bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Active control of human-induced vibrations on lightweight structures via electrodynamic actuator dynamics inversion
Authors: Ramírez-Senent José , Gallegos-Calderón Christian , García-Palacios Jaime H , Díaz Iván M
Published: November 2022

The active vibration absorber represents an effective means to mitigate excessive vibrations in low-damping structures. Nevertheless, the dynamics of the actuators employed in such systems may negatively affect their performance and stability restricting their operational frequency range. This article presents an application of dynamics inversion techniques to the force control of electrodynamic proof-mass actuators employed as active vibration absorbers in lightweight pedestrian structures. The dynamics inversion approach is applied to enhance the classical direct velocity feedback scheme. Additionally, a novel method relying on dynamics inversion is presented: the Broadband Force Cancellation Algorithm. This procedure consists in estimating, in real-time, the equivalent force acting on the system to later apply it back to the structure with the opposed sign. The effectiveness of the proposed methods is assessed via numerical simulations carried over a realistic model of an existing lightweight footbridge and an electrodynamic proof-mass actuator. Two load cases are analyzed: a fixed swept-sine force and a walking load. Both cases account for the actuator-structure interaction. The human-structure interaction is considered in the latter scenario due to its importance when dealing with lightweight pedestrian structures. Simulation results demonstrate that the dynamics inversion techniques effectively cancel out actuator dynamics leading to an excellent tracking of the reference force output by the suggested or other vibration control algorithm. The proposed schemes are proved promising since they substantially outperform the widespread direct velocity feedback approach. In particular, the Broadband Force Cancellation Algorithm minimizes the action of the external forces within their estimation frequency range, thus being especially suited to tackle broadband excitations, important in lively pedestrian structures, whereas the velocity feedback methodology performs best at the structural resonant frequencies.
Flexural waves at the edge of nonlocal elastic plate associated with the Pasternak foundation
Authors: Manna Santanu , Som Rahul
Published: November 2022

In this article, an elastic foundation is used to study the characteristics of flexural edge waves propagating on a piezoelectric structure. The nonlocal elasticity theory is introduced to investigate the microscale effect on edge wave propagation. The traditional Kirchhoff plate hypothesis is used to determine the kinematics of the piezoelectric plate. By considering the sinusoidal waveform, a closed-form dispersion relation can be obtained. In the context of a flexural edge wave on a piezoelectric plate, an analytical and graphical comparison between the two boundary conditions (i.e. short circuit and open circuit) is discussed. In the presence of nonlocal elasticity, the dispersion relation is implied as an implicit function of frequency and wave number. A significant difference occurred between the dispersion curves for piezoelectric plates with different foundations and nonlocal parameters. Due to the Pasternak elastic foundation, an increasing rate of the fundamental mode of frequency is observed at the traction-free edge of a thin, semi-infinite piezoelectric plate. In contrast, the nonlocal elasticity tends to decrease this fundamental frequency mode for a particular wave number value. The corresponding phase velocity decreases rapidly within a short range of wave numbers.
“No One Can Feel My Pain”: The Experience of Black Women Survivors of Homicide Victims and System Agents’ Perspectives on the Impact of Homicide in the Boston Area
Authors: Morris Kendall G. , Scott Judith C.
Published: November 2022

Black communities are disproportionately affected by homicide and the family and friends of homicide victims, known as survivors of homicide victims, are left behind to cope with their loss. These survivors of homicide victims must deal with the trauma of the death and obtaining justice for their loved one. Also, homicide deaths impact the whole community. There is limited research on the experiences of Black survivors of homicide victims. This exploratory phenomenological qualitative study examines the experiences of Black survivors of homicide victims in the Boston area, the impact that homicide deaths have on survivors, and the perspectives of systems agents directly involved with the aftermath of the homicide. The study was guided by the conceptual framework Model of Coping for African American Survivors of Homicide Victims (MCAASHV) and took into consideration the contexts and systems survivors interact with (ecological theory) and the ideologies shaping them (Critical Race Theory). Qualitative interviews were conducted with three Black family members of homicide victims and three system agents directly involved with homicide deaths that occur in Boston, Massachusetts. A narrative approach was used to identify themes in the data. Findings indicated that the Black survivors’ experience in Boston is characterized by dealing with simultaneous trauma and grief caused by the murder and navigating weak relationships with law enforcement and criminal justice systems. The findings also revealed that survivors and systems agents have differing opinions on why homicides are unsolved in Black communities. These findings have implications for research and the development of support services and interventions that are appropriate for Black survivors.
A scoping review on surgical reduction of high flow arteriovenous haemodialysis access
Authors: Gerrickens Michael WM , Yadav Reshabh , Vaes Roel HD , Scheltinga Marc RM
Published: November 2022

