bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study in the Application of PSIM Software in the Teaching of Curriculums Related to the New Energy Power Generation
Authors: Li Hong Wei , Chen Gui
Published: July 2014

In view of the teaching requirements of the new curriculums about new energy power generation technology in electrical engineering field, this paper has proposed and designed a rated 3kW wind power system under the environment of PSIM9.0 software. Through systematically analyzing the mathematics and theory knowledge of the small and medium sized permanent-magnet direct-drive wind power system (PDWPS for short), the wind power system model has been built and the back-to-back double-PWM control circuit has been designed. Then the whole PDWPS has been established based on PSIM. The simulation results show that, when the wind speed changes, the output power of the generator is stable and the DC voltage of the inverter is constant. The results prove that the control strategy is correct and valid. As a powerful auxiliary teaching tool, PSIM can be used to strengthen student's understanding of theoretical knowledge and improve the students' learning interest and enthusiasm. The contents in this paper provide a new method to the teaching and practice in electrical engineering courses.
The Criticality Safety Analysis of the Spent Fuel Storage Pool Area I in Small Modular Reactor
Authors: Han Xiang Zhen , You Guo Shun
Published: July 2014

Based on the Monte Carlo calculation method, geometric model of spent fuel storage pool Area I of small modular reactor is established, assuming infinite 6×6 type storage racks. Calculation results show that the reactivity is maximal when the water density is 1.0g/cm3. The value of keff is 0.8729 in normal storage condition. The spacing of storage racks in spent fuel pool would change in an earthquake accident condition. The values of reactivity of spent fuel pool in the assumed earthquake accident condition are also calculated. The values of keff are between 0.872 and 0.876. Both in normal condition and assumed earthquake accident condition, the values of keff are less than 0.95, to meet nuclear safety regulatory requirements.
Electrodeposition of ZnO Thin Films on a Flexible Conductive Substrates
Authors: Wang He , Chen Yong Jian , Xu Feng , Cui Hai Ning , Marí Bernabé , Mollar Miguel , Wang Rong
Published: July 2014

Since transparent conducting oxides can be as a buttom layer of complex film electrodes, electrodeposition technique may produce ZnO films depending on variety conditions and modified surface layers of substrates in electrochemical procedures. Here we invested the structure and morphologies of ZnO films by using modified surface of the substrate-ZnO/ITO/polymer-PEN and ZnO doped Ga/ ITO/polymer-PEN.
The Central Air-Conditioning Energy Saving System
Authors: Feng Zheng Qian , Pan Chong Chao
Published: July 2014

At present most of the research is aimed at the end of the central air conditioning equipment, not considering the inner link between each component of the central air conditioning. In order to achieve economic operation of equipment and systems, to maximize energy saving of central air conditioning, we designed and implemented a monitoring system analysis which considered in the system more equipments linkage, multi parameter coupling, and a variety of factor. It collected energy consumption data of each device, to get the system running in typical operating conditions of the system by simulating the optimal process parameters and guide debugging critical control equipment.
Equilibrium Analysis on Sulfur Material in Oxyfuel Combustion
Authors: Xiao Hai Ping , Han Gao Yan , Dai Yu Kun , Dong Lin
Published: July 2014

To study migration and transformation of sulfur species in oxyfuel combustion, the study attempts to analyze distribution of sulfur compounds with thermodynamic equilibrium. Results show that sulfur-containing gases predominantly are SO2 and SO3, the maximum thermodynamic equilibrium concentration of those in oxyfuel combustion respectively increase by 3.4 and 4.5 times compared with the conventional combustion. Furthermore, SO2 gas formation rate decreases while SO3 increases under oxyfuel combustion. Sulfur-containing gases are generally more sensitive to temperature and excess air coefficient. The amount of sulfur compounds significantly increases in oxyfuel combustion.
Research on the Workshop Structures of Aluminum Potroom on High Temperature Condition
Authors: Sun Bo , Ding Tao , Li Yi Ming , Zhao Qian Bo , Zhao Ming Xiao
Published: July 2014

This paper aims to eliminate the danger of high temperature in the aluminum potroom by natural ventilation. According to the history of aluminum potroom, two different workshop structures are proposed to improve the natural ventilation effect. The first structure is called the inner-partition potroom, which contains blind grilles located at certain distance from the two sides of electrolytic cell. The second structure, called the large-opening potroom, directly set up a large opening on the outer wall of aluminum potroom. Two structures are compared with the aid of CFD simulation, and the physical model is established based on the field measurement. The velocity and temperature fields are simulated under three different outdoor conditions. By the comparative analysis of temperatures on the electrolytic cell and operating area, this paper indicates the large-opening potroom has better performance on high temperature condition.
Research on the Dynamic Characteristics of Strain Tower in Heavy Icing Area Based on SAP2000
Authors: Wang Shi Long , Lin Qi Xiang , Qian Ying
Published: July 2014

This paper is a further analysis of the strain tower on 1YD - JC4.After making a static analysis of 1YD - JC4 strain tower,we select the best offset point and make a dynamic analysis of it.Based on the finite element analysis software SAP2000, we set up a three-dimensional model of 1YD - JC4 strain tower of 110kv about heavy icing area,and then obtain the first six modal frequencies after making a dynamic analysis . We then draw the response spectrum curve.in the end, we select the safe and economic value of damping according to the curve.
Three-Dimensional Wind Field Simulation on the Two Typical Roofs of the Building
Authors: Liu Shu Qin , Bian Zhong Guo , Cai Yuan Bo , Zhao Fang
Published: July 2014

