bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reconstruction of Distal Phalangeal Injuries with Homodigital Island Flap: a Case Report
Authors: Atmodiwirjo Parintosa , Laidding Sachraswaty
Published: January 2019

Background: Reconstruction of distal phalangeal defects with exposure of bone, tendon, or joint can be a difficult reconstructive problem, particularly since immediate coverage is of paramount importance for preserving function. The objectives of distal phalangeal defect or fingertip reconstruction included preservation of functional length and sensibility, prevention of symptomatic neuromas, acceptable donor site morbidity, the absence of cold intolerance, mineralization of aesthetic deformity, and quick return to occupational activities.Patients and Method: A review of one case, 26 years old male with phalangeal defect at tip to radial site of 3th finger of right hand, with tendon and bone exposed. After adequate debridement, shape and size of the defect are measured, the flap designed at the ulnar site of the same finger and the vascular of the flap is marked to palmar arch. Lazy “S” incision performed, donor flap is elevated with pedicle and transferred to the recipient site. Donor site was covered up with skin graft. Result: After follow up the homo digital island flap was healed nicely and the skin graft take was 100%, length is less diminish, sensibility conformed with two-point description, joint flexibility is good.Summary: Homodigital island flap is a useful safe option for fingertip or distal phalangeal reconstruction because it offers multiple advantages in comparison with advancement, regional, and free flaps, with an almost negligible donor site defect and can be done in a 1-stage procedure.
Maxillary Growth and Speech Outcome in Patient with Cleft Lip and Palate after Two-Stage Palate Repair: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mulyadi Mulyadi , Kreshanti Prasetyanugraheni , Handayani Siti , Bangun Kristaninta
Published: January 2019

Background: The management of patients with cleft lip and palate is complex, where the treatment outcome is judged on the balance between aesthetics, speech, and maxillary growth. Up to now, there is no generally accepted treatment protocol. Every center must find the best-suited protocol treatment for their population. Methods: A systematic review through literature search was conducted for English-language studies in PubMed. This search was conducted in September 2011 using EndNote X3 with keywords: Two-stage Palate Repair and Maxillary Growth and Two-stage Palate Repair and Speech Outcome. Both retrospective and prospective studies on maxillary growth and speech outcome in patient with cleft lip and palate after two-stage palate repair published from 2001 to 2012 were included. Result: From the reviewed of 37 articles, only 14 articles fit the inclusions criteria, three articles discussed the outcome of maxillary growth and speech outcome, eight articles only discussed the maxillary growth and the rest of articles only discussed the speech outcome. Conclusion:From this review we found that most of the two-stage palate repair results in better maxillary growth, but only few of them results in good speech outcome. We will perform further study based on this review to discover a new protocol for the management of palate repair in our center.
Fetal Bovine Serum Substitute: Implication for Their Use in Translating Adipose-Derived Stem Cells from Bench to Bedside (Review)
Authors: Josh Fonny , Mizuno Hiroshi
Published: January 2019

Recently, cell based therapy become a popular topic in research fields. This therapy offers great potential to treat many diseases. Adipose-derived stem cell (ASCs) is known to have the special characteristic due to its abundant availability and easily harvesting. Then it rapidly advanced into clinical trials for treatment of a broad range of medical conditions. Before translating ASCs from bench to bedside, this process is facing other problems through fetal bovine serum (FBS) elimination. Animal-derived serum is not a suitable option for ASCs expansion regarding the possibility of viral or bacterial infection and immune reaction. By replacing FBS with other non-animal serum which gives the same effect as FBS, may significantly enhances the safety and quality of ASCs. Pooled human AB serum (AB-HS), human serum (HS), pooled human plasma lysate (PL), umbilical cord serum (UCS)/placental serum (PS), thrombinactivated platelet rich plasma (tPRP) or serum free (SF)/xeno-free (XF) have been considered as FBS alternatives and some already applied in clinical trials with human cells. This article focuses on a prospective alternatives serum through the elimination of FBS.
Early Excision And Skin Allograft Helps To Control Infection In Major Burn At Burn Unit Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital
Authors: Natasha Ratna Rayeni , Wardhana Aditya
Published: January 2019

Backgrounds: Burns are systemic complex injuries following an exposure to thermal energy and can cause damage to the skin. Skin, as body cover, will protect the underlying tissue from infection, act as a thermo regulator and control the evaporations. The principle of burn therapy is to remove the necrotic tissue and to replace the function of the skin in the body by using a temporary cover with synthetic dressings or skin allograft. Skin allograft remains an ideal temporary cover, particularly when sufficient autograft skin is not available.Patients and Methods: We performed early excision and cover the wound with cadaver skin allograft in two patients suffered from major burn admitted to Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital in 2012. We observed the wound clinically and monitored the leukocytes count to evaluate the rate of infection.Results: We observed four patients with major burn. Two patients treated with early excision and skin allograft has decreasing in exudates production, less bad odor in wound area, body temperature stable in normal value and also the decreasing leukocytes counts gradually. The results of wound area and body temperature in two patients treated conventionally are not much different from the initial wound and have high leukocytes count more than 10.000 in the majority of laboratory findings. The skin allograft can control the infection by suppressing the bacterial proliferation, promote epithelialization and prepare the wound better.Summary: Patient in this study treated with early excision and skin allograft has better outcome compared to patients treated conservatively.
Epidemiology of Burn Injuries in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from 2009 to 2010
Authors: Pujisriyani Pujisriyani , Wardhana Aditya
Published: January 2019

