bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KONSTRUKTIVISTIME DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEAKTIFAN BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN PAI DI MIS SYECH QURRO AL-ALAWI
Authors: Mahallia Siti Nurrahmah  , Rahmat Azid Muslim  , Ferianto
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana model pembelajaran konstruktivisme dapat mempengaruhi keaktifan belajar siswa dikelas. Pembelajaran kontriktivisme dimungkinkan untuk memberikan ruang yang lebih baik bagi keterlibatan siswa di ruang kelas, untuk mengeksplorasi dan menggali lebih dalam keindahan dan potensi kemampuan serta perilaku sikap yang lebih terbuka. Siswa menjadi lebih aktif dalam proses pembelajaran dan percaya diri untuk mengungkapkan gagasan atau ide yang muncul pada dirinya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu dengan pendekatan kualitatif menggunakan metode observasi dan wawancara serta eksploratif untuk mengungkap fenomena yang terjadi di lapangan. Data yang dikumpulkan berasal dari data primer melalui wawancara dan observasi di MIS Syech Qurro Al-Alawi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dengan menggunakan pendekatan konstruktivisme siswa menjadi lebih aktif dalam proses pembelajaran di kelas hal tersebut dapat dibuktikan dengan adanya siswa yang bertanya, adanya siswa yang mempresentasikan apa yang ia ketahui mengenai materi di depan teman-temannya, adanya siswa yang menaggapi dan menjawab pertanyaan temannya. Kegiatan pembelajaran tersebut dilakukan pada materi pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam yaitu mengenai akhlak terpuji. Penelitian ini berimplikasi pada pentingnya seorang guru dalam memilih model dan metode pembelajaran yang tepat karena hal tersebut sangat mempengaruhi keaktifan siswa selama proses pembelajaran berlangsung dan tentunya akan semakin mengasah kemampuan dan percaya diri siswa pada pembelajaran PAI.
PENGARUH PERHATIAN ORANG TUA DAN PERILAKU SDM SISWA TERHADAP KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR DI SEKOLAH
Authors: Suherman  , Reni Apriani  , Mawardi Nurullah
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini meneliti dampak perhatian orang tua dan kemandirian belajar siswa terhadap perilaku SDM sekolah. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi bagaimana dukungan kemandirian orang tua dan kontrol psikologis membentuk kemandirian relatif siswa dalam belajar, yang pada gilirannya mempengaruhi sikap dan tindakan staf sekolah. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa dukungan kemandirian orang tua berhubungan positif dengan berbagai hasil akademis dan sosial pada anak-anak yang sedang berkembang, dan juga pada anak-anak yang mengalami ketidakmampuan belajar (Shea, 2013) (Vansteenkiste et al., 2005). Untuk menguji hubungan yang dihipotesiskan, akan dilakukan survei cross-sectional terhadap sampel staf sekolah, termasuk guru, konselor, dan administrator. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperluas temuan temuan ini dengan memeriksa implikasi hilir untuk perilaku personal sekolah. Dihipotesiskan bahwa siswa dengan tingkat kemandirian belajar yang lebih tinggi, yang dipupuk oleh pengasuhan yang mendukung kemandirian, akan memperoleh perilaku yang lebih positif dan mendukung dari staf sekolah dibandingkan dengan siswa yang mengalami kontrol psikologis orang tua yang tinggi. Hasil dari penelitian ini akan memberikan wawasan tentang bagaimana sistem sekolah dapat mengoptimalkan lingkungan belajar dengan mempromosikan dukungan kemandirian orang tua dan pengaturan diri siswa.
PENDEKATAN ERGONOMI PARTISIPATORI UNTUK MENGURANGI RISIKO KESEHATAN DAN MENINGKATKAN KINERJA PETANI DI DESA MULYASEJATI
Authors: Nana Rahdiana
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini mengkaji efektivitas pendekatan ergonomi partisipatori dalam mitigasi risiko kesehatan dan meningkatkan kinerja petani di Desa Mulyasejati. Petani seringkali menghadapi tuntutan fisik yang berat, yang menyebabkan gangguan muskuloskeletal dan penurunan produktivitas. Melalui proses kolaboratif yang melibatkan petani dan peneliti, intervensi ergonomis dirancang untuk mengatasi tantangan ini. Intervensi yang dilakukan antara lain modifikasi cangkul, penyesuaian praktik kerja, dan penerapan waktu istirahat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif terhadap risiko kesehatan dan produktivitas partisipan. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa seluruh sampel petani di Desa Mulyasejati mengalami keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal. Penelitian ini menyoroti pentingnya melibatkan petani dalam mengembangkan solusi ergonomis yang disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan lokal, mendorong praktik berkelanjutan yang meningkatkan kesehatan dan produktivitas. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa ergonomi partisipatori dapat menjadi strategi yang efektif untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan dan kinerja petani pedesaan, serta berkontribusi terhadap upaya yang lebih luas dalam pembangunan pedesaan dan kesehatan kerja.
KESEJAHTERAAN PSIKOLOGIS PADA DEWASA AWAL DENGAN STATUS PENGANGGURAN
Authors: Salsa Bella Aryana  , Suwarti
Published: December 2024

