bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Survival of Dyna Implants: A Retrospective Study with 1 to 6 Years of Follow Up
Authors: Barikani Hamidreza , Heidari Mohadeseh , Kharazifard Mohammadjavad , Rokn Amirreza
Published: January 2022

Objectives: Dental implants are a prominent scientific breakthrough and are frequently applied for replacement of the missing teeth. From the clinicians’ point of view, long-term studies are essential to find out the predictability of dental implant systems.
Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, 1,626 patients who received 4,389 Dyna implants in a private office between 2013-2019 were evaluated. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 25 for Windows. P values less than 0.1 were considered significant for regression analysis.
Results: Dyna implantts (4389) placed from 2013 to 2019 were evaluated in this study. One-hundred and thirty-three (3.03%) implants failed during the healing period or recall visits. Eighty-nine implants (2.03%) failed immediately and 44 (1%) failed after 3 months.
Conclusion: The present study showed that the Dyna dental implant system had high implant survival, and it had all the survival criteria similar to world-class dental implant systems.
Conflicts and Challenges of Truth-Telling in Dentistry: A Case-Based Ethical Analysis
Authors: Khorshidian Azam , Parsapoor Alireza , Shamsi Gooshki Ehsan
Published: January 2022

Objectives: The basis of truth-telling is respecting the autonomy of patients and developing an ability to make informed decisions with valid consent. The purpose of this study was to ethically analyze the conflicts about truth-telling in dentistry.
Materials and Methods: This case analysis focused on the issues of truth-telling in medicine and dentistry. The challenges encountered by dentists with respect to ethical issues related to truth-telling were discussed and analyzed by the research team.
Results:  The literature review showed that the issue of truth-telling in dentistry has been addressed from three aspects: Truth-telling about other dentists’ medical errors, truth-telling about dangerous, refractory, or incurable diseases, and truth-telling to children or incompetent individuals for decision-making.
Conclusion: When the duty of the dentist in truth-telling is conflicted with some other moral obligations, the conflict between the prima facie duties arises. The principle-based ethical theories provide a suitable conceptual framework for moral judgement in such conflicts. In cases of conflicts related to truth-telling, a balance should be maintained between principles and rules such as fidelity, respect for autonomy, maintaining trust in dentist-patient relation, and best interest of patients. The decision in truth-telling should be made individually for each patient based on the specific contextual conditions.
Association of Interleukin 10 (IL-10) Gene Polymorphism (819T > C) with Susceptibility to Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ahadi Hamid Reza , Ebrahimi Sadrabadi Amin , Jalili Arsalan , Hajifathali Abbas
Published: January 2022

Background: Studies reported an association between interleukin (IL)-10 -819T>C polymorphism and the risk of developing Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), however due to inconsistency among these results, relationship between IL-10 -819T>C polymorphism and AML remained unclear. We herein performed this meta-analysis to investigate the association of IL-10 -819T >C polymorphism with the risk of AML.
Methods: A systematic search through PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library and OpenGrey was performed from inception to Jan 2021. Odds ratios (OR) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) for five possible genetic models were calculated. Heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochran Q test and the I2 statistic. A total of 404 AML cases and 635 healthy controls were included in our meta-analysis.
Results: Our results indicated no statically significant association between IL-10 -819T>C polymorphism and the risk of developing AML; dominant model (OR=0.87, 95% CI=0.42–1.81); recessive model (OR=1.17, 95% CI = 0.43–3.16); allelic model (OR=1.00, 95% CI=0.54–1.88); CC vs. TT (OR=1.00,95% CI=0.30–3.36); and TC vs. TT (OR=0.80, 95%CI =0.46–1.37).
Conclusion: IL-10 -819T > C polymorphism is not associated with the risk of AML. However further studies focusing on other parameters such as sex, gene-gene interactions and environmental factors are required to reveal the true association of IL-10 -819T > C polymorphism with AML.
Appearance of “Mental Hygiene” in Japan's Theory of Prenatal Care at the Beginning of the 20th Century- The Fusion of Public Hygiene and Eugenics: A Book Review
Authors: Park Yi-Jin , Park Sam-Hun
Published: January 2022

The Motherhood Protection Act (1996), which corresponds to modern family health in Japan, was enacted based on the Eugenics Protection Law (1948) for the protection of national eugenics. This leads us to the question of how maternal health and eugenics began to merge in Japan. Answer of this will elucidate the characteristics of family health in Japan and historical background. Maternal health and eugenics began to be fused in Japan in the early 20th century. In this paper, we examined Taikyō, which is the source of this fusion. This book was widely disseminated to the public. An educational book influenced the Japanese women’s movement. Taikyō argued that from the standpoint of public health, responsibility for prenatal care should be extended to the husband, family, society and the nation. It emphasized that “mental hygiene” is necessary to produce a genetically good child, and that spouse selection is important. Books on prenatal care published in the first half of the 20th century, following Taikyō’s description of prenatal care as a form of eugenics. The National Eugenic Act enacted to protect national hygiene inspired the classification of the Japanese as ​​a chosen nation. The theory of prenatal care, which was created from the combination of public hygiene and eugenics, provided a justification for the National Eugenic Act, and this still serves as the basis for the Eugenics Protection Law and Motherhood Protection Act. It provides the “scientific basis” for recognizing that “unsanitary” and “disability” are bad.
Effectiveness and Practicality of eKTANG as a Digital Treat-ment for Diabetes and Relevant Influence Factors
Authors: Lu Xiaohua , Guo Dalong , Feng Lie , Zhou Yan , Zhang Chuangbiao , Li Jiaying , Jiang Yin
Published: January 2022

