bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fuzzy support vector machine with joint optimization of genetic algorithm and fuzzy c-means
Authors: Li Ming-Ai , Wang Ruo-Tu , Wei Li-Na
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND: Motor imagery electroencephalogram (MI-EEG) play an important role in the field of neurorehabilitation, and a fuzzy support vector machine (FSVM) is one of the most used classifiers. Specifically, a fuzzy c-means (FCM) algorithm was used to membership calculation to deal with the classification problems with outliers or noises. However, FCM is sensitive to its initial value and easily falls into local optima. OBJECTIVE: The joint optimization of genetic algorithm (GA) and FCM is proposed to enhance robustness of fuzzy memberships to initial cluster centers, yielding an improved FSVM (GF-FSVM). METHOD: The features of each channel of MI-EEG are extracted by the improved refined composite multivariate multiscale fuzzy entropy and fused to form a feature vector for a trial. Then, GA is employed to optimize the initial cluster center of FCM, and the fuzzy membership degrees are calculated through an iterative process and further applied to classify two-class MI-EEGs. RESULTS: Extensive experiments are conducted on two publicly available datasets, the average recognition accuracies achieve 99.89% and 98.81% and the corresponding kappa values are 0.9978 and 0.9762, respectively. CONCLUSION: The optimized cluster centers of FCM via GA are almost overlapping, showing great stability, and GF-FSVM obtains higher classification accuracies and higher consistency as well.
Investigating the relationship between occupation and SARS-CoV2
Authors: Sarailoo Mehdi , Matin Somaieh , Vosoughi Mehdi , Dargahi Abdollah , Gholizadeh Helia , Damavandi Marzie Rajabi , Abbasi-Ghahramanloo Abbas , Kamran Aziz
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND: Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that have symptoms ranging from simple symptoms of colds to severe respiratory syndromes. In December 2019, cases of unknown pneumonia first appeared in Wuhan, China. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between occupation and COVID-19 in the Ardabil Imam Khomeini hospital. METHODS: This research was conducted as a cross-sectional and descriptive study. The questionnaires used in this study included demographic information to obtain the required information such as age, sex, clinical symptoms, underlying disease, type of drug used, smoking, occupation, hours of work, number of daily clients, use of mask or shield, type of working hours, weight and height and body mass index, number family, place of residence, role in the family, presence of an infected person in the family, communication with the suspect, observance or non-observance of health protocols. Our sample size consisted of 774 subjects, all patients at the Ardabil Imam Khomeini Hospital. The subjects were selected randomly. RESULTS: The results of this study showed that the mean age of patients was 56.70 years, with a standard deviation of 18.20 years. Three hundred and sixty participants (46.5%) were female, and 414 (53.5%) were male. In terms of occupation distribution, 317 patients (41%) were housewives. In addition, 57 people (7.4%) were farmers or ranchers. CONCLUSION: In general, it can be concluded that due to severity of infection and threat posed by Coronavirus and the risk of infections between different occupations like the taxi driver and medical staff, it is very important to find out what jobs are in the big threat.
Can occupational therapy manpower be replaced with social robots in a singing group during COVID-19?
Authors: Liao Yin-huang , Lin Tzu-Yuan , Wu Chia-Chun , Shih Yi-Nuo
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND: Prior to the COVID-19 global health emergency, reducing direct contacts between therapists and patients is an important issue, and could be achieved by using robots to perform certain caring activities. OBJECTIVE: This study compares therapeutic factors of singing group activities directed by social robots and by occupational therapists at elderly care centers during this COVID-19 outbreak. METHODS: This project has a quasi-experimental research design, based on a pilot study of 14 subjects aged above 65 years. They received eight sessions of singing group therapy given by a social robot or an occupational therapist. Completed copies of a therapeutic-factor questionnaire were then collected. RESULTS: At the 4th week, the scores for 8 therapeutic factors were higher in sessions with the occupational therapist than the robot-directed sessions, reaching a statistically significant level; at the 8th week, the scores for 3 therapeutic factors, including imparting of information, were higher in sessions with the occupational therapist than in sessions with the robot. The top scoring therapeutic factor in the robot sessions was group cohesiveness. CONCLUSIONS: Social robots may be good companion tools for elderly care during this COVID-19 outbreak, but group therapy sessions supervised by real-person therapists still have higher therapeutic factor scores than those conducted by robots. The number of subjects needs to be increased to enhance the validity of future study results.
PRINCIPLES OF BUDGET LAW: LEGAL NATURE, CONCEPT AND SYSTEM
Authors:   Lviv State University of Internal Affairs, Prots Ivanna
Published: January 2021

