bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Schmidt Reaction on 2‐Aryl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydro‐4‐quinolone.
Authors: TOEKES A. L. , LITKEI G.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Tris(trimethylsilyl)silylamine and the Lithiated and Silylated Derivatives. X‐Ray Structure of the Dimeric Lithium Trimethylsilyl‐( tris(trimethylsilyl)silyl)amide.
Authors: WESTERHAUSEN M. , SCHWARZ W.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and HIV‐1 Reverse Transcriptase Inhibition Activity of Functionalized Pyrophosphate Analogues
Authors: MCKENNA C. E. , KHARE A. , JU J.‐Y. , LI Z.‐M. , DUNCAN G. , CHENG Y.‐C. , KILKUSKIE R.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Photochemical Behavior and cis/trans Isomerization of 1‐(2, 4,6‐Triisopropylphenyl)‐2‐(2,4,6‐tri‐tert‐butylphenyl)diphosphene.
Authors: KOMEN C. M. D. , DE KANTER F. J. J. , GOEDE S. J. , BICKELHAUPT F.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Heterobifunctional Phosphorus‐Nitrogen Compounds: Iminophosphoranophosphines and Their Complexes
Authors: CAVELL R. G. , REED R. W. , KATTI K. V. , BALAKRISHNA M. S. , COLLINS P. W. , MOZOL V. , BARTZ I.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Dichlorocarbene with Some Organo‐Phosphorus Compounds in Low Coordination States
Authors: YOSHIFUJI M. , TOYOTA K. , YOSHIMURA H.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on Organophosphorus Compounds. Part 56. New Reaction of Dialkyl Phosphites with 2‐Nitrostyrene Derivatives. A Facile Route to N‐Hydroxy‐3‐indole Phosphonates and Indol‐2‐one Phosphonates.
Authors: WANG G. , YUAN C.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Organophosphorus Compounds. Part 62. The Mediated Cyclooligomerization of Phosphaalkynes ‐ New Aspects in the Synthesis of Polycyclic Phosphorus Compounds
Authors: REGITZ M. , WETTLING T. , BREIT B. , BIRKEL M. , GEISSLER B. , BERGSTRAESSER U. , BARTH S. , BINGER P.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Stability of Carbenic and Alkenic Phosphorus Environments
Authors: BURFORD N. , LOSIER P. , MASON S. , ROYAN B. W. , SPENCE R. E. VON H. , BAKSHI P. K. , BORECKA B. , CAMERON T. S. , RICHARDSON J. F. , ROGERS R. D.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on Phosphenium Cations
Authors: ZHANG J. , HUANG T. , LU H.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Single Crystal X‐Ray Diffraction Study of Some Fluorophosphites and Phosphite Esters.
Authors: MEYER T. G. , FISCHER A. , JONES P. G. , SCHMUTZLER R.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Repetitive Synthesis of Bulky Dendrimers ‐ A Reversibly Photoactive Dendrimer with Six Azobenzene Side Chains.
Authors: MEKELBURGER H.‐B. , RISSANEN K. , VOEGTLE F.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Synthetic Ways to P‐Aspartic Acid Derivatives
Authors: KELLNER K. , PREUSSLER C. , SCHNEPP K.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Unsaturated α‐Amino Acids Using the Ramberg‐ Baecklund Reaction.
Authors: GUO Z.‐X. , SCHAEFFER M. J. , TAYLOR R. J. K.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions with and in Anhydrous Hydrogen Fluoride Systems. Part 8. Triethylamine Trishydrofluoride. A Convenient Reagent for the Stereoselective Synthesis of Glcosyl Fluorides.
Authors: MIETHCHEN R. , KOLP G.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: EPSP Synthase: The Design and Synthesis of Bisubstrate Inhibitors Incorporating Novel 3‐Phosphate Mimics
Authors: SIKORSKI J. A. , MILLER M. J. , BRACCOLINO D. S. , CLEARY D. G. , COREY S. D. , FONT J. L. , GRUYS K. J. , HAN C. Y. , LIN K.‐C. , PANSEGRAU P. D. , REAM J. E. , SCHNUR D. , SHAH A. , WALKER M. C.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: In situ IR Reflection Absorption Spectroscopy for Studies of Atmospheric Corrosion.
Authors: PERSSON D. , LEYGRAF C.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses and Biological Activities of Potent Potassium Channel Openers Derived from (.+‐.)‐2‐Oxo‐1‐pyridin‐3‐ylcyclohexanecarbothioic Acid Methylamide: New Potassium Channel Openers.
Authors: BROWN T. J. , CHAPMAN R. F. , MASON J. S. , PALFREYMAN M. N. , VICKER N. , WALSH R. J. A.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Fullerenes Formation in Flames
Authors: HOWARD J. B.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Drugs. Scale‐up, Control, and Their Consequence for Pharmaceutical Research
Authors: FEDERSEL H.‐J.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Intercalation Models for the Interaction of Cytostatic Drugs with B‐ DNA
Authors: PINDUR U. , HABER M. , SATTLER K.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrothermal Vaporization for Sample Introduction in Plasma Source Spectrometry
Authors: CAREY J. M. , CARUSO J. A.
Published: September 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure Change via Partial Se/Te Substitution: Crystal Structure and Physical Properties of the Telluride Ba2Cu4‐xTe5 in Contrast to the Selenide‐Telluride Ba2Cu4‐xSeyTe5‐y.
Authors: Mayasree Oottil , Cui Yanjie , Assoud Abdeljalil , Kleinke Holger
Published: September 2010

