bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kebudayaan Indonesia di Era Globalisasi Terhadap Identitas Nasional Indonesia
Authors: Aprianti Muthia , Dewi Dinie Anggraeni , Furnamasari Yayang Furi
Published: May 2023

Kebudayaan merupakan identitas Nasional suatu bangsa. Identitas Nasional bangsa dapat dikatakan sebagai keunikan, karakteristik, atau kecirikhasan, agar suatu bangsa tersebut dapat dibedakan dengan bangsa lainnya.. Akan tetapi kehadiran teknologi informasi dan teknologi komunikasi mempercepat proses globalisasi ini. Sehingga menimbulkan berbagai masalah dalam bidang kebudayaan, misalnya hilangnya budaya asli suatu daerah, terjadinya erosi nilai-nilai budaya, menurunnya rasa nasionalisme dan patriotisme, hilangnya sifat kekeluargaan dan gotong royong, dan gaya hidup yang tidak sesuai dengan kultur Indonesia. . Banyaknya budaya asing yang masuk dan memengaruhi di Indonesia karena longgarnya sistem pemerintahan dan melejitnya media komunikasi dan informasi terutama internet dan media sosial. Sehingga dengan masuknya budaya asing di era globalisasi ini sering kali membuat masyarakat merasa bahwa budaya tersebut lebih baik dari pada budaya bangsanya sendiri, bahkan kebudayaan asing justru dapat mematikan karya seni budaya bangsa sendiri. Sehigga hilangnya identitas Indonesia secara perlahan mulai terkikis oleh kebudayaan asing.
Implementasi Manajemen Strategi Pendidikan di UPT SDN 066657 Kecamatan Medan Labuhan
Authors: Miranda Nisa , Khairunnisa Bunga , Zacky Bangun Muhammad , Nahrowi Muhammad Fikri
Published: May 2023

Manajemen strategi pendidikan merupakan suatu implementasi dari perencanaan, pemantauan, analisis serta evaluasi yang dimuat secara lanjut melalui beberapa aspek kewajiban yang dibutuhkan dari organisasi guna untuk dapat mencapai suatu tujuan yang sudah direncanakan. Manajemen strategis pendidikan disini berfokus pada proses dalam organisasi ataupun lembaga sekolah, yang mana dapat melakukan perkembangan dalam suatu kebijakan tertentu yang berguna untuk mencapai tujuan bersama yang sebagaimana direncanakan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk dapat mengetahui bagaimana implementasi Manajemen Strategi Pendidikan di Sekolah Dasar Negeri 066657 Kec. Medan Labuhan. Metode penelitian yang penulis gunakan dalam kajian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Subjek yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini adalah Kepala Sekolah, Tenaga Tata Usaha, dan 3 orang guru. Objek dalam observasi adalah implementasi manajemen strategi pendidikan. Teknik dalam pengumpulan data adalah obervasi langsung, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini penulis menemukan beberapa kebijakan sekolah yang terkait dengan manajemen  peserta didik, manajemen kurikulum, manajemen personal, manajemen sarana prasarana, dan manajemen anggaran.
Database Management Education in MYSQL
Authors: Wahyudi Jodi , Asbari Masduki , Sasono Ipang , Pramono Tias , Novitasari Dewiana
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this research is to find out what is database management in MySQL or read My Sequel is a Database Management System often abbreviated as DBMS, MySQL is an open-source database management system. MySQL can be used to create and manage databases and their contents, from the smallest to the very large and to convey information to its users. MySQL is also included in the RDBMS or Relational Database Management system, where in its database structure so that when the data retrieval process uses the relational database method and becomes a liaison between the software and the database server. The thing to remember is that MySQL can be used for free.
Features of Influence of Glycated Hemoglobin on Astana Children Passing Diabetes
Authors: Kaparova R. , Alymbaev E.
Published: May 2023

In this article were described the results of glycated hemoglobin, the average glycemia, rate of diabetic ketoacidosis and massive hypoglycemia during the reign of using aspart in an insulin pomp therapy in 43 children and adolescents with 1 type diabetes throughout the period between 2014 and 2016. Similar causes can be noticed in non-randomized research, that had shown the improvements of metabolic control of disease: the decreasing of glycated hemoglobin and reducing the variability of melitemia in cases of using pomp insulin therapy.
Etiology, Treatment and Prevention Thromboembolic Diseases
Authors: Satkeeva A.
Published: May 2023

The relevance of solving the issues of prevention and treatment of thromboembolic diseases is characterized not only by high mortality, but also by the lack of reliable methods for the early diagnosis of DVT and PATE. The problems of early diagnosis are associated with the polymorphism of clinical manifestations and the frequent asymptomatic course of the disease. In most cases, this is due to the non-specificity of the clinical manifestations of PE. The purpose of the article is to analyze the etiology, methods of treatment and prevention of thromboembolic diseases in surgical departments and non-surgical patients. The methodological basis of the research is a complex application of complementary approaches. The main approaches in this case were a retrospective statistical analysis of case histories with thromboembolic diseases. The article considers the results of foreign clinics, the National Surgical Center. MM. Mamakeev and clinics of the Department of Propaedeutic Surgery of the Kyrgyz State Medical Academy named after I.K. Akhunbaev. The article outlines the factors of occurrence, development of deep vein thrombosis and thromboembolic complications in surgical and non-surgical patients, as well as the use of fast-acting anticoagulating and thrombolytic agents. Particular emphasis in the article is given to the underestimation of individual predisposing genetically determined and acquired risk factors for the occurrence and development of DVT and PATE.
Features of Prevention of Thromboembolic Complications in Intensive Care
Authors: Satkeeva A.
Published: May 2023

