bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A retrospective study from a single center to compare outcomes in 79 patients with in-stent restenosis treated with paclitaxel-coated balloon angioplasty or drug-eluting stent implantation
Authors: Ben Abdessalem Mohamed Aymen , Ghariani Anis , Romdhane Ahmed Fekih , Ichrmad Fatma , Ben Ameur Zied , Saoudi Wassim , Bouraoui Hatem , Mahdhaoui Abdallah , Ernez Hajri Samia
Published: January 2023

Background

Despite the recent progress made in drug-eluting stents (DESs), in-stent restenosis (ISR) is still a common complication of percutaneous coronary interventions. This retrospective study from a single center aimed to compare outcomes in 79 patients with ISR treated with paclitaxel-coated balloon (PCB) angioplasty or DES implantation.

Results

From January 2017 to December 2021, 83 ISR lesions from 79 patients were included. Thirty-two were treated with PCB and 51 treated with available DES in the catheterization laboratory. Baseline characteristics were similar in both groups. Mean time between index angioplasty and restenosis was 27 months with a minimum of 4 months and a maximum of 70 months. Concerning Mehran ISR angiographic classification, classes II and III were more likely treated with DES. Stenosis diameter and minimal lumen diameter (MLD) were similar in both groups. PCB used was significantly shorter than DES: Mean length was 19.75 ± 5.7 versus 22.1 ± 16.5 (p < 0.001), respectively. Angiographic results immediately after intervention were similar in both groups: In-segment MLD after the procedure was 2.5 ± 0.4 in the DES group and 2.26 ± 0.55 in the PCB group. A median follow-up of 20 months was achieved for 68 patients, and 11 were lost to follow-up. There was also no difference in both groups regarding free from events survival.

Conclusions

The findings from this study support recent international studies that have shown no significant differences between DES and PCB and in-stent restenosis. This suggests that PCB use is an option to consider in our local daily practice.
Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-based Serum Metabolomics for Early Diagnosis of Refractory Tumor-induced Osteomalacia: A Case-control Study
Authors: Li Xiang , Gong Yiyi , Zhang Qi , Ni Xiaolin , Pang Qianqian , Chi Yue , Jiajue Ruizhi , Cui Lijia , Jiang Xu , Wang Ou , Xing Xiaoping , Jiang Yan , Li Mei , Xia Weibo
Published: January 2023

Context

Nearly 20% patients with tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) experienced recurrence or nonrecovery after surgery. Serum fibroblast growth factor 23 and phosphate concentrations are not sufficient for prognosis in such cases. Despite its importance for understanding of prognosis and underlying pathogenesis, the alteration of systemic metabolism in refractory TIO remains unclear.

Objective

We aimed to find the metabolomic characteristics of refractory TIO and establish a novel predictive model for early discriminating refractory TIO based on their serum metabolomics.

Design and setting

Cross-section study for comparison of metabolomic profile between TIO and normal control and longitudinal study for identifying prognostic model.

Methods

Based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, we analyzed the global metabolomes of preoperative sera from 86 samples (32 TIO recovery patients, 11 nonremission patients, and 43 matched controls). Statistical analyses, pathway enrichment, and receiver operating characteristic analysis were performed to identified and evaluate potential markers.

Results

Sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis indicated a clear separation of metabolomic profiles between healthy controls (HC) and TIO patients. The serum metabolites altered in different prognostic groups. L-pipecolic acid, 2-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, and 2-deoxygalactopyranose were the top 3 metabolites that were significantly perturbed. A combination of L-pipecolic acid and 2-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid demonstrated a high-performance panel for TIO prognosis evaluated by random forest algorithm (area under the curve = 0.921, 95% CI, 0.787-0.995).

Conclusions

We investigate the global metabolomes of refractory TIO and identify potential prognostic biomarkers preliminarily. A high sensitivity and specificity panel were identified as promising discriminating predictors, which need to be verified in more patients. This work may demonstrate novel insights into TIO prognosis and pathogenesis.
Prevalence of Functioning Adrenal Incidentalomas: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Sconfienza Elisa , Tetti Martina , Forestiero Vittorio , Veglio Franco , Mulatero Paolo , Monticone Silvia
Published: January 2023

Context

Adrenal hyperfunction is associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic complications in subjects with adrenal incidentaloma (AI). Reliable prevalence estimates of functioning AIs are important to direct resources allocations.

Objective

To assess the prevalence of autonomous/possible autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS), primary aldosteronism (PA), pheochromocytoma (PHEO), and Cushing syndrome (CS) in patients with AI.

Methods

We performed a comprehensive search of multiple databases (PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Web of Science) for potentially relevant studies without language restriction, up to February 2022. Of the 1661 publications evaluated at title and abstract levels, 161 were examined as full text and 36 were included. Study level clinical data were extracted by 3 independent reviewers.

Results

The overall prevalence of functioning AIs was 27.5% (95% CI 23.0, 32.5). ACS/possible ACS, with a prevalence of 11.7% (95% CI 8.6, 15.7), was the most frequent hormonal alteration, while PA occurred in 4.4% of the patients (95% CI 3.1, 6.2). Subgroup analysis showed that PA was more prevalent in patients from Asia than in patients from Europe/America; in contrast, ACS/possible ACS had a lower prevalence in Asian countries. At meta-regression analysis, the prevalence of ACS/possible ACS was influenced by the proportion of female patients, while the prevalence of PA was positively associated with the proportion of patients with hypertension and the publication year. Finally, PHEO and CS prevalence were 3.8% (95% CI 2.8, 5.0) and 3.1% (95% CI 2.3, 4.3) respectively.

