bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular Polymorphisms of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Gene and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Very Low Birth Weight Infants
Authors: Filonzi Laura , Perrone Serafina , Tataranno Maria Luisa , Magnani Cinzia , Dadomo Harold , Bottoni Anthea , Vaghi Marina , Nonnis Marzano Francesco
Published: September 2022

Background. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease affecting primarily preterm and very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. Despite the advances in perinatal care, BPD remains a major clinical and costly complication in premature infants. The pathogenesis of BPD is complex and multifactorial. Prematurity, mechanical ventilation, oxidative stress, and inflammation are recognized as major interrelated contributing factors. Recently, some candidate genes involved in angiogenesis and alveolarization regulating mechanisms have been associated to BPD risk development. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) polymorphisms on BPD onset in VLBW newborns. Methods. Eighty-two VLBW infants, without major anomalies, were consecutively enrolled: 33 developed BPD (BPD group) and 49 infants without BPD served as controls (control group). In all infants, two polymorphisms, respectively (VEGF receptor) VEGFR1-710 C/T and VEGF +936 C/T, were determined through salivary brush. Genomic DNA was extracted and purified from saliva samples by using the MasterAmp Buccal Swab DNA Extraction Kit (Tebu-bio, Milan, Italy). Results. Significant statistic differences were found between BPD newborns and controls with regard to gestational age, birth weight, mechanical ventilation, duration of oxygen therapy, maternal preeclampsia, and chorioamnionitis. No differences were detected between genotypic and allelic levels regarding VEGFR1 and VEGF molecular polymorphisms. Conclusions. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms within VEGF and VEGFR1 genes are not associated with BPD. Further researches are needed to reveal gene polymorphisms involved in vascular development as contributors to the onset of BPD.
Multimedia Fusion Privacy Protection Algorithm Based on IoT Data Security under Network Regulations
Authors: Zhu Guicun , Li Xingguo , Zheng Changlong , Wang Linlin
Published: September 2022

This study provides an in-depth analysis and research on multimedia fusion privacy protection algorithms based on IoT data security in a network regulation environment. Aiming at the problem of collusion and conspiracy to deceive users in the process of outsourced computing and outsourced verification, a safe, reliable, and collusion-resistant scheme based on blockchain is studied for IoT outsourced data computing and public verification, with the help of distributed storage methods, where smart devices encrypt the collected data and upload them to the DHT for storage along with the results of this data given by the cloud server. After testing, the constructed model has a privacy-preserving budget value of 0.6 and the smallest information leakage ratio of multimedia fusion data based on IoT data security when the decision tree depth is 6. After using this model under this condition, the maximum value of the information leakage ratio of multimedia fusion data based on IoT data security is reduced from 0.0865 to 0.003, and the data security is significantly improved. In the consensus verification process, to reduce the consensus time and ensure the operating efficiency of the system, a consensus node selection algorithm is proposed, thereby reducing the time complexity of the consensus. Based on the smart grid application scenario, the security and performance of the proposed model are analyzed. This study proves the correctness of this scheme by using BAN logic and proves the security of this scheme under the stochastic prediction machine model. Finally, this study compares the security aspects and performance aspects of the scheme with some existing similar schemes and shows that the scheme is feasible under IoT.
Experimental Study and Simulation Analysis of Slurry Filling Process of Shield Tail Synchronous Grouting
Authors: Wang Yu , Li Xiaolong , Jia Heyang
Published: September 2022

Based on the inadequacy of groundwater pressure and other factors on interstitial pressure and slurry filling rate during synchronous grouting by groundwater action, a scaled-down simulation was carried out and the applicability of the simulation was verified by model tests based on the shield tunnel project of Metro Line 12 under Longzi Lake. The results show that during the synchronous grouting process, the pressure in the slurry filling area mainly depends on the grouting pressure, and the pressure in the gap increases with the increase of grouting pressure; the pressure distribution in the gap in the unfilled area is mainly controlled by the groundwater pressure, and the pressure in the gap is positively related to the groundwater pressure. After the slurry completely fills the gap, the overall pressure distribution in the shield tail gap is more uniform. The slurry filling rate decreases with increasing groundwater pressure and increases with increasing grouting pressure; the effects of changing slurry density and slurry viscosity on the pressure distribution in the interstitial space and the slurry filling rate in the shield tail are not significant. The degree of influence of each factor on the slurry filling rate was in the following order: grouting pressure > groundwater pressure > slurry density > slurry viscosity. The work carried out is a guide to the optimization of synchronous grouting process and parameter design in shield tunnels.
Guided Wave Focusing Imaging Detection of Pipelines by Piezoelectric Sensor Array
Authors: Guorong Song , Ce Bian , Yan Lyu , Yang Li , Jing Yang , Lei Zheng , Cunfu He
Published: September 2022

