bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Criminal responsibility for introductory use of humanitarian aid or one type of fraud
Authors: Kryshevych Olha Volodymyrivna
Published: July 2022

In connection with the imposition of martial law, a number of laws were passed that increased criminal liability for a number of crimes, one of them in the misuse of humanitarian aid allocated to the needs of citizens who are in combat zones or who were forced to leave their homes. permanent residence. The subject of this criminal offense is humanitarian aid, charitable donations and gratuitous aid, the definition of which is given in the Laws of Ukraine "On Humanitarian Aid" and "On Charitable Activities and Charitable Organizations" of 05.07.2012. The provisions of the Law of Ukraine "On Humanitarian Aid" show that humanitarian aid is targeted targeted free aid, which is provided in cash or in kind, in the form of works or services. It should be emphasized that the sale of goods (items) of humanitarian aid; use of charitable donations, free aid for profit; concluding other transactions for the disposal of such property for profit, ie the amount by which the income exceeds the associated costs, as well as the purpose of profit can be proved by proving the actual profit or encroachment. The misappropriation, sale or exchange of other goods for personal gain is considered inappropriate. The key feature is free and useless assistance only to those who need it, or for clearly defined charitable purposes.
Criminal law protection of legitimate professional activity in the sphere of preparation and dissemination of mass information
Authors: Grodetsky Yurii Vasylovych
Published: July 2022

The article examines criminal offenses in the field of legal professional activity in the field of preparation and dissemination of mass information.
Sentiment Analysis for a Humanist Framework: How Emotions are Recognized and Interpreted in the Age of Social Media
Authors:   Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Guanajuato, Mexico, Cabrera Rafael Guzman
Published: July 2022

Language is in constant evolution – this theory has been demonstrated most aptly and comprehensively by Marshall McLuhan. Specialisation in the different areas of knowledge, especially technology, has contributed to this process. Technological advances and the development of so-called intelligent devices allow interaction through voice interfaces, text, or gesture and in its most advanced forms by means of the incorporation of artificial intelligence-generated linguistic communications in human-machine interfaces. In recent years, the ways of communication or watching news have changed, now we do it by means of the internet and through different options of the social networks. We interact with people and react to their communications by means of divergent ways of language formation. It is increasingly common to express opinions through social networks and the internet. So much so that now we know that it is possible to analyse a person’s sentiment from his or her communications of opinion issued in social networks? The question is, can we determine, for example, whether the opinion has a positive or negative emotive charge only by analysing the written or inscribed texts of such formats of communication? This paper presents a brief description of how technological evolution has created an x-factor of language, that is expressed, appropriated and re-used in machine learning modules, artificial intelligence, and automatic sentiment analysis.
Bhima Bhoi, the Subaltern Saint Poet of Odisha
Authors:   Professor, Dept. of Materials Development, EFL University, Hyderabad-500007, Mahanand Anand
Published: July 2022

This paper aims to understand the life of Bhima Bhoi as a subaltern saint poet and studies his poems, his reformative teachings and their impact on the people. It also discusses some of the principal philosophical ideas in his poems. The paper argues that Bhima Bhoi as a poet of humble origin had social reform, simplicity and devotional undertones in his poetry and this is the reason why his poems were popular among the masses. It also analyses some features of his poems that contribute to this popularity.
Identity in Consumption: Reading Food and Intersectionality in Anita Desai’s Fasting, Feasting
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of English and Cultural Studies, Christ University, Bengaluru, India., George Nayana , Vijayaraghavan Arya Parakkate ,   Assistant Professor, Department of English and Cultural Studies, Christ University, Bengaluru, India.
Published: July 2022

With the resurging interest in Food Studies, this rapidly emerging field of study has seen multiple disciplines adding in their distinct flavours that truly make this an area to savour. Literary food studies, in particular, has become a relevant field of study with the understanding that food in literature always plays a symbolic role, as food in literature is never depicted for the sustenance of the literary characters. This paper seeks to explore the novel Fasting, Feasting (1999) by Anita Desai through the lens of food and foodways to explicate how the characters interact with the culinary arena, and ultimately, interact with each other and themselves. These interactions will serve as crucial insights into their identities, particularly their intersectional gender identities considering the facets of nationality, class, and the like. A special focus will also be rendered on the notion of marginalisation seen in the text, of which gender is a crucial deciding factor. The title of the novel hints at consumption—at both its presence and absence—which will prove as the gateway to the interactions of the characters with food in the novel to examine who it is that gets to feast while who are forced to starve.
What might be the future migration and asylum policy of the European Union? Comment on the judgement of the Court of Justice, case C-808/18 European Commission v Hungary
Authors: Myl Małgorzata
Published: July 2022

In December 2020, the Grand Chamber of the Court of Justice delivered a judgement in European Commission v. Hungary case which is significant in many respects. The CJEU has confirmed that Hungary had failed to fulfil its obligations in providing migrants with international protection and returning illegally staying third-country nationals. The judgement is also of crucial importance in view of the Common European Asylum System and New Pact on Migration and Asylum. The comment aims at presenting possible consequences of the judgement for both the Hungarian administration and, most importantly, future instruments in the area of asylum in the EU.
Stress Predictors in Nursing Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic Confinement
Authors: Lourenço Tânia , Bettencourt Merícia , Reis Gorete , Andrade Carmen , Santos Maria-Luísa , Magalhães Dulce , Sim-Sim Margarida
Published: July 2022

Background:

The COVID-19 pandemic has largely impacted nursing education. Owing to the element of confinement, emergency education fostered conflicts between problems and their solutions, leading to higher stress among students.

