bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in the Australian general practice population: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Busingye Doreen , Pollack Allan , Chidwick Kendal
Published: May 2021

The burden of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Australia is increasing but national data about the current prevalence are limited. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of IBD (including Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis and unspecified IBD) as well as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis separately in a general practice population in Australia. We also assessed risk factors associated with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from MedicineInsight, a national database of general practice electronic health records, from 1 July 2017 to 30 June 2019. The prevalence of IBD was calculated and stratified by sociodemographic characteristics. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess risk factors associated with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. The study comprised 2,428,461 regular patients from 481 practices. The estimated crude prevalence of IBD was 653 per 100,000 patients; Crohn’s disease was 306 per 100,000 and ulcerative colitis was 334 per 100,000. Males were independently associated with a lower risk of Crohn’s disease (OR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.81, 0.90) but a greater risk of ulcerative colitis (OR: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.17) than females. Compared to non-smokers, patients who were current smokers were associated with a greater risk of Crohn’s disease (OR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.23) but a lower risk of ulcerative colitis (OR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.47, 0.57). Other factors positively associated with both Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis were age (≥ 25 years), non-Indigenous status and socioeconomic advantage. Our findings provide a current estimate of the prevalence of IBD, Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis in a large national general practice population in Australia and an assessment of the factors associated with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. These data can assist in estimating the health burden and costs, and planning for health services.
Molecular dynamics analysis of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine against specific SARS-CoV-2’s pathogenicity factors
Authors: Baysal Ömür , Abdul Ghafoor Naeem , Silme Ragıp Soner , Ignatov Alexander N. , Kniazeva Volha
Published: May 2021

The causative agent of the pandemic identified as SARS-CoV-2 leads to a severe respiratory illness similar to SARS and MERS with fever, cough, and shortness of breath symptoms and severe cases that can often be fatal. In our study, we report our findings based on molecular docking analysis which could be the new effective way for controlling the SARS-CoV-2 virus and additionally, another manipulative possibilities involving the mimicking of immune system as occurred during the bacterial cell recognition system. For this purpose, we performed molecular docking using computational biology techniques on several SARS-CoV-2 proteins that are responsible for its pathogenicity against N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. A similar molecular dynamics analysis has been carried out on both SARS-CoV-2 and anti-Staphylococcus aureusneutralizing antibodies to establish the potential of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine which likely induces the immune response against the virus. The results of molecular dynamic analysis have confirmed that SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain (PDB: 6M0J), RNA-binding domain of nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (PDB: 6WKP), refusion SARS-CoV-2 S ectodomain trimer (PDB: 6X79), and main protease 3clpro at room temperature (PDB: 7JVZ) could bind with N-acetyl-D-glucosamine that these proteins play an important role in SARS-CoV-2’s infection and evade the immune system. Moreover, our molecular docking analysis has supported a strong protein-ligand interaction of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine with these selected proteins. Furthermore, computational analysis against the D614G mutant of the virus has shown that N-acetyl-D-glucosamine affinity and its binding potential were not affected by the mutations occurring in the virus’ receptor binding domain. The analysis on the affinity of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine towards human antibodies has shown that it could potentially bind to both SARS-CoV-2 proteins and antibodies based on our predictive modelling work. Our results confirmed that N-acetyl-D-glucosamine holds the potential to inhibit several SARS-CoV-2 proteins as well as induce an immune response against the virus in the host.
Ventriloquism and translation: The translator’s voice in Caribbean literature
Authors: Ekberg Laura
Published: May 2021

This article explores the concepts of voice and ventriloquism in translation through examining Finnish translations of Anglophone Caribbean novels. Four novels and their Finnish translations are discussed with focus on the translation of proverbs and references to Caribbean oral tradition. The translator’s own voice and the voices of other agents participating in the translation process become manifest both in the translation itself and in contextual materials related to the translation. The literary translator can be seen to act as the mouthpiece for a multitude of agents in addition to the author of the original work. The concept of ventriloquism can help shed light on the complex ways in which different voices can interact within the translation process and the ways in which translators must make choices on which voices to give precedence in the translated text.
Sterben und Ehrenamt
Authors: Pierburg Melanie
Published: May 2021

Sterben ist ein Phänomen, das keinem Gesellschaftsmitglied erspart bleibt. Oftmals zeigt es sich in der Gegenwart in Form eines langen, konfrontativen Verlaufs. Wird seine Bewältigung zum Problem, bieten Hospizvereine Sterbebegleitungen an. Diese ehrenamtliche Tätigkeit wird in Vorbereitungskursen zum Gegenstand von Bildungspraktiken. Wie wird das Begleiten vermittelt, welche Bedeutungen erhält das Sterben und welcher gesellschaftliche Umgang mit der Endlichkeit wird dabei sichtbar? Diese ethnographische Studie widmet sich einem sozialen Bereich, der explizit macht, was in verwandten Feldern implizit bleibt.
Lebenswelten jenseits der Parallelgesellschaft
Authors: Frenzel Severin
Published: May 2021

