bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ACTIVITY LEVEL OF 238U, 232TH, 40K AND RESULTANT DOSE RATES IN SOIL AND SOME COMMON CULTIVATED VEGETABLES
Authors: Alsaedi Suad A. , M. Alfarraji Haider , J. Dwenee Sadeq , B. Razaq Ibrahim
Published: October 2022

The aim of this present study is to determine the level of natural radionuclides of 40K, 238U and 232Th in soil samples and in (Potato, Solanum tuberosum and Carrot, Daucus carota) samples and vegetables (Tomato, Solanum hycopersicum and Eggplant Solanum melongena) in Al- Mada’in district 30 km southeast of Baghdad, Iraq. High purity germanium (HPGe) detector was used for measurement. The transfer factors, annual absorbed dose rate and the annual effective dose in the samples collected were determined. The results showed that the mean level of measured natural radionuclides were 362.6 ± 41.6 Bqkg-1, 184.7 ± 17.4 Bqkg-1, 191.9 ± 13.5 Bqkg-1, 120.3 ± 10.6 Bqkg-1 and 126.1 ± 11.7 Bqkg-1 for 40K; 19.67 ± 2.00 Bqkg-1, 4.70 ± 0.609 Bqkg-1, 5.43 ± 0.977 Bqkg-1, 3.30 ± 0.460 Bqkg-1 and 2.40 ± 0.701 Bqkg-1 for 238U and 12.34 ± 4.12 Bqkg-1, 3.77 ± 0.904 Bqkg-1, 4.54 ± 0.709 Bqkg-1, 3.51 ± 0.721 and 3.81 ± 0.796 Bqkg-1 for 232Th for soil, tomato, eggplant, potato and carrot samples respectively. The soil-to-tomato transfer factors were found to be 0.512, 0.242 and 0.344 for 40K, 238U and 232Th and soil-to-eggplant transfer factors were found to be 0.534, 0.279 and 0.408 for 40K, 238U and 232Th respectively. The soil-to-potato transfer factors were found to be 0.336, 0.170 and 0.320 for 40K, 238U and 232Th while the soil-to-carrot transfer factors were found to be 0.348, 0.122 and 0.309 for 40K, 238U and 232Th respectively. The mean absorbed dose rate was 30.0 ± 0.57 nGyh-1 and the mean annual outdoor effective dose was 55.2 mSvy-1. The annual effective dose report for this present study 91.6% of the world average value of 70.00 msvy-1 and 87.3% of Thi-Qar government, south Iraq state value of 39.9 msvy-1.
ASSESSMENT OF SOIL EROSION STATUS IN CHERRAPUNJI OF NEPAL CHISAPANI, POKHARA
Authors: Subedi Yushika , Adhikari Sandesh , Thapa Ronika
Published: October 2022

Soil erosion is one of the primary causes of diminishing agricultural crop output in different countries of South Asia, including Nepal. Nepal is the world’s second-richest country in terms of water resources, and water causes soil erosion, particularly during the monsoon season. Pokhara, like the rest of Nepal, receives an average rainfall of roughly 4851mm per year, which is very high when compared to the rest of the country. This study is based on the state of soil erosion in Chisapani, Pokhara-33, which receives the most alluvial rain deposits, floods of water, and slits throughout the year, notably during the monsoon and later in the summer. Despite the fact that the area employs a variety of soil protection techniques, the Soil conservation results are still falling short of expectations. Though a small number of farmers have expressed interest in soil erosion control, the bulk of farmers appear to be unconcerned about the issue. As a result, this study was carried out in order to educate the majority of farmers about soil erosion and to raise awareness among local inhabitants about soil conservation techniques that have yet to be implemented in the area. A total of 177 responses were gathered for this study. Open-ended and closed-ended questionnaires, key informant interviews, Focused Group Discussions, and field observation were utilized to collect data, which was analyzed numerically and qualitatively. According to the findings, one of the key causes of existing soil erosion in the area is awareness. The majority of local citizens are aware of modern soil conservation measures and how to manage them. Raising soil conservation awareness programs and maintaining soil conservation infrastructure are so recommended to help farmers combat
A REVIEW ON DROUGHT TOLERANCE AND EFFECTS IN MAIZE
Authors: Pawan Lamichhane , Barsha KC , Biddhya Pandey , Preeti Kayastha , Janak Bhandari , Roka Magar Bimal , Prakash Baduwal , Himani Chand , Mukti ram Poudel
Published: October 2022

Drought is a situation that occurs when there is a prolonged period of exceptionally low rainfall, resulting in water scarcity. It is one of the most significant factors contributing to serious crop output deficits in developing countries. Tiny, broad branches, tiny tassels, elevated leaves, delayed senescence, low root biomass, and a deep root system all seem to be characteristics of this plant. with a small lateral root are all features that seem to be likely selected in maize breeding for enhanced drought tolerance. Tolerant genotypes should have strong spikelet and kernel growth, as well as adequate osmotic adjustment to help retain water in cells under drought, during the cell division, and expansion-growth stages. This does not completely stifle root and ear growth, and leaf survival is better despite the lack of water. As a consequence of comprehensive dissections of drought tolerance features in maize over the last century, numerous QTLs linked to drought tolerance in maize have been revealed(Ribaut et al., 2009).Drought-related yield reduction in maize (Zea mays L.) arise anticipated to boost when temperatures rise and rainfall distribution changes as a result of global climate change in popular traditional producing areas. The effectiveness of traditional crop development for drought tolerance has served as a benchmark against which new genetic approaches must be measured for the past 50 years. Resulting in higher yield potential and kernel set, faster silk effort, and less barrenness, selection based on performance in multi-environment trials (MET) has increased grain output under drought, though at a slower rate than under optimal conditions.
EFFECTS OF FOLIAR SPRAY OF POTASSIUM OXIDE ON VEGETATIVE GROWTH AND FLOWER QUALITY OF GLADIOLUS CV. AMERICAN BEAUTY
Authors: Mehta Aman , Sharma Shaurav , Gautam Heera , Sah Pratibha , Kunwar Kritika , Sundar Pant Shyam
Published: October 2022

