bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Flame Retardant Composites of Rare Earth Oxides/ Conventional Flame Retardants/ Silicone Rubber with Good Self-Extinguishing
Authors: Xu Fei Juan , Qiu Zu Min
Published: November 2010

In this paper, the flame-retardant synergistic effect between rare earth oxide and conventional flame retardants (aluminum hydroxide and iron trioxide) has been studied using vertical combustion test. The results show that good flame-retardant synergistic effect exists between them. The composites combining 100 grams of aluminum hydroxide, 40 grams of iron trioxide and 0.8 grams of rare earth oxide can reach FV-0 in vertical combustion test. The thermal stability influence of rare earth oxide to silicone rubber has also been studied by means of thermogravimetric analysis. It has been found that rare earth oxide can function as thermal stabilizer in silicone rubber.
Simulation on Displacement Characteristics of Variable Displacement of Double-Action Vane Pump
Authors: Chen Lei , Zhang Pan
Published: November 2010

On of the practical difficulties of high speed automotive hydraulic power steering is that the output exceeds the actual demands of the system, i.e., there is a substantial power loss. This paper discusses the configuration and the action principle of a new variable displacement of double-action vane pump, which consists of floating blocks. The pump belongs to an automotive hydraulic power steering system, and prosperous utilization is expected. In the meantime the mathematical and simulation model for hydraulic power steering of automobile were established and the Matlab Simulink simulation model was presented. Different parameters of pump are selected in simulating programming. The simulating results are analyzed and compared.
Methods to Make Silicon and Silica Luminescent
Authors: Huo Liang , Zhou Yong Heng , Zhang Qing Mao , Liu Song Hao
Published: November 2010

The development of adding optical functionality to a silicon microelectronic chip is still a great challenge in material research area. Silicon and its oxide are not luminescent for they do not possess direct electronic band transition. Here we demonstrate that room-temperature photoluminescence (PL) has been observed from silicon/silicon dioxide laser sintered body with its strongest PL intensity peak being at 387 nm (3.20 eV) and another peaked near 788 nm (1.60 eV). The effects of silicon/silicon oxide particle diameters and silicon contents on room-temperature PL of their laser co-sintering samples were studied. It was found that the PL peak intensity changes with the increasing silicon content.
Electrochemical Compatibility between Natural Graphite and Li6BaLa2Ta2O12 or Organic Electrolytes
Authors: Chen Han , Gong Wen Qiang , Liu Jian Hua , Sun Bin
Published: November 2010

The electrochemical compatibility between natural graphite and garnet-like Li6BaLa2Ta2O12 or organic electrolytes was investigated. The formation of solid electrolyte interface (SEI) films in the initial cycle was investigated by galvanostatic charge and discharge, cyclic voltammetry experiments. The experimental results show that electrochemical compatibility between natural graphite and Li6BaLa2Ta2O12 is the most excellent, while electrochemical compatibility between natural graphite and PC-based electrolytes are the poorest. In the initial cycle, the discharge capacity and charge-discharge efficiency are both the highest in Li6BaLa2Ta2O12 electrolyte, and they are 337.1 mAhg-1 and 99.5 %, respectively.
Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Uniaxial Compression of Ceria and Gadolinia Doped Ceria
Authors: Chen Yun Jun , Sun Yi , Cui Zhi Wei
Published: November 2010

In this paper, we investigate the mechanical properties of ceria and gadolinia doped ceria by molecular dynamics simulations. The doped concentrations and temperature dependence of yield stress and elastic modulus have been evaluated via uniaxial compression. Simulation results reveal that such properties decrease dramatically with higher temperature and doped content. In addition, the attenuated effect of doped content is more significant than that of temperature.
Microcosmic Deform Incoordination and the Law of Limiting Strength Release during Shearing Failure of Concrete
Authors: Liu Xiao Wen , Geng Xiao Mu
Published: November 2010

Concrete is a sort of inhomogeneous and discontinuous diverse mixture, it has very complicated interior structure and working mechanism[1,2]. But the research about concrete constitutive relation and strength theory was based on the condition of concrete continuity. The law for microcosmic deform during concrete destroy was little considered[3]. Mechanism of shearing failure was researched through concrete sample’s experiment to explored interior microcosmic disharmony and the law of limiting strength release in this paper. Shearing experiments of concrete show shearing displacements of various local district in shearing surface during shearing have apparent discrepancy from beginning to end. This discrepancy leads to destroy of shearing surface from one local to another local and brings course of shearing limiting strength release discontinuous, one-off and non-instantaneous.
Preparation and Characterization of Shellac Fiber as a Novel Material for Controlled Drug Release
Authors: Thammachat Thanachod , Sriamornsak Pornsak , Luangtana-Anan Manee , Nunthanid Jurairat , Limmatvapirat (1) Chutima , Limmatvapirat Sontaya
Published: November 2010

