bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Editorial: Nanomedicine-Based Drug Delivery Systems: Recent Developments and Future Prospects
Authors: Shakeel Faiyaz
Published: May 2023

Since the discovery of nanomedicine-based drug delivery carriers such as nanoparticles, liposomes, and self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS), enormous progress has been achieved in the field of innovative active biomolecule drug delivery systems [...]
Role of the European Pharmacist in the Implementation of the Latest WHO Guidelines for Malaria
Authors: Cohen Anita
Published: May 2023

Following the publication a few months ago of the new WHO guidelines for malaria, the European pharmacist, even out of endemic areas, as a health care professional and advisor, has a major role to play in their effective implementation and in the interest of public health. The pharmacist is central in the health care system to ensure the correct application of these recommendations and to perform a decisive role in the prevention of malaria infections, both in the adapted pharmaceutical advice on personal protection against biting vector insects on the one hand, and in the pharmaceutical analysis and recommendations concerning antimalarial chemoprophylaxis prescriptions on the other hand. Physicians and pharmacist biologists, as well as hospital pharmacists, are also important for the analysis and treatment of effective malaria cases, particularly in the management of the diagnostic and therapeutic emergency that a P. falciparum infection represents.
Prospect Theory and the Favorite Long-Shot Bias in Baseball
Authors: Nutaro James
Published: May 2023

We provide new evidence of a favorite long-shot bias for bets placed on baseball games. Our analysis uses the difference of mean run differentials as an observable proxy for the probability of a team to win. When baseball is viewed through this proxy, we see that bettors believe favorites are less likely to win than they actually are and long-shots more likely. This result is consistent with prospect theory, which suggests that large and small probabilities are poorly estimated when making decisions with risk.
Juice Quality Evaluation with Multisensor Systems—A Review
Authors: Osmólska Emilia , Stoma Monika , Starek-Wójcicka Agnieszka
Published: May 2023

E-nose and e-tongue are advanced technologies that allow for the fast and precise analysis of smells and flavours using special sensors. Both technologies are widely used, especially in the food industry, where they are implemented, e.g., for identifying ingredients and product quality, detecting contamination, and assessing their stability and shelf life. Therefore, the aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive review of the application of e-nose and e-tongue in various industries, focusing in particular on the use of these technologies in the fruit and vegetable juice industry. For this purpose, an analysis of research carried out worldwide over the last five years, concerning the possibility of using the considered multisensory systems to test the quality and taste and aroma profiles of juices is included. In addition, the review contains a brief characterization of these innovative devices through information such as their origin, mode of operation, types, advantages and disadvantages, challenges and perspectives, as well as the possibility of their applications in other industries besides the juice industry.
Polyimide-On-Silicon 2D Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasound Transducer (PMUT) Array
Authors: Joshi Sanjog Vilas , Sadeghpour Sina , Kraft Michael
Published: May 2023

This paper presents a fully addressable 8 × 8 two-dimensional (2D) rigid piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer (PMUT) array. The PMUTs were fabricated on a standard silicon wafer, resulting in a low-cost solution for ultrasound imaging. A polyimide layer is used as the passive layer in the PMUT membranes on top of the active piezoelectric layer. The PMUT membranes are realized by backside deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) with an oxide etch stop. The polyimide passive layer enables high resonance frequencies that can be easily tuned by controlling the thickness of the polyimide. The fabricated PMUT with 6 µm polyimide thickness showed a 3.2 MHz in-air frequency with a 3 nm/V sensitivity. The PMUT has shown an effective coupling coefficient of 14% as calculated from the impedance analysis. An approximately 1% interelement crosstalk between the PMUT elements in one array is observed, which is at least a five-fold reduction compared to the state of the art. A pressure response of 40 Pa/V at 5 mm was measured underwater using a hydrophone while exciting a single PMUT element. A single-pulse response captured using the hydrophone suggested a 70% −6 dB fractional bandwidth for the 1.7 MHz center frequency. The demonstrated results have the potential to enable imaging and sensing applications in shallow-depth regions, subject to some optimization.
Influence of Antenna Element Position Deviation on Radiation Performance of Helical Antenna Array
Authors: Zeng Lingqi , Wang Chengxin , Liu Haibo , Liu Ning , Wang Jinxin , Zhou Lanlan , Wang Yong , Wang Yongqing
Published: May 2023

The electrical performance of the feed array is degraded because of the position deviation of the array elements caused by manufacturing and processing, which cannot meet the high performance feeding requirements of large feed arrays. In this paper, a radiation field model of the helical antenna array considering the position deviation of array elements is proposed to investigate the influence law of position deviation on the electrical performance of the feed array. With the established model, the rectangular planar array and the circular array of the helical antenna with a radiating cup are discussed and the relationship between electrical performance index and position deviation is established by numerical analysis and curve fitting method. The research results show that the position deviation of the antenna array elements will lead to the rise of the sidelobe level, the deviation of the beam pointing, and the increase of the return loss. The valuable simulation results provided by this work can be used in antenna engineering, guiding antenna designers to set optimal parameters when fabricating antennae.
Application of the Nicoya OpenSPR to Studies of Biomolecular Binding: A Review of the Literature from 2016 to 2022
Authors: Hanson Eliza K. , Whelan Rebecca J.
Published: May 2023