A field trial was done to investigate the effect of foliar spray using different concentrations of potassium oxide on flower quality and yield attributes of Gladiolus cv. American Beauty, at Horticultural Farm, Rampur- Chitwan during the winter season of 2021/2022. Seven different concentrations of K2O (1gm/L, 2gm/L, 4gm/L, 6gm/L, 8gm/L, 10gm/L, and control) were applied for the experiment, laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The results illustrated that foliar spray of 4gm/L K2O treatment greatly enhanced most of the recorded parameters i.e., plant height (110.51 cm), number of leaves (8.86), spike length (79.92 cm), rachis length (40.16 cm), day for spike initiation (68.46 days), days for 50% flowering (79.53 days), number of florets per spike (13.5) and total days for flowering (85.26 days) as compared to control. Foliar spray of potassium can be applied as a partial substitute for the recommended soil amended potassium for increasing nutrient uptake and thus stimulating plant growth and floral characteristics.
Application of the Operator Model for Determination of Maximum Modulus of Spring and Rain Floods at the Rivers within Vistula River Basin inside Ukraine
Authors: Ovcharuk V. A. , Martyniuk M. O.
Published: October 2022

Purpose. To substantiate the calculated characteristics of the slope influx and channel runoff, as well as to create a modern methodological basis for rationing the characteristics of the maximum runoff of spring and rain floods in the Vistula River basin within Ukraine.

Methods. For calculating the maximum runoff of spring and rain floods, statistical processing of data series was performed according to the method of moments and the maximum likelihood method. The three-parametric gamma distribution was used to calculate the runoff layers and water discharges with a rare probability of exceeding. An operator model developed by E.D. Gopchenko (2001) and modified by V.A. Ovcharuk (2017) was used as a calculation to determine the characteristics of the maximum river runoff. To calculate the duration of the slope influx, a complex method was used using the software complex "Caguar", developed at the Department of Land Hydrology of OSENU.

Results. The standard statistical characteristics of the time series of the maximum runoff of spring and rain floods are determined, they were used in further calculations to determine the maximum water runoff and runoff layers with a rare probability of exceeding. The paper substantiates and generalizes on the territory all parameters of the basic operator model of maximum runoff formation: coefficients of time non-uniformity of slope influx and duration of slope influx are determined, transformation function is calculated and maximum modules of slope influx for spring and rain floods are determined. Most of the calculated parameters are generalized by territory using GIS or calculation equations with the minimum amount of required input data.

Conclusions. As a result of the study, a regional methodology was developed to determine the maximum runoff of spring and rain floods on the rivers of the Vistula River basin. In contrast to previous developments by domestic authors, the advantage is that the use of the operator model allows the use of a single formula, regardless of the genesis of the maximum runoff and catchment area. The obtained results of the research can be used in the planning of hydraulic engineering construction and flood control measures in the Vistula River basin within Ukraine in order to minimize losses and protect the population from the dangerous effects of water. The proposed model can be used for other areas
Geography of Spatial-Temporal Features of the Hotel Collective Accommodation Facilities in Ukraine
Authors: Melnychenko S. G. , Bohadorova L. M.
Published: October 2022

The hotel industry plays one of the main roles in the development of the Ukrainian economy. Collective accommodation is one of the main links in the tourism industry, so it is very important to analyze their current state, identify problems and prospects for further development.

Purpose. Research of the current state, current problems and prospects for the development of the hospitality industry of Ukraine.

Methods. Statistical, comparative, cartographic and systems analysis.

Results. The analysis of the quantitative composition of hotel establishments on the territory of Ukraine in the regional context revealed the regions with the largest and smallest dislocation of enterprises in the hospitality industry. From 2015 to 2020, the number of collective accommodation facilities in the regions of Ukraine decreased almost 3 times. Modern problems of development of accommodation establishments on the territory of the state are determined. Territorial concentration and level of development of collective accommodation facilities according to the territorial concentration index and localization index were calculated, grouping of administrative units was carried out, which allowed to reveal significant disparities in the development of collective accommodation facilities in the regions of Ukraine.

