bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examining the Impact of Smartphone Dependency on Anxiety and Depression Symptoms Among Individuals Aged 25-35 Years Old: A Quantitative Study
Authors: Seifert Rachel Anne , Avena Nicole , Rabas Audrey , Domingo Aldwin
Published: December 2024

Nomophobia is characterized by a pervasive anxiety experienced when an individual is separated from their smartphones. Prior research has documented the prevalence of nomophobia along with the impact of nomophobia in both anxiety and depression for samples of college or university aged individuals. In contrast, there is only scarce or emerging research on the prevalence and mental health impact (anxiety and depression) of smartphone dependency among adults aged between 25 and 35 years old in the year 2020. The target age of participants for this quantitative study was chosen because they would have been the early adopters of smartphones when smartphones were initially available for the general population use starting in 2007. This research study showed that 64% of the sample of 25 and 35 years old participants had a diagnosable level of Nomophobia. Moreover, this research study showed that corresponding increases in self-reported Nomophobia scores among 24-35 year old participants had a corresponding increase in both their self-reported anxiety and depression scores. The research study concludes by proposing further longitudinal research on the effects of Nomophobia, further examination of the causal relation between the variables examined in this study, and recommending educational policies that encourage digital balance for using smartphone use among 24-35 year olds.
Inversion method of organic matter content of different types of soils in black soil area based on hyperspectral indices
Authors: Lin Nan , Liu Yanlong , Liu Qiang , Jiang Ranzhe , Ma Xunhu
Published: December 2024

Soil organic matter content (SOMC) is a key factor in improving the soil fertility of arable land. Determining how to quickly and accurately grasp SOMC on a regional scale has become an important task for farmland quality monitoring. Hyperspectral imaging remote sensing technology can enable large-scale SOMC estimation, owing to its large-scale and fine spectral resolution. Enhancing the accuracy and reliability of SOM estimation models based on hyperspectral satellite remote sensing has emerged as a prominent topic of study. In this study, feature spectral indices such as difference indices (DI), ratio indices, and normalized indices were extracted using the correlation coefficient method and used as variables to construct a regression model for SOM, with a split-sample regression method employed to account for the complexity of soil types and map the corresponding spatial distribution of SOM. The results showed that the SOM estimation model, built using these feature spectral indices from hyperspectral satellite imagery, achieved high predictive accuracy, with R² values approaching 0.80 for most soil types. This demonstrates that the model effectively captures variations in SOM content across diverse soil backgrounds, highlighting its robustness and adaptability. The DI499/576 combinations, in particular, contributed significantly to prediction accuracy, demonstrating their importance as key spectral parameters for SOM estimation. Furthermore, among the three sets of feature model variables derived from the split-sample regression strategy, the enhanced vegetation indices and Soil-Adjusted Total Vegetation Index exhibited distinct contributions to different soil sample groups. This variation reveals the specific responsiveness of these indices to soil properties, which further enhances model performance in varied soil contexts. This study provides innovative methods for large-scale SOMC estimation, particularly by utilizing hyperspectral indices to enhance model accuracy across various soil types, demonstrating substantial practical significance.
Request for confirmation sequences in Czech
Authors: Oloff Florence
Published: December 2024

This article provides a first description of request for confirmation (RfC) sequences in spoken Czech. Based on 204 sequences from video-recorded ordinary conversations, it provides a quantitative overview of the main syntactic, lexical, prosodic and sequential features of both requests for confirmation and their responses. RfCs in Czech are typically of declarative clausal format, realized in positive polarity, and receive a confirmation. The epistemic asymmetry between the speaker of the RfC and their interlocutor seems to be mainly expressed and negotiated by a complex taxonomy of tags appended to the confirmable, response tokens, and syntactically non-minimal responses. These features represent promising topics for future, more qualitatively oriented investigations of RfCs in spoken Czech.
Social support in obsessive-compulsive disorder: The relationships between social support and readiness to change
Authors: King Kyle , Zaboski Brian A.
Published: December 2024

Social support is widely beneficial for individuals suffering from mental health disorders. Preliminary work suggests that it is influential in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), but no studies have investigated the importance of social support as it relates to readiness to change (RTC, a relevant variable in treatment-seeking populations. The present study aimed to investigate this relationship as well as broadly characterize support-seeking experiences in those with OCD. Results indicated that, on average, participants with OCD have positive experiences of sharing their symptoms, that others tend to react well to such sharing, and sharing tends to positively affect one's relationship to their diagnosis. We further found that subjective experience of sharing symptoms and internalized stigma moderately predicts RTC. This study suggests nonprofessional social support may be a practical and impactful adjunct to OCD treatment by influencing motivation to change, though future work is needed to validate this pilot study.
The association of parental phubbing behavior with digital game use in preschool children
Authors: Gavcar Erdal Görkem , Buber Ahmet , Senol Hande
Published: December 2024

