bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Preliminary Assessment of the Competitiveness of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion Technologies
Authors: Takeshita Takayuki
Published: October 2013

Ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) is a form of solar energy that can produce electricity on a non-intermittent basis. In this paper, a regionally disaggregated global energy system model with a detailed treatment of the electricity supply sector is used to examine the competitiveness of OTEC technologies for each of 48 world regions over the period to 2050 under a constraint of halving global energy-related CO2 emissions in 2050 compared to the 2000 level. It is first shown that an over 20% reduction in the reference OTEC electricity generation costs would enable OTEC technologies to account for a noticeable share of the global electricity generation by 2050 under the CO2 constraint. It is then shown that by-products from OTEC technologies could significantly enhance their cost competitiveness in the global electricity generation sector. It is finally shown that southeastern Asia (mainly Indonesia and Timor-Leste), Latin America (mainly Central America), and Oceania are the regions attractive for the deployment of OTEC technologies.
Higher Alcohols Synthesis from CO2 Hydrogenation over K2O-Modified CuZnFeZrO2 Catalysts
Authors: Guo Wei , Gao Wen Gui , Wang Hua , Tian Jun Jie
Published: October 2013

The CuZnFeZrO2 catalysts were synthesized by co-precipitation method.,and then used to synthesize different content of K2O modified CuZnFeZrO2 catalysts by deposition-precipitation method.Hydrogenation of CO2 to higher alcohols over (K2O)x/CuZnFeZrO2 catalysts were investigated at 523 K,3.0 MPa and 3000 h-1.These catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD),temperature programmed reduction of H2 (H2-TPR),and temperature-programmed desorption of CO2 (CO2-TPD).The results showed the addition of an appropriate amount of Potassium to the CuZnZrO2 catalysts improved catalytic activity ,the space time yield (STY) and C2+OH selectivity. When the Fe content is 5% best, at this time the space time yield of selectivity and alcohol of C2+ alcohol reaches the maximum value, this time space and time conversion rate is 0.32g/ml·h.
Overview of Bio-Oil Upgrading via Catalytic Cracking
Authors: Liao Hang Tao , Ye Xiao Ning , Lu Qiang , Dong Chang Qing
Published: October 2013

Fast pyrolysis of biomass to produce bio-oil is an important technology to utilize lignocellulosic biomass, because the liquid bio-oil is regarded as a promising candidate of petroleum fuels. However, bio-oil is a low-grade liquid fuel, and required to be upgraded before it can be directly utilized in existing thermal devices. Catalytic cracking is an effective way to upgrade bio-oil, which can be performed either on the liquid bio-oil or the pyrolysis vapors. Various catalysts have been prepared and used for catalytic cracking, and they exhibited different catalytic capabilities. This paper will review the recent progress of the catalytic cracking of liquid bio-oil or pyrolysis vapors.
The Effect of Cesium Carbonate Modified Layer on the Performance of Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Hu Jin Min , Xie Shuang Wei , Wen Jian , Liang Xiao Min
Published: October 2013

Experiments found that the thickness of the cesium carbonate modified layer of the processing solution will affect the performance of the polymer solar cells. We dissolved cesium carbonate in an organic solvent 2-ethoxyethanol, and prepared cesium carbonate modified layer of different thickness at different rotational speed. When the rotationing speed was at 2000 r/min, the efficiency of the device was preferably 2.28%, which indicated that the thickness prepared at this speed was most advantageous to the enhancement of the performance of the device. In addition, by annealing cesium carbonate modified layer at 130°C and 150°C, we found that the performance degradation of the annealing device at higher temperature was due to the fact that too much of the energy destroyed the micro-structure of the formed active layer.
Identifying the Optimal Point of Interconnection Based on the Complex Network Theory
Authors: Ma Tian Lin , Yao Jian Xi , Qi Cheng , Zhu Hong Lu , Ma Tian Hai
Published: October 2013

The issue about choosing the point of interconnection is important to reduce the impact of Photovoltaic generation to the power grid security and investment. Here we present a model to identify the optimal point of Photovoltaic generation interconnection, based on the identification method of the critical elements in the complex network theory. In the model, the critical threshold is used as the measure index which reflects the minimum capacity of power grid to maintain every element stable operation. The simulations are carried out in the IEEE-118 power system, the IEEE-145 power system and the IEEE-162 power system, and the results show that the nodes with relative large electrical betweenness are good choice of the Photovoltaic generation interconnection points and the generation nodes are better choices compared to the transmission nodes. The work may have a certain guiding significance for the selection of Photovoltaic generation interconnection point and the planning of power system.
The Development Research of Plug and Play Rectifier Fault Diagnosis Device
Authors: Lu Fang , Liu Hong Da , Fan Wei Yuan , Zhang Wen Hao , Shen Nai Jun , Zhang Li
Published: October 2013

Based on support vector machines (SVM) theory, the method of fault diagnosis for controlled rectifier circuits is expanded to study in the paper, by the basis we analysis the method can be applied to diode rectifier circuit and verified it through the experiment. In addition to this , the rectifier circuit with different types of loads are also simulated to describe the reason this method is applicable to the different types of loads. In the premise of ensuring the accuracy of the method, through the expansion of research, the fault diagnosis method has broader prospects and higher practical value.
Urban Growth in China: Problems and Solutions
Authors: He Ge , Peng Zhao Xia
Published: October 2013

s. There has been obvious urban growth in china over the last decades in the contest of China has achieved great economic development. This paper attempts to present some solutions after analyzing the problems of urban growth in China.
China State Grid Information Data Platform Construction for Energy Efficiency Services
Authors: He Gui Xiong , Zhong Ming , Yan Hua Guang , Jiang Li Min
Published: October 2013