The article conducts a theoretical and legal study of the concept and system of principles of budget law, scientific approaches to understanding and implementing the principles of the budget system of Ukraine. The analysis of approaches to the definition of principles of law, financial law is carried out, definitions of principles of budgetary law which are contained in scientific national and foreign legal literature are considered, features of influence on the formation of principles of budgetary law and normative-legal fixing are specified. The difference between the principles of budget law and the principles of budget activity is indicated. The place of budget law as a sub-branch of financial law is defined. Budget law is an element of the financial law system. The system of principles in force in budget law is similar to the system of principles of financial law with the difference that a group of special principles is added to them. These principles can be called their own, as they apply only to budgetary relations, have a unique legal scope, and are externally normatively expressed in the budget legislation in the form of principles of the budget system of Ukraine. The system of principles of budget law includes: general principles of law inherent in the entire legal system; intersectoral principles inherent in financial law, all elements of this branch of law; principles inherent only in financial law and apply to all elements of this branch of law; principles inherent only in budget law, own principles that apply to all elements of this subsector and are normatively expressed in budget legislation as the principles of the budget system of Ukraine. The definition of �principles of budgetary law� is given, it is proved that as a mechanism of regulation of budgetary activity the principles are manifested in law-making and law-enforcement documents, normative-legal acts.
AGRICULTURAL HOLDINGS AS DRIVERS OF INCLUSIVE DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AND URBAN AGGLOMERATIONS
Authors:   Odessa National Academy of Food Technologies, Pavlov Oleksandr , Didukh Sergiy ,   Odessa National Academy of Food Technologies, Barvinenko Vitaliy ,   Odessa National Academy of Food Technologies
Published: January 2021

The decentralization of power and administration, which began in Ukraine in 2015, has made some changes in the territorial organization of power and administrative-territorial organization. united territorial communities (UTC) were formed, which included rural and urban populations. Their administrative centers became not only towns and settlements, but also villages. In addition to the basic level of administrative and territorial organization of the country, its district level has also been transformed. There was a significant reduction of districts and their consolidation. As a result of these transformations, rural and urban agglomerations were formed, thus creating the preconditions for overcoming social and economic inequality and improving the quality of life of the rural and urban population. The solution to this important social problem has brought to the fore the problem of finding economic entities capable of transforming these socio-spatial entities into an space of inclusive well-being. The scientific and practical relevance of this problem has determined the purpose of the study, which is to reveal the essence of rural agglomerations and to justify the feasibility of consideration as drivers of their inclusive development of agricultural holdings. To achieve the goal of the study used systemic and synergetic approaches, the concept of spatial organization of society, the author's method of sampling and classification of UTC and new districts, methods of comparison, SWOT-analysis, deduction and induction, synthesis and analysis. The results of the study are characterized by scientific novelty, which consists in the identification of rural agglomerations as socio-spatial formations of the continuous type, substantiation of the directions of evolution of agricultural holdings into inclusive associations. The conclusions and recommendations made based on the results of the study correspond to its purpose and objectives, are characterized by applied orientation and targeting and can be used by public authorities, UTC, business entities for implementation in social practice.
MISDEMEANOR: NEW CHALLENGES OF DEFINITION INTERPRETATION
Authors:   Lviv State University of Internal Affairs, Krasnytskyi Ivan , Yaremko Galyna ,   Lviv State University of Internal Affairs
Published: January 2021

This article is dedicated to the issue of misdemeanor term content and the scope determination, and its differentiation from a crime. This issue arises from the use in the Criminal Code of Ukraine of the regulatory construction �the other punishment not related to the liberty deprivation� when defining the term of a misdemeanor. Such legislative definition can have double interpretation: either as other, more lenient than liberty deprivation for a particular period, types of punishment or as other types of punishment, but for those, that according to their content, also mean liberty deprivation (isolation from society) � imprisonment, confinement in disciplinary military unit, liberty deprivation for a particular period, or life sentence. Purpose. The purpose of this article is not to question language or technical and legislative means used for the formulation of the misdemeanor definition, but a significant law-application issue the solution of which will directly affect criminal-material and procedural consequences connected with reference of a criminal offense to the category of a misdemeanor or minor offense. Results. This article gives reasons why the regulatory construction �crimes not related to the liberty deprivation� should be interpreted as other types of punishment but for imprisonment, confinement in disciplinary military unit, liberty deprivation for a particular period, or life sentence. Another approach, which is to interpret the corresponding regulatory provision as any type of punishment different to liberty deprivation for a particular period or life sentence, is rather a forced one, but not well-grounded. Conclusion. There are enough of scientific and regulatory grounds for understanding of the used in part 2 article 12 of the CC of Ukraine definition �punishment not related to the liberty deprivation� as the corresponding list of punishment types listed in part 1 article 51 of the CC of Ukraine, but for the punishment in the way of imprisonment, confinement in disciplinary military unit, liberty deprivation for a particular period, or life sentence. Arguing that the corresponding definition should be interpreted as any type of punishment other than liberty deprivation for a particular period and life sentence is rather a forced position but not well-grounded.
COMPETITION OF CRIMINAL LAW PROVISIONS, WHICH FORESEE CERTAIN TYPES OF EXEMPTION FROM CRIMINAL RESPONSBILITY
Authors:   Lviv State University of Internal Affairs, Navrotska Vira
Published: January 2021

