bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ultrastructure and functional morphology of the appendages in the reef-building sedentary polychaete Sabellaria alveolata (Annelida, Sedentaria, Sabellida)
Authors: Meyer Christian , André Thomas , Purschke Günter
Published: March 2021

Background

The sedentary polychaete Sabellaria alveolata, the sandcastle or honeycomb worm, possesses four different kinds of appendages besides the parapodia: opercular papillae, tentacular filaments, palps, and branchiae. It exhibits a highly specialized anterior end, the operculum, formed by the prostomium, peristomium, and two anterior segments. The operculum comprises opercular papillae, tentacular filaments, and palps. Paired branchiae are present from the second thoracic chaetiger onwards on the posteriorly following segments except for the last ones. Ultrastructural data on these appendages are either scanty, incomplete, or even lacking in Sabellariidae. In order to analyze their functional morphology, to bridge the data gap, and providing data for future phylogenetic and evolutionary analyses, we investigated the appendages of S. alveolata by applying light microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy.

Results

In S. alveolata the entire body is covered by a thin cuticle characterized by the absence of layers of parallel collagen fibers with no differentiation between the various body regions including the branchiae. The opercular papillae bear numerous tufts of receptor cells and lack motile cilia. The tentacular filaments show a distinctive pattern of motile cilia. Their most conspicuous morphological feature is a cell-free cartilaginous endoskeletal structure enclosed by ECM. Besides musculature the filaments include a single coelomic cavity but blood vessels are absent. The palps are ciliated and possess two coelomic cavities and a single blind-ending internal blood vessel. Besides external ciliation and receptor cells, the coelomate branchiae are highly vascularized and equipped with numerous blood spaces extending deep between the epidermal cells resulting in low diffusion distances.

Conclusions

All appendages, including the branchiae, bear receptor cells and, as such, are sensory. The opercular papillae resemble typical parapodial cirri. In contrast, the tentacular filaments have a triple function: sensing, collecting and transporting particles. A similarity to branchiae can be excluded. The palps are typical grooved palps. A revised classification of polychaete branchiae is suggested; thereby, the branchiae of S. alveolata belong to the most common type comprising coelom, musculature, and blood vessels. The results indicate that diffusion distances between blood and environment have been underestimated in many cases.
The value of the portable fibrinogen measuring device—a case report of severe postpartum hemorrhage with obstetric disseminated intravascular coagulation
Authors: Hikida Yoko , Sumikura Hiroyuki , Okada Hisako , Fujino Takashi , Tanaka Mayumi , Sakai Yu , Okahara Shoko , Inoue Rie
Published: March 2021

Background

Fibrinogen concentration is an important indicator of the treatment for obstetric disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). We present how using the fibrinogen measuring device could solve problems in the treatment of postpartum hemorrhage with complicated DIC.

Case presentation

A 32-year-old woman with monochorionic diamniotic twins at 22 weeks of pregnancy was diagnosed with placental abruption and underwent emergent cesarean section. The estimated blood loss was 8375 g. She was transferred to our hospital for further treatment. Compressive uterine sutures and balloon tamponade were performed. We transfused fibrinogen and fresh frozen plasma actively during the operation to maintain plasma fibrinogen above 200 mg/dL by using a point-of-care fibrinogen measuring device. In spite of massive hemorrhage exceeding 10 L, she was extubated at the end of the operation and discharged on the 7th day after the operation.

Conclusion

The portable fibrinogen measuring device was useful for point-of-care assessment of obstetric DIC.
Scavengers of hemoproteins as potential biomarkers for severe sepsis and septic shock
Authors: Verheij Myrddin W. , Bulder Ingrid , Wuillemin Walter A. , Voermans Carlijn , Zeerleder Sacha S.
Published: March 2021

Background

Despite improvements in diagnosis, interventions and supportive care, mortality among sepsis patients is still high. Research of the past decade has attempted to identify biomarkers that can accurately discriminate sepsis from other diseases with comparable symptoms to improve diagnosis, but results have been lackluster. Recent studies have shown that hemoproteins and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) such as mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) released as the result of hemolysis play an important role in the pathogenesis of sepsis. The aim of this study was to measure plasma levels of the indirect markers for hemoproteins hemopexin, haptoglobin and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) as well as the mitochondrial damage marker mtDNA in the plasma of a cohort of sepsis patients to determine the feasibility of their use as biomarkers in the diagnosis of sepsis.

Methods

Hemopexin, haptoglobin and HO-1 were measured in plasma by ELISA and mtDNA was measured by digital droplet PCR. Plasma levels of hemopexin, haptoglobin, HO-1 and mtDNA were measured in 32 patients with severe sepsis and 8 patients with septic shock at baseline and 4 days after admission to the ICU and in 20 healthy donors.

Results

Plasma levels of hemopexin were significantly lower and plasma levels of HO-1, haptoglobin and mtDNA were significantly higher in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock at baseline compared to healthy controls. Additionally, HO-1 levels were significantly higher in patients with septic shock compared to patients with severe sepsis. Finally, levels of HO-1 and mtDNA, but not of hemopexin, seemed to slowly revert back towards levels measured in healthy donors within 5 days after admission.

