bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thidiazuron, a phenyl-urea cytokinin, inhibits ergosterol synthesis and attenuates biofilm formation of Candida albicans
Authors: Harikrishnan Pandurangan , Arayambath Balamani , Jayaraman Vijay Karthik , Ekambaram Kanimozhi , Ahmed Emad A , Senthilkumar Palanisamy , Ibrahim Hairul-Islam Mohamed , Sundaresan Arjunan , Thirugnanasambantham Krishnaraj
Published: May 2022

Candida albicans is a common human fungal pathogen that colonizes mucosa and develops biofilm in the oral cavity which cause oral candidiosis. This study investigates the effects of a new molecule thidiazuron against the growth and biofilm formation properties of C. albicans. Preliminary molecular docking study revealed potential interaction between thidiazuron and amino acids residues of cytochrome P450 mono-oxygenase (CYP51). Further in vitro anti-fungal susceptibility test, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and time kill analysis revealed potential anti-fungal activity of thidiazuron in both dose and time dependent manner. Crystal violet staining, 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) reduction assay and acridine orange staining visually confirmed biofilm inhibitory potential of thidiazuron. Gene expression study shows that thidiazuron treatment down regulated the expression of genes involved in ergosterol synthesis, cell adhesion and hyphae development in C. albicans. This study identified thidiazuron as a new CYP51 inhibitor and a novel antibiofilm agent against C. albicans.
An Investigation into Project Management Best Practices in Nigeria’s Telecommunication Industry
Authors: Samuel Olanrewaju Modupe
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the study was to investigate project management best practices in Nigeria’s telecommunication industry. Data was collected across 379 telecommunication firms and analyzed using the descriptive method. The study found that telecommunication firms in Nigeria adopt the best project management practices. Best project management practices are widespread in the telecommunication industry in Nigeria. The project management practices adopted by telecommunication firms include holding initial meetings of all the project stakeholders, the development of project scope management, keeping all related parties updated throughout the project’s lifecycle, the creating of resource plan, the creation of a response risk team, transparency in the implementation of projects, setting realistic project milestone and review of project performance.
Normal Value Ranges of LV Deformation, Rotation and Twist Parameters in Healthy Adults by 4Dimensional XStrain Speckle Tracking Echocardiography
Authors: Mehrotra Akhil
Published: May 2022

XStrain 4D Speckle tracking echocardiography is a novel approach to address both the strain deformation and rotational mechanics of LV. The aim was to comprehensively present the normal value ranges of LV strain and rotational parameters of healthy Indian adults after assessment with this innovative technique. The study population comprising of 80 adults (58 males, 22 females; Group A < 30 years, Group B > 31 years) is revealing the values of Global longitudinal strain (GLS), Global longitudinal strain rate (GLSR), Transverse strain (TS), Transverse strain rate (TSR), Shear and Shear rate are greater in men than in women (p<0.01) and moreover in Group A, Global Circumferential strain (GCS), Global Circumferential strain rate (GCSR), Global Radial strain and Global Radial strain rate (GRSR) were similarly higher in men. Peak apical rotation, peak twist, twist rate and untwist rate values were again greater in men (p<0.01) and increased with advancing age. This is the first study to present a candid and comprehensive analysis of extensive parameters of LV strain and rotational mechanics in healthy Indian adults.
Assessing the Social and Economic Impact of Logistics Management on the Liberian Economy (the National Transit Authority 2015-2018)
Authors: Gbellay Jeremiah Momo
Published: May 2022

Under the able leadership of Her Excellency Madam Sirleaf, the government envisioned that to address the many unemployment in Liberia, it was prudent to decentralize governance and all government services appertaining transportation from the transport ministry to the national transit authority (NTA) to alleviate huge unemployment deficiency with employment. Therefore, affordable public transportation for Liberians was identified as one of the areas for strategic intervention. Significantly, the remodeling of the Monrovia Transit Authority (MTA) into the National Transit Authority (NTA) tries to pursue decentralization to provide affordable, convenient, and reliable mass transit services to citizens throughout the breadth of the country for all citizenries. After over a decade of post-conflict growth and relative peace and stability since the end of the 1989-2003 conflict, Liberia’s transport infrastructure and logistics sector have the potential for enormous growth and development. Over the past period, there has been an increasing emphasis on supply chain and logistics management as a medium for firms to achieve competitive advantage in markets (Collins, 2003. P. 8). A large number of examples in the 1990s show how countries have made significant investments to streamline the supply chain to improve customer satisfaction and increase the internal productivity of their economy. In conclusion, this paper fully explores both the framework for and an analysis of such reflections of the civil unrest conflicts in Liberia and assessing the social and economic impact of logistics management of the Liberian economy.
Effect of climate change on streamflow in the Gelana watershed, Rift valley basin, Ethiopia
Authors: Daniel Habtamu , Abate Brook
Published: May 2022

