bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the nonlinear matrix equation $ X^{s}+A^{H}F(X)A = Q $
Authors: Xie Yajun , Ma Changfeng , Zheng Qingqing
Published: May 2023

Nonlinear matrix equation often arises in control theory, statistics, dynamic programming, ladder networks, and so on, so it has widely applied background. In this paper, the nonlinear matrix equation $ X^{s}+A^{H}F(X)A = Q $ are discussed, where operator $ F $ are defined in the set of all $ n\times n $ positive semi-definite matrices, and $ Q $ is a positive definite matrix. Sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of a positive semi-definite solution are derived based on some fixed point theorems. It is shown that under suitable conditions an iteration method converges to a positive semi-definite solution. Moreover, we consider the perturbation analysis for the solution of this class of nonlinear matrix equations, and obtain a perturbation bound of the solution. Finally, we give several examples to show how this works in particular cases, and some numerical results to specify the rationality of the results we have obtain.
Contrastes entre hedonismo e superstição em Epicuro e em Onfray
Authors: Pereira da Silva Andre
Published: May 2023

Este trabalho tem por objeto a crítica às superstições enquanto uma convergência teórica entre o pensamento de Epicuro (341 a.C. – 270 a.C) e o de Michel Onfray (1959-). Como tese central, a análise dessa convergência no combate aos efeitos nocivos da superstição sobre a vida ética dos indivíduos. Objetiva-se investigar como o hedonismo elaborado por ambos propõe modos de vida determinados pelo prazer e pela ausência de superstições. Como método, uma análise comparativa entre os dois filósofos. Como resultado, a constatação da existência de dois projetos éticos que propõem modos de vida livres da superstição e das suas consequências lesivas sobre o homem e sobre sua vida.
Uma discussão acerca do corpo com deficiência a partir do neopragmatismo de Rorty
Authors: Aparecido Silva Heraldo , Chaves de Sousa Francisco Raimundo
Published: May 2023

O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir a visão essencialista do corpo com deficiência, normalmente expressada através de ideais de normatividade corporal, a partir das noções de narrativa, antiessencialismo e antirepresentacionalismo do filósofo estadunidense Richard Rorty (1931-2007). Nessa perspectiva elencamos a obra Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas de Machado de Assis, especificamente na narrativa da personagem Eugênia, a qual representa uma crítica machadiana à uma visão social discriminatória da pessoa com deficiência. Assim, buscamos, conforme sugere Rorty, aproximar o debate filosófico da literatura e de questões que estão inseridas em nossa comunidade. Para fundamentar esta discussão trabalharemos com o seguinte referencial teórico: Assis (2012), Rorty (1994; 1997; 1999; 2007; 2010) e Silva (2020).
Educação e progresso moral:
Authors: Machado Senhorinho Jean
Published: May 2023

As nossas práticas de educação moral assumem que seres humanos são capazes de progredir moralmente e de que há, ao menos, alguma condição ou critério razoável para que isso ocorra. Mas que critério é este? Após uma brevíssima revisão de literatura sobre os critérios de progresso moral, desenvolve-se uma interpretação do critério epistêmico-prático de progresso moral cunhado por Michele Moody-Adams (1999). De acordo com esse critério inclusivo, alguém realiza progresso moral quando expande o seu entendimento sobre conceitos morais e quando também manifesta esse entendimento aumentado na prática. Pace Julia Hermann (2019), pleiteia-se que essa noção de Moody-Adams não deve ser interpretada como aceitando tacitamente uma posição moral realista. Por fim, conclui-se que tal critério epistêmico-prático tem uma melhor capacidade para orientar as nossas práticas de educação moral do que outros critérios.
Epitaxial Growth of Boron Carbide on 4H-SiC
Authors: Benamra Yamina , Auvray Laurent , Andrieux Jérôme , Cauwet François , Alegre Maria-Paz , Lloret Fernando , Araujo Daniel , Gutierrez Marina , Ferro Gabriel
Published: May 2023

In this work, the successful heteroepitaxial growth of boron carbide (BxC) on 4HSiC(0001) 4° off substrate using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is reported. Towards this end, a two-step procedure was developed, involving the 4H-SiC substrate boridation under BCl3 precursor at 1200°C, followed by conventional CVD under BCl3 + C3H8 at 1600°C. Such a procedure allowed obtaining reproducibly monocrystalline (0001) oriented films of BxC with a step flow morphology at a growth rate of 1.9 μm/h. Without the boridation step, the layers are systematically polycrystalline. The study of the epitaxial growth mechanism shows that a monocrystalline BxC layer is formed after boridation but covered with a B-and Si-containing amorphous layer. Upon heating up to 1600°C, under pure H2 atmosphere, the amorphous layer was converted into epitaxial BxC and transient surface SiBx and Si crystallites. These crystallites disappear upon CVD growth.
Opto-Electronic Characterisation of GaAsBi/GaAs Multiple Quantum Wells for Photovoltaic Applications
Authors: Harun Faezah , Rusli Julie Roslita , Richards Robert D. , Abdul Rahman Muhammad Ghazali , David John P.R.
Published: May 2023