Conclusions

Our results indicate that plasma levels of the hemoprotein scavengers hemopexin, haptoglobin and HO-1 and the mitochondrial damage marker mtDNA might be useful as additional biomarkers for the early diagnosis of sepsis and disease severity.
Late Tremadocian (Early Ordovician) reefs on the Yangtze Platform, South China, and their geobiological implications: a synthesis
Authors: Wang Jian-Po , Li Qi-Jian , Kershaw Stephen , Zhang Yuan-Yuan , Yu Shen-Yang , Li Yue
Published: March 2021

This study provides an overview and discussion of controls on the distribution of organic reefs during the Early Ordovican Period, in the Yangtze Platform, a region of epicontinental sedimentary rocks in South China. The Yangtze Platform was located in low latitudes during the Early Ordovician and recorded rich and diverse reefs through that time. During the late Tremadocian Epoch, dolomitic and stratiform stromatolites were common in supratidal to intertidal zones of the western Yangtze Platform, while columnar stromatolites formed in deeper waters of the eastern Yangtze Platform. Skeletal-dominated reefs occurred in upper subtidal settings of the central Yangtze Platform. A transition from microbial-dominated to metazoan-dominated reefs with shallowing-upward cycles was evident, indicating that the composition of the main reef-builders was driven mainly by water depth. Increasing metazoan competition during the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event reduced the abundance of microbial reefs. Sufficient nutrient supply is interpreted to have promoted development of skeletal-dominated reefs locally in shallow settings in the central Yangtze Platform, especially represented by the expansion of abundant solitary fossils of lithistid sponges andCalathium. High salinity environmental settings facilitated the bloom of stromatolites in near-shore locations. Low oxygen content in deep subtidal settings may have led to the absence of skeletal reefs in these habitats, so the mass occurrences of stromatolites was located in the shallower-water central and eastern platform. No keratose sponge-bearing stromatolite can be confirmed across the platform during this interval.
Multimodality imaging of an interventricular septum hydatid cyst
Authors: Prasad Krishna , Kumar Rupesh , Halder Vikram , Raju Muni , Negi Sunder Lal , Naganur Sanjeev
Published: March 2021

Background

Cardiac hydatid over the interventricular septum is extremely rare. Echinococcus infests humans as an accidental host. Echocardiography usually clinches the diagnosis of cardiac hydatid. However, multimodality imaging including cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging, computed tomography (CT), and positron emission tomography (PET) helps in supporting the diagnosis and surgical planning.

Case presentation

We present a 29-year-old male who presented with dyspnea and was found to have cardiac hydatid on the interventricular septum on echocardiography. CT and CMR clinched the diagnosis. CT pulmonary angiography showed extensive pulmonary thromboembolization and cavitary consolidation in lungs. PET showed no active uptake in cardiac hydatid. Post-surgical enucleation of the cyst his hypotension worsened and succumbed.

Conclusion

Cardiac hydatid has poor prognosis. Multimodality imaging helps in confirming the diagnosis and surgical planning.
Predictors and outcome of customer satisfaction: moderating effect of social trust and corporate social responsibility
Authors: Javed Sara , Rashidin Md. Salamun , Jian Wang
Published: March 2021

The study is to present an integrative model of predictors and outcome of customer satisfaction in the fast food sector of Pakistan and also examine its effects. Moreover, we also examined the contingent effect of social trust and corporate social responsibility (CSR) on the relationship between customer satisfaction and brand loyalty. Offline and online survey was conducted with four hundred fast food customers; valid data were assessed and analyzed through structural equation modeling and moderation step-by-step approach. Results demonstrate that restaurant stimuli such as food quality, service quality, atmosphere, price, restaurant location and a variety of food have strong significant effects on customer satisfaction, and customer satisfaction engendered brand loyalty. Social trust has a positive significant impact on the relationship between customer satisfaction and brand loyalty, whereas on the other side CSR has insignificant impact on the association. The study has practical implications for both restaurateurs and government. Restaurateurs should ensure the safety standards of foods, and the government can take an initiative to set proper policy and maintain the food safety standards by regulation.
The safety and efficacy of the trans-umbilical approach for pyloroplasty in the management of post-acid corrosive gastric outlet obstruction in children
Authors: Elhalaby Essam A. , Halawa Nezar Abd Erouf Abo , Elhalaby Ismael E. , Shawky Dina , Hassan Hussam , Almetaher Hisham A.
Published: March 2021

Background

Gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) may follow acid corrosive ingestion. Several surgical techniques have been reported after the failure of endoscopic dilatation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of Heinecke-Mikulicz pyloroplasty (HMP) through a circum-umbilical skin incision in children with pyloric stricture after accidental acid corrosive ingestion.

Results

Seven patients were males and 4 were females, their ages ranged from 17 months to 6 years at the time of definitive treatment. The surgery was completed successfully in all patients through the circum-umbilical incision. Vertical extension of skin incision was needed in one patient. The pylorus was grossly affected in 9 patients. Both pylorus and gastric antrum were involved in 2 patients. Nine patients had an excellent postoperative course with the cessation of vomiting and progressive weight gain. One patient developed postoperative recurrent stricture treated by gastrojejunostomy. Another patient with associated esophageal stricture responded to repeated endoscopic dilatation for the esophageal stricture and pyloroplasty for the pyloric stricture. No surgical site infection or wound dehiscence occurred in any patient.

