bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monitoring the Process of Nanocavity Formation on a Monomolecular Level
Authors: Ruff Philip , Dietz Christian , Stark Robert W. , Hess Christian
Published: May 2018

Controlling the synthesis of nanostructured surfaces is essential to tailor the properties of functional materials such as catalysts. We report on the synthesis of nanocavities of 1–2 nm dimension on planar Si-wafers by sacrificial nanotemplating and atomic layer deposition (ALD). It is shown that the process of nanocavity formation can be directly monitored on a monomolecular level through imaging with an atomic force microscope (AFM). In particular, by employing the AFM peak force tapping mode the simultaneous mapping of surface topography and tip-surface adhesion forces is accessible, which is useful for the assignment of topographical features and determining the orientation of the template molecules on the wafer surface. Detailed analysis based on the three-dimensional AFM topography allows for a quantification of the template and nanocavity surface coverage. The results are of importance for a detailed understanding of the processes underlying template-based nanocavity formation on oxide surfaces.
Balancing risk and recovery
Authors: Chaimowitz Gary A
Published: May 2018

This Editorial introduces the first issue of the International Journal of Risk and Recovery. The fine balance of risk and recovery in Forensic Psychiatry and more generaly in Mental Health is discussed. It is written by Gary Chaimowitz, Professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, Head of Forensic Psychiatry Program at St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton in Canada, and Editor in Chief of the journal.
IMPLANTAÇÃO DE ATIVIDADES DE BRIGADA DE INCÊNDIO NA UNIDADE ESCOLAR
Authors: Gaspar Ivan , Leitão Katherine Bittencourt Mendes , Rezende André Luiz Tenório
Published: May 2018

Incêndios, em geral, são fenômenos extremamente violentos e essencialmente aleatórios e mesmo diante de toda tecnologia desenvolvida no século XXI ainda há uma grande incidência desse evento. Diante da casuística desse acontecimento, percebe-se que prevenção contra incêndio é cada vez mais necessária e que promover a educação e estimular a percepção de risco é fator primordial para uma completa mudança de atitude comportamental. Este artigo tem como objetivo a capacitação de discentes de acordo com os conceitos técnicos e legais, promovendo uma cultura, e a formação de agentes multiplicadores na instituição de ensino e no exercício dessa profissão.
Self-Knowledge in Personality Disorder: Self-Referentiality as a Stepping Stone for Psychotherapeutic Understanding
Authors: Strijbos Derek , Glas Gerrit
Published: May 2018

This article provides a philosophical framework to help unpack varieties of self-knowledge in clinical practice. We start from a hermeneutical conception of “the self,” according to which the self is not interpreted as some fixed entity, but as embedded in and emerging from our relating to and interacting with our own conditions and activities, others, and the world. The notion of “self-referentiality” is introduced to further unpack how this self-relational activity can become manifest in one's emotions, speech acts, gestures, and actions. Self-referentiality exemplifies what emotions themselves implicitly signify about the person having them. In the remainder of the article, we distinguish among three different ways in which the self-relational activity can become manifest in therapy. Our model is intended to facilitate therapists’ understanding of their patients’ self-relational activity in therapy, when jointly attending to the self-referential meaning of what their patients feel, say, and do.
Immunohistochemical Analysis of the Spinal Cord Ischemia– Effect of Remote Ischemic Preconditioning in a Porcine Model
Authors: Haapanen Henri Johannes , Herajärvi Johanna , Honkanen Hannu-Pekka , Mustonen Caius , Tuominen Hannu , Puistola Ulla , Anttila Vesa , Juvonen Tatu
Published: May 2018

Background: In experimental settings, remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) has shown a positive effect regarding spinal cord protection after local ischemia. In this study, we conducted spinal cord immunohistochemistry to demonstrate the protective effect of RIPC after 24 hours of the regional ischemia. Methods: Twenty piglets were randomized into an RIPC group (n = 10) and a control group (n = 10). The RIPC group underwent transient left hind limb ischemia before systematic left subclavian artery and segmental artery occlusion at the level of the diaphragm. Twenty-four hours later, the thoracic and lumbar spinal cords were harvested, and the oxidative stress markers were immunohistochemically analysed. Results: A total of 18 animals survived the 4-hour follow up (10 in the RIPC group, 8 in the control group) and 14 animals survived the 24-hour follow up (7 in each group). In the single sections of the spinal cord, the antioxidant pathway activation was seen in the RIPC group, as OGG1 and DJ-1/PARK7 activation was higher (P = .038 and P = .047, respectively). Conclusions: The results indicate that the neuroprotective effect of RIPC on the spinal cord after local ischemic insult remains controversial.
A Collection of Transgenic Medaka Strains for Efficient Site-Directed Transgenesis Mediated by phiC31 Integrase
Authors: Ishikawa Tokiro , Ansai Satoshi , Kinoshita Masato , Mori Kazutoshi
Published: May 2018

