bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Self-Management Strategies in Recovery From Mood and Anxiety Disorders
Authors: Villaggi Benjamin , Provencher Hélène , Coulombe Simon , Meunier Sophie , Radziszewski Stephanie , Hudon Catherine , Roberge Pasquale , Provencher Martin D. , Houle Janie
Published: September 2015

Mood and anxiety disorders are the most prevalent mental disorders. People with such disorders implement self-management strategies to reduce or prevent their symptoms and to optimize their health and well-being. Even though self-management strategies are known to be essential to recovery, few researchers have examined them. The aim of this study is to explore strategies used by people recovering from depressive, anxiety, and bipolar disorders by asking 50 of them to describe their own strategies. Strategies were classified according to dimensions of recovery: social, existential, functional, physical, and clinical. Within these themes, 60 distinct strategies were found to be used synergistically to promote personal recovery as well as symptom reduction. Findings highlight the diversity of strategies used by people, whether they have depressive, anxiety, or bipolar disorders. This study underscores the importance of supporting self-management in a way that respects individual experience.
Natural history and outcome of light chain deposition disease
Authors: Sayed Rabya H. , Wechalekar Ashutosh D. , Gilbertson Janet A. , Bass Paul , Mahmood Shameem , Sachchithanantham Sajitha , Fontana Marianna , Patel Ketna , Whelan Carol J. , Lachmann Helen J. , Hawkins Philip N. , Gillmore Julian D.
Published: September 2015

Key Points

Deep clonal responses to chemotherapy are associated with improved renal and overall outcomes in patients with light chain deposition disease. Deep clonal responses should be targeted, even in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease from light chain deposition disease.
Impaired signaling through the Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 receptor increases osteoclast formation and bone damage in arthritis
Authors: Svensson Mattias N D , Erlandsson Malin C , Jonsson Ing-Marie , Andersson Karin M E , Bokarewa Maria I
Published: September 2015

Osteoclasts are bone-resorbing cells that accumulate in the joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis causing severe bone damage. Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand is enriched in the synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and local exposure to Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand aggravates arthritis in mice. Because Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand has been suggested to facilitate osteoclast differentiation, we asked whether Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand affects bone remodeling in arthritis. The effect of Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 signaling on osteoclast development was studied by immunohistochemistry in methylated bovine serum albumin–induced arthritis using mice that lack the gene for Flt3l (Flt3L−/−) and by an in vitro assay. Bone and joint changes were studied morphologically and by microcomputer tomography. We found that Flt3L−/− mice had increased accumulations of osteoclasts in the periarticular area of the arthritic joint. This triggered bone destruction and trabecular bone loss. The increased number of osteoclasts in Flt3L−/− mice may be a consequence of insufficient expression of interferon regulatory factor 8. Treatment of Flt3L−/− mice with Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand increased expression of interferon regulatory factor 8, reduced the number of osteoclasts in arthritic mice, and promoted trabecular bone formation. Finally, the reduced number of regulatory T cells in the bone marrow of Flt3L−/− mice could further contribute to the increased osteoclastogenesis by reducing the ratio of regulatory T cells to T helper 17 cells. This study shows that Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand may serve as a negative regulator of osteoclast development by promoting transcription of interferon regulatory factor 8 and sustaining a balance between protective regulatory T cells and pathogenic T helper 17 cells in the pathogenesis of arthritis.
An iterative method for the accurate determination of airborne gravity horizontal components using strapdown inertial navigation system/global navigation satellite system
Authors: Cai Shaokun , Zhang Kaidong , Wu Meiping , Huang Yangming , Yang Yapeng
Published: September 2015

In strapdown inertial navigation system and global navigation satellite system-based airborne gravimetry, there is a circular problem between the navigation solution and the gravity vector estimation. On one hand, the gravity vector estimation depends on the navigation solution. On the other hand, the navigation solution requires a predetermined gravity model. The normal gravity, which differs from the actual gravity by an amount known as the gravity disturbance, is commonly used for the navigation solution, and this will result in errors of gravimetry. We reviewed this problem and found that an iterative method can be effective if there were no gyroscope biases in the inertial navigation system measurements. Iteratively, the differences between the estimated gravity vector and actual gravity vector can converge to constant values in this specific condition. If we know the gravity values at the endpoints of each survey line, these constant values can be compensated for by matching these endpoints. After such compensations, the repeatability of the estimated horizontal gravity components can be improved significantly. An application to real airborne data was performed to test the validity of the new method. The results yielded an internal accuracy in the horizontal component of approximately 3 mGal with a spatial resolution of 4.8 km.
Asymmetric chirplet transform for sparse representation of seismic data
Authors: Boßmann Florian , Ma Jianwei
Published: September 2015

