bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of ICG-fuorescence imaging in abdominal surgical oncology
Authors: Dubrovin V. Yu. , Tymchuk S. S. , Davletshina V. V. , Pavlov R. V. , Kashchenko V. A.
Published: May 2023

The purpose of the study was to summarize and analyze the available data on modern methods of additional imaging using indocyanine green (ICG) used in abdominal surgical oncology.

Material and Methods. The search and analysis of publications over the last 7–10 years was carried out using RSCI (Russian Science Citation Index), E-library, PubMed, Scopus, MedLine, Elsevier, Web of Science, ScienceDirect systems. The following keywords were used for the search: “ICG-fluorescent navigation”, “ICG-fluorescence”, “gastric cancer”, “colorectal cancer”, “indocyanine green”.

Results. The role of ICG-fluorescent navigation in abdominal oncology, in particular, in surgery for cancer of the stomach, colon and rectum, identification of peritoneal carcinomatosis and liver metastases, as well as in biliary surgery and cholangiography, was shown. Intraoperative visualization of sentinel lymph nodes and mapping of lymph nodes in patients with gastric and colorectal cancers were described. In addition, the information on the diagnostic value of vascular imaging in colorectal surgery, detection of the boundaries of hepatocellular carcinoma and surrounding tissues, as well as real-time liver metastases using indocyanine green, was provided. Special attention was paid to ICG-mediated cholecystectomy and cholangiography. ICG fluorescence imaging in colorectal and gastric cancer surgery makes it possible to individualize the surgical approach and provide functional surgery associated with the performance of a sufficient and prophylactically excessive volume of surgical intervention more effectively. Conclusion. The presented data confirm the relevance of the search for a vector of improving the imaging methods used in abdominal surgical oncology, which requires even more even more multicenter prospective cohort studies to determine the best ways of improving the technique.
Experimental study of the temperature distribution in long tubular bones with a periossal arrangement of heaters
Authors: Pakhmurin D. O. , Pakhmurina V. V. , Anisenya I. I. , Sitnikov P. K.
Published: May 2023

Purpose: to study the changes in the temperature outside and inside the long tubular bones of animals under the influence of different temperature regimes for a given time.

Material and Methods. The experiments were conducted using fresh frozen pig long bones. The heating was carried out using surface heaters, the temperature of which was determined by the selected mode for 1 hour; fixation of temperature values was carried out every minute. Four heating modes were used: 3 modes of constant heating (60, 70, 80 °C) and the maximum heating mode, in which no special temperature limit was set, so heating was carried out up to 120 °C.

Results. During the first 10 min of heating, a rapid rise in temperature occurred. The temperature increase rate on the outer surface outstripped the temperature increase rate on the inner surface of the bone, thus leading to a significant temperature difference. Further, there was a slowdown in the rate of temperature increase, which led to a gradual convergence of the temperature values inside and outside the bone, followed by temperature stabilization at a stable level (plateau), which was different for the studied areas. During this period, the temperature difference was 3.5–6 °C and it remained at this level until the end of the study. At a constant heating mode (60/70/80 °C), temperature stabilization occurred at the level of 55/61/70 °C in the center of the medullary canal and at the level of 58/67/75 °C under the heater, respectively. The period before reaching the stabilization temperature was 30–40 min. The stable temperature levels both inside and outside the bone were below the temperature stabilization level of the heater. Therefore, to achieve the planned temperature in the center of the bone to its outer surface, it is necessary to apply a high temperature, i.e., a downward temperature gradient is formed: the heater stabilization temperature – the temperature on the outer surface – the temperature inside the medullary canal. Increasing the exposure temperature can shorten the heating period, but increase the temperature difference during the heating period (up to 25 °C in the fifth minute of heating when using the maximum heating mode).

Conclusion. To ensure reaching the required temperature (60°C) within a short time (15–20 min) while maintaining optimal temperature parameters, it was proposed to develop variable temperature modes that would combine the initial use of the maximum heating mode until reaching the desired temperature in medullary cavity, followed by switching to a constant temperature mode, which allowed maintaining the achieved temperature level during therapeutic exposure.
Ace gene insertion/deletion polymorphism is associated with glioblastoma in an Iranian population: a case-control study
Authors: Moqadami A. , Agah E. M. , Khalaj-Kondori M.
Published: May 2023

Background. The insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene has recently been reported to be associated with the pathogenesis and development of human cancers.

This study aimed to assess the potential association between ACE (I/D) polymorphism and glioblastoma in an Iranian population.

Material and Methods. This case-control study was conducted on 80 patients with glioblastoma and 80 healthy blood donors as controls. Gap-polymerase chain reaction (Gap-PCR) was used to determine the ACE (I/D) genotypes. PCR products were separated and measured by electrophoresis on a 2 % agarose gel.

Results. Analysis of demographic data showed a significant difference in the family history of cancer between the case and control groups (p=0.03). The distribution of ACE gene variants including II, ID, and DD genotypes was also calculated, and significant differences were seen in the DD genotype (p=0.03) and D allele (p=0.04) between the glioblastoma cases and controls.

