bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AVALIAÇÃO DE TENACIDADE À FRATURA DA LIGA ALUMÍNIO 7075-T651 ATRAVÉS DO PARÂMETRO CTOD, PARA IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE APLICAÇÕES DE ALTA RESPONSABILIDADE
Authors: Leonardo Etges  , Luís Germano R. Parisotto
Published: February 2021

Atualmente, a busca pela prevenção de erros vem se demonstrando cada vez mais necessária. Com isso, quando há fabricação de elementos mecânicos com o intuito de suportar situações adversas em serviço deve haver cuidados quanto a tenacidade à fratura da peça. A tenacidade à fratura de um material corresponde a sua capacidade de absorver energia quando submetido a tensões que possam ocasionar sua fratura. A ocorrência de fraturas está ligada a diversos fatores, sendo um dos mais comuns o fenômeno da fadiga. Dentre as propriedades mecânicas analisadas em metais, o valor equivalente a tenacidade torna-se útil para estabelecer um limite de segurança onde não há risco da ocorrência de rupturas. A Mecânica da Fratura fornece métodos para a obtenção desses valores por meio de dois eixos de estudo inseridos em sua área de conhecimento, sendo eles a Mecânica da Fratura Linear Elástica (MFLE) e a Mecânica da Fratura Elasto-plástica (MFEP). O presente projeto tem como objetivo obter e analisar o valor da propriedade mecânica em questão da liga de alumínio 7075 T651 utilizando o parâmetro CTOD, esse parâmetro baseia se na medição do início da propagação da trinca do material, baseado na sua concentração de tensões, cálculo desenvolvido pela MFEP. Após a obtenção das características mecânicas e metalúrgicas do material, são confeccionados os corpos de provas que são submetidos aos ensaios de tração, flexão por três pontos e fadiga respectivamente, cujo os valores fornecidos são utilizados para o desenvolvimento da equação. O arranjo produtivo local (APL) é caracterizado principalmente pela presença de indústrias do ramo metal-mecânico, desenvolver a análise proposta contribui para expandir e aprimorar a qualificação dos materiais utilizados em seus maquinários, aumentando a produtividade e reduzindo a suscetibilidade a ocorrência de falhas e possíveis prejuízos. Devido a pandemia que se instaurou e todos os empecilhos que ela impôs, osensaios bem como a resolução do cálculo do método CTOD, não foram possíveis de se concluírem.
USO DE SIMULADORES, MODELOS ARTIFICIAIS E MÉTODOS ALTERNATIVOS COMO RECURSOS DE ENSINO NA SEMIOTÉCNICA DE ENFERMAGEM VETERINÁRIA - RESULTADOS PARCIAIS
Authors: Karla Rafaela Miranda  , Dieiv dos Santos  , Édina de Oliveira  , Samara Soares Laurindo  , Raquel Rybandt  , Juliano Pereira Terra  , Juahil Martins de Oliveira Junior  , Eunice Akemi Kitamura
Published: February 2021

O processo de ensino-aprendizagem e o perfil do estudante de Medicina Veterináriaestão em constante evolução e existe a necessidade de atender o recomendadopelos órgãos regulatórios da educação e profissão de Médico Veterinário. Esteprojeto atende a curricularização da extensão e a interdisciplinaridade. Na disciplinautilizaram-se ferramentas de ensino como simuladores e manequins preconizando onão uso de animais vivos com eficácia no aprendizado. Realizou-se a ação deextensão “Feira da Profissão de Medicina Veterinária” com os alunos do ensinomédio da escola de Araquari divulgando o curso de Medicina Veterinária e IFCcontribuindo na formação humanística deste veterinário.
HISTÓRIA DAS INSTITUIÇÕES ESCOLARES RURAIS MULTISSERIADAS DO MUNICÍPIO DE CONCÓRDIA:
Authors: Francini Coelli Schneider Schwingel  , Solange Aparecida Zotti  , Liane Vizzotto  , Silvia Fernanda Souza Dalla Costa  , Jackson Ricardo Pereira de Lucena Silva
Published: February 2021

Este trabalho apresenta a sistematização e análise dos dados da pesquisadesenvolvida de 2016 a 2019, que teve por objetivo investigar a história dasinstituições escolares rurais multisseridas de Concórdia, no contexto socioeconômicopolítico em que se inserem, a fim de identificar e analisar as características,transformações e dificuldades de sua existência na atualidade. A metodologiacontemplou pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e de campo. Em suma, os resultadosevidenciam a trajetória das escolas nos aspectos organizacionais, administrativos epedagógicos, ao longo de mais de 80 anos de história do município. O processo demunicipalização e nucleação conduziram a desativação das escolas, restando ativasem 2019 apenas duas.
IMAGENS DE SÃO BENTO DO SUL - SC:
Authors: Laiza Glumbowsky  , Gabriel Siqueira  , João Pedro Niespodzinski  , Maíra Tavares de Camargo  , Eduardo Woehl Kubiack  , Melissa Gabriela Pires Lipreri  , Gabriel da Silva Gomes  , Natacha Schoefel  , Senaide Wolfart  , Hernandez Vivan Eichenberger
Published: February 2021

Esta pesquisa consiste na análise e discussão de fotografias que retratam acidade de São Bento do Sul, entre o fim do século XIX e início do XX. Busca-seestimular o público em geral sobre o processo histórico de formação da cidade. Alémdisso, objetiva-se a escrita da História a partir de imagens. Buscar-se-á o “educar oolhar” do observador, instigando sua criticidade, e mostrando-o a importância dapreservação de fontes históricas, problematizando sua origem e historicidade. Paratanto, possuímos 50 fotografias catalogadas, e dentre estas, algumas serãoselecionadas para a restauração, e por fim, para exposição ao público.
DETECÇÃO DE ANOMALIAS EM VÍDEOS UTILIZANDO AUTOCODIFICADORES CONVOLUCIONAIS
Authors: Letícia Karolina Moreira  , Manassés Ribeiro
Published: February 2021

