bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A novel user clustering and efficient resource allocation in non-orthogonal mutliple access for IoT networks
Authors: Hamedoon Syed Muhammad , Chattha Jawwad Nasar , Bilal Muhammad
Published: September 2024

Optimal resource allocation is crucial for 5G and beyond networks, especially when connecting numerous IoT devices. In this paper, user clustering and power allocation challenges in the downlink of a multi-carrier NOMA system are investigated, with sum rate as the optimization objective. The paper presents an iterative optimization process, starting with user clustering followed by power allocation of the users. Although the simultaneous transmission for multiple users achieves high system throughput in NOMA, it leads to more energy consumption, which is limited by the battery capacity of IoT devices. Enhancing energy efficiency by considering the QoS requirement is a primary challenge in NOMA-enabled IoT devices. Currently, fixed user clustering techniques are proposed without considering the diversity and heterogeneity of channels, leading to poor throughput performance. The proposed user clustering technique is based on the partial brute force search (P-BFS) method, which reduces complexity compared to the traditional exhaustive search method. After the user clustering, we performed optimal power allocation using the Lagrangian multiplier method with Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) optimal conditions for each user assigned to a subchannel in each cluster. Lastly, a deep neural network (DNN) based proposed P-BFS scheme is used to reduce resource allocation’s complexity further. The simulation results show a significant improvement in the sum rate of the network.
How childhood psychological abuse affects adolescent cyberbullying: The chain mediating role of self-efficacy and psychological resilience
Authors: Ying Haihua , Han Yang
Published: September 2024

Background

Despite the recognition of the impact of childhood psychological abuse, self-efficacy, and psychological resilience on cyberbullying, there is still a gap in understanding the specific mechanisms through which childhood psychological abuse impacts cyberbullying via self-efficacy and psychological resilience.

Methods

Based on the Social Cognitive Theory, this study aims to investigate the link between childhood psychological abuse and cyberbullying in adolescents, mediated by the sequential roles of self-efficacy and psychological resilience. The sample consisted of 891 students (M = 15.40, SD = 1.698) selected from four public secondary schools in Jiangsu Province, Eastern China. All the participants filled in the structured self-report questionnaires on childhood psychological abuse, self-efficacy, psychological resilience, and cyberbullying. The data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0 and structural equation modeling (SEM) in AMOS 24.0.

Results

The findings of this study are as follows: (1) Childhood psychological abuse is positively associated with adolescent cyberbullying; (2) Self-efficacy plays a mediating role between childhood psychological abuse and adolescent cyberbullying; (3) Psychological resilience plays a mediating role between childhood psychological abuse and adolescent cyberbullying; (4) Self-efficacy and psychological resilience play a chain mediation role between childhood psychological abuse and adolescent cyberbullying.

Conclusion

This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms linking childhood psychological abuse to adolescent cyberbullying, shedding light on potential pathways for targeted interventions and support programs to promote the well-being of adolescents in the face of early adversity.
Opting out of Medicare: Characteristics and differences between optometrists and ophthalmologists
Authors: Maywood Michael J. , Ahmed Harris , Parikh Ravi , Begaj Tedi
Published: September 2024

Objective

To determine the rate of Medicare opt-out among optometrists and ophthalmologists and to contrast the differences in the characteristics and geographic distribution of these populations.

Design

A retrospective cross-sectional study.

Setting

Using a publicly available Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) data set, we collated data for ophthalmologists and optometrists who opted out in each year between 2005 and 2023. We calculated the rate of opt-out annually in each year window and cumulatively from 2005 to 2023. Comparative analysis was used to identify clinician characteristics associated with opt-out.

Main outcomes and measures

Both annual and cumulative rate of ophthalmologist and optometrist opt-out from Medicare.

Results

The estimated prevalence of Medicare opt-outs was 0.52% (77/14,807) for ophthalmologists and 0.38% (154/40,526) for optometrists. Ophthalmologists opting out were predominantly male (67.5%), had a longer practice duration (average 31.8 years), and were more often located in urban areas (83.1%), compared to optometrists (53.2% male, average 19.6 years in practice, 59.1% in urban areas, p = 0.04, p<0.001, p<0.001 respectively). Approximately 83% of ophthalmologists were either anterior segment or oculoplastics specialties, while the majority (52.1%) of optometrists were in optometry-only practices; >75% of identified clinicians were in private practice. Geographical distribution across the US showed variable opt-out rates, with the top 3 states including Oklahoma (3.4%), Arizona (2.1%), and Kansas (1.6%) for ophthalmology and Idaho (4.3%), Montana (3.1%), and Wyoming (1.4%) for optometry.