The term “phubbing” is a combination of the words “phone” and “snubbing” and is explained as preferring the virtual environment to real communication by engaging with a smartphone during social interaction. Our study included 191 children aged 3–6 attending preschool education. The parents of the children were contacted via an online survey to provide information about their sociodemographic, general phubbing, digital game addiction tendencies, and social skills scale scores. The results showed a positive correlation between parental phubbing level and children's digital game addiction tendencies. Furthermore, the regression analysis revealed that parental phubbing was an increasing factor in children's tendency toward digital game addiction and a decreasing factor in children's social skill levels. In addition, we found that children's social skills may play a mediating role in the relationship between parental phubbing level and digital game addiction tendencies. Understanding the effects of parents' phubbing behaviors on children can help raise awareness and take measures to improve parent-child relationships.
ÇİRKİNİN ESTETİĞİ BAĞLAMINDA ÇİFT KAHRAMANLI AŞK MESNEVİLERİNDE ÇİRKİN TİPLER
Authors: Yiğit Süleyman , Tanç Nilüfer
Published: December 2024

Klasik Türk edebiyatının temel tip ve motiflerinin belirlenmesi ve bunların mukayeseli edebiyat araştırmalarında görünür olması, gün geçtikçe önem kazanan “dijital sosyal bilimler” alanında “büyük veri”ye dâhil edilebilmesi için anlatma esasına bağlı metinlerinden olan mesnevilerin incelenmesine ihtiyaç vardır. Bu alanda yürütülen sınırlı sayıdaki tip ve motif çalışmasında ise genellikle divanlar odağa alınmış ve çoğunlukla “sevgili, âşık, rakip, rind, zahid ve derviş” tipleri araştırılmıştır. Bu incelemenin daha önce çokça araştırılan olumlu bir tipe değil de olumsuz özellikleriyle kurguda yer alan karşıt kahramanlara odaklanması, geleneksel anlatıların karşıt/diğer/öteki olanı nasıl konumlandırdığını gösterecek; güzel, hoş, yüce yanında çirkin, ürkütücü, bayağı gibi estetik değerlerin de ortaya konularak klasik Türk edebiyatı estetiğinin bütüncül bir bakış açısıyla kavranmasını sağlayacaktır. Bu çalışmada verilerinin toplanması için 96 çift kahramanlı aşk mesnevisine ulaşılarak taranmış, 61’inde çirkin tipi kapsamında değerlendirilebilecek olumsuz/karşıt kahraman tespit edilmiştir. Bu olumsuz kahramanlar anlatıdaki rol ve işlevleri açısından tasnif edildiğinde 11 farklı tipe ulaşılmış, bu tiplerin dış görünüş ve karakter özellikleri ayrıntılı bir biçimde ortaya konulmuştur.
Analysis of Issues of Strategic Management of Small Businesses for the Purposes of Sustainable Development
Authors:   Odesа Polytechnic National University, Filippov Volodymyr , Neykov Sergey ,   Odesa Institute of Entrepreneurship and Law, Yangulov Elvin ,   Odesа Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2024

The article provides a detailed analysis of the challenges and opportunities associated with the strategic management of small
businesses in the context of sustainable development. It examines how modern global trends, such as globalization, digitalization,
and the ongoing war in Ukraine, create complex and often uncertain conditions for small enterprises, requiring innovative and
adaptive management approaches. One of the central aspects of the article is the integration of sustainable development principles
into the framework of strategic management. The authors analyze the application of the Triple Bottom Line (TBL) concept, which
advocates a balanced approach that considers economic, environmental, and social factors. Additionally, the Balanced Scorecard
model is explored as a tool for evaluating performance through both financial and non-financial metrics, ensuring a holistic
approach to achieving organizational goals. The article emphasizes the specific challenges faced by small businesses compared to
large corporations. Despite these difficulties, the article highlights the potential of small businesses to leverage their flexibility and
adaptability to implement innovative solutions.
The Impact of Modern Innovative Technologies on the Development of Digital Marketing
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute", Gavrysh Iuliia , Shcherbatiuk Iryna ,   National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute"
Published: December 2024

The article analyses the impact of modern innovative
technologies, in particular artificial intelligence, on the development
of digital marketing. The main emphasis is placed on the importance
of artificial intelligence as a key success of marketing strategies. It is
proved that artificial intelligence allows for more accurate analytics,
personalized approaches and automated processes. The author
examines the variety of applications of artificial intelligence in
digital marketing, including consumer recommendations, chatbots,
automatic trend detection, and other tools that help companies better
understand the needs of their consumers. The article examines the
legal aspects related to the use of artificial intelligence in digital
marketing. The importance of a careful approach to data privacy,
copyright, and ethical responsibility is emphasized.
A Project Approach to the Management of Tools for Monitoring and Control of Socio-Economic Development of the Community
Authors:   Odesа Polytechnic National University, Kulinska Anzhela
Published: December 2024

The analysis of communities in the country indicates
problems with development on a resource, organizational,
economic and management basis. In order to increase the
stability of the economy and the social sphere, to ensure the
development of communities, an adequate policy is necessary. In
such conditions, one of the tools for solving regional problems is
a project approach, because goal-orientedness and the art of
directing activity towards its achievement are some of the
characteristics of this management. Therefore, a project
approach to the formation of tools for monitoring and controlling
the socio-economic development of the region is proposed, as it
is a management technology aimed at organizing and managing
a large number of works performed by a large number of
specialists to create a product.
SERVITUS IN FACIENDO CONSISTERE NEQUIT VE SERVITUS ONERIS FERENDI DEĞERLENDİRMESİ
Authors: Tahan Orhan Duygu
Published: December 2024