Objective:

The aim of the study was to identify the determinants of perceived stress in nursing students during confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:

This multicentric, quantitative, and cross-sectional study employed the multiple linear regression model. The study was conducted at seven nursing graduate schools in the Iberian Peninsula, with 1,058 nursing graduate students in confinement. An online questionnaire was administered to nursing students between April 23

rd

and May 02

nd

, 2020. According to socio-demographic data, COVID-19 experience, satisfaction with learning strategies, and coping strategies (

Brief COPE scale

) of the nursing students, the model was developed with the

Perceived Stress Scale

as the explained variable.

Results:

Stress is predictable in the form of greater coping-avoidance (b = 2.415; p < .001) when a family member is infected (b = -2.354; p = .005) and in younger students (b = -.104; p = .002). It tends to be lower with higher coping-reflective (b = -2.365; p < .001) and when the students have a more favourable self-perceived life (b = -1.206; p < .001). Furthermore, the stress has been found to be higher in Portuguese students (b = -1.532; p < .001) and women (b = 2.276; p < .001) than their Spain and male counterparts, respectively. Among variables related to academics, perceived stress is higher when the students are dissatisfied with the time spent on the computer (b = 1.938) and with the evaluation methods (b = 1.448).

Conclusion:

Personal factors and the ease of mobilisation of the proposed training strategies affect the students’ ability to deal with stress. Emergency education should consider stress predictors so that the students can adapt to training better.
Variasi Harga dan Integrasi Pasar Vertikal Bawang Merah di Kabupaten Brebes
Authors: Zain Amalia Ilma , Widjojoko Tatang , Mandamdari Alpha Nadeira
Published: July 2022

Kabupaten Brebes merupakan salah satu kabupaten sentra produksi bawang merah di Jawa Tengah bahkan nasional. Bawang merah sering mengalami ketidakpastian harga yang disebut sebagai fluktuasi harga. Transmisi harga yang tidak simetris menimbulkan respon harga yang tidak sama antara guncangan kenaikan harga dengan saat terjadi penurunan harga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) Mengetahui tingkat variasi harga bawang merah di Kabupaten Brebes, (2) Menganalisis integrasi pasar vertikal bawang merah di Kabupaten Brebes dan (3) Mengetahui faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya integrasi pasar atau tidak terjadi integrasi pasar. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada tanggal 26 Juni-30 Juli 2020 di Kabupaten Brebes. Analisis yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah analisis variasi harga dan analisis integrasi pasar vertikal yang meliputi uji stasioneritas, uji lag optimal, uji kointegrasi johansen, uji kausalitas granger, uji vector error correction model (VECM), impulse response, dan variance decomposition. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi harga yang terjadi antara petani dan pedagang eceran bawang merah di Kabupaten Brebes adalah tinggi dan tidak stabil. Berdasarkan analisis integrasi pasar vertikal bawang merah di Kabupaten Brebes didapatkan hasil bahwa antara petani dan pedagang pengecer terjadi integrasi pasar vertikal namun masih relatif lemah baik dalam jangka panjang maupun jangka pendek. Terjadinya integrasi pasar disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor antara lain produksi yang tidak seimbang antar daerah, pergeseran permintaan dan penawaran, fasilitas penyimpanan serta penyaluran informasi harga yang belum sempurna dan merata.
Analisis Strategi Sosial Pengembangan Model Usaha Integrasi Kelapa Sawit dan Sapi di Kecamatan Muara Wahau Kabupaten Kutai Timur
Authors: Paggasa Yajis , Abdillah Al Hibnu
Published: July 2022

Sistem integrasi sapi dan kelapa sawit memiliki potensi usaha yang baik untuk dikembangkan. Simbiosis mutualisme bisa terjalin dengan baik. Tujuan penelitan ini untuk menganalisis usaha integrasi sawit-ternak sapi dan benefit yang diperoleh, serta mengevaluasi pola yang diterapkan saat ini dan menganalisis potensi pengembangan peternakan sapi potong di Kecamatan Muara Wahau. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari bulan Februari hingga Mei 2020. Berlokasi di Kecamatan Muara Wahau, Kabupaten Kutai Timur, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis pendapatan dan analisis SWOT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa estimasi pendapatan antara petani sawit non integrasi dengan integrasi sawit-ternak sapi, lebih tinggi pada usaha tani integrasi sawit-ternak sapi sekitar 12,9%-15,7%, hal ini disebabkan oleh: (1) adanya penghematan biaya pengendalian gulma, (2) adanya keuntungan dari hasil penjualan sapi. Hasil Matriks Evaluasi Faktor Internal (EFI) sebesar 3,19 dan Matriks evaluasi faktor eksternal (EFE) sebesar 3,2. Potensi pengembangan peternakan sapi potong di Kecamatan Muara Wahau berada di tahap Grow and Build. Faktor yang menunjang Kelebihan dan Peluang lebih banyak dibandingkan Kelemahan dan Tantangan.
Analisis Keikutsertaan Petani dalam Mengikuti Program Asuransi Usahatani Padi (AUTP) di Kecamatan Lubuk Basung Kabupaten Agam
Authors: Ramdani Rizki , Ifdal Ifdal , Ifdal Ifdal , Khairati Rusda , Khairati Rusda
Published: July 2022

