bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Toward a General Parameterization of the Warm Dark Matter Halo Mass Function
Authors: Lovell Mark R.
Published: July 2020

Studies of flux anomalies statistics and perturbations in stellar streams have the potential to constrain models of warm dark matter (WDM), including sterile neutrinos. Producing these constraints requires a parameterization of the WDM mass function relative to that of the cold dark matter (CDM) equivalent. We use five WDM models with half-mode masses, M
hm = [1.3,35] × 108

, spread across simulations of the Local Group, lensing ellipticals and the z = 2 universe, to generate such a parameterization: we fit parameters to a functional form for the WDM-to-CDM halo mass function ratio,

, of

. For M

X
≡ virial mass of central halos we obtain α = 2.3, β = 0.8, and γ = −1.0, and this fit is steeper than the extended Press–Schechter formalism predicts. For M

X
≡ mass of subhalos we instead obtain α = 4.2, β = 2.5, and γ = −0.2; in both mass definitions the scatter is ∼20%. The second fit typically underestimates the relative abundance of z = 2 WDM subhalos at the tens of percent level. We caution that robust constraints will require bespoke simulations and a careful definition of halo mass, particularly for subhalos of mass <108

.
The Effectively of Papaya Consumption (Carica papaya Linn.), Vitamin C, and Fe Tablets in Improving Hemoglobin Levels for Adolescent Girls with Anemia in Polytechnic of Health-Ministry of Health, Aceh
Authors: Nurhasanah Cut , Yushida Yushida , Hanum Nisrina
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND: Anemia is a nutritional problem that affects the amount of hemoglobin in red blood cells experienced by many young women in the Polytechnic of Health-Ministry of Health. Aceh. One of the alternatives for preventing and controlling anemia is to consume papaya fruit and tablet extraction.
AIM: Analyzing the benefits of taking Papaya (Carica papaya Linn.) Vitamin C and Fe tablet to increase hemoglobin levels in anemia adolescent girls.
METHODS: About 45 participants were involved. They were divided into three groups for 15 correspondents in each group. The participants with anemia were all girls who were students of Aceh Health Polytechnic. A quasi-experimental design was used with a non-randomized pretest-posttest control group design. The first group was given papaya and Fe treatment; then the second group was given Vitamin C and Fe treatment, and the third group was given Fe treatment. To analyze the data, univariate analysis and bivariable analysis were used to test paired t-test and one-way ANOVA.
RESULTS: The results show that there was an increase in hemoglobin levels in all groups (Papaya and Fe groups, Vitamin C and Fe, Fe). The statistical results of the one-way ANOVA test showed that there were significant differences in changes in hemoglobin levels (p > 0.05). The administration of papaya + Fe increases hemoglobin levels more than Vitamin C + Fe. The difference in average hemoglobin levels in each group due to the consumption of papaya containing Vitamin C together with Fe tablets was effective for increasing hemoglobin levels. This is in line with the prevention of anemia. Naturally, one of these can be done by eating fruits that contain lots of Vitamin C.
CONCLUSION: Giving papaya + Fe has been proven to be more effective in increasing hemoglobin levels in adolescent girls suffering from anemia.
Vitamin D and Hemostasis Parameters in Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis Coinfections
Authors: Erica Elrica , Sari Dina Keumala , Siregar Dewi Indah Sari , Mega Juli Yosa
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) remains one of the most common causes of Vitamin D deficiency and homeostasis disorders due to its progressiveness and complications.
AIM: This study aims to determine the relationship of Vitamin D levels with hemostasis in HIV/AIDS patients with and without pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), who were consuming efavirenz (EFV)-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) for <6 months, with or without rifampicin-based antituberculosis treatment.
METHODS: 25(OH)D concentration, prothrombin time (PT), and platelet index were measured in HIV/AIDS patients with and without pulmonary TB, who were consuming EFV-based ART for <6 months, with or without rifampicin-based antituberculosis treatment. This study was conducted in the Special Treatment Centers (Pusat Pelayanan Khusus, Pusyansus) Voluntary Counseling and Testing clinic at Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Haji Adam Malik, Medan, Indonesia, between August and October 2019.
RESULTS: We found no significant difference in terms of 25(OH)D concentration, PT, and platelet index between the two groups, except for platelet distribution width (PDW) differs significantly between HIV/AIDS-pulmonary TB group and HIV/AIDS only group (p = 0.026). We observed a significant difference in terms of mean platelet volume and PDW between baseline and after treatment for <6 months (p ≤ 0.05) in the HIV/AIDS-pulmonary TB group and in the HIV/AIDS only group. A significant difference was also observed in terms of platelet count (p = 0.021) before and after EFV-based ART for <6 months p ≤ 0.05) in the HIV/AIDS-pulmonary TB group.
CONCLUSION: There is no correlation between 25(OH)D concentration and PT or platelet index in HIV/AIDS patients with and without pulmonary TB who were consuming EFV-based ART- and rifampicin-based antituberculosis for <6 months.
Odontomachus davidsoni sp. nov. (Hymenoptera, Formicidae), a new conspicuous trap-jaw ant from Ecuador
Authors: Hoenle Philipp , Lattke John , Donoso David , von Beeren Christoph , Heethoff Michael , Schmelzle Sebastian , Argoti Adriana , Camacho Luis , Ströbel Bernhard , Blüthgen Nico
Published: July 2020