A series of GaAsBi/GaAs multiple quantum well p-i-n diodes was grown using molecular beam epitaxy and the opto-electrical characterisations are presented. The result shows that devices experience low carrier extractions when light is absorbed due to hole trapping in the valence band. Carrier enhancement can be achieved by applying slight reverse bias when the measurement was taken. The absorption coefficient of the devices is confirmed to be similar with other Bi-based work. GaAsBi/GaAs multiple quantum well do have a lot of room for improvement especially on growth, structure and strain level of the material. If these components can be catered, GaAsBi can be a competitive alternative for 1 eV junction in multiple junction solar cells.
Effect of Sub-Surface Damage Layer Removal by Sublimation Etching of 4H-SiC Bulk Wafers on PL Imaging of Crystal Defect Visibility
Authors: Dojima Daichi , Maki Mizuho , Dansako Daichi , Toda Kohei , Kaneko Tadaaki
Published: May 2023

Improving the visibility of defects in nitrogen-doped 4H-SiC (0001) bare wafers by photoluminescence imaging (PLI) is essential for improving the epitaxial growth process and device yields. This study proposes sub-surface damage (SSD) introduced during the mechanical process of SiC wafers as a new factor in reducing defect visibility in PL images. To verify the effect of SSD, we observed the surface of a SiC wafer, which was thermally etched at about 3 μm. As a result, dramatic defect visibility improvement was observed when the surface roughness was sufficiently flat (Ra < 0.3 nm) after thermal etching. Thus, the results suggest that defect visibility in PL images can be improved by controlling SSD and surface roughness. Using the background noise reduction effect of the SSD removal, not only PLI but also many other wafer surface inspections are expected to be improved.
Regulation of CD8 T Cell Differentiation by the RNA-Binding Protein DDX5
Authors: Louis Tiani L , Wong William H , Yao Priscilla , Kurd Nadia S , Tysl Tiffani , Indralingam Cynthia S , Ma Shengyun , Huang Wendy Jia Men , Chang John T
Published: June 2023

The RNA-binding protein DEAD-box protein 5 (DDX5) is a polyfunctional regulator of gene expression, but its role in CD8+ T cell biology has not been extensively investigated. In this study, we demonstrate that deletion of DDX5 in murine CD8+ T cells reduced the differentiation of terminal effector, effector memory T, and terminal effector memory cells while increasing the generation of central memory T cells, whereas forced expression of DDX5 elicited the opposite phenotype. DDX5-deficient CD8+ T cells exhibited increased expression of genes that promote central memory T cell differentiation, including Tcf7 and Eomes. Taken together, these findings reveal a role for DDX5 in regulating the differentiation of effector and memory CD8+ T cell subsets in response to microbial infection.
SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 Mediates Signals in Macrophages and Monocytes through MyD88 Independently of the IL-17 Receptor
Authors: Ponde Nicole O , Shoger Karsen E , Khatun Mst Shamima , Sarkar Mrinal K , Dey Ipsita , Taylor Tiffany C , Cisney Rylee N , Arunkumar Samyuktha P , Gudjonsson Johann E , Kolls Jay K , Gottschalk Rachel A , Gaffen Sarah L
Published: June 2023

SARS-CoV-2 has caused an estimated 7 million deaths worldwide to date. A secreted SARS-CoV-2 accessory protein, known as open reading frame 8 (ORF8), elicits inflammatory pulmonary cytokine responses and is associated with disease severity in COVID-19 patients. Recent reports proposed that ORF8 mediates downstream signals in macrophages and monocytes through the IL-17 receptor complex (IL-17RA, IL-17RC). However, generally IL-17 signals are found to be restricted to the nonhematopoietic compartment, thought to be due to rate-limiting expression of IL-17RC. Accordingly, we revisited the capacity of IL-17 and ORF8 to induce cytokine gene expression in mouse and human macrophages and monocytes. In SARS-CoV-2–infected human and mouse lungs, IL17RC mRNA was undetectable in monocyte/macrophage populations. In cultured mouse and human monocytes and macrophages, ORF8 but not IL-17 led to elevated expression of target cytokines. ORF8-induced signaling was fully preserved in the presence of anti–IL-17RA/RC neutralizing Abs and in Il17ra−/− cells. ORF8 signaling was also operative in Il1r1−/− bone marrow–derived macrophages. However, the TLR/IL-1R family adaptor MyD88, which is dispensable for IL-17R signaling, was required for ORF8 activity yet MyD88 is not required for IL-17 signaling. Thus, we conclude that ORF8 transduces inflammatory signaling in monocytes and macrophages via MyD88 independently of the IL-17R.
Analysis of transurethral resection of prostate videos on YouTube™: Educational quality assessment
Authors: Karaca Yavuz , Sahinler Emre Burak , Karaca Didar Ilke , Sinanoglu Orhun
Published: May 2023

Background: Our aim was to evaluate the educational value of transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) videos on YouTube. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted for TURP videos on YouTube. Based on the Laparoscopic Surgery Video Educational Guidelines we created a checklist which includes 20 items for evaluation of the videos. IBM SPSS statistics was used for analysis. Results: A total of 104 surgical videos were assessed. The mean view count was 15647.3 (21-324.522, SD 47556.4). Video image quality found as low for 57.7% of videos. Both staff (76%) and resident (75%) rated most of the videos low educational quality. No statistically significant difference was found between staff’s total points (mean 4.35 ± SD 2.9) and resident’s total points (mean 4.63 ± SD 3.3) (p: 0.761). Positive correlation was found between view count and staff’s total points (r: 0.242 p < 0.05), resident’s total points (r: 0.340 p < 0.01). There was also positive correlation between number of likes and staff’s total points (r: 0.375 p < 0.01) and resident’s total points (r: 0.466 p < 0.01). Conclusions: Most TURP surgical videos on YouTube are low quality. Higher educational quality videos with detailed explanation of the procedure are needed on this subject. We believe this study could be a guide for future high quality TURP videos.
Association between the Urine Cotinine Level and Blood Pressure in Korean Adults with Secondhand Smoke Exposure: Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey 2016–2018
Authors: Lee Joon Hyung , Shim Jae Yong , Lee Ji Won
Published: May 2023

