bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stevia Local Tawangmangu Generation M1 Result of Oryzalin Treatment
Authors: Susanti Dian , Parjanto Parjanto , Haryanti Sari
Published: June 2024

Stevia rebaudiana Bert. (Stevia) is used in the commercial and health industries because of its steviol glycosides (stevioside, re­baudioside A, rebaudioside C) and flavonoids. Polyploidy induction of stevia plants using oryzalin was held to increase the diversity and produce superior varieties. This research aims to obtain stevia diver­sity with different characteristics from its diploid. The Tawangman­gu variety of stevia seedlings was experimentally designed using a completely random design. Nine combinations of oryzalin concentra­tions (1.5, 2.5, and 3.5μM) and immersion times (4, 6, and 8 hours) treatments were applied to 15 stevia seedlings each. Stevia without treatment was used as a control. Treatments were applied directly to the shoots on the second internode from the tip. Observations on tar­get shoots included the number of survivors, morphological variables (height, number of internodes, internode length, leaf size, leaf thick­ness, stem diameter, and leaf color), stomata, and plant ploidy level. Data analysis on the number of live plants used frequency and de­scriptively. Morphological data consisting of plant height, number of shoots, number of internodes, internode length, leaf length, leaf width, leaf thickness, and stem diameter were analyzed using boxplot graphs and descriptive to describe the diversity of M1 stevia treatment re­sults. Leaf color and stomata were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that up to 3.5μM concentrations of oryzalin and 6 hours of immersion time were safe to use as a mutation agent with above 67% survival rate. Various oryzalin treatments of Tawangmangu stevia va­rieties yielded polyploidy morphological growth indications in height, number of internodes, internode length, stem diameter, leaf size, leaf thickness, leaf color, stomata, and stem diameter. In addition, there are growth variations such as chimeras, rosettes, and leaf splitting. However, further flow cytometry tests showed that oryzalin concen­tration and immersion duration directly on the vegetative material did not produce polyploid stevia individuals.
In Silico Studies of Bioactive Compounds from Pseudomonas azotoformans UICC B-91 in Inhibiting Candida albicans
Authors: Pratiwi Rina Hidayati , Sulistyaniningsih Endang , Jepri Jumadi
Published: June 2024

Futoamide, Gentialutine, Gentiabetine, 1-[(2E,4E)-2,4-dec- adienoyl] pyrrolidine, Lycopodine, Dihydro-lycopodine are bioactive compounds that can be obtained Pseudomonas azotoformans UICC B-91. Previous research results indicate that P. azotoformans extract- ed with dichloromethane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate have antican- didal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231. C. albicans is considered to become an opportunistic pathogen and well-known as the main cause of candidiasis. This study aims to determine the mech- anism of inhibition of bioactive compounds from P. azotoformans UICC B-91 on the growth of C. albicans using the molecular docking method. Docking was carried out using the targeted (Lanosterol 14 alpha demethylase and Glucan endo-1,3-beta-D-glucosidase) dock- ing method with an exhausted parameter of 50. The size of the grid- box was adjusted to the position of the amino acid residues based on predictions of binding sites using PrankWeb. The docking results were obtained in the form of binding affinity resulting from the inter- action of the compound with the protein. Results showed that the three sample compounds had the potential to form strong and stable bonds with both protein targets with only two ligands show a binding energy value of less than -7 kcal/mol. In addition, the speed and stability of the bond between the sample and the target protein cannot exceed control ligands, thus it can be predicted the structure of ligand. Fu- toamide, 1-[(2E,4E)-2,4-decadienoyl] pyrrolidine, Lycopodine, and Dihydrolycopodine had binding potential with Lanosterol 14 alpha demethylase. For Glucan endo-1,3-beta-D-glucosidase, only Fu- toamide had the potential to form stable and strong bonds that similar to the control. It can be concluded that the futoamide, one of ligand from P. azotoformans compounds has the potential as a multitarget inhibitor of the two C. albicans proteins, because it has various affini- ties and interaction stability for Lanosterol 14 alpha demethylase and Glucan endo-1,3-beta-D-glucosidase.
Effect of Black Soldier Fly Frass (BSFF) on The Growth and Yield of Cayenne Pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.)
Authors: Amelia Rizki Nor , Haris Amnan , Muliana Putri Dinda , Fauziyyah Istiqomah Ifnan , Damayanti Tiara , Nisa Jauha Khoirun , Rafidah Zahra
Published: June 2024

