bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
M. BOVIS BCG-1 (RUSSIA) SUB-STRAIN GENOME STABILITY INVESTIGATION WITHIN THE ENTIRE PRODUCTION PROCESS
Authors: Otrashevskaya E. V. , Vinokurova V. N. , Shilikov E. A. , Sotnikova E. A. , Perevyshina T. A. , Kolchenko S. A. , Butusova T. B. , Kostryukova E. S. , Ilina E. N. , Ignalev G. M.
Published: September 2019

Aim. The aim of the current study was to analyze the genome structure of the M. bovis BCG-1 (Russia) sub-strain, used for the vaccine production, as well as its genome stability within the entire production process. Materials and methods. Whole genome sequencing and M. bovis BCG-1 (Russia) working seed lot and for the last production passage of the sub-strain cultivation from a number of the vaccine batches. Additionally, VNTR sequences of 24 locus analyses, RD patterns comparison, as well as spoligotyping were performed. Results. The whole genome sequence of the M. bovis BCG-1 (Russia) working seed lot was assembled, annotated and deposited to GenBank. On the basis of DU2- and RD-regions analyzes M. bovis BCG-1 (Russia) sub-strain was confirmed to be belonged to BCG Russia strains of DU2-I group. Whole genome sequencing followed by comparative analysis of RD patterns and SNPs confirmed the stability of the vaccine sub-strain genome from the working seed lot to a number of the vaccine batches obtained within the two-years period. VNTR profile and spoligopattern exactly matched the M. bovis BCG-1 (Russia). Conclusion. Thus the M. bovis BCG-1 (Russia) sub-strain genome identity and stability have been studied and demonstrated. The obtained result confirmed the vaccine production process consistency.
SEROEPIDEMIOLOGY IN THE SURVEILLANCE OF VACCINE-PREVENTABLE DISEASES
Authors: Semenenko T. A. , Akimkin V. G.
Published: September 2019

Seroepidemiology is a potentially powerful tool for predicting and monitoring the effectiveness of specific prevention program using studies of antibody prevalence. The availability of a certified collection of blood serum (serum bank) allows to carry out a reliable assessment of population immunity to vaccine-preventable diseases; to determine the degree of epidemiological risk of the infection spread in various areas of the country; to implement short-term and long-term forecasting of changes in the situation on topical infections; to substantiate preventive measures in the system of biosafety for defined population groups and decreed contingents; to provide information necessary for making the optimal management decisions.
Arp GENE NUCLEOTID SEQUENCES VARIABILITY IN RUSSIAN TREPONEMA PALLIDUM ISOLATES
Authors: Obraztsova O. A. , Aleinikova K. A. , Kubanov A. A. , Deryabin D. G.
Published: September 2019

Aim. Analysis of the arp gene internal fragment nucleotide sequences variability in modern russian T. pallidum subsp. pallidum strains. Materials and methods. 57 T. pallidum isolates obtained from specialized dermatovenerologic clinics of the Central (Kaluga), the North Caucasus (Stavropol) and the Siberian (Tyva) regions in 2016 — 2017 were used in the study. The sequensing of the arp gene was performed using capillary electrophoresis technology. Results. A two-round amplification of the arp gene have been proposed, which ensures a correct reading of its internal region. Four variants of 60-nucleotide repeats in the internal arp fragment are described, which differing in 6, 8 and 15 — 17 codons compositions. Various combinations of these repeats, corresponding to the reference Nichols strain, globally distributed Street 14 genogroup, and the firstly described Stavropol regional variant are shown. Conclusion. The prospect of arp gene sequencing as a way to increase T. pallidum molecular typing efficiency is postulated.
INFLUENZA INFLAMMATION BIOMARKERS FEATURES
Authors: Ospelnikova T. P. , Morozova O. V. , Andreeva S. A. , Isaeva E. I. , Kolodyazhnaya L. V. , Kolobukhina L. V. , Merkulova L. N. , Burtseva E. I. , Mukasheva E. A. , Ershov F. I.
Published: September 2019

Aim. Analysis of inflammation biomarkers using reverse transcription with real time PCR (RT-PCR-RT) and multiplex immunofluorescent analysis xMAP with magnetic beads for the influenza infection. Materials and methods. Analysis of nasopharyngeal swabs, lymphocytes and blood sera of 10 patients with influenza and 10 donors was performed during the first 2 days of the disease by means of RT-PCR-RT and xMAP using the kit «37-plex» (BioRad). Results.The influenza virus A was revealed in 4 samples, the influenza virus B — in 6 swabs without mixed infections with other respiratory viruses. Analysis of the interferons (IFN) showed IFNα gene expression activation in patients’ lymphocytes but both the detection rate and the concentrations of IFNβ, IFNγ and IFNλ RNA were similar for patients and healthy donors. Among 37 inflammation biomarkers the concentrations of 7 proteins were enhanced including IFNα2, cytokines of TNF family (APRIL and BAFF), their soluble receptors sTNF-R1 and sTNF-R2, protein osteopontin and IL10. The concentrations of the complex of glycoprotein gp130 with the soluble receptor IL6 gp130/sIL-6Rβ and the matrix metalloprotease ММР-1 were reduced in patients’ sera. The polarization coefficient PI=[IL10]/[IFNγ]=0.53 for influenza samples suggested Th1 immune response. Conclusion. At the early stage of the influenza infection IFNα gene expression activation along with the induction of TNF family cytokines (APRIL and BAFF), their receptors (sTNF-R1 and sTNF-R2) and osteopontin as well as the inhibition of the complex gp130/sIL-6Rβ and metalloprotease ММР-1 were shown. Th1 immune response regulated by IL10 resulted in the recovery of the patients without complications.
SUCCESSION OF CYANOBACTERIA IN BOREAL WATERS
Authors: Kapkov V. I. , Vasilieva S. G. , Lobakova E. S.
Published: September 2019