Background: Similar to smoking, exposure to secondhand smoke is a risk factor for developing hypertension and cardiovascular diseases; however, there is no standardized method for measuring smoke exposure. Measuring urine cotinine levels is one possible means for determining the degree of exposure to secondhand smoke. This study investigated the association between urinary cotinine levels and blood pressure in Korean adults exposed to secondhand smoke.Methods: Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted between 2016 and 2018 were used. A total of 9,273 participants aged ≥19 years self-reported as current non-smokers, which was cotinine- verified. A complex sample general linear model regression analysis was performed to analyze the association between urine cotinine and blood pressure. A P-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Corrected urine cotinine levels were positively associated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure in female participants (P<0.001 and P=0.040, respectively). Furthermore, a 10-fold increase in the corrected urine cotinine level of those in contact with secondhand smoke was independently associated with 2.085 mm Hg and 0.575 mm Hg increases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively. However, there was no association between systolic and diastolic blood pressure in male participants (P=0.226 and P=0.256, respectively).Conclusion: Urinary cotinine levels were positively associated with increased blood pressure in females exposed to secondhand smoke. Therefore, urinary cotinine may be used as an indicator to quantify and monitor the effects of blood pressure elevation in females exposed to secondhand smoke.
Self-Reported Mental Health Measures of Incoming Collegiate Student-Athletes With a History of COVID-19
Authors: Anderson Melissa N. , Gallo Caitlin A. , Passalugo Scott W. , Nimeh Jake M. , Buckley Thomas A.
Published: May 2023

Background

People with a history of COVID-19 may experience persistent neuropsychological disruptions such as lower satisfaction with life, depression, and anxiety. Although student-athletes are at low risk for severe COVID-19 complications, the effect of COVID-19 on mental health has not been elucidated.

Objective

To compare patient-reported mental health outcomes for incoming collegiate athletes with (COVID+) or without (COVID−) a history of COVID-19.

Design

Case-control study.

Setting

Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 178 student-athletes, consisting of 79 in the COVID+ group (44.3%; age = 18.90 ± 0.16 years) and 99 in the COVID− group (55.6%; age = 18.95 ± 0.16 years).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Participants completed the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Unadjusted 1-way analyses of variance were conducted across all patient-reported outcomes. Analyses of covariance were calculated to determine the interaction of COVID-19 group, sex, and race and ethnicity on outcomes. Post hoc Bonferroni testing was performed to identify specific differences between groups. A χ2 analysis was computed to compare the number of athletes in each group who met the standard clinical cut points.

Results

We observed a between-groups difference for HADS depression (P = .047), whereby athletes in the COVID+ group had higher ratings (2.86 ± 0.26). We found group differences for the SWLS (P = .02), HADS anxiety (P = .003), and STAI state anxiety (P = .01) such that all scores were higher for the COVID+ group in the adjusted model. Post hoc testing revealed that female student-athletes in the COVID+ group had worse HADS anxiety (P = .01) and STAI trait anxiety (P = .002) scores than individuals in all other groups. We did not demonstrate differences between groups in the percentage of responses below established diagnostic thresholds.

Conclusions

Incoming collegiate student-athletes who reported a previous COVID-19 diagnosis displayed higher depression scores, suggesting that clinicians may need to provide appropriate identification and referral for mental health conditions. However, we were encouraged that most participants, regardless of a history of COVID-19 diagnosis, had mental health scores that did not exceed established diagnostic threshold values.
Sport Specialization and Sport Motivation in Middle School–Aged Athletes
Authors: Biese Kevin M. , Winans Madeline , Rudek Grace , Cadmus-Bertram Lisa , Andreae Susan , Brooks M. Alison , Kliethermes Stephanie , McGuine Timothy A. , Bell David R.
Published: May 2023

Context

Sport specialization has been assumed to have psychosocial ramifications for athletes, especially autonomous motivation, which has been associated with continued sport participation. Sport dropout is common in youth athletes, yet it is unknown how sport specialization may affect this population psychosocially.

Objective

To determine the association of sport specialization with autonomous and controlled motivation and amotivation in middle school–aged athletes.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

An anonymous online questionnaire was distributed to athletes via schools, club sports, and social media.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 178 athletes (male = 59%; private school = 51%; grade: sixth = 20%, seventh = 32%, eighth = 48%) completed the questionnaire.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

The questionnaire assessed demographics, sport participation, and motivation using the Youth Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire. Sport specialization was defined using a modified 3-point scale (low, moderate, or high) and multisport versus single-sport athletes. Nonparametric tests were used to analyze the differences among the types of motivation and specialization levels and between multisport and single-sport athletes.

Results

Sport specialization categories were not significantly associated with autonomous motivation, controlled motivation, or amotivation. No significant associations were present between multisport or single-sport athletes and any type of motivation. However, multisport athletes had higher scores for intrinsic motivation, a subscale of autonomous motivation, compared with single-sport athletes (single sport: median = 5.00, 25th–75th quartile = 4.50–5.00; multisport: median = 5.00, 25th–75th quartile = 5.00–5.00; P = .04).