Cayenne pepper is a leading horticultural commodity in In­donesia. However, the productivity and quality produced have not met market expectations. One of the contributing factors is the low quality of the soil. For this reason, switching from inorganic fertilizers to or­ganic fertilizers, such as Black Soldier Fly Frass (BSFF), is necessary because it can provide several nutrients crucial in improving the soil's physical, chemical, and biological properties. In this study, the formu­lation of BSFF was tested for its impact on cayenne pepper's growth response and yield. The research was arranged in a completely ran­domized design consisting of three treatments with three repetitions, namely P1 (100 grams of BSFF biofertilizer), P2 (250 grams of BSFF biofertilizer), and P3 (500 grams of BSFF biofertilizer). The results showed an interaction between doses of BSFF biofertilizer on plant height, physical conditions (color and size), number, and wet weight of cayenne pepper; which P3 gave the most optimal growth response and yield. In contrast to these results, all treatments reduced vitamin C to the high level of N nutrients in BSFF biofertilizer. Therefore, fur­ther research is needed to find the right dosage (below 100 grams/500 grams of media) so that cayenne pepper has a high vitamin C.
Effect of Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) on Biomass and Flavonoid Production of Talinum paniculatum Callus Culture
Authors: Kaban Sarah Mega Pratenna , Restiani Ratih , Aditiyarini Dwi
Published: June 2024

Talinum paniculatum Jacq (Gaertn), locally known as Javanese Ginseng, is an essential medicinal plant characterized by high flavonoid content with antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Compared to other natural sources, a larger number of T. paniculatum leaves is required to obtain high amounts of flavonoid for drug development. In this context, in vitro culture can be used to increase flavonoid production in a controlled condition without reducing plant population. The concentration of Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) is capable of influencing biomass and flavonoid accumulation in callus culture from several species. Despite these benefits, there is limited information about the optimal concentration of PGRs for flavonoid production from T. paniculatum callus culture. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the optimum concentration of 2,4-D and kinetin for callus growth, as well as flavonoid production from T. paniculatum. The investigation was carried out using a completely randomized design (CRD), where young leaves explants were cultured on MS media supplemented with various concentrations of 2,4-D (0, 0.5, 1, 2) mg/L and kinetin (0, 0.5, 1, 2) mg/L for callus and flavonoid production. The results showed that the highest callus biomass of 0.105 g was produced from MS medium with 2 mg/L of 2,4-D and 1 mg/L of kinetin. Meanwhile, the highest total flavonoid content of 25.66 mg QE/g DW was produced from media supplemented with 1 mg/Lof 2,4-D and 2 mg/L of kinetin. These results showed that different combinations of 2,4-D and kinetin were required to increase biomass and flavonoid production. In conclusion, this study provided valuable information for the development of bioactive compounds through in vitro culture.
Diversity and Abundance of Soil Arthropods in Terrestrial Area of Situ Lengkong Panjalu, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Adnan Bahana Aditya , Kurniawati Tiktiek , Trianto Manap
Published: June 2024

Soil arthropods play an important role in nutrient cycling and maintenance of soil structure. Thus, their abundance and diver­sity can indicate the biological quality of the soil. Due to different soil management practices, arthropods are also very sensitive to en­vironmental changes. This study aims to analyze the abundance and diversity of soil arthropods and the environmental factors that sup­port the abundance of soil arthropods in terrestrial of Situ Lengkong Panjalu, West Java, Indonesia. The methods used to obtain samples of soil arthropods are pitfall trap. Soil arthropod data were analyzed to determine the Shannon diversity index (H'), Margalef richness index (R), and Evenness index (E). The effect of abiotic environmental fac­tors was analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). A total of 1263 arthropods were found in Situ Lengkong Panjalu, belonging to 11 orders, 24 families, and 32 morphospecies. The current work determined the scores of H'= 2.08, R = 3,08, and E = 0.72 of soil arthropods in Situ Lengkong Panjalu, West Java, Indonesia. Results revealed that humidity is one such environmental parameter affecting the presence of soil arthropods in Situ Lengkong Panjalu, West Java, Indonesia. This research can be used as a guide in validating and conservation of the habitat of soil arthropod species on West Java
Delighting to Preach: Teaching Towards Affective Formation
Authors: Lee Mason
Published: June 2024

Learning to preach is an activity of holistic formation involving a student’s intellect, behavior, and emotions. Yet it is this last component – affective formation – that often proves most difficult to address in a required preaching course. How does one form student affections for preaching so that they come to delight in the practice when they only take the course as a requirement? What does it mean to teach in ways that aim at affective formation? What activities can students do to demonstrate formation of the affections? This paper draws on Jonathan Edwards’s account of the religious affections to develop strategies for affective formation within the context of a preaching course. It reflects on one pedagogical strategy used by the author for teaching toward affective formation in preaching courses. Overall, this article seeks to foster a conversation on the importance of affective formation for preaching and pedagogical strategies for bringing it about.
Unearthing the Disturbing Ghosts of Postcolonial LandsThat Linger After the Sermon
Authors: Wong Wing Yi
Published: June 2024