The sensor array-based guided wave focusing detection method can effectively improve the detection sensitivity of defects and realize the visual imaging. In this research, the three-dimensional finite element simulation model of stainless steel pipeline for guided wave focusing detection was established, and the L(0, 2) mode of guided wave was excited by applying a load on the end surface of the pipeline. And in the experiment, the excitation and reception of L(0, 2) mode guided waves on the outer surface of the stainless steel pipeline were realized by the piezoelectric transducer array. A 16-channel guided wave focusing experimental system was integrated to conduct the defect detection experiments on a stainless steel pipe with diameter of 140 mm and wall thickness of 5 mm. The total matrix data acquisition was performed, and then the amplitude total focusing (TFM) imaging and sign coherence factor (SCF) imaging of the pipe were realized. In this way, the experimental results showed that the pipeline defect detection method and the system proposed in this research can achieve the longitudinal and circumferential positioning and imaging of defects, like holes and scratches.
Effect of Multichannel Convolutional Neural Network-Based Model on the Repair and Aesthetic Effect of Eye Plastic Surgery Patients
Authors: YixinQu  , BingyingLin  , ShuilingLi  , XianchaiLin  , ZhenMao  , XingyiLi  , RongxinChen  , DanpingHuang
Published: September 2022

Objective. This study is aimed at exploring the impact of eye model based on multichannel convolutional neural network (CNN) on eye plastic surgery and aesthetic effect, thus formulating methods to improve the effect of eye plastic surgery. Methods. A total of 64 patients who underwent pouch plastic surgery from January 2020 to March 2021 were selected as the research objects and were divided into observation group and control group by random number table method. The subjects in the observation group were evaluated by multichannel CNN-based eye model and doctors’ experience, while those in the control group were evaluated by doctors’ experience only, with 32 cases in both groups. Blepharoplasty, lower eyelid skin wrinkles, skin luster, and aesthetic scores were compared between the two groups. Results. The similarity between the multichannel CNN model detected shape and the actual eye shape (98.78%) was considerably higher than that of the CNN model detected shape (78.65%) (

P
<
0.05

). After treatment, the indexes of pouch degree, lower eyelid skin wrinkle, eyelid lacrimal sulcus, skin gloss, and aesthetic score in the observation group were better than those in the control group (

P
<
0.05

). The incidence of complications in the observation group (13%) was considerably lower than that in the control group (28%) (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. The eye model based on the multichannel CNN model was helpful to improve the surgical repair and aesthetic effect of patients and can improve the occurrence of postoperative complications.
Melatonin Attenuates Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity via Regulating the Cell Apoptosis of the Inner Ear
Authors: Wang Na , Xu Anting , Zhang Hao , Zhang Yongju , Sui Rongcui , Fan Xintai , Hou Lingxiao , Shi Li
Published: September 2022

Objective. The mechanism of ototoxicity caused by cisplatin is currently unclear, and the induced apoptosis may play an important role in inner ear injury. Melatonin has high antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects. This study is aimed at clarifying the protective effect on the inner ear and the underlying mechanism of melatonin. Design. The mice and HEI-OC1 cells were randomly separated into four groups: control group, cisplatin group, melatonin group, and cisplatin exposure after melatonin pretreatment group. Place and Duration of the Study. From September 2018 to September 2021, all experiments were completed at the Second Hospital of Shandong University. And the study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Second Hospital of Shandong University (KYLL-2020 (KJ) A-0191). Methodology. Mice were pretreated with peritoneal injection of melatonin prior to the application of cisplatin. Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) test was performed before and after treatment, then the temporal bones were collected for histology investigation. HEI-OC1 cells were pretreated with melatonin before adding cisplatin. The apoptosis of HEI-OC1 cells was observed by MTS, TUNEL, and flow cytometry, respectively. Moreover, the mRNA expression of apoptosis-related factors was detected by qRT-PCR. Results. ABR and morphological analysis showed that cisplatin caused damage to the function and structure of the inner ear. MTS, TUNEL, and flow cytometry showed that the application of cisplatin caused a significant increase in the apoptosis level of HEI-OC1 cells, and melatonin pretreatment reduced this damage. Moreover, melatonin pretreatment reversed the mRNA expression changes of apoptosis-related factors induced by cisplatin. Conclusions. Apoptosis is involved in the inner ear dysfunction caused by cisplatin. Melatonin reduces the ototoxicity of cisplatin by regulating the induced apoptosis response.
Stability Analysis of Stochastic Differential Equation Driven by G-Brownian Motion under Non-Lipschitz Condition
Authors: Ma Li , Li Yujing
Published: September 2022

This paper is devoted to studying the p-th moment exponential stability for a class of stochastic differential equation (SDE) driven by G-Brownian motion under non-Lipschitz condition. The delays considered in this paper are time-varying delays

τ

i

t

1
≤
i
≤
3

. Since the coefficients are non-Lipschitz, the normal enlargement on the coefficients is not available and the Gronwall inequality is not suitable in this case. By Bihari inequality and Itô integral formula, it is pointed out that there exists a constant

τ

∗

such that the p-th moment exponential stability holds if the time-varying delays are smaller than

τ

∗

.
Study of Fano Resonance Effects in Graphene-Grating Composite Structures
Authors: Cui Danying , Liu Jin , Yang Haima
Published: September 2022

In order to optimize the sensitivity and detection accuracy of Fano resonance optical sensors, a sensing model of graphene-grating composite micro-nanostructure with high sensing performance is proposed based on the optical properties of graphene and grating. By studying the reflection spectra and field distribution characteristics of the structure, the sensing mechanism of Fano resonance generated by the structure is elaborated, and the parameters affecting the Fano resonance sensing performance are analyzed to enhance the Fano resonance sensing performance by optimizing the structural parameters, and the Fano resonance reflection spectral curve with high-sensitivity and high-quality factor (FOM) value is obtained. The results show that when the grating period