The Nicoya OpenSPR is a benchtop surface plasmon resonance (SPR) instrument. As with other optical biosensor instruments, it is suitable for the label-free interaction analysis of a diverse set of biomolecules, including proteins, peptides, antibodies, nucleic acids, lipids, viruses, and hormones/cytokines. Supported assays include affinity/kinetics characterization, concentration analysis, yes/no assessment of binding, competition studies, and epitope mapping. OpenSPR exploits localized SPR detection in a benchtop platform and can be connected with an autosampler (XT) to perform automated analysis over an extended time period. In this review article, we provide a comprehensive survey of the 200 peer-reviewed papers published between 2016 and 2022 that use the OpenSPR platform. We highlight the range of biomolecular analytes and interactions that have been investigated using the platform, provide an overview on the most common applications for the instrument, and point out some representative research that highlights the flexibility and utility of the instrument.
Multi-Branch Attention Learning for Bone Age Assessment with Ambiguous Label
Authors: He Bishi , Xu Zhe , Zhou Dong , Chen Yuanjiao
Published: May 2023

Bone age assessment (BAA) is a typical clinical technique for diagnosing endocrine and metabolic diseases in children’s development. Existing deep learning-based automatic BAA models are trained on the Radiological Society of North America dataset (RSNA) from Western populations. However, due to the difference in developmental process and BAA standards between Eastern and Western children, these models cannot be applied to bone age prediction in Eastern populations. To address this issue, this paper collects a bone age dataset based on the East Asian populations for model training. Nevertheless, it is laborious and difficult to obtain enough X-ray images with accurate labels. In this paper, we employ ambiguous labels from radiology reports and transform them into Gaussian distribution labels of different amplitudes. Furthermore, we propose multi-branch attention learning with ambiguous labels network (MAAL-Net). MAAL-Net consists of a hand object location module and an attention part extraction module to discover the informative regions of interest (ROIs) based only on image-level labels. Extensive experiments on both the RSNA dataset and the China Bone Age (CNBA) dataset demonstrate that our method achieves competitive results with the state-of-the-arts, and performs on par with experienced physicians in children’s BAA tasks.
Automated Implementation of the Edinburgh Visual Gait Score (EVGS) Using OpenPose and Handheld Smartphone Video
Authors: Ramesh Shri Harini , Lemaire Edward D. , Tu Albert , Cheung Kevin , Baddour Natalie
Published: May 2023

Recent advancements in computing and artificial intelligence (AI) make it possible to quantitatively evaluate human movement using digital video, thereby opening the possibility of more accessible gait analysis. The Edinburgh Visual Gait Score (EVGS) is an effective tool for observational gait analysis, but human scoring of videos can take over 20 min and requires experienced observers. This research developed an algorithmic implementation of the EVGS from handheld smartphone video to enable automatic scoring. Participant walking was video recorded at 60 Hz using a smartphone, and body keypoints were identified using the OpenPose BODY25 pose estimation model. An algorithm was developed to identify foot events and strides, and EVGS parameters were determined at relevant gait events. Stride detection was accurate within two to five frames. The level of agreement between the algorithmic and human reviewer EVGS results was strong for 14 of 17 parameters, and the algorithmic EVGS results were highly correlated (r > 0.80, “r” represents the Pearson correlation coefficient) to the ground truth values for 8 of the 17 parameters. This approach could make gait analysis more accessible and cost-effective, particularly in areas without gait assessment expertise. These findings pave the way for future studies to explore the use of smartphone video and AI algorithms in remote gait analysis.
Real-Time Deep Recognition of Standardized Liver Ultrasound Scan Locations
Authors: Shin Jonghwan , Lee Sukhan , Yi Juneho
Published: May 2023

Liver ultrasound (US) plays a critical role in diagnosing liver diseases. However, it is often difficult for examiners to accurately identify the liver segments captured in US images due to patient variability and the complexity of US images. Our study aim is automatic, real-time recognition of standardized US scans coordinated with reference liver segments to guide examiners. We propose a novel deep hierarchical architecture for classifying liver US images into 11 standardized US scans, which has yet to be properly established due to excessive variability and complexity. We address this problem based on a hierarchical classification of 11 US scans with different features applied to individual hierarchies as well as a novel feature space proximity analysis for handling ambiguous US images. Experiments were performed using US image datasets obtained from a hospital setting. To evaluate the performance under patient variability, we separated the training and testing datasets into distinct patient groups. The experimental results show that the proposed method achieved an F1-score of more than 93%, which is more than sufficient for a tool to guide examiners. The superior performance of the proposed hierarchical architecture was demonstrated by comparing its performance with that of non-hierarchical architecture.
Artificial Neural Networks for IoT-Enabled Smart Applications: Recent Trends
Authors: Velichko Andrei , Korzun Dmitry , Meigal Alexander
Published: May 2023