One of the largest species in its genus, Odontomachus davidsoni Hoenle, Lattke & Donoso, sp. nov. is described from workers and queens collected at lowland forests in the Chocó-Darién bioregion in coastal Ecuador. The workers are characterized by their uniform red coloration, their large size (16–18 mm body length), and their frontal head striation that reaches the occipital margin. DNA barcodes (COI) and high resolution 2D images of the type material are provided, as well as an updated key for the Neotropical species of Odontomachus. In addition, a three-dimensional digital model of the worker holotype and a paratype queen scanned with DISC3D based on photogrammetry is presented, for the first time in a species description. Findings of large and conspicuous new species are uncommon around the world and suggest that these Ecuadorian rainforests may conceal many more natural treasures that deserve conservation.
Five new species of Aspidiotini (Hemiptera, Diaspididae, Aspidiotinae) from Argentina, with a key to Argentine species
Authors: Schneider Scott A. , Claps Lucia E. , Wei Jiufeng , Normark Roxanna D. , Normark Benjamin B.
Published: July 2020

Five new species of armored scale insect from Argentina are described and illustrated based upon morphological and molecular evidence from adult females: Chortinaspis jujuyensissp. nov., Clavaspis patagonensissp. nov., Hemiberlesia ozolitasp. nov., Melanaspis lilloisp. nov., and Melanaspis targionoidessp. nov. The genera Chortinaspis and Melanaspis are recorded for the first time from this country. An identification key to all recorded species from tribe Aspidiotini occurring in Argentina is provided.
Cyanobacteria bloom variations and atmospheric variables, an environmental health contribution
Authors: Oliver Sofia Lizarralde , Ikefuti Priscilla Venâncio , Ribeiro Helena
Published: July 2020

Urbanization in river basins contributes to the anthropogenic eutrophication of their water bodies, leading to the proliferation of toxic algae such as cyanobacteria. There is a characteristic pattern of seasonality in algal blooms and cyanobacterial communities, although these algae may be present or even dominant for most of the year, causing practical problems associated with high cyanobacterial biomass and potential health threats. The increased concentration of toxins originating from these algae, cyanotoxins, in water-supply reservoirs puts the population at serious risk, since they are not removed by conventional treatment and filtration. This study analyzed possible associations between climate elements and cyanobacteria biomass in the Guarapiranga dam reservoir, located in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil. Meteorological variables were studied exclusively in relation to the cyanobacteria biomass, in order to perceive the influence of weather and climate in this complex system and to provide data for modeling future climate change scenarios. For this purpose, cyanobacteria count data were used for the period from 2010 to 2016, grouped by month, in addition to the atmospheric variables. The strongest correlation with the blooms was with Irradiation and Total Rainfall, explaining 30% of cases of the occurrence of cyanobacteria proliferation at the point of collection GU 101. Despite the notable influence of climatic seasonality on the algae blooms, this difference varies and is not homogeneous, depending on the location and the species studied.
Estimation of the Quantity of Water in the Abandoned Underground Mine of Gold Fields Ghana Limited Tarkwa: A Potential Source to Augment Water Supply to Tarkwa Municipality
Authors: Obosu J. K. , Kuma J. S. Y. , Buah W. K.
Published: July 2020

The Tarkwa district is an important gold mining area in the Southwestern part of Ghana. The main source of potable water supply to the Tarkwa Nsuaem Municipality is from the Bonsa River treatment plant managed by the Ghana Water Company Limited (GWCL). The River is under threat from serious contamination by illegal mining ("galamsey") activities within its catchment area. Consequently, the amount of water supplied to the Municipality has not kept pace with its growing population due to increasing treatment cost and supply difficulties. The need to find alternative and sustainable sources of potable water supply to augment that from GWCL to the Municipality has become imperative. A large void volume created as a result of the abandoned underground mine operated by Gold Fields Ghana Limited (GFGL), after its closure in 1999 has flooded. This potential water resource is being pumped out daily, and wasted, sometimes spilling-over to low lying areas around the mine when allowed to reach its decant level. This study estimated the quantity of water in the Abontiakoon Vertical Shaft (AVS) which is part of the large underground void using survey production figures and post-closure void filling parameters resulting in 2.8 x 106 m3 and 2.9 x 106 m3 respectively. The rate of recharge to the underground water was also estimated to ascertain the sustainability of the void water should it be considered for use by employing the model of predicting rebound on “void filling” basis and average dewatering rate before closure at 2 535 m3/day and 2 618 m3/day respectively; indicating that recharge to the AVS reservoir is about 6 x 106 gal/day or 30% of current daily water supply deficit in the TNM. The estimated potential volume of mine water in storage in the entire Tarkwa underground void is 32 x106 m3. Two samples of the mine water were taken in November 2011 and February 2015 for quality analysis, in order to have a fair knowledge of the water quality parameters. The quality of the underground water was found to be potentially good, and not likely to cause any health threats, or water quality problems. Depth sampling is recommended to determine the chemical profile of the reservoir. Keywords: Reservoir, Municipality, Bonsa River, Contamination, Tarkwa
Combined Electrical Resistivity Imaging and Electromagnetic Survey for Groundwater Studies in the Tarkwa Mining Area, Ghana
Authors: Seidu J. , Ewusi A. , Kuma J. S. Y.
Published: July 2020