For a fast and accurate extraction of important information in seismic signals, a sparse representation based on the physical parameters of the given data is crucial. We have used the asymmetric Gaussian chirplet model (AGCM) and established a dictionary-free variant of the orthogonal matching pursuit, a greedy algorithm for sparse approximation. The atoms of AGCM, so-called chirplets, display asymmetric oscillation attenuation properties, which make the AGCM very suitable for sparse representation of absorption decay seismic signals. Unlike the Fourier transform, which assumes that the seismic signals consist of plane waves, the AGCM assumes that the seismic signal consists of nonstationary compressed plane waves, i.e., symmetric or asymmetric chirplets. Thus, AGCM is a general model for seismic wave simulation, and its model parameters include an envelope part and a phase part. We have mainly concentrated on the parameters of the envelope part, such as the envelope amplitude and arrival time. We provide numerical examples using the algorithm for seismic signal approximation and arrival-time detection. The results indicated promising performance but also may be improved considering the spatial correlations of seismic data.
Effect of Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor on Prevention and Treatment of Invasive Fungal Disease in Recipients of Allogeneic Stem-Cell Transplantation: A Prospective Multicenter Randomized Phase IV Trial
Authors: Wan Liping , Zhang Yicheng , Lai Yongrong , Jiang Ming , Song Yongping , Zhou Jianfeng , Zhang Zhongming , Duan Xianlin , Fu Yuewen , Liao Lianming , Wang Chun
Published: September 2015

Purpose

For recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (alloHSCT), we hypothesized that prophylactic therapy during neutropenia with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) decreases invasive fungal disease (IFD).

Patients and Methods

We randomly assigned 206 patients undergoing alloHSCT to receive once-daily subcutaneous GM-CSF (5 to 7 μg/kg per day), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF; 5 to 7 μg/kg per day), or a combination of G-CSF and GM-CSF (2 to 3 μg/kg per day each). Treatment was started on day 5 after transplantation and was continued until the absolute neutrophil count was ≥ 1.5 × 109/L for 2 consecutive days. The primary outcomes were 100-day incidence of proven and probable IFD and response rate of antifungal treatment.

Results

For the intent-to-treat population, there was no significant difference in 100-day incidences of proven and probable IFD among the three groups. The antifungal treatment response was better in the GM-CSF group and G-CSF+GM-CSF group than in G-CSF group from day 22 to day 100 (P = .009). The 100-day cumulative mortality after transplantation was lower in the GM-CSF group than in the G-CSF group (10.3% v 24.6%, respectively; P = .037). The GM-CSF and G-CSF+GM-CSF groups had lower 100-day transplantation-related mortality than the G-CSF group (8.8%, 8.7%, and 21.7%, respectively; P = .034). After a median follow-up of 600 days, IFD-related mortality was lower in the groups that received GM-CSF or G-CSF+GM-CSF compared with G-CSF (1.47%, 1.45%, and 11.59%, respectively; P = .016). There were no significant differences in relapse, graft-versus-host disease, or hemorrhage-related mortality among the three groups of patients.

Conclusion

For recipients of alloHSCT, compared with G-CSF, prophylactic GM-CSF was associated with lower 100-day transplantation-related mortality, lower 100-day cumulative mortality, and lower 600-day IFD-related mortality.
International Atomic Energy Agency Randomized Phase III Study of Radiation Therapy in Elderly and/or Frail Patients With Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma Multiforme
Authors: Roa Wilson , Kepka Lucyna , Kumar Narendra , Sinaika Valery , Matiello Juliana , Lomidze Darejan , Hentati Dalenda , Guedes de Castro Douglas , Dyttus-Cebulok Katarzyna , Drodge Suzanne , Ghosh Sunita , Jeremić Branislav , Rosenblatt Eduardo , Fidarova Elena
Published: September 2015

Purpose

The optimal radiotherapy regimen for elderly and/or frail patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma remains to be established. This study compared two radiotherapy regimens on the outcome of these patients.

Patients and Methods

Between 2010 and 2013, 98 patients (frail = age ≥ 50 years and Karnofsky performance status [KPS] of 50% to 70%; elderly and frail = age ≥ 65 years and KPS of 50% to 70%; elderly = age ≥ 65 years and KPS of 80% to 100%) were prospectively randomly assigned to two arms in a 1:1 ratio, stratified by age (< and ≥ 65 years old), KPS, and extent of surgical resection. Arm 1 received short-course radiotherapy (25 Gy in five daily fractions over 1 week), and arm 2 received commonly used radiotherapy (40 Gy in 15 daily fractions over 3 weeks).

Results

The short-course radiotherapy was noninferior to commonly used radiotherapy. The median overall survival time was 7.9 months (95% CI, 6.3 to 9.6 months) in arm 1 and 6.4 months (95% CI, 5.1 to 7.6 months) in arm 2 (P = .988). Median progression-free survival time was 4.2 months (95% CI, 2.5 to 5.9) in arm 1 and 4.2 months (95% CI, 2.6 to 5.7) in arm B (P = .716). With a median follow-up time of 6.3 months, the quality of life between both arms at 4 weeks after treatment and 8 weeks after treatment was not different.

Conclusion

There were no differences in overall survival time, progression-free survival time, and quality of life between patients receiving the two radiotherapy regimens. In view of the reduced treatment time, the short 1-week radiotherapy regimen may be recommended as a treatment option for elderly and/or frail patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma.
Combined BRAF and MEK Inhibition With Dabrafenib and Trametinib in BRAF V600–Mutant Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Corcoran Ryan B. , Atreya Chloe E. , Falchook Gerald S. , Kwak Eunice L. , Ryan David P. , Bendell Johanna C. , Hamid Omid , Messersmith Wells A. , Daud Adil , Kurzrock Razelle , Pierobon Mariaelena , Sun Peng , Cunningham Elizabeth , Little Shonda , Orford Keith , Motwani Monica , Bai Yuchen , Patel Kiran , Venook Alan P. , Kopetz Scott
Published: September 2015

Purpose

To evaluate dabrafenib, a selective BRAF inhibitor, combined with trametinib, a selective MEK inhibitor, in patients with BRAF V600–mutant metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).

