bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the COVID-19 Fear and Quality of Life in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease During the Pandemic
Authors: CANKURTARAN Rasim Eren , TAYFUR YÜREKLİ Öykü , BÜYÜKAŞIK Naciye Şemnur , ERSOY Osman
Published: January 2022

Aim: Novel Coronavirus disease (COVİD-19) pandemic had caused various problems in follow up and treatment of many chronic diseases such as Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD). This study aimed to determine the level of fear and anxiety of COVID-19 and evaluate the quality of life of patients with IBD during the pandemic.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted as a cross-sectional study, and a total of 150 participants (IBD patient group=75, control group=75) were included. In order to evaluate the level of COVID-19 fear and anxiety, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) and Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) were used. In addition, Short Form-36 (SF-36) test was used to evaluate health-related quality of life.
Results: FCV-19S and CAS scores were significantly higher in IBD patients compared to the control group. (p<0.05). In IBD patients some subscores of SF-36 were significantly lower than the control group (p<0.05). Univariate regression analyses showed that university degree of education, having Crohn’s disease, and using anti-TNF drugs were significantly correlated with the high level COVID-19 fear (p<0.05). FCV-19S results were found to be negatively correlated with emotional role limitation, energy, and mental health subscores of SF-36 in patients with IBD (p<0.05).
Conclusion: This study showed that IBD patients had higher levels of fear and anxiety regarding COVID-19. Increased levels of fear and anxiety decreased quality of life specifically mentally. One should keep in mind that the probability of nonadherence to drugs in patients with IBD during the pandemic and psychiatric support should be provided if necessary.
Estimation of aggregate losses of secondary cancer cases using PH Panjer class (a,b,1) distributions,
Authors: Mwau Cynthia Mwende , Weke Patrick Guge , Ntwiga Bundi Davis , Ottieno Joseph  Makoteku
Published: January 2022

This research in-cooperates phase type distributions of Panjer class $(a,b,1)$ in estimation of aggregate loss probabilities of secondary cancer. Matrices of the phase type distributions are derived using Chapman-Kolmogorov equation and transition probabilities estimated using modified Kaplan-Meir and consequently the transition intensities and transition probabilities. Stationary probabilities of the Markov chains represents $\vec{\gamma}$. Claim amount are modeled using OPPL, TPPL, Pareto, Generalized Pareto and Wei-bull distributions. PH ZT Poisson with Generalized Pareto distribution provided the best fit.
Later Chronotype Correlates With Severe Depression in Indonesian College Students
Authors: Supit Alva , Gosal Merry , Mamuaja Prycilia , Kumaat Sicilia , Paturusi Achmad
Published: January 2022

Background and Objective The correlation between late chronotype and depression has been well documented, but reports from the equatorial area, where the sun shines throughout the year with less seasonal variation, are limited. In the present research study, we sought to 1) examine the relationship between the chronotype and mental health symptoms in an Indonesian student population and 2) explore the characteristics of those who lie at the extreme chronotype and psychometry.Methods This is a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study including undergraduate students in an Indonesian university (n = 493). We used the Munich Chronotype Questionnaires and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale to assess the chronotype and mental symptoms, respectively. Following this, a follow-up with an in-depth interview on the selected population at the extreme end of the chronotype was performed as an exploratory approach to identify their common characteristics.Results Among the tested parameters, the depression score was significantly associated with chronotype (p = 0.003), replicating previous findings from other areas with higher latitudes. The correlation persisted when males and females were analyzed separately (p = 0.008 and 0.037, respectively). A follow-up qualitative analysis revealed a potential subclinical, unrealized depression among the subjects; our findings revealed the use of smartphones during or before bedtime as a common factor among those with later chronotypes.Conclusions There is a correlation between depression score and chronotype among Indonesian college students, where subjects with later chronotype are more likely to have a higher depression score.
From PISA and TIMSS to YKS: Comparing International and National Exams within Educational Policy Context
Authors: USLU Barış
Published: January 2022

This paper aims to compare the results of international and national exams within educational policy context. As international exams, PISA tests and TIMSS exams were seletected to compare a national exam in Turkey. To the Turkish example of exams, Higher Education Institutions (YKS) was included in the comparison. Observing the age cohorts of exam participants, around 14 years old in PISA and TIMSS and roughly 18 years old in YKS, PISA and TIMSS score were compared with the scores of YKS exam in four years later. This comparison shows a highly divergent picture between international and national exam cases for Turkish participants. In general, while the students’ scores show an increase in international exams, their scores decreased in a national (YKS) exam. This result clearly shows the incompatibility between the structure of international and national exams. While PISA and TIMSS are mostly named “well-constructed tools” to measure higher level cognitive skills of students, one can say that YKS has a relatively classical structure. This sort of classical evaluation may indirectly influence the composition of whole education policy structure in Turkey, from in-class activeness of students to their main focus to learn (or memorise) basic knowledge, rather than generating their own knowledge. In this regard, it can be a good action to revise the entire education system starting from educational philosophy, educational goals/aims, student activities, and assessment tools to support students self-learning performance. It will be also important to design teacher education system to train next generation teachers who embrace “constructivist learning” approach.
Релікти апелятива *volja в сучасному українсько-польському ойконімному просторі
Authors: Редьква Ярослав
Published: January 2022