Proper delineation of different types of exemption from criminal liability, the solution of competition between the legal norms foreseen such exemption are important in practice. However, law enforcers, within closing criminal proceedings (termination of criminal prosecution) and releasing from criminal liability, do not even think about the existence of such competition and about the need to choose a legal norm that is more advantageous for the accused. Sometimes the competition of criminal law norms in legal literature is reduced only to the competition of these rules within the qualification of an act prohibited by the Criminal Code of Ukraine. This article is devoted to the analysis of credibility of this statement, possibility of competition within the procedure of releasing from criminal liability, as well as to the mode of action under such competition. The impossibility of competition between certain types of exemption from criminal responsibility has been criticized. It is noted that it�s impossible to give universal recommendations for determining the most �profitable� norm on the basis of which the exemption from criminal responsibility is permissible. However, the following conditions have to be taken into consideration: 1) whether the possibility of bringing a person to criminal responsibility in the future will remain; 2) whether it is obligatory for the court to make a decision on exemption from criminal responsibility; 3) which offences and persons who committed them the norm is settled for; 4) what (more or less strict) conditions for exemption from criminal responsibility are settled, when other conditions are equal. It is proved that the differentiation mechanism of types of exemption from criminal responsibility after effective repentance and after reconciliation with the victim should be as follows: if there is a victim (in the procedural sense) the proceedings should not be closed under Art. 45 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. There is a special institution - the closure of criminal proceedings after reconciliation of the perpetrator with the victim (Article 46 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine) for exemption from criminal responsibility in such cases. The exemption from criminal responsibility after effective repentance is expedient to apply if the encroachment harms the public interest. It is substantiated that a special rule, regarding one fixed in Article 45 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, is foreseen by Part 4 of Article 311 of this Code - because it foresees the conditions of exemption from criminal responsibility of a person who has committed a specific criminal offense. The unambiguity and categoricalness of the statement, under which in Article 45 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine is not foreseen a general type of exemption from criminal responsibility regarding the special ones foreseen by the Special Part, is criticized; it is proved that at least one such exception exists;
LEGAL BASES OF SOME FORMS OF THE INTERNATIONAL LEGAL COOPERATION IN THE SPHERE OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA
Authors:   Stefan Cel Mare Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Republic of Moldova, Paustovskaya Natalia , Popushoi Dmitrii ,   Stefan Cel Mare Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Republic of Moldova
Published: January 2021

This article concerns on forms of international procedural cooperation of Republic of Moldova as an actual modern problem. It has been noted that scale of organized crime, terrorism, illegal drug and arms trafficking, illegal migration, human trafficking and other crimes compel different states to unify their efforts in counteracting these crossborder phenomena by creating organizational mechanisms of interaction. International legal aspects of crime counteraction, in particular the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, the European Convention on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters and Additional Protocols to it have been studied. It has been specified that foreign countries legislation uses most advanced mechanisms of mutual legal assistance for a long time, but institute of joint search groups is a relatively new form for criminal procedural legislation of Republic of Moldova. An attention to amendments to criminal procedural legislation concerning implementation of the institute of joint search groups has been devoted. It has been acknowledged that according to legislation of Republic of Moldova a request on forming of joint search group could be sent by any engaged state. Such group is to be created in any state where criminal persecution needs to be enforced. There is certain information to be included in such request: law enforcement body which requested, the request�s subject and grounds, data on persecuted person and his full name, nationality, address, if necessary � suggestions on group membership. Signing of the Police Cooperation Convention for Southeast Europe by Moldova facilitated implementation of cross-border surveillance institute which comprises procedural action to be conducted when representatives of one country�s law enforcement body are keeping under surveillance during criminal persecution in another country a person, suspected in participation of the crime which envisaged extradition, or a person who is reasonably believed to be helpful in identification or establishing whereabouts of the aforementioned person, and has the right to continue such surveillance in Republic of Moldova according to legal assistance request submitted previously. It has been substantiated that international cooperation in crime combating is based on legal assistance providing and aimed at expansion of the quantity of countries which are contracting parties of such cooperation agreements.
SINTASAN DAN VIABILITAS BIO-KAPSUL PROBIOTIK Lb paracasei ssp paracasei Ml3 HASIL EKSTRUSI DENGAN KARAGENAN-SKIM
Authors: Elida Mutia , Gusmalini Gusmalini , Saufani Iza Ayu
Published: January 2021

Pemanfaatan produk probiotik sebagai produk kesehatan dan terapeutik semakin banyak diminati, tetapi yang menjadi masalah adalah terjadinya penurunan viabilitas sel probiotik selama proses pengolahan dan selama berada dalam saluran pencernaan. Metoda ekstrusi adalah salah satu metoda enkapsulasi untuk dapat melindungi sel probiotik dari kondisi lingkungan yang tidak menguntungkan. Enkapsulasi probiotik Lb paracasei ssp paracasei Ml3 menggunakan penyalut karagenan-susu skim bertujuan untuk melihat rendemen, sintasan probiotik atau ketahanan sel serta viabilitas setelah enkapsulasi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan tiga perbandingan yaitu 1:1; 2:1; dan 3:1, masing-masing perlakuan diulang 3 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bio-kapsul dengan perbandingan bahan penyalut 1 :1 dan 2:1 menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang nyata antara ke dua perlakuan baik dari segi viabilitas dan sintasan probiotik. Perbandingan bahan pernyalut 1:1 memberikan rendemen tertinggi 84.6%, perbandingan bahan penyalut 2:1 dihasilkan rendemen 82.73% dan viabilitas tertinggi 1,97 x 109 CFU/g dan mengalami penurunan viabilitas sebesar 0,72 log CFU/g. Sintasan sel probiotik perbandingan bahan penyalut 2:1 adalah 93.3% dengan penurunan 0,66 Log CFU/gr lebih rendah jika dibandingkan perlakuan 3:1.
Das öffentliche Personalrecht der Schweiz : Eine Darstellung aufgrund des Bundespersonalrechts
Authors: Portmann Wolfgang , Holenstein Andreas
Published: January 2021

