bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Profile of arrythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia (ARCV/D) patients presenting with sustained ventricular tachycardia in a tertiary care center
Authors: Sudan Rahul , Yaqoob Irfan , Aslam Khursheed , Ahmad Mehroz
Published: March 2018

Background: Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy /dysplasia (ARVC/D) is a genetic form of cardiomyopathy and is one among the most common causes of sudden cardiac death (SCD). The aim of our study was to analyze the clinical profile of (ARVC/D) patients presenting with sustained Ventricular Tachycardia (VT).Methods: This single center cohort study evaluated 107 patients who presented with sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) in our hospital. After aetiological evaluation of all these patients, 15 patients were found to have ARVC/D as the cause of sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) as per the Modified Task Force Criteria. The clinical profile of these patients was observed in detail to enhance our knowledge about this entity in our part of the world.Results: Mean age at presentation was 30 years and 12 patients were males. Nine patients were haemodynamically stable at the time of sustained VT and the rest of patients were haemodynamically unstable. Left Bundle Branch Block (LBBB) was the most common ECG morphology present in 11 patients. Antiarrhythmic drugs terminated VT in 7 patients. All the 6 patients presenting in a state of haemodynamic instability received DC cardioversion. Mortality occurred in 2 patients during the hospital stay.Conclusions: ARVC/D presenting with sustained VT is an important manifestation of the disease. Males are more commonly affected than females. Haemodynamic instability at the time of presentation carries a poor prognosis.
Studies on the hepatic and renal status of patients with sickle cell disease from western zone of Maharashtra, India
Authors: Garg Deepa , Satam Neha , N. Nimisha , Marar T. , Patil V. W.
Published: March 2018

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the most common inherited monogenic genetic disorder in Indian tribal and non-tribal population. This condition is caused by mutations in the hemoglobin gene and inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. Pathogenesis in SCD varies widely from patient to patient. Most of the infections affect SCD pathogenesis, so early diagnosis of the same is important.Methods: The present study was designed to evaluate the biochemical parameters to assess the hepatic and renal status in SCD subjects from west zone of Maharashtra, India. Patients with sickle cell disease (n=50) from primary health centres of Palghar were included in this study and age and sex matched healthy persons (n=50) were controls. Informed written consent was obtained from all the study subjects.Results: Our findings showed that Aspartate trasaminase (AST), Alanine transaminase (ALT), bilirubin and creatinine increased significantly above normal level in SCD subjects. Albumin and urea levels in SCD were found to have decreased in the SCD subjects. There is a slight increase in uric acid and creatinine levels; this indicates an adverse effect on hepatic function and moderate effect on renal function in sickle cell anemia patients. Most common events of SCD pathogenesis, can be categorized into hemolytic events and vaso-occlusive crisis-based events. Adverse effect on hepatic function can lead to further hemolytic events.Conclusions: Although specific biomarkers related to these different events needs to understand for assessment of pathogenesis, the ones we have studied can be useful to assess the status of hepatic and renal function to follow the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions.
Variations in the anatomical and branching pattern of the left coronary artery: a cadaveric study
Authors: S. Lakshmiprabha , Afroze Khizer Hussain , P. Ramesh , K. R. Asha , C. Shivaleela , D. Anupama
Published: March 2018

Background: Coronary arteries are the branch of ascending aorta and it is the main arterial supply of the myocardium of the heart. Left coronary artery (LCA) usually arises from left posterior aortic sinus. The site of manifestation of myocardial infarction depends on the occlusion of an artery or its branches involved in atherosclerosis. To know the site of lesion and occlusion of the particular artery, detailed anatomy of its course, branches and variations to be studied in detail.Methods: Study was conducted on 55 heart specimens in Department of Anatomy at Sri Siddhartha Medical College (SSMC), Sri Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education (SSAHE). The left coronary artery was dissected carefully, and it was traced from its origin. Any variation in the course and branching pattern was recorded and photographed.Results: No variation was found in the origin of LCA. In the present study, the most frequent division pattern of the left coronary artery was observed as the bifurcation in 30 specimens (54.54%) followed by trifurcation in 23 specimens (41.82%). Tetrafurcation and pentafurcation of LCA were observed in one specimen each (1.82%).Conclusions: Our study tries to focus on branching pattern of LCA for the better knowledge of accurate diagnosis and therapeutic intervention in the management of coronary artery diseases.
Prescription audit in outpatient department of a teaching hospital of North East, India
Authors: Saha Arjun , Bhattacharjya Himadri , Sengupta Bitan , Debbarma Rajkishore
Published: March 2018

