bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COST EFFECTIVE MECHANISM TO TREAT WASTE WATER
Authors: M. Patil Sadhana , S. Ashtaputre Atharv ,   PVPIT, Budhgaon, Sangli (Maharashtra)
Published: December 2022

Cost effective mechanism is the treatment of waste water to use treated water further for irrigation purpose and also to increase ground water level. That means, to reduce the concentration of TDS, BOD, COD, DO of waste water. Waste water includes plastic, sludge, and solid waste which directly and indirectly affect human health, underground water, and agriculture. In primary treatment, Screens are used for separating the solid waste and sludge flowing with waste water. We can use this separated sludge as a fertilizer for agriculture purpose. Purification of the waste water is done by aeration and sedimentation processes by providing porous bandhara, solid bandhara, & porous gravel filter. In further process a horizontal constructed wetlands are used. Constructed wetlands are shallow extensively vegetated water bodies that use enhanced sedimentation; fine filtration and pollutant absorb process to remove pollutants from waste water. This technology is using a natural way to effectively treating the waste water where no external energy is required as well as having low maintenance cost. This method is beneficial in draught areas to increase ground water level.
PERSONAL THOUGHTS ON AUTOMATION, PROGRAMMING CULTURE, AND MODELBASED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
Authors:   Chandigarh University,Gharuan, sawan Vikas , upadhyay Soumya , Bahuguna Renu ,   College of engineering Roorkee(COER),Roorkee
Published: December 2022

When compared to more conventional development techniques, model-based software engineering (MBSE), a methodology for developing software, is characterized in part by much higher levels of automation. Many important components of development involve the use of computer-based tools, such as authoring support (many MBSE languages are primarily visual), automatic or semi-automatic verification, the automated conversion of requirements into corresponding programmers, and many more. There is little question that automation, when correctly designed and achieved, may significantly boost the productivity of software developers and improve the quality of their programme, given the historical examples, such as the advent of compilation technology. Therefore, it becomes sense to predict that MBSE will swiftly overtake other software development methods, much to how computer-aided design methods for hardware were quickly adopted. However, this hasn't happened. This is an opinion piece that draws from the author's extensive knowledge of MBSE and its use in business. In it, we look at the factors that led to this paradoxical situation.
REVIEW ON SMART CITY IOT SECURITY USING BLOCKCHAIN
Authors: Kaur Dhanju Gurmanpreet , Tyagi Shobha , Kumar Aditya , Asthana Ishaan , Taluja Aditya ,   Manav Rachna International Institute of research and studies
Published: December 2022

Blockchain has grown in popularity as a crypto currency in recent years. It can also be used to secure IoT devices, helping to keep personal information private. Cities are becoming smarter these days thanks to IT and IoT devices, yet the data they generate is insecure due to IoT devices' limited processing capability. This is where blockchain comes in to secure the IoT data it generates. Blockchain and smart cities are still in their infancy, thus further study is required to integrate them. This study examines the challenges of implementing IoT security in smart cities using blockchain.
APPLICATION OF REVERSE GENETICS IN RNA VIRUS VACCINE DEVELOPMENT: A BRIEF REVIEW
Authors: Dutta Satyabrat , Arun Ambika , Sarkar Richa , Devansh Fulmali , Panwar Khushboo , Sinha Esha , Venu Gorre , Sain Arpita ,   ICAR-IVRI, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
Published: December 2022

RNA viruses can quickly spread and cause serious, even fatal, illnesses in both humans and animals. Platforms for creating and refining viral mutants for vaccine development have been made available by the introduction of reverse genetics methods for manipulating and studying the genomes of RNA viruses. In this article, we review the effects of RNA virus reverse genetics systems on previous and ongoing initiatives to develop efficient and secure viral treatments and vaccines.
AIR QUALITY AND EXCEEDANCE FACTOR OF ALWAR AND BHIWADI (RAJASTHAN)
Authors: Chaurasia Sadhana , Gupta Swatesh ,   MGCGV, Chitrakoot, Satna, M.P
Published: December 2022

