bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of short-term and long-term effects of peroral L-carnitine intake: clinical implications of elevated TMAO levels in cardiovascular complications
Authors: Wilkhoo Harsahaj Singh , Reji Felcia , Islam Afra Wasama , Karawita Janadi Ashinshani , Shaikh Adnan Akhtar
Published: February 2025

L-Carnitine (LC) is integral to energy production and fatty acid metabolism, facilitating the transport of long-chain fatty acids into mitochondria for β-oxidation. It modulates metabolic pathways, including pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, proteolysis, and protein synthesis, while also having anti-inflammatory and antioxidant characteristics. LC can be commonly applied to win the battle against HIV and cancer cachexia. Also, it can be recruited with the aim of improving physical and cognitive functions in athletes and the elderly. Despite these benefits, long-term LC administration has been associated to cardiovascular risks due its conversion to trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) by the gut microbiota. Elevated TMAO levels are linked to atherosclerosis, oxidative stress, and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. Managing TMAO levels using dietary treatments and gut microbiota-targeting techniques, such as probiotics, may reduce these risks. This comprehensive review presents the state-of-the-art information on LC’s dual role, emphasizing the balance between its therapeutic potential and the risks of prolonged supplementation. It aims to guide clinicians and researchers in optimizing LC’s benefits while addressing its long term cardiovascular safety concerns.
Reimagining Critical Interdisciplinarity. Shifting from the Traditional to the Transformative Paradigm in Higher Education Research and Learning.
Authors: Tamukum Tangwe Abraham , Kofi Benyin Patrick
Published: February 2025

Critical University Studies (CUS) is an emerging interdisciplinary field that interrogates the
structures, policies, and practices of higher education institutions. By challenging conventional
academic paradigms, CUS provides a framework for shifting from traditional academic
research to transformative research aimed at fostering critical practices and societal impact.
This paper examines the ways in which CUS can facilitate this shift, focusing on three key
areas: reimagining research agendas, fostering interdisciplinarity, and promoting engaged
scholarship. The research question is how higher learning institutions become the pacesetters
of contextualised and interdisciplinary transformative education in Africa? it adopted a
qualitative approach with a descriptive design. It employed documentary analysis to identify
key themes and utilizes content analysis with a deductive iterative technique for data
classification. Key findings indicate that fostering critical thinking, adaptability, and digital
skills is essential for students to engage with pressing global issues such as poverty,
environmental degradation, and intercultural communication. Furthermore, the study reveals
significant challenges confronting higher education stakeholders, including the need for
curriculum reform that integrates global values of social justice and responsibility, while
ensuring alignment with local cultural contexts. Additionally, the research underscores the
importance of collaborative practices among educators and community partners, emphasizing
that engaged scholarship can transform the researcher-community relationship into a reciprocal
exchange that enriches educational outcomes. The findings suggest that through a robust
framework of CUS, higher education can play a crucial role in nurturing future leaders capable
of navigating complex societal challenges while promoting sustainable development.
A Review of Sustainable Finance Literature in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Simo Christelle , Ndindah Ndifor Clement , Cameroon
Published: February 2025

Sustainable finance is an emerging field that aims to integrate environmental, social, and
governance (ESG) criteria into investment decision-making processes. This approach enables
investors to customise their investments to align with projects that consider these ESG factors.
Consequently, sustainable finance can be regarded as a significant instrument through which
funders and investors can leverage their capital to optimise social impact in Sub-Saharan
Africa. This study aims to contribute to the understanding of sustainable finance by conducting
a systematic review of the extant literature. This study was designed using a qualitative
approach through a comprehensive literature review. Reviews on sustainable finance in subSaharan Africa were conducted by reading and analysing 20 peer-reviewed journal articles and
summarised in two tables, namely article journal and article category based on topic. The
literature used in this review was sourced from multiple databases across the continent. The
findings of this study are that governments should prioritise environmental regulation,
transparency, and public participation and explore climate finance sources. Prioritising
domestic savings, discouraging capital flight, and promoting environmental cooperation can
stimulate long-term economic growth. Finally, fintech has an important role to play in
promoting inclusive finance, economic development, and reducing inequality, although a
gradual approach is needed to fully realise its potential. In conclusion, policies that promote
sustainable investment are needed to attract investors and foster a favourable investment
environment.
The Relationship Between Economic Growth and Pollution in Zambia
Authors: Abishai Chileshe , Laila Elkotni
Published: February 2025

