bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conceptions of Heroic Leadership in Civil Society
Authors:   University of Illinois Chicago, Thorkildsen Theresa
Published: November 2024

While nations face multiple disruptions to civil society, individuals in late adolescence and early adulthood are overlooked for heroic leadership opportunities in some cultures. An underestimation of individuals’ abilities is sometimes fostered by biological definitions of human development that align competence with physical changes in the brain (Blakemore, 2012). Prolonged exposure to such disregard can encourage individuals to restrict the information they notice, fostering distortion in the intentions that support leadership readiness (Pratkanis, 2007). Studies of individuals’ conceptions of how the world operates can improve leadership readiness if such evidence is used to verify that individuals notice essential information. Using this logic to explore undergraduates’ readiness for heroic leadership, a highly diverse sample of individuals in late adolescence and early adulthood shared their understanding of human rights and civil society. These trait-focused conceptions were then compared with dispositional conceptions of heroism to explore variance in undergraduates’ readiness to embrace heroic opportunities.
Citizen or Professional: Exploring Heroic Moral Choice Motivations in Photojournalism
Authors:   Ball State University, Moloney Kevin , Li Tong ,   Ball State University, Smith-Rodden Martin ,   Ball State University
Published: November 2024

Photojournalists make serious and often heroic split-second decisions when covering scenes. One of the dilemmas they might encounter is the choice between humanitarianism, which favors the subject in need, versus professionalism, which focuses on telling the story. This exploratory study aims to understand the moral decision-making situations encountered by professional photojournalists and how they process decisions in these situations. We interviewed nine professional photojournalists and surveyed the moral intensity of the situations they encountered. The results identified three types of situations where photojournalists encounter citizen vs. professional moral dilemmas. We found that most participants situationally prioritized the subject’s needs and emotions in line with postconventional moral development, and preferred to act as concerned citizens rather than exclusively acting as committed professionals.
The Heroine Archetype
Authors:   ielding Graduate University, Nelson Annabelle
Published: November 2024

Theorists and researchers have documented some of the characteristics of heroes which include humility, endurance, courage, vulnerability, perseverance, and the choice to solve societal problems with moral action. These characteristics help a hero complete a journey derived from Campbell’s The Hero with A Thousand Faces. The journey’s cycle begins with a normal state when a call to adventure moves a person to face tests, rely on helpers and transform the self to solve dilemmas. Identifying with a hero as an archetype can activate a psychodynamic and open awareness for insight and emotional strength. Usually, a hero is seen as non-gender specific even though essentially male, as in mankind. Establishing the heroine archetype’s characteristics may expand and give balance to the view of the hero-heroine. Feminist studies indicate that relational knowing could be a heroine’s unique characteristic. Sophia, a heroine archetype of wisdom, supports this characteristic with her quality of interconnection, and adds generativity to the mix. Current research on women’s empowerment affirms the heroine archetype’s strength through relational knowing. The heroine’s cycle of transformation may include navigating the tests of sexism at work and finding self- care amidst societal stereotypes of women as caretakers for others. The heroine archetype’s strengths can help both men and women in achieving balance and power in their lives.
ПРИГОТОВЛЕНИЕ МАКРОПОРИСТОГО ОКСИДА ОЛОВА (IV) ТЕМПЛАТНЫМ МЕТОДОМ ДЛЯ ПРИМЕРЕНИЯ В КАЧЕСТВЕ НОСИТЕЛЯ ЭЛЕКТРОКАТАЛИЗАТОРОВ
Authors: Чикунова Ю.О. , Воробьева Е.Е. , Мосеенков С.И. , Пархомчук Е.В. , Грибов Е.Н. , Шапаренко Н.О. , Козлов Д.В.
Published: November 2024

Оксид олова (IV), благодаря своим полупроводниковым свойствам, находит широкое применение в газовых сенсорах, фото- и электрокатализе, топливных элементах, электролизерах и т. д. В данной работе образцы макропористого SnO2 синтезированы путём пропитки микросфер полистирола (ПС) золями, содержащими SnCl4 и спирт (96% этанол, изопропанол или н-бутанол). После пропитки композиты подвергали сушке и прокаливанию. Эти же образцы после сушки промывали водой для более полного гидролиза с последующим прокаливанием. Полученные образцы SnO2 изучали методами рентгенофазового анализа (РФА), рентгеновской фотоэлектронной спектроскопии (РФЭС), рентгенофлуоресцентного анализа (РФлА), низкотемпературной адсорбции N2 (77K), ртутной порозиметрии и сканирующей электронной микроскопии (СЭМ). Исследовано влияние характера промывки спиртом и водой на пористые характеристики и электропроводность материалов.
Propagation of eigenwaves in plane three-layer media
Authors: Nuriddinov J. Z. , Nuriddinov B. J. , Ochilova Z. Sh.
Published: November 2024

The paper considers the problem of propagation of natural stress waves in a strip that is in contact with an unbounded isotropic viscoelastic medium made of another material. It is assumed that there are no external influences during the propagation of natural waves. In some cases, the physical properties of viscoelastic materials are described by linear hereditary Boltzmann–Voltaire relations with integral differences of heredity kernels. Some of the layers can be elastic. In this case, the heredity kernels describing the rheological properties of the layers are identically zero. A system in which the rheological properties of the layers are identical (the nuclei of heredity of elements are equal to each other) will be called dissipatively homogeneous. In the particular case, when there are no external influences, the propagation of damped waves of the system is considered; — in the presence of external influences — forced. The main problem is the study of the dissipative (damping) properties of the system as a whole, as well as its stress-strain state.
Countably many positive solutions for iterative system of boundary value problems on time scales
Authors: Prasad K. R. , Sravani B. , Sreedhar N.
Published: November 2024

