bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Salt Resistance of Protoplasm as a Test for the Salt Tolerance of Agricultural Plants1
Authors: Repp Gertraud I. , McAllister DeVere R. , Wiebe Herman H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The protoplasmic salt resistance of plants as measured by the effect of NaCl upon the vacuole and cytoplasm was found to be in agreement with field results and leaf succulence determinations.
Wide Corn‐Row Spaces and Wheat Interseedings1
Authors: Stringfield G. H. , Haynes J. L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Full‐season, “wide‐row” (72‐inch) corn yielded 10 to 15 bushels per acre less than earlier (1 week) corn in normally spaced (42‐inch) rows with each at about its own optimum stand, 12,000 and 16,000 plants per acre, respectively. Wheat interseeded in 72‐inch row spaces at Hessian fly‐safe dates yielded more than when conventionally seeded 2 weeks later, by 2 bushels per acre on well drained soil and by 13 bushels where poor drainage led to winterkilling.
Breeding Methods for Pearl Millet (Pennisetum Glaucum) Indicated by Genetic Variance Component Studies1
Authors: Burton Glenn W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Eighteen populations of pearl millet singlecrosses (818 in all) tested over an 11‐year period varied greatly in the percentage of nonadditive genetic variance exhibited. On the average, 55.9% of their total genetic variance for forage yield was of the nonadditive type.
Influence of Cropping System‐Treatment Combinations and Climatic Factors on Corn Yields in the Blackland Area of Texas1
Authors: Collier J. W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Without irrigation, corn after sweetclover produced higher yields than continuous corn every year but one. Responses to nitrogen were small and inconsistent. Irrigation increased yields but responses to nitrogen occurred only in the continuous corn system. Soil nitrates and leaf nitrogen were generally higher from plots following sweetclover. Maximum yields were negatively correlated with the mean maximum temperatures during the 3‐week period after silking.
Influence of Magnesium, Potassium, and Nitrogen Nutrition on Phosphoenolpyruvate‐Stimulated Carbon Dioxide Fixation1
Authors: Thomas G. W. , Coleman N. T. , Jackson W. A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Homogenates from leaves of sweet potato plants grown in solutions low in K, Mg, and N were found to have a reduced capacity to fix CO2 in the presence of phosphoenolpyruvate. Addition of Mg to the assay restored activity to Mg‐deficient leaves, but addition of K to extracts from K‐deficient leaves did not.
Recovery of the Creeping‐Root Habit in F2 Progenies in Alfalfa1
Authors: Jones Alfred , Hanson C. H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Root proliferations were first noted 10 months after seeding. At 16 months of age, 94% of the creeping‐rooted parents and 2% of the F2 individuals were creeping. The inheritance of the creeping‐root habit was complex with complementary factors indicated. There was a low positive correlation between crown width of F2 families percentage of plants creeping.
Factors Affecting Embryo Development in Crosses of Melilotus officinalis × M. alba1
Authors: Lang R. C. , Gorz H. J.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Highly significant differences in hybrid embryo development were found among M. officinalis plants crossed with M. alba. Hybrid embryo length and width were significantly correlated with seed weight of the maternal parent. Selection for cross‐compatibility among parental plants was effective in producing seedgrown hybrids between M. officinalis and M. alba. Embryo development was markedly influenced by date of pollination but the specific environmental factors responsible were not elucidated. Auxin applications were detrimental to embryo development in most cases.
Pericarp Thickness in Popcorn1
Authors: Richardson D. L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Inheritance of a character for thin pericarp seems relatively simple, with a single major dominant gene for thin pericarp and a modifier complex which induces production of thick pericarp.
The Interaction of Chloride with Sulfate and Phosphate in the Nutrition of Potato Plants (Solanum tuberosum)1
Authors: Corbett E. G. , Gausman H. W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