Conclusion. ACE gene polymorphism was associated with glioblastoma in the study population. Further studies are needed to approve this finding.
Solution of master equations by fermionic-duality: Time-dependent charge and heat currents through an interacting quantum dot proximized by a superconductor
Authors: Ortmanns Lara Celine , Wegewijs Maarten R. , Splettstoesser Janine
Published: May 2023

We analyze the time-dependent solution of master equations by exploiting fermionic duality, a dissipative symmetry applicable to a large class of open systems describing quantum transport. Whereas previous studies mostly exploited duality relations after partially solving the evolution equations, we here systematically exploit the invariance under the fermionic duality mapping from the very beginning when setting up these equations. Moreover, we extend the resulting simplifications -so far applied to the local state evolution- to non-local observables such as transport currents. We showcase the exploitation of fermionic duality for a quantum dot with strong interaction -covering both the repulsive and attractive case- proximized by contact with a large-gap superconductor which is weakly probed by charge and heat currents into a wide-band normal-metal electrode. We derive the complete time-dependent analytical solution of this problem involving non-equilibrium Cooper pair transport, Andreev bound states and strong interaction. Additionally exploiting detailed balance we show that even for this relatively complex problem the evolution towards the stationary state can be understood analytically in terms of the stationary state of the system itself via its relation to the stationary state of a dual system with inverted Coulomb interaction, superconducting pairing and applied voltages.
On classification approaches, terminology and modern principles of treatment of pathologies associated with high myopia. Part 2. Terminology and approaches to classification
Authors: Neroev V. V. , Zaytseva O. V. , Tarutta E. P. , Bobykin E. V. , Kovalevskaya M. A. , Fayzrakhmanov R. R. , Nechiporenko P. A.
Published: May 2023

Axial myopia is a risk factor for the development of many concomitant pathological conditions, including those likely to lead to an irreversible loss of visual functions. Until now, specialists disagree about the terminology and the approaches to classification of pathological myopia. We propose a critical analysis of the state-of-the-art research and use them to offer, the definitions of such conditions as “myopic macular degeneration (myopic maculopathy)”, “myopic choroidal neovascularization” and “myopic traction maculopathy” and recommend them for use in the healthcare system of the Russian Federation
On classification approaches, terminology and modern principles of treatment of pathologies associated with high myopia. Part 3. Approaches to monitoring and treatment of patients
Authors: Neroev V. V. , Zaytseva O. V. , Tarutta E. P. , Bobykin E. V. , Kovalevskaya M. A. , Fayzrakhmanov R. R. , Nechiporenko P. A.
Published: May 2023

High myopia is a common ametropia associated with a significant risk of multiple comorbidities. Decreased visual functions of myopic patients may be caused by non-specific diseases such as cataracts, glaucoma and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, which are very likely in myopia. Yet especially important are the specific changes such as atrophic, traction and neovascular manifestations of pathological myopia, the totality of which is defined as myopic macular degeneration or myopic maculopathy. The review highlights current approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases associated with high myopia, including original schemes for managing patients with myopic choroidal neovascularization and myopic traction maculopathy, developed by experts from the Expert Council on Retinal and Optic Nerve Diseases of the Russian nationwide public body Association of ophthalmologists, and includes an information leaflet for patients.
Conflitos territoriais, desterritorialização e racismo ambiental no Rio de Janeiro (2009-2016)
Authors: Brandão Caroline Martins , Damasco Fernando Souza
Published: May 2023

O artigo explora as imbricações entre acumulação capitalista, desterritorialização, racismo e injustiça ambiental em conflitos territoriais urbanos. Por meio de informações históricas e dados demográficos, analisam-se quatro casos no Rio de Janeiro/RJ, entre 2009 e 2016 (período de agudização do caráter neoliberal na governança da cidade): Vila Autódromo, Quilombo do Camorim, Horto Florestal e Santa Marta, que têm em comum a utilização da retórica ambiental estatal como ferramenta para desterritorializações. Destacamos a imputação de atributos ambientais negativos às comunidades (majoritariamente negras) como dimensão importante do racismo ambiental, reduzindo-as à representação da desordem, violando um pressuposto fundamental de sua reprodução cultural (a relação com o ambiente), ao mesmo tempo operando como mecanismo de valorização do solo urbano e controle social.
Speech behavior of the moderator in structuring the media dialogue: Models of topic management in the aspect of idiostyle (on the material of the video blog)
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Wang Xuefeng
Published: May 2023