A Detecção de Anomalias em Vídeos (DAV) é assunto recorrente em visãocomputacional. Neste trabalho, DAV refere-se ao problema de encontrar padrões emvídeos que se afastem de um conceito normal esperado. Assim, é proposto o estudodos Autocodificadores Convolucionais (ACC) como meio de aprendizado decaracterísticas aplicado ao problema de DAV. A metodologia proposta segue o viéshipotético-dedutivo, onde a principal hipótese de trabalho é que ACCs são capazesde aprender características relevantes na classificação de eventos consideradosanormais. Como resultados, é apresentado revisão da literatura sobre DAV e ACCs,além de experimento computacional utilizando a base dados UCSD-PED2.
AVALIAÇÃO DO PERFIL PANCREÁTICO EXÓCRINO DE BOVINOS ESPONTÂNEAMENTE INFECTADOS POR Eurytrema sp.
Authors: Christofe Carneiro  , Cesar Rodrigo Surian  , Soraya Regina Sacco  , Rafael André Warlang  , Taisson Rafael Mingottti  , Regiane Carine Reck  , Gabrielli Olivo Zanelatto  , Tauane Christine Kirst Modler  , Daniele Eliza Bonassi Fronza  , Ricardo Evandro Mendes
Published: February 2021

Euritrematose bovina é causada pelo Eurytrema spp., um trematódeo que viveprincipalmente nos ductos pancreáticos de ruminantes, predominantemente nos estadosdo sul do Brasil. Lesões pancreáticas macroscópicas foram descritas como atrofiapancreática, pancreatite intersticial fibrosante e obliteração total ou parcial dos ductospancreáticos. Estas alterações potencialmente podem ocasionar transtornos nasfunções do pâncreas. Neste contexto, é sensato admitir que os processos digestivos emetabólicos dependentes das funções pancreáticas podem ser afetados e os animaisportadores de lesões pancreáticas podem apresentar diminuição na digestibilidade denutrientes, podendo acarretar em alterações séricas, hematológicas e fecais, sendo oobjetivo deste projeto a identificação destas alterações.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE MODELO TEÓRICO PARA A PRESSÃO EM GARRAFAS PET, DEVIDO À REAÇÃO ENTRE VINAGRE E BICARBONATO DE SÓDIO
Authors: Emerson Luiz Lapolli  , Sara E. Coelho
Published: February 2021

Neste artigo, desenvolvemos um modelo teórico, partindo de primeiros princípios, para oaumento da pressão interna provocado pelo dióxido de carbono produzido na reação entreo bicarbonato de sódio e o vinagre, no interior de garrafa PET. Esta reação é comumenteutilizada em competições nacionais de lançamento de foguetes. A motivação foi o fatode não existirem muitos artigos no assunto, nem um modelo teórico estabelecido quedescreva o comportamento da pressão em recipientes rígidos fechados especificamentepara esta reação. O modelo foi comparado a outro existente e verificou-se que concordacom o modelo empírico e com os dados experimentais.
A PRODUÇÃO LEITEIRA NOS ASSENTAMENTOS RURAIS DE ABELARDO LUZ
Authors: Taynara Rigo Gobert  , Luiz Eduardo Zanatta Sendeski  , Vinicius Moreira  , Evandro Magdiel  , Marluse Castro Maciel
Published: February 2021

Este projeto envolve ensino, pesquisa e extensão e tem como foco o Arranjo ProdutivoLocal (APL) do Leite, principal forma de produção e de trabalho dos assentamentos ruraisde Abelardo Luz. O objetivo principal do estudo é pesquisar quais os impactos das Portarias38 e 39/2018 do MAPA, que regulamenta a produção de leite, nos assentamentos rurais deAbelardo Luz – SC. Além disso, projeto visa: desenvolver palestras para os produtoresleiteiros e uma cartilha informativa. Por fim, os estudantes envolvidos conhecerão aviabilidade social e econômica desta cadeia produtiva.
A CULTURA EXPRESSA POR MEIO DA DANÇA
Authors: Laura Merisio Gadis  , Kétlyn Gabrielle Cruz do Nascimento  , Ivanna Schenkel Fornari Grechi
Published: February 2021

A cultura pode ser vista como o conjunto de valores espirituais e materiais acumula-dos através do tempo. O objetivo deste projeto foi promover momentos culturais na comunidade por meio de uma mostra de apresentações folclóricas. A Mostra ocorreu no Campus Camboriú com a presença da comunidade, estudantes do Curso Técni-co em Hospedagem e de diversos grupos de dança da América Latina, que propaga-ram a cultura por meio de suas apresentações. Utilizou-se roteiro de entrevista e gravação de vídeo com os participantes. Os resultados demonstraram que a cultura pode agregar conhecimento, levar adiante o saber dos povos de qualquer região.
A PERCEPÇÃO DA INTERAÇÃO EM PORTFÓLIOS DE UMA FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE SOBRE O LÚDICO
Authors: Andréa Cristina Gomes Monteiro  , Daiane Matt Schwambach
Published: February 2021

