bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving Stewardship of Clostridioides difficile Testing with EMR and Provider Phone Calls
Authors: Joslin Joseph , Ablah Elizabeth , Okut Hayrettin , Bricker Lauren , Assi Maha
Published: May 2022

Introduction. Modern laboratory techniques cannot differentiate between Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) colonization and infection. Therefore, testing must be clinically indicated. To reduce hospital-onset of C. difficile infections (HO-CDI), Ascension Via Christi-Wichita (AVC-Wichita) intervened in three stages by introducing: 1) a C. difficile testing algorithm, 2) an electronic medical record (EMR)-based decision support system to enforce said algorithm, and 3) phone calls from the infection prevention department to providers to discontinue tests not collected within 24 hours of the order. The goal of this study was to determine if these interventions improved the HO-CDI rate.
Methods. At AVC-Wichita, the three study periods were compared: baseline with algorithm training only, the EMR intervention, and the EMR intervention with additional phone calls (EMR + phone calls). Data were abstracted from the hospital EMR.
Results. 311 charts were reviewed. Adherence to the algorithm increased from 34% at baseline to 52% after the EMR intervention (p=0.010). During the EMR + phone calls time-period, more tests were discontinued (87%, n=39) compared to baseline (54%, n=15) and EMR (54%, n=15, p=0.003). The HO-CDI rate ranged from 8.5 cases per 10,000 patient-days at baseline, to 7.9 during EMR, to 4.0 during EMR + Phone calls (p=0.007).
Conclusions. The EMR and EMR + phone call interventions were associated with a significant decrease in the HO-CDI rate and an increase in provider adherence to the algorithm.
Implementation of Effective Smoking Cessation Strategies for People Living with HIV in one Infectious Diseases Clinic, A Pilot Implementation Study
Authors: Sigler Rachel , Robertson Kelly , Herrman Megan , Newman Jessica
Published: May 2022

Introduction. Use of tobacco products carries significant long-term health risks, and rates of smoking in persons living with HIV are as high as 2-3 times that of the general population. We aimed to increase assessment of readiness to quit smoking and provide cessation counseling to patients receiving HIV care through our clinic.
Methods. This study was a pilot implementation in a single-center teaching hospital. In total, 603 active patients with HIV were followed in clinic at the time of the study start; of these, 79 were active tobacco smokers (13%) and eligible for the intervention. Providers were educated on recommendations for tobacco smoking cessation counseling, intervention strategies and options for treatment. Patients who smoked tobacco were assessed for readiness to quit. Cessation counseling and tobacco cessation mediations/nicotine replacement were provided at the discretion of the patient and physician based on visit discussions. Primary outcome measures were increase in assessment of readiness to quit and in providing cessation counseling. Secondary measures included tabulation of number of patients provided with a tobacco smoking cessation treatment and in those with a successful quit episode.
Results. There was a moderate increase in patients assessed for readiness to quit and who received tobacco smoking cessation counseling and treatment medications during the pilot. In total, 11 patients (8.7%) reported quitting smoking for at least 2 weeks.
Conclusions. Additional work on streamlined mechanisms to identify tobacco use and provide efficient and effective tobacco smoking cessation counseling are needed in this high-risk population.
Treatment History as a Predictor for Change in Visual Acuity After Surgical Correction of Diabetic Retinal Traction Detachment
Authors: Unruh Zachary , Ablah Elizabeth , Okut Hayrettin , Chacko David
Published: May 2022

Introduction. Tractional retinal detachment remains a leading cause of severe, persistent vision loss in those with diabetic retinopathy.  The purpose of this study was to investigate factors in treatment history associated with outcomes of surgical repair for diabetic tractional retinal detachments.

Methods. A retrospective, cohort study design was used. Sixty-four eyes that underwent surgical correction for diabetic tractional retinal detachment were retrospectively analyzed. For eyes that received any treatment within three months of surgery, the entire treatment history was recorded and analyzed.  Eyes with no recorded treatment or only remote treatment outside of three months prior to surgery were considered treatment naïve.

Results. Of all eyes, 56% (n=36) had received treatment for proliferative diabetic retinopathy in the three months prior to surgery.  Among those treated, 50% (n=18) of eyes had both laser and bevacizumab (Avastin) treatments and 44% (n=16) had only bevacizumab injections.  One eye received only laser photocoagulation, and one eye received ranibizumab (Lucentis) injections.

          Average BCVA for all eyes improved from 1.68 LogMAR (20/1000) pre-operatively to 1.34 (20/400) post-operatively, p=0.0017.  Average BCVA in eyes with pre-operative treatment history improved from 1.73 (20/1000) pre-operatively to 1.09 (20/250) post-operatively, p=0.0006.  Average BCVA in treatment-naïve eyes was 1.60 (20/800) pre-operatively and 1.66 (20/1000) post-operatively, p=0.638.  Eyes treated only with intravitreal injections had an improvement in BCVA from 1.81 (20/1200) pre-operatively to 0.91 (20/160) post-operatively, p=0.006.  There was no difference between tamponade agents when comparing mean change in BCVA, p=0.944.