This paper establishes the existence of countably many positive solutions for a second order iterative system of two-point boundary value problems by using Holder’s inequality and Guo–Krasnoselskii’s fixed point theorem for operator on a cone.
Expansions of eigenvalues of a discrete bilaplacian with two-dimensional perturbation
Authors: Rasulov T. Kh. , Khalkhuzhaev A. M. , Pardabaev M. A. , Khayitova Kh. G.
Published: November 2024

In this paper we consider the family of operators μH:= ΔΔ— Vμ,     μ  > 0, that is,  a bilaplacian with  a finite-dimensional perturbation on  a one-dimensional lattice  Z , where Δ  is  a  discrete  Laplacian,  and  Vμ   is  an  operator  of  rank  two.  It  is  proved  that  for  any  μ  > 0 the discrete  spectrum  μH  is  two-element  e1(μ ) < 0 and  e2(μ ) < 0.  We find  convergent  expansions of the eigenvalues ei(μ ), i = 1, 2 in a small neighborhood of zero for small μ  > 0.
Assessment of genetically modified maize DP51291 (application GMFF‐2021‐0071)
Authors:   EFSA Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO), Casacuberta Josep , Barro Francisco , Braeuning Albert , Cubas Pilar , de Maagd Ruud , Epstein Michelle M. , Frenzel Thomas , Gallois Jean‐Luc , Koning Frits , Messéan Antoine , Moreno F. Javier , Nogué Fabien , Savoini Giovanni , Schulman Alan H. , Tebbe Christoph , Veromann Eve , Ardizzone Michele , De Santis Giacomo , Federici Silvia , Fernandez Dumont Antonio , Gennaro Andrea , Gómez Ruiz José Ángel , Goumperis Tilemachos , Grammatikou Paschalina , Kagkli Dafni Maria , Lenzi Paolo , Lewandowska Aleksandra , Martin Camargo Ana , Neri Franco Maria , Piffanelli Pietro , Raffaello Tommaso , Xiftou Kyriaki
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Genetically modified maize DP51291 was developed to confer control against susceptible corn rootworm pests and tolerance to glufosinate‐containing herbicide; these properties were achieved by introducing the ipd072Aa, pmi and mo‐pat expression cassettes. The molecular characterisation data and bioinformatic analyses do not identify issues requiring food/feed safety assessment. None of the identified differences in the agronomic/phenotypic and compositional characteristics tested between maize DP51291 and its conventional counterpart needs further assessment, except for phosphorus in forage and manganese, proline, oleic acid (C18:1) and linoleic acid (C18:2) in grain, which do not raise safety and nutritional concerns. The GMO Panel does not identify safety concerns regarding the toxicity and allergenicity of the IPD072Aa, PAT and PMI proteins as expressed in maize DP51291 and finds no evidence that the genetic modification would change the overall allergenicity of maize DP51291. In the context of this application, the consumption of food and feed from maize DP51291 does not represent a nutritional concern in humans and animals. The GMO Panel concludes that maize DP51291 is as safe as its conventional counterpart and non‐GM maize varieties tested, and no post‐market monitoring of food/feed is considered necessary. In the case of accidental release of viable maize DP51291 grains into the environment, this would not raise environmental safety concerns. The post‐market environmental monitoring plan and reporting intervals are in line with the intended uses of maize DP51291. The GMO Panel concludes that maize DP51291 is as safe as its conventional counterpart and the tested non‐GM maize varieties with respect to potential effects on human and animal health and the environment.
Associação entre comportamentos de movimento 24 horas e ansiedade em crianças após o isolamento social
Authors: Ferreira da Silva Lara Suele , Arruda Alencar Michelly , Correia da Silva Morgana Alves , Ribeiro Bandeira Paulo Felipe
Published: November 2024