This study examines the effect of economic growth on emission levels in a country. It
specifically examines this relationship in the context of Zambia. To analyze the data, the study
adopts the ARDL model. The findings reveal no long-run relationship existed between GDP
and greenhouse emissions. However, there was a positive short-run relationship present
between them. The weakening of the relationship in the long run might suggest a progression
towards a more sustainable economy, where environmental degradation is not an inevitable
cost of economic growth. These findings may be a possible indication of alignment with the
EKC hypothesis, which means that after a certain threshold of economic growth, Zambia is
likely to experience a reverse effect in the relationship between economic growth and
emissions. Therefore, the study suggests that policymakers should encourage investment in
clean energy, sustainable economic shifting, and strengthen environmental regulations to
promote long-term sustainable growth.
Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Performance of Public Servants in Tanzania Local Government Authorities
Authors: H. Uledi Juma , Mgombere Mariane , Selemani Ramadhani
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study is to look at how public employees' performance at Morogoro
Municipal Local Government Authorities is affected by their emotional intelligence. The
research design used in the study was a case study, and it was informed by the Ability model
of emotional intelligence theory, which highlights the critical role that emotional intelligence
plays in public servant performance. Structured questioners based on quantitative data analysis
were used to obtain data. According to the study's findings, there was a significant positive
correlation between public servant performance and emotional intelligence (0.765), indicating
that better performance is correlated with higher emotional intelligence. A conclusion was
reached by the data analysis technique known as inferential analysis. The results of the
investigation showed that emotional intelligence has positive impacts towards performance of
public servants.
Testing of insulation systems in accelerated aging conditions
Authors: Nađ Slaven , Treger Josip , Car Stjepan
Published: February 2025

The paper describes the testing procedure of the insulation system of electrical rotating machines with form-wound windings in accordance with the standards IEC 60034-18-31 and IEC 60034-18-42. Testing is based on a comparison of reference insulation system which has given satisfactory service experience and candidate insulation system which is intended to be used instead of existing insulation system. To prove or disprove the reliability of candidate systems in reasonable time, the accelerated aging test is carried out, considering various factors that reduce the life of the insulation system in greater or lesser extent: heat, exposure to mechanical vibrations and moisture (according to IEC 60034-18-31) and voltage (according to IEC 60034-18-42). In order to save materials and easier handling of test samples, tests are carried out on reduced models of coils (so-called formette coils) that are placed in frames imitating the stator core. The purpose of the test is to verify the potential contributions of a new impregnating resin, as well as the addition of nanoparticles in a new impregnating resin in a condition of increased voltage stress due to machine connection to the grid via frequency converter. In addition to the test procedure, the paper presents the results obtained so far.
Uso de las nuevas tecnologías, prácticas contables en la enseñanza y aprendizaje de la contabilidad
Authors: Quintana Barragán Verónica Elizabeth , Sayay Ortiz Elizabeth Alexandra , Alegría Camino Diana Magali , Angulo Fuentes Myrella Alejandra , Dominguez Salazar Pablo Andres
Published: February 2025

Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar el impacto del uso de las nuevas tecnologías, prácticas contables en la enseñanza y aprendizaje de la contabilidad, explorando la percepción de los estudiantes y docentes sobre su efectividad, los desafíos que enfrentan y las sugerencias para mejorar su implementación. Se realizó una encuesta a 120 estudiantes y 20 docentes del área de contabilidad, utilizando un cuestionario estructurado que incluía preguntas sobre la percepción de las estrategias pedagógicas basadas en tecnología, los desafíos encontrados en su uso y las sugerencias para mejorar su implementación. Los datos fueron analizados a través de estadísticas descriptivas y análisis de contenido. Los resultados revelaron que los estudiantes valoran positivamente el uso de las nuevas tecnologías en la enseñanza de la contabilidad, destacando la efectividad de estrategias como el aprendizaje basado en proyectos, simulaciones con software de contabilidad, trabajos en equipo colaborativos en línea y videos explicativos. Sin embargo, también se identificaron desafíos como la falta de capacitación en el uso de las tecnologías, la falta de acceso a herramientas digitales y problemas de conectividad a internet. Se concluye que la integración de herramientas digitales como software de contabilidad, plataformas de aprendizaje en línea y recursos multimedia permite a los estudiantes aplicar los conocimientos teóricos a situaciones prácticas, desarrollar habilidades digitales esenciales para el mercado laboral y colaborar con sus compañeros de manera eficiente.
Estudio comparativo de riesgo cardiovascular en trabajadores de la UMF No. 47 IMSS, Tabasco
Authors: Aguirre López Jose Manuel , Dominguez Vega Guadalupe Monserrat , Garrido Pérez Silvia María Guadalupe , Aguilar Ortiz Francisco
Published: February 2025

Introducción. Las enfermedades Cardiovasculares son la primera causa de muerte no traumática, la estadificación del riesgo cardiovascular es la base del tratamiento y prevención de esta. En México se ha utilizado ampliamente Framingham y Globorisk, pero no se cuenta con una escala estandarizada. Objetivo. Comparar los resultados del riesgo cardiovascular medido por Framingham y Globorisk. Se realizó un estudio observacional, transversal y analítico comparando los resultados de la prueba EPICAVT realizada en agosto 2023, por los Servicios de Prevención y Promoción de la Salud a trabajadores de todas las categorías de base, entre los 40 y los 60 años de la unidad de medicina familiar No. 47 del IMSS Tabasco. Las variables estudiadas fueron sociodemográficas, laborales y riesgo cardiovascular. La información se obtuvo de las bases de datos de los registros del programa. Se estadificó su riesgo cardiovascular y se compararon los resultados de las pruebas de chi cuadrada de Pearson y Kappa, considerando una p≤0.05. Resultados. En la presente investigación predominio el sexo femenino con 52.9% (37), con edad promedio Ⱦ=47.2 años, el riesgo cardiovascular según Framingham 27.1% y según Globorisk 12.9% con alto riesgo de eventos cardiovasculares a 10 años. Conclusiones. La comparación entre los modelos de Framingham y Globorisk revela que, aunque ambos son útiles para evaluar el riesgo cardiovascular, tienen diferencias importantes en sus clasificaciones, ya que el primero incluye mediaciones bioquímicas, mientas Globorisk no las considera necesarias.
La ética del docente en la era digital: privacidad, derechos de autor, y uso responsable de la tecnología
Authors: Baca Calles Wilmer Alexis , Moreno Vega Luis Gonzalo , Jiménez Cedeño Judith Alexandra , Macias Suárez Marcos Jordan , Bedón Paredes Sofía Raquel
Published: February 2025