Conclusions

Sport motivation did not differ between sport specialization groups in middle school athletes. Dropout from sport is common in this age group but is multifactorial in nature. A lack of sport motivation could be a factor for some athletes, but all specialization groups appeared to have similar outcomes. Our exploratory analysis suggests that clinicians may consider having an open dialogue with single-sport athletes, their parents or guardians, and coaches to ensure that athletes are enjoying their sport.
Time to remission in first episode of Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome in children with response to Levamisole in subsequent relapses
Authors: Deshpande Pankaj
Published: May 2023

Background:

Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (NS) is the most common cause for NS in children. While it responds to steroids in most instances, relapses are also common. In frequently relapsing NS, though agents such as levamisole and cyclophosphamide are commonly used as steroid sparing agents, the response is often unpredictable. In this study, we aimed to determine the association, if any, between time to remission in the first episode of steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome and the response to levamisole in the subsequent relapses.

Materials and methods:

The records of the children with steroid sensitive NS were studied. The children were grouped into two categories: group I, where the response to Prednisolone in the first episode occurred in less than 10 days of therapy, and group II, in whom the response to Prednisolone occurred between 10 and 28 days. The response to levamisole in the two groups was compared.

Results:

The records of 75 children (Males 48) were studied. Group I had 49 (65.3%) children, of whom, 42 children had frequent relapses and were treated with levamisole. 33(78.5%) children showed a good response to levamisole. In group II, all 26 (34.6%) children had frequent relapses and were treated with levamisole. Only 1 child (3.8%) showed a good response. There was a significant association of the time to remission in first episode of NS with the response to levamisole (p<0.001).

Conclusion:

Children with nephrotic syndrome showing a response to Prednisolone in less than 10 days are more likely to respond to levamisole, especially if the relapse rate is less than 3 in 6 months.
PERITONEAL DIALYSIS TEACHING SERIES WHAT COMES OUT – HAS TO GO IN
Authors: Annamalai Ishwarya , Parthasarathy Rajeevalochana , Govindan Sukanya , Kumar S Deepak
Published: May 2023

Hernia is one of the mechanical complication of peritoneal dialysis and is the Achille's heel. Undetected hernias prior to initiating PD and those developing after initiation can lead to complications, infection and failure of therapy. In this first article of the PD teaching series, we aim to cover the various aspects of hernia management in peritoneal dialysis.
IgA Nephropathy and IgA Vasculitis Post-COVID-19 vaccination: A case-based review
Authors: Prabhahar Arun , Chauhan Prabhat , Sekar Aravind , Nada Ritambhra , Rathi Manish , Kohli Harbir Singh , Ramachandran Raja
Published: May 2023

Introduction:

Vaccination remains the only steadfast defence against severe COVID-19 infection for the foreseeable future. However, with the growing number of case reports describing Vaccine-associated glomerular diseases, including IgA nephropathy (IgAN) or IgA vasculitis (IgAV) associated with COVID-19 vaccination, it becomes pertinent to study the individual diseases in detail. So, we conducted a case-based review of vaccine-associated IgAN/ IGAV.

Methods:

We undertook a pre-defined literature search of all the published IgAN and IgAV associated with COVID-19 vaccination, along with the description of our case report detailing the clinical, pathological characteristics and treatment-response COVID-19 vaccine-associated IgAN and IgAV.

Results:

Fifty-one cases (median age 41 years, IQR 30-60)were included, including our case report. mRNA vaccine was the most common among the approved vaccines (86.2%). There were 15 relapses, and 36 were newly diagnosed with IgAN/IgAV. Forty-seven (92.1%) patients had haematuria (28 had gross haematuria), and 37 (72.5%) had proteinuria (4 had nephrotic-range proteinuria). At presentation, the median estimated glomerular filtration rate was 54 ml/min/m2 (IQR 13 to 62). Two (3.9%) patients required haemodialysis, and 21 (41%) patients required immunosuppressive therapy. Twenty-one biopsies had a mesangial hypercellularity (M) score of M1. Nine and one had a Crescent (C) score of C1 and C2, respectively. Three-fourths of the patients had a favourable short-term renal response. presentation of vaccine-associated IgAN/IgAV.

Conclusion:

Haematuria (either gross or microscopic) is the most common presentation of vaccine-associated IgAN/IgAV. The kidney functions are relatively preserved, and the short-term clinical outcomes are favourable.
Comparison of Outcomes of Live and Deceased Donor Renal Transplantation-A Retrospective Study from a single center in South India
Authors: Kasinaboina Bharathi , Guditi Swarnalatha , Taduri Gangadhar
Published: May 2023

Background:

Renal transplantation is the treatment modality of choice for patients with end-stage renal disease(ESRD). Living donors constitute the majority of the organ donor pool in India. Deceased donation program is only slowly evolving in the country. In this study, we aimed at comparing the outcome of live and deceased donor renal transplantation at our institute.

Methods:

This is a single-center, retrospective, observational study of renal transplant recipients from January 2010 to April 2016 conducted in a tertiary care centre in South India. The clinical profile, graft dysfunction, graft survival and patient survival rates of renal transplant recipients were analyzed.