Nos últimos anos, o Brasil vem enfrentando os efeitos da COVID-19. A necessidade de isolamento social afetou os comportamentos de movimento 24 horas e o bem-estar psicológico de crianças e adolescentes. O presente trabalho tem como principal objetivo avaliar possíveis associações entre os comportamentos de movimento 24 horas e os níveis de ansiedade em crianças pré-escolares após o isolamento social. A amostra foi composta por 61 crianças de ambos os sexos, com idades entre três e seis anos, matriculadas em escolas públicas. Foram aplicados questionários adaptados para avaliar os comportamentos de movimento 24 horas e ansiedade. Utilizou-se análise descritiva por meio da distribuição de frequência e análise de redes. Verificou-se que as crianças não aderem às recomendações de atividade física tanto durante a semana quanto no final de semana. Os comportamentos de ansiedade com valores mais altos foram "ficar magoado" e "dependência dos pais". Aderir às recomendações de atividade física durante a semana não garante o cumprimento dos demais comportamentos. Um comportamento ansioso tende a influenciar o aumento de outros. As variáveis mais propensas a gerar modificações na rede foram: medo de separação, dependência dos pais, sintomas de medo e ansiedade, e uso de telas durante o fim de semana. Conclui-se que não cumprir as recomendações dos comportamentos de movimento 24 horas pode aumentar os níveis de ansiedade. Sugere-se que mais estudos voltados para essa temática sejam desenvolvidos, considerando que é um tema de grande relevância.
MECHANISMS OF STRUCTURAL FEATURES IN THE CEREBRAL CORTEX IN MODELS OF PREMATURE AGING OF NERVOUS TISSUE AFTER BACTERIAL LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE
Authors: Venediktov A.A. , Kuzmin E.A. , Pokidova K.S. , Oganesyan D.M. , Stepanian A.T. , Boronikhina T.V. , Piavchenko G.A. , Kuznetsov S.L.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Many chemical compounds affect brain neurons differently than other cell populations. This is provided by the protective potential of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). One of the compounds capable of passing through the BBB is bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). It can cause irreversible morphological changes in the neurons of the cerebral cortex. The aim of the work is to study the mechanisms of neuronal damage and death. Material and methods. More than 50 sources for 15 past years were analyzed at PubMed and Elibrary databases. Results. Astrocytes recognize LPS due to toll-like receptors, and glial macrophages are also able to capture areas of the external bacterial membrane with LPS. However, variations in the dose of LPS, the method and frequency of its administration have different effects on the morphology of the cerebral cortex. In particular, it is relevant to study changes similar to those in aging and neurodegenerative processes. Conclusion. The review examines the structural changes of neurons and glia in the use of LPS in adult animals. The authors conclude that repeated systemic administration of non-septic doses of LPS is most suitable for modeling aging-like changes, but it is necessary to develop a standardized model of such administration.
USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR BIOMARKER ANALYSIS IN CLINICAL DIAGNOSTICS
Authors: Seliverstov P.V. , Kutsenko V.P. , Gorelova V.G. , Magomedova Sh.A. , Akhmedov S.R. , Nurmyradov Yu.N.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are becoming crucial in clinical diagnostics due to their ability to process and interpret large volumes of data. The implementation of AI for biomarker analysis opens new opportunities in personalized medicine, offering more accurate and individualized approaches to disease diagnosis and treatment. The relevance of this review stems from the need to systematize recent advances in AI application for biomarker analysis, which is critical for early diagnosis and prediction of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Material and methods. The analysis of peer-reviewed scientific publications and reports from leading research centers over the past five years was conducted. Studies on the application of AI algorithms for analyzing genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic biomarkers were reviewed, including machine learning methods and deep neural networks. Special attention was paid to the integration of multi-marker panels for improving the accuracy of diagnosis and prediction of cardiovascular, digestive, respiratory, endocrine system diseases, as well as oncological and neurodegenerative pathologies. Results. The application of AI has significantly increased the sensitivity and specificity of diagnostics, especially in complex cases requiring analysis of multiple disease parameters. The effectiveness of AI has been demonstrated in early diagnosis of lung, breast, and colorectal cancer, prediction of cardiovascular complications and NCDs progression, including diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer’s disease. AI’s significant contribution to the discovery of new biomarkers, optimization of personalized treatment, and improvement of therapeutic strategies has been noted. Conclusion. The use of AI in biomarker analysis has become a significant breakthrough in medical diagnostics, particularly in oncology, cardiology, and neurodegenerative diseases. The technology allows integration of data about various biomarkers and contributes to creating more accurate models for disease diagnosis and prediction. Further development is associated with technology advancement and overcoming ethical and regulatory barriers, which will expand AI capabilities in clinical practice.
Peptide stimulation effect on organotypic culture development of neuroendocrine tissues
Authors: Chalisova N.I. , Ryzhak G.A.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. One of the actual task of modern biology and medicine. Is the creation of bioregulator preparation, which can stimulate the neuroendocrine system of organism. Purpose of study. Study of effect of polypeptide complex from brain cortex (PPCbc) and from pancreas (PPCp) of calfs on the cellular proliferation in organotypic culture of nerve and endocrine of young and old rats. Methods. The adequate method of organotypic tissue culture of tissue from young and old rats was used for quick biologically activity of peptides screening. Results. The square index (SI) of nerve and endocrine tissues explants were increased statistically reliable, as compared to the control, also in young and old rats, under the polypeptides complexes effect. Conclusion. The data obtained produce the base for working and quick testing of preparations for treatment of patients with pathology in brain cortex and endocrine tissues
ASSESSMENT OF THE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE IN THE PANCREAS AFTER ADMINISTRATION OF N-ACETYL CYSTEINE IN A MODEL OF POST-RADIATION PANCREATITIS
Authors: Demyashkin G.A. , Atyakshin D.A. , Ugurchieva D.I. , Yakimenko V.A. , Vadyukhin M.A. , Koryakin S.N.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Ionizing radiation can lead to radiation damage to healthy pancreatic tissue, with the development of signs of post-radiation pancreatitis. Electron irradiation potentially has the most “sparing” effect on healthy tissue, but data on this are sparse. The search for means to protect healthy tissues from the effects of ionizing radiation remains relevant. Thus, the use of agents with antioxidant properties (N-acetylcysteine) can potentially slow down the development of post-radiation pancreatitis. The aim of the study: assessment of the inflammatory response in the pancreas after administration of N-acetylcysteine in a radiation-induced pancreatitis model. Methods. Wistar rats (n=120) were divided into four groups: I (n=30) – control; II (n=30) – irradiation with electrons in a total irradiation dose of 25 Gy; III (n=30) – pre-irradiation administration of N-acetylcysteine before electron irradiation; IV (n=30) – administration of N-acetylcysteine. Animals were removed from the experiment on the 7th, 30th and 90th days. A morphological assessment of pancreatic fragments and an immunohistochemical study with antibodies to pro- (IL-1, IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines, markers of T-lymphocytes (CD3) and macrophages (CD68) were carried out. Results. At all stages of the experiment, high levels of expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were observed in the electron irradiation group with a slight increase in the number of CD3+ T-lymphocytes and CD68+ macrophages. In the group of pre-radiation administration of N-acetylcysteine, increased levels of immunolabeling were also found when conducting reactions with antibodies to pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, however, by the third month of the experiment, practically no CD3+ and CD68+ immunocompetent cells were noted in this group. Conclusion. Pancreatic local electron irradiation at a total dose of 25 Gy in the early stages leads to the development of a stromal-vascular inflammatory reaction with a capillary-parenchymal block with practically no cellular inflammatory infiltration. At the same time, pre-radiation administration of N-acetylcysteine partially prevents the development of post-radiation pancreatitis.
DESIGN AND BUILD A MICROCONTROLLER BASED DIP COATER TOOL WITH AN AUTOMATIC CALIBRATION SYSTEM
Authors: Rahman Nizar Rizki , Sya’roni Imam , Hartanto Anton , Prasetyono Agus Dwi , Subiantoro Irfan
Published: November 2024

