocatalytic activity and stability than commercially available Pd black due to the “synergistic effects” between Pd and Ag atoms.
18β-glycyrrhetinic acid suppresses experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis through inhibition of microglia activation and promotion of remyelination
Authors: Zhou Jieru , Cai Wei , Jin Min , Xu Jingwei , Wang Yanan , Xiao Yichuan , Hao Li , Wang Bei , Zhang Yanyun , Han Jie , Huang Rui
Published: September 2015

Microglia are intrinsic immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS). The under controlled microglia activation plays important roles in inflammatory demyelination diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the means to modulate microglia activation as a therapeutic modality and the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here we show that administration of 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (GRA), by using both preventive and therapeutic treatment protocols, significantly suppresses disease severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in C57BL/6 mice. The treatment effect of GRA on EAE is attributed to its regulatory effect on microglia. GRA-modulated microglia significantly decreased pro-inflammatory profile in the CNS through suppression of MAPK signal pathway. The ameliorated CNS pro-inflammatory profile prevented the recruitment of encephalitogenic T cells into the CNS, which alleviated inflammation-induced demyelination. In addition, GRA treatment promoted remyelination in the CNS of EAE mice. The induced remyelination can be mediated by the overcome of inflammation-induced blockade of brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in microglia, as well as enhancing oligodendrocyte precursor cell proliferation. Collectively, our results demonstrate that GRA-modulated microglia suppresses EAE through inhibiting microglia activation-mediated CNS inflammation and promoting neuroprotective effect of microglia, which represents a potential therapeutic strategy for MS and maybe other neuroinflammatory diseases associated with microglia activation.
Whole genome and transcriptome sequencing of matched primary and peritoneal metastatic gastric carcinoma
Authors: Zhang J. , Huang J. Y. , Chen Y. N. , Yuan F. , Zhang H. , Yan F. H. , Wang M. J. , Wang G. , Su M. , Lu G , Huang Y. , Dai H. , Ji J. , Zhang J. , Zhang J. N. , Jiang Y. N. , Chen S. J. , Zhu Z. G. , Yu Y. Y.
Published: September 2015

Gastric cancer is one of the most aggressive cancers and is the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Approximately 40% of global gastric cancer cases occur in China, with peritoneal metastasis being the prevalent form of recurrence and metastasis in advanced disease. Currently, there are limited clinical approaches for predicting and treatment of peritoneal metastasis, resulting in a 6-month average survival time. By comprehensive genome analysis will uncover the pathogenesis of peritoneal metastasis. Here we describe a comprehensive whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing analysis of one advanced gastric cancer case, including non-cancerous mucosa, primary cancer and matched peritoneal metastatic cancer. The peripheral blood is used as normal control. We identified 27 mutated genes, of which 19 genes are reported in COSMIC database (ZNF208, CRNN, ATXN3, DCTN1, RP1L1, PRB4, PRB1, MUC4, HS6ST3, MUC17, JAM2, ITGAD, IREB2, IQUB, CORO1B, CCDC121, AKAP2, ACAN and ACADL) and eight genes have not previously been described in gastric cancer (CCDC178, ARMC4, TUBB6, PLIN4, PKLR, PDZD2, DMBT1and DAB1).Additionally,GPX4 and MPND in 19q13.3-13.4 region, is characterized as a novel fusion-gene. This study disclosed novel biological markers and tumorigenic pathways that would predict gastric cancer occurring peritoneal metastasis.
Spirally-patterned pinhole arrays for long-term fluorescence cell imaging
Authors: Koo Bon Ung , Kang YooNa , Moon SangJun , Lee Won Gu
Published: September 2015

A specially designed disc to reduce cell damage by controlling total fluorescence exposure time without deterioration of image resolution which is simple, cost-effective, and easily integrated into the optical pathway through a conventional fluorescence microscope.
In situ growth of carbon nanotubes on Ni/MgO: a facile preparation of efficient catalysts for the production of synthetic natural gas from syngas
Authors: Fan M. T. , Lin J. D. , Zhang H. B. , Liao D. W.
Published: September 2015

Ni/MgO–CNTs catalysts are prepared byin situchemical vapor deposition growth of CNTs on Ni/MgO. These catalysts exhibit an improved performance for the production of synthetic natural gas from syngas, which is attributed to the formation of highly catalytic active interfaces among Ni, CNTs and MgO.
Unprecedented side reactions in Stille coupling: desired ones for Stille polycondensation
Authors: Huang Hongyan , Jiao Guanyuan , Liu Shuli , Li Quan , Shi Xin , Fu Nina , Wang Lianhui , Zhao Baomin , Huang Wei
Published: September 2015