Climate change is one of the current global threats and the topmost challenges. This study aims to investigate the climate change effect on streamflow in the Gelana watershed using the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model for three consecutive periods of 2031–2050, 2051–2070, and 2071–2090. Climate variables were downscaled from two regional climate models (RCMs) (RACMO22T and RCA4) from CORDEX-Africa under representative concentration pathway (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) scenarios. RCMs were evaluated using four statistical indicators and performed very well. Power transformation and distribution mapping methods were used to correct biases of precipitation and temperatures, respectively. The 19 SWAT model-sensitive parameters were transferred from the gauged donor watersheds to the ungauged watershed outlet by using the principal component analysis coupled with the stepwise multiple linear regression. The ensemble mean of RCMs revealed that the maximum and minimum temperatures and potential evapotranspiration were predicted to increase up to 3.48 °C, 4.19 °C, and 17.85%, respectively, in the period of 2071–2090 under the RCP8.5 scenario. These changes translate to possible reductions in the mean annual rainfall and streamflow up to 15.12 and 44.14%, respectively, with a consequent higher decline of surface runoff by 22.23%, groundwater by 42.54%, and water yield by 35.89% in the period of 2051–2070 under the RCP4.5 scenario. The projected rainfall and streamflow are expected to face a higher decline in wet seasons. Detections of trends in hydro-climatic variables were performed by using the Mann–Kendall test. Hence, these projection scenarios should be of interest to river users and water resource managers in the Gelana watershed.
Achilles-ín rekonstrukció quadriceps ín grafttal
Authors: Szilágyi Zoltán , Biró Csaba , Balasa Tibor
Published: May 2022

Az Achilles–ín rekonstrukciója bizonyos esetekben nehéz feladat elé állítja a sebészt. A szerzők közleményünkben három eset kapcsán mutatnak be egy általuk alkalmazott technikát, amelynek segítségével sikeresen oldották meg az Achilles–ín reruptúráját, megrövidülését vagy éppen hiányát. Az Achilles–ín rekonstrukcióhoz a térdsebészetben keresztszalag pótlására is használt quadriceps ín graftot használtak.
Prognostic Significance of Low HER2 Expression in Patients With Early Hormone Receptor Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: DOUGANIOTIS GEORGE , KONTOVINIS LOUKAS , MARKOPOULOU EFROSINI , AINALI ALEXANDRA , ZARAMPOUKAS THOMAS , NATSIOPOULOS IOANNIS , PAPAZISIS KONSTANTINOS
Published: May 2022

Background/Aim: A possible role of antibody-drug conjugates against tumors with low HER2-expression, leads to the emergence of a new “low-HER2” classification in breast cancer, encompassing tumors from the hormonal-receptor-positive and the triple-negative subgroups. There is a need for data (clinical trial data and real-world evidence) that will accurately describe this population, the risk of recurrence and the possible benefit of HER2 targeted therapies. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 949 patients from our Department databases, with hormonal receptor-positive and HER2-negative early breast cancer, for whom detailed data for immunohistochemical HER2-staining could be retrieved. Results: HER2-low expression was detected in 66.6% of patients (472 IHC +1 and 160 IHC +2 and ISH-negative). Lobular, or mixed lobular and ductal cancers had a statistically significantly lower chance of being HER2-low when compared to pure infiltrative ductal carcinomas (53.1% vs. 69.3% respectively). HER2-low status was not prognostic for recurrence-free survival or response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. There was a non-significant trend for increased risk of recurrence for HER2-low, compared to HER2-0, in patients with lobular or mixed lobular and ductal carcinomas (HR=2.192, 95% CI=0.819-5.912). Conclusion: Low expression of HER2 in hormonal receptor-positive early breast cancer does not affect prognosis but may lead to a shorter progression-free-survival in lobular and mixed ductal and lobular cancers. Despite optimal management, a large proportion of hormonal receptor-positive patients will relapse. Targeting HER2 in HER2-low cancers may offer a potential additional treatment strategy to improve survival of this group.
Patient and Provider Perspectives on Enrollment in Precision Oncology Research: Qualitative Ethical Analysis
Authors: Spector-Bagdady Kayte , Kent Madison , Krenz Chris D , Brummel Collin , Swiecicki Paul L , Brenner J Chad , Shuman Andrew G
Published: May 2022

Background

The genomic frontier continues to revolutionize the practice of oncology. Advances in cancer biology from tumorigenesis to treatment resistance are driven by the molecular underpinnings of malignancy. The framing of precision oncology as both a clinical and research tool is constantly evolving and directly influences conversations between oncologists and their patients. Prior research has shown that patient-participants often have unmet or unrealistic expectations regarding the clinical utility of oncology research and genomic sequencing. This indicates the need for more in-depth investigation of how and why patients choose to participate in such research.

Objective

This study presents a qualitative ethical analysis to better understand patient and provider perspectives on enrollment in precision oncology research.

Methods

Paired semistructured interviews were conducted with patient-participants enrolled in a prospective head and neck precision oncology research platform, along with their oncology providers, at a National Cancer Institute–designated academic cancer center.

Results

There were three major themes that emerged from the analysis. (1) There are distinct and unique challenges with informed consent to precision medicine, chiefly involving the ability of both patient-participants and providers to effectively understand the science underlying the research. (2) The unique benefits of precision medicine enrollment are of paramount importance to patients considering enrollment. (3) Patient-participants have little concern for the risks of research enrollment, particularly in the context of a low-burden protocol.

