bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neuroethology: A Review of Studies on Combat Behavior in Mice
Authors: Huang I
Published: October 2024

Optogenetics has revolutionized neuroscience, enabling precise control and monitoring of neural circuits. This study focuses on the neural mechanisms underlying combat behaviors in mice, particularly the roles of the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) in freezing, jumping escape, and defensive attack behaviors. The research employed a combination of optogenetic tools, behavioral assays, and high-resolution imaging techniques. Genetically modified mice expressing channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) and halorhodopsin (NpHR) were used. Viral vectors were injected into specific brain regions, and optogenetic stimulation was performed to activate or inhibit neuronal populations. Behavioral responses were documented and analyzed using specialized software, and brain tissues were prepared for histological examination. Activation of VMH neurons increased jumping escape behavior, while inhibition reduced defensive attack behaviors, highlighting the VMH's critical role in these responses. High-resolution video analysis provided detailed metrics on behavior, and histological examination confirmed precise targeting and expression of optogenetic proteins in the brain. The results demonstrated the direct influence of specific neural circuits on combat behaviors. The study elucidated the roles of VMH and associated neural circuits in mediating combat behaviors in mice. Optogenetic techniques provided precise control over neuronal activity, revealing critical insights into the neural mechanisms underlying these behaviors. The findings support the VMH's central role in regulating instinctual defensive actions and offer potential applications for developing therapeutic strategies for anxiety and pain disorders.
ADAR1 and ZBP1 in Breast Cancer: Pathological Mechanism and Therapeutics
Authors: Pan Zhian
Published: October 2024

Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease in which a variety of genetic and environmental factors are involved. Among them, adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 1 (ADAR1) and Z-DNA binding protein 1 (ZBP1) are the factors that have opposite functions in the process of regulating cell viability as well as inflammatory and immunity. Recently, the two factors have been proved to act as a key player in caspase-8-dependent PANotosis and IFN-γ-dependent immunoregulation in the development of most types of cancers.  In this review, we discuss the basic functions of ADAR1 and ZBP1 as well as the interactions between them in regulating innate immune responses in breast cancer therapeutics.
Adoption of Appropriate Agricultural Model for Food Security in Guiping Town, Renshou County, China
Authors: Han Bin
Published: October 2024

This study explores the problems and strategies in modern physical education around the issue of improving students' sports participation. By analyzing factors such as outdated teaching methods, single curriculum design, imperfect evaluation mechanism, insufficient school sports culture atmosphere, and lack of social and family support, the reasons for the low level of students' sports participation are deeply analyzed. The study emphasizes that physical education is not only a means to improve physical fitness, but also an important way to promote students' mental health and cultivate social interaction skills. On this basis, the study proposes specific strategies such as improving teaching methods, optimizing curriculum design, strengthening school sports culture construction, providing diversified sports projects, and family and social support. Through multi-dimensional methods such as gamification teaching, stratified teaching, ability grouping, interest-driven, interdisciplinary integration, and family and community resource sharing, students' participation in sports activities can be effectively improved, thereby improving the effectiveness of physical education. The study pointed out that the purpose of physical education is to help students develop comprehensively in terms of physical fitness, psychological and social abilities through scientific teaching and management, and promote the improvement of their comprehensive quality.
Path of Reforming the Training Mode of Full-time Special Master Graduate Students in the Background of Special Master Enrollment Expansion
Authors: Yao Huishuang
Published: October 2024

Facing the urgent demand of the economy and society for high-level applied talents, vigorously developing professional degree master's degree education and further innovating the cultivation mode of full-time professional degree master's degree students have become important measures to promote the cultivation of high-end applied talents in China. Colleges and universities should further strengthen the exploration and reform of the cultivation mode of full-time professional degree master's degree students, and explore the construction of a new mode of specialized master's degree cultivation with the integration of industry and education by docking with the industrial demand, further updating the enrollment method, clarifying the cultivation goal, reforming the cultivation mode, and upgrading the teachers' level, etc., so as to cultivate more high-level and urgently needed applied talents for the country.
Study on the Application of Intercultural Communication in Apparel Cross-Border E-commerce Livestreaming
Authors: Gao Dan
Published: October 2024

With the rapid growth of global cross-border e-commerce, the apparel industry, as a key sector, has broken traditional marketing boundaries through e-commerce livestreaming and gradually entered the international market. However, due to significant differences in consumer needs and preferences across different cultural backgrounds, intercultural communication skills are crucial in cross-border e-commerce livestreaming. Based on Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory, this paper explores the application of intercultural communication in apparel cross-border e-commerce livestreaming. It analyzes how six cultural dimensions-high-context vs. low-context communication, power distance, individualism vs. collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, masculinity vs. femininity, indulgence vs. restraint-impact livestream communication and provides strategic suggestions for e-commerce livestream hosts to enhance communication in a cross-cultural context.
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN CLINICAL OUTCOMES AMONG STEMI PATIENTS UNDERGOING PRIMARY PCI
Authors: AKBER S , ABDULLAH . , KHAN FR
Published: October 2024

ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a major cause of death worldwide. Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the preferred treatment, restoring coronary blood flow to reduce mortality. However, women often experience worse outcomes after STEMI compared to men. Objective: This study aimed to assess gender differences in clinical outcomes, focusing on in-hospital mortality and heart failure among STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI. Methods: A prospective study was conducted at Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar from January to July 2020. The study included 298 STEMI patients aged 35-70 years who underwent primary PCI. Of these, 154 were females (51.7%) and 144 were males (48.3%). Data on demographics, clinical features, and outcomes were collected. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Version 25. Continuous variables were presented as mean ± standard deviation, and categorical variables as percentages. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to control for confounding factors. Results: Female patients showed a higher rate of heart failure (12.8% vs. 6.1%, p=0.011) and in-hospital mortality (7.0% vs. 3.5%, p=0.020) compared to males. The odds ratio for heart failure in females was 0.389 (95% CI 0.185-0.817), and for mortality, it was 0.310 (95% CI 0.111-0.870). Stent thrombosis rates were similar between genders (1.7% each, p=0.707). Major bleeding was more frequent in females (2.3% vs. 1.4%), though the difference was not significant (p=0.770).Conclusion: This study reveals significant gender disparities in STEMI outcomes after primary PCI, with women at greater risk for heart failure and in-hospital mortality. These findings highlight the need for tailored strategies in STEMI management to improve outcomes for women.
THE ROLE OF SOCIALIZATION IN THE PROCESS OF A CHILD’S PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Melkonyan Sh.
Published: October 2024

Today, rapid changes and transformations are occurring in various settings (e. g. political, economic, cultural, educational, social) that reflect certain requirements for individual development and socialization. This phase of life is characterized by physical, psychological, and social changes, which play a significant role in shaping an individual’s identity and socialization. During this period, adolescents face a range of important challenges related to their social development, self- and peer acceptance, and other aspects. The process of adolescence involves various mechanisms, norms, and standards in different contexts.
The scientific novelty of the article. Various studies have explored and analyzed the process of socialization in children, considering factors such as systems, approaches, and the role of socialization in shaping an individual’s identity during childhood.
The article explores the process of socialization in children, considering factors such as systems, approaches, and the impact of socialization on shaping an individual’s identity during childhood. It delves into aspects related to the social development of young people, examining different perspectives and methodologies.
In the results of socialization, there is a significant role played by the interaction between an individual’s personal development and societal progress. It encompasses the expansion of social relations, the formation of social norms, and the validation of shared values within society. By becoming a proactive agent of socialization, an individual contributes to the advancement and development of social well-being.
SIMPLIFYING IRRATIONAL EXPRESSIONS AND APPLICATION OF THE MAPLE COMPUTER PACKAGE
Authors: Margaryan L. , Sarukhanyan A.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the presentation of one of the main concepts of the school algebra course: “traditional” and “non-traditional” approaches of simplifying irrational expressions, as well as a description of the simplification of irrational expressions using the computer package MAPLE.
The article examines irrational expressions, containing multiple roots of the 2nd degree, and presents both “traditional” approaches of simplifying them, using full quadratic division and formula, and “non-traditional” approach of noting-squaring. Specific examples are considered in order to more clearly describe the application of each of the above approaches, point out their differences, features, advantages and provide clear methodological instructions.
In addition to the above approaches for simplifying irrational expressions, the article also describes the implementation of simplifying irrational expressions using the computer package MAPLE: the simplification of an irrational expression given in the article is also implemented in the MAPLE environment, bringing methodological instructions, as a result of which it becomes possible to instantly simplify an irrational expression.
METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO INTEGRATED AND PROBLEM-BASED TEACHING THE TOPIC “PHOTOSYNTHESIS”
Authors: Adamyan N.
Published: October 2024

This work is devoted to the study of an integrated methodology for teaching the topic of “Photosynthesis”. The topic itself is interdisciplinary. To address it comprehensively, we draw from various natural sciences as well as economic knowledge. Effective teaching requires multifaceted preparation of both the teacher and students, along with the selection of appropriate methods and approaches. The primary teaching principle in the context of methodology explores solutions to challenging issues through diverse approaches. The teacher’s goal is not merely to reproduce existing knowledge mechanically but to stimulate critical thinking and active engagement among students.