Venous thromboembolism is characterized by high mortality and lack of methods for early diagnosis of PATE. In most cases, PATE is not detected in vivo and is an often-unrecognized cause of death in patients. The problems of early diagnosis are associated with the polymorphism of clinical manifestations and the frequent asymptomatic course of the disease. The aim of the article is to analyze the etiology, methods of treatment and prevention of thromboembolic diseases in intensive care units, to identify the features of intensive care in the perioperative period, as well as to analyze approaches to the hospital treatment of pulmonary embolism. The article outlines the features of emergency medical care for thromboembolism, intensive care in obstetrics in the prevention of thromboembolic complications, as well as features of intensive care for cancer patients. Material and research methods. The work is based on the results of examination, treatment and study of case histories with thromboembolic diseases of the National Surgical Center. MM. Mamakeev and clinics of the Department of Propaedeutic Surgery of the Kyrgyz State Medical Academy named after I.K. Akhunbaev.
Evaluation of the Efficiency of Surgical Methods for the Treatment of Pelvic Organ Prolapse
Authors: Yakupova G. , Turdieva A.
Published: May 2023

Genital prolapse is a serious problem affecting patients of all ages. According to a number of domestic authors, pelvic organ prolapse occurs in 28-40% of cases in the structure of gynecological diseases, foreign sources give a frequency of 31-50%. Given the fact that the increase in the number of postmenopausal women does not tend to decrease in all countries of the world, the problem of prolapse and prolapse of the genital organs becomes more urgent every year.
Molecular Basis of Galactosemia
Authors: Gajiyeva N.
Published: May 2023

The presented article discusses the results of the genetic screening of galactosemia for the disease of genetic metabolism. The structure of primers used in molecular diagnostics of the GALT gene is shown. The newborn has pathogenic mutations. GALTc.563 A>G (p.Gln 188 Arg). The A>G substitution occurred at nucleotide 563 of exon 6 of the GALT gene. The results of enzymatic testing in leukocyte preparations were analyzed. The results of molecular genetic analysis of the GALT gene showed that the disease of galactosemia in the population of the country is extremely rare.
The Glocal Practice of Anthropomorphism: Storying Chinese Wild Animals for Young Readers
Authors: You Chengcheng
Published: May 2023

This article examines the generic dilemma in the representation of realistic wild animals in Shixi Shen’s Jackal and Wolf (2012) and Gerelchimeg Blackcrane’s Black Flame (2013), whereby the glocal features of anthropomorphism are found pertaining to the narrative artistry. Drawn from anthropomorphism studies, literary animal studies, and Chinese cultural tradition, it is argued that Shen’s mode of narration subscribes to the generic hybridity as a strategy of moral education to attract juvenile readers, whereas Blackcrane’s story enacts anthropomorphism critically towards the environmental ethics of witnessing. Conjoining the poetics of wild animal stories across cultures, this study further proposes the ethical capacity of anthropomorphism in storying wild animals in the Anthropocene.
Incremental Advances to Address Challenges in Long-Term Strategic Energy Planning in LMICs
Authors: Cannone Carla , Hoseinpoori Pooya , Martindale Leigh , Tennyson Elizabeth M. , Gardumi Francesco , Somavilla Croxatto Lucas , Pye Steve , Mulugetta Yacob , Vrochidis Ioannis , Krishnamurthy Satheesh , Niet Taco , Harrison John , Yeganyan Rudolf , Mutembei Martin , Hawkes Adam , Allen Lara , Blyth Will , Howells Mark
Published: May 2023

The climate crisis requires developing countries to urgently decarbonize energy systems and mobilize finance while balancing competing priorities such as economic growth, energy security, environmental sustainability, and social development. However, many developing countries face challenges in developing long-term energy planning strategies, including limited capacity and reliance on external consultants. To address these issues, 21 international organizations and research institutions have developed five strategic principles for energy planning: national ownership, coherence and inclusivity, human capacity development, analysis robustness, and transparency and accessibility of data and tools. This paper discusses joint efforts to promote and apply these principles using science-based evidence and analytical modelling tools, such as the Open Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS) and the power system IRENA FlexTool. These tools are part of a suite of emerging modelling tools to support climate-compatible development policies and have been included in accessible teaching material, online courses, summer schools, and capacity development programs.
Nanoscale borosilicate bioactive glass for regenerative therapy of full-thickness skin defects in rabbit animal model
Authors: Elshazly Noha , Saad Manal M. , El Backly Rania M. , Hamdy Ayat , Patruno Marco , Nouh Samir , Saha Suman , Chakraborty Jui , Marei Mona K.
Published: May 2023