Conclusions

Patient-participants and their providers offer complementary and nuanced perspectives on their motivation to engage in precision oncology research. This reflects both the inherent promise and enthusiasm within the field, as well as the limitations and challenges of ensuring that both patient-participants and clinicians understand the complexities of the science involved.
Assessing Engagement With Patient-Generated Health Data Recording and Its Impact on Health Behavior Changes in Multicomponent Interventions: Supplementary Analysis
Authors: Kinouchi Kaori , Ohashi Kazutomo
Published: May 2022

Background

The use and sharing of patient-generated health data (PGHD) by clinicians or researchers is expected to enhance the remote monitoring of specific behaviors that affect patient health. In addition, PGHD use could support patients’ decision-making on preventive care management, resulting in reduced medical expenses. However, sufficient evidence on the use and sharing of PGHD is lacking, and the impact of PGHD recording on patients’ health behavior changes remains unclear.

Objective

This study aimed to assess patients’ engagement with PGHD recording and to examine the impact of PGHD recording on their health behavior changes.

Methods

This supplementary analysis used the data of 47 postpartum women who had been assigned to the intervention group of our previous study for managing urinary incontinence. To assess the patients’ engagement with PGHD recording during the intervention period (8 weeks), the fluctuation in the number of patients who record their PGHD (ie, PGHD recorders) was evaluated by an approximate curve. In addition, to assess adherence to the pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT), the weekly mean number of pelvic floor muscle contractions performed per day among 17 PGHD recorders was examined by latent class growth modeling (LCGM).

Results

The fluctuation in the number of PGHD recorders was evaluated using the sigmoid curve formula (R2=0.91). During the first week of the intervention, the percentage of PGHD recorders was around 64% (30/47) and then decreased rapidly from the second to the third week. After the fourth week, the percentage of PGHD recorders was 36% (17/47), which remained constant until the end of the intervention. When analyzing the data of these 17 PGHD recorders, PFMT adherence was categorized into 3 classes by LCGM: high (7/17, 41%), moderate (3/17, 18%), and low (7/17, 41%).

Conclusions

The number of PGHD recorders declined over time in a sigmoid curve. A small number of users recorded PGHD continuously; therefore, patients’ engagement with PGHD recording was low. In addition, more than half of the PGHD recorders (moderate- and low-level classes combined: 10/17, 59%) had poor PFMT adherence. These results suggest that PGHD recording does not always promote health behavior changes.
Effects of Pharmacogenomic Testing in Clinical Pain Management: Retrospective Study (Preprint)
Authors: Tagwerker Christian , Carias-Marines Mary Jane , Smith David J
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

The availability of pharmacogenomic (PGx) methods to determine the right drug and dosage for individualized patient treatment has increased over the past decade. Adoption of the resulting PGx reports in a clinical setting and monitoring of clinical outcomes is a challenging and long-term commitment.

OBJECTIVE

This study summarizes an extended PGx deep sequencing panel intended for medication dosing and prescription guidance newly adopted in a pain management clinic. The primary outcome of this retrospective study reports the number of cases and types of drugs covered, for which PGx data appears to have assisted in optimal drug prescription and dosing.

METHODS

A PGx panel is described, encompassing 23 genes and 141 single-nucleotide polymorphisms or indels, combined with PGx dosing guidance and drug-gene interaction (DGI) and drug-drug interaction (DDI) reporting to prevent adverse drug reactions (ADRs). During a 2-year period, patients (N=171) were monitored in a pain management clinic. Urine toxicology, PGx reports, and progress notes were studied retrospectively for changes in prescription regimens before and after the PGx report was made available to the provider. An additional algorithm provided DGIs and DDIs to prevent ADRs.

RESULTS

Among patient PGx reports with medication lists provided (n=146), 57.5% (n=84) showed one or more moderate and 5.5% (n=8) at least one serious PGx interaction. A total of 96 (65.8%) patients showed at least one moderate and 15.1% (n=22) one or more serious DGIs or DDIs. A significant number of active changes in prescriptions based on the 102 PGx/DGI/DDI report results provided was observed for 85 (83.3%) patients for which a specific drug was either discontinued or switched within the defined drug classes of the report, or a new drug was added.