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of electrospinning process on the physical properties of fibers made from shellac. Electrospun shellac fiber was prepared by dissolving shellac in ethanol and then transferred to the electrospinning system. The influences of process parameters; including electric field voltage, tip to collector gap, feeding rate and concentration of shellac solutions; on the spinnability and properties of obtained shellac fibers were elucidated. The result demonstrated that micro-nano fibers of shellac were easily formed after spinning. The concentration of shellac solution was a crucial parameter that determined the spinnability. The electro-sprayed particles of shellac were achieved at the concentration of 35% w/w and lower while the electrospun fibers was formed in the concentration range of 40-45 % w/w. SEM pictures demonstrated that the beaded fiber structure obtained at 40-43% w/w was changed to the continuous fiber structure at 45% w/w. The diameter of fiber showed a tendency to increase while the size distribution of diameter was narrower as increasing voltage. The other optimized electrospinning parameters including feeding rate, tip to collector gap were 0.5-2 ml/h and 15-20 cm, respectively. In conclusion, the study demonstrated the critical parameters that determined the properties of required fibers. The knowledge gained should support the development of the drug incorporated electrospun shellac fiber in near future.
Application of a Coating Sensor to Aluminum Structural Crack Monitoring
Authors: Cui Rong Hong , He Yu Ting , Shu Wen Jun , Du Jin Qiang , Ding Hua
Published: November 2010

Metal structural crack monitoring is a significant and difficult task for structural health monitoring. A special coating sensor was employed in this study to monitor aluminum structural cracks. The coating sensor was deposited on the hot spots of the aluminum structure by modern surface technology. Fatigue experimental results show that the information of the structural crack origination and propagation can be obtained through analyzing the changes of the electrical conductivity of the coating sensor, and the fatigue performance of the specimen is not obviously changed after the coating sensor deposited on it.
Controllable Preparation of Multi-Morphology Nanosized Silica by Hydrolysis of Mixed Chlorosilanes in Mixed Solvent of Alcohol and Water
Authors: Zhang Jun , Xu Bo , Hu Su Ping , Feng Yu Li , Guo Yan Hui
Published: November 2010

The nanosized silica with different morphologies such as sphere, granule, needle, short rod, hollow tubule, has been in turn synthesized by using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as template and mixed chlorosilane (silicon tetrachloride and trichlorosilane) as silicon source in aliphatic alcohol aqueous solution. The as-prepared products were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and BET nitrogen adsorption technique was employed for determination of specific surface area of the powdery silica. The formation conditions and mechanism of the nanosized silica with special and diverse shapes are preliminarily discussed.
Preparation of Chitosan/Cyclodextrin/Trisodium Citrate Nanoparticles for the Poor-Water Drug Carrier Material
Authors: Ji Jin Gou , Hao Shi Lei , Dong Jin , Zhang Jing Fen , Li Jing Jie , Xu Yi
Published: November 2010

The ibuprofen (IBU) was selected as a model of the poor-water drugs, and the IBU-loaded chitosan/β-cyclodextrin/trisodium citrate nanoparticles were prepared via the ionic cross-linking method. The drug-loading capacity, particle size, zeta potential and surface morphology of the obtained nanoparticles were characterized. The results showed that the IBU had been successfully loaded into the nanoparticles, and showed good drug-loading capacity. The prepared nanoparticles were spherical morphology with an average size of 293.7 nm and a Zeta potential of +30.72 mV. The in vitro release studies showed that the controlled release of IBU from the nanoparticles was followed.
Study on Photodynamic Therapy for HL60 Cells Inactivation by Visible Light-Induced Fe-Doped Nano-TiO2 under Magnetic Field
Authors: Xiong Yu Ying , Liang Cui Fen , Xiao Hua , Xiong Jian Wen
Published: November 2010

Fe-doped TiO2 was prepared by a homogenous precipitation method and characterized by XRD, UV-Vis DRS. The structure and the optical properties of nano-TiO2 with different Fe doping content were studied, as well as the effect and the possible mechanics of different intensity of TiO2 particles, Fe-doped nano-TiO2 particles on the activity of HL60 leukemic cells. The influence on the activity of cells exposures in light compared with un-exposure also be analysed. As the photo sensitizers, TiO2 and Fe-doped TiO2 particles eliminated tumor cell using photodynamic therapy(PDT)under magnetic field.
Study on the Supramolecular Interaction of Curcumin and RM-β-CD-m
Authors: Kuang Chun Tao , Li Xiang Zhou , Wang Ye , He Yi Chang , Guo Yuan Liang
Published: November 2010

The supramolecular interaction of curcumin and RM-β-CD-m was studied by spectrophotometry, and the apparent formation constant for curcumin-RM-β-CD-m complex was determined. The results showed that a 1:1 complex between curcumin and RM-β-CD-m was formed, and the apparent formation constants increase with the increase of reaction temperature. The thermodynamic parameters, standard free energy (ΔG°), enthalpy (ΔH°) and entropy (ΔS°) for complex formation of curcumin with RM-β-CD-m were calculated. ΔG° value indicates that the complex formation is a spontaneous, endothermic process, and the main driving force for complex formation is entropy. The inclusion complex was confirmed by infrared spectrum (IR).
In Situ Fabrication and Properties of (Al3Ti)P/6351 Composites
Authors: Li Gui Rong , Zhao Yu Tao , Wang Hong Ming , Chen Gang
Published: November 2010

(Al3Ti)p/6351 composites were in situ synthesized via direct melt reaction between 6351 wrought aluminum alloy and K2TiF6 at 720°C. OM, SEM and EDS are utilized to analyze the microstructure and components of composites. The fusing agents of CaF2 and LiCl are mixed with K2TiF6 to lower the temperature of initial in situ reaction. The volume fraction of Al3Ti is 3%.The size of Al3Ti is in the range of 2~4μm, which is much lowered than that fabricated by conventional process. Due to the calcium element from CaF2 the size of Mg2Si phases are decreased to 1~2μm.The microns of independent silicon phases are also observed in the squeezed section. The grain size of α-Al is fined to 30~40μm, which is due to the disperse effect of Al3Ti. The tensile, yield properties and elongation are at room temperature are 365MPa, 320MPa and 10.2%.
Study on the Thermal Decomposition Behavior of MgAl-Hydrotalcite Compounds
Authors: Yao Run Sheng , Wu Xu , Du Ya Li , Xie Xian Mei , Wang Zhi Zhong
Published: November 2010