Background: Burns are one of the most devastating conditions encountered in medical world. It affects people of all ages, from the very young to the elderly, and represents an assault on all aspects of the patient, from the physical to the psychological.Method: The collection and analysis of burn patients admitted to Cipto Mangunkusumo Burn Centre between January 2009 and December 2010 were studied retrospectively in terms of admissions, age, sex, extent of burn, causes of burns, referral, length of hospital stay (LOS) and mortality. Result: A total of 303 burn patients were admitted with the male to female ratio is 2.26 : 1 and the mean age of admission is 25.7 years (15-54 yr). Most of the patient presented with 20-50% extent of burn (mean 45.87%). The most common cause of burn injury is LPG at 30.4 % followed by flame at 25.7% and by scald at 19.1%. The overall mean LOS and mortality are 13.72 days and 34%. Conclusion : LPG is the major cause of burn and the mortality are 42.4%. Because of level of the mortality, the prevention and management of LPG and the safety of the product of LPG should be given in terms of government regulations.
Key Dynamic Parameters that Influence Ride Quality of Passenger Transportation Systems
Authors: Ehrl Thomas , Smith Rory , Kaczmarczyk Stefan
Published: January 2019

Ride quality of a Passenger Transportation System (PTS) is a measure of the comfort level experienced by passengers and is intimately associated with their subjective perception and sensitivity to motion and sound. This measure is affected by the noise and vibration of an operating system. On the other hand, ride quality is the measure of the PTS product quality. Ride quality of passenger transportation systems is critical for a PTS manufacturer to determine the subjective and objective quality of the system. This is especially important in high rise (high end) systems. The paper investigates the dynamic interactions that might occur between the PTS system components and their influence on ride quality.
Selling Lifts in the Late 19th and Early 20th Century
Authors: Gray Lee E.
Published: January 2019

Among the most interesting artifacts associated with the history of lifts are manufacturers’ catalogs. The audiences for these documents included architects, building owners, engineers, and other lift manufacturers. Catalogs typically included detailed descriptions of lift types and individual components, which were accompanied by illustrations and accounts of specific installations. The catalogs also often described normative use patterns, which allows a unique glimpse into the world of late 19th and early 20th Century lift operation. Finally, the advertising language used to describe the mechanical virtues of a manufacturer’s lift systems is similar to contemporary catalogs: lifts were described as safe, efficient, and economical. The catalogs examined for this paper include those published by Brady & Thornborough, R. Waygood & Company, Archibald Smith & Stevens, and William Wadsworth & Sons, Ltd.
Development of Tools to Calculate the Vibroacoustic Performance of Electrical Machines in Lift Installations
Authors: Arrasate Xabier , McCloskey Alex , Hernández Xabier , Telleria Ander
Published: January 2019

Improper operation of the traction machine of a lift installation causes energy waste, vibrations and noise. The design of the machine must be optimum if energy efficiency and comfort specifications have to be satisfied. The vibrations and noise frequency spectra of electrical machines present manifest peaks at certain frequencies, multiples of the fundamental electrical frequency, that depend on the machine topology and its rotation velocity. Changes in its topology or in its mechanical properties (geometry, size, materials…) must be done in order to reduce the magnitude of peaks at certain excitation frequencies or to locate the excitation frequencies far from the natural frequencies of the structure or the lift installation. Machine designers need tools to calculate their vibroacoustic response once a certain design has been proposed, so they can modify it before a prototype is built in case the response is not acceptable. Numerical and analytical models to calculate the vibroacoustic response of electrical machines have been developed and experimentally validated. In this paper, the authors summarise the state of the art in modelling the vibroacoustic performance of electrical machines, provide some guidelines regarding the values to be assigned to the machine componets, and show some of the results obtained in their research work.
Zum Innenraumdiskurs in Robert Musils Roman Der Mann ohne Eigenschaften Transkulturelle Perspektiven im Blick auf Japan
Authors: Pekar Thomas
Published: January 2019

Thomas Pekar untersucht in seinem Beitrag Innenraum- bzw. Wohnungsdarstellungen in Robert Musils Roman »Der Mann ohne EIgenschaften« im Zusammenhang mit dem zeitgenössischen Innenraum-Diskurs um 1900. Die moderne Architektur und Inneneinrichtung forderte einfache und exakte Formen (wie im Bauhausstil) und problematisierte traditionelle Wohnformen. Diese Modernisierungen geschahen, wie in dem Beitrag exkursartig herausgearbeitet wird, wesentlich durch die Rezeption der tradtionellen japanischen Innenräume, die man vor allem als »leer« empfand. An dem modernen Innenraumdiskurs knüpft Musil einerseits an, insofern er auf die Antiquiertheit von etwa feudalen oder bürgerlichen Wohnformen verweist; andererseits geht er aber auch auf Distanz zu einem beispielsweise von Le Corbusier geforderten Wohnfunktionalismus. Musil gibt keine eindeutige Antwort auf die Frage nach dem »richtigen« Wohnen in der Moderne, anerkennt aber ihre Relevanz, da er sie mit der Frage nach dem »richtigen« Leben verkoppelt.
Unverbindliches Wohnen in der japanischen Gegenwartsliteratur Yoshimoto Bananas Kitchin und Murata Sayakas Konbini ningen
Authors: Duppel-Takayama Mechthild
Published: January 2019

Mechthild Duppel-Takayama untersucht in ihrem Beitrag zwei Werke der japanischen Gegenwartsliteratur - »Kitchen« (1988) von Yoshimoto Banana und »Die Ladenhüterin« (2016) von Murata Sayaka - im Zusammenhang mit der sozialökonomischen Situation ihrer Entstehungszeit. Der Einbezug von Überlegungen Watsuji Tetsuros zum »japanischen Haus« mit klarer Innen/Außen-Trennung verdeutlicht die Auswirkung gesellschaftlicher Entwicklungen auf das traditionelle Wohnkonzept: In »Kitchen« forcieren beliebig gewordene soziale Beziehungen die Abkehr von dem bei Watsuji vorausgesetzten familiengebundenen Wohnen hin zu einer distanzierteren, aber Schutz nach außen bietenden alternativen Gemeinschaft. Wachsende Vereinzelung und die Unfähigkeit zu sozialer Interaktion, wie sie in »Die Ladenhüterin« gezeigt werden, resultiert dort in einer Umkehrung: Der Arbeitsplatz übernimmt die Funktion des geschützten (Wohn-)Raums, symptomatisch für die Fragwürdigkeit gegenwärtiger Wohn- und Lebensformen.
Der Körper im Kampf
Authors: Esselborn Hans
Published: January 2019