У статті простежена еволюція праслов’янського номенклатурного терміна ‒ апелятива *volja ‒, який зазнав у середньовіччі (початок XIII ст. ‒ XVII ст.) подальшої онімізації, позначаючи новий тип новостворених вільних від податків поселень у польській та українській ойконімії, зокрема: польські (Wola, Wolica, Wólka), українські (Воля, Волиця, Волька) та їхні похідні. Польські та українські ойконіми із компонентами Wola // Воля впродовж усієї історії свого побутування сформували однорідні структурні типи, які збереглися донині: однослівні ойконіми; словоскладання із пре- постпозитивним ад’єктивним компонентом і пре- постпозитивним компонентом -воля (-волиця); оніми-словосполучення: 1. Adj. + Subst. (Wola, Wolica, Wólka // Воля, Волиця, Волька); 2. Subst. (Wola, Wolica, Wólka // Воля, Волиця, Волька) + Adj. Зі значеннєвого погляду в цих ойконімах простежується тип вільного поселення разом із вказівкою на його власника чи засновника, на географічне місцерозташування, на локалізацію щодо суміжних поселень, тобто наголошено на диференціюючій та локалізуючій функції цього типу онімів. Встановлена кількість, прослідковано географічне поширення цих ойконімів у Польщі та в Україні від найдавніших фіксацій і до сьогодні. З’ясовано, що найбільша їхня кількість зосереджена на українсько-польському пограниччі: на сході Польщі (сучасне Люблінське, Підкарпатське воєводства) та заході України (сучасні Львівська, Волинська і Тернопільська області). Таким чином можна констатувати вплив культури середньовіччя на подальший розвиток мовної свідомості польського й українського народів у процесі формування ключових понять типу wola // воля та їхнього поширення в економічному, суспільно-політичному житті, що засвідчують ойконіми як обереги спільної національної культурної спадщини українсько-польського пограниччя.
President Václav Havel as an inspiration for Czech urbanonymy
Authors: David Jaroslav , Davidová Glogarová Jana
Published: January 2022

The goal of the text is to summarise and analyse commemorative strategies and trends that were used in case of the Czechoslovak and Czech president Václav Havel (1936–2011; 1989–2003, in office) and that were especially expressed through proper names, mostly street names. The research is primarily based on selected archival sources and opinion journalism of the day. The research issue is presented against the broad background of place names commemorating Czechoslovak and Czech presidents over the course of the 20th century.
Bałtyckie nazewnictwo Mazowsza
Authors: Bednarczuk Leszek
Published: January 2022

As one could expect, the greatest number of the Baltic hydronyms and toponyms are featured in the northeastern part of the Mazovia region in the area of the confluence of the entire Narew and lower Bug. These are mainly names of rivers (35), less numerous are place names (24). The majority of these names is motivated by names featured in the area of historical Prussia and Yatvingia. Moreover, some of them even have direct equivalents in that region; references to the Lithuanian language are less common. This enables us to surmise that the prehistorical Mazovia region was inhabited by West Baltic people, and the Slavic colonizers reached this area in the late prehistorical period.
Nazwy miejscowe jako artefakty instytucji prawno-społecznych monarchii wczesnopiastowskiej
Authors: Wójcik Urszula
Published: January 2022

Przedmiotem artykułu są nazwy miejscowe będące artefaktami wybranych instytucji prawno–społecznych monarchii piastowskiej. W opisywanych toponimach zostały utrwalone terminy związane z prawem książęcym. Odnosiło się ono do szerokich uprawnień monarchii patrymonialnej, obejmujących takie obszary jak władza sądownicza, administracyjna i gospodarka – pobieranie danin, świadczenie posług i korzystanie z regaliów. W polu zainteresowania znalazły nazwy miejscowe, które bezpośrednio były motywowane nazwami instytucji prawa książęcego. Część z nich została oddziedziczona z ustroju plemiennego i została tylko zaadaptowana na potrzeby monarchii patrymonialnej. W nazwach miejscowych Polski zostały utrwalone określenia archaicznych powinności, które później zostały zastąpione daninami o takiej samej nazwie. Poprawne objaśnienie tych onimów implikuje wykorzystanie wiedzy historycznej i odpowiedniej metodologii badawczej. Rozszerzenie językoznawczej perspektywy opisu o znajomość kontekstu historycznego i odtwarzanej konsytuacji nazewniczej umożliwia nową interpretację i wyjaśnia związki między formą, pierwotnym znaczeniem i funkcją opisywanych nazw własnych. Interesujące nas toponimy wraz osadami, które denotują są jedyną materialną pozostałością instytucji prawno-społecznych monarchii wczesnopiastowskiej
Omijanie odmiany imion i nazwisk, czyli nowy sposób unikania fleksji przez Kościół (na przykładzie parafii podkarpackich)
Authors: Kurek Halina
Published: January 2022

Przedmiotem artykułu jest pokazanie nowego, zmodyfikowanego sposobu unikania rodzimej fleksji przez Kościół rozumiany tu jako instytucja reprezentowana przez księży. Materiałową podstawę pracy stanowią imiona i nazwiska wyekscerpowane z intencji mszalnych i ogłoszeń parafialnych zamieszczanych w internecie od października 2020 r. do marca 2021 r. przez wybrane parafie podkarpackie. Umieszczanie intencji mszalnych na stronach internetowych parafii spowodowało, że błędy fleksyjne nabierały trwałego charakteru i łatwo mogły być wykazane. Aby się nie narazić na krytykę niepoprawności językowej, w tekstach ogłoszeń Kościół zdecydował się więc na zastosowanie wybiegu omijania odmiany imion i nazwisk. Analiza tekstów intencji mszalnych wykazała, że w Kościele gwałtownie szerzy się urzędniczy, praktyczny model odmiany preferujący nominatywizację imion i nazwisk i zestawianie ich w formie wykazów. Kostnienie, w postaci mianownikowej, imion i nazwisk zmarłych (poprzedzonych symbolem krzyża), w opozycji do czynnych fleksyjnie nazw własnych osób żyjących, powoduje, że w intencjach mszalnych unieruchomiona fleksyjnie forma imienia i nazwiska (nawet bez krzyża) zaczyna być traktowana jako językowy symbol osoby zmarłej.
Nazwy osobowe i wartości z perspektywy uniwersalnych mechanizmów percepcyjno-adaptacyjnych.: Uwagi o książce Izy Matusiak-Kempy „Nomen omen. Studium antroponimiczno-aksjologiczne”
Authors: Siwiec Adam
Published: January 2022

