bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of rare earth elements in the coals of the Shubarkol deposit
Authors:   Karaganda Technical University, Amangeldykyzy A. , Kopobaуeva A. ,   Karaganda Technical University, Askarova N. ,   Karaganda Technical University, Ozhigin D. ,   Karaganda Technical University, Portnov V. ,   Karaganda Technical University
Published: October 2021

The work studies mineralogical and geochemical features of the Jurassic coals of the Shubarkol deposit. The samples were examined using the method of scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX) Hitachi S-3400N, which was carried out at the Uranium Geology Research and Development Center at the Department of Geoecology and Geochemistry of TPU. Coal geochemistry was studied by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) at the nuclear geochemical laboratory of the Department of Geoecology and Geochemistry of National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University (TPU). The choice of this object of study was determined by the tasks of research including the study of the patterns of accumulation of abnormal concentrations of REE, the effect of various factors of the geological environment on the levels of their accumulation in coals, as well as the conditions of its concentration and forms of occurrence in coals to expand the mineral resource base of Kazakhstan for rare earth elements. According to the results of scanning microscopic analysis, aluminosilicates, sulfides and sulfates with inclusions of microparticles of rare and rare earth elements were found in the composition of the Shubarkol deposit coals. According to the INNA results, abnormal concentrations of Sc, Ta, Nb, Hf, Zr, Ba, Sr, Ce and REE were found. Weathering processes led mainly to the loss and redistribution of REE in the coal seams of the Shubarkol deposit, which in turn led to increasing the content of rare earth elements from the bottom up the section. As a result of the action of multiple processes, increased concentrations of rare earth metals, mainly of the yttrium group, were formed. The absence of negative europium anomaly was determined, which confirms the original rocks composition peculiarity. The maximum contents of rare-earth metals are confined to weathered coals; for the medium-heavy group (Nd, PM, Sm, Eu), they are almost a hundredfold higher than the clarke in the upper continental crust. The tenfold excess of the clarke for elements from Gd to Lu was found in clayey sandstones and siltstones; for the rest of the rocks of the deposit the excess over the clarke is significantly lower. It was found that the coals of the deposit belong to the H-type and L-type of REE distribution. During the formation of oxidized H-type coals, clayey matter of terrigenous ash predominated as a carrier of REE, while unoxidized L-type coals were formed with the introduction of REE into the coal accumulation basin mainly in the composition of clay minerals and LREE-phosphates. Here the main source of REE was apparently the weathering crust over acidic rocks.
Specific features of uranyl ions extraction by interpolymer system based on polyacrylic acid and polyethyleneimine hydrogels
Authors:   ", Utesheva A. ,   Kazakh-British Technical University",   Joint Stock Company, Juozas V. ,   Kaunas University of Technology
Published: October 2021

Uranyl ions sorption of by interpolymer system consisting of polyacrylic acid hydrogel (hPAA) and polyethyleneimine hydrogel (hPEI) has been studied. Rate of uranyl ions extraction by the initial polymers and interpolymer system hPAA-hPEI, polymeric chain binding rate and dynamic exchange capacity of initial polymers and interpolymer system hPAA-hPEI were calculated. Based on obtained outcomes it was found that area of maximum rate of uranyl ions extraction is within the ratios of 67%hPAA:33%hPEI and 33%hPAA:67%hPEI. Maximum uranyl ions extraction rate after 48 hours of hydrogels remote interaction was 90.0 %, when polymeric chain binding rate was 9.1 % and dynamic exchange capacity was 1.14 mmol/g. Rate of uranyl ions extraction by the initial polymer hydrogels 100 % hPAA and 100 % hPEI was 68.0 % and 52.0%. Obtained outcomes showed changes of initial polymeric hydrogels sorption properties in intergel system leading to functional groups obtaining higher reactive ability, which makes it possible to use them for further development of highly efficient uranyl ions extraction sorption technology.
Study of the mechanism of pre-burned ash leaching by hydrochloric acid
Authors:   Satbayev University, Dosmukhamedov N. , Zholdasbay E. ,   Satbayev University, Daruesh G. ,   Satbayev University, Argyn A. ,   Satbayev University, Kurmanseitov M. ,   Satbayev University
Published: October 2021

The use of hydrochloric acid for processing aluminum-containing raw materials has a number of advantages over other acids, which include: easy decomposition of aluminum compounds with the transfer of aluminum into solution; low solubility of silica in HCl, the possibility of complete separation of the solid residue without significant losses of acid, etc. The paper considers the possibility of using the method for processing ash and slag dumps accumulated in large volumes in the country. Based on the thermodynamic analysis of reactions of interaction between ash components and hydrochloric acid, the behavior of aluminum, iron and nonferrous metal compounds during leaching is studied. It was shown that the preliminary roasting of ash with calcium chloride provides a high extraction of aluminum in the solution from the cinder. Based on experimental studies, the influence of time, temperature and acid consumption on the degree of aluminum extraction into the solution has been established. At optimal conditions of leaching conducted at S:L = 1:3, T = 60 ºC, τ = 60 min extraction of aluminum in a solution as chloride amounted to 99.92 %. At the same time the extraction of silica in solid sediment due to the maximum transfer of impurities in the solution was 99.8 %. The mechanism of the leaching process is proposed. The values of activation energy and the order of the reaction, indicating the complex 3-step character of the reactions, have been calculated. It is established that the limiting stage during leaching is the dissolution of anorthite.
Modification of microstructure of LD slag for recovery of hybrid flux material
Authors:   Academcy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Dilip M. , Rajendra К.R. ,   Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
Published: October 2021

