bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Dysfunction in Mood Disorder: Similarities and Differences Between Depression Subtypes
Authors: Kim Ji Sun , Baek Ji Hyun
Published: March 2022

Cognitive dysfunction is common in depression. Depression is heterogeneous conditions that comprise biologically diverse subtypes. This manuscript reviewed the similarities and differences in cognitive function between major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). Relatively few studies have compared the cognitive function in BD and MDD; furthermore, the differences might exist between BD types I and II. The neurobiological background of cognitive impairment in MDD and BD involves structural and functional disturbances in neural circuits, as well as disturbances in the connectivity of cognitive networks. Several clinical factors such as symptom severity, onset age, premorbid IQ, psychotic features, and illness course may influence cognitive dysfunction in depression. To understand the differences between the cognitive dysfunctions of MDD and BD, the aforementioned features should be controlled. Setting a standard of evaluating cognitive functions in various mood disorders will be a critical step for future studies.

[
Psychiatr Ann
. 2022;52(3):100–104.]
Introducing sub-Riemannian and sub-Finsler billiards
Authors: Dahinden Lucas , Pino Álvaro del
Published: March 2022

We define billiards in the context of sub-Finsler Geometry. We provide symplectic and variational (or rather, control theoretical) descriptions of the problem and show that they coincide. We then discuss several phenomena in this setting, including the failure of the reflection law to be well-defined at singular points of the boundary distribution, the appearance of gliding and creeping orbits, and the behavior of reflections at wavefronts.

We then study some concrete tables in \begin{document}$ 3 $\end{document}-dimensional euclidean space endowed with the standard contact structure. These can be interpreted as planar magnetic billiards, of varying magnetic strength, for which the magnetic strength may change under reflection. For each table we provide various results regarding periodic trajectories, gliding orbits, and creeping orbits.
Regularity of almost-minimizers of Hölder-coefficient surface energies
Authors: Simmons David A.
Published: March 2022

We study almost-minimizers of anisotropic surface energies defined by a Hölder continuous matrix of coefficients acting on the unit normal direction to the surface. In this generalization of the Plateau problem, we prove almost-minimizers are locally Hölder continuously differentiable at regular points and give dimension estimates for the size of the singular set. We work in the framework of sets of locally finite perimeter and our proof follows an excess-decay type argument.
Image restoration via Picard's and Mountain-pass Theorems
Authors: Ayadi Souad , Ege Ozgur
Published: March 2022

In this work, we present existence results for some problems which arise in image processing namely image restoration. Our essential tools are Picard's fixed point theorem for a strict contraction and Mountain-pass Theorem for critical point.
Influence of environmental viral load, interpersonal contact and infected rodents on Lassa fever transmission dynamics: Perspectives from fractional-order dynamic modelling
Authors: Ndenda J. P. ,   Department of Mathematics and Statistical Sciences, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Private Bag 016, Palapye, Botswana, Njagarah J. B. H. , Shaw S.
Published: March 2022

Lassa fever is a fatal zoonotic hemorrhagic disease caused by Lassa virus carried by multimammate rats, which are widely spread in West Africa. In this work, a fractional-order model for Lassa fever transmission dynamics is developed and analysed. The model involves transmissions from rodents-to-human, person-to-person, as well as from Lassa virus infested environment/surfaces. The basic properties of the model such as positivity of solutions, and local stability of the disease-free equilibrium are determined. The reproduction number, $ \mathcal{R}_0 $, of the model is determined using the next generation method and it is used to determine the suitable conditions for disease progression as well as its containment. In addition, we performed sensitivity analysis of the model parameters using the Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) scheme to determine the most influential processes on the disease threshold, and determined the key processes to be focused on if the infection is to be curtailed. Moreover, fixed point theory was used to prove the existence and uniqueness of non-trivial solutions of the model. We used the Adams-Bashforth Moulton method to solve the model system numerically for different orders of the fractional derivative. Our results show that using various interventions and control measures such as controlling environmental contamination, reducing rodents-to-humans transmission and interpersonal contact, can significantly help in curbing new infections. Morestill, we observe that an increase in the memory effect, i.e. dependence on future values of the model on the previous states predicts lower peak values of infection cases in the short term, but higher equilibrium values in the long term.
A Comparative Analysis on Cybersickness Reduction Guidelines in VR and IVR Applications for Children Road Safety Education
Authors: Yahaya Nur Sauri , Mutalib Ariffin Abdul , Abdul Salam Sobihatun Nur
Published: March 2022

Nowadays, developing Virtual Reality (VR) and Immersive Virtual Reality (IVR) application is one of the alternative support tools used to support children in learning road safety education. At early stage of VR/IVR application development, cybersickness was one of the main concerns that occur in both non-immersive and immersive environment that include both VR platforms which are Mobile and Tethered. This is because it involves inconsistencies between visual and physical movement in the virtual environment. Thus, the primary concern of this study is to explore and identify appropriate design guidelines in reducing cyber and simulator sickness in developing VR/IVR application for both platforms which employed in previous research. In accordance, 14 studies have been selected for review in a comparative analysis. The findings of this study discuss the appropriate cybersickness reduction design guidelines and principle that applicable and beneficial in the development process of the VR/IVR application and respectively reducing the cybersickness effect
Bilingual Color Learning Application as Alternative Color Learning for Preschool Student
Authors: Istiono Wirawan
Published: March 2022

