bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transformatívne líderstvo a životná spokojnosť učiteľov s rôznou dĺžkou praxe
Authors: Pašková Lucia
Published: May 2022

Leadership, especially educational leadership, is one of the most frequently analyzed topics in present -day research. The Vega 1/0152/21 and APVV-17-0557 project „Psychological Approach to Creation, Implementation, and Verification of Educational Leader’s Competence Model Development“, with the support of which the paper was created, seeks to draw attention to the under -representation of psychological categories, whose role seems to be essential in effective leadership. The paper attempts to characterize the most current style of leadership – transformational leadership. The key activity of a transformational leader is based on building a relationship between himself and his followers, which can become a protective factor increasing not only work but also overall life satisfaction. The aim of the study was to analyze the inter -relationships of life satisfaction and individual types of leadership behavior, as well as to test the significance of differences in these variables depending on the length of teachers‘ practice. The research was carried out in 2020. The research group consisted of 103 elementary school teachers in central Slovakia. Transformational leadership was measured through the Leader Behavior Inventory (LPI – Kouzes & Posner, 2017) and life satisfaction was measured using the Life Satisfaction Questionnaire (Fahrenberg, 1994). The SPSS program was used to process the research data. The data were processed by correlation analysis (Spearman’s correlation coefficient), testing the significance of differences (Mann -Whitney’s – U test). The findings show that the respondents were most satisfied in the area of leisure (Mdn = 38), housing (Mdn = 37), and in the area of friendship (Mdn = 37). On the contrary, they achieved lowest life satisfaction in the area of finance (Mdn = 30) and in the area of their own children (Mdn = 30). Globally, it was found that respondents often do not use inspirational behavior with a common vision, but comparison showed that beginning teachers tend to be more inclined to use it than their experienced colleagues. The finding that respondents give significant preference to these types of leadership behavior points to the possibility of developing leadership potential among younger teachers, or directly during undergraduate training. The positive connection between transformational leadership and life satisfaction was mainly found in the area of work, friendship and the personality of employees in the school environment. It is teachers -leaders in the educational environment that focus their activities on students and mutual cooperation between them and the teachers, which can lead not only to increasing the quality of the school, but also the quality of their own lives. By developing leadership competencies, it may subsequently be possible to initiate changes in the Slovak education system.
Elicitation of functional requirements from the application programming interface documentation for functional testing
Authors: Gerlits Evgeny Anatolyevich , Kildishev Denis Stepanovich , Khoroshilov Alexey Vladimirovich
Published: May 2022

We address a common problem in this paper. The only available documentation for a computer program consists of a user API documentation while we need to identify functional requirements and build test suite to test them. We describe a technique for functional requirements elicitation from the user API documentation. Requirements management tool Requality is exploited in this technique. The tool has been used in several industrial software verification projects.
Natural Language Processing Algorithms for Understanding the Semantics of Text
Authors: Zhaxybayev Darkhan Orakbayevich , Mizamova Gulbarshyn Nurlanovna
Published: May 2022

Vector representation of words is used for various tasks of automatic processing of natural language. Many methods exist for the vector representation of words, including methods of neural networks Word2Vec and GloVe, as well as the classical method of latent semantic analysis LSA. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effectiveness of using network vector methods LSTM for non-classical pitch classification in Russian and English texts. The characteristics of vector methods of word classification (LSA, Word2Vec, GloVe) are described, the architecture of neural network classifier based on LSTM is described and vector methods of word classification are weighted, the results of experiments, computational tools and their discussion are presented. The best model for vector word representation is Word2Vec model given the training speed, smaller word corpus size for training, greater accuracy and training speed of neural network classifier.
Combined method for plagiarism detection in text documents
Authors: Safin Kamil Fanisovich , Chehovich Yury Victorovich
Published: May 2022

There are two global approaches to the problem of searching plagiarism in the text: external and intrinsic search. The first approach implies search through an external collection of documents that could have been used for text reuse. The second approach, on the contrary, does not use any external data, but analyzes the text by itself. It is proposed to combine these two approaches to speed up the search for text plagiarism. With a large flow of documents that need to be checked, the outer corpus search system processes each document and finds plagiarised blocks in each document, if there are any. However, intrinsic search could be used to determine the fact of plagiarism. Thus, it is possible to reduce the number of documents for the expensive procedure for searching for plagiarism by the outer corpus. Moreover, in an isolated analysis of a single document, there is no need to try to find specific blocks of plagiarism, this procedure is considered as a unique indicator of the originality of the document. If the overall originality is at a low level, then this document should be sent for a more detailed and accurate check. The proposed method allows to filter texts with a high rate of originality that do not need additional verification.
Evaluation of Hardware Data Compression in Interprocessor Links of Elbrus Processors
Authors: Surchenko Alexander Viktorovich
Published: May 2022

