bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A magyar vízivad monitoring eredményei a 2021/2022-es idényben
Authors: Faragó Sándor
Published: December 2024

The author presents results of the HUNGARIAN WATERFOWL MONITORING (HWM) referring to the season 2021/2022. This treatment does not cover geese, the latter being the subject of another publication (see in this volume). Basic data obtained at the 48 sites (Table 1. and Map 1.) are presented for each observed site in Table 3-25. The tables are followed by statements concerning each of the species in regard of population size (Hungary total), population dynamics (Hungary total), territorial dispersion of each species, dynamics characteristic for the certain sites of observations, and based on maximum numbers of various species at the respective sites: designation of areas bearing international importance according to Criterion 6. of Ramsar Convention (see Table 2.) (WETLANDS INTERNATIONAL, 2015). The facts mentioned afore are presented for each of the species by means of figures, tables, and maps (Table 26-76., Map 2-50. Figure 1-127.). In the framework of the HUNGARIAN WATERFOWL MONITORING performed in 2021/2022 we did not obtain data on the following species: Ruddy Duck (Oxyura jamaicensis), White-headed Duck (Oxyura leucocephala), Canada Goose (Branta canadensis), Common Eider (Somateria mollissima), King Eider (Somateria spectabilis), Steller’s Eider (Polysticta stelleri), Marbled Teal (Marmaronetta angustirostris), Ring-necked Duck (Aythya collaris), Lesser Scaup (Aythya affinis), Blue-winged Teal (Spatula discors), American Wigeon (Mareca americana), Green-winged Teal (Anas crecca carolinensis), Greater Flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus), Great Northern Loon (Gavia immer), Chinese Pond-heron (Aldeola bacchus), Western Reef Heron (Egretta gularis) Great White Pelican (Pelecanus onocrotalus) and Dalmatian Pelican (Pelecanus crispus). Lack of data on the 17 species listed above is because on the days of synchronous counts of the HWM no individuals of these species were to be seen. As the results of the HUNGARIAN GOOSE MONITORING are assessed separately (10 species), the present paper comprises the results of observations on 51 species (Table 77.). The order of rank of observed waterfowl species as well as the dynamics of the order (Table 78-82.) shows clearly, whether species declared huntable are really those with highest numbers. In the report, international significance of each site is defined according to 1% Criterion 6. of Ramsar Convention For each site those species are listed based on which the afore-mentioned statement has been made...
The Impact of Digitalization on Ways of Thinking about the Right of Property: Are We All “Owners” or “Users”?
Authors: Lombardi Ettore M.
Published: December 2024

The paper analyzes how emerging technologies, and especially the Internet, can affect the national and European legal system, transforming the fundamental rights and freedoms involved, challenging the traditional categories and qualifications of property, and, in more general terms, stimulating, if necessary, a re-thinking of the man-thing relationship in the light of parameters and references other than those that have been classically used. More specifically, the idea of creating a regulatory framework that accompanies the evolution to which the concept of property is exposed in a digital age pushes us to carry out an analysis of the framework referable to copyright, especially as far as it concerns the F/OSS software with non-copyleft effect, to understand more clearly if the present conceptual apparatus has problematic features or if the issues that the internet poses can be managed in the already existing normative-conceptual framework.
Digitization of Rulemaking Activities in the Context of Information Society
Authors: Bondarchuk Ilya , Rudenko Artem , Strelnikova Irina , Butkevich Olga , Ryshkova Ludmila
Published: December 2024

Digital technologies at present days increasingly permeate all human activities across the board, thus resulting in higher labor productivity and emergence of the new capabilities in science and technology spheres. In the information society standards they help to shape that are becoming a new reality. Meanwhile, the law and rulemaking activities are more latent compared to economic and other activities of society. Upholding social stability and preventing by virtue of its static nature insignificant, transitory changes of relationships is a function of law. However, rulemaking activities, like all activities of the state, are on the move along with the development of science and technology. In analyzing and adopting the best digitization practices in specific branches, legislative authorities at present days introduce digital technologies into the regulatory drafting process. The paper analyzes the R&D for digital transformation of legislative activities in order to propose an algorithm for a phased introduction of digital technologies into the work of legislative authorities.
Graphic Language in Law
Authors: Isakov Vladimir
Published: December 2024