A ludicidade, presente em diversos momentos do nosso dia dia-a-dia, é um importanteinstrumento de mediação no processo de ensino ensino-aprendizagem. A profundar esseconceito faz parte da formação de professores professores. Entendendo a necessidade deespaços de formação sobre o lúdico, este estudo analisa as concepções deludicidade contidas nos portfólios produzidos pelos professores, a partir de umaformação sob re o lúdico realizada no Instituto Federal Catarinense. Com isso isso, percebeupercebeu-se que os conceitos de ludicidade estão presentes nos portfóliosdesenvolvidos pelos participantes da formação, tanto na descrição dos encontroscomo nas atividades desenvolvidas co m seus alunos.
ALFABETIZAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS E INCLUSÃO SOCIAL
Authors: Amanda Goulart  , Ana Beatriz Haag  , Ana Laura Tarter  , Juliana Albuquerque Nascimento  , Sandra Maria Bayestorff  , Cristiane Gonçalves de Campos  , Vanessa Coelho dos Reis
Published: February 2021

O presente texto tem por objetivo apresentar os resultados do projeto de extensãointitulado “Luz do Saber: um caminho de inclusão e aprendizagem”. A temática doprojeto é a alfabetização de jovens e adultos por meio da inclusão digital. O principalrecurso didático é o software “Luz do Saber”, construído a partir dos referenciaisteóricos de Paulo Freire, Emilia Ferreiro e Ana Teberosky. Os resultados parciaisapontam o desenvolvimento gradativo dos/as educandos/as. Um dos resultadosesperados ao final do projeto é que os/as educandos/as ampliem seusconhecimentos acerca da compreensão das palavras e das informações linguísticas.
ÍNDICES ZOOTÉCNICOS NA PRODUÇÃO DE SUÍNOS UTILIZANDO COMO MODELO UEA SUINOCULTURA – IFC CAMPUS ARAQUARI
Authors: LucianoBrüske Pinto Junior  , Julia Helena Montes  , Gabriela Caillouel  , CristianoTwardowski  , Erica Perez Marsonbako  , Fabiana Moreira
Published: February 2021

A intensa produção de suínos exige maior controle dos dados dos índiceszootécnicos gerados pelo setor a fim de auxiliar na tomada de decisões. Estetrabalho teve por objetivo acompanhar os índices zootécnicos da Unidade deEnsino e Aprendizagem (UEA)Suinocultura através da coleta de dados gerados nosetor nos anos de 2018 (17 matrizes) até julho de 2019 (13 matrizes). Osrelatórios gerados pelo programa Agriness® demonstraram que tanto os dadosreprodutivos como os produtivos aindase encontram abaixo dos alvos deprodutividade para granjas suinícolas comerciais, mas muito disto se deveao setorser destinado ao ensino e aprendizagem.
SUBSTRATOS ALTERNATIVOS PARA PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS OLERÍCOLAS
Authors: Mateus Odorizzi  , Matheus Eliaser Lunelli  , Tiago Odorizzi  , Rafael da Rosa Couto
Published: February 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar substratos alternativos na produção de mudas de olerícolas. Foram formulados 5 substratos, I – Areia+Cama de aves+Esterco de ovelha (1:1:1); II – Areia+Cama de aves+Composto orgânico de serapilheira (1:2:2); III – Casca de arroz+Esterco bovino+Areia (1:2:2); IV – Solo de mato+Cama de aves+casca de arroz carbonizada (1:1:1) e V – Composto orgânico de serrapilheira. Os substratos formulados e o substrato comercial Carolina soil®, o qual o qual serviu de testemunha, foram colocados em bandejas de poliestireno expandido, com 128 células. Em seguida foi semeado sementes de alface, beterraba e rúcula. Realizou-se as seguintes analises: número de folhas, altura da planta, matéria fresca da parte aérea, matéria seca da parte aérea, caracterização física e química dos substratos. Os substratos 2e 4 apresentaram ser os mais viáveis para a produção de rúcula e alface e o substrato 5 aquele viável para a produção de beterraba.
AVALIAÇÃO DA RESISTÊNCIA À CERCOSPORA EM POPULAÇÕES LOCAIS DE MILHO CULTIVADAS POR AGRICULTORES FAMILIARES
Authors: Tainá Caroline Kuhn  , Monalisa Cristina de Cól  , Gabriela Bárbara da Silva Milani  , Volmir Kist
Published: February 2021

Objetivou-se nesse trabalho investigar o potencial genético de populações locais de milho quanto a resistência à cercosporiose. Foram conduzidos três ensaios no oeste de Santa Catarina, sendo avaliados 12 tratamentos (10 variedades locais e 2 testemunhas) em delineamento de blocos completos casualizados, com três repetições. Foram efetuadas seis avaliações da severidade da doença. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância conjunta. Diferenças significativas (p<0,05) foram verificadas nas fontes de variação ambiente e populações. Concluiu-se que existe variabilidade genética para a resistência à cercosporiose nas populações de milho conservadas por agricultores do oeste de Santa Catarina.
CIÊNCIA POR MEIO DE AÇÕES DE EXTENSÃO E DE ENSINO JUNTO A AGRICULTORES FAMILIARES E ESTUDANTES ENVOLVENDO POPULAÇÕES LOCAIS DE FEIJÃO COMUM
Authors: Yasmin Pincegher Siega  , Rafael Alberto Heberle  , Tais Helena Rogowiski  , Grace Karina Kleber Romani  , Guilherme Weirich Krause  , Volmir Kist
Published: February 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial agronômico de populações locais de feijão comum e destacar junto a agricultores e estudantes a importância da conservação dessa espécie vegetal. Foram conduzidos três ensaios com 12 populações de feijão, em delineamento de blocos completos casualizados, com três repetições. Ao final da condução do ensaio foram realizados dias de campo com agricultores e estudantes e distribuídas sementes aos interessados. Os dados de variáveis quantitativas foram submetidos a análise de variância e teste de comparação de médias. Foi elaborada uma cartilha para agricultores e estudantes com os resultados do trabalho.
ASPECTOS ECONÔMICOS E AMBIENTAIS DE NOVOS SISTEMAS DE CULTIVO DO TOMATEIRO VISANDO Á PRECOCIDADE DE PRODUÇÃO, QUALIDADE E ESCAPE DE FATORES ADVERSOS Á SUSTENTABILIDADE.
Authors: Geverson Schmedler  , Yasmin Hoffman  , Fabricio Moreira Sobreira  , Daniel Farias  , Norton Manassi
Published: February 2021

