bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study and Analysis on the Thermal Environment Test in Guanzhong Farm Residential in Winter
Authors: Chen Yiting , Zhu Yiyun , Zhang Lei
Published: April 2021

Rural residences in Guanzhong area have suffered from poor indoor thermal environment and backward energy-saving methods for a long time in winter. In order to study the local thermal environment, improve residents’s thermal comfort in winter and reduce building energy consumption. The research team conducted a typical winter solstice day Conduct thermal environment test and field survey on typical residential buildings in Guanzhong area, and quantify the test data to get the results: 1. Local solar energy resources have a certain potential. 2. The indoor thermal environment is severely humid and cold so that thermal comfort is low. 3. The first floor of residential buildings can basically meet thermal comfort requirements. According to the results of energy consumption calculations, Guanzhong’s farm buildings consume too much energy. In response to the national energy conservation and emission reduction policy, some improvement measures are needed to improve the atmospheric environment. Taking into account the local climate adaptability, residents’ living habits and economic conditions, measures are proposed to reduce the area of the north window by a certain percentage, install additional sunshine rooms, and transform the second floor south to a balcony.
Study on Agricultural Carbon Emission Estimation and Grading Evaluation -- Taking Chengdu as an Example
Authors: Li Shixiang , Yang Yu , Wei Yali
Published: April 2021

At present, China is in the stage of agricultural economic transformation and development. It is urgent to regard low-carbon agriculture as the main task of sustainable agricultural development. This paper takes Chengdu as an example to calculate the total carbon emissions and emission intensity of agricultural carbon in the past 2007-2018 years through the carbon emission coefficient method, and to analyze and evaluate the agricultural carbon emission structure and agricultural carbon emission level. Finally, it is concluded that the present situation of agricultural carbon emissions in Chengdu and its dynamic changes in the past ten years will help further clarify the types of agricultural carbon emissions in Chengdu. At the same time, it can also provide theoretical support for the action of energy conservation and emission reduction and the construction of ecological civilization in Chengdu.
Analysis on Effective Coefficient of Porous Continuous Medium in Seepage Field
Authors: Luo Xiangyu , Zhang Guoxin , Qiu Yongrong
Published: April 2021

When a porous continuous medium is in a saturated state, the effect of pore water pressure on its deformation depends on the effective coefficient in the stress equation. Determination of this coefficient is an important subject for analyzing the deformation of porous continuous media in the seepage field. This work considers a porous continuous medium with square pores to determine the effective coefficient by combining theoretical analysis and a numerical test method. The water element analysis method is applied to further verify the value of the effective coefficient and to analyze the influence of pore water pressure on the deformation of a porous continuous medium from a mesoscopic perspective. Then, the correctness of the pore water pressure is verified using the initial strain method. Through the above methods, the action mechanism of pore water pressure on porous continuous media could be further understood. A reasonable and accurate method for calculating the effective coefficient is also provided. The correct method for analyzing the deformation of porous continuous media in the seepage field is also explained.
Surface Deformation Law of Cixian Section of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project
Authors: Wei Liu Shi , Zheng Zhao Shu , Su Hui , Zhu Ze Qi , Lai Qu Chun
Published: April 2021

The disturbance of ground deformation caused by pipe jacking construction has become one of the important factors affecting the safety of the surrounding buildings and environmental changes. The construction of the sewage pipe network, which is in the Cixian section of the South-to-North Water Diversion Middle Route, is taking as an example. Theoretical prediction and field tests are conducted to research the ground settlement deformation caused by the disturbance of pipe jacking construction. Research indicates that the surface settlement near Hexie Avenue in Ci County meets the engineering safety requirements when the volume loss rate of the local layer is controlled within 6.9%. And the maximum surface settlement within the construction range of the Ci County section of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project was within 2.5-4 mm, which did not break the safety threshold. Suggested values for the formation loss rate and settlement trough width coefficient index are proposed for similar working conditions, which are 3.31% and 0.525 respectively. Relevant research results provide a reference for the study of ground deformation prediction under similar working conditions.
Study on Vibration Response of Surrounding Environment Caused by High-Speed Train Operation
Authors: Yang Ruiyao , Xia Zhifan , Xu Bin , Liu Yue , Zeng Lingyun , Chen Ziyue
Published: April 2021

A finite element calculation model is established on basis of a ballastless high-speed railway passing through a section of Nanchang to study the propagation law of high-speed railway vibration in soil and the influence of hollow trench isolation on soil vibration. The three-dimensional finite element model for calculating the vibration response of high-speed railway and the two-dimensional finite element model for vibration isolation of high-speed railway are established. It is concluded that, as the train speed increases, the displacement, speed and acceleration of the soil increase, and the vibration period shortens; as the distance from the vibration source increases, the surface displacement, velocity, and acceleration of the soil f shows a trend of increasing first, then decreasing, and then increasing fluctuations along the roadbed-soil propagation path. The horizontal vibration response of the soil is greater than the vertical vibration response. And within a certain range, And in a certain range, the empty groove farther from the centerline of the track, the better the vibration isolation effect. When the train speed is 350 km/h, the distance from the vibration source should be 16 ∼ 22 m, and the vibration isolation effect is better.
In-situ Fabrication of ZnIn2S4/In2O3 Composites Based on MOFs-Derived In2O3 for Efficient Photodegradation of Methyl Blue
Authors: Li Jingzhe , Li Ping , Duo Shuwang
Published: April 2021