The major source of potable water in Tarkwa is the Bonsa Treatment Plant sourced from the Bonsa River. The activities of illegal miners along the banks of the Bonsa River has resulted in pollution of the river. This has resulted in high treatment cost and irregular supply of water to the Tarkwa Township and surrounding communities that are fed by the Bonsa Treatment Plant. In view of the difficulty in getting frequent and regular potable supply of water, people have resorted to construction of boreholes and hand-dug wells. However, the success rates and borehole yields are low especially in the hydrogeologically difficult terrains in the Tarkwa area. The aim of this paper is to investigate the hydrogeological conditions of the Tarkwa area using both the Electrical Resistivity Imaging (ERI) and Electromagnetic (EM) geophysical techniques to determine the electrical resistivity and conductivity values that are related to groundwater accumulation, so that potential water-bearing zones can be identified. Results from electrical resistivity show that the general resistivity distribution in the Tarkwa area is between 32 Ωm and 100 000 Ωm. Water-bearing zones in the Huni Sandstone occur to a depth of 35 m with an average resistivity value of 400 Ωm, at a depth of 60 m and a resistivity of 600 Ωm in the Tarkwa Phyllite, at a depth of 55 m and a resistivity of 600 Ωm in the Banket Series and 50 m depth with resistivity value of 500 Ωm in the Kawere Conglomerate respectively. The electromagnetic conductivity values also show that the general conductivity distribution in the Tarkwa area is 3 – 32 S/m. The application of electrical resistivity and electromagnetic techniques separately gives success rate of 80 % and 65 % respectively. An improved success rate of 86 % is achieved combining the two techniques. Keywords: Electrical Resistivity Imaging, Electromagnetic Method, Groundwater
A Comparative Analysis of Rock Fragmentation using Blast Prediction Results
Authors: Agyei G. , Owusu-Tweneboah M.
Published: July 2020

This work presents prediction and optimisation of controllable parameters of drilling and blasting currently used at the Fobinso Pit of Perseus Mining Ghana Limited (PMGL). The mine faces challenges with blast particle sizes produced after primary blasting. The presence of boulders requires secondary fragmentation to further reduce the broken materials to the acceptable sizes, thereby increasing the cost of production. The mechanical properties of the rocks were determined using Protodyakonov Rock Strength Index. The drill and blast parameters were estimated using the Konya and Walter (1990), Principle of Proportionality, and Instituto Geologo Minero de España (IGME) model developed in 1987. The Modified Kuz-Ram model was used to predict and analyse the results of blasting based on the parameters such as spacing, burden, drillhole diameter, charge density, charge per hole, charge length, and powder factor. A comparative analysis of the predicted size distributions of the various models using diameters of 65 mm and 110 mm revealed no significant differences between the size fractions. The Principle of Proportionality produced the best technical and economic indices for blasting. Keywords: Fragmentation, Drilling Parameters, Primary Blasting, Models, Secondary Blasting
Flow Assurance in Subsea Pipeline Design - A Case Study of Ghana’s Jubilee and TEN Fields
Authors: Marfo S. A. , Opoku Appau P. , Acquah J. , Amarfio E. M.
Published: July 2020

The increasing exploration and production activities in the offshore Cape Three Point Blocks of Ghana have led to the discovery and development of gas condensate fields in addition to the oil fields which produce significant amount of condensate gas. These discoveries require pipelines to transport the fluids avoiding hydrates and wax formation. This paper focuses on subsea pipeline design using Pipesim software that addresses flow assurance problems associated with transporting condensate gas from the Jubilee and TEN Fields to the Atuabo Gas Processing Plant. It also considered an alternate design that eliminates the need for capacity increase of flowlines for the futuristic highest projected flow rates in 2030. The design comprises of two risers and two flowlines. Hydrate formation temperature was determined to be 72.5 ˚F at a pressure of 3 000 psig. The insulation thickness for flowlines 1 and 2 were determined to be 1.5 in. and 2 in. respectively. The pipe size for flowlines 1 and 2 were determined to be 12 in. and 14 in. respectively. The maximum designed flow rate was determined to be 150 MMSCFD. To meet the highest projected flow rate of 700 MMSCFD in the year 2030 at the processing plant, a 16 in. ID pipeline of 44 km length was placed parallel to the 12 in. ID flowline 1. This parallel pipeline increased the designed flow rate by approximately 4.7 times (705 MMSCFD). The alternate design employs 18 in. and 20 in. ID pipes for flowlines 1 and 2 respectively. Keywords: Condensate Gas; Flowline; Flow Assurance; Hydrate; Pipesim
Perfecting Rural Land Title for Wealth Creation and Sustainable Development
Authors: Asenso-Gyambibi D. , Affam M. , Amoafo E. Y.
Published: July 2020

