bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of statin treatment on metabolites, lipids and prostanoids in patients with Statin Associated Muscle Symptoms (SAMS)
Authors: Garrett Timothy J. , Puchowicz Michelle A. , Park Edwards A. , Dong Qingming , Farage Gregory , Childress Richard , Guingab Joy , Simpson Claire L. , Sen Saunak , Brogdon Elizabeth C. , Buchanan Logan M. , Raghow Rajendra , Elam Marshall B.
Published: December 2023

Background

Between 5–10% of patients discontinue statin therapy due to statin-associated adverse reactions, primarily statin associated muscle symptoms (SAMS). The absence of a clear clinical phenotype or of biomarkers poses a challenge for diagnosis and management of SAMS. Similarly, our incomplete understanding of the pathogenesis of SAMS hinders the identification of treatments for SAMS. Metabolomics, the profiling of metabolites in biofluids, cells and tissues is an important tool for biomarker discovery and provides important insight into the origins of symptomatology. In order to better understand the pathophysiology of this common disorder and to identify biomarkers, we undertook comprehensive metabolomic and lipidomic profiling of plasma samples from patients with SAMS who were undergoing statin rechallenge as part of their clinical care.

Methods and findings

We report our findings in 67 patients, 28 with SAMS (cases) and 39 statin-tolerant controls. SAMS patients were studied during statin rechallenge and statin tolerant controls were studied while on statin. Plasma samples were analyzed using untargeted LC-MS metabolomics and lipidomics to detect differences between cases and controls. Differences in lipid species in plasma were observed between cases and controls. These included higher levels of linoleic acid containing phospholipids and lower ether lipids and sphingolipids. Reduced levels of acylcarnitines and altered amino acid profile (tryptophan, tyrosine, proline, arginine, and taurine) were observed in cases relative to controls. Pathway analysis identified significant increase of urea cycle metabolites and arginine and proline metabolites among cases along with downregulation of pathways mediating oxidation of branched chain fatty acids, carnitine synthesis, and transfer of acetyl groups into mitochondria.

Conclusions

The plasma metabolome of patients with SAMS exhibited reduced content of long chain fatty acids and increased levels of linoleic acid (18:2) in phospholipids, altered energy production pathways (β-oxidation, citric acid cycle and urea cycles) as well as reduced levels of carnitine, an essential mediator of mitochondrial energy production. Our findings support the hypothesis that alterations in pro-inflammatory lipids (arachidonic acid pathway) and impaired mitochondrial energy metabolism underlie the muscle symptoms of patients with statin associated muscle symptoms (SAMS).
Do psychological capital and transformational leadership make differences in organizational citizenship behavior?
Authors: Yuwono Heni , Kurniawan Muhammad Danang , Syamsudin Nanank , Eliyana Anis , Saputra Deddy Eduar Eka , Emur Alvin Permana , Jalil Nurul Iman Abdul
Published: December 2023

This research is proposed to determine factors affecting organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), tested on counselors, totaling 156 respondents. This study applied three waves in data collection with an interval of 30 days and a multigroup analysis to validate OCB. The analysis technique used is the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method using the IBM SPSS AMOS v26. The results showed that transformational leadership and psychological capital could, directly and indirectly, influence OCB and substantially affect work engagement as the mediator. Furthermore, male counselors with OCB were more dominantly influenced by work engagement, whereas female counselors were by transformational leadership. The results of this study can be used as a basis for policy recommendations by organizational management, especially organizations in the public service. This research has strengthened the empirical foundation on voluntary extra-role behavior and initiatives that can improve organizational effectiveness. This behavior can be manifested by strengthening psychological capital, transformational leadership, and work engagement.
How can college teachers’ information literacy empower their innovative teaching behaviors under the background of informatization?
Authors: Gong Lianghua
Published: December 2023

The innovative teaching behaviors of college teacher are of positive significance for promoting the construction of educational informatization in China and realizing the high-quality development of higher education. Based on the theory of social cognition and theory of behavioral change, the paper explores the influential mechanism and its boundary conditions of college teachers’ information literacy on their innovative teaching behaviors during the new era of educational informatization. Through the investigation of 280 college teachers, it is found that: (1) information literacy and its dimensions of information knowledge and information capability have a significant positive effect on innovative teaching behavior; (2) Creative self-efficacy plays a mediating role between information literacy (information knowledge and information capability) and innovative teaching behavior; (3) College innovation climate significantly moderates the positive relationship between information literacy (information awareness and information knowledge) and creative self-efficacy; (4) College innovation climate significantly moderates the mediating effect of creative self-efficacy between information literacy (information awareness and information knowledge) and innovative teaching behavior. Therefore, colleges and universities should focus on enhancing teachers’ information literacy level and their creative self-efficacy, creating an excellent atmosphere for innovation, and encouraging college teachers to actively carry out their innovative teaching practice in the new stage of educational informatization.
Mapping evidence on barriers to and facilitators of diagnosing noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in Africa: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Badacho Abebe Sorsa , Mahomed Ozayr Harron
Published: December 2023

Background

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) represent a global public health challenge in all population groups, but the prevalence of major NCDs, such as depression, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, obesity and diabetes, is increasing at a rapid rate among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH). Studies show that integrated NCDs and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) services have improved the patient outcome of PLWH with comorbidities with NCDs. It requires a strengthened and sustainable way of diagnosing major NCDs early among PLWH. However, there is limited evidence regarding the barriers to and facilitators of early diagnosis of NCDs (depression, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, obesity and diabetes) among PLWH in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This review will systematically map the literature and describe the barriers and facilitators of diagnosing NCDs (depression, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, obesity and diabetes) among PLWH in LMICs in Africa.