Conclusion

Heinecke-Mikulicz pyloroplasty through a circum-umbilical approach is both feasible and safe in the majority of children with post-acid corrosive GOO. It is associated with satisfactory wound healing and excellent cosmetic outcome. Different techniques are recommended in cases of severe pyloric stricture associated with significant proximal gastric antral scarring.
Ligand Binding Prolongs Androgen Receptor Protein Half-Life by Reducing its Degradation
Authors: Astapova Olga , Seger Christina , Hammes Stephen R
Published: March 2021

Androgens are important in female reproduction, but the molecular actions of androgens in female reproductive tissues are not fully understood. We investigated the androgen-responsive transcriptome in human and mouse granulosa cells (GCs) and surprisingly found that the gene-regulation activity of androgen receptor (AR) in these cells is negligible. We then investigated extranuclear actions of AR and found that in human and mouse GCs, as well as in prostate cancer cells, dihydrotestosterone (DHT) dramatically increases the half-life of its own receptor protein. Using the human granulosa-like KGN cells, we show that this effect is not the result of increased AR gene transcription or protein synthesis, nor is it fully abrogated by proteasome inhibition. Knockdown of PTEN, which contributes to degradation of cytoplasmic AR, did not diminish AR accumulation in the presence of DHT. Using immunofluorescence cellular localization studies, we show that nuclear AR is selectively protected from degradation in the presence of DHT. Knockdown of importin 7 expression, a potential regulator of AR nuclear import, does not affect DHT-mediated nuclear accumulation of AR, suggesting importin 7-independent nuclear import of AR in GCs. Further, DNA binding is not required for this protective mechanism. In summary, we show that ligand binding sequesters AR in the nucleus through enhanced nuclear localization independent of DNA binding, thereby protecting it from proteasome degradation in the cytoplasm. This phenomenon distinguishes AR from other sex steroid receptors and may have physiological significance through a positive feedback loop in which androgen induces its own activity in male and female reproductive tissues.
Bounded Communities
Authors: Benitez J. Francisco
Published: March 2021

This article explores the works of Philippine author Macario Pineda through the lens of Walter Benjamin’s “The Storyteller.” Following Benjamin, Pineda’s short stories present experience as containing a dialectic “frozen” in time and sutured in narrative. In Pineda’s stories, embodied social interactions in the rural Philippines are mapped spatially and temporally. By portraying the conditions of possibility of these social maps, Pineda demonstrates the forces of value production and exchange within the imperial field. His stories thus provide us with a sense of how values are produced, concentrated, and accumulated as well as how persons and communities might negotiate the imperial field. As such, these works engage the question of dialectical ethics in narrative. Reading Pineda, we see how individual experience may yield, through a specifically utopian impulse in narratives, transmittable counsel as described by Walter Benjamin. Pineda’s works therefore reveal that dialectical ethics, through a narratological articulation between the different notions of experience as Erlebnis and Erfahrung, can aid us in considering the type of community formation we might prefer.
Diagnostic and procedural intraoperative ultrasound: technique, tips and tricks for optimizing results
Authors: Lubner Meghan G , Mankowski Gettle Lori , Kim David H , Ziemlewicz Timothy J , Dahiya Nirvikar , Pickhardt Perry
Published: March 2021

Intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) is a valuable adjunctive tool that can provide real-time diagnostic information in surgery that has the potential to alter patient management and decrease complications. Lesion localization, characterization and staging can be performed, as well as surveying for additional lesions and metastatic disease. IOUS is commonly used in the liver for hepatic metastatic disease and hepatocellular carcinoma, in the pancreas for neuroendocrine tumors, and in the kidney for renal cell carcinoma. IOUS allows real-time evaluation of vascular patency and perfusion in organ transplantation and allows for early intervention for anastomotic complications. It can also be used to guide intraoperative procedures such as biopsy, fiducial placement, radiation, or ablation. A variety of adjuncts including microbubble contrast and elastography may provide additional information at IOUS. It is important for the radiologist to be familiar with the available equipment, common clinical indications, technique, relevant anatomy and intraoperative imaging appearance to optimize performance of this valuable imaging modality.
Meta-Signer: Metagenomic Signature Identifier based onrank aggregation of features
Authors: Reiman Derek , Metwally Ahmed , Sun Jun , Dai Yang
Published: March 2021