Romalı Hukukçular, sınırlı ayni haklara ilişkin olarak birtakım genel ilkeler geliştirmişlerdir. Nemini res sua servit, kimsenin kendi eşyası üzerinde sınırlı ayni hak sahibi olamayacağını ifade eden ilkedir. Servitus servitutis esse non potest, bir irtifakın başka bir irtifakın konusunu teşkil edemeyeceği anlamına gelir. Servititus civiliter exercenda est ilkesine göre, bir irtifak hakkının kullanılırken, yükümlü taşınmazın malikine en az rahatsızlık verecek yok tercih edilmelidir. Benzer şekilde, servititus civiliter utendum est ilkesine göre, bir kişi, sınırlı ayni hakkını kullanırken, eşyanın malikinin menfaatini gözeterek, eşyaya zarar vermekten kaçınmalıdır. Servitus in faciendo connsistere nequit ilkesine göre ise, yükümlü taşınmaz maliki, irtifak hakkının kullanılması kapsamında yalnızca katlanma ya da yapmama yükümlülüğü altına sokulabilir. Ancak servitus oneris ferendi, yükümlü taşınmaz malikine, dayanılan duvarı bakımlı tutma yükümlülüğü getirmektedir. Bu durumun ilkenin bir istisnasını oluşturup oluşturmadığı doktrinde tartışmalıdır. Bu çalışma ile, servitus in faciendo consistere nequit ilkesi karşısında servitus oneris ferendinin durumunun değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
T﻿he Novel “Demons” by Dostoevsky: Draft Autograph and Printed Text
Authors: Tarasova Natalia
Published: December 2024

The article is a continuation of the textual work on the study of the draft autograph of the novel “Demons” by F. M. Dostoevsky, which began in previous years. It analyzes the specified manuscript in two ways: 1) as an independent handwritten source, which has not yet been published in full and has not received a detailed textual commentary; 2) as a source of the text of the novel “Demons.” The study of the draft autograph is of great interest, as it allows comparing it with the printed sources of the text, analyze the features of the author’s work on the novel’s idea, establish both creative and non-creative (not the author’s) changes in the text, get new information about the creative history of the novel. The draft autograph of the novel “Demons” is one of the most difficult texts in the writer’s creative legacy in terms of handwriting. Separate fragments of this manuscript were published by A. S. Dolinin in 1924 and B. V. Tomashevsky in 1935, and its main part is presented in the form of variants of the novel’s printed text in the first academic Complete Collection of Dostoevsky’s Works. The appeal to the draft autograph made it possible to formulate the main textual problems that arise at this stage of Dostoevsky’s creative process. During the study of the manuscript, inaccuracies of its reading by the publishers were established, including errors affecting the meaning of the author’s text. In addition, the draft autograph is considered in the article as a source of printed text and in relation to the material of lifetime editions of “Demons,” which made it possible to identify the most problematic places in the textual analysis of the novel’s handwritten and printed sources.
Patterns of constrained particle settling in water mineral suspensions of different densities
Authors:   M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Shevchenko Heorhii , Cholyshkina Valentyna ,   M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kurilov Vladyslav ,   M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lipska Halyna ,   M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Havrosh Oleksandr ,   M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: December 2024

The settling velocity of particles in mineral suspensions is a crucial parameter for calculating the design of various hydraulic devices and equipment used for mineral pulp benefication. In studies of gravity separation of heterogeneous particles by settling, the determination of mass settling velocity, the influence of suspension density on the process, and the applicability of classical hydrodynamics laws remain the least explored aspects. Often, free settling conditions are used for calculating hydraulic separation processes, but this introduces significant error in the velocity magnitude, as, in practice, the process occurs under constrained conditions. The purpose of this work was to analyze the patterns of constrained settling using the example of coal particle settling in fly ash suspensions from thermal power plants. The article employs an original method for calculating the characteristics of suspensions and the velocity of constrained settling depending on the density. Experimental data on the mass settling velocity of natural fly ash are presented, which indicate the order of velocities and give grounds for the velocity calculation. Given the fine particle size of the ash, the main focus was on the settling of fine coal in the ash. The analysis covered a database in which the characteristics of suspensions and the velocity of constrained coal settling were determined by varying the density of the ash suspension from 1.05 g/cm³ to 1.3 g/cm³ and the size of the settling coal from 0.01 mm to 4 mm. The database was analyzed using the Reynolds number and the applicability of Stokes' law and Lyashenko's law. It was found that the more dilute is the suspension, the smaller is the particle size that follows Stokes' law, and the smaller is the range of particle sizes that Stokes' law covers, and vice versa. For fine coal fractions of 0.001–0.1 mm, the numerical coefficient in Stokes' law decreases according to an inverse power law depending on the pulp density. The ratio of free to constrained settling velocities decreases according to a power law, similar to Lyashenko's law for porosity. The conducted research expands scientific understanding of the processes of constrained settling, facilitates engineering calculations when designing hydraulic devices, and optimizes their operational modes.
Principles of choosing a ventilation mode that reduces the risk of the development of an aerological emergency (on the example of a methane explosion)
Authors:   M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kokoulin Ivan , Sapunova Iryna ,   M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: December 2024

