bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simulating Radio Synchrotron Morphology, Spectra, and Polarization of Cosmic Ray Driven Galactic Winds
Authors: Chiu 邱 H.-H. Sandy 懷萱 , Ruszkowski Mateusz , Thomas Timon , Werhahn Maria , Pfrommer Christoph
Published: November 2024

The formation of galaxies is significantly influenced by galactic winds, possibly driven by cosmic rays due to their long cooling times and better coupling to plasma compared to radiation. In this study, we compare the radio observations of the edge-on galaxy NGC 4217 from the CHANG-ES collaboration catalog with a mock observation of an isolated galaxy based on the arepo simulation that adopts the state-of-the-art two-moment cosmic ray transport treatment and multiphase interstellar medium model. We find significant agreement between the simulated and observed images and spectroscopic data for reasonable model parameters. Specifically, we find that (i) the shape of the intensity profiles depends weakly on the magnitude of the magnetic field, the distance of the simulated galaxy, and the normalization of the CR electron spectrum. The agreement between the mock and actual observations is degenerate with respect to these factors; (ii) the multiwavelength spectrum above 0.1 GHz is in agreement with the radio observations and its slope is also only weakly sensitive to the magnetic field strength; (iii) the magnetic field direction exhibits X-shaped morphology, often seen in edge-on galaxies, which is consistent with the observations and indicates the presence of a galactic-scale outflow. Our results highlight the importance of incorporating advanced cosmic ray transport models in simulations and provide a deeper understanding of galactic wind dynamics and its impact on galaxy evolution.
Exploring the Small-scale Magnetic Fields of the Solar Analog KIC 8006161 Using Asteroseismology
Authors: Lin Guifang , Li Yan , Su Jie , Wu Tao , Wang Yuetong
Published: November 2024

The magnetic field is a significant and universal physical phenomenon in modern astrophysics. Small-scale magnetic fields are very important in the stellar atmosphere. They are ubiquitous and strongly couple with acoustic waves. Therefore, their presence affects the properties of acoustic waves in the stellar outer layer. In the present work, under the assumption that small-scale magnetic features are the cause of the asteroseismic surface term (the frequency-dependent frequency offset between stars and their models), we explore the strength of such fields in the solar analog KIC 8006161. By considering the effect of small-scale magnetic fields in the stellar photosphere, we use the observed oscillation frequencies to constrain the inner structures and surface small-scale magnetic fields of solar-like star KIC 8006161. To agree with the existing observations, such as oscillation frequencies, and their frequency separation ratios, the theoretical model requires a small-scale magnetic field to form a magnetic-arch splicing layer in the stellar outer atmosphere. The small-scale magnetic field strengths for KIC 8006161 obtained from best-fit model with Y
init = 0.249 + 1.33 Z
init and Y
init as a free parameter are approximately 96 and 89 G, respectively. The corresponding locations of the magnetic-arch splicing layer are about 522 and 510 km, respectively.
Crater Equilibrium State Characterization given Crater Production from a Single Power Law
Authors: Hirabayashi Masatoshi , Fassett Caleb I. , Costello Emily S. , Minton David A.
Published: November 2024

We generalize the crater equilibrium concept, a terminal state on a cratered surface where the balance of crater production and erasure apparently limits the crater population from further growth. Assuming the crater production consists of a single power law, our model identifies four classes of crater equilibrium. The first class is the most common state, where the power-law slope for the equilibrium size–frequency distribution is independent of the crater production slope power. The second class arises when there is efficient degradation of larger craters by smaller crater production, which results in dependence of the crater equilibrium slope power on the crater production slope power. The third class is another common state when a shallow production function causes a crater equilibrium state with a similarly shallow slope. This class results from the enhanced degradation of smaller craters by larger crater production. The fourth class is a combination of the second and third classes. We further compare the concept of geometric saturation, which has been widely used to quantify the level of crater equilibrium, and that of cookie-cutter saturation. We present a crucial update to the cookie-cutter saturation concept that brings models closer to the reality of crater accumulation over a range of sizes than the geometric saturation concept. Our model offers simpler analytical formulae for cookie-cutter saturation and proposes this concept as a more meaningful reference to argue the crater equilibrium level. Our work and earlier studies confirm the consistency of the crater equilibrium concepts, enabling deeper interpretations of crater equilibrium.
First-principles modeling of electron-phonon scattering rates in graphene
Authors: Mishchanka Valery N.
Published: November 2024

Graphene, which has a high mobility of charge carriers, which exceeds the mobility of charge carriers for all known materials, is currently considered as one of the most promising materials for the creation of new semiconductor devices. The results of modeling of electron scattering rates are presented for the acoustic and optical phonons in a single layer of graphene without a substrate for small values of energy, which do not exceed 1 eV. When modeling these rates, variants of both emission and absorption of phonons are considered. The obtained dependences of the charge carrier scattering rates will allow us to study the main characteristics of charge carrier transport in semiconductor structures containing graphene layers by modeling using the Monte Carlo method. Characteristics and parameters of graphene can be used to create new heterostructure devices with improved output characteristics.
Review of the wolf spider genus Halocosa Azarkina & Trilikauskas, 2019 from China (Araneae, Lycosidae)
Authors: Wang Lu-Yu , Irfan Muhammad , Marusik Yuri M. , Zhang Zhi-Sheng
Published: November 2024