The Basic Oxygen Furnace steel making process produces BOF slag (LD slag) at a rate of about 125 kg/t. The LD slag contains about 18% Fe in wustite and dicalcium ferrite and about 45% CaO. These minerals are an excellent source of alternative flux material for the steel industry. Through slag modification and in-depth characterization studies, investigations were carried out to develop a material that could be utilized as an alternative flux material. Detailed characterization studies were conducted using SEM-EPMA and XRD to identify the changes in the crystal structure, phase distribution, grain size and liberation size of minerals. The grain size of phases was found to be between 10-150 ­­­­­µm for normally cooled slag and 20-250 µm for slowly cooled slag. It was also shown that slow cooling promotes the formation of an additional phase which is essentially the dicalcium silicate phase (C2S) with some amounts of FeO and MgO in the crystal lattice. Overall, it was observed that about 50% of the LD slag could be recovered as alternative flux material containing approximately 30% CaO and 30% Fe content. This alternative flux material is an excellent source of material for use in steel industries because of its low melting slag formation.
Репутація Польщі в громадській думці країн Європи на початку ХХІ ст. у дослідженнях Інституту Публічних Справ
Authors: Неприцький Олександр , Донай Лукаш , Романов Олег
Published: October 2021

Relevance of the topic of the research is determined by the necessity to systemize the works on the study of the reputation of the Republic of Poland during the period of transformation finalization and negotiations on accession to the European Union, which will allow to use them in the future both for the scientific and research work as well as for the application of best practices of national branding in Ukraine. The aim of the article is to study the content and value of the studies of the Institute of Public Affairs dedicated to the topic of reputation of Poland in the countries of Europe at the beginning of the 21st century. Methodology of the research is based on the combination of general (analysis, synthesis, generalization) and specific (historical-genetic, historical-typological, historical-systemic, sociocultural) scientific methods with the principals of historicism, systematicity, scientificity and verification. The Institute of Public Affairs was one of the leading analytical centers of the Republic of Poland. The studies, conducted by the Institute, have shown what reputation Poland and the Polish had in the public opinion of the countries of Europe during the phase of active negotiations on the country’s accession to the EU. The IPA’s experts analysed the information about Poland provided by the European media. The researchers provided extensive empirical data as well as the analysis of the theoretical aspect of reputation formation and illustrated the functioning and shift of historical stereotypes. Conclusions. According to the results of the studies of the Institute of Public Affairs, at the very beginning of the 21st century the country had a reputation during the negotiations on the accession to the European Union, which was caused by negative stereotypes. This situation could have been rectified (and in the end, it was rectified), as the historical stereotypes are slowly eliminated, however, they are being changed under the influence of contemporary reality. Mass media play a significant role in this process, being the mirror of public mood and an instrument for shaping it. At the same time, a positive image of Poland was formed in the public opinion of Ukraine, however, Ukraine itself had a bad reputation among the population of Poland, which should have served as an implication for the representatives of the Ukrainian governing elites to take the necessary similar steps.
India in Twenty First Century: Human Wildlife Conflicts Still Unsolved
Authors: Nautiyal Sunil
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT Although India’s succeeded in creation of 868 Protected Areas (PA) covering its 5.02 percent of the total geographical area; it comes with a social cost. With high population pressure and livelihood based on nature and natural resources, India is yet to find a pragmatic win-win solution for solving the problem of Human-Wildlife Conflict (HWC) in the twenty-first century. In the present paper, the authors discuss the nature of HWCs occurring in the country and major challenges in mitigation measures by analyzing the research trend, available literature sources, reports and with a special focus on two case studies from India, that is, Manas landscape and Indian Sundarbans based on field observations. The paper identifies there is a severe requirement of proper and authentic databases and standard methodology to evaluate the ‘ecosystem (dis)-services’ in the academic discourse. The authors also highlight their reservations about the effectiveness of ‘compensation’ as a mitigation measure.
Do singular ao singular: finitude, trans-historicidade e compreensão em Sartre
Authors: Prates Marcelo
Published: October 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar na filosofia de Sartre a relação entre as subjetividades a partir da noção de compreensão. Diferenciando conhecimento de compreensão, Sartre propõe que pela compreensão seja possível apreender a subjetividade sem torná-la um saber objetivo. Embora aponte isso em vários de seus estudos é na conferência sobre Kierkegaard que tal tese se torna mais manifesta. Neste artigo procuramos demonstrar que essa tese modifica toda uma percepção sobre a liberdade, de modo que ela enquanto singularidade possui uma dimensão trans-histórica, ao mesmo passo em que só pode ser tomada, em sua finitude própria, pela compreensão. Tal tese não contraria as da ontologia, mas, justamente, legitima nela o Ser como finitude. Por fim, a liberdade não é denotada como um saber objetivo, mas como um convite à compreensão de nós mesmos.
Os caminhos da tolerância
Authors: Sarmento Jorge Alberto Ramos
Published: October 2021

