bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advancements in GERD Treatment: Exploring Innovative Therapies
Authors: Lunawat Akshay Kumar , Raikwar Sarjana
Published: June 2024

:

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) stands as a prevalent and impactful gastrointes-tinal disorder, affecting a substantial portion of the global population. Characterised by the chronic backflow of stomach acid into the oesophagus, GERD presents itself with symptoms ranging from the discomfort of heartburn to more severe complications, including esophageal inflammation and respiratory issues [1]. The pervasive nature of this condition underscores the critical need for effective and evolving treatment strategies. As individuals worldwide grapple with the challenges posed by GERD, the quest for advancements in treatment options becomes paramount. The prevalence of GERD extends far beyond its physical manifestations, reaching into the realms of daily life, productivity, and overall well-being. Heartburn, regurgitation, and chest pain, hallmarks of GERD, can disrupt sleep patterns, hinder nutritional habits, and compromise the quality of life of an individual [2].
Moreover, the chronic nature of the disease raises concerns about long-term complications, such as Barrett's oesophagus and an increased risk of esophageal cancer. The burden imposed by GERD is not solely physical; it extends to psychological well-being, influencing factors like stress and anxiety. Recognising the multifaceted impact of GERD underscores the urgency of advancing treatment options to address the diverse needs of those affected [3].
Efficacy of Web-based Home Blood Pressure Monitoring Program in Improving Pre-dialysis Blood Pressure Control among Hemodialysis Patients: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Chen Tingting , Zhao Wenbo , Pei Qianqian , Chen Yanru , Yin Jinmei , Zhang Min , Wang Cheng , Zheng Jing
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Hypertension is highly prevalent among patients undergoing hemodialysis, with a significant proportion experiencing poorly controlled blood pressure (BP). Digital BP management in this population has been underutilized.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore the efficacy of a Web-based home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) program in improving pre-dialysis BP control and enhancing knowledge, perception and adherence to HBPM among hypertensive patients undergoing hemodialysis.

METHODS

A multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled trial was conducted at two hemodialysis units. Patients were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to either the Web-based HBPM program as the intervention group or to usual care as the control group over a 6-month period. The primary outcomes were the pre-dialysis BP control rate, defined as less than 140/90 mmHg, and the pre-dialysis systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), assessed from baseline to the 6-month follow-up. Secondary outcomes included patient knowledge, perception, and adherence to HBPM, evaluated using the home blood pressure monitoring knowledge questionnaire (HBPMKQ), home blood pressure monitoring perception scale (HBPMPS), and home blood pressure monitoring adherence scale (HBPMAS), respectively. The generalized estimating equations analysis was utilized to analyze the primary outcomes in the intention-to-treat analysis.

RESULTS

Of the 165 patients enrolled in the program (n=84, Web-based HBPM group; n=81, control group), 145 completed the follow-up assessment. During follow-up period, 11 instances of hypotension occurred in 9 patients in the Web-based HBPM group, compared to 15 events in 14 patients in the control group. The pre-dialysis BP control rate increased from 29.8% to 47.6% in the Web-based HBPM group after the 6-month intervention, while in the control group, it decreased from 37% to 24.7% (x2 =16.82, P <.001; OR = 5.11, 95%CI 2.14–12.23, P <.001). The Web-based HBPM group demonstrated a significant reduction after the 6-month intervention in the pre-dialysis SBP (t =2.46, P =.02; β = −6.09, 95%CI −10.94 – −1.24, P =.01), and the pre-dialysis DBP (t =3.20, P =.002; β = −4.93, 95%CI −7.93 – −1.93, P =.001). Scores on HBPMKQ (t = -9.18, P <.001), HBPMPS (t = −10.65, P <.001), and HBPMAS (t =−8.04, P <.001) were significantly higher after 6-months of intervention.

CONCLUSIONS

Implementation of a Web-based HBPM program can enhance pre-dialysis BP control, and the knowledge, perception, and adherence to HBPM among patients undergoing hemodialysis. This Web-based HBPM program should be promoted in appropriate clinical settings.

CLINICALTRIAL

China Clinical Trial Registration Center ChiCTR2100051535; https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=133286.
Association of Smartwatch-Based Heart Rate and Physical Activity With Cardiorespiratory Fitness Measures in the Community: Cohort Study (Preprint)
Authors: Zhang Yuankai , Wang Xuzhi , Pathiravasan Chathurangi H , Spartano Nicole L , Lin Honghuang , Borrelli Belinda , Benjamin Emelia J , McManus David D , Larson Martin G , Vasan Ramachandran S , Shah Ravi V , Lewis Gregory D , Liu Chunyu , Murabito Joanne M , Nayor Matthew
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Resting heart rate (HR) and routine physical activity are associated with cardiorespiratory fitness levels. Commercial smartwatches permit remote HR monitoring and step count recording in real-world settings over long periods of time, but the relationship between smartwatch-measured HR and daily steps to cardiorespiratory fitness remains incompletely characterized in the community.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to examine the association of nonactive HR and daily steps measured by a smartwatch with a multidimensional fitness assessment via cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) among participants in the electronic Framingham Heart Study.