ZnIn2S4/In2O3 composites were prepared by the oil-bath method at a low temperature using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as the precursor. The as-synthesized specimens were characterized by the comprehensive utilization of XRD, SEM, UV-vis DRS, and BET. Characterization results proved the composites consisted of In2O3 with micro-columnar structures and ZnIn2S4 nanosheets, the visible-light absorption range and the BET surface area of the composites were larger than the pure In2O3. Besides, the effect of ZnIn2S4 on ZnIn2S4/In2O3 composites was analyzed in detail, the results show ZnIn2S4/In2O3 composites exhibited improved visible-light photocatalytic activities for the degradation of methyl blue (MB), among them, ZnIn2S4/In2O3-1:1 exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity of 75.5%. The improvement of photocatalytic performance could be attributed to the enhanced visible-light absorption range and BET surface area, which improved the visible-light utilization rate and provided more reactive sites for photocatalytic reaction.
Study on Tensile-Shear and Compressive-Shear Coupling Strength of Saturated Clay
Authors: Kong Xiaoang , Cheng Yongfeng , Zhao Binbin , Liu Yi , Yang Zhi
Published: April 2021

Traditional soil strength research mainly focused on compressive shear or uniaxial tensile stress state, and rarely considered the tensile-shear coupling strength characteristics in soil. Based on the tensile-shear and compressive-shear coupling strength model established earlier, which consider the tensile-shear coupling strength comprehensively, relevant tests are carried out to verify the strength model. Different types of saturated clay are selected for the uniaxial tensile test, direct shear test and triaxial shear test. The strength model is verified based on experimental data and compared with the existing joint strength model, and the coupling strength model shows good applicability and accuracy. The result shows the strength model can accurately describe the nonlinear strength characteristics of soil under tensile-shear coupling stress.
Application of UAV Oblique Photogrammetry in Mine Ecological Environment Restoration
Authors: Deng Jun
Published: April 2021

At present, total station or gnss-rtk is often used in mine ecological environment restoration survey, which has the disadvantages of high intensity, long cycle and high cost. In particular, the problems of landslide and collapse in abandoned mines bring potential safety hazards to the surveying and mapping personnel. The traditional surveying and mapping results are 2D graphics, and the information of topography and geological disasters is not intuitive, which brings inconvenience to the design of ecological environment restoration scheme. In order to meet the actual needs of mine ecological restoration, UAV incline photogrammetry technology is applied in the survey and mapping, scheme design and construction management stages of mine ecological environment restoration. The research results show that UAV incline photogrammetry technology can realize: ensure the safety of technical personnel, make the survey and mapping more efficient; make the mine environment information more intuitive, vivid and vivid, which is conducive to the formulation of ecological restoration plan, dynamic grasp of construction progress, and make mine ecological restoration more accurate.
The Establishment of Engineering Coordinate System and Its Coordinate Transformation by Changing the Geometric Parameters of Ellipsoid
Authors: Wu Yunen , Qian Xuefei
Published: April 2021

We often encounter the problem of mutual transformation between the various coordinate expression in the work. because the engineering ellipsoid is only for the country long ellipsoid half shaft made of change, and the two centre, flattening the same, so their space rectangular coordinate system of the three axis also overlap, namely national ellipsoid space rectangular coordinate with engineering ellipsoid space rectangular coordinate exactly equal. Based on this, this paper introduces some key factors that need to be considered in establishing engineering coordinate system by changing the geometric parameters of ellipsoid. The idea of transforming engineering coordinates, national coordinates and urban coordinates based on different ellipsoid parameters is put forward. It provides useful reference for the practice of surveying and mapping engineering.
Research on the Effect of Urease on the Energy Absorption in Shanghai Clay by Unconfined Compressive Test
Authors: Qu Jili , Xiong Kun
Published: April 2021

Urease was attempted to improve the quality of soil as a novel material rising in recent years. The unconfined compressive tests (UCT) have been carried out on soils mixed with urease at a series of concentration. The unconfined compressive strength (UCS), energy absorption (Ei), cumulative energy absorption (Ei
total) of 4 types of samples was also analyzed to evaluate the effect of reinforcement. Results from tests show that a certain concentration of urease has a positive effect on UCS and Ei of the clay, and it appeared best with the concentration of 3g/L. Urease of 4g/L achieved the maximum value in energy absorption within certain strain range. Conclusion is differed for Ei
total as the values of samples mixed with urease are all decreased compared to control sample. It is important for civil engineers to understand the stabilizing mechanism of urease for design and construction of civil engineering project.
The Application Research of GM (1,1) Model with X (1) (n) as Initial Value in Deformation Prediction Combined with Accumulation and Logarithm Transformation
Authors: Qiu Lijun , Zhang Bo , Zhou Zhanxue
Published: April 2021