Results:

Of 210 recipients, live donor renal transplant (LDRT) recipients were 176(83.80%) and deceased donor renal transplants (DDRT) were 34(16.19%). Delayed graft function was common in DDRT (64.7%) compared to LDRT (3.40%). Graft dysfunction episodes were commoner in DDRT (1.04 episodes/patient/year) compared to LDRT (0.43 episodes/patient/year). Higher rejection rate was seen in LDRT (25.56%) compared to DDRT (8.82%) with mean duration of follow up of 3.37± 1.80 years and 2.14 ± 1.12 years respectively. Modification of immunosuppression and noncompliance were the risk factors for rejection. Death censored graft survival rates at 6 months, 1 year and 5 years in LDRT were 98.9%, 97.2%, and 92.6% respectively and at 6 months, 1 year and 3.26 years in DDRT were 100%, 97%, and 94% respectively. Patient survival rates at 6 months, 1 and 5 years in LDRT were 94.3%, 91.5% and 86.4% respectively, and in DDRT patient survival rates at 6 months, 1 and 3.26 years were 91.2% 85.3% and 79.4% respectively. Though the patient survival rate was better in LDRT compared to DDRT, it did not reach statistical significance. Overall mortality rate was 14% and infection was the commonest (77.74%) cause of mortality. Mortality rates in LDRT and DDRT were 13.63% and 20.58% respectively.

Conclusions:

Live donors constitute the majority of the organ donor pool. DGF is commonly seen in DDRT. Rejection rate was higher in LDRT, with noncompliance and modification of immunosuppression being the risk factors. There is no difference in the patient and graft survival between LDRT and DDRT.
Functions of class $C^\infty$ in non-commuting variables in the context of triangular Lie algebras
Authors: Aristov Oleg Yurevich
Published: May 2023

We construct a certain completion $C^\infty_\mathfrak{g}$ of the universal enveloping algebra of a triangular real Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$. It is a Fréchet-Arens-Michael algebra that consists of elements of polynomial growth and satisfies to the following universal property: every Lie algebra homomorphism from $\mathfrak{g}$ to a real Banach algebra all of whose elements are of polynomial growth has an extension to a continuous homomorphism with domain $C^\infty_\mathfrak{g}$. Elements of this algebra can be called functions of class $C^\infty$ in non-commuting variables. The proof is based on representation theory and employs an ordered $C^\infty$-functional calculus. Beyond the general case, we analyze two simple examples. As an auxiliary material, the basics of the general theory of algebras of polynomial growth are developed. We also consider local variants of the completion and obtain a sheaf of non-commutative functions on the Gelfand spectrum of $C^\infty_\mathfrak{g}$ in the case when $\mathfrak{g}$ is nilpotent. In addition, we discuss the theory of holomorphic functions in non-commuting variables introduced by Dosi and apply our methods to prove theorems strengthening some his results.
On the coprimeness relation from the viewpoint of monadic second-order logic
Authors: Speranski Stanislav Olegovich , Pakhomov Fedor Nikolaevich
Published: May 2023

Let $\mathfrak{C}$ denote the structure of the natural numbers with the
coprimeness relation. We prove that for each non-zero natural number $n$,
if a $\Pi^1_n$-set of natural numbers is closed under automorphisms
of $\mathfrak{C}$, then it is definable in $\mathfrak{C}$ by a monadic
$\Pi^1_n$-formula of the signature of $\mathfrak{C}$ having exactly $n$ set
quantifiers.
On the other hand, we observe that even a much weaker version
of this property fails for certain expansions of $\mathfrak{C}$.
Kantorovich problem of optimal transportation of measures: new directions of research
Authors: Bogachev Vladimir Igorevich
Published: May 2023

This paper gives a survey of investigations in the last decade and new results on various recent modifications of the classical Kantorovich problem of the optimal transportation of measures. We discuss in detail nonlinear Kantorovich problems, problems with constraints on the densities of transport plans, and optimal transportation problems with a parameter. In addition, we consider some questions relating to the geometry and topology of spaces of measures connected with these new formulations.
Bibliography: 134 items.
On multipliers for Fourier series in Sobolev orthogonal polynomials
Authors: Osilenker Boris Petrovich
Published: May 2023

Multipliers are studied for Fourier series in polynomials orthogonal in continuous-discrete Sobolev spaces. For the multiplier operator, existence results and norm estimates are obtained. The proofs are based on a representation of the Fejér kernel, the construction of a ‘humpbacked majorant’ and estimates for the norms of maximal functions.
Bibliography: 45 titles.
Controllability of difference approximation for a control system with continuous time
Authors: Avakov Evgeny Rachievich , Magaril-Il'yaev Georgii Georgievich
Published: May 2023

For a control system with continuous time a discrete control system approximating it is constructed and shown to be locally controllable with respect to a trajectory admissible for the continuous system in question. Examples illustrating this result are given.
Bibliography: 10 titles.
A well-posed setting of the problem of solving systems of linear algebraic equations
Authors: Tyrtyshnikov Eugene Evgen'evich
Published: May 2023

Tikhonov's setting of the problem of solving systems of linear algebraic equations that are equivalent in accuracy is investigated. The problem is shown to be well posed in this setting.
Bibliography: 5 titles.
Чем отличается граф от многообразия?
Authors: Ayzenberg Anton Andreyevich , Masuda Mikiya , Solomadin Grigory Dmitrievich
Published: May 2023

