bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Opinion manipulation on Farsi Twitter
Authors: Farzam Amirhossein , Moradi Parham , Mohammadi Saeedeh , Padar Zahra , Siegel Alexandra A.
Published: January 2023

For Iranians and the Iranian diaspora, the Farsi Twittersphere provides an important alternative to state media and an outlet for political discourse. But this understudied online space has become an opinion manipulation battleground, with diverse actors using inauthentic accounts to advance their goals and shape online narratives. Examining trending discussions crossing social cleavages in Iran, we explore how the dynamics of opinion manipulation differ across diverse issue areas. Our analysis suggests that opinion manipulation by inauthentic accounts is more prevalent in divisive political discussions than non-divisive or apolitical discussions. We show how Twitter’s network structures help to reinforce the content propagated by clusters of inauthentic accounts in divisive political discussions. Analyzing both the content and structure of online discussions in the Iranian Twittersphere, this work contributes to a growing body of literature exploring the dynamics of online opinion manipulation, while improving our understanding of how information is controlled in the digital age.
Association between polycystic ovary syndrome and non-infectious uveitis
Authors: Lee Chae Eun , Lee Nang Kyung , Lee Christopher Seungkyu , Byeon Suk Ho , Kim Sung Soo , Lee Seung Won , Kim Yong Joon
Published: January 2023

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disease in young women. It has been reported that increased proinflammatory cytokines can induce systemic inflammation. However, the association between PCOS and uveitis remains elusive. In this study, we investigate the possible association between PCOS and uveitis using Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort. The incidence of non-infectious uveitis was compared between patients with and without PCOS before and after propensity score matching. Hazard ratios were determined using univariate and multivariate Cox regression models. Of 558,302 female participants, 2039 had PCOS and 8122 had non-infectious uveitis. The incidence of non-infectious uveitis was 35.1 per 10,000 person-years in the PCOS patients compared to 16.6 in non-patients (P < .001). This tendency remained after 1:3 propensity score matching. The hazard ratio of PCOS using a multivariate Cox regression model was 2.79 (95% CI, 1.92–4.05; P < .001) and 2.87 (95% CI, 1.77–4.67; P < .001) before and after matching, respectively. Our results suggests that PCOS is associated with non-infectious uveitis, particularly in women of reproductive age. This may be due to hormonal changes and proinflammatory factors. Future investigations should examine the clinical features and underlying mechanisms.
Regime shift dynamics, tipping points and the success of fisheries management
Authors: Blöcker Alexandra M. , Gutte Helene M. , Bender Reuven L. , Otto Saskia A. , Sguotti Camilla , Möllmann Christian
Published: January 2023

Recovery of depleted fish stocks is an important goal for fisheries management and crucial to sustain important ecosystem functions as well as global food security. Successful recovery requires adjusting fishing mortality to stock productivity but can be prevented or inhibited by additional anthropogenic impacts such as climate change. Despite management measures to recover fish stocks being in place in legislations such as the European Union´s Common Fisheries Policy (CFP), recovery can be hindered by the occurrence of regime shift dynamics. Such non-linear discontinuous dynamics imply tipping points and bear the characteristics of abrupt change, hysteresis and non-stationary functional relationships. We here used the recent reform of the CFP as a natural experiment to investigate the existence of regime shift dynamics and its potential effects on the recovery potential on six strongly fished or even depleted commercial fish stocks in the North Sea. Using a set of statistical approaches we show that regime shift dynamics exist in all six fish stocks as a response to changes in fishing pressure and temperature. Our results furthermore demonstrate the context-dependence of such dynamics and hence the ability of management measures to rebuild depleted fish stocks, leading to either failed recovery or positive tipping.
Dynamic grass color scale display technique based on grass length for green landscape-friendly animation display
Authors: Tanaka Kojiro , Kato Yuichi , Mizuno Akito , Mikawa Masahiko , Fujisawa Makoto
Published: January 2023

Public displays, such as liquid crystal displays (LCDs), are often used in urban green spaces. However, these display devices often tarnish the green landscape of urban green spaces due to their artificial materials. We previously proposed a green landscape-friendly grass animation display that dynamically controls the grass color pixel by pixel. The grass color is changed by moving a green grass length in yellow grass, and the grass animation display runs simple animations using grayscale images. In our previous study, the color scale is subjectively mapped to the green grass length. However, this method fails to display the grass colors corresponding to the color scale based on objective evaluations. Herein, we introduce a dynamic grass color scale display technique based on the grass length. We develop a grass color scale setting procedure to map the grass length to the five-level color scale through image processing. In the outdoor experiment of the grass color scale setting procedure, the color scale corresponds to the green grass length based on a viewpoint. Finally, we demonstrate a grass animation display to show the animations with the color scale using experimental results.
Telomere length dynamics measured by flow-FISH in patients with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery
Authors: Rolles Benjamin , Ferreira Monica S. V. , Vieri Margherita , Rheinwalt Karl P. , Schmitz Sophia M. , Alizai Patrick H. , Neumann Ulf , Brümmendorf Tim H. , Beier Fabian , Ulmer Tom F. , Tometten Mareike
Published: January 2023