METHODS

Electronic Framingham Heart Study participants were enrolled in a research examination (2016-2019) and provided with a study smartwatch that collected longitudinal HR and physical activity data for up to 3 years. At the same examination, the participants underwent CPET on a cycle ergometer. Multivariable linear models were used to test the association of CPET indices with nonactive HR and daily steps from the smartwatch.

RESULTS

We included 662 participants (mean age 53, SD 9 years; n=391, 59% women, n=599, 91% White; mean nonactive HR 73, SD 6 beats per minute) with a median of 1836 (IQR 889-3559) HR records and a median of 128 (IQR 65-227) watch-wearing days for each individual. In multivariable-adjusted models, lower nonactive HR and higher daily steps were associated with higher peak oxygen uptake (VO2), % predicted peak VO2, and VO2 at the ventilatory anaerobic threshold, with false discovery rate (FDR)–adjusted P values <.001 for all. Reductions of 2.4 beats per minute in nonactive HR, or increases of nearly 1000 daily steps, corresponded to a 1.3 mL/kg/min higher peak VO2. In addition, ventilatory efficiency (VE/VCO2; FDR-adjusted P=.009), % predicted maximum HR (FDR-adjusted P<.001), and systolic blood pressure-to-workload slope (FDR-adjusted P=.01) were associated with nonactive HR but not associated with daily steps.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings suggest that smartwatch-based assessments are associated with a broad array of cardiorespiratory fitness responses in the community, including measures of global fitness (peak VO2), ventilatory efficiency, and blood pressure response to exercise. Metrics captured by wearable devices offer a valuable opportunity to use extensive data on health factors and behaviors to provide a window into individual cardiovascular fitness levels.
Pregnancy-Related Information Seeking and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women at Public Health Facilities in Debre Tabor City Administration, Northwest Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study (Preprint)
Authors: Berhan Haregewoin , Yilma Tesfahun , Wubante Sisay , Kalayou Mulugeta , Sisay Melaku
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Pregnant women need health information to engage in preventive health behaviors, improve self-care, and reduce anxiety. Lack of information about pregnancy-related complications is a challenge. Seeking health information reduces risk factors and raises awareness for future outcomes.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to assess pregnancy-related information-seeking and associated factors among pregnant women in Debre Tabor City Administration health facilities, Northwest Ethiopia, 2022.

METHODS

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among pregnant women in Debre Tabor City Administration health facilities from May to July 2022, with 423 participants using a census method. Data was collected using an interviewer-based questionnaire, and analysis was performed using Epi Info 7.2 and SPSS version 26. Factors associated with pregnancy-related information seeking were assessed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression models

RESULTS

The proportion of pregnancy-related information seeking among pregnant women was 52.7% (48.2, 57.5). The mean age of the study participants was 28.29 ± 4.96 SD years and 59.3% of pregnant women were urban residents. Place of residence (AOR=2.08, CI=1.2, 3.59), Occupation (AOR=3.03, CI=1.46, 6.27), digital literacy (AOR=1.74, CI=1.01, 2.99), self-efficacy (AOR= 6.59, CI=3.88, 11.17), perceive severity to pregnancy-related complication (AOR=3.67, CI=2.16, 6.23) were significant factors associated with pregnancy-related information seeking.

CONCLUSIONS

Pregnancy-related information seeking among pregnant women was found to be low. An increasing level of digital literacy and awareness of pregnancy-related complications could improve PRI seeking of pregnant women.
Strategy for withdrawal of pharmacological treatment for urinary incontinence in children (StayDry): Protocol for an open-label prospective randomized trial (Preprint)
Authors: Svendsen Ann-Kristine Mandøe , Hagstrøm Søren , Kamperis Konstantinos , Andersen Anna Elizabeth Rhode , Henneberg Nanna Celina , Olesen Anne Estrup , Borch Luise
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

To the best of our knowledge, no studies have investigated the withdrawal strategy of pharmacological treatment with solifenacin and/or mirabegron in children diagnosed with urinary incontinence that have achieved continence on pharmacotherapy.

OBJECTIVE

The primary objective is to investigate if abrupt withdrawal versus gradual withdrawal of pharmacotherapy (solifenacin and/or mirabegron) influences the risk of recurrence of incontinence.

METHODS

Children aged 5-14 years diagnosed with urinary incontinence, treated with pharmacotherapy of solifenacin and/or mirabegron and ready for withdrawal will be randomized 1:1 to either abrupt or gradual withdrawal, according to the medical treatment that the child is receiving.
The primary outcome measure is recurrence of incontinence after withdrawal and up to 12 months follow-up, assessed by 14-day calendar of incontinence episodes.

RESULTS

Participants will be recruited from May 2024 to December 2027.

