bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of internet marketing in industry 4.0
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kostianchuk Kristina
Published: January 2023

The aim of the article. The purpose of the article is the development of theoretical and methodological principles regarding the influence of the fourth industrial revolution on Internet marketing. Analyses results. The article is devoted to the study of the impact of the fourth industrial revolution on Internet marketing as an adaptive marketing activity in the New Normality. The components of Internet marketing of communication nature are presented: media advertising, contextual advertising, search marketing, and SEO, promotion on social networks; internet branding, content marketing, direct marketing, etc. Possibilities of using the Internet in marketing are presented and developed. Uspensky in the areas of marketing research and marketing communications (commodity, pricing, exchange, and distribution policy). The Industry 4.0 study was conducted and described the main expected changes in the four most important technological advances - the Internet of Things, digital ecosystems, Data-Driven Decision, and artificial intelligence. The Internet is penetrating more and more into everyday life and, in combination with new technologies in Industry 4.0, is being modified to maximize the "optimization" of life and consumption. The influence of the technologies of the fourth industrial revolution on Internet marketing is considered and the theoretical modeling of the influence of innovative technologies on the communication component of Internet marketing in the context of the presented structure is carried out. It was determined that the fourth industrial revolution requires maximum personalization of content, changes in Internet communication channels, giving meaning to the concept of "social capital", which has influencers, thought leaders, and so on. At the same time, the transition from the era of goods to the era of technology defines competitiveness as the ability to become part of the technological chain and development in conditions of economic singularity. It is crucial to identify the components of marketing activities that need research and modification to enter the new market of Industry 4.0. Conclusions and directions for further research. Based on the research conducted, this article stated the impact of Industry 4.0 on Internet marketing and presented some changes that can change the impact of innovative technologies on the main structural elements of Internet marketing and use its results in the consumer and industrial market when developing a marketing strategy. The obtained results allow formulation and develop the principles of marketing activities on the Internet, considering changes in industrialization 4.0.
Peculiarities of economic psychology and its role in the study of consumer behavior
Authors:   Odessа Polytechnic National University, Sinkovska Victoriia
Published: January 2023

The aim of the article to determine the essence and features of economic psychology. Also display its influence on modern marketing theory. The results of the analyses. The author considers the position of economic psychology in the system of psychological science and comes to the conclusion that it is still very weakly reflected by the professional community, many issues of theoretical content remain unresolved, which usually accompany the formation of any new field of psychological knowledge and require quite long periods for their solution. The author notes that the most hotly debated issue is the relationship between economic psychology and social psychology. It is especially noted that there is some more general regularity in the emergence and formation of a number of modern branches of psychological science, because similar discussions revolve around the status of organizational, historical, political, cross-cultural psychology, etc. In the article, the author emphasizes that the current professional understanding of this issue is in such a state that it is still too early to affirm a single option as fundamentally correct or to completely deny any of them as incorrect. In fact, the scientific debate about the status of economic psychology is not over. A certain "fuzzy" understanding of the essence, features and differences of psychological economics from classical psychology requires detailed study and approval of the basic principles that identify the scientific field. Conclusions and perspectives for further research. The article examines economic psychology as a separate science, the emergence of which significantly influenced the methodology of studying consumer behavior, first of all, by expanding the methodological possibilities and aspects of research. The chronology of the development of economic psychology is analyzed, the main reasons and prerequisites for its separation into a separate science are given. Features of interdisciplinary connections, principles operating within economic psychology are highlighted. The main advantages of the existence of economic psychology and the peculiarities of research within the scope of science are grouped in detail in the article. As a further development, the author defines the development of detailed tools for practical application in the activities of marketing specialists.
Assessment of the market potential of African countries
Authors:   State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Oklander Igor
Published: January 2023

The aim of the article. The purpose of the article is to development of a methodology for assessing the attractiveness of the market of African countries for domestic enterprises. The results of the analyses. The reasons that prevent the development of the African sales market have been identified: the opposition of world power centers; non-transparency of funding and total corruption at all levels of government; low level of technology development; cultural, religious and social contradictions in many countries; complex epidemiological situation; lack of necessary transport infrastructure; low level of population urbanization; low level of literacy. A methodology for assessing the attractiveness of the market of African countries is proposed based on the use of five criteria: potential market capacity, dynamics of market sales, complexity of marketing efforts for the enterprise, project payback terms, product complementarity to the enterprise's current business. Conclusions and perspectives for further research. For successful work in the African market, it is necessary to perform the following actions: make more significant efforts in studying the foreign market and carefully adhere to the principles of marketing; set high requirements for the quality, knowledge, technical level of goods, service, advertising, packaging, design; strictly take into account the requirements of foreign markets, their conditions, potential, opportunities for diversification on it; use close direct relations with foreign consumers, intermediaries, brokers, participate in auctions, fairs and exhibitions, use leasing and other methods that would contribute to the expansion of foreign economic relations; take into account the peculiarities of the global market: the presence of competitors, their prices, terms of sale of goods, volume of sales, advertising, methods of distribution and promotion of goods and services
Management of price policy in the enterprise
Authors:   National University «Odessa Polytechnic», Panchenko Mariia , Strenkovska Anna ,   National University «Odessa Polytechnic»
Published: January 2023