Background: Quality of the prescriptions generated from OPD of Agartala Government Medical College and Govinda Ballabh Pant Hospital is never assessed. The study objectives were to find out the quality in terms of legibility, completeness and adherence to WHO core prescribing indicators of the prescriptions generated from OPD of this hospital.Methods: This hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted during 11th to 16th December 2017 among 442 prescriptions picked up from 12 OPDs by multi stage sampling technique and examined using a checklist designed to assess adherence to WHO core prescribing indicators, legibility and completeness. Data entry and analysis were performed with computer using SPSS 15.0. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square test were used to present data.Results: Total 1169 items were prescribed in 442 prescriptions. Only 50.90% prescriptions were legible. Average number of drugs prescribed per encounter was 2.64, 223 (19.07%) were generic drugs, 14 (1.19%) were injections, 176 (15.05%) were antibiotics and 618 (52.86%) items were from the national essential drug list. History was written in 62.70%, findings were written in 52.70%, diagnosis was written in 40.00%, 87.80% prescriptions contained no review instructions, 84.60% contained complete directions to the pharmacist, 87.10% did not contain complete direction to the patients and signature section was incomplete in 99.80% of the prescriptions. Significantly higher proportions of the high ranked prescribers wrote generic items, review instructions and complete directions to the patients in their prescriptions (p < 0.05).Conclusions: Most of the prescriptions generated from OPD of Agartala Government Medical College and Govinda Ballabh Pant Hospital were found to be incomplete, about half of them were illegible and sizeable proportions did not adhere to the WHO core prescribing indicators.
A camp based screening of BMD in medical students: early detection of an iceberg phenomenon
Authors: Mishra Santosh Kumar , Trivedi Anshuli , Neelkanth Namita , Trivedi Anubhooti
Published: March 2018

Background: Low Bone mineral density (BMD)/Osteopenia is an iceberg phenomenon. It is ignored by younger population and perceived as geriatric illness. As the study of medicine is very taxing its need of hour to detect low BMD amongst medical students to avoid musculo-skeletal disease due to low BMD in future.Methods: A DXA based technique was used to detect BMD amongst 72 under 25 years female medical students using nonrandom, opportunistic sampling technique. The data was collected in pre-designed pretested proforma and complied and analyzed using MS-Excel 2010 and Epi info-7.0. The data was expressed in percentages and proportions. Those with osteopenia were given appropriate medical advice.Results: In total 20.93% students had osteopenia and 55.56% participants had musculoskeletal complaints and most common being low back pain esp. in osteopenic participants. A statistically significant low level of BMD was observed amongst sunscreen users and physically inactive participants. No association was seen between BMD and BMI, regular, milk intake, type of diet or fasting.Conclusions: A significant number of female medical students were osteopenic and suffered from musculoskeletal disorders. A regular BMD assessment with calcium/vit D supplementation and regular physical exercise can restore/ conserve BMD. The currently available techniques can detect BMD in females but not in young males.
Recent trends in the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of urinary pathogens in type II diabetes mellitus
Authors: Gurjar Dinesh , Mathur Akash , Sai Ramkrishna , Lakesar Arvind , Saxena Puneet
Published: March 2018

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most frequently encountered diseases in clinical practice and since the diabetic patients are at an increased risk of infections specially those of the urinary tract it is imperative for a physician to be aware of the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of urinary pathogens. Thus, in this study we assess the recent trends in antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of urinary pathogens in type II diabetes mellitus.Methods: Ninety-three eligible type II diabetes mellitus cases without genitourinary symptoms or abnormalities along with 93 non-diabetic healthy controls were recruited. Mid-stream urine was collected after taking informed consent and each sample tested using the dipstick, microscopy and culture techniques. Isolates were identified using standard biochemical tests.Results: Prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) in our study was found to be 34.4% among cases of type II diabetes mellitus while it was 6.45% among non-diabetic healthy controls. E. coli was the most common urinary pathogen isolated. E. coli susceptibility towards amikacin was 85.71%, towards ceftriaxone and nitrofurantoin was 71.73% and for meropenem and doxycycline 66.67% susceptibility was observed. In the one case where pseudomonas was cultured, it was susceptible to meropenem, gentamycin, cefoperazone-sulbactum and cefuroxime. In an isolated case where Proteus species was grown, it showed susceptibility to meropenem, norfloxacin, levofloxacin and co-trimoxazole. Enterobacter species which was grown, showed susceptibility to meropenem, vancomycin, amikacin, nitrofurantoin, norfloxacin, levofloxacin and co-trimoxazole. Gram positive bacteria mainly showed susceptibility to ceftriaxone, teicoplanin, vancomycin and doxycycline.Conclusions: The prevalence of bacteriuria is significantly higher in diabetics as compared to non-diabetics and with the recent trends suggestive of emerging resistance among urinary pathogens to some of the commonly used anti-microbials it is of utmost importance to carry out regular surveillance of bacterial profile and their anti-microbial susceptibilities to formulate updated guidelines for effectively treating urinary infections in diabetic patients.
Primary renal leiomyosarcoma: a rare entity
Authors: Beigh Ambreen , Sheikh Bilal , Sheikh Junaid , Mujo Shaheena Parveen , Summyia Farooq
Published: March 2018