O presente trabalho, elaborado a partir de um caráter teórico, bibliográfico e documental, tem por objetivo desenvolver algumas abordagens teóricas a respeito do conceito de tolerância de um ponto de vista filosófico, ao longo de um contexto histórico que se inicia no pensamento de John Locke, na Idade Moderna, no âmbito das guerras religiosas, quando tal conceito adquire um caráter mais rigoroso e crítico, indo até a contemporaneidade, período em que a tolerância passa a adquirir um papel de destaque para a compreensão dos sistemas políticos e das sociedades marcadas por um elevado grau de complexidade e pluralismo. Autores como Stuart Mill, Bobbio, Adorno e Habermas, entre outros, apresentam contribuições significativas a partir de suas reflexões e questionamentos para os estudos dessa temática assim como para o enfrentamento das patologias que afligem a contemporaneidade. Mais recentemente, o fato de a tolerância ter se transformado em consenso e marco normativo, através da elaboração e aprovação da Declaração Mundial dos Princípios da Tolerância, no ano de 1995, pela ONU, reflete a importância e o papel central que a tolerância exerce hoje na busca da paz e na construção de um mundo mais justo e humano.
Dissonâncias e ressonâncias da filosofia kantiana sobre a filosofia de Maine de Biran
Authors: Oliveira André Renato
Published: October 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é questionar a legitimidade da intervenção determinante da filosofia de Kant sobre a filosofia de Maine de Biran. Sustentaremos, nesta pesquisa, que o biranismo não é uma espécie de kantismo e que as oposições do filósofo francês ao filósofo alemão são mais contundentes do que as aparentes compatibilidades entre elas. Para comprovar essa proposição, demonstraremos que as teses biranianas são essencialmente biranianas, contestando as palavras de Lachelier de que “Maine de Biran é o nosso Kant”, e, também, que Maine de Biran nunca foi um kantiano em stricto sensu, seguindo uma via oposta à do filósofo alemão, distanciando-se de sua filosofia e de qualquer influência determinante de Kant.
Sobre a atualidade e pertinência das críticas de Nietzsche à educação de seu tempo
Authors: Sousa José Elielton
Published: October 2021

O presente texto visa demonstrar a atualidade e a pertinência da crítica de Nietzsche à educação do seu tempo, especialmente aquelas feitas no texto Sobre o futuro dos nossos estabelecimentos de ensino, perante as finalidades e objetivos da educação brasileira, especialmente da educação básica em nível médio, descritos na Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (LDB) e na Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC).
Ética e solidariedade: uma lição da pandemia
Authors: Santana Juliana , Moser Alvino , Martins José Lauro
Published: October 2021

O artigo examina uma possível ética para o cenário atual, a fim de aproximar os seres humanos e despertar neles um sentimento de solidariedade. Para tal exame, a princípio, questiona teorias como o utilitarismo revisto por Rawls. Busca um critério válido para todos os participantes de um certo universalismo ou para um “nós” real e não excludente. Propõe o apelo à solidariedade como uma forma de unir as pessoas, oposta ao egoísmo. Depois, defende a solidariedade, conforme Richard Rorty. Este filósofo afirma a necessidade de um acordo entre os membros da sociedade, pois só assim haveria um verdadeiro “nós”. A seguir, observa a questão de como tornar as pessoas mais solidárias, mas sem recorrer à perspectiva metafísica tradicional acerca da humanidade: aposta na existência de características partilhadas que levam à igualdade democrática, porém respeitando as diferenças de cada um. Questiona ainda o que levaria os mais ricos a se solidarizarem com os mais pobres, observando propostas feitas por Rorty acerca da sensibilização, da apresentação do risco de pobreza aos ricos e de um apelo ao sentimento de humanidade. Por fim, considera o igualitarismo rortyano, segundo o qual a solidariedade está além da racionalidade. Ela seria historicamente constituída e embasada na relação com o outro, no sentimento comum de vulnerabilidade, crucial à sociedade em tempos de pandemia.
Refik Fersan’ın Bestecilik Yönü ve Arazbarbuselik Saz Semaisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: ABİDİN Selahaddin , BÜYÜKÖZTEKİR Cabbar Sami
Published: October 2021