Das Ruhrgebiet und die Region Brüssel-Hauptstadt sind durch Migration entstandene kosmopolitische Ballungszentren, in denen Integrationsprozesse besondere Bedeutung haben. Severin Frenzel hat acht Integrationskursteilnehmende aus diesen Regionen zu ihrem herausfordernden Alltag zwischen Integrationspflicht und Zukunftsoffenheit befragt. Zusätzlich zur Reflexion ihrer Lernprozesse und des Kursgeschehens berichten sie von ihren Zielen und Träumen und davon, was sie selbst unter Integration verstehen. Dabei widersprechen sie klassischen Deutungsmustern von Kulturkonflikt und Parallelgesellschaft, sodass die Analyse ihrer Erzählungen lesenswerte neue Sichtweisen auf Integration und Integrationskurse sowie auf Sprache, Bildung und Urbanität bietet.
Multi mode Resonator based Concurrent Triple band Band pass Filter with Six Transmission Zeros for Defence Intelligent Transportation Systems Application
Authors: Tripathi Shivesh , Mohapatra B. , Tiwari Prabhaker , Tripathi V.S.
Published: May 2021

A compact and highly selective triple-band bandpass filter (BPF) is designed and presented in this paper. Proposed ﬁlter offers low insertion loss, and passband characteristics is achieved by using two coupled MMR multi-mode resonators (MMR1 and MMR2) and an inverted T and circular shape MMRs. The filter operates at frequency 2.43 GHz (Vehicular Communication), 5.91 GHz (ITS band), and 8.86 GHz (satellite communication band). The simulation and measurement results show a minimum insertion loss of 1.6 dB, 0.73 dB, and 2.8 dB for triple-band BPF. The return loss is found to be greater than 13.06 dB, 28.6 dB, and 21.55 dB. It is noted that measurement results are in accordance with the result of electromagnetic simulation. Desired triple-band multi-mode resonators (MMRs) filter characteristics are achieved with six transmission zeroes (TZs). The filter comprises of MMRs which provide small size and control over the spurious frequency. By using a parallel-coupled microstrip line, the first and third passbands are realised. Whereas by using an end-coupled microstrip line, the second passband is recognised. At the input and output ports, the resonator coupling technique is used. By using the anti-parallel microstrip line arrangement, the transmission zero is acquired. The dimensions of the designed filter are 25×16 mm 2.
Multipaction Susceptibility Margins in Space Travelling wave Tubes
Authors: Chanakya Talur , Manker N. K. , Naidu V. B. , Datta S. K.
Published: May 2021

Study of multipaction breakdown margins in the output connector of a travelling-wave tube (TWT) is essential for application in satellite-borne systems. A TWT uses a coaxial ceramic window, a coaxial output coupler and / or a waveguide output coupler that are prone to multipaction breakdown boosted by high RF power due to the ion accumulation in critical regions during the transition of the satellite through plasma pockets in space. A detailed procedure for estimating the multipaction susceptibility margins in a TWT using CST studio and analytical equations is presented in this paper, and output couplers of two typical TWTs are analysed and the results are presented.
Оценка общественного мнения о соблюдении антиотмывочного законодательства в России
Authors: Танющева Наталия Юрьевна , Куницына Наталья Николаевна
Published: May 2021

Соблюдение законодательства в целом и Федерального закона «О противодействии легализации (отмыванию) доходов, полученных преступным путем, и финансированию терроризма» (ПОД/ФТ) в частности — гражданская обязанность населения и должностных лиц. Вместе с тем информация о его нарушениях довольно часто транслируется в средствах массовой информации и на интернет-ресурсах. В этой связи авторы преследовали цель изучить ценностные установки специалистов по отношению к закону о ПОД/ФТ, а также оценить эффективность надзорно-контрольной деятельности по его соблюдению путем социологического опроса. Состав участников сформирован методом многоступенчатой выборки. Результаты анкетирования обработаны с помощью адаптированной методики Table of Eleven (T11), основанной на концепции рационального выбора, теории обоснованных действий и нормативной теории права.
Исследование факторов, влияющих на соблюдение антиотмывочного закона, осуществлено посредством обобщения и анализа мнений специальных должностных лиц (СДЛ) коммерческих банков, специалистов в области ПОД/ФТ Центрального банка РФ, сотрудников подразделений по борьбе с экономической и организованной преступностью правоохранительных органов. Результаты исследования свидетельствуют, что государственная антиотмывочная политика находит отклик у СДЛ, сам закон понятен исполнителям, однако организация контроля над банками, реализация санкций по отношению к нарушителям и безучастность населения и бизнес-сообщества в информационном взаимодействии с контролирующими органами не способствуют полноценному соблюдению положений антиотмывочного законодательства. Существенному улучшению среды реализации закона призваны способствовать меры по развитию общей солидарности в обществе и расширению программ финансовой грамотности среди предпринимателей.
Благодарность. Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научного проекта № 20-010-00243.
Design of a modular exhibition structure with additive manufacturing of eco-sustainable materials
Authors: Invernizzi Stefano , Bertetto Amedeo Manuello , Ciaccio Federico , Nicola Paolo
Published: May 2021

