bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Algorithm of activation export on the example of machine-building enterprises of the Kharkiv region
Authors: Vovk Volodymyr , Havrylchenko Olena , Mazorenko Oksana
Published: October 2022

Estimation of export potential is a basis for development and adoption of managerial decisions in the management of an enterprise export activity development, which is one of the perspective direc¬tions of foreign policy of Ukraine. Due to this the purpose of the paper is to justify the methodology of evaluating the export potential of an enterprise based on the key indicators of its export activity development, taking into account the results obtained, to formulate general directions of intensifi¬cation of exports of machine-building enterprises. The object is to assess the export potential of an enterprise and make managerial decisions to enhance its export activity. In order to determine the indicators that should be used in evaluating the export potential of an enterprise, the method of ex¬pert evaluation of T. Saati, based on the system of pairwise comparisons of certain characteristics by the levels of the hierarchy, is used. The list of indicators that were evaluated by experts was formed on the basis of the theoretical synthesis of the scientific papers. These include indicators of produc¬tion, financial, investment, innovation and direct export business. The indicators obtained through export analysis were used to calculate the integral indicator of export potential development for the enterprises of the machine-building industry. As a result, the level of export potential of the studied machine-building enterprises is determined, the general directions of activation of their export activ¬ity are offered.
Geroprotective activity of trans-cinnamic acid isolated from the Baikal skullcap ( Scutellaria baicalensis)
Authors: Fedorova Anastasiya , Dyshlyuk Lyubov , Milentyeva Irina , Loseva Anna , Neverova Olga , Khelef Mohammed El Amine
Published: October 2022

Trans-cinnamic acid is a phenolic compound with a wide range of bioactive properties, including antioxidant and antibacterial effects. It also has high potential in the food and cosmetic industries. We aimed to isolate trans-cinnamic acid from the Baikal skullcap (Scutellaria baicalensis) and study its geroprotective activity on Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes used as a model organism.

Our study objects included the S. baicalensis root culture and its extract, trans-cinnamic acid isolated from the extract, and C. elegans nematodes. Trans-cinnamic acid was isolated by high-performance liquid chromatography. The acid’s geroprotective activity was studied by evaluating its effect at concentrations of 10, 50, 100, and 200 μmol/L on the lifespan, stress resistance, and reproductivity of C. elegans. For the lifespan study, the nematodes were cultivated at 20°C for 61 days. To assess their resistance to oxidative stress, 15 μL of 1M paraquat was added to each well of the plate. Thermal stress resistance was determined by raising the temperature to 33°C. For the reproductivity study, the nematodes were cultivated in the S-medium with the addition of Escherichia coli OP50 and trans-cinnamic acid at required concentrations for 72 h.

The maximum increase in lifespan (9.8%) was observed in the nematodes treated with 50 μmol/L of trans-cinnamic acid. Under oxidative stress, all the concentrations of trans-cinnamic acid increased the survival of nematodes, while under thermal stress, trans-cinnamic acid reduced the percentage of surviving nematodes. At a concentration of 100 μmol/L, trans-cinnamic acid increased the nematodes’ reproduction by 1.48 times.

Based on our data, trans-cinnamic acid isolated from S. baicalensis can be recommended as a bioactive compound with geroprotective activity. However, further research is needed on other model organisms with detailed toxicity studies.
Isolated pressure zones based on GIS as a solution for water network problems
Authors: Hariri Asli Kian , Hariri Asli Kaveh
Published: October 2022

