bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estrategias para la prevención de errores en la administración de medicamentos intravenosos
Authors: Rojas Marín María Zoraida , Castillo Penagos Cristian David , Orduz Diaz Yenifer Daniela , Segura Suárez Mayra Alejandra
Published: February 2022

Introducción: los medicamentos que son administrados erróneamente pueden producir efectos adversos, los cuales pueden causar afectaciones en el paciente y gastos adicionales en las instituciones. Los cuatro errores más comunes en la administración de medicamentos por vía intravenosa son dosis incorrectas del medicamento, volumen incorrecto, mezclas incorrectas e incompatibilidad farmacológica. El nivel de conocimiento farmacológico en el profesional de enfermería cobra especial importancia. Objetivo: analizar la literatura disponible sobre estrategias utilizadas para prevenir la ocurrencia de estos errores en la administración de medicamentos intravenosos por parte del personal enfermería desde el año 2010 al 2019. Método: se realizó una revisión integrativa (RI) para dar respuesta a la pregunta: ¿cuál es la evidencia disponible sobre estrategias para la prevención de errores en la administración de medicamentos por vía intravenosa? Se utilizaron bases datos entre las que se encuentran OVID, ScienceDirect, SciELO, Medline Complete, Academic Search Complete, PubMed y Guías de Prácticas Clínicas, con límite de tiempo entre 2010 y 2019. Resultado: se identificaron 17 publicaciones sobre estrategias de prevención de errores en la administración de medicamentos por vía Intravenosa, se clasificaron los resultados en 3 grupos relacionados con dosis, volumen, mezclas e incompatibilidades y con factores extrínsecos del paciente. Conclusiones: el número de estudios en cuanto a la prevención de errores en la administración de los medicamentos intravenosos es reducido al igual que el rigor metodológico; respecto a las estrategias de minimización de errores, prevalece la utilización de dispositivos electrónicos (bombas inteligentes, códigos electrónicos, etiquetado), comunicación asertiva, creación y adherencia a las guías y protocolos (principalmente en fármacos analgésicos y antibióticos) , fortalecimiento de los conocimientos individuales (educación continua, temas farmacológicos y capacitación en habilidades técnicas) y la generación de una estandarización en la preparación y administración de medicamentos intravenosos.
Breakdown of the connection between symmetries and conservation laws for semiholonomic systems
Authors: Lemos Nivaldo A.
Published: February 2022

Integrable velocity-dependent constraints are said to be semiholonomic. For good reasons, holonomic and semiholonomic constraints are thought to be indistinguishable in Lagrangian mechanics. This well-founded belief notwithstanding, here we show by means of an example and a broad analysis that the connection between symmetries and conservation laws, which holds for holonomic systems, is not valid in general for systems subject to semiholonomic constraints.
Machine builds druglike molecules in a snap
Authors: Service Robert F.
Published: February 2022

Automated assembly of 3D molecules could revolutionize drug discovery
Draft Genome Sequence of Bacteriocin-Encoding Enterococcus faecium Strain S6, Isolated from Camel Milk
Authors: Akbar Abrar , Rahmeh Rita , Kishk Mohamad , Alateeqi Abdulaziz , Alomirah Husam
Published: February 2022

Enterococcus faecium
strain S6 is a newly identified bacteriocin producer isolated from raw camel milk. The draft genome sequence is composed of 2,617,971 bp, with 2,407 coding genes and a G+C content of 37.99%. The genome sequence analysis provided details into the antimicrobial properties of strain S6.
Whole-Genome Sequence of the
Wolbachia
Strain
w
Tcon, an Endosymbiont of the Confused Flour Beetle, Tribolium confusum
Authors: Gharabigloozare Yeganeh , Wähling Alexander , Bleidorn Christoph
Published: February 2022

Up to 60% of insects are infected with symbiont intracellular alphaproteobacteria of the genus
Wolbachia
, which are often able to manipulate their host’s reproduction. Here, we report the annotated draft genome sequence of strain
w
Tcon from the confused flour beetle,
Tribolium confusum
, based on long- and short-read sequence data. The assembled genome is located on 12 contigs with a total size of 1,418,452 bp.
Complete Genome Sequence of
Streptomyces
Phage ϕRKBJ001 Isolated from Prince Edward Island, Canada
Authors: Johnston Benjamin P. , Haltli Bradley , Kerr Russell G.
Published: February 2022

We reported here the complete genome sequence of
Streptomyces
phage ϕRKBJ001 that was isolated from a saltwater marsh on Prince Edward Island, Canada, using the
Streptomyces
sp. strain RKBHB0173. Based on electron microscopy and genomic analysis, this phage belongs to the
Siphoviridae
family and the BN
Streptomyces
phage cluster.
The “Nazas Arc” is a continental rift province: Implications for Mesozoic tectonic reconstructions of the southwest Cordillera, U.S. and Mexico
Authors: Busby C.J. , Centeno-García E.
Published: February 2022