Background: This work explored the effect of eKTANG, a new healthcare mode for diabetes patients, on diabetes management.
Methods: Allowing general utilization of medical service and health management based on Internet, eKTANG obtained the precise data like blood glucose and blood pressure examined by an intelligent glucometer, from which doctors and the nursing team will promptly analyze the data and return feedback to the patients. In our study, overall 204 patients receiving eKTANG management over 3 months in First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University from May 2019 to Aug 2020 were enrolled as the research objects, with data collected from patient records.
Results: Through the biochemical test on relevant indexes of blood glucose, it was observed that FBG, PBG, HbA1c, TG, TC, LDL levels after management were lower than before whereas HDL expression after were lower than before. Contrasted with substandard group, standard group performed younger age, lower proportion of the married, decreased proportion of microvascular and macrovascular complications, longer course of disease, more frequent glucose monitoring, declined time of hyperglycemia and time of alarms, elevated time of euglycemia, increased proportion of diet control, more amount of exercise and higher compliance, as the number of patients choosing oral medicine in standard group was more than substandard group. The course of disease and time of hyperglycemia were risk factors of HbA1c standard reaching whereas frequency of glucose monitoring (≥1 time/week) and time of euglycemia were protective factors.
Conclusion: eKTANG effectively improved diabetes management.
Analysis on the Effect of Metformin Hydrochloride Combined with Insulin Pump for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Li Xinghua , Li Guilian , Liu Yan , Meng Fanchun , Han Lihong , Shao Yuanyuan
Published: January 2022

Background: U To analyze the effect of metformin hydrochloride combined with insulin pump for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
Methods: Overall, 216 patients with GDM in Zhangqiu Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Jinan, China from Aug 2018 to Dec 2020 were enrolled and randomized into research and control groups. Patients in the control group were treated with insulin pump, while those in the research group were treated with metformin hydrochloride combined with insulin pump. The clinical efficacy, blood glucose levels, serum Betatrophin, C reactive protein (CRP), Cystatin C (Cys-C), homocysteine (Hcy), adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) content, incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes and incidence of adverse newborns of patients in the two groups were compared.
Results: After treatment, the total clinical efficiency of the research group was 84.26%, significantly higher than that of the control group (68.52%). The levels of FPG, 2hPG, HbAlc, serum Betatrophin, CRP, CysC, Hcy, adiponectin factors, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the research group were lower than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). The overall incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes was 10.19% in the research group, and 25.93% in the control group. The comparative differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). The overall incidence of adverse newborns was 9.26% in the research group, and 21.30% in the control group. The comparative differences between the two groups were statistically significant as well (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Metformin hydrochloride combined with insulin pump for GDM can significantly reduce blood glucose level, regulate serum protein factor levels, and improve adverse outcomes for mother and child, which deserves clinical promotion.
The Prevalence of Malocclusion and Periodontal Diseases and Their Correlation in Samegrelo Region, Georgia
Authors: Kvaratskhelia Sopiko , Gogiberidze Mamuka , Orjonikidze Mariam , Puturidze Sopio , Jorbenadze Teimuraz
Published: January 2022

The article's abstract is not available.
Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase 4a/B Polymorphism and Its Interaction with Enos G894T Variants in Type 2 Diabetic Pa-tients: Modifying the Risk of Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Mohammadi Mahsa , Yaghooti Hamid , Adibmanesh Azim , Mohammadtaghvaie Narges , Karimi Akhormeh Ali , Eslami Maryam
Published: January 2022

The article's abstract is not available.
Recommendation for How to Improve Taking Care of the Elderly with Covid-19
Authors: Bahariniya Sajjad , Ezatiasar Mohammad , Madadizadeh Farzan
Published: January 2022

The article's abstract is not available.
Effectiveness of Psychodrama on the Body Image of Senior High Female Students in Tehran, District 15
Authors: Arabpour Khanmirzaei Soroor , Zare Bahramabadi Mahdi , Khoramian Fatemeh
Published: January 2022

