bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A case of a transient phrenic nerve paralysis after resection of a giant lymphangioma evaluated by dynamic digital radiography
Authors: Kamimura Go , Ueda Kazuhiro , Takeda Aya , Miyata Ryo , Aoki Masaya , Nagata Toshiyuki , Sato Masami
Published: June 2023

Background

Lymphangioma is a relatively rare benign congenital malformation composed of dilated cystic lymphatic vessels; however, its occurrence in adults and manifestation as mediastinal lymphangioma are even rarer. In general, the incidence of mediastinal lymphangiomas has been reported to range from 0.01 to 4.5% of all mediastinal tumors. Mediastinal lymphangiomas tend to increase in size and can sometimes stretch the phrenic nerve that are present in the mediastinum, resulting in phrenic nerve palsy.

Dynamic digital radiography (DDR) allows for quantitative evaluation over time and has recently been utilized in actual clinical practice. The distance between the apex of the lung and diaphragm can be measured, and the movement of the left and right lungs and diaphragm can be evaluated separately. In this report, we describe a case in which DDR demonstrated the improvement of phrenic nerve palsy.

Case presentation

A 32-year-old woman with no medical history and no smoking history reported dyspnea on exertion, and abnormalities were noted on chest X-ray. Close examinations revealed thymic, pericardial, bronchogenic, and teratoid cysts, and since they appeared to be growing in size, the patient was referred for surgery. Because the giant cyst prevented visualization of the thoracic cavity, puncture was performed for aspiration. The stretched phrenic nerve was identified in the giant cyst wall and was dissected to avoid damaging it. The cyst wall was detachable and excised without obvious mediastinal invasion. The patient had a good postoperative course and was discharged on postoperative day 5. Dynamic digital radiography on postoperative days 3 and 17 showed movement of the left diaphragm, with improvement over time.

Conclusions

Mediastinal lymphangiomas tend to grow in size and can sometimes stretch the phrenic nerves that are present in the mediastinum, resulting in phrenic nerve palsy. Dynamic digital radiography (DDR) is a modality that can also be evaluated quantitatively and over time and can comprehensively determine improvement in transverse paralysis.
Mental health service use and costs associated with complex emotional needs and a diagnosis of personality disorder: analysis of routine data
Authors: Botham Joseph , Simpson Alan , McCrone Paul
Published: June 2023

Aims and method

We aimed to estimate the costs of care for people with a personality disorder diagnosis and compare service use and costs for those receiving specialist input and those receiving generic care. Service use data were obtained from records and costs calculated. Comparisons were made between those who received care from specialist personality disorder teams and those who did not. Demographic and clinical predictors of costs were identified with regression modelling.

Results

Mean total costs before diagnosis were £10 156 for the specialist group and £11 531 for the non-specialist group. Post-diagnosis costs were £24 017 and £22 266 respectively. Costs were associated with specialist care, comorbid conditions and living outside of London.

Clinical implications

Receiving increased support from a specialist service may reduce the need for in-patient care. This may be clinically appropriate and results in a distribution of costs.
A core competency framework for mental health peer supporters of older adults in a Chinese community: cross-culturally informed Delphi study
Authors: Wong Edwin Lok Yan , Yau Jessie Ho-Yin , Sze Lesley Cai Yin , Kanagawa Hotinpo Sky , Leung Dara Kiu Yi , Liu Tianyin , Wong Gloria Hoi Yan , Lum Terry Yat Sang
Published: June 2023

Aims and method

Non-Western literature on the core competencies of mental health peer supporters remains limited. Therefore, we used a three-round Delphi study with peer supporters, service users (i.e. someone using peer support services) and mental health professionals to develop a core competency framework for peer supporters in the Chinese context.

Results

The final framework included 35 core competencies, the conceptual origins of which were local (14.3%), Western (20%) and both local and Western (65.7%). They were grouped into five categories in ascending peer supporter role specificity: (1) self-care and self-development, (2) general work ethics, (3) work with others, (4) work with service users and (5) peer support knowledge.

Clinical implications

A culturally valid mental health peer support competency framework can minimise role confusion and refine training and practice guidelines. In a Chinese context, peer supporters were valued as generic support companions, whereas functions highlighted in the West, such as role modelling, were perceived as less critical.
Time Series Prediction of Lung Cancer Death Rates on the Basis of SEER Data
Authors: Altuhaifa Fatimah
Published: June 2023

PURPOSE

The purpose of this study was to apply different time series analytical techniques to SEER US lung cancer death rate data to develop a best fit model.

METHODS

Three models for yearly time series predictions were built: autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), simple exponential smoothing (SES), and Holt's double expansional smoothing (HDES) models. The three models were built using Python 3.9, on the basis of Anaconda 2022.10.

RESULTS

This study used SEER data from 1975 to 2018 and included 545,486 patients with lung cancer. The best parameters for ARIMA are ARIMA (p, d, q) = (0, 2, 2). In addition, the best parameter for SES was α = .995, whereas the best parameters for HDES were α = .4 and β = .9. The HDES was the model that best fit the lung cancer death rate data, with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 132.91.