We reject the notion of a Jurassic continental arc in eastern Mexico, termed the “Nazas arc,” on geologic grounds. Instead, we propose that the Jurassic continental arc of the SW Cordilleran U.S. and northern Sonora, Mexico, passed southward into the oceanic realm and is represented by Jurassic arc volcanic and plutonic rocks that fringed the Mexican paleo-Pacific margin, which are currently found in the western Peninsular Ranges of southern California, USA, and Baja California, the Vizcaino Peninsula of Baja California, and western mainland Mexico. To show this, we present a summary of the geologic features of a continental arc, using the geology of the southern end of the Jurassic continental arc, in southern Arizona and northern Sonora. These features include multi-kilometer–thick sections of volcanic rock; large volcanic centers, including silicic calderas; major eruptive units that can be correlated for distances of 100 km or more; abundant, large plutonic suites; and continuity of these features for distances of hundreds of kilometers along the length of the continental arc. Then we show that the “Nazas arc” consists of scattered, small continental rift basins with thin (meters to tens of meters thick) volcanic sections at the base of clastic sections that are hundreds of meters thick. Plutonic rocks are entirely absent from the “Nazas arc,” despite the fact that post-Jurassic tectonic events should have exposed them if they existed. This paper also presents a tabulation of all published U-Pb zircon dates in the Jurassic continental arc of southern Arizona, USA, and northern Sonora (Table 1A), and in the “Nazas arc” of eastern Mexico (Table 1B), with ages, methods, the rock type dated, and notes on geologic relations. We use this to detail the abundance of thick, laterally extensive volcanic sections and large plutonic suites in a continental arc (the Jurassic arc of southern Arizona–northern Sonora), which contrasts sharply with the “Nazas arc.”

The term “Nazas arc” has been in widespread usage for volcanic rocks in eastern Mexico for decades in many dozens of papers, and it is portrayed as a 2000-km-long, 250-km-wide belt that extends from Sonora through eastern Mexico to Chiapas. It has been misunderstood to form a subduction-related silicic large igneous province (SLIP), and it has been proposed that the Gulf of Mexico formed as a backarc basin behind the “Nazas arc.” The “Nazas arc” model also requires an east-dipping subduction zone under Mexico, and a separate west-dipping subduction zone under the oceanic arc rocks of western Mexico, which those models portray as an exotic arc, despite the presence of abundant detrital zircon from the Mexican margin. We urge workers to abandon the term “Nazas arc” and replace it with “Nazas rift province,” which represents continental rift basins formed during the breakup of Pangea.
Linking out-of-hospital deaths with a regional hospital-based firearm injury database: a clinical researcher’s guide to accessing data from the National Death Index
Authors: Mueller Kristen , Cooper Benjamin P , Moran Vicki , Mancini Michael , Foraker Randi E
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Firearm injuries are a public health crisis in the US. The National Death Index (NDI) is a well-established, comprehensive database managed by the National Center for Health Statistics at the CDC. In this methodology paper we describe our experience accessing and linking data from the NDI to our regional, hospital-based violent injury database to identify out-of-hospital deaths from firearms.

Methods

We outline the key steps of our submission to the NDI. Data were collected from research team meeting notes, team member emails with NDI staff, and information provided from the NDI website and supplementary guides. Few of our collaborators or university partner investigators had accessed or used data from the NDI. We discuss the online NDI Processing Portal data request, data preparation and receipt from the NDI, troubleshooting tips, and a timeline of events.

Results

Our query to the NDI returned 12 034 records of 12 219 firearm-injured patient records from 2010 and 2019. The record match rate was 98.5%.

Discussion

Linking hospital-based data sets with NDI data can provide valuable information on out-of-hospital deaths. This has the potential to improve the quality of longitudinal morbidity and mortality calculations in hospital-based patient cohorts. We encountered logistic and administrative challenges in completing the online NDI Processing Portal and in preparing and receiving data from the NDI. It is our hope that the lessons learnt presented herein will help facilitate easy and streamlined acquisition of valuable NDI data for other clinical researchers.

What this study adds:

- A step-by-step guide for clinical researchers of how to apply to access data from the National Death Index (NDI).

- Advice and lessons learned on how to efficiently and effectively access data from the NDI.

- A well-described methodology to improve the quality of longitudinal morbdity and mortality calculations in hospital-based cohorts of firearm injured patients.

What is already known on this subject:

- There is a need for robust, longitudinal data sources that reliably track morbidity and mortality among firearm injured patients in the United States.

- The NDI is a well-established, comprehensive database that holds death records for all 50 states, which provides valuable mortality data to the public health and medical research community.
Uncovering the advertising and promotional strategies of tobacco companies in Cambodia: recall of below-the-line marketing among young male smokers
Authors: Stubbs Thomas , White Victoria M , Kong Mom , Toumbourou John W
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Tobacco companies have used below-the-line marketing in novel ways to promote their brands to youth in low/middle-income countries in Southeast Asia. This study explores how young male smokers in Cambodia experience below-the-line marketing strategies.

Methods

Convenience sampling was used to recruit 147 young male smokers (18–24 years) in Cambodia in early 2020. Local research assistants conducted mixed-methods interviews with participants in Khmer or English. Participants recalled exposure to below-the-line marketing strategies and provided in-depth descriptions about their experiences with individual sales promotions. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results

54% of participants recalled exposure to at least one below-the-line marketing strategy, including point-of-sale promotions (32.7%), individual sales promotions (27.9%) and online advertising (14.3%). Participants described individual sales promotions in public settings, and recalled that promoters were mostly female, attractive and targeted young males. Tactics used to encourage young people to accept promotional offers included free cigarettes and sample packets, swapping current cigarettes for new brands and collecting consumer details after interviewing. The brands and product features of cigarettes being promoted were readily described by participants.

