bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preconceito e discriminação: Um estudo sobre as principais vertentes da violência de gênero
Authors: Farias Athena de Albuquerque , Carvalho Maria das Graças de , Barroso Marianna Leite
Published: April 2021

Resumo: Desde os períodos mais remotos, as desigualdades entre homens e mulheres e outras questões de gênero se fazem presentes, e por muito tempo nos fez acreditar que a mulher era inferior ao homem, motivo pelo qual só os homens exerciam a vida pública, com atividades intelectuais e políticas, já as mulheres eram responsáveis pela reprodução, criação dos filhos, cuidados com a casa e outras atividades relacionadas com a subsistência. Pessoas com outros gêneros eram vistas como adoecidas. Este artigo discute as questões de gênero, calcado na violência estabelecida à partir de paradigmas em que o homem é um gênero superior. O estudo concluiu que o preconceito e a discriminação são as principais causas da violência de gênero no país. E que são necessárias políticas públicas mais eficientes para resguardar os direitos humanos de ser, para que se torne possível a mitigação do preconceito e discriminação na sociedade.

Palavras-chave: Preconceito; Discriminação; Violência de gênero.
Proeminence of Theorization of Professional Development of the Mathematics Teacher in the Early Years
Authors: Purificação Marcelo Máximo , Amado Nélia Maria Pontes , Camilo Marcos Gomes , Pereira Vanessa Alves , Resende Arielly Silva
Published: April 2021

Abstract: This text arises from the discussions established in the teacher training project for the pedagogical use of technologies in the practice of Mathematics in the early years, developed within the scope of the Pedagogy course at the Centro Universitário de Mineiros - UNIFIMES, the research group NEPEM and the Graduate Program in Teaching - (Doctorate) at the University of Vale do Taquari - UNIVATES. This is a qualitative review of the literature, based on the discussions of the authors used as references in the training course. 

Keywords: Professional development. Mathematics teaching. Early Years.
Preliminary Map Showing Quaternary Geology of the Trafalgar 7.5-Minute Quadrangle, Indiana
Authors: Loope Henry Munro
Published: April 2021

The Trafalgar 7.5-minute quadrangle is situated near the maximum limit of Wisconsin Episode glacial deposits insouthwestern Johnson County. Till of Wisconsin Episode age (Trafalgar Formation) dominates the surficial geology of thequadrangle. Minor areas of Wisconsin Episode outwash and colluvium are found in valleys and former meltwater pathways.Kame deposits (sand and gravel) are found in the northeast part of the quadrangle and are part of a larger kame complexpresent in central Johnson County. Holocene (post-glacial) alluvium is found in the valleys of the North and South Prongsof Stotts Creek and tributaries. It is also found in two tributary valleys (Barnes Creek and Goose Creek) of Indian Creek inthe southwestern sector of the quadrangle. Unconsolidated sediment thickness generally increases from west to east acrossthe quadrangle, from less than 15 ft along the western margin of the quadrangle to over 150 ft thick in the east-central part ofthe quadrangle. The west to east transition of bedrock topography represents the buried northern end of the KnobstoneEscarpment. Based on water well data, the bedrock topography of the western half of the quadrangle is highly variable (reliefof ca. 75 ft), similar to that of the bedrock-dominated topography immediately to the south in Brown County. Thequadrangle is underlain entirely by Mississippian Borden Group bedrock. The Wisconsin Episode maximum limit is locatedless than one mile south of the southern boundary of the quadrangle. Radiocarbon ages from an exposure along Lick Creeksouth of Trafalgar indicate the Laurentide Ice Sheet reached its maximum extent just after 23,700 years ago. A second glaciallimit, marked by the Crawfordsville Moraine, crosses the quadrangle from northwest to southeast. TheCrawfordsville Moraine represents the limit of a readvance which occurred 21,700 years ago. This preliminary geologic mapis an interim geologic map product that documents progress in mapping the Quaternary geology of Johnson County,Indiana. The lithologic classification of the Quaternary units of Indiana was used in assigning map units.
Preliminary Map Showing Quaternary Geology of the Franklin 7.5-Minute Quadrangle, Indiana
Authors: Rupp Robin F. , Loope Henry M.
Published: April 2021