Unprecedented side reactions in Stille coupling: direct stannylation on the α-H of thiophene and stannylation of arylbromidesviatrialkylstanne halide.
Soil as an inexhaustible and high-performance anode material for Li-ion batteries
Authors: Hu Xiaofei , Zhang Kai , Cong Liang , Cheng Fangyi , Chen Jun
Published: September 2015

Soil as an inexhaustible natural material is for the first time used as a high-performance anode in 18650-type full batteries.
Tailoring the surface-oxygen defects of a tin dioxide support towards an enhanced electrocatalytic performance of platinum nanoparticles
Authors: Manikandan Maidhily , Tanabe Toyokazu , Ramesh Gubbala V. , Kodiyath Rajesh , Ueda Shigenori , Sakuma Yoshiki , Homma Yusaku , Dakshanamoorthy Arivuoli , Ariga Katsuhiko , Abe Hideki
Published: September 2015

Tin-dioxide nanofacets with long-range ordered surface-oxygen defects exhibit an enhanced electrocatalytic performance due to the promoted charge transport at the metal–semiconductor interface.
The hydrogen bond strength of the phenol–phenolate anionic complex: a computational and photoelectron spectroscopic study
Authors: Buytendyk Allyson M. , Graham Jacob D. , Collins Kim D. , Bowen Kit H. , Wu Chia-Hua , Wu Judy I.
Published: September 2015

The phenol–phenolate anionic complex was studied in vacuo by negative ion photoelectron spectroscopy using 193 nm photons and by density functional theory (DFT) computations at the ωB97XD/6-311+G(2d,p) level.
A Ag–Pd alloy supported on an amine-functionalized UiO-66 as an efficient synergetic catalyst for the dehydrogenation of formic acid at room temperature
Authors: Gao Shu-Tao , Liu Weihua , Feng Cheng , Shang Ning-Zhao , Wang Chun
Published: September 2015

Ag–Pd alloys deposited on an amine-functionalized UiO-66(NH2–UiO-66) have been successfully prepared via a pre-coordination method and used as a AgPd@NH2–UiO-66 catalyst with 100% H2 selectivity and a high catalytic activity.
Dual emission tunable in the near-infrared (NIR) and visible (VIS) spectral range by mix-LnMOF
Authors: de Jesus Roberta Anjos , da Luz Leonis Lourenço , Santos Danilo Oliveira , Costa José Arnaldo Santana , Navickiene Sandro , Gatto Claudia Cristina , Júnior Severino Alves , de Mesquita Maria Eliane
Published: September 2015

In this study, we describe the synthetic approach, crystallographic structure, luminescent behavior in heteronuclear coordination polymers with emission in the visible (Eu3+ and organic ligand) and near-infrared (Nd3+) range.
Distribution characteristics of organic phosphorus in sediments from Lake Hulun, China
Authors: Lü Changwei , He Jiang , Zhou Bin , Vogt Rolf D. , Guan Rui , Wang Weiying , Zuo Le , Yan Daohao
Published: September 2015

The amount of organic phosphorus (OP) and its distribution among different pools in lake sediments depend on biotic and abiotic processes driving OP fractionation.
Effects of ultraviolet light on silver nanoparticle mobility and dissolution
Authors: Mittelman Anjuliee M. , Fortner John D. , Pennell Kurt D.
Published: September 2015

Nanomaterials are subject to various physical, chemical, and biological transformations, necessitating a better understanding of the impact of “aging” processes on nanoparticle fate and transport in engineered and natural porous media.
A study of starch gelatinisation behaviour in hydrothermally-processed plant food tissues and implications for in vitro digestibility
Authors: Edwards Cathrina H. , Warren Frederick J. , Campbell Grant M. , Gaisford Simon , Royall Paul G. , Butterworth Peter J. , Ellis Peter R.
Published: September 2015

Within plant tissues of different particle sizes, the extent of gelatinisation revealed by DSC was related to thein vitrodigestion of encapsulated starch granules.
Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of mixed micellar lipid formulation of phyllanthin and piperine in carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in rodents
Authors: Sethiya Neeraj K. , Shah Pankaj , Rajpara Aruna , Nagar P. A. , Mishra S. H.
Published: September 2015