The wolf spider genus Halocosa Azarkina & Trilikauskas, 2019 from China is reviewed, including two species: H. cereipes (L. Koch, 1878) (♂♀) and H. hatanensis (Urita, Tang & Song, 1993) (♂♀). Both species are restricted to northern China, with H. cereipes recorded from China for the first time. Halocosa jartica (Urita, Tang & Song, 1993), syn. nov. is synonymized with H. hatanensis (Urita, Tang & Song, 1993). Detailed species descriptions, along with morphological photos, genitalia illustrations, SEM photos of the bulbs and photos of live specimens are also presented.
Simulation tools for FACTS devices optimization problems in electrical power systems
Authors: Alturki Mansoor , Marouani Ismail
Published: November 2024

Technological advancements and ongoing scientific research have significantly contributed to addressing challenges within electrical networks. The emergence of FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission Systems) devices has introduced new opportunities for enhancing the safety and efficiency of these networks. A key focus for researchers in this domain has been optimizing FACTS devices, particularly in terms of identifying the most suitable locations, sizes, and types of controllers within electrical systems. The advent of simulation software has played a crucial role in the evolution of electrical and electronics engineering. Both offline and real-time simulation tools have gained traction in recent years, proving essential for the effective management of power systems and FACTS controllers. In this paper, we present a comprehensive overview of modeling, classification, and simulation-based approaches to various optimization challenges associated with FACTS controllers. We examined a range of simulation platforms, including MATLAB/Simulink, PSAT, EMTDC/PSC etc., assessing their effectiveness in evaluating the performance of optimized FACTS controllers and their dynamic interactions within power networks.
The Impacts of Managerial Autonomy on Firm Outcomes
Authors: Kala Namrata
Published: November 2024

The allocation of decision‐making power is a critical choice that organizations make to mitigate agency problems and information frictions. This paper investigates the role of delegation for organizations where the agency problem is both pervasive and has potentially high welfare consequences: state‐owned enterprises (SOEs). I use a natural experiment in India to uncover the causal effects of granting SOE managers more autonomy over strategic decisions. Managers meaningfully exercise this autonomy, which results in greater value added, but also a reduced emphasis on outcomes valued by the government, such as a reduction in worker amenities (employee housing), and an increase in markups. Returns to autonomy are higher for firms with higher baseline incentive conflict.
Apprendre les langues aux machines
Authors: Sagot Benoît
Published: November 2024

À l’automne 2022, le lancement de ChatGPT a installé l’intelligence artificielle au cœur de l’actualité. Chacun a pu s’emparer de cet agent conversationnel et prendre la mesure de sa puissance, mais son fonctionnement est resté pour beaucoup mystérieux. Cette leçon inaugurale lève le voile sur un domaine de recherche auquel il doit son existence, le traitement automatique des langues, ou TAL.Pas à pas, l’auteur nous conduit à travers l’histoire du TAL afin de dégager les enjeux actuels de cette discipline aussi ancienne que l’informatique et qui s’efforce d’apprendre les langues aux machines. Comment en est-on arrivé à l’apprentissage automatique, aux réseaux de neurones et aux modèles génératifs ? Quels aspects éthiques requièrent notre vigilance face à l’accélération de la recherche et de l’innovation ? En fin de compte, ChatGPT est-il vraiment une révolution ?
Exposition et exhortation : deux facettes du discours écologique
Authors: Ferré Gaëlle
Published: November 2024

« Un discours argumentatif vise à influencer les opinions, les attitudes ou les comportements d’un interlocuteur ou d’un public en rendant une déclaration crédible ou acceptable » (Adam, 1992 : 116). Il existe cependant différentes manières d’atteindre cet objectif, comme le montre une collection de vidéos variées collectées sur Internet. Cet article propose une analyse de deux styles présents dans les discours écologiques qui peuvent être de nature expositive, mais qui peuvent aussi se rapprocher de l’exhortation, les écologistes souhaitant inciter les gouvernements à agir sur la question du réchauffement climatique. Une différence de complexité et/ou d’intensité multimodale est observée entre les deux styles.L’analyse qualitative développée dans cet article montre que le discours expositif s’exprime par l’utilisation de nombreux exemples et d’explications sur les processus et les systèmes. Les reformulations et les définitions ne sont pas rares dans ce type de discours. Prosodiquement proche du discours pédagogique, le discours expositif peut être prononcé avec des accents emphatiques. Sur le plan multimodal, ce style discursif s’appuie sur des ressources visuelles (diaporama, cartes, etc.) et la gestuelle des locuteurs comprend principalement trois types de gestes : des gestes d’organisation du discours, des pointages vers des supports visuels, et des gestes représentationnels (McNeill, 2005) qui illustrent le contenu verbal du discours et peuvent même compléter d’autres types de visuels.Pour sa part, l’exhortation s’exprime plutôt par un recours à l’hyperbole (Druetta, 2015a ; Ferré, 2014), à la métaphore et aux contrastes. La scansion prosodique est également présente dans ce type de discours, les syllabes accentuées sont plus rapprochées que dans la parole non scandée. Elles sont également emphatiques et prononcées avec un allongement syllabique, mais aussi une hauteur intonative plus élevée, éventuellement un mouvement intonatif plus important ainsi qu’une intensité plus élevée (Brenier et al., 2005 ; Herment-Dujardin & Hirst, 2003 ; Simon & Grobet, 2005). La scansion rythmique est régulièrement accompagnée de gestes de battement (Biau & Soto-Faraco, 2013 ; Dimitrova et al., 2016 ; Ferré, 2019), tandis que des points de vue contrastés sont fréquemment exprimés par des gestes de la main effectués dans différentes parties de l’espace personnel du locuteur (McNeill et al., 1993).
The 2024 Nobel prize in Medicine: impact on hemostasis and thrombosis research
Authors: Bury Loredana , Malvestiti Marco , Gresele Paolo
Published: November 2024

