bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genes of Inflammation and Placental Function GWAS Associated with Idiopathic Recurrent Miscarriage in the Kazakh Population
Authors: Murtazaliyeva Alexandra , Svyatova Gulnara , Berezina Galina , Urazbayeva Gulfairuz , Sadyrbekova Aigerim
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

The loss of two or more pregnancies is considered recurrent miscarriage (RM). One of the causes of this pathology is the occurrence of mutations both in pleiotropic and pathway-specific regulators and in structural genes. The simplest type of such mutations is single nucleotide polymorphisms.

Aims:

The aim of the study is to study the relationship between gene polymorphisms of anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokines – interferon-gamma (T874A), interleukin (IL1B) (C3954T), IL6 (G572C) and IL10 (G1082A); placental function, apoptosis and angiogenesis – apolipoprotein C-III (APOC3) (G5163C), kinase insert domain receptor (A1719T, G1192A), P53 (Arg72Pro) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) (C1697G) with the development of idiopathic RM (iRM) in the Kazakh population.

Settings and Design:

This was a case–control study.

Materials and Methods:

Molecular genetic studies were performed by TaqMan using a single site-specific amplification and real-time genotyping method in 302 women with iRM and 300 with normal reproduction. DNA isolation from the biomaterial was carried out using kits containing binding magnetic particles. Both samples were analysed for alleles and genotypes for the studied polymorphisms.

Statistical Analysis Used:

For statistical data processing, Pearson’s criterion, confidence interval (CI) and probability value were taken into account.

Results:

It was found that the carriage of unfavourable genotypes (G/C, C/C) for the G5163C polymorphism of the APOC3 gene increases the risk of developing iRM by three times (odds ratio = 3.0; 95% CI = 2.24–4.07). Other studied polymorphisms in the genes of ILs, interferon, P53 proapoptotic protein, kinase domain receptor and STAT3 transcription activator were not associated with RM.

Conclusion:

Significant associations of APOC3 gene genotypes with the development of iRM in the Kazakh population indicate the involvement of the placental system, which is realised by vascularisation defects and defective embryo implantation and leads to early pregnancy termination.
Pseudoxanthomatous Salpingitis: A Rare Granulomatous Pathology of the Fallopian Tube
Authors: Rao Asha R. , Rao Damodar R. , Wangnaolim Yingngam , Giridharan Padmashri
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Uncommon presentations of granulomatous salpingitis are pseudoxanthoma salpingitis (PSX) and xanthogranulomatous salpingitis (XGS). The clinical features and image modalities can mimic ovarian malignancy. Thus, a proper pre-operative evaluation of this entity is vital to avoid radical treatment. Here, we report a case of a 31-year-old woman with primary infertility diagnosed with pseudoxanthoma salpinx. This patient was a known case of endometriosis and presented with gross ascites.
Digital Content on YouTube Channels: Boon or Bane to Anatomy Teaching and Learning
Authors: Bathla Shilpa
Published: March 2024

A clinically integrated anatomy curriculum based on problem-based and self-directed learning is indispensable in the contemporary times of technology-enabled interdisciplinary medical education. Hence, the adoption of newer teaching–learning resources by the anatomy faculty is need of the hour to visually engage and motivate the tech-savvy generation of “Digital students.” The easy availability, use, and retrieval of resources make the digital anatomy content on YouTube channels highly popular among the students. This article is a critical appraisal of currently available digital content on YouTube channels concerning the different sub-specialties of anatomy from a faculty member’s perspective. The article explores the usefulness of these digital resources with elaborate discussions on their merits, demerits, ethical concerns, role of faculty in their effective utilization, and the various challenges (with potential solutions) associated with integration into mainstream anatomy curricula as teaching–learning aids.
Learning Huddles: A Tool to Strengthen the Delivery of Medical Education
Authors: Shrivastava Saurabh RamBihariLal , Bobhate Prateek Sudhakar , Joshi Abhishek
Published: March 2024

Learning huddles in medical education is a type of small group teaching–learning method to ensure the involvement of students in meaningful discussions and the acquisition of critical thinking skills. Unlike conventional teaching methods, which cater to a large group of students, who are more often than not passive in the learning process, learning huddles are being employed in small groups and there is an active engagement of the medical students. Active engagement means medical students actively involve themselves in class discussions, knowledge-sharing, and problem-solving activities related to real-life scenarios. As we indulge in the process of implementation of learning huddles, there are multiple essential considerations that must be kept in mind to augment the overall learning experience and attainment of the learning outcomes. In conclusion, learning huddles have the potential to equip medical students with the required skills to be effective practitioners. As this method has been associated with multiple merits and requires limited resources, all medical institutions must explore and look forward to implementing them in their curriculum.
Proximal and Distal Nerve Conduction Studies in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Ismaylov Rashad , Özdemir Sadıka , Talibov Tural , Sirin Nermin Görkem , Orhan Elif Kocasoy , Baslo Mehmet Barış
Published: March 2024

Introduction/Aims:

The exact reason for the decrease in median nerve motor conduction velocity (MMCV) in the forearm in carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is debatable. However, some studies support the hypothesis of blockage of large, myelinated fibers in the carpal tunnel, and/or retrograde axonal degeneration. We aimed to determine the decrease in the MMCV of the second lumbrical (FMMCVL) and abductor pollicis brevis (APB) muscles recorded in the forearm (FMMCVAPB) in patients with CTS compared with a control group and also to compare the MMCV among CTS subgroups with different severity.