Wind energy utilization in the building environment has the advantage that it can avoid transporting effectively, especially it has important significance for residents without electricity. This paper mainly analyzed the basic situation of three-dimensional wind field around the buildings with the theoretical analysis and CFD numerical simulation method. By simulating the wind with different directions and different speeds, the characteristics of the wind field around single flat and pitched roof building are analyzed.
Application of PSO in the Optimization of Nuclear Power Unit’s Heat Regenerative System
Authors: Fu Wen Feng , Li Fe , Zhou Lan Xin
Published: July 2014

Based on theoretical deduction, according to the characteristics of nuclear power unit, a universal heat economic framework for PWR nuclear power plant heat regenerative system was established. And on this basis, the cycle thermal efficiency was chosen as the optimization goal, the extraction steam pressures were chosen as optimization variables, a universal nuclear power unit regenerative system optimization model was established. A 900 MW nuclear power unit was taken for example, it’s the first time that AWPSO was applied to optimize the regenerative heat system of nuclear power unit. The result shows that the convergence ability and search performance of PSO are superior to other methods and the original design scheme. A new and convenient design is provided for PWR nuclear power plant heat regenerative system in this paper.
Petrological, Geochronological and Geochemical Constraints on Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Applications
Authors: Wang An Dong , Sun Zhan Xue , Hu Bao Qun , Liu Jin Hui , Wan Jian Jun
Published: July 2014

In the past forty years, the investigation on Hot Dry Rock (HDR) geothermal resource has been a hot topic. A great number of investigations confirm that electricity power generated from HDR is feasible and propose that a right HDR site is composed of basement rock and its overlying cover. In the present study, we explore the petrology, geochronology and geochemistry features of the HDR basement rocks with the aim to further optimize HDR siting conditions. Combined analyses show that young S-type or crustally-derived granites with high U, Th and K contents have great potential to develop HDR geothermal resources.
Study on the Feasibility of SRV in Coal Reservoir
Authors: Cheng Lin Lin , Cheng Yuan Fang , Chen Chong , Zhu Dong Feng , Deng Wen Biao
Published: July 2014

In our country there is plenty of CBM (coalbed methane), but the state of CBM itself, unique output mechanism and low saturation, low permeability, low reservoir pressure and high gas content, et al. determine the low efficiency of it, so in order to improve CBM recovery, combined with the successful experience of north American shale gas reservoir by SRV(stimulated reservoir volume), the writer summarizes the implementation of SRV, deeply analyzes effectiveness and limitations of this new technology in CBM development. The results of practical research and theoretical analysis show that SRV in the coal reservoir can achieve the desired effect on the condition that there are great quantity of natural fractures, joints and bedding, weak structure surface development in the reservoir, the rock brittleness index is greater than 40 and horizontal principal stress difference is relatively smaller. Finally, simulating a well’s condition by the MEYER software, the result shows that SRV is feasible in coal reservoir, which will create important guiding significance and practical value for the exploration of CBM.
Effects of Thermal Discharge from Nuclear Power Plant on Phytoplankton
Authors: Wei Xin Yu , Wei Guo Liang , Xiong Xiao Wei
Published: July 2014

Elevated water temperatures are the major threats from thermal discharges of coastal power plants. The effects of thermal discharge from power plant on phytoplankton were reviewed. With increasing amount of nuclear power plants in China, The effects of thermal discharge from a nuclear power plant on phytoplankton were investigated. Several results and suggestions were proposed.
Factors Affecting Mercury Oxidation by SCR Catalysts
Authors: Du Wen , Yin Li Bao , Zhuo Yu Qun , Xu Qi Sheng , Zhang Liang , Chen Chang He
Published: July 2014

The application of selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system may affect mercury speciation in coal-combustion flue gas. The factors affecting mercury oxidation efficiency by SCR catalysts have been evaluated in this research. The influencing factors investigated included hydrogen chloride (HCl), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ammonia (NH3) injection rate and space velocity. HCl had been found to promote mercury oxidation significantly. The Eley-Rideal mechanism was proven to be suitable to explain the reaction of Hg0 and HCl. NH3 injection had a strong negative effect to mercury oxidation. The deactivation of aged SCR catalysts was mainly due to loss of active sites.
Recent Review of Gas Hydrate Sediments Mechanics Behavior
Authors: Lu Jing Sheng , Li Dong Liang , Liang De Qing
Published: July 2014

The purpose of this review paper is to summarize the recent research in mechanics behavior of hydrate bearing sediments (HBS). The paper will discuss recent research of the laboratories mechanics test with analysis on HBS and numerical simulation on mechanics behavior of HBS.
The Experience & Enlightenment from Low-Cost Strategy of Shale Gas Development in America
Authors: Xu Dong , Wang Ling Bi , Zhao Hong Xiang , Hu Su
Published: July 2014