The in situ investigation of cyanobacterial seasonal succession, causing algal «blooms» in boreal waters, and its dependence on ecological factors was fulfilled. It was revealed that the most important abiotic factors promoting the growth and changes of dominant species in populations are the water temperature, the level of solar radiation and content of cyanobacterial metabolites. The most profound «blooming» with highest biomass and toxic metabolites accumulation occurs during anticyclone type of weather. During such periods cyanobacteria are the most prevalent cultures due to the combination of adaptive mechanisms acquired in evolutionary process which other partners of planktonic community lacked or deprived. It was hypotized that the global warming and cyanobacteria ability to inhabit different biotopes due to environmental tolerance would result in more profound and prolonged «blooming» of boreal waters.
METABOLIC ACTIVITY OF HIGH-ANTAGONISTIC STRAINS OF LACTOBACILLI ISOLATED FROM HEALTHY PEOPLE
Authors: Chervinets V. M. , Chervinets Yu. V. , Belyaeva E. A. , Petrova O. A. , Ganina E. B.
Published: September 2019

Aim. To evaluate the metabolic activity of highly antagonistic strains of lactobacilli isolated from the oral cavity and intestine of healthy people. Materials and methods. 9 highly antagonistically active strains of lactobacilli isolated from plaque and intestine of healthy people of different age groups from 8 to 35 years were included in the study. Enzymes of pathogenicity, acidproduc-tion, gasotransmitters (CH4, CO2, C2H6, CO и NH3) were studied in lactobacilli, as well as the degree of sensitivity to hydrochloric acid and bile. Results. All antagonistic strains of lactobacilli have been identified by 16S rRNA sequencing and assigned to 4 species: Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Lactobacillus casei. All lactobacilli were apatogenic, producing a wide range of metabolites of varying severity: lactic acid and gasotransmitters, CH4, CO2, C2H6, CO и NH3. It was found that intestinal strains of lactobacilli were resistant to hydrochloric acid and bile than lactobacilli isolated from oral cavity. Conclusion. Highly antagonistic strains of lactobacilli have a wide spectrum of probiotic factors, they synthesize acids and gasotransmitters, persiste in the presence of hydrochloric acid and bile, and therefore they should be considered in the creation of new probiotics and functional products.
THE ROLE FOR NATURALLY OCCURRING VARIANTS OF LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES INVASION FACTORS IN PERINATAL LISTERIOSIS
Authors: Sobyanin K. A. , Sysolyatina E. V. , Chalenko Ya. M. , Lavrikova A. Ya. , Kalinin E. V. , Pushkareva V. I. , Ermolaeva S. A.
Published: September 2019

Aim. Using the model of intragastric Listeria monocytogenes infection in pregnant mice to compare an input of found in nature variants of the invasion factor InlB in perinatal listeriosis. Materials and methods. Mice on 12-16 days of pregnancy were injected intragastrically with 108 CFU of isogenic recombinant L. monocytogenes strains EGDeAinlB::InlB9 and EGDeAinlB:: InlB14. The strains expressed naturally occurring InlB variants, InlB9 and InlB14. In 72 h, mice were subjected to euthanasia to evaluate bacterial loads in the internal organs. Results. Only the strain, which expressed InlB14, caused perinatal infection. Microbial loads in the liver, spleen and Peyer’s patches was 715, 315 and 70 times higher for this strain than for the strain EGDeAinlB:: InlB9 (p
ANALYSIS OF THE DIFFERENT METHODICAL APPROACHES DIRECTED ON THE ELIMINATION OF PLANKTON FORMS AND LEGIONELLA BIOFILMS FROM POTENTIALLY DANGEROUS WATER SYSTEMS
Authors: Tartakovsky I. S. , Gruzdeva O. A. , Karpova T. I. , Dronina Yu. E. , Tarasova T. A. , Loginova O. G. , Dmitrieva M. N.
Published: September 2019

Aim. Comparative study of the different methodical approaches directed on the elimination of plankton forms and Legionella biofilms from potentially dangerous water systems. Materials and methods. Evaluation of short-term heatingof water to 70OC implemented in water supply module by volume 290 L with regulated temperature profile. Evaluation of catalytic cleansing of water implemented in the pool for water birds by volume 10 000 L. The initial, intermediate and final level of water objects colonization by L. pneumophila determined accordance MUK 4.2.2217-07. Presence of biofilms associated with L .pneumophila on the surface of the equipment, water surface and ball valves of water supply system determined visual with subsequent bacteriological confirmation by L. pneumophila isolation from biofilms. Results. The high level of bactericidal activity against L. pneumophila plankton forms and biofilms was shown by both methods. Short-term heating to 70O during 24 hours prevented Legionella growth for 2 months of management. The catalytic cleansing of water against high initial level of contamination of water object by L. pneumophila manifested not earlier 3 weeks of maintenance and continued during 2 months. Conclusion. The presented methodical approaches can be used for development of efficient strategy of prevention of legionellosis during management of the different potentially dangerous water systems in public buildings.
DETECTION OF POTENTIALLY PATHOGENIC BACTERIA IN THE BRACKISH RIVERS FLOWING INTO THE ELTON LAKE BY HIGH-THROUGHPUT SEQUENCING
Authors: Selivanova E. A. , Khlopko Yu. A. , Gogoleva N. E. , Plotnikov A. O.
Published: September 2019