MgAl-hydrotalcite compounds (MgAl-HT) with different n(Mg)/n(Al) ratios were synthesized by coprecipitation method. XRD and FT-IR were performed to characterize the structure of MgAl-HT. TG-DTG technology was adopted to study the thermal decomposition behavior. It was discovered that the thermal decomposition proceeded in two stages when the ratios of n(Mg) toward n(Al) being to 2~4. The kinetic parameters of the thermal decomposition procedure were also calculated by Ozawa method, which demonstrated that the value of active energy showed dynamic distribution. At each step of the decomposition behavior, the value of active energy decreased at first and then rose. The value of active energy for the deformation of the water in the interlayer was located within 45~90 kJ•mol-1 and within 150~230 kJ•mol-1 for the deformation of structure hydroxyl. Those characteristics were discussed and explained according to relative theory.
Inclusion Process of Curcuminoid-β-Cyclodextrin Complex and its Stability
Authors: Li Xiang Zhou , Kuang Chun Tao , Yang Jun Jun , Guo Yuan Liang , Yang Yan Hong
Published: November 2010

Curcuminoid is an important natural product, but it is water insoluble, and sensitive to light, pH, solvent system, and oxygen.The inclusion process of curcuminoid-β-CD complex was investigated by the orthogonal experiment, and the stability of curcuminoid-β-CD complex was studied under different conditions. The results show that the encapsulation rate is 87.34% under optimized conditions of temperature 50 , time 1.5 h and material ratio 1:30(wcurcuminoid : wβ-CD). The stability of curcuminoid-β-cyclodextrin complex increases compared to curcuminoid. Therefore, the complex formation of curcuminoid with β-CD is an effective method to improve the stability of curcuminoid.
Performance of the Self-Breathing Air Direct Methanol Fuel Cell with Modified Poly (Vinylidene Fluoride) Grafted onto a Blended Polystyrene Sulfonated Acid (m-PVDF-g-PSSA) Membranes
Authors: Guo Gui Bao , Jie Rui Hua , An Sheng Li
Published: November 2010

This paper reports performance date for the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) with membrane electrode assemblies using modified poly (vinylidene fluoride) grafted the blended polystyrene sulfonated acid membranes (m-PVDF-g-PSSA) based on modified PVDF (poly vinylidene fluoride ) and the bended PSSA (polystyrene sulphonated acid). The membrane exhibited low methanol permeation coefficient, and good proton-conductivity. Furthermore, these materials have potentially lower methanol cross-over when compared to standard Nafion-type membranes. The membranes electrode assemblies were based on Nafion®-bonded carbon-supported catalyst: platinum/ruthenium for the anode and platinum for the cathode. The catalyst layer was coated directly on the treated membrane. To simulate the practical application, unit cell operates at room temperature and ambient pressure using liquid methanol and ambient air. A methanol solution is filled in the feed reservoir, and the cathode is exposed to ambient air. The cell performance of the self-breathing air DMFC, for short duration (<100h) testing, with the low cost membranes is superior to that of cells based on Nafion under identical operating conditions.
Effect of Temperature and Inoculation on Structure Property of Chilled Cast Iron Camshaft
Authors: Mi Guo Fa , He Bin Feng , Wang You Chao
Published: November 2010

The structural properties of camshaft were affected by many factors such as pouring temperature and inoculation which were studied in this paper. The results showed that with the increase of the pouring temperature, the chilled depth and hardness decrease. However, at a very low pouring temperature, the cooling velocity was fast and the formation of dissociative carbonide precipitate was easily; even the whole cam may become white iron, so the optimal pouring temperature is 1375 -1450 . Moreover, when the bearing location of camshaft is less than 15% carbonide, reducing the inoculants contents may cause the graphite amount decreasing, and the improvement of chilled hardness. While, reducing the amount of inoculants can improve the chilled sensibility of molten metal, which is favorable for production control. The experimental results showed that the optimum adding content is no more than 0.3% Si-Ba.
Combined Fireproof and Stuffing Materials Applied to Through-Floor Pipes
Authors: Kao Shih Feng , Wu Yu Shiang , Huang Chi Jan
Published: November 2010

This study tested four types of fireproof and stuffing materials, including firestop sheets, silicone fire barrier sealant, mineral wool batt, and double agent fire barrier foam, on through-floor pipes and walls. Based on the specifications of the American society for testing and materials (ASTM) E84, a 10 min substrate surface burning test was conducted to test fireproof and stuffing materials. The results indicated that the level of fireproof material substrates reached the level of class A in ASTM E84. Combination methods A and B were tested by 180 min heating for specimens, according to the ASTM E814 standard temperature-time (T-t) heating curve, followed by the water spraying test. The results showed that methods A and B have 180 min of fire prevention effects (F rating), and method B can achieve 180 min of heat prevention effects (T rating).
Capacitive Behavior of MnO2 Nanowires Prepared by Hydrothermal Synthesis Method
Authors: Deng Mei Gen , Chen Ying Fang
Published: November 2010