What lingers over a wounded community after preaching? This paper argues that the disturbing ghosts of postcolonial lands linger in the pulpit and haunt the wounded hearers after the sermon. Preachers should not only acknowledge but also preach about these ghosts whose presence are found in the Bible and in Christ. Mirroring the features of the ghosts, such preaching, which I term haunto-postcolonial preaching, disrupts the conventional notions of linear time and segregated space and connects the ghosts to the hearers and the Bible. Its goal is to create a haunting space in the pulpit, unearthing unresolved postcolonial trauma to bring rupture to the existing oppressive structures in the church and society. By allowing the ghosts to haunt the congregation about a lost or a reality yet-to-be-attained, preachers invite their hearers to reimagine and pursue a better and just society beyond the sermon where the unappeased souls can be consoled.
Review of Decolonial Futures by Christine J. Hong
Authors: Utley Allie
Published: June 2024

Allie Utley reviews Decolonial Futures by Christine J. Hong.
A Therapeutic Tool in Institutions: Observing the Baby using the Esther Bick Method in Neonatology
Authors: C Momar , S Sokhna , B El Hadji Makhtar , B Idrissa , WK Racky , S Rosella
Published: June 2024

The authors participated in observing a neonatology unit of a children’s hospital in Dakar, which had the only respiratory assistance device in Senegal. This study aimed to show that observation of the baby using the Esther Bick method was effective in the early intervention of psychopathological disorders in the mother-child relationship. This observation, an institutional application of Esther Bick’s observation method, allowed the authors to experiment with this technique for the first time. The results revealed the early interactions of a baby in a family where suffering related to the context of out-of-wedlock birth was unfolding, which had led to the social exclusion of the mother. The mother’s transgression was socially interpreted as the cause of her baby’s illness. Thus, through the sessions, the observation enabled a re-enactment of a social issue that was expressed within the hospital institution. We believe this observation may have had an essential containing function for the baby and his family and opened avenues for reflection on early interventions addressing the baby and his family.
Psychiatric Practices in Ancent Rome: 27 BCE-476 CE
Authors: VJ Belfiglio
Published: June 2024

Thesis statement: The work of ancient, Roman physicians added to the mainstream of psychiatric evolution that paved the way for the development of the specialty of psychiatry. Methodology: This article employed historiography and conceptual analysis of the writings of three leading Roman physicians: Soranus of Ephesus, Aulus Celsus, and Claudius Galen. Results: Roman physicians (medici) provided a simple protocol for the diagnosis of mental illness, and early models for the treatment of psychiatric disorders. The results demonstrate the importance of the rationalistic approach to mental illness used by the ancient Romans. Conclusion: The work of Roman physicians added to the mainstream of psychiatric evolution that paved the way for the development of the specialty of psychiatry.
Lessons from Past Monetary Easing Cycles
Authors: Soyres François de , Saijid Zina
Published: June 2024

Many central banks are at a critical juncture in their current monetary policy cycles as they assess whether it would be appropriate to embark on an easing phase following one of the most aggressive episodes of monetary tightening in recent history. In this note, we highlight key aspects of past monetary policy easing episodes in selected advanced economies and what lessons we may learn from these past experiences.
Rural Employment Disparities by Race, Ethnicity, and Region
Authors: Dumont Andrew
Published: June 2024

This FEDS Note explores racial and regional differences in metro-nonmetro employment disparities by looking at employment rates by age, sex, race and ethnicity, and region. It finds substantial differences in the metro-nonmetro employment gap across racial and ethnic groups, with Black or African American and American Indian and Alaska Native men and women having much lower employment rates in nonmetro areas relative to their metro peers.
Evaluating the Effects of Geographic Adjustments on Poverty Measures Using Self-Reported Financial Well-Being Scores
Authors: Larrimore Jeff
Published: June 2024

A central aspect of poverty measurement is how well the measure can identify the people and places that are experiencing financial hardships. This paper explores the relationship between poverty financial hardship by using the CFPB’s financial well-being scale, which reflects individuals’ self-assessments of their financial challenges. Using this measure, for every 1 percentage point increase in a state’s official poverty rate for working-age adults, there is a 0.59 percentage point increase in the share of working-age adults with very low financial well-being. In contrast, the state’s supplemental poverty rate is negatively correlated with the rate of financial hardship using the CFPB measure. This finding is due to the supplemental poverty measure’s geographic adjustment shifting poverty towards areas that have lower rates of self-reported financial hardship.
Are Supply Networks Efficiently Resilient?
Authors: Capponi Agostino , Du Chuan , Stiglitz Joseph E.
Published: June 2024

We show that supply networks are inefficiently, and insufficiently, resilient. Upstream firms can expand their production capacity to hedge againstsupply and demand shocks. But the social benefits of such investments arenot internalized due to market power and market incompleteness. Upstreamfirms under-invest in capacity and resilience, passing-on the costs to downstreamfirms, and drive trade excessively towards the spot markets. There isa wedge between the market solution and a constrained optimal benchmark,which persists even without rare and large shocks. Policies designed to incentivizecapacity investment, reduce reliance on spot markets, and enhancecompetition ameliorate the externality.
Monetary Policy, Employment Shortfalls, and the Natural Rate Hypothesis
Authors: Kiley Michael T.
Published: June 2024