Methods:

The study included data on the hands of 51 patients and 20 volunteer controls. Patients were divided into four groups according to the severity of the involvement, minimal, mild, moderate, and severe. Routine median, ulnar, and comparative conduction studies were performed. By stimulating the median nerve at the palm, wrist, and elbow, responses were recorded over the APB and second lumbrical muscles. MMCV was assessed in the transcarpal segment (TCMMCV) and forearm.

Results:

The mean FMMCVAPB and FMMCVL in patients were 53.8 ± 4.2 m/s and 54.3 ± 5.6 m/s, respectively, and were significantly slower than in the controls (P < 0.001 and P = 0.012, respectively). The FMMCVL was significantly decreased in the severe group compared with the other three groups (P < 0.001). FMMCVL and FMMCVAPB relatively decreased as CTS severity increased.

Conclusion:

In this study, FMMCVAPB and FMMCVL were found significantly slower. Slowing of FMMCVL in the forearm is related to the severity of CTS. The decrease in MMCV in the forearm did not parallel the decrease in TCMMCV. This suggests that retrograde axonal degeneration may be the contributing factor to forearm slowing. There is also an association between axonal degeneration and disease severity.
Bilateral horizontal gaze palsy as an initial presentation of a clinically isolated syndrome: A case report
Authors: Alnosair Ghadah , Alanazi Khalid A. , Alhumaid Fatima I. , Alshuhayb Bayan S.
Published: March 2024

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common demyelinating disease affecting the central nervous system. It has a wide range of manifestations and commonly affects the visual system. Many patients with MS report decreased vision, diplopia, nystagmus, and abnormal ocular motility. Nevertheless, bilateral horizontal gaze palsies are exceptionally rarely seen. We present the case of a 24-year-old female who came to our pediatric ophthalmology clinic complaining of bilateral horizontal gaze palsy, photophobia, and eye pain for 2 days. Although the patient had a family history of MS, there was no similar or previous complaint, with an unremarkable past medical and surgical history. During the examination, she was found to have a complete bilateral absence of horizontal saccade and pursuit, with slight limitations in vertical ones. There was no nystagmus or skew deviation, and the rest of the cranial nerves (CNs) were intact. Her ocular vital signs were normal, and her corrected visual acuity was 20/20 with full-color vision. The rest of the physical and neurological examinations were unremarkable. After referral to neurology, the magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple hyperintense lesions in deep white matter, pons, and midbrain. The correlation of imaging findings with clinical presentation confirmed the diagnosis of a clinically isolated syndrome. Extra-ocular motility (EOM) significantly improved after pulse steroid therapy and five sessions of plasma exchange, but the patient developed 35 prism diopter of acquired concomitant esotropia. She underwent a right medial rectus botulinum toxin injection which dramatically improved her condition, and became orthotropic during the last 2 months of follow-up after the injection.
An Observational Study on Morphological Types of Cataracts in Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Vats Sumedha , Agrawal Mohini , Jakhar Pushpendra , Dhiman Shrey , Sangwan Kirti , Anadure Ravi K.
Published: March 2024

Purpose:

To evaluate common morphological types of cataracts in patients with hypertension (HTN) alone (hypertensive patients) planned for cataract surgery.

Methods:

It is a prospective cross-sectional study. It was conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology at a tertiary eye care centre from January 2022 to June 2022. Hypertensive patients, without any other systemic diseases, who presented with cataract in either of their eyes were included in the study. The classification of cataract was performed according to the Lens Opacities Classification System III.

Results:

Two hundred and eighty eyes of 140 patients were included in the study. The mean age of presentation was 64.9 ± 7.38 years(median 67 years; range 39.81 years). There were 63 (45%) males, and the rest were females. Of 140, 14 patients were below the age of 55 years, 2 patients were above 75 years, and the majority (42 patients) belonged to the age group between 67 and 70 years. Nuclear sclerosis (NS) cataract was the most common morphological type found in the eyes of hypertensive patients followed by posterior subcapsular cataract (PSC). PSC significantly correlated with HTN when compared to other types of cataracts excluding NS (P < 0.0001). No significant relation was found between the grade of HTN and the grade of NS.

Conclusion:

Apart from the risk of formation of any type of cataract, NS and PSC were more commonly found in patients with HTN. Moreover, PSC was closely related to HTN when compared to other types of cataracts excluding NS.
Incidence of Central Involving Macular Oedema After Cataract Surgery in Diabetic Retinopathy Patients – A Prospective Study
Authors: Mansa Devi Sankari Alias , Madhanagopalan V.G.
Published: March 2024

Aim:

To study the incidence of central macular oedema at 4, 8 and 12 weeks following cataract surgery in diabetic retinopathy eyes.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective observational study was conducted over a period of 3 months to investigate the presence of centrally involved macular oedema following cataract surgery in diabetic retinopathy patients. Preoperative OCT scans were performed and patients without centrally involved macular oedema were enrolled. Subfield thickness (central, outer and inner) was measured preoperatively and at 4, 8 and 12 weeks postoperatively. The correlation between diabetic macular oedema (DME) and HbA1c, as well as random blood sugar (RBS) levels at the time of surgery, was analysed. Best.corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was assessed preoperatively and postoperatively, and fundus examinations were conducted each visit to evaluate diabetic retinopathy progression.