Hans Esselborn unterucht die Kriegstexte der beiden repräsentativen Schriftsteller des rechtsradikalen, sich als revolutionär verstehenden Nationalismus der Weimarer Republik. Der Beitrag soll einen wenig beachteten, aber doch zentralen Aspekt hervorheben, der beim Krieg, speziell dem Frontkampf, als ,Bildungsfaktor' zu beachten ist. Es geht dabei primär um Disziplinierung und Konditionierung des Körpers, nicht um soziale, emotionale und geistige Bildung im Sinne des klassischen Bildungsromans. Zu lesen sind die Texte als Vorgeschichte und Vorwegnahme der Diktatur des Dritten Reiches. Im Kampf zielt die Modellierung oder Abrichtung des Körpers primär auf den einzelnen isolierten Kämpfer und dann auf die Primärgruppe der durchgängig hochgeschätzten Kameradschaft. Übertragen wird die Manipulation des individuellen Kriegers auf das Heer und schließlich im politischen Kontext dann auf die Nation, die in langer Tradition als mystischer sozialer Körper aufgefasst wird.
Komplexe Freiheit
Authors: Willke Helmut
Published: January 2019

Was kann Freiheit heute heißen? Ein soziologischer Blick auf Freiheit kann diese Frage nur vor dem Hintergrund der beiden fundamentalen Transformationen erörtern, denen sich gegenwärtige Gesellschaften ausgesetzt sehen: die Prozesse der Globalisierung und der Digitalisierung. Neue Begrenzungen von Freiheit durch Globalisierung und neue Entgrenzungen von Freiheit durch Digitalisierung setzen ambivalente und paradoxe Dynamiken in Gang, die zugleich eine Gefährdung der Demokratie darstellen. Nur eine Demokratie jedoch, die auch institutionell lernfähig ist und diese Lernfähigkeit zur Resilienz ausbaut, hat Chancen, politische Freiheit und damit auch die Freiheit des Individuums zu bewahren. Nicht weniger als die Zukunft der Freiheit hängt davon ab, dass eine Konzeption von Freiheit entwickelt wird, welche die gesellschaftlichen Umbrüche des 21. Jahrhunderts reflektiert und daraus die Aufforderung zum Widerstand gegen neue Tendenzen der Negation von Freiheit folgert.
Kapitel 2. Schlüsselfiguren, Innovationen und Mechanismen des Wandels
Authors: Hauerwaas Antoniya , Weisenfeld Ursula , Zastrow Leonie , Wüst Sebastian , Eising Leonie
Published: January 2019

In diesem Kapitel widmen wir uns der Identifikation und Darstellung zentraler Akteure des Wandels in Hannover, der Nachhaltigkeitsinnovationen, die von ihnen hervorgebracht werden, sowie den formellen und informellen institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen, welche als (fördernde oder hindernde) Mechanismen eines Wandels für nachhaltige Stadtentwicklung erfasst wurden. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf Akteuren aus städtischen sozialen Gruppen, Initiativen und Bewegungen wie auch auf Akteuren der Stadtverwaltung, Politik sowie auf Einzelpersonen in der Stadt. All diese Akteure stellen Change Agents dar, die sich mit ihren Ideen, Maßnahmen, Prozessen und Aktionen durch innovative, kreative und alternative Ansätze für Nachhaltigkeit in der Stadt auszeichnen. Wir untersuchen diese zentralen städtischen Akteure, welche als »players of the game« (North 1990) in Institutionen als »rules of the game« (ebd.) eingebettet sind. Dort wirken verschiedene Mechanismen in der Stadt, die Systeminnovationen und sogenannte Transitions für mehr Nachhaltigkeit befördern oder verhindern können und Schwerpunkt der Analyse bilden. Um diese vier Forschungsobjekte (Akteure, Institutionen, Innovationen und Mechanismen) in Details zu untersuchen, wurden mehrere theoretische Konstrukte sowie in Hannover empirisch erhobene Daten eingesetzt und in einem Mix-method-Ansatz aus qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse, quantitativer (pencil- und online-basierender) Befragung und Aktionsforschung ausgewertet.
Europas Identität und die Türkei
Authors: Sarisakaloglu Aynur
Published: January 2019

Die Bestimmung des ›Europäisch-Seins‹ erfolgt im Verhältnis zum ›Nichteuropäischen‹ durch die Differenz zwischen ›Wir‹ und den ›Anderen‹. Dass sich Europa gegen die Türkei als das ›Andere‹ Europas abgrenzt, ist insbesondere in der Mediendebatte zum möglichen Beitritt der Türkei zur Europäischen Union ersichtlich: Gehört die Türkei zu Europa? Was ist Europa? Kann ein islamisch geprägtes Land einer auf christlicher Kultur basierenden Einheit beitreten? Anhand einer länderübergreifenden, qualitativen und quantitativen Framing-Analyse untersucht Aynur Sarisakaloglu gesellschaftspolitische Pressediskurse, in denen europäische Identitätskonzeptionen und somit eine Selbstidentifikation Europas thematisiert werden.
Sporthelden
Authors: Bette Karl-Heinrich
Published: January 2019