O objetivo foi avaliar o potencial de ganhos em precocidade e qualidade dos frutos daadoção de novos modos de condução do tomateiro associados à poda apical, bemcomo, analisar a interação desses sobre cultivares contrastantes. O experimento foirealizado em casa de vegetação, em blocos casualizados, com três repetições. Osnovos modos de condução do tomateiro assemelharam-se aos convencionais. Acultivar tipo Salada (F1), apresenta maior precocidade de produção. Genótiposcontrastantes quanto ao padrão de frutos e vigor genético não apresentam interaçãocom os modos de condução avaliados no ambiente casa de vegetação.
Effect of six weeks 1000 mg/day Vitamin C supplementation and healthy training in elderly women on genes expression associated with the immune response - a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Żychowska Małgorzata , Grzybkowska Agata , Zasada Mariusz , Piotrowska Anna , Dworakowska Danuta , Czerwinska-Ledwig Olga , Pilch Wanda , Antosiewicz Jędrzej
Published: February 2021

Background: In this study, we investigated the effects of supplementation and exercise on the expression of genes associated with inflammation like CCL2, CRP, IL1, IL6, IL10 mRNA in elderly women. Methods: Twenty four participants divided randomly into two groups were subjected to 6 weeks of the same health training program (three times per week). SUP group (supplemented, n = 12, mean age 72.8 ± 5.26 years and mean body mass 68.1 ± 8.3 kg) received 1000mg of Vitamin C/day during the training period, while CON group (control, n = 12, mean age 72.4 ± 5.5 years and body mass 67.7 ± 7.5 kg) received placebo.Results: No significant changes in IL-1, IL-6, IL-10 and CRP mRNA were observed within and between groups. However, there was a clear tendency of a decrease in IL-6 (two-way ANOVA, significant between investigated time points) and an increase in IL-10 mRNA noted in the supplemented group. A significant decrease in CCL2 mRNA was observed only in the CON group (from 2^0.2 to 2^0.1, p = 0.01). Conclusions: It can be concluded, that 6 weeks of supplementation and exercise was too short to obtain significant changes in gene expression in leukocytes, but supplementation of 1000mg vitamin C positively affected IL-6 and IL-10 expression – which are key changes in the adaptation to training. However, changes in body mass, IL1 and CCL2 were positive in CON group. It is possible that Vitamin C during 6 weeks of supplementation could have different effects on the expression of individual genes involved in the immune response. Trial registration: retrospectively registered.
Investigate the Effect of Diabetes on Hypertension based on Bangladesh Demography and Health Survey, 2017-18
Authors: Islam Md. Merajul , Rahman Md. Jahanur , Tawabunnahar Most. , Abedin Md. Menhazul , Maniruzzaman Md.
Published: February 2021

Background and objectives: Hypertension is a major public health problem with raising its prevalence and effect among adults overtime worldwide, especially in Bangladesh. The aim is to investigate the effect of diabetes on hypertension.Materials and methods: The dataset used in this study was extracted from Bangladesh Demographic Health Survey, 2017-18 having a total of 6,965 (male: 3,376 and female: 3,589) adults whose ages were B35 years. Bivariate analysis along with Pearson’s chi-square test was executed to observe the association between different selected factors and hypertension. Additionally, binary logistic regression was employed to investigate the effect of diabetes on hypertension based on adjusted odds ratio (AOR) along with p-value in Bangladesh.Results: The results of the study revealed that average age of the participants was 51.04a12.731 and a total of 34.7 percent participants were identified as hypertension. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that diabetic patients were 1.280 times (95% CI of AOR: 1.107-1.479; p-value=0.001) higher risk of hypertension compared to non-diabetic. Furthermore, our finding’s also showed that diabetic patient who was 35–49 years age, 1.462 times (95% CI of AOR: 1.182-1.807; p-value=0.000) higher risk of hypertension compared to age groups ≥50 years.Conclusions: Based on the results, this study claimed that people with diabetes was significantly associated with hypertension. This study suggested greater attention of government and policymakers to make appropriate strategies to reduce hypertension as well as associated risk in Bangladesh.
Impact of Appropriateness for Empirical Antibiotics in Patients with Sepsis in the Emergency Department
Authors: Puntawang Panithan , Chenthanakij Boriboon , Tangsuwanaruk Theerapon , Laohakul Pavita , Phinyo Phichayut , Wittayachamnankul Borwon
Published: February 2021