The aim of the article. The purpose of the article is to highlight the theoretical aspects of price policy management at the enterprise in modern business conditions. The results of the analyses. The article is devoted to the study of price policy trends based on the use of a marketing approach, taking into account a comprehensive analysis of the enterprise's activity and modern trends of world experience in studying the conditions and factors of price policy. The work summarizes the initial elements of the development of the company's pricing policy. The main stages of the price policy management process are formulated. The main blocks of the price policy management process at the enterprise are considered, as well as the goals of the price policy are summarized and reflected. Conclusions and perspectives for further research. It was determined that the price policy of the enterprise is one of the decisive factors of its successful functioning, prosperity of competitiveness in the market. An effective pricing policy should take into account the current needs of the market and strive to achieve the best financial results for the organization. The result of a competent price policy should be not only the establishment of a competitive price for the product, but also the creation of a complete system of prices at the enterprise, which would allow the establishment of prices for the goods produced by the enterprise, based on the geographical features of the location of the sales market, the financial capabilities of consumers, and the seasonal consumption of goods and other equally important aspects.
The STC2–PAPP-A–IGFBP4–IGF1 axis and its associations to mortality and CVD in T2D
Authors: Gude Mette Faurholdt , Hjortebjerg Rikke , Bjerre Mette , Charles Morten Haaning , Witte Daniel R , Sandbæk Annelli , Frystyk Jan
Published: January 2023

Objective

Physiologically, pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) serves to liberate bound IGF1 by enzymatic cleavage of IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs), IGFBP4 in particular. Clinically, PAPP-A has been linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Stanniocalcin-2 (STC2) is a natural inhibitor of PAPP-A enzymatic activity, but its association with CVD is unsettled. Therefore, we examined associations between the STC2–PAPP-A–IGFBP4–IGF1 axis and all-cause mortality and CVD in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Design

We followed 1284 participants with T2D from the ADDITION trial for 5 years.

Methods

Circulating concentrations of STC2, PAPP-A, total and intact IGFBP4 and IGF1 and -2 were measured at inclusion. End-points were all-cause mortality and a composite CVD event: death from CVD, myocardial infarction, stroke, revascularisation or amputation. Survival analysis was performed by Cox proportional hazards model.

Results

During follow-up, 179 subjects presented with an event. After multivariable adjustment, higher levels of STC2, PAPP-A, as well as intact and total IGFBP4, were associated with all-cause mortality; STC2: hazard ratio (HR) = 1.84 (1.09–3.12) (95% CI); P = 0.023, PAPP-A: HR = 2.81 (1.98–3.98); P < 0.001, intact IGFBP4: HR = 1.43 (1.11–1.85); P = 0.006 and total IGFBP4: HR = 3.06 (1.91–4.91); P < 0.001. Higher PAPP-A levels were also associated with CVD events: HR = 1.74 (1.16–2.62); P = 0.008, whereas lower IGF1 levels were associated with all-cause mortality: HR = 0.51 (0.34–0.76); P = 0.001.

Conclusions

This study supports that PAPP-A promotes CVD and increases mortality. However, STC2 is also associated with mortality. Given that STC2 inhibits the enzymatic effects of PAPP-A, we speculate that STC2 either serves to counteract harmful PAPP-A actions or possesses effects independently of the PAPP-A–IGF1 axis.

Significance statement

PAPP-A has pro-atherosclerotic effects and exerts these most likely through IGF1. IGF1 is regulated by the STC2–PAPP-A–IGFBP4–IGF1 axis, where STC2, an irreversible inhibitor of PAPP-A, has been shown to reduce the development of atherosclerotic lesions in mice. We examined the association of this axis to mortality and CVD in T2D. We demonstrated an association between PAPP-A and CVD. All components of the STC2–PAPP-A–IGFBP4–IGF1 axis were associated with mortality and it is novel that STC2 was associated with mortality in T2D. Our study supports that inhibition of PAPP-A may be a new approach to reducing mortality and CVD. Whether modification of STC2 could serve as potential intervention warrants further investigation.
Eating Alone and Metabolic Syndrome: A Population-Based Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2019
Authors: Lee Jeongmin , Hyun Minwoo , Suh Youngsung , Kim Daehyun , Hong Seungwan
Published: January 2023

