bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hybrid Ethical Theory and Cohen’s Critique of Rawls’s Egalitarian Liberalism
Authors: Buckland Jamie
Published: October 2023

This article examines G. A. Cohen’s endorsement of a hybrid ethical theory and its relationship to his critique of John Rawls’s egalitarian liberalism. Cohen claimed that Rawls’s appeal to special incentives was a distortion of his own difference principle. I argue that Cohen’s acceptance of a personal prerogative (the central element of Samuel Scheffler’s version of a hybrid ethical theory) has several untoward consequences. First, it illuminates how any reasonable challenge to Rawls’s liberalism must recognise Thomas Nagel’s arguments concerning the problems that arise when one attempts to implement a political theory analogous to a hybrid theory of ethics. Second, it undermines Cohen’s critique of Rawls. Third, it undermines the plausibility of Cohen’s ethos-driven social egalitarianism. The article concludes that, despite Nagel’s concerns, the most plausible form of egalitarianism—one that can accommodate the requirements of a hybrid ethical theory—will be Rawlsian, rather than Cohen’s ethos-based system.
Video face target detection and tracking algorithm based on nonlinear sequence Monte Carlo filtering technique
Authors: Du Yunming , Liu Yi , Tian Jing
Published: October 2023

In order to achieve facial object detection and tracking in video, a method based on nonlinear sequence Monte Carlo filtering technology is proposed. The algorithm is simple, effective, and easy to operate, which can solve the problems of scale change and occlusion in the process of online learning tracking, so as to ensure the smooth implementation of learning effect evaluation. Experimental methods should be added to the article summary section. The results show that the algorithm in this study outperforms the basic KCF in terms of evaluation accuracy and success rate, as well as outperforms other tracker algorithms in benchmark, achieving scores of 0.837 and 0.705, respectively. In terms of overlapping accuracy, the reason why this study’s algorithm is higher than KCF is that this study determines the tracking status of the current target by calculating the primary side regulated (PSR) value when the target is obscured or lost, which does not make the tracking error to accumulate. The tracking algorithm in this study is not ranked first in the two attributes of motion blur and low resolution, but the rankings of all other nine attributes belong to the first. Compared with the KCF algorithm, the accuracy plots for the three attributes of scale change, occlusion, and leaving the field of view are improved by 10.26, 13.48, and 13.04%, respectively. Thus, it is proved that the method based on nonlinear sequence Monte Carlo filtering technology can achieve video facial object detection and tracking.
The role of synthetic peptides derived from bovine lactoferricin against breast cancer cell lines: a mini-review
Authors: Arbeláez Manuela de la Rosa , Aleixo Davi Trombini , Barragán Cárdenas Andrea Carolina , Pittella Frederico , Tavares Guilherme Diniz
Published: October 2023

Breast cancer represents the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide, accounting for approximately one in eight cancers diagnosed. Despite significant advances in the diagnosis and detection of this disease, there is still a great need for more effective therapies to combat the invasive forms, especially those with a high incidence of metastasis. For that reason, bioactive molecules as peptides, including bovine lactoferricin (LfcinB), have been investigated. In this sense, there are reports that 20RRWQWR25 motif derivate from the LfcinB has shown activity against different cancer cell lines. Thus, current studies are being carried out with synthetic derivatives (linear, palindromic, dimer and tetrameric structures) that contain the 20RRWQWR25 motif in order to increase its activity against cancer cell lines by altering its hydrophobicity and net positive charge. In this regard, studies have focused on the use of LfcinB derivatives to combat breast cancer cell lines, with encouraging results. Therefore, in this mini-review, we present the state of the art regarding the activity of LfcinB and its analogs against breast cancer cell lines.
Development and characterization of new formulation of biodegradable emulsified film based on polysaccharides blend and microcrystalline wax
Authors: Aoufi Djalila , Belloul Nabila , Serier Aicha
Published: October 2023

The aim of the present work is the development and characterization of new formulation of emulsified films based on soluble starch/sodium alginate blend and microcrystalline wax. The developed films were studied in order to use them as new formulations to produce food packaging. The obtained films were generally homogeneous, thin, and slightly flexible. These films appeared more opaque compared to the non-emulsified film. Incorporation of microcrystalline wax was caused modifications of mechanical properties of films; these modifications were principally due to the formation of amylose–lipid complex. It was found that microcrystalline significantly reduced film water vapor permeability (WVP) of emulsified films. Atomic force microscope (AFM) was used to evaluate surface topography and roughness of the films. The surface topography was significantly affected, in the other word high roughness values were obtained. Microemultion formation in which the microcrystalline wax particles are distributed homogeneously within the polymer matrix was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Moreover, the polysaccharides blend/microcrystalline wax emulsified films can be useful as a biodegradable packaging material to maintain the quality of food products.
Associations between psychological flexibility and daily functioning in endometriosis-related pain
Authors: Sundström Felicia T.A. , Lavefjord Amani , Buhrman Monica , McCracken Lance M.
Published: October 2023