In this paper the mechanical characteristics of an innovative bioplastic material, the HBP® -HempBioPlastic® filament, is investigated. HBP® was recently patented by an Italian company Kanésis that focused its activity on nature-derived materials. The filaments are the upshot of an original process allowing to reuse the surplus of the agricultural supply chains and transform it into new sustainable materials. At first, the 3D printed HBP® samples were tested in tensile tests according to the ASTMD638 standard and monitored in term of deformations by the Digital Image Correlation techniques (DIC) in order to evaluate the stress-strain behavior of different HBP® textures under loading. In addition, using the HBP® and the results coming from the experimental campaign, the design of an exhibition pavilion was proposed. The pavilion was modelled starting from the geometric construction of the fullerene. The supporting modular structure is combined by HBP® modular elements, that can be produced by 3D printing or moulding. Finally, in order to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed pavilion, a linear finite element analysis is presented on the base of the experimentally determined mechanical properties of HBP® elements, under the effects of wind and seismic environmental actions.
Form-finding of pierced vaults and digital fabrication of scaled prototype
Authors: Bertetto Amedeo Manuello , Riberi Federico
Published: May 2021

The new serious consideration to masonry and non-metallic structures evidenced their direct prospective to be, even in the present days, advanced architectural and engineering solutions. In the present paper, a form finding for a cement based tessellated pierced vault is studied. The multi-body rope approach (MRA) was used to define compression-only vault optimal shapes. Successively, the thrust network analysis (TNA) was implemented by Rhino-vault for a further validation of the shape and the definition of different tessellation meshes of the surfaces, according to different hole pattern configuration. Different piercing percentage of the vaults were considered and compared for the best solution identification. In addition, the geometrical solutions were analyzed by means of global stability analysis, taking into account the different positions of the holes. Furthermore, 3D printing with a Fuse Deposition Modeling (FDM) technique in polylactide (PLA) material (completely eco-friendly) is used for the construction of the formworks of the cement based blocks (dowels) useful for the assembly of a vault scaled prototype. The prototype of the vault, characterized by a certain piercing percentage was subjected to different loading conditions and monitored by a non-contact device based on the Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technique. The 3D-DIC was performed to recognize the structural behavior during the loading process of the model (prototype). DIC measurements were used to recognize in advance the critical condition of the vault under loading and the displacement measurements were correlated to the different loading phases up to the collapse condition.
Basics of teaching electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of electrolytes for ion-rechargeable batteries – part 2: dielectric response of (non-) polymer electrolytes
Authors: Abdul Halim Suhaila Idayu , Chan Chin Han , Apotheker Jan
Published: May 2021

In the Part 2 of this article, we present the phenomenological response of the dielectric relaxation for polymer electrolytes monitored by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in terms of electrochemical point of view, such as impedance (Z*), permittivity (ε*), loss tangent (tan δ), modulus (M*) and conductivity (σ*) spectra. It is noteworthy to note that all the electrochemical aspects mentioned are of interest for conduction and seen as closely related to each other indirectly or directly. Two different systems; solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) [poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) + lithium perchlorate (LiClO4)] and non-SPE [poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA) + LiClO4] were employed for discussion. EIS is a powerful technique to characterize the electrical properties of polymer electrolytes. The results suggest that impedance and modulus are of interest for decoupling of dielectric and electric properties by evaluating the short-range and long-range mobility of the charged entities, respectively. One is able to identify the conduction mechanism of the polymer electrolytes easily if the responses are well understood. The objective of this article to introduce a simplified yet an insightful background and technique that is easy to be followed and useful for educational purposes especially for beginners or young researchers for both undergraduates and postgraduates.
Analysis of environmental factors for production of green raisins in Liang-fang
Authors: Xie Hui , Zhang Wen , Han Shouan , Wang Min , Qin Liuwei , Aiermaike Caikasimu , Guo Xinbo , Bai Shijian , Wu Guohong , Zhao Ronghua , Li Jiang , Pan Mingqi
Published: May 2021

The commercial value of green raisins produced by the shade-air drying in Liang-fang was 2–3 times as high as that of yellow-brown raisins. This study systematically evaluated the effect of the temperature, humidity, and light of sun drying and shade-air drying on raisins. The sugar, acids, texture and color parament of raisins were compared with different drying conditions. The results indicated that shade-air drying can offer a dark and conducive light environment with the maximum temperature below 40 °C, and a lower humidity by segregating rainwater during the day as well. Then, the contents of acids of raisins in sun drying were lower compared with the shade-air drying and had a lower hardness and a* values of raisins. In summary, low light and ultraviolet intensity, suitable temperature and appropriate humidity environments were the basal and key factors for the formation of the green raisins. The present study not only revealed the crucial factors during shade-air drying in Liang-fang in Turpan, but also provided a scientific basis for improving the Liang-fang conditions and producing green raisins in other regions.
On The Contribution of Interest Expense (Income) on Total Output
Authors: Nizam Ahmed Mehedi
Published: May 2021