Introduction: In this study the effect of psychodrama on body image of female students at secondary school has been examined.
Method: In this quasi experimental study, all the female students at secondary school who were studying at high school in academic year 2016-2017 in Tehran were selected as a statistical society. Among the high schools in Tehran's 15th district, one school was selected by Purposive sampling method. They were examined by the Multidimensional Body-Self Relationships Questionnaire (MBSRQ). 24 female students were randomly selected and assigned to experimental and control groups. Then, 8 sessions of 1.5 hours of psychodrama were performed for the experimental group, but the control group did not receive any intervention. In addition to descriptive statistics, Multivariate analysis of covariance were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the psychodrama on the body image of students and the SPSS-25 software was used for all the analyses (p>0.05. (
Results: In this analysis, the second-year high school student participants were adolescent girls with an average age of 14.34 years. The results the study showed The Mean ±SD of physical satisfaction component had more change from pre-test (25.08± 3.65) to post-test (32.50 ±4.85). Moreover, The Mean ±SD of the body image increased from pre-test (144.50 ±12.33) to post-test (16.165 ± 12.96).
Conclusion: Psychodrama had remarkable improvement on body image of female students who were selected in this research
Internet Addiction and the Pattern of Internet Use among Under Graduate Medical Students: A Cross- Sectional Study from North India
Authors: . Priyanka , Pal R K
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Excessive use of the Internet affects the academic achievements of students. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Internet addiction and the pattern of Internet use among undergraduate medical students.
Method: This analytical cross-sectional study conducted on 177 undergraduate medical students in batch 2016, 2017 and 2018, who were included in this study by convenience sampling method. The study tool was  Young’s Internet Addiction Test containing questions regarding the pattern of Internet use. Data entry and analysis was done by using Microsoft excel and SPSS version 21. Qualitative data were described in terms of frequency and percentage while quantitative data were expressed as mean and standard deviation. Chi square test and multiple linear regression were used to find out the relationship between various factors and Internet Addiction (IA).  The significance level was considered 0.05.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 20.3 years (± 1.19), and 62 % of the subjects were males. The prevalence rate of Internet Addiction (IA) was found to be 56.5% and 42.9% of them were in mild and 13.6% were in moderate addiction category. Being male (β= -0.143, p=0.038), staying at a hostel (β= 0.167, p=0.018), not having a time preference for using the Internet (β= -0.174, p=0.012), spending more time on the Internet everyday (β= 0.201, p=0.000), being always online (β= 0.276, p=0.000) and more years of using the Internet (β= 0.175, p=0.015) were significantly related with IA in students.
Conclusion: A large proportion of medical students were found to be addicted to the Internet. Therefore, this issue should be addressed immediately.
Uso de compostos de nióbio como catalisadores na produção de biocombustíveis: uma revisão
Authors: Moreira Júlia De Barros Dias , Souza Pedro Henrique Cabral De , Silva Igor Cristelli De Sousa , Araújo Renata Costa Silva , Corgozinho Camila Nunes Costa , Rezende Daniel Bastos de
Published: January 2022

A necessidade de substituir combustíveis fósseis por biocombustíveis não é um tema recente na comunidade acadêmica. Pesquisadores estudam e desenvolvem combustíveis alternativos há décadas e, com isso, combustíveis como o biodiesel e o etanol de primeira geração se consolidaram no mercado. No entanto, esses biocombustíveis de primeira geração competem com a indústria de alimentos, o que afeta sua oferta e preço. Por outro lado, os combustíveis de segunda geração são produzidos a partir de biomassa lignocelulósica e resíduos orgânicos de atividades urbanas e agroindustriais, não competindo com a indústria de alimentos. No entanto, a maioria desses processos ainda não é economicamente viável. Duas das principais contribuições para essa inviabilidade são o baixo desempenho dos processos (baixa conversão da matéria-prima e baixa seletividade dos produtos de interesse) e o alto custo dos catalisadores, que muitas vezes são feitos de metais nobres de pouca disponibilidade. O Nióbio é um metal com diversas aplicações, mas ainda pouco explorado industrialmente como catalisador, apesar de possuir propriedades interessantes para essa finalidade. Este artigo de revisão compila trabalhos envolvendo o uso do nióbio e seus compostos como catalisador em diversos processos de produção de biocombustíveis, como esterificação, pirólise, liquefação, síntese Fischer-Tropsch, desoxigenação, entre outros. Além da revisão da literatura, este artigo apresenta uma análise crítica a respeito das aplicações de cada processo e tecnologia, bem como das pesquisas desenvolvidas pelos autores.
Relationship between Visitors’ Sense of Place, Recreation Behavior, and Acceptability of Resource Allocation Strategies at a Reservoir Facing a Water Crisis
Authors: Darby Zack D. , Poudyal Neelam Chandra , Frakes Adam , Joshi Omkar
Published: January 2022

Municipal drawdowns at public reservoirs can negatively impact recreational uses on site. Therefore, sustaining recreation requires understanding how users relate themselves with the reservoir and the resource therein, and how they will respond to circumstances and policies impacting the resource. Researchers use placedbased theory, particularly sense of place (SOP), to assess the user community’s perspective on the natural resource or recreation site of interest. This study utilized visitor survey data (n=282) from Canton Reservoir in Oklahoma to assess visitors’ sense of place (SOP), and to evaluate the relationship of SOP with their acceptability of alternative water allocation strategies and future intention of visiting the reservoir under depleted water conditions. Visitors had a high level of SOP with the reservoir and supported protective water allocation strategies that either favor the retention of water on-site or ensure a fair distribution between recreation and municipal use. Results suggest a positive relationship between visitors' SOP and their intended trips to the reservoir even under depleted water conditions. The findings highlight the psychological, functional, and emotional benefits associated with the recreational use of the Canton Reservoir, which will in turn help managers make more informed and balanced decisions about water conservation and allocation. Insights from this study will also contribute in literature on the sense of place and protective norms and offers several implications for the management of public reservoirs.
Influences of Engaging in a Participatory Monitoring and Evaluation Process on Stakeholder Perceptions of Key Performance Indicators for Trails
Authors: Witkowski Samantha , Plummer Ryan , Hutson Garrett
Published: January 2022