Der vorliegende Beitrag vermittelt eine Übersicht über verschiedene Bereiche des öffentlichen Personalrechts, dargestellt am Beispiel des Bundespersonalgesetzes und der dazugehörenden Verordnungen, die für die öffentlich-rechtlich angestellten Personen des Bundes gelten. Die Begründung des Arbeitsverhältnisses erfolgt heute zunehmend durch einen öffentlich-rechtlichen Vertrag und nicht mehr durch eine Verfügung. Zulässig sind befristete und unbefristete Arbeitsverhältnisse. Eine Entlassung ist, anders als bei einem Arbeitsverhältnis im privaten Sektor, nur im Fall eines sachlich hinreichenden Grundes zulässig. Der Beitrag beleuchtet neben der Entstehung und der Auflösung des Arbeitsverhältnisses zahlreiche weitere Bereiche wie Lohn, Ferien, Fragen der Verantwortlichkeit, die Rechtstellung der obersten Beamten und das Pensionssystem.
Fiscal federalism in Russia: To be or not to be?
Authors: Lavrovskii B. L. , Goryushkina E. A.
Published: January 2021

The ratio of the total volume of taxes coming from the territory to the budget system of the country and the expenses of the territorial budget illustrates the fundamental possibility or impossibility of forming intergovernmental relations in the spirit of fiscal federalism. The article tests its initial message: tax and non-tax revenues produced by the territory (given the administrative-territorial division of the country) should be, at minimum, sufficient to balance the budget and solve regional budget problems. It is shown that at present in 40% of Russian regions total revenues are enough to ensure budget surplus, the participation of these regions in solving national problems. In the remaining 60% of the regions, all revenues from the territory to the budget system are not able to balance budget revenues and expenses. The picture of intergovernmental relations was fundamentally changed, because in most regions that had deficit budgets in 2015, revenues in 2018 began to exceed expenses. The paper considers the opportunities to qualitatively change the state of regional budgets.
Crisis of institutions of political competition, Internet and collaborative democracy
Authors: Polterovich V. M.
Published: January 2021

The article examines the crisis of modern Western democracy. It is noted that the important causes of the crisis are slowing down of economic growth and deepening inequality in developed countries. It is shown that inter-party competition inevitably generates a mechanism of degradation of moral norms in the political sphere and reduction of the political system efficiency. These processes have intensified dramatically as a result of the spread of the Internet. They contributed to the reduction of citizens’ participation in political life and at the same time to the ochlocratization of the political system. It is shown as well that a number of transformations taking place in the Western countries are aimed at improvement of interaction mechanisms between the state and society and contribute to overcoming the crisis. These include expanding the role of parliamentary committees, increasing the number of parties, largescale reforms of public sector governance basing on collaboration. In this context, the experience of e-platforms and the possibilities of institutional collaborative platforms are analyzed. The concept of collaborative democracy is proposed, based on the analysis of the trends studied. The mechanism for collaborative democracy should ensure greater choice and broader direct participation of citizens in decision-making, control the costs of political competition and maintain ethical standards, prevent ochlocratization and improve governance. Contours of this mechanism are outlined. It is based on the use of a proportional electoral system of a special type, a system of expert councils and collaborative platforms for public decision-making, as well as on the implementation of decision-making rules close to consensus. The significance of these conclusions for Russia is discussed.
Environmental Entrepreneurship and ECO-Innovation Outputs : A Pathway to Sustainable Development
Authors: Pofoura Aminatou Kemajou , Sun Huaping , Antwi Maxwell Opuni , Antwi Charles Kwarteng
Published: January 2021

Ensuring sustainability in the long-run necessitates devoting strategic solutions to the rising environmental problems. Unless nations move to a sustainable growth path characterized by economic development and human development that conserve natural resources better, the increased environmental pollution will have negative effects on population well-being. Sustainability has been seen as an entrepreneurial imperative and policy goal (Washington, 2015). However, some building blocks of theory development regarding this process of structural change remain elusive (Savona and Ciarli, 2019). The substantive for sustainable development in which transition pathways are still lacking (Dosi et al., 2017).
Coming Together of Big Data and Cloud Computing : A Review
Authors: Mukhdoomi Muneeba Afzal , Oberoi Ashish , Gupta Ankur
Published: January 2021