The final outcomes for students encompass a multifaceted analysis of the phenomenon, justification of cause-and-effect relationships, understanding structural and functional dependencies, creation of diagrams and illustrations, comparative analysis, drawing conclusions, problem-solving, integration within the subject, interdisciplinary connections, and the organization of knowledge. Emphasis is also placed on developing the ability to formulate unclear questions, integrate existing knowledge, and construct new understanding through various combinations. Simultaneously, this approach fosters the creation of a collaborative environment, cultivates the capacity for self-directed learning, enables students to teach others, and facilitates the articulation and justification of their own opinions. This teaching method is aimed at developing students’ active thinking and logic, which are among the main requirements of modern pedagogy.
EXHIBITION OF THE ARMENIAN EPIC POEM AT THE MUSEUM OF ARMENIAN ETHNOGRAPHY
Authors: Muradyan V.
Published: October 2024

The epic poem ―The Daredevils Sasun‖ is an important part of the
national intangible cultural heritage which deserves exhibiting in the
environment of ethnographic museum as a symbol of national culture, and as
an integral part of the ethnographic museum exhibition. Museums in Armenia
have repeatedly organized exhibitions related to the epic poem and mirrored
issues on poem‘s themes and motifs, but an exhibition of the Armenian epic
poem has not yet been organized. The novelty of the work lies in addressing
the problems of organizing the exhibition complex of the Armenian epic in the
largest ethnographic museum of Armenia. In our country, the issue of
organizing an exhibition of the Armenian epic poem in an ethnographic
museum has not yet been studied, which is the novelty of the work.
The article highlights the methods and principles of organizing an
exhibition, the choice of which is determined by the characteristics of the
exhibition theme. The proposed methods for organizing the exhibition
complex of the Armenian folk epic follow from the goals and objectives set for
the exhibition. The preservation of the objective principle of organizing the
exhibition and the use of museum objects in the organized exhibition are
emphasized. The funds of the Museum of Armenian Ethnography contain
museum objects with themes and motifs of the epic, most of which are
examples of decorative and applied art. The inclusion of these items in the
exhibition of the Armenian folk epic will provide an objective principle for
organizing the exhibition.
Along with the improvement of new technologies, the requirements for
museum exhibitions are also changing. When organizing a demonstration
complex of the Armenian folk epic, moderate use of the latest technological
means will contribute to the disclosure of the topic.
The Armenian folk epic is an integral part of the national intangible
culture, so it is very important to refer to the display of folklore in the
ethnographic museum, which displays the culture created throughout the
history of the people. We sought to emphasize the importance of the
exhibition of the Armenian folk epic in the ethnographic museum for
awakening and preserving the collective memory of the Armenian society.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS’ SELF- EDUCATIONAL VALUE SYSTEM IN THE CONTEXT OF COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE TEACHING
Authors: Gabrielyan A.
Published: October 2024

In today’s dynamic world, traditional formal education often falls short in adequately preparing students for the demands of modern society. While formal learning provides a structured foundation, its controlled nature may lead to gaps in addressing the rapidly evolving aspects of social life. These gaps can be effectively bridged through self-education, offering a more adaptable and flexible approach. Self-education, which emerges and evolves within the formal education system, plays a crucial role in complementing formal learning by fostering necessary skills and abilities aligned with the individual’s value system. Particularly in the realm of foreign language education, self-education thrives within the context of communication, serving as a vital tool for developing linguistic competence. By prioritizing communication as the primary method of foreign language instruction, educators can create an environment rich with opportunities for self-education. This approach enables the cultivation of essential values, abilities, and skills, ultimately enhancing the overall learning experience. In this article, we explore the integration of communication into foreign language education and its profound connection to the development of self-education.
NLP: METHODS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL INFLUENCE ON A PERSON
Authors: Tumasyan K. , Sahakyan K. , Papikyan V.
Published: October 2024

Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) is a set of tools for
psychotherapeutic methods. NLP is a way of establishing a connection
between the individual and his subconscious. The methods of NLP belong to
the highest logical levels of the mind. Such values lie deep within the
consciousness, they are not always clear and accessible to humans. Through
NLP we can influence our thinking. This means that it is possible to control
ourselves. NLP also allows to influence other people. The knowledge of NLP
techniques can give a person unlimited power. These techniques affect both
the individual and the crowd. This method helps people modify and code
behavior, programming, for the purpose of regulating, programming and
reforming behavioral models.
In the article, we have studied the features of implementing NLP metaprograms at the linguistic level of the pre-election slogans of the political
parties of Armenia, revealing the power of influence of these messages.
Effect of growth hormones, seasons and age of cuttings on sprouting and rooting response of three medicinal tree species of Garhwal Himalaya
Authors: Bali R. , Chauhan Dhanpal , Todaria N.
Published: October 2024