Conclusion

This study provides evidence that illegal below-the-line marketing is still occurring in Cambodia, and increased monitoring and enforcement of advertising restrictions is needed.
VARIATIONAL PERSPECTIVE FOR THE FRACTAL THIN FILM EQUATION ARISING IN ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Authors: YAO SHAO-WEN
Published: February 2022

The thin film equation is very important in electroanalytical chemistry arising in diffusion–reaction process. Considering the effort of the surface morphology on the diffusion process, the thin film equation is modified by using the fractal derivative, and its fractal variational principle is successfully established according to the semi-inverse method and two-scale transform method. It is very helpful to study the structure of the approximate solution.
Irreducible Phalangeal Fractures Due to Incarceration into the Extensor Tendon Apparatus – A Report of Two Patients
Authors: KRISHNA Sathya Vamsi , GIRISH Akshay Bailahalli , REDAPPA Jainath , HOSAHALLI Chandrashekar
Published: February 2022

Irreducible phalangeal fractures are uncommon, and if neglected can cause fracture non-union or functional deficits of the affected digit. We present two patients with irreducible phalangeal fractures – one in a child with a juxta-epiphyseal middle phalanx fracture incarcerated into the triangular ligament of the extensor apparatus and another in an adult following incarceration of a fractured proximal phalanx into the common intrinsic tendon on the radial side. Both required open reduction to extricate the incarcerated fracture ends, achieving good union and excellent functional outcomes.

Level of Evidence: Level V (Therapeutic)
Standoff and Point Detection of Thin Polymer Layers Using Microcantilever Photothermal Spectroscopy
Authors: Zhao Yaoli , Chakraborty Patatri , Stavinski Nicholas , Velarde Luis , Maheshkar Vaishali , Dantu Karthik , Phani Arindam , Kim Seonghwan , Thundat Thomas
Published: February 2022

Standoff detection based on optical spectroscopy is an attractive method for identifying materials at a distance with very high molecular selectivity. Standoff spectroscopy can be exploited in demanding practical applications such as sorting plastics for recycling. Here, we demonstrate selective and sensitive standoff detection of polymer films using bi-material cantilever-based photothermal spectroscopy. We demonstrate that the selectivity of the technique is sufficient to discriminate various polymers. We also demonstrate in situ, point detection of thin layers of polymers deposited on bi-material cantilevers using photothermal spectroscopy. Comparison of the standoff spectra with those obtained by point detection, FTIR, and FTIR-ATR show relative broadening of peaks. Exposure of polymers to UV radiation (365 nm) reveal that the spectral peaks do not change with exposure time, but results in peak broadening with an overall increase in the background cantilever response. The sensitivity of the technique can be further improved by optimizing the thermal sensitivity of the bi-material cantilever and by increasing the number of photons impinging on the cantilever.
Freely Deformable Electrochromic Fabric Devices Exhibiting Durable Chromatic Switching and All-Around Stability
Authors: Eom Yu Seon , Pal Raksha , Pande Gaurav K. , Park Jong S.
Published: February 2022

Electrochromic devices (ECDs) show reversible color changes on applying external voltages by electrochemical redox reactions. Most ECDs are fabricated using ITO-coated electrodes on glass substrates. With a growing interest in wearable devices, many attempts have been made concerning flexible ECDs. Compared to the conventional devices, the ECDs fabricated on the textile substrate feature highly conformal and curvilinear properties similar to inherent textile aspects. In line with the demand, this study presents the freely deformable and highly durable electrochromic fabric devices (ECFDs) prepared by the spray-coating process. The ECFDs are constructed using a layer-by-layer structure on polyester fabric, consisting of electrodes, electrochromic, electrolyte, and protective layers. Conducting electrodes are designed with the mixture of silver nanowire and PEDOT:PSS, and, on top of it, viologen functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane is subsequently stacked. The additional electrolyte layer is placed for surface hardening and ion transporting purposes. The protection is formed in the outer layer, providing remarkable waterproofness and laundry fastness. The prepared ECFDs reveal reversible and repeated electrochromic performances, along with bending and twisting stability, waterproofness, and washing fastness. The current approach demonstrates the feasibility of color-changing textiles for real-life applications.
Green and Effective Anodizing of AA 2024-T3 in Methionine-Sulfuric Acid Electrolyte
Authors: Usman Bashir Jelani
Published: February 2022

Sulfuric acid anodizing (SAA) is a common corrosion protection method for aluminum alloys. Selected additives, usually organic compounds, can be added to the sulfuric acid (SA) electrolyte to improve the corrosion resistance of the anodized layer. It is a widespread opinion that certain organic compounds minimize the dissolution rate of an alloy in the SA electrolyte, thereby improving the structure, morphology, and consequently, the corrosion resistance of the resulting porous film. This work introduces Methionine-Sulfuric Acid (MSA) anodizing as a green and energy-efficient method for developing corrosion-resistant anodic oxide films on AA 2024-T3. Electrochemical investigations at free-corrosion potential revealed that methionine retards the alloy dissolution rate in SA with an inhibition efficiency of above 90%. During anodizing, MSA electrolytes decreased the current density, leading to a decrease in energy consumption of up to 52% compared to the SA counterpart. The Field Emission—Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) showed that MSA films have lower thickness and improved pore morphology than SA film generated at the same experimental conditions. The corrosion analyses via salt spray and immersion tests complemented by electrochemical and surface studies indicate superior corrosion performances for MSA films before and after hydrothermal sealing.
Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lung Abscess Complicating COVID-19 Treated with the Novel Oral Fluoroquinolone Delafloxacin
Authors: Panholzer Jürgen , Neuboeck Matthias , Shao Guangyu , Heldt Sven , Winkler Markus , Greiner Paul , Fritsch Norbert , Lamprecht Bernd , Salzer Helmut
Published: February 2022