Genetic analysis is facilitated by the efficient production of transgenic strains expressing a DNA of interest as a single copy at a designated chromosomal location. However, technical progress toward this goal in medaka fish (Oryzias latipes), a vertebrate model organism, has been slow. It is well known that phiC31 integrase enables efficient site-directed transgenesis by catalyzing the recombination of an attP DNA motif in a host genome with an attB motif in a targeting vector. This system was pioneered in medaka using the Sleeping Beauty transposon system, and the attP site was established at three chromosomal locations. However, this number appeared insufficient with regard to genetic linkage between the attP-landing site and a genetically modified locus of interest. Here, to establish a collection of transgenic strains of medaka, we introduced an attP motif into the medaka genome using the Ac/Ds maize transposon system and established 12 independent transgenic strains harboring a single copy of the attP motif in at least 11 of the 24 medaka chromosomes. We designed an attB-targeting vector that was integrated efficiently and precisely into the attP-landing site, and with which the DNA of interest was efficiently transmitted to germline cells. Extraneous sequences in the integrants derived from the bacterial backbone of the attB-targeting vector as well as a transgenic fluorescence marker present in the attP-landing site were removable through flippase-mediated recombination. Further, an advanced targeting vector with a heart-specific recombination marker served as a useful tool for easily screening phiC31 integrase-mediated recombinant G0 embryos, leading to the efficient establishment of transgenic strains. Thus, our resources advance genetic research in medaka.
Upregulation of dNTP Levels After Telomerase Inactivation Influences Telomerase-Independent Telomere Maintenance Pathway Choice in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: van Mourik Paula M , de Jong Jannie , Sharma Sushma , Kavšek Alan , Chabes Andrei , Chang Michael
Published: May 2018

In 10–15% of cancers, telomere length is maintained by a telomerase-independent, recombination-mediated pathway called alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT). ALT mechanisms were first seen, and have been best studied, in telomerase-null Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells called “survivors”. There are two main types of survivors. Type I survivors amplify Y′ subtelomeric elements while type II survivors, similar to the majority of human ALT cells, amplify the terminal telomeric repeats. Both types of survivors require Rad52, a key homologous recombination protein, and Pol32, a non-essential subunit of DNA polymerase δ. A number of additional proteins have been reported to be important for either type I or type II survivor formation, but it is still unclear how these two pathways maintain telomeres. In this study, we performed a genome-wide screen to identify novel genes that are important for the formation of type II ALT-like survivors. We identified 23 genes that disrupt type II survivor formation when deleted. 17 of these genes had not been previously reported to do so. Several of these genes (DUN1, CCR4, and MOT2) are known to be involved in the regulation of dNTP levels. We find that dNTP levels are elevated early after telomerase inactivation and that this increase favors the formation of type II survivors.
CORLExpression in theDrosophilaCentral Nervous System Is Regulated by Stage Specific Interactions of Intertwined Activators and Repressors
Authors: Tran Nancy L , Takaesu Norma T , Cornell Elizabeth F , Newfeld Stuart J
Published: May 2018

CORL proteins (SKOR in mice and Fussel in humans) are a subfamily of central nervous system (CNS) specific proteins related to Sno/Ski oncogenes. Their developmental and homeostatic roles are largely unknown. We previously showed that Drosophila CORL (dCORL; fussel in Flybase) functions between the Activin receptor Baboon and Ecdysone Receptor-B1 (EcR-B1) activation in mushroom body neurons of third instar larval brains. To better understand dCORL regulation and function we generated a series of reporter genes. We examined the embryonic and larval CNS and found that dCORL is regulated by stage specific interactions between intertwined activators and repressors spanning numerous reporters. The reporter AH.lacZ, which contains sequences 7-11kb upstream of dCORL exon1, reflects dCORL brain expression at all stages. Surprisingly, AH.lacZ was not detected in EcR-B1 expressing mushroom body neurons. In larvae AH.lacZ is coexpressed with Elav and the transcription factor Drifter in dILP2 insulin producing cells of the pars intercerebralis. The presence of dCORL in insulin producing cells suggests that dCORL functions non-autonomously in the regulation of EcR-B1 mushroom body activation via the modulation of insulin signaling. Overall, the high level of sequence conservation seen in all CORL/SKOR/Fussel family members and their common CNS specificity suggest that similarly complex regulation and a potential function in insulin signaling are associated with SKOR/Fussel proteins in mammals.
Nonpharmacologic Treatments for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review
Authors: Goode Adam P. , Coeytaux Remy R. , Maslow Gary R. , Davis Naomi , Hill Sherika , Namdari Behrouz , LaPointe Nancy M. Allen , Befus Deanna , Lallinger Kathryn R. , Bowen Samantha E. , Kosinski Andrzej , McBroom Amanda J. , Sanders Gillian D. , Kemper Alex R.
Published: May 2018

CONTEXT:

Nonpharmacologic treatments for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) encompass a range of care approaches from structured behavioral interventions to complementary medicines.

OBJECTIVES:

To assess the comparative effectiveness of nonpharmacologic treatments for ADHD among individuals 17 years of age and younger.

DATA SOURCES:

PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for relevant English-language studies published from January 1, 2009 through November 7, 2016.

STUDY SELECTION:

We included studies that compared any ADHD nonpharmacologic treatment strategy with placebo, pharmacologic, or another nonpharmacologic treatment.

DATA EXTRACTION:

Study design, patient characteristics, intervention approaches, follow-up times, and outcomes were abstracted. For comparisons with at least 3 similar studies, random-effects meta-analysis was used to generate pooled estimates.