One of the most important accidents for water transmission lines occur by air entrance due to water hammer into the water pipeline at sub-atmospheric transient pressure. The air can be sucked into the water system causing repeated pipe breaks in sub-atmospheric transient pressure. This work aimed to improve the advanced techniques including remote sensing (RS), and the internet of things (IoT) to control the repeated pipe breaks. According to the geospatial information systems (GIS), the relationship classes between the spatial and non-spatial data were defined for the scaled model. By GIS the location of pipe breaks and sucking air into water pipeline was recognized during fluid instabilities. The location of pipe breaks was defined by the numerical modelling based on GIS. According to numerical analysis, the Courant number was equal to 0.977. In the field test, the surge velocity was 1084 m/s. The pressure wave was detected in 0.005 s by RS facilities equipped with water hammer sensors, advanced modems, and data loggers referring to the IoT technique. The result of this work led to a reduction of the non-revenue water (NRW) and the saving of drinking water.
Güzel Sanatlar Lisesi Müzik Öğretmenlerinin Covid-19 Pandemisi Sürecindeki Uzaktan Eğitim Hakkında Görüşleri
Authors: AKÇAY Şevki Özer , SÜRMELİ Özge
Published: October 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı Güzel Sanatlar Liselerinde (GSL) görev yapan müzik alanöğretmenlerinin covid-19 pandemisi sürecinde verilen uzaktan eğitim hakkındakigörüşlerinin belirlenmesidir. Araştırma verileri 2020-2021 eğitim-öğretim yılıbahar yarıyılında Erzurum Raci Alkır GSL ve Elazığ Kaya Karakaya GSL MüzikBölümlerinde görev yapan 11 müzik öğretmeninden elde edilmiştir. Veriler yüzyüze görüşme şeklinde elde edilmiş olup, görüşmeler esnasında ses kaydı yapılmışve kayıtlar deşifre edilerek içerik analizine uygun hale getirilmiştir.Araştırma sonucunda, GSL müzik alan öğretmenlerinin tamamının uzaktaneğitimle ders verdikleri ve bu dersleri evden yürüttükleri, uzaktan eğitime yönelikbir eğitim almadıkları tespit edilmiştir. Öğretmenler ve öğrenciler özellikleteknoloji ve internet kaynaklı sorunlar yaşamışlardır. Ayrıca, yaşanan sorunlarabağlı olarak öğrencilerin motivasyonlarının düşük olduğu, kırsal kesimdekiöğrencilerin uzaktan eğitime erişemedikleri belirlenmiştir. Öğretmenler teorikolmayan derslerin uzaktan eğitime uygun olmadığını, pandemi sonrasındaharmanlanmış (hibrit) eğitime geçilebileceğini ve böyle bir durumda teorikderslerin uzaktan eğitime uygun olduğunu düşünmektedirler.
Fen Eğitiminde Kullanılan STEM Uygulamalarının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: EREN Emine , DÖKME İlbilge
Published: October 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı 2014-2020 yılları arasında yayınlanan ve STEM (Science,Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) uygulamalarının kullanıldığı ampirik çalışmalarınincelenmesidir. Bu kapsamda yurt içinde yayınlamış ve fen eğitiminde STEMuygulamalarını içeren araştırmalar taranmıştır. Tarama, Tübitak ULAKBİM, DergiPark veGoogle Scholar adreslerinde, “STEM uygulamaları”, “STEM etkinlikleri”, “STEMatölye”“FeTeMM” ve“FeTeMM uygulamaları” anahtar kelimeleri ile yapılmıştır. Belirlenen dahiletme ve hariç tutma kriterleri doğrultusunda 40 çalışmanın incelenmesine karar verilmiştir.Araştırmanın amacına uygun çalışmalar incelenmek üzere sınıflandırılmıştır. Ardındançalışmalar yöntem, yayın yılı, örneklem grubu, uygulamalarda kullanılan araç-gereçler,uygulamalarda kullanılan öğretim modeli ve STEM uygulamalarının etkisinin araştırıldığıbağımlı değişkenler açısından incelenmiştir. Fen eğitiminde STEM uygulamalarınınkullanıldığı ampirik çalışmaların son yıllarda artış gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Çalışmalardabüyük oranda nitel araştırma yöntemlerinin tercih edildiği görülmektedir. Öne çıkan diğerbir bulgu ise STEM uygulamaları ile gerçekleştirilen çalışmalarda büyük oranda kolayulaşılabilir laboratuvar malzemelerinin kullanılmış olmasıdır. Bununla birlikte teknolojitabanlı robotik uygulamaların kullanımının az olduğu ve tercih edilen robotikuygulamalarının ise birkaç programla sınırlı olduğu ulaşılan diğer bir bulgudur. STEMuygulamalarında tercih edilen öğretim modelinde ise mühendislik tasarım döngüsününsıkça tercih edildiği belirlenmiştir. STEM uygulamaları ile öğrencilerin akademik başarı,bilimsel süreç becerileri, problem çözme becerileri, motivasyon, öz yeterlilik algıları, ilgi vetutumlarında olumlu etkilere sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. STEM uygulamalarının feneğitiminde daha yaygın kullanımı için rehber uygulama kılavuzlarının oluşturulması yararlıolacaktır. Fen eğitimi için STEM entegrasyonunun yaygınlaştırılması önerilmektedir
COVID-19 and Alzheimer's Disease: Neuroinflammation, Oxidative
Stress, Ferroptosis, and Mechanisms Involved
Authors: Pomilio Alicia B. , Vitale Arturo A. , Lazarowski Alberto J.
Published: October 2022

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized
by marked cognitive decline, memory loss, and spatio-temporal troubles and, in severe
cases, lack of recognition of family members. Neurological symptoms, cognitive disturbances,
and the inflammatory frame due to COVID-19, together with long-term effects,
have fueled renewed interest in AD based on similar damage. COVID-19 also
caused the acceleration of AD symptom onset. In this regard, the morbidity and mortality
of COVID-19 were reported to be increased in patients with AD due to multiple pathological
changes such as excessive expression of the viral receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme
2 (ACE2), comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, or drug-drug interactions
in patients receiving polypharmacy and the high presence of proinflammatory molecules.
Furthermore, the release of cytokines, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and ferroptosis
in both diseases showed common underlying mechanisms, which together worsen the
clinical picture and prognosis of these patients.
Targeting Nanotechnology and Nutraceuticals in Obesity: An Updated Approach
Authors: Sharma Neelam , Behl Tapan , Singh Sukhbir , Kaur Parneet , Zahoor Ishrat , Mohan Syam , Rachamalla Mahesh , Dailah Hamed Ghaleb , Almoshari Yosif , Salawi Ahmad , Alshamrani Meshal , Aleya Lotfi
Published: October 2022

Hypothesis:

This review article represents a brief layout of the risk factors and pathophysiology responsible for obesity, customary treatment strategies, and nanotechnology-based nutraceutical for therapeutics of obesity.