Activity shortfalls are more costly than strong activity. I consider optimal monetary policy under discretion with an asymmetric (activity shortfalls) loss function. The model satisfies the natural rate hypothesis. The asymmetric loss function and resulting optimal monetary policy exacerbates shortfalls in activity. The additional frequency of activity shortfalls arises from the adjustment of expectations implied by the natural rate hypothesis. The shortfalls asymmetry leads to an inflationary bias, similar to results in the time-consistency literature. Mandating a central bank objective with greater symmetry than the social loss function improves outcomes. Greater symmetry lowers the magnitude of activity shortfalls. Greater symmetry also reduces inflation bias. The model also implies that an optimal monetary policy does not accommodate fluctuations from aggregate demand shocks, as is standard in such models. As a result, the analysis implies that monetary accommodation of strength in economic activity likely requires justifications other than asymmetric costs of shortfalls.
Monetary Policy Strategies to Foster Price Stability and a Strong Labor Market
Authors: Kiley Michael T.
Published: June 2024

I assess monetary policy strategies to foster price stability and labor market strength. The assessment incorporates a range of challenges, including uncertainty regarding the equilibrium real interest rate, mismeasurement of economic potential, and balancing the costs and benefits associated with employment shortfalls and labor market strength. I find that the ELB remains a significant constraint, hindering achievement of the inflation objective and worsening employment shortfalls. Symmetric policy reaction functions mitigate the most adverse effects of employment shortfalls by contributing to economic stability. Make-up strategies address ELB risks. These strategies call for policy to accommodate some period of inflation above its long-run objective following an ELB episode. I also consider an asymmetric shortfalls approach to policy. This approach provides accommodation in response to weak activity while foregoing tightening in response to strong activity. While the approach can, in principle, address ELB risks by raising inflation, it performs poorly. The shortfalls approach exacerbates economic volatility, worsens employment shortfalls, and creates excess inflationary pressures. Mismeasurement is not sufficient to limit the importance of strong responses to measured slack. Overall, monetary policy can promote price stability and labor market strength by focusing on economic stability, with a strategy targeted to address ELB risks.
Constructing high-frequency monetary policy surprises from SOFR futures
Authors: Acosta Miguel , Brennan Connor M. , Jacobson Margaret M.
Published: June 2024

Eurodollar futures were the bedrock for constructing high-frequency series of monetary policy surprises, so their discontinuation poses a challenge for the continued empirical study of monetary policy. We propose an approach for updating the series of Gurkaynak et al. (2005) and Nakamura and Steinsson (2018) with SOFR futures in place of Eurodollar futures that is conceptually and materially consistent. We recommend using SOFR futures from January 2022 onward based on regulatory developments and trading volumes. The updatedseries suggest that surprises over the recent tightening cycle are larger in magnitude than those seen over the decade prior and restrictive on average.
Central Banking Post Crises
Authors: Kiley Michael T. , Mishkin Frederic S.
Published: June 2024

The world economy has experienced the largest financial crisis in generations, a global pandemic, and a resurgence in inflation during the first quarter of the 21st century, yielding important insights for central banking. Price stability has important benefits and is the responsibility of a central bank. Achieving price stability in a complex and uncertain environment involves a credible commitment to a nominal anchor with a strong response to inflation and pre-emptive leaning against an overheating economy. Associated challenges imply that central bank communication and transparency are key elements of monetary policy strategies and tactics. Crises have emphasized the role of central banks in promoting financial stability, as financial stability is key to achieving price and economic stability, but this role increases risks to independence. Goals for central banks other than price and economic stability, complemented by financial stability, can make it more difficult for them to stabilize both inflation and economic activity.
КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНО-МЕТОДОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ПОДХОД В ОБОСНОВАНИИ УСТОЙЧИВЫХ ОРОШАЕМЫХ АГРОЛАНДШАФТОВ
Authors: Медведева Людмила Николаевна , Пахомова Антонина Александровна
Published: June 2024