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la ética del docente en la era digital, con énfasis en la privacidad de los datos, el respeto a los derechos de autor y el uso responsable de la tecnología, mediante revisión documental y la aplicación de una encuesta, para la creación de capacitaciones que mejoren la formación ética de los educadores y optimicen el uso de las herramientas digitales en el proceso educativo. Se utilizó el método inductivo, analítico, sintético, con enfoque cualitativo, y técnica de la encuesta para extraer criterios de 80 docentes. Además, se procedió a investigar mediante la información documental bibliográfica y webgráficas. El problema radica en la falta de una normativa clara y de capacitación adecuada para los docentes en el uso ético de la tecnología educativa, lo que pone en riesgo la privacidad de los estudiantes y el respeto a los derechos de autor. La gestión inapropiada de los datos personales y el uso indiscriminado de recursos digitales sin tener en cuenta las leyes de propiedad intelectual genera vulnerabilidades tanto para los educadores como para los estudiantes. Además, la exposición a contenidos no regulados en redes sociales y plataformas digitales incrementa los riesgos de ciberacoso y adicción tecnológica. El resultado más relevante que se pudo encontrar en el estudio de análisis e interpretación de resultados de la encuesta aplicada a docentes determinó que los docentes deben contar con formación continua sobre los derechos de autor y las implicaciones éticas de la tecnología en la educación.
Using IoT applications for detection of the overvoltage and undervoltage in electrical systems
Authors: Mohammed Abbas Q. , ALBadri Zahraa H. Dawood , Jawad Ihsan Mousa , ALRubeei Ibtihal R. N.
Published: February 2025

A significant advancement in managing systems is the development and implementation of an IoT-based voltage monitoring system. The study aims to treat the issue of voltage fluctuations, including overvoltages and undervoltages, which pose risks to electrical devices and infrastructure. Utilizing the ZMPT101B voltage sensor on the Blynk platform and the ESP 32 microcontroller unit, this system offers a solution for real-time monitoring and alerting of voltage situations. The system's structure allows for data collection, processing, and transmission, enabling users to receive notifications on their mobile phones through a user-friendly interface. Extensive testing at voltage levels has confirmed the accuracy and reliability of the system in detecting voltage differences. The results showed a high level of reactivity and efficacy in warning users about possible hazards, which improved electricity efficiency and safety. Further developments in proactive electrical system management are anticipated as future work concentrates on enhancing the system's scalability, predictive capabilities, and integration with smart grid technology. This study demonstrates how IoT technologies have the power to completely transform electrical system monitoring and maintenance, with major advantages for sustainability, safety, and dependability.
imanr: An R Tool for the Identification of Mexican Native Maize Complexes
Authors: Sanchez-Porras Arturo , Romero-Natale Aline , Acevedo-Sandoval Otilio , Guerra-Castro Edlin
Published: February 2025

The conservation of the genetic diversity of native maize in Mexico is a priority due to its cultural, agricultural, and environmental importance. This study presents the development and evaluation of the imanr package, a computational tool based on Boosted Ensembles designed to automate the classification of racial complexes of native maize. Using a national database, a model was implemented that leverages morphological and geographical variables to provide precise and rapid classifications. The methodology included the optimization of key parameters through cross-validation, achieving up to 90% in balanced accuracy and a Cohen's Kappa coefficient of 0.84. These results highlight the robustness of the model compared to traditional methods, which rely on subjective expert judgment and require extended evaluation times. The findings demonstrate that the package not only surpasses conventional methods in terms of efficiency but also offers an accessible tool for conserving and monitoring native maize diversity, aligning with the recommendations of the Global Maize Project (PGMN). Moreover, its usability was enhanced by developing a graphical user interface, allowing non-specialized users to fully utilize its potential. imanr represents a significant advancement in native maize conservation science, contributing to the modernization of identification processes and strengthening sustainable management strategies for this essential genetic resource. This model directly addresses the need for innovative tools to monitor and preserve maize diversity in Mexico and suggests a promising pathway for future applications in the agricultural sector.
Charge carrier distribution in the region of charged domain walls in reduced lithium niobate
Authors: Kislyuk Aleksandr M. , Malinkovich Mikhail D. , Ilina Tatiana S. , Kubasov Ilya V. , Kiselev Dmitry A. , Turutin Andrei V. , Ivanov Vladimir P. , Temirov Alexander A. , Kuts Viktor V. , Maksumova Evelina E.
Published: February 2025