Keikutsertaan  petani awal pengembangan program asuransi usahatani padi masih tergolong rendah di Kecamatan Lubuk Basung Kabupaten Agam, hal ini diduga program Asuransi belum sesuai kebutuhan usahatani, skema AUTP rumit, dan waktu lama bagi petani untuk mengaplikasikannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik petani dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi petani dalam mengikuti program Asuransi Usahatani Padi di Kecamatan Lubuk Basung Kabupaten Agam. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan bulan Juni – Agustus 2020. Populasi penelitian adalah petani yang ikut dan tidak ikut program AUTP berjumlah 60 orang dengan menggunakan analisa Deskriptif dan Regresi Logistik Biner. Hasil penelitian karakteristik petani mayoritas berusia produktif, pengalaman usahatani sedang, tingkat pendidikan rendah, status kepemilikan lahan mayoritas sebagai penyewa lahan, pendapatan  relatif sedang, luas lahan mayoritas ± 0,5 ha, Faktor yang berpengaruh signifikan hanya dari faktor karakteristik inovasi AUTP, yaitu kerumitan dan dapat diujicoba, sedangkan faktor karakteristik sosial ekonomi tidak berpengaruh.
Manajemen Resiko dalam Usahatani Padi di Desa Gerbo, Kecamatan Purwodadi, Kabupaten Pasuruan
Authors: Mutiara Farah , Kholil A Yusuf
Published: July 2022

Desa Gerbo Kecamatan Purwodadi Kabupaten Pasuruan adalah salah satu Desa yang didominasi oleh petani padi dan menjadikan pekerjaan pokok untuk menafkahi keseharian masyarakat di dalamnya. Kegiatan usaha petani sawah di Desa Gerbo ini tergolong beresiko tinggi karena memiliki beberapa kendala, diantaranya adalah adanya hama yang merusak tanaman padi, cuaca yang cukup ekstrem, teknologi yang tidak memadai, serta akses menuju jalan raya yang sangat sulit. Tujuan dari peneltian ini adalah menganalisis usahatani padi dan manajemen resiko pendapatan dari petani padi di Desa Gerbo. Metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Analisis kualitatif dilakukan melalui pendekatan deskriptif. Data kuantitatif merupakan suatu data yang dapat dinyatakan dalam bentuk angka yaitu analisis risiko yang terdiri dari analisis pendapatan dan analisis risiko produksi. Risiko yang dihadapi petani dalam usahatani padi  yaitu risiko pendapatan. risiko pendapatan diperoleh nilai koefisien variasi (KV) sebesar 0,018 Nilai koefisien variasi produksi dan pendapatan < 0,5, yang artinya risiko pendapatan usahatani padi tergolong rendah dimana petani tidak akan mengalami kerugian

 
Analisis Perdagangan Ekspor Kopi Indonesia di Pasar Internasional
Authors: Savira Renata Nindya , Anindita Ratya , Nugroho Condro Puspo
Published: July 2022

Perekonomian Indonesia cenderung tumbuh positif selama lima tahun terakhir, khususnya dari tahun 2016 hingga 2019. Pertumbuhan PDB Indonesia pada tahun 2020 melambat menjadi -2,07%. Penurunan ini terjadi karena adanya pengeluaran kebijakan baru oleh pemerintah, baik dalam kegiatan ekonomi maupun kegiatan sosial. Sementara sektor lainnya mengalami pertumbuhan yang tidak signifikan, sektor pertanian mampu tumbuh positif sepanjang tahun 2020. Salah satu komoditas penting yang dapat mempengaruhi kinerja adalah kopi. Sebagian besar yang diekspor adalah biji kopi mentah. Menjadi salah satu produsen kopi terbesar tidak menjamin volume ekspor Indonesia akan selalu meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh PDB negara pengimpor, jarak ekonomi, nilai tukar riil, dan penyederhanaan kebijakan terhadap volume ekspor kopi Indonesia. Pendekatan penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode non-probability sampling dengan teknik purposive sampling. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dari International Trade Center, Bank Dunia, dan Indonesia World Distance. Analisis data penelitian menggunakan metode FMOLS (Fully-Modified Least Square) untuk melihat pengaruh variabel bebas terhadap variabel terikat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel PDB, jarak ekonomi, nilai tukar riil, dan penyederhanaan kebijakan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap volume ekspor kopi Indonesia (simultan dan parsial). Variabel-variabel tersebut berpengaruh positif , kecuali variabel jarak ekonomi berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap volume ekspor kopi Indonesia.

 
Partisipasi Pokdarwis dan Isu Komunikasi Stakeholder: Studi Kasus dalam Pembangunan Desa Wisata Berbasis Pertanian
Authors: Oktadiani Devi
Published: July 2022

Indonesia merupakan negara agraris memiliki kekayaan sumberdaya alam yang beragam. Keberagaman tersebut menjadi peluang yang dapat dikembangakan dan dimanfaatkan, sehingga mempunyai peran sebagai sumber pangan dan devisa negara, serta membuka peluang bagi sektor pariwisata dengan memanfaatkan keindahan alam yang dimiliki oleh negara Indonesia disetiap daerah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini mengidentifikasi partisipasi Pokdarwis dan mendeskripsikan isu-isu komunikasi yang melibatkan Pokdarwis dan stakeholder lainnya. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Jatirejoyoso, Kecamatan Kepanjen, Kabupaten Malang, Provinsi Jawa Timur. Pada penelitian yang dilakukan ini menggunakan instrument penelitian dengan menggunakan Uji Creadibility dilakukan uji ini untu menunjukkan derajat kepercayaan dari hasil-hasil penelitian. Analis data yang digunakan Pencocokan pola, membangun penjelasan, dan menemukan logika model. Partisipasi Pokdarwis dan isu-isu komunikasi. Dilihat berdasarkan 3 aspek komunikasi partisipati, yaitu aspek akses, partisipasi, dan manajemen diri. Menjukkan bahwa partisipasi Pokdarwis masih rendah, hal ini dilihat dari tidak semua anggota hadir dan ikutserta membangun desa wisata. Isu komunikasi antar stakeholder menunjukkan bahwa masih kurangnya komunikasi, sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa masih kurang komunikatifnya hubungan antar stakeholder.