Patients and Methods

A total of 43 patients with BRAF V600–mutant mCRC were treated with dabrafenib (150 mg twice daily) plus trametinib (2 mg daily), 17 of whom were enrolled onto a pharmacodynamic cohort undergoing mandatory biopsies before and during treatment. Archival tissues were analyzed for microsatellite instability, PTEN status, and 487-gene sequencing. Patient-derived xenografts were established from core biopsy samples.

Results

Of 43 patients, five (12%) achieved a partial response or better, including one (2%) complete response, with duration of response > 36 months; 24 patients (56%) achieved stable disease as best confirmed response. Ten patients (23%) remained in the study > 6 months. All nine evaluable during-treatment biopsies had reduced levels of phosphorylated ERK relative to pretreatment biopsies (average decrease ± standard deviation, 47% ± 24%). Mutational analysis revealed that the patient achieving a complete response and two of three evaluable patients achieving a partial response had PIK3CA mutations. Neither PTEN loss nor microsatellite instability correlated with efficacy. Responses to dabrafenib plus trametinib were comparable in patient-derived xenograft–bearing mice and the biopsied lesions from each corresponding patient.

Conclusion

The combination of dabrafenib plus trametinib has activity in a subset of patients with BRAF V600–mutant mCRC. Mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling was inhibited in all patients evaluated, but to a lesser degree than observed in BRAF-mutant melanoma with dabrafenib alone. PIK3CA mutations were identified in responding patients and thus do not preclude response to this regimen. Additional studies targeting the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in this disease are warranted.
Enobosarm (GTx-024) Modulates Adult Skeletal Muscle Mass Independently of the Androgen Receptor in the Satellite Cell Lineage
Authors: Dubois Vanessa , Simitsidellis Ioannis , Laurent Michaël R. , Jardi Ferran , Saunders Philippa T. K. , Vanderschueren Dirk , Claessens Frank
Published: September 2015

Androgens increase skeletal muscle mass, but their clinical use is hampered by a lack of tissue selectivity and subsequent side effects. Selective androgen receptor modulators elicit muscle-anabolic effects while only sparingly affecting reproductive tissues. The selective androgen receptor modulator, GTx-024 (enobosarm), is being investigated for cancer cachexia, sarcopenia, and muscle wasting diseases. Here we investigate the role of muscle androgen receptor (AR) in the anabolic effect of GTx-024. In mice lacking AR in the satellite cell lineage (satARKO), the weight of the androgen-sensitive levator ani muscle was lower but was decreased further upon orchidectomy. GTx-024 was as effective as DHT in restoring levator ani weights to sham levels. Expression of the muscle-specific, androgen-responsive genes S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase and myostatin was decreased by orchidectomy and restored by GTx-024 and DHT in control mice, whereas the expression was low and unaffected by androgen status in satARKO. In contrast, insulin-like growth factor 1Ea expression was not different between satARKO and control muscle, decreased upon castration, and was restored by DHT and GTx-024 in both genotypes. These data indicate that GTx-024 does not selectively modulate AR in the satellite cell lineage and that cells outside this lineage remain androgen responsive in satARKO muscle. Indeed, residual AR-positive cells were present in satARKO muscle, coexpressing the fibroblast-lineage marker vimentin. AR positive, muscle-resident fibroblasts could therefore be involved in the indirect effects of androgens on muscle. In conclusion, both DHT and GTx-024 target AR pathways in the satellite cell lineage, but cells outside this lineage also contribute to the anabolic effects of androgens.
The Transcription Factor MEF2 Is a Novel Regulator of Gsta Gene Class in Mouse MA-10 Leydig Cells
Authors: Di-Luoffo Mickaël , Brousseau Catherine , Bergeron Francis , Tremblay Jacques J.
Published: September 2015

Testosterone is essential for spermatogenesis and the development of male sexual characteristics. However, steroidogenesis produces a significant amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can disrupt testosterone production. The myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) is an important regulator of organogenesis and cell differentiation in various tissues. In the testis, MEF2 is present in Sertoli and Leydig cells throughout fetal and adult life. MEF2-deficient MA-10 Leydig cells exhibit a significant decrease in steroidogenesis concomitant with a reduction in glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity and in the expression of the 4 Gsta members (GST) that encode ROS inactivating enzymes. Here, we report a novel role for MEF2 in ROS detoxification by directly regulating Gsta expression in Leydig cells. Endogenous Gsta1–4 mRNA levels were decreased in MEF2-deficient MA-10 Leydig cells. Conversely, overexpression of MEF2 increased endogenous Gsta1 levels. MEF2 recruitment to the proximal Gsta1 promoter and direct binding on the −506-bp MEF2 element were confirmed by chromatin immunoprecipitation and DNA precipitation assays. In MA-10 Leydig cells, MEF2 activates the Gsta1 promoter and cooperates with Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinases I to further enhance Gsta1 promoter activity. These effects were lost when the −506-bp MEF2 element was mutated or when a MEF2-Engrailed dominant negative protein was used. Similar results were obtained on the Gsta2, Gsta3, and Gsta4 promoters, suggesting a global role for MEF2 factors in the regulation of all 4 Gsta genes. Altogether, our results identify a novel role for MEF2 in the expression of genes involved in ROS detoxification, a process essential for adequate testosterone production in Leydig cells.
C-Jun NH2-Terminal Kinase and p38 Inhibition Suppresses Prostaglandin E2-Stimulated Aromatase and Estrogen Receptor Levels in Human Endometriosis
Authors: Zeng Cheng , Xu Jia-ning , Zhou Yan , Yang Hui-xia , Zhou Ying-fang , Xue Qing
Published: September 2015