CONCLUSION

Including monthly diagnoses, death rates, and years in SEER data increases the number of observations for training and test sets, enhancing the performance of time series models. The reliability of the RMSE was based on the mean lung cancer mortality rate. Owing to the high mean lung cancer death rate of 8,405 patients per year, it is acceptable for reliable models to have large RMSEs.
Literati of the Garrisons
Authors: Vedal Nathan
Published: June 2023

Conventionally characterized as a perfunctory exercise established to bolster the ranks of Manchu officials, the Qing dynasty civil service translation examination, and its accompanying curriculum of literary and classical training, played a major role in the development of literary-intellectual values among members of the Eight Banners. This article demonstrates how it contributed to the emergence of a multiethnic population of Manchu, Mongol, and Chinese bannermen possessing high levels of Manchu literacy who would become consumers and producers of Manchu literature, translations, and textbooks, engendering a literati culture that extended beyond the administrative concerns of the court. While the Manchu language is commonly considered to have become moribund by the late eighteenth century, the translation examination highlights its continued, and in certain contexts growing, significance into the early twentieth century. These findings require a reexamination of Manchu cultural identity beyond imperial ideology and the role of non-Han peoples in literati culture more broadly. They also provide new insights into the classicizing potential of vernacular languages within the linguistic ecologies of early modern East Asia.
“Enter with Green Code Only”
Authors: Zhang Jingxue , Zhang Charlie Yi
Published: June 2023

This article uses the app Health Code, a smartphone-based application for contact tracing and risk assessment that serves as a COVID-19 health passport, as an example to explore how “biometric citizenship,” a new mode of preemptive social regulation, functions and malfunctions in contemporary China. First, through a review of China's transition from socialism to neoliberalism, the authors trace how the tenet of citizenship shifts from biological/biopolitical to biometric as the party-state's agenda changes along the process. Second, drawing on media coverage and comments from social media, we show how Health Code consolidates the biometric paradigm of citizenship and turns the relatively stabilized temporal basis of biological/biopolitical citizenship into fragmented temporalities to tighten social control. This preemptive control system improves the state's acumen for self-revamping and self-preservation and enhances its capacities to harness people's re/productivities. It also disrupts the habituated way of living and further marginalizes the groups with diminishing re/productive potentialities.
An ethogram identifies behavioural markers of attention to humans in European herring gulls (Larus argentatus)
Authors: Hacker Franziska , Graham Paul
Published: June 2023

Herring gulls (Larus argentatus) are one of few species thriving in anthropogenic landscapes. Their history of urbanisation and familiarity with people makes them a good target for studies of human–wildlife interactions. Previous research highlights a connection between food-stealing behaviour, success in anthropogenic areas, and increased attention towards humans, raising questions about the exact extent of a gull's knowledge of human food cues. To explore these, behavioural responses to human cues in a food-related context were investigated and presented in a systematic ethogram, which identified three distinct markers of attention. Head turns, approaches, and angular body position all differed significantly between control and food conditions, showing that attention towards humans in a food-related context was upregulated and reflected in behaviour. In food condition trials, head turns occurred more often and gulls faced more towards the experimenter with occasional approaches that were never seen in control conditions. Acoustic and behavioural human food-like cues alone seemed insufficient to elicit these responses, indicating that gulls specifically paid attention to the details of human behaviour or had specific knowledge of anthropogenic food items. These results show situation-dependent attentional modulation in gulls and provide a description of attentive behaviours that can be used in further study.
Elimination of aberrantly specified cell clones is independent of interfacial Myosin II accumulation
Authors: Klipa Olga , El Gammal Menna , Hamaratoglu Fisun
Published: June 2023

Spatial organization within an organ is essential and needs to be maintained during development. This is largely implemented via compartment boundaries that serve as barriers between distinct cell types. Biased accumulation of junctional non-muscle Myosin II along the interface between differently fated groups of cells contributes to boundary integrity and maintains its shape via increased tension. Here, using the Drosophila wing imaginal disc, we tested whether interfacial tension driven by accumulation of Myosin is responsible for the elimination of aberrantly specified cells that would otherwise compromise compartment organization. To this end, we genetically reduced Myosin II levels in three different patterns: in both wild-type and misspecified cells, only in misspecified cells, and specifically at the interface between wild-type and aberrantly specified cells. We found that the recognition and elimination of aberrantly specified cells do not strictly rely on tensile forces driven by interfacial Myosin cables. Moreover, apical constriction of misspecified cells and their separation from wild-type neighbours occurred even when Myosin levels were greatly reduced. Thus, we conclude that the forces that drive elimination of aberrantly specified cells are largely independent of Myosin II accumulation.
The enzymatic and neurochemical outcomes of a mutation in Mexican cavefish MAO reveal teleost-specific aspects of brain monoamine homeostasis
Authors: Pierre Constance , Callebert Jacques , Launay Jean-Marie , Leclercq Julien , Rétaux Sylvie
Published: June 2023