RESULTS:

We identified 54 studies of nonpharmacologic treatments, including neurofeedback, cognitive training, cognitive behavioral therapy, child or parent training, dietary omega fatty acid supplementation, and herbal and/or dietary approaches. No new guidance was identified regarding the comparative effectiveness of nonpharmacologic treatments. Pooled results for omega fatty acids found no significant effects for parent rating of ADHD total symptoms (n = 411; standardized mean difference −0.32; 95% confidence interval −0.80 to 0.15; I2 = 52.4%; P = .10) or teacher-rated total ADHD symptoms (n = 287; standardized mean difference −0.08; 95% confidence interval −0.47 to 0.32; I2 = 0.0%; P = .56).

LIMITATIONS:

Studies often did not reflect the primary care setting and had short follow-up periods, small sample sizes, variations in outcomes, and inconsistent reporting of comparative statistical analyses.

CONCLUSIONS:

Despite wide use, there are significant gaps in knowledge regarding the effectiveness of ADHD nonpharmacologic treatments.
Bacterial Diversity of a Microbial Mat from Hot Spring at Wartawan Beach, Lampung and Its Potential as a Source of Hydrogenases
Authors: Patantis Gintung , Chasanah Ekowati , Fawzya Yusro Nuri , Qing He Pe , Lei Zhang Xue
Published: May 2018

Biohydrogen produced from thermophilic hydrogenases is an ideal and clean energy sources. As the biggest tectonic area in the world, Indonesia is potential for thermophile isolation. The aims of this study were to analyze the bacterial diversity of a microbial mat from hot spring at Wartawan beach, Lampung and to analyze the potency of microbial mat for hydrogenases, using clone library method. The diversity of 16S rRNA showed that the microbial mat sample contained 9 phyla of bacteria, and dominated by Cyanobacteria and Proteobacteria. These phyla indicate that the bacterial community of the microbial mat consisted of phototrophic and heterotrophic groups. In addition, a microbial mat of Wartawan beach environment might be influenced by marine environment and hydrothermal vent which was indicated by detection of both associated bacteria. The diversity of hydrogenase genes using NiFe hydrogenase (NiFe) and FeFe hydrogenase (FeFe) genes showed that Cyanobacteria was specifically related to NiFe, while Firmicutes was associated with FeFe. Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes, however, were detected for both genes. The detected hydrogenase genes indicate that the microbial mat from hot spring at Wartawan beach is a promising source for hydrogenases isolation and further applications for biohydrogen production as a renewable energy.
A decisão do Supremo Tribunal Federal sobre a Lei de Imprensa na Folha de S. Paulo e no O Globo
Authors: Napolitano Carlo José
Published: May 2018

Este trabalho é um relato de pesquisa que considera o Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) um importante ator nas decisões políticas brasileiras. Algumas decisões do STF, por hipótese, impactaram os meios e as atividades da comunicação social, influenciando, especialmente, a forma de exercício da liberdade de expressão do pensamento e, em consequência, da democracia e da cidadania, bem como estabeleceram critérios jurídicos que balizam a formulação e efetivação de políticas públicas de comunicação. Reconhece-se que no âmbito estritamente jurídico já há uma produção científica acerca da centralidade política do judiciário, no entanto, verifica-se uma carência de estudos e análises referentes ao tratamento conferido pelos meios de comunicação em relação às decisões proferidas pelo Supremo quando relacionadas aos assuntos mencionados e suas consequências nas práticas políticas e sociais. Especificamente esse trabalho visa apresentar os resultados da pesquisa junto à Folha de S. Paulo e ao O Globo relacionados à decisão do STF sobre a lei de imprensa (ADPF 130) e que indicaram que os veículos pesquisados deram pouca atenção à decisão, às funções do Supremo e à temática da liberdade de expressão do pensamento.
Rede decisória da Caixa Econômica Federal em relação à Nova Classe Média
Authors: Machado Fabíola De Araújo , Dias Robson , Laus Reis Gomes Victor Márcio , Curvello João José Avevedo
Published: May 2018

Durante o governo Dilma Roussef (2011-2016), a Caixa teve como objetivo, em seu planejamento estratégico (2012-2022), ser o banco da Nova Classe Média. Este artigo apresenta e discute os resultados de um estudo qualitativo, conduzido através de pesquisa documental, em que foram investigadas as decisões que configuraram as estratégias comunicacionais direcionadas à Nova Classe Média. Os documentos explorados possibilitaram uma leitura comunicacional da estratégia, indicando o processo autorreferenciado de (re)construção de sentidos em torno desse conceito político/econômico.
A Representação Visual do Som no Cinema “Mudo”
Authors: Pires Yasmin , Villa André
Published: May 2018

Este artigo objetiva investigar a dimensão sonora das imagens tidas como silenciosas no cinema “mudo”, em busca da compreensão da potencialidade sinestésica das representações visuais. Para construir esta análise, a pesquisa primeiramente apresenta de que forma se daria o processo cognitivo capaz de interpretar informações visuais como acústicas, para em seguida explicar o fenômeno das imagens sonoras, assim como qual os principais recursos estéticos que originam a referida experiência sinestésica.
It´s not messy but it´s not clean either
Authors: Ennser-Kananen Johanna , Saarinen Taina , Sivunen Nina
Published: May 2018

