bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GÜNEY MARMARA HAVZASI’NDA SWAT+ MODELİ İLE HİDROLOJİK MODELLEME
Authors: Kışlıoğlu Halil Emre , Bekaroğlu Şehnaz Şule , Dadaser-celik Filiz
Published: September 2024

Bu çalışmada, SWAT+ hidrolojik modelinin ve SWAT+ Toolbox yazılımının Güney Marmara Havzası'ndaki performansı araştırılmaktadır. Hidrolojik modeller, hidrolojik döngüyü ve ilgili süreçleri analiz etmek için karmaşık havza yapılarını basitleştiren, su havzalarında etkili yönetim için kullanılan önemli araçlardır. Hidrolojik modeller, su yönetiminden hidrolojik araştırmalara kadar geniş bir uygulama alanına sahiptir. Hidrolojik modellerin özellikle son yıllarda kuraklık, taşkın, iklim değişikliği ve arazi kullanım değişikliği gibi nehir akımları ve diğer hidrolojik parametreler üzerindeki etkileşimini inceleyen çalışmalarda sıklıkla kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada SWAT modelinin gelişmiş versiyonu olan SWAT+ ve SWAT+ Toolbox Türkiye özelinde uygulanmıştır; temel SWAT modeli Türkiye’de yaygın olarak kullanılsa da Swat+ modeli Türkiye'de henüz uygulanmamıştır. Bu araştırmanın temel amacı, SWAT+ ve SWAT+ Toolbox'ın Güney Marmara Havzası'ndaki performansını istatistiksel göstergeler kullanarak değerlendirmektir. Meteoroloji, toprak özellikleri, topoğrafya ve arazi kullanımı gibi havzadaki çeşitli faktörler hakkında ayrıntılı veri gerektiren SWAT+ hidrolojik modeli Güney Marmara havzasında başarıyla uygulanmıştır. SWAT+ modeli, SWAT modeline göre daha gelişmiş ve esnek olacak şekilde tasarlanmış olup, model dosyalarında herhangi bir ek değişiklik yapmadan kalibrasyon işleminin entegre bir şekilde yürütülmesine olanak sağlayan SWAT+ Toolbox'ın, model kurulumunda önemli avantajlar sağladığını görülmüştür. Araştırmada, modelin performansının hem kalibrasyon döneminde (NSE 0,596) hem de doğrulama döneminde (NSE 0,516) kabul edilebilir seviyenin üzerinde olduğunu, PBIAS değerlerine göre ise kalibrasyon döneminde modelin hafif yüksek tahmine (PBIAS %1,74) ve doğrulama döneminde düşük tahmine (PBIAS %-9,64) işaret ettiğini görülmektedir. Bu çalışma, Türkiye'de SWAT+ modelinin ve SWAT+ Toolbox'ın temel SWAT modeline benzer başarısını ortaya koyan ilk çalışmadır. SWAT+ modelinin sağladığı esneklik ve ek işlevler, Türkiye'deki hidrolojik modelleme çalışmalarına katkı sağlayacaktır. Bulgular, SWAT+ modelinin Türkiye'deki hidrolojik çalışmalarda başarıyla kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.
Health Perceptions and Practices of a Telewellness Fitness Program: Exploratory Case Study
Authors: Ahumada-Newhart Veronica , Wood Taffeta , Satake Noriko , Marcin James P
Published: September 2024

Background

During the COVID-19 pandemic, many people lacked access to group fitness opportunities due to elevated risk of infection, lockdown, and closure of exercise facilities. Additionally, many people experienced higher than average rates of mental health burden (eg, anxiety and stress). To help address these needs, an existing in-person community exercise class, taught by a faculty member from an academic medical center, transitioned to an online synchronous (OS) physical fitness class via the Zoom (Zoom Video Communications) videoconferencing platform. As such, the instructor advertised the OS fitness classes through an existing email list of community members and university faculty, staff, students, or alumni email listservs. This telewellness intervention sought to create a sense of community, build social support, and promote physical and mental wellness during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective

Our aim was to determine the perceived mental and physical health benefits of attending an OS fitness class for community members, including health care workers. We also assessed the use and functionality of related technologies necessary for delivering and attending the fitness classes.

Methods

An online survey questionnaire was created and tested to collect quantitative and qualitative data for an exploratory study. Data were collected to evaluate the fitness class, motivation, perceived health benefits, and related technologies. A convenience sample of people who had participated in the OS fitness classes was recruited for this study via an emailed recruitment flyer.

Results

A total of 51 participants accessed and completed the survey questionnaire. Survey participants consisted of 28 of 51 (55%) with a university affiliation, 17 of 51 (33%) with no university affiliation, and 6 of 51 (12%) who declined to state. The largest group of participants reporting full-time employment (18/51, 35%) also reported university affiliation with the academic medical center. In this group, 13 of 51 (25%) participants reported full-time employment, university affiliation, and doctoral degrees. High overall exercise class satisfaction was observed in the survey responses (mean 4.0, SD 1). Data analyses revealed significant perceived value of both mental and physical health benefits as motivating factors for participating in the OS fitness class. Challenges were identified as not being able to receive individual feedback from the instructor and the inability of some participants to see if they were in sync with the rest of the class.