Gegenwartsdiagnosen zufolge sind wir Zeugen des Übergangs zu einer postheroischen Gesellschaft: Hat die Gesellschaft das Interesse an Helden wirklich komplett verloren? Karl-Heinrich Bette zeigt, dass das zentrale Heldenreservat der Moderne in diesen Beschreibungen vergessen und unterschlagen wird: der Spitzensport mit seiner Dauerproduktion von Siegen und Niederlagen, von spektakulären Rekorden und nervenzehrender Spannung. Wettkämpfe erscheinen in einer alternativen Deutung als künstlich und seriell hergestellte Krisen- und Notsituationen, die Personen und Gruppen in die Lage versetzen, sich in postheroischen Zeiten vor einem Massenpublikum als Helden darzustellen.
Umstrittene Regierungsführung in Afghanistan
Authors: Dadfar Spanta Frangis
Published: January 2019

Seit 40 Jahren herrscht in Afghanistan Krieg. Bisher war die Frage der Machtverteilung, also die Definition der Hoheitsgebiete der einzelnen Elitefraktionen, nicht klar zu erkennen. Frangis Dadfar Spanta untersucht die unterschiedlichen Konfliktdynamiken, um dann Lösungsschritte für einen Friedenbildungsprozess vorzuschlagen. Anhand der unterschiedlichen Eliten aus Politik, Kultur, Wirtschaft, Medien, Bildung und Religion zeichnet sie die Patronage-Klientel-Netzwerke nach. Eine Besonderheit der Studie bilden Interviews mit Ashraf Ghani, Hamid Karzai, Abdullah Abdullah, Atta Noor sowie mit zwei Taliban-Repräsentanten. Die Untersuchung ist aufgrund ihrer theoretischen und methodischen Herangehensweise sowohl für Politik- und Sozialwissenschaftler_innen als auch für Anthropolog_innen lesenswert.
Influence of prolactin on immunity during stress
Authors: Popova E. , Tinkov A. , Nikonorov  A. , Popova Y. , Karaulov A.
Published: January 2019

Prolactin is mainly secreted from the lactotroph cells in the anterior pituitary, whose production is controlled by dopamine. Prolactin can be also produced in extrapituitary tissues, such as the mammary glands, placenta, uterus, prostate, brain where it may act as an autocrine or paracrine factor. Prolactin has some isoforms with different molecular weight, locations and biological functions. While is not an obligate lymphopoietic hormone, prolactin can has effects on the immune system. Nevertheless, hematopoietic cells in murine bone marrow and thymus express the prolactin receptors, but the precise frequency is unknown. The prolactin receptors can be also expressed on cells that mediate natural immunity, including NK cells and macrophages. In conditions in which glucocorticoid levels are elevated, prolactin may reduce the immunosuppressive effects of glucocorticoids, thus providing a mechanism that leads to a homeostatic normalization of cellular functions.
Innate immunity of pregnant women with a history of chronical endometritis
Authors: Dolgushin I. , Kurnosenko I. , Spiridonova К. , Dolgushina V. , Nikushkina K.
Published: January 2019

This was a prospective study in a group of 130 pregnant women. The main group (group I) included 100 pregnant women with a history of chronical endometritis, the control group (group II) – 30 women of physiological pregnancy and with no history of obstetrical and gynecological disorders. Pregnant women of group I were divided into two subgroups. The subgroup IA includes 75 patiens which pregnancy ended in time and the condition of newborns was fine. The subgroup IB was included 30 patiens which pregnancy ended are unsuccessful (premature birth, neonatal infection, perinatal death). As a result of research was noted activation mechanisms of congenital immunity of women with a history of chronical endometritis and which pregnancy ended are unsuccessful. An increase of the pro-inflammatory potential of blood serum and cervical slime at pregnant women with a history of chronical endometritis may be linked with a chronic intrauterine infection and can be used in the prognosis of adverse perinatal outcomes.
Features of hpv infection HIV-infected pregnant women
Authors: Baranovskaya E. , Kustova M. , Javoronok S.
Published: January 2019

Research purpose – to identify the immunological and virological features of co infection caused by HPV, and HIV in pregnant women. Material and methods. The study included 113 pregnant women: 61 HIV-infected pregnant women (study group) and 52 HIV-negative pregnant women without cervical and external genitalia pathology (the comparison group). Used methods: cytological, histological, colposcopic, molecular genetics and statistical. Results. Genital papillomatosis was diagnosed in 24.6% of HIV-infected pregnant women, including one woman combination of papillomatosis and CIN. HPV in the genital tract found in 64% of HIV-infected pregnant women and 40% in the control group, in both groups, 95% have a high carcinogenic risk HPV (WRC), the viral load (VL) of HPV have no different. The presence of HPV WRC in HIV-infected women is associated with a viral load of HIV, more than 500 copies/ml (p <0,001) and a low level of CD4-cells in the blood (p = 0.049). Ascending HV HIV in the blood up to 15770 copies/mL at term birth increases the risk of HPV infection (Se = 75,0; Sp = 93,3), HV HIV in the blood is directly related to HPV in the genital tract BH (rs = 0,89) and HPV BH directly correlates with the number of HPV genotypes (p = 0,01). The use of anti-retroviral drugs (ARV drugs) during pregnancy reduces the chances of HPV infection. Conclusion. HPV-associated pathology in HIV-positive pregnant women with HIV depends on BH, BH HPV, carcinogenic risk HPV genotypes, the use of antiretroviral drugs.
From the Sunni Hanafi Madhhab to Salafism: Public Opinion and Migrant Experience
Authors: Lisitsyn Pavel P.
Published: January 2019

The author examines social prerequisites of labor migrant involvement in the activities of organizations adhering to radical beliefs.  The paper is based on a study carried out by a team of researchers form St Petersburg State University of Economics and St Petersburg University in two countries being the key donors of labor force for Russia, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. The author identifies the social prerequisites for ideological radicalization of transnational migrants (i.e. favorable conditions to become an ideological radical) and analyzes public opinion concerning the radical groups in these countries. As an example the author uses the collected materials exploring the background of two conversions to radical groups. Taking into account the countries’ specifics, the paper considers the Salafi movement (banned in both countries) as a radical group. Thus, the author illustrates examples of conversion to Salafism from the more popular Hanafi Madhhab School of Sunni Islam, describes the social conditions of the conversion and the attitudes of the local residents towards this movement.
Acknowledgment. The article was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project no. 17-78-20107.
Inclusion of young people in the work: mental barriers and ways to overcome them
Authors: Ustinova Ksenia A. , Popov Andrey V.
Published: January 2019