In the age of neural networks and the Internet of Things (IoT), the search for new neural network architectures capable of operating on devices with limited computing power and small memory size is becoming an urgent agenda [...]
DVDR-SRGAN: Differential Value Dense Residual Super-Resolution Generative Adversarial Network
Authors: Qu Hang , Yi Huawei , Shi Yanlan , Lan Jie
Published: May 2023

In the field of single-image super-resolution reconstruction, GAN can obtain the image texture more in line with the human eye. However, during the reconstruction process, it is easy to generate artifacts, false textures, and large deviations in details between the reconstructed image and the Ground Truth. In order to further improve the visual quality, we study the feature correlation between adjacent layers and propose a differential value dense residual network to solve this problem. We first use the deconvolution layer to enlarge the features, then extract the features through the convolution layer, and finally make a difference between the features before being magnified and the features after being extracted so that the difference can better reflect the areas that need attention. In the process of extracting the differential value, using the dense residual connection method for each layer can make the magnified features more complete, so the differential value obtained is more accurate. Next, the joint loss function is introduced to fuse high-frequency information and low-frequency information, which improves the visual effect of the reconstructed image to a certain extent. The experimental results on Set5, Set14, BSD100, and Urban datasets show that our proposed DVDR-SRGAN model is improved in terms of PSNR, SSIM, and LPIPS compared with the Bicubic, SRGAN, ESRGAN, Beby-GAN, and SPSR models.
A Microservice and Serverless Architecture for Secure IoT System
Authors: Ouyang Ruiqi , Wang Jie , Xu Hefeng , Chen Shixiong , Xiong Xuanrui , Tolba Amr , Zhang Xingguo
Published: May 2023

In cross-border transactions, the transmission and processing of logistics information directly affect the trading experience and efficiency. The use of Internet of Things (IoT) technology can make this process more intelligent, efficient, and secure. However, most traditional IoT logistics systems are provided by a single logistics company. These independent systems need to withstand high computing loads and network bandwidth when processing large-scale data. Additionally, due to the complex network environment of cross-border transactions, the platform’s information security and system security are difficult to guarantee. To address these challenges, this paper designs and implements an intelligent cross-border logistics system platform that combines serverless architecture and microservice technology. This system can uniformly distribute the services of all logistics companies and divide microservices based on actual business needs. It also studies and designs corresponding Application Programming Interface (API) gateways to solve the interface exposure problem of microservices, thereby ensuring the system’s security. Furthermore, asymmetric encryption technology is used in the serverless architecture to ensure the security of cross-border logistics data. The experiments show that this research solution validates the advantages of combining serverless architecture and microservices, which can significantly reduce the operating costs and system complexity of the platform in cross-border logistics scenarios. It allows for resource expansion and billing based on application program requirements at runtime. The platform can effectively improve the security of cross-border logistics service processes and meet cross-border transaction needs in terms of data security, throughput, and latency.
Efeitos dos exercícios físicos sobre a neurogênese do cérebro de ratos adolescentes
Authors: Pereira Alves Luan , Reimol de Andrade Márcia , Oliveira Alessandro de , Lima Santos Ismael Augusto , Paiva Campos Maria Eduarda , Campos Vaz Luna Sara , Cristina Moreira Damázio Laila Cristina
Published: May 2023

Introduction. The neurogenesis of the brain of young rats can be affected by several factors in their development, with the practice of physical exercises being an important factor in the neurogenesis of nervous tissue. Objective. To investigate the effects of different physical exercise protocols of medium and high intensity on neurogenesis in the brain of adolescent rats. Method. The experimental study, where three groups of animals were used: a control group (RC), a group that performed medium-intensity physical exercise (R1) and a group that performed high-intensity physical exercise (R2). Each group with 8 animals, totaling 24 animals. The progressive resisted physical exercise program on the vertical ladder was carried out for 4 weeks, 5 days a week with a duration varying between 30 and 45 minutes. After the end of the experiments, the animals were euthanized for removal of the brain and subsequent processing, staining using the Nissl method and histomorphometric analysis by counting neurons in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and subventricular zone. Results. The data demonstrated that there was no significant difference in the area and height of the apex of the hippocampal dentate gyrus between the groups (p=0.2474 and p=0.3337; respectively). The results of the length of the apex of the hippocampal dentate gyrus showed significant differences (p=0.0172). Conclusion. The practice of medium and high intensity progressive resisted physical exercises did not modify the morphology and neuronal density in the hippocampal dentate gyrus and subventricular zone of young rats.
Epilepsia infantil decorrente de alteração no gene grin2b: um relato de caso
Authors: Macêdo Neto Olavo Leite de , Gonçalves Maria Victória Lima , Alencar Cristina Nogueira Marques de
Published: May 2023

