bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Playing Mathematics in Early Childhood Based on Semiotics
Authors: Suryaningrum Christine Wulandari , Misyana Misyana , Jatmikowati Tri Endang
Published: August 2021

Playing mathematics in early childhood based on semiotics gives children the opportunity to identify objects, look for signs and interpret signs so that they can solve problems in games. This study aims to describe semiotic based early childhood mathematics play activities. The research was conducted at the PAUD Lab School, Muhammadiyah University of Jember. The research subjects were 5 children from group B. The results showed that the activities of playing mathematics in early childhood based on semiotics were (1) collecting information related to semiotic-based math games, (2) looking for objects that matched the game and counting the number of objects found, (3) looking for relevant signs and signs. that are relevant to the number of objects found, (4) associated with signs of knowledge that have been previously possessed and look for all signs according to the objects found, (5) the child retells the play that has been done
Pengembangan Media Video Pembelajaran Tematik Anak Usia Dini 5-6 Tahun Berbasis Kearifan Lokal
Authors: Suryana Dadan , Hijriani Aini
Published: August 2021

Masih rendahnya kemampuan pendidik dalam membuat media video pembelajaran yang kreatif dan inovatif mengakibatkan kurangnya stimulasi terhadap perkembangan anak, padahal lingkungan terdekat dengan anak yang berbaur dengan kearifan lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan media video pembelajaran yang Valid, Prakis dan Efektif dalam menstimulasi perkembangan anak. Pengenalan kearifan lokal sejak dini merupakan salah satu upaya dalam melestarikan budaya bangsa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Research and Development (RD) dengan model pengembangan Define (Pendefinisian), Design (Perancangan), Develop (Pengembangan) dan Disseminate (Penyebaran) (4D) Thiagarajan. Hasil uji yang dilakukan ialah uji validitas, praktikalitas dan efektivitas terhadap video pembelajaran. Hasil uji validitas dengan hasil rata-rata 83% pada kategori sangat valid. Hasil uji praktikalitas angket respon Guru untuk video pembelajaran dengan hasil rata-rata 93% pada kategori sangat praktis. Adapun angket respon Orangtua dengan hasil rata-rata 84,71% pada kategori sangat praktis. Selanjutnya hasil uji efektifitas pada video pembelajaran pada kategori sangat efektif
Pengembangan Media Komik untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Kesiapsiagaan Bencana Banjir pada Anak
Authors: Nasrullah Yuliana , Akbar Zarina , Supena Asep
Published: August 2021

Kesiapsiagaan bencana banjir penting dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman anak tentang cara melindungi diri ketika terjadi bencana banjir. Penelitian dan pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan media komik terhadap pemahaman kesiapsiagaan bencana banjir anak usia 7-8 tahun di Kabupaten Sidrap. Metode penelitian menggunakan Research and Development (RD) dengan model pengembangan ADDIE Penelitian ini diawali dengan kelompok uji kecil yang melibatkan 5 orang anak dan kelompok uji besar melibatkan 10 orang. Berdasarkan hasil uji efektivitas thitung sebesar 10,793 dengan nilai signifikansi (2-tailed) sebesar 0,001 sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa nilai 0,001 0,05. Dengan demikian penggunaan media Komik Aku Pintar Siaga Bencana Banjir efektif digunakan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman kesiapsiagaan bencana banjir pada anak usia 7-8 tahun
Kegiatan Montase dalam Meningkatkan Kecerdasan Visual Spasial Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Putri Azlin Atika
Published: August 2021

Studi pendahuluan terhadap subjek penelitian, bahwa sebagian besar anak belum memiliki kemampuan visual spasial yang baik, yang ditunjukkan dari kesulitan-kesulitan anak dalam hal visual spasial pada saat belajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kecerdasan visual spasial anak melalui kegiatan montase. Metodologi penelitian yang dilakukan adalah Action research dengan model Kemmis dan Mc Taggart, melalui dua siklus yang terdiri dari delapan pertemuan pada siklus I dan enam kali pertemuan pada siklus II yang meliputi tahap perencanaan, tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian adalah anak kelompok B TK FKIP UNRI Kota Pekanbaru provinsi Riau. Analisis data menggunakan analisis kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan kecerdasan visual spasial anak melalui kegiatan montase. Rata-rata skor kecerdasan visual spasial pra siklus sebesar 30,06, kemudian mengalami peningkatan menjadi 38,46 pada akhir siklus I dan mengalami peningkatan kembali menjadi 47,53 pada akhir siklus II.
Panduan Mengidentifikasi Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus di Sekolah Inklusi
Authors: Ashari Debby Ashari
Published: August 2021

Guru mengalami kesulitan dalam mengidentifikasi awal anak berkebutuhan khusus yang ada di sekolah inklusi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan panduan identifikasi anak berkebutuhan khusus di sekolah inklusi. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan pendekatan penelitian dan pengembangan. Sampel penelitian ini adalah para guru yang mengajar di lembaga Taman Kanak-kanak yang bertugas di provinsi DKI Jakarta dengan jumlah guru 51 orang. Penelitian ini menghasilkan sebuah produk berupa panduan mengidentifikasi anak berkebutuhan khusus. Kebaruan penelitian ini adalah dihasilkannya panduan yang mengelaborasi model pengembangan Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation dengan model Rowentree yang telah teruji. Dampak dihasilkannya panduan ini adalah adanya tahapan perencanaan, persiapan, serta tahapan penulisan dan penyuntingan yang dapat memudahkan para guru dalam mengidentifikasi anak berkebutuhan khusus di sekolah. Pengembangan produk panduan ini perlu terus dilakukan di lapangan dan dikembangkan agar lebih teruji lagi.
Increasing Community College Graduation Rates: A Synthesis of Findings on the ASAP Model From Six Colleges Across Two States
Authors: Miller Cynthia , Weiss Michael J.
Published: August 2021