Background: With the increase in the number of single-person households, the number of people eating alone is increasing, and several previous studies have been published that this eating culture affects health, including the latest data on the risk of metabolic syndrome caused by eating alone.Methods: Of the 24,229 people who participated in the 2017-2019 National Health and Nutrition Survey, a cross-sectional study was conducted on 10,717 adults under the age of 65 who responded to questions to determine whether they ate together and metabolic syndrome for 1 year.Results: It was found that the risk of metabolic syndrome increased when eating alone, and further analysis by gender showed that the risk of metabolic syndrome increased in women as they ate alone (odds ratio, 1.46; 95% confidence interval, 1.210-1.771). As a result of dividing the metabolic syndrome indicators, it was found that men showed significant differences only in neutral fat levels, while women showed significant differences in all indicators.Conclusions: According to the results of this study, it is found that eating alone affects the risk of metabolic syndrome in adults under the age of 65, especially women, so it is considered necessary to prevent and manage metabolic syndrome in the population of eating alone in the future.
Barriers to the Healthy Lifestyle Practices of 30-50s Living in the Community: Applying Focus Group Interview
Authors: Kim Min Hye , Chun Jin Ho , Lee Yun Mi , Seol Roma
Published: January 2023

Background: Prevention of chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes is important, but few studies have identified barriers to healthy lifestyle practices among adults in their 30-50s. Therefore, this study is intended to be used as basic data for establishing a prevention and control strategy for chronic diseases.Methods: This study is a qualitative content analysis study using the focus group interview methodology. According to the inductive content analysis method, data were analyzed through the steps of ‘making sense of the data and whole’, ‘open coding’, ‘grouping’, ‘categorization’, and ‘abstraction’.Results: The categories of barriers to healthy lifestyle practice were derived as follows. ‘Low interest in health care’ in the intrapersonal domain, ‘absence of an assistant’ in the interpersonal domain, ‘organizational environment in which it is difficult to a healthy lifestyle practice’ in the organizational domain, ‘lack of infrastructure’ and ‘restrictions on use of public health centers’ in the community domain.Conclusions: For the prevention and management of chronic diseases, adults in their 30-50s should be encouraged to take an interest in healthy lifestyle practices and increase their will. For healthy lifestyle practice, it is necessary to allow family members and friends to participate as helpers. In addition, at work, employers should pay attention to workers' health management, adjust working hours, and reduce the burden of company dinner to create an organizational environment for healthy lifestyle practice. Lastly, infrastructure such as public sports facilities should be additionally expanded, and the contents of public health centers' programs should be promoted.
The Moderating Effect of Communication Competence in the Relationship between Emotional Labor and Job Stress in Nurses
Authors: Kim Hee Jung , Cho Min Jeong
Published: January 2023

Background: This study aimed to investigate the extent to which communication competence, emotional labor and job stress among a group of Korean nurses working in the hospital. Also, the moderating role of nurses' communication competence was evaluated between emotional labor and job stress.Methods: This study used a cross-sectional descriptive design. Data were collected from 309 nurses working in four general hospitals in Korea from June 30 to July 20, 2021. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Analysis of Variance, t-test, Pearson correlation, and Hierarchical Regression with the SPSS/WIN ver. 28.0 program (IBM.Co., Armonk, NY, USA).Results: The average score of emotional labor, job stress, and communication ability was 3.39, 3.51, and 3.47 out of 5, respectively. Emotional labor showed a significant correlation between communication competency and job stress, in the relationship between emotional labor and job stress, the moderating effect of communication competency was found to be significant (β=-0.162, P<0.01).Conclusions: The results showed that it is necessary to make efforts to alleviate communication competency, Emotional labor and job stress plays a buffering role in these relationships. It is suggested that an effective communication training program needs to be developed to cultivate communication skills and attitudes that can be applied to nursing practice.
Metabolic Syndrome and Health-Related Quality of Life among Patients with Liver Transplantation
Authors: Kim Suejin , Choo Jina
Published: January 2023

