bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Transaction Costs of the South African Levy– Grant System for Skills Development
Authors: Lee Gregory
Published: June 2023

In this article, I seek to explore the ratio between the administrative transaction costs faced by organisations in South Africa for claiming skills development grants and the grants that they achieve. This simple trade-off of costs versus gains is a key factor in whether firms choose to participate in the training-related activities targeted by this system. Anecdotal sources have claimed that excessive administrative costs have led firms to under-claim grants available to them. However, no prior empirical research exists on such costs, presenting a gap in the literature. Accordingly, in this article, I explore the proportion of administrative transaction costs to direct gains in 14 case studies of South African organisations regarding their 2016 activities and expenditures. The results found half of the firms studied to have costs in excess of direct gains from grants. The remaining firms exhibited extreme variability in the cost–gain ratio from very low to near parity. Some evidence suggests that larger firms may enjoy a slight cost–benefit advantage. This research provides some support for the claim that the levy–grant system for skills development may present many organisations with excessive costs compared to gains. The high levels of variability suggest that policymakers should consider cost structures carefully and mitigate policy instruments.
Pengolahan Air Laut Untuk Bisnis Air Minum Isi Ulang Untuk Peningkatan Usaha BUMDES Serati, Desa Sungai Itik, Kecamatan Sungai Kakap, Kubu Raya
Authors: Danial Mochammmad Meddy
Published: June 2023

Permasalahan daerah pesisir di Desa Sungai Itik adalah belum adanya ketersedian air bersih dan ketidakberdayaan masyarakat pesisir terhadap teknologi pengolahan air laut menjadi air minum, di tengah-tengah kemajuan teknologi pengolahan air laut. Penerapan pengolahan air laut menjadi air tawar skala kecil sangat penting untuk masyarakat yang tinggal di kawasan pesisir, tidak hanya untuk kepentingan sanitasi dan kebutuhan air minum, namun juga bisa dijadikan sebagai multiplier effect untuk membuka bisnis air minum isi ulang berbahan baku air laut, serta bisnis turunannya, yaitu cuci motor dan laundry. Solusi permasalahan kekurangan air bersih adalah dengan desalinisasi air laut menjadi air tawar. Solusi kedua adalah dengan memberdayakan air minum yang diolah dengan membuka bisnis air minum isi ulang yang dikelola oleh badan umum milik desa (BUMDes). Dampak dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini kepada pengurus BUMDes dan pengurus masjid serta pesantren adalah pemahaman pengetahuan tentang teknologi pengolahan air laut dan indikator kualitas air seperti salinitas, TDS, kandungan mineral seperti Fe, dan Mn. Selain itu, BUMDes Serati Desa Sungai Itik mulai memasuki tahap awal dalam pengetahuan bisnis air minum isi ulang dari hasil olahan reverse osmosis. Kata Kunci: pengolahan air laut, reverse osmosis, bisnis air minum, BUMDes
Rescaling Classical Electron Transfer Energy as a Reaction Coordinate and Understanding the Influence of the Electrolyte Environment on the Reorganization Energy
Authors: Mitra Souvik , Heuer Andreas , Diddens Diddo
Published: June 2023

This research elucidates a rescaling approach for calculating quantum energies associated with charge transfer reactions, significantly reducing the need for expensive Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. Our strategy involves estimating quantum electron-transfer (ET) energies through a comprehensive analysis of computationally economical classical MD data. Consequently, DFT calculations are now only necessary for rescaling the classical ET energies on a much smaller dataset. Notably, our research also highlights that quantum effects, such as charge delocalization, can provide additional stabilization following redox reactions, which is not accounted for in the classical ET energy distribution due to its inability to consider charge delocalization. Moreover, this work examines how variations in the electrolyte environment can alter the reorganization energy and, consequently, influence ET dynamics.
Trypsin Encapsulation within Pectin-Poly(diallyldimethylammonium Chloride) Complex Coacervates
Authors: Akbulut Ilayda , Baydar Esra , Kayitmazer A. Basak
Published: June 2023

Active substances like pharmaceuticals and enzymes can be shielded from a variety of unfavourable environmental conditions, including high pH, organic solvents, and chaotic agents, by employing complex coacervation as an encapsulation strategy. One of the goals of this research is to form complex coacervate droplets using pectin, a carbohydrate present in plant cell walls, and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride), a synthetic homopolymer. Electrostatic interactions between the positive charges in PDADMAC and the negative charges in pectin are the main factors for coacervation to assemble. Encapsulation of the trypsin enzyme within complex coacervates made of PDADMAC and pectin was examined as a function of mixing order of these polyelectrolytes and at various salt concentrations to learn more about protein encapsulation within complex coacervates. There were three different mixing orders used. We examined the effect of ionic strength on pectin-PDADMAC system by turbidimetric titrations at six different salt concentrations. Light microscopy allowed us to observe the formation of coacervate microdroplets at these salt concentrations. In order to determine the degree of ionization of pectin at the optimal pH for trypsin, which is 7.5, potentiometric titration studies were carried out on pectin. The most efficient mixing order is chosen for the subsequent experiments. The impact on enzyme encapsulation was also investigated by varying the amounts of trypsin and polyelectrolytes. Enzyme activity was assessed following the selection of the most efficient encapsulation technique. Circular dichroism studies were used to determine if the secondary structure of trypsin altered during encapsulation.
Imaging voids and defects inside Li-ion cathode LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 single crystals
Authors: Martens Isaac , Vanpeene Victor , Vostrov Nikita , Leake Steven , Zatterin Edoardo , Auvergniot Jérémie , Drnec Jakub , Richard Marie-Ingrid , Villanova Julie , Schulli Tobias
Published: June 2023

