bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENDAMPINGAN PEMBUATAN SABUN CAIR FILTRAT LIDAH BUAYA & DAUN MINT SEBAGAI SABUN ANTISEPTIK PENCEGAHAN COVID-19 PADA KADER & IBU PKK KELURAHAN DASAN CERMEN
Authors: Kusumadewi Lale Budi , Khusuma Ari , Agrijanti Agrijanti
Published: November 2021

Covid-19 merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus SARS-CoV-2 dan memiliki gejala yang mirip dengan flu biasa, yang dapat berlanjut pada sakit parah dan radang paru (pneumonia), sehingga menyebabkan kesulitan bernafas. Salah satu langkah perlindungan dasar individu dalam menghadapi COVID 19 adalah dengan mencuci tangan menggunakan sabun dan air mengalir. Sabun merupakan pembersih yang terbuat dari minyak atau lemak dengan basa kuat. Pada pembuatan akhir sabun umumnya ditambahkan bahan pewarna, pewangi dan bahan alami untuk meningkatkan karakteristik sabun. Lidah buaya merupakan salah satu tanaman yang berkhasiat untuk menjaga kesehatan kulit. Keistimewaan lidah buaya terletak pada gelnya yang mampu untuk meresap di dalam jaringan kulit, sehingga banyak menahan kehilangan cairan yang terlalu banyak dari dalam kulit. Penggunaan antibakteri dari bahan sintetik dapat mencegah terjadinya infeksi, namun tidak sedikit yang memberikan efek samping seperti iritasi. Untuk memecahkan masalah masyarakat terkait dengan persebaran dan pengendalian kasus persebaran COVID 19, maka pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan berupa pelatihan dan pendampingan pembuatan sabun cair filtrat lidah buaya dan daun mint sebagai sabun antiseptik untuk pencegahan COVID 19 pada kader dan remaja masjid di Lingkungan Dasan Cermen Asri, Kelurahan Dasan Cermen Kota Mataram. Hasil kegiatan ini berupa peningkatan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan mitra dalam membuat sabun dan memasarkan sabun hasil produksi secara online.
Justifying interventions in Norwegian child protection
Authors: Løvlie Audun , Skivenes Marit
Published: November 2021

How are decisions about care orders of children in cases about violence justified? What important accounts are considered? In an in-depth analysis of 94 written care order decisions from the Norwegian County Boards, we examine decision-makers arguments and hereunder if there are differences in cases about migrant and non-migrant families. The analysis shows that justifications are largely rooted in a pragmatic discourse focusing on risk-levels, drawing on empirical evidence of violence. Additionally, there is a pragmatic-ethical discourse rooted in the decision-makers assessment of parents’ ability to change their behaviour, to meet the children’s needs, highlighting parental denial of violence and blaming the children. This serves the decision-makers in justifying whether the necessary care for the children is possible to attain. We find only a few differences between migrant and non-migrant cases: parents’ denial is more prevalent in migrant cases; in non-migrant cases consequences for the child is more prevalent; and more evidence of strong direct violence in migrant cases.
Acalabrutinib-Related Cardiac Toxicities in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Htut Thura Win , Han Myat Min , Thein Kyaw Zin
Published: November 2021

Acalabrutinib, a second-generation and more selective Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor, was developed to potentiate efficacy while minimizing ibrutinib-associated side effects. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials to determine the risks of acalabrutinib-related cardiac toxicities in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Patients on acalabrutinib experienced higher risk of any-grade cardiac events (risk ratio, 1.75; p = 0.01) while there was a considerable trend toward statistical significance in the risk of any-grade atrial fibrillation (risk ratio, 2.56; p = 0.05). There was no significant increase in the risk of hypertension or high-grade cardiac events or atrial fibrillation in the acalabrutinib group.
AUTOMATED WASTE COLLECTION CONTAINER LID OPENER PROTOTYPE WITH DISINFECTANT SPRAYER AS PART OF NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION PREVENTION
Authors: Ridhani Fatahah Dwi
Published: November 2021

Nosocomial infection is a health issues related to the in-hospital activities. One of the indirect cause was the contamination related to the waste disposal activity. All hospital waste was deemed hazardous that it needs extra care during collection. Cross contamination may arises when the waste containers was not treated. To alleviate the problem and to promote healthy habits, this article describe a smart disinfectant sprayed waste collection container and its status reports. By automating the lid opening and closing that was triggered by human proximities using passive infrared detector and ultrasound sensor, it provide convenience in waste disposal. This also prevent cross contamination related with physical contact with the waste container which may induce the nosocomial infection. The container also tracking its remained waste capacity and will report when it was almost full to prevent overflowed and to alarmed for immediate waste pickup. In case of delayed container collection, the lids will remain closed and the light indicator turn to red. The indicator will turn green in normal conditions and turn yellow if the container was almost full. ESP32 was used to interface with ultrasound sensors to approximate the container remaining capacity. Passive infrared sensor and a servo motor was linked to actuates the lid opening and closing. Some disinfectant was sprayed for every detected increase in waste level. The disinfectant aerosol canister was pushed by a DC motor. For reporting, the systems was equipped with LoRa for status report. This systems was tested inside Poltekkes Kemenkes Jakarta II building and could reach at least 80m distance from the report center for reporting.
Comparative Analysis of Temperature Measurement Methods based on Degree of Agreement
Authors: Shetty Nayana
Published: November 2021

