bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-axial-resolution speckle-free holographic reconstruction via cylindrical quadratic phase method and temporal focusing
Authors: Wang Yifan , Zheng Yao , Li Hongru , Gong Wei , Si Ke
Published: October 2023

Holographic techniques enable precise laser manipulation, but suffer from two considerable limitations: speckle and deterioration of axial distribution. Here, we propose a cylindrical quadratic phase (CQP) method with temporal focusing (TF) to generate speckle-free holographic illumination with high axial resolution. TF-CQP utilizes a superposed cylindrical phase as the initial guess to iteratively optimize phase hologram, realizing speckle-free holographic reconstruction on the target focal plane and eliminating secondary focus on the defocused planes. TF-CQP further disperses defocused beams symmetrically by a blazed grating, placed conjugate to the focal plane, which enhances axial confinement. Simulation and experimental results show that TF-CQP reconstructs speckle-free illumination with arbitrary shapes and <10 µm axial resolution. Compared to TF-GS (Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm), widely used in holographic optogenetics, TF-CQP shows increased uniformity of 200% and improved modulation efficiency of 32.33% for parallel holographic illumination, as well as a 10% increment in axial resolution.
Direct readout of mirror reflectivity for cavity-enhanced gas sensing using Pound-Drever-Hall signals
Authors: Zhang Hui , Zhang Dongqing , Hu Mengpeng , Wang Qiang
Published: October 2023

The operation of cavity-enhanced techniques usually requires independent pre-calibration of the mirror reflectivity to precisely quantify the absorption. Here we show how to directly calibrate the effective mirror reflectivity without using any gas samples of known concentration or high-speed optical/electrical devices. Leveraging a phase modulator to generate sidebands, we are able to record Pound–Drever–Hall error signals shaped by cavity modes that can reveal the effective reflectivity after waveform analysis. As an example, we demonstrated the reflectivity calibration of a pair of near-infrared mirrors over 80 nm with a free spectral range-limited resolution, illustrating a reflectivity uncertainty of 2 × 10−5 in the center part of the refection wavelength range of the mirrors and larger at the edges. With an effective reflectivity of 0.9982 (finesse ∼1746) inferred at 1531.6 nm, a short ∼ 8-cm Fabry–Pérot cavity achieved a minimum detectable absorption coefficient of 9.1 × 10−9 cm−1 for trace C2H2 detection. This method, by providing convenient calibration in an almost real-time manner, would enable more practical cavity-enhanced gas measurement even with potential mirror reflectivity degradation.
Cascaded transflective liquid crystal planar lenses enable multi-plane augmented reality
Authors: Ye Xianglin , Fan Fan , Wen Shuangchun
Published: October 2023

In this Letter, we report and experimentally demonstrate the multi-plane augmented reality (AR) by combining the reflective polarization volume lens (PVL) and electrically controlled transmissive Pancharatnam–Berry (PB) liquid crystal (LC) lens. This strategy is based on the electrically controlled power-based approach, which significantly alleviates the challenge of vergence–accommodation conflict (VAC) of the current near-eye display (NED). As a proof of concept, a birdbath architecture dual-plane optical see-through (OST) display was implemented experimentally by changing the power of the lens. The proposed method is expected to be a novel, to the best of our knowledge, NED that is compact, light, and fatigue-free.
Autofocus Fourier single-pixel microscopy
Authors: Deng Zilin , Qi Shaoting , Zhang Zibang , Zhong Jingang
Published: October 2023

Single-pixel microscopy enables observation of micro samples in invisible wave bands. Finding the focus position is essential to capture a clear image of a sample but could be difficult for single-pixel microscopy particularly in invisible wave bands. It is because the structured patterns projected onto the sample would be invisible and searching for the focus position manually could be exhausting. Here, we report an autofocus method for Fourier single-pixel microscopy. The reported method allows one to find the focus position without recording or reconstructing a complete image. The focus position is determined by the magnitude summation of a small number of Fourier coefficients, which enables fast autofocus. The reported method is experimentally demonstrated in imaging various objects in both visible and near-infrared wave bands. The method adds practicability to a single-pixel microscopy.
Compact and broadband dual-polarization waveguide crossing utilizing subwavelength-hole-assisted MMI couplers
Authors: Ni Bin , Luo Chenyang , Chen Hanyue , Wu Shengbao , Hou Lianping , Liu Hao , Xiong Jichuan
Published: October 2023

In this Letter, an ultracompact silicon-based waveguide crossing for dual polarizations is proposed and experimentally demonstrated using subwavelength-hole-assisted multimode interference couplers. Thanks to the flexible and easy dispersion engineering in the introduced subwavelength-hole-assisted multimode interference couplers, the reduced and equal beat lengths for dual polarizations are accessible via careful parametric optimization, consequently enabling a substantially reduced device size. Experimental results indicate that the proposed crossing (13.6 × 13.6 µm2 in size) features a low insertion loss of 1.03 dB (0.76 dB) and low crosstalk of –32.5 dB (–37.8 dB) at a central wavelength of 1550 nm for TE (TM) mode, with a broad bandwidth of ∼80 nm for crosstalk of <–18 dB.
Luminescence properties of RE3+-doped (RE=Y, Lu, La) CsPbBr3 nanocrystals in fluorophosphate glasses
Authors: Fu Lili , Feng Qidong , Zheng Ruilin , Liu Chunxiao , Wei Wei
Published: October 2023