CONCLUSIONS

The results are expected to influence the withdrawal strategy of pharmacological treatment with solifenacin and/or mirabegron in children with daytime urinary incontinence.

CLINICALTRIAL

EU CT 2023-510280-35-00.
Наступництво наукових поколінь у стоматології
Authors: Mazur Р.
Published: June 2024

У статті наведено роль української наукової стоматологічної школи у професійному та науковому формуванні молодих поколінь лікарів-стоматологів.
Implementation of Programmable n-bit Pseudo Random Sequence Generator using 45 nm Technology
Authors: Aruna Mrs. S. , Pranathi Ch. Soumya , Madhuri A. Siva , Neha K.
Published: June 2024

Abstract: In recent times with the advent of computers, programmers recognized the necessity for a means of introducing randomness into a computer program. Pseudo-random numbers generates necessary values for processes that require randomness, such as creating test signals or for synchronizing transmitting and receiving devices in a spread spectrum transmission. It is not possible to generate truly random numbers from deterministic thing like computers so PRSG is a technique developed to generate random numbers using a computer. Our proposed system is used to implement multiple polynomials of degree 2 to 16 in Incisive and Genus Cadence Tool. This system can be implemented in statistical analysis, and modern-day computer simulations, digital cryptography and generation of OTP.
Smart Lamp with Integrated Voice Assistant
Authors: Telsang Supriya , Pimparwar Aditya , Pimpalkar Palak , Pidadi Mrunmayi , Pimparkar Sanskruti , Pimple Dipankar , Pisal Yashraj
Published: June 2024

Abstract: Over the past few years, IoT (Internet of Things) has become one of the most important technologies of the 21st century. Now that we can connect everyday objects to the internet via embedded devices, seamless communication is possible between people, processes, and things. Using IoT we have connected our smart lamp with an application to control and monitor it. This research paper aims on the development of a lamp with multiple features and operating via application using IoT technology. The application offers users to control the lamp using this mobile application and a LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) to adjust lightning effects. In addition to the mobile application, this lamp consists of an air-purifier which purifies the surrounding air and lightning effects provide comfort and convenience to the user. Furthermore, to reduce electricity consumption, this lamp will have dual charging methods, electric as well as solar. Also, this lamp will provide a charging slot to allow users to charge their mobile phones instead of using a separate power bank. For all this features to be integrated in a single device, Raspberry Pi is the most important tool used here. The proposed smart lamp with multiple features and the integration of the raspberry pi and air filter offers numerous benefits to users. It provides convenience, flexibility, and energy efficiency by allowing users to control the device simply using an application. The integrated voice assistant is one of the most important features to handle the device.
Experimental Investigation of Stability of Solar Pond using PCM & TES
Authors: Pawar Rahul R
Published: June 2024

Abstract: As technological advancements progress, the energy demands of communities see a corresponding rise. The fulfilment of this energy need is achieved by several energy sources often referred to as conventional energy sources, including coal, fossil fuels, geothermal energy, hydroelectric power, and nuclear energy. These energy sources possess certain drawbacks. The first trio of these energy sources have finite lifespans. The use of hydraulic energy as an energy source is deemed inadequate, whereas nuclear energy presents unresolved concerns pertaining to both environmental impact and safety. Consequently, the scholars have focused their investigations on novel forms of sustainable energy sources often referred to as renewable energy sources. Solar energy is classified as a kind of sustainable energy source. Solar energy refers to the electromagnetic radiation generated by the process of nuclear fusion occurring inside the innermost region of the sun. The sun is responsible for the majority of the heat and light that the Earth gets, hence supporting the existence of all living organisms.
Form analysis system: An EEG study of object, word, and Greeble recognition
Authors: Wu Huizhong
Published: June 2024

The form analysis system could efficiently conceptualize how object
recognition is encoded in a frame-and-fill model. However, little is
known about the neural basis of the form system. The present study aimed
to narrow this gap using the EEG method. By instructing participants
passively to see six kinds of pictures, including geometries, animal
headless bodies, plants, Chinese words, English words, and Greebles, we
found the form analysis system existed in the first three kinds, but not
in words or faces fields. These results suggested those stimuli that
shared the same medial axis structure could induce similar negativity
waves in the human brain.
Optimal Distributed Energy Resources Accommodation with Techno-Economic Benefits Using Cheetah Optimizer
Authors: Shaarif Muhammad , Yousif Muhammad , Numan Muhammad , Iftikhar Muhammad Zubair , Salam Izhar Us , Alghamdi Thamer A. H.
Published: June 2024