Conclusions and relevance

Few ophthalmologists and optometrists opt-out of Medicare but this trend has significantly increased since 2012. Of those who disenrolled from Medicare, 83% of ophthalmologists were in urbanized areas while 41% of optometrists were in non-urbanized areas. Because reasons for Medicare opt-out cannot be solely determined by administrative data, further investigation is warranted given the potential impact on healthcare accessibility.
Health professionals’ attitudes towards traditional healing for mental illness: A systematic review protocol
Authors: Wollie Alemayehu Molla , Usher Kim , Maharaj Reshin , Islam Md Shahidul
Published: September 2024

Background

Mental illness is a global problem that receives less attention, particularly in developing countries. Integrating modern treatment with traditional healing approaches has been proposed as one way to address mental health problems, especially in developing countries. Despite health professionals’ participation in traditional healing being crucial to integrative approaches, their participation is limited to date. This review protocol is designed to explore the attitudes of health professionals towards traditional healing practices in mental health services.

Methods

The review will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Searching databases, including PubMed/Medline, PsychINFO, EMBASE, Scopus, and the Web of sciences will be conducted. Additionally, Google and Google Scholar will be searched for other information, including grey literature. Moreover, a manual search of identified articles’ reference lists will also be conducted to help ensure all potential papers are included in the review. Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed study methods published in English between January 2014 and April 2024 will be included. The qualities of the included studies will be assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) Version 2018. A mixed-method synthesis will be used to synthesis the results.

Discussion

It is crucial for healthcare professionals to provide culturally sensitive care to empower people to manage their health. This systematic review will summarize the attitudes of health professionals towards the adoption and delivery of traditional healing approaches to people experiencing mental illness. Therefore, the findings of this review will support integration between traditional healers and modern mental health practitioners for the treatment of mental illness.

Trial registration

Protocol registration number: CRD42024535136.
Medically unexplained symptoms and experiences with healthcare among emerging adults exposed to multiple types of potentially traumatic events
Authors: Obenauf Caterina , Owens Gina P. , DeHart Sam
Published: September 2024

Experiencing multiple types of traumatic events can increase the risk of developing somatic and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). Medically unexplained symptoms (MUS), or somatic symptoms that lack a distinct medical explanation, often coexist with PTSS in emerging adults and may be due to common underlying mechanisms. Coping strategies have been associated with PTSS, but have not been studied in trauma-exposed individuals with MUS. The current study examined the relationship between the number of types of potentially traumatic events experienced and MUS among emerging adults, considering the influence of PTSS and engagement and disengagement coping. A sample of 363 emerging adults (Mean = 18.91) completed self-report measures of trauma history, PTSS, MUS, experiences with healthcare providers, and coping strategies. Dissatisfaction with healthcare providers was reported by 11.3% of participants reporting MUS, with over half (52.8%) feeling their concerns were dismissed. Hierarchical linear regression showed that the number of types of traumatic events experienced did not predict MUS after accounting for PTSS. Moderation hypotheses linking traumatic events and coping strategies were not supported. Results suggest that PTSS explains the relationship between exposure to different traumatic events and MUS. Findings may have diagnostic and treatment implications for healthcare providers working with emerging adults who have experienced trauma.
Lactobacillus gasseri ATCC33323 affects the intestinal mucosal barrier to ameliorate DSS-induced colitis through the NR1I3-mediated regulation of E-cadherin
Authors: Qian Guanru , Zang Hui , Tang Jingtong , Zhang Hao , Yu Jiankang , Jia Huibiao , Zhang Xinzhuang , Zhou Jianping
Published: September 2024

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immune system disorder primarily characterized by colitis, the exact etiology of which remains unclear. Traditional treatment approaches currently yield limited efficacy and are associated with significant side effects. Extensive research has indicated the potent therapeutic effects of probiotics, particularly Lactobacillus strains, in managing colitis. However, the mechanisms through which Lactobacillus strains ameliorate colitis require further exploration. In our study, we selected Lactobacillus gasseri ATCC33323 from the intestinal microbiota to elucidate the specific mechanisms involved in modulation of colitis. Experimental findings in a DSS-induced colitis mouse model revealed that L. gasseri ATCC33323 significantly improved physiological damage in colitic mice, reduced the severity of colonic inflammation, decreased the production of inflammatory factors, and preserved the integrity of the intestinal epithelial structure and function. It also maintained the expression and localization of adhesive proteins while improving intestinal barrier permeability and restoring dysbiosis in the gut microbiota. E-cadherin, a critical adhesive protein, plays a pivotal role in this protective mechanism. Knocking down E-cadherin expression within the mouse intestinal tract significantly attenuated the ability of L. gasseri ATCC33323 to regulate colitis, thus confirming its protective role through E-cadherin. Finally, transcriptional analysis and in vitro experiments revealed that L. gasseri ATCC33323 regulates CDH1 transcription by affecting NR1I3, thereby promoting E-cadherin expression. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the specific mechanisms by which Lactobacillus strains alleviate colitis, offering new insights for the potential use of L. gasseri as an alternative therapy for IBD, particularly in dietary supplementation.
Nether Space(s): Unveiling endometriosis experiences in performance
Authors: March Kate
Published: September 2024