Bioactive glass (BG) occupies a significant position in the field of hard and soft tissue regeneration. Different processing techniques and formulas have been introduced to expand their regenerative, angiogenic, and antibacterial properties. In the present study, a new formula of bborosilicate bioactive glass nanofibers was prepared and tested for its wound-healing efficacy in a rabbit animal model. The glass formula ((1–2) mol% of B2O3 (68–69) mol% of SiO2, and (29–30) mol% of CaO) was prepared primarily by the sol-gel technique followed by the electrospinning technique. The material was characterized for its ultrastructure using scanning electron microscopy, chemical composition using FTIR, and its dynamic in vitro biodegradability using ICP-AES. Twelve rabbits were subjected to surgical induction of full-thickness skin defects using a 1 cm2 custom-made stainlessteel skin punch. The bioactive glass nanofibers were used as a grafting material in 6 experimental rabbits, while the defects in the remaining rabbits were considered as the negative control samples. All defects were assessed clinically for the decrease in wound size and clinical signs of healing and histologically for angiogenesis, collagen density, inflammatory response, cell recruitment, epithelial lining, and appendages at 1,2 and 3 weeks following the intervention. Structural analysis of the glass fibers confirmed their nano-size which ranged from 150 to 700 nm. Moreover, the chemical analysis confirmed the presence of SiO2 and B2O3 groups within the structure of the nanofibers. Additionally, dynamic biodegradation analysis confirmed the rapid degradation of the material starting from the first 24 h and rapid leaching of calcium, silicon, and boron ions confirming its bioactivity. The wound healing study of the nanofibrous scaffold confirmed its ability to accelerate wound healing and the closure rate in healthy rabbits. Histological analysis of the defects confirmed the angiogenic, regenerative and antibacterial ability of the material throughout the study period. The results unveil the powerful therapeutic properties of the formed nanofibers and open a new gate for more experimental and clinical applications.
Modeling of active skeletal muscles: a 3D continuum approach incorporating multiple muscle interactions
Authors: Zeng Wei , Hume Donald R. , Lu Yongtao , Fitzpatrick Clare K. , Babcock Colton , Myers Casey A. , Rullkoetter Paul J. , Shelburne Kevin B.
Published: May 2023

Skeletal muscles have a highly organized hierarchical structure, whose main function is to generate forces for movement and stability. To understand the complex heterogeneous behaviors of muscles, computational modeling has advanced as a non-invasive approach to evaluate relevant mechanical quantities. Aiming to improve musculoskeletal predictions, this paper presents a framework for modeling 3D deformable muscles that includes continuum constitutive representation, parametric determination, model validation, fiber distribution estimation, and integration of multiple muscles into a system level for joint motion simulation. The passive and active muscle properties were modeled based on the strain energy approach with Hill-type hyperelastic constitutive laws. A parametric study was conducted to validate the model using experimental datasets of passive and active rabbit leg muscles. The active muscle model with calibrated material parameters was then implemented to simulate knee bending during a squat with multiple quadriceps muscles. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) fiber simulation approach was utilized to estimate the fiber arrangements for each muscle, and a cohesive contact approach was applied to simulate the interactions among muscles. The single muscle simulation results showed that both passive and active muscle elongation responses matched the range of the testing data. The dynamic simulation of knee flexion and extension showed the predictive capability of the model for estimating the active quadriceps responses, which indicates that the presented modeling pipeline is effective and stable for simulating multiple muscle configurations. This work provided an effective framework of a 3D continuum muscle model for complex muscle behavior simulation, which will facilitate additional computational and experimental studies of skeletal muscle mechanics. This study will offer valuable insight into the future development of multiscale neuromuscular models and applications of these models to a wide variety of relevant areas such as biomechanics and clinical research.
Regeneration of T cells from human-induced pluripotent stem cells for CAR-T cell medicated immunotherapy
Authors: Chen Yanyan , Huang Pufeng , Niu Mengda , Tian Chuanhuizi , Zhang Tingting , Peng Zhiping
Published: May 2023

Background: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell treatment involves in vitro production of T cells from patient blood with synthetic receptors specific to a cancer antigen. They circumvent the major histocompatibility complex to recognize the tumor antigen, reducing hematologic malignancy remission rates by 80%. Considering the efficacy of CAR-T treatment, the present work aimed at generating functional clusters of differentiation (CD)8 + T cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) and to generate hiPS-CAR-T cells with high antigen-specific cytotoxicity.

Methods: The Alkaline phosphatase assay and MycoEasy rapid mycoplasma detection kit was implemented for detection of hiPSCs and mycoplasma, respectively. The CD34+ HSPCs were harvested in AggreWellTM 400 using a 37-micron reversible strainer. Likewise, the lymphoid progenitor and CD4+CD8+ DP T cells were also harvested. The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to mark cytotoxicity and ELISA was used to detect IFN-γ secretion. Further, flow cytometry and transwell chambers were used to assess cell cycle, and migration and invasion. Finally, the in vivo antitumor effects of the CAR-T cells were evaluated using experimental animals (mice).