Volume flow (Qa) > 1.5–2 l /minQa in arteriovenous accesses may be associated with high flow related systemic or locoregional complications. A variety of surgical techniques are advocated for Qa reduction. Aim of this scoping review is to provide an overview of available evidence regarding the efficacy of this broad spectrum of interventions for Qa reduction in patients with a high flow haemodialysis access. PubMed and Embase were searched according to PRISMA-guidelines. Studies on invasive management of HFA were selected. Inclusion required an English description of surgical techniques in human HFAs including pre- and postoperative access flow-values. Sixty-six studies on 940 patients (mean age 56 years (3–90 years), male 62%, diabetes mellitus 26%, brachial artery-based arteriovenous access 65%) fulfilled inclusion criteria. Performed techniques were banding (58%), revision using distal inflow (12%), plication/anastomoplasty (10%), graft interposition (5%), proximal radial artery ligation (3%), aneurysm repair (4%), or miscellaneous other techniques (8%). Definition of HFA, work-up, indication for surgery and intraoperative monitoring were diverse. All techniques reduced Qa on the short term (mean drop 0.9–1.7 l/min). Secondary access patency rates varied between 70% and 93% (mean follow-up 15 (0–189) months). Definitions of success and recurrence varied widely precluding a comparison of efficacy of techniques. Patient specific factors legitimizing invasive treatment for HFA are discussed. Recommendations on reporting standards when dealing with HFA surgery are provided. In conclusion, the present report on the current management of high flow access does not allow for drawing any definite conclusions due to a lack of standardization in definition, indications for surgical intervention and techniques. Randomized trials comparing different Qa reducing techniques in symptomatic patients are warranted, as are trials comparing a wait-and-see approach versus Qa reduction in asymptomatic patients. As an overview of the variety of techniques was lacking, this scoping review might serve as a map for future researchers.
Integration of Artificial Intelligence and CRISPR/Cas9 System for Vaccine Design
Authors: Maserat Elham
Published: November 2022

The CRISPR/Cas9 system offers a new approach to genome editing and cancer treatment. This approach is able to detect drug targets and genomic analysis of cancer. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) capacity to edit genomes through CRISPR/Cas9 enables modification of gene mutations, molecular simulation. AI approaches include knowledge discovery approaches, antigen and epitope prediction approaches, and agent based-model approaches. These methods in combination with CRISPR/Cas9 can be used in vaccine design.
Effects of VHA Policy Directive 1163 on Acceptance and Employment Rates for Veterans with Substance Use Disorders Referred to VHA Vocational Rehabilitation
Authors: Sprong Matthew E , Hollender Heaven , Pechek Ashley A , Forziat-Pytel Kellie , Buono Frank D
Published: November 2022

Introduction:

Research has shown that Veterans with Substance/Alcohol Use Disorders (SUDs/AUDs) are at a greater risk for employment-related issues (eg, lower labor force participation rates), and interventions such as Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) have been used as a tool to reduce employment obtainment and maintenance. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate acceptance rates and employment rates at closure for Veterans with SUDs/AUDs prior to the implementation of VHA Policy Directive 1163 (mandated that Veterans are not refused services based on prior or current SUD/AUDs). SUD/AUDs were coded to reflect DSM 5-TR criteria of active use and in-remission.

Methods:

Data from a VHA Vocational Rehabilitation program in the Veterans Integrated Service Network 12 network were obtained for the purpose of the current study.

Results:

Findings showed that Veterans with AUDs were less likely to be accepted for VR services prior and after implementation of VHA Policy Directive 1163.

Conclusions:

When examining active and inactive SUDs/AUDs, findings showed that implementation of VHA Policy Directive 1163 was not effective for Veterans with AUDs. One factor that was not explored but could explain disparities in program acceptance rates is duration of program entry. If a Veteran has a consult placed for VHA Vocational Rehabilitation services, and their program entry date (date accepted) is a significant duration, then perhaps Veterans with active AUDs start drinking again given that they are waiting for vocational assistance. Thus, it would be important to assist Veterans with active AUDs into services in a timely manner (perhaps prior them being discharged from SUD treatment).
Comparative effectiveness of cladribine tablets versus other oral disease-modifying treatments for multiple sclerosis: Results from MSBase registry
Authors: Spelman Tim , Ozakbas Serkan , Alroughani Raed , Terzi Murat , Hodgkinson Suzanne , Laureys Guy , Kalincik Tomas , Van Der Walt Anneke , Yamout Bassem , Lechner-Scott Jeannette , Soysal Aysun , Kuhle Jens , Sanchez-Menoyo Jose Luis , Blanco Morgado Yolanda , Spitaleri Daniele LA , van Pesch Vincent , Horakova Dana , Ampapa Radek , Patti Francesco , Macdonell Richard , Al-Asmi Abdullah , Gerlach Oliver , Oh Jiwon , Altintas Ayse , Tundia Namita , Wong Schiffon L , Butzkueven Helmut
Published: November 2022

Background:

Effectiveness of cladribine tablets, an oral disease-modifying treatment (DMT) for multiple sclerosis (MS), was established in clinical trials and confirmed with real-world experience.

Objectives:

Use real-world data to compare treatment patterns and clinical outcomes in people with MS (pwMS) treated with cladribine tablets versus other oral DMTs.

