bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus: Clinical and laboratory features in hospitalized patients
Authors: Ashirova Mayra , Abuova Gulzhan , Kamytbekova Kulyan
Published: February 2023

Introduction: In December 2019, China first encountered an unknown SARS-CoV-2 virus, after which a global lockdown began, first in European countries, and after a while the virus spread around the world. The course of COVID-19 aggravates the presence of concomitant diseases in the patient, among which diabetes mellitus occupies one of the first places. It should also be noted that the two-way interaction between COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus creates a vicious circle in which COVID-19 leads to worsening of dysglycemia, and diabetes mellitus, in turn, exacerbates the severity of COVID-19.

In this article, we evaluated the relationship between diabetes mellitus and the prognosis of COVID-19 in patients of the Shymkent Infectious Diseases Hospital.

Aim: Assessment of the relationship of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) with the course and outcomes of COVID-19, depending on clinical and laboratory parameters and concomitant diseases in an infectious hospital in Shymkent.

Material and methods: Electronic medical records of groups of COVID-19 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) (n=49) and without diabetes mellitus (n=151) were analyzed: demographic, clinical, laboratory and instrumental research methods; treatment regimens, complications and outcomes.

Results: Compared with patients without diabetes mellitus, patients with diabetes mellitus had a significantly higher incidence of bilateral pneumonia (95.92%). According to complications and clinical outcomes, the incidence of respiratory failure (42% vs. 24%, P=0.022), acute heart failure (51% vs. 18%, P<01) and death (24% vs. 8.0%, P=0.01) in the diabetes group was significantly higher than in the group without diabetes mellitus. In addition, patients with diabetes mellitus had higher levels of neutrophils (P=012), C-reactive protein (P=008), procalcitonin (P<01) and D-dimer (P=032) and lower levels of lymphocytes (P=0.032) and albumin (P=034).

Conclusion: Diabetes is a significant risk factor for an unfavorable prognosis of COVID-19. In order to avoid adverse outcomes, more attention should be paid to timely prevention and treatment of patients with diabetes, especially those who need insulin therapy.
Effects of sevoflurane and propofol on hemodynamics during cardiac surgery: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Baiterek Bekzat , Mustafin Alibek
Published: February 2023

The anaesthetic support for various types of cardiac surgery such as coronary artery bypass grafting, heart valve repair or replacement is essential for success of a surgery. The planning of anaesthesia depends on the intended surgical procedure. The traditional approach is total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and inhalation with sevoflurane.
 Objectives: To identify the advantages and disadvantages of propofol and sevoflurane when cardiac surgery in adults.  
 Material and methods: A total of 40 patients were assigned randomly into two groups to receive: in Group 1 - propofol and in Group 2 - sevoflurane. The induction to general anesthesia started with intravenous fractional administration of 1-1.5 mg/kg propofol, 5-7 µg/kg fentanyl and 1.5-2 mg/kg ketamine. Pipecuronium bromide 0.07-0.1 mg/kg was used as a myorelaxant in all patients in both groups. The anaesthesia in group P was supported with propofol 4-6 mg/kg/min intravenously by means of a perfusor as anaesthetic. In group 2, sevoflurane at a dose of 1.7-1.9 MAC was used as an anaesthetic. To maintain anaesthesia in both groups, there was a fractional administration of fentanyl at a dose of 100 µg intravenously when the heart rate and blood pressure increase, piperonium bromide in a dose of 2 mg intravenously was used for muscle relaxation.
 Results: The mean arterial pressure, oxygen demand, energy expenditure, cardiac index, total peripheral resistance showed statistically significant differences between propofol and sevoflurane groups. Through the correlation analysis, the relationship between cardiac index and oxygen consumption was moderately relevant, as R was 0.4 and P>0.05.
 Conclusion: When the use of sevoflurane for anesthesia, the hemodynamic parameters were stable. The oxygen consumption, energy expenditure in patients were significantly lower compared to propofol using the sevoflurane anesthesia.
HALP score as a new prognostic factor for Covid-19
Authors: Çekiç Deniz , Arman Mehmet Emir , Genç Ahmed Cihad , Şenocak Didar , İşsever Kubilay , Çekiç Sümeyye , Nalbant Ahmet , Genç Ahmed Bilal , Yaylacı Selçuk , Tamer Ali , Karabay Oğuz
Published: February 2023

Objective: This research aims to analyze the HALP. (hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte. platelet) score of.survivor-deceased Covid-19 patients.

Material and methods: 590 patients with. Covid-19 were. included. in. this. study. Patients. were. divided. into two groups as survivor (n:296) and deceased (n:294). Patient information was collected from the hospital online system. The Study was conducted retrospectively, and it aims to.investigate.the association.between HALP score and.mortality.in Covid-19.patients.

Results: In.the deceased group.the.mean.age was 71.32±10.9 (n:294) while in the survivor.group, it.was 59.97±16.2 (n:296) (p:0.000). 65,6% of the deceased group were.male, while 55% of survivor group were male (p<0.001). The median HALP score was 11,45 (1,00-1594,00) in the deceased group, while it was 23,58 (1,73-231,75) (p<0.001) in survivor group. Through our analysis,.we have found.that.the.HALP score.was associated with mortality, thus the.relationship.between 1/HALP.score.and.mortality was examined. While the median 1/HALP was 0.08 (0.01-1.00) in deceased group, it was 0.04 (0.01-0.58) in the survivor group. ROC (receiver.operating.characteristic) analysis was executed for determining the cut off value of 1/HALP. The cut.off.value of 1/HALP for mortality was 0,064 ((AUC: 0,724 (0,682-0,767); 67,3% Sensitivity, 67,0% Specificity; p<0.001)).