On October 7th,  the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded jointly to Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun for the discovery of microRNA and its role in post-transcriptional gene regulation...
Audiovestibular Correlates in an Individual with a Retrocerebellar Arachnoid Cyst
Authors: Ramamoorthy Pranesh , Ramamoorthy Santhoshi , Razack Dilna
Published: November 2024

The central vestibular lesion is mainly responsible for vertigo without nausea and may manifest with localized neurological symptoms such as diplopia, ataxia, and decreased cranial nerve function. This case study focuses on detailed audiological and vestibular assessment procedures patient with unidentified and later identified with arachnoid cysts in the retrocerebellar region. A 40-year-old female presented with a complaint of giddiness and instability, with each episode of giddiness lasting up to 10–15 min with unconsciousness. The results of the audiological evaluation indicated bilateral moderate sensorineural hearing loss, with an “Add” type tympanogram in both the ears. The findings of vestibular evaluation suggested of positive central vestibular lesion. This case report emphasizes differential diagnosis between peripheral and central vestibular lesions and requires detailed analysis and correlation of audiological and neurological symptoms. We recommend to use HINTS or HINTS+, which can help in episode of acute vertigo.
An Unusually Shaped Mastoid Osteoma
Authors: Dhorje Nikhil Rajendra
Published: November 2024

We present a case of osteoma of the mastoid region of the right temporal bone presenting as a single, painless, hard, postauricular mass. Osteomas are benign osteogenic tumors mostly affecting frontal and ethmoidal sinuses. Temporal osteomas are extremely rare with < 150 cases being reported in the literature; within the temporal bone, osteoma rarely affects the mastoid but commonly involves the external auditory meatus, middle ear, and styloid process.
A Comparative Study on Videonystagmography in Patients with Vertigo between Open-Loop and Closed-Loop Irrigation Technique
Authors: Kumar S. Praveen , Mukundhan P. , Ahamed M. Aqil , Suresh V. , Gowrishankar M.
Published: November 2024

Background and Aims:

Patients with balance disorders are evaluated by a battery of vestibular function tests including videonystagmography (VNG). However, the caloric test component of VNG is risky to be performed in patients with ear infections. In order to perform the test in such patients, closed-loop technique has been performed. This study aimed to compare the efficacies of closed- and open-loop techniques of the caloric test using VNG in patients with vertigo so that it can be applied to patients with ear infections also.

Setting and Design:

A prospective study was conducted at the neurotology clinic in our tertiary health-care Institution between May 2019 and April 2020.

Subjects and Methods:

The study involved 83 patients aged between 20 and 60 years with complaints of giddiness patients who were evaluated using videonystagmography with open-loop and closed-loop method and the results were compared.

Results:

By comparing the outcome of caloric responses in both ears using both these techniques, it is evident that both techniques’ outcome is similar in detecting the caloric response of the ear as there was no statistically significant differences among both irrigation techniques.

Conclusions:

Closed-loop irrigation technique is equally as effective as open-loop technique in the evaluation of vertigo so that it can be used for the evaluation of vestibular system for patients in whom the open-loop technique is contraindicated.
A Prospective Study for the Comparative Evaluation of Pediatric and Adult Cholesteatoma
Authors: Jangid Divya , Samdani Sunil Kumar , Gupta Anjali
Published: November 2024

Aim:

To determine the extent of cholesteatoma by imaging and intraoperative findings in both pediatric and adult category.

Objectives:

To study the extent of disease (cholesteatoma); (a) Radiologically (HRCT-Temporal Bone) and (b) Intraoperatively, to study the post-op hearing outcome and to study the healing period (dry cavity/ epithelization of cavity) following surgery in pediatric and adult category.

Materials and Method:

A prospective observational study was conducted on 60 patients of chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma. Each category had 30 patients, all of which were subjected to thorough preoperative clinical examination and HRCT temporal bone scans. The scans were evaluated with the help of Lynrah et al. grading for the radiological extension of disease. The same grading system was applied for the intraoperative extension of disease. All the patients were scrutinized for upto 6 months for the follow up of mastoid cavity epithelisation and post operative hearing gain results.

Results:

The majority of the patients in both the categories had Grade II disease extension, illustrated in their radiological as well as intraoperative findings signifying an excellent correlation amongst the two. The epithelization of mastoid cavity postoperatively was delayed in pediatric group due to presence of huge voluminous mastoid pneumatisation. The postoperative hearing gain results were good in both the categories.