Color recognition skills for early childhood are very important as a basis for starting other learning, by recognizing colors a child will get the benefits of creative development, development of sensory abilities and other positive benefits. Based on the results of observations that had been done in the kindergarten school that locate in Tangerang, Indonesia, it was found that most children were still often confused or had difficulty distinguishing colors through conventional teaching. In this research, a color recognition application was built in two languages, which aims to help students to recognize color faster. Testing will be carried out using the pretest and posttest methods with the "paired sample t test" method to measure the level of student development before and after using the application, user acceptance testing will also be carried out using UAT to measure the level of user acceptance of the application that had been made. From these evaluation, it was found that the results of the development were quite good with the t-stat results of 8.69 and the user acceptance test results of 86.72%.
Role of Machine Element Applications (MEA) as Interactive Mobile Learning to Support the Implementation of Distance Learning in Machine Element Course
Authors: Nurmalasari Riana , Marsono  , Mahamad Abd Kadir
Published: March 2022

The digital era has accelerated the development of educational media. This enables access to educational activities from any location at any time. Distance education is gaining popularity and flexibility in its implementation. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of MEA applications in machine element learning, specifically in the State University of Malang's D3 Mechanical Engineering Study Program. MEA is an interactive mobile learning platform designed to broaden D3 students' access to sources and learning tools. This is a quantitative descriptive study. The population of this study consisted of 40 students enrolled in D3 Mechanical Engineering at the State University of Malang. The data were gathered through literacy assessments, observations, interviews, and questionnaires. The tool is a questionnaire constructed on the basis of the Likert scale. Instrument testing included validity and reliability checks. The data analysis technique was descriptive analysis. Five conclusions have been drawn as a result of the analysis. First, the MEA application is 78.6% user-friendly. Second, the MEA application is easy to use for the machine element learning process in 82.1% of cases. Third, the MEA application assists the machine element learning process by 75%. Fourth, 89.3% of MEA application technology is suitable for distant education in the machine element course. Fifth, MEA applications improve machine element learning outcomes by 82.1%.
A Novel SNOW3G-M Algorithm and Medical
Authors: M. Zaki Rana , Bahjat Abdul Wahab Hala
Published: March 2022

In the past two years, the demand for the use of mobile networks has increased, due to what the world has been exposed to in the face of the COVID-19 pan-demic and the lack of communication between people. People resorted to using of mobile networks in light of the pandemic, and their importance has appeared in several aspects, such as automotives, media and entertainment, and healthcare. This growing demand for the mobile network led to the actual development of the 4G network in terms of providing the speed of transmission and encryption data to maintain security. In this paper, a new member of the SNOW 3G family was proposed, which is one of the fourth generation algorithms called SNOW 3G-M, which has a higher encryption speed in line with the capacity of modern CPUs and is expected to be a move to the fifth generation communication system in the future. The SNOW 3G-M keystream passes all of the tests for long key stream data, short key stream data, and initialization vector data sets.
A Review of Camera-Trapping Methodology for Eastern Spotted Skunks
Authors: Dukes Casey G. , Jachowski David S. , Harris Stephen N. , Dodd Luke E. , Edelman Andrew J. , LaRose Summer H. , Lonsinger Robert C. , Sasse D. Blake , Allen Maximilian L.
Published: March 2022

Eastern spotted skunks Spilogale putorius are an understudied species that has experienced range-wide declines. Over the past 16 y, camera traps have become an increasingly common tool to monitor and understand their current distribution. To inform best surveying practices, we reviewed 16 camera-trap studies specifically targeting this species. We focused on reported latency to initial detection and three main aspects of study design: seasonality of detections, baits and lures, and camera-trap brands. Latency to initial detection ranged from 1 to 82 d with a mean of 17.1 d (SD = 9.1). Attractants varied among projects, but most (75%) used sardines as bait. The percentage of skunk detections tended to vary across the year, with the highest percentage of skunk detections occurring in March (92%). We conclude by suggesting best practices and directions for future research techniques that will aid in developing more efficient methods to address key knowledge gaps for this elusive species. Given the long timeframes for latency to initial detection, monitoring individual sites for at least 4 wk, with the use of bait, is likely the best strategy to detect eastern spotted skunks. We encourage further experimental approaches on the effectiveness of different baits and lures, and methods to increase latency to initial detection. Collectively, we hope this leads to the development of a standardized monitoring approach that researchers can implement across studies and states within the eastern spotted skunk's range.
Les paysages de l’héritage industriel
Authors: Fluck Pierre
Published: March 2022