BackgroundSepsis drives a worldwide impact on the health care system. The primary problem in treating sepsis is the emergence of multi-drug resistant microbials caused by the improper use of antibiotics. The mortality associated with the improper use of empirical antibiotics consequently adds a burden on the health care system.ObjectivesTo investigate the clinical impact of appropriate empirical antibiotics in sepsis patients who visited the emergency department.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was performed on sepsis patients receiving empirical antibiotics in the emergency department. The patients were grouped by laboratory culture results and appropriate use of empirical antibiotics. The impact of empirical antibiotic use such as 30-day mortality, length of hospital stays, length of ICU stays, cost of admission, were analyzed and survival analysis was assessed.ResultsAppropriate empirical antibiotic use in culture-negative sepsis groups significantly decreased 30-day mortality (Risk ratio (RR) = 0.26, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.15, 0.46, P < 0.01). While appropriate empirical antibiotic use in culture-positive sepsis groups did not significantly decrease mortality (RR 0.88; 95% CI 0.74, 1.05, P=0.08). The length of hospital stays for inappropriate use of empirical antibiotic culture-negative groups were significantly longer, but not significant in the culture-positive group. The length of ICU stays and cost of admission in both groups were not found to be statistically significant.ConclusionsAppropriate use of empirical antibiotics in patients with sepsis in culture-negative groups can significantly decrease the 30-day mortality. But in a culture-positive group, the appropriate use of an empirical antibiotic cannot significantly decrease mortality.
Metformin as a New Perspective in the Medical Management of Breast Fibroadenoma; A Randomized Clinical Trial Study
Authors: Alipour Sadaf , Abedi Mahboubeh , Saberi Azin , Maleki-Hajiagha Arezoo , Faiz Firoozeh , Shahsavari Saeed , Eslami Bita
Published: February 2021

Background: Fibroadenoma (FA) is the most common benign solid breast mass in women with no definite method of management. Because fibroadenoma is dependent on female sex hormones, we investigated the effects of metformin, a safe hypoglycemic agent with anti-estrogenic and anti-proliferative properties, in the management of fibroadenoma. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial study, eligible women with fibroadenomas were assigned randomly to the metformin (1000 mg daily), or the placebo group. Breast physical and ultrasound exam was performed before and after the intervention, and the changes in the size of fibroadenomas were compared in the two groups. Results: Overall, 83 patients in the treatment, and 92 in the placebo group completed the study. The mean age of participants was 39.65±10.30 years. The amount of reduction in the size of FA was two-fold in the treatment than placebo group. We categorized size changes of FAs into < 20% enlargement (success) and ≥ 20% enlargement (failure). The odds ratio (OR) for success was 1.48 (95% CI=1.10-1.99) in the treatment group in comparison with the placebo group; and the odds for success was higher in women with multiples fibroadenomas (OR=4.67, 95% CI: 1.34-16.28). Also, the rate of disappearance of fibroadenomas in the treatment group was two-fold higher than the placebo group, although the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: This is the first study that evaluates the effect of MF on the management of fibroadenoma, and the results suggest a favorable effect. Larger studies including only large lesions and using higher doses of metformin are suggested to confirm these results.Trial Registration: This trial (IRCT20100706004329N7) was retrospectively registered on 2018-10-07.
Southern Ocean surface pressure and winds during the 20th century from proxy-data assimilation
Authors: O'Connor Gemma , Steig Eric , Hakim Gregory
Published: February 2021

Winds and pressure over the Southern Ocean are critical to many aspects of the climate system, including ocean circulation and carbon uptake, sea ice extent, and the mass balance of Antarctica. However, reliable climate data around Antarctica begin only in 1979. Here, we reconstruct sea level pressure and zonal surface wind anomalies over the Southern Ocean through the 20th century, using data assimilation with a global database of paleoclimate proxy records. There is very good agreement between the reconstructions and satellite-based reanalysis products both at the large scale and in the smaller Amundsen Sea, a key region of West Antarctica where rapid glacier retreat has occurred in recent decades. The reconstructions show insignificant trends in the zonal-average circumpolar westerlies, but a significant strengthening in mid-latitude Pacific westerlies, associated with a deepening of the Amundsen Sea Low, beginning well before the satellite era. The mean zonal-wind trend along the continental shelf break in the Amundsen Sea is easterly through the 20th century, contrasting with previous results that have suggested that glacier change in this region can be attributed to strengthening westerlies. Our reconstructions underscore the value of using paleoclimate data assimilation methods in assessing historical changes in Southern Hemisphere climate and suggest that zonally asymmetric features of atmospheric circulation may be key for understanding high-latitude climate and associated ice-sheet changes.
Experiences of Social Stigma Among Patients Tested Positive for COVID-19 and Their Family Members: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Chew Chii Chii , Lim Xin Jie , Chang Chee Tao , Rajan Philip , Nasir Nordin , Low Wah Yun
Published: February 2021

Background: Social stigma against persons infected with COVID-19 is not uncommon. This qualitative study aimed to explore the experience of social stigma among COVID-19 positive patients and their family members. This cross-sectional study was conducted between April to June 2020 in Malaysia. Patients recovered from COVID-19 for at least one month and their family members who were tested with negative results, Malaysian and aged 18-65 years old were purposively sampled. Cold call method was employed to recruit patients while their family members were recruited by their recommendations. Telephone interviews were conducted with the participants after obtaining their verbal consent.Results: Three themes emerged from the interviews: (Ι) experience of stigmatization, (ΙΙ) perspective on disease disclosure, and (ΙΙΙ) suggestion of coping and reducing stigma. The participants expressed their experiences of being isolated, labelled, stereotyped and blamed by the people surrounding them including the health care providers, neighbours, and staff at the service counters. Some respondents expressed their willingness to share their experience with others as a mean to stop the chain of virus transmission and while some of them chose to disclose the encountered history for official purpose because of fear and lack of understanding among the public. As suggested by the respondents, the approaches in addressing social stigma required the involvement of the government, the public, health care provider, and religious leader. Conclusion: Individuals recovered from COVID-19 and their families underwent experience of social stigma. Fear and lack of public understanding of the COVID-19 disease were the key factors for non-disclosure. Some expressed their willingness to share the experience and perceived it as method to increase public awareness and thereby reducing stigma. Multifaceted approaches with the involvement of multiple parties including the government, non-governmental organization as well as the general public were recommended as important measures to address the issues of social stigma.
Forkhead Box Q1 Expression Is Associated With Tumor Location of Right-Sided Colon, But Not With Acquisition of Oxaliplatin Resistance in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Yamano Tomoki , Kubo Shuji , Kominato Tomoko , Yano Aya , Takenaka Yuya , Son Jihyung , Kimura Kei , Yasuhara Michiko , Babaya Akihito , Kataoka Kozo , Beppu Naohito , Ikeda Masataka , Nishio Kazuto , Tomita Naohiro
Published: February 2021