Context:

Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent disease. P38 and C-jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitors may have a therapeutic effect on endometriosis through regulation of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)-induced estrogen metabolism.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to determine whether the activated MAPKs signaling pathway observed in human ectopic endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) from ovarian endometriomas influences levels of aromatase and estrogen receptor β (ERβ) protein regulated by PGE2. In turn, the effects of inhibiting MAPKs in the presence of PGE2 on estrogen production were investigated in vitro and in vivo.

Results:

Expression of aromatase and ERβ regulated by PGE2 were much higher in ESCs than eutopic ESCs from the same person. Activation of p38, JNK, ERK 1/2 and ERK 5 MAPKs by PGE2 were observed in ESCs, where PGE2-stimulated aromatase and ERβ expression mainly through p38 and JNK pathway. P38 and JNK inhibition or small interfering RNA knockdown blocked PGE2-induced aromatase and ERβ expression. PGE2 enhanced binding of downstream p38 and JNK transcription factors activating transcription factor-2 and c-Jun to aromatase and ERB promoter regions in ESCs. Moreover, treatment of endometriosis xenografts with inhibitors of p38 and JNK abrogated PGE2-amplified estradiol synthesis and xenograft growth.

Conclusions:

PGE2 activates p38 and JNK signaling pathways, further stimulating c-Jun and activating transcription factor-2 binding to aromatase and ERB promoter regions with elevated estradiol production. Inhibition of JNK and P38 may be a potential method of treating human endometriosis.
Modeling mouse and human development using organoid cultures
Authors: Huch Meritxell , Koo Bon-Kyoung
Published: September 2015

In vitro three-dimensional (3D) cultures are emerging as novel systems with which to study tissue development, organogenesis and stem cell behavior ex vivo. When grown in a 3D environment, embryonic stem cells (ESCs) self-organize into organoids and acquire the right tissue patterning to develop into several endoderm- and ectoderm-derived tissues, mimicking their in vivo counterparts. Tissue-resident adult stem cells (AdSCs) also form organoids when grown in 3D and can be propagated in vitro for long periods of time. In this Review, we discuss recent advances in the generation of pluripotent stem cell- and AdSC-derived organoids, highlighting their potential for enhancing our understanding of human development. We will also explore how this new culture system allows disease modeling and gene repair for a personalized regenerative medicine approach.
Development and function of human cerebral cortex neural networks from pluripotent stem cells in vitro
Authors: Kirwan Peter , Turner-Bridger Benita , Peter Manuel , Momoh Ayiba , Arambepola Devika , Robinson Hugh P. C. , Livesey Frederick J.
Published: September 2015

A key aspect of nervous system development, including that of the cerebral cortex, is the formation of higher-order neural networks. Developing neural networks undergo several phases with distinct activity patterns in vivo, which are thought to prune and fine-tune network connectivity. We report here that human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived cerebral cortex neurons form large-scale networks that reflect those found in the developing cerebral cortex in vivo. Synchronised oscillatory networks develop in a highly stereotyped pattern over several weeks in culture. An initial phase of increasing frequency of oscillations is followed by a phase of decreasing frequency, before giving rise to non-synchronous, ordered activity patterns. hPSC-derived cortical neural networks are excitatory, driven by activation of AMPA- and NMDA-type glutamate receptors, and can undergo NMDA-receptor-mediated plasticity. Investigating single neuron connectivity within PSC-derived cultures, using rabies-based trans-synaptic tracing, we found two broad classes of neuronal connectivity: most neurons have small numbers (<10) of presynaptic inputs, whereas a small set of hub-like neurons have large numbers of synaptic connections (>40). These data demonstrate that the formation of hPSC-derived cortical networks mimics in vivo cortical network development and function, demonstrating the utility of in vitro systems for mechanistic studies of human forebrain neural network biology.
Hsa-miR-30d, secreted by the human endometrium, is taken up by the pre-implantation embryo and might modify its transcriptome
Authors: Vilella Felipe , Moreno-Moya Juan M. , Balaguer Nuria , Grasso Alessia , Herrero Maria , Martínez Sebastian , Marcilla Antonio , Simón Carlos
Published: September 2015