The experience of shale gas low-cost development in America provided production organization and management methods including horizontal well drilling, cluster well drilling, pad drilling, batch drilling, factory drilling, and reservoir volume fracturing. The policy of finance and taxation has played a positive role in promoting and encouraging shale gas development. The development of shale gas in China is different from America in sides of resource features, development process, the technical levels and the policy environment. We should learn from the technical means, management method and encouraging fiscal and financial policy of low-cost development strategy of America, study and formulate policy suitable to China's own characteristics, to promote low-cost development of shale gas.
Classification of Surrounding Rock of Bolt Supported in Coal Mine Roadway
Authors: Han Feng Shan , Song Li
Published: July 2014

Classification of Surrounding rock of roadway of Coal mine bolt supporting is the basis of bolting design, To scientifically design coal roadway bolting, classification of surrounding rock of coal roadway bolting must first be carry out. in this paper, the comprehensive application of knowledge engineering, rock mechanics, we developed the surrounding rock classification system for the bolt support of coal mine roadway engineering, the surrounding rock classification system is practical easy to use, the bolt supporting of roadway surrounding rock classification results to the coal mine roadway bolt support has important significance and practical value.
Design of Heavy Medium Separation Density Control System Based on PLC
Authors: Zhang Jie , Xing Man Rong , Li Wen Jie
Published: July 2014

Paper in view of the dense medium coal preparation process control, carefully study the density of heavy medium coal preparation control system of the internal structure, main characteristics, control laws and the design method. Open field bus control structure is adopted in the system, Siemens S7-300 programmable controller is responsible for control, executing agencies responsible for enforcing the orders of the PLC to control the related parameters. Through the practice, this control system is powerful, easy to operate, reliable performance, has certain theoretical significance and practical application value.
A Numerical Method for Ge-Profile of Microwave Power Device Based on Si/Si1-x/Si
Authors: Zhou Shao Hua , Xiong Qi , Zeng Jiang Ping
Published: July 2014

A double-mesa hetero-junction bipolar structure of NPN type microwave power device is used. The Si is chosen for emitter and collector, and Si1-xGexalloy is for base. Based on some experiment data, a numerical method is used to get an equation about forbidden band Egvia the variety composition of Ge at 300K using MATLAB, which is more precise than linearization. We also calculate the collector current density JCvia the variety of VBEand the obtained equation is consistent with the experiment result. An optimum Ge composition value was found. It has practical significance for the device design and simulation.
A New Purification Method for Rotor Center’s Orbit by Using Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition
Authors: Zhang Wen Bin , Zhu Jia Xing , Pu Ya Song , Su Yan Ping
Published: July 2014

. Aiming at the purification of rotor center’s orbit, a new approach was presented by using ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD). Ensemble empirical mode decomposition decomposed a complicated signal into a series of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). Then according to prior knowledge of rotating machinery, chose some interested IMFs and reconstructed the needed signal. By doing this the noises would be eliminated successfully. At last the purification of rotor center’s orbit was obtained by extracting the useful signal component. Simulation and practical results show the advantage of EEMD in noise de-noising and purification of rotor center’s orbit. This method also has simple algorithm and high calculating speed; it provides a new way for purification of rotor center’s orbit of rotating machinery.
An Experiment and Simulation Study on Performance of Finned Tube Condenser
Authors: Qin Hai Jie , Zhu Wei Ying , Li Wei Zhong
Published: July 2014

In this paper, a finned tube condenser performance test platform by using hot water as heat transfer medium in the pipe was established. The air side correlations of pressure drop and heat transfer were acquired based on lots of testing datas.A segment by segment model of the finned tube condenser used in these correlations was proposed and a simulation program was developed by using Visual C++ programming tools. Experiment and simulation results show that the air side correlations of pressure drop and heat transfer are fitting well with experimental datas. The deviation between the experimental and calculated values is within ±5%.The deviation of Nu Number is within ±10% and the deviation of the pressure loss is within±15%.
Analysis of Pipe Structure Stress Affected by Double Corrosion Points
Authors: Wang Xin , Wang Jia , Liu Xin , Zhao Guo Liang , Wang Wen Jing , Wu Di
Published: July 2014

Currently, corrosion of offshore crane booms is serious and badly affects equipment performance and working safety. Obviously, analysis of the corrosion is necessary. In this paper, as an actual case, the boom FEM of 320t pipe-laying crane is built to analyze its double points corrosion based on analysis of single point corrosion. By analyzing stress concentration and stress distribution of different distance for double corroded points, which can be axially arranged or circularly arranged, we try to obtain some affected trends.
Dynamic Characteristic Analysis of the Internal Combustion Air Compressor
Authors: Zhang Sheng Tong , Zhang Ji Zhong , Zhao Mei , Cheng Lian Jun , Zhang Ning
Published: July 2014

By applying the seamless data interface between SolidWorks and ADAMS, the model of the internal combustion compressor was imported. The internal combustion compressor virtual prototype model was established, the kinematics and dynamics analysis were completed, and the dynamic load on crankshaft was given. After we use finite element analysis software ANSYS, the modal analysis of crankshaft were accomplished, the modes of vibration and response frequency in the first five orders were obtained. The mixed body dynamics model was established, and the crankshaft force curves under the rigid body and flexible body morphology were obtained.
Experimental Study on Emission Characteristics of Methanol Gasoline in the GW491QE Engine
Authors: Wu Ze Xu , Wang Yin Shan
Published: July 2014