Conclusions

Results provide preliminary support for the use of online videoconferencing fitness platforms to promote wellness and facilitate group exercise in the community during times of high infection risk. Future studies should continue to explore perceived benefits, mental and physical wellness, best practices, and the design of related technologies.
Internet Search Activity for Intentional Self-Harm Forums After a High-Profile News Publication: Interrupted Time Series Analysis
Authors: Kelsall Nora Clancy , Gimbrone Catherine , Olfson Mark , Gould Madelyn , Shaman Jeffrey , Keyes Katherine
Published: September 2024

Searches for “pro-suicide” websites in the United States peaked during the week a high-profile news story was published and remained elevated for 6 months afterward, highlighting the need to avoid mentioning specific sources of explicit suicide instructions in media publications.
Chemsex Session Typologies and Associated Sociodemographic Factors in Sexual Minority Men: Latent Class Analysis From a Cultural Perspective Using a Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Gonzalez-Recio Paule , Crossin Rose , Donat Marta , Palma David , Guede Caballero David , Moreno-Garcia Sara , Guerras Juan Miguel , Belza María José
Published: September 2024

Background

Chemsex prevalence is still not well known, and both the lack of homogeneity and cultural component of chemsex practices are usually overlooked.

Objective

This study aims to estimate the proportion of sexual minority men (SMM) engaging in chemsex sessions, while understanding the cultural dimension of chemsex, and to analyze distinct session typologies with potential risk differences and the sociodemographic factors associated with engaging in them.

Methods

A total of 5711 SMM residing throughout Spain participated in an anonymous web-based survey that assessed chemsex session engagement and characteristics, drug use, and sociodemographic variables. We measured the association of sociodemographic factors with engaging in chemsex sessions by calculating adjusted prevalence ratios, using multivariate Poisson regression analysis. Chemsex typologies were analyzed using latent class analysis, and sociodemographic factors were associated with the different risk classes.

Results

Our results determined that 21.1% (1205/5711; 95% CI 20.0%‐22.1%) of SMM engaged in chemsex sessions during their lifetime. Participating in sessions was significantly associated with being a migrant, not having a comfortable financial situation, openly living their sexuality, residing in bigger municipalities, older age, using steroids, and living with HIV (adjusted prevalence ratio: range 1.17-2.01; all P values <.05). Three typologies of sessions with different risks were identified with latent class analysis, with 23.2% of SMM engaging in sessions taking part in higher-risk ones, which was associated with younger age, using steroids, living in bigger municipalities, openly living their sexuality, and living with HIV, compared to SMM engaging in lower-risk sessions (odds ratio: range 2.75-4.99).

Conclusions

Chemsex is relatively common among SMM in Spain, but it is important to differentiate typologies of sessions with varying risks, and the proportion of SMM engaging in high-risk sessions is low. Chemsex is highly associated with sociodemographic factors. Chemsex should be prioritized in public health programs, which should consider the different forms of sessions with their varying risks and prevalence, while also considering the cultural dimension inherent to chemsex.
The New Age of Moving Together Online: Qualitative Study of a Live Online Exercise Program for Older Adults (Preprint)
Authors: Coletta Giulia , Noguchi Kenneth S , Beaudoin Kayla , McQuarrie Angelica , Tang Ada , Ganann Rebecca , Phillips Stuart M , Griffin Meridith
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Older adults face several barriers to exercise participation, including transportation, lack of access, and poor weather conditions. Such barriers may influence whether older adults meet the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines. Recently, older adults have adopted technology for healthcare and are increasingly using digital health technologies to improve their access to care. Therefore, technology may be a valuable tool to reduce barriers to exercise and increase exercise participation rates within this population.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to explore older adults’ perceptions and experiences of exercise, in general, and specifically related to our live online exercise program for community-dwelling older adults.

METHODS

Registered kinesiologists and physiotherapists delivered an 8-week, thrice-weekly live online group-based exercise program for older adults. The program focused on strength, balance, and aerobic activity. Following the program, a qualitative study with interpretive description design was conducted to explore participants’ perceptions and experiences. Participants were invited to take part in a 30-minute, one-on-one semi-structured interview via Zoom with a research team member. Interview data were thematically analyzed to identify common themes.

RESULTS

Twenty-two older adults (16 women, 6 men; 70±4 y) participated in interviews. Three themes were identified: 1) health, exercise, and aging beliefs; 2) the pandemic interruption and impacts; and 3) synchronous online exercise programs attenuate barriers to exercise. Participants discussed their exercise beliefs and behaviours and their desire to safely and correctly participate in exercise. Older adults found that their physical activity was curtailed, routines disrupted, and access to in-person exercise programs revoked due to the pandemic. However, many suggested that our synchronous online exercise program was motivational and attenuated commonly reported environmental barriers to participation, such as transportation concerns (e.g., time spent travelling, driving, and parking), accessibility and convenience by participating at a location of their choice, and removing travel-related concerns during poor weather conditions.

CONCLUSIONS

Given these reported experiences, we posit that synchronous online exercise programs may help motivate and maintain adherence to exercise programs for older adults. These findings may be leveraged to improve health outcomes in community-dwelling older adults.

CLINICALTRIAL

NCT04627493
Parents’ motivations for calling an out-of-hour-helpline: a qualitative study (Preprint)
Authors: Borch-Johnsen Liv , Folke Fredrik , Frederiksen Marianne Sjølin , Schrøder Morten , Greisen Gorm , Lund Stine , Zoffmann Vibeke , Gren Caroline , Tjørnhøj-Thomsen Tine , Cortes Dina
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Young children often experience with mild, and self-limiting symptoms that still lead to frequent acute healthcare utilization.

OBJECTIVE

To explore parental motivations for utilizing out-of-hours services when managing acute illness.

METHODS

Parents contacting the Medical Helpline 1813 (MH1813), Emergency Medical Services Capital Region, Denmark participated in semi-structured interviews to explore their health information-seeking behavior and their reasons for contacting MH1813. Interviews were audio-recorded, and transcribed, and we used thematic analysis with an inductive approach to analyze the data.