P
=
300

 nm, the grating height T1 = 110 nm, and the silver film thickness T2 = 30 nm, the sensitivity of the structure is 980 nm/RIU and the quality factor FOM is 770RIU−1 by changing the refractive index of the material to be measured.
Type 1–3 Canal Configuration in the Buccal Root of a Maxillary Second Molar
Authors: Li Hui , Wang Qiang , Fan Mingwen , Xu Qingan
Published: September 2022

Objectives. A major challenge in root canal treatment is the complex and variable root canal system. There are several methods of classification of root canal systems. Herein, we report a case of a maxillary second molar, the root canal system of which could not be classified according to any of the previous methods. Case Report. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), used to visualize the root canal system of a maxillary left second molar with fused roots, revealed a type 1–3 root canal system in the buccal root and a type 1–1 root canal system in the palatal root. A dental operating microscope was used throughout the treatment, and the root canals were successfully obturated. Conclusion. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the classification of buccal roots of maxillary second molars. Clinical Significance. A dental operating microscope and CBCT play a vital role in mapping the root canal system to ensure that no canal is missed.
Rational Uniform Consensus with General Omission Failures
Authors: Zhang Yansong , Shen Bo , Zhao Yingsi
Published: September 2022

Generally, system failures, such as crash failures, Byzantine failures, and so on, are considered as common reasons for the inconsistencies of distributed consensus and have been extensively studied. In fact, strategic manipulations by rational agents are not ignored for reaching consensus in a distributed system. In this paper, we extend the game-theoretic analysis of consensus and design an algorithm of rational uniform consensus with general omission failures under the assumption that processes are controlled by rational agents and prefer consensus. Different from crashing one, agent with omission failures may crash or omit to send or receive messages when it should, which leads to difficulty of detecting faulty agents. By combining the possible failures of agents at the both ends of a link, we convert omission failure model into link state model to make faulty detection possible. Through analyzing message passing mechanism in the distributed system with

n

agents, among which

t

agents may commit omission failures, we provide the upper bound on message passing time for reaching consensus on a state among nonfaulty agents and message chain mechanism for validating messages. Then, we prove that our rational uniform consensus is a Nash equilibrium when

n
>
2
t
+
1

, and failure patterns and initial preferences are

blind

(an assumption of randomness). Thus, agents have no motivation to deviate the consensus, which could provide interpretable stability for the algorithm in multiagent systems such as distributed energy systems. Our research strengthens the reliability of consensus with omission failures from the perspective of game theory.
Integration of TAM Model of Consumers’ Intention to Adopt Cryptocurrency Platform in Thailand: The Mediating Role of Attitude and Perceived Risk
Authors: Namahoot Kanokkarn Snae , Rattanawiboonsom Vichayanan
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this paper was to propose a model that examined a study adopting the technology acceptance model with additional constructs (i.e., innovativeness) and the mediating role of attitude and perceived risk to use the cryptocurrency platform in Thailand. The data were collected through a questionnaire-based survey (456 usable responses) from consumers in Thailand. A two-step SEM approach (i.e., a measurement model and a structural model) was used to analyze the data. The findings showed a significant positive influence of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, innovativeness, attitude, perceived risk, and cryptocurrency platform adoption. Moreover, attitude mediated the relationship between perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, innovativeness, and cryptocurrency platform adoption. Overall, our results showed that the model of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and innovativeness explained 62.9% of the variance in the intention to use the cryptocurrency platform in Thailand. Our study has contributed to the technology acceptance model and highlighted its effectiveness in explaining the adoption of the cryptocurrency platform in Thailand.
Exosomal lncRNA PCAT1 Promotes Tumor Circulating Cell-Mediated Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis by Regulating the Activity of the miR-329-3p/Netrin-1-CD146 Complex
Authors: Fang Xingbao , Xu Yongping , Li Kezhi , Liu Peiwan , Zhang Hong , Jiang Yang , Tang Jianwei , Li Yuehong
Published: September 2022

Objective. This study explored the colorectal cancer exosome lncRNA prostate cancer associated transcript 1– (PCAT1) mediated circulating tumors and the mechanism of cell colorectal cancer liver metastasis. Methods. Exosomes were extracted from the primary colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines HCT116 and SW480 and cultured with T84 and human umbilical vein endothelial (HUVE) cells. The expression of PCAT1 and miR-329-3p was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), the expression of Netrin-1, CD146, and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) related proteins was detected by Western blot, the proliferation activity of T84 cells was detected by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8), and cell migration was detected by Transwell. The expression of the F-actin signal was detected by immunofluorescence after coculture of exosomes with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Changes in subcutaneous tumor and liver nodule size after PCAT1 deletion were observed in a mouse model of liver metastasis from rectal cancer. Results. PCAT1 expression was upregulated in primary cell lines and their exosomes. After exosomes were cocultured with colorectal cancer tumor circulating T84 cells, the expression of Netrin-1 and CD146 was upregulated, the expression of miR-329-3p was downregulated, the proliferation and migration ability of T84 cells were enhanced, and EMT occurred. After knocking down PCAT1, the above phenomenon was reversed. Similarly, after exosomes were cocultured with HUVECs, the expression of the F-actin signal increased, and after PCAT1 was knocked down, the F-actin signal also decreased. PCAT1 regulates miR-329-3p/Netrin-1 and affects the biological behavior of T84 and F-actin signal expression in HUVECs. In a mouse model of colorectal cancer liver metastasis, knocking down PCAT1 significantly reduced the nodules formed by liver metastasis in mice. Conclusions. LncRNA PCAT1 derived from colorectal cancer exosomes regulates the activity of the Netrin-1-CD146 complex in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) to promote the occurrence of colorectal cancer EMT and liver metastasis and provides new molecular targets for the treatment of colorectal cancer liver metastasis.
p53 Inhibits Bmi-1-driven Self-Renewal and Defines Salivary Gland Cancer Stemness
Authors: Rodriguez-Ramirez Christie , Zhang Zhaocheng , Warner Kristy A. , Herzog Alexandra E. , Mantesso Andrea , Zhang Zhixiong , Yoon Eusik , Wang Shaomeng , Wicha Max S. , Nör Jacques E.
Published: September 2022

