bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Apropiación social de la ciencia y la tecnología a través de una iniciativa de intervención e inclusión educativa de niños y adolescentes de territorios vulnerables de la minería usando la robótica, como una alternativa para la construcción de la paz
Authors: Arango-Serna Martín Darío , Branch-Bedoya John Willian , Jiménez Builes Jovani Alberto
Published: March 2020

En este artículo se presenta una iniciativa de intervención e inclusión educativa de niños y adolescentes de territorios vulnerables de influencia de la minería. Para lograr lo anterior se diseñaron un conjunto de robots educativos y material didáctico complementario que fueron utilizados en las diferentes sesiones de la iniciativa. La población beneficiada fueron niños y adolescentes que trabajan día a día en tareas propias de la minería y no han tenido la oportunidad de ingresar a la escuela o han desertado de ella buscando recursos económicos para sostener sus familias. Dentro de la población beneficiada, también se cuenta con los maestros de las escuelas asentadas en los territorios mineros, con el propósito de enseñarles nuevas metodologías de enseñanza y aprendizaje para atender a la población desescolarizada. 2500 niños y adolescentes fueron beneficiados con la iniciativa, así como 250 maestros.
Personas en proceso de reintegración mayores (PPRM) en Colombia, retos para su reintegración
Authors: Robledo Marín Carlos , Zuluaga Callejas María Isabel , Sánchez Vallejo Sandra Milena
Published: March 2020

Al analizar la Ruta de reintegración de la Agencia para la Reincorporación y la Normalización (ARN) para las Personas mayores en Colombia que han hecho parte de grupos armados al margen de la ley e inician procesos de reintegración a la vida civil, en el Estado Colombiano, se deja entrever por una lado que, esta población es especialmente vulnerable en tanto tienen más dificultad para adaptarse a la vida civil, advierte de la necesidad de reconocer los vacíos que exigen emplear enfoques diferenciales para abordar de forma adecuada las condiciones y necesidades particulares de este conjunto poblacional, destaca además, la importancia de aumentar y/o mejorar la oferta pública y privada de servicios que permitan una atención integral y sostenible.
Del derecho comercial a la Economía solidaria
Authors: Marín Galeano Mayda Soraya , Valencia Grajales José Fernando
Published: March 2020

El derecho comercial a través de la historia no ha dado cuenta de la eco­nomía solidaria, lo que ha provocado una serie de equívocos concep­tuales que impiden observar que existen otras formas de interacción mercantil que no están mediadas por el intercambio monetario exclusi­vamente y sin que se haga referencia al trueque como única forma coo­perativa, ya que ello desconoce otras formas de relaciones de cambio, tales como la donación, o la producción responsable de productos solo dirigidos al cubrimiento de necesidades básicas y no a la acumulación mercantil. En estas nuevas modalidades que podemos encontrar como el Blockchain, redes, plataformas, Apps, y otras cadenas logarítmicas que pueden ayudar a construir intercambios no capitalistas, que a su vez permitan repensar la forma de producir y consumir de las sociedades modernas.
Investigation of the fractal footprint in selected EURIBOR panel banks
Authors: Ghosh Bikramaditya , Le Roux Corlise , Verma Anjali
Published: March 2020

EURIBOR emerged as a conventional proxy for a risk-free rate for a reasonably long period of time after the creation of the Eurozone. However, the joy was short-lived, as the global credit crisis shook the markets in mid-2008. Significant counterparty risk embedded in a derivative transaction cannot be left out. EURIBOR reflects the credit spread on borrowing. Hence, risk and uncertainty are inextricably linked here. This study investigates five banks out of 19 panel banks that manage EURIBOR in various Eurozone countries. These banks, HSBC, ING, Deutsche Bank, the National Bank of Greece and Barclays, are tested from January 2009 to December 2017 on a daily basis. Bank specific EURIBOR can be predicted in all five cases with different degrees. The trace of a profound herd is observed in the case of the National Bank of Greece, others were relatively mild in nature. The customer base and their risk grade were recognized as the main factor. Their information asymmetry and derived information entropy suggest embedded chaos and uncertainty.
The Impact of Ramadan month on market stock returns anomalies: an empirical investigation of Palestine Exchange (PEX)
Authors: S. Hijazi Ashraf , I. Tabash Mosab
Published: March 2020

The main purpose of the current study is to examine the impact of Ramadan month on stock returns at the Palestine Exchange (PEX). The study sample consists of all Palestinian public shareholding companies listed in the PEX. The comparison period used in this study consists of 30 days before Ramadan month, 30 days after Ramadan month, and Ramadan month (30 days). This gives a total of 90 days in a year for ten years (2006–2016). The GJR-GARCH technique is used. The results of the study show that Ramadan month has a remarkable effect on the stock returns of the companies in the PEX. The results indicate a significant impact on earnings per share (EPS) in the PEX. Furthermore, there is a positive relationship between the stock returns and the market value in Ramadan month. The profits are increased in the industrial and investment companies due to the high demands in Ramadan month. Therefore, the companies should work to keep a steady performance in the whole year. Besides, the capacity of industrial and investment companies should be increased to meet the high demand in Ramadan month. This study will help Palestinian investors to effectively time their trading. This study is considered one of the pioneering studies that discuss the impact of Ramadan month on the stock returns in the context of Palestine Stock Exchange.
Ethical and legal bird hunting duties by Polish veterinarians
Authors: FELSMANN MARIUSZ Z. , SZAREK JÓZEF , SOŁTYSZEWSKI IRENEUSZ , KARAŹNIEWICZ JUSTYNA
Published: March 2020