The Franklin 7.5-minute quadrangle is situated near the maximum limit of Wisconsin Episode glacial deposits insoutheastern Johnson County. Till of Wisconsin Episode age (Trafalgar Formation) dominates the surficial geology of thequadrangle. Areas of Wisconsin Episode outwash (Atherton Formation) are found in the Sugar Creek, Youngs Creek, andHurricane Creek valleys and within former meltwater pathways not occupied by modern streams. Kame deposits (sand andgravel) are found in the northern half of the quadrangle and are part of a larger kame complex present in central JohnsonCounty. Holocene (post-glacial) alluvium is found in the valleys of Sugar, Youngs, Nineveh, Buckhart, and Ray Creeks andtributaries. Unconsolidated sediment thickness generally increases from southwest to northeast across the quadrangle, fromless than 15 ft along the southwestern margin of the quadrangle to over 200 ft thick in the far northeastern corner of thequadrangle. This transition of bedrock topography represents the buried northern end of the Knobstone Escarpment. Twosignificant bedrock paleovalleys exist in the quadrangle, one in the south-central part of the quadrangle which parallels theburied Knobstone Escarpment and one in the northeast corner of the quadrangle which is part of a large bedrock valleyextending north into Marion County. The Quaternary sediments in the western half of the quadrangle are underlain byMississippian Borden Group siliciclastic rocks. In the eastern half of the quadrangle, the Devonian New Albany Shale andMuscatatuck Group carbonate rocks subcrop under thick Quaternary sediment cover. The Wisconsin Episode maximumlimit is located within one mile south of the southern boundary of the quadrangle. Radiocarbon ages from the adjacentTrafalgar 7.5-minute quadrangle indicate the Laurentide Ice Sheet reached its maximum extent just after 23,700 years ago. Asecond glacial limit, marked by the Crawfordsville Moraine in the adjacent Trafalgar 7.5-minute quadrangle,crosses the southern end of the Franklin 7.5-minute quadrangle, albeit diffuse. The Crawfordsville Moraine represents thelimit of a readvance which occurred 21,700 years ago. This preliminary geologic map is an interim geologic map product thatdocuments progress in mapping the Quaternary geology of Johnson County, Indiana. The lithologic classification of theQuaternary units of Indiana was used in assigning map units.
Alternative Ways of Challenging and Resisting in Richard Rodriguez’s Darling: A Spiritual Autobiography
Authors: Ibarrola-Armendariz Aitor
Published: April 2021

There are several reasons why essayist Richard Rodriguez could be classified as a ‘minority’ writer; namely, his Mexican-American roots, his Catholic faith, and his self- declared homosexuality. However, readers who expect his writings to display the kind of attitudes and features that are common in works by other ‘minority’ authors are bound to be disappointed. The meditations that Rodriguez offers are far from clearly dividing the world between oppressors and oppressed or dominant and subaltern. As he sees it, ethnic, religious, class or sexual categories and divisions present further complications than those immediately apparent to the eye. Does this mean that Rodriguez fails to resist and challenge the dynamics he observes between different social groups? Or that his observations are complaisant rather than subversive? Not necessarily, since his essays are always a tribute to the possibilities of disagreement and defiance. My analysis of his latest collection of essays, Darling: A Spiritual Autobiography (2013), maps out and dissects the writing strategies that Rodriguez employs to generate dialogical forms of inquiry and resistance regarding such up-to-date topics as religious clashes (and commonalities), Gay rights (in relation to other Human Rights) or how public spaces are being re-imagined in this global, digital era.
Micro-arc Oxidation Coating Containing Phosphorus on Tantalum Substrates Prepared by Micro-arc Oxidation
Authors: Liu Da-chang , Ni Jin-ping , Ye Jun-Xing , Ni Xiao-Hui , Zhu Xing-Yuan , Zhang Zhi-Yong , Liu Ren-Bao , Zhao Quan-Ming
Published: April 2021

Tantalum has physical and chemical properties that are well suited for use in medical implants. However, a lack of bone induction prevents this biologically inert material from combining well with bone tissue. This study reports the successful preparation of a micro-arc oxidation (MAO) coating on tantalum in phosphate solution. The porous surface of the coating includes uniformly distributed craters. Its constituent elements are evenly dispersed. Tantalum is present in the coating as tantalum pentoxide. In vitro testing of the coating with MG63 osteoblasts showed it has good biocompatibility and can promote cellular adhesion and proliferation. MAO coating on tantalum represents a new and potentially useful method to improve the clinical applicability of tantalum.
True orthophoto in urban areas
Authors: Kosmatin Fras Mojca , Šušteršič Katja , Šašić Kežul Aleksandar
Published: April 2021

True orthophoto is a better product than a classical orthophoto in urban areas, because buildings are depicted in the correct plane position, and the content around the building is also visible. The main goal of our research was to verify two approaches of a true orthophoto production: a) true orthophoto production based on digital terrain model and digital building model, and b) automatic true orthophoto production. We performed the research in two test areas within the Municipality of Ljubljana. We compared the both procedures and the produced true orthophotos with the classical orthophoto, and assessed the production time component as well. To produce true orthophoto, larger overlapping of aerial images is required, thus the time for aerial surveying is increased by approximately 25 percentage. The time of manual work, compared to classical orthophoto production, is lower by the factor 0.27 for automatically produced true orthophoto, and is greater by the factor 2.75 for the true orthophoto based on digital terrain model and digital building model. Aesthetic appearance of automatically produced orthophoto has only minor shortcomings on the buildings’ roof edges which are slightly serrated. Considering all the mentioned aspects, the automatically produced true orthophoto is competitive with the classical orthophoto.
MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Etiology and outcome of acromegaly in patients with a paradoxical GH response to glucose
Authors: Hage Mirella , Janot Clément , Salenave Sylvie , Chanson Philippe , Kamenický Peter
Published: April 2021