Unexpected theoretical, methodological, and processual challenges are rarely discussed in the field of Applied Language Studies. In this discussion note, three Finland-based scholars explore ideas at the intersections of methodologies, ethics, and research identities through a research ethics lens, inspired by Heath Rose and Jim McKinley’s (eds.) volume Doing Research in Applied Linguistics: Realities, dilemmas and solutions (2017), which discusses ways to overcome problems that may emerge in any research process. The authors argue that presenting research processes as “polished” or “flawless” may conceal their knowledge construction aspects and thus miss important opportunities for developing research methodologies and ethics. Instead, they recommend making the unexpected and non-linear aspects of research processes visible and understanding them as integral parts of the process.
Arranjo Produtivo Local e as Agroindústrias Familiares da Região das Missões: Lógicas Diferentes?
Authors: Anes Carlos Eduardo Ruschel , Deponti Cidonea Machado , Arend Silvio Cezar
Published: May 2018

Na região do Corede Missões, as agroindústrias familiares se constituíram com apoio do setor público e de instituições com as quais se relacionam e desenvolvem suas atividades produtivas. Desde o ano de 2014, a região das Missões vem executando o Plano de Desenvolvimento do Arranjo Produtivo Local da Agroindústria Familiar, que, na sua essência, tem origem teórica e histórica na teoria econômica neoclássica, que reproduz a lógica da economia industrial. Com isso em vista, o propósito deste estudo foi analisar como a produção das agroindústrias familiares, na região das Missões, é influenciada pela lógica industrial do conceito de Arranjo Produtivo Local. O alcance desse propósito foi por meio de pesquisa de campo, fundamentado por referencial teórico sobre arranjos produtivos locais e agroindústria familiar. Identificou-se que a atividade produtiva é, predominantemente, artesanal. A lógica da economia de escala, intrínseca ao modelo teórico do Arranjo Produtivo Local, não consegue estabelecer uma relação com a dinâmica produtiva das agroindústrias familiares, pois estas apresentam baixa produção, ausência de divisão do trabalho e especialização. Dessa forma, a tentativa de industrialização retira a essência da atividade familiar, pela qual as famílias produzem seus produtos em ambiente em que não há predomínio da técnica sobre o saber-fazer. A intenção é de que este estudo possa servir como uma interpretação que vai além do conceito de Arranjo Produtivo Local e, ao mesmo tempo, sirva como base para construção ou aperfeiçoamento de políticas públicas que contemplem melhor a realidade da produção das agroindústrias familiares.
Agricultura familiar, organização de produtores e desenvolvimento territorial: oportunidades e ameaças em experiências agroalimentares no Estado de Santa Catarina (Brasil)
Authors: Dallabrida Valdir Roque , Tabasco Julio José Plaza , Pulpón Ángel Raul Ruíz
Published: May 2018

A agricultura familiar situada em zonas periurbanas está demonstrando uma importante capacidade de adaptação nos atuais mercados agroalimentares, sustentada no esboço de estratégias que aportam valor agregado ao produto final, destacando a vinculação territorial, a qualidade e o saber-fazer. Por outro lado, atende à demanda de consumo em cidades próximas mediante uma relação de proximidade, o que transforma essa agricultura em exemplos de resiliência frente à pressão de outros tipos de cultivo de mercado. A partir do estudo de duas experiências agroalimentares de tipo familiar que ocorrem no Estado de Santa Catarina (Brasil), teve-se como objetivo analisar sua capacidade de adaptação aos entornos urbanos e, em consequência, seu papel no desenvolvimento territorial. Trata-se, a primeira, da elaboração do queijo Kochkäse, no Vale do Itajaí e, a segunda, da maricultura de ostras no litoral de Florianópolis. Metodologicamente, foram realizadas entrevistas com representantes dos produtores, demonstrando, como principais resultados, a importância da diferenciação produtiva e dos métodos de produção tradicionais para obter produtos específicos que se convertem em signos distintivos territoriais, contribuindo para a geração de alternativas de renda e a revalorização da identidade, com impactos no desenvolvimento territorial. Esse papel poderia ser reforçado mediante a criação de formas de reconhecimento da identidade e especificidade, como o instituto da Indicação Geográfica, ou outras formas de associativismo que permitam compartilhar um projeto comum. Em contrapartida, evidencia-se como sendo a falta de substituição geracional o principal desafio a resolver nos próximos anos.
A influência da imagem da região de origem no valor da marca centrada no cliente - o exemplo da marca Açores
Authors: Santiago Joanna
Published: May 2018

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo estudar o impacto que a imagem da região de origem tem na construção do valor da marca, através do exemplo da Marca Açores. Pretende-se analisar o impacto que a Marca Açores tem para a Região dos Açores, tendo por base duas perspetivas distintas: a perspetiva dos clientes individuais (consumidor final) e a dos clientes empresariais (empresas aderentes ao Selo da Marca Açores). Para a concretização do estudo, realizaram-se entrevistas estruturadas e questionários, de forma a recolher o maior número de informação possível, de qualidade e fidedigna. Em relação ao modelo de estudo utilizado, teve-se por base o Modelo do Valor da Marca de Yasin, Noor & Mohamad (2007), que analisa a influência da imagem da região de origem nas dimensões do valor da marca (distinção da marca, lealdade à marca e conhecimento/associações à marca) e consequentemente no valor da marca. Os resultados revelaram que a imagem da região de origem tem um impacto positivo na construção do valor da marca, isto é, a imagem que os clientes individuais e empresariais têm sobre a Região dos Açores influência a construção do valor da Marca Açores. Este estudo também permitiu concluir que a dimensão com maior influência sobre o valor da marca é a lealdade à marca, o que nos leva a sugerir uma maior ênfase na criação de lealdade dos clientes individuais e empresariais à Marca Açores. De um modo geral, tanto os clientes individuais como os clientes empresariais estão satisfeitos com a marca e consideram-na uma mais valia para a promoção e divulgação da Região Açores. No entanto, ainda é necessário trabalhar e desenvolver a notoriedade da marca, devido ao número de indivíduos que não conhecessem a Marca Açores.
Exploração dos recursos da biodiversidade da Amazônia Legal: uma avaliação com base na abordagem do Sistema Nacional/Regional de Inovação
Authors: Diniz Marcelo Bentes , Diniz Márcia Jucá Teixeira
Published: May 2018