Hard wood and juvenile cuttings of Aegle marmelos, Sapindus mukorossi and Terminalia bellirica were tested for their capacity to form roots. Cuttings were treated with different concentrations of auxins (IAA, IBA, NAA and 2, 4-D) in four seasons (spring, summer, rainy and winter). Hard wood cuttings of S. mukorossi rooted only in spring season whereas juvenile cuttings of the same species rooted in three seasons (spring, summer and rainy). Hard wood cuttings of the T. bellirica showed only callus formation in spring season whereas the juvenile cutting of T. bellirica proved callus as well as root formation in the same season. A. marmelos failed either to sprout or root throughout the four seasons. Exogenous application of IAA and IBA induced profuse rooting in S. mukorossi and T. bellirica.
Restoration of shifting cultivation areas through Hedgerow species in eastern Himalaya, India
Authors: Bhatt B. , Laxminarayana K.
Published: October 2024

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of hedgerow species on reclamation of Jhum fallow lands. Survival percentage of various species ranged from 60.0 to 80.0. Pruned biomass yield was recorded highest in Crotalaria tetragona (195.5 q/ha) and lowest in Flemingia macrophylla (47.0 q/ha). The total N, P and K concentrations in the pruned biomass ranged from 3.23-3.86; 0.32-0.81 and 1.26 to 1.67%, respectively. Soil fertility was significantly improved by hedgerow spp. and species like Tephrosia candida, F. macrophylla, C. tetragona, and Indigofera tinctoria have shown greater impact on improving the fertility status of the soil compared to Desmodium rensonii and Cajanus cajan. The results revealed that hedge species could be successfully used for quick nutrient recovery in Jhum fallow/Jhum abandoned areas since trees have long gestation phase.
On the criminal law and criminological characteristics of crimes committed by persons without citizenship of the Russian Federation
Authors: Голоскоков Л.В.
Published: October 2024

В статье исследованы отдельные вопросы уголовно-правовой и криминологической характеристики преступлений, совершаемых лицами без гражданства Российской Федерации. Обращено внимание на то, что проблемы уголовно-правовой характеристики преступлений являются частными проблемами уголовно-правовой науки и практики в ряду общих социальных, управленческих, экономических и прочих проблем, которые следует решать комплексно. Предложено применять комплексный подход к решению региональных проблем на федеральном уровне.

The article examines certain issues of criminal law and criminological characteristics of crimes committed by stateless persons of the Russian Federation. The author draws attention to the fact that the problems of criminal legal characteristics of crimes are particular problems of criminal legal science and practice in a number of general social, managerial, economic and other problems that should be solved comprehensively. It is proposed to apply an integrated approach to solving regional problems at the federal level.
On the legalization of prostitution: the experience of the past in solving the problems of the future
Authors: Кондраткова Н.В.
Published: October 2024

В последние годы периодически поднимается вопрос о необходимости признания прав граждан на предоставление платных услуг сексуального характера, перевода «древнейшей профессии» в разряд законной экономической деятельности. Вместе с тем неотъемлемыми спутниками проституции на всех этапах развития общества были венерические болезни, алкоголь и падение нравов, что обуславливало принятие мер по ее искоренению, сдерживанию или минимизации последствий. Изучение истории противодействия проституции в России позволило автору сделать некоторые умозаключения по вопросу о ее легализации в будущем.

In recent years, the society has periodically raised the issue of the need to recognize the rights of citizens to provide paid sexual services, to transfer the “oldest profession” to the category of legitimate economic activity. At the same time, venereal diseases, alcohol and a decline in morals were integral companions of prostitution at all stages of society's development, which pushed various states to take measures to eradicate it, contain or minimize the consequences. The study of the history of countering prostitution in Russia allowed the author to draw some conclusions on the issue of its legalization in the future.
On the brigade method of implementing operational investigative information
Authors: Харченко С.В. , Ярощенко Г.И.
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматриваются вопросы, касающиеся сущности бригадного метода создания специализированной группы и ее функционирования по осуществлению оперативно-разыскных и иных мероприятий, следственных действий, проводимых для проверки и реализации оперативно-разыскной информации в ходе раскрытия и расследования преступлений. Подчеркивается, что использование такого метода предполагает решение различных задач организационно-управленческого и организационно-тактического характера. Каждая специализированная группа, создаваемая для его применения, представляет собой специфическую систему, которой присущи определенные признаки, дающие в своей совокупности представление о сущности бригадного метода. Рассматриваются особенности комплексного подхода к изучению и использованию оперативно-разыскной информации из уголовного дела и дела оперативного учета. Утверждается, что применение указанного метода в конечном счете направлено на повышение эффективности выявления, пресечения, раскрытия и расследования преступлений, розыска лиц, скрывшихся от органов дознания, следствия и суда, уклоняющихся от уголовного наказания, а также решения многих других задач оперативно-разыскной и уголовно-процессуальной деятельности.