Mining can easily lead to subsidence. If the subsidence is serious, the ecological environment will break down, and even worse, bring dangers to human. Therefore, the prediction of mining subsidence is of great significance for assessing possible dangers and ecological restoration at a later stage. In order to overcome the theoretical defects in the traditional GM(1,1) model and deal with the low prediction accuracy of deformation data due to fluctuation and oscillation, the original data sequence is accumulated and the logarithmic transformation is performed after adding constant to the accumulated sequence. Then according to the transformed sequence the GM (1,1) model with X(1)(n) as the initial value is established to make fitting and prediction. At last, based on the measured deformation data,we can not only obtain a satisfactory results for monotone concave sequence, but also improve the prediction accuracy of the fluctuation data by combining with the accumulation operation. So the results of the example meet the requirements of prediction accuracy. The example shows that the method has practical value in engineering.
Numerical Simulation Study on Rock Breaking Efficiency of Shield Cutters in Large-Size Boulder Strata
Authors: Cheng Jinguo , Jiang Hua , Qu Xingtong , Jiang Yusheng , Li Changhao
Published: April 2021

Tearing cutters are generally applied to break rocks when shield tunnelling in the strata with large size boulders. To improve rock breaking efficiency, the processes of tearing cutter impacting rock model are simulated, and the effects of cutter mass, impact velocity and spacings on specific energy of rock breaking are studied. The results indicate that the impact energy rises significantly by increasing the cutter mass or impact velocity. With the increase of cutter mass or impact velocity, the specific energy decreases rapidly at first and then increases slowly. The rock breaking efficiency increases firstly and then decreases, and the specific energy has a minimum value. Under the same impact energy, the rock breaking effect by changing the cutter mass is better than changing impact velocity. When cutter spacing increases, the specific energy decreases gradually and then increases. Once the cutter spacing is optimized, the specific energy of rock breaking is the minimum and the rock breaking efficiency is the highest. The research results can provide reference for the cutter design and layout in the similar strata.
Experimental Study on Creep Characteristics of Saturated Sandy Soil with Different Fines Content
Authors: Su Jintao , Wang Shijie
Published: April 2021

In order to better study and predict the post-construction settlement of sand with fine-grained blow-filled sand, sand samples with different fine-grained contents were prepared according to the actual engineering geological conditions, and one-dimensional creep tests were carried out to reveal the effect of fine-grained content on the creep characteristics of saturated sand. The results show that the creep curve of saturated sand has nonlinear characteristics and is basically divided into three stages: instantaneous deformation, rapid deformation and steady-state creep; When the content of fine grain is less than 25%, the strain is smaller than that of sand without fine grain, and the average strain is minimum when the content of fine grain is between 15%∼25%; When the content of fine grain is more than 25%, the strain of sand under the same load increases with the increase of fine grain content; The 5-element generalized Kelvin model can describe the creep characteristics of saturated sand with different fine grain content, the correlation coefficient of fitting curve is 0.964∼0.997, the creep parameters in the model are related to normal stress, and all the parameters increase with the increase of normal stress.
Application of Technology of UAV-Mounted Ground Penetrating Radar in the Study of the Thickness of Soil Plow Layer
Authors: Hou Jianshan , Yan Youqian , Cong Peitong
Published: April 2021

When the detection field is a large field, the traditional ground penetrating radar system has the problems of low detection efficiency and high labor cost. Aiming at this problem, an integrated system of UAV-mounted ground penetrating radar is designed, and a detection method based on UAV-mounted ground penetrating radar is proposed. Taking a small area of cultivated land in Taiyuan, Shanxi as an example, the detection method of UAV-mounted ground penetrating radar is applied to measure the thickness of soil cultivated layer. After the collected data is extracted and linearly interpolated, the thickness of the cultivated soil layer obtained by image analysis is similar to the measured thickness of the soil cultivated layer, which highlights the advantages of high efficiency and low cost based on the detection method of UAV-mounted ground penetrating radar , making the detection of concealed loose bodies in large sites becomes possible.
Evaluation Method of Development Degree Based on Feature of an Intensity Dissolution Layer
Authors: Tang Hegang , Liu Yukang , He Yinding , Cao Xianfa
Published: April 2021