Conclusion

This meta-analysis provides extensive data on the prevalence of functioning AIs and the factors affecting heterogeneity in prevalence estimates.
Evocalcet Rescues Secondary Hyperparathyroidism-driven Cortical Porosity in CKD Male Rats
Authors: Hasegawa Tomoka , Tokunaga Shin , Yamamoto Tomomaya , Sakai Mariko , Hongo Hiromi , Kawata Takehisa , Amizuka Norio
Published: January 2023

To elucidate the effect of evocalcet, a new oral calcimimetic to bone of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) with chronic kidney disease (CKD), the rats were 5/6 nephrectomized and fed on a high-phosphate diet. The treated rats were then divided into vehicle groups and evocalcet administered groups. The rats in the vehicle groups exhibited increased levels of serum PTH and inorganic phosphate (Pi) levels, high bone turnover, and severe cortical porosity, mimicking SHPT (CKD-SHPT rats). The cortical bone of the CKD-SHPT rats showed broad demineralization around the osteocytes, suppression of Phex/small integrin-binding ligand N-linked glycoprotein-mediated mineralization in the periphery of the osteocytic lacunae, and increased levels of osteocytic cell death, all of which were considered as the first steps of cortical porosity. In contrast, evocalcet ameliorated the increased serum PTH levels, the enlarged osteocytic lacunae, and the cortical porosity of the CKD-SHPT rats. Osteocytes of CKD-SHPT rats strongly expressed PTH receptor and Pit1/Pit2, which sense extracellular Pi, indicating that PTH and Pi affected these osteocytes. Cell death of cultured osteocytes increased in a Pi concentration-dependent manner, and PTH administration rapidly elevated Pit1 expression and enhanced osteocytic death, indicating the possibility that the highly concentrated serum PTH and Pi cause severe perilacunar osteolysis and osteocytic cell death. It is likely therefore that evocalcet not only decreases serum PTH but also reduces the exacerbation combined with PTH and Pi to the demineralization of osteocytic lacunae and osteocytic cell death, thereby protecting cortical porosity in CKD-SHPT rats.
Differential Strain-dependent Ovarian and Metabolic Responses in a Mouse Model of PCOS
Authors: Binder April K , Peecher Danielle L , Qvigstad Amanda J , Gutierrez Silvia D , Magaña Jennifer , Banks David B , Korach Kenneth S
Published: January 2023

Several mouse models have been developed to study polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), a leading cause of infertility in women. Treatment of mice with DHT for 90 days causes ovarian and metabolic phenotypes similar to women with PCOS. We used this 90-day DHT treatment paradigm to investigate the variable incidence and heterogeneity in 2 inbred mouse strains, NOD/ShiLtJ and 129S1/SvlmJ. NOD mice naturally develop type 1 diabetes, and recent meta-analysis found increased androgen excess and PCOS in women with type 1 diabetes. The 129S1 mice are commonly used in genetic manipulations. Both NOD and 129S1 DHT-treated mice had early vaginal opening, increased anogenital distance, and altered estrus cycles compared with control animals. Additionally, both NOD and 129S1 mice had reduced numbers of corpora lutea after DHT exposure, whereas NOD mice had decreased numbers of preantral follicles and 129S1 mice had reduced numbers of small antral follicles. NOD mice had increased body weight, decreased white adipocyte size, and improved glucose sensitivity in response to DHT, whereas 129S1 mice had increased body weight and white adipocyte size. NOD mice had increased expression of Adiponectin, Cidea, Srebp1a, and Srebp1b and 129S1 mice had decreased Pparg in the white adipose tissues, whereas both NOD and 129S1 mice had increased expression of Glut4 and Prdm16, suggesting DHT may differentially affect glucose transport, thermogenesis, and lipid storage in white adipose tissue. DHT causes different ovarian and metabolic responses in NOD and 129S1 mice, suggesting that strain differences may allow further elucidation of genetic contributions to PCOS.
Diagnostic Value of IGF-1 in Growth Hormone–Deficient Children: Is a Second Growth Hormone Stimulation Test Necessary?
Authors: Fatani Tarah H
Published: January 2023

Objective

we assessed the diagnostic accuracy of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) 1 measurements with 1 growth hormone stimulation test (GHST) vs performing 2 GHSTs as the standard test to confirm the diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency (GHD) in children.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the baseline characteristics, anthropometric measurements, and laboratory data of 703 children with short stature, aged 4-14 years (mean age, 8.46 ± 2.7 years), who had undergone 2 GHSTs. We compared the diagnostic values of IGF-1 levels by using a cut-off value of ≤0 SD score, along with results of a single clonidine stimulation test (CST). We evaluated the false-positive rate, specificity, likelihood ratio, and area under the curve (AUC) of the 2 diagnostic methods. GHD was diagnosed if the peak growth hormone level was <7 ng/mL on 2 GHSTs.

Results

Of the 724 children, 577 (79.7%) had a low IGF-1 level (mean 104.9 ± 61.4 ng/mL), and 147 (20.3%) had a normal IGF-1 level (mean 145.9 ± 86.9 ng/mL). GHD was diagnosed in 187 patients (25.8%), of whom 146 (25.3%) had a low IGF-1 level. An IGF-1 level reflecting ≤0 SDs in combination with results of a single CST had a specificity of 92.6%, a false-positive rate of 5.5%, and an AUC of 0.6088. Using an IFG-1 cut-off level of ≤−2 SDs did not alter the diagnostic accuracy.