Big data stands for sheer amount of data that is growing unceasingly at a rapid pace. Big Data demands high-powered, robust, reliable, fault-tolerant tools and techniques in order to make it convenient to process, analyse and uproot new insights from Big Data. Big data refers to huge, heterogeneous amount of details, facts and data generating at constantly rising rate. The data sets in Big Data are too bulky or extensive, as a result classical data handling application software are not competent enough to administer them. On the other hand, Cloud computing is a resourceful technology providing high computing power, scalability, computing resources as and when required for processing, storage, analytics and visualization of Big Data. Therefore, cloud computing can be regarded as a feasible and applicable technology which promises to handle Big Data challenges and also provides here and now infrastructures with all the mandatory resources. This paper will mainly review processing of big data cloud using Hadoop and spark in cloud, advantages of driving Big Data using cloud computing and applications of Big data in Cloud.
Computer-Assisted Education
Authors: Srivani Meka , Manhar Advin
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this review paper is to explore and learn boundlessly about computer-assisted education, and its impact on students and their academic success. Computer-assisted learning provides academics with various teaching information and multimedia platforms for easy learning of students. It interprets the innovation of computer-assisted education and its success in today’s era. Computer-aided education signifies the integrated approach of the computer and its devices. Nevertheless, it does not mean online learning will eventually replace traditional education and teachers, rather teachers using computer-based platforms, and their applications to teaching, like smart classes, videos, and web tutoring with improved resources and reduced teacher workloads. By which, students can arrive, grasp, and engage themselves at their own pace in a co-relational environment. Moreover, in the situation of a pandemic like this, we all are choosing computer-assisted education. Therefore, without computer-facilitated education today, it would have been merely impossible for us to study, and attain education. The world has widely opened and accepted the new technology of computer-assisted education. This paper is done to distinguish the success of computer-assisted education
A Self Developing Element Clustering Approach for Oddity Discovery
Authors: Verpula Pradeep Kumar
Published: January 2021

To detect attacks from IOT[1] and big data application using data mining techniques. Now-a-days internet can be access from anywhere using small devices such as smart phones, sensors [4] and other wearable devices etc. Always these devices will sense data such as human body[7] temperature or environment temperature or traffic data at road side etc and send this sense data to centralized server for aggregation (storage). Later this data will be used for analysis purpose such as to detect patient condition from sense patient data or to identify traffic[6] congested area. Humans will be benefitted by using above sensors and internet technologies but these will aggregate lots of data and will be called as big data and normal technique will not process such huge data and other problem is some malicious users will corrupt sensor data by attacking network or injecting extra data inside sensor sense data packet. To overcome from this problem[8], within document we are introduced a technique called CLAPP. In this technique big data attributes will be reduce by applying Dimensionality Reduction Technique. This technique will take entire data and check each column (attribute) similarity with other column and generate cluster based on similarity. If two column values are similar and related to given class then it will clustered and if not similar then that attribute will be remove out to reduce big dataset size.
Developing an Expert System Application to Detect Childs' Lung Disease
Authors: Sandiwarno Sulis
Published: January 2021

The development of information technology has supported many activities, especially in terms of health. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the application of information technology that is currently developing well. Several previous studies have evaluated models from expert systems to diagnose lung disease in children using Naïve Bayes (NB) and Support Vector Machine (SVM). However, in conducting these evaluations they do not try to make an integrated application to facilitate evaluation. In this study we propose to build a system that integrates NB and SVM classifiers. Furthermore, in this study we used a sample of data from a clinic in Indonesia. The results of this study, we conclude that the existence of this system will make it easier to evaluate the lung disease experienced by children.
How to Create a Successful Language Lesson
Authors: Liu Suping
Published: January 2021

As teachers, especially language teachers, we do hope that our lessons can be deeply appreciated by our students. But how can we create a successful lesson? What are the key factors involved in teaching which affect the result of our lesson? What should we do? During the four weeks of visiting schools and colleges and attending lectures given by the professors in UK, I do think I have gained a lot. The more I think of the life and ways of studying here, the more I feel I should write something on this topic.
Estratégias de Enfrentamento de Enfermeiros frente ao Paciente Oncológico Pediátrico
Authors: Lages Maria Gizelda Gomes , Costa Maria Amélia de Oliveira , Lopes Thayson Rodrigues , Amorim Fráyla Cristinne Sousa de , Araujo Neto Ari Pereira de , Nascimento Ianny Raquel Dantas , Costa Charllyton Luis Sena da
Published: January 2021

Introdução: Na dificuldade de cuidar de crianças com câncer, pode-se utilizar estratégias de enfrentamento, entendidas como um conjunto de respostas comportamentais do indivíduo, diante de situação estressora e na tentativa de adaptar-se ao evento estressor. Objetivos: Avaliar as estratégias de coping de enfermeiros frente ao paciente oncológico pediátrico; determinar a quantidade de enfermeiros que utilizam coping no seu dia a dia ao cuidar de pacientes oncológicos pediátricos, identificar as estratégias coping e as situações de enfrentamento dos enfermeiros ao cuidar dos pacientes oncológicos pediátricos. Método: A pesquisa foi de natureza quantitativa, descritiva e exploratória. A coleta de dados deu-se através da aplicação do Inventário de Estratégias de Coping, no hospital referenciado para o tratamento de doenças oncológicas, Teresina (PI) de março a setembro de 2010. A população-alvo do estudo foi constituída por todos os enfermeiros que já trabalharam ou trabalham na área de oncologia pediátrica do referido hospital; de um total de 20 enfermeiros, 12 aceitaram participar. Resultados: Os resultados demonstram que a totalidade da população entrevistada utilizou estratégias de coping e a situação estressante mais citada foi a fase terminal, sendo a estratégia de enfrentamento de resolução de problemas a mais utilizada por 11 enfermeiros (93,8) e a menos, fuga-esquiva utilizada por nove enfermeiros (75%). Conclusão: A menor utilização de estratégias negativas demonstra que os enfermeiros se preocupam, se envolvem, e não negam suas responsabilidades no processo em que se encontram. Os Enfermeiros pesquisados utilizam predominantemente estratégias positivas, embora ainda recorram a meios que não ajudam no enfrentamento.
Força Muscular Respiratória e Mobilidade Torácica em Crianças e Adolescentes com Leucemia Aguda e Escolares Saudáveis
Authors: Oliveira Kátia Myllene Costa , Macêdo Thalita Medeiros Fernandes de , Borja Raíssa  de Oliveira , Nascimento Rafaela Andrade do , Medeiros Filho Wilson Cleto de , Campos Tânia Fernandes , Freitas Diana Amélia de , Mendonça Karla Morganna Pereira Pinto de
Published: January 2021