The advance of metagenomic studies provides the opportunity to identify microbial taxa that are associated with human diseases. Multiple methods exist for the association analysis. However, the results could be inconsistent, presenting challenges in interpreting the host-microbiome interactions. To address this issue, we develop Meta-Signer, a novel Metagenomic Signature Identifier tool based on rank aggregation of features identified from multiple machine learning models including Random Forest, Support Vector Machines, Logistic Regression, and Multi-Layer Perceptron Neural Networks. Meta-Signer generates ranked taxa lists by training individual machine learning models over multiple training partitions and aggregates the ranked lists into a single list by an optimization procedure to represent the most informative and robust microbial features. A User will receive speedy assessment on the predictive performance of each ma-chine learning model using different numbers of the ranked features and determine the final models to be used for evaluation on external datasets. Meta-Signer is user-friendly and customizable, allowing users to explore their datasets quickly and efficiently.
Design of Band-Notched MIMO Antenna for UWB Applications
Authors:   Faculty of Engineering, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt, Shaker Ahmed , Haggag Ayman
Published: March 2021

A compact ultra-wideband (UWB) Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna with a notched band is presented. The proposed design consists of four unipolar UWB radiators, and these monopole radiators are placed perpendicular to each other to exploit polarization diversity, where the four-element ultra-wideband (UWB) Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna is presented. The total size of the antenna is 60x60 mm2. The operating frequency of the antenna is 3.1–11 GHz with a return loss of less than 10 dB, except at the notched band of 4.9– 5.9 GHz. This antenna consists of an isosceles trapezoidal plate with a circular notch cut and two transitional steps as well as a partial ground plane. For UWB bandwidth enhancement techniques: use of a partial ground plane, and modify the gap between the radioactive element and ground plane technique, using steps to control the resistance stability and a notch cut technique. The notch cut from the radiator is too used to reduce the size of the plane antenna. The measured -10 dB return loss bandwidth for the designed antenna is about 116.3% (8.7 GHz). The MIMO antenna does not require any additional structure to improve insulation. The proposed antenna supplies an acceptable radiation pattern and relatively flat gain over the entire frequency band.
Semiorthogonal User Scheduling for Millimeter Wave Using Low-Resolution ADCs
Authors:   Faculty of Information Technology, National Academy of Education Management (NAEM), Hanoi, Vietnam, Pham Hung , Hoai Bac Dang , Khanh Quy Vu , Tien Ban Nguyen
Published: March 2021

Low-resolution Analogue-to-Digital Converters (ADCs) is a promising solution to reduce power consumption for millimeter wave (mmWave) systems in which the number of antennas at base stations is very large. In this paper, we develop downlink user scheduling for mmWave systems using low-resolution ADCs. Although the sum-rate of Maximum Rate algorithm is very impressive in mmWave systems, it is difficult to use in practice, especially for a large number of users due to exhaustive search. Therefore, we proposed a novel scheduling, termed as NOUS, which selects users who are semi-orthogonal to each other in the beamspace. A closed-form expression for the scheduling criteria in the downlink channel over a mmWave system with low-resolution ADCs and Zero-forcing precoder is derived. The numerical results show that the NOUS algorithm almost achieves the performance of Maximum Rate with lower complexity and outperforms the performance of Proportional Fair in terms of the sum rate.
Three Different Compact Elliptical Slot Ultra -Wide band Antennas for Wireless Communication Applications
Authors:   Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College (A), Tirupathi, India, Chakradhar K. S , Rao V. Malleswara
Published: March 2021

From this current paper, 3 separate elliptical slotted ultra- wide band (UWB) antennas are being proposed. These antennas have been designed with a standard PCB design process to be capable of integrating with radiofrequency or microwave circuitry. Two designs were presented in which the initial design comprised a half circular ring radiator and the remaining one considers a half elliptical ring radiator. The third design of the radiator is in the shape of a crescent. The impedance bandwidth of all these presented antenna designs varies from 2.5GHz and reaches to 14GHz with a S11 less than -10GHz. Here, every proposed antenna design also has a consistent radiation pattern across its frequency band of interest. The performance of the antenna is impressive for lower band frequency in UWB system, which differs in a range of 3.1GHz to 5.1GHz. Across the whole frequency band the antenna shows a 10db return loss bandwidth. The antenna is fabricated on RT-duroid substrate and fed with 50 Ω coupled tappered transmission line.
Self-Adaptive Rectenna with High Efficiency over a Wide Dynamic Range for RF Energy Harvesting Applications
Authors:   Benha University, 13512 Benha, Egypt, Abdelhady Eman M. , Abdelkader Hala M. , Al-Awamry Amr A.
Published: March 2021

This paper presents a novel simple adaptive and efficient rectenna with automatic power distribution to achieve high radio frequency-direct current (RF-DC) power conversion efficiency (PCE) over a wide range of RF input power. This design employs two rectifier paths operating at low and high-power levels, respectively. Automatic power distribution method exploits the power-dependent input impedance of the rectifier and routes the RF input power into the assigned path according to the input power level. A distinctive enhancement in the rectifier dynamic range is achieved when dividing the high path power equally into two or more parallel diode cells, which helps the high path to camouflage the diode breakdown voltage in case of high input power level. The proposed adaptive design applies two different rectifier topologies, one by using shunt diode topology and the other by using voltage doubler topology at 2.45 GHz. Simulated PCE of this work is kept above 50% over a range of 25.1 dBm from -5.7 to 19.4 dBm of RF input power using shunt diode topology and over a range of 30 dBm from -6.3 to 23.7 dBm of RF input power using voltage doubler topology.
AOMDV-OAM: A Security Routing Protocol Using OAM on Mobile Ad Hoc Network
Authors:   Faculty of Information Technology, Huy Le Duc ,   Ha noi University of Business and Technology, Viet Nam, Ngoc Luong Thai , Tam Nguyen Van
Published: March 2021