This study presents the concentration of air pollutants namely PM10, PM2.5, NO2, SOx and O3, at two cities of Rajasthan India namely Alwar and Bhiwadi and their comparison with National Ambient Air Quality Standard to assess the air quality. The results Shows that gaseous pollutants such as SOx, NO2, and O3 were within the permissible limits in both the cities but particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5)was found higher than permissible NAAQS limit in both cities. The maximum concentration of PM10and PM2.5 was found 183.80 µg/m3 and 121 µg/m3 respectively at Bhiwadi and Alwar. The study also shows that PM10 and PM2.5 are criticaly polluting the ambient air quality of both cities. It may pose detrimental effect on human and environmental health. In this study AQI and Exeedence factor was also calculated. AQI result reveal that air quality of Bhiwadi was in poor category. Exeedence Factor also indicate that PM10 and PM2.5 are the predominate cause of air pollution in Bhiwadi and Alwar cities.
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PELAYANAN PERIZINAN USAHA MIKRO KECIL BERBASIS OSS RBA DI KABUPATEN SITUBONDO PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Ginting Arwanto Harimas , Bahroni Rizal , Rumbekwan Margaretha
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana implementasi kebijakan pelayanan perizinan usaha mikro kecil berbasis Online Single Submission Risk Based Approach (OSS RBA) di Kabupaten Situbondo Provinsi Jawa Timur. Perizinan berbasis OSS RBA adalah sistem perizinan berusaha secara elektronik yang bertujuan untuk memudahkan pelaku usaha dalam menerbitkan izin usaha. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada implementasi kebijakan perizinan berbasis OSS RBA berdasarkan implementasi kebijakan menurut teori Van Meter dan Van Horn dengan 6(enam) indikator. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif melalui pendekatan induktif. Informan ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampling dari Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu, Dinas Koperasi dan Usaha Mikro Kabupaten Situbondo dan pelaku usaha yang telah menerbitkan izin usahanya melalui OSS RBA. Kondensasi data, penyajian data serta penarikan kesimpulan merupakan teknik analisis data yang digunakan. Observasi, wawancara serta dokumentasi digunakan sebagai pengumpulan data. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa implementasi pelayanan perizinan usaha mikro kecil berbasis OSS RBA di Kabupaten Situbondo berdasarkan teori implementasi kebijakan Van Meter dan Van Horn sudah terlaksana dengan cukup baik. Pernyataan ini didasarkan terhadap tidak ditemukannya permasalahan yang sangat berarti terhadap pelaksanaan kebijakan serta badan pelaksana dan pelaku usaha merespon positif dan sangat mendukung terhadap kebijakan perizinan berbasis OSS RBA.
Evaluation of The Feeling of The Guilty Of Parents Due To Their Children's Existing Dental Problems
Authors: DUMAN Sacide , DEMİRCAN Beril
Published: December 2022

The aim of this study is to evaluate the feelings of guilt of parents about their children's problems caused by dental caries, and to examine the relationship between parental guilt and sociodemographic factors, by examining early childhood caries (ECC) and severe ECC (S-ECC). Children younger than 72 months with dental caries were included in the study (N=200). Parents answered the questionnaire consisting of two parts, which included sociodemographic information and adapted ECOHIS questions. Results were analyzed by Chi-square and one-factor Logistic Regression test. 85.5% of the children were S-ECC, and 14.5% were ECC.27.5% of the parents reported feeling guilty about their children's dental problems. Parents chose the lack of brushing with the highest rate (40.5%) as the source of the problem. 95.0% of the parents stated that existing dental caries in their children can be prevented, and 73.5% of them stated that visiting a dentist could be prevent the problem. No statistically significant relationship was found between the parents' feelings of guilt due to their children's dental problems and the sources of the problem, types of prevention, and sociodemographic characteristics. Parents should take the necessary responsibility for their children's oral health. Families should be informed about their children's oral health and encouraged to practice.
INVESTIGATION OF SPECTRAL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF SOME ORGANIC EYEGLASS LENSES
Authors: ATEŞ Gonca , BİLİCİ Sevim
Published: December 2022

In this study, the spectral and optical properties of organic spectacle lenses used as visual aids were analyzed using Jasco V-730 UV/VIS spectrophotometer device in the ultraviolet and visible light wavelength ranges. The results obtained showed that the light transmittance in the wavelength (550nm) range to which the human eye is most sensitive in the lens samples examined was over 80% and that Polycarbonate (A3) lenses had a maximum value of 97.87%. The largest cut-off edge wavelength value was found to be 390nm for the A3 lens. At 550 nm for all lenses, the absorption spectrum was below 0.07. In terms of visual quality, it is expected that the visible light transmittance is high and the ultraviolet light transmission is minimal. Our eyes are exposed to ultraviolet rays almost every day, and these rays cause damage to the ocular tissues. The degree of damage caused by the amount of ultraviolet light absorption increases. Among the organic lenses with ultraviolet protection coating, the protection of the A3 lens was relatively higher. Furthermore, optical band gap energies were found to range from 3.145 – 4.155 eV and 2.994 – 3.936 eV for direct and indirect transitions, respectively. The highest optical band gap values were found to be those of the B1 and C1 organic lenses, respectively.
Features of the Marshall Plan in the context of its economic aspect, pros and cons of its implementation
Authors:   Dolishniy Institute of Regional Research of NAS of Ukraine, NESTOR Olha
Published: December 2022

