bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La era instagramer: Estudio semiótico de los vectores de producción de sentido en testimonios publicitarios y marcas peruanas emergentes en Instagram
Authors:   , Báez Rojas Laura Mónica
Published: February 2022

Esta investigación analiza desde un enfoque cualitativo los vectores de producción de sentido (VPS) en los testimonios publicitarios de los instagramers que promocionan las marcas peruanas emergentes Manimar y Grande Semilla en Instagram. Para tal efecto se emplea el método estudio de casos y la herramienta análisis de contenido de las muestras seleccionadas. Además, se aplica la teoría semiótica de los sistemas culturales para dar cuenta de los VPS presentes. Con el propósito de analizar los vectores de producción de sentido que predominan en los testimonios publicitarios de los instagramers, objetivo general del estudio, se procede a determinar los VPS presentes en los testimonios publicitarios de los instagramers y luego identificar sus características. Al completarse el proceso de análisis, se concluye por los resultados obtenidos que el ello objetivado, la subordinación y la yuxtaposición son los VPS que predominan pues favorecen la configuración de testimonios publicitarios estandarizados y comprensibles al público que consume los productos de Manimar y Grande Semilla.
Covid-19 Sürecinde Hemşirelerin Sağlık Anksiyete Düzeylerini Etkileyen Faktörlerin Belirlenmesi
Authors: GÜLBETEKİN Eda , GÜL CAN Fatma , TUNÇ Yunus
Published: February 2022

Araştırmanın amacı, Covid-19 sürecinde hemşirelerin sağlık anksiyete düzeylerini etkileyen faktörleri belirlemektir. Tanımlayıcı tipte olan araştırma, İl Sağlık Müdürlüğü bünyesindeki yataklı tedavi kurumları ve toplum sağlığı merkezinde, 1 Haziran-30 Temmuz 2020 tarihleri arasında, yapıldı. Araştırmanın örneklemini; belirtilen kurumlara kayıtlı 150 hemşire oluşturdu. Verilerin toplanmasında, Demografik Bilgi Formu ve Sağlık Anksiyetesi Envanteri kullanıldı. Veriler, bilgisayar ortamında, tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Mann Whitney U Testi ve Kruskal Wallis Testi kullanılarak analiz edildi. Araştırmaya katılan hemşirelerin, %38,7’si 20-25 yaş aralığında, %83,3’ü çekirdek aile tipine sahip, %72,7’si lisans mezunu, %54’ünün geliri giderine denk, %59.3’ünün bekar olduğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca %64,7’sinin çocuğu yoktur ve %56’sı 0-5 yıl arasında bir deneyime sahiptir. COVİD’li hastaya bakma durumuna bakıldığında, hemşirelerin %48’i COVİD’li bir hastaya bakım verdiğini belirtmiştir. Çalışma sürecinde virüsle ilgili hissedilen duruma bakıldığında, %49,3’ünün anksiyete hissettiği belirlendi. Hemşirelerin yaşının, gelir durumunun ve çalışma sürecinde hissedilen durumun sağlık algısını etkilediği saptanmıştır (P < 0.05). Bu çalışmada, hemşirelerin sağlık anksiyetesi durumunun yaşa, gelir durumuna ve çalışma sürecinde hisettikleri duruma göre farklılık gösterdiği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Surgical Nurses’ Pain Related Knowledge, Attitude and Clinical Decision Making Skills
Authors: DOĞAN Runida
Published: February 2022

Objective: To examine the knowledge, behavior, and clinical decision-making abilities of surgical nurses.Methods: The research was conducted in 95 surgical nurses working in a state and a university hospital. Data were collected using A Personal Information Form, the Pain Questionnaire, and the Clinical Decision Making Questionnaire in February 2018-July 2020. Data analysis was performed with SPSS 25 and legal permissions were obtained.Results: The statement “In cases where the necessary information about the surgery to be performed is not given, the severity of postoperative pain increases with increasing anxiety” received the highest number of correct answers (88.4%), while the statement “Opioids should not be given to patients with a substance abuse history because these patients are at high risk for recurrent addiction” received the least number of correct answers (7.4%). It was determined that 57.9% of the nurses observed the patient's behaviors to describe pain severity, and 76.8% of them used a pain scale in pain assessment. Of the nurses, 93.7% stated that the most commonly used pain relievers in their clinics were non-opioid drugs.Conclusion: It is noteworthy that the surgical nurses in this study had inaccurate/incomplete information about the use of pain scales and placebo, drug/opioid side effects, and non-pharmacological interventions. Furthermore, it was found that nurses experienced ethical dilemmas due to the risk of respiratory depression. Therefore, it is recommended to review the knowledge/practices related to pain management during nursing education/in-service training in order to increase the quality of pain management in surgical nurses.
Cross-cultural Adaptation and Validation of the European Portuguese Version of the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI)
Authors: Torres Rui Manuel , Faria Sara Isabel , Cavalheiro Luís Manuel , Lopes Ferreira Pedro , Soles Gonçalves Rui
Published: February 2022