This paper presents new estimates of the effects of the City University of New York’s ( CUNY’s) Accelerated Study in Associate Programs ( ASAP) model, evaluated using a randomized controlled trial first in New York and later through a replication in Ohio. It presents longer-term effects of CUNY ASAP in New York, showing that the program’s effect on associate’s degree receipt persisted through 8 years and likely represents a permanent increase in degree receipt. It also presents an analysis from the pooled study samples in New York and Ohio. The findings indicate that the program had consistent effects on degree receipt across the two states but also for somewhat different levels of service contrast, such as the number of additional advising visits.
The brainstem-tentorium angle revisited. Difficulties encountered and possible solutions
Authors: Joigneau Laura , Ruiz Yolanda , Bravo Coral , Bujan Julia , Ortega Miguel A , León-Luis Juan De
Published: August 2021

Background: Fetal posterior fossa fluid collections (PFFC) can range from normal variants to severe anomalies with highly variable neurological prognosis. The diagnosis of these entities is still a challenge for ultrasound as well as for fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The measurements of the brainstem-vermis angle (BV angle) and the brainstem-tentorium angle (BT angle) have been described as helpful in the differential diagnosis of the PFFC. Case: We present a case with posterior fossa abnormalities where the measurement of the BT angle could be difficult due to the anatomy distortion. Conclusion: We propose two alternative ways of measuring the BT angle that could be reliable in all the spectrum of PFFC.
Volatilitas Penerimaan Dan Belanja Pemerintah Daerah Pasca Desentralisasi PBB-P2 Dan BPHTB
Authors: Swasito Adhipradana Prabu
Published: August 2021

Volatilitas penerimaan dan belanja pemerintah daerah berdampak pada kesehatan perekonomian daerah. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk memahami bagaimana fluktuasi berbagai komponen pendapatan daerah mempengaruhi volatilitas belanja. Penelitian ini menginvestigasi hubungan antara fluktuasi pendapatan pajak daerah serta hibah dari pemerintah pusat dengan volatilitas pengeluaran pemerintah provinsi seluruh Indonesia menggunakan uji data panel dalam rentang tahun 2015-2019. Penelitian ini menemukan bukti bahwa ketidakstabilan belanja pemerintah daerah berasosiasi positif dengan volatilitas penerimaan hibah dan berhubungan negatif dengan volatilitas penerimaan pajak daerah. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan atau penurunan penerimaan pajak dan hibah, menyebabkan volatilitas belanja daerah.
Penawaran Harga Pekerjaan Konstruksi Pemerintah di Era Pandemi (Studi Empiris Pada Kementerian Keuangan)
Authors: Johantri Bagas bagas
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji apakah terdapat perbedaan persentase penawaran harga dari pemenang tender pekerjaan konstruksi pada periode sebelum dan selama pandemi. Hal tersebut didasari teori adaptive governance bahwa perubahan kondisi lingkungan akan mengakibatkan perubahan tindakan calon penyedia pada suatu tender. Penelitian menggunakan data sekunder hasil tender pekerjaan konstruksi periode April 2019 sampai dengan Maret 2021 yang diperoleh dari situs resmi Kementerian Keuangan. Pengujian statistik dilakukan dengan uji nonparamaterik menggunakan independent sample t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan persentase harga penawaran pemenang tender yang signifikan antara periode sebelum pandemi dan setelah pandemi baik untuk tender dengan kualifikasi usaha kecil maupun non kecil. Penelitian ini terbatas pada data tender pekerjaan konstruksi di Kementerian Keuangan sehingga tidak dapat digeneralisir untuk seluruh pengadaan barang dan jasa pemerintah. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai temuan awal bagi penelitian selanjutnya terkait pengadaan barang dan jasa pemerintah di masa pandemi. Bagi pembuat komitmen belanja pemerintah dan kelompok kerja pengadaan, penelitian ini dapat digunakan untuk mengantisipasi kemungkinan adanya sisa anggaran belanja akibat rendahnya harga penawaran tender dan penambahan waktu jadwal pengadaan barang jasa pemerintah selama pandemi.
Kata Kunci: Harga Penawaran, Pekerjaan Konstruksi, Pengadaan Barang dan Jasa Pemerintah, Tender.
The Value Relevance of Financial Metrics to Publicly Listed Firms: Evidence from Large-, Mid-, and Small-Cap Firms Listed in NYSE and NSDAQ
Authors: GATAWA GERRY
Published: August 2021