RESULTS

Thirty-nine interviews were conducted. Our analysis led to three major themes: 1) Caring for an ill child is stressful. Caring for a child represented a unique and unmatched source of concern distinct from other challenges in adult life as the child is the most important figure in a parent's life. 2) Validation of own assessment. Parents contacted MH1813 to share the responsibility of assessing their child, seeking reassurance rather than immediate medical intervention. Parents with a healthcare background expressed the same need as other parents to consult MH1813 to validate their assessment. 3) Feeling safe at home. The call reduced worry and made parents feel competent in caring for their sick child at home. When parents experienced being heard and not rushed, they felt empowered to handle their child at home.

CONCLUSIONS

Parents’ motivations for contacting MH1813 appeared to be rooted in a need for an individualized assessment from a medical professional to feel safe in caring for a sick child at home., rather than a wish for referral to the hospital for physical evaluation.
“You’re not alone in this at all”: Descriptive and content analysis of breast cancer vlogs on YouTube (Preprint)
Authors: Morena Nina , Htite Elly , Ahisar Yitzchok , Hayman Victoria , Rentschler Carrie A. , Meguerditchian Ari N.
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Vlogs, or “video blogs,” are personally created experiential videos based on wide-ranging topics, usually posted to YouTube. Many women with breast cancer (BC) document their cancer experiences in YouTube vlogs. These may have the potential to serve as peer-to-peer support and provide community.

OBJECTIVE

This study provides a descriptive and content analysis of vlogs by women with BC.

METHODS

YouTube was searched in incognito mode in 11/2023 using the search terms “breast cancer vlog.” A maximum of 10 videos/creator were included based on viewership and date created. Video characteristics collected included: title, length, number of views, likes, comments, and playlist inclusion. Videos were assessed for sponsorship, presence of explanation and discussion on BC, type of content, and themes. Creator characteristics included age, location, and engagement approaches. Descriptive and content analysis were performed to assess and analyze video content and potential areas where peer-to-peer support may be provided.

RESULTS

90 vlogs by 13 creators were included, all originating from personal accounts. Mean video length, number of views, and number of comments were 21.4 minutes (SD 9.1), 266,780 (SD 534,465), and 1485 (SD 3422), respectively. 38.9% included hashtags. 12.2% included paid sponsorships. Most common filming location was at home (96.7%), followed by the hospital (31.1%), or in the car (21.1%). Home vlogs were most often set in the living room (44.3%), bedroom (33.0%), or kitchen (20.6%). 56.7% included visuals of treatment as well as physical findings. Creators addressed motivation for vlogging in 48.9%; the two most common reasons were wanting to build a community and helping others in a similar situation. In 46.7%, creators explicitly expressed emotion. Most common themes were treatment (85.6%), mental health (81.1%), side effects (72.2%), appearance (63.3%), and family relationships (36.7%). Subthemes included young age, finances, and the importance of online community support. Patient-directed advice was offered in 60.0%, mostly on treatment-related issues. In 56.7%, creators provided explicit treatment definitions. Chemotherapy was discussed in 70.0%; surgery in 57.8%, primarily mastectomy; radiation in 30.0%; general side effects in 71.1%. 24.4% were about a new diagnosis. When mentioned (44.4%), most common creator location was the USA. When mentioned (30.0%), most common age demographic was 20-29 years old.

CONCLUSIONS

Vlogs by women with BC receive significant levels of engagement. The dedication to building community demonstrated by vlog creators, and the personal nature of their storytelling, advice, and suggestions, may make these vlogs a potential resource for peer-to-peer support.
(GO-CONVERSE) A mixed methods pilot study of a Goals of Care clarification and conversation priming tool on an in-patient general internal medicine ward (Preprint)
Authors: Kimura Maren , Ruller Sydney , Forster Alan , Downar James , Isenberg Sarina R , Steinberg Leah , Wilson Kumanan , Shaffer Victoria A , Wegier Pete , Myers Jeff , Goldman Russell , Steele Gray Carolyn , Kobewka Daniel
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

For seriously ill patients, conversations about prognosis, values, and goals can improve person-centered care but these conversations do not happen consistently.

OBJECTIVE

We developed an online, interactive goals of care discussion priming tool called MyCare to facilitate conversations about patient goals between doctors, patients, and family members. Our objective was to determine the feasibility, acceptability, and usability of MyCare for seriously ill patients in hospital.

METHODS

We conducted a mixed methods study on internal medicine wards with seriously ill patients at two hospitals. Participants completed MyCare with a research assistant in their hospital room and responses were sent to their attending physician team. Patients, family members, and physicians participated in semi-structured interviews to assess advance care planning engagement, usability, and acceptability. Patients completed the system usability scale (SUS).

RESULTS

MyCare had moderate usability (SUS 64.7/100). The most useful elements for patients were: 1) clarifying goals and wishes for care, 2) identifying people who support them, and 3) having something to help facilitate conversations with their families. The most useful elements for physicians were seeing patients’ prioritized values and goals. Acceptability and usability could be improved by reducing the length of the tool and removing questions patients felt redundant, or instead increasing free-text spaces for patients to communicate their thoughts more clearly.

CONCLUSIONS

MyCare and similar tools will be more usable and acceptable if they are short, simple, focus on shared doctor-patient priorities, and empower patients to advocate for their own goals.
Predicting the Risk of Asthma Development in Youth Using Machine Learning Models (Preprint)
Authors: Xie Matthew , Xu Chenliang
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by wheezing and difficulty breathing, which disproportionally affects 4.7 million children in the U.S. Currently, there is a lack of asthma predictive models for youth with good performance.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to build machine learning models to better predict asthma development in youth using easily accessible national survey data.