Results: Results revealed that a serum-free, feeder layer-free differentiation system significantly yielded hiPSC-based T cell immunotherapy with interleukin-2, interleukin-15, and activators at the differentiation stage to promote the maturation of these cells into human induced pluripotent stem (hiPS)-T cells. The infection of hiPSCs with the CD19 CAR lentivirus resulted in the production of the hiPSC-CAR-T cells. We validated the function of hiPS-CAR-T cells in vivo and in vitro experimentation which revealed no significant differences in cell morphology and function between hiPSC-derived hiPS-CAR-T cells and peripheral blood-derived CAR-T cells.

Conclusion: This study developed a culture method that is efficient and clinically useful to make functional CD8+ T cells from hiPSC and to get hiPS-CAR-T cells with high antigen-specific cytotoxicity that are not very different from CAR T cells found in peripheral blood. As a result, our findings may open the way for the clinical use of hiPSC to create functional CD8+ T and hiPS-CAR-T cells cells for use in cell-based cancer therapy.
Bioprocess optimization for lactic and succinic acid production from a pulp and paper industry side stream
Authors: Olszewska-Widdrat Agata , Xiros Charilaos , Wallenius Anders , Schneider Roland , Rios da Costa Pereira Laís Portugal , Venus Joachim
Published: May 2023

The effective and cheap production of platform chemicals is a crucial step towards the transition to a bio-based economy. In this work, biotechnological methods using sustainable, cheap, and readily available raw materials bring bio-economy and industrial microbiology together: Microbial production of two platform chemicals is demonstrated [lactic (LA) and succinic acid (SA)] from a non-expensive side stream of pulp and paper industry (fibre sludge) proposing a sustainable way to valorize it towards economically important monomers for bioplastics formation. This work showed a promising new route for their microbial production which can pave the way for new market expectations within the circular economy principles. Fibre sludge was enzymatically hydrolysed for 72 h to generate a glucose rich hydrolysate (100 g·L−1 glucose content) to serve as fermentation medium for Bacillus coagulans A 541, A162 strains and Actinobacillus succinogenis B1, as well as Basfia succiniciproducens B2. All microorganisms were investigated in batch fermentations, showing the ability to produce either lactic or succinic acid, respectively. The highest yield and productivities for lactic production were 0.99 g·g−1 and 3.75 g·L−1·h−1 whereas the succinic acid production stabilized at 0.77 g·g−1 and 1.16 g·L−1·h−1.
Biomechanical performance of the Bicaval Transcatheter System for the treatment of severe tricuspid regurgitation
Authors: Crascì Fabrizio , Cannata Stefano , Gentile Giovanni , Gandolfo Caterina , Pasta Salvatore
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a relatively common valvular disease, which can result from structural abnormalities of any anatomic part of the tricuspid valve. Severe TR is linked to congestive heart failure and hemodynamic impairment, resulting in high mortality when repaired by elective surgery. This study was undertaken to quantify the structural and hemodynamic performance of the novel Transcatheter Bicaval Valves System (TricValve) percutaneously implanted in the superior vena cava (SVC) and inferior vena cava (IVC) of two patients with severe TR and venous congestion.

Methods: After developing the SVC and IVC device models, the contact pressure exerted on the vena cava wall was obtained by computational analysis. Both smoothed-particle hydrodynamics (SPH) and computational fluid dynamics were carried out to quantify caval reflux in the right atrium and the pressure field of pre- and post-TricValve scenarios, respectively.

Results: Analysis of contact pressure highlighted the main anchoring area of the SVC device occurring near the SVC device belly, while the IVC device exerted pronounced forces in the device’s proximal and distal parts. SPH-related flow velocities revealed the absence of caval reflux, and a decrease in time-averaged pressure was observed near the SVC and IVC after TricValve implantation.

Discussion: Findings demonstrated the potential of computational tools for enhancing our understanding of the biomechanical performance of structural tricuspid valve interventions and improving the way we design next-generation transcatheter therapies to treat the tricuspid valve with heterotopic caval valve implantation.
Injectable hydrogel loaded with bilayer microspheres to inhibit angiogenesis and promote cartilage regeneration for repairing growth plate injury
Authors: Qiang Lei , Fan Minjie , Wang Yiwei , Liu Yihao , Zhuang Hanjie , Guo Ruoyi , Huang Hao , Ben Yulong , Wang Dalin , Wu Xiaoling , Wang Jinwu , Weng Jie , Zheng Pengfei
Published: May 2023

Introduction: The repair and regeneration of growth plate injuries using tissue engineering techniques remains a challenge due to large bone bridge formation and low chondrogenic efficiency.

Methods: In this study, a bilayer drug-loaded microspheres was developed that contains the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor, Bevacizumab, on the outer layer and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), a cartilage repair factor, on the inner layer. The microspheres were then combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in the gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel to create a composite hydrogel with good injectability and biocompatibility.

Results: The in vitro drug-release profile of bilayer microspheres showed a sequential release, with Bevacizumab released first followed by IGF-1. And this hydrogel simultaneously inhibited angiogenesis and promoted cartilage regeneration. Finally, in vivo studies indicated that the composite hydrogel reduced bone bridge formation and improved cartilage regeneration in the rabbit model of proximal tibial growth plate injury.