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine whether metabolic syndrome (MetS) and MetS management behaviors would be significantly associated with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among patients with liver transplantation.Methods: Ninety-four patients who underwent liver transplantation were recruited at an outpatient clinic from a university hospital in Seoul. MetS was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III. MetS management behaviors were measured by using the Evaluation Tool of a Lifestyle Habit for MetS Modification. HRQOL was measured by using the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form Health Survey-36 II and analyzed by categorizing physical and mental quality of life (QOL). Results: The means of physical and mental QOLs were 82.3 and 82.8 scores, respectively. MetS prevalence was 72.3% and a mean of MetS management behaviors was 97.0. MetS prevalence was not significantly associated with either physical or mental QOLs. A total score of the MetS management behaviors was significantly associated with physical (β=0.42, P=0.008) and mental QOLs (β=0.44, P=0.001). Of the MetS management behaviors, diet control and drinking & smoking control were significantly associated with physical QOL (P<0.05 for all). Physical activity, diet control, and drinking & smoking control were significantly associated with mental QOL (P<0.05 for all).Conclusions: MetS prevalence may not associate with HRQOL directly but MetS management behaviors may associate with HRQOL among patients with liver transplantation. Therefore, nursing strategies for promoting MetS management behaviors should be enhanced to improve their HRQOL levels in outpatient clinics and community settings.
Awareness, Knowledge, and Vaccination Status of Meningococcal Meningitis Vaccination: A Comparative Study on International and Korean University Students
Authors: Shin Kyung Suk , Sun Hwa Yeon , Kwak David Samuel , Yoo Byung Wook
Published: January 2023

Background: Meningococcal meningitis is a disease that can cause severe and possibly fatal side effects. To prevent the spread of meningococcal meningitis, which is a highly transmissible disease, 16 states in the USA mandate entering college students to receive meningococcal vaccination. Nevertheless, South Korea does not. This study aims to point out the importance of meningococcal vaccination by comparing the level of general knowledge and recognition of the requirement for vaccination among university students in the USA/Canada and Korea.Methods: The study was conducted using a self-filled questionnaire survey targeting international and Korean students at one of Korea's universities. The survey focused on topics such as knowledge of infectious diseases that can occur at the dormitory residence, infectious agents and routes of meningococcal meningitis infection and infection route, and students' intention to receive meningococcal vaccination.Results: International university students had a higher awareness of the importance of infectious disease prevention than Korean students (P<0.05) and also had higher meningococcal-related knowledge (P<0.05).International universities strongly recommend meningococcal vaccination compared to Korean universities (P<0.05), and the actual vaccination rate was higher than that of domestic university students (P<0.05).Conclusions: This study found that the awareness of meningococcal vaccination among Korean university students was lower than that of international university students, and the vaccination rate was also lower. Because students often do not get vaccinated due to low awareness of the meningococcal disease, health education programs can increase their knowledge about infectious diseases and awareness of vaccines. Thus, increasing the vaccination rate.
Changes of Body Mass Index and the Incidence of Hypertension in Late Middle Age: A Nationwide Cohort Study in South Korea
Authors: Jung Se Young , Jang Yeon Hoon , Bae Woo Kyung , Han Jong Soo
Published: January 2023

Background: Previous studies revealed weight gain is an independent risk factor for hypertension. Hypertension in late middle age increases the risks of dementia and cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to analyze the difference in the risk of hypertension in the late middle age according to the change of body mass index (BMI) using nationwide cohort data of South Korea.Methods: We used 64,136 individuals from National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort in South Korea. The primary endpoint is newly diagnosed hypertension after observation start date, which was defined as the date of first examination after 50. BMI changes were measured between two consecutive health examinations before and after 50. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between the change of BMI and the risk of hypertension.Results: During the mean follow-up period of 3.4±1.9 years, 8,676 individuals were diagnosed with hypertension. Both normal-to-obese group and obese-to-obese group had 19% higher risk for hypertension, and obese-to normal group had 10% higher risk for hypertension in late middle age, compared to normal-to-normal group.Conclusions: We confirmed becoming obese and maintaining obese increase the risk of hypertension in late middle age. Thus, clinicians need to assess obese patients regularly for the possibility of new onset hypertension and take preventive measure to reduce the risk by losing weights before late middle age.
A Study on the Effects of Supported Independent Housing for the Persons with Mental Disabilities
Authors: Kim Hee Jung , Oh Hee Young , Baek Seo Ha
Published: January 2023

Background: This study is a 1-year follow-up study for mentally disabled people who started living independently. The purpose of this study is to confirm the performance of the supported independent housing (SIH) program for severe mental illness and to compare the effectiveness with the collective living family, a group home (GH).Methods: This study included mentally disabled people living in publicly supported SIH (n=24) and living in GH (n=31). The outcome measures were brief psychiatric rating scale, Global Assessment Function (GAF), internalized stigma, hope, self-esteem, life satisfaction, and working alliance. Analyzes were performed using descriptive methods and chi-square analysis, Independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test, and Friedman test.Results: In the case of the SIH group, GAF and internalized stigma showed a significant effect after 1 year, and the working alliance showed a tendency to decrease at 6 months and then increase again after 1 year. In comparison between the two groups, only GAF showed a significant difference after 1 year. Hope, self-esteem, and life satisfaction showed a significant effect in the GH group after 1 year, but not in the SIH group.Conclusions: Results show that the SIH and GH housing types achieve different results over the 1-year period. GAF and internalized stigma were significant in SIH, and psychological variables were significant in GH. In GAF, SIH showed a more significant effect than GH. Housing support should take into account the various individual circumstances and preferences of the client, and above all, securing housing stability and expanding accessibility is important.
Factors Affecting Fatigue in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Boo Sunjoo , Choi Bomin
Published: January 2023