Charged domain walls (CDWs) in ferroelectric materials are of interest from both fundamental and applied perspectives due to their unique electrophysical properties, which differ significantly from those of the bulk material. Until recently, research efforts primarily focused on studying these properties, while less attention was given to the finite-thickness regions of CDWs with heterogeneous electrical conductivity. This study proposes a model describing the charge carrier distribution within the conductive region of CDWs. The dependencies of charge carrier concentration and mobility on the distance from the CDW were determined. An analytical expression for current-voltage characteristics, measurable by conductive atomic force microscopy (c-AFM), was also proposed. The model has been experimentally validated using AFM methods.

In particular, the Debye screening length of the electric field of head-to-head (H–H) CDWs by free charge carriers in strongly reduced LiNbO3 crystals was found to be 90±10 nm. Additionally, the values of mobility and concentration of polarons forming the conductive H–H CDW were determined. The bound polaron concentration in this region is estimated to be approximately 30 times greater than in the monodomain region, reaching ≈3.8·1017 cm-3.
Mise en évidence des myéloperoxydases : un exemple de mode opératoire
Authors: Geneviève F. , Freynet N. , Lesesve J.-F. , Wagner-Ballon O.
Published: February 2025

Les modalités de réalisation des colorations cytochimiques permettant de mettre en évidence la myéloperoxydase (MPO) sont décrites avec un protocole sensible et non commercialisé. La liste des kits industriels est proposée à titre indicatif. La détection de la MPO dans le cytoplasme des cellules permet de déterminer leur nature myéloïde, en particulier pour le classement initial d’une leucémie aiguë.
L’approche holistique des patients consultant pour borréliose de Lyme présumée aboutit à 9,6 % de confirmation diagnostique ()
Authors: Chabane K. , Haddad E. , Jaureguiberry S. , Monsel G. , Pourcher Valérie , Caumes É.
Published: February 2025

Introduction – Savoir si les patients présentant des symptômes chroniques attribués à la borréliose de Lyme (BL) ont une BL ou une autre maladie est une question récurrente depuis les années 1990. Méthodes – Nous avons évalué les patients symptomatiques consultant dans un hôpital universitaire parisien de janvier 2014 à décembre 2017 pour une BL présumée avec une approche holistique, incluant le traitement présomptif. Ces patients ont été classés comme BL confirmée s’ils répondaient à quatre critères (sauf en cas d’érythème migrant ou un seul suffisait) et BL possible en présence de trois critères incluant une réponse clinique au traitement présomptif. Les patients atteints de BL confirmée ont été comparés à ceux diagnostiqués avec d’autres maladies. Résultats – Parmi les 301 patients inclus (183 hommes, 118 femmes, âge médian 50 ans), 275 (91%) ont été exposés à des morsures de tiques et 165 (54 %) piqués par une tique. À la consultation initiale, 151 (50 %) avaient déjà été traités : le nombre médian d’antimicrobiens était de un (1-22), et la durée médiane de traitement était de 34 (28-730) jours. Le nombre médian d’organes symptomatiques était de 3 par patient (1-12) avec une durée médiane des symptômes de 16 (1-68) mois. Le nombre médian de signes était de 0 (0-2). La sérologie ELISA était positive chez 84/295 (28 %) patients pour les IgM et 86/295 (29 %) pour les IgG ; le Western Blot était positif chez 21/191 (11 %) patients pour les IgM et chez 50/191 (26 %) pour les IgG. Le traitement présomptif après la présentation initiale a échoué chez 46/88 patients (52 %). Globalement, le traitement présomptif a échoué chez 181/223 (81 %) patients. Le diagnostic de BL a été confirmé chez 29 patients (10 %) et s’est avéré possible chez 9 (3 %). Parmi les 243 patients présentant un diagnostic autre qu’une BL, les principales maladies étaient d’origine psychologique, rhumatologique, neurologique ou autre, respectivement chez 76 (31 %), 48 (20 %), 37 (15 %) et 82 (34 %) individus. Les patients souffrant d’autres maladies que la BL étaient significativement plus jeunes, avaient plus de symptômes, une plus longue durée d’évolution, moins de signes cliniques objectifs et moins fréquemment de sérologies positives pour la BL. Conclusion – Les phénomènes de sur-diagnostic et de sur-traitement de la BL sont importants dans notre étude, concordant avec deux autres études françaises. Les autorités sanitaires de notre pays devraient se pencher sur ce problème préoccupant, à l’heure du bon usage des antibiotiques.
Epidemiology of Shoulder Injuries Presenting to US Emergency Departments
Authors: Reiad Timothy A. , Peveri Emilio , Dinh Peter V. , Owens Brett D.
Published: February 2025

Background

Shoulder injuries are a significant cause of musculoskeletal complaints in emergency departments (EDs), but data on these injuries in the United States are limited. This study analyzed shoulder injuries reported to US EDs from 2006 to 2016, focusing on trends in injury mechanisms, diagnoses, and demographics.