In the global carbon emission reduction and energy saving environment, the State Grid Corporation is actively establishing energy service system, building a national grid of energy efficiency services data platform. The data through three ways, such as submitted, the existing data extraction and on-line monitoring, are captured for largest energy users, and then uploaded to the company's headquarter data platform through a variety of communication means of the State Grid Corporation private and public network. Headquarter platform take energy efficiency modeling and data analysis with mass data storage, data mining, OLAP, and other technologies.
Energy Saving and Emission Reduction Potential Analysis Based on Industrial Structure and Scientific Technology Progress in China
Authors: Wu Le Ya , Zeng Wei Hua , Wu Hao
Published: October 2013

Energy saving and emission reduction is a necessary way for China to develop low carbon economy. Based on the knowledge of industrial structure adjustment and scientific technology progress, a potential analysis is addressed through four general models, namely modified structure evolution-energy intensity interconnection model, modified structure evolution-carbon dioxide emission intensity interconnection model, scientific technology progress-energy intensity interconnection model and scientific technology progress-carbon dioxide emission intensity interconnection model. It shows that both industrial structure adjustment and scientific technology have a great significance on energy saving and carbon emission reduction in China during the period from 1995 to 2010, and industrial structure adjustment shows more energy saving and emission reduction potential than scientific technology progress. With the development of industrial structure and scientific technology, during the 12th five-year plan period, the energy intensity saving potential of them are 0.5166 and 1.0526tce/10,000RMB respectively; and the carbon emission intensity potential of them are 1.2883 and 2.9536t/10,000RMB respectively. So it is very important to make full use of scientific technology progress potential to service for energy saving and emission reduction in the future.
A Simple Design Method for Thermal Performance of Parabolic Troughs Solar Field
Authors: Li Shi Dong
Published: October 2013

In this paper, a simple design method for 1 MW parabolic troughs solar power is discussed.The design of a thermal performance of parabolic troughs solar field was developed in China. In the design process, the following factors were analyzed: beam irradiance,parabolic troughs solar field area, heat loss, inlet temperature and flow rate. The simple method was established with the energy balance analysis base on the simplified heat loss of the parabolic troughs , The model was also used to calculate thermal performance of parabolic troughs solar field. Conclusions of this paper are good references for the engineering design to quickly determine the thermal performance of parabolic troughs solar field.
Nitrogen Foam Anti-Edge Water-Incursion Technology for Heavy Oil Reservoir with Edge Water
Authors: Wang Jie Xiang , Wang Teng Fei , Fan ZeXia
Published: October 2013

The steam stimulation is a main method to develop the heavy oil reservoir. However, the huff-puff wells will be water-flooded quickly if the reservoir has edge water, and the oil production level will decrease sharply. An experimental device, which can simulate edge water and steam stimulation process, was designed according to the feature of Henan heavy oil reservoir with edge water on the basis of steam flooding device, and the effect factors and application conditions of nitrogen foam anti-edge water-incursion technology were researched. The results show that the anti-edge water-incursion technology is suitable for the heavy oil reservoir with a medium energy edge water, and a better foam plugging will be got if the technology is applied at the time of serious water-flooded. The optimum injection pattern of the technology is a N2 slug first, followed by a nitrogen foam slug, and then the steam slug. Field tests were proceeded on the basis of experiment results and field experience, the operation success rate is 100%, the average drainage period reduces by 0.7d, the average cycle water cut reduces by 23%, the average cycle oil production increases by 2 times, and the average single-well oil-steam ratio increases by 0.25. So the technology can reduce water cut and increase oil production significantly, and the target of edge water inhibition is achieved.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of TRIP Steel Residual Austenite Stacking Fault Development
Authors: Li H.Y. , Li X.C. , Li J.H. , Ma J.L. , Zhang Y.J.
Published: October 2013

TRIP (Transformation induced plasticity) steel has a good combination of high strength and high plasticity which depend on the micro phase transformation and staking fault development greatly. C atom was typical alloying agent of austenite and plays an important role in austenite behavior, especially for staking fault nucleation. As a micro materials behavior, molecular dynamics simulation was carried out to discuss the effect of C atom on the staking fault nucleation. From the simulation result we can find that carbon influence the staking fault nucleation greatly, with the increasing of the number of C atoms, strain for staking fault form decreased, system with 4 C atoms staking fault formed when strain was 7.5% and for system without C atoms there are no staking fault with local tension strain up to 10%. Under the same deformation, stacking fault distribution was uniform for the system with 1 carbon and become uneven with the increasing of the C atom.
Butanol Production Using Carbohydrate-Enriched Chlorella vulgaris as Feedstock
Authors: Wang Yue , Guo Wan Qian , Chang Jo Shu , Ren Nan Qi
Published: October 2013