M10, M15, M50 methanol gasoline and 93 # gasoline engine emission performance test were researched on the engine GW491QE. Always stayed in 60 N·m torque and rotational speed increased from 1000 r/min to 3000 r/min, recorded the corresponding data, performance, emission performance curve was drawn respectively, comparison and analysis, the influencing factors of GW491QE engine emission performance were discussed, practical application on engine GW491QE suitable blending ratio of methanol gasoline was chosen. The experimental results show that: three kinds of methanol gasoline of HC emissions is lower, M15 improvement is most obvious; NOx emissions are reduced. GW491QE engine emission performance is taken into account, M15 methanol gasoline is a good proportion of the actual application.
SOC Estimation on PNGV Model and Hybrid Electric Vehicle
Authors: Xu Jun Ling , Li Li Wei , Jiang An Na
Published: July 2014

Based on PNGV (the Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles) equivalent battery model, establishing state-space equations, discrediting them and using UKF (Unsvented Kalman Filtering) arithmetic to achieve an exact SOC estimation under the non-linear condition. According to simulation experiment, UKF estimation just has an error rate of less than 6 percent, and has a quite high use value.
Concept of Limited Corrosion Dew Point for Coal-Fired Boiler and Experimental Research
Authors: Chen Bao Kui , Sun Feng Zhong
Published: July 2014

Inadequacy was discussed of using acid dew point temperature (ADT) as safe low limitation of exhaust gas temperature on the background of waste heat deep utilization of flue gases. Concept of limited corrosion dew point (LCT) was presented based on corrosion property of ordinary carbon steel and binary phase equilibrium of H2SO4-H2O system,. Calculation formula of LCT was solved by establishing fugacity equation of H2O with a fixed concentration and constant pressure. The results show that LCT lies during 68-84°C when volume percentage of H2O vapor varies from 6-12% which is in line with that of exhaust gas of boiler. The maximum relative error of the calculated data is 1.43% in contrast to reported data. Ordinary carbon steel in contact with flue gas with its surface temperature above LCT will not occur obvious corrosion and wet soot deposition through observation of experiment on site. It is available for exhaust gas temperature to decline below ADT but above LCT in process of deep utilization of waste heat of flue gas.
Experimental Research on Ice Accretion Characteristic of Energy-Saving Conductor
Authors: Huang Han Jie , Jin Hua , Huang Zhi Xiang , Li Xin Min
Published: July 2014

New type of energy-saving conductor which can obviously reduce the transmission losses was recently developed in power project. However, considering ice-coating and galloping in winter, it is necessary to investigate its ice accretion characteristic compared with conventional conductor. Research was conducted by icing wind tunnel test. Ice mass and ice shape of conductor with different diameter were examined. There is no clear advantage on the ice-coating resistance capability of energy-saving conductor with small diameter, while for conductor with larger diameter, energy-saving conductor’s ice-coating resistance capability is better than conventional conductor. The test result is helpful for choosing suitable type of large diameter conductor in high and ultra-high voltage transmission project.
Influence of Gas-Gas Heater on Wet Flue Gas Desulfuration
Authors: Xiao Hai Ping , Dong Lin , Han Gao Yan , Ning Xiang
Published: July 2014

Material balance calculation was adopted to a wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) system for exploring impacts of gas-gas heater (GGH). Effects of GGH on flue and water consumption were analyzed. Results showed that inlet flue temperature of desulfurization tower reduced by 3.4 °C at 100% load after installation of GGH. Exhausted gas temperature of system increased by 34.9°C. The heat release of original flue in desulfurization tower reduced by 43.72%. Plume rise height was significantly improved. Water evaporation in desulfurization tower declined by 42.07%.Amount of addendum water reduced by 39.06%, and water vapor carried by flue decreased by 19.78% at the outlet of WFGD. Therefore, operation condition of flue emission is improved and water consumption decreases with GGH.
Power Transformer Core Column Section Optimization Model and Design
Authors: Qu Zi Hang , Tang Bo , Chen Bin , Li Yu , Peng You Xian
Published: July 2014

The progression of power transformer core is usually determined by the core diameter and the width and thickness of the silicon-steel sheet is determined by the graphing method. Therefore, coil section can’t be fully utilized. To analyze the manufacturing characteristics of power transformer core columns from the performance and material savings and the nonlinear integer regression programming model is established. Taking the circumscribed circle diameter is 800mm, progression equal to 17 as an example. The optimized design of column section is solved by using the MATLAB. The results show that the optimized design can increase the cross-section fill factor by 3.8% and the diameter of the core columns larger, the optimization results better.
Study on 110kV Composite Material Transmission Poles and Towers
Authors: Qin Yan , Wang Yan Hai , Hai Long , Li Yu Feng , Feng Yao
Published: July 2014