Рассматриваются эквивариантно формальные действия компактного тора $T$ на гладких многообразиях $X$ с изолированными неподвижными точками и исследуются глобальные гомологические характеристики градуированного частично упорядоченного множества $S(X)$ гранных подмногообразий. В работе доказано, что условие $j$-независимости касательных весов в каждой неподвижной точке влечет $(j+1)$-ацикличность остовов $S(X)_r$ при $r>j+1$. Этот результат обеспечивает необходимое топологическое условие, при котором абстрактный ГКМ-граф является ГКМ-графом некоторого ГКМ-многообразия. Частный случай описанной ацикличности использован для описания алгебры эквивариантных когомологий эквивариантно формального многообразия размерности $2n$ с $(n-1)$-независимым действием $(n-1)$-мерного тора при определенном условии раскрашиваемости ГКМ-графа. Полученное описание связывает алгебру эквивариантных когомологий с кольцом граней симплициального частично упорядоченного множества. Это наблюдение связывает торические действия сложности 1 с теорией тор-многообразий.
Библиография: 27 названий.
Case Report: Acute Brucellosis Due to Brucella suis in a Brazilian Gold Miner Diagnosed in French Guiana
Authors: Melzani Alessia , Boutrou Mathilde , Sainte-Rose Vincent , About Frédégonde , Douine Maylis , Michaud Céline , Nacher Mathieu , Gaillet Mélanie , Blanchet Denis , Lavigne Jean Philippe , Demar Magalie , O’Callaghan David , Djossou Felix , Keriel Anne , Epelboin Loïc
Published: May 2023

A 29-year-old Brazilian illegal gold miner developed intermittent fever. Blood cultures were positive for Gram-negative coccobacilli and, after an initial misidentification by an automated identification system, the diagnosis of brucellosis caused by Brucella suis was confirmed. We hypothesize an association with domestic or wild swine exposure. The patient responded well to standard antibiotic therapy of brucellosis. We report the first case of human brucellosis on the Guiana Shield. This report underlines the importance of considering brucellosis in the presence of a fever of unknown origin, even in the Amazonian rainforest area, where several zoonotic diseases might be considered in the differential diagnosis of unexplained fever.
COVID-19 Knowledge and Prevention Behaviors in Rural Zambia: A Qualitative Application of the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model
Authors: Kaiser Jeanette L. , Hamer Davidson H. , Juntunen Allison , Ngoma Thandiwe , Fink Günther , Schueler Jessica , Rockers Peter C. , Biemba Godfrey , Scott Nancy A.
Published: May 2023

In early 2020, the Zambian Ministry of Health instituted prevention guidelines to limit spread of COVID-19. We assessed community knowledge, motivations, behavioral skills, and perceived community adherence to prevention behaviors (i.e., hand hygiene, mask wearing, social distancing, and limiting gatherings). Within a cluster-randomized controlled trial in four rural districts, in November 2020 and May 2021, we conducted in-depth interviews with health center staff (N = 19) and community-based volunteers (N = 34) and focus group discussions with community members (N = 281). A content analysis was conducted in Nvivo v12. Data were interpreted using the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model. Generally, respondents showed good knowledge of COVID-19 symptoms, spread, and high-risk activities, with some gaps. Prevention behavior performance was driven by personal and social factors. Respondents described institutional settings (e.g., clinics and church) having higher levels of perceived adherence due to stronger enforcement measures and clear leadership. Conversely, informal community settings (e.g., weddings, funerals, football matches) lacked similar social and leadership expectations for adherence and had lower perceived levels of adherence. These settings often involved higher emotions (excitement or grief), and many involved alcohol use, resulting in community members “forgetting” guidelines. Doubt about disease existence or need for precautions persisted among some community members and drove non-adherence more generally. Although COVID-19 information successfully penetrated these very remote rural communities, more targeted messaging may address persistent COVID-19 doubt and misinformation. Engaging local leaders in religious, civic, and traditional leadership positions could improve community behaviors without adding additional monitoring duties on an already overburdened, resource-limited health system.
Case Report: Ocular Tissue Diagnosis of Previously Undiagnosed, Extensively Drug-Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Basu Soumyava , Murthy Somasheila I. , Mitra Sanchita , Chittiboyina Sumalatha , Shanmugham Sivakumar
Published: May 2023

We describe a patient with concurrent ocular and pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in whom the diagnosis of extensively drug-resistant TB was made through phenotypic drug-sensitivity testing of an ocular fluid sample after sputum testing yielded incomplete results. Our results are remarkable, because culture-based diagnosis of TB in ocular fluid is unusual. We not only overcame this limitation, but also were able to create a complete drug-sensitivity testing profile from ocular samples, which led to effecting appropriate therapy for the patient.
EFL teachers’ experiences of peer observation in Vietnamese academic institutions
Authors: Nhung Lê Thi Thuy , Nguyen Nguyen Hoang Thao
Published: June 2023

Peer observation (PO) is considered as a useful tool to enhance teachers’ professional development. Limited research on how PO is carried out in Vietnamese higher institutions and how teachers experience PO in their educational contexts. This study investigates the experiences of PO among Vietnamese EFL teachers and their perceptions of benefits and challenges of PO. The study employed qualitative research method to collect data. Survey questionnaires were completed online by 22 EFL teachers working in different universities and colleges in Ho Chi Minh. The findings show that teachers’ perceptions and experiences of PO varied among academic institutions. The purposes of PO were different among different educational settings. PO sessions tend to focus more on evaluation purposes than on professional development purposes which aim to improve teaching performance of EFL teachers. Also, the procedures of implementing PO were not unanimous among institutions. The findings have several implications for stakeholders to reflect on the current practices of PO in their respective academic institutions with a view to improve the quality of this professional development tool.
COVID-19 Yönetiminde Ketojenik Diyet Uygulamaları
Authors: ALACA Gizem , KANER Gülşah , AYER Çağla
Published: May 2023