Conclusion:

It was concluded that limited extension of disease with early diagnosis and timely intervention in pediatric group could result in favorable prognosis in terms of healing of mastoid cavity postoperatively and hearing gain results.
Development and Feasibility of a Novel Comprehensive SPARKS Physiotherapy Protocol for Somatic Tinnitus Associated with Cervical and Temporomandibular Dysfunction: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Welling Aarti , Kage Vijay , Gurudut Peeyoosha , Narulkar Rakshanda , Dusane Pooja , Bhutada Swarangi
Published: November 2024

Context:

Somatic tinnitus is the conscious perception of auditory sensation in the absence of an external stimulus, characterized by buzzing, ringing, hissing, or whistling noises which can affect the quality of life. It may be caused by cervical and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction. To date, there is no comprehensive physiotherapy protocol to manage somatic tinnitus with cervical and TMJ dysfunction. However, there is little evidence about individual physiotherapy approaches and no comprehensive integrated protocol exists for managing tinnitus holistically.

Aims:

This study aimed to develop and assess the feasibility of an integrated SPARKS physiotherapy protocol for individuals suffering from somatic tinnitus.

Settings and Design:

This feasibility study involved 22 participants clinically diagnosed with somatic tinnitus and were randomly assigned to either a control group or an experimental group.

Materials and Methods:

The integrated protocol was developed to manage somatic tinnitus using manual therapy, exercises, and virtual reality. The outcomes were assessed on days 1 and 28 using a tinnitus handicap inventory (THI), sleep disorder questionnaire (SDQ), and neck Bournemouth questionnaire (NBQ) to evaluate tinnitus symptoms, sleep quality, pain reduction, and neck disability.

Results:

Analysis demonstrated significant improvement in all three outcomes in the experimental group (P < 0.05). Between-group analysis of THI (P = 0.0001), SDQ (P = 0.0108), and NBQ (P = 0.0001) indicates a statistically superior improvement in the experimental group, in comparison to the control group (P > 0.05).

Conclusions:

This novel SPARKS physiotherapy protocol for somatic tinnitus has demonstrated superior effectiveness in managing tinnitus compared to traditional medical treatments and it shows a promising and safe multimodal approach.
Evaluating Patient Experience as a Quality Indicator in Postacute Outpatient Physical Therapy Setting: A Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Nambiar Veena Kiran , Desai Sanjay C.
Published: November 2024

Background:

Quality indicators tools are utilized when making clinical decisions, implementing recommendations based on guidelines, and assessing and reporting treatment efficacy to patients and stakeholders. Patient-reported experience measures (PREMs) quantify patient experience, which is distinct from measuring the outcomes of patients. PREMs go beyond subjective assessments of satisfaction to examine patient’s experiences with the health-care system during the course of treatment and quantify those experiences objectively. It is necessary to evaluate both the clinical outcomes and patient experience to achieve goals.

Methods:

This study design was a cross-sectional survey conducted at the physiotherapy outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital with a sample size of 64 patients with acute musculoskeletal conditions after musculoskeletal rehabilitation. After obtaining written informed consent and ethical clearance from the committee, patients were administered post-acute outpatient physical therapy settings questionnaire (PEPAP-Q) using Google Forms before discontinuation of treatment and the responses were recorded and analyzed.

Results:

Descriptive analysis was done for the 64 responses received and the 23 items in the PEPAP-Q were examined. The results showed that 73% of the patients got information about their prognosis from their therapist. In 93% of the responses, the therapist gave full attention to the patient and also considered the safety aspects. Around 50% of patients documented that they had to wait for the treatment as the equipment was not free. Only 67% of the therapists adapted treatment to the mood of the patient.

Conclusion:

PREMs form an important outcome measure contributing to patient-centered quality of care in postacute physiotherapy outpatient settings.
A Comparative Study on Machine Learning Classifiers for Cervical Cancer Prediction: A Predictive Analytic Approach
Authors: Mohi Uddin Khandaker Mohammad , Sikder Iftikhar Ahammad , Hasan Md. Nahid
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION: Cervical cancer is a significant global health concern, particularly in underdeveloped nations where preventive healthcare measures are limited. Early identification of the risks associated with cervical cancer is essential for both prevention and treatment.
OBJECTIVES: In recent years, machine-learning algorithms have gained popularity as potential techniques for determining a person's risk of developing cancer based on demographic and medical information. This study uses a dataset that contains patient demographics, clinical history, and results from diagnostic tests to examine how machine learning-based algorithms can be used to predict the risks of cervical cancer.
METHODS: Various machine learning approaches are used to create predictive systems, including Support Vector Machine (SVM), Naïve Bayes (NB), Decision Tree (DT), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN),  Random Forest (RF), Logistic Regression (LR), Gradient Boosting (GB), Nearest Centroid (NC), Multilayer Perceptron(MP), and AdaBoost (AB).
RESULTS: The prediction capability of these models is assessed using performance metrics such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, f-measure, precision, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC). Our results show that the decision tree has the highest accuracy, precision, and f1-score (98.91%, 97.81%, and 0.9889). Additionally, model performance was optimized by the use of hyperparameter tuning. After hyperparameter adjustment, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) showed superior accuracy of 99.64%, precision of 99.26%, and an F1-score of 0.9963, thereby indicating its potential in cervical cancer probability prediction. We also created a web application that uses a machine-learning model to estimate the risk of cervical cancer.
CONCLUSION: The findings of this study highlight the significance of SVM and demonstrate the potential and capabilities of machine learning techniques to enhance accurate prediction and patient outcomes for cervical cancer screening.
Post–intensive-care morbidity among pediatric patients in Thailand: prevalence, risk factors, and the importance of the post–intensive-care clinic
Authors: Chaiyakulsil Chanapai
Published: November 2024