Introdução: As leucemias destacam-se como a neoplasia infantil mais comum e o tratamento eleito para a doença é a quimioterapia. Entre outras, a quimioterapia provoca, em nível do sistema respiratório, danos ao tecido epitelial, que podem culminar em pneumonite ou até mesmo em fibrose pulmonar. Objetivo: Comparar a força dos músculos respiratórios e a mobilidade da caixa torácica de crianças e adolescentes com leucemia aguda na fase de manutenção da quimioterapia e de indivíduos saudáveis. Método: A amostra foi composta por 48 participantes distribuídos em dois grupos (grupo A, formado por 16 crianças e adolescentes com leucemia aguda; e grupo B, formado por 32 escolares saudáveis). Foram realizadas cirtometria torácica, manovacuometria e avaliação antropométrica dos sujeitos. Posteriormente à análise descritiva, a prova de Kolmogorov-Smirnov identificou as variáveis com distribuição normal. Estas foram comparadas através do teste t’student não pareado e, as demais, através do teste de Mann-Whitney. Atribuiu-se nível de significância p<0,05. Resultados: Observou-se diferença significativa entre os grupos A e B nas variáveis pressões inspiratórias máximas (p=0,01), retração axilar (p=0,012), expansão (p=0,007) e retração xifoidiana (p=0,005). Conclusão: Os achados indicam que pode ocorrer um déficit na mobilidade torácica e na força dos músculos respiratórios em crianças e adolescentes na fase de manutenção da quimioterapia para a leucemia aguda. Isso pode apontar para a necessidade de avaliar e monitorar periodicamente a musculatura respiratória dessa população, o que permitiria diagnóstico e intervenção precoces na evidência de dano à função pulmonar.
Hipoplásia de ventrículo izquierdo: reporte de caso clínico
Authors: Moreno Ponce Klever Patricio , Albán Andrade Waldo Wladimir , Pereira Tapia Teresa Sofia
Published: January 2021

Los defectos cardiacos son las malformaciones congénitas más frecuentes, con una incidencia que se ha estimado entre 4 y 12 por 1.000 recién nacidos vivos, siendo mucho más alta en los mortinatos. La  hipoplasia del ventrículo izquierdo se designa a un grupo de malformaciones caracterizadas por un infradesarrollo notable de todo el lado izquierdo del corazón. El lado derecho del corazón esta dilatado e hipertrofiado, y soporta las circulaciones pulmonar y sistémica a través del conducto arterioso permeable. Dado  que es una patología ductus dependiente, al cerrarse el ductus arterioso sobreviene una hipertensión pulmonar severa, acompañada de un bajo gasto cardiaco  que termina provocando un colapso circulatorio y la muerte.   Presentamos un caso de hipoplasia de ventrículo izquierdo diagnosticado intrautero, confirmándose más tarde el diagnóstico por ecocardiografía a los 3 días de vida extrauterina, falleciendo a los 42 días por insuficiencia cardiaca e hipertensión pulmonar.
Efectividad en la ejecución del ejercicio clásico arranque en los levantadores de pesas de la categoría 15 " 16 años
Authors: Peña Fernández Juan Miguel , Peña López Duanis Miguel
Published: January 2021

Este trabajo es el resultado de la  experiencia investigativa de los  autores   en el deporte  de Levantamiento de Pesas,  en el mismo se expresan, los resultados obtenidos del estudio de la ejecución de la técnica del ejercicio clásico arranque en  los levantadores de pesas  de la categoría  15- 16 años, donde se evidencia que los errores cometidos por los sujetos investigados en las diferentes partes de este ejercicio, se deben  a un déficit de fuerza  de los segmentos del cuerpo   que trabajan en la cadena acción muscular de piernas, tronco y brazos que incidieron negativamente en la efectividad y  en los resultados deportivos.
Conocimientos y actitudes sobre lactancia materna que tienen las madres de la comunidad de Atucucho de la ciudad de Quito
Authors: Guerra Díaz Erika Alexandra , Díaz Guerrero María del Cisne , Brito Santacruz Carmen Jannett , Juna Juca Christian Fernando
Published: January 2021