Language in this paper is understood as a system of signs of various physical nature, which serves cognitive and communicative functions in human thinking. Languages are formed naturally or created by man artificially for certain purposes. The graphic language as a class belongs to artificial language systems. Graphic language in law is not a unique phenomenon. The system of state symbols studied by heraldry is a variety of the graphical language, just as traffic signs and other signs in transport — water, sea, air, rail, pipeline. The military have a system of symbols of their own such as grade and branch insignia. Industrial signs and designs (for radiation, high tension, magnetic fields) is another example. This paper will attempt to disclose the concept of graphic language and to justify its role in law. The functions of the graphics language and the main types of schemes are considered. The main stages of the schematization process are shown. The author's point of view on the ratio of schematization and visualization, graphic concept and grapheme is expressed. Specific examples are used to demonstrate the possibilities of multi-layered visuals as one of the most promising contemporary varieties of schematization. According to the author, artificial intelligence and natural intelligence are complementary and should interact and mutually develop — co-develop. It means that not only machines should master various functions of human thinking but man equally needs to learn from machines in certain cases — in order to be able to form ontologies, synthesize algorithms, understand the language and operational logic of artificial intelligence. The graphic language, the one of drawings, schemes, graphs, which is quite abstract and formalized but at the same time understandable and proportionate to ordinaryhuman thinking, could thus become a "bridge" between artificial and natural intelligence. From this point of view, there is obvious promise in the development and use of different types of graphic languages in law, as well as in other humanitarian areas of human activity.
The Right to Informational Self-Determination: On the Edge of Public and Private
Authors: Talapina Elvira
Published: December 2024

The right to informational self-determination, as the authority of the individual to decide fundamentally for herself, when and within what limits personal data may be disclosed, was formulated by German jurisprudence and has become a model for many States as well as for European Law in general. It is seen as a necessary tool for maintaining a vibrant democracy, on the basis that privacy is an “integral part” of society. The basis for the judicial decision was the Kantian theory of the moral autonomy of the individual. This explains the close connection of judicial reasoning with human rights and their Public Law protection. At the same time, under Anglo-Saxon influence, a “property approach” to personal data which may become the object of transactions is developing. The “property approach” views personal data as a valuable commodity that can be the object of transactions and operations with other people through licenses. In practice, access to personal data has recently been increasingly provided as a counter performance (compensation) to contracts for the provision of digital content and in exchange for personalized services. The study shows there are many interactions of public and private in the legal protection of data (information self-determination as a subjective public right requires the corresponding obligations of the State to be formalized, there is no unambiguous sector qualification of a person’s consent to data processing, the insufficiency of the principle of confidentiality by default before the potential for harm is noted). Analysis of the evolution of the data legal protection leads to conclude that the public/private distinction is gradually levelling off. It seems that the problem of the circulation and protection of personal data cannot be solved in a sector framework, but only comprehensively, without violating the traditional logic of public and private. This means that the right to information self-determination, due to its complex nature, can be regarded as a principle that has an inter-branch nature extends to both the Public Law data protection and the implementation of subjective civil rights in this area.
A Conceptual Approach to the Legality Underpinning the Ownership of Islands and the Basic Procedures of Maritime Boundary Delimitation of Islands in an Inter-State Context
Authors: Сафавиния Хашаяр
Published: December 2024

The islands’ legal status, i.e. their territorial sovereignty and ownership in States’ position, is highly valued since it ensures their jurisdictional rights, e.g., access to the islands’ resources, within, to the vicinity, and beyond. Moreover, their significance would be related to navigational plus security reasons affecting the parent State. However, once determined, parties address their jurisdictional rights based on the outcome of the islands’ boundaries. The entitlement of maritime zones concerning islands has become problematic due to their unique features, including geographical and geomorphological conditions, their historical debates, the economic, cultural, political, and social factors that contribute to the sovereignty’s judgement process. Naturally, the path leads to disagreements, controversies, and disputes among States, impacting peace and security worldwide. In case of a dispute, the common practice would be the peaceful settlement of international disputes, the methods outlined in article 33 of the Charter of the United Nations. The international regime of islands is inherently interdisciplinary, and the underpinned interrelated disciplines are sensible by a concise review of each case. Consequently, this paper provides arguments regarding the sovereignty of islands. It analyses the legal reasons for non-tropical territorial sovereignty and ownership with a brief approach to the three cases of international law of the sea (hereinafter — ILoS). These cases are the Abu Musa Island in the Gulf, where undetermined ownership led to an incomplete boundary agreement between Iran and the United Arab Emirates (hereinafter — UAE) in 1974. Additionally, it covers the Spratly and Paracel Islands in the South China Sea known to be a long-running matter of urgency, and the Falkland Islands, where debates revolve around political inheritance, geographical proximity, international treaties, the principle of territorial integrity, effective occupation, and self-determination. As a result, the first objective of the research would be to conclude the reasons for territorial sovereignty, and the second — to shed light on the basics of maritime boundary delimitation (hereinafter — MBD) in an inter-State context, mainly regarding the status of single islands irrespective of their nature, unless mentioned.
II Simposi Internacional de Didàctica de la Llengua i la Literatura
Authors: Monje Pilar
Published: December 2024