Introduction. The Marshall Plan, or the European Recovery Program after World War II, was a successful U.S. project with far-reaching positive consequences. Problem Statement. Considering that the Plan fostered the quick European recovery after the war, restoration of manufacturing, and increase in industrial capacity, it is worth addressing its peculiarities in more detail. Purpose. The article aims to analyze the peculiarities of the Marshall Plan in the context of its economic aspect and implementation of its pros and cons. Methods. The theoretical and methodological foundation of the research comprises the studies of leading foreign and Ukrainian researchers. Scientific problems related to the features of foreign assistance provision in the post-war period were examined with the help of the methods of critical and scientific analysis, scientific generalization, systematization, induction, and deduction. Results. The article provides an analysis of the pros and cons of the Marshall Plan. It addresses innovative tools applied in the course of its implementation, in particular, general agreements or a “letter of commitment”, purchase permits, auxiliary partnership funds, conditional aid, drawing rights, European Payments Union, and technical assistance. An analysis of the distribution of US economic aid to Europe within the framework of the Plan was carried out across loans, aid across articles and income per capita in the participating countries. A range of recommendations for the Ukrainian “Marshall Plan” is offered. Conclusions. The Marshall Plan was among the key events of the 1914-1990 period, which formed an unprecedented international cooperation scheme. The Plan implementation resulted in a substantial contribution of the U.S. to the recovery of World war II-torn Europe and the restoration of its industrial capacity, laying a strong foundation for European cooperation and an increase in the Europeans’ standards of living. The features of the implementation of the Marshall Plan, which most contributed to its success, were the organization of the provision of economic assistance, the encouragement of the recipient countries to their duties of active participation in reconstruction and cooperation, as well as the absence of bureaucracy and the high qualification of the team that implemented the Plan.
Assessment of attracting resources of international financial organizations for financing infrastructure projects in Ukraine
Authors:   SESE “The Academy of Financial Management”, KLYMENKO Kateryna , SAVOSTIANENKO Maksym ,   SESE “The Academy of Financial Management”
Published: December 2022

The article examines problematic issues of application of programs related to the formation and development of critical infrastructure by international financial organizations (IFIs) in the context of transformational processes, taking into account modern realities. An assessment of the current state of the structure of infrastructure projects financed by the resources of international financial organizations was carried out. The priority directions for the use of financial resources allocated by individual organizations were analyzed. It has been found that IFIs use various mechanisms and tools for providing assistance to states in the financial provision of infrastructure, and their resources are directed to cover capital expenditures from the state and local budgets, replenishment of budget funds for specific purposes. Financing of road, transport, energy infrastructure is carried out. The article emphasizes the fact that financial support of IFIs is provided for the development of municipal infrastructure, city transport, highways, railways, small and medium-sized businesses, implementation of renovation projects, etc. The need for more effective use of the resources of IFIs in financing infrastructure projects as an important element of the system of financial support for economic development and the construction and expansion of the relevant legislative framework, taking into account the state of war in Ukraine, is revealed. In order to determine the priority projects to be included in infrastructure plans, it is suggested to consider the possibility of applying in Ukraine the methodology of prioritization of infrastructure projects based on the multi-criteria evaluation of target indicators defined in state, sectoral or city strategies and programs, which was developed by the World Bank.
Development of a roadmap for cooperation between young scientists and business in the context of forming an innovative entrepreneurship ecosystem
Authors:   Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, YAKUSHEVA Nataliia
Published: December 2022

Roadmap development is an important strategic planning tool. The article develops and proposes a roadmap for cooperation between young scientists and business in the context of forming an ecosystem of innovative entrepreneurship. The analysis shows that innovative entrepreneurship in Ukraine is developing at a slow pace, cooperation between young scientists and business is low. In the proposed road map, the data of the conducted sociological survey on the cooperation of young scientists and business are considered, and the modified coefficient of the development of innovative entrepreneurship is given. A roadmap consists of three stages, such as research preparation, roadmap development, and roadmap implementation. Each stage has structural elements that are specific steps in solving the problem. At the first stage, an analysis of data from a sociological survey on cooperation between young scientists and business was carried out, a modified coefficient of development of innovative entrepreneurship was given, a list of interested stakeholders was formed, a unified project management was determined, the setting of the project's goals was outlined, and the time required for its implementation was estimated. Sources of funding for the project were identified. At the second stage of the development of the road map, a plan of measures aimed at the realization of the set goals in the future was proposed, the key executors of the project and the necessary resource support were determined. The conditions of the normative and legal regulation of the project, the terms of implementation for each specific measure, the mechanism of action regarding the management and prevention of project risks are given. At the third stage, proposals for examination and approval of the road map, a plan for the implementation of the road map based on the evaluation of key indicators, and control over the implementation of the road map are defined. The conclusions state that the implementation of the developed road map project will promote effective cooperation between young scientists and business, which will positively affect the development of innovative entrepreneurship and the formation of its ecosystem.
Management of Chili Root Rot Pathogen, Rhizoctonia solani, with Potential Rhizobacteria
Authors: Mateen Abdul , Mehmood Mirza Abid , Ashfaq Muhammad , Saddique Abu Bakar , Binyamin Rana , Ahmed Muhammad Mahmood , Naeem Hafiz Hamza
Published: December 2022

Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) belongs to the solanaceae family. It is a major vegetable crop grown on a wide scale in Asia. Nearly 20% of Pakistan's total vegetable producing land is utilized for cultivating chili. Various plant pathogens including viruses, fungi, bacteria and nematodes are responsible for causing diseases in chili crop. Among fungal diseases, root rot is an important fungal disease which is caused by Rhizoctonia solani. In the present study, a survey of different localities of Multan district were conducted and plants with prominent root rot symptoms were collected and subjected to characterization. Moreover, the disease incidence and prevalence was calculated in surveyed localities. Highest disease incidence i.e. 20.77% was evident in samples collected from Tatay Pur and the lowest disease incidence (7.59%) was observed in samples of Suraj Miani. Morphological identification of root rot samples was carried out based on growth, shape, color, and hyphae structure and confirmed the association of R. solani. Koch’s postulates were confirmed after pathogenicity test which was accomplished by stem application method. About 10 rhizobacteria were isolated from rhizospheric soils of healthy plants and dual culture technique was used to manage the R. solani mycelial growth under in vitro conditions. Our results revealed that rhizobacteria 7 (RB7) exhibited the highest inhibition percentage 54.81% while the lowest inhibition percentage i.e. 40% was evident using rhizobacteria 4 (RB4) compared to control. This study helped us to provide the alternatives to the chemical fungicides that could be explored under field conditions against root rot disease as they are ecofriendly and has less impact to the human life.
Evaluation of Perioperative Complications and Mortality in Covid-19 Patients Who Had Emergency Surgery
Authors: KORKMAZ Hamide Ayben , CEYLAN İlkay
Published: December 2022

Objective: The risk for adverse outcomes in COVID-19 patients necessitates further scrutiny in Covid 19 patients in providing appropriate surgical indications and perioperative surgical safety precautions. In this study, we aimed to contribute to elective surgery resumption about infection with early and late postoperative complications and mortality in patients with RT-PCR (+) and clinically suspicious COVID-19 who underwent emergency surgery in our hospital. Methods: A total of 86 patients who have been operated on in our institution for emergency surgery over the age of 18 who were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection seven days before or 30 days after surgery were enrolled in the study. In this retrospective study, the primary outcome has been established as mortality factors and survival within postoperative 30 days. Results: Regarding the primary outcome as 30-day survival, every 1-year increase in age increased the risk of death by two folds. Patients with one or more comorbidities have an increased risk of death 13 times and those with two or more have an increased risk of death 23 times. Patients in intensive care units increase the risk of death by 8.5 times compared to those who are not hospitalized. On the contrary, an increase in hemoglobin level was shown to reduce the risk of death by 0.8 times. Conclusion: The need for intensive care and mortality is high, especially after emergency surgery, in patients with COVID19 symptoms and more than one comorbidity. Surgical indications of such patients should be well investigated.
An Ethnobotanical Study Of Medicinal Plants In Savaştepe (Balıkesir-Turkey)
Authors: ÖZDEMİR NATH Ebru , KÜLTÜR Şükran
Published: December 2022

Objective: This research planned to record traditional uses and preparations of herbal medicines in Savaştepe, Balıkesir. The study was conducted between the years 2012-2016. The Savaştepe district is located on the borders of Balıkesir province. Methods: 44 villages connected to Savaştepe were visited during the research. With the help of the local people, the collected plants were diagnosed and converted into herbarium specimens. All herbarium samples are stored in the Herbarium of Istanbul University Faculty of Pharmacy (ISTE). Information about the use of plants were collected by the help of interviews with 205 people (107 men, 98 women). Results: As a result of this study, there were 163 medicinal plant taxa belonging to 53 families. Mostly used medicinal plant species families are Lamiaceae (22 taxa), Asteraceae (20 taxa), Rosaceae (16 taxa), Fabaceae (6 taxa), Brassicaceae (7 taxa), Apiaceae (4 taxa), Poaceae (4 taxa), Scrophulariaceae (4 taxa) respectively. According to the informations, the most common diseases were categozied into 12 group and their FIC values are calculated. The highest FIC value (0.852) for hemorrhoids. Having high use value represents that this taxa is commonly used in Savaştepe. The highest use value is 0.93 for Urtica dioica Conclusion: This study documented the medicinal plants used by local people of Savaştepe and also the uses, preparations and vernacular names of medicinal plant species. This study will help to concerve valuable informations of the medicinal plants of Savaştepe.
The Effect of Individual Education on the Participation of Relatives of Cancer Patients in General Health and Cancer Screenings: A One Group Pretest-Post Test Study
Authors: ÖZÇELİK Habibe , GÖZÜM Sebahat , ŞENOL COŞKUN Hasan
Published: December 2022

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether or not there were changes in the behaviors of relatives of cancer patients such as learning the warning signs of cancer, engaging in cancer prevention strategies, and participating in screenings after education sessions in the clinic. Methods: This one-group pretest-posttest study was conducted with 238 relatives in a medical oncology clinic in Antalya, Turkey. Individual education sessions were conducted as an intervention, banners were hung about cancer, and general health information on checkups in the form of leaflets were distributed to each relative regarding cancer screenings. Reminder messages were sent to individuals to participate in screenings one and two months after the first interview. The posttest data were collected by phone in the third month. Four questionnaires were prepared based on the literature and national cancer screening standards. The face validity of the tools was evaluated by three experts and 15 relatives who not included as participants. Results: The rate of having a mammography increased from 19.8% to 33.9%, rates of having the fecal occult blood test increased from 16.9% to 23.8%, and rates of having the HPV test increased from 43.5% to 49.6%. The rate of having blood pressure checks within the last 12 months increased from 75.8% to 83.1%, rates of blood cholesterol measurement increased from 68.5% to 79%, and rates of blood glucose measurement increased from 70.2% to 79%. Conclusion: Education provided to the relatives increased participation in screenings.
An Evaluation of Death Depression and Death Anxiety in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: OKUR Elif , NURAL Nesrin
Published: December 2022