Results:

This study included 80 eyes from 44 patients. Postoperatively, central subfield thickness (CSF) increased significantly at first (14.7 μm), second (26.7 μm) and third (30.3 μm) compared to baseline. Inner subfield thickness (ISF) also increased at first (13.3 μm), second (20.6 μm) and third (24.3 μm) months, while the outer subfield thickness (OSF) showed progression from 6.7 μm to 16.6 μm from the first to third month. A statistically significant shift in DME was observed three months post.cataract surgery. There was a significant association between HbA1c levels and the development of DME, but no correlation with RBS levels. BCVA improved remarkably from preoperative mean log MAR of 0.75 to a mean log MAR of 0.1 at 3 months postoperatively. About 30% had mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) preoperatively, and in that group, 60% progressed to moderate NPDR. The status of moderate and severe NPDR remained the same postoperatively at 3 months. Of all patients who progressed to moderate NPDR, 3 cases developed non-central macular oedema, and three cases developed both central and non.central macular oedema postoperatively at 3 months. All eyes with severe NPDR resulted in DME, except for one (9.1%) eye.

Conclusion:

Preoperatively, 57.5% had no macular oedema, while 42.5% had non.central macular oedema. Postoperatively, 4.4% had central oedema, and 10.9% had both central and non.central oedema among those who initially had no macular oedema. Additionally, 38.2% developed oedema in both central and non.central regions among patients initially presenting with non-central macular oedema. There was also a significant statistical difference with longer duration of diabetes mellitus, severity of diabetic retinopathy and elevated HbA1c values with the development of diabetic macular oedema postoperatively. However, larger sample sizes and longer-term follow-up are essential for assessing retinopathy progression and the incidence of DME.
Crouzon Syndrome: An Unwanted Family Heirloom
Authors: Shah Neeharika P. , Gadre Omkar N.
Published: March 2024

Craniosynostoses are syndromes characterized by premature fusion of sutures of the skull and Crouzon syndrome is the most common of the craniosynostosis syndromes. Early fusion of sutures causes craniofacial anomalies. Visual complications can arise-including papilledema and optic atrophy, often related to increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Strabismus, refractive errors are common. Proptosis may lead to exposure keratopathy, which requires aggressive management to avoid severe corneal complications. Amblyopia can result from optic neuropathy, corneal opacities, strabismus, or refractive errors. If undiagnosed and untreated at a young age, it results in permanent visual impairment. Here, we report craniosynostosis with phenotypical features suggestive of Crouzon syndrome in a 17 year old male patient who presented to OPD with ocular complaints and underwent a complete systemic evaluation. Upon detailed history taking, a positive family history was elicited with similar complaints in the brother, father, grandfather, aunt, and cousin of the patient. Each of the patients described here was diagnosed at different points in time and belongs to successive generations with a few different clinical features.highlighting the complete penetrance of this disorder with variable expressivity.
ND YAG Capsulotomy-induced Acute non-pupillary Block Glaucoma in a Pseudophakic Patient
Authors: Ramesh Sujitha , Raja Vidya , Ramya Gomathi , Muthusamy Haritha
Published: March 2024

Secondary angle-closure glaucoma (ACG) due to pupillary block in pseudophakic patients has numerous reports in the literature. We report a 60-year-old pseudophakic patient with occurrence of unilateral non-pupillary block secondary ACG caused by vitreous prolapse after laser capsulotomy. He received topical and oral aqueous suppressants as treatment, and he underwent anterior vitrectomy with pars plana vitrectomy. This report aims to supplement the scant literature on this condition and to educate clinicians of the value of imaging in secondary ACG with non-pupillary block in pseudophakic patients to determine the cause and tailor treatment.
Donacja czy performancja? Próba krytycznej interpretacji fenomenologii donacji J.-L. Mariona jako fenomenologii performatywnej
Authors: Sobota Daniel
Published: March 2024

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest wykładnia Jeana-Lu ca Mariona fenomenologii donacji jako swoistej filozoficznej teorii performansu. Inspiracje, kierunek oraz kontekst przedstawionej interpretacji wyznaczają istotne przeobrażenia współczesnej humanistyki, której krajobraz został ukształtowany przez liczne kontrtekstualne zwroty. Artykuł przedstawia główne motywy Marionowskiej fenomenologii donacji, takie jak kontrmetoda, dar, sakrament, objawienie, oddany, wydarzenie, przygodność, fenomen nasycony, świadek itp., doszukując się w nich performatywnych instrukcji. Artykuł kończy się wielowątkową krytyką Mariona fenomenologii donacji, pokazując dlaczego nie zdaje ona egzaminu i musi ustąpić fenomenologicznej zasadzie performancji.
Quality Standards for Pollution Prevention Countermeasures for Safety and Security at the Port of Surabaya (Survey o (Survey on Tanker Ships at the Port of Surabaya)
Authors: Sutralinda Dety
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study is to determine and analyze the activities of the shipping fleet in the use and use of aids to prevent and prevent pollution of the marine environment, the attention and willingness of officers and crew on the prevention and prevention of pollution of the marine environment, as well as strategies for handling and preventing pollution of the marine environment to support safety and shipping security. By using descriptive qualitative research, data collection is done through interviews and documentation studies to be further processed and analyzed. The results of the first analysis showed that there were still ships that were not in accordance with international standards on the means of supporting marine pollution prevention equipment and there were still crew members who were not aware of the need to prevent sea pollution. The second analysis shows that the attention and willingness of the ship's officers and crew still aboard the ship's officers who neglected the prevention of pollution by ships, not all crew members have the habit of paying attention to pollution by ships. The results of the third analysis indicate that there are still shipping companies that have not yet fully equipped the pollution prevention aids on ships, when shipping equipment is damaged it is rather difficult to provide a replacement. The results of the fourth analysis show that the strategy for preventing and preventing pollution of the marine environment to support shipping safety and security is the result of an analysis of the strengths and weaknesses as well as opportunities and threats to increase the prevention and prevention of pollution of the marine environment to support shipping safety and security.
The Impact of Flipped Classroom Practices Supported by Web 2.0 Teaching Tools on Some Variables
Authors: Sıriş Ahmet Bahadır , Görgülü Arı Asli
Published: March 2024