Trail use is growing globally. Managers confront the classic dilemma of protecting ecological integrity and providing enriching experiences. They concomitantly face the imperative for sustainability—contemporarily characterized by complexity, uncertainty, conflict, and change. Heightened levels of visitation are cause for immense concerns due to adverse impacts to the environment as well as visitor experiences. COVID-19 exacerbates these challenges as heightened levels of visitation are occurring, while managers simultaneously face decreases in conservation funding, and restrictions on protected area operations. Participatory monitoring and evaluation (PM&E) is an emerging in- novation to collaboratively address social-ecological challenges, such as issues as- sociated with trail use. This research is concerned with exploring the influences of engaging in a PM&E process on stakeholder perceptions of key performance indicators (KPIs) for trails. This study compares stakeholder perceptions of KPIs for trails before and after a PM&E workshop at the Niagara Glen Nature Reserve in Ontario, Canada. Results show that PM&E can facilitate consensus among stakeholders regarding the overall goals of management and associated KPIs for environmental management planning. Stakeholders were shown to experience a real change in their perceptions of KPIs. The PM&E process studied show that participants became more conscious of the wider social realities as well as their perceptions of trail management. The study has important implications for managers concerned with trails and sustainability, including building consensus among key stakeholders to reach management goals, enhancing localized decision making, and building capacity for management towards sustainability. Trails, as well as the wider community can ultimately benefit from participatory approaches to environmental management. Consensus-building through PM&E works to enhance decisions that account for a diversity of perspectives. Stakeholder participation in trail management increases the likelihood that local needs and priorities are met, while allowing stakeholders to build capacity and learn to effectively manage their environments. Furthermore, positive perceptions from being meaningfully involved in PM&E can ensure the support of constituents, which is imperative for the long-term success of management planning.
Reimagining U.S. Federal Land Management through Decolonization and Indigenous Value Systems
Authors: Jacobs Lara , Payan Hazelwood Serina , Avery Coral , Sangster-Biye Christy
Published: January 2022

U.S. Federal Land Management Areas (FLMAs) are grounded in settler colonialism, including Indigenous land dispossessions and violations of Tribal treaties. This critical thought-piece is written by Indigenous scholars to reimagine FLMAs (especially recreation areas) through decolonization and the Indigenous value systems embedded within the “four Rs”: relationship, responsibility, reciprocity, and redistribution. We reweave conceptions about parks and protected areas, reimagine park management, and reconfigure management foci to reflect Indigenous value systems shared by Indigenous peoples. We emphasize a need for Tribal comanagement of FLMAs, the inclusion of Tribal land management practices across ecosystems, and the restoration of Indigenous land use and management rights. Land and recreation managers can use this paper to 1) decolonize park management practices, 2) understand how Indigenous value systems can inform park management foci, and 3) build a decolonized and reciprocal relationship with Tribes and their ancestral landscapes.
End-to-end platform evaluation for Spanish Handwritten Text Recognition
Authors: Xamena Eduardo , Barboza Héctor Emanuel , Orozco Carlos Ismael
Published: January 2022

The task of automated recognition of handwritten texts requires various phases and technologies both optical and language related. This article describes an approach for performing this task in a comprehensive manner, using machine learning throughout all phases of the process. In addition to the explanation of the employed methodology, it describes the process of building and evaluating a model of manuscript recognition for the Spanish language. The original contribution of this article is given by the training and evaluation of Offline HTR models for Spanish language manuscripts, as well as the evaluation of a platform to perform this task in a complete way. In addition, it details the work being carried out to achieve improvements in the models obtained, and to develop new models for different complex corpora that are more difficult for the HTR task.
Evaluadores participantes
Authors: Editorial Equipo
Published: January 2022

La Dirección de Ciencia y Tecnología agradece muy especialmente a los/as colegas que se listan aquí por haber participado en calidad de revisores/as de los manuscritos que se fueron recibiendo en virtud de este nuevo número de la revista.
Phytopathology teaching teaching during COVID-19: UNA Costa Rica case
Authors: Calvo-Araya José Alonso
Published: January 2022

The pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has been a challenge when it comes to teaching at a university level, and particularly when teaching plant pathology. As preventive strategies, lockdown and social distancing have been generalized in all countries. In Costa Rica, universities suspended in-person classes beginning in March 2020, and implemented virtual teaching-learning processes for bachelor’s and postgraduate students. However, every course/professor has designed the virtual teaching strategies and models according to the socio-educational realities of the group. The teaching of plant pathology in Agronomy bases its teaching methods in laboratory practices and commercial productive units. This article presents strategies and regulations implemented by the National University of Costa Rica and applied to university teaching and reflects upon the achievements reached and the challenges in the plant pathology education in its virtual form.
Teaching and research in plant health in times of COVID-19
Authors: Solano-Báez Alma Rosa , Lara-Rojas Fernando , Márquez-Licona Guillermo
Published: January 2022

