bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MicroARN's (miARN's) COMO REGULADORES DE LA EXPRESIÓN GÉNICA Y SU IMPORTANCIA CLÍNICA
Authors: Ovando Ricárdez José Antonio , Domínguez Méndez Viviana Beatriz , López García María Isabel , Sacramento Barranco María Lizbeth , González Castro Thelma Beatriz , Hernández Díaz Yazmín , Tovilla Zárate Carlos Alfonso , Juárez Rojop Isela Esther , López Narváez María Lilia
Published: January 2023

Los microARN's (miRNAs, en inglés) son pequeños ARN endógenos no codificantes que regulan la expresión génica y están implicados en el desarrollo de diversas enfermedades, por lo que tienen una relevancia terapéutica. El objetivo de este trabajo es dar a conocer de manera general el papel que los microARN's juegan en el desarrollo de enfermedades y su aplicación como biomarcadores. Para ello, se llevó a cabo un estudio observacional a través de la búsqueda de la literatura científica mediante la base de datos PubMed. La síntesis de las evidencias nos muestra que los procesos regulados por microARN's y la identificación de genes diana en el desarrollo de enfermedades es una estrategia muy valiosa y emocionante que eventualmente puede conducir al desarrollo de nuevos enfoques de tratamiento.
EFECTOS CELULARES DE LA EXPOSICIÓN A MICROPARTÍCULAS PLÁSTICAS EN ORGANISMOS ACUÁTICOS
Authors: Núñez Nogueira Gabriel , Cruz Ascencio Mórvila , Pérez López Alejandra , Álvarez González Carlos Alfonso
Published: January 2023

Los microplásticos y nanoplásticos son de los contaminantes de mayor distribución en el mundo y que actualmente preocupa a la humanidad, principalmente por su durabilidad y los efectos adversos que muestra en diferentes organismos tanto de ambientes terrestres, como acuáticos. Se ha demostrado en estudios de laboratorio que los plásticos de diversos tipos, ya sea de forma simple o en combinación con otros compuestos o elementos tóxicos, provocan respuestas potencialmente dañinas a nivel celular, tales como la lisis de membrana celular, modulación de receptores de membrana, cambios en potenciales de membrana, alteraciones en la permeabilidad, daño mitocondrial, cambios en actividades metabólicas, generación de especies reactivas de oxígeno, genotoxicidad, daño en DNA y apoptosis. Sin embargo, seguimos en la necesidad de profundizar nuestro conocimiento en los efectos relacionados con las concentraciones de microplásticos en el ambiente natural.
TOPOLOGY OPTIMIZATION OF PACKAGE SEALER JAW CHASSIS OF AUTOMATIC PACKAGING MACHINE
Authors:   Doctoral Student, Nanoscience and Nanoengineering Department, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey, Erez Arif Sercan , Filik Alim ,   Mechanical Engineer, R&D Center Department, Athapack Inc., Izmir, Turkey, Temizel Volkan ,   Design Expert, R&D Center Department, Athapack Inc., Izmir, Turkey
Published: January 2023

After the Covid-19 epidemic, the need to reach hygienic and sealed packaged food products has gained importance and the packaging machinery sector has become an important sector. In this context, the need for special packaging machines has increased. The jaw mechanism of the packaging machine developed within the scope of the study performs the package closing function by opening and closing 200 times per minute, and the jaw chassis carrying the jaw mechanism is exposed to the same series of movements. The design of the jaw chassis should be as light as possible so that no additional load is placed on the motors that provide the movement, while its strength should be high since it carries the entire load from the jaw plates to the motors. To solve this problem, a structural optimization solution called topology optimization, which regulates the distribution of the elements in the design volume within the framework of the determined constraints, is used. With the performed topology optimization study, it has been determined that the new solid model, which continues to provide sufficient strength when exposed to 5000 N force, provides 11% weight gain. This work has been a pioneer for new research to obtain lightweight designs.
A citológiai öregedés életkori mintázatának és szekuláris trendjének vizsgálata felnőtt nők körében
Authors: ANNÁR Dorina , FEHÉR Piroska V. , INCE Sára , MADARASI Anna , MUZSNAI Ágota , KÉKESI Anna , ZSÁKAI Annamária
Published: January 2023

The frequency of X chromosome loss in women increases with ageing. Numerous cases have linked the numerical reduction of sex chromosomes to the development of malignant tumours, recurrent miscarriages and Alzheimer’s disease. The main aim of the study was to investigate the age pattern and secular trend of the cytological ageing (X chromosome loss), as well as to analyse the relationship between the level of chromosome loss and body and bone structural parameters in adult women.

Twenty-one women aged between 20–40 years were enrolled to the present study. Body mass components were estimated by body impedance analysis, bone structure was estimated by quantitative ultrasound technique. Cellular ageing was assessed by X chromosome loss estimation (using FISH probe).

The results revealed an increased level of X chromosome loss in women aged between 21–30 compared to their age-peers lived decades before, and women aged between 31–40 and studied in 2021. By considering the body and bone structural profile (another indicator of their biological status) of women in the younger age-group, an increased fat component and a decreased skeletomuscular component could be described in this age-group.