Bu çalışmada Refik Fersan’ın daha önce incelenmemiş olan Arazbarbuselik Saz Semaisi’nin makam analizi yapılmaktadır. Bu eserin seçilmesinin sebepleri, bu eserin tambur için yazılmış en zor eserlerden biri olması, Türk Müziği ile Batı Müziğinin sentezini yapan önemli eserlerden bir tanesi olarak kabul edilmesi ve eserin normal saz semaisi formlarının dışında olması olarak sıralanabilir. Bu çalışma ile Türk Müziği’nde önemli bir yere sahip bestekar ve tambur üstadı Refik Fersan’ın önemli bir eserinin incelemesinin Türk Müziği literatürüne kazandırılması amaçlanmaktadır. Makam analizi yapmak için eser ölçü ölçü çözümlenmek sureti ile ele alınmaktadır. Ayrıca bestekarın yaşadığı döneme ait bilgi verebilmek için kaynak tarama yönteminden faydalanılmıştır. Refik Fersan’ın üstadı olduğu tambur, gelenekte ağırbaşlı çalınan bir enstrüman olmasına rağmen, Tamburi Cemil Bey ile daha dinamik bir çalım şekli almış, öğrencisi olan Refik Fersan da çalışmada incelenen eseriyle tamburu, sazın sınırlarını zorlayan bir noktaya taşımıştır. Eserde, çok az kullanılan bir makam olan Arazbarbuselik makamının bestekar tarafından çok iyi bir şekilde işlenmesi, günümüzdeki sanatçılara ve icracılara makamların daha iyi anlatılması ve az kullanılan makamların kullanımının özendirilmesi açısından bir örnek oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada nitel bir araştırma yöntemi olarak Refik Fersan’ın eserinin Ferhat Devecioğlu tarafından notaya alınmış şekli kullanılmıştır.
The Relationship between Presentation of Artworks of Various Dimensions and Architectural Design in The Scope of The Development of Exhibition Design
Authors: ÇETİN Cansın İlayda
Published: October 2021

The display has been used from the very beginning to display objects. Exhibition design is a combination of display and contemporary visual communication design. With the development of the exhibition concept and the increase in interdisciplinary cooperation, communication is established by including the space itself in the design. Today, the exhibited products are no longer exhibited, the exhibition itself has become a work of art and the exhibition design has begun to be designed consciously. This change causes you to question what art is and what design is. Within the scope of this research, a descriptive study was conducted to improve the interior design performance in the context of the space requirements of the exhibition space. As a method, in the first stage, an international literature review was conducted using the keyword "exhibition design". In the next step, based on the data obtained, it has been tried to reveal how experience and interaction in exhibition design can produce original results, with examples limited to photography studies and metal/glass works to evaluate works in various dimensions. Thanks to this research, comparisons were made to improve the design performance of the exhibition space, which designers can use as input in the design process. Reproduction of such works will greatly improve the artist's performance in exhibition design and ensure the up-to-date continuity of knowledge and experience sharing in future designs.
Psychological Features of Police Officers’ Conflict Behavior: Gender Aspect
Authors: Platkovska O. V.
Published: October 2021

To date, there are no scientifically sound recommendations for resolving conflicts in law enforcement activity, there are no methods for resolving conflicts, and there are no means for managing the conflict behavior of police officers taking into account the gender aspect.

The purpose of the work is to conduct a comprehensive study of psychological characteristics of conflict behavior of police officers taking into account the gender aspect. Theoretical and empirical methods were used in the work. According to the results of conducted theoretical analysis the author has noted the psychological and moral preconditions for conflict prevention with the participation of police officers taking into account the gender aspect.

According to the method of “Personal Aggression and Conflict” the highest rates in the first group (police officers – women) were obtained on the scale of “conflict”. The lowest rates among women are on the scale of “negative aggression”. The highest rates in the second group (police officers – men) – were on the scales of “conflict” and “positive aggression”. The lowest rates were on the “negative aggression” scale.

The highest rate on the scale of “adaptation” according to the method of “Diagnosis of Style of Behavior in Conflicts” (K. Thomas) is both among women and men. Women and men according to the “rivalry” scale have a low rate.

The highest rate for women according to the method of “Diagnosis of Conflict Resolution Strategies" was on the “adaptation” scale. The highest rate among men was the scale of “cooperation”. Prevention rates among women are low. Men have the lowest rate on the “competition” scale.

Analyzing the results of the study of the style of behavior of police officers in conflict situations within the gender aspect, it was found out that the higher the tendency to avoid conflict, the less are manifestations of styles of rivalry, cooperation and adaptation. At the same time, as the length of service increases, the tendency to adaptive style of behavior in conflict situations increases, which may be associated with manifestations of professional deformation and burnout; strategies of compromise and avoidance in conflict situations are in the lead.
National Police of Ukraine as a Party to a Police Service Contract
Authors: Vereitin S. V.
Published: October 2021

Scientific approaches to determining the legal status of the employer in labor relations have been studied considered. The author has studied the norms of the Law of Ukraine “On the National Police”, which determine the identity of the employer and his authority to enter into a police service contract.