Li-ion battery cathode active materials obtained from different sources or preparation methods often exhibit broadly divergent performance and stability, despite no obvious differences in morphology, purity, and crystallinity. We show how state-of-theart, commercial, nominally single crystalline LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 (NMC-622) particles possess extensive internal nanostructure even in the pristine state. Scanning X-ray diffraction microscopy reveals the presence of interlayer strain gradients and crystal bending attributed to oxygen vacancies. Phase contrast X-ray nano-tomography detects substantial quantities of nano-voids hidden inside the bulk.
Peripheral immune system modulates Purkinje cell degeneration in Niemann–Pick disease type C1
Authors: Yasuda Toru , Uchiyama Toru , Watanabe Nobuyuki , Ito Noriko , Nakabayashi Kazuhiko , Mochizuki Hideki , Onodera Masafumi
Published: June 2023

Niemann–Pick disease type C1 (NPC1) is a fatal lysosomal storage disorder characterized by progressive neuronal degeneration. Its key pathogenic events remain largely unknown. We have, herein, found that neonatal BM–derived cell transplantation can ameliorate Purkinje cell degeneration in NPC1 mice. We subsequently addressed the impact of the peripheral immune system on the neuropathogenesis observed in NPC1 mice. The depletion of mature lymphocytes promoted NPC1 phenotypes, thereby suggesting a neuroprotective effect of lymphocytes. Moreover, the peripheral infusion of CD4-positive cells (specifically, of regulatory T cells) from normal healthy donor ameliorated the cerebellar ataxic phenotype and enhanced the survival of Purkinje cells. Conversely, the depletion of regulatory T cells enhanced the onset of the neurological phenotype. On the other hand, circulating inflammatory monocytes were found to be involved in the progression of Purkinje cell degeneration, whereas the depletion of resident microglia had little effect. Our findings reveal a novel role of the adaptive and the innate immune systems in NPC1 neuropathology.
Vplyv pandémie na kvalitu služieb poskytovaných na letisku
Authors:   University of Žilina, Kováčiková Kristína , Baláž Martin , Kováčiková Martina , Vaculík Juraj
Published: June 2023

To keep pace with the rapid evolution of airports, it is essential to integrate multiple systems and smart solutions within the airport. However, the integration of such technology requires significant time, patience, and financial investment. The focus of this paper is on the quality of airport services in the aftermath of the pandemic. The pandemic has provided an opportunity for many airports to adopt smart technologies and solutions, which promote safety and provide passengers with a seamless, contactless experience. The objective of this study is to evaluate the current state of airport services following the pandemic by conducting primary research among airport passengers.
Design Optimization and Analysis of Tubing Head Spool for Surface Wellheads are used in the Oil and Gas Industry
Authors:   Student ME (Machine Design), Dhole Patil College of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra, India, Bogam* Omkar , A Anantharama ,   Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department,  Dhole Patil College of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra, India, Wani Prof.Anup ,   Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department,  Dhole Patil College of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Published: June 2023

The Tubing Head serves as the uppermost spool in a surface wellhead and is typically positioned above the production casing, which is the final string of pipe suspended within the well. It plays a vital role in various functions from well drilling to initial oil production. Tubing head spools have been employed in conventional surface wellheads for many years. However, the current design of the spool is characterized by its significant weight and bulkiness. While this design has proven its effectiveness in the field, there is a need for improvements in terms of size and shape. The primary objective of this study is to reduce the weight and modify the size and shape of the tubing head spool, specifically the 13-5/8”-10K Bottom X 7-1/16”-10K Top variant, utilizing Solidworks modelling and simulation techniques. By leveraging these tools, we aim to optimize the design, achieve weight reduction, and enhance the overall performance of the tubing head spool. The optimization process begins with a comprehensive analysis of the existing tubing head spool design to identify potential areas for improvement. This analysis includes evaluating the stress distribution, pressure containment capabilities, and material utilization of the spool. Various optimization techniques, such as finite element analysis (FEA) are employed to simulate and analyse different design scenarios. We successfully, achieved weight reduction of 5.16% in raw forging and 14.45% in finish part.
Integrated Use of Various Software Environments for Increasing the Level of Visualization and Perception of Information
Authors: Nemtinov V.A. , Podina A.A. , Borisenko A.B. , Morozov V.V. , Protasova Yu.V. , Nemtinov K.V.
Published: June 2023

