bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formation of homogeneous groups of bovine milk production units via multivariate statistical techniques
Authors: Vargas Diego Prado de , Nörnberg José Laerte , Mello Renius de Oliveira , Scheibler Rudolf Brand , Mello Fernanda Cristina Breda , Rizzo Fábio Antunes , Bellato Tatiana Kátia Bertussi
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT: Milk supply chain in Brazil exhibits significant production system heterogeneity in all federal units. Thus, the objective of this study was to form homogeneous groups of bovine milk production units based on the chemical and microbiological quality of the milk via multivariate statistical techniques. A total of 1,541 milk producing units (MPUs), corresponding to 44,089 samples, were analyzed. The first three principal components accounted for 81.38% of the total variation in the data. Principal component 1 (PC1) was associated with the chemical quality of milk (fat, protein [PROT] and total dry extract [TDE] content), while PC2 and PC3 were associated with microbiological quality (somatic cell count [SCC] and total bacterial count [TBC]). The concurrent analysis of the two two-dimensional projections characterized the different productive strata by their quality attributes and identified the positive/negative points of milk microbiological characteristics in each production group. Thus, the dimensionality of the set of 1,541 MPUs was reduced to 15 homogeneous production groups. This method optimizes the use of the dairy industry monthly database and characterizes all the heterogeneities present in dairy production systems.
Inoculation methods and aggressiveness of five Fusarium species against peach palm
Authors: Jarek Tiago Miguel , Santos Álvaro Figueredo dos , Tessmann Dauri José , Vieira Elisa Serra Negra
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT: Fusarium wilt is a major disease which affects peach palm (Bactris gasipaes Kunth.var gasipaes Henderson). This study aimed to evaluate inoculation methods and aggressiveness of isolates of five Fusarium species on peach palm. Fusarium proliferatum can infect the leaves, stem, and roots of peach palm. F. proliferatum, F. oxysporum species complex (FOSC), F. verticillioides, F. solani species complex (FSSC), and Gibberella fujikuroi species complex (GFSC) are pathogenic to peach palm. The use of Fusarium-colonized ground corn for root inoculation was effective and reduced the level of damage to plants.
Duration of co-feeding on the Nishikigoi Cyprinus carpio larvae during weaning from live to inert food in an indoor system
Authors: Fosse Paulo José , Mattos Douglas da Cruz , Cardoso Leonardo Demier , Radael Marcella Costa , Filho João Carlos Fosse , Vidal Júnior Manuel Vazquez
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the co-feeding period (C) on the survival and growth of larvae of nishikigoi Cyprinus carpio, during the weaning period from live to inert food. A total of 1680 larvae with initial weight of 1.33 ± 0.12mg and initial length of 6.0 ± 0.33mm were used. The inert diet used was a commercial ration with 55% crude protein and the live food was the newly hatched nauplii of Artemia franciscana. The experiment was conducted following a completely randomized design with six treatments and four replications. Treatments constituted of: a) LF = supply of live food throughout the experimental period; b) C4 = 6 days of live food + 4 days of co-feeding (inert diet and live food) + 16 days of inert diet; c) C8 = 6 days of live food + 8 days of co-feeding + 12 days of inert diet; d) C12 = 6 days of live food + 12 days of co-feeding + 8 days of inert diet; e) IF = supply with inert diet throughout the experimental period; and f) F = fasting. Our results showed that the co-feeding period influences the survival and growth of the larvae. Survival in the treatment with the longest co-feeding period showed an improvement of over 70% when compared to the shortest period. Further, we noted a doubling of the juvenile weight after 26 days of age. There was a quadratic effect for all parameters, with maximum points ranging between 19.4 and 22.6 days of supply of live food. We concluded that the supply of commercial feed as exclusive food is unworkable in nishikigoi larviculture.
O FEEDBACK ALUNO-ALUNO EM UM AMBIENTE VIRTUAL DE APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Cardoso Ana Carolina Simões
Published: April 2018

RESUMO: Esta pesquisa, do tipo qualitativa e de cunho etnográfico, tem por objetivo investigar o feedback aluno-aluno em fóruns de discussão de um curso de extensão universitária on-line. O estudo fundamenta-se numa discussão sobre a interação entre alunos em cursos a distância e os diferentes tipos de feedback existentes na literatura. Os dados, gerados através de três diferentes instrumentos - análise das mensagens dos fóruns, questionário e entrevista -, permitiram categorizar os tipos de feedback aluno-aluno de acordo com o conteúdo, apontaram as razões que levam alunos a fornecer feedback a seus colegas, bem como a percepção dos alunos em relação ao feedback recebido.
LIMITES E DESAFIOS NA GESTÃO DE RECURSOS HÍDRICOS POR COMITÊS DE BACIAS HIDROGRÁFICAS: UM ESTUDO NOS ESTADOS DO NORDESTE DO BRASIL
Authors: Morais José Luciano Mendonça , Fadul Élvia , Cerqueira Lucas Santos
Published: April 2018