Methods

The methodology presented by Arksey and O’Malley and the recommendation set out by Levac and colleagues will be used. PubMed, MEDLINE with full text via the EBSCO host, Google Scholar, Science Direct and Scopus will be used for a comprehensive search for data extraction. The search will be conducted using keywords, Boolean terms, and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). All studies with eligible titles will be exported to the EndNote citation manager for deduplication and imported to Rayyan software for screening. Two reviewers will independently screen abstracts, and the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis extension to scoping review (PRISMA-Sc) guidelines will be used to guide the search in conducting the scoping review. We will perform descriptive data analysis for quantitative studies, NVivo software version 12 will be used for qualitative studies, and thematic content analysis will be carried out. This scoping review will include studies that included PLWH with those diagnosed with major NCDs (depression, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, obesity, and diabetes) in LMICs in Africa.

Discussion

This scoping review will highlight evidence mapping on barriers and facilitators of diagnosing NCDs (depression, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, obesity, and diabetes) among PLWH LMICs in Africa.

Scoping Review Registration: registered on Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/xvtwd/).
A non-canonical Puf3p-binding sequence regulates CAT5/COQ7 mRNA under both fermentable and respiratory conditions in budding yeast
Authors: Hayashi Sachiko , Iwamoto Kazumi , Yoshihisa Tohru
Published: December 2023

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae uses a highly glycolytic metabolism, if glucose is available, through appropriately suppressing mitochondrial functions except for some of them such as Fe/S cluster biogenesis. Puf3p, a Pumillio family protein, plays a pivotal role in modulating mitochondrial activity, especially during fermentation, by destabilizing its target mRNAs and/or by repressing their translation. Puf3p preferentially binds to 8-nt conserved binding sequences in the 3′-UTR of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial (nc-mitochondrial) mRNAs, leading to broad effects on gene expression under fermentable conditions. To further explore how Puf3p post-transcriptionally regulates nc-mitochondrial mRNAs in response to cell growth conditions, we initially focused on nc-mitochondrial mRNAs known to be enriched in monosomes in a glucose-rich environment. We unexpectedly found that one of the monosome-enriched mRNAs, CAT5/COQ7 mRNA, directly interacts with Puf3p through its non-canonical Puf3p binding sequence, which is generally less considered as a Puf3p binding site. Western blot analysis showed that Puf3p represses translation of Cat5p, regardless of culture in fermentable or respiratory medium. In vitro binding assay confirmed Puf3p’s direct interaction with CAT5 mRNA via this non-canonical Puf3p-binding site. Although cat5 mutants of the non-canonical Puf3p-binding site grow normally, Cat5p expression is altered, indicating that CAT5 mRNA is a bona fide Puf3p target with additional regulatory factors acting through this sequence. Unlike other yeast PUF proteins, Puf3p uniquely regulates Cat5p by destabilizing mRNA and repressing translation, shedding new light on an unknown part of the Puf3p regulatory network. Given that pathological variants of human COQ7 lead to CoQ10 deficiency and yeast cat5Δ can be complemented by hCOQ7, our findings may also offer some insights into clinical aspects of COQ7-related disorders.
Delineating Pixantrone Maleate’s adroit activity against cervical cancer proteins through multitargeted docking-based MM\GBSA, QM-DFT and MD simulation
Authors: Almasoudi Hassan Hussain , Nahari Mohammed H. , Alhazmi Abdulfattah Yahya M. , Almasabi Saleh Hussain A. , Al-Mansour Fares Saeed H. , Hakami Mohammed Ageeli
Published: December 2023

Cervical cancer poses a substantial worldwide health challenge, especially in low- and middle-income nations, caused by high-risk types of human papillomavirus. It accounted for a significant percentage of cancer-related deaths among women, particularly in areas with limited healthcare resources, necessitating innovative therapeutic approaches, and single-targeted studies have produced significant results, with a considerable chance of developing resistance. Therefore, the multitargeted studies can work as a beacon of hope. This study is focused on performing the multitargeted molecular docking of FDA-approved drugs with the three crucial proteins TBK1, DNA polymerase epsilon, and integrin α-V β-8 of cervical cancer. The docking studies using multisampling algorithms HTVS, SP, and XP reveal Pixantrone Maleate (DB06193) as a multitargeted inhibitor with docking scores of -8.147, -8.206 and -7.31 Kcal/mol and pose filtration with MM\GBSA computations with scores -40.55, -33.67, and -37.64 Kcal/mol. We also have performed QM-based DFT and pharmacokinetics studies of the compound and compared it with the standard values, which results in the compound being entirely suitable against cervical cancer proteins. The interaction fingerprints have revealed that PHE, VAL, SER and ALA are the residues among most interactions. We also explore the stability of the multitargeted potential of Pixantrone Maleate through 100ns MD simulations and investigate the RMSD, RMSF and intermolecular interactions between all three proteins-ligand complexes. All computational studies favour Pixantrone Maleate as a multitargeted inhibitor of the TBK1, DNA polymerase epsilon, and integrin α-V β-8 and can be validated experimentally before use.
Prevalence and predictors of magnesium imbalance among critically ill diarrheal children and their outcome in a developing country
Authors: Mamun Gazi Md. Salahuddin , Sarmin Monira , Alam Aklima , Afroze Farzana , Shahrin Lubaba , Shahid Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayeem Bin , Shaima Shamsun Nahar , Sultana Nadia , Chisti Mohammod Jobayer , Ahmed Tahmeed
Published: December 2023