AbstractPerfecting land title refers to the process of securing tenure on land. It refers to the assurance that the land one holds for an agreed period of time and purpose is certain. It requires a level of legitimacy. It is on record that agriculture, forestry and mining sectors constitute about 70% of Ghana’s gross domestic product. However, the lack of several large-scale plantations in Ghana can be partly attributed to the land tenure system. Land rights in rural communities are not secured in that the lands are not themselves well defined and rights are not documented. The study used modern survey methods to clearly map out farms in a systematic manner for farmers under a cooperative for rubber plantation development. The rights of tenant farmers and landholders are clearly and legally documented and registered into the formal land administration system. The spatial and attribute data are incorporated into a Geographic Information System (GIS) that serves as tool for data management on the farmers. The pilot study was successful in improving not only tenure security and data access, but also access to funding by participating farmers. Keywords: Land Tenure Security, Registration, Spatial Data, Attribute Data
Production of Iron Nuggets from the Akpafu-Todzi Iron Ore and Artisanal Ferrous Slag using Post Consumer Thermosets (Waste Electrical Sockets) as Reductants
Authors: Dankwah J. R. , Baah E. O. , Dankwah J. B. , Dankwah J. , Agbenuvor B. S. , Amankwaa-Kyeremeh B. , Koshy P.
Published: July 2020

AbstractPost-consumer thermosets are difficult to recycle because, unlike thermoplastics, they cannot be remoulded to create other items as a result of the extensive cross-linkages in their structure. The increased production of thermoset blends and composites in recent years has greatly increased the amount of waste materials. However, higher levels of carbon and hydrogen present in thermosets make them a potential reductant in the iron extractive industries. In this research work, postconsumer thermoset was transformed into carbon resource through a charring process. The resulting carbonaceous material from the thermoset was used as reductant in the production of metallic iron from the Akpafu-Todzi iron ore and artisanal slag using the microwave technology through the composite pellet approach at varying firing times. Analyses by XRF, XRD and SEM/EDS showed that the Akpafu Todzi iron ore is comprised of the iron oxides hematite (Fe2O3) and wustite (Fe0.942O), while the artisanal slag was predominantly fayalite (Fe2SiO4). Complete reduction of the ore was attained after 120 min reduction but the maximum extent of reduction was 78.84% for the slag, demonstrating the potential of postconsumer thermosets to function effectively as a reductant in the iron extractive industry. Keywords: Reduction; Akpafu-Todzi Iron Ore; Post Consumer Thermosets; Waste Electrical Sockets
A 3D Procrustean Approach to Transform WGS84 Coordinates to Ghana War Office 1926 Reference Datum
Authors: Kumi-Boateng B. , Ziggah Y. Y.
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Satellite positioning technique such as Global Positioning System (GPS) is available to all countries for geospatial positioning. The availability of such positioning technique has revolutionised surveying in Ghana. The GPS operates on a global reference frame to fix control points for surveying and mapping purposes. There is therefore the need to transform coordinates from the satellite-based datum to the Ghana War Office 1926 datum. Several iterative methods have been proposed over the years for coordinate transformation and have been found to exhibit good transformation accuracy. However, these iterative methods always demand the linearisation of the transformation model equations and initial approximation values of the yet to be determined transformation parameters. These computational processes further enhance the computational complexity of the iterative methods and longer convergence time. As alternative solution, the Procrustes method has been proposed and applied to solve coordinate transformation problems in different geodetic reference networks. Review of previous studies indicates that the Procrustes method is direct, simple to use and produce satisfactory transformation accuracy. This method, however, is yet to be applied to ascertain its efficiency in the Ghana geodetic reference network. Therefore, this study utilised the 3D Procrustean approach to transform coordinates from World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84) to Ghana War Office 1926 reference datum. The technique produced Root Mean Square Horizontal Error (RMSHE), Arithmetic Mean of the Horizontal Error (AMHE) and Standard Deviation (SD) values of 1.003 m, 0.901 m and 0.452 m, respectively. This study is serving as an extension to the ongoing research works to determine optimal transformation model for Ghana geodetic reference network.

 

Keywords: Procrustean Approach, Coordinate Transformation, Conformal Model, Satellite Positioning
Motivation and perseverance of women in education leadership in the United States of America
Authors: Nakitende Marie Goretti
Published: July 2020

This study examined executive women leaders in higher education administration in the United States of America. It examined factors influencing women to attain leadership positions. It also looked at the challenges facing female leaders and established strategies women use to overcome these challenges. A sample of 11 women leaders in higher education was selected purposively based on experience, seniority and roles. Multiple sources of data collection were utilised including interviewing, observation and document analysis, which served as a way of triangulation. The nature of the study was exploratory. The qualitative phenomenological method was utilised to organise and analyse the data. The researched data was collected from both primary and secondary sources such as journals, interviews and observations. Findings reveal that senior women leaders in higher education positions are intrinsically moved by a great desire to make a positive difference and a need to help others. External forces influencing women to leadership include mentoring, self-efficacy, networks, prior experience, leadership training, and career planning. The results indicated that the women desire is to achieve personal growth and development. The results are consistent with both leadership and motivation theories (Maslow, 1970; Burns, 1978; Bandura, 1997). The findings are limited to women leaders in the education sector; they cannot be generalised to other business sectors.
'Acholi manyen made us fight': Understanding the metaphor in the former Lord’s Resistance Army female fighters' battle spaces
Authors: Komakech Daniel
Published: July 2020