The tendency to increase core count in modern processor systems leads to a higher strain on memory subsystem. In particular, one of the most critical points in terms of throughput is interprocessor links, where bandwidth is significantly less than in processor data buses. Hardware data compression can be considered as one of the ways to increase throughput in interprocessor links, as it allows to decrease the amount of information transmitted over the links. This paper presents the evaluation of hardware data compression in interprocessor links of Elbrus processors. BΔI*-HL compression algorithm is chosen for the evaluation. The results are obtained of FPGA prototype of “Elbrus-16C” processor for the tasks of SPEC CPU2000 benchmark suite. They show that by using hardware data compression 38,0% of all data packets were compressed and that the amount of information transmitted overall has decreased by 13,4%. These results demonstrate that the use of hardware data compression in interprocessor links of Elbrus processors is justified and has potential to significantly increase memory subsystem performance.
Generalized context-dependent graph-theoretic model of folklore and literary texts
Authors: Moskin Nikolai Dmitrievich , Rogov Aleksandr Aleksandrovich , Voronov Roman Vladimirovich
Published: May 2022

One of the problems of automatic text processing is their attribution. This term is understood as the establishment of the attributes of a text work (determination of authorship, time of creation, place of recording, etc.). The article presents a generalized context-dependent graph-theoretic model designed for the analysis of folklore and literary texts. The minimal structural unit of the model (primitive) is a word. Sets of words are combined into vertices, and the same word can be related to different vertices. Edges and graph substructures reflect the lexical, syntactic and semantic links of the text. The characteristics of the model are its fuzziness, hierarchy and temporality. As examples, a hierarchical graph-theoretical model of components (on the example of literary works by A. S. Pushkin), a temporal graph-theoretic model of a fairy tale plot (on the example of Russian fairy tales by A. M. Afanasyev) and a fuzzy graph-theoretic model of «strong» connections of grammatical classes (on the example of anonymous articles from the pre-revolutionary magazines «Time», «Epoch» and the weekly «Citizen», edited by F. M. Dostoevsky). The model is built in such a way that it can be further explored using artificial intelligence methods (for example, decision trees or neural networks). For this purpose, a format for storing such data was implemented in the information system «Folklore», as well as procedures for entering, editing and analyzing texts and their graph-theoretic models.
Diagnóstico de infección del sistema nervioso central por reacción en cadena de polimerasa multiplex en tiempo real, en Colombia
Authors: Jojoa Ríos José Danilo , Rodríguez Castro María Isabel , Mejía Rivera Luis Fernando , Gómez Urrego José Fernando
Published: May 2022

La infección del sistema nervioso central es un proceso inflamatorio grave, potencialmente mortal, causado principalmente por virus y bacterias. El análisis del líquido cefalorraquídeo ayuda a su diagnóstico; la realización de la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en el líquido cefalorraquídeo es la técnica elegida para identificar el microorganismo. El objetivo del presente artículo es caracterizar los pacientes con neuroinfección diagnosticada por reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en una clínica en Cali, Colombia. Para ello, se estudiaron 11 pacientes con detección de algún microorganismo por reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en líquido cefalorraquideo, en la Fundación Clínica Infantil Club Noel. Se detectaron: Cytomegalovirus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Herpes simplex virus 1, Herpes simplex virus 2, Human herpesvirus 6, Enterovirus y Neisseria meningitidis. En 8/11 pacientes hubo cambios en la conducta terapéutica después del resultado de la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa. El comportamiento del hemoleucograma, reactantes de fase aguda y análisis del líquido cefalorraquideo fueron concordantes con lo reportado en los textos consultados dependiendo si es de causa viral o bacteriana. En conclusión, el uso de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa ayuda a detectar el agente causal de la neuroinfección y así usar tratamiento antimicrobiano dirigido.
Complicaciones postoperatorias en cirugía ginecológica laparoscópica
Authors: Mendoza Rojas Juan José , Topete Estrada Rafael , Audifred Salomon Jorge Román , Niebla Cárdenas Danniela , Medina Vera Isabel
Published: May 2022

Objetivo: Conocer las complicaciones postoperatorias en pacientes sometidas a cirugía laparoscópica ginecológica en el Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González.

Material y método: Se llevó a cabo un estudio retrospectivo observacional, efectuado en el servicio de Ginecología Laparoscópica del Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, de la Ciudad de México, donde se buscaron e incluyeron todas las pacientes sometidas a cirugía ginecológica laparoscópica (un total de 553 procedimientos laparoscópicos), y las que presentaron algún tipo de complicación quirúrgica, durante el período de enero 2014 hasta agosto 2017. Para esto se utilizó los libros de registros de procedimientos quirúrgicos de sala de operaciones, base de datos del servicio de Ginecología y los expedientes clínicos.

Resultados: Se revisaron una serie total de 553 intervenciones quirúrgicas laparoscópicas ginecológicas, un total de 27 (4.9%) pacientes experimentaron complicaciones quirúrgicas postoperatorias, todas fueron complicaciones menores, y fiebre fue la complicación más frecuente con 16 casos (2.9%), seguido por absceso pélvico/cúpula vaginal con 4 casos (0.7%) y tromboembolismo pulmonar con 3 casos (0.5%).

Se re intervinieron 3 pacientes (0.5%); y en 2 casos (0.4%) se abortó el procedimiento laparoscópico, para convertirlo en cirugía abierta.

