bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microbiology of Infective Endocarditis in United States Veterans — Association Between Causative Organism and Short- and Long-Term Outcomes
Authors: Duggan John , Peters Alex , Halbert Sarah , Antevil Jared , Trachiotis Gregory D.
Published: December 2023

Background: Previous studies have elucidated the relationship between causative organism and outcomes in infective endocarditis, however this relationship has not been studies in United States Veterans. The aim of this manuscript is to evaluate the association between causative organism and short-term and long-term outcomes in United States (US) Veterans with infective endocarditis (IE) requiring surgical management between 2010–2020. Methods: We analyzed 489 patients with surgically treated IE from the Veterans Affairs (VA) Surgical Quality Improvement Program and the VA Informatics and Computing Infrastructure databases. Patients were divided into groups using causative organism identified from blood or intraoperative cultures – Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Gram-negative rods, Enterococcus, Polymicrobial, and Unknown/Culture Negative. Other identified organisms were excluded from analysis. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate risk for stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA), myocardial infarction (MI), and death based on group. The models were adjusted for covariates using backward elimination. Continuous variables were compared using ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis H tests, and categorical variables were compared using Chi square tests. Results: Mean follow-up was 4.0 ± 6.3 years. Gram negative rods (GNRs) were associated with greater risk of long-term mortality (adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) 2.15, 95% CI: 1.20–3.86, p = 0.01). Enterococcus was associated with long-term risk of MI (aHR 2.05, 95% CI: 1.07–3.94, p = 0.03). Resistant organisms, such as methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, were associated with long-term risk of MI (aHR 2.51, 95% CI: 1.14–5.45, p = 0.02). Polymicrobial infections were associated with greater risk of perioperative complications, including prolonged mechanical ventilation (48 hrs) (aHR 1.76, 95% CI: 1.05–2.97, p = 0.034), tracheostomy (aHR 5.64, 95% CI: 2.35–13.55, p < 0.001), and prolonged ICU stay (5 days) (aHR 1.39, 95% CI: 1.01–1.91, p = 0.043). Conclusions: In US Veterans, polymicrobial infections had notably worse perioperative outcomes but similar long-term outcomes in comparison to monomicrobial infections. GNR infections were associated with increased long-term mortality. Enterococcus and resistant organisms were associated with increased long-term risk of MI. Polymicrobial infections were associated with greater risk of perioperative complications, including prolonged mechanical ventilation, tracheostomy, and prolonged ICU stay.
On Pump Beating Heart Coronary Artery Surgery in Patients Requiring Urgent Revascularization
Authors: Kilic Yasin , Jalalzai Izatullah , Sonmez Ebubekir , Erkut Bilgehan
Published: December 2023

Background: When acute coronary syndrome patients necessitate immediate revascularization, heart-on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting may be regarded as a viable substitute for conventional on-pump surgery. Our clinical experience and initial outcomes of heart-on-pump coronary surgery in patients with acute coronary syndrome are detailed in this article. Method: This research endeavor was a retrospective analysis that spanned the years March 2011 to August 2023. The sample size comprised 2816 patients who had undergone coronary artery surgery. During this period, the same surgical team performed coronary artery bypass surgery on 411 of these patients, who underwent beating heart surgery while on cardiopulmonary bypass support and without cardioplegic arrest; this was done under emergency conditions. Result: 9.3 ± 2.2 hours elapsed between the initiation of acute myocardial infarction and the commencement of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). A mean of 4.0 grafts was applied (2.2 ± 1.1). Mortality in hospitals was calculated for sixteen patients. Following surgery, twenty-six patients developed an inadequate cardiac output syndrome. Despite having renal dysfunction, none of the eight individuals needed hemodialysis. The mean duration of stay in intensive care was 3.2 (2.2 ± 1.1) days, while the mean length of hospitalization was 9.2 (4.3 ± 2.4) days. Conclusion: We believe that for high-risk patients with multivascular coronary artery disease who require an emergency coronary artery bypass graft, on-pump beating heart revascularization could be a viable option.
PROMOÇÃO DA SAÚDE NO CONTEXTO DAS DOENÇAS CRÔNICAS NÃO TRANSMISSÍVEIS: PROJETO DE EXTENSÃO
Authors: Lima Moara Ludmila Rosa , Pereira Diego de Oliveira , Mendonça Bruno Henrique Nunes , Ferreira Lívia Lopes , de Carvalho Kathia Filomena , Veloso e Souza Jerusa de Roma Gonçalves , de Miranda Juliana Caetano , Ferreira Ana Cristina Soares , Fernandes Priscila Castro Cordeiro
Published: December 2023

As Doenças Crônicas não Transmissíveis (DCNT) são foco de preocupação mundial, sendo um grave problema de saúde pública. No Brasil, destacamos a Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica e a Diabetes como doenças de incidência relevante na população, que podem levar a outras complicações de saúde. A formação de profissionais de saúde no manejo destas doenças, com enfoque em ações preventivas e de promoção da saúde se torna prioritário dentro da realidade dos serviços de saúde. O profissional enfermeiro, que no âmbito da atenção primaria em saúde é responsável pelo estabelecimento de vínculo e acolhimento junto ao usuário do serviço de saúde, possibilita o processo de detecção precoce das DCNT. A formação acadêmica do futuro enfermeiro deve estimular atividades de contato direto com a população, para vivência de atividades de promoção da saúde, proporcionando ao discente melhor desenvolvimento do seu pensamento clínico por meio de ações de orientação em saúde. O manejo das DCNT desde as atividades de prevenção, rastreamento, promoção e orientações a saúde é fundamental para a melhoria do cenário da situação de saúde relacionada a estas doenças. Projetos de extensão universitária podem contribuir para uma experiência exitosa dentro deste contexto
O USO DE “PORTAS LÓGICAS” PELOS PROVEDORES DE INTERNET: UMA ANÁLISE DAS IMPLICAÇÕES CRIMINAIS DECORRENTES DO COMPARTILHAMENTO DO ENDEREÇO IP
Authors: de Brito Jorge Messias
Published: December 2023