Le paysage de l’industrie n’existe plus dans nos mondes occidentaux. Outre sa disparition physique, ruines des architectures et transformations des lieux, c’est tout le spectre de ses dimensions perceptives, celles-là même perçues par nos sens, qui ont quitté la scène. Il nous reste pour nous en rapprocher l’iconographie, qui nous montre l’industrie « en position de vie », ou l’enquête de l’archéologue, chacune exigeant un effort de représentation mentale. Ce paysage est donc un paléopaysage ; ce qui nous en reste, filtré par les effets du temps, peut être qualifié de métapaysage. L’Alsace s’est révélée tout sauf vertueuse dans la gestion de son héritage industriel, se défaisant de pans entiers de sites patrimoniaux. Dans une deuxième partie, nous proposons une typologie des paléopaysages en fonction de trois paramètres qui ont joué un rôle majeur dans les localisations industrielles : la présence d’eau motrice, celle de ressources naturelles (autres que l’eau motrice), celle de concentrations humaines (villages, villes). Un exercice ludique en découle : localiser différents cas d’école régionaux dans une représentation triangulaire. La troisième partie décline des formes représentatives de systèmes paysagers hérités du fait industriel, qu’illustrent divers exemples empruntés à l’histoire de l’Alsace, territoire d’application idoine où étudier ces marques de l’Anthropocène.
Le pays de Pechelbronn
Authors: Schwarz Frank
Published: March 2022

Utilisée depuis le Moyen Âge pour ses vertus curatives et pour le graissage des essieux de véhicules, l’huile asphaltique qui suinte du sous-sol de Pechelbronn est exploitée industriellement dès 1735.Différents types d’exploitation se succèdent et s’additionnent au cours des 220 années d’exploitation du gisement. Celle-ci prend fin en 1962 et la raffinerie cesse toute activité en 1970, ouvrant la voie à la démolition des installations industrielles.Le legs de cette aventure pétrolière reste cependant bien visible et concourt à forger l’identité de ce territoire rural. Les terrils des anciens carreaux dressent leur haute stature aux arêtes caractéristiques dans un paysage de collines au profil ondoyant. Le siège Clemenceau, promis à un nouvel avenir, conserve la majeure partie de ses bâtiments d’exploitation d’une remarquable unité architecturale.Les divers bâtiments d’habitation, caractérisés par la duplication d’un même module, ont puissamment contribué à modifier la trame bâtie traditionnelle de Merkwiller-Pechelbronn. Enfin, si le site de la raffinerie ne conserve que des constructions éparses, le vaste terrain vague laissé par la démolition de ses installations, impose, en creux, sa présence dans le paysage.Cet héritage recèle aussi sa part d’ombre avec les effluents des industries chimiques de la région, déversés jusqu’en 1975 dans les puits désaffectés et les dangers liés à l’instabilité du terrain aux abords des carreaux miniers.
Des vallées du pays ibadite aux littoraux du sultanat : une histoire patrimoniale des manuscrits ibadites omanais
Authors: Baptiste Enki
Published: March 2022

Cet article se penche sur l’histoire de la conservation des manuscrits ibadites à Oman. Nous montrerons que la nahḍa des années 1970 a été un moment de renouveau dans l’édition de sources et dans la promotion de l’histoire d’Oman. Avec la fondation du Ministère du Patrimoine, le sultanat s’est doté d’une institution de référence pour la mise en valeur de son héritage ibadite. Autour du Ministère gravitent d’autres institutions ou fondations pieuses investies dans cette politique de promotion des manuscrits. En revenant sur les différentes nahḍa ibadites, notre texte montre que cette politique d’ouverture promue par le sultanat s’inscrit dans une longue tradition lettrée ibadite dans laquelle des familles ont joué un rôle fondamental. Notre article note en conclusion que cette sultanisation des activités d’édition et de conservation des manuscrits a été rendue possible par une intégration des familles ibadites dans les institutions intellectuelles engagées dans ces politiques de préservation des documents.
Blood group and its correlation with cardiovascular risk factors: A community survey
Authors: Oni Opeyemi O. , Akinwusi Patience O. , Olufemi-Aworinde Kehinde Joyce , Odeyemi Abiona O. , Ajibola Idowu , Israel Oluwaseyi K. , Israel Gbenga M. , Ala Oluwabukola , Akande Joel O. , Aremu Ayodele O. , Durodola Adewumi , Owolabi James I.
Published: March 2022

Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Non-O blood groups have been shown to confer a high risk of coronary heart disease. There is paucity of data on the relationship between blood group and left ventricular hypertrophy, among other cardiovascular risk factors. A community-based study was done to evaluate the blood groups and their associations with conventional cardiovascular risk factors in Ejigbo. Anthropometry, blood pressure and other clinical variables were measured. Blood samples were taken for biochemical analysis for blood group typing, serum cholesterol and triglyceride assay. A 12- lead electrocardiogram was performed. The analysis was done using SPSS version 20 to determine possible relationships between the variables. Two hundred and six cases were recruited and analyzed. The prevalence of the various groups was as follows: A - 23%; B-31.4%; AB-4.4%; O-41.2%; rhesus-positive-92.7% and rhesus-negative-7.3%. Blood group B had similar systolic blood pressure (136.0±23.9 vs 137.3±22.3; p=0.726), higher Sokolow- Lyon voltage sum (3.3±1.1 vs 2.9±0.9; p=0.025) and serum triglycerides [14(21.9%) vs7(8.4%), p=0.021] than those with blood group O. Those with Rhesus Positive status had longer PR interval (169.3±25.4 vs 154.2±19.1; p value=0.055) and QRS duration (83.8±12.8 vs 78.4±7.6; p value=0.043) than those with Rhesus negative blood groups. Binary logistic regression revealed blood group B as an independent determinant of left ventricular hypertrophy( LVH) (OR: 3.028; p=0.012; 95% CI:1.275-7.192). Blood group B is a determinant of LVH. Rhesus positive status is associated with delayed electrical conduction through the myocardium.
Study of factors affecting the performance evaluation of Iranian health centers
Authors: Amrai Firouz , Mahfoozpour Soad , Vahdat Shaghayegh , Hesam Somayeh
Published: March 2022