Ryff & Singer (2008) mendefinisikan kesejahteraan psikologi sebagai suatu realisasi atas pengembangan potensi pribadi secara utuh. Tujuan dalam studi penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui bagaimana kesejahteraan psikologis pada dewasa awal dengan status sebagai seorang pengangguran. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunkan teknik wawancara. Kriteria yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu: pria/wanita yang berstatus pengagguran dan berumur 18-27 tahun (Dewasa Awal). Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa subjek pertama dan subjek kedua memiliki kesejahteraan psikologis yang berbeda. Subjek pertama memiliki kesejahteraan psikologis yang kurang baik dan subjek kedua memiliki  kesejahteraan psikologis yang baik.
Ryff & Singer (2008) define psychological well-being as the realization of the development of complete personal potential. The aim of this research study is to find out the psychological well-being of young adults with the status of being unemployed. The research method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative research method. The data collection technique in this research is using interview techniques. The criteria used in this research are: men/women who are unemployed and aged 18-27 years (Early Adult). The research results concluded that the first subject and the second subject had different psychological well-being. The first subject has poor psychological well-being and the second subject has good psychological well-being
SEBUAH IMPLEMENTASI GAME THEORY PADA STRATEGI PERSAINGAN LION AIR GROUP DAN GARUDA INDONESIA GROUP
Authors: Annisa Indah Pratiwi  , Dirgantara Bagas , Trio Yonathan Teja Kusuma
Published: December 2024

Aviation is still the people's choice of transportation today. Airlines in Indonesia are quite diverse so people consider the choice of airline. Starting from the quality of service, price, ease of reservation, etc. This case aims to analyze the strategies of AL Group and IG Group and find out which strategy is the most optimal for two parent companies. The method used is using Game Theory (Pure Strategy) which uses manual calculations and with the help of POM-QM software. In the manual calculation, the optimal value for the two parent airlines was 12. In the POM-QM software calculation, the optimal value for the two parent airlines was 11.56. Both parent airlines get the optimal point if using strategy 3 for IG Group and strategy 5 for AL Group.
Analysis of Contact Wheel and Tool Interaction in Belt Grinding
Authors: Henning Julian Wolfgang , Uhlmann Eckart , Walter Michael
Published: December 2024

The belt grinding process is gaining an increasing importance in the industrial sector. Due to its high flexibility regarding the range of workpiece materials and its adaptability to various, even geometrically complex workpiece shapes and designs, belt grinding has a broad field of applications. Typical application cases for this process include sealing surfaces on housing and engine parts, the production of camshafts and crankshafts as well as cylinders with high concentricity accuracy. Despite the extensive application of belt grinding in the manufacturing industry, the respective interactions between grinding belt and contact wheel of the process have not been holistically investigated. Therefore, this article focuses on the deformation of the contact wheel as well as the deformation during the interaction between the contact wheel and the grinding belt. This includes the flattening of the tool under grinding normal force Fn and deformation under centrifugal forces. The empirical data is intended to provide insights into the relationship between tool deformation and elastic effective depth of cut ae.
Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia as a component of a multiorgan senescence syndrome
Authors: Peroutka Stephen J.
Published: December 2024

Patients with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia (ADRD) have a higher risk for comorbidities than non-cognitively impaired age-matched individuals. Because ADRD is an age-related disorder, it was hypothesized that younger patients with ADRD have a lower prevalence of comorbidities than their older counterparts. To test this hypothesis, the following four patient cohorts were defined in the TriNetX Analytics Network database based on the presence or absence of International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) codes G30 (Alzheimer’s disease), and/or F01 (dementia in other diseases classified elsewhere) in their health care records who had health care visits from 2021 to 2023: individuals aged 65 – 80 years with and without ADRD diagnosis and individuals aged ≥90 years with and without ADRD diagnosis. Patients with ADRD in both age groups had a higher prevalence of comorbidities in almost all ICD-10 chapters than age-matched non-ADRD individuals. The younger ADRD cohort showed a comorbidity pattern that was significantly different than that of their age-matched cohort (P < 0.0001); however, it was not statistically different than the comorbidity pattern of the older ADRD cohort (P = 0.80). Similarly, the younger non-ADRD cohort showed a comorbidity pattern that was not statistically different than that of the older non-ADRD cohort (P = 0.28). These results indicated that ADRD diagnosis is associated with coincident multiorgan dysfunction in a pattern that is almost identical between the two different age groups. These data also suggested that cognitive impairment associated with ADRD is only a single component of a multiorgan senescence syndrome. Overall, this study revealed that optimizing the health care management of non-cognitive organ dysfunction in patients with ADRD may improve their overall health and, thereby, delay the progression of cognitive impairment.
Sustainable innovations in biomedical materials: A review of eco-friendly synthesis approaches
Authors: Mamidi Narsimha , Otero Jesús Fernando Flores
Published: December 2024

In recent years, the biomedical field has witnessed significant advancements at the intersection of technology and biology. Metallic, polymeric, and carbonaceous materials have emerged as crucial components in developing and enhancing cutting-edge technologies. The properties of these materials, such as particle size, stability, and surface chemistry, are determined by their synthesis methods, which, in turn, enable specific applications. These materials are primarily synthesized through top-down and bottom-up techniques, each characterized by distinct preparation conditions, precursor materials, and catalytic processes. However, conventional synthesis methods often require substantial energy consumption, hazardous solvents, and non-renewable precursors, leading to environmental concerns and long-term costs. This review aims to provide an overview of the primary approaches and recent efforts to optimize the production and preparation processes of nanomaterials for biomedical applications. It addresses the advantages and limitations of green synthesis methods compared to traditional chemical and physical methods, offering an objective overview of green synthesis. In addition, it provides insights into the pre-clinical and clinical statuses of various nanomaterials. These efforts aim to mitigate the environmental impact of biomedical material synthesis by adopting eco-friendly strategies, such as minimizing energy consumption, utilizing environmentally friendly precursors, and embracing environmentally benign catalytic methodologies, while still leveraging traditional techniques.
The roles and potential clinical implications of gut microbiome in sepsis
Authors: Qin Na , Chen Hongyan , Su Hao , Zhang Xiaoting , Shang Haiyun , Xu Zihe , Zeng Zhenhua , Chen Huarong
Published: December 2024