There are no methods for assessing all parameters of methane explosion when it is in the process, so there is a high risk of untimely undertaking of measures to prevent and eliminate the explosion. In addition, the sensors for measuring parameters of the mine atmosphere included in the existing control systems do not control the lower limit of the explosive concentration of methane.
The purpose and tasks of the research are formulated. The methods by which these problems will be solved are determined.
The concept of direct and indirect emergency risk factors is formulated. Namely: the direct factors of the risk of a methane explosion are the probability of an emergency occurrence and the material damage caused by it. Indirect factors are characteristics of the emergency that can be predicted or calculated during its development. Direct factors for calculating the risk of an event are not suitable for assessing the risk of an explosion, as they cannot be determined in advance. Standard methods of risk assessment are not always sufficiently justified (it is difficult to explain to the average user the difference in the probability of danger of 10-6 and 10-5 - both are simply small), while methane accumulation, erroneous actions of the operator, etc. will be much clearer. That is, the use of indirect risk factors is more justified.
The requirements are formulated to which ventilation regime must satisfy during the elimination of an exogenous fire, which is dangerous due to the complication of a methane explosion.
A technique for optimizing the emergency ventilation mode suitable for use in these conditions is presented, and some aspects of its use are discussed. Having formulated the problem in a precise mathematical formulation, that is, having chosen a functional for minimization and having described the requirements for their solution in the form of constraints, it is possible to obtain, using a personal computer, the values of air-gas distribution during the period of explosion elimination, which satisfy the requirements of the Safety Rules in coal mines, which in the same time feasible with the main ventilation fans existing in the mine. However, it is not always possible to get a solution. For the final solution of the problem, it is necessary to involve other methods and means of ventilation control (ventilation doors, local ventilation fans, etc.).
Combined purification of coal mine methane and mine water by the gas hydrate method to produce hydrogen
Authors: Shevchenko Volodymyr , Mukhachev Anatolii , Yelatontsev Dmytro , Luts Ihor , Zezekalo Ivan , Pedchenko Mykhailo , Belikov Ihor
Published: December 2024

This study demonstrates the technology of the combined purification of mine water and mine methane through the utilization of gas hydrates; purified methane is to be subjected to plasma pyrolysis. Given the considerable variability in the flow rate and concentration of methane, the objective was to identify a viable methodology for the utilisation of mine gas wherein the volumetric quantity and component composition of the gas would not be restrictive parameters. The proposed approach involves the transformation of coal mine gas into a hydrated form. The combination of a coal mine methane-air mixture with mine water to form hydrated gas facilitates the dual objectives of utilizing coal mine gas and desalinating mine water within a single technological process, thereby yielding pure methane, drinking water, and dry salts as final products. Collectively, these advancements enable the generation of new beneficial products, promote the comprehensive development of coal deposit resources, and markedly mitigate the deleterious effects on the environment. A chemical analysis of mine water was conducted, revealing significant mineralization levels that categorize the mine water as saline and underscore the imperative for desalination. The properties and chemical composition of mine methane gas taken from surface degassing wells were analysed. The analytical data indicate that the composition of coal mine methane is close to natural gas, with notable homologues including ethane and propane. The gas mixture is also characterized by the presence of nitrogen (1.69–4.65%), as well as lesser quantities of oxygen (0.08–0.29%) and carbon dioxide (0.19–0.40%). Further analysis of the data reveals fluctuations in methane concentration under varying operational conditions of the wells throughout their functional lifespan. The extracted methane is optimally suited for utilization as a precursor in the generation of what is termed ‘turquoise’ hydrogen, applying the technology of steam-plasma pyrolysis. We delineate various strategies and methodologies that could be employed to harness substantial volumes of mine water and gas from coal deposits for the production of hydrogen fuel, desalinated water, and technical salts as resultant products. The resultant water, possessing adequate quality, is anticipated to avert the contamination of aquatic ecosystems with dissolved mineral salts. Potential beneficiaries of the combined processing technology of mineralized mine water may encompass coal enterprises, joint-stock companies, and, in the foreseeable future, entities within other extractive industries.
ISOTOPIC GEOCHRONOLOGY OF GRANITOIDS OF THE KROPYVNYTSKYI COMPLEX, USING THE LOZUVAT QUARRY AS AN EXAMPLE
Authors:   M.P. Semenenko Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Ore Formation of the NAS of Ukraine, Stepanyuk L.M. , Vysotsky O.B. ,   M.P. Semenenko Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Ore Formation of the NAS of Ukraine, Baran A.M. ,   M.P. Semenenko Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Ore Formation of the NAS of Ukraine, Kovtun O.V. ,   M.P. Semenenko Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Ore Formation of the NAS of Ukraine, Dovbush T.I. ,   M.P. Semenenko Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Ore Formation of the NAS of Ukraine, Kovalenko N.O. ,   M.P. Semenenko Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Ore Formation of the NAS of Ukraine, Kotvitska I.M. ,   M.P. Semenenko Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Ore Formation of the NAS of Ukraine
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of the study of uneven-grained granite (sample 14/23), pegmatoid granite (sample 15/23) and pyroxene plagiogneiss (sample 16/23), exposed in the abandoned quarry of Lozuvatka, and also determined the isotopic age of these rocks based on monazite. For uneven-grained granite (sample 14/23), almost concordant age values were obtained, the discordance is in the range from –1.6 to –3.8, while the age, according to the 207Pb/206Pb ratio, ranges from 2022.8 Ma to 2014, 6 Ma. The smallest age was obtained for the smallest fractions. Taking into account the slight discordance, the weighted average value of the age according to the 207Pb/206Pb isotopic ratio was calculated — 2018.4 ± 6.9 Ma, which corresponds to the time of formation of the youngest granites of the Kropyvnytskyi complex. For the pegmatoid granite (sample 15/23), an age of 2037.5 ± 2.2 Ma was obtained by the upper intersection of the concordia by the regression line calculated from the obtained data, which is in good agreement with the time of intrusion of the granites of the Kropyvnytskyi complex. Accordingly, granitoid magmatism in the crystalline rocks of the Lozuvat area lasted about 20 million years in the age interval of 2.02—2.04 Ga ago. In order to find out the source of the parent granite melts, the anatomy of zircon crystals from the mentioned granite samples, as well as from pyroxene plagiogneiss (sample 16/23), for which the isotopic composition of strontium in apatite was also determined, was studied. Pyroxene plagiogneisses were formed due to crustal matter (87Sr/86Sr = 0.70703 ± 0.00004), sedimentary (volcanogenic-sedimentary) nature, at the same time they were not a substrate for granites.
Oxidative dehydrogenation of propane with the participation of mild oxidants (N2O and СО2) on metal(oxide)-zeolite catalysts
Authors:   L.V. Pisarzhevskii Institute of Physical Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 31 Prosp. Nauky, Kyiv, 03028, Ukraine, Chedryk V.I. , Boichuk T.M. , Kurmach M.M. , Yaremov P.S. , Kapran A.Yu. , Orlyk S.M.
Published: December 2024