Background: Despite the fact that disease activity, including blood inflammation level, has been lowered with the recent improvement in rheumatoid arthritis treatment, the number of patients appealing of symptoms, such as fatigue, is maintained at a certain level. Fatigue is the most common subjective symptom of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and a major factor influencing health behavior and quality of life. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the factors affecting fatigue to prepare basic data for the development of interventions to improve the quality of life of participants with rheumatoid arthritis.Methods: Cross-sectional data collected using structured questionnaires and medical record reviews were analyzed for 246 rheumatoid arthritis outpatients from a university-affiliated hospital.Results: Level of fatigue was an average of 4.4 out of 10, and 56.5% was evaluated as a remission level based on the disease activity score 28 (DAS28). Factors significantly affecting fatigue were pain and learned helplessness. Higher levels of pain and learned helplessness were associated with higher levels of fatigue.Conversely, there was no statistically significant difference in the fatigue levels of the participants according to the DAS28, objective disease activity index.Conclusions: To reduce the fatigue levels of the participants with rheumatoid arthritis, learned helplessness, including pain control, should be lowered. The participant’s attitude towards the disease should be evaluated and the participants should be actively supported to obtain hope for remission, if clinically encountered with participants.
Impact of COVID-19 outbreak on acute gallbladder disease in the emergency department
Authors: Sakong Dal , Choe Michael Sung Pil , Nho Woo Young , Park Chang Won
Published: January 2023

Objective Acute gallbladder disease (AGD) is frequent in the emergency department (ED) and usually requires emergency surgery. However, only a few studies have reported the impact of COVID-19 on AGD. The goal of this study was to evaluate the time between symptom onset and surgery and the perioperative severity of AGD during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to before the era of COVID-19.Methods This retrospective, single-center cohort study included patients who presented to the ED with suspected AGD and who underwent emergency cholecystectomy. We designed a before-after comparative study, and the intervention was the COVID-19 outbreak. The 6-month period after the COVID-19 outbreak was defined as the post-COVID group, whereas the pre-COVID group consisted of the same period in the previous year. The primary outcome was the time from symptoms to surgery. We evaluated the time intervals between symptom onset and ED arrival and between ED arrival and surgery. The secondary outcomes were preoperative and postoperative severity indexes.Results A total of 316 patients was analyzed. The post-COVID group showed longer duration from symptom onset to ED arrival (34.0 hours vs. 15.0 hours, P<0.001) and longer time interval from ED arrival to surgery (16.2 hours vs. 10.2 hours, P<0.001) than the pre-COVID group. The overall time interval between symptom onset to surgery was longer in the post-COVID group than the pre-COVID group (71.5 hours vs. 33.5 hours, P<0.001). The post-COVID group showed higher preoperative Simplified Acute Physiology Score II scores than the pre-COVID group (20.1 vs. 18.2, P=0.045). The proportion of moderate or severe disease increased in the post-COVID group (78% vs. 65%, P=0.017). The durations of hospital stay (7.0 days vs. 5.0 days, P<0.001) and intensive care unit stay (27.1 hours vs. 10.8 hours, P=0.008) were longer in the post-COVID group than in the pre-COVID group.Conclusion During the pandemic, the time interval between symptom onset to surgery was significantly increased among patients with AGD. Concomitantly, higher preoperative severity indexes and longer hospital stay were reported with a delay in emergency surgery.
Affective Toxicology of Social Media
Authors: Palazuelos Felix Rebolledo
Published: January 2023

The toxicity ascribed to social media indicates deeper systemic problems than those usually designated as its toxic ills. Although the widespread afflictions resulting from social media consumption constitute grave social problems in their own right, they allude to a dysfunctionality that precedes and transcends the individual troubles. The ill effects not only predicate toxicity, they indicate social media as both causal factor and self-perpetuating outcome by creating the conditions of reciprocal obligation and the dependency on the “Like!” which together function as the engine behind the compulsion to repeat. Platforms seek to maximize their users’ screen-time because all screen-time is unpaid productive net-work that contributes to the platform’s capital and to its bottom line. We examine the dynamics of social media toxicity as an affective affliction using Marcel Mauss’s ideas of reciprocal obligation from The Gift (1925) and Spinoza’s Ethics (1677) as a practical philosophy that sheds light on the underlying machinism of digital social platforms and the creation of value as the space-time of social networks by way of cultivating narcissism. It does not purport to be the “be-all, end-all” explanation of the phenomenon, but seeks to produce an alternative, supplemental — albeit incomplete — image of social media use.
On the mechanisms of presuppositions in Chinese media narratives about the Sino-US trade conflict
Authors: Xu Ying , Lams Lutgard
Published: January 2023

