bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the dynamics structure of National formulary of medicines
Authors: Kabachna A. V. , Shelkova E. V. , Kabachnyi O. G.
Published: October 2018

For effective functioning in modern conditions the Concept of rational use of medicines, formulated by the WHO's initiative in 1985, requires cooperation of three basic components: the formulary system, the list of essential drugs and the availability of medical care protocols.

One of the main tools to streamline drug provision  in clinical practice is recognized the introduction of the formulary system and the development of the WHO Base formulary, which became the starting point for the creation of national formularies.

While creating National formulary British National Formulary was elected  as prototype.

Despite the fact that the State formulary structure basically meet international requirements, there is an objective need for its continuous improvement. The aim of the research was to study the dynamics of the structure of the eight editions National formularies published in Ukraine from 2009 to 2016 and determination of the main directions of its improvement.

Materials and methods. Performed information retrieval and analysis of the structure of all eight issues of the State Formulary Ukraine.

The analysis of the dynamics of the structure of State Formulars indicate the need for a gradual improvement of a number of indicators relating to the share of drugs included in the National List and reducing the share of drugs dispensed without a prescription. The list needs radical revision of the INN, which can be purchased health care facility for the budget and the number of combined drugs. Particular attention should be paid to the number of trade names of medicines domestic and foreign production, which accounted for one in terms of value medicines of domestic and foreign production, thus realizing the program for import substitution.

Special attention in creating State Formulary should be paid to the need to include Information on bioequivalence of medicines, the level of evidence of their effectiveness and the reference price.
The investigation of the cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccos L.) concentrated juice antimicrobial activity
Authors: Yatsiuk K. M. , Feodorovska M. I. , Kutsyk R. V.
Published: October 2018

The urinary system infections is one of the most common diseases of the genitourinary system in women. Of particular interest in the prevention and treatment of chronic cystitis is the consumption of the cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccos L.) fruits. This plant has long been used in urological practice due to the content of proantocianidins, flavonoids, organic acids (benzoic, citric, quinic, ursolic), pectin substances, vitamins, microelements etc. Numerous clinical studies (including randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled) reveal statistically reliable efficiency of cranberry juice in the forms of concentrates, cocktails and capsules to urinary system infections prevention in women.

Since the main pathogens of urinary system infections are Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, the aim of our work was to study the antimicrobial properties of the cranberry concentrated juice.

Comparative testing of antimicrobial activity was performed using micromethod of diffusion in agar.

The carried out study indicates that the concentrated juice maintains antimicrobial properties to the most common uropathogenic microorganisms. Effective antimicrobial concentration was found according with analysis of microbial cultures growth curves in a nutrient medium with various juice dilutions. Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus, E. faecalis) are more sensitive to the cranberry concentrated juice than gram-negative (E. coli and P. aeruginosa).

The adhere ability to a solid surface with the subsequent formation of biofilm is an important factor in the uropathogenic bacteria virulence. Therefore, the next step was to study the effect of cranberry juice biologically active compounds on the biofilms formation in the uropathogenic bacteria broth cultures. It was determined that cranberry juice suppresses the biofilm formation of S. aureus with the greatest intensity. It was observed the 45,3–55,8% reduction of the biofilm creating intensity in the presence of the condensed juice subbacteriostatic dilutions. When the condensed juice was diluted as 1:160, inhibition of E. faecalis biofilm formation ability on 44,90% was detected. The effect of cranberry biologically active compounds on the biofilms formation by gram-negative bacteria was observed in the range of 20%.

Thus, the obtained cranberry concentrated juice can be recommended as the remedy for application in prevention of recurrent urinary system infections.
Antibiofilm activity of aminopropanol derivatives against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Dudikova D. M. , Suvorova Z. S. , Nedashkivska V. V. , Sharova A. O. , Dronova M. L. , Vrynchanu N. O.
Published: October 2018

Bacterial biofilm, particularly formed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, are a cause of severe chronic infectious diseases. Bacteria within a biofilm are phenotypically more resistant to antibiotics and the macroorganism immune system, making it an important virulence factor for many microbes.

The aminopropanol derivatives with adamantyl (KVM-97) and N-alkylaryl radicals (KVM-194, KVM-204, KVM-261, and KVM-262) were used as study object. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibiofilm activity of compounds on biofilm formation and on mature biofilm of P. aeruginosa. The effects of the aminopropanol derivatives on the biofilm mass were evaluated by using crystal violet assay. Ciprofloxacin, meropenem, ceftazidime, gentamicin were used as reference substances.

Reported results demonstrate that all compounds displayed antibiofilm activity at the tested concentrations. Remarkable reduction in biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa was found after treatment with KVM-97, KVM-261 and KVM-262 in high concentration (5× MIC), biofilm inhibition activity were 84.3%, 90.5% and 83.3% respectively.

After a treatment with KVM-204 at 250 μg/ml (5× MIC) 76.6% of the preformed 24-hr biofilms were destroyed. Furthermore, compounds KVM-97, KVM-194, and KVM-261 in both concentrations showed potent antibiofilm activity against the P. aeruginosa, inhibition activity values being between 56.7 and 65.7%.

All tested compounds in dose-dependent manner exhibited pronounced inhibition activity against mature 5-days P. аeruginosa biofilm.