Methods:

Retrospective treatment comparisons were based on data from the international MSBase registry. Eligible pwMS started treatment with cladribine, fingolimod, dimethyl fumarate, or teriflunomide tablets from 2018 to mid-2021 and were censored at treatment discontinuation/switch, death, loss to follow-up, pregnancy, or study period end. Treatment persistence was evaluated as time to discontinuation/switch; relapse outcomes included time to first relapse and annualized relapse rate (ARR).

Results:

Cohorts included 633 pwMS receiving cladribine tablets, 1195 receiving fingolimod, 912 receiving dimethyl fumarate, and 735 receiving teriflunomide. Individuals treated with fingolimod, dimethyl fumarate, or teriflunomide switched treatment significantly more quickly than matched cladribine tablet cohorts (adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval): 4.00 (2.54–6.32), 7.04 (4.16–11.93), and 6.52 (3.79–11.22), respectively). Cladribine tablet cohorts had significantly longer time-to-treatment discontinuation, time to first relapse, and lower ARR, compared with other oral DMT cohorts.

Conclusion:

Cladribine tablets were associated with a significantly greater real-world treatment persistence and more favorable relapse outcomes than all oral DMT comparators.
Independent podcast networks in Spain: A grassroots cultural production facing cultural industry practices
Authors: Sellas Toni , Bonet Montse
Published: November 2022

This article analyses the main Spanish independent podcast networks. It is a two-phase qualitative study based on direct observation of the networks, a number of secondary sources and, especially, on semi-structured in-depth interviews with the coordinators or managers of these networks. From the political economy of cultural industries, the main objectives are to determine the motivation, perspective, and dynamics of these networks, as well as to explore their financial model. As podcasting implies cultural practices and meanings, we want to analyse whether independent podcast networks are basically a grassroots cultural production that maintain their amateur philosophy, or whether, in contrast, they are evolving towards an institutionalization that moves them closer to cultural industries and their practices, and the study of Spanish independent podcast networks is a useful starting point for putting mainstream and historical definitions to the test. This study sets forth how the progressive formalisation of podcast networks has generated tensions in the grassroots-industrialization balance. Spanish independent podcasters are pro-ams entering the production process of an industry in which other industrialized actors have already been established.
Lifestyles and Sexual Behaviour Among School-Going Adolescents: A Mediational Role of Mental Health
Authors: Cheah Yong Kang , Zainuddin Nabilah Hanis , Kee Chee Cheong , Lim Kuang Hock , Omar Mohd Azahadi , Cheong Yoon Ling
Published: November 2022

Sexual behaviour and mental health among adolescents are major public health issues. This study examines how lifestyles affect sexual behaviour among school-going adolescents in Malaysia, and the potential mediational role of mental health. It is the first to our knowledge to explore the mediating effect of mental health on sexual behaviour with a focus on a fast-growing developing country. Data were obtained from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2017 (n = 27,497). Structural equation modelling was utilized to examine depression and anxiety as mediators of the relationships between sexual behaviour and smoking, alcohol drinking and illicit drug use, controlling for sociodemographic factors. Results showed that adolescents who smoked, consumed alcohol, used illicit drugs, and had depression and anxiety were more likely to engage in sexual behaviour than others. Depression and anxiety partially mediated the relationships between sexual behaviour and smoking, and illicit drug use. The association between alcohol drinking and sexual behaviour was fully mediated by depression and anxiety. In conclusion, lifestyles may affect sexual behaviour through mediation of mental health. Therefore, policymakers should take mental health factors into consideration when designing adolescent sexual behaviour preventative interventions.
The Mode of Reflexive Practice among Young Indonesian Creative Workers in the Time of COVID-19
Authors: Sutopo Oki Rahadianto , Wibawanto Gregorius Ragil , Utomo Ariane , Beta Annisa R , Kurnia Novi
Published: November 2022

This article examines reflexive practice among young creative workers in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, during COVID-19. Since March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has unleashed a series of relentless and overlapping crises across the Indonesian archipelago. In urban centres across Indonesia, the arts and creative sectors are among the key economic sectors severely afflicted by the pandemic. COVID-19 implies a lot more than the loss of income and livelihoods. Mobility restrictions, gig cancellations, venue closures, all entail the loss of connections, opportunities, and creative outlets. Yet despite such uncertain conditions, young creative workers remain reflexively creative in order to survive in everyday life. Building upon interviews and focus-group discussions with young creative workers in Yogyakarta, we found three modes of temporality-based reflexive practice: waiting, doing something and re-learning, which represent young creative workers’ active responses manifested in the practical and contradictory relationship to the diverse possibilities within hierarchical and heterogenous cultural fields in a pandemic era characterised by regular ruptures. The analysis of the data below contributes to the literature on reflexivity and habitus among young creative workers in a time of pandemic.
‘Engaging on a slightly more human level’: A qualitative study exploring the care of individuals with back pain in a multidisciplinary pain clinic
Authors: Mescouto Karime , Olson Rebecca E , Costa Nathalia , Evans Kerrie , Dillon Miriam , Jensen Niamh , Walsh Kelly , Weier Megan , Lonergan Kathryn , Hodges Paul W , Setchell Jenny
Published: November 2022