Tekst zawiera omówienie najważniejszych wątków problemowych występujących w recenzowanej książce oraz uwagi, jakie nasunęły się piszącemu po jej lekturze. Monografia autorstwa Izy Matusiak-Kempy jest rzetelnie wykonaną w perspektywie diachronicznej analizą aksjolingwistyczną ponad dwóch tysięcy odapelatywnych nazwisk Polaków, które mogą być odczytywane w kontekście procesów wartościowania. Analiza materiału prowadzi do wskazania sposobów konceptualizacji ludzkich właściwości fizycznych lub psychicznych, związanych z odpowiednimi wartościami, traktowanych jako pożądane lub niepożądane z perspektywy zdeterminowanych biologicznie i kulturowo potrzeb społecznych, które można łączyć z potoczną wiedzą o świecie, pragmatycznym i adaptacyjnym podejściem do rzeczywistości, wreszcie: z uniwersalnymi mechanizmami percepcyjnymi i nominacyjnymi. Wielką zaletą książki jest jej interdyscyplinarność, osadzenie rozważań nad antroponimią w procedurach badawczych, opartych na dialogu zorientowanego na system pojęciowy i język wartości opisu lingwistycznego z ustaleniami innych i dość odległych od tradycyjnie uprawianej onomastyki dyscyplin naukowych (socjobiologia, psychologia ewolucyjna, społeczna i kognitywna, antropologia itd.). Jest to bardzo dobry przykład zrealizowanej w praktyce postępowania badawczego na gruncie onomastyki (i szerzej lingwistyki) idei konsiliencji zgłaszanej przez Edwarda O. Wilsona, czyli jedności wiedzy opartej na integracji nauk humanistycznych, społecznych i biologicznych. Konkluzją omówienia jest pozytywna ocena publikacji.
Terminologiczne osobliwości wśród metanazw onomastycznych w obszarze francuskim, angielskim i włoskim
Authors: Gałkowski Artur
Published: January 2022

W artykule dokonano przeglądu osobliwości terminologicznych wśród metanazw onomastycznych („nazw nazw własnych”), które zostały zaproponowane przez onomastów oraz innych badaczy języka i zostały odrzucone lub przyjęte jako terminy nazewnicze w dyskursie naukowym. Analiza rozpoczyna się od omówienia zastosowania modelu analitycznego w procesie ustalania kluczowych haseł terminologii onomastycznej, formułowanych od lat 60. ubiegłego wieku w obszarze słowiańskim i międzynarodowym. Historyczny model analityczny polegał na tworzeniu terminów deskryptywnych według koncepcji czeskiego onomasty Jana Swobody, zaadaptowanej do onomastyki polskiej przez Mieczysława Karasia. Formuła opisowa terminów onomastycznych jest stosowana w badaniach onomastycznych prowadzonych obecnie w Europie Zachodniej. Równocześnie rozwinęła się tendencja do tworzenia terminów konstruowanych w sposób syntetyczny na podstawie złożeń elementów z języków klasycznych (forma nagłosowa pochodzenia greckiego lub łacińskiego + wygłosowe onym/-yme/-im). Omówiono propozycje tego rodzaju terminów w trzech obszarach językowych: francuskim, angielskim i włoskim, korzystając z wybranych źródeł leksykograficznych (m.in. H. Dorion & J. Poirier 1975, Lexique des termes utiles à l'étude des noms de lieux; A. Room 1996, An Alphabetical Guide to the Language of Names Studies) oraz opracowań Enzo Caffarellego i innych autorów włoskojęzycznych z lat 1990–2000. Jednostki terminologiczne oraz ich definicje zostały rozpatrzone pod kątem ich motywacji onomazjologicznej skonfrontowanej z perspektywą semazjologiczną.
Próba usystematyzowania polskiej terminologii kosmonomastycznej
Authors: Waniakowa Jadwiga
Published: January 2022

Celem artykułu jest próba usystematyzowania polskiej terminologii kosmononastycznej. Zaproponowano rozdział między kosmonomastyką, jako działem onomastyki zajmującym się nazwami obiektów kosmicznych, a chrematonomastyką astronomiczną, jako działem chrematonomastyki, dotyczącym nazw własnych wytworów człowieka, które służą do badań kosmosu. Dokonano również analizy istniejącej już terminologii pod kątem jej zgodności z zasadami tworzenia terminów, uściślono pewne terminy oraz zaproponowano szereg nowych. Przyjęto przy tym, że terminy kosmonomastyczne powinny być pochodzenia obcego, podobnie jak terminy astronomiczne, które są ich podstawą. W ten sposób wskazano wytyczne do ewentualnego tworzenia przyszłych terminów kosmonomastycznych.
QUALIDADE DE VIDA DE PACIENTES ACOMETIDOS DE DERMATOSES
Authors: Oliveira Felipe Fernandes , Trindade Luciana Cavalcante , Ribeiro Natália Gontijo , Farias Stephany Pessoa , Nascimento Kamila Paschoal Magno do
Published: January 2022

O impacto psicológico gerado por uma dermatose deve ser cuidadosamente avaliado pois poderá influenciar na evolução da doença e na resposta terapêutica. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo objetiva avaliar a qualidade de vida de pacientes com diferentes dermatoses. Trata-se de um estudo transversal cuja população foram pacientes que, no período de novembro/18 a março/19, buscaram atendimento dermatológico em uma clínica-escola localizada em João Pessoa/PB, utilizando-se como instrumento o Índice de Qualidade de Vida em Dermatologia – DLQI. A associação entre variáveis qualitativas foi avaliada pelo teste de Qui-quadrado; para variáveis quantitativas foram utilizados testes não paramétricos. Para se comparar grupos de doenças foi utilizado o teste de Kruskal-Wallis, seguido do teste de comparações múltiplas de Dunn. Para se comparar as variáveis com relação ao sexo foi utilizado o teste U de Mann-Whitney. Todos aspectos éticos foram respeitados. Avaliaram-se 165 pacientes. A população foi composta majoritariamente por mulheres (70,3%), com média de idade 35,25±15,7 anos. O tempo médio de doença foi de 3,6 ± 4,0 anos. As dermatoses mais prevalentes foram acne (24,2%), micoses (13,3%), tricoses (12,7%), melasma (7,9%), tumores cutâneos (6,1%). A mediana do DLQI total 6,0 (0-27,0) e média do escore geral foi de 7,62 ± 6,15, mostrando efeito moderado das dermatoses na qualidade de vida. A acne foi a dermatose que levou à pior qualidade de vida. O estudo alerta para uma avaliação abrangente do paciente que permita compreender melhor o quanto e de que forma a doença dermatológica pode prejudicar sua qualidade de vida e saúde mental.
Health impact assessment by ingestion of polluted soil/sediment
Authors: Tomašek Ines , Mileusnić Marta , Leboš Pavunc Andreja
Published: January 2022

Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) pose a threat to human health as they can easily enter human body via ingestion of polluted soil/sediment. In order to estimate bioavailability and access health impact on people, measurement of the oral bioaccessibility of a contaminant is crucial. Various laboratory based in vitro tests which mimic human gastrointestinal tract conditions can be used. In order to set up the method for analysing bioaccessibility of contaminants in soil samples in Laboratory for the analysis of geological materials at Department of Mineralogy, Petrology and Mineral resources (Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering, University of Zagreb - RGNF), with regards to the available equipment, an orientation survey was carried out in collaboration with the Department of Biochemical Engineering (Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb - PBF). The digestion of two different samples in synthetic fluids (gastric and intestinal fluid) was performed simultaneously at RGNF laboratory and PBF laboratory under different extraction conditions according to each laboratory’s ability. Prior to analysis of bioaccessibility, detailed mineralogical and chemical characterization of samples was performed. The comparison of two experiments showed that there is a relatively good correlation between concentrations obtained after digestion of samples in different labs, under different conditions. As a result of this study, an efficient and relatively inexpensive method for determining the bioaccessibility was set up at Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering, which makes this kind of tests more accessible and enables new approach in risk assessment studies.
Capabilities of ultrasound scanning of head and neck vessels
Authors: Andreeva I. V. , Kalina N. V. , Grigoriev A. S.
Published: January 2022

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The role of MRI in assessing the effectiveness of cerebral cavernous malformations stereotaxic radiosurgical treatment
Authors: Girya E. N. , Evdokimova O. L. , Kochakova A. A. , Rak V. A. , Rozhnova E. N.
Published: January 2022

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Using LSTM Neural Networks for Onsite Earthquake Early Warning
Authors: Wang Chia-Yu , Huang Ting-Chung , Wu Yih-Min
Published: January 2022

Onsite earthquake early warning (EEW) systems determine possible destructive S waves solely from initial P waves and issue alarms before heavy shaking begins. Onsite EEW plays a crucial role in filling in the blank of the blind zone near the epicenter, which often suffers the most from disastrous ground shaking. Previous studies suggest that the peak P-wave displacement amplitude (Pd) may serve as a possible indicator of destructive earthquakes. However, the attempt to use a single indicator with fixed thresholds suffers from inevitable errors because the diversity in travel paths and site effects for different stations introduces complex nonlinearities. In addition, the short warning time poses a threat to the validity of EEW. To conquer the aforementioned problems, this study presents a deep learning approach employing long short-term memory (LSTM) neural networks, which can produce a highly nonlinear neural network and derive an alert probability at every time step. The proposed LSTM neural network is then tested with two major earthquake events and one moderate earthquake event that occurred recently in Taiwan, yielding the results of a missed alarm rate of 0% and a false alarm rate of 2.01%. This study demonstrates promising outcomes in both missed alarms and false alarms reduction. Moreover, the proposed model provides an adequate warning time for emergency response.
Reply to “Comment on ‘High-Definition Mapping of the Gutenberg–Richter b-Value and Its Relevance: A Case Study in Italy’ by M. Taroni, J. Zhuang, and W. Marzocchi” by Laura Gulia, Paolo Gasperini, and Stefan Wiemer
Authors: Taroni Matteo , Zhuang Jiancang , Marzocchi Warner
Published: January 2022

Taroni et al. (2021; hereafter TZM21) proposed a method to perform a spatial b-value mapping based on the weighted-likelihood estimation and applied this method to the Italian region as a tutorial example. In the accompanying comment, Gulia et al. (2021; hereafter GGW21) did not challenge the TZM21’s method, but they argued that the catalog used by TZM21 is contaminated by quarry blasts, introducing a bias that may impact any seismotectonic or hazard interpretations. Although in TZM21 the application to the Italian territory was only a tutorial example and we purposely did not make any thorough discussion on the meaning of the results in terms of seismotectonic or seismic hazards (that would have required many more analyses), we acknowledge the potential role of the quarry blasts, and we add some further analysis here. We thank GGW21 for giving us this opportunity. Here, removing the part of the catalog contaminated by quarry blasts and applying the same analysis as in TZM21, we obtain results that are very similar to the ones reported in TZM21; specifically, only one region that is characterized by low natural seismicity rate shows a marked effect of the quarry blasts on the b-value.
Dampak pandemi coronavirus disease 2019 terhadap kualitas publikasi ilmiah
Authors: Yenny Yenny
Published: January 2022

Dunia medis belakangan ini digemparkan dengan dilaporkan adanya temuan kasus pneumonia tipe baru di kota Wuhan, Provinsi Hubei, Cina pada akhir Desember 2019.(1)Belakangan diketahui bahwapenyakit pneumonia tersebut disebabkanoleh patogen varian baru coronavirus yang disebut sebagai  2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)/severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) yang selanjutnya dikenal sebagai coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)dan oleh the World Health Organization dinyatakan sebagai pandemi global pada tanggal 11 Maret 2020.(2)Semenjak itupara ilmuan mulai memfokuskan penelitian yang dilakukan pada topikyang berkaitan dengan COVID-19. Kondisi ini juga membawa dampak terdapatnya peningkatan volume publikasi artikel tentang COVID-19 yang sangat mencolok di mana dalam 6 bulan sejak terjadinya pandemi jumlah publikasi  berbentuk riset, letters, reviews, notes, dan editorial yang berhubungan dengan COVID-19 dilaporkan berjumlah lebih dari 23.500 artikel.(3)
Berat badan lahir dan kejadian hipoglikemia pada neonatus
Authors: Melinda Raisha Ochi , Wartono Magdalena
Published: January 2022