Ba2Cu4‐xSeyTe5‐y (0.67 ≤ x ≤ 0.81; 0.13 ≤ y ≤ 1.0) are synthesized from stoichiometric mixtures of the elements (silica tubes, 700 °C, 4 d followed by annealing at 600 °C for 20 d) and characterized by single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: BaM(BS3)S (M: Sb, Bi): Two New Thioborate Compounds with One‐Dimensional Polymeric Chain Structure.
Authors: Geng Lei , Cheng Wen‐Dan , Zhang Wei‐Long , Lin Chen‐Sheng , Zhang Hao , Li Ye‐Yu , He Zhang‐Zhen
Published: September 2010

The title compounds are prepared by solid state reactions of BaS, Bi (or Sb), B, and S in the molar ratios of 1:1:1:3 (graphite crucibles, 1100 K, 10 h) and characterized by single crystal XRD, UV/VIS spectroscopy, and DFT electronic structure calculations.
ChemInform Abstract: From C2‐ to D2‐Symmetric: Atropos Phosphoramidites with a D2‐Symmetric Backbone as Highly Efficient Ligands in Cu‐ Catalyzed Conjugate Additions.
Authors: Zhang Hui , Fang Fang , Xie Fang , Yu Han , Yang Guoqiang , Zhang Wanbin
Published: September 2010

The axially chiral phosphoramidites (I) afford similar yields and enantioselectivities in the transformations tested.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Chiral Thiazoline Ligands Tethered to a Sulfur Function and First Immobilization of a Thiazoline‐Ligand.
Authors: Abrunhosa‐Thomas Isabelle , Betz Alexander , Denance Mickael , Dez Isabelle , Gaumont Annie‐Claude , Gulea Mihaela
Published: September 2010

A new family of thiazoline ligands tethered to a sulfanyl or sulfinyl group (I) is synthesized and examined for its ability to effect asymmetric induction in the Pd‐catalyzed allylic substitution reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: In situ Generated Bulky Palladium Hydride Complexes as Catalysts for the Efficient Isomerization of Olefins. Selective Transformation of Terminal Alkenes to 2‐Alkenes.
Authors: Gauthier Delphine , Lindhardt Anders T. , Olsen Esben P. K. , Overgaard Jacob , Skrydstrup Troels
Published: September 2010

The catalyst system is composed of a 1:1:1 mixture of Pd(dba)2, tBu3P, and isobutyryl chloride.
ChemInform Abstract: Use of Aryl Chlorides as Electrophiles in Pd‐Catalyzed Alkene Difunctionalization Reactions.
Authors: Rosen Brandon R. , Ney Joshua E. , Wolfe John P.
Published: September 2010

An efficient method to prepare pyrrolidines, pyrazolidines, isoxazolidines, imidazolidinones, and tetrahydrofurans is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Sulfonylation‐Induced N‐ to O‐Acetyl Migration in 2‐Acetamidoethanol Derivatives.
Authors: Yamaguchi Takao , Hesek Dusan , Lee Mijoon , Oliver Allen G. , Mobashery Shahriar
Published: September 2010

Under sulfonylation conditions various 2‐acetamidoethanol derivatives are found to undergo N‐ to O‐acetyl migration giving O‐acetylated and N‐sulfonylated products like (III), (V), (IX), and (XIV).
ChemInform Abstract: From Carboxylic Acids to the Trifluoromethyl Group Using BrF3.
Authors: Cohen Or , Mishani Eyal , Rozen Shlomo
Published: September 2010

A range of aromatic (V) and aliphatic CF3‐containing derivatives, e.g. (XI), is prepared by conversion of the corresponding carboxylic acids into dithioesters and subsequent S→F exchange reaction with bromine trifluoride under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkylation and Aldol Reactions of Acyl Derivatives of N‐1‐(1′‐Naphthyl)ethyl‐O‐tert‐butylhydroxylamine: Asymmetric Synthesis of α‐Alkoxy‐, α‐Substituted‐β‐alkoxy‐ and α,β‐Dialkoxyaldehydes.
Authors: Chernega Alexander N. , Davies Stephen G. , Flechter Ai M. , Goodwin Christopher J. , Hepworth David , Prasad R. Shyam , Roberts Paul M. , Savory Edward D. , Smith Andrew D. , Thomson James E.
Published: September 2010

The presence of 18‐crown‐6 and a temperature of ‐78°C are beneficial in these reactions to suppress enolate rearrangement.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Cleavage of Phenolic tert‐Butyldimethylsilyl Ethers Using Simple Organic Nitrogen Bases.
Authors: Zhu Jian Rong , Xue Ji Jun , Li Wen Ze , Chen Xue Song , Li Ying
Published: September 2010