Целью исследования стало формирование концептуально-методологических подходов в обеспечении устойчивых агроландшафтов на основе адаптивных систем земледелия и комплексных мелиораций. Объекты исследования — агроландшафты, расположенные в Волго-Донском междуречье, и региональные системы орошаемого земледелия.
Материалы и методы. Основу исследования составил метаанализ результатов научных экспедиций, проводимых учеными ВНИИОЗ — филиал ФГБНУ «ФНЦ ВНИИГиМ им. А. Н. Костякова» (Волгоград) за последние годы, а также анализ статистических данных по климатическим изменениям, состоянию региональной агропродовольственной системы. Обработка материалов и расчеты проводились с помощью компьютерных программ MS Office 2010, Statistica 13.
Результаты и выводы. Результаты исследования подтверждают повышение эффективности сельскохозяйственного производства на орошаемых землях в степной зоне на основе более широкого применения инноваций и цифровых технологий. Киберэкономическое моделирование процессов, протекающих в агроландшафтах, позволило предложить адаптивно-ландшафтные системы земледелия на основе учета разных видов полива и схем севооборотов. Выделение в пространственной структуре Волго-Донского междуречья сетевого агроландшафта интенсивного промышленного садоводства в какой-то мере восполнило научный пробел в этой области знаний. Разработанные интегральные показателя устойчивости агроландшафтов позволили спрогнозировать продукционный потенциал региональных агропродовольственных систем.
СОЦИАЛЬНОЕ ЗДОРОВЬЕ КАК ОБЪЕКТ УПРАВЛЕНЧЕСКОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ
Authors: Шилкина Елена Леонидовна , Енина Виктория Валерьевна
Published: June 2024

Цель исследования — разработка системной модели социального здоровья применительно к практике социального управления.
Методологическую базу исследования составили принципы системного, институционального, структурно-функционального и ценностно-нормативного подходов. Преобладание подходов макросоциологической парадигмы способствовало проведению анализа системных и структурных аспектов социального здоровья.
Результаты исследования. На базе модели социального действия Т. Парсонса сформирована модель социального здоровья в качестве социентальной системы, состоящей из политической, экономической, культурной и социальной подсистем. Разработана система критериев для целенаправленного управленческого воздействия в рамках каждой подсистемы.
Перспективу исследования составляет дальнейший анализ воздействия посредством управленческой деятельности на качественное состояние социального здоровья.
GEOSTRATEGIC, GEOPOLITICAL AND GEOECONOMIC INTERESTS OF EXTERNAL POWERS IN LIBYA
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, Abdallah Omar Abdallah Elmahzhub
Published: June 2024

The interests of international actors in the State of Libya in the conditions of a long civil conflict caused by the foreign intervention of 2011 are investigated. The author is convinced that all external forces have different geopolitical and geoeconomic interests, except for one common one – the desire to establish their own dominance in the Southern Mediterranean.
ESCALATION OF THE AZERBAIJANI-ARMENIAN CONFLICT IN NAGORNO-KARABAKHAND THE POSITION OF INTERNATIONAL ACTORS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Raikov A.
Published: June 2024

A new stage in the escalation of the Azerbaijan Armenia conflict, which occurred in late summer – early autumn 2022, is considered, and its impact on the future nature of interstate relations in the South Caucasus region and on the future of the peaceful settlement of the armed conflict is analysed. In addition, both the interests of global actors in the region, in particular the United States of America, the Russian Federation, the European Union, etc., and their intentions to benefit from the conflict itself and / or its settlement are established. The negotiation process between Azerbaijan and Armenia, which is mediated by both the EU and Russia, is also characterized.
REGULATORY AND JUDICIAL ASPECTS OF ASSIGNMENT OF THE RIGHT OF CLAIM IN THE LEGISLATION OF UKRAINE AND FOREIGN STATES
Authors:   aras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, LOKHMATOV Oleksandr , KALAKURA Viktor ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: June 2024

The article is dedicated to the study of the peculiarities of the institution of assignment of the right of claim (cession) in the legislation of Ukraine and foreign states. In addition, the practical aspect of the application of the institution of cession by Ukrainian and foreign courts is an integral part of the study. Key research attention has been paid to the issue of unification of norms on the assignment of the right of claim in international acts, such as the UNIDRUA Convention on International Factoring of 1988, the UN Convention on the Assignment of Receivables in International Trade of 2001, etc. The problem of transformation of the construction of the assignment of the right of claim (cession) in the case of the transfer of pledged subjective civil rights by a court decision is considered. The importance of establishing a separate legal regulation in the provisions of civil legislation for "financing subject to the assignment of the right of monetary claim" contracts is singled out.
THE SOURCES AND DYNAMICS OF TURKEY’S ANTAGONISM TOWARDS THE EURO-ATLANTIC ASPIRATIONS OF SWEDEN AND FINLAND
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, GARAYEVA Narmina
Published: June 2024

Since 1949, NATO’s membership has increased from 12 to 31 countries through nine rounds of enlargement. Allegedly, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization door remains open to any European country in a position to undertake the commitments and obligations of membership, and contribute to security in the Euro-Atlantic area. Yet, any decision to invite a country to join the bloc is taken by the North Atlantic Council on the basis of consensus among all Allies. This dichotomy has attracted particular attention following Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, which ‘encouraged’ historically non-aligned Finland and Sweden to apply for NATO membership. Apparently, the Euro-Atlantic aspirations of both Nordic countries have immediately encountered strong Turkey’s antagonism. While Finland is now a NATO Ally as of 4 April 2023, Sweden has got merely an official Invitee status. Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg has highlighted that NATO’s priority is for Sweden’s accession to be completed as soon as possible as well. Although President Erdogan submitted Sweden’s accession protocol to the Turkish parliament for ratification in October 2023, there is an ongoing discussion on the reasons why the process has been held up by official Ankara. This article aims at exploring the genuine motives behind Turkey’s reluctance to clear the way for the country to become part of the Western military-political bloc. It argues that self-positioning of Turkey as a non-conventional NATO Ally pursuing an autonomous policy, trying to have its own national security concerns better accommodated by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, has been a critical factor.
ISRAEL'S POLICY IN THE CONTEXT OF RUSSIA'S WAR AGAINST UKRAINE: A YEAR OF NEUTRAL AID
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, ROHULIA Karyna
Published: June 2024