Conclusion: There is a meaningful correlation established between low HALP score and.mortality. in.Covid-19.patients. We.have reached the.conclusion that using HALP score.to. predict.mortality.in.Covid-19.patients might be useful.
Oxidative Stress Marker Malondialdehyde and Glutathione Antioxidant in Hypertensive Patients
Authors: A. Hassan Ayat , Sayyah Sahera G.
Published: February 2023

The study included measuring the average concentration of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione for hypertensive patients in Iraq, specifically Basra Governorate, where the study group reached 50 patients (26males and 24 females), and the patients were divided according to age, gender, family history, period of illness, medication, and diet in comparison. With 40 healthy cases (19males and 21 females) as a control group. The results of the study showed a significant increase in lipid peroxide measured by (MDA) in the serum of hypertensive patients at a significant level (P<0.0001) compared with the control group. Also, its level increased significantly at (P<0.0001) with advancing age and according to the sex factor among the study group. And its level increased significantly at the level of significance (P<0.05) with the length of the disease period. The results also did not show significant differences for patients who have a family history, patients who are being treated with antihypertensive drugs, and patients who adhere to a healthy diet. The results also showed a significant decrease in the average concentration of (GSH) as an antioxidant at a level (P<0.0001) in the blood of hypertensive patients compared to the control group. This decline increases with age and in both sexes, males, and females. While the results did not show significant differences in the level of (GSH) in patients who have a family history, length of illness, medication, and adherence to a healthy diet. Moreover, a negative correlation was observed between the level of (GSH) and the level of (MDA) in the study group .We conclude through the results of the study that the presence of a defect in patients in the rate of concentration of (GSH) indicates an increase in free radicals, and that an increase in the level of (MDA) indicates an increase in the active types of (ROS), and this increase accompanies a decrease in antioxidants such as (GSH).
Influence of Transformational Leadership on Change Management in the County Governments in Kenya
Authors: Koske Tracy Chelangat , Munjuri Mercy Gacheri
Published: February 2023

The environment in which the County Governments in Kenya operate is dynamic and changes often. The 2017 elections brought in new changes such as 3 female governors for the first time in the history of Kenya. Despite this the county governments continue to apply old and traditional methods to solve new kind of problems. This has led to numerous reported cases of corruption, political rivalry, conflict of interest, mismanagement of funds and undue procedures followed contrary to the existing regulations. The general objective of this study was to establish the influence of transformational leadership on change management among devolved units in Kenya. Specifically, the study aimed at determining the influence of idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation and individual consideration on change management. This research adopted the Transformational-Transactional Leadership Theory, Kotter’s 8 Step Change Model and ADKAR model of change. A descriptive research design was used in this research. The 47 devolved units in Kenya served as the research population. This research relied on primary data collected through questionnaires. The collected data was converted into quantitative format to make analysis using statistical package for social sciences. The statistics generated were descriptive statistics which included mean and standard deviation and inferential statistics which included both correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. The study revealed a significant positive relationship between idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, individual consideration and change management among devolved units. Regression analysis revealed that 51.5% of changes in change management among counties were attributed to the four indicators of transformational leadership. In conclusion, idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation and individual consideration are essential in enhancing change management. Based on the findings, intellectual stimulation had the greatest influence on change management followed by inspirational motivation while individual consideration and idealized influence had the least influence. As a result, it is recommended that policy makers among the county governments should concentrate on transformational leadership because this improves change management.
Peran Budaya Organisasi dalam Mempengaruhi Loyalitas Karyawan di Grand Rocky Hotel Kota Bukittinggi
Authors: Hendrix Cindy Dameza , Abrian Youmil
Published: February 2023

This research was conducted because there are several phenomena in the form of employee displacement at Grand Rocky Hotel in Bukittinggi. Behind the high employee loyalty at Grand Rocky Hotel, there are still several employee complaints such as overtime work, and the high workload received by employees. The purpose of this study is to analyse how organisational culture affects employee loyalty at Grand Rocky Hotel Bukittinggi. The method used is a causal associative approach with a population of 106 employees and a sample determined by proportional sampling technique with a sample of 52 employees. The data collection technique used a questionnaire/questionnaire which was arranged according to a Likert scale. Data analysis uses linear regression analysis to see whether organisational culture has an influence on employee loyalty at Grand Rocky Hotel in bukittinggi.Based on the results of hypothesis testing that has been done, the R Square value is 0.124, meaning that the contribution of organizational culture variables to employee loyalty is 12.4% while 87.6% is influenced by other factors. Organizational culture has a positive effect on employee loyalty with a coeffitient value of 0.352, meaning that organizational culture plays a role or has an effect on increasing employee loyalty.
Pengembangan Pariwisata Berbasis Budaya Lokal dengan Analisis Bibliometrik
Authors: Kasmin Kasmin , Caesariano Lymbarski , Julian Mezi , Fahreza Gilang
Published: February 2023