Purpose:

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is a poorly understood salivary gland malignancy with limited therapeutic options. Cancer stem cells (CSC) are considered drivers of cancer progression by mediating tumor recurrence and metastasis. We have shown that clinically relevant small molecule inhibitors of MDM2–p53 interaction activate p53 signaling and reduce the fraction of CSC in MEC. Here we examined the functional role of p53 in the plasticity and self-renewal of MEC CSC.

Experimental Design:

Using gene silencing and therapeutic activation of p53, we analyzed the cell-cycle profiles and apoptosis levels of CSCs in MEC cell lines (UM-HMC-1, -3A, -3B) via flow cytometry and looked at the effects on survival/self-renewal of the CSCs through sphere assays. We evaluated the effect of p53 on tumor development (N = 51) and disease recurrence (N = 17) using in vivo subcutaneous and orthotopic murine models of MEC. Recurrence was followed for 250 days after tumor resection.

Results:

Although p53 activation does not induce MEC CSC apoptosis, it reduces stemness properties such as self-renewal by regulating Bmi-1 expression and driving CSC towards differentiation. In contrast, downregulation of p53 causes expansion of the CSC population while promoting tumor growth. Remarkably, therapeutic activation of p53 prevented CSC-mediated tumor recurrence in preclinical trials.

Conclusions:

Collectively, these results demonstrate that p53 defines the stemness of MEC and suggest that therapeutic activation of p53 might have clinical utility in patients with salivary gland MEC.
Tumor Cell–Autonomous SHP2 Contributes to Immune Suppression in Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Chen Hao , Cresswell Gregory M. , Libring Sarah , Ayers Mitchell G. , Miao Jinmin , Zhang Zhong-Yin , Solorio Luis , Ratliff Timothy L. , Wendt Michael K.
Published: September 2022

SH2 containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-2 (SHP2) is recognized as a druggable oncogenic phosphatase that is expressed in both tumor cells and immune cells. How tumor cell–autonomous SHP2 contributes to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and therapeutic failure of immune checkpoint blockades in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is not fully understood. Herein, we utilized systemic SHP2 inhibition and inducible genetic depletion of SHP2 to investigate immune reprogramming during SHP2 targeting. Pharmacologic inhibition of SHP2 sensitized MBC cells growing in the lung to α-programmed death ligand 1 (α-PD-L1) antibody treatment via relieving T-cell exhaustion induced by checkpoint blockade. Tumor cell–specific depletion of SHP2 similarly reduced pulmonary metastasis and also relieved exhaustion markers on CD8+ and CD4+ cells. Both systemic SHP2 inhibition and tumor cell–autonomous SHP2 depletion reduced tumor-infiltrated CD4+ T cells and M2-polarized tumor-associated macrophages. Analysis of TCGA datasets revealed that phosphorylation of SHP2 is important for immune-cell infiltration, T-cell activation and antigen presentation. To investigate this mechanistically, we conducted in vitro T-cell killing assays, which demonstrated that pretreatment of tumor cells with FGF2 and PDGF reduced the cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells in a SHP2-dependent manner. Both growth factor receptor signaling and three-dimensional culture conditions transcriptionally induced PD-L1 via SHP2. Finally, SHP2 inhibition reduced MAPK signaling and enhanced STAT1 signaling, preventing growth factor–mediated suppression of MHC class I. Overall, our findings support the conclusion that tumor cell–autonomous SHP2 is a key signaling node utilized by MBC cells to engage immune-suppressive mechanisms in response to diverse signaling inputs from TME.

Significance:

Findings present inhibition of SHP2 as a therapeutic option to limit breast cancer metastasis by promoting antitumor immunity.
STAG2 Expression is Associated with Adverse Survival Outcomes and Regulates Cell Phenotype in Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Athans Sarah R. , Krishnan Nithya , Ramakrishnan Swathi , Cortes Gomez Eduardo , Lage-Vickers Sofía , Rak Monika , Kazmierczak Zara I. , Ohm Joyce Ellen , Attwood Kristopher , Wang Jianmin , Woloszynska Anna
Published: September 2022