Introduction: The Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI) is a self-administered questionnaire specifically used to determine the impact of shoulder instability on quality of life. The aim of this study was to translate the WOSI into European Portuguese and analyze its validity and reliability in a population with shoulder instability.Material and Methods: The WOSI was translated and culturally adapted from its original version into European Portuguese (WOSIPT). Internal consistency and test-retest analyses were conducted to determine the level of reliability of the scale. WOSI-PT, Quick-DASH, and SF-12 questionnaires were applied to 81 patients with symptomatic shoulder instability to assess validity, and reliability was tested by randomly selecting 50 patients within 72 hours using a test-retest design.Results: The reliability of the WOSI-PT was very high, with Cronbach´s alpha equal to 0.97 and an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.98. Regarding the construct validity, the correlation between the WOSI-PT and QuickDASH was high and negative (-0.79). The correlations between WOSI-PT and SF-12 were positive, respectively, moderate with physical (0.66) and low with mental (0.34) health.Conclusion: WOSI-PT is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing the functional impact of shoulder joint instability on quality of life.
Ressignificação do e-book por meio da literaturalização das ciências
Authors: Backes Luciana , Vaz Douglas , Oliveira Gabrielly Da Boit de
Published: February 2022

O artigo reflete sobre o material educativo digital desenvolvido para o curso de Pedagogia da Universidade La Salle - Canoas. Essa proposta emerge das experiências vivenciadas pelos autores em disciplinas ofertadas na modalidade a distância. Para superar as dificuldades evidenciadas nas experiências anteriores, considerando o contexto da cibercultura encontramos como possibilidade a literaturalização das ciências, na construção do E-book Educação, Tecnologias e Cibercultura. A reflexão, desenvolvida no grupo de pesquisa COTEDIC UNILASALLE/CNPq, objetiva compreender a estrutura utilizada na construção do E-book para o curso de Pedagogia e identificar as contribuições para aprendizagem dos estudantes. A pesquisa de natureza qualitativa foi desenvolvida na metodologia de Estudo de Caso, com os instrumentos: E-book, tecnologias de compartilhamento e comunicação e ambiente virtual de aprendizagem, ou seja, os registros das ações dos estudantes. A partir dos dados empíricos evidenciamos na literaturalização das ciências possibilidades de estabelecer metáforas para a construção do conhecimento. Assim como, a utilização da história para contextualizar esses conhecimentos, problematizá-los por meio dos personagens e explorar a representação da imersão. Destacamos, a necessidade de ressignificar as práticas pedagógicas em congruência com o contexto contemporâneo e intensificar a mediação pedagógica na Educação On-line.
A construção do campo epistemológico da pedagogia universitária no Brasil
Authors: Queiros Gean Breda , Aroeira Kalline  Pereira
Published: February 2022

O objetivo desse ensaio é dialogar sobre a construção do campo epistemológico da Pedagogia Universitária no Brasil desde a década de 1960 até hoje. Diante dos atuais acontecimentos que modificaram a forma estrutural das aulas universitárias, de presenciais para remotas, por conta de uma crise sanitária mundial, apontamos caminhos pelos quais está passando e como atuar frente aos novos desafios e embates contemporâneos impostos à sua trajetória ao longo dos anos. De natureza descritiva e documental, apresenta referenciais teóricos específicos da área que tematizam e embasam as reflexões aqui assumidas. Em tempos de resistência, seu caráter peculiar aponta para a necessidade ética e filosófica de uma docência conectada, compartilhada e direta entre professores, alunos e instituição de educação superior e não aulas gravadas e desconectadas, rompendo com a lógica do sistema mercantil capitalista e neoliberal. É preciso compreender a pedagogia como ciência da educação para dar conta dos impasses que as universidades estão passando nesse início de século e com esses, a Pedagogia Universitária, como objeto de estudo, constitui a base de uma arquitetura junto as suas características determinantes que fundamenta o ensino na educação superior, a didática e a formação e desenvolvimento profissional docente.
Manual de educação internacional
Authors: Oviedo Lourdes Evangelina Zilberberg
Published: February 2022

A resenha trata do libro denominado: The International Education Handbook: Principles and Practices of the Field, da pesquisadora norte-americana Katherine Punteney, que tem se tornado referência para os educadores, que desejam conhecer o panorama da educação superior internacional, bem como, entender as principais tendências do setor e aprender sobre as práticas desenvolvidas em outros sistemas educativos que podem ser aplicadas à realidade local. São 405 páginas, distribuídas em 10 capítulos a seguir: Tendências da Educação Internacional; Competências Globais; Internacionalização; Educação Transnacional; Aprendizagem Experiencial; Gestão da Matrícula de Estudantes Internacionais; Serviços Prestados aos Discentes e Docentes Internacionais; Escolas Internacionais; Diplomacia Cidadã e Tópicos Relacionados.
Bazı Yonca (Medicago sativa L.) Çeşitlerinin Ot Verimi ve Kalite Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: Erbeyi Betül , Erol Sebiha , Budaklı Çarpıcı Emine
Published: February 2022

Bu araştırma, Bursa ekolojik koşullarında bazı yonca çeşitlerinin ot verimi ve kalite özelliklerini belirlemek
amacıyla 2015-2017 yılları arasında yürütülmüştür. Denemede Alsancak, Bilensoy-80, Diane, İside, Özpınar ve Prosementi çeşitleri ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada yonca çeşitlerinde ana sap uzunluğu, ana sap çapı, kuru ot verimi, ham protein oranı, ham protein verimi, ADF ve NDF içeriği gibi özellikler incelenmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre; denemenin ikinci ve üçüncü yıllarında en yüksek kuru ot verimleri sırasıyla 1830.6 kg da-1 ve 1559.2 kg da-1 ile İside çeşidinden elde edilmiştir. Denemede kullanılan bu çeşidin ham protein verimleri de aynı yıllarda diğer çeşitlerden daha yüksek olmuştur. Araştırma elde edilen sonuçlara göre, yüksek verim ve kalite açısından Bursa ve benzer ekolojik koşullarda İside, Bilensoy-80 ve Alsancak çeşitlerinin yetiştirilebileceği belirlenmiştir.
IMEMO in the First Part of the 2000s (HR and Organizational Issues)
Authors: Cherkasov P.
Published: February 2022