Butanol is considered as a potential fuel due to several advantage over ethanol. However, it is still of urgent demand to identify better feedstock, which is more renewable and cost-effective, for the production of bio-butanol. Microalgae can mitigate CO2 emission and convert CO2 into biomass abundant in carbohydrates, and thus appear as emerging third-generation feedstock for fermentation. In this study, an isolated microalga Chlorella vulgaris was cultivated photoautotrophically and the biomass was then harvested for the use in butanol fermentation with a Clostridium acetobutylicum strain via acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation. The results show that 3.37 g L-1 of butanol was produced from 111g of acid-pretreated biomass of C. vulgaris. This demonstrates the potential of using microalgal feedstock for fermentative butanol production. The results also suggest that to improve hydrolysis efficiency of C. vulgaris, higher concentration of sulfuric acid (>2%) should be used.
Microwave-Assisted FeCl3·6H2O-Catalyzed Regioselective Deprotection of Pyranose Anomeric O-Acetyl Group
Authors: Wang Qiang , Liu Guo Dong , Gong Shan Shan , Sun Qi
Published: October 2013

Treatment of peracetylated pyranoses with FeCl3·6H2O in acetonitrile under microwave conditions provides an efficient and mild method for regioselective deprotection of anomeric O-acetyl group. The experimental results indicated that the employment of microwave could notably improve the reaction efficacy compared with the conventional heating condition.
Synthesis and Characterization of the Hyperbranched Polyamide with Triphenyl Phosphorus Structure and the Influence on Mechanical Property of Nylon-6
Authors: Tang Xu Dong , Kong Qi Ming
Published: October 2013

Due to the unique molecular structure, hyperbranched polymers showed many characteristics,such as high solubility, low viscosity and high-activity. Therefore, it had been widely applied in different areas. In this paper, isophthaloyl chloride (IPC) was used as A2monomer and tri (3-aminophenyl) phosphine oxide (TAPPO) was used as B3monomer, compounding hyperbranched polyamide with triphenyl phosphorus structure . The best reaction conditions were obtained that the molar ratio of TAPPO and IPC was 1.5:1, the reaction temperture was 50°C, the reaction concentration was 0.1 mol/L and the reaction time was 2h.Besides, the structure of the polymer was characterized by FT-IR and H1-NMR analysis.The1H-NMR result showed that the branched degree of hyperbranched polyamide was 0.36.The DSC result showed that the glass transition temperature (Tg) was 130.7 °C. When the addition of P-HBPA content was 0.5% in PA6/P-HBPA blends, the properties of tensile strength, elongation at break and impact strength reached the maximum.
Wind Tunnel Test of Effect of Sound-Absorbing Material on Lift of Two-Element Airfoil
Authors: Gao Yong Wei , Zhu Qi Liang , Wang Long
Published: October 2013

The flow parameters of fluctuating pressure and fluctuating velocity in the gap can be changed by the porous absorption material on the leading edge of upper surface of the flap of multi-element airfoil (GAW-1),and the aerodynamic characteristics is also altered. Experiment was conducted in the NF-3 wind tunnel. It turns out that porous absorption material has a significant effect on fluctuating velocity (i.e. turbulent kinetic energy), and the lift coefficient drops when fluctuating velocity increases ; but the influence on RMS of fluctuating pressure on upper surface is not obvious; the average speed in gap is reduced. The PSD of fluctuating pressure and fluctuating velocity show that low-frequency signal has a more obvious influence on lift of multi-element airfoils than high-frequency.
A Solvent-Free Synthetic Technique for Epoxidized Methyl-α-Eleostearate Catalyzed by Cation Exchange Resin
Authors: Zhou Jin Hua , Li Ni , Yang Jing , Ma Wen Jie , Sun Han Zhou
Published: October 2013

Epoxidized methyl-α-eleostearate (EME) is a new kind of plant oil-based epoxidized aliphatic acid ester which starts from Tung oil. Tung oil is a special, but abundant biomass resource in China. A solvent-free synthetic technique for EME catalyzed by cation exchange resin was developed. Experimental results showed that the optimal synthetic conditions for EME were as follows: cation exchange resin dosage 5% (wt, calculated by methyl-α-eleostearate), material molar ratio of methyl-α-eleostearate, H2O2 and CH3COOH 1:5:2.5, reaction duration 3 h and reaction temperature 65 °C. EME epoxy value reaches 6.5% under the optimal preparation conditions. The newly developed green technique features low cost, simple operation, low energy consumption, less pollution, short production cycle and good quality and is promising to be industrialized.
Crystal Structure of Na(I) Complex with 1,5-Naphthalenedisulfonate
Authors: Wang Li Hua , Ji Zhi Xiang
Published: October 2013

A new Na (I) complex, [Na (H2O)5(DMF)]·(L) (L=1,5-naphthalenedisulfonate) has been obtained in the CH3CH2OH and a little DMF solution. The complex was characterized by X-ray single crystal diffraction analysis. The results showed that the local geometry around central Na (I) ion can be described a distorted octahedral environment which connected by five water molecules and one DMF molecule. The complex formed one dimensional chain structure through intramolecule and intermolecule hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking.
Study on the Hyperbranched Polyphosphate Ester Modified Epoxy Resin
Authors: Tang Xu Dong , Tan Sheng Long
Published: October 2013