The process works best under the optimized conditions A).
ChemInform Abstract: A New Structural Motif for Bifunctional Broensted Acid/Base Organocatalysis.
Authors: Wakchaure Vijay N. , List Benjamin
Published: September 2010

Acid/base catalyst (S)‐BINAM can be used in highly enantioselective alcoholytic desymmetrizations of meso‐anhydrides.
ChemInform Abstract: Construction of Polysubstituted Olefins Through Ni‐Catalyzed Direct Activation of Alkenyl C—O of Substituted Alkenyl Acetates.
Authors: Sun Chang‐Liang , Wang Yang , Zhou Xiao , Wu Zhen‐Hua , Li Bi‐Jie , Guan Bing‐Tao , Shi Zhang‐Jie
Published: September 2010

Suzuki—Miyaura cross coupling of alkenyl carboxylates with arylboroxines represents a new efficient access towards polysubstituted styrene and stilbene derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of (E)‐α‐Haloenones Through Chemoselective Alkyne Activation over Allene with Triazole—Au Catalysts.
Authors: Wang Dawei , Ye Xiaohan , Shi Xiaodong
Published: September 2010

The reaction proceeds with internal aromatic and aliphatic alkynes, whereas terminal ones fail.
ChemInform Abstract: Bromination of Aromatic Compounds Using Ammonium Bromide and Oxone®.
Authors: Kumar Macharla Arun , Rohitha Chozhiyath Nappunni , Kulkarni Shivanand Janardhan , Narender Nama
Published: September 2010

The reaction is investigated in methanol and water.
ChemInform Abstract: Zn(NO3) 2·6H2O/2,4,6‐Trichloro‐1,3,5‐triazine (TCT) a Mild and Selective System for Nitration of Phenols.
Authors: Nemati Firouzeh , Kiani Hossein
Published: September 2010

The ortho‐nitro products arise exclusively in good to excellent yields.
ChemInform Abstract: 1‐Decanethiol, a New Reagent for the Odorless Deprotection of Aryl Methyl Ethers.
Authors: Kale Bhima , Shinde Ananta , Sonar Swapnil , Shingate Bapurao , Kumar Sanjeev , Ghosh Samir , Venugopal Soodamani , Shingare Murlidhar
Published: September 2010

The practical method allows an essentially odorless aqueous work‐up.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidation of Alkynes in Aqueous Media Catalyzed by Diphenyl Diselenide.
Authors: Santoro Stefano , Battistelli Benedetta , Gjoka Blerina , Si Chun‐wing Steven , Testaferri Lorenzo , Tiecco Marcello , Santi Claudio
Published: September 2010

An unprecedented transformation is discovered under conditions A).
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Ethyl α‐Bromo‐α‐fluoroacetate with Arylboronic Acids: Facile Synthesis of α‐Aryl‐α‐fluoroacetates.
Authors: Guo Chen , Yue Xuyi , Qing Feng‐Ling
Published: September 2010

Generally, PPh3 is found to be the ligand of choice for the preparation of the potentially bioactive products (24 examples) in moderate to good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Amine‐Substituted Aryl Sulfides and Benzo[b]thiophene Derivatives.
Authors: Duan Zhongyu , Ranjit Sadananda , Liu Xiaogang
Published: September 2010

Cross coupling of nitroaryl chlorides with various aromatic and aliphatic thiols proceeds smoothly under metal‐free conditions to give the corresponding sulfides, e.g. (III), (V) or (VII), with concomitant reduction of the nitro group.
ChemInform Abstract: A Cyclobutene‐1,2‐bis(imidazolium) Salt as Efficient Precursor of Palladium‐Catalyzed Room‐Temperature Suzuki—Miyaura Reactions.
Authors: Rahimi Alireza , Schmidt Andreas
Published: September 2010

Aryl bromides, iodides and chlorides are transformed to biaryls or terphenyls with generally excellent yields in a short time.
ChemInform Abstract: Radical Amination with Trimethylstannylated Benzophenone Imine.
Authors: Lamas Marie‐Celine , Vaillard Santiago E. , Wibbeling Birgit , Studer Armido
Published: September 2010

Amination reaction of a variety of primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl radicals using the title imine (II) and tBuOOtBu as an initiator affords the imines in good yields, but in many cases they decompose on purification.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structures, and Physical Properties of Benzo[k]fluoranthene‐Based Linear Acenes.
Authors: Kung Yun‐Hua , Cheng Yu‐Sung , Tai Chia‐Cheng , Liu Wei‐Szu , Shin Chien‐Chueh , Ma Chih‐Chung , Tsai Yi‐Chan , Wu Tsun‐Cheng , Kuo Ming‐Yu , Wu Yao‐Ting
Published: September 2010

Pd‐catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of dialkynylnaphthalene derivatives with iodobenzene or diiodobenzene derivatives provides access to a wide range of title benzofluoranthene‐based linear acenes, e.g. (III), (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot, Pd‐Catalyzed Synthesis of trans‐Dihydrobenzofurans from o‐Aminophenols.
Authors: Coy B. Ericsson D. , Jovanovic Ljubisa , Sefkow Michael
Published: September 2010