Dip-coating is essential for coating materials evenly, as imperfections like macropores can impact material properties. This project presents a digitally controlled dip-coating tool that manages withdrawal speed, immersion time, and speed via a microcontroller with an automatic calibration system. Employing a stepper motor and mathematical formula approach, the tool achieves high precision by automatically adjusting dipping parameters, with key metrics including resolution-dependent Vl, calibration speed Vpc and calibration targets tpc, and Sc. The system reaches stable calibration at Vms = Vpc. ensuring rapid, accurate calibration and minimizing errors to 0-2% across 20 to 650 steps. Additionally, the tool’s energy-efficient design consumes less power than other dip-coating systems, providing both durability and accuracy.
The Practicality of STEAM Based Augmented Reality (AR) Learning Media for Vocational High School Students in Robotic System Subject
Authors: Alvendri Dio , Risfendra Risfendra , Darni Resmi , Wulansari Rizky Ema
Published: November 2024

This study aims to create and implement STEAM-based Augmented Reality (AR) learning media for the class XI robotics systems curriculum at SMK N 1 West Sumatra. The research follows a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE development model. Participants included class XI students and robotics systems teachers. Data collection methods comprised questionnaires and interviews, with descriptive data analysis employed to assess the validity and practicality of the developed learning media. The findings indicate that the STEAM-based AR learning media is effective. According to media expert validation, the average score was 0.88 (≥ 0.66), categorizing it as valid. Material expert validation yielded an average score of 0.85 (≥ 0.66), also marking it as valid. The practicality assessment showed that teacher responses averaged 90.14%, and student responses averaged 92.03%, both rated as very practical. Consequently, the STEAM-based AR learning media is considered suitable for class XI robotics systems at SMK N 1 West Sumatra, based on the validity and practicality tests
The Impact of the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) Model Assisted by Liveworksheet Media on Critical Thinking Skills of Vocational High School Students
Authors: Defira Rika , Huda Asrul , Anwar Muhammad , Ambyar Ambyar
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the effectiveness of the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model integrated with Liveworksheet media in enhancing the critical thinking skills of vocational high school students. Employing a true experimental design with a pretest- posttest control group approach, the research compared two groups: the experimental group using PjBL with Liveworksheet and the control group receiving conventional instruction. Data collected from pretest and posttest assessments revealed that the experimental group demonstrated a significant improvement in critical thinking skills, with an average posttest score of 81, compared to 64 in the control group. The pretest scores showed no significant differences between the groups, indicating a similar starting point. Post-intervention results were analyzed using statistical tests, confirming the normal distribution and equal variances of data. The hypothesis testing further validated a substantial difference in critical thinking skills, favoring the PjBL model with Liveworksheet media. These results underscore the effectiveness of this innovative teaching approach in fostering critical thinking skills among vocational students
PORNOGRAFIA DA VINGANÇA AO ESTUPRO VIRTUAL
Authors: Loiola Gleydson Siqueira
Published: November 2024

O avanço das tecnologias digitais trouxe facilidade para as interações sociais, mas também favoreceu a prática de crimes virtuais como a pornografia de vingança e o estupro virtual. Nessas situações, fotos e vídeos íntimos são divulgados sem consentimento, causando intensos danos psicológicos e sociais às vítimas, geralmente mulheres, expondo-as a estigmas e julgamentos morais. Para combater esses crimes, é necessário educar a sociedade sobre o respeito à privacidade e o consentimento, fortalecer as leis contra delitos virtuais, oferecer apoio especializado às vítimas e investir em tecnologias que protejam a privacidade online. Além disso, mudanças culturais são essenciais para rejeitar a objetificação das mulheres e promover relações baseadas no respeito e empatia, visando uma sociedade mais segura e igualitária.