Research on heritage diversity in Indonesia is still very rare, but for cultural heritage that is almost the same is found in several scopes or aspects of heritage in Indonesia. The problem that occurs in Indonesia is that the development of cultural heritage diversity (heritage diversity) still has a lot to be addressed, and the utilisation of functions that have not been maximised even though relics in the past or cultural heritage are part or characteristic of a nation or country including tribes. The search results using Publish or Perish (PoP) also show the lack of research journals on heritage diversity and cultural heritage. Through VOS Viewer, it was found that heritage diversity or cultural heritage is very potential to be developed and researched because it is still very minimal, especially regarding local culture. Culture-based tourism (Cultural Tourism) is a type of tourism activity that utilises culture as a tourist attraction visited by tourists in these tourist destinations, tourists will experience and learn about certain cultures. If the tourism industry can be managed properly, then tourism can ensure the preservation of nature and culture. In addition, tourism can also be a forum for employment for local communities around the tourist area. This research is qualitative research using Bibliometric analysis. Search results using Publish or Perish (PoP) and VOS Viewer with research objects in Pangandaran Regency, West Java Province.
Strategi Pengembangan E-Tourism Sebagai Media Pemasaran Pariwisata di Taman Purbakala Kerajaan Sriwijaya
Authors: Agustin Debby Angely
Published: February 2023

This study determines local government strategies in e-tourism-based advertising in Sriwijaya Royal Park, Palembang City and reveals the factors that influence local governments in formulating e-tourism-based advertising strategies in Palembang City. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. Data were collected from interviews and analysis based on indicators of human resources, facilities and infrastructure, and human resources. Data collection techniques are carried out by observation (observation), interviews (interviews), and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the strategy of Palembang City in implementing e-tourism is maximized by forming a team filled with special abilities or skills to master IT. Especially in terms of the concept of e-tourism, physical means are limited, but technical knowledge requires technical funds, such as photographers and graphic design specialists. The supporting factor for e-tourism-based promotion in Palembang City is the organization's efforts and collaboration with various stakeholders to promote tourism in the Sriwijaya Royal Archaeological Park
Strategi Pengembangan Desa Wisata Berbasis Wisata Agro di Desa Nglinggo Kabupaten Kulon Progo
Authors: Supriyadi Edouard Aryadi , Kurnia Dewi Emanuela Agra Sarika
Published: February 2023

The Special Region of Yogyakarta is widely known by the people of Indonesia as an area that still has many unspoiled areas for the construction of cutting-edge complexes. This type of tourism has become the most time-keeping vacation style and is popular in the eyes of the public today after several years of experiencing limited activities due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This has resulted in the emergence of a type of special interest tourism, namely alternative tourism called Tourism Village. Nglinggo Hamlet Tourism Village develops slowly through word of mouth and is able to move the local Hamlet community independently to play an active role in utilizing all sectors that can be used as tourist attractions. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques use observation, literature studies and interviews with several speakers. The use of SWOT analysis in this study is to systematically identify various factors aimed at formulating a strategy for developing the Nglinggo tea garden agro-tourism village. The results of this study show that there are strategies such as, SO, WO, ST, WT, to develop a tourist village, in Yogyakarta, Nglinggo in its opportunity to develop a tourist village to reach the peak of its success.
Penggunaan Lambang Kias dalam Tradisi Lisan Jambi
Authors: Yusrizal Yusrizal , Pratiwi Anggia , Eriyani Elfa
Published: February 2023

Tradisi lisan Jambi diambang kritis. Istilah ini tepat digunakan untuk menggambarkan kondisi tradisi lisan di Provinsi Jambi yang mulai dilupakan. Tradisi lisan hanya ditampilkan ketika saat acara resmi, minimnya inventarisasi dan dokumentasi tradisi lisan, serta dalam pembelajaran sastra (terutama sastra lisan) di sekolah, guru hanya menyadur silabus dan materi dari internet. Misalnya, menyesuaikan dengan kearifan lokal yang dimiliki oleh daerah satu di antaranya tradisi lisan. Hal ini menyebabkan sebagian masyarakat terutama generasi muda tidak mengetahui dan memahami tradisi lisan daerahnya sendiri, terutama makna ungkapan dalam tradisi lisan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan mengungkap penggunaan simbol kiasan dalam tradisi lisan tradisional Jambi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode analisis isi. Data penelitian ini adalah tradisi lisan tradisional Jambi. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa penggunaan lambang kiasan dalam tradisi lisan Jambi dalam bentuk kalimat. Pertama, penggunaan lambang kiasan hewan didasarkan pada kedekatan dengan manusia. hewan sebagai sumber pangan, ekonomi, penolong dalam aktivitas, dan ancaman dianalogikan dengan kehidupan manusia. Kedua, penggunaan lambang kiasan tumbuh-tumbuhan didasarkan pada kebutuhan masyarakat akan pangan, sumber pendapatan, dan sebagai pakan ternak serta kondisi wilayah agraris Jambi. Ketiga, penggunaan simbol kiasan manusia meliputi fisik, pengalaman batin, aktivitas, dan benda-benda di sekitar kehidupan. Pendayagunaan manusia: tubuh, jiwa, aktivitas hidup dan kehidupan.
The trouble with antibiotics
Authors: Palyutin ShH , Zilber IE , Pozdnyakov NO , Sinitsina OA , Speshilova SA , Sirotkina AM
Published: February 2023

During the long history of antibiotics, resistance of causative agents of main infectious diseases was estimated as a very serious threat to effective treatment of patients and as a social and economic problem faced by the entire mankind. The activities performed by the medical society provided no significant effect resulting in growing antibiotic resistance. The pandemic of novel coronavirus infection only made things worse. It became a new challenge for the medical community regarding searching solutions which are clinical, organizational and methodological by nature in the global struggle with resistance to antibiotics. The reviews of several studies of coronaviral infections have shown that treatment with antibiotics failed to correlate with the decreased all-cause mortality. In this work, we have reviewed some aspects of therapy with antibiotics, including ethical ones. Ethical aspects of antibiotic therapy concern decisions of physicians about administration of commonly unnecessary antimicrobial agents.
Self-assessment of health and lifestyle as a basis for understanding health preservation by schoolchildren
Authors: Goncharova DG , Sokolova AI , Izotova LV
Published: February 2023