Despite having essential roles in maintaining human body physiology, magnesium has gained little attention. We sought to evaluate the prevalence and predictors of magnesium imbalance in diarrheal children admitted to an intensive care unit. This retrospective data analysis was conducted among children admitted between January 2019 and December 2019. Eligible children were categorized by serum magnesium levels that were extracted from the hospital database. Among 557 participants, 29 (5.2%) had hypomagnesemia, 344 (61.8%) had normomagnesemia and 184 (33.0%) had hypermagnesemia. By multivariable multinomial logistic regression, we have identified older children (adjusted multinomial odds ratio, mOR 1.01, 95% CI: 1.004–1.018, p = 0.002) as a predictor of hypomagnesemia. Conversely, younger children (adjusted mOR 0.99, 95% CI: 0.982–0.998, p = 0.02), shorter duration of fever (adjusted mOR 0.92, 95% CI: 0.857–0.996, p = 0.04), convulsion (adjusted mOR 1.55, 95% CI: 1.005–2.380, p = 0.047), dehydration (adjusted mOR 3.27, 95% CI: 2.100–5.087, p<0.001), pneumonia (adjusted mOR 2.65, 95% CI: 1.660–4.240, p<0.001) and acute kidney injury (adjusted mOR 2.70, 95% CI: 1.735–4.200, p<0.001) as the independent predictors of hypermagnesemia. The mortality was higher among children with hypermagnesemia (adjusted mOR 2.31, 95% CI: 1.26–4.25, p = 0.007). Prompt identification and management of the magnesium imbalance among critically ill diarrheal children might have survival benefits, especially in resource-limited settings.
Medium-term storage of calf beddings affects bacterial community and effectiveness to inactivate zoonotic bacteria
Authors: Rapp Delphine , Ross Colleen , Cave Vanessa , Maclean Paul , Jauregui Ruy , Brightwell Gale
Published: December 2023

Land-spreading of animal faecal wastes -such as animal beddings- can introduce zoonotic enteropathogens into the food system environment. The study evaluated the effectiveness of animal beddings naturally contaminated by calf manure to reduce E. coli O157:H7 or Salmonella enterica. The two pathogens were introduced separately as a four strains-cocktail and at high (>6.5 Log10 g-1) concentration into bedding materials, and their inactivation over a 10 weeks-period was monitored by using a Most Probable Number (MPN) enumeration method. Inactivation of E. coli O157:H7 was more effective in the bedding inoculated immediately after collection from calf pens than in the beddings inoculated after a 2 months-pre-storage period: E. coli O157:H7 levels were reduced by 6.6 Log10 g-1 in unstored bedding (0.5 Log10 g-1 recovered; 95%CI: 0.0–1.2), and by 4.9 Log10 g-1 in pre-stored bedding (2.2 Log10 g-1 recovered; 95%CI: 1.5–2.8) with a significant (p<0.05) difference between unstored and pre-stored. S. enterica was inactivated less effectively as counts were reduced by one order of magnitude, with no significant difference in inactivation between unstored and pre-stored beddings. Low levels of naturally occurring E. coli O157 and Salmonella spp. were detected in the non-inoculated beddings, as well as in the straw prior to use in the animal facility. To better understand the possible biological processes involved, the bacterial community present in the beddings was characterised by short-read 16S rRNA sequencing. Pre-storage of the bedding affected the composition but not the diversity of the bacterial community. Analyses of the key bacterial phyla suggested that the presence of a diverse and stable bacterial community might facilitate inactivation of the introduced pathogens, and a possible role of bacterial orders associated with lignocellulolytic resources. Overall, the study contributed to the understanding of the fate of zoonotic bacteria introduced in animal beddings during storage and identified bedding storage practices pre-and post-use in animal facilities that could be important to prevent the risk of zoonosis dissemination to the environment or to the dairy herds.
As paisagens digitais da nova transformação social Pós-Covid-19
Authors: Simões Paulo Fernando Pereira Fabião
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo pretende mostrar os novos paradigmas que emergiram da pandemia do Covid-19 nas novas paisagens digitais. Os antigos paradigmas têm em regra, acompanhado a globalização por processos de difusão espacial e social, mas a pandemia do Covid-19 veio mudar comportamentos padronizados à escala global, a uma nova realidade e a escalas diversas. Este artigo levanta questões tais como: o Covid-19 veio criar novas paisagens digitais? Que mecanismos as empresas utilizarão para estabelecer relações com os seus clientes e recuperar a sua confiança? A Inteligência Artificial será incontornável nas suas estratégias? O modelo de teletrabalho é eficaz? São algumas questões que se pretendem refletir, sem, contudo, esgotar a sua discussão.
Utopia, Religion and Dissent in Robert Williams Buchanan’s The Rev. Annabel Lee: A Tale of to-Morrow
Authors: Pisarska Katarzyna
Published: December 2023