Conclusión: nuestros resultados demuestran que las intervenciones laparoscópicas ginecológicas son seguras, y están asociadas a una baja frecuencia de complicaciones, pero que este procedimiento no está exento de presentarlas, por lo que es necesario tenerlas en cuenta, para así saber responder adecuadamente y tener resultados más satisfactorios.
Bases fisiológicas de la analgesia: Desde la modulación periférica hasta la regulación cortical
Authors: Brenes García Oscar , Rodríguez Umaña David Mauricio , Ríos Reyes María Laura
Published: May 2022

La analgesia ha sido un objetivo terapéutico a lo largo de los años, y se ha estudiado con énfasis en la capacidad propia del organismo de hacer sentir alivio parcial o total del dolor ante la presencia de estímulos nociceptivos, más específicamente en lo que se conoce como el Sistema Endógeno de Analgesia. El objetivo de esta revisión es dar un marco de las bases fisiológicas que están involucradas en este sistema y su modulación a diferentes niveles. La teoría de la compuerta sirvió durante mucho tiempo para dar un panorama básico de la modulación del dolor a nivel de la médula espinal, luego se fue complejizando hasta lo que se conoce en la actualidad. El tallo cerebral modula estos circuitos medulares mediante el sistema sustancia gris periacueductal–médula ventromedial rostral, así como otros sistemas neuronales que son noradrenérgicos y serotoninérgicos. Y finalmente, los centros superiores que participan en esta modulación del dolor se ubican en diferentes cortezas como la prefrontal, cingulada anterior y motora, y también en estructuras profundas como la amígdala. La revisión concluye con una correlación farmacológica acerca de los posibles mecanismos que podrían ser blanco de terapias en el tratamiento del dolor.
Efectos electrofisiológicos de la ranolazina ante el estiramiento cardiaco
Authors: Solera Madrigal Javier , Buján Murillo Sebastián , Solera Andara Danilo , Moya Muñoz Javier , Acuña Navas Alejandro
Published: May 2022

En condiciones fisiológicas, el estiramiento de las fibras miocárdicas ayuda a mantener el gasto cardíaco en cifras óptimas para una adecuada perfusión tisular. Sin embargo, existen patologías como la cardiomiopatía dilatada en las que se dan anomalías mecánicas y electrofisiológicas debido a un estiramiento miocárdico patológico, con la capacidad de generar arritmias cardíacas de tipo fibrilación atrial y ventricular. Ante esto, se ha visto que la ranolazina es capaz de generar un efecto protector ante el estiramiento miocárdico debido a su acción sobre los canales de Na+ tardíos, la corriente rectificadora tardía rápida de K+ (IKr) y el intercambiador Na+/Ca2+ (NCX).

Objetivos: informar sobre los efectos producidos por la ranolazina sobre la refractariedad del músculo cardíaco ante el estiramiento miocárdico y cómo esto evitaría la generación de post-despolarizaciones y el desarrollo de arritmias cardíacas.

Métodos: se buscaron artículos apropiados en MEDLINE/PubMED y EMBASE, utilizando una estrategia de búsqueda MeSH (Medical Subject Headings), además se incluyeron libros de referencia que tuvieran relación con el sistema cardiovascular.

Conclusiones: ante situaciones que produzcan un estiramiento anómalo de las fibras miocárdicas, la ranolazina podría considerarse como una opción terapéutica como agente antiarrítmico, aparte de sus ya conocidos atributos antianginosos, ya que posee la capacidad de incrementar el período refractario efectivo de los miocitos, disminuyendo la generación de potenciales de acción posdespolarización.
Caracterización de pacientes con aislamiento de Salmonella SPP. En coprocultivo en una institución pediátrica en Cali-Colombia
Authors: Contreras Sánchez Diana , Valencia Caicedo Alfonso , Gil Artunduaga Mónica Alexandra , Mejía Rivera Luis Fernando
Published: May 2022

La infección por Salmonella spp. es una importante causa de morbi-mortalidad a nivel mundial. La enteritis aguda es la forma de presentación más frecuente y es generalmente autolimitada. Este estudio tiene como objetivo determinar cuáles son las características sociodemográficas, clínicas y microbiológicas de los pacientes con aislamiento de Salmonella spp. en coprocultivo. Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo retrospectivo del 1 de enero de 2016 al 31 de marzo de 2018 en la Fundación Clinica Infantil Club Noel, en pacientes mayores de 1 mes y menores de 18 años con aislamiento de Salmonella spp. en coprocultivo. Se incluyeron 55 casos donde: el aislamiento fue más frecuente en lactantes, el síntoma predominante fue la diarrea y se inició el tratamiento con ampicilina en la mayoría de casos. Los coprocultivos fueron interpretados en un (45.5%) y el tratamiento dirigido más utilizado fue ceftriaxona. Se encontró un predominio de Salmonella spp. con patrón de resistencia Amp C y una alta resistencia específica a ampicilina (76.4%). Los lactantes fueron el grupo más afectado al igual que en textos académicos. Los síntomas fueron claves para definir el diagnóstico y el inicio de antibiótico. Se observó en los perfiles de susceptibilidad un aumento en la resistencia a betalactámicos. Se observó un sobreuso de antibióticos pese a que las recomendaciones se centran en el manejo de soporte. Las tasas de resistencias en el presente estudio fueron altas comparadas con los últimos registros nacionales. Además, se debe considerar Salmonella en el diagnóstico diferencial de EDA asociada a fiebre.
Microbiota, Epigenética y respuesta a medicamentos en el cáncer de colon
Authors: Cordero García Eugenia , Serrano Arias Bruno
Published: May 2022