LATAR BELAKANGSalah satu penyebab kematian bayi baru lahir adalah kadar gula darah rendah (hipoglikemia) karena dapat menyebabkan kerusakan pada berbagai organ seperti otak. Neonatus dengan berat badan lahir (BBL) ≥3800g atau <2500 g sering mengalami hipoglikemia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan hubungan antara berat badan lahir dengan hipoglikemia pada bayi baru lahir.
METODEPenelitian menggunakan desain cross sectional. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh kelahiran di RSAL dr. Mintohardjo periode Januari-Juli 2019 sebanyak 71 bayi. Sampel dipilih secara consecutive non-random sampling. Data kadar gula darah dan berat badan lahir bayi diambil dari rekam medis. Hubungan kedua variabel diuji dengan uji Chi-square dengan tingkat kemaknaan p<0.005.
HASILPenelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 16 bayi (22.5%) memiliki BBL rendah, 41 bayi (57.7%) memiliki BBL normal dan 14 bayi (19.7%) memiliki BBL lebih. Pada penelitian ini bayi yang mengalami hipoglikemia sebanyak 32 bayi (45.1%). Responden dengan berat badan lahir rendah dan mengalami hipoglikemia sebanyak 14 bayi (87.5%). Sedangkan responden dengan berat badan lahir normal dan mengalami hipoglikemia sebanyak 8 bayi (19.5%). Responden dengan berat badan lahir lebih dan mengalami hipoglikemia sebanyak 10 bayi (71.4). Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan nilai p=0.000.
KESIMPULANTerdapat hubungan antara berat badan lahir bayi dan kejadian hipoglikemia pada bayi baru lahir.
Letter to a Young Scientist
Authors: Roberts David
Published: January 2022

No abstract available.
TASARRUF FİNANSMAN SİSTEMİ İÇİN MURABAHAYA DAYALI BİR MODEL ÖNERİSİ
Authors: Bükey Mehmet , Türkan Yavuz
Published: January 2022

Bu çalışmada, tasarruf finansman şirketlerinin uyguladığı modellere yapılan eleştiriler değerlendirilmiştir. Eksik görülen hususları çözüme kavuşturmak amacıyla İslami finans ilkelerine uygun ve murabahaya dayalı yeni bir model önerilmiştir. Önerilen model, tahsis sırası nedeniyle katılımcılar arasında fiyat artışından kaynaklanan adaletsizliği gidermeye yöneliktir. Çalışmada, katılımcıların konut finansmanına ihtiyaç duyduğu varsayılarak örnek ödeme planları çıkarılmıştır. Model, aynı zamanda taşıt ve çatılı işyeri finansmanında da kullanılabilmektedir. Modelde ihtiyaç duyulan finansman, katılımcının tercihine göre iki farklı yöntemle sağlanmaktadır. Finansman, ya konut fiyatına konut fiyat artışları dâhil edilerek konutun güncel fiyatı üzerinden ya da katılımcının almak istediği farklı bir konutun fiyatı üzerinden sağlanmaktadır. Önerilen modelde katılımcı, diğer katılımcılar ile birlikte satın alarak tahsisini yaptığı konutların satışından kâr elde etmektedir. Elde ettiği kâr kadar alacağı konutun maliyeti düşmektedir. Netice itibariyle önerilen modelde katılımcılara konutun güncel fiyatı üzerinden finansman sağlanmaktadır. Hiçbir katılımcı, konut fiyat artışları nedeniyle ek finansman arayışı içine girmemektedir. Katılımcılar, diğer tasarruf finansman modellerine göre daha az maliyetle konut sahibi olabilmektedir.
COĞRAFİ VE JEOPOLİTİK AÇIDAN GOLAN TEPELERİ
Authors: Çınar Murat
Published: January 2022

Golan Tepeleri, tarih boyunca Ortadoğu ile Akdeniz arasında önemli geçiş noktalarından birisi olmuştur. Bölge, sahip olduğu kaynaklar ve konumu itibariyle stratejik öneme sahiptir. İsrail, 1967’den önce Golan Tepeleri’nden Suriye ordusu tarafından yapılan saldırılara maruz kalmaktaydı. Golan’ın, İsrail’in önemli şehirlerine yakınlığı ciddi bir risk oluşturmaktaydı. Golan Tepeleri, 1967 yılında Altı Gün Savaşı sırasında İsrail ordusu tarafından işgal edilmiştir. İsrail Meclisi 1981 yılında Golan’ı ilhak etme kararı almıştır. Uluslararası kamuoyu ve BM tarafından mevcut durum işgal olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bölgenin, jeostratejik konumunun yanında zengin su kaynaklarına da sahip olması İsrail'e önemli avantajlar sağlamaktadır. Golan Tepeleri’ni kontrolü altında tutan İsrail önemli bir askeri üstünlüğe sahiptir. Ayrıca Golan Tepeleri, Yahudilerin dini açıdan kutsal saydığı bir bölgedir. Araştırma betimsel tarama modelinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada, İsrail-Arap Savaşları’nın yaşandığı önemli cephelerden birisi olan Golan Tepeleri’nin coğrafyası incelenmiş ve jeopolitiği hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir. Çalışmada; Golan Tepeleri’nin sahip olduğu coğrafi özellikler çerçevesinde stratejik önemini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Türkiye’de, Golan Tepeleri hakkında yapılan çalışma sayısı çok azdır. Bu çalışma ile ayrıca bölge hakkında yapılacak çalışmalara ve literatüre katkıda bulunmak amaçlanmıştır.
İŞLETMELERİN BİLGİ VE İLETİŞİM TEKNOLOJİSİ DÜZEYİNİN VERİMLİLİĞE ETKİSİ: İŞLETME GRUBUNA BAĞLI OLMA VE ULUSLARARASILAŞMANIN ROLÜ
Authors: Kayacı Ayşe
Published: January 2022