Conclusion: This bilayer microsphere-based composite hydrogel with sequential controlled release of Bevacizumab and IGF-1 has promising potential for growth plate injury repair.
A simple analytical model for bamboo-reinforced slopes using modified Bishop method
Authors: Chakrabortty Pradipta , Srivastava Lokesh Sharan , Kumar Pintu
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Embankments are constructed in many places for transportation purposes such as railways and roads. The stability of slopes in embankments has always been a concern, especially in cohesionless soils. There are many methods to increase the safety factor of cohesionless soil slopes using geogrids, geocells, concrete piles, and so on. The conventional material used to stabilize slopes has a huge impact on the environment. Nowadays, researchers are using natural fibers such as bamboo and coir fiber for stabilization purposes.

Methods: In this paper, bamboo piles are used to stabilize slopes. The bamboo piles are inserted vertically on the slope face to increase the shear strength and stability against slope failure. A limit equilibrium method has been developed to estimate the stability of a slope improved by friction piles after modifying the Bishop method of slices. The stability of the slope is analyzed for both the reinforced conditions and the unreinforced conditions using the developed analytical formula.

Results and Discussion: The analytical equations were developed by considering three modes of slope failure: shear failure of the bamboo piles along the failure surface, movement of the upper part of the soil, leaving the bamboo pile embedded in the base soil, and pulling out of the bamboo along with the upper part of the soil mass. Further validation of the results is carried out with the limit equilibrium method-based software SLOPE/W using a modified Bishop method. The factor of safety increased after reinforcing the slope with bamboo piles for all three modes.
Seminal cadmium affects human sperm motility through stable binding to the cell membrane
Authors: Pappalardo Claudia , Cosci Ilaria , Moro Giulia , Stortini Angela Maria , Sandon Annalisa , De Angelis Cristina , Galdiero Giacomo , Trifuoggi Marco , Pivonello Rosario , Pedrucci Federica , Di Nisio Andrea , Foresta Carlo , Ferlin Alberto , De Toni Luca
Published: May 2023

Environmental pollutants are claimed to be major factors involved in the progressive decline of the fertility rate worldwide. Exposure to the heavy metal Cadmium (Cd) has been associated with reproductive toxicity due to its ionic mimicry. However, the possible direct accumulation of Cd in human sperm cells has been poorly investigated. In this study, we aimed to clarify the possible direct effect of Cd exposure on sperm function through the analysis of its cell accumulation. Semen samples from 30 male subjects residing in high environmental impact areas and adhering to the “Exposoma e Plurifocalità nella Prevenzione Oncologica” campaign for testis cancer prevention were compared with semen samples from 15 males residing in low exposure areas. Semen levels and cell Cd content were quantified by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) spectroscopy. Cell Cd distribution was assessed by scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The impact of Cd on sperm function was evaluated by the in vitro exposure to the heavy metal, whilst possible scavenging approaches/agents were assessed. In addition to higher values of semen Cd, exposed subjects showed a reduction in total motile sperm fraction compared to not-exposed controls (59.6% ± 13.6% vs. 66.3% ± 7.3%, p = 0.037). Semen Cd levels were also significantly correlated with SEM-EDS signals of Cd detected on the head and neck of sperm (respectively p = 0.738, p < 0.001 and ρ = 0.465, p < 0.001). A total of 2 h of in vitro exposure to 0.5 μM Cd was associated with a significant reduction of sperm progressive motility. Scavenging approaches with either hypo-osmotic swelling or 10 μM reduced glutathione were ineffective in blunting cell Cd and restoring motility. The reduction of exposure levels appears to be the main approach to reducing the reproductive issues associated with Cd.
Perspective on pH adjustment in hydrometallurgical recycling of valuable metals from waste
Authors: Suiyi Zhu , Jian Wang , Yuhong Huang , Ying Wang , Yuxin Zhang , Jiabao Qin , Jiancong Liu , Jinlu Yao , Meichun Ji
Published: May 2023

pH adjustment was considered a simple step in the hydrometallurgy process, but its complicated operation was ignored in the past. In some industrial applications, the leachate pH was slowly adjusted by a diluted alkaline solution, with the defects of doubling the leachate volume and causing droplet hydrolysis/coagulation. Up to date, promising routes have been developed for rapid pH adjustment, especially in sealed high-temperature/pressure vessels. New routes emerged in some redox/decomposition reactions of nitrate/urea and organics. Such reactions did not start and/or were slow at room temperature but started spontaneously at high temperatures to generate/consume free H+. This induced pH adjustment in a rapid and homogeneous way.
Determinants for scalable adoption of autonomous AI in the detection of diabetic eye disease in diverse practice types: key best practices learned through collection of real-world data
Authors: Goldstein Juli , Weitzman Dena , Lemerond Meghan , Jones Andrew
Published: May 2023