Many sports have a high risk of climatic ailments, such as hypothermia, hyperthermia, and heatstroke. The measurement of a sportsperson's body core temperature (Tc) may have an impact on their performances and it assists them to avoid injuries as well. To avoid complications like electrolyte imbalances or infections, it's essential to precisely measure the core body temperature during targeted temperature control when spontaneous circulation has returned. Previous approaches on the other hand, are intrusive and difficult to use. The usual technique, an oesophageal thermometer, was compared to a disposable non-invasive temperature sensor that used the heat flux methodology. This research indicates that, non-invasive disposable sensors used to measure core body temperature are very reliable when used for targeted temperature control after overcoming a cardiac arrest successfully. The non-invasive method of temperature measurement has somewhat greater accuracy than the invasive approach. The results of this study must be confirmed by more clinical research with various sensor types to figure out if the bounds of agreement could be increased. This will ensure that the findings are accurate based on core temperature.
Zombies at Large? Corporate Debt Overhang and the Macroeconomy
Authors:   Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, Jordà Òscar ,   and Department of Economics, University of California, Davis, Kornejew Martin ,   Department of Economics, University of Bonn, Schularick Moritz ,   Federal Reserve Bank of New York; and Department of Economics, University of Bonn; and CEPR, Taylor Alan ,   Department of Economics and Graduate School of Management, University of California, Davis; NBER; and CEPR
Published: November 2021

What are the macroeconomic consequences of business credit booms? Are they as dangerous as household credit booms? If not, why not? We answer these questions by collecting data on nonfinancial business liabilities (primarily bank loans and corporate bonds) for 17 advanced economies over the past 150 years. Unlike household credit, business credit booms are rarely followed by macroeconomic hangovers. Data on debt renegotiation costs—instrumented by a country’s legal tradition—show that frictions to debt resolution make recessions deeper and longer—an important factor in explaining the differences with household credit booms.
THE EXCHANGE RATE REGIME AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE: EVIDENCE FROM GHANA
Authors: Adubofour Isaac
Published: November 2021

The degree of fluctuation of a country’s currency in relation to other currencies is an important factor in determining her foreign trade position. The study employed both theoretical and empirical approaches to examine Ghana’s real exchange rate and the impact on her foreign trade. A time series data, spanning from 1991 to 2019 was analyzed in an attempt to establish the relationship between exchange rate and economic growth. It is argued in the study that exchange rate has impact on a country’s export volumes. A verification on the relationship between labour force and international trade was also conducted. The study was also extended to examining the impact of a country’s access to stable electric power on export volumes. Findings of the study revealed a statistically significant and inverse association existing between exchange rate and international trade. The study also found that, wide electricity coverage has statistically significant and direct effect on foreign trade, resulting from an increased production capacity due to the availability of electric power. The study however found no suggestive evidence to support the claim that, labour force has impact on her foreign trade. A test on granger causality found no causal linkage between the variables.
KEYWORDS: Exchange rate, international trade, labour force, exports.
Financial and Legal support of military Rehabilitation. The Experience of Ukraine
Authors: Dmytryk Olga , Krynytskyi Ihor , Kucheryavenko Mykola
Published: November 2021

Aim: To analyze the experience of Ukraine in providing financial and legal support for the rehabilitation of servicemen.
materials and methods: We analyzed the experience of Ukraine and some EU countries. In addition, we used statistical data of relevant organizations, expert opinions, and international lawThe statistical method was used in the analysis of statistical data and reports. The method of comparison made it possible to conduct a study of domestic and international law.
Conclusions: Ukraine’s state of military conflict necessitates the creation of servicemen and members of their families’ rehabilitation system. Such rehabilitation should be comprehensive and include the rehabilitation of victims, which would allow individuals to return to normal life as soon as possible to restore their mental and physical condition. In Ukraine, financial support for the rehabilitation of servicemen is provided at several levels, covered by various sources (state budget, local budgets, as well as funds from international organizations through the implementation of international technical support projects).
INFLUENCE OF COMPLEX TREATMENT WITH MAGNESIUM AND POTASSIUM SALTS OF GLUCONIC ACID, EPLERENONE AND RIVAROXABAN ON DYNAMICS OF INDICATORS OF ISCHEMIA AND MYOCARDIAL REMODELING IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE AFTER MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Vakaliuk Igor P. , Savchuk Nataliia V. , Nesterak Roksolana V. , Kulynych Haliia B. , Hryhoryshyn Ruslana S.
Published: November 2021

The aim: To increase the treatment effectiveness of CHF patients after MI with stenting by using magnesium and potassium salts of gluconic acid, eplerenone, and rivaroxaban in complex therapy.
Materials and methods: The research was performed at the premises of Ivano-Frankivsk Regional Clinical Cardiology Centre, Ukraine. 84 patients with CHF after past MI were examined.
Results and conclusions: A more pronounced anti-ischemic effect has been linked to the use of combination therapy with rivaroxaban on the background of basic therapy (BT) in patients with CHF after MI, compared with the use of magnesium and potassium salts of gluconic acid or eplerenone. The use of eplerenone in the complex treatment of these patients on the background of BT has been proven to provide a pronounced reverse remodeling of the left myocardium in the postinfarction period.
INVESTIGATION OF STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF “RESTORATION & TOOTH” SYSTEM IN WEDGE-SHAPED DEFECTS BY COMPUTED MODELING METHOD
Authors: Brailko Natalia N. , Tkachenko Iryna M. , Kovalenko Victor V. , Lemeshko Anna V. , Fenko Alexey G. , Kozak Ruslan V. , Kalashnikov Dmitry V.
Published: November 2021