The paper presents the results of the study of textural and acidic characteristics of metal (oxide)-zeolite compositions M-BEA (MTW, MOR, ZSM-5) (М = Ga, Fe, Co, In) and their influence on catalytic properties in the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane to propylene with the participation of CO2 and N2O/ODP-СО2 (N2O). The ODP-N2O process was investigated on indium-, cobalt-, and iron-oxide compositions based on zeolites of structural types BEA, MOR, and ZSM-5 (H-form). The best indices of propylene production were achieved on the sample 10 %Fe2O3/HZSM-5 at the temperature 400 °С: the selectivity of formation and yield of propylene are SС3Н6 = 40 % and YС3Н6 = 21 % at the conversion of С3Н8 – 53 % and N2O – 85 %. In the ODP-СО2 process, among the samples of gallium-containing zeolites of the MTW, BEA, and MOR structure (for the Si/Ga ratio = 15-24), higher indices of selectivity are 70 % and propylene yield – 26 % (at XC3H8 = 37.5 %, 600 °С), were achieved on the Ga5.0MTW catalyst (Si/Ga = 24), which is characterized by a developed mesoporous structure, the largest surface (SBET = 585 m2/g) and the highest concentration of weak, medium and strong acid Lewis sites (according to the FTIR-Py data).
Activation of the industrial copper-zinc-aluminum catalyst for the production of methanol
Authors:   V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 50 Kharkivske shausse, Kyiv, 02160, Ukraine, Khimach N.Y. , Melnykova S.L. , Filonenko M.M. ,   National Pedagogical Dragomanov University 9 Pyrohova Str., Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine, Yevdokymenko V.О. ,   V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 50 Kharkivske shausse, Kyiv, 02160, Ukraine
Published: December 2024

It was first established the influence of mechanochemical activation of copper-zinc-alumina oxide catalyst on the structure and morphology of its surface, mechanism, and principles of carbon oxides hydrogenation reaction within a wide temperature range at atmospheric pressure. Catalytic investigations were carried out in the laboratory unit with a gradient-free catalytic vibroreactor. It was revealed that mechanochemical treatment of copper-zinc-aluminum oxide catalyst before catalysis can reduce reaction initiation temperature and optimum temperature synthesis by 20-30 °C. At the same time, pre-machining of the catalyst provides increase its productivity by 50 % in comparison with the granulated catalyst. It was established that only effective additive of the powdered catalyst can be subjected to in situ mechanochemical activated. Investigation of the in situ catalyst’s activity depending on the frequency of physical percussion showed that an optimal vibration of reactor corresponded to the frequency 5 Hz. At this frequency, the catalyst productivity per mass unit of the effective catalyst addition introduced into the reactor was 47 mmol СН3ОН/(gcat·h) at temperature 220 °C and under the pressure 0.1 MPa. This two and a half times more than the value obtained at the industrial conditions at 240 °C and 9.0 MPa (January – May 2001, “Alvigo” company, Severodonetsk city, Ukraine). Total catalyst’s productivity under the frequency of vibration reactor 5 Hz is 4.5 mg СН3ОН/(gcаt·h). This is 2-3 times greater than the corresponding data for the granulated catalyst in a static mode. The increase of the catalyst activity under mechanical stress is explored by the increase of concentration defects of a crystal lattice of the catalyst. A new effective method for synthesis gas conversion into the methanol under conditions of mechanochemical activation of the catalyst can be used in industry as an alternative to methanol production at high pressures.
Catalytic Oxidation of Aromatic Aldehydes on Se-Modified Microgels
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University 12 S. Bandera Str., Lviv, 79013, Ukraine, Pavliuk A.S. , Ivasiv V.V. , Nebesnyi R.V.
Published: December 2024