One sector hit particularly hard due to the global COVID-19 epidemic, which got started in the year 2020, was education, so educational approaches that respond to the needs of the new era have gained importance. In this research, which was conducted to contribute to research in this direction, the current paper intended to figure out how to use Flipped Classrooms implementations propelled with Web 2.0 teaching tools in distance education in “People and Environment” topic in 5th grades regarding student performance, environmental literacy, attitude towards Web 2.0 assets. From the quantitative research methods, a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group was chosen for the study. The study included 36 5th-grade students studying at a public school in Istanbul. Research data were collected online using the Environmental Knowledge Test, Environmental Literacy Scale, and Attitude Scale Towards Web 2.0 assets. As a result of the study, it was observed that the academic achievement and environmental literacy rates of the experimental group increased, and their attitudes toward Web 2.0 tools changed positively. Expectations hold that these outcomes shall constitute meaningful beneficence to existing material regarding both the distance education process and educational solutions in the digitalized world and the creation of environmental awareness in children.
PAEDIATRIC WELL CHILD CARE IN THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE
Authors: Kalanovic Dylag Ivana , Dylag Andrew , Živković Zorica
Published: March 2024

Well child care is a discipline within paediatrics that evaluates the progression of a patient’s nutrition, development, psychosocial advancement, physical examination, and immunization status at specific time points throughout childhood. One vital component of well child care is to designate time for age-appropriate anticipatory guidance about upcoming developmental milestones; therefore promoting optimal health and preventing injury. Many countries developed nationally recognized preventive programs for the first year of life including the immunization schedule. In many countries worldwide general practice physicians and/or nurses supervise child development and immunizations. The article summarizes well child care in the United States in the first year of life recommendations provided by The American Academy of Paediatrics.
TEŠKOĆE U POSTAVLJANJU DIJAGNOZE MARFAN SINDROMA - PRIKAZ PORODICE
Authors: Cokić Bojana
Published: March 2024

Uvod. Marfan sindrom je nasledno oboljenje vezivnog tkiva. Nasleđuje se autosomno-dominantno. Incidenca je 1/10 000-20 000. Bolest je uzrokovana  mutacijom gena  koji kodira strukturu fibrilina i elastičnih vlakana vezivnog  tkiva. Odgovoran gen se zove Fibrilin-1 ili FBN1. Mutacija gena fibrilin-1 (FBN1) je locirana na hromozomu 15 q 21.1. Kao rezultat toga su pogođeni  mnogi sistemi i organi: srce, krvni sudovi, kosti, tetive, hrskavica, oči, nervni sistem, koža i pluća. Marfan sindrom se manifestuje na različite načine kod dece,  te samim tim život nije svakome isti. Neka deca imaju simptome koji se moraju lečiti dok su god druge dece simptomi blagi i oni samo odlaze na kontrole jedanom godišnje. Osobe sa Marfan sindromom danas mogu živeti duže zbog  rane dijagnoze i tretmana.

Prikaz porodice. U porodici Marfan sindrom imaju otac i sin. Majka i starija ćerka su  zdrave. U porodici niko nije imao visok rast. Žive u selu, lošeg su materijalnog statusa. U oca je dijagnoza postavljena na pregledu za služenje vojnog roka. U sina je dijagnoza postavljena u uzrastu malog deteta. Do tada je  ispitivan i lečen kao cerebralna paraliza (posledica teškog porođaja).

Zaključak. Marfan sindrom se na rođenju teško prepoznaje. Zato svakom detetu sa visokim rastom ozbiljno pristupiti radi specifične dijagnostike. Na vreme  postavljena dijagnoza otkriva faktore rizika i sprečava ili odlaže teške komplikacije bolesti.
BLOOD PRESSURE VARIABILITY AND LEFT VENTRICULAR MASS INDEX ION CHILDREN WITH TRUE AMBULATORY HYPERTENSION
Authors: Bjelaković Bojko , Vukomanović Vladislav , Šaranac Ljiljana , Krstić Miloš , Jović Marko , Petrovski Vanja
Published: March 2024

This study sought to evaluate the relationship between blood pressure variability and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) in children with true ambulatory hypertension. We conducted a cross-sectional survey among 115 children who were consecutively referred for evaluation of hypertension to our University Children’s Hospital. The calculated blood pressure variability (BPV) measures were 24-h average real variability (ARV) and 24-hour weighted SD (wSD).  LVMI was estimated by M-mode echocardiography using Devereux’s formula and indexed for height.