Phyllanthin, a sparingly water-soluble hepatoprotective lignin obtained from Phyllanthus amarus Schum. et Thonn. (Euphorbiaceae) possesses low bioavailability.
Structural changes in lignins isolated using an acidic ionic liquid water mixture
Authors: Brandt Agnieszka , Chen Long , van Dongen Bart E. , Welton Tom , Hallett Jason P.
Published: September 2015

Recently, acidic ionic liquid water mixtures based on the hydrogen sulfate anion have been shown to effectively extract lignin from lignocellulosic biomass.
Ex situ hydrodeoxygenation in biomass pyrolysis using molybdenum oxide and low pressure hydrogen
Authors: Nolte Michael W. , Zhang Jing , Shanks Brent H.
Published: September 2015

Vapors from corn stover pyrolysis were deoxygenated to aromatics and alkanes with low pressure hydrogen over MoO3.
Correction: An ionic liquid extraction process for the separation of indole from wash oil
Authors: Jiao Tiantian , Zhuang Xulei , He Hongyan , Zhao Lihong , Li Chunshan , Chen Hongnan , Zhang Suojiang
Published: September 2015

Correction for ‘An ionic liquid extraction process for the separation of indole from wash oil’ by Tiantian Jiao, et al., Green Chem., 2015, 17, 3783–3790.
Computational thermodynamic study on the complexes of Am(iii) with tridentate N-donor ligands
Authors: Liang Yan-Ni , Yang Xia , Ding Songdong , Li Shoujian , Wang Fan , Chai Zhifang , Wang Dongqi
Published: September 2015

BTP differs from hemi-BTP and TPY in its conformational preference, which may contribute to its higher efficiency in extracting Am(iii).
Immobilizing water-soluble graphene quantum dots with gold nanoparticles for a low potential electrochemiluminescence immunosensor
Authors: Dong Yongqiang , Wu Huan , Shang Pengxiang , Zeng Xiaoting , Chi Yuwu
Published: September 2015

Nano-hybrids of hydrazide-modified graphene quantum dots (HM-GQDs)/gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) prepared from the redox reaction between HM-GQDs and AuCl4− were used for electrochemiluminescent immunosensor of carcinoembryonic antigen.
High performance polymers and their PCBM hybrids for memory device application
Authors: Yen Hung-Ju , Chen Chih-Jung , Wu Jia-Hao , Liou Guey-Sheng
Published: September 2015

Three series of memory devices were prepared from OHTPA-based high-performance polymers and the memory behaviors can be tuned in a wide range by varying the concentration of electron-acceptor PCBM.
A designed synthetic strategy toward poly(isosorbide terephthalate) copolymers: a combination of temporary modification, transesterification, cyclization and polycondensation
Authors: Feng Long , Zhu Wenxiang , Zhou Wen , Li Chuncheng , Zhang Dong , Xiao Yaonan , Zheng Liuchun
Published: September 2015

After a combination of temporary modification, transesterification, cyclization and polycondensation, a series of high-Mn and high-Tg poly(isosorbide terephthalate) copolymers were synthesized.
Sol–gel synthesis of low carbon content and low surface area Li4Ti5O12/carbon black composites as high-rate anode materials for lithium ion batteries
Authors: Chang Chien-Min , Chen Yi-Chih , Ma Wei-Lun , Wang Pin-Han , Lee Ching-Feng , Chen Hwang-Sheng , Chen-Yang Yui Whei
Published: September 2015

Li4Ti5O12/carbon black composite anode materials (LTO/CB) with various amounts of carbon black (CB) as an extra carbon source are synthesized by the sol–gel method for use in LIBs.
Sulfamic acid-functionalized hydroxyapatite-encapsulated γ-Fe2O3nanoparticles as a magnetically recoverable catalyst for synthesis of N-fused imidazole-quinoline conjugates under solvent-free conditions
Authors: Mouradzadegun Arash , Ma'mani Leila , Mahdavi Mohammad , Rashid Zahra , Shafiee Abbas , Foroumadi Alireza , Dianat Shima
Published: September 2015

γ-Fe2O3-HAp-(CH2)3-NHSO3H was shown to be a powerful and reusable catalyst for the synthesis of N-fused imidazole-quinoline conjugates under solvent-free conditions.
The characterization of Co-nanoparticles supported on graphene
Authors: Bazylewski P. , Boukhvalov D. W. , Kukharenko A. I. , Kurmaev E. Z. , Hunt A. , Moewes A. , Lee Y. H. , Cholakh S. O. , Chang G. S.
Published: September 2015