It is common to cause errors in the selection of building foundation in karst terrain. The root reason is that the practical difficulty of karst treatment in foundation cannot be reasonably reflected by the existing evaluation of karst degree. Taking New Terminal of Nanning Wuxu International Airport as an engineering case, this article analyzes the limitation of the existing evaluation indices of karst degree, demonstrates the advanced rationality of intensity dissolution layer’s thickness as the evaluation index of karst degree, and proposes the recommended standard of the evaluation of karst degree. Results show that the intensity dissolution layer, divided by dissolution ratio distribution curve with depth in foundations, comprehensively considers the main depth range of dissolution degree of rock surface and the developing of cavern dissolution, and its distribution characteristics can reflect the most complex depth range of karst foundation. As the evaluation index of karst degree, it is reasonable. Its recommended values are suggested as follows, When the thickness of an intensity dissolution layer is less than 3.0 m, more than or equal to 3.0 m and less than 6.0 m and more than or equal to 6.0 m, the karst degree can be determined as weak development degree, medium development degree and strong development degree.
Influence of Lateral Limited Uniaxial Tensile Strain on Opening Sizes
Authors: Zhao Wenfang , Tang Xiaowu , Li Keyi , Liang Jiaxin , Lin Weikang
Published: April 2021

Nonwoven geotextiles are widely used for seepage prevention, foundation improvement and reinforcement materials. They are usually under lateral limited uniaxial tension in engineering, which results in changing behaviour of the opening size of geotextiles. According to theoretical analysis of pore parameters people studied before, the equivalent pore size

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of nonwoven geotextiles under the lateral limited uniaxial tensile strain are derived in this paper. Two different nonwoven geotextiles were stretched under lateral limited uniaxial tensile strain of 3%, 5% and10% respectively. Dry sieving tests were exerted in order to eliminated electrostatic effects and measure the change of pore size of nonwoven geotextiles. The results show that theoretical solutions are good for predicting the change law of pore sizes for non-woven geotextiles. Pore size of nonwoven geotextiles increases with increasing of the lateral limited uniaxial tensile strain.
Dynamic Behavior Analysis of Hose Operation in Deep-Sea Lift Mine
Authors: Deng Xuhui , Meng Liuyang , Ding Liang
Published: April 2021

Based on the simulation test system of deep-sea mining hose transportation, the variation characteristics of the hose stress, strain and dynamic frequency are analyzed when the collector is in different positions under the condition of a certain hose length. It provides a reference for the design of hose in deep-sea mining system. The results show that the safety of the single arch structure is better than that of the Double Arch structure, the vibration displacement and stress of the hose increase with the increase of the working range of the dust collector, and the optimum working range of the dust collector is 30-60 m.
Qualitative Characteristics of Mutton Obtained from Animals with Different Bioenergy Profile
Authors: Samusenko L D , Mamaev A V , Konovalov K V
Published: April 2021

Food security is one of the components of the stable economic development. Its main criteria are: availability and safety of raw materials and products of its processing for the population. Ensuring food security in Russia is possible only on the basis of innovative development of the agro-industrial complex and introduction of new methods based on the knowledge of physiology of productive animals into practice. In this regard, a promising direction is a study of product quality assessment using a bioelectric profile of superficially localized biologically active centers on the skin of sheep. Determination of meat qualities was carried out on young sheep at the age of 6-7 months old. Topographic search and measurement of the bioelectric potential level of SLBAC was carried out with an ELAP device. As a result of the studies, it was found out that at values of the bioelectric potential level of SLBAC from 58.2 μA and higher, the quality indicators of meat content are high. The correlation dependence threshold of the bioelectric potential level of SLBAC and the meat content is from +0.12 to 1.0. The bioelectric profile level of SLBAC can serve as a test for a live-animal assessment of the qualitative composition of mutton, with sufficient information content and meat producibility assessment.
Environmental Aspects of the Use of Construction Materials from Thin-Sheet Galvanized Steel in the Far Eastern Federal District
Authors: Pasichnikov V E , Mayorova L P
Published: April 2021

The main environmental benefits for the selection of the thin-sheet galvanized steel in the production of construction materials that meet the requirements of sustainable construction are reasoned. The analysis of the material life cycle is presented. The advantages of products from the thin-sheet galvanized steel in comparison with alternative materials of similar purpose are described as well. The comparative analysis presents the regional aspect of the use of construction materials.
Using the Main Hydrophysical Characteristics of Soils in the Development of Methods for Modeling the Prevention of Erosion Processes
Authors: Chelovechkova A V , Komissarova I V , Mirosnichenko N V
Published: April 2021

In the practice of agricultural production, there are enough examples in the field of agriculture, when non-observance and violation of the laws of agriculture did not receive positive results. These include unjustified land reclamation, chemicalization, intensive technologies, reforming the agro-industrial complex. Taken without taking into account mutual, systemic connections, factors and methods seemed to be quite reasonable, extremely necessary, ecologically justified, and as a result, they often led to negative results of the functioning of agricultural production. In addition, it must be borne in mind that the state of agriculture has a huge impact on all aspects of the life of society and the country as a whole. It should be reminded of food independence and self-sufficiency in food. The laws of agriculture are manifested in production conditions in the universal law of conservation of matter and energy, in the system man - nature. Attempts to solve problems without scientific substantiation, bypass or ignore objective economic and natural laws have always ended in failure. In order not to unreasonably harm agroecological landscapes, an increasing number of computer techniques are proposed for modeling soil processes.
Automation of Land Use Planning Based on Geoinformation Modeling
Authors: Zudilin S N , Iralieva Yu S
Published: April 2021