The article analyzes the novel The Rev. Annabel Lee: a Tale of to-Morrow (1898) by Robert Williams Buchanan, focusing on the conflict between a secular utopian society of the future, built on the principles of Comtean Positivism, Owenite Socialism and Social Darwinism, and a Christian revivalist movement led by a female preacher. While exploring the connections between gender, social engineering and faith, the article also interrogates ambiguities implicit in two conflicting worldviews which are dependent, respectively, on science and a revealed religion.
A infanta Maria Josefa Carmela de Bourbon (1744-1801) e Portugal
Authors: Braga Isabel Drumond
Published: December 2023

Maria Josefa Carmela de Bourbon foi uma discreta infanta de Espanha. Viveu nas cortes de seu pai, Carlos III, e de seu irmão, Carlos IV, e manteve intensa correspondência com a rainha D. Maria I de Portugal. A análise dessa documentação permite vislumbrar traços da sua personalidade e do seu relacionamento familiar.
O período miguelista num concelho do interior
Authors: Pousinho Nuno
Published: December 2023

A agitação política do período de 1820-1834 atingiu todo o país. Contudo, pouco se conhece sobre o seu impacto na periferia. O objetivo desta publicação é dar a conhecer o comportamento político das elites de um concelho do interior, Castelo Branco, entre 1828 e 1834. Este artigo tentará responder às seguintes questões: 1.º Qual a composição da elite municipal albicastrense no Antigo Regime? 2.º De que forma a revolução liberal e a contrarrevolução alteraram o modelo de recrutamento dos cargos da administração local? 3.º Como se processou a divisão da elite local entre 1828 e 1834? E 4.º como esta divisão condicionou o acesso aos lugares da vereação. Na realidade, este período foi marcado por uma abertura social no acesso aos cargos municipais e pela divisão política entre as principais famílias do concelho. Atingiu o clímax durante o Miguelismo, período em que os liberais emigraram ou foram presos, preponderando os miguelistas.
A diplomacia pública como instrumento de apoio aos direitos humanos e ambientais na implementação do acordo comercial UE-Mercosul: impasses em torno de barreiras sanitárias e fitossanitárias
Authors: Locatelli Nunes Paula , Samarcos Lora Rui , De Andrade e Silva Forte dos Santos Niedja
Published: December 2023

Esta investigação interdisciplinar tem por objetivo apresentar a diplomacia pública como um instrumento de apoio à implementação do acordo comercial entre a União Europeia e o Mercosul. A diplomacia pública possibilita o envolvimento de atores não estatais no processo de tomada de decisões na seara da política externa. Baseado na aplicação do princípio da precaução no caso das divergências em torno das negociações SPS no âmbito do acordo em apreço, este artigo funde perspectivas jurídicas e das relações internacionais para apresentar os argumentos em defesa da diplomacia pública como potencial método de apoio à proteção de direitos humanos e ambientais.
As constituições dos países-membros do Mercosul estariam preparadas para a possibilidade jurídico-política do caminho do direito comunitário para desenvolver mais ainda a integração regional na América Latina?
Authors: Boaventura Isabela Mendes , De Paula Ferreira Moi Fernanda
Published: December 2023

O presente trabalho aborda as particularidades normativas e jurídicas do bloco Mercosul. Traz à luz o debate entre os modelos de intergoverno e o supranacional, bem como analisa a possibilidade constitucional dos países fundadores – Argentina, Brasil, Uruguai e Paraguai – de adotarem o Direito Comunitário. É feita uma breve análise histórica e geopolítica das relações exteriores do Brasil. Posteriormente, são estudados os dois tipos de modelo: o de intergoverno e o supranacional. Por fim, são analisadas as Constituições de cada um dos países fundadores, no que diz respeito à admissão do Direito Comunitário, com o maior foco na Carta Magna brasileira. Por meio do compilado de pesquisa e revisão bibliográfica, com método hermenêutico e histórico-dialético, o presente trabalho busca responder à problemática da possibilidade de admissão do Direito Comunitário pelo Brasil, considerando sua Constituição, o entendimento atual do STF e de autores renomados no debate em pauta.
The Mary Jacobs Prize Essay 2023: ‘Translation and Ideology in Sylvia Townsend Warner: Six Romances of the Spanish Civil War into English’
Authors: Gallego-Casilda Alicia Fernández
Published: December 2023

Upon her return to Britain from Spain following her attendance at the Second International Congress of Writers for the Defence of Culture held in Madrid, Barcelona and Valencia in 1937, Sylvia Townsend Warner translated six Spanishromances. Five of the six Spanish poems examined here – those by Leopoldo Urrutia, Manuel Altolaguirre, Julio D. Guillén, José Herrera Petere and Félix Paredes – first appeared inRomancero general de la guerra de España(1937). The sixth, by Francisco Fuentes, had been published in 1936 inMilicia Popular. This article analyses Warner’s English versions of these poems with the aims of illuminating the political motives behind her translation decisions and adding to our knowledge of her relation to the urgent cultural politics of the late 1930s.
Los modelos de relación religión-Estado. Pervivencia de un instrumento de estudio en la era postsecular
Authors: Palomino Lozano Rafael
Published: December 2023