A total of 35 children had true ambulatory hypertension. We found no correlation between 24-hour ARV and wSD with LVMI. On the other hand, partial correlation analysis revealed statistically significant and inverse correlation between 24-hour ARV and LVMI, controlling for body mass index (r = -0,516; P = 0.002).

Contrary to previous studies, our results indicate inverse association of LVMI and BPV as expressed by ARV in a population of true hypertensive children.
МILAN JOVANOVIĆ BATUT - UTEMELJIVAČ PREVENTIVNE MEDICINE U SRBIJI
Authors: Stanimirov Branislava
Published: March 2024

I nakon 75 godina od fizičkog nestanka Profesora  Milana Jovanovića Batuta, on je jedan među retkim u našem narodu koji ne odlaze tako lako u zaborav.Trajno poznat, ostao je jedinstvena  pojava po samom nazivu  - Batut. Neprevaziđeni zdravstveni prosvetitelj i vaspitač, snagom svog morala, talenta, uma, truda, upornosti i istrajnosti ostvario je delo neprolazne vrednosti. On je svoj život po sopstvenom priznanju posvetio svom narodu, i ne samo svom. Retke su države i narodi koji su imali privilegiju da imaju takve izuzetne ličnosti. Omiljeni učitelj zdravlja bio i ostao.
OKSIDATIVNI STRES KOD GOJAZNE DECE-KAKO GA SPREČITI ILI SMANJITI?
Authors: Klisić Aleksandra , Kavarić Nebojša
Published: March 2024

Hipertofično masno tkivo je značajan izvor reaktivnih vrsta kiseonika (RVK) koji dovode do povećanja ekspresije adipokina i infiltracije inflamatornih ćelija. Ovi poslednji dalje sekretuju nove RVK čineći tako povratnu spregu između oksidativnog stresa i inflamacije u masnom tkivu, sa posledičnim promenama u signalnim putevima i brojnim poremećajima kao što su metabolički sindrom, diabetes mellitus tip 2, kardiovaskularne bolesti. Istraživanja pokazuju da promena životnih navika zasnovana na promeni načina ishrane, kao i povećana i redovna fizička aktivnost mogu dovesti do smanjenja oksidativnog stresa i inflamacije. Takođe, skorije studije pokazuju da suplementacija antioksidansima može popraviti antioksidantni status. U daljim redovima će biti reči o patofiziološkim mehanizmima gojaznošću indukovanog oksidativnog stresa kod dece i adolescenata, kao i strategiji u cilju smanjenja istog.
UPOREDNA STUDIJA PROPOMUCIL® PREPARATA U TRETMANU AKUTNIH RESPIRATORNIH INFEKCIJA GORNJIH DISAJNIH PUTEVA KOD DECE
Authors: Bajec-Opančina Aleksandra , Šubarević Vladan , Stanković Katarina , Novković Mladen , Đorđević Vladan
Published: March 2024

Uvod i cilj. Akutne respiratorne infekcije su vrlo čest problem sa kojima se susreću deca, naročito mlađeg uzrasta. Simptomatologija je u slučaju virusnog porekla infekcije nespecifična, pa je i terapija simptomatska. Fitoterapija predstavlja upoređivanje farmakoloških svojstava hemijskih lekova u interakciji sa biljem i proizvodima iz prirode. Savremeno doba donelo je moderne smernice u ispitivanjima biljaka što je potvrdilo iskustvo naših predaka u korišćenju bilja pri lečenju i ublažavanju tegoba. Cilj istraživanja bio je da se proceni efikasnost i bezbednost PropoMucil® sirupa i PropoMucil® spreja za nos kod dece sa respiratornim infekcijama.

Metod rada i pacijenti. Istraživanje je sprovedeno od januara do aprila 2016. godine u Institutu za majku i dete „Dr Vukan Čupić“ u Beogradu. Istraživanjem su obuhvaćene dve grupe dece: grupa A-deca sa simptomima sekretornog zapaljenja srednjeg uha i gupa B-deca sa simptomima zapaljenja nosne sluznice. U obe grupe dece beleženi su na prvom pregledu demografski podaci, dužina trajanja simptoma i komorbiditeti, dok su na prvom i kontrolnom pregledu beleženi simptomi, otoskopski i timpanometrijski nalaz - u grupi A i endoskopski nalaz, izgled sekreta i mikrobiološki nalaz u grupi B.

Rezultati. U grupi A dece je pri kontrolnom pregledu statistički bila manje zastupljena simptomatologija infekcije, uz normalizaciju otoskopskog i timpanometrijskog nalaza. U grupi B dece je na ponovnom pregledu statistički bila manje zastupljena simptomatologija infekcije, došlo je do normalizacije endoskopskog nalaza, izgleda sekreta i mikrobiološkog nalaza.