Bu çalışmada bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri düzeyinin işletme verimliliği üzerindeki olumlu etkisi bilgi temelli yaklaşım perspektifi ile araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca işletme grubuna bağlı olan ve uluslararasılaşma düzeyi daha yüksek olan işletmelerde bu olumlu ilişkinin daha yüksek düzeyde gerçekleşip gerçekleşmediği belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırmada World Bank Enterprise Survey veri tabanında yer alan ve 2015 yılında Türkiye’de gerçekleştirilen anket verilerine yer verilmiştir. Araştırma hipotezleri en küçük kareler yöntemi ile regresyon analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Yapılan regresyon analizleri sonucunda beklenenin tersine işletmelerin bilgi ve iletişim teknolojisi düzeyi ile verimlilikleri arasında anlamlı ve negatif bir ilişki olduğu görülmüştür. İşletme grubuna bağlı olma ve uluslararasılaşma düzeyi değişkenlerinin beklenen yönde düzenleyici etkisi tespit edilememiştir. Öte yandan işletme grubuna bağlı işletmelerde bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri ile verimlilik arasındaki olumsuz ilişki daha kuvvetlidir. Bu araştırma benzer araştırmalardan farklı olarak Türkiye genelinde oldukça geniş bir veri tabanından elde edilen veriler ışığında, ilgili yazında öngörülen bilişim teknolojilerinin işletme verimliliğine olumlu etkisinin her ülke bağlamında geçerli olacağı varsayımının mümkün olmadığını göstermektedir.
DOĞU AKDENİZ’DE BULUNAN DOĞALGAZ REZERVLERİNİN BÖLGESEL ENERJİ POLİTİKALARINA VE REKABETE ETKİSİ
Authors: Yaşa A. Gökhan , Yılmaz Mutlu
Published: January 2022

Çalışma Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi özelinde bulunan enerji kaynaklarını bölgesel enerji politikaları bağlamında incelemektedir. Doğalgaz zaten önemli bir enerji kaynağı olmakla birlikte her geçen gün dünyamızda önemini gittikçe arttırmaktadır. Son dönemde yaşanan gelişmelerle birlikte Türkiye için de doğalgazın önemi artmıştır. Bu durum kendisini yeni bölgesel gelişmeler ile göstermiş olup özellikle Doğu Akdeniz bölgesinde hissedilmiştir. Bu kapsamda bir enerji kaynağı olarak doğalgazın dünyadaki rezerv durumu ele alınmış bununla birlikte dünyadaki üretimi, ithalatı, ihracatı gibi verilerle birlikte de yorumlanmıştır. Daha sonra ise Doğu Akdeniz konusu irdelenmiş bu kapsamda şu ana kadar gerçekleşmiş tarihsel gelişmeler ele alınmıştır. Tarihsel gelişmeler ışığında Doğu Akdeniz’de oluşan enerji rekabeti de analiz edilmiştir. Özellikle bölge ülkelerinin bu sahaya olan ilgisi ve ihtiyaçları da değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Bununla birlikte özellikle Türkiye ve Yunanistan arasında olan diğer kronik sorunların söz konusu enerji rekabetine yansımaları da değerlendirilmiştir. Son olarak ise bölgedeki potansiyel gazın nasıl kullanılabileceği ile ilgili çıkarımlar yapılmıştır. Bu potansiyelin doğru şekilde değerlendirilmesi bölgesel refahı, istikrarı arttıracak barış ortamını koruyacaktır.
FRANSA’DA JANSENİZMİN GELİŞİMİ VE SONU
Authors: Şahin Osman , Oymak İskender
Published: January 2022

Jansenizm, Hıristiyanlıkta ihsan doktrini ile ilgili birtakım tartışmalar etrafında gelişen ve özellikle Fransa’da etkili olan bir akımdır. İsmini Aziz Augustin’i yeniden yorumlayarak “Augustinus” isminde yeni bir eserle konuyu gündeme taşıyan Cornelius Jansen’den almıştır. Augustinus adlı eserinde Jansen, Aziz Augustin’in Pelagianizm’e karşı yürüttüğü tartışmaları, ilk günahı ve cennetten kovuluşu ele almış, kendi zamanında ortaya çıkan “yeni bir eğilim” şeklinde ifade ettiği Molinizm’i ve onu takip eden Cizvitleri, Semi-Pelagian olmakla itham etmiştir. Molina özelinde Cizvitler, Luther ve Calvin gibi Reform liderlerinin aşırı kaderci Augustinci kurtuluş teolojisine karşı çıkmış ve insanın özgür iradesini ön plana çıkaran hümanist bir teolojiyi benimsemiştir. Bu sebeple Jansen ve onun takipçileri, insanın iradesini Tanrı’nın iradesinin önüne geçirmekle eleştirilmişlerdir. Katolik Kilisesi içinde ortaya çıkan “kurtuluş doktrininde insanın ve Tanrı’nın rolü” ile ilgili bu teolojik tartışmalar, Jansenizm ekseninde özellikle Fransa’da yıllar boyunca gündemi meşgul etmiştir. Bu çekişmeler sadece teolojik alanla sınırlı kalmamış, 1879 Devrimi’ne giden süreçte siyasi arenada da yankıları olmuştur. Bu çalışma Jansenizm’in ortaya çıkışını, Fransa’da konu ile ilgili gelişen olay ve tartışmaları ve devrime doğru giden süreçte gündemden düşüşünü ortaya koymaktadır.
A Systematic Review of Research Syntheses for Students with Mathematics Learning Disabilities and Difficulties
Authors: Nelson Gena , Crawford Angela , Hunt Jessica
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this document is to provide readers with the coding protocol that authors used to code 36 research syntheses (including meta-analyses, evidence-based reviews, and quantitative systematic reviews) focused on mathematics interventions for students with learning disabilities (LD), mathematics learning disabilities (MLD), and mathematics difficulties (MD). The purpose of the systematic review of mathematics intervention syntheses was to identify patterns and gaps in content areas, instructional strategies, effect sizes, and definitions of LD, MLD, and MD. We searched the literature for research syntheses published between 2000 and 2020 and used rigorous inclusion criteria in our literature review process. We evaluated 36 syntheses that included 836 studies with 32,495 participants. We coded each synthesis for variables across seven categories including: publication codes (authors, year, journal), inclusion and exclusion criteria, content area focus, instructional strategy focus, sample size, methodological information, and results. The mean interrater reliability across all codes using this coding protocol was 90.3%. Although each synthesis stated a focus on LD, MLD, or MD, very few students with LD or MLD were included, and authors’ operational definitions of disability and risk varied. Syntheses predominantly focused on word problem solving, fractions, computer- assisted learning, and schema-based instruction. Syntheses reported wide variation in effectiveness, content areas, and instructional strategies. Finally, our results indicate the majority of syntheses report achievement outcomes, but very few syntheses report on other outcomes (e.g., social validity, strategy use). We discuss how the results of this comprehensive review can guide researchers in expanding the knowledge base on mathematics interventions.