Endometriosis is a debilitating and incurable disease impacting one in ten women (including individuals assigned female at birth). Stirred by my battle with this disease, I devoted my doctoral research to exploring lived body experiences of endo in and through an embodied, improvisational painscape practice. This discussion hones in on the later stages of research development and eventual public presentation of Nether Space(s): a performance/exhibition marrying movement, kinaesthetic painting and embodied poetry into a cohesive painscape. Although Nether Space(s) exposes the often concealed or invisible suffering related to gendered disabilities like endometriosis, the negotiations with time, space, energy and expression likely resonate with individuals who endure various kinds of menstrual, reproductive or chronic pain. In disseminating the research journey, this article demonstrates how engaging with the physical, emotional, psychological and spiritual scars of unfathomable pain experiences implicitly necessitates the integration of interdisciplinary methodologies and critical perspectives. Specifically, I pinpoint how an artistic practice shaped and birthed from endo experiences champions improvisational prowess, feminist inquiry and crip identity. The shared imagery, poetry and personal accounts of the various creative outcomes associated with Nether Space(s), further reveal that an improvisational feminist-crip performance practice can facilitate embodied agency by cripping endo pain. Notably, idiosyncratic attributes of Nether Space(s), some of which include scar symbolism; alternative spatialities, temporalities or energies; or convergences of narrative and abstract, are unpacked through the lens of netherness – an original construct that emerged as a pivotal revelation of the research journey.
Making space for the wimp-subject in contact improvisation
Authors: Melkumova-Reynolds Jana
Published: September 2024

This is an autoethnographic article that unpicks the author’s experiences of navigating the form and the social world of contact improvisation (CI) as a crip bodymind that routinely passes as normative and (very) ‘able’. Drawing on fieldnotes made across a year of practising and studying CI in London, it considers what kind of subjectivities and social relations this dance form summons, encourages and constitutes. This article proposes that the ideal subject of CI is characterized by vitality, agility, intense desire, openness to risk, an ability to attune to oneself and to others and a combination of self-reliance and willingness (and capacity) to cooperate. The article draws parallels and (dis)continuities between these features and the aspects of subjecthood fostered by late capitalist ‘risk society’ and the risk subjects it conjures. It then enquires whether this ideal subject is compatible with certain neurodivergent and other crip ways of being-in-the-world. The article proceeds to consider how, and if, space can be made in CI for what is ironically defined here as the ‘wimp’ subject: less disposed to embrace risk; not adept at quick decision-making; not thrill-seeking, and easily overwhelmed by sensory and nervous stimulation.
Repensando a Terencio: un estudio métrico y musical de Andria
Authors: García Pablo Martín
Published: September 2024

Este trabajo plantea un análisis métrico de Andria a partir de una ruptura con la manera tradicional de estudiar la obra del africano —que juzga sus comedias a la sombra de los procedimientos compositivos de Plauto— con miras a un estudio integral del fenómeno métrico en Terencio. El análisis de la macroestructura y la microestructura métricas de la obra demuestra una estrecha imbricación entre los componentes métrico-musicales y el significado de los elementos de la trama y arroja nueva luz sobre la composición y las funciones de los cantica.
Making a Partnership-based Corporate Social Responsibility: PT UPC Sidrap Bayu Energi's strategy to Sustainable Community Empowerment
Authors: Ramli Ramli , Sulvinajayanti Sulvinajayanti , Achiruddin Saleh Adnan , Nur Tajuddin Fatjri
Published: September 2024

The heightened corporate awareness regarding its social responsibility toward the community through empowerment activities is exemplified in the initiatives undertaken by PT UPC Sidrap Bayu Energi, which are executed effectively and sustainably. This research aims to explore the factors contributing to the success of corporate social responsibility in both charitable and empowerment activities within the company. To achieve this objective, a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach is employed. The study reveals that PT UPC Sidrap Bayu Energi's empowerment process entails collaboration with governmental and social community institutions, forming a network of policy makers through partnership relationships to identify community needs. The establishment of these partnership networks influences the development of activities that effectively address community challenges, aligning with government expectations for community social development. These partnership relationships with various stakeholders result in sustainable activities and serve as a conduit linking community needs, government expectations, and reinforcing the roles of social community institutions.
Measuring the value of teachers from traditional certification pathways in Texas: A comprehensive study
Authors: Rhodes Annelies , Marder Michael
Published: September 2024

While teacher preparation in the United States continues a long period of decline, the largest-producing state, Texas, is experiencing substantial changes in how it prepares teachers. The number of teachers prepared by traditional university pathways continues to decline, and the number from alternative pathways is rising. Using extensive data from Texas, we find that traditionally prepared teachers from universities obtain significantly higher student learning gains than alternatives. We use value-added models to estimate changes in student test scores in many grade levels and test subjects as a function of teacher preparation pathway. We compare all Traditional programs to all Alternative programs, and we compare all For-Profit programs to all Not for-Profit programs. For most subjects and grade levels, students learn significantly more from Traditional or Not for-Profit program teachers: 0.02 to 0.05 in standard deviation units. There is not one significant estimate in any model where students learn more from Alternative and For-Profit programs teachers than they do from Traditional and Not For-Profit program teachers.
Нydrogen and halogen bonds in triiodoaminobenzoates of amine bases
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Zherebtsov D. , Sharutin V. , Nayfert S. , Regel R. , Rajakumar K. , Adonin S. , Polozov M. , Spiridonova D. , Osipov A. , Lutsenko A. ,   Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia,   St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: September 2024