Aim. To indicate potentially pathogenic bacteria in plankton of the brackish rivers flowing into the Elton Lake by high-throughput sequencing of 16S ssuRNA gene. Materials and methods. The water samples from brackish rivers Lantsug and Chernavka, flowing into the Elton Lake, were taken up in a volume of 50 ml, filtered through membrane filters (pore diameter - 0.22 pm). Total DNAwas obtained by phenol-chloroform extraction with preliminary homogenization and enzymatic lysis. DNA libraries for sequencing were created by protocol Illumina with primers to a variable V3-V4 region of 16S ssuRNA gene. Sequencing was performed on a platform MiSeq («Illumina», США). Results.There were found the phylotypes of potentially pathogenic bacteria of Proteobacteria phylum from the families Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, Campylobacteraceae, Vibrionaceae, Aeromonadaceae, Moraxellaceae, Legionellaceae, Alcaligenaceae, Campylobacteraceae, and also of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria phyla in the plankton samples of the brackish rivers. Probable source of bacterial contamination is large and small cattle. Conclusion. These data demonstrate that the continental brackish waters, along with freshwater and marine habitats perform a reservoir function to potentially pathogenic microorganisms. High-throughput sequencing can be used to screen the presence of pathogens in water.
EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCES ON A CROP PLANT ROLE IN EPIDEMIOLOGY OF SAPRONOTIC (SOIL-BORNE) BACTERIAL INFECTIONS
Authors: Pushkareva V. I. , Ermolaeva S. A.
Published: September 2019

Specific epidemiology of sapronotic (soil-borne) bacteria is characterized from the ecological point of view. The characteristic feature of soil-borne pathogens is an ability to exist autonomously in the environment. This analytical review is focused on crops as alternative hosts for a number of soil-borne pathogenic bacteria (Yersinia, Salmonella, Listeria, Escherichia etc). Published experimental results evidence capabilities of human and animal pathogens to colonize plant tissues. Novel approaches are discussed to minimize risks of infection spreading with crops. These approaches include an analysis of wild plant natural resistance to pathogenic bacteria and a construction of transgenic plant crops expressing antimicrobial peptides. Multiple studies are cited that established wild plants used in traditional medicine as a source for obtaining molecules effective against resistant pathogens. The review includes recent author results on activity of wild plant extracts against Listeria and toxin-producing Escherichia.
THE PRODUCTION OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES TO TETRASACCHARIDE - SYNTHETIC ANALOGUE OF THE CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE OF STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE OF SEROTYPE 14 AND THEIR IMMUNOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION
Authors: Yakovleva I. V. , Kurbatova E. A. , Akhmatova E. A. , Sukhova E. V. , Yashunsky D. V. , Tsvetkov Yu. E. , Nifantiev N. E. , Sviridov V. V.
Published: September 2019

Aim. Production of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to synthetic tetrasaccharide - repeating unit of the capsular polysaccharide (CP) of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 14 and their immunochemical characterization. Materials and methods. In order to generate the hybridoma producing mAb, mice were immunized with synthetic tetrasaccharide conjugated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) with following hybridization of B lymphocytes with mouse myeloma cells. Antibodies were obtained in vitro andin vivo. Immunochemical characterization of mAb to tetrasaccharide was carried out using a variety of ELISA options. Results. For the first time obtained mouse hybridoma, producing IgM to tetrasacchride. The IgM titer of anti-tetrasacharide antibodies in supernatants of clones and in the ascitic fluid of mice in ELISA detected by biotinylated tetrasaccharide and synthetic CP adsorbed on the solid phase was higher compared to the use of bacterial CP as well cover antigen. In the reaction of inhibition of the ELISA, the mAb recognized the corresponding carbohydrate epitopes of the bacterial CP of S. pneumoniae serotype 14 dissolved in the liquid phase better than tetrasaccharide ligand and synthetic CP. Conclusion. To detect mAb to tetrasaccharide in ELISA preferably to use synthetic analogues of the CP as solid phase antigens. The obtained mAb to tetrasaccharide can be used to determine the representation of the protective tetrasaccharide epitope of CP in the development of pneumococcal vaccines.
FUNCTIONAL EFFECTS OF θ-DEFENSINS FROM BLOOD LEUKOCYTES OF BABOON PAPIO HAMADRYAS
Authors: Tsvetkova E. V. , Aleshina G. M. , Leonovа L. E. , Shamova O. V. , Romanovskaya E. V. , Kokryakov V. N.
Published: September 2019

