bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Severe carbon monoxide poisonings in scuba divers: Asia-Pacific cases and causation
Authors:   Australasian Diving Safety Foundation, Canterbury, Victoria, Australia, Lippmann John ,   Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria, Australia,   Royal Lifesaving Society – Australia, Millar Ian ,   Senior Specialist Diving & Hyperbaric Medicine, Alfred Health, Victoria, Australia,   Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
Published: August 2022

Aim: Reports of fatal incidents in recreational scuba divers from carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning are rare. This study aimed to identify scuba fatalities in the Asia-Pacific region caused by breathing-gas contamination to better understand the likely sources of contamination and reduce such preventable deaths. Methods: A hand search of Project Stickybeak reports, subsequent Australian fatality series reports, and of published New Zealand diving fatality reports and associated data was conducted, as well as key word searches of the National Coronial Information System for scuba fatalities in Australia and New Zealand. Cases identified were matched with the Australasian Diving Safety Foundation diving fatality database. Available reports were examined. Results: Four scuba deaths resulting from CO poisoning were identified from 645 scuba fatalities, including one report from each of Australia, New Zealand, Singapore, and the Maldives. A near-fatal incident was also identified in Indonesia. Two of the fatal incidents and the near-fatal incident involved internal combustion engine exhaust gases from the compressor system or elsewhere entering the air intake. Two deaths likely resulted from combustion within compressor systems. Conclusions: Scuba fatalities from CO poisoning are uncommon, albeit likely under-reported. Sources of CO include exhaust gases entering the compressor and CO production by pyrolysis or gasification within the compressor or its filter system. Preventive measures include proper installation (including positioning of the air intake relative to combustion exhaust), appropriate maintenance, fitting of pressure-maintaining valves and avoidance of overheating. Formal training of compressor operators, improved diver education, mandatory requirements for installation compliance assessments, safety inspections, and the use of carbon monoxide alarms are recommended.
Delaying a Biopsy With Serial Prostate-Specific Antigen Checkup Helps to Identify a Significant Prostate Cancer: A Strategy to Evade Unnecessary Procedures
Authors: Ko Young Hwii , Kim Byung-Hoon , Jung Wonho , Ha Ji Yong , Shin Taek Jun , Kwon Se Yun , Jung Hyun Jin , Hah Yoon Soo , Kim Tae Hyo
Published: August 2022

Purpose: To differentiate a non-cancer-related temporary increase in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) triggering unnecessary biopsy, we intentionally delayed biopsy with a serial follow-up, then investigated the efficacy of this strategy in identifying a significant prostate cancer (PCa).Materials and Methods: Retrospective data of patients who initially presented with a suspicious level of serum PSA (3–20 ng/mL), managed using the delayed strategy, and then eventually underwent biopsy were obtained from 4 tertiary centers between 2018–2020.Results: The collected 271 subjects had a median (interquartile range) PSA, age, and prostate volume of 5.03 ng/mL (4.46–7.79 ng/mL), 67 years (61–73 years), and 38 g (28–50 g), respectively. During the delay period of 8 weeks (4–19 weeks), most were managed with alpha-blockers (85.6%, n=232). Ninety-four (34.7%) experienced a PSA decrease of 20.53% (8.82–38.16). Eventual biopsy revealed 115 PCa cases (42.5%) including 82 significant ones and 46 high-risk diseases. Men with a PSA decrease had a lower probability of PCa (31.9% vs. 48%, p=0.014), a significant disease (21.3% vs. 35.0%, p=0.026), and high-risk PCa (7.4% vs. 22.0%, p=0.002) than the PSA-elevated counterparts. However, the degree of PSA decrease was not associated with the presence or the severity of PCa. In patients with PSA normalization (≤3 ng/mL), though 4 patients of them (66%) had PCa including a single significant disease, none had high-risk disease.Conclusions: About one-third of individuals initially indicated for transrectal biopsy experienced a decrease in PSA, and their chance for significant PCa was diminished. This retrospective study suggests PSA normalization could be an acceptable notion, though requires further investigation.
NILAI-NILAI SOSIAL DAN BUDAYA DALAM TRADISI MANTU POCI DI KOTA TEGAL JAWA TENGAH (KAJIAN ANTROPOLOGI SASTRA)
Authors: Rahmawati Dwi
Published: August 2022