On-demand routing protocol is designed to work efficiently on mobile ad hoc networks (MANET). They operate with the belief that all nodes in the network are friendly, thus hackers exploiting security vulnerabilities to carry out some form of cyber attacks, especially Flooding attacks. This form of attack is easily accomplished by overflowing route request packets into the network. Once the attack frequency is large enough, it shall interfere with the route discovery of other network nodes, damaging network performance. In this article, we will analyze and evaluate the impact of flood attacks on the performance of two routing protocols AOMDV. Thereby, we describe a security solutions using the One Time Password (OTP) authentication mechanism (OAM) and implementing AOMDV-OAM security protocol, which is improved from the AOMDV protocol by using OAM to reduce the harmful effects of flood attacks. Using NS2, we assess the security effectiveness of the AOMDV-OAM protocol in random waypoint network topologies where has flooding attacks. Simulation results show that AOMDV-OAM protocol is very effective in minimizing the harmful effects of flood attacks, the rate of successful packet delivery reached over 99% when the one malicious node attacked with a frequency of 20pkt/s and 50pkt/s for Grid network topology.
STE-AMM: Secret Twist Encryption Standard Access Mechanism Model in Cloud Environment
Authors:   Department of Computer Science & Applications, Chaudhary Devi Lal University, Sirsa-125055, India, Sameer Sameer , Rohil Harish
Published: March 2021

The advent of the cloud computing has provided the opportunity for various organizations and enterprises to store the data effectively at low cost. With the advancement, the cloud environment manages to have mutli-users to access the data in the cloud based on their request. The requests and the activities of users are monitored and controlled by the group manager based on the roles of them. However due to the dynamic nature of the multi -user clouds result in challenges for ensuring the security of the cloud. Additionally, the revocation of existing users often results in increased overheads. A novel framework of Secret Twisted Encryption based access mechanism model (STE-AMM) is proposed to resolve these issues with two modules. The Square Decisional Diffie-Hellman (SDDH) technique is employed to generate the digital signature for users and used to govern the user in group module. The secret keys to secure the data is generated with the STE algorithm which is the improved Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and used in the data module. The proposed STE-AMM framework is implemented and evaluated with the metrics of time and cost. The obtained results showed that the performance of the proposed framework is effective than the existing models for securing the data in the cloud. The proposed framework may be enhanced with random size for signature and security key.
The Content of the Concept of «Human Resource Management» In HR Management, Explaining the Emergence of «New» HR Managers
Authors: Cibareva M.
Published: March 2021

The article discusses the content of the concept of "human resource management". The prerequisites for the emergence of a new model of personnel management are revealed. Approaches to determining the content of personnel management are proposed: traditional, resource and evolutionary. A review of foreign and domestic literature has shown that the development of human resource management in HR management is associated with such indicators as greening and sustainability, which have determined the emergence of new areas as "green" practices in HRM. The competence - based approach to personnel management has increased the innovative activity of organizations. Evolutionary HR management has defined a set of new competencies for HR professionals, such as the ability to work with a large array of information; the ability to use network resources and change the digital environment in management; focus on the organization's HR policy, and others. There is a need for specialists who are able to translate the current activities of the organization into business processes, are able to automate management and increase labor productivity, and are able to optimize personnel costs. It also provides an analysis of salaries in terms of employers ' requirements for "new" HR managers.
Remote Work in a Pandemic: Challenges and Opportunities for Business and Personnel
Authors: Nagapetyan K. , Ozernikova T.
Published: March 2021

The temporary remote operation has become widespread in domestic organiza-tions due to the difficult epidemiological situation during the COVID-19 pandemic. The article analyzes the practice of transferring employees to a temporary remote operation of enterprises during a pandemic. Research methods: problem interview, as well as con-tent analysis of scientific literature and media publications. The problems that arise when employees are transferred to a temporary remote operation, as well as the opportunities that open up when using this mode of operation are identified. Differentiated understanding of the problems and opportunities of remote work from the perspective of employers and employees. The most significant problems of using the temporary re-mote operation are grouped according to their content, four groups of problems are sin-gled out: organizational and managerial problems, resource provision problems, psycho-logical and Internet administration problems; their comparative significance is deter-mined. The necessity of developing a complex of organizational and managerial measures to ensure the effective functioning of the temporary remote operation has been proved.
Chance-Constrained Multiple Bin Packing Problem with an Application to Operating Room Planning
Authors: Wang Shanshan , Li Jinlin , Mehrotra Sanjay
Published: March 2021