METHODS

We analyzed cross-sectional combined 2021 and 2022 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data from 9,716 youth subjects with their corresponding parent information. We built several machine learning models with various sampling techniques (under- or over-sampling) for asthma prediction in youth, including XGBoost, Neural Networks, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Logistic Regression. We examined the associations of potential risk factors identified from both Random Forest and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) with asthma in youth.

RESULTS

Between the different sampling techniques, undersampling the major class (subjects without asthma) yielded the best results in terms of the area under the curve (AUC) and F1 scores for the different predictive models. The Logistic Regression performed the best with the under-sampled data, yielding an AUC score of 0.7654 and an F1 score of 0.3452. In addition, we have identified additional important factors associated with asthma development in youth, such as low family poverty ratio and parents ever had asthma.

CONCLUSIONS

This study successfully built machine learning models to predict asthma development in youth with good model performance. This will be important for early screening and detection of asthma in youth.
Kesiapsiagaan Bencana pada Mahasiswa di Organisasi Kemahasiswaan melalui Pelatihan Pertolongan Pertama Psikologis (Psychological First Aid)
Authors: Zuanny Iyulen Pebry , Nova Vera , Karjuniwati Karjuniwati , Naila Rahil
Published: September 2024

Aceh merupakan salah satu provinsi di Indonesia yang rawan terhadap bencana. Menghadapi kondisi tersebut, perlu adanya kesiapsiagaan terhadap bencana khususnya organisasi kemahasiswaan (Ormawa) yang merupakan agen perubahan. Meningkatkan kesiapsiagaan terhadap bencana, diperlukan pengetahuan dalam memberikan pertolongan secara psikologis saat dan setelah terjadinya bencana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh pengetahuan Psychological First Aid (PFA) terhadap kesiapsiagaan bencana pada mahasiswa yang tergabung dalam Organisasi Kemahasiswaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan campuran (mix-methode) yaitu menggabungkan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi sebagai metode utama dan analisis deskriptif kualitatif sebagai metode penunjang. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah 37 Ormawa yang tersebar di beberapa Fakultas di Universitas X. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh pengetahuan Psychological First Aid (PFA) terhadap kesiapsiagaan bencana pada mahasiswa yang tergabung di Organisasi Kemahasiswaan dengan nilai β=0.864, ρ=0,000 (ρ<0,05). Implikasi penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan PFA dapat meningkatkan kesiapsiagaan bencana pada mahasiswa di organisasi kemahasiswaan.
Pengaruh Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) Terhadap Afiliasi Diri pada Mahasiswa
Authors: Rahmatulloh Ainurizan Ridho
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) terhadap afiliasi diri pada mahasiswa. Partisipan 7 orang dengan afiliasi diri rendah-sedang (N=7). Metode yang digunakan kuasi eksperimen dengan desain between subjects with control group. Pengambilan data penelitian menggunakan skala afiliasi diri. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, Mann Whitney, Visual Inspection pada tes pengetahuan. Hasil analisis Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test menunjukkan nilai Z sebesar -.943 dengan p = 0.345 (p>0.050). Hasil analisis menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan signifikan afiliasi diri antara kelompok eksperimen berdasarkan hasil skala afiliasi diri. Namun, hasil visual inspection pada skala tes prestasi menunjukkan kelompok eksperimen mengalami peningkatan skor pemahaman tentang afiliasi diri Penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa peningkatan pengetahuan pada intervensi tidak selalu berjalan beriringan dengan peningkatan variabel psikologis yang menjadi target intervensi seperti afiliasi diri.
Импульсные оптическое и рентгеновское излучения фракталов: обзор гипотез. Часть 1. Микропробой на убегающих электронах
Authors: Мальцев П.П.
Published: September 2024

В статье приведены результаты изучения
пробоя фракталов из наноразмерных
капель алюминия на полимерных нитях
из углеродных бензольных колец при
резкой подаче напряжения (разряде)
величиной 1,6 кВ см−1, которая аналогична
по величине электрическому полю
2,16 кВ см−1, необходимой для возникновения
микропробоя на убегающих электронах при
высотных грозовых разрядах. Для обычного
пробоя на воздухе требуется напряжение
10–30 кВ на сантиметр. Приведены
фотографии форм излучений в оптической
области спектра для двух типов пробоя
и обсуждена возможность обращения
эффекта Доплера и излучения Черенкова-Вавилова
на метаматериалах из фракталов.
Reconsideraciones biográficas y aclaraciones al corpus del compositor y violonchelista mexicano Rubén Montiel
Authors: Santillán Varela Luis Antonio
Published: September 2024

La figura del compositor y violonchelista mexicano Rubén Montiel había sido muy poco documentada e investigada hasta hoy; por lo tanto, hemos encontrado referencias incompletas e inconsistentes de dicho compositor en las entradas léxicas de diccionarios especializados, así como en trabajos previos a esta investigación. En este artículo se mostrarán de manera rectificada, los datos biográficos de Montiel; del mismo modo, los correspondientes a su producción musical.  Los resultados de este estudio se derivan de una investigación documental y de campo, basada en fuentes primarias y secundarias bajo un enfoque cualitativo; lo que implicó la reconstrucción de determinados hechos históricos a través de la comparación de documentos localizados, organizados e intervenidos musicológicamente. Entre las fuentes primarias que se consideraron para esta investigación, pueden mencionarse fotografías, programas de mano, recortes de prensa, testimonios verbales de familiares, retratos hechos al autor, partituras, borradores, cartas autógrafas y también los apuntes autobiográficos del compositor como una herramienta de inicio. Se verificaron, confirmaron y corrigieron algunos sucesos y datos narrados en otras fuentes, logrando con esto conformar el documento más completo y fidedigno hasta hoy escrito sobre la figura de Rubén Montiel.
Islamic Study with A Political Approach
Authors: Waluyo Kano
Published: September 2024