To gain more insight on the pathogenesis of somatotroph pituitary adenomas, recent studies have focused on a subgroup of patients with acromegaly displaying a paradoxical growth hormone (GH) response during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The paradoxical rise of GH after oral glucose intake occurs in about one-third of acromegaly patients and has been pathogenetically linked, by analogy to glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP)-dependent Cushing's syndrome, to the ectopic expression of GIP receptor (GIPR) in somatotroph adenoma cells. GIPR-expressing adenomas are negative for activating GNAS gene mutations and display distinct cytogenetic and DNA methylation profiles, highlighting their unique molecular pathogenesis. Acromegaly patients with a paradoxical GH response pattern seem to display higher insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentrations and harbour smaller adenomas that are more often of the densely granulated phenotype. They seem also to show a better response to somatostatin receptor ligands. In addition, persistent paradoxical GH response after surgery may be a biological marker of the residual disease postoperatively. Targeted therapy to antagonize GIP receptor on GIPR-expressing somatotroph adenomas could be a new treatment approach for acromegaly patients with a paradoxical pattern of GH response to OGTT.
In situ Composites: A Review
Authors: Movchan O. V. , Chornoivanenko K. O.
Published: April 2021

The review of the works on the fabrication-technology studies, patterns of structure formation, and properties of in situ composites is presented. The main advantage of in situ (natural) composites is the thermodynamic stability of their composition and the coherence (conjugation) of the lattices of the contacting phases. All these ones provide the composite with a high level of the physical and mechanical properties. As shown, composite materials of this type are formed in the process of directed phase transformations, such as eutectic crystallization, eutectoid decomposition, etc., caused by a temperature gradient, as well as a result of diffusional changes in composition. The conditions for the growth of in situ composites are formulated. The mechanisms of growth of composite structures of the eutectic type are considered. The factors influencing on the morphology of structures of the eutectic type are indicated. The considered technological methods make it possible to obtain materials with predetermined properties, in which the size, volumetric composition, and spatial arrangement of phases are characteristic of in situ composites. The paper provides a large number of examples of in situ composites: from low-melting Bi-based alloys to refractory eutectics based on Mo and W (Bi–MnBi, Cd–Zn, Al–Al3Ni, Al–Al4La, Al–Al10CaFe2, Al–Al9FeNi, Al–Al3Zr, Al–Al3Sc, Au–Co, Si–TaSi2, Cr–HfC, Cr–ZrC, Cr–NbC, Cr–NbC, Cr–TaC, Nb–Nb5Si3, Mo–ZrC, Mo–HfC, W–TiC, W–ZrC, W–HfC, etc.). Processes and aspects of structure formation are considered. The influence of additional doping on the structure and properties of composite materials of the eutectic type of binary systems, as well as the features of the structure formation of ternary colonies in the composite are considered.
Strengthening the Surface Layer of Tools with State-of-the-Art Technologies
Authors: Kostyk K. O. , Kostyk V. O. , Kovalev V. D.
Published: April 2021

Increasing both the service life and the wear resistance of the tool by surface hardening is an urgent issue. Its solution contributes to a significant increase in the performance of products. Available methods of surface hardening of tools, based on coating or changing the surface condition, are becoming increasingly important due to the complexity of the operation of products. Plates made of the T5K10 (85%WC–6%TiC–9%Co) and T15K6 (79%WC–15%TiC–6%Co) hard alloys as well as cylindrical samples made of the W6Mo5Cr4V2 and W18Cr4V high-speed steels are used for the study. Studies have shown that, after processing the T15K6 alloy plates with a pulsed magnetic field, the cutting tool life improved by more than 200% as compared to the untreated ones. The proposed method will increase the strength of carbide plates and stabilize the physical and mechanical properties of the cutting tool. For tools made of alloy steels, the hardening treatment is carried out by the boron method in pastes with nanodisperse powders. As shown, the thickness of the boride layer for high-speed steels increases with the duration of the process; however, its growth rate depends on the composition of the steel. An increase in the holding time of the chemical and thermal treatment leads to the growth of boride layers. The layer thickness changes quadratically (as a second-degree polynomial) with duration time. A feature of formation of diffusion layers is revealed. The dependences of both the surface hardness and the thickness of boride layer on the borating time for high-speed steels are also shown. Studies have shown that boriding in a nanodisperse medium can significantly increase the wear resistance of steels. The method of expert assessments of the maximum values of the surface properties of the studied steels is carried out. As shown, it is more rational to use W6Mo5Cr4V2 steel as a cutting tool after hardening the surface layer by boriding in a nanodisperse boron-containing powder. The proposed processing method demonstrates the prospects of using it to improve the performance of products. In addition, this method of hardening can significantly increase the wear resistance of materials (by ≈3.38–3.75 times) as compared to steels without processing.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN MODEL PBL TERINTEGRASI STEAM TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KREATIF DITINJAU DARI PEMAHAMAN KONSEP SISWA
Authors: Budiyono Agus , Husna Hotimatul , Wildani Arin
Published: April 2021

