bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of the Innovated Building Structure of Double Layers of Glass Curtain Wall to Energy Conservation in Penang
Authors: Liu Wen Tao
Published: December 2018

With the highly developed economy, many high-rise buildings are constructed in cities. In Penang, Malaysia, hundreds of high-rise buildings are erected. Because of their beauty and graceful style, two-layer glass curtain walls are super popular in these kinds of buildings. The purpose of this article is to examine the spacing between the two layers of glass curtain walls and introduce the latest research achievements for energy conservation in Penang. Based on Ecotect (Autodesk, San Rafael, CA) simulations, a 300-mm space between the two layers of the glass curtain wall can achieve maximum energy conservation. The major themes of this research include advancements in architecture structure measurements and analytical and simulation applications that provide insight into energy savings for high-rise buildings in Penang. In addition, it is hoped that these research findings can be applied to the future construction programs in Penang and in other parts of the world with similar infrastructure and climate. There has been a growing body of research and application in this field, but significant challenges and opportunities still lie ahead.
As Seen on TV: Putting the NBC Opera on Stage
Authors: Ward-Griffin Danielle
Published: December 2018

This article examines the relationship between opera on television and opera on the stage in America in the 1950s and 1960s. Using the NBC Opera (1949–64) as a case study, I trace both what television borrowed from the operatic stage and what television sought to bring to the stage in a relationship envisioned by producers as symbiotic. Focusing on the NBC's short-lived touring arm, which produced live performances of Madam Butterfly, The Marriage of Figaro, and La traviata for communities across America in 1956–57, I draw upon archival evidence to show how these small-scale stage productions were recalibrated to suit a television-watching public. Instead of relying on the stylized presentation and grand gestures typical of major opera houses, the NBC touring performances blended intimate television aesthetics with Broadway typecasting and naturalistic direction. Looking beyond the NBC Opera, I also offer a new model for understanding multimedial transfer in opera, one in which the production style of early television opera did not simply respond to the exigencies of the screen, but rather sought to transform the stage into a more intimate—and supposedly more accessible—medium in the mid-twentieth century.
Repeated Borrowing: The Case of “Es ist genug”
Authors: Metzer David
Published: December 2018

“Repeated borrowing” refers to the incorporation of elements of a preexisting work in several new compositions. While various studies have focused on songs that have been frequently borrowed, such as “L'homme armé” and “Apache,” they have not considered what the numerous uses of those songs say about the practice of borrowing. This article discusses quotations of the chorale “Es ist genug” in Alban Berg's Violin Concerto (1935), Bernd Alois Zimmermann's “Ich wandte mich und sah an alles Unrecht, das geschah unter der Sonne”: Ekklesiastische Aktion (1970), David Del Tredici's Pop-Pourri (1968), and Christopher Rouse's Iscariot (1989). As these works illustrate, repeated borrowing enhances aspects of borrowing. In repeated borrowing, borrowing becomes prolific and increasingly referential. Works not only borrow the same melody but also borrow from the ways in which other works use that melody. The works by Zimmermann, Del Tredici, and Rouse, for example, refer to the way Berg's concerto connects a chorale to a twelve-tone row or a secret program. They also expand upon various aspects of borrowing that are emphasized by the concerto: the importance of the cultural meanings of a borrowed work (in the case of “Es ist genug,” associations of death); the internal and external dimensions of borrowing (whether it operates at a deep structural level or appears as an outside element); and the declamatory power of borrowing, which emerges when a borrowing disrupts a work with such force that it seems to be announcing a particular image or idea.
Balance Problems: Neoliberalism and New Music in the American University and Ensemble
Authors: Robin William
Published: December 2018

Between 2013 and 2015, the ensemble yMusic collaborated with graduate student composers in a residency at Duke University. This article positions the residency as a result of the transformation of the university and the new-music ensemble from a technocratic Cold War paradigm to their contemporary status under the market- and branding-oriented logics of neoliberalism. The works written for yMusic by the Duke composers were deeply informed by the ensemble's musical brand, including its idiosyncratic instrumentation, preexisting repertory, collaborative ethos, and relationship to popular music. In accounting for the impact of these institutional developments on the production of musical works, this article argues that the economic and ideological practices of neoliberalism have discernible aesthetic consequences for American new music. Given the key role of the ensemble and the university in the contemporary music landscape, the issues raised by my ethnographic and historical analysis have significant implications for new music in the twenty-first century, and for the way composers work in the United States and beyond.
Beethoven Translating Shakespeare: Dramatic Models for the Slow Movement of the String Quartet Op. 18, No. 1
Authors: Whiting Steven M.
Published: December 2018