The results are rather preliminary, that aimed to explore explanatory components in the changes in the rate of X chromosome loss. In order to establish the findings, further investigations, as well as the increase of the sample size is required.
Tiszaug-Országúti bevágás gepida kori népességének történeti embertani vizsgálata
Authors: Madai Ágota , Rácz Zsófia , Szeniczey Tamás , Marcsik Antónia , B. Tóth Ágnes , Wilhelm Gábor , Hajdu Tamás
Published: January 2023

A Tiszaug-Országúti bevágás nevet viselő, népvándorlás kori lelőhely vizsgálatának legfőbb célja volt, hogy az embertani leletanyag feldolgozásával és az eredmények közreadásával hiánypótló adatokat nyújtson a Kr.u. 5-6. század Kárpát-medence területén élő népességek demográfiai viszonyaival, életmódjával, betegségeivel kapcsolatban. A temető 194 egyénjével jelenlegi állás szerint az egyik legnagyobb hazai gepida kori temetők közé sorolandó, amely a korszakban élt népességekről hiánypótló biorégészeti adatokat nyújthat. A paleodemográfiai elemzés eredményei azt mutatják, hogy a népesség 63%-a nem érte meg a felnőttkort. A férfiak mortalitási görbéje 45-49, míg nőké 30-34 éves korban csúcsosodik ki. A férfiak becsült átlagmagassága 169,1, míg a nőké 160,6 cm. Kraniometriai adatfelvételre 22 férfi és 21 női koponya volt alkalmas. A tiszaugi sorozatban a mesterséges koponyatorzítás nélküli koponyák alacsony elemszáma és a publikált összehasonlító adatok hiánya miatt a kraniometriai szempontú összehasonlítás más, a területen élt korabeli népességek kraniometriai adataival nem volt lehetséges. Az ép koponyák között 25 biztosan mesterséges beavatkozás révén torzult. A koponya szándékos torzítása mellett az Ortner (2003) által definiált kategóriák közül számos példaakadt az anyagban. A kóros elváltozások vizsgálatának fő célja a tiszaugi gepida kori népesség életmódjának minél alaposabb megismerése és összetett rekonstrukciója volt.
Bronzkori nő szobrászi arcrekonstrukciója Balatonkeresztúr-Réti-dűlő lelőhelyről
Authors: Kustár Ágnes , Gerber Dániel , Fábián Szilvia , Köhler Kitti , Mende Balázs Gusztáv , Szécsényi-Nagy Anna , Kiss Viktória
Published: January 2023

Balatonkeresztúr-Réti-dűlő lelőhelyen az M7-es autópálya építését megelőző ásatások során 2003–2004-ben kilenc régészeti korszak emlékei között a kora bronzkor végére keltezhető kisapostagi kultúra települése és 12, zömmel melléklet nélküli temetkezése is előkerült. A 13. sírban 35-45 éves nő nyugodott, akinek a feje körül előkerült, fejdíszhez vagy sapka díszhez köthető apró fém ékszerek arra utalnak, hogy a településen élő közösségen belül magasabb társadalmi státusszal rendelkezett. A sírban igen jó állapotban őrződött meg a koponya, ez lehetőséget nyújtott arra, hogy elkészülhessen a nő egykori arcvonásainak rekonstrukciója, egyben az első női arcrekonstrukció a magyarországi bronzkorból. Tanulmányunkban a szobrászi arcrekonstrukció elkészítését mutatjuk be, a pigmentációra (szemszín, hajszín, bőrtónus) vonatkozó genetikai adatok felhasználásával.
Deteksi Molekuler Tilv (Tilapia Lake Virus) pada Ikan Nila (Oreochromisniloticus) yang dilalulintaskan di Balai Karantina Ikan, Pengendalian Mutu dan Keamanan Hasil Perikanan Surabaya I, Jawa Timur
Authors: Alisukma Indra Sukma Putra
Published: January 2023

Sebagai salah satu negara penghasil ikan nila terbesar di dunia, Indonesia harus mewaspadai dan melakukan antisipasi terhadap kemungkinan masuk dan tersebarnya penyakit TiLV di Indonesia. Lalu lintas perdagangan ikan nila, baik ikan hidup dan/atau ikan mati, antar negara atau antar daerah akan meningkatkan peluang masuk dan tersebarnya penyakit TiLV di Indonesia.  Di beberapa daerah seperti Sumatera, Jawa, Bali dan Lombok telah terjadi kasus kematian pada budidaya ikan nila secara massal yang kemungkinan infeksi penyakit TiLV.
               Metode uji untuk pengujian Tilapia Lake Virus (TiLV) adalah Konvensional Nested PCR. Pengambilan contoh uji dalam penelitian Tilapia Lake Virus (TiLV) didasarkan pada frekuensi kegiatan lalu lintas ikan nila antar area melalui Balai Karantina Ikan, Pengendalian Mutu dan Keamanan Hasil Perikanan Surabaya I.               Hasil deteksi virus TiLV pada ikan nila di Balai KIPM Surabaya I padatanggal 1 Januari  sampai dengan 30 Juni 2021, diperoleh sebanyak 35 sampel ikan Nila. Sampel tersebutterdiri dari benih ikan nila dan ikan nila dengan hasil setiap sampel disajikan padalampiran 1. Dari seluruh sampel diperoleh hasil bahwa 35 sampel yang diperiksa ada 1 sampel yang positif TiLV. Adapun untuk sampel ikan nila negative TiLV maka sertifikat kesehatan ikan dapat diterbitkan dan dapat dilalulintaskan baik domestik maupun ekspor, namun apabila sampel ikan nila positif TiLV maka sertifikat kesehatan ikan tidak dapat diterbitkan dan dapat dilalulintaskan baik domestik maupun ekspor.
Haematological Responses following Oestrus synchronisation and superovulation protocols in West African Dwarf Goats
Authors: Adah Adakole
Published: January 2023