Implementation of various software tools in the educational process affects formation of students’ professional competencies. This influence should be taken into account in scientific and methodological support of the modern education system. The purpose of the article is to develop a technology for creating educational VR content that provides immersion into a virtual thematic space using a variety of different software environments and improves the effectiveness of teaching. In this article, the technology of creating an electronic course using a complex of specialized software tools is considered. The initial stage of such technology is to develop a course description that includes data and knowledge about the object or phenomenon under study. Three-dimensional models of virtual objects created in SketchUp, Blender. Solidworks, Compass-3D, etc. are used for technical objects. Then 3D models of objects and landscape are used for creating a virtual space in the Twinmotion software package. Then photorealistic panoramas, images and videos are imported from Twinmotion into 3DVista Virtual Tour Pro to create a virtual tour. At the final stage, the virtual tour is integrated into the LMS Moodle learning management system. The implementation of the technology of integrated use of specialized software tools was tested in the creation of educational content that provides immersion into a virtual thematic space on the example of the course "History of the Tambov Region", which is included in many educational programs at Tambov educational institutions. High efficiency of developed educational content is confirmed by the survey results of several groups of students and its further analysis using Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) methodology; as well as by checking learning achievements based on testing two groups of students of 12 people each. The first test group studied the discipline using the proposed electronic content, and the second one without it. The test results showed that the proportion of correct answers to test questions in the first group was 17% higher than for the students of the second group. Thus, the authors proposed the technology for development of educational content, which includes a number of specialized software tools, as well as the organization of the educational process using innovative educational means. Moreover, the use of the proposed technology allows students to develop teamwork and interpersonal communication skills by interactive lectures and group discussions.
Bicubic Surface on a Fixed Frame: Calculation and Visualization
Authors: Korotkiy V.A. , Usmanova E.A.
Published: June 2023

The paper proposes an algorithm for calculating a composite bicubic surface with a fixed frame formed by longitudinal (along the x axis) and transverse (along the y axis) cubic splines. Frame line equations are taken as the main boundary conditions. According to the proposed algorithm, the problem is divided into two stages: first, the frame line equations are found and then the coefficients included in the equations of the bicubic portions forming the bicubic surface are calculated. This approach reduces the size of the characteristic matrix of the linear equation system by reducing the number of coefficients in the surface equation. The matrix size is reduced from 16mn to 9mn, where m and n are the number of bicubic portions along the x and y axes. Surface visualization is reduced to building a grid of longitudinal and transverse generators, the equations of which are formed from the surface equation by substituting y=const (longitudinal generators) or x=const (transverse generators).

In this paper we calculate and visualize bicubic surfaces with a frame formed by a mixed set of cubic splines and straight lines. The clarity of the examples is ensured by indicating the numerical values of all calculated magnitudes with an accuracy of up to nine significant figures.
Computer Simulation and Visualization of Wheel Tracks on Solid Surfaces in Virtual Environment
Authors: Maltsev A.V.
Published: June 2023

The paper describes methods and approaches for implementation of traces from virtual prototypes of wheeled technical vehicles on solid objects in three-dimensional virtual scenes. Use of particle systems hierarchically linked to wheel models is the basis of solutions developed. Original type of particle system is proposed, in which generation of elements is regulated by special control signal. Creation, processing, storage and destruction of particles is performed by means of the CUDA architecture with use of computing cores of modern graphics processor and video memory resources. Creating geometric model of each particle and its rendering is carried out on programmable graphics pipeline with own vertex, geometry and fragment shaders. Visualization of virtual environment with simulation of wheel tracks is performed in real time. Software modules were created based on developed methods and approaches. Approbation of them was carried out in virtual environment system VirSim and showed adequacy and effectiveness of proposed solutions for simulation of wheel tracks in virtual environment systems and training complexes.
POD-based Hydrodynamical Structures Visualization in Flows with an Internal Wave Attractor
Authors: Elistratov S.A.
Published: June 2023

Hydrodynamical structure attending a flow can be hid and hardly to reveal. One of the methods to find them is to use mode decomposition (such as Proper orthogonal decomposition, POD). The method represents the field given as a series of spatial modes multiplied by corresponding temporal coefficients. In the article the method is discussed applyingly to a complex flow with a wave attractor structure. Attractor modes present structured vortex-like figure which cannot be claimed to be aleatory.

As it turns out POD modes are not just a formal decomposition but have a physical origin: they are connected with instability cascade minor frequencies, as spectral investigation shows. Another consequence of that is that one of the collateral structure maximum can be visible. This proposition is proven as the structure is found to be visible in the flow itself.
Três corpos, uma mesma fronteira:
Authors: Ferreira Agra Fabio
Published: June 2023