CONCLUSIONS

Preventative action was observed for all serious interactions, and only moderate interactions were tolerated for the lack of other alternatives. This study demonstrates the application of an extended PGx panel combined with a customized informational report to prevent ADRs and improve patient care.
Authors' Response to Peer Reviews of “Effects of Pharmacogenomic Testing in Clinical Pain Management: Retrospective Study” (Preprint)
Authors: Tagwerker Christian , Carias-Marines Mary Jane , Smith David J
Published: May 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

This is the authors' responses to peer review reports related to MS# 32902
Peer Review of “Effects of Pharmacogenomic Testing in Clinical Pain Management: Retrospective Study” (Preprint)
Authors: Hetti Arachchilage Madara
Published: May 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

This is a peer review report related to MS# 32902
Clarity on the Type of Review. Comment on “Value Cocreation in Health Care: Systematic Review” (Preprint)
Authors: Kajal Fnu
Published: May 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

n/a
Digital primary health care, building a pilot model and evaluating patient satisfaction in Santarem, Amazon. (Preprint)
Authors: Bin Kaio , Alves Patrícia Gabriela Santana , Costa Raquel Miranda , Eiras Paula Cruz , Araujo Luciano Nader de , Pereira Antonio José Rodrigues , Malik Ana Maria
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

With the arrival of the pandemic, telemedicine has been widely used to provide medical care, which also is possible to be used to assist patients in regions far from urban centers that are difficult to access, such as riverside communities in the Brazilian Amazon region.

OBJECTIVE

To build a model of digital primary health care using technology, that allows for remote medical consultation and evaluate the patient´s experience.

METHODS

This is a single-centre prospective study, in the pre-construction phase of a digital product. This early study last twelve-week, from Sep 27 to Dec 15, 2021.The study was carried out linking a basic health unit in the city of Santarém and a university hospital in the city of Sao Paulo, distant from one another about 2,500 km in a straight line. a total of 585 appointments was planned in a total of 195 available hours for scheduling, where at the end of each consultation, the attending physician answers an administrative survey form, and the patient answers and satisfaction survey.

RESULTS

There were 35 hours of total internet outage between locations. 243 appointments were scheduled, with 23 missed. The average duration of consultations was between 15 and 20 minutes, 81% were first consultations, 51% had a new diagnosis of acute illness, 3% needed referral to a specialist, 91% of the demands were solved with support from the local health team, 99 % of appointments had some kind of problem with audio or video. 95% of patients were satisfied with the service, 87% had previous experience with videoconferencing, 77% reported that their demand was fully solved.

CONCLUSIONS

This teleconsultation project between São Paulo and Santarém showed that it is possible to offer medical care from more developed locations to communities far from urban centers, as is the case of Paisandu district. Beyond the feasibility of the infrastructure acceptance and satisfaction among patients were high. This healthcare supply model proves to be functional and financially viable, can and should be expanded nationally or perhaps internationally, to regions lacking medical assistance. Escalation of the project does not seem too difficult, once infrastructure issues are solved.
An identity affirming web app to help sexual and gender minority youth cope with minority stress: Pilot Randomized Control Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Bauermeister Jose , Choi Seul Ki , Bruehlman-Senecal Emma , Golinkoff Jesse , Taboada Arianna , Lavra Josh , Ramazzini Lionel , Dillon Fred , Haritatos Jana
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

Efficacious mental health interventions for sexual and gender minority youth (SGMY) have had limited reach given their delivery as time intensive, in-person sessions. Internet-based interventions may facilitate reach to SGMY, yet there is little research examining their efficacy.

OBJECTIVE

We describe the results of a pilot randomized controlled trial of imi, a web app designed to improve mental health by supporting LGBTQ+ identity affirmation, coping self-efficacy, and coping skill practice.

METHODS

SGMY(N=270) living in the US, ages 13 to 19 (Mean 16.5, SD 1.5 years) were recruited through Instagram ads. Nearly 78% of the sample identified as a racial and/or ethnic minority. Participants were randomized in a 1:1 fashion to the full imi intervention web app (treatment, n=135) or a resource page-only version of the imi site (control, n=135). imi covered four topical areas: gender identity, LGBTQ+ identity, stress and coping, and internalized homophobia and transphobia. Participants explored these areas by engaging with informational resources, interactive exercises, and peer stories at a self-guided pace. Both arms were assessed via web-based surveys at baseline and 4-week follow-up for intervention satisfaction, stress appraisals (i.e., challenge, threat, resource), coping skills (i.e., instrumental support, positive reframing, planning), and mental health symptoms, among other outcomes. Main ‘intent-to-treat’ analyses compared the arms at week 4, controlling for baseline values on each outcome.

RESULTS

Results: Survey retention was 90% at week 4. Participants in the treatment arm reported greater satisfaction with the intervention than participants in the control arm (t241=-2.98; p=.003). The treatment arm showed significantly greater improvement in challenge appraisals (i.e., belief in one’s coping abilities) than the control (Cohen d=0.26; p=.008). There were no differences between the arms for threat (d=0.10; p=.37) or resource (d=0.15; p=.14) appraisals. The treatment arm showed greater increases in coping skills than the control arm (instrumental support: d=0.24, p=.005; positive reframing: d=0.27, p=.02; planning: d=0.26, p=.02). Mental health symptoms improved across both the treatment and control arms; however, there were no differences between arms. Within the treatment arm, higher engagement with imi (>=5 sessions, >10 minutes, or >10 pages) predicted greater improvement in stress appraisals (all ps<.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Results provide initial evidence that asynchronous psychosocial interventions delivered via a web app to SGMY can support their ability to cope with minority stress. Further research is needed to examine the long-term effects of imi.