It was also observed that tested compounds show high antibiofilm activity in comparison to reference antimicrobials.

The aminopropanol derivatives may provide templates for a new group of antimicrobial agents and potential future therapeutics for treating chronic infections.
Optimization of the use of digital technologies in the educational process of pharmacists interns
Authors: Revyatsky I. Yu. , Grynkiv Ya. O. , Zalis’ka O. M.
Published: October 2018

In the modern educational process, the problem of applying innovative teaching methods remains one of the most actual in pedagogical and research activities, and the issues of the use of digital information technologies (DIT) and distance education require constant monitoring and careful study.

The aim of the work was to optimize the implementation of the educational process (EP) of pharmacists-interns by mastering modern DIT standards, software capabilities and approaches to their use.

Following processes were analyzed: the organization of education of pharmacists-interns at the department of the OEF, the technology of medicines and pharmacoeconomics of the Postgraduate Faculty Danylo Halytsky Lviv national medical university; Results of anonymous questionnaires of pharmacists-interns; The possibilities of communication programs for smartphones.

The process of o organization education involves the operation of certain information and is responsible for its systematization, distribution between teachers, interns, study groups and streams. We implemented the distribution of such information for the purpose and temporary relevance to the following types: current or targeted (CTI) – relevant for a short period of time, provides for the submission of information to a particular intern or group of interns; Temporarily static (TSI) – is current and permanent only for interns of a specific training cycle; General conditionally constant information (GCI) – relevant for interns of any training cycle and from year to year almost does not change. We also worked out the existing forms of submitting this information to interns, optimized and tested them. Based on the received data, we began to use: chat programs of smartphones (for the CTI and the TSI); Pages of the department in social networks (for TSI, GCI); the site of the department pharmosvita.esy.es (for GCI) created by us. Also, we give in social networks and/or chat programs, a message about the change in GCI.

Based on the work done, the department optimized the use of DIT by teachers. One of its main results is a qualitative increase in the level of communication processes between teachers and pharmacists-interns.

The use of Google form allowed to interns to independently submit the information necessary for the organization of the EP at the time and place convenient for them, having all the necessary documents with data nearby.

Using by teachers of the Department of Google services and local computer network optimized the processes of joint formation and exchange of information. Optimizing the processes of operating information and automating the processes of obtaining it with the help of DIT made it possible to reduce the time spent on the organization, reporting, and the total amount of information load on teachers as a whole.
Synthesis, physic and chemical properties of 2-(4-R-5-(thiophene-2-ylmethyl)-4h-1,2,4-triazole-3-ylthio)acetate acids and their salts
Authors: Suhak O. A. , Panasenko О. I. , Knysh Ye. G.
Published: October 2018

Derivatives of 1,2,4-triazole are inherent in various types of biological activity. They can be used as pesticide and medicinal drugs (anticonvulsants, analgetics, antitumor and antibacterial). In this regard the search of new methods of synthesis and investigation of biological activity of 2-(4-R-5-(thiophene-2-ylmethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-ylthio)acetate acids and their salts is relevant nowadays.

With the aim of finding the new biologically active compounds 2-(4-R-5-(thiophene-2-ylmethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-ylthio)acetate acids and their salts are synthesized, where R is methyl, ethyl, phenyl. The interaction of 4-R-5-(thiophene-2-ylmethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thions with monochloracetate acid in the medium of i-propyl alcohol in the presence of an equivalent amount of alkali the corresponding 2-(4-R-5-(thiophene-2-ylmethyl)-4H-1,2,4 triazole-3-ylthio)acetate acids are obtained on the basis of which the corresponding salts of morpholine, dimethylamine, monoethanolamine, pteridine, ZnSO4 , CuSO4, NaOH and KOH are obtained and the structure of the received compounds was confirmed on the basis of the data of elemental, IR-, 1H-NMR-spectroscopy.

The synthesis of 2-(4-R-5-(thiophene-2-ylmethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-ylthio) acetate acids and their salts was conducted. With the help of modern physico-chemical methods: elemental analysis, IR, 1H-NMR-spectroscopy the structure of synthesized compounds, and their individuality by HPLC-MS is proved.

In the IR spectrum of the compound 2-(4-phenyl-5-(thiophene-2-ylmethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-ylthio)acetate acid Ic available band fluctuations groups characteristic for the nucleus of 1,2,4-triazole: NH– in the range of 3 400–3 100 cm-1,–C=N– – 1 690–1 620 cm-1. Also present band fluctuations groups –C–S– at 691 cm-1. Available band fluctuations characteristic of the group –CH2 within 1496.59 cm-1 and group –COO-H– – 1722.70 cm-1.

This suggests the possibility to further study the biological action of the synthesized compounds.
Study of PEG-Filstim sub-acute toxicity
Authors: Karbovskyi V. L. , Shevchuk I. A. , Kurkina O. V. , Makovska T. Ye.
Published: October 2018

Febrile neutropenia caused by cytostatic therapy in the treatment of oncological diseases is a frequent complication, which results in enforced reduction in chemotherapy doses and lower effectiveness of the treatment. Introduction of the recombinant forms of the natural protein granulocyte colony-stimulating factor into clinical practice has allowed to minimize the negative consequences of myelosuppressive therapies. The main task of repeated dose toxicity studies of drugs is evaluation of damaging effects of the pharmacological substance, revealing the most sensitive organs and systems in the body.