Financial
metrics are used to evaluate the business’ activities and strategies. This
study aims to determine the value relevance of financial metrics by using
cross-sectional data. The sample of the
study includes 300 publicly listed firms in both NYSE and NSDAQ. A correlation
analysis reveals that the firm’s effectiveness is significantly related to
liquidity, solvency, revenue growth, profitability and dividend metrics. The firm’s market value is significantly
related to liquidity, solvency, profitability and dividends. The firm’s stock performance suggests mixed
results wherein change in MPPS is influenced by liquidity, profitability,
dividends and the firm’s effectiveness.
A regression analysis of the firm’s effectiveness found that the
financial metrics are relevant factors to the ROA however they are not relevant
to the ROE. On the firm’s market value, the
12-month sales growth, 12-month EPS, and ROA are relevant to the P/S. In addition, the CR and DE are relevant to
the P/B and the quarterly EPS and expected EPS are relevant to the PEG. Conversely, the financial metrics are not
relevant to the P/E of the firm. On the
firm’s stock performance, the financial metrics are relevant to the changes in MPPS
in different periods. Primarily, the ROA
is relevant to the change in MPPS in periods of 3 months, 6 months, and YTD. In a period of one (1) year, the DY and ROA
are relevant to the change in MPPS. The
findings empirically establish the value relevance of financial metrics and
these give implication to firms and stakeholders.
FARMERS’ MOTIVATION IN MENDONG FARMING
Authors: Suyudi Suyudi , Mamoen H.M. Iskandar
Published: August 2021

Manonjaya subdistrict as a production center for the Mendong plant, a plantation commodity crop as a source of raw material for the tannery, crafts and handy craft industries. This research was conducted to determine the motivation level of Mendong farmers and to analyze the Correlation between physiological needs, security needs, social needs, appreciation needs and self-actualization with the motivation of Mendong farmers. This research was conducted in Manonjaya Subdistrict, Tasikmalaya District. The research method was carried out by surveying the cases of mendong farmers. In this study, it was used to analyze the level of motivation of Mendong farmers. Descriptive analysis using scoring techniques. Furthermore, to determine the Correlation between motivational factors of Mendong farmers, Chi Square analysis with 2 x 2 contingency tables was carried out. The results showed that the motivation level of Mendong farmers in Kamulyan Village, Manonjaya subdistrict, Tasikmalaya district, from the total overall score was in the high category,  867 in number. However, for each farmer's level of motivation, physiological needs, social needs and self-actualization factors are in the high category, while the need for security and the need for appreciation is in the low category. Social needs and self-actualization factors are related to the motivation of mendong farmers, while the factors of physiological needs, security needs and reward needs have no Correlation with the motivation of the mendong farmers.
Commentary: Making pre-school children wear masks is bad public health
Authors: Hughes Robert C , Bhopal Sunil , Tomlinson Mark
Published: August 2021

Children are not small adults. This is a critical point that many pediatricians and other child health professionals get bored of saying, yet it does seem to need repeating. While children have the lowest risk from COVID-19 directly, they risk suffering the indirect impacts of policy decisions, many of which appear to have been made with next to no explicit consideration of their interests. Public health interventions should not only be about infectious disease control, they should consider a broad set of outcomes. In addition, they ought to consider vulnerability, including that in early childhood - a time when young children’s brains are developing rapidly and are most susceptible to adversity. We believe that mandating masking of pre-school children is not in line with public health principles, and needs to be urgently re-considered.
Software Bantu Pembuka Aplikasi Pada Dekstop Berbasis Voice Recognition
Authors: Saleh Akuwan
Published: August 2021

The human desire to make it easier to use a tool in order to increase the effectiveness of work productionbecomes a guide in the world of work. However, physical limitations or physical disabilities, especially thehands, make it difficult for someone to work using these tools. Therefore an assistive software was made tosolve these problems, by utilizing the recognition of natural human characteristics using voice or voicerecognition. Assistive software opening applications on a computer desktop with voice commands which arethen converted into text using processing software with the help of the webscocket and speech-to-text libraryfrom Google and the results are processed to open the desired application by the user. In this paper, anapplication that has been made is able to convert voice to text and can open applications on the desktop sothat it makes it easier for users to operate applications on a computer with a system success rate for speechrecognition reaching 91.5%. The time taken to open the application is 2 to 5 ms.
Untangling Self-Reported Interoceptive Attention and Accuracy: Evidence from the European Portuguese Validation of the Body Perception Questionnaire and the Interoceptive Accuracy Scale
Authors: Campos Carlos , Rocha Nuno Barbosa , Barbosa Fernando
Published: August 2021

Objectives: To explore the factor structure and psychometric properties of the European Portuguese versions of the Interoceptive Accuracy Scale (IAS) and the Body Perception Questionnaire (BPQ) - Body Awareness and Autonomic Reactivity; to examine the association between self-reported interoceptive attention and accuracy (BPQ Body Awareness and IAS, respectively).Method: A community-sample (n=515) completed an online survey comprising the IAS, BPQ, and Toronto Alexithymia Scale. Factor structure analyses followed a comprehensive pipeline (parallel analysis and EFA, to establish the number of factors and item loadings; CFA and ESEM, to compare different factor structures). Additional psychometric analyses included internal consistency and test-retest analyses. Correlational analyses examined the associations between alexithymia, interoceptive attention and accuracy. Polynomial regression and two-lines testing investigated the quadratic association between IAS and BPQ.Results: Parallel-analysis indicated a one-factor solution for BPQ Body Awareness. For IAS and BPQ Autonomic Reactivity, bifactor ESEM models were retained. Ancillary measures revealed that both scales were mainly unidimensional and presented reliable total scores. All scales displayed excellent internal consistency, although test-rest reliability was modest. IAS and BPQ Body Awareness were moderately correlated and further displayed a quadratic U-shaped association. Alexithymia was negatively correlated with IAS and unassociated with BPQ Body Awareness.Conclusions: The European Portuguese IAS and BPQ displayed good psychometric properties and can thus be used within clinical and research settings. These questionnaires were differentially related to alexithymia, suggesting that interoceptive attention and accuracy may be dissociated using self-reports, although future research should further examine their linear vs. quadratic association.
Starting Tests With Easy Versus Difficult Tasks: Effects on Appraisals and Emotions
Authors: Bieleke Maik , Goetz Thomas , Krannich Maike , Roos Anna-Lena , Yanagida Takuya
Published: August 2021