Autonomous Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to reduce disparities, improve quality of care, and reduce cost by improving access to specialty diagnoses at the point-of-care. Diabetes and related complications represent a significant source of health disparities. Vision loss is a complication of diabetes, and there is extensive evidence supporting annual eye exams for prevention. Prior to the use of autonomous AI, store-and-forward imaging approaches using remote reading centers (asynchronous telemedicine) attempted to increase diabetes related eye exams with limited success. In 2018, after rigorous clinical validation, the first fully autonomous AI system [LumineticsCore™ (formerly IDx-DR), Digital Diagnostics Inc., Coralville, IA, United States] received U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) De Novo authorization. The system diagnoses diabetic retinopathy (including macular edema) without specialist physician overread at the point-of-care. In addition to regulatory clearance, reimbursement, and quality measure updates, successful adoption requires local optimization of the clinical workflow. The general challenges of frontline care clinical workflow have been well documented in the literature. Because healthcare AI is so new, there remains a gap in the literature about challenges and opportunities to embed diagnostic AI into the clinical workflow. The goal of this review is to identify common workflow themes leading to successful adoption, measured as attainment number of exams per month using the autonomous AI system against targets set for each health center. We characterized the workflow in four different US health centers over a 12-month period. Health centers were geographically dispersed across the Midwest, Southwest, Northeast, and West Coast and varied distinctly in terms of size, staffing, resources, financing and demographics of patient populations. After 1 year, the aggregated number of diabetes-related exams per month increased from 89 after the first month of initial deployment to 174 across all sites. Across the diverse practice types, three primary determinants underscored sustainable adoption: (1) Inclusion of Executive and Clinical Champions; (2) Underlining Health Center Resources; and (3) Clinical workflows that contemplate patient identification (pre-visit), LumineticsCore Exam Capture and Provider Consult (patient visit), and Timely Referral Triage (post-visit). In addition to regulatory clearance, reimbursement and quality measures, our review shows that addressing the core determinants for workflow optimization is an essential part of large-scale adoption of innovation. These best practices can be generalizable to other autonomous AI systems in front-line care settings, thereby increasing patient access, improving quality of care, and addressing health disparities.
Analysis of flood control risk in floodwater utilization considering the uncertainty of flood volume and peak
Authors: Du Huihua , Wang Zongzhi , Yin Jun
Published: May 2023

Introduction: A design flood is a hypothetical flood used for the design of reservoirs and other hydrologic engineering infrastructures. Among many hydrological properties of a design flood, flood volume and peak can significantly affect the safety of reservoir operation. However, the uncertainty of flood volume and peak has rarely been considered in the risk analysis of reservoir operation regarding floodwater utilization.

Methods: In this paper, a general risk analysis framework that integrates the Monte Carlo sampling method and the most likely event selection method is proposed to calculate the risk of operating a single reservoir. By generating a large amount of stochastic bivariate flood data, the most likely design values were selected for a given return period. The probability of the maximum water level exceeding the current design flood level was calculated based on the simulation of flood control operation under various floodwater utilization schemes.

Results: The model is applied to the Shagou reservoir in the Shuhe River basin, China. The results show that the design flood volume and flood peak obtained by the bivariate joint return are 7.59% and 8.22% higher than those from univariate frequency analysis, respectively; the joint return period of bivariate design value spans from 10a to 1000a compared to the historical data; and the flood control risk at Shagou reservoir is 0.29 under current flood control operations based on the uncertainty of flood volume and peak.

Discussion: Moreover, the marginal benefit may contain floodwater utilization and a transmission risk effect between different node projects in the flood control system.
Distribution pattern of natural fractures in lacustrine shales: a case study of the Fengcheng formation in the Mahu Sag of the Junggar Basin, China
Authors: Liu Guoyong , Jin Zhijun , Yang Sen , Zeng Lianbo , He Wenjun , Du Xiaoyu , Lu Guoqing , Liu Guoping
Published: May 2023

The Lower Permian Fengcheng Formation in the Mahu Sag develops a set of organic-rich alkaline lacustrine shale strata, which is a key area for shale oil exploration and development. As an important storage space and seepage channel for shale reservoirs, natural fractures have an impact on shale oil enrichment, production and development effect. In this study, the types and characteristics of natural fractures were first analyzed using core, thin section and imaging logging data. On this basis, combined with the distribution of fractures in single wells, the vertical distribution law of fractures is discussed. Finally, the planar distribution of fractures is evaluated using different seismic attributes such as coherence, curvature, likelihood, and AVAz. The results showed that three types of fractures are existed, including transformational shear fractures, intraformational open fractures and bed-parallel shear fractures, with intraformational open fractures being the most developed. The development degree of fractures in different layers has obvious differences, mainly controlled by lithology and brittle mineral content. The basalt and tuff are developed in the Feng 1 Member, with low carbonate mineral content, resulting in a relatively low degree of fracture development. The dolomite and argillaceous dolomite are developed in the Feng 2 Member and the Feng 3 Member, with high carbonate mineral content and brittleness, resulting in a high degree of fracture development. Additionally, the closer to the fault, the higher the degree of fracture development. On the plane, the fracture zone develops near the main and secondary faults, with the trend mainly oriented in the E-W direction and approximately parallel to the direction of the faults. The width of the fracture zone is largest in the central and southern part of the study area. These fractures are fault-related and are caused by regional stress fields resulting from the activity of the main-secondary faults.
Systematic evaluation of combined herbal adjuvant therapy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Huai Baogeng , Huai Baosha , Su Zhenghua , Song Min , Li Changling , Cao Yingjuan , Xin Tao , Liu Deshan
Published: May 2023

Objective

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of combined traditional Chinese medicine in the adjuvant treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) by Meta-analysis.