The study is devoted to identifying barriers to the inclusion of young professionals in the work. The work is based on the data of focus group discussions with young professionals held by the staff of the Russian Academy of Sciences In September-October 2017.the features of young professionals that make it difficult to find employment and work, the channels used to find work from the standpoint of the trust of the population and their effectiveness. It is shown that the barriers to the inclusion of young people in the labor activity may be associated with a stereotypical view of young professionals, which affects not only the attitude to this group of the population as a whole, but also the perception of opportunities for their employment, career growth and career advancement. It is emphasized that one of the important problems that prevent the inclusion of young people in the labor market is the mismatch between the educational system and the labor market.

Acknowledgements. The Publication was prepared within the framework of the RPF-supported scientific project № 16-18-00078 «Mechanisms of overcoming the mental obstacles to inclusion of socially vulnerable categories of population for activation of modernization processes in regional community».
Anthropology and sociology of shame: reflections on books by N. Elias, H.-P. Duerr and R.E. Gergilov
Authors: Markov Boris V.
Published: January 2019

The article analyzes the conclusions and provisions in a monograph written by the St Petersburg philosopher and sociologist R.E. Gergilov in 2016 and devoted to the problem of transformation of shame in the process of civilization. The paper reveals the continuity of Gergilov's concept in relation to the works of N. Elias and his opponent H.-P. Duerr which constitute the dichotomy of the traditional shame cultures and the duty-based moral practices in modernity. The author shows that historical anthropology and sociology represent different theories of multiple forms of modernity (multiple modernities), and this implies a different perusal of the heritage of the listed authors and different interpretations of the correlation between “shame societies” and a “civilized society”. The author concludes that the work of R.E. Gergilov is a productive response to the problems that arose from the controversy between Duerr and Elias and will be useful to sociologists who are engaged in assessing the level of bashfulness in modern society.
Knowledge and attitudes of nursing students concerning HPV vaccination
Hemşirelik bölümü öğrencilerinin HPV aşısına yönelik bilgi ve tutumları
Authors: Cangöl Eda , Sögüt Seda , Kahyaoğlu Süt Hatice , Küçükkaya Burcu
Published: January 2019

Aim: The present study aims to investigate the knowledge and attitudes of the nursing students concerning Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. Method: This cross-sectional study was carried out over 810 undergraduate students studying in the departments of nursing at Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University (n=404) and Trakya University (n=406) between November 2017 and March 2018.  The data were collected with an information form developed by the researchers based on the available literature. They were analyzed with descriptive statistics and Chi-square test by using SPSS 21.0, a statistical software program.Findings: The results concerning the knowledge of the nursing students on HPV vaccine showed that 65.8% heard of HPV vaccine, 51.6% had no prior knowledge on HPV vaccine, 93.7% wished to be informed about HPV vaccine, 40.4% thought that HPV vaccine should be administered to any person with an active sexual life, 68.6% and 73.1% thought that HPV vaccine was effective in the prevention of genital warts and cervical cancer, respectively. The results on the participants’ attitudes towards HPV vaccine revealed that 96.5% of the participants did not receive HPV vaccine while 60.1% wished to receive it.Conclusion: Most of the nursing students had no knowledge of HPV vaccine and very few received it. Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetAmaç: Bu çalışmada, hemşirelik bölümü öğrencilerinin HPV aşısına yönelik bilgi ve tutumlarını incelemek amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki bu çalışma, Kasım 2017-Mart 2018 tarihleri arasında Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart (n=404) ve Trakya (n=406) Üniversitesi hemşirelik bölümünde eğitim alan n=810 öğrenci ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırma verileri araştırmacılar tarafından literatür incelenerek hazırlanan bir bilgi formu ile toplanmıştır. Veriler tanımlayıcı istatistik ve Ki-kare testi yöntemleri ile SPSS 21.0 istatistiksel paket programı kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir.Bulgular: Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin HPV aşısı ile ilgili bilgi durumlarına bakıldığında; %65.8’inin HPV aşısını duyduğu, %51.6’sının HPV aşısı hakkında daha önce bilgi almadığı, %93.7’sinin HPV aşısı hakkında bilgi almak istediği, %40.4’ü HPV aşısının cinsel aktif olan herkese yapılması gerektiğini düşündüğü, %68.6’sının HPV aşısının genital siğilleri ve %73.1’inin serviks kanserini önlemede etkili olduğunu düşündüğü belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin HPV aşısı ile ilgili tutumları incelendiğinde; %96.5’inin HPV aşısını yaptırmadığı, %60.1’inin HPV aşısı yaptırmak istediği saptanmıştır.Sonuç: Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin çoğunluğu HPV aşısı hakkında bilgi almamış olup çok az sayıda öğrenci HPV aşısını yaptırmıştır.
Hubungan asupan zat gizi dan aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi dan kadar hemoglobin pada pekerja perempuan
Authors: Setyandari Renny , Margawati Ani
Published: January 2019

