bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ALFRED SCHAEFFER E SUAS CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA A QUÍMICA
Authors: Silva Rodrigo Régis , Marques Rita , Filgueiras Carlos
Published: May 2024

ALFRED SCHAEFFER AND HIS CONTRIBUTIONS TO CHEMISTRY. Alfred Schaeffer (1879-1957) was a German chemist who arrived in Minas Gerais in 1911 hired by the state government to organize the state health service in its newly established capital. He directed the Laboratory of Chemical Analysis of the State, and his analytical methods in dairy and mineral waters became a reference in Brazil. He also became professor of Chemistry at the new Faculty of Medicine of Belo Horizonte and founded the Chemistry Institute of the Engineering School in that city, influencing several students who became important names in Brazilian science. In addition, he was responsible for the assembly and technical coordination of pioneering industries in the dairy and wood distillation sector in the city of Santos Dumont. Later he assumed the post of technical director of Merck, also in Minas Gerais. Moving to Rio de Janeiro, he assumed a chair at the Technical School, working in teaching and research, and remained active even after retiring, publishing in important scientific journals.
HIDRÓXIDOS DUPLOS LAMELARES EM PROCESSOS CATALÍTICOS PARA A QUÍMICA FINA, DEGRADAÇÃO DE POLUENTES E GERAÇÃO DE ENERGIA LIMPA: UMA BREVE REVISÃO
Authors: Tomaso Luiz Phelipe , Bomfim Joice , Carvalho Nakédia , Senra Jaqueline , Malta Luiz Fernando
Published: May 2024

LAYERED DOUBLE HYDROXIDES IN CATALYTIC PROCESSES FOR FINE CHEMISTRY, POLLUTANT DEGRADATION AND CLEAN ENERGY GENERATION: A BRIEF REVIEW. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) and related materials have been studied for a long time and their application in catalytic processes remain attractive due to the tuned properties, morphologies and metal-support interactions obtained from a variety of composition and synthesis route. In this mini-review, some important reactions, such as photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, reduction, carbon-carbon cross-couplings and water-gas shift will be emphasized along with the role of LDHs as catalysts, co-catalysts or catalytic precursors when it was clearly indicated.
Legal Nature of Public Authority: Doctrine and Law
Authors: Filippova Natal'ya
Published: May 2024

The constitutional reform of 2020 made it relevant to develop a doctrinal and legal description of public power. The existing interpretations of its legal nature are often different, even mutually exclusive. This situation makes it necessary to expand the methodological foundations behind the theoretical model of public power. The author identified public power based on the differences in philosophy, management theory, political science, and sociology, on the one hand, and constitutional studies, on the other. The hypothesis of the cyclical development of constitutional law, both as a branch of law and as a science, made it possible to reconstruct the ideas of public power in the Russian doctrine of constitutional law at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries. These ideas proved systematic and logically complete because they interpreted public power as a special subjective right implemented by the community. The concepts of public power in the national constitutional studies demonstrated continuity, especially against V. E. Chirkin’s collectivist theory of public power. However, the importance of public understanding of the legal nature of public power remains underestimated. This flaw is also typical of the latest theoretical models of public power, which were affected by the constitutional reform of 2020, as demonstrated by some recent federal laws.
Legal History of Direct Democracy Institutions in the USA
Authors: Chechelev Stanislav
Published: May 2024

Direct democracy appeared in the United States back in the colonial period. However, when the country became sovereign in the late XVIII century, the founding fathers gave preference to representative democracy in order to prevent the mob rule. This research traces the history of various institutions of direct democracy in the United States. The late XIX – early XX centuries saw an era of progressivism in the United States: civil society struggled against negative social, political, and legal phenomena. Implementation of referendums, general direct elections, recalls of officials, etc., into the legal system seemed a perfect solution. In the early XX century, these institutions were enshrined in the legislation of some Western states and proved rather effective. The so-called second wave of direct democracy occurred after 1950s, and institutions of direct democracy became even more widespread. This process reached its peak in the late XX – early XXI centuries. As a result, they predominate in the current US legislation. The USA are currently going through a further rise in direct democracy, which is even more implemented into the legal system. The American experience of direct democracy is of considerable interest to Russia as it may help to improve the domestic state mechanisms of making socially important decisions.
Modern Trends in Determining the Jurisdiction of Disputes
Authors: Terehova Lidiya
Published: May 2024