Tests in educational contexts often start with easy tasks assuming that this fosters positive experiences—a sense of control, higher valuing of the test, and more positive and less negative emotions. Although intuitive and widespread, this assumption lacks an empirical basis and a theoretical framework. We conducted a field experiment and randomly assigned 208 students to an easy-to-difficult or a difficult-to-easy condition in a mathematics test. Perceived challenge was measured along with control appraisals, value appraisals, and emotions (enjoyment, pride, anxiety, anger, boredom). While students starting with easy tasks felt less challenged than students starting with difficult tasks in Part 1, no differences emerged regarding control and value appraisals and emotions. In Part 2, students who had started with easy tasks proceeded to difficult tasks and reported higher challenge, lower value and control, and less positive and more negative emotions than students who proceeded from difficult to easy tasks. Control and value appraisals mediated these differences between conditions, especially regarding positive emotions. These results cast doubt on the preference for easy-to-difficult over difficult-to-easy task orders, revealing their potential for causing adverse experiences at the end of the test (e.g., reflecting contrast effects).
Misogyny, Violent Extremism and Interpersonal Violence: Examining the Mediating and Contingent Effects of Revenge Motivation, Hypermasculinity, Collective Narcissism and Group Threats
Authors: Rottweiler Bettina , Clemmow Caitlin , Gill Paul
Published: August 2021

The growing evidence base of risk factors for violent extremism demonstrates overlaps with parallel problem areas like domestic violence, mass murder, and stalking. Yet, empirical research examining the overlap among these domains is limited. The present analysis aims to address the lack of empirical research on the relationship between misogyny, violent extremism, and interpersonal violence by conducting survey-based analyses employing a newly developed and validated psychometric scale to measure misogyny. Based on a UK nationally representative survey (n = 1500), we examine the underlying mechanisms and contingent effects linking misogyny to violent extremism and interpersonal violence. We investigate how misogyny, frustrated narcissistic entitlement, and group threats among men translate into revenge motivation and hypermasculinity and thus, may increase violent extremist intentions and attitudes, as well as justification of and willingness to engage in interpersonal violence. The results show that misogyny predicts violent extremist attitudes and intentions as well as increased support for and willingness to engage in interpersonal violence via revenge planning and hypermasculinity, particularly among men who experience frustrated narcissistic entitlement and greater threats to the ingroup. Among women, misogyny is not associated with violent extremist attitudes or intentions but is associated with increased support for and readiness to use violence. Our findings have important practical implications as we provide evidence which articulates when and for whom misogyny may be a risk factor for violent extremism and interpersonal violence. Establishing the relevance of misogyny as a risk factor for (extremist) violence may provide evidence for more targeted prevention and intervention programs.
When alternative hypotheses shape your beliefs: Context effects in probability judgments
Authors: Cai Xiaohong , Pleskac Timothy Joseph
Published: August 2021

When people are asked to estimate the probability of an event occurring, they sometimes make different subjective probability judgments for different descriptions of the same event. This implies the evidence or support recruited to make subjective probability judgments is based on the descriptions of the events (hypotheses) instead of the events themselves, as captured by Tversky and Koehler's (1994) support theory. However, is the support assigned to a hypothesis invariant, as is often assumed? Here, across three studies where participants were asked to estimate the probability that an event would occur given a set of relevant statistics. We show that the support people recruit about the target hypothesis depends on the other hypotheses under consideration. Results reveal that the presence of a dud---a hypothesis objectively dominated by the target hypothesis---boosts the subjective probability assigned to the target hypothesis, and the presence of a resembler---a hypothesis that is objectively similar to the target hypothesis---detracts more from the subjective probability assigned to the target hypothesis than the competing hypothesis. These context effects invalidate the support invariance assumption in support theory and more generally suggest that a similar process drives the construction of preference may also underlie belief.
The Practice of OTC Dispensing by Community Pharmacist in Nepal
Authors: Shakya Sangita , Sedai Susmita , Shakya Ronas
Published: August 2021