Therefore, our work was aimed at studying sub-acute toxicity of PEG-Filstim.

Toxicity study of PEG-Filstim was performed in 50 white wild-type rats of both sexes with body weight 170 to 230 g on daily (28 days) subcutaneous administration in the doses of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg. During the whole observational period, survival, water and food consumption, body weight and symptoms of intoxication were registered. After completion of the experiment, spontaneous diurnal diuresis was evaluated and clinical blood and urine examination performed in all groups of animals.

The results have shown that PEG-Filstim on daily subcutaneous administration in the doses of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg during 28 days does not cause death in the animals, nor general toxic effects on health, behaviour, food and water consumption, body weight growth in laboratory rats. Upon repeated administration in the studied doses, PEG-Filstim does not affect protein, lipid, carbohydrate metabolism, does not impair functions of urinary and hepatobiliary systems, but increases blood serum alkaline phosphatase activity. PEG-Filstim causes development of pronounced neutrophil leucocytosis and increase in monocyte, lymphocyte and eosinophil count. In the maximum dose of 2.0 mg/kg the studied drug decreases blood red cell count and haemoglobin level.
Протиепілептичні препарати: взаємодія, особливості застосування
Authors: Prуlуpko N. A. , Grynkiv Ya. O.
Published: October 2018

При проведении фармацевтической опеки конкретного пациента (например больного эпилепсией) врач и провизор должны учитывать возможный факт взаимодействия противосудорожных препаратов между собой (при политерапии) или с препаратами других фармакотерапевтических групп (при лечении сопутствующих заболеваний, профилактике побочных реакций и т. д.). Кроме взаимодействия, важным фактором при отпуске противоэпилептических препаратов являются особенности применения препаратов этой фармакотерапевтической группы. Целью исследования было создание базы данных возможных взаимодействий противоэпилептических препаратов между собой и с лекарственными средствами других фармакотерапевтических групп. Обратить внимание на важнейшие особенности применения препаратов противосудорожного действия. Объектами исследования была информация о препаратах для лечения эпилепсии из государственных формуляров Украины и Великобритании, приказов МОЗ Украины, Государственного реестра лекарственных средств Украины, инструкций к противоэпилептическим препаратам и тому подобное. В исследовании были использованы методы библиографического и системного анализов. В результате проведенных исследований «Унифицированного клинического протокола медицинской помощи "Эпилепсии у взрослых"», Фармацевтической энциклопедии, рекомендаций Международной Лиги по борьбе с эпилепсией можно сделать предварительный обобщающий вывод, что препаратами первой линии выбора и такими, которые пользуются наибольшим спросом, являются вальпроевая кислота и ее соли, карбамазепин. Нами проведен сбор информации о возможных взаимодействиях противоэпилептических препаратов как между собой, так и с препаратами других фармакотерапевтических групп. Установлено, что наибольшее количество взаимодействий противоэпилептических препаратов происходит с такими группами препаратов: средства, действующие на нервную систему (и соответственно взаимодействие противоэпилептических препаратов между собой) – 237 фактов; противомикробные для системного применения – 78 фактов; средства, действующие на сердечно-сосудистую систему – 65 фактов и т. д. Чаще всего взаимодействия противоэпилептических препаратов как между собой, так и с препаратами других фармакотерапевтических групп происходят для препаратов 1 (базового) поколения – фенобарбитал, фенитоин, карбамазепин и др. Полученные данные можно использовать для информационного наполнения системы электронных рецептов. Информация может быть использована как на этапе выписки рецептов врачами, так и на этапе отпуска лекарственных средств из аптеки. Сравнение инструкций отечественных (генерических) и импортных (оригинальных) препаратов показало, что существенных различий в разделах «взаимодействие лекарственных средств», «особенности применения» для карбамазепина нет. Однако при назначении препаратов вальпроевой кислоты врач должен учитывать биофармацевтических аспекты, указанные в инструкциях к обоим препаратам.
Histological study of the drug PEG-Filstim sub-acute toxicity
Authors: Karbovskyy V. L. , Shevchuk I. A. , Kurkina O. V. , Makovska T. Ye.
Published: October 2018

One of the critical steps in development of safe and efficient drugs during their pre-clinical trials are toxicity studies.

Therefore, the aim of our work was to study PEG-Filstim toxic effects on animal internal organs and tissues.

Toxicity study of PEG-Filstim was performed in 50 white wild-type rats of both sexes with body weight of 170 to 230 g on daily (28 days) subcutaneous administration in the doses of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg. In all groups of animals, after completing the experiment careful pathomorphologic and histological examination was performed.