Dialogue as a research object is reflected in the works of not only Russian researchers, but also western researchers. Dialogue as a basic form is widely used in the media space, which determines the need for its study. The aim of our study is to identify the models of dynamics management in media dialogue as an individual manifestation of the moderator. The article comprehensively uses analysis and synthesis, communicative and functional analysis, comparative analysis, method of structuring and model analysis. The 560-minute 54 seconds episodes of the video blog “vDud’”* were used as empirical material. The media dialogue as a semi-institutional communication under the new communicative conditions acquires new features. Its structuring largely depends on the speech behavior of the moderator, who occupies the leading place in this type of communication. On the basis of the analysis of the empirical material three basic models of the moderator’s management of the themes are revealed: the model “from general to the parts” which is effective for the disclosure of event information, the model “preliminary preparation + main topic putting forward” shows the information about the guests’ world outlook, life philosophy and values, and the model “direct input” which has a great communicative potential. In addition, the identified models acquire individual features in the process of their application by the video-blogger Y. Dud’*. For the disclosure of event information, the first model of Y. Dud’* in a harmonious situation was used. To obtain true information about the worldview, life understanding and values of the invited guests the second model is constantly applied in a conflict communicative environment. The third model by the situation can be both cooperative-harmonious and non-cooperative-conflict nature.
Quantitative evaluation of the influence of rainfall changes and groundwater exploitation on the groundwater level: a case study of the northern Huangqihai Basin, China
Authors: Jin Jing , Wang Zihe , Zhao Yiping , Zhu Zhijun , Zhang Jing
Published: May 2023

Based on the hydrogeological perspective, the variation in the groundwater level (W) was selected as the analysis factor, and the rainfall changes and groundwater exploitation (QGE) were considered to be the influencing factors. The influence of the two factors on W in the northern Huangqihai Basin was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Results showed that both rainfall and QGE showed increasing trends from 1996 to 2020, while the W values decreased. The correlation between QGE and W was weaker in wet years than in normal years but was the highest in dry years. The mutation time was determined to be 2004. Based on the slope-changing ratio of the cumulative quantity method and the elastic coefficient method, it was determined that the contribution of rainfall changes to W was 22.08% and that of QGE was 77.92%. This study highlights the effectiveness of the integration of qualitative analyses and quantitative evaluation for identifying the influence of external factors on groundwater and well documents that the elastic coefficient method can be used in this field. More attention should be focused on the scientific management of QGE to minimize its negative influence on the sustainable development of groundwater.
Inmunización de la movilidad, “corredor sanitario” y control del movimiento en tiempos de COVID-19
Authors: Basualdo Lourdes
Published: May 2023

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar ciertos cambios experimentados en las políticas de control del movimiento en el espacio sudamericano en tiempos de cierres de fronteras producidos con la llegada del COVID-19. Específicamente indaga el surgimiento y la producción política del “corredor sanitario” aéreo. Sostiene que las principales transformaciones se asocian al despliegue de diversidad de prácticas de inmunización de la movilidad orientadas a clasificar, filtrar y canalizar las movilidades inmunizadas y las movilidades infecciosas en un escenario de cierres de frontera. Mediante una metodología cualitativa que articula análisis documental y una entrevista con una funcionaria de la Administración Nacional de Aviación Civil (Argentina), muestra que la legitimación del “corredor sanitario” se asocia a su producción como respuesta a las “crisis” del COVID-19 y su capacidad de atender al mandato de la “seguridad sanitaria mundial”, las narrativas económicas a favor de la reactivación de la movilidad, y las lógicas nacionalistas que consideran al virus como una amenaza para la seguridad y la salud pública.
Critical Optical Depth Hypothesis for Phytoplankton Growth and Bloom. A New Graphical Approach to the Classic Sverdrup Critical Depth Model
Authors: Szeligiewicz Wojciech
Published: May 2023

A modification to the classic Sverdrup Critical Depth Model relating phytoplankton light-limited net growth in a mixed water column to its depth is presented by introducing optical depth in place of the physical depth of the column, as well as by the inclusion of self-shading and competition among phytoplankton species for light. The concept of critical optical depth of a well-mixed column is used to establish criteria for phytoplankton growth and competitive exclusion. This model shows not only the direction of the growth for a given column, such as the classic Sverdrup model, but also the magnitude of that growth. The model relies on plots of the average specific (per unit biomass) rate of this growth in the column against the optical depth of that column. These graphs are invariant under changes of light absorbers in the column as well as the depth of the column. In particular, these graphs do not change in the presence of competing species or with changes in column biomass, thus facilitating the analysis of these processes. Also, for this purpose, the concept of opacity load is introduced to name the optical depth. Such an extended Sverdrup model provides a simple visual, qualitative way of obtaining results consistent with Huisman and Weissing’s (1994) critical light theory. It is convenient for considering more complex phytoplankton growth scenarios.
Planejamento colaborativo
Authors: Bandeira Hilda Maria Martins , Marques Eliana de Sousa Alencar
Published: May 2023

O artigo aborda a organização da ação docente a partir da compreensão da necessidade de planejamento de ensino na educação superior. As reflexões desenvolvidas partem da premissa de que o planejamento de ensino, na perspectiva colaborativa, supera a concepção instrumental de planejamento, ensejando questões como: o que entendemos por planejamento? Quais os componentes estruturantes do plano de ensino e/ou plano de aula? Quais as possibilidades de um planejamento colaborativo? A pesquisa de natureza bibliográfica aponta como resultados que, no contexto de pensar e realizar o planejamento de ensino, é urgente romper com a tendência do isolamento na profissão docente. Nesse sentido, a cultura da prática colaborativa entre os docentes constitui possibilidade para a produção de currículo significativo, tendo em vista que o trabalho docente compartilhado fomenta a discussão, o debate, a reflexão e a decisão sobre o conteúdo e a forma do planejamento, sobre os fins e os meios para se alcançar práticas educativas transformadoras.
identidade das pedagogas formadoras da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Curitiba
Authors: Binotto Claudia , Hagemeyer Regina Cely de Campos
Published: May 2023