Introdução. O desenvolvimento de novos estudos genéticos tem possibilitado um avanço maior no conhecimento das etiologias das encefalopatias epilépticas infantis (EEI) e tem proporcionado um rastreamento mais seguro de certas doenças congênitas na prática clínica. A anomalia no gene GRIN2B está relacionada à formação dos receptores glutamatérgicos do tipo NMDA, promovendo uma maior predisposição às atividades epilépticas, que durante o início da maturação cerebral, interfere diretamente no processo de neurodesenvolvimento, repercutindo no atraso cognitivo, motor, comunicativo e na socialização da criança. Objetivo. Relatar e discutir o caso clínico de uma criança com diagnóstico de epilepsia decorrente da alteração no gene GRIN2B. Método. Trata-se de um estudo observacional, descritivo, transversal no formato de relato de caso. Resultados. Os principais genes alterados nas epilepsias são os codificadores das subunidades de canais iônicos, e a outra grande parte dos genes identificados em estudos, codifica proteínas que interagem com esses canais. O gene GRIN2B é responsável por codificar a subunidade GluN2B do receptor NMDA, receptores glutamatérgicos, permitindo que partículas carregadas positivamente entrem através dos canais iônicos, gerando excitações nos neurônios. O diagnóstico é estabelecido através de painel multigênico para deficiência intelectual (com presença no painel do gene GRIN2B), Exoma, SNP-array, ou mais atualmente, o Genoma com pesquisa de CNV. Conclusão. A importância da investigação de mutações genéticas, através de todo o arsenal de exames disponibilizados na área, como possível origem das síndromes epilépticas, está no objetivo de oferecer todo um suporte terapêutico ao paciente, melhorando assim a sua qualidade de vida.
Exploring Saudi EFL Students’ Attitudes Towards NES and NNES Teachers’ Accents
Authors: Alzahrani Bushra , Alyeaish Khulod , Alsalamah Aljoharah , Almutairi Rahaf , Algahtani Rawan
Published: May 2023

Various studies have examined EFL students' attitudes towards accented English. However, this topic has rarely been studied in the Saudi context. The current study examined the attitudes of Saudi EFL university students towards teachers with British or American-accented English (a native speaker model) and Arabic-accented English (a nonnative speaker model) in the language classroom. Thirteen Saudi EFL students participated in this study. An online questionnaire was administered using the matched-guise technique. The results of the study showed that EFL teachers with an American accent is the most favored by their students. Nevertheless, there was little support for this finding. Another important finding is that the examined EFL students had similar positive attitudes towards both British and Arabic accented English. This similarity might suggest that having an accent as an EFL teacher might not perceived negatively as long as the teacher has the ability to deliver information properly.
Requesting Strategies in The Doorman Movie Using the Trosbrog's Theory (1995)
Authors: Saboe Alwiya , Machmoed Hamzah A. , Saleh Noer Jihad
Published: May 2023

In conducting this research, the researcher uses the descriptive qualitative method. This research is qualitative because the data are in the form of words and are analyzed based on the natural setting or context. this research to show the division of request strategy in speech act in the doorman movie. The doorman movie is an action genre movie which mostly from the data obtained is imperative. , the results reveal eight of Trosbrog's (1995) seven types of speech act techniques used by the characters in dialog in the movie entitled "The Doorman". Questioning the imperative strategy type of request speech act has the most data that is 16 data, and the willingness about 7 data and mild request and suggestory formulae, Statement of Obligation, Requesting as a statement of wish, permission and Statement of Speaker Wishes have the fewest data. Furthermore, the imperative strategy is very dominant in this case because the movie that Researcher uses is in the action genre, and what is unique is that the interlocutor after being given an imperative sentence or phrase and willingness and there are several or even indicating that there is no verbal answer but in a non-verbal way or we can say it as action as the answer.
Bushido Culture in Novel “47 Ronin” by John Allyn
Authors: Putra Wahyu Pratama , Machmoed Hamzah A. , Sahib Harlinah
Published: May 2023

The research aims at finding out the portrait and implementation of the bushido culture in the novel of 47 Ronin. The research type is library research which applied sociological approach and data were analyzed through qualitative method. The research result shows that the influence of the bushido culture is upheld by the samurai. The novel is based on fact of the Japanese people at the period, the influence of religious values is then channeled into public life, and it is still adhered to today in some aspects of their lives.
Extended Classification of Complement Clause Possibilities for Thinking Verbs
Authors: Nurrahmi Nurrahmi , Machmoed Hamzah A. , Saleh Noer Jihad
Published: May 2023