El cáncer de colon es una de las principales causas de muerte a nivel mundial, en este sentido, a pesar de que se ha reducido la tasa de mortalidad, la incidencia en pacientes jóvenes sigue aumentando. El presente trabajo consiste en una revisión bibliográfica descriptiva de la relación existente entre la microbiota, la epigenética y la respuesta a medicamentos utilizados para tratar el cáncer de colon. Dicha revisión es elaborada a partir de la consulta de las bases de datos disponibles en la plataforma del Sistema de Bibliotecas, Documentación e Información (SIBDI) de la Universidad de Costa Rica. El objetivo central de este estudio es entender la relación existente entre la microbiota y la epigenética para así poder usar estos conocimientos en favor de la optimización de la terapia farmacológica y, además, predecir respuestas a medicamentos en el cáncer de colon. Se encontró evidencia que sugiere que el tipo de dieta impacta directamente en la microbiota intestinal, la cual, por su parte, puede tener un efecto pro o anti cancerígeno, dependiendo de las modificaciones epigenéticas dadas por metabolitos de estas bacterias y que pueden modificar la respuesta a la quimioterapia. Se concluye que el cáncer de colon es de origen multifactorial, por lo que se afirma que se ve afectado por eventos genéticos: la dieta, el estilo de vida, la microbiota y sus metabolitos. Finalmente, es promisorio encontrar maneras para asociar concretamente microbiota relacionada con los cambios de respuesta a medicamentos y así optimizar las terapias oncológicas.
Fístula Duodenal de difícil manejo en pediatría: Reporte de caso
Authors: Cuastumal Cuastumal María Eugenia , Chávez Betancourth Guerliz , Gómez Urrego José Fernando
Published: May 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es describir el manejo de la fístula duodenal en el paciente pediátrico, esta patología es de baja prevalencia a esta edad. Se utiliza la historia clínica del paciente durante la hospitalización, con previo consentimiento del comité de ética, se procede a la revisión del tema, utilizando los términos clínicos: fístula duodenal, fístula enterocutánea, octreótido y pediatría. Durante la revisión se reportó que el manejo de la fístula duodenal sigue siendo un desafío, y una complicación potencialmente mortal, aunque el manejo nutricional y el manejo conservador han logrado buenos resultados. Se concluye que la fístula duodenal es una patología de baja prevalencia en la edad pediátrica, el diagnóstico está basado en la historia clínica y aunque en la población adulta se ha descrito manejo no quirúrgico de la fístula duodenal, la literatura acerca de la población pediátrica sobre este manejo es escaso y los datos disponibles son muy heterogéneos. En este caso un manejo conservador logra la resolución de la fístula.
Consumo de fibra dietética en la población urbana Costarricense
Authors: Gómez Salas Georgina , Arce Rodríguez Mariana , Chinnock McNeil Anne
Published: May 2022

Resumen: El consumo de fibra dietética es esencial para la salud intestinal y se ha asociado con un menor riesgo de enfermedad coronaria, accidente cerebrovascular, hipertensión, obesidad y diabetes mellitus tipo 2. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el consumo de fibra dietética total, soluble e insoluble, según las características sociodemográficas, así como los alimentos fuente de fibra en la población urbana costarricense que formó parte del Estudio Latino Americano de Nutrición y Salud (ELANS). Con relación a la metodología, se analizó el consumo de fibra dietética total, soluble e insoluble de 798 personas de 15 a 65 años, residentes de zonas urbanas del país, mediante dos recordatorios de 24 horas. Y se identificaron los alimentos fuente de fibra en la población. De esta manera, se demostró que el consumo promedio de fibra dietética es inferior al recomendado, esto es superior en hombres y en las personas con menor índice de masa corporal y circunferencia de cintura. La principal fuente de fibra total y de fibra insoluble fueron los frijoles, mientras que el café constituye la principal fuente de fibra soluble. Se concluye que la población urbana costarricense consume una cantidad de fibra dietética inferior a la recomendada. Asimismo, resultó claro que es importante estimular el consumo de alimentos que son fuentes de fibra como, por ejemplo: los frijoles, las frutas, los vegetales y los cereales integrales, con el fin de mejorar la salud digestiva y disminuir el riesgo de enfermedades crónicas.
OPINIÓN DE LA POBLACIÓN ADULTA COSTARRICENSE SOBRE EL USO DE MEDICAMENTOS Y SUSTANCIAS NO AVALADAS COMO TERAPIA CONTRA LA COVID-19
Authors: Méndez Alfaro María Celeste , Hoffmans Cordero Esley , Marín Sánchez Kristel , Beita Rodríguez Magaly , Fallas Ramírez José Manuel
Published: May 2022

El 11 de marzo del 2020 la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) declaró una pandemia causada por la enfermedad COVID-19, provocada por el microorganismo SARS-CoV-2. La falta de tratamientos contra esta enfermedad ha llevado al uso de terapias complementarias no avaladas por parte de la población costarricense. Esto supone un problema para la salud pública. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo, establecer la opinión de la población adulta costarricense sobre el uso de las terapias complementarias no avaladas para el tratamiento contra la enfermedad COVID-19, para lo cual, se desarrolló una investigación con un enfoque mixto. Se determinó que un 64 % de la población conoce de la existencia de terapias complementarias no avaladas contra la COVID-19; la más conocida es el dióxido de cloro. Además, un 78 % de las personas encuestadas no estarían dispuestas a utilizarlas; la principal razón de esto es que no las consideran efectivas. Complementariamente, tras la entrevista a una persona que ha utilizado dióxido de cloro como prevención contra la COVID-19, se pudo profundizar en las motivaciones que tuvo para hacerlo y su experiencia en el uso. Se pudo observar un profundo arraigo de la persona entrevistada con relación a sus creencias sobre la efectividad de la terapia. Como conclusión se pudo establecer que la población adulta costarricense posee una opinión mayoritariamente desfavorable sobre el uso de terapias no avaladas para el tratamiento de esta enfermedad. No obstante, aún hay personas que confían en ellas y las utilizan a pesar de no estar aprobadas científicamente.