Experiments:

An exhaustive search of the literature was done for this purpose, using Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases. A study of the literature was conducted using publications published in peer-reviewed journals between the years 2000 and 2022.

Findings:

This was revealed that risk factors responsible for obesity were genetic abnormalities, environmental, and socio-economic factors. Number of research articles published between 2000 and 2022 were based on phytoconstituents based nanoformulation for obesity therapeutics and therefore, have been systematically compiled in this review. Various nutraceuticals like Garcinia cambogia, quercetin, resveratrol, capsaicin, Capsicum, Curcuma longa, Camella Sinensis, Zingiber officinalis, Citrus aurantium, Aegle marmelos, Coffea canephora, Asparagus officinalis, Gardenia jasminoides, Catha edulis, Clusia nemroisa, Rosmarinus officinalis, Cirsium setidens, Betula platyphylla, Tripterygium wilfordi possessing anti-obesity actions are discussed in this review along with their patents, clinical trials as well as their nanoformulation available.

Conclusion:

This review illustrates that the nanotechnology have a great propensity to impart promising role in the delivery of phytochemicals and nutraceuticals in management of obesity conditions and other related disorders.
Therapeutic Potential of HDAC Inhibitors in the Treatment of Cardiac
Diseases: A Short Review
Authors: Tiwari Vikas , Banerjee Sanjay Kumar
Published: October 2022

Protein acetylation is a reversible central mechanism to control gene expression and cell signaling events. Current evidence suggests that pharmacological inhibitors for protein deacetyla-tion have already been used in various disease conditions. Accumulating reports showed that sever-al compounds that enhance histone acetylation in cells are in both the preclinical and clinical devel-opment stages targeting non-communicable diseases, which include cancerous and non-cancerous especially cardiovascular complications. These compounds are, in general, enzyme inhibitors and target a family of enzymes- called histone deacetylases (HDACs). Since HDAC inhibitors have shown to be helpful in preclinical models of cardiac complications, further research on developing novel compounds with high efficacy and low toxicity may be essential for treating cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we have highlighted the roles of HDAC and its inhibitors in cardiac com-plications.
Recent Updates on Synthesis, Biological Activity, and Structure-activity
Relationship of 1,3,4-Oxadiazole-quinoline Hybrids: A Review
Authors: Sharma Abhishek Shankar , Salahuddin  , Mazumder Avijit , Kumar Rajnish , Datt Vimal , Shabana Km , Tyagi Sonakshi , Yar Mohammad Shahar , Ahsan Mohamed Jawed
Published: October 2022

Due to their diverse applications in industrial and synthetic organic chemistry, quinoline
and 1,3,4-oxadiazole have become important heterocyclic compounds. Quinoline and 1,3,4-
oxadiazole compounds have been developed for various medical conditions such as anti-cancer,
anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, antimalarial, antioxidants, anti-HIV, anticonvulsant, antiviral, etc. The
current review includes synthetic protocols for biologically active 1,3,4-oxadiazole incorporating
quinoline hybrids with their structure-activity relationship to explore work (Mainly from 2010 to
2021) based on 1,3,4-oxadiazole-quinoline hybrids to the medicinal chemist for further research in
the development of the molecule.
Herbal Drugs to Targets in the Treatment of Cancer - A Futuristic Approach
Authors: Tiwari Anshu , Alam Md. Aftab , Kaur Awaneet , Sharma Shaweta , Yadav Shikha
Published: October 2022

In the last few decades, cancer has affected people globally and is the most minacious disease that affects human body cells. It is a prominent cause of death. Cancer can affect anyone anywhere in the body. Most ordinary cancers are lung, colorectal, prostate, breast, etc. There are various options for the treatment of cancer, such as chemotherapy, radiation, surgery, or hormonal therapy, but the adverse effects may be harmful and can vary considerably depending on the health outcomes of the person. Many studies have recently focused on herbal species for anticancer purposes. Several herbal components and their analogues are mostly recognised as crucial anticancer factors. However, different plants have anticancer properties. Various medicinal herbs were revealed to improve the quality of life of cancer patients. This study shows that herbal goods with related analogues are cancer-resistant compounds with in vivo or in vitro anticancer effects. His study aims to demonstrate the herbal products with related analogues as cancer-resistant compounds as novel species with in vivo or in vitro anticancer effects. This review has focused on several natural anticancer substances, besides several other organic products. Most herbs seemed to progress through the process of anti-cancer. An herbal compound analysis is often valuable for discovering new pharmacologically important materials with special pathways. It can be noted that to provide nature’s variability, chemically, components that can be associated with most targeted therapies are often developed.
Decentralized Wind Power Forecasting using Average Output Model and
Improved Stacking Ensemble Learning
Authors: Yang Jiaquan , Li Wei , Yan Yuting , Yuan Zhiyong , Su Shi , Bai Hao , Pan Shuhui , Chen Jun , Zhao Qindao
Published: October 2022

Background:

Distributed wind farms cover a wide area, the internal units are far apart,
and the output correlation is low. With the gradual expansion of its development scale, accurate
prediction of distributed wind power has become an important means to ensure the smooth operation
of the power system.