RESUMO Esse artigo trata do processo de implementação da gestão de recursos hídricos por comitês de bacias hidrográficas, identificando fatores que interferem nesse processo. O estudo baseia-se nos pilares fundamentais sobre os quais se assenta esta gestão, que são a integração, a descentralização e a participação, utilizando, como indicadores de análise da sua efetividade, fatores técnicos, políticos e financeiros. A estratégia de investigação escolhida foi a de estudo de múltiplos casos. Os procedimentos metodológicos consistiram, inicialmente, na seleção dos casos e o levantamento dos dados primários ocorreu mediante observação direta, na participação em eventos e encontros da área observando e analisando os temas das discussões realizadas e na participação em reuniões de comitês de bacias. A pesquisa foi realizada em quatorze comitês de bacias de domínio estadual existentes nos estados do nordeste do Brasil. Os resultados mostram que o modelo foi idealizado para funcionar de forma autônoma, mas os comitês ainda não adquiriram esta autonomia. São os recursos oriundos da cobrança pelo uso da água que lhes darão condições para que eles se desenvolvam sem depender dos governos dos estados, nem financeiramente, nem politicamente. Entretanto, como a cobrança pelo uso da água é condição indispensável para a sustentabilidade financeira e, em consequência, autonomia, e como esta cobrança ainda não foi instituída nesses comitês, esta autonomia fica impossível de ser exercida.
FORMULAÇÃO DE POLÍTICA PÚBLICA DE SAÚDE: ANÁLISE DO PROJETO TEIAS À LUZ DO MODELO DOS MÚLTIPLOS FLUXOS DE KINGDON
Authors: Teixeira Maria Gracinda Carvalho , Ornelas Antonio Lima
Published: April 2018

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é caracterizar as circunstâncias que favoreceram a entrada do Projeto Teias nas agendas públicas do município do Rio de Janeiro, do estado e da União, formulado pela Fundação Oswaldo Cruz e destinada à população do Complexo de Manguinhos. Escolheu-se o Modelo dos Múltiplos Fluxos de John Kingdon como fio condutor teórico e metodológico capaz de permitir a compreensão dos fatores mais relevantes que influenciaram a elaboração da política analisada. Pautados nesse modelo e nos relatos dos sujeitos que participaram da formulação da política em questão, os resultados da pesquisa autorizam salientar como o fluxo político marca presença importante no processo de formulação, bem como comprovar o viés pouco convencional de garbage can ou “lata de lixo”, impresso no Modelo dos Múltiplos Fluxos.
The differentiation potential of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells into cell lineage related to male germ cells
Authors: Bräunig P. , Glanzner W.G. , Rissi V.B. , Gonçalves P.B.D.
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT The adipose tissue is a reliable source of Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) showing a higher plasticity and transdifferentiation potential into multilineage cells. In the present study, adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) were isolated from mice omentum and epididymis fat depots. The AT-MSCs were initially compared based on stem cell surface markers and on the mesodermal trilineage differentiation potential. Additionally, AT-MSCs, from both sources, were cultured with differentiation media containing retinoic acid (RA) and/or testicular cell-conditioned medium (TCC). The AT-MSCs expressed mesenchymal surface markers and differentiated into adipogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenic lineages. Only omentum-derived AT-MSCs expressed one important gene marker related to male germ cell lineages, after the differentiation treatment with RA. These findings reaffirm the importance of adipose tissue as a source of multipotent stromal-stem cells, as well as, MSCs source regarding differentiation purpose.
Desenvolvimento de um modelo preditivo para identificação de perda de estabilidade e ocorrência de proteólise em leite UAT
Authors: Santos M.C.M. , Cerqueira M.M.O.P. , Leite M.O. , Souza M.R.
Published: April 2018

RESUMO Este trabalho se propôs a desenvolver um modelo preditivo para identificação de perda de estabilidade e de sedimentação em leite UAT por determinação da atividade enzimática de aminopeptidase no leite por espectrofotometria. Foram analisadas amostras de leite cru, pasteurizado e UAT após envase durante seis meses, na região Sul do Brasil. Acidez, crioscopia, gordura, extrato seco total, extrato seco desengordurado e densidade foram analisados nos leites cru e pasteurizado. Amostras de leite cru foram ainda submetidas à análise de contagem de psicrotróficos e à atividade de aminopeptidase, e amostras de leite UAT estocadas foram analisadas quanto ao grau de proteólise mediante análises sensoriais e atividade de aminopeptidase. Alterações sensoriais foram observadas em tempos de estocagem menores para amostras originadas de leite cru com contagem de psicrotróficos acima de 107 UFC mL-1. Não houve correlação entre a atividade de aminopeptidase e proteólise e também não foi observada correlação significativa entre os parâmetros físico-químicos e a ocorrência de proteólise no leite estocado. O modelo estudado não foi apto para predizer perda de estabilidade e ocorrência de proteólise no leite UAT.
Aspectos econômicos do uso da parte aérea in natura de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) para nutrição de cordeiros confinados e semiconfinados
Authors: Pereira L.C. , Ítavo L.C.V. , Mateus R.G. , Rosa M.O. , Macena I. , Reis Neto J.F. , Barbosa-Ferreira M. , Carvalho C.M.E.
Published: April 2018