Conclusion

Low IGF-1 values of ≤0 SDs or ≤−2 SDs in combination with results of a single CST had poor diagnostic accuracy for GHD.
Matrix stiffness regulates Notch signaling activity in endothelial cells
Authors: Kretschmer Maibritt , Mamistvalov Rose , Sprinzak David , Vollmar Angelika M. , Zahler Stefan
Published: January 2023

Notch signaling is critical for many developmental and disease-related processes. It is widely accepted that Notch has a mechanotransduction module that regulates receptor cleavage. However, the role of biomechanical properties of the cellular environment in Notch signaling in general is still poorly understood. During angiogenesis, differentiation of endothelial cells into tip and stalk cells is regulated by Notch signaling, and remodeling of the extracellular matrix occurs. We investigated the influence of substrate stiffness on the Notch signaling pathway in endothelial cells. Using stiffness-tuned polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates, we show that activity of the Notch signaling pathway inversely correlates with a physiologically relevant range of substrate stiffness (i.e. increased Notch signaling activity on softer substrates). Trans-endocytosis of the Notch extracellular domain, but not the overall endocytosis, is regulated by substrate stiffness, and integrin cell–matrix connections are both stiffness dependent and influenced by Notch signaling. We conclude that mechanotransduction of Notch activation is modulated by substrate stiffness, highlighting the role of substrate rigidity as an important cue for signaling. This might have implications in pathological situations associated with stiffening of the extracellular matrix, such as tumor growth.
Effects of Aquatic Exercise Training on Physical Performance and Mood States in Male Collegiate Soccer Players
Authors: Michishita Ryoma , Hide Taijiro , Kawakami Shotaro , Kanegawa Yuta , Takayanagi Kohei , Inui Masahiro , Uehara Yoshinari , Higaki Yasuki
Published: January 2023

Introduction/Purpose

This study investigated the effects of aquatic exercise training on the physical performance and mood states of male collegiate soccer players.

Methods

Twenty male collegiate soccer players (age 19.9 ± 0.9 yr) performed aquatic exercise training composed of warm-up exercises, high-intensity interval training, resistance training using tools, and cooldown activities. Training was performed for 30 min·d−1, twice per week for 11 wk. Participants were randomly allocated to the training or control groups (n = 10 each). The participants’ anthropometric measurements, range of motion (ROM), muscle strength, change of direction, endurance performance, and mood states were assessed at baseline and after the 11-wk intervention period.

Results

After the intervention, the ROM of the shoulder and hip joints and the isokinetic and back muscle strength increased in the training group (P < 0.05 each). Significant group–time interaction effects was observed between the two groups in the ROM of the shoulder and hip joints and in isokinetic and back muscle strength (P < 0.05 each). The Profile of Mood States, Second Edition vigor–activity scores increased in the training group (19.3 ± 6.4 to 24.5 ± 5.6 points, P = 0.007), and a significant interaction effect for group–time was observed for vigor–activity between the two groups (P = 0.005).

Conclusions

These results suggest that aquatic exercise training helps improve ROM, muscle strength, and mood in male collegiate soccer players.
The Effect of Early Childhood Education on Adult Criminality: Evidence from the 1960s through 1990s
Authors: Anders John , Barr Andrew C. , Smith Alexander A.
Published: January 2023

We compare the effects of early childhood education on adult criminal behavior across time periods, using administrative crime data that provide significant precision advantages over existing work. We find that improvements in early childhood education led to large (20 percent) reductions in later criminal behavior, reductions that far exceed those implied by estimates of test score gains in prior studies. While the benefits generated account for a large portion of the costs of the education provided, we find substantial relative gains from the targeting of funds to high-poverty areas and areas without existing access to subsidized care. (JEL H75, I21, I26, I28, I32, I38, K42)
Investigation on anxiety and depression of different populations in the area with low incidence of New Coronavirus pneumonia and analysis of related factors
Authors: Niu Yuan , Liu Yincai , Ren Songna
Published: January 2023

Objective: To explore the anxiety and depression status and related factors of different populations in the area with low incidence of New Coronavirus pneumonia.

Methods: The anxiety and depression of 106 residents of different ages, different places of residence and different epidemic situations in Xingtai City, Hebei Province, China were assessed from February 18, 2020 to February 20, 2020. The psychological status of different groups was evaluated by self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), and the questionnaire data were analyzed retrospectively. The general data of all residents were collected, and the factors affecting the mental health status of different populations were studied by multiple linear regression with the scores of depression and anxiety as dependent variables.

Results: The SAS and SDS scores of anxiety and depression were (51.79±12.11) and (57.01±11.40) respectively. The positive rates of anxiety and depression were 38.68% and 47.17%, respectively. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that marital status, close attention to the daily epidemic progress, and having infected and sick relatives and friends were independent risk factors affecting residents’ SAS score (P<0.05). Additionally, marital status, health self-assessment and close attention to the daily epidemic progress every day were independent risk factors affecting residents’ SDS score (P<0.05).

Conclusion: Residents in low-incidence areas are prone to anxiety and depression. Marital status, health self-assessment, paying attention to the progress of the epidemic every day and monitoring the disease progress in relatives and friends are independent risk factors contributing to the anxiety and depression of the residents. Corresponding protective measures should be taken to improve the local epidemic prevention and control level.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.2.7136

How to cite this: Niu Y, Liu Y, Ren S. Investigation on anxiety and depression of different populations in the area with low incidence of New Coronavirus pneumonia and analysis of related factors. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(2):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.2.7136

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Το θέατρο στο Ρέθυμνο τον 20ό αιώνα
Authors: Τζανιδάκη Άννα
Published: January 2023