This paper investigates further elaboration of syntactic properties of Thinking verb. All data required for this study are taken in Corpus of Contemporary American English. This paper aims to analyse the complement clause possibilities in Thinking verbs and the sentence structure based on the data found in COCA. The research is conducted through qualitative procedures by categorizing a certain construction of the sentences and interpreting certain context related to the data. The feature of complement clause in Thinking verb has special properties; the ‘That’ is constituted in all verb types. ‘WH’ and ‘ING’ exist in Thinking verbs (except Conclude), Solve and Believe subtypes. ‘Judgment TO’ is found in Think, Assume, Remember, Know (except teach), Conclude and Believe (except Doubt) subtypes. ‘Modal (FOR) TO’ is generally formed in Think subtype (except Consider), Assume subtype (except Suppose), Ponder subtype, Remember subtype, Know subtype (except Sense), Conclude subtype (except Infer), Solve and Believe subtypes. The extended classification of Complement Clause possibilities in Thinking verbs resulted the expand of sentence classification as constituent part, Complement clause possibilities are enriched into some verb types and the data are mostly found in complex sentence.
Students’ Preferences of Interaction in Oral Productions
Authors: Permata Sari Dwi Dian , Pammu Abidin , P M. Amir
Published: May 2023

The objectives of the study were to know the students’ preferences of interactions in oral production at the fifth semester student in English Department of Makassar Muhammadiyah University. A descriptive method was applied to the fifth semester students as the sample of the study with the total number of samples were 24 students by using purposive sampling. The result of this study showed that there were three categories of preferences in oral interaction, those are preferences toward the teaching method, preferences toward the teacher performance, preferences toward the students’ interest. Meanwhile, the dominant preferences toward the teaching method were preferences of the open discussion class, the dominant preferences toward the teacher performance were preferences of the lecturer who help the students to solve the problem in the classroom, and the dominant preferences toward the students’ interest were preferences of using full English in presentation.
Escapism Towards the Surreal Arena in Negeri Senja
Authors: Hapsari Putri Nina Dwi , Riyanto Edi Dwi
Published: May 2023

“Negeri Senja” tells the story of a country that never has morning, noon, or night because there is only dusk every day. The surreal arena built into the story brings anxiety during the reading process even to the end of the open ending. The problems in this novel are framed textually. This research aims to express these concerns based on textual analysis of the novel “Negeri Senja” by Seno Gumira Ajidarma. The research method used is literary psychology, specifically Carl Gustav Jung's psychoanalysis of consciousness and unconsciousness. Content and discussion are presented in the form of qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of the textual study show that the main character in the story is undergoing a process of escapism or attitude that avoids reality and avoids all difficulties. The surreal arena in the form of “Negeri Senja” is interpreted as the center of the main character's escapism so that all reading concerns can be explained.
Literature, Idea and the Feminist Consciousness in Charlotte Perkin Gilman’s “The Yellow Wall-Paper”
Authors: Anasiudu Okwudiri
Published: May 2023

Literature reproduces social realities. These realities are furnished through ideas and form in the service of a society and every of its moments and events in history. Drawing from the foregoing proposition, this study explores the connection between literature, idea, and the feminist consciousness in Charlotte Perkin Gilman’s “The Yellow Wall-Paper” in order to demonstrate Gilman’s foregrounding of the challenge of a married woman. This study notes that Gilman’s portrayal re-echoes the challenges of contemporary women against the exertions of patriarchy, and the denial of the female voice and agency in marital space. Gilman underscores her theme through specific narrative strategies such as the creation of a cognitively active and questioning female character; who is prevented from exercising her artistic abilities and whose agency is stifled as a house wife without a name in contrast to her husband Dr. John. Another strategy is through the use of symbols such as the yellow wall paper to allegorize the female condition in marital sphere in the similitude of a prison and a caged existence. Importantly, while this paper locates the society as an important source of inspiration for the feminist idea manifest in “The Yellow Wall-Paper”, this paper submits that Gilman makes a demand for social change, and her short story constitutes a type of resistance to the narrative framing of women in domestic sphere by men, institution, authorities and orthodoxies as marginal and subalterns.
A Study on ESL Learners' Perceptions of Using One to One Online Support and Learning
Authors: Raad Bareq , Nehal Raashid
Published: May 2023

The present study aims to find the ESL learners' perceptions of the challenges of using online learning amidst covid-19. It also intends to find out their perceptions about the efficiency of using online classes to improve their English language soft skills. For this, the researchers have designed a survey incorporating two questionnaires using Five-point Likert scales. The first questionnaire is related to the challenges of online learning, and the second is connected to English language soft skills. They were distributed to 30 postgraduate ESL students from the department of English, Aligarh Muslim University (AMU). The findings reveal mixed perceptions (positive and negative). The subjects have shown positive perceptions regarding the challenges in online classes and doing assignments depending on online sources. They have also revealed positive perceptions about the interactive and proper discipline of the classroom in offline mode. In contrast, they have shown negative perceptions regarding comparing offline and online study modes and about the methodological challenges of learning in online classes and doing online assignments. In terms of improving their soft English skills, the subjects have shown positive perceptions regarding the efficiency of online classes in enhancing their reading, speaking and listening skills and negative perceptions regarding writing skills.
Extensive Flouting of Maxim Quantity in Media RRI of Jayapura
Authors: Kabanga Lewi , Sobe Maryonas , Moruk Yohanes
Published: May 2023