Palavras-chave: crimes digitais, privacidade, pornografia de vingança, violência virtual, dignidade sexual, apoio à vítima, respeito, mudança cultural.
Exploring the Impact of Trade Credit and Debt on Systemic Risk in the Presence of Financial Distress and Constraints
Authors: Azam Zafar , Rashid Abdul , Raheman Abdul
Published: November 2024

Based on the extreme value and network contagion theories, this study intends to explore the effects of trade credit, and short/long-term debt on the systemic risk of 205 Pakistani non-financial firms over the period from 2005 to 2021. To evaluate the firms’ systemic contribution and vulnerability, we apply two firm-specific measures, the change in conditional value-at-risk (DCOVAR) and marginal expected shortfall (MES). Our findings reveal a significantly positive impact of trade credit, and short/long-term debt on the systemic contribution and vulnerability of these firms. The findings also indicate that the underlying relationship is significantly moderated by financial distress and financial constraints. Understanding how different forms of debt influence systemic risk can guide policymakers in crafting regulations or interventions to promote a healthier financial environment. Regulators may reevaluate the balance between short/long-term debt usages or develop guidelines for managing trade credit effectively to mitigate systemic risk.
Diversidad y patrones de distribución estacional de mamíferos silvestres medianos y grandes en la cuenca media del arroyo Saladillo, Santa Fe, Argentina
Authors: Alesio Cristian Javier , Paiz Daniel , Rimoldi Pablo
Published: November 2024

En este estudio analizamos los patrones de diversidad de los medianos y grandes mamíferos en los distintos ambientes que conforman la zona media de la cuenca del arroyo Saladillo ubicado en la provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina. En el área de estudio identificamos cuatro ambientes: matriz con alto grado de simplificación, campos de uso agrícola diversificados, parches con relictos de vegetación leñosa y el corredor biológico, representado por el arroyo Saladillo. Con respecto a la mastofauna relevada se obtuvieron 458 registros de presencia y una riqueza específica (S) para la cuenca del arroyo Saladillo en la provincia de Santa Fe de 12 especies de mamíferos silvestres medianos y grandes (2 marsupiales, 1 xenartro, 5 carnívoros, 3 roedores y 1 lagomorfo). Para los parámetros estudiados diversidad, riqueza y abundancia, los resultados demuestran que es en el corredor donde se presentan los mejores valores, seguido por marche y matriz con bajo nivel de simplificación, y el ambiente con los parámetros más bajos fue la matriz con alto grado de simplificación. A modo de conclusión se puede mencionar la importancia de proteger y generar nuevas estrategias para conservar los parches naturales que se han generado en la región, luego de la profunda modificación que ha sufrido, y trabajar en políticas que beneficien aquellos productores que mantienen agroecosistemas diversificados, para así garantizar la protección de la fauna silvestre en el sur de Santa Fe.
Primer registro de Halyomorpha halys (Stål, 1855) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Pentatominae) en Argentina
Authors: Faúndez Eduardo , Carpintero Diego , De Magistris Alberto
Published: November 2024

Se reporta por primera vez la presencia de la chinche marrón marmolada Halyomorpha halys en la Argentina, con ejemplares provenientes de la localidad de 9 de Julio, provincia de Buenos Aires. Se compara a esta especie con especies de Pentatominae de Buenos Aires de aspecto similar. Adicionalmente se mapean todos los registros fotográficos conocidos de esta especie. Ampliamos también la distribución geográfica de Pellaea stictica, especie aquí estudiada por su proximidad taxonómica con H. halys.
Innovative Approaches in Water Decontamination: A Critical Analysis of Biomaterials, Nanocomposites, and Stimuli-Responsive Polymers for Effective Solutions
Authors: Namdeti Rakesh , Gaddala Babu Rao  , Nageswara Rao Lakkimsetty  , Muayad Abdullah Ahmed Qatan  , Doaa Salim Musallam Samhan Al-Kathiri  , Lakhayar Amer Al Amri  , Noor Mohammed Said Qahoor  , Arlene Abuda Joaquin
Published: November 2024

In recent years, smart materials have emerged as a groundbreaking innovation in the field of water filtration, offering sustainable, efficient, and environmentally friendly solutions to address the growing global water crisis. This review explores the latest advancements in the application of smart materials—including biomaterials, nanocomposites, and stimuli-responsive polymers—specifically for water treatment. It examines their effectiveness in detecting and removing various types of pollutants, including organic contaminants, heavy metals, and microbial infections, while adapting to dynamic environmental conditions such as fluctuations in temperature, pH, and pressure. The review highlights the remarkable versatility of these materials, emphasizing their multifunctionality, which allows them to address a wide range of water quality issues with high efficiency and low environmental impact. Moreover, it explores the potential of smart materials to overcome significant challenges in water purification, such as the need for real-time pollutant detection and targeted removal processes. The research also discusses the scalability and future development of these materials, considering their cost-effectiveness and potential for large-scale application. By aligning with the principles of sustainable development, smart materials represent a promising direction for ensuring global water security, offering both innovative solutions for current water pollution issues and long-term benefits for the environment and public health.
Case report: Relaps of Streptococcus suis infection in patient with Meningoencephalitis at Prof. Ngoerah Hospital, Bali
Authors: I Nyoman Kurniawan  , Ni Made Adi Tarini  , Ni Made Susilawathi  , A. A. Ayu Suryapraba  , I Made Agus Hendrayana
Published: November 2024