Obesity has negative effects on comorbidities, health-related quality of life and survival. Telomere length (TL) changes after bariatric surgery have been reported, but the studies are contradictory, and analyses using state-of-the art techniques for TL measurement, such as flow-FISH, are sparse. We measured TL dynamics via flow-FISH in patients undergoing bariatric surgery and compared their TL with 105 healthy individuals. Patients with obesity who underwent bariatric surgery were included. Lymphocyte and granulocyte absolute and age-adjusted (aa) TL were analyzed by flow-FISH before (preoperative cohort, n = 45) and after surgery (follow-up cohort, n = 35) at month 5.5 ± 3.9 (mean ± standard deviation [SD]). The initial lymphocyte aaTL was significantly shorter (-0.37 kb ± 0.18 kb, P = 0.045) in patients with obesity, while the granulocyte aaTL was not different from that in the healthy comparison population (0.28 kb ± 0.17 kb, P = 0.11). The telomere dynamics after surgery showed an increase in mean TL in both lymphocytes and granulocytes of patients with a pronounced BMI loss of ≥ 10 kg/m2. We did not find any association between TL increase after surgery and age, sex or the type of procedure selected for bariatric surgery. We confirmed that patients suffering from obesity have significantly shorter lymphocyte TL using flow-FISH. Along with and dependent on the degree of weight reduction after bariatric surgery, TL significantly increased in both lymphocytes and granulocytes after a mean of 5.5 months. Our results show that bariatric surgery affects not only body weight but also biomarkers of aging, such as TL.
A high-throughput single-particle imaging platform for antibody characterization and a novel competition assay for therapeutic antibodies
Authors: Seymour Elif , Ünlü M. Selim , Connor John H.
Published: January 2023

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) play an important role in diagnostics and therapy of infectious diseases. Here we utilize a single-particle interferometric reflectance imaging sensor (SP-IRIS) for screening 30 mAbs against Ebola, Sudan, and Lassa viruses (EBOV, SUDV, and LASV) to find out the ideal capture antibodies for whole virus detection using recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV) models expressing surface glycoproteins (GPs) of EBOV, SUDV, and LASV. We also make use of the binding properties on SP-IRIS to develop a model for mapping the antibody epitopes on the GP structure. mAbs that bind to mucin-like domain or glycan cap of the EBOV surface GP show the highest signal on SP-IRIS, followed by mAbs that target the GP1-GP2 interface at the base domain. These antibodies were shown to be highly efficacious against EBOV infection in non-human primates in previous studies. For LASV detection, 8.9F antibody showed the best performance on SP-IRIS. This antibody binds to a unique region on the surface GP compared to other 15 mAbs tested. In addition, we demonstrate a novel antibody competition assay using SP-IRIS and rVSV-EBOV models to reveal the competition between mAbs in three successful therapeutic mAb cocktails against EBOV infection. We provide an explanation as to why ZMapp cocktail has higher efficacy compared to the other two cocktails by showing that three mAbs in this cocktail (13C6, 2G4, 4G7) do not compete with each other for binding to EBOV GP. In fact, the binding of 13C6 enhances the binding of 2G4 and 4G7 antibodies. Our results establish SP-IRIS as a versatile tool that can provide high-throughput screening of mAbs, multiplexed and sensitive detection of viruses, and evaluation of therapeutic antibody cocktails.
P-TarPmiR accurately predicts plant-specific miRNA targets
Authors: Ajila Victoria , Colley Laura , Ste-Croix Dave T. , Nissan Nour , Golshani Ashkan , Cober Elroy R. , Mimee Benjamin , Samanfar Bahram , Green James R.
Published: January 2023

microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding ribonucleic acids that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression through the targeting of messenger RNA (mRNAs). Most miRNA target predictors have focused on animal species and prediction performance drops substantially when applied to plant species. Several rule-based miRNA target predictors have been developed in plant species, but they often fail to discover new miRNA targets with non-canonical miRNA–mRNA binding. Here, the recently published TarDB database of plant miRNA–mRNA data is leveraged to retrain the TarPmiR miRNA target predictor for application on plant species. Rigorous experiment design across four plant test species demonstrates that animal-trained predictors fail to sustain performance on plant species, and that the use of plant-specific training data improves accuracy depending on the quantity of plant training data used. Surprisingly, our results indicate that the complete exclusion of animal training data leads to the most accurate plant-specific miRNA target predictor indicating that animal-based data may detract from miRNA target prediction in plants. Our final plant-specific miRNA prediction method, dubbed P-TarPmiR, is freely available for use at http://ptarpmir.cu-bic.ca. The final P-TarPmiR method is used to predict targets for all miRNA within the soybean genome. Those ranked predictions, together with GO term enrichment, are shared with the research community.
Generation of V-point polarization singularity using single phase encoding with a spatial light modulator
Authors: Kumar Praveen , Rao A. Srinivasa , Omatsu Takashige
Published: January 2023

A liquid crystal Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) can be used in various ways to produce vector-vortices. Superposition of scalar vortices with orthogonal polarization is a common approach, while a more recent technique is to use dual-phase modulation. These approaches require modulation of at least two phase patterns with a SLM or multiple SLMs. In this paper, we propose a novel technique to produce vector-vortices by modulating orthogonal light components through a single phase pattern with a SLM. It does not require interferometric setups, and simplifies the generation of light beams with V-point polarization singularities. Because of compact and robustness of our experimental setup, it can be easily integrated to any device for applications of vector-vortices.
Unique insertion/deletion polymorphisms within histidine-rich region of histidine-rich glycoprotein in Thoroughbred horses
Authors: Muko Ryo , Sunouchi Tomoya , Urayama Shuntaro , Toishi Yuko , Kusano Kanichi , Sato Hiroaki , Muranaka Masanori , Shin Taekyun , Oikawa Masa-aki , Ojima Yoshinobu , Ali Mohammad , Nomura Yoshihiro , Matsuda Hiroshi , Tanaka Akane
Published: January 2023

Histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) is abundant plasma protein with various effects on angiogenesis, coagulation, and immune responses. Previously, we identified the base and amino acid sequences of equine HRG (eHRG) and revealed that eHRG regulates neutrophil functions. In this study, we first conducted a large-scale gene analysis with DNA samples extracted from 1700 Thoroughbred horses and identified unique insertion/deletion polymorphisms in the histidine-rich region (HRR) of eHRG. Here we report two types of polymorphisms (deletion type 1 [D1] and deletion type 2 [D2]) containing either a 45 bp or 90 bp deletion in the HRR of eHRG, and five genotypes of eHRG (insertion/insertion [II], ID1, ID2, D1D1, and D1D2) in Thoroughbred horses. Allele frequency of I, D1, and D2, was 0.483, 0.480, and 0.037 and the incidence of each genotype was II: 23.4%, ID1: 46.2%, ID2: 3.6%, D1D1: 23.1%, and D1D2: 3.7%, respectively. The molecular weights of each plasma eHRG protein collected from horses with each genotype was detected as bands of different molecular size, which corresponded to the estimated amino acid sequence. The nickel-binding affinity of the D1 or D2 deletion eHRG was reduced, indicating a loss of function at the site. eHRG proteins show a variety of biological and immunological activities in vivo, and HRR is its active center, suggesting that genetic polymorphisms in eHRG may be involved in the performance in athletic ability, productivity, and susceptibility to infectious diseases in Thoroughbred horses.
Direct observation of Cu in high-silica chabazite zeolite by electron ptychography using Wigner distribution deconvolution
Authors: Mitsuishi Kazutaka , Nakazawa Katsuaki , Sagawa Ryusuke , Shimizu Masahiko , Matsumoto Hajime , Shima Hisashi , Takewaki Takahiko
Published: January 2023

Direct observation of Cu in Cu-chabazite (CHA) zeolite has been achieved by electron ptychography using the Wigner distribution deconvolution. The imaging properties of ptychographically reconstructed images were evaluated by comparing the intensities of six-membered-ring columns of the zeolite with and without Cu using simulated ptychography images. It was concluded that although false contrast may appear at Cu-free columns for some acquisition conditions, ptychography can discriminate columns with and without Cu. Experimental observation of CHA with and without Cu was performed. Images obtained from the Cu-containing sample showed contrast at the six-membered-rings, while no contrast was observed for the Cu-free sample. The results show that ptychography is a promising technique for visualizing the atomic structures of beam-sensitive materials.
Time-lapse mechanical imaging of neural tube closure in live embryo using Brillouin microscopy
Authors: Handler Chenchen , Scarcelli Giuliano , Zhang Jitao
Published: January 2023

Neural tube closure (NTC) is a complex process of embryonic development involving molecular, cellular, and biomechanical mechanisms. While the genetic factors and biochemical signaling have been extensively investigated, the role of tissue biomechanics remains mostly unexplored due to the lack of tools. Here, we developed an optical modality that can conduct time-lapse mechanical imaging of neural plate tissue as the embryo is experiencing neurulation. This technique is based on the combination of a confocal Brillouin microscope and a modified ex ovo culturing of chick embryo with an on-stage incubator. With this technique, for the first time, we captured the mechanical evolution of the neural plate tissue with live embryos. Specifically, we observed the continuous increase in tissue modulus of the neural plate during NTC for ex ovo cultured embryos, which is consistent with the data of in ovo culture as well as previous studies. Beyond that, we found that the increase in tissue modulus was highly correlated with the tissue thickening and bending. We foresee this non-contact and label-free technique opening new opportunities to understand the biomechanical mechanisms in embryonic development.
Double-branch feature fusion transformer for hyperspectral image classification
Authors: Dang Lanxue , Weng Libo , Hou Yane , Zuo Xianyu , Liu Yang
Published: January 2023

Deep learning methods, particularly Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), have been widely used in hyperspectral image (HSI) classification. CNN can achieve outstanding performance in the field of HSI classification due to its advantages of fully extracting local contextual features of HSI. However, CNN is not good at learning the long-distance dependency relation and dealing with the sequence properties of HSI. Thus, it is difficult to continuously improve the performance of CNN-based models because they cannot take full advantage of the rich and continuous spectral information of HSI. This paper proposes a new Double-Branch Feature Fusion Transformer model for HSI classification. We introduce Transformer into the process of HSI on account of HSI with sequence characteristics. The two branches of the model extract the global spectral features and global spatial features of HSI respectively, and fuse both spectral and spatial features through a feature fusion layer. Furthermore, we design two attention modules to adaptively adjust the importance of spectral bands and pixels for classification in HSI. Experiments and comparisons are carried out on four public datasets, and the results demonstrate that our model outperforms any compared CNN-Based models in terms of accuracy.
Effects of the long-term influence of bisphenol A and bisphenol S on the population of nitrergic neurons in the enteric nervous system of the mouse stomach
Authors: Makowska Krystyna , Całka Jarosław , Gonkowski Sławomir
Published: January 2023

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor commonly used in the production of plastics. Due to its relatively well-known harmful effects on living organisms, BPA is often replaced by its various analogues. One of them is bisphenol S (BPS), widely used in the plastics industry. Until recently, BPS was considered completely safe, but currently, it is known that it is not safe for various internal organs. However, knowledge about the influence of BPS on the nervous system is scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of two doses of BPA and BPS on the enteric nitrergic neurons in the CD1 strain mouse stomach using the double-immunofluorescence technique. The study found that both substances studied increased the number of nitrergic neurons, although changes under the impact of BPS were less visible than those induced by BPA. Therefore, the obtained results, for the first time, clearly indicate that BPS is not safe for the innervation of the gastrointestinal tract.
A theory of unusual anisotropic magnetoresistance in bilayer heterostructures
Authors: Wang X. R. , Wang C. , Wang X. S.
Published: January 2023