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência da inclusão da rama de mandioca na dieta de cordeiros confinados e semiconfinados, em substituição parcial de alimentos concentrados, como forma de redução de custos de produção. O experimento foi conduzido no Centro de Tecnologia de Ovinos (CTO), município de Campo Grande, MS. Foram utilizados 56 cordeiros do grupo genético Pantaneiro, sendo 28 machos e 28 fêmeas, com pesos médios de 18,84kg±2,02kg. As dietas recebidas foram: tratamento controle com ração comercial e tratamentos contendo a parte aérea de mandioca (PAM) em substituição de 10% dessa ração. Os machos confinados obtiveram ganho de peso médio diário de 210g e os semiconfinados, de 178g. No semiconfinamento, as fêmeas controle tiveram GMD de 120g e menor desempenho entre os grupos experimentais. A inclusão PAM acarretou uma redução de 31,29% para a mesma categoria animal. Entre os sistemas de produção, o semiconfinamento apresentou maior lucratividade média, 6,4%, e uma rentabilidade de 7,99% em relação ao sistema de confinamento, que obteve 0,04% de lucratividade e 0,87% de rentabilidade. Conclui-se que a inclusão da parte aérea da mandioca aumenta a eficiência econômica dos sistemas produtivos sem afetar o desenvolvimento dos animais em terminação.
Meat quality of chicken of different crossings in alternative system
Authors: Cruz F.L. , Silva A.A. , Machado I.F.M. , Vieira L.C. , Esteves C. , Fassani E.J. , Faria P.B.
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT The purpose was to evaluate the effects of gender and of different genotypes of chickens on the physicochemical parameters and centesimal composition, related to the quality of meat. The design was completely randomized arranged in 5x2 factorial scheme, five genotypes (Índio Gigante - IG; New Hampshire - NHS; Gigante Negra de Jersey - GNJ; poultry from the crossing between the IG and NHS breeds - IG x NHS; and between the IG and GNJ breeds - IG x GNJ) and two genders, with five repetitions and each one represented by three poultry, totaling 150 animals, slaughtered at 105 days. The parameters evaluated on the breast and thigh were: centesimal composition (moisture, ether extract - EE, protein and ash), ultimate pH, color (L*- luminosity, a*- redness, b* -yellowness, C* - chroma index and h* - hue angle), weight loss by cooking (WLC) and shear force (SF). The IG genotype had the highest average of ultimate pH of the breast (6.03). The NHS and IG x NHS genotypes showed, respectively, higher average of L * (58.93) and a* (1.92) of the breast. The IG, IG x NHS and IG x GNJ showed the highest values of b* of the breast (12.53, 13.37 and 12.69, respectively). The IG poultry showed high average of SF of the breast and thigh (4.79 and 5.01kgf, respectively). The IG x NHS and IG x GNJ genotypes showed the lowest ultimate pH values of the thigh (6.13 and 6.02, respectively). The IG x GNJ genotype showed a high average of b* of the thigh (14.94) and the NHS had a high average of WCL (24.65%). The females showed higher averages of EE on the breast and ash on the thigh (1.03 and 1.11%, respectively). The IG x NHS and IG x GNJ poultry showed higher averages of EE of the breast (1.21 and 1.38 %, respectively). The poultry of IG breed and those from the crossing with NHS and GNJ presented meat quality characteristics more desirable by the consumer in relation to physicochemical parameters and centesimal composition, while genders showed no influence on these aspects.
Histomorphometric analysis of gonads of green turtles (chelonia mydas) stranded on the coast of Espírito Santo state, Brazil
Authors: Failla G. , Calais Júnior A. , Pavanelli L. , Nunes L.C.
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT Studies on reproduction in sea turtles are important due to its life cycle, migratory patterns, high juvenile mortality and environmental impacts. This study aimed to analyse histomorphometrically gonads of C. mydas from the coastline of the Espírito Santo State, Brazil. Ovaries and testicles were collected between 2014 and 2015 from stranded animals. The material was fixed in formalin 10%, assessed macroscopically and processed for histomorphometrical evaluation. Gonads from 34 individuals were evaluated, twenty-four females and ten males. Macroscopic sexual identification presented 100% accuracy confirmed by histology. Sexual dimorphism was observed in one individual, which was considered as adult (CCL=1.023 m). Microscopy of female gonads revealed predominant previtellogenic follicles; oocyte diameter ranged between 161µm and 750µm and a positive correlation between ovarian length, largest oocyte and CCL was found. In males, autolysis was verified in five individuals. Viable testicles revealed predominant spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes and Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules and, Leydig cells and fibroblasts in the stroma. There was a positive correlation between tubular diameter and CCL and testicle length and CCL. Maturation of stromal tissue and a positive correlation between tubular lumen and CCL were also observed. Gonad development is proportional to individual growth.
Avaliação de um controle estratégico da artrite encefalite caprina em rebanho caprino leiteiro
Authors: Rodrigues A.S. , Pinheiro R.R. , Brito R.L.L. , Andrioli A. , Oliveira E.L. , Sider L.H. , Santos V.W. , Oliveira L.S. , Dias R.P. , Gouveia A.M.G. , Teixeira M.F.S.
Published: April 2018

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a utilização periódica de testes de diagnóstico mais sensíveis aliados às práticas de manejo, visando ao controle eficaz da artrite encefalite caprina (CAE). Foram realizadas oito coletas de sangue em matrizes e reprodutores. Da primeira à sétima análise, as coletas foram quadrimestrais, utilizando-se os testes de imunodifusão em gel de agarose (IDGA), ensaio imunoenzimático indireto (ELISA-i) e Western Blot (WB). A oitava coleta aconteceu seis meses após a sétima, utilizando-se o WB e a reação em cadeia de polimerase (PCR). A prevalência da CAE foi de 6,8%, 14,9% e 39,2% no IDGA, ELISA-i e WB, respectivamente. Na última análise, foram detectados 0,9% de animais positivos pelo WB e 10,8% pela PCR. Apesar de não erradicarem a CAE, as medidas adotadas, aliadas à utilização periódica dos testes sorológicos e à combinação com a PCR, foram importantes para reduzir significativamente os animais soropositivos no rebanho.
Avaliação in vitro do sêmen congelado de carneiros com diluidor suplementado com miricetina
Authors: Arruda L.C.P. , Silva R.A.J. Araújo , Monteiro M.M. , Silva R.P.F. , Oliveira A.S. , Mergulhão F.C.C. , Monteiro Jr P.L.J. , Batista A.M. , Guerra M.M.P.
Published: April 2018