Polish veterinarians are committed to specific behaviors. They have an obligation to actively prevent pollution of the natural environment and threats to public health. The law does not prohibit them from hunting though. Hunting birds with lead ammunition is harmful to the environment, birds and humans. In view of the above, it seems that this type of hunting should be forbidden to veterinarians. Unfortunately, Polish law makes it impossible to punish veterinary surgeons for bird hunting with lead ammunition. As hunters, veterinarians are probably aware of the harmfulness of such behavior, but they prioritize their pleasure over environmental concerns. This study examines Polish legal acts related to hunting by veterinarians and presents specific legal provisions requiring and forbidding specific behaviors of veterinarians. According to the law on the profession of the veterinary surgeon, members of this profession must not engage in bird hunting with lead ammunition. The study discusses the difficulty of changing the current situation and forcing Polish veterinary surgeons to abandon bird hunting with toxic ammunition and to actively fight this practice. Veterinarians, in particular those who are hunters, should actively oppose such forms of hunting that are harmful to the natural environment, especially the hunting of game birds with lead ammunition. In accordance with veterinary knowledge, ethics and deontology, all veterinarians should inform the public about the harmfulness of eating game animals shot with lead ammunition, in particular with lead pellets.
Molecular characterization of contagious ecthyma virus (CEV) isolated from goat and cross-protection studies
Authors: GULYAZ VELI , HASOKSUZ MUSTAFA , BULUT METING , SARAÇ FAHRIYE
Published: March 2020

Contagious ecthyma (CE) is a zoonotic viral infection caused by the Parapoxvirus in sheep and goats which is classified in the family of Poxviridae. In this study, the Penorf CE vaccine strain that originated from lambs (PKCE1 strain) and three CE strains (O-CEV1, O-CEV2, O-CEV3) originated from kids were used for molecular characterization and cross-protection studies. A phylogenetic similarity has been investigated by comparing the B2L gene of CE viruses originated from kids and lambs. It was observed that the isolates O-CEV1 and O-CEV2 had a similar DNA sequence (100%) whereas the other isolate, O-CEV3 had a different DNA sequence from the others, and the proportion of the difference between them was 2.6% as stated in the similarity index. The phylogenic evaluation revealed that CE viruses were not species specific and have different genotypes in lambs and kids in Turkey. Penorf vaccine strain which is still known as lamb origin was found to be also kid origin. In the pathogenity studies in kids and lambs, there was no rise in the body temperatures of lambs and kids and hyperemia, vesicles and pustules occurred in the scarified skin regions from the second day of the epruvation. In addition to these findings, it was determined that the healing in lesions occurred after the scabs fell off beginning from the 38th to 55th days of the study. At the end of the this study, the presence of CE strains with different pathogenicity properties was revealed. In goats vaccinated with Penorf vaccine, protection to O-CEV3 field isolate has been observed, but not obtained protection to PK-CK1 strain. As a result, the phylogenic evaluation revealed that CE viruses were not species specific and have different genotypes in lambs and kids in Turkey. The Penorf vaccine strain, which is still known to be of lamb origin, was found to be of kid origin and it was not seen to protect lambs against CE disease due to the genomic differences. Therefore, it was concluded from this data that at least a bivalent CE vaccine containing lamb and kid isolates should be prepared and used for effective immunity against CE infection, especially in lambs and kids.
Análisis regional de las remesas y sus perceptores en México, 2000 y 2005
Authors: Huesca Reynoso Luis , Calderón Villarreal Cuauhtémoc , García Gómez Jazmín
Published: March 2020

Este trabajo analiza la estructura de los perfiles que mantienen los perceptores de las remesas en México. Se realiza un estudio micro–econométrico de los factores individuales que nos permiten comprender la conducta y el perfil de los perceptores de la remesas en los hogares y en las regiones de México. Para ello, utilizamos la Encuesta Nacional de Ingresos y Gastos de los Hogares (enigh) de los años 2000 y 2005. La hipótesis central de este trabajo es que la experiencia y las habilidades de los migrantes con el capital social de su entorno presentan comportamientos diferenciados entre los perceptores de remesas ubicados en distintas regiones mexicanas.
Integración económica en América del Norte: lección de la experiencia de la Unión Europea para el TLCAN
Authors: Ramírez Acosta Ramón de Jesús , Castillo Ponce Ramón A.
Published: March 2020

En el presente documento se analiza, con base en estudios de diversos autores, el grado de sincronización económica de los países de Europa Central y Oriental con respecto a la Unión Europea en el periodo inmediato anterior a las adhesiones del año 2004. Posteriormente, se determina de manera formal el grado de sincronización económica en América del Norte para el periodo de transición del TLCAN. En particular, se estiman modelos de cointegración y características comunes de corto plazo para los pibs de Canadá, México y Estados Unidos. Encontramos que las economías de la región han alcanzado un grado significativo de integración. Con base en estos resultados, y a los hechos identificados para el caso europeo, se esbozan las posibilidades de una evolución del TLCAN hacia una integración económica más profunda.
La transformación del concepto frontera en la transición de la URSS a la Federación Rusa: implicaciones para la supervivencia del Estado
Authors: Añorve Añorve Daniel
Published: March 2020

mediante una serie de adjetivos peyorativos en Occidente. El presente trabajo hace un recuento histórico de cómo han concebido los rusos (y los soviéticos) la frontera. La frontera rusa siempre ha estado en continuo cambio, y el país ha sido al mismo tiempo agresor y agredido. Por razones históricas, la frontera soviética fue muy vigilada y controlada por el pcus al punto de volverla casi impermeable. En los primeros años de la transición se dio un relajamiento de la política fronteriza que paradójicamente la volvió no sólo inestable sino que puso a la Federación Rusa al borde de la balcanización. Tanto Putin como Medvedev revirtieron este proceso. En la actualidad, gracias a las presiones y poca colaboración occidental, Rusia ha emprendido una agresiva política fronteriza que amenaza con ser expansiva. La enorme diáspora rusa ha resultado una justificación exitosa para la expansión de la frontera rusa.
Mercado inmobiliario y administración urbana en Ciudad Juárez
Authors: J. Llera Francisco , López María Ángeles , Nesbitt Lydia , Loera Mariana , Fierro Ulises , Alarcón Leslie G.
Published: March 2020

El propósito de este artículo es demostrar que la ausencia de una concepción económica al utilizar las técnicas de Administración del Desarrollo Urbano (adu) se ha traducido en la afectación a una parte del mercado inmobiliario en Ciudad Juárez. En esta ciudad, la flexibilización en los criterios de zonificación y el fomento de políticas de expansión territorial han contribuido a la pérdida de identidad urbana y a depreciar el valor de las propiedades residenciales en el sector central. El documento hace un análisis general sobre la legislación urbana que regula el desarrollo de las ciudades e introduce una concepción acerca de lo que debería ser la administración urbana desde el punto de vista económico–administrativo. Asimismo, plantea un estudio de caso en el que se analizan los elementos de adu que buscan los habitantes que son clientes potenciales para adquirir una vivienda nueva en la ciudad.
Interacción entre el sistema perceptivo y motor en pacientes con lesiones centrales y periféricas: estrategias para la neurorrehabilitación
Authors: Rodrigues-de França Fabíola , Rodríguez-de Ávila Ubaldo Enrique , Pereira-Júnior Antônio
Published: March 2020

Los enfoques tradicionales para comprender la percepción visual suponen que el objetivo principal del sistema visual es construir una representación detallada del mundo exterior basada en la retina que, a pesar de la sofisticación del procesamiento, tenga límites computacionales para manejar la cantidad de información incidente y la presencia de ruido (1).
Experiencias de educación interpares para favorecer el autocuidado del paciente oncológico
Authors: Panader-Torres Adriana , Cerinza-León Karen , Echavarría-Arévalo Ximena , Pacheco-Hernández Julieth , Hernández-Zambrano Sandra
Published: March 2020

El objetivo fue identificar experiencias de implementación de educación interpares para favorecer el autocuidado del paciente oncológico. Se realizó una revisión integradora de la literatura en las bases de datos CINAHL, Epistemonikos, Cochrane, PubMed y los motores de búsqueda Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS) y Google académico. Se utilizaron cinco ecuaciones con términos identificados en los descriptores Ciencias de la Salud (DeCS) y Medical Subject Heading (MeSH), se buscaron artículos en el idioma español, inglés y portugués, publicados, de 2012 a 2017. De los resultados se seleccionaron siete artículos que cumplieron con los criterios de elegibilidad. Se evidenció que el desarrollo de programas de educación inter pares tiene un impacto positivo al permitir formar pacientes expertos en el manejo del cáncer, representando beneficios para ellos, sus familias y las Instituciones de Salud. Se concluyó que la implementación de estos programas es un método efectivo para concienciar a los pacientes sobre su enfermedad y la importancia que estos tienen el autocuidado para tener una mejor calidad de vida; además, el hecho de que la educación sea brindada por los mismos pacientes facilita la comprensión de la enfermedad al hablar a través de la propia experiencia.
Recognizing Proteins with Binding Function in Elymus nutans Based on Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Yang Zhe , Wang Juan , Yang Jia , Qi Zhi , He Jiahao
Published: March 2020

Background:

We research the binding function proteins in Elymus nutans. Recognition
for proteins is essential for study of biology. Machine learning methods have been widely used for
the prediction of proteins.

Methods:

We used BLAST software for the function annotations of Elymus nutans. Besides, we used
machine learning methods to recognize proteins which are not annotated by the software. In the
process, we focused on identifying the proteins with binding functions. In our research, features are
extracted by four algorithms, and then selected by mutual information estimator. Here three classifiers
are constructed based on K-nearest neighbour algorithm and gradient boosting algorithm.

Results and Conclusion:

Experimental results show that there are 848 proteins with ATP binding
function, 113 proteins with heme binding function, 315 proteins with zinc-ion binding function,
135 proteins with GTP binding function and 21 proteins with ADP binding function. Furthermore,
we have successfully predicted the functions of 10 special protein sequences whose function
annotations cannot be obtained by making sequence alignment with seven famous protein databases.
Among them, seven sequences have ATP binding functions, one sequence has heme binding function,
one sequence has zinc-ion binding function and the other one has GTP binding function.
Engineered Microbes for Pigment Production Using Waste Biomass
Authors: Usmani Zeba , Sharma Minaxi , Sudheer Surya , Gupta Vijai K. , Bhat Rajeev
Published: March 2020

Agri-food waste biomass is the most abundant organic waste and has high valorisation potential
for sustainable bioproducts development. These wastes are not only recyclable in nature but are
also rich sources of bioactive carbohydrates, peptides, pigments, polyphenols, vitamins, natural antioxidants,
etc. Bioconversion of agri-food waste to value-added products is very important towards zero
waste and circular economy concepts. To reduce the environmental burden, food researchers are
seeking strategies to utilize this waste for microbial pigments production and further biotechnological
exploitation in functional foods or value-added products. Microbes are valuable sources for a range of
bioactive molecules, including microbial pigments production through fermentation and/or utilisation
of waste. Here, we have reviewed some of the recent advancements made in important bioengineering
technologies to develop engineered microbial systems for enhanced pigments production using agrifood
wastes biomass/by-products as substrates in a sustainable way.
In Vitro Characteristics of Glioma Cells Targeting by OX26-modified Liposomal Cisplatin
Authors: Ashrafzadeh Maryam Sadat , Heydarinasab Amir , Akbarzadeh Azim , Ardjmand Mehdi
Published: March 2020

Background:

Drug delivery to the brain tumor is limited due to the presence of the
blood-brain barrier (BBB).

Objective:

This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of cisplatin-loaded PEGylated liposomes,
targeted with the OX26 antibody (targeted liposomal cisplatin) against transferrin receptor
expressing rat glioma C6 cells in vitro.

Method:

The liposomes were synthesized using reverse phase evaporation method and were conjugated
to the OX26 monoclonal antibody. They were characterized in terms of size, drug encapsulation
efficiency, morphology and drug release experiments using dynamic light scattering, atomic
absorption spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, and dialysis membrane methods. Then,
their biological activities were evaluated on targeting the BBB.

Results:

The characterization results showed that spherical nanodrug with a size of
157 nm and drug loading efficiency of 24% was synthesized, which released 64% of the loaded cisplatin
after 72 h in a controlled release manner. The nanoparticles caused an increase in the cisplatin
cytotoxicity effects by 1.7-, 1.8- and 1.8-fold, compared to cisplatin-loaded PEGylated liposomes
(liposomal cisplatin) after 24, 48 and 72h incubation, respectively against C6 cells. Moreover, targeted
liposomal cisplatin showed promising results in the transport of cisplatin across the BBB, in
which it caused an increase in the cisplatin cytotoxicity on C6 cells by 2.7- and 2.4-fold, compared
to cisplatin and liposomal cisplatin, respectively.

Conclusion:

Regarding the properties of the targeted liposomal cisplatin, it suggests that the potency
of the formulation, to be evaluated, for the transport of cisplatin across the BBB, delivers it to the
brain tumor in vivo.
Experimental Phage Therapies in Companion Animals with A Historical Review
Authors: Pyzik Ewelina , Radzki Radosław P. , Urban-Chmiel Renata
Published: March 2020

Background:

The aim of the review was to comprehensively characterize the antimicrobial
efficacy of bacteriophages in eliminating pathogens occurring in companion animals, as an
alternative to antibiotics for controlling infections that pose potential threats to the health and life of
people and to the environment.

Methods:

The review contains detailed information on the characteristics and classification of bacteriophages
and an analysis of their life cycle. The dominant element is a detailed analysis of the
experimental use of bacteriophages in combating infections caused by various microorganisms in
companion animals with regard to their potential use in therapy.

Results:

It seems that in the near future, phage therapies will provide an alternative to antibiotics in
the treatment of diseases caused by multi-drug resistant bacteria in people and animals.

Conclusion:

The effectiveness of phage therapies depends on many factors and the properties of
the bacteriophages themselves, which requires comprehensive knowledge of them.
The Management of Acute Hemorrhoidal Disease
Authors: Selvaggi Lucio , Sciaudone Guido , Canonico Silvestro , Selvaggi Francesco , Pellino Gianluca
Published: March 2020

The acute strangulation of internal hemorrhoids and the thrombosis of external hemorrhoids
are both debilitating and painful conditions which require immediate treatment in order to
minimize morbidity and reduce the length of inactivity. In selected cases, urgent surgical treatment,
performed within 72 hours of presentation, prevents the negative economic and psychological effects
of a prolonged recovery (which is often the case of conservative management), and limits the
necessity for surgical intervention at a later date.
Ralstonia Mannitolilytica, an Unusual Pathogen in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Case of Neonatal Sepsis and Literature Review
Authors: Lampropoulos Panagiotis , Gkentzi Despoina , Tzifas Sotirios , Kapnisi Georgia , Karatza Ageliki , Kolonitsiou Fevronia , Dimitriou Gabriel
Published: March 2020

Background:

Premature infants are considered high-risk subgroup for neonatal sepsis
due to yet defective immune system, interventions practised and synergy of factors favoring multiple
resistance of Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens to antimicrobial agents.

Case presentation:

We present a case of late-onset neonatal sepsis in a premature infant caused by
an uncommon pathogen; a premature infant of extremely low birth weight had in his 4th week of
life severe clinical deterioration with lethargy, fever, pallor, mottling, abdominal distention, tachycardia,
and worsening respiratory impairment. Full septic screen was performed, broad-spectrum
antibiotic therapy was initiated and supportive care per needs was provided. Blood cultures (endotracheal
tube tip cultures) isolated meropenem- and gentamicin-resistant strain of rare pathogen Ralstonia
mannitolilytica. Ralstonia spp. are aerobic, Gram-negative, lactose non-fermenting, oxidaseand
catalase-positive bacilli, thriving in water and soil. Ralstonia spp. are identified only sporadically
as causative agents of neonatal sepsis; to our knowledge, this is the second report of neonatal
sepsis due to R. mannitolilytica in the literature so far. Our patient was eventually treated (per sensitivity
pattern) with intravenous ciprofloxacin and recovered well from the infection.

Conclusion:

We intend to raise awareness among neonatologists with regard to early detection of
unusual pathogens, the emergence of antibiotic resistance patterns, and the obligation for adherence
to infection control policies.
Kinematic Differences between Two Types of Forward Elevations of the Shoulder Joint: Flexion and Reaching Elevation
Authors: Sahara Ryo , Hamada Junichiro , Yoshizaki Kunio , Endo Kazuhiro , Segawa Daisuke , Yamaguchi Mitsukuni
Published: March 2020

Background:

Extension of the elbow joint is maintained during shoulder flexion. In contrast, the arm starts from the flexed position of the elbow joint and the joint gradually extends during reaching elevation.

Objectives:

This study aimed to compare the kinematic elements and electromyographic (EMG) activities of the rotator cuff muscles between flexion and reaching elevation.

Methods:

The study included 10 healthy young men. (average age, 21.5 ± 3.4 years), and measurements were performed on their dominant arms. A three-dimensional motion analyzer was used to record the following elements during shoulder flexion and reaching elevation: the angles of glenohumeral joint elevation and scapular upward rotation, scapulohumeral rhythm, external rotation of the humerus, and glenohumeral plane shifting from the coronal plane. The EMG activities in the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, and teres minor were recorded simultaneously.

Results:

The plane of reaching elevation was retained at 60° from the coronal plane. The glenohumeral planes (P < 0 .01) and the external rotation angles of the humerus below 90° of elevation (P < 0.05) were significantly different between both the motions. The EMG activities in the supraspinatus (P < .01), infraspinatus (P < 0.05), and teres minor (P < 0.01) were significantly lower while reaching elevation than those during flexion.

Conclusion:

The motion plane at 60° from the coronal plane, movement of the humeral external rotation, and EMG activities of the rotator cuff muscles were different during reaching elevation and shoulder flexion.
Physicochemical and Biological Aspects of Curcumin: A Review
Authors: Kriplani Priyanka , Guarve Kumar
Published: March 2020

Background:

Curcuma longa L. is worldwide investigated as the well known indian spice
by virtue of its principal constituent, curcumin.

Objective:

The objective of this review is to study the biosynthetic pathway, extraction process,
chemistry, various analytical methods for identification of curcumin and its effect on biological system.

Methods:

Current prose and papers emphasizing the biosynthesis, extraction methods, analytical
methods and biological activities of curcumin have been identified and reviewed with particular
emphasis on their scientific impact and novelty.

Result:

Curcumin, principal constituent extracted from dried rhizomes of Curcuma longa L. is a hydrophobic
polyphenol meant to cure chronic malignancies like rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer’s, Inflammatory
bowel disease and many common ailments related to colon, lung, stomach and skin.

Conclusion:

This present review gives erudition of curcumin which paves way for further work.
OncoArendi Therapeutics as Platform-based Polish Biotech Company – A Case Study
Authors: Szumowski Marcin
Published: March 2020

OncoArendi Therapeutics SA (OAT) has been founded in 2012 as USstyle
biotech operating in Poland. From the beginning, OAT has been focused on
first-in-class or best-in-class programs involving interactions with novel targets
with no clinical validation. The experienced group of founders thought that Poland
offered an abundance of young talent and non-dilutive financing from European
and national grants and subsidies, newly established research infrastructure and
relatively little competition, as the biotech sector was still in its infancy. With
strong proprietary IP, they thought, an experienced group of medicinal chemists
could launch a competitive small molecule discovery business. Furthermore, the net
cost of developing small molecules in Poland was several-fold lower than in the US
or in western European countries. Based on these competitive factors, one could
develop several programs in parallel with limited private investment, thus
diversifying the high scientific and technological risk and increasing chances of
long-term success. This case study shows how this strategy played out for
OncoArendi over the last 7 years and how OncoArendi positions itself within the
Polish biotech sector and on the increasingly competitive global biopharmaceutical
scene.
Effects of temperature and tomato variety on development stages of Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc) (Hemiptera: Triozidae)
Authors: Vargas-Madriz Haidel , Guzmán-Martínez María , Acuña-Soto Jesús Alberto , Azuara-Domínguez Ausencio , Grifaldo-Alcántara Pedro Fabián , Luna-Cruz Alfonso , Lázaro-Dzul Martha Olivia
Published: March 2020