Trata-se de artigo científico calçado em revisão bibliográfica descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa, sob o título: “O uso de ‘portas lógicas’ pelos provedores de internet: uma análise das implicações criminais decorrentes do compartilhamento do endereço IP”. Sabe-se que a atividade do internauta é documentada por seu IP (Internet Protocol). Assim como as atividades financeiras/patrimoniais do cidadão (junto ao Fisco) são vinculadas ao seu CPF, as atividades do usuário de internet (junto ao provedor de acesso/aplicação) são vinculadas ao seu endereço IP. Ocorre que, devido ao esgotamento dos endereços IPv4 no mundo, permitiu-se o compartilhamento simultâneo de um mesmo IPv4 por usuários diferentes. Para realizar essa façanha, os provedores têm adotado a técnica conhecida como CGNAT, que acrescenta um número específico após o IP do usuário - a “porta lógica”, permitindo a sua individualização. No entanto, a “porta lógica” não foi expressamente incluída no Marco Civil da Internet como informação a ser guardada/fornecida pelos provedores de internet, o que tem refletido na persecução penal de autores de crimes cibernéticos. Assim, este artigo se propõe a responder às seguintes indagações: a) o que é o endereço IP?; b) em que consiste a técnica CGNAT?; c) quais as implicações criminais decorrentes do compartilhamento do endereço IP?; d) os principais obstáculos de migração para o protocolo IPv6. Por fim, far-se-á uma breve análise do projeto de lei conhecido como “Projeto das fake news” - que inclui no Marco Civil da Internet a obrigatoriedade da guarda das “portas lógicas” pelos provedores de internet.
A práxis da autonomia da pessoa idosa residente em Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos:
Authors: Salmazo da Silva Henrique
Published: December 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar casos de pessoas idosas institucionalizadas cujo processo de autonomia foi valorizado para construção de planos individuais de atendimento. Os casos apresentados pautam-se em histórias reais acompanhadas pelo autor na qualidade de gestor e gerontólogo responsável por uma ILPI. Os protagonistas são duas pessoas idosas, aqui denominados de Sra. Maria Flor e Sr. Patrício José, ambos provenientes de uma ILPI situada na zona leste do município de São Paulo/SP.
Serviços de Convivência e Fortalecimento de Vínculos para Pessoas Idosas: Relato de experiência
Authors: Mayumi Miyamoto Tomomitsu Tamiles , Nascimento Ordonez Tiago
Published: December 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar relatos de experiência de profissionais bacharéis em Gerontologia sobre a atuação em serviços de convivência e fortalecimento de vínculos para pessoas idosas. São apresentados os desafios e sistemáticas de trabalho adotadas pelos profissionais, bem como reflexões críticas a respeito do papel do gerontólogo no contexto da rede socioassistencial de atendimento à pessoa idosa de modo a superar os desafios apresentados.
Experiências práticas da atuação do gerontólogo em um serviço de reabilitação em idosos
Authors: Carneiro das Neves Santos Carolina , Costa Ponce Cinthia , Duarte Nunes Juliana , Casagrande Camargo Merielli , Telles Milena
Published: December 2023

O objetivo do presente artigo é discutir experiências práticas da atuação do gerontólogo em um serviço de reabilitação em idosos. Será discutido o papel do gerontólogo como facilitador e articulador da interdisciplinaridade, bem como suas contribuições para que a pessoa idosa seja bem assistida no contexto dos serviços de reabilitação. O gerontólogo possui uma visão articulada, ampla e integrada do envelhecimento, auxiliando os profissionais a estabelecer uma orientação efetiva e coerente com cenário biopsicossocial da pessoa idosa dentro da reabilitação.
Auditoria financeira como catalisadora do processo de controle externo dos tribunais de contas brasileiros
Authors: Paniagua Justino José Ricardo , Meinberg Cheade Luisa , Philippe Rocha Forti Henri
Published: December 2023

A Constituição Federal de 1988 traz no rol de competências dos tribunais de contas a realização de auditorias de natureza contábil, financeira, orçamentária e patrimonial nas entidades jurisdicionadas. Para essas atribuições, legislações infralegais (por exemplo, as leis orgânicas) reafirmam que, para julgar as contas como regulares, é necessária a avaliação da exatidão dos demonstrativos contábeis. Este artigo propõe um modelo que visa potencializar a efetividade das funções finalísticas dessas instituições superiores de auditoria por meio da realização de auditorias financeiras. Nessa sugestão é compartilhado um desenho do alinhamento das atividades desempenhadas no controle externo com um objetivo comum e alinhado às técnicas de auditoria financeira internacionais, buscando a prática e a uniformização de procedimentos já consagrados em substituição da subjetividade e de técnicas despadronizadas. A reflexão ora compartilhada apresenta, em alinhamento com as normas internacionais de auditoria, a auditoria financeira como fator preponderante de planejamento e execução dos trabalhos de controle externo ao nível institucional, orientando a elaboração dos planos anuais de fiscalização e como a ferramenta mais apropriada ao cumprimento das atribuições privativas dos tribunais de contas.
THE ROLE OF Tc-99m MIBI SPECT IN THE EVALUATION OF NON-SMALL CELL LUNG TUMORS
Authors: Demirci Münir
Published: December 2023