A highly significant negative correlation existed between Cl in nutrient solution and the uptake of SO4 in the tops of potato plants. Uptake of SO4 by roots was significantly increased by additions of P32 but not by S35 or no radioisotope. Intermediate levels of Cl reduced the uptake of P31 as compared with low and high levels of Cl. Chloride also affected maturity and dry weight relations of potato plants.
Effect of Soil Acidity on Establishment and Growth of Orchardgrass Seedlings in Pot Cultures1
Authors: Sullivan E. F. , Marriott L. F.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Establishment of orchardgrass, as determined by yield of top‐growth, was most rapid at pH 6.7. Herbage quality was improved by the addition of lime to soil testing pH 4.7. Root weights decreased with increasing pH levels above pH 5.3. Pennlate orchardgrass did not become established at pH 4.7; but, the addition of 1 ton of lime per acre (pH 5.3) overcame this adverse condition.
Improvement of Tall Fescue for Palatability by Selection Within Inbred Lines1
Authors: Buckner Robert C. , Fergus E. N.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The data suggest that after three generations of selection, lines become somewhat homozygous for palatability to cattle. Although there was gradual loss in vigor with each generation of inbreeding, a sufficient number of lines were maintained through four generations of selfing to indicate that selection within inbred lines may be used successfully in tall fescue improvement.
The Feasibility of Stockpiling Legume‐Grass Pasturage1
Authors: Mays D. A. , Washko J. B.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Stockpiled pasturage is lower in quality and palatability than that which is produced under rotation grazing management. However, pastures containing a high percentage of birdsfoot trefoil appear to offer some potential for stockpiling until mid‐July in Pennsylvania, Swards containing a high percentage of grass were found to be unsuitable for stockpiling under the conditions of this experiment.
Results of Deep Fertilization and Subsoiling on a Claypan Soil1
Authors: Jamison V. C. , Thornton J. F.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Subsoil shattering alone on Mexico silt loam depressed crop yields. Applications of lime or phosphate to the plow sole before shattering was slightly beneficial, the residual effects for alfalfa lasting several years. Subsoil applications of lime and triple superphosphate in subsoiler clefts or by deep plowing gave significant corn or alfalfa yield increases in some cases. However, if the soil surface was adequately fertilized the increases over surface treatment alone were small and of questionable value.
Germination of Hard Seed of Ladino White Clover1
Authors: Robinson R. R.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Natural reseeding of Ladino white clover may add large quantities of hard seed to the land. Laboratory and field data provide a basis for predicting the probable time of germination of this hard seed under various soil management practices.
Vegetative and Reproductive Growth Response of Three Trifolium Species to 2,4‐D1
Authors: Ormrod D. P. , Williams W. A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Subterranean clover was found to be more tolerant to 2,4‐D than were rose clover and crimson clover, as measured by forage production, seed production, percent normally germinating seedlings from seed of treated plants, and stand in the year following treatment. Rose and crimson clovers were similar in their response to 2,4‐D.
Initial and Residual Effects of Rock Phosphate and Superphosphate1
Authors: Doll E. C. , Miller H. F. , Freeman J. F.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

After 26 and 27 years at the Campbellsville and Greenville experiment fields, respectively, yields of corn, wheat, and hay were generally maintained or increased on superphosphate, rock phosphate, and rock phosphate residual plots, but decreased on superphosphate residual plots. Initial availability of rock phosphate tended to be lower than that of concentrated superphosphate.
Effect of Nitrogen, Sulfur, and Lime on Utilization of Rock Phosphate by Alfalfa1
Authors: Nichols J. D. , Phibbs G. M. , Reed L. W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Nitrogen and sulfur fertilization did not appreciably affect the uptake of phosphorus by alfalfa from rock phosphate. Alfalfa yield increases due to rock phosphate and superphosphate were not significantly different on unlimed soil. But, on limed soil superphosphate was significantly better than rock phosphate.
Rate, Source, Time, and Method of Applying Phosphates for Alfalfa and Legume‐Grass Hay and Pasture1
Authors: Terman G. L. , Doll E. C. , Lutz J. A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Forage yields were higher the first year of harvest after heavy initial broadcast applications of P than after smaller broadcast or topdressed applications. In following years, yields after the initial application only became progressively poorer, as compared to yields after smaller annual topdressings. Time of application affected yields much more than method of application or source of P.
Nicotine and Sugar Contents of Mammoth Flue‐Cured Tobacco Varieties1
Authors: Mann T. J. , Matzinger D. F. , Weybrew J. A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The nicotine contents of the leaves of the last four primings (harvests) from mammoth selections of flue‐cured tobacco were much lower than those of leaves of comparable stalk positions from standard varieties. There was little evidence of a marked dilution of reducing sugars in the cured leaves of the mammoth selections.
Some Effects of Shade upon Corn Hybrids Tolerant and Intolerant of Dense Planting
Authors: Stinson Harry T. , Moss Dale N.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Six corn hybrids tolerant and 5 hybrids intolerant of high populations were tested for their response to a shade environment under conditions of adequate soil moisture and fertility. In shade, the grain yield of the tolerant hybrids as a group was significantly higher than that of the intolerant hybrids. Ear barrenness contributed more to the differential yield response of the tolerant and intolerant hybrids than did reduction in ear weight.
A Comparison of Dehydrated Birdsfoot Trefoil and Alfalfa Meals as Constituents of a Poultry Mash1
Authors: Wood G. M. , Smith R. T.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Dehydrated birdsfoot trefoil meal did not suppress the growth of chicks when included at a low level in a broiler‐starter mash whereas alfalfa at the same level did. A greater proportional growth suppression was obtained at a higher level for the birdsfoot trefoil than for the alfalfa. Analytical assays indicated chemical differences between the two meals.
Effectiveness of Selection Methods for Yield in Soybean Crosses1
Authors: Voigt R. L. , Weber C. R.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

F5 lines selected by a form of early‐generation (F4) testing in 5 soybean crosses were superior yield to those selected by bulk and pedigree methods. The lines selected by the early‐generation method were similar in maturity and height and superior or equal in lodging resistance to those selected by the bulk and pedigree methods of breeding.
Abrasive Action of Windblown Soil on Plant Seedlings1
Authors: Lyles Leon , Woodruff N. P.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Seedlings of El Reno sideoats grama were found to be more tolerant to windblown soil than Blackwell switchgrass, sand lovegrass, and Indiangrass. Buffalo alfalfa seedlings were not as resistant to soil abrasion as the range grasses studied.
Relative Magnitude of Evaporation and Transpiration1
Authors: Peters D. B.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Soil evaporation accounted for as much as 50% of total water use where the soil surface was frequently wet from summer rains. In row crops, sufficient energy reaches the ground surface to account for the observed soil water evaporation. Transpiration varied in only a minor way with soil water supply.
Comparison of the Clipping and Chromogen‐Chromic Oxide Methods for Pasture Evaluation Using Various Forage Mixtures1
Authors: Marten G. C. , Wedin W. F. , Donker J. D.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The chromogen‐chromic oxide method of measuring dry matter consumption by grazing dairy cows was more sensitive than the clipping (mower‐strip) method. Results by clipping were variable and unreliable. The comparison was not directly affected by differing forage mixtures.
The Relationship Between Corn Plant Populations and Smut Infection1
Authors: Wilcoxson Roy D. , Covey R. P.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