Rare-earth (RE) ions doping is currently a promising approach for adjusting the optical properties of CsPbX3 (X=Cl, Br, I) nanocrystals (NCs) in glasses. In this work, we achieved the preparation and property regulation of RE-doped CsPbBr3 NCs using a conventional melt-quenching and subsequent heat treatment technique. The lattice structures and optical properties of the RE-doped CsPbBr3 NCs in glasses were comprehensively analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), photoluminescence (PL), and transmittance spectra. The results suggested that the entry of dopant ions into the lattice structure showed a strong correlation with the optical property change of the CsPbX3 NCs in glasses. This work provides novel ideas for research on halide perovskite NCs embedded in amorphous materials.
RedEye-1: a compact SWIR hyperspectral imager for observation of atmospheric methane and carbon dioxide
Authors: Alsalem Naif , Betters Christopher H. , Mao Yiwei , Cairns Iver H. , Leon-Saval Sergio G.
Published: October 2023

We present the development of our first prototype of a compact short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) hyperspectral imager, RedEye-1, designed to observe and measure the concentrations of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. It operates in the spectral range of 1588 nm to 1673 nm with a nominal spectral resolution of 0.5 nm and has a total weight of approximately 1.8 kg. We outline the optical design of the instrument, including its fore-optics (telescope), and evaluate its performance using the OpticStudio ZEMAX software. In addition, we explain the spectral and radiometric calibration procedures and present the results. Our preliminary data reduction and analysis revealed a high quality SWIR image and a single path measurement of an atmospheric profile displaying the absorption lines of CH4 and CO2.
A Drosophila glial cell atlas reveals a mismatch between transcriptional and morphological diversity
Authors: Lago-Baldaia Inês , Cooper Maia , Seroka Austin , Trivedi Chintan , Powell Gareth T. , Wilson Stephen W. , Ackerman Sarah D. , Fernandes Vilaiwan M.
Published: October 2023

Morphology is a defining feature of neuronal identity. Like neurons, glia display diverse morphologies, both across and within glial classes, but are also known to be morphologically plastic. Here, we explored the relationship between glial morphology and transcriptional signature using the Drosophila central nervous system (CNS), where glia are categorised into 5 main classes (outer and inner surface glia, cortex glia, ensheathing glia, and astrocytes), which show within-class morphological diversity. We analysed and validated single-cell RNA sequencing data of Drosophila glia in 2 well-characterised tissues from distinct developmental stages, containing distinct circuit types: the embryonic ventral nerve cord (VNC) (motor) and the adult optic lobes (sensory). Our analysis identified a new morphologically and transcriptionally distinct surface glial population in the VNC. However, many glial morphological categories could not be distinguished transcriptionally, and indeed, embryonic and adult astrocytes were transcriptionally analogous despite differences in developmental stage and circuit type. While we did detect extensive within-class transcriptomic diversity for optic lobe glia, this could be explained entirely by glial residence in the most superficial neuropil (lamina) and an associated enrichment for immune-related gene expression. In summary, we generated a single-cell transcriptomic atlas of glia in Drosophila, and our extensive in vivo validation revealed that glia exhibit more diversity at the morphological level than was detectable at the transcriptional level. This atlas will serve as a resource for the community to probe glial diversity and function.
Spatacsin regulates directionality of lysosome trafficking by promoting the degradation of its partner AP5Z1
Authors: Pierga Alexandre , Matusiak Raphaël , Cauhapé Margaux , Branchu Julien , Danglot Lydia , Boutry Maxime , Darios Frédéric
Published: October 2023

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) forms contacts with the lysosomal compartment, regulating lysosome positioning and motility. The movements of lysosomes are controlled by the attachment of molecular motors to their surface. However, the molecular mechanisms by which ER controls lysosome dynamics are still elusive. Here, using mouse brain extracts and mouse embryonic fibroblasts, we demonstrate that spatacsin is an ER-resident protein regulating the formation of tubular lysosomes, which are highly dynamic. Screening for spatacsin partners required for tubular lysosome formation showed spatacsin to act by regulating protein degradation. We demonstrate that spatacsin promotes the degradation of its partner AP5Z1, which regulates the relative amount of spastizin and AP5Z1 at lysosomes. Spastizin and AP5Z1 contribute to regulate tubular lysosome formation, as well as their trafficking by interacting with anterograde and retrograde motor proteins, kinesin KIF13A and dynein/dynactin subunit p150Glued, respectively. Ultimately, investigations in polarized mouse cortical neurons in culture demonstrated that spatacsin-regulated degradation of AP5Z1 controls the directionality of lysosomes trafficking. Collectively, our results identify spatacsin as a protein regulating the directionality of lysosome trafficking.
Spatial Configurations of 3D Extracellular Matrix Collagen Density and Anisotropy Simultaneously Guide Angiogenesis
Authors: LaBelle Steven A. , Poulson A. Marsh , Maas Steve A. , Rauff Adam , Ateshian Gerard A. , Weiss Jeffrey A.
Published: October 2023