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to investigate the role of Tc-99m MIBI scintigraphy in the diagnosis and evaluation of non-small cell lung cancers and also to evaluate the use of MIBI scintigraphy and MDP bone scintigraphy together in the detection of metastases.
Methods: For this purpose, 30 patients with non-small cell lung cancer and 15 patients with benign lesions other than lung cancer (as a control group) were included in the study. By applying Tc-99m MIBI and Tc99m MDP scintigraphy to whole patients with benign and malign lung lesions, anterior-posterior planar and SPECT MIBI images were obtained. Bone scintigraphy was performed as whole-body images. Scintigraphic findings were compared with the histopathological diagnosis of patients. Data were analyzed statistically.
Results: According to the result of the findings, the sensitivity, specificity, positive, predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy rate of Tc-99m MIBI scintigraphy in the detection of non-small cell lung tumors were determined as 87%, 93.5%, 96%, 77.7%, and 88.8%, respectively. Scintigraphic findings were evaluated quantitatively and visually. While there was no statistically significant difference between the early uptake rates of non-small cell lung tumors and benign lesions in the quantitative evaluation using planar MIBI images, late Tc-99m MIBI uptake rates were significantly higher in lesions with non-small cell lung tumors than that of benign lesions. However, it was detected that both the early and late uptake ratios were significantly higher in malign lesions than in benign lesions in the quantitative evaluation of SPECT images. It was observed that MIBI washout in benign lesions was higher than in malignant lesions in visual washout analysis. Additionally, multiple bone metastases were observed in 14 patients on the visual evaluation of bone scan of the patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Tc-99m MDP uptake was not observed in the malignant lung lesion region or in the soft tissue except the lesion.
Conclusion: In light of the findings, it was concluded that Tc-99m MIBI scintigraphy is a noninvasive method with high sensitivity and specificity that can be used to differentiate non-small cell lung tumors from benign lesions.
Արտատարածաշրջանային «ուժային կենտրոնների» քաղաքականությունը Հարավային Կովկասի անվտանգային միջավայրի կերպափոխման պայմաններում / The policy of extra-regional “power centers” in the process of transformation of the security environment in the South Caucasus
Authors: Author/s: Avetisyan R. G.
Published: December 2023

After the 2020 war (the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War), the South Caucasus region entered a period of the collapse of the fragile regional security system architecture shaped while maintaining the status quo, and the serious transformation of the security environment in the region. This is stipulated by several factors ensuing, among other things, from the geopolitical and geostrategic processes taking place in other regions, in particular, the Russia – Ukraine conflict and the aggravation of relations between Russia and the West. Because of these processes, the West’s urge to weaken Russia has increased both in political (limiting Russia’s zone of influence, including in traditionally “pro–Russian” regions, such as the South Caucasus and Central Asia) and economical aspects, limiting Russia’s role as a supplier of hydrocarbon energy carriers and the East-West transit corridor. This has led to a significant decrease in the level of Russia’s limiting influence in the South Caucasus, and the emergence of serious opportunities to reinvigorate their policy in this region both for Turkey, and extra-regional global actors, such as the United States, the European Union, China and India. Each of those pursues its own geo­strategic and geo-economic interests here, and throughout the process is acting in their own traditional manner, which has been developed in the system of implementing their national foreign policy.

According to the analysis carried out, if the activity of the United States’ and the European Union’s policies in the South Caucasus depends on the factors of geopolitical rivalry between the West and Russia, then the activation of China’s and India’s policies largely comes from the activation of the processes of unblocking regional communications, resulting in the occurrence of an alternative to the northern (Russian) corridor, the use of which in greatly restricted due to the Russia – Ukraine conflict. In addition, it becomes imperative for Armenia, in the process of transforming the security environment in the South Caucasus, to indemnify for the decrease in the efficiency of deterrents conditioned solely by the geopolitical presence of the Russian Federation, without changing the foreign policy.
Insetos do Brasil: Diversidade e Taxonomia
Authors: Casari Sônia A. , Constantino Reginaldo
Published: December 2023

Esta segunda edição segue a mesma linha da primeira, dando base para o incremento do conhecimento científico relativo à entomologia brasileira nos seus mais diversos aspectos, com informações gerais sobre morfologia, biologia, classificações, relações filogenéticas, importância agrícola, médica, veterinária, métodos de coletas e chaves de identificações. Esta segunda edição apresenta um texto abrangente e ênfase para a identificação de todas as 28 ordens e 679 famílias de insetos com registros para o Brasil.
Capítulo 8: Chave para ordens de insetos (adultos)
Authors: Constantino Reginaldo
Published: December 2023

Todas as chaves deste livro seguem o mesmo padrão. São chaves dicotômicas justapostas, com uma sequência de passos numerados, cada um com duas alternativas. Cada alternativa remete ao passo seguinte, até chegar ao nome do táxon. Os números entre parênteses indicam o passo anterior, o que permite fazer o caminho inverso em caso de dúvida ou erro.
Capítulo 24: Thysanoptera Haliday, 1836
Authors: Cavalleri Adriano , Lindner Mariana Flores , Lima Élison Fabrício Bezerra
Published: December 2023