The aim of this work is to investigate the catalytic activity of Se-modified microgels in the heterogeneous oxidation of aromatic aldehydes. The study tested heterogeneous systems with organic solvent-to-water volume ratios of 1 : 4, 1 : 1, and 4 : 1. The dependence of benzoic acid yield on reaction temperature was examined across a range from 20 °C to 60 °C. It was established that the synthesized selenium-modified microgel catalysts with a 3D polymer structure enable a benzoic acid yield of 87.0 % (with selectivity of 89.4 %) in the heterogeneous oxidation of benzaldehyde with hydrogen peroxide, at a benzene-to-water ratio of 1 : 1 and a reaction temperature of 50 °C. The catalytic oxidation processes of several aromatic aldehydes – benzaldehyde, cinnamaldehyde, anisaldehyde, and veratraldehyde – were studied in a biphasic organic solvent/water system. The oxidation of aromatic aldehydes resulted in valuable products for the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, including aromatic acids, mequinol, hydrocoumarin, and 3,4-dimethoxyphenol. The synthesized Se-containing microgel catalysts enable mild process conditions, high yields, and high selectivity, which enhance process efficiency, reduce environmental impact, and improve the quality of the final product.
My way in catalysis
Authors:   L.V. Pisarzhevskii Institute of Physical Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 31 Prosp. Nauky, Kyiv, 03028, Ukraine, Pyatnitsky Yu.I.
Published: December 2024

In this paper, I attempt to summarize my research in heterogeneous, heterogeneous-homogeneous, and homogeneous catalysis and memories of events that have influenced my worldview. Among the reactions that have been investigated are the following: ammonia synthesis and decomposition, hydrogen oxidation, selective oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons, oxidation of CO and CO-NO mixtures, CO hydrogenation including Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, oxidative coupling of methane, conversion of ethanol to hydrogen and C2-C4 olefins. A rapid isotopic exchange between gaseous ammonia and nitrogen adsorbed on an iron catalyst has been established. This is direct evidence of nitrogen adsorption as a limiting stage of the ammonia synthesis reaction. It has been experimentally substantiated that nitrogen adsorption is described by an isotherm known as the Temkin isotherm. Consistent evidence has been obtained that the hydrogen oxidation reaction on the V2O5 and V2O5-MoO3 catalysts occurs under certain conditions by a heterogeneous homogeneous mechanism. For the first time, a kinetic model was proposed for this type of catalysis based on a detailed mechanism of heterogeneous oxidation of hydrogen on oxide catalysts. The mechanism and kinetic model of selective oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons on oxide catalysts are proposed. They have been successfully applied to explain experimental data. A new type of catalyst for the oxidation of o-xylene to phthalic anhydride has been found - activated carbons, which combine high selectivity with significant overall activity. A non-trivial mechanism of the effect of sulfur dioxide on the kinetics of oxidation of CO on platinum metals was proposed. An amazing fact was revealed: in the presence of a platinum or palladium catalyst, due to the transition to a heterogeneous-homogeneous mode, the reaction proceeds at a high speed even at room temperature. To explain the effect found, it was first suggested that the catalyst could not only initiate a chain process, but also participate in the branching of chains. The proposed reaction scheme also made it possible to explain the presence of two stationary process modes under the same external conditions. Various types of kinetic oscillators have been proposed, including the simplest in heterogeneous catalysis oscillators. The foundations of the method of competing reactions in heterogeneous catalysis are significantly developed. It has been shown theoretically and experimentally that under certain conditions one of the reactions can accelerate the other. Another non-trivial effect of the mutual influence of competing reactions was the strong inhibition of one reaction by another, even when the surface coverage of adsorbed compounds is negligible. New competitive catalysts for steam reforming of ethanol (PRE) into hydrogen have been found.