Understanding Islam by using various approaches or perspectives of a scientific discipline is very possible, in fact it must be done because Islam, with its main source of teachings contained in the Qur'an and as Sunnah, does not only talk about matters of faith, worship, morals and the afterlife. , but talking about science, technology, history, social, education, politics, economy, culture, art and so on. Islam places politics as a way of looking after the affairs of the people (ri'ayah syu-un al-ummah). Islam and politics cannot be separated, because Islam without politics will give birth to shackled Muslims who do not have the freedom and independence to implement Islamic law. By using a political approach in Islamic Studies, we can understand that Islam is not only a monolithic doctrine, but also a doctrine that can influence the policies of the rulers to gain the benefit of the people. Several political approaches in Islamic studies include: the De-confessionalization Approach, the Domestication of Islam approach, the schismatic flow approach, the Trichotomy Approach, and the Cultural Islam Approach.
人工智慧助力抑鬱症治療：道家視角
Authors: 何 禹平
Published: September 2024

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.
近些年，全球抑鬱症患者顯著增加，傳統線下心理治療面臨可及性、便利性和社會污名化等挑戰，已成為全球公共術生領域的關注焦點。在此背景下，人工智慧(AI)聊天機器人的快速發展為其提供了新的解決方案，但AI聊天機器人仍面臨患者隱私信息保護、算法偏見、人機過度依賴及責任歸屬等倫理問題。因此，本文借用道家哲學思想對AI醫學倫理進行反思，並引用心理健康、人工智慧和機器學習等多領域知識。通過探討AI聊天機器人治療抑鬱症可能出現的人機過度依賴和責任歸屬的倫理問題，以期AI技術發展的同時，亦能維護人的自由與本真狀態，實現技術創新與人文闋懷的和諧統一。
The current rapid increase in the number of people suffering from depression globally has presented traditional offline psychotherapies with various challenges, such as regarding accessibility, convenience of treatment, and social stigma, which have become focal areas in the global public health domain. In this context, the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots has provided new solutions. However, AI chatbots still face ethical issues regarding patient privacy information protection, algorithmic bias, human–machine overdependence, and responsibility attribution. Therefore, this paper draws on the philosophical ideas of Daoism to reflect on the ethics of AI medicine and references the knowledge of multiple fields such as mental health, AI, and machine learning. We explore the ethical issues of human–machine overdependence and responsibility attribution that may arise in the use of AI chatbots to treat depression. The goal should be to ensure that human freedom and authenticity are protected alongside the development of AI technology, thus achieving harmony between technological innovation and humanistic care.
Emergency and prophylactic uterine artery embolization in gynecology and obstetrics - a retrospective analysis
Authors: Vihtelic Polona , Skuk Eva , Suster Natasa Kenda , Stefanovska Marina Jakimovska , Popovic Peter
Published: September 2024

Background

This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of emergency and prophylactic uterine artery embolization (UAE) in our clinical practice, including technical success, clinical success, and associated complications.

Patients and methods

In this retrospective study, we analyzed 64 women who underwent emergency (n =18) and prophylactic (n = 46) UAE. Indications for emergency UAE included postpartum hemorrhage or severe hemorrhage during pregnancy termination, while prophylactic UAE was performed prior to surgical removal of retained products of conception (RPOC), delivery with abnormal placental implantation, or pregnancy termination (cervical pregnancy or fetal anomalies accompanied by abnormal placental implantation). Technical success of UAE was defined as complete exclusion of the vascular lesion and contrast stasis on the final angiogram, while clinical success was defined as cessation of bleeding after UAE Termination without a hysterectomy.

Results

The overall clinical success of UAE in our study was 97% (62/64). All embolization procedures were technically and clinically successful in the prophylactic group without life-threatening hemorrhages or hysterectomies (100% success rate, 46/46). However, while 100% technical success was similarly attained in the emergency group, bleeding was successfully controlled in 89% of cases (16/18). In two patients with significant blood loss (over 2000 mL), embolization failed to achieve hemostasis, resulting in persistent bleeding and subsequent hysterectomy.

Conclusions

UAE is a safe and effective procedure for managing primary postpartum hemorrhage or severe hemorrhage during pregnancy termination and for decreasing the risk of severe hemorrhage during surgical removal of RPOC, delivery with abnormal placental implantation, or pregnancy
Laser speckle contrast imaging of perfusion in oncological clinical applications: a literature review
Authors: Hren Rok , Brezar Simona Kranjc , Marhl Urban , Sersa Gregor
Published: September 2024

Background

Laser speckle coherence imaging (LSCI) is an emerging imaging modality that enables noninvasive visualization and assessment of tissue perfusion and microcirculation. In this article, we evaluated LSCI in imaging perfusion in clinical oncology through a systematic review of the literature.

Methods

The inclusion criterion for the literature search in PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus electronic databases was the use of LSCI in clinical oncology, meaning that all animal, phantom, ex vivo, experimental, research and development, and purely methodological studies were excluded.