The systematic review that results from this coding process is accepted for publication and in press at Learning Disabilities Research and Practice.
Study of fasting & PP C- peptide & its correlation with HbA1c in T2 Diabetes mellitus in population of Uttarakhand
Authors: Ahsan Farah , Qureshi Naeem , Samreen Sumera , Kukreti Sonali
Published: January 2022

We aimed to provide correlation of Fasting & PP C-peptide with HbA1C in patients of T2 Diabetes Mellitus.

: 50 patients admitted in IPD of Medicine department in Shri Mahant Indresh Hospital from April-August 2021. Serum samples taken for fasting & PP C-peptide and HbA1C for patients of T2 Diabetes Mellitus and run on VITROS 5600/7600 which is based on dry chemistry.

: We took 50 patients who were T2DM then we did fasting C peptide & PP C-peptide and HbA1c. Out of 50, 15 were females &35 were males. Out of 50, 45 patients had raised HbA1C maximum around 8-10.

Mean & SD for fasting C-Peptide for males was 1.346±1.070 & for females 2.442±2.57.

Mean & SD for Post prandiol C-Peptide for males was 4.208±5.020 & for females 2.993±2.130.

It was significant for fasting C- Peptide with P value 0.0371 and non significant for PP C peptide with p value 0.3731.

: Insulin secretion estimated by measurement of Fasting C-Peptide was either normal or raised in newly diagnosed T2DM subjects in my study indicating predominant role of insulin resistence in the etiology. Further research can explore the exact contribution of insulin resistence and insulin secretory defects in this area.
Association of glycated haemoglobin and serum ferritin levels in type 2 diabetics of rural population
Authors: Sadashiv Jankar Jayshri
Published: January 2022

Serum ferritin, an acute phase reactant, is an indicator of the body's iron reserves. Increased body iron reserves and subclinical hemochromatosis have been linked to the development of hyperglycaemia, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and potentially diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, and vascular dysfunction, according to recent research. The objective of this study was to see if there was a link between Serum Ferritin and Type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome, as well as to see if there was a link between S. ferritin and HbA1c.

The present study included 50 diagnosed cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus (males: 32, females: 18) and 50 healthy controls of same age (males: 28, females: 22). Serum ferritin levels, glycated hemoglobin were measured and compared.

: When diabetic patients were compared to controls, serum ferritin was considerably greater, and serum ferritin had a positive correlation with the duration of diabetes and glycated hemoglobin.

Positive correlation was found between serum ferritin levels and glycated hemoglobin and duration of disease.
Approach to an adult with an episode of seizure
Authors: K P Divya , Cherian Ajith
Published: January 2022

A patient with known epilepsy who has had a single, habitual seizure and whose mental status has returned to baseline need not be transported to the emergency department (ED) unless other injuries require so, whereas a patient with no history of epilepsy who has returned to baseline following a seizure should be evaluated. The evaluation should include basic biochemical parameters, toxicology screening and a brain imaging. One should investigate circumstances that may have precipitated a seizure, such as alcohol withdrawal, stimulant use, or head injury. Risk of recurrence of seizures is more likely in those with a history of significant brain injury or infection. If the patient has a normal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and electroencephalograph (EEG), the likelihood of a second seizure is approximately 1 in 3; if either test result is abnormal, the chances are approximately 1 in 2; if both are abnormal, the probability rises to 2 in 3. Computed tomography (CT) scan head is very useful in the evaluation of first seizure in infants less than six months of age. The clinical characteristics predictive of an abnormal CT scan for patients presenting with seizures were age less than 6 months or age greater than 65 years, history of cysticercosis, altered mentation, closed head injury, recent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt revision, malignancy, neurocutaneous disorder and seizures with focal onset or duration longer than 15 minutes. MRI has been shown to be superior to CT for the detection of cerebral lesions associated with epilepsy.
Observational retrospective study of subaxial cervical spine trauma at tertiary care centre
Authors: Venkati Gajbhare Sunil , Satpaty Ayushman , Pandey Nityanand , Prasad Ravi Shankar
Published: January 2022

The aim of this study is to compare between various treatment modalities available for treatment of subaxial cervical spine injuries due to trauma

A total of 172 patients of subaxial cervical spine injuries were assessed retrospectively about their mode of injury, clinical course, definitive treatment given and its outcome. As the study was Descriptive and retrospective in nature involving only patient case files, statistical test is not applied to the study

In our study 44 patients suffered from vertebral body fracture while 108 patients had spinal canal compromise due to other injuries. 16 patients had quadriplegia, 24 patients had grade 4 power in upper and lower extremities, and roots were involved in 46 patients. In 44 patients complete corpectomy was performed with placement of tricorticate graft taken from fibula, this graft was fixed in place with titanium plate and four screws.

