bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Relationship Between Osteoarthritis, Hip Arthroplasty, and Post-Operative Ambulation Distances
Authors: Ings Melissa
Published: February 2018

Osteoarthritis, total hip replacements, and post-operative ambulation distances are three interrelated concepts that lead patients from diagnosis, to intervention, and to the first indications of recovery post-operatively. The purpose of the project was to quantify the ambulation distances of patients with one of three surgical approaches for total hip replacements (THR). The timeframe for measurement was from the day of surgery (day 0) through the second post-operative day (POD 2) comparing different surgical approaches with length of ambulation distances. Pre-operative elective joint replacement educational classes, may play a role in post-operative recovery, which provided the rationale for including them in this project. Electronic health records of 20 patients from each of the three surgical approaches (anterior, posterior, and lateral), were retrieved; data regarding the ambulation distances were averaged for each surgical approach. The results revealed no advantage, in terms of average ambulation distance, of one surgical approach over another. All members of the healthcare team strive to provide patient centered, quality care in the most fiscally responsible manner. Increasing post-operative ambulation distances after a THR may contribute to earlier discharge and economic benefit to the healthcare system. A replication study with a larger sample may yield additional findings and guide the advanced nurse practitioner in developing an evidence based approach to post-operative care of THR patients.
Pressure Ulcer Assessment and Documentation
Authors: Ruggiero Cynthia
Published: February 2018

Accurate assessment and documentation of skin is an important nursing activity yet the task of identifying and documenting wounds can be difficult. New regulations from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid dictate that hospitals will not receive payment for the treatment of stage III or stage IV hospital-acquired pressure ulcers. Literature supports that accurate assessment and documentation of a pressure ulcer is important to the care of the patient, to provide legal documentation, and for reimbursement. The purpose of this project was to develop and implement a pressure ulcer assessment and documentation pocket guide. The development of the pocket guide was guided by Malcolm Knowles’ adult learning theory and developed by evaluating different pocket guides, the NPUAP website, and evidence based literature. The project employed an intervention, post intervention evaluation design. The sample was drawn from nurse members of the Pressure Ulcer Prevalence Committee at the Miriam Hospital in Providence, RI. Nurse members of the committee who agreed to participate utilized the Pressure Ulcer Assessment and Documentation Pocket Guide to assess patients during the monthly meeting and then completed an evaluation. The guide was evaluated as being valuable in assessing and documenting pressure ulcers and it was recommended for distribution to staff nurses. Use of the tool has the potential to improve assessment, identification, and documentation of pressure ulcers. Implications for advanced practice are discussed.
Moral Distress
Authors: Silva Manuel
Published: February 2018

Moral distress is a common but frequently overlooked concept in the nursing profession, though not exclusive to nursing. Many professionals experience this distress, but nurses encounter this phenomenon more often than other professions. Moral distress can cause many physical and emotional symptoms that affect how a person perceives satisfaction in his/her profession. These include anxiety, fear, frustration, feeling of powerlessness, poor sense of safety and security, nursing turnover, and nursing professionals leaving the profession. This project targeted medical-surgical nurses and aimed to provide them with education to identify moral distress as well as appropriate coping skills that may be used to deal with the moral situation. The AACN Rise Above Moral Distress education plan, which uses the 4 A’s of Ask, Affirm, Assess and Act, was utilized for the staff education sessions. Nurses on the unit believed that they knew how to define moral distress, identify moral distress situations, have institutional support services, and are able to be a support resource to co-workers to help identify moral distress situations Comparison of pre-post surveys showed a 40% increase in knowledge, a 30% increase in moral distress confidence and a 15% increase in co-worker support confidence. Institutions often lack required employee education for identifying ethical and moral distress situations or the appropriate coping skills to be utilized. Training on dealing with ethical situations and development of uniform coping skills are needed. Recommendation from this study focused on the need for increased training on moral distress in specific areas.
Hyperphosphatemia in Hemodialysis Patients: Can an Educational Intervention Make a Difference?
Authors: Agbelese Mofoluso
Published: February 2018

Adherence to the treatment regimen, including proper phosphate binder use and the monitoring of dietary phosphorus intake, is crucial to optimal health outcomes in hemodialysis patients. Hyperphosphatemia remains a significant health problem in hemodialysis patients since excessive serum phosphate is associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates in this patient population. Hyperphosphatemia can occur due to lack of knowledge. The purpose of this program is to determine the effect of an educational intervention on phosphorus knowledge in hemodialysis patients.
Participants consisted of a convenience sample of 12 hemodialysis patients. The teaching intervention utilized a pre and posttest design. The difference in pre and posttest scores was analyzed to determine the effect of the educational intervention on patients’ knowledge of phosphorus. Post test scores revealed a statistically significant increase in phosphorus knowledge in participants (Z value = -2.97; p � .05). Responses to the openended qualitative question revealed that friends and family members were important support team members that enabled participants to adhere to their dietary phosphorus regimen. Implications for further studies include the expansion of educational interventions to include friends and family members and the inclusion of individuals from various ethnic and racial backgrounds. Nurses are strategically situated in hemodialysis units to provide patient education. Advanced practice registered nurses can provide leadership to other nurses on the use of evidenced-based educational interventions that positively impact patient outcomes.
Effects of Hyperglycemia on Adults Hospitalized With Sepsis
Authors: Cardoso Katie
Published: February 2018