The crystalline structures of three organic salts of triiodoaminobenzoic acid (1–3) and triiodoaminobenzoic acid monohydrate (4) are described, the structural features are established by the X-ray diffraction method. Compound 1: C20H19I6N3O6, М 1158.78; monoclinic syngony, space group Сс; cell parameters: a = 32.0782(10), b = 9.5284(3), c = 9.3745(3) Å;  = 90, β = 90,0(1),  = 90 deg.; V = 2865.35(16) Å3, Z = 4, ρcalc. = 2.684 g/cm3. Compound 2: C16H15I6N3O4, М 1074.71; monoclinic syngony, space group P21/c; cell parameters: a = 8.990(5), b = 28.541(11), c = 9.945(5) Å;  =  = 90, β = 91.23(2) deg.; V = 2551(2) Å3, Z = 4, ρcalc. = 2.798 g/cm3. Compound 3: C17H17I3N2O4, М 694.03; monoclinic syngony, space group I2/a; cell parameters: a = 36.02(2), b = 7.254(5), c = 16.468(9) Å;  =  = 90, β = 105.29(2) deg.; V = 4150(4) Å3, Z = 8, ρcalc. = 2.222 g/cm3. Compound 4: C7H6I3NO3, М 532.83; rhombic syngony, space group Iba2; cell parameters: a = 30.2146(4), b = 13.9830(2), c = 5.80740(10) Å;  = β =  = 90 deg.; V = 2453.57(6) Å3, Z = 8, ρcalc. = 2,885 g/cm3. The crystalline structure of two salts and triiodoaminobenzoic acid monohydrate is distinguished both by domination of hydrogen bonds and multiple halogen bonds. However, the 7-methylquinoline salt is devoid of halogen bonds due to peculiarities of the stack packaging of flat molecules. For two compounds (3 and 4), the features of their thermolysis by thermal analysis (in argon atmosphere) are determined: at the first stage (52 and 73 °C, respectively), the loss of crystallization water occurs; at 700 ° C under the thermolysis conditions of both compounds the decomposition product is glass carbon.
PEMANFAATAN DATA ENHANCED VEGETATION INDEX (EVI) UNTUK MEMPREDIKSI FASE TUMBUH PADI
Authors: Yanti Delvi , Harahap Fitria Lestari , Safitri Imelda
Published: September 2024

Tanaman padi (Oryza sativa. L) adalah salah satu tanaman yang sangat penting untuk diketahui fase tumbuhnya berupa fase air, vegetatif 1, vegetatif 2, generatif 1, generatif 2, dan fase bera. Penentuan fase tumbuh tanaman padi membutuhkan data hasil survey lapangan dimana untuk mendapatkan data tersebut memerlukan waktu yang cukup lama. Dilakukanlah analisis fase tumbuh tanaman padi dengan memanfaatkan teknologi penginderaan jauh menggunakan bantuan citra satelit. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menentukan model matematis dan rentang nilai EVI (Enhanced Vegetation Index) berdasarkan fase tumbuh tanaman padi di Kecamatan Harau Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota, Sumatera Barat. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu metode observasi dan pengolahan data citra MODIS menggunakan software ArcGis dan pengolahan data lapangan. Hasil pengolahan data yang dilakukan diperoleh model matematis untuk memprediksi fase tumbuh tanaman padi di Kecamatan Harau Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota yaitu y = -0,0000647332x2 + 0,0093336724x + 0,2027767165 dimana y merupakan nilai EVI sedangkan x adalah umur tanaman padi (HST), dengan koefisien korelasi (r) sebesar 0,95. Rentang nilai EVI berdasarkan fase tumbuh tanaman padi di Kecamatan Harau yaitu fase Air yaitu < 0,3355 ; fase vegetatif (1) yaitu 0,3355 - 0,5016 ; fase vegetatif (2) yaitu 0,5016 - 0,5350 ; fase generatif (1) yaitu 0,5350 - 0,4462 ; fase generatif (2) yaitu 0,4462 - 0,3907 dan fase bera yaitu 0,3907 - 0,3222.
Synthesis of Novel Ester-Based 5-Fluorouracil Derivatives
Authors: Puspaningtyas Ayik Rosita , Oktavianawati Ika
Published: September 2024