Unconsciously in my work, I tried to follow Albert Einstein’s advice: “We must make things as simple as possible – but not simpler.”
CATALOG OF FAINT STARS AS AN INTERNATIONAL PROJECT AND THE PARTICIPATION OF UKRAINIAN OBSERVATORIES IN ITS REALISATION
Authors:   Main astronomical observatory of NAS of Ukraine, Artemenko T. G.
Published: December 2024

Some results of the international astrometric program “Catalog of the faint stars (KSZ)” and the role of the astronomical obser-
vatories of Ukraine are discussed. The KSZ program aimed to make the astrometric binding of faint stars to galaxies to provide
the possibility of deriving the absolute proper motions of the stars and the inertial coordinate system without dependence on the
motions of the stars in our Galaxy. Proper motions related to the galaxies make it possible to determine the systematic errors
of fundamental catalogs, independently obtain the precession constant, and also clarify the stellar-kinematic parameters of the
Galaxy. The KSZ program influenced significantly such projects as AGK3R (Northern Reference Stars) and SRS (Southern
Reference Stars) – all stars of KSZ were included in the AGK3R list, and the SRS list of stars was compiled according to KSZ
criteria. The stages of work on the project, both within the observatories of the former USSR and in the international part, are
described, namely, the creation of a general fundamental catalog of the KSZ and photographic observations of sky fields with
fundamental stars and galaxies. The results of the Pulkovo and Liсk programs are shown. After the completion of the Hipparcos
space project, the history of astronomy was divided into two periods: before the launch of the satellite and after it. Some of the
astrometric catalogs and programs, including the Faint Star Catalog program, have lost their relevance and currently represent
only historical interest
Comparative Analysis of Phraseological Units with Somatic Components in the Erzya and Finnish Languages
Authors: Mosina Natalya M. , Karpunina Ekaterina D.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The article considers a comparative study of somatic elements within phraseological units in two distantly related languages, Erzya and Finnish, aiming to identify common features and distinctive characteristics in their semantics. The relevance of this research lies in the need to explore the relationship between linguistic systems and the influence of somatic imagery on the formation of phraseological expressions. Studying somatic phraseological units significantly contributes to understanding the mindset and worldview of the peoples, as well as the linguistic and cultural connections between them. The article analyzes phraseological constructions containing somatic lexemes in the two distantly related languages (Erzya and Finnish), focusing on their functioning in the context of cultural identity and interaction. However, the material under study remains insufficiently explored from a comparative perspective. The objective of this research is to uncover the similarities, differences, and linguocultural aspects of phraseological units with somatic vocabulary in Erzya and Finnish.
Materials and Methods. The research material consisted of idioms and proverbs extracted from phraseological dictionaries, collections, and educational resources on the Erzya and Finnish languages. Using the lexicographic method, stable lexical units with somatic components were identified and analyzed. The method of continuous sampling was employed to extract these units. Componential and etymological analyses were conducted to investigate the origins of the somatic units in detail and to identify their shared semantic characteristics in the Erzya and Finnish languages.
Results and Discussion. The authors have identified phraseological units with the most frequent somatic components and conducted an etymological analysis of somatic vocabulary to uncover common roots and historical connections reflecting cultural characteristics. The meanings of these somatisms helped distinguish three semantic groups of phraseological expressions, find examples of full and partial equivalents, highlight the representing concepts, and determine individual nuances in their interpretation by the Erzya and Finnish peoples.
Conclusion. A comparative analysis of phraseological units with somatisms in the Erzya and Finnish languages reveals both common types and mechanisms, as well as unique features inherent to these linguistic systems. The conducted study contributes to the expansion of theoretical aspects in the fields of linguoculturology and phraseology, particularly in the context of the interaction between the two cultures, with an emphasis on the preservation and transformation of the semantics of somatic components in stable lexical units. The practical significance of the study lies in its potential application in the teaching and learning of languages, especially in the areas of lexicology of Finno-Ugric languages, intercultural communication, and translation.
Tourism Opportunities for Residents of the Russian Arctic: Within the Region, in Russia and Abroad
Authors: Kondrateva Svetlana V. , Karginova-Gubinova Valentina V. , Moroshkina Marina V.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Russian Arctic regions have a significant tourism potential, but it is not fully realized. The purpose of the study is to assess the possibilities of the population of the Arctic regions of the Russian Federation to realize tourism in their places of residence, in Russia and abroad.
Materials and Methods. The research methodology is based on the authors’ approach to the analysis of nine Arctic regions of the Russian Federation. The approach allows to fully evaluate and compare with average Russian values the tourism opportunities of the population of the regions of the Arctic zone in their places of permanent residence and beyond. The analysis of tourism opportunities was carried out on the basis of indicators divided into four semantic blocks: economic and social indicators, transport infrastructure, accommodation infrastructure and leisure and entertainment infrastructure. Summary scores for four groups of indicators were calculated based on cluster analysis using the k-means method as well as minimax normalization.
Results. The study revealed a significant gap in the Arctic regions of the Russian Federation in terms of economic and social indicators of the population, transportation connectivity and the level of development of infrastructure for accommodation, leisure and entertainment. Limited tourism opportunities for residents of the Arctic regions were identified. The worst situation is observed in the Nenets Autonomous Area, somewhat better in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).
Discussion and Conclusion. The resuits indicate the need for integrated development of the Arctic regions. The article is of scientific and practical significance for scientists working on tourism development in the Arctic, regional authorities, representatives of the tourism industry.
PENDAMPINGAN KULTUR JARINGAN BAGI PETANI BUNGA TANAMAN HIAS DI DESA CIGUGURGIRANG, PARONGPONG, BANDUNG BARAT
Authors: LIberty LIberty , Septiani Elsa Dwi , Anggraini Rahayu , Rahmadi Agung
Published: December 2024