Over the counter (OTC) medications are the group of drugs that can be sold without the prescription of a registered medical practitioner to the consumers.  Pharmacists are the most accessible health care professionals to the patient for the treatment of their minor illness. To provide appropriate advice to the patient at the time of dispensing and over-the-counter (OTC) medication counselling, community pharmacists need access to current and reliable information about medicines. A descriptive study was conducted on fifty pharmacists present in the community pharmacy of Kathmandu and Lalitpur districts. Predesigned validated questionnaire consisting of 16 questions were taken for the collection of data. Qualification of pharmacists, numbers of consumer asking for OTC medication in a week, most commonly dispensed OTC medicines by pharmacists, common symptoms told by consumers and average working hour of community pharmacists were recorded. The approval from the concerned authorities was taken. The study was a community based descriptive study done for 3 months. The data of the study was analyzed by using SPSS version 18. Out of 50 Pharmacists, 27 were males and 23 were females. Most of the study populations were qualified as assistant pharmacy. 82% of Community Pharmacy encountered more than ten consumers in a week. Analgesics and antipyretics, drugs for gastritis, antiprotozoals and antihistamines were the most commonly dispensed drugs by the pharmacies. The most common symptoms enquired by patients/consumers were fever (92%), common cold (90%) and headache (86%) as reported by pharmacists respectively. Average working hours of community pharmacists were 67 hours per week. Few pharmacists knew the meaning of terms related to evidence-based health. Most respondents agreed that pharmacists have the necessary training to prescribe. There is increasing use of OTC medicines in Nepal. The study on community pharmacy practices regarding over the counter medicines can assist in evaluating pattern of use of OTC medicines by consumers thus help to reduce abuse and misuse of such medicines.
Depression, Stress and Anxiety among Residents of Nepal during COVID-19 Lockdown
Authors: Basnet Sandhya , Bhandari Bhawana , Gaire Bipula , Sharma Pujan , Shrestha Rajendra Man
Published: August 2021

Covid-19 illness is a pandemic infectious disease caused by a new coronavirus that originated in Wuhan, China. Nepal being a landlocked underdeveloped country is particularly vulnerable to the pandemic. Similarly, the dread of contracting the coronavirus is making people concerned about a global pandemic. It is vital to determine the impact of viral outbursts on mental health. Hence, this study aims to identify level of depression, stress and anxiety during lockdown among Nepalese residents. Cross-section web-based research design was undertaken at Bagmati province, Gandaki province and Lumbini province with four hundred twenty-two (n=422) (n=422) Nepalese residents by using a multistage proportionate stratified random sampling method. The Dass-21 tool was used to assess level of depression, stress and anxiety. Among 422 respondents only 5.9% had extremely severe level of anxiety, whereas 14.5% were moderately depressed, 77.5% did not have any stress during lockdown. There was statistically significant difference between depression and age (p=0.016), depression and sex (p=0.023). Also, there was a significant difference between stress and age (p=0.023), sex (p=0.0263) and education level (p=0.049).It is concluded that more than two-third of the respondentsere found to be in normal ranges for depression, stress and anxiety. Less than one-fourth of respondents had moderate to severe level of anxiety and depression.
A Comparative Assessment of ACCESS Auditor’s Manual and ISO 9001:2015 Standards in the Perspective of Training on ISO 9001 to Cooperative Staff and Board Members
Authors: Timsina Tatwa P
Published: August 2021

Cooperatives are people-centred enterprises owned, controlled and run by and for their members to realise their common economic, social, and cultural needs and aspirations. For the proper functioning of the cooperative, various tools such as ACCESS are used. ISO 9001 and similar standards are used for the proper management of the particular organisation. Both the approaches follow different sets of criteria to assess the level of organisation, but there are many similarities between them. They have focused on achieving sustainability and prosperity of the organisation by implementing such criteria in the organisation. This article has aimed to reveal such similarities and dissimilarities and proposed the way of implementing them in a holistic way.
Improving Volleyball Game Learning Outcomes Through Cooperative Learning Model
Authors: Hasyim Hasyim , Bachtiar Ishak
Published: August 2021

The purpose of the study was to describe the application of cooperative learning methods in improving student learning outcomes of Physical Education subjects in the volleyball sport in fifth-grade students of SD Inpres Sungguminasa, Gowa Regency. The research approach is a descriptive qualitative approach with Classroom Action Research (CAR) and four Cycle I and Cycle II meetings. It consists of four stages, namely planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The data source for this research is the fifth-grade students of SD Inpres Bercepat Gowa, as many as 24 students consisting of 9 male students and 15 female students. Data collection uses observation, tests, and documentation, while the data analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative analysis technique. The results of the quantitative analysis of learning the game of volleyball showed that out of 24 students, only 13 students with a percentage of 54.17% completed in Cycle I with an average score of 72.96, while of 24 students, only 23 students with a rate of 95.83% achieved in Cycle II with an average score. Average 80.56. So it can be concluded that this research is through a cooperative learning model that can improve volleyball games' learning outcomes
Analysis of Management Functions on Registration of Porda XIII Participants in Bogor District
Authors: Sofiah Siti
Published: August 2021

This research is motivated by the problems in the implementation of Porda Jabar XIII in 2018 held in Bogor Regency. Porda Jabar XIII is a multievent sports competition involving 9,650 athletes and 3,800 officials. Its implementation is greatly influenced by the application of management functions, especially in the registration of participants. The purpose of this study was to analyze management functions in the registration of Porda Jabar XIII participants. The theory that underlies this research relates to sports theory in general, the theory of the implementation of sports competitions, and management theory. The study results indicate that the management function consisting of planning, organizing, actuating, and controlling (POAC) has been applied to the registration of participants.
Disrupting Binarized Diversity Discourses in ASL/English Bimodal Bilingual Deaf Education through Examining Affects withinApple Time, a Theatre Play
Authors: Weber Joanne
Published: August 2021