Infectious sepsis (IS) is the result of a complex infection that is difficult to identify, diagnosis and treat. The gold standard for treatment of IS is early identification and intervention. There is a rise in patients with IS along with a concurrent rise of adults with Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Adults with DM are more susceptible to acute illness due to the multiple body systems affected by DM. Acute illness in adults with DM leads to increased blood glucose levels that become difficult to treat. Extreme elevations of blood glucose are linked to longer lengths of stay and higher mortality rates in adults with IS. Surviving Sepsis Campaign recommends blood glucose levels to be controlled below 180mg/dl for all adults with and without diabetes. The purpose of this research study was to identify if a relationship exists between hyperglycemia, hyperlactatemia, hospital length of stay and mortality rates in septic adults with diabetes (Group A) and without diabetes (Group B). Findings of the study did not project what was predicted regarding hyperglycemia, however high lactate levels were associated with longer lengths of stay and higher mortality rates as predicted. This retrospective, two group design study found adults without diabetes had longer lengths of stay and higher mortality rates than adults with diabetes indicating poorly controlled glucose levels in nondiabetic adults with sepsis may impact patient outcomes. APRN’s can be instrumental in implementing change in patient care and hospital policy by providing evidenced based practice by following practice standards established at a national level such as the Surviving Sepsis Campaign.
Propofol and Emergence Agitation in the Pediatric Population: A Systematic Review
Authors: Doyle Bevin
Published: February 2018

Emergence agitation (EA) is common among pediatric patients undergoing general anesthesia. Sevoflurane is a volatile anesthetic that is associated with an increased incidence of EA of as high as 80% in children undergoing surgery. Emergence agitation can cause increased stress in the patient, nurses and caregivers. Agitation experienced by the patient can also increase the risk of self harm, delay medical treatments, damage equipment and ultimately increase the length of stay in the hospital. Current studies lack a consistent method of quantifying and recognizing EA in a standardized manner. The development of the Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) scale provided a reliable and accurate tool to assess EA in pediatric patients. Propofol has been used in sub-hypnotic doses to reduce both the incidence and severity of EA. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the current literature to determine if there is an effect on PAED scores of patients that undergo general anesthesia with sevoflurane after receiving an intravenous dose of propofol prior to emergence. This systematic review was created using guidelines put forth by both PRISMA and CONSORT. A literature review was performed and data were collected from each study. A cross study analysis was performed using data collection tables created by the author of this systematic review. Propofol was found to decrease both the incidence and severity of EA in pediatric patients undergoing ophthalmic, inguinal hernia repair, adenostonsillectomies and non-painful procedures such as MRI scans. By incorporating the use of propofol in the anesthetic plan for pediatric patients, anesthesia providers will be able to decrease the incidence the EA and its’ associated adverse outcomes.
Intra-Operative IV Fluid Management: Goal Directed Therapy with Esophageal Doppler Monitoring vs. Standard Weight Based Fluid Therapy
Authors: Krueger Amanda
Published: February 2018

Intravenous fluid management in the peri-operative period continues to be a debate in the anesthesia literature in terms of which fluid type is best along with how much fluid should be given. The majority of post-operative complications in colo-rectal surgery can be traced back to the amount of IV fluids patients receive. Most recently the term Goal- directed therapy (GDT) states that a more individualized approach to fluid management is not only safer but necessary. The Esophageal Doppler, a technology analyzing stroke volume and cardiac output intra-operative, may prove to be a safe way to provide GDT and decrease complications post-operatively. This systematic review examined the impact of the esophageal Doppler versus the traditional weight based fluid management technique on adult (>18 years of age) patient outcomes post-operatively after colo-rectal and abdominal surgery. The goal was to highlight best practices that will decrease adverse patient events and length of stay (LOS). Four out of the five randomized controlled trials analyzed for this review do report that ED use and GDT decrease complications and ICU admissions post-operatively versus utilizing a more standard approach to fluid management. Due to other social variables in discharging subjects, length of stay was not found to be decreased in GDT subject groups. In furthering anesthesia practice, standard fluid management techniques should be updated with a more individualized approach focusing on patient variables such as stroke volume and what the response is to fluid therapy intra-operatively.
Does the Use of Positive End Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) During Surgery Decrease Respiratory Complications Twenty-Four Hours Post Operative?
Authors: Majewski Malgorzata
Published: February 2018