AbstrakTanaman hias merupakan komoditas hortikultura yang memiliki nilai ekonomi yang tinggi. Budidaya tanaman hias sudah banyak dikembangkan dengan teknologi salah satunya kultur jaringan. Kelebihan kultur jaringan dapat meningkatkan kuantitas tanaman, tidak memerlukan lahan yang luas dan Dapat dilakukan disepanjang musim. Tujuan dari pengabdian ini yaitu untuk mengedukasi dan mendampingi petani mempelajari teknik kultur jaringan skala rumah tangga. Pelatihan dilaksanakan pada pada bulan Januari-November 2023 di PT. Melano Berkah Indonesia, Desa Cigugurgirang, Kecamatan Parongpong, Kabupaten Bandung Barat. Metode pelatihan yaitu memberi edukasi dan praktik kultur jaringan skala rumah tangga. Kegiatan pelatihan meliputi materi kultur jaringan, karantina tanaman, sterilisasi ruangan, sterilisasi alat, pembuatan media, sterilisasi eksplan, inisiasi, subkultur, dan aklimatisasi. Hasil pelatihan ini petani antusias belajar dan sudah bisa melakukan penanaman teknik kultur jaringan dengan baik.  AbstractOrnamental plants are horticultural commodities that have high economic value. Ornamental plant cultivation has been developed using technology, one of which is tissue culture. The advantages of tissue culture can increase the quantity of plants, does not require a large area of land and makes shipping easier because the plant seeds produced are sterile. The aim of this service is to educate and assist farmers in learning tissue culture techniques on a household scale. Training will be held in January-November 2023 at PT. Melano Berkah Indonesia, Cigugurgirang Village, Parongpong District, West Bandung Regency. The training method is to provide education and practice of tissue culture on a household scale. Training activities include tissue culture material, plant quarantine, room sterilization, equipment sterilization, media making, explant sterilization, initiation, subculture and acclimatization. As a result of this training, farmers were enthusiastic about learning and were able to plant tissue culture techniques well.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI BIOGAS KOTORAN SAPI DI DESA KUTOARJO, GEDONG TATAAN, PESAWARAN, LAMPUNG
Authors: Yuberti Yuberti , Komikesari Happy , Yusandika Ajo Dian , Latifah Sri , Wibowo Firmanul Catur , Diansah Irani
Published: December 2024

Abstrak
Provinsi Lampung memiliki potensi energi terbarukan yang melimpah, termasuk dari limbah kotoran sapi. Kabupaten Pesawaran, khususnya Desa Kutoarjo, memiliki kondisi yang mendukung untuk memanfaatkan limbah kotoran sapi sebagai sumber energi biogas. Namun, saat ini, limbah tersebut hanya digunakan sebagai pupuk, sementara kebutuhan energi memasak masih mengandalkan LPG yang harganya terus melonjak. Kegiatan pengabdian ini mengadopsi pendekatan Participatory Action Research (PAR) untuk melibatkan aktif masyarakat dalam seluruh proses pelaksanaan program. Tahap awal melibatkan perencanaan dan identifikasi potensi energi terbarukan di Desa Kutoarjo, dengan tujuan pemberdayaan masyarakat. Meskipun produksi biogas awalnya terbatas, pembuatan biodigester dengan pendekatan sederhana telah diujicobakan. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa dari 2 - 3 ekor sapi menghasilkan gas sebesar 16 liter/hari yang dapat digunakan selama 5 - 12 menit. Meski belum mencukupi kebutuhan sehari-hari, upaya ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi ketergantungan pada LPG dan mengalihkan penggunaan ke energi biogas yang ramah lingkungan. Dengan memanfaatkan potensi energi limbah kotoran sapi, diharapkan dapat memberikan manfaat ekonomi dan lingkungan yang lebih besar untuk masyarakat Desa Kutoarjo dan sekitarnya.

Abstract
Lampung Province has abundant renewable energy potential, particularly from cattle manure waste. In Pesawaran Regency, especially Kutoarjo Village, conditions are well-suited for turning this waste into biogas energy. However, at present, cattle manure is primarily used as fertilizer, while cooking energy needs continue to rely on LPG, which is becoming increasingly expensive. This community empowerment initiative used a Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach, actively involving the community in every stage of the program. The initial phase included planning and identifying renewable energy potential in Kutoarjo Village, with the goal of community empowerment. Although biogas production began on a small scale, a simple biodigester was constructed and tested, the results show that 2 - 3 cows produce 16 liters of gas per day which can be used for 5 - 12 minutes. While this amount wasn’t sufficient to meet daily needs, the initiative aimed to reduce reliance on LPG and shift toward more environmentally friendly biogas. By tapping into the potential of cattle manure waste, this project sought to provide greater economic and environmental benefits to the residents of Kutoarjo Village and its surrounding areas.