The relevance of the presented research stems from the need to develop new methods of automation of on-farm land management using modern geoinformation technologies. The aim of the study is to develop and implement new methods of geoinformation technologies to automate the process of land management in agricultural enterprises. The object of the research is new methods of geoinformation technologies, which allow automating the process of performing a cameral stage of work on land management design and organizing an information base for agroecological monitoring of the territory of agricultural enterprises. To achieve the goal of the study, we developed a geographic information model for creating land management projects to provide an ecological and economic justification for land use. For land management projects with the aim of designing crop rotations, the main initial data are: relief; agro-industrial soil groups; agricultural plots; ecological and technological groups of arable land. This model was tested on the example of SPK im. Kuibyshev, Kinelsky district, Samara region. In the work, the influence of the conditional working length of the field on the productivity of the equipment was studied and analyzed, an equation was obtained for the dependence of the time losses for idle turns and arrivals on the length of the run (average conditional length of the field). The application of the obtained formula in the automated system of economic substantiation of options for the organization of the territory of crop rotation in the preparation of projects for on-farm land management.
Evaluation of Thermodynamic Researches of Layered Fluids in the Design and Development of Deposits of Hydrocarbon Raw Materials
Authors: Inyakina E I , Tomskiy K O , Ivanova M S , Katanova R K , Krasnov I I
Published: April 2021

At present, publications devoted to modern experimental equipment are widely used in domestic and foreign scientific journals aimed at specialists in the field of hydrocarbon processing. Thus, the installation of PVT ratios from Chandler Engineering allows us to conduct research in a wide range of pressures and temperatures and determine the phase processes of hydrocarbons. In the experimental work performed with natural mixtures and reservoir gas condensate systems, a pattern was found. At high reservoir pressures and temperatures, condensates are characterized by an increased content of high molecular weight hydrocarbons of complex structure, which affects phase processes. The parameters and indicators determined on this installation are the initial ones for calculating the balance reserves of ethane, propane, butane, non-hydrocarbon components in the formation gas, designing development and field development, as well as further processing of condensate. The main goal of the work is to determine the effect of contact condensation, which manifests itself when the deposits are unevenly developed by the area of the field on the development of hydrocarbon reserves based on experimental thermodynamic studies.
Possibilities of Using Phytoenergy Systems in the Ecological Rehabilitation of Contaminated Areas of the Baikal Region
Authors: Timofeeva S S , Ponamoreva O N , Stom D I
Published: April 2021

Recently, green technologies based on the use of the purifying potential of plants have been rapidly developing. Wetland treatment systems have been designed. Variants of phytoenergetic systems are proposed that allow integrating phytoremediation and microbial fuel cells. The article summarizes and analyzes the achievements in the field of creating and mastering phytoremediation technologies in combination with the generation of bioelectric energy and evaluates the prospects of using this technology in local treatment facilities of hotel complexes in the Baikal natural territory. The results of studies on the assessment of the phyto-purification potential of aquatic vegetation growing directly in the bays of Lake Baikal are presented, and the selection of the most promising aquatic plants for use in phyto-purification facilities is carried out. The use of hybrid technology based on plant-fuel cells should contribute to solving the problems of ecological rehabilitation of the contaminated territories of the Baikal region. In places of intense recreational load, it will be possible to create autonomous local treatment facilities operating on the generated energy itself.
Investigation and Calculation of Pump-Ejector System Parameters at SWAG in Conditions of Megion Oil Field
Authors: Volkov V D , Ludupov V B
Published: April 2021

The average oil recovery rate (ORR) in Russia is 0.3, which means that the achieved amount of extracted oil is 30% of the geological (lying in the formation). Due to the irrational selection of the enhanced oil recovery method this problem is quite common. There is the trend of growing demand for petroleum products each year, it is necessary to increase the volume and pace of production. Due to the low ORR in Russia, it is necessary to search for new methods that can significantly increase the amount of extracted oil, as well as the productivity of wells and oilfields. The use of pump-ejector systems and injection of water-gas mixture into the reservoir is an excellent solution of this problem. The optimal pump-ejector parameters equipment providing SWAG injection on the formation in conditions of the Megion oil field were calculated in this work.
Prospects for the Assessment of Phytoplankton Biomass in the Black Sea (on the Example of the Karkinitsky Bay) using Earth Remote Sensing
Authors: Kabanov S S , Kapralova D O , Shushpanova D V
Published: April 2021