In studies made in the field, the percentage of plants or plant parts infected with smut decreased as the plant populations per hill were increased. This was true of both Hays White sweet corn and B164, an inbred dent corn line.
Pink Snowmold on Bentgrass as Affected by Irrigation and Fertilizer1
Authors: Madison John H. , Petersen Lawrence J. , Hodges Thomas K.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The incidence of pink snowmold was, on Highland bentgrass, more frequent on plots previously irrigated daily and in the morning. Turf fertilized with urea‐formaldehyde had more infections than that fertilized with urea. Disease incidence was greater on Seaside bentgrass than on Highland and there was more disease on plots receiving more nitrogen.
Response of Spring Oat Varieties to Different Planting Dates and Soil Fertility Levels1
Authors: Schmidt D. R.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Lowered grain yields due to delayed planting dates were only partially overcome by increased fertilizer rates and use of earlier maturing, disease resisting varieties. Neither varieties nor yields from planting dates responded differentially to fertility levels. There was a differential response of varieties to planting dates and to years.
Effects of Compaction, Depth of Planting, and Soil Moisture Tension on Seedling Emergence of Alfalfa1
Authors: Triplett Glover B. , Tesar Milo B.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

With no irrigation following seeding, moisture conditions near the seed and initial emergence of alfalfa seedlings were improved progressively by increasing planting depths from 0 to 1 inch and soll compaction from 0 to 12 psi. When ½ inch of irrigation was applied after seeding, maximum average emergence was obtained from the ½‐inch planting depth with a soil compaction of either 6 or 12 psi. Compaction was less beneficlal to emergence as planting depth increased beyond ¼ inch, especially when irrigation followed planting.
Growth and Fruiting of Compact and Hy Normal Corn Types Under a High Population Stress1
Authors: Sowell W. F. , Ohlrogge A. J. , Nelson O. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The ability of plants of the maize mutant, compact, to produce grain under conditions of population stress is due to the termination of vegetative growth at an earlier stage of plant development than in normal plants. The compact plants are then supporting only the reproductive functions at a time when normal plants are attempting to support both the reproductive functions and a high rate of vegetative growth.
Correlations between Digestibility and Chemical Constituents of Selected Grass Varieties1
Authors: Sosulski F. W. , Patterson J. K.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The relationship of the proximate analysis and lignin content of some forage grasses to apparent digestibility and rate of consumption by sheep was determined statistically. For the prediction of apparent digestibility of orchardgrass strains, it is recommended that a regression equation of digestibility of energy on lignin content be used. A multiple regression of digestibility of energy on lignin and protein content proved to be the best prediction of apparent digestibility for species and genera comparisons.
Crop Response to Fertilizers Varying in Solubility of the Phosphorus, as Affected by Rate, Placement and Seasonal Environment1
Authors: Terman G. L. , DeMent J. D. , Engelstad O. P.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Response by corn, millet, oats, and wheat grown in greenhouse pots increased in a similar manner at all seasons of the year with increase in water‐soluble P content of applied phosphate fertilizers.
Effect of Rates and Methods of Seeding on the Original Stand, Tillering, Stem Diameter, Leaf‐Stem Ratio, and Yield of Sudangrass1
Authors: Burger A. W. , Campbell W. F.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Drilled sudangrass produced higher original stand counts, smaller original stem diameter, and more herbage than when seeded broadcast. More tillering, smaller tiller stem diameters, and lower leaf‐stem ratios of drilled compared to broadcast sudangrass in the first harvests were not sustained into the later harvests. Row width or seeding rate had no significant effect on herbage yields.
Wheatgrass Variety Performance on Summer Rangeland in Northeastern California
Authors: Cornelius Donald R. , Williams Duncan E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Agropyron tricophorum, A. intermedium, and A. elongatum appeared better adapted to the area than species in the crested wheatgrass complex.
Factors Affecting Seedling Emergence of Blackwell Switchgrass1
Authors: Hudspeth E. B. , Taylor H. M.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Switchgrass seedlings emerged from 3 ¼ inch depth of loose soil. However, when compaction pressure or surface slaking caused drying soil to develop considerable rigidity, emergence was hindered. With static medium to high available‐moisture levels, pressures of 1 psi on loose soil caused significantly greater emergence than no pressure. Greatest emergence through a depth of ½ inch of loose soil occurred at about ⅓ atmosphere soil moisture tension.
Preinoculated Alfalfa Seed1
Authors: Hofer Alvin W. , Crosier Willard F.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Four‐week‐old alfalfa plants, inoculated or preinoculated by the “Noculized” or “Vicoated” processes, were often killed by fungi of the genus Fusarium. These organisms were seedborne and were most common on plants grown from preinoculated seed. Seedling infection was reduced by the seed protectants, captan and thiram, which did not affect nodulation.
Influence of Arsenic Applied to the Growth Media on the Arsenic Content of Flue‐Cured Tobacco1
Authors: Small H. G. , McCants C. B.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The concentration of As in the cured leaf of field‐grown flue‐cured tobacco varied from 2 ppm where no As was applied to the soil to 14.3 ppm where the rate of application was 48 pounds As per acre (288 pounds lead arsenate). The highest concentration was in leaves from plants grown on the sandier soils and decreased as the clay and iron content of the soil increased. The As content of the aerial portion was considerably lower than that of roots of plants grown in sand cultures containing soluble As.
A Method for Incorporating Soil Test Measurements Into Fertilizer Response Functions1
Authors: Brown William G. , Jackson T. L. , Petersen Roger G.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