The aim of this research is to study the influence of size and location of wedge-shaped defects of teeth on stress and strain state of restorative material on the basis of biomechanical analysis.
Materials and methods: Biomechanical analysis of the stress-strain state was performed on a jaw bone fragment with canine and premolar inclusion. Results: Tangential stress increase both in the adhesive layer and in restorative material with depth and width (medial-distal size) of restored wedge-shaped defects of teeth,. The most unfavorable loading on a tooth is a joint action of vertical and horizontal loading in lingual- vestibular or vestibular-lingual direction, depending on localization of the restored wedge-shaped defects of teeth. The formation of retention grooves in wedge-shaped defects of teeth reduces the value of the maximum tangential stress in the adhesive layer of restorative material to 25% and extends the longevity of restorations.
Conclusions: The difference in maximal values of tangential stress increases in adhesive layer of restorative material with or without retention grooves with increasing depth of defect. Thus, it is advisable to form retention grooves in cases of wedge-shaped teeth defects that exceed 1.5 mm. In case of restoration of subgingival wedge-shaped defects of teeth of small height it is recommended to create one retention groove on the gingival or incisal planes of a carious cavity due to significant inconveniences, and sometimes impossibility of formation of traditionally located retention grooves.
POSTMORTEM INTERVAL ESTIMATION BY THE METHOD OF WAVELET ANALYSIS OF STOKES-POLARIMETRIC MAPPING DATA OF HUMAN VITREOUS BODY LAYERS
Authors: Sarkisova Yuliya V. , Bachynskiy Viktor T. , Garazdiuk Oleksandr I. , Garazdiuk Ivan V. , Teleki Iana M.
Published: November 2021

The aim: To develop a set of forensic criteria for determining PMI on the basis of complex selective statistical data analysis of magnitude distributions of the wavelet-amplitude coefficients of VB polycrystalline films microscopic images.
Materials and methods: The object of study are polycrystalline films of VB, taken from 41 cadavers of both sexes aged from 37 to 79-year with pre-known time of death coming ranged from 3 to 36 h. Measuring the coordinate allocation meanings of parameters of polarization in the points of microscopic images was carried out at the location of the standard Stokes-polarimeter.
Results: The magnitudes of statistical moments of the 1st-4th orders linearly vary within 36 hours. It was revealed that the data of time changes of the asymmetry and the excess are the most sensitive to necrotic changes in the polycrystalline structure of such samples.
Conclusions: The scale-selective approach provides an increase in the range of sensitivity up to 36 h and increase the accuracy of the PMI estimation up to 45 min.
Iglesia, guerra y política: el Cabildo Catedral de Puebla ante la intervención francesa (México, 1861-1864)
Authors: Rosas Sergio
Published: November 2021

Este capítulo tiene como objetivo analizar la composición del Cabildo Catedral de Puebla (México), así como su posición política ante la intervención francesa en aquel país entre 1861 y 1864. A partir de la documentación del mismo cuerpo capitular, el trabajo argumenta que, si bien los canónigos estuvieron abiertos a la negociación con las autoridades civiles en el poder, fueran liberales o extranjeras, mantuvieron dos aspectos como la base irrenunciable de su posición pública: la defensa de la posición central del Cabildo como autoridad de la ciudad episcopal y la defensa férrea de los bienes eclesiásticos.
Effect of statistical scatter in the elastic properties on the predictability of first ply failure of a polymer composite pressure vessel
Authors:   Universal College of Engineering & Technology, Vallioor - 627 117, India, Priscilla C P Goldin , Rajadurai J Selwin ,   Alagappa Chettiar Government College of Engineering & Technology, A Krishnaveni ,   Government College of Engineering, Tirunelveli – 627007, India
Published: November 2021

Statistical variations in the elastic properties of composites are unavoidable. This work is concerned with the assessment of the probabilistic first ply failure of pressure vessel in response to the variations of elastic properties of T700 carbon/epoxy composite among the published literature. Initially, deterministic failure pressure is estimated using Finite Element Analysis software ANSYS. The uncertainties with respect to elastic properties are quantified by using Statistical software MINITAB. Then, the probability design system platform in ANSYS software has been utilized to perform probabilistic failure analysis by Monte Carlo simulations. The statistical results in terms of the mean and standard deviation of first ply failure pressure are computed. The probabilistic first ply failure pressure range determined is within 3 limits with 99.997% confidence level. It is helpful to the designers to assess the factor of safety in the case of anticipated variations in properties.
Research on the Relationship between Service Quality of Scenic Spots, Tourism Experience and Behavior Intention: Based on Taierzhuang Ancient City
Authors: Liu Haonan
Published: November 2021

As an important carrier and symbol of cultural memory, the ancient city is not only an important place to construct and inherit historical culture, but also the most important cultural tourism destination today. The ancient city of Taierzhuang, known as the “No. 1 Village in the World,” is a famous 5A tourist attraction in China. It combines “canal culture” and “war culture” and has a strong international recognition. This study uses tourists in the historic city of Taierzhuang as the research object, and examines the link between the scenic spot’s service quality, tourists’ tourism experience, and tourists’ behavioral intention. The findings reveal that the scenic site service quality has a significant positive impact on tourist experience and behavioral intention, and that tourist experience has a significant positive impact on tourist behavioral intention. This study proposes various development ideas based on the research findings in order to increase the core competitiveness of the Taierzhuang ancient city scenic spot.
Analysis on Adidas Marketing Strategies in 4P Model
Authors: Zhu Junhao
Published: November 2021

When people are shopping, they may make different choices in the face of different brands. People generally choose goods with high brand recognition. This paper studies the reasons that brand awareness has an impact on people’s consumption intentions, the measures other enterprises can take to improve their brand awareness and attract more consumers and gain more profits. This paper uses the 4P theory (product, price, place, promotion) to explain the marketing process of Adidas and other issues in four aspects. At the end of this article, some data and forms can show that there are some huge differences in net profits with part of his competitors due to Adidas marketing strategy.
Uji Toksisitas Akut Ekstrak Air Dan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kacapiring (Gardenia jasminoides Ellis) Terhadap Larva Artemia Salina Leach Dengan Metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT)
Authors: Nuralifah Nuralifah , Parawansah Parawansah , Nur Hasniana
Published: November 2021