Stromal antigen 2 (STAG2), in healthy somatic cells, functions in sister chromatid cohesion, DNA damage repair, and genome organization, but its role in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) remains unknown. Here, using whole-exome and targeted sequencing (n = 119 bladder cancer clinical samples), we found several STAG2 mutations in MIBC that correlate with loss of protein expression. The analysis of a bladder cancer tissue microarray (n = 346) revealed that decreased STAG2 protein expression is associated with improved overall and progression-free survival for patients with MIBC. In mouse xenograft studies, STAG2 knockdown (KD) decelerated MIBC tumor growth, whereas STAG2 overexpression accelerated tumor growth. In cell line studies, STAG2 loss augmented treatment with cisplatin, a first-line therapy for MIBC. STAG2 KD or overexpression did not alter degree of aneuploidy, copy-number variations, or cell-cycle distribution. However, unbiased RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that STAG2 KD altered gene expression. STAG2 KD led to significant downregulation of several gene sets, such as collagen containing extracellular matrix, external encapsulating structure organization, and regulation of chemotaxis. Therefore, we investigated the effect of STAG2 KD on cell migration and invasion in vitro. We found that STAG2 KD minimized cell speed, displacement, and invasion. Altogether, our results present a noncanonical function of STAG2 in promoting cell motility and invasion of MIBC cells. This work forms the basis for additional investigation into the role of STAG2 in transcriptional regulation and how it becomes dysregulated in STAG2-mutant MIBC.

Significance:

The cohesin component STAG2 regulates cell motility and invasion. STAG2 expression is associated with decreased MIBC survival and may be a useful biomarker to guide bladder cancer treatment.
Financial Toxicities Persist for Cancer Survivors Irrespective of Current Cancer Status: An Analysis of Medical Expenditure Panel Survey
Authors: Karim Mohammad A. , Talluri Rajesh , Shastri Surendra S. , Kum Hye-Chung , Shete Sanjay
Published: September 2022

This study estimates the out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditures for different cancer types among survivors with current versus no current cancer condition and across sex, which is understudied in the literature. This is a cross-sectional study of Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data for 2009–2018 where the primary outcome was the average per year OOP expenditure incurred by cancer survivors. Of 189,285 respondents, 15,010 (7.93%) were cancer survivors; among them, 46.28% had a current cancer condition. Average per year OOP expenditure for female survivors with a current condition of breast cancer ($1,730), lung cancer ($1,679), colon cancer ($1,595), melanoma ($1,783), non–Hodgkin lymphoma ($1,656), nonmelanoma/other skin cancer (NMSC, $2,118) and two or more cancers ($2,310) were significantly higher than that of women with no history of cancer ($853, all P < 0.05). Similarly, average per year OOP expenditure for male survivors with a current condition of prostate cancer ($1,457), lung cancer ($1,131), colon cancer ($1,471), melanoma ($1,474), non–Hodgkin lymphoma ($1,653), NMSC ($1,789), and bladder cancer ($2,157) were significantly higher compared with the men with no history of cancer ($621, all P < 0.05). These differences persisted in survivors with no current cancer condition for breast cancer among women; prostate, lung, colon, and bladder cancer among men; and melanoma, NMSC, and two or more cancers among both sexes. OOP expenditure varied across cancer types and by sex for survivors with and without a current cancer condition. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions for cancer survivors.

Significance:

Our study found that OOP expenditures among survivors with a current cancer condition for several cancers were significantly higher than that of individuals without a cancer history. These differences persisted in female with breast cancer; male with prostate, lung, colon, and bladder cancer; and survivors of both sexes with melanoma, and NMSC/other skin cancer, even after there was no current cancer condition.
STAIR und STAIR/NT zur Behandlung der Posttraumatischen Belastungssymptomatik: Ein systematischer Übersichtsartikel
Authors: Lorbeer Noemi , Knaevelsrud Christine , Niemeyer Helen
Published: September 2022