Background: Long-term survival data for critically ill children discharged to post-intensive care clinics are scarce, especially in Asia. The main objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of post–intensive-care morbidity among pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) survivors at 1 month and 1 year after hospital discharge and to identify the associated risk factors.Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of all children aged 1 month to 15 years who were admitted to the PICU for >48 hours from July 2019 to July 2022 and visited a post–intensive-care clinic 1 month and 1 year after hospital discharge. Post-intensive care morbidity was defined using the Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category (PCPC). Descriptive statistics, univariate, and multivariate analyses were conducted.Results: A total of 111 children visited the clinic at 1 month, and 100 of these children visited the clinic at 1 year. Only 39 of 111 children (35.2%) had normal PCPC assessments at 1 month, while 54 of 100 (54.0%) were normal at 1 year. Baseline developmental delays were significantly associated with any degree of disability and at least moderate disability at both time points. Mechanical ventilation for >7 days was associated with at least moderate disability at both time points, while PICU stay >7 days was significantly associated with moderate disability at 1 month and any degree of disability at 1 year.Conclusions: A substantial percentage of PICU survivors had persistent disabilities even 1 year after critical illness. A structured multidisciplinary post–intensive-care follow-up plan is warranted to provide optimal care for such children.
Amétropies en milieu universitaire à l’institut national medicosanitaire de l’université d’Abomey Calavi, Benin
Authors: Soussia T. , Aïgbè N. , Kpamegan B.B. , Akoha F. , Alamou S. , Gnonlonfoun D.
Published: November 2024

Les vices de réfraction sont des troubles oculaires très courants qui surviennent lorsque des rayons lumineux parallèles entrant dans l’œil  non accommodant ne se focalisent pas sur la rétine.
Objectif : La présente recherche a pour objectif d’étudier les vices de réfraction  chez les apprenants de licence 1 à l’INMeS.
Méthodes : Il s’agissait d’une étude transversale descriptive qui s’est déroulée du  06 juin au 08 juillet 2022 à l’Institut National Médico-Sanitaire (INMeS) et au Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire Hubert Koutoukou  Maga (CNHU-HKM) de Cotonou et a recensé 75 étudiants de licence 1 de l’INMeS. L’acuité visuelle a été mesurée chez tous les étudiants  ainsi que la réfractométrie, simple et sous cyclopégique.
Résultats : La fatigue visuelle (82,67%), le prurit oculaire (60%), les douleurs oculaires (52%) et les clignements palpébraux (50,67%) sont les principaux signes fonctionnels dont se plaignent les étudiants enquêtés.  L’acuité visuelle sans correction était de 10/10 à l’œil droit chez 56 % des étudiants alors qu’ils étaient 54,67 % à lire 10/10 à l’œil gauche  et aux deux yeux. La réfraction sous cycloplégique effectuée à tous les étudiants, quel que soit l’acuité visuelle, a permis de diagnostiquer  98,67 % d’yeux droits comme gauches amétropes. Tous les étudiants amétropes ont présenté des amétropies faibles et la  récupération fonctionnelle après correction des amétropies diagnostiquées chez les étudiants était totale.
Conclusion : Les facteurs qui  influencent négativement des études universitaires sont de divers ordres et les amétropies non corrigées y figurent.
Del resistir al re-existir:
Authors: Olivero Sebastian
Published: November 2024

El Consejo Regional Indigena del Cauca ha desarrollado una movilización social durante más de 50 años. No obstante, desde la academia se han usando conceptos insuficientes para entender los múltiples campos sociales donde las acciones sociales se desarrollan. Así, este trabajo pretende reflexionar sobre las principales características de dicha organización con la intención de fortalecer el concepto de re-existencia en términos teóricos y metodológicos, cuyo uso académico puede ofrecer una alternativa para analizar la complejidad sociológica que significa el movimiento social indígena.
Promovendo a Educação Científica por meio do Clube de Ciências
Authors: Felix Marcia Silva , Almeida Graziele Santos de , Santana Carme Renata Almeida de , Silva Silvana do Nascimento
Published: November 2024

Este artigo explora a integração do Programa de Residência Pedagógica em conjunto com o Clube de Ciências em uma escola pública de tempo integral. O Programa visa estreitar a relação entre a formação acadêmica e a prática educacional, proporcionando aos licenciandos a oportunidade de estarem inseridos em instituições de ensino de educação básica, vivenciando a realidade da sala de aula do ponto de vista do professor, ainda durante sua graduação. O Clube de Ciências, inserido nesse contexto, desempenha um papel importante ao oferecer um espaço prático e envolvente para explorar conceitos científicos. O planejamento integral do projeto foi concebido como proposta de intervenção social, objetivando estimular a curiosidade científica e o pensamento crítico entre os participantes. Durante a execução do projeto, muitos desafios foram enfrentados, mas os resultados indicam um potencial significativo na promoção da Alfabetização Científica e na realização dos objetivos estabelecidos, reforçando assim, a eficácia e impacto positivo da iniciativa. Essa experiência destaca a importância da formação teórico-prática e a eficácia do Clube de Ciências para engajar os alunos de forma prática e investigativa. Compartilhar esses resultados visa contribuir com avanços na educação científica e inspirar práticas pedagógicas motivadoras e possíveis de serem executadas na educação básica.
Formação de professores para uma educação em Biologia
Authors: Venturi Tiago , Bartelmebs Roberta Chiesa , Martins Victoria Emilia Gomes
Published: November 2024

