bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Speed Control of Induction Motor by Using Voice Recognition Using Bluetooth
Authors:   D.r.Mahalingam college of engineering and Technology Pollachi, India., M Prabhu Raj , S T sudarsanam , A Nivash , T Tholkappian
Published: May 2023

The project's goal is to develop a voice recognition and Bluetooth communication-based system for managing an induction motor's speed. The system is made up of two primary components: the speech recognition module, which is in charge of understanding user voice instructions, and the motor control module, which regulates to response to user voice commands. A speech recognition algorithm processes the user's vocal commands after being captured by the voice recognition module's microphone. control module receives the commands from the algorithm via Bluetooth communication. PWM method is used by the module to adjust the speed of induction after receiving commands. Without the use of physical buttons or switches, voice recognition technology offers customers a simple and practical way to adjust the motor's speed. The study shows that voice recognition technology and Bluetooth connectivity may be used to regulate the speed of induction motors, providing a practical and user-friendly solution for a variety of applications. Key Word: Induction motor, voice recognition, pulse-width modulation.
Modeling Annotation Uncertainty with Gaussian Heatmaps in Landmark Localization
Authors: Thaler Franz , Payer Christian , Urschler Martin , Štern Darko
Published: May 2023

In landmark localization, due to ambiguities in defining their exact position, landmark annotations may suffer from large observer variabilities, which result in uncertain annotations. To model the annotation ambiguities of the training dataset, we propose to learn anisotropic Gaussian parameters modeling the shape of the target heatmap during optimization. Furthermore, our method models the prediction uncertainty of individual samples by fitting anisotropic Gaussian functions to the predicted heatmaps during inference. Besides state-of-the-art results, our experiments on datasets of hand radiographs and lateral cephalograms also show that Gaussian functions are correlated with both localization accuracy and observer variability. As a final experiment, we show the importance of integrating the uncertainty into decision making by measuring the influence of the predicted location uncertainty on the classification of anatomical abnormalities in lateral cephalograms.
Deep Learning for Regularization Prediction in Diffeomorphic Image Registration
Authors: Wang Jian , Zhang Miaomiao
Published: May 2023

This paper presents a predictive model for estimating regularization parameters of diffeomorphic image registration. We introduce a novel framework that automatically determines the parameters controlling the smoothness of diffeomorphic transformations. Our method significantly reduces the effort of parameter tuning, which is time and labor-consuming. To achieve the goal, we develop a predictive model based on deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) that learns the mapping between pairwise images and the regularization parameter of image registration. In contrast to previous methods that estimate such parameters in a high-dimensional image space, our model is built in an efficient bandlimited space with much lower dimensions. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our model on both 2D synthetic data and 3D real brain images. Experimental results show that our model not only predicts appropriate regularization parameters for image registration, but also improving the network training in terms of time and memory efficiency.
A Quantitative Comparison of Epistemic Uncertainty Maps Applied to Multi-Class Segmentation
Authors: Camarasa Robin , Bos Daniel , Hendrikse Jeroen , Nederkoorn Paul , Kooi M. Eline , van der Lugt Aad , de Bruijne Marleen
Published: May 2023

Uncertainty assessment has gained rapid interest in medical image analysis. A popular technique to compute epistemic uncertainty is the Monte-Carlo (MC) dropout technique. From a network with MC dropout and a single input, multiple outputs can be sampled. Various methods can be used to obtain epistemic uncertainty maps from those multiple outputs. In the case of multi-class segmentation, the number of methods is even larger as epistemic uncertainty can be computed voxelwise per class or voxelwise per image. This paper highlights a systematic approach to define and quantitatively compare those methods in two different contexts: class-specific epistemic uncertainty maps (one value per image, voxel and class) and combined epistemic uncertainty maps (one value per image and voxel). We applied this quantitative analysis to a multi-class segmentation of the carotid artery lumen and vessel wall, on a multi-center, multi-scanner, multi-sequence dataset of Magnetic Resonance (MR) images. We validated our analysis over 144 sets of hyperparameters of a model. Our main analysis considers the relationship between the order of the voxels sorted according to their epistemic uncertainty values and the misclassification of the prediction. Under this consideration, the comparison of combined uncertainty maps reveals that the multi-class entropy and the multi-class mutual information statistically out-perform the other combined uncertainty maps under study (the averaged entropy, the averaged variance, the similarity Bhattacharya coefficient and the similarity Kullback-Leibler divergence). In a class-specific scenario, the one-versus-all entropy statistically out-performs the class-wise entropy, the class-wise variance and the one versus all mutual information. The class-wise entropy statistically out-performs the other class-specific uncertainty maps in term of calibration. We made a python package available to reproduce our analysis on different data and tasks.
Patch-based Medical Image Segmentation using Matrix Product State Tensor Networks
Authors: Selvan Raghavendra , Dam Erik B , Flensborg Søren Alexander , Petersen Jens
Published: May 2023

Tensor networks are efficient factorisations of high dimensional tensors into network of lower order tensors. They have been most commonly used to model entanglement in quantum many-body systems and more recently are witnessing increased applications in supervised machine learning. In this work, we formulate image segmentation in a supervised setting with tensor networks. The key idea is to first lift the pixels in image patches to exponentially high dimensional feature spaces and using a linear decision hyper-plane to classify the input pixels into foreground and background classes. The high dimensional linear model itself is approximated using the matrix product state (MPS) tensor network. The MPS is weight-shared between the non-overlapping image patches resulting in our strided tensor network model. The performance of the proposed model is evaluated on three three 2D- and one 3D- biomedical imaging datasets. The performance of the proposed tensor network segmentation model is compared with relevant baseline methods. In the 2D experiments, the tensor network model yeilds competitive performance compared to the baseline methods while being more resource efficient.
Avaliação do efeito dos probióticos na saúde vaginal: revisão integrativa
Authors: Dabela Janaína Góes , De Oliveira Soeiro Cláudia Marques
Published: May 2023

Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito do uso dos probióticos para a saúde vaginal mediante evidências científicas. Métodos: Revisão integrativa, realizada em três bases de dados. Os termos utilizados nos cruzamentos foram “Probiotics”, “Vagina” e “Treatment”. Dentre os critérios de elegibilidade, os estudos deveriam ter sido publicados entre 2013 e 2023, apenas com mulheres acima de 18 anos, não histerectomizadas e que não estavam em tratamento para câncer. Excluiu-se revisões, estudos de caso, relatos de experiência, documentos que não eram artigos, dentre outros. O uso dos probióticos foi considerado de forma oral ou tópica, isolado ou combinado. Resultados: No total, 22 estudos foram incluídos na amostra final. Quase a totalidade dos resultados (81,8%) indicaram que os probióticos apresentam algum efeito significativo para melhoria da microbiota vaginal e redução de infecções no trato genital feminino. Conclusões: Os probióticos tem efeito benéfico para a saúde vaginal, conseguem reduzir o aparecimento de afecções, como vulvovaginites, e se associados a esquemas antimicrobianos, potencializam as chances de cura. Apesar dos achados, ainda são necessários maiores esclarecimentos acerca da dose-resposta e custo-efetividade dessas intervenções.
La evaluación de la función de investigación de las universidades argentinas a través del Programa de Evaluación Institucional del MinCyT
Authors: Kupervaser Ana Silvina , Corengia Angela
Published: May 2023

Habiendo transcurrido más de 15 años de la puesta en funcionamiento del Programa de Evaluación Institucional (PEI) bajo la órbita del Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva (MinCyT), no existen aún investigaciones académicas que analicen su diseño, implementación y/o impacto. El presente artículo se propone, desde una perspectiva teórico – metodológica de naturaleza descriptiva – evaluativa, los siguientes objetivos: (1) describir los orígenes del programa y el modelo propuesto por el PEI; (2) dar cuenta de la evolución de la adhesión institucional; (3) analizar las motivaciones y propósitos de la evaluación, dando cuenta de por qué y para qué se llevan a cabo estos procesos en las instituciones y (4) reflexionar acerca del propósito subyacente al PEI y su correspondencia con las motivaciones institucionales.
Computación en la Nube: Fundamentos, Críticas y Desafíos
Authors: Kamlofsky Jorge
Published: May 2023

Cluod Computing o Computación en la Nube es un término amplio que describe un gran abanico servicios tecnológicos. Para entender realmente cómo la nube puede ser valiosa para una organización, es importante entender qué es realmente la nube y cuáles son sus diferentes componentes. Dado que la nube es un amplio conjunto de servicios, las organizaciones pueden elegir dónde, cuándo y cómo utilizar la computación en la nube. En este trabajo se explican los diferentes tipos de servicios de computación en la nube denominados SaaS (Software as a Service), PaaS (Platform as a Service) e IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) englobados bajo el concepto de “La Pila de Servicios en la Nube” y se presentan ejemplos de casos de estudio. Se describen los modelos de despliegue e implementación de diferentes tipos de nube, algunas implementaciones para tecnologías disruptivas (Machine Learning, IOT, robótica ubicua, Blockchain). Se presentan también, inconvenientes, posturas críticas y desafíos relacionadas con este concepto.
Tipos de Métricas de calidad para validar datasets gubernamentales Argentinos
Authors: Martínez Roxana
Published: May 2023

Hoy en día, los datos son un recurso esencial para toda actividad de la administración pública, y es necesario que estén actualizados, claros y completos. Si bien varios trabajos relacionados con este tema se centran en la apertura de los datos públicos en los portales de las instituciones gubernamentales, existen pocas investigaciones centradas en el contenido de los conjuntos de datos disponibilizados. El énfasis en el estudio de la calidad de los datos permite que las tecnologías mejoren su uso, manipulación y distribución a los ciudadanos. Lo que a su vez permite, una mayor participación ciudadana y transparencia de los entes estatales. Este trabajo se centra en la implementación de varias métricas estándares, que sostienen principios de criterios de calidad para ayudar en el correcto procesamiento e interoperabilidad de los datos. La utilización de métricas de calidad favorece al encuadre de indicadores que permitan obtener un dato más limpio para ayudar en el análisis final a través de análisis cuantitativo.
A historical and ethical analysis of the constitutive effects of cameras
Authors: Waelen Rosalie
Published: May 2023

In this paper it is argued that cameras have constitutive effects on subjects and society and that these constitutive effects can have an undesirable impact on autonomy and emancipatory progress. By means of a historical analysis it is shown that cameras have shaped and directed social norms, people’s behavior, people’s perception of the world, and people’s self-formation. This historical analysis also teaches that cameras’ constitutive effects are often intended. In other words, cameras are often actively used as a tool to exercise constitutive power, which means that their impact on the world and the subject is not predetermined, but contingent. These insights from the past are especially valuable considering the fact that advancements in computer vision technology now make it possible to employ cameras for new purposes, such as augmented reality, automated surveillance, emotion recognition, facial recognition and machine vision. Learning from the history of the camera helps to take a critical stance towards these emerging smart cameras applications and ensure that, with their power to change the individual subject and society at large, smart cameras support autonomy and emancipation.
Sağlığın Teşviki ve Geliştirilmesinde Sağlık Psikolojisinin Rolü
Authors: KÖROĞLU Ahmet , ÖZKORUMAK KARAGÜZEL Evrim
Published: May 2023