Organizations urgently need evaluation in order to be aware of the desirability and quality of their activities, especially in complex and dynamic environments. The aim of this study was to determine the effective factors on the performance evaluation of Iranian health centers in 2020. This study was a cross-sectional study conducted on 88 managers, deputies, physicians, and experts working in the headquarters of health deputy and health centers of the township in Ahvaz (Khuzistan province, Southwest of Iran), Lorestan, and Ilam (West of Iran) provinces. We used two questionnaires to collect data. The first included demographic variables and the second was a researcher-designed questionnaire to determine the effective factors on the performance evaluation of health centers. Finally, Univariate and Multivariable Linear Regression model was used for data analysis by SPSS 24 software. The number of men was 50%. The most people were in the age group of 41-45 and 46-50 years with 23.9% and 30.7%, respectively, and the factors of planning was β= 0.122. Resource management β=0.119, combined index (β=0.200), information technology (β=0.132), customer satisfaction (β=0.327), education and empowerment (β=0.191), dealing with the crisis (β=0.344), committees, working groups (β=0.223), research and creativity (β=0.216) were in order the most important predictors of performance evaluation in Iranian health centers. All of the above factors are important predictors for performance evaluation in health centers. Therefore, paying attention to these factors in the performance evaluation of Iranian health centers seems to be necessary.
Trends in the Prevalence of Obesity and Its Phenotypes Based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2007 to 2017 in Korea
Authors: Chin Sang Ouk , Hwang You-Cheol , Ahn Hong-Yup , Jun Ji Eun , Jeong In-Kyung , Ahn Kyu Jeung , Chung Ho Yeon
Published: March 2022

This study used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey IV–VII from 2007 to identify the prevalence of obesity and its phenotypes (metabolically unhealthy obesity [MUO] and metabolically healthy obesity [MHO]) and their secular changes. The prevalence of obesity in Korea increased with significant secular changes observed (β=0.326, P trend <0.01) between 2007 and 2017, and especially in men (β=0.682, P trend <0.001) but not in women. The changes in the prevalence of obesity during the study period were different between men and women (P=0.001). The prevalence of MUO significantly increased only in men (β=0.565, P trend <0.01), while that of MHO increased only in women (β=0.179, P<0.05), especially in the younger age group (β=0.308, P<0.01).
A Comparative Study of Analgesic Efficacy of Intrathecal Bupivacaine with Ketamine Versus Bupivacaine with Magnesium Sulphate in Parturients Undergoing Elective Caesarian Sections
Authors: Alur Jagadish , Korikantimath Vishwajeet V. , Jyoti B. , Sushma K. S. , Mallayyagol Nataraj V.
Published: March 2022

Background and Aims:

Spinal anaesthesia is the most preferred technique of anaesthesia in parturient, undergoing lower segment caesarean sections (LSCS) which provides effective pain relief during intra operative and early postoperative period. However, recent studies demonstrate that about 50%–70% of patients experience moderate to severe pain after LSCS indicating that postoperative pain remains poorly managed. The aim of our study was to compare intrathecal magnesium sulphate (Mgso4) and ketamine as adjuvants to hyperbaric bupivacaine in parturients posted for elective caesarean sections under spinal anaesthesia to determine their effectiveness in extending the duration of analgesia

Materials and Methods:

After institutional ethical committee approval, 82 parturient undergoing elective LSCS were enrolled into the prospective randomized double blinded study. Group BK (n = 41) received intrathecal ketamine (25 mg) as additive to hyperbaric bupivacaine and group BM (n = 41) received magnesium sulphate (75 mg) as additive to hyperbaric bupivacaine. Time of onset of sensory analgesia, motor blockade, duration of analgesia was noted down. Intraoperative hemodynamics and any adverse effects of study drugs were noted.

Results:

The mean duration of analgesia in group BK was significantly longer (P < 0.05) than in Group BM. The onset of sensory and motor blockade was significantly early in Group BK compared to Group BM. Hemodynamics was better maintained in Group BK with less requirement of ephedrine compared to Group BM. The visual analog scale scores were significantly lower without side effects in both the groups.

Conclusion:

The present study demonstrated that the duration, quality of analgesia, hemodynamic stability was better with intra thecal ketamine as an adjuvant to bupivacaine compared to intrathecal MgSo4 without any significant side effects on mother and child.
Comparison of Trocar Site versus Trocar Site Plus Intraperitoneal Instillation of Local Anesthetic for Shoulder Pain Following Laparoscopic Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Lysander Sheerin Sarah , Kumar G. Dilip , Balasubramanian Anusha , Krishnan Rajarajeswaran , Raghuraman M. S. , Narayanan S. Vijay
Published: March 2022

Background:

Laparoscopic surgery in recent times has noteworthy advantages over conventional surgery, yet recovery is prolonged due to debilitating shoulder tip pain (STP) and operated site pain. Various studies have compared the effect of trocar site, intraperitoneal instillation of local anesthetic (LA) for pain relief while only a few studies have tested the combination of these two techniques. Hence, this study was undertaken to compare the combination of these two techniques versus trocar site alone for STP particularly.