This study investigates whether the taxonomies of presupposition triggers, as proposed by Levinson (1983) for the English language, are applicable in Chinese-language contexts and whether any Chinese linguistic devices can be found to operate as presupposition carriers that do not easily fit Levinson’s categories. Furthermore, to explore how presuppositions function as implicit tools when it comes to shaping frames of interpretation, we analyse their use in Chinese official press narratives about the Sino-US trade conflict from March to December 2018. Findings demonstrate that most of the English-language triggers are also salient in the Chinese language. Moreover, other specific Chinese presupposition-carrying devices are discussed as well. Above all, the analysis illustrates how presuppositions fulfil various roles in the communication exchange. In a sensitive context, such as the present Sino-US trade conflict, backgrounded information in the guise of presuppositions constitutes a potentially powerful tool to influence audience uptake.
The Invention of Religions
Authors: Dubuisson Daniel
Published: January 2023

For nearly thirty years, a scientific revolution has taken place in the religious studies departments of several North American and British universities—and the results are considerable, obliging us to envisage new ways of conceiving of this academic field. While the History of Religions tended to rest in the shade and guardianship of past authorities, this critical current has re-examined the discipline’s a priori positions, its favourite arguments, its long prehistory within Euro/Christian culture, but also its numerous ethnocentric prejudices. The first part of the volume considers anew the origins and Christian history of the notion of religion. This starting point then allows us to identify dead ends and contradictions within the traditional History of Religions approach. The second part is dedicated to the synthetic presentation of the concepts, methods, and controversies, which distinguish this current. Following this are two related contributions devoted to two major case studies: “Colonialism and Cultural Imperialism” and “The Invention of Hinduism and Shintoism”. Finally, in the third and last part of the book, this trend itself is critically examined. The author identifies some of the paradoxes, gaps, and aporias that this approach has already gathered during its short existence.
Parallel Corpus of the Slavonic Parimejnik: Composition, Structure, and Markup of Ancillary Texts
Authors:   Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University, Baranov Victor , Novak Maria ,   Vinogradov Russian Language Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2023

The article presents a classifying analysis of ancillary texts in Old East Slavonic hand-written copies of Parimejnik (Old Testament lectionary) from the 12 th – 14 th centuries. It aims to establish parameters for the analytical markup in Parimejnik subcorpus from the "Manuscript" historical corpus, to provide searching based on the fragments values, to demonstrate corresponding fragments in addition to the already existing aligned visualization of manuscripts based on temporal characteristics (dates, days of a week, and services), as well as paroemias and their components (headings and biblical verses). In the text-critical sense, the authors describe components of ancillary texts in various sections of the manuscripts (Nativity-Epiphany, Triodia, Synaxarion), their specificity, and mutual correlation. The variation of ancillary texts in different copies has been discovered, which complicates comparison and alignment in the parallel corpus. From the applied linguistics point of view, the authors propose a classification of the ancillary text components according to several criteria (function, method of execution, the presence of a biblical/hymnographic source, and the place in the sequence of rites). A system of their identifiers and fragmentation parameters into elementary components to establish links in a parallel corpus was also proposed. As a result, it will ensure the search and visualization of fragments of the same type in the corpus.
Verb-and-Nominal Phrases with Semantics of Visual Perception: Synchronic and Diachronic Approach
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Safonova Irina
Published: January 2023

The article deals with the issue of perception representation potential by Russian verbs. The study is focused on stylistically marked verb-and-nominal phrases with the meaning of visual perception (vperit' glaza / vzgljad / vzor; lupit' glaza; pjalit' glaza; taraschit' glaza). The analysis was based on various materials from lexicographic sources that reflect the state of the Russian language in various periods of its evaluation and the data from the National Russian Language Corpus on functioning of verb-and-nominal phrases. The complex approach made it possible to identify collocation potential of the language units under analysis in modern Russian language and to define limitations on their usage in fiction and media styles. Semantic changes in the meaning of verbal constituents define patterns aimed at constructing semantics of perception in a pair with the nouns of perception that represent intense visual ability to perceive. It is concluded that semantic changes are based on correlation between the process of visual perception and another process that is not directly associated with the instance of perceiving, but may be apprehended with the sight conceptualization (during movement in space or physical impact at an object). The results might become the basis for further studies in the field of sensory linguistics.
Representation and Analysis of Content Structure Elements in Saint Petersburg Corpus of Hagiographic Texts (SCAT)
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Rogozina Elena
Published: January 2023