Monoamine oxidases (MAO; MAO-A and MAO-B in mammals) are enzymes catalyzing the degradation of biogenic amines, including monoamine neurotransmitters. In humans, coding mutations in MAOs are extremely rare and deleterious. Here, we assessed the structural and biochemical consequences of a point mutation (P106L) in the single mao gene of the blind cavefish, Astyanax mexicanus. This mutation decreased mao enzymatic activity by ∼3-fold and affected the enzyme kinetics parameters, in line with potential structure–function alterations. HPLC measurements in brains of four A. mexicanus genetic lines (mutant and non-mutant cavefish, and mutant and non-mutant surface fish) showed major disturbances in serotonin, dopamine, noradrenaline and metabolite levels in mutants and demonstrated that the P106L mao mutation is responsible for monoaminergic disequilibrium in the P106L mao mutant cavefish brain. The outcomes of the mutation were different in the posterior brain (containing the raphe nucleus) and the anterior brain (containing fish-specific hypothalamic serotonergic clusters), revealing contrasting properties in neurotransmitter homeostasis in these different neuronal groups. We also discovered that the effects of the mutation were partially compensated by a decrease in activity of TPH, the serotonin biosynthesis rate-limiting enzyme. Finally, the neurochemical outcomes of the mao P106L mutation differed in many respects from a treatment with deprenyl, an irreversible MAO inhibitor, showing that genetic and pharmacological interference with MAO function are not the same. Our results shed light on our understanding of cavefish evolution, on the specificities of fish monoaminergic systems, and on MAO-dependent homeostasis of brain neurochemistry in general.
Mapping movie genre evolution (1994 – 2019) using the role of cultural and temporal shifts: a thematic analysis
Authors: Mohanty Anshuman , Mudgal Aditi , Ganguli Shirshendu
Published: June 2023

Background: The gratification each person seeks through a movie is different. Sometimes a person would seek information through movies or use them for educational purposes, and some might watch movies to escape into a world of fantasy or humour. Keeping in mind the diverse and ever-changing needs of the audience, the primary objective of this study is to observe the evolution of movie genre and content preference in India, which is one of the largest and culturally intriguing movies producing nation across the globe.

Methods: To attain the objective, the researchers have thematically analysed the top five revenue grossing movie genres over a span of 26 years (1994 to 2019) in Bollywood. More than 100 storylines have been analysed to develop genre trend graphs and the results indicate a sharp decline in the popularity of romantic and family dramas, whereas comedy and action movies have witnessed an overall growth with romantic comedies (romcoms), being the most stable amongst the top five.

Results: Several societal factors like the changing family structure, education level, access to dating applications and even terrorism have been considered to elucidate the evolving psyche of the audience. The theoretical understanding of the result is derived from the uses and gratification theory, cross culture communication theory, and Bandura’s social cognitive theory. 

Conclusions: This study would provide  film-makers with a guide to understanding the changing movie genre preferences in India, which in turn would help them to produce economically profitable movies in future.
Happiness and satisfaction research pre and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a bibliometric analysis of global scientific literature
Authors: Pang Nicholas Tze Ping , Kamu Assis , Guan Teik Ee , Sombuling Agnis , Ho Chong Mun , Mohamad Noor Hassline , Wider Walton , Fauzi Muhammad Ashraf
Published: June 2023

Background: The study provides a comprehensive analysis of trends of global scientific research, comparing pre-coronavirus disease (COVID 19) and during COVID-19 research in happiness and satisfaction, from 2014 up to 2021.

Methods: The study period of the current research was divided into two phases, before the COVID-19 pandemic (1998 documents) and during COVID-19 (2020 until December 18, 2021). The Scopus database was comprehensively searched on relevant publications on Happiness and Satisfaction. Only articles published in English were retrieved. Bibliometric indicators were analyzed using Bibliometrix, an R package, and VOSviewer. Var1.6.6. Bibliometric indicators include the year of publications, authors, region, subject areas, countries, institutions, journals, country collaboration. Authorship productivity was presented in the final analysis.

Results: A total of 3069 documents were extracted from Scopus. Overall, articles retrieved were written by 5220 authors before COVID-19 (2014-2019) and 3520 authors during COVID-19 (2020-2022), published in 2593 journals, with 83 counties represented before COVID-19 and 84 during COVID-19, and 21.66 average citations per document before COVID-19 and 30.4 average citations per document during COVID-19. Journal of Happiness Studies led in the number of articles produced. University of California was the most productive institution both before (number of publications [NP] = 42) and during (NP = 19) the COVID-19 pandemic. The US was the most productive country on multiple metrices; firstly, based on the most productive country both before (NP = 341) and during the pandemic (NP = 145), and secondly, based on the multiple country publications metric both before (NP = 34) and during the pandemic (NP = 34).

Conclusions: This bibliometric study demonstrates that the COVID-19 pandemic has not significantly affected the productivity of happiness and satisfaction researchers; however, there are subtle changes in thematic evolution that will probably inform the direction of happiness research in the coming decade.
Case Report: A rare case of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the female urethra
Authors: Firmansyah Mohamad Rheza , Bramono Ikhlas Arief , Santoso Rachmat Budi , Harahap Edward Usfie , Rayhani Farilaila , Djuita Fielda , Rosalina Rosalina , Mochtar Chaidir
Published: June 2023

Background: Urethral adenocarcinoma is a very uncommon problem in women, with a prevalence of 0.02%. Due to the disease's rarity, there is very little information available about it. Treatment for cancer can have a significant negative influence on a patient's condition. Mucinous adenocarcinomas are a very uncommon type of cancer that is poorly studied. These cancers almost invariably have a worse outcome compared to conventional adenocarcinomas.