Aim. Study the functional properties of cationic antimicrobial peptides 0-defensins isolated from baboon Papio hamadryas blood leukocytes. Materials and methods. Baboon 0-defensins were extracted from leukocyte mass using ultrafiltration, preparative electrophoresis and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. The test microorganisms used were Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli, Gram-positive bacteria Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus, and fungi Candida albicans. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by testing serial dilutions of the test peptides by radial diffusion in agarose gel. Microbicidal action was evaluated by counting surviving colony forming units after incubation microorganisms with the peptides. The 0-defensins influence on E.coli membrane permeability was assessed using chromogenic markers o-nirofenil- β-D-galactopyranoside and nitrocefin. Results. The analysis of the 0-defensins antimicrobial properties showed that they produce antimicrobial activity against test microorganisms, exhibiting bactericidal and fungicidal effects at micromolar concentrations. We studied the influence of different environmental conditions (low and high ionic strength, blood serum in medium) for antimicrobial activity. It is shown that 0-defensins have the ability to increase the outer membran of E.coli permeability, however, in contrast to 0-defensins have no noticeable influence on the inner membrane permeability. Conclusion. Baboon 0-defensins isolated from blood leukocytes are effective antimicrobial agents with a broad spectrum of microbicidal action. 0-Defensins baboon unlike 0-defensins exhibit antimicrobial activity in environments with high ionic strength. 0-Defensins increase the outer membran of E.coli permeability but not the cytoplasmic membrane, suggesting that the mechanism of antimicrobial effect of these peptides other than 0-defensins.
CLINICAL-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ENTEROVIRUS NONPOLIOMIELITIS INFECTIONS IN THE KRASNODAR TERRITORY
Authors: Zhukova L. I. , Rafeenko G. K. , Gorodin V. N. , Vanyukov A. A.
Published: September 2019

Aim. To characterize the epidemic situation and the clinical course of enterovirus (neolio) infections in the Krasnodar Territory. Materials and methods. Retrospective analysis of manifestations of the epidemic process and clinical characteristics of non-poliomyelitis enterovirus infections from 2002 to 2017 in the territory of the Krasnodar Territory. Results. The incidence of enterovirus infections, the structure of clinical forms, the landscape of enteroviruses isolated from the environment and the biological material of patients was demonstrated. The clinical course of enterovirus infection in 170 hospitalized patients was characterized. Conclusion. Enterovirus (nepolio) infection in the Krasnodar Territory in many years of dynamics demonstrates growing relevance. A variety of enterovirus serotypes circulating in the environment and in the human population are preserved, the spectrum of which varies. In the structure of clinical forms of enterovirus infections, the number of diseases without affecting the central nervous system increases, which indicates an improvement in the quality of diagnosis and an increase in the diagnostic motivation of doctors. Further measures for epidemiological surveillance, as well as training of physicians of various specialties, are expedient, which will help to increase the effectiveness of diagnosis and treatment of enterovirus (nepolio) infection.
FEATURES OF SEASONAL MANIFESTATION OF BRUCELLOSIS INFECTION AMONG THE POPULATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN
Authors: Kurbonov K. M. , Simonova E. G. , Filatov N. N.
Published: September 2019

The aim of this work was to study modern manifestations of seasonal brucellosis among the population of the Republic of Tajikistan. The materials and methods: of the study were the official statistics, as well as the results of previously performed studies on the risk assessment of the incidence in population. A retrospective epidemiological analysis of annual incidence rate for the period from 1997 to 2016 was conducted, depending on the most significant social and environmental risk factors. Results. The article shows the impact on the annual incidence rate of socio-economic transformations, including the privatization of collective livestock farms, accompanied by the massive movement of farm animals to private ownership, the loss of practice in animal breeding, and changes in environmental and climatic conditions. Against the background of the intensification of sheep breeding, there is a tendency in seasonality smoothing and shifting the maximum levels of population incidence of brucellosis to the spring season. Conclusion. The modern features of seasonal manifestation of brucellosis infection in the Republic of Tajikistan make it necessary to apply a differentiated approach to planning and conducting preventive measures in various areas of the country.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE VACCINE BASED ON THE RECOMBINANT ANTIGENS OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA
Authors: Mihailova N. A. , Zimina E. M. , Soldatenkova A. V. , Kaloshin A. A.
Published: September 2019

Aim. The aim is obtaining, investigation and selection of recombinant antigens for inclusion theirs into the against Pseudomonas vaccine. Materials and methods. The genes encoding of the outer  membrane proteins F, L and I and Exotoxin A were synthesized by PCR with the genomic DNA of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The amplified sequences were cloned into plasmid vectors for expression in cells of Escherichia coli. As the result of expression were the synthesized recombinant proteins that were purified in columns with a nickel-activated sorbent. The authenticity of the recombinant antigens was assessed by electrophoresis and immunoblotting. For assessing the immunogenicity of the recombinant proteins,they were sorbed on aluminum hydroxide and used for intraperitoneal immunization of mice. After a course of immunization, mice were injected intraperitoneally with a live virulent culture or еxotoxin A. Results. The obtained recombinant outer membrane proteins OprF, OprL and OprI, as well as the deletion variant of еxotoxin A (toxoid) stimulated immune reactions and protected the experimental animals from the virulent culture of P. aeruginosa. Using of the complexes of the recombinant proteins, as well as immunization with the fusion proteins consisting from sequences of two or three recombinant antigens, produced an additive increase in protective effects. The combination of the recombinant OprF protein and the recombinant toxoid (efficiency index of protective properties (EI 3.0) and two recombinant fusion proteins (EI 3.5) were the most effective. The first recombinant fusion protein (OprF-aTox-OprI) consisted from fused polypeptide sequences of OprF, toxoid and OprI. The second recombinant fusion protein (OprF-OprI) consisted from fused polypeptide sequences of OprF and OprI. Conclusion. The data obtained showed the fundamental possibility of using recombinant fusion proteins OprF-aTox-OprI and OprF-OprI as well as the complex of the recombinant OprF protein and the recombinant toxoid as the candidated vaccines against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Pseudotuberculosis as persistent infection: etiopathogenetic preconditions
Authors: Somova L. M. , Andryukov B. G. , Timchenko N. F. , Psareva E. K.
Published: September 2019