Zaključak. Istraživanje je doprinelo vrednovanju fitoterapije, kao terapije izbora, u prevenciji i lečenju respiratornih infekcija.
PREVENTIVNA MEDICINSKA EPIGENETIKA
Authors: Obrenović Milan , Kavečan Ivana , Privrodski Boris , Redžek Mudrinić Tatjana
Published: March 2024

Epigenetika je oblast medicine koja se intenzivno razvija i saznanja iz ove oblasti se primenjuju u preventivnoj pedijatriji i drugim oblastima medicine. Primena epigenetičkih saznanja u preventivnoj pedijatriji je sve zastupljenija i interesantna sa više aspekata. U određenim okolnostima, s jedne strane uticaj epigenetičkih faktora može da izmeni ekspresiju gena i da dovede do ispoljavanja bolesti, a može svojim uticajem da deluje i  preventivno, i da odloži ispoljavanje bolesti, poboljša kvalitet života i utiče na produženje života. Izmenom epigenetičkih faktora može se uticati na to da se pojava oboljenja odloži ili ne ispolji. Kako su epigenetičke promene reverzibilne, i nema primarnog oštećenja DNK sekvence niti promena na hromozomima, postoje velike mogućnosti za osmišljavanje strategije intervencije promenama životnog stila i samim tim primenama tzv. epigenetičke preventivne terapije.
SAVREMENA SHVATANJA ETIOPATOGENEZE MIOKARDITISA U DECE
Authors: Bjelaković Bojko , Ćirić Tašić Marija
Published: March 2024

Miokarditis tj. inflamacija tkiva miokarda predstavlja veoma kompleksan klinički entititet koji u mnogim svojim segmentima predstavlja enigmu za lekare i istraživače.

Pored virusa koji su u najvećem broju slučajeva glavni inicijatori inflamacije srca u dece, miokarditis može biti uzrokovan i toksinima, ishemijom, mehaničkim oštećenjem, lekovima, ali i imunim reakcijama kod transplantirane dece ili u sklopu sistemskih bolesti vezivnog tkiva. Iako je incidenca klinički manifestnih formi miokarditisa relativno mala, evolucija bolesti i često nepovoljan tok: razvoj dilatantne kardiomiopatije, kliničke slike aritmogene displazije desne komore ili infarkta miokarda i ne retko fulminantni tok bolesti, pridaju mu veliki sociomedicinski značaj. Iako je danas nedvosmisleno pokazano da je ključna komponenta koja određuje način i formu ispoljavanja bolesti kao i njen konačan ishod upravo kvalitet  imunog odgovora, još uvek postoje velike dileme vezane za način kliničke evaluacije i terapiju  kako dece tako i odraslih osoba sa miokarditisom.
ZNAČAJ PSIHO-SOCIJALNE PODRŠKE: PLUĆNA TUBERKULOZA I MALOLETNIČKA TRUDNOĆA - PRIKAZ SLUČAJA
Authors: Milošević Jasmina
Published: March 2024

Uvod. Informisanje i edukacija mladih o zdravim navikama i riziko-faktorima ključne su mere prevencije i temeljni postupak u očuvanju zdravlja. Mladi često nerealno procenjuju negativne posledice svog seksualnog ponašanja.

Prikaz slučaja. Pregledom i analizom medicinske dokumentacije, uvidom u porodični, socijalni, ekonomski i zdravstveno-vaspitni status maloletne pacijentkinje utvrđeno je stanje u oblasti reproduktivnog i opšteg zdravlja. Individualni, holistički pristup i evidentirana saznanja relevantni su za kreiranje i primenu odgovarajućih programa zdravstvene edukacije.  

Zaključak. Kao rezultat prikaza slučaja može se zaključiti da je, zbog sveobuhvatnog problema maloletničke trudnoće i tuberkuloze, koji pored reproduktivnog i opšteg zdravlja ugrožava i psiho-socijalno funkcionisanje pojedinca i porodice, potrebno sprovesti adekvatne mere i aktivnosti u prevenciji, ranoj intervenciji i tretmanu pacijentkinje.
Diagnosis and Management of Orbital Cellulitis in a Reference Center in Senegal
Authors: JMM Ndiaye
Published: March 2024

The severity of orbital cellulitis is the risk of blindness and cerebro-meningeal complications that can be life-threatening. The objective of our study was to report the clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and progressive aspects of orbital cellulitis. This was a retrospective, descriptive study over 5-year, from 1st January 2017 to December 31st 2021, in the ophthalmology department of Aristide le Dantec University Hospital. We glued 102 patients. The incidence was 32.8 cases per year. The average age was 23 years, the age group from 0 to 15 years was the most representative (49%). The most frequent reason for consultation was eyelid swelling (87%). There was a predominance of preseptal cellulitis (64%). An ORL etiology was found in 21.5% of cases. Orbital-cerebral CT was performed in 57 patients. It made this possible to classify cellulite and identify sinusitis in 21.6% of cases. All patients received antibiotics and corticosteroid therapy were combined 48 hours after the start of treatment in 41 patients. The evolution was favorable in 73.5% of cases. Ten patients (9.8%) presented a complication. We aim for 3 cases of blindness. Death occurred in a patient who presented a bilateral orbital cellulitis complicated by cavernous sinus thrombophlebitis. The prognosis depends on the delay in treatment, the stage of the disease and the existence of comorbidity factors.
PENERAPAN SANKSI PIDANA TERHADAP ANAK SEBAGAI PERANTARA JUAL BELI NARKOTIKA BERDASARKAN UU NO 35 TAHUN 2009 (STUDI PUTUSAN 05/PID.SUS-ANAK/2015)
Authors: Fauziah Novita Lailatul , Megawati Wenny
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