The aim of the study is to assess the dynamics of phytoplankton biomass in the Karkinitsky Bay of the Black Sea, as well as the annual trend of its abundance based on satellite information. The article briefly describes the methodological steps for study the dynamics of phytoplankton biomass from satellite images, indicates the possible reasons for the formation of the eutrophication process in the Karkinitsky Bay, identifies and describes the optical categories of phytoplankton depending on its concentration, the reasons for the seasonal shift in the biomass of phytoplankton in comparison with other parts of the Black Sea by period from 19.02.2019 to 11.04.2020. The study allows to assess the possibilities of using the NDCI index for assessing the biomass of phytoplankton and make the conclusions on the process of eutrophication using the example of the Karkinitsky Bay. The scientific novelty of the work is the use of the NDCI index to study the dynamics of phytoplankton biomass in the Black Sea. As a result, several maxima and minima of phytoplankton biomass accumulation during the year (from 2019 to 2020) were identified and possible reasons for the observed results were described, the main of which can be considered a high anthropogenic load on the studied part of the Black Sea.
Analysis of Sources of Anthropogenic Pollution of the Transboundary River, the Serevsky Donets, Based on the Dynamics of the Anion Composition (Nitrites, Nitrates, Sulfates, Chlorides, Phosphates) in 2007-2016
Authors: Vorobiev E V , Usova E V , Orkhova Yu V
Published: April 2021

The goal of this work is to analyze the long-term dynamics of the content of nitrites, nitrates, sulfates, chlorides and phosphates in the transboundary river Seversky Donets. Material and methods. Regular sampling at three points over 10 years (from 2007 to 2016) was used for this research. Monthly average ions concentration in MPC fractions was analysed. Results. Regularities in the dynamics of the anionic composition, caused by both natural and anthropogenic factors, are revealed. It was discovered that the main sources of phosphates and nitrites are located in the Belgorod region, while sulfate and chloride pollution happens mainly on the territory of Ukraine as a result of the discharge of mine waters by coal industry enterprises. The nitrates concentration has similar quantitative values and dynamics at all considered sampling points, which is determined by the natural mechanisms of nitrogen transformation in warm and cold periods. Also, the comparison of specific combinatorial indices of water pollution (SCIWP) at the considered sampling points for the considered period is carried out. Conclusion. In order to improve the ecological situation, it is recommended to conduct regular sampling and observation, including at a larger number of sampling points, as well as data exchange with the Ukranian environmental services.
Application of Methods of Increasing Oil Extraction Coefficients and Intensification of Oil Production at the Fields of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area
Authors: Sarancha A V , Lizunova E D , Baranova E V
Published: April 2021

The methods of impact on productive oil-saturated formations are intended to increase well productivity and increase oil recovery. In order to complete oil recovery from the formation, a coordinated application of methods of increasing oil recovery and intensification of production is required. Method of impact on formation is selected taking into account features of geological structure, filtration - capacities properties, composition of formation rocks and fluids that saturate them. This article considers various promising methods of increasing oil recovery and intensification used at the fields of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area of the Tyumen region.
Present Day Developments on the Labor Market of the Russian Federation and Peculiarities of Its Competitive Environment
Authors: Shapovalova I M , Kopacheva Ye I
Published: April 2021

The study presents the analysis of the modern day labor market of the Russian Federation from the point of view of the major challenges. The researchers focus on the regulation tools of the labor market and classification of the impact factors that affect the performance of the market and its regulation as well as competitiveness of the human resources, including the employees of a separate enterprise. Along with the methodology of the labor market regulation, much attention is paid to the elaboration of the index system which reflects the level of labor market development and effectiveness of its regulation and can be subject to statistical analysis, which, therefore, allows to evaluate the condition, tendencies and peculiarities of the labor market and define trajectories in its regulation. The impact factors targeting improvement of the competitiveness of the employees make a pattern comprised of the elaborated steps aiming for the efficient human resources management and business management.
Applying of the Best Available Techniques in the Municipal Solid Waste Recycling
Authors: Zabelina A V , Sergienko O I
Published: April 2021

The article considers the experience of restructuring the activities of a municipal solid waste landfill into an enterprise for integrated waste recycling, taking into account the principles of circular economy. The introduction of the best available techniques for waste management allows to increase the quantity of raw material fractions that can be reused, and also helps to reduce the amount of waste sent to landfill. The results of the study allow to draw conclusions about the economic and environmental feasibility of using the best available techniques in municipal solid waste management. The article considers the activity of the Noviy Svet-ECO LLC in the Leningrad region. The waste management model developed for this company can be used for restructuring existing landfills for solid municipal and industrial waste disposal into more modern and efficient ecological and technological clusters and meets the principles of a circular economy.
Developing and Optimizing a Model for Creating a Learning Chatbot Using the Example of Technical Support
Authors: Tishchenko A A , Tishchenko P A , Shestakov T A
Published: April 2021