Conclusions. The tourism sector of the economy has developed the most - these are regions with significant historical, cultural and recreational resources. The primary task for modern entrepreneurs (hotel owners) is to upgrate and restore the material and technical base of enterprises. On the part of the state - the regulation of the tax system of both small and large businesses, the provision of interest-free loans for the development of the hotel business.
The poetics of the riddle in Lesya Ukrainka`s "northern" works
Authors: Tymchenko Antonina
Published: October 2022

The article considers the ways of realization of the motif of the riddle in the works by Lesya Ukrainka such as the poem "One word" and the fantasy "Polar Night". The artistic means of creating a mystery are analyzed at the level of metrics, syntax, vocabulary, phonics as well as at the semantic level. Lesya Ukrainka's lyrical heritage is rich in images of exotic loci, an interesting attempt was taken to recreate the topos of the north as a place inherently alien to the Ukrainians both psychologically (opposition "warm-cold", "near-far", "day-night") and socio-historically (the north as a place of exile of the intelligentsia, a point of no return, a hostile wasteland, which took away strength, health, deprived of life). In the poem "One Word" the author not only outlines this locus, but also speaks on behalf of its inhabitant. Recitative manner, folklore formulae introduce a fairy-tale context to the reader, syntactic constructions emphasize the mysterious context of the story. The phonics of the poem also gives the key to understanding the work: if at the beginning of the poem, which tells about the appearance of "strangers" in the settlement, close sounds of high rise like "y", "i" prevail, later we can see that rounded, "harmonious" "o" often appears to characterize the "stranger". Lesya Ukrainka is concluded to be a genius in mastering the word: the author subtextually emphasizes that, having a phantom freedom, a man dies because of the restriction of his freedom, existential inability to reach it neither at home nor in prison. In the fantasy "Polar Night" a phantasmagoric depiction of the meeting of an old man, a young fellow, a woman, a child in a mysterious locus, their conversation about darkness and light, day and night, the motives of the feast and spilled wine reflect the biblical context of the afterlife or the level of existential search for human existence, ability or inability to experience the joy, to wake up to a new life. All things considered, in the poetic works of Lesya Ukrainka there are still many unsolved mysteries, finding the key to which will allow us to read the hidden meanings of modern culture of the turn of XIX and XX centuries.
M. Rylsky's article "A word about Lesya Ukrainka" as a source of studying the poet's biography
Authors: Telexova Oleksandra
Published: October 2022

The article considers the role of literary and artistic criticism in studying the life and career of Lesya Ukrainka; a review of a critical article by M. Rylsky about the writer. The purpose of the article is to prove the effectiveness of attracting literary and critical works in the process of studying the life and creative path of Lesya Ukrainka. Biographical, comparative and receptive methods were used in the study. It is shown that in the article "A word about Lesya Ukrainka" the critic pays great attention to the biography and worldview of the poet, emphasizing the love of freedom of her family, trying to find out the origins of freedom and captivity, protection of the oppressed and disadvantaged, whom she sought to protect with his poetic words. The critic draws attention to the versatility of poetry, the use of folk poetic elements, pointing to kinship with Taras Shevchenko, symbolism, Prometheanism, musicality, flexibility and diversity of the poetic word, emphasizing the thoughts with abundant quotations. M. Rylsky presents the creative history of the drama extravaganza "Forest Song", in which the poet showed an insatiable daughter's love for Ukrainian nature and native Volhynia, and this idea will go through all stages of studying the life and career of Lesya Ukrainka. The article offers methodical recommendations on the use of M. Rylsky's article in the process of studying the biography of Lesya Ukrainka. Given the important methodological, ideological and artistic significance, it can be used at any stage of studying the work of Lesya Ukrainka: acquaintance with the biography, clarification of issues and ideological and artistic features of software works.
Children's trauma as an element of a literary work for children and youth
Authors: Kysil Victor
Published: October 2022

The research studio is devoted to the analysis of the connection as a compositional element of a literary work for children and youth.

The issue of modern children's literature largely focuses on issues related to children's trauma, which underlies the development of the plot of the work and the characteristics of the characters. In view of this, the «child trauma» in the article is seen as an emotional state of the protagonist, who found himself in a difficult psychological situation, where the child's usual state of affairs is disturbed - loss of family members or withdrawal from traditional living space. An important element of the plot and character development of the protagonist is the need to make difficult life choices or violate established prohibitions.

It is worth noting that an important factor in raising a child and forming models of his behavior for many centuries was folk art, which demonstrated the necessary rules of human behavior in certain difficult life circumstances. At the same time, one of the leading genres of folk art, which influenced the formation of human character, was a fairy tale that presented certain patterns of behavior in crisis situations, as well as provided advice to combat injuries, including psychological.

According to the results of the study it was found that the basis of the popular adventure works of D. Tolkien, K. Lewis, R. Dahl, D. Rowling, R. Riordan, S. Mayer, T. Timayer, N. Scherba and B. The image of a child's injury is missing. This technique is also characteristic of folklore and mythology.
(Un)uttered mystery of existence in V. Nabokov’ short stories “The Word” and “The Thunderstorm”
Authors: Makhankov Eugene
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to identifying the poetological and semantic features of V. Nabokov’ short stories “The Word” and “The Thunderstorm”. The analysis of the first of them is directly connected with the theme of verbal art, important to Nabokov, which in this case acts as the semantic center of the work and is realized through the comparison of two contrastive plans set, on the one hand, by the motif of the hero’s verbal weakness, and on the other, by the motif of “shining”, explanatory divine word. The content of these two plans is shaded by the theme of the otherworldly, a double-world, which are significant of the entire Nabokov’s art. To clarify the writer’s intention, the author of the article turns to the two most important pretexts of “The Word”: the poems of A. Pushkin and F. Tyutchev. The article demonstrates that, focusing on the works of his predecessors, Nabokov borrowed from them those techniques and motifs that could be most organically inscribed in his own artistic system: Nabokov refuses not only to depict his hero against the background of concrete historical reality, but also from the desire to substantiate his psychological reactions. The conventional world-model of the story is subordinated to game strategies aimed at comprehending the essence of creativity and its role in human life. Only the word, taken in its aesthetic function, is capable, according to Nabokov, to bring a person closer to the secrets of existence, to penetrate into the realm of the otherworldly, rationally incomprehensible. Thus, the angelic Word, rendered in the title, acts as a metaphor for creativity, embodied by Nabokov in the artistic fabric of the work. In the aspect of realizing the themes of double world and verbal creativity, the article also analyzes “The Thunderstorm”, which clearly reveals game narrative strategies. Thus, Nabokov’s method of “an open finale” assimilated by the literary tradition appears as a false narrative move, emphasizing the author’s modernistic intentions. Using the example of the analysis of the indicated stories, the article shows that Nabokov’s poetics vividly demonstrates the principles of modernistic writing with its headline setting on creative comprehension and figurative reflection of the irrational foundations of human life.
Verbalization of evaluation in prose and dramatic genres
Authors: Sukalenko Tetiana
Published: October 2022