Since 2018, the term jurisdiction cannot be applied to civil proceedings as the legislator found it outdated after the single Supreme Court had been introduced. In fact, this term has never been mentioned in the Constitution of the Russian Federation. However, the phenomenon designated by the term cannot be removed from the doctrine and judicial practice for the following reasons. First, the rules of jurisdiction distribute cases between judicial and non-judicial bodies. Second, they make it possible to identify cases of a non-legal nature that cannot claim state protection. The law of 2018 had some positive consequences. Now, the refusal procedure is less complicated. Non-judicial cases can be easily transferred under proper jurisdiction where they will be considered according to a different type of legal proceedings. As for the negative consequences, it seems that the legislator interpreted jurisdiction only as the distribution of cases between different courts and substituted the term subject matter jurisdiction with court jurisdiction. The author criticizes this narrow approach and highlights two urgent issues: 1) not every case has to go to court; 2) digital technologies are important in legal proceedings. These trends can optimize judicial competence, as well as create new rules of court jurisdiction without violating the constitutional right to judicial protection. The article describes the rules of jurisdiction and their improvement, as well as determines the place of jurisdiction among other procedural institutions and introduces some ways to reform the subordination of civil cases to courts of civil jurisdiction. Jurisdiction has an intersectoral nature and is a way of distributing cases between judicial and non-judicial bodies. A combination of standard scientific methods with the formal-legal analysis made it possible to identify the following development directions. 1) Non-judicial cases need proper criteria. 2) New information technologies should enter the judicial system to update the court procedure, e.g., minor cases could be reviewed in court exclusively as an electronic procedure.
Fluoride removal by hydroxyapatite modified with anhydrous aluminum chloride
Authors: Ren Mengyue , Jia Xiangling , Huang Tianyin , Wu Bingdang , Yang Jingjing
Published: May 2024

Efficient and low-cost removal of fluoride from water has attracted wide attention. Here, aluminum-modified hydroxyapatite (Al-HAP) was prepared by a homogeneous hydrothermal co-precipitation method. The physicochemical properties of the Al-HAP surface were characterized by SEM, XRD, FT-IR, BET, and zeta potential, and the adsorption performances were evaluated. It showed that Al-HAP has a larger specific surface area (121.97 m2/g, which is 2.3 times larger than that of HAP), more surface-active hydroxyls and positively charged at pH less than 7, which indicate that Al-HAP is beneficial to the adsorption of negatively charged fluoride. Al-HAP had a higher fluoride adsorption capacity (56.44 mg/g) than that of HAP (28.36 mg/g), and not sensitive to the interference of coexisting ions except CO32-. Based on the adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm experiments, the proposed two-stage kinetic model and Freundlich isotherm model can better describe the adsorption process. From the results of XPS and FT-IR, it indicated that the ion exchange between hydroxyl group on the surface and fluoride ions is the main driven force for the adsorption, and electrostatic adsorption is also helpful. The present study provides an improved HAP to effectively remove fluoride from water.
Dual Solutions of Magneto-Radiative Ag-Water Nanofluid Slip Flow Across the Porous Medium Due to a Permeable Contracting Surface with Heat Generation: Stability Analysis
Authors: Mandal Gopinath
Published: May 2024