Çin'in Wuhan şehrinde 31 Aralık 2019 tarihinde etiyolojisi bilinmeyen pnömoni vakaları bildirilmiştir. Bu vakalar COVID-19 hastalığı olarak kabul edilmiştir. COVID-19’a bağlı komplikasyonların önlenmesi, yönetimi ve COVID-19’dan korunmayı sağlayacak yöntemler araştırmalara konu olmaktadır. Yeterli ve dengeli beslenme de bu noktada gündeme gelmektedir. Bununla birlikte ketojenik diyetin (KD), COVID-19’un önlenmesi ve yönetimindeki rolü de merak edilmektedir. Solunum sıkıntısı ve pnömoni, COVID-19’un komplikasyonları arasında yer alan durumlardandırlar. Karbonhidratların solunum katsayısı yüksek olduğu için COVID-19’dan önce de bazı solunum sistemi hastalıklarında kısıtlanmasına yönelik halihazırda önerilerin bulunması, keton cisimlerinin COVID-19 gibi ciddi viral enfeksiyonlar üzerine etki gösterebileceği çeşitli mekanizmaların mevcudiyeti, KD’nin yağ kütlesi kaybı sağlaması gibi faktörler COVID-19’da KD fikrini desteklemektedir. Öte yandan, KD uygulaması sonucu, sağlıklı ve dengeli beslenmenin bağışıklık güçlendirici etkinliğinden mahrum kalınabileceği, insan bağışıklık sisteminin ve akciğer hücre fonksiyonlarının ketozisten nasıl etkilendiğinin bilinmemesi gibi etkenler, KD’ye mesafeli yaklaşmaya sebep olmaktadır. Hakkında birçok bilinmezin bulunduğu bu salgının önlenmesi, yönetilmesi hususlarında KD’nin yerini belirlemek için klinik çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Visual Speech Recognition Using Lips Movement
Authors: Gavali A. B. , Pooja S. Ghugarkar , Supriya R. Khatake , Rajnandini A. Kothawale
Published: May 2023

The visual speech recognition technology look for increase noise-sound in mobile context by extracting lip movement from input face pictures. Bimodal speech recognition algorithms depended on the frontal face (lip) photos, but because users must be able to speak holding a device by using this device in front of the user face, these techniques are difficult for users to utilize. Our suggested method records lip movement using a tiny camera built into a smartphone, making it more practical, simple, and natural. Additionally, this technique effectively prevents a decline in the input signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). For CNN-based recognition, visual properties are extracted via optical-flow analysis and merged with audio data. Although in the previous model, it doesn't give the output in the audio format. Hence in our proposed model, we can provide the output in the audio format. Our proposed aim to record a user speaking into the camera or user will upload the video. The system will initially detect only the lip area from the video. The system will divide this lip video into multiple frames. After sequencing the lip frames, feature extraction will be done from the lip frames. The model will be trained to extract these features further these extracted features from the trained model will be used to find out the sequence of phoneme distributions. The final output will be the word or phrase spoken by the user displayed on the camera.
El sentido del trabajo y su centralidad en las sociedades democráticas: pensamiento y acción en Simone Weil
Authors: Monereo Pérez José Luis
Published: May 2023

Para Simone Weil el trabajo bajo condiciones capitalistas de organización de la producción (con la utilización instrumental de las fuerzas productivas: maquinaria y tecnología, incluidas) se realiza a través de mecanismos de opresión institucionalizada, siendo la relación de trabajo un típica relación de poder/dominación social. De este modo, las fuerzas productivas (los medios) acaban por sustituir a los fines; a la par que los trabajadores son considerados como simples “factores productivos” (racionalidad instrumental). En estas condiciones de subordinación o sometimiento al poder del empresario la situación real de los trabajadores es la de pérdida de la libertad y de toda posibilidad de creatividad en el trabajo. Todo ello le conduce a Simone Weil a defender “un trabajo no servil”. En la sociedad industrial la forma del trabajo asalariado (condición proletaria) es generadora del desarraigo obrero. Es así, que la instauración generalizada de un “trabajo no servil” -no basado en el sometimiento y en la pérdida del sentido “espiritual” del trabajo-, debe suponer la supresión de la condición proletaria deshumanizada sustituyéndola por la condición de ciudadanía laboral respetuosa de la dignidad de la persona que trabaja. Este el sentido de una propuesta de “Estatuto del Trabajo” de contenidos reformistas radicales. Para ello el movimiento obrero debe organizarse a fin de crear unas nuevas bases de organización de la empresa y la mejora sistemática de las condiciones de trabajo. Piensa que no se puede avanzar exclusivamente en un solo país para alcanzar el avance social, debe fortalecerse el internacionalismo obrero de una manera más eficaz y coordinada, y a través de estrategias concertadas.
Occupational Transitions of Family Caregivers of Loved Ones with Dementia
Authors: Groezinger Katherine , Honsa Cameron , Wilkinson Darcey , Simpson Emily
Published: May 2023