Materials and Methods

Data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database were used to analyze 6,689,422 shoulder injuries reported to US EDs during 11 years, examining injury rates, causes, diagnoses, and demographics.

Results

An estimated 6,689,422 shoulder injuries were reported during the study period, accounting for 4.35% of all injuries reported to US EDs. The highest injury rate was observed in individuals 15 to 24 years (3.15 per 1000 US population), while children younger than 5 years had the lowest rate (0.97 per 1000). The most common causes of injury were sports and recreation (45.84%), home structure (20.79%), and home furniture (18.91%). The most frequent diagnoses included fractures (20.30%), contusions (18.23%), and dislocations (12.92%). More than one-third of the injuries (39.2%) occurred at home. Injury rates decreased for individuals younger than 25 years but increased for those 45 to 64 years during the study period. Younger individuals and males showed greater sport-related injuries, while older populations and females more commonly presented with home-related injuries.

Conclusion

This study revealed unique demographic patterns in the causes and mechanisms of shoulder injuries. These findings suggest that tailored prevention strategies could be particularly effective, helping to improve both injury prevention efforts and the clinical care of patients with shoulder injuries. [
Orthopedics
. 202x;4x(x):xx–xx.]
Studying Poetry through Music: The Tasso in Music Project
Authors: Ricciardi Emiliano , Sapp Craig Stuart
Published: February 2025

The Tasso in Music Project (https://​tassomusic.​org) is a digital critical edition of the early modern musical settings of the poetry of Torquato Tasso (1544–95). Comprising about eight hundred musical settings and representing the work of over two hundred composers, this repertoire is significant not only for musical reasons, but also for literary reasons, since these musical settings shed light on the dissemination of Tasso’s work and offer insight into the form and meaning of his poems. Accordingly, besides providing newly made critical editions of the musical settings in a variety of electronic formats (Humdrum, MEI, MusicXML), the project features a wide array of tools designed to illuminate the tradition of the poetic texts and music/text relations. More specifically, the project includes TEI transcriptions of the poetic texts as they appear in musical settings and in contemporaneous literary sources, both manuscript and printed, with dynamic visualization of literary variants across sources. This dynamic collation of variants provides indispensable data for the study of the notoriously intricate transmission of Tasso’s poetry. Likewise, the Tasso in Music Project features newly developed tools for the study of music-text relations, such as computational analysis of poetic prosody/musical rhythm and musical cadences/poetic syntax, which show how a musical setting can function as a parsing of a poem’s metrical/syntactic structure. Through its editions and tools, the Tasso in Music Project addresses a wide audience encompassing not only music scholars and performers, but also literary scholars. At the same time, the project provides a digital framework in which music and poetry receive equal attention, as do philology and analysis.
Le « séquencier » comme étape préparatoire de la genèse filmique
Authors: Boillat Alain
Published: February 2025

Alors que dans le champ de la critique génétique, la notion de « scénario » est parfois mobilisée pour qualifier une étape précoce de l’élaboration de l’œuvre, le même terme en est venu dans le milieu du cinéma et dans le domaine des études cinématographiques à désigner, au fil d’une évolution esquissée ici à grands traits et s’imposant comme l’acception dominante, à signifier une rédaction aboutie, voire définitive. La présente étude vise toutefois, par-delà ces différences, à opérer un rapprochement entre le « scénarique », étudié à propos de textes romanesques, et certains stades liminaires de la phase d’écriture au cinéma, en particulier celui qui est fréquemment qualifié de « séquencier ». La discussion menée ici concernant les définitions données aux différents stades de la genèse filmique (et plus précisément scénaristique) repose sur une comparaison avec la littérature consacrée au scénarique, ainsi que sur deux études de cas fort différents qui exploitent deux fonds de la Cinémathèque suisse : d’une part les archives du film En cas de malheur (1958), issues du « Fonds Claude Autant-Lara », adaptation de Simenon conçue par les principaux représentants de la « Qualité française », d’autre part le film Dans la ville blanche (1983), « film d’auteur » que le réalisateur-scénariste-producteur suisse Alain Tanner a présenté en de nombreuses occasions comme ayant été tourné « sans scénario ». L’observation de différences de statut entre ces documents nous permet de dégager quelques spécificités d’étapes scripturales de la genèse filmique parente du scénario d’un roman, et de les envisager dans leur diversité.
Kleine Zahlen im Gesundheitswesen
Authors: Godde Kylian , Thomas Gaëtan
Published: February 2025

Die Herausbildung einer modernen Gesundheitsstatistik im zwanzigsten Jahrhundert hat zu zahlreichen Studien geführt. Die etablierte Geschichte berücksichtigt jedoch nicht, dass im selben Zeitraum kontinuierlich und in großem Umfang sogenannte „kleine Zahlen“ produziert wurden – Daten, die wenig formalisiert, fragil und nicht robust, aber dennoch in medizinischen Kreisen geschätzt sind. Trotz ihrer Unvollkommenheit standen diese Zahlen im Mittelpunkt von Systemen, zu deren Standardisierung sie beitrugen. Um eine Gegengeschichte der Gesundheitsstatistik zu schreiben, schlagen wir drei Forschungsrichtungen vor, die sich mit den Situationen, den Methoden und den Werten der kleinen Zahlen befassen.
Artificial Intelligence and Corporate Sustainability
Authors: Mateus José , Marcão Ricardo
Published: February 2025