Objectives

Processes of psychological flexibility (PF) are positively associated with health and wellbeing in several chronic pain disorders. However, these processes have not been investigated in endometriosis, a chronic pain disorder affecting 5–10 % of women worldwide. This study is a preliminary investigation of the associations between PF or psychological inflexibility (PI) and daily functioning in people with a primary diagnosis of endometriosis.

Methods

This study is based on a secondary analysis of survey data from Swedish-speaking adult participants with chronic pain recruited online. The current study included only those reporting a diagnosis of endometriosis and significant long-term pain. All participants completed the Multidimensional Psychological Flexibility Inventory (MPFI), a measure of PF and PI, as well as other measures of PF, and measures of pain and daily functioning. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were performed to examine relations of PF and PI with measures of pain and daily functioning.

Results

In general, PF facet scores from the MPFI did not correlate with pain interference but did correlate with depression, with the exception of acceptance. The overall facets of PI appeared to perform better as correlates and in regression. Established measures of PF performed in correlation and regression analyses generally as has been observed in other chronic pain populations, with significant positive associations.

Conclusions

In this preliminary analysis of PF and PI in participants with endometriosis-related pain, these processes appear relevant, especially in understanding depression, but results varied along with the measures used. Specifically, when employing the MPFI, the PI facets emerged as stronger correlates. The findings underscore the potential benefit of incorporating assessments of PF and PI as process variables in endometriosis-research, but also that careful consideration should be given when selecting instruments.
Food as a key disgust elicitor in infancy and childhood: Previous research and opportunities for future study
Authors: DeJesus Jasmine M. , Venkatesh Shruthi , Elmore-Li Cherish R.
Published: October 2023

Disliked foods may have important value in the study of the development of disgust. The current review draws from literature across disciplines, including theories of disgust and studies of the development of eating behavior and food preferences, to highlight food as an important category of disgust responses across a wide age range, including children as young as 3 years old and adults. Children's disgust responses to certain types of food are considered to be both innate and culturally constrained behaviors, and their perceptions of other people's food choices indicate potential links between foods and cultural groups. We end by discussing several ongoing and future research areas, including connections between disgust responses and food rejection in infancy and children's food rejection behaviors across cultures.
Dissociating the Contributions of Frontal Eye Field Activity to Spatial Working Memory and Motor Preparation
Authors: Jonikaitis Donatas , Noudoost Behrad , Moore Tirin
Published: October 2023

Neurons within dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) of primates are characterized by robust persistent spiking activity exhibited during the delay period of working memory tasks. This includes the frontal eye field (FEF) where nearly half of the neurons are active when spatial locations are held in working memory. Past evidence has established the FEF's contribution to the planning and triggering of saccadic eye movements as well as to the control of visual spatial attention. However, it remains unclear whether persistent delay activity reflects a similar dual role in movement planning and visuospatial working memory. We trained male monkeys to alternate between different forms of a spatial working memory task which could dissociate remembered stimulus locations from planned eye movements. We tested the effects of inactivation of FEF sites on behavioral performance in the different tasks. Consistent with previous studies, FEF inactivation impaired the execution of memory-guided saccades (MGSs), and impaired performance when remembered locations matched the planned eye movement. In contrast, memory performance was largely unaffected when the remembered location was dissociated from the correct eye movement response. Overall, the inactivation effects demonstrated clear deficits in eye movements, regardless of task type, but little or no evidence of a deficit in spatial working memory. Thus, our results indicate that persistent delay activity in the FEF contributes primarily to the preparation of eye movements and not to spatial working memory.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMany frontal eye field (FEF) neurons exhibit spatially tuned persistent spiking activity during the delay period of working memory tasks. However, the role of the FEF in spatial working memory remains unresolved. We tested the effects of inactivation of FEF sites on behavioral performance in different forms of a spatial working memory task, one of which dissociated the remembered stimulus locations from planned eye movements. We found that FEF inactivation produced clear deficits in eye movements, regardless of task type, but no deficit in spatial working memory when dissociated from those movements.
Dynamic reversibility of α‐synuclein serine‐129 phosphorylation is impaired in synucleinopathy models
Authors: Ramalingam Nagendran , Brontesi Lisa , Jin Shan‐Xue , Selkoe Dennis J , Dettmer Ulf
Published: October 2023