Purpose. We report the development of a lung abscess caused by a ciprofloxacin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a patient with COVID-19 on long-term corticosteroid therapy. Successful antimicrobial treatment included the novel oral fluoroquinolone delafloxacin suggesting an oral administration option for ciprofloxacin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung abscess. Case Presentation. An 86-year-old male was admitted to the hospital with fever, dry cough, and fatigue. PCR testing from a nasopharyngeal swab confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. An initial CT scan of the chest showed COVID-19 typical peripheral ground-glass opacities of both lungs. The patient required supplemental oxygen, and anti-inflammatory treatment with corticosteroids was initiated. After four weeks of corticosteroid therapy, the follow-up CT scan of the chest suddenly showed a new cavernous formation in the right lower lung lobe. The patient’s condition deteriorated requiring high-flow oxygen support. Consequently, the patient was transferred to the intensive care unit. Empiric therapy with intravenous piperacillin/tazobactam was started. Mycobacterial and fungal infections were excluded, while all sputum samples revealed cultural growth of P. aeruginosa. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed resistance to meropenem, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and tobramycin. After two weeks of treatment with intravenous piperacillin/tazobactam, the clinical condition improved significantly, and supplemental oxygen could be stopped. Subsequently antimicrobial treatment was switched to oral delafloxacin facilitating an outpatient management. Conclusion. Our case demonstrates that long-term corticosteroid administration in severe COVID-19 can result in severe bacterial coinfections including P. aeruginosa lung abscess. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a P. aeruginosa lung abscess whose successful therapy included oral delafloxacin. This is important because real-life data for the novel drug delafloxacin are scarce, and fluoroquinolones are the only reliable oral treatment option for P. aeruginosa infection. Even more importantly, our case suggests an oral therapy option for P. aeruginosa lung abscess in case of resistance to ciprofloxacin, the most widely used fluoroquinolone in P. aeruginosa infection.
Optimization of the Balance between Protein, Lipid and Carbohydrate in Diets for Lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus)
Authors: Hamre Kristin , Berge Gerd Marit , Sæle Øystein , Holen Elisabeth , Kousoulaki Katerina , Remø Sofie Charlotte , Krogdahl Åshild , Lein Ingrid
Published: February 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate how the dietary balance between protein, lipid, and carbohydrate affects growth, welfare, and health with focus on immune responses, in lumpfish of body weight ranges 1.7-10 g and 15-50 g. A three-component mixture design, with simultaneous variation of the three macronutrients was applied. Growth, tissue and plasma nutrient composition, welfare, cataract frequency, and immune responses in leukocytes isolated from the fish head kidney were studied. Most responses were linear and driven by dietary lipid level, with minor effects of carbohydrate and protein. The growth in 1.7-10 g fish followed a special cubic model with no clear optimum. The fastest growth in the 15-50 g fish was obtained with the diet containing 55% protein, 17% fat, and 6% carbohydrate. The high dietary levels of lipid also gave high lipid levels in the tissues and a trend of improved welfare score, but there were no effects on cataract. The diets with minimum and maximum protein gave suboptimal immune responses in isolated head kidney cells of the 15-50 g fish, while the fastest growing fish showed normal immune responses. We propose that diets for lumpfish from 10-50 g body weight should contain approximately 55% protein, minimum 10% lipid, and maximum 10% carbohydrate. These diets will also be suitable for lumpfish of 1.7-10 g.
Development of a Novel Immune Subtyping System Expanded with Immune Landscape and an 11-Gene Signature for Predicting Prostate Cancer Survival
Authors: Li Nan , Yu Kai , Lin Zhong , Zeng Dingyuan
Published: February 2022

Background. Nearly half of patients with prostate cancer will develop metastasis. Immunotherapy is currently a promising strategy for treating metastatic prostate cancer. This study aimed to construct an immune subtyping system and provide a more comprehensive understanding of tumor microenvironment. Methods. Data were downloaded from TCGA database and cBioPortal database. Consensus clustering was used to identify immune subtypes. Immune features were scored by ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT. Efficacy of different subtypes in immunotherapy was predicted by TIDE tool. Immune landscape was delineated through “monocle.” Coexpressed gene modules were identified by weighted correlation network analysis. Univariate Cox regression analysis and LASSO analysis were applied to construct a prognostic model. Results. Four immune subtypes (IS1 to IS4) were identified. Prognosis, mutation patterns, expression of immune genes, immune biomarkers, immunohistochemical biomarkers, and prediction efficacy of immunotherapy were significantly different among four immune subtypes. Five coexpressed gene modules were identified and an 11-gene prognostic model was constructed based on the modules. Conclusions. The study developed a novel immune subtyping system and an 11-gene prognostic model of prostate cancer, which could guide personalized treatment and immunotherapy for patients with prostate cancer.
A Knowledge Representation Method for Question Answering Service in Mobile Edge Computing Environment
Authors: Qian Rong , Hou Xia
Published: February 2022