General anesthesia can lead to pulmonary compromise during surgery. Nurse anesthetists in the operating room are responsible for minimizing pulmonary complications while managing ventilation through mechanical ventilation. Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) can be used to improve oxygenation, prevent airway collapse and facilitate expansion of alveoli during each breath. Yet the use of PEEP varies among clinicians, as supported by the literature. The goal of this systematic review was to evaluate the impact of PEEP intra-operatively on selected respiratory outcomes. The research question was: Does the use of positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) during surgery decrease respiratory complications 24 hours post-operative? This review was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review (PRISMA) flow diagram and checklist. Within study quality was assessed with The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) Randomised Controlled Trials Checklist and Popay’s guidelines were followed for a narrative cross study synthesis. Seven studies were included in this systematic review. Results demonstrated less impaired gas exchange with higher PEEP and overall respiratory compliance was greater in subjects who were managed with PEEP. Most PEEP groups demonstrated less pulmonary infiltrates post operatively as well as less atelectasis and pleural effusions. Using PEEP intra-operatively generated higher oxygen saturation post-operatively and fewer patients who received PEEP needed 100% oxygen in the recovery unit. This review yielded evidence related to the intraoperative use of PEEP that nurse anesthetists may use to guide their anesthesia practice.
Assessing Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Spirituality and Spiritual Care in APRN Students
Authors: Perry Beth
Published: February 2018

Research has revealed patients’ spiritual care needs are rarely addressed by both Registered Nurses and Advanced Practice Registered Nurses. The purpose of this project was to assess the attitudes and knowledge of APRN students toward spirituality and the provision of spiritual care. Graduate students (N=51) at a suburban institution in Rhode Island were surveyed using the Spirituality and Spiritual Care Rating Scale (SSCRS). The results revealed that although these participants had encountered patients with spiritual needs, 40 of the 51 surveyed (78%) believed they had received inadequate training in the spiritual dimension of nursing care. Recommendations were made to improve the integration of content and training regarding spirituality and spiritual care into APRN programs.
Naloxone Administration by Law Enforcement: Policy and Public Health Nursing Implications
Authors: Stegnicki Thomas
Published: February 2018

Opioid overdose has become a public health epidemic, and the use of naloxone by law enforcement personnel has recently become a controversial policy issue. This pilot research project addresses the question of attitudes regarding addiction, overdose, naloxone administration training, and the expanding role of law enforcement in naloxone administration by law enforcement personnel who have been trained in the administration of naloxone to those experiencing an opioid overdose. A comprehensive literature review was conducted relating to the topic of opioid use and overdose and the use of naloxone by law enforcement. The Theory of Planned Behavior was the theoretical framework chosen to guide this project. The methodology used was an exploratory qualitative approach with individual face-to-face interviews as the data collection method. The results are presented and analyzed including findings of a need for “hands-on” naloxone training, perception of empowerment by some officers since being trained to administer naloxone, and perception of empathy for those who overdose, especially toward the younger victims. Recommendations and implications for nursing practice, policy, research, and leadership are presented including a plan for dissemination to nursing, interprofessional stakeholders, and policy makers.
Compassion Fatigue in Hospice Nursing: A Program Development
Authors: Carroll David
Published: February 2018

Hospice nursing is an important aspect of health care. Hospice nursing is a specialized field in which patients are cared for at the end of life and an important aspect of healthcare. Because the care hospice nurses provide comes at the end of life, they are continuously exposed to death, dying, pain and suffering. Numerous studies have documented that continuous exposure to trauma, death and dying may result in compassion fatigue (CF). Compassion fatigue can lead to a physical and emotional toll on nurses resulting in low staff satisfaction , high turnover rates, and reduced quality of care. The 1 purpose of the project was to develop and implement an educational program about CF for hospice nursing staff at Care New England Visiting Nurse Association (VNA). First, a comprehensive needs assessment was conducted and then an educational intervention was developed based on those results and the review of the literature. It was hoped that as a result of the program hospice nurses' knowledge and understanding of CF, its signs and symptoms and prevention interventions that might minimize or prevent the effects of CF would be learned. Sixty-seven percent of eligible nurses (n=8) participated in the intervention. The participants were asked to complete a post program survey and evaluating the program positively and strongly agreed that they benefitted from it. All eight participants stated that there knowledge of compassion fatigue and selfcare techniques had improved.
Nurse Practitioner Perspectives on the Barriers and Facilitators of Advance Care Planning
Authors: Dellava Cherish
Published: February 2018