CLINICALTRIAL

Clinical Trials.gov NCT05061966; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05061966
Tobacco Derived Nicotine Pouches: A content analysis of brands and marketing messages on internet and traditional media (Preprint)
Authors: Ling Pamela May , Hrywna Mary , Talbot Eugene M , Lewis M. Jane
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

Nicotine pouches and lozenges are increasingly available in the US and sales are growing. Many pouch products are produced by tobacco companies, though some claim to contain “tobacco free” nicotine.

OBJECTIVE

We examined marketing of five oral nicotine products sold by tobacco companies.

METHODS

Internet, radio, television, print, and online display advertisements between January 2019 and March 2020 for six brands of nicotine pouches and lozenges were identified through commercially available marketing surveillance systems supplemented by manual search of trade press and review of brand websites. A total of 711 ads (122 unique) were analyzed to identify characteristics, themes, marketing strategies, and target audience, and qualitatively compared by brand.

RESULTS

Six brands of nicotine pouch products spent a total of $11.2 million on advertising in 2019, with most ($10.7 million) spent by the brand Velo, and 86% of the unique ads were online. By ad count, two brands, Velo (57%) and ZYN (42%) dominated; these brands also made the greatest number of advertising claims in general. These claims focused on novelty, modernity, and use in a variety of contexts, including urban contexts, workplace, transportation, and leisure activities. These two brands also included most of the images of people, including women and people of color. Rogue, Revel, Dryft and on! brands focused mainly on product features. All nicotine pouch products made tobacco free, smoke free, spit free, or vape free claims.

CONCLUSIONS

Nicotine pouches and lozenges may expand the nicotine market as tobacco free claims may alleviate concerns about health harms, and advertising features a greater diversity of people and contexts than typical smokeless tobacco advertising. The market leaders and highest spending brands ZYN and Velo included more lifestyle claims. Surveillance of nicotine pouch marketing and uptake is necessary, including influence on tobacco use behaviors.
TRUTH: A Trans Youth of Color Study – Study Protocol (Preprint)
Authors: Calvetti Sam , Rusow Joshua A. , Lewis Jacqueline , Martinez Amarah D. , Slay Lindsay , Bray Bethany C. , Goldbach Jeremy T. , Kipke Michele D.
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

Growing research on transgender youth is accounting for the variety of ways in which young people define their genders and sexualities. Due to this growing representation, more research is needed to understand how intersectional identities and stigma impact risk for HIV acquisition along the HIV care continuum and engagement in mental and physical healthcare. Little is known about accessibility to HIV-related prevention services of nonbinary and transmasculine youth and further understanding of the impacts on transfeminine people, those who have historically faced the highest prevalence of HIV positivity, is crucial.

OBJECTIVE

The overarching aims of TRUTH: A Transgender Youth of Color Study is to conduct longitudinal research with a cohort of transgender minority youth (TGMY), to explore factors that aid in the prevention of new HIV infection and transmission and reduce HIV/AIDS-related disparities by focusing on successful engagement in care. Findings from this research will be used to inform the development of new interventions designed to engage AA/L-YMSM and TGMY in the HIV prevention and care continua.

METHODS

Longitudinal research (baseline and follow-up assessments every 6 months for a total of 3 waves of data collection) followed a new cohort of N=108 transgender youth of color recruited in Los Angeles, California. Participants were recruited using multiple community-informed strategies such as venue-based, social media, and participant referral. In addition to self-report surveys, urine was collected to assess recent use of illicit drugs and blood, rectal, and throat swabs were collected to test for current sexually transmitted infection (STI)/HIV infection. Additional blood and plasma samples (10 mL for 4 aliquots and 1 pellet) were collected and stored for future research.

RESULTS

To date, all participants in the TRUTH Study have been recruited and the first three waves of data collection have completed. Data analysis is ongoing.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings from this research will inform adaptations to existing evidence-based HIV prevention interventions and help guide new interventions for to engage TGMY, especially those who are Black, Indigenous, and/or people of color in the HIV prevention and care continua.
Self-management interventions for people with Parkinson’s Disease: A scoping review (Preprint)
Authors: Milne-Ives Madison , Carroll Camille , Meinert Edward
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND

Parkinson’s disease can impose significant distress and costs on patients, families and caregivers, and healthcare systems. To address these burdens for families and the healthcare system, there is a need to better support patient self-management. To achieve this, there is a need for an overview of the current state of the literature on self-management, to identify what is being done, how well it is working, and what might be missing.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this scoping review is to provide an overview of the current body of research on self-management interventions for people with Parkinson’s disease and to identify any knowledge gaps.

METHODS

The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) and Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome, and Study (PICOS) frameworks were used to structure the methodology of the review. One reviewer systematically searched four databases (PubMed, Ovid, Scopus, and Web of Science) for evaluations of self-management interventions for Parkinson’s published in English. The references were screened using the EndNote X9 citation management software, titles and abstracts were manually reviewed, and studies were selected for inclusion based on the eligibility criteria. Data was extracted into a pre-established form and synthesised in a descriptive analysis.