α‐Synuclein phosphorylation at serine‐129 (pS129) is a widely used surrogate marker of pathology in Parkinson's disease and other synucleinopathies. However, we recently demonstrated that phosphorylation of S129 is also a physiological activator of synaptic transmission. In a feed‐forward fashion, neuronal activity triggers reversible pS129. Here, we show that Parkinson's disease‐linked missense mutations in SNCA impact activity‐dependent pS129. Under basal conditions, cytosol‐enriched A30P, H50Q, and G51D mutant forms of α‐synuclein exhibit reduced pS129 levels in rat primary cortical neurons. A53T pS129 levels are similar to wild‐type, and E46K pS129 levels are higher. A30P and E46K mutants show impaired reversibility of pS129 after stimulation. For the engineered profoundly membrane‐associated α‐synuclein mutant “3K” (E35K + E46K + E61K), de‐phosphorylation was virtually absent after blocking stimulation, implying that reversible pS129 is severely compromised. Importantly, pS129 excess resulting from proteasome inhibition is also associated with reduced reversibility by neuronal inhibition, kinase inhibition, or phosphatase activation. Our findings suggest that perturbed pS129 dynamics are probably a shared characteristic of pathology‐associated α‐synuclein, with possible implications for synucleinopathy treatment and diagnosis.
MTPA STRATEGY FOR THE ELECTRIC VEHICLE DRIVE
Authors:   Odessa National Polytechnic University, Voytenko Volodymyr , Vodichev Volodymyr ,   Odessa National Polytechnic University, Kalinin Alexander ,   Odessa National Polytechnic University
Published: October 2023

Abstract. When the vehicle is moving, the driving torque that the traction motor should develop can be very large. Therefore, to prevent over loading of the traction motor by current, it is necessary to limit the current in the stator winding to the nominal value. In this regard, it is necessary to develop a system of vector control of the stator current of an induction motor, in which, at the nominal value of the stator current, the induction motor will develop the largest possible electromagnetic moment. Today, the problem of obtaining the maximum electromagnetic moment per unit current stator decides the MTPA strategy. Therefore, the aim of the work is to develop a system for regulating the moment of induction motor using the MTPA strategy, which provides the maximum value of the electromagnetic moment per unit current in the stator winding, as well as conducting a comparative analysis of the traction properties of an asynchronous electric drive when applying the MTPA strategy and in its absence. It is also necessary to clarify the requirements that the MTPA strategy imposes on the technical parameters of the induction motor and the restrictions that the real parameters of the induction motor impose on the MTPA strategy. The study was conducted on the example of a traction asynchronous electric drive of a city bus. As a result of this work, it was found that with the same current value in the stator winding, the induction motor will develop the greatest electromagnetic moment if the angle between the stator current vector and the rotor flux vector is equal to 45 electric degrees. By limiting the current of the stator induction motor at the nominal level, the application of the MTPA strategy allows obtaining an electromagnetic moment 2.56 times greater than in the absence of an MTPA strategy. This is due to the fact that when applying the MTPA strategy, the rotor flux linkage should exceed 3.55 times the nominal flux coupling of induction motor. To get so big the flux coupling of the rotor must increase the value of the voltage on the stator winding by 3.57 times relative to the nominal voltage value. When applying the MTPA strategy, the flux linkage of the rotor will not exceed the nominal value only at stator current values 3.54 times less than the nominal value of the stator current. In this case, the maximum value of the electromagnetic moment that will develop induction motor will be 4.92 times less than the nominal value of the moment of induction motor. In developing the MTPA strategy, the saturation of the magnetic system AD was not taken into account. Keywords – induction motor, vehicle, electromagnetic moment, energy, MTPA strategy.
COMPARISON OF THE RESULTS OF SIMULATION A FREQUENCY-CONTROLLED ASYNCHRONOUS ELECTRIC DRIVE
Authors:   Odessa National Polytechnic University, Petrushin Viktor , Plotkin Juriy ,   Berlin School of Economics and Law, Yakimets Andrii ,   Odessa National Polytechnic University, Horoshko Vasil ,   Odessa National Polytechnic University, Yenoktaiev Rostislav ,   Odessa National Polytechnic University
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The modelling of a frequency-controlled asynchronous electric drive was carried out using two software products Matlab and DIMASDrive. The consumed currents and active powers are determined both at the input of the drive and at the input of the asynchronous motor. The simulation results are compared with the results of experimental studies and the corresponding accuracy are found. Both static and dynamic modes of operation are considered. The advantages and disadvantages of the considered software products are established. The complementarity of these programs is substantiated, which makes it possible to use them together when performing certain tasks. Keywords: frequency-controlled asynchronous electric drive, Matlab program, DIMASDrive program, mathematical modelling, experimental studies, static modes, dynamic modes.
Automated solid fuel quality control and monitoring system
Authors: Grishyn Maksym V. , Matiko Fedir D. , Tarakhtij Olga S. , Zhanko Kristina O. , Vereskun Serhii O.
Published: October 2023