The article describes the possibility of using the data on the health status and lifestyle self-assessment obtained during the questionnaire survey of high school students in the teacher's preventive activities aimed at preserving and improving the schoolchildren's health. The main indicators that according to the respondents determine their quality of life have been revealed, and health status is ranked only third. It has been found that 40% of students consider their health to be “good”, while 53% currently do not worry about their health at all. Certain characteristics of physical activity, nutrition, sleep schedule, prevalence of bad habits in students attending schools of various types are provided. Despite high subjective assessment of physical activity, only 8% of schoolchildren do morning excercises every day, most of students do not attend sports sections. More than 40% of students sleep less than seven hours, which has a negative effect on the adolescents' health. Evidence has been obtained that 19% of schoolchildren have tried vaping and 13% vape regularly, which is definitely worrisome.
Choosing propulsion device for underwater apparatus of ship power plant
Authors: Gorodnikov Oleg Aexandrovich , Avvakumov Andrey Evgen'evich , Shutov Vasiliy Vital'evich
Published: February 2023

The article considers the problem of improving and providing the ability to regulate motion of the parts of a ship power plant (underwater apparatus) used to eliminate the emergency spills of oil and petroleum products. The problem of emergency spills of oil and their elimination is urgent today. At all stages of oil use, from oil exploration and production to waste disposal, the environment is polluted due to oil spills, emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere, water and onshore. As the oil product manufacturing develops, the volumes of accidental spills also increase. Emergency spills of oil and oil products lead to irreversible consequences and large resources are allocated for their elimination. Using the underwater apparatus of the ship power plant for elimination of emergency spills of oil and oil products allows sorbent spraying in broken and solid ice. There has been developed a pilot model with a ballasting device under water at a constant depth, which creates difficulties when maneuvering and moving it under thick ice, as well as in broken ice pieces of a large size. Calculations help choose the most optimal engines and propellers to regulate the depth of the apparatus’s lifting and submersing during its operation. It has been recommended to introduce a new technical device for liquidation of emergency spills of oil and oil products, which has no analogues in the world.
Studying anti-friction and anti-wear properties of marine lubricants containing layered friction modifier
Authors: Chanchikov Vasiliy Aleksandrovich , Guzhvenko Ivan Nikolaevich , Andreev Aleksander Ivanovich , Pryamukhina Mariya Sergeevna , Shulimova Marina Aleksandrovna
Published: February 2023

The paper highlights the results of anti-friction and anti-wear tests of samples of lubricating media containing a layered friction modifier - molybdenum diselenide. The main variable test conditions are the load on the test samples, volume concentration of the layered friction modifier in the lubricating oil, preliminary storage time of the lubricating composition before testing. The main evaluation criteria are the mass wear of samples, wear intensity, friction coefficient. Each of the eight test cycles was implemented on a tribotechnical installation of an original design using a cylindrical contact type. The resource indicators transferred from the model conditions of the tests to the real tribological unit “ring-cylinder” of a marine diesel engine 6ChSP 18/22 were evaluated. According to the results of tribological studies, the effect of increasing the load on the model friction unit of the installation, containing a cylindrical wear pair of alloyed gray cast iron, was revealed, as a result of which the mass wear of the annular movable sample increases, and the resource transferred to the real tribological interface of the marine diesel engine “ring-cylinder” decreases in 1.13-1.23 times. The greatest influence on the wear indicators of model samples and the resource transferred to the real “ring-cylinder” interface of a marine diesel engine is the time of preliminary storage of a lubricant composition containing molybdenum diselenide as an additive. It has been proven that the deterioration of anti-friction properties (an increase in the average surface temperature of a segment sample and the friction force) is largely affected by a decrease in the volume concentration of an anti-wear additive in the oil. It has been found out that serious changes in the indicated estimated parameters are valid for the smallest loading step on the samples. General recommendations are formulated for the use of antiwear additives considered in the studies. It has been proved that storing lubricating compositions with additives is possible for a period of no longer than 3-4 days at given volume concentrations in the range of 0.5-1.0%, since if this period is exceeded by 25-40%, the diesel CPG resource may be halved with increased wear of its piston rings and cylinder liners.
Pelaksanaan Pengurusan Surat Keterangan Waris Terhadap Tiga Golongan Penduduk Di Indonesia Setelah Berlakunya Pma Nomor 16 Tahun 2021 Tentang Perubahan Ketiga Atas Peraturan Menteri Agraria/Kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional Nomor 3 Tahun 1997 Tentang Ketentuan Pelaksanaan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 24 Tahun 1997 Tentang Pendaftaran Tanah (Studi Di Kota Semarang)
Authors: Ardianti Elisabeth Oktiviani Kumala
Published: February 2023