RESULTS

There was variation among the studies on study design, sample size, intervention type, and outcomes measured. The randomised controlled trials had the strongest evidence of effectiveness: 5/8 randomised controlled trials found a significant difference between groups favouring the intervention on their primary outcome, and the remaining three had significant effects on at least some of the secondary outcomes. The two interventions for mental health outcomes found significant changes over time, and the three algorithms evaluated performed well. The remaining studies examined patient perceptions, acceptability, and cost-effectiveness, and found generally positive results.

CONCLUSIONS

This scoping review identified a wide variety of interventions designed to support various aspects of self-management for people with Parkinson’s disease. The studies all generally reported positive results, and although the strength of the evidence varied, this suggests that self-management interventions are promising for improving the care and outcomes of people with Parkinson’s. However, the research tended to focus on the motor aspects of Parkinson’s, with few non-motor or holistic interventions, and there was a lack of evaluation of cost-effectiveness. This research will be important to providing self-management interventions that meet the varied and diverse needs of people with Parkinson’s and to determining which interventions are worth promoting for widespread adoption.
Los efectos educativos de la pandemia en la población indígena
Authors: Schmelkes Sylvia
Published: May 2022

La educación es un derecho de los pueblos indígenas, aunque la realidad educativa esasimétrica y desigual con relación a su cultura, cuya intencionalidad castellanizadoray asimilacionista se mantiene. Este ensayo analiza la desventaja de los indígenas conrespecto al aprendizaje escolar, pues reciben una oferta educativa pobre, cultural ylingüísticamente irrelevante, que la pandemia exacerbó. A pesar de la escasa información, puede preverse un déficit de aprendizajes por parte de los estudiantes indígenas mayor al de los no indígenas, así como decesión escolar. Este agravamientode las desigualdades educativas es un problema nacional que la política educativano enfrenta.
Antecedentes, debates y orientaciones de los posgrados en México en el siglo XXI
Authors: Pérez Arenas David
Published: May 2022

El artículo analiza los debates en que surgieron y se han desarrollado los estudios de posgrado en México, tomando como eje de análisis el tipo de orientación hacia el que se han enfocado estos programas: la profesionalización o la investigación, así como las implicaciones y sentido que han adquirido estos tipos de formación, dependiendo del contexto histórico social y de las políticas educativas en que se han inscrito; destacando los cambios que a partir de la última década del siglo pasado, generaron una dislocación de su identidad social  y empezaron a configurar su nuevo contorno, la comercialización de la educación.
The perception of the parents toward the online teaching and learning during the covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Gyeltshen Tempa
Published: May 2022

On March 5, 2020, the first positive case of COVID-19 was confirmed in Bhutan, and on March 18, all the nationwide schools were closed to decrease the spread of Coronavirus. Like many other countries, Bhutan initiated online teaching and learning to replace traditional face-to-classes during the COVID-19 pandemic to continue children's learning. Lessons were broadcast on television and self-learning materials were distributed to rural schools and those who don't have access to online learning. This study is projected to investigate the parents' perspectives on online teaching and Learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study was conducted in a small village under Shumar Gewog (block) under Pema Gatshel Dzongkhag (district) in the East of Bhutan. This paper was a qualitative study based on in-depth semi-structured interviews which were limited to thirty key informants due to several limitations. Data were analyzed with a content analysis approach. The study found that there is a mixed perception towards online teaching and learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. The result suggested that online classes during the COVID-19 pandemic will assist their children to keep engaged, it helps many students to clear doubts and understand the concepts in better ways, it helps the students to use Information and Communication Technology (ICT) which enhances their capability to explore the world beyond. On the other hand, it is connected with the parents concerning the quality of education due to the online classes, the poor network connectivity issues, wastage of money on data, and most of the children are engaged in online games and other unhealthy websites which can result in the risk of cyberbullying.
Developing Standards for Assessing Circulatory and Respiratory Function of First-Year Male Students Majoring in Athletics, Swimming and Volleyball at Hanoi University of Physical Education and Sports
Authors: Tuong Tran Dinh
Published: May 2022

By routine research methods in physical training and sports, the article tested the representativeness of the mean and the normal distribution of the circulatory and respiratory indices of the first-year male students at the university. Hanoi University of Physical Education and Training, from which to develop classification standards, grading scale, and general evaluation criteria for circulatory and respiratory functions of male first-year male students of Hanoi University of Sports and Education.
Ideología y política dentro de la ciencia política estadounidense. Una revisión histórica crítica
Authors: Flores-Mariscal J. R. Joel
Published: May 2022

Este artículo realiza una revisión de varios determinantes contextuales históricos y políticos que han impactado el proceso global de institucionalización de la ciencia política en Estados Unidos. A partir de una revisión de literatura metadisciplinar y analizar su relación con diferentes momentos de la historia estadounidense, se argumenta que dichas coyunturas han incidido en el desarrollo de las características metodológicas y los matices ideológico-normativos de la disciplina y que tal proceso de influencia debe ser objeto de discusión reflexiva y abierta como punto de partida para atender la tensión entre los fines de conocimiento académicos y los objetivos de aplicación o incidencia en la política práctica y para buscar la relevancia social de la disciplina.
El colonialismo intelectual como obstáculo comprensivo del capitalismo neoliberal. Por una sociología global de carácter periférico
Authors: Venables Brito Juan Pablo
Published: May 2022