Case Presentation: A 67 year old woman presented with hematuria and stranguria. A computerised tomography (CT) scan of this patient revealed an urethral tumor. In her histopathologic report we found the tumor cells were arranged in small clusters and single cells were scattered among extracellular mucin and signet ring cell picture, which is consistent with mucionous adenocarcinoma. We then performed partial urethrectomy with negative surgical resection, but the tumor reappeared 18 months later with no symptoms. The patient then decided to undergo radiotherapy for 33 sessions. From a recent MRI follow up the patient remains recurrence free.

Conclusions: Early surgical treatment with or without adjuvant radiotherapy appears to be the best option in cases of small, organ-confined disease of urethral mucinous adenocarcinoma. Partial urethrectomy can be performed in this type of cases, which can prevent the use of permanent urinary catheters and further improve the patient's quality of life.
Cognitive Stimulation Therapy for older people with Dementia in Africa: A Scoping Review
Authors: Wandera Stephen Ojiambo , Duncan Edward , Diaz Monica Maria , Ayuku David Otundo
Published: June 2023

Background: Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (CST) is a non-pharmacological intervention developed for dementia that is useful in Africa but has not been studied widely. We reviewed the existing evidence regarding CST among older people living with dementia in Africa.

Methods: A systematic literature search on CST among older people with dementia in Africa from 2000-2021 was done in MEDLINE (PubMed), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), and PsycINFO. A narrative approach was taken to chart, synthesize and interpret the data using Microsoft Excel.

Results: After removing duplicates using Endnote, a total of 122 studies were retained and screened first by title, then abstract, and finally by full text. Seven articles matched the inclusion/exclusion criteria. CST has been adapted and piloted in two African countries (Nigeria and Tanzania). CST studies in Africa indicate improvements in clinical outcomes including cognition and quality of life. Although there are some barriers to overcome, CST has significant facilitators in an African context.

Conclusions: CST is feasible, adaptable, and acceptable in the African countries it has been implemented in. Some cultural barriers, such as religious affiliation and respect for older people, should be overcome. Further research is needed to further evaluate the efficacy of CST in various African contexts.
MINERAL NUTRITION OF SPRING WHEAT AT DIFFERENT SEEDING RATES ON GRAY FOREST SOILS OF THE KAMA REGION OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN
Authors: Biktagirova Endje , Serzhanova Al'bina
Published: June 2023

The article summarizes the results of experiments on the study and development of methods for optimizing mineral nutrition for spring wheat on the soils of the Kama region of the Republic of Tatarstan at different seeding rates in order to increase the yield and quality of grain. Field research was carried out in 2022 on the territory of Agrobiotechnopark LLC of Kazan State Agrarian University, located in the Pre-Kama zone of the Republic of Tatarstan. The object of the study was spring wheat of the Yoldyz variety, cultivated in conditions of gray forest soil. For the experiment, a soil of gray forest heavy loam was selected, containing 3.0 (according to Tyurin) units of humus, 176 mg of mobile phosphorus, 109 mg/kg of exchangeable potassium (according to Kirsanov) and 27.3 bases per 100 g of soil in a layer of 0-20 cm. The saturation of the bases was 87.7%, and the pH of the salt extract solution was 5.6. For the experiment, a series of four seeding rates was applied - 4, 5, 6, and 7 million seeds per hectare for each nutrient background. Several plots with different nutrient backgrounds and consistent seeding rates were randomly located. The total area of the plots was 60 m2, and the accounting area was 50 m2. Scheme of the experiment: I background - without fertilizers (control); II background - calculated background for the planned grain yield of 3 tons / ha; III background - calculated background for the planned grain yield of 4 tons/ha. The optimal seeding rate was 5 million/ha for the fertilized variety and 4 million/ha for the natural variety and led to an increase in yield by 1060-1200 kg per hectare compared to the control. With a seeding rate of 6 million/ha on the II and III nutrient background, the gluten content increased by 1.8% compared to the natural background.
The influence of different methods of hysteroscopic metroplasty using a bipolar resectoscope on the restoration of reproductive function in women with a septate uterus
Authors: Yevseyeva O. , Gladchuk I. , Rozhkovskaya N. , Nosenko O.
Published: June 2023