Els dies 2,3 i 4 de desembre va tenir lloc a l'Escola de Mestres de Tarragona el II Simposi Internacional de Didàctica de la Llengua i la Literatura, organitzat per l'àrea de Didàctica de Llengua i Literatura del Departament d'Educació i Psicologia de la Universitat de Barcelona (Divisió dels Centres Universitaris del Camp de Tarragona) i per la Sociedad Espanyola de Didàctica de la Llengua i la Literatura. El tema monogràfic del Simposi va ser la Didàctica de la llengua oral, i les àrees de treball van ser la didàctica de la llengua oral i la didàctica de la literatura oral, ambdues referides al català, el castellà i les altres llengües d'ús i d'ensenyament a l'Estat. EI Simposi, d'altra banda, va estar obert a tots els nivells educatius, incloent, per tant, comunicacions, xerrades i debats sobre l'educació infantil, la primària, la secundària i la universitària.
On Medical Standardisation in Times of Scientific Uncertainty: The Management of Flu Epidemics by the French Military Medical Service After the World Pandemic (1920s–30s)
Authors: Pouget Benoît
Published: December 2024

Using the example of anti-influenza struggle during the 1920s and 1930s, this article asks how the French armed forces health service developed and implemented standardised medical and prophylactic management to face it in times of uncertainty about the nature of the pathogen. The notion of standardisation is placed at the center of the analysis inquiring how exogeneous as endogenous knowledge, norms and practices combined to design the most robust prophylactic and therapeutic strategies possible and their limits. Standardisation is presented as a process of continuous improvement where progressive rationalization of prophylactic measures widely inspired by the Pasteurian school and the improvements in the medical management of influenza patients in a context of therapeutic trial and error required regular changes to standardisation. The article highlights how the proximity between military and civilian actors involved in the production of norms and standards enables us to observe a gradual alignment between medical theories, laboratory research, bedside clinics, preventive measures and treatments used with technical, bureaucratic and organizational systems for the benefit of public health policy.
The Politics of Scheduling: Vaccination as Infrastructure, Spectacle, and Market in West Africa, 1960s–1980s
Authors: Tousignant Noemi
Published: December 2024

Vaccination schedules negotiate the timing of interactions among bodies, vaccines, and pathogens. Yet they do more: they orchestrate the movement of vaccines through factories, business plans, injecting devices, fridges, vehicles, healthcare labour, kinship relations, policy models, government budgets, and so on. This article approaches vaccine schedules as standards that synchronise the varying entities – and interests animating these – that make up vaccination infrastructures broadly defined. What unfolds is an examination of the politics of schedule-setting and implementation, set-out in three debates concerning vaccination in West Africa during a time of fitful, contested expansion in both the delivery of immunizing technologies and the development of basic healthcare infrastructure. The first debate concerns rhythms of vaccination during the US-led and funded West African Smallpox Eradication and Measles Control Program (SEMCP) in the latter 1960s, revealing tensions among this programme’s technopolitical priorities. Two later debates, about the optimal age for measles vaccination, and the minimum total doses/visits required for full immunization, reflect broader contests, from the late 1970s to the late 1980s, over the ultimate goals of the ‘Expanded Programme on Immunization’ (EPI). These three debates provide insight into how multiple actors vied for control over how routine childhood vaccination was to be enacted and imagined in West Africa.
[Intro] Standards and Their Containers: Introduction to the Thematic Issue on Histories of Microbial Pathogens from the Colonial to the Postcolonial Eras
Authors: Velmet Aro , Kirchhelle Claas
Published: December 2024

Standards and infrastructures have become ubiquitous objects of study in STS. They are critical to the global work of microbiology. However, the role of early twentieth-century colonial, military, and capitalist expansion in the production of these infrastructures is underappreciated. Further, the role of microbial “resistance” in shaping and changing the global microbiological order needs better elucidation. This requires connecting the technical work done in laboratories across the world with the global processes that have shaped much of the twentieth century. The articles in this thematic collection cast light on neglected temporal and geographic areas of human-microbial interactions, explore new ways of (re)reading historical sources to reveal (post)colonial distortions of scientific practice and acts of resistance, and underline the need to trace microbes and associated biomedical interventions not only within laboratories, but also within wider human and non-human environments.
“Actions Imposed by Circumstances”: The Colonial Origins of The Yellow Fever Vaccine Debate, 1940s–1970s
Authors: Velmet Aro
Published: December 2024

Why did the French neurotropic vaccine against yellow fever remain in global use from 1945 to the early 1980s, despite mounting evidence that it could cause fatal encephalitis in small children? This paper investigates debates over the safety and efficacy of the French Dakar-strain vaccine at the World Health Organization (WHO) in the postwar years. French microbiologists argued for retaining the vaccine, citing millions of successful jabs in colonial Africa during World War II. Critics pointed to well-documented postwar cases of serious adverse effects, and the availability of a safer alternative – the Rockefeller 17-D strain. Investigating the WHO-s debate reveals how postwar decisions to retain the Dakar strain as an emergency option, next to the 17-D vaccine, were shaped by prewar epidemiological data. These, in turn were limited by colonial infrastructure and racialized logics of wartime vaccination campaigns. Though the vaccine was supposed to be used only as an emergency alternative, in practice, its ease of use in West African settings made it the default option during outbreaks for decades.
Northern Normal: Laboratory Networks, Microbial Culture Collections, and Taxonomies of Power (1939–2000)
Authors: Kirchhelle Claas , Kirchhelle Charlotte
Published: December 2024