A despeito da Região Amazônica possuir uma biodiversidade apontada como uma das mais importantes e abrangentes do planeta, não vem traduzindo esses recursos potenciais em geração de riqueza econômica para a região e seus residentes. Em grande parte isso está relacionado às fragilidades do Sistema Regional de Inovação, imaturo/incompleto em termos da base de pesquisa (desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico) e de formação de capital humano, com condições relativamente desfavoráveis ao avanço do conhecimento acerca da biotecnologia e da bioprospecção, base fundamental para exploração em larga escala desse tipo de recurso. E, consequentemente, sua base produtiva de exploração é “pobre” em termos da capacidade de alavancar o crescimento da região e promover o desenvolvimento de seus residentes. O artigo tem por objetivo discutir essas questões à luz da abordagem do Sistema Regional de Inovação.
Crescimento econômico e desenvolvimento: uma avaliação dos indicadores para os municípios do Corede Médio Alto Uruguai - Codemau
Authors: Menuzzi Diverio Tamara Silvana , Zuliani da Silva Luiz Gustavo
Published: May 2018

A atividade agrícola é um dos propulsores da economia dos municípios que compõem o Corede Médio Alto Uruguai – Codemau. A partir de 2012 a indústria passou a ocupar lugar de destaque, isso se deve principalmente à implantação da Barragem Foz do Chapecó, no Município de Alpestre. Assim, este artigo procura apresentar e discutir os indicadores do crescimento econômico e do desenvolvimento nos municípios que compõem este Conselho Regional de Desenvolvimento - Corede. Busca-se avaliar o desenvolvimento não apenas do ponto de vista do crescimento econômico, mas, também pelo prisma de outras dimensões capazes de interpretar a realidade humana. Neste sentido, trabalha-se neste estudo com o Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano municipal - IDH-M, Índice de Desenvolvimento Sócio Econômico – Idese, Produto Interno Bruto - PIB e Índice de Gini. Como resultado final aponta-se que houve redução da desigualdade na maioria dos municípios do Codemau, com exceção dos municípios de Ametista do Sul, Pinheirinho do Vale e Vista Alegre que apresentaram aumento da desigualdade no período de 2000 a 2010. A região é considerada uma das regiões do Estado com baixo PIB e Idese, tendo grandes problemas e gargalos, enfrentando dificuldade quanto a investimentos que venham a gerar novos postos de trabalho e renda.
A cadeia produtiva da tilápia no oeste do Paraná: uma análise sobre a formação de um arranjo produtivo local
Authors: Feiden Aldi , Ramos Manoel João , Chidichima Antonio Carlos , Schmidt Carla Maria , Fiorese Mônica Lady , Coldebella Anderson
Published: May 2018

Este estudo apresenta uma caracterização da cadeia de produção de filé de tilápia na região oeste do Paraná, bem como uma análise das relações sociais, em forma de rede, entre os principais atores que compõem esta cadeia produtiva. A questão central do estudo consiste em avaliar a existência de condições objetivas de se formar um Arranjo Produtivo Local para o processamento de pescado na região estudada, dada a dinâmica de relacionamento e as diferenças estruturais entre os frigoríficos de pescado, bem como a estrutura de governança que se apresenta para a coordenação do sistema. Para tanto, utilizou-se a técnica de Análise de Redes Sociais, que consiste em um método sistemático sob a forma de grafos que permite analisar a estrutura e as ligações existentes entre os diversos atores que compõem a cadeia produtiva ou rede social. Os resultados apontam a existência de uma relevante estrutura produtiva e de agentes potenciais para a formação de um Arranjo Produtivo Local. Da mesma forma, aponta para a existência de uma importante rede de relacionamentos e de cooperação entre os principais elos e atores da cadeia de produção. Entretanto, é notória a importância da contribuição e envolvimento das instituições de apoio organizacional e institucional para a construção deste espaço de desenvolvimento social, econômico e regional.
Tipologia de cluster no abate e preparo da carne de frango: um estudo no Estado do Paraná
Authors: Staduto Jefferson Andronio Ramundo , Pinela Sandra Regina da Silva , Willers Ednilse Maria
Published: May 2018

O Paraná é destaque nas exportações de proteína do frango do Brasil. Compreender a dinâmica existente no setor pode servir de apoio aos tomadores de decisões em estratégias para o desenvolvimento regional. Por isso, este artigo tem como objetivo identificar o tipo de aglomeração industrial da atividade de abate e preparo da carne de frango no Paraná. Para tanto, foram levantados os dados do emprego durante o período de 2006 a 2014, calculados o Quociente Locacional e o Coeficiente Gini Locacional, para encontrar a especialização do emprego na atividade, em que se destacou a região sudoeste do Estado. Complementarmente, foram analisados alguns elementos da aglomeração industrial e o resultado mostrou características de economias externas locais e ação conjunta entre os atores, configurando uma eficiência coletiva na atividade, além de outros aspectos de relação interfirmas, que enquadra a atividade da região sudoeste na tipologia de cluster Radial do tipo transnacional.
Stereological Analysis of the Mammary Gland in Primiparous Lactating Rats during the Lead Acetate Intoxication
Authors: Mornjaković Zakira , Kadić Muhamed
Published: May 2018