The planning and operation of radial distribution networks (RDN) face
increasing challenges such as active power losses and voltage
instability, prompting a focus on integrating renewable energy resources
(RER) to mitigate these issues. This study presents a techno-economic
optimization framework leveraging the Cheetah optimizer (CO), a recently
introduced metaheuristic technique, to optimize the accommodation of
distributed energy resource (DER) units within the IEEE 33-bus radial
distribution networks (RDN) utilizing MATLAB environment. Both single
and multi-objective perspectives are explored, demonstrating significant
reductions in active power losses, minimized voltage deviation, improved
stability, and maximized economic benefits. The Cheetah optimizer (CO)
efficacy is showcased through notable achievements, including a 94.20%
reduction in active power losses and annual savings of up to $77,933
for optimal power factor (OPF) mode in multi-objective optimization,
surpassing existing literature. Additionally, reliability analysis
conducted with ETAP software underscores the effectiveness of DER
integration, particularly with wind turbine systems, in enhancing
network reliability.
On the Fundamental Additive Modes of Ocean Color Absorption
Authors: Prochaska J. Xavier , Gray Patrick
Published: June 2024

Previous principal component analysis of ocean color absorption
coefficient spectra 𝑎(𝜆) have shown the variation in these data is
captured by a few eigenfunctions. Here, we perform an unsupervised,
non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) of 𝑎(𝜆) to derive its
fundamental and physically interpretable modes. When applied
independently to two large datasets-one semi-empirical and one from
inline measurements of the Tara Microbiome expedition-we find that four
NMF basis functions describe > 99.9% of the variance in
each. Furthermore, despite significant differences between the datasets
in methodology and by geographic and temporal acquisition, their basis
functions show very similar features at wavelengths 𝜆 ≈ 400 − 750 nm.
Two of the modes capture the amplitude and spectral slope of absorption
by color dissolved organic matter and/or detritus. The other two
describe absorption by phytoplankton (𝑎 ph) separated into the pigments
that couple tightly to the Chlorophyll-a 675 nm feature and another that
captures 𝑎 ph variability at ≈ 450 nm. These two components provide an
additive model for 𝑎 ph that outperforms the community-adopted
non-linear model. Together, the majority of ocean color absorption is
physically described by these four fundamental modes. Their coefficients
follow generally understood biogeographic patterns for detritus and
chlorophyll-a and highlight nuances in these patterns via the secondary
modes. Conversely, spectra poorly modeled by these basis functions
represent outliers that may reflect rare processes, instrument or
processing issues, and unique pigment combinations. Another application
is a simple, physically-interpretable representation of 𝑎(𝜆) for
retrievals from hyperspectral, remote-sensing reflectances in the now
active NASA PACE mission.
HOTS Critical Thinking and Math Problem-Solving Skills on Wordwall-Assisted Problem-Based Learning Model
Authors: Mudrika Putri Anis , Syaifuddin Mohammad , Azmi Rizal Dian
Published: June 2024

To address the difficulties experienced by students when dealing with challenging HOTS math problems, the selection and use of appropriate learning models and media is essential. This study investigated the impact of Wordwall-assisted Problem-based learning (PBL) models with HOTS problems on students’ critical thinking and problem-solving skills in mathematics. This type of qualitative analysis uses descriptive methods. The subjects of this research were 31 grade 8 junior high school students in Batu, consisting of 22 male and 9 female students. Data collection methods are through questionnaires and test methods. Data analysis related to the validation of responses from 31 students was obtained from questionnaire results based on the ratio of student responses to the media, and data analysis was related to tests of students’ critical thinking and problem-solving abilities. Established on the results of data analysis through research instruments in the form of data collected from student response questionnaires about the use of knowledge media, HOTS test questions discussed by SPLDV related to students’ critical thinking abilities and problem-solving abilities. Students’ critical thinking and mathematical problem-solving skills are very high, with achievements of 80.27% and 80.20%, respectively. It is expected that teachers can use the PBL method and Wordlwall learning media so that student compatibility becomes better.
Arftakaáætlun til að draga úr áhættu og byggja upp leiðtogafærni
Authors: Óladóttir Ásta Dís , Christiansen Þóra H. , Guðmundsdóttir Hrefna
Published: June 2024