Bacteriophage-typing – using bacterial viruses to identify bacteria at the species and strain level – was the gold standard technology underlying the rapid expansion of international surveillance for major bacterial pathogens after 1945. The microbiological networks, taxonomies, and culture collections produced by phage-typers underpinned important advances in scientists’ understanding of microbial diversity and infection control efforts. However, embedded geopolitics, extractive microbial sampling, and cultural biases also distorted typing efforts and resulting findings in favour of high-income countries. Northern Normal merges classic historical research on phage-typing archives and publications with spatial analysis using ArcGIS to reconstruct the origins, rise, and biases of international phage-typing. Focusing on typing efforts for Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (the cause of typhoid fever), it shows how (post)colonial phage-typing networks cemented the dominance of Northern microbiological hubs and led to an inverse reading of microbial prevalence and relevance. Whereas strains prevalent in the Global North were designated universal, those from endemic areas in the South were exoticized. The article tracks how taxonomic distinctions between ‘universal’ Northern strains and high-prevalence ‘exotic’ strains reinforced biosecurity concerns about the reimport of typhoid from Southern countries, led to the choice of non-representative strains to test typhoid vaccines, and facilitated growing neglect of typhoid at the international level. The article ends by reflecting on the persistence of (post)colonial microbiological infrastructures and resulting surveillance distortions in the genomic era.
‘Worm Wars’: The Unravelling of the Randomised Control Trial Success Story
Authors: Vanderslott Samantha
Published: December 2024

What counts as evidence in global health? What happens when evidence is contested? This article concentrates on the ‘Worm Wars’, a public academic debate in 2015 on the effectiveness of health interventions to treat populations with parasitic worms, to assess how health interventions are appraised by different disciplinary perspectives. I discuss what happens when a success story about randomised control trials (or RCTs) – often hailed as the ‘gold standard’ of evidence adjudication – is contested but left unresolved. Questioning the prominence of RCTs through the unravelling of this evidence success story offers insights into how these forms of measurement are utilised in practice, first in the medical field and then more widely in economic development and global health policy. I address what a gold standard is within a hierarchy of evidence, as well as the standards that are imbued into RCTs by different disciplinary researchers, and the evidence requirements for health interventions in determining the impact of deworming medication. With the Worm Wars, I show how important measurement standards have become in defining and advocating for global health problems and what this means for the production of evidence.
Teaching the Politics of Numbers with EthnoData: Ethnographic Experimentations through Statistics in Ecuador
Authors: Suarez Maka , Núñez Jorge , Flores Mayra
Published: December 2024

This essay discusses the development and use of EthnoData, a multimodal and multimedia digital platform designed to critically engage different publics with data production and circulation in Ecuador. Created by Kaleidos, a research center at the University of Cuenca, EthnoData combines ethnography and large datasets on violent deaths, femicides, hate crimes, and missing people to analyze and challenge the conventional authority of official statistical evidence. EthnoData is also a pedagogical tool to disrupt linear narratives of violent deaths. It provides a collaborative learning space that enables users to generate their own theorizations and stories, highlighting the politics of classification and the socioeconomic inequalities embedded in the quantification of violence. The paper illustrates the platform's capacities through three examples: an interactive classroom exercise, an ethnographic essay on data reclassification, and its use in a deportation hearing in the US. These examples underscore EthnoData’s role in exposing the power dynamics in knowledge production and the real-life consequences of statistical categorizations. By democratizing access to data, EthnoData engages users in a critical reflection to question and better understand the politics and limitations of data, pushing for deeper and more nuanced comprehensions of statistical realities and their political implications.
Teaching and Learning with Situated Data: Socio-Technical Pedagogy and Reform at the Community Data Clinic and Biological Computer Lab
Authors: Chan Anita
Published: December 2024