Η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή ανήκει στο πεδίο της Ιστορίας του Ελληνικού Θεάτρου και ειδικότερα του Θεάτρου στην Επαρχία. Μελετά την δραστηριότητα στην πόλη του Ρεθύμνου σε όλη τη διάρκεια του 20ού αιώνα και την αλληλεπίδρασή της με την τοπική κοινωνία. Καταγράφηκαν και μελετήθηκαν οι περιοδεύοντες θίασοι, ως προς τη συχνότητα επισκέψεων, το ρεπερτόριο και την πρόσληψη. Ξεχωριστά ερευνήθηκε η τοπική θεατρική δράση, οι ερασιτεχνικοί ή επαγγελματικοί θίασοι που δημιουργήθηκαν ανά περιόδους. Μελετήθηκε η σύστασή τους, το ρεπερτόριο και οι στόχοι δράσης τους. Αποτελείται από επτά κεφάλαια. Στα έξι πρώτα τα θεατρικά γεγονότα εξετάζονται ανά χρονικές περιόδους (1900-1922, 1923-1940, 1941-1949, 1950-1960, 1960-1980 και 1980-2000). Κάθε περίοδος είναι χωρισμένη σε τέσσερις βασικές ενότητες: 1. Εισαγωγή, Ιστορικά - Κοινωνικά στοιχεία, 2. Τοπικό Θέατρο, 3. Περιοδεύοντες Θίασοι και 4. Ανταπόκριση Κοινού. Στο έβδομο κεφάλαιο εξετάζονται οι θεατρικοί χώροι καθ' όλη τη διάρκεια του αιώνα, γίνεται συνολική επισκόπηση και ακολουθεί αναλυτική παράθεση και σχολιασμός των στοιχείων του κάθε ενός ξεχωριστά. Η διατριβή συνοδεύεται από παραρτήματα με πίνακες και τεκμήρια από τον Τύπο.
From Stories to Behaviour, the Ebb and Flow of Fears and Panics: Discussion of the Needle-Spiking Epidemic Scares of 2021–2022
Authors: Veronique Campion-Vincent
Published: February 2023

The needle-spiking scares in the UK and France are discussed and contextualized through comparison with former outbreaks linked to social fears. The contradictions of our attitudes towards psychoactive drugs, both coveted and feared, are outlined and lead to an analysis of the scares in a folkloric perspective that centers on the notion of ostensive action.
Alibaba Realizes Millions in Cost Savings Through Integrated Demand Forecasting, Inventory Management, Price Optimization, and Product Recommendations
Authors: Deng Yuming , Zhang Xinhui , Wang Tong , Wang Lin , Zhang Yidong , Wang Xiaoqing , Zhao Su , Qi Yunwei , Yang Guangyao , Peng Xuezheng
Published: January 2023

Alibaba has developed a series of models and algorithms that include deep-learning algorithms for demand forecasting, simulation-optimization-based models for inventory management, price optimization for promotions, and markdown optimization for product recommendations. These models and algorithms have been implemented in its omnichannel retail infrastructure of several retail business subsidiaries over the past three years, and have generated more than 100 million dollars in annual cost reductions in cost and increases in profit.
Advanced Analytics Drives Reengineering of Field Operations for the 2020 U.S. Census
Authors: Adams Tamara , Ferrucci Alessandro , Carvalho Pedro , Em Sothiara , Whitley Benjamin , Cecchi Ryan , Hicks Teresa , Wooten Alexander , Cuffe John , Studds Stephanie , Lustig Irvin , Sashihara Steve
Published: January 2023

The U.S. Census Bureau conducts a census of population and housing every 10 years as mandated in the U.S. Constitution. Following up in person with households that do not respond online, by phone, or by mail, which is known as nonresponse follow-up (NRFU), represents a major component of this effort. For the 2010 Census, the Census Bureau equipped enumerators with paper maps and notebooks filled with questionnaires and required enumerators to go door to door and collect decennial census data. The enumerators met daily with their supervisors to return completed questionnaires and update payroll information. For the 2020 Census, an advanced analytics solution, utilizing machine learning and optimization techniques, drove a reengineering of the entire field operations process, leading to substantially reduced costs and improved productivity. These reengineering efforts included business processes and technology centered around the development of this solution, the MOJO Optimizer, and resulted in an 80% increase in the number of cases completed per hour (from 1.05 to 1.92) and a 27% decrease in the number of miles reimbursed per case (from 5.05 to 3.68) compared with the 2010 Census NRFU. Capitalizing on the massive innovations realized during decennial census operations, the Census Bureau intends to use this technology to revolutionize its over 90 active surveys.
“Vontade de ser útil à minha Pátria, a fazer tinta de escrever”: Antônio Muniz de Souza, os sertões e a Breve notícia da Revolução do Brasil (1820-1822)
Authors: De Jesus Santos Magno Francisco
Published: January 2023

Antônio Muniz de Souza foi um viajante que se deslocou pelos sertões do Brasil ao longo dos primeiros decênios do século XIX. Em suas viagens, o letrado notabilizou-se pelo recolhimento de materiais, que foram doados aos acervos das instituições científicas do Rio de Janeiro. Por essa razão, recebeu a alcunha de “Homem da Natureza”. Além disso, a experiência das viagens foi registrada por meio da publicação de livros, que descortinavam os sertões brasileiros em pleno contexto da independência e da invenção da nação. Neste artigo tenho como escopo a escrita de Antônio Muniz de Souza acerca do processo de independência do Brasil nas capitanias do antigo norte. Para isso, mobilizo como fontes os seus escritos “Breves notícias da Revolução do Brasil”, “Máximas e pensamentos” e “Viagens e observações de Hum brasileiro”, além de fontes de cotejo, como notícias de jornais e biografias atinentes ao viajante. Por meio da análise dessas narrativas é possível vislumbrar a leitura sobre os meandros do processo de independência do país, a partir da atuação de sujeitos que se encontravam nos sertões do antigo norte do Brasil.
A representatividade feminina da Independência do Brasil no acervo da Biblioteca Histórica do Itamaraty no Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Azevedo Anderson Leonardo de
Published: January 2023