The article is dedicated to the events in IMEMO in the first half of the 2000s, associated with the activities of the Academician Nodari Simoniya, the new director of the Institute. In 2002, Simoniya added Gennadii Chufrin to his team as one of his deputy directors. In 2002, the editor-in-chief of the “World Economy and International Relations” journal was replaced. After the death of German Diligenskii, who had been heading the journal since 1988, the well-known political scientist Andrei Ryabov became the new editor-in-chief. He managed to preserve the best traditions laid down by his predecessor. The article also traces the main measures for the partial reorganization of the Institute’s structure, carried out by the Academician Simoniya in 2001–2006. The author reveals the substance of this reorganization aimed at concentrating the efforts of the IMEMO research team on the study of the most pressing and important problems of the contemporary world. One of the important decisions was the creation of the Center for Energy Problems headed by the Director of the Institute. The emergence of this research unit was the result of numerous requests received by the Institute from government agencies and economic structures, which wanted to have qualified expert assessments in this area. Therefore, it was decided to concentrate research on energy problems in one Center. Several previously existing research subdivisions also underwent reorganization: the Department of Developing Countries, which studied the Third world, was transformed into the Center for Development and Modernization Problems, where, among other things, Russia’s problems were addressed; the Department studying the internal political processes in Western countries was transformed into the Center for Socio-Economic and Socio-Political Studies of Western Countries and Russia. The Department of North American Studies, the Department of International Political Problems, the Department of Global Economic Problems and Foreign Economic Policy, and the Center for Asia-Pacific Studies were reorganized as well in order to actualize their studies. The measures for the partial reorganization of IMEMO were explained not only by considerations of research expediency, but also by the increasingly insistent demands of the government to reduce the number of employees of academic institutes in the system of the Russian Academy of Sciences. By the end of 2006, there was a slight decrease in the number of doctors of sciences at the Institute in comparison with 2001. This was largely due to objective reasons – retirement or death of senior researchers. But at the same time, there was a significant influx of young people into the postgraduate school. In general, the management of IMEMO succeeded in preserving human resources and academic potential of the Institute.
Modern Migration Processes in Ireland
Authors: Shchedrin A. , Trofimova O.
Published: February 2022

The article is devoted to modern migration processes in Ireland. The growing Irish economy and its positive international reputation have maintained the attractiveness of the country to migrants seeking to work, study and settle here. In recent years, there has been a large increase in people choosing to become Irish citizens and, in addition, the numbers of second generation migrants continue to grow. The authors explain why Ireland does not suffer from the migration crisis in the European Union, and analyze peculiarities of migration processes in this country. The main attention is paid to immigration, but the authors also consider the dynamics of migration and underline that for many years, Ireland has been a country of emigrants. Both migration inflows and outflows are sensitive to the Irish economy and contribute to its downturn, but at the same time, such migratory flows change rapidly, sometimes in an independent way in relation to the economic recovery. Evidences are presented that labor migration is predominant in Ireland, and correlation is established between migration flows and the state of economy. The authors analyze the national composition of migration inflows, the role and place of migrants of different national and ethnical origins at the labor market and in the economy in general, underline a special position of immigrants of the Irish origin. The return flows of Irish migrants are viewed in the historical context. Ireland’s policy on refugees, participation in international and EU programs of relocation and resettlement of refugees are considered as well. Some aspects of the economic migration policy conducted by the Irish government are examined. In conclusion, the authors consider in brief the Ireland’s state policy for integration of immigrants into the economic, social and political life of the country.
A Comprehensive Study of Artificial Intelligence Applications for Soil Temperature Prediction
Authors: Imanian Hanifeh , Hiedra Cobo Juan , Payeur Pierre , Shirkhani Hamidreza , Mohammadian Abdolmajid
Published: February 2022

Soil temperature is a fundamental parameter in water resources and engineering. A cost-effective model which can forecast soil temperature accurately is extensively needed. Recently, many studies have applied artificial intelligence (AI) at both surface and underground levels for soil temperature prediction. However, there is no comprehensive and detailed assessment of the performance of different AI approaches in soil temperature estimation, and primarily limited atmospheric variables are used as input data for AI models. In the present study, great varieties of various land and atmospheric variables are applied to evaluate the performance of a wide range of AI methods on soil temperature prediction. Herein, thirteen approaches, from classic regressions to well-established methods of random forest and gradient boosting to advanced AI techniques like multi-layer perceptron and deep learning are taken into account. The results show that AI is a promising approach in climate parameter forecast and deep learning demonstrates the best performance among other models. It has the highest R-squared ranging from 0.957 to 0.980, the lowest NRMSE ranging from 2.237% to 3.287% and the lowest MAE, ranging from 0.510 to 0.743 in predicting soil temperature. The prediction is repeated for different sizes of data, and prediction outcomes confirm the conclusion mentioned above.
Read the Signs: Detecting Early Warning Signals of Interreligious Conflict
Authors: Ochs Peter , Fahim Essam , Pinzon Paola
Published: February 2022