Driven by the rapid development of mobile computing and the Internet of Things, the number of devices connected to Internet has increased dramatically in recent years. Such development has generated massive amounts of data and highlighted the importance and urgency of using the accumulated big data to improve frequently used services. Deploying the question answering service in the mobile edge computing environment is considered a good way to make efficient use of the data and improve user experiences. Powered by the breakthroughs of deep learning technologies, question answering system based on knowledge graph (KBQA) has flourished in recent years. Knowledge representation, as a key technology of KBQA, can express the knowledge graph as the vectors containing more semantic information and thereby improve the accuracy of the question answering system. This paper proposes a knowledge representation method that integrates more features than the traditional methods. In our method, knowledge is represented as a combination of a structured vector reflecting the target triple and the domain information around the entity. By representing richer semantic vectors, our method outweighs TransE, ConvE, and KBAT, in terms of link prediction.
The Allocation of Business Model Components under Presence of Uncertainties by the Branch-and-Bound Method
Authors: Nestić Snežana , Aleksić Aleksandar , Lafuente Jaime Gil , Cvetić Tijana , Đurić Goran
Published: February 2022

As the only constant in business is change, business transformation is essential for adopting new perspectives and business trends. One of the keys to performing successful business transformation is to be fully aware of the current components of the business model. This research aims to allocate the business model components (BMCs) to defined business model components groups (BMCGs) by developing a new approach that integrates fuzzy sets and heuristic algorithms. The allocation results enable a comprehensive analysis of business model frameworks and give a good connection to research in the domain of strategic management and business process modeling. For allocation, the decision-makers (DMs) are employing the linguistic terms modeled by the fuzzy sets theory. The considered problem is stated as an integer programming model where the optimal solution is given by a B&B algorithm. The model is tested on a sample of forty experts from four different economic sectors.
Experimental Study on Failure Law and Mechanism of Red Sandstone under Ultrasonic Vibration Excitation
Authors: Wang Jiyao , Wang Xufeng , Chen Xuyang , Chen Liang , Yang Zhanbiao , Chang Zechao , Zhang Lei , Niu Zhijun
Published: February 2022

Rock breakage is inevitable for creating openings in underground engineering operations. Ultrasonic vibration has been attracting extensive attention for such a practice considering its outstanding performance in rock breakage. In order to understand the fundamental failure mechanism of rocks subjected to ultrasonic vibrations, based on P-wave monitoring and the direct current electric method, we captured the evolution of the failure process of the red sandstone. In addition, we fundamentally analyse the failure mechanisms of the red sandstone using numerical simulation and microscopy scans. It was found that extensive fractures were initiated due to the ultrasonic vibration and the fractures propagated downwards forming a conical shape. The apparent resistivity became as high as 320000 Ω being 16 times the initial resistivity. The fracture propagated downwards as deep as 41 mm. The maximum damage parameter on the testing sample could be as high as 0.68, and it completely failed after 140 s of ultrasonic vibration duration. As a result of numerical simulation, it was found that the microfractures and pores in the testing sample were activated due to the stress wave resulting from the ultrasonic vibration leading to the fracture propagation and eventually complete failure. Through comparing the performance of uniaxial compressive loading and ultrasonic vibration techniques in rock damage, it was concluded the latter has a much higher capacity and competence in rock breakage.
Effects of Dietary Arginine on Growth Performance, Digestion, Absorption Ability, Antioxidant Capability, Gene Expression of Intestinal Protein Synthesis, and Inflammation-Related Genes of Triploid Juvenile Oncorhynchus mykiss Fed a Low-Fishmeal Diet
Authors: Wang Yaling , Wang Chang’an , Liu Siyuan , Zhang Shuze , Lu Shaoxia , Liu Hongbai , Han Shicheng , Jiang Haibo , Zhang Yin
Published: February 2022

In this study, the effects of arginine on growth, serum antioxidant levels, intestinal digestion physiology, intestinal protein synthesis, and expression of inflammatory-related genes of triploid juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were investigated. Five diets containing 0.86%, 1.65%, 2.10%, 2.85%, and 3.50% arginine were fed to satiation to triplicate groups of 30 fish per tank for 8 weeks. The results showed that the weight gain rate, specific growth rate, and protein efficiency ratio significantly increased. The optimal dietary arginine requirement was 2.48% (5.97% of dietary protein) based on quadratic regression analysis between specific growth rate and dietary arginine content. There were no significant differences in crude lipid and ash content. Moisture significantly decreased, and crude protein content significantly increased (

P
<
0.05

). Superoxide dismutase, catalase, and lysozyme levels in serum and the liver first significantly increased and then decreased with the level of arginine compared to the control group (

P
<
0.05

), while the malondialdehyde level significantly decreased. Intestinal lipase and amylase levels significantly increased, but there was no significant difference in trypsin level (