A toxicity test is a test to detect the toxic effect of a substance on a biological system and to obtain typical dose-response data from the test preparation. This study aims to determine the content of secondary metabolites from the aqueous extract and ethanolic extract of gardenia leaves, characterization of gardenia leaf extract, and acute toxicity using the BSLT method against Artemia salina Leach shrimp larvae.Phytochemical screening tests were carried out by the color change method which included the alkaloid test, flavonoid test, tannin test, saponin test, and terpenoid test. Extract characterization tests include determination of water-soluble extract, determination of ethanol-soluble extract, determination of water content, and determination of ash content. Acute toxicity test using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method using Artemia salina Leach shrimp larvae.The results of the phytochemical screening test for the aqueous extract of gardenia leaves showed positive results on saponins, while the phytochemical screening tests on ethanol extracts showed positive results on alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids. The results of the characterization test on the aqueous extract of gardenia leaves were that the ethanol-soluble extract content was 20.19%, the water-soluble extract content was 23.17%, the water content was 99.13% and the ash content was 0.29%. Meanwhile, in the ethanolic extract of gardenia leaves, the ethanol-soluble extract content was 60.80%, the water-soluble extract content was 57.14%, the water content was 7.87% and the ash content was 3.22%. The results show that gardenia leaves are not toxic with the LC50 value of the water extract of the gardenia leaves is 1399.64 g/mL and the LC50 value of the ethanolic extract of the gardenia leaves is 1080.96 so that it can be used as traditional medicine.
ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS BIAYA PERBANDINGAN KOMBINASI METFORMIN-GLIMEPIRIDE DAN INSULIN ASPART-INSULIN DETEMIR PASIEN RAWAT JALAN PESERTA BPJS PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DI RSUD TOTO KABILA
Authors: Diantika Ana Ana , S.Farm., M.Sc., Apt Madania Madania , S.Si., M.Si., Apt Dr Nur Rasdianah
Published: November 2021

Diabetes Melitus tipe 2 merupakan kelompok penyakit metabolik dengan karakteristik ditandai hiperglikemia yang terjadi karena resistensi insulin dan kegagalan relatif sel beta. Bervariasinya penggunaan terapi kombinasi insulin atau kombinasi antidiabetik oral pada pasien DM tipe 2dengan glukosa darah yang belum adekuat akan mengakibatkan adanya berbedaan dalam biaya dan efektivitas terapinya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang dilakukan secara retrospektif dari bulan Oktober sampai dengan Desember 2020. Subyek penelitian adalah 45 pasien DM tipe 2 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Data dianalisis untuk mengetahui jenis terapi dan biaya medis langsung. Efektivitas terapi dinilai dari tercapainya target (GDS 110-130 mg/dL) selama 3 bulan pasien melakukan kontrol kesehatan tidak munculnya efek samping obat (hipoglikemia). Data diolah menggunakan ACER dan ICER. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan jumlah pasien DM tipe 2 lebih banyak diderita oleh perempuan yaitu 26 orang dengan persentase 57,8%, berdasarkan usia pada kelompok 44-52 tahun yaitu 18 oang  dengan persentase 40%. Efektivitas pengobatan kombinasi metformin-glimepiride 51,6%, dan kombinasi insulin aspart-insulin detemir 93%. Berdasarkan nilai ACER yang paling cost effective adalah kombinasi metformin-glimepiride dengan nilai ACER sebesar Rp 101.082,364 per % efektivitas.
Skrining Fitokimia dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Kulit Batang Matoa (Pometia pinnata) Dengan Metode 1,1-Diphenyl-2 picrylhidrazyl (DPPH)
Authors: Hasan Hamsidar , Ain Thomas Nur , Hiola Faramita , Nuzul Ramadhani Fika , Ibrahim Anggun Sasmita
Published: November 2021

Pometia pinnata is a plant belonging to the Sapindaceae family that spread in the tropics, including Indonesia, which can be used as antioxidants. It is known to contain flavonoid compounds. Flavonoid is a substance that has antioxidants in capturing free radicals because it contains a hydroxyl group which is a reducer and can be beneficial for hydrogen donors to free radicals. This study aims to determine the chemical content and antioxidant activity of Pometia pinnata skin using 1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhidrazyl (DPPH). Sample extraction was conducted using a multilevel extraction method with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ethanol as solvents. The results showed that Pometia pinnata skin extract contains Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Saponins, Tannins, Steroids, and Terpenoids. While the value of antioxidant activity showed the IC50 value of n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ethanol extracts are 25, 5, 9, 4 µg/mL. The IC50 value indicates that the antioxidant activity is in an extremely strong category.
Identifikasi Senyawa Alkaloid Pada Daun Bidara Arab (Ziziphus spina-christi L.) Menggunakan Metode Spektrofotometri UV-Vis
Authors: Andy Suryadi A. Mu’thi , Adam Mustapa Mohammad , Zahrah Nur Khofifah
Published: November 2021