Kata kunci: Pariwisata, Partisipasi, Isu komunikasi
Pengaruh Kemitraan terhadap Loyalitas Anggota Kelompok Tani Lereng Slamet dengan PT Indo Agroforestry di Desa Sunyalangu Kecamatan Karanglewas Kabupaten Banyumas
Authors: Hestiningtyas Indah Dwikania , Putri Dindy Darmawati , Nurdiani Ulfah
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui loyalitas petani gula semut terhadap kemitraan, mengetahui pendapatan yang diperoleh anggota kelompoktani setelah  bermitra dengan PT Indo Agroforestry dari kegiatan usahatani gula semut, dan mengetahui pengaruh pola kemitraan terhadap loyalitas anggota kelompoktani. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis desktirftif, analisis pendapatan, PLS-SEM (Structural Equation Modeling), dan Likert’s Summated Ratings. Variabel yang diteliti adalah Kepuasan (X1). Kualitas (X2), Citra (X3) dan Kemitraan (Y1), Loyalitas (Y2). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pendapatan pengrajin gula semut dalam sehari yaitu sebanyak 318 kg total penerimaan sebesar Rp 5.679.000. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi loyalitas anggota kelompoktani secara signifikan yaitu pengaruh kualitas terhadap kemitraan dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 3,142 > 1,96 (significance level 5%). Nilai signifikansi terendah diperoleh pengaruh dari variabel kualitas terhadap loyalitas anggota dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,351 < 1,96. Dari 7 hipotesis yang diajukan nilai yang tidak signifikan diperoleh oleh 4 hipotesis yaitu kepuasan terhadap kemitraan, kepuasan terhadap loyalitas, kemitraan terhadap loyalitas dan kualitas terhadap loyalitas karena memiliki nilai signifikan yang kurang dari t-tabel (significance level 5% atau 1,96).

 
Peningkatan Ekspor Kakao Indonesia di Pasar Internasional
Authors: Larasati Rizki Juniar , Anindita Ratya , Widyawati Wiwit
Published: July 2022

Kakao merupakan salah satu komoditas perkebunan yang di andalkan Indonesia dalam aktivitas ekspor pertanian karena kakao berpotensi untuk membuka pasar baru sebagai bentuk perluasan pasar domestik Indonesia. Tetapi ekspor kakao Indonesia ke negara tujuan ekspor kakao mengalami perbedaan volume ekspor. Terjadinya perbedaan tersebut diduga karena terdapat pengaruh dari faktor-faktor model gravitasi yaitu perbedaan jarak antarnegara dan tingkat pertumbuhan ekonomi suatu negara. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari faktor-faktor model gravitasi, yaitu jarak antarnegara dan PDB negara tujuan serta menambahkan faktor nilai tukar riil dan kebijakan bea keluar terhadap peningkatan ekspor kakao Indonesia. Metode analisis data penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi data panel menggunakan metode fixed effect. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor PDB negara tujuan, jarak antarnegara, nilai tukar riil, dan kebijakan bea keluar memiliki pengaruh nyata dan signifikan terhadap peningkatan ekspor kakao Indonesia.
Analisis Integrasi Pasar Cabai Merah Besar di Kota Tasikmalaya
Authors: Hidayat Helmy , Sukmaya Syahrul Ganda , Heryadi D Yadi
Published: July 2022

Integrasi pasar merupakan penggabungan antara lembaga pemasaran yang secara fungsional dan ekonomi menjadi satu kesatuan dalam sistem pemasaran. Pendekatan yang digunakan pada integrasi harga cabai merah besar yang terjadi di Kota Tasikmalaya sampai ke PIKJ menggunakan integrasi harga secara vertikal. Tujuan dari penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui integrasi harga cabai merah besar secara vertikal di Kota Tasikmalaya yang terjadi di pasar Cikurubuk dan pasar Pancasila sampai ke PIKJ dan untuk mengetahui apakah perubahan harga cabai merah besar yang terjadi di PIKJ berpengaruh/tidak terhadap harga cabai merah besar di Kota Tasikmalaya, dengan menggunakan analisis model VAR/VECM.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa model yang cocok dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan alat analisis Model VAR. Hasil uji kointegrasi Johansen menunjukkan bahwa data pada semua variabel mendapatkan nilai jejak statistik lebih besar dari nilai kritis-nya, artinya semua data harga cabai merah pada variabel penelitian sudah terkointegrasi
Dampak Kerjasasama Perdagangan Indonesia China terhadap Kinerja Perdagangan Pertanian Pangan Indonesia
Authors: Pamela Pamela , Sinaga Bonar M
Published: July 2022

Peran ekonomi China secara relatif terhadap Indonesia relatif meningkat. Kerjasama perdagangan Indonesia ke China juga mengatur tarif impor yang diberlakukan oleh masing-masing negara. China membutuhkan bahan baku pangan dari Indonesia sehingga pasar ekspor produk pangan Indonesia dapat ditingkatkan. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini yaitu : (1) menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap perdagangan pertanian pangan Indonesia-China, (2) menganalisis dampak penghapusan tarif impor produk pangan dari Indonesia ke China dan belanja modal pemerintah terhadap kinerja perdagangan pertanian pangan Indonesia, dan kinerja perdagangan pertanian Indonesia. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja perdagangan pertanian pangan Indonesia-China yaitu produksi pangan Indonesia, konsumsi makanan Indonesia, dan indeks harga konsumen makanan Indonesia. Dampak penghapusan tarif impor dan peningkatan belanja modal pemerintah terhadap kinerja perdagangan pertanian pangan yaitu (1) peningkatan ekspor pangan Indonesia ke China, (2) impor pangan Indonesia dari China, dan (3) penurunan neraca perdagangan pertanian pangan Indonesia.
Hubungan Perilaku Petani dengan Efektivitas Pelaksanaan Program Kartu Tani di Kecamatan Undaan, Kabupaten Kudus
Authors: Permataningrum Dyah Ayu , Gayatri Siwi , Prayoga Kadhung
Published: July 2022