KMnO4 and MnSO4 were used to prepare MnO2 nanowires for supercapacitors hydrothermal synthesis method. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), N2 adsorption-desorption and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to analyze the as prepared MnO2. Electrochemical performance of MnO2 was characterized by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge. The results showed that the nanowires were α-MnO2 with a diameter of 30 to 40 nm. The specific surface area and mean pore diameter was 164.5 m2g-1 and 3.1 nm, respectively. In an electrolyte of 1 molL-1 (NH4)2SO4, the MnO2 had typical capacitive characterization in the potential region of –0.4～0.5V(vs. SCE). At a current density of 10 mAcm-2, a specific capacitance of 466 Fg-1 was achieved. Supercapacitors based on the nanowires exhibited high cycling efficiency
Regeneration of Bagasse Cellulose by Ionic Liquid
Authors: Li Ji Hua , Tang Yong Fu , Chen Jia Cui , Cao Yu Po , Huang Mao Fang , Fu Tiao Kun , Su Jun Bo
Published: November 2010

Bagasse is an abundant agricultural byproduct. The use of bagasse has generated much interest due to its low cost, possibility of environmental protection and use of locally available renewable resources. In this paper, cellulose was dissolved in the ionic liquid （1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride） and regenerated in water. FT-IR and SEM were used to characterize the structure of the original and regenerated cellulose. It was found that the treatment of the original cellulose in the ionic liquid significantly degraded the cellulose and completely destroyed the cellulose crystals. Despite many studies of the chemical modification of cellulose published around the world in this area, only a few have been investigated about the regeneration of sugarcane bagasse. Theoretical basis was established for further research on the application of the regenerated cellulose in material science.
Process of In Situ Cr Oxidation in Cu-Cr Pre-Alloyed Powders
Authors: Liang Shu Hua , Wang Xian Hui , Zou Jun Tao , Xiao Peng
Published: November 2010

The in-situ oxidation technique is an effective method of synthesizing copper matrix composites reinforced by oxide dispersion. In this study, the process of fabricating Cu/Cr2O3 composite by Cr in-situ oxidation in Cu-Cr pre-alloyed powders was investigated. The evolution of the structure formed in the processing of Cu/Cr2O3 composites was characterized by optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that the sub-solution Cu-Cr alloy powders can be produced by high energy milling, in which Cr powders are first crushed into fine particulates, followed by the formation of Cr sub-solution in copper under the extrusion and impact of high energy grinding balls. In the Cu/Cr2O3 composite fabricated by the Cu-Cr pre-alloyed powders, the Cr2O3 particulates produced exist almost in the original sites of the Cr, and they are dispersed uniformly within the Cu matrix. The distribution of Cr2O3 particulates is similar to that in the full solid solution Cu-Cr powders.
Morphological Control Synthesis and Characterization of Hydroxyapatite with Star-Shaped
Authors: Guo Ya Jie , Wang Yu Ran , Wang Guang Jian , Yang Zhen Xing , Ji Wen Wen
Published: November 2010

The aim of the present work was to study the feasibility of wet synthesizing hydroxyapatite (HAP) with star-like and high specific surface area. HAP was synthesized by one-step self-assembly process in ionic liquid media under microwave irradiation, and treated at 300, 600, 900 , respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis revealed that HAP was pure crystal phase. Nitrogen adsorption and desorption isotherms (NADI) with a characteristic hysteresis loop further confirmed the existence of uniform micropores or channels of HAP. The BET surface area, pore volume, and pore size distribution were calculated to be 324m2g-1, 0.39cm3g-1, and 3.28 nm, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicated that the HAP was of star-shaped morphology. The formation of HAP could be explained by functional ionic liquid as structure-directing template. Well-ordered mesostructure of HAP with star-like might be therefore used as a potential biomaterial for preparation of bone implant materials.
Research on Rheological and Thermal Properties of P(3HB-4HB)/PEG and the Preparation for Fiber
Authors: Guo Jing , Zheng Nan , Zhang Sen
Published: November 2010

3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate [P(3HB-4HB)] is one of polyhydroxyalkanoates which is biodegradable and biocompatible, and is one of the hot issues of the biodegradable materials research. But the degradation will occur at high temperature and shear rate. So P(3HB-4HB) is modified with PEG10000 by means of a mechanical blending. In this research, capillary rheometer and TGA are applied to investigate its rheological and thermal behaviors. The technology of melt spinning is also studied and the P(3HB-4HB)/PEG10000 fiber with a certain mechanical property is obtained successfully. Electronic velocimeter and electronic single end yarn strength tester are applied to investigate the mechanical property of the fiber. The result of TG indicates that the addition of PEG10000 improves the thermal stability of P(3HB-4HB). The result of capillary rheometer shows that P(3HB-4HB)/PEG10000 is pseudoplasticfluid. Because of the addition of PEG10000, the non-Newtonian index n of the P(3HB-4HB)/PEG10000 sample increases and the flow activation energy of the P(3HB-4HB)/PEG10000 sample decreases. The result of fiber strength test shows that the addition of PEG10000 has an impact on the mechanical property of the fiber and the lowest fiber strength appeared when PEG10000 content was P(3HB-4HB)/PEG=100/6. The moisture regain ratio increases with the content of PEG10000 rising. And when PEG10000 content is P(3HB-4HB)/PEG=100/2, the highest degree of orientation of fiber appears.
The Corrosion Behavior about Two Ni-Based Alloys in CO2 / H2S Environments
Authors: Zhao Xue Hui , Bai Zhen Quan , Lin Kai , Han Yan
Published: November 2010