P
>
0.05

). The muscular layer thickness and villus width foregut in the 2.85% group were significantly increased. TOR at 2.86% and IGF-1 and S6K1 at 2.11% reached the maximum level, and IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 showed a decreasing trend with their lowest levels in the 3.50% and 2.85% groups. The expression of TNF-α first decreased and then increased with the arginine level. Both TGF-β and IL-10 expression first decreased and then increased with the level of arginine and reached the maximum value in the 2.85% group. NF-κB showed an opposite trend and reached the lowest value in the 3.50% group. In conclusion, dietary arginine has a significant effect on growth, serum antioxidant capability, digestion physiology, immunity, digestion, and absorption of nutrients in triploid O. mykiss, and the optimum requirement is 2.48% fed a low-fishmeal diet.
Construction of a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Network for Coronary Artery Disease by Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Zhang Zebo , Qian Haiyan , Wang Li , Tao Zhenbo , Cheng Keai , Wang Kaiyue , Xie Yanqing , Zhang Lina
Published: February 2022

Background. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) were known to be related to the pathogenesis of many diseases through competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory mechanisms. However, the function of circRNA in coronary artery disease (CAD) remains unclear. In this study, we aim to construct a circRNA-related competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network in CAD. Methods. The gene expression profiles of CAD were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus datasets. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to construct a ceRNA regulatory network, from which the hub genes involved were identified through protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks leading to the identification of the circRNA-miRNA-hub gene subnetwork. In addition, function enrichment analysis was performed to detect the potential biological mechanism in which circRNA might be involved. Results. A total of 115 DEcircRNAs (differentially expressed circRNAs), 17 DEmiRNAs (differentially expressed microRNAs), and 790 DEmRNAs (differentially expressed mRNAs) were identified between CAD and control groups from microarray datasets. Functional enrichment analysis showed that DEmRNAs were significantly involved in inflammation-related pathways and ubiquitin-protein ligase binding. After identifying 20 DEcircRNA-DEmiRNA pairs and 561 DEmiRNA-DEmRNA pairs, we obtained a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network. PPI network analysis showed that eight hub genes were closely related to CAD, leading to the identification of a circRNA-miRNA-hub gene subnetwork consisting of nine circRNAs (hsa_circ_0020275, hsa_circ_0020387, hsa_circ_0020417, hsa_circ_0045512, hsa_circ_0047336, hsa_circ_0069094, hsa_circ_0071326, hsa_circ_0071330, and hsa_circ_0085340), four miRNAs (hsa-miR-136-5p, hsa-miR-376c-3p, hsa-miR-411-5p, and hsa-miR-654-5p), and eight mRNAs (MKRN1, UBE2H, UBE2W, UBE2D1, UBE2F, BE2J1, ZNRF1, and SIAH2). In addition, we discovered these hub genes were enriched in the ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis pathway, suggesting circRNAs may be involved in the pathogenesis of CAD through this pathway. Conclusions. This study may deepen our understanding of the potential role of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulation network in CAD and suggest novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for CAD.
The Influence of Tensile Strength Difference with Variable Gravel Sizes on the Hydraulic Fracture Propagation in the Conglomerate Reservoir
Authors: Chen Junnian
Published: February 2022

Conglomerate reservoir is a representative reservoir of unconventional oil and gas resources, and hydraulic fracturing is also used to increase its production. However, the tensile strength of conglomerates with different sizes is various, which has an important impact on the hydraulic fracture propagation in the conglomerate reservoir. To study the tensile strength difference caused by the size of conglomerate gravel, some Brazilian splitting tests were conducted. To find the influence of tensile strength difference on the hydraulic fracture propagation, some true triaxial hydraulic fracturing experiments for layered formations were carried out. The concept of the fracture element in conglomerate formations was proposed. The results showed the following: (i) the tensile strength of conglomerate rock decreased with the increase of the gravel size, and the average tensile strengths of specimens with gravel diameters of 2.0–6.0 mm and 6.0–20.0 mm were 65.5% and 43.6% of that with 0.1–2.0 mm diameter, respectively; (ii) hydraulic fractures easily deflected at the interface of fine-grained conglomerate and medium-grained conglomerate; (iii) hydraulic fractures were prone to propagate to the layers with larger gravel sizes, and the smaller the gravel size, the lower the penetration probability. It is helpful to increase the understanding of the hydraulic fracture propagation under different gravel sizes in the conglomerate reservoir, and it can provide a reference for well distribution and hydraulic fracturing design.
Characteristics of Obese Patients with Acute Hypercapnia Respiratory Failure Admitted in the Department of Pneumology: An Observational Study of a North African Population
Authors: Msaad Sameh , Gargouri Rahma , Kotti Amina , Kallel Nesrine , Saidane Amel , Jmal Yassine , Ketata Wajdi , Moussa Nadia , Bahloul Amine , Kammoun Samy , Jdidi Jihene
Published: February 2022

Background. Acute hypercapnic respiratory failure (AHRF) is a common life-threatening event in patients with obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS). Objectives. To study the clinical pattern, noninvasive ventilatory support, as well as the short- and long-term outcomes of patients with OHS admitted in a ward because of AHRF. Methods. We conducted a retrospective cohort study including all adults with OHS

aged
≥
18
−
year
−
old

, admitted in a 90-bed-ward for AHRF. Results. A total of 44 patients were included. Fifteen (34.1%) and 29 (65.9%) patients were diagnosed with malignant OHS (mOHS) and nonmalignant OHS (non-mOHS), respectively, while 36 (81.8%) had coexisting obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Patients with mOHS had a significantly higher rate of heart failure (100% vs. 31%;

p
<
0.001

), chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) (73.3% vs. 41.4%;

p
=
0.04

), and dyslipidemia (66.7% vs. 34.5%;

p
=
0.04

) than those with non-mOHS. The mean forced vital capacity (FVC) in our patients was of