Este artículo analiza los principales problemas que presenta el colonialismo intelectual para la comprensión de fenómenos históricos de carácter global —específicamente el capitalismo en su actual versión neoliberal—, con el fin de dar cuenta de que este obstáculo no atañe sólo a las periferias, sino a las ciencias sociales en general, toda vez que impide una adecuada comprensión y caracterización de dichos fenómenos. Luego de revisar las principales dificultades, en particular en relación con América Latina, el artículo propone las bases para el desarrollo de una sociología global de carácter periférico: 1) poner en entredicho el presupuesto que mecaniza la relación Norte-Sur en un polo creativo y otro repetitivo; 2) descentrar sus supuestos orígenes modernos; 3) relevar el poder de agencia que tienen los distintos actores en la relación —remarcando así su carácter intrínsecamente relacional— y develar las relaciones de poder (colonial) que los enfoques pretendidamente universales esconden. De esta manera, se pretende favorecer una mirada efectivamente global sin negar la situacionalidad de todo conocimiento.
Metal Surface Defect Detection using Segmentation and Decision Networks
Authors: Dengale Pranav , Karkhanis Raj , Phadke Bhargav , Gaidhane Prof. Vaishali
Published: May 2022

Abstract: With set Quality Control and Quality Assurance processes, defects in manufacturing are rare but when they occur they can result in huge losses for the manufacturer if unchecked. Detecting these defects with the help of machine learning and deep learning techniques is now an interesting and promising area of research and industrial application. The project aims to build a model that will detect surface level cracks on metal commutators with deep learning techniques like image segmentation. Since in industry, defects are rare the segmentation based deep learning model will learn on fewer training samples as compared to a typical deep learning model which would require hundreds and thousands of training samples. The model is trained on the publicly available dataset provided by the Kolektor Group, which contains images of commutators and annotated if there are any surface cracks on the commutators. Keywords: Quality Assurance, Defect detection, commutators defect detection, Kolektor Dataset
AI Virtual Mouse Using Hand Gesture Recognition
Authors: Guha Joy , Kumari Shreya , Verma Prof. Shiv Kumar
Published: May 2022

Abstract: The PC mouse is one of the wondrous developments of people in the field of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) innovation. In new age of innovation, remote mouse or a contact less mouse actually utilizes gadgets and isn't liberated from gadgets completely, since it utilizes power from the gadget or might be from outside power sources like battery and gain space and electric power, likewise during COVID pandemic it is encouraged to make social separating and keep away from to contact things which gave by various people groups. Inside the projected AI virtual mouse utilizing hand signal framework, this constraint might be resolve by involving advanced camera or sacred camera for perceive the hand motions and fingers recognition abuse PC machine vision. The algorithmic rule used in the framework utilizes the man-made consciousness and AI algorithmic rule. Upheld the hand signals, the gadget might be controlled pretty much and might do left click, right snap, looking over capacities, and PC gadget pointer perform while not the utilization of the genuine mouse. Index Terms: deep learning base computer vision, real time mouse system, Media-pipe , HCI
AI based Early Flood Warning System
Authors: Gulhane Ruchika , Kadam Swapnil , Ingale Adesh , Pale Pranali
Published: May 2022

Abstract: Community Based Early Flood Warning System". Which covers study of early warning system in India, Study of 1OT based software and hardware, to build small scale working model on IOT based Interface. Due to use of such technology impacted community will be brought into the network of disaster relief committee, local media, local, police, the military unit and flood monitoring and forecasting station of the department of Hydraulic and Metrology. This technology will be proved very effective and will give warning and response immediately during the time of flood. This paper also gives a brief idea about the work done for the preparation for small scale model and various kinds of IOT based hardware, software and components used in it. Keywords: IOT based sensors, Arduino uno R3, early flood warning, Bluetooth module
A Survey on Multidimensional Chaotic Maps and Genetic Operator
Authors: B Sudeep Nooly , S Ravindra
Published: May 2022

Abstract: The image encryption and decryption is the one of the ways to providing security to digital image. Encryption technique is a process of converting plain image into a cipher image. Decryption technique is a process of converting cipher image into a plain image. In this paper a survey of several multidimensional chaotic maps along with genetic operator were used in order to secure an image are discussed and along with the advantages and disadvantages of those maps. Keywords: Chaotic system, Chaotic maps, 1-dimensional logistic map,2-dimensional henon map,3-dimensional chebyshev map.
Stock Price Prediction Using Transfer Learning Techniques
Authors: Shetty Sohan , Kurade Santosh , Yadav Dolly , Thakre Poonam
Published: May 2022