A method for estimating the proportional equivalence of an applied nutrient to the corresponding nutrient existing in the soil is presented. If soil tests are made both before and after nutrient application, the proposed method can be used and promises to be direct and effective. An application of the method to lime and alfalfa experimental data is presented. Possibilities and implications of the procedure with regard to fertilizer recommendations are briefly discussed.
Soil Aeration and Plant Root Relations II. Root Respiration1
Authors: Lemon E. R. , Wiegand C. L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

This paper takes up in detail the various factors that influence the oxygen “demand” characteristics of plant roots. Emphasis is given to those root parameters needed in a theoretical model developed for roots growing in soil.
Genetic Measurements of Protein in the Grain of Triticum Aestivum L1
Authors: Haunold Alfred , Johnson V. A. , Schmidt J. W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Mean grain protein of F2 plants and F3 lines was intermediate to the parental varieties. Multigenic control of protein level was indicated. Heritability estimates of grain protein as high as 0.65 were obtained.
Molybdenum Content of Peanut Leaves and Kernels as Affected by Soil pH and Added Molybdenum1
Authors: Welch L. F. , Anderson O. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The molybdenum content of peanut leaves and kernels increased with an increase in soil pH and added molybdenum.
Effects of Soil Reaction, Clipping Height, and Nitrogen Fertilization on the Productivity of Kentucky Bluegrass Sod Transplants in Pot Culture1
Authors: Sullivan E. F.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Kentucky bluegrass sod produced higher yields of top‐growth at pH 6.2 than at pH 5.1. The ½‐inch clipping height gave lower yields than the 2‐inch clipping height, particularly at pH 5.1. Each increment of nitrogen fertilizer increased top‐growth.
Performances of Six Grass Species under Different Irrigation and Nitrogen Treatments1
Authors: Cooper Clee S. , Klages Murray G. , Schulz‐Schaeffer Jurgen
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Grass species varied in response to N, particularly at high rates of application. Species response to irrigation was similar, except for orchardgrass, which was adversely affected by low irrigation levels in 1959 and consequently showed the greatest response to irrigation treatment. Neither irrigation nor nitrogen affected the characteristic yield decline of species in mid‐ and late season. Decreases in yields of species as stands aged varied among species and were greater at low than at high irrigation and nitrogen levels.
Germination of Crested Wheatgrass in Salinized Soil1
Authors: Dewey Douglas R.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Percent germination was decreased and germination time increased as salinity was increased. Strains differed in ability to germinate in salinized soil. Progenies selected under high salinity levels produced seed more tolerant to salinity than unselected seed.
Nutrient Uptake by Rice Plant and Its Effect on Yield1
Authors: Basak Megh Nath
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Dry matter synthesis and nitrogen and phosphate uptake by rice plant in field culture were highly correlated with grain yield. During intermediate stages of plant development, however, these functions showed steady progress in some centers and different degrees of interruption in some others. The interruptions caused losses in grain yield and were attributable to physiological consequences of lodging.
Effects of Saline Water from Hurricane “Audrey” on Soils
Authors: Clark Henry L. , Juve R. L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Inundation by salt water from Hurricane “Audrey” strongly affected the salinity of most soils. Salt marsh range soils and permeable ridge soils were least affected. Fresh marsh soils and slowly permeable ridge soils were most affected. The storm‐caused salinity decreased significantly for 14 months where the soils were not subject to salt water tides. Prestorm level of production of vegetation on areas studied was reached within two growing seasons.
Effect of Various Methods of Seedbed Preparation and Cultivation on Yields of Corn Grown Following Rye1
Authors: Beaty E. R. , Giddens Joel
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Plowing a seedbed for corn following rye as a cover crop did not significantly increase corn yields over disking or seeding corn and mulching with rye. Removing rye before seeding corn or allowing the rye to grow after corn seeding ,significantly reduced corn yields. Controlling weeds with a hoe was as effective as cultivation and both were superior to no weed control.
Effect of Nitrogen on Phosphorus Absorption by Corn1
Authors: Bennett William F. , Pesek John , Hanway John
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Observed effects of increased P content over part of the range of N fertilization seemed best explained by physiological changes in the plant arising from increased N uptake as factors leading to other explanations were inoperative in this study.
Effects of Fall‐Applied Nitrogen Fertilizer and Winter Rainfall on Yield of Wheat1
Authors: Doll E. C.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Yields of wheat were lower in 4 of 7 experiments for fall application of N than for topdressings in the spring. In 3 long‐time rotation experiments, 20 to 23% of the deviations of yields from the linear regression of yields on years could be attributed to winter rainfall. These results indicate that the major portion of N for wheat should be topdressed in the spring under Kentucky climatic conditions.