Este artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre espaços e temporalidades, a partir da morte de três crianças e um adulto às portas das fronteiras durante travessias causadas por deslocamentos forçados. As imagens dos corpos de Alan Kurdi, Mohammed Shohayet e Angie Valeria e seu pai Óscar Alberto Martínez Ramírez nos apontam para a coexistência de espaço e temporalidades a partir de distintas fronteiras. A análise deste trabalho perpassa pelas fronteiras da Turquia com a Grécia, de Mianmar com Bangladesh e dos Estados Unidos com o México, espaços em que as mortes ocorreram. Nesse sentido, propõe-se que as imagens ecoam outas imagens a partir de uma mesma estrutura que leva à morte as pessoas que se arriscam em busca de um lugar seguro para viver. São imagens que evocam as mesmas vicissitudes enfrentadas cotidianamente por quem se desloca de maneira forçada, especialmente quando tratamos de corpos de sujeitos do sul global, e que se reproduzem dentro de uma mimese que representa os mesmos tempos e espaços e, também, outros corpos. Estas imagens simbolizam a era dos deslocamentos forçados a partir do sul global, em que as fronteiras são, nesse sentido, aparatos de controle que impedem jornadas seguras e que matam   pessoas. Tem-se na contemporaneidade o aumento significativo de deslocamentos forçados que, embora sejam um problema global, são um fenômeno que está catalisado no Sul, tanto em relação aos países que forçam pessoas a se deslocar para se tornar refugiadas quanto aos países que as acolhem. Desta forma, os deslocamentos forçados nestes últimos anos nos trouxeram algumas reflexões sobre visibilidade e imagens que se entrecruzam a partir de uma territorialidade, seja ela instituída pela experiência midiática como acontecimento ou pela própria experiência dos corpos que inscrevem suas próprias narrativas, suas próprias imagens.
Análisis narrativo e interseccional de relatos de mujeres migrantes colombianas en Costa Rica:
Authors: Ochoa Chaves Luisa Eugenia , Calderón Elizondo Ana Belén
Published: June 2023

El artículo expone el análisis de once historias de vida desde una perspectiva narrativa, así como el contraste desde una perspectiva interseccional. El análisis narrativo se concentró en la identificación de actores/actrices de las historias, escenarios, objetos y códigos culturales. Se destaca el papel de las mujeres como actrices y protagonistas de sus relatos junto con otros actores, como las familias, hijos e hijas, parejas, e instituciones u organizaciones que han dado apoyo a las mujeres migrantes en situaciones adversas o han obstaculizado su integración en Costa Rica. En cuanto a los escenarios, se identificaron espacios públicos y privados en donde las mujeres colombianas migrantes están expuestas a situaciones de violencia relacionadas con el género y con su nacionalidad. Con respecto a los códigos culturales, se identificó “la colombianidad” como una identidad en construcción desterritorializada. Y sobre los objetos se identificaron los “papeles” que brindan la posibilidad de estar legalmente en el país, el dinero como medio para obtener una garantía de seguridad, y el cuerpo de las mujeres objetivizado y marcado por estigmas relacionados con la nacionalidad y el género.
Desde el análisis interseccional se encontraron cuatro grupos de mujeres que poseen características comunes que permean sus procesos migratorios: 1) Mujeres con educación universitaria que buscan mejores oportunidades de estudio y de trabajo; 2) Mujeres madres que migran buscando seguridad ante la violencia intrafamiliar; 3) Mujeres hijas que les tocó migrar por decisión de sus familias; y 4) el caso de una mujer que tuvo que migrar para salvar su vida del conflicto armado. Finalmente, se hace una reflexión metodológica, en la que se reconoce la agencia narrativa, la posibilidad de contar la propia historia, como la oportunidad para resignificar la migración, subvertir los lugares de víctimas y reconocerse como heroínas de sus propias historias.
College Managers’ Views on The Employability of Vocational Engineering Graduates: A Case of The South African TVET College Sector
Authors: Ndlovu Nicolas , Van Wyk Micheal M
Published: June 2023

This study investigated the required competencies that TVET college engineering graduates need to be employable and become successful entrepreneurs after completing their studies. The study used a qualitative design and semi-structured interviews to collect the data. Purposive sampling was used to select the participants from three public TVET colleges in Gauteng. The study reported that National Certificate Vocational college engineering graduates need relevant engineering content knowledge, authentic practical engineering workplace experience, soft skills, technical skills and their application in the real world. It was also found that the engineering sector has a negative attitude towards TVET engineering graduates and that there is a lack of lecturers with engineering industry experience. We relied on a small sample; hence, the results of this study may not be generalisable, but moving forward, a cross-national study including all TVET programmes may be required; and, most probably, different results will be generated. We concluded by advocating the review of the TVET engineering curriculum and a paradigm shift to an intense formally supervised and examined industry-oriented workplace component that would boost the technical expertise of graduates. A widespread advocacy campaign in the engineering sector could also help to raise their awareness of TVET programmes.
Analysis of The Influence of Managerial Skills and The Charisma of The School Principal in Improving Performance and Teacher Professionalism
Authors: Aprianto Iwan , Astuti Andri , Fauzi Hairul , Gusvita Maisarah , Iswanto Iswanto
Published: June 2023