The article describes the development of a computer-integrated coal quality management system that allows to increase the service life of heating surfaces in boilers of coal-fired power plants. The need for such a system arises due to erosion caused by abrasive impurities in coal, which leads to deterioration of the boiler infrastructure. Existing methods are mostly manual, time-consuming and error-prone. The aim of the work was to increase the service life of the surface wear resistance of heat exchange tubes of a steam generator of a thermal coal-fired power plant by synthesizing and analyzing a computer-integrated coal quality management system by distributing coal flows between different coal supply sources, unloading conditions and coal quality inspection from suppliers to minimize costs. To achieve this goal, a mathematical model was developed that describes the boiler unit in terms of ash flows in the form of a system of equations. A computer-integrated coal quality control system has been developed that allows to increase the service life of heating surfaces of power boilers by distributing coal flows between coal supply sources and conditions of unloading and checking the quality of coal from suppliers to minimize costs. A computational experiment was conducted to test the operation of the computer-integrated control system and confirm its effectiveness. The results proved the value of the developed computer-integrated control system for increasing the service life of the boiler unit's heating surfaces by timely responding to changes in the quality of coal from different suppliers. It was found that with a computer-integrated control system, the service life of the pipes could be more than doubled (from 3.06 years to 7.39 years). Overall, the introduction of a computer-integrated control system is a transformational solution for managing the distribution of costs between fuel and equipment repair costs. The integrated system, together with the use of mathematical modeling and computational experiments, offers a comprehensive approach to monitoring, predicting, and controlling the factors that affect the durability of heat exchanger tubes. This research makes a significant contribution to the power industry, potentially transforming maintenance and life extension practices for critical infrastructure in thermal power plants. Further researchis needed to refine the system and explore its wider applicability in different operational scenarios.
Relay protection devices functionality comparative analysis
Authors: Radimov Sergiy M. , Plis Valerii P.
Published: October 2023

With the development of technology, there has been an evolution in the electrical power industry, replacing conventional electromechanical relays with more advanced devices. Multifunctional microprocessor relay protection terminals becamesuch innovations.This transition marked a new era in the field of monitoring and control of electrical systems. One of the strategic tasks of the energy sector is the comprehensive technical re-equipment and reconstruction of relay protection and automation systems with a focus on maximum automation of dispatch control operations.Solving this problem is impossible without the use of microprocessor devices. The purpose of this work is to conduct a comparative analysis of relay protection devices based on electromechanical relays, electronic components and microprocessor devices, review and compare their characteristics.The work presents the advantages and problems of using microprocessor-based relay protection and automation devices in modern substations.The stages of complexity of relay protection and automation systems from electromechanics to a digital substation are shown.The general trends in the formation of the concept of “Smart Grid” and the main directions for creating intelligent electrical power systems are considered.
An information model concept for a thermomechanical process in grinding
Authors: Usov Anatoly V. , Kunitsyn Maksym V. , Zaychyk Yuriy I.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the work is to present the concept of an information modelof the thermomechanical process in grinding of products from materials prone to defect formation due to the fact that their surface layer has hereditary defects of structural or technological origin.The products' strength and functionality depend on the inhomogeneity and defectiveness of the structure of the materials from which they are made. Such materials have many different micro defects formed in the surface layer of parts during the technological operations of their production. Reducing number of defectsin the finishing operations of these materials and increasing the operational properties of products made of these materials is an essential national and economical task, the solution of which leads to a significant saving of material resources, labour intensity and cost of manufacturing parts. The currently available information on the thermal processes of diamond abrasive processing is obtained on the assumption of the homogeneity of the materials being polished and needs to consider the presence of defects in the technological heredity of the products. The phenomenological approach in studying the causes of cracking of materials prone to this type of defect does not allow to revealthe mechanism of genesis and development of grinding cracks. The choice of the method of investigation of the mechanism of crack formation is based on micro-research related to inhomogeneities, which are formed in the surface layer of parts during previous technological operations. A mathematical model has been developed that describes thermomechanical processes in the surface layer during grinding of parts made of materials and alloys, taking into account their inhomogeneities, which affect the intensity of the formation of grinding cracks. Calculated dependences between the crack resistance criterion and the main controlling technological parameters were obtained. According to the known characteristics of hereditary defects, the limit values of thermomechanical criteria, which ensure the necessary quality of the surfaces of the processed products, are determined. Based on the obtained criterion ratios, an algorithm for selecting technological possibilities for defect-free processing of products from materials prone to loss of quality of the surface layer of parts was built. A decision support system has been developed to increase the efficiency of the finishing process management.
Scenarios for the Personification of the Educational Environment of the School
Authors:   Omsk State Pedagogical University, Fetter Inna V. , Makarova Natalya S. ,   Omsk State Pedagogical University, Dikikh Elina R. ,   Omsk State Pedagogical University
Published: October 2023