The observation of magnetoresistance (MR) varying with the rotation of magnetization in the plane perpendicular to the electric current is an important discovery in spintronics in recent years. The famous conventional anisotropic MR (AMR) says that the resistance of a polycrystalline magnetic material must depend on magnetization component along the current direction only, thus cannot account for this newly observed unusual AMR (UAMR). This UAMR leads to the notion of the spin-Hall MR (SMR) in the famous SMR theory. However, the SMR theory may only explain UAMR observed in heavy-metal/magnetic-insulator bilayers, not other types of bilayers. Here, we present a two-vector theory that can explain not only all existing experiments on the unusual angular dependence of longitudinal and transverse resistivity when the magnetization rotates in three mutually perpendicular planes, but also how three amplitudes of MR angular oscillation are related to each other. The theory is very general and its correctness depends only on the assumption that the magnetization and interfacial field are the only vectors affecting electron transport besides of other scalar variables such as the temperatures and impurities. Experiments that can test this theory against the SMR theory are also proposed.
Proteomics analysis in myocardium of spontaneously hypertensive rats
Authors: Wang Tingjun , Cai Xiaoqi , Li Jinze , Xie Liangdi
Published: January 2023

Hypertension-related left ventricular hypertrophy is recognized as a good predictor of adverse cardiovascular events. However, the underlying mechanism of left ventricular hypertrophy is still not fully understood. This study employed liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry to investigate global changes in protein profile in myocardium of spontaneously hypertensive rat, a classical animal model of essential hypertension. There were 369 differentially expressed proteins in myocardium between spontaneously hypertensive rats and normotensive rats. Xenobiotic catabolic process, cholesterol binding and mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase were found to be the most significantly enriched biological process, molecular function and cellular component terms of Gene Ontology, respectively. Drug metabolism-cytochrome P450 was revealed to be the most significantly enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways. FYN proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase was found to have the most interactions with other proteins. Differentially expressed proteins involved in xenobiotic catabolic process, lipid transport and metabolism, mitochondrial function might be targets for further study of hypertension-related left ventricular hypertrophy.
Combining controlled-release urea with potassium chloride to reduce soil N/K leaching and promote growth of Italian ryegrass
Authors: Geng Jibiao , Yang Xiuyi , Lei Shutong , Zhang Qingping , Li Hui , Lang Ying , Huo Xianqi , Liu Qianjin
Published: January 2023

Nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) are essential nutrients for Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) growth. A 2-year field experiment with a split-plot design was conducted to study the effect of N fertilizer type combined with different K fertilizer rates on the soil mineral N and K availability, and growth characteristics of Italian ryegrass. The main plots were assigned to two N fertilizer types, controlled-release urea (CRU) and common urea. While low, moderate and high potassium chloride (KCl) rates (150, 300 and 450 kg ha−1, respectively) were assigned to the subplots. Compared with the common urea treatments, the CRU significantly increased the SPAD value, plant height, leaf area, and photosynthetic index of Italian ryegrass, which significantly prolonged the green stage of Italian ryegrass and prevented premature senescence. Moreover, the dry yields of the CRU increased by 4.5–12.5% in 2019 and 10.9–25.3% in 2020 compared with the urea, respectively. At the same time, compared with the KCl150 and KCl450 treatments, the KCl300 treatment resulted in better plant growth. Overall, the CRU × KCl300 maximized the soil inorganic N and different soil K forms, and reduced the soil N/K leaching. The root length, volume, surface area, average diameter, tips and branches were also improved, and there was a significant N × K interaction effect on the tips. The CRU combined with 300 kg ha−1 KCl fertilization enhanced crop growth by improving leaf photosynthesis, soil fertility, and yield and should be recommended as the best fertilizer ratio for Italian ryegrass production.
Highly concentrated trehalose induces prohealing senescence-like state in fibroblasts via CDKN1A/p21
Authors: Muto Jun , Fukuda Shinji , Watanabe Kenji , Dai Xiuju , Tsuda Teruko , Kiyoi Takeshi , Kameda Kenji , Kawakami Ryosuke , Mori Hideki , Shiraishi Ken , Murakami Masamoto , Imamura Takeshi , Higashiyama Shigeki , Fujisawa Yasuhiro , Mizukami Yoichi , Sayama Koji
Published: January 2023

Trehalose is the nonreducing disaccharide of glucose, evolutionarily conserved in invertebrates. The living skin equivalent (LSE) is an organotypic coculture containing keratinocytes cultivated on fibroblast-populated dermal substitutes. We demonstrated that human primary fibroblasts treated with highly concentrated trehalose promote significantly extensive spread of the epidermal layer of LSE without any deleterious effects. The RNA-seq analysis of trehalose-treated 2D and 3D fibroblasts at early time points revealed the involvement of the CDKN1A pathway, the knockdown of which significantly suppressed the upregulation ofDPT,ANGPT2,VEGFA,EREG, andFGF2. The trehalose-treated fibroblasts were positive for senescence-associated β-galactosidase. Finally, transplantation of the dermal substitute with trehalose-treated fibroblasts accelerated wound closure and increased capillary formation significantly in the experimental mouse wounds in vivo, which was canceled by the CDKN1A knockdown. These data indicate that high-concentration trehalose can induce the senescence-like state in fibroblasts via CDKN1A/p21, which may be therapeutically useful for optimal wound repair.
Underrated past herbivore densities could lead to misoriented sustainability policies
Authors: Manzano Pablo , Pardo Guillermo , Itani Moustapha A. , del Prado Agustín
Published: January 2023