Latar belakang:Tenaga kerja perempuan sangat rentan mengalami masalah gizi. Keadaan khas yang mendorong terjadinya masalah gizi pada tenaga kerja perempuan  adalah haid, kehamilan, masa nifas dan menopause menjadi salah satu pendorong terjadinya defisiensi gizi apabila dalam keadaan tersebut tidak diimbangi dengan konsumsi gizi yang seimbang dan aktivitas fisik yang cukup. Asupan gizi dan aktivitas fisik dapat berpengaruh terhadap status gizi dan kejadian anemia pada pakerja perempuan yang dapat mempengaruhi produktivitas kerja.Metode:Jenis penelitian obeservasional dengan desain cross-sectional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan asupan zat gizi (energi, protein, besi, vitamin C) dan aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi dan kadar hemoglobin pada pekerja perempuan. Besar subjek 77 sampel yang dipilih secara consecutive sampling. Kadar hemoglobin diukur dengan metode cyanmethemoglobin. Asupan energi, protein, zat besi dan vitamin C diperoleh melalui Food Frequency Semi Quantitative. Aktivitas fisik diperoleh melalui pengisian form aktivitas fisik. Analisis hubungan menggunakan uji Rank Spearman.Hasil: Asupan energi 64,9% tergolong baik, asupan protein 70,2%  tergolong baik, asupan besi 58,4% tergolong baik, 72,7 % tergolong baik dan 67,5% tergolong aktif.  Hasil data status gizi menunjukkan terdapat gizi kurang 20,7% dan lebih 10,4%. Status anemia pekerja menunjukkan bahwa sebesar 38,9% mengalami anemia. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa ada tidak ada hubungan antara asupan energi dan aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi (p=0,412)(r=0,095), (p=0,055)(r=-0,220) dan ada hubungan antara asupan gizi (energi, protein, zat besi,vitamin C) dengan kadar hemoglobin (p=0,043)(r=0,232), (p=0,006)(p=0,309),(p=0,020)(r=0,265) (p=0,045) (r=-0,229)dan tidak ada hubungan aktivitas fisik dengan kadar hemoglobin (p=0,105) (r=0,186)Kesimpulan:Tidak ada hubungan antara asupan energi dan aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi dan ada hubungan antara asupan gizi (energi,protein,zat besi dan vitamin C) dengan kadar hemoglobin dan tidak ada hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dengan kadar  hemoglobin.
Gambaran Konsumsi Asam Lemak Trans di Pedesaan
Authors: Ulfa Viny Rosaliana , Subagio Hertanto Wahyu , Nuryanto Nuryanto
Published: January 2019

Latar Belakang: Perubahan gaya hidup seperti konsumsi asam lemak trans terutama di pedesaan dapat menyebabkan berbagai macam penyakit tidak menular. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat konsumsi asam lemak trans di pedesaan.Metode: Penelitian deskriptif semi-kualitatif dilakukan di Desa Watuagung dengan 68 sampel ibu rumah tangga usia 30-55 tahun yang diambil secara cluster sampling. Asam lemak trans diukur dengan FFQ semi-kuantitatif, dihitung dalam persentase asam lemak trans dari total energi dan dibandingkan dengan rekomendasi WHO 2008. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik deskriptif.Hasil: Rerata konsumsi asam lemak trans sebesar 0,38±0,3% dari total energi. Kelompok asam lemak trans yang sering di konsumsi adalah olahan gorengan 0,27% dari total energi dengan frekuensi  konsumsi 1-4 kali/minggu (78%). Sumber asam lemak trans yang paling banyak tersedia adalah kelompok olahan gorengan (6-8 jenis). Pengetahuan asam lemak trans dalam kategori kurang (53%), subjek tidak pernah mendengar promosi dan iklan (63%), dan semua aspek pemilihan makan terkait asam lemak trans dianggap penting.Simpulan: Konsumsi sumber asam lemak trans di pedesaan tidak melebihi batas maksimal dari WHO yaitu kurang dari 1% dari total energi. Kelompok sumber asam lemak trans yang sering dikonsumsi adalah olahan gorengan.
Hubungan Asupan Lemak, Protein dan Kalsium dengan Kejadian Menarche Dini pada Anak Usia 10-12 Tahun
Authors: Fathin Annisa Nur , Ardiaria Martha , Fitranti Deny Yudi
Published: January 2019

Latar Belakang : Prevalensi menarche dini semakin meningkat sebagai akibat dari meningkatnya standar kehidupan teruatama faktor asupan makan, diantaranya adalah asupan makanan tinggi lemak, protein dan kalsium. Menarche dini berhubungan dengan obesitas, peningkatan kejadian sindrom metabolik, penyakit kardiovaskuler, penyakit hati non-alkoholik.Tujuan : Mengetahui hubungan asupan lemak, protein dan kalsium dengan kejadian menarche dini.Metode : Desain penelitian case-control dengan jumlah sampel pada masing-masing kelompok 21 siswi. Subjek kasus diambil secara consecutive sampling berdasarkan hasil skrining siswi usia 10-12 tahun yang sudah mengalami mengalami menarche dini sedangkan subjek kontrol dipilih secara random tanpa matching pada siswi yang belum mengalami menarche. Data identitas dan usia menarche diperoleh dengan menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur. Data asupan lemak, protein dan kalsium diperoleh menggunakan kuesioner semi quantitative food frequency (SQFFQ) Data dianalisis menggunkan uji Chi Square dan uji Regresi Logistik Ganda.Hasil : Rerata usia menarche terjadi pada usia 11,2 tahun. Terdapat hubungan antara asupan protein dan kalsium dengan kejadian menarche dini dengan nilai p=0,034 dan p=0,01 dengan besar risiko masing-masing 3,2 kali  (95% CI: 0,918-11,509)  dan 13,6 kali (95% CI: 3,091-59,831). Tidak terdapat hubungan antara status gizi, berat badan lahir dan asupan lemak dengan kejadian menarche dini dengan nilai p  masing masing p=0,232 dan p=0,075. Regresi logistik menunjukkan asupan kalsium berlebih mempunyai pengaruh sebesar  43% terhadap kejadian menarche dini.Simpulan : Asupan protein dan kalsium berhubungan dengan kejadian menarche dini.
ASUPAN VITAMIN D DAN PAPARAN SINAR MATAHARI PADA ORANG YANG BEKERJA DI DALAM RUANGAN DAN DI LUAR RUANGAN
Authors: Rimahardika Rosita , Subagio Hertanto Wahyu , Wijayanti Hartanti Sandi
Published: January 2019