The reaction proceeds via diazotization and is applied to a variety of substituted aminophenols [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of 2‐Benzylidene‐3‐methyl‐4‐nitro‐2,5‐dihydrothiophene 1,1‐Dioxide with CH Acids.
Authors: Berestovitskaya V. M. , Selivanova M. V. , Vakulenko M. I. , Efremova I. E. , Berkova G. A.
Published: September 2010

The title compound (I) reacts with acyclic CH acids according the 1,4‐addition pattern, whereas reactions with cyclohexane‐1,3‐dione and dimedone are complicated by subsequent intramolecular heterocyclization yielding thieno[3,2‐b]chromene derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on Novel Synthetic Methodologies. Part 283. An Efficient New Method for the Synthesis of Polysubstituted Pyrroles.
Authors: Das Biswanath , Reddy Gandolla Chinna , Balasubramanyam Penagaluri , Veeranjaneyulu Boyapati
Published: September 2010

A simple procedure using FeCl3 as catalyst is developed for the three‐component reaction of bromoketones, amines and dialkyl acetylene dicarboxylate.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure, and Antibacterial Evaluation of New N‐Substituted‐3‐amino‐5‐oxo‐4‐phenyl‐2,5‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrazole‐1‐carbothio amides.
Authors: Pitucha Monika , Mazur Liliana , Kosikowska Urszula , Pachuta‐Stec Anna , Malm Anna , Popiolek Lukasz , Rzaczynska Zofia
Published: September 2010

The title compounds (IV) and (VI) are synthesized via two methods.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Spiropyrans as Building Blocks for Molecular Switches and Dyads.
Authors: Beyer Christoph , Wagenknecht Hans‐Achim
Published: September 2010

Ultrasound‐mediated coupling of indole derivatives (IV) and (VII) with salicylaldehydes allows an improved access to spiropyrans like (VI) and (VIII).
ChemInform Abstract: Piperidine‐Derived γ‐Secretase Modulators.
Authors: Hall Adrian , Elliott Richard L. , Giblin Gerard M. P. , Hussain Ishrut , Musgrave James , Naylor Alan , Sasse Rosemary , Smith Beverley
Published: September 2010

The synthesis of the most potent compound (VII) is described exemplarily for a series of novel piperidine‐derived γ‐secretase modulators which are accessible following the same pathway.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Alkylene Bridging Bisdihydropyridines.
Authors: Liu Dong‐Mei , Du Li‐Ting , Sun Jing , Yan Chao‐Guo
Published: September 2010

Vanillin is alkylated with dihaloalkanes to give 4,4′‐alkylene bridged intermediates (III) which undergo subsequent Hantzsch reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Unexpected and Divergent Reactions of N‐Formyl‐1,2‐dihydroquinolines with Sodium Azide: Highly Chemoselective Formation of 2‐Substituted Quinolines and Isoxazolo[4,3‐d]quinolines.
Authors: Su Weike , Yu Jingbo , Li Zhenhua , Zheng Bei
Published: September 2010

The attempt to substitute the chlorine in substrate (Ia) with azide [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Trifluoroacetylation‐Induced Houben—Hoesch‐Type Cyclization of Cyanoacetanilides: Increased Nucleophilicity of CN Groups.
Authors: Kobayashi Yusuke , Katagiri Kosuke , Azumaya Isao , Harayama Takashi
Published: September 2010

Treatment of cyanoacetanilides with fluorinated carboxylic anhydrides is found to provide a mild and efficient approach to quinolinone derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐(2‐Dialkylamino‐4H‐3,1‐benzothiazin‐4‐yl)acetic Acid Derivatives and 2‐(2‐Thioxo‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroquinazolin‐4‐yl)acetic Acid Derivatives.
Authors: Fukamachi Shuhei , Konishi Hisatoshi , Kobayashi Kazuhiro
Published: September 2010

An operationally simple one‐pot addition/cyclization sequence of isothiocyanates (I) with secondary or primary amines leads to formation of the title heterocycles.
ChemInform Abstract: Improved Enantioselective Synthesis of (‐)‐Linderol A: Hindered Rotation about Aryl—Csp3 Bond.
Authors: Delaye Pierre‐Olivier , Lameiras Pedro , Kervarec Nelly , Mirand Catherine , Berber Hatice
Published: September 2010

The key steps in the synthesis of the title compound (III) are the diastereoselective epoxidation of the olefin (I) yielding a mixture of rotameric epoxides, and subsequent ring closure to the dibenzofuran derivative (II).
ChemInform Abstract: A New Sesquiterpenoid from the Rhizome of Curcuma zedoaria.
Authors: Eun Sohee , Choi Inho , Shim Sang Hee
Published: September 2010

The new sesquiterpenoid curcuzederone (I) is isolated from the rhizome of curcuma zedoaria along with a known flavonoid.
ChemInform Abstract: Guaiane Sesquiterpenes from Seaweed Ulva fasciata Delile and Their Antibacterial Properties.
Authors: Chakraborty Kajal , Lipton A. P. , Paulraj R. , Chakraborty Rekha D.
Published: September 2010