The article discusses issues related to the essence of the brigade method of creating a specialized group and its functioning for the implementation of operational investigative and other measures, investigative actions carried out to verify and implement operational investigative information during the disclosure and investigation of crimes. It is emphasized that the use of such a method involves solving various tasks of an organizational, managerial and tactical nature. Each specialized group created for its application is a specific system, which has certain characteristics that together give an idea of the essence of the brigade method. The article discusses the features of an integrated approach to the study and use of operational investigative information contained in a criminal case and an operational accounting case. It is argued that the use of this method is ultimately aimed at improving the effectiveness of detecting, suppressing, disclosing and investigating crimes, searching for persons who have fled from the bodies of inquiry, investigation and court, evading criminal punishment, as well as solving many other tasks of operational investigative and criminal procedural activities.
Rainfall characteristics under changing climate in Sundergarh district of Odisha
Authors: Singh Manjari , Rath B. S.
Published: October 2024

Most pronounced signal of warming world is the increase in intensity and frequency of extremeevents worldwide. Many researchers have reported the nature of these events in coastal district of Odisha, but forSundergarh district which comes under North-western Plateau Agro-Climatic Zone, it still needed to be studied. Thepresent study was conducted with an objective to study rainfall characteristics - rainfall climatology, rainy days, trend -their deviation and resulting meteorological drought in Sundergarh district of Odisha at block level using 34 years ofdaily rainfall data (1988-2022). IMD classification for rainy days was adopted to determine the frequency of rainy days indifferent categories. SPI was computed using Climpact to determine the occurrence and severity of meteorologicaldrought and identify episodes of dry and wet events during the study period for each block. MK test and Sen’s slopeestimator was used for detecting trend in rainfall (annual and seasonal) and rainy days at 95% significance level. Longterm rainfall analysis reveals that the mean annual rainfall of the district is 1290 ± 314 mm, most of which is receivedduring SW monsoon (86%) followed by post-monsoon (6.2%), pre-monsoon (5.7%) and least during winter (2.1%).Rainfall received in the months of July and August together accounts for more than 50% of the total. Spatial distributionof rainfall indicated that mean annual rainfall varies from 1071 mm (Subdega) to 1578 mm (Bonai). Annually, rainfall isdependable in most of the blocks. However, during pre-monsoon, post-monsoon and winter, CV is very high, so therainfall is not dependable. Bulk of annual rainfall received in the district is contributed by rain events of light to moderatecategory. Direction and magnitude of the trend of rainfall amount and rainy days varies a lot in different blocks. SPI values calculated for the district as a whole shows that frequency of occurrence of these drought events were: mild (34% of months); moderate (7.6% of months); severe (3.3% of months) and extreme (3.2% of months). The present study provides pertinent information on the rainfall climatology and its trend under climate change over the Sundergarh district of Odisha. Finding of the study suggests that there is an urgent need to raise awareness about the climate resilient society, train personnels about sustainable development approaches and highlight the necessity of water harvesting techniques at community level.
Study of Natural Disaster in Manali Valley (Himachal Pradesh), India on 09 July 2023
Authors: Shekhar M. Sudhanshu , Gupta Peeyush , Sharma Vartika , Nag Kritika , Paul Surendra , Saklani Dev Raj , Ramanan V. Venkat , Singh G. P. , Singh Amreek
Published: October 2024

Continuous heavy rainfall in July 2023, particularly from the 7th to the 10th, led to devastating flash floods, cloudbursts, and landslides in Himachal Pradesh, causing extensive damage to infrastructure, properties, and loss of lives. The most severely affected districts were Kullu, Mandi, Sirmaur, Shimla, Solan, and nearby areas. Manali sub-division, located in Himachal Pradesh, spans an altitude range of 1074 to 4017 meters above sea level. The region's climate is shaped by its mountainous terrain, with the Beas Valley's weather influenced by factors like relief, aspect, and altitude. The Pir Panjal Range's windward slopes create a barrier to monsoon winds, resulting in heavy rainfall and cloudbursts in the area. The report from the India Meteorological Department (IMD) in Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, on July 12, 2023, highlighted the active monsoon conditions in the state from July 7th to 10th, exacerbated by a Western Disturbance (WD). This combination led to intense and unprecedented rainfall, causing extensive damage to public and private properties, particularly in hilly regions. The report mentioned that similar disasters have occurred in the past due to heavy rainfall, cloudbursts, and landslides, possibly exacerbated by factors like unscientific construction, climate change, and increased human activities, including tourism. The report emphasized the need for accurate predictions and proactive planning to mitigate such disasters in the future.
Investigating the Long-Term Effects of Anthropogenic Practices on Soil Features
Authors: HOANG V. H. T. , PHAN H. Y. H. , LE T. N.
Published: October 2024