Every year, thousands of residents in the United States die while receiving end of life (EOL) care that is inconsistent with their wishes. Research evidence has shown that advance care planning (ACP) improves congruity between patients’ preference and actual care received at EOL. Despite medical guidelines supporting ACP, these discussions rarely occur. The purpose of this study was to explore the perspectives of nurse practitioners (NPs) on the barriers and facilitators of ACP. The web-based ACP survey was distributed to the members of the New Hampshire Nurse Practitioner Association (NHNPA). The participants (n = 65) were mostly women (96.9%), had a Master’s degree (83.1%), and had 16 to 25 years of practice as NPs (37.5%). Results indicated that the most common barriers to ACP were related to time including type of appointment, lack of time, and length of appointment. The most common facilitators were personal experience, comfort with the topic, long-term relationship with the patient, and previous education and training. Implications for advance nursing practice include conducting research on the patients’ perspective on ACP, and development of evidence-based tools and methods to facilitate ACP discussions. Improving education and training of healthcare providers on ACP and EOL care issues, increasing advocacy for payment and scheduling systems that facilitate ACP, supporting policies that require ACP to patients with chronic, progressive or terminal conditions, and improving public awareness of ACP are recommended.
Standardized Communication and Perioperative Staff Satisfaction
Authors: Mancini Jessica
Published: February 2018

Patient safety relies on effective and efficient communication among healthcare providers. Tools, such as standardized checklists, ensure information sharing in a consistent, predictable format. In the perioperative setting, where handoffs occur at several points and among various disciplines, high reliability is essential. This systematic review focused on the impact of standardized communication practices on perioperative staff satisfaction as it relates to sustainability of the new practice. The electronic databases PubMed and Google Scholar were used. Six articles met inclusion for the systematic review and of these six, four were determined to be of high quality through the application of The CASE Worksheet. The handoff tools implemented in these four studies were the electronic anesthesia information management system (AIMS), I-PASS mnemonic that described the illness, patient summary, action list, situation awareness and synthesis by receiver, Peri-op Handoff Protocol and a variation of the ‘Surgical Safety Checklist’ originally developed by WHO. Results of this systematic review suggest that these standardized communication methods are effective in improving perioperative staff satisfaction. Further research may prove helpful to determine if one handoff tool design is superior to the others. While future research could be performed to provide a larger sample size, the limited data gathered from this systematic review shows promising results. Implementing a standardized approach to perioperative communication and patient handoff has been shown in these studies to be beneficial in terms of staff satisfaction. Furthermore, it would be valuable to examine the indirect impact these communication tools have on patient care. Healthcare providers have the responsibility and opportunity to improve patient care through the adoption of standardized communication processes.
A Computer-Based Stroke Education Orientation Program for Nurses on a Designated Stroke Unit: A Program Development, Quality Improvement Project
Authors: Marco Melanie
Published: February 2018

Evidence of improved outcomes for patients admitted to a dedicated stroke unit supports the need for specialized stroke education and protocols. The Joint Commission now requires all stroke patients be admitted to a PSC and receive care on a designated stroke unit. Care on the stroke unit is focused on preventing further debilitation, deterioration and reducing medical complications. Nurses working at a primary stroke center are required by TJC to have initial orientation stroke education and annual competency review to ensure stroke patients receive high quality, current care. The Joint Commission also requires core stroke team members receive at least eight hours of education annually, as determined by the stroke program manager. The stroke program manager determines composition of the stroke team in collaboration with hospital leadership and other stakeholders (Daniels, Johnson & Mackovjak, 2011). It is the responsibility of each primary stroke center to develop an education program for clinical staff.

The purpose of this quality improvement project was to develop a computer-based stroke education orientation program for nurses on a recently designated stroke unit within a PSC facility.
Area of landfills and dumpsites in the Dinaric Alps region (2013)
Authors: Meyer Chloé
Published: February 2018

Landfills are rarely properly constructed or lined and therefore represent a
potential source of contamination.Solid waste in the form of hundreds of
unregulated landfills and illegal dumping sites in Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina,
Montenegro and Albania constitutes one of the main threats to the overall
groundwater quality of the Dinaraic Karst Transboundary Aquifer System (DIKTAS).
For the vulnerable karst environment of the Dinaric region, which has a very
limited auto-purification capacity, this is the most serious current as well as
(potential) future problem.

Data were collected in the framework of the DIKTAS project. For more
information, visit:
http://diktas.iwlearn.org/resources/projectdocuments/transboundart-diagniostics-analysis/transboundary-diagnostic-analysis-tda/view

Karst
Pollution
Transboundary
Waste
Coastal Aquifers in the Mediterranean
Authors: Meyer Chloé
Published: February 2018

This map presents information on coastal aquifers in the
Mediterranean.

For additional information on the assessment of risks and uncertainties
relating to Mediterranean coastal aquifers and legislative, policy and
institutional frameworks, visit:
http://www.inweb.gr/index.php?option=com_wrapper&view=wrapper&Itemid=220

Coast
Groundwater
Transboundary
Transboundary Aquifers of the World (2015)
Authors: Meyer Chloé
Published: February 2018

The 2015 Map of Transboundary Aquifers of the World (2015 TBA Map) shows the
information presently available on the occurrence and extent of Transboundary
Aquifers worldwide. There are now 592 identified transboundary aquifers
(including 226 transboundary ‘groundwater bodies' as defined in the European
Union Water Framework Directive, EU WFD, underlying almost every
nation.