Pronounced dysbiosis in the gut microbiome is common among sepsis patients, resulting in aggravation of the disease. This disturbance not only impacts gut integrity but also initiates localized immune responses that may progress to systemic inflammation. This review explores recent discoveries regarding the dysregulation of the gut microbiome, alterations in gut permeability, and disruptions in intestinal immune responses that occur during sepsis. In addition, we discuss innovative therapeutic strategies, encompassing the impacts of metabolites derived from microbes, the selection of beneficial probiotics, and the utilization of fecal microbiota transplantation in the management of sepsis. Understanding the complexities of the gut microbiome holds the promise of revealing novel strategies that may transform the treatment of sepsis, providing a ray of hope for improved outcomes in critically ill patients.
Automatic Irrigation System Based on Soil Moisture Using Arduino UNO R3
Authors: Triguntoro Triguntoro , Kelviandy Matias Kristian
Published: December 2024

This research designed an automatic irrigation system with an Arduino Uno R3 microcontroller based on soil humidity, which regulates real-time irrigations. In particular, the study focused on the application of a tool for the growth of kangaroo crops with an optimal humidity of 60-85%, using sensor and microcontroller technology to improve crop productivity and quality by avoiding plant stress due to lack or excess of water.
RESEARCH ON STRETCHING BY FORGING
Authors:   TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF CLUJ NAPOCA, POP ELENA ANGELA
Published: December 2024

The paper presents a theoretical and experimental study on stretch forging, this being a process used for modeling metals. In order to increase the homogeneity of the strain and stress distribution, it is recommended to use, for the initial stretch forging operations, ɛh = 20%. Industrial practice always strives to forge the material during the stretch forging operation, taking into account the results obtained in the laboratory. Many works, like the present one, propose a mathematical method for optimizing the stretching process of forged parts.
ASPECTS REGARDING THE QUALITY STATUS OF SOME TRIBUTARIES OF THE SASAR RIVER IN THE GUTÂI MOUNTAIN AREA, MARAMURES COUNTY
Authors:   TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF CLUJ NAPOCA, BREZOCZKI VALERIA MIRELA
Published: December 2024

The paper proposes to analyze aspects of physico-chemical quality for two water resources in the area of the Gutin mountains (the Șuior river and the Borzaș river), right tributaries of the Săsar river.
The water sources and water intakes located along their course and the laboratory equipment used in the analyzes carried out in the Environmental Factors Analysis Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, CUNBM, using the Iris Vision HI801 spectrophotometer, the Hanna Instrument pH ISE laboratory multimeter is presented Hanna Instruments HI 93703 EC and Turbidimeter.
The monthly average values obtained were graphically represented and compared with the legislation regarding the quality standards that a water must meet to be potable.
The two water sources by the obtained values of the concentrations of the parameters pH, turbidity, Zn, Mn, nitrates, nitrites, sulfates, for the analyzed period successfully fall into the A1 quality state. The A2 quality state is supported by the presence in higher concentrations of the ammonium parameter, and the A3 quality state is given by the concentration of the Cu parameter, which can be explained by the geological peculiarities of the Gutâi Mountains, where it originates.
THE EXPOSURE OF REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH INFORMATION AND SEXUAL INTERCOURSE AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN INDONESIA (2017 IDHS ANALYSIS)
Authors: Umaroh Ayu Khoirotul , Karjoso Tri Krianto , Anshari Dien
Published: December 2024

The proportion of sexual intercourse among girls aged 15-19 years is 0.9%, and 2.6% for aged 20-24 years, while boys aged 15-19 years is 3.6%, and 14% for aged 20-24 years old. The enabling factor related to behavior is the information media. This study aims to prove the relationship between exposure to reproductive health information and adolescent sexual intercourse with a cross-sectional approach using the 2017 IDHS data. Data analysis used Mantel Haenszel Stratification and Logistics Regression statistical test. A total of 23,351 respondents were exposed to television (97.2%), print media (56.1%), and radio (50.1%). The most exposures to reproductive health information were HIV, AIDS, STIs, condom advertisements, and information on all three materials. As many as 6.6% have had sexual intercourse. The results of logistic regression were found on print media (p-value 0.001; POR 0.6), radio (p-value 0.001; POR 0.460), and television (p-value 0.001; POR 0.767). Gender became the interaction variable on print media (POR 15.784 on girls; POR 1.822 on boys) and radio (POR 48.72 on girls; POR 1.584 on boys). The government suggests providing the boys with material on the impact of sexual intercourse based on a boys’ perspective. It is expected to be more effective in preventing sexual intercourse and to reach expanding reproductive health information from the mass media multi-sectoral collaboration. The government or academics can formulate longitudinal research on adolescent health and examine the effects of media on changes in social behavior using the Use and Gratifications Theory of media effects.
BACTERIAL RESISTANCE TO CEFTRIAXONE IN DIFFERENT SPECIMENS AT GOVERNMENTAL HOSPITALS IN GAZA STRIP
Authors: Abu El Aish Khaled Ibrahim , Alkhodary Ahmed A , Helles Alaa , Moshtaha Ameed , Ghanem Sahar , Al Afifi Ahmed
Published: December 2024