Fluorouracil (5-Fu, 1) is an antimetabolite cancer drug and the first-line drug of anticancer administration by WHO that has been widely used worldwide for more than 50 years. The development of 5-fluorouracil is an effort to obtain higher activity, decrease side effects, and create a specific target receptor compared to 5-fluorouracil. In this research, a series of novel 5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu) derivatives has been synthesized based on a benzoylation reaction (Schotten-Baumann reaction) of N1-hydroxylated 5-Fu called compound 2, 5-fluoro-1-(hydroxymethyl)-uracil. The benzoyl chloride substituents used in this research, including 3-chlorobenzoyl (4a), 2-chlorobenzoyl (4b), 3-nitrobenzoyl (4c), 4-methoxy benzoyl (4d), 4-trifluoromethylbenzoyl (4e), 3,4-dichlorobenzoyl (4f), and 4-nitrobenzoyl (4g) chloride become (4a-4f)-5Fu. This research meticulously examined the conditions (time and reaction temperature) at the second step of the synthesis reaction (esterification), ensuring the reliability of the results. The best synthesis conditions for 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, and 4g compounds were found to be reflux at 40°C for 6 hours, whereas 4e and 4f compounds reactions were performed in an ice bath for 11 and 17 hours, respectively. All product syntheses, 4a-4g compound, were purified using column chromatography and eluted using eluent hexane: acetone (6:4), and the yields of 4a-4g compounds were around 61-79%. The pure compounds were characterized using FTIR and 1HNMR spectrometer, further validating the research. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that all 5-Fu derivatives can be synthesized using the Schotten-Baumann reaction method.
Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Basella alba Leaf Extract and Their Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Aprilia Nur Rizka , Taufikurohmah Titik
Published: September 2024

In this research, gold nanoparticles were synthesized using the green synthesis method with the bioreduction extract of Basella alba leaf infusion. This research aims to characterize gold nanoparticles synthesized using UV-Vis spectroscopy and TEM and assess their antioxidant activity, which is quantified by the IC50 value. The UV-Vis spectrophotometric characterization of the gold nanoparticles revealed an absorption peak at a maximum wavelength of 543 nm. TEM characterization indicated a particle diameter of 9.463 ± 2.273 nm. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) reduction method with concentration variations of 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 ppm, resulting in reduction percentages of 40.6%, 44.3%, 57.4%, and 77.9%, respectively, and an IC50 value of 7.05 μg/mL, indicating very strong antioxidant activity. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that Basella alba leaf infusion extract is effective as a biological reducing agent in synthesizing gold nanoparticles, and the resulting nanoparticles show significant potential as antioxidants for reducing free radicals.
Effects of voluntarily consumed sweetened alcohol and naringin on cardiac function in male and female Sprague–Dawley rats
Authors: Muhammad Jelani , Erlwanger Kennedy H. , Ibrahim Kasimu G. , Mokotedi Lebogang
Published: September 2024

This study assessed the impact of sweetened alcohol and naringin on cardiac function in Sprague‐Dawley rats. Male (n = 40) and female (n = 40) rats were allocated to control, sweetened alcohol (SOH), naringin (NA), and sweetened alcohol with naringin (SOH + NA) groups. SOH and SOH + NA rats received 10% alcohol + 20% fructose in gelatine; SOH + NA and NA rats received 50 mg/kg naringin in gelatine daily for 10 weeks. Echocardiography was performed to assess left ventricular (LV) function. LV cardiomyocyte diameters and collagen area fraction were determined by H&E and picrosirius‐red staining, respectively. In males, sweetened alcohol and naringin did not affect cardiac function. Female SOH rats had increased LV end‐diastolic posterior wall (p = 0.04), relative wall thicknesses (p = 0.01), and LV cardiomyocyte diameters (p = 0.005) compared with control. Female SOH and SOH + NA had reduced lateral e’ and e’/a’ and increased E/e’ (p < 0.0001). Female SOH (p = 0.01) and SOH + NA (p = 0.04) rats had increased LV collagen area fraction compared with controls. In males, neither sweetened alcohol nor naringin affected cardiac geometry or diastolic function. In females, sweetened alcohol induced concentric remodelling, impaired LV relaxation, and elevated filling pressures. Naringin may have the potential to improve the sweetened alcohol‐induced concentric remodelling; however, it did not ameliorate diastolic dysfunction in females.
Active Forgetting and Healthy Remembering in Nietzsche
Authors: Syea Emma
Published: September 2024

This paper advances a novel account of how active forgetting underpins Nietzsche’s conception of health. Recent work has focused on what active forgetting is but does not explain how this process facilitates what Nietzsche calls “spiritual health.” I show that active forgetting – unlike Freudian repression or sublimation – preserves spiritual health when it is challenged by experiential content such as trauma, and that it allows for the incorporation of such experiences. I offer a reconstruction of active forgetting which makes reference to the use of therapeutic narratives, which, although neither necessary nor sufficient for active forgetting, can aid and optimize this process in the face of traumatic experiences. My account provides a complex and clear distinction between forgetting and narrativization, in keeping with Nietzsche’s comments on the utility of adversity and the importance of resilience in relation to spiritual health.
Nondeictic accusative and dative clitics and their variant forms in European and Brazilian Portuguese
Authors: Duarte Maria Eugenia L.
Published: September 2024