Des données fondées sur les arts, tirées d’une pièce de théâtre, Apple Time, sont explorées pour remettre en question les discours sur la diversité axés sur la binarité qui dominent l’éducation des personnes sourdes dans une collectivité diasporique d’une petite ville en Saskatchewan. Les professionnels de l’éducation pour les personnes sourdes se rangent généralement dans l’un de deux camps : ceux qui font la promotion du développement de l’anglais parlé par l’utilisation d’implants cochléaires, d’interventions thérapeutiques et de placements dans des environnements exclusivement orientés sur l’apprentissage du langage oral ; et ceux qui font la promotion d’une approche bilingue à deux modes dans le cadre de laquelle les enfants apprennent deux langues : l’anglais et l’American Sign Language (ASL). Actuellement, la plupart des enfants sourds étudient dans des écoles dans leurs communautés natales et sont éduqués surtout dans un environnement de langue orale. Des histoires rédigées et mises en scène par de jeunes sourds sont explorées avec l’objectif de déterminer les affects découlant de leurs intra-actions avec des animaux, la terre et des machines. Par l’intermédiaire de la schématisation des affects qui sont produits par des animaux, la terre et des machines, et qui les produisent, les chercheurs ont mis l’accent sur les intra-actions liées aux discours sur la diversité. Il est aussi question des lignes de fuite dans une optique de perturbation des discours sur la diversité. Les cheminements internes et externes de quatre des huit jeunes artistes sont décrits ; comme nomades sourds, ils concilient les affects découlant d’intra-actions avec des humains, des animaux, la terre et des machines. Puisque les jeunes artistes sourds ont fait appel à leurs expériences personnelles pour créer leurs scènes, l’article montre la façon dont ces histoires peuvent remettre en question les discours sur la diversité liés à l’éducation des enfants et des jeunes sourds, pour venir contribuer à une théorisation plus récente de l’acquisition du langage tel que distribué dans un ensemble.
Endodontic Indications among Patients Visiting a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Kunwar Deepa , Manandhar Archana , Gurung Gita , Khadka Jwolan , Nepal Manisha
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Endodontics is the study of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases or injuries to the dental pulp. The ultimate goal of modern dental care is tooth preservation and root canal therapy/treatment is an available therapeutic strategy to retain teeth. The aim of the study is to find the prevalence of patients visiting a tertiary care center who had endodontic indications.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted over one year from April 15, 2020, to February 15, 2021 at a tertiary care hospital. The ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee of Nobel Medical College (Reference number: 409/2020). Convenience sampling method was used. The patients admitted for alcohol use and related problems in the Psychiatry Department, Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar were included. Data entry was done using Microsoft Excel and statistical analysis was done by using Statistical Packages of Social Sciences Version 16.0. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and percentage.
Results: Out of 1740 patients, 516 (29.66%) (95% Confidence Interval= 21.46% - 27.51%) had endodontic indications. Symptomatic irreversible pulpitis 306 (59.30%) was the most prevalent pulpal disease. Maxillary teeth 300 (58.13%) had more endodontic diseases. While in individual dental elements most affected by endodontic diseases was the mandibular molar teeth 149 (28.87%). Females 348 (67.44%) were predominant for demanding endodontic management than males 168 (32.5%).
Conclusions: More female patients and of younger age group in this study population demanded endodontic treatment. Irreversible pulpitis was responsible for the majority of the cases treated and more affected were the posterior teeth
Drug Prescription in the Department of Medicine of a Tertiary Care Hospital according to the World Health Organization/International Network for Rational Use of Drugs Core Indicators: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Shrestha Jyoti Tara Manandhar , Tiwari Saurabh , Kushwaha Dilip Kumar , Bhattarai Pratigya , Shrestha Ruchi
Published: August 2021

Introduction: To establish appropriate health care services in developing countries, rationalization of drug use holds utmost importance. Drug use patterns can be found out using Core Indicators of the World Health Organisation in collaboration with the International Network of Rational Use of Drugs. With the help of the indicators, this study aimed to find out the way the drugs were prescribed in the Medicine out-patient department of a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted from October 2019 to March 2020 in a tertiary care hospital. The ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee of the Dhulikhel hospital (reference number 198/19). Convenient sampling was done. After taking consent from the patient, data was collected from prescriptions written on the patient's card. The data were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Version 25. Descriptive statistics were applied and the results were expressed as frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation.
Results: A total of 559 prescriptions were analysed, of which a total of 1427 medicines were found to be prescribed with an average number of medicines per the prescription of 2.55±1.388. Drugs prescribed by generic name were 820 (57.5%), antibiotics were 138 (9.7%) and injections were 8 (0.6%). Drugs prescribed from the Essential Drug List of Nepal was 939 (65.8%).
Conclusions: Our study revealed that despite some results being up to the mark, there is a requisite for the proper regulation of prescribing and dispensing drugs in order to promote rationalisation.
„Wpisanie” organów rozstrzygających z zakresu międzynarodowego prawa praw człowieka w system prawa międzynarodowego – rozważania w kontekście humanizacji prawa międzynarodowego i internacjonalizacji praw człowieka
Authors: Cała-Wacinkiewicz Ewelina
Published: August 2021

Celem niniejszego opracowania jest ukazanie, że wpisanie w ogólne prawo międzynarodowe organów rozstrzygających z zakresu międzynarodowego pra­wa praw człowieka jest na tyle silne, iż czyni naukowo koniecznym odrzucenie twierdzeń przemawiających na rzecz pełnej autonomii (niezależności) organów sądowych w prawie międzynarodowym.