This paper reviews how situated data methods were used to critically engage students in sociotechnical case studies drawn from campus history and archives in courses developed under the Community Data Clinic and the Biological Computer Lab at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. In contrast to conventional data practices—that have long been critiqued by feminist, critical race and decolonial STS scholars for conditioning researchers to adopt a disembodied, de-gendered, -raced and -classed “God’s eye view from nowhere” (Haraway 1988) in order to project claims to objectivity and universality, situated data practices underscore the need for acknowledging the kinds of epistemic violence that a reproduction of “seeing from nowhere” expands, including through accelerating trends in datafication on and off university campuses. Pedagogy around situated data cultivates instead more accountable research practices through acknowledging the specificity of data that researchers collect and the necessary partiality of any researcher’s ability to see and know. As I review here, too, situated data methods offer valuable lessons for teachers and scholars in critical data and STS fields working to preserve pluralist, human-centered approaches to data in the face of accelerating campus investments in industry-centered data science programs. Indeed, at a time when STS and critical data scholars are witnessing the rapid growth of data science programs on campuses that train students to uncritically meet the profit-driven demands of datafication driven largely by Big Tech companies, the adoption of situated data methods to revisit sociotechnical practice and STS’ own overlooked histories of innovation in intersection with counter-cultural politics in the US uncovers the richness of alternative resources. Such histories can highlight how sociotechnical change and infrastructural transformation are more than just the domain of industry sectors or elite knowledge institutions, especially when they involve justice-based reforms.
Standards, Pedagogies, and Celebrating the STS Infrastructure Award to ESTS
Authors: Otsuki Grant Jun , Kenner Ali , Dréano Clément , Invernizzi Noela , Kaşdoğan Duygu , Khandekar Aalok , Okune Angela , Raman Sujatha , Schütz Tim , Vasen Federico , Windle Amanda , York Emily
Published: December 2024

Volume 10 comes in two parts, issue 1 and 2 published together. The double issue includes two Thematic Collections, “Standards and their Containers” and “Pedagogical Intersections.” It also includes two original research articles and an engagements piece. With this issue, ESTS also celebrates winning the Infrastructure Award 2024 awarded by the Society for Social Studies of Science (4S).
Storying Monocrop Infrastructure: A Conversation on Governance, Scale, and Failure
Authors: Chao Sophie , Hetherington Kregg
Published: December 2024

Plantations have recently become the focus of renewed empirical and conceptual inquiry across the social sciences, arts, and humanities. Scholarship in this interdisciplinary space calls on us to reckon with industrial monocultures’ enduring role in shaping contemporary structural inequalities, dominant technoscientific regimes, uneven divisions of labor, environmental violence, and struggles for justice, recognition, and repair. This Engagement piece contributes to these emerging currents by bringing into dialogue two scholars conducting research on monocrop systems in Latin America (Kregg Hetherington as interviewee) and Southeast Asia (Sophie Chao as interviewer). Anchored in Hetherington’s concept of “agribiopolitics,” the interview approaches monocrops through the two interrelated themes of governance and failure. Governance brings us to consider the forms of control, management, monitoring, and accountability that undergird agribiopolitical regimes, the institutions, practices, and mechanisms that make them possible, and the structures of exclusion, oppression, and violence on which they often depend. Failure brings us to attend to the limits or tipping points of governance as system and process—it’s rough edges, its unexpected failings, its uneven distribution, and how failure can be both productive and an opportunity for flight. In reflecting on ways of storying monocrops otherwise, we invite theoretical and methodological dialogue around the form and effects of anthropocenic infrastructures more broadly across the fields of science and technology studies, anthropology, critical race studies, political ecology, agrarian studies, and the environmental humanities. This interview is a revised and expanded version of an Author-
Meets-Critic conversation that took place at the Society for Social Studies of Science, (4S) meeting in Cholula, Mexico, where Hetherington’s monograph, The Government of Beans, received the 2022 Rachel Carson Award.
Protein Lysate and Immunoblotting v1
Authors: Bentley-DeSousa Amanda , Ferguson Shawn
Published: December 2024

This protocol details steps taken to create protein lysates and perform immunoblotting in RAW 264.7 cells.
RNA-seq protocol v1
Authors: Luo Renhe , Beer Michael , Huangfu Danwei
Published: December 2024

RNA-seq protocol for ESC-DE differentiation timecourse
Exploring Learning Strategies of Students Studying in English-Medium Instruction Courses: A Case Study in the Thai Context
Authors: Ngamchatturat Thanatcha , Jumpakate Thidaphorn , Seepho Sirinthorn
Published: December 2024

Despite the abundance of research focusing on the perspectives, challenges, and needs of students learning English as a Medium of Instruction (EMI), there is a lack of studies examining the learning strategies employed by students in different academic disciplines. To fill this research gap, this study investigated the most common learning strategies adopted by students in EMI programs and explored the factors influencing their choice of strategies. The study was conducted at a university in Thailand, involving 40 students from medical and engineering schools. A qualitative research design, utilizing an inductive approach, was employed, with data collection conducted through focus group interviews. The thematic analysis revealed that participants primarily relied on cognitive, language-focused, social, and affective strategies. Nevertheless, only a small number employed metacognitive strategies. Furthermore, four main factors—language barriers, content-related issues, tests and assessments, and anxieties—were found to influence students' selection of learning strategies. Pedagogical implications suggest that Instructors should enhance technological integration, provide language support, offer supplementary study materials, and encourage metacognitive activities to motivate students to reflect on their learning experiences. Collaborative learning and a supportive classroom atmosphere are also essential for EMI courses.
ICT-Based Teaching Aids to Enhance English Language Proficiency of Indian Engineering Students
Authors: Deepa R. , Rehena Sk. , Padma A. Neeraja , Padmalatha M. K. , Zayed Enas Kamal , Sathikumari Meera Karthikeyan Nair , Jamal Afsha , Saba Naheed
Published: December 2024