Uterine septum is the most common congenital anomaly of the uterus, accounting for 35% of all diagnosed malformations. Data on the effectiveness of restoring reproductive function in women with a septate uterus after hysteroscopic metroplasty are contradictory, there are no data on the comparison of reproductive results after removal and dissection of the septum using a bipolar hysteroresectoscope. The purpose of the study was to assess the effectiveness of reproductive function recovery after dissection and removal of the uterine septum using a bipolar hysteroresectoscope. Material and methods. 78 patients of group B with uterine septum, reproductive failure, bipolar hysteroscopic metroplasty were under observation. Among the examined patients, 39 suffered from miscarriage and 39 suffered from infertility. 37 women of the BI group underwent hysteroscopic bipolar dissection of the uterine septum; 41 women of the BII group underwent hysteroscopic bipolar resection of the septum. Results and their discussion. Within 2 years after metroplasty, pregnancy occurred in 86.49% of women in the BI group and in 100% of women in the BII group (p>0.05); the specific weight of miscarriages was 9.38% and 0.00%, respectively (p>0.05); childbirth - 58.88% and 70.97% (p>0.05); premature births – 17.65% and 6.45% (p>0.05); term deliveries - 38.24% and 64.52% (p<0.04, SD 0.34 [0.12-0.93]). In women with initial infertility, pregnancy occurred in 61.54% of women in the BI group (n=13) within 2 years after the operation, in 69.23% in the BII group (n=13) (p>0.05); the specific weight of miscarriages was 25.00% and 22.22%, respectively (p>0.05); childbirth - 75.00% and 77.78% (p>0.05); premature births – 12.50% and 11.00% (p>0.05); term deliveries - 62.50% and 66.67% (p>0.05). Analysis of recovery of reproductive function 2 years after surgery in women with initial miscarriage showed that 90.48% of women in the BI group became pregnant, 94.44% in the BII group (p>0.05); the specific weight of miscarriages was 31.58% and 11.76%, respectively (p>0.05); childbirth - 68.42% and 88.24% (p>0.05); premature births – 26.32% and 5.88% (p>0.05); term deliveries - 42.11% and 82.35% (p<0.02, SD 0.16 [0.03-0.73]). Conclusions. The use of the technique of removal of the uterine septum during bipolar hysteroresectoscopy compared to the technique of its dissection in women with a septate uterus and reproductive failure leads to a probable increase in the termination of pregnancy by term delivery both in the general group and in the group of patients with initial miscarriage.
The influence of phytoestrogens on alleviating symptoms associated with menopause
Authors: Kotusiewicz Wiktoria , Siekierko Nikola , Żołnierek Maja , Lewandowski Mateusz , Gacoń Ewa , Zembala Julita , Zapała Brygida , Ząber Aldona , Kucharski Jakub , Świętochowski Jakub
Published: June 2023

Introduction and purpose. Menopause causes complaints such as hot flashes, night sweats, sleep problems and vaginal dryness. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is an effective treatment option for women with moderate to severe symptoms. In women who are unable to undergo HRT, plant-based preparations containing phytoestrogens can be used as an alternative. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the effectiveness of phytoestrogen supplementation.

State of knowledge. Phytoestrogens are natural compounds structurally similar to estrogens, such as estradiol. They are divided into different classes, including isoflavones and lignans. Isoflavones, including genistein, found in soy products, cause a significant reduction in the severity of hot flashes, as well as improvements in vaginal dryness and sexual function. Lignans, found in flaxseed, sesame seeds and whole grains, have effects similar to endogenous estrogens, but studies to date have not shown significant efficacy of this group of substances in reducing menopausal symptoms. Resveratrol, a naturally occurring compound found in grapes and berries, has a weak estrogenic effect, whereby several clinical trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of resveratrol supplementation in alleviating menopausal symptoms.

Conclusions. Phytoestrogens have been shown to alleviate some symptoms of menopause, such as hot flashes and night sweats, and may also have positive effects on bone density and cognitive abilities. Effects may vary depending on the source, dose and duration of treatment. There are also potential risks associated with their use, for which reason more research is needed to fully understand their effectiveness and safety.
Influence of social media on the fight against COVID-19 pandemic – literature review
Authors: Iberszer Konrad , Litwiniuk Maria , Zaniuk Marcin , Hurkała Kamil , Antonik Dominika , Denys Barbara , Góra Karolina , Zdziennicki Wojciech , Zimnicki Patryk , Lato Marta
Published: June 2023

Introduction and purpose of the study: COVID-19 is a respiratory illness resulting from infection with the second coronavirus of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, SARS-CoV-2. Lack of knowledge about the virus and fear of infection made it challenging for the media to communicate clearly and effectively about health risks. The purpose of our work was to discuss and summarize reports on this topic available in the literature in such a way as to increase the chances of effective and safe use of media messages in future emergencies.

Current state of knowledge: During the pandemic, social networks were used to post information about potential health risks. Social media played a large role in the education process, both for schools and for volunteers or health care workers. However, it is important to keep in mind that the way information is spread on social media can be overwhelming for many health care workers. In addition, regular exposure to social media correlated with high odds of anxiety and depression. False reports about COVID - 19 vaccines undermined public confidence in vaccination especially during the period when the vaccines were introduced for distribution.