Knowing the carrying capacity of the Earth’s grazed ecosystems, and the relevance of herbivory, is important for many scientific disciplines, as well as for policy. Current herbivore levels are estimated to be four to five times larger than at the Pleistocene–Holocene transition or the start of the industrial revolution. While this estimate can lead the general public and the scientific community to predict severe, widespread environmental impacts by livestock in terms of deforestation, biodiversity loss, and climate change, it ignores the inherent uncertainty of such calculations. We revise the evidence published during the last decade regarding Late Pleistocene herbivore abundance, along with contemporary and some pre-industrial data on herbivore density in grazed ecosystems. Both Late Pleistocene and pre-industrial herbivore levels are likely to be consistently higher than what has generally been assumed, confirming increasing awareness on the importance of herbivory as a widespread ecological process. We therefore call for more refined research in this field to have the reliable baselines currently demanded by society and policy. These baselines should orient sound action toward policies on biodiversity conservation, ecosystem restoration, food systems, and climate change.
Reduced predation pressure as a potential driver of prey diversity and abundance in complex habitats
Authors: Chang Chia-chen , Todd Peter A.
Published: January 2023

Habitat complexity is positively associated with biodiversity and abundance and is often a focus of habitat restoration programmes, however, the mechanisms underlying these relationships are not yet resolved. In this Perspective, we postulate that reduced predation pressure in complex habitats could contribute to increased prey diversity and abundance. Based on a systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental studies, reduced predation pressure in complex habitats is consistent across freshwater and marine ecosystems, field and laboratory experiments, different hunting modes of predators, and different numbers of prey species. However, the effects are less clear in terrestrial ecosystems. Easing predation pressure, in conjunction with increased resources for prey, could help explain the high biodiversity and abundance found in complex habitats. This knowledge can be used in restoration and ecological engineering projects to maximise species diversity and abundance gains.
Establishment of a gut-on-a-chip device with controllable oxygen gradients to study the contribution of Bifidobacterium bifidum to inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Liu Jun , Lu Ronghao , Zheng Xiaolin , Hou Wensheng , Wu Xiaoying , Zhao Hezhao , Wang Guixue , Tian Tian
Published: January 2023

Numerical simulations were applied to guide the design of a gut-on-a-chip device with controllable oxygen gradients. Bifidobacterium bifidum was demonstrated to increase the stability of the intestinal epithelial barrier on the disease model.
Facile immobilization of PNNNP-Pd pincer complexes in MFU-4l-OH and the effects of guest loading on Lewis acid catalytic activity
Authors: Hilliard Jordon S. , Wade Casey R.
Published: January 2023

A Brønsted acid–base reaction has been used to encapsulate palladium diphosphine pincer complexes (PNNNP-PdBF4) in the benzotriazolate MOF MFU-4l-OH. The Lewis acid catalytic activity increases with decreasing catalyst density.
Exploring condensable organic vapors and their co-occurrence with PM2.5and O3in winter in Eastern China
Authors: Liu Yuliang , Liu Chong , Nie Wei , Li Yuanyuan , Ge Dafeng , Chen Liangduo , Zhu Caijun , Wang Lei , Zhang Yuxuan , Liu Tengyu , Qi Ximeng , Wang Jiaping , Huang Dandan , Wang Zhe , Yan Chao , Chi Xuguang , Ding Aijun
Published: January 2023

The strongest formation of oxygenated organic molecules occurs when PM2.5and O3are co-enhanced.
High-performance all-solid-state Li2S batteries using an interfacial redox mediator
Authors: Kwok Chun Yuen , Xu Shiqi , Kochetkov Ivan , Zhou Laidong , Nazar Linda F.
Published: January 2023

We report a Li2S/LiVS2core–shell nano-architecture design for all-solid-state Li2S batteries where the LiVS2shell serves as both a Li+/e−transport vehicle and redox mediator for Li2S on charge to help overcome sluggish cathode kinetics.
DNA damage caused by light-driven graphene oxide: a new mechanism
Authors: Wang Xujun , Zeng Zihang , Yang Tianhui , Zhang Peng , Feng Bo , Qing Taiping
Published: January 2023

The adsorption and cleavage behavior of DNA molecules by graphene oxide under UV irradiation were investigated in detail. It will provide novel insights into the potential environmental risk of graphene oxide in the aquatic environment.
Efficient and strategical installations of quaternary ammonium groups in metal–organic frameworks for hydroxide conductivity
Authors: Choi Ho Jeong , Hong Seungpyo , Son Younghu , Kim Ki Tae , Kim Cheoljae , Yoon Minyoung , Kim Min
Published: January 2023

Positively charged aromatic and aliphatic quaternary ammonium groups were successfully installed in metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) through post-synthetic modification (PSM) and post-synthetic exchange (PSE) for hydroxide conductivity studies.
Lattice disorder influences the photocarrier dynamics in lead halide perovskites
Authors: Zhang Haijuan , Zhang Taiyang , Wang Yong , Chen Yuetian , Zhao Yixin , Chen Jie
Published: January 2023

Photoinduced carriers recombine almost twice slower and diffuse 20% faster in the disordered, β-phased samples than in the ordered, γ-phased ones.
Reversing silicon carbide into 1D silicon nanowires and graphene-like structures using a dynamic magnetic flux template
Authors: Zhou Wenting , Liu Qiang , Huang Qingsong
Published: January 2023

A dynamic magnetic flux template (DMT) can be built instantly, and interact with main group elements, e.g., silicon. SiC particles can be reversed into amorphous silicon nanowires, and graphene-like structures against the quantum well walls.
Molecular dynamics simulation of solidification epitaxial growth in a nanoscale molten pool
Authors: Zhan Lan , Li Ninghui , Qin Xiangge
Published: January 2023