THE EFFECT OF IMPLEMENTATION OF STEAM INTEGRATED PBL MODEL ON CREATIVE THINKING ABILITY JUDGED BY STUDENTS' UNDERSTANDING OF CONCEPTSAbstractThe ability to think creatively is a skill that can support students in 21st-century learning. This study aims to describe the effect of the application of the integrated PBL model and STEAM on the ability to think creatively in terms of students' conceptual understanding. The study used a pre-experimental method using one group pretest-posttest design, that is, only one experimental group without using a control group. The population was all class XI of SMAN 1 Pademawu with samples taken using cluster random sampling, namely only one class. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA. The result shows that there is a significant effect of the integrated PBL model and STEAM on high school students' creative thinking (Fhit = 177.189 α = 0.000 <α = 5%). Students 'high understanding of concepts has an impact on students' higher creative thinking abilities when compared to students who have low concept understanding (Fhit = 202,804 α = 0,000 <α = 5%). The interaction between the STEAM integrated PBL model and students 'understanding of the initial concept had a significant effect on students' creative thinking abilities, namely (Fhit = 5.406 α = 0,000 <α = 5%). AbstrakKemampuan berpikir kreatif menjadi kemampuan yang dapat menunjang siswa dalam pembelajaran abad 21. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pengaruh penerapan model PBL terintegrasi pendekatan STEAM terhadap kemampuan berpikir kreatif ditinjau dari pemahaman konsep siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pre-experiment dengan menggunakan desain one group pretest-posttest design yaitu hanya satu kelompok eksperimen dengan tanpa menggunakan kelompok kontrol. Populasinya adalah seluruh kelas XI SMAN 1 Pademawu dengan sampel diambil menggunakan cluster random sampling yakni hanya satu kelas saja. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANAVA Dua Jalur. Penelitian menunjukkan ada pengaruh yang siginifikan model PBL terintegrasi pendekatan STEAM terhadap berpikir kreatif siswa SMA (Fhit = 177.189  Pemahaman konsep siswa yang tinggi berdampak pada kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa yang lebih tinggi pula jika dibandingkan dengan siswa yang memiliki pemahaman konsep rendah (Fhit = 202.804 . Interaksi antara model PBL terintegrasi STEAM dan pemahaman konsep awal siswa memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa yaitu sebesar (Fhit = 5.406 .
Intrapartum Group B Streptococcal Prophylaxis and Childhood Allergic Disorders
Authors: Dhudasia Miren B. , Spergel Jonathan M. , Puopolo Karen M. , Koebnick Corinna , Bryan Matthew , Grundmeier Robert W. , Gerber Jeffrey S. , Lorch Scott A. , Quarshie William O. , Zaoutis Theoklis , Mukhopadhyay Sagori
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVES:

To determine if maternal intrapartum group B Streptococcus (GBS) antibiotic prophylaxis is associated with increased risk of childhood asthma, eczema, food allergy, or allergic rhinitis.

METHODS:

Retrospective cohort study of 14 046 children. GBS prophylaxis was defined as administration of intravenous penicillin, ampicillin, cefazolin, clindamycin, or vancomycin to the mother, ≥4 hours before delivery. Composite primary outcome was asthma, eczema, or food allergy diagnosis within 5 years of age, identified by diagnosis codes and appropriate medication prescription. Allergic rhinitis was defined by using diagnostic codes only and analyzed as a separate outcome. Analysis was a priori stratified by delivery mode and conducted by using Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for multiple confounders and covariates. Secondary analyses, restricted to children retained in cohort at 5 years’ age, were conducted by using multivariate logistic regression.

RESULTS:

GBS prophylaxis was not associated with increased incidence of composite outcome among infants delivered vaginally (hazard ratio: 1.13, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.95–1.33) or by cesarean delivery (hazard ratio: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.88–1.32). At 5 years of age, among 10 404 children retained in the study, GBS prophylaxis was not associated with the composite outcome in vaginal (odds ratio: 1.21, 95% CI: 0.96–1.52) or cesarean delivery (odds ratio: 1.17, 95% CI: 0.88–1.56) cohorts. Outcomes of asthma, eczema, food allergy, separately, and allergic rhinitis were also not associated with GBS prophylaxis.

CONCLUSIONS:

Intrapartum GBS prophylaxis was not associated with subsequent diagnosis of asthma, eczema, food allergy, or allergic rhinitis in the first 5 years of age.
Rationale for and Practical Use of Sacubitril/Valsartan in the Patient’s Journey with Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction
Authors: Gori Mauro , Januzzi James L , D’Elia Emilia , Lorini Ferdinando L , Senni Michele
Published: April 2021

Sacubitril with valsartan (sacubitril/valsartan) is a relatively novel compound that has become a milestone in the treatment of patients with chronic heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) in the last decade. Contemporary data suggest that sacubitril/valsartan is associated with improved outcomes compared with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers, and has a greater beneficial effect on myocardial reverse remodelling. Additionally, two recent trials have shown that sacubitril/valsartan is well-tolerated even in the acute HF setting, thus enabling a continuum of use in the patient’s journey with HFrEF. This article summarises available data on the effectiveness and tolerability of sacubitril/valsartan in patients with HFrEF, and provides the clinician with practical insights to facilitate the use of this drug in every setting, with an emphasis on acute HF, hypotension, electrolyte imbalance and renal insufficiency.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Dental Education: Perception of Professors and Students
Authors: Costa Eliana Dantas , Brasil Danieli Moura , Santaella Gustavo Machado , Cascante-Sequeira Deivi , Ludovichetti Francesco Saverio , Freitas Deborah Queiroz
Published: April 2021

Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate perception and feelings experienced by dentistry professors and students about distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: Fifty professors and fifty-two students reported the perceptions and implications of distance learning imposed by the pandemic of COVID-19. The participants' answers were analyzed using the qualitative-quantitative method of the collective subject's discourse. The answers were summarized in central ideas, distributed in absolute and relative frequency. The answers with similar central ideas were grouped, obtaining the discourse of the collective subject. Results: The similar central ideas about distance learning addressed by professors and students were: suitable for didactic courses; limited laboratory and clinical courses, and internet access difficulties. Specifically for professors: a complement to classroom teaching; stress and learning with digital technologies; difficulty in reconciling classes with domestic activities; concerns with motivation and interaction with students; asynchronous lectures favor knowledge fixation, and synchronous lectures favor interaction with students; unreliable assessment methods; concern about returning to face-to-face classes. For the students: it was applied to all courses; demotivating; fundamental to guide studies; professors' commitment; long lectures; excessive school activities; difficult attendance control and evaluation; the comfort of being at home; impact on research. Conclusion: Professors considered distance learning as a learning opportunity on how to use digital technologies but too limited for lab and clinical activities and interaction with students. Students found it discouraging due to the absence of practical classes and excessive school activities.
An Emerging Key Concept in European Constitutional Law: Sustainability
Authors: Jakab András
Published: April 2021

Sustainability, as comp ared to the rule of law, human rights, sovereignty or democracy, is a relatively new constitutional key concept. It is mentioned explicitly more and more in constitutional discourses, and – even more importantly – it helps to reconstruct a number of current constitutional debates under one conceptual umbrella. Sustainability comprises different responses to long term social challenges which cannot efficiently be responded to via democratic mechanisms. Democratic mechanisms are based on election terms and which are, consequently, structurally short-sighted. By ‘European constitutional law’, I mean in this paper both the primary law of the EU and domestic constitutional documents. In the present paper is am first going to sketch the nature and the types of the sustainability challenges that contemporary societies face, with a special focus on Europe (environmental, demographic and financial). In the main part of the paper, I am going to show possible constitutional responses to these challenges. Finally, I will summarise the main argument of the paper which is a suggestion to set up an economic constitutional court consisting of economists with the power to annul laws if these contradict the principles of sustainability.
Paradigmatic Changes, or are Local Self-Governments Before or After Changes in Hungary? •
Authors: Gurdon-Nagy Klára
Published: April 2021

Scientific discussions concerning local governments are pervaded by paradigms at all times, which are questioned from time to time (paradigm crisis). As a result, participants of these discussions either defend their points, or a new paradigm appears (change in paradigm). I examine the system of local governments from this aspect. What kind of and how many paradigms characterise the system of local governments? Are these explainable by the paradigm? If not, is there another explanation? In this study, I gather all the current and emerging (perhaps former) characteristics of the local government system. In that regard, I determined the principles that, in my opinion, either apply at the level of the local government system, or they are in crisis.
New records and distribution extensions of the glassfrogs Hyalinobatrachium taylori (Goin, 1968) and H. tricolor Castroviejo-Fisher, Vilà, Ayarzagüena, Blanc & Ernst, 2011 (Anura, Centrolenidae) in Amapá, Brazil
Authors: Costa-Campos Carlos Eduardo , Bang Davi Lee , Figueiredo Vinícius Antônio Martins Barbosa de , Tavares-Pinheiro Rodrigo , Fouquet Antoine
Published: April 2021

Based on field surveys undertaken in two conservation areas, we report new distribution data of Hyalinobatrachium taylori (Goin, 1968) and H. tricolor Castroviejo-Fisher, Vilà, Ayarzagüena, Blanc & Ernst, 2011 from the state of Amapá, northern Brazil. We provide acoustic data from these new populations. These are the first records of H. taylori and H. tricolor from Amapá, extending the geographic distributions of these species by 317 km from Mitaraka and 320 km from Saut Grand Machicou, both in French Guiana, respectively.
Program Kampung Keluarga Berencana Menurut Hukum Islam
Authors: Musyafaah Nur Lailatul
Published: April 2021

The KB village has several programs, namely Family Planning (KB), Tribina which includes Family Development Coaching, Adolescent Family Development, Elderly Family Development (BKB, BKR, and BKL), Efforts to Increase Prosperous Family Income (UPPKS), and Information and Counseling Center Youth (PIK_RM). Based on the analysis of Islamic law, the Family Planning Village program in general is in accordance with the principles of Islamic law, but there are a number of programs whose laws are disputed by Jurisprudence. The Tribina program is in accordance with Islamic law, because the obligation of parents to care for and educate their children from toddlers to adolescents is good, and caring for elderly parents is an obligation of children to their parents. Regarding the family planning program, the majority of scholars allow for the use of contraceptives not to be permanent, not harmful and carried out by experts, while the permanent contraception, such as vasectomy and tubectomy, the majority of scholars forbid them. In connection with the UUPKS, the legal UUPKS may even be recommended because part of mutual assistance. But what needs to be considered is that the business must be in accordance with the concept of Islamic business, including not containing elements of gharar (uncertainty) and usury. The PIK_RM is in accordance with Islamic law, because fostering teenagers with proper and good guidance is highly recommended in Islamic law, so that they can become a superior generation and not fall into bad things.
Pendapat Muhammad Syahrur Tentang Poligami Serta Relevansinya Bagi Rencana Perubahan KHI
Authors: Nurdiansyah Firman
Published: April 2021