Guaienmethanol (Ia) and guaienol (Ib) are isolated as major constituents of the CHCl3/Me‐OH soluble fraction of U.
ChemInform Abstract: Concise Total Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Strychnine and (.+‐.)‐Akuammicine.
Authors: Sirasani Gopal , Paul Tapas , Dougherty William Jr. , Kassel Scott , Andrade Rodrigo B.
Published: September 2010

The formation of the title compounds is achieved via previously reported sequential one‐pot spirocyclization/intramolecular aza‐Baylis—Hillman procedure.
ChemInform Abstract: Palmariols A and B, Two New Chlorinated Dibenzo‐α‐pyrones from Discomycete Lachnum palmae.
Authors: Matumoto Takunori , Hosoya Tsuyoshi , Shigemori Hideyuki
Published: September 2010

Title compounds (I) exhibit weak antimicrobial activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Azetidine Derivatives as Novel γ‐Aminobutyric Acid Uptake Inhibitors: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Structure—Activity Relationship.
Authors: Faust Mark R. , Hoefner Georg , Pabel Joerg , Wanner Klaus T.
Published: September 2010

Azetidines, e.g. (I)‐(III), are synthesized as structural analogues of four known GABA‐uptake inhibitors.
ChemInform Abstract: Binuclear and Polynuclear Complexes of Schiff Bases
Authors: Garnovskii A. D. , Vasil'chenko I. S. , Garnovskii D. A. , Burlov A. S. , Uraev A. I.
Published: September 2010

Review: 121 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Trends in Regioselective Protection and Deprotection of Monosaccharides
Authors: Filice Marco , Guisan Jose M. , Palomo Jose M.
Published: September 2010

Review: 69 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Derivatives of Genistein, Their Properties and Possible Applications
Authors: Rusin Aleksandra , Krawczyk Zdzislaw , Grynkiewicz Grzegorz , Gogler Agnieszka , Zawisza‐Puchalka Jadwiga , Szeja Wieslaw
Published: September 2010

Review: 127 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Cyclizations of Enynes via Ruthenacyclopentene Intermediate
Authors: Saito Nozomi , Mori Miwako , Sato Yoshihiro
Published: September 2010

Review: ca. 50 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Management of Charges and Excitons for High‐Performance White Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Wang Qi , Ma Dongge
Published: September 2010

Review: 60 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Detection of Protein—Aptamer Interactions by Means of Electrochemical Indicators and Transverse Shear Mode Method
Authors: Hianik Tibor
Published: September 2010

Review: 60 refs.
Additive hazards regression with censoring indicators missing at random
Authors: Song Xinyuan , Sun Liuquan , Mu Xiaoyun , Dinse Gregg E.
Published: September 2010

In this article, the authors consider a semiparametric additive hazards regression model for right‐censored data that allows some censoring indicators to be missing at random. They develop a class of estimating equations and use an inverse probability weighted approach to estimate the regression parameters. Nonparametric smoothing techniques are employed to estimate the probability of non‐missingness and the conditional probability of an uncensored observation. The asymptotic properties of the resulting estimators are derived. Simulation studies show that the proposed estimators perform well. They motivate and illustrate their methods with data from a brain cancer clinical trial.The Canadian Journal of Statistics38: 333–351; 2010 © 2010 Statistical Society of Canada
Variability explained by covariates in linear mixed‐effect models for longitudinal data
Authors: Hu Bo , Shao Jun , Palta Mari
Published: September 2010

Variability explained by covariates or explained variance is a well‐known concept in assessing the importance of covariates for dependent outcomes. In this paper we study R2 statistics of explained variance pertinent to longitudinal data under linear mixed‐effect models, where the R2 statistics are computed at two different levels to measure, respectively, within‐ and between‐subject variabilities explained by the covariates. By deriving the limits of R2 statistics, we find that the interpretation of explained variance for the existing R2 statistics is clear only in the case where the covariance matrix of the outcome vector is compound symmetric. Two new R2 statistics are proposed to address the effect of time‐dependent covariate means. In the general case where the outcome covariance matrix is not compound symmetric, we introduce the concept of compound symmetry projection and use it to define level‐one and level‐two R2 statistics. Numerical results are provided to support the theoretical findings and demonstrate the performance of the R2 statistics. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 38: 352–368; 2010 © 2010 Statistical Society of Canada
Empirical likelihood for the varying‐coefficient single‐index model
Authors: Huang Zhensheng , Zhang Riquan
Published: September 2010

In this article the author investigates the application of the empirical‐likelihood‐based inference for the parameters of varying‐coefficient single‐index model (VCSIM). Unlike the usual cases, if there is no bias correction the asymptotic distribution of the empirical likelihood ratio cannot achieve the standard chi‐squared distribution. To this end, a bias‐corrected empirical likelihood method is employed to construct the confidence regions (intervals) of regression parameters, which have two advantages, compared with those based on normal approximation, that is, (1) they do not impose prior constraints on the shape of the regions; (2) they do not require the construction of a pivotal quantity and the regions are range preserving and transformation respecting. A simulation study is undertaken to compare the empirical likelihood with the normal approximation in terms of coverage accuracies and average areas/lengths of confidence regions/intervals. A real data example is given to illustrate the proposed approach.The Canadian Journal of Statistics38: 434–452; 2010 © 2010 Statistical Society of Canada
Bowen systems theory and mediation
Authors: Regina Wayne
Published: September 2010