Background: Primary leiomyosarcoma of the kidney is an exceptionally rare tumor with an aggressive behavior. However, reported literature is very limited. Since the prognosis for a renal sarcoma is extremely poor, differentiation from sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is necessary. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry are the only modes of diagnosing these sarcomas as they have no specific diagnostic features clinically and radiologically. Objectives was to evaluate the clinicopathological pattern of leiomyosarcomas arising from kidney.Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Srinagar. It was a retrospective study done over a period of 3 years, July 2014 to June 2017. A total of 4 patients, who underwent surgery and were diagnosed with primary LMS of the kidney, were included in the present study.Results: The study was done to evaluate the clinicopathological pattern of 4 cases of primary renal LMS diagnosed at a tertiary care hospital. Age of the patients ranged from 35-64 years with a mean age of 53.5 years. Sex ratio of 1:1 was observed. Major presenting symptom was flank pain (75%) followed by mass abdomen (50%). Also, one of the patients presented with spontaneous rupture of kidney. Radical nephrectomy was done in all patients. On gross examination tumor had originated from renal pelvis (50%) in 2 patients, renal vein (25%) in one patient whereas, renal capsule (25%) appeared to be the site of origin in other patient. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry proved the lesion as primary leiomyosarcoma of kidney.Conclusions: Being a rare tumour, renal leiomyosarcoma needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis of renal masses even in patients younger than 40 years.
Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness analysis in normal, ocular hypertensive, and primary open angle glaucoma: an optical coherence tomography study
Authors: Patel Dipak , Rana Poonam , Dua Siddharth , Patel Roshni
Published: March 2018

Background: To correlate the findings of optical coherence tomography (OCT) evaluation of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in primary open angle glaucoma, ocular hypertensive and normal eyes.Methods: A 34 consecutive normal, 26 consecutive ocular hypertensives and 40 consecutive glaucomatous eyes underwent a complete ophthalmic examination, including applanation tonometry, disc evaluation, gonioscopy and perimetry. Thickness of the RNFL around the optic disc was determined with 3.4 mm diameter-wide 3D 2000 TOPCON OCT. Average and segmental RNFL thickness values were compared among all groups.Results: Of the 100 eyes enrolled, the mean RNFL thickness was significantly less in glaucomatous eyes (83.165±15.938) than in normal’s (102.42±15.2) and ocular hypertensive’s (100.45±7.38). RNFL, average thicknesses in all four quadrants in POAG patients were significantly decreased compared with the OHT and the control groups.Conclusions: RNFL measurement with SD-OCT could provide important information for detection of early stages of glaucoma. (pre-perimetric glaucoma) as well as help in evaluating progression of glaucoma.
Status of serum anti-mullerian hormone and lipid profile in polycystic ovarian syndrome: a cross-sectional study at tertiary care centre of central India
Authors: Paneri Sangita , Suslade Shakti , Bafna Angurbala , Shreedhar Jayshee , Sarkar P. Dey , Verma Meena
Published: March 2018

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of chronic anovulation in young women and affects 5 to 10 % of the female population. Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) level indicate the quantity of the ovarian follicle pool and may be a useful marker of ovarian reserves. In order to establish the pattern of change in serum AMH level and its contribution in alteration of lipid metabolism and PCOS related complications the present study was planned.Methods: Study was carried out in M.G.M. medical college, Govt Holker College and K. R. G’s Blessed mom centre from June -2016 to December -2017. The study population consisted total 50 women subjects among them 25 women suffering from PCOS aged between 18 to 35-year taken as case group and 25 age matched healthy women taken as control group. Fasting blood sample was collected from each subject and analyzed for AMH level and Lipid profile level.Results: Results revealed that significantly increased serum AMH, cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, VLDL levels and significantly decreased HDL levels were observed in PCOS cases when compare to control subjects.Conclusions: Study concluded elevated AMH level leads to increase risk of polycystic ovarian syndrome and PCOS associated hyperlipidemia and other complications.
Cardiovascular changes in patients presenting with vertigo
Authors: Rosario David D. M. , Sequeira Anitha
Published: March 2018

Background: The term dizziness often used to refer to a host of complaints which present in a similar manner. Of these vertigo is the most common. A thorough knowledge of cardiovascular changes that occur in subjects presenting with peripheral vertigo will help the treating medical practioner to promptly identify the cause of symptoms and prevent any confusion that may alter the course of treatment. The aim of this study to identify the changes in cardiovascular parameters that occur in patients with vertigo.Methods: Study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital during a period of two years during which 100 subjects where studied. Of these 50 where healthy adults which was taken as control group. Remaining 50 subjects where those who were admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of peripheral vertigo and termed as case group. Cardiovascular parameters where accessed in terms of pulse rate, rhythm, blood pressure and ECG Recordings among both the groups taken in static position and with 30 degree head tilt backwards and 45 degree angulation on either sides as is done during Dix-Hallpike’s maneuver immediately, after 3 minutes and 10 minutes of positioning the patient.Results: The study showed that there is no significant change in cardiovascular parameters in patients with vertigo when compared with healthy individuals in static position. Immediately following change in position of head there is sudden fall in pulse as well as blood pressure which then gradually comes back to baseline levels in healthy individuals. When there is a labyrinthine dysfunction in those who have hyper active labyrinth the pulse rate and Blood pressure increases sharply immediately after change in position then gradually comes back to baseline level. In hypo active labyrinth the pulse rate and blood pressure falls marginally compared to normal individuals and in dead labyrinths there is a significant fall in pulse rate and blood pressure immediately following change in position which then gradually reverts back to normal.Conclusions: From our study it is quite clear that there are considerable changes in cardiac parameters in patients presenting vertigo which should be kept in mind while evaluating the patients to prevent misdiagnosis. The study also proves a close coordination between vestibular system and central cardiovascular regulatory mechanisms during positional changes to maintain hemodynamic stability.
Frequency of peripheral neuropathy in pre diabetics in sub Himalayan region: a cross sectional observational study
Authors: Lal Roshan , Kaushik Madan , Sharma Sudhir , Raina Rajiv , Mahajan Sanjay , Chaudhary Satish , Sharma Ritin , Kanwar Neeraj , Thakur Manish Kumar
Published: March 2018