Anthropogenic practices have been increasingly conducted on the rise in addressing the escalatingdemands for socioeconomic development, resulting in significant impacts on land ecosystems. This research seeks toevaluate the influence of anthropogenic activities on soil features in mountainous regions of Vietnam by focusing 84samples collected from 12 locations across Lam River Basin at seven soil profiles (0-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40, 40-60, 60-80 and 80-100 cm).The findings reveal notable differences in soil texture among land use types (LUTs). Forest cover lands (FCLs),showed the least amount of sand content, varying from 29.7% to 37.6%, while unplanted and bare lands (UBLs) had thehighest sand ratios, up to 53.9%. FCLs exhibited lowest bulk density (BD), soil porosity (SP) and soil electricalconductivity (EC) and C:N ratio with respective ranges of 0.93-1.29 g.cm-3, 32.7-36.5%, 0.526-0.743 mS.m-1 and6.74 -8.52, respectively.In contrast, crop cultivation lands (CCLs) demonstrated higher values for BD (1.17-1.25 g/cm3), SP (39.25-43.19%), EC (0.583-0.792 mS.m-1) and C:N ratio (11.27-15.77). UBLs, on the other hand, exhibited even highest valuesup to 1.23-1.36 g.cm-1, 43.19-49.62%, 0.437-0.619 mS.m-1 and 11.68-16.58% and displayed high levels of exchange ironsand soil organic content compared to FCLs. Other factors such as pH varied little in space between the sampled soillocations and along the soil profiles. Overall, the study indicates that anthropogenic practices have impacts on the soilfeatures across the study area.
Prediction of Low-Visibility Events by Integrating the Potential of Persistence and Machine Learning for Aviation Services
Authors: Singh Surendra Pratap , Shankar Anand , Sahana Bikash Chandra
Published: October 2024

Fog typically results in reduced atmospheric visibility. Severely limited visibility has a significant impact on transportation, particularly the operations of aircraft. Precise forecasts of low visibility are essential for aviation services, primarily for the efficient planning of airport activities. Despite the utilization of sophisticated numerical weather prediction (NWP) models, the prediction of fog and limited visibility remains challenging. The intricacy of fog prediction is due to limitations in understanding the micro-scale factors that lead to fog genesis, intensification, persistence, and dissipation. This study investigates the occurrence of fog (surface visibility <1000 m) and dense fog (surface visibility < 200 m) throughout the climatological low-visibility months (November to February) to analyze the persistence of low-visibility events and predict them in the specific conditions of the frog prone Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) regions. A representative station, Jay Prakash Narayan International (JPNI) Airport in Patna, India, has been considered given the availability of instrumental quality datasets. The analysis investigates the long-term and short-term persistence and prediction of the series using a diverse variety of machine learning (ML) algorithms. To conduct a comprehensive analysis over an extended period, detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) is employed to determine the similarities between the time series of large-scale fog and dense fog. A Markov chain model is used to look at the binary time series and figure out how long low-visibility events (like fog and dense fog) last in the short term ( 1-5 hours). Ultimately, we analyze a short-term forecast (Nowcast) with a lead time of one to five hours for instances of low visibility (fog or dense fog). This nowcasting is generated utilizing diverse methodologies, including Markov chain models, persistence analysis, and machine learning (ML) methods. Finally, establish that the most favorable and reliable results in this prediction problem are attained by employing a Mixture of Experts model that integrates persistence-based methods and ML algorithms.
Análise social da aplicação de investimentos públicos em fruticultura
Authors: Sassento Esteves Sócrates Josias , Campos Robério Telmo , Campos Kilmer Coelho , Costa Edward Martins
Published: October 2024

O desenvolvimento rural sustentável faz quase sempre parte da pauta das políticas governamentais em razão dos reduzidos níveis de renda e baixos Índices de Desenvolvimento Humano do meio rural brasileiro, quando comparado com o urbano. Essa problemática é especialmente preocupante no Nordeste, pois a maior parcela da população vive na zona rural. Assim, o governo formula e executa ações para mudar essa realidade, por meio de projetos e programas sociais. Nessa óptica, o objetivo desta pesquisa é realizar a análise social de financiamento concedido pelo Projeto São José III à Cooperativa Agroecológica da Agricultura Familiar do Caminho de Assis (Cooperfam) e seus Fruticultores, localizada no Município de Maranguape, no estado do Ceará.  Como método de análise, utiliza-se a análise social de projetos, por meio de fluxos de caixa projetados para o período de 10 anos e cálculo de indicadores de rentabilidade, comumente usados para testar a viabilidade de projetos, nomeadamente  a Relação Benefício-Custo (RBC),  o Valor Presente Líquido (VPL), a Taxa Interna de Retorno (TIR) e o tempo de retorno do capital (Payback). Conclui-se que o financiamento concedido pelo Projeto São José III gerou retornos positivos do ponto social, para todas as taxas de descontos apresentadas, mostrando ser conveniente dar continuidade às ações políticas de destinação de recursos por meio do referido projeto.
The MAUP and the effect of industrial diversity on Brazilian regional economic stability
Authors: Gerônimo Vinicius  Hiago e Silva , Torres Marcelo de Oliveira
Published: October 2024