Chronic low back pain is characterised by multiple and overlapping biological, psychological, social and broader dimensions, affecting individuals’ lives. Multidisciplinary pain services have been considered optimal settings to account for the multidimensionality of chronic low back pain but have largely focused on cognitive and behavioural aspects of individuals’ pain. Social dimensions are usually underexplored, considered outside or beyond healthcare professionals’ scope of practice. Employing Actor Network Theorist Mol’s concept multiplicity, our aim in this paper is to explore how a pain service’s practices bring to the fore the social dimensions of individuals living with low back pain. Drawing on 32 ethnographic observations and four group exchanges with the service’s clinicians, findings suggest that practices produced multiple enactments of an individual with low back pain. Although individuals’ social context was present and manifested during consultations at the pain service (first enactment: ‘the person’), it was often disconnected from care and overlooked in ‘treatment/management’ (second enactment: ‘the patient’). In contrast, certain practices at the pain service not only provided acknowledgement of, but actions towards enhancing, individuals’ social contexts by adapting rules and habits, providing assistance outside the service and shifting power relations during consultations (third enactment: ‘the patient-person’). We therefore argue that different practices enact different versions of an individual with low back pain in pain services, and that engagement with individuals’ social contexts can be part of a service’s agenda.
Shared care and gender identity support in Primary Care: The perspectives and experiences of parents/carers of young trans people
Authors: Davy Zowie , Benson Jack , Barras Abby
Published: November 2022

This article addresses the complex issues surrounding trans youths’ shared care perceived by parents in primary care settings in the UK. The analyses in this article draws on qualitative data derived from an online survey of 153 parents with trans children. Through the conceptual framework of healthcare assemblages, findings suggest that quality shared care for trans youth is based upon transient service relationships inherent in their healthcare—primary care, gender identity services, endocrinologists, and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAHMS)—and, as such, this complexity must be understood better by GPs in order for quality shared care to be administered. We explored various blockages to quality shared care within primary care surgeries that produced limit situations, such as lack of knowledge, training, or experience with trans healthcare. One other key factor was that there were strong external forces that were limiting trans youths’ quality shared care in the form of abject depictions from beyond the consultation, which all produced negative effects. Despite these blockages, we also demonstrate how and where quality shared care is received. For instance, we show that continuity of care or treatment after an initial diagnosis or assessment contributes to quality shared care as too does personalized care to those youths receiving it. Overall, this research provides insights into the complex perceptions of parents about what quality shared care is and ought to be for trans youth.
How a peripheral ideology becomes mainstream: Strategic performance, audience reaction, and news media amplification in the case of QAnon Twitter accounts
Authors: Zhang Yini , Yue Zhiying , Yang Xiyu , Chen Fan , Kwak Nojin
Published: November 2022

Social media platforms have been used by various actors to bypass traditional media gatekeepers to share messages, draw attention, and accumulate influence. We study how actors from peripheral groups gain influence on social media and how their social media behaviors evolve over time. Integrating online strategic performance and hybrid media literature, we hypothesize that peripheral groups perform group identities to spur social media audience reaction and news media amplification, to which they further adapt their performance. By analyzing 242 QAnon Twitter accounts using topic modeling and time series modeling, we find that their in-group solidarity and out-group animosity tweets boost retweets, but not followers; increased retweets and followers drive news media amplification largely undertaken by right-wing outlets and motivate future performance of group identity, particularly of out-group animosity. The implications of social media and news media for the growth of peripheral actors and ideologies are discussed.
Real world evaluation and control of vehicle engine exhaust air pollution using adaptive neural fuzzy inference system
Authors: Abouel-Seoud Shawki A , Shiba Mohamed S , Abdallah Ahmed S
Published: November 2022

Internal combustion engines are considered primarily responsible for air pollution. Accordingly, a concentrated effort has been made to reduce these pollutants which are emitted from the exhaust system of these engines while preserving energy and fuel consumption. There are also other sources besides internal combustion engines, such as power stations and those released from industry and home consumption. Industrial and household fuel consumers are also adding pollution. The industrial development requires the establishment of effective control systems to deal with its equipment to increase its operational life and increase its productivity with lower maintenance costs. Therefore, the aim of the study in this research is exposed to be used of adaptive neural fuzzy inference system to control the components of the emission of exhaust pollutants for gasoline vehicle. Exhaust pollutants consist of unburned carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, water vapor nitrogen oxides, and energy produced from the combustion process which emit into atmosphere through the exhaust tailpipe. Also, there are hydrocarbons produced from gasoline vaporization and from the crankcase of the vehicle. The results indicate that the adaptive neural fuzzy inference system proves to be a useful tool for simulating and controlling vehicle engine exhaust emissions.
A French bazaar and a Mexican street market: an object-centered comparative analysis of interstitial spaces
Authors: Boudreau Julie-Anne , Billen Léa , Agüero Jordi
Published: November 2022