Traditional transmission line poles and towers have many problems, such as higher corrosion, heavy weight, poor durability and maintenance cost is high. Use of fiber reinforced polymer composites (FRP), based on the theory of poles and towers design, 110 kV FRP pole structure size parameters are calculated, designed the 110 kV FRP pole structure, cross section form and wire grounding scheme. Design results show that compared with traditional pole, 110 kV FRP pole has the characteristics of compact structure, small occupied line corridors.
The Study on the SIT Technology of Subsea ILM
Authors: Zhao Xiao Lei , Wu Zhi Xing , Chu Le Ping , Guo Xing Wei , Chen Jin Yu
Published: July 2014

With the development of offshore oil and gas field enters into deep water constantly, subsea production system has become the main development mode in deep water development. Subsea Inline manifold (ILM) is common facilities in subsea production system and is used to gather oil and gas from the side subsea wells. Two subsea ILMs has been adopted in Panyu 35-1/35-2 Gas field with water depth range from 194 to 338 m in South China Sea. System integration test (SIT) is very important for the subsea production facilities. This paper states the flow chart, master equipment, purpose and precautions for each test of ILM SIT, which collects great technology for the development of subsea production system.
Application of Biomass Burning Stove in the Greenhouse Environment
Authors: Cui Shuang , Xue Zhi Ping , Liu Qing Yu , Zhu Ying Yu , Zhao Bao Quan
Published: July 2014

According to the demands of greenhouse environmental conditions, this paper examines a solid fuel burning stove applied to compression molding of biomass in order to solve the issues which temperature is too low in greenhouses in winter north of China and carbon dioxide concentration is too low caused by insufficient ventilation number. The burning stove designed with big furnace, no grate and recalculated secondary air. Fuel utilization was improved in the largest degree in this design. Feed amount, feed rate and time are controlled by the PLC system which is adopted to make fuel fully burning, low pollution emissions and more automation. The temperature field and gas flow field changes is simulated by the FLUENT. The temperature of various sections and the formation of nitrogen oxides is reduced by the special design when burning. Experiment shows that sulfur dioxide concentration is about 0.41mg/m3, nitrogen dioxide is about 0.498mg/m3 which have no effect in growth and development of crops. This paper provides theoretic guidance for improving greenhouse conditions.
Research on Destruction and Preventive Measures of Geological Disasters Damage on Transmission Lines in the Seismically Active Belt
Authors: Fan Yu , Wang Xing , Zhu Guo Guang , Li Xiu Qing
Published: July 2014

In the seismically active belt, frequent landslides, debris flow, avalanches, rock and soil creep and uneven ground subsidence and other geological disasters regularly cause risk to transmission lines, and even risk the safe operation of the power network. The main reasons of geological disasters occur are: fragile geological environment, heavy rain, the foundation defect, the destruction of vegetation, artificial spoil, unauthorized mining etc. Transmission line route optimization design, suitable use of the new technology in construction and technical innovations are effective measures to prevent geological disasters.
The Analysis of the Effect of Fouling on the Performance of the Fill Layer
Authors: Bai Lu Ping , Zhang Li , Lu Xiao Feng
Published: July 2014

Based on that the film filling was simplified to the flat plate model, the heat and mass transfer of the filling zone with fouling in cooling tower were analyzed. The effect of fouling on the performance of filler was analyzed according to the dirt growth model. The work done in this paper can simply forecast changes in cooling tower performance caused by the filler fouling. It will lay a theoretical foundation for accurately calculating the performance coefficient of filler. And it is helpful to solving the problem of no the ripe empirical formula of filler performance with fouling for engineering applications.
Analysis the Influence Law of Process Parameters on the Deposition Rate of SiC Thin Film
Authors: Xiao Qi Ming , Xu Bin , Xu Jian Feng
Published: July 2014

Based on chemical vapor deposition (CVD) reaction and numerical analysis of the transmission process, analysis the influence law of the process parameters has been conducted for silicon carbide thin film. A detailed analysis on impact of the chamber pressure, substrate temperature and inlet flow has been realized through the use of CFD and chemical reactions software, coupling fluid flow, chemical reactions and mass transfer process in the deposition of SiC thin film. The result of simulation fully proved that the process parameters have different influence law, especially the chamber pressure.
Research on Preparation and Properties of Antiwear and Anticorrosion Composite Coating Ni-P-SiC
Authors: Li Ya Min , Zhang Xing , Wang Amin , Liu Hong Jun
Published: July 2014

Ni-P-SiC composite coatings on the surface of ZL102 aluminum alloy were prepared by direct electroless plating. The structure and morphology of the coatings after heat treatment at 400 °C for 1 hour were analyzed by XRD and SEM. The bonding strength, hardness, corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the coatings were tested. The results show that the coatings structure is crystalline and the main crystal phase is Ni3P. The SiC particles are evenly distributed in the coatings. The coatings have uniform thickness, high bonding strength and high micro hardness (up to 1395.28 HV.2). It is also shown that the substrate corrosion resistance and wear resistance can be considerably improved after electroless plating.
Effect of Continuous Heating on Grain Growth in Fe-40Ni-Ti Alloy
Authors: Yuan Shao Qiang , Yang Yue Hui , Wang Zhen Liang
Published: July 2014