Conclusions. Bivariate analyses suggest there is a relationship between intravitreal injection treatment history and a large improvement in BCVA, and a similar association between combined laser/injection treatment history and improvement in BCVA.  These relationships, however, were not present when controlling for confounders in multivariate analysis.  There are likely other factors in the patient’s treatment history such as timing, quantity, and order of treatments that play a role in the bivariate association observed in this study.
Experiencias de maestros en el trabajo con estudiantes inmigrantes: desafíos para el logro de aulas inclusivas
Authors: Flanagan-Bórquez Andrea , Cáceres-Silva Kimberly , Reyes-Alarcón Javiera
Published: May 2022

En las últimas décadas, un escenario predominante en América Latina ha consistido en migraciones intrarregionales, las que han impactado a los sistemas educativos y, especialmente, a los profesores. El presente artículo cualitativo-fenomenológico buscó conocer los desafíos educativos y pedagógicos actuales que presentan maestros chilenos que imparten clases a estudiantes inmigrantes; para ello, se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a 10 docentes de una escuela rural y otra urbana, las cuales se destacan por presentar altos índices de vulnerabilidad y alta diversidad estudiantil. A pesar de las importantes diferencias territoriales y culturales de las instituciones, los resultados muestran grandes similitudes en torno al manejo de la diversidad por parte de los docentes, la cual es construida de manera individual e intuitiva y no permea todos los ámbitos al interior de la escuela.
Female Reproductive System Deceased Donor and Tissue Eligibility Criteria for Penn TMC v1
Authors: not provided kone
Published: May 2022

This document outlines the required criteria for deceased donor inclusion of the female reproductive system in the Human BioMolecular Atlas Program (HuBMAP) for the University of Pennsylvania Tissue Mapping Center.This protocol was developed and is executed in collaboration with the organ procurement organization the Gift of Life Donor Program. This study intends to be as inclusive as possible of race and ethnicity.
TSS-MPRA Protocol v1
Authors: Guzman Carlos
Published: May 2022

Cis-regulatory elements can be classified by the shapes of their transcription initiation patterns, which are indicative of distinct regulatory mechanisms. While massively parallel reporter assays (MPRAs) have enabled the functional study of sequence features within regulatory elements on an unprecedented scale, current MPRA approaches focus on quantifying transcript abundance, largely ignoring where transcription starts. This information however, could provide evidence that regulatory mechanisms in the context of the reporter assay resemble those active in the genome. Here we describe a transcription start site-capturing massively parallel reporter assay (TSS-MPRA) that simultaneously measures the location and frequency of transcription initiation. We characterize the degree to which plasmid-based MPRAs recapitulate endogenous initiation patterns (“TSS shapes”) and transcription levels and evaluate the effects of increasing insert length and reporter chromatinization on plasmid-derived transcription initiation. Employing a new bioinformatic approach to compare TSS shapes, we find that shorter, episomal constructs most faithfully replicate endogenous initiation patterns and transcription levels. Finally, we illustrate how TSS-MPRA can be used to decode cis-regulatory grammar by assessing the effects of core promoter and transcription factor motif mutations and single nucleotide polymorphisms on transcription initiation. Taken together, TSS-MPRA reveals important caveats to consider when using MPRAs and enables high-resolution analysis of the sequence grammar underlying transcription initiation.
Difficulties associated with the diagnosis of primary urethral melanoma
Authors: Bondarenko О. К. , Shevchenko A. N. , Khvan V. K. , Lapteva T. O. , Shvyrev D. A.
Published: May 2022

This article touches upon topical problems of modern medicine, representing the difficulty of timely diagnosis of oncological diseases of arduous localization and management of patients with malignant neoplasms. As an example, a clinical case of primary urethral melanoma is presented, illustrating a complex of aspects associated with the rarity of detecting malignant neoplasms of a given localization. The creation of standardized tactics for managing patients with rare malignant tumors and the correct interpretation of research results at the diagnostic stage, play an important role in improving the quality and life expectancy of patients. A step-by-step analysis of difficult situations will increase the alertness of doctors of all specialties.
Left-sided flap transposition of the appendix for urethroplasty in oncourology
Authors: Nosov A. K. , Rumyantseva D. I. , Mamizhev E. M. , Lushina P. A. , Shchekuteev N. A. , Berkut M. V.
Published: May 2022

The ureter is a unique tubular structure, extremely sensitive to exogenous influences and directly affects to renal function. The injuries of the ureter remain one of the most difficult problems requiring an extraordinary surgical approach in urology. Extended strictures and obliterations of the ureters of various origins in the absence of timely treatment are accompanied by irreversible changes in the upper urinary system and renal parenchyma. Obstructive uroteropathy with transformation of the ureter wall, pelvis and kidney parenchyma in the case of oncology disease is caused directly by the tumor itself or invasive growth or complication of treatment. Therefore, the determination of indications and algorithms for ureteral reconstruction are cornerstone problem in urology daily practice.
Relationship of TP53 gene with retroelements in urogenital organs carcinogenesis
Authors: Mustafin R. N.
Published: May 2022