Í nýrri skýrslu Alþjóðabankans, frá árinu 2024, sem nær til 190 landa er kynjabilið á heimsvísu mun meira en áður var talið. Ekkert land í heiminum veitir konum sömu tækifæri og körlum á vinnumarkaði og bent er á að ef bilið yrði brúað gæti verg landsframleiðsla á heimsvísu aukist um allt að 20%. Þó Ísland sé fremst á heimsvísu þegar kemur að jafnréttismálum er margt enn óunnið til að jafna tækifæri kynjanna til stjórnunarstarfa í atvinnulífinu. Hlutfall karla í framkvæmdastjórastöðum á almennum markaði er 79% og karlar eru 75% allra stjórnarmanna (Creditinfo, 2024). Einungis þrjár konur gegna starfi forstjóra skráðra félaga á Nasdaq Iceland í maí 2024 á móti 24 körlum. Rannsóknir meðal áhrifakvenna í íslensku atvinnulífi og meðal stjórnarkvenna í öllum skráðum félögum hér á landi hafa bent á að ein þeirra leiða sem hægt er að fara til að draga úr kynjabilinu í atvinnulífinu er að innleiða arftakaáætlanir í fyrirtæki hér á landi. Því var markmiðið með þessari rannsókn að fá fram viðhorf og upplifun karla sem sitja í stjórnum allra skráðra félaga til arftakaáætlunar. Rannsóknarspurningin sem lagt var upp með er: Hvert er viðhorf og reynsla karlkyns stjórnarmanna skráðra félaga til innleiðingar arftakaáætlana til þess að draga úr kynjabilinu í æðstu stjórnunarstöðum hér á landi? Niðurstöðurnar benda til að almennt sé of lítil þekking á hugtakinu arftakaáætlun meðal stjórnarmanna hér á landi. Þó eru nokkur félög sem hafa innleitt arftakaáætlanir og þar telja stjórnarmenn að stjórnir og stjórnendur séu betur undir það búin ef lykilstarfsfólk hættir hjá félaginu. Nýnæmi rannsóknarinnar felst í því að þetta er fyrsta rannsóknin þar sem karlar í stjórnum allra skráðra félaga á markaði lýsa reynslu sinni og viðhorfi til arftakaáætlana sem verkfæris til þess að draga úr kynjahalla í stjórnendastöðum.
Comparative Study of National Biological Security, with a focus on Azerbaijan: Strategies for Preserving and Controlling the Transmission of Public Health Threats
Authors: Ismayilova P. F.
Published: June 2024

In recent years, the world has witnessed the emergence and rapid spread of socially dangerous diseases, highlighting the critical need for robust ethical and legal frameworks within national biosecurity systems. This article discusses the ethical considerations and legal aspects surrounding the prevention and control of these diseases in order to devise effective strategies for their containment and mitigation. Drawing on a comprehensive review of literature, this study explores how societal norms, individual rights, and public health imperatives intersect within the context of biosecurity measures. It underscores the significance of ethical considerations to ensure fair and equitable access to preventive measures, diagnostics, treatments, and vaccines. Additionally, legal frameworks play a pivotal role in enabling the implementation of necessary interventions during disease outbreaks, such as quarantine measures, contact tracing, and the establishment of efficient surveillance systems.
This study analyzes the national biological security measures in Azerbaijan and compares them to other countries to identify strategies for preserving and controlling the transmission of public health threats. The research aims to provide insights into the effectiveness of Azerbaijan’s current biological security policies and highlight areas for improvement. The study includes a comprehensive review of relevant literature on biosecurity measures of Azerbaijan. The findings of this study will contribute to the global understanding of biological security practices and inform recommendations for enhancing Azerbaijan’s preparedness in managing public health threats.
Finally, the article emphasizes the need for international cooperation and harmonization of ethical and legal standards in addressing the global spread of socially dangerous diseases. It highlights the significance of sharing best practices and lessons learned to strengthen preparedness and response capacities across nations, facilitating a more coordinated and effective approach to prevent and control disease outbreaks.
Property lease in the land legislation of Ukraine
Authors: Karapysh B. V.
Published: June 2024

The article highlights the concept and legal nature of property lease as an independent legal construct and source determinant of legal relations in the field of land use.
The conceptual aspects of property leasing are considered through the prism of the civil legislation of Ukraine (Civil Code of Ukraine, Chapter 58, § 1). An analysis of judicial practice was carried out regarding the specifics of the tenant’s use of the objects (subjects) of the lease agreement – the actual leased property (Decision of the State Administrative Court of Ukraine No. 46/389 dated February 8, 2010).
The theoretical appropriation of the definition and doctrinal interpretation of the concept of “property lease” in land-law and civil-law scientific theories in Ukraine is analyzed. The grounds for changing, terminating the employment (lease) contract are specified, including – regarding the use of the land plot. An individual legal interpretation (characteristic) of the employment (lease) contract was carried out according to the general (civil law) and special (land law) legislative doctrine of Ukraine through the prism of the analysis of the provisions of the Civil Code of Ukraine, as well as – the Land Code of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine “On Lease” land” No. 161-XIV and the “economic and property” Law of Ukraine “On Lease of State and Communal Property” No. 157-IX).
The practical-applied problems of land lease (hire) relationships have been defined in proportion to the provisions of the legislation of Ukraine. Attention is focused on the conflictual features of the provisions of the land legislation of Ukraine and the civil legislation of Ukraine regarding the regulation of land use relations.
Characteristic features of the contract for hiring (leasing) a land plot are defined, such as its bilateral, payment, mutually binding nature, etc. The set of rights and responsibilities of the lessee and the lessor, which are defined in the Law of Ukraine “On Land Lease” 2704-VIII and the Land Code of Ukraine, respectively, is defined.
Standardization of the term of the lease agreement (lease) of land plots under the legislation of Ukraine in the process of land use has been carried out. The special features of the term of the contract of employment (lease) of the land plot as one of its essential conditions have been studied.
The essence and peculiarities of ensuring the national security of the state by the Security Service of Ukraine as an object of administrative and legal protection and protection
Authors: Hrytsenko V. G.
Published: June 2024