Palabras clave: Terapias complementarias, COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2), dióxido de cloro. Fuente: MeSH.
Holding church, academy and society together: Joanna Leidenhag in conversation with David Fergusson
Authors: Leidenhag Joanna , Fergusson David
Published: May 2022

The editorial board of Theology in Scotland wishes to mark an exceptional contribution of one of the founders of the journal, Rev Prof David Fergusson. After many years of ministry and work in Scotland, Prof Fergusson recently took up the post of Regius Professor of Divinity at the University of Cambridge, which also brought about his retirement from the editorial board. In this interview with Dr Joanna Leidenhag he shares a little of his own theological journey as well as insights into Scottish theology.
Editorial: Theology, imagination, and the arts
Authors: Toth Lina
Published: May 2022

This issue is dedicated to an exploration of the relationship between theology and imagination. The inspiration for this particular subject arose out of a desire to honour the legacy of the late Rev Prof D. W. D. Shaw, a founding member of the editorial board of Theology in Scotland and the first Editor of the journal. Included in the issue is the text of the first in a series of annual lectures given in recognition of Bill Shaw’s contribution to the field of theology in Scotland.
“Gregory of Nazianzus’ Soteriological Pneumatology” by Oliver B. Langworthy
Authors: Bray Dennis
Published: May 2022

Review of

Oliver B. Langworthy, Gregory of Nazianzus’ Soteriological Pneumatology, Studies and Texts in Antiquity and Christianity 117 (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2019), pp. xii + 187, ISBN 978-3161589515. £74.22
Imagining the Gifford Lectures: 134 not out
Authors: Birch Jonathan C. P.
Published: May 2022

This new regular feature in the journal explores the legacy of the Gifford Lectures in natural theology, which have been delivered at the ancient Scottish universities since 1888. Not only do the lectures present a fascinating picture of various issues and subjects which have shaped and highlighted the intellectual landscape in Scotland and beyond for the past 134 years, but they also offer an opportunity for a renewed engagement with their topics and presenters. Dr Jonathan Birch introduces the lectures, their founder, and one of the contributors, Baroness Mary Warnock, whose 1992 lectures on imagination and understanding speak directly to the theme of this issue.
Almost complex structures on coframe bundle with Cheeger-Gromoll metric
Authors: SALİMOV Arif , FATTAYEV Habil
Published: May 2022

In this paper we introduce several almost complex structures compatible with Cheeger-Gromoll metric on the coframe bundle and investigate their integrability conditions.
Estimation of entropies on time scales by Lidstone's interpolation using Csiszár-type functional
Authors: ANSARİ Iqrar , KHAN Khuram Ali , NOSHEEN Ammara , PECARİC Dilda , PECARİC Josip
Published: May 2022

The inequality containing Csiszár divergence on time scales is generalized for 2n2n-convex functions by using Lidstone interpolating polnomial. As an application, new entropic bounds on time scales are also computed. Several inequalities in quantum calculus and hh-discrete calculus are also established. The relationship between Shannon entropy, Kullback-Leibler divergence and Jeffreys distance with Zipf-Mandelbrot entropy are also established.
Edukacja międzykulturowa – od lokalnychsukcesów ku globalnym przesłaniom i oddziaływaniom
Authors: Lewowicki Tadeusz
Published: May 2022

The experiences of multicultural education evince its ambiguous effects. On one hand, it enables lasting of cultures and maintaining the identity of different minority groups (national, ethnic, cultural minorities). On the other hand, such education often hinders social integration and enhances stigmatization or self-stigmatization. Therefore, what seems to be a much better solution is intercultural education, which both provides chances for preservation and development of particular cultures and facilitates mutual familiarization and closer contacts between different groups (communities) and their cultures. This is confirmed by relatively numerous experiences of intercultural education in Poland and some neighbouring countries.However, the ideas and practices of intercultural education are still poorly known and understood by the Polish and many other societies. This occurs particularly in the communities disturbed by conflicts and experiencing problems with the recognition and respect for national, ethnic, cultural, religious or even racial unlikeness. Such situation encourages promoting the assumptions and good examples of intercultural education as well as specifying characteristic strategies of transmission which would take into account the determinants of life stories of people living in various regions of the world. The mission of education is, among other things, enhancing the peaceful and happy life in the multicultural world.
Health Status and Political Corruption: a Comparative Study
Authors:   School of Public Affairs Penn State Harrisburg Middletown PA 17057, A. Peterson Steven
Published: May 2022