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da suplementação do diluidor de congelação de sêmen ovino com o flavonoide miricetina contra os danos ocasionados aos espermatozoides. Oito pools de sêmen, obtidos de quatro reprodutores ovinos, foram congelados com diferentes concentrações de miricetina (0, 1, 10, 100 e 1000nM). Após o descongelamento, o sêmen foi avaliado quanto à cinética espermática, à integridade das membranas plasmática e acrossomal, ao potencial de membrana mitocondrial, aos níveis de ROS intracelular, à peroxidação lipídica e à estabilidade de membrana. Amostras tratadas com miricetina 10nM apresentaram menor percentual de células rápidas (P≤0,05), quando comparadas ao grupo miricetina 1000nM. Amostras do grupo controle apresentaram maior (P≤0,05) VAP que o grupo 10nM de miricetina, enquanto amostras criopreservadas com miricetina (10, 100 e 1000nM) evidenciaram maior (P<0,05) BCF, quando comparadas ao grupo controle. O grupo tratado com miricetina 1000nM apresentou maior percentual (P<0,05) de células com peroxidação lipídica, quando comparado ao grupo controle. Em conclusão, a suplementação do diluidor de criopreservação de sêmen ovino com 10 e 100nM de miricetina afeta a cinética espermática sem provocar alterações na estrutura geral do gameta, enquanto 1000nM de miricetina provoca mudanças na cinética associadas à danos peroxidativos.
Clinical and laboratory features of urinary tract infections in young infants
Authors: Lo Denise Swei , Rodrigues Larissa , Koch Vera Hermina Kalika , Gilio Alfredo Elias
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common serious bacterial infection in young infants. Signs and symptoms are often nonspecific. Objectives: To describe clinical, demographic and laboratory features of UTI in infants ≤ 3 months old. Methods: Cross-sectional study of infants ≤ 3 months old with UTI diagnosed in a pediatric emergency department, for the period 2010-2012. UTI was defined as ≥ 50,000 colony-forming units per milliliter of a single uropathogen isolated from bladder catheterization. Paired urinalysis and urine culture from group culture-positive and group culture-negative were used to determine the sensitivity and specificity of pyuria and nitrite tests in detecting UTI. Results: Of 519 urine cultures collected, UTI was diagnosed in 65 cases (prevalence: 12.5%); with male predominance (77%). The most common etiologies were Escherichia coli (56.9%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (18.5%) and Enterococcus faecalis (7.7%). Frequent clinical manifestations were fever (77.8%), irritability (41.4%) and vomiting (25.4%). The median temperature was 38.7°C. The sensitivity of the nitrite test was 30.8% (95%CI:19.9-43.4%), specificity of 100% (95%CI:99.2-100%). Pyuria ≥ 10,000/mL had a sensitivity of 87.7% (95%CI:77.2-94.5%), specificity of 74.9% (95%CI:70.6 -78.8%). The median peripheral white blood cell count was 13,150/mm3; C-reactive protein levels were normal in 30.5% of cases. Conclusions: The male: female ratio for urinary tract infection was 3.3:1. Non-Escherichia coli etiologies should be considered in empirical treatment. Fever was the main symptom. Positive nitrite is highly suggestive of UTI but has low sensitivity; whereas pyuria ≥ 10,000/mL revealed good sensitivity, but low specificity. Peripheral white blood cell count and C-reactive protein concentration have limited usefulness to suggest UTI.
Defined and undefined commercial probiotics cultures in the prevention of Salmonella Enteritidis in broilers
Authors: Carvalho Erich H. , Mendes Angélica S. , Takahashi Sabrina E. , Assumpção Rosângela A.B. , Bonamigo Douglas V. , Müller Daniel , Sikorski Rosana R.
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of probiotics from different formations, defined and undefined cultures, applied in the control of Salmonella Enteritidis in broilers, identifying the compositions and states for which the probiotics are more effective. For that, 390 broilers were inoculated orally with 1.00 ml of Salmonella Enteritidis at a concentration of 1.2x109 CFU (Colony Forming Units). The experimental design used was randomized blocks with 5 treatments and 6 replications, totaling 30 boxes with 13 birds/box (13 birds/m2). The treatments were provided via drinking water 1 hour after inoculation, keeping a daily treatment of 12 hours with probiotics, for 3 consecutive days (birds at 1, 2 and 3 days of age). In general, the five treatments conducted were: T1 - Control without probiotic, T2 - Probiotic A (defined culture - lyophilized form, strain 7), T3 - Probiotic B (defined culture - lyophilized form, strain 11), T4 - Probiotic C (undefined culture liquid form), T5 - Probiotic D (undefined culture - liquid form). After treatments, performance was evaluated through average body weight, feed conversion and mortality counting. Microbiological analysis and Salmonella isolation were performed using MPN (Most Probable Number) and selective enrichment technique methods, respectively. Samples of ileum and liver pool, cecal tonsils, cecum, heart and spleen pool were collected at 5 and 31 days of age. No differences were observed on growth performance and isolation of Salmonella Enteritidis (p≥0.05). All probiotics applied were effective on reducing Salmonella Enteritidis colonization in the ileum, cecal tonsils, and cecum at 5 days of life. Probiotics T2 and T5 has shown effectiveness in reducing colonization at 31 days, being considered the most efficient on Salmonella Enteritidis control, for the intestines segments evaluated. It was not possible to affirm which probiotics formation, defined or undefined, is more efficient for Salmonella Enteritidis control.
Matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 in rabbits with doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy
Authors: Nogueira Sheila S.S. , Sousa Marlos G. , Gava Fabio N. , Rosa Fernando A. , Melo Guilherme D. , Dittrich Gustavo , Machado Gisele F. , Camacho Aparecido A.
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT: Some studies have shown the role played by matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in doxorubicin cardiotoxicity. In this study, we sought to investigate how plasma and myocardial MMP 2 and 9 perform in rabbits with doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy, searching for a correlation between the activity of these collagenases and cardiac remodeling. Cardiomyopathy was induced by doxorubicin given intravenously twice a week for six consecutive weeks. Plasma MMP activity and the echocardiogram were assessed at baseline, and at 15 and 45 days after first injection of doxorubicin. The myocardial activity of these enzymes was solely evaluated in nine rabbits at 45 days, and results were compared with nine healthy controls. We only identified the full-length forms of both MMP 2 and 9 throughout the study. The plasma pro-MMP 2 reduced along the deterioration of cardiac function, while the pro-MMP 9 increased significantly at T45 as compared to baseline and T15. A negative significant correlation was found to exist between the plasma activity of pro-MMP 2 and mitral E-to-mitral septal annular early diastolic velocity ratio, which is an estimate of mean left atrial pressure and congestion. Only pro-MMP 2 was found in myocardial samples, and mean activity of such enzyme was statistically lower than that recorded for healthy controls. Although no active form was documented for either collagenase, the duration of the treatment with doxorubicin played a role in the alteration of plasma pro-forms activity. However, these changes could not be associated with most echocardiographic parameters that are supportive of cardiac remodeling.
Combination of Transversus abdominis plane block and Serratus plane block anesthesia in dogs submitted to masctetomy
Authors: Teixeira Luciana G. , Pujol Diego M. , Pazzim Aline F. , Souza Renata P. , Fadel Leandro
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT: This paper pretends to demonstrate the effect of the combination of transversus abdominis plane block (TAP block) and Serratus plane block (SP block) techniques in analgesia of 4 dogs undergoing total unilateral mastectomy. Dogs were premedicated with methadone (0.5mg.kg-1) intramuscularly. Anesthesia was induced with propofol (6mg.kg-1) and midazolam (0.3mg.kg-1) and maintained with isoflurane. SP and TAP block were performed unilaterally using ultrasound by the injection of bupivacaine 0.25% (0.3mL kg-1) diluted with NaCl solution 1:1. Heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (f), non-invasive arterial pressure, esophageal temperature (T), oxygen saturation (SpO2) and electrocardiogram were monitored continuously. Animals were monitored for two and four hours after extubation for pain by using the Canine Acute Pain Scale from Colorado State University. Two hours after extubation, tramadol (4mg.kg-1) and dipyrone (25mg.kg-1) was administered to all dogs. It was not observed any alteration on cardiac rhythm. HR, f, T and mean arterial pressure remained below the preincisional values for all dogs. No dog required intraoperative rescue analgesia. Recovery from anesthesia was without any complication. All animals scored 0 (0/5) at pain scale, two and four hours after extubation and none of them expressed concern over the surgical wound. Dogs were able to walk before two hours after extubation. The combination of both techniques is effective in anesthetic blocking the thoracic and abdominal walls and it is suggested both may be included in the multimodal analgesia protocols for this type of surgery.
Combination of ethylene glycol with sucrose increases survival rate after vitrification of somatic tissue of collared peccaries (Pecari tajacu Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Borges Alana A. , Neta Luiza B. Queiroz , Santos Maria V.O. , Oliveira Moacir F. , Silva Alexandre R. , Pereira Alexsandra F.
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT: The cryopreservation of somatic tissue in collared peccaries promotes an alternative source of genetic material of this specie. The solid-surface vitrification (SSV) is a great option for tissue conservation; nevertheless, the optimization of SSV requirements is necessary, especially when referred to cryoprotectants that will compose the vitrification solution. Therefore, the aim was to evaluate the effect of the presence of 0.25 M sucrose in addition to different combinations (only or association) and concentrations (1.5 M or 3.0 M) of ethylene glycol (EG) and/or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in the somatic tissue vitrification of collared peccaries. Subsequently, we tested six combinations of cryoprotectants with or without sucrose in Dulbecco modified Eagle medium (DMEM) plus 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). Thus, 3.0 M EG with sucrose was able to maintain normal tissue characteristics compared with non-vitrified (control), especially for the volumetric ratio of epidermis (61.2 vs. 58.7%) and dermis (34.5 vs. 36.6%), number of fibroblast (90.3 vs. 127.0), argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR) ratio (0.09 vs. 0.17%) and nucleus area (15.4 vs. 14.5 μm2) respectively. In conclusion, 3.0 M EG with 0.25 M sucrose and 10% FBS resulted in a better cryoprotectant composition in the SSV for somatic tissue of collared peccaries.
Surtos consecutivos ocasionados por Eimeria zuernii em bezerros de corte de uma propriedade do estado de São Paulo
Authors: Cruvinel Leonardo B. , Bastos Thiago S.A. , Nicaretta João E. , Couto Luiz F.M. , Borges Dyego G.L. , Borges Fernando A. , Soares Vando E. , Lopes Welber D.Z.
Published: April 2018