The article deals with the study of the peculiarities of linguistic expression of the category of assessment, which as a universal language category operating at different language levels, plays an important role in the choice of native speakers and, consequently, culture, language means of information and is equally important for mental processes of perception, comprehension and acceptance or non-acceptance of this information. The publications in the scientific literature on various aspects of the study of the category of evaluation in terms of language have been reviewed. The analysis of the peculiarities of verbalization of the category of evaluation is carried out on the material of fictional and dramatic discourse, which is a productive language environment for studying the category of evaluation, because through verbalized national-cultural ideas and stereotypes are reflected the conceptual and linguistic pictures of the world. First of all, this category is manifested in the language and characteristics of the characters. Special attention is paid to the characters of a (chynovnyk, pan, a pani, a panna and a cossack, verbalized in the fictional and dramatic discourse of the XIX century. Evaluative characteristics, which are the elements of language modeling of fictional images, served as a basis for distinguishing the following types of evaluation: positive and negative evaluation in the structure of the text narrative, neutral evaluation, hidden positive evaluation, author's evaluation, evaluation by other characters. A positive evaluation in the language of fiction is shown by the linguistic means of creating the character of a cossack. Negative assessment was found in the linguistic means of creating the image of the pan (landlord), the images of the pani and panna are ambivalent. Evaluation is present both in the language of the characters and in the author's characteristics or comments. The object of evaluation in the fictional and dramatic genres can be both internal and external characteristics of the characters, and external characteristics are often marked by positive evaluation, while internal features have either negative or ambivalent evaluation characteristics. It was found that the ways of realization of positive or negative evaluation in the language of fiction are quite diverse. They depend on the literary and fictional methods, the creative manner of the writer and reflect his worldview.
Precedent texts as meaning-forming triggers of small poetic Internet genres
Authors: Tropina Nina
Published: October 2022

The article examines how precedent texts are involved in the creation of a semantic fabric of "pies" of amateur Internet poems with a poetic structure of an unrhymed quatrain, and their branches of powders, depresyashki, artichokes. The material were miniatures containing precedent texts, selected from the «Poetory» website and written by different authors. The analysis of the selected miniatures was carried out by the method of linguistic interpretation of the text. It is stated that Internet miniatures refer to literary postmodernism and actively refer to one of the style-forming techniques of postmodernism – the use of precedent texts. In "pies" and their offshoots there are various precedent texts: phraseological units, literary quotes, aphorisms and their excerpts, names of literary and fairy-tale characters, titles of works, etc. The precedent text can be used fragmentarily, in the form of allusions. The article states that the precedent texts are a semantic trigger that allows you to create the meaning of the "pie". The techniques of creating the meaning of a miniature using a precedent text are considered. All techniques are based on the "frame" use and perception of precedent texts. A “frame” technique is a technique in which a scenario, a “picture” arising from the precedent text, and the further semantic development of this scenario serves to create the meaning of a miniature. The “frame” method has several options: “aiming” at the “frame” use of the precedent text, paradoxically-contrasting development of the topic of the precedent text, the method of “antithesis unfolding”, "concatenation" of several precedent texts, combining several methods of using the precedent text in one miniature. It is also argued that the "frame" use of precedent texts allows not only to create the meaning of the miniature, but also to convey it concisely in accordance with the canons of the genre a maximum of 4 lines. Thus, precedent texts not only act as triggers for the "extraction" of deep content, the meaning of Internet miniatures, but also make it possible to minimize the expression plan, creating an increased semantic richness of the text.
Semantics, systematicity and problems of standardization of the term writing in Ukrainian language education
Authors: Turkevych Oksana
Published: October 2022

The terms of Ukrainian language education (in particular, methods of teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language) are part of a professional language that is constantly evolving, absorbing new concepts from world didactics and specifying existing ones. The newly formed microsystems of terms need to be standardized, unified, and mostly harmonized in order to coordinate them with foreign equivalents. All this determines the relevance of the proposed study.

The purpose of the article is to analyze the semantic paradigm of the term writing, to distinguish specific terms and describe the concepts they denote, as well as to suggest ways of terminology standardization and harmonization.

To achieve this goal, a descriptive method and a method of component analysis were used. Elements of the comparative method were used to compare Ukrainian and foreign equivalents.

The term writing in Ukrainian language education denotes a productive type of speech activity. Mastering writing means mastering graphic symbols, being able to use them to capture the idea, and as a result – to develop the ability to create text.

In order to standardize the professional language, it is proposed to use a special unit of writing, which naturally complements the system of speech activities: reading, speaking, listening.

According to the criterion of «goal», a group of terms is distinguished: academic, practical and creative writing.