Cobalt nanoclusters on graphene spontaneously form CoO at very low thickness, which is converted to Co[OH]2when layers are formed.
Smart excimer fluorescence probe for visual detection, cell imaging and extraction of Hg2+
Authors: Razi Syed S. , Ali Rashid , Srivastava Priyanka , Misra Arvind
Published: September 2015

Smart pyrene-based simple fluorescent probes 2 and 4 were designed, synthesized and characterized by different spectroscopic methods.
Recent advances of curcumin and its analogues in breast cancer prevention and treatment
Authors: Mock Charlotta D. , Jordan Brian C. , Selvam Chelliah
Published: September 2015

This review focuses on recent developments in the use of curcumin, curcumin analogues, and novel delivery systems as a preventive and therapeutic method for breast cancer treatment.
Hybrid silver nanoparticle/nanocluster-decorated polypyrrole for high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Gan John Kevin , Lim Yee Seng , Huang Nay Ming , Lim Hong Ngee
Published: September 2015

Schematic representation of the evolution of different Ag@PPy nanocomposites.
Adsorption characteristics and mechanism of sewage sludge-derived adsorbent for removing sulfonated methyl phenol resin in wastewater
Authors: Liu Yucheng , Chen Ju , Chen Mingyan , Zhang Bo , Wu Danni , Cheng Qixuan
Published: September 2015

Sulfonated methyl phenol resin (SMP) is one of the most popular organic additives in drilling fluid.
An oxygen evolution catalyst on an antimony doped tin oxide nanowire structured support for proton exchange membrane liquid water electrolysis
Authors: Liu Gaoyang , Xu Junyuan , Wang Yituo , Wang Xindong
Published: September 2015

Porous Sb–SnO2nanowires were synthesized as a support for IrO2by an electrospinning method. The thus prepared catalyst exhibits enhanced mass activity toward OER.
Reduced graphene oxide supported AgxNi100−x alloy nanoparticles: a highly active and reusable catalyst for the reduction of nitroarenes
Authors: Dhanda Ritu , Kidwai Mazaahir
Published: September 2015

Use of RGO supported AgxNi100−x alloy nanoparticles showing high activity and stability in the reduction of nitroarenes.
A comprehensive picture of the current rate dependence of the structural evolution of P2-Na2/3Fe2/3Mn1/3O2
Authors: Sharma N. , Han M. H. , Pramudita J. C. , Gonzalo E. , Brand H. E. A. , Rojo T.
Published: September 2015

The structural evolution of the P2-Na2/3Fe2/3Mn1/3O2electrode during charge/discharge and as a function of applied current is shown.
High brightness deep blue/violet fluorescent polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs)
Authors: Cook Javan H. , Santos José , Al-Attar Hameed A. , Bryce Martin R. , Monkman Andrew P.
Published: September 2015

New deep blue/violet emitting co-polymers are reported. In simple PLED architectures efficiency values as high as ηext,max 1.4% and Lmax 565 cd m−2 with CIEx,y (0.16, 0.07) are obtained.
Contorted aromatics via a palladium-catalyzed cyclopentannulation strategy
Authors: Bheemireddy Sambasiva R. , Ubaldo Pamela C. , Finke Aaron D. , Wang Lichang , Plunkett Kyle N.
Published: September 2015

A palladium-catalyzed cyclopentannulation provides access to contorted aromatics that afford solubility benefits while maintaining pi–pi stacking motifs.
Correction: Individual single-crystal nanowires as electrodes for organic single-crystal nanodevices
Authors: Wang Guorui , Tang Qingxin , Tong Yanhong , Hu Wenping , Liu Yichun
Published: September 2015

Correction for ‘Individual single-crystal nanowires as electrodes for organic single-crystal nanodevices’ by Guorui Wang et al., J. Mater. Chem. C, 2015, DOI: 10.1039/c5tc01920f.
Language Outcomes in Children With Unilateral Hearing Loss: A Review
Authors: Vila Peter M. , Lieu Judith E. C.
Published: September 2015