Mechanical properties and flame retardant property of the cured epoxy resins contained different content of hyperbranched polyphosphate ester(HPPE) were studyed. The results indicated that the tensile strength and the impact strength were inceased to11.26% and 306% respectively with HPPE loadings of 15%,besides the Oxygen Index(OI) value increased from 22 to 33 which shows a good flame retardant property was obtained.
Synthesis of AZT 5'-Selenophosphoramidates via AZT 5'-H-Phosphonamidates
Authors: Li Xing Jian , Gong Shan Shan , Sun Qi
Published: October 2013

A novel and efficient method for the preparation of AZT 5'-selenophosphoramidates has been developed. Silylation of AZT 5'-H-phosphonamidates, followed by oxidative coupling and hydrolysis afforded 5'-selenophosphoramidates of AZT in good yields.
Study on Photochromic Properties of 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2-[2-methyl-5-(1,3-dioxolane)-3-thienyl]perfluorocyclopentene
Authors: Ding Hai Xin , Jia Hong Jing , Fan Cong Bin , Liu Gang
Published: October 2013

A new unsymmetrical photochromic diarylethene 1o, which is named 1-(2- methoxyphenyl)-2-[2-methyl-5-(1,3-dioxolane)-3-thienyl]perfluorocyclopentene, was synthesized. Its photochromic and simulated molecule structure were also investigated in detail. This diarylethene underwent reversible photochromism, changing between colorless and blue in hexane solution upon appropriate irradiation with UV/vis light. The kinetic experiments illustrated that the cyclization/cycloreversion process of this compound was determined to be the zeroth/first reaction. In addition, this compound can be used as optical recording materials.
Photochromic Kinetics of a Novel Unsymmetrical Diarylethene
Authors: Jia Hong Jing , Geng Wei Wei , Pu Shou Zhi
Published: October 2013

A new unsymmetrical photochromic diarylethene1o, which is named 1-[2-methyl-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-thienyl)-2-{2-methyl-5-[4-methoxyl-3-(2-(1,3-dioxolane)) phenyl]-3-thienyl} perfluorocyclopentene, was synthesized. Its optical properties, including photochromic reactivity, kinetics and fluorescence properties were investigated in detail. The result indicated that the diarylethene underwent reversible photochromism, changing between colorless and blue in hexane solution upon appropriate irradiation with UV light or visible light, respectively. What is more, the kinetic experiments illustrated that the cyclization/cycloreversion process of this compound was determined to be the zeroth/first reaction. In addition, the results demonstrated that the unsymmetrical diarylethene compound1ohad remarkable fluorescence switching properties.
Synthesis and Properties of 1-(2-methyl-5-chlorine-3-thienyl)-2-(2-ethyl-benzofuran-3-Yl) perfluorocyclopentene and Application
Authors: Sun Feng Xia , Wei Sha Sha , Pu Shou Zhi
Published: October 2013

A novel unsymmetrical photochromic diarylethene, 1-(2-methyl-5-chlor-ine-3-thienyl)-2-(2-ethyl-benzofuran-3-yl) perfluorocyclopentene (1a), was synthesized and its photochromism and photo-induced anisotropy was investigated. Specifically, photochromism in solution and in PMMA amorphous films were studied. The diarylethene showed exhibited reversible photochromism, changing from colorless to red after irradiation with UV light both in solution and in PMMA amorphous film. This new photochromic system also exhibited remarkable optical storage character.
Synthesizes and Properties Research of a Photochromic Diarylethene Bearing a Hexatomic Ring
Authors: Sun Zhi Yuan , Geng Wei Wei , Pu Shou Zhi
Published: October 2013

A new photochromic diarylethene compound 1-(2-cyan-3-phenyl)-2-[5-(4-cyanobenzene) -2-methyl-3-thienyl] perfluorocyclopentene was synthesized. And their properties inculding photochromis, fluorescence in both hexane and solid films, reaction kinetics of cyclization and cycloreversion were studied. And its absorption maxima were observed at 539 nm in hexane and at 552 nm in PMMA films, respectively, upon irradiation with 313 nm UV light. The fluorescence intensity of diarylethene decreased upon irradiation with 313 nm UV light. Besides, the cyclization and cycloreversion processes of the compound were determined to be the zeroth and first order reaction by UV-Vis spectra, respectively.
Hollow Fiber Supported Ionic Liquid Liquid-Phase Microextraction for Determination of Parathion in Environmental Water Sample
Authors: Zhou Bo , Huang Du Shu , Xu Shi Juan , Wu Na , Liu Wei
Published: October 2013

A simple, environmentally friendly and fast method for the enrichment of parathion in water sample based on enhancement effect of room temperature ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium hexafluorophosphate, BmimPF6) for hollow fiber membrane liquid phase microextraction followed with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has been developed. The effects of the analytical conditions such as the extraction time, extraction temperature, the pH of the sample solution, etc., were studied. Under optimized conditions, the value of the extraction efficiency can reach 195 for parathion.
Environmental Effects of Soil Salt in the Arid Area under the Human Beings' Interference
Authors: Zhang Hui Zhi , Wang Rang Hui
Published: October 2013