Building on recent directions in religion-related social and political science, our essay addresses a need for location-specific and religion-specific scientific research that might contribute directly to local and regional interreligious peacemaking. Over the past 11 years, our US-Pakistani research team has conducted research of this kind: a social scientific method for diagnosing the probable near-future behavior of religious stakeholder groups toward other groups. Integrating features of ethnography, linguistics, and semiotics, the method enables researchers to read a range of ethno-linguistic signals that appear uniquely in the discourses of religious groups. Examining the results, we observe, firstly, that our religion and location-specific science identifies features of religious group behavior that are inevident in broader, social scientific studies of religion and conflict; we observe, secondly, that our science integrates constative and performative elements: it seeks facts and it serves a purpose. We conclude that strictly constative, fact-driven sciences may fail to detect certain crucial features of religious stakeholder group behavior.
From the Structural and (Dys)function of ATP Synthase to Deficiency in Age-Related Diseases
Authors: Garone Caterina , Pietra Andrea , Nesci Salvatore
Published: February 2022

The ATP synthase is a mitochondrial complex embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The enzyme is under the double genetic control of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and nuclear DNA (nDNA). Fatal human diseases have been associated with defects in ATP synthase (Complex V) activity linked to mtDNA or nDNA pathogenetic variants in genes encoding structural subunits or assembly factors. Mitochondrial post-translational modifications of key amino acids, reduced/increased subunit expression, or protein to protein ATP synthase interaction, are also some of the mechanisms involved in the age-related disease pathway. All the major neurodegenerative diseases: Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s and motor neuron diseases such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis highlight an impaired ATP generation in a mechanism involving the permeability transition pore that triggers a cellular homeostasis failure responsible for different forms of regulated cell death. In this review, we will explore ATP synthase assembly and function in physiological and pathological conditions by referring to the recent cryo-EM studies and by exploring human diseases models.
PENILAIAN BAHAN AJAR MODUL DESAIN BUSANA MATERI STYLE (GAYA BUSANA)
Authors: Ulina Mahraz Enge , Suliyanthini Dewi , Wesnina Wesnina
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penilaian bahan ajar berbentuk modul dengan materi style (Gaya Busana). Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian dengan teknik analisis data Kuantitatif Deskriptif, pre-eksperimen dengan one shut case study menggunakan variable tunggal yaitu variable modul desain busana materi gaya busana. Dengan indikator penelitian aspek materi, aspek penyajian, aspek kebahasaan, pembelajaran diri sendiri (self instruvtion), satu kesatuan (self contained), berdiri sendiri (stand alone), penyesuaian diri (adaptive), dan ramah penggun (user friendly) menggunakan instrument kuesioner (angket) tertutup-terbuka dengan jawaban panelis untuk data pendukung sebagai teknik pengumpulan data. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa secara keseluruhan penilaian modul Desain Busana Materi Style (Gaya Busana) berdasarkan ahli materi dan ahli media berada pada kategori sangat baik sebesar 82,5%. Prosentase kelayakan materi 82% dimana perolehan tertinggi pada aspek penyajian dengan prosentase 87,5%, dikategorikan Sangat Baik. Aspek media sebesar 82,81% dimana perolehan tertinggi pada aspek berdiri sendiri (Stand Alone) sebesar 87,5%, dan pada aspek mudah digunakan (User Friendly) dengan prosentase 87,5%. Modul dapat dikatakan baik karena modul desain busana materi style (gaya busana sudah memenuhi kriteria berdasarkan ahli materi dan ahli media. Aspek berdiri sendiri (stand alone) dan aspek mudah digunakan (user friendly) adalah aspek tertinggi yang mempengaruhi hasil penelitian ini.
Sampling interplanetary dust from Antarctic air
Authors: Taylor S. , Lever J. , Burgess K. , Stroud R. , Brownlee D. , Nittler L. , Bardyn A. , Alexander C. , Farley K. , Treffkorn J. , Messenger S. , Wozniakiewicz P.
Published: February 2022

We built a collector to filter interplanetary dust particles (IDPs) larger than 5 µm from the clean air at the Amundsen Scott South Pole station. Our sampling strategy used long duration, continuous dry filtering of near-surface air in place of short duration, high-speed impact collection on flags flown in the stratosphere. We filtered ~107 m³ of clean Antarctic air through 20 cm diameter, 3 µm filters coupled to a suction blower of modest power consumption (5–6 kW). Our collector ran continuously for 2 years and yielded 41 filters for analyses. Based on stratospheric concentrations, we predicted that each month’s collection would provide 300–900 IDPs for analysis. We identified 19 extraterrestrial (ET) particles on the 66 cm² of filter examined, which represented ~0.5% of the exposed filter surfaces. The 11 ET particles larger than 5 µm yield about a fifth of the expected flux based on >5 µm stratospheric ET particle flux. Of the 19 ET particles identified, four were chondritic porous IDPs, seven were FeNiS beads, two were FeNi grains, and six were chondritic material with FeNiS components. Most were <10 µm in diameter and none were cluster particles. Additionally, a carbon-rich candidate particle was found to have a small ¹⁵N isotopic enrichment, supporting an ET origin. Many other candidate grains, including chondritic glasses and C-rich particles with Mg and Si and FeS grains, require further analysis to determine if they are ET. The vast majority of exposed filter surfaces remain to be examined.
Fiqh Across Madhhabs: An Alternative to Pesantren Students’ School of Thought Exclusivism in the Post-Truth Era
Authors: Muhammad Daud Zakiul Fuady
Published: February 2022