O estudo objetiva narrar a vivência formativa de futuros professores de Ciências e Biologia em um subprojeto do Programa Residência Pedagógica. Ao analisar relatórios finais dos professores formadores e diários de campo dos licenciandos e licenciandas em Ciências Biológicas participantes, emergiram, por meio de análise textual discursiva, quatro categorias relacionadas às experiências, ao planejamento e contribuições teórico-metodológicas, interconexões universidade e escola e formação em pesquisa. Percebeu-se que aprofundamentos teórico-práticos podem contribuir com o desenvolvimento de conhecimentos profissionais necessários para uma Educação em Biologia horizontal entre seres humanos e não-humanos. Considera-se que tais conhecimentos contribuem com uma educação para a diversidade, equidade e justiça social e ambiental em tempos de avanços antidemocráticos, negacionistas da ciência e de crises climáticas.
Os saberes docentes no Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID)
Authors: Flores Ana Luiza Zappe Desordi , Bueno Alana da Cruz , Coutinho Cadidja
Published: November 2024

Este estudo objetivou investigar quais são os saberes docentes que emergem dos relatórios produzidos por um grupo de bolsistas do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência - PIBID Biologia e suas interfaces com a formação de professores. Para tanto, analisou-se uma amostra de 12 relatórios, utilizando 5 etapas metodológicas (Organização do material, Categorização, Contextualização, Interpretação e Conclusão), mediadas pelo software WEBQDA, sob o viés dos saberes docentes de Maurice Tardif. Os resultados apontam a predominância dos saberes Experienciais, que tratam das vivências da práxis, somados aos saberes da Formação Profissional, representados pelas metodologias e técnicas de ensino. Ainda, os dados revelam o potencial formativo do PIBID na construção do profissional docente e nas aproximações entre Universidade e escola.
PIBID e o conhecimento pedagógico do conteúdo
Authors: Ursi Suzana , Armelline Cynthia Carneiro
Published: November 2024

Investigamos o Conhecimento Pedagógico do Conteúdo (CPC) de diversidade vegetal de 2 bolsistas do PIBID envolvidos em atividade de cultivo de alimentos, a partir dos componentes do modelo de Grossman e dos domínios do Modelo Consensual Reginado. O componente Conhecimento das estratégias instrucionais foi o mais desenvolvido, com os bolsistas mobilizando seu CPC em ação e realizando atividades práticas, contextualizadas e centradas na aprendizagem dos estudantes. O Conhecimento do currículo foi o mais frágil. Demostrou-se a influência da participação no PIBID sobre o CPC coletivo, especialmente o local. Ainda, esse CPC coletivo fomentou o CPC pessoal, uma vez que os bolsistas ancoraram fortemente suas ideias para ensinar o tema na experiência vivenciada no Programa.
Analisis Dampak Penerapan Sistem Informasi Manajemen Rumah Sakit dalam Pengambilan Keputusan Manajemen
Authors: Wijaya Kevin Sulay , Komara Endang , Mulyani Kahar
Published: November 2024

This study aims to analyze the impact of the implementation of the Hospital Management Information System (SIMRS) on management decision-making at Drs. H. Abu Hanifah Hospital, Central Bangka Regency. The research method used is a qualitative method with the PIECES (Performance, Information, Economy, Control, Efficiency, Service) approach. This study involved 17 participants who were directly related to the use of SIMRS in hospitals. The results of the study show that even though SIMRS has been implemented well, there are still several obstacles such as incomplete data that affects employee performance. However, in general, SIMRS has a positive impact on information quality and operational efficiency in management decision-making. Recommendations for improvement include improvements in service aspects and periodic system updates.
Sustainable Quail Production with Black Seed Extract: Improving Productivity and Economic Indicators in Compliance with the SDGS
Authors: Nassar Farid Saber , Abbas Ahmed Othman , Gouda Gouda Fathy , Zayed Mohammad Abdallateef
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of Nigella sativa (black seed) extract on quail immunity, oxidative stress, productivity, and economic viability, contributing to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for food security and sustainable agriculture.
 
Method: A total of 500 Japanese quail eggs were divided into five groups, including one control and four experimental groups, and the quail eggs were injected with black seed extract at a concentration of 0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mg per egg at 14 days of incubation. Then, the hatched chicks were reared for 34 days. The injection impact on immune response, antioxidant enzyme levels, live weight, feed conversion ratios, mortality, and economic outcomes was assessed.
 
Results and Discussion: The groups receiving black seed extract showed improved immunity and reduced mortality. At 0.2 mg, antioxidant enzyme levels increased, and treated groups displayed higher live weights and better feed conversion. Economically, the extract, especially at 0.2 mg, proved cost-effective, enhancing profitability and supporting sustainable poultry production. The findings advocate for using natural supplements in poultry farming to boost productivity and economic viability.
 
Research Implications: This study underscores the role of black seed extract in sustainable agriculture, promoting the use of natural supplements to enhance quail production, aligning with global sustainability goals. To determine optimal dosages and long-term impacts, further research is necessary.
 