The review discusses the pathogenetic  features of pseudotuberculosis, which predetermine the possibility of recurrence  of the disease and persistent  infection.  Among them  deserve attention  the damage of lymphoid organs with the development  of secondary immunodeficiency, granulomatous  inflammation, efferocytosis, associated with the absorption of apoptotic,  phosphatidyl-positive neutrophils.  Efferocytosis as one of the antimicrobial  strategies of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) reduces the damage to surrounding tissue and increases the production of anti-inflammatory molecules, while the Yersinia infected PMNLs  can act as an intermediate  host for the subsequent non-inflammatory infection of macrophages. The predisposition of Yersinia, including Y. pseudotuberculosis, to persistence is associated with genetically determined  bacterial pathogenicity  factors, mainly with their antiphagocytic  properties and the ability to produce a cytotoxic necrotic factor (CNFY).
The programme of measles elimination in the WHO African region: current state of the problem
Authors: Antipova A. Yu. , Bichurina M. A. , Lavrentieva I. N. , Totolyan Areg A.
Published: September 2019

In the WHO African region (AFR),  measles is characterized  by severe complications  with a high risk of death due to malnutrition, vitamin А deficiency, concomitant infections. Measles viruses of genotype B (B1, B2, B3) are the endemic viruses in the African region (47 countries).  The strategy for the elimination of measles in AFR was based on the combination  of supplementary  immunization programmes (SIAs) for children under 14 years of age and routine vaccination of at least 90% of children 9-15 months of age. It was recommended to repeat the SIAs every 3-5 years. The number of measles cases decreased by 83-97% during the first year due to the strategy. The recommended age of routine vaccination in AFR is 9 months — this is a way to reduce measles-caused infant mortality. However, the level of seroconversion is not sufficient (85%). To eliminate measles completely by 2020, it’s recommended the use of two-dose regimens — vaccination and revaccination. Vaccination coverage with a single dose of measles vaccine in the African region increased to 74% in 2015, but the high incidence of measles in the region persists. In 2013-2016 there are 103,161 cases of measles among children under 6 years of age in AFR ; 79% of which were not vaccinated (or had unknown vaccination  status). In 2013, the measles vaccine program in several AFR countries  was disrupted  by the epidemic of Ebola. In countries where the epidemic has ended, the vaccination was recommended to be resumed for persons who may have missed routine immunization. There are problems in the implementation of measles elimination  in AFR: insufficient equipment  of medical centers and lack of qualified personnel, poor population awareness, poorly developed communication system, military conflicts.
Mixed infectious disease forecasting technique, based upon seasonal decomposition and Sarima
Authors: Filatova E. N. , Solntsev L. A.
Published: September 2019

Aim. To study the possibility of using mixed technique for predicting infectious morbidity based on time series decomposition methods and SARIMA (decSARIMA).Materials and methods. Using the data from 12 regions of Volga Federal District (Russia) we analyzed time series of the incidence of infectious pathologies: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), acute upper respiratory viral infection (ARVI) and syphilis. The decomposition of time series of the incidence rate was carried out using X13-ARIMA-SEATS method. The trend and the seasonal component were separated, each of which was then modeled separately by SARIMA method. The final model of the incidence rate was obtained by adding the trend and the seasonal models.Results. On average, decSARIMA models had higher or similar characteristics of model and prediction quality compared to SARIMA models without preliminary decomposition. The prognosis of the incidence rate obtained by decSARIMA method was characterized by narrower confidence intervals. Reasonability of using decSARIMA models depended on composition and dynamics of time series of the incidence rate. A significant improvement in model and prediction quality was demonstrated for HFRS. When modeling and predicting the incidence rate of ARVI and syphilis, the inclusion of decomposition of time series into the analysis was considered inexpedient.Conclusion. The usage of decSARIMA model allows to significantly improve the quality of the prognosis of the incidence for infections, which are characterized by pronounced seasonality and the presence of interannual differences in the incidence rate.
Prevalence of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in the Gomel Region
Authors: Tapalski D. V. , Petrovskaya T. A. , Bonda N. A. , Kozlova A. I. , Osipkina O. V.
Published: September 2019

Aim. Within the microbiological monitoring program, to study the prevalence of carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae in the healthcare organizations of the Gomel region and assess their level of resistance to antibacterial drugs. Materials and methods. For 91 clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae with multiple antibiotic resistance, isolated in Gomel and Gomel region, carbapenemase genes were detected by real-time PCR and sensitivity to antibacterial drugs was determined. Results. 68 carbapenemase producers were revealed: KPC — 1 isolate, OXA-48 — 47 isolates, NDM — 20 isolates. Carbapenemase producers were found in 11 Gomel health organizations and 8 central district hospitals of the regional centers of the Gomel region. All of them had an associated resistance to most antibiotics and retained sensitivity to colistin (91.2% sensitive isolates) and tigecycline (98.5%). Conclusion. The spread of carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae isolates in healthcare organizations makes it very difficult to conduct effective antibiotic therapy for patients and requires the introduction of appropriate infection control measures aimed at limiting their circulation in the hospital environment.
Varicella Zoster virus infection: immunity, diagnosis and modelling in vivo
Authors: Lavrov V. F. , Svitich O. A. , Kazanova A. S. , Kinkulkina A. R. , Zverev V. V.
Published: September 2019

Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) is a highly contagious viral agent of the Herpesviridae family, which has a strict species specificity, and causes two different diseases — chickenpox, mainly in children, and herpes zoster — more often in the elderly. Obtaining additional information about the life cycle of the virus, its biology, pathogenetic features of the complications caused by it, will contribute to the emergence of more advanced methods of diagnosis and prevention, the development of new experimental approaches that allow to study the innate and adaptive mechanisms of immune protection in VZV-infection.
PENGARUH METODE INQUIRY TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIKA
Authors: Zulkarnain Ihwan
Published: September 2019

Tujuan Penelitian adalah untuk membuktikan secara empiris adanya pengaruh  metode inquiry terhadap peningkatan pemahaman konsep matematika siswa. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan metode eksperimen dengan membandingkan siswa di kelas IX-A yang melakukan pembelajaran melalui metode inquiry sebagai kelas eksperimen dan siswa di kelas XI-B yang melakukan pembelajaran melalui metode ekspositori sebagai kelas kontrol. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMP Karya Pakuan Kabupaten Bogor tahun pelajaran 2018/2019. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 60 orang siswa dengan latar belakang kurikulum yang sama tanpa cluster khusus atau kemampuan perkelas yang sama rata. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan tes evaluasi pemahaman konsep berupa test essay. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji-t. Berdasarkan perhitungan didapat thitung = 9,39 dan ttabel = 2,001 dengan taraf signifikansi 5% yang berarti nilai thitung > ttabel.Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Diterimanya H1, hal ini berarti telah membuktikan kebenaran dari hipotesis yang menyatakan bahwa pemberian metode inquiry berpengaruh terhadap pemahaman  konsep matematika siswa.
Perbandingan Penggunaan Grip Karet Dan Towel Terhadap Tingkat Kenyamanan Siswa Dalam Permainan Bulutangkis Siswa Kelas X MAN 2 Banyuwangi Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019
Authors: Farid Muhammad , Setiawan Donny , Candra Arya T
Published: September 2019

Raket merupakan alat yang digunakan pemain dalam bulutangkis. Kenyamanan raket akan mempengarui permainan seseorang sehingga mereka memilih jenis pegangan yang digunakan seperti karet dan towel. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode pengambilan data menggunakan angket untuk mengetahui tingkat kenyamanan pegangan. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah bahan pegangan raket yaitu towel dan karet. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X MAN 2 Banyuwangi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prosentase kenyaman pada pegangan raket dengan menggunakan towel sebesar 55,78% sedangkan pada pegangan raket menggunakan karet sebesar 44,22%. Berdasarkan asil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa jenis towel lebih nyaman dibandingkan jenis karet, karena jenis towel lebih nyaman dipegang dan dapat menyerap keringan. Sedangkan pada jenis karet lebih licin karena tidak dapat menyerap keringat.
Pengembangan Variasi Latihan Ladder Drill Pada Peserta Ekstrakurikuler Sepakbola Semester Ganjil SDN 1 Cluring Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019
Authors: Pradana Jefri Setya , Farhanto Galih , Setiawan Wawan
Published: September 2019

Model latihan sangat dibutuhkan oleh beberapa cabang olahraga dalam meningkatkan keterampilan atletnya. Pengembangan model latihan harus dilakukan oleh para pelatih olahraga kepada atlet agar dapat bisa bersaing dalam pertandingan yang diikuti. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan yaitu variasi latihan ladder drill. Subyek penelitian adalah peserta ekstrakurikuler SDN 1 Cluring Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Tingkat kelayakan Variasi Latihan Ladder Drill pada peserta ekstrakurikuler sepakbola tingkat sekolah dasar ini sebesar 96%. Secara keseluruhan media buku dan video variasi latihan ladder drill ini layak digunakan pada peserta ekstrakurikuler sepakbola tingkat sekolah dasar.
Compreensões de licenciandos em química sobre as interações entre ciência, tecnologia e sociedade.
Authors: München Sinara , De Tolentino Neto Luiz Caldeira Brant , Adaime Martha Bohrer
Published: September 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar a compreensão de licenciandos em química acerca das interações entre ciência, tecnologia e sociedade. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionários aplicados a 28 acadêmicos de uma universidade pública da região centro-oeste do país. Os resultados, vindos de uma adaptação do questionário VOSTS (Views of Science Technology and Society), foram analisados a partir de três categorias, denominadas Simplista, Plausível e Realista, que indicam desde visões ingênuas até compreensões mais adequadas das relações entre ciência, tecnologia e sociedade. Os resultados encontrados apontam que, embora os licenciandos conhecessem a perspectiva Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade no ensino, a partir do VOSTS encontrou-se uma diversidade de respostas, fragmentadas entre as três categorias, dentre as quais a categoria Plausível, que apresenta visões parcialmente adequadas das inter-relações entre ciência, tecnologia e sociedade, aparece de forma mais acentuada.
Carpoteca: ferramenta de ensino em botânica
Authors: Oliveira Ykaro Richard , Silva Paulo Henrique da , Deus Maria Do Socorro Meireles de , Gonçalves Nilda Masciel Neiva , Abreu Maria Carolina de
Published: September 2019