There is a relatively small but important research oeuvre in the biological study of comparative and international politics. This essay is situated within that literature. One significant issue in comparative politics is corruption—its causes, its consequences, and remediation. This study focuses on the first point with a focus on a biosocial variable that might be at work. Prior research has suggested that health status of a nation affects extent of democratization, electoral integrity, and fragility of states. In no case is health status the dominant predictor. Given its relationship with those three aspects of a polity, this paper examines the effect of health status on corruption across states. Given prior results, there is good reason to hypothesize that as health status increases, states are less apt to have high rates of corruption. The base for this analysis comprises data on over 150 nations. Among the variables as part of that data set are health status and corruption. Results are reported and discussion centers on the meaning of the data and what the implications might be.
El ritual fotográfico: fotografía y naturaleza en Colombia alrededor de 1900
Authors:   Bern Universität, Cocoma Carlos Rojas
Published: May 2022

Photographs of nature in Colombia around 1900 were to a large extent the first images that were taken of regions and populations. Therefore, despite the difficulty of being interpreted as documents, they allow us to understand ways of looking and analyzing, positioning and conditioning the landscapes represented. Based on intensive research in various public and private archives, is presented an analysis of the connections between landscape, nature and photography in Colombia. Through a semiological analysis, I seek to understand the way in which nature, an invisible element devoid of temporality, found its meaning and its own stylistic identity through photography.
Smart Maps Indonesia Based on Augmented Reality as Digital Learning Resources of Social Studies
Authors:   Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Saripudin Didin , Ratmaningsih Neiny , Noor Anggraini Diana
Published: May 2022

This research develops AR in the form of Smart Indonesia Maps, which display information about natural features, geography, flora and fauna, culture, and social life on Indonesian islands in real-time. The objective of this research was to develop an AR-based Smart Indonesia Maps model as a digital learning resource in social studies learning. Embracing a Research and Development model has completed the preliminary field-testing stage of all ten stages of research. Limited trials were undertaken at state/private junior high schools in Bandung City, Bandung Regency, and West Bandung Regency, West Java Province, Indonesia, with the students and teachers as the research subjects. The data collection techniques included observation, interviews, document studies, focus group discussions, and attitude scale questionnaires. The results demonstrate that: Smart Indonesia Maps consist of main material objects by revealing the culture of the five major islands in Indonesia. The production of the model constituted three stages, namely pre-production, production, and post-production. The model was quite effective in fostering student critical thinking and creativity.
Regional determinants of low carbon transition in Russian companies: the impact of human capital and digitalization on corporate carbon management practices
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Chernenko Ilia M. , Kelchevskaya Natalya R. ,   Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Pelymskaya Irina S. ,   Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation
Published: May 2022

Objective. The purpose of this article is to identify the regional determinants of the low carbon transition in Russian companies. These determinants are related to human capital and digital technologies development in local economic ecosystems. Methods. The study relies on linear regression methods and examines the impact of education, wages, the use of the broadband Internet, cloud technologies and ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) systems in Russian regions on companies’ motivation to manage their carbon dioxide emissions. Results. The results show that human capital has an ambiguous effect on the behavior of companies that support the low carbon transition. On the contrary, the digitalization of regions is significantly and positively associated with the implementation of environmental and energy management practices in Russian companies, especially among service companies. Conclusion. Low carbon transition is becoming an essential component of the national development strategy, as climate resilience issues directly affect the economic performance of production systems. The study considers two types of factors that influence the implementation of management practices for the low-carbon transition: these are human capital and the digitalization of regions.
The limits of discretion in the investigation and prosecution of war crimes at the international level: The Mavi Marmara saga
Authors: Billis Emmanouil
Published: May 2022

The article deals with the basic criteria involved in the selection of situations to be investigated and cases to be prosecuted before the International Criminal Court. These are examined in light of the goals of international criminal justice and the structural and evidentiary difficulties encountered by judicial mechanisms of international mission and composition. The analysis focuses on the limits of prosecutorial discretion at the level of international criminal justice. The Mavi Marmaraship incident is used hereto as a key point of reference.
Then Comes the Evening
Authors: Novakovic Maja
Published: May 2022

Set amid the remote hills of Eastern Bosnia, THEN COMES THE EVENING provides a quiet meditation on the seemingly uncomplicated pastoral lives of two women. Through simple and precise composition with attention to light and texture, the mundane details of their lives are rendered with the tactile richness of an oil painting. Their every action and word is infused with ceremony, ritual, and intangible cultural heritage in this intimate yet epic examination of how nature and humanity interact.
Sweet Tassa: Music of the Indian Caribbean Diaspora
Authors: Ballengee Christopher L
Published: May 2022

Sweet Tassa: Music of the Indian Caribbean Diaspora details the history, repertoire, and socio-political significance of tassa drumming in Trinidad & Tobago. The film profiles the life and work of noted tassa drummer Lenny Kumar and his family while also developing the notion of tassa performance practice as a metaphor for Indian Trinidadian cultural and national identity. In the process, the film traces tassa’s movement from India to the Caribbean, summarizes its transformation in diaspora, and speculates about its future.