Powyższe ustalenie nie stanowi jednak celu samego w sobie. Antycypowane wpisanie organów rozstrzygających z zakresu międzynarodowego prawa praw człowieka w prawo międzynarodowe umożliwi udowodnienie istnienia wpływu (oddziaływania) humanizacji prawa międzynarodowego na międzynarodowy porządek prawny. Zwieńczeniem badań z tego zakresu jest konfirmacja hipotezy badawczej, zgodnie z którą organy rozstrzygające z zakresu międzynarodowe­go prawa praw człowieka przyczyniają się nie tylko do humanizacji prawa mię­dzynarodowego, lecz także do daleko idącej internacjonalizacji praw człowieka. Wprowadzenie owych dwóch kategorii (tj. humanizacji prawa międzynarodo­wego i internacjonalizacji praw człowieka) stanowi novum w dotychczas prowa­dzonych badaniach temu poświęconych, a weryfikacja tak postawionej hipotezy wyznacza zakres konstatacji, realizowanych na podstawie metody analitycznej oraz metody formalno-dogmatycznej.
Kinga Cecylia Stasiak (1981-2019)
Authors: Misztal-Konecka Joanna
Published: August 2021

Artykuł stanowi wspomnienie i prezentację życia i dorobku śp. dr Kingi Sta­siak (1981–2019), przedwcześnie zmarłej znakomitej badaczki prawa między­narodowego publicznego. Ukazuje jej drogę zawodową, związaną z Katolickim Uniwersytetem Lubelskim Jana Pawła II, rozwój zainteresowań badawczych oraz zaangażowanie na rozmaitych polach aktywności naukowej, dydaktycznej i oso­bistej. Zwraca uwagę, że dorobek naukowy K. Stasiak poza monografią Trybunały umiędzynarodowione w systemie międzynarodowego sądownictwa karnego (Lublin 2012) obejmuje czternaście artykułów naukowych opublikowanych w czasopismach naukowych i pracach zbiorowych, pięć tłumaczeń tekstów źródłowych oraz trzy drobne wypowiedzi naukowe, jak też liczne hasła encyklopedyczne.

Artykuł przedstawia główne pola badawczych dociekań K. Stasiak, poczynając od umiędzynarodowionych trybunałów karnych, zakresu ich kompetencji, przebie­gu postępowania oraz znaczenia na arenie międzynarodowej. Jako kolejne obszary badań wskazuje warunki dopuszczalności interwencji humanitarnej, międzynaro­dowe prawo karne, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem norm prawa międzynarodo­wego określających materialnoprawne i proceduralne aspekty odpowiedzialności za zbrodnie wojenne, przeciwko pokojowi i przeciwko ludzkości, zagadnienia we­wnętrznego systemu sprawiedliwości Organizacji Narodów Zjednoczonych, praw człowieka. Podkreśla wysoką kulturę słowa i sposób posługiwania się językiem prawniczym oraz odpowiedzialność za formułowane tezy, udowadniane zarówno przy okazji mniejszych, jak i bardziej rozbudowanych opracowań.

Artykuł akcentuje nadzwyczajne zaangażowanie dydaktyczne dr K. Stasiak, szeroką aktywność konferencyjną i translatorską oraz ofiarną służbę na rzecz ma­cierzystej Uczelni. Nie zapomniano o tym, że była wyjątkowo ciepłą, pracowitą, obowiązkową i wszechstronną osobą, a każdy, kto spotkał ją na swojej drodze, może potwierdzić, że zawsze była chętna do pomocy, podchodziła z szacunkiem i życzliwością do ludzi.
Ustanawianie konstytucji (tryby uchwalania, oktrojowanie i formy)
Authors: Sagan Stanisław
Published: August 2021

Ustanawianie konstytucji zasługuje na wnikliwą analizę prawniczą. Polega na zastosowaniu określonej procedury, która prowadzi do uchwalenia bądź oktrojowania (nadania) ustawy zasadniczej lub innego aktu ustrojowego. Konstytucje tożsamości narodu i jego wartości. Współcześnie kreacja tych najważniejszych aktów ustrojowych odbywa się zarówno poprzez ich uchwalanie w parlamentach i konstytuantach, jak i coraz powszechniej wykorzystywana jest instytucja referendum. Nadal stosowane jest oktrojowanie konstytucji. Większość współczesnych konstytucji ustanawiana jest w formie jednego aktu prawnego, jednakże zdarzają się przypadki konstytucji, na które składa się kilka aktów ustrojowych. Nie zawsze są to akty zawierające normy o najwyższej mocy prawnej.
Wybrane portrety kobiet beatyfikowanych za pontyfikatu papieża Franciszka
Authors: Fiejdasz-Buczek Lidia
Published: August 2021