Objectives: The study aimed to determine the level of death depression and death anxiety in patients with COPD. Method: The sample of this cross-sectional and descriptive study including patients’ views consisted of 104 patients diagnosed with COPD and hospitalized in a hospital’s pulmonary disease clinic in Turkey. Number, percentage, mean, regression, and correlation analysis were used in the analysis of the data. Results: The most disturbing symptom of COPD was found to be dyspnea (71.2%), cough (17.3%), and sputum (11.5%). 44.2% of the patients had mild, 40.4% had moderate death anxiety levels, and 51% were in a depressive mood. According to the regression analysis, the death depression total score is predictable based on marital status, disease duration, presence of respiratory disease in patients, and patients’ selfcare levels (R: 0.556, R2: 0.310, F: 3.401, p: 0.000). The Anxiety about Death Process-Pain and Suffering subscale score is also predictable depending on the marital status, duration of the disease, desire to know the truth in case of deadly disease, and the level of meeting self-care needs (R: 0.563, R2: 0.317, F: 3.520, p: 0.000). Conclusion: Nurses should monitor the following patients more closely in terms of death depression and death anxiety; those with high dyspnea, those with a history of respiratory disease, single or widowed patients, those with a disease of long duration, those who have difficulties meeting self-care needs and those who do not want to know the diagnosis in case of a deadly disease.
Rosacea-Specific Quality of Life Scale (RosaQoL): The Study of Adaptation and Validation for Turkish Rosacea Patients
Authors: TOSUN Mustafa , KARAGÖZ Yalçın
Published: December 2022

Objective: Rosacea-Specific Quality of Life Scale (RosaQoL) developed specifically for rosacea. The aim of the study was to adapt the RosaQoL Scale that is specific to Rosacea used in evaluating the quality of life of patients with Rosacea into Turkish, and evaluate its validity and reliability.

Methods: The RosaQoL Scale is a 21-item index that is specific to Rosacea, and was developed originally in English. The Turkish Scale, which was created after the clinical examinations of the patients, was applied to the patients. A total of 285 people, 240 females (84.2%) and 45 males (15.8%), who were diagnosed with Rosacea, admitting to the dermatology clinic between May 2019 and August 2019 were included in the study.

Results: The mean age of the patients was found to be 44.8 ± 12.5 years in the study. The internal consistency of the scale (Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient) was found to be 0.952. The correlation coefficient was calculated as r=0.988 in the test-retest reliability. The total RosaQoL score

was 62.4 ± 11.5 (Mean ± SD), and the total DLQI score was 7.85 ± 5.04 (Mean ± SD). For validity analysis, the correlation coefficient between RosaQoL and DLQI was calculated as r=0.411 (p
Hubungan Nilai Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) dengan Fungsi Kognitif di Poli Geriatri RSI Ibnu Sina Bukittinggi
Authors: Amelia Rinita , Abdullah Dessy , Luthfi Muhammad
Published: December 2022

AbstrakPendahuluan: Gangguan fungsi kognitif merupakan faktor penyebab terbesar terjadinya ketidakmampuan dalam melakukan aktifitas yang dapat disebabkan aspek gangguan vaskular yang di tunjukan dari nilai Ancle Brachial Index (ABI). Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan nilai ABI dan fungsi kognitif pada pasien geriatri di Poliklinik Geriatri RSI Ibnu Sina Bukittinggi. Metode: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasi analitik studi dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Populasi terjangkau dalam penelitian ini adalah lanjut usia yang berada di pasien poliklinik geriatri RSI Ibnu Sina Bukittingi periode 2020-2021 dengan 60 sampel menggunakan teknik random sampling. Analisa data univariat disajikan dalam bentuk distribusi frekuensi dan persentase dan analisa bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square dan pengolahan data menggunakan komputerisasi program SPSS versi 16.0. Hasil: Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai ABI terbanyak adalah tinggi yaitu 36 orang (60,0%), fungsi kognitif terbanyak adalah normal yaitu 45 orang (75,0%) dan tidak terdapat hubungan nilai ABI dan fungsi kognitif pada pasien geriatri di Poliklinik Geriatri RSI Ibnu Sina Bukittinggi. (p=0,406). Kesimpulan: Dari hasil studi menunjukan tidak terdapat hubungan nilai ABI dan fungsi kognitif pada pasien geriatri di Poliklinik Geriatri RSI Ibnu Sina Bukittinggi.Katakunci — Nilai ABI, Fungsi kognitif MMSE, geriatri Abstract Introduction: Impaired cognitive function is the most significant contributing factor in the inability to perform activities caused by aspects of vascular disorders shown from the Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) value. Aims: To determine the relationship between the Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) and cognitive function in geriatric patients at the Geriatric outpatient clinic of Ibnu Sina Islamic Hospital Bukittinggi. Methods: This research is an analytic observatory study with a cross-sectional approach. The affordable population in this study was the elderly in the geriatric outpatient clinic of Ibnu Sina Islamic Hospital Bukittingi 2021, with 60 people using random sampling techniques. Univariate data analysis was presented in frequency distribution and percentage and bivariate analysis using the chi-square test and data processing using the SPSS version 16.0 computerized program. Results: The highest ABI value was 36 people (60.0%), the most cognitive function was normal, namely 45 people (75.0%), and there was no relationship between ABI values and cognitive function in geriatric patients at the Geriatric outpatient clinic of Ibnu Sina Islamic Hospital Bukittinggi. (p = 0.406). Conclusions: The conclusion in this study showed there was no relationship between ABI values and cognitive function in geriatric patients at the Geriatric Outpatient clinic of Ibnu Sina Islamic Hospital Bukittinggi. Keywords — ABI value, MMSE cognitive function, geriatric
The Level of Knowledge Associated with Self-Medication Behavior of Over-The-Counter Medicine and Limited Over-The-Counter Medicine at RW 016 Bojong Nangka Village
Authors: Ismaya Nurwulan Adi , Andriati Riris , Pratiwi Rita Dwi , Indah Fenita Purnama Sari
Published: December 2022