Objective:

This paper proposes a decentralized wind power forecasting method based on cluster
analysis and multi-model stacking ensemble learning.

Method:

Firstly, the average output model of multiple units is established through cluster analysis
to eliminate redundant and repetitive features; secondly, a feature complex model is established to
construct multi-dimensional combined features to fully extract feature information; then, an improved
Stacking integrated learning model is proposed. Sets and model sets, while reducing the
amount of model calculation, give full play to the feature adaptability of different models.

Results:

The results of the proposed model are analyzed by comparison with traditional machine
learning models such as SVM. Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) can be reduced by up to 6.3%

Conclusion:

The results show that, compared with traditional single-model forecasting, the decentralized
wind power forecasting method based on cluster analysis and multi-model stacking ensemble
learning has higher forecasting accuracy.
Newly-onset Autoimmune Diabetes Mellitus Triggered by COVID 19 Infection:
A Case-based Review
Authors: Akkuş Gamze
Published: October 2022

:

The devastating global pandemic Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) isolated in China in
January 2020 is responsible for an outbreak of pneumonia and other multisystemic complications. The
clinical picture of the infection has extreme variability: it goes from asymptomatic patients or mild forms
with fever, cough, fatigue and loss of smell and taste to severe cases ending up in the intensive care unit
(ICU). This is due to a possible cytokine storm that may lead to multiorgan failure, septic shock, or thrombosis.

:

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV -2), which is the virus that causes COVID
19, binds to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors, which are expressed in key metabolic
organs and tissues, including pancreatic beta cells, adipose tissue, the small intestine and the kidneys.
Therefore it is possible to state that newly-onset diabetes is triggered by COVID 19 infection.

:

Although many hypotheses have clarified the potential diabetogenic effect of COVID 19, a few observations
were reported during this pandemic. Two male patients admitted to us with devastating hyperglycemia
symptoms were diagnosed with type 1/autoimmune diabetes mellitus within 3 months following
COVID 19 infection. Autoantibodies and decreased C peptide levels were detected in these patients. We
speculated that several mechanisms might trigger autoimmune insulitis and pancreatic beta-cell destruction
by COVID 19 infection. We aim to raise awareness of the possible link between SARS-CoV-2 and newly
onset type 1 diabetes mellitus. Further studies are needed to determine a more definitive link between the
two clinical entities.
Altruism in the volunteer community
Authors: Wibowo Annabela Assyfa
Published: October 2022

Altruism in the volunteer community is often associated with volunteers taking action in the volunteer community. Altruism is giving voluntary assistance to others without expecting anything in return. This study describes the factors influencing altruism and motivation for volunteer altruism, as well as the impact of altruism in building social solidarity in Siaga Peduli Magelang. This study is qualitative with a case study approach. The informants of this study are Siaga Peduli Magelang administrators who have been involved in volunteer activities for at least one year. The results of the study indicate that there are factors influencing altruism in this community, namely empathy, self-satisfaction, and belief in world justice, that goodness will be rewarded in kind by God. The motivation for volunteer altruism in the Siaga Peduli Magelang community is closely related to the empathy that drives the prosocial behavior of the informants. The motivation for prosocial behavior in the Siaga Peduli Magelang community is divided into pleasure and pressure dimensions. There is an impact of altruism in building social solidarity in Siaga Peduli Magelang. Altruism in volunteers is deeply embedded so that it increases social solidarity to continue to contribute to the field of volunteerism.
Prevalence of hepatitis B and vaccination response in patients with end-stage kidney disease on dialysis at a tertiary centre in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa
Authors: Mtingi-Nkonzombi Lungiswa , Manning Kathryn , Ensor Jason , Surdut Samuel , Gigi Nkululo , Walton Noel , Freercks Robert
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a concern in dialysis populations where vaccination has been less successful than in the general population. Possible reasons for poor response to vaccination in this population include malnutrition, age, uraemia, dialysis vintage, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and the generalized immunosuppressive state of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).Methods: This retrospective point prevalent cohort study evaluated the prevalence of HBV infection in a dialysis population at a tertiary centre in South Africa where there is a high prevalence of HIV. In addition, antibody responses following natural HBV infection versus vaccination were examined in the same population as well as factors that may affect the HBV vaccination antibody response.Results: There were 107 study participants. The prevalence rate of chronic HBV was high at 6.5% (n = 7), whereas 48 (45%) patients demonstrated evidence of HBV exposure. Patients with naturally acquired immunity demonstrated a more robust and sustained antibody response over the study period, whereas booster dose(s) were required to achieve similar levels of protection in the vaccinated group. Only one (2.1%) of those requiring vaccination never achieved an adequate seroprotection response to vaccination at any time point during the study period. Older age was the only factor shown to reduce seroconversion after primary vaccination. Despite high HIV prevalence (23%), HIV status did not affect antibody response to vaccination.Conclusion: We therefore conclude that in a cohort of dialysis patients with high HBV prevalence, natural immunity provides sustained and adequate protection. HBV vaccination in this dialysis cohort was successful, but additional booster doses were frequently required to achieve adequate seroprotection, regardless of HIV status. Keywords: Hepatitis B, Dialysis, Prevalence, Vaccination, Immunity, Antibody
Investigating the immersion of inquiry in lecture in improving students’ understanding about scientific inquiry
Authors: Muntholib Muntholib , Rahayu Sri , Alsulami Naif , Rosli Mohd Shafie
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to examine the extent to which scientific inquiry procedures during a lecture improvelead to an improvement in students’ understanding of scientific inquiry. The study implemented a one-group pretest-posttest design. Participants were 53 first-year students from the Chemistry Department atin a public university in Malang Ccity. Students’ understandings of scientific inquiry were assessed before and after the instruction using the Views About Scientific Inquiry (VASI) questionnaire. TThe participants’ responses were analysed descriptively and classified into three categories: informed, partially informed, and naïve, with Cohen’s inter-rater reliability value of 0.81.he participants’ responses were analysed descriptively and classified into three categories, namely informed, partially informed, and naïve views with Cohen’s inter-rater reliability value of 0.81. The results showed that (1) before treatment, students' understanding of scientific inquiry was at the level of partially informed and naïve, and (2) the immersion of scientific inquiry procedures in lectures improved students' understanding of scientific inquiry with the improved strength of Cohen's d-effect size was 1.10 (much larger than the typical category) or average normalized gain was 0.3 (medium category).
Investigating teachers’ mathematics pedagogical content knowledge on ratio and proportion: Does it exist in teaching?
Authors: Ekawati Rooselyna , Lin Fou-Lai , Kohar Ahmad Wachidul
Published: October 2022