Os Thysanoptera são insetos diminutos, em geral com comprimento menor que 3 mm. Podem ser encontrados em vários hábitats, como flores, folhas, galhos mortos e serapilheira. Embora abundantes na natureza, são pouco conhecidos pelo público em geral. São comumente chamados de tripes (singular e plural), que significa ‘verme da madeira’ (do grego thrips), pois algumas espécies vivem em madeira morta. No Brasil, as espécies Gynaikothrips ficorum (Marchal) e Gynaikothrips uzeli (Zimmermann) (Phlaeothripidae), que infestam as folhas de figueiras (Ficus spp.), são chamadas de lacerdinhas ou amintinhas, em referência aos políticos Carlos Lacerda e Amintas Barros. A espécie Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thripidae) é conhecida ainda como piolho-da-cebola, sendo considerada a principal praga da cultura no Brasil (Nakano 2011).
Capítulo 26: Psocodea Novack, 1890
Authors: Silva-Neto Alberto M. , Aldrete Alfonso N. Garcia , Mockford Edward L. , Linardi Pedro Marcos
Published: December 2023

A ordem de insetos Psocodea engloba os dois grupos historicamente reconhecidos como as ordens Psocoptera (de vida livre) e Phthiraptera (ectoparasitas) que foram tratados como ordens separadas ao longo do tempo. Entretanto, estudos com análises filogenéticas, com dados morfológicos e moleculares, comprovaram que Psocoptera e Phthiraptera constitui um grupo natural (Lyal 1985; Yoshizawa & Johnson 2003, 2006, 2010; Johnson et al. 2004, 2018; ver também capítulo 3 de filogenia deste livro). Os representantes de Phthiraptera (piolhos parasitas de aves e mamíferos) evoluíram de uma linhagem que se originou da subordem de Psocoptera denominada Troctomorpha e com isso deixaram de ser animais de vida livre, com hábitos alimentares que incluíam detritos de origem animal e vegetal, filmes de cianobactérias, fungos e líquens (Broadhead & Richards 1982) e passaram a ser ectoparasitos obrigatórios de aves e mamíferos, incluindo agora em seus hábitos alimentares restos de pele, penas e secreções sanguíneas (Price et al. 2003). Indícios atuais desta transição são muitas vezes inferidos por meio de inúmeros registros de espécies de Liposcelididae (Troctomorpha) encontrados nas penas e nos ninhos de aves e na pelagem de mamíferos (New 1972d; Lienhard 1986; Baz 1990). Ainda não há um consenso com relação à subordinação de Phthiraptera dentro da subordem Troctomorpha (Psocoptera) e nem há uma proposta taxonômica para organizar os grupos subordinados (subordens) de Psocodea. Por isso, e pelo fato de os especialistas de Psocoptera e de Phthiraptera realizarem procedimentos muito distintos com relação a metodologia dos estudos taxonômicos para cada grupo, é utilizado aqui o artifício de tratar os dois grupos, Psocoptera e Phthiraptera, ainda de forma independente no presente capítulo. Nesta nova classificação, a ordem Psocodea inclui 10.937 espécies atuais no mundo e 1.011 no Brasil.
Modeling the Effect of Approach Motives, Self-Compassion and Mindfulness on Sexual Intimacy of Married Nurses with the Mediating Role of Alexithymia
Authors: Karami Tayebeh , Behbodi Masoumeh , Jahangir Pantea
Published: December 2023

Objective: The purpose of this study was to model the effect of approach motives, self-compassion and mindfulness on the sexual intimacy of married nurses with the mediating role of alexithymia. Methods and Materials: The statistical population included all married nurses in Ilam city in 2023, from which 240 nurses were selected as a sample using available sampling. To collect data, Sacrifice Motives Questionnaire (SNQ), Self-Compassion Scale (SCS), Freiburg Mindfulness Questionnaire (FMI-SF), Couples Sexual Intimacy Questionnaire (CSIQ) and Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) were used. In the present study, the evaluation of the proposed model was done using structural equation modelling, and the bootstrap method (AMOS-24 software) was used to test indirect relationships. Findings: The fit indices of the proposed model have an acceptable fit with the data and the direct paths of approach motives, self-compassion and mindfulness to alexithymia and alexithymia to sexual intimacy were statistically significant. Also, the indirect paths of approach motives, self-compassion and mindfulness to sexual intimacy through alexithymia were statistically significant. Conclusion: Alexithymia has a mediating role between predictor variables (approach motives, self-compassion and mindfulness) and criterion (sexual intimacy). In other words, the motivations of approach, self-compassion and mindfulness can cause sexual intimacy in nurses through the reduction of alexithymia.
Substantiation and prospects of using insects as a source of protein in fish feeds (a review)
Authors:   Institute of Fisheries of the NAAS, Kyiv, Deren O. , Fedorenko M. ,   State institution «Methodological and technological center of aquaculture», Kyiv
Published: December 2023