No ano em que se comemora o bicentenário da Independência do Brasil torna-se oportuno destacar personagens pouco evidenciadas, resgatando o papel desempenhado pelas mulheres nesse evento, uma vez que a própria literatura pouco se dedicou a elas. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma revisão de literatura acerca das obras pertencentes ao acervo da Biblioteca Histórica do Itamaraty no Rio de Janeiro, que abordam a trajetória das mulheres que participaram do evento da Independência do Brasil em 1822. Identificou-se até o momento no acervo da biblioteca o total de dez obras abordando a atuação de mulheres no processo de Independência do Brasil. As obras, em maioria, são referentes à Imperatriz Leopoldina. Outras mulheres mencionadas são Joanna Angelica, Maria Quitéria e as senhoras baianas e paulistanas, com menor destaque. Percebe-se a ausência de informações sobre outras personalidades femininas envolvidas no referido evento.
Entre Brasil e Portugal: visões do Centenário da Independência
Authors: Alves Jorge Luís dos Santos
Published: January 2023

O artigo analisa a comemoração do Centenário da Independência em 1922 a partir da perspectiva das relações luso-brasileiras. O evento é marcado pela crise do regime republicano oligárquico e aumento das medidas de repressão da mobilização social na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, o centro do poder político. Nesse contexto, vicejam interpretações do simbolismo da data (7 de Setembro) e do significado da Independência por grupos com posições antagônicas sobre a herança colonial portuguesa, sua influência na formação da sociedade brasileira e na construção da nação. Essas interpretações divergentes são examinadas tendo como foco a História da Colonização Portuguesa no Brasil obra discursiva/historiográfica que busca justificar a excepcionalidade do “lugar” dos imigrantes portugueses no Brasil em razão dos vínculos de pertencimento originários do passado colonial.
Lima Barreto: Nação e Raça em pontos de cor
Authors: Negreiros de Figueiredo Carmem Lúcia
Published: January 2023

Pretende-se apresentar os temas nação e raça presentes em textos escolhidos de Afonso Henriques de Lima Barreto (1881-1922). Sem reduzir a obra ao viés biográfico ou ao mero engajamento social, o artigo propõe o estudo das estratégias estéticas escolhidas pelo escritor para alcançar maior densidade e perspectiva crítica. O resultado está na realização estético-literária sofisticada e sutileza na abordagem dos temas. Assim, da crônica aos textos ficcionais o escritor mostra as nuances das representações do nacional, os debates teóricos sobre a ideia de raça como forte componente do discurso nacionalista; os dolorosos efeitos psíquicos do racismo, quer na exposição de seu próprio processo de aquisição da consciência negra, quer por meio das ações de seus personagens, iluminadas por muitos recursos, entre eles, o impressionismo literário.
A cidade de Lima Barreto e o centenário de sua morte: algumas linhas autobiográficas
Authors: Figueiredo Moraes Renata
Published: January 2023

Partindo de 1922 e dos obituários da morte do literato Afonso Henriques de Lima Barreto, o texto propõe a leitura de uma parte da sua obra, considerando o autor um homem negro, morador da capital e dos subúrbios da cidade. Essa leitura é feita em diálogo com uma bibliografia que investigou o Rio de Janeiro, a literatura e os seus romancistas, entre eles o próprio Lima Barreto. Dentre os aspectos abordados nesse texto estão a relação de Lima com a República, os subúrbios, o futebol, o centenário da independência e sua negritude. Pretende-se nesse texto oferecer um caminho de leitura das obras de Lima Barreto para os leitores que pouco o conhecem e para os que há muito não o lê. O centenário de sua morte é uma boa ocasião para homenageá-lo e sua obra deveria ser leitura obrigatória nos cursos de história, ciências sociais, letras e demais disciplina da área de humanas.
Comemorações 2022: memória, historiografia e novas perspectivas
Authors: Vieira Beatriz de Moraes , Stampa Pantoja Filipe
Published: January 2023

Apresentação. Revista Maracanan, Ed. 31 (out.dez. 2022) - PPGH/UERJ.
Hitting reset
Authors: Martin Emilie
Published: January 2023

Emilie Martin gives advice on how to embrace that New Year attitude to the full.
Learning to manage
Authors: Chander Tina
Published: January 2023

Tina Chander navigates the sensitive subject of handling work after losing a loved one.
Making a difference with dentistry
Authors: Brown Clementine Rees
Published: January 2023

Sarah Haslam sits down with Clementine Rees Brown to reflect on the challenges and triumphs of volunteering with Dentaid.
The Long View
Authors: Yermack Larry
Published: January 2023

Transportation must take the lead in this era of technological change
The Road Ahead
Authors: Hunt Don
Published: January 2023

Autonomous vehicle manufacturers and road operators should communicate
Smart Views
Authors: Stone Tom
Published: January 2023

Over the past few years, forward-looking agencies, such as Utah DOT, have revolutionized their asset surveys with lidar. How have they done it? What are the limitations of the technology? And could cheaper, smartphone-based survey methods be about to take over?
Stuck at the Border?
Authors: Wordsworth Saul
Published: January 2023

Are frictionless borders possible? Or will vehicles and passengers always have to negotiate a certain amount of bureaucratic tape? Saul Wordsworth looks at how technology may help traffic flows between nations in the future
Collaborations Between DOTs, OEMs and Silicon Valley are the Future
Authors: Steudle Kirk
Published: January 2023

Collaborations between DOTs, OEMs and Silicon Valley are the future
Robot Farmer
Authors: Mccullough Chris
Published: January 2023

LELY UNVEILS ITS FULLY AUTONOMOUS AND ELECTRIC ‘EXOS’ CONCEPT, WHICH NOT ONLY HARVESTS GRASS - BUT ALSO FEEDS IT TO THE COWS
Dual Requirements
Authors: Rickston Martin
Published: January 2023