The article updates the problem of personifying the educational environment of a school. The importance of the process of personification of the educational environment is determined by the need to create conditions for taking into account the interests, moods, motives, characteristic style of educational activities, professional and personal characteristics and cognitive abilities of school students. The main idea is that the quality of education is directly dependent on the personification of the educational environment of the school. In this case, management of the quality of education can be carried out by choosing the personification of the educational environment based on previously performed diagnostics. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the approach to staging the personification of the educational environment of a school, to identify the main scenarios of personification, as well as to formulate recommendations for their use. Methodology. The methodological basis of the study is the environmental approach, which determines the components of the educational environment, on the basis of which strategies for its personification are identified. The staging method is also used as a tool for personifying the educational environment of the school. Research results. The authors of the article, based on the staging method, describe four types of educational environment (in accordance with the characteristics of the quality of education and the subjectivity of the student), and also describe an approach to determining scenarios for personifying the educational environment of a modern school (based on a previously conducted diagnosis of personification of the educational environment). In conclusion, recommendations are described for the use of scenarios for personifying the educational environment of a school as a condition for achieving the quality of education.
How Artificial Intelligence Modifies the Content of Training Future Teachers for Upbringingal Work
Authors:   Institute for Strategy of Education Development, Pustylnik Yulia Ю.
Published: October 2023

Introduction to the problem. The development of artificial intelligence technologies has significantly affected the pedagogical discourse due to the growing availability and popularity of generative neural networks among students. Technological progress has actualized the problems of a moral and ethical nature. In the process of forming the professional subjectivity of the future teacher as an educator, it is necessary to prepare students for pedagogical interaction with gifted students who are passionate about artificial intelligence technologies. The purpose of the article is to identify and characterize the main directions of changes in the content of training future teachers for educational activities in the context of the development of artificial intelligence technologies. The study was conducted on the basis of data on the mentoring activities of teachers in the course of preparing schoolchildren for participation in the All-Russian Olympiad in Artificial Intelligence in 2021–2022. The study is based on the methodological basis of the systems approach. 100 schools from 46 regions of the Russian Federation took part in the study. The researchers used a questionnaire method from school administrators, computer science teachers, schoolchildren and their parents to collect data. Research results. It is substantiated that the current level of development of artificial intelligence technologies has an impact on the content of general professional pedagogical competencies and on the targets for the formation of the professional position of a teacher as an educator. To perform professional labor functions, a future teacher of any subject needs to have a basic understanding of the complex of technological solutions that are united by the concept of “artificial intelligence”, about the key tasks in which artificial intelligence technologies are used today, about achievements in the field of artificial intelligence. To carry out educational activities, the future teacher needs a formed personal and professional position, including a value attitude to the ethical boundaries of the use of artificial intelligence. Conclusion. The main directions of changes in the content of preparing future teachers for educational activities in the context of the development of artificial intelligence technologies are associated, firstly, with the expansion of ideas about the areas of application of artificial intelligence, and secondly, with the mastery of technological developments for their application in professional pedagogical activity, in- thirdly, with a specification of the role of the teacher as a mentor in the personal development of gifted students.
Project Competence of a teacher of the Mari Language and Literature in the Context of Digitalization of Education: Structural and Content Analysis
Authors:   Mari State University, Toktarova Vera Ivanovna , Matrosova Natalia V. ,   Mari State University
Published: October 2023