A decrease in interest rate in traditional view of monetary policy transmission is linked to a lower cost of borrowing which eventually results into a greater spending in investment and a bigger GDP. However, a decrease in interest rate is also linked to a decrease in interest income which, in turn, affects the aggregate demand and total GDP. So far, no concerted effort has been made to investigate this positive inter-relation between interest income and GDP in the existing literature. Here in the first place we intuitively describe the inter-relation between interest income and output and then provide a micro-foundation of our intuitive reasoning in the context of a small endowment economy with finitely-lived identical households. Then we try to uncover the impact of nominal interest income on the macroeconomy using multiplier theory for a panel of some 04 (four) OECD countries. We define and calculate the corresponding multiplier values algebraically and then we empirically measure them using impulse response analysis under structural panel VAR framework. Large, consistent and positive values of the cumulative multipliers indicate a stable positive relationship between nominal interest income and output. Moreover, variance decomposition of GDP shows that a significant portion of the variance in GDP is attributed to interest income under VAR/VECM framework. Finally, we have shown how and where our analysis fits into the existing body of knowledge.
Optimization for drilling process of metal-composite aeronautical structures
Authors: Devitte Cristiano , Souza Gabriel S. C. , Souza André J. , Tita Volnei
Published: May 2021

Metal-composite laminates and joints are applied in aircraft manufacturing and maintenance (repairing) using aluminum alloys (AA) and glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP). In these applications, drilling has a prominent place due to its vast application in aeronautical structures’ mechanical joints. Thus, this study presents the influence of uncoated carbide drills (85C, 86C, H10N), cutting speeds (v
c = 20, 40, and 60 m min−1), and feed rates (f = 0.05, 0.15, and 0.25 mm rev−1) on delamination factor, thrust force (

F

t

{F}_{\text{t}}

), and burr formation in dry drilling metal-composite laminates and joints (AA2024/GFRP/AA2024). Experiments were performed, analyzed, and optimized using the Box–Behnken statistical design. Microscopic digital images for delamination evaluation, piezoelectric dynamometer for thrust force acquisition, and burr analysis were considered. The major finding was that the thrust force during drilling depends significantly on the feed rate. Another significant factor was the influence of the drill type (combined or not with feed rate). In fact, it was verified that the feed rate and the drill type were the most significant parameters on the delamination factor, while the feed rate was the most relevant on thrust force. The cutting speed did not affect significantly thrust force and delamination factor at exit

(

F

da

S

)

\hspace{.25em}({F}_{{\text{da}}_{\text{S}}})

. However, the combination f × v
c was significant in delamination factor at entrance

 
(

F

da

E

)

\text{ }({F}_{{\text{da}}_{\text{E}}})

. Based on the optimized input parameters, they presented lower values for delamination factors (

F

da

E

=
1.18

{F}_{{\text{da}}_{\text{E}}}=1.18

and

F

da

S

=

1.33

{F}_{{\text{da}}_{\text{S}}}=\hspace{.25em}1.33

) and thrust force (

F

t

=
67.3

N

{F}_{\text{t}}=67.3\hspace{.5em}\text{N}

). These values were obtained by drilling the metal-composite laminates with 85C-tool, 0.05 mm rev−1 feed rate, and 20 m min−1 cutting speed. However, the burrs at the hole output of AA2024 were considered unsatisfactory for this specific condition, which implies additional investigation.
Affect Theory in the Throat of Laughter
Authors: Hennefeld Maggie
Published: May 2021

Is Laughter an affect? And what would it mean for feminist theory to conceive of it as such? This article pursues laughter as an affect that bridges the gap between feminist comedy studies and feminist affect theory. Laughter has widely missed the mark of feminist theory’s sourcing of collective activist potential and intellectual invigoration in the exploration of affect. Likewise, affect has not been a central concern for humor scholars. But what about those feminist laughing affects that do not assume their own affirmative value or knowable effects? They provoke disproportionate, off-cue, and unstable instances of laughter wherein nervous excess consumes the laughing subject and threatens to transform into something else entirely. The feminist killjoy, the laughing hysteric, and the humorless capitalist all choke on their laughs, though each in different ways. Their unrealized laughter, this article argues, opens the floodgates for its transmutation into a new collective body politics.
Europe in Georgia’s Identity Discourse
Authors: Minesashvili Salome
Published: May 2021

Georgia’s European identity, often regarded as the basis of its pro-Western foreign policy, has been contested in the domestic arena by alternative agendas. While government changes are usually deemed instigators of change in this contestation, no systematic analysis has been conducted on the effect of external developments. Considering that Georgia’s relations with the West and Russia have been evolving and that the debates on European identity inherently relate to foreign policy, this article asks to what extent and how contestation within the European identity discourse changes in response to different external events. To elucidate these questions, the study unpacks European identity discourse in Georgia between 2012 and 2017 in the context of various ongoing foreign policy developments. These include developments in Georgia–European Union (EU) and Georgia–Russia relations, the war in Ukraine, and internal issues of the EU. Moreover, instead of common pro- and anti-European binary positions, identity discourse is analyzed as a combination of three identity categories via media in which each category constructs different degrees of difference with Europe. This article finds that advocates of each category interpret different foreign policy developments to reinforce, rather than challenge, their positions; thus, contestation and division in the discourse persist over time.
Preparation of microspheres and microfiber membranes from liquefaction products of Salix holocellulose by electrospinning
Authors: Jin Liping , Pan Yanfei , Surigala  , Yin Dingwen , Hu Shuaiqi , Yu Haibiao , Wang Zhaoqi , Huang Jintian
Published: May 2021