Surat keterangan waris merupakan surat tanda bukti hak bahwa ahli waris yang disebutkan dalam suatu surat keterangan waris merupakan ahli waris yang sah dari pewaris. Berdasarkan PMA 1997 pengurusan surat keterangan waris dibedakan berdasarkan penggolongan penduduk. Namun ketentuan tersebut tidak berlaku lagi setelah adanya perubahan PMA 2021 yang mengubah pasal yang menyebutkan mengenai penggolongan penduduk. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pelaksanaan pengurusan surat keterangan waris pasca adanya perubahan PMA 2021 sudah tidak berdasarkan penggolongan penduduk, meskipun demikian pejabat yang berwenang tetap kelurahan, notaris, dan BHP. Dengan adanya perubahan PMA 2021, ahli waris dapat bebas memilih akan membuat surat keterangan waris di kelurahan, notaris, atau di BHP. Faktor yang menjadi penghalang dalam pelaksanaan pengurusan surat keterangan waris yaitu adanya permasalahan keluarga, permasalahan tanda tangan, dan adanya dokumen persyaratan yang hilang/tidak lengkap.Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa pertimbangan hakim dalam memberi wasiat wajibah kepada ahli waris non-Islam adalah agar ahli waris non-Islam terlindungi dari ketidakadilan rasial, juga agar asas keadilan universal Islami dan prinsip egaliter dalam kewarisan Islam terpenuhi. Putusan hakim tentang kedudukan istri dan anak (ahli waris non-Islam) terhadap harta peninggalan suami/ayah (pewaris yang beragama Islam) adalah sebagai ahli waris dalam konteks wasiat wajibah. Hal ini berimplikasi terhadap kedudukan istri dan anak yang non-Islam adalah sebagai penerima wasiat wajibah bukan sebagai ahli waris.
Uji Toksisitas Akut Ekstrak Etanol Bawang Hitam
Authors: Rumaseuw Ellen Stephanie , Iskandar Yoppi , Halimah Eli
Published: February 2023

Negara Indonesia memiliki keberanekaragaman hayati jenis tanaman yang tersebar di seluruh wilayah. Bawang hitam merupakan produk olahan bawang putih yang telah melalui proses pemanasan optimal pada suhu 70oC selama 21 hari. Bawang hitam dapat menjadi herbal terstandar bila telah melalui uji kualitas dan keamanan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui tingkat keamanan ekstrak etanol bawang hitam. Uji keamanan dengan cara uji toksisitas akut dengan 5 kelompok perlakuan yaitu kontrol negatif, kelompok I (5 mg/kg BB), kelompok II (50 mg/kg BB), Kelompok III (300 mg/kg BB), kelompok IV (2000 mg/kg BB). Penelitian yang diperoleh menyatakan bahwa parameter standar bawang hitam memenuhi parameter standar umum tumbuhan Indonesia. Pemberian ektrak etanol bawang hitam menimbulkan gejala-gejala toksik ringan selama pengamatan pada uji toksisitas akut dan memperoleh nilai LD50 > 2000 mg/kg BB yang termasuk pada kategori 4 pada OECD Guidelines for The Testing of Chemicals.
Studi In-Silico Ekstrak Dalam Tanaman Ranti (Solanum nigrum) Sebagai Inhibitor Jak2 pada Penyakit Leukemia Limfoblastik
Authors: Christine Christine , Pebriani Fathia , Al Faruq Muhammad Ariq , Florencia Carla , Muchtaridi Muchtaridi
Published: February 2023

Leukemia Limfoblastik Akut (LLA) merupakan penyakit hematologi heterogen yang ditandai dengan proliferasi sel limfoid imatur di sumsum tulang, darah tepi, dan organ lainnya karena adanya mutasi pada reseptor JAK. Beberapa tahun terakhir, strategi baru yang menargetkan protein terkait penyakit untuk degradasi seperti Proteolysis targeting chimerics (PROTAC) diteliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk studi in silico aktivitas senyawa penghambat STAT 3 dan JAK 2 pada tanaman ranti (Solanum nigrum L.). Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak meliputi, ChemOffice 2019, AutoDockTools 1.5.6., BIOVIA Discovery Studio 2021, dan Ligandscout.  Dari 17 senyawa tanaman ranti yang diuji, hanya 11 senyawa yang memenuhi aturan Lipinski rules of five dan prediksi ADMETOKS yang kemudian dilanjutkan dengan penambatan molekul. Hasilnya, senyawa N-Acetyl-L-tryptophan ethyl ester dinilai paling berpotensi sebagai antikanker, meskipun memiliki energi gibbs yang lebih rendah sebesar -6.38 kcal/mol apabila dibandingkan dengan ligan alaminya yakni -8.19 kcal/mol. Hasil menunjukkan tanaman ranti (Solanum nigrum L.) berpotensi sebagai kandidat pengobatan LLA, namun masih butuh penelitian lebih lanjut dengan perangkat lunak yang lebih lengkap.
Studi In Silico Senyawa dalam Daun Sirih (Piper betle L.) sebagai Inhibitor Enzim Asetilkolinesterase (AChE) pada Penyakit Alzheimer
Authors: Az-Zahra Farhah , Afidika Janifa , Diamantha Sagung D. A. , Rahmani Almeira E. , Fatimah Syifa , Aulifa Diah L. , Elaine Angela A. , Sitinjak Bernap D. P.
Published: February 2023