It has been noted that the state is the employer in labor legal relations of police officers. However, employer powers in accordance with Part 1 of the Art. 63 of the Law of Ukraine “On the National Police” are delegated from the state to the National Police of Ukraine. Employer powers are directly exercised by the head of the police agency granting the right to accept and dismiss from the police. This person, on the one hand, is a representative of the employer, on the other hand – an employee.

It has been stated that the Law of Ukraine “On the National Police”, defining the identity of the employer in the labor legal relations of police officers, did not enshrine the labor rights and responsibilities of the National Police of Ukraine as an employer. It is recommended to clearly define the list of labor rights and responsibilities of the National Police of Ukraine as an employer in the Law of Ukraine “On the National Police”. The following groups of labor rights of the National Police of Ukraine should be envisaged: 1) the right to select on the position of a police officer; 2) the right to accept, transfer and dismiss from the police; 3) the right to demand from the police officer to perform his / her functional duties; 4) the right to organize and manage the service; 5) the right to apply incentives; 6) the right to compensation ин police officers for the damage caused to the property of the police agency as a result of the violation of their functional duties by police officers. It is also necessary to consolidate the following groups of labor responsibilities of the National Police of Ukraine: 1) ещ provide the police щаашсук with work that meets the job descriptions and functional responsibilities of the relevant position; 2) ещ create appropriate service conditions necessary for the performance of functional duties; 3) to ensure proper rest of police officerі; 4) to provide timely financial support to police officerі and in the full extent; 5) to provide social protection for police officers; 6) to ensure the protection of the life and health of police officers, the life and health of family members, as well as their property.
Propuestas para la innovación en los sistemas agroproductivos y el desarrollo sostenible del valle interandino en Carchi, Ecuador
Authors: Franco Wilfredo
Published: October 2021

Carchi, provincia andina al Norte del Ecuador, posicionada en el Valle Interandino entre la doble cordillera de Los Andes ecuatorianos, ha fundamentado su desarrollo social y económico en la explotación, prácticamente sin medida, del recurso Suelo, originalmente de extraordinaria productividad por su origen volcánico. El sector agropecuario ha sufrido transformaciones significativos desde la primera mitad del siglo XX en función de impulsos sociales (crecimiento demográfico), políticos (reformas agrarias de 1965 y 1973 y leyes agrícolas) y económicos (infraestructura, créditos, paquetes tecnológicos, nuevas industrias y mercados); cambiando sus patrones de producción cada tres o cuatro décadas mientras se expandía la superficie agropecuaria. Desde reciente data, en Carchi se ha impulsado la agroindustrialización, pero la provincia debe enfrentar ahora el dilema de la  sostenibilidad de su desarrollo agropecuario, en riesgo por procesos de degradación de sus suelos y recursos hídricos. Urge emprender la vía de la innovación en los sistemas agroproductivos para detener la degradación ambiental y mantener la senda del crecimiento económico y bienestar social. La UPEC, la recientemente creada primera institución universitaria de Carchi, hace esfuerzos por contribuir con RRHH y tecnologías para impulsar la base de sostenibilidad del desarrollo social y económico. El autor analiza la situación del sector agrícola desde sus orígenes y causas, y propone estrategias y acciones para orientar la inversión en innovación de los sistemas agroproductivos para una agricultura menos dependiente de agroquímicos y menos degradante de los suelos, y, por ende, de mayor sostenibilidad. Plantea la Agroforestería, la Biotecnología y la Microbiología como herramientas clave en la investigación y desarrollo; y la fusión de disciplinas de las ciencias sociales y las ciencias naturales para la formación de RRHH especializados para el desarrollo en Los Andes. Adicionalmente, propone la creación de una red de pequeños reservorios de agua por encima de la cota de contaminación regional de las aguas (entre 2.800 y 3.200 m de altitud), complementada con sistemas de riego ahorradores de agua y una eficiente infraestructura de tratamiento de aguas servidas. Considera que estas medidas podrían ser factor clave para enfrentar los retos del desarrollo humano y del calentamiento global en la región alto-andina del Carchi, en las próximas décadas.
Efectos de la sustitución total y parcial de sacarosa por oligosacáridos extraidos a partir de jícama en la elaboración de productos de panadería
Authors: Mina Jorge , Rivas Carlos , Torres Freddy
Published: October 2021