PEG-Filstim has been shown to possess no toxic effects on internal organs of laboratory rats and does not cause specific changes in the heart, kidneys and mucous coat of stomach on daily subcutaneous administration in the doses of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/kg within 28 days. In the maximum applied dose of 2.0 mg/kg, the studied drug causes pronounced acute splenic hyperplasia, related to hyper-proliferation of the reticular tissue, leads to functional strain of the liver due to formation of hematopoietic foci in it, as well as impaired integrity of the respiratory epithelium and congestive signs in the lungs, swelling of the brain tissues, abnormalities in the gray matter structure and hyperemia of the brain vessels. These effects were not observed in the animals, to which the drug was administered in the doses of 0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg. Administration of PEG-Filstim (in all studied doses) results in increasing the size of the ankle joint in rats, which is related to hyper-proliferation of the reticular tissue, leading to bone defect formation in the form of perforation with subsequent filling the periosteum with reticular tissue and formation of hematopoietic foci within its boundaries.
Multiple criteria decision analyisis for health technology assessment: scientific substantiation of criteria selection in Ukraine
Authors: Piniazhko O. B. , Zaliska O. M.
Published: October 2018

Multiple-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) is a framework where multiple criteria are being considered in a well-structured manner during the decision-making process. This methodology is becoming increasingly popular for aiding and supporting health-care decision making. Defining the criteria is a critical stage in the process as it forms the foundation of MCDA.

Our aim was to review information sources on the application of MCDA in practice in the world and to analyze the criteria included in the MCDA models. Research objects were MCDA reports and models from PubMed database. Research methods were system and content analyzes, data synthesis, generalization, extrapolation, statistical.

We reviewed scientific publications and official documents of existing or proposed MCDA models. We identified the criteria and assigned them into nine groups: Economics, Disease description, Intervention description, Health gain, Feasibility, Prevalence, Evidence quality, Social and ethical factors and Other criteria. We looked at MCDAs which are aimed to be used for Reimbursement or Investment Decisions (86%) and for Authorization Decisions (14%). Of the reviewed 25 MCDA models aimed to support reimbursement decisions only 1 lacks cost-related criteria, while 7 scoring systems lack social and ethical factors and 12 MCDAs don’t mention epidemiology or classification of target groups directly. We found that none of the reviewed MCDAs used for authorization decisions mentioned socioeconomic criteria. There is no direct connection between the number of criteria included in MCDA models intended to support reimbursement decisions and the GDP per capita figures of countries.

It can be seen that the selection of criteria has no standardized approach yet and most of the existing or proposed MCDA models were conducted to be relevant for decision-makers in the particular decision problems. The MCDAs supporting reimbursement decisions considered more criteria and the majority of them included economics and societal factors while most MCDAs intended to support authorization decisions only focused on the potential health benefits and outcomes. The most MCDA models included in our research were built in high-income countries.
Antiseptic properties of aminoadamantane derivative
Authors: Vrynchanu N. O. , Makitruk V. L. , Shalamay A. S. , Dronova M. L. , Dudikova D. M. , Suvorova Z. S. , Sharova A. O.
Published: October 2018

Development of microbial resistance to current antimicrobial drugs created a critical need of the new antiseptics. The object of our study was phenyladamantane derivative (4-(adamantyl-1)-1-(1-aminobutyl)benzol, AM-166). The aim of the presented study was to investigate the specific activity of 4% AM-166 solution in isopropanol and 5% AM-166 solution in 76% ethanol (manufactured by PJSC SIC «Borshchahivskiy CPP») against the wide spectrum of bacteria and fungi, and effective concentrations and exposition time determination. Desinfectant/antiseptic activity was evaluated by quantitative suspension method with subsequent neutralization.

Our results showed that both solutions exhibited similar activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria as well as against yeasts. Antibacterial and antifungal action was demonstrated for all investigated concentrations (initial solution, 5-fold and 10-fold dilutions), observed effect was maintained throughout the whole observation period (from 5 to 30 min).

Tested solutions in initial concentrations demonstrated fungicidal activity against A. niger. 5-fold dilution of 5% AM-166 solution in 76% ethanol was more effective than 5-fold dilution of 4% AM-166 solution in isopropanol. 10-fold dilutions of both solutions were ineffective against A. niger. The data obtained suggest the prospects of adamantane derivatives for the development of novel antiseptics.
NUM PISCAR DE OLHOS, O AMOR: EDUCAÇÃO DOS SENTIDOS E DOS SUJEITOS NO FILME DE ANIMAÇÃO “IN A HEARBEAT”
Authors: Ferrari Anderson , Oliveira Danilo Araújo de , França Filipe Gabriel Ribeiro
Published: October 2018

É tomando um drama construído no filme de animação In a Hearbeat que queremos problematizar as relações que estabelecemos entre amor, educação e constituição dos sujeitos. Inspirados pela perspectiva pós-estruturalista defendemos que somos resultados de discursos que nos constituem e que vão estabelecendo significados para nossos desejos, sentimentos e envolvimentos afetivos. É esse processo de construção educativa, dos sujeitos por meio dos artefatos culturais, que é o foco das nossas problematizações.
A HOMOSSEXUALIDADE FEMININA NA LITERATURA JUVENIL LGBTI
Authors: Amaral Caroline , Ribeiro Paula Regina Costa
Published: October 2018

Alguns livros juvenis vêm apresentando personagens jovens lésbicas, gays, transgêneros e intersexuais como protagonistas de suas histórias. Frente a isso, há interesse em analisar de que forma a literatura juvenil, enquanto artefato cultural, vem produzindo significados sobre o “ser lésbica”. Utiliza-se da Análise Cultural. As análises estão divididas em duas categorias: produção da feminilidade e produção do desejo afim de tecer apontamentos a partir dos artefatos e fundamentações teóricas. Vê-se que os livros Diário de uma garota atrevida, Amor entre meninas e Uma bebida e um amor sem gelo, por favor, sinalizam a homossexualidade feminina como permeada por regras hetenormativas. Nota-se que existem normas que interpelam a maneira como jovens lésbicas representadas nos livros vivem suas identidades sexuais.
CUIDAR LA VIDA ES CUIDAR LA MEMORIA”: TOPONÍMIA REBELDE DOS MOVIMENTOS SOCIAIS LATINO-AMERICANOS
Authors: Vargas Sebastião
Published: October 2018