An Evaluation of Seed‐Yield Potential of Completely Male‐sterile Cotton in Areas of High and Low Natural Cross‐pollination1
Authors: Kohel R. J. , Richmond T. R.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Natural crossing influenced the time of boll set, number of bolls, number of seeds per boll, and total number of seeds produced on male‐sterile cotton plants. Estimates of natural crossing were available from material.
Effects of Compaction on Physical Properties of Sand‐Soil‐Peat Mixtures at Various Moisture Contents1
Authors: Swartz Walter E. , Kardos Louis T.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Eight soils in sand‐soil‐peat mixtures reacted differently to compaction as reflected in percolation rates and aeration porosity. Generally, if the mixtures contained 50% or less total sand, compaction at high moisture contents resulted in inadequate percolation rates. Mixtures containing 70% total sand maintained adequate percolation rates under compaction but the average available moisture content of such mixtures was only 1.2 inches per foot of depth.
Maintenance of Nitrogen in a Brunizem Soil of Eastern Nebraska1
Authors: Sander D. H. , Chesnin Leon , Rhoades H. F. , McGill D. P. , Colville W. L. , Lyness W. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Effects of previous cropping systems and nitrogen fertilization on soil nitrogen maintenance were of a relatively low order. Results indicated that the soil nitrogen was in equilibrium with the environment.
Effects of Tempearture on S35 Uptake and Translocation by Rose and Subterranean Clovers1
Authors: McKell Cyrus M. , Wilson Alma M.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Subterranean and rose clovers were fertilized with S35 labeled S at 3 rates and grown in growth chambers at 50, 60, and 70° F. Radio‐analysis of tops and roots indicated an increase in S concentration in tops with increasing temperature but a decrease of S concentration in roots from 60 to 70° F. On a dry matter basis subterranean clover exceeded rose clover in the total uptake of S.
Response of Orchardgrass to Potassium and Nitrogen Fertilization on a Wickham Silt Loam1
Authors: Kresge C. B. , Younts S. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Annual application of 200 pounds of N and 83 pounds of K per acre resulted in the highest orchardgrass yields and best recovery of N, P, and K by the plant. The K level in the plant at which yields fell below the maximum was positively related to the rate of N applied.
Evaluation of Calcined Magnesite as a Source of Magnesium for Plants1
Authors: Wolf Benjamin
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Calcined magnesite, testing approximately 90% MgO, was a good source of Mg for beans. A coarse agricultural grade was as satisfactory as a fine grade.
A Comparison of Two Established Fecal Index Systems for Estimating the Digestibility and Consumption of Forages by Grazing Dairy Cattle1
Authors: Marten G. C. , Wedin W. F. , Donker J. D.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Estimates of organic matter digestibility of pastured forages, derived from the fecal chromogen and nitrogen indicator methods, were highly correlated and equally sensitive when prediction equations developed by other workers were utilized. However, the nitrogen method consistently indicated higher forage digestibility. When the TDN requirement of lactating dairy cows was used as a standard, intake of digestible organic matter estimated by the nitrogen‐chromic oxide method was more reliable than intake estimated by the chromogen‐chromic oxide method.
A Collaborative Study of the Ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) Method for Rating Agricultural Limestones. II. Relationship of Ratings and of Calcium Carbonate Content of Limestones to Their Reactivity in the Soil1
Authors: Whittaker Colin W. , Axley J. H. , Peech Michael , Steckel J. E. , McLean E. O. , Hunter Albert S.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Rates of reaction of representative agricultural limestones in various soils were highly correlated with reactivity as measured by reaction with the di‐ or trisodium salts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid under standardized conditions, and with the calcium carbonate content of the limestones. The trisodium salt seemed superior as a rating reagent but none of the three reactivity indices accounted for all the variation in reactivity of the limestones in the soil.
Plant Sources of Cellulase for Testing Cellulase Inhibitors in Forages1
Authors: Burns Robert E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Alfalfa and bermudagrass are excellent sources of cellulase for use in screening forage plants for the presence of cellulase inhibitors, which may reduce forage quality.
Use of Plastic Soil Covers in Sweet Corn Production1
Authors: Miller D. E. , Bunger Wm. C.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Early emergence and development of sweet corn was encouraged by covering the seed row with clear plastic strips. Plants growing through clear, perforated strips developed more rapidly and were ready to harvest one week earlier than those on bare soil.
An Outdoor Gravel Culture Set‐Up for Plant Growth Studies1
Authors: Barker Allen V. , Bradfield Richard
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