According to other criteria, different types of writing are systematized (for example, collective, pair, individual; controlled, partially controlled, independent). Often their form is not yet established in the professional language.

Thus, the analysis showed the patterns of formation of the paradigm of the term writing on various grounds and revealed problematic moments in the formation of the analyzed system of terms.

The proposed terms (the scope of which is defined on the basis of how they function in language education) with an attempt to outline the definition can be the basis for terminology standardization and harmonization.
The role of the semantheme “Heart” in the structure of the field “Spiritual state” (based on the material of the Russian language)
Authors: Zamanova Ilona
Published: October 2022

The article deals with the question of denotative space of spiritual state concepts, analyzes the semantic structure of the lexeme ‘Heart’, author makes attempts to reconstruct the semantheme ‘Heart’, what is based on the lexicographic dictionaries data, contexts usage and stable combinations. The nests of semanthems, where each semantic feature of the stratified complex was acted as dominant, are also analyzed. Thus at the level of language prototypes and at the level of implementation of these prototypes in the language an attempt to fully describe the structure of the semantheme “Heart” is complete. The author drew attention to the texts of the early historical era, where it was noticed that abstract concepts at the language level were denoted using the lexical block “Heart”, but at the present stage of language development all these concepts have a separate lexeme. This observation gave the author the opportunity to assert that the “Heart” is one of the first semanthems in the spiritual sector of the system “Man”. Based on the analysis, author is stated that in the hierarchy of the spiritual sector of the system “Man” semantheme 'Heart' occupies a nuclear position, it is initial nominator of the specific reaction of the heart as an organ, later it spread the field of meaning in the direction of three other basic meanings – thoughts/feelings/desires, which gave the language consciousness the opportunity to build all subsequent abstract concepts, nuclear generalized features of the semantheme 'heart' can be found in the semantic structure of the lexical units, nominating the sphere of spirituality.

The study of the semantheme ‘Heart’ paved the way for the possibility of a new vision to the vocabulary of emotions and mental states in general denotative space. The author suggests including to the denotative space the assessment of the phenomenon by the participant, the intensity of the manifestation of the heart reaction, the intensity of desire, facial or effective reaction. It is proposed to specify the intensity using a scale with positive and negative indicators.
The Mosaics of the Domus I of the Plaza de Armas of the Royal Alcazar in Roman colonia Augusta Firma - Astigi (Écija, Seville, Spain) - I
Authors: GARCÍA-DILS DE LA VEGA Sergio , ORDÓÑEZ AGULLA Salvador
Published: October 2022

The Domus I of the Plaza de Armas of the Royal Alcazar of Ecija (Seville, Spain) has been object of archaeological excavations and restoration interventions since 2001, which have revealed that this luxurious urban residence was completely reformed in the Severan period, when several rooms and the central courtyard were decorated with mosaic pavements. The first one in being unearthed was the well-known mosaic of the Satyr / Silenus, with the double representation of these two companions of Dionysus in a single head, thanks to a singular visual play. In 2015 was discovered the so-called mosaic of the Loves of Zeus, which decorate the triclinium of the domus, with several scenes from this mythological cycle, along with Bacchic themes and characters, and the representation of the seasons. More recently, in 2019-2020, the monumental central peristyle of the residence was excavated, which perimetral corridor was covered with mosaic decoration. The thematic represented in the new mosaic is varied, including several planets, meteorological phenomena or the god Dyonisus himself, together with a panel which contained a scene following a hunt –unfortunately, in this case largely lost, but still recognizable–, all framed by a singular geometric pattern. In this paper is offered the first publication of the remarkable mosaic of the peristyle, just discovered.
Mosaic Floors of the Church at Ḥorbat Ḥadat, Israel
Authors: HABAS Lihi
Published: October 2022

The mosaic floors of the church at Ḥorbat Ḥadat in Israel were uncovered in the nave, along the southern aisle, at the eastern end of the northern aisle, between the columns separating the southern aisle and the nave and in the liturgical space. Some of the panels were removed and are now stored in the Rockefeller Museum, some left in situ. The mosaic floors were laid in the early phase of the church, and they continued in use during the late phase with repairs and changes made of tesserae larger than those of the original floors.All the carpets and panels exhibit geometric and floral patterns made in a variety of colored tesserae. These patterns include geometric grids and interlaces, some of which create trompe-l’oeil effects.In the late phase, the western part of the nave’s mosaic floor and the northern edge of the westernmost mosaic panel between the columns were replaced by a white carpet with an orange cross. The findings of the cross in the floor will be discussed in the framework of the prohibition (Edict of Emperor Theodosius II, AD 427) against depicting crosses on floors.The early basilica-type dated to the second half of the 5th century AD, and a later phase dated to the end of Byzantine and Umayyad periods (7th–8th centuries), when the church underwent changes and its dimensions were reduced. The church fell out of use during the Abbasid period.
Chrismons and Crosses on the Late Antique Mosaic Pavements from Bulgaria
Authors: POPOVA Vania
Published: October 2022