RESUMO: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar surtos consecutivos (Agosto de 2015 e 2016) ocasionado por Eimeria zuernii em bezerros de corte, Canchim e Nelore, com aproximadamente 45 dias de vida, em uma propriedade rural localizada no município de São João da Boa Vista, estado de São Paulo. O primeiro surto foi diagnosticado em um lote composto por 78 bezerros, entre 35 e 55 dias de idade. Dos 78 bezerros, 32 eram Nelore e os outros 46 Canchim. Já o segundo, ocorreu em um novo lote de 66 bezerros (sendo 36 Nelore e 47 Canchim), com idade entre 30 e 45 dias. Alguns animais apresentaram diarreia sanguinolenta e desidratação. Colheitas de fezes de todos os animais (vacas e bezerros) foram realizadas para realização de exame coproparasitológico e quantificação de ovos e oocistos por grama (OPG e OoPG) de fezes de parasitos. Com base nos resultados encontrados neste estudo, é possível afirmar que os surtos consecutivos em bezerros de corte entre 30 e 55 dias de idade, na época seca do ano (agosto), foram desencadeados pelo elevado grau de infecção destes animais por E. zuernii. Analisando os dois anos em que os surtos ocorreram, a presença de sinais clínicos (diarreia sanguinolenta) e a mortalidade de bezerros desencadeada pela eimeriose/desidratação, aconteceram em 8,3% 1,4% do rebanho, respectivamente. Estes resultados destacam a importância em se realizar pesquisas de campo, com o objetivo de se melhor entender a dinâmica de parasitismo de E. zuernii e E. bovis em bezerros com idade inferior a três meses, em função dos motivos já discutidos neste estudo. Além disso, é necessário que se investigue as possíveis fontes de infecção, como a água ingerida pelos animais, para que condutas práticas possam ser adotadas/recomendadas aos proprietários, diminuindo desta maneira os prejuízos ocasionados por surtos de Eimeria spp em rebanhos bovinos.
Um olhar psicossocial para a educação
Authors: Abdalla Maria de Fátima Barbosa , Villas Bôas Lúcia
Published: April 2018