According to a footnote in a treatise on music aesthetics of 1856, Beethoven claimed to have had in mind the scene in the burial vault in Romeo and Juliet when he composed the Adagio of op. 18, no. 1. The Shakespeare connection has persisted because, as scholars since Nottebohm have noticed, it is supported by four (French-language) inscriptions in Beethoven's sketches. We ought to ask, however, Which version of the vault scene—that is, which Romeo and Juliet? As a consequence of eighteenth-century practices of theatrical adaptation, the play was available in various forms. Among contemporary French sources, Steibelt's opera (1793) may be ruled out as a model. Jean-François Ducis's adaptation (1772) shows striking concordances with the sketchbook inscriptions, but we have no direct evidence that Beethoven knew it. He arguably knew three different stage versions—all unlikely models: Weiße's bourgeois tragedy (1767) rejected Shakespeare's ending; Gotter and Benda's singspiel rendition (1776) ended happily; and Zingarelli's tragedia per musica (1796) had the title characters sing a final duet in E-flat major, despite the tragic circumstances. Among the available translations, Beethoven acquired Eschenburg's Romeo und Julia (1779 or earlier), but probably not before composing his quartet. However, the appearance in Berlin of A. W. Schlegel's translation of the vault scene coincided with Beethoven's arrival there in May 1796. This masterful poetical translation may have planted the idea realized in the Adagio of op. 18, no. 1. We know (from a letter of 1810) how highly Beethoven regarded Schlegel's translation, Schindler's assertions to the contrary notwithstanding.
Mms21: A Putative SUMO E3 Ligase in Candida albicans That Negatively Regulates Invasiveness and Filamentation, and Is Required for the Genotoxic and Cellular Stress Response
Authors: Islam Amjad , Tebbji Faiza , Mallick Jaideep , Regan Hannah , Dumeaux Vanessa , Omran Raha Parvizi , Whiteway Malcolm
Published: December 2018

In the life cycle of the fungal pathogen Candida albicans, the formation of filamentous cells is a differentiation process that is critically involved in host tissue invasion, and in adaptation to host cell and environmental stresses. Here, we have used the Gene Replacement And Conditional Expression library to identify genes controlling invasiveness and filamentation; conditional repression of the library revealed 69 mutants that triggered these processes. Intriguingly, the genes encoding the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) E3 ligase Mms21, and all other tested members of the sumoylation pathway, were both nonessential and capable of triggering filamentation upon repression, suggesting an important role for sumoylation in controlling filamentation in C. albicans. We have investigated Mms21 in detail. Both Mms21 nulls (mms21Δ/Δ) and SP [Siz/Pias (protein inhibitor of activated signal transducer and activator of transcription)] domain (SUMO E3 ligase domain)-deleted mutants displayed invasiveness, filamentation, and abnormal nuclear segregation; filament formation occurred even in the absence of the hyphal transcription factor Efg1. Transcriptional analysis of mms21Δ/Δ showed an increase in expression from two- to eightfold above that of the wild-type for hyphal-specific genes, including ECE1, PGA13, PGA26, HWP1, ALS1, ALS3, SOD4, SOD5, UME6, and HGC1. The Mms21-deleted mutants were unable to recover from DNA-damaging agents like methyl methane sulfonate, hydroxyurea, hydrogen peroxide, and UV radiation, suggesting that the protein is important for genotoxic stress responses. In addition, the mms21Δ/Δ mutant displayed sensitivity to cell wall and thermal stresses, and to different antifungal drugs. All these findings suggest that Mms21 plays important roles in cellular differentiation, DNA damage and cellular stress responses, and in response to antifungal drugs.
Between-speaker rhythmic variability is not dependent on language rhythm, as evidence from Persia reveals
Authors: Asadi Homa , Nourbakhsh Mandana , He Lei , Pellegrino Elisa , Dellwo Volker
Published: December 2018

Acoustic measures of speech rhythm based on the durational characteristics of consonantal and vocalic intervals (henceforth C- or V-intervals) as well as syllabic intensity reveal between-speaker variability. The evidence obtained so far is based on speakers of stressed-timed languages, which are assumed to have complex consonant clusters and a higher degree of vowel reduction. Speakers of stressed-timed languages might operate their articulatory organs in different ways due to the syllable complexity and vowel reduction. Complex consonant clusters are released differently, and vowel reduction tends to be produced more or less strongly depending on speakers. When a language lacks such features, it is possible that rhythmic variation between its speakers decreases. In the present study, we aimed at exploring between- and within-speaker rhythmic variability in Persian, an Indo-European language categorised as syllable-timed. Acoustic correlates of speech rhythm (%V, ?V[ln], ?C[ln], n-PVI-V) and articulation rate were obtained from two Persian corpora with different sources of within-speaker variability. In the first corpus, the source of within-speaker variability mainly comes from non-contemporaneous recording sessions, and in the second corpus, from different speech rates. Results revealed that there were significant differences between speakers in all investigated speech rhythm measures in Persian and %V best discriminated between speakers. This reveals that the lack of typical stress-time features does not affect between-speaker variability in speech rhythm.
Individual patterns of disfluency across speaking styles
Authors: McDougall Kirsty , Duckworth Martin
Published: December 2018