The article examines the cases of placing of the Early Christian Christograms/Staurograms and crosses in diverse iconographies and different number on the Late Antique mosaic pavements from the ancient provinces of the present-day Bulgarian lands/ mostly in the Central and Eastern Balkans. The history and the criteria of the cross in Late Antiquity are traced in the Early Christian liturgy, decoration and art, the official and tacit regulations, laws and bans in that aspect, the exceptions and the reasons causing them.
THE “OLD” AND THE “NEW” IN CHRISTIAN CULTURE OF THE 20TH CENTURY: “ORTHODOX AFFAIR” ASSOCIATION OF MOTHER MARIA (SKOBTSOVA)
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Kroshkina Lidiya V. ,   St Philaret’s Institute
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to the concept of the “old” and “the new” in the context of Christian culture of the twentieth century. Living connections within the tradition, their creative implementation is an issue discussed in “Parisian theology” in the 1930s. Church Tradition is not something frozen, but a constant process of spiritual creativity. Nun Maria (Skobtsova) is often perceived as an innovator, rejecting tradition. The article refutes this perception as erroneous. Mother Maria is not only an innovator, but also a conservator, she sees Christian history as alternation of epochs of creative enthusiasm or keeping the flame alive, ingenious discoveries or preservation of cultural treasures. It is the context of the epoch that justifies or condemns its doers: conservators or innovators. During crucial periods it is impossible only to maintain the tradition, it needs creative rethinking. The significance of organic succession of the “old” and the “new” as links of the same chain and parts to the organic whole is undeniable, but it is important to identify thе true spirit of Orthodoxy in them and to develop a new method. Mother Mary considers it necessary to distinguish worthy from unworthy both in the “old” and in the “new”, she calls individualism, spiritual self-preservation and stylization unworthy. The “Orthodox Affair” Association offers uncompromising methodological innovation – a conciliar (soborny) – personal method in creating a communial life and social service. Hopes for the monkhood in Russian diaspora to become the vanguard of church renewal did not come true.
SOVIET PROPAGANDA PORCELAIN: IDEOLOGY VS ART
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Luk’yanenko Egor V.
Published: October 2022

The object of research of this article is Soviet propaganda porcelain, produced at the very beginning of the formation of Soviet Russia. The paper considers the beginning of the formation of a new porcelain production after the October Revolution of 1917, which took part in the framework of the Soviet monumental propaganda plan. This plan was developed by the leader of the revolution V.I. Lenin. The transformation of artistic techniques and images used on products made of “white gold” was also analyzed. The image on plates, vases, cups of communist slogans, symbols and portraits of revolutionary persons marked the beginning of the creation of such a unique phenomenon as propaganda porcelain, which was supposed to educate Soviet citizens in the context of party policy. The best Russian artists and sculptors of the first quarter of the 20th century worked on its creation. Therefore, the propaganda porcelain turned out to be highly artistic, which was the reason for its success at the international exhibitions and popularity among foreign collectors. However, this fact, combined with the complexity of production, has formed a high cost of products. This did not allow plates and cups with party calls and portraits of the leaders of the proletariat to penetrate into the wider population and conduct ideological propaganda in the everyday life. At the same time, through the products exhibited abroad, a demonstration of Soviet attributes and culture in general was made, which positively influenced the recognition of the new Russia abroad as an objective reality.
TARİH, PANDEMİ, ORTAÖĞRETİM TARİH DERS KİTAPLARI
Authors: ARSLAN Yusuf
Published: October 2022

İlk olarak Çin’de başlayan coranavirüs pandemisi bütün dünyada toplumsal hayatı durma noktasına getirmiştir. Pandemi her ne kadar tıbbın konusu gibi görünse bile eğitim ile ilişkisi de bulunmaktadır. Özellikle tarih eğitimi ile. Mazideki salgın hastalık vakalarına ilişkin bilgileri öğretmediysek bireylerden bugünkü durumu anlamlandırabilmeleri, muhakeme etmeleri, tutarlı davranışlar sergilemelerini beklemek rasyonel olur mu? Hakkında yeterince bilgi sahibi olmadığınız bir olayla karşılaştığınızda tepkileriniz nasıl olurdu? Bir şeyin geçmişteki parçalarıyla ilgili enformasyon verilip, bütünü hakkında yeterince fikir sahibi olamadıysanız hatayı nerede aramak gerekirdi? Bu makalede bu sorulara yanıt verilmeye çalışılmıştır. Nitel araştırma yöntemi baz alınarak yapılan bu araştırmada veriler betimsel analiz tekniği ile analiz edilmiş ve değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. Araştırmaya örneklem teşkil eden dokümanlar 2019-2020 yılı zorunlu ve seçmeli ortaöğretim tarih ders kitapları ile sınırlanmıştır. Dolayısıyla araştırmanın bulgu ve sonuçları yalnızca söz konusu yıllardaki ders kitapları ile sınırlı olup, diğer dönem ve sınıf kitaplarını kapsamamaktadır. Araştırma sonucuna göre ortaöğretim tarih ders kitaplarında geçmişteki salgın vakalarını kapsayan konular üzerinde yeterince durulmadığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayrıca, öğrencilere salgın hastalık vakalarının geçmişteki örneklerini ve atalarının bu vakalarla nasıl yüzleştiklerini öğretmenin aktüel bir ihtiyaç olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Hem onların geçmiş vakalardan ders çıkarmalarına hem de gelecekte oluşması muhtemel salgın vakalarına karşı daha bilgili ve hazırlıklı olmalarına tarih ders kitapları ile katkı yapmak olasıdır.
FAS KRALLIĞI’NDA TÜRK DİZİLERİ ÜZERİNE NİCEL BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: CENGİZ Mahmut Fevzi , ÇAKIN Ömer
Published: October 2022