Summary: Social media was one of the main sources of information after the pandemic outbreak. Thanks to platforms such as Twitter, it was possible to find relevant information from reliable authors. However, the phenomenon of infodemia should not be underestimated. Disinformation and conspiracy theories can have a negative impact on mental health. It is therefore crucial to understand the mechanisms and improve the systems that manage the flow of information.
Determination of Distribution Routes Using the Saving Matrix Method to Minimize Shipping Costs at PT. SUKUN TRANSPORT LOGISTICS
Authors: Febriyanti Dian Erliana , Primadasa Rangga , Bhakti Sutono Sugoro
Published: June 2023

PT. Sukun Transport Logistics is a company engaged in shipping,logistics and also transportation vehicle rental services. Theproblems faced by PT. Sukun Transport Logistics is a lack oftransport vehicle capacity, causing the use of transport vehiclesthat are not suitable and the distribution of sub-routes is notbalanced. Therefore, to overcome these problems, it is necessaryto determine the optimal distribution route using the saving matrixmethod. The saving matrix method is a method to shortenmileage, estimate distribution time and minimize shipping costs atPT. Sukun Transport Logistics. From the results of the routeresearch in this study, it is known that the route proposal with thesaving matrix method opens 2 sub routes from the previous 3 subroutes, the total distance through the saving matrix method andthe closest calculation method is 299 km. While the total distanceof the actual route delivery to the company is 313 km. Thedistance saving of this research with the company's actual routeis 14 km or 4.47%. At the time of saving of 164 minutes or20.97%, and distribution cost savings of Rp. 141,658 or 25.53%.
NASA-TLX Assessment of Mental Workload in Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Hermansyah Muhammad Saddam Akbar , Handayani Naniek Utami
Published: June 2023

Mental workload assessment is essential for the optimal interaction of human system in the manufacturing industry. Manufacturing industry engaged in the construction, maintenance, and fabrication service. Performance of the worker will be lower if the higher workload. In the manufacturing industry are two type of workers that mainly involved in the fabrication process such as operator and welder. In This process was found several defects in the finished good which caused the company to suffer losses. Fatigue due to overtime work for seven days and a high mental workload. The aim of this study was to measure the mental workload in the manufacturing industry. In This study was performed on 10 worker in the operator and welder. Mental workload were assessed using NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) and Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) tools. One operator workers and one of welders belonged to the heavy workload category. Finally, NASA-TLX was significantly higher for operator and welder. High mental workload in the manufacturing industry indicated the defection on mental workload. It is recommended to fixes are evaluating and updating rule work, system work, and existing SOP
Integrated Saving Matrix - Branch And Bound Method to Optimize Sugar Product’s Distribution Route
Authors: Devanda Ryan Rafli , Pulansari Farida
Published: June 2023

The problem in product delivery is always being late and the company has not utilized the capacity of distribution transportation equipment to the fullest. This study aims to determine the shortest distribution route and minimize distribution costs using the Saving Matrix -Branch and Bound methods. In this study, the Saving Matrix method use to produce the shortest route distance, while the Branch and Bound method is applied to optimize a route distance. The results found that the Saving Matrix method followed by the Branch and Bound method reduced routes from the previous seven routes to five routes. Meanwhile, The proposed distribution model shortens the route of 23.6% compared to the current, and cost savings is 23%. To conclude, the model of distribution distance affects the costs savings and optimum route
Mineralizing agents to manage early carious lesions. Part I: mode of action
Authors: Zhang Jing , Mylonas Petros , Banerjee Avijit
Published: June 2023

Dental caries remains a major global health challenge affecting millions of people worldwide, with both major health and financial implications. The minimum intervention oral healthcare (MIOC) delivery framework aims to improve caries management through early diagnosis and the use of remineralization strategies in primary and secondary preventive approaches. The landmark discovery of fluoride in caries remineralization resulted in an increase in research on such non-operative approaches. With an improved understanding of the biochemistry of caries and the demineralization-remineralization balance within dental hard tissues, researchers and clinicians currently seek new therapies to improve the non-operative management of early carious lesions. New remineralization technologies have been introduced in recent years, with varying chemistries, modes of action and degrees of success. This article, the first of a two-part series, explores the chemistry and mode of action of currently available remineralization technologies, outlining their clinical effectiveness and use in dental caries management.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: A scientific understanding of ever-evolving remineralization technologies is necessary for clinicians.
A new subgenus and a new species of Parameira Seidlitz, 1868 (Сoleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae)
Authors: DAVIDIAN GENRIK E. , GÜLTEKİN LEVENT
Published: June 2023

Parameira (Clypeomeira) subgen. nov. and P. (Clypeomeira) balkei sp. nov. are described. Otiorhynchus echinatus Hochhuth, 1847 and O. echinatoides Reitter, 1913 are transferred to Parameira (Clypeomeira) comb. rev. The synonymy, Otiorhynchus echinatoides Reitter, 1913 (= O. virgo Reitter, 1913 syn. rev.), is established. Diagnostic keys to subgenera of Parameira Seidlitz and to species of P. (Clypeomeira) are provided. Colour illustrations of important morphological characters are given.
Pseudococcid mealybug (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) complex of bamboo in Indonesian Sunda Shelf with two new species records
Authors: ZARKANI AGUSTIN , FAUZI ARIFFATCHUR , PRIYATININGSIH  , APRIYANTO DWINARDI , SARTIAMI DEWI , KAYDAN MEHMET BORA
Published: June 2023