From this study it can be concluded that Patients treated with anterior approach had better outcome in relation to the fixation and fusion of the spine, reconstruction is more better in anterior approach.
Chrono-pharmaceutical approaches to optimize dosing regimens based on the circadian clock machinery
Authors: Shaikh Shoheb S , Kokate Sachin M
Published: January 2022

Daily rhythmic variations in biological functions affect the efficacy and/or toxicity of drugs: a large number of drugs cannot be expected to exhibit the same potency at different administration times. The “circadian clock” is an endogenous timing system that broadly regulates metabolism, physiology and behavior. In mammals, this clock governs the oscillatory expression of the majority of genes with a period length of approximately 24 h. Genetic studies have revealed that molecular components of the circadian clock regulate the expression of genes responsible for the sensitivity to drugs and their disposition. The circadian control of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics enables ‘chrono-pharmaceutical’ applications, namely drug administration at appropriate times of day to optimize the therapeutic index (efficacy vs. toxicity). On the other hand, a variety of pathological conditions also exhibit marked day-night changes in symptom intensity. Currently, novel therapeutic approaches are facilitated by the development of chemical compound targeted to key proteins that cause circadian exacerbation of disease events. This review presents an overview of the current understanding of the role of the circadian biological clock in regulating drug efficacy and disease conditions, and also describes the importance of identifying the difference in the circadian machinery between diurnal and nocturnal animals to select the most appropriate times of day to administer drugs in humans.
An online knowledge-attitude-practice survey in the community about diabetes mellitus in India
Authors: Chakraverty Raja , Samanta Kalyan , Bandyopadhyay Jyotirmoy , Sarkar Chandrima
Published: January 2022

To address the reasons for it is important to understand the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of all pertinent stakeholders. This multicentrrising burden of Diabetes mellitus in India this survey is aimed at understanding the KAP quotients of the community regarding knowledge of laypersons regarding diabetes mellitus as this is lacking in Indian studies.

 A cross-sectional survey was conducted through online mode in India using a validated, field-tested questionnaire incorporating KAP domain questions regarding Diabetes mellitus (DM). Scores to questions were appropriately assigned.

 The mean (SD) age of the respondents was 35.2 (12.61) y and 62% had a graduate or higher level of education. The median (IQR) KAP scores were 10 (8-12), 5 (3-5) and 2 (2-3) out of a maximum of 18, 5 and 6, respectively. Higher educational and socioeconomic levels were associated with better attitude scores, but knowledge levels were comparable. Correlations between KAP scores were poor.

 This study reveals that laypeople have appropriate knowledge and attitude regarding diabetes mellitus to some degree but there are important lacunae and practices are often found wanting. These issues need to be addressed in sustained public sensitization and motivational campaigns to improve the future and treatment outcomes of Diabetes mellitus in India.
Retrospective, observational study to see the effect of evogliptin on continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in T2DM Indian patients: A real-world experience
Authors: Trailokya Abhijit , Erande Suhas , Aiwale Amol
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to assess effectiveness of Evogliptin 5 mg through continues glucose monitoring (CGM) in patients with T2DM in retrospective observational real world settings.

Overall 6 patients who received Evogliptin as routine clinical practice in management of T2DM were analyzed retrospectively from single center. Data collected from past medical records. FreeStyle Librepro 1.0.6 was used for CGM. CGM was done 15 days prior to adding Evogliptin and repeated immediately after that for next 15 days. Mean BG level, Percentage time in target range (80-140mg/dl), Percentage time above target and Percentage time below target were assessed prior and after adding Evogliptin in existing treatment regimen.

Significant reduction in Mean blood glucose level seen after adding Evogliptin in existing treatment regimen from 215 mg/dl to 138 mg/dl (-77 mg/dl P=0.006). Significant improvement seen in Percentage time in target range (80-140mg/dl) from 17% to 44% (27% P value 0.007) and in Percentage time above target from 81% to 43% (- 38%, P valve 0.003). 13.5 % of the patients seen below target.

Evogliptin was found to be effective when added to the patients who were uncontrolled on other oral anti-diabetic medications. It effectively showed improvement in continues glucose monitoring (CGM) parameters like Mean blood glucose, more number of patients were in Time in Target range i.e (80-140mg/dl) after adding Evogliptin to existing anti-diabetic medications & well tolerated.

Small sample size and retrospective study
Research conducted on gestating women globally during trials
Authors: Chaudhry Sunil , Sovani Vishwas
Published: January 2022

The aim of clinical research is to impart knowledge that will improve human health or improve understanding of human physiology. Although, till the end of 20 century pregnancy was always under exclusion criteria, now pervasive exclusion of pregnant women in clinical trials is currently not justified. Pregnancy brings in an array of anatomical, physiological and biochemical changes that can impact the pharmacokinetics of important medications. Pregnancy is often accompanied by chronic diseases like diabetes, hypertension, tuberculosis, HIV, depression which can require long term therapy. This indicates a need for studies being conducted exclusively in pregnant women. Current communication narrates ethical and regulatory aspects of inclusion of pregnant women in clinical trials.
Real Exchange Rates and Primary Commodity Prices: Mussa Meets Backus-Smith
Authors: Ayres João , Hevia Constantino , Nicolini Juan Pablo
Published: January 2022

We show that explicitly modeling primary commodities in an otherwise totally standard incomplete markets open economy model can go a long way in explaining the Mussa puzzle and the Backus-Smith puzzle, two of the main puzzles in the international economics literature.
Noticias del BID: Vol. 8, no. 1, marzo 1981
Authors:   Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo
Published: January 2022

Noticias del BID, publicación mensual que tiene por objetivo informar acerca de las actividades del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo.