bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simulation of continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) for polypropylene production
Authors: Kekpugile Kenneth Dagde  , Gunorubon Jackson Akpa  , Obarijimah Osaroworlu  , Olalekan Michael Adeloye
Published: November 2020

This research study predicted the conversion and yield pattern for the polymerization of propylene to polypropylene. The polymerization process was performed using propylene as the monomer and ethylene as the co-monomer in a four continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) connected in series with a Ziegler-Natta catalyst. Model equations were developed for polypropylene polymerisation by applying the principle of conservation of mass in tandem with the rate equation. The resulting model equation was solved numerically using the Runge-Kutta fourth order method and a MATLAB program was written to implement the numerical techniques. The deduced model results depicted the conversion of propylene from the first reactor to the fourth reactor (0.9900 to 0.0113) and increase in polypropylene production as the reaction proceeds from the first reactor to the fourth reactor (0.0000 to 0.9878) showing the conversion and yield pattern of the process. The simulated model results were compared with literature data with a percentage deviation for polypropylene and propylene of 2.2% and 3.8% respectively.
Optimum application levels of nitrogen and zinc for maize (Zea Mays L.) production at Abaji, Federal capital territory, Nigeria
Authors: Olowookere  , B. T  , Salihu D. A.  , Oyerinde G.T
Published: November 2020

Efficient utilization of Nutrient will help boost crop yield in the face of rapidly increasing population and food insecurity. This study evaluates the effects of varying nitrogen and zinc rates on growth and yield of maize in Abaji, Federal Capital Territory of Nigeria. Four Nitrogen levels (0 kg N/ha, 40 kg N/ha, 80 kg N/ha and 120 kg N/ha) were evaluate with two Zinc levels (0 kg Zn/ha and 2 kg Zn/ha). The experimental factors were combined with a Factorial in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Nitrogen was applied as Urea while Zn was applied with Zinc Sulphate (ZnSO4). Phosphorous was applied with Single Super Phosphate (SSP) at the rate of 60 kg P2O5/ha and potassium was supplied with Muriate of Potash (MOP) at 60 kg K2O/ha. Result shows that Nitrogen application rate of 80 kg N/ha gave the optimum yield in the study area and was recommended for adoption along with other sustainable soil nutrient management practices.
Distribution of freshwater Mollusca in Koothaippar wetland ecosystem Tiruchirappalli District Tamil Nadu
Authors: R. Ranjani  , A. S. Maheswari
Published: November 2020

Freshwater Mollusca form an important animal group of the wetland ecosystems. The distribution and availability in terms of number of species needs scientific attention. Present study is an attempt to document the available Molluscan forms in Koothaippar wetlands of Tiruchirappalli District. This study was carried out between summer 2013 to post-monsoon 2017. Nine species were recorded and among them 6 species belong to Gastropoda representing 2 orders, 3 families, 3 genera while 3 species were bivalves representing 1 order, 1 family and 2 genera. Bellamya bengalensis, Lamellidens marginalis and Pila globosa were the predominantly present molluscan fauna and are distributed throughout the year. Five species of Molluscan fauna (Pila virens, Pila scutata, Bellamya dissimilis, Indoplanorbis exustus and Lamellidens corrianus) are less abundant and Parreysia favidens was found to be rare species of the ecosystem. These Molluscan forms, representing different families ranging from 34% of Ampullariidae, 33% of Unionoida, 22% of Viviparoidae and 11% of Planorbidae. Percent distribution of these shelled organisms indicate that they represent 3 orders viz., 56% of Architaenioglossa, 33% of Unionoida and 11% of Hygrophila.
A review: Brain specific delivery
Authors: Deepti R. Damle  , Dr. Archana D. Kajale  , Dr. Madhuri A. Channawar  , Dr. Shilpa R. Gawande
Published: November 2020

The overall prevalence rate for CNS pathology has demonstrated that approximately more than one billion people are undergoing from disorders of central nervous system. The most distressing fact about delivery of drugs to the CNS is the presence of blood brain barrier that have a tendency to impair the drug distribution and denotes the major impediment for the development of CNS drugs. Neuropeptides and many drugs which are hydrophilic in nature possibly will encompass the intricacy while passing the blood brain barrier. The net amount of delivered drug (medicinal agent) and its capability to gain access to the pertinent target sites are the main considering points for CNS drug development. Brain targeted drug delivery to the brain is valuable in the diseases of brain. (Alzheimer’s diseases, meningitis, brain abscess, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, neuromylitis optica, sleeping disorders etc). Whereby high concentration can be gained with lesser side effects that occur because of release of drugs. The simplest method of targeting to brain is to obtain a therapeutic. Brain targeting systems to remain in the brain region by crossing BBB and hence significantly helps in increasing therapeutic activity. There is an increasing attraction towards brain targeting and sue to its immense application in the treatment of various CNS diseases because mostly drugs are unable to cross the BBB. This review article discuss one of the novel technology “nanotechnology” and other aspects that has been developed to target the brain and possess various clinical benefits such as reduced drug dose, less side effects, non-invasive routed, and better patient compliance.
Adsorption of phenol onto unactivated Moringa oleifera Seed Shells residue by UV -visible spectrophotometer
Authors: Daniel Eneji Sani  , John O. Idoko  , Enyojo Samson Okwute  , Matthew Chijioke Apeh
Published: November 2020

Unactivated adsorbent was prepared from Moringa oleifera seed shells precursor, characterized and evaluated for aqueous phase removal of phenol. The effects of operational parameters such as initial phenolic solution pH and adsorbent dosage on equilibrium sorption were studied. Adsorption isotherms and kinetic experiments performed at (25 oC) furnished some equilibrium and kinetic parameters, respectively. UAMSS shows favorable attributes on (pH, bulk density, attrition, iodine number/surface area, surface charge/functional groups and Fourier transform infrared FTIR). Phenol uptake decreases with increase in solution pH for the adsorbent. Maximum adsorption capacity Qmax (mg/g) was (6.95). The optimal pH for phenol adsorption was attained at pH 3, adsorption kinetics obeyed closely pseudo-second-order model. Adsorption of phenol was well described by Langmuir isotherm. The adsorbent shows a promise of applicability in dephenolation of aqueous effluents/wastewater.
Ab initio structure determination and morphology study of La1.26 Zr0.25 Na2.5 N0.24 O2.54 triclinic structure from powder x-ray diffraction data.
Authors: Bimal K Kanth  , Parashuram Mishra
Published: November 2020

This paper deals with the ab initio structure determination of La1.26 N0.24 Na2.5 O2.54 Zr0.25 triclinic structure having triclinic crystal system via powder X-ray data using the Rietveld refinement method, and with physical properties characterization of a related solid solution at the room temperature structure of three compounds belonging to the Aurivillius family La1.26 N0.24 Na2.5 O2.54 Zr0.25 has been analyzed. La1.26 N0.24 Na2.5 O2.54 Zr0.25 crystallizes in a triclinic crystal system with P-1 space group. The starting material was Na2CO3,Zr(NO3)4 La2O3 for the Zr,La and Na analogues was derived from ab initio methods and refined using the Rietveld refinement method using JANA software package and visualization by Diamond computer program. The cations Na and La are disordered over the Zr sites while the La cation is found exclusively in the layers. The cell parameters are a=4.1040 Å b=9.9102 Å c=17.6117 Å α=98.4299° β=93.4378° γ=92.2041°.The morphology and electrical properties are carried out of cited oxide.
Relative importance of the bacteria Brucella, Salmonella, Staphylococcus and other indicator bacteria in some mountain farm waters in West-Cameroon (Central Africa) and the potential role of some environmental factors
Authors: Pierrette Ngo Bahebeck  , Mireille Ebiane Nougang  , Paul Alain Nana  , Claire Stéphane Metsopkeng  , Antoine Tamsa Arfao  , Olive Vivien Noah Ewoti  , Luciane Marlyse Moungang  , Stephen Lacmata Tamekou  , Henri Bayemi Pougue  , Fanny Perrière  , Télesphore Sime-Ngando  , Moïse Nola
Published: November 2020

A bacteriological and physicochemical study was conducted in the waters of farms in mountainous regions of Cameroon. The different water samples were collected during two campaigns in December 2018 and February 2019. Ten stations representing the drinking water supply points in our study area were identified. The results showed that these waters contained both pathogenic and commensal fecal bacteria. The highest abundances reached 10x103 CFU/100mL for Salmonella sp., 72x103 CFU/100mL for Staphylococcus aureus, 102x103 CFU/100mL for Brucella suis and 40x103 CFU/100mL for Brucella abortus. These abundances were subject to space-time fluctuations. Water contamination by tweezers was not general and was present only in surface waters (rivers and ponds). The water in the ponds, rivers and wells analyzed were all basic, with low mineralization on average. The dissolved oxygen ranged from 37.5 to 70.6%, nitrate from 3.7 to 19.8 mg/L and iron from 0.01 to 3.5 mg/L. Most of the physicochemical parameters were relatively stable during the two campaigns. The degree of correlation between the physicochemical parameters and the abundance dynamics of the isolated bacteria was heterogeneous. This was clearly more pronounced with Salmonella sp. and Brucella suis. This would be due to the fraction of metabolically active cells present when the bacteria are exposed to unfavorable conditions. Correlations with the abiotic factors were less marked with Staphylococcus aureus and Brucella abortus; this would be due to their tolerance to environmental stresses.
Verbs of falling in modern Chinese
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Kholkina L. , Qiang Si
Published: November 2020

This paper deals with verbs of falling in modern Chinese within the framework of lexical typology. The core and peripheral lexemes are described in detail, the structure of disyllabic lexemes is analyzed. A description of the structure of the semantic fi eld in Chinese and summary tables reflecting the verbs characteristic of each of the basic frames are proposed. Based on the analysis of the semantics of disyllabic lexemes and the monosyllables forming them, three types of semantic relations are distinguished: disjunction, intersection and mixed. Within the disjunction type the meaning of the disyllabic item coincides with the meaning of one of the components: for 掉落 diàoluò, 洒落 sǎluò, 降落 jiàngluò, 坠落 zhuìluò, 滴落 dīluò the meaning of the whole lexeme is equivalent to the meaning of the first component, for 坍塌 tāntā — of the second component. Within the intersection type the meaning of the disyllable is the intersecting part of the values of monosyllables. E.g., 倒 dǎo covers the frames “falling of a vertical object” and “destruction of a vertical object”, 塌 tā — “destruction of a vertical object”, “falling of the supporting surface”, “falling of the ceiling”, “collapse of mountains and coasts”, and 倒塌 dǎotā — only “destruction of a vertical object”. In the mixed type the value of the disyllable does not coincide with the value of monosyllables. It is also concluded that disyllabic lexemes, in contrast to monosyllabic ones, tend to be used in written language and are rarely used in colloquial language. Monosyllabic lexemes often express both direct and figurative meanings, disyllables tend to either direct or figurative meaning.
Verbs of falling in Japanese. Physical senses and semantic shifts
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Panina A.
Published: November 2020

The paper describes the verbs of falling in Japanese (not compound, and only of native origin): ochiru ‘fall from above’, taoreru ‘fall over’, korobu ‘fall over while moving’ и furu ‘fall from the sky’, as well as the periphery of the domain: korogaru ‘(fall and) roll’, chiru ‘scatter; fall (leaves and fl owers)’ and tareru ‘hang down; drip, fall’. The domain has a well-defi ned dominant, ochiru ‘fall from above’. This term is the most frequently used, and covers falling as destruction and non-prototypical trajectors such as liquids. It also has the largest number of semantic shifts, including movement down metaphoric scales (such as ‘MORE IS UP’ and ‘GOOD IS UP’), parts missing from an information object, capitulation and others. The other verb at the core of the domain, taoreru ‘fall over’, takes both animate andinanimate trajectors, but is used metaphorically to mean illness and death, motivated by the body’s inability to stay upright. Korobu ‘fall over while moving’ historically used to be a verb of rolling. Its trajectors are mostly animate because they need to be self-propelling. Furu is primarily used for rain and snow, but examples suggest that it can be interpreted more broadly as ‘fall from above the viewpoint’. The three verbs on the periphery of the domain have primary meanings other than falling. Korogaru is related to korobu ‘fall over while moving’, but while korobu has lost the meaning of rotation, korogaru describes falling and rolling as a continuous situation. It does not distinguish between falling from above and toppling. Chiru ‘scatter; fall’ prefers multiple trajector but can metonymically be applied to a single leaf or petal. Tareru ‘hang; drip, fall’ prototypically describes liquids falling in a thin stream, but is also attested with a single drop. Neither of these verbs has any signifi cant semantic shifts, but they may be of interest in the study of adjacent domains.
Semantic field of falling in Russian sign language
Authors:   University of Melbourne, Kyuseva M.
Published: November 2020

This paper presents an analysis of the semantic fi eld of falling in Russian Sign Language (RSL). In this domain, RSL makes use of a particular group of signs usually referred to as ‘classifi er predicates’ [Zwitserlood 2012]. These signs are highly iconic and do not have correlates in spoken languages. Separate structural components of classifi er predicates, i.e. the handshape, the hand orientation, the trajectory and the direction of movement etc., describe diff erent aspects of falling. For example, the handshape determines the type of the trajector, and the direction of movement indicates the start versus end-point locations of the trajector. While some of these aspects are typically marked in both sign and spoken languages, others are unique for the languages of the visual modality. The paper gives a detailed description of the internal structure of the classifier predicates occurring in this semantic fi eld and discusses the implications these data provide for the theory of lexical typology. In particular, we explain the differences in lexicalization strategies between RSL and the spoken languages by two conceptualization modes RSL uses in this domain, i.e. the cognitive and the (purely) visual conceptualization. While the former is guided by cognitive processes and, therefore, is shared by sign and spoken languages, the latter is unique for the languages of the visual modality; it is responsible for the aspects of lexicalization based exclusively on the visual characteristics of the object/situation.
Assessment on 5S Approach Strategy for Small Medium Enterprise (SME): A Case Study in Sabah
Authors:   Mechanical Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA, Adzrie Mohd , Vincent T. ,   Mechanical Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA
Published: November 2020

This study aims to assess the 5S approach strategy for SME. 5S in simple terms is a Japanese technique consisting of five ‘S’ terms namely Seiri (sorting), Seiton (set in order), Seiso (shine), Seiketsu (standardize) and Shitsuke (sustain) which is always applied to manage the workplace. In this research, a case study will be steered at the packaging section of Fatt Choi Sdn Bhd Company located in Sabah, Malaysia to gather data for analysis. This paper targets the wastes observed in the packaging section of Fatt Choi Company and systematic elimination of them through 5 stages of 5S. Low space utilization, presence of unnecessary items, lack of proper cleaning schedule, obsolete work rules are the major wastes observed in the workplace. Through the implementation of various steps of 5S, the targeted wastes are eliminated, and better space utilization is achieved. The objectives of this paper are to assess the level of understanding for workers to encounter and adapting 5S systems which would enhance their performance, to evaluate the acceptance rate for employees to implement 5S in their work area as well as to relate the effectiveness of the 5S system in improving the worker performance and reducing unwanted waste in the industry. The researcher is able to assist with the implementation of 5S practices in the SMEs which could benefit their organization from the 5S systems, as well as the problem faced in implementation, factors of implementation and benefits experienced after the adoption of 5S lean manufacturing tools were being identified and evaluated. The results reveal that before the implementation of 5S, the survey scores varies from very poor to satisfactory( scoring from 1-3) related to the level of understanding for workers to encounter and adapting 5S systems, the acceptance rate for employees to implement 5S in their work area as well as the effectiveness of the 5S system in improving the worker performance and reducing unwanted waste in the industry but after the implementation of 5S the scores had changed from good to very good (scoring from 3-5). Survey results show a clear change can be seen before and after the implementation of 5S. The result gets positive result from the survey done by the employees after the implementation of 5S in their working area. Employees are more contented with their work environment after the implementation of 5S. This is due to the cleanliness of their workplace is maintained every day, all items and tools are adequately arranged, and they can finish their work without any delay resulting from time waste searching for tools.
Neural Network-Based System Identification for Quadcopter Dynamic Modeling: A Review
Authors:   Department of Aeronautical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering,  Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Parit Raja, 86400 Batu Pahat, Johor, MALAYSIA, Pairan Mohammad Fahmi , Shamsudin Syariful Syafiq ,   Department of Aeronautical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering,  Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Parit Raja, 86400 Batu Pahat, Johor, MALAYSIA, Zulkafli Mohd Fadhli ,   Department of Aeronautical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering,  Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Parit Raja, 86400 Batu Pahat, Johor, MALAYSIA
Published: November 2020

A quadcopter is a rotorcraft with a simple mechanical construction. It has the same hovering capability similar to the traditional helicopter, but it is easier to maintain. The quadcopter is hard to control due to its unstable system with highly coupled and non-linear dynamics. In order to design a robust control algorithm, it is crucial to obtain a precise quadrotor flight dynamics through system identification approach. System identification is a method of finding the mathematical model of the dynamics system using the input-output data measurement. Neural network (NN) based system identification is excellent alternative modeling because it reduces development costs and time by avoiding governing equations and large aerodynamic database. NN based system identification has successfully identified the quadcopter dynamics with good accuracy. This paper gives an overview of the characteristic of the quadcopter and presents a comprehensive survey of the modeling techniques used to determine the flight dynamics of a quadrotor with a particular focus on NN based system identification method. The presented research works have been classified into different categories such as the first principle modeling, system identification and implementation of NN based system identification in quadcopter platform. Finally, the paper highlights challenges that need to be addressed in developing efficient NN based system identification model for unmanned quadcopter system.
Energy Consumption Pattern of a Decentralized Community in Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 200284, NIGERIA, Isaac F. Odesola , Omotola Awoyemi ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 200284, NIGERIA, Amos Folorunso ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 200284, NIGERIA
Published: November 2020

Energy is required in the manufacturing process of various products and in the movement of goods and services within and outside a country. Energy consumption patterns, which consist of energy sources, quantities and the demographics of the consumers, help in drawing a clearer picture of the economic situation of the location. This work involves a survey of the energy consumption pattern carried out in a decentralized community. As established from the research, there is a direct correlation between economic development and energy consumption. It is therefore imperative to study the energy usage in rural areas to help decision makers tackle their energy problems. A survey questionnaire was designed for this study and energy conversion method was employed for the conversion of the raw data collected into energy units to determine the quantities of energy consumed in various sectors at the Alagbaa community in Akanran, Ona Ara Local Government Area, Oyo State, Nigeria. The survey covered a heterogeneous population of different income groups and social groups. Studies were carried out on the total and average quantities of energy consumed in the domestic (cooking and home electrification), transportation and agricultural sectors. Home electrification accounted for 37% of the total energy used while transportation, cooking and agriculture accounted for 35%, 13% and 15% respectively. From the study, it was found that economic inequality is also displayed in the choice of energy sources with higher deviation found in the total amount energy consumption. It was also realized that the least conventional source of energy, firewood, showed higher deviation. It also revealed that 50% of the energy used was channelled to non-economic activities.
Damping Impact on 1-Dimensional Ultrasonic Vibration-Assisted Turning Machining
Authors:   School of Industrial Engineering, Telkom University, Bandung 40257, INDONESIA, Arafat Mohammad , Ibrahim Rasidi ,   Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering,  Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor MALAYSIA, Hambali Muhammad Agung ,   School of Industrial Engineering, Telkom University, Bandung 40257, INDONESIA
Published: November 2020

In ultrasonic vibration-assisted turning (UVAT), vibration is one of the critical factors that causes noise during machining and affects cutting tool life, machining accuracy and workpiece surface quality. Vibration generated by piezoelectric actuators tends to transmit undesired vibration on the edge of the cutting tool and tool post. This situation hinders the maximization of vibration energy usage in the cutting tool. Thus, this paper investigated the vibration performance in the cutting tool by adding an isolator pad as damping element in the static zone of a tool holder to reduce the resonance generated during the machining process. The static, vibration and surface roughness analysis has been performed to determine the impact of damping on the machining performance. The results revealed a significant improvement in surface roughness where the best Ra for UVAT was 0.38 μm. In addition, vibration and static analysis showed the application of isolator pad capable of reducing 80% of energy loses and a supporter to increase the displacement, respectively. Ultimately this innovative solution can play an important role in improving UVAT performance.
Factors Affecting the Client's Performance in the Public Construction Projects: Case Study of Oman
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering,Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Putrajaya, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, MALAYSIA, A. AlBarami Mohamed , Thiruchelvam Sivadass ,   Department of Civil Engineering,Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Putrajaya, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, MALAYSIA, S.Ibrehem Ahmmed ,   Chemical Engineering Department,Dhofar University, Postal Code 211,Salalah, SULTANATE OF OMAN
Published: November 2020

Despite the vast research on construction projects management issues in the Middle-East, little is known about client involvement in public projects. This article presents a study on identifying significant factors affecting client participation performance in public construction projects in the Sultanate of Oman. The study was conducted in quantitative approach where the data was collected through questionnaire survey. The collected data was analysed statistically to determine the ranking of the identifiedfactors based on the degree of involvement in the project. The study found that the handover phase had the highest client’s participation, while the operations and maintenance phase had the lowest client’s participation among all the five construction phases. The low client participation in any project has an undesirable influence on the projects’ overall outcomes. Consequently, this condition has harmed the time of completion of construction projects in the Sultanate of Oman. This condition is also the main reason for the quality problems in construction projects in Oman.
Analytical Study of Nonlinear Vibrations of Marine Risers by Newton Harmonic Balance Method
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tehran University, IRAN, Rahmani Masoud , Petrudi Amin Moslemi ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tehran University, IRAN
Published: November 2020

In this paper, the nonlinear motions of marine risers are studied using the Newton's Harmonic Balance Method (NHBM). The nonlinear vibrational equations of the marine risers were obtained in the present study using the Hamilton principle and the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory. The Galerkin's decomposition technique is used to convert the partial differential governing equation (PDE) of the riser vibrations to the ordinary differential equation (ODE). By using the NHBM method, an analytical formulation has been obtained to express the natural nonlinear frequency of the riser. The effect of design parameters such as riser length and initial static displacement of high support has been investigated on riser frequency, which shows acceptable accuracy after comparing the results with previous research. The results show that fluid damping coefficient has a great effect on system instability and reducing this coefficient increases the stability range of the system. Examining the effect of nonlinear parameters shows that the effect of these parameters is greater in large amplitude of motion.
AVALIAÇÃO DO EFEITO DE BENTAZONA COMO ANTÍDOTO A HERBICIDAS APLICADOS EM PÓS-EMERGÊNCIA EM MILHO E CAPIM SUDÃO
Authors: Siqueira Paulo Ricardo Ebert , Soares Lucas Da Luz , Comin Gabriel Sanches
Published: November 2020

As plantas indesejáveis são importantes fatores de redução na produtividade e na qualidade da produção de culturas como o milho e o capim sudão. A supressão da interferência destas plantas nas culturas pode ser feita mediante o emprego de herbicidas. O emprego de antídotos é uma técnica que objetiva aumentar a tolerância das culturas à utilização de herbicidas. Desse modo, com o emprego de antídotos cria-se a possibilidade de uso de herbicidas em determinadas culturas que não seria possível sem esta proteção. No presente trabalho testou-se o efeito protetor do herbicida Bentazona nas culturas de milho e de capim sudão pulverizadas em pós emergência com os herbicidas Atrazina, Imazetapir e S-Metolacloro. Verificou-se que Imazetapir de forma isolada e em associação com Bentazona promoveu a morte das plantas de milho e de capim sudão, não sendo viável o emprego deste herbicida para tais espécies. Não foi identificado efeito protetor da Bentazona para as culturas, herbicidas e modalidade de emprego testada. Apesar das injúrias causadas os herbicidas Atrazina e S-Metolacloro não afetaram de forma significativa a produção de matéria seca das culturas testadas.
DESEMPENHO E DIGESTIBILIDADE DE FRANGOS DE CORTE ALIMENTADOS COM QUIRERA DE ARROZ
Authors: Silva Suelen Nunes , Brum Júnior Berilo De Souza , Valente Beatriz Simões , Manzke Naiana Enhardt , Lopes Débora Cristina Nichelle , Henrich Leomar André , Rutz Fernando , Xavier Eduardo Gonçalves
Published: November 2020

O estudo avaliou desempenho e digestibilidade de frangos de corte alimentados com diferentes níveis (0, 20, 40 e 60%) de quirera de arroz (QA). Utilizaram-se 500 pintos da linhagem Cobb 500. Para determinar o desempenho, 400 aves foram alojadas em boxes contendo cama de maravalha, comedouro tubular e bebedouro tipo nipple. Para avaliação da digestibilidade, 100 frangos foram mantidos em gaiolas metabólicas com comedouro calha, bebedouro tipo nipple e bandeja coletora de excretas. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado e os dados passaram por análise de variância e regressão polinomial com o auxílio do programa Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). O ganho de peso apresentou efeito quadrático em todas as semanas, aumentando até o nível de 40% de QA. O consumo de ração e a conversão alimentar não foram afetados. Verificou-se aumento linear da digestibilidade das dietas, da proteína e das cinzas, e efeito quadrático da digestibilidade do extrato etéreo, aumentando após o nível de 40% de QA. Concluiu-se que a QA pode ser incorporada na dieta de frangos de corte em até 40% em substituição ao milho, aumentando a digestibilidade e melhorando o ganho de peso.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE GENÓTIPOS DE TRITICALE PARA TOLERÂNCIA À GERMINAÇÃO NA ESPIGA
Authors: Dos Santos Fernandes Carlos Henrique
Published: November 2020

A germinação na espiga é uma das principais características a afetar a cultura do triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack), representando um fator limitante de qualidade tecnológica para a indústria de transformação e de qualidade fisiológica para a produção de sementes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar a tolerância/suscetibilidade à GE de genótipos de triticale. Para isso, 30 genótipos de triticale e três de trigo foram semeados, na safra 2016, na Estação Experimental do IAPAR/Londrina. Após a colheita, parte das espigas foi submetida à indução da germinação por nebulização em ambiente protegido, por 48 horas. Transcorridas as 48 horas de nebulização, estas foram trilhadas manualmente para a determinação da porcentagem de grãos germinados (% GG) do Peso Hectolítrico (PH) com e sem nebulização e o Numero de Queda. A análise variância constatou diferença significativa entre os genótipos de triticale para todas as características avaliadas. Dos 30 genótipos de triticale avaliados, 14 não apresentaram diferença estatística dos genótipos de trigo utilizados como testemunhas. De uma maneira geral, quatro genótipos de triticale (BRS 203, BRS Netuno, BRS Saturno e TPOLO 66) destacaram-se por apresentar baixo % de grãos germinados e manter o peso hectolítrico alto mesmo após serem expostos a 48 horas de nebulização.
TECNOLOGIA DE PRODUÇÃO DE NOZ-PECÃ NO SUL DO BRASIL
Authors: Ribeiro Crosa Claudia Farela , Marco Rudinei De , Souza Rafaela Schmidt de , Martins Carlos Roberto
Published: November 2020

A nogueira-pecã (Carya illinoinensis) é uma espécie frutífera originária do Hemisfério Norte, mas que tem se adaptado as condições edafoclimáticas do Brasil. Devido a essa adaptação seu cultivo vem aumentando de forma considerável nos últimos anos, principalmente na região Sul do país, mais precisamente no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. O objetivo desse estudo foi de caracterizar e identificar aspectos de cultivo e a adoção de práticas culturais e tecnologias para a produção de noz-pecã no Sul do Brasil. Nos anos de 2018 e 2019, foram aplicados de forma presencial um questionário semiestruturado aos produtores de nogueira-pecã a fim de caracterizar o manejo e a tecnologia de produção adotada frente às dimensões fitotécnicas de implantação do pomar, tratos culturais e manejo fitossanitário, bem como a colheita e pós-colheita. O Rio Grande do Sul mostrou-se o estado com maior produção de nogueira-pecã, apresentando pomares relativamente jovens e no início de suas produções. A sarna (Venturia effusa) é a doença que mais afeta os pomares da cultura e a formiga cortadeira foi relatada como a principal praga. No que diz respeito às cultivares, a mais implantada nos pomares é a ‘Barton’ seguida da ‘Melhorada’.
PRODUÇÃO ANIMAL E VARIÁVEIS CLIMÁTICAS EM PASTAGEM DE AZEVÉM-ANUAL TETRAPLOIDE
Authors: Fávaro Vanessa Ruiz , Córdova Ulisses De Arruda , Pinto Maicon Gaissler Lorena , Werner Simone Silmara
Published: November 2020

O objetivo foi avaliar a produção de matéria seca e ganho de peso por hectare de bovinos de corte, em pastagem de azevém-anual e a influência das variáveis climáticas em diferentes anos. O experimento foi conduzido durante dois anos consecutivos. Foram utilizados quatorze bovinos (peso vivo médio: 205,6 ± 35,4 kg; com idade aproximada de oito meses). Foram avaliadas a matéria seca da forragem disponível e residual, antes da entrada e após a saída dos animais, carga e desempenho animal, ganho de peso por área e a influência dos fatores climáticos. Os resultados foram analisados pelo programa estatístico R com nível de significância de 5%. A produção total de matéria seca foi maior no segundo ano quando comparado ao primeiro ano do experimento (6718,2 e 4555,2 kg de MS ha-1, respectivamente; P <0,05), com o percentual de variabilidade explicada pelos fatores climáticos acima de 50%. No primeiro ano do experimento a carga média foi de 1063,2 kg de peso vivo ha-1, acumulando ganho de peso por hectare de 530,8 kg em 158 dias. Já no segundo ano a carga foi de 1592,4 kg de peso vivo ha-1, com 666,4 kg de ganho de peso por hectare em 152 dias.
ATRIBUTOS BIOMÉTRICOS DA SOJA INFLUENCIADOS PELO NÍVEL DE pH DO SOLO
Authors: Brignoli Fernando Marcos , Anacleto de Souza Junior Abelino , Grando Douglas Luiz , Mumbach Gilmar Luis , Francisco Dillmann Pajara Fernando
Published: November 2020

A calibração da necessidade de calagem para um solo é de fundamental importância para a correção efetiva da acidez além de assegurar o bom desenvolvimento das culturas agrícolas. Diante disso, o objetivo do trabalho foi estabelecer a dose de corretivo de acidez mais adequada para o desenvolvimento da cultura da soja. O trabalho foi realizado em casa-de-vegetação, utilizando um Cambissolo Háplico. Os tratamentos consistiram na incorporação de CaCO3 na quantidade equivalente para elevar o pH a 6,0 e frações desta dose. Após o período de incubação determinou-se o pH do solo e posteriormente foi realizada a semeadura da soja. O pH-H2O e a acidez potencial (H+Al) variaram de 4,0 a 6,8 e 15,6 a 1,3 cmolc dm-3 entre a menor e maior dose de corretivo, respectivamente. O incremento de massa seca da parte aérea foi proporcional a quantidade de corretivo, com produtividade máxima para a dose de 110% do preconizado, com posterior declínio. O número de vagens e a massa seca das raízes também foram positivamente influenciados pelo aumento da dose. Com base na correlação entre os componentes do solo e da planta, a quantidade de CaCO3 recomendada para a cultura da soja neste solo é de 10 Mg ha-1.
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PSEUDOCEREALS SEEDS
Authors: Rosa Thaís D'Avila , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Szareski Vinícius Jardel , Moura Natã Balsan , Lautenchleger , Francine , Matos Filipe Pedra , Maldaner Vanessa , Gadotti Gizele Ingrid , Villela Francisco Amaral
Published: November 2020

With the increase of the world population, we are looking for alternatives to supply the world's food demand. In view of this, and of the numerous benefits of the exploration of new crops as it happens with the pseudocereals, it becomes increasingly necessary studies on this subject, therefore, results that allow the implantation of these crops in the productive sector are of extreme relevance, with the purpose of facilitating its production, management and consequently its commercialization. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical properties of amaranth and quinoa seeds. As results for the water content of 13.1% and 12.5% of amaranth and quinoa, the porosity results were, respectively, 35.5 and 39.7% and the slope angle of 25° amaranth and 28,26° quinoa. The length, width and thickness were 0.825 mm, 1.287 mm and 1.389 mm for amaranth seeds and 2.025 mm, 2.04 mm, 1.06 mm for quinoa. Sphericity was 93% for amaranth seed and 52% for quinoa. When the electrical property was evaluated, the permissivity values were 3.26 in amaranth and 3.10 in quinoa. The specific mass and weight of one thousand amaranth seeds were 804.7 kg m-³ and 0.78 g and for quinoa seeds of 720.7 kg m-³ and 3.01 g.
RICE SEEDLING PERFORMANCE TREATED WITH GIBBERELLIC ACID AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES
Authors: Schuch Luis Osmar Braga , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Troyjack Cristian , Pimentel João Roberto , Moura Nata Balsan , Vilella Francisco Amaral , Pedó Tiago , Guadagnin Cristina Mayumi Ide
Published: November 2020

This work aimed to evaluate the initial performance of seedlings originated from seeds of rice cultivars treated with gibberellic acid and exposed to different growth temperatures. The cultivars SCS - 112, BRS 7-TAIM, BR IRGA 410 and IRGA 417 were used, soaked in concentrations of gibberellic acid of 0; 150; 300; 450; 600 and 750 mg L-1 and taken into germinator under temperatures of 15; 20 and 25oC. The evaluations were performed in relation to shoot and root of rice seedlings at 3; 7 and 21 days after sowing. The cultivars showed different dry matter production of shoot and root as gibberellic acid concentration, temperature and time of evaluation. The better initial performance of seedlings exposed to gibberellic acid shows the higher expression of the rice seeds vigor and demonstrates the superiority in efficiency of different physiological processes involved in the resumption of growth the embryo. Thus, gibberellic acid favors the growth of the rice seedlings over time.
VARIABILIDADE ESPACIAL DE ATRIBUTOS QUÍMICOS DE UM ARGISSOLO AMARELO DISTROCOESO EM DIFERENTES DENSIDADES DE AMOSTRAGEM
Authors: Lopes Klayton Antonio do Lago , Aguiar Francisco Ivo Dos Santos , Oliveira Ismênia Ribeiro de , Dantas Jussara Silva
Published: November 2020

O presente trabalho objetivou caracterizar a distribuição espacial dos atributos químicos de um Argissolo Amarelo distrocoeso típico em função de diferentes densidades de amostragem. Foram estabelecidas três grades amostrais quadradas com 80, 100 e 121 pontos em uma área de produção de soja de 6,2 ha, na profundidade de 0,0-0,2 m. Foram analisados os atributos matéria orgânica, cálcio e fósforo remanescente. Para analisar a precisão da interpolação foram utilizados a raiz quadrada do erro médio e o quadrado médio do erro.  Os três atributos apresentaram grau de dependência espacial moderado nas três densidades amostrais estudadas. Os atributos matéria orgânica, cálcio e fósforo remanescente apresentaram os menores valores da raiz quadrada do erro médio e do quadrado médio do erro em grades amostrais distintas. Não havendo diferença significativa no erro entre as três intensidades amostrais analisadas, em função destes parâmetros estudados. Os mapas de krigagem demonstraram semelhança entre a distribuição espacial dos atributos nas três intensidades amostrais avaliadas. Em uma área de 6,2 ha, a quantidade de pontos amostrais (80, 100 e 121 pontos) não interferiu significativamente na análise da variabilidade espacial dos atributos químicos do solo e no detalhamento das informações dos mapas interpolados por krigagem.
EVOLUÇÃO DOS SISTEMAS DE PRODUÇÃO DE SUÍNOS E AVES EM UM MUNICÍPIO DA REGIÃO CELEIRO
Authors: Finken Emerson Saueressig , Webers Endrio , Guerra Divanilde , Silva Danni Maisa , Lanzanova Luciane Sippert
Published: November 2020

O município de Três Passos pertencente a região Noroeste, vem ganhando destaque nos últimos anos pela produção de proteína animal, principalmente no setor cárneo de aves e suínos. Para tanto o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a evolução dos sistemas de produção de aves e suínos no município de Três Passos-RS. A análise foi realizada a partir de dados do programa SEFAZ da Secretaria de Agricultura do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, com informações dos anos de 2011 até 2019 para aves e de 2008 até 2019 para suínos. Os resultados demonstram um aumento significativo no número de produtores e de animais alojados. O número de produtores de suínos aumentou de 84 para 115, enquanto que o número de animais alojadas passou de 31.150 para 69.830 animais. Já os produtores de aves passaram de dois para 27, e os animais alojados evoluíram de 25.000 para 688.200 animais. Ainda, o município conta com políticas públicas de fomento a suinocultura e avicultura e com frigoríficos instalados na região, o que pode estar correlacionado positivamente com os resultados observados. Portanto, ocorreu uma evolução no número de animais alojados e de produtores nos últimos anos no município de Três Passos.
DENSIDADE DE SEMEADURA, ESTABELECIMENTO E PRODUÇÃO DE MATÉRIA SECA DE CEVADILHA VACARIANA.
Authors: Oliveira João Carlos Pinto , Da Silva Renata Dill Duarte , Silva Evelise Ferreira , Scuro Valeska Marcolin
Published: November 2020

Bromus auleticus Trinius, ou cevadilha vacariana, é uma espécie hibernal, perene, nativa dos campos do sul do Brasil, do Uruguai e da Argentina. O lento estabelecimento é um dos problemas apontados na maioria dos trabalhos como a principal dificuldade para a sua utilização como pastagem perene de inverno. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o efeito da densidade de semeadura sobre o estabelecimento e a produção de matéria seca em B. auleticus, no primeiro e no segundo ano de produção de uma pastagem. Os tratamentos aplicados foram densidades de semeadura de 570 (T1), 840 (T2), 1.100 (T3), 1.350 (T4) e 1.700 (T5) sementes viáveis.m-2. Não houve diferença significativa entre os tratamentos para o número de plântulas até os 35 dias, nem para altura de plantas até os 100 dias após o plantio e também para o número de dias entre o plantio e o primeiro corte. A produção de matéria seca também não foi afetada pelos tratamentos. Neste experimento a densidade de semeadura não teve influência sobre nenhuma das características avaliadas. Também não foi possível se estabelecer uma associação entre número de plantas e produção de matéria seca no primeiro corte, no ano do estabelecimento.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO USO DA DOSE CORRETA NA ADUBAÇÃO NITROGENADA DE TIFTON 85
Authors: Patzlaff Nédio Luís , Zulpo Alisson Perin , Rossi Danieli Simonetti
Published: November 2020

O estudo avaliou as respostas produtivas (massa verde - MV e massa seca - MS), a taxa de acúmulo de forragem - TAF, e a capacidade de suporte - CS da pastagem perene de verão Tifton 85 submetida à restrição ou excesso de nitrogênio em relação à dose recomendada. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, com três doses de N: “meia”, “correta” e “dobro” e quatro repetições em cada tratamento. Após um corte de uniformização, aplicou-se N na forma de ureia de acordo com os tratamentos, e aguardou-se 33 dias até os cortes de amostragem, tempo que a pastagem levou para atingir uma altura média de aproximadamente 25-28 cm. Utilizou-se um quadrado de peças de PVC encaixadas com 0,25 m2, lançado aleatoriamente na parcela, para delimitar a área a ser cortada em cada amostragem. Os dados foram submetidos à testes de homogeneidade e normalidade, análise de variância e teste de comparação de médias por Tukey para os dados paramétricos e, para os não paramétricos, teste de Kruskal Wallis e de Wilcoxon (p<0,03) no programa R. Houve influência dos tratamentos sobre todos os parâmetros avaliados, sendo que o tratamento “correta” foi superior em produção de MV, MS, TAF e CS. Já o teor de MS (%) foi maior no tratamento com restrição de N (meia).
EFEITO DA PROFUNDIDADE DA ÁGUA NA LARVICULTURA DO Betta splendens
Authors: Gomes Veruska Dilyanne Silva , Amâncio Alda Lúcia de Lima , Cavalcanti Cácio Ribeiro , Araújo Matheus Henrique Cardoso de
Published: November 2020

A fase de larvicultura é considera um período crítico na produção comercial de peixes. No cenário ornamental faltam informações sobre esta fase mesmo em espécies de grande interesse comercial, por isso, mediar condições ambientais adequadas pode promover maior sobrevivência e melhores índices zootécnicos no peixe destinado ao mercado da aquariofilia. A presente pesquisa foi realizada com o objetivo de determinar a profundidade da água que possibilita melhores índices de crescimento, desenvolvimento e sobrevivência durante a larvicultura do peixe ornamental Betta splendens. Foram utilizadas 260 larvas da espécie ornamental Betta splendens com três dias de vida, sendo submetidas ao período experimental por 15 dias. As larvas foram distribuídas em quatro profundidades (2,5 cm; 5,0 cm; 7,5 cm e 10 cm), compondo um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro tratamentos e cinco repetições. Foram avaliados o comprimento final, ganho em comprimento, peso final, taxa de desenvolvimento específico, taxa de uniformidade e sobrevivência. As larvas mantidas nas profundidades de até 5,0 cm apresentaram melhores índices de crescimento e desenvolvimento. A sobrevivência foi maior nas larvas mantidas em profundidades de até 7,5 cm.
EFEITO DO SISTEMA DE SUSTENTAÇÃO NA INCIDÊNCIA E SEVERIDADE DE ANTRACNOSE NA VIDEIRA SAUVIGNON BLANC
Authors: Wurz Douglas André , Reinehr Juliana , Canossa Adrielen Tamiris , Outemane Marcus , Rufato Leo , Allebrandt Ricardo , De Bem Betina
Published: November 2020

A escolha do sistema de condução deve estar obrigatoriamente associada ao tipo de produção requerida, levando em consideração a facilidade de manejo, os custos e a capacidade da mão de obra em compreender o sistema, afetando diretamente a ocorrência de doenças da videira, entre as quais, destaca-se a antracnose. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo comparar dois sistemas de sustentação e o seu efeito na incidência e severidade da doença antracnose na videira Sauvignon Blanc cultivada em região de elevada altitude de Santa Catarina. O presente estudo foi realizado em um vinhedo experimental localizado no munícipio de Lages – Santa Catarina, durante a safra 2017/2018. Foram utilizadas plantas de Vitis vinifera L. variedade Sauvignon Blanc, em dois sistemas de condução, espaldeira e manjedoura. A avaliação foi realizada em 02/02/2018, em todas as folhas de três ramos medianos por plantas, e em todos os ramos de cada planta. Os dados das médias da incidência e da severidade da doença foram transformados pelo arco seno da raiz quadrada para normalização da distribuição estatística, e foram submetidas à análise de variância (ANOVA). A escolha do sistema de sustentação influencia a incidência e a severidade da antracnose da videira, nas folhas e nos ramos, sendo verificado uma maior incidência e severidade de antracnose nas folhas e ramos da videira no sistema de sustentação manjedoura.