The present study was undertaken to investigate the changes in composition of the mammary gland volume unit through all phases of lactation in rats subjected to lead acetate administration via drinking water during the first pregnancy and lactation. Stereological analysis was performed on serial slices of the organs. The point of support for our study was the fact that lead, apart from being a poison of wide range, is mostly poisonous for gonads and to their supervisory neuroendocrine structures and the mammary gland, in morpho-functional sense, should be admitted as their integral part.

On the 7th day of lactation there was significant difference of the alveolar and ductal epithelium phase, which was significantly reduced in animals treated by lead. In the same animals there were larger lumens of the alveoli and ducti, more abundant connective tissue and greater number of the adipocytes but these differences in comparison to control group were not significant.

On the 14th day of lactation there was significantly greater presence of the adipocytes phase and stromal tissue while the volume of the epithelium of alveoli and ducti was significantly reduced in study group. There was also an increase of the alveoloductal lumen phase but this was not significant.

On the 21st day of lactation there were significant difference in epithelial and stromal tissue phases in two groups, having a significant decrease in the epithelium, and significant increase of stromal tissue in glands of lactating rats treated by lead acetate. There were non-significant differences as far as the presence of the adipocytes and alveoloductal lumen volume were concerned although the values for both phases in study group were above the control values.

On the basis of given results we concluded that lead changes the quantitative characteristics of the mammary gland, i.e. the composition of the volume unit of the organ through all phases of lactation.
Isolation and immunochemical characterization of human cystatin C
Authors: Begić Lejla , Berbić Selma
Published: May 2018

Cystatin C is a natural inhibitor of the cysteine proteinases papain, and mammalian lysosomal cathepsins B, H, L and S. This protein is thought to serve an important physiological role as a local regulator of enzyme activity. The changes of levels of cystatin C in extracellular fluids have shown themselves having potential clinical importance. We have purified cystatin C from urine of patients with chronic renal failure by procedure using affinity chromatography on CM-papain Sepharose, gel filtration on Sephacryl S-200, and ion exchange chromatography on CM-cellulose. After isolation we obtained three inhibitory peaks (pI's from 7.8 to 9.2) which represent isoforms of the same protein. These isoforms are immunologically identical and differ in N-terminal sequence of the molecule. The form with pI 9.2 represents the intact inhibitor form, whereas the form with pI 7.8 is shortened for 8 amino-acid residues at N-terminal end. Purified cystatin C pI 9.2 was used for immunization of rabbits. Polyclonal antibodies, produced in rabbits, were isolated from rabbit sera by affinity chromatography on Protein A Sepharose. Enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) for cystatin C is developed on the basis of purified antibodies. Using ELISA test we determined amount of cystatin C in urine and serum samples of patients with chronic renal failure. The concentration of the inhibitor in the urine of these patients was approximately 100-fold more than in normal urine. In the serum from the same patients we found concentrations of cystatin C to be five times higher in comparison with the serum of healthy individuals.
Assessment of health effects in workers at gasoline station
Authors: Pranjić Nurka , Mujagić Hamza , Nurkić Mahmud , Karamehić Jasenko , Pavlović Slobodan
Published: May 2018

The aim of this study was to made assessment of health effects in 37 workers exposed to gasoline, and its constituents at gasoline stations between 1985 and 1996. Thirty-seven persons who had been exposed to gasoline for more than five years were examined. The evaluation included a medical / occupational history, haematological and biochemical examination, a physical exam, standardized psychological tests, and ultrasound examination of kidneys and liver. The groups were identical in other common parameters including age, gender (all men), and level of education (P<0. 05). The data were compared to two control groups: 61 healthy non-exposed controls and 25 workers at gasoline stations exposed to organic lead for only nine months. Peripheral smear revealed basophilic stippling and reticulocytosis. We found in chronic exposed gasoline workershaematological disorders: mild leukocytosis (7 of 37), lymphocytosis (20 of 37), mild lymhocytopenia (3 of 37), and decrease of red blood cells count (11 of 37). Results indicated that they have suffered from liver disorders: lipoid degeneration of liver (14 of 37), chronic functional damages of liver (3 of 37), cirrhosis (1 of 37). Ultrasound examination indicated chronic kidney damages (8 of 37). These results significantly differed from those of controls (P< 0.05). In 13 out of 37 workers at gasoline stations exposed to gasoline for more than 5 years the symptom of depression and decreased reaction time and motor abilities were identified. The summary of diseases of workers exposed to organic lead and gasoline are discussed.
The effect of erythropoietin treatment on left ventricular hypertrophy in haemodialysis patients
Authors: Rašić Senija , Kulenović Indira , Zulić Irfan , Haračić Azra , Čengić Mithat , Unčanin Snježana , Džemidžić Jasminka
Published: May 2018