Methods

PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang databases were searched by computer. Random controlled clinical trials (RCTS) using traditional Chinese medicine as adjuvant therapy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy were screened, and Stata16.0 software was used to perform meta-analysis on the final included literatures.

Results

A total of 18 studies involving 1392 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that the clinical effective rate OR=2.99 (CI: 2.18-4.10, I2 = 42.7%, P<0.05); Visual acuity MD=0.10(CI: 0.06-0.13, I2 = 0%, P<0.05); Fundus efficacy OR=5.47 (CI: 1.33-22.51, I2 = 71.4%, P<0.05); Neovascularisation regression rate OR=8 (CI: 3.83-16.71, I2 = 30.1%, P<0.05); Macular foveal thickness MD=-44.24 (CI: -84.55–3.93, I2 = 95.6%, P<0.05); Absorption of vitreous hemorrhage OR=4.7 (CI: 2.26-9.77, I2 = 0%, P<0.05); Fasting blood glucose MD=-0.23, (CI: -0.38–0.07, I2 = 0%, P<0.05); 2h postprandial blood glucose MD=-0.19 (CI: -0.52-0.14, I2 = 0%, P=0.25). From the results, the combined Chinese medicine adjuvant therapy showed better efficacy than the control group. A total of 69 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine were involved in 18 studies, among which the top four applied frequencies were Panax notoginseng, Rehmannia rehmannii, Astragalus membranaceus and Poria cocos. Most of the medicines were sweet and bitter in taste, the qi tended to be slight cold and cold, and the meridian tropism belongs to the liver meridian.

Conclusion

The combination of traditional Chinese medicine adjuvant therapy has a good curative effect on PDR patients. However, the relevant clinical trials are few and more high-quality clinical trials are still needed, what’s more the attention should be paid to the exploration of its safety.
Depressive and anxiety symptoms, and neural correlates of reward and punishment anticipation in female athletes with amenorrhea
Authors: Baskaran Charumathi , Kumar Poornima , Plessow Franziska , Nimmala Supritha , Ackerman Kathryn E. , Eddy Kamryn T. , Pizzagalli Diego A. , Misra Madhusmita
Published: May 2023

Objective

Studies in estrogen deficiency states such as primary ovarian insufficiency and Turner syndrome suggest that estrogen status may be an important modulator of mood and emotions. In this study we compared depressive and anxiety symptoms between adolescent and young adult female oligo-amenorrheic athletes (AA) and eumenorrheic females (EM), and explored structural, and functional changes in related brain areas during reward processing, a behavioral construct that is altered in depression and anxiety.

Methods

We included (i) 24 AA participating in ≥4 hours/week of aerobic exercise or running ≥20 miles/week for ≥6 months in the preceding year, with lack of menstrual cycles for ≥3 months within at least 6 preceding months of oligo-amenorrhea, OR in premenarchal girls, absence of menses at >15 years), and (ii) 27 EM aged 14-25 years. Participants completed the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Mood and Anxiety Symptoms Questionnaire (MASQ). Structural MRI and brain activation during a functional MRI (fMRI) task that probes reward and punishment processing was examined in a subset of 10 AA and 23 EM.

Results

Median (IQR) age and BMI of AA and EM groups were 20.6 (19.0-22.6) vs. 20.6 (19.2-23.7) years, p=0.6 and v 20.3 (18.8-21.5) vs. 21.9 (19.6-23.5) kg/m2, p=0.005, respectively. While groups did not differ for BDI-II scores, AA had higher anhedonic depression MASQ scores (p=0.04), and STAI (p=0.03) scores vs. EM. In the fMRI subset, AA had higher caudate volumes vs. EM [F(1, 29)=9.930, p=0.004]. Lower activation observed in the right caudate during reward anticipation in AA compared with EM (p=0.036) suggests blunted reward processing in the striatum in estrogen deficient states.

Conclusion

Athletes with amenorrhea had higher depressive and anxiety symptomatology compared to eumenorrheic young women. Exploratory analyses demonstrated increased caudate volumes and decreased caudate activation during reward processing in athletes with amenorrhea suggesting that estrogen may play a role in reward processing.
Retrieval of particle size distribution based on a multi-objective genetic algorithm for multi-wavelength lidar
Authors: Bao Jun , Qi Liangliang , Mao Jiandong , Gong Xin
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Aerosols affect the radiation budget of the Earth’s atmospheric system. The aerosol particle size distribution (PSD) is one of the main parameters for characterizing the effect of aerosol on radiative forcing.

Methods: The extinction coefficient and backscattering coefficient at 355 and 532 nm and backscattering coefficient at 1064 nm of aerosol particles over Yinchuan area, China, which measured by a multi-wavelength lidar developed by North Minzu University, were used to retrieve the aerosol PSD. In view of the disadvantages of traditional regularization methods, the elitist Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II) is selected to retrieve PSD.