The objective of this study is to examine how the managerial skills and charisma of the school principal impact the performance and professionalism of teachers at MA A Yani Bangil and MA Al-Hikmah Bangil. The study adopts a quantitative research design with a cross-sectional approach. The participants in the research are teachers employed in both institutions, selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires that assess managerial skills, the school principal's charisma, teacher performance, and teacher professionalism. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics and multiple regression tests. The findings of the study demonstrate that both managerial skills and the school principal's charisma significantly influence teacher performance and professionalism. Specifically, the managerial skills of the school principal positively affect teacher performance and professionalism, and the school principal's charisma also has a positive impact on teacher performance and professionalism. These findings indicate that school principals with strong managerial skills and charismatic qualities can shape the performance and professionalism of teachers in the context of these educational institutions. This study contributes significantly to understanding the factors that influence teacher performance and professionalism. The implications of these findings emphasize the importance of focusing on the development of school principals' managerial skills and enhancing their charisma to enhance teacher performance and professionalism. Moreover, this research lays the groundwork for future studies exploring additional factors that may influence teacher performance and professionalism in different educational settings.
Rancang Bangun Prototipe Fluid Friction Apparatus untuk Menganalisis Kehilangan Energi (Head Loss) dengan Varias Diameter Pipa
Authors: Luthfi Muhammad , Yulianto Totok
Published: June 2023

Rancang bangun prototipe fluid friction apparatus telah selesai dirancang dan diuji pada penelitian ini. Pembuatan prototipe ini dilakukan di laboratorium Universitas Hasyim Asy’ari Tebuireng Jombang. Head loss atau kehilangan energi adalah suatu fenomena rugi-rugi aliran di dalam sistem perpipaan. Head loss yang terjadi prinsipnya ada dua macam, yaitu head loss mayor dan head loss minor. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang bangun prototipe fluid friction apparatus yang dapat digunakan untuk media pembelajaran dalam menganalisis head loss skala laboratorium. Bahan pipa terbuat dari Poly Vynil Chloride (PVC) kelas AW dengan beberapa variasi diameter yang digunakan, yaitu diameter 1”, ¾” dan ½”. Tekanan air diukur menggunakan pressure gauge digital serta pengukuran debit menggunakan flowmeter. Pengujian kehilangan energi dilakukan pada pipa diameter 1”, pipa diameter ¾” dan pipa diameter ½”. Hasil pengujian dari prototipe menunjukkan bahwa pipa diameter 1” mengalami head loss mayor sebesar 0,092 m, pipa diameter ¾” mengalami head loss mayor sebesar 0,245 m dan pipa diameter ½” mengalami head loss mayor yang terjadi sebesar 0,571 m. Berdasarkan hasil yang telah dicapai, kesimpulan yang didapatkan adalah Nilai head loss mayor mengalami penurunan seiring bertambah besar diameter pipa.
Entrepreneurship Education: Encouraging Entrepreneurial Intentions for Equality Education Students in Semarang
Authors: Shofwan Imam , Sunardi Sunardi , Gunarhadi Gunarhadi , Rahman Abdul
Published: June 2023

This study aimed to determine the factors that influence students' entrepreneurial intentions and the influence of entrepreneurship education on students' intention to become entrepreneurs. This research study used a mixed methods approach. The collection of research data was carried out with the help of a questionnaire (for quantitative data) and through group discussion forums (for qualitative data). Respondents in the study were 100 students who attended equality education in Semarang. This shows found there is a difference between the levels of interest of students who take part in entrepreneurship learning and those who do not. Family background and income have positive effects on students' intentions to become entrepreneurs. Students with entrepreneurial family backgrounds tend to be more interested in becoming entrepreneurs than students who do not have an entrepreneurial family background. In addition, students' perspectives on entrepreneurship positively affected their entrepreneurial intentions. Significance: Students' perspectives on entrepreneurship are related to their motivation to start new businesses that would be easily accepted by the social environment. All respondents agreed that entrepreneurial intentions could be improved through the role of entrepreneurship education during inequality education. To ensure the education is more targeted and all entrepreneurship education goals are achieved, it should have more effective curricula, methods, and learning system models. Cooperation between all elements incorporated in the entrepreneurship education system is indispensable for generating successful young entrepreneurs through entrepreneurship education.
Promoting Critical Thinking through Socratic Questions in Health Sciences Work-Integrated Learning
Authors: Hu Zijing
Published: June 2023