We study the chance-constrained bin packing problem, with an application to hospital operating room planning. The bin packing problem allocates items of random sizes that follow a discrete distribution to a set of bins with limited capacity, while minimizing the total cost. The bin capacity constraints are satisfied with a given probability. We investigate a big-M and a 0-1 bilinear formulation of this problem. We analyze the bilinear structure of the formulation and use the lifting techniques to identify cover, clique, and projection inequalities to strengthen the formulation. We show that in certain cases these inequalities are facet-defining for a bilinear knapsack constraint that arises in the reformulation. An extensive computational study is conducted for the operating room planning problem that minimizes the number of open operating rooms. The computational tests are performed using problems generated based on real data from a hospital. A lower-bound improvement heuristic is combined with the cuts proposed in this paper in a branch-and-cut framework. The computations illustrate that the techniques developed in this paper can significantly improve the performance of the branch-and-cut method. Problems with up to 1,000 scenarios are solved to optimality in less than an hour. A safe approximation based on conditional value at risk (CVaR) is also solved. The computations show that the CVaR approximation typically leaves a gap of one operating room (e.g., six instead of five) to satisfy the chance constraint.

Summary of Contribution: This paper investigates a branch-and-cut algorithm for a chance-constrained bin packing problem with multiple bins. The chance-constrained bin packing provides a modeling framework for applied operations research problems, such as health care, scheduling, and so on. This paper studies alternative computational approaches to solve this problem. Moreover, this paper uses real data from a hospital operating room planning setting as an application to test the algorithmic ideas. This work, therefore, is at the intersection of computing and operations research. Several interesting ideas are developed and studied. These include a strengthened big-M reformulation, analysis of a bilinear reformulation, and identifying certain facet-defining inequalities for this formulation. This paper also gives a lower-bound generation heuristic for a model that minimizes the number of bins. Computational experiments for an operating room planning model that uses data from a hospital demonstrate the computational improvement and importance of the proposed approaches. The techniques proposed in this paper and computational experiments further enhance the interface of computing and operations research.
Formação e experiência: biografia músico-educativa como procedimento de pesquisa e formação
Authors: De Almeida Jéssica
Published: March 2021

O artigo tem como objetivo explicar um procedimento de pesquisa (auto)biográfica desenvolvido no âmbito de uma pesquisa de doutoramento, destacando suas potencialidades de uso para a formação de professores. Referenciados teoricamente em estudos sobre pesquisa (auto)biográfica (ABRAHÃO, 2004; BRAGANÇA, 2011; BOLÍVAR, DOMINGUES, FERNANDEZ, 2001, CUNHA, 2012; NÓVOA, FINGER, 2010; PASSEGGI, 2011a, entre outros), experiência e formação (DELORY-MOMBERGER, 2014; DOMINICÉ, 2010a; JOSSO, 2010a; JOSSO, 2010b; PASSEGGI, 2011b; SUÁREZ, 2012, entre outros), os diferentes momentos que integram a biografia músico-educativa, procedimento em questão, são delineados destacando-se as suas particularidades e contribuições para a formação docente. Inspirada na biografia educativa, um procedimento de pesquisa e formação desenvolvido por Pierre Dominicé e Marie-Christine Josso, a discussão teórico-metodológica sobre a biografia músico-educativa busca fomentar o debate sobre a pertinência de abordagens (auto)biográficas em processos formativos, sejam estes no âmbito acadêmico ou em outros contextos e ampliar as perspectivas sobre a formação docente inicial, continuada e permanente.
As razões da permanência escolar no Proeja: narrativas dos trabalhadores-estudantes do sertão de Alagoas
Authors: Silva Jailson Costa da , Freitas Marinaide Lima de Queiroz , Silva Suzi Cristiane Soares da
Published: March 2021

O artigo tem por objetivo apresentar as razões da permanência escolar dos sertanejos-trabalhadores-estudantes que, motivados pelo sonho e pela determinação, permaneceram no Curso técnico de nível médio integrado em alimentos, no âmbito do Proeja, doInstituto Federal de Alagoas (Ifal) – campus Piranhas. Utilizamos o método de história de vida como ponte entre o individual e o social com base em Cipriani (1988) e Paulilo (1999). As narrativas foram construídas por meio da técnica da entrevista de História de vida (Queiroz, 1988). As vozes dos narradores, utilizadas como fontes, demonstraram que os motivos da permanência são oriundos da cooperação e solidariedade entre os colegas, apoio familiar, incentivo de alguns professores, e pela existência material de: transporte, materiais didáticos e auxílio financeiro. Nesse sentido, envolveu as permanências simbólica e material. .
Justiça Social: uma trajetória conceitual
Authors: Pereira Minussi Valeria , Ramos Nara Vieira
Published: March 2021

O artigo objetiva aprofundar o debate sobre Justiça Social retomando a construção do conceito e como ele se apresenta hoje. A Justiça Social está pautada em três dimensões: Redistribuição, Reconhecimento e Representação. Transversalmente a tais dimensões, há a ideia de Justiça Social como igualdade de oportunidades e igualdade de posições. Realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica, abordando ideias de autores como Rawls (2000a, 2000b, 2003), tratando de Redistribuição, Fraser (2006) apresentando o Reconhecimento, Young (2006) para o debate sobre Representação, e Dubet (2014) que apresenta a igualdade de oportunidades e de posições como formas de Justiça Social. O conceito Justiça Social está em constante transformação, sendo dinâmico, seguindo as especificidades das sociedades e dos sujeitos que a integram, acompanhando suas demandas e necessidades por eles apresentadas.
A aplicação dos royalties na educação dos municípios da Região Metropolitana do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Souza Fábio Araujo de , Menezes Janaina Specht da Silva
Published: March 2021