A more accurate MD model for the rapid solidification of the molten pool was established, which to some extent made up for the lack of observation of dynamic nucleation and crystal nucleus growth process in the molten pool in the experiment.
First-principles calculations of monolayered Al2Te5: a promising 2D donor semiconductor with ultrahigh visible light harvesting
Authors: Guan Jintong , Sun Cong , Zhang Conglin , Guan Qingfeng , Kan Erjun
Published: January 2023

Atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) crystals have piqued the curiosity of researchers due to their unique features and potential applications, such as catalysis and ion batteries.
Tetranuclear lanthanide complexes display significant slow magnetic relaxation with an open hysteresis loop and the magnetocaloric effect
Authors: Wang Tian-Tian , Che Zi-Wei , Chen Ji-Tun , Yan Han , Zhou Teng-Da , Zhang Yi-Quan , Sun Wen-Bin
Published: January 2023

Herein, we report two tetranuclear lanthanide complexes, of which the Dy4-complex exhibits significant single-molecule magnetic properties with the open hysteresis loop is detected until 6.5 K and a coercive field of 453 Oe is observed at 1.8 K.
Nitrogen/oxygen/sulfur tri-doped hard carbon nanospheres derived from waste tires with high sodium and potassium anodic performances
Authors: Zhao Qian , Zheng Qiaotian , Li Shenghu , He Bin , Wu Xiulong , Wang Yujue , Wang Qingyuan , Meng Yan , Xiao Dan
Published: January 2023

N/O/S co-regulates the surface trapping force of carbons, enabling fast and stable Na/K storage by adsorption and weak intercalation.
Construction of a nickel-rich LiNi0.83Co0.11Mn0.06O2 cathode with high stability and excellent cycle performance through interface engineering
Authors: Zhang Shan , Zhou Xiaolin , Li Sihan , Feng Ze , Fan Xin , Sun Dan , Wang Haiyan , Tang Yougen
Published: January 2023

Nickel-rich cathodes of LiNi0.83Co0.11Mn0.06O2 (NCM83) are receiving increased attention due to its high specific capacity and low cost.
Theoretical insights into the rational design of small organic phototheranostic agents for promoting image-guided cancer surgery
Authors: Zhang Jia , Yang Junfang , Zeng Yi , Li Ze-Sheng , Zheng Xiaoyan
Published: January 2023

Through multiscale modeling, it is predicted that TSSSSI is a potential candidate for NIR-II FLI-guided PDT–PTT therapy.
N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed direct enantioselective synthesis of dihydroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-6-ones
Authors: Huang Xiaoxia , Li Yarui , He Jieyin , Peng Shiyong , Wang Jian , Lang Ming
Published: January 2023

A novel N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed asymmetric [3 + 3] cycloaddition between α-bromoenals and 5-aminoisoxazoles has been developed.
Pd-catalyzed site-selective C(sp2)–H chalcogenation of amino acids and peptides using a picolinamide auxiliary
Authors: Bag Raghunath , Sharma Nagendra K.
Published: January 2023

An efficient method for Pd-catalyzed site-selective C(sp2)–H chalcogenation of α-amino acids/peptides with disulfides and diselenides in moderate to good yields is presented.
A divergent construction of fused and bridged carbo-/heterocyclic scaffoldsviacascade reactions of aryl azomethine imines with vinyl cyclic carbonates
Authors: Cai Xinyuan , Song Xia , Yang Xueying , Zhang Xinying , Fan Xuesen
Published: January 2023

Presented herein is a divergent synthesis of indene-fused pyrazoles and bridged benzodiazepines tethered with a hydroxymethyl group through the cascade reactions of aryl azomethine imines with vinyl cyclic carbonates.
Large-scale transfer of Ag nanowires from PET to PC film using a roll-to-roll UV lamination process for a capacitive touch sensor
Authors: Park Yangkyu , Kim Jae Pil , Kim Wan Ho , Song Young Hyun , Kim Sunyoon , Jeong Ho-Jung
Published: January 2023

We proposed a unique roll-to-roll lamination process that can facilitate the transfer of Ag nanowires (AgNWs) from one flexible substrate (PET substrate) to another (PC substrate) for a capacitive touch sensor.
Computational insight into a mechanistic overview of water exchange kinetics and thermodynamic stabilities of bis and tris-aquated complexes of lanthanides
Authors: Keot Niharika , Sarma Manabendra
Published: January 2023

A thorough investigation of Ln3+ complexes with more than one inner-sphere water molecule is crucial for designing high relaxivity contrast agents (CAs) used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Raman microscopy tracks maturity of melanin intermediates in Botrytis cinerea, a plant pathogen
Authors: Volkov Victor V. , Sadaf Ayesha , Perry Carole C.
Published: January 2023

Raman monitoring of melanin precursors may help assessment of local pathogenic Botrytis cinerea populations and support agricultural production.
Vat photopolymerization-based 3D printing of polymer nanocomposites: current trends and applications
Authors: Shah Mussadiq , Ullah Abid , Azher Kashif , Rehman Asif Ur , Juan Wang , Aktürk Nizami , Tüfekci Celal Sami , Salamci Metin U.
Published: January 2023

The synthesis and manufacturing of polymer nanocomposites have garnered interest in recent research and development because of their superiority compared to traditionally employed industrial materials.
The recent development of nanozymes for targeting antibacterial, anticancer and antioxidant applications
Authors: Zhong Huimin , Jiang Cong , Huang Yanyan
Published: January 2023