The map is based on the most recent results of an inventory of many projects
of many projects carried out around the world within the framework of the
Internationally Shared Aquifer Resources Management (ISARM) Programme launched
by UNESCO-IHP in 2000.

For more information, visit: www.isarm.org

Storage
Transboundary
Non-Indigenous access to piped water in Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Meyer Chloé
Published: February 2018

This layer presents the percentage of Non-Indigenous people who have access to piped water services in 13 countries of the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region. In LAC, Indigenous peoples are 10 to 25 percent less likely to have access to piped water than the region’s Non-Indigenous populations. Lack of access to Water Supply and Sanitation (WSS) services perpetuates chronic poverty. Extending the human right of access to WSS services to Indigenous peoples represents the final step for many countries of the region to reach universal water coverage.

For more information, access the report here: https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/25405/110266-WP-Toolkit-Indigenous-Peoples-and-WSS-in-LAC-PUBLIC.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

AccessibilityDrinking waterPopulation
Non-Indigenous access to improved sanitation in Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Meyer Chloé
Published: February 2018

This layer presents the percentage of Non-Indigenous people who have access to improved sanitation services in 11 countries of the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region.

In LAC, Indigenous peoples are 26 percent less likely to have access to to improved sanitation than the region’s Non-Indigenous populations. Lack of access to Water Supply and Sanitation (WSS) services perpetuates chronic poverty. Extending the human right of access to WSS services to Indigenous peoples represents the final step for many countries of the region to reach universal water coverage.

For more information, access the report here: https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/25405/110266-WP-Toolkit-Indigenous-Peoples-and-WSS-in-LAC-PUBLIC.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

AccessibilitySanitationPopulation
Boreholes in refugee sites
Authors: Meyer Chloé
Published: February 2018

This map was developed for the WASH section of the UNHCR by CartONG. It
displays boreholes assessed by WASH focal points in different refugee sites and
provides information on different types of pumps that are used, the depth in
meter and the energy source. It also provides information on the concentration
of chemical pollutants in water such as nitrate, arsenic and ammonia.

For more information, visit: http://wash.unhcr.org/wash-gis-portal/

Groundwater
Pollution
Population
GOD IN ALICE WALKER�S THE COLOR PURPLE; A PARADOX OF THE DIVINE
Authors: Yusak Nailil Muna
Published: February 2018

Over time, as secularization took root in Black churches during the CivilRights era, the prevalent framework in understanding African Americanspirituality discourse has shifted from theology to sociology. This paper triesto discern this major shift from the black literature perspective. It aims todiscuss the main charachers� paradoxical state of mind in understandingGod in the novel The Color Purple. The 1982 Pulitzer Prize for fiction winneris organized around an intimate conversation between two femalecharacters, Celie and Shug Avery, whose understanding of God werechallanged by complexity of sexism and racism in the black family.Sociological approach is adopted to understand the characters� dynamicconcept of God. Discussion in this paper suggested that Alice Walker�snaturalist theology is embodied in Celie and Shug Avery�s conceptualizationof God in the novel.Keywords: Black Theology, The Color Purple, God in Black Literature.
DISCOURSE AND THIRD SPACE IN FRANK MCCOURT�S NOVEL "TEACHER MAN" AND TOM SCHULMAN�S PLAY "DEAD POETS SOCIETY"; A REFLECTIVE PRACTICE FOR TEACHERS
Authors: Ariadi Eka Sugeng
Published: February 2018

Pahl and Rowsell (2005) elucidate that Discourse is ways of dressing, speaking and acting which delineates person�s identities in literacy practices, while a third space is as a meeting spaces between home space and school space, blend and mix space, in which lets teachers think how their students� meaning-making are happened between school and home. This paper investigates how these theories are fruitfully presented in the character of Mr. McCourt Teacher Man and Mr. Keating Dead Poets Society. Subsequently, it is interconnected with educational theory A taxonomy for Learning, teaching, and assessing: A revision of Bloom�s taxonomy of educational objectives, as recommended by Anderson and Krathwohl (2001). The result shows that the Metacognitive Knowledge domain prominently becomes the intersection as it is emphasizing on the student�s awareness of one�s own cognition and cognitive processes, particularly contextualizing students� knowledge and general knowledge. Mr. McCourt and Mr. Keating have succeeded in shifting frighten and strict classroom situation generated by most teachers become so challenging and much interesting by utilizing multimodal styles and skills, and piloting third space activity. Henceforth, the writer recommends teachers to maximize their own potentials characters to accommodate their students� preferences or styles in learning the subjects. In addition, designing teaching and learning process in-between home and school is necessary to be done, in order to contextualizing and perceiving real life experiences.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR DETERMINASI INCOME SMOOTHING: STUDY PADA PERUSAHAAN ASING DAN NON ASING
Authors: Hanafi Rustam , Hastuti Tri
Published: February 2018