Today, the formation of project competence is an integral part of the training of a teacher of the Mari language and literature. This characteristic reflects the ability and readiness of the teacher to lead and implement ethnocultural projects in the context of digitalization of education. The purpose of the article is to reveal and justify the concept of “project competence of a teacher of the Mari language and literature”, to determine its structure and content in the context of digitalization of education. Methodology. The methodological base of the study was made up of regulatory documents, modern works of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of digital transformation of education and project management. Theoretical, empirical and mathematical methods used in the study. Research results. The paper substantiates the significant role of project activities in the preparation of a teacher of the Mari language and literature. An overview of the definitions of “project competence” in the studies of domestic and foreign scientists is given, an analysis of their key and structural components is made. The definition of “project competence of a teacher of the Mari language and literature” is given, structural components and content are identified and described. Aspects of the influence of digitalization on the process of forming the project competence of a teacher of the Mari language and literature are displayed. The program of additional professional education “Digital projects on the Mari language and literature” is developed and proposed, its structure and content are described. In conclusion, it is concluded that project competence is an integral part of the training of a teacher of the Mari language and literature and is a complex integrated characteristic consisting of motivational, cognitive, activity, cultural and reflective components. Its formation is greatly influenced by the ongoing processes of digitalization.
The concentration of glucose in the media influences the susceptibility of stallion spermatozoa to ferroptosis
Authors: Martín-Cano Francisco E , Gaitskell-Phillips Gemma , da Silva-Álvarez Eva , Silva-Rodríguez Antonio , Castillejo-Rufo Alba , Tapia José Antonio , Gil María Cruz , Ortega-Ferrusola Cristina , Peña Fernando J
Published: October 2023

In brief

Although common in many commercial extenders, supraphysiological concentrations of glucose in the media may be detrimental to stallion spermatozoa. In this study, we present evidence that these elevated glucose levels may predispose spermatozoa to ferroptosis.

Stallion spermatozoa depend on oxidative phosphorylation as their major source of ATP; however, the metabolism of these cells is complex and a great degree of metabolic plasticity exists. The composition of the media in which the spermatozoa are extended, or exposed to in the mare’s reproductive tract, exerts a profound effect on sperm function and may even accelerate cell demise. Recent research indicates that high concentrations of glucose in the media, although common in commercial extenders, may be detrimental. To determine if supraphysiological glucose concentration may induce or predispose to ferroptosis (a caspase-independent form of programmed cell death, triggered by oxidative stress), stallion spermatozoa were incubated under different concentrations of glucose, 67 mM (HG) or 1 mM plus 10 mM pyruvate (LG-HP), in the presence or absence of known inductors of ferroptosis. Furthermore, we developed a single-cell flow metabolic assay to identify different metabolic phenotypes in spermatozoa. Storage and incubation of spermatozoa under high glucose concentrations led to an increase in the percentage of necrotic spermatozoa (P < 0.0001). Moreover, ferroptosis was induced more intensely in sperm in media with high glucose concentrations (P < 0.0001). Finally, we observed that induction of ferroptosis modified two proteins (oxoglutarate dehydrogenase and superoxide dismutase 2) in spermatozoa incubated in media containing 67 mM glucose but not in media containing 1 mM glucose and 10 mM pyruvate. The composition of the media, especially the concentration of glucose, exerts a major impact on the functionality and life span of the spermatozoa. The results reported here may pave the way for improvements in existing semen extenders.
Professional Development of Future Primary School Teachers: Enhancement of Scientific Research Activities
Authors: Fomin Kateryna
Published: October 2023

The article outlines the theoretical essence of the “students’ research activity” concept, detailing its content and fundamental methodological principles for application in a higher education institution. Innovative approaches to engaging students in research projects are introduced. The author substantiates the distinctive features and forms of cultivating future primary school teachers’ professional skills through research activities (students’ work as part of national or international grants; scientific societies, workshops, seminars (webinars), leading scientific schools; participation in scientific conferences – online or offline, research competitions, Olympiads, exhibitions, forums; participation in student scientific mobility programs, non-formal education). The importance of involving future professionals in research in the community of a city or region is emphasized, as well as stimulating them with scholarship funds and programs. The findings of the study of the state of this problem in the practice of professional training of students of the Faculty of Pedagogy are presented, including, the outcomes from the survey aimed at identifying the dynamics of the level of interest of future educators in research engagement during their 4 years of study at the university. The emphasis is placed on the importance of individualizing students' research work, increasing their motivation, intellectual culture, critical thinking, and creativity, as well as actively engaging them in national and international scientific events, and focusing on interdisciplinarity in scientific project work.
Socioeconomic Status of the Family as a Determinant of Family-School Cooperation
Authors: Mendelová Eleonóra , Gužíková Libuša Gužíková , Zelená Hana
Published: October 2023