A model for building a chatbot to automate technical support work was developed, the model was optimized and the developed chatbot was tested. This development will help to reduce the load on the existing technical support system and to solve users’ routine tasks without human intervention.
Fire Heating Survey for the Gas-Condensate Field Reservoir
Authors: Mozgova A S
Published: April 2021

The water in potable water storage tanks at the site under investigation is warmed up to 6 - 12 °C with natural gas. The fire heating system of potable water storage tanks is imperfect and implemented with low efficiency. The amount of air needed for natural gas burning is not regulated. The composition of the combustion products was measured in the operating mode of natural gas combustion and with partially limited access to the air required for fuel burning. Air inlet was restricted through covering the furnace opening with a steel sheet. Instrumental surveys were carried out using the DAG-16 gas analyser. The following was subject to instrumental measurements during the survey: composition of exhaust gases; temperature of the air fed for the combustion of natural gas; temperature of the ambient air [1] - [11]. Sampling of the combustion product for analysis were taken at the chimney outlet.
Design of Navigation Satellite Systems in Effective Geomonitoring for Mining
Authors: Prokofeva E N , Vostrikov A V , Nekrasov H A , Redin D E
Published: April 2021

Currently for a mining science it is actively developing branch of knowledge, called “satellite technology”, which has diverse practical applications for geodesy, mine surveying, control systems, mining logistic and transport complex, ensuring the safety and control of the risks there creation of tools and methods of the implementation of energy efficiency strategies. For specialists of mine surveying and geodesy introduction of practice, satellite-positioning methods has become almost revolutionary technological revolution that led to a radical revision of the structure of geodetic support of the country, fundamental changes in the methods field and laboratory work on the earth’s surface. There are examples of current uses of satellite technology over the last decade at the leading companies of the mining sector. The creation of new methods of technical and economic audit determines the need for generation and proof of the most common and objective criteria and evaluation indicators for the design phase and launch of the satellite equipment. To extend the lifetime of spacecraft is pro-posed in the schematic design phase to calculate the possible effects of electrostatic discharges and to give recommendations for reducing their negative influence. Developed a new method that allows for 2-3 orders of magnitude to reduce the complexity of calculation for the pattern of spreading of the currents on the surface of spacecraft from electrostatic discharge. The method is based by the idea of macromodeling. The accuracy of calculations is very high (the inaccuracy does not exceed 1%).
Ecological and Toxicological Analysis of Iodine Content in Mongolian Soils
Authors: Yu Beriozkin V , Glebov V V , Laver B I
Published: April 2021

Man-made environmental pollution, low iodine content in soils and waters leads to the spread of endemic goiter in animals and humans. The main sources of iodine in the body are food and drinking water, which determines the high dependence of the health of the population that consumes local food on the level of iodine in the soils and natural waters of agricultural landscapes. The article presents the results of cartographic analysis of thematic maps of Mongolia, medical data and data on the content of iodine in soils obtained from open sources. For the Ulaanbaatar region, the authors also used their own field and analytical data on the content of iodine in drinking water obtained in 2015-2017.the hypothesis about the influence of geographical and edaphic conditions on the causes of iodine deficiency in various parts of The country was tested. The average content of iodine in the soils of Mongolia ranged from 0.5 to 3 mg / kg, while the most iodine-deficient areas were identified for the southern and partially Eastern aimags (territories) of the country. The data obtained deserve attention and consideration when organizing the prevention of iodine deficiency in Mongolia.
Energy Balances the Process Thermal Decomposition Methane in Cooling Conditions High-Temperature Technological Installations
Authors: Ivanova S V , Neshporenko E G , Kartavtsev S V
Published: April 2021

A mathematical model the energy balances the process thermal decomposition methane under cooling conditions high-temperature installations is proposed. The model under study allows us to evaluate the possibility using regenerative heat use, in order to reduce heat losses through the fence a high-temperature installation by utilizing the heat of the liquid coolant, allowing to increase the productivity the high-temperature process. Natural gas as an energy carrier has a lot advantages and in comparison with other types fuel can be fully used, since it is easy to organize complete combustion with minimal heat loss. It is worth noting that natural gas does not contain ballast and harmful impurities, it also has a high calorific value and high temperatures develop during combustion. All high-temperature installations have the main task ensuring the continuity the process with minimal fuel consumption, using energy from both primary and secondary energy resources (SER). Under pyrolysis conditions, methane is most thermally stable, since thermal degradation methane is thermodynamically possible at temperatures above 560°C. However, when methane reaches significant speeds, it decomposes at temperatures about 900°C, and at temperatures above 1400°C it completely decomposes into carbon and hydrogen. The purpose calculations the mathematical model is to determine the heat transfer coefficient and the temperature field methane heating inside a single tube under specified boundary conditions and thermal parameter the system under consideration. Solving this problem will increase the energy efficiency the high-temperature process. Also, the input the calculations was the analysis of existing apparatus for the pyrolysis methane with liquid coolant for steelmaking, is determined depending on the heat transfer regime gas flow (Re⩽105), the number Nusselt, the amount heat received and given in the decomposition process, the temperature heating natural gas and represented by a graph fraction carbon and hydrogen inlet the thermal decomposition in terms the cooling high-temperature facilities.
Fight against alien (invasive) species of plants, animals and microorganisms in the Russian Federation
Authors: Lisina Natalya , Erin Vasili , Rybashkova Albina
Published: April 2021