En el Derecho Eclesiástico del Estado, el estudio y exposición de los modelos de relación entre los Estados y las religiones (Estado laico, aconfesional, teocrático, de religión oficial, etc.) es un tema poco menos que de obligada referencia. Aun cuando los modelos siguen siendo de utilidad pedagógica para aproximarse a las relaciones jurídicas de carácter institucional, resultan insuficientes para abordar la complejidad que presenta el fenómeno religioso en la era postsecular. Este artículo despliega algunas expresiones de esa complejidad que escapan a la explicación mediante esos modelos y concluye que es necesario relativizar el valor de dichos modelos de relación, atendiendo a otras variables jurídicas relevantes sobre la religión y las creencias.
Religión e igualdad en las reservas a la Convención sobre la eliminación de todas las formas de discriminación contra la mujer
Authors: Mut María
Published: December 2023

Aunque con la ausencia significativa de Estados Unidos de América, la inmensa mayoría de Estados de la comunidad internacional son parte de la Convención sobre la eliminación de todas las formas de discriminación contra la mujer. Sin embargo, en relación con otras convenciones, ésta es la Convención que cuenta con un mayor número de reservas destinadas a modificar o excluir la mayoría de sus disposiciones. Tras examinar las reservas, en este trabajo se sostiene que una gran parte de ellas tienen que ver con la difícil relación entre, por un lado, el derecho a la igualdad de hombres y mujeres que propugna la Convención y, por otro, el derecho a la libertad religiosa, que no aparece reflejado de una forma expresa en ella. Asimismo, se argumenta que el hecho de guardar silencio sobre cómo se relacionan ambos derechos humanos y no articular ningún tipo de medida tendente a su equilibrio y compatibilización incide tanto de forma directa como indirecta en la interpretación de la Convención y en la labor del Comité sobre la eliminación de todas las formas de discriminación contra la mujer.
GC-MS analysis and cytotoxic activity of the n-hexane fraction from Curcuma sahuynhensis Škornick. & N.S.Lý leaves collected in Vietnam
Authors: Tran Van Chen , Truong Minh-Nhut , Tran Thi Thuy Quynh , Nguyen Thanh To Nhi , Nguyen Hoang Khanh Linh
Published: December 2023

Curcuma sahuynhensis Škornick. & N.S.Lý is an endemic plant in Vietnam that has been used by the Sa Huynh people as a spice and medicine to cure illnesses linked to digestive disorders. Very little information is available so far about the chemical composition and biological effects of C. sahuynhensis. To find new pharmaceutical ingredients, the in vitro cytotoxic effect and the chemical profile of C. sahuynhensis leaf extract were investigated. In this study, the percolation method and liquid-liquid dispersion technique were used to extract dry sample powder. The chemical composition was detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The Sulforhodamine B and MTT methods were used to determine the cytotoxic activity. The chemical composition analysis showed that the leaf extract contained 14 components. The major components in the n-hexane extract were 6,10,14-trimethylpentadecan-2-one, phytol, 1-ethylbutyl hydroperoxide, isoborneol, 1-methylpentyl hydroperoxide, and neophytadiene. On human cancer cell lines, namely MFC-7, SK-LU-1, Hela, MKN-7, and HL-60, the leaf extract showed dose-dependent cytotoxic activity, with IC50 values ranging from 221.70±10.24 to 369.42±10.60 ?g/mL. The present study provides significant information on the chemical components and cytotoxic effects of the n-hexane extract from C. sahuynhensis leaves. The findings will continue to be crucial in future research on the evaluation of secondary metabolite compound analysis for cancer therapeutic effects.
Variation of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Pinus Sylvestris L. Wood in the Boreal Zone of the European Northeast
Authors: Shchekalev Roman , Danilov Dimitriy , Zaytsev Dimitriy , Korchagov Sergey , Melehov Vladimir
Published: December 2023

The study considers variational aspects of physical and mechanical properties of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood depending on conditions and growth areas in the boreal zone of the European Northeast. Anatomical traits of xylem and its strength properties were analyzed. Based on the data received, statistical processing of the material was carried out using correlation and multivariate analysis. The impact of hazardous air emissions on variation of linear dimensions in structural elements of the annual height increment in the trunk diameter was estimated. A varying nature of the influence of environmental factors on the formation of strength properties of P. sylvestris wood in growth areas was attested. The variation value of basic wood density decreases as soil and hydrological conditions of growth improve. A significant negative correlation between basic wood density and distance to sources of hazardous air emissions in the areas of concentration of industrial enterprises was established. The results of multivariate analysis make it possible to reveal the weight of the influence of environmental factors and biometric characteristics of wood on volumetric and strength properties of pine wood. Growth in the impact zone of air emissions from large industrial enterprises in the study area does not produce a significant effect on the dynamics of wood strength properties, taking into account various growth conditions. For Scots pine growing in the European Northeast, the study determined a significant impact of the size and structure of the annual height increment of the trunk in terms of diameter, as well as the position of the wood sample in terms of trunk volume, on strength properties of pine wood.
L’influence de l’aménagement physique scolaire et des espaces d’apprentissage sur les élèves et les enseignant.e.s du primaire : une recension systématique des écrits
Authors: Collet Joana , Laurie-Rose Caron-Jacques , Cobti Carine , Bluteau Jonathan , Goulet Mélissa
Published: December 2023