It was possible to obtain corn yields which doubled those in nearby field plots. Better water and air supplies are believed to be the primary factors accounting for the yield differences. The study indicates that light may become a limiting factor when fertility conditions are made optimum. The hydroponic technique has potential in revealing deficiencies of the soil environment and for studying the effects of climate on crops growing under natural field conditions.
Effects of Soil and Soil Moisture Levels on Cold‐Test Germination of Corn1
Authors: Hooks J. A. , Zuber M. S.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Soils from fields cropped continuously to corn gave lower germination results than soil from a field in rotation or soil which had never been planted to corn. Germination was reduced considerably in soil sampled after one year of corn production and indicated that crop rotation would help in preventing this reduction.
A Chlorophyll Index to Measure Turfgrass Response1
Authors: Madison John H. , Andersen Aage H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The chlorophyll content is expressed as mg. per dm.2 of land and this is termed a chlorophyll index (CI). The CI correlates with visual turf ratings, responds to fertilizer, but when nitrogen levels are adequate it is little responsive to mowing, irrigation, or shading practices.
Investigations of High‐Population Corn for Forage and Green Manure1
Authors: Mishra M. N. , Pendleton J. W. , Mulvaney D. L. , Johnson P. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Two crops a year or a single crop of highpopulation corn (200,000 plants per acre) provided more pounds of dry forage and protein than conventional population corn, but had poor silage characteristics. High population corn crops incorporated in the soil as green manure afforded high yields of corn grain the succeeding two years, but did not surpass the conventional practice of interseeding spring oats with a legume.
Behavior of Artificially Deteriorated Cottonseed after Various Storage Periods1
Authors: Bollenbacher Katharina , Fulton N. D. , McCutchen B. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Germination rates usually increased during the first few months but dropped to pre‐storage levels by the end of 5 months. Deteriorated seeds declined in speed of germination at below‐optimum temperature and the decline began sooner in the more severely deteriorated seeds. Speed of germination was reduced in “ginrun” Rex seeds, but not in unweathered M8948 seeds. Moisture content of deteriorated seeds dropped to the pre‐deterioration level by the end of the first month and varied only slightly during the remaining 4 months.
Effect of Variously Soluble Potassium Fertilizers on Yield and Composition of Some Crop Plants1
Authors: Caldwell A. C. , Kline J. R.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Slowly soluble K fertilizers did not restrict luxury consumption of K by plants when used at practical rates. Less salt damage to flax seedlings occurred from the use of slowly soluble K fertilizers than from KCl.
Comparison of Methods of Evaluating Relative Maturity in Grain Sorghum Hybrids1
Authors: Warnes Dennis D.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Percent of grain moisture in ripening grain sorghum hybrids and average number of days from planting to one‐half bloom were highly correlated, but correlations were lower at successive sampling dates as the crop approached maturity. A low correlation was observed when grain moisture and days from planting to bloom were compared within a single maturity group. Days to one‐half bloom are a general indication of relative maturity of sorghum hybrids, but differential drying and filling rates are also important in determining relative harvest maturities.
An Agronomically Useful Three‐Factor Response Surface Design Based on Dodecahedron Symmetry1
Authors: Hermanson H. P. , Gates C. E. , Chapman J. W. , Farnham R. S.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

This design allows application of 3 quantitative independent variables at 7 preselected levels each and the fitting of a second degree polynomial to the quantitative dependent variable data. Thirty plots per replicate can be divided into 5 equal sized blocks of 6 plots. An estimate of error with five degrees of freedom is available within each replicate. This design has proven practical for soil fertility field experimentation and an example of this application is given.
Stand Establishment and Yield of Grain Sorghum as Affected by Method of Planting and Use of Press Wheels1
Authors: Stickler F. C.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Highest grain yields were obtained with a 2.5‐inch seed spacing. Where surface moisture availability was low, a small lister opener gave best stand establishment. Under favorable conditions, a tool‐bar, unit type planter was best. In 1961 and 1962, press wheels increased stands by 14%, and yield by 8%.
Influence of a Barley Companion Crop Upon Root Distribution of Alfalfa, Birdsfoot Trefoil, and Orchardgrass1
Authors: Cooper Clee S. , Ferguson Hayden
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Vertical and lateral root growth of all three species was reduced when they were established with a companion crop. The companion crop was most deleterious to root growth of birdsfoot trefoil. Barley was able to compete with forage seedlings for moisture and nutrients early in the establishment period due to rapid root growth. Soil moisture and temperature were lower under the barley crop. Mature barley intercepted 89% of the incident light in early morning and 22% at noon.
A Preliminary Study on the Nature of a Zinc Deficiency in Field Beans a1s Determined by Radioactive Zinc1
Authors: DeRemer E. Dale , Smith R. L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

A zinc deficiency was found to be caused by inactivation of soil zinc by decomposing organic matter. Zinc was found to increase in the acid extractable and H202 extractable fractions of the soil and to decrease in the water extractable and exchangeable portions as length of incubation time of the added organic material and soil increased from 6 to 12 weeks.
Bromegrass Response to Fall and Spring Applications of Three Rates of Phosphorus and Potassium in Alaska1
Authors: Laughlin Winston M.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Each phosphorus increment increased bromegrass yields only in 1959. Potassium increased yields in 1959 and 1960. Fall applications of both phosphorus and potassium were as effective as spring applications.
Application of Game Theoretic Models to Agricultural Decision Making1
Authors: Walker Odell L. , Heady Earl O. , Pesek John T.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