Experiments were performed to evaluate the haematological (erythrocyte and leucocyte parameters) response of West African Dwarf goats following oestrus synchronisation and superovulation protocol. Twenty-four clinically healthy female goats aged 2.34 ± 0.4 years and average body weight of   13.83 ± 0.7 kg was used for the experiment. The goats were divided into two groups. Group I goats was synchronized using Controlled Internal Drug Release (CIDR) for 18 days with the first day of insertion as day 0. On day 16 following CIDR insertion into the vagina, a single dose of 500 IU equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) was administered to each doe intramuscularly while group II served as the control was subjected to the same housing and environmental conditions but was not synchronized.   superovulation was induced with porcine follicle stimulating hormone (pFSH) which was injected intramuscularly at a rate of 5mg/kg in reducing doses twice a day at 06.00 h and 18.00 h for 3 days starting from 48hr i.e., 2 days before CIDR removal (day 17). A blood sample of 5 mL was collected by jugular venipuncture of each of the goats before the protocol (Day 0) and at the end of the protocol (Day 18). All erythrocyte parameters evaluated showed a significantly higher value in group II (control) compared to group I post-oestrus synchronisation while total leucocyte count, neutrophil count and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio values obtained after the protocol were also higher in group I (P < 0.05) compared to group II. It is therefore concluded that oestrus synchronisation and superovulation may elicit stress in West African Dwarf goats and an appropriate antioxidant should be part of the protocol.
Multi-Year Datasets of Groundwater Level and Surface Water Budget in a Central Mediterranean Site
Authors: Delle Rose Marco , Martano Paolo
Published: January 2023

This note makes available five years of data gathered in a measurement site equipped with a micrometeorological station and two monitoring wells. Series of data of hydrological and atmospheric variables allow to estimate the flux of water across the atmosphere-land interface and to calculate the water budget, that are crucial topics in climate and environmental sciences. The measures of water-table began during 2017, one of the driest year of the whole instrumental period of climate history for the Central Mediterranean. Data from the micrometeorological station have been used to construct two more datasets of daily and monthly cumulative values of different terms of the surface water budget, from which the groundwater infiltration has been estimated. A significant decreasing trend characterizes both the data time series of piezometric heights and estimated infiltration in the considered period. All the data are collected in 2017-2022 datasets that are available in the supplementary material.
A Review of Major Patents on Potential Malaria Vaccine Targets, Including Antigens from Different Stages of The Parasite Cycle
Authors: Mariano Reysla Maria da Silveira , Gonçalves Ana Alice Maia , Oliveira Diana Souza de , Ribeiro Helen Silva , Pereira Diogo Fonseca Soares , Santos Ingrid Soares , Lair Daniel Ferreira , Silva Augusto Ventura da , Galdino Alexsandro Sobreira , Chávez-Fumagalli Miguel A , Silveira-Lemos Denise da , Dutra Walderez Ornelas , Giunchetti Rodolfo Cordeiro
Published: January 2023

Malaria is a parasitic infection that is a great public health concern and is responsible for high mortality rates worldwide. Different strategies have been employed to improve disease control, demonstrating the ineffectiveness of controlling vectors, and parasite resistance to antimalarial drugs requires the development of an effective preventive vaccine. There are countless challenges to the development of such a vaccine directly related to the parasite's complex life cycle. After more than four decades of basic research and clinical trials, the World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended the pre-erythrocytic Plasmodium falciparum (RTS, S) malaria vaccine for widespread use among children living in malaria-endemic areas. However, there is a consensus that major improvements are needed to develop a vaccine with a greater epidemiological impact in endemic areas. This review discusses novel strategies for malaria vaccine design taking the target stages within the parasite cycle into account. The design of the multi-component vaccine shows considerable potential, especially as it involves transmission-blocking vaccines (TBVs) that eliminate the parasite's replication towards sporozoite stage parasites during a blood meal of female anopheline mosquitoes. Significant improvements have been made but additional efforts to achieve an efficient vaccine are required to improve control measures. Different strategies have been employed, thus demonstrating the ineffectiveness in controlling vectors, and parasite resistance to antimalarial drugs requires the development of a preventive vaccine. Despite having a vaccine in an advanced stage of development, such as the RTS, S malaria vaccine, the search for an effective vaccine against malaria is far from over. This review discusses novel strategies for malaria vaccine design taking into account the target stages within the parasite’s life cycle.
Overview of Protein and Fe Intake With The Event of Anemia In Adolescent: Systematic Review
Authors: Erningtyas Cantika , Amalia Rize Budi , Faizah Zakiyatul
Published: January 2023

Background: Adolescents are a group that is prone to anemia. Anemia is defined as a lower than normal haemoglobin level. The prevalence of anemia in adolescents in Indonesia is the highest at the age group of 15-24 years, 32%. The most common cause of anemia is lack of nutrients needed for erythrocyte synthesis. Substances that play a role in haemolysis are protein, vitamins (folic acid, vitamin B12, vitamin C and vitamin E), and minerals (Fe and Cu). 