One of the topics that continues to reap controversy is polygamy. In the Islamic world, polygamy is interpreted differently through its main source, the Qur’an. One of the Muslim thinkers who contributed to the interpretation in this matter was Muhammad Syahrur who used the boundary theory in seeing the case of polygamy. By observing the context of the verse as a whole, Syahrur emphasized that polygamy can only be done if the second wife and so on are widows and have orphans. This paper is a study of the thoughts of Muhammad Syahrur through his monumental work Al-Kitab Wa Al-Qur’an Qira’ah Mu’asirah and his other works. The thought of Muhammad Syahrur is described and then analyzed for its relevance to the amendment plan. Compilation of Islamic Law as a material law in deciding polygamy issues. The requirement for polygamy must be with widows with orphans as a valuable input for KHI, which has included the conditions for polygamy which have departed from the shortcomings and weaknesses of women, a requirement considered by feminist as a gender bias.
Implementasi Peraturan Bupati Gunungkidul Nomor 36 Tahun 2015 Tentang Pencegahan Perkawinan Pada Usia Anak dalam Perspektif Maslahah Mursalah
Authors: Affaruddin Agung Ilham , Nadhifah Nurul Asiya
Published: April 2021

Regent Regulations (Perbup) of Gunungkidul Number 36 Year 2015 Concerning Prevention of Marriage at the Age of Child is a special regulation regarding the efforts, programs, actions, activities used by the government agencies of Gunungkidul Regency in order to prevent and reduce the number of marriages at the age of child. Wonosari Religious Court statistics show a decrease in the number of submissions for marriage dispensations from 2015 to 2017 after the enactment of this regulation. In 2015 there were 109 cases of marriage dispensation, in 2016 there were 85 cases of marriage dispensation, in 2017 there were 65 cases of marriage dispensation. In its implementation, this regulation has benefits because it forms the basis of human life (maslahah dharuriyyah). This regulation has also answered the problems that humans need to eliminate the difficulties they face (maslahah hajiyyah). In addition, this regulation has preserved the wisdom and goodness of manners and social and cultural beauty (maslahah tahsiniyyah). Seen from its implementation, Perbup Gunungkidul Number 36 of 2015 concerning Prevention of Marriage at the Age of Child is in accordance with the principles of problem solving.
Parenting Bagi Orang Tua Muda di Pusat Pembelajaran Keluarga Surabaya Perspektif Abdullah Nashih `Ulwan
Authors: Husniyah Azmatul
Published: April 2021

In this information and technology era, families face many challenges, especially in terms of childcare. The many social issues related to the family, especially the role of parents, make government institutions take the initiative to build family resilience by providing parents with knowledge about parenting. This article intends to highlight parenting activities for young parents held by the Surabaya City Government through the Puspaga (Family Learning Center) program. This program is intended to increase the knowledge of young parents about parenting towards children and make them aware of the importance of knowledge about parenting as a provision to foster harmonious families. Data was collected using interview techniques with participants and Puspaga administrators and documentation techniques. To assess this practice, the author uses child education theory according to Abdulloh Nashih 'Ulwa who emphasizes education in the fields of faith, morals, physical, psychological, resourceful, and social. The parenting program for young parents held by Puspaga is compatible with the concepts of Islamic education according to Abdullah Nashih 'Ulwa.
Perkawinan Beda Agama Perspektif Majelis Ulama Indonesia dan Muhammadiyah
Authors: Ibad Mifatakhul Bil
Published: April 2021

This article discusses interfaith marriage law according to the fatwa of the Indonesian Ulema Council and Muhammadiyah. According to the MUI’s fatwa, interfaith marriages are unlawful with the proposition of chapter of al-Baqarah verse 221. While Muhammadiyah believes interfaith marriages are permissible on the basis of al-Maidah verse 5. MUI forbids interfaith marriages because it can lead to conflicts between Muslims and cause unrest in the community. Muhammadiyah allows interfaith marriages because in Islamic history it is known that the Prophet Muhammad was married to a Christian woman from Egypt, namely Maria al-Qibthiyyah. Some of the Companions of the Prophet also married the women of the Book. MUI equates ahlu al-Kitab (Nashrani and Jewish) including the category of polytheists, while Muhammadiyah considers that women from ahlu al-Kitab does not include polytheists as stated in chapter al-Baqarah verse 221. This is because according to Muhammadiyah there are many verses that distinguish between ahlu al-Kitab and polytheism by considering the linguistic analysis in chapter al-Baqarah verse 105 and al-Bayyinah verse 1.
Pemberian Hak Hadanah Kepada Ibu Tiri dalam Putusan Pengadilan Agama Sidoarjo Nomor: 0763/Pdt.G/2018/Pa.Sda Perspektif Maslahah Mursalah
Authors: Firyal Wafda
Published: April 2021