Papież Franciszek w swoim nauczaniu podkreśla, że powołanie do święto­ści jest powołaniem normalnym. Bardzo mocno akcentuje uświęcanie się w zwy­czajnych okolicznościach codziennego życia, co wyraził w adhortacji apostolskiej Gaudete et exsultate o powszechnym powołaniu do świętości w świecie współ­czesnym. Franciszek pisze w niej o „świętych z sąsiedztwa”, czyli ludziach ży­jących wokół nas, którzy z wielką miłością realizują swoje obowiązki. Zachęca, by czerpać wzory do naśladowania ze świętych i błogosławionych. Wśród nich zwraca szczególną uwagę na „«geniusz kobiecy» przejawiający się w kobiecych stylach świętości, niezbędnych do odzwierciedlenia świętości Boga na tym świe­cie”. Dopełnieniem artykułu jest charakterystyka wybranych portretów niewiast beatyfikowanych z mandatu papieża Franciszka.
The effect of vitamin D deficiency state on oxidized low-density lipoprotein alteration in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Salehi Salome Sadat , Karimpour Sahar , Rabizadeh Soghra , Esteghamati Alireza , Rajab Armin , Salehi Sousan Sadat , Nakhjavani Manouchehr , Mirmiranpour Hossein
Published: August 2021

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and blood glucose in very low and low levels of vitamin D.Methods: A total of 25 type-2 diabetic patients with very low serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (severe deficiency – <10 ng/ml); and 25 type-2 diabetic patients with low serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (deficient – 10 to 30 ng/ml) were recruited in this cross-sectional study. Fasting plasma glucose (FBS), postprandial glucose (PPG), HbA1C, oxLDL, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured. Diagnostic accuracies were determined by receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and measuring the area under the curve (AUC).Results: Patients with severe vitamin D deficiency had higher FBS, PPG, HbA1C, and oxLDL than the vitamin D deficient group (P<0.05). We showed that the AUC of FBS, PPG, HbA1C, and oxLDL were in the range of 0.7-0.9, which indicates moderate accuracies in differentiating severe vitamin D deficiency from deficiency condition.Conclusion: In conclusion, diabetic patients with severe vitamin D deficiency had higher FBS, PPG, and oxLDL levels compared with deficient ones. ROC curve analysis of FBS, PPG, HbA1C, and oxLDL showed these markers are independent predictors of severe vitamin D deficiency and significantly discriminate between very low and low levels of vitamin D deficiency in patients with diabetes. Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Vitamin D deficiency. OxLDL. Fasting blood glucose.
Breast fibroadenomas are less frequent in women with uterine fibroids
Authors: Moini Ashraf , Eslami Bita , Alipour Sadaf
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND: The etiology and incidence of Fibroadenoma (FA) as the most frequent benign breast mass and uterine fibroma (UF) as the most benign gynecological disorders are unknown. OBJECTIVE: Considering the dependency of FA and UF to sex hormones, our objective was to investigate the association of these two neoplasms. METHODS: Among women attending the hospital Gynecology Clinic, those with typical uterine fibroids in their pelvic ultrasound constituted cases and those with no pathology the controls. All participants underwent breast ultrasound for FA. Criteria for diagnosis of FA were a typical image for lumps <2 cm in women aged <40 and <1 cm in ages ≥ 40, and a histologic diagnosis for all other participants or larger lumps. RESULTS: The mean age of cases and controls was 42.4 and 41.7 years, respectively. FA were detected in 140 (23%) of all participants; 19.7% of the cases, and 26.2% of the controls (p = 0.07). FA and UF had a borderline reverse association (OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.46–1.02, p = 0.07). CONCLUSION: The incidence of FA is lower in patients with UF. Further studies are needed to find the selective effects of estrogen and progesterone on hormonal receptors of these two tumors.
Flower growth status recognition method based on feature fusion convolutional neural network
Authors: Liu Haiming , Guan Shixuan , Lu Weizhong , Li Haiou , Wu Hongjie
Published: August 2021

The growth state of flowers is affected by many factors such as temperature, humidity, and light. Therefore, the maintenance of flowers often requires more professional knowledge. Ordinary people are often at a loss when face with various flower representations and do not know where the problem is. In response to the above problems, this article proposes the use of deep learning to identify the growth status of flowers to assist people in successfully raising flowers. In this article, we propose that the mainstream convolutional neural network has the limitation of only inputting images. In terms of network input, data of the current growth environment of flowers will also be input to supplement the input data of the network. In view of the lack of information interaction in the network, in terms of network structure, the shallow and deep characteristics of the network are integrated to make the network performance more advantageous. Experiments show that this method can effectively improve the recognition rate of flower growth status, so as to correctly distinguish the current growth status of flowers.
A large quantity of steel balls automatic precise counting device based on dual sensor auto-correcting method
Authors: Zou Huadong , Li Shengming , Jia Ruiqing , Li Zuming
Published: August 2021

A large quantity of Steel Balls Automatic precise Counting device is introduced in this paper. Inductance sensors are used for ball detection and STC15F2K60S2 microprocessor is used to do the signal processing. When steel balls are sent to the PVC pipe at the same time, some balls will connect together because of the collision. The sensor will send a connected signal instead of multiple signals if it meets the connected balls. This could cause counting mistake of the device. A correction method is used to solve this problem. The device setup angle could be gotten by using dual sensors to get the average moving speed of the steel balls according to the fixed relations between the setup angle and the speed, which is not affected by whether the steel balls overlap or not because it used two voltage Jump edge to judge the start and end moment of timer. After that, the device setup angle is used to get the standard moving time to single sensor according to the known function relationship. The counting numbers are corrected by using the standard duration to compare with each recording low voltage duration passing single sensor. This method solves the counting mistake problem when a lot of steel balls are pushed into the PVC pipe together. The device improves the efficiency and accuracy of the ball counting.