This paper mainly discussed the relations about the environmental effects of soil salt in the arid area in the west China,especially under the human being activity.Based on soil sampling and chemical analysis,some features are fund out. From the beginning of soil physical and chemical properties,the spacial distribution features and temporal change characteristics of soil salt are pointed out. Furthormore,the complexity of environmental effects of soil salt are revealed in a sense.In order to improve environmental quality,human beings should pay attention to the coupling between water and soil as well as the water resource,vegetation resource and land resource management in the arid area.
Response of Carbon Sink Dynamic Behaviors to River Flood in Karst Area – A Case Study in the Li River of Guilin
Authors: Du Wen Yue , Liu Qi , Jiang Yan , Li You Ling
Published: October 2013

Li River appeared successively three times floods during May 8-17, 2012. We were high-frequency monitoring during the flood once every hour, real time monitoring the pH value, water temperature, EC(electrical conductivity), pCO2(carbon dioxide partial pressure), HCO3- and flow rate, analyzing karst carbon sinks dynamic changes during the flood. It was found that river hydrochemistry and karst carbon sinks in different stages with different variations in Li River. These floods were divided into 5 stages to discuss, researches have shown: AtIand Vstage the river hydrochemistry is not subjected to flooding, pCO2 and pH value, water temperature has distinct characteristics of diurnal variation. EC, flow rate and HCO3- is relatively stable; II, III and IV stage appear different changes characteristics are due to effects of flood, flow rate and HCO3- have a positive correlation at IV stage, with opposite of stage II and III stage. We use water chemistry-runoff method to calculate the amount of carbon sinks in the flood, found in the flood related coefficients between carbon sink and HCO3-, flow rate respectively 0.87 and 0.33. The carbon sink is 3491.06 t C during the flood monitoring, in which carbon sink at IVstage in flood are 4.52 times prior to the flood, which account for that carbon sink in the flood is much larger than the front of flood.
Experimental Study on Freeze Thaw Resistance Concrete
Authors: Yang Fu Yun
Published: October 2013

In this paper, through the domestic and foreign research experience, the orthogonal experiment on some factors affecting the durability of concrete is designed. By range analysis the tests identify the effects of various factors on frost resistance, therefore this paper presents the optimum mixture ratio.
The Application of Natural Collagen Materials and Tissue Engineering on Repair for Exercise-Induced Meniscus Injury
Authors: Wang Zhi Ping
Published: October 2013

With the development of tissue engineering and materials science, through the research of meniscus tissue engineering to discover novel tissue engineering materials, and further accelerate the research of meniscus tissue engineering, through clinical trials and application of finding appropriate meniscus substitute, which can provide a new mode of treatment for meniscus repair. The focus of the current study including the mechanism of meniscus injury can absorb the natural collagen meniscus tissue engineering scaffolds as feasibility analysis, stress stimulation, meniscus recovery mechanical factors in 4 aspects. Research shows that it has a good application prospect and wider space for meniscus tissue engineering repair of exercise-induced meniscus injury. But in practical application, the meniscus tissue engineering scaffold construction, research on extra cellular matrix composite and its tissue compatibility, repair after tissue engineering meniscus stress stimulation and can withstand the mechanical factors the problem is still the meniscus tissue engineering problems.
Effect of Activator on Mechanical Properties and Porosity of Cement-Base Repair Mortar
Authors: Xu Jian Le , Xue Long Fei , Yi Jue Fei
Published: October 2013

This study investigated the different effect of three chemical activators on mechanical properties and porosity of cement-base repair mortar, whose binder consists of 80% cement and 20% mineral admixture. Test of mechanical properties indicate that the addition of 5% chemical activator A increase both the early and later strengths of repair mortar. The presence of 3% chemical activator C increase the early strength but has no significantly affect on the later strength. Measurement of pore structure indicate that repair mortar with chemical activator has lower total porosity and finer pore structure due to the presence of chemical activator which accelerate the pozzolanic reaction and densify the mortar pore structure.
Crystal Structure and Optical Characterizations of Titanium-Doped Zinc Oxide Thin Films for Organic Photovoltaic Applications
Authors: Zhong Zhi You , Wang H. , Zhang T. , Lan C. , Chen S.B.
Published: October 2013

Thin films of transparent conducting titanium-doped zinc oxide (TZO) were deposited by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering technique using a sintered ceramic target of ZnTiO3. The structural and optical properties of the thin films were characterized with X-ray diffraction and spectrophotometer. The results show that the polycrystalline TZO thin films consist of the hexagonal crystal structures withc-axis as the preferred growth orientation normal to the substrate, and that the titanium doping level significantly affects the crystal structures and optical properties of the thin films. The TZO film deposited with the titanium content of 3 wt% has the relatively well crystallinity, the largest crystal size and the highest average visible transmittance. Furthermore, the optical constants and optical energy gaps of the thin films were determined by optical characterization method.
An Energy Metering Communication Model Based on IEC 61850
Authors: Bai Jing Fen , Lin Fan Tao , Wu Shou Jian , Xu Ying Hui , Song Xiao Hui , Zhao Sha
Published: October 2013

Energy metering is an important part of the power system. As the most integrated communication standards of power system, IEC61850 has not completely cover the metering information yet. Based on the analysis of metering system in substation, this paper establishes a complete energy metering communication model with extended three logical nodes and new five logical nodes in accordance with the principle of IEC61850 data model extensions. An appropriate IEC61850 service model is also described. Especially the use of documents for freeze data communication transmission, chunks of frozen data index and upload issues is solved excellently.
Research on Architecture Survivability of Wireless Networks
Authors: Sun Hua Feng
Published: October 2013