This article is a library research on the granting of rights to stepmothers in the decision of the Sidoarjo Religious Court Number: 0763/Pdt.G/2018/PA.Sda. The research data are collected using documentation techniques and are analysed using descriptive analysis techniques and using a deductive mindset that is by outlining the decision of the Sidoarjo Religious Court which is then reviewed from the perspective of maslahah mursalah. The panel of judges in determining the right of gift to stepmothers in the Sidoarjo Religious Court's decision, based on article 41 letter (a) of Law Number 1 of 1974 jo. article 105 and article 156 letter (a) Compilation of Islamic Law and the proposition in the book Bajuri juz II. In addition, a willingness from the Defendant who is the biological father of the child to give the right of gift to the Plaintiff's Reconstruction is a point that is included as consideration by the panel of judges. In Islamic law which is examined from the theory of maslahah mursalah, the judge's consideration to establish the right of hadanah to the stepmother in the Sidoarjo Religious Court's ruling is in accordance with the purpose of the hadanah namely to prioritize the interests and benefit of the child so that later he or she can grow into a good person under the care of an appropriate person, even though the child is not a biological child of the Reconvention Plaintiff, the Reconvention Plaintiff is in fact more feasible and competent to have the right of hadanah.
Eksistensi Anak Perempuan dalam Hukum Kewarisan Syiah
Authors: Rama Faby Toriqir
Published: April 2021

This is a bibliographical research that discusses the justice of girls in Shi’ah inheritance system. The issue which is the subject of discussion is the position of female heirs, especially girls, who in Sunni inheritance system is not treated equally with other heirs, whether they are equal or not. Because in the Sunni inheritance system, male superiority is highly exalted. Between sons and daughters, even though they are equal in the eyes of the heir, still have an unbalanced power in veiling other heirs. Whereas in Shi’ah inheritance system, girls are positioned as equals to boys. They have the same hijab power. In addition, Presidential Instruction No. 1 of 1991 concerning Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) also applies the principle of equality between girls and boys in terms of veiling other heirs. Nevertheless, KHI did not adopt the class system directly. However, it is explicitly stated in article 181 and article 182 that the existence of a daughter causes sibling,  sibling  with the same mothe or sibling with the same father does not receive part of the inheritance.
Kategori Perkawinan Belum Tercatat dalam Blangko Kartu Keluarga Perspektif Yuridis
Authors: Aljarofi Amanda Zubaidah
Published: April 2021

This article discusses marital status in a family card that has a registered marriage and an unregistered marriage. The important question to be answered through this article is that the legal basis for making the marriage category has not been recorded as one of the marital status in the family card blank. The analysis is carried out using the applicable laws and regulations namely Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage, Government Regulation Number 9 of 1975 concerning Implementation of Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage, Compilation of Islamic Law, and Regulation of the Minister of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia Number 19 of 2018 concerning Marriage Registration. Changes in marital status in family card blanks regulated in Minister of Domestic Affairs Regulation Number 118 of 2017 concerning Family Card Blanks, Registration and Quotation of Civil Registration Deed, caused the Directorate General of Population and Civil Registration of the Ministry of Home Affairs of Indonesia to make the development of the population database change to SIAK 7. This change has caused the registration of marriages which initially functioned to guarantee legal order as instruments of legal certainty through proof of marriages, to be disorderly in the law. It is because in the long-term marriages have not been recorded and remain facilitated by the state through fulfillment of administrative rights.
Idiosinkrasi Istri dalam Mencarikan Pasangan Baru Bagi Suami Perspektif Gender
Authors: Hikmiyah Hawa' Hidayatul
Published: April 2021

The ideology of a wife in finding a new wife for her husband is considered to be another behavior of most wives in general. Every wife will not want to be polygamy by her husband, but in contrast to the behavior of the wives in the polygamy community is destiny, the majority of wives in the community are competing in achieving God's blessing by finding a new wife for her husband. The wife's behavior is not in the context of pressure from anywhere, which means finding a new wife for the husband purely from his own initiative. With the afterlife orientation, the wives seek, choose and also prepare the husband's marriage with a new wife. There are several motives that influence the idiosyncracy of these wives, including economic, religious, traditional and political motives. In the gender context of a marriage must meet four indicators namely access must be owned by each husband and wife in the family, get a fair role for what the husband and wife do, exercise the same rights and obligations especially in decision making in the family, and benefit from each other in domestic life. In practice polygamy families will have difficulty meeting the four indicators above. Because initially in the condition of the household not always together so that it will affect access, the division of family roles and responsibilities, especially in making all household decisions. Even though there are several motives in polygamy initiated by the wife, it will still have an impact that is vulnerable to family conflicts.
Akibat Hukum Sumpah Li’an yang Tidak Terbukti Kebenarannya Terhadap Status Anak Berdasarkan Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan
Authors: Kusmayanti Hazar
Published: April 2021

The journey of living in a household does not always go as it should. If the household has a condition that is no longer aligned, then there is most likely a dispute that leads to divorce. Often divorce occurs because the father doubts his son,or because his wife commits adultery. When this happens, the husband can swear li'an which results in breaking the marriage and the relationship with his son. This study intends to examine the legal consequences of a child in the event of divorce due to li'an oath when the allegations of adultery are not proven to be true. This Research method uses normative juridical. The results showed that if it turns out that the swearing statement uttered by the husband is not proven to be true, then the divorce becomes void. Li'an's divorce was decent by his father's son as a result of li'an's divorce. The son is returned to his father, so that he again raises the rights and obligations between the child and the father.
Nalar Integrasi Fikih dan Psikologi Keluarga dalam Pandangan Hakim Agama Jawa Timur Tentang Hak Asuh Anak Pasangan Murtad
Authors: Ghufron M. , Ali Moh.
Published: April 2021