Results and Discussion: To verify the feasibility for retrieval of aerosol PSD, the NSGA-II with different errors in the input optical signal was simulated, in which the errors of the inverted PSD are still in the acceptable range when 35% error added into the optical parameters. Moreover, some experiments were carried out under different atmospheric conditions, including background sunny, cloudy and dusty days, and comparisons were performed with Multiple Population Genetic Algorithm (MPGA) and Simple Genetic Alogrithm (SGA) method. The results show that the retrieval effect of NSGA-II was better than that of MPGA and SGA, and the NSGA-II is very suitable for retrieve PSD by using the multi-wavelength lidar data.
Developing a more complete understanding of tropical montane forest disturbance ecology through landslide research
Authors: Freund Cathryn A. , Silman Miles R.
Published: May 2023

Landslides are a central component of tropical montane forest disturbance regimes, including in the tropical Andes biodiversity hotspot, one of the most biodiverse ecosystems in the world. Technological developments in remote sensing have made landscape-scale landslide studies possible, unlocking new avenues for understanding montane biodiversity, ecosystem functioning, and the future effects of climate change. Here, we outline three axes of inquiry for future landslide ecology research in Andean tropical montane forest. We focus exclusively on the Andes due to the vast floral diversity and high endemicity of the tropical Andes biodiversity hotspot, and its importance for global biodiversity and regional ecosystem service provisioning; the broad elevational, latitudinal, and topographic gradients across which landslide dynamics play out; and the existence of long-term plot networks that provide the necessary baseline data on mature forest structure, composition, and functioning to contextualize disturbance impacts. The three lines of study we outline, which draw heavily on remote sensing data and techniques, will deepen scientific understanding of tropical montane forest biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, and the potential impacts of climate change on both. They are: (1) tracking landslide biodiversity dynamics across time and space with high spatial and temporal resolution satellite and unoccupied aerial vehicle imagery; (2) assessing the ecological influence of landslides through the lens of plant functional diversity with imaging spectroscopy; and (3) understanding current and predicting future landslide regimes at scale by building a living landslide inventory spanning the tropical Andes. The research findings from these three axes of inquiry will shed light on the role of landslides and the process of forest recovery from them in both the Andes and worldwide.
The multi-faceted Swedish Heureka forest decision support system: context, functionality, design, and 10 years experiences of its use
Authors: Lämås Tomas , Sängstuvall Lars , Öhman Karin , Lundström Johanna , Årevall Jonatan , Holmström Hampus , Nilsson Linus , Nordström Eva-Maria , Wikberg Per-Erik , Wikström Peder , Eggers Jeannette
Published: May 2023

For several decades, computerized forest decision support systems (DSS) have helped managers and decision makers to analyze different management options and supported the search for preferred management alternatives. In Sweden, a country rich in forests and with a long tradition in intensive forest management, such systems have been developed and available since the 1970s. Changes in societal as well as in forest owners’ preferences and objectives in the 1990s led to a need for forest DSS handling broader perspectives compared to precedent single-objective timber-oriented systems. In Sweden, this led to the initiation of a research programme in the beginning of the 2000s aiming at developing a versatile and multi-objective forest DSS, resulting in the first version of the Heureka forest DSS released in 2009. The system handles several forest values, such as timber and biofuel production, carbon sequestration, dead wood dynamics, habitat for species, recreation and susceptibility to forest damages (spruce bark beetle, wind-throw and root rot). It contains a suite of software for different problem settings and geographical scales and uses simulation as well as optimization techniques. Three software handle projections of the forest using a common core of growth and yield models for simulating forest dynamics. A fourth software, built for multi-criteria decision analysis and including a web-version, enables also group decision making and participatory planning. For more than 10 years, the Heureka system has been used in teaching, environmental analysis, research and as decision support in practical forestry. For example, several research groups using the system for analyses in different problem areas have so far published more than 80 scientific papers. The system is used for nation-wide forest impact analysis for policy support and all large and many medium-sized forest owners use it for their long-term forest planning, meaning that it directly influences forest management decisions and activities on more than 50% of the Swedish forest area. Besides presenting the present system and its use, we also discuss lessons learned and potential future development.
Genome-wide search identified DNA methylation sites that regulate the metabolome
Authors: Nikpay Majid
Published: May 2023

Background: Identifying DNA methylation sites that regulate the metabolome is important for several purposes. In this study, publicly available GWAS data were integrated to find methylation sites that impact metabolome through a discovery and replication scheme and by using Mendelian randomization.

Results: The outcome of analyses revealed 107 methylation sites associated with 84 metabolites at the genome-wide significance level (p<5e−8) at both the discovery and replication stages. A large percentage of the observed associations (85%) were with lipids, significantly higher than expected (p = 0.0003). A number of CpG (methylation) sites showed specificity e.g., cg20133200 within PFKP was associated with glucose only and cg10760299 within GATM impacted the level of creatinine; in contrast, there were sites associated with numerous metabolites e.g., cg20102877 on the 2p23.3 region was associated with 39 metabolites. Integrating transcriptome data enabled identifying genes (N = 82) mediating the impact of methylation sites on the metabolome and cardiometabolic traits. For example, PABPC4 mediated the impact of cg15123755-HDL on type-2 diabetes. KCNK7 mediated the impact of cg21033440-lipids on hypertension. POC5, ILRUN, FDFT1, and NEIL2 mediated the impact of CpG sites on obesity through metabolic pathways.

Conclusion: This study provides a catalog of DNA methylation sites that regulate the metabolome for downstream applications.