Program Kartu Tani merupakan salah satu program nasional di bidang pertanian yang bertujuan sebagai sarana dalam mengoptimalkan kebijakan pupuk bersubsidi bagi petani. Keberhasilan tujuan dari program kartu tani ini, salah satunya didukung oleh perilaku petani dalam menggunakan kartu tani. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) mendeskripsikan perilaku petani terhadap kartu tani di Kecamatan Undaan, Kabupaten Kudus, (2) mendeskripsikan efektivitas pelaksanaan program kartu tani di Kecamatan Undaan, Kabupaten Kudus, dan (3) menganalisis hubungan perilaku petani dengan efektivitas pelaksanaan program kartu tani di Kecamatan Undaan, Kabupaten Kudus. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei 2021 – Juni 2021 yang berlokasi di Kecamatan Undaan, Kabupaten Kudus. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei. Metode penentuan responden pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode quota sampling dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 120 petani. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan observasi. Data yang digunakan berupa data primer dan data sekunder. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan analisis korelasi rank spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perilaku petani terhadap kartu tani termasuk dalam kategori sedang. Efektivitas pelaksanaan program kartu tani termasuk dalam kategori efektif. Terdapat hubungan yang kuat dan signifikan antara perilaku petani dengan efektivitas pelaksanaan program kartu tani, dengan koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,613.
Feminisasi Pertanian dan Dekontruksi Gender pada Pertanian Perhutanan Malang Selatan
Authors: Maulana Rizky , Yuliati Yayuk , Sugianto Sugianto
Published: July 2022

Pada bidang pertanian feminisasi adanya peningkatan partisipasi perempuan dalam sektor pertanian dan adanya fenomena dekontruksi gender mengenai perubahan kehidupan pertanian. Adanya feminisasi pertanian dan dekontruksi gender pada kawasahan hutan di Desa Tambakasri jelas terlihat dalam kehidupan sehari-hari antara lain pekerjaan, pembagian pekerjaan, dan tanggung jawab dalam pertanian maupun keluarga yang berubah dari norma atau adat umum. Tujuan dari penelitian ini mendeskripsikan feminisasi pertanian pada rumah tangga pertanian. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Penentuan penelitian dilakukan secara purposive di Desa Tambakasri, Kecamatan Kepanjen, Kabupaten Malang pada bulan Desember 2020. Pemilihan informan menggunakan metode snowball sampling dengan melakukan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis gender serta Miles dan Huberman, selanjutnya uji keabsahan data menggunkan trianglasi sumber dan teknik. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa adanya perubahan penguasaan lahan hutan dari tahun ke tahun, serta mobilitas laki-laki lebih leluasa diluar pertanian dibandingkan dengan perempuan sehingga membuat perempuan mendouble peran pada sektor pertanian. Kegiatan Produktif rumah tangga pertanian dan sosial kemasyarakatan lebih didominasi oleh laki-laki, namun kegiatan reproduktif dominan pada perempuan. Akses sumberdaya laki-laki maupun perempuan memiliki akses yang sama, namun pada manfaat adanya perpedaan pada jaringan organisasi formal maupun informal.

 
Pengaruh Covid-19 terhadap Harga Beras, Nilai Tukar Petani dan Kemiskinan di Wilayah Perdesaan
Authors: Sitorus Ester Anida Gree
Published: July 2022

Pandemic covid-19 menyebabkan pembatasan kegiatan masyarakat dan mengindikasikan terjadinya penurunan kegiatan ekonomi karena adanya aturan harus menjaga jarak, mengurangi mobilisasi, dan menghindari kerumuman, yang dikenal sebagai protokol kesehatan.   Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh covid-19 terhadap harga beras, nilai tukar petani dan angka kemiskinan perdesaan di Provinsi Jawa Barat, Indonesia.  Pengaruh tersebut ditelaah secara deskriptif dengan membandingkan perkembangan variable-variabel tersebut antara periode sebelum dan sesudah pandemik covid-19.  Temuan penting penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa harga beras di tingkat penggilingan pada pandemik covid-19 lebih rendah dibandingkan pada waktu sebelum pandemic. Nilai Tukar Petani (NTP) gabungan juga mengalami penurunan selama periode covid. Akan tetapi  khusus NTP tanaman pangan tetap terjaga jika dibandingkan dari masa sebelum pandemik sampai dengan setahun setelah covid masuk ke Indonesia. Hal ini disebabkan karena harga gabah relatif stabil selama periode covid.  Namun demikian, angka kemiskinan lebih tinggi pada masa pandemik.  Nampaknya pengaruh ini sejalan dengan angka pertumbuhan ekonomi yang mengalami penurunan cukup tinggi selama periode covid. Pemerintah diharapkan dapat menjaga stabilitas harga beras karena memiliki andil dalam menentukan kemiskinan.
The Roles of C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 10 (CXCL10) in Dengue
Authors: Khamis Siti Noraihan , Mokhtar Mohd Amin Mohd , Wang Seok Mui , Nor Fadzilah Mohd
Published: July 2022