There is a widespread agreement that Mathematics Pedagogical Content Knowledge (MPCK) become one of the key resources for teaching mathematics effectively. This qualitative research investigates the existence of primary teachers’ MPCK in mathematics teaching practice on ratio and proportion. Data were collected from the recorded videos of teaching observations of three primary teachers with different levels of Mathematics Content Knowledge (MCK) and MPCK selected from a paper and pencil test. A video observation instrument considering the MPCK factors’ framework for teaching ratio and proportion was used to explore the existence of MPCK in the teachers’ teaching practices. Data were analyzed by employing a whole-to-part approach of video-based data on three components of the teachers’ teaching practices on ratio and proportion, i.e., task level feature, the teaching of problem-solving strategies, and knowledge of students’ conceptual understanding. Results indicate that all the components of teachers’ MPCK can be observed in teaching practice appropriately or inappropriately due to teachers’ different levels of MPCK (Good, Medium, and Low). All MPCK factors were activated by the good teacher in her teaching appropriately differs from Medium and Low teachers. The Medium teacher needs more opportunities to learn about ratio and proportion task level features. The evidence leads to the opportunity to design a learning trajectory for In-service primary teachers that consider the integration of MPCK and MCK in balance.
Motion and sound games model for improving cognition of early childhood
Authors: Sriwidaningsih Raden Roro , Friskawati Gita Febria
Published: October 2022

The early childhood stage is a phase that holds important basic development holistically, covering affective, psychomotor, and especially cognitive domains. This development will be able to be effectively reached with an appropriate learning process in kindergartens. This study aims to reveal a relevant approach to learning using motion and sound games in improving early childhood cognitive development. The method used in this study is Research and Development (RD) from Borg and Gall, involving 124 early childhoods and kindergarten teachers in the city of Cimahi, Indonesia, selected through convenience sampling. The instruments employed are questionnaires, observation notes, interviews, and desk evaluations (expert and practitioner judgment). The data are descriptively calculated through a t-test with p0.000 in order to reveal the learning model for improving children’s cognition through motion and sound. The results of this study show that the motion and sound–based models consist of design planning, learning process, and evaluation that are able to be implemented well and can be categorized as a model that is able to develop early childhood cognition, but it still needs to be innovated and continue to be creative again in more affordable learning steps for children. Studies with the related topics are expected to relate basic potentials and social skill optimization. It is also recommended that this study contributes to the development of learning in Indonesia
The nature-based school curriculum: A solution to learning-teaching that promotes students’ freedom
Authors: Supriyoko Supriyoko , Nisa Ana Fitrotun , Uktolseja Novita Freshka
Published: October 2022