Salix holocellulose liquefaction products (SHLP) were prepared by liquefaction of the wood. A spinning solution of polyurethane (PU) and SHLP was prepared, and microspheres were obtained by electrospinning. The bonding of SHLP and PU-SHLP was characterized via FTIR. The conductivity and viscosity of spinning solution were characterized by conductivity meter and viscosity meter, respectively. The electrospun fiber morphologies were characterized by SEM. The results showed that PU was introduced into SHLP. The concentration of solution was the main factor that affected the morphology of microspheres, and the diameters of microspheres was from 0.18 to 1.18 μm. In addition, in this electrospinning system, the concentration of liquefied products in the mixed spinning solution was the major factor that affected the morphology of microfibers, and the diameters of microfibers were from 0.29 to 1.78 μm.
ВИКЛИКИ І РИЗИКИ ЦИФРОВОЇ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ: СВІТОВИЙ ТА УКРАЇНСЬКИЙ КОНТЕКСТИ
Authors: СІДЕНКО Володимир
Published: May 2021

Ризики цифровізації економіки є зворотним боком процесу створення цифровими технологіями нових комерційних і комунікаційних можливостей для особистості та суспільства в цілому. Вони зумовлені амбівалентним характером цифрових технологій, їх у цілому нейтральним характером відносно норм суспільної моралі.Серед ризиків, пов’язаних з цифровими технологіями, сьогодні першочергову увагу приділено питанням кібербезпеки, які слід вважати екзогенними (по відношенню до змісту цифрових технологій) ризиками. При цьому значно менше уваги концентрується на ендогенних технологічно зумовлених ризиках цифрової трансформації: підвищенні інформаційної незахищеності особистості, інтенсифікації інформаційного шуму та зростанні непродуктивних втрат часу, значному розширенні можливостей маніпулювання свідомістю людини та поведінкою споживачів, ризику спотворення модусів мислення та руйнування національних культур, можливому посиленні негативних екологічних наслідків, насамперед через значну енергомісткість цифровізації.Економічні та соціальні ефекти цифрових технологій великою мірою зумовлюються станом формального і неформального інституційного середовища країни. За умов наявності інституційних деформацій та високого рівня злочинності політика форсованого і незбалансованого впровадження цифрових технологій може породжувати негативні соціальні ефекти, включаючи зростання новітніх форм криміналізації економічної діяльності, посилення контролю над поведінкою людей та громадськими об’єднаннями. Політика поширення новітніх цифрових технологій має бути в інституційно проблемних країнах обережною, збалансованою й міцно пов’язаною з паралельним поліпшенням у структурі та механізмах функціонування суспільних інститутів.Необхідним є створення єдиної постійно діючої платформи (мережі) для широких суспільних дискусій з питань цифровізації економіки і суспільства та її наслідків для людини і суспільства.
ЕКОНОМІКА РЕГІОНІВ В УМОВАХ КОРОНАКРИЗИ: ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ РОЗВИТКУ ТА ЇХ ВПЛИВ НА ПОДАТКОВІ ДОХОДИ МІСЦЕВИХ БЮДЖЕТІВ
Authors: СТОРОНЯНСЬКА Ірина , БЕНОВСЬКА Лілія
Published: May 2021

Останній рік економіка України функціонує в умовах економічної турбулентності, зумовленої епідемією COVID-19. Це супроводжується посиленням нерівномірності розвитку регіонів, яку спричинено, поряд з макроекономічними обмеженнями, й особливостями поведінки органів управління, бізнесу та населення. Оцінено тенденції економічного розвитку регіонів України в умовах коронакризи та їх вплив на формування податкових доходів місцевих бюджетів за допомогою таких методів, як: абстрактно-логічний, порівняльний аналіз, графічна візуалізація, статистичний.Аналіз тенденцій економічного розвитку регіонів України в умовах коронакризи та їх впливу на формування податкових доходів місцевих бюджетів дозволяє стверджувати, що економічний, соціальний та фіскальний впливи кризи COVID-19 є територіально диференційованими. Водночас розвиток регіонів під час дії карантинних обмежень відбувався залежно від поведінкових та інституційних чинників, що зумовили прийняття низки ірраціональних рішень суб’єктами фінансово-економічних відносин на різних рівнях управління. Незважаючи на зупинення діяльності ряду підприємств і зниження доходів від підприємницької діяльності, у 2020 р. податкові доходи місцевих бюджетів зростали. Утім це супроводжувалося зниженням обсягів міжбюджетних трансфертів і збільшенням видатків на стримування поширення пандемії. Окреслені ефекти зниження економічної активності бізнесу, споживчих видатків населення – поряд з падінням обсягів інвестування – можна вважати відкладеним ефектом згортання економічного зростання вже в короткостроковому періоді.Одним з першочергових кроків подолання негативних тенденцій має стати інтенсивне нарощування публічних інвестицій, які передбачають спільне фінансування проєктів за рахунок бюджетних коштів і ресурсів бізнесу, налагодження взаємодії між державним, регіональним і локальним рівнями управління.
TRANSFORMATION OF LOBBYING INSTRUMENTS FOR ECONOMIC STAKEHOLDERS IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
Authors: SOKUR Stanislav
Published: May 2021