Background: The high deficiency of vitamin D were caused by low vitamin D intake which are limited amounts of vitamin D food sources, and sunlight exposure. Indoor workers were likely to be lower sunlight exposure, while outdoor workers were higher of sunlight exposure, but when someone often exposed sunlight used covering clothes and sun protector then the exposure was not enough to complete the needs of vitamin D. The purpose of this study was to compare intake of vitamin D and sunlight exposure between indoor and outdoor workers.Methods: The analytic descriptive study was held in Sayung Subdistrict with 60 sample aged 19-64 years were selected by using consecutive sampling. Vitamin D intakes was measured by SQ-FFQ and analyzed using nutrisurvey. Sunlight exposure were obtained by doing direct interview with questionnaire and sunlight exposure recall 3x24h. The data were analyzed by using descriptive tests and bivariate tests.Results: The indoor worker’s frequency of sunlight exposure was higher (p = 0.001), indoor worker’s body was more closed (p = 0.02), indoor worker’s habit of using sunlight protector was more often (p = 0.001), outdoor worker’s total duration of sunlight exposure was higher (p = 0.001), outdoor workers were more often to use polyester material textile (p= 0.07), and vitamin D intake was higher in outdoor workers than indoor workers (p = 0.79).   Conclusion: Indoor workers were at higher risk of vitamin D deficiency due to low vitamin D intake and sunlight exposure because of often used covering clothes and sunlight  protectors.
PERBEDAAN EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN PISANG RAJA DAN PISANG AMBON TERHADAP INDEKS KELELAHAN OTOT ANAEROBIK PADA REMAJA DI SEKOLAH SEPAK BOLA
Authors: Lone Vicka Frantya , Ardiaria Martha , Nissa Choirun
Published: January 2019

Background : Anaerobic muscle fatigue occurs due to accumulation of lactic acid, causing soreness and reduced muscle contraction. Raja banana (Musa paradisiaca var. Sapientum L.) and Ambon banana (Musa paradisiaca var. Sapientum (L.) Kunt.) are high in carbohydrate and potassium which are involved in increasing blood glucose, thus consuming bananas before exercising may help prevent muscle fatigue.This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Raja and Ambon bananas on anaerobic. muscle fatigue index of adolescents in football school.Methods :This study was a quasi-experimentusingthe posttest-only with control group design.Thirty-nine male adolescents aged 15-18 years at Terang Bangsa and Satria Kencana Serasi football schools were recruited and classified into 3 groups: control (240 ml of mineral water), group I (150 g Raja banana fruit), and group II (150 g of Ambon banana fruit). Anaerobic muscle fatigue was measured by Running-base Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST) to calculate Anaerobic Fatigue (AF) value. Data were analyzed by One way ANOVA and ANCOVA test.Results :The average AF index in control group (11.53±2.20) was significantly different with group I (4.30±0.80; p=0.001), and group I with group II (9.76 ± 2.34; p=0,001). However not significantly different between the averageAF Index of control group withgroup II.Conclusion :There is a significant difference in the effectiveness of Raja and Ambon banana on reducing anaerobic muscle fatigue for adolescents in football school. Raja banana demonstratedbetter effects on muscle fatiguein comparison withAmbon banana.
HUBUNGAN KADAR ASAM URAT DENGAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA REMAJA OBESITAS DI KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Monikasari Monikasari , Ardiaria Martha , Widyastuti Nurmasari
Published: January 2019

Background : Obesity in adolescents may cause elevated uric acid levels, leading to increased blood pressure. This occurs as a result of high uric acid levels inducing arteriolopathy in preglomerular vessels. Consequently, the autoregulator response of the afferent arterioles is impaired and eventually causing hypertension. This study aimed to determine the association of uric acid levels with blood pressure in obese adolescents. Adolescent with hypertension could continue in adulthood and had an higher increased risk of mortality. Objective : To analyze correlation of serum uric acid with blood pressure in obese adolescent in SemarangMethods : This was an observational, cross-sectional study with fifty-three subjects selected through consecutive sampling. Food intakes were assessed using Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionare. Serum uric acid levels were measured by Uricase PAP, while physical activity levels were determined by Short International Physical Activity Questionare. Data were analyzed using Rank-Spearman test. Result : Mean serum uric acid levels in male adolescents was 4.897±1.223 mg/dL with an average systolic blood pressure of 1.219±9.544 and a mean diastolic blood pressure of 85.85±8.359. In female subjects, the mean serum uric acid levels was 4.841±0.883 mg/dL with an average systolic blood pressure of 1.175±9.653 and an average diastolic blood pressure of 81.67±8.348. Serum uric acid levels were significantly correlated with systolic blood pressure (p = 0.000; r=0,495) and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.010, r=0,325).Conclusion : Serum uric acid levels were significantly correlated with blood pressure among obese adolescents in Semarang.
PERBEDAAN KADAR ASAM URAT DAN ASUPAN ZAT GIZI PADA KELOMPOK VEGETARIAN DAN NONVEGETARIAN
Authors: Fithri Annisa Amala , Probosari Enny , Nissa Choirun
Published: January 2019