Objective: To analyse the intake of protein and iron expected incidence of anemia in adolescent girls. 

Methods: This study used a systematic review method. The databases used to conduct this research are Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Portal Garuda and Google Scholar. The keywords used in Indonesian are "Anemia", "Remaja", "Asupan Gizi" or "Nutrisi", "Protein", "Fe" or "Zat besi" and in English are "Anemia", "Adolescent", “Nutritional Intake”, “Ferrous Sulfate” OR “Protein” 

Results: From several articles that have been reviewed, it is shown that protein intake and Fe (iron) intake of adolescents related to anemia are associated with the incidence of anemia experienced by adolescents. A good protein intake will affect haemoglobin levels in adolescent girls. In addition, intake of Fe (iron) will also affect haemoglobin levels in adolescents. 

Conclusion: intake of protein and iron will affect haemoglobin levels in adolescents. 
Kyai's Leadership Style in Increasing Santri Interprenuer During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Wakit Saipul , Nurdiana Ilfi , Yuliana Indah
Published: January 2023

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic certainly demands that everyone and educational institutions be creative and innovative and rise from adversity in the education, health and economic sectors. As for efforts to revive the economic sector during the pandemic and welcome the new normal, joint efforts are needed to generate both macro and micro economies such as UMKM, home industries and other creative economies in society. The solution that can be taken in overcoming the economic crisis from the impact of COVID-19 is to empower UMKM in the community and carry out interprenuership social movements. This is as has been done by Islamic boarding schools by carrying out several entrepreneurial activities to provide knowledge, skills, skills, mentality and instill a spirit of independence among students. This can go well, of course, cannot be separated from the role of the leader in it who motivates, moves, evaluates and makes strategic efforts. In this study using a qualitative method with a case study approach by extracting primary and secondary data with interviews, observation and documentation. Practically, the results of this research show that the role of the kyai in providing motivation is carried out in several varied methods according to the situation and conditions. As for how to move students, it is done by enabling leadership and structure, while the evaluation is carried out directly or indirectly with a practical approach. Practically, efforts to increase entrepreneurship are carried out through education, training, field studies, discussions, tutorials and expert lectures. Substantively in increasing entrepreneurship, the role of institutional leaders is needed in coordinating, mobilizing, motivating and evaluating with applicable examples.
Design and Fabrication of a Semi- Automatic Shoe Polishing Machine for Small Scale Business
Authors: Amosun Taiwo Semiu , Azike Shedrak E.
Published: January 2023

Shoe is generally made from leather which requires extreme care and regular polishing to maintain its shiny appearance. This work attempts to develop a semi-automatic shoe polishing machine for small scale enterprises. The machine is intended to grip the shoe at the right place, apply a layer of polishing wax all around the shoe and perform buffing action to obtain a shiny and assure minimum damage to the shoe. This semi-automatic shoe polishing machine is designed to consist of screw mechanism, a shaft, two bearings, two pulleys, belt, two fibred brushes, an electric motor and springs for gripping the shoe. The developed machine is limited to standard shoe sizes and capable of polishing a pair of shoes in 175 seconds.
Composite Floor Chair Waste Mangrove Fruit Flour
Authors: Prayitno Pungkas , Arif Joni , Arif Syaiful
Published: January 2023

One of the business sub-sectors that is capable of driving trade and development in Indonesia is the Handicraft Industry. One such craft industry is to utilize the potential of mangrove forests as economic management that manages with expertise, as well as creative, innovative, and commercial ideas so that it fosters interest and encourages people to develop ideas. Seeing from the potential availability of raw materials, this innovation is intended to utilize propagules as composite reinforcing materials, this innovation is carried out with the aim to model the floor chairs with propagules (Rhizophora mangrove fruit). This modeling uses the mixing of resin and powder propagules. The results show that it can be done by modeling floor chairs MangKoe using molds. This chair can hold back loads up to 70 kg.
A Comprehensive Review on the Capillary Desaturation Curves for Sandstone and Carbonate Reservoirs
Authors: Siyal Amaar , Rahimov Khurshed , AlAmeri Waleed , Al-Shalabi Emad W. , Ahmed Shehzad
Published: January 2023

Various enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods are applied after primary and secondary recovery stages to target remaining oil saturation (ROS). This remaining oil is divided into bypassed oil and capillary-trapped residual oil. Mobilizing the residual oil in the reservoir is usually achieved when viscous or gravity forces exceed capillary forces. The recovery of the microscopically trapped residual oil is mainly studied using capillary desaturation curve (CDC). To optimize the design of various EOR methods in carbonate and sandstone reservoirs, a fundamental understanding of CDC is needed. A thorough and well-documented research study has been performed for determining the residual oil and generating CDC in sandstone rocks. However, a very limited amount of work has been reported on carbonate rocks. Thus, the main objective of this paper is to provide the recent development made over the last few decades on the CDC studies for carbonate and sandstone reservoirs. Different CDC studies were discussed based on the trapping/bond/capillary number and were critically analyzed. Furthermore, the effects of different controlling factors—wettability, permeability, interfacial tension (IFT), and heterogeneity—on CDC were investigated.