The article examines current developments of lobbying institutionalization on the state level in European countries from 2014 to 2021, in particular, the definitions of lobbying and lobbyists, their goals, the availability of lobbying registers and the available ways for lobbying by economic stakeholders. Recent legislation on lobbying of Belgium, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Lithuania and the United Kingdom is analyzed. The dynamics of the adoption of laws on lobbying in European countries in recent years is demonstrated, given the specifics of the legal regimes of these countries. The article also shows examples of lobbying by economic stakeholders and lobbyists' reporting in accordance with the current legislation of the countries concerned. It has been proven that today the field of lobbying is on the rise, since in the last seven years eight countries in Europe have adopted laws regulating lobbying. Thus, the total growth of countries adopted lobbying regulation by European OECD member-states for the period of last 7 years constituted 67% of overall lobbying regulation by OECD member-states for the previous 75 years. These impressive numbers are expected to increase in the coming years, and it is very important that such lobbying rules to be adopted in accordance with international standards for lobbying regulation.The article also shows practical cases of lobbying and demonstrates that the range of lobbying targets in the modern world is incredibly wide. International organizations such as the United Nations, the Red Cross, Doctors Without Borders, etc. influences transparently policy-making in European countries. Regulation of lobbying legislation allows to influence decision-making to both non-governmental organizations and representatives of the private sector. Thus, there is an articulation and aggregation of interests in societies, which improves the quality of decisions made by public authorities.
Pharmacologic Treatment in Functional Abdominal Pain Disorders in Children: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rexwinkel Robyn , de Bruijn Clara M. A. , Gordon Morris , Benninga Marc A. , Tabbers Merit M.
Published: May 2021

CONTEXT:

Functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPDs) are common in childhood, impacting quality of life and school attendance. There are several compounds available for the treatment of pediatric FAPDs, but their efficacy and safety are unclear because of a lack of head-to-head randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

OBJECTIVE:

To systematically review the efficacy and safety of the pharmacologic treatments available for pediatric FAPDs.

DATA SOURCES:

Electronic databases were searched from inception to February 2021.

STUDY SELECTION:

RCTs or systematic reviews were included if the researchers investigated a study population of children (4–18 years) in whom FAPDs were treated with pharmacologic interventions and compared with placebo, no treatment, or any other agent.

DATA EXTRACTION:

Two reviewers independently performed data extraction and assessed their quality. Any interresearcher disagreements in the assessments were resolved by a third investigator.

RESULTS:

Seventeen articles representing 1197 children with an FAPD were included. Trials investigating antispasmodics, antidepressants, antibiotics, antihistaminic, antiemetic, histamine-2-receptor antagonist, 5-HT4-receptor agonist, melatonin, and buspirone were included. No studies were found on treatment with laxatives, antidiarrheals, analgesics, antimigraines, and serotonergics.

LIMITATIONS:

The overall quality of evidence on the basis of the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations system was very low to low.

CONCLUSIONS:

On the basis of current evidence, it is not possible to recommend any specific pharmacologic agent for the treatment of pediatric FAPDs. However, agents such as antispasmodics or antidepressants can be discussed in daily practice because of their favorable treatment outcomes and the lack of important side effects. High-quality RCTs are necessary to provide adequate pharmacologic treatment. For future intervention trials, we recommend using homogenous outcome measures and instruments, a large sample size, and long-term follow-up.
Transição do ensino presencial para o remoto em tempos de COVID-19
Authors: Dos Santos Loiane Letícia , Nery Nathalia de Moraes Lebeis , De Carvalho Enderson Rodrigues , Cecilio-Fernandes Dario
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: este artigo tem como objetivo refletir, a partir do olhar de docentes dos cursos da área da saúde, sobre as estratégias adotadas para a manutenção de suas atividades em meio à pandemia do novo Coronavírus.Métodos: trata-se de um estudo descritivo do tipo relato de experiência.Resultados: tais reflexões abordam os avanços e os desafios relacionados ao desenvolvimento docente, as adaptações nas aulas teóricas, teórico-práticas e nos estágios obrigatórios supervisionados e avaliação do aluno no ensino emergencial remoto.Conclusão: a transição do ensino presencial para o remoto exigiu adaptações e flexibilidade e tais mudanças transformaram o cenário do processo de ensino e aprendizagem, apontando que a tecnologia pode ser ainda mais explorada, tendo perspectivas permanentes.
Etiological investigation of genetic cause in autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Fernandes Carla Andreia Esteves , Cardoso Ana Francisca Henriques , Lopes Caroline Reis , Henriques Margarida Maria Videira , Pereira Ester Preciosa Maio Nunes
Published: May 2021