Background: S. suis is a facultative anaerobic Gram-positive bacterium that causes human infection. It is a primary health problem in the swine industry. Ceftriaxone is a therapeutic option for meningitis besides Ampicillin. Recently, the incidence of resistance to ceftriaxone was reported. The recurrence of S. suis in this patient is thought to be caused by ceftriaxone resistance due to inadequate initial therapy. Case Presentation: A 43-year-old male patient came to the ER with headaches in the head and neck. The patient had a history of meningitis due to S. suis twice before. While in the ER, the patient was given ceftriaxone while awaiting culture results. Blood cultures showed S. suis infection using VITEK 2 COMPACT (Biomeriuex®) and ceftriaxone resistance. The patient was successfully managed with Ampicillin following these culture results, leading to good outcomes. Discussion: S. suis is a gram-positive bacterial pathogen in pigs that can cause severe human infection, including meningitis, septicemia, endocarditis and deafness the most common complications. The patient experienced three relapses due to S. suis. On the third visit, blood culture results identified ceftriaxone-resistant S. suis. The patient's recurrent relapses could be attributed to several factors, including inadequate antibiotic administration, antibiotic resistance, weak immune system, contact with the source of infection and environmental variables, highlighting the complexity and challenges in treating S. suis infection. Conclusion: The use of antibiotics in relapse cases has the potential to cause antibiotic resistance, so it’s necessary to make guidelines for antibiotic therapy in S. suis infection to prevent recurrent infections.
Epilepsy in children and anesthesia
Authors: Maria I Dalamagka
Published: November 2024

Epilepsy, also called seizure disorder, is the most common childhood brain disorder in the United States. The aetiology of epilepsy in children is multifactorial with congenital, metabolic, infective, and problems associated with prematurity being common causes. Nearly 3 million Americans have epilepsy. About 450,000 of them are under 17 years old. About 1 in 200 children (0.5%) have epilepsy, a neurological condition where children have a predisposition to recurrent, unprovoked seizures. There are many different types of epilepsy, especially in infancy, childhood and adolescence. Epilepsy can be thought of in terms of either: the site of seizure origin in the brain (generalised or focal seizures), or the underlying cause. Genetic epilepsies (formerly called idiopathic or primary epilepsies) occur in an otherwise normal person and are due to a genetic predisposition to seizures. Some epilepsies are due to an underlying abnormality of the brain structure or chemistry (formerly called symptomatic or secondary epilepsies). Other epilepsies have no known cause. Epilepsy is commonly diagnosed in children and can be confused with other conditions. An accurate diagnosis is essential. A seizure is an excessive surge of electrical activity in the brain that can cause a variety of symptoms, depending on which parts of the brain are involved. Seizures can be provoked or unprovoked. Provoked seizures, caused by fever in a young child or severe hypoglycemia, are not considered to be forms of epilepsy. Unprovoked seizures have no clear cause but can be related to genetics or brain injury. When a child has two or more unprovoked seizures, epilepsy is often the diagnosis. Despite advances in antiepileptic medication therapy, a significant number of pediatric patients with epilepsy have seizures that are not well controlled. Antiepileptic medications interact with anesthetic agents, and common anesthetics can precipitate or suppress seizure activity. There are important pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between AEDs and drugs commonly used in anaesthesia. These affect both drug efficacy and the risk of seizure activity intraoperatively.
Efficient detection of tomato leaf diseases using optimized Compact Convolutional Transformers (CCT) Model
Authors: Shohoni Mahabub  , Israt Jahan  , Md Nazmul Hasan  , Md Shakil Islam  , Lima Akter  , Md Musfiqur Rahman Foysal  , Md Khaledur Rahman Onik
Published: November 2024

Tomato crops are highly susceptible to various leaf diseases, posing a significant threat to agricultural yield and economic viability. Traditional disease detection methods, reliant on expert visual inspection, are time-intensive, inconsistent, and impractical on a large scale. This study addresses these limitations by developing an optimized Compact Convolutional Transformer (CCT) model tailored to efficiently and accurately classify tomato leaf diseases using image data. Leveraging a dataset of over 30,000 images spanning multiple disease classes and augmented through advanced techniques, we trained and tested the CCT model alongside popular transfer learning architectures, including VGG16, ResNet50, and Vision Transformers (ViTs). Our methodology involved extensive hyperparameter tuning and comparative analysis to maximize model accuracy and robustness. Results demonstrate that the optimized CCT model outperforms competing architectures, achieving an impressive accuracy of 98.87%, significantly higher than baseline models. The analysis further includes learning curves, confusion matrices, and ROC-AUC evaluations, which validate the model's reliability and ability to generalize across diverse image conditions. This work underscores the potential of hybrid transformer models in agriculture, offering a scalable, high-performance solution for the real-time detection of tomato leaf disease. The scalability of our solution makes it adaptable to various agricultural settings, ensuring its forward-thinking nature.
Use of Sliding Scale Insulin: Investigating the use of sliding scale insulin (SSI) in managing hyperglycemia in emergency cases in the hospital, and comparing it with evidence-based approaches like basal-bolus insulin regimens
Authors: Nisar Ahmad khan  , Ijaz Hussain  , Sohail ahmad  , Zeeshan Umar  , Tajala Fayyaz  , Faiz Muhammad  , Nayab Rehman  , Sheheryar Khan  , Urooj Siddiq  , Ambar Siddiq
Published: November 2024