SCAT is a digital corpus of Old Russian hagiographic texts of 15 th – 17 th centuries created at the Department of Mathematical Linguistics of Saint Petersburg State University. The project involved the introduction of morphological and syntactic markup as well as markup of content structure elements. The first task was to markup meaningful parts (or chapters). The analysis of the texts, which constitute the corpus, allowed to establish a plot structure common to the texts. Markup of the plot components and creation of tables of contents provided an opportunity to work with certain parts of texts and compare similar chapters in different texts. Another task within the framework of the project implied research and markup of biblical, patristic and liturgical quotes in corpus texts. The study of quote distribution in texts and different chapters of the plot enabled the author to reveal the trends in the use of quotes and define the quotes typical of certain parts of the plot. One more task involved markup of repeating text fragments. Research on the texts of SCAT corpus disclosed numerous text excerpts reproduced by different authors. Such extracts are being marked up and links to the original texts are provided. The markup allows to create a register of such fragments, thus simplifying further research of new texts.
Corpus of the Archival Documents of the Don Cossack Army: Problems of Morphological Analysis
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Gorban Oksana , Kosova Marina ,   Volgograd State University, Sheptukhina Elena ,   Volgograd State University, Svetlov Andrey ,   Volgograd State University
Published: January 2023

The article presents the results of the collective project aimed at comprising a special annotated diachronic corpus of documents of the 18 th – 19 th cen. from the "Mikhailovsky Stanitsa Ataman" Archive Fund (State Archive of Volgograd Region, Russia). In the course of the work, linguistic, technical and software tasks related to meta-marking, morphological tagging and representation of marked texts in an electronic search environment were solved. The texts are written in cursive script of the 18 th cen. with the use of the old Cyrillic letters, which have spelling specificity. To work correctly with them, an add-on to the stemming tool MyStem by I. Segalovich was created. This application adds to the MyStem the following capabilities: the option to work with the old Cyrillic symbols, a convenient graphical interface; it provides the opportunity to remove homonymy manually, enables marked text exporting to an external data storage and processing system. Morphological analysis of some texts revealed the presence of nominal case form variants, which were not noted in the "Russian Grammar" by M.V. Lomonosov, in modern studies of literary texts of the 18 th century. These findings point to effectiveness of automatic tagging which allows word form correction. The research results substantiated text tagging software tools adjustment for the extension of homonymous forms grammatical analysis options, aimed at identification and manual removal of homonymy. A quantitative analysis of these variants will allow the authors to evaluate their significance for the regional administrative language. The information obtained confirms the importance of the corpus creation for studying the history of the Russian language.
The Participial Clause in the History of the Russian Language
Authors:   North Ossetian State University, Kunavin Boris
Published: January 2023

The article examines the structure of the participle clause, in which the participle precedes the subject, with the actant or subordinate clause related to the participle placed in postposition. The study aims to reveal grammatical indicators of the participle predicativity, to determine the dynamics of the use of the clause under consideration, its stylistic peculiarities and the reasons for its loss in the Russian language. The application of comparative-historical and comparative-typological methods has enabled the author to prove the higher degree of predicative power of prepositive participles in comparison with the postpositive ones. The grammatical indicators of the participle predicativity have been established. They are expressed in word order, agreement of the participle and the subject in meaning, separation of the participial clause from the verbal part of the sentence with a dot or their connection by means of coordinating conjunction. The participial clause structural diversity has been studied and the development of absolute participle clauses on its basis has been revealed. The dynamics of its use in different periods of the history of the Russian language has been investigated. The frequency of its use has been ascertained in the written records of various genres dating back to the 11 th – 17 th centuries. The analysis of the texts originating from the 18th century has shown the dynamics of participial clause use in different periods of the history of the Russian language, which indicates the reference of such participial constructions to the bookish style.
Reflection of the Processes of Globalization and Glocalization in the Hodonymic Space of Small Settlements
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Ilyin Dmitriy , Sidorova Elena ,   Volgograd State University
Published: January 2023

The article examines a set of toponyms that nominate the address-forming localities of the street and road network (street, alley, avenue, etc.) registered at the territory of the Oktyabrsky district of the Volgograd region. In the study, the corresponding geographical names of linear topographic localities placed within a settlement of any type (city, town, village, hamlet, etc.) are considered as godonyms. The research material analysis resulted in identification of the following linguistic codes, which are implemented in the godonyms of the region under study: memorative, locative, topographic, anthropogenic, symbolic, naturalistic, conditionally abstract, ethnic. The frequency of the identified linguistic codes in small settlements reflects the multidirectional processes of globalization and glocalization in the onomastic nomination. When designating the names of linear localities, topographic and anthropogenic linguistic codes prevail, since such nominations are closely related to the territory on which the settlement is located and the lifestyle of its inhabitants, as well as a conditionally abstract code, which reveals the linguistic and cultural unity of people. It has been established that in small settlements, unlike in urban ones, the process of globalization is reflected in relatively abstract names, the process of glocalization is reflected in locative names, while topographic and memorative onyms provide evidence of both of these processes.
Automatic Water Level Indicator in the Field Using Arduino
Authors: Hasan Mahmud , Rahman Sifat
Published: January 2023