Subjects and Methods:

This prospective, randomized, comparative study was conducted on 52 patients who were undergoing laparoscopic abdominal surgery. The patients were allocated into either of the two groups. Group I (n = 26): trocar site infiltration (20 mL) and intraperitoneal instillation (20 mL) of 0.25% levobupivacaine and Group II (n = 26): trocar site infiltration (20 mL) of 0.25% levobupivacaine and saline (20 mL) intraperitoneally. Postoperative STP was the primary outcome while surgical site pain, nausea, and vomiting were secondary outcomes.

Results:

There were no statistically significant differences between the groups with regard to shoulder pain, surgical site pain, total rescue analgesics, and incidence of nausea and vomiting (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

Trocar site infiltration with intraperitoneal instillation of LA or trocar site infiltration alone was found to be equally effective. However, we suggest that it is better to provide a combination of trocar site infiltration plus intraperitoneal instillation of LA if we have to restrict opioid usage such as in day-care surgeries.
Hybrid peripheral nerve sheath tumor of parapharyngeal space having features of neurofibroma and schwannoma in an 8-year-old child – A rare entity
Authors: Chaturvedi Himani Tiwari , Chaturvedi Chandrashekher , Nandy Dipayan Jayanta
Published: March 2022

Tumors of the parapharyngeal space (PPS) are extremely rare inpediatric age group. Out of all head-and-neck neoplasms, PPS tumors comprise only 0.5%. Majority of neoplasms in poststyloid PPS are neurogenic tumors. Conventional benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor (PNST) includes neurofibromas, schwannomas and perineuriomas. Hybrid PNSTs are rare entities having combined features of more than one histologic type, and the World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System, in the latest 2016, 4th edition, has recently recognized and published it. The most common hybrid tumor is schwannoma/perineuroma followed by neurofibroma/schwannoma and neurofibroma/perineuroma. Here, we are reporting a hybrid PNST which was completely excised and having combined features of neurofibroma and schwannoma, confirmed by both histopathologically and immunohistochemically, in an 8-year-old child, in PPS.
Binder's phenotype with ankyloglossia
Authors: Gupta Shalini R. , Rajiv B. , Yadav Anuradha , Sharma Sheetal
Published: March 2022

Binder's syndrome, a rare congenital malformation of nasomaxillary complex, first described in 1962, has a hexad of characteristic clinical and radiographic features consisting of arhinoid face, intermaxillary hypoplasia with malocclusion, abnormal position of nasal bones, atrophy of nasal mucosa, reduced or absent anterior nasal spine and hypoplastic/absent frontal sinus. The typical facies due to mid-face hypoplasia may also be accompanied by other midline malformations such as cleft palate, spinal, skeletal and cardiac abnormalities. It is usually sporadic, of unknown etiology although various environmental and genetic mechanisms are implicated due to few familial cases predominantly in the Swedish population. A case of inherited Binder's syndrome is presented in an Indian female patient with an unusual finding of ankyloglossia (AG). The development of the anterior nasal spine and AG are chronologically related as they both occur during the 5th–6th weeks of gestation. The possible etiopathogenetic mechanisms for this rare association are reviewed.
Spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma in the adult
Authors: Jakkampudi Ashlesha , Kaliyath Sajitha , Hegde Padmaraj , Mathias Michelle , Shetty Vikram
Published: March 2022

Spindle cell/sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is an uncommon type of RMS and has been classified as a separate entity by the WHO in 2013. It affects both children and adults with a greater incidence in males. These tumors can pose a diagnostic challenge and can be difficult to differentiate from other spindle cell malignant tumors in the head and neck. Here, we report a case of spindle cell/sclerosing RMS in a young woman presenting with a swelling on the left side of the face of 3 months duration. A careful correlation with the radiographic images, histopathological findings and immunohistochemistry helped to arrive at a diagnosis.
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma - A common neoplasm at an unusual site, mimicking a benign cyst on cytology
Authors: Sharma Swati , Khan Sadaf , Valiathan Manna
Published: March 2022

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is known to be a relatively common neoplasm of the major and minor salivary glands that can secondarily involve skin. The clinical manifestations, diagnostic cytology and histopathology of MEC presenting as a clinically benign periauricular cystic nodule have been analyzed. The challenge of accurate diagnosis can be illustrated by the fact that initially, on cytology, this tumor was misdiagnosed as a benign epidermal inclusion cyst due to the presence of mucin-filled cells which were misinterpreted as cyst macrophages. This case report emphasizes the need to include parotid tumors in the differential diagnosis of all periauricular cyst-like expansions. We also briefly discuss the reasons for false-positive cytology in this case. Delay in accurate diagnosis may result in larger surgical procedures, such as radical neck dissection, that may otherwise be avoided.
Enamel renal syndrome
Authors: Sharma Ashish , Patel Shubham , Singaraju Sasidhar , Singaraju Medhini
Published: March 2022

Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a developmental, inherited disorder affecting dental enamel. Preterm and low birth weight children are prone to many serious medical problems during the neonatal period, which may affect the development of oral tissues. We report a case of AI presenting with renal disease and thereby highlighting the importance of early diagnosis of this possible association to prevent renal failure and death of the patient.
Bilateral hilar sialoliths in a child
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev , Kumar Sunil , Arya Varun , Bootwala Fatema , Ranganathan Vatsala , Thakker Rishabh , Hameed Aasimah , Saxena Susmita
Published: March 2022