Oxaliplatin (OHP) is a reagent for the standard treatment of advanced and recurrent colorectal cancer (CRC), although OHP resistance mechanisms are not fully elucidated. We found that OHP-resistant clones derived from HCT116, but not DLD1 were also resistant against the other drugs used for CRC treatment (5-fluorouracil, OHP, and trifluorothymidine) and their xenograft tumors were resistant against OHP treatment. Among the candidate genes derived from microarray analysis using the samples of OHP-resistant cells and their xenografts derived from HCT116, Forkhead box Q1 (FOXQ1) was further assessed for validation of OHP resistance and its association with clinicopathological features. Modification of FOXQ1 via siRNA knockdown and expression vector could not confirm the involvement of FOXQ1 in OHP resistance. In 173 CRC patients, FOXQ1 was upregulated in most CRC tumors compared to normal colonic mucosa. FOXQ1 expression was significantly different by tumor location of the right-sided colon cancer compared with left-sided and rectal cancer. Moreover, expression level was significantly associated with prognosis in advanced and recurrent patients. TCGA data also showed significant association of FOXQ1 expression with tumor location. Our results indicated that FOXQ1 expression is associated with tumor location of right-sided colon, but not with acquisition of OHP resistance in colorectal cancer.
Effect of EPSPS Gene Copy Number and Glyphosate Selection on Fitness of Glyphosate-Resistant Bassia Scoparia in The Field
Authors: Lim Charlemagne Ajoc , Jha Prashant , Kumar Vipan , Dyer Alan T.
Published: February 2021

The widespread evolution of glyphosate-resistant (GR) Bassia scoparia in the U.S. Great Plains poses a serious threat to the long-term sustainability of GR sugar beet. Glyphosate resistance in B. scoparia is due to an increase in the EPSPS (5-enolpyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate) gene copy number. The variation in EPSPS gene copies among individuals from within a single GR B. scoparia population indicated a differential response to glyphosate selection. We tested the hypothesis of reduced GR B. scoparia fitness (reproductive traits) to increasing glyphosate rates (applied as single or sequential applications) potentially experienced within a GR sugar beet field. The variation in EPSPS gene copy number and total glyphosate rate (single or sequential applications) did not influence any of the reproductive traits of GR B. scoparia, except seed production. Sequential applications of glyphosate with a total rate of 2,214 g ae ha− 1 or higher prevented seed production in B. scoparia plants with 2–4 (low levels of resistance) and 5–6 (moderate levels of resistance) EPSPS gene copies. Timely sequential applications of glyphosate (full recommended rates) can potentially slow down the evolution of GR B. scoparia with low to moderate levels of resistance (2–6 EPSPS gene copies), but any survivors (highly-resistant individuals with ≥ 8 EPSPS gene copies) need to be mechanically removed before flowering from GR sugar beet fields. This research warrants the need to adopt ecologically based, multi-tactic strategies to reduce exposure of B. scoparia to glyphosate in GR sugar beet.
Use of Different Devices for Surgical Treatment of Proximal Humerus Fractures in Adults: A Systematic Review
Authors: Pavone Vito , Vescio Andrea , Denaro Regina , Costa Danilo , Caruso Vincenzo Fabrizio , Condorelli Giuseppe , Sessa Giuseppe , Testa Gianluca
Published: February 2021

Background: Proximal humeral fracture is one of the most common osteoporotic fractures in elderly people. The proper treatment choice is controversial. Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with plate and screws is currently the most common treatment for the majority of displaced proximal humeral fractures. The aim of this systematic review is to investigate the surgical treatment outcomes of PHFs, focusing on main used devices and surgical approaches.Methods: From the earliest record up to 21 July 2020, two independent authors conducted a systematic review of two medical electronic database (PubMed and Science Direct). To achieve the maximum sensitivity of the search strategy, the following terms were combined: “(proximal NOT shaft NOT distal) AND humeral AND fracture AND (plate OR locking plate OR osteosynthesis NOT nail NOT arthroplasty)” as either key words or MeSH terms. The risk of bias of the included studies was assessed, agreeing to the Cochrane Handbook guidelines. Results: Thirty-four articles were initially noticed after the term string research in the two electronic databases. Finally, after full-text reading and analyzing the reference list, 8 studies were selected. The mean age recorded was 69.5 years (Range 67-72). All the studies included two-, three-, four-fragments fracture. Seven studies investigated PHILOS (Synthes, Bettlach, Switzerland) implants results, while one investigated CFR-PEEK plate (PEEK Power Humeral Fracture Plate; Arthrex, Naples, Florida, USA) outcomes or other plates. Deltopectoral and Transdeltoid approaches were the more common used.Conclusions: Both deltopectoral and transdeltoid approaches are valid approach in plating after proximal humerus fractures, for these reasons, the surgeon experience is crucial in the choice. The more valid implant is still unclear. The develop of prospective randomized comparative studies is strongly encourages.
PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors vs. Chemotherapy For Previously Treated Advanced Gastroesophageal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Zhong Maoxi , Zeng Xiaozhu , Xue Jinmin , Yue Yubing , Zhu Yuxi
Published: February 2021