The correlation between industrial diversity and regional economic stability is theoretically expected to be positive, suggesting that a region with greater industrial diversification will be less affected by exogenous shocks, resulting in less economic instability. Historically, however, empirical studies have produced mixed results, often finding a lack of significance in the correlation. Among the possible reasons that can lead to such divergence, this study focuses on the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem (MAUP), highlighting the importance of changes in geographic scale on the results due to spatial interference of data. To conduct this study, spatial econometrics and data from the RAIS and Demographic Census are used to collect information from Brazilian municipalities, micro-regions, and meso-regions between 2010 and 2019. The results show spatial influence at all geographic levels, as well as variation in the magnitude, significance and direction of the correlation depending on the scale used, confirming the hypothesis of MAUP in the study. Furthermore, the municipal level was the only one that presented results more consistent with the theory in the Brazilian case.
Penerapan Kearifan Lokal Samosir dalam Mengeksplorasi Bentuk-Bentuk Geometri
Authors: Mailani Elvi , Saragih Doni Irawan , Lubis Fadila Putri , Siregar Nurhasanah Br , Sihombing Sartika Putri Ruth Angel , Simanjuntak Sela
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate how the Batak people in Samosir use their local knowledge to understand geometric shapes. The literature review research method, which is a data collection strategy focused on the evaluation of relevant and current scientific literature related to the research problem, is used in this publication. The data sources in the study came from Google Scholar, Scopus, and SINTA. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively consisting of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of the data analysis show that the way local knowledge is applied to the study of geometric forms shows how Batak culture has used geometric principles in religious ceremonies as well as art and construction. In addition to having a practical and aesthetic purpose, these geometric shapes have a deep philosophical feel that enhances the cultural identity and bond of the community with nature and its ancestors. Through the local wisdom of the Batak people in Samosir, geometric ideas have been successfully identified and applied to various parts of their lives, including traditional house buildings, traditional artifacts, and ulos weaving crafts. Overall, this study shows how the concept of geometry is used organically by Batak local wisdom, which is essential for preserving community peace, fostering cultural identity, and fostering spiritual ties with nature and ancestors.
Predicting and Analyzing Cardiovascular Disease through Ensemble Learning Approaches
Authors: Goad Prashant Maganlal , J Deore Pramod
Published: October 2024

Among the toughest assignments for medical professionals is discovering heart illness indicators as quickly as attainable. Coronary artery disease is an urgent issue and should be treated promptly. The diagnosis of heart illness is complicated by a number of factors affecting health, including high pressure, situated cholesterol levels, inconsistent heartbeat, and several more. Therefore, AI can be helpful in recognising and dealing with ailments at an early stage. This research suggests an ensemble-based method to estimate an individual's risk of heart disease using Deep Learning (DL) and Machine Learning (ML) models. In order to forecast cardiovascular disease, we use six classification methods. A large collection of cardiovascular disease cases that is made open to the world is used to train models. To identify key characteristics related to cardiac illness, we employ Random Forest (RF). The research's results show that the ML ensemble model obtains the highest accuracy of 92.75% in predicting diseases. When compared to conventional machine learning methods like K-nearest neighbor (KNN), Random Forest (RF), and Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLP), the suggested methodology's uniqueness is evaluated by showing a 5.52% increase in efficiency.
Retrospective investigation of non-traumatic small intestine perforations: Our single center 7-year clinical experiences
Authors: Cimen Sebnem , Ucaner Burak , Kamburoglu Ahmet , Lamba Cilga
Published: October 2024

Non-traumatic small intestine perforations (NTSIP) constitute a rare cause of acute surgical pathologies and have a high mortality and morbidity if not treated in time. Since the clinical presentation of the disease is non-specific, there may be delays in its diagnosis. Despite medical improvements, the mortality of NTSIP is still high today. This study aimed to investigate non-traumatic small intestine perforation, an entity that continues to pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for clinicians, through a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent surgery for this condition. Patients, who were operated due to NTSIP in our general surgery clinic between June 2017 and June 2024, were retrospectively examined. Patients under the age of 18 were not included in the study. In addition, cases with colon and/or stomach perforation were excluded from the study. Fifty-nine patients with NTSIP were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was determined as 61.9 ± 18.4 (19–86 years). Male/female ratio was 1.1. The most common causes of perforation were found as non-specific causes (35.6%), tumor (27.1%) and herniation (16.9%), respectively. Mortality rates were 20% in perforations due to herniation, 50% mesenteric ischemia and 62.5% tumors. NTSIP is a condition whose preoperative final diagnosis is difficult, whose surgical treatment selection is still discussed and which is an acute abdomen cause with high mortality and morbidity in case of delayed diagnosis and treatment. It is an important cause of acute abdomen, which should be evaluated with the selection of patient-specific surgical technique and multidisciplinary approach when necessary. As more homogeneous and larger-population studies on the subject are added to the literature, the questions in the minds of clinicians will be answered.
Kurdish Sign Language Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)
Authors: Taher Karim Sarkhel H. , Mahmood Muhammed Latif , Abdulla Siva Sabir , Abdulla Shano Ali
Published: October 2024