This study explores the interplay between AI and sustainable business practices, focusing on its dual economic and environmental benefits. It examines AI's role in optimizing resources, reducing operational costs, and promoting regulatory compliance while other important aspects. The analysis highlights AI's potential to transform industries by enabling green product development, fostering digital transformation, and addressing the growing demand for corporate environmental responsibility. Despite its advantages, challenges such as technological adoption barriers and ethical considerations, including workforce impacts and data privacy, are also addressed. By addressing these gaps and advancing the understanding of AI's real-world impact, the research offers theoretical insights and practical recommendations for companies aiming to implement AI technologies effectively, thereby positioning themselves as leaders in environmental and economic resilience. The findings contribute to the broader discourse on integrating AI into strategies that align innovation with sustainability goals.
Creating a Structural Model for Performance Evaluation in the Educational Metaverse
Authors: Dua Gurwinder Kaur
Published: February 2025

In light of the transformative effects of digital technology on education, this study presents an innovative performance management framework tailored for virtual learning environments in the metaverse era. Utilizing the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach, this paper proposes a comprehensive evaluative model that integrates the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), and the Community of Inquiry Framework (CoI). The model incorporates five Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)—content delivery, student engagement, metaverse tool utilization, student performance, and adaptability—to thoroughly evaluate academic avatar performance in virtual educational settings. This theoretical framework represents a significant advancement in understanding and enhancing avatar effectiveness within the metaverse environment. It contributes to the ongoing discourse on performance management in digital education and lays the groundwork for future empirical research.
Ethical Considerations in AI
Authors: Goel Pawan Kumar , Saifi Soniya , Goel Navnish , Aeron Shikha , Yadav Sheetal , Ansari Sakil Ahmad
Published: February 2025

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in wildlife conservation is a significant step towards maintaining biodiversity and ecological balance. However, the ethical implications of AI use, particularly in relation to privacy and data security, are crucial. Existing literature highlights challenges like potential privacy infringement and biases in data collection. A novel framework for ethical AI implementation in wildlife conservation emphasizes transparency, accountability, and local stakeholder involvement. This approach addresses ethical concerns systematically while optimizing AI benefits for conservation. Pilot studies show significant improvements in data handling and conservation strategies compared to traditional methods. This approach sets a new standard for ethical practices in wildlife conservation.
Integration of Satellite Data and AI for Habitat Monitoring and Conservation
Authors: Santhosh B.
Published: February 2025

The integration of satellite data and artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing habitat monitoring and conservation for understanding and preserving ecosystems. Satellite imagery provides real-time data on land cover, vegetation health, deforestation, and climate impacts, crucial for tracking environmental changes. AI enhances the analysis of this data, and automatically process and interpret the information. By combining AI with satellite data, conservationists can prioritize areas for protection, optimize resource allocation, and develop strategies to mitigate the impacts of climate change on biodiversity. This approach enables scalable, efficient, and adaptive conservation efforts, ensuring better decisions for the preservation of natural habitats. Satellite data plays a crucial role in wildlife conservation by providing real-time insights into ecosystems. Satellite imagery helps track changes in land use, detect deforestation, assess habitat degradation, and observe shifts in vegetation health. By analyzing these data, conservationists can identify critical areas for protection, monitor the effectiveness of conservation measures, and respond to emerging threats such as poaching or environmental disturbances.
Challenges and Limitations of AI in Conservation
Authors: Dwivedi Bhanu , Singh Aditya Pratap , Mishra Siddheshwari Dutt , Kumar Kaushal
Published: February 2025

This research explores the transformative role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in conservation and the challenges it faces in implementation. AI addresses critical environmental issues such as climate change, habitat destruction, and poaching by analyzing large datasets and identifying patterns that may elude human detection. It automates data collection, enabling faster, data-driven decision-making. Key innovations include machine learning for species identification, drones for habitat monitoring, and predictive analytics to prevent poaching. Combined with remote sensing and computer vision, AI enhances wildlife tracking and environmental monitoring. However, challenges such as data quality, accessibility, and the “black box” nature of AI models present hurdles, especially in remote regions. Ethical concerns, including privacy and misuse, emphasize the importance of informed consent. Emerging trends such as AI integration with wearable technology and blockchain are also discussed. Cross-sector collaboration is crucial for ensuring AI's ethical and sustainable application.
Humanitarian commitment: Indonesia's policy on refugees’ rights to health
Authors: Ramadani R Yahdi , Tjitrawati Aktieva Tri , Romadhona Mochamad Kevin
Published: February 2025