Purpose. Analysis of the prospects and experience of using insects as an alternative source of animal protein in aquaculture. Scientific and practical substantiation of the introduction of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) into fish feeds. Evaluation of the effeciency of the use of insect protein in solving the issues of sustainable development of aquaculture. Findings. World resources and trends in the use of animal protein in feed production have been characterized. The biological and functional characteristics, as well as the quality and safety of animal protein have been analyzed. Insect protein is considered a non-traditional feed component for Ukrainian aquaculture. It should be noted that the use of insect protein in feeding different fish species requires special approaches, in accordance with the biological needs of their body and the stage of ontogenesis. Also, the efficiency of the use of insect protein in fish feeds depends on the methodological approaches of its introduction, the amount of use, as well as the feed component replaced in the basic diet. On the example of the results of scientific studies on the introduction of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) in fish feeds, promising directions and methods of using this insect species have been identified. The positive effect of experimental feeding on productive parameters, feed conversion, quality and safety of farmed fish products have been noted. The limiting factors for increasing insect protein production in accordance with technological parameters and biological characteristics have been analyzed in detail. It is noted that the industrial production of insects can be a solution to the problem of processing industrial and organic waste as a result of their use for nutrition. The feasibility and prospects of using insect protein in aquaculture in Ukraine have been outlined. The authors have analyzed modern sources of professional scientific literature in accordance with the study of the state and prospects of using traditional and non-traditional sources of animal protein in fish feeds. Using the example of the black soldier fly, the authors characterize the efficiency of the use of insect protein in aquaculture, its biological characteristics and technological parameters of production. Practical value. The literature review covers modern approaches and prospects for optimizing aquaculture. It can be used by fish farming specialists for scientific studies and practical experimental developments. Keywords: animal protein, insect protein, black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens, fish feeds, non-traditional feed components, tenological parameters, biological characteristics, aquaculture.
ISOLAMENTO DE LÍDERES DE FACÇÕES CRIMINOSAS NO SISTEMA PENITENCIÁRIO BRASILEIRO.
Authors: Macedo Roberta Cristina Garcia
Published: December 2023

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo discutir a comunicação de líderes de facções criminosas com o mundo exterior e os efeitos de tal comunicação. Ainda que encarcerados, líderes de facções criminosas conseguem burlar as regras do cárcere, utilizando-se de artifícios para dar continuidade à comunicação com o mundo exterior, dando continuidade ao comando de suas atividades criminosas. De dentro das unidades prisionais, as lideranças de facções criminosas continuam a ordenar a prática de rebeliões, homicídios e a comandar o tráfico de drogas, desafiando autoridades. Nessa linha, este trabalho visa discutir a necessidade de isolamento efetivo de tais lideranças criminosas nos estabelecimentos prisionais brasileiros, que já foram responsáveis por vários eventos de grande proporção, danosos à sociedade. Por fim, o trabalho apresenta como objetivo a discussão acerca das ações já tomadas pelas autoridades da área da segurança pública para o efetivo isolamento e os efeitos dessas ações nas unidades prisionais estaduais e federais.
INVASÃO À LEGALIZAÇÃO
Authors: Leismann Gustavo Luiz Ferreira
Published: December 2023

O presente trabalho perpassa pela análise do território e as relações de poder e interesses existentes em razão de sua imperiosa necessidade para a vida e reprodução de todos os seres vivos na terra. A discussão e preocupação é ainda mais acentuada quanto à ocupação do território amazônico, com enfoque no Estado de Rondônia. A colonização na região amazônica, incluindo-se o Estado de Rondônia, com diversos ciclos econômicos e acentuada nas décadas finais do século XX, ocasionou a destruição dos recursos naturais e, a princípio, fomentada pelo Estado, se tornou, na atualidade, um grande problema em razão dos impactos ambientais e conflitos de terras. Em que pese a criação de espaços ambientalmente protegidos, como os são as Unidades de Proteção Integral ou Sustentável, os sistemas político e econômico continuam a fomentar, de forma direta e indireta, a destruição de recursos naturais e invasão de áreas e públicas. No Estado de Rondônia, o modus operandi se inicia a partir da valorização já exploradas, o que força a abertura de novas áreas protegidas, gerando destruição do meio ambiente e conflitos agrários. Nesse ínterim, o Estado, muitas vezes, ao invés de impedir, atua como agente legitimador, quando legaliza as invasões por meio da alteração do Zoneamento Ecológico Econômico – ZEE, a exemplo da Vila de União Bandeirantes, Distrito de Porto Velho/RO. Ou seja, invadir para legalizar, se tornou uma constante no Estado de Rondônia. Por fim, é analisado um recente caso de invasão na Estação Ecológica de Samuel, situada em Candeias do Jamari/RO, as nuances processuais, o mesmo modus operandi de outras invasões e a letargia do Estado em pôr fim a mais um grave ilícito.
NOVAS FERRAMENTAS TECNOLÓGICAS PARA MONITORAMENTO AMBIENTAL E O MINISTÉRIO PÚBLICO DE RONDÔNIA
Authors: Oliveira Adilson Donizeti de
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo tem como foco analisar as principais características do sistema de monitoramento remoto, o qual pode ser utilizado em conjunto com a inteligência artificial para maximizar os seus resultados. Será importante realizar essa análise introdutória para verificar a possibilidade de utilização desses serviços na fiscalização acerca do desmatamento, em especial, a efetuada pelo Ministério Público na defesa do meio ambiente, garantindo, assim, maior segurança a esse bem de uso comum do povo.
VIABILIDADE ECONÔMICA E DO POTENCIAL PARA A REDUÇÃO DOS IMPACTOS AMBIENTAIS NO PROCESSO DE RECAPAGEM DE PNEUS
Authors: Costa Sandriely Soares Rodrigues da
Published: December 2023