Salivary sialolithiasis is a well-known cause for obstructive disease of the submandibular and parotid glands. However, the condition frequently occurs unilaterally, and it is uncommon to find a patient reporting with stones in both submandibular or parotid glands. Children below the age of 16 years rarely suffer from salivary stones. Thus, bilateral sialoliths in a child are extremely rare, with only four previous cases been reported in the literature. This is an additional case report of bilateral submandibular sialolithiasis occurring in the hilar area in a 13-year-old boy.
Recurrent episodes of angina bullosa hemorrhagica of the tongue
Authors: Nandini D.B. , Pragathi M.S. , Sameeksh B.N. , Deepak B.S.
Published: March 2022

Angina bullosa hemorrhagica is a relatively rare lesion of uncertain etiology affecting the oral cavity and the oropharynx characterized by blood-filled blisters or bullae of varying size. The lesions are sudden in onset, usually asymptomatic and bullae often rupture leaving ulcers which heal without scarring. No specific treatment is usually advised since it is a self-limiting lesion. Rarely, larger lesions in the oropharynx may cause air obstruction and require immediate attention. The clinical presentation of this lesion may cause apprehension to the patient and diagnostic challenge to the clinician since they clinically mimic other serious disorders such as blood disorders and vesiculobullous lesions. An awareness among clinicians is needed to prevent misdiagnosis and unnecessary diagnostic procedures of this distinct entity.
О равномерной устойчивости восстановления функций типа синуса с асимптотически отделенными нулями
Authors: Buterin Sergey A
Published: March 2022

Получена равномерная устойчивость восстановления целых функций
специального вида по их нулям. К такому виду приводятся
характеристические определители
усиленно регулярных дифференциальных операторов и пучков первого
и второго порядков, включая дифференциальные системы
с асимптотически отделенными собственными значениями,
характеристические числа которых лежат на прямой,
содержащей начало координат, и их нелокальных возмущений.
Установлено, что зависимость таких функций
от последовательностей их нулей является липшицевой
в естественных метриках на каждом шаре конечного радиуса.
Результаты указанного типа могут быть использованы при исследовании
равномерной устойчивости обратных спектральных задач. Кроме того,
получены общие теоремы об асимптотике нулей функций данного класса
и об их эквивалентном представлении в виде
бесконечного произведения, которые дают соответствующие утверждения
для многих конкретных операторов.
Библиография: 21 название.
Investigation of an Automated Potting Process for High Volume Insert Assembly in Honeycomb Structures
Authors: Kalscheuer Florian , Müller Tim , Gierecker Johann , Schüppstuhl Thorsten
Published: March 2022

Threaded, potted inserts are commonly used as a standard connecting element for sandwich components, which are used for aircraft interior. Since they often offer the only detachable connection, they are used in very high quantities. To ensure a material bond between the inserts and the honeycomb structure, the joint is filled with adhesive. Despite the high number of inserts, this process is performed manually. Recent research has shown new approaches for automated gripping and placement of the inserts by an industrial robot that yield high potential for cost savings and increased productivity. Automated adhesive insertion, so-called potting, has not been considered so far but is an essential contribution to the full automation of the entire process chain. The amount of adhesive varies depending on the type of insert and its position on the honeycomb structure. During the potting process, it is also mandatory to prevent air inclusions, to fulfill safety requirements in the aviation industry. This paper presents an approach for automated potting to further increase the degree of automation during sandwich panel production. First, the range of insert types is analyzed and the joint geometries are investigated. Based on the derived requirements, an automation concept is introduced and a parameter study is carried out. Optimal parameters are derived which can be used for process control. Finally, the overall process capability is shown and evaluated using a flexible, automated system.
Visualization Techniques for Simulation-Based Dependent Failure Analysis
Authors: Hilton Samuel Mitchell
Published: March 2022

Failure analysis of engineering systems typically emphasizes identification and mitigation under an independent failure assumption with dependent failures treated as the exception rather than the rule. Some frameworks for addressing dependent failures through analysis appear in standards including NUREG 0492, ISO 26262, MIL-1629-A, and ARP4761 amongst others. The purpose of identifying these dependencies is to allow system analysts to determine and quantify the factors that influence dependent fault probabilities. Once identified, failure relationships can be incorporated into a Discrete Event Simulation (DES) of the system, providing a mathematically rigorous estimate of system utility (e.g., availability, reliability). The output of a simulation can provide an expected value of performance but additionally, can also allow the analyst to identify the downstream impact of probabilistic dependencies between system elements. Detailed simulations of complex systems have the potential to generate rich data sets, which once analyzed may aid in the formulation of corrective actions to mitigate any detrimental effects identified from simulated failure dependencies. However, human factors research has demonstrated that effective decision making requires that only the key information is provided to the user, which in turn should be supported through effective data visualization techniques. In this paper, case studies are conducted using automated failure dependency mappings generated using a model-based RAMS software and then simulated using a DES framework. Key mappings and transformations of temporal data from the simulation are then presented along with various supporting visualization techniques that together aim to elevate the situational awareness of analysts when performing complex system evaluation.
Practical Implementation and Associated Challenges of Integrated Torque Limiter
Authors: Ilkhani Mohammad Reza , Syed Shahjahan Ahmad , Connor Peter H. , Vakil Gaurang , Gerada Chris , Rashed Mohamed , Benarous Maamar
Published: March 2022

Evolving of aircraft design towards further electrification requires safe and fault-free operation of all the components. More electric aircraft are increasingly utilizing electro-mechanical actuators (EMA). EMAs are prone to jamming and subsequent failure due to large forces on the shaft. Large forces are generated due to the high reflected inertia of the electric machine rotor. To limit the force acting on the shaft, a torque limiting device is connected to the power train which can separate the rotating mass of the electric machine from the power train.