Ceftriaxone is one of the most prescribed antibiotics in hospitalized patients in Gaza. This study aimed to screen the antimicrobial resistance profile of ceftriaxone in the Gaza Strip (GS) in the State of Palestine. This study was cross-sectional, hospital-based, and was conducted in governmental hospitals across GS. The study started in November 2017 and continued till December 2018. Clinical samples such as pus, urine, sputum, blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and others were collected from hospitalized patients and outpatient clinics attendants. After identification of the bacterial isolates, a standard disc diffusion technique for drug susceptibility test was performed.  Totally, 4397 bacterial isolates were obtained. Escherichia coli isolates were 38.3%, Klebsiella species were 16.4%, Pseudomonas species were 11.7%, and Staphylococcus aureus isolates were 11.5%. These mentioned organisms were the predominant organisms isolated from the study subjects. Additionally, 51.1% of the clinical isolates were found to be resistant to ceftriaxone. Also, 4.9% and 44.0% of the isolates remain intermediate and susceptible to ceftriaxone. E coli showed 50.0% (841/1683) resistance, while Klebsiella species showed 69.7% (502/720) resistance. Pseudomonas species showed 57.0% (294/516) resistance and S aureus showed 37.8% (191/505) resistance to ceftriaxone. Acinetobacter species showed 87.3% (96/110) resistance.  Clinical isolates showed differences in their resistance to ceftriaxone during the study period, in different age categories, genders, and specimen types. The present study demonstrated an increase in the microbial resistance to ceftriaxone. It is very important to establish efficient strategies, updated prescribing guidelines and stewardship programs to preserve the efficiency of the antibiotics
Effectiveness of Vitamin D Supplementation in Reducing Atopic Dermatitis Severity in Children: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ni Putu Junika Putri  , I Wayan Gede Sutadarma
Published: December 2024

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that commonly affects children, with increasing prevalence worldwide. Vitamin D has demonstrated immunomodulatory effects, suggesting a potential role in AD management. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation in reducing AD severity in children.
Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Science Direct, and Cochrane databases was conducted for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between 2012 and 2024, investigating the effects of vitamin D supplementation on AD in children. The primary outcome was the change in SCORAD (SCORing Atopic Dermatitis) or EASI (Eczema Area and Severity Index) scores. Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager (RevMan 5.4) software.
Results: Four RCTs met the inclusion criteria, comprising a total of 234 participants. The meta-analysis revealed a significant reduction in SCORAD scores (-2.83; 95% CI: -4.9, -0.76) and EASI scores (-0.41; 95% CI: -0.70, -0.13) in the vitamin D supplementation groups compared to the control groups. A combined analysis of both scoring systems further confirmed the overall significant effect of vitamin D in reducing AD severity (-1.57; 95% CI: -2.78, -0.36).
Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation is effective in improving AD symptoms in children. Further large-scale RCTs are warranted to determine the optimal dosage and duration of vitamin D supplementation for AD management in children.
Kibiro Indigenous Salt Making Technology and Uganda’s Economic War, 1972-1979
Authors: Juliet Ssematimba , Elizabeth Kyazike , Pamela Khanakwa
Published: December 2024

This paper examines the continuities and changes that characterised traditional salt-making technology at Kibiro during the 1972 economic war in Uganda and the influence of these technologies on the volume, quality, and benefits of mined salt. While Kibiro’s salt-making was not new in historical discourse, attention had largely been on its archaeology rather than its history. Using a historical qualitative approach, data was collected through oral interviews through purposeful snowballing, documentary review, and observations. The data were analysed using documentary analysis and narrative techniques. Results show the dynamics in the traditional salt making technology that provided a basis for appreciating how national changes can lead to unintended changes and benefits to the local communities without necessarily changing the production technology. The traditional salt-making technology exclusively done by women reveals the power of a woman salt miner to survive and support her household in an agriculturally barren geographical setting with trivial support from men due to cultural beliefs and practices
WPG
Authors: Kallina Antonia , Tejkl Jasmin , Emanuel Florian , Lanzer Nina , Schauer Janina , Heinzel Carolin , Peters Max , Neidig Philipp , Schomerus Thomas
Published: December 2024

Mit dem Wärmeplanungsgesetz (WPG) kommt es zur flächendeckenden Verpflichtung der kommunalen Wärmeplanung in ganz Deutschland. Der neue Berliner Kommentar WPG macht Ihnen die einschlägigen Regelungen systematisch vertraut, analysiert rechtliche Hürden und zeigt erste Lösungen auf, um das WPG rechtssicher umzusetzen und anzuwenden.
Handbuch Fußball-Recht
Authors: Stopper Martin , Lentze Gregor , Appen Jörg , Bagger von Grafenstein Tim , Bechtel Caroline , Bischoff David , Bott Ingo , Brägger Rafael , Endrös Louisa , Englisch Jörg , Esposito Vito , Feldgen René , Fischinger Philipp S. , Gerlinger Michael , Große Lefert Hendrik , Hahn Thilo , Haslinger Bastian , Heermann Peter W. , Holzhäuser Felix , Jakob Holger , Jedlitschka Thomas , Karlin Simon , Keidel Christian , Koch Rainer , Kuhn Bernd , Lentze Gregor , Lorz Rainer , Ludwig Kai , Mortsiefer Lars , Nolte Martin , Orth Jan F. , Paepke Jürgen , Rassmann Christian , Rybak Frank , Scheuch Alexander , Schneider Marc Patrick , Schreyer Josias , Schulze-Hesselmann Jörn , Stopper Martin , Thormann Marvin , Wilkens Jonathan , Winter Philipp , Wittersheim Franziska
Published: December 2024