Son yıllarda Türkiye menşei televizyon dizileri, Orta Doğu ve Balkanlar başta olmak üzere uluslararası arenada izler kitlesini ve popülerliğini artırmaktadır. Arap ülkeleri genelinde geniş bir izler kitleye sahip olan Türk TV dizileri özellikle Fas Krallığı’nda da büyük alaka görmektedir. Bu çalışmada Türk dizilerinin Fas halkı tarafından izlenme eğilimleri ve nedenleri analiz edilmektedir. Çalışmada literatür taraması kapsamında, Türkiye Fas Krallığı ilişkileri tarihsel olarak ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca Türkiye’deki dizi sektörünün tarihsel süreçteki gelişimi ve günümüzdeki durumu incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın araştırma aşamasına nicel veriler temel teşkil edeceği için anket veri toplama tekniği kullanılmıştır. Burada öncelikle basit tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemiyle 500 katılımcı belirlenmiş, anket formları katılımcılara çevrimiçi yöntemlerle ulaştırılmıştır. Katılımcılardan elde edilen veriler SPSS 16.0 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) istatistik analiz programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın temel bulgularından biri Türkiye menşei TV dizileri katılımcılar arasında oldukça popüler olduğudur. Burada katılımcılar TV dizilerinin prodüksiyon kalitesini temel tercih nedeni olarak görmektedirler. Ayrıca Türk dizilerini takip eden katılımcılar izlemeyenlere kıyasla Türk halkına ve Türkiye’nin turistik değerlerine yönelik daha olumlu bir kanaat sergilemektedir. Bu durum TV dizilerimizin Fas Krallığı’nda ülkemize ilişkin kanaatlere olumlu katkılar sağladığını ortaya koymaktadır.
GİRİŞİMCİLİK OLGUSUNUN TARİHSEL GELİŞİMİ VE KADIN GİRİŞİMCİLİĞİ: MALATYA İLİNDE YAPILAN ÇALIŞMANIN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: GÜNDÜZ Ali , KARADENİZ Büşra
Published: October 2022

Ekonomik kalkınmanın temelinde girişimcilik olgusu yatmaktadır. Bugün gelişmiş ülkelerin kalkınmalarındaki en temel sebep girişimciliğe yönelik yaptıkları faaliyetlerdir. Bu faaliyetleri gerçekleştiren girişimciler diğer üretim faktörlerini de bir araya getirerek mal ve hizmet üretmekte, istihdama katkı sağlamakta ve ekonomik kalkınmayı gerçekleştirmektedirler. Bir ülkede kadın ve erkek girişimci sayınındaki artış, o ülkenin ekonomik kalkınmasını hızlandırmakta ve ülkeyi gelişmiş ülkeler seviyesine yükseltmektedir. Kadın girişimciliği gelişmiş ülkelerin kalkınmalarının altında yatan en büyük nedenlerden biri olduğundan kadın girişimcilerin desteklenmesi önem arz etmektedir. Günümüzde gelişen teknolojilerle birlikte yaşanan sosyal değişimler neticesinde her geçen gün çalışma hayatına katılan kadın sayısında artış yaşanmaktadır. Bugün, kadın girişimcileri destekleyen politikalara yer verilerek kadınların girişimci olmalarının teşvik edilmesi hem kadınlara hem de ülke ekonomisine yönelik önemli bir yatırımdır. Bundan dolayı Türkiye’de de kadın girişimciler desteklenmeli, teşvik edilmeli, girişimcilik faaliyetlerine ilişkin iş kurma ve yürütme aşamaları hakkında bilgilendirilmelerdir. Ancak ülkemizde kadınların çalışma hayatında yer almalarını engelleyen birçok sosyal ve ekonomik sorunlar bulunmaktadır. Bu sorunların giderilmesiyle kadınların çalışma hayatına girmeleri kolaylaşacak bu da üretim ve istihdamı olumlu yönde etkileyecektir. Gerçekleştirilen çalışmada literatür taramasına yer verilerek analiz çalışması yapılmıştır. Çalışma içerisinde Türkiye’deki kadın girişimcilerin çalışma hayatına katılım süreçlerinden, yaşadıkları zorluklardan bahsedilmekte ve literatürde yapılan çalışmalara yer verilerek Malatya gerçekleştirilen araştırmanın literatür çalışmalarıyla benzerlik düzeyleri incelenmektedir. Çalışma sonunda Malatya’daki kadın girişimcilerin karşılaştıkları engeller, finansman temini ve girişime atılma nedenlerinin daha önceden yapılan çalışmalarla paralel sonuçlara ulaşıldığı görülmüştür. Öte yandan kadın girişimcilerin girişimcilik alanında daha da ileriye gidebilmeleri ve bilgilendirilme düzeylerinin arttırılabilmesi için farklı önerilere yer verilmiştir.
SOSYOLOJİK SUÇ TEORİLERİNE KURAMSAL BİR YAKLAŞIM: SOSYAL SÜREÇ TEORİLERİ
Authors: BİNGÖL İlhan
Published: October 2022