Ukrainian-Israeli relations have undergone significant structural changes since the start of the full-scale russian invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022. The positive pre-war dynamic of the bilateral agenda has been replaced by neutral words of support from the Israeli government and practical aloofness from the war. During the year and a half of armed aggression of the russian ederation, the government in Israel changed for three times, but each of them maintained a neutral position regarding russia's war against Ukraine, albeit with certain differences. This article is an attempt to analyze the policy of the three prime ministers of Israel - Naftali Bennett, Yair Lapid and Benjamin Netanyahu - in relation to Ukraine, as well as to evaluate the geopolitical environment in the Middle East, which is the main factor behind the passivity of the State of Israel in the context of providing assistance to Ukraine. The main focus is on the public reaction, practical steps and reservations of the Israeli government regarding support for Ukraine. The political activity of each prime minister, the internal environment and national interests of the State of Israel from the point of view of decision-making in favor of Ukraine were evaluated. The geopolitical reasons for Israeli neutrality in relation to the russian war against Ukraine are analyzed.
ANALYSIS OF TRENDS IN THE TRANSFER OF DUAL-PURPOSE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, RUBAN Arina
Published: June 2024

B a c k g r o u n d . In recent decades, an international system of export control of both military products and TPP has been formed. Due to objective reasons, this system is constantly changing, which requires appropriate adaptation of national legislation and administrative mechanisms. In view of this, an important scientific and practical task is the study of trends in the development of the international export control system, in particular in relation to the TPP. This is necessary for the development of measures aimed at deepening international cooperation and increasing the effectiveness of TPP export control at the national level. M e t h o d s . The following methods were used: analytical, retrospective, comparative. R e s u l t s . The article specifies the essence and features of the implementation of export control of dual-purpose technologies. C o n c l u s i o n s . Export control, as a set of norms of international law, contractual and political obligations aimed at reducing the risk of the use of military force, non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, means of their delivery and countering terrorism, is an important component of the international security regime. The relevance of export control is determined by two factors: the possibility of export control to contribute to the interests of international security and the possibility of achieving their own national interests by the states that apply it.
THE ROLE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF THE POLITICAL, FREE TRADE AND STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND AND UKRAINE IN THE PROMOTION AND PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, ZABARA Ihor , RASHEVSKA Kateryna ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: June 2024

As of today, foreign trade agreements are an important vehicle for development and promotion of human rights. This effect can be achieved by including in the text of such an agreement a human rights clause, a special provision which contains a number of international human rights standards, compliance with which must be guaranteed by the contracting States. The article focuses on a specific example of these agreements, namely the Political, Free Trade and Strategic Partnership Agreement between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. To that end, the article first examines the general development and the importance of bilateral trade between States, as this, in turn, affects its potential in the human rights, humanitarian and security areas. Then the authors outline specific provisions of the Agreement in the context of the topic of the article and analyzes the possible consequences of their implementation, namely due to the aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine. The role and significance of the established monitoring bodies and the mechanism for responding to human rights clause violations have been studied separately. The article contains elements of a combinatorial approach, as the analysis of the Political, Free Trade and Strategic Partnership Agreement is carried out, where possible, through comparisons with the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union. Thus, the authors trie to find out which of the two agreements has the greatest potential for the development of the human rights system in Ukraine.
Trend and Variations of Surface Air Temperatures across Selected Eco-Climatic Zones in Nigeria
Authors:   Dept. of Physics, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Calabar, Nigeria, King L.E. , Udo S.O. , Ewona I.O. , Amadi S.O. , Ebong E.B. , Emeka C.N. , Umoh M.D.
Published: June 2024