Pendahuluan: Obat-obatan yang aman untuk digunakan dalam pengobatan sendiri termasuk obat yang dijual bebas dan obat bebas terbatas. Pengetahuan tentang informasi penggunaan obat bebas dan obat bebas terbatas berpengaruh kuat terhadap perilaku pengobatan sendiri. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan terhadap perilaku pengobatan sendiri obat bebas dan obat bebas terbatas di RW 016 Desa Bojong Nangka. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan survei analitik dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Teknik Systematic random sampling dengan hasil interval sampel digunakan untuk memilih 271 responden dari RW 016 Desa Bojong Nangka. Kuesioner digunakan untuk menilai tingkat pengetahuan dan perilaku. Hasil: Tingkat pengetahuan responden dibagi menjadi tiga kategori yaitu baik, cukup, dan kurang. Perilaku responden tergolong baik atau buruk. Berdasarkan temuan penelitian ini, 214 responden (79%) memiliki tingkat pengetahuan baik, 45 responden (16,6%) memiliki tingkat pengetahuan cukup, dan 12 responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan kurang (4,4 persen). Sementara 194 responden (71,6 persen) melaporkan perilaku baik, 77 melaporkan perilaku buruk (28,4). Analisis hubungan tingkat pengetahuan dengan perilaku pengobatan sendiri obat bebas dan obat bebas menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan dengan nilai p = 0,000. Kesimpulan: Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan terhadap perilaku pengobatan sendiri obat bebas dan obat bebas terbatas.
Artificial Intelligence dan Kardiologi: A Mini Review
Authors: Laksono Sidhi , Candra Wincent
Published: December 2022

Dalam diagnosis dan terapi pasien dengan gangguan jantung masih terdapat keterbatasan-keterbatasan tertentu. Teknologi medis berbasis artificial intelligence berkembang dengan pesat sebagai solusi yang dapat diterapkan untuk praktik klinis. Artificial intelligence sendiri merupakan istilah yang digunakan dalam pemanfaatan teknologi dan komputer untuk mensimulasikan perilaku cerdas dan pemikiran kritis yang sebanding dengan manusia. Saat ini, hanya pengaturan tertentu dalam praktik klinis yang mendapat manfaat dari penerapan artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence menawarkan solusi akan beberapa permasalahan pada kardiologi. Artificial intelligence berpotensi meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan kedokteran pada bidang kardiologi. Perlu adanya standar tertentu dalam manajemen kedokteran berbasis artificial intelligence.
PvML1 suppresses bacterial infection by recognizing LPS and regulating AMP expression in shrimp
Authors: Wang Yue , Yang Li-Guo , Feng Guang-Peng , Yao Zong-Li , Li Shou-Hu , Zhou Jun-Fang , Fang Wen-Hong , Chen Yi-Hong , Li Xin-Cang
Published: December 2022

Toll and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play essential roles in the innate immunity of Drosophila and mammals. Recent studies have revealed the presence of Toll-mediated immune signaling pathways in shrimp. However, the recognition and activation mechanism of Toll signaling pathways in crustaceans remain poorly understood due to the absence of key recognition molecules, such as peptidoglycan recognition proteins. Here, a novel MD2-related lipid-recognition (ML) member named PvML1 was characterized in Penaeus vannamei. We found that PvML1 shared a similar 3D structure with human MD2 that could specifically recognize lipopolysaccharides (LPS) participating in LPS-mediated TLR4 signaling. PvML1 was highly expressed in hemocytes and remarkably upregulated after Vibrio parahemolyticus challenge. Furthermore, the binding and agglutinating assays showed that PvML1 possessed strong binding activities to LPS and its key portion lipid A as well as Vibrio cells, and the binding of PvML1 with bacterial cells led to the agglutination of bacteria, suggesting PvML1 may act as a potential pathogen recognition protein upon interaction with LPS. Besides, coating V. parahemolyticus with recombinant PvML1 promoted bacterial clearance in vivo and increased the survival rate of bacterium-challenged shrimp. This result was further confirmed by RNAi experiments. The knockdown of PvML1 remarkably suppressed the clearance of bacteria in hemolymph and decreased the survival rate of infected shrimp. Meanwhile, the silencing of PvML1 severely impaired the expression of a few antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). These results demonstrated the significant correlation of bacterial clearance mediated by PvML1 with the AMP expression. Interestingly, we found that PvML1 interacted with the extracellular region of PvToll2, which had been previously shown to participate in bacterial clearance by regulating AMP expression. Taken together, the proposed antibacterial model mediated by PvML1 might be described as follows. PvML1 acted as a potential recognition receptor for Gram-negative bacteria by binding to LPS, and then it activated PvToll2-mediated signaling pathway by interacting with PvToll2 to eliminate invading bacteria through producing specific AMPs. This study provided new insights into the recognition and activation mechanism of Toll signaling pathways of invertebrates and the defense functions of ML members.
New prenylated indole diketopiperazine alkaloids and polyketides from the mangrove-derived fungus Penicillium sp
Authors: Huo Ruiyun , Zhang Jinxin , Niu Shubin , Liu Ling
Published: December 2022