Este artigo analisa a identidade profissional do(a) pedagogo(a) formador(a) de Núcleos Regionais de Educação de Curitiba, propõe situar e identificar os desafios pedagógicos, sociais e culturais presentes na sua formação e desenvolvimento profissional. A investigação realizada com oito pedagogas formadoras iniciou com procedimentos da pesquisa qualitativa de André e Gatti (2008) e requisitou a metodologia de narrativas (auto)biográficas, a partir de Josso (2007) e Souza (2014) foi desenvolvida em encontros de pesquisa-formação, com base nos Ateliês Biográficos de Projeto de Delory-Momberger (2006). Na análise da pesquisa, a identidade profissional se apresentou como processo contínuo e dinâmico, de transformação pessoal e profissional, levando em conta os processos culturais das escolas. Destacou-se, nesta dimensão, o sentido do trabalho mediador que desenvolvem com os(as) pedagogos(as) e professores das escolas a que atendem. Emergiram, das análises, referenciais a serem considerados no desenvolvimento profissional das participantes, visando a atuação das pedagogas na escola municipal contemporânea.
Feira de ciências e tecnologias interescolar
Authors: Terçariol Adriana Aparecida de Lima , Higuchi Agnaldo Keiti , Moretti Andressa Algayer da Silva
Published: May 2023

Este artigo traz parte dos resultados obtidos com a realização da “I Feira de Ciências e Tecnologias Interescolar”, realizada no primeiro semestre de 2022, com o envolvimento de escolas que realizaram projetos voltados à integração das Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação, da robótica e do pensamento computacional, às práticas pedagógicas. A promoção dessa Feira constituiu-se como uma das ações vinculadas ao projeto de pesquisa: “A Robótica, o Pensamento Computacional e as Tecnologias Digitais na Educação Básica: Potencializando Aprendizagens e Competências em Processos de Ressignificação do Ensino de Ciências”, desenvolvido entre novembro de 2019 e outubro de 2022, a partir da Chamada Universal MCTIC/CNPq – Edital nº 05/2019 – Programa Ciência na Escola – Ensino de Ciências na Educação Básica, com apoio da Uninove/SP-Brasil. Nesse sentido, no presente artigo, o principal objetivo foi evidenciar as potencialidades e percepções dos estudantes sobre o processo de elaboração de seus projetos de aprendizagem e de sua respectiva apresentação nessa Feira promovida no âmbito do referido projeto de pesquisa.
The Function of Autophagy in the Initiation, and Development of
Breast Cancer
Authors: Beilankouhi Elmira Aboutalebi Vand , Valilo Mohammad , Dastmalchi Narges , Teimourian Shahram , Safaralizadeh Reza
Published: May 2023

Autophagy is a significant catabolic procedure that increases in stressful conditions.
This mechanism is mostly triggered after damage to the organelles, the presence of
unnatural proteins, and nutrient recycling in reaction to these stresses. One of the key
points in this article is that cleaning and preserving damaged organelles and accumulated
molecules through autophagy in normal cells helps prevent cancer. Since dysfunction of
autophagy is associated with various diseases, including cancer, it has a dual function in
tumor suppression and expansion. It has newly become clear that the regulation of autophagy
can be used for the treatment of breast cancer, which has a promising effect of increasing
the efficiency of anticancer treatment in a tissue- and cell-type-specific manner
by affecting the fundamental molecular mechanisms. Regulation of autophagy and its
function in tumorigenesis is a vital part of modern anticancer techniques. This study discusses
the current advances related to the mechanisms that describe essential modulators
of autophagy involved in the metastasis of cancers and the development of new breast
cancer treatments.
A Systematic Review of the Chemo/Radioprotective Effects of Melatonin
against Ototoxic Adverse Effects Induced by Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy
Authors: Basirat Usama , Bin  Tariq Umer , Moeen Nawal , Jawhar Zanko Hassan , Shoja Sarah Jawad , Kareem Ali Kamil , Ramírez-Coronel Andrés Alexis , Romero-Parra Rosario Mireya , Zabibah Rahman S. , Gupta Jitendra , Mustafa Yasser Fakri , Farhood Bagher
Published: May 2023

Background:

Although chemotherapy and radiotherapy are effective in cancer treatment, different
adverse effects induced by these therapeutic modalities (such as ototoxicity) restrict their clinical use. Co-treatment
of melatonin may alleviate the chemotherapy/radiotherapy-induced ototoxicity.

Objective:

In the present study, the otoprotective potentials of melatonin against the ototoxicity induced by chemotherapy
and radiotherapy were reviewed.

Methods:

According to the PRISMA guideline, a systematic search was carried out to identify all relevant
studies on “the role of melatonin against ototoxic damage associated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy” in
the different electronic databases up to September 2022. Sixty-seven articles were screened based on a predefined
set of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Seven eligible studies were finally included in this review.