The trends and variability in surface air temperatures over selected eco-climatic zones in Nigeria were assessed using Merra-2 datasets from 1981 to 2018. A total of 15 stations spread across the eco-climatic zones in Nigeria were used for this study. The Mann-Kendall, linear trend and Sen’s slope trend test, time series plots and descriptive statistics were used. The coefficients of variability of surface air maximum temperature showed low variability for the Mangrove-swamp rainforest and moderate variability for the Guinea-wooded, Sudan and Sahel savannas. Similarly, the coefficients of variability of surface air minimum temperature showed moderate variability for all the selected eco-climatic zones. The M-K trend test showed that 14 stations had upward trends and 1 downward trend, with 13 stations having statistically significant trend in air surface maximum temperature. All the stations had statistically significant upward trends in air surface minimum temperature. The average increase in maximum and minimum air surface temperatures is estimated to be about 0.035°C and 0.036°C per year, respectively. For Nigeria, the average air surface temperature is estimated to increase by about 0.036°C per year, and the average air surface temperature is estimated to have increased by about 1.4°C over the 38 years. This study then gives a linear trend projection of about 4.3°C increase in estimated mean air surface temperature by year 2100 in Nigeria.
The Formation of the Image of Forensic Science by the Example of the International Project “East — West: Partnership in Forensic Science”
Authors: Usov A. I.
Published: June 2024

The formation of the modern appearance of the field of forensic examination is the definition of its external outlines and boundaries, technological potential, a set of features that characterize the main vector of special knowledge, the priorities of internal methodological structures and the content of professional competencies. This has always been due to the desire to find an optimal balance between the needs of the law enforcement officer and the capabilities of the subjects of applying special knowledge. Scientific and practical conferences and forums have always been of great importance in these processes. The international project “East-West: Partnership in Forensic Science” is one of the clearest examples of this. As a result of the study of the final materials of this project over twenty years the author examines the genesis of a new class of humanitarian forensic examinations, which was a response to modern challenges in the Russian Federation. The tasks of forensic expert support for the protection of spiritual and moral values, national culture and historical memory are formulated. Along with the already established comprehensive psychological and linguistic examination, a whole interdisciplinary complex of additional forensic studies of information materials is identified as priority forensic areas. These are political science, ethics and religious studies forensic examinations. The professional sovereignty of the Russian Federation and friendly foreign states in the field of forensic activities is essential for the implementation of strategic national priorities, namely state, public and information security.
Digital Portrait of a Person as an Object of Complex Research
Authors: Podvolotski I. N.
Published: June 2024

A digital portrait of a person is not only an image created with the help of digital technologies, but also a multifaceted object of complex research. In the modern world, more and more attention is paid to the study of various aspects of digital images, including such areas as psychology, sociology, art history and even medicine. From the point of view of psychology, a digital portrait can tell about a person’s inner world, his emotions and experiences. Sociology considers the digital portrait as a reflection of social processes and changes taking place in society. Art historians study the influence of digital technologies on the development of art and culture, as well as the role of digital portraits in shaping the aesthetic preferences of a modern person. Specialists in the field of medicine conduct research aimed at developing methods for the prevention and treatment of diseases. In general, a digital portrait is a unique object for study and can serve as a starting point for research in various fields of science. It is important to understand that a digital portrait is not just an image, but a complex set of data that can tell a lot of interesting things about a person. However, in addition to these aspects, the digital portrait is also a great interest for forensic portrait examination.
The combine harvester for cabbage harvesting in small-scale farms
Authors: Alatyrev Alexey S. , Emelyanov Nikolay A. , Nikitin Vadim S. , Kruchinkina Irina S. , Alatyrev Sergey S.
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: Currently, cabbage is cultivated in almost all regions of Russia. However, its production volumes are insufficient. A further dynamic increase in the volume of commercial cabbage production is not possible due to the lack of modern cabbage harvesting equipment for vegetable growing.
AIM: Development of the new cabbage harvester taking into account modern conditions of vegetable growing and assessment of the quality of its operation.
METHODS: As part of this aim, a prototype of the small-sized cabbage harvester was developed, the operating mode of its main leaf separating device was justified, and the quality of operation was assessed in production conditions in accordance with the requirements of the AIST 8.7 – 2013.
RESULTS: During the test, a pronounced flow of all operations performed with the cabbage harvester was observed. The performance indicators of the combine harvester compare favorably with the indicators of agrotechnical requirements (ATR), in particular, the operating speed is on average 53% higher than the speed provided for by the ATR, damage to cabbage heads is up to 9%, and there is practically no contamination of the product.
CONCLUSION: Field tests showed a fairly high operability of the developed cabbage harvester, compliance with the quality performance indicators of agrotechnical requirements in modern conditions of vegetable growing.
Development of the technology and technical means of direct sowing for dryland farming conditions
Authors: Shepelev Sergey D. , Pyataev Maxim V. , Kravchenko Evgeniy N.
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND: Direct sowing of grain crops helps to significantly increase field germination and, consequently, the yield capacity under conditions of extreme moisture deficit. In this regard, the development of the direct sowing technology applied to the conditions of the South Urals, where severe droughts recur periodically, is a relevant task.
AIM: Increase of grain crops yield capacity in conditions of arid farming with the development of direct sowing technology that provides seed embedding in the moistened soil layer.
METHODS: Statistical data on hydrothermal conditions of crop cultivation in the South Urals were collected and analyzed. Laboratory and laboratory-field experiments were planned and conducted.
RESULTS: It has been found that droughts in the South Urals occur quite often. The moistened soil layers, in which it is necessary to embed seeds, are at a depth of 8...10 cm at these periods of time. Traditional sowing technologies are not capable of providing seed embedding in moist soil with the condition of high field germination. On the basis of the analysis of methods of direct sowing of grain crops, the technology, assuming seed embedding in moistened soil layer, is proposed. The design of a combined sowing section is developed and it consists of a support wheel, a slotted disk, a hoe coulter and a packer wheel. The design of the section considers the parallel-link attachment to the frame of the sowing facility, which ensures a stable depth of seed placement. Laboratory and laboratory-field experiments were helpful in determining the energy performance of the sowing section, as well as agrotechnical and energy indicators of the sowing facility.
CONCLUSION: It was experimentally found that the application of the developed technology of direct sowing helps to increase the field germination by 21.7% in comparison with the basic technology, the yield capacity increase is 9.2 c/ha.
David A. Entin: outstanding organizer of Russian dentistry
Authors: Borisov Dmitrii N. , Balin Vladimir V. , Startceva Alina  D. , Saykina Alexandra S , Bautkina Irina A. , Staroverova Arina S. , Brusnik Valeria P.
Published: June 2024