Originality/Value: This research offers new insights into the use of black seed extract as a natural enhancer in quail production, bridging traditional and modern agricultural practices and supporting the SDGs for food security and sustainable farming.
MPOX (Monkeypox): Current Epidemiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Advances in Treatment and Prevention Strategies
Authors:   Raffles American School, Samut Prakan, Thailand 10540
Published: November 2024

MPOX (formerly known as monkeypox) has emerged as a significant public health concern in recent years, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of its epidemiology, clinical manifestations, treatment options, prevention strategies, and global health impact. This literature review synthesizes the latest data on the spread and incidence of MPOX, with a focus on geographic distribution, affected populations, and emerging trends in transmission. The clinical presentation of MPOX, including symptoms, disease progression, and complications, is explored, with particular attention to variations across different demographics. Recent advances in the treatment of MPOX are analyzed, covering current antiviral therapies, the role of supportive care, and the potential of new treatments under investigation. Prevention strategies are also examined, highlighting the effectiveness of vaccination efforts, public health measures, and containment and control strategies. The review further considers the broader impact of MPOX on global health, discussing its implications for public health policy and pandemic preparedness. Through this comprehensive analysis, the review aims to provide a robust foundation for understanding MPOX and inform future research, clinical practice, and public health initiatives.
Measurement of Science Literacy Skills of Elementary School Teacher Education Students: Development and Validity Testing of Assessment Instruments
Authors:   Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia, Wahyuni Lin , Sarwanto Sarwanto ,   Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia, Atmojo Idam Ragil Widianto ,   Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia
Published: November 2024

This study aims to develop and test the validity and reliability of a scientific literacy instrument for students of the Elementary School Teacher Education (PGSD) Program. The instrument was designed to measure three dimensions of scientific literacy: content knowledge, procedural knowledge, and epistemic knowledge, focusing on Earth and Space Science topics. A total of 18 questions were constructed based on indicators that assess the ability to explain scientific phenomena, evaluate scientific investigations, and interpret scientific data. The instrument was tested on 33 PGSD students at Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS) and analyzed using the Content Validity Index (CVI) and reliability tests via SPSS software. The results indicated that most items were valid, with an S-CVI/Ave value of 0.981 and an S-CVI/UA value of 0.8333. However, one item was found invalid with an I-CVI score of 0.67. The reliability test showed that some questions had a good level of reliability, while others required revision due to low reliability. Additionally, analysis using the Item Response Theory (IRT) revealed that the questions varied in difficulty and discrimination, with most questions having positive discrimination values and a range of difficulty levels. Overall, the instrument was found to be valid and reliable for assessing the scientific literacy of PGSD students, although some questions need revision to improve consistency and accuracy.
Explorando el potencial de la Batería PREFIT como herramienta para evaluar la condición física en preescolares chilenos: Revisión Sistemática Exploratoria
Authors: Toro-Salinas Andrés , Garrido-Méndez Alex , Gallardo-Rodríguez Rodrigo
Published: November 2024

El objetivo de la investigación fue examinar el potencial de la Batería PREFIT como herramienta para la evaluación de la condición física en niños preescolares chilenos, abordando su relación con indicadores de salud. Se llevó a cabo una revisión exploratoria conforme a las directrices de PRISMA-ScR, focalizándose en estudios de los últimos 10 años que emplearon la Batería PREFIT completa en niños de tres a cinco años, explorando asociaciones con variables de salud, excluyendo aspectos cognitivos. Se identificaron 13 estudios pertinentes. Los hallazgos principales revelaron una conexión directa entre una buena condición física y mejores indicadores de salud, contrastando con niveles más altos de sedentarismo, obesidad y peor salud vinculados a una condición física deficiente. Además, se observó que factores como el nivel educativo de los padres, el estatus socioeconómico familiar y la dieta influyen en la adopción de hábitos de vida saludable. Estos resultados respaldan el uso de la Batería PREFIT como una potencial herramienta para la evaluación de la condición física en preescolares chilenos, ofreciendo la posibilidad de valorar y dar seguimiento a intervenciones dirigidas a mejorar la salud y bienestar en dicho grupo etario.
El objetivo de la investigación fue examinar el potencial de la Batería PREFIT como herramienta para la evaluación de la condición física en niños preescolares chilenos, abordando su relación con indicadores de salud. Se llevó a cabo una revisión exploratoria conforme a las directrices de PRISMA-ScR, focalizándose en estudios de los últimos 10 años que emplearon la Batería PREFIT completa en niños de tres a cinco años, explorando asociaciones con variables de salud, excluyendo aspectos cognitivos. Se identificaron 13 estudios pertinentes. Los hallazgos principales revelaron una conexión directa entre una buena condición física y mejores indicadores de salud, contrastando con niveles más altos de sedentarismo, obesidad y peor salud vinculados a una condición física deficiente. Además, se observó que factores como el nivel educativo de los padres, el estatus socioeconómico familiar y la dieta influyen en la adopción de hábitos de vida saludable. Estos resultados respaldan el uso de la Batería PREFIT como una potencial herramienta para la evaluación de la condición física en preescolares chilenos, ofreciendo la posibilidad de valorar y dar seguimiento a intervenciones dirigidas a mejorar la salud y bienestar en dicho grupo etario.
Redundância funcional dos receptores NIK1 e NIK2 na imunidade antiviral
Authors:   , Rodrigues Raquel Gomes
Published: November 2024