Latar Belakang: Kadar asam urat yang tinggi (hiperurisemia) merupakan salah satu faktor risiko terjadinya gout. Hiperurisemia dapat disebabkan karena konsumsi makanan dan cairan sehari-hari. Purin diketahui sebagai salah satu senyawa yang dapat memengaruhi kadar asam urat dan ditemukan lebih banyak dalam makanan hewani. Beberapa bahan makanan hewani tidak dikonsumsi oleh kelompok vegetarian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat perbedaan kadar asam urat dan asupan zat gizi pada kelompok vegetarian dan nonvegetarian.Metode: Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan desain cross sectional. Seluruh subjek merupakan wanita dengan pembagian 24 orang termasuk ke dalam kelompok vegetarian dan 24 orang lainnya merupakan nonvegetarian. Semua subjek diwawancara menggunakan kuesioner frekuensi makan semi kuantitatif. Kadar asam urat dianalisis dengan metode uricase-PAP. Uji normalitas menggunakan Saphiro Wilk. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji Mann Whitney.Hasil: Nilai perbedaan kadar asam urat (p=0,114), asupan energi (p=0,07), karbohidrat (p=0,578), lemak (p=0,03), protein(p=0,001), purin (p=0,013), vitamin C (p=0,375), kalsium (p=0,103), dan cairan (p=0,081) pada kelompok vegetarian dan nonvegetarian.Simpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan kadar asam urat, asupan energi, karbohidrat, vitamin C, kalsium dan cairan antara kelompok vegetarian dan nonvegetarian. Terdapat perbedaan asupan lemak, protein, purin, pada kelompok vegetarian dan nonvegetarian.
Pengaruh Pemberian Rebusan Daun Binahong (Anredera Cordifolia) terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah pada Wanita Dewasa
Authors: Sudirman Sudirman , Kusumastuti Aryu Candra
Published: January 2019

Latarbelakang : Diabetes Melitus (DM) merupakan suatu penyakit metabolik yang terjadi akibat kerusakan pada sekresi insulin dan kerja insulin yang dapat diukur dengan melihat kadar glukosa dalam darah. Daun binahong memiliki kandungan saponin yang mempunyai aktivitas seperti insulin, dapat menghambat lipolisis, dan meningkatkan pengambilan glukosa oleh sel adipose. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan perubahan kadar glukosa darah pada wanita dewasa.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi-experiment dengan rancangan control group pre test – post test pada 22 wanita dewasa di perumahan PGRI, kantor disnakertrans dan kantor kesbangpol kota semarang usia 34-53 tahun pada bulan juni 2016. Kelompok perlakuan diberikan rebusan daun binahong sebanyak 155 g/70 kgBB sedangkan kelompok control diberikan 2 g gula 0 kalori dengan penambahan air sebanyak 250 ml.  Intervensi dilakukan selama 14 hari. Metode t-test digunakan untuk menganalisis uji beda pengaruh rebusan daun binahong terhadap kadar gula darah puasa sebelum dan sesudah intervensi.Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan signifikan kadar GDP antara kedua kelompok (p<0.05), dimana kadar GDP 89.64±9.45 mg/dl pada kelompok perlakuan dan 98.54±15.00 mg/dl pada kelompok kontrol. Terjadi penurunan kadar GDP pada kelompok perlakuan (99.45 ± 10.80 mg/dl) menjadi (89.64 ± 9.45 mg/dl). Peningkatan kadar GDP terjadi pada kelompok kontrol (95.64 ± 13.50 mg/dl) menjadi (98.54 ± 15.00 mg/dl).Kesimpulan : Pemberian rebusan daun binahong dapat menurunkan kadar gula darah puasa pada wanita dewasa.
Pengaruh Suplementasi Seng terhadap Kejadian Tonsilitis pada Balita
Authors: Prasetya Gita Zeny , Kusumastuti Aryu Candra , Kurniawati Dewi Marfu'ah
Published: January 2019

Latar Belakang : Tonsilitis merupakan salah satu infeksi pada saluran pernapasan bagian atas (ISPA) yang sering terjadi pada balita. Seng berperan pada sistem kekebalan tubuh manusia. Pemberian suplementasi seng dapat meningkatkan sistem kekebalan tubuh dan dapat menurunkan kejadian ISPA termasuk tonsilitis. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh suplementasi seng terhadap kejadian tonsilitis pada balita.Metode : Penelitian true eksperimental dengan post test only control group design. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 40 balita berusia 2-5 tahun yang dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol (mendapat sirup placebo) dan kelompok intervensi (mendapat suplemen seng 10 mg/hari selama 2 bulan). Data kejadian tonsilitis diperoleh pada akhir intervensi melalui anamnesis dan pemeriksaan fisik. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Independent T -Test dan Mann Whitney U-Test.Hasil: Rerata tingkat kecukupan seng pada kelompok kontrol selama penelitian 137,42± 50,05 dan pada kelompok intervensi 352,84 ± 48,54. Rerata frekuensi tonsilitis akut pada kelompok kontrol lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok intervensi, yaitu sebesar 0,26 ± 0,562 kali, sedangkan kelompok intervensi sebesar 0,21 ± 0,419 kali. Tidak terdapat perbedaan pada frekuensi kejadian dan skor tanda gejala tonsilitis antara kelompok kontrol dan intervensi (p>0,05)Simpulan : Rerata kejadian tonsilitis pada kelompok kontrol lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok intervensi, namun tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan.
Calculation and Analysis of Horizontal and Vertical Lapping Angles in Tricot Warp Knitting
Authors: Zhang Lingjie , Miao Xuhong , Wan Ailan
Published: January 2019

The lapping angle, which affects the style and quality of production, has been studied as a parameter of weft knitting. But the importance of the lapping angle has not been considered during the warp-knitting cycle. This paper shows that the lapping angle exists in the process of warp knitting and can be divided into horizontal and vertical lapping angles. Models for the lapping angles of closed and open loops were devised, and the lapping angles (horizontal and vertical lapping angles) of closed and open loops were calculated and analyzed. Furthermore, the paper seeks to investigate the factors that influence the lapping angle of tricot warp-knitted fabrics and summarize the rules. Moreover, the vertical lapping angle can affect the loop coverage. Results reveal that the decrease in number of underlaps and an increase in take-off density enables loops of the front guide bar to show on the face of the fabric. Moreover, it is also advantageous for an apparent front loop visibility when the front guide bar knits in open loop.