The scientific article is devoted to the study of the essence and features of ensuring the national security of the state by the Security Service of Ukraine as an object of administrative and legal protection and protection. It is noted that the Security Service of Ukraine plays a key role in the implementation of administrative and legal protection and protection of the state’s national security.
It is outlined that the essence of the activity of the SBU consists in the systematic analysis, forecasting and elimination of threats that may arise both on the external and on the internal front. This activity involves providing a legal and administrative response to potential and actual threats, identifying and stopping the activities of hostile elements and terrorist groups that may pose a threat to national security. It has been proven that ensuring the national security of the state is an extremely difficult task that requires great responsibility and professionalism. The Security Service of Ukraine plays an important role in this process, acting as a key link in the system of protecting national interests and state security. It was emphasized that the administrative activity of the units of the SBU, taking into account the special nature of the specific state type of activity of this service, should be characterized not only through the prism of its tasks and functions (protection of state sovereignty, constitutional order, territorial integrity, economic, scientific, technical and defense potential of Ukraine, legitimate interests of the state and the rights of citizens), and with regard to their organizational support (issuance of legal acts of management, implementation of legally significant actions, organization of cooperation, interaction and administrative and contractual activities, participation in measures to ensure the rights of citizens). It is emphasized that the essence and features of ensuring the national security of the state by the Security Service of Ukraine are determined by a complex of administrative and legal measures and strategies aimed at protecting sovereignty, territorial integrity, the constitutional system, the interests of citizens and the stability of the country.
Limiting the right to education as a means of countering threats to public health
Authors: Kuksov V. G.
Published: June 2024

The article examines the problematic aspects of limiting the right to education as a means of countering threats to public health.
It has been established that the child’s realization of the right to education is directly related to the child’s availability of a number of preventive vaccinations, without which such a child may legally be prevented from attending school or another educational institution.
The state of normative legal regulation of the right to education, relations in the sphere of population protection from infectious diseases, ECtHR judgments in the case «Solomakhin v. Ukraine», in the case «Vavrzhichka et al. v. Czech Republic» and domestic judicial practice are analyzed.
The main arguments of the legal nature of vaccination antagonists have been identified, which boil down to the fact that vaccination is an arbitrary intervention of the state in a person’s private life, limits the state-guaranteed right to education and leads to discrimination on certain grounds and leads to the disclosure of medical information.
The content of the concept of interference with the right to respect for private life is revealed and it is clarified that such interference is justified if it was legal, pursued a legitimate goal and was necessary in a democratic society.
It is substantiated that the life, health and safety of a person is the highest social value in Ukraine, the content of the idea of a balance between individual rights and public interests is revealed.
It was established that in cases where individual interests may negatively affect the health and safety of society, the state may take measures to limit such individual rights.
The meaning of the concept of medical secrecy is disclosed, according to which medical secrecy includes information that includes data on a person’s application to a medical institution, his health status, diagnoses, results of examinations and treatment, as well as personal information about family and intimate life, health I have relatives and friends, and it was found out that there is no such secret in the vaccination certificate.
It was found that the availability of vaccinations is a prerequisite for access to education in educational institutions, and preventing unvaccinated children from attending educational institutions is not a violation of the right to education, but a limitation of the ability to choose any form of education.
Legal aspects of conducting investigative and search actions related to home invasion
Authors: Ilchenko O. V. , Holokha A. R.
Published: June 2024