O presente estudo propõe evidenciar a preocupação em se difundir uma "consciência histórica rebelde" dos movimentos sociais latino-americanos, em especial o Movimento do Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST) e o Exército Zapatista de Libertação Nacional (EZLN), através do que denominamos como toponímia rebelde, onde os nomes dos próprios territórios produzidos pelos movimentos (acampamentos, assentamentos, agrovilas, ruas, escolas, municípios autônomos, comunidades rebeldes, "Caracóis") estão repletos de significados históricos. Dessa maneira, se busca conectar as lutas do passado ao presente, através da nomeação dos territórios com nomes que remetem às lutas históricas ou personagens dessas lutas. Tanto os trabalhadores sem-terra brasileiros, quanto os zapatistas mexicanos demonstram um esforço consciente de preservar a memória histórica e honrar "mártires" e lutadores sociais do passado e do presente, almejando a recuperação do passado não oficial que se tenta apagar dos textos, mas persiste de algum modo na memória coletiva. Em síntese, trata-se de uma vontade de recuperação da história que, por um lado, indica continuidade e, por outro, ruptura.
FEMINISMO DE BASE COMUNITÁRIA NO CONJUNTO DE FAVELAS DA MARÉ (RJ): UMA ANÁLISE DE INICIATIVAS QUE DISCUTEM QUESTÕES DE GÊNERO
Authors: Rivera Patricia Elisa
Published: October 2018

O presente artigo objetiva refletir sobre as pedagogias feministas de base comunitária produzidas por 4 iniciativas que promovem debates sobre gênero no contexto do conjunto de favelas da Maré. O estudo partiu de uma abordagem qualitativa empreendendo o cruzamento de observações participantes, entrevistas e estudos bibliográficos para investigar os saberes e as práticas produzidos por estas mulheres e avaliar em que medidas tais ações se aproximam das diferentes vertentes feministas, da educação popular e de uma perspectiva decolonial. Neste artigo, serão apresentados alguns dos resultados das entrevistas realizadas com 17 mulheres no ano 2016. Assim, as experiências analisadas focam nas perspectivas de mulheres dos distintos territórios das periferias da América Latina, de mulheres que resistem em contextos de violências e que, em meio a esses contextos, constroem espaços e produzem pedagogias que desconstroem e descolonizam modos de pensar e transformam as formas de agir.
A PAIXÃO PELA DESIGUALDADE, A INTERSECCIONALIDADE E NOVOS FEMINISMOS
Authors: Guerra Lemuel , Ferreira Lorene Dias
Published: October 2018

Este artigo explora algumas implicações da teoria política de Rancière (2005), colocada em presença das visões em disputa no campo atual do feminismo, mais especificamente as que incluem nas suas pautas reivindicativas a abordagem interseccional – com a agregação da luta antirracismo e o especismo, em suas vertentes vegetariana e vegana.  Fazemos uma interpretação rancièriana das referidas propostas, no sentido de revelar eventuais pontos de tensão a partir da sua conceitualização da democracia e da política do autor e de outros a ele relacionados.
FOME CONTRA FOME: O OLHAR DE JAIME AMORIM SOBRE A GREVE DE FOME DE 26 DIAS
Authors: Amorim Jaime De , Souza Rubneuza Leandro de
Published: October 2018

FOME CONTRA FOME: O OLHAR DE JAIME AMORIM SOBRE A GREVE DE FOME DE 26 DIAS
MOVIMENTOS FEMINISTAS NO BRASIL E SUA AÇÃO INSUBMISSA FRENTE AO GOLPE DE 2016
Authors: FERREIRA Maria Mary
Published: October 2018

Os recentes acontecimentos que marcam o Brasil no processo e após o impeachment de Dilma Rousseff acirraram um amplo debate sobre a condição da mulher neste País, cuja cultura política é reconhecidamente patriarcal. As ações do movimento feminista demonstraram que o golpe revestido de impeachment, no qual se articularam os setores mais conservadores do País: mídia, o Congresso Nacional, o judiciário, capitaneado pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal e a elite econômica, mostraram que a misoginia, o machismo, o sexismo, são parte de uma cultura patriarcal que não ultrapassou os muros do Século XX. As ofensivas dirigidas à então Presidenta Dilma através de redes sociais e de forma mais direta no episódio da Copa do Mundo em 2014, surpreendeu pela grosseria, misoginia e violência dos homens sobre as mulheres. Uma violência que como se viu ultrapassa os espaços do privado para publicizar de forma inesperada e cruel contra uma mulher que, naquele momento representava a sociedade brasileira tendo em vista sua eleição em 2010 e reeleição em 2014. A ação e reação dos movimentos feministas que, ao longo das décadas se singularizaram pela radicalidade, pela força transgressora das várias articulações, se fez presente em atos de norte a sul do País. Mostrando um feminismo revigorado, criativo, transgressor, articulado e renovado. Neste artigo apresentamos uma reflexão sobre as correntes que ajudam a compreender como os movimentos feministas se movimentaram no País através de várias frentes de lutas. Foram estas frentes que desnudaram e desmascararam o golpe. Os movimentos afirmaram seu potencial de luta de insubmissão e descontentamento em relação à situação de uma mulher que, naquele momento, representava todas as mulheres oprimidas e vítimas do patriarcado. O estudo ora apresentado é parte de reflexões que se dão no contexto acadêmico e na luta feminista como ativista, e como pesquisadora. Metodologicamente o estudo se caracteriza como qualitativo e perspectiva dialética, dada a dimensão das análises que buscam pensar o movimento feminista como movimento político, considerado um dos pilares da emancipação as mulheres, responsável por protagonizar ações políticas de intervenção na realidade.
COCINA NACIONAL, PROCESSOS IDENTITÁRIOS Y RETOS DE SOBERANÍA: LAS RECETAS CULINARIAS CONSTRUYENDO MOZAMBIQUE
Authors: Meneses Maria Paula
Published: October 2018