Objective: This clinical audit focuses on identifying and describing the pattern of Sliding Scale Insulin in the management of hyperglycemia in emergencies in Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar. This study matches SSI to EB-BBI to determine which of the two produces more favorable patient outcomes such as glycaemic control, incidence of hypoglycaemia, hospital stay, and mortality. Pre-intervention and post-intervention were audited to determine the best practice to embrace after the cycling accord. Methods: A total of 456 patients who developed hyperglycemia during their admission were part of the audit. A pilot survey during the first audit cycle (from 1 Dec 2023 to 29 Feb 2024) assessed the implementation of SSI versus basal-bolus insulin regimens. After applying the intervention strategies to enhance the use of basal-bolus insulin among the patients a second audit (from March 1 2024 to June 15, 2024) was conducted. Information from patient characteristics such as age, sex, insulin treatment and dose, glycemic control measures, complications, hospitalization length and mortality rate of patients were gathered and analyzed between the two cycles. Results: In the first audit cycle, 68% of patients were managed with SSI to increased risk of hypoglycemia 28% and longer hospital stay of 6.2 days compared to patients with basal bolus insulin who experienced 12% of hypoglycemia and 4.5 days of hospital stay. Interventions were used to decrease the use of SSI down to 45 %; this was accompanied by better results; for instance, incidences of hypoglycaemia were recorded at 19 % while the average length of stay in hospital was 5.4 days. The results in basal-bolus insulin regimens were more favorable, though all compared regimens had similar or slightly reduced mortality rates. Conclusion: The audit showed that basal-bolus insulin management regimens provided better and superior glycemic control and better patient outcomes than SSI in emergency hyperglycemia situations. In the first instance, implementing basal-bolus insulin posed lessons in staff development and had limited sources; nonetheless, the study established enhanced patient safety and shortened length of stay. Specifically, this audit assists to validate basal-bolus regimens as the best approach of treating hyperglycemia in emergencies.
A study on the implementation of eco-friendly design techniques in hospitality space (restaurant)
Authors: Paridhi Singhal
Published: November 2024

Eco-friendly interior design, also known as sustainable design, is a growing trend that prioritizes creating spaces that are both beautiful and environmentally responsible. It involves making conscious choices about materials, finishes, and overall design to minimize the negative impact on the planet. This study explores the implementation of eco-friendly design techniques in hospitality spaces, with a focus on restaurants. As the hospitality industry, particularly restaurants, faces increasing pressure to adopt sustainable practices, this research examines how eco-friendly design can reduce environmental impact while maintaining operational efficiency and aesthetic appeal. Restaurants, known for their high energy consumption and waste production, are ideal candidates for integrating sustainable design elements. The study analyses key eco-friendly design strategies. Sustainable materials, including recycled and locally sourced products, contribute to lowering the carbon footprint of restaurants. By examining case studies of restaurants successfully implementing these practices, the study provides insights into best practices and potential challenges.
Biotechnological and microbiological aspects of development of capsule form for fecal microbiota transplantation
Authors: Alexandra Vadimovna Melikhova  , Elena Nikolaevna Ilina  , Denis Yuryevich Mokhirev  , Yana Dmitrievna Benediktova  , Alexander Vladimirovich Pavlenko  , Veronika Igorevna Polyakova  , Elena Vladimirovna Cherkashina  , Kaytsak Vartanovich Simavonyan  , Ilona Murmanovna Arshba
Published: November 2024

Aim: To evaluate the feasibility of freeze-drying the substance of monkey gut microbiota and the use of serial acid-tolerant capsules for the preparation of a finished form for fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). Materials and Methods: To prepare a liquid substance for fecal microbiota transplantation, monkey feces were homogenised in physiological solution, then centrifuged to obtain the supernatant, which was stabilised by adding 5% sucrose. The obtained suspension was poured into vials and frozen at -80 °C. After that, the substance was dried in Labconco's FreeZone 6 freeze-drying unit, crushed and filled into capsules using a PRESSORE 100 capsule machine. To protect the capsules from the acidic environment of the stomach, tests were carried out using barium sulphate. The capsules were examined radiologically by introducing them into the mouths of the animals and taking radiographs of the gastrointestinal tract in two projections. Molecular genetic studies were carried out according to the methodological instructions for working with nucleic acids. Intestinal suspensions of microbiota were prepared using sterile phosphate buffer. Nucleic acid extraction and PCR were performed using DNA-Sorb-B reagents and the COLONOFLOR-16 kit, with detection on a CFX-96 device. Results: The preparation of capsules for fecal microbiota transplantation requires a dry active substance of the microbiota. The lyophilisation process was carried out at -37°C for 32 hours. DR capsTM ACID-RESISTANT CAPSULES have been used to protect the active microbiota from gastric juice, but initial studies have shown poor protection. To improve protection, a new acid enzyme resistant capsule was developed that preserved the microbiota well in acidic medium and dissolved in alkaline medium. The study of the microbial composition by PCR with fluorescence detection confirmed that the number and composition of microorganisms remained unchanged after freeze-drying, indicating that their activity was preserved. Conclusion: Our own studies have shown that it is possible to freeze-dry the substance of the monkey gut microbiota and produce capsules with enterosolubilised shells suitable for targeted delivery in fecal microbiota transplantation.
Contribution to modeling the kinetics of phosphatase thermal inactivation
Authors: Sobamfou Marius Kambiré  , Adama Niaré  , Georges Stéphane Dembélé  , Akassa Marius Bernard Djako  , Jacques Mankambou Gnanwa  , Mamadou Guy-Richard Koné
Published: November 2024