Alzheimer merupakan penyakit neurodegeneratif yang disebabkan oleh penurunan sintesis asetilkolin akibat pemecahan asetilkolin menjadi kolin dan asetat oleh enzim asetilkolinesterase (AChE). Senyawa dengan aktivitas inhibitor AChE diketahui merupakan kandidat obat yang menjanjikan untuk mengobati penyakit ini. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan studi in-silico terhadap senyawa dalam Daun Sirih (Piper betle L.) sebagai anti-alzheimer menggunakan metode penambatan molekuler dan prediksi Lipinski’s dan PreADMET. Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak meliputi, ChemDraw, BIOVIA Discovery Studio 2020, dan AutoDock Tools-1.5.6. serta situs SwissADME dan PreADMET. Dari hasil analisis, diketahui senyawa Piperin merupakan kandidat obat yang paling baik dengan nilai energi ikatan dan konstanta inhibisi berturut-turut sebesar -9.97 kkal/mol dan 0.049 um, dengan ikatan hidrogen yang terjadi pada residu asam amino PHE 295.
Interaksi Konstituen Kimia Lada Hitam (Piper nigrum L.) Terhadap Reseptor 5-HT1B Sebagai Antidepresan dengan Pendekatan In Silico
Authors: Sufi Nadia Adhani , Nauroh Judith , Nurani Neng Vera , Nurhaenifah Annida Adha , Harmonis Jacko Abiwaqash , Hidayat Syahrul
Published: February 2023

Depresi merupakan penyakit yang mempengaruhi perasaan, cara berpikir, dan tindakan. Depresi menyebabkan perasaan sedih dan / hilangnya minat pada suatu aktivitas. Depresi dapat diobati menggunakan antidepresan. Piper nigrum L. atau Lada Hitam merupakan tanaman yang dapat digunakan sebagai antidepresan. Pada lada hitam terkandung senyawa metabolit sekunder yang dapat sebagai antidepresan dengan mekanisme terhadap 5-HT1B. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari interaksi antara senyawa yang terkandung pada lada hitam yang berpotensi sebagai antidepresan terhadap protein 5-HT1B menggunakan metode molecular docking secara in silico. Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan aplikasi Autodock 4.2 untuk simulasi penambatan molekuler, divisualisasi dengan  Biovia Discovery Studio 2020 Client, dan analisis hasil farmakokinetika serta toksisitas dari senyawa melalui situs pre-ADMET. Hasil penambatan diperoleh senyawa piperettin memiliki potensi paling besar menjadi kandidat obat antidepresan melalui mekanisme agonis 5-HT1B dibandingkan senyawa uji lainnya karena memiliki energi ikatan sebesar -8,84 kKal/mol dengan ikatan hidrogen pada residu asam amino THR134. Berdasarkan analisis hasil prediksi, Piperettin memiliki sifat farmakokinetika dengan nilai CaCo-2 54,6793; HIA 98,050270% ; PPB  92,408768%. Hasil pre-ADMET senyawa menunjukan adanya dugaan potensi karsinogen.Kata kunci: 5-HT1B, Antidepresan, Molecular Docking, Piperettin, Piper nigrum
Reputation in the age of disruption: A case study of PT Pos Indonesia
Authors: Aditya Mario Osann , Erwina Wina , Priyatna Centurion Chandratama
Published: February 2023

Background: The age of disruption is inevitable nowadays, forcing companies to adapt to the current challenges and situations to stay relevant. PT Pos Indonesia is one of the companies experiencing negative impacts, resulting in decreased work performance, corporate stability, and even corporate reputation. Therefore, PT Pos Indonesia must swiftly retake the market narrative and improve its reputation. Purpose: The present study aimed to analyze the need of PT Pos Indonesia to bring back its reputation in the age of disruption. Methods: It is a qualitative and explorative case study. In-depth interviews, participatory observations, and document analysis collected data. Results: Pos Indonesia’s efforts to be able to move more quickly and precisely is a good step, with three primary reasons, namely to increase profitability, maintain stability, and show good growth prospects for the company. Other elements also accompany these three fundamental reasons due to observations made by Pos Indonesia. Conclusion: The company needs to consistently observe emerging gaps because it will significantly help Pos Indonesia stay relevant. In addition, consistency will also keep Pos Indonesia moving on track with corporate innovation, allowing it to improve the company’s presence and reputation in a shorter amount of time. Implication: Consistency is needed to increase profitability, maintain stability and show good growth prospects. If done consistently and optimally, this will keep Pos Indonesia moving in the corridor of corporate innovation and enable reputation improvement.
The Topos of the Unborn in Early Islamic Predestination Debates: A Study of the hadīth of Hudayfa Ibn Asīd in Sahīh Muslim
Authors: Eich Thomas
Published: February 2023

This article provides an isnād cum matn analysis of a hadīt transmitted by Hudayfa Ibn Asīd describing how an angel visits the unborn in the womb. During the visit, several things are predestined. The hadīt has a prominent position at the beginning of the chapter on predestination in the hadīt collection of Muslim. The article shows, how the arrangement of the material in that opening section, which has to be dated to the 9th century CE, had the effect of closing a debate whether the individual’s destiny in the hereafter is predestined.
Memory of Mass Persecution of Armenians and Assyrians in Four Recent Iraqi Novels
Authors: Maśko Adrianna
Published: February 2023