The current pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has led to radical changes in the teaching and research of plant health. Confinement forced us to make a rapid transition from the in-person model to virtual environments using different digital platforms such as Google, Microsoft Teams, Blackboard, Moodle. Research activities were planned based on a strict access schedule for students and academics when using research facilities. Theoretical subjects were taught in completely virtual settings, incorporating playful learning tools such as ‘flipped classroom’ and gamification. In theoretical-practical subjects, such as Introduction to Plant Pathology, new teaching schemes were designed. The most successful and innovative model was to take the laboratory to the student’s home. Students used conventional materials to isolate and identify phytopathogenic fungi through the Foldscope, a paper microscope with a resolution of up to two microns, priced less than 200 MXN. Teaching-learning innovation can improve the commonly adopted model of video conferences.
Seasonal Yield Response Factor for Red Bombay Onion (Allium cepa L.) Variety in Arba Minch, Ethiopia
Authors: Asres Ligalem Agegn
Published: January 2022

Background: For better water resources management in the areas of water shortage for crop production, deficit irrigation is very important. The understanding of the yield response factor to water deficit is crucial for efficient irrigation water management. Deficit irrigation for studying yield response factors is always practiced in the way of stressing the demand of the crops. The present study was done for the determination of the seasonal yield response factor of red Bombay onion variety under Arba Minch agro climate condition. Furthermore, it also examined the effect of furrow irrigation systems on the seasonal yield response factor. Methods: The experiment was conducted from August to November 2019. The experiment had six treatments, which were the combination of two furrow irrigation systems and three irrigation levels. Data were collected for soil moisture before and after each irrigation and bulb yield. The seasonal yield response factors were determined through simple linear regressions using SPSS software. Result: When considering the furrow irrigation system as a factor, the seasonal yield response factor for alternate furrow irrigation system was 1.18 while for paired row furrow irrigation system was 1.07. This red Bombay variety of onion clearly shows more sensitive to water stress for alternative furrow irrigation systems than paired row furrow irrigation systems. Therefore, in the area of water shortage paired row furrow irrigation system is better than alternate furrow irrigation system. The seasonal yield response factor as a wall for red Bombay onion variety in Arba Minch agro-ecological condition was 1.12. Therefore, the red Bombay onion variety in Arba Minch agroclimate condition was sensitive to water stress.
Enhancement of Soybean (Glycine max L.) Productivity through Sowing Methods and Seed Rates in Telangana State
Authors: Swapna N. , Shahana Firdouz , Reddy T. Prabhakar , Kumar G. Praveen , Venkataiah M.
Published: January 2022

Background: With the unparalleled growth in area and production, soybean has established itself as a leading oilseed crop of India. The crop is mainly grown under rainfed conditions, and the distribution of rainfall plays an important role in yield realization. The changed landform management with broad-bed furrow seed drill is gaining popularity as the system helps in in situ moisture conservation and draining out excess rainwater. A field experiment was conducted at Regional Sugarcane and Rice Research Station, Rudrur. The yield advantage by adoption of broad-bed and furrow (BBF) method over flat bed was 7.06%. Seed rate of 50 kg ha-1 recorded significantly higher mean seed yield of 2804 kg ha-1 over 75, 38, 20 kg ha-1. The total benefit from adoption of BBF method recorded net returns of ₹ 53,233 ha-1 and B:C ratio of 2.58 over flatbed planting. Seed rate of 50 kg seed ha-1 recorded the highest net returns and B:C ratio this was followed by 75 kg ha-1 seed rate. Methods: A field experiment was conducted for three years (2017-19) at Regional Sugarcane and Rice Research Station, Rudrur, situated at an altitude of 286.3 m above mean sea level at 18°49’41" N latitude and 78°56’ 45" E longitude. Indeterminate variety of soybean ASB 22 was selected. The experimental plots (6m × 6m= 36m2) were laid out with split plot design with three replications. Main plot treatments were methods of planting: M1- Flat bed, M2- Broad bed and Furrow, and sub plot treatments were : seed rates; S1- 75 kg ha-1 (30 × 10 cm), S2- 50 kg ha-1 (30 × 15 cm), S3- 38 kg ha-1 (30 × 20 cm), S4- 20 kg ha-1 (30 × 30 cm). Result: The grain yields, water productivity, harvest index and economics of soybeans under BBF method of planting (in-situ water conservation) and flatbed practices were studied. BBF method increased seasonal soil water storage by 5.37%, 5.78% and 6.20% respectively compared with flatbed planting for 2017, 2018 and 2019 respectively. Seed rate of 50 kg ha-1 recorded significantly higher mean seed yield of 2804 kg ha-1 over 75, 38, 20 kg ha-1. The yield advantage by adopting seed rate of 50 kg ha-1 was 16.08%, 56.02% and 67.6% over 75, 38 and 20 kg ha-1 respectively. The total benefit from adoption of BBF method recorded net returns of ₹ 53,233 ha-1 and B:C ratio of 2.58 over flatbed planting. Seed rate of 50 kg ha-1 recorded the highest net returns and B:C ratio this was followed by 75 kg ha-1. Broad bed and furrow method of planting and optimum seed rate in soybean will enhance the soybean productivity.
Brasil, Portugal e Espanha - análise dos serviços de compartilhamento de veículos não motorizados a crianças
Authors: Reis Margarete , Magalh˜ães Marcos Thadeu
Published: January 2022