This article focuses on modeling the kinetics of thermal inactivation of acid phosphatases extracted from breadfruit (Artocarpus communis L). By examining the stability of these enzymes at different temperatures, the study highlights their importance in the plant kingdom for fruit preservation, and in the animal kingdom for medical diagnostics. The study demonstrated that the kinetics of thermal inactivation of acid phosphatases P1A, P1B and P2 are influenced by temperature and the substrate used. Analyses revealed that more complex kinetic models, such as two-step models, offer a better representation of inactivation for certain substrates, notably PPNa and pNPP at specific temperatures. This indicates the formation of partially active enzymes in some cases. Understanding these inactivation mechanisms is crucial for optimizing the use of phosphatases in plant applications, such as fruit preservation, and in medical diagnostic contexts. The results obtained provide a solid basis for future research aimed at improving the stability and efficacy of phosphatases in various fields.
Biological effectiveness of Tebuconazole under three commercial names and Epoxyconazole for control of Karnal Bunt in the field
Authors: Guillermo Fuentes-Dávila  , María Monserrat Torres-Cruz  , Pedro Félix-Valencia  , Ivón Alejandra Rosas-Jáuregui  , Alberto Borbón-Gracia
Published: November 2024

Commercial fungicides Opus, Tacora, Velficur, and Zoll, were evaluated in the field, to determine their biological effectiveness to control karnal bunt (Tilletia indica) of wheat. A completely randomized design was used with four replications. Twenty heads in each replication of experimental line KBSUS were inoculated during the boot stage with an allantoid sporidial suspension (10,000/mL). Commercial rates indicated in the containers of each product were followed. The first application was carried out ten days after inoculation (Zadoks stages 56-58), and the second one ten days later. Inoculated spikes were threshed by hand and the healthy and infected kernels were counted to determine the percentage of infection. Other variables evaluated were a thousand grain weight (g) and grain weight per plot (kg). The biological effectiveness of the products evaluated were Opus 95.1, Tacora 82.5, Velficur 76.1, and Zoll 59.2 %. The untreated inoculated check had a mean of 81.7 % infection. There were statistical differences for the products evaluated for level of infection after arcsin transformation (Tukey, p = 0.05), and the coefficient of variation was 8.30 %. The average a thousand grain weight per treatment was 38.3, 38.7, 38.6, and 39.2 g, for Opus, Tacora, Velficur, and Zoll, respectively, and 35.7 g for the untreated inoculated check, while the average grain weight per plot was 0.396 kg, 0.388, 0.371, and 0.375, respectively, and 0.291 for the untreated inoculated check. No phytotoxic effects of treatments applied to the wheat plant were observed.
The contribution of yoga to children with mental health disabilities: A scoping review
Authors: Pantelitsa Eracleous  , Pantelis Perdikaris  , Argiris Ntinopoulos  , Ioannis Koutelekos
Published: November 2024

Background: Children with mental health difficulties often experience challenges in motor and physical skills, stress, anxiety and emotional difficulties. Yoga can help these children in engaging in social environments providing physical and motor improvements, emotional regulation, cognitive and behavioural control. Aim: Yoga is an approach that can help children with any occupational challenges and diagnosis. The aim of this scoping review is to explore the contribution of yoga for children with mental health disabilities, to inspire healthcare professionals to determine whether to promote yoga as a beneficial intervention for children with special needs and highlight a beneficial outcome in implementing yoga that can help the parents, caregivers and the children to fulfill their needs. Methodology: A scoping review of the existing literature was conducted based on databases such as AMED, CINAHL, Academic Search Complete and Google scholar. The studies focusing on the contribution of yoga for children with mental health disabilities were selected by taking into account the inclusion and exclusion criteria, as well as the use of PRISMA guidelines. Results: The review of the literature retrieved 11 studies for a time period from 2005 to 2024. The studies reviewed provide convincing evidence that yoga is an accessible and effective intervention for populations that have physical, emotional and cognitive difficulties. Significant improvements were highlighted in motor skills, emotional regulation, cognitive and behavioural control. It is also underlined that yoga can be an essential part of therapeutic programs for children with intellectual disabilities. However, the variety in physical outcomes, specifically for children with cerebral palsy that have physical challenges, highlights the need for additional supporting interventions. Conclusions: The 11 articles reviewed had generally showed that yoga is an effective intervention for children with mental health difficulties. The combination of physical movements, mindfulness and breathing are perfectly suited for multidimensional challenges for children with mental health disabilities. Yoga’s effectiveness in a diversity of populations for children with autism, ADHD, children with psychiatric issues show that yoga can be acceptable and has a broad potential as therapy for these children.