In this paper, the network architecture of wireless network systems survivability, the ideas based on intrusion tolerance, redundancy and diversity of technology will be combined, using threshold cryptography, presents a viable network server security architecture. This proposal implements key features of the system security and robustness, the database system to meet the survivability requirements for building a wireless network server architecture has important reference value.
Design of LED Display-Screen System Base on TMS320F2812
Authors: Yang Bao Liang , Bao Song Jian , Yang Shou Liang
Published: October 2013

LED Display-Screen is widely used as one of display Terminals to reveal the information in all aspects. With the improvement of living standards, people demand LED display screen to work with the high quality, high speed and high intelligence. The paper presents a method to design LED display-Screen with TMS320F2812 DSP chip of TI, Meanwhile it uses GPRS to communicate with the telephone and the information platform for convenient remote control, it can constitute a large LED display with the CAN bus and so on. The test shows that the system is reasonable, realizable, operated easily, flexible, adaptable to environment, low price, and it is useful in practice after being proved in the practical system.
Key words: Display-Screen;TMS320F2812;DSP ;GPRS;
Synthesis, Characterization and Application of 2, 2'- Methylene-Bis (4,6-Di-Tert-Butyl-Phenyl) Phosphate Sodium
Authors: Huang Wei Jiang , He Wen Tao , Yu Jie , Zhang Kai , Qin Shu Hao , Gao Jing
Published: October 2013

2, 2'- methylene-bis (4,6-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) phosphate sodium (NA-11), a nucleator of polypropylene (PP) was high-efficiently prepared with homemade 2,2-methylene-bis (4,6-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) phosphorus oxychloride as raw materials by means of hydrolysis and neutralization, and the overall yield of the product was 95.9 %. The synthesized product was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetry (TG), elemental analysis and 31P-NMR. Polypropylene was modified with the synthesized product as a nucleating agent. The results showed that the tensile strength, flexural strength, and the flexural modulus of composites increased by 12.1%, 30.2%, 41.0% respectively when the synthesized product is 0.1wt%, and the haze decreased form 42.9% to 17.3%.
Thermal Behavior Regression Analysis for Dual Linear Feed Drive Mechanism with Self-Tuning PLS
Authors: Lin Xian Kun , Wu Qian Qian
Published: October 2013

Gantry dual direct drive mechanism has lots of advantages in translation process for large-sized high speed machine tools. In order to explore the temperature factors inducing thermal deformation behavior of the mechanism, a methodology with self-tuning partial least squares (PLS) linear regression was brought forward to analyze the thermal process on the basis of experiments with a system of thermocouples and interferometer. Temperature variations from the points where the thermocouples were attached were screened intelligently with genetic algorithm in the regression calculations. With the resultant self-tuning PLS regression, the relations between temperature distribution characteristics of those a few screened points and thermal errors were explored in a discussion. The test results from this obtained regression model show that the proposed method can effectively filter the multiple correlations of the temperature variables and reach high identification accuracy. As a result, the study provides a theoretical foundation for both better design of the mechanism and online error compensation requirement.
Preliminary Study on the Effect of Operating Conditions on the Measurement Accuracy of Electronic Type Electric Energy Meter
Authors: Yu Hai Bo , Liu Jia , Wang Chun Yu , Li Li , Tong Rui Ming
Published: October 2013

The verification of electronic type electric energy meter is under strict reference conditions, but some special operating conditions at locale will exceed the standard scopes. In order to improve the calculation accuracy and operating reliability of electric energy meter under operating conditions, it is necessary to study the operating conditions. According to the working principle and the standard verification regulation of electronic type electric energy meter, this paper summarizes these operating conditions: low power factor, harmonic waves, dynamic impulsive load, voltage fluctuation and outside magnetic field of power frequency, then analyzes the causes of operating conditions and their influence on electronic type electric energy meter, eventually lays foundation for thorough and systematic study of electric energy meter in the operating conditions, and establishes measurement center database of operating conditions.
Forces Analysis of Piston Couple in Swash-Plate Axial Piston Motor
Authors: Shi Jin Yan
Published: October 2013

Hydraulic motor is an important hydraulic component in hydraulic control system, so the analysis of its performance is very important. The piston couple is one of the most important frictional pairs in axial piston motor, this paper studies the forces on the piston couple of swash-plate axial piston motor. It deduces the mathematical model of forces analysis in arbitrary phase of the cylinder, and the forces of a type of axial piston motor are analyzed. And it gives suggestions for structure optimal design of piston couple.
Genetic Algorithm Optimization of a Double Four-Bar Manipulator
Authors: Tang Qi Jing , Zhao Tie Shi
Published: October 2013

In order to optimize the dimension of a manipulator, the optimization requirements are analyzed. Then the mathematical model and optimization objectives are established. Next, the lengths of the manipulator are optimized by Matlab genetic algorithm optimization toolbox. The structural strength and bearing installation space are considered at the same time. The trajectory and transmission angle are compared. Finally, the lengths which meet the use requirements are obtained. This optimization method provides a reference for similar mechanism.
Loading Analysis and Mathematical Calculation for Arc Axis of the Exponential Function
Authors: Xiang Li , Feng Zhu , Qiu Zhai , Zhang Ruo Yin
Published: October 2013