Results:

The in vitro findings showed that cisplatin chemotherapy significantly decreased the auditory cell viability
compared to the control group; in contrast, the melatonin co-administration increased the cell viability of
cisplatin-treated cells. The results obtained from the distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) and auditory
brainstem response (ABR) tests demonstrated a decreased amplitude of DPOAE and increased values of
ABR I-IV interval and ABR threshold in mice/rats receiving radiotherapy and cisplatin; nevertheless, melatonin
co-treatment indicated an opposite pattern on these evaluated parameters. It was also found that cisplatin
and radiotherapy could significantly induce the histological and biochemical changes in the auditory cells/tissue.
However, melatonin co-treatment resulted in alleviating the cisplatin/radiotherapy-induced biochemical
and histological changes.

Conclusion:

According to the findings, it was shown that melatonin co-treatment alleviates the ototoxic damage
induced by chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Mechanically, melatonin may exert its otoprotective effects via
its anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory activities and other mechanisms.
Biosynthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles by Lactobacillus spp. and
Investigation of their Antimicrobial Effect
Authors: Sharifabady Saeideh Morovaty , Shakib Pegah , Omidi Behin , Zolfaghari Mohammad Reza
Published: May 2023

Background:

Nanoparticle biology is preferable to other common methods due to its
economic efficiency and compatibility with the environment. On the other hand, the prevalence of
drug-resistant bacterial strains is expanding and it is necessary to use alternative antibiotic compounds
to deal with them. The aim of the present study was the biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO
NPs) by Lactobacillus spp. and their antimicrobial effect.

Methods:

In this study, after the biosynthesis of ZnO NPs by Lactobacillus spp, Characterization of
Nanoparticulation Was performed by UV–Vis, XRD, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Additionally,
Lactobacillus spp. - ZnO NPs were assessed for their antimicrobial properties.

Results:

UV-visible spectroscopy confirmed the Lactobacillus spp. - ZnO NPs absorbed UV in the
region of 300-400 nm. XRD analysis showed the presence of zinc metal in nanoparticles. SEM
revealed that Lactobacillus plantarum - ZnO NPs were smaller than the others. Staphylococcus aureus
showed the largest non-growth halo diameter against ZnO NPs synthesized by L. plantarum ATCC
8014 (3.7 mm). E. coli had the largest growth halo diameter against ZnO NPs synthesized by L. casei
(3 mm) and L. plantarum (2.9 mm). The MIC values of ZnO NPs synthesized by L. plantarum ATCC
8014, L.casei ATCC 39392, L. fermenyum ATCC 9338, L. acidophilus ATCC 4356 were 2,8,8 and 4
μg/mL for Staphylococcus aureus. The MIC values of ZnO NPs synthesized by L. plantarum ATCC
8014, L. casei ATCC 39392, L. fermenyum ATCC 9338, L. acidophilus ATCC 4356 were 2, 4, 4, and
4 μg/ml for E. coli. The lowest MICs were 2 μg/ml for E. coli and S. aureus related to ZnO NPs
synthesized by L. plantarum ATCC 8014. MIC and MBC values were equivalent to each other.

Conclusion:

The results of this research show that ZnO NPs synthesized by L. plantarum ATCC 8014
have more antimicrobial effects than other ZnO NPs used. Therefore, the ZnO NPs made with Lactobacillus
plantarum ATCC 8014 have the potential to kill bacteria and can be considered a candidate
for antibiotic replacement.
Triazole-linked Nucleic Acids: Synthesis, Therapeutics and Synthetic
Biology Applications
Authors: Sharma Vivek K. , Mangla Priyanka , Singh Sunil K. , Prasad Ashok K.
Published: May 2023

This article covers the triazole-linked nucleic acids where the triazole linkage (TL) replaces the natural phosphate backbone. The replacement is done at either a few selected linkages or all the phosphate linkages. Two triazole linkages, the four-atom TL1 and the six-atom TL2, have been discussed in detail. These triazole-modified oligonucleotides have found a wide range of applications, from therapeutics to synthetic biology. For example, the triazole-linked oligonucleotides have been used in the antisense oligonucleotide (ASO), small interfering RNA (siRNA) and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 technology as therapeutic agents. Due to the ease of the synthesis and a wide range of biocompatibility, the triazole linkage TL2 has been used to assemble a functional 300-mer DNA from alkyne- and azide-functionalized 100-mer oligonucleotides as well as an epigenetically modified variant of a 335 base-pair gene from ten short oligonucleotides. These outcomes highlight the potential of triazole-linked nucleic acids and open the doors for other TL designs and artificial backbones to fully exploit the vast potential of artificial nucleic acids in therapeutics, synthetic biology and biotechnology.
An Insight into the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Along with
the Novel Potential Therapeutic Approaches
Authors: Vig Himangi , AP Ravinandan , Vishwas Hunsur Nagendra , Tyagi Sachin , Rathore Shruti , Wal Ankita , Wal Pranay
Published: May 2023

Background:

The existence of aberrant myocardial activity and function in the exclusion
of those other cardiovascular events, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and severe valve
disease, is known as diabetic cardiomyopathy. Diabetes patients are much more prone to death
from cardiovascular illnesses than from any other cause, and they also have a 2–5 fold higher likelihood
of acquiring cardiac failure and other complications.