Features of speech related to fluency such as filled and silent pauses, sound prolongations, repetitions and self-interruptions exhibit considerable variation among speakers, yet the speaker-specificity of such features has received little attention inforensic phonetic research. The present study investigates the extent to which individual differences in disfluency behaviour are preserved across different speaking styles, a key concern for forensic speaker comparison cases. Disfluency phenomena in the speech of 20 male speakers of Standard Southern British English undertaking a simulated police interview task are compared with the occurrence of the same set of phenomena in the speech of the same speakers participating in a telephone conversation with an ‘accomplice’. The speakers’ disfluency features are analysed using TOFFA ‘Taxonomy of Fluency Features for Forensic Analysis’ (McDougall and Duckworth 2017). Individuals exhibit a wide range of variation in their overall rate of production of disfluency features, and these rates are relatively consistent within-speaker across interview and telephone styles. The results for each specific disfluency feature type also show patterns of relatively consistent behaviour within-speaker across-style for most features. For both interview and telephone styles, discriminant analyses based on speaker profiles of disfluency features demonstrate that disfluency features carry speaker-specific information which could be considered alongside other analyses in forensic speaker comparison cases.
Sub-regional ‘other-accent’ effects on lay listeners’ speaker identification abilities
Authors: Braun Almut , Llamas Carmen , Watt Dominic , French Peter , Robertson Duncan
Published: December 2018

Previous studies have shown that listeners perform worse in speaker identification experiments when they are unfamiliar with the accents of the speakers. Such effects have been documented for listeners hearing unfamiliar foreign languages (language familiarity effect) and unfamiliar regional accents (‘other-accent’ effect). The present study investigates the ‘other-accent’ effect at a sub-regional level. Listeners from three different localities (Newcastle, Sunderland and Middlesbrough) within the same greater dialectal region (the North East of England) participated in one of three target-present voice line-ups using samples spoken by speakers from one of the three localities. Listeners who heard a voice line-up in their own local accent (ingroup listeners) missed the target speaker's voice significantly less often than listeners who heard a voice line-up comprised of speakers of one of the other two local accents (out-group listeners). The proportions of correct hits and false alarms were approximately similar across in-group and out-group listeners.
‘Connecting Language and Disciplinary Knowledge in English for Specific Purposes: Case Studies in Law’, by Alissa J. Hartig
Authors: Cheng Le , Pei Jiamin
Published: December 2018

Connecting Language and Disciplinary Knowledge in English for Specific Purposes: Case Studies in Law, by Alissa J. Hartig (2017), Multilingual Matters xi +191 pp
From Word To Sense Embeddings: A Survey on Vector Representations of Meaning
Authors: Camacho-Collados Jose , Pilehvar Mohammad Taher
Published: December 2018

Over the past years, distributed semantic representations have proved to be effective and flexible keepers of prior knowledge to be integrated into downstream applications. This survey focuses on the representation of meaning. We start from the theoretical background behind word vector space models and highlight one of their major limitations: the meaning conflation deficiency, which arises from representing a word with all its possible meanings as a single vector. Then, we explain how this deficiency can be addressed through a transition from the word level to the more fine-grained level of word senses (in its broader acceptation) as a method for modelling unambiguous lexical meaning. We present a comprehensive overview of the wide range of techniques in the two main branches of sense representation, i.e., unsupervised and knowledge-based. Finally, this survey covers the main evaluation procedures and applications for this type of representation, and provides an analysis of four of its important aspects: interpretability, sense granularity, adaptability to different domains and compositionality.
Epidural morphine combined with single-injection femoral nerve block for postoperative analgesia in patients after total knee arthroplasty: a randomized controlled trial v2
Authors: Meng Zhao-Ting , Cui Fan , Li Xue-Ying , Wang Dong-Xin
Published: December 2018

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an important therapy for patients with serious knee osteoarthritis in order to improve quality of life and relieve pain. But a large number of patients who undergo this surgery experience moderate to severe postoperative pain. Previously, the investigators used single femoral nerve blockade combined with patient-controlled intravenous analgesia for postoperative analgesia for patients after TKA. Although this method provides acceptable analgesia, the incidence of opioid-associated side effects is relatively high. Low-dose epidural morphine is commonly used in postoperative analgesia after cesarean section, and the effect of single dose morphine lasts more than 20 hours, with low incidences of itching, nausea, vomiting, and respiratory depression. The investigators hypothesize that, for patients undergoing TKA, the addition of low-dose epidural morphine to single femoral nerve block and intravenous opioids can improve the postoperative analgesia, reduce the consumption of intravenous opioids and decrease opioid-associated side effects.
Vaginal microbiota in the first trimester of pregnancy in women with a history of miscarriage
Authors: Sinyakova Anna A. , Shipitsyna Elena V. , Budilovskaya Olga V. , Martikaynen Zinaida M. , Grigoryev Aleksey N. , Bolotskikh Vyacheslav M. , Savicheva Alevtina M.
Published: December 2018

Hypothesis/aims of study. Dysbiotic disorders of the vagina are one of the main risk factors of miscarriage. The analysis of vaginal microbiota during pregnancy in women having a history of miscarriage may contribute to understanding the importance of specific types of vaginal flora in the development of processes resulting in spontaneous abortion or preterm birth. This study was undertaken to evaluate the vaginal flora in the 1st trimester of pregnancy in women having a history of miscarriage.

Study design, materials, and methods. To participate in the study, 160 individuals in the 1st trimester of pregnancy with and without a history of miscarriage were invited. Group 1 included 100 women with a history of miscarriage, group 2 consisted of 60 women without a history of miscarriage. The vaginal flora was analyzed with microscopic, bacteriological, and quantitative real-time PCR methods.