A neighborhood bazaar run by a community organization in Saint-Denis in the Greater Paris region, an ‘informal’ cultural street market in downtown Mexico City run by the oldest members of the Punk-Rock community. . . Two spaces that have in common the circulation of objects and a dense web of affective interactions between people and commodities. This article shows how the circulation of objects creates interstitial spaces between the public and the domestic. But it goes further by demonstrating that these interstitial spaces also challenge market and gender norms. Through a participatory methodology involving photography and comparative dialog, the article analyzes the place of objects in the creation of interstitial spaces and their subversive potential.
Materials used in industrial workwear for hot workplace environments: Thermal and moisture management attributes
Authors: Watson Christopher , Nawaz Nazia , Wardiningsih Wiah , Troynikov Olga
Published: November 2022

Materials used in personal protective clothing (PPC) are important from both protection and thermal management perspectives, particularly as PPC frequently covers more than 90% of the wearer’s body. There is extensive literature on the risk factors that contribute to thermal load and the related functional characteristics of the PPC, especially in high-risk categories such as fire fighting and the military. In contrast, research on PPC materials in low-risk categories such as mining and construction and their thermal management attributes is scarce. Nevertheless, workers who wear this type of PPC represent a significant proportion of the industrial workforce, and are commonly required to work in hot and/or humid thermal environments. This study provides new knowledge of the thermal management attributes of materials used in low-level risk PPC by evaluating a selection of 19 workwear materials that are used in low-risk PPC worldwide. In addition, four civilian/corporate wear summer materials were tested to compare against the PPC materials. This study identifies relationships between the structure, physical parameters and functional attributes of materials, providing direction for development of new and improved PPC materials. The results show that there are opportunities to substantially reduce PPC material mass and thickness, whilst still maintaining protective compliance requirements. Further, thermal and moisture management attributes of PPC materials can also be significantly improved to reduce thermal burden.
Genevieve Hargiss: A Biographical Portrait of an Exemplary Twentieth-Century Music Educator
Authors: Gilliam Tianna M.
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this historical investigation was to contribute to the growing body of knowledge about women in music education by means of documenting the life and career of Genevieve F. Hargiss (1912-1995), a lesser known yet exemplary twentieth-century music educator. Through the investigation of primary source materials including Hargiss’s personal scrapbooks, interviews, and her scholarly publications, as well as newspaper articles and oral histories, this paper explores Hargiss’s contributions to the field of music education from 1929 to 1982. This study argues that Hargiss made a lasting impact in her field through her innovative, research-based improvements to professional teacher-training programs and elementary general music programs in Kansas, Arizona, and across the U.S. Hargiss blazed a trail for women in the field of music education through her excellence in performing, research, mentoring, and teaching; a brilliant educator and scholar – “not just for her time, but for any time.”
Fate of Hemodialysis Patients Undergoing Transcarotid Revascularization
Authors: Martin Gordon H. , Leckie Katherin , Dakour-Aridi Hanaa , Saqib Naveed U. , Motaganahalli Raghu L. , Keyhani Arash , Keyhani Kourosh , Wang S. Keisin
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Carotid revascularization in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) continues to be a controversial topic, as life expectancy is poor, thus, preventing the recouperation of cumulative stroke-risk reduction in the postoperative period. We performed this primarily descriptive analysis of the results of transcarotid revascularization (TCAR) in renal failure patients.

Methods

A retrospective review of two independent carotid revascularization databases maintained at two large health systems were performed to capture all consecutive TCAR procedures. Patients were classified as either (1) ESRD or (2) preserved renal function (PRF) and compared with standard univariate techniques, where appropriate.

Results

From December 2015 to April 2022, 851 consecutive TCARs were attempted at our participating facilities. Of these, 27 were performed in ESRD patients (all hemodialysis). These patients were younger and presented with a higher Charlson Comorbidity Index. The incidence of a high anatomic risk criterion as defined for the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) were similar between groups, as was the incidence of a symptomatic carotid lesion. There were no differences between the groups in terms of intraoperative characteristics and the postoperative medication management were grossly similar by renal function. In the 30-day perioperative period, there were no stroke, death, or myocardial infarction in the 27 ESRD patients treated with TCAR. The mean duration of follow-up in the ESRD cohort was 15.0 months. During this time, there was no ipsilateral stroke events, one contralateral stroke, and one MI. All 27 carotid stents remained patent during this period. Six patients perished after TCAR at a mean interval of 12.2 months after TCAR.