Today’s global exploration of oil and gas leads to a range of highly corrosive environment that, in turn, require corrosion resistant high nickel content alloys for Oil Country Tubular Goods. Aimed at the problem of oil tube corrosion in environment with high content of H2S and CO2, the corrosion behavior of two nickel based alloys in 15%NaCl solution containing H2S/CO2 in high temperature and high pressure environments were researched. The pitting corrosion behavior of Ni-based alloys were investigated in FeCl3 solution by polarization curve and immersion test. The scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energy disperse spectroscopy(EDS) were applied to analyse the microstructure and corrosion performance of the samples. The results showed that the pitting-resistant of G3 was superior to Incoloy825.With the experimental temperature increasing, the corrosion rates increased and some slight corrosion pits appeared on the surface of Incoloy 825, Its maximum corrosion rate was 0.018mm/a. XRD showed that the corrosion films formed on nickel base alloys were consist of NiS, FeS and the oxides of Ni and Cr. The polarization curves showed that there were different corrosion behavior of two alloys, the anodic curve of G3 has an obvious passivation region, and there has higher pitting potential .
Effects to Active Composition of Tibetan Medicinal Materials with Twinkling Ultrasonic Cavitation
Authors: Wang Bao Qiang , Yang Liang Liang
Published: November 2010

To get higher rate of medicinal active ingredients of Tibetan medicine, the high-energy ultrasonic extraction technology is used. But the effect mechanism of acoustic cavitation to the chemical structure of the drugs is not clear yet. It is because that the theoretical and experimental researches are not enough. The research contents: the impact mechanism of HI ultrasound to the chemical structure of extracts should be tested comparing with other extraction technology, and the chemical composition of extracts with the different sound field parameters, media conditions, and process parameters. The methods: the chemical structures of active ingredients of extracts are detected by means of HPLC with the HI ultrasonic and reflux boiling extraction technologies; ultrasonic type, frequency and power density are repeatedly adjust respectively; the ③changes of the chemical constituents of the Tibetan medicine extracts are detected. The optimized acoustic parameters are obtained. Based on the findings above, the symmetrical collective and high intensity ultrasound is established. The results: the bio-pharmaceutical active ingredients of Tibetan medicine will not be compromised with the ultrasonic extraction; the ability of SCHIU extraction of Tibetan medicine is 3 to 4 times more than conventional ultrasound extraction with the same extracting rate.
Effects of Fiber Mass Fraction and Alkali Concentration on Mechanical Properties of Biodegradable Composites
Authors: Qin Zhi Yong , Wu Yi Qiang , Li Xin Gong , Qing Yan
Published: November 2010

Biodegradable composites of polylactic acid reinforced with wood fiber are fabricated by using twin screw extruder followed by the injection molding machine. The effects of fiber mass fraction and alkali concentration on mechanical properties of biodegradable composites are investigated. The results show that the mechanical properties of biodegradable composites presented tendency which reduced first, elevated, and again reduced along with fiber mass fraction increased, after the alkali treatment, the mechanical properties of biodegradable composites have the tendency which increased first and then reduced, when the concentration of alkali solution is 8%, both the tensile strength and impact strength are best. The scanning electron microscope and Infrared Spectrum Analysis are also used for examination of biodegradable composites.
Forecasting of Cutting Forces in Dental Adjustment of Ceramic Prostheses Using an Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Peng Jian Hui , Song Xiao Fei , Yin Ling
Published: November 2010

Intraoral adjustment of ceramic prostheses involving cutting process is a central procedure in restorative dentistry because the quality of ceramic prostheses depends on the cutting process. In this paper, an artificial neural network (ANN) model was developed for the first time to forecast the dynamic forces in dental cutting process as functions of clinical operational parameters. The predicted force values were compared with the measured values in in vitro dental cutting of porcelain prostheses obtained using a novel two-degrees-of-freedom computer-assisted testing apparatus with a high-speed dental handpiece and diamond burs. The results indicate that there existed nonlinear relationships between the cutting forces and clinical operational parameters. It is found that the ANN-forecasted forces were in good agreement with the experiment-measured values. This indicates that the established ANN model can provide insights into the force-related process assessment and forecast for clinical dental cutting of ceramic prostheses.
Research on Corrosion Fractal Character of LY12CZ Aluminum Alloy Based on Image Processing Technique
Authors: Mu Zhi Tao , Zhu Zuo Tao , Chen Ding Hai , Zhang Fu Gao
Published: November 2010

The number of corrosion pits with different corrosion times were got through extracting the corrosion character of LY12CZ aluminum alloy based on binary image disposal technique, through statistical fractal theory we can see that the distribution of corrosion pits have fractal character; the fractal dimension and weight loss rate increased with the corrosion time and the change rule of fractal dimension with different corrosion time consistent with weight loss rate, both are accordant with power function, so the fractal dimension can be regarded as an important parameter to evaluate the corrosion degree.
Modeling of Drug Release from Matrix Tablets with Process Variables of Microwave-Assisted Modification of Arrowroot Starch Using Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Piriyaprasarth Suchada , Sriamornsak Pornsak , Juttulapa Maneerat , Puttipipatkhachorn Satit
Published: November 2010