Este artigo objetiva analisar a aplicação em educação dos recursos das compensações financeiras advindas da exploração de recursos naturais, sobretudo as do petróleo, xisto betuminoso e gás natural, realizada pelos municípios da Região Metropolitana do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (RMRJ). A partir das pesquisas bibliográfica e documental, é apresentada uma análise dos dados disponíveis nos sites dos Tribunais de Contas do Estado e do Município, bem como no da Transparência e/ou das Secretarias de Fazenda Municipais. Entre outros resultados, o trabalho revela que dos 22 municípios integrantes da RMRJ, apenas oito (36,4%) declararam investir parte desses recursos em educação, e, destes, apenas cinco disponibilizaram a descrição das despesas pagas, fato que dificulta a investigação e análise do destino desses recursos. Revela, ainda, que a destinação à educação, disposta no ordenamento jurídico, de 75% dos recursos dos royalties, vem sendo refreada por processos de judicialização, os quais aguardam julgamento no Supremo Tribunal Federal.
Potencialidades da História Oral na pesquisa e na form(ação) docente: percurso metodológico
Authors: Borges Vilmar José , Borges Jullizze Maia
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo tem por objeto de estudo os pressupostos metodológicos de pesquisa da História Oral, e, por objetivo, desvelar e socializar as potencialidades dessa abordagem como alternativa para investigar as especificidades da relação entre os diferentes saberes/fazeres que envolvem a formação e a atuação docente. Para tanto, apoiados na abordagem da pesquisa bibliográfica, destaca a necessidade de investigações que voltem seus olhares para a internalidade do processo educativo, desvelando saberes e fazeres dos sujeitos em seus dinâmicos processos formativos. Nessa direção, enfatiza as potencialidades da História Oral. Conclui-se que essa abordagem se mostra ainda mais potente ao permitir ao pesquisador adotar, em suas pesquisas, um híbrido constituído por dois ou mais procedimentos, que podem se relacionar sem causar danos teórico-metodológicos a cada um separadamente.
Os atravessamentos da saúde na educação e os efeitos da governamentalidade
Authors: Porto Roberta Mendonça , Amado Luiz Antonio Saléh
Published: March 2021

Este artigo objetiva discutir os efeitos da implementação da Política Nacional de Educação Especial de 2008 no município de Linhares, ES, a partir do encontro entre educação e saúde. Os dados dessa pesquisa referem-se ao ano de 2010 e foram analisados sob as lentes da Análise Institucional. Com base nesses pressupostos, nos voltamos para a nova organização da rede, após a implementação da PNEE 2008, que estabeleceu uma parceria entre saúde e educação. A partir disso, observou-se o aumento da demanda de avaliação das dificuldades de aprendizagem e de problemas comportamentais dos estudantes por parte das escolas e de seus profissionais. Este efeito emergiu neste trabalho como um analisador histórico: Aumento da demanda por avaliação, apontando para como tem se constituído a relação entre saúde e educação no âmbito da escola e abrindo espaços para novas organizações desta relação. Questões até então corriqueiras no cotidiano escolar passaram a ser consideradas disfunções neuropsicológicas dos estudantes, demandando, assim, a avaliação de uma equipe de saúde. Diante disso, a equipe de trabalho elaborou uma série de estratégias que pudessem minimizar o processo de medicalização escolar que estava se instituindo naquela rede. Essas estratégias aproximaram os profissionais da saúde e da educação, permitindo que os profissionais da escola colocassem suas práticas em análise e produzissem mudanças nas relações e práticas da escola.
A Referencialização na pesquisa em educação em Ciências
Authors: Tobaldini de Lima Barbara Grace , Richetti Graziela Piccoli , Alves-Filho Jose de Pinho
Published: March 2021

Neste trabalho analisamos, a partir da proposta teórica e metodológica da Referencialização, a formação dos egressos de um curso de licenciatura e de um programa de pós-graduação. No primeiro momento abordamos os encaminhamentos e fundamentos deste processo e o modo como ele foi mobilizado no desenvolvimento de duas investigações. O objetivo é apresentar e difundir a referencialização como alternativa para o desenvolvimento das pesquisas na educação em Ciências. Como resultados são apresentadas as dimensões identificadas em cada uma das pesquisas, e em seguida, uma síntese dos principais resultados. Concluímos que a referencialização é um processo dinâmico, complexo, processual e que, ao fornecer respostas, gera também informações para nortear futuras mudanças ou adaptações ao dispositivo educativo analisado.
Editorial: Teias, 20 anos
Authors: Paiva Jane , Leonardi Paula
Published: March 2021

No movimento da memória, reencontrado um arquivo de Teias, da origem, ficamos tentadas a reproduzi-lo integralmente nesse editorial de comemoração dos 20 anos da Revista. De certo modo, porque nos vemos um pouco dessa maneira também hoje: presas por um fio, construtoras das Teias ao mesmo tempo em que capturadas em tantas tramas.
Pregnancy intention and gestational age at first antenatal care visit in Lesotho
Authors: Mkandawire Paul , Kangmennaang Joseph , Walker Chad , Antabe Roger , Atuoye Kilian , Luginaah Isaac
Published: March 2021

Background/aims

With coverage of antenatal care in sub-Saharan Africa approaching a universal level, attention is now turning to maximising the life-saving potential of antenatal care. This study assessed the gestational age at which pregnant mothers make their first antenatal visit in the context of high antenatal coverage in Lesotho.