Results

Thirty-six articles met the inclusion criteria. The anatomic locations of the neoplasms in the selected articles were brain (5 articles), breasts (2 articles), endocrine glands (4 articles), skin (12 articles), and the gastrointestinal tract (13 articles).

Conclusions

While LSCI is emerging as an appealing imaging modality, it is crucial for more clinical sites to initiate clinical trials. A lack of standardized protocols and interpretation guidelines are posing the most significant challenge.
Role of quantitative imaging biomarkers in an early FDG-PET/CT for detection of immune-related adverse events in melanoma patients: a prospective study
Authors: Hribernik Nezka , Strasek Katja , Huff Daniel T , Studen Andrej , Zevnik Katarina , Skalic Katja , Jeraj Robert , Rebersek Martina
Published: September 2024

Background

To evaluate the role of the novel quantitative imaging biomarker (QIB) SUVX% of 18F-FDG uptake extracted from early 18F-FDG-PET/CT scan at 4 weeks for the detection of immune-related adverse events (rAE) in a cohort of patients with metastatic melanoma (mM) patients receiving immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI).

Patients and methods

In this prospective non-interventional, one-centre clinical study, patients with mM, receiving ICI treatment, were regularly followed by 18F-FDG PET/CT. Patients were scanned at baseline, early point at week four (W4), week sixteen (W16) and week thirty-two (W32) after ICI initiation. A convolutional neural network (CNN) was used to segment three organs: lung, bowel, thyroid. QIB of irAE - SUVX% - was analyzed within the target organs and correlated with the clinical irAE status. Area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was used to quantify irAE detection performance.

Results

A total of 242 18F-FDG PET/CT images of 71 mM patients were prospectively collected and analysed. The early W4 scan showed improved detection only for the thyroid gland compared to W32 scan (p=0.047). The AUROC for detection of irAE in the three target organs was highest when SUVX% was extracted from W16 scan and was 0.76 for lung, 0.53 for bowel and 0.81 for thyroid. SUVX% extracted from W4 scan did not improve detection of irAE compared to W16 scan (lung: p = 0.54, bowel: p = 0.75, thyroid: p = 0.3, DeLong test), as well as compared to W32 scan in lungs (p = 0.32) and bowel (p = 0.3).

Conclusions

Early time point 18F-FDG PET/CT at W4 did not lead to statistically significant earlier detection of irAE. However, organ 18F-FDG uptake as quantified by SUVX% proved to be a consistent QIB of irAE. To better assess the role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in irAE detection, the time evolution of 18F-FDG PET/CT quantifiable inflammation would be of essence, only achievable in multi centric studies.
Subdiaphragmatic activity-related artifacts in myocardial perfusion scintigraphy
Authors: Strok Anja , Salobir Barbara Guzic , Stalc Monika , Zaletel Katja
Published: September 2024

Background

Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) with single photon emission computed tomography is an established non-invasive technique for assessing myocardial ischemia. This method involves the intravenous administration of a radiopharmaceutical that accumulates in the heart muscle proportional to regional blood flow. However, image quality and diagnostic accuracy can be compromised by various technical and patient-related factors, including high non-specific radiopharmaceutical uptake in abdominal organs such as the stomach, intestines, liver, and gall-bladder, leading to subdiaphragmatic artifacts. These artifacts are particularly problematic for evaluating inferior wall perfusion and often necessitate repeated imaging, which decreases gamma camera availability and prolongs imaging times.

Conclusions

Despite numerous investigated techniques to reduce interfering gastrointestinal activity, results have been inconsistent, and current MPI guidelines provide scant information on effective procedures to mitigate this issue. Based on our experience, some possible approaches to reducing artifacts include choosing stress testing with an exercise stress test, when possible, late imaging, fluid intake, and consuming carbonated water immediately before imaging.
REAKSI PASAR TERHADAP SAHAM IDX30 DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PADA SAAT PANDEMI COVID-19 MASUK DI INDONESIA
Authors: Shaan Exodus , Dana I Made
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis reaksi pasar terhadap peristiwa wabah penyakit menular terbaru yang penyebaran Covid-19 difokuskan pada abnormal return dan trading volume activity sebelum dan setelah pengumuman kasus pertama Covid-19 di Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada perusahaan dalam Indeks IDX30. Populasi penelitian ini adalah 30 perusahaan emiten yang terdaftar di Indeks IDX30. Sampel penelitian ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampling sehingga diperoleh sampel sebanyak 27 perusahaan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan cara menghitung abnormal return dan trading volume activity melalui Uji Paired Sample t-test Paired, dan Uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan abnormal return pada Indeks IDX30 sebelum dan sesudah peristiwa pengumuman masuknya pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia pada Bursa Efek Indonesia. Sementara pada trading valume activity terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada Indeks IDX30 sebelum dan sesudah peristiwa pengumuman masuknya kasus pertama pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia pada Bursa Efek Indonesia. Adanya kecenderungan reaksi atau abnormal return negatif di sekitar pengumuman Covid-19, dapat dijadikan preference dalam pemilihan sahamnya, yaitu dengan membeli saham dengan memanfaatkan adanya penurunan harga saham, hingga mencapai titik optimal untuk dibeli, dan melepas saham-saham yang diprediksikan akan memberikan loss dalam jangka panjang.
PERAN BRAND AWARENESS MEMEDIASI PENGARUH SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING TERHADAP PURCHASE INTENTION PRODUK TWISSTERDOG DI DENPASAR
Authors: Arashidani Ananda Matalia , Ekawati Ni Wayan
Published: September 2024