Christ's torn jujube (Ziziphus spina-christi L.) is a medicinal plant that has many benefits for curing or treating diarrhea, fever, and cancer. One of the compounds that play role is an alkaloid. This study was generated to identify the alkaloid compounds in the leaves of the Christ’s jujube torn using the UV-Vis spectrophotometry method. Christ's torn jujube leaves were macerated using 3 types of solvents with different polarity levels i.e., n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Furthermore, phytochemical screening of alkaloid compounds was carried out. A Christ jujube leaf sample that was positive for alkaloids was found in the ethyl acetate extract; then identified using thin layer chromatography with eluent n-hexane: ethyl acetate (8:2), yielding 4 points with an Rf value of 0.25; 0.4 ; 0.52 ; and 0.62. Furthermore, phytochemical screening of alkaloid compounds was carried out. Christ' torn jujube which were positive for alkaloids present in the ethyl acetate extract were identified using thin layer chromatography with n-hexane eluent: ethyl acetate (8:2), yielding four spots with an Rf value of 0.25; 0.4 ; 0.52 ; and 0.62. The four spots were identified using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, obtained a wavelength of 248 ; 268 ; 268 ; and 255. Based on the identification results on the leaf extract, each stain was suspected to contain cantin-6-one alkaloid compounds.
Uji Toksisitas Ekstrak Etanol Daun Ekor Kucing (Acalypha hispida Burm.f.) Dengan Metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT)
Authors: Kurniawan Hadi , Ropiqa Meri
Published: November 2021

Daun Ekor Kucing (Acalypha hispida Burm.f.) merupakan jenis tanaman hias yang telah dikenal masyarakat Indonesia untuk pengobatan, namun belum ada penelitian untuk meneliti toksisitas akut daun ekor kucing. Tanaman ini mengandung senyawa alkaloid dan flavonoid. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi ketoksikan akut ekstrak etanol daun ekor kucing (A. hispida Burm.f.) terhadap larva Artemia salina Leach dengan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai LC50. Penelitian eksperimental ini menggunakan 300 ekor larva udang (Artemia salina Leach) yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok kontrol negatif dan 5 kelompok seri konsentrasi ekstrak. Masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari 10 ekor larva dengan replikasi 3 kali untuk tiap kelompok perlakuan. Kelima kelompok perlakuan diberi suspensi sediaan uji ekstrak etanol daun ekor kucing dengan konsentrasi 100 ppm, 250 ppm, 500 ppm, 750 ppm, dan 1.000 ppm. Data kematian Artemia salina Leach dianalisis dengan analisis probit untuk mengetahui nilai LC50. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan harga LC50 dari ekstrak etanol daun ekor kucing adalah 220,005 ppm. Ekstrak etanol daun ekor kucing memiliki potensi toksisitas akut terhadap larva Artemia salina Leach menurut metode BSLT yang ditunjukkan dengan harga LC50 1.000 ppm.
Optimalisasi Persediaan Bahan Baku Bawang Goreng Merek Sawung Tani
Authors: Alisa Mayang Ningrum  , Hery Purnomo  , Rony Kurniawan
Published: November 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui estimasi kebutuhan bahan baku untuk periode berikutnya, sebagai dasar menentukan penerapan metode EOQ, dan mengetahui perbandingan dalam penerapan EOQ periode lalu dengan periode yang akan datang, berdasar pada estimasi kebutuhan bahan baku. Hasil penelitian 1) diperoleh model tren linier regresi yang terbaik adalah metode tren kuadrat terkecil, dengan Standar Kesalahan Estimasi terkecil, dengan model tren linier regresi = Y’= 2.044,70 – 23,70(x). Maka hasil estimasi kebutuhan bahan baku periode 2021 (n+1) adalah sebesar 22,545 Kg lebih rendah 8% dari kebutuhan bahan baku periode 2020 (n), sebesar 24.536 Kg. 2) EOQ menggunakan data historis yaitu 2020 (n) diperoleh besar EOQ adalah 1.566 Kg, dan SS sebesar 167 Kg, dan Rop sebesar 1.068 Kg. Sedangkan dengan menggunakan data kebutuhan bahan baku estimasi (peramalan) untuk periode 2021 (n+1) EOQ terletak pada 1.498 Kg, dan SS pada 154 Kg, dan RoP sebesar 942 Kg. Jika perusahaan menggunakan data historis tahun 2020 untuk kebijakan pengendalian perusahaannya akan berefek pada kelebihan bahan baku sebesar 1.962 Kg pada akhir tahun 2021 (n+1).
Pengaruh Return On Asset Dan Return On Equity Terhadap Harga Saham Pada Pt.Unilever Indonesia Tbk Periode 2016-2020 (Sebelum Dan Dimasa Pandemi Covid-19)
Authors: Abdul Aziz Junaedi  , Rio Hadi Winata  , Mutmainnah
Published: November 2021

Adanya pandemi Covid-19 menjadi tantangan bagi perusahaan agar tetap tumbuh dan berkembang. Fundamental merupakan teknik yang sering digunakan untuk menilai pergerakan harga saham. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat adakah Pengaruh Return On Asset Dan Return On Equity Terhadap Harga Saham Pada PT.Unilever Indonesia Tbk Periode 2016-2020 (Sebelum Dan Dimasa Pandemi Covid-19). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif asosiatif. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder laporan keuangan tahunan perusahaan yang telah dipublikasikan pada bursa efek. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil uji parsial menunjukan baik Return On Asset dan Return On Equity tidak memiliki signifikasi terhadap Harga Saham. Hasil uji simultan menunjukanReturn On Asset dan Return On Equity secara bersama-sama tidak memiliki signifikasi terhadap Harga Saham. Hasil asil uji koefisiensi determinasi menunjukan pengaruh Return On Asset dan Return On Equity terhadap Harga Saham adalah sebesar 0,145 sisa 0,855 pengaruh oleh faktor yang tidak terdapat dalam penelitian ini.
Pengaruh Total Asset Terhadap Return On Assets Dan Return On Equity Menjelang Pandemi Covid-19 Pada PT. Astra International Tbk Periode 2016-2020
Authors: Ibnu Sabil Al Ansori  , Ratnoto  , Mutmainnah
Published: November 2021