Language is framed in many forms and functions. Flouting is one way to convey idea by deviating rule of communication named maxims that have been proposed by theorists before. The purpose of this study is to investigate the richness of language features used by the people of Papua in interacting ideas throughout TOB-CER program in RRI. The method used in this study was descriptive qualitative method. The procedures used to collect data were recording and selecting. Data was recorded for total seven nights and then selected the familiar topics by considering the distribution of woman and man broadcasters. The data then was transcribed into written forms. The reduction is needed to pick the needed text and then indexed the deviation of maxim quantity into the table. The collections of maxim quantity were analyze by using flouting as its benchmark. The results of this study showed that flouting of maxim quantity is usually used in telling joke and text of intertextuality. The features of telling joke/humor are to release tensions, holding friendship relations as aspect of humanity. Meanwhile, the intertextuality text is featured with measuring understanding and general status such as identity and power. The reasons to express all this flouting are to establish friendship, harmony and to grow the sense of belonging toward the existence of RRI as historical media communication in Papua.
The Concept of Achievement of Insan Kamil According to Sheikh Muhammad Nafis Al- Banjari
Authors: Ahmad Habib
Published: May 2023

Humans frequently engage in the act of praying. Those who hold religious beliefs and faith are likely to pray on a daily basis. Typically, when people pray, they make requests or express their thoughts to their Creator. Prayer is commonly perceived as a way to communicate with God. During prayer, individuals speak and interact with God, anticipating a response. Consequently, prayer is not an unfamiliar or unusual practice for humans since it involves speaking directly to God. This qualitative research study aims to explore the role of prayer in the spiritual lives of Christian believers using a Bible exegetical approach, in particular the Lord’s Prayer. The research utilizes the extensive knowledge and background of biblical passages in Matthew 6:5-13 that are connected to prayer with the objective of understanding the beliefs, practices, and experiences of Christian believers. Findings reveal that prayer plays a significant role in the spiritual lives of Christian believers, providing a means of communication with God, fostering a sense of intimacy and relationship with God, and serving as a source of comfort, guidance, and empowerment.
SOCIAL FACTORS OF MENTAL HEALTH AND WELL-BEING OF OLDER RUSSIANS
Authors: Маркеева А.В. , Синяков А.В.
Published: May 2023

В статье на основе результатов волновых социологических исследований ощущаемого качества жизни за 2002–2019 гг. и авторского репрезентативного обследования пожилых россиян в 2022 г. выделены социальные факторы ментального здоровья и благополучия пожилых россиян. Возраст, гендер и занятость выступают наиболее значимыми детерминантами не только социальной активности, но ментального здоровья и эмоционального благополучия. При этом в ходе исследования показано, что пандемия оказала разнонаправленное влияние на ощущаемое качество жизни у пожилых россиян. В сравнении с допандемийной ситуацией, после смягчения ограничительных мер, параметр социальной активности существенно вырос, параметр ментального здоровья практически не изменился, а вот эмоциональные проблемы пожилые россияне стали чувствовать острее. Жесткие ограничения для старшего возраста, длительный период изоляции, необходимость работающим пенсионерам перестраивать свою работу в дистанционном формате, стрессы, тревога, беспокойство — все это сказывалось на повседневной жизни пожилых.

The article highlights social factors of mental health and well-being of older Russians based on the results of wave sociological studies of the perceived quality of life for 2002–2019 and the author’s representative survey of older Russians in 2022. Age, gender and employment are the most signifi cant determinants not only of social activity, but also of mental health and emotional well-being. At the same time, the study shows that the pandemic had a multidirectional impact on perceived quality of life among older Russians. Compared to the prepandemic situation, after the relaxation of restrictive measures, the parameter of social activity increased signifi cantly, the parameter of mental health remained virtually unchanged, but the emotional problems of elderly Russians became more acute. Due to the severe restrictions for older people, the long period of isolation, and for working pensioners — also due to the need to restructure their work remotely — stress, anxiety and worry have affected everyday life.
CAPILLARY BLOOD FLOW MORPHOFUNCTIONAL READJUSTMENTS IN NORTHERNERS OF DIFFERENT AGES
Authors: Аверьянова И.В. , Вдовенко С.И.
Published: May 2023

Морфофункциональные показатели капиллярного кровотока можно рассматривать как один из наиболее чувствительных маркеров онтогенетических дезадаптивных изменений как на уровне локального участка капиллярной сети, так и в сердечно-сосудистой системе в целом. Для выявления возрастной динамики морфофункциональных характеристик капиллярного русла было проведено обследование 277 мужчин 18–66 лет — жителей Севера. Установлена значимая возрастная динамика, проявляющаяся в уменьшении диаметра артериального и переходного отделов микрокапиллярного русла в ряду от юношей к лицам пожилого возраста. При этом коэффициент ремоделирования значимо возрастал у мужчин трудоспособного и пожилого возраста, что свидетельствует о риске снижения эффективности диффузии веществ. Наблюдаемое в данном возрастном векторе возрастание средней длины капилляра можно рассматривать как компенсаторное увеличение контактной поверхности сосуда, направленное на поддержание необходимого уровня транскапиллярного обмена. Данные микроциркуляторные изменения, отчетливо прослеживающиеся с увеличением возраста обследованных мужчин, свидетельствуют об адаптивной перестройке микроангиоархитектоники, что может указывать на формирование характерного паттерна онтогенетических перестроек у жителей-северян.