The article presents a hypothesis about the influence of TP53 gene on the development of prostate, kidney, and bladder cancer through negative regulation of retrotransposons. The p53 protein is a transcription factor that controls the expression of various protein-coding genes. The promoter regions of endogenous retroviruses contain almost ideal binding sites for p53, which suppresses translation of these elements and LINE1s. The TP53 gene contains retrotransposons, which promote mutations due to recombinations. Germinal mutations of the TP53 gene in Li–Fraumeni syndrome cause a deficiency of the p53 protein, which leads to the activation of retroelements, which, in turn, cause loss of heterozygosity of the second TP53 allele. The result is a “vicious circle” that stimulates genomic instability and carcinogenesis. This mechanism is possible for sporadic urogenital system malignant neoplasms development, where TP53 mutations are most often identified, acting as drivers of carcinogenesis. At the same time, pathological activation of retroelements is found in many malignant neoplasms. Moreover, the “vicious circle”, when a deficiency of an oncosuppressor causes activation of retroelements that contribute to inactivation of other oncosuppressors, is characteristic not only for р53. Retroelements can be controlled by other oncosuppressor genes that contain hot spots of insertional mutagenesis and retrotransposons (which contribute to recombination events). I suppose that pathological interregulation of retroelements and tumor suppressors is a universal mechanism of carcinogenesis in the development of sporadic malignant neoplasms and hereditary tumor syndromes. Chromoplexy observed in 90 % of prostate cancer samples may reflect these events, since activated retroelements in carcinogenesis contribute to complex chromosomal rearrangements.
Rare malignant kidney (renal) tumor – leiomyosarcoma of the renal vein (clinical case)
Authors: Dementyev I. O. , Chaykov V. S. , Troyanov A. V. , Parkov D. A. , Shchukina E. O. , Anurova O. A. , Fedenko A. A. , Kaprin A. D. , Ivanov S. A.
Published: May 2022

Soft tissue sarcomas are a rare group of malignant tumors that develop from different types of connective tissue. One of the histological variants of primary renal sarcoma is renal leiomyosarcoma. Leiomyosarcoma of kidneys can develop from the renal vasculature, renal veins, pelvic muscles, smooth muscle components of the renal capsule. Clinical and radiologic signs of leiomyosarcoma are nonspecific. Diagnosis is based on histological and immunohistochemical studies after surgical intervention. This article presents a clinical case of diagnosis and treatment of leiomyosarcoma of the renal vein.
Paratesticular sarcoma of the scrotum
Authors: Novikov M. E. , Kudryavtsev A. D. , Glushnitskaya Z. K.
Published: May 2022

Paratesticular sarcoma is a rare malignant tumor. In this regard, the correct diagnosis can be difficult and made only by the method of exclusion. Radiation diagnostics is used at all stages of the examination of patients with scrotal neoplasms and is highly effective in the primary staging of the disease, in assessing the effectiveness of treatment and in identifying the progression and recurrence of the disease. This article presents a clinical case of diagnosis and surgical treatment of paratesticular sarcoma.
Malignant neoplasms of the skin in recipients after kidney transplant: is the cancellation of immunosuppressive therapy inevitable?
Authors: Perlin D. V. , Shmanev A. O. , Perlina A. D. , Terentiev A. V. , Kulikov P. A.
Published: May 2022

Background. With a constant increase in the number of renal transplant recipients and an increase in their life expectancy, the number of complications associated with immunosuppressive therapy is progressively increasing. The incidences of oncological diseases are approximately 100 times higher than the incidence in the general population. Skin neoplasms constitute a significant part of oncological diseases after kidney transplantation.

Materials and methods. In our clinic in the period from 2010 to 2017, four patients with malignant neoplasms of the skin were observed. Three of them developed Kaposi’s sarcoma in the period from 6 months to 6 years after kidney transplantation, one was diagnosed with squamous cell skin cancer 10 years after the operation.

Results. After histological verification, excision of neoplasms was performed in two cases, followed by a decrease in the dosage of immunosuppressive drugs; in one case, a complete conversion of immunosuppressive therapy was performed. During therapy, stabilization of the condition was noted, however, further deterioration in the function of the graft was noted, which led to the loss of kidney function and removal of the grafts. A patient with basal cell skin cancer underwent surgical treatment with a course X-ray radiation, but further progression led to the death of the patient.

Conclusion. Kidney transplant patients are at high risk of developing skin malignancies and death from cancer. Early detection of the disease and complete withdrawal of immunosuppressive drugs – calcineurin inhibitors, despite the high probability of loss of graft function are still often remain necessary conditions for the treatment of patients with skin malignant neoplasms.
Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy: results of various surgery techniques
Authors: Osetnik V. K. , Orlova R. V. , Gadzhiev N. K. , Dzhalilov I. B. , Rybalchenko V. A. , Shkarupa D. D. , Semenyakin I. V. , Kuzmina I. N.
Published: May 2022

This article discusses the main approaches to performing laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. For the method using warm ischemia, the main studies related to the time of warm ischemia and its effect on renal function have been analyzed. The basic techniques for operations united by the general name zero ischemia kidney resection are also considered. The main positive and negative aspects of induced hypotension are described. The article presents the authors’ own experience in performing normotonic laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.
Post-metaphysical metaphysics L.P. Karsavina
Authors: Faritov Vyacheslav T.
Published: May 2022