L’école joue un rôle central dans le développement des élèves, qui y vivent des expériences influençant leurs interactions sociales, mais aussi leur potentiel expérientiel d’apprentissage (Danielsen et al., 2009). Cette recension systématique des écrits fait un état de la recherche sur l’influence de l’architecture scolaire et de l’aménagement physique des classes et des espaces d’apprentissage sur les élèves et les enseignant.e.s du primaire. Les études (n=31) mettent en lumière les espaces d’apprentissage comme espaces actifs, collaboratifs et au service de la pédagogie.
An Open-Source 3D-Printed Hindlimb Stabilization Apparatus for Reliable Measurement of Stimulation-Evoked Ankle Flexion in Rat
Authors: Lam Danny V. , Lindemann Madeline , Yang Kevin , Liu Derrick X. , Ludwig Kip A. , Shoffstall Andrew J.
Published: December 2023

Currently there are numerous methods to evaluate peripheral nerve stimulation interfaces in rats, with stimulation-evoked ankle torque being one of the most prominent. Commercial rat ankle torque measurement systems and custom one-off solutions have been published in the literature. However, commercial systems are proprietary and costly and do not allow for customization. One-off lab-built systems have required specialized machining expertise, and building plans have previously not been made easily accessible. Here, detailed building plans are provided for a low-cost, open-source, and basic ankle torque measurement system from which additional customization can be made. A hindlimb stabilization apparatus was developed to secure and stabilize a rat's hindlimb, while allowing for simultaneous ankle-isometric torque and lower limb muscle electromyography (EMG). The design was composed mainly of adjustable 3D-printed components to accommodate anatomical differences between rat hindlimbs. Additionally, construction and calibration procedures of the rat hindlimb stabilization apparatus were demonstrated in this study. In vivo torque measurements were reliably acquired and corresponded to increasing stimulation amplitudes. Furthermore, implanted leads used for intramuscular EMG recordings complemented torque measurements and were used as an additional functional measurement in evaluating the performance of a peripheral nerve stimulation interface. In conclusion, an open-source and noninvasive platform, made primarily with 3D-printed components, was constructed for reliable data acquisition of evoked motor activity in rat models. The purpose of this apparatus is to provide researchers a versatile system with adjustable components that can be tailored to meet user-defined experimental requirements when evaluating motor function of the rat hindlimbs.
Species and deterioration of woods used in a traditional Turkish house
Authors: Hızal Kamile Tırak
Published: December 2023

This study identified the wood species and evaluated the weathering and biological degradation of historical timber from a traditional Turkish house in Konuralp, Türkiye. The wood material was obtained from the floorboards, window frames, cabinets, cripple studs, ceiling boards, and joists. The species were identified as Pinus spp. for the cabinet, window frame, and cripple stud, Abies spp. for the floorboards, Populus spp. for the ceiling boards, and Quercus spp. for the joist. The macroscopic observation revealed multiple types of degradation caused by weathering, fungi, and insect attacks. The cripple studs made of pine and the floorboards made of fir had become completely unusable due to insect damage. Relatively less biological damage was observed on the cabinet made of pine wood and the ceiling boards made of poplar wood.
Present-day characteristics of phytoplankton, microphytobenthos and phytoepiphyton of the Kaniv Reservoir
Authors: Shcherbak V.I. , Semeniuk N.Ye. , Davydov O.A. , Larionova D.P.
Published: December 2023

The paper studies quantitative diversity and dominant complexes of phytoplankton, microphytobenthos and phytoepiphyton in lotic and lentic biotopes within the Kaniv Reservoir in summer seasons of 2017–2022, considers their association with some abiotic variables, assesses the trophic state, information diversity according to Shannon’s index and water quality. The cell count of planktonic algae varied within 2780–124155 thous. cells · dm–3, biomass – 0.631–11.636 mg · dm–3, benthic algae – 390–13874 thous. cells · 10 cm–2 and 0.162–2.651 mg mg · 10 cm–2, epiphytic algae – 50–680 thous. cells mg · 10 cm–2 and 0.050–1.679 mg · 10 cm–2 respectively. In lotic biotopes the phytoplankton cell count was higher than in lentic biotopes due to algal inflow from the Kyiv Reservoir and tributaries. The structural organization of phytoplankton and microphytobenthos is represented by oligodominant complexes of Cyanobacteria – Bacillariophyta and Bacillariophyta – Cyanobacteria respectively, and phytoepiphyton – by monodominant complex of Bacillariophyta. The necessity to distinguish dominant complexes according to cell count and biomass has been proven. The dominant complexes of algal communities clearly divide into three clusters (for plankton, benthos and epiphyton), and each of them – into two clusters (for lotic and lentic biotopes). The Sorensen similarity between phytoplankton and microphytobenthos was higher than between phytoplankton and phytoepiphyton, which can be explained by sedimentation of planktonic forms on the bottom under different ecological conditions. High cell count and biomass, diverse dominant complex of algal communities depend upon some abiotic variables (solar radiation, photic layer thickness, water temperature in summer, nutrient content). According to phytoplankton the trophic state of the Kaniv Reservoir is assessed as eutrophic–polytrophic, and according to contour algal communities – as oligo-mesotrophic–mesotrophic. This difference complies with the “alternative stable states” theory. That is, in summer the water reservoir is in “turbid state”, when planktonic Cyanobacteria grow intensively, screen the water surface and suppress the photosynthesis of benthic and epiphytic algal communities. The water quality of the Kaniv Reservoir is within the 1st–3rd classes (clean–satisfactory clean waters), there are no point of diffuse sources of water pollution, which mainly coincides with retrospective data.
Avaliadores
Authors: Murari Luciana
Published: December 2023