O ensino da botânica é realizado com uma abordagem tradicional provocando desinteresse nos alunos, sendo marcado ainda pela carência ou má utilização de recursos didáticos ou pouca interação entre os alunos e as plantas. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho foi confeccionar uma carpoteca com o intuito de investigar a eficiência dessa coleção botânica no processo de ensino aprendizagem acerca do estudo dos frutos. Pelo método de caminhada, foram coletados frutos no município de Picos-Piauí e com turmas do ensino médio, 60 alunos foram divididos em quatro grupos e passaram por tratamentos diferenciados mediante o desenho de Solomon. A carpoteca quando usada na escola promoveu aos alunos um maior número de acertos nos testes propostos se mostrando eficiente como material didático, pois proporcionou a manipulação das estruturas e assimilação do conteúdo devendo ser utilizada de forma complementar às aulas teóricas.
Editorial
Authors: Castilho Foggiatto Silveira Rosemari Monteiro
Published: September 2019

Editoral v. 11, n. 1
Geoilhas: o desenvolvimento de um modelo de MOOC voltado para a formação continuada de professores de ciências na educação básica
Authors: Werlang Rafhael Brum , Del Pino José Claudio
Published: September 2019

Nos últimos anos ocorreu o advento e uma ampla expansão dos cursos on-line, abertos e massivos (MOOC), que têm gerado um interesse de avaliação considerável no ensino, tanto nacional quanto internacional. Nesta investigação, apresentam-se as etapas de elaboração de um protótipo de curso nessa estrutura, denominado GeoIlhas que oferece a possibilidade de uma formação continuada de professores da Educação Básica, em conceitos fundamentais das Ciências da Terra. O curso foi desenvolvido usando a metodologia da Ilha Interdisciplinar de Racionalidade. Para a avaliação do curso, foi utilizado um questionário com cinco categorias de análise: conteúdos, características técnico-estéticas, proposta pedagógica, material de acompanhamento didático e usuários potenciais. Os resultados indicam algumas características importantes para o sucesso de um MOOC, tal como a possibilidade de uma forte interação entre os participantes do curso e a comunidade, melhor aproveitamento dos participantes com videoaulas de curta duração e gravadas em ambientes informais.
O professor e suas ações educativas no processo de alfabetização científica e tecnológica no ensino de ciências nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental
Authors: Bonfim Hanslivian Correia Cruz , Guimarães Orliney Maciel
Published: September 2019

O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi o de analisar as ações educativas desenvolvidas pelos professores que lecionam Ciências no Ciclo II do Ensino Fundamental de Curitiba, a fim de identificar se tais ações contribuem para o processo de alfabetização científica e tecnológica (ACT) dos estudantes. O presente trabalho é um recorte de uma pesquisa de mestrado, com abordagem qualitativa, e cujos dados foram constituídos mediante entrevistas com nove professores, observações de aulas, análise das diretrizes curriculares para a Educação Municipal de Curitiba e dos planos de aula dos professores. Foi utilizada a Análise Textual Discursiva de Moraes e Galiazzi (2011), para análise dos dados. Nesse artigo são discutidas duas categorias de análise: Recursos didáticos e Estratégias de Ensino. Com o estudo foi possível identificar que os professores utilizam em suas aulas diferentes recursos didáticos e estratégias de ensino, o que se considera relevante para o processo de ACT.
Editorial
Authors: Castilho Foggiatto Silveira Rosemari Monteiro
Published: September 2019

Editorial v.12, n.2
Associação espacial das taxas de crimes letais nos municípios do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Flores Felipe Dutra , Becker Kalinca Léia
Published: September 2019

A criminalidade é um problema social crescente nos estados brasileiros, com diversas implicações, inclusive, econômicas. Além dos crimes de motivação financeira, que implicam em custos de recuperação e prevenção da população e do governo, a marginalização de cidadãos e as dezenas de milhares de homicídios causam perdas de recursos humanos em potencial. A hipótese de que condições econômicas e a criminalidade estão correlacionadas é a base da teoria econômica do crime, que busca as causas empíricas da criminalidade e sua relação com outras variáveis socioeconômicas para efetivar o combate a este male. Nesse sentido, este estudo buscou uma melhor compreensão da associação espacial da taxa de crimes letais no estado gaúcho nos anos de 2003 a 2013, para que, observando os acontecimentos que relacionam-se a este fenômeno, possa-se enfrentá-lo de forma mais eficiente. Observou-se que existe uma relação espacial entre o crime dos municípios, principalmente na Região Metropolitana, e áreas mais propensas a sua ocorrência, como a região litorânea e de fronteira.
Análise de sobras em uma empresa fornecedora de refeições transportadas na cidade de Ponta Grossa-PR
Authors: Milane Nayara Cristina , Leite Damaris Beraldi Godoy
Published: September 2019

O desperdício de alimentos nas Unidades de Alimentação e Nutrição (UAN) é um problema que merece atenção, pois está relacionado a questões econômicas, sociais e ambientais. O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar as sobras de alimentos em uma empresa fornecedora de refeições transportadas no município de Ponta Grossa-PR. Para o desenvolvimento deste, analisou-se as sobras limpas do almoço durante sete dias. Os alimentos foram pesados crus e o rendimento final foi baseado em fatores de cocção expressos na literatura. Verificou-se que o desperdício de alimentos na unidade é significante, demonstrando uma média de 120,46 Kg/dia somente no almoço. Considerando o número de refeições servidas, as sobras foram iguais a 10,9 g por pessoa, estando dentro das recomendações literárias; Mas vale ressaltar que devido ao extenso volume de refeições produzidas, as sobras poderiam ser menores, uma vez que ao fim do mês representa despesas que poderiam ser minimizadas com planejamento. Conclui-se que a padronização de utensílios auxiliaria no porcionamento final das refeições, fazendo com que o número de sobras em decorrência de porções inadequadas fosse reduzido. Além disso, ressalta a importância da padronização de per capitas, elaboração de fichas técnicas e treinamento da equipe de manipuladores.
Uso do SIG como suporte à definição da localização de pontos de entrega voluntária de resíduos de construção e demolição
Authors: Geus Lúcio Marcos de , De Moura Edilberto Nunes , Garcias Carlos Mello
Published: September 2019