Proceeding from analysis of tassa repertoire in Muslim and Hindu performance contexts, the film explores tassa’s physical and conceptual transformations in diaspora and the ongoing push to make tassa a co-national instrument alongside steel pan. In this regard, interviewees discuss the implication of tassa as “foreign”—despite more than 150 years of Indian presence in the Caribbean—and therefore unsuitable as a co-national instrument alongside steel pan. The film’s conclusion emphasizes tassa as an encapsulation of Indian identity: tassa’s performance contexts and performance practice signal India as a place of origin. Yet these very same aspects, by virtue of their persistence in diaspora, equally signal Trinidad and Tobago as home.
Content validation in concepts of management and managerial practices in Nursing
Authors: Meneses Abel Silva de , Cunha Isabel Cristina Kowal Olm
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Objectives: to define and validate 37 concepts emanating from the epistemology of knowledge about Nursing Administration. Methods: theoretical-methodological study using the Delphi technique in 37 concepts and definitions built on the knowledge of more than half a century of research on Nursing Administration. The concepts were submitted to the judgment of a panel of 21 judges and the validation was measured by the content validity index (> 0.78) and Kappa coefficient (> 0.61). Results: enunciation of 37 concepts and definitions capable of reflecting the knowledge about Nursing Administration. The 37 concepts were validated by the judges, resulting in content validity indices that ranged from 0.81 to 1.00, with reliability higher than 0.79. Conclusions: the epistemological solution presented was validated by the judges with indices above 0.80 and high reliability of universal agreement, constituting a new object of ontological understanding for the scientific nursing community.
Continuity of care for children with chronic conditions after discharge: a constructivist grounded theory
Authors: Cechinel-Peiter Caroline , Lanzoni Gabriela Marcellino de Melo , Neves Eliane Tatsch , Baggio Maria Aparecida , Oelke Nelly Donszelmann , Santos José Luís Guedes dos
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Objectives: to understand the meaning of continuity of care for children with chronic conditions through transitional care from hospital to home. Methods: this is a qualitative study, conducted from a Constructivist Grounded Theory perspective. Purposive and theoretical sampling were used to recruit 35 participants, including nurses, professionals from the interprofessional hospital team, and actors responsible for healthcare in the home context. The research was conducted at two large hospitals, between March and September 2019. Semi-structured interviews were conducted. Data analysis was carried out using initial and focused coding, according to constructivist grounded theory. Results: the substantive theory that emerged from this study was named “Postponing the next hospitalization”. Eight categories-concepts and 18 elements were derived from the data to support the substantive theory. Final Considerations: transitional care from hospital to home acts as a reminder for the resumption of continuity of care after discharge.
Tromboprofilaxia na cirurgia de varizes dos membros inferiores no Brasil
Authors: Ribeiro Alcides José Araújo , Mendes-Pinto Daniel , Erzinger Fabiano Luiz , Fiorelli Rossano Kepler Alvim , Fiorelli Stênio Karlos Alvim , Ribeiro Andrea Campos de Oliveira , Marques Marcos Arêas
Published: May 2022

Resumo Contexto Apesar de todo o investimento na profilaxia primária do tromboembolismo venoso (TEV) em pacientes cirúrgicos nos últimos anos, ainda não existem diretrizes específicas para aqueles que serão submetidos a procedimentos para tratamento de varizes de membros inferiores. Objetivos Avaliar o perfil de conduta de profilaxia do TEV pelos cirurgiões vasculares brasileiros para procedimentos de tratamento de varizes de membros inferiores. Métodos Pesquisa de levantamento por envio de questionário eletrônico a cirurgiões vasculares brasileiros. Os respondentes foram divididos entre os que realizam tratamento de veias safenas por cirurgia convencional e os que realizam termoablação para fim de comparação entre os grupos. Resultados Entre os 765 respondentes, o tratamento de escolha das veias safenas foi a cirurgia convencional para 405 (53%), espuma ecoguiada para 44 (6%) e termoablação (endolaser ou radiofrequência) para 199 (26%). Os cirurgiões que realizam termoablação prescrevem mais farmacoprofilaxia após o procedimento que aqueles que preferem cirurgia convencional (67/199, 34% vs. 112/405, 28%; p = 0,002). O grupo termoablação estratifica o paciente quanto ao risco de TEV com mais frequência que o grupo cirurgia convencional (102/199, 51% vs. 179/405, 44%; p =0,004). Ambos os grupos usam mais frequentemente enoxaparina como medicação para profilaxia, porém o grupo termoablação usa mais anticoagulantes orais diretos proporcionalmente que o grupo cirurgia convencional (26% vs. 10%, p < 0,001). Conclusões Cirurgiões vasculares brasileiros que fizeram o tratamento de veias safenas por termoablação prescrevem farmacoprofilaxia com maior frequência e por um período mais prolongado do que os que realizaram o tratamento por cirurgia convencional.
As relações interorganizacionais na perspectiva da estratégia como prática social
Authors: MOZZATO ANELISE REBELATO , GRZYBOVSKI DENIZE , FRITZ FILHO LUIZ FERNANDO
Published: May 2022

Resumo Este ensaio teórico tem como objetivo refletir sobre as relações interorganizacionais (RIOs) com base na estratégia como prática social (EPS), contribuindo para o debate acerca da necessidade de considerar racionalidades alternativas à instrumental também nos estudos a respeito de estratégias interorganizacionais. Para tanto, resgatam-se pressupostos teóricos críticos da estratégia e dos estudos organizacionais. Parte-se da ideia de que as RIOs se dão no cotidiano, por meio das interações entre os diferentes agentes, considerando a análise dos microprocessos inerentes e complementares às análises em nível meso e macro. A justificativa é que a racionalidade instrumental inerente à ciência social dominante no Ocidente, tradicionalmente usada para explicar as RIOs, não é suficiente para contemplar o debate no campo das estratégias interorganizacionais, de forma a considerar o contexto social e o pensamento decolonial, que requerem um olhar para além do utilitarismo econômico.
Plataformização da pele? Tatuagens biométricas, dataísmo e a datificação do consumidor
Authors: OLIVEIRA RENATA COUTO DE AZEVEDO DE
Published: May 2022