Technology has provided access to a wide variety of teaching tools, including digital tools like Google Classroom, Quizlet, Zoom, Kahoot, and Nearpod, as well as older technology like radio, television, video, and computers for those who are both teaching and learning the English language. Even before personal computers first became a common household item in the 1990s, many people believed they would revolutionize education, and using computer-based instruction and learning for the study of languages was no exception. Nevertheless, ICT-based English language learning has only recently become available in India. Technology is currently used in many educational institutions to teach subjects like languages. Consequently, technology in general and information and communication technology (ICT) in particular have made it possible for everyone around the globe to learn for themselves. Therefore, the focus of the researchers nowadays is on utilizing particular ICT-based instructional materials to improve the English language skills of engineering students from rural backgrounds. In the modern day, obtaining a job no longer solely depends on subject-matter expertise. Without a doubt, Rural Background Engineering (RBE) students must be skilled communicators in English these days in order to find employment. This paper focuses on the effective use of technology to enhance Indian RBE students English language instruction within a result-focused context. Therefore, integrating technology into language instruction offers clear benefits that pertain to both language education and preparing pupils for today’s information culture.digital tools
The Source Domain “Boxing” in Vietnamese Newspaper Discourse: The Case of Online Newspapers
Authors: Huong Le Vien Lan , Hanh Nguyen Thi Bích , Giang Pham Thuy , Ha Pham Thi Xuan , Thoa Ho Thi
Published: December 2024

The article explores the appearance of the metaphor ‘POLITICS IS A BOXING MATCH’ in online Vietnamese newspapers. Based on the linkages embedded in the experience and knowledge projected from the source domain to the target domain, the article clarifies the mapping mechanism between the spatial domains 'boxing' and 'politics' and explains the mechanism of moving and copying attributes between the two spatial domains ‘source’ and ‘target’ in the authors' linguistic thinking.  Based on the partial projection principles of metaphors, this paper presents the hierarchical characteristics of the authors’ conceptual thinking. From the basic metaphor ‘POLITICS IS A BOXING MATCH’, through the mapping structure, the paper proves that four derived metaphors in online Vietnamese newspapers relate to four prominent characteristics of the source domain: ‘a blow’, ‘boxing tactics’, ‘the rules of boxing’, and ‘illegal blows’. The paper highlights the distinct way of thinking in conceptual structures on political issues based on the logical relationships in the mapping organization of conceptual metaphors. It also helps to clarify how Vietnamese media views politics, a topic that is intrinsic to the social superstructure and vital to the survival and advancement of a nation that is firmly devoted to socialism and is moving toward development.
Analyzing ChatGPT's Sustainability as a Language Learning Tool: Saudi EFL Learners' Perspectives, Problems and Pedagogical Prospects
Authors: Jamshed Mohammad , Allehyani Badr , Albedah Fatimah , Banu Sameena
Published: December 2024

The study assessed Saudi EFL students' perspectives on ChatGPT's incorporation into EFL classrooms for language acquisition and instruction, challenges and barriers, and pedagogical prospects. 212 respondents were randomly selected from different stages of the undergraduate programs at the College of Business Administration and College of Science & Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, KSA. A questionnaire with self-designed and partially incorporated items from existing studies was utilised to collect the data from the respondents. The data was analyzed quantitatively using descriptive statistics.  It was found that Saudi EFL learners held an immensely favorable perspective on the efficacy of ChatGPT incorporation into EFL classrooms. It was also found that ChatGPT-powered classrooms posed certain challenges such as erroneous results, plagiarism and reproduction, professional integrity, listening and speaking, failure to think critically, and incapability to understand cultural and psychological contexts embedded in idioms and language expressions. However, it was also found that ChatGPT, despite its limitations, offers significant educational implications as it can satisfy learners' specific needs better than conventional language learning and teaching methods.
Berman’s Model of Deforming Tendencies in the English Translation of Mahfouz’s Novel Children of Gabalaawi
Authors: Hamdan Mahmood I. , Nasser Luqman. A.
Published: December 2024