Methods

For the purposes of this study, secondary data from the Demographic and Health Survey of 2014 was analysed. These data were collected in 2014, via an interviewer administered questionnaire. Survival analysis was applied to the data, using Stata SE 15 to compute time ratios that estimate time to first antenatal visit in Lesotho.

Results

Despite near universal coverage, only 24% of mothers start antenatal care before 12 weeks of gestation, as recommended by the World Health Organization. In addition, mothers with unwanted pregnancies are most likely to delay antenatal care until later in gestation, followed by mothers with mistimed pregnancies. Education, but not wealth, correlates with the start of antenatal care.

Conclusions

Having achieved near universal coverage, emphasising a prompt start and adherence to recommended visits could optimise the life-saving potential of antenatal care in Lesotho.
Rare health conditions 43: phobias, homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia and osteopetrosis
Authors: Barber Chris
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this series is to highlight a range of rare health conditions. Rare health conditions are those that affect no more and usually fewer than one person in every 2000. Many healthcare assistants and nurses will encounter some of these conditions given the high number of these conditions. This 43rd article will briefly explore two of these conditions, homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia and osteopetrosis, as well as a range of rare phobias.
Complications of the newborn baby
Authors: Lindsay Pat
Published: March 2021

Most babies adapt well to extrauterine life and make good progress. However, there are some risks in the early days of life and the care given is directed at observing progress, spotting the early signs of trouble and acting to mitigate them before serious damage is done. Maternity support workers give most of the care healthy term babies receive after birth and they will often be the first person, after the mother, to notice when an infant is not progressing well. It is important that these key caregivers know the problems newborn babies might develop, and that they recognise when one is starting. The focus of this paper is potential complications of healthy term babies, rather than those babies with recognised health or care needs, such as preterm or low birthweight infants.
The heart: an amazing organ
Authors: Peate Ian
Published: March 2021

This article provides an overview of the anatomy and physiology of the heart. The heart is an amazing organ that continuously pumps oxygenated blood throughout the body to sustain the life of the various organs. The heart pumps out around 7500 litres of blood per day. The heart functions without us having to think about it, beating around 70 times per minute, this equates to just over 100 000 heart beats each day.

This article discusses the structure of the heart, along with its various functions. The conduction system is outlined, as well as the blood flow through the heart. A glossary of terms is provided and a short test to check your knowledge.
Rare health conditions 44: ataxia, Diamond Blackfan anaemia, sexual identities
Authors: Barber Chris
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this series is to highlight a range of rare health conditions. Rare health conditions are those that affect no more and usually fewer than 1 person in every 2000 and many healthcare assistants and nurses will encounter some of these conditions, given the high number of them. This 44th article will briefly explore two of these conditions, ataxia and Diamond Blackfan anaemia, along with diverse and ‘underground’ forms of sexual identity.
Cattle Review
Authors: Barrett David C
Published: March 2021

Introduction:

In this Cattle Review we consider papers on the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in various wildlife species, breed susceptibility to psoroptic mange in cattle and the possible aetiology of udder cleft dermatitis
Platelet-derived extracellular vesicles promote osteoinduction of mesenchymal stromal cells
Authors: Antich-Rosselló Miquel , Forteza-Genestra Maria Antònia , Calvo Javier , Gayà Antoni , Monjo Marta , Ramis Joana M.
Published: March 2021

Aims

Platelet concentrates, like platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet lysate (PL), are widely used in regenerative medicine, especially in bone regeneration. However, the lack of standard procedures and controls leads to high variability in the obtained results, limiting their regular clinical use. Here, we propose the use of platelet-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) as an off-the-shelf alternative for PRP and PL for bone regeneration. In this article, we evaluate the effect of PL-derived EVs on the biocompatibility and differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs).

Methods

EVs were obtained first by ultracentrifugation (UC) and then by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) from non-activated PL. EVs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and the expression of CD9 and CD63 markers by western blot. The effect of the obtained EVs on osteoinduction was evaluated in vitro on human umbilical cord MSCs by messenger RNA (mRNA) expression analysis of bone markers, alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), and calcium (Ca2+) content.

Results

Osteogenic differentiation of MSCs was confirmed when treated with UC-isolated EVs. In order to disprove that the effect was due to co-isolated proteins, EVs were isolated by SEC. Purer EVs were obtained and proved to maintain the differentiation effect on MSCs and showed a dose-dependent response.

Conclusion

PL-derived EVs present an osteogenic capability comparable to PL treatments, emerging as an alternative able to overcome PL and PRP limitations. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2020;9(10):667–674.