Results. In patients with a history of miscarriage, the frequency of dysbiotic disorders of the vaginal flora was three times higher (11.0% and 3.3%) and pH value of the vaginal fluid was significantly higher. Along with a significant reduction of the proportion of the Lactobacillus flora in the 1st trimester of pregnancy in patients having a history of miscarriage, there was a significant increase in the abundance of opportunistic microorganisms, mostly aerobic flora, such as Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcus spp., and Staphylococcus spp. Furthermore, there was a significant predominance of Ureaplasma spp. and Candida spp. in women with a miscarriage history.

Conclusion. The vaginal microbiota in the 1st trimester of pregnancy in women having a history of miscarriage is characterized by higher pH values of the vaginal fluid, the prevalence of opportunistic microorganisms, a decrease in the abundance of the Lactobacillus flora, and a higher concentration of aerobic bacteria, Ureaplasma spp., and Candida spp. These findings indicate dysbiotic disorders of the vaginal microbiocenosis in women having a history of miscarriage, which can lead to late miscarriage and pretem birth.
Effect of VDR gene polymorphism on bone mineral density in puerperants
Authors: Bibkova Olga S. , Sudakov Dmitry S. , Bogdanova Evdokia O. , Galkina Olga V. , Dymarskaya Yulia R. , Guziy Nadezhda S.
Published: December 2018

This study involved 89 postpartum and 97 nonpregnant women aged 20 to 35 years. The results of the genetic test were compared to bone mineral density (BMD) values. The lowest values of BMD were detected in the puerperas with the BB genotype of the BsmI gene, the tt genotype of the TaqI gene, the aa genotype of the ApaI gene, and the ff genotype of the FokI gene. In all the examined sections of the skeleton, with the combination of the four unfavorable genes, BMD values were the lowest.
Effect of diabetes compensation on ovarian function recovery in women of reproductive age with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Tolpygina Margarita G. , Tarasova Marina A. , Borovik Natalia V. , Misharina Elena V. , Tiselko Alyona V.
Published: December 2018

Hypothesis/aims of study. The adverse effects of type 1 diabetes mellitus on the female reproductive system have been proved by many studies. There is still conflicting literature on the impact of diabetes and other factor compensation on ovarian function in women with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Study design, materials and methods. The current analysis was undertaken to study the effects of diabetes compensation on ovarian function in women with type 1 diabetes mellitus. In order to this, 180 individuals aged 20 to 40 years were examined. The main group consisted of 112 diabetic patients with primary ovarian insufficiency, the comparison group included 68 women with type 1 diabetes mellitus and a normal ovulatory cycle. After 18–24 months following the therapy aimed to compensate diabetes, 63 patients with ovarian insufficiency were re-examined. The examination included determination of blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), FSH, LH, prolactin, estradiol, total and free testosterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, dihydrotestosterone, progesterone, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels, as well as ultrasound examination in the first and second phases of the menstrual cycle.

Results. Association of ovarian insufficiency with HbA1c level and the dose of insulin was found. Patients in the main group experienced a decrease in FSH and SHBG levels, an increase in the ovarian volume and the number of antral follicles compared to those in diabetic patients with a normal ovulatory cycle. In patients with decompensated diabetes and ovarian insufficiency, after the compensation of diabetes, the recovery of the ovulatory cycle was observed in 61.8 % of cases.

Conclusion. Ovarian function in women with type 1 diabetes mellitus depends on HbA1c level and the dose of insulin. Diabetes compensation in women with type 1 diabetes mellitus contributes to the recovery of ovulation in 61.8 % of cases.
Amniotic fluid volume assessment at the present stage of development
Authors: Mudrov Viktor A. , Mochalova Marina N. , Mudrov Andrey A.
Published: December 2018

Amniotic fluid not only provides conditions for normal growth and development of the fetus, but also prevents umbilical cord compression and infection of the uterine cavity due to the existing bacteriostatic effect. In addition, amniotic fluid volume varies in pathological conditions of the fetus and the uteroplacental complex, which can lead to irreversible consequences. The aim of this study was to analyze features of assessing amniotic fluid volume at the present stage of development. In this review article, we analyzed, systematized, and summarized data obtained by foreign and domestic authors from 1980 to 2017. Reliable determination of amniotic fluid volume will optimize the management of pregnant women threatened by risk of perinatal pathology.
CONSUMER SWITCHING BEHAVIOR IN BANKING INDUSTRY: CAN CONSUMER BASE BE PURCHASED, OR EARNED?
Authors: Demir Mehmet Özer , GÖK DEMİR Zuhal
Published: December 2018