Background: Peripheral neuropathy in pre diabetics has been studied in various studies till now. Many are in support and many against. No data was available in any study using all three criteria i.e. impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance and HbA1C. Aim was to study the frequency of peripheral neuropathy in pre diabetics in a tertiary health care centre in sub Himalayan region.Methods: A 50 patients of prediabetes were enrolled for this study; preformed proforma was used to collect the information, data on examination and investigations. Then these patients were subjected to nerve conduction studies.Results: Out of total 50 pre diabetic patients 9(18%) were diagnosed having peripheral neuropathy. Maximum number of pre diabetic patients were (26) in the age group 46-55 years with mean age of 44.49 years ±7.01 (S.D.). 28 (56%) were males with a female to male ratio of 1:1.27. 20% patients had complaint of polyuria, 12% presented with polydipsia, 14% of total pre diabetic patients had paresthesia on history. 6% patients had impaired vibration and position sense on clinical examination. Out of total 9 patients having evidence of Peripheral Neuropathy 6 (66.66%) were meeting all three criteria for Prediabetes while 8 (88.88%) had IFG, 7 patients had IGT. 42% of the patients were fulfilling the criteria of metabolic syndrome. 28 had raised TGs and out of them 5 (17.8%) had peripheral neuropathy. Out of 24 obese patients, 4 (16.6%) had peripheral neuropathy. Out of 9 patients with peripheral neuropathy 66.66% patients were considered to be suffering with peripheral neuropathy on the basis of sensory symptoms and 33.33% were considered on the basis of impaired vibration and position sense on examination, one patient diagnosed on the basis of nerve conduction studies. 38% were in high risk group of developing T2DM in future as per Indian diabetes risk score. Mean compound motor action potential (CMAP) and nerve conduction velocity (NCV) were less in patients with peripheral neuropathy in comparison to patients without peripheral neuropathy.Conclusions: Peripheral neuropathy can occur in prediabetes though it is difficult to confirm it. Most common is small fiber neuropathy which can be diagnosed on the basis of history and examination. But by diagnosing it early in the course of prediabetes, morbidity and mortality secondary to neuropathy can be prevented.
A descriptive study on correlates of stress and coping in relation to demographic variables in retirees of Kashmir valley
Authors: Iliyas Ifshana , Dar Shabir Ahmad , Dilawar Tabasum , Rahman Temheeda
Published: March 2018

Background: As age develops in employees, they have to get retirement from job permanently or they have to reach their retirement period. Studies on adjustment at retirement report that one-thirds of adults report significant difficulty during this process. This study was carried out to correlate stress and coping among old age retirees in relation to sociodemographic variables.Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 retirees of district Srinagar between June 2015 and June 2016, using a semi-structured questionnaire. Levels of Stress among elderly retirees and their coping were assessed. Correlates of stress and coping were assessed with respect to different sociodemographic variables.Results: Nearly 40% of cases had moderate level, 03% had severe level, 04% had extremely severe level, and around 35% had no stress. Majority of retired employees 85% either used average level, or used good level of coping with a minority 10% using low level of coping. There was a significant positive correlation between the stress and gender, stress and education and stress and years of experience. However there was statistically no significance between coping and demographic variables.Conclusions: There is a need for organized family and social support to improve the physical and psychological health of elderly.
Effect of a hydrotherapy based alternate compress on osteoarthritis of the knee joint: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: T. Archanah , H. C. Shashikiran , Shetty Prashanth , K. K. Chandrakanth
Published: March 2018

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knees causes pain; swelling and decreases its range of motion in the knee joint. An alternate hot and cold compress gives a circulatory effect without thermic reaction. This treatment induces only a revulsive, non-excitant, and analgesic effect, till date there have been no investigations on the usage of an alternate hot and cold compress as an intervention in individuals with OA of knees.Methods: The control group (n=30) received only routine naturopathy based treatments, whereas the study group received naturopathy based treatments along with an alternate hot and cold compress as an additional intervention for 10 days. Subjects were assessed with Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) as standard questionnaires at baseline and at the end of 10 days.Results: To perform statistical analysis of the collected data we use Kolmogorov-Smirnov goodness of fit test to validate the assumption of normality. We applied Paired sample t – test to test the effectiveness before the treatment and after the treatment in Control group as well in Intervention group. We use independent two sample t-test to test effectiveness of treatment. Results of NRS and KOOS questionnaire are expressed as mean and standard deviation and P value (< 0.05). There was a significant reduction in pain in experimental group compared to control group P value (< 0.05).Conclusions: This study concluded that an alternate hydryatic compress was effective in the management of pain in knee OA.
Laparoscopic retrieval of misplaced copper T
Authors: Gupta Nishi , Chandra Sukriti
Published: March 2018