Tomato is one of the most consumed vegetables per capita in the world; it is grown both in the open and in greenhouses. Under these conditions, the pest is considered a severe problem, especially considering Bactericera cockerelli Sulc. Therefore, in this experiment, the life history of this pest insect in two tomato varieties: “Charanda F1” and “Rafaello” the differences in the development stages of the insect, the mean temperatures of two cycles, and the accumulated heat units determined. The work consisted of evaluating the development of the instars of B. cockerelli during two crop cycles in both varieties, as well as the accumulation of heat units to differentiate the distinct instars. The insect populations developed in the Rafaello variety had shorter lives and showed a higher death rate of eggs than did those that developed in Charanda F1. The temperature was another determining factor; when the temperature remained low, the insect biological cycle was longer. Likewise, heat units were different between the two varieties; in Rafaello, 598.13 heat units needed while in Charanda F1, only 464.98. The differences may be due to the morphological characteristics of each variety, as the presence of trichomes and oils. Thus, we suggest that these variables studied in future research works.
Efectos subletales en el desarrollo de Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) asociados a la resistencia a fipronil
Authors: Rodriguez-Rodriguez Jose Francisco , Cerna-Chavez Ernesto , Ochoa-Fuentes Yisa Maria , Beltran-Beache Mariana , Landeros-Flores Jeronimo , Guevara-Acevedo Luis Patricio
Published: March 2020

Plutella xylostella (L.) es la principal plaga de los cultivos de la familia Brassicaceae generando grandes pérdidas económicas. Su control se basa principalmente en la aplicación de insecticidas de químicos, el uso excesivo de estos plaguicidas ha ayudado al desarrollo de resistencia hacia estos ingredientes activos. La implementación de dosis subletales de insecticidas afecta la fisiología y comportamiento de los insectos. Se determinó las concentraciones letales (CL20 y CL50) de fipronil sobre una línea resistente y una línea susceptible a este compuesto y posteriormente estas se aplicaron a larvas de tercer instar para evaluar el porcentaje de pupación, peso de pupas, emergencia de adultos en dos generaciones (progenitores y descendientes), así como los tiempos de desarrollo de cada estadio de P. xylostella. Se observó un efecto importante en la aplicación de CL20 de fipronil al verse alargado el tiempo de desarrollo por más de tres días y una disminución de la fecundidad en más de un 20% en la línea resistente a fipronil, lo que puede ser un factor importante para el manejo y control de esta plaga cuando se presenten problemas de resistencia a fipronil.
Changes in membrane carbohydrates distribution associated to epididymal sperm maturation during the prolonged sperm storage period of Corynorhinus mexicanus bat (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae)
Authors: Rodríguez-Tobón Ahiezer , Fierro Reyna , León-Galván Miguel Angel , Rosado Adolfo , Cortés-Barberena Edith , Arenas-Ríos Edith
Published: March 2020

The Corynorhinus mexicanus bat provides an interesting experimental model for the study of epididymal sperm maturation because after testicular regression, this bat stores sperm in epididymal cauda for several months. Earlier research conducted by our group suggested that sperm maturation in this specie must be completed in the caudal region of the epididymis, although the precise factor linked with this phenomenon is unknown. Therefore, the aim of this work was to analyze changes in the distribution of N-acetylglucosamine and/or sialic acid, Fucose and Mannose carbohydrates in different membrane domains of sperm cells as they change from the caput to the cauda of the epididymis, as well as, their changes in different dates of capture. The sperm cells present a redistribution of N-acetylglucosamine and/or sialic when they arrived in the caudal region (September 11), but after storage until October 22 the distribution of N-acetylglucosamine and/or sialic acid changed. Mannose residues were found predominantly towards the acrosome during their entry into and transit through the three regions of the epididymis. The flow cytometry assay indicated that fluorescence intensity due to the presence of of N-acetylglucosamine and/or sialic acid on the sperm decreases as the sperm pass through the epididymal duct and as storage time in the cauda goes on. The Mannose fluorescence intensity, decreased in corpus and cauda from September 24 to October 8, though no differences appeared on the latter date. The presence of Fucuse was corroborated only by flow cytometry. In conclusion, the carbohydrate distribution on sperm membrane can be considered as part of the process of epididymal sperm maturation and is associated with the phenomenon of prolonged sperm storage that is characteristic of this specie. This adaptation allows the males to synchronize with the period of receptivity of the females, and then, carry out the matings.
OVARIAN INFERTILITY FACTOR IN PATIENTS OF LATE REPRODUCTIVE AGE
Authors: Uryupina K. V. , Kutsenko I. I. , Kravtsova E. I. , Gavryuchenko P. A.
Published: March 2020

Objective: in women over 35 years of age, there is a progressive and age-related decline in fertility, which is due to multiple consequences, including a decrease in follicular reserve. Cytokines play a role, mediating the interaction between oocytes and other cells. In addition, there is a change in the expression of mRNA of a number of genes, leading to a decrease in the ability to bear children. The goal is to highlight the problem of reducing fertility in women of older reproductive age.

Materials and methods: medLine, Pubmed, RISC, etc.

Results: analysis of literature data shows that fertility decline is determined by a combination of physiological, molecular and genetic factors that play an increasing role as we age.