Loyalty membership programs are widely used as a
strategical tool in banking. In the paper a unique loyalty membership program
in Turkey in which consumers are offered cash in order to convince them to
switch their financial service provider, bank, is studied. Literature supports
evidence for relationships between switching barriers and intention to switch,
however literature lacks studies testing the assumptions of
theories on consumer loyalty in specific industries. Exploratory in nature, the study tests the
literature supported relationships based on a real life case. The paper aims to
enligthen whether the consumers’ loyalty can be bougth with cash and other
provided benefits to make customers switch their current service provider into
new account after a special loyalty membership program offered for an
organization’s employees. The purpose of the paper is to research effects of
switching barriers on intention to switch in order to understand whether
consumer base can be purchased, or consumers are earned. Structural Equation
Modeling is performed with the data collected from a survey of 212 employees of
an organization. The results suggest that, in banking sector, imitable
switching barriers are not useful against switching intentions.
Inter-hospital obstetric referrals: public versus private sector to a tertiary care teaching hospital in South Kerala, India
Authors: T. Heera Shenoy , Shenoy Sheela
Published: December 2018

Background: Inter-hospital Emergency obstetric transfers should be carried out effectively and efficiently to avoid maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Authors would like  to analyse the determinants ,patterns and reasons for referrals to tertiary hospital  for women with obstetric high-risk, complications and obstetric emergencies  from both public and private sectors and look into course in hospital and their feto-matermal morbidities.Methods: Descriptive study done at a tertiary care teaching hospital where 124 obstetrical referrals from nearby private and public health sectors were recruited.Results: Infertility treated obstetric referrals were at significant risk of referral (p value-0.002). Public sector referrals had past history of early pregnancy loss which was significant (p value-0.002). Public sector had statistically significant in -labour referrals (p value-0.04). All the obstetric referrals from public health sector reached within half an hour while one third of private sector referrals travelled more than an hour for emergency obstetric care (p value 0.001). Bronchial Asthma caused significant morbidity among public sector referrals (p value-0.001). Public sector referrals <31 weeks were nil while 55 % obstetric referrals were referred <31 weeks from various private hospitals seeked neonatal care with significant p value (0.016). NICU admissions were statistically significant in private sector referrals (p-value 0.001). Mean hospital stay in private sector referrals was 10.17 days and it was 7.62 days in government referrals.Conclusions: Specific guidelines for whom to refer, how to refer, when to refer and where to refer would be helpful in making timely referral. More stringent documentation in the referral slips and more co-ordination between the referral unit and the higher centers are required to build a strong health system.
A prospective study on biochemical disturbances among cases of acute diarrhoea in children attending a tertiary care hospital of South India
Authors: Ankireddy Korsipati , Ravi Kumar Tenali
Published: December 2018

Background: Diarrhoea is one of the commonest clinical entities encountered regularly in clinical practice. In India, at least 1.5 million children die due to acute diarrhoea per year. Timely recognition, high index of suspicion and thorough understanding of various clinical signs in different types of dehydration is necessary in preventing the deaths. The present study focuses on the different types of biochemical alterations and electrolyte disturbances in cases of acute diarrhoea among children.Methods: A prospective study with ethical committee consent was done at a tertiary care hospital for two years in department of Paediatrics. All cases of acute diarrhoea attending with signs and symptoms of moderate and severe dehydration were included. Clinical history and necessary biochemical investigations including serum electrolytes were performed. The results and data were entered in an excel sheet and analysed.Results: 250 cases were enrolled in the study with males (57.6%) and females (42.4%). 1month to 5 years with 84 cases (33.6%) was the most common age group with mean age of 11.48± 2.4 years. History of passage of loose motions was with a frequency ranging from 6-12 /day with a mean frequency was 8.12/day. 80.8%cases had some kind of electrolyte abnormality with majority having isolated Hyponatremia and a combined Hyponatremia and Hypokalemia (33.6%) each.Conclusions: Diarrhoeal disorders can be easily prevented with proper hand hygiene practices, health awareness programmes, increased breast-feeding practices and proper disinfection of water. Hyponatremia, hypokalemia, combined Hyponatremia and hypokalemia are major electrolyte abnormalities in cases of diarrhoea.
Entre la “obediencia inexacta” y la “guerra antisubversiva”: estrategias discursivas de las Fuerzas Armadas en el Juicio a las Juntas Militares
Authors: Galante Diego
Published: December 2018

El trabajo analiza los discursos construidos por los miembros de las Fuerzas Armadas de Argentina durante el “Juicio a las Juntas Militares de1985, evento judicial que, en el contexto de la transición a la democracia, tuvo por objeto revisar las responsabilidades de las máximas autoridades militares por las violaciones a los derechos humanos cometidas en dictadura. En ese marco, se analizan las características de esos discursos y los tipos de relatos que construían sobre el pasado de violencia política, así como la relación entre esas intervenciones y la escena judicial. Finalmente, a la luz de esos resultados, se reflexiona sobre las potencialidades de las escenas judiciales transicionales para constituirse en campos propicios para la cristalización pública de saberes sociales en disputa.
Una tensión productiva: América Latina en las páginas de Historia y Sociedad
Authors: Ortega Reyna Jaime
Published: December 2018