RESUMO: Os estudos de Bourdieu e Moscovici, ao permitirem discutir a dimensão simbólica dos fenômenos sociais a partir de uma perspectiva crítica e desestabilizadora, têm muito a contribuir para a compreensão das atuais problemáticas educacionais. Assim, este texto objetiva estabelecer um diálogo entre esses autores, para pensar o campo educacional a partir de uma perspectiva psicossocial. Parte-se, então, de três eixos. O primeiro refere-se à discussão do olhar psicossocial enquanto postura epistemológica, tecendo reflexões sobre uma leitura ternária dos fatos e das relações sociais. O segundo destaca a educação como prática social, considerando suas finalidades e seu espaço social. E o terceiro aborda a relação entre a educação e mudança social. Recuperam-se, assim, noções bourdiesianas e moscovicianas, que contribuem para ressignificar, a partir do olhar psicossocial, as práticas educativas.
Literatura e formação: notas sobre o lugar do literário nas instituições de ensino
Authors: Cechinel André
Published: April 2018

RESUMO: Este ensaio propõe-se a discutir o lugar formativo da literatura num momento em que sua presença institucional se vê precarizada por discursos utilitários característicos da cultura de mercado. Para tanto, o argumento divide-se em dois momentos: primeiro, são discutidos alguns dos abalos teóricos sofridos pela literatura no último século e que fragilizaram os dispositivos que antes justificavam sua presença no âmbito formativo; a seguir, o ensaio indica a necessidade de revisitar as categorias de “obra”, “leitor” e “tradição” como modo de estabelecer um funcionamento de fato “formativo” para o espaço institucional da literatura. Se o nosso tempo se caracteriza pela aceleração dos objetos, as noções de “obra”, “leitor” e “tradição” podem operar como contrapontos capazes de interromper o fluxo contínuo das coisas, ditando uma outra temporalidade para os estudos literários.
Risco vocal em pastores: quantidade de fala, intensidade vocal e conhecimentos sobre saúde e higiene vocal
Authors: Lobo Bárbara Pereira Lopes , Madazio Glaucya Maria Vicente , Badaró Flávia Azevedo Righi , Behlau Mara Suzana
Published: April 2018

RESUMO Objetivo O objetivo do estudo foi investigar o conhecimento de pastores religiosos sobre aspectos de saúde e higiene vocal e avaliar a quantidade de fala e a intensidade da voz autorrelatadas, tanto nas atividades de uso laboral, quanto extralaboral, para se compreender a possibilidade de risco vocal nestes profissionais. Método Foram avaliados 50 pastores, do gênero masculino, com idade entre 22 e 73 anos. Após o preenchimento do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido, todos responderam a dois questionários de autoavaliação vocal, a saber: Questionário de Saúde e Higiene Vocal e Quantidade de Fala e Intensidade Vocal. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise estatística. Resultados Os pastores apresentaram escores satisfatórios no Questionário de Saúde e Higiene Vocal, porém a quantidade de fala e a intensidade vocal mostraram-se elevadas na situação laboral, quando comparadas à extralaboral. As variáveis tempo de carreira pastoral, quantidade de fala e intensidade de voz extralaborais também estiveram associadas ao conhecimento sobre saúde e higiene vocal. Conclusão Os pastores mostraram bom conhecimento sobre saúde e higiene vocal e podem ser considerados como uma população de elevado risco vocal devido ao uso de grande quantidade de fala e intensidade da voz no ambiente laboral.
Energy, land and water nexus in Sri Lanka's Mahaweli basin
Authors: Chegwin Michael Richard , Kumara Sisira
Published: April 2018

The Mahaweli Water Security Investment Program, financed by the Asian Development Bank and the Government of Sri Lanka, aims to complete the Mahaweli Development Program, started in the 1970s to improve farmer incomes, food security, equity between different parts of the country, public health, and domestic, municipal and industrial water supplies. Up to 900 million m3 of water will be transferred annually through canals, reservoirs and tunnels from the Mahaweli River to the water-scarce north and north-west, where smallholder farmers have traditionally practised single-season rice cultivation. The transfer will facilitate cultivation of a second, diversified, crop and must be shared with competing consumptive demands, as well as meeting daily peak energy demands through releases for hydropower. The paper comprises a briefing exploring how the nexus is to be managed with the help of strengthened integrated water resources management, complex decision-support systems, institutional capacity development, strategic environmental analysis and consensus winning.
A Study on Quality Attribute Classification of Servicescape and Aesthetic Labor Using the Kano Model: Focused on Family Restaurant
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Song Joo-Wan , Lee Hyung-Ryong , Park Seul-Gi
Published: April 2018