Intrauterine contraceptive device is important part of family planning services in India. These can be inserted post menstrually, post abortal, post-delivery or in post puerperal period. Associated complications include bleeding, pain, infection, expulsion and most serious complication as perforation of uterine wall and migration to adjacent organs. We present a case of successful laparoscopic retrieval of a misplaced cuT. A 30-year-old female para 2 live 1 presented in SDMH outpatient department with right sided lower abdominal pain since one year. NCCT scan of pelvis showed IUCD in pelvic cavity anteriorly just above urinary bladder. Laparoscopic removal of cuT was done along with tubal recanalization.
Austrália, Brasil e Canadá: impacto das avaliações no ensino de Ciências
Authors: Garcia Paulo Sérgio , Fazio Xavier , Panizzon Debra , Bizzo Nelio
Published: March 2018

A cultura global de testes se expandiu rapidamente nas últimas décadas. Nessas avaliações, as áreas mais comumente testadas são as de Linguagem e Matemática (LM). O foco e as políticas de responsabilização têm trazido consequências para o ensino de Ciências. Neste estudo reúnem-se evidências do Brasil, do Canadá e da Austrália para compreender as implicações dessas políticas para o ensino de Ciências, com base em pesquisas recentemente publicadas. Os resultados mostraram que a cultura dos testes, com ênfase em LM, e as políticas de responsabilização têm gerado o descaso e a negligência com o ensino de Ciências, causado sobretudo pelos sistemas de ensino e pelos gestores escolares, que criam iniciativas, ações e projetos voltados para atingir os resultados e metas em LM.

Palavras-chave: Ensino de Ciência; Testes; Políticas Educacionais; Responsabilização.

 

Australia, Brasil y Canadá: impacto de las evaluaciones en la enseñanza de Ciencias

La cultura global de pruebas se expandió rápidamente en las últimas décadas. En estas evaluaciones, las áreas más comúnmente probadas son las de Lenguaje y Matemáticas (LM). El enfoque y las políticas de responsabilización han provocado consecuencias en la enseñanza de Ciencias. En este estudio se reúnen evidencias de Brasil, Canadá y Australia para comprender las implicaciones de tales políticas para la enseñanza de Ciencias, en base a investigaciones recientemente publicadas. Los resultados mostraron que la cultura de las pruebas, con énfasis en LM, así como las políticas de responsabilización, han generado desatención y negligencia en la enseñanza de Ciencias, sobre todo en función de los sistemas de enseñanza y los gestores escolares, que crean iniciativas, acciones y proyectos que se destinan a alcanzar los resultados y metas en LM.

Palabras clave: Enseñanza de Ciencias; Pruebas; Políticas Educacionales; Responsabilización.

 

Australia, Brazil and Canada: the impact of assessment on Science teaching

The global testing culture has expanded rapidly in recent decades. In these assessments, the most commonly tested areas are those of Language and Mathematics (LM). The focus and accountability policies have brought consequences for the teaching of the sciences. Based on recently published research, the present study gathers evidence collected in Brazil, Canada and Australia in order to understand the implications of these policies for the teaching of the sciences. The results showed that both the culture of testing, with its emphasis on LM, and accountability policies have generated a disregard and neglect of science teaching. This situation is caused mainly by the education systems and the school managers who create initiatives, actions and projects aimed at achieving LM results and targets.

Keywords: Science Teaching; Tests; Educational Policies; Accountability.
Adquisición de la lectura en L1 en programas bilingües de Educación Primaria. Un estudio comparativo
Authors: Nieto-Moreno-de-Diezmas Esther
Published: March 2018

En este trabajo se analiza el efecto de las enseñanzas bilingües tipo AICLE (Aprendizaje Integrado de Contenidos y Lenguas Extranjeras) en el desarrollo de la competencia lectora en lengua materna en estudiantes de 4.º de  Educación Primaria (9-10 años). Para ello se aplicó un test de comprensión lectora y se compararon las puntuaciones obtenidas por los estudiantes que recibieron enseñanzas bilingües (grupo CLIL, n=18 541) y los que cursaron enseñanzas ordinarias (grupo no-CLIL, n=1998). Los resultados globales indican que las enseñanzas bilingües evaluadas en este estudio, a pesar de conllevar una limitación académica de la lengua materna de en torno al 25 % del currículo, no ocasionaron ningún perjuicio a la adquisición de la competencia lectora en la L1, posiblemente debido a la existencia de procesos de transferencia de estrategias entre lenguas. Tampoco se detectaron diferencias entre los dos grupos en la adquisición de los niveles de lectura literal e inferencial, aunque sí que se encontraron diferencias significativas a favor del grupo CLIL en la comprensión de elementos léxicos y a favor del grupo no-CLIL en el nivel de lectura crítica.
Vocabulario y comprensión lectora en escolares chilenos de primer ciclo básico
Authors: Figueroa-Sepúlveda Susana , Gallego-Ortega José-Luis
Published: March 2018

La comprensión lectora involucra diferentes habilidades que la convierten en una actividad cognitiva compleja. El objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer el nivel que los escolares chilenos de primer ciclo de enseñanza básica alcanzaban en vocabulario y comprensión lectora, y analizar la correlación entre ambas variables. Mediante un estudio de diseño descriptivo, correlacional y transversal, fueron evaluados por medio de test estandarizados y validados con población chilena, un total de 206 escolares de 2º y 4º básico. Los niños pertenecían a tres colegios de diferente nivel socioeconómico. Los resultados revelan cuáles son los niveles de desarrollo alcanzados por estos escolares en comprensión lectora y en vocabulario, así como las variables que pueden considerarse explicativas del rendimiento lector. Los datos señalan que el desarrollo léxico, el nivel escolar y el tipo de centro tienen una incidencia significativa en la lectura.
Sistem Perbankan Islam di Indonesia: Sejarah dan Prospek Pengembangan
Authors: Suryani Suryani
Published: March 2018