Pneus são amplamente utilizados na sociedade, mas sua destinação inadequada gera preocupação socioambiental. O descarte em corpos d'água, escorregamento nos aterros sanitários, flutuação de gases e ar, exposição a vetores, vazamentos de líquidos e queimas afetam a qualidade do ar, liberando altos teores de dióxido de enxofre, dentre outros impactos. O objetivo do presente artigo científico consiste em problematizar e discutir a recapagem de pneus como uma estratégia de amenização dos impactos ambientais dos resíduos, dando ênfase para a sustentabilidade e para o campo do Direito Ambiental Econômico. Para tanto, foi conduzida uma pesquisa de cunho bibliográfico. Os resultados permitiram a validação da recapagem de pneus como uma estratégia para amenizar os impactos ambientais dos pneus, bem como demonstraram a viabilidade econômica da técnica.
Evaluation of Dentistry Students’ Perspectives of Specialization in Restorative Dentistry
Authors: ATILAN YAVUZ Sevim , OZDEMIR Zeyneb Merve , GURSEL SURMELİOGLU Derya
Published: December 2023

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the perspectives of the students studying at the faculty of dentistry on the specialization in the field of restorative treatment.
Materials and Methods: A total of 139 students, comprising 4th and 5th graders enrolled at the XXX University Faculty of Dentistry, participated in the study. Of these, 71 students were in the 4th grade, while 68 were in the 5th grade. Students were administered a 10-question questionnaire about their evaluation of specialization in dentistry. The data collected was subjected to statistical analysis using the chi-square test. The statistical significance of the findings is at a level of p<0.05.
Results: The most popular specialty in dentistry is Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, with 45.3% of respondents selecting it as their first choice. The majority of respondents, at 66.9%, reported that they first became aware of the Restorative Dentistry department within the preclinical department. According to the survey, 47.5% of the students stated that the Restorative Dentistry department was primarily influenced by their clinical experience.
Conclusion: It is widely acknowledged that the preclinical period is a critical juncture in shaping dental students' initial impressions of various specialties. Furthermore, a range of factors, including clinical exposure, income expectations, and personal interests, play a significant role in determining the specialty that a student may choose to pursue.
Facial artery: anatomical variations in the perioral region in cadavers
Authors: Nguyen Vu Hoang , Cheng-Kuan Lin , Nguyen Tuan Anh , Cai Trang Huu Ngoc Thao
Published: December 2023

Background: In recent years, there has been an increase in reports of perioral vascular complications resulting from filler injections, such as necrosis of the lip or alar rim, occlusion, and in severe cases, blindness. Conversely, the use of perioral arterial flaps is becoming more prevalent in the treatment of cleft lips, cancer, and trauma. A thorough understanding of perioral arteries is essential to minimize complications and maximize the success of these flaps. However, the course of the facial artery (FA) in the perioral region remains incompletely understood. The aim of this study was to describe the variations of the FA in the perioral region.Methods: We dissected 52 embalmed and formaldehyde-fixed Vietnamese cadavers. We then studied the size and distribution of perioral arteries in 102 specimens.Results: The superior labial artery (SLA) was the most common branch, occurring in 87.25% of cadavers, followed by the inferior labial artery (ILA) at 78.43%. The SLA primarily originated above the mouth corner (cheilion), accounting for 91.01% of cases, and predominantly exhibited a tortuous course within the submucosa (78.65%). The ILA’s branching pattern varied, but it was primarily located below the cheilion (91.25%). The ILA also followed a twisted path, generally within the submucosa. The ILA exhibited two patterns: the typical pattern, distributed at the vermilion border of the lower lip (8.82%), and the horizontal labiomental artery pattern, which ran horizontally in the middle of the lower lip area (69.61%). At their origin, the SLA and ILA had average external diameters of 1.29 mm and 1.28 mm, respectively.Conclusion: Numerous anatomical variations in the FA in the perioral region were found. A detailed anatomic description, suggested landmarks, and angiography before the procedure will be useful to help doctors avoid complications.
Erosionar la representación de una disciplina escolar: recuerdos, concepciones y formación docente en la Historia del Arte
Authors: López-Castelló Raúl
Published: December 2023

El presente artículo relaciona el entramado teórico que fundamenta el código disciplinar de una materia escolar con la línea de investigación centrada en los recuerdos y la reestructuración de las concepciones docentes. Se pretende erigir con ello un marco integrado desde el que entender la incidencia de los rasgos tradicionales de los códigos disciplinares para contribuir a su erosión desde la formación (inicial) docente. De este modo, se ha procedido a la revisión de la literatura académica en torno a los dos campos mencionados, apuntando las conexiones existentes y sus posibles ajustes para lograr un cambio conceptual docente fundamentado. En este sentido, el estudio se apoya, principalmente, en el ámbito de la Didáctica de las Ciencias Sociales, particularmente en la enseñanza y aprendizaje de la Historia del Arte, resaltando las implicaciones investigativas del entramado teórico dibujado para favorecer una formación docente más crítica.
Écopoétique de la liminalité dans trois romans africains francophones postcoloniaux
Authors: Amouzou Emile
Published: December 2023

Les romans africains francophones analysés, outre le chaos lié à une écologie humaine postcoloniale qui décentre la nature et marque la déconnection de l’homme africain de ses lieux traditionnels, configurent les conditions de possibilités de tendre vers une renaissance. La descente dans les vallées, l’escalade des montagnes, des collines et des arbres, le refuge dans les grottes, l’initiation dans les forêts ou le retour au village constituent une pratique des lieux naturels symboliques qui traduit, au travers des imaginaires ascensionnels, mystiques et cycliques qu’ils figurent, le franchissement du seuil du chaos postcolonial pour affirmer une écologie décoloniale (Malcom Ferdinand) porteuse d’un espoir de renouvellement. Une analyse mythocritique (Gilbert Durand) et écopoétique (Pierre Schoentjes et Xavier Garnier) du corpus permet de poser la nature comme espace liminal où s’effectue l’initiation à l’ère « post pandore postcoloniale ».
'Celui qui est digne d’être aimé' d’Abdellah Taïa : les masculinités remises en cause
Authors: Vilarino Júnior
Published: December 2023