This review analysis indicates that CDC in carbonate rocks is broader as opposed to sandstone rocks. This is because of the presence of micropores, large pore size distribution, complex geological characteristics, chemical reactivity, mixed-to-oil-wet characteristics, and heterogeneity of carbonate rocks. Moreover, the critical capillary number for water injection in carbonate rocks reported in the literature lies between 10–8 and 10–5. On the other hand, for sandstone rocks, the number ranges between 10–5 and 10–2. Furthermore, a major influence of wettability on the shape of the CDC was observed. The CDC shape is broader for oil-wet rocks, and capillary number values are higher compared to water-wet and mixed-wet rocks. On the other hand, the lowest capillary number values are observed in water-wet rocks. The outcome of this research study will provide a way forward for CDC studies in both sandstone and carbonate rocks. Additionally, it will serve as a baseline for understanding various CDCs and hence better screening of various EOR methods for different types of reservoir rocks.
A Hydraulic Fracture Geometry Inversion Model Based on Distributed-Acoustic -Sensing Data
Authors: Hu Xiaodong , Tu Zhiyong , Zhou Fujian , Zhao Yang , Li Xintong , Zhou Qianlong , Gou Xiaoyan
Published: January 2023

Distributed-acoustic-sensing (DAS) data have been widely used to monitor multifracture hydraulic fracturing. Interpreting hydraulic fracture geometry (width and length) using DAS data is a popular topic of current research. However, the previous study can only estimate the fracture width near the offset well from single low-frequency DAS (LF-DAS) data. Due to the multiplicity problem, no study was attempted to characterize fracture lengths from DAS data. In this paper, we propose a new model to inverse the fracture length and width over treatment time from multiple sources of data [LF-DAS, high-frequency DAS (HF-DAS), and injection rate data]. First, HF-DAS waterfall plots of the treatment well and injection rate curves are aligned to determine the volume of fluid injected into each fracture. LF-DAS data along the offset well are related to fracture width by the Green function. The fracture length and width are determined by combining the Green function and fluid volume constraint. Second, the Picard and the least-squares methods are used to improve the robustness of the model computation. The inversion model is validated by a fracture propagation case generated by the displacement discontinuity method (DDM). In addition, the effects of the distance between the fiber and the wellbore, spatial sampling spacing, and fracture spacing on the computational stability of the inversion model are discussed. By combining DAS data and other monitoring data (e.g., inject rate) from treatment or offset well, the fracture length and width with treatment time can be accurately estimated. Results of fracture geometry interpretation can optimize fracture design and help improve production efficiency.
Anisometropia in Children in Shandong, China: A Prospective Longitudinal Study
Authors: Jing X , Yuanyuan Hu , Xiuyan Zhang , Qingmei Tian , Qiuxin Wu , Tailiang Lu , Jike Song , Hongsheng Bi
Published: January 2023

Objectives: To determine the characteristics of anisometropia in children.
Design: This is a prospective study of Chinese school children. A total of 1474 children (4-15 years old) from 12 schools of Guanxian county (Shandong, China) were enrolled between December 2018 and June 2020 through cluster sampling. The changes of differences in spherical equivalent refraction (SER), axial length (AL) in different anisometropia, and the increases of SER, AL in new-onset anisometropia, non-anisometropia were evaluated over 18 months.
Results: Among 1474 children, 1347 (91.4%) children had a full set of data at the first visit. The prevalence of SER anisometropia was 8.5% at the first visit, and increased to 15.1% at the second visit (χ2=27.077, p<0.001). Among children with SER anisometropia (n=110), 25.45% (28/110) experienced an increase in anisometropia ≥0.5 D, whereas 20.91% (23/110) experienced a decrease in anisometropia ≥0.5 D, and 53.64% (59/110) with anisometropia were stable. For L eyes, the increase of SER was greater in the new-onset anisometropia than that in the non-anisometropia (p<0.05); for H eyes, the increases of SER in the two groups were not significantly different (p>0.05).
Conclusions: The prevalence of anisometropia increased over time. Nearly half of children with anisometropia were unstable. The unilaterally greater rate of SER increase in children could be associated with the development of anisometropia.
Neuronal growth on high-aspect-ratio diamond nanopillar arrays for biosensing applications
Authors: Losero Elena , Goblot Valentin , Pezzoli Maurizio , Babashah Hossein , Jagannath Somanath , Galland Christophe , Quack Niels , Lashuel Hilal
Published: January 2023