The article analyzes the restrictions that are necessary to combat alien species of animals, plants and microorganisms in the Russian Federation. The authors identify regulatory problems and offer solutions. The authors propose to develop a basic document at the national level. This document will be the basis for all government agencies and public organizations in the fight against invasive species of plants, animals and microorganisms. It is also necessary to assign to one state body the functions of combating invasive species throughout the country, to form and constantly update the list of alien (invasive) species of plants, animals and microorganisms on the territory of the Russian Federation.
The lupine significance for forage production: lupin-and-rape concentrate as a source of valuable nutrients for animal feeding
Authors: Gaponov N V , Yagovenko G L
Published: April 2021

The article presents a way to solve the problem of protein and energy-rich diets which seems to be the key task for livestock and agricultural science workers. An important place is given to pulses and oilseed forage crops. They are widely used as green forage, native and chopped seeds and products of their processing (oilcake, meal, oil, etc.) for feeding animals and, to a limited extent, as part of compound feeds. A key issue in feed production is the issue of feed protein. The further development of animal husbandry depends on its decision. As a rule, protein deficiency, in diets is up to 30%, and leads to feeds overspending and increases the cost of livestock production by 1.5-2.0 times. The solution for the fodder protein problem should be carried out mainly due to legumes and their mixtures. One of the main tasks of fodder production is the introduction of advanced preparation technologies. Dry feed mixtures’ structure and form meet the physiological needs of animals most fully because of increased nutrients energy and product quality.
Reproductive functions of cows and heifers of the Aberdeen-Angus Breed according to the calving season
Authors: Usmanova E N , Kuzyakina L I , Pashtetsky V S , Ostapchuk P S , Kuevda T A
Published: April 2021

This paper presents indicators of reproductive functions of cows and heifers of the Aberdeen-Angus breed depending on the calving season in one of the farms of the Central Federal district of Russia. 1.729 calves were received, including calving of cows with twins, or 0.6%. Calves are produced in spring, summer and autumn in 2019. In the summer, the highest number of complex calving (8.0%), abortions and stillbirths (5.8%) was observed. In summer, heifers have more difficulty calving than in spring. Animals calve more easily and with fewer abortions and stillbirths in the autumn months. Quantity of abortions and stillbirths in this period were 0.9%, it is significantly less than the average for the year. Young bulls birth weight did not affect the further increase in live weight until 5 months of age. The live weight of bulls in summer and autumn is higher than those born in spring; it was found (p≤0.001). We recommend to strengthen control over feeding and body condition of cows and heifers with calving summer time and to provide them shelter from the heat. Calving of cows in the spring, autumn, and heifer only in the spring are the most prosperous.
New isolates of soybean nodule bacteria in Central Siberia
Authors: Churakov A A , Khizhnyak S V
Published: April 2021

In a vegetation experiment, the effect of inoculation with new strains of symbiotic nitrogen fixers on the development of soybeans was assessed. The comparison was carried out with the industrial strain 634 b of the All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Microbiology and the autochthonous culture discovered in the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe (Krasnoyarsk Territory). Two soybean samples were used: variety Zaryanitsa (characterized by high nodulation) and line G-23 with low nodulation capacity. Inoculation of five-day-old seedlings was carried out by immersing the roots in an aqueous solution obtained by washing the colonies from a semi-synthetic nutrient medium. The concentration of the microsymbiont is 1 × 107 cells/ml. The plants were planted in 5L pots filled with typical agrochernozem taken from soybean crops. The soil contained an average amount of mobile phosphorus, a high amount of potassium, and a low to medium amount of nitrogen. The count was carried out in the R3 phase of soybean development; for each variant, 16 plants in four vessels were analyzed. Significant differences in plant height, wet and dry weight of stem and root, maximum root length were established. In the G-23 line, the advantage was proven for strains 1–4 relative to the native culture (p < 0.003, 0.012, 0.006, 0.033), industrial drug (p < 0.002, 0.009, 0.004, 0.025), respectively. A significant difference in cultivar Zaryanitsa was obtained between strains 1, 2 and autochthonous culture (p < 0.036, 0.036), preparation 634 b and isolates 2, 3 (p < 0.012, 0.011). The maximum ranks were established for the Zaryanitsa variety for strains 1 (5.14), 2 (4.78), line G-23, strains 4 (5.4) and 3 (5.00). Consequently, new isolates of nodule bacteria are sources of increasing soybean productivity in northern agriculture.