This article reveals the scientific legacy of the outstanding organizer of Russian dentistry, the long-term head of the Department of Dentistry (since 1942, the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery with Dentistry), Military Medical Academy, chief dentist of the Red Army during the Great Patriotic War, and Major General of the Medical Service David Abramovich Entin. The current status of the publication activity of Prof. Entin in electronic citation and analytical databases has been studied. The characteristic of the scientific school of national military dentistry founded by him is provided. Previously unpublished images related to the life of Prof. Entin are presented.
Study on the relationship between peripheral nerve fiber types and levodopa usage in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Liu Nan , Zhang Jie
Published: June 2024

Background and purpose – The aim of this study is to comprehensively determine the types of affected fibers in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients by employing nerve conduction studies (NCS), sympathetic skin response (SSR) examinations, and current perception threshold (CPT) testing and to analyze the correlation between levodopa use and nerve involvement. Methods – This retrospective study included 36 clinically diagnosed PD patients who were recruited between January 2018 and April 2019. All patients underwent NCS, SSR testing, and CPT sensory examinations. Additionally, the PD patients were assessed for disease staging using the Hoehn and Yahr (H-Y) scale. Results – Fifteen patients were included in the tremor-dominant subtype, ten patients in the rigid-dominant subtype, and eleven patients in the mixed subtype. Eleven patients were using levodopa, while twenty-five patients had never used any anti-Parkinson’s medication. Ten patients (28%) showed abnormal sympathetic skin responses (SSR). The CPT examination revealed sensory abnormalities in twenty-four patients (67%), with eighteen patients (75%) experiencing sensory hypersensitivity and six patients (25%) experiencing sensory hypoesthesia. Twelve patients (33%) had normal CPT results. Among the patients with abnormal CPT findings, seven cases (29%) involved large myelinated fiber damage, twenty-two cases (92%) involved small myelinated fiber damage, and nineteen cases (79%) involved unmyelinated fiber damage. The rate of sensory abnormalities was 64% (7/11) in the levodopa group and 68% (17/25) in the non-levodopa group, with no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion – The incidence of abnormal CPT findings in PD patients was higher than that of abnormal SSR responses, suggesting that nerve fiber damage primarily affects small fiber nerves (SFN).
Fibrinogen to albumin ratio’s prognostic value in ischemic stroke patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy
Authors: Ozdogru Derya , Uysal Onur Kadir , Erdem Miray , Soker Elif Banu , Ozturk Ilker , Avci Akkan , Arlier Zulfikar
Published: June 2024

Background and purpose – Fibrinogen to albumin ratio (FAR) is thought to have a predictive effect in diseases such as cancer and myocardial infarction. We aimed to elucidate the prognostic value of FAR in ischemic stroke patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy. Methods – A total of 103 patients hospitalized for acute stroke who underwent mechanical thrombectomy within 6 hours of symptoms’ outset have been analyzed retrospectively. Stroke severity was interpreted via the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score during the neurological examination. Recanalization success after mechanical thrombectomy was evaluated with the TICI score (Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction scale), and 2b – 3 patients were recorded as those with recanalization. The patients’ modified Rankin scale (mRS) at discharge and at the end of the third month were recorded. Results – Statistically significant differences were observed in age, admission blood glucose, glomerular filtration rate and FAR according to the mRS scores of the patients in the third month (p<0.05). Significant variables in the risk factor analysis were re-evaluated in the multivariate model. The best model was determined using the backward Wald method in the multivariate model, and it was determined that differences in age, admission blood glucose, and FAR were significant. Conclusion – FAR can be used as a novel, effective, economical, and practical biomarker in patient with acute ischemic stroke who underwent mechanical thrombectomy