Pandemi Covid-19 jadi pemicu menyusutnya energi beli warga selama satu tahun terkahir ini di hampir seluruh dunia, sehingga mengakibatkan menurunnya tingkat penjualan perusahaan termasuk PT. Astra International Tbk, riset ini bertujuan buat mengukur pengaruh Total Asset terhadap bagian dari rasio profitabilitas Return On Assets dan Return On Equity menjelang Pandemi Covid-19 dengan menggunakan metode regresi linear menggunakan SPSS 26 dengan hasil menunjukan nilai F hitung < dari F tabel untuk X terhadap Y1 (0,000 < 7,71 dan X) dan X terhadap Y2 (0,001 > 7,71) dan dari output koefisien determinasi (r2) didapatkan nilai X terhadap Y1 dan X terhadap Y2 di angka yang sama yakni 0,000, dan mengindikasikan bahwa dari hasil uji periode 2016-2020 di PT. Astra International Tbk melaporkan tidak terdapatnya pengaruh antara Total Asset terhadap Return On Assets dan Return On Equity.
Analisis Efektivitas Dan Kontribusi Pajak Bumi Dan Bangunan Perdesaan Dan Perkotaan (Pbb-P2) Terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kab. Bandung
Authors: Devi Fujianti  , Ane Sachintania  , Gunardi
Published: November 2021

Pendapatan asli daerah merupakan sumber pendapatan yang seringkali dijadikan indikator kemajuan suatu daerah. Suatu daerah mendapatkan sumber pendapatannya dari potensi daerah itu sendiri. Pajak bumi dan bangunan merupakan salah satu pendapatan pajak daerah yang sangat potensial di kabupaten Bandung. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat efektivitas dan kontribusi pajak bumi dan bangunan perdesaan dan perkotaan terhadap pendapatan asli daerah kabupaten Bandung, serta untuk mengetahui upaya dalam meningkatkan pendapatan pajak daerah yang dilakukan oleh Badan Pendapatan Daerah kabupaten Bandung. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dan analisis deskriptif, sedangkan alat analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis efektifitas. Dari hasil penelitian dapat dilihat bahwa (1) efektivitas pajak bumi dan bangunan kabupaten Bandung dari 2016-2020 mengalami kondisi berfluktuasi dengan rata-rata 112,13% dalam kategori yang sangat efektif. (2) Kontribusi PBB-P2 di Kabupaten Bandung sejak 2016-2020 memiliki kontribusi rata-rata 101,75% dalam kategori yang sangat baik.
C-graphs - A Mixed Graphical Representation of Groups
Authors: N. Vijayan Sinu , Kishore Anjaly
Published: November 2021

Corresponding to each group Γ, a mixed graph G = (Γ,E,E′) called C-graph is assigned, such that the vertex set of G is the group itself. Two types of adjacency relations, that is, one way and two way communication is defined for vertices, to get a clear idea of the underlying group structure. An effort to answer the question, ‘Is there any relation between the order of an element in the group and degrees of the corresponding vertex in the C-graph’, by proposing a mathematical formula connecting them is made. Established an upper bound for the total number of edges in a C-graph G. For a vertex z in G, the concept Connector Edge CEz is defined, which convey some structural properties of the group Γ. The Connector Edge Set is defined for both a vertex z and the whole C-graph G, and is denoted as C E z and C E G respectively. Proposed the result, C E G = E if and only if |Γ| = 2n, n ∈ N. Finally, the properties of G, which the Connector Edge Set C E G carry out are discussed.
Comportamientos agresivos y violentos detectados en las prácticas a distancia
Authors: Sandoval Xiqui Tania Sarai , Cortés Barradas Blanca Estela , Morán Sotelo Rudh Diana
Published: November 2021

La primera infancia es la etapa en que el pequeño comienza su desarrollo en un entorno educativo sociocultural y los conflictos para entablar la convivencia son presentados. La disconformidad y las agresiones son expresadas hacia sus pares, pero es necesario observar las manifestaciones de enojo porque pueden ser comportamientos agresivos o violentos. Este estudio examina y describe los comportamientos antes mencionados de los alumnos de preescolar, registrados por las alumnas en formación de Puebla desde el contexto educativo a distancia, debido al confinamiento por el COVID-19. Como resultado, estos comportamientos afectan el proceso de enseñanza – aprendizaje en un ambiente remoto.
2021 Outer Space Security Conference Report
Authors: Garzón Maceda María , Krabill Eleanor , Azcárate Ortega Almudena
Published: November 2021

The 2021 UNIDIR Outer Space Security Conference (OS21) was held on 27 and 28 September 2021 both virtually and in person at the Palais des Nations in Geneva, Switzerland. The central conversations at OS21 are condensed in this document, as well as several key takeaway points.
EXPERIMENTS AND RELIABILITY ANALYSIS ON FRAME-TO-SHEATHING JOINTS IN LIGHT WOOD FRAMED SHEAR WALLS
Authors: ZUO HONGLIANG , DI JING
Published: November 2021

To exploit the spruce-pine-fir (SPF) panel and the parallel strand bamboo (PSB) panel used in light wood framed shear wall and investigate the lateral behaviors of frame-to-sheathing joints in light wood framed shear wall with different characteristics, the experimental investigation and reliability analysis were carried out under monotonic load. The test configurations included joints with perpendicular-to-framing-grain load or parallel-to-framing-grain load, with SPF sheathing panel or PSB sheathing panel and with nail or screw. The results suggested that nailed joints with PSBpanel occurred ductile failure but other joints occurred brittle failure. Moreover, theultimate bearing capacity and the elastic stiffness of the joints under perpendicular load were higher than that ofthe joints under parallel load. The use of PSB panel and screw increased theultimate bearing capacity of the joints. Furthermore, based on Johansen yield theory and experimental results, the reliability analysis was carried out through first-order reliability methods. The results showed that the SPF-nail joints, the PSB-nail joints, and PSB-screw joints achieved the reliability requirements.
WOOD-BASED SANDWICH PANELS: A REVIEW
Authors: WEI PEIXING , CHEN JINXIANG , ZHANG YUE , PU LIJUN
Published: November 2021

A sandwich panel with a high ratio of strength to weight is commonly used in aerospace, construction, packaging and other fields. Using a renewable material such as wood to make sandwich panels can achieve a perfect unity of material and structure. In view of the lackof systematic analyses of wood-based sandwich panels, this work reviewed the developmentof wood-based sandwich panels. Based on the core structure, these panels can be divided into hollow-core structures and solid-core structures. With the emergence of new materials and new technologies, new wood-based sandwich products had been created. However, the current research only focused on the manufacturing, and the related novel design was still lacking. This work put forward a research idea of bionic designbased on the integration of structure and function and pointed out the research direction for wood-based sandwich panels.
SHORT NOTES: APPLICATION OF MINERAL FILLER IN MEDIUM DENSITY FIBERBOARD (MDF) AND ITS EFFECT ON MATERIAL PROPERTIES AS A FUNCTION OF PARTICLE SIZE
Authors: OZYHAR TOMASZ
Published: November 2021

The addition of inorganic filler material in medium density fiberboard (MDF) and the effect on material properties as a function of particle size was examined. Medium density fiberboard was manufactured in a laboratory scale environment to a target raw densityof 750 kgm-3. Wood fibers were replaced by using calcium carbonate at 3 and 10 wt.% using fillers with weighted median particle sizes of d50= 2.0 μm and d50= 30 μm, respectively. Urea formaldehyde resin was used as binder in all MDF. The influence of filler addition on the modulus of elasticity, bending and tensile strength, dimensional stability and liquid permeability was investigated. The results demonstrate the effect of filler content and its dependence on particle size. The addition of filler with d50= 30 μm does not have any influence on material properties up to a filler content of 10 wt.%. Using the finer filler with d50= 2.0 μm at 10 wt.% filler, the quantity significantly increases the water adsorption and swelling behavior and reduces the strength properties of the MDF.
UNIFORM REGULARITY FOR THE ISENTROPIC COMPRESSIBLE MAGNETO-MICROPOLAR SYSTEM
Authors: Fan Jishan , Wang Peng , Zhou Yong
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we are concerned with the uniform regularity estimates of smooth solutions to the isentropic compressible magneto-micropolar system in T3. Under the assumption that , and by applying the classic bilinear commutator and product estimates, the uniform estimates of solutions to the isentropic compressible magneto-micropolar system are established in space, .
Tidal Evolution of the Eccentric Moon around Dwarf Planet (225088) Gonggong
Authors: Arakawa Sota , Hyodo Ryuki , Shoji Daigo , Genda Hidenori
Published: November 2021

Recent astronomical observations revealed that (225088) Gonggong, a 1000 km sized trans-Neptunian dwarf planet, hosts an eccentric satellite, Xiangliu, with an eccentricity of approximately 0.3. As the majority of known satellite systems around trans-Neptunian dwarf planets have circular orbits, the observed eccentricity of the Gonggong–Xiangliu system may reflect the singular properties of the system. In this study, we assumed that the Gonggong–Xiangliu system formed via a giant impact and we investigated the subsequent secular tidal evolution of this system under the simplifying assumptions of homogeneous bodies and of zero orbital inclination. We conducted simulations of coupled thermal–orbital evolution using the Andrade viscoelastic model and included higher-order eccentricity functions. The distribution of the final eccentricity from a large number of simulations with different initial conditions revealed that the radius of Xiangliu is not larger than 100 km. We also derived the analytical solution of the semilatus rectum evolution, a function of the radius of Xiangliu. From the point of view of the final semilatus rectum, the radius of Xiangliu was estimated to be close to 100 km. Together with the results of the Hubble Space Telescope observations, our findings suggest Gonggong and Xiangliu have similar albedos.
Introducing the FLAMINGOS-2 Split-K Medium-band Filters: The Impact on Photometric Selection of High-z Galaxies in the FENIKS-pilot survey
Authors: Esdaile James , Labbé Ivo , Glazebrook Karl , Antwi-Danso Jacqueline , Papovich Casey , Taylor Edward , Marsan Z. Cemile , Muzzin Adam , Straatman Caroline M. S. , Marchesini Danilo , Diaz Ruben , Spitler Lee , Tran Kim-Vy H. , Goodsell Stephen
Published: November 2021