De acuerdo a las características de calidad sensorial, se analizaron los parámetros de color, dulzor, sabor, textura y producto en cada uno de los productos desarrollados. En la torta de naranja los resultados de color fueron T1 (33%) con 4.37% y T0 (0%) con 4.33%, siendo los de alta aceptación, en el parámetro de dulzor los mejores tratamientos son T2 (66%) y T0 (0%), en sabor los mejores fueron T0 (0%) y T1 (33%), en cuanto a su textura y producto el que mejor  aceptabilidad obtuvo fue el T0 (0%). Para el pan integral se determinó que no existe una diferencia estadística significativa entre todos los tratamientos. En la torta de chocolate, se arrojó como resultado que no existen diferencias significativas en todos los parámetros evaluados como son color, dulzor, sabor, textura y producto. En el parámetro pan blanco el color no hubo diferencia estadística significativa, para el caso de dulzor, sabor, textura y producto el mejor tratamiento evaluado fue T2 (66%). Los resultados del parámetro ponkey se obtuvo los siguientes resultados, en color, dulzor y textura con una aceptabilidad importante los T0 (0%) y T1 (33%), en sabor el T2 (66%) y en producto el mejor fue T0 (0%). En galletas se determinó que en los parámetros color, dulzor, sabor y producto los mejores tratamientos aceptados fueron T0 (0%), T1 (33%) y T3 (100%), en textura fue T0 (0%).
aproximación a la conceptualización de un centro de formación comunitaria en agroecología para comunidades rurales. Caso Palmarote, Edo. Carabobo
Authors: Aranguren Jesús , Hernández Hernández Rosa Mary , Mendoza Carlos
Published: October 2021

Cada vez es más importante la incorporación del conocimiento relevante, en base a la praxis y las vivencias de las comunidades agrícolas, para construir espacios de aprendizaje que atiendan, desde la investigación participativa, problemas y soluciones en los procesos de conversión agroecológica para la producción de alimento. La educación ambiental para la sustentabilidad proporciona, en ese sentido, elementos teóricos y prácticos para modificar actitudes y construir comunidades sustentables, donde la educación ambiental no formal cumple un rol fundamental, especialmente por  la relevancia que le dan las familias campesinas al conocimiento local. En el presente trabajo se muestra como la experiencia de los patios productivos y de otras unidades agrícolas familiares de la comunidad de Palmarote, ubicada en ecosistemas de bosques de la cuenca del río Pao, estado Carabobo, sirven de base para el diseño conceptual y arquitectónico de un centro de formación comunitaria en agroecología para comunidades rurales, CEFOCAP, basado en los principios agroecológicos y de sustentabilidad. Este diseño surgió a partir de la expresa necesidad de las familias locales de transmitir su conocimiento de manera de constituir una comunidad de aprendizaje en agroecología que permitiera el uso de los elementos naturales de la cuenca del río Pao en la producción sana de alimentos y con el menor impacto ambiental posible. El diseño arquitectónico de CEFOCAP cumple con una serie de premisas morfológicas, climáticas, ambientales, tecnológicas que llevan a la conservación de la diversidad florística, funcionales y organizacionales de la cuenca del río Pao.
Ser y parecer sujeto étnico: dilemas de la instrumentalización identitaria en tiempos del boom de la etnicidad
Authors: Rosas Guevara Martha Isabel
Published: October 2021

La presente investigación, elaborada a varios lustros del viraje constitucional de un Estado monocultural, hacia un Estado que valora y exalta la diversidad étnica "e  incluso se erige en garante de la misma-, pretendió problematizar la forma en la que actualmente se representa la otredad étnica, indagando si realmente constituyen un cambio paradigmático en la forma de abordar la diferencia y advirtiendo sobre el riesgo que encarnan al legitimar de manera eufemística, sutiles estrategias de subalternización. Teniendo en cuenta los términos en los que se ha ontologizado "en el pasado y en la actualidad-,  a los grupos étnicos, vale la pena preguntarse, si lo que prima facie podría considerarse como un triunfo en la consolidación de democracias incluyentes, encarna a la postre una suerte de "neorracismo cultural", cuya lógica consistiría en representar la otredad bajo características y rasgos naturales e inmutables "generalmente asociados al folclor-, de tal modo que el multiculturalismo, contrario al racismo, acaba generando nuevas formas de exclusión.
Diagnosis, Medical and Operative Treatments of Lens Diseases in Cats and Dogs
Authors: DEMİR Aynur , DÜZGÜN Oktay
Published: October 2021

Lens diseases are common causes of blindness. These diseases, which cause vision loss if not diagnosed and treated early, are among the most important eye problems that negatively affect the living standards of cats and dogs. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of lens diseases among cats and dogs according to breed, age and etiological causes, determine the conditions affecting the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases, report the success of the treatment, and present the data. The study material consisted of a total of 45 patients, 17 cats and 28 dogs of different ages, sexes and breeds brought to Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Faculty of Veterinary Medi-cine, Department of Surgery and diagnosed with lens disease. After an anamnesis, signalement, a detailed eye exami-nation, the diagnosis of the disease and its relationship with other ocular and systemic diseases were investigated, treatment procedures were determined and performed. Postoperative results of the surgical technique and success rates were determined. Patients were checked at regular intervals after treatment.
Educação ambiental no espaço escolar: um olhar voltado para o conhecimento das leis ambientais
Authors: Oliveira Rosana Maria de , Ferreira Mariane Grando , Benassi Cassiane Beatrís Pasuck , Bär Maira Vanessa , Strieder Dulce Maria
Published: October 2021