In this paper, a concept of integration of torque limiter and the electric machine rotor is presented to reduce overall volume and mass. It is connected closely with the rotor, within the motor envelope. A commercially available torque limiter and an electric machine designed for actuator application are used to demonstrate the concept. While essential for safety, the torque limiter adds to the mass and size of the overall EMA. Conventionally, the torque limiter is connected externally to the motor shaft. Key performance requirements of the machine and torque limiter are provided. Structural analysis of the proposed integrated system is carried out to show the viability. Considering the high-speed operation of the motor, rotor dynamic is analyzed to ensure resonant modes are not encountered within operating speed. Mechanical design of the system, considering assembly, is presented. Integration is shown to reduce the overall mass and size of the system compared with a conventional system, as well as better dynamic behavior and higher bearing life.
Suicides and ambient temperature in Switzerland: A nationwide time-series analysis
Authors: Bär Séverine , Bundo Marvin , De Schrijver Evan , Müller Thomas J. , Vicedo-Cabrera Ana Maria
Published: March 2022

AIM OF THE STUDY: Previous literature suggests that ambient temperature may play a role in increasing the risk of suicide. Although in Switzerland suicides are an important cause of death, limited research exists on risk factors for suicidal behaviour, including ambient temperature. We aimed to assess the short-term association between ambient temperature and suicide risk in Switzerland between 1995 and 2016, and the differences by region, individual characteristics and method of suicide.
METHODS: We collected daily data on suicides and mean temperatures in each canton of Switzerland. We used a two-stage approach, consisting of a case time series analysis using conditional quasi-Poisson and distributed lag non-linear models followed by a multivariate meta-regression analysis. We conducted subgroup analyses by sex, age (<35, 35–65 and >65 years) and method of suicide (violent or nonviolent).
RESULTS: Between 1995 and 2016, there were a total of 24,067 suicides in Switzerland. Overall, we found a positive and non-linear temperature–suicide association in all regions. On average, the risk of suicide increased by 34% (1.34 relative risk [95% confidence interval: 1.19–1.52]) from the 10th to the 99th temperature percentile in Switzerland (lag period of 0–2 days). Indications of larger risks were mostly found in females, younger individuals (<35 years) and with nonviolent methods. Regional risks ranged from 24% (East region) to 55% (North-West region).
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that increasing temperatures could be considered a risk factor for suicidal behaviour in Switzerland. Knowledge of the profile of people committing suicide could help us to understand the mechanisms behind this association and thus support policymakers in suicide prevention.
COVİD-19’DA “ÖTEKİNİN ÖTEKİSİ OLMA” ve “BAKIŞTAKİ YOKLUK”: SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARINA YÖNELİK NİTEL BİR ÇALIŞMA
Authors: ÇUBUK Betül , YALÇINKAYA Simge
Published: March 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışma, COVİD-19 tanısının sağlık çalışanlarında “öteki” olma, bakış’taki yokluk ve getirdiği sonuçları ortaya koymak amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Nitel analiz yöntemi olarak Yorumlayıcı Fenomenolojik Analiz tipteki bu çalışmanın örneklemini pandemi hastanelerinde çalışan 21 sağlık çalışanı oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin toplanmasında sosyo-demografik sorular ve yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşme soruları kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırma bulgularında sağlık çalışanlarının COVİD-19 süresinde yaşadıkları ve deneyimlerini aktardıkları söylemler üzerinden öteki olma, bakış’taki yokluk ve bunların sonuçlarının yansımaları olmak üzere üç tema belirlenmiştir. Bu üç üst kategori daha sonra 3 alt kategoriye ayrılmıştır.
Sonuç: Çalışma sonucunda sağlık çalışanlarının tanı almayla birlite ötekinin ötekisi konumunda olduğu, insanlar tarafından bakış’ta yokluk yaşadıkları ve sonucunda psikolojik sorunları daha fazla yaşadığı söylenebilir
Evidencia de exceso de fósforo dietético en lecherías con pastoreo rotacional de gramíneas tropicales.
Authors: Carlos Torres  , Teodoro Ruiz  , Gustavo A. Martínez  , David Sotomayor-Ramírez
Published: March 2022