AGRICULTURAL AND CONSTRUCTION VEHICLES PLACE DIFFERENT DEMANDS ON THE SAME ENGINE. YANMAR HAS DEVELOPED TWO COMPACT FOUR-CYLINDER DIESELS TO WORK ACROSS A RANGE OF OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS
Absolute Zero
Authors: Roper Jack
Published: January 2023

ONE ALL-ELECTRIC MACHINE IS A STEP TOWARDS LOW NOISE AND ZERO EMISSIONS, BUT IF IT'S SURROUNDED BY DIESEL SUPPORT VEHICLES THE JOB IS ONLY PART DONE. WITH THE LAUNCH OF ITS NEW EXCAVATOR WACKER NEUSON COMPLETES A VEHICLE TEAM THAT CAN DELIVER A FULLY ELECTRIC WORK ZONE
Made to Measure
Authors: Schuhmann D , Merkel M , Harrison DK
Published: January 2023

THE ADVANTAGES OF ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING - AKA 3D PRINTING - HAVE ALREADY BEEN DEMONSTRATED IN SPECIALIST AREAS IN THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY. NOW, AS THIS ACADEMIC PAPER EXPLORES, THE POSSIBILITIES ARE GROWING WITHIN ELECTRIC VEHICLES AND OFF-HIGHWAY MACHINERY
Game Changer
Authors: Smith David
Published: January 2023

NEW HOLLAND'S CROSSOVER HARVESTING COMBINE WITH TWIN ROTOR SEPARATION AND CONVENTIONAL THRESHING TECHNOLOGY PROMISES TO OFFER THE BEST OF BOTH WORLDS
Making The Grade
Authors: Rickatson Martin
Published: January 2023

AFTER FIVE YEARS OF MOTOR GRADER PRODUCTION, CHINESE OEM SDLG HAS LAUNCHED ITS MOST POWERFUL MACHINE OF THIS TYPE YET – THE G9290. THIS FLAGSHIP VEHICLE HEADS UP A NEW HEAVY-DUTY RANGE, CEMENTING CAPABILITIES THAT GO WAY BEYOND REGULAR ROAD BUILDING…
The Future of HMI is Adaptive
Authors: Nixon Deborah
Published: January 2023

A NEW INTERFACE THAT CAN ADAPT TO DIFFERENT OPERATOR SCENARIOS IS THE AIM OF A NEW AND EXCITING JOINT RESEARCH PROJECT
Displaying Quality
Authors: Solecki Rossella
Published: January 2023

BAUSER'S DISPLAYS HAVE BEEN A FEATURE OF INDUSTRIAL VEHICLES FOR DECADES, OFFERING STATE-OF THE ART VISUALISATION AND VALUE FOR MONEY
The Perfect Fit
Authors: Legnani Mirko
Published: January 2023

A FLAT-FACE VALVE SOLUTION FOR SKID-STEER LOADERS WITH QUICK CONNECTION AND DISCONNECTION IS IDEAL FOR A MACHINE DEFINED BY ITS VERSATILITY
Counteracting Counterbalance
Authors: Paranyi Gabriella
Published: January 2023

FIELD TESTS PROVIDE CONCLUSIVE EVIDENCE THAT TWO-STAGE VALVES CAN OVERCOME BOOM OSCILLATION IN TELEHANDLERS
High Voltage High Stakes
Authors: Smith David
Published: January 2023

TO MARK OUR ELECTRIFICATION SPECIAL, INDUSTRY EXPERTS EXPLAIN THE LATEST DEVELOPMENTS IN BATTERY-POWERED MACHINERY, AND PREDICT HOW THE TECHNOLOGY WILL CONTINUE TO EVOLVE AS THE URGENCY TO DECARBONISE INCREASES
Big Trucks Go Electric
Authors: Mccurley Lyndle
Published: January 2023

ENGINEERS AT HYSTER ARE PUSHING THE BOUNDARIES OF LITHIUM-ION BATTERY POWER WITH THEIR LATEST MACHINE RANGE TOPPING OUT AT AN 18 TONNE CAPACITY
Four-channel all-optical wavelength conversion unit based on nonlinear effect of three-section monolithically integrated semiconductor lasers
Authors: Wu Gengze , Zheng Jilin , Pu Tao , Yin Zhi , Zhang Xin , Li Jin , Chen Shilin , Zhao Jiaqi , Liu Juan , Zhang Yunshan , Su Yang , Chen Xiangfei
Published: January 2023

A simple and highly efficient four-channel all-optical wavelength conversion based on four-wave mixing effect of the directly modulated three-section monolithically integrated semiconductor laser is proposed and experimentally investigated. For this wavelength conversion unit, the spacing of the wavelength can be adjusted by tuning the bias current of the lasers and setting it to be 0.4 nm (50 GHz) as a demonstration is this work. A 50 Mbps 16-QAM signal centers at 4–8 GHz is experimentally switched to a targeted path. Up- or downconversion depends on a wavelength-selective switch, and the conversion efficiency can reach up to −2 to 0 dB. This work provides a new technology for photonic radio-frequency switching matrix and contributes to the integrated implementation of satellite transponders.
Experimental impact of power re-optimization in a mesh network
Authors: Yang Xin , Ferrari Alessio , Le Gac Dylan , Charlet Gabriel , Tornatore Massimo , Pointurier Yvan
Published: January 2023