Extracellular matrix (ECM) collagen density and fibril anisotropy are thought to affect the development of new vasculatures during pathologic and homeostatic angiogenesis. Computational simulation is emerging as a tool to investigate the role of matrix structural configurations on cell guidance. However, prior computational models have only considered the orientation of collagen as a model input. Recent experimental evidence indicates that cell guidance is simultaneously influenced by the direction and intensity of alignment (i.e., degree of anisotropy) as well as the local collagen density. The objective of this study was to explore the role of ECM collagen anisotropy and density during sprouting angiogenesis through simulation in the AngioFE and FEBio modeling frameworks. AngioFE is a plugin for FEBio (Finite Elements for Biomechanics) that simulates cell-matrix interactions during sprouting angiogenesis. We extended AngioFE to represent ECM collagen as deformable 3D ellipsoidal fibril distributions (EFDs). The rate and direction of microvessel growth were modified to depend simultaneously on the ECM collagen anisotropy (orientation and degree of anisotropy) and density. The sensitivity of growing neovessels to these stimuli was adjusted so that AngioFE could reproduce the growth and guidance observed in experiments where microvessels were cultured in collagen gels of varying anisotropy and density. We then compared outcomes from simulations using EFDs to simulations that used AngioFE’s prior vector field representation of collagen anisotropy. We found that EFD simulations were more accurate than vector field simulations in predicting experimentally observed microvessel guidance. Predictive simulations demonstrated the ability of anisotropy gradients to recruit microvessels across short and long distances relevant to wound healing. Further, simulations predicted that collagen alignment could enable microvessels to overcome dense tissue interfaces such as tumor-associated collagen structures (TACS) found in desmoplasia and tumor-stroma interfaces. This approach can be generalized to other mechanobiological relationships during cell guidance phenomena in computational settings.
Back to normal? The health care situation of home care receivers across Europe during the COVID-19 pandemic and its implications on health
Authors: Bergmann Michael , Wagner Melanie
Published: October 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic began impacting Europe in early 2020, posing significant challenges for individuals requiring care. This group is particularly susceptible to severe COVID-19 infections and depends on regular health care services. In this article, we examine the situation of European care recipients aged 50 years and older 18 months after the pandemic outbreak and compare it to the initial phase of the pandemic. In the descriptive section, we illustrate the development of (unmet) care needs and access to health care throughout the pandemic. Additionally, we explore regional variations in health care receipt across Europe. In the analytical section, we shed light on the mid- and long-term health consequences of COVID-19-related restrictions on accessing health care services by making comparisons between care recipients and individuals without care needs. We conducted an analysis using data from the representative Corona Surveys of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). Our study examines changes in approximately 3,400 care-dependent older Europeans (aged 50+) interviewed in 2020 and 2021, comparing them with more than 45,000 respondents not receiving care. The dataset provides a cross-national perspective on care recipients across 27 European countries and Israel. Our findings reveal that in 2021, compared to the previous year, difficulties in obtaining personal care from someone outside the household were significantly reduced in Western and Southern European countries. Access to health care services improved over the course of the pandemic, particularly with respect to medical treatments and appointments that had been canceled by health care institutions. However, even 18 months after the COVID-19 outbreak, a considerable number of treatments had been postponed either by respondents themselves or by health care institutions. These delayed medical treatments had adverse effects on the physical and mental health of both care receivers and individuals who did not rely on care.
Independent and joint associations of cardiorespiratory fitness and lower-limb muscle strength with cardiometabolic risk in older adults
Authors: Camara Marcyo , Lima Kenio C. , Freire Yuri A. , Souto Gabriel C. , Macêdo Geovani A. D. , Silva Raissa de M. , Cabral Ludmila L. P. , Browne Rodrigo A. V. , Lemos Telma M. A. M. , Waters Debra L. , Vieira Edgar R. , Manini Todd M. , Costa Eduardo Caldas
Published: October 2023

The aim of this study was to investigate the independent and joint associations of low cardiorespiratory fitness and lower-limb muscle strength with cardiometabolic risk in older adults. A total of 360 community-dwelling older adults aged 60–80 years participated in this cross-sectional study. Cardiometabolic risk was based on the diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome and poor Ideal Cardiovascular Health according to the American Heart Association guidelines. Cardiorespiratory fitness and lower-limb muscle strength were estimated using the six-minute walk and the 30-second chair stand tests, respectively. Participants in the 20th percentile were defined as having low cardiorespiratory fitness and lower-limb muscle strength. Poisson’s regression was used to determine the prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of Metabolic Syndrome and poor Ideal Cardiovascular Health. Participants with low cardiorespiratory fitness alone and combined with low lower-limb muscle strength were similarly associated with a higher risk for Metabolic Syndrome (PR 1.27, 95% CI 1.09–1.48, and PR 1.32, 95% CI 1.10–1.58, respectively), and poor Ideal Cardiovascular Health (PR 1.76, 95% CI 1.25–2.47, and PR 1.65, 95% CI 1.19–2.28, respectively). Low lower-limb muscle strength alone was not associated with a higher risk for either Metabolic Syndrome or poor Ideal Cardiovascular Health (PR 1.23, 95% CI 0.81–1.87, and PR 1.11, 95% CI 0.89–1.37, respectively). Low cardiorespiratory fitness alone or combined with low lower-limb muscle strength, but not low lower-limb muscle strength alone, was associated with a higher cardiometabolic risk in older adults. The assessment of physical fitness may be a “window of opportunity” to identify youngest-old adults with a high cardiovascular disease risk.
ALGD-ORB: An improved image feature extraction algorithm with adaptive threshold and local gray difference
Authors: Chu Guoming , Peng Yan , Luo Xuhong
Published: October 2023

Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) technology is crucial for achieving spatial localization and autonomous navigation. Finding image features that are representative presents a key challenge in visual SLAM systems. The widely used ORB (Oriented FAST and Rotating BRIEF) algorithm achieves rapid image feature extraction. However, traditional ORB algorithms face issues such as dense, overlapping feature points, and imbalanced distribution, resulting in mismatches and redundancies. This paper introduces an image feature extraction algorithm called Adaptive Threshold and Local Gray Difference-ORB(ALGD-ORB) to address these limitations. Specifically, an adaptive threshold is employed to enhance feature point detection, and an improved quadtree method is used to homogenize feature point distribution. This method combines feature descriptors generated from both gray size and gray difference to enhance feature descriptor distinctiveness. By fusing these descriptors, their effectiveness is improved. Experimental results demonstrate that the ALGD-ORB algorithm significantly enhances the uniformity of feature point distribution compared to other algorithms, while maintaining accuracy and real-time performance.
Research on U-shaped relationship between short-term debt for long-term use and supply chain enterprise default risk: Evidence from Chinese listed firms
Authors: Shen Huaqiao , Chen Jinlong
Published: October 2023

This paper empirically investigates the impact mechanism of short-term debt for long-term use and the default risk of supply chain firms with the data of Chinese A-share listed firms from 2007 to 2021. The study shows that there is a significant U-curve relationship between short-term debt for long-term use and supply chain firms’ default risk, and too high or too low a level of short-term loans and long-term investments will worsen firms’ default risk. In addition, firm performance plays an mediating effect in the process of short-term debt for long-term investment affecting the default risk of supply chain firms. Finally, customer effect and firm heterogeneity play a moderating role in the impact of short-term loans and long-term investments on the default risk of supply chain firms, and the U-shaped relationship will be strengthened under the high-intensity customer effect. This study has important theoretical and practical significance for analyzing the impact of default risk contagion in supply chain enterprises.
Nanobodies against C. difficile TcdA and TcdB reveal unexpected neutralizing epitopes and provide a toolkit for toxin quantitation in vivo
Authors: Kordus Shannon L. , Kroh Heather K. , Rodríguez Rubén Cano , Shrem Rebecca A. , Peritore-Galve F. Christopher , Shupe John A. , Wadzinski Brian E. , Lacy D. Borden , Spiller Benjamin W.
Published: October 2023

Clostridioides difficile is a leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and nosocomial infection in the United States. The symptoms of C. difficile infection (CDI) are associated with the production of two homologous protein toxins, TcdA and TcdB. The toxins are considered bona fide targets for clinical diagnosis as well as the development of novel prevention and therapeutic strategies. While there are extensive studies that document these efforts, there are several gaps in knowledge that could benefit from the creation of new research tools. First, we now appreciate that while TcdA sequences are conserved, TcdB sequences can vary across the span of circulating clinical isolates. An understanding of the TcdA and TcdB epitopes that drive broadly neutralizing antibody responses could advance the effort to identify safe and effective toxin-protein chimeras and fragments for vaccine development. Further, an understanding of TcdA and TcdB concentration changes in vivo can guide research into how host and microbiome-focused interventions affect the virulence potential of C. difficile. We have developed a panel of alpaca-derived nanobodies that bind specific structural and functional domains of TcdA and TcdB. We note that many of the potent neutralizers of TcdA bind epitopes within the delivery domain, a finding that could reflect roles of the delivery domain in receptor binding and/or the conserved role of pore-formation in the delivery of the toxin enzyme domains to the cytosol. In contrast, neutralizing epitopes for TcdB were found in multiple domains. The nanobodies were also used for the creation of sandwich ELISA assays that allow for quantitation of TcdA and/or TcdB in vitro and in the cecal and fecal contents of infected mice. We anticipate these reagents and assays will allow researchers to monitor the dynamics of TcdA and TcdB production over time, and the impact of various experimental interventions on toxin production in vivo.
SUSTENTABILIDADE E DIREITOS HUMANOS: PERCEPÇÃO DOS ESTUDANTES DO ENSINO MÉDIO DO MUNICÍPIO DE CAÇADOR-SC
Authors: Hulse Levi , Bonin Joel Cezar , Klaus Junior Claudio Antonio
Published: October 2023