Unilateral hearing loss (UHL) in children is only recently beginning to be widely appreciated as having a negative impact. We now understand that simply having one normal-hearing ear may not be sufficient for typical child development, and leads to impairments in speech and language outcomes. Unfortunately, UHL is not a rare problem among children in the United States, and is present among more than 1 out of every 10 of adolescents in this country. How UHL specifically affects development of speech and language, however, is currently not well understood. While we know that children with UHL are more likely than their normal-hearing siblings to have speech therapy and individualized education plans at school, we do not yet understand the mechanism through which UHL causes speech and language problems. The objective of this review is to describe what is currently known about the impact of UHL on speech and language development in children. Furthermore, we discuss some of the potential pathways through which the impact of unilateral hearing loss on speech and language might be mediated.
Test and analysis on sensitivity of low‐voltage releases to voltage sags
Authors: Ouyang Sen , Liu Ping , Liu Liyuan , Li Xiang
Published: September 2015

This study discusses the sensitivity (i.e. ride‐through performance) of low‐voltage releases to voltage sags on the basis of extensive tests, and presents two sensitivity models to assess the tripping characteristics of low‐voltage releases, which have not been studied before. First, working principle of low‐voltage release and existing standards are reviewed. Second, a detailed test scheme is proposed and ten kinds of low‐voltage releases have been tested. Test results show that magnitude, duration and point‐on‐wave angle of voltage sag jointly determine the sensitivity of low‐voltage releases. After extremely processing test results and applying the curve fitting theory, the functions representing the relationship between magnitude and duration at different point‐on‐wave angles are formed, which symbolise a detailed sensitivity model of low‐voltage release. Moreover, the other simpler and more practical sensitivity model is proposed by introducing rectangular envelope lines of voltage tolerance curves at different point‐on‐wave angle.
Comment on “Diffusion of n-type dopants in germanium” [Appl. Phys. Rev. 1, 011301 (2014)]
Authors: Cowern N. E. B. , Simdyankin S. , Goss J. P. , Napolitani E. , De Salvador D. , Bruno E. , Mirabella S. , Ahn C. , Bennett N. S.
Published: September 2015

The authors of the above paper call into question recent evidence on the properties of self-interstitials, I, in Ge [Cowern et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 155501 (2013)]. We show that this judgment stems from invalid model assumptions during analysis of data on B marker-layer diffusion during proton irradiation, and that a corrected analysis fully supports the reported evidence. As previously stated, I-mediated self-diffusion in Ge exhibits two distinct regimes of temperature, T: high-T, dominated by amorphous-like mono-interstitial clusters—i-morphs—with self-diffusion entropy ≈30 k, and low-T, where transport is dominated by simple self-interstitials. In a transitional range centered on 475 °C both mechanisms contribute. The experimental I migration energy of 1.84 ± 0.26 eV reported by the Münster group based on measurements of self-diffusion during irradiation at 550 °C < T < 680 °C further establishes our proposed i-morph mechanism.
Silicon-nitride photonic circuits interfaced with monolayer MoS2
Authors: Wei Guohua , Stanev Teodor K. , Czaplewski David A. , Jung Il Woong , Stern Nathaniel P.
Published: September 2015

We report on the integration of monolayer molybdenum disulphide with silicon nitride microresonators assembled by visco-elastic layer transfer techniques. Evanescent coupling from the resonator mode to the monolayer is confirmed through measurements of cavity transmission. The absorption of the monolayer semiconductor flakes in this geometry is determined to be 850 dB/cm, which is larger than that of graphene and black phosphorus with the same thickness. This technique can be applied to diverse monolayer semiconductors for assembling hybrid optoelectronic devices such as photodetectors and modulators operating over a wide spectral range.
Behavior of sodium borosilicate glasses under compression using molecular dynamics
Authors: Kilymis D. A. , Delaye J.-M. , Ispas S.
Published: September 2015

We have performed classical molecular dynamics simulations in order to study the changes under compression in the local and medium range structural properties of three sodium borosilicate glasses with varying sodium content. These glasses have been isostatically compressed up to 20 GPa and then decompressed in order to analyze the different mechanisms that affect densification, alongside with the permanent modifications of the structure after a full compression/decompression cycle. The results show that the atomic packing is the prominent characteristic that governs the amount of densification in the glass, as well as the setup of the permanent densification. During compression, the bulk modulus increases linearly up to approximately 15 GPa and more rapidly for higher pressures, a behavior which is reflected on the rate of increase of the average coordination for B and Na. Radial distribution functions at different pressures during the cycle help to quantify the amount of distortions in the elementary structural units, with a pronounced shortening of the Na–Na and Na–O bond lengths during compression. A subsequent decomposition of the glassy matrix into elementary Voronoi volumes verifies the high compressibility of Na-rich regions.
Ultrafast recovery time and broadband saturable absorption properties of black phosphorus suspension
Authors: Wang Yingwei , Huang Guanghui , Mu Haoran , Lin Shenghuang , Chen Jiazhang , Xiao Si , Bao Qiaoliang , He Jun
Published: September 2015