The objectives of this study are to classify how family restaurant customers perceive quality attributes of servicescape and aesthetic labor, and to identify what attributes are comprised of satisfaction or dissatisfaction. A survey was conducted to customers who had visited family restaurants within the previous month in Seoul and Gyeonggi province. A total of 517 questionnaires were collected from an on-site survey and online survey. The data were analyzed by applying the Kano model, and the results are as follows. Among the 15 measured items of servicescape, six items were measured as one-dimensional quality, five items as indifference quality, two items as attractive quality, and two items as must-be quality. Among the 12 measured aesthetic labor items, eight items were measured as indifference quality and four items as one-dimensional quality. By producing a better index and worse index of servicescape and aesthetic labor, the results suggested which attributes family restaurant operators should focus on and improve. Also, this study can guide how operators should interpret each quality attribute and enhance the attributes to obtain competitiveness and differentiation.
The Mediating Effect of Customer Satisfaction on the Relationship between Brand Value and Loyalty in Dessert Cafes
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Kwon Ki-Wan
Published: April 2018

This study aimed to analyze the influence relationship among brand value, loyalty, and customer satisfaction of dessert cafes and to verify the mediating effect of customer satisfaction in the relationship between brand value and loyalty. This study targeted eight dessert cafes located in Seoul, and after asking the persons concerned with the dessert cafes to check understanding, a survey with customers aged 20 or over was conducted over 11 days from April 10 to April 21, 2017. A total of 230 self-administered questionnaires were distributed, and 203 (88.3%) questionnaires were used for study analysis after the exclusion of 27 (11.7%) with incomplete and/or unreliable responses. Frequency analysis, reliability analysis, exploratory factor analysis, simple regression analysis, multiple regression analysis, mediator effect analysis, and Sobel test were done using the SPSS 18.0 analysis program. The study results revealed that brand value had a significant positive (+) relationship to loyalty and customer satisfaction. Also, customer satisfaction had a significant positive (+) relationship to loyalty, and customer satisfaction mediated the relationship between brand value and loyalty.
The Impact of Job Insecurity on Customer Orientation of Hotel Employees: The Moderating Effect of Grit
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Kim Kwon-Soo , Ko Seung-Sik
Published: April 2018

This study was conducted to investigate whether grit positively influences the negative effects of job insecurity on hotel employees' customer orientation. A total of 243 questionnaires were used for analysis, collected from 5- and 4-star hotel employees in Seoul. Multiple regression analysis was performed in three stages, with demographic variables that could affect job insecurity, grit, and customer orientation as control variables. The results of the analysis are as follows. First, job insecurity had a negative effect on customer orientation. Second, when considering job insecurity and grit at the same time, job insecurity did not have a significant effect on customer orientation, but grit had a positive effect. Third, grit played a moderating role in reducing the negative impact of job insecurity on customer orientation. Fourth, employees with a lot of work experience and employees who had joined the labor union had high job security and customer orientation. Fifth, grit was correlated only with employment type among demographic variables. In other words, the grit of non-regular workers was higher than that of full-time employees. Based on the contents of this study, academic implications and practical implications are suggested.
Relationship among Personality Type, Brand Personality, Brand Attitude, and Revisit Intention: Focused on the Big 5 Model
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Gu Sun-Bon , Chong Yu-Kyeong
Published: April 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine the brand personality that is important when choosing a restaurant according to personality type and to examine the effect of brand personality on brand attitude and revisit intention. A total of 198 questionnaires were collected from 225 customers who had visited a Korean buffet restaurant. The results show that, first, there was a difference in brand personality, which is important according to personality type. A person with an outgoing personality emphasized sophistication and interest in the brand, while a person with a high affinity did not consider the traditional aspects of the brand. The most sincere persons focused on the competence, reliability, tradition, and interest of the brand, and considered various aspects of the brand in comparison to other personality traits. Second, constructing a positive attitude toward the brand were two factors of interest and reliability of the brand personality. This suggests that it is important to provide information that can induce consumers' interest in the brand and that providing reliable information rather than false or exaggerated content may increase restaurant revisitation. In this study, it is significant that the empirical validation of the role and function of the psychological factors influencing the brand selection were verified by examining the direct influence relationship between the two variables.
The Effect of Franchise Food Service Employees’ Emotional Labor on Role Stress, Job Burnout and Turnover Intention
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Jo Mi-Na , Cha Jae-Bin
Published: April 2018

This study was to assess the effects of franchise food service employees' emotional labor on role stress, job burnout, and turnover intention. A total of 310 samples were collected from franchise food service employees in Seoul and Gyeonggi province from October to November, 2016. The results were as follows. First, among the sub-dimensions of emotional labor, surface acting and deep acting had a significant effect on role conflict, role ambiguity, and role overload among the sub-dimensions of role stress. Second, role stress had a significant effect on job burnout. Role conflict had a significant effect on emotional exhaustion. Role ambiguity had a significant effect on emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment. Also, role overload had a significant effect on depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment. Third, emotional exhaustion from job burnout had a significant effect on turnover intention. The suggestion of this study is that it is important to reduce the role conflict and role ambiguity of franchise food service employees because role conflict and role ambiguity affect emotional exhaustion, and emotional exhaustion affects turnover intention.
Is that fear I see v2
Authors: Norbury Ray
Published: April 2018