Restoran fast food semakin populer di Indonesia seiring perkembangan zaman. Pemasaran melalui media sosial menjadi strategi penting bagi pelaku bisnis karena kemajuan teknologi. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui peran dari brand awareness sebagai mediator antara social media marketing dan purchase intention pada Twissterdog di Kota Denpasar. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 130 responden yang belum pernah membeli produk Twissterdog, dipilih dengan metode purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan dianalisis menggunakan teknik path analysis, uji sobel, dan uji VAF. Dalam penelitian ini, ditemukan antara social media marketing & brand awareness mempunyai pengaruh yang positif & signifikan terhadap purchase intention. Selain itu, social media marketing juga memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap brand awareness. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa brand awareness berfungsi sebagai mediator antara social media marketing dan purchase intention pada produk Twissterdog di Denpasar. Penelitian ini memberikan implikasi bagi manajemen Twissterdog untuk memperbarui informasi di media sosial dan meningkatkan kekuatan merek Twissterdog.
PERAN KESADARAN MEREK MEMEDIASI PENGARUH DAYA TARIK PROMOSI MEDIA SOSIAL TERHADAP NIAT BELI
Authors: Prashanta Cornelia Elsa , Rahyuda I Ketut Ketut
Published: September 2024

Niat beli konsumen adalah hasrat dan kecenderungan konsumen untuk membeli produk yang diiklankan karena ada kemungkinan konsumen membeli produk tersebut di masa yang akan datang. Niat beli seringkali digunakan untuk menganalisa perilaku konsumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran kesadaran merek memediasi pengaruh daya tarik promosi media sosial terhadap niat beli pada produk fashion merek Georgios Women di Kota Denpasar. Ukuran sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 120 orang melalui metode purposive sampling.  Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis jalur dan uji sobel. Penelitian menunjukkan hasil yaitu daya tarik promosi media sosial berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kesadaran merek, daya tarik promosi media sosial berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap niat beli, kesadaran merek berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap niat beli. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengaruh yang positif antara variabel daya tarik promosi media sosial terhadap niat beli melalui variabel kesadaran merek
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DAN TINGKAT PENGANGGURAN TERBUKA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Puspita Dewi Kadek Desy , Setiawina Nyoman Djinar
Published: September 2024

Indonesia adalah salah satu Negara berkembang yang aktif dalam pembangunan ekonomi guna meningkatkan kemajuan negaranya. Berbagai strategi pembangunan ekonomi dilakukan oleh pemerintah untuk berorientasi pada peningkatan pertumbuhan ekonomi dan pemerataan ekonomi yang berkeadilan, namun dalam realitanya masih terdapat diskrepansi antara harapan dan kenyataan di lapangan. Penelitian ini bertujan untuk menganalisis pengaruh investasi, keterbukaan ekonomi dan kualitas sumberdaya manusia terhadap pengangguran terbuka, pertumbuhan ekonomi dan pengangguran terbuka melalui pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia. Lokasi penelitian yang meneliti tingkat pengangguran terbuka ini adalah di Indonesia. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dengan pendekatan kuantitatif yang berbentuk asosiatif. Teknik analisis yang digunakan yaitu path analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa investasi, keterbukaan ekonomi dan kualitas SDM secara langsung berpengaruh negatif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia. Kualitas SDM secara langsung berpengaruh positive signifikan terhadap tingkat pengangguran terbuka di Indonesia. Pertumbuhan ekonomi tidak mampu memediasi pengaruh investasi, keterbukaan ekonomi dan kualitas SDM terhadap tingkat pengangguran terbuka di Indonesia.
PENGARUH PERSEPSI KEMUDAHAN PENGGUNAAN, KUALITAS LAYANAN, DAN RISIKO KEAMANAN INFORMASI TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN DOMPET DIGITAL
Authors: Pramesti I Gusti Ayu Intan Satwika , Agung Kresnandra Anak Agung Ngurah
Published: September 2024

Penggunaan dompet digital hingga saat ini dapat dikatakan masih belum merata dan juga belum semua UMKM dapat menerima pembayaran dengan menggunakan dompet digital ini. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh persepsi kemudahan penggunaan, kualitas layanan, dan risiko keamanan informasi terhadap penggunaan dompet digital. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode non-probability sampling yaitu purposive sampling. Data penelitian dikumpulkan  dengan kuesioner secara daring melalui google form dan menghasilkan sebanyak 125 responden pengguna dompet digital di  Kota Denpasar. Uji analisis regresi linear berganda digunakan sebagai teknik analisis dalam penelitian ini. Berdasarkan hasil analisis mengungkapkan bahwa risiko keamanan informasi berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap penggunaan dompet digital, sedangkan persepsi kemudahan penggunaaan dan kualitas layanan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap penggunaan dompet digital. Penelitian ini memberikan implikasi teoritis berupa dukungan terhadap Theory of Planned Behavior dan Technology Acceptance Model serta memberikan implikasi praktis yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pertimbangan kepada penyedia jasa dompet digital.
KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL MEMODERASI PENGARUH INDEPENDENSI, PENGALAMAN, DAN DUE PROFESSIONAL CARE PADA KUALITAS AUDIT
Authors: Pratami Ni Putu Ardyanti , Budiartha I Ketut
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh bukti empiris kecerdasan emosional memoderasi pengaruh independensi auditor, pengalaman auditor, dan due professional care pada kualitas audit. Metode pengumpulan data yaitu dengan menyebarkan kuesioner di BPK Provinsi Bali. Metode penentuan sampel yaitu non probability sampling dengan teknik sampling jenuh, sehingga diperoleh sampel sebanyak 68 auditor. Teknik analisis yang digunakan yaitu Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa independensi, pengalaman, dan due professional care berpengaruh positif pada kualitas audit. Kecerdasan emosional memperkuat pengaruh independensi, pengalaman, dan due professional care pada kualitas audit. Kecerdasan emosional yang semakin tinggi dapat memperkuat pengaruh independensi, pengalaman, dan due professional care pada kualitas audit, sehingga kualitas audit yang dihasilkan oleh auditor akan semakin baik.
PENGARUH PERCEIVED DESIRABILITY DAN PERCEIVED FEASIBILITY TERHADAP MINAT BERWIRAUSAHA GENERASI Z
Authors: Aghivirwiati Gusti Ayu , Triana Arisanti Ni Komang , Rindi Antika Ni Kadek
Published: September 2024