Early diagnosis of dengue is crucial to prevent the progression to severe dengue (SD) leading to mortality rate reduction. This study aimed to determine the role of the CXCL10 in dengue and its potential utilization as one of the biomarkers for the early diagnosis of dengue. A case-control study was conducted involving healthy subjects as control (n = 10) and 193 subjects as dengue cases. The cases were categorized into dengue without warning signs (DwoWS: n = 70; 34.5 %), dengue with warning signs (DWWS: n = 108; 23.2 %), and severe dengue (SD: n = 15; 7.4 %). The socio-demographic characteristics, clinical presentations, and laboratory parameters (platelet and hematocrit) were documented. Serum CXCL10 quantification was performed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The descriptive analysis and Pearson’s correlation test were used to analyze demographic data and the correlation between CXCL10, hematocrit, and platelet respectively. The difference in age (p = 0.02) and ethnicity (p = 0.02) were significant between cases and control. Males more frequently had SD in contrast to females (4:1). The frequent warning signs were abdominal pain (42.0 %), severe vomiting (38.3 %), bleeding tendency (15.0 %), and fluid accumulation (7.2 %). The increase in hematocrit (p = 0.039) and platelet reduction (p = 0.0005) were significant in SD. The mean of CXCL10 in control (134.85 ± 48.52 rg/mL) was significantly lower than in cases (545.22 ± 76.33 rg/mL, p = 0.0005). The CXCL10 is evident to be a potential biomarker in the early diagnosis of dengue.
Genetic Identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Virulence Genes Associated with Keratitis in Egyptian Population
Authors: Al-kaffas Mai , Haggag Maha G. , Soliman Shady M. , Ghalwash Ahmed A. , Alkaffas Marwa
Published: July 2022

Infectious keratitis continues to be a prominent cause of vision impairment worldwide through a variety of causes. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative bacterium that frequently causes vision-threatening microbial keratitis. P. aeruginosa contains a diverse array of virulence factors, including exoA, exoS, nan1, and lasB, some of which may contribute to its pathogenicity. Because the clinical characteristics of bacterial keratitis vary, making a quick differential diagnosis can be difficult, resulting in a delay in diagnosis and worse outcome. In this study, we performed multiplex polymerase chain reaction to detect the presence of nan1, toxA, exoS, and lasB, and determine their association with distinct clinical presentations of P. aeruginosa-related keratitis. We also performed antibiotic susceptibility testing of the isolates. A total of 49 P. aeruginosa strains were obtained from individuals with keratitis between May 2021 and December 2021 from the Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Giza, Egypt. Results showed that lasB was most expressed gene (81.8%), followed by tox (63.6%) and exoS (31.8%), whereas nan1 was the least commonly expressed gene 1316 (22.7%). The antibiotic susceptibility profile showed that TOB was the least sensitive antibiotic (26.5%), followed by CIP (34.7%), whereas CT was the most sensitive antibiotic (89.8%), followed by GAT (83.7%) and PB (81.6%). Several virulence genes were identified in P. aeruginosa isolates, suggesting that these genes are associated with varying degrees of intrinsic virulence and pathogenicity. Substantial associations between specific virulence genes and the source of infection imply that infection control measures can aid in regulating the distribution of virulence genes among P. aeruginosa strains.
A Rare Presentation of Strongyloides stercoralis Infection from an Immunocompetent Individual in a Tertiary Care Center in South India
Authors: Lakshmi S.S. Jaya , Gopinathan Anusha , Leela K.V.
Published: July 2022

Strongyloidiasis is a neglected parasitic disease caused by the intestinal parasite, Strongyloides stercoralis. Most patients with strongyloidiasis are asymptomatic, but few present with varied clinical manifestations such as cutaneous, gastrointestinal, pulmonary, and disseminated disease. It creates a diagnostic dilemma and undue delay in the diagnosis of patients. We report the case of a 79-year-old male who presented with fever and abdominal pain due to strongyloidiasis with no history of immunosuppression. The infection resolved entirely on treatment with ivermectin.
Three Days Extensive Survey of Malaria, Dengue and Chikungunya Mosquitoes in The Capital of Rajasthan, India
Authors: Prasad Arti , Kumar Devendra , Kumar Ashok , Dev Jakhar Saha , Kumar Kumawat Ajay
Published: July 2022

The mosquito-borne diseases are transmitted among people by the bite of an infected mosquito. In India, the major mosquito vectors belong to three genera Aedes, Anopheles and Culex. The mosquito-borne disease transmission dynamics is ruled by a series of various type of factors like changes in climatic conditions, and other man-made factors like different types of land use, community hygiene and their behaviors etc. The presence of mosquitoes is a major concern for public health due to possibility of transmitting arboviral diseases like malaria, dengue and chikungunya; which repeatedly occurs in India and cause substantial morbidity and mortality annually. Current study was carried out in Jaipur district to determine the larval density, breeding preference and relative abundance of Anopheline and Aedes mosquitoes during October month of 2021 because there is less information available regarding vector breeding preference and other associated factors in surveyed areas. Survey was carried out in various place of Jaipur district [Chand Pole, Chhoti Chopad, Mahal Road, Jagatpura and Chaksu (Kothun)]. Total 185 houses were surveyed, among them 140 houses were found positive for Aedes and Anopheline mosquitoes. The larval indices like House Index (HI), Container Index (CI), Breteau Index (BI) and Pupae Index (PI) were calculated as 75.67%, 46.89%, 142.70 and 25.94 respectively. Total 46.89% of inspected containers were found positive for mosquitoes’ immature stages. The cattle drinking tanks were found as the most suitable breeding container with 82.75% positivity. This study concludes that Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus and Anopheles stephensi was found as the most abundant mosquito in this region so this area at high risk for mosquito-borne disease. The study recommends that the surveillance program regarding vector ecology and biology should be carried out in this area and an awareness program should be also conducted regarding vector and their breeding preferences
The Effect of Nasal Administration on the Management of Melasma -A Case Study
Authors: Kalyani S.S. , R. Manu
Published: July 2022