Critical thinking is an essential skill that needs to be developed in students to provide quality support, care and well-being for their patients. It is an important skill that includes critical decision-making, evaluating the situation, communicating and participating in the decision-making. These skills are aligned with the 21st century work skills required for efficient and quality outputs. The Socratic question technique has been found to be an effective approach to promote and enhance students’ critical thinking during their work-integrated learning. This study aimed to explore students’ experiences of Socratic questioning to promote their critical thinking skills during the work-integrated learning of an acupuncture programme at a South African higher education institution. This study used a qualitative case study design embedded within an interpretivist paradigm. The research setting was a public university in Gauteng province. The purposive sampling technique was used to invite participants. Six (6) participants voluntarily agreed to participate. The data collection instrument was text-based interviews. Data were analysed inductively whereby themes were identified and analysed. Trustworthiness and its relevant principles were adhered throughout the study. The findings of this study revealed that students acknowledged the value of Socratic questioning in work-integrated learning to improve critical thinking. They further agreed that the technique gave them the opportunity to be self-reflective. However, participants indicated that there is a need for academics to be thoroughly familiar with Socratic questioning to add value to their learning. More time should be allocated for Socratic questioning during work-integrated learning. This study concluded that Socratic questioning was essential and pertinent to promote students’ critical thinking during work-integrated learning. There is a need to provide training for academics and clinical instructors to be knowledgeable on how to utilise Socratic questioning methods appropriately. Further studies are recommended to be conducted at international levels with different research approaches.
Effect of zinc and boron on the performance of rainy season local potato variety “Sete” (Solanum tuberosum L.) at Rukumkot, Rukum East, Nepal
Authors: Kohar Dhaniraj , Gupta Akash , Siwakoti Prem Prasad , Gouli Sandeep , Shrestha Prajwol , Sah Rajan
Published: June 2023

A field experiment was carried out at Rukumkot, Rukum East, Nepal during the rainy season of 2021 to study the effect of boron and zinc on vegetative growth and yield parameters of the local “Sete” variety of potato. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 4 replications, and 7 treatments i.e., control, boron @2kg/ha soil application, zinc @4.5kg/ha soil application, boron @2kg/ha + zinc @4.5kg/ha soil application, 0.1% boron spray, 0.1% zinc spray and 0.1% boron+ 0.1% zinc spray. The highest tuber yield per hill and productivity was reported in boron @2kg/ha + zinc @4.5kg/ha soil application i.e., 2888.52 grams and 27.51 ton/ha, respectively. A similar result was shown by zinc @4.5kg/ha soil application. Plant height (26.33cm, 46.57cm), number of branches (4.85, 12.02) and number of leaves per plant (30.05, 73.70) were significantly high in boron @2kg/ha + zinc @4.5kg/ha soil application at both 45 DAP (days after planting) and 60DAP. Soil application of only boron, only zinc and boron + zinc increased the total yield of tubers by 10.23%, 24.66% and 25.66%, respectively over the control. The foliar application of only boron, only zinc and boron + zinc increased the total yield of tubers by 4.22%, 2.07% and 12.37%, respectively over the control. Hence, research suggested combined soil application of zinc and boron at the rate of 4.5kg/ha and 2kg/ha, respectively over the foliar cum solitary application of micronutrients for increasing number of medium and large sized tubers and get an overall high yield of potato.
Reproductive biology and gonadal cycle of Indian Potasi, Neotropius atherinoides (Bloch 1794) in Bangladesh
Authors: Das David Rintu , Mithun Mahmudul Hasan , Moniruzzaman Md. , Dey Shishir Kumar , Begum Nasima , Mahmud Yahia
Published: June 2023

The present study was conducted to investigate the reproductive biology of Neotropius atherinoides in Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Floodplain Sub-station, Santahar, Bogura, Bangladesh. A total number of 70 fish samples were collected on monthly basis from Atrai River and Jamuna River during the period from September 2021 to August 2022. The highest mean value of the gonado-somatic index (GSI) was recorded in July (12.55±2.50), whereas the lowest was found in January (0.46±0.11). Highest individual fecundity (7000±1900) and ova diameter (0.50±0.07 mm) was also observed in July. From the histological observation of the ovary, early peri-nucleolar stage, late peri-nucleolar stage, yolk vesicle stage, yolk granule stages were identified where the highest percentage (80%) of mature oocytes were observed in July. Based on the GSI, fecundity, and gonadal histology, the breeding season of N. atherinoides was observed from May to August and recorded a remarkable peak in July. In case of length weight relationship (LWR), the coefficient of determination value (r2) was found 0.95 and slope was found b=1.02 which indicated the pattern of negative allometric growth of this species as b<3. In contrast, an increase was recorded in the fecundity associated with the rise of total length, body weight, and gonad weight, showed a significant linear relationship. This study would assist in the development of induced breeding techniques and provide valuable information for the sustainable management of this population in the inland open ecosystem.
Production systems and contributions of grain legumes to soil health and sustainable agriculture: A review
Authors: Okumu Oliver , Otieno Hillary M. O. , Okeyo Gidraf O.
Published: June 2023

Sustainable development of agriculture is essential, and there is unanimity that diversification of the cropping systems could support sustainable production. Grain legumes are essential in farming systems in terms of food and nutrition security and income generation. Under legume-based cropping systems, these crops are a potential remedy to pest and disease issues, low nutrient supply, biodiversity protection, and food and nutrition insecurity. In this chapter, we highlight the production systems of legumes and their use in sustainable agricultural production. Specifically, we have looked at the benefits of having a legume cropping system in the agroecosystem, production, and farming systems. The function of legumes in improving the potential of crop productivity is a promising approach to tackling the challenges of poor crop yields and improvement in sustainable production. Due to health and environmental benefits, the focus should shift to breeding grain legumes that can fully express their biological nitrogen fixation and other potentials under abiotic and biotic limitations.
Effect of Wolbachia as biocontrol agent on fecundity and survival of cassava whitefly in northwest Nigeria
Authors: Magaji Muhammad Dan Yaro , Mohammed Ibrahim Umar , Jega Ibrahim Yusuf , Musa Abdulrahman
Published: June 2023

Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Genn.) is known to vectored Cassava mosaic virus (CMV) and Cassava brown streak virus (CBSV), these viruses caused major diseases of cassava in Africa. An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of Wolbachia as biocontrol agent on fecundity and survival of whitefly infesting cassava. Whiteflies infesting cassava were captured and reared using rearing cages. Wolbachia was isolated from infected cassava whiteflies, cultured and used for the inoculations. The experiment was conducted under control conditions using glass cages. Results of this research revealed that number of eggs lay by Bemisia tabaci inoculated with Wolbachia significantly (P = 0.05) reduced weeks after inoculation which significantly differ among the cassava genotypes. Number of eggs lay by B. tabaci free of Wolbachia was significantly higher (964.35) than those inoculated with Wolbachia (46.541) at 4 weeks after inoculation (4WAI). The genotype ‘Dan Aliero’ had the highest number (4WAI 82.33), while, ‘Farin rogo’ had the lowest number of eggs (4WAI 23.33). Number of whitefly nymphs and adults also significantly reduced when B. tabaci was inoculated with Wolbachia. ‘Dan Aliero’ had the highest number of whitefly nymphs and adults (4WAI = 59.00) and (4WAI = 51.00), respectively. ‘Farin rogo’ recorded the lowest number of whitefly nymphs (17.67) and adults (13.00) at 4WAI, respectively. For the first time, Wolbachia were evaluated for whiteflies management. From the finding of this study, Wolbachia can be used as biocontrol agent to suppress whiteflies infestation on cassava and other vegetable crops.
Maximizing yield of aromatic fine rice through application of zinc and poultry manure
Authors: Rasel Md Abu , Jha Shivanand , Islam Sultan Md. Monwarul , Hasan Ahmed Khairul , Rashid Md. Harun , Paul Swapan Kumar
Published: June 2023

Zinc (Zn), one of the most important micronutrients for plants which play vital role in various metabolic functions and deficiency of this nutrient in agricultural soils associated with lower yield of rice in many regions of the world. The integrated use of organic and inorganic fertilizer has been found to be promising for sustainable crop production and poultry manure could be a rich source of organic matter. Considering these factors, a field experiment was conducted to observe the effect of zinc and poultry manure-based fertilization on the yield of aromatic fine rice, BRRI dhan34. Four levels of zinc and three levels of poultry manure (PM) were tested as treatment including control. Application of zinc, PM and their interaction significantly influenced the growth and yield of rice that result the tallest plant (131.33 cm), maximum number of effective tillers/hill (13.89), grains/panicle (128.54), 1000-grain weight (12.09 g) and highest grain yield (3.21 t/ha) where 4 kg Zn/ha were applied. On the other hand, tallest plant (129.92 cm), maximum number of effective tillers/hill (9.13), grains/panicle (128.23), 1000-grain weight (12.05) and grain yield (3.24 t/ha) were obtained where 10 t/ha of PM were applied. The interaction between application of 4 kg Zn/ha and 10 t PM/ha performed best in all yield contributing characters and results maximum grain yield (3.64 t/ha). Therefore, 4 kg Zn/ha along with 10 t PM/ha was found to be suitable combination for cultivation of aromatic fine rice.
Evaluation of a new hyperbaric oxygen ventilator during volume-controlled ventilation
Authors:   Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, Wang Cong , Xue Lianbi ,   Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, Yu Qiuhong ,   Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, Liu Yaling ,   Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, Ren Ziqi ,   Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, Liu Ying ,   Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Published: June 2023

Introduction: The performance of the Shangrila590 hyperbaric ventilator (Beijing Aeonmed Company, Beijing, China) was evaluated during volume-controlled ventilation. Methods: Experiments were conducted in a multiplace hyperbaric chamber at 101, 152, 203, and 284 kPa (1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.8 atmospheres absolute [atm abs]). With the ventilator in volume control ventilation (VCV) mode and connected to a test lung, comparison was made of the set tidal volume (VTset) versus delivered tidal volume (VT) and minute volume (MV) at VTset between 400 and 1,000 mL. Peak inspiratory pressure was also recorded. All measurements were made across 20 respiratory cycles. Results: Across all ambient pressures and ventilator settings the difference between VTset and actual VT and between predicted MV and actual MV were small and clinically insignificant despite reaching statistical significance. Predictably, Ppeak increased at higher ambient pressures. With VTset 1,000 mL at 2.8 atm abs the ventilator produced significantly greater VT, MV and Ppeak. Conclusions: This new ventilator designed for use in hyperbaric environments performs well. It provides relatively stable VT and MV during VCV with VTset from 400 mL to 800 mL at ambient pressures from 1.0 to 2.8 atm abs, as well as VTset 1,000 mL at ambient pressures from 1.0 to 2.0 atm abs.
Successful delayed treatment of acute glans penis ischaemia after adult circumcision: a case report
Authors:   Department of Intensive Care and Hyperbaric Medicine, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia, Lo Kenneth ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia, Katz Darren ,   Men’s Health Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,   Department of Surgery, Western Precinct, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,   Department of Urology, Western Health, Victoria, Australia, Chan Vincent ,   Men’s Health Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,   Department of Urology, Western Health, Victoria, Australia, Millar Ian ,   Department of Intensive Care and Hyperbaric Medicine, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
Published: June 2023