This article raises the hypothesis that 3rd person, accusative o/a (“him/her”) and dative lhe (“to him”/ “to her”) clitics, as well as the indefinite clitic se (“one”), contrary to 1st and 2nd person me/te (“me/you”), were never part of the grammar of the populations who acquired Portuguese as L2 in Brazil; rather, 3rd person clitic pronouns have been learned by a small number of Brazilians with school access (0.5 %), in the beginning of the 19th century. To bring support to this hypothesis, socio-historical information is presented, according to which, during about 350 years of colonization, slaved Africans and their descendants constituted the largest part of the population; their contact with several waves of Portuguese immigrant workers contributed to the emergence of Brazilian dialects differing in many aspects from European Portuguese (EP). Data from European and Brazilian Portuguese (PB) popular theater plays, written across the 19th and the 20th centuries, show that EP exhibits a robust and stable system of 3rd person accusative and dative clitics, contrary to BP. Analyses of recorded EP and BP since the 1970s attest the extremely rare use of such clitics in BP, very close to the percentages shown in the more recent plays, whereas formal writing reveals the school relative success in the effort to teach 3rd person clitics.
Take a handful of nuts in a bowl! Turned wooden vessel with hazelnuts from Czarnówko against the background of other finds from cemeteries of the Wielbark culture
Authors: Skóra Kalina , Skrzyński Grzegorz
Published: September 2024

In 2009, during research of a cemetery of the Wielbark culture in Czarnówko (Lębork District, Pomerania), an inhumation grave was discovered, which contained the remains of a wooden bowl with copper alloy fittings. Inside it, several hazelnuts were preserved. This vessel, in the light of the analysis carried out, was made of alder wood using a turning technique. Discoveries of this type are not only rare in the area of the Wielbark culture, but also in the rest of Central European Barbaricum. This article presents the results of the archaeobotanical research and demonstrates the bowl in the broader context of Roman Period discoveries.
Russland und die Türkei – Annäherung unter zwei Rivalen
Authors: Theinert Lukas
Published: September 2024

Kurzfassung

Während des aktuellen Gazakrieges wird einmal mehr deutlich, dass die russisch-türkischen Beziehungen seit dem Fall der Sowjetunion meist dann enger werden, wenn die beiden Regime sich vom politischen Westen entfremdet fühlen. Doch zum vollständigen Bild gehört, dass sie mehr Rivalen als Partner sind: Im Affront gegen den Westen bündeln sie zwar vorübergehend ihre Kräfte, aber ihre neoimperialen Ordnungsvorstellungen machen sie zugleich zu Kontrahenten in der Gestaltung einer scheinbar gerechteren Weltordnung.
Self-Perceived Lactose Intolerance Versus Confirmed Lactose Intolerance in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Review
Authors: Pop Andrei , Popa Stefan Lucian , Pop Dalina Diana , Ismaiel Abdulrahman , Nechita Vlad Ionut , Dumitrascu Dan L
Published: September 2024

Background and Aims: Disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI) are prevalent, affecting 20-40% of the population, with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) being the most common and impactful. While congenital lactose intolerance is rare, lactase deficiency in adults is widespread, causing gastrointestinal symptoms like bloating and diarrhea. Self-perceived lactose intolerance often overestimates symptoms, impacting dietary choices and quality of life, necessitating better understanding and management for improved patient outcomes. This article evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of self-reported lactose intolerance in patients with lactose intolerance and IBS through a systematic review.
Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, and SCOPUS, including terms related to IBS, lactose intolerance, and self-reported symptoms, without applying filters to ensure comprehensive coverage. Inclusion criteria focused on observational studies with adult participants diagnosed with lactose intolerance, addressing symptoms and lactose malabsorption, while excluding non-English articles, reviews, editorials, and studies involving pediatric subjects.
Results: The systematic review analyzed six studies with 845 participants, revealing significant variability and moderate accuracy in self-reported lactose intolerance for diagnosing actual lactose intolerance in IBS patients. Hydrogen breath tests (HBTs) showed that self-reported symptoms often led to false positives, underscoring the need for objective diagnostic tools and standardized criteria. The findings highlight the complexity of diagnosing lactose intolerance in IBS patients and suggest that lactose-free diets and routine HBT should not be recommended without clear indications.
Conclusions: The rigorous selection process ensured the inclusion of high-quality, relevant studies, thereby enhancing the reliability and validity of the review‘s findings. These studies revealed that a lactose-free diet should not be routinely recommended for IBS patients, nor should the routine use of HBT to identify lactose malabsorption in this group. Future research should focus on better understanding the factors influencing lactose perception and tolerance, which is crucial for more effective management of lactose intolerance in IBS patients.
Strategies of Obsidian Procurement, Knapping and Use in the First Farming Societies
Authors: Vinet Alice , Guilbeau Denis , Milić Bogdana
Published: September 2024

This edited volume gathers papers which follow innovative approaches in obsidian studies in order to revive the debate on procurement strategies, knapping and use of this raw material, which remains in some sites the predominant source of exotica. The geo-chronological frame of the book is intentionally broad, covering a span from the 8th to the 1st mill. BC and a large area from the Central Mediterranean to the Caucasus, including original data on obsidian from sites and geological sources in Georgia, Armenia, Anatolia, Aegean and Italy. The aim of this volume is to compare, at a large scale, the strategies employed by the farmers to exploit obsidian in different socio-cultural and environmental settings and to identify the main parameters that conditioned the exploitation of this raw material. Moreover, the topic is investigated through multiple scales: from a large region to a single house level. This volume therefore brings new contributions, which are targeting the issues of obsidian provenance performed with XRF and Neutron Activation Analyses (NAA), and production and use through techno-typological and functional, use-wear analyses. Finally, subsistence strategies, socio-economic contexts and symbolism are largely discussed by addressing obsidian as a key element in chipped stone assemblages across a wide area, which once again proves to have had a significant role in understanding the onset of farming societies and their local and regional developments and transformations through time.
The International Red Cross in contemporary Polish history textbooks: An overview
Authors: Biedka Karolina , Sobczak Monika
Published: September 2024