One of the causes of divorce which was decided by a Religious Court judge was because of the apostasy of one of the spouses. Divorce due to apostasy leaves problems in parenting. To whom the child custody will be given must be considered by the judge. This research is empirical research (field study) with fiqh and family psychology approach to get an understanding of the basic considerations of judges in establishing child custody in the case of an apostate partner. Through interviews and documentation, the study found, that the consideration of judges based on three things: first, normative basis, which is based on the consideration of Constitution No. 1 of 1974, Compilation of Islamic Law, Constitution No. 7 of 1989 Jo. Constitution Number 30 of 2006 concerning Childcare, and Number 23 of 2002, Supreme Court jurisprudence Number 210 / K / AG / 1990. Second, fiqh basis, which refers to the requirements of the Hadhanah which are in line with fiqh and the provisions of the Hadhanah based on Syafii's Madzab. Third, the psychological basis, which considers all psychological problems related to children. By using this integrative analysis the judge considers that the requirements for Muslims to care for children are in line with psychological values, that the family must provide Islamic education to shape the child's mental spirit.
Pandangan Al-Buthi Terhadap Hukum Mengikuti Program Keluarga Berencana (KB) Berdasarkan Intervensi Negara
Authors: Mufid Moh.
Published: April 2021

This article aims to discuss al-Buthi's thoughts about the law following a family planning program on state intervention. The family planning program is claimed as one of the strategies to reduce birth rates to avoid high population growth rates. On the other hand, one of the aims of marriage in Islam is to give birth to offspring who can be the successor and prosperity of the earth. Therefore, family planning programs in this context are seen as blocking this noble goal. Al-Buthi, one of the contemporary scholars, has a very dichotomous thought. This study shows that al-Buthi is of the view that family planning law over state intervention for his people is an act that is not in line with the purpose of marriage. That is why, according to al-Buthi the law is haram. Unlike the law, if both husband and wife couples carry out family planning programs through azl or other contraceptives without any intervention from any party, including from the state, then it is permissible as long as the husband and wife's consent and the existence of benefits that are personal to both. The basic thought of al-Buthi is the qiyasi reasoning and the maqasidi reasoning.
Nafkah Sebagai Konsekuensi Logis Pernikahan
Authors: Darmawan Darmawan
Published: April 2021

This research aims to find out what are the forms of zahir (material) and inner (non-material) livelihood that a husband must give to his wife? Is the living provided by the husband because of the obedience of the wife or because of the marriage contract? By using a qualitative approach. Zahir livelihoods are related to basic daily necessities, which can be classified as الكسوة (clothing), الطعام (food) and السكن (board), household costs and maintenance, the cost of children's education. While the inner livelihood can be classified as: 1) Husband teaches the values of tauhid, morality and worship. 2) Husband treats wife well, gently. 3) Husband gives sovereignty to wife to interact with society. 4) The husband gives an explanation of what the wife is lacking. 5) Having an intimate relationship between husband and wife. Livelihood is the logical consequence of the marriage contract, both zahir and inner. Zahir is a gift from the husband that must be given to the wife when the marriage contract is completed, provided that they both exercise their rights and obligations. If a wife does not fulfill her obligations as a wife, then the husband is not obliged to provide zahir support to his wife. Meanwhile, the inner livelihood is the living that the husband must give to the wife from the completion of the marriage contract until the end of the marriage, whether the wife is obedient or not.
Kisah Perempuan Pekerja Migran Indonesia di Hong Kong: Perjuangan untuk Keluarga dan Pendidikan Anak
Authors: Siregar Wahidah Zein Br
Published: April 2021

This study aims to describe struggle of Nurdiana and Tira, two Indonesian female migrant workers who work in domestic sector in Hong Kong. They are part of thousands of Indonesian migrant workers in this country. Data from BNP2TKI shows that in 2019 only, there were 70,840 migrant workers placed in Hong Kong. Most of them are women. These women work in informal sectors, particularly domestic works. Using life story method, this research is able to find out that the main reason for both Nurdiana and Tira to work in Hong Kong is to fulfill their family needs and support education of their children. Their children are studying in Pesantren. Life story gives chances to both informants to talk more about their work, their relation with employers, family, friends, and challenges they face, including that of COVID-19. Their stories provide an understanding of the real situation faced by these two family heroes.
Tatacara Pemeriksaan Permohonan Dispensasi Kawin Menurut Perma Nomor 5 Tahun 2019 (Analisis Putusan No.0017/Pdt.P/2020/Pa.Lpk)
Authors: Nasution Muhammad Syukri Albani , Akbar Ali , Siagian Maimunah
Published: April 2021

Children have the right to choose, whether to marry or not, and when their choice falls to marry, then the biggest thing to be considered is the age, the age that is considered safe and permissible for marriage, from a health perspective, from a psychological perspective, as well as from an economic standpoint. This study aims to see how the judges consideration in deciding marriage dispensation cases, based on the analysis of the judge's decision No.0017 / Pdt.P / 2020 / PA.Lpk. The method used in this research is normative juridical. Indonesia as a State party to the Convention on the rights of the child (Convention on the rights of children) assert, that all actions concerning children undertaken by institutions, social welfare institutions, state or private, courts, administrative authorities or legislative bodies, are implemented in the best interest of the child, to provide protection for children who choose to marry while they are hindered by age