La presente investigación congrega temas relacionados con la evaluación de conocimientos y actitudes sobre Lactancia Materna (L.M.) que tienen las madres de la comunidad de Atucucho en la ciudad de Quito. Con la finalidad de alcanzar los objetivos propuestos se sistematiza la información teórica sobre L.M. y los fundamentos que le dan soporte. Posterior al levantamiento de datos y análisis de los mismos se establece el diagnóstico situacional. Los hallazgos evidencian un claro desconocimiento por parte de las madres de la comunidad de Atucucho sobre la L.M; porque refieren que el tiempo de duración del amamantamiento es de hasta 8 meses; las madres no reconocen su importancia durante las primeras horas de vida del niño pues manifiestan que  se  puede  comenzar  con  el  amamantamiento  inclusive  varias horas después. El 59,1% de las madres refieren no haber recibido información sobre L.M; sin embargo están dispuestas a aprender sobre el tema y reconocen que es un beneficio para ellas como madres, para sus hijos y  su familia.
Salud mental relacionada con el consumo de drogas en los estudiantes de octavo, noveno y décimo año de la Unidad Educativa Leopoldo Lucero de la ciudad de Lago Agrio
Authors: Lopez Ruano Sofia Yomaira , Padilla Solano Estefania Magdalena
Published: January 2021

La presente Investigación está encaminada a determinar los factores que inciden en el consumo de drogas en los estudiantes de octavo, noveno y décimo año de la unidad educativa Leopoldo Lucero de la ciudad de Lago Agrio provincia de Sucumbíos en el periodo septiembre 2014 a marzo 2015. Para esto se realizó un estudio exploratorio que nos permitió indagar la prevalencia de las modalidades, o niveles de una o más variables, logrando detallar el problema estudiado mediante la observación de situaciones ya existentes, aplicándose encuestas que constan de 19 preguntas cerradas y abiertas tomándose en cuenta a 342 estudiantes, quienes formaron parte de la investigación. Por lo que el objetivo del estudio fue enfocado a diseñar y ejecutar un plan de intervención (Anexo 1) el mismo que permitirá evitar el consumo de drogas a corto y largo plazo. Para el procesamiento de datos se utilizaron los programas informáticos como el SPSS y Excel, los cuales permitieron, a partir de los datos reales de los adolescentes que consumen drogas conocer objetivamente el grado de consumo y en consecuencia planificar y ejecutar un plan de intervención que ayudara a los jóvenes de los octavos, novenos y decimos a que disminuyan o eviten el consumo de drogas. Se concluye que el nivel de consumo de drogas en los cursos estudiados es alto por lo que es necesario la implementación de medidas preventivas que disminuyan o eliminen el consumo de drogas.
Alunos com déficit de atenção: O cotidiano em sala de aula
Authors: Santos Betina Pinto , Miranda Neire Oliveira Pinto
Published: January 2021

O estudo buscou realizar uma abordagem referente ao cotidiano em sala de aula de alunos com déficit de atenção, através de uma revisão bibliográfica sobre como lidar com alunos que apresentam TDAH, apresentando a relevância dessa temática no atual contexto social e na relação ente memória e aprendizagem, objetivando contribuir com as mais diversas áreas do conhecimento, em especial com a área da educação. Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar ao leitor a partir de estudo bibliográfico com bases teóricas sólidas, como alguns educadores desenvolvem um trabalho especial com crianças que possuem déficit de atenção. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica considerando as contribuições de autores como Ribeiro (2016), Russo (2015), Silva (2009), e Berger (2001), entre outros, procurando, levantar reflexões sobre as dificuldades em aprendizagem que são bastante frequentes nas escolas. Conclui-se que ainda que existam diversos procedimentos para a tomada de decisão diagnóstico de TDAH, a avaliação da patologia é essencialmente clínica. A criança diagnosticada com TDAH é um aluno que precisa de um atendimento específico, de suporte para desenvolver o seu aprendizado, um ambiente organizado, atividades curtas, lúdicas, atenção e compreensão por parte dos professores e deve se sentir querido e util. A aula deve ser animada e dinâmica, com uma linguagem simples e concreta, em que o aluno realmente entenda o conteúdo por sua facilidade.
As psicologias: Uma abordagem denominada terapia cognitivo-comportamental
Authors: Brognoli Maicol de Oliveira , Santos Sônia Alves dos
Published: January 2021