Drawing on from literature on women‘s agency in wars and case studying the various battle spaces occupied by the former Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) female fighters, I seek to argue that the former LRA female fighters' role in the war was unthinkable without the non-utilitarian attitudinalpsycho value motivation construct of Acholi manyen (New Acholi). Therefore, the repertoire of violence participated in by the former LRA female fighters, was constructed around the Acholi manyen, making it pervasive in the LRA war discourse and system. In a sense, I try to validate the point that the stage of the political in the LRA rebellion was majorly the reconstruction of Acholi manyen through re- Acholicisation. This reconfiguration and imagining, was to reconstitute the political, economic and social landscape of Acholi. A transition from the 'outside' - the bush (a metaphor for old Acholi, Acholi B) that was ambiguously inhabited, to the 'inside' - a restructured and re-spatialised continuum. A new 'Jerusalem' (as Acholi manyen was alternatively referred), as placeholder of the normal (Prugl, 2003). Second, by typifying the former LRA female fighter status, I connect to the broader literature on female fighter status (Coulter, 2008) and literature on the motivation of the female fighters.
Social, cultural and experiential patterning of attitudes and behaviour towards assisted suicide in Switzerland: evidence from a national population-based study
Authors: Vilpert Sarah , Bolliger Elio , Borrat-Besson Carmen , Borasio Gian Domenico , Maurer Jürgen
Published: July 2020

Switzerland has the longest history of the legal practice of non-physician assisted suicide of any country. Assisted suicide is not very tightly regulated in Switzerland, and almost all assisted suicides are supported by a right-to-die organisation. Our study investigates older adults’ attitudes and behaviour towards assisted suicide, and the associations of these with the individuals’ sociodemographic and cultural characteristics, as well as with their own health status and healthcare-related experiences in Switzerland. We performed weighted prevalence and multivariable logistic regression estimation on a nationally representative sample of adults aged 55 and over from wave 6 (2015) of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) in Switzerland (n = 2168). Overall, 81.7% of respondents supported the legality of assisted suicide, as is currently the case in Switzerland, and 60.9% stated that they would potentially consider asking for assisted suicide under certain circumstances; 28.2% of respondents reported either that they are already or that they are likely to become a member of a right-to-die organisation, with 4.9% of respondents reporting to already be a member of such an organisation at the time of the survey. Higher levels of education and previous experience as a healthcare proxy were positively associated with more favourable attitudes and behaviour towards assisted suicide. Compared to individuals aged 55–64, adults aged 65–74 generally showed more favourable attitudes and behaviour towards assisted suicide. By contrast, religious persons displayed more negative attitudes and behaviour towards assisted suicide. Attitudes towards assisted suicide were also more negative in the oldest age group (75+) in comparison to adults aged 55–64, and among persons living in French- and Italian-speaking Switzerland compared to those living in German-speaking Switzerland. While approval for assisted suicide is high overall in Switzerland, more vulnerable population groups, such as older or less educated individuals, have less favourable attitudes towards assisted suicide. In addition, cultural sensitivities to and personal experiences with death and dying are likely to shape the approval or rejection of assisted suicide as it is currently implemented in Switzerland.
Qual é a área máxima da casa? Um problema à luz da resolução de problemas mediada pela tecnologia
Authors: Lickefett Dienifer Tainara Cardoso , Siple Ivanete Zuchi , Figueiredo Elisandra Bar de
Published: July 2020

Neste artigo apresentamos resultados parciais de uma pesquisa, em nível de mestrado profissional, sobre o contributo do uso da metodologia de ensino-aprendizagem-avaliação através da resolução de problemas mediada pelo GeoGebra, em conexão com os diferentes registros de representações, no ensino e na aprendizagem, de máximos e mínimos de funções. O produto educacional, oriundo dessa pesquisa foi um Caderno Didático na plataforma do GeoGebra, composto por diversos aplicativos que buscam auxiliar na resolução de problemas de otimização de funções. Adotando uma abordagem qualitativa e interpretativa, foram recolhidos os dados das resoluções de uma atividade realizada pelos alunos de uma turma do Ensino Médio e outra do Ensino Superior. Nos resultados, apontamos as potencialidades sobre o uso da tecnologia que favoreceu a resolução do problema devido à abordagem interativa e à possibilidade de transitar entre diferentes representações, bem como alguns desafios presentes em determinadas etapas da metodologia adotada.
Palavras-chave: Resolução de Problemas. GeoGebra. Representações. Máximos e Mínimos. Funções.
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI PSIKOLOG DALAM PENANGANAN KORBAN PENYALAHGUNAAN NARKOBA DI RUMAH SAKIT JIWA PROVINSI BALI
Authors: Rai Tirtawati Anak Agung , Yogi Artha Sudartha Made
Published: July 2020