The objective of this study was to model the drug release property in terms of process variables of microwave-assisted modification of arrowroot starch using artificial neural network (ANN). The water content, microwave power and heating time were used as process variables for modification of arrowroot starch and the mean dissolution time was used as dependent variable. The correlation between process variables and dependent variable was examined using feed-forward back-propagation neural networks. The ANN model was optimized by considering goodness-of-fit and crossvalidated predictability. A “leave-one-out” cross-validation revealed that the neural network model could predict MDT values from matrix tablets with a reasonable accuracy (predictive r2 of 0.824 and predictive root mean square error of 19.53). The predictive ability of these models was validated by a set of 4 formulations that were not included in the training set. The predicted and observed MDT were well correlated.
Preparation and In Vitro Evaluation of Carboxymethyl Konjac Glucomannan Coated 5-Aminosalicylic Acid Tablets for Colonic Delivery
Authors: Long Xiao Yan , Luo Xue Gang , Zou Neng Wu , Ma Yong Hong
Published: November 2010

Konjac Glucomannan(KGM) was denatured by Carboxylmethylation to prepare Carboxymethyl konjac glucomannan(CMKGM) as coating material of 5-aminosalicylic acid(5-ASA) tablets. The 5-ASA release properties of the tablets were measured in vitro in the gastrointestinal tract simulation environment and in buffer solutions with β-mannase of pH 6.8 at 37 ± 0.5 degrees. The properties of the CMKGM were analyzed by FTIR spectra, viscosity measurement and swelling measurement. The integrality of the 5-ASA was investigated by ultraviolet spectrometry. The viscosity and swelling showed that CMKGM has lower swelling and lower viscosity compared to KGM. 5-ASA was released least in stimulating gastric environment and in pH 6.8 phosphate buffers,while the preparation was fast released in pH 6.8 phosphate buffers with β-mannase. The preparation was released 14% after 4 hours in pH 6.8 phosphate buffers , at the same time the preparation in pH 6.8 phosphate buffers with 0.2u ml-1 β-mannase was released 97% in 12 hours.The results suggested that CMKGM may be a useful carrier of 5 –ASA for colon-specific delivery. It has a potential use for advanced controlled release.
Finite Element Analysis on Structural Stress of Large Format InSb Infrared Focal Plane Array
Authors: Meng Qing Duan , Lin Qing Song , Zhang Xiao Lei , Sun Wei Guo
Published: November 2010

Two-step method is used to research stress and its distribution in 64×64 InSb infrared focal plane array (IRFPA) employing finite element method. First, a small 8×8 InSb IRFPA is studied by changing indium bump diameters from 24μm to 36μm, with indium bump thickness 20μm and InSb thickness 10μm, the simulated results show that von Mises stress in InSb chip is dependent on indium bump diameters, the varying tendency is just like the letter V, here when indium bump diameters is set to 30μm, the smallest von Mises stress is achieved and its distribution in InSb chip is uniform at contacting areas. Then, InSb IRFPA array scale is doubled once again from 8×8 to 64×64 to learn the effect from array size, thus, the stress and its distribution of 64×64 InSb IRFPA is obtained in a short time. Simulation results show that von Mises stress maximum in InSb chip and Si readout integrated circuit almost do not increases with array scale, and the largest von Mises stress is located in InSb chips. Besides, stress distribution on the bottom surface of InSb chip is radiating, and decreases from core to four corners, and stress value at contacting area is smaller than those on its surrounding areas, contrary to stress distribution on top surface of InSb chip.
Alginate-Chitosan Microspheres for Controlled Release of Tea Polyphenol
Authors: Wang An Na , Wu Li Gen , Jia Lin Lu , Li Xiu Ling , Sun Yu Dan
Published: November 2010

Tea polyphenol loaded alginate-chitosan microspheres were prepared by ionic gelation method for controlling tea polyphenol release by using various combinations of chitosn and Ca2+ as cation and alginate as anion.Scanning electron microscopy were used to investigate the surface characteristics of tea polyphenol loaded microspheres. These microencapsulated beads were evaluated as a pH-sensitive system for delivery of tea polyphenol. The main advantage of this system is that all procedures used were performed in aqueous medium which may preserve the tea polyphenol bioactivity. At pH7.4, the amounts of tea polyphenol released increased significantly as compared to those released at pH1.2. It is evident that the rate of tea polyphenol release could be controlled by changing the chitosan and the calcium chloride concentrations.
Study on Glycoprotein in Kiwifruit
Authors: Wu Li Gen , Wang An Na , Jia Lin Lu , Li Xiu Ling , Sun Yu Dan , Xu Xiang Ying
Published: November 2010

Two fractions, such as Fr1-3 and Fr2-2, were obtain after separating and purifing crude kiwifruit glycoprotein by using Sepharose Cl-6B gel column and DEAE Sepharose Cl-6B ion exchange column. In the UV and Infrared Spectroscopy of Fr1-3 and Fr2-2, the characteristic absorption peaks of sugar and protein were both found.The molecular weight of Fr1-3 is 30497，the molecular weight of Fr2-2 is 28567. Both of Fr1-3 and Fr2-2 have 17 amino acids, However, the amino acid content of them is different.
Explore the Effects of Magnetic Field Intensity Change on Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans Growth and Magnetism
Authors: Wang Lin , Li Hong Xu , Guo Yun Chi , Li An
Published: November 2010