During embryo implantation, the blastocyst interacts with and regulates the endometrium, and endometrial fluid secreted by the endometrial epithelium nurtures the embryo. Here, we propose that maternal microRNAs (miRNAs) might act as transcriptomic modifier of the pre-implantation embryo. Microarray profiling revealed that six of 27 specific, maternal miRNAs were differentially expressed in the human endometrial epithelium during the window of implantation – a brief phase of endometrial receptivity to the blastocyst – and were released into the endometrial fluid. Further investigation revealed that hsa-miR-30d, the expression levels of which were most significantly upregulated, was secreted as an exosome-associated molecule. Exosome-associated and free hsa-miR-30d was internalized by mouse embryos via the trophectoderm, resulting in an indirect overexpression of genes encoding for certain molecules involved in the murine embryonic adhesion phenomenon – Itgb3, Itga7 and Cdh5. Indeed, this finding was supported by evidence in vitro: treating murine embryos with miR-30d resulted in a notable increase in embryo adhesion. Our results suggest a model in which maternal endometrial miRNAs act as transcriptomic modifiers of the pre-implantation embryo.
Human development: a Special Issue
Authors: Pourquié Olivier
Published: September 2015

Summary: With this Special Issue, Development signals its strong interest in the field of human development – a new research frontier opened up by recent technological advances.
Transfer Entropy Weighting Soft Subspace Clustering
Authors: You Cong-Zhe , Wu Xiao-Jun
Published: September 2015

In order to get better clustering precision, the traditional clustering algorithms usually need the support of large amount of historical data. The impact it brings about is: the previous clustering algorithm seems not effective if there exists some information losses in the current situation data collection and the division relationship between datasets is not significant. In this study, a novel clustering technique called transfer entropy weighting soft subspace clustering algorithm (T_EWSC) is proposed by employing the historical information. The properties of this algorithm are investigated and performance is evaluated experimentally using real datasets, including UCI benchmarking datasets, high dimensional gene expression datasets. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is able to use historical information to make up for the inadequacy of the current information and perform well.
A Novel Multi-Indicator Evaluation Algorithm for Identifying the Important Nodes in Complex Networks
Authors: Hu Fang , Liu Yuhua , Jin Jianzhi
Published: September 2015

Identification of important nodes is an emerging hot topic in complex networks over the last few years. Various measures have been proposed to characterize the importance of nodes in complex networks, such as the degree, betweenness, closeness, etc. At present, most algorithms of important node evaluation are based on the single-indicator, which can't reflect the whole condition of the complex network. Therefore, in this paper, after choosing multiple indicators from degree centrality, closeness centrality, eigenvector centrality, information centrality, density/clustering coefficient, mutual-information centrality, etc., and a new multi-indicator evaluation algorithm based on Locally Linear Embedding (LLE) for identifying important nodes in complex network is proposed. This proposed algorithm is compared with some single-indicator algorithms and other mainstream multi-indicator algorithms based on real-world networks. Through comprehensive analysis, the experimental results show that the proposed method performs quite well in evaluating the importance of nodes, and it is rational, effective, integral and accurate.
Sarsa(Λ)-Based Logistics Planning Approximated by Value Function with Policy Iteration
Authors: Tang Yu
Published: September 2015

The logistics planning problem has been extensively investigated for a long time. However, with the increasing number of stochastic events occurred in road, increasing number of stochastic factors should be taken into consideration. A dynamic approach is used in this paper to solve the logistics planning problem in the common form of stochastic demand with the reinforcement learning framework which is able to optimize policy in unknown environments and uncertain cases. We take advantage of clustering method to extract states as main features for basis function so as to solve the dimensionality curse problems caused by stochastic settings. We also propose an approximation approach with the policy iteration restricted by the goal of minimal time differential error to approximate the stochastic cases of the real world, and then use the attained approximation parameters as input for the proposed Sarsa(Λ)-based logistics planning algorithm to determine the policy and action in accordance with the real world stochastic events. The benchmarking experimental results showed that the proposed algorithm has achieved improvements in almost all the test cases.
Modelling of the Influence of Creep Strains on the Fire Response of Stationary Heated Steel Members
Authors: Torić N. , Harapin A. , Boko I.
Published: September 2015

The paper presents an application of a newly developed implicit procedure for including steel creep strain into structural fire analysis through modelling a series of stationary fire tests. An implicit modelling procedure is incorporated into customized structural fire analysis software. Four stationary fire tests on simply supported, steel members were modelled using strain modified stress-strain curves. Strain modified curve was obtained by adding the creep strain directly into the steel stationary stress-strain material curve. The proposed implicit procedure in this manner attempts to create an equivalent transient stress-strain curve from the provided stationary stress-strain curve. The proposed implicit procedure was able to provide satisfactory prediction of member deflections in the temperature region of 400-700°C.
FDS Versus En-Models: A Comparison between the Heskestad Model from EN and CFD Results
Authors: Molkens Tom
Published: September 2015

Since FDS simulations of real fire scenarios are time-consuming, parametric studies are to be avoided, and it is worth investigating whether an alternative analytical model can predict the structural impact of the fire load with the same accuracy. This experimental study is designed to reflect the conditions of a tall building with a rather high steel structure level (starting at 11m) and low fire level (car fire at 1.5m). For this featured project, the difference is investigated between several car fires and the localised fire scenarios from annex C of EN 1991-1-2 (Heskestad model).
Robustness of the Vesuvian Roofs Under the Combined Overload and High Temperatures Due to Air Falls
Authors: Faggiano Beatrice , Formisano Antonio , Mazzolani Federico M.
Published: September 2015