Objective:

In this review, the pathophysiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy is discussed, with an
emphasis on the molecular and cellular irregularities that arise as the condition progresses, as well
as existing and prospective future treatments.

Method:

The literature for this topic was researched utilizing Google Scholar as a search engine.
Before compiling the review article, several research and review publications from various publishers,
including Bentham Science, Nature, Frontiers, and Elsevier, were investigated.

Result:

The abnormal cardiac remodelling, marked by left ventricular concentric thickening and
interstitial fibrosis contributing to diastolic impairment, is mediated by hyperglycemia, and insulin
sensitivity. The pathophysiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy has been linked to altered biochemical
parameters, decreased calcium regulation and energy production, enhanced oxidative damage
and inflammation, and a build-up of advanced glycation end products.

Conclusion:

Antihyperglycemic medications are essential for managing diabetes because they successfully
lower microvascular problems. GLP-1 receptor agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter
2 inhibitors have now been proven to benefit heart health by having a direct impact on the
cardiomyocyte. To cure and avoid diabetic cardiomyopathy new medicines are being researched,
including miRNA and stem cell therapies.
Parenteral vs Enteral Nutrition: A Retrospective Study on PNI and Inflammatory Status
Authors: Merra Giuseppe , Donati Giulia , Romano Lorenzo , Gualtieri Paola , Capacci Annunziata , Di Renzo Laura , De Lorenzo Antonino
Published: May 2023

Background:

Malnutrition consists of a functional and structural alteration caused by
an imbalance between specific needs, intake, or utilization of foods and nutrients.

Objective:

The aim of this trial is to establish whether PNI (Prognostic Nutritional Index) is related
to the inflammation pattern in our patients and which type of AN gives more advantages in
clinical practice in improving PNI, and so the prognosis.

Methods:

During hospitalization, we have identified the presence of malnutrition and its aetiology-
type, and initiated artificial nutrition (AN), enteral (EN), or parenteral (PN). For efficacy, we
can use many biochemical tests, such as pre-albumin, transferrin, RBP, PINI, and albumin. The
retrospective study was conducted by analyzing 145 patients. At baseline and after 7 days, the
concentration of Albumin, Platelets, Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, and RCP was measured and was
calculated PNI, PLR, and NLR. The patients were divided into three groups according to the
treatment received with artificial nutrition: 32 Parenteral (PG), 15 Enteral (EG), and 17 Combined
(CG).

Results:

Between baseline and 7 days, no change was observed, while in EG a significant increase
in albumin and RCP and a significant reduction in PNI were observed, and, in CG a significant
increase in lymphocytes, in PNI and a significant reduction in NLR.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, a short-term nutritional intervention can benefit from a combined approach
to improve prognostic such as PNI.
Efficacy of Homoeopathy In PCOS- A Review
Authors: Rath Padmalaya , Sharma Bindu , Gautam Priya , Misra Pankhuri
Published: May 2023

Introduction:

To evaluate the usefulness of homeopathy for the treatment of PCOS through
a literature review and to develop a strategy for future research.

Method:

A comprehensive search was done in electronic databases, including general medical databases MEDLINE, CENTRAL, Science Direct, specialised database for homeopathy CORE-Hom,
CAM databases LILACS Chiro ACCESS, AYUSH Research Portal, Google Scholar, Research gate
net, clinical trial registry, aimed to target the available literature of observational studies, randomized
trials, controlled trials, case reports on PCOS in homeopathy and limited to the English language. The
inclusion criteria are the studies with a full-text present in mentioned databases, studies with experimental or quasi-experimental designs published in peer-reviewed or partial peer-reviewed journals and
studies with humans as their samples.

Result:

A literary search through databases helped to identify a few significant studies, such as one
placebo-controlled trial, one comparative clinical study, one retrospective study, three clinical studies,
and nine case reports. A retrospective study showed positive results for the role of homeopathic medicines in PCOS. The placebo-controlled trial showed a difference in outcome between the two groups.
The verum group showed a positive effect in the regularization of menses. The comparative clinical
study showed that both homeopathic medicines (Cal. carb, Lycopodium) appeared to be effective.
Three clinical studies showed the effectiveness of homeopathic medicines in improving and curing
PCOS. Nine case reports showed a positive effect of homeopathy in improving PCOS, out of which
three cases showed positive outcomes also in infertility with PCOS.

Conclusion:

The results showed that Homoeopathy has positive effects on the management of PCOS
in women. In the future, high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCT), comparative studies of homeopathy with conventional therapy, and in-vitro and animal model studies will be required to support
the effectiveness of homeopathic therapeutics in PCOS.
Monocomponent Biosorption of Copper Ions (II) onto Nanocrystalline
Cellulose from Coconut Husk Fibers
Authors: Binti Abdullah Nur Athirah , Badiei Marzieh , Mohammad Masita , Asim Nilofar , Yaakob Zahira , Radli Othman Mohd. Amir
Published: May 2023

Introduction:

Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) is one of the most suitable cellulose derivatives
for the treatment of wastewater. Various agricultural wastes have been used for the extraction
of NCC. Coconut wastes have been widely studied as potential adsorbents for the removal
of pollutants, including dyes and heavy metals.