All the times we study a lot about Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (A.f) in mineral leaching, but when it is discovered that it can synthesize magnetosomes(Ms) in its body, researchers start to pay attention to its synthesis mechanism of Ms, while there is still few studies about the influence to A.f by external environment change. This article mainly aims at exploring the influence on A.f growth and magnetism under the outside magnetic field strength change. The findings show that not all A.f can synthesize magnetic substance. Under the most primary culture, there are few thalli can synthesize Ms; magnetic field at about 5mT, 10mT may promote thalli growth (quantity); magnetic field at about 25mT and 30mT may be harmful or beneficial to thalli response to time length; magnetic field at about 15mT, 20mT, 35mT, 40mT, 50mT may restrain thalli growth and reduce thalli activeness.
Numerical Simulation of the Reflective Crack Propagation Path for Open-Graded Large Stone Asphalt Mixes
Authors: Guo Hong Bing , Chen Shuan Fa
Published: November 2010

Numerical Simulation of the Reflective Crack Propagation Path for Open-graded Large Stone Asphalt Mixes
Solvent-Assisted Self-Assembly of ZnO Nanoparticles on Mica and its Characterization
Authors: Zhou Hua Lan , Zou Zhong , Wu Sha , Shi Wen Jian
Published: November 2010

Ordered nanostructure arrangement directly from solution onto surface is one of the important methods to synthesis advanced materials. In this paper, solvent-assisted self-assembly of ZnO nanoparticles on mica was investigated. Results showed ZnO nanoparticles were closely linked to each other and formed fork-like nanostructures on mica. ZnO nanostructures were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The possible mechanism of nanoparticle self-assembly was given. The decrease of solvent density led to the aggregation of nanoparticles. It may provide a simple and effective method to construct nanostructures.
Polyaniline/Epoxy Composite Emulsion Coatings for Anticorrosion to Mild Steel
Authors: Li Yu Feng , Yang Liu , Gao Xiao Hui , Zeng Zhao Po
Published: November 2010

Doped water-dispersible polyaniline (PANI) emulsion were synthesized by emulsion polymerization in aqueous medium and characterized by dc conductivity and Transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results showed the PANI has bar-like shape and the diameter is about 200nm. The composite anticorrosion coatings of PANI emulsion and waterborne epoxy resin emulsion (EP) were prepared by mixture in aqueous medium and used for corrosion protection of mild steel. Open circuit potential (OCP) and Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) demonstrated that the PANI/EP composite coatings have better anticorrosion properties than EP. It’s impedance and corrosion potential is higher. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) showed that the oxidation film formed on the metal surface and prevent corrosion effectively. The anticorrosion coatings are environmental friendly because of water dispersion medium.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Magnesium Alloy AZ81 with Yttrium
Authors: Zhang Qing , Li Quan An , Jing Xiao Tian , Zhang Xing Yuan
Published: November 2010

The effects of yttrium on the microstructure and mechanical properties of magnesium alloy AZ81 have been investigated by alloy preparation, microstructure analysis and tensile tests. The results show that proper content of yttrium addition can obviously refine the microstructure of magnesium alloy AZ81, reduce the amount of β-Mg17Al12 phase, lead to the precipitation of Al2Y phase and improve the mechanical properties. After solid solution and aging treatment, the tensile strength and elongation of the alloy increase at first and then decrease with the increase of yttrium content, and reach the maxima at 2%Y. At room temperature, the maxima are 277MPa and 10.9% respectively. At 150 , the maxima are 220MPa and 12.4% respectively.
Titania-Phosphotungstic Acid Nanocomposites Dispersed Homogeneously in Mesopores as the Recyclable Photocatalyst
Authors: Zhou Hua Lan , Wu Sha , Zou Zhong , Qin Qin , Shi Wen Jian
Published: November 2010

Heterogeneous photocatalytic materials, titania–phosphotungstic acid nanocomposites in the mesopores of SBA-15 (TiO2-H4PW12O40/SBA15) were prepared by sol–gel method. Compositions and structures of the nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-visible absorption spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Uniform mesoporous SBA15 consisting of long-range channels provides the immobilization of titania-phosphotungstic acid nanocomposites. The photocatalytic activity of the prepared TiO2-H4PW12O40/SBA15 powders was evaluated from an analysis of the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange. The results indicated that photocatalytic activity increased with the amount of H4PW12O40 from 0% to 10% and decreased when the amount of H4PW12O40 was above 10%. It is due to the synergetic reaction of H4PW12O40 and TiO2. However, much more H4PW12O40 can occupy the active center of TiO2. TiO2 can inhibit the decomposition of H4PW12O40 in the TiO2-H4PW12O40/SBA15 composites. On the other hand, H4PW12O40 repressed the TiO2 particle growth during calcination process. The composite catalyst also had the advantage of easily being recovered and reused.
An Experimental Study of Bipolar Pulse Electroforming Nickel
Authors: Huang Chao , Li Hong You , Zeng Hao Ping , Shi Yu Ying , Jiang Kai Yong
Published: November 2010

An experimental study of bipolar pulse electroforming nickel is presented in this paper. Based on the principles of electric double layer and double diffusing layer, the advantages of pulse electroforming over direct current electroforming, bipolar pulse electroforming over single pulse and pulse-reverse current were explained in the view of microcosmic. The influence of major technological parameters on the process of electroforming was investigated. The experimental results indicate that the the quality and precision of the electroformed coating, as well as the mechanical properties of electroformed parts, can be improved, with the bipolar pulse power.
Study on Structure and Magnetization of Spinel Ferrites
Authors: Zhang Bian Fang , Yan Zong Lin
Published: November 2010