Resumen: A partir de 1965 el pensamiento marxista auspiciado por el Partido Comunista mexicano comenzó un proceso de renovación que se encontró con una tradición de pensamiento proveniente de la influencia soviética en las ciencias sociales. La revista Historia y Sociedad en su primera época expresó de mejor forma la tensión que generó el proceso de renovación al interior del comunismo mexicano y la persistencia del coordenadas soviéticas en las ciencias sociales. En el texto que presentamos a continuación se explora el conjunto de tensiones que fueron desarrollándose a partir del estudio de distintos temas referidos a América Latina.
Sector inmobiliario y estructura urbana en la ciudad de Puebla 1900-2010
Authors: Cabrera Montiel Lorena , Delgado Javier
Published: December 2018

El objetivo del ensayo es ofrecer una lectura simultánea del impacto del capital inmobiliario sobre la estructura urbana de Puebla entre 1900 y 2010 a escala metropolitana. Este enfoque metodológico de largo plazo proporciona un contexto general, útil para entender la complejidad de una urbe que ha incrementado exponencialmente su superficie y parque habitacional al mismo tiempo. Su originalidad descansa en el enfoque analítico adoptado el cual permite entender la repercusión espacial del ajuste de políticas nacionales y locales, sistematizar datos aislados sobre la conformación de distintas formas de agrupación habitacional, y mostrar el cambio de una estructura urbana compacta a otra dispersa. Las principales aportaciones son una síntesis de la territorialidad de esos procesos, algunas ideas seminales sobre el papel del mercado inmobiliario y la relación de fuerzas y presiones sociales ejercidas, así como delinear conjeturas que pueden ser útiles para la discusión de políticas urbanas menos desafortunadas.
Historias interconectadas, historias cruzadas, enfoques transnacionales y otras historias
Authors: Barros José D'Assunção
Published: December 2018

El objetivo de este artículo es discutir las más recientes modalidades historiográficas que, al lado de la Historia Comparada, defienden la propuesta de lidiar con ‘procedimientos relacionales’ –aquí entendidos como aquellos que se encaminan más allá de los tradicionales abordajes historiográficos y atentan para los gestos historiográficos de la comparación, cruzamiento, interconexión y superación de los límites nacionales y civilizacionales en la elección de los objetos historiográficos. La historia transnacional, las historias interconectadas, las historias cruzadas, entre otras, se presentan en sus singularidades, a través de las perspectivas de los autores que utilizan estas designaciones para sus propios trabajos. El artículo considera que los procedimientos relacionales pueden referirse a la definición del objeto de investigación, modos narrativos, procedimientos analíticos, cruzamiento sistemático de fuentes y otros aspectos de la operación historiográfica. Como método para trabajar la discusión historiográfica, se recurre a la comparación entre textos representativos de estas corrientes, tomados como fuentes para análisis historiográfico.
La Guerra del Chaco vista por los ojos de los militares del ejército brasileño (1932-1935)
Authors: Rodrigues Fernando Da Silva , Da Silva Érica Sarmiento
Published: December 2018

Esta investigación analizó parte de la documentación producida por el ejército brasileño, que revela la posición institucional sobre la guerra boliviano-paraguaya en el Chaco Boreal, conflicto ocurrido entre los años 1932 a 1935 en las fronteras centrales de América del Sur, para tratar de identificar  en esos documentos construcciones históricas y políticas sobre las tensiones fronterizas en la década de 1930. El artículo refuerza que, además del conflicto entre Bolivia y Paraguay, ocurrían tensiones políticas establecidas entre Brasil y Argentina por la rivalidad tradicional y la disputa por el el poder regional.La investigación, pautada en los argumentos teóricos establecidos por la geopolítica de Mário Travassos, ayudó también a demostrar que los militares brasileños del periodo fueron los principales responsables por la intervención de la región Norte y del Centro-Oeste brasileño considerando, para este propósito, la ocupación territorial y el control de los límites terrestres, para mantener la soberanía nacional.
América Latina y el nacionalismo español. Alfonso XIII ante el movimiento hispanoamericanista (1902-1929)
Authors: Núñez García Víctor Manuel , Calero Delgado María Luisa
Published: December 2018

Dentro del imaginario nacionalista español desarrollado a finales del siglo xix y las primeras décadas del xx Latinoamérica y el incipiente movimiento hispanoamericanista va ganando un peso específico significativo,hasta desplegarse como un elemento fundamental tanto de consolidación interior como de proyección exterior. Para la corona y para las elites españolas las políticas de la memoria y la reactualización del pasado se convirtieron en vectores esenciales a la hora de generar sinergias positivas para concitar adhesiones y lealtades al proyecto nacionalizador. El objetivo del artículo se centra en el del papel del monarca, Alfonso XIII, dentro del movimiento hispanista desarrollado a ambas márgenes del Atlántico durante su reinado. Para ello se analizarán las visitas reales de Alfonso XIII a territorios de la actual Andalucía, sus conexiones con el movimiento hispanoamericanista y sus hipotéticas proyecciones hacia la consolidación del imaginario nacionalista español a través de una mirada renovada hacia América
Desinfestación biológica, anaerobia y reductiva al suelo para el control de organismos dañinos a plantas
Authors: Samaniego-Gaxiola José Alfredo , Chew-Madinaveitia Yasmin , Gaytán-Mascorro Arturo , Pedroza-Sandoval Aurelio
Published: December 2018