The recent development of nanozymes for targeting antibacterial, anticancer and antioxidant applications are summarized.
High-efficiency and durable V–Ti–Nb ternary catalyst prepared by a wet-solid mechanochemical method for sustainably producing acrylic acid via acetic acid–formaldehyde condensation
Authors: Liu Jun , Yan Youjun , Lian Meng , Song Jimei , Yang Yongqi , Huang Guofu , Wang Miao , Feng Xinzhen , Ji Weijie
Published: January 2023

High-efficiency and durable V–Ti–Nb ternary catalyst prepared by a wet-solid mechanochemical method to enhance efficient condensation of HAc/HCHO to AA/MA.
Enhanced photocatalytic activity in ZnO nanoparticles developed using novel Lepidagathis ananthapuramensis leaf extract
Authors: K K Supin , P M Parvathy Namboothiri , Vasundhara M.
Published: January 2023

Focussing on the green synthesis of ZnO NPs using a novel Lepidagathis ananthapuramensis (LA) leaf template and its photocatalytic activity.
Organocatalytic chiral polymeric nanoparticles for asymmetric aldol reaction
Authors: Abuaf Meir , Das Subhomoy , Mastai Yitzhak
Published: January 2023

Chiral polymeric particles (CPPs) were studied extensively in recent years due to their importance in pharmaceutical applications.
Analysis of post-secondary instructors’ pedagogical content knowledge of organic acid–base chemistry using content representations
Authors: Boothe J. R. , Zotos E. K. , Shultz G. V.
Published: January 2023

Acid–base chemistry is a foundational concept for organic chemistry, and the complexities in teaching and learning acid–base chemistry are well documented. This study aimed to investigate post-secondary instructors' pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) for teaching acid–base chemistry in an organic chemistry context. Two groups of three graduate teaching assistants and one group of three faculty instructors constructed content representations (CoRes). The three CoRes generated by these groups were qualitatively analyzed and organized into a summary compiled CoRe. Analysis of the compiled CoRe revealed eight major concepts of organic acid–base chemistry as defined by these instructors. Three major concepts were identified as foundational definitions, and five were identified as concepts that build upon these definitions. We arranged all eight concepts into a progression. Analysis of the compiled CoRe also revealed that instructors primarily leverage students’ prior knowledge when teaching acid–base chemistry. Our results serve as a reference for organic chemistry instructors and may inform further research on the instruction of organic chemistry.
Construction of FeOOH modified CoMxOy (M = Mo, W, V) on nickel foam for highly efficient oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Wen Tingting , Wang Limin , Gong Yaqiong
Published: January 2023

The synthesized FeOOH–CoMoO4 electrode exhibited significant electrocatalytic performance for the OER in KOH alkaline solution.
Correction: Aggregation or phase separation can be induced in highly charged proteins by small charged biomolecules
Authors: Kang Minchae , Kim Minsoo , Kim Min Wook , Shin Yewon , Yoo Jejoong , Lee Sang Hak
Published: January 2023

Correction for ‘Aggregation or phase separation can be induced in highly charged proteins by small charged biomolecules’ by Minchae Kang et al., Soft Matter, 2022, 18, 3313–3317, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2SM00384H.
Post cobalt doping and defect engineering of NbSSe for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Ren Yuxin , Miao Xiaoyan , Zhang Jiaxiang , Lu Qidong , Chen Yi , Fan Haibo , Teng Feng , Zhai Huifei , He Xuexia , Long Yi , Zhang Chunmei , Hu Peng
Published: January 2023

Post cobalt doped NbSSe was synthesized by combining chemical vapor transport and the hydrothermal method, which exhibited excellent HER performance due to the synergistic effect of cobalt doping and S/Se vacancies.
Cobalt-phthalocyanine-modified two-dimensional cobalt hydroxide complexes for highly selective electrocatalytic reduction of CO2to CO
Authors: Sun Zhaoyang , Zhai Yanling , Zheng Lirong , Guo Weiwei , Dong Weiwei , Fang Zijian , Jiao Lei , Zhu Zhijun , Lu Xiaoquan , Tang Jianguo
Published: January 2023

We have synthesized CoPc/α-Co(OH)2catalysts for CO2electroreduction to CO with a faradaic efficiency of 98.4%. The excellent catalytic performance could be mainly attributed to the strong interaction between CoPc molecules and α-Co(OH)2support.
Low-temperature sintering characteristics and electrical properties of Ca- and Bi-doped Li7La3Zr2O12 electrolyte containing Li3BO3 additive
Authors: Hayashi Naohiro , Watanabe Ken , Shimanoe Kengo
Published: January 2023

A co-fired solid-state battery based on Li6.5La2.9Ca0.1Zr1.4Bi0.6O12 + Li3BO3 electrolyte.
A Tb3+-anchored Zr(iv)-bipyridine MOF to promote photo-induced electron transfer and simultaneously enhance photoluminescence ability and photocatalytic reduction efficiency towards Cr2O72−
Authors: Li Qing , Wu Zhi-Qiang , Li Dan , Liu Tian-Hui , Yin Huan-yu , Cai Xin-Bin , Zhu Wei , Fan Zeng-Lu , Li Ren-Zhong
Published: January 2023

The fluorescence sensing sensitivity, accuracy, and photocatalytic reduction efficiency of a bcu topological Zr-MOF have been effectively improved, by firmly anchoring lanthanide Tb3+ ions in the Zr-MOF.
Hydrophobized poly(heptazine imide) for highly effective photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide production in a biphasic fatty alcohol–water system
Authors: Krivtsov Igor , Vazirani Ashish , Mitoraj Dariusz , Elnagar Mohamed M. , Neumann Christof , Turchanin Andrey , Patiño Yolanda , Ordóñez Salvador , Leiter Robert , Lindén Mika , Kaiser Ute , Beranek Radim
Published: January 2023