The schools of thought (madhhabs) within fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) are one of the ijtihad products explored by qualified Muslim jurists by using a particular methodology to produce Islamic laws, which Muslims then follow. The problem with established madhhabs in Islamic law is when a madhhab follower becomes exclusive and does not want to accept the differences of opinion. Islamic boarding schools (Pesantren) are a medium for developing a deep understanding of Islam and, thus, play an important role in reconstructing the learning of inclusive fiqh. This article aims to explain the meaning of the school of Islamic law exclusivism, solutions, and their impact in the post-truth era. It indicates that the school of Islamic law exclusivism is a form of madhhab fanaticism that only teaches and applies certain madhhab to influence the self-justification of their madhhab and considers those who are different from it are wrong. Hence, this article argues that fiqh-across-madhhab learning is the solution since students are taught all schools of Islamic law, the causes of their differences, and the basis for the arguments used by each eponymous madhhab (Imam). As a result, there will be developed an inclusive understanding in accepting the truth and does not make individuals fanatical and radical in religion.
Variation Law of Air Temperature of a High-Geotemperature Tunnel during the Construction
Authors: Wen Tao , Hu Zheng , Wang Yankun , Zhang Zihan
Published: February 2022

High geotemperature seriously impacts personnel and equipment during railway and expressway tunnel construction. In this study, the Nige tunnel in the expressway from Gejiu to Yuanyang in Honghe Prefecture was used as an example. Firstly, automatic temperature recording devices were used to monitor the variation characteristics of the tunnel temperature. Afterward, the variation characteristics of the temperature at 5-10 days and 150 days after tunnel’s completion were revealed. The results showed that the evolution laws of air temperature in each stage could be revealed by logarithmic functions of increasing type and decreasing type. Based on the monitoring over 5-10 days after tunnel’s completion, the temperature range was 26-44°C, and the highest temperature in the tunnel is located near the middle of the tunnel. The temperature fluctuation near the tunnel entrance is relatively small, while it fluctuates greatly near the tunnel exit. Based on the monitoring over 150 days, the air temperature was maintained between 16 and 31°C. The temperature near the tunnel entrance was high, while the temperature near the tunnel exit was low. The performance had a guiding significance for the design and construction of the high-geotemperature tunnel.
Risk Assessment of Water Inrush in Coal Mine through Fault Based on Forchheimer and Non-Darcy Flows
Authors: Hou Peng , Liu Zhifan , Xue Yi , Wang Linchao , Liang Xin , Jiao Xuanye
Published: February 2022

Fault water inrush accident in coal mine construction is a serious hydrogeological disaster, which seriously endangers the safe operation of underground engineering. In the process of mining coal resources in Western China, a large number of serious mine water inrush accidents have occurred. Based on the investigation of geological conditions of fault in the Pingdingshan coal mine, the coupling model of the Darcy laminar flow and Brinkman flow is used to analyze the water inrush mechanism of a fault. On this basis, considering the higher permeability and water inrush rate, the Brinkman flow may not be used to simulate the nonlinear flow mechanism at the fault. Two improved models, the Brinkman equation and Forchheimer equation are used to analyze the mechanism of water inrush. Based on the two-dimensional finite element method, the process of water inrush into the water inrush zone is analyzed. The pressure and velocity nephogram under different conditions and the evolution characteristics of non-Darcy effect influence coefficient of fault water inrush are analyzed through parameter study. Based on the different permeability variation coefficients ξ (the ratio of fault permeability kF to aquifer constant permeability kA) and different fluid flow field changes, the Fletcher number and flow rate are compared with the theoretical data.
Efforts to Revitalize Student Learning Motivation After the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Dedi Riyan Rizaldi  , Muhamad Zaenudin  , Ziadatul Fatimah  , Asep L Hamdun Ahmad  , Heru Setiawan  , Aris Doyan  , Muh. Makhrus
Published: February 2022

Abstract
 
 
This study aims to regenerate and increase students' learning motivation after experiencing a long learning process from home due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic through Training for Leaders and Herbalists (TRALIS). This study uses a qualitative approach, namely the type of field research (Field Research) by focusing on the observation method. The object of this research is all students of class XII in the Department of Religion at Madrasah Aliyah Plus Nurul Islam Sekarbela with a total of 31 students. Based on the activities that have been carried out, Training for Leaders and Herbalists (TRALIS) is one form of positive activity that is very important given to students to revive enthusiasm for participating in teaching and learning activities in madrasas. This activity provides many new changes for students during the learning process including students having a strong sense of desire to participate in every activity carried out, increasing self-confidence which is seen through the attitude of students who are not afraid to appear in front of the class and express opinions during the class discussion process.
 