Champions League im Fußball-Recht: Als erstes Handbuch in Deutschland, das sich in dieser Ausführlichkeit mit den juristischen Spielregeln des Profifußballs befasst, hat der „Stopper/Lentze“ bereits beim erstmaligen Erscheinen im Jahr 2012 für Aufsehen gesorgt. In der weiterentwickelten 3. Auflage finden Sie alle fußballrechtlichen Anwendungs- und Gestaltungsfragen wieder rundum aktualisiert – und viele neueste Entwicklungen im Sport berücksichtigt: ob zu vereinsrechtlichen, datenschutzbezogenen oder sportstrafrechtlichen Aspekten, zu eFootball und digitaler Vermarktung oder auch den Themen Compliance und Nachhaltigkeit. Chefjustiziare aus Dachverbänden und Bundesliga-Clubs, führende Kommunikations- und Vermarktungsprofis, Sicherheitsverantwortliche und Spezialist/-innen aus Wissenschaft und Fachanwaltschaft versprechen einzigartige, auch auf andere Sportarten übertragbare Einblicke.
FDA-approved kinase inhibitors: a promising therapeutic avenue for traumatic brain injury
Authors: Gao Dezhu , Shi Yu , Wang Zhiliang , Liu Weiming
Published: December 2024

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a complex disease that leads to significant mortality and disability worldwide each year. TBI disrupts the normal activity of kinases and molecular signaling pathways, but the effective therapeutic methods for patients remain limited. Nowadays, kinase inhibitors approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) mainly for cancer treatment have shown potential effects in TBI. Preclinical studies suggest their potential in promoting recovery. There are fewer randomized clinical studies that evaluate efficacy. We search the kinase inhibitors approved by the FDA and traumatic brain injury as keywords on websites and analyze associated research. This review explores the therapeutic efficacy of kinase inhibitors, identifies limitations that must be addressed in future research to advance the application of FDA-approved kinase inhibitors, and emphasizes their promising potential.
«NO ONE RETURNED FROM THE BATTLE ALIVE»: ARTISTIC RECEPTION OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR IN THE WORKS OF S. D. KRZHIZHANOVSKY
Authors:   Saratov State University, Trubetskova E. G.
Published: December 2024

The article questions the evolution of attitudes towards the First World War in the works of S.D. Krzhizhanovsky. The peculiarity of artistic reception and conceptualization of a historical turning point is revealed depending on the genre affiliation in the poetic and prose texts of the writer. Features of the depiction of the First World War inherent in the creative style of S. D. Krzhizhanovsky are considered in the article in the contemporary literary and artistic context of the writer. Parallels are drawn with the works of A. Blok, V. Mayakovsky, S. Cherny, and with the graphic series “War” by O. Dix.
Experience Teaching Mathematics at the University of Defence in the Study Field of Cybersecurity
Authors: R. Potůček
Published: December 2024

The teaching of mathematics at the Faculty of Military Technology of the University of Defence in the first two years of the five-year Military master’s degree is divided into the teaching of students in four specializations: Military Technologies – Mechanical, Military Technologies – Electrical, Military Geography and Cartography, and Cybersecurity. The article discusses the previous five-year experience in teaching the subjects Mathematics I, Mathematics II, Mathematics III, and Graph theory for the specialization in Cybersecurity, that the author of the paper gained while teaching, as a guarantor of these four subjects. The article provides an overview of the topics that are covered, typical exam assignments, and an evaluation of the results of the semester exams in the five years since the accreditation of the Cybersecurity specialization was granted.
Development of Pupils' Key Competencies in the Subject of Technology in Slovakia and The Czech Republic
Authors: Kučerka Daniel , Mrázek Michal , Serafín Čestmír , Částková Pavlína , Bučková Hana , Sedláček Michal
Published: December 2024

The contribution is focused on key competencies and the development of key competencies of primary school pupils in the subject of Technology (work-based teaching) in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. In the first part, the authors describe the concept of key competencies, competencies in the work of a teacher, and then the authors reflect on the key competencies that pupils should achieve in the subject of technology after finishing primary school and show some possibilities for achieving these competencies. In the second part of the article, the authors used the questionnaire method to investigate what competencies students acquire during lessons on the subject of Technology. The research sample consisted of 3516 pupils from the Czech Republic and Slovakia. When comparing the results, it is shown that approximately the same results are achieved in the subject of Technology and they also show the students' preference for materials in their work. This contribution aims to point out the importance of developing the key competencies of pupils in the subject Technology and work-based teaching and in the empirical part to try to show what competencies pupils will acquire in primary school.
Professor R.A. Melnikov — the path of a doctor and a scientist (on the 100th anniversary of his birth)
Authors: Правосудов Игорь Витальевич
Published: December 2024

Рюрик Александрович Мельников — профессор, заслуженный деятель науки РСФСР, родился 12 ноября 1924 г. в г. Харькове. Всю практическую и научную деятельность проводил в стенах научно-исследовательского института онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова. Рюрик Александрович Мельников проводил клинические исследования, которые охватили практически все локализации злокачественных опухолей человека. Результаты данных клинических исследований имеют огромную практическую значимость для здравоохранения и развития отечественной медицинской науки. Важным событием стал переезд Института Онкологии в поселок Песочный, после которого Рюрик Александрович возглавил отделение опухолей желудочно-кишечного тракта и руководил им почти 30 лет. Являясь широко известным специалистом-онкопроктологом, Р.А. Мельников во многом изменил подходы к лечению больных раком прямой кишки. Также Рюрик Александрович одним из первых в нашей стране начал разрабатывать проблему реабилитации онкологических больных. Рюрик Александрович Мельников навсегда останется в сердцах всех, как прекрасный человек, выдающийся ученый и талантливый хирург-онколог. Широкий диапазон его интересов, оригинальность научных изысканий позволяют говорить о несомненном таланте ученого, сделавшего много для развития отечественной медицинской науки.
Using Various Parameters of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Clinical Practice for Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Мнихович Максим Валерьевич , Ерофеева Людмила Михайловна , Борисов Денис Алексеевич , Тимофеев Роман Геннадиевич , Агафонова Юлия Сергеевна , Безуглова Татьяна Васильевна , Снегур Светлана Владимировна , Павлова Юлия Геннадиевна , Ширипенко Иван Александрович , Сарычева Анастасия Сергеевна
Published: December 2024