Psikoloji, tıp ve fizyoloji araştırmalarındaki güncel gelişmeler sağlık ve hastalık hakkındaki birikimi yeni bir düşünme biçimine taşımıştır. Bu yeni kavramsal ağ, sağlığı ve hastalığı bilim insanı ve uygulayıcının bakış açısı etrafında toplayan ve insanın biyolojik yönlerini ana odak noktası gören biyomedikal yaklaşıma karşı biyopsikososyal (BPS) bakış açısını getirmiştir. Biyomedikal yaklaşımdan biyopsikososyal tıbba doğru olan bu değişim tıbbi uygulamanın her aşamasında bütüncül değerlendirmeyi esas almaktadır. Bu yaklaşımda sağlık psikolojisi (tıbbi psikoloji) önemli katkı sağlamıştır. Bu çalışmada biyopsikososyal modelin sağlık psikolojisi uygulamalarındaki yeri irdelenerek sağlık hizmetinden sorumlu olanlar tarafından daha iyi anlaşılması hedeflenmiştir. Ayrıca Türkiye’de sağlığın teşviki ve geliştirilmesinde sağlık psikolojisinin rolü ve güncel süreç değerlendirilerek yeni çalışma önerileri sunulmuştur. Biyopsikososyal modelin sağlığı ve hastalığa yaklaşımı nasıl etkilediğini anlama çabası güncel alan yazını dahilinde tartışılarak sağlığın geliştirilmesindeki rolü değerlendirilmiştir. Modern tıpta yaşanan sağlık ve hastalık hakkındaki bu paradigma değişimi ekseninde Türkiye’de sağlığın teşviki ve geliştirilmesinde sağlık psikolojisinin rolü ve güncel süreç değerlendirilerek yeni çalışma önerileri sunulmuştur.
Anos Loucos: Histórias da psicanálise às margens dos anos 1920. Seguido do Diário de Sophie Halberstadt-Freud.
Authors: Bocca Franscisco Verardi
Published: May 2023

Resenha do livro Anos Loucos: Histórias da psicanálise às margens dos anos 1920. Seguido do Diário de Sophie Halberstadt-Freud. São Paulo: Editora Autêntica, 2022.
PANDEMİDE SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARININ DENEYİMLEDİKLERİ PSİKOSOSYAL SORUNLARIN EKOLOJİK PERSPEKTİFTEN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: GÜL KAPISIZ Satı , GÖKÇEARSLAN ÇİFCİ Elif , ARSLAN ÖZDEMİR Ezgi
Published: May 2023

İnsanlık tarihi boyunca, birçok kez pandemileri deneyimlemiştir. Fakat Dünyanın güncel olarak yakinen deneyimlediği son pandemi olan covid-19’un tarihsel geçmişine göre daha derin, çok boyutlu ve farklı etkileri ortaya çıkmıştır. Covid-19 pandemisi dünyanın neoliberal döneminde sosyal devletin sorumluluğun azaltılmaya çalışıldığı, derinleşen gelir eşitsizliği ve yoksulluk ile mücadele edilen, sağlıksız ve aşırı kalabalık kentlerin hızla çoğalıp seyahat olanaklarının ve ticaretin ileri derecede küreselleştiği üretimin, tüketimin ve yaşamın hızlanması, sağlık hizmetlerinin özelleştirilmesi ve sağlığın bir meta haline geldiği bir döneme denk gelmiştir. Bu nedenle tıbbi etkilerinin dışında psikolojik, sosyal ve ekonomik anlamda farklı deneyimler yaşanmıştır. Bu deneyimler içinde en ağır fiziksel, sosyal ve psikolojik etkiyi yaşayan gruplardan biri de sağlık çalışanları olmuştur. Bu değerlendirme kapsamında sağlık çalışanlarının pandemiden etkilenme durumları ekolojik yaklaşım çerçevesinde fiziksel, duyuşsal, bilişsel, sosyal, ekonomik ve tinsel boyutları ile değerlendirilmiş olup sağlık çalışanlarının toplumun diğer kesimlerine göre pandemi sürecinden derinden etkilendikleri ve özellikle aşırı strese bağlı olarak baş etme mekanizmalarında aksaklıklar yaşandığı görülmüştür. Önleyici hizmetler geliştirilmediği taktirde uzun vadede ise yönetimi güçleşecek derin psikososyal etkiler yaşayacakları görülmektedir.
Koruyucu Aile Modelinde Duygusal Emek ve Ekonomik Tutum:İzmir İli Örneği
Authors: AYHAN Merve , SASMAN KAYLI Derya
Published: May 2023