A integração dos veículos não motorizados por compartilhamento está a ganhar destaque nas cidades. Historicamente, o acesso a esses veículos a crianças e famílias com crianças tem falhado sistematicamente. São raros os sistemas de compartilhamento, a nível mundial, que dispõem de veículos adaptados ao transporte de crianças. A partir deste problema, que passa quase despercebido, foram identificadas as origens históricas deste tipo de veículos, as suas características e a presença deste tipo de veículos nas cidades. A nível metodológico, optou-se pela elaboração de um levantamento de experiências existentes, baseada inicialmente em pesquisa documental e complementada com observação in loco, em diferentes cidades de Portugal, Espanha e Brasil. O artigo é ilustrado com fotografias dos diferentes veículos nas várias cidades. Nas fotografias é possível observar o problema central deste trabalho ”“ a falta de condições de acessibilidade aos serviços de transporte não motorizados por compartilhamento em relação Ã s crianças e famílias com crianças.
Tremadocian and Floian (Ordovician) linguliformean brachiopods from the Stavelot–Venn Massif (Avalonia; Belgium and Germany)
Authors: CANDELA Yves , MOTTEQUIN Bernard
Published: January 2022

Lower Ordovician linguliformean brachiopods from the Stavelot–Venn Massif (Belgium and Germany) are described systematically for the first time. The material comprises specimens from the Jalhay (Solwaster Member) and Ottré (Les Plattes Member) formations of Tremadocian and Floian ages, respectively. The Solwaster Member yielded a relatively diverse assemblage of nine species of lingulide (e.g. Lingulella lata, Lithobolus sp., Broeggeria sp.) and acrotretide (Acrotreta? sp.) whereas only one siphonotretide species (Celdobolus sp.) is recognised from the base of the Les Plattes Member where it is associated with conodonts of the Paroistodus proteus Zone. The assemblage from the Solwaster Member, although not abundant, is much more diverse than that of the contemporaneous Chevlipont Formation in the Brabant Massif (Thyle Valley, Belgium). Some of the taxa identified in the Stavelot–Venn Massif represent some of the youngest occurrences and first occurrences documented in Avalonia.
Becoming Teaching & Learning Inquiry
Authors: Mårtensson Katarina , Schrum Kelly
Published: January 2022

An introduction to volume 10 of Teaching & Learning Inquiry.
Instructors’ Perspectives of Challenges and Barriers to Providing Effective Feedback
Authors: Paris Brit
Published: January 2022

Instructor perspectives regarding the challenges they experience in enacting effective feedback processes have not been the focus in the literature on effective feedback processes. This study investigated the challenges that instructors experienced in providing effective feedback to students between January and April 2020, particularly considering campus closures and the shift to online learning in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study consisted of six focus groups held between January and April 2020 with five instructors from different disciplines at the same institution with class sizes ranging from 14 to 82. Through a thematic analysis using a constant comparison method, it was found that the biggest challenges instructors experienced in providing effective feedback was their own workload, the disruption that student inaction on feedback brought to the feedback process, and how the instructors managed their own affective responses and mindsets towards feedback. These findings are discussed within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and based on these findings, recommendations for instructors include considering their own limitations when designing feedback processes and checking their beliefs about feedback with their students’ perspectives on feedback in order to align understanding.
Scaffolding Understanding of Scholarly Educational Research Through Teacher/Student Conferencing and Differentiated Instruction
Authors: Ghaith Ghazi , Awada Ghada
Published: January 2022

This article reports the results of a qualitative study of the effectiveness of a critical reading instructional intervention based on differentiated instruction (DI) and teacher/student conferencing (TSC) in improving the participants’ understanding and evaluation of published educational research. A cohort of eleven (n = 11) novice graduate students took part in a 15-week course during which they critiqued several self-selected journal articles and reflected on their experience. Results of the thematic analysis of the participants’ reflection logs revealed that their’ initial feelings of apprehension and anxiety transformed into growth in their self-efficacy as consumers and designers of educational research. Likewise, the participants benefitted from scaffolding their challenges and the provision of feedback in becoming more proficient readers and in developing supportive relationships. The study implications, limitations, and suggestions for further research are discussed.
A half-century perspective on computational thinking
Authors: Kahn Ken
Published: January 2022