İnsanlığın tarih sahnesindeki yerini almasıyla birlikte ortaya çıkan suç olgusu, insanın bu sahnedeki varlığı sürdükçe devam edecek bir durumdur. Suç, geçmişten günümüze daima güncel olan, toplumları etkileyen ve kamu otoritesini de özellikle bu olgunun azaltılmasında ya da önlenmesinde uğraştıran bir kavramdır. Suç olgusu tarihsel süreç içerisinde birçok bilim disiplini tarafından ele alınmıştır. Suça yönelik olarak bireysel teorilerin yanı sıra, biyolojik psikolojik teoriler ile sosyolojik teoriler perspektifinden bakılmaktadır. Sosyal süreç teorileri suçun bir toplumda bir nesilden diğer nesile, bir gruptan diğer gruba öğrenme yoluyla aktarıldığını ileri süren teorilerdir. Bu çalışmada suça yönelik olarak geliştirilen sosyolojik suç teorilerinden ‘sosyal süreç teorileri’ne kuramsal açıdan yaklaşılmaktadır. Çalışmada sosyal süreç teorilerinden; sosyal öğrenme teorileri, ayırıcı birliktelikler teorileri, nötrleştirme teknikleri ve sosyal kontrol teorileri üzerinde durulmaktadır.
İHTİYATLILIK İLKESİ İLE LİKİDİTE ORANLARI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: BIST UYGULAMASI
Authors: KURT Yusuf
Published: October 2022

Bu çalışmada 2005 ve 2020 yılları arasında BIST 30’da işlem gören işletmelerin ihtiyatlılık düzeyleri ile likidite oranları arasındaki ilişki zaman ve kesit verilerinin bir arada analiz edilmesine imkan sağlayan panel veri analizi yöntemiyle test edilmiştir. İhtiyatlılık düzeyinin hesaplanmasında Givoly ve Hayn (2000) tarafından geliştirilen negatif tahakkuk yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Likidite oranlarına ilişkin ise cari oran, likidite oranı (asit test oranı) ve nakit oran verileri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada kullanılan veriler işletmelerin finansal durum tabloları ve nakit akış tablolarından elde edilmiştir. Verilerin hangi tahminci yöntemiyle analiz edilmesi gerektiğine ilişkin yapılan F testi ve Breusch-Pagan LM testi sonuçlarına göre olasılık değerlerinin p>0,05 olması havuzlanmış veri seti modelinin, sabit veya rassal etkiler modeli karşısında daha etkin sonuçlar vereceğini göstermiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre bağımsız değişkenlerimiz olan cari oran, likidite oranı ve nakit oran değişkenlerinin tümünün olasılık değerinin p>0,05 olması işletmelerin ihtiyatlılık düzeyleri ile kısa vadeli borçlarını ödeme gücünü gösteren cari oran, likidite oranı ve nakit oran arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olmadığını göstermiştir.
Pengembangan E-Learning Fisika Berbasis Masalah Berbantuan Laboratorium Virtual Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Proses Sains Peserta Didik
Authors: Sumaeni Baiq , Sutrio Sutrio , Gunada I Wayan
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan e-learning fisika berbasis masalah berbantuan laboratorium virtual yang valid, praktis, dan efektif untuk meningkatkan keterampilan proses sains peserta didik pada topik gerak lurus. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian pengembangan (Research & Development) yang mengacu pada langkah-langkah model 4D (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate). Produk pada penelitian ini terdiri dari e-learning fisika, silabus, RPP, LKPD, dan instrumen tes. Pengumpulan data berupa validitas produk diperoleh dari hasil validasi oleh validator ahli dan validator praktisi dengan rentang hasil rata-rata validasi semua produk dari 3.19-3.77 dengan kriteria valid.  kepraktisan produk diperoleh dari lembar angket respon peserta didik setelah mengikuti kegiatan pembelajaran. Persentase hasil penilaian dan analisis data kepraktisan diperoleh nilai 84.87% dengan kriteria cukup praktis. Adapun uji efektivitas produk menggunakan uji N-Gain yang diperoleh dari hasil pretest dan posttest pada uji terbatas. Persentase hasil penilaian dan analisis data uji efektivitas diperoleh peningkatan yang cukup signifikan yaitu 58.13% dengan kriteria cukup efektif. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa e-learning fisika dan perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan valid, praktis dan efektif untuk meningkatkan keterampilan proses sains peserta didik.
Sewa Guna Usaha Strategi Keuangan Bisnis Pariwisata Saat Pandemi
Authors: Susanto Hery , Putra I Nyoman Nugraha Ardana
Published: October 2022

Tourism is the sector down when is its time fixed corona pandemic virus (disease covid-19). This study aims to lease a construction model in business between the lessor and the lessee soil used in the pandemic. An approach used is the qualitative study of cases study design or one case by observation of several different places. His case is other; although observed every year, he added that the focus observation so far is only one case. The data collection technique used is the land owner's lessor (interview), a tenant land, and the lessee, which conducts work relating to leasing business tourism in North Lombok Regency, by triangulation. The analysis method the data used as a method of Miles and Huberman. Research results show that leasing can be a strategy for the decline of the tourism sector due to the economic recession, which is the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Registro fotográfico de plantas visitadas por abelhas - Parte II
Authors: Nascimento Andreia Santos do , Machado Cerilene Santiago , Sodré Geni da Silva , Carvalho Carlos Alfredo Lopes de
Published: October 2022

O e-book “Registro fotográfico de plantas visitadas por abelhas – Parte II” teve como propósito apresentar a continuação dos resultados obtidos, a partir de observações em campo da flora utilizada por abelhas, como publicado no livro anterior “Registro fotográfico de plantas visitadas por abelhas – Parte I”. As fotografias apresentadas neste e-book podem auxiliar na identificação da flora visitada por abelhas, complementando as avaliações palinológicas, inclusive na origem botânica dos produtos da colmeia. Além disso, pode auxiliar também na definição de estratégias de manutenção e ou na ampliação da flora utilizada para o forrageamento das abelhas, contribuindo para a permanência das populações de abelhas em determinadas áreas.