Pergaulan di Indonesia sekarang banyak mulai mengikuti trend gaya barat. Dimana banyak kita temui masyarakat Indonesia yang memakai pakaian seksi, kebut-kebutan di jalan, memakai narkoba, mabuk- mabukan. Dalam penelitian yang berjudul Strategi Komunikasi Psikolog Dalam penanganan Korban Penyalahgunaan Narkoba di Rumah Sakit  Jiwa Provinsi Bali, bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi komunikasi apa yang digunakan selama proses rehabilitasi korban penyalahgunaan narkoba di rumah sakit jiwa provinsi bali dan hambatan komunikasi apakah yang dihadapi psikolog dalam penanganan korban penyalahgunaan narkoba. Peneliti menggunakan pendekatan kulitatif, dalam hal ini peneliti menggunakan 2 orang psikolog untuk dijadikan informan. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan yaitu wawancara, observasi, dokumen. Analisis data yang dilakukan peneliti adalah teknik analisis deskripstiif. Strategi komunikasi yang digunakan psikolog dalam penanganan korban penyalahgunaan narkoba di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Provinsi Bali adalah Sebelum  melakukan rehabilitasi pasien korban penyalahgunaan narkoba. Psikolog terlebih dahulu melakukan assement kepada si korban, untuk mengetahui riwayat hidup korban. Mulai cara berkomunikasi,lingkungan,keluarga si korban. Setelah mendapaatkan data si korban, barulah nantinya akan diambil tindakan oleh psikolog. Selama proses rehabilitasi psikolog selalu memberikan pesan-pesan komunikasi yang ingin disampaikaan saat mereka memasuki masa rehabilitasi. Berupa memberikan  edukasi bagaimana caranya untuk berubah serta berhenti menggunakan narkoba. Didalam proses rehabilatasi psikolog memposisikan diri sebagai teman atau orang yang bisa mereka percayai dengan memberikan empati kepada mereka untuk mencari tahu akar permasalahan dari penyebab mengapa mereka menggunakan narkoba dan mencari tahu bagaimana cara dia untuk mengatasi masalahnya. Saat melakukan proses rehabilitasi ini psikolog juga memiliki trik atau terapi khusus melalui metode holistic ( menyeluruh ) untk mementukan aspek pribadi,lingkungan, serta komunikasi si korban. Selain itu juga psikolog juga memiliki metode 5B yaitu Berobat teratur selalu melakukan kontrol dan cek urine, Berkomunikasi selalu menyampaikan masalaah yang mereka miiliki,  Beraktifitas melakukan kegiatan-kegiatan yang yang positif, Berekreasi selalu berolahraga, dan Berdoa. Cara psikolog mengetahui potensi diri dari diri mereka sendiri. Dengan cara psikotest atau tes minat bakat dan melakukan pendataan tentang riwayat hidup si korban.dengan keluarga. Untuk membangun kepercayaan diri korban penyalah gunaan narkoba agar mau diterima kembali dalam lingkungan masyarakat. Dengan caramelihat dan memberitahukan potensi diri yang dia miliki serta sadari akan kelebihannya. Hambatan-hambatan komunikasi yang dialami psikolog dalam penanganan korban penyaahgunaan narkoba adalah kesulitann dalam bekeluarga, teman, HP atau teknologi.
Frequency and outcome of complicated appendicitis in toddlers and pre-schoolers
Authors: Khan Naseem , Khan Muhammad Ayub , Khan Jehangir , Ali Sajjad , Khattak Imran , Masood Anwar
Published: July 2020

Background: Acute appendicitis is a frequent indication of emergency abdominal surgery in the pediatric population. In younger children, especially toddlers, and preschoolers, the presentation is comparatively late resulting in complicated appendicitis. This study was done to determine the frequency and outcome of complicated appendicitis in toddlers and preschoolers.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study done at the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar, during August 2018 and February 2019. The medical records of 144 toddlers and preschoolers who presented with acute appendicitis were reviewed for demography, clinical presentation, operative findings, and outcome. Frequency and types of complicated appendicitis were recorded.
Results: The mean age of study participants was 3 years (±2.84), including 46(32%) toddlers and 98(68%) preschoolers. Overall 62% of patients were male while 38% of patients were female. Complicated appendicitis was documented in 75% of patients. The common types of complicated appendicitis were perforation of the appendix with a localized abscess in 68 patients, gangrenous appendicitis in 4 patients, generalized peritonitis in 24 patients, and mass formation in 12 patients. All patients did well after surgery, except one who succumbed to complications of leukemia.
Conclusion: In our study, a great deal (75%) of toddlers and preschoolers had complicated appendicitis especially perforated appendicitis with localized peritonitis.
Implementation and modeling of low power sleepy
stack SRAM cell
Authors: Sharma Manvinder , Khosla Dishant , Singh Sohni , Palta Pankaj
Published: July 2020

for the future technologies in which the devices and circuits are integrating more, low power consuming devices are needed.
Mostly the reduction of power dissipation work is concentrated on switching and leakage current. However sub threshold current is
also a big factor which leads to power consumption especially for memories. In this paper, leakage power of SRAM memory cell is
reduced by power gated sleepy stack structure which leads to lesser power dissipation. The power dissipation is reduced to 226 µW with
proposed technique compared with power dissipation of conventional 6T SRAM cell which had 740 µW. With lesser power dissipation
the circuit can have more battery backup and lesser heat emission
How to Improve Clinical Pharmacy Practice Using Key Performance Indicators
Authors: Ibrahim Nagwa
Published: July 2020