Há mais de cinquenta anos que as pessoas exploram como os computadores podem melhorar a aprendizagem e o ensino. A natureza maleável dos computadores permitiu que ele funcione como cartão de memória, tutor pessoal, livro didático, livro de referência, laboratório virtual, questionário, espaço virtual, sala de conferências e grupos de estudo. Talvez a sugestão mais radical seja conceber o computador como algo que aprendizes podem moldar de forma criativa resultando em algo realmente significativo, dinâmico, interativo e compartilhado. E, ainda, que o processo de construção desses artefatos computacionais seja rico em oportunidades de aprendizagem. Estas oportunidades variam desde ganhar uma compreensão mais profunda do assunto até a construir habilidades de alto nível de pensamento e de resolução de problemas.
Proposta de ensino de programação para crianças com scratch e pensamento computacional
Authors: Zanetti Humberto Augusto Piovesana , Borges Marcos Augusto Francisco , Leal Valéria Cristina Gomes , Matsuzaki Igor Yukio
Published: January 2022

Este trabalho apresenta uma proposta para um conjunto de práticas pedagógicas, com o objetivo de explorar o conteúdo de Lógica de Programação e Pensamento Computacional, em uma abordagem motivadora e criativa. São propostas atividades de Programação para crianças de 10 a 13 anos de idade usando como ferramenta de programação o ambiente Scratch. Essas atividades podem ser aplicadas em um contexto formal de ensino, em escolas que tenham uma carga horária específica para ensino de Computação ou em atividades fora do contexto formal da escola, em ambientes diferenciados de aprendizado.Palavras-chave: Ensino de programação; Scratch; Pensamento Computacional; Oficina.
Matthew K. Gold and Lauren Klein, Eds., Debates in the Digital Humanities 2019
Authors: Friedman Malaka
Published: January 2022

A review of Matthew K. Gold and Lauren Klein, Eds., Debates in the Digital Humanities 2019. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2019. 472pp.
Prevention of quercetin precipitation in red wines: a promising enzymatic solution
Authors: Vendramin Veronica , Pizzinato Daniele , Sparrow Céline , Pagni Daniele , Cascella Fabio , Carapelli Claudio , Vincenzi Simone
Published: January 2022

Flavonols are known for causing undesirable deposits in both red and white wines. Among flavonols, quercetin is widely considered the principal factor determining this phenomenon. One of the most accredited hypotheses claims that glycosylated derivatives of quercetin undergo hydrolysis of the glycosylic bond during the fermentation and the wine ageing, releasing quercetin aglycone, which is much less soluble in water solution and causes the precipitation. Our work describes the dynamics of quercetin-derived deposition in Chianti wines and purposes a new method, based on the enzymatic quercetin glycoside hydrolysis of the glycosidic bond, to prevent the unpleasant deposit formation during the wine ageing. In our study, forty-four monovarietal wines obtained from 7 different Italian grape varieties were compared in the content of total quercetin-3-glycosides (rutin, quercetin-3-glucuronide, quercetin-3-glucoside) and quercetin aglycone. The data confirmed the literature revealing Sangiovese as the richest in quercetin. We tested then, in a Sangiovese wine, four fining agents (PVPP, PVPP/PVI, bentonite and a vegetal protein) for quercetin removal, showing that only the PVPP had a modest aglycone removal activity. Then, the kinetics of deposit formation was studied in three Chianti wines which differed in the initial content of quercetin aglycone. This investigation highlighted that the chemical equilibrium of quercetin changes over time as the turbidity slowly increases, as previously documented. The comparison of the three dynamics also permitted us to conclude that different wines show a different ability to keep in solution quercetin. Finally, a new approach for deposit prevention was studied by a precocious Chianti wine treatment with a pectolytic enzyme having secondary glycosidase activity. This enzyme significantly accelerated the hydrolysis of glycosylated quercetins into their aglycone, which could enhance the deposition before bottling, without serious wine colour depletion. Our study represents the first evidence of the promising potential of using the pectolytic enzyme with secondary glycosidase activity to prevent quercetin deposit during Chianti ageing, in a way that is compatible with organic wine production.
The Good Pregnancy Network: An Alternative Approach for Gestational Diabetes
Authors: Ikomi Amaju , Mannan Shaheen
Published: January 2022

Basildon and Thurrock University Hospital in the East of England region of the United Kingdom (U.K), witnessed rapidly increasing numbers of pregnant women with diabetes, causing overburdened specialist clinics, poorer patient experience and worsening clinical outcomes. This prompted the multidisciplinary team’s remodelling of care pathways, launching the General ownership of Diabetes (GooD) Pregnancy Network in 2014. Contrary to conventional limitation of care to specialist diabetes antenatal clinics, this novel initiative highlights contemporary necessity to equip and empower all maternity stakeholders to deliver basic care of gestational diabetes (GDM). It strategically connects a Midwife Tele-Clinic “hub” to Educating Gestational diabetics Group Sessions (EGGS) and standard antenatal clinics. Patients were key partners, regularly participating in feedback surveys and promoting public awareness by co-producing local newspaper articles that served up their stories as case studies. Furthermore, the EGGS “faculty” includes a former GDM patient whose video testimony has inspired almost 2000 patients and their families; aiming to foster long term healthy lifestyle changes. Final summative evaluation in November 2019 showed the new culture of wider consciousness has shortened ‘diagnosis to first consultation’ intervals and eliminated overbooked specialist clinics (none since January 2016), without further worsening of clinical outcomes. It also boosted research recruitment and avoided additional running costs to the tune of £66,384 a year.
Rice Husk Shredding as a Means of Increasing the Long-Term Mechanical Properties of Earthen Mixtures for 3D Printing
Authors: Ferretti Elena , Moretti Massimo , Chiusoli Alberto , Naldoni Lapo , De Fabritiis Francesco , Visonà Massimo
Published: January 2022