The field of mediation is largely technique‐ and process‐driven. In an effort to develop a more comprehensive theoretical system for mediation, this article applies Bowen Systems Theory to mediation. The article begins with a brief overview of the development of Bowen Systems Theory; it proceeds to define its central concepts, including differentiation, triangulation, and chronic anxiety; finally, the article applies these concepts to mediation and discusses the relationship between theory and technique, using caucusing and co‐mediation as examples. The article concludes that Bowen Systems Theory naturally extends to mediation, providing this field with a comprehensive theoretical system.
Improving mediator competence through self‐assessment
Authors: Bronson Sue
Published: September 2010

This article presents a model to increase competency by combining performance‐based criteria and self‐reflection. This model outlines five common elements of mediation practice against a foundation of a mediator's presence and ethical behavior, along with specific case considerations. Mediator behaviors and questions for reflection guide practitioners in reviewing their practice. The goals of the suggested model are to improve mediators' skills and to integrate practice and theory while acknowledging and accommodating differences in orientation and style. Routine self‐assessment by mediators is recommended to improve competency (Lang and Taylor, 2000).
Implications of a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa in a ballet school
Authors: le Grange Daniel , Tibbs Jason , Noakes Timothy D.
Published: September 2010

Competitive pressures to achieve a slim body shape may be of importance in the etiology of eating disorders in ballet dancers. This study examines the presence of anorexia nervosa‐like symptoms in a group of 49 female ballet students (mean age = 18.9 years, SD ± 1.9). All students were assessed for certain physical (weight and height) and psychological (Eating Attitude Test [EAT]) indices at the start of their academic training year. Thereafter, all subjects who presented with anorexia nervosa‐like symptoms (EAT ≥ 30, and/or with current secondary amenorrhea or primary amenorrhea if aged 16 years or over) at the initial assessment, were invited for a semistructured interview (Morgan‐Russel scales) to determine their diagnostic status. Another aim of the study was to assess the prognostic implications of a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa in this sample. All subjects previously interviewed were invited for a follow‐up assessment at 10 months. Anorexia nervosa could be diagnosed in 2 students (4.1%), whilst another 4 students (8.2%) presented with “partial syndrome” anorexia nervosa. All diagnosed students managed to complete their academic training year. The development and implications of a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa in the ballet students are discussed.
Eating disorders, obesity and addiction
Authors: Wilson G. Terence
Published: September 2010

An addiction model of both eating disorders and obesity has received increasing attention in the popular and scientific literature. The addiction is viewed as a brain disease that must be directly targeted if treatment is to succeed. Evidence from laboratory feeding studies, epidemiology, genetic and familial research, psychopathological mechanisms, and treatment outcome research on cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is inconsistent with the clinical validity or utility of the addiction model of eating disorders. Neurobiological research has shown commonalities in brain reward processes between obesity and substance abuse disorders. Yet emphasis on apparent similarities overlooks important differences between obesity and drug addiction. Interest in obesity as a brain disease should not detract from a public health focus on the ‘toxic food environment’ that is arguably responsible for the obesity epidemic and related nutrition‐based chronic disease. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Examining outcomes‐based educational evaluation through a critical theory lens
Authors: Segerholm Christina
Published: September 2010

Contemporary educational evaluation policy and practice can be challenged by applying critical theory and hermeneutics perspectives in evaluation and by asking whose interests are being served through evaluation. Using educational evaluation in Sweden as the context, the author argues for an explanation‐oriented evaluation approach that assumes education is complex, multilayered, and infused with conflicting interests and intentions. The author concludes that evaluations that attend to this complexity have the potential to influence educational policy significantly. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc., and the American Evaluation Association.
Differences in incidence and co‐occurrence of vaccine and nonvaccine human papillomavirus types in Finnish population before human papillomavirus mass vaccination suggest competitive advantage for HPV33
Authors: Merikukka Marko , Kaasila Marjo , Namujju Proscovia B. , Palmroth Johanna , Kirnbauer Reinhard , Paavonen Jorma , Surcel Heljä‐Marja , Lehtinen Matti
Published: September 2010