In this study, a survey for determining the pseudococcid mealybug (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae) complex of bamboo was conducted in several provinces in Sumatra and Java Island-Indonesia, a part of Indo-Asian regions. The research collected 85 mealybug specimens consisting of five species within 4 genera namely Antonina Signoret (2 species), Chaetococcus Maskell (1 species), Dysmicoccus Ferris (1 species), and Palmicultor Williams (1 species). Antonina pretiosa Ferris and Dysmicoccus zeynepae are newly recorded for the Indonesian Sunda shelf. The identification key of Indonesian bamboo mealybugs and their distribution data are also updated.
Fast adaptation of multi-task meta-learning for optical performance monitoring
Authors: Zhang Yu , Zhou Peng , Liu Yan , Wang Jixiang , Li Chuanqi , Lu Ye
Published: June 2023

An algorithm is proposed for few-shot-learning (FSL) jointing modulation format identification (MFI) and optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) estimation. The constellation diagrams of six widely-used modulation formats over a wide range of OSNR (10-40 dB) are obtained by a dual-polarization (DP) coherent detection system at 32 GBaud. We introduce auxiliary task to model-agnostic meta-learning (MAML) which makes the gradient of meta tasks decline faster in the direction of optimal target. Ablation experiments including multi-task model-agnostic meta-learning (MT-MAML), single-task model-agnostic meta-learning (ST-MAML) and adaptive multi-task learning (AMTL) are executed to train a data set with only 20 examples for each class. First, we discuss the impact from the number of shots and gradient descent steps for support set on the meta-learning based schemes to determine the best hyper parameters and conclude that the proposed method better captures the similarity between new and previous knowledge at 4 shot and 1 step. Withdrawn fine-tuning, the model achieves the lowest error ∼0.37 dB initially. Then, we simulate two other schemes (AMTL and ST-MAML), and the numerical results shows that mean square error (MSE) are ∼0.6 dB, ∼0.3 dB and ∼0.18 dB, respectively, proposed method has faster adaption to main task. For low order modulation formats, the proposed method almost reduces the error to 0. Meanwhile, we reveal the degree of deviation between the prediction and target and find that the deviation is mainly concentrated in the high OSNR range of 25-40 dB. Specifically, we investigate the variation curve of adaptive weights during pretraining and conclude that after 30 epoch, the model's attention was almost entirely focused on estimating OSNR. In addition, we study the generalization ability of the model by varying the transmission distance. Importantly, excellent generalization is also experimentally verified. In this paper, the method proposed will greatly reduce the cost for repetitively collecting data and the training resources required for fine-tuning models when OPM devices need to be deployed at massive nodes in dynamic optical networks.
Phase control scheme of the coherent beam combining system for generating perfect vectorial vortex beams assisted by a Dammann vortex grating
Authors: Ju Pei , Fan Wenhui , Gao Wei , Li Zhe , Gao Qi , Jiang Xiaoqiang , Zhang Tongyi
Published: June 2023

Based on Dammann vortex grating and adaptive gain stochastic parallel gradient descent algorithm, we theoretically proposed a phase control technology scheme of the coherent beam combining system for generating perfect vectorial vortex beams (VVBs). The simulated results demonstrate that the discrete phase locking for different types of VVBs (including vortex beams, vector beams, and generalized VVBs) can be successfully realized. The intensity distributions, polarization orientation, Pancharatnam phases, and beam widths of different |Hm,n〉 states with the obtained discrete phase distribution further prove that the generated beams are perfect VVBs. Subsequently, the phase aberration residual for different VVBs is evaluated using the normalized phase cosine distance function, and their values range from 0.01 to 0.08, which indicates the obtained discrete phase distribution is close to the ideal phase distribution. In addition, benefitting from the high bandwidth of involved devices in the proposed scheme, the influence of dynamic phase noise can be negligible. The proposed method could be beneficial to realize and switch flexible perfect VVBs in further applications.
Multi-transversal mode pumping of narrow-bandwidth backward wave optical parametric oscillator
Authors: Mølster Kjell Martin , Negri Jacopo Rubens , Zukauskas Andrius , Lee Cherrie S. J. , Laurell Fredrik , Pasiskevicius Valdas
Published: June 2023

A stable, narrow-bandwidth (274 MHz) backward wave optical parametric oscillator (BWOPO) generating mJ-level backward signal at 1885nm and forward idler at 2495 nm is presented. The BWOPO was pumped by a single-longitudinal mode, Q-switched Nd:YAG high-energy laser at 1064 nm. We show that multi-transversal mode pumping leads to the spectral broadening of the BWOPO backward signal and the generation of nanosecond pulses 2.7 times above the Fourier transform limit. We demonstrate over 100 GHz continuous tuning of the parametric output by adjusting the temperature of the BWOPO crystal, showcasing the significant role of thermal expansion in tuning performance. The BWOPO signal was used as a seed for a single-stage PPRKTP optical parametric amplifier (OPA) to boost the narrowband signal and idler energies to 20 mJ. This combination of mJ-level BWOPO seed with a single-stage PPRKTP OPA comprises a simple concept that would benefit long-range differential absorption lidar (DIAL) in the near and mid-infrared regions.
Combining sensitivity and robustness: EIT-like characteristic in a 2D topological photonic crystal
Authors: Zhang Zhenbin , Ruan Banxian , Liu Chao , Li Ming , Gao Enduo , Chang Xia , Huang Shengxiang , Li Hongjian
Published: June 2023