The grain growth of Fe-40Ni-Ti alloy was investigated by means of metallographic observation during continuous heating. The experimental results indicate that: the microstructures consist of multi-polygon austenite. No transformation happens of tested alloy during heating only the grain size increases gradually. The size of grain grows steadily below 1160°C until 1200°C, the grain size growth unusually. The process of grain growth has relations with the dissolving of TiN particles. Finally, the mathematical model of grain growth in continuous heating process was obtained for the tested alloy.
The Research on Grind Coefficient of Stainless Steel on Inverse Analysis for Prediction
Authors: Liu Zhan Jun
Published: July 2014

The theory and flow chart of inverse analysis arithmetic is based. The way of axile symmetry constringent and ring constringent test is introduced into optimization model and goal function , the goal is attained that inverse analysis of stainless steel is confirmed with grind and flowing vary coefficient, and that grind gene is confirmed with different plastic mock equipment. The result is proved that subdued stress of inverse analysis attained is treated as true subdued stress , the accuracy prediction of grind coefficient of ring constringent test on inverse analysis is obtained.
Study on the Microstructure Control and the Variation of Mechanical Properties of Pearlitic Steel
Authors: Li Lun You , Liang Yu , Wei Ze Min , Xiong Hu
Published: July 2014

The effect of austenitizing temperatures and isothermal transformation temperatures on microstructure size and mechanical properties of 70 steel was studied. The experimental results show that the grain size increases with the increasing of austenitizing temperature. And the tensile strength increased with isothermal temperature decreasing. The grain size has a great influence on tensile strength. The strength increase of the samples with fine grain is greater than the samples with coarse grain. With the decreasing of isothermal temperature, the pearlite colony size and interlamellar spacing decreases and the reduction of area of the specimens increase.
A Novel Technique for Monitoring the W-Beam Guardrails
Authors: Guerrieri Marco , Corriere Ferdinando
Published: July 2014

The paper addresses the problem of the measurement of guardrails’ deformations by means automatic analysis of optical images. The technique is founded on the analysis of high-resolution photos, obtained by means of 3D camera installed into a data vehicle. The novel methodology has been used to calculate the longitudinal safety barrier deformations for one W-beam guardrails installed along a rural road in Italy. The procedure has shown that digital image analysis can be used with the aim to monitoring guardrails and, therefore, for guarantee reasonable levels of protection against serious ran-off-road crashes.
Prediction Bond Strength between FRP and Concrete Interface by LEFM Method
Authors: Tong Gu Sheng , Chen Shen Shen
Published: July 2014

To evaluate the interface strength of externally bonded fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites to concrete structures, the method of the Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanic (LEFM) model is simply used. The parameters defining the material properties, describing bond action of the FRP-concrete interface is used , which was got recently by Obaidat from three-dimensional (3D) finite-element simulation results. Both the fracture energy and shear strength of the interface are determined by a function of concrete compressive strength and the adhesive shear stiffness, the maximum transferable load is predicted by LEFM interface bond-slip model. Comparison between the predicted and the experiment results shows good agreement and a certain degree of safe estimation.
Research on the History and Compositions of Concrete
Authors: Zhang Zhi Jun
Published: July 2014

Concrete is a composite material composed of water, coarse granular material (the fine and coarse aggregate or filler) embedded in a hard matrix of material (the cement or binder) that fills the space among the aggregate particles and glues them together. Famous concrete structures include the Hoover Dam, the Panama Canal and the Roman Pantheon. The earliest large-scale users of concrete technology were the ancient Romans, and concrete was widely used in the Roman Empire. The Colosseum in Rome was built largely of concrete, and the concrete dome of the Pantheon is the world’s largest. After the Roman Empire collapsed, use of concrete became rare until the technology was re-pioneered in the mid-18th century. Today, concrete is the most widely used man-made material.
The Technological Study of Surface Permeable Protection Materials for Fair Faced Concrete
Authors: Zhang Yan , Wang Qi Cai , Su Xiao Jing
Published: July 2014

Fair faced concrete is currently a new kind of construction manifestation fusing Oriental Zen thought of “imitation of nature”, obtaining applications in many buildings, but it will appear the phenomenon of water veneer degradation and damage without surface protection. Analyzing the basic requirements of surface protection materials for fair faced concrete, the study showed four different types of available surface permeable protection materials to carry on the contrastive research of basic properties and protection performance.
Influence of Limestone Powder on the Hydration of Cement-Steel Slag Composite Binder
Authors: Liu Mu Tian , Hu Jin , Mei Ying Jun
Published: July 2014

Steel slag and limestone powder are both mineral admixtures for cement or concrete. Steel slag can react with water and produce hydration products. The hydration activity of limestone powder is very limited. This paper investigated the influence of limestone powder on the hydration of cement-steel slag composite binder by determining the hydration heat and compressive strength. The results show that limestone powder can promote the early hydration of the composite binder and the compressive strength of mortar increases by replacing part of steel slag by limestone powder. However, at the age of 28 days, the positive effect of limestone powder is almost equal to its negative effect, so the compressive strength of mortar changes little by replacing part of steel slag by limestone powder.
Monolithic Macroporous-Mesoporous Carbon Using Ionic Liquids as Carbon Source
Authors: Chen Ai Bing , Yu Yun Hong , Yu Yi Feng , Lv Hai Jun , Xing Ting Ting , Li Yue Tong , Zang Wen Wei
Published: July 2014