Cognitive theories of depression posit that negative schemata constrain how emotional information is attended to, processed and recollected (Beck et al., 1979). Numerous studies have demonstrated an association between acute depression and preferential processing of negative information and/or impaired processing of positive emotional information (Bradley et al, 1995; Gilboa-Schechtman et al., 2002; Gur et al., 1992; Peckham et al., 2010; Ridout et al., 2003; Surguladze et al., 2004) which persists into periods of remission (Anderson et al., 2011; Bhagwagar et al, 2004; Hayward, et al., 2005). Emerging evidence also suggests that these behavioural abnormalities are present prior to the onset of illness and therefore reflect a trait vulnerability marker for depression. For example, Chan and colleagues (Chan, et al., 2007) reported that high neuroticism (a recognised risk factor for depression) was associated with reduced latency to classify negative vs. positive personality descriptors, reduced positive memory intrusion at subsequent recall and reduced capacity to recognise happy facial expressions as compared to individuals with low levels of neuroticism. We have also shown that late chronotype, also recognised as a risk factor for depression, is associated with increased capacity to recognise sad vs happy facial expressions (Berdynaj et al., 2016; Horne, Marr-Phillips, Jawaid, Gibson, & Norbury, 2017). Less well understood is whether bias towards emotionally positive stimuli relates to resilience. The concept of resilience can be thought of as a stress coping ability with positive adaptation and outcomes in the face of adversities (Connor & Davidson, 2003) and should act as a buffer against the harmful effects of future stressors. In support of this notion Sherrin and colleagues (Sheerin et al., 2017) in a longitudinal study reported that higher resilience was a protective factor against future internalising psychopathology. Moreover, using the dot-probe task to assess individual differences in attentional bias towards happy or angry facial expressions Thoern et al., (Thoern, Grueschow, Ehlert, Ruff, & Kleim, 2016) observed that healthy participants with a greater attentional bias towards happy faces reported higher trait resilience. This finding may have implications for a number of stress-related disorders and suggests that increasing the tendency to attend to emotionally positive stimuli could render individuals more resilient. However, Thoern and colleagues did not take into account individual differences in neuroticism, circadian preference or depressive symptomatology (three recognised risk factors for depression). The aims of the current proposal, therefore, are to: 1) replicate the findings of Thoern and colleagues, i.e. that increased attention to positive emotional stimuli predicts trait resilience, 2) extend this work to include emotion recognition, and 3) explore the interaction between risk factors for depression, resilience and attentional bias/emotion recognition
Measuring spectral reflectance and transmittance (350-2500 nm) of large leaves using an integrating sphere v2
Authors: Laliberté Etienne
Published: April 2018

Here wedescribe the standardised protocol used by the Canadian Airborne Biodiversity Observatory(CABO)to measure leaf spectral reflectance and transmittance, using an integrating sphere fitted to a portable full-range field spectroradiometer. This "standard version" of ourprotocol describesthe commoncase where an individual leaf is large enough to entirely cover the reflectance or transmission port of the integrating sphere. Briefly, six mature, healthy and sunlit leaves from a canopy plant are selected for measurements of adaxial reflectance and transmittance. Leaf scansare referenced to a calibrated Spectralon® diskand corrected for stray light to yieldNIST-traceable, high-fidelity leaf spectral reflectance and transmittance measurements.Our leaf spectroscopy protocol builds from that of theCarnegie Airborne Observatory, as well as from integrating sphere user manuals from two companies (ASD Inc., SVC).
Measuring spectral reflectance and transmittance (350-2500 nm) of small and/or narrow leaves using an integrating sphere v1
Authors: Laliberté Etienne
Published: April 2018

Here wedescribe the standardised protocol used by the Canadian Airborne Biodiversity Observatory(CABO)to measure leaf spectral reflectance and transmittance, using an integrating sphere fitted to a portable full-range field spectroradiometer, forthe special case where an individual leaf is too small and/or too narrowto entirely cover the reflectance or transmission port of the integrating sphere. Briefly, three arrays ofmature, healthy and sunlit leaves from a canopy plant are arranged on a custom sample mount, and are then usedfor measurements of adaxial reflectance and transmittance. Leaf array scansare referenced to a calibrated Spectralon® diskand corrected for stray light to yieldNIST-traceable, leaf spectral reflectance and transmittance measurements.Our leaf spectroscopy protocol builds from that of Noda et al. (2013), as well asCarnegie Airborne Observatory's protocol andintegrating sphere user manuals from two companies (SVC,ASD Inc.).
PROTOCOLS FOR PREPARATION OF BLOOD SMEARS, REPORTING OF MALARIA PARASITES, PROCESSING OF BLOOD SAMPLES USING MALARIA RDT (HRP-2), BLOOD GROUPING AND DESIGN OF QUESTIONNAIRE v1
Authors: Agyemang Adusei Kwame , K Owusu-Ofori Alex
Published: April 2018

LABORATORY PROTOCOLS FOR PREPARATION OF BLOOD SMEARS, REPORTING OF MALARIA PARASITES, PROCESSING OF BLOOD SAMPLES USING MALARIA RDT (HRP-2), BLOOD GROUPING AND DESIGN OF QUESTIONNAIRE (PREVALENCE OF PLASMODIUM PARASITAEMIA IN BLOOD DONORS AND A SURVEY OF THE KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES OF TRANSFUSION MALARIA AMONG HEALTH WORKERS IN A HOSPITAL IN KUMASI, GHANA