The study of topological photonics has gained significant attention due to its potential application for robust and efficient light manipulation. In this work, we theoretically investigate a two-dimensional photonics crystal that exhibits a topological edge state (TES) and a topological corner state (TCS). Furthermore, we also achieve a coupling between a topological corner state and a trivial cavity (TC), resulting in a phenomenon similar to the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect. To verify the stability of the EIT-like effect, disorders around TES and TCS are introduced, and the theoretical results show that this structure is immune to the disorders. The achievement of the coupling between topological states can have potential applications in the areas of waveguiding, sensing, and logic gates. It is hoped that this work will contribute to the ongoing efforts in the exploration and utilization of topological photonics.
Dual-ring parity-time symmetric Brillouin fiber laser with an unbalanced polarization Mach-Zehnder interferometer
Authors: Liu Yi , Jiang Kai , Liu Sha , Fang Xinyue , Wang Linyi , You Yajun , He Wenjun , Chou Xiujian
Published: June 2023

A dual-ring parity-time (PT) symmetric Brillouin fiber laser (BFL) with an unbalanced polarization Mach-Zehnder interferometer (UP-MZI) is proposed and experimentally investigated. An UP-MZI consisting of optical coupler, polarization beam combiner (PBC) and two asymmetric length arms with 10 km and 100 m single-mode fiber, is used to achieve Vernier effect and PT symmetry. Due to the orthogonally polarized lights created in the PBC, the dual-ring PT symmetry BFL with an UP-MZI implements two unbalanced length feedback rings that are connected to one another, one long length ring with a Brillouin gain and the other short length ring with a loss of the same magnitude, to break a PT symmetric and maintain the Vernier effect. By contrast with existing PT symmetry BFL studies, this design does not require same lengths of the gain and loss loops, but can manipulate freely PT symmetry status in accordance with a rational scaling factor between them. Experimental results reveal that the 3-dB linewidth of dual-ring PT symmetry BFL with an UP-MZI is about 4.85 Hz with the threshold input power of 9.5 mW, in accordance with the 97 Hz measured linewidth at the -20 dB power point. Within 60 mins of the stability experiment, the power and frequency stability fluctuation are ±0.02 dB and ±0.137 kHz, respectively. Thanks to the two asymmetric ring lengths, the sidemode suppression ratio (SMSR) is optimized by 54 dB compared to that with the only long ring structure, 26 dB when using only the Vernier effect or 12 dB for existing PT symmetry BFL. This BFL design with single longitudinal mode and high SMSR output can be applied to high coherent communication and Brillouin-based microwave photonics systems with low phase noise.
Expression of JCAD and EGFR in Perineurial Cell–Cell Junctions of Human Inferior Alveolar Nerve
Authors: Hiraoka Yujiro , Matsumura Megumi , Kakei Yasumasa , Takeda Daisuke , Shigeoka Manabu , Kimoto Akira , Hasegawa Takumi , Akashi Masaya
Published: June 2023

Although perineurium has an important role in maintenance of the blood–nerve barrier, understanding of perineurial cell–cell junctions is insufficient. The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of junctional cadherin 5 associated (JCAD) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in the perineurium of the human inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) and investigate their roles in perineurial cell–cell junctions using cultured human perineurial cells (HPNCs). In human IAN, JCAD was strongly expressed in endoneurial microvessels. JCAD and EGFR were expressed at various intensities in the perineurium. In HPNCs, JCAD was clearly expressed at cell–cell junctions. EGFR inhibitor AG1478 treatment changed cell morphology and the ratio of JCAD-positive cell–cell contacts of HPNCs. Therefore, JCAD and EGFR may have a role in the regulation of perineurial cell–cell junctions.
Ring neurons in the Drosophila central complex act as a rheostat for sensory modulation of aging
Authors: Gendron Christi M. , Chakraborty Tuhin S. , Duran Cathryn , Dono Thomas , Pletcher Scott D.
Published: June 2023

Sensory perception modulates aging, yet we know little about how. An understanding of the neuronal mechanisms through which animals orchestrate biological responses to relevant sensory inputs would provide insight into the control systems that may be important for modulating lifespan. Here, we provide new awareness into how the perception of dead conspecifics, or death perception, which elicits behavioral and physiological effects in many different species, affects lifespan in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. Previous work demonstrated that cohousing Drosophila with dead conspecifics decreases fat stores, reduces starvation resistance, and accelerates aging in a manner that requires both sight and the serotonin receptor 5-HT2A. In this manuscript, we demonstrate that a discrete, 5-HT2A-expressing neural population in the ellipsoid body (EB) of the Drosophila central complex, identified as R2/R4 neurons, acts as a rheostat and plays an important role in transducing sensory information about the presence of dead individuals to modulate lifespan. Expression of the insulin-responsive transcription factor foxo in R2/R4 neurons and insulin-like peptides dilp3 and dilp5, but not dilp2, are required, with the latter likely altered in median neurosecretory cells (MNCs) after R2/R4 neuronal activation. These data generate new insights into the neural underpinnings of how perceptive events may impact aging and physiology across taxa.