Diante do atual cenário de constante degradação do meio ambiente, preconiza-se uma Educação Ambiental que sensibilize o estudante à preservação e conservação do patrimônio ambiental, minimizando, os futuros danos permanentes. Sendo assim, o presente artigo tem por objetivo discutir os aspectos da legislação ambiental com a perspectiva de se tornar um parâmetro para o ensino e aprendizagem no contexto escolar. A partir de uma análise documental e bibliográfica, o trabalho descreve a trajetória histórica da elaboração de leis brasileiras para fins específicos e pondera o trabalho pedagógico em sala de aula como ferramenta crucial neste processo. A partir desse estudo, salienta-se a importância deste ensino para a plena formação de estudantes reflexivos, críticos e com uma postura ambientalista.
RedesFito: Uma estratégia potente para o equilíbrio harmônico entre os desequilíbrios
Authors: Santos Jefferson Pereira Caldas dos
Published: October 2021

A insustentável dinâmica socioambiental, a qual nosso planeta hoje está sendo regido, nos coloca frente a um quadro de grandes desequilíbrios em diferentes dimensões. A tendência da busca do equilíbrio harmônico entre os desequilíbrios é a equação da vida. Inexoravelmente, nosso sistema encontrará um novo equilíbrio entre os desequilíbrios, contudo, pode ser que a humanidade e boa parte da biosfera não façam parte deste novo arranjo. O atual contexto sanitário pandêmico representa um dos maiores desafios da humanidade, sendo este, o resultado deste mundo de desequilíbrios não harmônicos gerados e potencializados pelo nosso sistema de produção dominante.
TRANSFORMATION OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS IN CRISIS
Authors: Melnichuk Oksana , Klishchuk Julia
Published: October 2021

The subject of the study is a set of basic theoretical, scientific and methodological provisions and practical recommendations for analyzing trends in the system of international business and increase the effectiveness of institutional support for enterprises participating in international business. In the course of the research such concepts as "foreign economic activity", "international entrepreneurship", "international business" are considered. The latter is proposed to be considered as a system of business processes implemented by business entities outside of their own country and aimed at achieving strategic goals. Results . An analysis of the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the activities of international market players has been made. A comprehensive analysis of the volume, commodity, geographical structure of exports and imports of goods in Ukraine in 2018–2020. It is determined that Ukraine overwhelmingly exports raw materials and imports high-tech goods. Despite the decline in foreign trade, the general trend indicates that exports and imports will grow in the long run. An objective analysis of the functioning of the Ukrainian business system with the help of many world ratings, which allow us to assess the place of Ukraine in the global conditions of development, in comparison with the economies of other countries. As a result of the study, it was determined that Ukraine is inferior to other countries in the world in trade, regulatory policy, national branding, etc., and has the best position in the field of budget transparency. The results of the analysis indicate the need to implement effective organizational and economic principles aimed at improving the quality of Ukraine's business system. The analysis and construction of the profile of the national business system allowed to identify the main problems in the system of international business and begin to form measures to address them. The practical significance of the obtained results is that the theoretical provisions and practical recommendations obtained by the author as a result of the study can be used in developing directions for the transformation of national international business in a crisis.
INSURANCE AS A METHOD OF PREVENTING BANKRUPTCY OF BUSINESS ENTITIES IN TOURISM
Authors: Turpak Tetiana , Levkovets Nataliia , Nakonechna Svitlana
Published: October 2021

The tourism industry has been significantly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine restrictions. During 2020, the flow of tourists in Ukraine decreased by 2.6 times and 86 tour operators and 488 travel agents ceased operations. Therefore, the topic of bankruptcy in tourism is relevant. The issue of using insurance as a method of preventing the bankruptcy of business entities in tourism has not been adequately covered in scientific developments, but scientists have studied some aspects of this problem.
The purpose of the study is to substantiate the relevance and feasibility of using insurance as a method of preventing bankruptcy of tourism entities and to develop practical recommendations for the introduction of insurance in tourism.
Insurance in tourism is often limited to insurance of liability of tourism entities for damage caused to life or health of a tourist or his property, which belongs to the mandatory types of insurance in accordance with the Law of Ukraine “On Insurance”. Compulsory tourism insurance is intended for tourist insurance to cover the costs associated with an accident or illness. Subjects of tourist activity (tour operators, travel agents, other business entities providing temporary accommodation, meals, excursions, entertainment and other travel services) also need insurance protection in the context of covering the costs of certain events, including producing bankruptcy.
The disadvantage of the current state of the insurance market of Ukraine is the lack of specialized insurance products for tourism entities.
At the same time, a new insurance product for the protection of tourism entities is promising for insurance companies and tourism entities. Comprehensive insurance protection of subjects of tourist activity should be implemented by combining insurance in such areas as insurance against interruption of tourist activity (include protection against costs and losses associated with the COVID-19 pandemic); civil liability insurance of tour operators, travel agents; professional liability insurance of tour operators, travel agents; property insurance; staff insurance; cyberinsurance.
REGULATORS AND LEVERS OF THE ANTI-CRISIS POLICY OF STATE IN THE FIELD OF MONETARY AND ECONOMIC RELATIONS
Authors: Kosova Tetiana , Tereshchenko Olga
Published: October 2021