Penile glans ischaemia post-circumcision is very rare. A 20-year-old male presented with glans ischaemia following an elective circumcision and was successfully treated with a combination of subcutaneous injection of low molecular weight heparin 0.5 mg·kg-1 twice-daily, oral Tadalafil 5 mg once-daily for three days and 12 hyperbaric oxygen treatments at 243 kPa (2.4 atmospheres absolute) beginning 48 hours after the onset of ischaemia.
Case-Based Experiential/Immersive Learning for Business Problem-Solving: A Plan in Progress
Authors: J. Andriole Stephen
Published: June 2023

Aim/Purpose.
Business schools need to design, develop and deliver courses that are relevant to business problem-solving. Current pedagogies do not often provide the insight – or experience – necessary to close the gap between theory and practice.

Background.
The paper describes an initiative to design, develop and deliver courses in business-technology problem-solving that thoroughly immerses students in the actual world of business.

Methodology.
The methodology included case-based analysis where actual cases where selected to model problem-solving scenarios.

Contribution.
Several courses are developed that immerse students into actual problem-solving experiences.

Findings.
The courses will be delivered to business students to assess the impact of immersive/experiential learning.

Recommendations for Practitioners.
Additional courses should be informed by actual cases; the commitment to relevance should be expanded.

Recommendations for Researchers.
Ongoing research to measure the impact of immersive/experiential learning is recommended.

Impact on Society.
Business schools should rethink the content of their courses and the pedagogies that have dominated business schools for many decades.

Future Research.
Additional research will include more courses and additional immersive/experiential pedagogies.
MODELS OF INDUSTRIALIZATION WITH THE CUMULATIVE EFFECT OF THE ECONOMIC POLICY PURSUED IN RUSSIA
Authors:   Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of Economics, Sukharev Oleg S.
Published: June 2023

In the pre-sanctions period in the development of the Russian economy, the task of its industrialization caused scientific and political discussions. However, the issue of organizing the growth of a new quality, open economic wars and sanctions only increased its relevance. The purpose of the study is to typify the models of industrialization of the Russian economy that would be consistent with the general task of stimulating economic growth, taking into account the cumulative effect of the ongoing economic policy, which manifests itself not only at the macroeconomic level, but also in the implementation of sectoral government measures. The task was also a theoretical substantiation of the cumulative effect of state policy on development goals. The research methodology is based on the theory of economic growth and economic policy, the author’s theory of economic system restructuring; it involves the use of econometric, taxonomic, comparative empirical analysis. The general result of the study is that, firstly, the introduction of a concept of various options for the cumulative effect and the strength of economic policy instruments; secondly, the confirmation of technological stagnation in the Russian economy, at least in civil industries, what is requiring active industrialization, reduced to technological re-equipment; thirdly, obtaining conditions for assessing the growth of the economy during its industrialization, which is reduced to the growth of the sector of means of production, which creates them for its own functioning and ensuring other types of activity. The model of industrialization as a restructuring is also shown, acceptable deindustrialization and passive industrialization are highlighted depending on the dynamics of the consumer sector. The ambiguity of the choice of the industrialization model at the theoretical level of analysis is confirmed, what provides a difficult choice when developing an appropriate policy, when it is necessary to take into account the cumulative effect. Thus, the perspective of the study is the refinement of specific instruments of industrial policy by industry with the identification of their current and potential force of use, in terms of achieving the goal of industrialization and economic growth.
PARK OF THE KRASNODAR STADIUM (2017-2023): MODERN INTERPRETATION OF THE CLASSICAL GARDEN STYLES
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Sokolov Boris M.
Published: June 2023

The paper provides, for the first time, a comprehensive analysis of the artistic features of the Krasnodar Stadium park and historical allusions associated with the compositions of this park. The park, opened to the public in 2017, has become a novelty in the international landscape culture and a landmark of Krasnodar. The main elements of the ensemble analyzed: concept, layout, roads and routes, volumes and space, green architecture and forms of the plants, water system, boundaries and zones, materials and textures, shapes and rhythms, play of light and conditions of nature. The works of art placed in the park are considered in detail: first, the compositions “Geolocation” and «Artificial Environment» of the Recycle group (2019) and, second, subsequent installations, the presence of which could be a matter of discussion. The historical garden styles that influenced the idea of the park are Italian, French, and English types and water gardens of the Middle East, as well as postmodern “landforms» by Charles Jenks. The large Japanese Garden (2023) is a new development of the park. The shift to the stylization makes it possible to summarize the image of the main park, in which the techniques of modern landscape art and the motives of historical heritage are summarized.