This research aims to study Berman's deformation tendencies toward Arabic literary texts in the process of translation into English, using novel translation as a case study. The paper will explain the twelve deforming tendencies and their recurrence in the translation. Then it will present these tendencies sequentially. The task is accomplished through applying the negative analytical model proposed by the French translator and critic Antoine Berman (1985), which he calls "deformation tendencies," to the revised English translation of Naguib Mahfouz's novel “Children of Gabalaawi” by the British writer and translator Philip Stewart (1996). The selected examples will be analyzed and discussed to determine the practice of deformation in the analyzed examples. To achieve this subjectively the researchers have selected the first two hundred sentences in the first chapter of the novel. The selected texts were read thoroughly to identify the examples covered by these deformations, and then the sentences were analyzed sequentially and comprehensively. Finally, comparing the examples under study and presenting the proposed translation in accordance with Berman's model, the researchers have found results that support Berman's theory of deformation tendencies. The data selected found nearly 330 cases relating to Berman’s model, a large number in 200 sentences.
Doing News Coverage Through Scripture: A Critical Analysis of Intertextuality and Metaphors in Aljazeera Media Discourse
Authors: Otaif Fahad Ahmed
Published: December 2024

The current paper is a critical cognitive corpus-based analysis of Aljazeera Arabic news reports that have utilized the Qur’anic scripture in an implicit way to report on political events that took place in Egypt in 2011. While it is well-known in academic research that intertextuality can be determined by metaphors in media discourse (Semino, 2008; Otaif, 2015), the current paper found that intertextuality can also constitute a main discourse metaphor that serves as an effective discursive tool to influence or manufacture the public ideological stance and consent to social events. The findings raise ethical concerns over the use of the Qur’anic scripture in political news discourse and call for further critical research.
Exploring ChatGPT Practices and User Experiences in Learning English Skills
Authors: Khzouz Afag , Salaita Osama , Al-Issawi Juhaina Maan , AlTaher Bassmah B. , Alkhenizan Huda Hamad
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the utilization of ChatGPT as a tool for enhancing English language proficiency, specifically targeting fluency, vocabulary acquisition, writing, reading comprehension, and listening skills. A survey was conducted to evaluate students' engagement with ChatGPT in their language learning practices. The results indicate that regular interaction with ChatGPT on diverse topics significantly improves language fluency and comprehension. Furthermore, the tool facilitates vocabulary expansion by introducing new words, along with their definitions, pronunciations, and contextual usage. In the realm of writing, ChatGPT supports the development of creative writing skills, such as story and poetry composition, while providing essential grammar feedback. The importance of grammar is emphasized, with students encouraged to practice using meaningful examples and correct errors. Additionally, the study underscores the role of ChatGPT in enhancing reading comprehension through summarization exercises and listening skills using conversation transcripts and pronunciation practice. The research also highlights ChatGPT's effectiveness in exam preparation by offering practice opportunities and feedback. Finally, the study emphasizes the tool’s role in deepening understanding of idiomatic expressions and cultural nuances, and its use in language games and interactive tests to reinforce language skills, positioning ChatGPT as a valuable resource for English learners.
The Influence of Technology-Enhanced Feedback on Saudi Female EFL Learners’ Writing Gains
Authors: Aldossary Khaled S.
Published: December 2024

The current study examined the influence of online peer feedback on the writing ability and self-efficacy of female learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) in Saudi Arabia. The participants were 78 learners divided into two experimental groups and one control group. The experimental groups used Google Docs to complete their writing assignments and exchange comments, whereas the control group received traditional teacher feedback. Pre-test and post-test self-efficacy ratings were collected on a scale of 1 to 5. The results yielded that the experimental groups improved significantly in self-efficacy compared to their counterparts in the control group. Based on these findings, using Google Docs for peer feedback is likely to assist in improving writing skills and substantially boost writing confidence. The present study thus contributes to the existing body of literature and to the field of EFL education by emphasizing the potential benefits of peer feedback through digital tools and platforms.
Analysis of Arabic Translations of English Implied Sentences: Difficulties and Implications
Authors: Kuran Mohammad A Al , Domi Khalid Bani
Published: December 2024

English implied conditionals pose a challenge when translated into Arabic for syntactic and semantic reasons. This study therefore aims to identify some potential problems when translating conditional sentences without the conditional marker ‘if’ or any other conditional marker. To accomplish this goal, thirty Arab students from Yarmouk University were requested to translate a list of inferred conditional structures into their target language (TL) equivalents. The study demonstrates that Arabic conditionals do not accurately convey the syntactic and semantic characteristics of English conditionals that are presented without the conditional particle "if". It also demonstrates that the implicit conditionals cannot be fully translated into non-conditional forms. The study concludes with a discussion of the study’s implications for class from a pedagogical perspective.
Pedagogical Principles as the Basis for Multiliteracy Assessment in Literature Learning in Higher Education
Authors: Neina Qurrota Ayu , Nuryatin Agus , Supriyanto RM. Teguh , Mardikantoro Hari Bakti , Qomariyah U’um , Burhanudin Muhammad
Published: December 2024