Background: Patients with advanced gastroesophageal cancer refractory to previous regimen of chemotherapy suffered from poor prognosis without many effective treatment options. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) provide promising efficacy, but the relevant clinical trials have offered controversial data. Therefore, we performed this meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of inhibitors against programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1 versus chemotherapy as second or third-line therapy in patients with advanced gastroesophageal cancer.Materials and methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, and China National Knowledge Web. All studies regarding ICIs compared chemotherapy for advanced gastroesophageal cancer were included. Outcomes included the overall survival (OS)，progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR) and treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs). The hazard ratio (HR) and odds ratio (OR) were the principal measure of effect.Results: Finally we selected 7 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) including 3,141 patients. One study compared ICIs with placebo therapy only as reference. The meta-analysis was performed by combining 6 RCTs about the comparing ICIs with chemotherapy. Results indicated that both ORR (RR = 1.39, 95%CI 0.85-2.25, P = 0.188) and PFS (HR = 1.14, 95%CI 0.88-1.46, P = 0.316) were not significantly improved by ICIs compared with chemotherapy. However, the OS was significantly prolonged (HR = 0.85, 95%CI 0.75-0.97, P = 0.018) in ICIs group compared with chemotherapy. Subgroup analysis showed that ICIs provide statistically significant OS benefits over chemotherapy in patients of PD-L1 positive, squamous cell carcinoma, Asia origin, esophageal cancer, second-line treatment, male and patients aged 65 or older. Compared with chemotherapy, the TRAEs risk of ICIs was reduced by 33% (RR = 0.67, 95%CI 0.62-0.73, P = 0.000). And the risk of grade 3-5 TRAEs was reduced by 60% (RR = 0.40, 95%CI 0.33-0.49, P = 0.000). Conclusions: Compared to chemotherapy, ICIs appears to improve OS and are better tolerated in previously treated patients with advanced esophageal cancer. We recommend PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors as an optimal treatment option for patients with positive PD-L1 expression, squamous cell carcinoma, Asia origin, esophageal cancer, second-line treatment, male and ≥65 years of age.
Topical Administration of Raloxifene Does Not Significantly Improve Bone Toughness or Screw Pull-Out Strength in Multiple In Vitro Models
Authors: Eby Michael R. , Cristino Danielle M. , Counihan Matthew , Masada Kendall M. , Ahn Jaimo , Hast Michael W.
Published: February 2021

Background: A previous study has demonstrated an increase in mechanical properties of acellular canine bone after topical raloxifene exposure. The goal of this study was to determine if similar treatment yields the same results in bovine bone and whether this translates into a difference in screw pull-out strength in human cadaveric tissue. Methods: Matched pairs of bone specimens were submerged in solutions of either raloxifene (20 µM) or phosphate-buffered saline as a control for 7 days. In the first experiment, cancellous bone from fetal bovine distal femora underwent quasi-static four-point bending tests. In the second experiment, 3.5 mm unicortical cancellous screws were inserted to a 30 mm depth in human osteoporotic cadaveric humeral heads and quasi-static screw pull-out tests were performed. Results: In the four-point bending tests, there were no significant differences between the raloxifene and control groups for any of the mechanical properties - including stiffness (p = 0.326) and toughness (p = 0.850). In the screw pull-out tests, the raloxifene soaked samples trended towards a higher load at failure, without statistical significance (p = 0.099). Failure loads were 122 ± 74.3 N and 89.5 ± 63.8 N for the raloxifene and control groups, respectively.Conclusions: Biologic solutions that address the acute improvement of bone quality during the fracture healing timeframe are an important area of future research and untapped potential for reducing construct failure in osteoporotic fracture fixation. The bovine samples did not demonstrate an increase in toughness with raloxifene treatment, which is in contrast to previously published data. In vivo experiments are likely required to determine whether topical use of raloxifene will improve implant fixation.
Red Blood Cells in The First Trimester and The Risk of Gestational Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Jia Jiajing , Yang Ying , Zhang Minjin , Lin Li , Chen Yequn , Guo Tonglei , Xu Qin , Wang Long , Peng Zuoqi , Guo Changlong , Wang Xingyu , Chen Yixin , Ma Xu
Published: February 2021

Background: This research aimed to assess the potential association of gestational diabetes (GDM) with early trimester hematological parameters including hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell (RBC), white blood cell (WBC), and platelet count (PLT) through a prospective cohort study.Methods: The prospective cohort included pregnant women subjected to prenatal examination at Shantou and Beijing hospitals in China from March 2014 to December 2015. Data were collected since the first perinatal visit in obstetrics clinics, and then participants were followed up at 24, 32, 36 gestational weeks and the time of delivery, respectively. Multivariable adjusted logistic regression models were conducted to estimate odds ratio (OR) and its corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI).Results: A total of 1004 pregnant women with singletons, less than 12 gestational weeks, and without history of chronic disease were eligible for analysis. The incidence of GDM was 18.82%, and the mean age was 29.50 ± 3.84 years. Total of 187 (18.63%) women who had abnormal RBC level and 222 (22.11%) had abnormal Hb in the first trimester of pregnancy. After multivariable adjustment, each unit increment in numeric RBC or Hb was associated with 177% and 4% increased risk for GDM. The risk for GDM was significantly increased with higher RBC (OR: 2.00 for RBC>4.55×1012 /L) and Hb (OR: 2.14 for Hb>139 g/L) levels in the first trimester.Conclusions: Elevated RBC and Hb in the first trimester are associated with increasing risk of GDM. Further evidence are warranted to confirm these possible causal relationships.
A Stable Gene Set for Prediction of Prognosis and Efficacy of Chemotherapy in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Wu Rui , Guo Sixuan , Lai Shuhui , Pan Guixing , Zhang Linyi , Liu Huanbing
Published: February 2021