Refugees have faced many challenges, including access to housing, education, and social and health services. International conventions regulate human rights that all civilized countries must obey, starting from the Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and Indonesia, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and others recognized internationally and nationally. Indonesia, although not a state party to the 1951 Convention and 1967 Protocol on refugees, must pay attention to how to pay attention to foreigners, especially refugees in its territory. In providing protection and fulfillment of rights, Indonesia must refer to one of the international principles in providing needs to foreigners, namely the International Minimum Standards and National Treatment Standards.
Explication of the mixture of Piper betle and Eugenia polyantha on oral bacteria
Authors: Nurjanah Neneng , Putri Megananda Hiranya , Praptiwi Yenni Hendriani , Laela Dewi Sodja , Sukmasari Susi
Published: February 2025

The aim of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of the mixtures of Eugenia polyantha (EP) and Piper betle (PB) leaves against oral bacteria. Four compositions of EP and PB were made and observed on tryptic soy agar (TSA), blood agar (BA), MacConkey agar (MCA), and mannitol salt agar (MSA). Inhibition analysis was conducted at concentrations of 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, and 60%. Our study results indicate that Staphylococcus aureus exhibited growth on BA, bacterial colonies were identified on MSA, and serological tests confirmed coagulation. A biochemical test conducted on an MCA sample revealed several species within the Enterobacteriaceae family, including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, and Proteus. The highest level of inhibition was observed with the sixth toothbrush (K4). Significant differences in inhibition were noted among the various groups (K1, K2, K3, K4, and controls), with the diameter of inhibition for each combination yielding p<0.05. However, the differences in inhibition between the combinations themselves were not statistically significant, with p>0.05. Streptococcus sp, Klebsiella sp, Enterobacteriaceae sp (Coliform sp), Pseudomonas, and Staphylococcus aureus are the contaminant bacteria on used toothbrushes. The highest inhibition level and bactericidal properties were achieved by mixing 70% bay leaf (Eugenia polyantha) and 30% betel leaf infusion.
Training Medical Students in Pandemic Preparedness: A Systematic Review
Authors: Shrivastava Saurabh RamBihariLal , Bobhate Prateek Sudhakar , Mendhe Harshal G , Badge Ankit
Published: February 2025

Each of the global pandemics to date has left a permanent mark on the general population and significantly impacted the public health standards and human civilization. The purpose of the current review is to explore the significance of pandemic preparedness, identify the role of medical education in improving the same, enlist the potential challenges in the implementation of pandemic preparedness, and enlist the potential solutions to overcome the same. A search of all materials related to the topic was carried out on the PubMed and Google Scholar search engines, and a total of 27 articles were selected based on their suitability with the current review objectives and analyzed. Keywords used in the search include pandemic preparedness in the title alone only (namely, pandemic preparedness [ti] AND medical education [ti]; pandemic preparedness [ti] AND curricula [ti] OR curriculum [ti]; pandemic preparedness [ti] AND COVID-19 [ti]; pandemic preparedness [ti] AND health [ti]; and pandemic preparedness [ti]). Medical education plays an instrumental role in creating a team of skilled and competent health-care workforce, which becomes crucial to minimize the impact of pandemics on individuals, communities, and the health-care delivery system. As medical educators plan to deliver pandemic preparedness education in medical schools, we are expected to encounter different challenges. In conclusion, the training imparted to medical students on pandemic preparedness is crucial in the making of a resilient and adaptable health workforce. To reduce the magnitude of future pandemics, it is the need of the hour to identify the prevailing gaps/barriers and address them proactively to safeguard public health during pandemics.
Understanding Factors Influencing Blood Sugar Control in Working-age Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Evaluating a Health Behavior Change Program: A Cross-sectional Study with a Quasi-experimental in Northern Thailand
Authors: Mata Chatsuda , Chaiprom Pattaranai , Chailangka Ampun , Singkhamkul Suwimon
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major health concern, especially among working-age groups.

Methods:

The study consisted of two main phases. In the first phase, 247 people with T2DM who were working age and took part in a survey in April 2023 were asked about factors that affected their blood sugar control. Participants aged 35–59 years were diagnosed with diabetes (fasting blood sugar [FBS] ≥126 mg/dl) and other chronic conditions using stratified random sampling. Phase two implemented a behavior change program for 44 uncontrolled T2DM working-age individuals (FBS >130 mg/dl), using a quasi-experimental design with two groups. Following Bernard’s formula, the sample size included intervention and control groups of 22 individuals each, chosen from different villages by simple random sampling. This study conducted the group intervention in September 2023, with each session lasting 1 week.

Results:

In the blood sugar control factors analysis in working-age individuals, obesity increased the risk of impaired control by 1.22 times (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.14–10.31). It was found that a higher perception of disease severity was conducive to improved management of blood sugar by 1.38 times (95% CI = 0.03–0.39). After the implementation of a behavior modification program, a notable improvement in the control of dietary sugar levels was found (P < 0.01), resulting in a statistically significant reduction in blood sugar levels (P = 0.01).