¿Puede el conocimiento producidos por mujeres, en forma de recetas, parte de la red del Océano Índico, promover una interpretación más amplia acerca de los contactos e historia, más allá del imaginario colonial? Asiente en dados de archivo e investigación etnográfica, este trabajo tiene como objetivo comprender cómo la comida puede personificar contactos geográficos y culturales, procesos de identidad que desafían las representaciones nacionales vigentes sobre la soberanía alimentaria.Como el texto problematiza, los alimentos siguen siendo símbolos particularmente potentes de la identidad personal y de grupo, formando uno de los fundamentos de la individualidad y de los sentidos de pertenencia común a un grupo más grande (cosmopolita, a menudo). Lo que es mucho menos comprendido es como un pilar tan estable de la identidad también puede ser tan fluido y cambiante; cómo se pueden mantener los límites, aparentemente insuperables, entre las prácticas y los hábitos dietéticos específicos de cada grupo, mientras las dietas, recetas y cocina están en constante flujo.Este texto interroga el colonialismo desde una perspectiva de la historia subalterna, buscando analizar los contactos coloniales a través de los alimentos, en un amplio contexto global. Intentaré entretejer episodios históricos dentro de una discusión más amplia - de presentar la dinámica de los contactos tras la participación de muchos grupos diferentes de personas, a menudo abrazando diferentes versiones del concepto de soberanía alimentaria. En un segundo momento exploraré las conexiones entre alimentos generadas por los encuentros coloniales, como forma de análisis de los efectos de la colonización y de los procesos migratorios, elementos clave para analizar la soberanía alimentaria como parte del proceso de afirmación cultural y soberanía política.
O FEMINISMO DE PRIMEIRA ONDA NO INTERIOR DE MINAS GERAIS PELAS MÃOS DE MARIA DE LOURDES TEIXEIRA
Authors: Moura Nayara Aparecida de , Santos Simone Maria dos
Published: October 2018

Durante séculos, as mulheres foram apagadas da História; sem sobrenome, participação efetiva ou voz ativa, elas se comparavam a fantasmas que andavam pelo mundo sem deixar rastros. Contra este cenário, emerge, na Europa do século XVIII, o Feminismo de Primeira Onda e, em consonância com este movimento, no século XIX, têm-se a Primeira Onda do Feminismo no Brasil. As feministas utilizaram as letras como estratégia de militância na luta pela emancipação feminina e pela conquista de direitos. Adentrando gradualmente no universo jornalístico tradicionalmente masculino, as mulheres ganharam visibilidade, força e espaço para suas lutas de gênero. Nessa perspectiva, buscou-se investigar e analisar a primeira onda do movimento feminista no interior de Minas Gerais, em Divinópolis, a partir dos escritos de Maria de Lourdes Teixeira, professora e escritora, no jornal A Estrella da Oeste entre 1922 e 1923.
Investigating the molecular basis of rubella virus-induced teratogenesis: a literature review
Authors: Goubran Mariam
Published: October 2018

Rubella virus (RV) is the etiologic agent of rubella, a disease more commonly known as German measles. The 1940 rubella epidemic in Australia allowed for the identification of RV as a teratogenic agent: infection early in pregnancy causes a variety of birth defects collectively referred to as congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). Although rigorous immunization policies have dramatically reduced the incidence of CRS, it is still estimated that around 100,000 infants are born with CRS every year. Furthermore, in light of the recent Zika virus epidemic which is now known to be a causative agent of microcephaly and other birth defects, a deeper understanding of RV may help elucidate the paradigm of viral teratogenesis and aid in the development of therapeutic agents to prevent the development of birth defects in fetuses after maternal infection. This review aims to give a summary of the current knowledge regarding the molecular biology of the virus followed by an overview of potential mechanisms of RV-induced teratogenesis as well as suggestions for possible future directions for research.
Transgender Bodies in "The Little Mermaid" and ​Swim Thru Fire
Authors: Gerber Lizette
Published: October 2018