Öz

Koruyucu aile hizmet modeli; korunma gereksinimi olan çocukların koruyucu ailelerin yanında belli ücretler karşılığında bakımının sağlandığı bir modeldir. Bu da ortaya iki önemli kavramı çıkarmaktadır: Duygusal emek ve ekonomik tutum. Uygulamada yaygın olan akraba ve yakın çevre koruyucu aile modeli ile süreli koruyucu aile modelinin duygusal emek ve ekonomik tutum boyutunun ortaya konulması amacıyla bu araştırma tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemi ve derinlemesine görüşme tekniği kullanılmıştır. 30 koruyucu anne ile koruyucu aile hizmetinin yaygın olarak uygulandığı İzmir ilinde yüz yüze görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Görüşmelerde konuyla ilgili literatür taranarak oluşturulmuş yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Toplanan veriler MAXQDA metin analiz programına aktarılarak tematik analiz yapılmıştır. Araştırmada koruyucu annelerin duygusal emek düzeylerinde bireysel faktörlerin yanı sıra koruyucu aile birimi, biyolojik aile ve çocuk ile kurduğu ilişkinin etkili olduğu saptanmıştır. Koruyucu aile hizmet modelinin aileler tarafından doğru anlaşılması ailelerin daha az duygusal emek sarf etmelerini sağlamaktadır. Süreçte yaşadıkları korku, kaygı gibi olumsuz duygularla baş etmekte zorlanan aileler daha fazla duygusal emek sarf etmekte ve psikolojik desteğe ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Duygusal emek ve ekonomik tutum hizmetin işlevselliği ve çocuğun iyilik hali açısından oldukça önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: koruyucu aile, duygusal emek, ekonomik tutum
Effective Teacher Training on Inclusive Practices: Using Needs and Interests to Design Professional Development and Follow-Up Support in South Africa
Authors:   School of Leadership and Education Sciences, University of San Diego, United States, J. Jez Rebekka , Luneta Kakoma ,   Faculty of Education, University of Johannesburg, South Africa
Published: May 2023

Research has found effective teacher training should be sustained, intensive, collaborative, experiential, research-based, and relevant. Since White Paper #6 (2001), South Africa has invested in teacher training on inclusive practices. Two-hundred-twenty-five educators from three provinces in South Africa were surveyed on how effectively they believed they were trained in inclusive environments, how confident they were in working with diverse learners, and what adaptations and supports they used. In this mixed-method study, the quantitative analysis indicated pre-service teachers perceived their credential program had prepared them for working in an inclusive environment; however, current teachers were less confident about their training, and most university faculty did not believe that they were effectively trained. Qualitative analysis of responses indicated the educators were able to identify scaffolding and differentiation of instruction as inclusive practices, but they were less likely to provide examples of effective interventions they used. Based on the data from the survey, professional development workshops and consultation sessions were offered to both the schools and universities. Educators (n=116) completed evaluations of the professional development program that indicated the training was helpful and requested additional training. Recommendations include increasing the amount of time and availability of training, additional support from administration, and additional resources for meeting the needs of diverse learners.
Parent and Teacher Perspectives on Differentiated Instruction for Inclusion of Children with Autism in India
Authors:   University of Northampton, UK, Sankardas Sulata Ajit
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to provide insights into the knowledge and awareness of applying Differentiated Instruction (DI) as an interventional tool for teaching children with Autism in mainstream schools, and thereby encouraging inclusive teaching practices. A mixed-methods approach was implemented with a purposive sample of stakeholders. These included mainstream teachers, special educators and parents. The research was conducted using questionnaires (distribution N=188) and 31 semi-structured interviews with respondents from a sample of six mainstream schools in Chennai, India. The findings suggest that stakeholders’ view DI strategies as being helpful and applicable for children with Autism. However, apprehensions were expressed, as DI strategies require planning, preparation, effort from teachers and support of other staff members. Teachers suggested the need for formal training in the implementation of DI strategies as this is a new teaching technique to many. Investigation of this evidence-based approach (DI) is a novel study within an Asian context and adds to the knowledge base of mainstream school teachers, special educators, parents and other support staff
ISLAM DAN IDENTITAS
Authors: Nursyahid Muhammad
Published: May 2023

Identitas merupakan tampilan yang terlihat, melekat pada diri individu. Ketika Islam sebagai suatu ajaran dipakaikan kepada diri individu, terlahir akulturasi budaya. Ada toleransi yang mudah didapatkan, sehingga rigiditas memungkinkan untuk dihindari. Itu sangat ideal dalam tataran teori. Namun dalam tataran praktek sosial kemasyarakatan, tidak mudah didapatkan. Sentimen-sentimen negatif sering kali terlontar, ketika satu komunitas menemukan satu individu yang berbeda secara “penampakan”, sehingga penghakiman sering kali prematur, yang pada akhirnya hanya menjadi pemakluman salah kaprah
KESADARAN SPIRITUAL SEBAGAI RUH KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA MADRASAH DALAM UPAYA PROFESIONALISASI GURU DI MA Al-KARIMIYAH
Authors: Damanhuri Ahmad
Published: May 2023

Spiritualisme merupakan ruh yang seringkali diabaikan. Padahal, kesadaran spiritual sangatlah penting terutama dalam membendung arus pendidikan modern yang bercorak sekuler. Dalam Pasal 1 UU Sisdiknas telah dijelaskan bahwa salah satu tujuan pendidikan adalah agar memiliki kekuatan spiritual keagamaan. Setidaknya terdapat sepuluh kriteria yang digunakan untuk mengukur kecerdasan spiritual seseorang yaitu 1) Kesadaran Diri, 2) Spontanitas, termotivasi Internal, 3) Memandang kehidupan dari visi berdasarkan nilai fundamental, 4) Holistik, melihat sistem dan universalitas, 5) Kasih sayang, 6) Teguh dalam kesulitan, 7) Menata kembali dalam gambaran besar, 8) Mempertanyakan secara mendasar, 9) Mandiri, teguh melawan mayoritas dan 10) Menghargai keragaman. Strategi kesadaran spiritual yang diterapkan Kepala Madrasah Al-Karimiyah untuk kinerja dalam melaksanakan tugas dan tanggung jawab profesional guru dan memiliki kinerja baik dengan tujuan membangun komitmen tenaga pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan dalam lingkungan kerjanya, sehingga benar-benar dapat melaksanakan tugas, fungsi dan tanggungjawab.
AKTUALISASI AL-QUR’AN DI ERA MODERN
Authors: Muhammadi A. Muwahhid
Published: May 2023