Hintergrund: Aktuelle Leitlinien empfehlen phasenbasierte Behandlungsansätze wie das Skills-Training zur Affektiven und Interpersonellen Regulation mit Narrativer Therapie (STAIR/NT) zur Behandlung der Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung nach komplexer Traumatisierung. Bislang ist jedoch keine systematische Übersicht zur Wirksamkeit der ersten Therapiephase STAIR und von STAIR/NT verfügbar. Methode: In einer systematischen Literaturrecherche wurden in verschiedenen Datenbanken Interventionsstudien mit und ohne Kontrollbedingung zu STAIR, STAIR/NT und deren Adaptationen gesucht. Ergebnisse: Insgesamt erfüllten k = 10 Studien zu STAIR/-Adaptationen (davon 5 mit Kontrollbedingung) und k = 5 Studien zu STAIR/NT/-Adaptationen (davon 4 mit Kontrollbedingung) die Einschlusskriterien. In 7 Studien zu STAIR/-Adaptationen und 4 Studien zu STAIR/NT/-Adaptationen wurden Risikogruppen für eine komplexe Traumatisierung untersucht. In den Studien zu STAIR/- und STAIR/NT/-Adaptationen zeigte sich eine Reduktion der posttraumatischen Belastungssymptomatik, affektiven Dysregulation und interpersonellen Problematik. Im Vergleich zu passiven und aktiven Kontrollbedingungen waren STAIR/- und STAIR/NT/-Adaptationen gleichermaßen wirksam oder wirksamer. Diskussion: Die Befundlage zur Wirksamkeit von STAIR/- und STAIR/NT/-Adaptationen ist heterogen. Bislang ist die Evidenz durch eine geringe Anzahl an Wirksamkeitsstudien, diverse Adaptationen, oftmals unkontrollierte Studiendesigns, subklinische Stichproben sowie kleine Stichprobengrößen limitiert. Künftige Studien sollten die Wirksamkeit von STAIR/NT bei Patient*innen mit einer komplexen Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung untersuchen.
Mortality in a Multiethnic Population Attending a One-Stop TIA Clinic
Authors: Kadicheeni Meeriam , Minhas Jatinder S. , Coles Briana , Hussain Shazia T. , Khunti Kamlesh , Robinson Thompson G. , Eveson David J. , Mistri Amit K.
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Studies indicate a 13–27% mortality rate following a transient ischaemic attack (TIA). However, outcomes following TIA/minor stroke since the introduction of rapid-access TIA clinics and prompt vascular risk factor intervention are not known. Specifically, there is paucity of data comparing outcomes between people who are diagnosed with an “acute cerebrovascular” (CV) event or an alternative non-cardiovascular diagnosis (non-CV) in a rapid-access TIA clinic. We aimed to assess the mortality in such a setting. Methods: A retrospective observational study was undertaken at the Leicester rapid-access secondary care TIA clinic. Data included information collected at the first clinic visit (including comorbidities, and primary diagnosis, categorized as CV and non-CV) and the date of death for people dying during follow-up. Results: 11,524 subjects were included with 33,164 years of follow-up data; 4,746 (41.2%) received a CV diagnosis. The median follow-up time was 2.75 years (interquartile range 1.36–4.32). The crude mortality rate was 37.3 (95% CI: 35.3–39.5) per 1,000 person-years (PTPY). The mortality rate was higher following a CV diagnosis (50.8 [47.2–54.7] PTPY) compared to a non-CV diagnosis (27.9 [25.7–30.4] PTPY), and for males, older people, those of white ethnicity, and people with orthostatic hypotension (OH). Discussion: This study identified possible risk factors associated with a higher mortality in TIA clinic attendees, who may benefit from specific intervention. Future research should explore the underlying causes and the effect of specific targeted management strategies.
Uveitic Granulomas Masquerading as Ocular Tumors
Authors: AlZaid Abdulrahman , Magliyah Moustafa S. , AlZahrani Yahya , ALBalawi Hani Basher , AlDhibi Hassan
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Solitary uveal lesions confer a diagnostic challenge to ophthalmologists. Uveitic lesions most abundantly appear amelanotic and commonly involve the choroid. Most amelanotic choroidal lesions are either neoplastic or inflammatory in origin. In our study, we aimed to describe six uveitic granuloma cases, which were referred to a tertiary ophthalmology center as intraocular tumors. Methods: Retrospective chart review of 6 patients (7 eyes) who had uveitic granulomas and were referred to a tertiary ophthalmology center as having intraocular tumors. Results: Mean age on presentation was 47 ± 12.5 years. One lesion was involving the ciliary body only, five lesions had pure choroidal involvement, and one had ciliochoroidal involvement. Mean visual acuity on presentation was 1.7 ± 0.75 (Snellen = 20/1,000) and ranged from 20/80 to light perception. Mean basal diameter of all lesions was 7.7 ± 1.8 mm. Three lesions had moderate echogenicity, two lesions were low to moderate echoic, and one lesion had moderate to high echogenicity on ultrasonography. Three lesions were associated with retinal detachments. Five eyes showed an early hypofluorescence with late hyperfluorescence. Leakage of fluorescein at borders was noticed in 3 lesions. Final diagnosis was presumed intraocular tuberculosis in 4 patients, probable ocular sarcoidosis in 1 patient, and idiopathic solitary uveitic granulomas in 1 patient. Upon treatment, the vision improved to 0.3 ± 0.27 (Snellen = 20/40) and ranged from 20/20 to 20/100 after 4.7 ± 2.9 years of follow-up. Conclusions: Uveitic granulomas can demonstrate features of ocular tumors. Proper uveitis management leads to a favorable visual outcome and ocular preservation.
Cabildo ciudadano sobre eutanasia: participación social en salud y formación ciudadana
Authors: Pinzón-Segura María Camila , Roth-Deubel André Noël , Mosquera-Pedreros Natalia , Méndez Daniela , Cajamarca Luisa , Aragón-Joya Yefry Andrés
Published: September 2022

(analítico)El artículo describe la implementación del cabildo ciudadano sobre eutanasia en niños, niñas y adolescentes en Colombia. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo exploratorio, de tipo investigación-acción-participativa. En la primera fase se conformaron tres paneles: formador, implicados y ciudadanos, y se llevaron a cabo dos etapas de deliberación: formativa y pública. En la fase de análisis de contenido (orientada por preguntas dirigidas a los ciudadanos), se caracterizó al minipúblico involucrado. Se destaca como hallazgos centrales la transformación de la opinión de las y los ciudadanos participantes, así como de sus capacidades deliberativas, lo que permitió dar cuenta de la efectividad de la metodología para facilitar que las y los ciudadanos formulen recomendaciones consensuadas en temas complejos y contribuyan en procesos de formación en democracia y participación social en salud.
Palabras clave:  Formación política ciudadana; derechos del niño; eutanasia; participación social.
Ultrastructural analysis of the antennae of Hemilucilia segmentaria (Diptera: Calliphoridae), a blowfly of forensic importance
Authors: Alvarez-Garcia Deivys Moises , Sierra-Juez María Paula , Sakamoto Dimas Kenji , Nihei Silvio Shigueo
Published: September 2022