This research aims to describe the nature-based school curriculum as a solution to the learning-teaching that promotes students’ freedom. The implementation of the learning-teaching is designed to be fun based on the natural characteristics of children. This research utilized a qualitative-descriptive method involving students, teachers, and parents as participants. Data were collected through observations, questionnaires, and interviews. The data analysis consisted of four stages: data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of this research indicate that the curriculum developed at the nature-based school is implemented by integrating the national curriculum with the natural school curriculum consisting of four pillars: morality, scientific logic, leadership, and entrepreneurship. The positive impact of this research is that the innovation of natural curriculum has been in line with the implementation of independent curriculum by implementing four pillars in learning-teaching process and are carried out through experience-based learning and project-based learning methods. Students are facilitated to express their opinions in different activities and are given the freedom to choose a place to learn in several activities. For example, in some activities, students are free to choose learning places which can be in the prayer room, in the school yard, in the library, or in other places. The learning-teaching can increase students’ enthusiasm to go to school, be happy, feel valued and feel free when they are at schools. With this nature-based school curriculum, children develop according to their nature and grow into meaningful, independent, and beneficial human beings in the surrounding environment who have noble character, have logical abilities, have a good leadership spirit, and have an entrepreneurial spirit.
Discovery Learning Based E-Worksheet Assisted with Google Docs to Grow Higher Order Thinking Skills of Junior High School Students
Authors: Muhammad F. N. , Rosana D. , Hastuti P. W.
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to 1) find out the feasibility of the E-worksheet based on discovery learning with Google Docs product, 2) explain the practicality of the E-worksheet based on discovery learning with Google Docs product, and 3) understand the effectiveness of the E-worksheet based on discovery learning with Google Docs product to grow higher order thinking skills (HOTS) of VIII grade junior high school students on the simple machine topic. The study was a research and development (RD) with the 4D model. The subjects were 32 students of VIIIA class in SMPN 4 Pakem. The instruments were product validation sheet, students’ response questionnaire, pre-test and post-test questions, and learning observation sheet. The feasibility and practicality of the product were analyzed using score conversion. The results of the pre-test and post-test were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative descriptive analysis to find out the effectiveness of the product. The research concluded that 1) the E-worksheet based on discovery learning with Google Docs product was very feasible, both in the material and media aspects, 2) the E-worksheet based on discovery learning with Google Docs was practical based on the teacher and students’ responses, and 3) the E-worksheet based on discovery learning with Google Docs was effective to build the HOTS of the students.
Assessment of cognitive disorders in fragile patients with arterial hypertension and chronic heart failure
Authors: Safronenko V. A. , Chesnikova A. I. , Godunko E. S. , Hhatlamadzhiyan V. V.
Published: October 2022

Objective: assessment of cognitive impairment (CI) in «fragile» patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and chronic heart failure (CHF).

Materials and methods: the study involved 168 patients with hypertension and senile asthenia syndrome (SSA) over the age of 80 years. Taking into account the presence of CHF, all patients were ranked into two groups: group 1 – patients with hypertension, CSA and CHF (n=84), group 2 – patients with hypertension, CSA without CHF (n=84). Cognitive functions (CF) were assessed by neuropsychological testing using the MMSE short scale, which determines the patient’s mental status.

Results: anemia (p=0.033), AF (p=0.003) and type 2 diabetes (p=0.042) were more common in group 1 patients, and higher BMI (p<0.001) in group 2. CI was recorded in 95.2% of patients (50.6% non-dementic CI, 48.8% mild dementia, and 0.6% moderate). In patients with CAS, AH and CHF, mild dementia was more often detected (p=0.005), and in patients without CHF, non-dementic CI was more often detected (p=0.000). In addition, in the 1st group of patients, a decrease in concentration of attention (p=0.036), and spatial and visual memory (p=0.048) was more often recorded in comparison with patients without CHF. Women of the 1st group, in comparison with men, more often had a mild degree of dementia (p=0.050). In men, there was a clear trend towards a more frequent occurrence of non-dementic CI (p=0.068). In addition, in the same group, 2.3% of women had moderate dementia, and 7.5% of men had no CI at all. Among patients with SSA and AH, but without CHF, there were no gender differences in the incidence of cognitive impairment.

Conclusions: the obtained results of the study indicate the adverse effect of CHF on cognitive functions in senile patients with AH and CAS. Timely and optimal treatment of not only hypertension, but also CHF will reduce the risk of development and severity of cognitive impairment in such patients.
Reversion and remission are promising targets for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kanorskii S. G.
Published: October 2022

Weight loss and lifestyle changes can reverse the pathophysiological processes underlying type 2 diabetes, including achieving remission of the disease. A search and analysis of 9109 literature sources from the Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed/ MedLine, The CochraneLibrary databases was carried out for the keywords «diabetes remission», «diabetes reversal», «bariatric surgery», «very low-calorie diet», «low carbohydrate diet». The review presents and critically evaluates the current possibilities of achieving remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus with the help of bariatric surgery, medications, very low-calorie and lowcarbohydrate diets, and exercise.
About the сases of dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Galeeva Z. M. , Galyavich A. S. , Baleeva L. V. , Sabirzyanova A. N. , Galimzyanova L. A. , Golubeva G. A.
Published: October 2022

Dilated cardiomyopathy (HCM) can be caused by a variety of causes. The most common causes of DCM include post viral myocarditis, alcohol abuse, and the use of anabolic steroids. In the given clinical case, the possible causes of DCM were presumably several factors at the same time — acute viral infections, the use of steroids, which led to severe heart failure with a low ejection fraction.
Políticas de educación superior y empleo en México ante un mundo VUCA
Authors: Rangel Delgado José Ernesto
Published: October 2022