Tren kewirausahaan telah menjadi perhatian utama dalam beberapa dekade terakhir, terutama karena perannya dalam mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi, menciptakan lapangan kerja, dan memberikan dampak positif pada masyarakat dan lingkungan. Penelitian intensi berwirausaha mencakup teori yang berfokus pada prediksi perilaku berwirausaha, seperti Theory of Entrepreneurial Event dan Theory of Planned Behavior. Sebagai contoh, perceived desirability dan perceived feasibility adalah faktor yang memengaruhi intensi berwirausaha. Penelitian dilakukan di Petang, Kabupaten Badung. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan yakni 210 responden. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian yakni SEM PLS. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Perceived desirability dan Perceived feasibility berpengaruh terhadap minat berwirausaha generasi Z di kecamatan Petang pada era digital.
THE EFFECT OF CUSTOMER KNOWLEDGE AND PRODUCT UNIQUENESS ON PURCHASE INTENTION OF FASHION NFT
Authors: Saputra I Gusti Putu Aditya , Salehudin Imam
Published: September 2024

Non Fungible Token (NFT) yang merupakan salah satu aset digital, kini mulai banyak digunakan oleh brand dalam strategi pemasaran mereka untuk lebih dekat dengan konsumen generasi muda. Teknologi baru ini dapat menjembatani antara dunia digital dengan produk fisik dan membentuk komunitas bagi brand. Popularitas dari NFT sendiri meningkat dalam beberapa tahun terakhir karena trend cryptocurrency dan pembelian NFT oleh celebrity. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis hubungan customer knowledge dan product uniqueness terhadap purchase intention pada produk fashion NFT. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 307 responden di Indonesia yang mengetahui mengenai fashion NFT dan brand yang memiliki produk tersebut. Hipotesis penelitian diuji dengan menggunakan metode Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan hubungan positif dan signifikan antara customer knowledge dan product uniqueness dengan purchase intention. Selain itu, product uniqueness ditemukan dapat memediasi hubungan antara customer knowledge dengan  purchase intention. Hasil dari penemuan pada penelitian ini memiliki implikasi untuk mengembangkan NFT dan brand lebih efektif, baik secara teori maupun praktik ke depannya.
GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DAN SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS PRACTICE PERUSAHAAN PUBLIK DI INDONESIA
Authors: Dewi Luh Gede Krisna , Penindra I Made Dwi Budiana , Setiawan Putu Ery
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh mekanisme good corporate governance terhadap environmental investment. Good corporate governance diproksikan dengan ukuran dewan komisaris, komisaris independen, kepemilikan institusional, dan komite audit. Environmental investment diproksikan dengan peringkat PROPER yang menggambarkan komitmen perusahaan terhadap keberlanjutan. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel perusahaan sektor non-keuangan di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama periode tahun 2015 sampai dengan 2021. Jumlah amatan dalam penelitian ini adalah 220 firm years. Data yang digunakan bersumber dari annual report dan laporan keberlanjutan, dan selanjutnya dianalisis dengan teknik regresi data panel dan diolah menggunakan alat bantu Eviews 12. Penelitian berhasil membuktikan bahwa struktur kepemilikan institusional memengaruhi tingkat environmental invetsment perusahaan sebagai bentuk praktik bisnis berkelanjutan. Penelitian tidak menemukan pengaruh antara ukuran dewan komisaris, keberadaan komisaris independen, kepemilikan manajerial dan komite audit sebagai komponen corporate governance yang memengaruhi tingkat environmental invetsment perusahaan. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa faktor tekanan stakeholder institusi memengaruhi praktik bisnis berkelanjutan dan mendukung stakeholder theory. Secara praktis temuan penelitian ini berimplikasi dalam penyusunan regulasi yang lebih baik karena faktor tekanan stakeholder institusi berdampak positif terhadap praktik bisnis berkelanjutan.
PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, LEVERAGE, DAN PERSISTENSI LABA PADA EARNING RESPONSE COEFFICIENT
Authors: Sudarmayasa Made Ariadi , Ratna Sari Maria Mediatrix
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini berfokus untuk mengetahui dampak profitabilitas, leverage dan persistensi laba pada Earning Response Coefficient (ERC). Penelitian dilakukan pada perusahaan sektor consumer non-cyclicals di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2018-2021. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh perusahaan consumer non-cyclicals yang terdaftar di BEI pada tahun 2018-2021. Data dikumpulkan melalui metode observasi non-partisipan. Metode non-probability sampling dengan teknik purposive sampling digunakan untuk mengumpulkan sampel, yang terdiri dari 39 perusahaan dan 156 sampel observasi. Uji analisis regresi linear berganda digunakan untuk melakukan analisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa profitabilitas mempengaruhi ERC secara negatif, sementara leverage dan persistensi laba tidak mempengaruhi ERC.