A brief description is given of four game theoretic models for decision making under uncertainty, and their implications and application discussed. These concepts are then utilized to obtain solutions to a problem of selecting oats varieties for northeastern Iowa on the basis of several years of yield data.
Effect of Water Solubility and Granule Size of Phosphorus Fertilizers on Alfalfa Grown in a Calcareous Soil1
Authors: Romsdal S. D. , Schmehl W. R.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Yield and P uptake were increased by increasing the water solubility or decreasing the granule size of the fertilizers. There was a water‐solubility × granule‐size interaction but solubility had little influence on yields with the 40‐mesh or smaller materials. The effectiveness of fertilizers having 47% or more solubility tended to be independent of size. The influence of solubility on yield and P uptake was reduced with successive cuttings or by incubating the soil‐fertilizer system before cropping.
Row Spacing and Plant Population for Grain Sorghum in the Humid North1
Authors: Robinson R. G. , Bernat L. A. , Nelson W. W. , Thompson R. L. , Thompson J. R.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

A linear trend for increased yield occurred as rows narrowed fom 40 to 10 inches. Population had little effect on yield, but panic1,e moisture decreased as population increased. Two components of yield—panicles per acre and seeds per panicle—increased with narrow row spacings whereas the third component—seed weight—decreased.
Zinc Content of Coastal Bermudagrass as Influenced by Frequency and Season of Harvest, Location, and Level of N and Lime1
Authors: Miller W. J. , Adams W. E. , Nussbaumer Rosa , McCreery R. A. , Perkins H. F.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Zinc content of Coastal bermudagrass grown on a Coastal plain soil was not affected by either frequency or season of harvest. Percentage of zinc in forage grown on a Piedmont soil was decreased by a very high level of lime and increased by high levels of N fertilization. There was an inverse relationship between zinc content of forage and soil pH.
Effects of Fertilizers on the Growth of Grass and Its Use by Deer in the Black Hills of South Dakota1
Authors: Thomas J. R. , Cosper H. R. , Bever W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The application of N fertilizer to grass resulted in an increase in yield and in the percentage of N, P, Ca, and K. Lime additions increased uptake of Ca and N. Deer preferred grass higher in nutritional value.
Chemical Dessication of Castorbeans in the Southeast1
Authors: Culp Thomas W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Chemical desiccation and early harvesting may be a method of producing a profitable crop of castorbeans in areas where diseases destroy the capsules late in the growing season.
Copper‐Lime Interactions in Field Experiments with Wheat: Yield and Chemical Composition Data1
Authors: Younts S. E. , Patterson Robert P.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Copper concentration in wheat plants was not increased by copper additions to the soil but was lowered when a high organic matter soil was limed above pH 5.1. Manganese concentration was increased by low rates of copper and decreased by high rates. Liming also lowered manganese concentration. Wheat yields were increased by both copper and lime but yield responses to copper were better in the absence than in the presence of lime treatment.
Variations in Protein Levels in Kansas Sorghum Grain1
Authors: Miller G. D. , Deyoe C. W. , Walter T. L. , Smith F. W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Grain sorghum protein levels were found to vary from 6.6 to 12.8% in 1961 and from 5.9 to 12.1% in 1962. Significant differences were found due to location and hybrids. Fertilization resulted in both increased yields and increased protein level.
Growth, Yield, and Composition of Onion, Barley, and Potato Plants as Affected by Phosphorus and Ammoniacal Nitrogen Fertilization1
Authors: Timm Herman , Riekels Jerald W.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Onion, barley, and potato plant growth was enhanced by P fertilization of a P‐deficient soil under greenhouse conditions. Variable response in growth was found, due to the source of ammoniacal nitrogen, and was in part attributable to anion competition and to the presence and severity of a minor element disorder thereby induced. The existence of anion competition and a species response difference were demonstrated by the lower P, S, and N uptake by plants in the presence of Cl from NH4Cl.
Seed Dormancy in Green Needlegrass1
Authors: Wiesner Loren E. , Kinch R. C.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Dormancy was present in seeds harvested at all stages of maturity. The tetrazolium viability test gave an accurate measure of the germination potential of a seed lot. A laboratory germination procedure was developed which induced practically complete germination and equaled tetrazolium readings.
Influence of Soil Moisture on Leaf Color and Foliage Volume of Beans Grown under Greenhouse Conditions1
Authors: Burman R. D. , Painter L. I.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The color of small new bean leaves was observed to change with increasing soil‐moisture tension. The character of the color change was different for various stages of growth and was greatest when the plants were in the seedling stage. Plant growth‐rate as indicated by the measurement of foliage volume of intact plants was depressed as soil‐moisture diminished and leaf color became darker.
Effects of Presoaking, Moisture Tension, and Soil Salinity on the Emergence of Grain Sorghum1
Authors: Lyles Leon , Fanning Carl D.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Presoaking increased emergence of RS610 grain sorghum slightly (maximum 26%) where the soil moisture tension exceeded 1/3 atm. and salt concentrations did not exceed 10 mmhos./cm. Critical total soil moisture stress for the variety studied was about 8 atms. Increasing moisture tension and/or soil salinity increased emergence time and decreased total emergence.
Pans in Southern Great Plains Soils: III. Their Effects on Yield of Cotton and Grain Sorghum1
Authors: Taylor H. M. , Locke L. F. , Box J. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Growth rate and yield were drastically reduced as soil pan strengths increased to 25 bars, but further increases did not reduce yields.
Flooding Tolerance of Annual Clovers1
Authors: Hoveland C. S. , Webster H. L.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Ball and white clovers were the most tolerant of flooding, crimson and arrowleaf were least tolerant, and berseem intermediate. Herbage yields of ball and white clovers flooded 3 days in 10 during a 3‐month period were not different than those on well‐drained soil.
Effect of Nitrogen and Irrigation on Yield and Botanical Composition1 of Western Montana Range1
Authors: Klages M. G. , Ryerson D. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Fertilizer and water treatments were applied to native range for three years. During this time both treatments increased yield but did not affect botanical composition. After two dry years, the residual effects of both treatments changed botanical composition, resulting in reduced yield from water and an increase in undesirable species from fertilizer.
Effects of Rates of Seeding and Row Widths on Grain Sorghum Grown Under Dryland Conditions1
Authors: Mann H. O.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Seeding rates in excess of 4 pounds per acre generally reduced grain sorghum yields under dryland conditions in southeastern Colorado. The RS 610 hybrid yielded highest at the 2‐pound seeding rate. Grain yields from 21‐inch and 42‐inch row spacings were not significantly different when the same amount of seed per acre was planted. Plant populations apparently have more effect on yield than do row spacings.
Winter Barley Survival in Chloropicrin‐Treated and N‐Fertilized Soil1
Authors: Price P. B. , Pederson V. D.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Winter survival of Kearny and Chase winter barley on summer‐fallowed field plots was increased by (1) preplant application of chloropicrin and by (2) combined preplant application of chloropicrin and N‐fertilizer. The increase in survival from (2) was greater than from (1). The precise nature of the beneficial effects of these treatments was not determined.
The Growth and Yield of Corn. I. Microclimatic Effects on the Growth Rate1
Authors: Ragland J. L. , Hatfield A. L. , Benoit G. R.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Corn was planted at 3 dates and grown in a well‐defined environment. The rates of growth, obtained by serial samplings, were correlated with various microclimatic factors. Leaf area increases of irrigated corn were positively correlated with temperature and relative humidity. Ear growth rates were positively correlated with tempertaures, solar radiation, and water evaporation. Throughout the study plant‐to‐plant variability tended to obscure the growth rate‐climate relationships. Methods of minimising this problem are described.
Broadleaved Weed Control in Turf1
Authors: Bingham S. W. , Schmidt R. E.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Dicamba at 1/2 pound per acre gave effective control of white clover, curly dock, and chicory. At 1 pound per acre dicamba was effective for control of dandelion and chickweed in bluegrass lawns. Bentgrass turf was tolerant to 1/2 pound per acre rates while bluegrass was unaffected at 2 pounds per acre. Substituted oleyl amines of 2,4‐D, 2,4,5‐T, and silvex gave comparable control of broadleaved weeds as dimethylamine salt formulations of these herbicides.
Earth Science Curriculum in the High School1
Authors: Foth H. D. , Jacobs H. S.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