Conclusion:

The local public health center can customize the program to improve the health outcomes of individuals diagnosed with T2DM. This can be achieved by modified according to the community context.
Psychometric Properties and Measurement Invariance of the Chinese Version of the Internet Moral Literacy Scale
Authors: Sun Ya-Xing , Chen I-Hua
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

With the rapid rise of the Internet, it has become an indispensable part of adolescents’ learning and lives. To promote sustainable development of the Internet, fostering good Internet moral literacy among adolescents is particularly important. Given the current absence of a Chinese version of the Internet Moral Literacy Scale suitable for adolescents, this study translated and conducted two studies on the scale developed by Lau and Yuen.

Methods:

In Study 1, item analysis and factor validity analysis of the scale were conducted with 343 adolescents from China. In Study 2, a large-scale cross-sectional survey was conducted to analyze descriptive statistics, factor validity, measurement invariance across genders, difference analysis, and concurrent validity of the scale. The study 2 involved 7837 Chinese adolescents.

Results:

The results from study 1 showed that most items met the specified criteria. However, one item exhibited higher internal consistency than the overall Cronbach’s alpha value when removed. Exploratory factor analysis indicated a more suitable two-dimensional model, with one item showing cross-loading issues. Study 2 revealed that the Internet Moral Literacy Scale had good internal reliability, and the two-factor structure exhibited excellent factor validity. In addition, significant gender differences in Internet moral literacy levels were identified, with males scoring lower than females. A significant negative correlation was found between Internet moral literacy and both cyberbullying (r = −0.87, P < 0.001) and moral disengagement (r = −0.75, P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Chinese version of the Internet Moral Literacy Scale has good psychometric properties.
Reformas al Artículo 220 del COIP, en cuanto al aumento de penas
Authors: Vidal de los Reyes Juan Fernando , Zamora Vázquez Ana Fabiola
Published: February 2025

El presente artículo analiza las reformas al artículo 220 del Código Orgánico Integral Penal (COIP) de Ecuador, las cuales endurecen las penas por tráfico ilícito de drogas. Estas reformas se justifican bajo principios teóricos como la disuasión, la proporcionalidad y la autoría, buscando reducir el narcotráfico y proteger el bien jurídico de la salud pública. La teoría de disuasión sostiene que el incremento de sanciones puede disuadir conductas delictivas, mientras que el principio de proporcionalidad garantiza que las penas sean justas en relación con la gravedad del delito. Asimismo, la teoría de autoría y participación diferencia entre responsables principales y secundarios, permitiendo sanciones específicas según el grado de implicación. El bien jurídico tutelado, la salud pública, se definen como un valor colectivo que las normas penales buscan preservar frente a los riesgos del narcotráfico. Sin embargo, se destaca que las reformas enfrentan desafíos en su implementación y efectividad a corto plazo. Factores como las condiciones carcelarias y las dinámicas sociales cuestionan su impacto real, al tiempo que se critica su posible contribución a la reincidencia. La discusión también aborda el carácter ideológico del derecho penal, destacando cómo este refleja intereses de grupos dominantes. Finalmente, se subraya la necesidad de evaluar estas reformas desde un enfoque integral, considerando derechos humanos y la armonización con normativas internacionales, para lograr una política penal más equitativa y eficaz.
David Montoya Medina, Relaciones de trabajo en el sector público, Madrid, La Ley, 2024
Authors: Serrano García Tania
Published: February 2025

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Instalasi Listrik Pada Gedung Bertingkat Berbasis IoT
Authors: Halimi Imam
Published: February 2025

Umumnya penerapan instalasi listrik pada gedung bertingkat di Indonesia masih menggunakan pengontrolan instalasi listrik bersifat konvensional, sehingga mudah terjadinya kelalaian dalam penggunaan energi listrik yang dapat mengakibatkan pemborosan. Oleh sebab itu, dibuatlah prototype pengontrolan instalasi listrik pada gedung bertingkat berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) yang bertujuan agar dapat memonitoring serta mengontrol beban – beban kelistrikan dari jarak jauh dan bisa menghemat pemakaian listrik yang digunakan pada beban – beban kelistrikan. Adapun beban – beban instalasi listrik yang dikendalikan terdiri atas lampu, kipas komputer, dan stopkontak. Mikrokontroler yang digunakan adalah mikrokontroler Arduino sebagai kontrol utama sistem dan mikrokontroler ESP32 sebagai pengontrolan beban – beban instalasi listrik melalui media Wifi. Nantinya pengontrolan beban – beban instalasi listrik tersebut dikendalikan dengan menggunakan perangkat smartphone android. Kedua mikrokontroler tersebut dibutuhkan tegangan 12 Vdc dari power supply agar kedua mikrokontroler tersebut dapat bekerja. Maka dari itu prototype ini dibuat sebagai simulasi pengontrolan beban – beban instalasi listrik pada gedung bertingkat dengan menggunakan perangkat smartphone android. Pengontrolan beban – beban instalasi listrik tersebut diinstalasikan dengan menggunakan mikrokontroler ESP32 yang dikomunikasikan melalui media Wifi. Lalu, mikrokontroler ESP32 dihubungkan dengan mikrokontroler Arduino yang sudah diberikan 12 Vdc dari power supply. Kemudian, keluaran dari mikrokontroler Arduino dihubungkan ke rangkaian modul Relay yang selanjutnya menghubungkan ke beban – beban instalasi listrik.