Keywords: Post COVID-19 Pandemic, Learning motivation, Training for Leaders and Herbalists (TRALIS)
Recurrent pregnancy loss is associated with unfavourable composition of endometrial and vaginal microbiota.
Authors: Peuranpää Pirkko
Published: February 2022

Research Question Does endometrial or vaginal microbiota composition associate with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL)?Design Endometrial and vaginal samples were collected from 47 women with two or more consecutive pregnancy losses and 39 healthy control women without a history of pregnancy loss between March 2018 and December 2020 in Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. The endometrial and vaginal microbiota compositions, analysed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, were compared between RPL and control women, and between individual vaginal and endometrial samples. The mycobiota composition was analysed using internal transcribed spacer 1 amplicon sequencing for a descriptive summary. The models were adjusted for BMI, age, and parity. False discovery rate -corrected P-values (q-values) were used to define nominal statistical significance at q < 0.05. Results Lactobacillus crispatus was less abundant in the RPL women’s endometrial samples compared to controls (mean relative abundance 17.2% vs. 45.6%, q = 0.04). Gardnerella vaginalis was more abundant in RPL women than in controls in both endometrial (12.4% vs. 5.8%, q < 0.001) and vaginal samples (8.7% vs. 5.7%, q < 0.01). The individual vaginal and endometrial microbial compositions correlated strongly (R = 0.85, P < 0.001). Fungi were detected in 22% of the endometrial and 36% of the vaginal samples. Conclusions Unfavourable reproductive tract microbiota is associated with RPL and may represent a novel risk factor for pregnancy losses.
Assessment of Contextual Factors Shaping Delivery and Uptake of Isoniazid Preventive Therapy Among People Living with HIV in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.
Authors: Nyarubamba Renatus Fabiano , Silumbwe Adam , Jacobs Choolwe , Maritim Patricia , M Paschal Francis , Zulu Joseph Mumba
Published: February 2022

Background Tuberculosis has remained a leading cause of deaths among People Living with HIV (PLHIV) globally. Isoniazid Preventive Therapy is the recommended strategy by the WHO to prevent TB disease and related deaths among PLHIV. However, delivery and uptake of IPT has remained suboptimal particularly in countries where HIV and TB are endemic such as Tanzania. The study sought to assess contextual factors that shape delivery of IPT in Dar Es Salaam region, Tanzania. MethodologyA qualitative case study design was utilized whereby, in-depth interviews (n=26 ) of clinicians and people living with HIV and Key Informat Interviews (n=7) involving health administrators, were conducted. Thematic data analysis was done and reporting was guided by Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Results Characteristics of intervention such as its adaptability to local contexts and relatively low cost of implementation facilitated its implementation. IPT was outsourced but this did not affect its implementation. On the contrary adverse effects of isoniazid that negatively affected implementation. Characteristics of individuals implementing the intervention including good knowledge and attitude towards IPT, commitment and efficacy of execution facilitated implementation. The process of IPT delivery that was characterized by engagement of stakeholders and implementors in planning facilitated implementation. Inner settings characteristics like connectedness among units, availability of resources and good implementation climate favoured implementation. Factors external to the implementing facilities such as networking of, and competitive pressure among facilities influenced delivery and uptake of IPT while HIV related stigma and some religious values stood as barriers.ConclusionAddressing policy related, procedural and individual barriers of IPT implementation at all levels of implementation is critical to effective implementation of this important intervention and ensuring all eligible people living with HIV are covered by IPT.
Preparation, characterrization, and in-vitro cytotoxicity of nanoliposomes loaded with anti-tuberculous drugs and TGF-β1 siRNA for improving spinal tuberculosis therapy
Authors: Yang Zongqiang , Niu Ningkui , Lou Caili , Wang Xuewei , Wang Chaoran , Shi Zhiyun
Published: February 2022

Background:Tuberculosis (TB) represents a bacterial infection affecting many individuals each year and potentially leading to death. Over expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 has a major immunomodulatory function in human tuberculosis. This work aimed to develop nanoliposomes to facilitate the delivery of antituberculous products to THP-1-derived human macrophages as Mycobacterium host cells, and to evaluate drug efficiencies as well as the effects of a TGF-β1-specific short interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery system employing nanoliposomes.Methods: In the current study, siTGF-β1 nanoliposomes loaded with the anti-TB drugs HRZ (isoniazid, rifampicin and pyrazinamide) were prepared, and characterized in vitro, determining the size, zeta potential, morphology, drug encapsulation efficiency (EE), cytotoxicity, and gene silencing efficiency of TGF-β1 siRNA. Results: HRZ/siTGF-β1 nanoliposomes appeared as smooth spheres showing size and positive zeta potential of 168.135±0.5444 nm and +4.03±1.32 mV, respectively. Drug EEs were 90%, 88%, and 37% for INH, RIF, and PZA, respectively. Meanwhile, the nanoliposomes were weakly cytotoxic towards human macrophages as assessed by the MTT assay. Nanoliposomal siTGF-β1 could significantly downregulate TGF-β1 in THP-1-derived human macrophages in vitro. Conclusion: These ﬁndings suggested that HRZ-loaded nanoliposomes with siTGF-β1 have the potential for improving spinal tuberculosis chemotherapy via nano-encapsulation of anti-TB drugs.
A Novel AI Program to Detect COVID-19 Pneumonia and the Distribution of Affected Loci
Authors: Sazuka Manami , Yamamoto Hiroshi , Unno Yasushi , Tokumaru Aya M. , Toba Kenji , Ito Hideki
Published: February 2022