Pada zaman yang modern ini, minat generasi muda yang enggan peduli dan mengetahui folklor yang berkembang di daerahnya. Perlu adanya upaya untuk mengembangkan serta melestarikan budaya setempat. Salah satunya bentuk melestarikan budaya lokal yakni dengan mengadakan penelitian. Folklor yang berkembang di Kota Tegal yaitu folklor tradisi Mantu Poci merupakan folklor yang menarik untuk diteliti. Tradisi yang mengandung nilai-nilai kehidupan yang memiliki tujuan dan pesan tertentu yang akan disampaikan nenek moyang kepada generasi berikutnya. Tujuan penelitian ini mendeskripsikan nilai-nilai sosial dan budaya yang terkandung dalam tradisi Mantu Poci yang dikaji dengan pendekatan antropologi sastra. Jenis penelitian ini berupa penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan antropologi sastra. Data dalam penelitian ini berupa sumber data primer berupa dokumentasi lapangan dan wawancara langsung dari responden seperti sastrawan serta pegiat budaya, sesepuh desa, tokoh masyarakat, pendidik, masyarakat yang pernah terlibat. Sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari bahan kepustakaan dan sumber tertulis terkait tradisi Mantu Poci. Pengumpulan data dengan observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi lapangan. Data yang telah ditemukan akan dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan antropologi sastra. Teknik analisis data menggunakan model analisis Spradley. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa pada tradisi Mantu Poci terdapat dua nilai yang paling dominan yakni 1) nilai sosial; 2) nilai budaya. Nilai sosial meliputi rasa kasih sayang, empati, toleransi, kerja sama, demokrasi. Sedangkan nilai budaya meliputi simbol, sikap atau kebiasaan, kepercayaan yang tertanam.
Pemberdayaan Kewirausahaan Rumah Tangga Melalui Pelatihan Kerajinan Tangan Macrame
Authors: Rahmadieni Risky Yuniar , Eka Yuni Purwanti  , Parsi  , Eka Idar Wahyuni  , Diana Sari
Published: August 2022

Mayoritas penduduk dusun Klemut sebagai pelaku UMKM sehingga kerajinan tangan macrame merupakan sebuah upaya kesempatan peluang usaha untuk dapat memberikan tambahan nilai daya jual ekonomi khususnya kepada ibu-ibu rumah tangga. Hal ini didukung dengan banyaknya ibu yang tidak bekerja dan memiliki waktu luang. Permasalahan dihadapi belum ada seseorang memiliki keahlian di bidang kerajinan tangan. Maka dari itu, dilaksanakan kegiatan pendampingan pelatihan kerajinan tangan macrame dalam pembuatan gantungan pot yang diikuti oleh 14 peserta. Tujuan diadakan pelatihan adalah 1) ibu-ibu rumah tangga mampu menghasilkan produk karya terbaru dari hasil kerajinan tangan macrame dan mampu mengembangkan berbagai variasi, dan 2) timbul keinginan minat berwirausaha dengan menjual hasil karya kerajinan tangannya. Metode pelaksanaan yang digunakan adalah tahap persiapan anggaran pembelian alat dan bahan yang terdiri dari tali kur dan pot tanaman. Tahap pelaksanaan dan evaluasi antara lain sosialisasi minat kewirausahaan, pengenalan praktik dasar pelatihan macrame dan penyelesaian macrame guna memaksimalkan hasil karya kerajinan tangan. Hasil pelatihan yang diperoleh, peserta memberikan respons secara positif dan antusias untuk minat berwirausaha dengan ditunjukkan keaktifan berpartisipasi mengikuti pelatihan dan memahami mengenai tentang kewirausahaan yang didukung dengan ketercapaian ibu-ibu rumah tangga bisa mempraktikkan secara mandiri proses yang telah diajarkan.
Pulmonary and central nervous system aspergillosis in a patient with COVID-19 infection
Authors: Ljubicic Jelena , Colovic Natasa , Bodrozic Jelena
Published: August 2022

Introduction. Patients with COVID-19 infection are vulnerable to a variety of serious complications, including invasive fungal infections such as aspergillosis. Because pulmonary aspergillosis is difficult to confirm with perfect confidence, it has been classified as ?proven,??probable,? and ?possible.? We present a patient with COVID-19 infection in whom a ?probable? pulmonary aspergillosis was complicated by hematogenous spread into brain with formation of multiple abscesses. Case outline. A 67-year-old female was diagnosed with COVID-19 infection using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from a nasopharyngeal swab. The patient had never been vaccinated before. Despite standard therapy and noninvasive oxygen support, the patient?s health deteriorated one month following the onset of the disease, with chest discomfort, cough, and hemoptysis. Thoracic computed tomography (CT) revealed bilateral infiltrative lesions with varying diameters of cavities, primarily in the left lung, as well as modest effusions in both pleural spaces. Aspergillus hyphae were isolated from tracheobronchial aspirates. Despite therapy with Amphotericin B, which was only available antifungal medication at the time, the patient fell into a coma. A CT scan of the skull revealed several infiltrative lesions inside the brain, some with cavities suggestive to metastatic abscesses, most likely of fungal etiology (Aspergillus) as a result of hematogenous spread of pulmonary aspergillosis. Despite therapy and all other precautions, the patient died. The autopsy was not carried out. Conclusion. In addition to other complications, COVID-19 patients may develop pulmonary aspergillosis, which can be fatal because of the possibility of hematogenous spread to the brain.
Has something changed about chronic cocaine abuse over time? An instructive example from the forensic collection
Authors: Nikolic Slobodan , Djukic Danica , Lukic Vera , Zivkovic Vladimir
Published: August 2022