Devido a relevância da subfamília II de receptores do tipo quinase ricos em repetições em leucina (LRRII-RLK), há um interesse crescente na elucidação da função de proteínas dessa subfamília, pois atuam como correceptores de várias vias de sinalização celular. NIK1 “NUCLEAR SHUTTLE PROTEIN (NSP)-INTERACTING KINASE 1” pertence a esta subfamília e foi identificada por interagir com a proteína de begomovírus, NSP. NIK1 demonstra atividade antiviral e atua como correceptor em uma via de sinalização antiviral, ativada por begomovírus, estando mais relacionado a NIK2. Para determinar se NIK2 e NIK1 são funcionalmente redundantes na imunidade antiviral, foi realizada inicialmente uma análise filogenética da subfamília LRRII-RLK, utilizando proteínas de 100 espécies de plantas. As LRRII-RLKs foram divididas em cinco clados principais com alto grau de estabilidade. Consistente com a hipótese de redundância funcional, NIK1 e NIK2 foram agrupadas juntas, designando o clado como NIK e demonstrando alta conservação de sequência. Ensaios de infecção viral, utilizando os nocautes simples nik1-1 e nik2-1 e o nocaute duplo nik1-1/nik2-1, forneceram evidências de que, similar a NIK1, NIK2 está envolvida em resistência contra begomovírus. A inativação de NIK2 aumentou a suscetibilidade ao begomovírus cabbage leaf curl virus (CabLCV), com sintomas mais severos e acúmulo do DNA viral superior àqueles exibidos por Col-0, embora similares a nik1-1. No mutante duplo nik1-1/nik2-1, o fenótipo de suscetibilidade aumentada foi acentuado e a carga viral foi ainda maior do que nos mutantes simples. Coletivamente estes resultados indicam que NIK2 atua na imunidade antiviral de maneira similar a NIK1. Para confirmar que NIK1 e NIK2 compartilham a mesma via de sinalização antiviral, foi avaliado se padrões moleculares associados a patógenos (PAMPs) virais, ácidos nucléicos derivados de begomovírus, induziriam a mesma via de sinalização antiviral nos nocautes. A ativação da via de sinalização de NIK1 foi monitorada por meio de determinação da repressão de genes marcadores da referida via de sinalização. Tanto RNA quanto DNA preparados de plantas infectadas induziram a repressão dos genes marcadores em nik1-1 e nik2-1, embora em níveis inferiores a Col-0. Estes resultados confirmaram que NIK1 e NIK2 participam da mesma via de sinalização antiviral mediada por NIK1/NIK2. Também foi avaliado se o genoma do vírus funcionava como PAMP viral. Para isso, DNA-A de CabLCV foi purificado de Escherichia coli e o fragmento do genoma contendo a região intergênica foram usados para tratamento dos nocautes e Col-0. Ambos os DNAs funcionaram como PAMPs virais e ativaram a via de sinalização antiviral de NIK1/NIK2. Devido à facilidade de produção da região intergênica em altas quantidades, estas PAMPs poderão ser utilizadas em escrutínios para identificar possíveis receptores sensores desses padrões moleculares (PRRs antivirais). Palavras-chave: Redundância funcional. Receptores. Imunidade antiviral.
Utilizing Disney Movies to Enhance English Language Teaching
Authors: Dr. Adappatu Ancy Antony  , V. Santhi
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the use of Disney movies as an innovative tool to enhance English Language Teaching (ELT). Disney movies, with their engaging narratives and rich linguistic content, provide an authentic context for language learning. The research examines the effectiveness of these films in improving language skills among non-native English learners. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study explores the impact of Disney movies on vocabulary acquisition, listening comprehension, and cultural awareness. Results indicate that incorporating Disney movies into ELT can significantly enhance language proficiency and learner engagement.
Seroprevalence, Risk Factors and Immunological Response against Hepatitis B Virus Among Students of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Nigeria
Authors: Saifullahi Abusufyan , Mohammed Kabir , Sodangi Kaab Salisu , Abdulkarim Badaru
Published: November 2024

Study’s Excerpt

The seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) among university students was investigated.
Both serological markers of HBV and immune response were assessed.
The results revealed significant associations between infection and high-risk behaviors.

Full Abstract
Hepatitis B Virus is of major public health interest as it accounts for significant mortality globally.  The study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of HBV infection, the possible potential risk factors, and the immunological response among students of Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, from December 2022 to April 2023.  Structured questionnaires were used to collect sociodemographic information as well as possible risk factors related to the infection.  Out of 139 study participants (10 females and 129 males screened randomly for HBsAg using a rapid HBsAg test kit, 17 (12.2%) were seropositive, and 122 (87.8%) were seronegative.  The sera of the positive participants were further screened for HBeAg, anti-(HBs, HBe, and HBc) using one-step cassette diagnostic kits.  Of the 17 positive samples screened, none were reactive for anti-HBs antibodies and HBeAg.; while 15 were positive anti-HBc and anti-HBe, indicating a response to natural infection.  Sexual activity, unprotected sexual practices, use of already used sharp objects, and awareness of HBV infection were significantly associated (P<0.05)  with the viral infection.  The study indicates high endemicity in the study area.  It is recommended that Nigerian Universities mandate the Hepatitis B virus vaccine for newly intake students.  More awareness should be created about the dangers of unprotected sexual practice use or sharing of used sharp objects, among other possible factors.