As a new type of two-dimensional crystal material, black phosphorus (BP) exhibits excellent electronics and optical performance. Herein, we focus on carrier relaxation dynamics and nonlinear optical properties of BP suspension. Atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and optical transmission spectrum are employed to characterize the structure and linear optical properties of the BP. Additionally, pump-probe experiments at wavelength of 1550 nm were carried out to study the carrier dynamics in BP suspension, and ultrafast recovery time was observed (τs = 24 ± 2 fs). Furthermore, we demonstrate the saturable absorption signals by open aperture Z-scan experiments at wavelengths of 1550 nm, 532 nm, and 680 nm. The results indicate that BP has broadband saturable absorption properties and the nonlinear absorption coefficients were determined to be β2 = −0.20 ± 0.08 × 10−3 cm/GW (532 nm), β2 = −0.12 ± 0.05 × 10−3 cm/GW (680 nm), and β2 = −0.15 ± 0.09 × 10−3 cm/GW (1550 nm).
Novel Disulfide-Containing Poly(β-amino ester)-Functionalised Magnetic Nanoparticles for Efficient Gene Delivery
Authors: Liu Yucheng , Li Shufeng , Feng Liandong , Yu Hao , Qi Xiaoliang , Wei Wei , Li Junjian , Dong Wei
Published: September 2015

Poly(β-amino ester)s (PBAEs) have been proved to effectively transfer DNA to various cell types. However, PBAEs with high molecular weights also show considerable toxicities, partly resulting from inadequate degradation of their polyester backbone. In this study, we created novel poly(β-amino ester)s (SF-1, 2, 3, and 4; notation SFs refers to all the four polymers) which were characterised by the cleavable disulfide bonds. Moreover, a new technique, termed magnetofection that uses magnetic nanoparticles to enhance gene expression, has recently been well developed. The negatively charged magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with good biocompatibility in vitro were prepared here to subsequently combine with SFs and DNA via electrostatic interaction, leading to the formation of the magnetic gene complexes MNP/SFs/DNA. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays and transfection experiments were performed in A549 cells to investigate all the resulting complexes. Studies indicated that the synthesised PBAEs exhibited good biodegradation and regulated release of DNA as a result of the reductive cleavage of the disulfide bonds, giving higher transfection efficiency along with much lower cytotoxicity compared with commercially available transfection agent polyethylenimine (Mw 25 kDa). Furthermore, when MNP was involved at a MNP/DNA weight ratio of 0.5, the magnetic gene complexes MNP/SFs/DNA showed enhanced levels of gene expression while maintaining low cytotoxicity.
Complete Stereocontrol in the Synthesis of Harmonine and Novel Analogues Facilitated by a Grubbs Z-Selective Cross-Metathesis Catalyst
Authors: Abel Steven-Alan G. , Olivier Wesley J. , Pederson Richard L. , Bissember Alex C. , Smith Jason A.
Published: September 2015

(R)-Harmonine was synthesised in 15 % overall yield via a six-step sequence exploiting a Z-selective cross-metathesis reaction as its centrepiece. By this strategy, the cis-olefin present in the target could be installed exclusively. The use of an alcohol and an ester as the amine precursors was crucial for isolating the cross-metathesis product from the self-metathesis products. This method was also used to prepare two novel analogues of harmonine.
Revisited: DGT speciation analysis of metal–humic acid complexes
Authors: van Leeuwen Herman P.
Published: September 2015

Environmental context Humic acids and their metal complexes may be sorbed by the gel used in diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) speciation analysis. Owing to the low mobility of the humic entities, the sorption process is very slow. As a consequence, the delay times involved in establishing a steady-state metal diffusion flux may be in the order of days. Abstract Soil humic acids and their metal complexes are sorbed by hydrogel phases such as those used in DGT analysis. The accumulation is spatially inhomogeneous: a thin film near the interface with the aqueous medium typically hosts ~10 times the concentration in the medium, whereas the bulk gel features an accumulation factor of ~2. Here we discuss the consequences of these sorption properties for the usual type of DGT experiment. It appears that the eventual steady-state metal flux is not affected, but the characteristic time of establishing truly steady-state diffusion conditions may be even longer than the common DGT deployment time of a few days.