This paper is part of a study of earthen mixtures for 3D printing of buildings. To meet the ever-growing environmental needs, the focus of the paper is on a particular type of biocomposite for the stabilization of earthen mixtures—the rice husk-lime biocomposite—and on how to enhance its effect on the long-term mechanical properties of the hardened product. Having assumed that the shredding of the vegetable fiber is precisely one of the possible ways to improve the mechanical properties, we compared the results of uniaxial compression tests performed on cubic specimens made with both shredded and unaltered vegetable fiber, for three curing periods. The results showed that the hardened earthen mixture is not a brittle material in the strict sense, because it exhibits some peculiar behaviors, anomalous for a brittle material. However, being a “designable” material, its properties can be varied with a certain flexibility to get as close as possible to the desired ones. One of the peculiar properties of the hardened earthen mixture deserves further investigation, rather than corrections. This is the vulcanization that occurs (in a completely natural way) in the long term, thanks to the mineralization of the vegetable fiber by carbonation of the lime.
Recent Advances in Wearable Optical Sensors Automation Powered by Battery Versus Skin-Like Battery-Free Devices for Personal Healthcare - A Review
Authors: Kazanskiy Nikolay L , Butt Muhammad A , Khonina Svetlana N
Published: January 2022

Currently, old-style personal medicare techniques rely mostly on traditional methods, such as cumbersome tools and complicated processes, which can be time-consuming and inconvenient in some circumstances. Furthermore, such old methods need the use of heavy equipment, blood draws, and traditional bench-top testing procedures. Invasive ways of acquiring test samples can potentially cause patients discomfort and anguish. Wearable sensors, on the other hand, may be attached to numerous body areas to capture diverse biochemical and physiological characteristics as a developing analytical tool. Physical, chemical, and biological data transferred via the skin is used to monitor health in various circumstances. Wearable sensors can assess the aberrant conditions of the physical or chemical components of the human body in real-time, exposing the body state in time, thanks to unintrusive sampling and high accuracy. Most commercially available wearable gadgets are mechanically hard components attached to bands and worn on the wrist, with form factors ultimately constrained by the size and weight of the batteries required for the power supply. Wearable gadgets with “skin-like” qualities are a new type of automation that is only starting to make its way out of research labs and into pre-commercial prototypes. In this paper, we studied the recent advancement in battery-powered wearable sensors established on optical phenomena and skin-like battery-free sensors which brings a breakthrough in wearable sensing automation.
Multimarker Approach to Evaluate the Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields at 27 GHz (5g) On Danio rerio larvae
Authors: Pecoraro Roberta , Pavone Santi Concetto , Scalisi Elena Maria , Ignoto Sara , Sica Carmen , Capparucci Fabiano , Iaria Carmelo , Salvaggio Antonio , Sorbello Gino , Di Donato Loreto , Brundo Maria Violetta
Published: January 2022

5G technology is evolving to satisfy several service requirements favoring high data-rate connections and lower latency times than current ones (< 1ms). 5G systems use different frequency bands of the radio wave spectrum, taking advantage of higher frequencies than previous mobile radio generations. In order to guarantee a capillary coverage of the territory for high reliability applications, it will be necessary to install a large number of repeaters because higher frequencies waves have a lower capacity to propagate in free space. Following the introduction of this new technology, there has been a growing concern about possible harmful effects on human health. The aim of this study is investigating possible short term effects induced by 5G-millimeter waves on embryonic development of Danio rerio. We have exposed fertilized eggs to 27 GHz frequency, 9.7 mW/cm2 incident power density, 23 dbm and have measured several endpoints every 24 hours. The exposure to electromagnetic fields at 27 GHz (5G) caused no significant impacts on mortality nor on morphology because the exposed larvae showed a normal detachment of the tail, presence of heart-beat and well-organised somites. A weak positivity on exposed larvae has been highlighted by immunohistochemical analysis.
Quantitative Optical Coherence Tomography for Longitudinal Monitoring of Postnatal Retinal Development
Authors: Ma Guangying , Ding Jie , Kim Tae-Hoon , Yao Xincheng
Published: January 2022

A better study of the postnatal retinal development is not only essential for the in-depth understanding of the nature of the vision system but also may provide insights for treatment developments of eye conditions, such as retinopathy of premature (ROP). To date, quantitative analysis of postnatal retinal development is primarily limited to endpoint histological examination. This study is to validate in vivo optical coherence tomography (OCT) for longitudinal monitoring of postnatal retinal development in developing mouse eyes. Three-dimensional (3D) frame registration and super averaging were adopted to investigate the fine structure of the retina. Interestingly, a hyporeflective layer (HRL) between the nerve fiber layer (NFL) and inner plexiform layer (IPL) was observed in developing eyes and gradually disappeared with aging. To interpret the observed retinal layer kinetics, a model based on eyeball expansion, cell apoptosis, and retinal structural modification was proposed.