Hemilucilia segmentaria (Fabricius, 1805) is a Neotropical blowfly species of forensic importance, with necrophagous and asynanthropic habits. In this study, the antennal ultrastructure of H. segmentaria was examined using scanning electron microscopy. The three antennal segments are covered by microtrichia. Sensilla chaetica were detected only on the scape and pedicel. Setiferous plaques and a pedicellar button were observed on the pedicel. Four types of sensilla were found on the postpedicel, including s. trichoidea, s. basiconica (subtype I, II and III), s. coeloconica subtype I, and sensory pits with s. coeloconica subtype II. This is the first time that the fine structure of the antennae of H. segmentaria was studied. Our results constitute a solid base for research on comparative and functional morphology in H. segmentaria and other blowflies.
Aspirin for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: Time for a Platelet-Guided Approach
Authors: Cofer Lucas B. , Barrett Tessa J. , Berger Jeffrey S.
Published: September 2022

Aspirin protects against atherothrombosis while increasing the risk of major bleeding. Although it is widely used to prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD), its benefit does not outweigh its risk for primary CVD prevention in large population settings. The recent United States Preventive Services Task Force guidelines on aspirin use to prevent CVD reflect this clinical tradeoff as well as the persistent struggle to define a population that would benefit from prophylactic aspirin therapy. Past clinical trials of primary CVD prevention with aspirin have not included consideration of a biomarker relevant to aspirin’s mechanism of action, platelet inhibition. This approach is at odds with the paradigm used in other key areas of pharmacological CVD prevention, including antihypertensive and statin therapy, which combine cardiovascular risk assessment with the measurement of mechanistic biomarkers (eg, blood pressure and LDL [low-density lipoprotein]-cholesterol). Reliable methods for quantifying platelet activity, including light transmission aggregometry and platelet transcriptomics, exist and should be considered to identify individuals at elevated cardiovascular risk due to a hyperreactive platelet phenotype. Therefore, we propose a new, platelet-guided approach to the study of prophylactic aspirin therapy. We think that this new approach will reveal a population with hyperreactive platelets who will benefit most from primary CVD prevention with aspirin and usher in a new era of precision-guided antiplatelet therapy.
Actions, Imagined Communities and the Question of Power
Authors: Rueda Garrido Daniel
Published: September 2022

If human action cannot be understood separately from subjectivity, as the phenomenological tradition has shown, with this article I seek to explore the relationship between subjectivity and community, in what can be taken as an intersubjective consciousness constituted by the phenomenological totality of a particular way of being human -an anthropical image-. Thus, if such consciousness is intersubjective, it is precisely because it implies the same way of being and acting in others. This way of being and acting is the expression of a certain power, not only that of persisting in the actualisation of this anthropical image, but also that of incarnating it in progressive degrees of perfection. This power, therefore, although it is to a greater degree in those subjects who incarnate it more perfectly, whom we can call elites, it is also to an essential degree in the other co-subjects. Acting in a certain way implies a meaning and an interest, both of which are particularly vested in the community’s elites.
A new record of Euphorbia riinae (Euphorbiaceae) for Brazil
Authors: MARQUES DA SILVA OTÁVIO LUIS , CORDEIRO INÊS
Published: September 2022

N/A
New record and a new species of Lissosabinea Christoffersen, 1988 (Decapoda: Caridea: Crangonidae) from Brazil
Authors: TAVARES MARCOS , DE MENDONÇA JOEL BRAGA , COLAVITE JÉSSICA
Published: September 2022

Lissosabinea tridentata (Pequegnat, 1970) known hitherto from the Gulf of Mexico off Florida (24°N) and only western Atlantic representative of the genus, is reported here for the first time from much further south, Brazil off the coast of Espírito Santo, Vitória-Trindade Seamount Chain, Montague Bank (20°S), between 310 and 391 m. A second western Atlantic species, Lissosabinea christofferseni sp. nov., is described here as new from material collected in the Abrolhos Bank, at depth between 340–360 m. One exuviae and one damaged specimen, reported in 1988 from off the coast of Chuí, Brazil (34°S) (at that time mistakenly referred to as Uruguay) and attributed to “Lissosabinea cf. tridentata” are herein referred to the new species. It has been clarified that Lissosabinea christofferseni sp. nov. and L. tridentata have a transverse row of teeth adjacent to the posterior margin of the sixth pleonal sternite; in crangonids, such a feature is so far known only in Placopsicrangron formosa Komai & Chan, 2009.
A feasibility study on piezoelectric energy harvesting from the operational vibration of a highway bridge
Authors: Infantes María , Castro-Triguero Rafael , Sola-Guirado Rafael R , Bullejos David , Friswell Michael I
Published: September 2022