Swim Thru Fire, a web comic published in 2015 by Annie Mok and Sophia Foster-Dimino, takes inspiration from transgender interpretations of Hans Christian Andersen’s “The Little Mermaid,” prompting an analysis of both the adaptation and its predecessor. A transgender reading of Andersen’s story highlights the identity binary of humans and mermaids, as well as the discrimination faced by the little mermaid when she tries to transition from mermaid to human, elements that are similar to transgender experiences. Mok and Foster-Dimino’s work then uses this interpretation to rewrite the story with a transgender mermaid as its protagonist, and draws direct attention to relevant transgender issues while pushing the tale further to advocate for gender diversity.
“A Lost Pulse of Feeling”: Reconnecting with the “Hidden Self” in Matthew Arnold’s “Buried Life”
Authors: Perkins Jana
Published: October 2018

Matthew Arnold’s “Buried Life” explores the desire for genuine human connection amidst the self-isolating impositions of his speaker’s society. It presents an image of a world so lacking in meaningful interaction that those who exist within it are bound to a restrictive state of half-life, disconnected as they are from the rest of humanity. While much of the critical discourse has viewed Arnold’s poem as little more than a woeful lament for an unattainable state of existence, this paper considers a reading in which the speaker has succeeded in moving beyond the bounds of his collective isolation and is optimistic of there being a manner in which others can do the same. In such a reading, the methodology for replicating the speaker’s success is gradually revealed throughout the text, and the plan which he proposes is a simple one. In order to unearth the life which has been “buried,” he suggests, in order to reconnect — however briefly — with that “lost pulse of feeling” from which so many have grown distant, all that is required is for the members of his society to communicate freely with one another about even their deepest, most “nameless feelings.”
Editorial Board and Acknowledgements
Authors: Marken Liv
Published: October 2018

The Editorial Board for volume 4, issue 1 of USURJ. Advisors for USURJ. Acknowledgments to campus partners and contributors.
Covering in Canada: Potential to Animate Human Rights
Authors: Bolger Ellen M. L.
Published: October 2018

This paper seeks to situate Kenji Yoshino’s thesis from Covering: the hidden assault on our civil rights within the Canadian human rights context. The main research question is whether his thesis is of any practical utility within the Canadian human rights statutory framework – that is if there is room for improvement in the current legislation. After examining the case law, one course of action in the Canadian law context is to protect gender expression to gender identity in jurisdictions that have not already chosen to do so. Instead of only protecting the most blatant covering demands related to gender expression, it would be beneficial to apply the protection of gender expression in a very broad manner. “Covering” as defined by Yoshino is an issue applicable to the Canadian legal context under many different protected grounds of discrimination, such as place of origin and sex.
Lesbians under National Socialism: Legal Indifference, Real Oppression
Authors: Crowder Hannah Elizabeth
Published: October 2018

Lesbian women experienced unique persecution under National Socialism in Germany despite no specific legal discrimination being placed upon them. Through strict expectations of gender norms, lesbian women experienced oppression leading up to the Second World War, and during the war were heavily targeted and arrested under a wide range of charges. When women didn’t perform their gender roles to the standard expected of them they were socially ostracized, or directly targeted in some cases. The experiences of women in Ravensbrück concentration camp are used to illustrate the mistreatment and directed attacks on sexual minority women. Finally, the author ties together the treatment of women both before and during the war to show that lesbian women, while not persecuted through formal laws, experienced significant trauma under National Socialism through a variety of policies and practices, both social and political.
‘Come with me, sweetest sister’: Unravelling the Enigma of Sacred Sisterhood in Aurora Leigh by Elizabeth Barrett Browning and “Goblin Market” by Christina Rossetti
Authors: Penteliuk Kayla Marie
Published: October 2018

Throughout the Victorian era, Elizabeth Barrett Browning and Christina Rossetti occupied a prominent position in a newly emerging female literary movement. Both authors sought to resist and revise the limitations of Victorian womanhood through the composition of controversial works that rivalled the achievements of their male contemporaries. In the 1856 epic Aurora Leigh by Elizabeth Barrett Browning and the 1862 narrative poem “Goblin Market” by Christina Rossetti, both Barrett Browning and Rossetti employ an early feminist perspective to explore the parameters of Victorian sisterhood and the potential strength of female friendship. Although Laura, Lizzie and Jeanie in Rossetti’s work possess a sororal relationship that is distinct from Marian Erle and Aurora Leigh’s relationship in Barrett Browning’s work, the innumerable connections between both publications have caused critics to compare and hierarchize the two authors. Thus, a literary sisterhood has developed between Barrett Browning and Rossetti that curiously mirrors the sisterhoods of their fictions. This paper seeks to assess the inescapable presence of sisterhood in Aurora Leigh and “Goblin Market” by analyzing the manner in which a sisterly connection, not only through blood relations but also through close friendships that resemble sisterhood, allowed female forces to be allied, nurtured, and empowered amidst the patriarchal and misogynist structures of mid-nineteenth century Britain.
“Is She Really the Man?”: Exploring Performativity in Twelfth Night
Authors: Andrew Lauryn , Brewster Bailee , Farr Bayley , McDonald Mae
Published: October 2018

As modern women, in agreement with third wave feminists, we know that gender is not a binary. Did Shakespeare attempt to portray this very concept through Viola’s character in Twelfth Night? We argue that Viola is gender fluent and performs gender. Women’s subjection to men’s authority provides the motive for Viola’s disguise (Stierna). Gender is her costume, and the intentions behind that costume change throughout the play as she performs as a woman, a man, and ultimately a person.
Cover Artist
Authors: Akingbehin Akinwande
Published: October 2018