Purpose: The primary purpose of this study was to explore how family caregivers of people with dementia experience transitions in occupations as they assume the caregiver role. Because unpaid family caregivers play a vital part in the scheme of health care, it is important to understand their supports, their perceptions of themselves as caregivers, and the impact of caregiving on relationships, identity, and physical and mental health. Many researchers have studied the effects of caregiver burden, yet minimal attention has been given to the lived experiences of caregiving on their daily roles and routines. Methods: A qualitative descriptive design was used to obtain data from eight caregivers through semi-structured interviews. Content analysis was then applied to all data. Results: The following categories were identified: 1) Benefits, which consisted of the positive experiences gained as a result of caregiving; 2) Consequences, which included the physical, mental, and emotional burdens attached to being a caregiver; and 3) Supports, which were positive resources utilized by caregivers to be both better prepared to care for their loved ones and more capable within their caregiving role. Conclusion: Findings confirm that unpaid caregivers of loved ones with dementia experience dramatic changes in many aspects of their lives. Caregivers felt a strong responsibility as a family member to provide care for their loved ones. It has been found that caregivers spend most of their time engaged in caregiver related tasks, consequently impacting their occupational balance and ability to engage in what they would like to do. Health care providers must be mindful of the changes that caregivers experience, by assisting them to increase supports, anticipate the consequences, and recognize and value the benefits.
Computer-Based Assessment of Non-Cognitive Attributes of Occupational Therapy Students: A Pilot Evaluation
Authors: Maher Sara , Parnell Regina , Moore E. Whitney , Frade Peter , Markman Barry
Published: May 2023

Purpose: Holistic admissions tools have been considered for use to diversify student admissions. The ability to screen non-cognitive attributes of applicants is an important element of holistic admissions. The objective of this study was to establish instrument reliability, inter-rater reliability, validity, item discrimination, item difficulty, and bias of the Computerized Assessment of Non-Cognitive Attributes of Health Care Professionals (CANA-HP). Methods: A novel methodology was developed to screen non-cognitive attributes of health profession applicants. Using a cross-sectional design, a convenience sample of students invited for interviews into a Mid-western occupational therapy program were recruited for participation. The 37 participants who consented, completed a demographic survey followed by the 12 question CANA-HP. Results: Open-ended questions had adequate internal reliability, discrimination, and difficulty. Multiple choice questions had low reliability and discrimination. No correlation was found between the CANA-HP and standardized cognitive assessments, except non-science GPA which was significantly correlated to the total open-ended (essay) scores and total overall score. Conclusions and Recommendations: The CANA-HP was not biased toward individuals from varied demographic backgrounds. Predictive validity of this tool and non-cognitive measurements of success are still needed. Occupational therapists in educational settings could consider adding open-ended ethical questions to the application process when interviews are not feasible. Classes in the non-sciences and other non-cognitive markers of success may also help identify students with ‘grit’ and critical reasoning which are important to practicing clinicians
Use of an Adaptive Climbing Program to Improve Social Skills in Children with Developmental Delays: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Hamilton Jillian , Lape Jennifer , Lee Anne
Published: May 2023

Purpose: A repeated measures single-group feasibility study was used to investigate the potential success and feasibility of an adaptive climbing program including group social skills activities to positively impact social skills in children with developmental delays. Methods: A convenience sample of 10 children aged 4 to 12 years participated in six social skills activity groups and adaptive climbing sessions at a rock-climbing facility in North Carolina. Trained observers measured targeted social skills via an author-generated social skills tracking form. Results: A paired t-test indicates a statistically significant improvement in social skills from session 1 to session 6 (pConclusions: Outcomes suggest participation in a community-based adaptive climbing program that involves group social skills activities may be beneficial for promoting social skill development in children with developmental delays. Opportunities exist for occupational therapists to partner with climbing gyms or other organizations to develop and tailor programming specific to each child’s developmental level and needs.
The Abrupt Educational Switch: Impact of COVID-19 and Lessons Learned for Health Science Faculty and Students
Authors: Klein Kathleen , Galantino MaryLou , Crowell Tara , Cavazza Renne
Published: May 2023

Purpose: The abrupt educational transition from in-class to virtual instruction during spring of 2020 found many faculty and students in uncharted territory. The purpose of this study was to survey both faculty and students in the School of Health Sciences to better understand the switch from face-to-face instruction to remote learning. Methods: Both qualitative and quantitative data was collected regarding this experience. The first task was to identify faculty’s responses and actions taken, perception of alternative teaching experience and impact on student learning, determine needs to prepare and address new course design and delivery, and explore perception of changes to healthcare professions. The second task was to explore students' perceptions of their chosen health professions based on experience with COVID-19, their educational experience during Spring 2020, the impact of remote learning on clinical decision making/critical thinking with COVID-19 as a new reality in healthcare environments, and to identify anticipated needs for continued education with alternate course delivery methods. Results: The majority of faculty felt prepared for the switch, most delivered asynchronous course vs. synchronous interactive on-line classroom learning, and courses such as labs, clinicals, simulations and internships faced greater difficulties. Students reported that faculty did a good job of adjusting to remote learning, appreciated their level of accommodation and flexibility, especially given that almost two-thirds reported experiencing stress and anxiety during this time, felt prepared for this transition, but miss the face-to-face classroom experience. Based on experience with COVID-19, students’ perceptions of future health-care careers were both positive and negative. Conclusion: The implications of results are discussed, “take-aways” and “best practices” provided, along with identifying limitations and future research.