We experimentally observe the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) degradation of previously established services induced by loading new services in a network, and we mitigate this degradation by periodic power re-optimization via two different strategies: (1) a static strategy based on end-of-life parameters and (2) a dynamic strategy based on real-time monitoring to the current state of the network. We use a mesh network testbed of four nodes and five links with commercial equipment only. We observe up to 3.4 dB SNR degradation on the previously established services due to the loading of new services. Then we demonstrate an improvement of up to 3.2 dB in the network margin achieved by applying our proposed power re-optimization strategy.
Coherently averaged dual-comb spectroscopy with a low-noise and high-power free-running gigahertz dual-comb laser
Authors: Phillips C. R. , Willenberg B. , Nussbaum-Lapping A. , Callegari F. , Camenzind S. L. , Pupeikis J. , Keller U.
Published: February 2023

We present a new type of dual optical frequency comb source capable of scaling applications to high measurement speeds while combining high average power, ultra-low noise operation, and a compact setup. Our approach is based on a diode-pumped solid-state laser cavity which includes an intracavity biprism operated at Brewster angle to generate two spatially-separated modes with highly correlated properties. The 15-cm-long cavity uses an Yb:CALGO crystal and a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror as an end mirror to generate more than 3 W average power per comb, below 80 fs pulse duration, a repetition rate of 1.03 GHz, and a continuously tunable repetition rate difference up to 27 kHz. We carefully investigate the coherence properties of the dual-comb by a series of heterodyne measurements, revealing several important features: (1) ultra-low jitter on the uncorrelated part of the timing noise; (2) the radio frequency comb lines of the interferograms are fully resolved in free-running operation; (3) we validate that through a simple measurement of the interferograms we can determine the fluctuations of the phase of all the radio frequency comb lines; (4) this phase information is used in a post-processing routine to perform coherently averaged dual-comb spectroscopy of acetylene (C2H2) over long timescales. Our results represent a powerful and general approach to dual-comb applications by combining low noise and high power operation directly from a highly compact laser oscillator.
Lifetime prediction of encapsulated CdSexS1-x quantum platelets for color conversion in high luminance LED microdisplays
Authors: Quesnel E. , Poncet S. , Altazin S. , Lin Y. P. , D’Amico M.
Published: January 2023

The LED technology is seen today as the most promising approach to manufacture high luminance color microdisplays for augmented reality application. So far, it mostly involves blue micro-LED technology and quantum dots-based layers for green and red color generation by light down-conversion. Despite significant progress, the viability of this technology still raises many questions. Among them, the stability of the color conversion layer under nominal display operating conditions is still an issue which has not been thoroughly addressed yet. This paper provides experimental data on the aging behavior of CdSexS1-x quantum platelets (QP) for blue-to-red conversion, under a wide range of blue irradiation power. A modeling of the photoluminescence (PL) decrease versus aging time is proposed, that enables to reliably predict the lifetime of a color LED microdisplay in real operating conditions. At room temperature, the alumina encapsulated CdSexS1-x QPs exhibit a lifetime (t70) of 35,000 h under operating conditions representative of a microdisplay emitting 100,000 nits white light, in video mode. With an average daily use of 3 hours, it would represent for a microdisplay more than 30 years. In addition, the study highlights that display heating induces a lifetime decrease related to a thermally activated enhancement of the annihilation rate of PL emission centers. As a result, a display operated at 100,000 nits and 45°C would see its lifetime t70 reduced by a factor 4 (∼8 years), which remains acceptable for most micro-display applications.
Spectroscopic measurement of the two-dimensional flame temperature based on a perovskite single photodetector
Authors: Wang Jia , Hao Xiaojian , Pan Baowu , Huang Xiaodong , Sun Haoliang , Pei Pan
Published: February 2023

Existing non-contact flame temperature measuring methods depend on complex, bulky and expensive optical instruments, which make it difficult for portable applications and high-density distributed networking monitoring. Here, we demonstrate a flame temperature imaging method based on a perovskite single photodetector. High-quality perovskite film epitaxy grows on the SiO2/Si substrate to fabricate the photodetector. Duo to the Si/MAPbBr3 heterojunction, the light detection wavelength is extended from 400 nm to 900 nm. Then, a perovskite single photodetector spectrometer has been developed using the deep-learning method for spectroscopic measurement of flame temperature. In the temperature test experiment, the spectral line of doping element K+ has been selected to measure the flame temperature. The photoresponsivity function of the wavelength was learned based on a commercial standard blackbody source. The spectral line of element K+ has been reconstructed using the photocurrents matrix by the regression solving photoresponsivity function. As a validation experiment, the “NUC” pattern is realized by scanning the perovskite single-pixel photodetector. Finally, the flame temperature of adulterated element K+ has been imaged with the error of 5%. It provides a way to develop high precision, portable, low-cost flame temperature imaging technology.
Reducing crosstalk of a multi-plane holographic display by the time-multiplexing stochastic gradient descent
Authors: Wang Zi , Chen Tao , Chen Qiyang , Tu Kefeng , Feng Qibin , Lv Guoqiang , Wang Anting , Ming Hai
Published: February 2023