An effective hydrophobization of ionic carbon nitride (PHI) nanoparticles in the form of a composite with alkylated silica enables highly efficient photocatalysts for light-driven production of hydrogen peroxide under biphasic conditions.
A high voltage aqueous proton battery using an optimized operation of a MoO3 positive electrode
Authors: Ikezawa Atsunori , Koyama Yukinori , Nishizawa Tadaaki , Arai Hajime
Published: January 2023

Proton insertion–extraction mechanisms of MoO3 were investigated using operando X-ray diffraction and density functional theory calculation. A high voltage aqueous proton battery was constructed by optimizing the operating potential of MoO3.
Giant caloric effects in charge–spin–lattice coupled transition-metal oxides
Authors: Shimakawa Yuichi , Kosugi Yoshihisa
Published: January 2023

Giant caloric effects found in NdCu3Fe4O12 and BiCu3Cr4O12 are highlighted. The details of the giant caloric effects in the novel charge–spin–lattice coupled transition-metal oxides are summarized and the mechanism of the effects is discussed.
Efficient amine oxidation using metal–organic framework photocatalysts for aminoalkyl radical-mediated halogen-atom transfer
Authors: Liu Xin , Guo Zhifen , Che Yan , Liu Xingbing , Yu Min , Lv Jiahuan , Li Mengying , Xing Hongzhu , Chen Peng
Published: January 2023

Efficient photooxidation of amines by visible-light-responsive metal–organic frameworks generating α-aminoalkyl radicals to achieve halogen-atom transfer (XAT) reactions of dehalogenation, hydroalkylation and polyfluoroarylation.
Mechanistic insights and importance of hydrophobicity in cationic polymers for cancer therapy
Authors: Kumar Nishant , Oqmhula Kenji , Hongo Kenta , Takagi Kengo , Yusa Shin-ichi , Rajan Robin , Matsumura Kazuaki
Published: January 2023

We describe the synthesis of anticancer polymers containing hydrophobic groups. Cationic homopolymer does not show any anticancer activity on its own; however, the insertion of hydrophobic moieties synergistically enhances their anticancer activity.
A redox reaction-induced ratiometric fluorescence platform for the specific detection of ascorbic acid based on Ag2S quantum dots and multifunctional CoOOH nanoflakes
Authors: Chen Haoyu , Cai Zifu , Gui Jialing , Tang Ying , Yin Peng , Zhu Xiaohua , Zhang Youyu , Li Haitao , Liu Meiling , Yao Shouzhuo
Published: January 2023

In this work, a ratiometric fluorescent nanoplatform for the detection of ascorbic acid (AA) was constructed based on the Ag2S quantum dots (QDs) and multifunctional hydroxyl cobalt oxide nanoflakes (CoOOH NFs).
Time-resolved XAS studies reveal sequential oxidative–reductive formation of Na-doped iridium oxide films with enhanced bio-stimulating performance
Authors: Tso Kuang-Chih , Hsieh Yi-Chieh , Lee Jyh-Fu , Pao Chih-Wen , Chen Po-Chun , Ohta Jun , Wu Pu-Wei
Published: January 2023

A Na-doped iridium oxide film is heterogeneously deposited on ITO. Time-resolved XAS validates the sequential oxidative–reductive steps for the Ir3+ precursor. The film exhibits an impressive electrochemical performance and a negligible bio-toxicity.
Energy harvesting using two-dimensional (2D) d-silicates from abundant natural minerals
Authors: Mahapatra Preeti Lata , Singh Appu Kumar , Tromer Raphael , R. Karthik , M. Ambresha , Costin Gelu , Lahiri Basudev , Kundu Tarun Kumar , Ajayan P. M. , Altman Eric I. , Galvao Douglas S. , Tiwary Chandra Sekhar
Published: January 2023

This paper demonstrates the exfoliation of naturally occurring silicates into two-dimensional structures. Moving the d-silicate device repeatedly in a vertical direction causes it to react robotically and generate up to ∼400 mV of voltage.
CNT-functionalized electrospun fiber mat for a stretchable moisture-driven power generator
Authors: Faramarzi Paniz , Kim Byeunggon , You Jae Bem , Jeong Soo-Hwan
Published: January 2023

A stretchable moisture-driven power generator (MPG) composed of carbon nanotubes on an electrospun mat is demonstrated. The MPG generated can generate a peak power of 320 nW and shows reliable operation even at 60% applied strain.
Non-aryl substituted aza-BODIPYs at 1,7- or 3,5-sites: synthesis, structures, optical properties, and applications
Authors: Zhang Dongxiang , Liu Guorui , Jiang Xin-Dong
Published: January 2023

Aza-borondipyrromethenes (aza-BODIPYs) possess excellent photophysical properties, and the structurally modified dyes exhibit favourable performance and applications in biomolecular sensing, photoelectric materials, and tumor phototherapy.
Targeting trypanosomes: how chemogenomics and artificial intelligence can guide drug discovery
Authors: Urán Landaburu Lionel , Didier Garnham Mercedes , Agüero Fernán
Published: January 2023

Trypanosomatids are protozoan parasites that cause human and animal neglected diseases. Despite global efforts, effective treatments are still much needed. Phenotypic screens have provided several chemical leads for drug discovery, but the mechanism of action for many of these chemicals is currently unknown. Recently, chemogenomic screens assessing the susceptibility or resistance of parasites carrying genome-wide modifications started to define the mechanism of action of drugs at large scale. In this review, we discuss how genomics is being used for drug discovery in trypanosomatids, how integration of chemical and genomics data from these and other organisms has guided prioritisations of candidate therapeutic targets and additional chemical starting points, and how these data can fuel the expansion of drug discovery pipelines into the era of artificial intelligence.