Introduction. Herein we present an illustrative case from the Forensic Museum collection made by Professor Milovan Milovanovic (1884?1948). Museum specimen No. 465 represents a jar containing three glass syringes and two small bottles of 10?20 ml, sealed with corks, found in the pockets of the deceased whose autopsy was performed in 1929. Case outline. It was a 30-year-old male, found dead in a tavern shed, a former medical student, lieutenant, and Russian emigre who came to Belgrade, Serbia in 1921 following the commanding general of the anti-Bolshevik White Army, Pyotr Nikolayevich Wrangel. He was an alcoholic, a drug user, and a member of the so-called Russian cocaine quartet gang. In the autopsy report, Professor Milovanovic described a textbook example of a drug user: extremely malnourished body, skin covered with scabs, multiple ?purulent abscesses? and ?livid infiltrations,? and attenuated nasal septum with mucosa covered with scabs. Internal autopsy findings included fatty liver, pneumonia, and anemia of all internal organs. At the time, the whole brain, tissue of internal organs, and contents of the stomach and intestines were used for the analysis (?the Stas?Otto method for extraction of alkaloids?). Qualitative analyses showed ?the presence of cocaine? in all the examined organs, and the analysis of the content from the ?cloudy, colorless liquid? found in the dark bottle showed that it contained ?0.0113 g of morphinum hydrochloricum.? Conclusion. Contemporary analyses of the material from one of the syringes and the transparent glass bottle performed 90 years later showed the presence of cocaine, morphine, and codeine, confirming that the cause of death was drug-related.
Pathologic complete response in metastatic right-sided colon cancer treated with panitumumab and FOLFOX4 chemotherapy regimen
Authors: Dzunic Miljana , Cvetanovic Ana , Petkovic Ivan , Todorovic-Stojanovic Ivana
Published: August 2022

Introduction. Recommended biological agents for the first-line treatment of left-sided metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) without mutations in RAS/BRAF genes are cetuximab or panitumumab, while for rightsided mCRC bevacizumab is advised instead. For transversal colon mCRC the data about biological treatment efficacy is lacking. We present a patient with right-sided mCRC originated from transversal colon where panitumumab and chemotherapy treatment resulted in an excellent outcome. Case outline. A 56-year-old woman was diagnosed with transversal colon adenocarcinoma, without RAS genes mutations, with multiple liver metastases disseminated in both lobes. After the operation of the primary tumor, the patient was treated with panitumumab and FOLFOX4 chemotherapy regimen. After two months of treatment, the dramatic response was evident ? The diameter sum of the target lesions decreased by 70.5%. After two more months of therapy, further decrease by 22.5% was evident. Liver metastases were operated on. Histopathology revealed fibrotic and necrotic tissue in all suspicious lesions, except in one focus, where adenocarcinoma was found, but with 90% of surrounding necrosis. Twelve months after liver surgery the patient is without signs of the progressive disease. Conclusion. Detailed comprehensive studies of genetic features of mCRC hold a key to personalized treatment options and better outcomes for patients with mCRC.
The Association between Stock Liquidity and Audit Pricing
Authors: Campbell John L. , Duchac Jonathan E. , Shi Wei , Stice Derrald
Published: August 2022

Prior research finds that firms' stock liquidity is associated with more aggressive discretionary accruals and revenues, suggesting that firms face pressure to make more aggressive accounting decisions when liquidity is high. However, the literature has yet to examine whether the effects of liquidity on financial reporting quality are severe enough to impact audit risk. We address this gap and offer three main findings. First, we find a positive association between stock liquidity and the probability of restatements, suggesting that the pressures from liquidity to engage in aggressive reporting decisions are severe enough to increase audit risk. Second, we find a positive association between stock liquidity and audit fees, suggesting that auditors at least partially incorporate the audit risk from liquidity into their pricing decisions. Finally, we find that the positive association between liquidity and audit pricing is concentrated in firms with poor corporate governance mechanisms.

JEL Classifications: G12; G30; M42.
Dental students' interest in orthodontic careers: do orthodontic-related experiences and faculty and practitioner role models matter?
Authors: Wendling Nolan , Kim-Berman Hera , Inglehart Marita R.
Published: August 2022

Objectives

To assess the percentage of dental students interested in orthodontics and likely to apply to orthodontic residency programs, the role of orthodontic-related experiences, and of orthodontic faculty and practitioner role models for student career decision-making.

Materials and Methods

This study had a cross-sectional design. A total of 335 students from seven U.S. dental schools responded to an anonymous web-based survey.

Results

35% were much/very much interested in becoming orthodontists and 26% were likely to apply for this specialty training. A total of 80.1% had orthodontic treatment, 58.7% knew an orthodontist in their community, 44% had shadowed an orthodontist, and 10.8% had worked in an orthodontic practice before dental school. Respondents evaluated orthodontic practitioners more positively than orthodontic faculty. They considered practitioners as more compassionate providers than faculty members (5-point scale with 5 = agree strongly: mean = 4.25 vs 3.83; P < .001), making more of a difference in their patients' lives (4.44 vs 4.05; P < .001), and as better role models (4.21 vs 3.94; P < .001) who encouraged students more to pursue orthodontics (4.03 vs 3.65; P < .001). Their interest in becoming an orthodontist and in applying for an orthodontic residency program correlated with educational experiences (r = 0.35; P < .001 / r = 0.34; P < .001) and positive impressions of orthodontic faculty (r = 0.23; P < .001 / r = 0.22; P < .001) and practicing orthodontists (r = 0.29; P < .001 / r = 0.27; P < .001).