Melasma is commonest among hyperpigmantation diseases which presents as irregularly shaped, but often distinctly defined as blotches of light to dark-brown pigmentation. It is a very common chronic disorder usually seen in women of childbearing age which is a frustrating condition to the women. There are 12.3% to 19.4% of world population suffering with this problem. Vyanga is one of the kshudra roga and is explained by Acharya Sushruta as painless thin brown patches over face. While considering the pathogenesis of vyanga, involvement of pitta is more and it is a rakta pradoshaja vyadhi. Depending on the pathogenesis and asrayaasrayi bhava of doshas involved, nasya(nasal route) is mainly indicated. By doing the nasya (nasal route) it it benefits in relieving the excess (pitta vriddi) pitta and also helps in varna prasadana(complexion). In this single case study, pratimarsha nasya was administered for 30 days continuously. The assessment criterias were noted before and after the treatment. Subjective parameters i.e Mukhamagatya mandalam (patches), Shyava varna(pigmentation), Kandu (itching), Parusha sparsha(dry skin) are the chief complaints of Vyanga and objective parameters such as MASI (Melasma area seviarity index). Assessments are done before and after the treatment. Symptoms of Melasma (Vyanga) decreased and it showed clinical progressiveness of the treatment given. In our study we found Color (pigmentation) of the leision had shown improvement
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Molecular Determination of Virulence Factor Genes of Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates from Clinical Specimens
Authors: E Fiji , B Anandharaj , G Varghese Jijo
Published: July 2022

Acinetobacter baumannii is a gram negative coccobacilli present abundantly in nature, in soil and water. Acinetobacter baumannii is considered as a major cause of nosocomial infections affecting mainly ICU patients and other hospitalised patients. Both intrinsic and acquired antibiotic resistance of A. baumannii account for a significant cause of outbreaks. Significant levels of morbidity and mortality have been reported with outbreaks and common infections include ventilator associated pneumonia and bacteraemia. A.baumannii is also a common cause of bloodstream infections in the intensive care setting. Multiple virulence factors are required for the pathogenesis of infections by Gram negative bacteria including A. baumannii. Possession of specialized virulence genes enables pathogens to infect hosts efficiently. Virulence factors of A. baumannii were less identified compared to other Gram negative bacteria. Hence this study was done to identify the major virulence factor genes from the clinical isolates of multidrug resistant A. baumannii from a tertiary care hospital. A preliminary study was done to determine the prevalence of Acinetobacter infections in the region and then the isolates were subjected to determine the antibiotic sensitivity and to various molecular typing. Various clinical specimens like blood, urine, abscess, vaginal swab were analyzed and 15% of the isolates was confirmed and identified as to be resistant to carbapenems. A molecular typing was done to identify the genes conferring virulence factors. Presence of different genes like Bap, Omp A, EpsA, ptk, AdeG were screened from the isolates.
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Antibacterial Efficiency and Phytochemical Assessment of Stereospermum Chelonoides (L.F.) DC Flower and Leaf Mixed Powder Extracts
Authors: Sangeetha M. , Anandaraj B. , Rajan S.
Published: July 2022

Aim of the present study is to evaluate antibacterial efficiency of mixed powder preparation from the leaf and flower of Stereospermum chelonoides and its phytochemical evaluation. Bacterial species tested were isolated from UTI cases and showed multidrug resistance property. Stereospermum chelonoides is one of the medicinal trees worshiped as Holy plants in Thyagaraja Swamy Temple in Thiruvarur. It belongs to the family Bignoniaceae commonly called Sivappu Pathiri. All parts of the plant show a biological efficiency evidenced through various ethnobotanical databases. Traditional healers use this plant as a heal for vomiting, eructation, piles, acidity, diarrhoea, gonorrhoea, loss of taste, malaria and other fevers. Antimicrobial activity was assessed by making use of two bacterial isolates by disc diffusion and drug dilution method. Zone of inhibition, MIC, MBC, Percentage inhibition and IC50 were calculated using standard textual methods. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemicals were assessed by making use of textual procedures. Active principle of the SCMPEE was evaluated by the column chromatography, TLC, LC-MS and NMR methods. Aqueous (SCMPAE) and ethanolic (SCMPEE) extracts produced good antibacterial activity against all the test organisms with efficient MIC and MBC. Percentage of inhibition ranges from 53.1% to 84.2%. Stereospermum chelonoides extracts inhibited the growth of gram negative urinary bacterial isolates with 274.4 μg/ml IC50 for Klebsiella pneumoniae by SCMPEE. Qualitative phytochemical analysis showed the presence of tannins, saponins, terpenoids, triterpenoids, flavonoids, anthraquinones and polyphenols in both the extracts. Active principle assessment indicated the presence of quercetin 3 -O-Glucoside, which could exert antibacterial efficiency via protein precipitation mechanisms.
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Prevalence and Molecular Characteristics of Carbapenem Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates from A Regional Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: E Fiji , B Anandharaj , G Varghese Jijo
Published: July 2022