Abstract: The project is designed to predict the Price of a Stock listed in Indian National Stock Exchange (NSE). Application will run on Microsoft Windows. The current systems are extremely technical and hard to understand and used by an average Stock market trader who is not skilled in technical aspects of computer. Such systems are ignored by such users, who are also majority of the populous. Number of such people are also increasing and investing is done on an individual level by them. The system in this project aims to be usable by everyone without having to do extra computer related tedious work. It will be developed by designing an interactive and intuitive Smart User Interface. Which will display important data related to a stock desired by user. System will mine the required data and feed it automatically to the system so that it can predict price by using Machine Learning Techniques like deep learning and transfer learning. Keywords: Stock, Prediction, UI, ML, Application
Study of Effective Utilization of Waste P.E.T (Plastic) and Steel Slag to Enhance the Performance of Bitumen Based Pavement
Authors: Hasban Anjali , Waje Ashish , Vhatte Vaishnavi , Shinde Samruddhi , Binayake R. A.
Published: May 2022

Abstract: The present work was carried out to propose the use of processed waste plastic (P.E.T) and steel slag aggregate (SSA) for the modification of bituminous mix in order to cater the need of the enhancing the performance of flexible pavements as well as to minimize the quantum plastic waste in society as they have been posing a serious threat to environment. There are two methods available namely wet and dry process of incorporating waste plastics into bituminous mixes. Research work has been carried out by adopting the wet process. In this study, wet process is carried out on the grade1 suggested by MoRTH and IRC for BC mixes. The Marshall method of mix design was adopted using Penetration grade 60/70 binder to find the optimum binder content for all conventional as well as modified bituminous mixes and to find out optimum plastic and steel slag content that can replace these conventional materials. Marshall Specimens were prepared at bitumen contents of 4.0, 4.5, 5.0% by weight to find optimum bitumen content, with P.E.T content of 0%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10% by weight of bitumen and with steel slag aggregate content of 5%, 10% and 15% to find out respective limits and their properties. Marshall Stability, Flow value, Marshall Quotient, Air voids (Vv), Voids in Mineral Aggregates (VMA), Voids Filled with Bitumen (VFB), Retained Stability, were determined by adopting the wet process and compared with neat BC mixes. From the test results, it is clear that the Marshall Test values for modified mixes was much higher as compared to conventional bituminous mixes. Keywords: Bitumen, Aggregate, P.E.T (Polyethylene Terephthalate), Steel slag
Trabajo Emocional en grupos ocupacionales de Latinoamérica: Una revisión de alcance
Authors: Ramírez-Sánchez Juan Camilo , Solarte-Tobar María Camila , Bastidas-Jurado Claudia Fernanda , Matabanchoy-Salazar Johana Madelyn
Published: May 2022

Introducción: El Trabajo Emocional deteriora la salud mental de los colaboradores, quienes, en interacción con usuarios, regulan sus emociones para expresar las prescritas en la organización. Objetivo: Mapear sistemáticamente los hallazgos principales sobre el Trabajo Emocional en grupos ocupacionales de Latinoamérica a partir de la revisión de artículos científicos publicados entre 2009 y 2020, mediante una revisión de alcance. Materiales y métodos: A partir de la metodología PRISMA-ScR, se realizó la búsqueda en las bases de datos LILACS, Redalyc, Dialnet, DOAJ, BVS, Gale One File: Psychology y EBSCOhost; con las palabras clave “trabajo emocional” (español), “emotional labor”/“emotional work” (inglés) y “trabalho emocional” (portugués); y una matriz de registro documental como formulario de gráfico de datos. Resultados: De 186 artículos, se seleccionó 17, con las siguientes características: la mayoría fueron de Brasil; grupos de trabajadores en salud y docentes; con definición de trabajo emocional en 6 categorías; y se utilizaron 11 instrumentos de medición. Conclusiones: Existe amplia concepción sobre el trabajo emocional, sin embargo, la evidencia en Latinoamérica aún es limitada, por ello es necesario continuar investigación de su incidencia en diferentes escenarios laborales, para obtener una comprensión global del constructo.
La prediabetes y su impacto sobre la salud cardiovascular: artículo de revisión
Authors: Buitrago-Gómez Nathalia , Figueroa Lunevar , Casanova María Eugenia
Published: May 2022

Introducción: La prediabetes es un estado intermedio de hiperglicemia, con una alta prevalencia en la población colombiana. Su relación con enfermedad cardiovascular y complicaciones macro y microvasculares se ha establecido, incrementando la evidencia científica en la literatura reciente. Objetivo: Describir las enfermedades cardiovasculares (complicaciones macrovasculares) relacionadas con prediabetes, su diagnóstico, fisiopatología, el enfoque de manejo y el tratamiento avalado para prevenir estas complicaciones. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una revisión narrativa de la literatura, mediante búsqueda de artículos científicos en Medline entre 2015 y 2021. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 83 artículos. Se describe la relación de prediabetes con enfermedad cardiovascular, mortalidad, diagnóstico y tratamiento conforme a la literatura actualizada. Conclusiones: La importancia de la prediabetes radica en su asociación con complicaciones macrovasculares y su mortalidad, lo que pone en evidencia la importancia de estudiarla, seguirla y tratarla para evitar la progresión a diabetes mellitus, el desarrollo de desenlaces que finalizan en aumento de la morbimortalidad, alteración de la calidad de vida e incremento de los costos en salud.