The methodology approach used in this study is normative legal analysis. Legal provisions for safeguarding children's rights throughout the judicial proceedings are applied from the investigative stage, inquiry,  prosecution,  court  examination,  to  the  execution  of  court judgments. Throughout the legal process, the protection of children's rights must adhere to the relevant legal regulations and, consequently, should  be  consistently  executed  by  the  parties  participating  in addressing juvenile delinquency issues, as stipulated in Law No. 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System.
SOSYAL MEDYADA İHLAL “SHARENTİNG” ÜZERİNE BİBLİYOMETRİK BİR ANALİZ
Authors: Karataş Seher , Aydoğan Şeyda
Published: March 2024

Sharenting (paylaşananababalık), bireylerin çocuklarını ve ebevenliğini mahremiyet sınırlarını aşarak sosyal medya platformlarında sergilemesinden ortaya çıkan bir kavramdır. Bu çalışmada 2017-2023 yılları arasında çalışılmaya başlayan bu kavramın bibliyometrik özetini vermek amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmada bibliyometrik analiz yöntemi ve VOSviewer haritalama analizi kullanılmıştır. Web of Science veri tabanından 95 araştırma makalesi çalışmanın örneklemine dahil edilerek, referanslar, atıf yapılan ülkeler, kurumlar, yazarlar haritası, anahtar kelimeler haritası, yıllara göre çalışma sayısı, çalışma alanlarının açığa çıkarılması, çalışma türleri, çalışma yapılan diller hakkında derin bir bilgi haritası sunulmaktadır.

Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, sharenting kavramı ile ilgili çalışmalar yıllar geçtikçe artmaktadır. 2017’ de 2 çalışma yapılırken, 2022 ve 2023 yıllarında 23 çalışma yapılmıştır. Konuyla ilgili en fazla yayın çıkaran üniversiteler arasında University of Antwerp (n=6), University of Bologna (n=6); en çok yayın yapan ülkeler arasında USA (n=18) ilk sırada yer alırken, en çok atıf alan yazarlar arasında Blum-Ross, Alicia (124 atıf), Livingstone, Sonia (124 atıf), Verswijvel, Karen (77 atıf) yer almaktadır. Ortak anahtar sözcükler incelendiğinde, sharenting (n=60), social media (n=32), children (n=16), parents (n=13), privacy (n=12) kelimeleri kullanılırken, sharenting (paylaşananababalık) kavramı ile ilgili 95 yayında toplam 816 atıf yapılmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen veriler kapsamında sharenting (paylaşananababalık) konusun son zamanlarda popüler hale gelen bir kavram olduğu açığa çıkmaktadır. Türkiye’ de sayılı çalışma yapılan bu konu, araştırmacılara yol gösterici kaynak haritası sunduğu için önem taşımaktadır.
Concurrent Wasting and Stunting among Under-Five Children: A Five-Year Hospital-Based Study in Aden
Authors: Al-Sadeeq Aida H. , Bukair Aidroos Z. , Laswar Al-Khader N.
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Wasting and stunting can co-exist in the same setting and occur within the same child. Both share common risk factors and each increase the risk for developing the other, that is being wasted may increase the risk of subsequent stunting and vice versa. This study was conducted with the aim to evaluate the frequency of stunting among severely wasted hospitalized children. Methods: This is a retrospective study used data generated from Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) registries of children 06–59 months old with complicated severe wasting admitted to the Therapeutic Feeding Center’s (TFC) of Al-Sadaka teaching hospital, Aden, Yemen during five years period (2018 through 2022). Results: A total of 1461 severely wasted children were admitted during 2018-2022. Severe stunting was seen in 42.5%, and severe plus moderate stunting were seen in 63.8% of the total severely wasted children. Findings related to age group revealed that more than 90% of the severely wasted children were from 06-24 months and 58.6% of them were also stunted. Conclusions: The study findings provide evidence of co-existence, early in life, of stunting among severely wasted children. Wasting and stunting both need to be addressed simultaneously to reduce associated short- and long-term irreversible consequences.
Constitutional regulation of the legislative competence of provincial councils in Iraq
Authors: Samer Hameed Safar
Published: March 2024

This study aims to highlight the constitutional legitimacy of local laws issued by the governorate councils under Law No. 21 of 2008, which are not related to a specific region. These entities began to issue local laws after the recent amendments under the 2005 Constitution, based on the principle of separation of powers and using the analytical approach. Through analyzing the legal texts of the Iraqi Constitution and the laws of the governorates, the study concluded that these legislations issued by these councils are unconstitutional. The study provides recommendations aimed at correcting the course of legislators and addressing the defects that may affect democracy regarding the work of those councils and their response to the legislative process. The Iraqi Parliament should handle the legislation since the purpose of these councils is to satisfy the local needs of the governorates that are not organized into regions, as stipulated by the Iraqi Constitution for the year 2005, especially after the transformation of the Iraqi state into a democratic system. The study concluded that the local councils need to amend their law to keep up with the political developments that Iraq and the world are witnessing, in particular.
Nutq qоbiliyаtini оshirishning sаmаrаli metоdikаsi
Authors: Axmedova Fatima
Published: March 2024

Ushbu mаqоlаdа nutq qobiliyatini oshirishning samarali metodikasi haqida fikr va mulohazalar yuritiladi. Gаpirаyоtgаndа tаnа harakatiga tilgа, yuz ifоdаlаrigа vа imо-ishоrаlаrgа e‘tibоr berish haqida gap boradi. Bundan tashqari kо‘z bilаn аlоqа qilish, tegishli qо‘l hаrаkаtlаridаn fоydаlаnish vа ishоnchli pоzitsiyаni qаbul qilish haqida to‘xtalib o‘tiladi.
A Regression Analysis of Mathematics Achievement on Achievement Motivation Factors. A Case Study of Secondary School Students in Busia County, Kenya
Authors: Okaka Brian Mukani , Mutua Dr. Josephine , Dinga Dr. Jotham
Published: March 2024