Many factors on both the family and the school parts determine family-school cooperation. This paper presents the research results aimed at finding the relationship between family socioeconomic status and teacher cooperation at the primary level of education. The research findings present how parents rate their current cooperation with teachers at the primary level of education. The article also highlights whether there is a statistically significant association between parents' education, occupation, income and their satisfaction with the cooperation with the teacher. The research instrument was a questionnaire addressed to parents of children in primary education. The research findings were evaluated with mathematical-statistical methods: Pearson's chi-squared test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and Kruskal-Wallis’ test. The research has shown that indicators of family socioeconomic status (education, income and occupation) do not differentially affect the evaluation of family-school cooperation, which was demonstrated by statistical analysis of research findings. Parents, regardless of their socioeconomic status (SES), expressed a positive attitude towards the class teacher, their satisfaction with cooperation, and perceived teachers' efforts to develop cooperation with the child's parents. Parent-teacher cooperation impacts the child's functioning in the institutional education setting. It is of particular importance at the primary level of education. It influences the process of adaptation of students to the school environment at the beginning and later their learning success and relationship to the school.
Tablets in High School Education an Exploration of Student Perspectives in the Context of Personality Traits and Professional Preferences
Authors: Frania Monika , Skop Karolina
Published: October 2023

The relevance of the topic is due to the active implementation of tablets in educational activities, which prompts the need to consider the students’ views in Polish secondary schools, where tablets serve as effective tools at all lessons. The article presents a possible connection between personal traits and the use of electronic devices for educational purposes. The present study comprised a participant group of 55 students (29 females, 22 males, with 4 participants choosing not to declare their gender) from the High School in Bielsko Biała, Poland. Notably, this institution has adopted iPads as integral tools for all modes of instruction since 2021, encompassing individual, collaborative, and collective approaches to organize learning. The participants included young individuals aged between 16 and 19. The research was carried out by using the diagnostic survey method, as well as two psychological tests: NEO Five-Factor Inventory NEO-FFI by P.T. Costa and R.R. McCrae - Polish adaptation (Zawadzki et al., 1998) and Multidimensional Preference Questionnaire WKP (Matczak et al., 2006). As the main results showed, respondents admitted that using a tablet helps to acquire new information faster, and in this way, learning becomes more interesting and engaging. Students with a higher level of conscientiousness appreciate those aspects of using a tablet that is related to fulfilling school duties and learning. A correlation between students' academic performance and the degree of extroversion can be observed in areas where tablet the usage is intertwined with social interactions. The results also indicate a possible relationship between the perception of tablet use and the level of need for stimulation in the work/study environment.
Media Reality of Modern Education: Historiography of the Problem of Media Literacy and Media Competence
Authors: Loboda Svitlana
Published: October 2023

The modern educational paradigm exists in media reality. Accordingly, the challenges and trends of the modern educational space are formed around the problem of media literacy and media competence. The aim of the study is to analyze the best educational practices of the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom in the sphere of media literacy and media competence in order to identify the innovative potential of modern reforms, understand and realize modern processes in education, and design its future.

The research is based on the analysis of contemporary scientific and pedagogical discourse around the issue of media literacy and media competence. The study of this issue is based on a comprehensive retrospective analysis of the works of scholars from the United States, as well as Canada, the United Kingdom. The author analyzes the historiography of this issue, which reflects different stages of its development, using a complex of historiographical and historical-comparative methods and approaches.

The results of the study made it possible to identify and describe the content, focus, specificity and factors of the development of the problem of media literacy and media competence as key components of the transformation processes of the modern educational paradigm and determine the value-content orientations of scientific and pedagogical discourse.

Based on the results of the analysis of the historiography of the problem, it is concluded that the theoretical basis of the problem of media literacy and media competence is made up of pedagogical, sociological, psychological and philosophical theories; the impact of media on the formation of the individual in particular and the community in general; research on information and information-psychological security of the individual; provisions on the influence of the mass media on the formation of personal qualities and behavior; provisions on the impact of informatization on the learning process; research on psychological protection of the individual in the information environment; research on the phenomenon of information culture; concepts of personal information culture development; general scientific provisions of the theory and history of the periodical press and its influence on the formation of consciousness; a provision on the need to enrich pedagogical experience by combining the best examples of pedagogical theory and practice from different countries in order to preserve universal values, ideals and individual rights.
Una (des)ontologización del Maquiavelo de Antonio Negri
Authors: Gómez Villar Antonio
Published: October 2023

Antonio Negri busca en Maquiavelolos principios de una ontología del poderconstituyente. En este artículo sometemosa consideración crítica los modosen que Negri lee su propia teoría en losescritos del florentino. En concreto, eltránsito al antagonismo que advierte enla compleja relación entre El Príncipe ylos Discursos; la ontologización de la relaciónvirtú/fortuna; la imposibilidad de lamultitud negriana de dar cuenta del gestometonímico de la plebe maquiaveliana; yel supuesto carácter absoluto de la formarepublicana.
Privacy: between biorights and desires
Authors: Albert Márquez Marta
Published: October 2023