Contextualização: este artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa desenvolvida no município de Caçador, do Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil sobre a percepção dos estudantes do Ensino Médio acerca dos temas da sustentabilidade e dos direitos humanos.
Objetivo: a pesquisa aqui apresentada foi financiada pela Fapesc (Fundação de Amparo à pesquisa e inovação do Estado de Santa Catarina) e teve como escopo fundamental a investigação acerca da compreensão geral dos estudantes deste nível de ensino sobre a existência da Agenda 2030 e seus 17 ODS.
Metodologia: o artigo está dividido nos seguintes elementos: a) um levantamento rápido acerca do histórico da sustentabilidade principalmente desde o século 20; b) os desafios do ODS 4 (educação de qualidade) no Brasil; c) A metodologia adotada na pesquisa; d) os dilemas da educação no município de Caçador, principalmente no Ensino Médio, e) alguns gráficos resultantes da pesquisa desenvolvida e f) considerações finais. É precípuo apresentar que a pesquisa aqui apresentada teve caráter metodológico bibliográfico, com análise quanti-qualitativa de dados.
Resultados: o desenvolvimento deste trabalho é de caráter analítico, mas sem querer apontar respostas definitivas acerca do problema principal, pois o verdadeiro escopo das discussões aqui apontadas nos levam a perceber que a educação em nosso país é um problema nacional e que a realidade vivida pelos estudantes do Ensino Médio de nosso município, nada mais é que um eco de um problema mais global. Compreende-se ainda que a educação é um dos elementos fulcrais para a transformação social com vistas ao atendimento das demandas e exigências que Agenda 2030 nos coloca e que o não-cumprimento dessas cobranças poderá comprometer nosso presente e nosso futuro enquanto humanidade.
Translucent composite slabs from high-performance concrete with optical fibers - technical solution and analysis ﻿
Authors:   , Štochl Nikola
Published: October 2023

Light transmitting concrete as a building material already exists in many forms, but its light properties and the possibilities of using it to improve the lighting of interior spaces, have not been investigated in detail yet. This work focused on the illumination of interior spaces using constructions made of light-transmitting concrete, which will allow light to pass between individual spaces. The experimental measurements carried out are divided into two typical situations using reduced room models. The first part of the work measured the light parameters of the room through the penetration of daylight through the ceiling from light-transmitting concrete. The second part of the work investigated the transmission of artificial light from one room to another through a non-load-bearing dividing structure composed of unified slabs of light-transmitting concrete. For the experiments, several models and samples were created for comparison. The first step of the experiment was to create slabs of light-transmitting concrete. While there are many options to produce such a slab, the best option is to use high-performance concrete with glass fibers reinforcement, which improve the load transfer properties, and plastic optical fibers for light transmission. By adding optical fibers, we can achieve the transmission of light between any two spaces. For both parts of the experiments, we used reduced scale models of rooms. Slabs with dimensions of 250x250x20 mm and 250x250x30 mm were used in three versions: concrete slabs with optical fibers, concrete slabs with air holes and solid slabs. The experiment measured and compared the level of illumination at several points in the model as it passed through each of the three different slabs. Based on the results of these experiments it was concluded that the interior level of illumination of any space can be improved by using light-transmitting concrete, especially those without access to natural light. The experiment also assessed the strength properties of the slabs in relation to their intended use and compared them with the properties of stone slabs used as cladding.
Der latente Prodigus
Authors: Schmidt Frank
Published: October 2023

Frank Schmidt widmet sich in diesem Beitrag zwei um 1530 entstandenen Gemälden des Braunschweiger Monogrammisten. Diese gehören zu den ersten Werken, die das Bordellthema im Medium der Tafelmalerei behandeln. Im Gegensatz zu früheren Verbildlichungen des Topos lassen sie vordergründig keine Nähe zur Ikonographie des verlorenen Sohnes erkennen. Stattdessen entfalten die Bilder ein komplexes Vexierspiel, das als typisch für die frühe Genremalerei gelten kann. Der Beitrag führt die ambige Anmutung der Kompositionen auf das latente Fortwirken etablierter Bildstrukturen zurück und widmet sich der Frage, inwiefern der Künstler in diesem Zusammenhang visuelle Strategien für eine Reflexion über die Möglichkeiten der Malerei nutzt.
Serum biochemical indicators in rats of different ages after replacing femoral metaphysis defects with allogeneic bone implants saturated with mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Vorontsov P. M. , Korzh M. O. , Leontieva F. S. , Tuliakov V. O.
Published: October 2023