Profit is very important for the company internally and externally. So that management companies are always trying to be able to describe profit as possible as a reflection of the condition of the company. The phenomenon of earnings manipulation that show the existence of income smoothing practices are evolving, thus this study aimed to identify factors that affect income smoothing. This research was conducted by using the sample of manufacturing firms included in the IDX during the years 2006-2009. Recorded from 142 companies became members of the population, but only as many as 48 companies are used as samples. Analytical techniques used logistic regression. Discretionary accrual model shows that the financial risk and public ownership has a positive influence on the practice of income smoothing. But the results of tests performed by index eckle showed that only financial risk that has a positive effect on the income smoothing practices, while the factor of profitability, the firm value, managerial ownership, public ownership, auditor reputation and corporate status had no effect on income smoothing. The test results also show that discretionary accrual models are better explain those factors tested than eckle index model.
ANALISIS PENGARUH INDEPENDENSI AUDITOR, KARAKTERISTIK PERUSAHAAN, KUALITAS AUDITOR DAN PERGANTIAN AUDITOR TERHADAP INTEGRITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN
Authors: Auditya Irfan , Wijayanti Provita
Published: February 2018

This study aimed to analyze the influence of auditor independence, corporate characteristics, quality auditors and auditor turnover for the integrity of the financial statements. The study population is a company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2008 until 2010. The sample selection based on purposive sampling method and obtained a sample of 38 companies. Then analyzed with multiple regression. The results showed that the change of ownership of managers and auditors significantly affect the integrity of the financial statements. While the auditor independence variables, firm characteristics, quality auditor is not significant
PENGARUH ORIENTASI CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) TERHADAP KINERJA SOSIAL PERUSAHAAN DENGAN KETIDAKPASTIAN LINGKUNGAN SEBAGAI VARIABEL PEMODERASI
Authors: Harto Puji
Published: February 2018

The objective of this research is to investigates the relationship of company’s orientation toward social responsibility at small and medium enterprises to their social corporate performance. In addition, this research also examines the role of environmental uncertainty as the moderating variable in affecting the relationship of corporate social responsibility orientation and corporate social performance. Sample was taken from small and medium businesess in Jawa Tengah. Initial distribution of 300 set of questionnaires to SME respondents has resulted in final sample of 115 respondents that usable to the analysis stage. The results of this study show that company’s ethical orientation has positive relationship with corporate social performance, while company’s legal orientation has negative effect toward corporate social performance. Moreover, the presence of environmental uncertainty has resulted in two significant interactions with the two components of company’s orientation. The interaction of environmental uncertainty and company’s ethical orientation has negative relationship with corporate social performance. Similarly, the interaction of environmental uncertainty and company’s legal orientation has positive relationship with corporate social performance.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PENGUNGKAPAN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY TERHADAP TAX AVOIDANCE (PENGHINDARAN PAJAK) (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di BEI Periode 2009-2013)
Authors: Tiarawati Winda Agustina
Published: February 2018

Corporate Social Responsibility disclosure is a way to improve the company’s reputation in public. One way to do that is to directly contribute the welfare of the country through tax regulations that imposed in CSR. Many companies are burdened with these things and trying to find ways to minimize the burden tax were suspended in CSR, one way is through the tax avoidance. Research with the title Analysis Influence of Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure with Tax Avoidance used the control variable profitability, leverage, type of industry, sales growth and size of the company. This study used a descriptive study with secondary data types. The population in this study are all companies listed on the Stock Exchange Manufacturing 2009-2013 period. The sample in this study is a Manufacturing company in Indonesia which are selected using purposive sampling method. The total sample is 115 companies. The data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 16. The method of analysis using multiple linear regression with multiple testing was conducted on the normality test, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity test, autocorrelation test, F test, test and test determination coefficient t statistic. The analysis showed that for normality test results indicate that the data are normally distributed. Multikolnearitas test showed that no symptoms of multicollinearity. Heteroscedasticity testing that the regression model did not produce symptoms of heteroscedasticity. While the autocorrelation test indicates that there is no autocorrelation regression equation. Results of hypothesis testing showed significant value on the t test of 0.028 <0.05, which means that the hypothesisis accepted. The conclusion of this study indicate that CSR has a negative effect with tax avoidance.
BALANCED SCORECARD: PENTINGNYA PERSPEKTIF PROSES BISNIS INTERNAL STUDI EMPIRIS DI PONPES
Authors: Utomo St. Dwiarso , Mahmuddah Zaky , Setiawanta Yulita
Published: February 2018