Monitoring neuronal activity with simultaneously high spatial and temporal resolution in living cell cultures is crucial to advance understanding of the development and functioning of our brain, and to gain further insights in the origin of brain disorders. While it has been demonstrated that the quantum sensing capabilities of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond allow real time detection of action potentials from large neurons in marine invertebrates, quantum monitoring of mammalian neurons (presenting much smaller dimensions and thus producing much lower signal and requiring higher spatial resolution) has hitherto remained elusive. In this context, diamond nanostructuring can offer the opportunity to boost the diamond platform sensitivity to the required level. However, a comprehensive analysis of the impact of a nanostructured diamond surface on the neuronal viability and growth was lacking. Here, we pattern a single crystal diamond surface with large-scale nanopillar arrays and we successfully demonstrate growth of a network of living and functional primary mouse hippocampal neurons on it. Our study on geometrical parameters reveals preferential growth along the nanopillar grid axes with excellent physical contact between cell membrane and nanopillar apex. Our results suggest that neuron growth can be tailored on diamond nanopillars to realize a nanophotonic quantum sensing platform for wide-field and label-free neuronal activity recording with sub-cellular resolution.
Bipolar argumentative semantics for t-norm based fuzzy logics
Authors: Corsi Esther Anna
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we introduce argumentative sound and complete semantics for the three main t- norm based fuzzy logics, Łukasiewicz (Ł), Goedel (G) and product logic (Π). We understand the arguments as complex entities and instantiate the link between the support and the claim of an argument with the three t-norm consequence relations corresponding to Ł, G and Π. The argumentative frameworks considered are bipolar frames. Thus, the arguments interact through two different relations: the attack and the support relation. By introducing argumentative principles defined over the two relations and using the notion of argumentative immunity, the semantics are recovered.
A novel incision technique of totally implanted venous access port in upper arm for patients with breast cancer
Authors: Song Xue , Chen Shengying , Dai Yan , Sun Yang , Lin Xiaojie , He Jiafa , Chen Qianjun , Xu Rui
Published: January 2023

Background

Totally implanted venous access port (TIVAP) in upper arm is a safe and cost-effective vascular access device and is widely used in breast cancer patients. Traditional tunneling technique increase the operation time and unsatisfied cosmetic effect so we explore the feasibility, cosmetic effect, and complications of an upper arm port with a novel incision in this retrospective study.

Methods

We reviewed 489 cases of totally implantable venous access port implantation in the upper arm with two types of incision in our center from 1 January 2018 to 30 January 2022. The patients were divided in to two different incision groups including puncture site incision group(n = 282) and conventional tunneling group(n = 207). The comparison of the results were collected between the two groups and contributing factors were analyzed for major complications.

Results

A total of 489 patients were successfully implanted arm port with puncture site incision technique(n = 282, 57.7%) and conventional tunneling technique(n = 207, 42.3%). The average operation time of two types of incision was (36.5 ± 15) min in the puncture site incision group and (55 ± 18.1) min in the tunnel needle group ( P < 0.05). In terms of complications,33 catheter-related complications occurred (6.4%), including 9 cases of infection, 15 cases of catheter-related thrombosis and 7 cases of skin exposure. 14 patients in the puncture site incision group developed complications compared with 17 in the traditional incision group.There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of overall complication events (5.0% and 8.2%, p = 0.145) while the same result were found in each complication event. Weight, total cholesterol and diabetes were found to be associated with device-related infections in univariate Cox proportional hazard regression models. Diabetes was found to be associated with device-related infections in multivariate analysis while hypertension was associated with thrombosis.
Conclusions: The methods of puncture site incision improves the efficiency of the procedure and provide a better cosmetic appearance compared with traditional tunnel needle technique. It is a novel technique and preferable for totally implantable venous access port implantation in upper arm with comparable overall rate of complication for patients with breast cancer. It is worthy of being used and promoted in clinical research.
Comparative effects of epidural steroid injections on disc bulging and disc protrusion in patients with discogenic low back pain
Authors: Çetin Eyüp , Şah Volkan , Zengin İrfan , Arabacı Özkan , Akyol Mehmet Edip , Yücel Murat
Published: January 2023

Objective
In this study, we aimed to examine the effect of epidural steroid administration (ESI) on disc bulging and disc protrusion in patients with discogenic low back pain.
Materials and Methods
The prospective randomized study reviewed medical records of 71 patients with discogenic low back pain who were radiologically proven as disc bulging and disc protrusion with or without radicular pain and did not require surgery at Neurosurgery Department between June 2021 and June 2022. All the patients underwent ESI and attended regular follow-up visits for a period of 6 months. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores were assessed before the procedure, one week after the procedure, one month after the procedure, and six months after the procedure.
Results
There was no significant difference between patients with disc bulging and disc protrusion in terms of demographic characteristics. In both groups, both VAS and ODI scores showed a significant decrease in the post-procedure period compared to the pre-procedure period. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups with regard to the reduction rate between post-procedure 1st week VAS scores and pre-procedure VAS scores.
Conclusion
The results indicated that lumbar interlaminar steroid injection is an effective treatment for disc bulging and discogenic pain due to protrusion and that both groups benefited from ESI administration. Additionally, except for the first week of injection, relief due to the use of epidural steroids was observed to be greater in the Disc Protrusion group compared to the Disc Bulging group.
IL-17A facilitates entry of autoreactive T-cells and granulocytes into the CNS during EAE
Authors: Zimmermann Julian , Nitsch Louisa , Krauthausen Marius , Müller Marcus
Published: January 2023