The main aim of the article is to present how the issues pertaining to the creation and activities of the International Red Cross and the figure of its originator and founder, Henry Dunant, are presented in Polish history textbooks. History lessons at school are a suitable platform to introduce issues related to the concept of humanitarianism. Lessons that mention the establishment and operations of the International Red Cross and its national branches make a valuable contribution to raising awareness of humanitarianism and human rights. It is worth looking at how these issues are treated in school textbooks, which are one of the main sources of students' knowledge of history. Primary and secondary school textbooks currently available on the publishing market and used by active teachers were analysed. Textual content and iconography were analysed, as well as the tasks proposed for classroom use. In order to answer the research questions, a critical textual analysis of the content of twenty-one textbooks was carried out. Textbooks published between 2017 and 2023, which are on the official list of textbooks approved for use in schools, were the subject of analysis. The article also reveals the presence of the Polish Red Cross on the pages of these textbooks.
Parents’ or legal guardians’ beliefs and attitudes about childhood vaccination: a scoping review
Authors: Lima Mariana Mesquita de Oliveira , Silveira Aline Oliveira , Aureliano Ana Paula Sarmento Charão , Rocha Hellen Cristina Costa , Moura Luciana Melo de , Santos Sammya Rodrigues dos
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: to map scientific evidence about perceptions, beliefs, knowledge and attitudes of parents or legal guardians of children under 5 years of age regarding routine childhood vaccination. Methods: a scoping review, conducted in accordance with the JBI framework. The searches were carried out in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus and LILACS databases. A total of 5,535 studies were returned and 77 were selected, which met the inclusion criteria. Results: perceptions related to interaction with healthcare professionals and services, with family organization and structure, with social interaction and public policies, cultural, religious and personal beliefs, knowledge about vaccination schedule, vaccination and immunization process and sources of information are the main factors mapped and which can positively or negatively influence parents’ or legal guardians’ attitudes towards vaccinating children. Conclusions: the findings allow us to identify factors related to parents’ perception and beliefs about childhood vaccination.
Crenças e atitudes de pais ou responsáveis legais sobre a vacinação infantil: revisão de escopo
Authors: Lima Mariana Mesquita de Oliveira , Silveira Aline Oliveira , Aureliano Ana Paula Sarmento Charão , Rocha Hellen Cristina Costa , Moura Luciana Melo de , Santos Sammya Rodrigues dos
Published: September 2024

RESUMO Objetivo: mapear as evidências científicas acerca das percepções, crenças, conhecimentos e atitudes de pais ou responsáveis legais de crianças menores de 5 anos quanto à vacinação infantil de rotina. Métodos: revisão de escopo, conduzida de acordo com o referencial do JBI. As buscas foram realizadas nas bases PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus e LILACS. Retornaram 5.535 estudos e foram selecionados 77, que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. Resultados: percepções relacionadas à interação com os profissionais e serviços de saúde, com a organização e estrutura familiar, com a interação social e políticas públicas, crenças culturais, religiosas e pessoais, conhecimentos sobre o calendário vacinal, o processo de vacinação e imunização e fontes de informação são os principais fatores mapeados e que podem influenciar positiva ou negativamente a atitudes dos pais ou responsáveis legais em vacinar crianças. Conclusões: os achados permitem identificar fatores relacionados à percepção e crenças dos pais sobre vacinação infantil.
The influence of civilizations in the 15-20th centuries on Asian languages and its linguistic and philosophical implications
Authors: Liu Jiaqi
Published: September 2024

Abstract: Civilization exerts a profound influence on language, thereby shaping and promoting culture. In the 18th century, Herder acknowledged the historicity of language, contextualizing it within the broader framework of human development and culture. This paper examines the impact of Western-dominated civilization from the 15th to the 20th centuries on Asian languages, identifying several key characteristics. Firstly, Asia did not witness widespread adoption of foreign languages on a large scale. Secondly, extraterritorial linguistic borrowing in Asia surpassed intra-regional one, resulting in the emergence of diverse hybrid languages. Additionally, Asia employed various strategies to preserve and perpetuate its languages and civilizations. Language and civilization play crucial roles in mutually reinforcing and advancing each other. Therefore, this paper aims to elucidate the influence of civilization on Asian languages since the Age of Exploration, uncovering the nuances of Asian civilization embedded within it, and exploring the intricate relationship between civilization and languages in Asia.
APPLICATION OF AN OPTIMIZED MECHANISM OF PRIMARY REFERENCE FUEL TO SINGLE HOLE SPRAYS
Authors: Payri Raul , García-Oliver José M. , Novella Ricardo , Pastor Jose M. , López-Pintor Dario , Shang Weiwei
Published: September 2024