Dans la métafiction épistolaire Celui qui est digne d’être aimé (2017), d’Abdellah Taïa, la performativité rend possible que des personnages masculins et féminins, Européens et Arabes, consolident des oppressions masculinistes et racistes. Nous avançons l’hypothèse d’une double valence de la masculinité dans ce récit afin d’analyser d’abord, à travers la notion de « bloc hégémonique masculin » (Demetriou, 2015), le rôle actif d’Ahmed dans l’altérisation de son identité d’immigrant arabe. Nous proposerons ensuite que le concept de masculinité hégémonique (Connell, 2015) reste un opérateur pertinent pour aborder les motivations orientalistes d’Emmanuel. Nous essayons de démontrer enfin que l’identification d’Ahmed à des personnages féminins opprimés, alliée à son jugement de l’engagement sexuel d’André Gide avec un adolescent arabe, lui permet de rompre avec une masculinité orientaliste oppressante et d’enlever le masque blanc (Fanon, 1952) d’immigrant africain gay parvenu et intégré. Nous démontrerons que le travail sur les masculinités est récurrent dans l’œuvre d’Abdellah Taïa et que Celui qui est digne d’être aimé, comme un roman décolonial, constitue un tournant politique par lequel l’auteur associe les masculinités à l’orientalisme européen.
Two-way Dispatched function in Sonic hedgehog shedding and transfer to high-density lipoproteins
Authors: Ehring K. , Ehlers S.F. , Froese J. , Gude F. , Puschmann J. , Grobe K.
Published: December 2023

The Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway controls embryonic development and tissue homeostasis after birth. This requires regulated solubilization of dual-lipidated, firmly plasma membrane-associated Shh precursors from producing cells. Although it is firmly established that the resistance-nodulation-division transporter Dispatched (Disp) drives this process, it is less clear how lipidated Shh solubilization from the plasma membrane is achieved. We previously showed that Disp enhances proteolytic Shh solubilization from its lipidated terminal peptide anchors. This process, called shedding, converts tightly membrane-associated hydrophobic Shh precursors into delipidated soluble proteins. We show here that Disp-mediated Shh shedding is modulated by a serum factor that we identify as high-density lipoprotein (HDL). In addition to serving as soluble sinks for free membrane cholesterol, HDLs also accept the cholesterolmodified Shh peptide from Disp. The cholesteroylated Shh peptide is required and sufficient for Disp-mediated transfer because mCherry linked to cholesteroylated peptides associates with HDL in a Disp-dependent manner, but an N-palmitoylated Shh variant that lacks C-cholesterol does not. Disp-mediated Shh transfer to HDL is finalized by proteolytic processing of the palmitoylated N-terminal membrane anchor. Unlike dual processed soluble Shh with moderate bioactivity, HDL-associated N-processed Shh is highly bioactive. We suggest that the purpose of different post-translationally modified soluble Shh forms generated from one dual-lipidated cellular precursor is to fine-tune cellular responses in a tissue type-specific and time-specific manner.
Bridging the gap between presynaptic hair cell function and neural sound encoding
Authors: Jaime Tobón Lina María , Moser Tobias
Published: December 2023

Neural diversity can expand the encoding capacity of a circuitry. A striking example of diverse structure and function is presented by the afferent synapses between inner hair cells (IHCs) and spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) in the cochlea. Presynaptic active zones at the pillar IHC side activate at lower IHC potentials than those of the modiolar side that have more presynaptic Ca
2+
- channels. The postsynaptic SGNs differ in their spontaneous firing rates, sound thresholds and operating ranges. While a causal relationship between synaptic heterogeneity and neural response diversity seems likely, experimental evidence linking synaptic and SGN physiology has remained difficult to obtain. Here, we aimed at bridging this gap by
ex vivo
paired recordings of IHCs and postsynaptic SGN boutons with stimuli and conditions aimed to mimic those of
in vivo
SGN-characterization. Synapses with high spontaneous rate of release (
SR
) were found predominantly on the pillar side of the IHC. These high
SR
synapses had larger and more compact spontaneous EPSCs, lower voltage-thresholds, tighter coupling of Ca
2+
channels and vesicular release sites, shorter response latencies and higher initial release rates. This study indicates that synaptic heterogeneity in IHCs directly contributes to the diversity of spontaneous and sound-evoked firing of SGNs.Sound encoding relies on spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) with diverse spontaneous firing, sound thresholds of firing and sound-intensity range over which SGN firing rate changes. Such functional SGN diversity might originate from different input from afferent synapses with inner hair cells (IHCs). The present study addresses this hypothesis by using recordings from individual IHC-SGN synapses of hearing mice under
ex vivo
conditions aimed to mimic cochlear physiology. The results provide evidence that synaptic heterogeneity in IHCs contributes to SGN firing diversity. Thus, the cochlea employs heterogeneous synapses to decompose sound information into different neural pathways that collectively inform the brain about sound intensity.
Current status and distribution of major RNA viruses infecting onion and garlic crops in Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Hamza Muhammad Zubair , Ashfaq Muhammad , Riaz Hasan , Saeed Shafqat
Published: December 2023