The right to inviolability of housing is one of the fundamental foundations of a democratic society and the principle of the rule of law. The work analyzes in detail the constitutional right to the inviolability of housing in Ukraine and its implementation in practice. The relevant norms of the Constitution of Ukraine, the Criminal Code, the Criminal Procedure Code and other normative legal acts regarding the conditions of legal and illegal interference in a person’s home or other property are thoroughly considered.
Cases of justified restriction by state bodies of the right to the inviolability of housing in order to ensure public safety, prevent crimes or protect public order are analyzed in detail. Analyzing a number of decisions of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of Ukraine regarding the interpretation of the concepts of “intrusion”, “housing” and “other possession of a person” in the context of criminal liability for violation of the inviolability of housing. In particular, the definition of “intrusion” in the resolutions of the Plenum of the Supreme Council of the USSR in 1983 and the Plenum of the Supreme Council of the Ukrainian SSR in 1984 was examined in detail. A number of court decisions regarding the qualification of the actions of law enforcement officers as “intrusion into housing” were also analyzed.
A separate section is devoted to a detailed analysis of legal regulation and judicial practice regarding the limitation of the right to inviolability of housing in the USA, Canada and EU countries. In particular, the practice of the US Supreme Court regarding the entry into a home without a warrant under certain conditions was analyzed, compared to the relevant norms of the Basic Law of the Federal Republic of Germany and the Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. On the basis of the study, a conclusion was made regarding the need to ensure a proper balance between the implementation of the law enforcement function of the state and the guarantee of the constitutional right to the inviolability of housing in accordance with European standards in the field of human rights.
On the basis of the conducted research, a number of specific proposals were formulated to improve the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine and operative investigative legislation with the aim of more clearly regulating the grounds and procedure for possible restriction of the right to the inviolability of housing in accordance with European practice.
In general, the work comprehensively analyzes the current legislation regulating the right to inviolability of housing in Ukraine, and the practice of its application in comparison with international experience. Specific and well-founded proposals have been formulated regarding the improvement of the current legislation and the practice of its implementation, taking into account European standards in this area.
The principle of protection of legal trust in criminal proceedings under martial law
Authors: Loskutov T. O.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the principles of protection of legal trust in criminal proceedings under martial law. When posing the problem, it is noted that the state of criminal and criminal procedural legislation, as well as the practice of its implementation in the conditions of martial law, should be stable, uniform, predictable and effective. In the course of revealing the state of development of the corresponding issues, it is noted that the works of scientists touched on some components of the principle of protection of legal trust in criminal proceedings, however, the specified principle during martial law was not comprehensively investigated in the procedural doctrine. In the course of the presentation of the main material, it is emphasized that with the intensive rule-making process regarding the «improvement» of the content of the Criminal Procedure Code in relation to the regulation of criminal proceedings in the period of martial law, it is impossible to talk at all about the stability and predictability of criminal procedural prescriptions, legal certainty and the provision of human rights and freedoms in the criminal process, and therefore - about the protection of legal trust in the field of criminal justice during martial law. Attention is drawn to the fact that the existence of legal regulations that are not always adequate to the procedural powers of the subjects of the criminal process to protect against violations of human rights and freedoms indicates the disregard of the principle of protection of legal trust in criminal proceedings under martial law. It is determined that the inconsistency of the provisions of the Constitution of Ukraine and the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine in terms of the legal regulation of certain rights and freedoms in the conditions of martial law causes the presence of legal uncertainty in criminal procedural legislation, which negatively affects the legal position of a person in the field of criminal proceedings. It is concluded that the difficulty of ensuring the principle of legal trust protection in criminal proceedings under martial law is reflected in the defective legal regulation of the court’s decision-making against the will of the accused regarding remote trial, in which the accused is outside the court premises.
Current issues of using knowledge of forensic medicine during an investigation of cruel treatment of prisoners of war and the civilian population
Authors: Burnos O. O.
Published: June 2024

The article deals with topical issues of using knowledge of forensic medicine during an investigation of cruel treatment of prisoners of war and the civilian population. Emphasis is placed on the exceptional importance of using such special knowledge during the investigation of the investigated war crimes in connection with the peculiarities of the way they were committed, which is often associated with causing bodily harm and the onset of death of the victims. It was established that conducting a forensic medical examination belongs to the list of urgent investigative (search) actions, the primary purpose of which is the timely collection and preservation of evidence during the documentation of such war crimes. The purpose and directions of usng of forensic medical knowledge during documentation and investigation of investigated crimes, which, in addition to conducting forensic medical examinations, include the involvement of forensic doctors in conducting investigative (search) actions, including for the purpose of providing assistance during the extraction of biological samples for further expert research. The types of forensic examinations that can be prescribed in such proceedings are clarified, and an approximate list of issues that are resolved during expert research within each of the specified types is provided. Attention is focused on complications that arise during the use of forensic medicine knowledge, in particular under the influence of special conditions of wartime. In addition to security risks, the following are recognized as: deficiencies in the regulatory and legal regulation of forensic medical activity, improper organization of the structure of forensic medical institutions, deficiencies in material and technical and personnel support, as well as a low level of knowledge about the capabilities and potential of forensic examinations among employees of investigative bodies.
Undergraduate students’ engagement: a case of Padlet
Authors: Amer Noryanne , Wan Mohamed Wan Maisara , Wahidin Ima Shanaz , Jaafar Riza Emifazura
Published: June 2024

Student engagement plays a critical role in shaping students’ educational experiences and outcomes. It refers to the degree of attention, interest, curiosity, and emotional connection displayed by students while learning, whether in the classroom or independently. Ultimately, student engagement serves as a cornerstone of effective education, impacting student achievement, motivation, and overall well-being. This study explores the use of Padlet, a collaborative on-line tool widely employed to enhance student engagement in on-line learning. We investigate a total of 170 undergraduate students’ perceptions of Padlet’s ease of use and their preferences for utilizing it, aiming to understand its effect on student engagement. Students from UiTM enrolled in three different courses were selected to be the respondents of this study. Data distribution was assessed using Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) to examine the relationship between Padlet’s ease of use, student’s preferences, and their engagement levels. The research findings reveal that the first hypothesis has a significant positive effect, indicating that an easy-to-use interface positively influences student engagement with a moderate impact. The second hypothesis findings demonstrate a significant positive association, implying that when students have a preference for utilizing Padlet, their engagement levels increase, with the effect size indicating a moderate effect. Notably, both ease of use and student preference for Padlet emerged as significant predictors of higher student engagement. These results hold valuable implications for educators and institutions, emphasizing the benefits of incorporating user-friendly tools and understanding student preferences to foster more effective on-line learning experiences. By leverage such insights, educators can better support students’ engagement and create a more enriching and productive learning environment.
Leçons de sociologie criminelle de Émile Durkheim
Authors: Sánchez Ávila Ricardo
Published: June 2024