Микроокружение опухоли в настоящее время рассматривается как биомаркер выживаемости онкологических больных и играет важную роль при выборе оптимальной противоопухолевой терапии. Понимание происходящих в опухолевом микроокружении процессов и взаимодействий динамично совершенствуется, что открывает новые возможности для практической и исследовательской деятельности. В настоящем обзоре представлены данные о различных подходах к изучению некоторых параметров опухоль-инфильтрирующих лимфоцитов и других компонентов микроокружения опухоли как биомаркера прогноза клинических исходов и как инструмента для назначения рациональной терапии при колоректальном раке. Для подготовки обзора проведен поиск литературы по базам данных Scopus, Web of Science, Medline, PubMed, CyberLeninka, РИНЦ и CNKI. При анализе использованы источники, индексируемые в базах данных Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed; 68 % работ опубликовано за последние 5 лет. Использовано 37 источников для написания данного литературного обзора.
20S Proteasomes, Hsp27 and LC3B Content in Plasma Exosomes of Gastric Cancer Patients, Association with Metabolic Disorders
Authors: Спирина Людмила Викторовна , Августинович Александра Владимировна , Баркышева Аржана Аржановна , Богданова Вероника Александровна , Афанасьев Сергей Геннадьевич , Сваровский Дмитрий Андреевич , Юнусова Наталья Валерьевна
Published: December 2024

Введение. Рак желудка (РЖ) является одним из распространенных онкологических заболеваний как в России, так и в мире. Ранняя диагностика данной патологии представляет важную проблему. За последние несколько лет были проведены исследования по использованию неинвазивной жидкостной биопсии при опухолях различных локализаций, которая проста в использовании и позволяет изучить внеклеточные везикулы плазмы крови. В настоящее время данное направление является перспективным в современной молекулярной онкологии.
Цель. Изучение содержания белков 20S протеасом, Hsp27 и LC3B в экзосомах плазмы крови при раке желудка, по сравнению с экзосомами, выделенными у больных с атрофическим гастритом с учетом метаболических нарушений и ожирения.
Материалы и методы. В исследование вошли 18 больных раком желудка, проходивших лечение в клиниках НИИ онкологии Томского НИМЦ. Группу сравнения составили 6 больных с атрофическим гастритом. Больные были разделены на группы в зависимости от стадии опухолевого процесса. T1-2 стадия опухоли была отмечена у 12 пациентов, а T3-4 — у 6 пациентов. Экзосомы плазмы крови выделяли с помощью метода ультрацентрифугирования. Типирование проводили с помощью маркера CD9. Содержание белков 20S протеасом, Hsp27 и LC3B в экзосомах плазмы проводили методом Вестерн блоттинг.
Результаты. В результате проведенного исследования был отмечен рост экзосом плазмы крови с содержанием 20S протеасом и LC3B в 3,8 и 1,4 раза, соответственно, у больных с раком желудка, по сравнению с пациентами без опухолевой патологии (атрофическим гастритом). При этом содержание Hsp27 в экзосомах, выделенных из плазмы крови больных, было снижено в 2,3 раза. При исследовании не была выявлена взаимосвязь стадии опухолевого процесса и содержания 20S протеасом в экзосомах крови. Однако рост содержания LC3B в экзосомах был сопряжен с ростом стадии опухолевого процесса.
Выводы. Выявлен рост 20S протеасом и LC3B в экзосомах плазмы, выделенных у больных с раком желудка. При этом уровень белка Hsp27 в экзосомах был снижен у больных со злокачественными опухолями. Отмечена связь содержания белка LC3B и стадией опухолевого процесса, что требует дальнейшего изучения. В проведенном исследовании сформированы и обоснованы подходы для применения маркеров жидкостной биопсии при формировании групп риска и диагностики рака желудка. При этом особое значение придается метаболическими нарушениям как основным триггерам опухолевой прогрессии.
Circulating DNA-Markers in Rectal Cancer Patients at the Stages of Combined Treatment and Dynamic Follow-up
Authors: Пономарева Анастасия Aлексеевна , Добродеев Алексей Юрьевич , Тарасова Анна Сергеевна , Афанасьев Сергей Геннадьевич , Костромицкий Дмитрий Николаевич , Паталяк Станислав Викторович , Чердынцева Надежда Викторовна , Рыкова Елена Юрьевна
Published: December 2024