In the article the definition of the currency crisis as a sharp violation of exchange parity, devaluation of the national currency of a country, the single currency of the economic union, the world reserve currency, etc. for a short period after a period of relatively long exchange rate stability. It is established that the source of the currency crisis can be the banking system, the budget sphere, domestic and foreign public debt, balance of payments, and the channels of influence of factors can be isolated or combined (double, triple, etc.). The main goal of anti-crisis policy in the field of monetary and financial relations is early warning of the crisis. It is shown that the choice of regulators and levers should depend on the model of crisis phenomena in the foreign exchange market, the diversity of which is reduced to the dominance of certain factors: economic, non-economic (military-political, behavioral, psychological), external influence. The retrospectives of four currency crises that have taken place since Ukraine's independence have been assessed, their models have been diagnosed: 1992-1993 – the first, 1998-1999 – mixed (synthesis of the first and third models), 2008-2009 – the third, 2014-2015 – the second. It is statistically shown that the first crisis was the most acute, the third crisis was the mildest. Regulators and levers of anti-crisis policy are defined as a system of interconnected mechanisms of state and market regulation aimed at ensuring the stability of the national currency, its external and internal convertibility, positive balance of payments, growth of official foreign exchange reserves, stimulating the country's export potential. It is proved that the anti-crisis policy of the state in the field of monetary and financial relations should strengthen and complement the operation of market mechanisms with priority given to economic regulators and levers over administrative ones. The main objects of the anti-crisis mechanism in the foreign exchange market, which are implemented in the real and financial sectors of the national economy and are designed to eliminate currency and macroeconomic imbalances, the balance of payments, harmonize monetary and exchange rate policies of the NBU.
FEATURES OF PRICING FOR TRANSPORTATION SERVICES BASED ON MARKETING APPROACH
Authors: Radchenko Olena , Voichenko Tetiana
Published: October 2021

The article examines the features of pricing in the transport market, which is one of the key factors of the market economy; the process of establishing the optimal price for transport services is considered – the only element of traditional marketing, the value of which depends on the economic state and competition in the market and ensures the real income of the enterprise. The problems of modern pricing have been updated; identified the most important external factors that should be considered by transport companies in the pricing process. The analysis showed that despite the ordered and structured classification of pricing methods, there are no systematic methodological approaches that would allow them to adapt to real market conditions. Each of the methods presented in the scientific and methodological literature has a significant drawback – the ability to solve only a particular, separate and narrowly focused problem. Thus, the development of a pricing mechanism that will allow continuous and comprehensive control of this process, taking into account any changes in the current market, is relevant and in demand in the production practice of transport enterprises. New approaches to the pricing of transport services using marketing tools are considered. Taking into account the factors affecting the pricing, a mechanism was proposed for determining the optimal price of a transport company for the services provided, consisting of five consecutive stages and assuming a continuous, regular pricing process aimed at increasing the stability of the company in the market, the formation of its positive dynamics and profit growth. The examples of the step-by-step calculation of the indicators of the company's price attractiveness and the services provided for the formation of optimal prices in the transport market are given. This pricing mechanism develops the methodological foundations of the analysis of the financial and economic activities of a transport company and expands the toolkit for its pricing in market conditions.
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM IN THE CONTEXT OF THE STRATEGIC POTENTIAL OF THE COMPANY
Authors: Smyrnova Tetiana
Published: October 2021

Economic processes taking place in Ukraine in recent years are causing significant changes in the economic conditions of domestic industry. Globalization of competition, increasing consumer demands for product quality highlight the need to create a certain benefit (value) for consumers, owners and other stakeholders. The main mechanism for the formation of such values is the potential of the enterprise. It will determine the uniqueness of the company's offer, its ability to retain stakeholders and create conditions for development.
Today there is also a problem of complex analysis of elements of the communication system of the enterprise, clarification of communication and content of elements of organizational communications, due to the development of methods of analysis of communication networks, the introduction of new elements in the communication system (for example, communication climate, communication skills). Communication in general, as well as the structure and content of the communicative capabilities of the enterprise.
The article considers the theoretical foundations of the communication system in the structure of the strategic potential of the enterprise, compares the essence of the concept of the communication system based on the studied works of domestic and foreign scientists. The definition of the communication system of a modern enterprise is specified taking into account the content of communicative abilities. A detailed definition of the latter can be formulated as what «a company can do» in the presence of a certain resource base, «Pool of resources», the use of which is organized within the administrative system.
The formation of enterprise capabilities requires the solution of tasks: identification of causal links between resources and opportunities; analysis of the development of complex multi-element resources required by the organization; compatibility research, resource sequence.
Focusing exclusively on production tasks to maximize production volumes can lead to serious problems: aging of manufactured products, deterioration of customer service, and so on. Therefore, the approach to the consideration of strategic industrial potential from the standpoint of realization of its production potential will be correct, but also takes into account other components, resources and opportunities.