During an explosive eruption, a construction is hit by several actions, always associated to elevated temperatures, causing fires, possible explosions and reduction of the mechanical properties of the structural materials. In this paper the attention is focused on the analysis of a specific volcanic event, the so-called air fall deposits, generally falling from the eruptive column due to gravity. The study, starting within the European COST Action C26 project “Urban habitat construction under catastrophic events” (2006-2010), is concerned with the Vesuvius area at Naples in Italy. It faces two important aspects. The first items the proposal of a model for the air fall deposits action on the basis of a similitude with the snow load. The second item is the robustness evaluation against the air fall deposits of the most common roof types in the Vesuvian area, which are made of timber, steel and reinforced concrete. Therefore, some protection systems for mitigating the effects of the combination of overloading and high temperatures on the examined roofing structures are identified.
Lateral Torsional-Buckling of Class 4 Steel Plate Beams at Elevated Temperature: Experimental and Numerical Comparison
Authors: Prachar Martin , Jandera Michal , Wald Frantisek , Zhao Bin
Published: September 2015

This paper presents ongoing research in behaviour of laterally unrestrained beams (I or H section) of Class 4 cross-sections at elevated temperatures, which is based on the RFCS project FIDESC4 - Fire Design of Steel Members with Welded or Hot-rolled Class 4 Cross-sections. Despite the current EC3 contains a number of simple rules for design of slender Class 4 cross-sections at elevated temperature, based on recent numerical simulations they were found to be over-conservative. Therefore, new well representing design models, which simulate the actual behaviour of the structures exposed to fire, are crucial. These design rules should be based on extensive numerical simulation validated on experimental data. Within this task, several tests were carried out to study lateral torsional buckling of Class 4 beams in fire. The design of the test set-up and description of the experiment is given, as well as verification of numerical model.
Designing Games for Cultural Heritage: Integrating Process, Material Culture and Intangible Heritage
Authors: Goins Elizabeth , Phelps Andrew , Egert Christopher
Published: September 2015

This paper reviews a number of cultural heritage games that have been developed by faculty at the Center for Media, Arts, Games, Interaction & Creativity (MAGIC) at the Rochester Institute of Technology. Fundamental to designing engaging cultural heritage games is that of integrating material culture, social history and intangible cultural heritage. There is not much existing guidance on how to successfully create engaging heritage games and in this paper we outline some of the main issues and conclude with a few ideas that might help move the field forward.
A Comparison of Gamified, Immersive VR Curation Methods for Enhanced Presence and Human-Computer Interaction in Digital Humanities
Authors: Kateros Stavros , Georgiou Stylianos , Papaefthymiou Margarita , Papagiannakis George , Tsioumas Michalis
Published: September 2015

Gamification of virtual reality (VR) experiences is a topic of research that has been particularly intensified with the advent or recent VR h/w, such as, low-cost, high field-of-view head-mounted displays (HMDs). The main novelty of this work lies in the investigation and comparison of different s/w human-computer interaction methodologies for real-time VR simulation of both tangible and intangible digital heritage sites and the creation of dedicated, immersive, gamified curation experiences. Important conclusions are drawn since for the first time, VR is finally becoming a mass consumer product that will be delivering more and more convincing interactive experiences with elevated feeling of Presence for Digital Humanities. Based on recent specific software 3D platforms and 3D content creation pipelines, digital heritage environments can benefit immensely from such versatile, efficient and robust prototyping VR human-computer interaction methodologies.
A citation-based, author- and age-normalized, logarithmic index for evaluation of individual researchers independently of publication counts
Authors: Belikov Aleksey V. , Belikov Vitaly V.
Published: September 2015

The use of citation metrics for evaluation of individual researchers has dramatically increased over the last decade. However, currently existing indices either are based on misleading premises or are cumbersome to implement. This leads to poor assessment of researchers and creates dangerous trends in science, such as overproduction of low quality articles. Here we propose an index (namely, the L-index) that does not depend on the number of publications, accounts for different co-author contributions and age of publications, and scales from 0.0 to 9.9. Moreover, it can be calculated with the help of freely available software.
Heavy skies and a cold Soviet feel: Helsinki as a Cold War cinematic body double
Authors: Paasonen Susanna
Published: September 2015

During the 1970s and 1980s, American and British films, and spy films in particular, situated in Moscow and Leningrad were regularly shot in the Finnish capital of Helsinki, since the film crews could not work inside the Soviet Union. This article addresses the creation of a ‘Soviet feel’ through the use of Helsinki locations in films such as Gorky Park (Apted, 1983) and Telefon (Siegel, 1977) in the geopolitical context of the Cold War and Finland’s location as both a hub for international espionage and something of a border zone between the eastern and western power blocs. This analysis is connected to a broader consideration of Cold War geography, cinematic cities as body doubles and the ‘agentiality’ of urban spaces in film.
Remarks on a failed film archival project
Authors: Snickars Pelle
Published: September 2015

This brief article assesses an ongoing infrastructural research project focusing on filmarkivet.se, a website devoted to historical Swedish non-fiction film. As a collaboration between film researchers and film heritage institutions, the project has to date failed to overcome conflicting archival interests. Film scholars in general need open online archives and contextual resources, while some heritage institutions seek to give access solely to a curated filmic past. While cooperation between the heritage sector and scholars is regularly envisioned as being mutually beneficial, it also faces difficulties that need to be addressed and overcome.
National innovation systems in developing countries: Barriers to university–industry collaboration in Egypt
Authors: Attia Ahmed M.
Published: September 2015