Key performance indicators (KPIs) are measurable tools to keep track of progress on a specific performance objective of an institution. By selecting the proper KPI, we can identify the area of improvement in structure, process and outcome. KPIs should be SMART (Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, and Time bound). In addition, KPIs should be easy to understand, evidence based, reliable, acceptable and feasible. Clinical pharmacy key performance indicator (cp KPI) is a standard quantitative measure of progress for a specific clinical activity performed by clinical pharmacist. These cp KPIs serve as objective indicators to measure the efficiency of delivery of evidence-based patient care. The clinical services provided might be upon patient admission, during admission and at discharge in addition to outpatient services. Medication reconciliation at admission, pharmaceutical care plan and patient counseling at discharge are examples for process KPI for clinical services provided by pharmacist, while rate of adverse drug reaction and patient re admission are examples for outcome KPI. In conclusion application of cp KPI and quality metric is a great opportunity to give the general public a valuable insight into the contributions of clinical pharmacists to improve the overall quality of clinical care. This could help the profession demonstrate how pharmacy knowledge and skills are used to deliver patient outcomes rather than the supply of medicines. Selecting the suitable cp KPI will help us improve clinical pharmacy services and patient outcome.
O movimento operário no interior paulista: uma análise das greves gerais de 1917 e 1919 em Piracicaba
Authors: Junqueira Fabiana Ribeiro de Andrade
Published: July 2020

A segunda década do século XX foi marcada por duas grandes greves gerais de operários, respectivamente nos anos 1917 e 1919. Os trabalhadores da cidade de São Paulo exerceram papel importante na história do movimento proletário desse período e foram os primeiros a cruzarem os braços na busca por profundas reformas sociais que melhorassem ou mesmo transformassem radicalmente as condições de vida da classe trabalhadora do país, influenciando militantes e operários em diferentes municípios do interior do estado e até mesmo em outras unidades federativas do Brasil. As paralisações, no entanto, ganharam contornos próprios em cada uma das cidades tomadas pela classe trabalhadora. As greves operárias de 1917 e 1919 em Piracicaba mantiveram semelhanças com os movimentos paredistas da capital paulista, mas também foram marcadas por peculiaridades que podem nos ajudar a compreender a complexa atuação dos trabalhadores nas pequenas e médias cidades brasileiras durante a Primeira República. Este artigo pretende, portanto, analisar esses dois importantes eventos no município, comparando-os com as mobilizações verificadas na capital, apontando as conexões e as singularidades regionais.
Temperature effects on optical properties and chemical composition of secondary organic aerosol derived from n-dodecane
Authors: Li Junling , Wang Weigang , Li Kun , Zhang Wenyu , Peng Chao , Zhou Li , Shi Bo , Chen Yan , Liu Mingyuan , Li Hong , Ge Maofa
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Environmental temperature plays a vital role in controlling chemical transformations that lead to
the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) and ultimately impact the composition and optical
properties of the aerosol particles. In this study, we investigated optical properties of
n-dodecane SOA under two temperature conditions: 5 and
25 ∘C. It was shown that low-temperature conditions could enhance the real part of the refractive
index (RI) of the SOA at wavelengths of 532 and 375 nm. Mass spectrometry analysis
revealed that the molecular composition of n-dodecane SOA was significantly modified by temperature:
a large amount of oligomers were formed under low-temperature conditions, which led to higher RI
values. These findings will help improve our understanding of the chemical composition and optical
properties of SOA under different temperature conditions and will provide one possible explanation for
the low visibility in suburban areas during winter.
Methane vertical profiles over the Indian subcontinent derived from the GOSAT/TANSO-FTS thermal infrared sensor
Authors: Belikov Dmitry A. , Saitoh Naoko , Patra Prabir K. , Chandra Naveen
Published: July 2020