The two main topics covered in this paper are the pedagogical principles of multiliteracy as the cornerstone of successful assessment and the ideal forms of literariness in higher education teaching and learning. Evaluating multiliteracy is essential for showing that students have understood the material and proving that they can interact with many genres at the same degree of complexity. These evaluations are also essential for informing decisions about education and curriculum development. Assessments' design must incorporate practical educational concepts to convert theoretical frameworks into proper instruments that guarantee relevance, fairness, and accuracy. Assessments can create a learning environment that supports the development of critical professional skills by upholding solid pedagogical ideas. This study follows Borg and Gall's research and development (R&D) approach, concentrating on the first two phases, Phase 1 (information collection and research) and Phase 2 (planning). It uses needs analysis and research data to direct the evaluation procedure. The results highlight the need to include practical pedagogical components, such as explicit knowledge transformation, real-world practice contexts, and reflective learning, in assessing multiliteracy in literary education. With a heavy emphasis on literary literacy, these guidelines guarantee that evaluations in literary education test critical thinking, creativity, and the capacity to comprehend and produce various types of literacy in addition to content knowledge.
Contrastive Discourse Analysis of the Interpersonal Relationships Between the Two Main Characters of the English Novel Gone With the Wind and Its Vietnamese Translation Cuốn Theo Chiều Gió
Authors: Tran Tuyen Thi Kim
Published: December 2024

This paper explored the interpersonal relationships between the characters Rhett Butler and Scarlett O'Hara in the English novel Gone with the Wind and its Vietnamese translation, Cuốn theo chiều gió. By comparing the English and Vietnamese versions of their interactions, this study aimed to highlight how cultural and linguistic differences influence the portrayal of relationships. A comparative discourse analysis approach was employed, focusing on key dialogues and interactions between Rhett and Scarlett in both the original English text and the Vietnamese translation. The analysis examined linguistic strategies, speech acts, and interpersonal dynamics through a detailed examination of language use, politeness strategies, and emotional expression to understand how these elements vary between the two languages and reflect cultural differences. The study revealed distinct variations in how the interpersonal dynamics between Rhett and Scarlett are articulated in English and Vietnamese. In English, the discourse often emphasizes directness and emotional intensity, reflecting Western norms of assertiveness and individualism. In contrast, the Vietnamese translation tends to highlight indirectness and subtlety, aligning with cultural norms of politeness and respect. These differences underscore the influence of cultural context on interpersonal communication and relationship portrayal. The findings suggest that while the core narrative remains consistent, the nuances of character interactions are significantly shaped by linguistic and cultural factors. This study underscores the importance of considering cultural context in discourse analysis and translation studies, revealing how language reflects and constructs social relationships. Future research could explore other cultural pairs to further understand these dynamics in various contexts.
Mapeamento da fragilidade ambiental potencial e emergente em Patos de Minas, Minas Gerais
Authors: Martins Matos Ana Carolina , Torres José Luiz Rodrigues , Ferreira Ricardo Vicente , Loss Arcângelo , Martines Marcos Roberto , Vieira Dinamar Márcia da Silva
Published: December 2024

A análise da fragilidade ambiental potencial e emergente utilizando técnicas de geoprocessamento e análise de multicritérios é uma importante ferramenta que pode subsidiar a tomada de decisões para a implantação de políticas públicas no município, intervindo nas ações antrópicas em favor da sustentabilidade e da responsabilidade ambiental. Neste estudo objetivou-se determinar a fragilidade ambiental potencial e a emergente utilizando-se de técnicas de geoprocessamento e análise multicritérios, em Patos de Minas, MG. A partir da integração dos dados declividade, geomorfologia, classes do solo, uso e ocupação do solo, pluviosidade e planície de inundação, foi gerado o mapa de fragilidade ambiental potencial (FAP) e emergente (FAE) da área utilizando a avaliação multicritério de um conjunto de planos de informações ambientais. Para as análises das planilhas de dados utilizou-se o software ArcGis na plataforma de Sistemas de Informações Geográficas. Na região avaliada predominam os Latossolos nas áreas com até 20% de declividade, que equivale a 76,48% da área total ou 2.438,87 km2, e que estão menos sujeitos aos processos erosivos, devido à presença de elevada cobertura vegetal. Os resultados mostram que 76,59% da área do município possuem fragilidade ambiental potencial e 96,31% de fragilidade ambiental emergente, nas classes de baixa à média. As áreas do município apresentaram índices alto e muito alto de fragilidade potencial ambiental de 23,52% e emergente de 3,70%, evidenciando a baixa degradação ambiental na região. A determinação da FAE mostra que 70% da área do município são áreas propensas à ocorrência de processos erosivos, informação esta que deve ser levada em consideração no planejamento de uso da área agrícola e urbana da região.