Conclusions

Better understanding of factors motivating dental students to pursue orthodontics is crucial. Orthodontic practitioners and faculty play an important role in this context.
High HbA1c Levels Are Associated With Development of Trigger Finger in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: An Observational Register-Based Study From Sweden
Authors: Rydberg Mattias , Zimmerman Malin , Gottsäter Anders , Eeg-Olofsson Katarina , Dahlin Lars B.
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE

Trigger finger (TF) is a hand disorder causing the fingers to painfully lock in flexion. Diabetes is a known risk factor; however, whether strict glycemic control effectively lowers risk of TF is unknown. Our aim was to examine whether high HbA1c was associated with increased risk of TF among individuals with diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

The Swedish National Diabetes Register (NDR) was cross-linked with the health care register of the Region of Skåne in southern Sweden. In total, 9,682 individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and 85,755 individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) aged ≥18 years were included from 2004 to 2019. Associations between HbA1c and TF were calculated with sex-stratified, multivariate logistic regression models with 95% CIs, with adjustment for age, duration of diabetes, BMI, and systolic blood pressure.

RESULTS

In total, 486 women and 271 men with T1D and 1,143 women and 1,009 men with T2D were diagnosed with TF. Increased levels of HbA1c were associated with TF among individuals with T1D (women OR 1.26 [95% CI 1.1–1.4], P = 0.001, and men 1.4 [1.2–1.7], P < 0.001) and T2D (women 1.14 [95% CI 1.2–1.2], P < 0.001, and men 1.12 [95% CI 1.0–1.2], P = 0.003).

CONCLUSIONS

Hyperglycemia increases the risk of developing TF among individuals with T1D and T2D. Optimal treatment of diabetes seems to be of importance for prevention of diabetic hand complications such as TF.
An Approach to Collecting School District Level COVID-19 Mask Mandate Information in the United States form the Web using Tools Powered by Artificial Intelligence.
Authors: Asrar Sadaf , Arnautovic Imer , Loew Dan
Published: August 2022

The objective of this study was to collect online information about COVID-19 mask mandates in United States (U.S.) school districts using artificial intelligence to verify and contribute to official statistics collected by the U.S. Department of Education (ED) and linking to data reported by U.S. states.

To collect the data, the authors developed a customized web scraping tool using the Python package BeautifulSoup to automate Google searches of mask mandates in school districts in the U.S. These automated searches retrieved a pre-determined number of top search results in a tabular format. Next, the authors developed Natural Language Processing (NLP) code that read the search results and classified which school districts had implemented a mask mandate. This classification was achieved by developing and training a supervised machine learning algorithm using the search results data that were manually labelled by the authors.

As a pilot study, the authors were able to successfully develop the automated Google search tool to query and retrieve school district level mask mandate information for the state of Ohio. The algorithm trained using this data classified which school districts had implemented a mask mandate with an accuracy of 87 percent. The data predicted by the algorithm was used to verify the same data collected by ED through monthly surveys of public schools, and will inform masking policy data for states that had low response rates to the ED survey. These data will also be linked to data on the number of COVID-19 cases in schools reported by state governments to assess the success of masking policies in reducing COVID-19 case counts.

The results of the study demonstrate that large scale data collection and validation activities can be conducted with high accuracy at a low cost and can be repeated more frequently than surveys can without incurring any additional burden on potential respondents.
Educational and health outcomes of schoolchildren in local authority care in Scotland: a retrospective record linkage study.
Authors: Fleming Michael
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesLooked-after-children are defined as children who are in the care of their local authority. Previous studies have reported that looked-after-children have poorer mental and physical health, increased behavioural problems, and increased self-harm and mortality compared to peers. They also experience poorer educational outcomes yet population wide research into the latter is lacking, particularly in the UK. Education and health share a bidirectional relationship therefore it is important to dually investigate both outcomes. Our study aimed to compare educational and health outcomes for looked-after-children with peers, adjusting for sociodemographic, maternity and comorbidity confounders.

ApproachLinkage of nine Scotland-wide databases, covering dispensed prescriptions, hospital admissions, maternity records, death certificates, annual pupil census, examinations, school absences/exclusions, unemployment, and looked-after-children provided retrospective data on 715,111 children attending Scottish schools between 2009 and 2012.

ResultsCompared to peers, 13,898 (1.9%) looked-after-children were more likely to be absent and excluded from school, have special educational need and neurodevelopmental multimorbidity, achieve the lowest level of academic attainment, and be unemployed after leaving school. They were more likely to require treatment for epilepsy, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and depression, be hospitalised overall, for injury and self-harm, and die prematurely. Compared to children looked after at home, children looked after away from home had less absenteeism, less exclusion, less unemployment, and better attainment. Therefore, amongst those in care, being cared for away from home appeared to be a protective factor resulting in better educational outcomes.