A facile approach is employed for the preparation of hierarchically porous structures monolithic ordered macroporous-mesoporous silica materials (OMS) using the commercially available and cheap polyurethane (PU) foam as monolithic template, triblock copolymer P123 (EO20PO70EO20) as structure-directing agent and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as silica source, then monolithic ordered macro porous-mesoporous carbon materials (OMC) is synthesized by using monolithic ordered macroporous-mesoporous silica materials as hard template and ionic liquids as the carbon source. The silica and carbon monoliths possess uniform pore sizes (3.74-3.84 nm) and ordered mesostructure.
The Application of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in the Evaluation Technology Research for Lock Chamber Walls
Authors: Guo Meng Yuan , Gao Cong Cong , Yang Xiao Le
Published: July 2014

Aiming at the aging disease of lock chamber walls, the evaluation research of lock chamber wall was carried out in this paper. The reliability of lock chamber was taken as the general goal. The safety, applicability and durability were taken as sub goals, and the sub goals’ affecting factors were used as hierarchy indicators. A multilevel and multifactor evaluation model including three hierarchies and eleven indicators was established. In this method, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to determine the primary indicator weights. The result shows that this method is practical and efficient, and easy to be operated. It can provide a reference for the repair of lock chamber walls.
A Study on the Numerical Simulation Method for the NC Incremental Sectional Forming
Authors: Zhu Hu , Lin Wen Wen , Bai Jin Lan
Published: July 2014

The digital simulation method for NC incremental sectional forming is studied and the forming effect of NC incremental integral forming and sectional forming is analyzed through the digital simulation method in this paper. Digital simulation results show that the proposed simulation method for NC incremental sectional forming is reasonable and achievable. The difference of the forming quality between NC incremental sectional forming and integral forming is small. The sectional forming method has feasibility.
Study on Controlling Lost Circulation of Pilot Hole in Raise Boring by Using Fuzzy Ball Drilling Fluid
Authors: Sun Jian Rong
Published: July 2014

The fuzzy drilling fluid can effectively solve the serious lost circulation problem in the surface layer, it can be used in the raise drilling. The fuzzy ball drilling fluid with the density of 0.9g/cm3 was prepared in the laboratory. With the driving pressure increases, researchers do the plugging experiment with & without 0.5MPa back pressure. The experiments show that in a back pressure condition, fuzzy ball drilling fluid can effectively plugging formation. Besides, fuzzy ball drilling fluid can effectively control the leakage without back pressure. In the process of GuiZhou LongAn raise boring, the surface layer of the hole leaked seriously with leak off rate of more than 40m3/h in the first 10m and once exceeded 100 m3/h.The field use Fuzzy ball drilling fluid on the well plugging. The circulation is rapidly established after the Fuzzy ball drilling fluid was injected into the well, and the leakage rate has been effectively controlled.In the raise drilling, the fuzzy ball drilling fluid can only control the leakage rate but can’t seal the leakage formation.
The Rapid Measurement and Reconstruction Research on the Blades in the Grinding Process
Authors: Liu Jia , Zhao Ji , Yang Xu , Zhang Liang , Liu Hai Zhong
Published: July 2014

With the demand of acquiring the high-accuracy blade surface by repeated grinding, a theoretical investigation is presented on the rapid measurement for the grinding process. The polygon approximation method is used in this paper which uses the corner points as the starting points compared with the traditional polygon approximation. The feature points are obtained iteratively from the starting points, which have the maximum curvatures in the corresponding region. In order to obtain the blade surface, this paper uses the chosen feature points as control points to construct the initial fitting B-spline surface and then modifies them to meet the the convergence conditions. According to the experimental results, the B-spline fitting surface errors have little difference from the errors obtained by the feature points. The fitting results are potentially useful for the calculating of machining allowance and decreasing the measurement time in the machining process.
Reason Analysis and Solutions of Low Coiling Temperature at Tail of ZSAC1 Strip during U-Type Cooling
Authors: Zhang Zhi Min , Wang Feng Qin , Li Fei , Wang Shu Zhi , Jiang Xiao
Published: July 2014

Coiling temperature, finish rolling temperature and running speed of ZSAC1 strip during U-type cooling and number of valves which had been turned on were analyzed in order to find out the reason of low coiling temperature at tail of ZSAC1 strip in U-type cooling process. Results of research showed that running speed of strip and finish rolling temperature were main factors affecting accuracy of coiling temperature. Coiling temperature decreased with the increase of running speed of strip. Coiling temperature fluctuation would occur at the same part of strip when finish rolling temperature increased or decreased. Holding rolling speed and rolling temperature of strip stably can improve accuracy of coiling temperature during downstream U-type cooling.
Research on the Interference Correction in the CNC Incremental Forming Based on Iterative Algorithm
Authors: Zhu Hu , Li Hua Yi , Zhang Wei
Published: July 2014

Aiming at the problem of the interference of extrusion tool handle and workpiece in the process of 5-axis CNC sheet forming, an interference correction method based on one-dimensional searching algorithm of iterative of optimal design is presented in this paper. Using the iterative algorithm, the optimal critical posture of extrusion tool which the interference is corrected with the given accuracy requirement is found out, and then the interference correction angle is calculated. Taking the cutter location point (CLP) as a rotation center, the extrusion tool is rotated the correction angle to achieved interference correction. The case study shows that this method is simple, effective and it can correct the interference with the given accuracy value.
Study on Curing Kinetics of MEP-15/593/660 System
Authors: Song Jia Le , Li Chan Chan , Zhou Zhi Mi , Ye Chao Qiang , Li Wei Guang
Published: July 2014