El propósito de esta investigación es comprender las políticas de educación superior y empleo, y el mercado de trabajo de profesionistas en un contexto volátil, incierto, complejo y ambiguo (VUCA, por sus siglas en inglés). Ante ello se sugiere retomar la estrategia, en tanto concepto que dio origen a VUCA, como herramienta idónea para atender un punto de la agenda pública no resuelto. En este sentido, las políticas de educación superior y empleo se colocan como el eje articulador para atender el problema de la insuficiencia de empleos para egresados que, en el mejor de los casos, muestran ingresos exiguos. Ciertamente el artículo presenta limitaciones, como es el caso de información definitiva sobre los resultados de las Universidades del Bienestar (UBBJ), debido a su reciente creación. Por otro lado, resulta notoria la relevancia de la educación superior como un elemento de resiliencia ante un mundo VUCA que debe ser fortalecido con un mayor nivel de participación tipo cinco hélices.
Climate Change in North America: Risks, Impacts, and Adaptation. A Reflection Based on the IPCC Report AR6 – 2022
Authors: Lucatello Simone , Sánchez Roberto
Published: October 2022

The impacts of climate change are global in scope and unprecedented in scale, and the increasing frequency and severity of extreme events, from rising temperatures, droughts, extreme rainfall, and rising sea levels, have increased throughout North America. Without immediate action, adaptation to climate change will be more difficult and costly, particularly for the most vulnerable social groups and economic activities and ecosystems in the area. In this article we reflect on the evidence recently produced by the Working Group 2 of the IPCC - the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change - in relation to the North American region (Canada, USA, Mexico). The evaluation methods of the information used for the report on “Impacts, adaptation and Vulnerability” are based on impacts and adaptation assessments revised in the available literature on the topic. We also seek to highlight their economic and financial dimension for the North American region. In the future, it is necessary to delve into the impacts of climate change at the subnational level in the North American region and in Mexico.
Microorganismos del suelo en la sostenibilidad de los sistemas ganaderos de la región Caribe de Colombia
Authors: Sánchez López Diana Beatriz , Tapia Coronado José Jaime , Atencio Solano Liliana Margarita
Published: October 2022

AGROSAVIA ha implementado un modelo de producción sostenible de carne bovina para la región Caribe, que permite incrementar la productividad promoviendo la diversidad de especies vegetales, árboles, arbustos, gramíneas y leguminosas, así como el reciclaje de nutrientes, el aumento de materia orgánica, la actividad biológica del suelo y la reducción de gases de efecto invernadero. Este modelo alberga una diversidad microbiana asociada a pasturas como Megathyrsus maximus, representada en una microflora benéfica con diversos potenciales como la fijación de nitrógeno, solubilización, mineralización, control de patógenos, tratamiento de los residuos orgánicos, entre otros, además de una microfauna (protozoos y nematodos) que se alimenta de microbios y con ello regula las poblaciones y se involucra en la descomposición y liberación de nutrientes en el suelo, lo que en últimas favorece el rendimiento del modelo productivo.
Voice assistants’ responses to questions about the COVID-19 vaccine (Preprint)
Authors: Sossenheimer Philip , Hong Grace , Devon-Sand Anna , Lin Steven
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND

Despite being an increasingly popular way for the public to access health information, artificial intelligence (AI)-powered voice assistants (VAs) could be a source of ambiguous or potentially biased information.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate how smartphone VAs respond to information- and recommendation-seeking inquiries regarding the COVID-19 vaccine.

METHODS

A national cross-sectional survey of English-speaking adults who owned a smartphone with a VA installed, conducted online from April 22-28, 2021. The primary outcomes were the VAs’ responses to two questions: “Should I get the COVID vaccine?” and “Is the COVID vaccine safe?”. Directed content analysis was used to assign a negative, neutral, or positive connotation to each response and website title provided by the VAs.

RESULTS

Of the 466 survey respondents included in the final analysis, 404 (86.7%) used Apple Siri, 53 (11.4%) used Google Assistant, and 9 (1.9%) used Amazon Alexa. In response to the question “Is the COVID vaccine safe?” 89.9% of users received a direct response, of which 97.3% had a positive connotation encouraging users to get vaccinated. Of the websites presented, only 5.3% had a positive connotation and 94.7% had a neutral connotation. In response to the question “Should I get the COVID vaccine?” 93.1% of users received a list of websites, of which 91.5% had a neutral connotation.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study found that VAs were much more likely to respond directly with positive connotations to the question, “Is the COVID vaccine safe?” but not respond directly and provide a list of websites with neutral connotations to the question, “Should I get the COVID vaccine?” To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate how VAs respond to both information- and recommendation-seeking inquiries regarding the COVID-19 vaccine. These findings add to our growing understanding of both the opportunities and pitfalls of VAs in supporting public health information dissemination.
A Medical Ethics Framework for Conversational Artificial Intelligence (Preprint)
Authors: Fournier-Tombs Eleonore , McHardy Juliette
Published: October 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