Sebagai pedoman hidup manusia, tentunya Al-Qur'an tidak hanya membahas aspek ketuhanan (spiritual) tetapi juga mencakup aspek temporal (duniawi) manusia; tidak hanya terkait dengan masalah mental tetapi juga masalah eksternal; mencakup tidak hanya masalah pribadi tetapi juga masalah sosial, tidak hanya masalah gaib tetapi juga masalah ilmiah. Ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi adalah bagian dari kebutuhan manusia - memiliki banyak peran dalam kebahagiaan hidup manusia, mereka juga harus menerima percikan dari Firman Tuhan. Jadi, pada umumnya umat Islam menganggap bahwa Al-Qur'an tidak bertentangan dengan temuan ilmiah, justru memberikan isyarat bagi manusia untuk mengembangkannya sesuai dengan ajakan Al-Qur'an untuk terus menerus merenungkan ayat-ayat Allah. Seperti halnya tafsir ilmiah, ia juga merupakan ijtihad yang dapat dibuktikan secara ilmiah meskipun masih memiliki kekurangan. Pada saat yang sama, efek psikologis dari interpretasi versi ini pada pembaca jauh lebih kuat daripada interpretasi lain karena bukti ilmiah - yang sering tidak dapat disangkal dan dapat ditinjau oleh siapa pun yang menggunakan metode yang sama.
Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer in Yemen: A hospital-based study
Authors: Ghanem Yahya Ali
Published: May 2023

Background: The incidence of gastroesophageal cancer has shown a rapid change in several areas of the world.Aim: to determine the sub site distribution of upper gastrointestinal cancer among patients underwent endoscopic clinic at AlThowrah hospital, Sana’a city, Yemen. Methods: Descriptive, hospital based study was carry out to study the sub site distribution of upper gastrointestinal cancers in Yemen. 1006 patients referred to Al-Thawra hospital-Sana'a from several public and privet hospitals. All gastric and esophageal cancer patients diagnosed during the period from January 2008 and July 2012 were included in the study. All patients admitted to this study were studied according to clinical protocol consisting of a standard questionnaire, clinical examination and endoscopic findings. The questionnaire was included demographic characteristics and endoscopic findings. The data were analysis using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS, Version 18.0.) descriptive statistics were apply. Results: A total of 1006 patients with upper gastrointestinal cancers were identified, 31.2% of the patients were referred from Amran, followed by 26.8% from Sana’a and 25.9% from Saada. 54.7% of the patients' had EC and 43.3% had GC. Adenocarcinoma accounts for 46%.Conclusion: There were considerable variations in the sub site of upper gastrointestinal cancers in the Yemen. Keywords: Cancer, Upper GI cancer, Gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, Yemen.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Associated with Atrial Fibrillation in Adult Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Carrasco Oswaldo Gómez , Gómez Carrasco Bryam Martin , Gómez Gerard , Espinoza-Rojas Rubén , Orihuela-Manrique Eder Jesús , García-Lara Rosa Angélica , Loayza-Castro Joan A. , Zeñas-Trujillo Gianella Zulema , Vera-Ponce Víctor Juan , Cruz-Vargas Jhony A. De La
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a common disease. However, its diagnosis and treatment are underestimated. The main reason is that the upper airway completely or partially collapses, leading to repeated sleep apnea episodes. In addition, atrial fibrillation(AF) is the most frequent arrhythmia in the world, these two entities may be related and are important public health problems.

Objective: To determine the association between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and atrial fibrillation in adult patients.

Materials and Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies that associate obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and atrial fibrillation was carried out. The search was carried out in 4 databases: PUBMED, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus.

Results: Eight studies were included (n=562241). A significant association was found between obstructive sleep apnea and atrial fibrillation (OR: 1.38; 95% CI 1.24 to 1.54). In addition, low heterogeneity was found between studies I2: 13%.

Conclusions: It was found that obstructive sleep apnea and atrial fibrillation are significantly associated.
Soutien social et bien-être psychologique au travail
Authors: Mérineau Samuel , Roberge Vincent , Provost Savard Yanick , Najem Joëlle , Londei-Shortall Jessica
Published: May 2023

Le soutien social offert par l’organisation contribuerait à un bien-être psychologique au travail plus élevé. La présente étude a pour but de préciser le lien entre trois sources de soutien social (collègues, superviseur et organisation) et le bien-être psychologique au travail. Deux cent dix-sept travailleurs ont répondu à un questionnaire électronique autorapporté. Des analyses corrélationnelles ont permis d’établir que le soutien organisationnel perçu est la source de soutien la plus fortement reliée au bien-être psychologique au travail (r = .65, p < .001). Des analyses de médiation a posteriori permettent d’expliquer que le soutien organisationnel perçu serait un médiateur partiel du lien entre le soutien du superviseur et le bien-être psychologique au travail (tests de Sobel significatifs avec un alpha de 0.05). Ainsi, le soutien du superviseur semble contribuer à la formation du soutien organisationnel perçu et ce dernier serait la source de soutien la mieux corrélée avec le bien-être psychologique au travail.
Santé organisationnelle : quels défis attendent les chercheurs de demain ?
Authors: Dubreuil Philippe , Dima Justine , Boivin Marie-Pier , St-Hilaire France , Courcy François
Published: May 2023