La necesidad de disminuir el uso de pesticidas sintéticos, bajar costos, incrementar eficiencia para el control de fitopatógenos y de realizar una agricultura orgánica, son razones para mejorar y desarrollar nuevas alternativas de control. La desinfestación biológica (DBS), anaerobia (DAS) o reductiva del suelo (DRS) son sinónimos; en ésta revisión, se utiliza el término DRS y se explica la razón. La DRS constituye un método aplicado al suelo para disminuir o eliminar bacterias, hongos, malezas y nematodos que dañan a los cultivos agrícolas. Esta técnica consiste en agregar una fuente de carbono orgánico de fácil oxidación como residuos de cosecha, semillas, abonos, etc., cubrir con plástico y saturar o inundar el suelo. De esta manera, la fuente de carbono se descompone en condición anaerobia, el suelo se acidifica, el potencial oxido reducción alcanza valores reductivos (-100 a -400 mV) y se generan ácidos grasos volátiles de cadena corta (AGVs). Los AGVs son letales para malezas y fitopatógenos en el suelo. En este ensayo el tema de la DRS, muestra un enfoque histórico, los principios que la sustentan, se hacen propuestas de mejora y evaluación de sus variantes, y se presentan aplicaciones prácticas.
Developing Authentic L2 Reading Materials
Authors: Rajabi Seifoddin , Farahian Majid
Published: December 2018

Reading means different things to different people; for some it is recognizing written words, while for others, it is an opportunity to teach pronunciation and practice speaking. However, reading always has a purpose. It is something that we do everyday; it is an integral part of our daily lives, taken very much for granted and generally assumed to be something that everyone can do. The reason for reading depends very much on the purpose for reading. Among aspects which prove positive when using authentic materials is that they are highly motivating, giving a sense of achievement when understood and encourage further reading. One of the main reasons for using authentic materials in the classroom is once outside the controlled language learning environment, the learner will not encounter the artificial language of the classroom but the real world and language the way it is really used (Berardo, 2006).    Keywords: Authenticity; Foreign language (L2) learning; Reading comprehension; Reading materials
The New Learning Environment Meets the General Needs of the Students Teacher for a Day
Authors: Teurculet Alina
Published: December 2018

The issues of teaching styles represent a constant concern of contemporary pedagogy. The analysis of the determinants of educational styles is aimed at identifying effective style in relation to each educational context according to Fiedler’s contingency model. There are some opinions that effective educational style could be described by the interaction of two dimensions: control or independence and emotionality (Potolea et al., 1989; Iucu, 2008). A previous study conducted in 1939 by Lippitt showed that in the democratic classroom atmosphere, the teacher, as a formal leader, helped to make a central position in the group stratification accessible to all members, and a friendly spirit of work recognition existed between the members - items on co-operation, praise, constructive suggestions, and objective criticism. A dominating type of verbal expression appeared to be the only path left open by which members could strive toward status in autocratic classroom atmosphere (Lippitt, 1939). Previous studies highlighted the impact of culture within they occur on communication skills (Serbanescu, 2009). In these circumstances, we intend to conduct a study, at the level of primary education classes, in order to investigate the relation between the leadership style of the teacher and students achievements. Previous studies recorded better results regarding intrinsic motivation and group cohesion (Soar, 1972). We also intend to investigate the influence of democratic atmosphere on school results in terms of students' emotional potential.    Keywords: Democratic classroom atmosphere; Formal and informal structures in group dynamics; Group cohesion; Results in terms of students' emotional potential
The Use of ICT in Pre-School Institutions
Authors: Pavlovic Dragana , Petrovic Zorica Stanisavljevic , Vulic Tatjana
Published: December 2018

The application of modern ICT tools in pre-school institutions is conditioned by various factors, both general and personal, which are related to the personality of pre-school teachers. The main aim of this paper is to examine the attitudes of pre-school teachers regarding the use of ICT in the process of upbringing of pre-school children. The results of the research obtained on a sample of 212 respondents show that pre-school teachers are aware of the insufficient use of ICT tools in the process of upbringing, as well as that there is a statistically significant difference in the attitudes of pre-school teachers with respect to the level of their education and years of service. The conclusions of the research point to the necessity of systemic changes, which would imply a better ICT equipment in kindergartens, as well as attendance of pre-school teacher training programs. Keywords: ICT potentials; Pre-school teachers; Years of experience, Years of service
Life Quality Evaluation of University Students Who do Sport and do not do Sport
Authors: Ozturk Emsal , Uzunali Husrev , Bekir Hatice
Published: December 2018

In this study, it is aimed to evaluate life quality of university students who do sport and don’t do sport, considering the effects of sport on life quality and common usage of the topic. Study’s working group who used descriptive survey method is consisted of 100 Gazi University, physical education and sports higher school students and 100 Gazi University, faculty of science and literature students, totally 200 students,. In this study, Personal information form and Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) whose adaptation was done by Kucukdeveci and his friends and whose reliability practiced and developed by Hunt and his friends was used as a data collection tool. At the end of study, university students’ life qualities can be seen different according to the condition of doing sport, in positive way statistically. It is concluded that total life quality, energy level, ache, emotional reaction, social isolation, sleeping and physical activity level is significantly high (p < 0.05) for someone who do sports.    Keywords: Life Quality; Sports; University Student
Availability of the Universal Human Rights Concepts in the Arabic Language Curricula in Palestine
Authors: Jalambo Mahmoud O. , Saleh Najwa F.
Published: December 2018