Islamic banking or sharia banking is a new phenomenon in the modern worldeconomy, its emergence as the intense efforts made by Islamic scholars in the development of Islamic economics in which it will be able to replace theconventional economic system based on the interest to the interest-freesystem. That’s why sharia banking system apply an interest-free system inoperation. Therefore, the closest term to define sharia banking is a bank that operates based on Islamic sharia principles, by reference to the Al-Quran and Sunnah as the basis or the legal and operational basis. Islamic banks were originally developed from the response of some economists and practitioners of Islamic banking that seek to accommodate pressure from various parties who want to make available services of the financial transactions carried out in line with moral values and principles of Islamic sharia. On his journey, sharia-based banking system is increasingly popular not only in Islamic countries but also western countries, characterized by increasingly the number of banks that implement this concept
Nazhir Profesional Kunci Kesuksesan Wakaf Produktif
Authors: Ridwan Murtadho
Published: March 2018

Nazhir in waqf activities does not constitute as one of its principles (rukn). But, in its execution or implementation of asset management, Nazhir has a central role. The development and decrease of waqf assets management depends on Nazhir. Nazhir has a strategic position and function in the management and development of waqf, therefore, the role of Nazhir is really needed anytime and anywhere. However nowadays there are many Nazhir that can not manage waqf well so a problem of consumptive waqf arises. To solve the problem; consumptive waqf should be changed to productive waqf, individual Nazhir should be changed to institutional Nazhir and traditional Nazhir should be changed to professional Nazhir. Actually professional Nazhir has an obligation to manage and maintain the waqf property. Professional Nazhir that recruited must have the ability of Islamic law, waqf law and modern business management. Thus Nazhir will be able to carry out its duties and obligation in managing waqf optimally in accordance with the expectations of Wakif. In conclusion professional Nazhir must have the capability of: human skill, human technical and human relation
Memahami Teks dan Konteks al-Qur’an tentang Komunikasi Bisnis
Authors: Yudiana Fetria Eka
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this article is to construct the principles of businesscommunication which is based the Qur ’an. The author uses deductiveapproach to analyze this topic. The steps are: (1) looking for some verseswhich are relevant, (2) analyzing the text, (3) analyzing the present context,and (4) making some conclusions. Specifically, the Qur’an is not talkingabout the problem of business communication but there are some versesthat are explaining the principles of communication as qaulan balighan,qaulan maisuran, qaulan kariman, qaulan ma’rufan, qaulan layyinan, qaulansaddidan, and qaul al-Zur.Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk mengkonstruksi prinsip-prinsipkomunikasi bisnis berdasarkan al-Qur ’an sehingga dapat disimpulkanbeberapa prinsip yang menjadi landasan dalam melakukan komunikasi bisnis.Analisis yang digunakan dalam penulisan artikel ini adalah dengan menggunakan pendekatan deduktif analisis tematik, dengan sistematika sebagai berikut penulis mencari beberapa ayat yang secara teks relevan, kemudian dianalisis secara teks dan konteks ayat, analisis konteks kekinian dan analisis praksis serta simpulan. Al-Qur’an secara spesifik tidak membicarakan masalah komunikasi bisnis, namun, jika diteliti (ada) banyak ayat yang memberikan gambaran umum prinsip-prinsip komunikasi. Dalam hal ini, penulis akan merujuk kepada tema-tema khusus yang diasumsikan sebagai penjelasan dari prinsip-prinsip komunikasi tersebut. Antara lain, term qaulan balighan, qaulan maisuran, qaulan kariman, qaulan ma’rufan, qaulan layyinan, qaulan sadidan, juga termasuk qaul al-zur, dan lain-lain. Berdasarkan analisis praksis yang sudah dilakukan maka prinsip-prinsip komunikasi bisnis yang dapat diturunkan dari ayat-ayat al Quran adalah sebagai berikut: conciseness, completeness, concreteness, clarity, consideration, courtesy, correctness.
Peran Lembaga Keuangan Syariah dalam Pemberdayaan UMKM di Indonesia
Authors: Muheramtohadi Singgih
Published: March 2018