The purpose of this research is to find an empirical evidence of implementation of internal business process perspective of Balanced Scorecard (BSC) in Assalaam Islamic Modern Boarding School Surakarta (AIMBS Surakarta). The research is case study. Qualitative research design is conducted using semi-structured interviews with 21 members from different stakeholders. The research findings showed that internal business process perspective of BSC and attributes in strategy map of BSC have been implemented well in AIMBS Surakarta. Besides, the research also found supporting factor of implementation of internal business process perspective of BSC in AIMBS Surakarta, namely: strong commitment from top management to adjust the change dan to improve the service to the stakeholders. The limitation of the research is that the research findings can not be generalized because of case study. For future research, the researcher can add the numbers of research object so that the generalization of research findings can be gained. Theoretically, it will give clearer description about the implementation of internal business processperspective of BSC in Islamic boarding schools.
UJI EFEKTIFITAS EKSTRAK SIWAK (Salvadora Persica) BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN PLAK GIGI - Studi terhadap Murid MTsN Sale
Authors: Ruslinawati Ervina Diah , Praptiningsih Rahmawati Sri , Chumaeroh Siti
Published: February 2018

Background: Nowdays many people who care about the health switching from chemical drugs to herbal medicine. There are many herbs that used for health. One is miswak (Salvadora persica) are many benefits to general health and dental health. Siwak can help inhibit dental plaque. Research purposes to determine effectiveness miswak extract against plaque formation. Method: The research was conducted 35 students of Madrasah Tsanawiyah Sale. The samples were divided into five groups, each group of 7 people to extract Siwak 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% and chlorheksidin group. Measurement of plaque index measurement using PHP Plaque Index (Patient Hygiene Performance Index) according Podshadley and Haley. Result: The criteria of dental plaque before rinsing dominant medium, with an average index plaque before rinsing 1,833 chlorheksidin group; 2.119 miswak extract 25%, 2,833 miswak extract 50%; 1,595 miswak extract 75%, and 2,905 miswak extract 100%. The criteria dominant plaque index after rinsing well, with an average index plaque after rinsing 1,476 chlorheksidin group; 1,286 miswak extract 25%; 0,929 miswak extract 50%; 0.690 miswak extract 75%, and 1,310 miswak extract 100%. P value of the one way ANOVA test after rinsing plaque index = 0.018 (p <0.05), means that the average index of dental plaque after rinsing significantly different. Post hoc test results showed 50% miswak extract group and 100% higher than chlorheksidin group, and 25% miswak extract and 75%. Conclusion: Concluded that miswak extract effective against dental plaque formation inhibition. Because the content of trimethylamine (TMA) has miswak which prevents sediment (deposit) particles on the surface of teeth.
PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAGING LIDAH BUAYA (Aloe Vera) TERHADAP PENYEMBUHAN ULSERASI MUKOSA MULUT PADA MALE WISTAR RATS
Authors: Zahroh Laila Fitrotuz , Praptiningsih Rahmawati Sri , Baehaqi Moh.
Published: February 2018

Background: Oral mucosa ulceration which often occurs usually in the form of white-yellowish spot with concave surface, reddish edge and pain. Based on previous research, Aloe vera process anti-inflammation substance that could help quickening ulceration healing process. This research aims to know the effect of Aloe vera flesh extract on Male wistar rats oral mucosa ulceration in-vivo. Method: this research was quasi experimental research with the post-test only control group design using Male wistar rats as the testing animal. In the research, there were three treatment groups: The first groups which was given aquadest treatment, second groups with Aloe vera flesh extract, and third groups which was given chlorhexidine gluconate 0,2% treatment. The data collecting was based on histopathology observation concerning the increase of fibroblast quantity. Result: The research result based on comparison test among the three groups with One Way Anova showed that on Day 3th, the average quantity of fibroblast didn't have significant difference between the treatment group and control group positive that was p>0,05, meanwhile on Day 7th every group showed significant difference p<0,05. Conclusion: It concluded that Aloe vera flesh extract has influence on the healing of Male wistar rats oral mucosa ulceration as shown by fibroblast increasing quantity.
RESIN MODIFIED GLASS IONOMER CEMENT SEBAGAI MATERIAL ALTERNATIF RESTORASI UNTUK GIGI SULUNG
Authors: Ningsih Diana Setya
Published: February 2018

Glass ionomer cement (GIC) is a material that can release fluoride to prevent caries especially in primary teeth. One of the developments of glass ionomer cement in the world of pediatry dentistry is resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC). The resin-modified glass ionomer cement were still maintaining the clinical advantages oforiginal material, such as fluoride realease, good compatibility and aestehetically. The mechanical properties of rmgic is more higher than gic. These materials have a better adhesion, higher moisture resistance, and a longer shelft life. This paper review aims to know the ability RMGIC as alternative restorative material for primary teeth.
MANFAAT IKAN TERI SEGAR (Stolephorus sp) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TULANG DAN GIGI
Authors: Aryati E Endah , Suci Dharmayanti Agustin Wulan
Published: February 2018