Multi-plane reconstruction is essential for realizing a holographic three-dimensional (3D) display. One fundamental issue in conventional multi-plane Gerchberg-Saxton (GS) algorithm is the inter-plane crosstalk, mainly caused by the neglect of other planes’ interference in the process of amplitude replacement at each object plane. In this paper, we proposed the time-multiplexing stochastic gradient descent (TM-SGD) optimization algorithm to reduce the multi-plane reconstruction crosstalk. First, the global optimization feature of stochastic gradient descent (SGD) was utilized to reduce the inter-plane crosstalk. However, the crosstalk optimization effect would degrade as the number of object planes increases, due to the imbalance between input and output information. Thus, we further introduced the time-multiplexing strategy into both the iteration and reconstruction process of multi-plane SGD to increase input information. In TM-SGD, multiple sub-holograms are obtained through multi-loop iteration and then sequentially refreshed on spatial light modulator (SLM). The optimization condition between the holograms and the object planes converts from one-to-many to many-to-many, improving the optimization of inter-plane crosstalk. During the persistence of vision, multiple sub-hologram jointly reconstruct the crosstalk-free multi-plane images. Through simulation and experiment, we confirmed that TM-SGD could effectively reduce the inter-plane crosstalk and improve image quality.The proposed TM-SGD-based holographic display has wide applications in tomographic 3D visualization for biology, medical science, and engineering design, which need to reconstruct multiple independent tomographic images without inter-plane crosstalk.
Performance improvement of non-orthogonal multiple access with a 3D constellation and a 2D IFFT modulator
Authors: Chen Shuaidong , Ren Jianxin , Liu Bo , Mao Yaya , Wu Xiangyu , Ullah Rahat , Song Xiumin , Bai Yu , Zhao Jianye , Wan Yibin , Ma Yiming , Xia Wenchao , Wang Feng
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we propose a performance improvement of non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) with a three-dimensional (3D) constellation and a two-dimensional Inverse Fast Fourier Transform IFFT modulator (2D-IFFT) for the passive optical network (PON). Two kinds of 3D constellation mapping are designed for the generation of a three-dimensional NOMA (3D-NOMA) signal. Higher-order 3D modulation signals can be obtained by superimposing signals of different power levels by pair mapping. Successive interference cancellation (SIC) algorithm is implemented at the receiver to remove interference from different users. Compared with the traditional two-dimensional NOMA (2D-NOMA), the proposed 3D-NOMA can increase the minimum Euclidean distance (MED) of constellation points by 15.48%, which enhances the bit error rate (BER) performance of the NOMA. The peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of NOMA can be reduced by 2 dB. A 12.17 Gb/s 3D-NOMA transmission over 25 km single-mode fiber (SMF) is experimentally demonstrated. The results show that at the bit error rate (BER) of 3.8 × 10−3, the sensitivity gain of the high-power signals of the two proposed 3D-NOMA schemes is 0.7 dB and 1 dB compared with that of 2D-NOMA under the condition of the same rate. Low-power level signal also has 0.3 dB and 1 dB performance improvement. Compared with 3D orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (3D-OFDM), the proposed 3D-NOMA scheme could potentially expand the number of users without obvious performance degradation. Due to its good performance, 3D-NOMA is a potential method for future optical access systems.
Rotating topological edge solitons
Authors: Ivanov Sergey K. , Kartashov Yaroslav V.
Published: February 2023

We address the formation of topological edge solitons in rotating Su–Schrieffer–Heeger waveguide arrays. The linear spectrum of the non-rotating topological array is characterized by the presence of a topological gap with two edge states residing in it. Rotation of the array significantly modifies the spectrum and may move these edge states out of the topological gap. Defocusing nonlinearity counteracts this tendency and shifts such modes back into the topological gap, where they acquire the structure of tails typical of topological edge states. We present rich bifurcation structure for rotating topological solitons and show that they can be stable. Rotation of the topologically trivial array, without edge states in its spectrum, also leads to the appearance of localized edge states, but in a trivial semi-infinite gap. Families of rotating edge solitons bifurcating from the trivial linear edge states exist too, and sufficiently strong defocusing nonlinearity can also drive them into the topological gap, qualitatively modifying the structure of their tails.
Opto-mechanical design and performance test of thermal infrared channel field radiometer
Authors: WEI WEI , Li Xin , shi yuanjian , Zhang Yunxiang
Published: February 2023

To meet the needs of the on-orbit radiometric calibration of remote sensors, an thermal infrared channel field radiometer (TICFR) was developed for on-site measurement. The working principle, optical system design and mechanical structure design of the TICFR were established. Radiometric calibration and calibration uncertainty analysis of the TICFR laboratory were performed. The results show that the received radiance of each TICFR channel has a strong linear relationship with the DN response value. TICFR thermal shock resistance and working environment temperature adaptability experiments were performed. The results show that the TICFR displays strong thermal shock resistance and can be applied in working environments from -20°C to 50°C. To verify the accuracy of the TICFR measurement data and the reliability of the instrument, a field comparison experiment of the TICFR and CE312 was performed at the National High-Resolution Remote Sensing Comprehensive Calibration Field. The results show that the surface brightness temperatures measured by the two devices display the same trend. The average brightness temperature deviation measured by the corresponding channels of the two instruments is less than 0.1K, and the standard deviation is less than 0.3 K; these results confirm that the measurement accuracy and stability of the TICFR are similar to those of the CE312. The TICFR has important applications in remote sensing thermal infrared band site calibration.
Long-term temporal evolution of extreme temperature in a warming Earth
Authors: Contzen Justus , Dickhaus Thorsten , Lohmann Gerrit
Published: February 2023

We present a new approach to modeling the future development of extreme temperatures globally and on the time-scale of several centuries by using non-stationary generalized extreme value distributions in combination with logistic functions. The statistical models we propose are applied to annual maxima of daily temperature data from fully coupled climate models spanning the years 1850 through 2300. They enable us to investigate how extremes will change depending on the geographic location not only in terms of the magnitude, but also in terms of the timing of the changes. We find that in general, changes in extremes are stronger and more rapid over land masses than over oceans. In addition, our statistical models allow for changes in the different parameters of the fitted generalized extreme value distributions (a location, a scale and a shape parameter) to take place independently and at varying time periods. Different statistical models are presented and the Bayesian Information Criterion is used for model selection. It turns out that in most regions, changes in mean and variance take place simultaneously while the shape parameter of the distribution is predicted to stay constant. In the Arctic region, however, a different picture emerges: There, climate variability is predicted to increase rather quickly in the second half of the twenty-first century, probably due to the melting of ice, whereas changes in the mean values take longer and come into effect later.