AIMS: The aims of this study were to characterize the etiological investigation of genetic cause in the autism spectrum disorder and to determine the factors related to its identification.METHODS: A retrospective descriptive study, with an analytical component, included children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder followed in consultation at a level 2 hospital, between November 2017 and October 2019. The following variables were analyzed: age, sex, age at the first consultation, family history, objective examination, cognitive assessment, etiological investigation of genetic cause and etiological diagnosis of genetic cause. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS®v23 program (significance level 0.05).RESULTS: We identified 153 children with autism spectrum disorder, of which 48 underwent a genetic cause investigation: 45 performed microarray analysis (15.6% pathogenic); 42 carried out a molecular study of the Fragile X syndrome (one altered); two performed sequencing of the methyl CpG binding protein 2 (MECP2) gene (one altered). The diagnosis of genetic cause was made in 18.8% of the sample. The identification of the etiology of a genetic cause was related to global development delay/ intellectual disability (p = 0.04) and the presence of relevant family history (p = 0.005).CONCLUSIONS: The diagnostic yield of the genetic study was higher in patients with a global development delay /intellectual disability and in patients with relevant family history.
Day trip to hell: A mixed methods study of challenging psychedelic experiences
Authors: Johnstad Petter Grahl
Published: May 2021

Background and aims

This article presents a mixed methods study of challenging psychedelic experiences or “bad trips”, with the aim of exploring the nature and characteristics of such experiences. While challenging psychedelic experiences have been studied in previous research, the article posits that the focus of this research has been overly narrow in terms of the characteristics and etiology of these experiences, and that it would be helpful to broaden our understanding of what a challenging psychedelic trip might be and how it affects users.

Methods

In the first study, respondents (N= 38) were recruited at various online fora for individual anonymous interviews via private messaging. The Cannabis and Psychedelics User Survey used for the second study was constructed on the basis of the knowledge obtained from interviews, and recruited 319 participants (median age 33; 81% male) from seven different online communities. Respondents were asked to characterize both a typical and their worst psychedelic experience, allowing for comparisons between the two and for regression analyses of associations between challenging experiences and other factors.

Results

Both in interviews and in the survey, respondents reported a broader range of characteristics for challenging psychedelic experiences than what has previously been recognized in the research literature. Despite the often dramatic narratives, they were convinced that the experience had positive long-term consequences.

Conclusions

The two studies found that challenging psychedelic experiences have a greater thematic range than what has previously been identified. Besides the near ubiquity of fear in these experiences, confusion was also identified as an important aspect. Meditation practice had paradoxical effects on challenging psychedelic experiences, appearing as a fruitful area for further research.
Mycoplasma genitalia – a mysterious destroyer
Authors:   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Burka O.A. , Ligirda N.F. ,   Ukrainian National Cancer Institute, Kyiv
Published: May 2021

Mycoplasma genitalium is a common cause of cervicitis and non-gonococcal urethritis. Today, this causative agent is already associated with inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs and sexually acquired reactive arthritis. The only diagnostic method is a nucleic acid amplification (NAAT) test that detects specific DNA (PCR) or M. genitalium RNA. Several treatment regimens are proposed, depending on the uncomplicated or complicated course of M. genitalium infection and the determination of macrolide resistance. Key words: Mycoplasma genitalium, sexually transmitted infections, inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs, cervicitis, non-gonococcal urethritis.
Evaluation of the therapeutic and prophylactic potential of the drug Canephron® N in the treatment of gestational pyelonephritis in pregnant women
Authors:   Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital, Ukraine, Sheremeta R.Z. , Sabadash M.E. ,   SI Institute of Urology of the NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Shulyak O.V. ,   SI Institute of Urology of the NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv
Published: May 2021

Gestational pyelonephritis (GP) is one of the most frequent and serious diseases of the middle and second half of pregnancy, which complicates about 6% of pregnancies and is one of the leading causes of non-obstetric prenatal hospitalization. The objective: was to improve the treatment of GP with phytopreparation Canephron® N. Materials and methods. The paper provides data from the open, multicentre, prospective, comparative (parallel group) study in 60 pregnant women diagnosed with gestational pyelonephritis, which were divided into two groups 30 subjects each. Patients in the treatment group received antibacterial therapy for 7 days + treatment with standard dosage of medicinal product Canephron® N for 3 months. Patients in the control group received antibiotic therapy alone for 7 days. Results. The average age of pregnant women at the time of diagnosing was 23±6.23 years; it was the first pregnancy for 39 women (65 %). The most common complaints at admission to the in-patient department were as follows: lumbar pain (96.2 %), dysuria (70.2 %), rise in temperature above 38°C (64.4 %). Leukocyturia and bacteriuria were detected in 100 % of cases with prevalence of E. coli in 84.2 % (101 of 120) of cases. By 30 day in GP patients in the treatment group bacteriuria was detected in 2/30 (6.67 %) patients, and in the control group – in 5/30 (16.7 %) patients (p 1: 2 <0.05), by 60 day in the treatment group – 2/30 (6.67 %), in the control group – 8/30 (26.7 %) (p 1: 2 <0.05), respectively, by 90 day – 3/30 (10 %) and 10 (33.3 %), respectively (p 1: 2 <0.05). The disease relapsed in 1 of 30 (3.33 %) GP patients in the treatment group and 3/30 (10 %) patients in the control group (p 1: 2 <0.05) and 3/30 (10 %) patients in the treatment group with CP, and 7/30 (23.3 %) patients in the control group during the follow-up period (p 1: 2 <0.05). Conclusion. The use of the herbal medicinal product Canephron® N in pregnant women with gestational pyelonephritis and in the acute exacerbations of chronic pyelonephritis has shown its high efficacy and undoubted therapeutic and prophylactic effect, good tolerability and decrease in the frequency of relapses of pyelonephritis. Key words: gestational pyelonephritis, pregnancy, Canephron® N, leukocyturia, bacteriuria, urosepsis, kidney, infection, urinary tract.
Learning of the biotope of maternity pathways of pregnant women with olygohydramnios
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine, Basiuha I.
Published: May 2021