This study aimed at identifying the human rights concepts which should be included in the Arabic language textbooks of the primary schools in Palestine. It examines to which degree human rights concepts have been included in the Arabic language textbooks of the primary schools in Palestine. The study population consists of all the Arabic textbooks approved by the ministry of education for the academic year 2013-2014 in the primary schools, as the researchers’ sample is 12 textbooks. They used the descriptive analysis to identify the concepts contained in the Arabic textbooks, and the content analysis was used to identify the human rights concepts contained in the study sample. It was found that there is a realistic perception to integrate the human rights culture within the Arabic language curriculum in Palestine. It was also found that the Arabic language textbooks of the first and second primary grade focus on rights of essential freedoms over social and economic rights. Keywords: Arabic language curricula in Palestine; Human rights concepts;
An Examination of Smoking Status of Students Attending to Vocational School of Physical Education and Sports, and The Factors Effective Thereon
Authors: Ozturk Emsal , Uzunali Husrev , Demirsoy Recep
Published: December 2018

The aim of the present study is to examine the smoking habits of students attending to Vocational School of Physical Education and Sports.The questionnaire for eliciting information, as regards when and how smoking has begun, as developed by Colakoglu (2005) based on expert opinions was used as the data collection tool in the study. The sample of study was comprised of the students attending to Vocational School of Physical Education and Sports, BartınUniversity, and the study group was composed 100 students enrolled in the study on the basis of voluntariness. The 18-item questionnaire as utilised in the study was developed by TekinColakoglu based on expert opinoins with an aim to elicit information as regards demographic structure of students and when and how they begin smoking. Percentage and frequency distribution of data collected from replies to questionnaire items were presented and comparisons were made based on sub-variables of certain items. As a result of study, 58 percent of students participated in the study were from “22–26 years” age group, 72 percent were “Men,” 56 percent were “4thClass”students, 47.4 percent reported to have begun smoking at “High School,” 47.4 percent said they were affected by their “Friends” to begin smoking, and 68.4% they want to quit smoking.” In conclusion smoking is a bad habit and students begin smoking unwillingly by being affected by their friends. It can be concluded that educators and families should be more cautious and sensitive about smoking especially at secondary education.      Keywords: Smoking; Universitystudent; Vocational School of Physical Education and Sports
Surveying the Effectiveness of Educational Complexes on Educational Equity of Bushehr Province Education System
Authors: Behroozi Mohammad , Faryabi Mehdi
Published: December 2018

The aim of this paper was to survey the effectiveness of educational complexes on educational equity Bushehr province Education System in curricular year 2011-2012. This was a descriptive-survey research. Data were gathered via two researcher-structured questionnaires based on Likert scale. Statistical population consisted of 232 students and 41 teachers who were randomly selected based on simple sampling method. Content analysis was used for validity and Cronbach's Alpha was also used for reliability (α=0.88). Findings, based on appropriately statistical analyses, showed that there would be no significant relationship between independent students and complex regarding curricular progress, educational equity, attitude towards educational quality, educational facilities while teachers' attitude towards educational quality and facilities were supported and also there would be a significant relationship between the education quality and teachers' servicing experience. Keywords:Educational and training complexes; Educational equity; Effectiveness
The Impact of Writers with Bmental Thinking on Readers’ Positive Interpretation of Other Cultures (Evidence from Russian and Kazakh Literature of the XX Century)
Authors: Orazbayeva Narkes S. Orazbayeva , Nurgali Kadisha R.
Published: December 2018

Literature always was a reflection of stereotyped and private visions of the world, including perception of other cultures. With proper reading it is possible to distinguish authors whose oeuvre and world perception equally connects two cultural layers and objectively reveal the image of other nation. The analysis of these poets’ works require the use of the term "bimentality", which has already found application in articles on cultural studies, political science and teaching methods. The purpose of this article is to define the term "bimentality" in literary criticism by employing the material of Kazakh and Russian poets and writers’ oeuvre, including emigre writers’ works, to reveal prerequisites for the development of bimental consciousness and particular artistic styles that affect readers' positive interpretation of other cultures. The investigation identifies appropriate aspects of studying, such as specific artistic features, interethnic communication, visions of Europe and Asia and ways of using this method of reading The use of comparative analysis and context-hermeneutical method provides an opportunity to interpret works in light of literary, cultural, sociological and ethnographic questions that make the research applicable to interdisciplinary studies. Our results show that the development of bimental consciousness is caused by a country's social and political conditions; history of international relations; biographical factors and children's perception formation that influence the degree of ethnic identity, artistic style and vision of spatial and temporal boundaries. Poets and writers with bimental thinking can be intermediators between different mental realms and thus promoting the development of intercultural understanding. Keywords: Bimentality; Bimental thinking; Eurasianism; National identity; Russian literature