Syariah Financial Institution means that the financial institution is run based on the Islamic teaching that refers to Qur’an and the Sunnah. Practically, it beganin early history of Islam, then was developed into Syariah Financial Institution. So, the purpose of Syariah Financial Institution is not merely for profit orientation. Further, it should be in accordance with Islamic value and the human philanthropy. Most of Syariah Financial Institution’s financing is for business sector and its ability to reach the micro business, that can’t be done by commercial banks. The financing for small business is funded by Islamic institutions due to Grameen Bank effect. Previously, Grameen Bank was built in mid-decade of 1970. The Financing of Syariah Financial Institution, in any sort, including cooperative union or BMT (Baitul Maal wa Tamwil), increased over time in both Institution Revenue and the Financing Rate. According to Financial Service Authority, most of financing of Syariah Banking is for the Micro, Small, Medium Enterprises that is very important for the nation economy, because it is engaged in the real sector of economy. And the other characters of the Micro, Small, medium enterprises in Indonesia are holding the honesty ethics and resistante to the crisis. They are the strengths of UMKM which must be considered to make the decision by the government or the Financial Institutions.Lembaga Keuangan Syariah (LKS) berarti badan yang bergerak di bidang keuangan yang dilandaskan pada ajaran Islam yang bersumber pada al Qur’an dan As Sunnah. Praktek ini sudah terdapat pada sejarah awal Islam, dan asas moralitas Islam dikembangkan dalam bentuk LKS. Sehingga, tujuan dari LKS tidak semata Profit Oriented, melainkan terdapat unsur-unsur keislaman dan kemanusiaan di dalamnya. Lembaga Keuangan syariah sebagian besar pembiayaannya diperuntukkan kepada sektor usaha, dan punya kemampuan untuk menjangkau usaha mikro, Sesuatu yang jarang dilakukan oleh pihak perbankan konvensional. Pembiayaan kepada UMKM ini tidak lepas juga dari pengaruh Grameen Bank sebelumnya, yang telah berdiri sejak medio 1970-an. Pembiayaan Lembaga Keuangan Syarah, baik dalam wujud Bank, Koperasi Simpan Pinjam maupun BMT mengalami peningkatan dari waktu ke waktu. Baik itu dari segi omzet LKS maupun tingkat pembiayaan nya. Berdasarkan data dari Jasa Otoritas Keuangan sebagian besar dari pembiayaan tersebut disalurkan kepada UMKM. Pembiayaan UMKM sangat penting dalam perekonomian nasional, karena bergerak di sektor riil. Karakteristik UMKM adalah sebagai usaha menengah ke bawah, pada umumnya dikelola dengan etika kejujuran masih dipegang kuat, serta relatif lebih kuat ketika dihadapkan pada krisis. Inilah yang jadi potensi UMKM yang harus diperhatikan dalam mengambil keputusan publik, baik itu oleh Pemerintah maupun Lembaga Keuangan (perbankan).
Gold Pawn Contribution to Fee-based Income
Authors: Masruroh Nikmatul , Aini Qurrotul
Published: March 2018

Gold pawn is one of sharia bank products that may provide additional income to the bank. Additional income can be included in fee-based income. However, in the implementation of the sale of gold pawn, not all sharia banks are lucky and feel its contribution. Bank Syariah Mandiri is a bank that is able to maintain gold pawn as one of its products in contributing income to fee-based income. Therefore, this paper discussed more about what the contribution of gold pawn to fee-basedincome and how the implementation of procedure so that this product can contribute to fee-based income for Bank Mandiri Syariah. These problems were investigated using a qualitative approach. Methods of collecting data used in this study were observation, interview and documentation. The data was analyzed descriptively. The data validity used in this study was triangulation technique.Research findings showed that the gold pawn has a contribution in the form of rental income or produced from ujroh. Ujroh is then entered into fee-based income.The transaction process of gold pawn was done by using covenant of rahn, qardh and ijara or in legal term called hybrid contract. Gadai emas salah satu produk bank Syariah yang bisa memberikan tambahan pendapatan pada bank. Tambahan pendapatan tersebut bisa masuk pada fee based income. Akan teta pi, dalam pelaksanaan penjualan gadai emas, tidak semua bank Syariah beruntung dan merasakan kontribusi dari produk gadai emas. Bank Syariah Mandiri adalah bank yang mampu mempertahankan gadai emas sebagai salah satu produknya dalam menyumbang pendapatan pada fee based income. Oleh karena itu, tulisan ini mengungkap lebih jauh mengenai apa sebenarnya kontribusi gadai emas terhadap fee based income dan bagaimana prosedur pelaksanaannya sehingga produk ini bisa memberikan kontribusi terhadap fee based income bank Syariah Mandiri. Persoalan ini diteliti menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, jenis studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Analisis data yang dilakukan yaitu analisis deskriptif, dengan menggambarkan secara gamblang hasil penelitian dan dianalisis secara menyeluruh.Teknik uji validitas data menggunakan triangulasi sumber. Dari metode tersebut, hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa gadai emas memiliki kontribusi berupa pendapatan sewa atau berasal dari ujroh. Ujroh tersebut yang kemudian masuk menjadi fee based income. Proses pelaksanaan gadai emas dilakukan dengan akad rahn, qardh dan ijarah atau dalam istilah hukum disebut hybridcontract.
TURISMO E DESENVOLVIMENTO NO NORDESTE BRASILEIRO NOS ANOS 2000
Authors: Gonçalves Hugo Feitosa
Published: March 2018