Two new prenylated indole diketopiperazine alkaloids (PIDAs) penicamides A and B (1 and 2) and three new polyketides penicinones A−C (6−8), along with four known compounds deoxybrevianamide E (3), brevianamide V (4), 12,13-dehydroprolyl-2-(1,1-dimethylallyltryptophyl)diketopiperazine (5), and 4-hydroxyphenethyl 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetate (9), were isolated and identified from the culture extract of the mangrove-derived fungus Penicillium sp. Their structures were fully elucidated by analyzing spectroscopic data. The absolute configurations of these compounds were determined by the comparison of experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data and Mo2(OAc)4-induced and Rh2(OCOCF3)4-induced ECD experiments. Structurally, compound 1 is the first example of PIDAs featuring a 6/5/8/6/5 pentacyclic ring system with an α-hydroxy group at C-11, while compound 2 is a new analogue of PIDAs possessing the unique 3-methyleneindolin-2-ol moiety. In addition, compound 6 is a new lactone with the furo[3,4-b]pyran-5-one moiety. Compound 6 displayed potent cytotoxicity against murine melanoma (B16) cells, human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells, and human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells at 50.0 µM with inhibitory ratios of 82.7%, 75.1% and 95.9%, respectively. In addition, compound 6 exhibited significantly cytotoxic activity against the HepG2 cells, with an IC50 value of 3.87 ± 0.74 µM.
Histone Acetylation Defects in Brain Precursor Cells: A Potential Pathogenic Mechanism Causing Proliferation and Differentiation Dysfunctions in Mitochondrial Aspartate-Glutamate Carrier Isoform 1 Deficiency
Authors: Poeta Eleonora , Petralla Sabrina , Babini Giorgia , Renzi Brunaldo , Celauro Luigi , Magnifico Maria Chiara , Barile Simona Nicole , Masotti Martina , De Chirico Francesca , Massenzio Francesca , Viggiano Luigi , Palmieri Luigi , Virgili Marco , Lasorsa Francesco Massimo , Monti Barbara
Published: December 2022

Mitochondrial aspartate-glutamate carrier isoform 1 (AGC1) deficiency is an ultra-rare genetic disease characterized by global hypomyelination and brain atrophy, caused by mutations in the SLC25A12 gene leading to a reduction in AGC1 activity. In both neuronal precursor cells and oligodendrocytes precursor cells (NPCs and OPCs), the AGC1 determines reduced proliferation with an accelerated differentiation of OPCs, both associated with gene expression dysregulation. Epigenetic regulation of gene expression through histone acetylation plays a crucial role in the proliferation/differentiation of both NPCs and OPCs and is modulated by mitochondrial metabolism. In AGC1 deficiency models, both OPCs and NPCs show an altered expression of transcription factors involved in the proliferation/differentiation of brain precursor cells (BPCs) as well as a reduction in histone acetylation with a parallel alteration in the expression and activity of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). In this study, histone acetylation dysfunctions have been dissected in in vitro models of AGC1 deficiency OPCs (Oli-Neu cells) and NPCs (neurospheres), in physiological conditions and following pharmacological treatments. The inhibition of HATs by curcumin arrests the proliferation of OPCs leading to their differentiation, while the inhibition of HDACs by suberanilohydroxamic acid (SAHA) has only a limited effect on proliferation, but it significantly stimulates the differentiation of OPCs. In NPCs, both treatments determine an alteration in the commitment toward glial cells. These data contribute to clarifying the molecular and epigenetic mechanisms regulating the proliferation/differentiation of OPCs and NPCs. This will help to identify potential targets for new therapeutic approaches that are able to increase the OPCs pool and to sustain their differentiation toward oligodendrocytes and to myelination/remyelination processes in AGC1 deficiency, as well as in other white matter neuropathologies.
Rating scales institutionalise a network of logical errors and conceptual problems in research practices: A rigorous analysis showing ways to tackle psychology’s crises
Authors: Uher Jana
Published: December 2022