The article is devoted to comprehending the path of Russian religious philosophy in the perspective of the crisis of European metaphysics. Based on the analysis of the concepts of L.P. Karsavin and F. Nietzsche, the article substantiates the thesis that Karsavins philosophy is characterized by a post-metaphysical orientation. A comparative analysis of the teachings of L. Karsavin and F. Nietzsche is carried out.
CROWDFUNDING AS ALTERNATIVE FINTECH ECOSYSTEM IN FINANCIAL MARKET
Authors: Versal N. , Dudnyk Y. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: May 2022

The financial market offers many opportunities for projects funding. However, in its development, the financial market becomes more complex; it loses such features as flexibility and ease of fund-raising, including increased regulation. As a result, new, sometimes niche types of financial markets and instruments appear in the search for convenient channels for the movement of funds from lenders and investors to borrowers and issuers. Crowdfunding has become such a niche component of the financial market, a kind of ecosystem that consists of investors (lenders, donors), crowd platforms, and beneficiaries (project owners), among which startups occupy a special place. Accordingly, the purpose of the study was to clarify the features of crowdfunding, the factors predetermining its development, and the prospects for its development. To achieve the goal,we use s tatistical methods. We note the positive trends in the development of crowdfunding in all regions, despite that China showed a crucial decline. Thus, the average annual growth rate of crowdfunding in Europe and America has been more than 60 % since 2013. We also analyze the factors influencing crowdfunding development, particularly economic development, gross savings, the number of crowdfunding platforms, regulation. The constructed panel multivariate regression models showed that the following factors were significant: gross savings and the number of crowdfunding platforms. Finally, we have determined the features of the functioning of crowdfunding in Ukraine. Among those, the use of crowdfunding mainly for charitable financing projects, an insufficient number of platforms, an insignificant amount of funds raised, and the absence of state regulation. As a result, we have identified measures that will contribute to the development of crowdfunding in Ukraine, including the adoption of best practices of crowdfunding regulation, ensuring the transparency of its functioning, establishment of specialized crowdfunding platforms, and creating a crowdfunding culture. Keywords: funding, crowd platforms, financial technologies.
PECULIARITIES OF INTERBUDGETARY RELATIONS UNDER DECENTRALIZATION
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Cheberyako O. , Miedviedkova N. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: May 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the features of interbudgetary relations, key aspects of their regulation, instruments of interbudgetary relations, and their application in Ukraine under decentralization. The study substantiates the need to revise and improve the practice of using instruments of interbudgetary relations, taking into account international experience, outlines the directions for increasing the efficiency of using instruments of interbudgetary relations in order to ensure the socio-economic development of regions. The article is structured as follows: firstly, the features of interbudgetary relations are disclosed; secondly, the impact of decentralization on the state of intergovernmental fiscal relations is considered; thirdly, the tools of inter-budgetary relations are investigated with the aim of leveling horizontal and vertical imbalances in the budgets of all levels. The results of the study allow asserting that the reform of the instruments of interbudgetary relations should consist not only in helping to increase the financial capacity of local self-government bodies but also in providing an impetus for further economic growth of the regions. The result of effective regulation of interbudgetary relations should be the support of points of growth that are strategically important for the regions. The outcomes of the investigation made it possible to develop directions for improving interbudgetary relations under decentralization, which contributes to increasing the financial capacity of local governments and the efficiency of the provision of public services. Further reforming of interbudgetary relations in the context of decentralization requires expanding the rights of local governments and strengthening their budgetary independence, as well as increasing the efficiency of using the instruments of interbudgetary relations and the quality of public services.
About Some Peculiarities of the Forensic Linguistic Examination in Cases of Drug Propaganda on the Platform Youtube
Authors: Lebedeva A. K.
Published: May 2022

The article deals with some problems of the forensic linguistic examination in cases of drug propaganda, we analyze platform YouTube as an example. Problems with the traffic of narcotics link with the propaganda of narcotic, it has a certain influence on these figures, both among adults and among minors. The article highlights the problem of defining the concept of «propaganda», examines the discrepancy between the legislative formulation of the concept of «propaganda of narcotic drugs» and the concept of «propaganda» in the linguistic sense.
Reparative and functional state of postoperative wound tissues during hernioplasty with endoprosthesis "titanium silk" in patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Azimov R. H. , Vlasov A. P. , Glushkov P. S. , Gorsky V. A.
Published: May 2022