ConclusionsLooked-after-children had poorer health and educational outcomes than peers independent of increased neurodevelopmental conditions and special educational need. Further work is required to understand whether poorer outcomes relate to reasons for entering care, including maltreatment and adverse childhood events, neurodevelopmental vulnerabilities, or characteristics of the care system.
A Field Analysis of Standardizing Place-Based Indicators.
Authors: Youngs Isabel , Scariano Joseph
Published: August 2022

There is a lack of evidence that place-based indicators effectively measure predictors and outcomes at appropriate geographies and temporal scales. For example, shifts in collection method or definitions can result in changes to components of measurement that may or may not be concomitant with changes in the populations being measured. The Massive Data Institute is currently conducting a landscape analysis of place-based indicators and is in the process of reaching out to hundreds of experts in order to develop a framework for creating and evaluating indicators for various use cases. Standardizing the methods and components of place-based indicators can unravel relationships between measurement and differential outcomes for groups. By disentangling these relationships, the field can begin to establish best practices for equitable indicators and determine gaps or biases in measurement across groups. These standards can be replicated across various indicators, ensuring continuity of measurement across space and time.

Preliminary results reveal that one major issue with the field of place-based indicators is the definition of place that many indices and indicators use. Changes and discontinuities between census geographies decade to decade can contribute to measurement shifts or gaps in measurement for certain urban typologies, such as outlying metropolitan counties or rural communities. Additionally, these boundaries are often arbitrary and unassociated with local-level knowledge of community geography. While utilizing census boundaries can allow for data linkage across federally-created data sets, additional methods for augmenting spatial data to conduct more granular place-based analyses can assist researchers in conducting more accurate analyses for many use cases.

This presentation will dive into this issue, address some alternative methodologies and standards, and further summarize our preliminary findings and present a framework for feedback.
Linking fathers and children in administrative data for public health research: A systematic scoping review.
Authors: Lut Irina , Harron Katie , Hardelid Pia , O'Brien Margaret , Woodman Jenny
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesThe evidence-base for inter-related paternal and child health trajectories is not supported by linked, routinely collected administrative data in England. We conducted a scoping review to identify methods used globally for linking fathers and children in administrative data for public health research and map these methods onto dimensions of fatherhood.

ApproachWe searched PubMed, Scopus and Google/Google Scholar for articles published 2000-2020 from OECD countries that link fathers’ and children’s records in administrative data. Search terms included for example: “father” and “administrative data” or “record linkage”. The exposures of interest were any demographic, health, or other characteristics of fathers during their offspring's childhood or prior to birth captured within administrative data. We included studies where paternal information came from fathers' linked records and if outcomes were related to child health and development (e.g. educational attainment, behavioural outcomes, hospital admissions) measured before 18 years of age.

ResultsWe identified 77 studies that quantified the association between paternal exposures and child health and development outcomes, using linked administrative data on fathers and their children. Four methods have been used globally to link fathers and children across vital statistics, health, social care, education, and criminal justice records. These methods are based on personal identity numbers (PINs), address or household identifiers, information from birth registrations, or health claims. We mapped what we can learn from these different linkages to dimensions of fatherhood identified through a conceptual framework. For example, for the linkage method based on address/household identifiers, co-residency may be used as a proxy for all dimensions of paternal involvement. However, substantial assumptions are needed when using linkage methods as proxies for paternal involvement.

ConclusionIn many settings, changes in practice (such as recording fathers’ National Health Service numbers on hospital birth notifications in England) are required to facilitate linkage of father-child health data at the population level. This would help advance fatherhood research and enable targeted service offers to new fathers.
Epidemiology of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Scotland; impact of Scottish strategy and COVID-19 pandemic.
Authors: Halbesma Nynke , Kent Andy , Clegg Gareth
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesLow Scottish survival rates after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) resulted the launch of the Scottish out-of-hospital cardiac arrest strategy in 2015. Data-linkage including SAS data and other datasets has enabled monitoring the impact of the strategy and COVID-19 on bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (bCPR) and 30 days survival rates.

ApproachAll incident OHCA cases between 2011 and 2020 cases where resuscitation has been attempted were identified in the SAS data. These OHCA cases have been linked with a broad range of other administrative datasets including unscheduled care datamart (UCD), hospitalisations (SMR01) and deaths data. The Community Health Index (CHI), a unique identifier used across all health records in Scotland enabled this data linkage through direct and probabilistic linkage (CHI retrieved and used for further linkage). Descriptive analysis and logistic regression analyses were used to assess the impact of both the implementation of the strategy and the COVID-19 pandemic.

ResultsOver 27,000 non-traumatic OHCAs with resuscitation attempted by the SAS, between 2011 and 2020 were identified. Successful data-linkage improved over time reaching >85% at the end of data collection. Confounder adjusted logistic regression showed higher adjusted odds of bCPR (OR=2.7) and 30days survival rates (7.3% versus 10.2% or increase from 44.5 per million population to 58.5 per million population) comparing 2014-15 and 2018-19 data. Initial analyses show that during the COVID-19 pandemic (March 2020-February 2021) bCPR percentages remained stable however 30days survival rates dropped to 6.9%.