Os resíduos de construção e demolição (RCD) representam a maior parcela dos resíduos sólidos urbanos (BRASIL, 2010). No Brasil, a Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS), prevê a implantação de Pontos de Entrega Voluntária (PEV) em todos os municípios para atender pequenos geradores de resíduos (BRASIL, 2010). Este artigo tem como objetivo propor um modelo de apoio à definição da localização dos PEV nos municípios. O trabalho partiu da aplicação de questionário Delphi a um grupo de especialistas no tema. Com os resultados, foram definidas a quantidade necessária e as variáveis utilizadas para sua localização. O modelo foi criado com o auxílio de um Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG). O resultado foi um mapa de localização da rede de PEV distribuída na área urbana do município de Ponta Grossa, Paraná. O modelo se mostrou eficiente, pois utiliza dados espaciais de fácil acesso, tecnologia consolidada e aplicação simples, podendo ser empregado em outros municípios do país.
Blog educacional: descritores no mestrado profissional em ensino na saúde (MPES)
Authors: Malta Rocha Lidianne Mercia Barbosa , Ferreira Andréa Marques Vanderley , Fonseca Vieira Maria de Lourdes
Published: September 2019

As novas tecnologias, através de meios eletrônicos e atividades interativas de leitura, escrita e interpretação, o que inclui o blog, traduzem mudanças, tratando as mídias e suas ferramentas de acesso e utilização como instrumentos inovadores de ensino e, possibilitando à docência a dinamicidade necessária à construção de novos conhecimentos. O objetivo desse estudo foi criar um blog como recurso educacional para orientar professores e alunos quanto ao uso adequado dos termos finalizadores de resumos de trabalhos acadêmicos. A experiência demonstrou que contendo material didático com informações educativas, foi elaborado na plataforma gratuita de blogs ‘blogger.com’, de forma interativa e dinâmica, um blog educacional ‘Descritores na Produção Científica do MPES’, como produto técnico de intervenção a ser implementado ao Trabalho Acadêmico de Conclusão de Curso de Mestrado Profissional de Ensino em Saúde (MPES). Em virtude do Blogger operar dentro dos servidores do Google, optou-se por essa plataforma devido a vasta escalabilidade que a mesma atinge, além da facilidade de manuseio da ferramenta. A estratégia de divulgação ocorreu junto ao público alvo interessado no tema (Profissionais, docentes, preceptores, tutores e discentes de graduação e pós-graduação de cursos da área da saúde e da educação), através de redes sociais e e-mails pessoais e institucionais. De linguagem fácil, clara e objetiva, o link do blog (http://descritoresmpesufal.blogspot.com.br/) foi inserido nos sites oficiais da Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) e de uma disciplina de conteúdo tecnológico. Os resultados mostraram que o blog foi criado em 12 de agosto de 2016. Até a presente data foram registradas 632 visualizações, com acesso do público brasileiro, francês e norte-americano. Espera-se que as informações sejam visualizadas por professores (preceptores e tutores, inclusive) e alunos, oferecendo a esses usuários um recurso didático como opção adequada de mídia interativa, que desperte para a importância dos termos finalizadores dos resumos (palavras-chave e descritores), representativos dos conteúdos dos trabalhos nos quais se inserem, bem como para a necessidade de usá-los corretamente na indexação das pesquisas científicas desenvolvidas. O blog é de fato uma página interativa, ordenada cronologicamente com atualizações periódicas, mostrando uma dinamicidade maior que o site, este mais estático em relação às alterações que possa vir a sofrer. Sua escolha, como produto de intervenção, facilita o aprendizado e a docência, usando a ciência e a tecnologia, através da interatividade e da comunicação virtual como caminhos de aprendizado e pesquisa, na construção de trabalhos acadêmicos consolidados e preparados para divulgação científica.
Epigenetic targets for therapeutic approaches in COPD and asthma. Nutrigenomics – possible or illusive
Authors: Cherneva Radostina V. , Kostadinov Dimitar
Published: September 2019

Oxidative stress generated by cigarette smoking, environmental pollution, or other noxious particles leads to epigenetic changes in the cells of the respiratory tract. They reflect cell adaptation in response to chronic exposure to external factors. Although there is no change in the genetic code, epigenetic changes may be heritable and translated from one generation to another, accumulating abnormalities and rendering cells into entirely different phenotype, causing disease. DNA methylation, post-translation histone modification, ubiquitination, sumoylation and miRNA transcriptional regulation are the major processes that are responsible for the epigenetic control of gene expression. All of them are reversible. They can be regulated by targeting specific enzymes/proteins involved in the process in order to mitigate inflammation. Chronic respiratory diseases have epigenetic signatures that affect gene expression in the lung. Targeting them provides the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in respiratory medicine. Nutrigenomics reveals the beneficial effect of natural phytochemicals, affecting key steps in the signaling pathways of chronic respiratory diseases.