Objective. To assess the reparative and functional state of the tissues of the postoperative wound during hernioplasty with the endoprosthesis "titanium silk" in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Materials and methods. Clinical and laboratory examination was carried out in 37 patients with inguinal hernias using the titanium silk endoprosthesis. The patients were divided into two groups. In the comparison group (n = 20), surgical treatment was performed in patients without diabetes mellitus, in the main group (n = 17), patients had type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus. In the early postoperative period, the dynamics of healing process in the postoperative period was assessed using cytological and instrumental methods.
Results. It was found that inflammation and microcirculation disorders are observed in the tissues of the postoperative period. However, it was noted that when using the endoprosthesis "titanium silk" in patients of both the main and the control groups, no disruption of the reparative processes was detected.
Conclusions. The use of titanium mesh endoprostheses "titanium silk" for hernioplasty of inguinal hernias in patients with diabetes mellitus does not violate the fundamental processes of tissue healing in the region of the ​​operation.
Modern concepts of treating diaphyseal forearm fractures (literature review)
Authors: Chernyaev Sergey N. , Neverov Valentin A. , Chernyaeva Anna S.
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND: Treating patients with open forearm fractures is always a difficult task. The complexity of treating these patients is related to the anatomical and biomechanical specifics of the segment. In many cases, fragmented, unstable fractures have serious soft tissue damage due to high-energy trauma, blood supply failure, the risk of infectious complications, prolonged wound healing, compartment syndrome development, delayed union, and contracture formation.
AIM: This article reviews the modern native and foreign literature regarding the treatment of patients with open diaphyseal forearm fractures and identifies the main problems in these injuries.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The analysis of modern Russian and foreign literature concerning the treatment of patients with open diaphyseal forearm fractures is presented. The analysis was performed using the medical publication databases of CyberLeninka, eLibrary, and PubMed without limiting the search depth.
RESULTS: The high percentage of unsatisfactory results of open fractures, both anatomical and functional, especially of severe type III fractures, presents a problem. This requires the developing methods to achieve fusion to avoid infectious complications and obtain a good functional result.
CONCLUSIONS: Surgical wound management, stabilization of the fracture in the external fixation apparatus, prevention of infection with antibiotics, and early soft tissue coverage are necessary treatment steps to reduce the infection risk. Conversion of the device to submerged fixation allows early functional treatment, including rotational movement restoration. The choice of fixation method, the timing of the conversion, and the type of internal fixation remain a matter of debate.
Possibilities of using innovative technologies for treating a victim with thermal injury (case report)
Authors: Bogdanov Sergey B. , Karakulev Anton V. , Polyakov Andrey V. , Gilevich Irina V. , Petrov Anatoly A. , Ivaschenko Yuriy V. , Karakuleva Alesya M. , Filipchenko Natalia A. , Titarenko Elena A.
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND: Victims with severe burn injuries require specialized and high-tech care. The treatment results of such patients, as a rule, depend on the timing of the transfer and the volume of surgical treatment aimed at removing necrotic tissues and restoring the skin in conditions of a shortage of donor resources. In this regard, the development and implementation into clinical practice of innovative techniques for the temporary closure of burn wounds with synthetic coatings and the creation of optimal conditions in the wound for engraftment of skin grafts with a high perforation index.
СLINICAL CASE: This paper demonstrates a clinical case of successfully treating a child with a critical area of deep burn injury by flame (carriage trauma) using early surgical treatment, innovative wound dressings, and cellular technologies.
DISCUSSION: We consider the transfer to a specialized department of a multidisciplinary hospital essential in successfully treating a patient with a large burn area. Under burn center conditions, surgical treatment was performed to remove the necrotic tissues in the largest part of the deep lesion before inflammatory reactions developed. Subsequently, active surgical techniques were used to prepare the wounds for delayed plastic closure. The use of wound dressings and the introduction of cell technologies into clinical practice ensured successful patient treatment due to the early adaptation of skin autografts and risk minimization of their regression, and acceleration of epithelialization in the cells.
CONCLUSIONS: The early transfer of a severely burned child to a specialized burn center, active surgical techniques, the use of innovative wound dressings and cellular technologies in the treatment of a patient with a critical area of deep burn lesions made it possible to save a life, successfully restore damaged skin, and create optimal conditions for starting early rehabilitation measures.
Assessment of the respiratory system in children with congenital scoliosis by impulse oscillometry and computed tomography (preliminary results)
Authors: Vissarionov Sergei V. , Asadulaev Marat S. , Orlova Elena A. , Toriya Vachtang G. , Kartavenko Kirill A. , Rybinskikh Timofey S. , Murashko Tatyana V. , Khardikov Mikhail A. , Kokushin Dmitry N.
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND: Segmentation disorder of the vertebral body lateral surfaces and rib synostosis are severe variants of congenital pathology of the spine and thorax. They lead to the development of thoracic insufficiency syndrome and are manifested by the inability of the thorax to provide normal respiratory mechanics.
AIM: This study presents the preliminary results of functional and radiological (CT-morphometric) methods of lung examinations in patients with congenital thoracic spine scoliosis with impaired segmentation of the lateral surfaces of the vertebral bodies and unilateral rib synostosis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This design is represented by a small clinical series. This study is a prospective study of 10 patients aged 3 to 7 years with congenital spinal deformity, with impaired segmentation of the lateral surfaces of vertebral bodies and unilateral rib synostosis. This paper presents the preliminary results of the pulmonary function assessment by pulse oscillometry and CT morphometry in a 3D reconstruction of multispiral computer tomography (MSCT) of the thorax.
RESULTS: The study of respiratory function using pulse oscillometry revealed no respiratory impairment in seven observations, also reflected in the CT morphometry results. According to the Institute of Medicine (IOM), three children with detected ventilatory abnormalities showed the following parameters with the most significant changes: total respiratory impedance, resonance frequency, and frequency dependence of the resistive component. In all patients, the morphometric indexes of the lung scoring revealed during 3D modeling of the lung were completely consistent with the results of the lung function study by the IOM method.
CONCLUSIONS: Further study of the problem of respiratory function assessment in children with congenital scoliosis seems promising in diagnostic terms and for evaluating effective surgical treatment.
Сlinical and genetic characteristics of skeletal cyliopathies – short-rib thoracic dysplasia
Authors: Markova Tatiana V. , Kenis Vladimir M. , Melchenko Evgeniy V. , Komolkin Igor A. , Nagornova Tatiana S. , Osipova Darya V. , Semenova Natalia A. , Petukhova Marina S. , Demina Nina A. , Zakharova Ekaterina Y. , Dadali Elena L. , Kutsev Sergey I.
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND: Ciliopathies include the large group of hereditary diseases caused by mutations in the genes encoding primary cilia components. The largest type of skeletal ciliopathies is short-rib thoracic dysplasia.
AIM: This study describes the clinical and genetic characteristics of Russian patients with STRD with or without polydactyly caused by mutations in the genes DYNC2H1, DYNC2I2, IFT80, and IFT140.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comprehensive examination of 10 unrelated children aged from 9 days to 9 years, with phenotypic signs of short-rib thoracic dysplasia with or without polydactyly, was conducted. The diagnosis was confirmed using genealogical analysis, clinical examination, neurological examination, radiography, and targeted sequencing of a panel consisting of 166 genes responsible for the development of inherited skeletal pathology.
RESULTS: As a result of the molecular genetic analysis, four short-rib thoracic dysplasia genetic variants were identified. Seven patients were diagnosed with short-rib thoracic dysplasia type 3, and three unique patients were diagnosed with types 11, 2, and 9 due to mutations in the DYNC2H1 and DYNC2I2, IFT80, and IFT140 genes, respectively. From the 14 detected variants, six were identified for the first time. As in the previously described patient samples, in the analyzed sample, more than half of the cases were due to a mutation in the DYNC2H1 gene, which is responsible for the SRTD type 3. The differences in the severity of clinical manifestations and the disease course in patients with mutations in certain regions of the gene, which have a different effect on its protein product function, have been shown.
CONCLUSIONS: The results of this molecular genetic study broaden the spectrum of mutations in the DYNC2H1, DYNC212, and IFT140 genes causing short-rib thoracic dysplasia and confirm the usefulness of the whole-exome sequencing as the most informative method for identifying mutations of the genetically heterogeneous short-rib thoracic dysplasia group.
Risk factors associated with COVID-19 patients in the Northern part of Bangladesh
Authors: Zahid M. Abu , Uddin M. Bashir , Islam Mazharul
Published: May 2022