ConclusionThe launch of the Scottish OHCA strategy and subsequent initiatives to improve bCPR rates has led to an increase in bCPR and 30 days survival rates. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on survival. Analyses are underway to gain insight in detailed explanations for these findings.
Analytical considerations when using the Scottish and English Cancer Registries for applied research: the case of colorectal cancer.
Authors: Lemmon Elizabeth , Birch Rebecca , Hall Peter , Morris Eva , Downing Amy
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we carry out a retrospective analysis of the Scottish and English cancer registries for the case of colorectal cancer. We aim to assess the comparability of variable coding between the datasets and create derived variables and open access code for use by researchers working with linked Scottish and English cancer registry data.

We bring together the national data dictionaries for the Scottish and English cancer registries and define a list of targeted variables. We establish the consistency of variable coding across the two registries, identifying fully complete, near complete, partial, composite and impossible matched variables. In the case of near complete, partial and composite matches, we create derived variables between the two registries. We liaise with NHS staff working within the retrospective registry teams to validate the derivations. Finally, we produce corresponding documentation for the dissemination and preservation of final data items.

We considered 63 variables for analysis. Preliminary results show that there is a high degree of similarity between the Scottish and English cancer registries. In particular, 82% of variables were fully, nearly or partially matched, with the remaining 12% and 6% composite matches and impossible matches respectively. The session with the respective cancer registry teams will take place in May 2022. At which point we will present our existing results and seek their input into the final derived data items. Following this, we will publish documentation detailing the derived variables and associated code, to be made available to other researchers working with the Scottish and English cancer registries.

This study provides a useful starting point for any researchers seeking to use the linked Scottish and English cancer registry data for applied research. Whilst our analysis has focused on colorectal cancer, the majority of variables are applicable for any cancer. Future research should extend this work to include staging variables for other cancers.
Childhood cognitive ability and the risk of self-harm and suicide in later life.
Authors: Iveson Matthew
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesSuicide rates are high among older adults, with self-harm as an important risk factor. In middle-aged adults, self-harm and suicide risk appears to be predicted by early-life factors including cognitive ability. The present study examines whether associations between early-life factors and self-harm and suicide can be observed among older adults.

ApproachWe construct a large, representative cohort using participants of the Scottish Mental Survey 1947 – a nationwide assessment of cognitive ability and socioeconomic conditions administered to all 11-year-olds attending a Scottish school (N ~ 70,000). We link research data from childhood to later-life (age 50+) routinely-collected hospital admissions and deaths data.

ResultsUsing survival analyses, we report the associations between early-life predictors – including childhood cognitive ability – and the risk of self-harm and suicide in later-life, further adjusting for proximal socioeconomic conditions and comorbidities.

ConclusionWe demonstrate the importance of early-life factors for predicting self-harm and suicide among older adults, highlighting potential mechanisms, modifiable factors and markers. The implications of the results for research and policy are discussed.
Introducing a new Trusted Research Environment - the Safe Haven Artificial Platform (SHAIP).
Authors: Wilde Katie , Anderson Lesley , Boyle Moragh , Pinder Alan , Weir Alexander
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesScotland has an established Trusted Research Environment (TREs) through the Scottish Safe Haven Network. These Safe Havens traditionally service structured datasets, however, researchers increasingly require access to large multi-modal linked datasets that include medical imaging.  We therefore introduced an equivalent to access anonymised NHS images and reports.

ApproachA pan-Scotland collaboration of 15 partners from industry, NHS, and academia, collaborated to design and deploy a Safe Haven equivalent for SMEs and researchers interested in accessing anonymised NHS imaging and reports to allow them to develop, test, and validate AI algorithms for greater patient benefit. Two Safe Haven sites, worked with a leading medical software research and development team, to deliver a secure analytical platform for the research and development of AI for medical applications.

ResultsThe Safe Haven Artificial Platform (SHAIP) is designed to support development of sophisticated AI components and has been used by several SME’s to undertake exemplar projects in stroke, breast screening, and x-ray interpretation for limb fracture and chest.  These researchers were supported by the Safe Haven’s governance processes.  SHAIP became the first research environment to be directly linked to the Scottish National PACS archive.  Access was provided to project specific deidentified images using ‘Hidden in plain sight’; a privacy and data-structure preserving technique. The researchers were able to upload virtual-machines, or ‘dockers’, to bring their toolsets to their research workspaces.  An annotation capability was provided to support ground-truth development for machine learning.

ConclusionThe project has shown we can pull large scale medical images and reports into a TRE in such a way NHS Boards are reassured by our methods, creating a safe analytical platform for AI development that will benefit patient care by providing faster, cheaper and more accurate solutions.
Exploring the potential of the newly linked Growing up in England dataset for building up new evidence for Gypsy, Traveller and Roma young people.
Authors: Obolenskaya Polina
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesThis paper aims to test and demonstrate the potential of the newly linked Growing up in England (GUIE) dataset for building up new evidence, knowledge and understanding of education and socio-economic circumstance of an often ‘invisible’ group of children and young people - Gypsy, Roma and Travellers.