Background

Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. How to eliminate gastric cancer is an urgent public health problem. Prediction of prognosis is critical to the development of clinical treatment regimens. The aim of this study was to establish a stable prognostic gene set to guide the clinical diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer.
Methods

A public microarray dataset of TCGA providing clinical information was obtained. The selection operator regression method was used to reduce the dimensionality of stable prognostic genes identified via the bootstrap method and survival analysis.
Conclusion

We established two prognostic models, respectively designated as stable gene risk score of OS(SGRS-OS) and stable gene risk score of PFI(SGRS-PFI) consisting of 18 and 21 genes. With specific risk score formulae, the SGRS set possesses a strong ability to predict overall survival and progression-free interval through both univariate and multivariate analyses. Compared with the TNM stage, the SGRS set showed much higher predictive accuracy. Further analysis revealed that patients with higher SGRS exhibited worse chemotherapy outcomes. Our SGRS set may be an effective tool to predict survival and guide treatment in patients with gastric cancer.
Which Renewable Energy Consumption Is More Efficient by Fuzzy Edas Method Based on Pestle Dimensions
Authors: DEMIRTAS Ozgur , DERINDAG Omer Faruk , Zaralı Fulya , Ocal Oguz , Aslan Alper
Published: February 2021

Energy planning contains a continuous process to reassess alternative energy strategies. The authorities responsible for energy planning and management have to adjust their strategies to new and improved alternative resources according to sustainability criteria. The most efficient forms of renewable energy such as geothermal, solar, wind, hydroelectricity and biomass. In this paper, Analytical Hierarchy Process (APH) is employed to see the best renewable energy resources by taking Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal and Environmental dimensions into account. We concluded that the most efficient use of renewable energy alternatives is based on Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal and Environmental different dimensions, from the most effective to the least effective such as geothermal, solar, biomass, wind and hydropower.
Synovial fluid IL-1β appears useful for the diagnosis of chronic periprosthetic joint infection
Authors: Wang Hai , Qin LeiLei , Wang Jiawei , Huang Wei
Published: February 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the role of synovial fluid interleukin (IL)-1β in diagnosing chronic periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) and to identify the optimal threshold of synovial fluid IL-1β for differentiating chronic PJI from aseptic failure after knee and hip arthroplasties.MethodsBetween January 2019 and December 2019, we prospectively included patients scheduled to have a revision surgery for chronic PJI or aseptic failure after total joint arthroplasty. Then synovial IL-1β was additionally measured along with routine preoperative diagnostic serum and synovial biomarkers. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the curve (AUC) were analyzed for each biomarker to determine diagnostic efficacy.ResultsOf the 93 patients included, their demographic data were not found to be statistically significant. The median synovial IL-1β levels were significantly higher in the chronic PJI group than in the aseptic group (894.73 pg/mL vs. 34.49 pg/mL, P<0.01). The AUC for synovial fluid IL-1β was 0.991, which was higher than serum ESR (0.627) and CRP (0.712). The optimal threshold value for detecting chronic PJI of synovial IL-1β was 312.7 pg/mL, with a sensitivity of 97.3% and a specificity of 94.64%. And the combined measurement of synovial fluid IL-1β and synovial fluid PMN% can led to a specificity of 1, and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 1.ConclusionsThe present study demonstrated that synovial fluid IL-1β is a valuable biomarker for detection of chronic PJI. The combination of synovial fluid IL-1β and PMN% led to an improvement in specificity compared with evaluation of each single index.Trial registrationThis study was prospectively registered on Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (a non-profit organization, established according to both the WHO International Clinical Trials Register Platform Standard and Ottawa Group Standard), and the registering number was ChiCTR1800020440.Registered 29 December 2018.
Transcriptome-wide Development and Utilization of Novel Intron-length Polymorphic (ILP) Markers in Common Vetch (Vicia Sativa Subsp. Sativa)
Authors: Wei Xingyi , Wang Qiuxia , Ma Yitong , Liu Wenxian
Published: February 2021

Common vetch (Vicia sativa subsp. sativa) is one of the most economically important forage legumes with rich nutritional value and multiple uses. Though the large-scale development and application of microsatellite markers have been conducted in common vetch germplasm evaluation, the investigation and exploitation of intron-length polymorphic (ILP) markers have not been systematically analyzed. In this study, the intron positions of common vetch genome were located by aligning the RNA-Seq sequences of common vetch with Medicago truncatula, soybean (Glycine max), and Arabidopsis thaliana genomic sequences, and used for VsILP marker development. A total of 10,400 markers were generated from 44,582 common vetch unigenes. Out of 300 randomly selected VsILP markers, 283 resulted in successful amplification in common vetch. Among these markers, 40 produced length variation in 30 common vetch accessions, collectively yielding 166 alleles with an average of 4.0 alleles per locus. The polymorphic information content (PIC) values extended from 0.06 to 0.81 with a mean of 0.49. Of the 283 VsILP markers, 84.8% exhibited transferability to leguminous and non-leguminous species. We presented here the first large-scale development of ILP markers in common vetch and their utility in germplasm evaluation and transferability, which will be valuable for further comparative genomic studies, genetic relationship assessments, and marker-assisted breeding of leguminous and non-leguminous species.