Le présent article a pour objectif d’examiner par une approche collaborative les besoins de la pratique et de la recherche relatifs à la santé organisationnelle et de favoriser la discussion autour d’un agenda de recherche sur les interventions en la matière. À partir d’une consultation effectuée directement auprès de chercheurs et de praticiens lors d’ateliers de discussion, de nombreux thèmes ont été évoqués en tant que priorités de recherche pour l’avenir. Plus spécifiquement, les participants indiquent que la santé du personnel, la récupération après le travail, le développement d’environnements alliant santé et productivité, l’utilisation de méthodes de recherche pragmatiques et la transformation du monde du travail sur les plans social, technologique et organisationnel constitueraient les principaux défis auxquels devront s’attaquer les chercheurs. Ces éléments sont présentés et discutés afin d’éclairer les travaux à venir dans ce secteur émergent.
Déterminants organisationnels de la santé des travailleurs : une revue systématique de méta-analyses
Authors: Landry Guylaine , Daneau Patrice , Provost Savard Yanick , Vautier Adélaïde , Dima Justine
Published: May 2023

Malgré de nombreuses études concernant les effets du travail sur la santé des travailleurs, les connaissances à ce sujet restent peu intégrées. Cette étude vise donc à dresser un bilan des connaissances sur les déterminants organisationnels de la santé psychologique et physique pour mieux sélectionner les interventions organisationnelles à implanter. Une revue systématique de méta-analyses a été réalisée ; 163 méta-analyses ont été retenues exposant 791 relations entre les déterminants organisationnels et la santé. Les résultats démontrent un faible effet des déterminants organisationnels recensés sur la santé physique tandis que la culture organisationnelle, renvoyant aux perceptions de justice, de respect et de soutien, de même que le leadership, se révèlent les déterminants ayant les plus forts liens avec la santé psychologique.
La performance comme vecteur des besoins individuels et organisationnels : cadre d’analyse de la qualité de vie au travail
Authors: Tornare Jessica , Rinfret Natalie
Published: May 2023

La qualité de vie au travail (QVT) est un enjeu majeur, au Québec comme dans la plupart des pays. Toutefois, les recherches se concentrent davantage sur les besoins des individus en matière de QVT plutôt que sur ceux de l’organisation. Basée sur une revue narrative de la littérature, cette étude propose de concilier les besoins individuels et organisationnels dans un cadre d’analyse systémique de la QVT. La QVT devient ainsi un vecteur de la performance. Les résultats permettent d’identifier les dimensions essentielles à une politique de QVT en lien avec la performance, et la démultiplication des effets lorsque la démarche est composée d’un ensemble de mesures cohérent et intégré à la stratégie de l’organisation. Enfin, des pistes de recherches sont proposées.
Facteurs de stress chez les stagiaires d’écoles de gestion
Authors: Bonello Mélanie , Landry Guylaine , Panaccio Alexandra , Chadwick Ingrid
Published: May 2023

Malgré l’ampleur de la problématique du stress au travail (OIT, 2016), les recherches portant sur le stress des stagiaires sont lacunaires. Cette étude qualitative vise à décrire la dynamique du stress au travail des stagiaires d’écoles de gestion, à travers les processus d’évaluation cognitive et les stratégies d’adaptation au stress (Lazarus & Folkman, 1984). Des entrevues semi-dirigées ont été réalisées auprès de 19 participants regroupés en trois catégories : stagiaires, superviseurs de stage en entreprise et coordonnateurs des stages d’une école de gestion. Les résultats révèlent que le stage génère du stress, mais au lieu d’engendrer de la détresse psychologique, il tend surtout à favoriser le bien-être. Un certain nombre de facteurs de stress organisationnels et individuels ont été établis comme pouvant porter atteinte à la santé psychologique des stagiaires, mais ils sont davantage perçus comme des défis plutôt que des menaces. La disponibilité des ressources individuelles et environnementales joue un rôle déterminant dans cette évaluation et dans l’adoption de stratégies proactives et fonctionnelles d’adaptation au stress favorisant un état de bien-être psychologique.
La vertu au sein des organisations : une synthèse de la littérature et avenues d’intervention
Authors: Belleville Karel , Dubreuil Philippe , Courcy François
Published: May 2023

Malgré les efforts investis pour comprendre les facteurs pouvant nuire à la performance des organisations, tels les comportements de fraude ou de violence, les symptômes de stress ou de dépression, il semblerait que celles-ci soient encore fragiles et les nombreux scandales qui éclatent à travers le monde entier en font preuve. Selon le courant du positive organizational scholarship, le développement de la vertu au sein des organisations pourrait s’avérer une alternative novatrice pour aider les organisations à atteindre un niveau de fonctionnement supérieur. Le présent article propose une recension de la littérature contemporaine de la vertu au sein des organisations, en abordant ses conceptions, formes et principaux résultats. Les principales retombées positives et applications pratiques sont de plus discutées en vue de stimuler l’intérêt pour ce nouveau champ de recherche.
Une analyse des profils motivationnels afin de mieux comprendre l’effet des contraintes et ressources professionnelles en emploi
Authors: Manganelli Lara , Gillet Nicolas , Laurent Vincent , Forest Jacques
Published: May 2023