The purpose of this article is to investigate the Egyptian national innovation system and its main components. It aims to identify the barriers and the drivers to university–industry collaboration. Four hypotheses are proposed to measure the barriers and drivers to university–industry collaboration. These hypotheses are tested using correlation analysis and Z test based on data collected from 162 companies from industrial areas and free zones around Cairo and Alexandria. The results of the study support the proposed four hypotheses.
A note on perturbed Hammerstein equations with applications to nonlocal boundary value problems
Authors: Goodrich Christopher S.
Published: September 2015

We consider the perturbed Hammerstein equation
Power Analysis of Soliton Pulse for ROF-OFDM System
Authors: Singh Kulwinder , Bhatia Kamaljit Singh , Ryait Hardeep Singh , Kaur Amandeep
Published: September 2015

In this paper, propagation behavior of Soliton pulse in optical fiber communication is analyzed. Ultra high speed transmission of data over optical fiber is possible by choosing appropriate pulse shape. Soliton pulse transmission using different modulation formats is performed to minimize jitter. Also analysis is done to calculate optical power, electrical power and average peak electrical power at different frequencies.
Kidney injury molecule-1 and neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin in normoalbuminuric diabetic children
Authors: Ucakturk Ahmet , Avci Bahattin , Genc Gurkan , Ozkaya Ozan , Aydin Murat
Published: September 2015

We aimed at evaluating the urinary levels of kidney injury molecule-1 ( KIM-1) and neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL), and the relationship between these markers and clinical and laboratory variables in normoalbuminuric children with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

The study group consisted of 60 (F/M: 28/32) children with T1D with a median age of 13 (min: 7.1–max: 17.9) years and a mean HbA

Urinary KIM-1 and NGAL levels were significantly elevated in the diabetic group (KIM-1: 0.50±0.34 ng/mg-cr; NGAL: 33±31 ng/mg-cr) compared with the nondiabetic control subjects (KIM-1: 0.26±0.25 ng/mg-cr, NGAL 13.3±14.5 ng/mg-cr) (p<0.001). No significant associations were observed between NGAL or KIM-1 and the duration of diabetes and HbA

NGAL and KIM are high in normoalbuminuric diabetic children before reduction in glomerular filtration rate. High NGAL and KIM-1 levels may indicate early diabetic kidney injury; however, we did not observe any relationship between these markers and diabetic indices. For clinical usefulness of these markers, long-term studies are required.
Rational laboratory diagnostics of primary immunodeficiency disorders
Authors: Hauck Fabian , Bangol Barbara , Rakhmanov Mirzokhid , Klein Hanns-Georg , Klein Christoph
Published: September 2015

Primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDs) are a group of more than 300 conditions associated with inborn defects of different elements of the immune system. First symptoms usually occur during early infancy, but some PIDs may present at first in adolescence or adulthood or after infections with specific pathogens. Typically, the underlying defect results in recurrent and persistent infections that are difficult to treat. However, patients may have a variable and wide set of symptoms ranging from mild to severe and some requiring immediate lifesaving intervention. As PIDs are relatively rare and fundamental immunological knowledge is required to understand them, an accurate diagnosis is often made too late and many patients probably may remain undiagnosed. In this article, we first give an overview on the human immune system and how PIDs are classified according to clinical features and immunological defects. Next, we focus on the possibilities of immunological and molecular genetic diagnostics of PIDs. Benefits and challenges of current diagnostic methods, especially with regard to next-generation sequencing techniques, are discussed.
Formation of homogenous copper film on MWCNTs by an efficient electroless deposition process
Authors: Sahraei Abolfazl Alizadeh , Saeed Hamidreza Naser , Fathi Alireza , Baniassadi Majid , Afrookhteh Sepehr Sima , Besharati Givi Mohammad Kazem
Published: September 2015

In this study, copper-coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were prepared using electroless deposition process with an efficient bath composition. As-received MWCNTs underwent acid treatment and subsequent sensitization with tin and activation with palladium before the copper coating process. The electroless deposition process was performed in a bath, which contained copper sulphate pentahydrate as a copper precursor, potassium sodium tartrate as a complexing agent, and formaldehyde as a reducing agent. Surface modifications of MWCNTs were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, imaging techniques (scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy), and X-ray diffraction. On the basis of the results, it was observed that the coating layer covers most surfaces of the nanotubes. Furthermore, copper oxide is also deposited on the surfaces of MWCNTs. The total amount of metals after each sensitization, activation, and metallization step was determined by thermo gravimetric method and induced coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Coating of MWCNTs was accomplished successfully through adjusting proper chemical ratios and concentrations. The calculated bath efficiency was about 99%.
A novel biaxial double-negative metamaterial for electromagnetic rectangular cloaking operation
Authors: Islam Sikder Sunbeam , Iqbal Faruque Mohammd Rashed , Islam Mohammad Tariqul
Published: September 2015