Background: Nutrition and diet intake are such related with growth and development of body organs, including growth and development of bone and teeth. High quality and concentration of protein and cancium in food have linier relationship with growth and development of bone and teeth. Anchovies are high quality protein and calcium source. Anchovies are cheap calcium and protein source that can be available in Indonesia. This review was aimed to review the benefits of anchovies to development of bone and teeth. Discussion : DisAnchovies are high quality food because all of the body can be consumed. Bone of anchovies contains protein and calcium. Per 100 gram of anchovies contain 77 kcal of energy; l6 gr protein; 1.0 gr fat; 500 mg calcium; 500 mg phosfor; 1.0 mg ferrum; 47 Vit A; and 0.1 mg Vit B. Protein and calcium were needed by body fore repairing process and structed the tissue. Protein was as bone matrix. Calcium of anchovies was good for bone, teeth and had calming effect. Moreover, vitamin A of anchovies was also important for bone and teeth development. Conclusion: anchovies could be used as essential nutrition to optimal of bone and teeth development.
STOMATITIS APTHOSA REKUREN (SAR) MINOR MULTIPLE PRE MENSTRUASI (Laporan Kasus)
Authors: Thantawi Amelia , . Khairiati , Meri Nova Mela , Marlisa Sri , Bakar Abu
Published: February 2018

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is an inflammation of the soft tissues of the mouth that is characterized by recurrent ulcers. SAR is clinically divided into three types, ie recurrent aphthous stomatitis minor, major and herpetiform. Clinical features of minor types usually with a diameter of about 2-4 mm with yellow-gray base and surrounded by an erythematous halo, affects mainly the non-keratinized mobile mucosae such as lips and tongue, a few ulcers (1-5) or multiple at a time, minor ulcers usually heal within 10-14 days without scarring. Early lesions on the SAR is usually felt by people as burning, followed by extremely pain. The aetiology of RAS is unknown, but associated with a variety of predisposing such as menstrual cycle and trauma. Case management is topical steroids, topical antiseptic and vitamins C to relieve the symptoms and fasten healing.
EFEKTIFITAS BUAH BIT (BETA VULGARIS) SEBAGAI DISCLOSING SOLUTION (BAHAN IDENTIFIKASI PLAK)
Authors: Fatmasari Diyah , Musthofa Setiadji , Santoso Bedjo
Published: February 2018

Background: Bit fruit (Beta vulgaris) is plants as group of vegetables, has potencial as a source of natural dyes for food products. In dental health, a coloring agent which has contrast color with teeth is used for dental plaque identification. Disclosing solution is the most common used material for this purpose. Purpose of this study was to identify if bit fruit can substitute disclosing solution as coloring agent for plaque identification. Method: Research design was Quasi Eksperimental Research.with Posttest Only Control Group Design. Samples was 36 elementary students which divided into 2 groups. Group 1 was 18 students given disclosing solution while group 2 was given bit fruit solution. Independent t test was used to determine diferences between two groups. Result: Research results showed mean of plaque index after application of bit fruit and disclosing solution was 3,75 and 2,66 , with independent t-test resulten significancy 0,000 < 0,05. There was differences of plaque index after two group of application. Conclusion: the bit fruit was more effective to determine plaque compared to disclosing solution.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK JAHE MERAH (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) TERHADAP JUMLAH SEL MAKROFAG ULKUS TRAUMATIKUS MUKOSA MULUT AKIBAT BAHAN KIMIAWI Penelitian in vivo pada Rattus Norvegicus
Authors: Hidayati Fitria , Agusmawanti Prima , Dian Firdausy Muhammad
Published: February 2018

Background: Traumatic ulcer is an oral mucosa ulcerative lesion caused by trauma. One of the causes is chemicals. Clinical features of traumatic ulcer including yellowish white spots with reddish halo and painful. Treatment for this ulcer are suppressing inflammation and pain thus will increase healing process. Macrophage will be decreased at the end of the inflammatory phase. Red ginger extracts (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) contains some compounds that can heal ulcers. Purpose: The objective of this research was to find out the effect of red ginger extract on the macrophage numbers in traumatic oral mucosal ulceration due to chemical in Rattus norvegicus. Method: This study was experimental which post test only control group design. There were five groups: negative control group without intervention, positive control group treat aloclair, and red ginger extract in 2%, 4%, 8% consentration group. The experimental animals were used 25 Rattus norvegicus. They were injured on oral mucosa using H2O2 30% two times a day. Their oral mucosa were made as hystologycal slide, and macrophage counts were observed, then analyzed by Anova test and LSD test. Result: The result indicates some significant effect of red ginger extract on the macrophage numbers in traumatic oral mucosal ulceration from Anova test 0,001 (<0,05). There are significant differences between 2% consentration of red ginger extract and positive control group.There are no significant difference beetween 4%, 8% consentration of red ginger extract and positive control group. Conclusion: It can be concluded that red ginger extract have influence on the number of macrophages in chamical traumatic oral mucosal ulceration in Rattus norvegicus.