Avaliadores
Panorama de la educación permanente de jóvenes y adultos en Argentina
Authors: María Eugenia Vicente
Published: December 2023

En Argentina, a partir del año 2006, se reconocen avances respecto de la Educación Permanente de Jóvenes y Adultos (EPJA) en el nivel secundario, principalmente su institucionalización como modalidad a partir de la legitimación de identidades propias que deben ser abordadas en sus particularidades y no necesariamente en relación con un sistema tradicional. De este modo, es imprescindible intentar conocer cuál es la característica del nivel en la actualidad, teniendo estas cuestiones como antecedentes. Así, el presente artículo tiene el objetivo de aportar al conocimiento actual sobre la EPJA en Argentina a través de analizar cuantitativamente la modalidad entre 2011 y 2021. En términos metodológicos, se utiliza la estadística descriptiva en base a un conjunto de datos provenientes de bases nacionales, en relación a tres categorías particulares: egreso, sector de gestión y edad. Finalmente, las conclusiones sostienen que, para la última década, se puede advertir un impacto positivo y creciente de las políticas de formación en el nivel secundario que ha sido objeto de atención en los últimos tiempos debido a la sanción de la obligatoriedad del nivel secundario.
Sustainable approach for the collection and processing of medicinal and aromatic plants in Hungary
Authors: Kulcsar N. , Illes Z. , Temesi N. , Szendro E. , Szendro P.
Published: December 2023

Hungary is a Central European country that is rich in medicinal and aromatic wild plant species; in rural livelihoods, the collection, use, process, and trade of these plants are traditionally important contributors. However, due to several recent changes touching the sector, the natural ecosystems, biodiversity, and collectors - who generally belong to poorer social groups – are affected negatively.

The paper aims to introduce the Hungarian herbal sector from a holistic perspective, including its economic, environmental, and human dimensions, with a particular focus on sustainability. In this context, the purpose of the article is to discover this field as comprehensibly as possible and present it from both theoretical and practical aspects. Another objective is to collect the best practices and feasible solutions from the field in connection with promoting a harmonious, as well as economically prosperous relationship between nature and local people. This integrated approach helps show the industry's strengths and advantages, as well as its weaknesses and challenges. Based on the findings, the paper attempts also to propose some recommendations for the future.
Development of psychological and educational aspects of interaction between medical workers and patients
Authors: Ryabova T. V. , Mutigullina A. A.
Published: December 2023

Aim. To develop a patient education algorithm used by medical workers. The leading method for studying this problem is a pedagogical experiment, as well as a statistical processing of quantitative research results. The relevance of this study is due to the need to address the priorities of the Healthcare national project, i.e. developing the skills of maintaining a healthy lifestyle among the population, changing behavior and attitudes towards their own health and the health of others. The introduction of educational programs for patients in combination with therapeutic measures contributes to the most complete rehabilitation. Forming partnerships and trust between patients and medical workers to prevent diseases requires the latter to have psychological and pedagogical knowledge and skills.

Material and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the City Outpatient Clinic № 7 (Kazan). The study was conducted in the Department of Internal Medicine on the daytime basis. The experiment involved 20 nurses, 15 doctors and 60 patients from these departments. The study was carried out in three following stages: at the first stage, the current state of the problem under study in pedagogical theory and practice was analyzed, a research methodology program was developed, and a survey of nurses at the medical institution was conducted. At the second stage, the theoretical concept of the study was adjusted, a training experiment was conducted with doctors and senior nurses, and a structural and functional model of pedagogical training of medical workers for patient education was introduced. At the third stage, analysis, generalization and systematization of the data obtained, and presentation of the research results were carried out.

Results. The developed educational program for teaching patients, consisting of three stages (design, implementation, control of the educative process), and containing various methods of training, contributes to the formation of the psychological and pedagogical competence of medical workers. The specificity of the methodology is that the emphasis is on developing the ability to present information in an accessible form, and, most importantly, teach the patient and his family members specific techniques for self-monitoring, self-care and self-help.

Conclusion. The study proved the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm for teaching patients by medical workers, which was confirmed by the development of patients’ skills and abilities in selfmonitoring and self-help. Patients' behavioral habits have changed, their motivation to improve their health has increased, and they have become responsible for their health.
Personal characteristics of predisposition to destructive behavior
Authors: Plugina I. M. , Abakarova E. G. , Lukyanov A. S.
Published: December 2023

Aim. To identify personal characteristics determining the subject’s destructive behavior.

Material and methods. Students from Stavropol State Medical University and North-Caucasus Federal University (n=609) took part in the study. The following diagnostic methods were used: a tendency to abnormal behavior (A. N. Orel), a meaning-life orientation test (D. A. Leontyev), a self-attitude test (S. R. Panteleev), a self-organization of activity questionnaire (E. Yu. Mandrikova).