Onion (Allium cepa L.) and garlic (Allium sativum L.) are significant bulbous vegetables well known for their kitchen and medicinal values across the globe including Pakistan. Allium crops are highly vulnerable to many notorious RNA viruses fit in different genera viz., Allexivirus, Potyvirus, Tospovirus and Carlavirus. These viruses are known to inflict colossal and havoc yield losses up to 50% in allium crops wherever they grown. The occurrence of allium viruses in Pakistan has already been reported, but in single crop and only a few studies describe their incidence and distribution. The study examined the current scenario and distribution of major RNA viruses infecting Allium crops in Punjab, Pakistan. Field surveys were carried out in 14 districts of Punjab province as well as capital territory Islamabad of Pakistan, for two consecutive growing seasons (2019 and 2020). The 3000 leaf samples collected, 1675 samples (Onion 791, Garlic 884) were found positive for RNA viruses by using specie specific DAS-ELISA and further confirmed through reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results revealed the presence of RNA viruses with overall disease incidence of 52.7% and the highest disease incidence was observed as Onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV) 58% following Irish yellow spot virus (IYSV) 41.8% respectively in onion crop during 2019-2020. Similarly, in garlic crop overall disease incidence of RNA viruses was noticed as 58.9% and the highest disease incidence of OYDV was observed as 45%, following IYSV 32.4% and GarV-C 22.5% respectively during 2019-2020. Comparatively, disease incidence and geographical distribution of viruses was variable in surveyed regions of both crops during surveyed period, whereas OYDV and IYSV were most prevalent viruses infecting onion and garlic crops and GarV-C found only in garlic. The current study also concluded the importance to disseminate the information/awareness among the farmers regarding viral diseases and their management by using different strategies including use of resistant genotypes.
Keywords: Allium crops; RNA viruses; ELISA; RT-PCR; Disease incidence; Virus distribution
Evaluation of cytogenotoxic effect of potassium acetate on Allium cepa L. root tips
Authors: Hussein Nasreen Jalal
Published: December 2023

Potassium acetate is a food additive used for preserving and regulating acidity (buffering agent) of processed food. The continuous use of food additives in our various foodstuffs made it necessary to test their possible toxicity. This research aims to test the cytogenotoxic effects of the food additive potassium acetate (E261) by using Allium cepa test system. The parameters tested were: root length, root number, mitotic index, and mitotic abnormalities. The concentrations of potassium acetate were: 0,00% (control), 0,05%, 0,10%, 0.15%, 0,20%, and 0,25%. The onions were incubated in different concentrations of potassium acetate for 72 hours. The roots were then taken and spread on a microscopic slide by squash method. The results showed that the tested food additive had a positive effect on root length, root number, and mitotic index at 0.05%. However, it had mitodepressive effect at higher concentrations and also decreased root length and root number as compared to the control. Total mitotic abnormalities increased with increasing the food additive concentration. The different mitotic abnormalities observed were laggard chromosomes, C-mitosis, multipolar anaphase, sticky metaphase, binucleate, sticky anaphase, and micronuclei. The highest effect of the test material was observed at 0.25% potassium acetate. These results suggest that this food additive is mutagenic and can be harmful if used in high concentrations in food.
Keywords: Food additive, Meristematic cells, Mitotic index, Abnormalities
Cytotoxic and anti-metastatic action mediates the anti-proliferative activity of Rhazya stricta Decne inducing apoptotic cell death in human cancer cells: Implication in chemopreventive mechanism
Authors: Ullah Mohammad Fahad , M. Abuduhier Faisel , H. Bhat Showket , Ahmad Aamir , Ajmal Mohammad Rehan , Mustafa Syed Khalid
Published: December 2023

Cancer is associated with a high rate of pre-mature mortality worldwide and serves as a significant impediment to extended life expectancy, leading to undesirable long-term effects on the quality of life of the patients. Bioactive chemical products derived from natural sources have an important place in the well-being of the human population since ancient times. Compounds derived from natural sources have dominated the drug discovery programs in the last five decades and comprise a substantial proportion of current-day pharmaceutical agents. Rhazya stricta, an evergreen shrub, it belongs to family Apocynaceae of order Gentianales, and the Rhazya stricta is known to have certain medicinal properties, as the Middle East and South Asian traditional medicine employed this plant as a cure for different diseases. Herein, the hydro-methanolic extract of Rhazya stricta Decne has been studied for its effect on spectrum of cancer cells, including LNCaP, C4-2B, PC-3 prostate cancer cells, MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, SKBR3 breast cancer cells, A-549 lung cancer cells and BxPC-3, MiaPaCa-2 pancreatic cancer. Hydro-methanolic extract of Rhazya stricta Decne in a dose-dependent manner, showed progressive inhibition of cell growth by induction of cell death in the treated human cancer cells. The IC value range for different breast cancer cell lines was 142-178 µg/ml; for prostate cancer cell lines, it was 90-148 µg/ml; for pancreatic cancer cell lines 116-166 µg/ml and for the lung cancer cells, it was reported to be 180 µg/ml. The anti-metastatic potential of extract was indicated by the notable reduction in invasiveness and cell migration. Moreover, the structurally diverse phytochemical rich extract, also downregulates the signaling of NF-kB and the NF-kB downstream target cytokine VEGF, providing an insight into the anticancer action mechanism.Keywords: Cell biology; Cancer chemoprevention; Anticancer drugs; Cell signaling; Natural compounds