Interleukin-17A plays a crucial role in multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases. Although the link between IL-17 and disease activity has been clearly demonstrated, the precise function of this cytokine remains elusive. Here, we investigated the function of astrocyte targeted IL-17A production in GF/IL17 transgenic mice during EAE. In particular, IL-17A is importantduring disease induction. In mice with transgenic IL-17A production, disease occurs earlier and peak disease is more severe, whereas remission is unimpaired. IL-17A synthesis is associated with increased infiltration of granulocytes into the CNS and microglial activation. Moreover, IL-17A synthesis allows induction of MOG-EAE without the additional administration of the co-adjuvant pertussis toxin. Examination of double transgenic GF/IL17 2D2 mice revealed that, in addition, local IL-17A production facilitates spontaneous infiltration of immune cells into the CNS in mice expressing a MOG-specific T-cell receptor. Overall, we provide evidence for a crucial effect of IL-17A in the induction phase of EAE, facilitating the infiltration of granulocytes and autoreactive T cells into the CNS.
Biosynthesis of polyene antibiotics and sterols under the action of exogenous β-sitosterol by Streptomyces netropsis IMV Ac-5025
Authors: Loboda Mariia , Biliavska Liudmyla
Published: January 2023

Unexplained aspects of the biosynthetic capacity of Streptomyces netropsisIMV Ac-5025 were studied. Correlations in the biosynthesis of polyene antibiotics with other biological active substance by the producer were found for the first time. Exogenous β-sitosterol caused an increase of polyene antibiotics biosynthesis and their excretion from the cells into culture liquid. Their sum was raised 4.5-fold in biomass and 2.5-fold in culture liquid under the action of 10 μg/mL of β-sitosterol. Biomass accumulation was almost doubled under the action of 5 μg/mL of exogenous substance in the synthetic nutrient medium and 1.5-fold – in organic. Squalene, ergosterol, cholesterol, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, and 24-epibrasinolide were accumulated in producer cells. Their sum was ranged from 1.753 to 4.750 mg/g ADB and was increased 2.7-fold under the action of 0.25 μg/mL of β-sitosterol. These results are important for understanding the complex relationships of metabolic pathways in streptomycetes cells.
Texture Feature Analysis of MRI-ADC Images to Differentiate Glioma Grades Using Machine Learning Techniques.
Authors: Vijithananda Sahan M. , Jayatilake Mohan Mohan L. , Gonçalves Teresa C. , Hewavithana Badra , Rato Luis M. , Weerakoon Bimali S. , Kalupahana Tharindu D. , Silva Anil D. , Dissanayake Karuna
Published: January 2023

Background: Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is an indispensable imaging technique in clinical neuroimaging that quantitatively assesses the diffusivity of water molecules within tissues using Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). This study focuses on developing a robust Machine Learning (ML) model to predict the aggressiveness of gliomas according to World Health Organization (WHO) grading by analyzing patients’ demographics, higher-order moments, and Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) texture features of ADC.
Methods: A population of 722 labeled MRI-ADC brain image slices from 88 human subjects was selected, where gliomas are labeled as glioblastoma multiforme (WHO-IV), high-grade glioma (WHO-III), and low-grade glioma (WHO I-II). Images were acquired using 3T-MR systems and a region of interest (ROI) was delineated over tumor areas. Skewness, kurtosis, and statistical texture features of GLCM (mean, variance, energy, entropy, contrast, homogeneity, correlation, prominence, and shade) were calculated using ADC values within ROI. The ANOVA f-test was utilized to select the best features to train an ML model. The data set was split into training (70%) and testing (30%) sets. The train set was fed into several ML algorithms and selected most promising ML algorithm using K-fold cross-validation. The hyper-parameters of the selected algorithm were optimized using random grid search technique. Finally, the performance of the developed model was assessed by calculating accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 values reported for the test set.
Results: According to the ANOVA f-test, three attributes; patient gender (1.48), GLCM energy (9.48), and correlation (13.86) that performed minimum scores were excluded from the dataset. Among the tested algorithms, the random forest classifier(0.8772±0.0237) performed the highest score and selected to build the ML model which was able to predict tumor categories with an accuracy of 88.14% over the test set.
Conclusion: The study concludes that the developed ML model using the above features except for patient gender, GLCM energy, and correlation, has high prediction accuracy in glioma grading. Therefore, the outcomes of this study enable to development of advanced tumor classification applications that assist in the decision-making process in a real-time clinical environment.
Ssc-miR-221-3p regulates melanin production in Xiang pigs melanocytes by targeting the TYRP1 gene
Authors: Yuan Wei , Qin Hai , Bi Huan , Zhao Depeng , Zhang Yiyu , Chen Wei
Published: January 2023