Background: In several countries, health care delivery is being compromised due to the surge in the number of infected patients during the pandemic.Methods: This was a retrospective COHORT study which was conducted at the department of cardiology at Rangpur medical college hospital, Rangpur, Bangladesh during the period from July 2020 to December 2020. In total, 235 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases were included in the study population. Proper written consent was obtained from the participants before data collection. A pre-designed questionnaire was used in the patent data collection. All data was processed, analyzed and compiled using Microsoft office and statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 22.Results: In this study, in analyzing the risk factors of COVID-19, 10 factors were found to be considerable, which were gender as male, age of ≥65 years, smoking, two or more comorbidities, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chronic respiratory disease (CRD), chronic kidney diseases, cardiac diseases and cancer/immunodeficiency. But finally, gender as male, age of ≥65 years, two or more comorbidities at a time, CRD and cardiac diseases were found as the most potential risk factors for COVID-19 and against those risk factors the p values were found to be 0.023, 0.003, 0.004, 0.005 and 0.032 respectively.Conclusions: In this study, gender was defined as male, age of ≥65 years, two or more comorbidities at a time and CRD and cardiac diseases were found as the most potential risk factors for COVID-19. To get more reliable information, we would like to recommend conducting more studies in several places with larger samples.
Study of metformin in polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Mehta Heeta R. , Shah Sushma R. , Mehta Ami V. , Panchal Payal P.
Published: May 2022

Background: Objective of the study was to measure the efficacy and safety of insulin sensitizing drug metformin in reversing the metabolic and endocrine disturbances in fifty women with polycystic ovarian disease.Methods: The study was performed on 57 women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) in the outpatient department of obstetrics and gynaecology, V. S. General Hospital, Ahmedabad. Metformin 500 mg thrice daily was given until the cysts disappeared which was taken as the end point of the study. Follicular studies were done to check the effect of metformin on ovulation. Significance was tested by paired t test and p value calculated.Results: Metformin was found effective in regressing polycystic changes in ovary, regularization of menstrual cycles and improving ovulation.Conclusions: The present study shows that metformin has a beneficial role in effective management of PCOS.
Desarrollo de un banco didáctico para verificación de los parámetros de calidad de las transmisiones dentadas cilíndricas
Authors: Jaimes-Rolon Ricardo Alfonso , Romero-Piedrahita Carlos Alberto
Published: May 2022

Las Transmisiones Dentadas han permitido el desarrollo de productos cada vez más compactos, confiables y versátiles. Esto se debe en gran medida a que la comunicación y adecuación de la potencia mecánica mediante engranes tiene unas características muy especiales como la casi ausencia de deslizamiento; la elevada capacidad de potencia con masas y dimensiones relativamente bajos, la elevada vida útil y fiabilidad, el elevado rendimiento. Es por esto, que vemos muy necesario para los futuros diseñadores mecánicos, el que reciban una formación amplia relacionada con la concepción, análisis y control de calidad de los engranajes apoyada desde la propuesta pedagógica que se presentará en este artículo, en el que se resumen los criterios de cálculo y las nociones de errores y calidad de las trasmisiones dentadas conforme con la normativa internacional ISO-AGMA, así como la descripción de un montaje para la verificación de los errores de calidad.
Epidemiología y práctica médica
Authors: Mendes Gonçalves Ricardo Bruno
Published: May 2022