Anaemia appears to play an important role in left ventricular (LV) enlargement in chronic kidney disease patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate LV echocardiography changes during anaemia correction with recombinant human erythropoietin(rHu-Epo) in chronic haemodialysis patients (HD pts) with signs of anaemia and LV hypertrophy (LVH). The study included 20 HD pts aged 39,6 +/- 5,3 yrs, with the same condition of HD treatment, anaemia and echocardiographically LVH verified. At the beginning of the rHu-Epo treatment haemoglobin (Hb) level was < 90 g/L and the target Hb level was 110 g/L. Echocardiography was performed at the beginning (baseline) and after six months of rHu-Epo treatment. LVH was defined as LV mass index >100 g/m2 in women and >131 g/m2 in men. We observed significant reduction of LV mass index (LVMI) (mean 26,4%, p=0.008), as well as LV volumen. There was a significant negative correlation between Hb level and LVMI with predictive LVMI reduction of 2,317 g/m2 for each 1g/L rising of mean Hb level. The results of the study confirm the importance of early anaemia correction in haemodialysis patients aimed to improve LV parameters.
Potential antimicrobial effects of pharmacognostic drugs
Authors: Kovač-Bešović Elvira E. , Durić Kemal , Bašić Fahra , Subašić Džemo , Imamović Jasminka
Published: May 2018

Pharmacognostic aspect, in treating of natural medicinal materials and medicinal of natural origin, is presented by very complex group of analytical and applicative methods. They are applied by means of identification, purities and quality of natural medicinal materials of vegetal, animal or mineral origin, more precisely of pharmacognostic drugs. A great number of drugs and their isolated products show the antimicrobial activities. The chemical substances, which are present in drugs, are currier of antimicrobial activities manifested by action on different bacteria, fungus, parasites and even viruses. The whole series of methods for analyzing of antimicrobial effects of drugs and the medicines in general are treated by scientific discipline microbiology. In order to complete the pharmacognostic analyses of drugs and there medicinal products, the microbiological analyses take a very important role. The antimicrobial and antifungal effects of series of plant materials, of pharmacognosticdrugs against the large number of bacteria and fungus Candida have been carried out. The drugs we analyzed were treated from their chemical point of view and that is the presence of: coumarins, mucus and anthraquinones. The contents of these substances in plant material were analyzed by method of thin layer chromatography that was published preliminary. The antimicrobial effects of analyzed drugs were determinate by using dilution method in antimicrobial analyses which have been carried out with decocts of drugs.
Anatomical-clinical investigations of variations of the human coronary arteries
Authors: Hasanović Aida , Dilberović Faruk , Ovčina Fehim
Published: May 2018

Variations of the human coronary arteries have always attracted the attention of many researchers. A review of the literature shows that variations can cause ischemic heart disease or sudden cardiac death. The aim of the investigations was to examine the existence and clinical significance of variations of the human coronary arteries. Special attention has been focused on myocardial bridging of the coronary arteries and coronary arteriovenous fistula. Our investigations were carried out on the human hearts at the Department of Anatomy and on patients at the Cardiology Department of University Clinical Centre in Sarajevo. Using the method of dissection and coronary angiography we established the existence of variations of the coronaryarteries (variations of origin, distribution) on the human hearts without macroscopic visible changes as well as on patients with ischemic changes (angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, congenital cardiovascular malformation etc.). We established the higher incidence of ischemic changes on patients with variations of coronary arteries.
The principles of telemedicine in practice
Authors: Vučković Ilvana , Dilberović Faruk , Kapur Eldan , Voljevica Alma , Bilalović Nurija , Selak Ivan
Published: May 2018

Telemedicine (distance medicine) represents a field of medicine that has been in a tremendous expansion over the last couple of years thanks to the fast development of telecommunications and reduction of their costs. It enables a direct communication (visual) between the peripheral hospitals and referral facilities in the interior of the country as well as a connection of centres with referral centres abroad in the fields of diagnostics, consultations or education. The main objective is to encourage interest in telemedicine among physicians and other health care experts, initiate an exchange of opinions, and experience about the application of telecommunication technology in medicine, so to reach a common perception of its role in the context of future development of the health care system in Bosnia and Herzegovina. As a standard, current equipment consists of computers, which are equipped with frame grabbers and communication modem for communication through a public telecommunication system. Input data can all be visual data (X-Ray, CT, MRI, ultrasound, ECG, histological finding, cariogram, and of course photos of the patients, of operational/surgical field. The Institute of Pathology of the Sarajevo Medical Faculty has actively participated in the experimental project “SHARED” (1996-2000) together with the Radiology and Ophthalmology Clinic of the Sarajevo Clinical Centre. The past experience in using telemedicine has shown that the introduction of such a telemedicine system in B&H would be of great significance in the future in the context of providing better and more efficient health services to the patients. In practice, that means a more simple approach to some services and data for patients, a better and faster circulation of information and experience of medical experts and health care workers with cost control at the same time.
The effects of McKenzie exercises for patients with low back pain, our experience
Authors: Mujić Skikić Emela , Trebinjac Suad
Published: May 2018