This article explores in-depth the metatheoretical and methodological foundations on which rating scales—by their very conception, design and application—are built and traces their historical origins. It brings together independent lines of critique from different scholars and disciplines to map out the problem landscape, which centres on the failed distinction between psychology’s study phenomena (e.g., experiences, everyday constructs) and the means of their exploration (e.g., terms, data, scientific constructs)—psychologists’ cardinal error. Rigorous analyses reveal a dense network of 12 complexes of problematic concepts, misconceived assumptions and fallacies that support each other, making it difficult to be identified and recognised by those (unwittingly) relying on them (e.g., various forms of reductionism, logical errors of operationalism, constructification, naïve use of language, quantificationism, statisticism, result-based data generation, misconceived nomotheticism). Through the popularity of rating scales for efficient quantitative data generation, uncritically interpreted as psychological measurement, these problems have become institutionalised in a wide range of research practices and perpetuate psychology’s crises (e.g., replication, confidence, validation, generalizability). The article provides an in-depth understanding that is needed to get to the root of these problems, which preclude not just measurement but also the scientific exploration of psychology’s study phenomena and thus its development as a science. From each of the 12 problem complexes; specific theoretical concepts, methodologies and methods are derived as well as key directions of development. The analyses—based on three central axioms for transdisciplinary research on individuals, (1) complexity, (2) complementarity and (3) anthropogenicity—highlight that psychologists must (further) develop an explicit metatheory and unambiguous terminology as well as concepts and theories that conceive individuals as living beings, open self-organising systems with complementary phenomena and dynamic interrelations across their multi-layered systemic contexts—thus, theories not simply of elemental properties and structures but of processes, relations, dynamicity, subjectivity, emergence, catalysis and transformation. Philosophical and theoretical foundations of approaches suited for exploring these phenomena must be developed together with methods of data generation and methods of data analysis that are appropriately adapted to the peculiarities of psychologists’ study phenomena (e.g., intra-individual variation, momentariness, contextuality). Psychology can profit greatly from its unique position at the intersection of many other disciplines and can learn from their advancements to develop research practices that are suited to tackle its crises holistically.
Intangible Mosaic of Sacred Soundscapes in Medieval Serbia
Authors: Đorđević Zorana , Novković Dragan , Dragišić Marija
Published: December 2022

Religious practice in Serbia has taken place using both indoors and outdoors sacred sites ever since the adoption of Christianity in medieval times. However, previous archaeoacoustic research was focused on historic church acoustics, excluding the open-air soundscapes of sacred sites. The goal of this review paper is to shed light on the varieties of sacred soundscapes that have supported the various needs of Orthodox Christian practice in medieval Serbia. First, in relation to the acoustic requirements of the religious service, we compare the acoustic properties of masonry and wooden churches based on the published archaeoacoustic studies of medieval churches and musicological studies of the medieval art of chanting. Second, we provide an overview of the ethnological and historical studies that address the outdoor sacred soundscapes and investigate the religious sound markers of large percussion instruments, such as bells and semantra, the open-air litany procession that has been practiced during the annual celebration of a patron saint’s day in rural areas, and the medieval assemblies that took place on the sacred sites. This paper finally points out that the archaeoacoustic studies of sacred soundscapes should not be limited to church acoustics but also include open-air sacred sites to provide a complete analysis of the aural environment of religious practice and thus contribute to understanding the acoustic intention of medieval builders, as well as the aural experience of both clergy and laity.
Nitrogen Use Traits of Different Rice for Three Planting Modes in a Rice-Wheat Rotation System
Authors: Xing Zhipeng , Huang Zhicheng , Yao Yu , Fu Dihui , Cheng Shuang , Tian Jinyu , Zhang Hongcheng
Published: December 2022

At present, there is a limited understanding of nitrogen (N) accumulation, translocation, and utilization in different types of rice grown using different planting methods in a rice–wheat rotation system. Systematic experiments were conducted with six rice cultivars, including two japonica-indica hybrids (JIHR), two japonica conventional rice (JCR) cultivars, and two indica hybrid rice (IHR) cultivars, to study the effects on N use of plants in three transplanting modes: (1) the pothole seedling machine transplanting mode (PM), (2) the carpet seedling machine transplanting mode (CM), and (3) the mechanical direct seeding mode (DM). Results showed that at stem elongation stage, for N content and uptake, the planting methods were ranked in the order PM < CM < DM, and at heading and maturity the order was PM > CM > DM. After stem elongation the rankings for N accumulation, ratio of N accumulation to total N, and N uptake rate were PM > CM >DM. Thus, on the basis of a certain amount of N accumulation in the early growth phase, increasing the N uptake rate and N accumulation in the middle and late growth phases are ways to increase total N uptake for the PM and CM modes compared to DM. In addition, the PM/JIHR treatment had the highest N uptake at maturity. The N contents of leaves, stem-sheaths, and panicles at heading and maturity for the three planting modes were ranked PM > CM > DM. Moreover, the N translocation amount, apparent N translocation rate, and translocation conversion rate of leaves under PM were significantly higher than for CM and DM, which would increase N accumulation in the grain. The N uptake per 100 kg grain and the partial factor productivity of applied N under PM were larger than for CM and DM, but the N use efficiency of grain yield and biomass were smaller for PM than for CM and DM. In conclusion, rice grown using PM, especially JIHR, had higher total N uptake and N utilization compared to the CM and DM modes, and cultivation measures to improve the N use efficiency of grain yield and biomass could be appropriately applied to further improve N use in a rice–wheat rotation system.