Water is a very important factor in agricultural production and is a key of our quality of life as well. Monitoring water level of a water source, such as dams, water tank or bore-well plays a key role in agricultural management and development. This work aimed at development of an
automatic water level indicator. Developing a water level indicator can be helpful to reduce the water wastage. The major components used for the development of the water level indicator were Arduino board, sonar sensor, buzzer, LED lights. The automatic water level monitoring system was realized
usilzg a sonar sensor attached to an Arduino Uno to process the analog signal coming from the sensor into a useable digital value of distance also we added a buzzer in this system so that we can be aware about the increasing level of water.
Detecting Encryption Vulnerabilities with Lossless Compression
Authors: Hansen Richard
Published: January 2023

Ciphertext entropy is a key property for detecting the use of insecure encryption modes such as Electronic Code Book (ECB) and for testing symmetric=key cryptographic algorithms. This paper discusses the use of lossless compression utilities as a proxy measurement for entropy and its
use in detecting a limited set of encryption vulnerabilities. We also note the use of off-theshelf algorithms yields a teaching tool for Information Technology and Cybersecurity students. Finally, small and consistent differences between encryption modes provide the potential to identify the
encryption algorithm from compression factors.
Different Approaches for Multi-Class Classification using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Iranjan Prashant Y , Rajpurohit Vijay S
Published: January 2023

Web content increasing in every sector has become challenging task to find the useful information. Question Answering system in agriculture domain help farmers to provide the accurate answer. Farmer asking the queries relevant to pomegranate fruit in which question classification plays
an important role for various questions asked by farmer to categorize or to identifY the type of question Different question classification methods have been proposed to provide solutions for classification of question. In this research, we are considering the different pomegranate questions
that can be asked by farmer to classify the questions correctly using different machine learning methods. A proposed framework for question classification having multiple classes i.e.name, descriptive, location, numeric and entity: other which enables machine learning algorithms to categorize
the type of question. This paper compares various machine learning algorithms and result shows K-Nearest Neighbor, SYM & Decision tree performed well with good accuracy.
Individual hygiene behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Aydın Ayla İrem , Doğan Derya Akça , Serpici Ayşe , Atak Meryem
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the hygiene behaviors of individuals during the Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Method: During the pandemic (April 2021–September 2021), 439 adults were surveyed online via Google Forms, which assessed the individuals’ introductory information and hygiene behaviors as determined by the COVID-19 Hygiene Scale. Results: Out of the participants, 71.3% were female and 68.3% were 18–33 years old. The mean COVID-19 Hygiene Scale score of the participants was 94.62 ± 26.56. Individuals belonging to the 18–33 years age group had significantly higher hand hygiene scores than the other age groups (p < 0.05). Women showed a higher mean total and subdomain scores in the COVID-19 Hygiene Scale than men. A significant difference between the social distance and mask use and hand hygiene subdomains was observed (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The hand hygiene scores of the individuals varied by age and gender, whereas the social distance and mask use scores varied by only gender. Based on the above mentioned results, the nurses should focus on the individuals’ development of effective hygiene behaviors, and schedule and implement trainings according to the sociodemographic differences among the individuals.
Ethel Parsons’ biographical characteristics: leadership in American and Brazilian nursing
Authors: Peters Angela Aparecida , Peres Maria Angélica de Almeida , Padilha Maria Itayra , D’Antonio Patricia , Aperibense Pacita Geovana Gama de Sousa , Santos Tânia Cristina Franco , Gómez-Cantarino María Sagrario
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: to reconstruct Ethel Parsons’ biographical aspects in the centenary of the technical cooperation mission for nursing development in Brazil. Method: biographical research, carried out using the historical sources analysis method, which consists of reading and interpreting the collected documents. Results: from a renowned family, Ethel Parsons was head of public health services and worked for the American Red Cross before being appointed to coordinate the Rockefeller Foundation mission in Brazil, where she inaugurated the Anglo-American model of nursing. For ten years, Parsons dedicated herself to leading such a mission, which resulted in implementation and dissemination, by decree, of the Anglo-American model of nursing. In 1931, she returned to her country, where she died in 1953. Conclusion: Ethel Parsons stood out in the 20th century as a woman and a nurse, leading public health care services in the USA and Brazil. Her biography demonstrates an ideal of professionalization and science to be conquered by nursing in the care and educational scenario, which influenced the design of a collective identity for Brazilian nursing.