Введение. При выборе тактики лечения рака прямой кишки (РПК) большое внимание уделяется прогнозу и ранней диагностике рецидива заболевания. Известно, что злокачественная трансформация клеток сопровождается изменением профиля метилирования генома. При злокачественных новообразованиях в составе циркулирующей ДНК плазмы крови (цирДНК) и цирДНК, связанной с поверхностью клеток крови (скп-цирДНК), накапливаются фрагменты опухоль-ассоциированных ДНК, которые являются потенциальными онкомаркерами. Ранее было показано, что уровень метилирования ретроэлементов LINE-1 и генов SEPTIN9, IKZF1 изменяется в цирДНК плазмы крови больных колоректальным раком, по сравнению со здоровыми донорами.
Цель. Изучение изменения уровня метилирования генов SEPTIN9, IKZF1 и ретротранспозонов LINE-1 в цирДНК крови у больных РПК на этапах комбинированного лечения и динамического наблюдения с оценкой их прогностической значимости.
Материалы и методы. Образцы венозной крови были получены от 24 больных РПК до лечения, после предоперационной химиотерапии, через 10–15 дней после операции и далее каждые 3 мес. в рамках динамического наблюдения. Уровень метилирования выбранных маркеров определяли методом метил-специфической ПЦР в реальном времени.
Результаты. Уровень метилирования гена SEPTIN9 в скп-цирДНК после химиотерапии снижался в 1,7 раза, после резекции опухоли — в 2,3 раза, по сравнению с показателями до лечения. В свою очередь уровень метилирования гена IKZF1 в скп-цирДНК после комбинированного лечения снижался в 2 раза. Выявлено значимое увеличение уровня метилирования LINE-1 в скп-цирДНК в 1,6 раза после химиотерапии и в 3 раза после резекции опухоли, относительно исходных данных. В процессе динамического наблюдения у больных без рецидива РПК отмечалась стабилизация уровня метилирования всех маркеров. У больных с признаками прогрессирования данные маркеры показали повторные изменения, по сравнению с уровнем на 10–15-й день после операции.
Заключение. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о перспективности определения исследованных аберрантно метилированных ДНК-маркеров для оценки эффективности терапии и раннего выявления рецидивов РПК.
Gastrointestinal Tract Tumors with Microsatellite Instability: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Беляк Наталья Петровна , Орлова Рашида Вахидовна , Раскин Григорий Александрович , Кутукова Светлана Игоревна , Андросова Александра Валерьевна , Смирнова Наталья Валерьевна , Варанкина Анна Алексеевна , Наталенко Софья Александровна
Published: December 2024

Введение. Развитие микросателлитной нестабильности в результате герминативной или спорадической мутации в генах системы репарации ошибочно спаренных нуклеотидов (MMR) является ключевым звеном в запуске механизмов канцерогенеза посредством формирования опухолевых неоантигенов, представляющих собой мишени для Т-лимфоцитов, что, в конечном счете, обусловливает высокую иммуногенность данных опухолей и их чувствительность к ингибиторам контрольных точек иммунитета.
Цель. Определение клинико-морфологических особенностей опухолей желудка, ободочной и прямой кишки с выявленной микросателлитной нестабильностью.
Материалы и методы. В ретроспективный анализ было включено 76 пациентов с установленным dMMR (36 пациентов больных колоректальным раком и 42 пациента со злокачественными новообразованиями желудка).
Результаты. Общими характеристиками для вышеописанных опухолей являются: местно-распространенный характер процесса (T3-T4, N2-N3), осложненное течение заболевания, превалирующее при иммуногистохимическом (ИГХ) тестировании выпадение белков РМS2, МLH1, прогрессирование и низкая частота достижения объективного ответа на фоне проводимой полихимиотерапией (ПХТ), высокая эффективность иммунотерапии (ИТ) в монорежиме или в комбинации с ПХТ (уровень контроля над заболеванием (65 % и 73,68 % для опухолей желудка и КРР соответственно)), медиана выживаемости без прогрессирования у пациентов, завершивших лечение ингибиторами контрольных точек, не достигнута как в группе рака желудка, так и в группе колоректального рака.
Penerapan Sistem Proteksi Kebakaran di Sektor Minyak dan Gas
Authors:   Universitas Sebelas Maret, Alghifari Muhammad Fauzan , Pramestika Grafitha Athysa , Purwanto Restu Adi
Published: December 2024

Kegiatan operasional di sektor minyak dan gas memiliki risiko kebakaran yang besar. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan tindakan efektif untuk mencegah dan mengatasi dampak kebakaran dengan menerapkan sistem proteksi kebakaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali informasi tentang penerapan sistem proteksi kebakaran di sektor minyak dan gas, dengan fokus pada lingkungan kerja kilang, fasilitas kilang, dan sarana prasarana yang ada di kilang. Metode observasi digunakan dalam pengumpulan data, dengan melakukan identifikasi faktor bahaya dan risiko serta pengecekan sistem proteksi kebakaran yang telah terpasang. Diskusi dengan pekerja lapangan juga dilakukan untuk memperoleh informasi mengenai implementasi sistem proteksi. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor bahaya di kilang serta mengimplementasikan sistem proteksi kebakaran yang efisien. Implementasi sistem proteksi terdiri dari pemadam otomatis, perangkat komunikasi darurat, hydrant, dan alarm system. Sistem proteksi aktif meliputi kendaraan operasional, alat pemadam api ringan, fire hydrant system, foam system, bladder foam tank, fire hose box, fire monitor nozzle, dan fire truck. Sistem proteksi pasif meliputi safety sign, safety board, windsock, kategori zona area, bangunan, dan grounding system. Sistem proteksi kebakaran tersebut telah diimplementasikan di kilang dengan rutin diperiksa dan diperbaiki. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi yang berguna terkait sistem proteksi kebakaran di sektor minyak dan gas.
Strength of masonry made of ceramic brick with ground and unground surfaces (comparison of Russian and European norms)
Authors: Ponomarev O. I. , Mukhin M. A. , Chigrina O. S. , Dozorova A. Yu. , Smirnov S. I.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. In recent years, much attention has been paid to the issues of reducing labor costs and increasing the reliability of test results of masonry ceramic wall products (brick, stone, and blocks). It is noted that when determining the masonry strength limit, the levelling of brick support surfaces is performed with mortar. However, when levelling the support surfaces by grinding, the masonry strength limit is artificially overestimated by at least one grade. In order to increase the reliability of erected buildings and structures, Note 1 to Table 6.1 of SP 15.13330.2020 “Masonry and reinforced masonry structures” gives an indication of the need to introduce appropriate correction factors in determining the strength of masonry. In the previous version of the SP, the values of reduction factors were adopted without appropriate justifications.