Vibration-based energy harvesting represents a clean power technology that can be of interest for application in civil engineering structures. This study focuses on energy harvesting using cantilever piezoelectric devices excited by operational and ambient bridge vibration. The optimal design and analysis of energy harvesters is usually performed using the mean and standard deviation of a response quantity of interest (i.e. voltage) under broadband Gaussian white noise excitation. In this paper, a novel holistic approach to the problem is proposed through the statistics of the voltage of piezoelectric energy harvesters under real measured bridge vibration base excitation. A new semi-analytic expression of the expected power is developed. The solution is based on the closed-form of the frequency response function between the harvester output voltage and the base excitation, and the experimentally measured spectral density of the latter. A study on the influence of the electromechanical coupling of the problem equations is first conducted. Then, a sensitivity analysis of the piezoelectric energy harvester parameters is performed. The critical analysis is developed through a case study of the measured long-term vibrations of a bowstring-arch highway bridge. Both operational and ambient vibration records are considered in the feasibility study. The results show the potential of the semi-analytic expression to evaluate the harvested power of piezoelectric harvesters under operational structural vibration. This is a promising approach to confidently develop future analyses on the power requirements of wireless sensor networks for SHM.
TaPYL4, an ABA receptor gene of wheat, positively regulates plant drought adaptation through modulating the osmotic stress-associated processes
Authors: Zhang Yanyang , Zhao Yingjia , Li Tianjiao , Ni Chenyang , Han Le , Du Pingping , Xiao Kai
Published: September 2022

Background

Abscisic acid receptors (ABR) involve transduction of the ABA signaling in plants, impacting largely on stress-defensive physiological processes and plant osmotic stress response. In this study, we characterized TaPYL4, a gene of ABR family in T. aestivum, in mediating plant drought tolerance given scarcity of functional characterization on wheat ABR members thus far.

Results

TaPYL4 harbors nine conserved domains shared by its PYL counterparts, targeting onto plasma membrane and nucleus after endoplasmic reticulum assortment. TaPYL4 interacts with TaPP2C2 whereas the latter with TaSnRK2.1, which establish a core module of the ABA signaling pathway. TaPYL4 expression was upregulated in root and aerial tissues upon drought stress. Overexpressing TaPYL4 conferred plants improved growth traits whereas knockdown expression of target gene alleviated growth feature compared with wild type under drought treatment. The TaPYL4-enhanced drought adaptation associates gene function in positively regulating stomata movement, osmolyte biosynthesis, and root system architecture (RSA) establishment. Expression analysis on the P5CS family genes involving proline biosynthesis indicated that TaP5CS1 exerts critical roles in promoting osmolytes accumulation in drought-challenged TaPYL4 lines. TaPIN9, a PIN-FORMED gene modulating cellular auxin translocation, was validated to function as a crucial mediator in defining RSA establishment underlying TaPYL4 regulation. Transcriptome analysis revealed that TaPYL4 controls transcription of numerous genes, which impact on physiological processes associated with ‘biological process’, ‘molecular component’, and ‘cellular process’. Moreover, the differentially expressed genes mediated by TaPYL4 were closely related to stress defensive pathways.

Conclusions

Our investigation suggested that TaPYL4 acts as a positive regulator in plant drought tolerance and a valuable target for engineering drought-tolerant cultivars in T. aestivum.
Genome-wide analysis of serine carboxypeptidase-like protein (SCPL) family and functional validation of Gh_SCPL42 unchromosome conferring cotton Verticillium der Verticillium wilt stress in Gossypium hirsutum
Authors: Wang Yuxiang , Zhao Jieyin , Deng Xiaojuan , Wang Peng , Geng Shiwei , Gao Wenju , Guo Peipei , Chen Quanjia , Li Chunping , Qu Yanying
Published: September 2022

Background

Serine carboxypeptidase-like protein (SCPL) plays an important role in response to stress in plant. However, our knowledge of the function of the SCPL gene family is limited.

Results

In this study, a comprehensive and systematic analysis of SCPL gene family was conducted to explore the phylogeny and evolution of the SCPL gene in Gossypium hirsutum. The phenotype and molecular mechanism of silencing of the Gh_SCPL42 under Verticillium wilt stress was also studied. Our results showed that 96 SCPL genes were observed in genome of G. hirsutum, which distributed on 25 chromosomes and most of them were located in the nucleus. The phylogenetic tree analysis showed that members of SCPL gene family can be divided into three subgroups in G. hirsutum, which are relatively conservative in evolution. SCPL gene has a wide range of tissue expression types in G. hirsutum. Promoter analysis showed that the most cis-acting elements related to MeJA and ABA were contained. Through RNA-seq combined with genotyping, it was found that 11 GhSCPL genes not only had significant expression changes during Verticillium wilt stress but also had differential SNPs in the upstream, downstream, exonic or intronic regions. The expression of these 11 genes in the resistant (Zhongzhimian 2) and susceptible (Junmian 1) materials was further analyzed by qRT-PCR, it was found that 6 genes showed significant expression differences in the two materials. Among them, Gh_SCPL42 has the most obvious expression change. Furthermore, virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) showed necrosis and yellowing of leaves and significantly higher disease severity index (DSI) and disease severity rate (DSR) values in VIGS plants than in control silenced Gh_SCPL42 plants. Moreover, the expression levels of genes related to the SA and JA pathways were significantly downregulated. These results show that Gh_SCPL42 might improve resistance to Verticillium wilt through the SA and JA pathways in G. hirsutum.

Conclusion

In conclusion, our findings indicated that Gh_SCPL42 gene plays an important role in resistance to Verticillium wilt in cotton. It was provided an important theoretical basis for further research on the function of SCPL gene family and the molecular mechanism of resistance to Verticillium wilt in cotton.