The article examines the evolution inthe jurisprudential construction of theright to privacy, particularly the extensionof its scope of protection to includethe effective protection of one’s own personaldevelopment.In particular, it examines this evolutionin the case law of the ECtHR and itsimpact on Spanish constitutional jurisprudence.The article suggests some problemsto which this broad understandingof privacy may give rise. The confusionbetween desires and rights and the devaluationof the latter as a legal category arefundamental aspects of the analysis.
Arithmetic Mean-Geometric Mean Inequality for Convex Fuzzy Sets
Authors: Singh Dashrath , Singh Jai N.
Published: October 2023

Convex analysis is a discipline of mathematics dedicated to the explication of the properties of convex sets and convex functions. Convex functions are extremely useful in proving many famous inequalities in mathematics. It is widely known that inequalities defined by convex functions originated with the works done by Holder and Jensen among others and applied to modeling a variety of problems both in hard and soft sciences. It is said that the arsenal of an analyst is heavily stocked with inequalities. Studies related to convexity have kept occupying a central position in almost all areas of mathematics, especially in functional analysis and operations research. Following the emergence of fuzzy set theory, fuzzy convexity alongside a number of related concepts has been explicated. However, not much has been done regarding fuzzy inequalities defined by fuzzy convexity. In this paper, a novel attempt to study arithmetic mean-geometric mean is proposed. In this short note, we provide two proofs of the arithmetic mean-geometric mean inequality for convex fuzzy sets.
Mathematics Subject Classification 2020: 03E72, and 94D05.
On the History of Venerable Onuphrius Honouring on the Lands of Ruthenia-Ukraine at the Late 18th – Throughout the 19th Century
Authors: Zabashta Rostyslav
Published: October 2023

The article highlights the general circumstances of the existence and transformation of the cult of the venerable hermit-ascetic Onufrii the Great in the national territory during the end of the 18th – 19th centuries. This historical period is characterized by the curtailment and certain changes in the forms of veneration of the named saint, and later, almost a century later, by the revitalization of the cult. The process of collapse was conditioned and triggered by both internal and external factors. Among the first, the main role was played by the administrative and organizational measures of the leadership of the national Churches (Orthodox and Union) in the first – third quarters of the 18th century, aimed at streamlining monastic service, as well as at consolidating monasteries in order to support their financial situation. As a result of these measures, a considerable number of small and medium-sized monastic settlements ceased to exist. Among the others are general church reforms introduced by the rulers of the Austro-Hungarian and Russian empires, which included Ukrainian lands; reforms that caused, in particular, the mass closure of such monastic settlements. One of the specific consequences of the reduction of the monastic form of asceticism and veneration of Onufrii the Great (monasticism was the first and for a long time the only, at least the main, medium of veneration of the holy hermit) was the «exit» of the investigated cult outside the monastery walls and its spread among a much larger number of local believers, including the common people. The latter process led, on the one hand, to its stabilization, and on the other, to a certain popularisation (folklorization). The noticeable rise of the cult fell on the last two decades of the 19th century and concerned mainly the western lands of Ukraine. These processes were initiated by the reform of the Order of Saint Basil the Great, initiated by Pope Leo XIII and supported (mainly for political reasons) by the Austrian government of that time.
Image compression module based neural network autoencoders
Authors:   NTUU ", Lesyk V.O. ,   KPI", Doroshenko А.Yu. ,   Software Systems NAS of Ukraine
Published: October 2023

A new approach is proposed to data compression in the form of a neural network module based on the structure of autoencoders, which has the most optimal learning time, compression level and obtains sufficiently clear image reconstruction. The main mechanisms for building the structure of encoder and decoder neural networks, which are used as a module, have been developed. The main data for the reconstruction were selected from the open data set Fashion-MNIST, which allows simplified testing of neural network structures, the process of their training and obtaining results. Approaches to image reproduction using neural network layers of convolution and inverse convolution are analyzed. An analysis of the impact on the quality of the resulting image reconstruction of the structure of the output module, which is used to compress the input image, was carried out. Atypical behavior was found during the increase of layers in the structure of the autoencoder, which did not lead to an increase in the quality of image reproduction. The basic necessity of changing the structural parts of the autoencoder and its application in combination with other technologies to obtain a better reproduction result and the elimination of distortions is highlighted.