The aim of the study: to evaluate the course of metabolic processes after replacing femoral metaphysis defects with allogeneic bone implants saturated with allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) based on the analysis of serum biochemical indicators of connective tissue metabolism in laboratory rats.
Material and methods. A critical-sized transcortical femoral defect model in the femur metaphysis of white rats was used. Blood serum concentrations of glycoproteins, total chondroitin sulfates, total protein and calcium, alkaline and acid phosphatase activity were measured.
Results. On the 28th day, in 3-month-old animals with MSC, in comparison with the data of rats without MSC, clear signs of connective tissue formation and bone resorption activity were observed, as evidenced by an increase in serum chondroitin sulfates and acid phosphatase activity. On the 90th day, this group of rats under the influence of MSCs showed signs of decreased bone tissue formation with lower serum activity of alkaline phosphatase. In 3-month-old rats with MSC, signs of the inflammatory process chronization with higher serum concentrations of glycoproteins were detected on the 90th day of the experiment in comparison with data from animals without MSC. In 12-month-old rats with MSCs, signs of bone resorption were documented on the 14th day, which were manifested by a higher serum activity of acid phosphatase with less formation of connective tissue and lower concentrations of chondroitin sulfates. On the 28th day, the effect of MSCs in 12-month-old animals was manifested in the form of a slowdown in bone formation with a decrease in alkaline phosphatase activity. On the 90th day, the connective tissue formation was activated with higher concentrations of chondroitin sulfates in these animals.
Conclusions. The studied biochemical indicators in 3-month-old animals showed greater lability. The regeneration phases were faster in 3-month-old animals as well as in animals with alloimplants without MSCs. Injections of allogeneic MSCs together with an allograft immediately after a bone damage, regardless of age, caused signs of bone formation slowing and excessive formation of connective tissue, therefore, the combination of allogeneic MSCs with an allogeneic bone implant is not advisable to use in fresh fractures.
Experimental and morphological justification of the prevention of wound complications during fixation of the mesh to the abdominal wall tissues with composite
Authors: Feleshtynskyi Ya. P. , Derkach K. D. , Diadyk O. O. , Onyshko M. V. , Shatrova K. M.
Published: October 2023

The aim of the study is to justify the prevention of wound complications during fixation of the mesh to abdominal wall tissues with cross-linked polyurethane (CP) composite in experimental animals.
Маterials and methods. An experimental study was conducted on 60 male laboratory rats, which were divided into 3 groups. In group I (n = 21), the mesh and wound edges were fixed with CP composite with an antiseptic, in group II (n = 24) – with ligatures, in group III (n = 15) muscle incision was performed and the wound was sutured with ligatures. The animals were observed for 30 days, wound healing and the presence of complications were evaluated. Morphological examination was performed on days 7 and 30. Signs of mesh germination by connective tissue and presence of tissue inflammation around the mesh were evaluated.
Results. The observation results showed that in group I, the incidence of complications and the duration of wound healing were lower comparing to groups II and III. In group I, seroma was detected in 1 (5.3 %) animal, in group II – in 7 (33.3 %), in group III – in 3 (23.1 %), infection of the wound in 1 (5.3 %) animal of group I, in 4 (19.1 %) of group II and in 2 (15.4 %) of group III. The term of wound healing in group I was 7 (6; 8) days, in group II – 13 (12; 14), in group III –11 (10; 12) days (p < 0.05). The results of observation were confirmed morphologically, namely, in animals of group I, faster process of mesh germination with collagen fibers and wound healing were revealed, which was confirmed by the predominance of a fibrous component over the cellular one (р < 0.05), and the formation of a connective tissue capsule around the CP with the germination of collagen fibers deep into the capsule.
Conclusions. The use of the cross-linked polyurethane composite with an antiseptic to fix the mesh implant to abdominal wall tissues in laboratory animals confirms its higher efficiency compared to traditional ligature fixation, by increasing the fibrous component of connective tissue and reducing the cellular component and hemodynamic disorders in dynamics, by the germination of collagen fibers deep into the capsule in the areas of mesh fixation, reduced occurrence of seroma and duration of wound healing, which justifies its use in clinical practice for prevention of wound complications in allogernioplasty.
Introduction to the special issue on “The language of science fiction”
Authors: Rüdiger Sofia , Lange Claudia
Published: October 2023

In this introduction, we provide a short rationale for the genesis of the special issue on “The language of science fiction” and introduce its main theme – science fiction, with particular consideration of the language of estrangement – and main methodological framework – corpus linguistics. In addition, we give an overview of the contributions and motivate their grouping into four parts: (1) the influence of science fiction on non-fictional language, (2) sociolinguistic variation, (3) science fiction and the mind, and (4) lexis and literature.
Der distanziert-lakonische Typus als Variante der subjektiven Wahrnehmung des schulischen Auslandsaufenthaltes
Authors: Schade Kai , Oesterhaus Charlyn-Mariella
Published: October 2023

Obwohl privat organisierte Auslandsaufenthalte mittlerweile eine etablierte Praxis schulischer Werdegänge darstellen, hat eine systematische Betrachtung der subjektiven Bedeutung dieser Auslandsaufenthalte für die Teilnehmer:innen bisher kaum Beachtung gefunden. Dieser blinde Fleck der empirischen Betrachtung überrascht, da Auslandsaufenthalte zwar mit der Unterstützung der Eltern umgesetzt, jedoch von den Teilnehmer:innen alleine durchgeführt werden. Gleichzeitig werden Auslandsaufenthalte, nicht zuletzt von den Austauschorganisationen, als selbstverständlich autonomiefördernd angesehen und beworben. Ohne das autonomiefördernde Potential in Abrede zu stellen, möchten wir in unserem Beitrag auf Ambivalenzen der autonomisierenden Ablösung hinweisen. In unseren fallrekonstruktiven Untersuchungen treffen wir den Typus einer distanziert-lakonischen subjektiven Wahrnehmung des Auslandsaufenthaltes an. Diesen Typus interpretieren wir als spezifische Bearbeitung der strukturellen Autonomieambivalenz des Auslandsaufenthaltes.
PARIS undergoes liquid–liquid phase separation and poly(ADP‐ribose)‐mediated solidification
Authors: Kang Hojin , Park Soojeong , Jo Areum , Mao Xiaobo , Kumar Manoj , Park Chi‐Hu , Ahn Jee‐Yin , Lee Yunjong , Choi Jeong‐Yun , Lee Yun‐Song , Dawson Valina L , Dawson Ted M , Kam Tae‐In , Shin Joo‐Ho
Published: October 2023