Conclusion

Survival is poor after carotid revascularization via the TCAR technique on intermediate follow-up. Careful patient selection is required to identify those who will survive to collect on the cumulative stroke-risk reduction afforded by carotid intervention.
Correlations Analysis of Different Pelvic Tilt Definitions: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Chai Yuan , Boudali A. Mounir , Walter William L.
Published: November 2022

Background: Pelvic tilt (PT) is described as the pelvic orientation along the transverse axis, yet 4 PT definitions were established based on radiographic landmarks: anterior pelvic plane (PTa), the center of femoral heads to sacral plate (PTm), pelvic outlet (PTh), and sacral slope (SS). These landmarks quantify a similar concept, yet understanding of their relationships is lacking, and their differences are sometimes ignored. Purpose: This study aimed to examine the correlations and differences of PT definitions for education and research purposes. Methods: This study reviewed 105 sagittal pelvic radiographs of patients (68 men and 37 women) awaiting hip surgery at a single clinic. Hip hardware and spine pathologies were examined for subgroup analysis. Two observers annotated 4 PTs in a gender-dependent manner and repeated it after 6 months. The linear regression model and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were applied with a 95% confidence interval. Results: The SS showed no correlation to the other 3 PT definitions, except for females in the hip hardware subgroup (n = 17). PTm demonstrated very strong linear correlation to PTh ( r > 0.9) under the linear model PTm = 0.951 × PTh – 68.284. Conclusion: The PTm and PTh can be calculated from each other under a simple linear regression equation, which enables comparisons between them. SS presented poor correlations to the other PT parameters, except for the female subgroup with hip implant that required further analysis; PTa-related comparisons showed high anatomical variations between patients.
Rolling bearing state assessment based on the composite multiscale weight slope entropy and hierarchical prototype-based approach
Authors: Zhang Jinbao , Pan Zhengyang , Zhang Jinle , Bian Jixuan , Wang Cheng
Published: November 2022

To evaluate the state of rolling bearing more accurately, a new feature called composite multiscale weight slope entropy was proposed for the complexity measurement of vibration signals. On the basis of analyzing the fault signal structure, the new feature could consider the influence of the nonlinearity, the multiscale characteristics, the fluctuation of the amplitude, and the amplitude itself on the fault signals. In the following, different fault types and the corresponding damage degree of rolling bearings were identified with the hierarchical prototype-based approach. Compared with the results of different modified slope entropy, it is shown that composite multiscale weight slope entropy could significantly improve the identification accuracy. In the two designed testing schemes, ten and sixty state types of rolling bearings are respectively calculated, and the identification accuracy could reach up to 100% and 96.5% respectively, which illustrate the effectiveness and the validity of the proposed approach.
Rheology of peristaltic flow in couple stress fluid in an inclined tube: Heat and mass transfer analysis
Authors: Abbas Z , Shakeel A , Rafiq MY , Khaliq S , Hasnain J , Nadeem A
Published: November 2022

The recent investigations ensure that the effect of an endoscope on the peristaltic flow is very important for medical diagnosis and it has many clinical applications such as gastric juice motion in the small intestine when an endoscope is inserted through it. Therefore, we have studied the problem of peristaltic flow with heat and mass transfer through the gap between coaxial inclined tubes where the inner tube is rigid and the outer tube has sinusoidal wave traveling down its wall. The inner tube fulfilled the slip condition while the outer tube has a no-slip condition. The lubrication approximation theory is utilized to simplify the normalized equations. The perturbation procedure is employed to concede the results for the pressure gradient and velocity field, whereas exact outcomes are established for the energy and concentration fields. Frictional forces and pressure rise per wavelength are calculated numerically. The impacts of embedded parameters are portrayed through graphs. It is found that fluid velocity reduces by increasing the couple stress parameter however the inverse effect is noted for the slip parameter. Furthermore, better pumping is viewed in the vertical tube as compared to the horizontal tube. A validity of perturbation solutions for velocity distribution is made with the finite element method and an admirable comparison is also noticed with previously published results.
The Grant Proposal as a Genre. A Multiple Correspondence Analysis of Visual Artists and their Legitimations for Government Grants in Flanders, 1965–2015
Authors: Peters Julia , Roose Henk
Published: November 2022

Do artists’ justificatory strategies to obtain government grants reflect expectations from the funding body, or are they predominantly tied to artists’ field positions? Using Multiple Correspondence Analysis on Flemish (Belgium) visual artists’ grant proposals spanning 51 years (1965–2015, n = 494), we find that, with some notable exceptions, field positions and artists’ justifications for obtaining subsidies are only marginally related. Instead, strategies mainly reflect the period they are written in, showing the influence of both cultural policy and the art field. These findings support Bourdieu’s idea that there is no mechanical homology between positions and position-takings, but that the ‘space of possibles’ in which agents express themselves, strongly bears on this relationship. Furthermore, our study suggests that strategic considerations turn the grant proposal into a genre.
Using Technology to Improve Diabetes Care in Hospital: The Challenge and the Opportunity
Authors: Flanagan Daniel , Avari Parizad , Choudhary Pratik , Lumb Alistair , Misra Shivani , Rayman Gerry , Dhatariya Ketan
Published: November 2022