Acinetobacter spp., is an emerging opportunistic nosocomial Gram negative bacterial pathogen with increasing prevalence in particular the species Acinetobacter baumannii. It infects the most vulnerable immunocompromised hospitalized patients who are critically ill. Significant levels of morbidity and mortality have been reported with outbreaks and the carbapenem hydrolyzing beta lactamases that includes MBLs and oxacillinases are recognized as important contributors of carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter spp., Enzymatic degradation of drugs, target modifications, multidrug efflux pumps and permeability defects are some of the important resistance mechanisms present in A. baumannii. Accumulation of various resistance mechanisms made treatment of A. baumannii infection very difficult. The major objective of the study was to identify the pattern of antibiotic resistance and its regional prevalence. Hence this study was aimed and conducted to isolate, identify and distinguish the antibiogram of A. baumannii from clinical specimens and to study a molecular level identification of resistance mechanisms of the isolates from a tertiary care hospital. Various clinical specimens like blood, urine, abscess, vaginal swab were analyzed and evaluated for the presence of Acinetobacter. Four members of Acinetobacter species; A junii, A lowffii, A ursingii and A baumannii, were isolated from clinical specimens. A. baumannii was the predominant species and 15% of the A. baumannii isolates were confirmed to be resistant to carbapenems. A molecular typing was done to identify the genes conferring antibiotic resistance and five major genes were identified in the isolates. The predominant genes present in the isolates wereOXA-58, OXA-23 and GIM. Presence of IMP & VIM were also identified.
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A Short Review on Vendor Evaluation, Approach, Criteria and Questionnaire
Authors: Mullaivendan Preethi , Morais ShabnaRoupal
Published: July 2022

Vendor evaluation, a part of the cGMP which is used to ensure the procured products from the vendors,are meeting their quality standards. To avoid the procurement of substandard products from vendors, it is necessary to qualify the vendor / supplier which can avoid the adverse effect on the quality standards, regulatory requirements, and safety of the patients. The main objective of this review paper is to provide an overall outline of the vendor evaluation and to avoid quality failure and promote patient safety. This review paper covers the methods and criteria for evaluating of vendors in the pharmaceutical industry. This paper focuses on vendor evaluation by questionnaire to meet current Good Manufacturing Practice (cGMP). This text reviews the practical challenges faced and strategic plans of the pharmaceutical industry to achieve compliance management and the quality standards of products. An overview of the methods and approaches followed by the pharmaceutical industry to meet the regulatory requirements which were proposed by the leading regulatory bodies like the US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) is briefly described. Most of the studies focus on criteria and methods, but rarely on approaches and questionnaires. Study includes the approaches, methods, criteria and questionnaire to achieve the quality and regulatory compliance and also emphasizes the vendor to stay confident on quality and the compliance of their products produced. The key points on the vendor questionnaire were effectively discussed, which remains the most common and effective method of vendor evaluation. This review paper also helps the professionals to arrive at an overall outline about the vendor evaluation aspects and questionnaire. The outcome of the study shows the importance of vendor evaluation, which helps in supply chain management.
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Ethno- Medicinal Properties of Glycyrrhiza Glabra L. (Licorice): A Mini Review
Authors: Saikia Queen , Hazarika Ajit , Chandra Kalita Jogen
Published: July 2022

Plants have long been valued for their medicinal properties. The secret to efficient treatment is finding the right herb. The purpose of this review is to provide an updated overview of Glycyrrhiza glabra L., “the guardian of herbs” regarding its traditional uses, phytochemistry, and emphasizing the relevance of a few key characteristics of this plant. This review covers a combination of all aspects from an aphrodisiac point of view that were missed by previous articles. This article is presented to include all of the most recent information on its phytochemical and pharmacological effects, which were investigated using a variety of approaches. The plant can be a suitable candidate to manage the long fought erectile dysfunction in men. The extract and the constituents have been found effective in inducing NO signaling pathway that has beneficial effects in initiation and maintenance of erection. It is an age-old plant that belongs to the family Fabaceae. G. glabra (Licorice) has been used in folk medicine all over the world for its ethnomedicinal characteristics, and has historically been recognized as a preventative treatment for stomach ulcers, according to pharmacological research. It comprises a wide range of biological actions, including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antioxidant, as well as others, for which it has been used to treat a variety of disorders ranging from simple cough to hepatitis, as well as more serious conditions like SARS and cancers. This study presents a critical, and thorough assessment of the current understanding of G. glabra composition and therapeutic potential. This article concludes that G. glabra is actually a potent herb that can cure almost all illnesses.
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Seismic performance of moment frames under multiple fling-step pulse ground motions
Authors: Faisal Ade , Anshari Afiful , Hadibroto Bambang , Kamarudin Ahmad Fahmy
Published: July 2022

The displacement fling-step pulse seldom signatures near-field earthquake in its ground motions. It is well recognized that the near-field ground motion with velocity pulse amplifies the building drift larger than the regular ground motion. Recent findings explain that the building experiences minor damage to collapse is not caused only by the single earthquakes, which in many cases are due to repeated ground motion. The seismic performance of moment frames under the displacement fling-step pulse motion is not studied, particularly when this type of motion applies. Thousands of nonlinear inelastic response history analyses are conducted in order to find out the inter-story drifts, as the engineering demand parameter throughout the incremental dynamic analysis, on the 5 to 20-story moment resisting frames under the influence of multiple ground motions with a fling-step pulse. The special, intermediate, and ordinary types of moment frames are considered, respectively. On average, the evaluation result explains that the intensity measure of multiple ground motions with a fling-step pulse needs 68.37% lower than the single ground motion in order to produce the near collapse inter-story drift. This means the multiple ground motion with fling step pulse increases the probability of near collapse of frames significantly.