A principal contribuição desse trabalho consiste em relacionar as alocações de recursos públicos com a atividade do turismo e o desenvolvimento da Região Nordeste do Brasil. Baseado em abordagens que discutem o desvio da atenção dos formuladores das políticas públicas regionais, em detrimento da homogeneização da liberdade de escolhas da população, para buscarem algo “abstrato” como é o pregresso econômico, sendo esse um processo excludente aparentemente financiado pela administração pública. O presente estudo tem uma intenção exploratória, baseada em uma revisão bibliográfica com caráter descritivo quali/quantitativo. A discussão literária busca inicialmente fazer um breve levantamento histórico das políticas públicas aplicadas no território nordestino, além de discutir brevemente as concepções sobre o desenvolvimento, fechando a revisão de leitura analisando as políticas do turismo nessa região e sua relação com o desenvolvimento. O trabalho finaliza mostrando que, de acordo com a literatura, o modelo de turismo propagado pelo poder público presente nessa região segue a lógica capitalista, acumulando divisas em poucas mãos, estimulando a heterogeneidade econômica e social intrarregional.
AUDITORIA DE GOVERNANÇA: UM ESTUDO SOBRE A PERCEPÇÃO EXTERNA AO TRIBUNAL DE CONTAS DA UNIÃO
Authors: Barros Celio Da Costa , Viana de Souza Fabia Jaiany , Da Costa Barros Filipe Machado , Monteiro Batista Edimilson , De Barros Câmara Renata Paes
Published: March 2018

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar como a auditoria de governança é visualizada pelo público externo ao TCU. Para tanto, a metodologia constituiu de pesquisas exploratória, bibliográfica e qualitativa. Os resultados revelaram que o perfil dos respondentes da presente pesquisa corresponde a indivíduos do gênero masculino, com etnia branca, que apresentam como maior nível de formação acadêmica a titulação de especialista, estando sua idade situada no intervalo de 31 a 40 anos e que exercem o cargo de auditor com experiência de 3 a 5 anos. Constatou-se, ainda, que 38% dos respondentes do III SEMREG disseram conhecer o conceito de governança, enquanto que essa mesma pergunta foi respondida com esse mesmo entendimento por 61% dos participantes da 43ª FONAI e que dos respondentes entendem que a auditoria de governança absorve os princípios de legalidade, Economicidade, Eficiência, Eficácia e Efetividade, incorporando dessa forma as auditorias de conformidade e a operacional.
QUALIDADE DE VIDA NO TRABALHO EM UMA EMPRESA DE TRANSPORTE DE PASSAGEIROS E FRETAMENTO DO ALTO PARANAÍBA – MG
Authors: Willemann Amanda Cristina , Ferreira Ana Cristina
Published: March 2018

A qualidade de vida no trabalho é um aspecto importante nas organizações e leva em conta além da parte física, questões psicológicas e sociais de cada trabalhador. Este estudo de caso tem como objetivo mensurar e diagnosticar a qualidade de vida no trabalho por meio da percepção dos trabalhadores de uma empresa de transporte de passageiros e fretamento da região do Alto Paranaíba – MG. A proposta foi identificar os principais fatores geradores e influenciadores na qualidade de vida dos funcionários na empresa, além da preocupação em levantar dados que avaliam o grau de satisfação dos colaboradores, buscou-se entender o que pode causar tanto bem estar quanto mal estar no ambiente. Utilizou-se como aporte teórico da pesquisa os temas qualidade de vida no trabalho e impacto no desempenho do trabalhador, o modelo de qualidade de vida sugerido por Walton, fonte e base para os resultados dessa pesquisa, e a evolução histórica da QVT. Como meio de coleta de dados foi usado um roteiro composto por questionário (31 perguntas fechadas) e por entrevista (12 questões). A análise dos dados foi possível com uso da estatística descritiva e análise de conteúdo. Os resultados indicaram satisfação em determinados critérios, como é o caso da Integração social na organização, os critérios Oportunidade de crescimento e segurança e o Trabalho e o espaço total de vida apresentaram menores médias. Dos grupos avaliados os auxiliares de viagem são os que merecem maior atenção em assuntos de QVT da empresa citada.
As Redes Sociais de informação e a influência no comprometimento organizacional afetivo
Authors: Zamberlan Carlos Otávio , Nishi Juliana Mayumi
Published: March 2018

O desenvolvimento econômico e social se faz a partir do acesso à informação e conhecimento e da interação entre as pessoas comprometidas com mesmo ideal.  A finalidade deste estudo de caso é verificar se as redes sociais de informação desenvolvidas pelos associados do Sindicato Rural de Ponta Porã - MS, Brasil, possuem influência no comprometimento organizacional afetivo pela instituição. Para alcançar o objetivo, usou-se método quali-quantitativo para mensurar o comprometimento organizacional afetivo e as redes sociais, sendo que para o primeiro utilizou-se a aplicação de um questionário baseado por Meyer e Allen e o segundo um modelo adaptado do trabalho de Soares (2008)cuja análise foi obtida por meio do Software UCINET 6.0 em paralelo com o NETDRAW. Para a verificação da correlação das redes sociais de informação com o comprometimento organizacional afetivo utilizou-se metodologia quantitativa para criar o instrumento com base em testes MSA e de Alpha de Cronbach. Para verificar a influência das redes no comprometimento fez-se o uso de análises de regressão, teste KMO e de Bartlett´s. Concluiu-se que as variáveis de redes possuem correlação positiva com o comprometimento organizacional afetivo.  A partir de uma análise de regressão múltipla, descobriu-se que somente uma possui influência estatística significativa, o que pode ser atribuído ao tamanho da amostra analisada.