La recherche basée sur la théorie de l’autodétermination met de l’avant l’importance de la présence simultanée de quatre types de motivation (intrinsèque, identifiée, introjectée, et extrinsèque) au sein des individus. La présente étude a pour objectif de découvrir comment les contraintes (p.ex., charge de travail) et les ressources (p.ex., soutien du superviseur) au travail sont liées à différents profils motivationnels. Un deuxième but de l’étude est d’identifier les conséquences des différents profils motivationnels pour le bien-être des employés (stress). Des analyses de profil latent réalisées sur un vaste échantillon de gestionnaires et d’employés (n = 1914) ont révélés la présence de quatre profils motivationnels. En outre, des analyses de régression logistiques ont démontré que le profil motivationnel élevé (niveau élevé des quatre formes de motivation) est plus fortement associé aux ressources, tandis que les profils très faible et faible (niveau faible des quatre types de motivation) sont plus fortement associés à la présence de conditions de travail considérées comme des contraintes. Finalement, le profil élevé démontre une association négative avec le niveau de stress. Les résultats amènent des recommandations pratiques quant aux manières les plus efficaces de favoriser une motivation élevée chez les employés.
Étude qualitative sur les facteurs qui contribuent à la décision d’un groupe de travailleurs seniors de se maintenir en emploi dans le secteur de l’éducation au Québec
Authors: Negrini Alessia , Dubé Jessica , Hupé Julie , Gragnano Andrea , Corbière Marc
Published: May 2023

Le secteur de l’éducation au Québec est caractérisé par la présence de travailleurs seniors âgés de 45 ans et plus et par le départ massif de baby-boomers. Cette étude de cas de nature qualitative a permis de constater que la culture organisationnelle non discriminante à l’égard de l’âge, le contenu du travail [p. ex., autonomie dans l’exécution des tâches, flexibilité des horaires], le soutien social et l’état de santé psychologique des travailleurs favorisent le maintien en emploi de 28 travailleurs seniors oeuvrant dans une commission scolaire québécoise. Le contexte de vie hors travail [p. ex., situation financière, état de santé du travailleur, pension du conjoint, charge familiale] contribue aussi au choix des participants de se maintenir en emploi jusqu’à la pleine pension.
Miser sur l’estime de soi organisationnelle et le soutien des collègues et du superviseur pour favoriser le bien-être psychologique au travail
Authors: Aubin Thomas , Couture Jonathan , Lachance Véronique , Malo Marie
Published: May 2023

Si le bien-être psychologique global fait l’objet de plusieurs études, le bien-être psychologique au travail est un construit en émergence et la compréhension de ses déterminants demeure limitée. S’appuyant sur la théorie de la conservation des ressources (Hobfoll, 1989, 2001), la présente étude vise à vérifier l’effet direct de l’estime de soi organisationnelle sur le bien-être psychologique au travail, de même que son effet indirect à travers le soutien des collègues et du superviseur. Pour ce faire, 210 travailleurs provenant d’entreprises variées ont répondu à des questionnaires mesurant ces variables. Les résultats des analyses de médiation (Hayes, 2009, 2013) appuient les hypothèses. La discussion présente des pistes d’intervention destinées aux professionnels de la psychologie du travail et des organisations.
Quels sont les facteurs liés à l’émergence du leadership transformationnel ? Résultats d’une étude empirique
Authors: Boudrias Jean-Sébastien , Brunelle Éric , Chénard-Poirier Léandre-Alexis , Rousseau Vincent , Phaneuf Julie-Élaine , Lajoie Denis
Published: May 2023

Très peu d’études ont porté sur les antécédents potentiels du leadership transformationnel, un type de leadership où le gestionnaire considère, stimule et inspire ses collaborateurs afin de catalyser leurs efforts dans la poursuite d’objectifs organisationnels. Cet article présente les résultats d’une étude qui a été réalisée auprès de 157 gestionnaires d’une organisation de sécurité publique et qui cherchait à explorer les antécédents personnels, contextuels et motivationnels du leadership transformationnel. Des corrélations bivariées et des analyses de régression nous ont permis d’identifier que des antécédents liés à la personnalité telle l’extraversion, des caractéristiques motivationnelles telles la vitalité au travail et des caractéristiques du contexte telles un climat d’innovation, ainsi que l’engagement du gestionnaire envers les collègues seraient liés à l’émergence du leadership transformationnel.
Pratiques de gestion des superviseurs et bien-être eudémonique de leurs subordonnés : une distinction de profils
Authors: Samson Irène , Paiement Anne-Marie , Hatier David Emmanuel , Bourgeois Chloée , Riopel Savanah , Dagenais Desmarais Véronique
Published: May 2023

Dans la documentation scientifique, peu d’études s’intéressent au lien entre les styles de supervision et la santé psychologique des subordonnés. De plus, aucune étude n’aurait établi le lien entre les styles de supervision et le bien-être eudémonique au travail. Selon la théorie de l’autodétermination, un individu vit du bien-être psychologique lorsque ses besoins psychologiques d’autonomie, de compétence et d’appartenance sont satisfaits. Une étude a été effectuée auprès de 95 travailleurs, puis une analyse de classification en deux étapes a fait ressortir trois profils de superviseurs : soutenant l’autonomie, psychologiquement contrôlant et ayant un profil intermédiaire. Le style soutenant est celui qui favoriserait le plus le bien–être eudémonique au travail.
« La grande épinettière », dernier roman de Magali Michelet ? Enquête de p/maternité
autour d’une oeuvre canadienne-française
Authors: Rao Sathya , Lacroix Denis
Published: May 2023