BackgroundChest computed tomography findings are beneficial for diagnosing COVID-19 pneumonia. However, few respiratory physicians and diagnostic radiologists can evaluate these computed tomography images. We investigated whether the artificial intelligence program InferRead™ CT Pneumonia is useful for detecting COVID-19 pneumonia and whether its affected volume distribution can aid in detecting COVID-19.MethodsFrom July 18 to August 17, 2021, chest computed tomography scans of 79 of 217 SARS-CoV-2-positive and 90 of 1094 negative patients were analyzed by the AI program. We evaluated the performance of the program in diagnosing SARS-CoV-2. We also calculated the volume of interest in each lung lobe.ResultsThe sensitivity and specificity of InferRead™ CT Pneumonia for the detection of SARS-CoV-2-positive status were 0.797 (95% CI: 0.692–0.880) and 0.644 (95% CI: 0.537–0.743), respectively. The agreement between the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia by the program and that of two respiratory specialists was satisfactory high (respiratory specialist A: κ = 0.817, respiratory specialist B: κ = 0.890). On the other hand, in SARS-CoV-2 negative cases, the results showed low concordance. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the odds ratio of age for the inconsistency in SARS-CoV-2 negative cases with specialist A and B was 1.030 (95% CI, 0.997–1.070; P = 0.077) and 1.060 (95% CI, 1.020–1.110; P = 0.007), respectively. The median volume of interest for the lower lung lobes was particularly high: 11.52% in the right lower lobe (IQR: 4.08–26.99) and 7.16% in the left lower lobe (IQR: 2.27–20.04). In contrast, the right middle lobe showed relatively low (0.16%, IQR: 0.00–5.04), and a significant difference between affected lobes was detected (P < 0.001).ConclusionsInferRead™ CT Pneumonia is useful for detecting COVID-19 pneumonia especially in SARS-CoV-2-positive cases, and its affected volume distribution can aid in detecting COVID-19 pneumonia.
The possibility of a novel warm-up strategy using capacitive and resistive electric transfer
Authors: wachi michio , Jiroumaru Takumi , Satonaka Ayako , Ikeya Masae , Yasumasa Oka , Fujikawa Takamitsu
Published: February 2022

Background: Capacitive and resistive electric transfer (CRET) is becoming popular in sports settings. Although CRET is effective for improving pain and healing injured tissues, its influence on muscle function and morphology is still unclear. This study confirmed the immediate effects of CRET on the duration of muscular stiffness and the range of motion (ROM). Methods: This paper describes the protocol for a single arm trial with non-blinding of participants and researcher. Twenty-four healthy men participated in the study. They received CRET therapy for their lower back areas. The muscular stiffness of the multifidus muscle (superficial and deep) and the ROM using the active straight leg raise (ASLR) test were measured pre-intervention, post-intervention (immediately), and 15 minutes and 30 minutes post-intervention. We compared these parameters with one-way analysis of variance and Dunnett’s test (multiple comparison tests for subtests). Results: The muscular stiffness of the superficial and deep multifidus muscles became significantly lesser, and the ASLR test showed a significant increase compared to that obtained at pre-intervention. In addition, these effects persisted for 30 minutes. Conclusions: Warm-up is vital for improving muscular stiffness and for increasing the ROM. CRET is a useful device to achieve these aims as a passive warm-up method in sports settings.Trial registration number: UMIN000046304. Registered 7 December 2021 - Retrospectively registered, https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000052845
Biologics did not reduce surgery rate but prolonged remission duration in patients with ulcerative colitis: analysis of a large retrospective Japanese cohort
Authors: Yokoyama Yuya , Ohta Yuki , Ogasawara Sadahisa , Kato Jun , Arai Ryoko , Koseki Hirotaka , Saito Masaya , Kaneko Tatsuya , Tokunaga Mamoru , Oura Hirotaka , Oike Tsubasa , Imai Yushi , Kanayama Kengo , Akizue Naoki , Kumagai Junichiro , Taida Takashi , Okimoto Kenichiro , Saito Keiko , Ooka Yoshihiko , Matsumura Tomoaki , Nakagawa Tomoo , Arai Makoto , Katsuno Tatsuro , Fukuda Yoshihiro , Kitsukawa Yoshio , Kato Naoya
Published: February 2022

Objective: To gain better understanding of the effects of biologics, we evaluated clinical outcomes in patients with moderate to severe exacerbations of ulcerative colitis (UC).Methods: This retrospective, multicenter study retrieved the entire clinical courses of UC patients who began treatments between 2004 and 2018. All exacerbations and clinical parameters, including treatment details for exacerbations and both remission and re-exacerbation dates, were identified during the observation period. Two different endpoints, the cumulative incidence rates of surgical resection and re-exacerbation, were evaluated separately in moderate to severe exacerbation events.Results: Among 1401 patients, 1626 exacerbation events were determined according to a partial Mayo score (remission: <2, mild: 2–4, moderate: 5–7, and severe: >7). During the observation period, as administration rates of biologics increased, both surgical resection and hospitalization rates decreased, for 959 moderate to severe exacerbation events. We confirmed that biologics significantly reduced the cumulative re-exacerbation rate in moderate to severe exacerbation events during the study period compared with suboptimal therapies (a 0.507-fold decrease risk according to COX regression analysis, P <0.001). However, they had not enough impact in reducing the cumulative incidence rate of surgical resection in moderate to severe exacerbation events that were corticosteroid-refractory or dependent (a 0.878-fold decrease risk according to COX regression analysis, P = 0.606).Conclusions: Biologics may improve remission duration, but these agents had no significant impact in reducing the risk of surgical resection in moderate to severe active UC.
Protective potential of piroxicam on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells against suppressive capacity of U-87 MG cell line
Authors: Abdesheikhi Jahangir , Sedghy Farnaz , Farsinejad Alireza , Mahmoudi Merat , ranjkesh Mehdi
Published: February 2022

Background: Dexamethasone, a common medication used in the treatment regimen of glioblastoma, has broad inhibitory effects on the immune responses. Here in an in vitro study, we examined the effects of piroxicam, a potent substitute for dexamethasone, on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) co-cultured with U-87 MG glioblastoma cell line.Methods: MTT assay was used to determine the proliferation of PBMCs treated with piroxicam, or dexamethasone. In addition, oxidative parameters, including superoxide dismutase-3 (SOD3) activity and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, as well as IFN-γ and TGF-β levels were measured in PBMCs alone or the presence of U-87 MG cells using ELISA. Results: unlike dexamethasone, piroxicam showed a protective effect on PBMCs against U-87 MG cell line. Furthermore, while dexamethasone reduced the proliferation of PBMCs, piroxicam had no adverse effect on the proliferation. LDH activity was also lower in piroxicam-treated U-87 MG cells; interestingly, after co-culturing piroxicam-treated PBMCs with U-87 MG cell line, a remarkable rise in the LDH activity was observed. Although not significant, piroxicam partially decreased TGF-β levels in U-87 cells. Conclusion: our findings suggested a protective effect of piroxicam, but not dexamethasone, on PBMCs against inhibitory mechanisms of the U-87 MG cell line.
An ANN-based advancing double-front method for automatic isotropic triangle generation
Authors: Lu Peng , Wang Nianhua , Chang Xinghua , Zhang Laiping , Wu Yadong , Zhang Hongying
Published: February 2022

The advancing front method (AFM) is one of the widely used unstructured grid generation techniques. However, the efficiency is low due to the fact that only one cell is generated in the advancing procedure. In this work, a novel automatic isotropic triangle generation technique is developed by introducing an artificial neural network (ANN) based advancing double-front method (ADFM) to improve the mesh generation efficiency. First, an initial isotropic triangular mesh is generated by the traditional mesh generation method as the training set of ANN. Second, the ADFM is presented in detail to improve the advancing efficiency, including the structure of the ANN to distinguish the different patterns in the advancing procedure. Finally, several typical cases are tested to validate the effectiveness. The experimental results show that the ANN can accurately identify mesh generation patterns, and the mesh generation efficiency is 50% higher than that of the traditional single-front AFM.
Aberrant p53 expression in metastatic lymph nodes is a significant predictor of recurrence in stage IIIC endometrial cancer
Authors: Okamoto Kazuhiro , Nakamura Keiichiro , Haraga Junko , Masuyama Hisashi
Published: February 2022

In endometrial cancer (EC), lymph node (LN) metastasis significantly impacts prognosis. In this study, the clinicopathological and molecular characteristics of 33 patients with EC with regional LN metastasis (FIGO stage IIIC) were investigated. We evaluated the mutational status of p53 and DNA mismatch repair (MMR) proteins in positive LNs (102 lesions), mutational variation between primary and paired metastatic lesions, inter-lesion heterogeneity in the metastatic lesions, and their association with clinical outcomes. Immunohistochemically, 13 patients (39.4%) displayed aberrant p53 expression in metastatic lesions, and a concordant rate of 93.4% was found between the primary and metastatic lesions. Genetic diversity between primary and metastatic lesions and among metastases was validated by evaluating p53 and MMR proteins. In Kaplan–Meier analysis, patients with aberrant p53 expression in metastatic LNs exhibited worse progression-free survival (PFS) than those with wild-type expression (p=0.024). Aberrant expression of p53 in the primary lesion did not show a significant difference in PFS compared with wild-type expression. In Cox univariate analysis, only p53 expression in metastatic LNs was significantly associated with recurrence (p=0.031). In conclusion, p53 expression in metastatic LNs is an independent and superior predictor of PFS in patients with EC with regional LN metastasis.
Confronting Implicit Bias Toward Patients: A Scoping Review of Post-Graduate Physician Curricula
Authors: Gleicher Sonya , Chalmiers Morgen , Aiyanyor Beverly , Jain Rohini , Kotha Nikhil , Scott Kristan , Song Robert Sangmok , Tram Jennifer , Vuong Caresse , Kesselheim Jennifer
Published: February 2022

Background
Physicians’ behavior may unknowingly be impacted by prejudice and thereby contribute to healthcare inequities, so it is imperative that physicians learn to recognize and minimize implicit bias. Despite increasingly robust data demonstrating physician implicit bias,1,2 the evidence behind how to change this with training programs remains unclear. This scoping review therefore reports on the implementation, outcomes, and characteristics of post-graduate physician implicit bias curricula.
Methods
The authors conducted a literature review using scoping review methodology. They searched 7 databases in February and November 2020 for English-language academic and gray literature on implicit bias curricula for physicians at all levels of post-graduate training. Ten reviewers screened studies for eligibility independently, then extracted data from these studies and compiled it into a chart and analytical summary.
Results
Of the 4,599 articles screened, this review identified 90 articles on implicit bias interventions for post-graduate physicians. Inductive data analysis revealed a spectrum of educational approaches, which were categorized into 4 educational models called Competence, Skills-Based, Social Contact, and Critical Models. The most commonly reported strength was the interactive nature of the curricula (26%), and the most frequently identified challenges were related to time and resources available (53%). Half of the interventions discussed facilitator preparation, and the majority (62%) evaluated outcomes using pre and post self-assessments.
Conclusions
Medical educational interventions should be based on robust data and theory. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of the literature on physician implicit bias curricula, which can support medical educators by serving as a platform for data, recommendations, and examples of implicit bias training. With more effective and evidence-based implicit bias programs, physicians can help diminish healthcare inequities.