A majority of KCSE candidates in Samia Sub-County have been performing below average in mathematics. Studies have been conducted to address this problem but significant progress has not been achieved. To address this problem, this study sought to examine achievement motivation as a predictor of mathematics achievement in order to come up with a model that can be used to predict mathematics achievement. The study was anchored on achievement theory of motivation by McClelland (1985). Quantitative research methodology was adopted with a correlational research design. The target population for this study was 5395 Form three students in 28 public secondary schools in Samia Sub-County. Purposive sampling, proportionate sampling and simple random sampling techniques were used to select the participants. A sample size of 361 students was selected from a target population of 5395. Academic motivation scale and mathematics achievement score sheet were used to collect data. Pilot study was conducted among 30 students in one public secondary school in Samia Sub-County to establish the validity and reliability of achievement motivation scale. The researcher conducted a number of descriptive statistics such as mean, percentage, and standard deviation to describe the study variables. Inferential statistics was used to test the research hypotheses. Results revealed that achievement motivation score had a strong, positive and significant relationship with mathematics achievement, r (346) = .76, p < .05. Achievement motivation was also found to be a significant predictor of mathematics achievement. The study recommends that teachers and curriculum developers should include and improve ways of enhancing achievement motivation in their teaching methodologies and in the school curriculum to ensure that it works for the benefit of the students in learning mathematics and better achievement in the subject.
Government Effectiveness, Institutional Distance, and Equity Ownership in Cross-Border Acquisitions by Emerging Economies: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Hamdouni Ameni
Published: March 2024

Our study enhances comprehension regarding the motivations behind cross-border acquisitions (CBMA) by Emerging Market Multinationals (EMNEs). This research explores the impact of both formal and informal institutional distance on equity ownership in emerging markets. Additionally, we posit that these direct correlations are more pronounced for EMNEs compared to Multinational Enterprises (MNEs). To validate these hypotheses, we compare the CBMA of firms based in developing countries with those in developed countries. Motivated by the need to better understand a prominent group of foreign acquirers, we examine acquisitions initiated by EMNEs over a 12-year period. We observe that acquirers from developing countries tend to hold greater equity share in targets located in more economically advanced nations, sharing cultural proximity. Our study’s empirical findings highlight the differential impact of economic distance on the equity share sought by acquirers based in emerging markets, contingent upon the level of government efficiency. Specifically, we note that this relationship shifts from a linear correlation in instances of low government efficiency to a curvilinear association in situations of high government efficiency. While the cultural distance seems to have a greater adverse effect on the degree of ownership taken in acquisitions for EMNEs compared to Emerging Market Multinationals (DMNEs). It lends support to the position that the context of institutions, and institutional theory, matter.
Anti-friction and Wear Resistance Performance of Palm Olein Grease with Molybdenum Disulfide Additive
Authors: Abdullah Nadiah Aqilahwati , Mohd Yusof Nurul Farhana , Mohd Ripin Zaidi
Published: March 2024

In this study, palm olein-based grease with a micro-molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) additive has been developed. The grease was prepared using various MoS2 concentrations to investigate the role of additives in improving grease performance. A four-ball tribological test was conducted to investigate the surface morphology, wear depth, and volume loss of the steel ball. The results indicated that the MoS2 additive reduced the coefficient of friction and wear scar diameter compared to pure palm olein grease. The value of 0.5 wt.% was considered the optimum value, reflecting the best grease performance indicated by low friction coefficient, wear diameter, wear depth, and volume loss. Elemental analysis revealed that the MoS2 additive was deposited onto the wear tracks, improving the surface protection. Thus, this additive was found to have a good potential for improving palm olein-based grease.
Effects of NaOH Concentration and Plate Surface Texture on the Performance of the HHO Generator
Authors: Ridwan Asmawi Marullah , Mansor Muhd Ridzuan , Tamaldin Noreffendy , Hamdan Latief Fahamsyah , Ronald Repi Viktor Vekky
Published: March 2024

The need for clean energy as an alternative is inevitable. HHO gas has received much attention lately. In addition to electrolyte concentration, the breakthrough with a diverse electrode surface texture approach has not been extensively performed. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effects of NaOH concentration and plate surface texture on the performance of the HHO generator. In general, the increase in electrolyte concentration combined with surface texture caused an increase in output current, HHO gas production, and output temperature. As for the applied voltage variation with various surface textures, the increase in output current, HHO gas production, and output temperature also took place, similar to the case of increasing NaOH concentration. Either an increase in electrolyte concentration or an increase in applied voltage triggers faster ion movement, leading to an increase in conductivity, thus effectively assisting the electrolysis of water. Regarding the output current and HHO gas production, the textured surface had a much higher value than the plain surface in terms of increasing NaOH concentration or applied voltage variations. However, according to the R2 results, the linear surface has a stronger relationship with the output current and HHO gas production than the cross surface. In the case of the output temperature, the linear surface was slightly lower than the cross surface. It is possibly due to impurities in the electrolyte solution that contaminate the electrode surface, resulting in a lower output temperature on the linear surface.