The present study examines the obstacles encountered by the deaf population, with a specific emphasis on the increasing significance of sign language in facilitating effective communication. The main mode of communication for deaf persons is Sign Language (SL), which is a visual and expressive method of communicating meaning via facial expressions, hand motions, and body gestures. The objective of this project is to automate the identification of sign language in order to improve accessibility and decrease reliance on interpreters. Specifically, the work focused on constructing an alphabet recognition system for Kurdish Sign Language (KSL). Due to its many intricacies and resemblances to the Arabic script, KSL requires a strong recognition model. The proposed method utilizes Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) with an actual dataset to accurately recognize both numerical values and alphabetic characters in the Korean Sign Language (KSL). Real-time operation allows for rapid recognition of hand gestures and subsequent provision of textual output. The collection comprises 132,000 hand pictures, including 33 alphabetica and (0-9) numeral signs. Significantly, the use of MediaPipe, a method for processing 3D images, greatly improves the efficiency of detection. Multiple methodologies were investigated, and the integration of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), TensorFlow, and MediaPipe resulted in a remarkable accuracy of 99.87% with negligible dropout rates. This study establishes a foundation for enhanced communication and independence for the deaf population, representing a notable advancement in the automation of sign language recognition.
Design and Development of Lightning Detection System Utilizing Slow Atmospheric Electric Field Waveform at Legoland Malaysia
Authors: Ramli Erman , Ahmad Mohd Riduan , Sidik Muhammad Abu Bakar
Published: October 2024

Conventional lightning localization and detection techniques, including Magnetic Direction Finder (MDF), Time of Arrival (TOA), Interferometer (ITF), and Distance of Arrival (DOA), predominantly rely on fast atmospheric electric fields, magnetic fields, and very high frequency (VHF) signals. This paper pioneers a novel approach by delving into the analysis of the slow atmospheric electric field, aiming to develop a waveform analysis utilizing this field to estimate the distance and radius of lightning occurrences at LEGOLAND Malaysia Resort. The newly implemented lightning detection system at LEGOLAND leverages a straightforward and cost-effective setup, incorporating a capacitive antenna, slow and fast atmospheric electric field sensors, and dedicated data analysis software. The system's efficacy and accuracy have undergone a rigorous comparison with LEGOLAND's existing online lightning detection service.  Achieving accurate data necessitates proper grounding and isolation from electrical noise, as signal interference from power lines, towers, or machinery can potentially trigger false signals. This research has contributed detailed documentation on the analysis of slow atmospheric electric field data, encompassing waveform patterns and key characteristics.  This documentation is expected to serve as a valuable resource for future research endeavors and the continuous refinement of lightning detection systems. The comparative evaluation between the novel system and the current online service at LEGOLAND Malaysia Resort has shed light on the efficiency and capabilities of the newly introduced methodology.
AnLibsXAI: Android malware classification using library lists and explainable artificial intelligence with SHAP
Authors: Cam Nguyen Tan
Published: October 2024

In this study, we use various features, including permission lists, API system calls, and library lists, to create a system named AnLibsXAI to classify Android malware. We experimented with six machine learning models such as Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Logistic Regression (LR), Decision Tree (DT), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP). Additionally, this study applies explainable artificial intelligence platforms to assess the importance and impact of features in Android malware classification models. The evaluation results on the CICMalDroid 2020 dataset show that SVM has the highest accuracy, reaching 96%. The findings of this study can be applied to future research related to Android malware classification
Factors Influencing the Supply Chain in the Export-Import Food Market in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Lan Anh , Dang Nam Anh
Published: October 2024

This study examines the key factors affecting supply chains in Vietnam's food export-import market. Using a mixed-methods approach, including expert interviews, focus groups, and a survey of 400 managers from food export-import companies, the research identifies seven critical factors: food quality and safety, traceability, logistics and transportation management, relationships between supply chain members, enterprise factors, ability to meet market demands, and government policies. Quantitative analysis reveals that food quality and safety has the strongest impact, with a standardized regression coefficient of 0.327. The proposed model explains 56.6% of the variance in supply chain performance. Based on these findings, the study recommends strategies for businesses to enhance their supply chain efficiency, including investing in quality control, implementing traceability technologies, optimizing logistics, building sustainable partnerships, strengthening management capabilities, improving market responsiveness, and leveraging government support. The research contributes to both theoretical understanding and practical management of food export-import supply chains in Vietnam.