The Earth Science Curriculum Project was initiated in 1962 by the American Geological Institute and supported by funds from the National Science Foundation. Soil scientists have participated in planning and writing conferences and will have opportunities to serve ESCP, as well as their own profession, by participating in earth science teacher training institutes, teacher certification programs, and graduate education.
Effect of Potassium on Morphology and Lodging of Corn1
Authors: Liebhardt William C. , Murdock John T.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Two types of lodging, root lodging and stalk breakage, were observed in potassium‐deficient plants. Root lodging resulted from a small brace root system and subsequent breakdown of parenchyma cells in the brace root. Stalk breakage resulted from parenchyma disintegration in the lower portion of the stalk. This breakdown is illustrated by a series of photomicrographs.
Effect of Stand on the Performance of a Prolific and a Nonprolific Double‐Cross Corn (Zea mays L.) Hybrid1
Authors: Crews J. W. , Fleming A. A.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Yields of ‘Pfister 653W’ (2‐eared) and ‘Tenn. 90’ (1‐eared) hybrids were significantly,lower the 73% stand level than the 100% check. The yields at this level were 85 and 86% of the full‐stand checks. With a significant increase in ear size, plants of the 2‐eared hybrid had a greater increase in yield than plants of the 1‐eared hybrid as space per plant increased.
Effect of Nitrogen and Green Manures on Corn Yield and Properties of a Cecil Soil1
Authors: Giddens Joel , Arsjad Sitanala , Rogers T. H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Nitrogen applied directly to corn was more effective than applying to rye green manure preceding corn for a 6‐year period. Rye green manure fertilized with nitrogen increased soil organic matter, soil nitrogen, and soil microorganisms including lesion nematodes and improved soil physical properties but did not increase yield.
Tetrazolium Test for Predicting Cold Test Performance of Seed Corn1
Authors: Moore R. P. , Goodsell S. F.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Tetrazolium staining evaluation of internal seed structures were used successfully (r = 0.96) to predict cold test performance of 92 commercially processed and treated lots of corn. Germination percentages ranged from 89 to 100, and cold test values ranged from 38 to 95%.
Turfgrass Renovation by Deep Aerification1
Authors: Morgan Wayne C. , Letey J. , Stolzy L. H.
Published: July 2010

Synopsis

Deep aerification (drilling 1‐inch diameter holes 6 inches deep on 3‐inch centers and backfilling with suitable porous growth medium) increased turf vigor and water intake rate on an established green with compacted soil. Root growth was extensive in holes but very few roots grew in undisturbed compact soil. Oxygen diffusion rates were very low in the compact soil.