Resumo Este ensaio teórico parte da possibilidade da plataformização da pele pelo uso de tatuagens biométricas a fim de analisar os riscos iminentes do consumo de wearables e de seu marketing biopolítico no contexto do capitalismo comunicativo. Aborda-se o tema sob uma perspectiva crítica que vai além da retórica de marketing que foca no aperfeiçoamento individual e no cuidado de si mediante a datificação do consumidor. Objetiva-se, com isso, superar a opacidade dos sistemas tecnológicos associados às tecnologias de comunicação e informação. Discute-se sobre os desdobramentos do marketing biopolítico ligado ao consumo de wearables, como a formação de perfis, informados por uma governamentalidade baseada na crença do dataísmo, que fomenta mercados de verdade objetiva com base na captação de análise de uma quantidade massiva de dados (big data), captados pelas plataformas e por wearables. Conclui-se que o consumo de wearables relacionados com a plataformização da economia, a datificação e o dataísmo oferece riscos à privacidade e à democracia, sobretudo em contextos como o pandêmico, no qual a dependência das tecnologias de comunicação e informação se evidencia.
Empresariando a informalidade: um debate teórico à luz da gig economy
Authors: VACLAVIK MARCIA CRISTIANE , OLTRAMARI ANDREA POLETO , OLIVEIRA SIDINEI ROCHA DE
Published: May 2022

Resumo É inegável a importância econômica e social do trabalho informal como característica histórica do mercado de trabalho brasileiro. Neste ensaio, ao articular os eixos da informalidade e dos mercados laborais digitais, típicos da gig economy, defende-se a tese do “empresariamento da informalidade”, em que grandes empresas passam a mediar relações por meio de plataformas on-line, utilizando o trabalho informal. Esse fenômeno reorganiza e amplifica a informalidade, criando um novo estatuto laboral em que são mescladas características de atividade formal, como controle, avaliação de desempenho e incentivos financeiros, e informal, pela natureza autônoma e pela falta de vínculos trabalhistas. No Brasil, meios de alocação de mão de obra mediados por aplicativos têm crescido substancialmente, reforçando a necessidade de investigação teórica e empírica do fenômeno.
Critical consciousness and resistance: Freirean reflections on the agroecology movement formation in Araponga, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: Naves Flávia , Fontoura Yuna
Published: May 2022

Abstract The agroecology movement has become the most relevant resistance to agribusiness in Brazil in recent decades. Grounded on Paulo Freire’s liberating education and critical consciousness theories, we aimed to contribute to Organization Studies (OS) on rural social movements by unveiling the case of the agroecology movement in Araponga, Minas Gerais, Brazil, in its formation phase. We asked: How does the beginning of the trajectory of the agroecology movement in Araponga, Minas Gerais, help us reflect on the construction of the protagonism of the oppressed? Through this case, we highlight that to overcome oppressive relationships, small-scale family farming and peasants/rural workers had to first identify themselves under an oppressive system to which they have been historically submitted. Acknowledging their authenticity and autonomous mechanisms of land access were central to developing new forms of production and redefining their identities. Thus, the second important moment is the pedagogy of women and men in a continuous and permanent process of liberation. Hence, the collective identity and resistance building in the agroecology movement in Araponga arose through farmers and rural workers’ struggle and through their self-recognition as a humanized, critical, free, and autonomous people. This reflects the ‘action-reflection-action’ process of collective and horizontal learning where everyone is both educator and learner simultaneously. From this paper, we encourage more reflections in OS on rural movements through the Freirean approach.
Os Jogos Olímpicos de Tóquio 2020: impactos da COVID-19 e da transformação digital
Authors: RUSSO EDUARDO , FIGUEIRA ARIANE RODER , KOGUT CLARICE SECCHES , MELLO RENATO DOURADO COTTA DE
Published: May 2022

Resumo Os Jogos Olímpicos têm sido responsáveis por movimentar, ao longo das suas edições de inverno e verão, bilhões de dólares em investimentos diretos e indiretos nas cidades sede por onde passam, deixando assim legados tangíveis e intangíveis que, se bem aproveitados, podem promover significativas transformações no cotidiano das sociedades. Pela primeira vez na era moderna dos Jogos Olímpicos, no início de 2020, esse ciclo teve que ser adiado por conta da Pandemia da COVID-19 que deixou, até julho de 2021 mais de 4 milhões de mortos no mundo. O caso coloca o leitor no papel de Hiroto Nakami, então Presidente do Comitê Organizador dos Jogos Olímpicos de Tóquio 2020, para resolver os entraves operacionais e possibilitar a criação de um modelo de Jogos Olímpicos digitais de sucesso, ainda que a portas fechadas. Para tal, será necessário avaliar os limitadores financeiros e tecnológicos, de forma a avaliar os impactos e legados dessas ações para o evento e o ambiente de negócios locais. O caso é indicado para estudantes de cursos de graduação e pós-graduação multidisciplinares interessados em discutir temas e conceitos ligados à área de planejamento estratégico, gestão de crises, grandes eventos, e transformação digital.