This paper presents the design and analysis of a novel biaxial double-negative (DNG) metamaterial for electromagnetic cloaking operation in the microwave range. The proposed metamaterial exhibits DNG characteristics for the three axes (x, y, and z axes) wave propagation through the material. For the z-axis wave propagation, it shows resonance in the X-band and shows DNG characteristics there. Similarly, for the x-axis wave propagation, the material displays resonances in the multi-band (S-, C-, and X-bands) microwave frequency ranges with DNG characteristics at the S-, C-, and X-bands. The material exhibits DNG properties at the S- and C-bands for y-axis wave propagation as well. In the basic design, a new metamaterial structure was developed that was split into two arms. The commercially available finite-difference time-domain (FDTD)-based computer simulation technology (CST) Microwave Studio software was adopted to obtain the reflection and transmission parameters of the unit cell. The metamaterial was then used in designing a rectangular electromagnetic cloaking device where a metal cylinder was perfectly cloaked in the C-band region of the microwave spectra. The metamaterial shows near-zero refractive-index property as well in the cloaked zone. This is a novel and promising design in the electromagnetic paradigm for its biaxial DNG characteristics and rectangular cloaking operation.
Unraveling the intrafamilial correlations and heritability of tumor types in MEN1: a Groupe d'étude des Tumeurs Endocrines study
Authors: Thevenon J , Bourredjem A , Faivre L , Cardot-Bauters C , Calender A , Le Bras M , Giraud S , Niccoli P , Odou M F , Borson-Chazot F , Barlier A , Lombard-Bohas C , Clauser E , Tabarin A , Pasmant E , Chabre O , Castermans E , Ruszniewski P , Bertherat J , Delemer B , Christin-Maitre S , Beckers A , Guilhem I , Rohmer V , Goichot B , Caron P , Baudin E , Chanson P , Groussin L , Du Boullay H , Weryha G , Lecomte P , Schillo F , Bihan H , Archambeaud F , Kerlan V , Bourcigaux N , Kuhn J M , Vergès B , Rodier M , Renard M , Sadoul J L , Binquet C , Goudet P
Published: September 2015

Background

MEN1, which is secondary to the mutation of the MEN1 gene, is a rare autosomal-dominant disease that predisposes mutation carriers to endocrine tumors. Most studies demonstrated the absence of direct genotype-phenotype correlations. The existence of a higher risk of death in the Groupe d'étude des Tumeurs Endocrines-cohort associated with a mutation in the JunD interacting domain suggests heterogeneity across families in disease expressivity. This study aims to assess the existence of modifying genetic factors by estimating the intrafamilial correlations and heritability of the six main tumor types in MEN1.

Methods

The study included 797 patients from 265 kindred and studied seven phenotypic criteria: parathyroid and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and pituitary, adrenal, bronchial, and thymic (thNET) tumors and the presence of metastasis. Intrafamilial correlations and heritability estimates were calculated from family tree data using specific validated statistical analysis software.

Results

Intrafamilial correlations were significant and decreased along parental degrees distance for pituitary, adrenal and thNETs. The heritability of these three tumor types was consistently strong and significant with 64% (s.e.m.=0.13; P<0.001) for pituitary tumor, 65% (s.e.m.=0.21; P<0.001) for adrenal tumors, and 97% (s.e.m.=0.41; P=0.006) for thNETs.

Conclusion

The present study shows the existence of modifying genetic factors for thymus, adrenal, and pituitary MEN1 tumor types. The identification of at-risk subgroups of individuals within cohorts is the first step toward personalization of care. Next generation sequencing on this subset of tumors will help identify the molecular basis of MEN1 variable genetic expressivity.
History before diagnosis in childhood craniopharyngioma: associations with initial presentation and long-term prognosis
Authors: Hoffmann Anika , Boekhoff Svenja , Gebhardt Ursel , Sterkenburg Anthe S , Daubenbüchel Anna M M , Eveslage Maria , Müller Hermann L
Published: September 2015

Objective

Childhood craniopharyngiomas (CP) are often diagnosed after a long duration of history (DOH). Tumor size, hypothalamic involvement (HI), and obesity are associated with reduced overall survival (OS) and functional capacity (FC). The effect of DOH and specific symptoms in history on presentation at initial diagnosis and long-term prognosis are unknown.

Design

Retrospective analysis of patients' records and prospective longitudinal follow-up.

Methods

Histories of 411 CP patients recruited in HIT Endo, KRANIOPHARYNGEOM 2000 were retrospectively evaluated for DOH, symptoms, and characteristics. The effect of specific manifestations and DOH on clinical presentation and tumor characteristics at time of initial CP diagnosis and long-term outcome were analyzed. Main outcome measures were 10-year OS and progression-free survival (PFS), FC, and BMI during longitudinal follow-up.

Results

Median DOH was 6 months (range: 0.1–108 months) and correlated with age at diagnosis. Tumor size, HI, degree of resection, and BMI at diagnosis were not related to DOH. In multivariate analysis adjusted for age at diagnosis, only hydrocephalus was found to have a relevant influence on DOH. Visual and neurological deficits were associated with larger initial tumor size and impaired 10-year OS. Weight gain and growth failure were observed with longest DOH. PFS and FC were not related to any specific symptom. Endocrine deficits at diagnosis were associated with long DOH.

Conclusions

CP is frequently diagnosed after long DOH, especially in older children. However, DOH was not associated with tumor size, HI, survival, or FC. Visual and neurological deficits necessitate rapid diagnostic workup.