The concept of arch longitudinal beam wharf was brought out in the contemporary shipping industry of China as a result of the conflict between traditional high-piled wharfs and the increasing size of freights. Different alignments of arch axis will lead to different internal force distributions and the most dangerous section. A series of equations for the arch axis are derived through the transformation of the exponential function under a 40-meter-long span. Based on the analysis of equations affected by the combined force of uniform load and concentrated load, it is providing reference for engineers and analysts with the internal force distribution under some commonly used axis and the location of the most dangerous section for the archs.
Two Analytical Models to Determine the Stress Singularities in Elastic-Viscoelastic Joints
Authors: Gu Zhi Xu , Zheng Jian , Peng Wei , Tang Xi Nan
Published: October 2013

The stress singularities are obtained by two methods in elastic-viscoelastic joints, one is extending the corresponding solutions for elastic-elastic joints by using elastic-viscoelastic correspondence principles and the other is replacing the elastic material parameters with viscoelastic ones in Dundurs parameters directly. The difference between the two methods and the validity are discussed.
Half Region Dynamical Slip-Frequency Control of Single-Sided Linear Induction Motor
Authors: Deng Jiang Ming , Chen Te Fang , Tang Jian Xiang
Published: October 2013

Single-sided Linear Induction Motors (SLIMs) have been widely used in various applications for demanding direct motion or wheelless contact, e.g, the maglev transportation, in which SLIMs are employed as the traction component. Due to its special structure, the SLIM will generate attractive force as it generates thrust force. Within limited input power, in order to maximize the thrust force and restrict the attractive force, a half region dynamical slip-frequency(HRDSF) control scheme for SLIM is proposed. If SLIM is operated under acceleration or deceleration operations,slip-frequency is controlled in the high slip-frequency region close to the maximum thrust point in order to obtain the maximum thrust, and if SLIM is operated under coasting operation, slip-frequency is automatically adjusted at large value to generate a particular thrust corresponding to moving resistance, and the attractive force values, meanwhile, are kept at small values. The validity of the proposed method are verified by both simulations and experimental tests.
Structure Design and Kinematic Analysis of Stacking Mechanical Arm of Aluminium Ingot
Authors: Cai Jia Cheng , Wu Hai Tao , Yao Tian Chang , Xu Da Wei
Published: October 2013

In view of the existing problem of the traditional aluminium ingot stacking practices, it was important significance to research and develop a stack-manipulator that includes various functions to do portage and stack. According to the demand of stacking, the motion system of the Stack-manipulator based on four degrees was finished. The kinematics equation of the manipulator was set up using the D-H theory, On this base, Some of the kinematics problems of this stack-manipulator were discussed and these reliable basis were provided for the research of the manipulators dynamics and control and trajectory planning.
Numerical Simulation of Gas-Solid Two-Phase Flow in Air Pre-Cleaner Based on CFD
Authors: Dong Gui Yang , Tan Ye Fa , Li Hong Wei , Zhou Chun Hua , Wang Wei Gang , Hong Xiang
Published: October 2013

Computational grids of the complex internal flow passage in air pre-filter were generated, using the partitioned mixed grids. Based on the method of user-defined functions controlling sliding mesh, a program of defining moving boundary was proposed, and numerical simulation of the rotor movement transient controlled by the flow field of air pre-filter was achieved. Based on the theory of Euler-Lagrange phase flows, stochastic particle trajectory model and cell source method were adopted to calculate the trajectories and concentration distributions of particle phase in air pre-filter.
Structure Design and Simulation of a Pulsar Navigation-Oriented X-Ray Detector
Authors: Liu Lian Sheng , Zhang Jun , Chen Jian Wu , Zuo Fu Chang , Mei Zhi Wu
Published: October 2013

Based on the advantages silicon drift detector (SDD) and avalanche photo diode (APD), a droplet-like avalanche drift diode detector (DADD) is proposed. Firstly, the overall structure of the DADD has been designed considering the parameters of bow-shaped curves, distance of drift ring, extra biased voltage and width of drift ring. Secondly, the surface potential of DADD has been simulated and obtained the relation of dark current of drift ring and voltage drops between different drift rings. In addition, static structure analysis and steady state thermal analysis have been implemented. The simulation results show that, the DADD has a good structure and features with high gain, smaller output capacitance and high photon counting capacity, which is appropriate for the pulsar navigation system.
The Optimization Design of Arm Bracket Structure Topology Based on ANSYS
Authors: Luo Sheng Mei , Niu Zhao Yang , Liu Wei , Luo Fu Fang , Jiang Jun Jun
Published: October 2013

The detail analysis proposal of the cylinder body is put forward for the automatic tool change mechanism of the QYJ-21 type horizontal machining center. It consists of three main aspects. Firstly, the dimensional model of the cylinders arm bracket portion will be created. Secondly, the topology optimization design of the arm bracket is implemented based on ANSYS Workbench. Finally, meeting the stiffness requirements, the optimal topology shape will be established, for it had the lightest weight.
Research on Even-Loading Mechanism of Multi-Planetary Gear Transmission
Authors: Mao Kun Li
Published: October 2013