Se presenta un texto inédito de Ricardo Bruno Mendes Gonçalves, referente del campo de la salud colectiva, en el que aborda la relación entre la epidemiología y la práctica médica. Se trata de la conferencia dictada el 16 de diciembre de 1988, en el marco de la apertura del seminario “Epidemiología clínica: ¿campo científico posible o nueva ideología médica?”, organizado por el Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brasil. Esta versión ha sido desgrabada y transcripta manualmente, revisada y, en muchos casos, reescrita por Naomar de Almeida Filho y Jose Ricardo Ayres, buscando siempre preservar el sentido original y el tono coloquial característico de sus conferencias.
Appréhender les vulnérabilités en santé au Brésil : Usages pluriels de la photographie
Authors: Rougeon Marina , Trad Leny , Assis Brasil Sandra , Mara Dias Gomes Thais , Mezza Martin
Published: May 2022

Il s’agit de rendre visibles les usages multiples possibles de la photographie dans les recherches portant sur la santé et les vulnérabilités, en s’appuyant sur trois travaux menés au Brésil. Dans le premier, la photographie est une source documentaire pour révéler des significations attribuées à la folie ou à la normalité dans le contexte de la clinique psychiatrique à différentes époques, et pour rendre compte d’expériences locales créatives plus récentes, dans le cadre de la Réforme psychiatrique brésilienne. Puis, à partir d’un récit d’images de chorégraphies de corps-qui-travaillent-dans-la-marée, la photographie permet aux lecteurs d’élargir leur compréhension du travail quotidien de cueilleuses de crustacés insulaires. Enfin, nous partageons l’expérience d’une recherche-action qui a mis en place des ateliers d’autoportrait de jeunes noirs d’un quartier populaire de Salvador, pour promouvoir des pratiques corporelles et sexuelles saines et l’empowerment ethnico-racial et de genre. Portant un regard sensible sur des groupes touchés par l’invisibilité sociale, la vulnérabilité ou un certain degré de stigmatisation, ces travaux révèlent des inégalités sociales et politiques, historiquement construites. Des expériences mises en écho qui renforcent les dimensions heuristiques et sensibles de la photographie, dont la place dans la recherche contribue à préserver les capacités d’imaginer et de créer, si nécessaires pour aller au-delà du mimétisme méthodologique qui s’est emparé de la production de la connaissance.
Des psychologues en pleine conscience. Tension entre légitimation scientifique et adhésion morale dans la recherche sur le mindfulness
Authors: Métivier Andrée-Ann
Published: May 2022

Au cours des deux dernières décennies, l’étude scientifique dumindfulness, traduit par «pleine conscience », a pris des proportions inégaléesen multipliant de manière exponentielle ses champs d’application et le nombrede ses publications. Dans un contexte historique où le développement de lapleine conscience en Amérique du Nord s’est continuellement joué sur lafrontière entre le spirituel et le laïc, cet article interroge le mode d’engagementde chercheurs et chercheuses en psychologie vis-à-vis de l’objet mindfulness. Enexaminant les logiques sociales, morales et épistémologiques à l’œuvre danscette science de la pleine conscience, l’analyse montre qu’elle est traverséepar une tension entre légitimation scientifique et adhésion morale. Celle-ci serévèle au travers de discours valorisant, d’une part, le répertoire scientifiquecomme registre de justification et, d’autre part, la prise en compte du caractèreexistentiel, expérientiel et moral des pratiques de pleine conscience.
Interdependence: The Pathway to the Inclusion of People with Intellectual Disabilities and Immigrant Disability Support Workers
Authors: Neri Deanna Joyce
Published: May 2022

Friendship and social connections generally improve quality oflife and well-being. However, research shows that people with intellectualdisabilities face challenges forming and maintaining friendships. Disabilitysupport workers play an indispensable yet under-recognized role indeveloping friendships with people with intellectual disabilities. Becausedisability support workers are disproportionately immigrant women, as theyfacilitate the inclusion of their clients, they too experience social isolation.After conducting in-depth interviews with disability support workers livingin Edmonton, Canada, for my master’s thesis project, I offer the followingobservations. First, staff and clients became friends with one another in partdue to weak family ties and limited social networks. Second, relationships thatfelt genuine helped staff better understand their clients and gave the staff adeeper sense of purpose in life. Third, the context, environment, and frequencyof meetings were essential for the development of friendships. Fourth,friendships among people both with and without disabilities were crucial forcommunity development. Overall, based on these interviews I suggest thatgenuine friendships between people with intellectual disabilities and careworkers can help foster a sense of belonging and are integral to community-building. My research also suggests that the meaning of friendship ought tobe expanded beyond current understandings.
Ücret İle Tazminat Sorumluluğu Birlikteliği
Authors: AKMAN Ahmet
Published: May 2022