ZNF746 was identified as parkin‐interacting substrate (PARIS). Investigating its pathophysiological properties, we find that PARIS undergoes liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) and amorphous solid formation. The N‐terminal low complexity domain 1 (LCD1) of PARIS is required for LLPS, whereas the C‐terminal prion‐like domain (PrLD) drives the transition from liquid to solid phase. In addition, we observe that poly(ADP‐ribose) (PAR) strongly binds to the C‐terminus of PARIS near the PrLD, accelerating its LLPS and solidification. N‐Methyl‐N′‐nitro‐N‐nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)‐induced PAR formation leads to PARIS oligomerization in human iPSC‐derived dopaminergic neurons that is prevented by the PARP inhibitor, ABT‐888. Furthermore, SDS‐resistant PARIS species are observed in the substantia nigra (SN) of aged mice overexpressing wild‐type PARIS, but not with a PAR binding‐deficient PARIS mutant. PARIS solidification is also found in the SN of mice injected with preformed fibrils of α‐synuclein (α‐syn PFF) and adult mice with a conditional knockout (KO) of parkin, but not if α‐syn PFF is injected into mice deficient for PARP1. Herein, we demonstrate that PARIS undergoes LLPS and PAR‐mediated solidification in models of Parkinson's disease.
Survei Sarana Dan Prasarana Pendidikan Jasmani Sekolah Dasar Di Kecamatan Winong Kabupaten Pati Tahun 2021
Authors: Rahman Arif , Irsyada Roas
Published: October 2023

Arif Rahman,. 2021. Survey of Physical Education Facilities and Infrastructure Elementary School in Winong Sub-District Pati Regency. A Final Project. Physical Education, Health and Recreation, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang. Advisor: Roas Irsyada S.pd.,M.pd.

Keywords: Physical Education, survey, facilities, infrastructure.

The background of this research is based on preliminary observation indicates that there is need for data about the availability and condition of facilities and infrastructure to support physical education learning in Kedu Sub-District Elementary School, Temanggung Regency. The purpose of this research is to know the results conditions of physical education learning facilities and infrastructure at the elementary school in Kedu Sub-District Temanggung Regency.

The research method used is a survey with a quantitative descriptive approach. The research site is located in Temanggung Regency with a research target of 10 elementary schools in Winong Sub-district Pati Regency. Data collection techniques using quota sampling techniques. Instruments used using observations, interviews with Principals and Physical Education Teachers, observation sheets and documentation. Data collection includes the number of tools, the number of tools, the number of facilities, the condition of the tool, the condition of the tool and the condition of the facility. The analysis used is quantitative descriptive by classifying the types of data obtained from observation sheets and grouped.

Based on the data analysis that has been carried out in the Survey of Physical Education Facilities and Infrastructure in Public Elementary Schools in Winong District, Pati Regency, it can be concluded that the results of the study on the condition of the number of physical education learning facilities and infrastructure in Public and Private Elementary Schools in Winong District, Pati Regency from 10 It is known that all elementary schools are in the Enough category (100%). Then the condition of the number of Physical Education learning tools in the State Elementary School, Winong District, Pati Regency, out of 10 elementary schools it is known that there are 2 schools in the good category (20%), there are 8 elementary schools that fall into the sufficient category (80%) and 0 schools are in the good category. less ( 0% ).

This research concludes that the facilities and infrastructures in elementary school in Winong sub-district Pati Regency are in medium category. The suggestion given by researchers is for the Pati Regency government to more attention to the facilities and infrastructure available at the elementary school in Winong sub-district and physical education teachers can support and modify the facilities and infrastructure available at the school especially in Public and Private Elementary Schools in the Winong District, Pati Regency.
Reproduction in life and death: should cancer patients with a poor prognosis be offered fertility preservation interventions?
Authors: Jones Georgina L , Folan Anne-Mairead , Phillips Bob , Anderson Richard A , Ives Jonathan
Published: October 2023