Abstract. We examined CH4 variability over different regions of India and the surrounding oceanic regions derived from thermal infrared (TIR) band observations by the Thermal And Near-infrared Sensor for carbon Observation-Fourier Transform Spectrometer (TANSO-FTS) onboard the Greenhouse gases Observation SATellite (GOSAT) and simulated by the updated MIROC4.0-based Atmospheric Chemistry Tracer Model (MIROC4-ACTM) for the period 2009–2014. This study attempts to understand the sensitivity of the vertical profile retrievals at different layers of the troposphere and lower stratosphere, arising from the averaging kernels and a priori assumptions. We stress that this is of particular importance when the satellite derived products are analyzed using a different ACTMs from that is used as retrieval a priori. A comparison of modeled and retrieved CH4 vertical profiles shows the 22 vertical levels of GOSAT/TANSO-FTS TIR retrievals provide critical information about transport from the top of the boundary layer to the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere in a consistent manner. The mean model-GOSAT TIR CH4 mismatch is within 50 ppb, excepting 150 hPa and upward, where the sensitivity of GOSAT/TANSO-FTS TIR observations becomes very low. Convolution of the modeled profiles with GOSAT/TANSO-FTS TIR averaging kernels reduce the mismatch to below uncertainty. Distinct seasonal variations of CH4 have been observed at the upper atmospheric boundary layer (800 hPa), free troposphere (500 hPa), and upper troposphere (200 hPa) levels over northern and southern regions of India corresponding to the southwesterly monsoon (July–September) and post-monsoon (October–December) seasons. Analysis of the transport and emission contributions to CH4 suggests that the CH4 seasonal cycle over the Indian subcontinent is governed by both the heterogeneous distributions of surface emissions and the influence of the global monsoon divergent wind circulations. GOSAT/TANSO-FTS TIR observations provide additional information about CH4 observations in this region compared to what is known from in situ data, which is important for improving the accuracy of emission flux optimization. Based on two emission sensitivity simulations, we suggest that the emissions of CH4 from the India region is 51.2 ± 1.6 Tg yr−1 during the period of 2009–2014.
An overview on isotopic divergences – causes for instability of tree-ring isotopes and climate correlations
Authors: Savard Martine M. , Daux Valérie
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Climatic reconstructions based on tree-ring isotopic
series convey substantial information about past conditions prevailing in
forested regions of the globe. However, in some cases, the relations between
isotopic and climatic records appear unstable over time, generating the
“isotopic divergences”. Former reviews have thoroughly discussed the
divergence concept for tree-ring physical properties but not for isotopes.
Here we want to take stock of the isotopic divergence problem, express
concerns and stimulate collaborative work for improving paleoclimatic
reconstructions. There are five main causes for divergent parts in isotopic and climatic
series: (1) artefacts due to sampling and data treatment, relevant for
dealing with long series using sub-fossil stems; (2) stand dynamics,
including juvenile effects mostly occurring in the early part of tree-ring
series; (3) rise in atmospheric pCO2, which can directly influence the
foliar behaviour; (4) change in climate, which may modify the
isotope–climate causal links; and finally (5) atmospheric pollution, which may
alter leaf and root functions. Future paleoclimate research would benefit
from interdisciplinary efforts designed to develop further process-based
models integrating multi-proxy inputs so as to help identify causes of
isotopic divergences and circumvent some of them in inverse applications.
Monitoring of solar spectral ultraviolet irradiance in Aosta, Italy
Authors: Fountoulakis Ilias , Diémoz Henri , Siani Anna Maria , Hülsen Gregor , Gröbner Julian
Published: July 2020

Abstract. A Bentham DTMc300 spectrophotometer is deployed at the station of Aosta–Saint-Christophe, Italy, at the headquarters of the Regional Environmental Protection Agency (ARPA) and performs continuous high quality spectral measurements of the solar ultraviolet (UV) irradiance since 2006. The measuring site is located in the North-western of the Alps, in a large valley floor at the altitude of 570 m a.s.l., surrounded by mountains. It is very significant to have accurate measurements in such a sensitive environment, since the complex terrain and the strongly variable meteo-climatic conditions typical of the Alps induce large spatial and temporal variability in the surface levels of the solar UV irradiance. The spectroradiometer is moreover used as a reference of a regional UV network, with additional stations located at different altitudes (1640 and 3500 m a.s.l.) and environmental conditions (mountain and glacier). In the present study we discuss the procedures and the technical aspects which ensure the high quality of the measurements performed by the reference instrument, and subsequently of the entire network. In particular, we describe the procedures used to characterize the Bentham for its characteristics which affect the quality of the measurements. The used Quality Control/Quality Assurance (QA/QC) procedures are also discussed. We show that the good quality of the spectral measurements is further ensured by a strong traceability chain to the world reference QASUME and a strict calibration protocol. Recently, the spectral UV dataset of Aosta–Saint-Christophe has been re-evaluated and homogenized. The final spectra consist one of the most accurate datasets globally. At wavelengths above 310 nm and for solar zenith angles below 75° the expanded uncertainty in the final dataset decreases with time, from 7 % in 2006 to 4 % in the present. The present study not only serves as the reference document for any future use of the data, but also provides useful information for experiments and novel techniques which have been applied for the characterization of the instrument, and the QA/QC of the spectral UV measurements. Furthermore, the study clearly shows that maintaining a strong traceability chain to a reference instrument is critical for the good quality of the measurements. The studied spectral dataset is freely accessible at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3934324 (Fountoulakis et al., 2020).
Disaggregating surface change mechanisms of a rock glacier using terrestrial laser scanning point clouds acquired at different time scales
Authors: Ulrich Veit , Williams Jack G. , Zahs Vivien , Anders Katharina , Hecht Stefan , Höfle Bernhard
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Topographic change at a given location usually results from multiple processes operating over different timescales. However, interpretations of surface change are often based upon single values of movement, measured over a specified time period and in a single direction. This work presents a method to help separate surface change mechanisms related to the deformation of an active rock glacier, drawing on terrestrial lidar monitoring at sub-monthly intervals. We derive 3D topographic changes across the Äußeres Hochebenkar rock glacier in the Ötztal Alps. These are presented as the relative contribution of surface change during a three-week period of snow-free conditions (2018) to the annual surface change (2017–2018). They are also separated according to the direction perpendicular to the local rock glacier surface (using point cloud distance computation) and the direction of rock glacier flow, indicated by movement of individual boulders. In a 1500 m2 sample area in the lower tongue section of the rock glacier, the contribution of the three-week period to the annual change perpendicular to the surface is 20 %, as compared to 6 % in the direction of rock glacier flow. This shows that different directions of surface change are dominant at different times of the year. Our results demonstrate the benefit of more frequent lidar monitoring and, critically, the requirement of novel approaches to detecting change, as a step towards interpreting the mechanisms that underlie the surface change of rock glaciers.