The past 10 years have seen a revolution in technology improving the lives of people with diabetes. This has implications for diabetes care in hospitalized inpatients. These technological developments have the potential to significantly improve the care of people with diabetes in hospital. Combining point of care glucose monitoring, electronic prescribing, electronic observations with electronic referral, and electronic health records allow teams to daily oversee the whole hospital population. To make the most of these tools as well as developing the use of pumps and glucose sensors in hospital, the diabetes team needs to work in new ways. To date, very little work has described how these should be combined. We describe how this technology can be combined to improve diabetes care in hospital.
Sargassumin C, a Novel Butenolide from Sargassum micracanthum
Authors: Kim Ji-Yul , Oh Gun-Woo , Lee Jeong Min , Kim Hyun-Soo , Ki Dae-Won , Ko Seok-Chun , Yim Mi-Jin , Kim Kyung Woo , Lee Dae-Sung , Baek Kyunghwa
Published: November 2022

Objective: In our ongoing effort to search for the novel secondary metabolites from the marine algae, chemical investigation of a methanolic extract of Sargassum micracanthum led to the isolation of a novel butenolide (1) and a known compound (2). Methods: The methanolic extract of S. micracanthum was partitioned and subjected to medium pressure column chromatography and preparative-HPLC to yield two compounds (1 and 2). Their structures were established based on comprehensive spectroscopic data (1D NMR, 2D NMR, and HRESIMS). These compounds (1 and 2) were evaluated for the production of the NO in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-1 β, TNF- α, and IL-10. Results: A new compound (1) was determined to be a new butenolide derivative, and a known compound (2) were identified as 2-hydroxy-(5 E,9 E)-6,10,14-trimethylpentadeca-5,9-dien-12-one. Compounds 1 and 2 showed inhibitory activities in a dose-dependent manner on LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7 cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Conclusion: A new butenolide, sargassumin C (1), and 2-hydroxy-(5 E,9 E)-6,10,14-trimethylpentadeca-5,9-dien-12-one (2) were isolated from the brown alga, S. micracanthum. Compound 2 was more effective than 1 on NO production and pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Assessing Lateral Ankle Sprains With a New Arthrometer
Authors: Taweel Nicholas R. , Gulick Dawn T. , Palombaro Kerstin M.
Published: November 2022

Background

Lateral ankle sprains are a common musculoskeletal injury across a variety of activities. Researchers have sought to identify a method to objectively assess joint laxity with a device that is simple to use and affordable.

Aim

The purpose of this study was to assess the use of an ankle arthrometer on individuals with ankle sprains.

Methods

The participant was evaluated by the physician and the degree of ankle sprain was identified. In the prone position, the arthrometer was used to perform an anterior drawer test (uninjured before injured, 3 measures each). Both clinicians were blinded to the data of the other.

Results

There were 30 participants, 10 in each group (uninjured, grade 1 sprain, grade 2 sprain). Mann-Whitney U testing found significant differences between the control and grade I ankle sprain groups (P < .001), the control and grade II ankle sprain groups (P < .001), and the grade I and grade II ankle sprain groups (P = .004). There was ±0.31-mm difference in anterior translation between healthy ankles, whereas there was 1.11- and 2.16-mm difference between ankles in grade 1 and grade 2 sprains, respectively.

Clinical Application

Despite the manual anterior drawer test being convenient, the subjectivity makes it unreliable. This study is consistent with prior literature about the difference in translation (millimeters) between the uninjured and injured ankles corresponding to the magnitude of ankle laxity. This study also contributes to the evolving evidence to support the relationship of a ratio of measures (injured/uninjured) as an objective measure of laxity. These comparisons to the individual’s healthy ankle mitigate the variability of the normative values. The use of an arthrometer to assess ankle joint laxity enhances the objectivity of patient assessment throughout the recovery process.

Levels of Evidence:

Level III
Candida parapsilosis bloodstream infection in an immunocompromised host with discordant multiplex polymerase chain reaction and conventional blood culture results: a case report
Authors: Jones Jordan , Sanasi-Bhola Kamla , Al-Hasan Majdi N. , Reihart Layne , Justo Julie Ann , Bookstaver P. Brandon
Published: November 2022

Prompt treatment of candidemia, especially in immunocompromised hosts, is known to improve outcomes. We present a case of discordance among results of Gram stain, multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based rapid diagnostic technology, and conventional cultures that subsequently resulted in delayed therapy and hospitalization. An immunocompromised patient presented to the outpatient oncology clinic with signs and symptoms of systemic infection. Blood cultures were obtained, and Gram stain showed gram-negative rods, while multiplex PCR results (BioFire® FilmArray® BCID 1) returned positive for both Enterobacter cloacae and Candida parapsilosis. Conventional cultures only grew E. cloacae. Because of the discordant results, the primary team elected to give ertapenem monotherapy and defer antifungal therapy. The patient’s symptoms progressed, and 11 days later, the patient was admitted with subsequent positive blood cultures for C. parapsilosis. The patient required a 9-day hospitalization due to complications associated with candidemia. This case highlights the value of understanding and interpretation of rapid diagnostics, shared decision-making in antimicrobial management of high-risk patients, and the important responsibility of antimicrobial stewardship teams across the continuum of care.
Criminal careers behind foreign bars: A latent class analysis of Dutch prisoners
Authors: van Hall Matthias , Cleofa-Van der Zwet Laura
Published: November 2022