El balance de fósforo (P) de la finca es de importancia para identificar los puntos críticos de control en la alimentación y manejo del P en las lecherías. En este estudio, los balances de masa de P en catorce lecherías se construyeron basándose en los datos de producción y manejo de cada finca evaluada. La carga animal fluctuó entre 1.2 y 27.5 unidades animal (UA, 454.5 kg), con una media de 7.5. La amplitud observada en la concentración de P dietético fue entre 5.02 y 7.24 g P/kg de materia seca consumida (MSC), con una media de 6.16. Estas concentraciones de P fueron 87% mayores que las recomendadas por el Consejo Nacional de Investigación (NRC), de 3.4 g P/kg MSC. Las altas concentraciones de P no fueron asociadas a una mayor producción de leche P > 0.05). La concentración de P en las heces fecales fue de 13.2 g/kg, un valor alto que, inesperadamente, no estuvo relacionado con la concentración dietética o con el consumo total de P. Los estimados de excreción anual total de P fluctuaron entre 23.9 y 36.9, con una media de 30.3 kg/vaca. Estos niveles de excreción fueron 55% mayores que los esperados basándose en las recomendaciones de P para mantenimiento y producción de leche. Los niveles de P en el suelo (Olsen) indican que 87% de los predios que recibieron aplicación de agua de charca de oxidación (desperdicios fecales) excedieron los niveles agronómicos críticos de 35 mg/kg. El balance de masa de P en la finca indicó excedentes anuales de P que fluctuaron entre 15.0 y 472.9 kg/ha, con una media de 156.2. Reducciones en la concentración de P en la dieta y en la cantidad de P aplicado en el fertilizante inorgánico y la implementación de mejores prácticas de manejo tendrán el mayor y más rápido efecto para controlar el exceso de P en las lecherías de Puerto Rico. Estas medidas contribuirán a la optimización del uso del P para lograr la producción sustentable de leche y mantener buena calidad de las aguas superficiales.
MONITORING PHAKOPSORA RUST IN PUERTO RICO
Authors: Consuelo Estévez de Jensen  , Gail Wisler  , Carrie Harmon  , Byron Vega  , Diego Viteri  , José Hernández
Published: March 2022

MONITORING PHAKOPSORA RUST IN PUERTO RICO
Terrestrial Biomass and Carbon Stock in Broad-leaved Forests of Punakha District, Western Bhutan
Authors: Tshering S. , Rinzin P.
Published: March 2022

The present study assessed the terrestrial biomass of broad-leaved forests to determine the carbon storage potential of each tree species in Punakha. The assessment was based on a woody stem having a minimum of 10 cm diameter at breast height (DBH) and tree height. Biomass was estimated using volumetric equations and carbon stock by multiplying the constant factor 0.5 to biomass. The study covered 41 sampling plots of 31.62 m × 31.62 m and recorded a total of 24 tree species. Total biomass was 274.68 Mg.ha-1 with AGTB 196.36 Mg.ha-1, BGTB 51.07 Mg.ha-1 and DOM 27.22 Mg.ha-1. The total carbon stock estimated was 137.34 MgC.ha-1. The present study used a non-destructive approach to assess the carbon storage potential of each broad-leaved tree species and concludes that Punakha broad-leaved forest has the potential to accumulate more biomass and carbon stock, as DBH class-wise biomass and carbon distribution showed right-skewed trend indicating young forest stands.
Preparation, Characterization and Application of Sulphuric Acid-Treated Soursop (Annona muricata L.) Seeds Powder in the Adsorption of Cu(II) Ions
Authors: Megat Hanafiah Megat Ahmad Kamal , Abu Bakar Nurul Amira , Al-Amrani Waheeba A.
Published: March 2022

This work presented the adsorption of Cu(II) ions using agriculture waste coming from soursop (Annona muricata L.) seeds. The chemical treatment performed on Annona muricata L. seeds was carried out using 1.0 M H2SO4 solutions. The Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscope coupled with energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), pH of point-zero-charge (pHPZC), and pHslurry analyses were done to characterize the surface properties of the adsorbent. Experimental conditions such as contact time, adsorbent dosage, pH, and initial Cu(II) ion concentrations, all of which could affect Cu(II) ions adsorption, were studied. The adsorption kinetics was successfully described by the pseudo-second-order model. The Langmuir and Freundlich models were applied to interpret the Cu(II) ions’ adsorption at equilibrium. The isotherm data fitted well with the Freundlich model and the maximum adsorption capacity was 187.83 mg.g-1 based on the Langmuir model.
Analysis of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution in Henan Province (China) from the Perspective of Time and Space
Authors: Chang Aping , Qiong Hua , Binguo Zheng
Published: March 2022

Henan is China’s most populous agricultural province. Wheat, cotton, oil crops, and other farming and animal husbandry industries rank first in China in terms of output value. The agricultural sector has grown significantly, and rural populations’ living standards have greatly improved. The effects of rural urbanization can be seen all over the place. However, the rural economy’s rapid growth has resulted in a slew of environmental contamination issues. Chemical fertilizer emissions of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen (TN) have been decreasing for a long time in Henan Province, whereas total phosphorus (TP) emissions are increasing. The usage load of pesticides went high in Zhoukou, Nanyang, Shangqiu, Xinyang, Xinxiang, and Zhumadian. The application of agricultural film was relatively common in Nanyang, Zhoukou, Anyang, Xinyang, Zhumadian, Kaifeng, and Shangqiu. Wheat, corn, and oil-bearing crop stalks are the main sources of crop solid waste in Henan Province, and the solid waste generated by these three crops accounted for 93.96% of the province’s total amount. In Zhumadian, Zhoukou, Nanyang, and Shangqiu, there was a lot of crop stalk trash.