Multi-planetary gear transmission is usually used in construction equipment, metallurgical machinery and wind-driven generator. Driving mechanism of heavy-duty equipment without even-loading system is badly loading, resulting in great impact force and severe vibration. To study characteristic of power dividing, multi-planetary gear transmission without any even-loading mechanism and that with flexible pin even-loading mechanism were simulated in commercial gear drive design software and dynamics analysis software. The simulation results are shown in this paper and conclusions are drawn useful for design and manufacture of heavy-duty multi-planetary gear transmission.
Study on Failure Trend of L-Type Deflection Machine Structure on Basis of Static Strength Analysis
Authors: Cao Sheng Yong , Sun Ying Shi , Xuan Liang
Published: October 2013

To ensure the safe use of L-type deflection machine for processing and manufacturing railway vehicles. This paper analyzes the use conditions of L-type deflection machine, and makes a contact nonlinear finite element analysis on various typical use conditions. The positions of parts subject to danger can be found out through the results of static strength analysis, which finds out the weaknesses and prejudges the failure trend of parts, and which provides guidance for prejudging the faults in actual production and can prevent occurrence of accidents.
The 3D Solid Model and Finite Element Analysis of Working Device of Loader ZL16H
Authors: Huang Qiu Bo , Cao Dian , Dai Ji Yong
Published: October 2013

In this paper, wheel loaders, for example, the use of Solidworks software loader attachment parts and other parts of the three-dimensional solid modeling, parametric generation components and for assembly; the finite element analysis of the working device, and check the strength.
Research Advances and Characteristics in Transplanting Mechanism of High-Speed Transplanter
Authors: Zhang Kai , Tao Ye , Gao Kuan
Published: October 2013

The working performance of transplanting mechanism in transplanter directly affects the working quality and efficiency, it is the core component of a rice transplanter. In this paper, the mainly form and current development of high-speed transplanting mechanism are introduced, and different kinds of transplanting mechanism ́s characteristics, structure principle and applicability are summarized. Meanwhile, the kinematics and dynamics analysis of all kinds of transplanting mechanism are also stated. Finally, putting forward proposals for the research trend of transplanting mechanism and problems that still need to be solved. On this account, it would provide some ideas to perfect the study of transplanting mechanism and research new machine.
Attitude Stability Analysis of Expendable BathyThermograph
Authors: Liu Jie , Du Li Bin , He Hai Jing , Lei Zhuo
Published: October 2013

In this paper, the hydrodynamic properties of expendable bathy thermograph (XBT) is analyzed and got the changes of lift coefficient and drag coefficient with the attack angles change. We research the pressure field profile outside of XBT with different attack angles and analyze the reasons which can affect the stability of XBT. The research can provide reference for further optimization of the probe structure and stability test of XBT.
A Study of Performance Influence Caused by Mode Interference for Vibratory Cylindrical Gyroscope
Authors: Tao Yi , Xiao Ding Bang , Wang Bao Jun , Sun De Fu , Li Jiang Wei , Zong Lei Qiang
Published: October 2013

The interference mode has a significant bad influence on the performance of the VCG, in order to reduce the interference, the interference modes frequency should be far away from the working frequency of the VCG. In this article, the FEM software ANASYS is used to analyze the vibration mode of the resonator with a PCB base and a steel base, the frequency response of these two kinds resonators are measured, finally, the performance of the gyroscopes are tested. From the testing results we can find, by changing the resonators base from PCB to steel, the interference mode is eliminated, and the zero-bias instability of the gyroscope is improved from 3.37°/h to 0.73°/h.
Optimization of 450mm Wafer Ashing Chamber by Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Cha Younghwan , Kim Myoungsoo , Lee Dahyeouk , Kim Kibo , Yang Seungkook , Park Segeun
Published: October 2013

Ashing is a photoresist-stripping process using oxygen or hydrogen radicals and is one of key process step in the semiconductor manufacturing processes. Uniform and fast stripping is the key factor in ashing. In this study, a computational fluid dynamics simulation was applied to find conditions for uniform molecular flux over the wafer surface and to optimize the ashing chamber geometry. In particular, the distance between the gas inlet baffle and wafer stage in the 450 mm wafer chamber was determined through inductive inference statistics. To improve the reliability of this simulation, the correlations between the calculated molecular flux distribution and the measured ashing rate distribution over 300 mm wafers were sought first. Effects of the distance between the baffle and wafer stage, wafer stage temperature, and gas flow rate on distributions of molecule flux and velocity, temperature and gas molecule density were calculated. The simulation showed that the density distribution over 450 mm wafer surface was more uniform when the distance between gas inlet baffle and wafer stage was between 35 mm and 60 mm, and that the reactant flux distribution was more uniform when the distance was between 60 mm and 80 mm. Therefore, the distance between the gas inlet baffle and wafer stage was chosen to be 60 mm.
System Development of Processing Functional Gradient Material Part by Laser Rapid Prototyping
Authors: Qin Qun , Chen Guang Xia
Published: October 2013

The primary goal of this research is the development of software system about functional gradient material process by laser. The system can be divided into several modules such as STL file loading and viewing, model slicing, filling path planning and process controlling. Path planning of FGM area is one key technology of system development because of one path must contain material information of functional gradient material. The material information planning methods of one-dimension and two-dimension functional gradient material were described respectively in this article. The material information of one-dimension FGM changes by layer along Z-axis, and the material information of two-dimension FGM changes by path in X-Y plane, especially, there is different change direction of FGM between inner loop and outer loop.