NiFe2O4, ZnFe2O4 and Ni0.64Zn0.36Fe2O4 were prepared by a chemical co-precipitation method. The positive ferrite ZnFe2O4 usually exhibits antiferromagnetism. The magnetization of Ni0.64Zn0.36Fe2O4 is much larger than that of NiFe2O4, which can be explained by doping with nonmagnetic cations or cations with weak magnetization in an inverse spinal ferrite if these cations occupy A sites, the magnetic moment of Fe3+ ions at the B sites would be oriented in the same direction. Experimental values found for the molecular magnetic moments of NiFe2O4 and Ni0.64Zn0.36Fe2O4 were lower than their theoretic values because surface structure defects resulted in a magnetic spin glass structure.
Integrated Innovative Technology for Micro-Manufacturing Based on Precision Cutting and Thin Films Deposition
Authors: Yu Bin Bin , Yuan Jun Tang , Hu Xiao Qiu
Published: November 2010

Stating and analyzing the two existing microminiature manufacturing technology, an integrated innovation technology is proposed, based precision cutting technology and thin films technology, with other advanced technology such as precise measurement. The precise and miniaturized parts with three-dimensional complex structure can be manufactured by this technology. The technology not only improves the manufacturing accuracy and surface quality, but also implements batch production. The feasibility of new method is verified by the dimensional chain theory, and the challenge and development prospect is simply summarized.
Corrosion Inhibition Mechanism of Magnetic Field on Carbon Steel
Authors: Zhang Peng , Chen Gang , Guo Bin , Cheng Shu Kang
Published: November 2010

The current research explores the effect of alternating magnetic field on corrosion rate and products compositions of 45 steel, by use of electrochemical test, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The calculated inhibition efficiency of the alternating magnetic field based on electrochemical corrosion rate is up to 16.66%. Electrochemical corrosion morphology and surface products were also discussed. The surface of specimen is uniform and compact in magnetized sea water relation to that in 3.5% NaCl solution and sea water. The corrosion products of 45 steel in sea water are FeCl2•4H2O, Fe(OH)3 and FeOOH. However, the corrosion products of 45 steel in magnetized sea water are FeOOH, Fe3O4 and FeCl3•6H2O chiefly.
Research about Online Inspection System for the Assembly Quality of Automobile Gearbox Sliding Bracket
Authors: Zhu Chun Dong , Guo Fei , Wei Bo
Published: November 2010

Gearbox sliding bracket is an important component of Automobile Gearbox. Because it has many parts which have little difference in shape and size, it is very easy to make mistake in assembly parts of this component. Due to mass production, it is high time to develop an online inspection system for the aseembly quality. Analysis the assembly characteristic of the component, this paper develop an online inspection system which is mainly composed of a central control system(CCS) and a sensor. Under the command of the CCS, the sensor is able to automatically inspect the component’s parts of which are wrong assmbly, reverse assembly and missing assmbly. Also the sensor can send the inspection information to the CCS. Subsequently, the CCS judges the information and dispalys the judgment result in time. At the same time, through the network, it is able to send the assembly quality information to the enterprise quality management system, such as the eligible amount, the reject amount, the qualification rate. This online automatic inspection system has run in good condition since it was officially put into operation at 2007 and its accuracy comes up to 100%.
Study on Bio-Hydrogen Production of Different Fermentation Types
Authors: Liu Kun , Jiao An Ying , Yue Li Ran , Li Yong Feng
Published: November 2010

By the researches and analyses of the fermentation type in the bio-hydrogen production system, ethanol-type fermentation bacteria had the largest H2-production capability, butyric acid type fermentation bacteria took the second place, and propionic acid-type fermentation bacteria had the least H2-poduction capability. When the organic loading rate (OLR) is 24kgCOD/m3•d, HRT is 8h and temperature is 35 °C, the highest hydrogen production capability corresponding were 4.2, 1.3 and 0.018 mol•kg MLVSS−1•d−1, so ethanol-type fermentation was optimal type for hydrogen production.
Phase Transformation and Properties under Different Quenching Mediums of a X120 Pipeline Steel
Authors: Zhou Min , Du Lin Xiu , Liu Xiang Hua , Zhang Kai
Published: November 2010

The microstructure, CVN toughness and micro-hardness of an X120 pipeline steel were investigated by metalloscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) etc. It showed that the microstructure evolved from lathe martensite, lathe bainite to granular bainite and polygonal ferrite, the size of M-A islands increased. With cooling velocity increasing, the CVN toughness at -20 was fluctuating, and reaching its peak in the steel cooled in oil had the best toughness, while the steel cooled in furnace was brittle at -20 . With cooling velocity decreasing, the micro-hardness of the steel decreased, whereas, the micro-hardness of the steel cooled in furnace increased slightly.
Spline Subdomain Approach to Thermal Conduction Problem for Composite with Rectangular Shape Particle
Authors: Zhang Mei , Zhai Peng Cheng
Published: November 2010

In this paper the spline subdomain approach is applied to the 2D simulations of the temperature distributions for composites containing a single rectangular particle with an interfacial thermal resistance at the interface between the particle and matrix. The bicubic B-splines are used to construct the trial functions for the approximations of the potential fields of composites. Applying the weighted residual point collocation method inside each subdomain and also on the boundaries between different subdomains, a system of linear algebraic equations is set up to determine the unknowns of the trial functions. The temperature distributions both inside the rectangular particle and along the interfaces under different interfacial contact conditions can be simulated approximately. Numerical results which are compared with the available solutions obtained by FEM method illustrate the accuracy and suitability of the present approach for steady-state conduction. Even in the adjacent areas of corners in the rectangular particle, the simulation results are also satisfactory.