In recent years, a number of Iraqi intellectuals have participated in a discourse on pluralism in Iraq that includes a call to address the traumatic collective experiences of the country’s ethno-religious minorities. Such a confrontation with the “wounded memory” of these minority groups – along with a rewriting of the modern history of Iraq to incorporate their stories – would be an important step in creating a new collective memory, one of cultural pluralism, that could lead to a true coexistence among all Iraqis. Since it is very difficult to carry out this process due to deep sectarian divisions within Iraqi society, literature provides an alternative cultural field for the deconstruction and reformulation of existing “master narratives”. The purpose of the article is to examine literary representations of the “wounded memory” of minorities in Iraq. The examples used here are related to the 1915–1916 Armenian genocide in the former Ottoman Empire and the 1933 massacre of Assyrians in the northern Iraqi village of Simele. They can be found in the following novels written in Arabic by Iraqi authors of Christian origin: At-Tuyūr al-‘amyā’ (The Blind Birds, 2016) by Laylā Qasrānī, Sawāqī al-qulūb (The Streams of Hearts, 2005) by In‘ām Kaǧaǧī, ‘Irāqī fī Bārīs: sīra dātiyya riwā’iyya (An Iraqi in Paris: An Autobiographical Novel, 2005) by Samū‘īl Šam‘ūn, and Fī intizār Faraǧ Allāh al-Qahhār (Waiting for Farag Allah al-Qahhar, 2006) by Sa‘dī al-Mālih. This article is divided into three sections. An introduction is devoted to the aforementioned discourse. The second and solely descriptive section consists of three subsections focusing on literary characters who experience and/ or witness the tragic events and/or tell others about them. The third section contains concluding remarks and refers to several concepts formulated by researchers in cultural memory studies.
French Loans in Tunisian Arabic from Phonetic and Phonological Perspective
Authors: Oueslati Jamila
Published: February 2023

Tunisian Arabic, in addition to words inherited and borrowed from Arabic, has a considerable number of loanwords taken from such languages as Berber, Spanish, Italian, Turkish, French, and English. The main purpose of this paper is the inquiry into the words of French origin, since it is from French that Tunisian Arabic has borrowed a considerable amount of loanwords, a process that continues especially in the fields of technology, medicine, and internet communication. Although French loanwords have already been subjected to various and even detailed investigations, it does not seem that this problem has been sufficiently elucidated, in particular from a theoretical point of view. Several proposals for different approaches to French loanwords in Tunisian are offered here for consideration.
A Krimchak Memoirs of the Russo-Japanese War
Authors: Ianbay Iala
Published: February 2023

This paper describes a unique memoir written by a soldier about his experiences during the Russo-Japanese War 1904–1905. The memoir is written in the Krimchak ethnolect of Crimean Tatar using Hebrew letters. This memoir changes our notion about the Krimchaks as a group of quiet, religious people, indifferent to their surroundings. The memoir’s author, Menahem Berman, appears as a person who takes an active part in different historical events of his stormy life, both in peacetime in Odessa before the war and after he was called up and during his journey through Siberia to fight in the war. He describes life in field conditions during the war in Manchuria and his life after the war in captivity in Japan. He is an observant man, taking notice of all that is around him and recording all the details and his impression of them. In this paper the content of the memoir will be discussed, and the quality of the manuscript is described. In a linguistical overview, the Krimchak ethnolect used in the memoir is shown to have an Oghuz grammatical form prevailing over the Kypchak form, and hence the ethnolect can be regarded as a patois of the basic southern dialect of Crimean Tatar. This paper also presents 100 initial sentences of the text in transcription and with translation and glossary.
Crosstalk between apoptosis and cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTLs) in the course of Lagovirus europaeus GI.1a infection in rabbits
Authors: Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej Paulina , Deptuła Wiesław
Published: February 2023

Introduction

Lagovirus europaeus is a single-stranded RNA virus causing an acute fatal disease in wild and domestic rabbits around the world. Studies have shown that the pivotal process impacting the immune response against the disease is apoptosis, registered mainly in hepatocytes and in peripheral blood, together with an increased number of cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTLs). It is known that cytotoxic lymphocytes can induce target cells to undergo apoptosis on the pseudoreceptor pathway, such apoptosis having been found in several acute and chronic viral infections. The study aimed to assess the crosstalk between the apoptosis of peripheral blood lymphocytes and CD8+ T lymphocytes (as CTLs) in rabbits infected with 6 Lagovirus europaeus GI.1a viruses.

Material and Methods

Sixty rabbits of Polish hybrid breed comprising both sexes and weighing 3.2–4.2 kg were the experimental group, and an identical group was the control. Each of the six GI.1a Lagovirus europaeus viruses was inoculated into ten experimental rabbits. Control rabbits received glycerol as a placebo. Flow cytometric analysis was performed on blood from the study and control group animals for peripheral blood lymphocyte apoptosis and CTL percentage determination.

Results

The activation of apoptosis in peripheral blood lymphocytes was recorded from 4 h post inoculation (p.i.) up to 36 h p.i. The percentage of CTLs in the total blood pool decreased from 8 to 36 h p.i. A negative correlation between apoptosis of lymphocytes and the number of CTLs was proven.

Conclusion

This may be the first evidence of virus-induced CTL apoptosis in Lagovirus europaeus GI.1a infection.
An Investigation of Conditions for the Meaning of Life
Authors: Crozat Elliott R.
Published: February 2023

According to purpose theory (PT), God’s existence, telic creation of human beings, and human libertarian free will are necessary conditions for human life to be objectively meaningful. In this paper, I raise and respond to four objections to PT: two concerning insufficiencies and two regarding ambiguities in the theory. I conclude that PT-advocates have relatively effective replies to the second insufficiency objection and to both ambiguity objections, but that PT is vulnerable to the first insufficiency objection.
Los jóvenes investigadores e innovadores del Huila becarios 2019: reflexiones de vanguardia y conocimiento en pro del desarrollo departamental
Authors: Bello Martínez María Jimena
Published: February 2023