Conclusion: the development of modern technology can solve the problem of infertility in the vast majority of cases. However, the lack of effectiveness of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) for women over 35 years of age requires optimizing a care strategy for these women.
EPISIOTOMY AS ONE OF THE PROBLEMS OF MODERN PERINIOLOGY
Authors: Berezhanskaya S. B. , Vostrykh N. N. , Golota A. N. , Sozaeva D. I. , Krynochkina M. Y. , Loginova I. G.
Published: March 2020

Objective:the study is to determine the effectiveness of EEG-biofeedback training on β-rhythm for correcting voluntary attention in children 6 – 8 years of age with the consequences of perinatal CNS lesions of hypoxic-ischemic genesis.

Materials and methods:a total of 120 children aged 6 – 8 years who included 30 children with cerebrastenic syndrome (I group) were examined; 58 children with hyperactivity and attention deficit syndrome (II group); 32 children with cerebral palsy, spastic diplegia (III group). EEG-biofeedback training on β-rhythm correction was carried out in an amount of 15 sessions lasting 20 – 30 minutes on the Kinesis machine (Neurot, Russia). Before and after the biofeedback therapy, a psychodiagnostic evaluation of the functions of voluntary attention on the Toulouse-Pieron scale was carried out (in the adaptation of LA Yasyukova, 2001). EEG recording was performed on an EEG 21/26 encephalograph Encephalan-131-03, modification 10 (Manufacturer: NPKF Medikom MTD, Russia). For statistical analysis of the obtained indicators before and after treatment, the significance criterion was used to compare the two proportions (fractions) under the assumption that the variables are distributed according to the normal law (package STATISTICS 6.0).

Results:the effectiveness of EEG-biofeedback training on β-rhythm correction was revealed, as evidenced by a significant decrease in the number of children with isolated types of attention disorders in all groups of patients as well as with mixed disorders in the II group.

Conclusion:аctivation of cortical processes, increasing the level of attention, memory and cognitive abilities of the psyche, when EEG-biofeedback training is included in the therapy complex, depend on the nature and severity of central nervous system lesions in children with various nosological forms of neurological pathology, which requires rethinking of therapeutic complex methods of correction and selection of personalized biofeedback training protocols, taking into account data on various types of metabolic and neurophysiological abnormalities in the head in children with different nosological forms of neurological disorders.
ISTHMIC-CERVICAL INSUFFICIENCY IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE REASONS FOR MORTARING OF PREGNANCY
Authors: Borschova A. A. , Pertceva G M. , Alekseeva N. A.
Published: March 2020

Objective: to identify the main causes that contribute to the occurrence of ischemic-cervical insufficiency.

Materials and methods: a retrospective analysis of the course of pregnancy, childbirth, outcomes for the fetus in 158 women with ischemic-cervical insufficiency was performed. All pregnant women, except for general clinical examination, underwent transvaginal ultrasound examination of the cervix.

Results: of 158 women with isthmic-cervical insufficiency, there were 71 first-born (44.94 %), and 87 second-born (55.06 %). In the history of these women, 64 (40.51 %) had inflammatory processes of the female genitals, 38 (24.05 %) had extragenital pathology (cardiovascular diseases), 36 (22.78 %) were obese, 13 (8.23 %) had cervical erosion, and only 7 (4.43 %) had a favorable history. The diagnosis of ICN was established by a combination of data from vaginal and transvaginal ultrasound examination of the cervix. Correction of this pathology was carried out by applying a pessary to the cervix.

Conclusion: we did not find a statistically significant difference between the occurrence, causes, and manifestation of clinical data in both first-and second-generation women. Among the causes of PPI, both in the first and second clinical groups, inflammatory diseases of the female genitals, cardiovascular pathology and obesity predominate. Early diagnosis of PPI reduces the risk of premature birth, reduces the percentage of premature birth, and contributes to the birth of children during full-term pregnancy.
FEATURES OF THE COURSE OF PREGNANCY, CHILDBIRTH AND POSTPARTUM PERIOD IN PATIENTS WITH ADENOMYOSIS
Authors: Kravtsova E. I. , Kutsenko I. I. , Avakimyan A. A.
Published: March 2020

Objective: to assess the course of pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum period in patients with adenomyosis 1 and 2 degrees.

Materials and methods: the course of pregnancy and its outcomes were analyzed in 153 primordial women with a history of adenomyosis of 1–2 degrees (I group), the control group (II group) — 150 conditionally healthy primordial women.

Results: in preterm patients with adenomyosis of 1 and 2 degrees, in the absence of problems with conception and somatic pathology, statistically significantly increases the number of early reproductive losses and premature birth during pregnancy statistically significantly more often formed placental insufficiency and increases the frequency of hypertension disorders, increases the frequency of pathology of labor and postpartum period, mainly associated with increased blood loss.

Conclusion: complications of gestation, pathology of labor and postpartum period in patients even with 1 stage of adenomyosis are largely associated with histological, immunohistochemical and immunological features of the structure of the transition zone «endometrium-myometrium». Pathological processes occurring in the zone of remodeling of spiral arterioles may lead to abnormal chorion formation, which causes most obstetric complications.
THORACO-CARDIAC PARAMETERS IN CHILDREN WITH DIFFERENT VARIANTS OF SOMATIC DEVELOPMENT ACCORDING TO ULTRASOUND DATA
Authors: Lebedenko A. A. , Tarakanova T. D. , Semernik O. E. , Appoeva A. A. , Ivanova D. N.
Published: March 2020

Objective: to study the ultrasound characteristics of the structure and location of the heart and blood vessels in children of different age groups, taking into account the harmony of physical development.