OBJECTIVE:To investigate influence of McKenzie exercises on decreasing the pain in patients with low back pain, to show occurrence of Centralization sign, as a predictor of good treatment outcomes and to evaluate use of McKenzie exercises, as a routine method for lower back pain in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Centres.DESIGN:Clinical, prospective, manipulative study.SETTING:Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Clinic in Community Based Rehabilitation Centers and Institute for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation affiliated with a Medical College Sarajevo.PARTICIPANTS:Thirty-four patients with symptoms of low back pain.INTERVENTIONS:McKenzie exercise program for low back pain were performed individually to the need and possibility of each patient. Patients attended exercise program daily, under supervision of physiatrist and physiotherapist and do it also at home, five times a day in series of 5 to 10 repetition each time, depending of stage of disease and pain intensity. The average training period was 15,5 days.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:All patients were assessed before and after the treatment. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) measured intensity of pain, localization of pain was noted on special forms and Shober test was used to show differences in spinal movement before and after the treatment.RESULTS:Measurements of spinal movements and flexibility of spine showed significant improvement in all patients. Average difference in values of Shober test before and after treatment was 1,1 cm with SD 0,98. Difference test was t=6,263 with significant difference p<0,01. Mean pain intensity was reduced significantly as a result of treatment. Pain was reduced on VAS for X=2,8 with S.D. 1,56. Difference Test was t=10,332, with significant difference p<0.01. 61,5% of total number of participants had signs of centralisation (6% were in acute stage of pain, 32% in subacute and 23,5% in chronic pain). Centralisation sign was noted in 40% of acute patients, 57.5% subacute and 80% of chronic patients with a low back pain who exercised McKenzieprogram.CONCLUSIONS:McKenzie exercises for low back pain are beneficial treatment for increasing flexibility of spine and improving the pain with better results in pain relief. Although done by minimally trained physiotherapists in McKenzie approach, McKenzieexercises are successful method for decreasing and centralising the pain and increasing spinal movements in patients with lowback pain.
Cloning--philosophical, ethical and religious considerations
Authors: Karić Enes
Published: May 2018

Human cloning is considered in theological and philosophical circles largely from the ethical standpoint. The arguments against human cloning in this type of contemporary theological and philosophical apologetics generally focus on three criteria which, it is claimed, the advocates of human cloning fail to take into consideration. These are: a) moderation, b) limits, c) the entity as a whole. Permit me to set out in brief the main points of reference on which the arguments are based, in the same order.
Observing of the asymmetry of hippocampal formation on patients with complex partial attacks
Authors: Sarač - Hadžihalilović Aida , Dilberović Faruk
Published: May 2018

Lobus limbicus is anatomical basis for explaining the temporal epilepsy because it not only includes the focus of infection of temporal lobe but also the frontal lobe, and with it we can explain many of the phenomenon's of the epilepsy (hallucinations, the change of the effects, and so on.). The goal of this assignment was to explore the asymmetry of hippocampal formation on the patients with complex partial attacks. The results show that the least number of patients with epilepsy have a symmetric (same) size of the hippocampal formation both from the left and the right side. The number is statistically significantly lower than the number of patients with epilepsy who has asymmetric (different size) hippocampal formation both from the left and the right side. By the direction of asymmetry the difference in the number of patients with epilepsy isn't statistically significant. Coefficient. of asymmetry shows that the asymmetry on the left side is more common to men, while it is distributed evenly on sides, left and right in women. Testing of significance in age differences depends on the sim./asim. of the hippocampal formation of both the right and the left side of coronal slice is a statistical significance. While with axial and sagittal slices, we have a statistical significance between a women and a man on the level of the course of asymmetry. So, the use of MRI technique in examining asymmetry of the hippocampal formation, that we used on this asymmetry, we suggest it as an template of future examinations in a sense of shedding light of the anatomical functions that is located on the basis of neuropsychiatrics dysfunctions.
Proximal convoluted tubules of the rats kidney--a stereological analysis
Authors: Aličelebić Selma
Published: May 2018

Background and Purpose: The aim of this work was to order quantitative parameters of the proximal convoluted tubules (PCT) in the normal rat kidney cortex. Volume density (VV), both surface and specific surface density toward interstitium (SVi and SVi/VV) and toward lumen (SVl and SVl/VV) and thickness (T) of tubules epithelium have been stereologically ordered.Material and Methods: Stereologically were analysed 170 test fields by lattice L36 on the paraffin sections of the three adult male Wistar rats kidney dyeing by PAS-method.Results: The mean values of the variables analysed were Vv=76.4% ±0.012; Svi=0.056pm-1 ±0.004; Svl=0.028pm-1 ±0.003; Svi/Vv=0.073pm-1 ±0.003; Svl/Vv=0.037pm-1 ±0.005; T=18,26pm ±0.897.Conclusions: Stereological methods are making a very valuable contribution to science over recent years. We have used unbiased stereological counting methods to obtain objective quantitative parameters of the PCT epithelium in the normal rats’ kidney cortex.
Determination of the extraction efficiency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from airborne particulate matter
Authors: Sober Miroslav , Nikolin Branko
Published: May 2018

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are common environmental pollutants that reach atmosphere in the form of aerosol adsorbed on soot, ash and dust. Having in mind its carcinogenic and mutagenic effects most countries have regulations concerning their estimation in environmental samples. In this work we have investigated extraction efficiency of several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from flying particles collected on glass fibber filters. Efficiency of extraction of different duration in Soxhlet apparatus, ultrasonic bath and boiling toluene under reflux were compared. It has been established that compounds having two or three condensed rings are lost during evaporation of toulene that was used as a solvent. For compounds having five or more condensed rings extraction in ultrasonic bath and boiling toluene using magnetic stirrer and reflux are the most efficient.