La Revista Erasmus tiene el gusto de presentar el Número Extraordinario Jóvenes Investigadores e Innovadores 2019 que recopila los trabajos de 16 becarios, pertenecientes a la Universidad Surcolombiana, seleccionados en la Convocatoria Jóvenes Investigadores e Innovadores 2019 de la Gobernación del Huila que otorgaba 25 becas-pasantías para que los investigadores regionales tuvieran su primer empleo durante un año. Con orgullo, podemos decir que el 64% de las becas se quedaron en nuestra alma máter, resultados que reflejan la ardua y continua labor de la Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Proyección social, una gestión que va desde la asignación de recursos para mejorar las competencias investigativas hasta la exigencia de altos estándares de calidad y excelencia en la comunidad académica, docente y administrativa.
Técnicas de extracción, constituyentes volátiles, y ensayos biológicos de los aceites esenciales de algunas especies de Pasifloras en Colombia
Authors: Rojas Castaño Briand André , Narváez Zamora Luis Javier , Castañeda-Gómez Jhon Fredy
Published: February 2023

Los aceites esenciales (AE) son mezclas complejas, producto del metabolismo secundario de las plantas, que pueden contener una cantidad de más de 100 sustancias, tales como: terpenos, alcoholes, esteres, cetonas y otras funciones químicas que resultan de gran interés biológico. En Colombia, se registra el mayor número de especies del género Passiflora, cuyos metabolitos aislados sugieren una amplia gama de usos y aplicaciones en el sector salud, alimentos, cosmética y farmacéutica.  Debido a los escasos estudios que se han realizado hasta la fecha, se hace una discusión en este artículo sobre algunas investigaciones fitoquímicas a nivel nacional y regional de los aceites esenciales, las diferentes técnicas de extracción, composición química y ensayos biológicos para conocer el potencial farmacéutico, especialmente antimicrobiano de este tipo de sustancias químicas.
Reflexión Proyecto de Investigación “StoryMakAR-Extension”
Authors: Murcia Perdomo Orlando
Published: February 2023

StoryMakAR Extension es un proyecto de investigación cuyo resultado pretende convertirse en una herramienta educativa en pro de reducir las barreras que afrontan los niños al momento de interactuar con dispositivos electrónicos, a partir de un entorno de realidad aumentada y elementos del internet de las cosas. La investigación está compuesta de la implementación de una plataforma de hardware, la cual permite generar dispositivos del internet de las cosas y una de software que se encuentra encargada de programar fácilmente los dispositivos a través de bloques y simularlos una vez se encuentren listos. También, tiene el trabajo de desarrollar toda la interacción con la realidad aumentada que aspira a interesar al niño en el proyecto y motivarlo a que cree sus propias historias y pueda aprender mientras juega. El sistema fue desarrollado en el marco metodológico del construccionismo, por medio de un estudio de usuario dividido en 7 talleres, cada uno de 2 horas, con un total de 22 niños de edades entre 9 y 15 años. El enfoque central del documento estará dado para reflexionar sobre la sección del hardware del proyecto.  Fue llevado a cabo en el laboratorio C-Design Lab de la Escuela de Ingeniería Mecánica de la Universidad de Purdue en colaboración con un estudiante de Ingeniería Electrónica de la Universidad Surcolombiana, por medio de la beca pasantía otorgada a través del programa Nexo Global Huila 868.
Diseño de un lector óptico para la comunicación con un TAG por medio de identificación por frecuencias ópticas
Authors: Lugo Leal Luna Gabriela
Published: February 2023

La protección de animales ha tomado relevancia en los últimos años, de manera que hoy varias organizaciones trabajan para proteger su bienestar. En algunos países se ha aprobado la producción de huevos libres de jaulas y la crianza de animales sin ser enjaulados, generando dificultades en los monitoreos de la salud, alimentación y comportamiento. El enfoque general es cubrir estos problemas con la comunicación entre un lector óptico y un tag portado por cada animal, siendo el objetivo del proyecto de investigación el de diseñar el lector, un dispositivo que podrá detectar y obtener los datos del tag óptico. La comunicación utiliza una nueva tecnología llamada Identificación por Frecuencias Ópticas (OFID) de forma pasiva y fue creada por el PhD. Walter Daniel León-Salas y su equipo en el Laboratorio TinyLab de la Universidad de Purdue. El procedimiento realizado en el proyecto se divide en tres partes: primera, la detección de una celda solar por medio de TensorFlow para la cual se realizaron dos entrenamientos obteniendo un mejor performance en el segundo modelo; la segunda parte corresponde al incremento de los fotogramas por segundo (FPS) usando el acelerador USB Coral de Google y finalmente, el diseño de una interfaz. De esta última se han obtenido fotogramas habilitando la cámara rápida en la Raspberry Pi 4B, mientras que la lectura de éstos, calculando el RGB promedio, se encuentra en desarrollo. A futuro se realizará la replicación de las tres partes cambiando la celda solar por el tag óptico.
Llamado a realizar un adecuado uso de los subproductos del café
Authors: Jiménez-Ochoa Jessica P. , Gutiérrez-Guzmán Nelson
Published: February 2023

En la actualidad la cantidad de residuos generados por la industria del café es aproximadamente de 784.000 ton/año de biomasa residual, que incluyen el mucilago, pulpa, cascarilla, café molido mojado (Borra), entre otros (Serna-Jiménez, 2018); Este artículo presenta una propuesta de solución a los actuales problemas de eliminación de subproductos en la industria cafetera, tomando como base el proyecto: Desarrollo de un nuevo producto de infusión a base de pulpa de café deshidratada (sultana), cofinanciado por Colciencias y la universidad Surcolombiana, en el cual se evaluó el comportamiento químico de la pulpa de café deshidratada, así como la caracterización física y sensorial de la infusión. Realizado con el propósito de transmitir los resultados a los pequeños productores del sector cafetero, incentivándolos a implementar el uso de los subproductos, generando el valor añadido al café con bajos costos de inversión.