Materials and methods: 160 people aged 4 to 18 years were surveyed. All the children included in the study were divided into four groups, according to the WHO.  Anthropometric dimensions were evaluated using centile tables. There are 3 rates of physical development: age-appropriate; advancing age; lagging behind age norms, as well as harmonious, moderately disharmonious and high disharmonious development. Echocardiography was performed on a VIVID-3 scanner, General Electric, USA, using sector sensors with a frequency of 3-8 MHz. Statistical processing of the results were performed using the Microsoft Office Excel 2003 and Statistica 12.0 for Windows software package.

Results: the morphometric parameters of cardial structures increase proportionally with age, having a significant range of deviation in the group. Disharmonious type of physical development is most often found in children of puberty. Among children of age I and II groups, harmonious physical development dominates and, in a small number, a moderately disharmonious type is formed-5 (14.3 %) and 11 (20.3 %) cases, respectively.

Conclusion: the pronounced inter-group differences between the studied generally accepted and additional ultrasound dimensions of the heart testify to the expediency of using them as additional measurements in the experimental modeling of the chest cavity.
APPLICATION OF ANTIPSYCHOTICS OF LONG-TERM ACTION IN SCHIZOPHRENIA
Authors: Bibekova Zh. B. , Strel’cov E. A. , Makarchuk A. S.
Published: March 2020

This literature review addresses the effectiveness and safety of long-acting antipsychotic therapy for schizophrenia. The results of randomized trials of recent years are described in detail. The efficacy of taking drugs at the following key research points was examined: the general clinical impression of the severity of the condition (CGI-S), the general clinical impression of the change in state during treatment (CGI-I), and the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS). A systematic literature search was conducted using the Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, elibrary, and other databases.
THE EFFECT OF LIGHT DEPRIVATION ON FUNCTIONAL PROCESSES IN THE SYSTEM “MOTHER – PLACENTA – FETUS” IN CASE OF THREATENING PRETERM BIRTH AND ITS CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Authors: Pelipenko I. G. , Botasheva T. L. , Lebedenko E. Yu. , Mikhelson A. F. , Zheleznyakova E. V. , Zavodnov O. P.
Published: March 2020

Objective: to study the nature of uterine contractile activity, hormonal status, melatonin metabolism, blood flow in the uterine and fetal vessels, and the state of the fetus wellbeing before and after standard drug treatment and combination therapy involving the additional use of light deprivation.

Materials and methods: a total of 547 women with threatening preterm birth were examined at 28 – 35 weeks of pregnancy. Among these, 198 pregnant women received standard therapy and 196 women received combined treatment, medical along with light deprivation. The control group consisted of 153 women with physiological pregnancy. We used cardiotocography to study the contractile activity of the uterus and the fetal cardiac rhythm, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods to study the expression of hormones (ACTH, cortisol, progesterone, estriol, placental lactogen) in the blood and 6-sulfatoxymelatonin in the urine of pregnant women.

Results: threatening preterm labor is accompanied by an increase in the level of generalized (bilateral) uterine activity, a decrease in the level of melatonin and an increase in the level of stress hormones. After using standard drug therapy, there is a suppression of any form of uterine activity, which leads to a deterioration of the fetus state in 30,2% of women, while combined therapy increases the level of melatonin, decreases the activity of stress-liberating subsystems of the mother’s body, and increases the level of right-sided uterine contractions that contribute to maintaining functional activity of the uteroplacental “pump”, contributing to the prevention of fetal distress.

Conclusions: the studies indicate an improvement in the therapeutic effect with using light deprivation, as an additional method for tocolysis in women with the threat of premature birth.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE EFFECT OF IMMUNOGLOBULIN THERAPY AND THE FUNCTIONAL POTENCIES OF THE CELLULAR LINK OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM IN X-LINKED AGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA
Authors: Sizyakina L. P. , Andreeva I. I. , Danilova D. I.
Published: March 2020

Objective:to evaluate the effectiveness of intravenous immunoglobulins in X-linked agammaglobulinemia, to identify changes in the cellular link of the innate and adaptive immune response associated with an insufficient effect of replacement therapy.

Materials and methods:12 patients with X-AGH were under dynamic observation. BTK genetic defect confirmed using next generation sequencing technology. After verification of the diagnosis, patients received IVIG replacement therapy at a saturation dose and then at a maintenance dose. The data of prospective observation for a full year of regular IVIG therapy with an assessment of the severity of the disease, monthly monitoring of the pre-transfusion IgG level and determination of the quantitative and functional parameters of the components of the adaptive and innate immune response every three months are presented.

Results:regular replacement therapy contributed to a decrease in the frequency of exacerbations of foci of chronic infection, a decrease in the frequency and duration of antibiotic therapy, however, in 30 % of cases, the frequency of exacerbations remained high, and antibiotic courses were doubled than the standard ones. A comparative analysis of the parameters of the immune system showed that with a smaller effect of IVIG, the functional potentials of T-effectors are less significant than in the comparison group and the properties of neutrophils and natural killers are more inhibited.

Summary:the relationship between the severity of the clinical manifestation of XLA on the background of replacement therapy and the preservation of the functional potencies of the cellular components of the immune system provides the basis for a possible combination of IVIG therapy with drugs that affect the properties of cellular elements of the immune system.