Results. We established that the sample corresponds to the characteristics of age-psychological and socio-professional development. The greatest severity by type of deviant behavior was found among respondents who are prone to overcoming norms and rules, and among those who have a reduced tendency to control emotional reactions. The least pronounced were tendencies to delinquent and addictive behavior, the tendency to aggression and violence. The dominant trends in this context are students’ understanding of the emotional richness of their ives, and the average psychological portrait of the respondent reflects their focus on themselves when implementing life’s tasks. On average, students are open to change, accept and value themselves, focus on their own strengths when planning and implementing future activities. They are focused on the present, understand the need to define the goals in life and activity. The study of individual parameters of personal characteristics and the severity of destructive behavior types made it possible to describe models of the relationship between these phenomena.

Conclusion. The study showed that the current situation in the development of society is accompanied by risk factors that cause states of emotional stress and maladaptation, which has a negative impact on mental health and behavior. Diagnosis of personal characteristics and the severity of destructive behavior types in students made it possible to describe models of the relationship between these phenomena through regression analysis. A reflexive analysis of the results obtained made it possible to reveal an invariant part of personal characteristics in models of destructive behavior and the presence of certain personal characteristics that can manifest themselves in the variable part of a model of destructive behavior.
Avaliação do fluxo parietal pela ultrassonografia com Doppler em cores no diagnóstico de atividade na doença inflamatória intestinal em pacientes pediátricos
Authors: Castellano Marco Aurélio , Scheeffer Vanessa , Petersen Vanessa , Silveira Themis Reverbel da
Published: December 2023

Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar a atividade da doença inflamatória intestinal (DII) por ultrassonografia (US) com Doppler em cores, comparada à concentração de calprotectina fecal (CF) em pacientes pediátricos. Materiais e Métodos: Em uma série consecutiva, no período entre 2014 e 2020, foram avaliados 53 exames de 44 pacientes pediátricos: 28 casos de doença de Crohn, 15 de colite ulcerativa e um de colite indeterminada. O diagnóstico da DII foi feito pelos critérios de Porto. O fluxo parietal foi a alteração estudada mais detalhadamente e classificada pelo pesquisador principal e por dois radiologistas pediátricos cegados aos valores de CF e de US Doppler. Baixo fluxo parietal foi definido pela captação de até 2 sinais de US Doppler/cm2, fluxo moderado entre 3 e 5 sinais/cm2 e alto fluxo mais de 5 sinais/cm2. Resultados: Houve concordância substancial entre os radiologistas (kappa = 0,73). Nos exames com baixo fluxo parietal a CF média foi 92 μg/g (intervalo interquartil: 33-661 μg/g) e nos exames com alto fluxo a CF média foi 2.286 μg/g (intervalo interquartil: 1.728-5.612 μg/g). Na amostra total, a US demonstrou sensibilidade de 89,7% e especificidade de 92,0% para detecção da atividade inflamatória, 95,5% e 90,9% na doença de Crohn e 81,3% e 100,0% na colite ulcerativa, respectivamente. Conclusão: Houve forte correlação entre a US da parede intestinal e os valores da concentração de CF na avaliação da atividade inflamatória na DII de pacientes pediátricos.
O apoio às cuidadoras familiares de pessoas idosas no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Romero Dalia Elena , Groisman Daniel , Maia Leo Ramos
Published: December 2023

Resumo: Este estudo objetiva identificar o tipo de apoio recebido por cuidadoras familiares de pessoas idosas na pandemia de COVID-19, assim como os fatores socioeconômicos de saúde e relativos ao cuidado associados. Utilizou-se dados do estudo CUIDA-COVID, questionário online realizado entre agosto e novembro de 2020 (n = 4.820). Foram construídos três modelos múltiplos, tendo como desfecho: apoio contratado, apoio familiar e ausência de apoio. As variáveis independentes relacionadas a aspectos socioeconômicos, de saúde e cuidado foram convertidas em categorias dicotômicas. O apoio familiar foi o mais comum (48,6%), seguido pelo ausência de apoio (38,3%) e apoio contratado (13,1%). Não foram observadas associações significativas entre raça/cor, situação de pobreza, problema crônico de coluna e estado de ânimo negativo com nenhum dos tipos de apoio. Foram fatores fortemente associados (RPajustada > 2,0) ao apoio contratado: a não diminuição acentuada da renda na pandemia; a não dedicação ao cuidado em tempo integral; a autoavaliação da saúde boa/excelente; e o alto grau de dependência da pessoa idosa. Para o apoio familiar, as principais associações foram: o não aumento acentuado do esforço dedicado ao cuidado na pandemia; a não dedicação ao cuidado em tempo integral; e a diminuição acentuada da renda na pandemia. Foram as características associadas ao ausência de apoio: viver com o idoso; dedicar-se ao cuidado em tempo integral; residir em domicílios com uma ou duas pessoas; e relatar um aumento acentuado do esforço dedicado ao cuidado na pandemia. No geral, as cuidadoras com apoio contratado tiveram as melhores condições socioeconômicas, de cuidado e saúde. A desassistência foi relacionada a piores condições de saúde e cuidado, enquanto o apoio familiar às piores condições socioeconômicas.