The article focuses on clinical-statistical analyses of microbiocenosis of maternity pathways of women with oligohydramnios, which will enable the usage of etiotropic mediator aimed at reducing of the frequency of fetus and newborn’s infecting. The objective: to learn the biotope of vaginal environment in the process of pregnancy complicated by oligohydramnios. Materials and methods. There were observed 120 pregnant women with oligohydramnios at gestation term of 27–29 weeks (the main group). 30 women with physiological pregnancy process constituted the control group. Oligohydramnios was diagnosed on the basis of complex examination of pregnant women at the term of 27–29 weeks with the help of standard determination of amniotic fluid index. All the women underwent bacterioscopic and bacteriological examination and detection of antigens to: chlamydia, ureaplasma, mycoplasma, virus of genital herpes, cytomegalic virus. Results. In the main group of women there was diagnosed ureaplasmosis, Gardnerella vaginalis, chlamydiosis, trichomoniasis, Candida albicans, more than half of women had increased concentration of pathogenic bacteria (staphylococcus epidermidis, aureus, saprophyticus, enteric bacteria, enterococcus faecalis), genital herpes, cytomegalovirus. Most of the representatives of the main group had bacterial infection of genital tract (69.17%), and complex bacterial-viruses infection (30.83%). Conclusion. Results of the research show that pregnant women with urogenital infections, inflammations of pelvic organs complicated by obstetrical – gynecological anamnesis should be referred to the group of high risk in reference to the development of oligohydramnios. Key words: pregnancy, microbiocenosis of vulva, oligohydramnios, infections.
Role of genetic factors in the development of premenstrul syndrome
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ukraine, Pakharenko L.V.
Published: May 2021

To identify risks of development of any disease is a priority of modern medicine. The article deals with ESR1 gene polymorphisms and its role in the development of premenstrual. The objective: of this study was to investigate the frequency of polymorphic variants of A-351G gene estrogen receptor ESR1 in patients with various forms of premenstrual syndrome. Materials and methods. Molecular genetic analysis of ESR1 gene polymorphism was determines in 50 women with premenstrual syndrome (25 women of them had edematous form of disease, 25 – neuropsychical one; 25 suffered from mild form, 25 – severe one). 25 women without diagnosis of premenstrual syndrome were examined as controls. Results. The study of A-351G polymorphism estrogen gene ESR1 demonstrated no statistically significant differences in the frequency of distribution of genotypes and alleles between women with premenstrual syndrome and without this pathology. However, the frequency of GG genotype in women with severe PMS was significantly higher in 8.0 times compared with healthy women (χ2=4.87; p=0.03) and in women with edematous form of PMS – in 7.0 times (χ2=3.72; p=0.05). Conclusion. Thus, a polymorphic variant of A-351G estrogen receptor gene ESR1 can be regarded as a marker for the development of premenstrual syndrome. Pathological variant GG genotype is significantly associated with the presence of edematous and severe forms of the disease. Key words: premenstrual syndrome, genetic factors, development.
Molecular Mechanisms of Renal Magnesium Reabsorption
Authors: Ellison David H. , Maeoka Yujiro , McCormick James A.
Published: May 2021

Magnesium is an essential cofactor in many cellular processes, and aberrations in magnesium homeostasis can have life-threatening consequences. The kidney plays a central role in maintaining serum magnesium within a narrow range (0.70–1.10 mmol/L). Along the proximal tubule and thick ascending limb, magnesium reabsorption occurs via paracellular pathways. Members of the claudin family form the magnesium pores in these segments, and also regulate magnesium reabsorption by adjusting the transepithelial voltage that drives it. Along the distal convoluted tubule transcellular reabsorption via heteromeric TRPM6/7 channels predominates, although paracellular reabsorption may also occur. In this segment, the NaCl cotransporter plays a critical role in determining transcellular magnesium reabsorption. Although the general machinery involved in renal magnesium reabsorption has been identified by studying genetic forms of magnesium imbalance, the mechanisms regulating it are poorly understood. This review discusses pathways of renal magnesium reabsorption by different segments of the nephron, emphasizing newer findings that provide insight into regulatory process, and outlining critical unanswered questions.
Keltisch-eraviskische Siedelungen in Aquincum
Authors: Kaba Melinda
Published: May 2021

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Über den gegenwärtigen Stand der Erdwallforschung in Ungarn
Authors: Nováki Gyula
Published: May 2021

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Public Perception and Potential Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccine in India
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Das Bibhabasu , Padhye Apurva ,   Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: May 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)virus, has led to a substantial loss of human life and the global economy, and presents anunprecedented collapse of the public health systems worldwide. The sped-up advancement of theCOVID-19 vaccine is an important development. Data from the early trials suggest that the vaccineis safe as well as effective. However, the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine among the publicdepends on various socio-demographic factors. The primary aim of the study is to get a deeperunderstanding and analysis of the public's perception, information and sentiment towards theCOVID-19 vaccine in India.