Aim. To justify reduction of design compression resistance of masonry made of ceramic soft-mud brick (when determining its compressive strength with grinding of supporting surfaces) in order to increase the reliability of erected buildings and structures.

Materials and methods. Comparison of normative and calculated values of the strength of masonry made of ceramic soft-mud brick on conventional mortar according to the norms of the Russian Federation, as well as Britain and Germany, on the basis of which the European norms have been developed.

Results. The conducted comparison of British, German, and Russian norms showed that the calculated values of masonry strength given in the norms of European countries are lower than those in the norms of the Russian Federation due to higher safety factors.

Conclusions. The decrease in the design compressive strength of masonry made of ceramic soft-mud brick by 10 % (when grinding the supporting surfaces to determine the compressive strength) is recognized as reasonable.
THE EFFECT OF QUICKLIME ON THE CBR VALUE OF SOFT SOIL STABILIZED WITH NICKEL SLAG AND ALUMUNIUM HYDROXIDE
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Khairun University, Ternate, Indonesia, Parmance Chandra Syah , Coda Hijrawan AR ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Khairun University, Ternate, Indonesia, Rauf Ichsan ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Khairun University, Ternate, Indonesia, Gaus Abdul ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Khairun University, Ternate, Indonesia, Utama Komang Arya ,   Department of Civil Engineering, State University of Gorontalo, Gorontalo, Indonesia
Published: December 2024

The construction of road structures on soft soils is prone to structural damage due to the low bearing capacity of the soil under the load imposed by vehicles. Chemical stabilization is a popular method used to increase the bearing capacity of soft soils. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of soft soil stabilization using a mixture of lime, nickel slag, and aluminium hydroxide to enhance soil bearing capacity. The addition of lime as a binding agent is expected to reduce plasticity and increase soil strength, while nickel slag and aluminium hydroxide serve as additives that improve overall stabilization performance. The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) laboratory test was conducted by varying the proportions of stabilizing materials relative to the weight of the soft soil at its optimum moisture content. The lime addition variations used in this study were 2%, 4%, and 6%. The results showed that the lime, nickel slag, and aluminium hydroxide stabilization mixture significantly improved the soil's bearing capacity compared to untreated soil or soil stabilized only with nickel slag. The CBR value for soil stabilized with nickel slag, aluminium hydroxide, and lime reached 37.78% after 28 days of curing. This value is 7.6 times higher than that of natural soil and 1.3 times higher than soil stabilized with nickel slag alone. Thus, the use of a mixture of lime, nickel slag, and aluminium hydroxide is an effective method for increasing the bearing capacity of soft soils, making it applicable for road construction on soft soils requiring enhanced load-bearing capacity.
Visual working memory as the substrate for mental rotation: A replication
Authors: Ebert W. Miro , Jost Leonardo , Jansen Petra , Stevanovski Biljana , Voyer Daniel
Published: December 2024

An experimental study by Hyun and Luck suggests that object working memory, but not spatial working memory, is employed during mental rotation. In contrast, correlational research points to the relevance of spatial working memory in mental rotation. Considering these somewhat conflicting results and the fact that a small sample was acquired in the study of Hyun and Luck, a replication of their study was conducted. Additionally, potential sex effects were explored. We collected (usable) data from 213 individuals across two experiments. All participants performed a mental-rotation task alone, a working-memory task alone, and both tasks concurrently. We expected greater rotation-dependent interference between tasks when the working memory task concerned object features (Experiment 1) than when it concerned spatial locations (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, dual-task interference was observed in working-memory accuracy. In Experiment 2, there were interference effects in both mental rotation accuracy and working-memory accuracy. However, interference did not differ between experiments. Moreover, interference was not rotation dependent in either of the experiments. Thus, we could not replicate the findings of Hyun and Luck. No sex differences were found in exploratory analyses. The general interference effects found in this study may reflect the involvement of visual working memory in the processing and decision-making stages of the mental rotation of letters. This study underscores the need for further research to fully understand the role of visual working memory in mental rotation, especially with more complex stimuli.
Rendimiento Académico en un Programa de Enseñanza de Java Utilizando Software Tutor Basado en ChatGPT: Estudio de Caso
Authors: Fernández Peña Félix , León Mendoza Marlena
Published: December 2024

La enseñanza de lenguajes de computación es un reto que enfrentan los estudiantes de ingeniería de software a nivel mundial. En este proceso, contar con la ayuda de un tutor que responda preguntas referentes a cómo programar ciertas funcionalidades puede ser fundamental para desarrollar las capacidades de abstracción requeridas. Con este trabajo presentamos el resultado de una investigación que ha pretendido evaluar el impacto del uso de un software tutor basdado en ChatGPT para aprender lenguaje Java. El estudio se llevó a cabo con la participación de 40 estudiantes que se dividieron en dos grupos de 20. El rendimiento académico se analizó utilizando un estadígrafo t-student. El resultado permitió comprobar que la diferencia en el rendimiento académico de ambos grupos fue significativa con un valor p 0.05, y que el uso del software tutor mejoró significativamente el proceso de aprendizaje de los estudiantes.