ApproachThe paper utilises the first wave of the newly linked Growing up in England dataset, which consists of administrative education data for children and young people in schools and further education institutions in England linked to their 2011 Census records. It focuses on qualifications studied as well as attainment achieved of a cohorts of Gypsy, Traveller and Roma young people between age 15 (around the time of 2011 Census) and 19. The analysis explores the relationship between educational pathways and attainment for these young people and their household/family characteristics recorded in the 2011 Census.

ResultsThis exploratory study shows that Gypsy, Traveller and Roma young people are more likely to be disadvantaged across multiple dimensions such as health and housing, and are less likely to achieve level 1, 2 and 3 educational qualifications compared to their peers.

ConclusionsEvidence on outcomes for Gypsy, Traveller and Roma children and young people is scarce, in part due to limited available data on them. The newly linked GUIE dataset is therefore a rare opportunity to improve the evidence base for education and socio-economic outcomes for this group.
PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS DAN KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN PROPERTY DAN REAL ESTATE
Authors: Praptoyo Sugeng , Ardhyansyah Vingky Riswanto
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh profitabilitas yang diproksikan dengan Return On Equity dan Kebijakan Deviden yang diproksikan dengan Dividend Payout Ratio terhadap harga saham pada perusahaan sektor industri property dan real estate yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2017-2020. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel Return On Equity tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan, Hal ini terjadi karena ternyata laba perusahaan yang menjadi salah satu indikator perhitungan ROE bukanlah satu satunya indikator dalam pengambilan keputusan harga saham. ROE hanya menggambarkan kemampuan perusahaan untuk menghasilkan keuntungan dengan investasi para pemilik, namun kurang menggambarkan perkembangan dan prospek perusahaan sehingga para investor tidak terlalu memperhitungkan ROE sebagai pertimbangan investasinya dan Dividend Payout Ratio memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap harga saham, hal ini menjelaskan bahwa investor lebih menyukai pembagian dividen yang kecil karena pajak yang dibayarkan juga mengikuti dividen yang diterima.
THE FACE BEHIND THE ZOOM: WHAT MATTERS?
Authors: Sunarto Emanuel
Published: August 2022

Since Covid-19 pandemic, Zoom has been adopted by many as an online platform to facilitate learning. This article addresses students’ (dis)agreement to how they perceive their faces in Zoom; whether it is technically a matter of either on-or-off video mode; of insecurities, of any psychological impacts, and of the notion of face as good name or reputation. A survey by means of Google form was organized in the last two meetings of two courses in the odd semester of academic year 2021-2022 to elicit students’ responses to any of Likert-based five scales of (dis)agreements to 16 statements concerning face in Zoom. 122 ELESP USD students of the third and fifth semester responded to this survey. Data were analyzied and interpreted by means of percentage of agreements. The findings reveal that the notion of face in Zoom is initially and in majority agreed as a matter of being in either on-or-off video mode which depends on the stability of internet connection. Next, being in on-or-off video mode is largely bound to whether there is any obligation to be so. The majority agree also that not showing face in Zoom allows them to do side work apart, and prevents matters of privacy from being exposed. The majority also agree that one’s face in Zoom reflects psychological aspects such self pride and honor, dignity, consideration, tact, poise, and perceptiveness. Preference to being on-or-off-video mode is also a matter of not exposing one’s state of insecurities, and is concerned with the notion of face as a representation and approval of self reputation or good name.
Novel Approach to Monitoring and Mitigating Power Quality Disturbances in Hybrid Renewable Energy System
Authors: Syed Khawar Hussain Shah  , Ali Hellany  , Mahmood Nagrial  , Jamal Rizk
Published: August 2022

Renewable energy sources are continually increasing their share in the energy system. The introduction of Hybrid Renewable Energy Sources (H.R.E.S.) in the electrical power system has gained momentum. The increased share of Renewable sources has resulted in an increase in Power Quality (P.Q.) disturbances at the user and consumer levels. This research will engineers dedicate the P.Q.disturbances produced in the electrical system due to Hybrid Renewable energy sources, especially solar and wind. The research will predict what type of P.Q.disturbances are introduced during power production. The study will focus on a stand-alone Hybrid Renewable Energy System (H.R.E.S.). The energy system data will be collected and used to produce a Fuzzy Logic (F.L.) algorithm to improve the mitigating techniques to reduce P.Q.disturbances. The suggested algorithm analyzesthe stored and continuous data from different sources. The data will be collected and used to drive the hardware to take appropriate actions at the mitigation level. The hardware used in the system consists of a Multiplexer (MUX) and different types of filters. The output of the multiplexer chooses the filters. The algorithm will improve the system's efficiency and help the designers improve the system's design capabilities. The monitoring system will help predict what type of P.Q.disturbances are produced when different energy sources are used to produce power. The proposed system monitors these P.Q.disturbances and classifies them according to their severity.
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Infrared Inspection of Photovoltaic Modules
Authors: S. Vergura
Published: August 2022