To understand likelihood of type replacement after vaccination against the high‐risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types, we evaluated competition of the seven most common genital HPV types in a population sample of unvaccinated, fertile‐aged Finnish women. First trimester sera from two consecutive pregnancies were retrieved from 3,183 Finnish women (mean age, 23.1 years) of whom 42.3% had antibodies to at least one HPV type (6/11/16/18/31/33/45) at the baseline. Antibody positivity to more than one HPV types by the second pregnancy was common among the baseline HPV seropositives. However, compared to baseline HPV‐seronegative women, significantly increased incidence rate ratios (IRRs), indicating an increased risk to seroconvert for another HPV type, were consistently noted only for HPV33 among baseline HPV16 or HPV18 antibody (ab)‐positive women: HPV16ab only
→
16&33ab IRR 2.9 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.6–5.4] and HPV18ab only
→
18&33ab IRR 2.5 (95% CI 1.1–6.0), irrespectively of the presence of antibodies to other HPV types at baseline: HPV16ab
→
16&33ab IRR 3.2 (95% CI 2.0–5.2) and HPV18ab
→
18&33ab IRR 3.6 (95% CI 2.1–5.9). Our findings suggest a possible competitive advantage for HPV33 over other genital HPV types in the unvaccinated population. HPV33 should be monitored for type replacement after HPV mass vaccination.
WATER MANAGEMENT TO MEET PRESENT AND FUTURE FOOD DEMAND
Authors: K.C. Birendra , Schultz Bart , Prasad Krishna
Published: September 2010

The emerging and least developed countries are expected to absorb virtually all the increase in the world's population. With fast‐growing population and ongoing urbanization, population density with reference to cultivated land is increasing significantly. In the emerging countries the increasing standard of living and to a certain extent biofuel production are adding more pressure on the already stressed land and water resources. Currently, most hungry people live in these countries and their number has been increasing for a few years.

The least developed countries especially are regular food aid recipients. The future outlook is not promising: 80–90% of the required increase in food production will need to come from existing cultivated land. However, at present only 22% of the cultivated land in emerging and 11% in the least developed countries have irrigation facilities. Drainage development is almost non‐existent.

Better use of already cultivated land and water resources to ensure the required food production can be the key. The role of effective water management thus is crucial to achieve the objective of food security. This paper substantiates that the improvements in agricultural water management are closely linked to global food production. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Absolute fracture risk assessment using lumbar spine and femoral neck bone density measurements: Derivation and validation of a hybrid system
Authors: Leslie William D , Lix Lisa M ,   for the Manitoba Bone Density Program
Published: September 2010

The World Health Organization (WHO) Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) computes 10-year probability of major osteoporotic fracture from multiple risk factors, including femoral neck (FN) T-scores. Lumbar spine (LS) measurements are not currently part of the FRAX formulation but are used widely in clinical practice, and this creates confusion when there is spine-hip discordance. Our objective was to develop a hybrid 10-year absolute fracture risk assessment system in which nonvertebral (NV) fracture risk was assessed from the FN and clinical vertebral (V) fracture risk was assessed from the LS. We identified 37,032 women age 45 years and older undergoing baseline FN and LS dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA; 1990–2005) from a population database that contains all clinical DXA results for the Province of Manitoba, Canada. Results were linked to longitudinal health service records for physician billings and hospitalizations to identify nontrauma vertebral and nonvertebral fracture codes after bone mineral density (BMD) testing. The population was randomly divided into equal-sized derivation and validation cohorts. Using the derivation cohort, three fracture risk prediction systems were created from Cox proportional hazards models (adjusted for age and multiple FRAX risk factors): FN to predict combined all fractures, FN to predict nonvertebral fractures, and LS to predict vertebral (without nonvertebral) fractures. The hybrid system was the sum of nonvertebral risk from the FN model and vertebral risk from the LS model. The FN and hybrid systems were both strongly predictive of overall fracture risk (p < .001). In the validation cohort, ROC analysis showed marginally better performance of the hybrid system versus the FN system for overall fracture prediction (p = .24) and significantly better performance for vertebral fracture prediction (p < .001). In a discordance subgroup with FN and LS T-score differences greater than 1 SD, there was a significant improvement in overall fracture prediction with the hybrid method (p = .025). Risk reclassification under the hybrid system showed better alignment with observed fracture risk, with 6.4% of the women reclassified to a different risk category. In conclusion, a hybrid 10-year absolute fracture risk assessment system based on combining FN and LS information is feasible. The improvement in fracture risk prediction is small but supports clinical interest in a system that integrates LS in fracture risk assessment. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Persistent interferon transgene expression by RNA interference‐mediated silencing of interferon receptors
Authors: Takahashi Yuki , Vikman Elin , Nishikawa Makiya , Ando Mitsuru , Watanabe Yoshihiko , Takakura Yoshinobu
Published: September 2010

Background

The in vivo half‐life of interferons (IFNs) is very short, and its extension would produce a better therapeutic outcome in IFN‐based therapy. Delivery of IFN genes is one solution for providing a sustained supply. IFNs have a variety of functions, including the suppression of transgene expression, through interaction with IFN receptors (IFNRs). This suppression could prevent IFNs from being expressed from vectors delivered. Silencing the expression of IFNAR and IFNGR, the receptors for type I and II IFNs, respectively, in cells expressing IFNs may prolong transgene expression of IFNs.

Methods

Mouse melanoma B16‐BL6 cells or mouse liver were selected as a site expressing IFNs (not a target for IFN gene therapy) and IFN‐expressing plasmid DNA was delivered with or without small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting IFNRs.