Curing kinetics of MEP-15/593 system and MEP-15/593/660 system is studied by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Curing kinetic parameters are evaluated and the relationship between diluent 660 and the curing properties is investigated. The results show that the diluent 660 can not only reduce viscosity and activation energy, but also improve the degree of cure and conversion ratio.
Spatial Error Modeling and Analysis of the Glass Fillet Machine Based on the Multi-Body System Theory
Authors: Li Shui Ping , Qiu Qian , Yuan Ya Li
Published: July 2014

Research on spatial error modeling of the glass fillet machine is introduced based on the basic principles of multi-body system kinematics. Firstly, the topological structure and the low-order body arrays are described on the basis of the mechanical structure. Then, the spatial error analysis is carried out based on the theory of multi-body system. At the same time, the transformation matrix between the adjacent typical bodies is written. After that, in order to illustrate the relationship between the grinding wheel and the grinding point, the space error model of the glass fillet machine is established, which explains the effect of spatial structure on machining error and the calculation method of machining error. This model is easy to analyze the error and embodies the superiority on the error analysis and correction. Thus it provides a kind of ideal technique for the precision analysis of the glass fillet machine.
Fracture Resistance of Bended Glued Timber Elements with Flaws
Authors: Stupishin Leonid , Kabanov Victor , Masalov Aleksander
Published: July 2014

The test results for deriving of the dependencies of critical stress intensity factors on significant agents are presented for glued laminated timber. The dependencies of critical stress intensity factors on moisture content, width of cross section for I and II forms of fracture are investigated. For the second fracture form the influence of glue joint thickness within the limits of 0.07 - 0.35 mm was estimated. The influence on critical stress intensity factor was estimated also for the moisture content of wood within the limits of 12-35%, for crack front width within the limits of 30 - 140 mm, for loading velocity within the limits of 16 - 32 kN/min, for the form of crack tip, and the location of crack - in glue joint or in wood.
Study on Evaluation of High Slope Stability and Countermeasures Based on GEO-SLOPE
Authors: Wang Nian Qin , Wang Qing Tao , Pang Qi , Xue Qian
Published: July 2014

Based on the theory of limit equilibrium, by the GEO-SLOPE software,analyzed the stability before and after reinforcement of a high Loess-bedrock slope. The results and conclusions show: (1)Analyzed and Optimized the high Loess-bedrock slope through SLOPE/W module, optimizing the engineering quantity of the anchor cable frame in the local and saving the investment; (2)When taken reinforcement measures, conducted the SLOPE/W model again, the stability coefficient is 1.459, the effect testified by projects is obvious; (3)Aiming at the optimization analysis, proposed countermeasures system, with reference for reinforcement of a high Loess-bedrock slope.
Application of Solid-Phase Microextraction for the Analysis of Aroma Compounds from Pineapple Fruit
Authors: Wei Chang Bin , Ding Xiao Dong , Liu Yu Ge , Zhao Wei Feng , Sun Guang Ming
Published: July 2014

An analytical method of solid-phase microextraction (SPME) was developed for pineapple aroma volatile compounds. Different sample preparation procedures involving SPME fibres, including the addition of sodium chloride, extraction time, and temperature, were evaluated to optimise the method. For the optimised method, 6.5 g of ground pineapple flesh was placed in a 20 mL headspace vial with 1 g of sodium chloride; a 65 μm polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene fibre was used for extraction at 50°C for 40 min with continuous stirring. The method was validated by determining its repeatability and recovery. The relative standard deviations for the pineapple aroma compounds were 5.48-11.02%. The average method recovery was 99.13%. The results demonstrate that this SPME procedure is suitable as a simple, rapid, and solvent-free extraction technique for the analysis of pineapple aroma volatile compounds. Using this method, 15 volatile compounds were identified, and the amount was 1019.78 μg.kg−1 in pineapple cv. Shenwan, including seven esters, one terpene, two aldehydes, one ketone, two lactones, one alcohol, and one hydrocarbon. A tentative study to estimate the contribution of the identified compounds to the aroma of the pineapple variety based of their odour activity values indicated four compounds that were characteristic aroma compounds, including methyl hexanoate, δ-octalactone, decanal, and geranyl acetone.
Preparation and Flame Retardancy of Waterbased Phosphorous Modified Phenolic Resin
Authors: Qiao Yuan Jian , Wei Lu Ting , Xu Gui Long , Wang Yi , Hu Jian
Published: July 2014

Waterbased phosphorous modified phenolic resin was prepared by introducing a phosphorous monomer. Effect of phenol and aldehyde mol ratio and ODOPM content to the stability was studied. The flammability of the prepared composite material was studied by TGA (Thermo gravimetric analysis), LOI (limited oxygen index) and UL-94 test. The results show that stable phosphorous modified phenolic resin can be prepared. TGA, LIO and UL-94 test result show that the hybrid material presents better flame retardancy.