Morphofunctional characteristics of capillary blood fl ow can be considered one of the most sensitive markers of ontogenetic desadaptive changes both within a local area of the capillary network and in the entire cardiovascular system. The study involved two hundred seventyseven male northerners aged 18–66 to identify the age dynamics of the capillary bed morphofunctional characteristics. Subjects exhibited a reduction in diameters of arterial and transitional sections of the microcapillary bed testifying to a signifi cant age dynamics from young men to the elderly. The remodeling coeffi cient increasingly came up in workable and elderly men, which indicated the risk of reducing in effectiveness of substances diffusion. We could see the average capillary length increase in this age vector and considered that as a compensatory growth of the contact surface of the vessel aimed at maintaining the necessary level of transcapillary exchange. We clearly observed microcirculatory changes with subjective age and considered them to be adaptive changes of microangioarchitectonics which may indicate the formation of a pattern characteristic of northerners’ ontogenetic readjustments.
EFFECT OF PHARMACOLOGICAL STIMULATION OF MELATONIN RECEPTORS ON RENAL FUNCTION IN AGING
Authors: Жукова О.В. , Виноградова И.А. , Горанский А.И.
Published: May 2023

Цель исследования — изучение ионного обмена, а также водо- и азотовыделительной функции почек у крыс под влиянием фармакологической стимуляции мелатониновых рецепторов. Эксперимент был проведен на крысах-самцах, которые были разделены на две группы: 1-я — контрольная (n=35), содержалась в стандартных условиях вивария; 2-я — на протяжении всей жизни получала мелатонин вместе с питьевой водой (n=35). Исследование проведено с соблюдением международных принципов Хельсинкской декларации о гуманном отношении к животным. По анализу крови и мочи определяли потребление воды, объем диуреза, содержание креатинина, мочевины, ионов натрия и калия в моче и крови. На основании полученных данных рассчитывали параметры водно-солевого обмена. Полученные в результате исследования данные подвергали статистической обработке. В результате эксперимента отмечено снижение функциональных способностей почек у крыс как в контрольной группе, так и в группе животных, получавших мелатонин. Однако анализ данных показывает, что крысы, получавшие мелатонин, имели более высокие показатели водовыделительной, ионорегулирующей и азотовыделительной функций почек по сравнению с интактными животными. Таким образом, длительное применение экзогенного мелатонина приводило к более стабильному функционированию почек и водно-солевого обмена у старых животных в сравнении с контрольной группой.

The aim of the study was to study ion exchange, as well as water and nitrogen excretion function of the kidneys in rats under the infl uence of pharmacological stimulation of melatonin receptors. The experiment was conducted on male rats, which were divided into 2 groups. The fi rst group was a control group (n=35) and was kept in standard vivarium conditions. Animals of the second group received melatonin along with drinking water throughout their lives (n=35). The study was conducted in compliance with the international principles of the Helsinki Declaration on Humane Treatment of Animals. According to the blood and urine analysis, water consumption, the volume of diuresis, the content of creatinine, urea, sodium and potassium ions in urine and blood were determined. Based on the data obtained, the parameters of water-salt metabolism were calculated. The data obtained as a result of the study were subjected to statistical processing. As a result of the experiment, a decrease in the functional abilities of the kidneys was noted in rats both in the control group and in the group of animals treated with melatonin. However, data analysis shows that rats treated with melatonin had higher values of indicators of water-releasing, ion-regulating and nitrogen-releasing kidney functions compared with intact animals. Thus, long-term use of exogenous melatonin led to more stable functioning of the kidneys and water-salt metabolism in old animals compared with the control group.
FEATURES OF CD68+ AND CD163+ EXPRESSION IN THE URINARY BLADDER AS A MARKER OF CANCER IN AGE ASPECTS
Authors: Павлова Т.В. , Прощаев К.И. , Павлов И.А. , Бессмертный Д.В. , Пилькевич Н.Б. , Павлова Л.А. , Османова Н.А.
Published: May 2023

В исследовании представлено изучение экспрессии CD68+ и CD163+ в мочевом пузыре как маркера рака в возрастных аспектах. В рамках выполненной работы были обследованы 35 пациентов 36– 70 лет с раком мочевого пузыря с гистологической верификацией заболевания. Изменение уровня экспрессии CD68+ и CD163+ в клетках моноцитарного происхождения может трактоваться как показатель диагностических параметров активности тканевых макрофагов и эндотелиальных клеток при раке. Их прогрессия при онкогенезе особенно ярко выражена в группе пациентов среднего возраста. В пожилом возрасте наблюдали снижение данных параметров, что свидетельствует в пользу уменьшения активности развития онкологических процессов с возрастом. Сочетание морфологического и иммунологического атипизма приводит к нарушению функциональной специализации органа.