Results

Transfection of B16‐BL6 cells with siRNA targeting IFNAR1 subunit (IFNAR1) resulted in the reduced expression of IFNAR on the cell surface. This silencing significantly increased the IFN‐β production in cells that were transfected with IFN‐β‐expressing plasmid DNA. Similar results were obtained with the combination of IFN‐γ and IFNGR. Co‐injection of IFN‐β‐expressing plasmid DNA with siRNA targeting IFNAR1 into mice resulted in sustained plasma concentration of IFN‐β.

Conclusions

These results provide experimental evidence that the RNAi‐mediated silencing of IFNRs in cells expressing IFN, such as hepatocytes, is an effective approach for improving transgene expression of IFNs when their therapeutic target comprises cells other than those expressing IFNs. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An hydrophobically modified arginine peptide vector system effectively delivers DNA into human mesenchymal stem cells and maintains transgene expression with differentiation
Authors: Kim Na Young , Choi Yu Bin , Kang Chun Il , Kim Hyun Hee , Yang Jai Myung , Shin Sungho
Published: September 2010

Background

The ability of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) to differentiate into specific cells holds promise for therapeutic use in cell‐ or gene‐based therapy. Genetic modification of hMSCs by introduction of therapeutic genes is an important tool for successful cell‐mediated gene therapy. Similar to most primary cells, hMSCs are difficult to transfect with currently available gene delivery methods. Viral vectors are the most efficient DNA delivery system in stem cells. However, the use of viral vectors has disadvantages involving safety. To overcome these problems, nonviral gene delivery has been studied as an alternative strategy, and the cationic peptide was an efficient vector for transfecting various mammalian cell types. However, little is known about the capacity of this delivery method to transfect to hMSCs. In the present study, we examined the use of a short arginine peptide as a carrier for DNA delivery in hMSCs.

Methods

Plasmids containing the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) were transfected into hMSCs by arginine peptide in vitro. pEGFP delivery and EGFP expression were assessed by the fluorescence‐activated cell sorting technique.

Results

The hydrophobically modified arginine peptide, palmitic acid‐R15 (PA‐R15), formed a condensed complex with DNA and successfully delivered the gene into hMSCs without compromising cell survival rate. Complexes readily internalized into hMSCs after a 4 h incubation, and PA‐R15 showed higher cellular uptake compared to the unmodified arginine peptide (R15). In addition, transfected cells retained their stem cell properties, including the ability to differentiate into adipogenic and osteogenic lineages. Moreover, the erythropoietin (EPO) gene was successfully transfected into hMSCs and the cells produced EPO for 4 weeks.

Conclusions

Hydrophobically modified arginine peptides are promising candidates with low toxicity. They comprise efficient nonviral gene delivery vectors for hMSCs and these may be used as a potential tool for basic research and the therapeutic application of hMSCs. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Integration of capillary isoelectric focusing with monolithic immobilized pH gradient, immobilized trypsin microreactor and capillary zone electrophoresis for on‐line protein analysis
Authors: Wang Tingting , Ma Junfeng , Zhu Guijie , Shan Yichu , Liang Zhen , Zhang Lihua , Zhang Yukui
Published: September 2010

An integrated platform consisting of protein separation by CIEF with monolithic immobilized pH gradient (M‐IPG), on‐line digestion by trypsin‐based immobilized enzyme microreactor (trypsin‐IMER), and peptide separation by CZE was established. In such a platform, a tee unit was used not only to connect M‐IPG CIEF column and trypsin‐IMER, but also to supply adjustment buffer to improve the compatibility of protein separation and digestion. Another interface was made by a Teflon tube with a nick to couple IMER and CZE via a short capillary, which was immerged in a centrifuge tube filled with 20 mmol/L glutamic acid, to exchange protein digests buffer and keep electric contact for peptide separation. By such a platform, under the optimal conditions, a mixture of ribonuclease A, myoglobin and BSA was separated into 12 fractions by M‐IPG CIEF, followed by on‐line digestion by trypsin‐IMER and peptide separation by CZE. Many peaks of tryptic peptides, corresponding to different proteins, were observed with high UV signals, indicating the excellent performance of such an integrated system. We hope that the CE‐based on‐line platform developed herein would provide another powerful alternative for an integrated analysis of proteins.
Vielschichtiger Blick in den Körper. Magnet‐Resonanz‐Tomographie
Authors: Nitz Wolfgang R. , Oppelt Arnulf
Published: September 2010

Die Magnet‐Resonanz‐Tomographie (MRT) ist die vielseitigste medizinische Bildgebungsmethode für Gehirn, Herz und den muskuloskeletalen Bereich. Heute kommen immer höhere Magnet‐ und Gradientenfelder zum Einsatz. Hochfrequenz‐Array‐Spulen ermöglichen kontrastreiche Bilder in kurzer Zeit. Die MRT kann Hirninfarkte im Frühstadium erkennen. Sie kann mit Kontrastmitteln bei der Diagnose von Mammatumoren in der weiblichen Brust helfen und Hinweise auf Prostatakrebs geben. Ihre Anwendung ist nicht allein auf die Abbildung morphologischer Details beschränkt. Sie gibt auch über die Funktion etwa des Gefäßsystems oder des Gehirns Auskunft.