The present work focuses on the derivation and evaluation of a chemical kinetic mechanism of primary reference fuel [(PRF, binary blends of n-heptane and isooctane)] with a homogeneous reactors approach starting from a detailed one. Results show that the optimized mechanism can replicate the results of the detailed one with high accuracy. The mechanism is integrated into a computational fluid dynamics
workflow combining a Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes approach, a diffuse-interface spray, and an unsteady flamelet progress variable combustion model. The workflow is validated against spray combustion measurements following the standards of the engine combustion network (ECN). Test
cases sweep binary blends of PRF fuels from pure n-heptane to pure iso-octane using an ECN Spray A nozzle. The model can provide accurate predictions of typical reacting spray metrics, such as ignition delay and lift-off length, which have been evaluated following a reconstruction of the experimental methods, namely schlieren and OH* chemiluminescence. Different definitions of the previous combustion metrics have been compared. The model captures the decreasing reactivity with increasing isooctane fraction, which results in flame stabilizing at much leaner conditions. However, deficiencies are observed for low reactivity cases, either with high PRF or low-temperature cases.
What are we saving? The amphibians and reptiles of the rice paddies in the Balasore District, Odisha, India
Authors: Ghosh Deyatima
Published: September 2024

Agriculture is widely recognized as one of the major conservation threats to herpetofaunal species. Any conservationactions, particularly those aimed at herpetofauna beyond the network of protected areas, require baseline dataon existing species diversity in an area. Unfortunately, most biodiversity studies are focused on producing inventoriesof animals in a small number of protected areas. To accrue truly meaningful benefits, conservation needs to focus onhuman-dominated landscapes beyond protected areas, such as agricultural lands. Scientific documentation of farmlandherpetofauna is entirely lacking, which could lead to a lack of management and effective inclusion of herpetofaunain conservation. I assessed the species of amphibians and reptiles in tropical rice paddies near the Kuldiha WildlifeSanctuary in Balasore District, Odisha, India. Based on ecological sampling and community interviews, combined withliterature reviews and field guides, I report a total of 55 species including 16 species of amphibians in five families and39 species of reptiles in 15 families.
Equity-oriented food supports: Learnings from the Nova Scotia COVID-19 pandemic response
Authors: Blair Valerie , Eville Eleanor , Johnson Christine , Monahan Heather
Published: September 2024

Setting

Public health measures enacted during the COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted Nova Scotians experiencing food insecurity. Public Health (PH), Nova Scotia Health, created a provincial Housing Isolation Program (HIP) which addressed barriers to isolation, including food access, for COVID-19 cases and contacts being followed by PH.

Intervention

HIP worked with partners to coordinate and respond to urgent food needs of isolating clients by providing grocery and meal delivery options. HIP also made referrals to government and community partners for income and food supports. This program was intended to minimize the spread of COVID-19 by facilitating isolation while meeting basic needs for people with no other means of support.

Outcomes

From December 2020 to March 2022, HIP completed grocery and meal deliveries for 579 clients, 1351 referrals to a provincial Income Support Program, and 231 referrals to external food supports. HIP staff worked with clients to manage potential perceptions of stigma. Challenges reported included the urgency of food needs, lack of social supports, and availability and accessibility constraints in rural communities, as well as difficulty accessing culturally appropriate foods and special diets.

Implications

This intervention demonstrates the importance of addressing food insecurity during emergency preparedness, planning, and response. During emergencies, planning and mobilizing food access requires an equity-oriented approach to overcome stigma. Broadly, continued reliance on charitable responses creates significant vulnerability during emergencies and addressing root causes of food insecurity through social policy will provide longer-term protection.
Prediction of Covid-19 From Lung CT Images Using Fine-Tuned Deep Learning Models
Authors:   Research Scholar, D.N.Patel College of Engineering shahada, Maharashtra, India, Patil Pravin B , Patil Nitin J
Published: September 2024

Objectives: This research article's principal objective is to improve and create a fully automated methodology for the recognition and diagnosis of infections in the lungs Computed Tomography pictures using pre-trained neural network architectures. Methods: The proposed model have employed a total 746 CT scan sample which is openly accessible, comprising 349 scans who tested positive for COVID-19 and 397 scans that are either healthy or show different respiratory illnesses. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with four different architectures—InceptionV3, ResNet-50, Xception, and VGG19 are employed and refined based on the intended objective. After then, in order to increase performance metrics, an ensemble technique employing the Adam optimizer have developed. Findings: These outcomes demonstrated the utility of Artificial intelligence in identifying COVID-19 instances. When measured against every other deep learning model the N-VGG-19 revealed an accuracy of 90%, indicating its better performance. Novelty: Using the Adamax optimizer and data augmentation approach, The proposed method have contributed a thorough assessment of many already trained neural network modules such as ResNet50, InceptionV3, N-VGG19, and Xception. Keywords: Artificial intelligence (AI), COVID-19, Convolutional Neural Network, CT Scan, Deep Learning