While at least 1900 Dutch prisoners are imprisoned abroad annually, existing knowledge on this group of prisoners is often limited to descriptions about detention conditions. The current study explores latent classes of criminal careers before entrance in foreign prisons and whether reoffending behavior differed between the distinct typologies of Dutch prisoners. Using registration and reconviction data, the results show four typologies: (a) high persistent offenders, (b) low-rate offenders, (c) sporadic offenders, and (d) long-term incarcerated offenders. Furthermore, the results indicate that high persistent offenders are more likely to get reconvicted after release from foreign prisons than other typologies.
Values and Meaning in Rural Primary Care Practices: Implications for Interventions Within Context
Authors: Holtrop Jodi Summers , Nederveld Andrea , Lum Hillary D. , Glasgow Russell E. , Gomes Rebekah
Published: November 2022

Objectives:

It is important to understand the unique perspectives and values that motivate patients and clinicians in rural primary care settings to participate in clinical care activities. Our objective was to explore perspectives, preferences, and values related to primary care that could influence implementation of evidence-based programs.

Methods:

Qualitative study utilizing semi-structured interviews and using immersion/crystallization and thematic analysis. Participants were primary care practice members (clinicians, clinical staff, and administrators) and their patients in rural Colorado.

Results:

Twenty-six practice members and 23 patients across 9 practices participated. There were 4 emergent themes that were consistent across practice members and some patients. Patient perspectives are located in parenthesis. They included: (1) Focus on quality patient care, patient satisfaction, and continuity of care (patients appreciated quality and compassionate care), (2) Importance of prevention and wellness (patients appreciated help with preventing health problems), (3) Clinician willingness and ability to meet patient preferences for care (patients described comfort with local care), and (4) Passion for serving underserved, uninsured, or vulnerable populations (patients described their vulnerabilities). There were differences in how the perspectives were operationalized by practice member role, illustrating the importance of different ways of addressing these values.

Conclusions:

Successful implementation requires consideration of context, and much of context is understanding what is important to those involved in the primary care experience. This study sheds light on salient values of rural primary care practice members and their patients, which may inform interventions designed with and for this setting.
The Great pretender: the first case of septic shock due to Capnocytophaga canimorsus in Sardinia. A Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Sardo Salvatore , Pes Claudia , Corona Andrea , Laconi Giulia , Crociani Claudia , Caddori Pietro , Luisa Boi Maria , Finco Gabriele
Published: November 2022

Capnocytophaga canimorsus (C. canimorsus) is an emerging pathogen in critical care. C. canimorsus is a Gram-negative bacillus, commonly isolated as a commensal microorganism of the oral flora of healthy dogs and cats. A 63-year-old woman came to the emergency department with fever, chills, and malaise 2 days after a minor dog bite. After admission to the medicine ward, she developed respiratory failure and livedo reticularis. In the intensive care unit (ICU), she presented full-blown septic shock with thrombocytopenia, coagulopathy, severe acute kidney injury, and liver injury. We describe the first case of septic shock with Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome related to Capnocytophaga canimorsus infection in Sardinia and its treatment in a tertiary hospital ICU. We also review recent literature on the relevance of C. canimorsus in human disease and critical illness.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Cytomegalovirus Colitis in a Renal Transplant Patient: A Case Report
Authors: García-Padilla Paola , Contreras Kateir , Serrano Paola Parra , Sánchez Leon Natalia , Lucero Pantoja Oscar
Published: November 2022

Chronic diarrhea is a common reason for consultation in renal transplant patients. Cytomegalovirus infection is the cause of chronic diarrhea of infectious origin in 50% of cases, but coinfection with tuberculosis is rare. We present the case of a renal transplant patient with chronic diarrhea, with a finding of left colon colitis and positive microbiological studies in biopsy for tuberculosis and cytomegalovirus. The patient received valganciclovir and anti-tubercular treatment with adequate evolution. Immunosuppressed patients may have diarrhea secondary to opportunistic infections; therefore, an algorithm for early diagnosis and treatment is recommended.
Viral Myocarditis Mimicking ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Thrombocytopenia and Vasculitic Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Asllanaj Blerina , Chang Eric , Dota Anthony , McWhorter Yi
Published: November 2022

Symptomatic myocarditis is classically featured by a flu-like prodrome, dyspnea on exertion, palpitations, substernal chest pain, and abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG). The clinical diagnosis has often been challenging due to its similarities to acute coronary syndrome. Our case involved a patient who presented with claudication of bilateral lower extremity and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in the inferior leads. On cardiac catheterization, nonobstructed coronary arteries with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 30% were demonstrated. His clinical presentation was consistent with suspected myocarditis, and he improved with immunosuppression. In addition, his thrombocytopenia and severe symptoms of peripheral neuropathy responded to both immunotherapy and anticoagulation. This case highlights the interplay between history taking, physical examination, and multimodal diagnostic imaging.