59.5
%
±
18.5

of the predicted value, lower than what is usually reported in stable patients with OHS. At hospital admission, more than two-thirds (

n
=
34

, 77.3%) were misdiagnosed as having asthma exacerbation (

n
=
4

, 4.9.1%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation (

n
=
12

, 27.3%) and/or heart failure (

n
=
29

, 65.9%). Acute pulmonary oedema (ACPE) (

n
=
16

, 36.4%) and acute viral bronchitis (

n
=
12

, 27.3%) were the main identified causal factors, while no cause could be determined in 5 (11.4%) patients. Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) using bilevel positive airway pressure (BIPAP) was very highly effective to treat AHRF, with only 2.27% of patients failing the modality. Median overall duration of ventilation was 9 hours per day (1.3–20) and was significantly longer in patients with mOHS than in those with non-mOHS (10 [6–18] vs. 8 [1.3–20], respectively;

p
=
0.01

). Forty two of the forty-three patients discharged alive were treated with BIPAP or continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in 26 and 16 patients, respectively. The probability of survival was 90% at 12 months, while the probability of readmission for a new episode of AHRF was 56% at 6 months and 22% at 12 months, respectively. Conclusion. AHRF in OHS patients is a life-threatening event which can be successfully and safely treated with BIPAP, with a low long-term mortality even in patients with mOHS.
A Novel Trusted Software Base for Commercial Android Devices Using Secure TF Card
Authors: Zhou Yuting , Zhao Bo , An Yang
Published: February 2022

With the help of edge computing, the Internet of Things (IoT) provides users with efficient data transmission and processing capabilities. As a main control device of the IoT and the communication portal of edge computing, user terminals represented by Android devices have potential security risks in IoT. Trusted computing is a universal method to construct trusted environment for computing platforms. However, due to the strict space, cost, and power limitations, commercial Android devices would not be applicable to implement a dedicated onboard chip or the software Trusted Platform Module (TPM) by modifying its firmware. We have designed a practical Trusted Software Base (TSB) for mobile devices to enhance their security. By using the secure TF card as the hardware to provide secure storage and cryptographic capabilities, we implement the trusted boot and trust extension for applications on a commercial device to verify the feasibility of the TSB to ensure a trusted environment for users. Our implementation does not require any modification to the firmware or any additional hardware other than the secure TF card. Experimental evaluation shows that our method can provide trusted computing capability for commercial Android devices with low performance overheads.
Applications of Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II Combined with WKNN Online Matching Algorithm in Building Indoor Optimization Design
Authors: Yu Xiwen , Wang Shaoxuan , Xiao Feng
Published: February 2022

The present work aims to improve the comfort of architectural interior design and reduce indoor energy consumption. The Weight K-Nearest Neighborhood (WKNN) algorithm and Nondominated Sorting Genetic algorithm are proposed to locate and analyze the spatial location of indoor personnel and optimize the indoor energy consumption in combination with residential behavior. Firstly, the indoor human behavior data and energy-saving problems are analyzed based on residential behavior theory and architectural physics. The indoor positioning algorithm is proposed to identify the personnel activities to realize the optimization of indoor energy distribution. Secondly, mean filtering and cluster analysis are adopted to optimize sampling points’ data and fingerprint database to eliminate data noise. Besides, the WKNN algorithm is used for Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) indoor location fingerprint location. Then, aiming at the multiobjective optimization problem of building indoor energy consumption, the Nondominated Sorting Genetic algorithm obtains the optimal solution of the model. Combined with the indoor location information of personnel, the indoor heating and cooling system is monitored and distributed to reduce the energy consumption in the building while ensuring the living comfort of personnel. The test and simulation results demonstrate that the mean filtering algorithm can solve the room’s fluctuation problem of Wi-Fi signals. The cluster analysis algorithm can eliminate the data noise of the fingerprint database and improve the positioning accuracy of the positioning algorithm. Moreover, the location result is independent of the number of nodes; the number of sampling points does not affect the location result. The positioning accuracy of the WKNN algorithm is 2 m, and the positioning error rate within 2 m is about 60%. Compared with other algorithms, the WKNN algorithm has better positioning accuracy and positioning stability. Therefore, the location algorithm designed here can be applied to indoor location optimization. This study provides a reference for optimizing buildings’ indoor positioning and energy consumption.
Breastfeeding during a Pandemic
Authors: Milani Gregorio P. , Porro Alessandro , Agostoni Carlo , Giannì Maria Lorella
Published: February 2022