Supervision and monitoring are mandatory for large PhotoVoltaic(PV)plants, because failures can cause high power loss, due to the large number of PVmodules. InfraRed(IR)analysis is effective and reliable to detect anomalies or failures in PVmodules, but it is time consuming and then expensive, when the infrared inspection of large PV plants is manual. The diffusion of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)equipped by infrared camera can support the fast supervision of PVplants, but the use of UAVsis regulated by international and national rulesand its utilization is limited, based on geographic areas and/or authorizations. This article discusses these critical issues, directs the reader to official, national, geographic maps for the drones, and suggests technical solutions for some specific issues not considered in the technical specification for outdoor infrared thermography of PVmodules.
Peran Kepala Sekolah dalam Supervisi Pendidikan
Authors: Nurkholis Nurkholis
Published: August 2022

This paper aims to explain the role of principals in educational supervision. The principal has a role in quality development, school progress, improvement, approaches to learning methods and techniques, curriculum development, and creating a conducive and integrative learning climate. Educational supervision is currently developing very rapidly, thus encouraging the acceleration of science and information technology growth. Therefore, education must improve the quality of learning in schools. Schools as formal educational institutions must develop all the potential possessed by students. This research is library research with data sources in books or manuscripts related to school principals' leadership and educational supervision. This research is library research with data sources in manuscripts or books containing leadership principals in academic management. This research uses documentation data collection techniques and inductive data analysis. These findings indicate that the principal's leadership in educational supervision plays a central role in building school organizations to realize quality education.
Diretrizes para Autores
Authors: Executiva Editoria
Published: August 2022

A Revista Brasileira de Estudos Pedagógicos (RBEP) publica apenas textos inéditos na área de Educação. É um periódico de acesso aberto sob licença Creative Commons, portanto permite compartilhar, distribuir, exibir e fazer trabalhos derivados de seu conteúdo, desde que se atribuam os créditos devidos. Não há cobrança de taxa para download de artigos individuais ou de edições completas, bem como para submissão, processamento ou publicação de artigos.
Reconstructing Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs towards inclusive infrastructure development needs assessment
Authors: Omodan Bunmi Isaiah , Abejide Samuel O.
Published: August 2022

This article focuses on Maslow’s theory of hierarchy of needs, which has been criticized for lacking scientific evidence towards an effective municipal infrastructure management system. To ameliorate this, we contend that 21st-century management is not limited to the cardinal direction of motivation from the bottom hierarchy to the top hierarchy, as indicated by Maslow. We also argue that Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory did not take cognizance of innovations and situational advancements embedded in societal dynamism. Our argument is located within the principles of the interpretive paradigm. This paradigm enables us to analyze the deficiencies inherent in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs within the 21st-century needs assessment perspective and re-establish the necessity for the novel motivation needs theory to cater for the changing world. In doing this, we engaged conceptual analysis as a method of analyzing or making sense of perceived complex concepts towards meaning-making. We conclude that an inclusive infrastructure needs assessment must be geared towards a reformed approach of people’s satisfaction, which informs the necessity to reconstruct Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory. The needs satisfaction of the populace or community should be of prime importance, in addition to ensuring that people’s satisfaction is met towards enhancing and promoting socio-economic growth and development.
ANALISIS PENGENDALIAN PERSEDIAAN BAHAN BAKU AKRILIK MENGGUNAKAN METODE EOQ PROBABILISTIK DAN SIMULASI MONTE CARLO PADA PT. XYZ
Authors: Chandra Alvina , Kristina Helena Juliana , . Andres
Published: August 2022

PT. XYZ merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak pada bidang pembuatan akrilik. Akrilik yang ditawarkan oleh PT. XYZ terdiri dari tiga jenis warna, yaitu bening, putih susu, dan hitam. Permintaan dan lead time bahan baku akrilik di PT. XYZ yang bersifat probabilistik menyebabkan perusahaan kesulitan untuk mengendalikan persediaan bahan bakunya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk menentukan ukuran pemesanan bahan baku akrilik yang ekonomis di PT. XYZ. Tahapan penelitian dimulai dari proses pengumpulan data, yaitu data permintaan, data lead time,dan data biaya persediaan periode Agustus 2020 – Juli 2021. Selanjutnya, dilakukan perhitungan order quantity, reorder point, safety stock, dan total biaya persediaan dengan metode EOQ Probabilistik. Setelah itu, dilanjutkan dengan simulasi permintaan dan lead time dengan simulasi Monte Carlo untuk memprediksi data permintaan periode selanjutnya serta menghitung total biaya persediaan hasil simulasi tersebut. Terakhir, dilakukan perbandingan total biaya persediaan antara metode perusahaan dan metode usulan. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan dengan metode EOQ Probabilistik, diperoleh nilai order quantity masing-masing sebesar 34 ton, 5,4 ton, dan 7,3 ton untuk bahan baku ARC Bening, ARC Putih Susu, dan ARC Hitam dengan nilai reorder point masing-masing 21 ton, 0,9 ton, dan 1,5 ton. Dari hasil simulasi, diperoleh total biaya persediaan periode selanjutnya sebesar Rp19.400.673.130,00. Berdasarkan hasil perbandingan dengan metode perusahaan, diperoleh biaya penghematan persediaan bahan baku sebesar Rp310.941.861,00 atau sebesar 1,57%. Kata kunci: Pengendalian Persediaan, Quantity Order, Reorder Point, EOQ Probabilistik, Simulasi Monte Carlo