The study presents a study of the expression of CD68+ and CD163+ in the bladder as a marker of cancer in age-related aspects. As part of the work performed, 35 patients with bladder cancer with histological verifi cation of the disease aged 36 to 70 years were studied. The role of CD68+ and CD163+ cells in bladder reactions can be interpreted as an indicator of diagnostic parameters of the activity of tissue macrophages and endothelial cells in cancer. Their progression during oncogenesis is especially pronounced in the group of middle-aged patients. In old age, there is a decrease in these parameters, which indicates in favor of a decrease in the activity of the development of oncological processes with age. The combination of morphological and immunological atypism leads to a violation of the functional specialization of the organ.
ВЛИЯНИЕ СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ И МЕДИЦИНСКИХ ФАКТОРОВ НА КАЧЕСТВО ЖИЗНИ ЛЮДЕЙ ПОЖИЛОГО И СТАРЧЕСКОГО ВОЗРАСТА
Authors: Saleev R.A. , Fedorova N.S. , Saleeva G.T. , Shakirova L.R.
Published: May 2023

The object of the study was senile people, who sought dental orthopedic care in municipal healthcare institutions of the town of Cheboksary, the Chuvash Republic. The sample size was 1 000 people. The obtained quantitative indicators were subjected to statistical processing using parametric and nonparametric statistical methods. The analysis of mounted orthopedic dent prosthetic structures manufactured and installed in elderly and senile patients shows that the choice of material and method of manufacture is largely determined by such a social factor as the average monthly income. This, in turn, largely depends on income-generating employment and the possibility of obtaining additional fi nancial support from family members in which the patient lives. Social factors have a significant impact on the quality of life in elderly and senile people.

Объектом изучения стали люди пожилого и старческого возраста, обратившиеся за стоматологической ортопедической помощью в муниципальные учреждения здравоохранения (Чебоксары, Чувашская Республика). Размер выборки составил 1 тыс. человек. Полученные количественные показатели были подвергнуты статистической обработке с использованием параметрических и непараметрических методов. Проведенный анализ установленных ортопедических зубопротезных конструкций, изготовленных и установленных пациентам пожилого и старческого возраста, показал, что выбор материала и способа изготовления во многом определяется таким социальным фактором, как среднемесячный доход. Это, в свою очередь, во многом зависит от трудовой занятости, приносящей доход, и возможности получения дополнительной финансовой поддержки от членов семьи, в которой пациент проживает. Социальные факторы оказывают существенное влияние на качество жизни людей пожилого и старческого возраста.
NEUROIMAGING OF CEREBRAL SMALL VESSEL DISEASE IN MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Стулов И.К. , Гомзякова Н.А. , Плюснина Я.Д. , Лукина Л.В. , Залуцкая Н.М. , Ананьева Н.И.
Published: May 2023

Церебральная болезнь мелких сосудов является клинико-радиологическим феноменом, часто встречающимся у лиц пожилого возраста. Вопрос о количественных показателях поражения белого вещества у пациентов с умеренными когнитивными нарушениями сосудистого генеза в настоящий момент остается открытым. Недостаточно изучена и взаимосвязь степени нарушений когнитивных функций и объема поражения белого вещества. Цель исследования — проанализировать объемы поражения белого вещества головного мозга у пациентов с подкорковыми сосудистыми умеренными когнитивными расстройствами (псУКР) и в контрольной группе по данным МРТ. В исследование были включены 50 человек: 25 — с псУКР (средний возраст — 75,88±4,04 года) и 25 — условно-здоровых добровольцев (средний возраст — 69,96±3,07 года). Получены значимые различия в объёме поражения белого вещества между обследуемыми группами. Фракция гипоинтенсивного белого вещества составила 0,74±0,41 у пациентов с псУКР и 0,15±0,07 — в контрольной группе. При корреляционном анализе у пациентов с псУКР только степень изменения функции психического контроля показала отрицательную взаимосвязь с объемом поражения белого вещества. Полученные данные позволяют предположить, что оценка объема поражения белого вещества имеет значение у пациентов с псУКР, однако не полностью объясняет снижение когнитивных функций.

Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) — is a clinical and radiological phenomenon characteristic of older adults. Currently, the extent of white matter lesions (WML) in patients with moderate cognitive disorders remains uncertain. Also, the relationship of cognitive impairment with the volume of WML has not been suffi ciently studied. The aim of the study was to analyze the WML volumes in patients with subcortical vascular mild cognitive impairment (svMCI) and in the control group according to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The study included 50 people: 25 patients with svMCI (average age 75,88±4,04 years) and 25 conditionally healthy volunteers (average age 69,96±3,07 years). Signifi cant differences in the volume of WML between the study groups were obtained. The fraction of hypointense WML was 0,74±0,41 in patients with svMCI and 0,15±0,07 in the control group. In the correlation analysis in the svMCI group, only the function of mental control showed a negative relationship with the fraction of WML. The data obtained suggest that the assessment of the volume of WML is important in patients with svMCI, but does not fully explain the decline in cognitive functions.