The artwork took me a very long time: about 30+ hours. It was a portrait of my roommate; I charged him very little because it would be my first portrait here in Canada. The title is Mr. Femi (because that is his name). I used gouache on a canvas; that's my medium.
Language, Class, and Mobility in Twelfth Night 1.5
Authors: Barabas Nathalie , Chanthasiry Lyreshia , Kim Judy , Le Huy
Published: October 2018

Viola, the play’s protagonist, changes her manner of speech depending on the person spoken to but also the subject she is addressing, so that her discourse exhibits a fluidity that transcends social class. Through the use of language, Viola effects various radical changes in social perception, and she ultimately ascends the social ladder to a higher status.
Social Behaviour and Gossip in The School for Scandal
Authors: Lipski Stephanie , Stuart Katie
Published: October 2018

We perform a contextual analysis of The School for Scandal by relating it to further research into the historical, literary, and psychological prevalence of gossip.
The Positive Side of Imposture in Twelfth Night
Authors: Manderscheid Devyn , Diakow Alex , Wallin Shania
Published: October 2018

We are taught from childhood that lies have negative consequences, but Shakespeare has them often result in happy endings. We want to know why, in Shakespearean comedy, lying can be good. In reading Twelfth Night, we wanted to understand why leading characters tell lies, and why those lies so often end favourably. What is Shakespeare really saying by having lies not necessarily be a bad thing? To achieve our goal, we employed primary textual analysis, a review of published critical analyses, and heuristic reasoning. We continue to be interested in what motivates a leading character in a comedy to want to lie, and what are the consequences for her doing so.
Viability of Business as an International Development Actor
Authors: Bugg Emma
Published: October 2018

Business plays a central role in international development as both an intentional and unintentional actor. This paper evaluates the role of business as an international development actor and considers the benefit corporation, a for-profit entity that holds in equal part public benefit and profit within their mandate, as a potential avenue for businesses to play an intentional positive role. The current role of business in international development is hard to define, but its effects are certainly mixed. What is clear is that the behaviours of businesses have significant impacts on both human and environmental security. Many development efforts are based on the belief that a strong private sector and competitive markets are essential conditions for development. This has defined business’s role in development as mostly geared towards wealth creation, employment, and providing goods and services. Business practices and their effects on communities globally have repeatedly demonstrated the need for a code of ethics and the importance of caution and impact assessments as businesses shift into intentional roles as development actors. The benefit corporation model provides an opportunity for businesses to operate internationally while playing a positive role in international development. This paper uses CSR theory, a framework of classification for development agents, and a case study of the benefit corporation Patagonia to evaluate the viability of the benefit corporations as international development actors.
Ovarian remission in cats is a distant adverse consequence of surgical castration
Authors: Ланцова Вера , Lancova Vera
Published: October 2018

It has been established that in part (13 %) of cats who have undergone ovariohysterectomy, sexual devotions are restored with time. In determining the levels of sex hormones in the blood of this group of animals, a high content of progesterone, 7 times higher than the level of a hormone in the blood corresponding to its content in intact animals, was found. The revealed behavioral and hormonal changes together with the presence of a clear correlation between them are an indication of the presence of luteal tissue in the body and the development of such a negative effect of ovariohysterectomy as the ovarian remnant syndrome. The preliminary diagnosis of the ovarian remnant syndrome in sterilized cats with restored manifestations of sexual hunting was fully confirmed by the results of the determination of the level of anti-Mullerian hormone in the blood of animals.
Evaluation of sleeping respiratory rate in cats with congestive heart failure: the degree of adherence to this test of animal owners and its impact on patient survival
Authors: Руденко Андрей , Rudenko Andrey
Published: October 2018

Purpose of the study. To study the owners' adherence to assessment of sleeping respiratory rate in cats with congestive heart failure and its effect on the survival of sick animals. Materials and methods. A retrospective study of the survival rate of 84 cats with congestive heart failure. Results. It was found that the degree of owners' adherence to the assessment of sleeping respiratory rate has a significant effect on the survival rate of cats with congestive heart failure. The median duration of life of sick cats, whose owners had a high adherence to monitoring a respiratory function, was significantly longer. It was determined that the low degree of owners' adherence to this problem is an independent predictor of the lethal outcome in cats with congestive heart failure. Conclusion. It is recommended to identify in a timely manner the factors of low diagnostic adherence among owners and to conduct explanatory work to improve it.
Pengaruh Penerapan Standar Akuntansi Pemerintahan (Sap) Berbasis Akrual Dan Sistem Akuntansi Keuangan Daerah Terhadap Kualitas Laporan Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Gunung Kidul
Authors: Rahmah Kurnia , Zulkifli Zulkifli
Published: October 2018

This research aims to analyze the effect of application of government accounting standard and the effect of region’s financial accounting system on the quality of regency financial statements GunungKidul regency (empirical study at government institutions in GunungKidul regency DIY). There are 36 respondents in this research uses purposive sampling method. SPSS 17.0 is used to analyze hypotheses in this research. Based on the result of this research are application of accrual basis government accounting standard influence positively, but not significant on quality of regency financial statements GunungKidul regency, and region’s financial accounting system influence positively, but not significant on quality of regency financial statements Gunung Kidul regency.