O termo terapia cognitivo-comportamental (TCC) pode ser utilizado para abarcar inúmeras técnicas que permeiam os nortes científicos da abordagem cognitiva e uma combinação de procedimentos comportamentais. Nessa junção, enquanto a psicologia comportamental é focada no entendimento do comportamento, que também está em função de circunstâncias ambientais, a psicologia cognitiva busca compreender os meios pelos quais os seres humanos formulam sua aprendizagem, sua percepção, como recordam e pensam. As intervenções da terapia comportamental são focadas principalmente na modificação das contingências, procurando assim, alterar o comportamento, já a terapia cognitiva (TC), tem como objetivo atuar sobre a estrutura e o funcionamento cognitivo dos pacientes. Com o aumento da utilização das TCCs nas últimas décadas, a literatura especializada no assunto vem apresentando um conjunto de modelos teóricos diferenciados, que podem ser considerados como “terapias em abordagem cognitivo-comportamental”. Por isso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar uma breve discussão sobre o surgimento das TCCs com ênfase nos principais modelos teóricos e nas principais perspectivas atuais sobre o assunto. Com este levantamento bibliográfico pode-se verificar que a articulação de diferentes teorias favoreceu a construção de uma terapia cognitivo-comportamental adequada à sua época, com inúmeras técnicas que têm evidenciado eficácia nos processos terapêuticos. Isso pode proporcionar aos profissionais da área inúmeros veículos para lidarem com a variedade de demandas existentes, levando sempre em consideração o perfil cognitivo do transtorno, a fase da terapia e a conceitualização cognitiva específica do paciente tratado.
Efeitos da intervenção assistida por animais em crianças hospitalizadas: Conteúdos psíquicos
Authors: Faccin Annelisa Bruna , Cunha Maria Claudia
Published: January 2021

Introdução: Intervenção Assistida por Animais (IAA) é toda atividade que incorpora animais aos campos da saúde e educação visando ganhos terapêuticos em humanos. Com pacientes pediátricos hospitalizados, estudos sugerem benefícios da interação da criança e animal. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos da IAA na expressão verbal e não verbal de conteúdos psíquicos em crianças hospitalizadas. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa baseada em estudo de casos de 05 sujeitos (02 do sexo masculino e 03 do feminino), faixa etária entre 06 e 10 anos, hospitalizados há pelo menos 02 dias. Cães co-terapeutas: Thor, 04 anos e Kate, 03 anos, da raça Golden Retriever, selecionados de acordo com critérios de protocolos internacionais e conduzidos pela pesquisadora. Foram aplicados desenhos livres e teste Wartegg, pré e pós IAA. Resultados: a presença do cão favoreceu maior contato com conteúdos emocionais associados às tentativas de enfrentamento da doença. Conclusão: IAA no ambiente hospitalar proporcionou, aos sujeitos estudados, a possibilidade de estancar a condição patológica em favor da experiência de reintegração do Eu, ou seja, uma reapropriação de sua identidade subjetiva, parcialmente tolhida pelo processo de adoecimento e hospitalização.
Genuine Mexican cheeses: technological processes and manufacturing parameters
Authors: Centeno-Rodríguez Mónica Andrea Celeste , Gutiérrez-Cárdenas Mónica Giovanna , Jaime-Patlán Mariana , Meza-Plaza Ezequiel Francisco , Montecillos-Ramírez Karen Estefanía , Rojas-Salinas Wilma Betzabe , Ozuna César
Published: January 2021

Objective: To give an overview of the current situation of Mexican genuine cheeses (MGCs), their characteristics and their production processing conditions (milk origin, coagulation agent, type of ripening and maturation).
Methodology: Information on about twenty MGCs available in scientific articles, databases, and Internet pages was collected, analyzed, and classified.
Results: The main classification of MGCs is made with respect to their moisture content (soft or fresh, semi-soft or semi-hard, and hard). Most MGCs are not matured, thus limiting their shelf life and large-scale commercialization. Matured MGCs use their own microbiota, developing characteristic textures and flavors.
Limitations: There is little research on the MGC manufacturing processes and their impact on the physical and sensory properties of the final product. Furthermore, no MGC has a designation of origin, which is a disadvantage on the global market.
Conclusions: Most MGCs are produced manually and only few of them are produced on a (semi)industrial scale. Standardizing their production would allow their producers to make improvements and innovations on MGCs and increase their shelf life.
Advances in the selection program of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) varieties in the Colegio de Postgraduados
Authors: Lavín-Castañeda Jazmin , Sentíes-Herrera Héctor Emmanuel , Trejo-Téllez Libia Iris , Bello-Bello Jericó-Jabín , Hidalgo-Contreras Juan Valente , Gómez-Merino Fernando Carlos
Published: January 2021

Objective: To describe the advances in the sugarcane variety selection program that is carried out by the Campus Córdoba of the College of Postgraduates in Agricultural Sciences located in Amatlán de los Reyes, Veracruz, Mexico.
Design/methodology/approach: For the selection of sugarcane varieties, the methodology developed by the Institute for the Improvement of Sugar Production (IMPA) was used, and for the varietal description, the protocol of the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) was implemented.
Results: In 2009, the Campus Córdoba started the varietal selection program with more than 6 thousand hybrids from 40 crosses, of which 4422 materials were selected after showing resistance to the sugarcane mosaic virus. From the 4422 materials of the seedling phase, 352 clones were selected and evaluated in the Furrow Phase, selecting 57 varieties for the Plot Phase. Of these 57 varieties, 36 were selected in the Adaptability Test Phase, and 27 in the following Agroindustrial Evaluation Phase. Of these last 27 varieties, estimated yields are greater than 100 t ha-1, with good quality of juices and agronomic characteristics.
Study limitations/implications: The program has faced climate and budget challenges, delaying progress. Currently, the Covid-19 pandemic has drastically affected our research.
Findings/conclusions: This breeding and variety selection program started with 6,000 crosses, of which to date there are 27 in advanced stages of selection, with the possibility of adaptation and good yields for the area of influence of the Campus Córdoba.