İslâm Borçlar Hukukunda tazminat sorumluluğunun başlıca iki kaynağı vardır. Bunlar; sözleşme ve haksız fiil. Başkasına zarar vermek bu yollardan hangisi ile olursa olsun yasaklanmıştır. Ancak toplumsal hayat içerisinde kişilerin başkalarına zarar verdiklerine şahit olmaktayız. Hukuk düzeni burada da söz konusu zararın giderilmesini sağlamaya çalışır. Ancak bunun için karşı tarafa zarar vermek yasal bir yol değildir. Tazminat sorumluluğu ile birlikte aynı zamanda başka yükümlülükler de söz konusu mudur? Bu konuda Mecelle’nin 86’ncı maddesi Hanefi mezhebine uygun olarak, tazminat sorumluluğu ile kullanım ücretinin bir arada olamayacağını düzenlemiştir. Mezhep içerisinde bunun bazı teorik sebepleri vardır. Ancak diğer mezheplerin bu konuda Hanefi mezhebine muhalif görüşleri vardır. Özellikle gasp edilen malın menfaatinin ayrıca tazmin edilmesine olumlu yaklaşmışlardır. Bu farklılığın temeli menfaatin hukuken mal kabul edilip edilmemesine dayanmaktadır. Ancak sonraki dönemlerde Hanefi mezhebi içerisinde ilk görüşe bazı istisnalar getirilmiştir. Bunlar; vakıf ve yetim malları ile ticari mallardır. Ayrıca Mecelle tadillerinde menfaatin mal kabul edilmesi ve tazmin konusu olabileceği de kabul görmüştür.
Features of the manifestation of morphometric parameters of seeds in populations of vegetable chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium (L.) Hoffm)
Authors: Bukharov A. F. , Kharchenko V. A. , Eremina N. A.
Published: May 2022

The morphometric parameters of the internal structure of seeds in seven representatives of the common chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium (L.) Hoffm.) were studied. The variability of the linear dimensions of the seed, endosperm and embryo, the values of the indices IZ/E, IZ/S and IE/S are shown. The analysis of correlation connections between them is given. The studies were carried out at VNIIO, a branch of the FGBNU FSVC. Seeds of the variety Aromatny (standard) had a length of 7.12±0.146 mm. Significantly smaller seeds had two accessions, variety Ogorodnik (6.56±0.158 mm) and No. 21, which is 8.0 and 27.0% less than standard. Seeds of a significantly larger size, including No. 24 and No. 22, respectively, by 3.0-18.0% higher than control. The endosperm length of the standard was 5.20±0.121 mm. The smallest size of the endosperm was noted in sample No. 21, which is 7.1% less than the control. Three samples significantly exceeded the standard (by 7.5-16.5%) in terms of the length of the endosperm, including samples No. 20 and variety Ogorodnik. The length of the embryo in the Aromatny variety is 1.54±0.119 mm. Samples of variety Ogorodnik and No. 21 had an embryo significantly less than the standard by 14.3 and 10.4%. Significantly larger embryos were found in samples No. 24 and No. 22, which is 17.5-44.2% higher than control. The coefficient of variation (V, %) for the parameter seed length varied from 9.17% to 12.3%, for the endosperm length from 8.35% to 14.6%, and for the embryo from 20.1 to 34.8%. The IZ/S index varied from 0.195 to 0.266. The IE/C index varied from 0.707 to 0.930. A close relationship (0.675-0.863) was noted between the length of the seed and the length of the endosperm, with downward deviations to a value of 0.265 in sample No. 21 and Dietichesky variety. The presented information on the example of chervil seeds indicates a significant variability of morphometric parameters. The data obtained can be used for an in-depth characterization of seed quality, substantiation of priming technology.
Foliar biofortification of chervil with selenium and iodine under silicon containing fertilizer supply
Authors: Moldovan A. I. , Kharchenko V. A. , Golubkina N. A. , Kekina E. D. , Caruso G.
Published: May 2022

Selenium (Se) and iodine (I) are essential elements for humans, and their deficiency is widespread throughout the world. In order to obtain a functional nutritional product with an increased content of these trace elements in the vegetative experiment, foliar biofortification of two chervil varieties with selenium (sodium selenate 10 mg/l) and iodine (potassium iodide 100 mg/l) was carried out without and against the background of the use of silicon-containing fertilizers Siliplant (3 ml/l). The combined and separate application of selenate, iodide and Siliplant increased plants’ biomass. Siliplant utilization increased the accumulation of iodine by 1.7-1.9 times, and selenium supply – by 2.2-3.1 times. A significant increase in ascorbic acid content was provided by the combined supplementation of iodine and selenium (1.25-1.27 times), iodine and silicon (1.46-1.87 times) and joint application of selenium, iodine, and silicon (1.31-1.73 times), while an increase in total antioxidant activity (1.3-1.4 times) was observed for (Se+I) and (Se+I+Si) treatments. High varietal differences in the responsiveness of plants to the selected treatments were manifested, particularly an increase of polyphenols accumulation under separate and joint treatments of chervil with iodine and selenium by 1.26 times in the cultivar 21-20, and the absence of a significant effect in the cultivar 24-20. Taking into account the adequate consumption levels (ACL) of iodine and selenium, 50 g of the resulting functional product can provide up to 79% of iodine ACL and up to 40% in selenium ACL.