In the context of a cancer diagnosis, fertility preservation interventions are used to mitigate the potential impact of gonadotoxic cancer treatment upon fertility. They provide patients with cancer the option to freeze their reproductive material to have their own biological child following treatment. The evidence suggests some clinicians are less likely to have fertility preservation discussions with patients who have an aggressive or metastatic cancer which has a poor prognosis. Although this is contrary to current policy recommendations, there is a lack of guidance relating to offering fertility preservation in the context of a poor prognosis to support clinicians. Controversy surrounds posthumous reproduction, and whether the wishes of the cancer patient, when living and deceased should take precedence over others’ well-being. We consider the question of whether cancer patients with a poor prognosis should be offered fertility preservation from an ethics perspective. We structure the paper around key arguments to which multiple ethical principles might pertain, first establishing a central argument in favour of offering fertility preservation based on respect for autonomy, before exploring counterarguments. We conclude by proposing that a defeasible assumption should be adopted in favour of offering fertility preservation to all cancer patients who might benefit from it. It is important to recognise that patients could benefit from fertility preservation in many ways, and these are not limited to having a parenting experience. The burden of proof rests on the clinician in collaboration with their multidisciplinary team, to show that there are good grounds for withholding the offer.

Lay summary

When a person is diagnosed with cancer, they may wish to consider undergoing fertility preservation procedures. These procedures give patients a chance to have their own biological child after completing cancer treatment. However, research suggests that cancer patients who have a poor prognosis are less likely to be offered fertility preservation treatment. In this paper, we consider the ethical implications of offering (or not) fertility preservation to this patient group, including using their sperm or eggs to reproduce after their death. We conclude that fertility preservation treatments should be offered to all cancer patients who might benefit from it, and we outline the many ways that benefit from this treatment can be gained. The decision to withhold the offer of fertility preservation treatment should be made between the patient’s clinician and their wider care team. They must be able to provide good reasons to explain why it was withheld.
Process automatisation of Xcode new target creation
Authors:   NTUU ", Zhurba M.A. ,   KPI", Stetsenko I.V. ,   NTUU "KPI"
Published: October 2023

We live in the era of the Internet and technology. Now it is important for a person to be able to do their routine, uninteresting things quickly, and to be able to focus on more professional things. Everyone wants to minimize the time spent searching for information and have all services in one place. Due to these desires, significant progress is being made in the development of mobile applications. A number of factors also contribute to this. First, the development of the hardware of pocket-sized devices reaches a level sufficient for complex computing tasks. Secondly, the speed of Internet communication has increased. Third, almost everyone in the world now has a smartphone, so it is much more profitable for businesses to develop mobile applications to reach a wider audience. The development of applications for mobile devices is becoming more and more popular, but at the same time more expensive. In some cases, a business needs to have a number of similar applications for one reason or another. There are several approaches to code reuse in the context of iOS development. One is to use a common codebase and separate Xcode targets for each product. The process of creating a new target requires a number of routine operations, which require the programmer’s time, and writing code is potentially error-prone. This research proposes to improve this approach by using scripts to generate a project file based on given configurations. A console script for generating a project file and a project to illustrate the approach have been developed.
A GPU-based singular value decomposition algorithm
Authors:   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine, Sukharskyi S.S.
Published: October 2023

In this research paper we present an implementation of a singular value decomposition algorithm designed specifically for the graphics processing unit. It consists of two parts: orthogonal matrix decomposition and matrix diagonalization. Presented an implementation of bidiagonalization algorithm where we calculate the main bidiagonal matrix and two orthogonal multipliers using a series of House- holder transformations, as well as diagonalization algorithm with the help of Givens rotation matrices. Bothe these parts are implemented in jCUDA environment. Experiments have been conducted, the results of which have been thoroughly investigated on the matter of time consumption and calculations error. We’ve also compared our implementation with alternatives both on central and graphic processors.
Bounding Paganism
Authors: Taylor Bron
Published: October 2023

Paganism is a construction that religionists and scholars alike define according to their understandings and purposes. Herein I seek to explode common understandings of Paganism, which assume it always involves beliefs and practices about putatively divine natural entities, beings, or forces, and to consider such phenomena more broadly, as a sensory and affective sensibility – and a perception that is often entirely naturalistic (e.g., scientific and agnostic if not avowedly atheistic) – about the proper place of humans in, and obligations to, nature. When understood in this way one can discern that a host of cultural creatives, including those orchestrating pageants and ritual-resembling ceremonies, artists of all sorts, curators of science museums, and even some developers of theme parks, have affinity with Pagan worldviews and values. By expanding the boundary of what many confine as Paganism it becomes possible to consider whether Paganism is more widespread, and growing more rapidly, than many perceive.
Włączenie Krakowa do Austrii w 1846 r. w świetle wybranych tytułów prasy austriackiej i niemieckiej
Authors:   Instytut Historii UJ, Kargol Tomasz
Published: October 2023

The incorporation of Krakow into Austria in 1846 in the light of selected titles of the Austrian and German press. This paper presents the content of Austrian and German newspapers published in 1846 in relation with Austria’s annexation of the Free City of Krakow. These newspapers described the process of annexation and the subsequent internal situation in Krakow. They published official documents such as the Austrian emperor Ferdinand’s manifest and the Austrian marshal Castiglione’s proclamation about the dissolution of the Free City of Krakow. Information is also provided about the attitude of the residents of Krakow and the city’s history. The press speculated about the future of Krakow in the Habsburg monarchy.