Déposé aux archives provinciales de l’Alberta à la fin des années 1990, « La grande
épinettière » est un manuscrit inédit attribué à Charles-Alexandre Michelet, qui fut
notamment rédacteur de l’hebdomadaire franco-albertain Le Courrier de l’Ouest de
1906 à 1916. Dans cet article, nous nous interrogerons sur la paternité de ce manuscrit à
partir de considérations à la fois biographiques, stylistiques, littéraires et
stylométriques. Même si Charles-Alexandre s’est aventuré dans sa jeunesse dans le domaine de
la littérature, signant même une pièce de théâtre, force est de constater à la lumière des
éléments recueillis qu’il n’a peut-être pas écrit « La grande épinettière ». Nous défendrons
l’hypothèse selon laquelle l’auteure véritable du manuscrit n’est autre que Marie-Louise
(alias Magali) Michelet, soeur de Charles-Alexandre et femme de lettres qui avait
acquis une certaine notoriété dans le Canada français des années 1920.
Study on awareness, knowledge, and practices towards antibiotic use among the educated and uneducated people of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan
Authors: Javed Shahzeb , Ahmad Junaid , Zareen Zainab , Iqbal Zahid , Hubab Muhammad , Rehman Mujaddad Ur , Shakeela Qismat , Khan Ibrar , Hayat Azam , Ahmed Shehzad
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance developed through the inadequate use of antibiotics; is an overriding task for global public health. Objective: To explore awareness, knowledge, and practices, and compare the elements associated with antibiotic misuse in different University students and uneducated people of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted from July to December 2020 using a validated questionnaire. Data were collected from eleven different university students and uneducated people of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Results: 3,600 questionnaires were completed, consisting of 56.9% Male and 43.0% Female. 1,999 (55.5%) of the antibiotic users reported through the survey used non-prescription antibiotics within a one-month study period. Out of the participants, 230 (6.3%) were uneducated or their education level was below matric rest were university students. 1999 (55.5%) reported buying Antibiotics with Medical Prescription. Most self-medicated participants (56.9%) stop taking antibiotics when they feel better. More than 90% of the respondents answered that doctors and pharmacist staff do not guide them well that how to use antibiotics. 2,171 (60.03%) respondents mistakenly believed that antibiotics improve restoration from coughs and colds. Only 720 (20%) respondents knew that antibiotics also disturb normal flora and 547 participants (15.9%) agree that unnecessary use of antibiotics causes bacterial resistance. Conclusion: Finding from this study may have important implications for public health policy in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan given the growing global resistance to antibiotics and the reported health issues related to their improper use.
Impact of COVID-19 on the sexual function and self-esteem of young Brazilian undergraduate students
Authors: Ponsone Giovana , Scudeller Tânia Terezinha , Oliveira Thais Passos de , Capozzoli Bruna , Ferrari Renata Bullio , Amaral Maria Teresa Pace do , Zanetti Miriam Raquel Diniz
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Satisfactory sexual function contributes considerably to women's physical and mental health and is affected by several factors, including chronic stress. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, these stressors have been intensified by fear of contamination and morbidity and mortality, deaths, and long-term social isolation. Objective: To evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the sexual function and self-esteem of young women attending university in Brazil and also investigate the importance of social isolation in these conditions. Methods: This longitudinal study included 90 students with active sexual life who answered questionnaires before (in person) and during (virtually) the pandemic. The instruments used were the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Results: Only 67 women answered all questionnaires sent during the pandemic and had a mean age of 22.9 (±2.99) years; most of them were eutrophic, healthy students and, had a fixed partner. The total FSFI score allowed us to classify women without sexual dysfunction and was not modified during the pandemic. On the other hand, the self-esteem found was slightly lower than that considered healthy and did not change during the pandemic. Women who maintained social distancing showed a statistically significant reduction in sexual function when compared to those who did not (p=0.003). Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic did not influence young women’s sexual function or self-esteem attending university in Brazil. However, the behavior of social isolation during the pandemic impaired the sexual function of these women.
Impactos da pandemia da COVID-19 nos atendimentos a urgências odontológicas na Atenção Primária à Saúde: um estudo ecológico
Authors: Gondim Raquel Silva , Melo Laila Felix de , Vieira Ed Wilson Rodrigues , Rocha Najara Barbosa da
Published: May 2023

Introdução: Após a instalação da pandemia da Covid-19, a atenção em saúde bucal nos serviços de Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) no Brasil se concentrou nos atendimentos de urgência. Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto da pandemia da COVID-19 no número de atendimentos a urgências odontológicas na APS no Brasil. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo analítico e ecológico com dados do Sistema de Informação em Saúde para a Atenção Básica referentes ao número de atendimentos realizados de março a dezembro de 2018 a 2020 nos serviços de APS de todo o Brasil para dor de dente, abscesso e traumatismo dentoalveolares. Diferenças entre as medianas do número de atendimentos mensais antes da pandemia (abril a dezembro de 2018 e 2019) e durante (abril a dezembro de 2020) foram analisadas usando o teste não paramétrico de Mann-Whitney U para amostras independentes considerando os intervalos interquartílicos (IIQ). Resultados: Foram analisados aproximadamente 14 milhões de atendimentos, sendo quase um terço deles ocorridos durante a pandemia. Houve redução na mediana do número mensal de atendimentos a urgências no Brasil (-16,5%; p<0,031). Atendimentos a dor de dente reduziram de uma mediana mensal de 448.802,0 para 377.941,5 (IIQ antes [IIQa]: 416.291,7-506.150,5; IIQ durante [IIQd]: 310.251,0-454.206,5), atendimentos de abscesso dentoalveolar reduziram de 34.929,0 para 27.705,5 (IIQa: 30.215,0-37.870,5; IIQd: 22.216,0-30.048,2) e a traumatismos dentoalveolares de 16.330,5 para 10.975,0 (IIQa: 14.800,0-18.472,7; IIQd: 8.111,2-13.527,5). Conclusão: Foram observadas reduções significativas na realização de procedimentos odontológicos de urgência na APS durante a pandemia de COVID-19.