En este libro inédito, que data de 1893, cuando Émile Durkheim impartía un curso de Sociología criminal (recuperado y editado por Matthieu Béra), el autor francés despliega una tipología de crímenes según sus causas sociales, entre los que destacan los crímenes altruistas, los atáxicos, los alcohólicos y los anómicos. Antes de llegar a esta innovadora clasificación, el autor define sociológicamente al crimen, después problematiza algunos factores cósmicos, individuales, antropológicos y neurológicos que influyen en él hasta llegar a las causas sociales de este fenómeno.
THE WORK ,,AYRARAT. NATURE OF ARMENIA” BY GHEVOND ALISHAN, ARAGATSOTN REGION AND MOVSES KHORENATSI
Authors: SARGSYAN HOVHANNES
Published: June 2024

“Ayrarat. nature of Armenia” is one of the masterpieces of the great work conceived by Ghevond Alishan. Father Alishan set himself the goal of subjecting information about all 15 provinces of Historical Armenia to historical and geographical expertise, writing works, presenting them separately in 20-22 large volumes. In 1855, in the published work “Topography of the Armenians”, he presented the provinces of historical Armenia, essentially gave the corresponding scientific and geographical characteristics. In 1881, a work dedicated to one of the provinces of the Ayrarat province, Shirak, was placed on the reader's desk, in 1885 - "Sisuan", dedicated to Cilician Armenia. "Ayrarat" was printed in Venice in 1890 in the printing house of St. Lazarus. Ghevond Alishan's book presents a historical and geographical description of all the provinces, cities, towns and villages of the historical Ayrarat province of Armenia using various sources. Among them, a prominent place is occupied by the Father of Armenian historiography, Movses Khorenatsi, especially his work “History of Armenian”, to which the author turned when explaining various issues. In this article, we reviewed the book "Ayrarat.. the nature of Armenia." Our task is to present Movses Khorenatsi in the mentioned work, to separate from the comprehensive study conducted by Alishan, information regarding Aragatsotn, the largest region in the Ayrarat province, especially those settlements that are still part of the Aragatsotn region according to the administrative-territorial division, and to show how great is the legacy left by Khorenatsi for the writing of this book by the tireless Armenologist of the 19th century.
An improved data-collection form for the surveillance of HIV infection in Italy
Authors: Camoni Laura , Pasqualini Chiara , Regine Vincenza , D’Amato Stefania , Raimondo Mariangela , Pompa Maria Grazia , Salfa Maria Cristina , Suligoi Barbara
Published: June 2024

Background: The data-collection form used for Italy's recently established national HIV surveillance systemdoes not include sufficient information to thoroughly describe the dynamics of the epidemic. In addition,comparisons with data from other European countries are difficult. To address this issue, we have developeda more detailed form based on forms used in other European countries.Methods: Data-collection forms used in other countries were evaluated, and the information collected wascategorised by topic. Based on this evaluation, a form was developed for use in Italy.Results: The forms used in other countries are more detailed than the Italian form, and we propose addingthe following information to the Italian form: i) the year of entry in Italy for non-nationals; ii) testing pattern(i.e., the number of tests in the previous two years and during lifetime); iii) whether or not infection wasrecent, based on the antibody avidity index, and which test and cut-off were used; iv) whether or not testingwas performed in the acute phase of infection, based on symptoms; and v) a checklist of reasons forundergoing testing. We also added a “Comments” section for information not recorded elsewhere on theform.Discussion: The more detailed form will allow for a more thorough description of the characteristics of newlyinfected persons and of the dynamics of the epidemic in Italy, which is fundamental for prevention and controlinitiatives. It will also allow for comparisons to be made against data from other European countries, revealingimportant similarities and differences.
Migrant patients’ satisfaction with health care services: a comprehensive review
Authors: Kambale Mastaki Jerome
Published: June 2024

Objectives and methods: We sought to determine immigrants’ level of satisfaction with health care servicesin western developed countries. A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify all relevantstudies that assessed patient satisfaction among this population subgroup. As the research encountereddifferent methods and settings, results were synthesized in a narrative form.Results and conclusions: The search process yielded 54 potentially relevant (published) studies. 26 of themwere excluded for reasons presented in the section Exclusion criteria. The remaining 28 were retained foranalysis. Usually, immigrant patients showed lower satisfaction levels with western health services.