The launch of OpenAI’s GPT-3 model in June 2020 began a new era for conversational chatbots. While there are chatbots that do not use artificial intelligence (AI), conversational chatbots integrate AI language models that allow for back-and-forth conversation between an AI system and a human user. GPT-3, since upgraded to GPT-4, harnesses a natural language processing technique called sentence embedding and allows for conversations with users that are more nuanced and realistic than before. The launch of this model came in the first few months of the COVID-19 pandemic, where increases in health care needs globally combined with social distancing measures made virtual medicine more relevant than ever. GPT-3 and other conversational models have been used for a wide variety of medical purposes, from providing basic COVID-19–related guidelines to personalized medical advice and even prescriptions. The line between medical professionals and conversational chatbots is somewhat blurred, notably in hard-to-reach communities where the chatbot replaced face-to-face health care. Considering these blurred lines and the circumstances accelerating the adoption of conversational chatbots globally, we analyze the use of these tools from an ethical perspective. Notably, we map out the many types of risks in the use of conversational chatbots in medicine to the principles of medical ethics. In doing so, we propose a framework for better understanding the effects of these chatbots on both patients and the medical field more broadly, with the hope of informing safe and appropriate future developments.
General Characteristics and Design Taxonomy of Chatbots for COVID-19: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Lim Wendell Adrian , Custodio Razel , Sunga Monica , Amoranto Abegail Jayne , Sarmiento Raymond Francis
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND

A conversational agent powered by artificial intelligence, commonly known as a chatbot, is one of the most recent innovations used to provide information and services during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the multitude of conversational agents explicitly designed during the COVID-19 pandemic calls for characterization and analysis using rigorous technological frameworks and extensive systematic reviews.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to describe the general characteristics of COVID-19 chatbots and examine their system designs using a modified adapted design taxonomy framework.

METHODS

We conducted a systematic review of the general characteristics and design taxonomy of COVID-19 chatbots, with 56 studies included in the final analysis. This review followed the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines to select papers published between March 2020 and April 2022 from various databases and search engines.

RESULTS

Results showed that most studies on COVID-19 chatbot design and development worldwide are implemented in Asia and Europe. Most chatbots are also accessible on websites, internet messaging apps, and Android devices. The COVID-19 chatbots are further classified according to their temporal profiles, appearance, intelligence, interaction, and context for system design trends. From the temporal profile perspective, almost half of the COVID-19 chatbots interact with users for several weeks for >1 time and can remember information from previous user interactions. From the appearance perspective, most COVID-19 chatbots assume the expert role, are task oriented, and have no visual or avatar representation. From the intelligence perspective, almost half of the COVID-19 chatbots are artificially intelligent and can respond to textual inputs and a set of rules. In addition, more than half of these chatbots operate on a structured flow and do not portray any socioemotional behavior. Most chatbots can also process external data and broadcast resources. Regarding their interaction with users, most COVID-19 chatbots are adaptive, can communicate through text, can react to user input, are not gamified, and do not require additional human support. From the context perspective, all COVID-19 chatbots are goal oriented, although most fall under the health care application domain and are designed to provide information to the user.

CONCLUSIONS

The conceptualization, development, implementation, and use of COVID-19 chatbots emerged to mitigate the effects of a global pandemic in societies worldwide. This study summarized the current system design trends of COVID-19 chatbots based on 5 design perspectives, which may help developers conveniently choose a future-proof chatbot archetype that will meet the needs of the public in the face of growing demand for a better pandemic response.
Perceived Discrimination and Coping with Substance Use Among Asian Americans During the COVID-19 Pandemic (Preprint)
Authors: Bacong Adrian Matias , Maglalang Dale Dagar , Tsoh Janice Y. , Saw Anne
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND

Race/ethnicity-related discrimination against Asian Americans increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Previous studies have found an association between experiences of discrimination and use of alcohol and other drugs (AOD) as a form of coping.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate the proportion of race/ethnicity-related discrimination and coping with AOD and evaluate the association of stress because of race/ethnicity-related discrimination and other stressors and coping with AOD among Asian Americans during the pandemic.

METHODS

We use data from the Asian American and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander (AA & NH/PI) COVID-19 Needs Assessment Project, a nationally representative study of Asian Americans and NH/PI in the United States (n = 3,159) that was conducted from January to April 2021. Three AOD outcomes related to coping with the stresses of the COVID-19 pandemic were examined: using tobacco, drinking alcohol, and using marijuana or cannabidiol. Our primary independent variables were stress related to racial/ethnic discrimination, whether discrimination during the COVID-19 pandemic impacted their families, and a five-item “Coronavirus Racial Bias Scale”. We also examined the role of the number of other COVID-19 stressors aside from racial/ethnic discrimination. Binary logistic regression was used to examine the association between each AOD outcome, discrimination, and other COVID-19 stressors accounting for sociodemographic factors, physical and mental health, and survey medium. Analyses were weighted to be representative of the entire Asian American population in the U.S.

RESULTS

Most Asian Americans used alcohol to cope with the stressors of the COVID-19 pandemic (13.0%) while tobacco and marijuana use were similar (4.3% and 4.1%, respectively). About 24% of Asian Americans reported that racial/ethnic discrimination was the greatest source of stress from the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, about 24% of Asian Americans reported that discrimination impacted their families. There was heterogeneity in the association of each AOD substance with discrimination. In fully adjusted models, racial/ethnic discrimination was not associated with AOD use. However, reporting more of COVID-19 stressors (aside from racial/ethnic discrimination) was associated with greater AOD use for each AOD outcome.

CONCLUSIONS

Asian Americans reported using AOD to cope with stress during the pandemic. However, the primary motivation of using AOD to cope with stress was related to other non-racially/ethnically based stressors. Future studies need to further examine how different subgroups within the Asian American population are experiencing discrimination and how its related to use of AOD.