Methods:

In this work, nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) was successfully isolated from coconut
husk fibers through alkaline pretreatment accompanied by sulfuric acid hydrolysis. Then, the ability
of NCC to adsorb Cu2+ from aqueous solution in batch studies was investigated.

Results:

Results indicated that the optimal hydrolysis parameters were achieved at 50° C for 45
min with 64% sulfuric acid to extract NCC as rod-like particles with diameters between 4-10 nm.
The potential of NCC as a biosorbent to remove copper ions (Cu2+) from aqueous solution was
investigated in terms of batch mode and maximum adsorption capacity (qm) of 79.491 mg/g of
Cu2+. The adsorption efficiency of Cu2+ions increased with an increase in the adsorbent dosage,
decreased with an increase in the initial concentration of contaminant, and increased with the contact
time. Under optimal conditions, adsorption kinetic followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic
model and the adsorption isotherm fitted most closely with the Langmuir model.

Conclusion:

According to a literature review, NCC from coconut husk fibers has not been used for
the adsorption of heavy metals, mainly copper ions. This study shows that NCC from coconut husk
fibers can be used as a low-cost and environmentally friendly adsorbent for the removal of Cu2+
from aqueous solutions.
An Insight into the Combination of Probiotics and their Implications for Human Health
Authors: Hmar El Bethel Lalthavel , Paul Sujata , Sharma Hemanta Kumar
Published: May 2023

Over 100-1000 microbial species reside in the human gut, where they predominantly in-fluence the host's internal environment and, thus, have a significant impact on host health. Probiotics are best characterized as a microbe or a group of microbes that reside in the gut and support the body's internal microbiota. Probiotics are linked to increased health advantages, including better immune function, improved nutritional absorption, and protection against cancer and heart-related illnesses. Several studies have demonstrated that combining probiotics from different strains with complemen-tary activities may have synergistic advantages and aid in re-establishing the equilibrium of how immunological niches and microorganisms interact. Another thing to remember is that even though a product contains more probiotic strains, that doesn't always guarantee that the health benefits will be more significant. For specific combinations to be justified, there must be clinical proof. The clin-ical results of a probiotic strain are specifically pertinent to the participants in the relevant research, such as studies on adults or newborn infants. Clinical outcomes of a probiotic strain are mainly con-nected to the investigated health area (such as gut health, immune health, oral health, etc.). As a result, picking the right probiotic is essential yet tricky because of several factors, including probiotic products with the disease and strain-specific effectiveness exists; however, various probiotic strains have diverse modes of action. The current review focuses on probiotic categorization, their function in enhancing human health, and any potential health benefits of probiotic combinations.
Technology Prospection of Ora-pro-Nóbis (Pereskia aculeata
Mill.): A Non-conventional Food Plant
Authors: Miranda Sá Kellen , Lima Soares Igor , de Souza Leão Marcos Venânces , Carneiro  Ferreira Maria Izabel , do Nascimento Patrícia Georgina Garcia , Martins Pontes Claudilane , da  Hora Alane Maia , Pontes  Leal Lucas , de Oliveira Maria Nilka , Medeiros  Bandeira Mary Anne , Ferreira  Pontes Dorasilvia
Published: May 2023

Background::

The ora-pro-nóbis (Pereskia aculeata Mill.) is a plant from Brazilian
biodiversity used for food and medicinal purposes. It has ample technological potential,
however, it is still underutilized, being classified as a Non-Conventional Food Plant (PANC).
Prospective studies in intellectual property banks make it possible to expand perspectives for
scientific research, enhancing the generation of new products.

Objective::

Evaluate the patents of products containing Pereskia aculeata Mill. for the areas
of food and health in intellectual property databases.

Methods::

The study was conducted through structured prospective investigation (collection,
processing and analysis) in 4 patent databases: National Institute of Intellectual Property
(INPI) - Brazil, United States Patent and Trademark Office, World Trade Organization Intellectual
Property (WIPO) and Espacenet.

Results::

The evaluation showed a reduced number of registered patents. In general, 8 patent
applications were examined, of which 7 are directly associated with the species (and its derivatives)
and 1 is related to a device specially designed for harvesting leaves/fruits and removing
thorns. The focus of the patents was the use of the species in the food, pharmaceutical
and biotechnological areas, with emphasis on the use of the leaves in the extraction of
mucilage and proteins.

Conclusion::

This study showed that Pereskia aculeata Mill. is a technologically promising
plant, because of its nutritional and medicinal composition, and it is important to encourage
innovation and the development of new products with the species.
CNN-RNN Algorithm-based Traffic Congestion Prediction System using
Tri-Stage Attention
Authors: Asif S. , Kartheeban K.
Published: May 2023

Most people consider traffic congestion to be a major issue since it increases noise, pollution, and time wastage. Traffic congestion is caused by dynamic traffic flow, which is a serious concern. The current normal traffic light system is not enough to handle the traffic congestion problems since it functions with a fixed-time length strategy.