Deep near-infrared photometric surveys are efficient in identifying high-redshift galaxies, however, they can be prone to systematic errors in photometric redshift. This is particularly salient when there is limited sampling of key spectral features of a galaxy’s spectral energy distribution (SED), such as for quiescent galaxies where the expected age-sensitive Balmer/4000 Å break enters the K-band at z > 4. With single-filter sampling of this spectral feature, degeneracies between SED models and redshift emerge. A potential solution to this comes from splitting the K band into multiple filters. We use simulations to show an optimal solution is to add two medium-band filters, K
blue (λ
cen = 2.06 μm, Δλ = 0.25 μm) and K
red (λ
cen = 2.31 μm, Δλ = 0.27 μm), that are complementary to the existing K
s filter. We test the impact of the K-band filters with simulated catalogs comprised of galaxies with varying ages and signal-to-noise. The results suggest that the K-band filters do improve photometric redshift constraints on z > 4 quiescent galaxies, increasing precision and reducing outliers by up to 90%. We find that the impact from the K-band filters depends on the signal-to-noise, the redshift, and the SED of the galaxy. The filters we designed were built and used to conduct a pilot of the FLAMINGOS-2 Extragalactic Near-Infrared K-band Split survey. While no new z > 4 quiescent galaxies are identified in the limited area pilot, the K
blue and K
red filters indicate strong Balmer/4000 Å breaks in existing candidates. Additionally, we identify galaxies with strong nebular emission lines, for which the K-band filters increase photometric redshift precision and in some cases indicate extreme star formation.
Uniform Forward-modeling Analysis of Ultracool Dwarfs. II. Atmospheric Properties of 55 Late-T Dwarfs
Authors: Zhang 张周 Zhoujian 健 , Liu Michael C. , Marley Mark S. , Line Michael R. , Best William M. J.
Published: November 2021

We present a large uniform forward-modeling analysis for 55 late-T (T7–T9) dwarfs, using low-resolution (R ≈ 50–250) near-infrared (1.0–2.5 μm) spectra and cloudless Sonora–Bobcat model atmospheres. We derive the objects’ effective temperatures, surface gravities, metallicities, radii, masses, and bolometric luminosities using our newly developed Bayesian framework, and use the resulting population properties to test the model atmospheres. We find (1) our objects’ fitted metallicities are 0.3–0.4 dex lower than those of nearby stars; (2) their ages derived from spectroscopic parameters are implausibly young (10 Myr–0.4 Gyr); (3) their fitted effective temperatures show a similar spread to empirical temperature scales at a given spectral type but are ∼50–200 K hotter for ≥T8 dwarfs; and (4) their spectroscopically inferred masses are unphysically small (mostly 1–8 M
Jup). These suggest the Sonora–Bobcat assumptions of cloudless and chemical-equilibrium atmospheres do not adequately reproduce late-T dwarf spectra. We also find a gravity and metallicity dependence of effective temperature as a function of spectral type. Combining the resulting parameter posteriors of our sample, we quantify the degeneracy between the fitted surface gravity and metallicity such that an increase in Z combined with a 3.4× increase in logg results in a spectrum that has similar fitted parameters. We note the systematic difference between the late-T dwarf spectra and Sonora–Bobcat models is on average ≈2%–4% of the objects’ peak J-band fluxes over the 1.0–2.5 μm range, implying modeling systematics will exceed measurement uncertainties when analyzing data with J-band S/N ≳ 50. Using our large, high-quality sample, we examine the spectral-fitting residuals as a function of wavelength and atmospheric properties to discern how to improve the model assumptions. Our work constitutes the largest analysis of brown dwarf spectra using multimetallicity models and the most systematic examination of ultracool model atmospheres to date.
Solar Origin of Bare Ion Anomalies in the Solar Wind and Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections
Authors: Rivera Yeimy J. , Lepri Susan T. , Raymond John C. , Reeves Katharine K. , Stevens Michael L. , Zhao Liang
Published: November 2021

Previous studies of the solar wind and interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) have shown periods throughout solar cycle 23 when heliospheric measurements of ion composition appear anomalous. In these cases, C6+ and other bare ion densities, i.e., fully stripped ions, are unusually low, leading it to be classified as the Outlier solar wind. However, its origin and solar source(s) remain largely uncertain. In this work, we further characterize the Outlier wind to connect its heliospheric structure to its solar source to constrain the conditions of its formation. Through an analysis of the plasma and magnetic field properties of each occurrence between 1998 and 2011, we find that the Outlier plasma occurs in the slow solar wind or interplanetary mass ejections (∼460 km s−1), and comprises distinct, high density events lasting less than 10 hr. The number of events is correlated with the solar cycle, indicating the process leading to the depletion of bare ions is strongly governed by the magnetic field. Additionally, the events exhibit a bi- or unidirectional suprathermal electron strahl that is concurrent with changes in the magnetic field direction. Moreover, the Outlier wind’s composition, entropy, Alfvén speed, and proton temperature suggest a helmet streamer or active region origin. Together, the properties exhibited by the Outlier wind suggest a strong connection to the heliospheric current sheet and that the solar wind events are smaller scale versions of those seen in ICMEs, such as small magnetic flux ropes. However, more work is necessary to determine the source and creation process in the vicinity of the Sun.
Emission of Magnetar Bursts and Precursors of Neutron Star Mergers
Authors: Beloborodov Andrei M.
Published: November 2021

Magnetar bursts can be emitted by Alfvén waves growing in the outer magnetosphere to nonlinear amplitudes, δ
B/ B ∼ 1, and triggering magnetic reconnection. Similar magnetic flares should occur quasi-periodically in a magnetized neutron star binary nearing merger. In both cases, fast dissipation in the magnetic flare creates optically thick e
± plasma, whose heat capacity is negligible compared with the generated radiation energy. Magnetic dissipation then involves photon viscosity and acts through Compton drag on the plasma bulk motions in the reconnection region. The effective temperature of the resulting Comptonization process is self-regulated to tens of keV. The generated X-ray emission is calculated using time-dependent radiative transfer simulations, which follow the creation of e
± pairs and the production, Comptonization, and escape of photons. The simulations show how the dissipation region becomes dressed in an e
± coat and how the escaping spectrum is shaped by radiative transfer through the coat. The results are compared with observed magnetar bursts, including the recent activity of SGR 1935+2154 accompanied by a fast radio burst. Predictions are made for X-ray precursors of magnetized neutron star mergers.