Background: The current pandemic and the concerns of vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 have contributed to increasing the rate of breastfeeding interruption. This tendency has been associated with negative effects on the well-being of lactating mothers and their infants. The aim of this review is to summarize the evidence on the strategies to support breastfeeding during the COVID-19 pandemic and on the safety of breastfeeding during a SARS-CoV-2 infection or after COVID-19 vaccination. Summary: Available data show that the lack of support of lactating mothers during the pandemic has contributed to breastfeeding cessation worldwide. However, a few strategies have been proposed to overcome this issue. The risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from infected mothers to their offspring is extremely low. Furthermore, vaccination of lactating mothers is not associated with side effects in their infants. Key Messages: Increasing effort should be made to support breastfeeding during the COVID-19 pandemic. Mothers who are able to take care of their offspring and to adopt basic hygiene measures should not interrupt breastfeeding during a SARS-CoV-2 infection. Vaccination of lactating mothers might further strengthen the protective effect of breastfeeding against infections.
Recommendation of Neurorehabilitation according to the Padovan-Method Neurofunctional Reorganization® for Treating Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Systematic Review
Authors: Vogel Dimitri , Ostermann Thomas , Vogel Hannah , Loskamp Kathrin , Fetz Katharina
Published: February 2022

Objective: The Padovan-Method Neurofunctional Reorganization® is a promising approach in speech therapy treating neurodevelopmental disorders with traumatic or congenital origin. Its use is based on a long-time experience of certified therapists. However, its efficacy and safety has not been assessed in a systematic review. This report aims to gain evidence for the use of the therapy method. The review was registered (PROSPERO: CRD42020156124). Methods and Analysis: Guidelines of PRISMA, the Cochrane Collaboration Handbook, MECIR, and GRADE were followed. General databases (Cochrane Library, PubMed, AWMF, Anthromedics, etc.) and further 38 databases including grey literature were searched. Hand search was done additionally and contact to experts used to retrieve unpublished manuscripts. All trials investigating the effect of the method in comparison to either no intervention, alternative as state of the art, or placebo intervention in English, Portuguese, and German language were included. No restriction regarding study design was applied. Data related to the intervention outcome and the study method was extracted and analyzed independently. Risk of bias was assessed using ROBINS-I for non-RCTs, adherence to CARE-Guidelines was analyzed for case series or reports, and keeping the Declaration of Helsinki was checked for all items. Results are presented both in evidence profiles and summary of findings tables according to GRADE. Results: Amongst 98 records assessed for eligibility, four studies and 14 case reports were identified with a total of n = 196 participants. Duration of reported interventions was between 2 days and 2 years. Microcephalia, down-syndrome, unspecified neurological disorders, and myofunctional disorders were main conditions of the patients with neurodevelopmental disorders. Only indirect overlapping of operationalized criteria was found. Conclusions are therefore limited. Conclusion: The Padovan-Method® is a holistic therapy approach claiming its feasibility to a large group of disorders making a proof of efficacy difficult. An application of therapy according to the Padovan-Method® by trained therapists might be considered by clinicians (weak recommendation) and a contribution to a relief of symptoms or improvements of condition of named conditions might be gained. Therefore, development and validation of therapy protocols and further investigation are required.
O ourives do palavreado nas encruzilhadas da linguagem: polifonia e síncope em Aldir Blanc
Authors: Gonçalves Fabrício de Araújo César
Published: February 2022

Aldir Blanc é um dos maiores e mais importantes poetas da canção brasileira. Segundo o escritor Sérgio Rodrigues, sua obra “funde o lírico e o antilírico numa nova unidade que já não é possível quebrar”, numa aliança “entre o sublime e grotesco, que se pode chamar de neobarroca, é uma chave de leitura da alma brasileira que merece atenção”. Neste artigo, buscamos desvendar alguns dos sentidos dessa “leitura da alma brasileira”, considerando a obra do letrista que foi chamado de “Ourives do Palavreado” por Dorival Caymmi como uma interpretação do Brasil e suas querelas.
Ouvido-voz: uma máquina
Authors: Penha Gustavo Rodrigues
Published: February 2022

Este artigo aborda a conexão entre ouvido e voz na construção de uma máquina perceptiva, selecionadora e preensora de linhas expressivas sonoras captadas auditivamente.  Trata-se de uma etapa determinante no processo de audição, em que o aparelho vocal é acionado quando um sinal perceptivo se produz no ouvido, que é assim agitado ao se deparar com uma excitação material sonora exterior. Tal acionamento do aparelho fonador se dá instantaneamente à agitação do sinal perceptivo, funcionando de maneira complementar ao ouvido. Através de um cruzamento bibliográfico atento a alianças conceituais possíveis em uma ampla rede de textos, buscou-se conectar e colocar em ressonância autores literários, musicais e filosóficos que trataram direta ou indiretamente esse objeto de estudo, com o intuito de clarear alguns aspectos implicados na operação contínua de uma máquina ouvido-voz funcionando em diferentes modos de atividades perceptivas e criativas.
Silenciosa música da prosa? O potencial de performatividade de A Montanha Mágica, de Thomas Mann
Authors: Silveira Rafael Humberto
Published: February 2022

Thomas Mann influenciou permanentemente a teoria narrativa com seu romance Der Zauberberg (A Montanha Mágica, publicado 1924) e com as considerações feitas na palestra introdutória ao romance em 1939, durante seu exílio nos E.U.A. A presente contribuição examina os argumentos centrais desse ensaio e excertos do romance para demonstrar que aspectos do texto que o autor relaciona com a música se referem mais especificamente a um potencial de performatividade da narrativa. Esse potencial é mostrado e explicado no artigo por meio de excertos do romance.