Methods::

Despite the massive amount of traffic surveillance videos and images collected in daily monitoring, deep learning techniques for traffic intelligence management and control have been underutilized. Hence, in this paper, we propose a novel traffic congestion prediction system using a deep learning approach. Initially, the traffic data from the sensors is obtained and pre-processed using normalization. The features are extracted using Multi-Linear Discriminant Analysis (M-LDA). We propose Tri-stage Attention-based Convolutional Neural Network- Recurrent Neural Network (TA- CNN-RNN) for predicting traffic congestion.

Results:

To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed model, the Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Squared Error (MSE), and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) were used as the evaluation metrics.

Conclusion:

The experimental trial could extend its successful application to the traffic surveillance system and has the potential to enhancement an intelligent transport system in the future.
Study of Hydrolytic Enzymes Activity and Stability of the Isolated Yeast Close to Zygoascus hellenicus
Authors: Dilmaghani Azita , Elyasi Far Babak , Sajadi Fereydoun , Nazemiyeh Hossein , Mehdizadeh Aghdam Elnaz
Published: May 2023

Background:

Lipase is one of the most well-known and essential biocatalysts in the de-tergent, food, and pharmaceutical industries. Microbial lipase sources such as yeasts are applicable due to their stability in harsh conditions.

Objective:

In this study, the effect of temperature, initial pH, and incubation time were investigated to improve the extracellular lipase production by yeast, named Zygoascus hellenicus strain MZ_574439 T.

Methods:

Strain MZ_574439 T has already been isolated and registered from Iran. In the current project, strain MZ_574439 T with 99% similarity to Z. hellenicus was isolated from water samples.

Results:

Our findings showed that the isolated strain has a remarkable difference from its close phy-logenetic species in the production of lipase and can produce extracellular lipase up to 7.2 U/ml while the Z. hellenicus has no ability of lipase production. The isolated strain was not able to pro-duce other hydrolytic enzymes. The enzyme activity results showed that the best activity for the iso-lated lipase is pH= 7 and 37°C. The best stability condition for the enzyme occurs at 50°C and pH =7.

Conclusion:

From the current study, it can be concluded that Z. hellenicus produces lipase. The li-pase enzyme production was optimized with different physiological conditions. Yeast extract could be a better source for maximum lipase production.
Neuroprotective Activities of Cinnamic Acids and their Derivatives
Authors: Biswas Pronit , Singh Yadav Rajesh , Jain Juli
Published: May 2023

 Neurodegenerative disorders are considered major global health problems
associated with nervous system dysfunction, progressive neuronal cell loss with aging,
and several pathological and sporadic factors. Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s
disease, Prion disease, Huntington’s disease, and multiple sclerosis are the main
neurodegenerative diseases that raise significant concern among health scientists. The
etiology of different neurodegenerative diseases is different, and they majorly affect the
nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nervous system.
Neurodegenerative diseases are linked with motor dysfunction, anxiety, memory loss,
depression, cognitive impairments, etc. These diseases can be hereditary or caused by
toxicity, metabolic disorders, or pathological changes in the brain. Therefore, interest
has been growing in the development of different neuroprotective agents of natural
origin that could work effectively against these diseases. In that aspect, phytochemicals
have shown high potential with minimal side effects in various in vitro and in vivo
studies. Cinnamic acids with phenylpropenoic moiety are abundant in many natural
resources. These are available in many forms, such as ferulic acid, caffeic acid, etc.
They also have a variety of pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory,
anti-oxidant, anti-amyloid, and neuroprotective properties. This chapter summarizes the
role of naturally occurring cinnamic acids and their derivatives to develop the
mechanistic aspects of neuroprotective therapeutics in neurodegenerative diseases.
Future challenges are also discussed to provide beneficial information and therapeutic
strategies.
Diagnosis of the technology of titanium and hafnium oxides by luminescence methods
Authors: Bulyarskiy S. V.  , Gusarov G. G.  , Dudin A. A.  , Koiva D. A.  , Litvinova K. I.
Published: May 2023

The article shows the role of oxygen vacancies in the formation of luminescence bands of titanium and hafnium oxides, and also demonstrates the relationship between the intensity of luminescence bands and the conditions for the synthesis of films of these materials. It is concluded that photoluminescence is a very sensitive method for diagnosing the composition of oxides. Luminescence bands at 2.45 eV in titanium oxide and 2.91 eV in hafnium oxide make it possible to analyze the change in the film composition under various technological conditions of their production. Keywords: oxygen vacancies, titanium oxide, hafnium oxide, photoluminescence.
Universal features of the manifestation of the relationship between local and segmental dynamics of polymers at terahertz frequencies in IR spectra
Authors: Ryzhov V. A.
Published: May 2023

Low-frequency IR- spectra of glassy polymers were obtained and analyzed at temperatures from 90 to 400 K. Temperature changes in the IR- spectra in the range from 10 to 140 cm-1 show three universal features: low-temperature, corresponding to the torsional-vibrational motion of monomer units, high-temperature, due to the influence of primary relaxation (glass transition) and intermediate, caused by the activation of conformational mobility in chains at a temperature of β-transition. This versatility extends both to polymers with universal chain-to-chain interactions and to those with hydrogen bonds. Keywords: IR spectra, excess density of vibrational states, bosonic peak, molecular dynamics, α- and β-relaxations.