Background
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs of endogenous origin that down-regulate gene expression. An increasing number of studies have confirmed that miRNAs play an important role in mammalian hair color production, and the TYRP1 gene, a member of the tyrosine family, is also an important candidate gene affecting melanogenesis. The aim of this study was to screen genes and miRNAs that affect melanin in Xiang pigs by transcriptome sequencing, and to validate through experiments whether the screened genes and miRNAs have a targeted regulatory relationship with each other and whether they can jointly affect melanin production in Xiang pigs.
Results
17 miRNAs and 1230 genes were significantly differentially expressed in the black and white skin tissues of Xiang pigs(P < 0.05), based on which the candidate miRNA-221-3p for melanin formation and its target gene TYRP1 were screened. TYRP1 gene, as a member of the TYR gene family, was evolved from the TYR gene through chromosome segmental duplication, and the gene function was highly conserved throughout the evolutionary process. overexpression of TYRP1 gene significantly increased the expression of TYR, TYRP1 and DCT genes༈P < 0.01༉, which in turn increased the relative content of melanin, and TYRP1-siRNA significantly decreased the expression of TYR, TYRP1, and DCT genes in Xiang pig melanocytes༈P < 0.01༉, which in turn decreased the relative melanin content. Validation of the targeted binding relationship between ssc-miR-221-3p and TYRP1 gene, after transfection of porcine melanocytes with ssc-miR-221-3p mimic, the expression of ssc-miR-221-3p was significantly up-regulated༈P < 0.01༉, TYR, TYRP1, and DCT genes were significantly down-regulated at both mRNA and protein levels༈P < 0.01༉, and melanin content in cells was significantly reduced༈P < 0.01༉.
Conclusion
The TYRP1 gene can affect melanogenesis in melanocytes of the Xiang pigs, and ssc-miR-221-3p targets the TYRP1 gene to affect melanogenesis in melanocytes of the Xiang pigs.
Discovery of 3,7-dimethoxyflavone that inhibits liver fibrosis based on dual mechanisms of antioxidant and inhibitor of activated hepatic stellate cell
Authors: Park Hyomin , Lee Eun Ju , Moon Dodam , Cha Areum , Yun Hyunji , Hwang Injoo , Kim Hyo-Soo
Published: January 2023

The important pathway toward liver fibrosis is the TGF-β1-induced activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). To discover chemicals to inhibit liver fibrosis, we screened 3,000 chemicals using cell array system where human HSCs line LX2 cells are activated with TGF-β1. We discovered 3,7-dimethoxyflavone (3,7-DMF) as a chemical to inhibit TGF-β1-induced activation of HSCs.
In the thioacetamide (TAA)-induced mouse liver fibrosis model, 3,7-DMF treatment via intraperitoneal or oral administration prevented liver fibrosis as well as reversed the established fibrosis in the separate experiments. It also reduced liver enzyme elevation, suggesting protective effect on hepatocytes because it has antioxidant effect. Treatment with 3,7-DMF induced antioxidant genes, quenches ROS away, and improved the hepatocyte condition that was impaired by H2O2 as reflected by restoration of HNF-4α and albumin. In the TAA-mouse liver injury model also, TAA significantly increased ROS in the liver which led to decrease of albumin and nuclear expression of HNF-4α, increase of TGF-β1 and hepatocytes death, accumulation of lipid, and extra-nuclear localization of HMGB1. Treatment of 3,7-DMF normalized all these pathologic findings and prevented or resolved liver fibrosis.
In conclusion, we discovered 3,7-DMF that inhibits liver fibrosis based on dual actions; antioxidant and inhibitor of TGF-β1-induced activation of HSCs.
Design of Uniplanar Compact Electromagnetic Band Gap (UC-EBG) for Massive MIMO 5G C-Band Antenna
Authors: Sandi Efri , Maruddani Baso , Yuliatmojo Pitoyo , Saputra Ari Alifa
Published: January 2023

This study aims to reduce the mutual coupling and envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) parameters of massive MIMO antennas. This parameter is important to support the performance of MIMO antennas in increasing high-speed data transmission. The observations in this study were carried out at a frequency of 3.5 GHz as one of the 5G frequency bands by using a comparative study method between the performance of the addition of Uni-planar Compact EBG (UC-EBG) and without using UC-EBG. The study used a massive MIMO 64 element antenna design with the addition of a specially designed UC-EBG surrounding the antenna element. The parameters of simulation and measurement results are compared with conventional MIMO antenna performance (without UC-EBG). Simulation results and antenna measurements show that the addition of the UC-EBG structure has succeeded in reducing the mutual coupling by 1.23 dB and improve the ECC parameter by 0.61. In addition, the UC-EBG structure can improve the performance of return loss and massive MIMO antenna VSWR. These results indicate that the addition of a special UC-EBG design around the MIMO patch antenna proposed in this study has an important contribution in increasing the isolation of massive MIMO antennas and can be the basis for the development of massive MIMO microstrip antennas.
H2-reduced phosphomolybdate promotes room-temperature aerobic oxidation of methane to methanol
Authors: Wang Sikai , Fund Victor , Hülsey Max , Liang Xiaocong , Yu Zhiyang , Chang Jinquan , Folli Andrea , Lewis Richard , Hutchings Graham , He Qian , Yan Ning
Published: January 2023

The selective partial oxidation of methane to methanol using molecular oxygen represents a long-standing challenge in the field of catalysis, inspiring extensive study for many decades However, to date considerable challenges still prevent large-scale production via the aerobic route. Herein, we report a Pd-containing phosphomolybdate catalyst (Pd/CsPMA), which, after activation by H2 converts methane and O2 almost exclusively to methanol at room temperature. The highest activity reached 67.4 µmolgcat−1h− 1. Pd enables rapid H2 activation and H spillover to phosphomolybdate for Mo reduction, while facile O2 and subsequent methane activation occurs on the reduced phosphomolybdate sites. Phosphomolybdate maintained its Keggin-type structure during the reaction, and the catalyst is reused 4 times without losing activity. The work reveals the underexplored potential of Mo-based catalyst for aerobic methane oxidation and highlights the importance of regulating the chemical valance state to construct methane active sites.