The current study looks at the heat transfer of a magneto-radiative nanofluid over an
exponentially contracting permeable sheet in the existence of heat generation with numerous
slip boundary constraints. It also looks at the stability and duality of solutions. Here, a waterbased fluid with silver (Ag) nanoparticles is employed. Before being computed by bvp4c in the
Matlab program, the governing nonlinear partial differential equations are converted into
dimensionless nonlinear ODEs via a similarity transformation. Due to the contracting surface
scenario, a dual-nature solution can only be found if a sufficient suction value is used. We may
infer from stability investigation that the first one is stable while the second one is unstable. A
stable solution makes sense with the least positive eigenvalues, but a lower unstable solution
indicates negative eigenvalues. The Nusselt number and the skin-friction factor may be
improved by increases in the silver nanoparticle’s solid volume percentage. The least
eigenvalue converges to zero as the suction and contracting surface parameters reach their
critical values. Nanofluids that are magnetic and radiative can be used to create beautiful and
effective electromagnetic devices, including in the areas of clothing, paper, plastics, food
colorants, cars, cancer therapy, medicines, ceramics, soaps, and paints.
A review article on Ayurvedic approach for Chikitsa Krama of Amlapitta
Authors: Harpreet Singh  , Sanjna Sharma  , Gareema Panwar
Published: May 2024

In this present era everyone is trying to follow western culture. Everyone is struggling to survive in the age of competition and while doing all these they are neglecting their own health. Because of changing lifestyle, food habits, behavioral pattern etc. They are facing various functional or psychological diseases. Amlapitta (Hyperacidity) is possessed by words Amla (sour) Pitta (gastric juice). In Ayurveda Amlapitta is managed through Pitta Shamana with Vamana and Virechana. The cardinal symptoms of Amlapitta include Avipaka (indigestion) Klma (tiredness) Utklesha (nausea), Tikta Amlaudgar (heat and throat burn) and Aruchi (Anorexia).[1] Amlapitta is a disorder of Annavaha Strotas. In Pathya Kalpana not only Hetus but proper follow of Dincharya and Rutucharya are important.
Role of Ayurvedic management in Pakshaghata (Hemiplegia): A Case Report
Authors: Shrikant Lodhi  , Ratnesh Kumar Shukla  , Vivek Sharma  , Shraddha Sharma
Published: May 2024

Hemiplegia is a condition with gradual weakness or loss of functions on either half of the body. The injury to the motor centers of the brain either due to ischemia or hemorrhage, can cause poor balance, speech deficits and loss of function. The prevalence rate of hemiplegia is 9 cases per 1000 in global population.[1] In Ayurveda, this condition can be compared to Pakshaghata due to similarity in clinical signs and symptoms being. According to Acharya Charaka Pakshaghata is a Vatavyadhi, where vitiated Vata Dosha is involved in its pathogenesis. Since Pakshaghata is Nanatatmaja Vaat Vyadhi hence use of oral ayurvedic drugs along with Panchakarma therapeutics is recommended.
Gridrasi (Lumbar Radiculopathy) - A Case Study
Authors: Annapurna K. Bhandge  , Prashanth AS
Published: May 2024

Background: Gridrasi is one among the Vataja Nanatmaja vyadi’s, which is closely related with sciatica(lumbar radiculopathy) which is characterized by pain radiating along the sciatic nerve, which runs down one/both legs from lower back. The incidence of sciatica varying from 13% to 40%. The prevalence of sciatic varies considerably ranging from 3.8% in working population to 7.9% in non-working population. Aim and Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of Shamana Aushadi’s and Shodhana Chikitsa in Gridrasi. Materials and Methods: It is a single case study. A 31yr old female who was already diagnosed with herniation of L4-L5 and posterocentral protrusion of L3-L4 and L4-L5 discs. Shamana Aushadis followed by Panchakarma treatment like Valuka Sweda, Patra Pinda Sweda, Basti. Results: Symptomatic assessment of patient was carried out and satisfactory outcome was there and quality of life of patient was significantly improved. Conclusion: Procedure’s and Shamanaushadis were satisfactory results and symptomatic relief.
Effect of Neutral Pulmonary Douche on Pulmonary Functions among Bronchial Asthma Patients
Authors: Prajwal HM  , Swathi BS  , Nitesh MK  , Vineetha A N  , Lakshmeesha DR  , Shravya CN  , Amshuman R. Yadav
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Bronchial Asthma is the second-most significant contributing factor to mortality rates for chronic respiratory diseases. It is characterized by hyperreactivity of the airways and reversible episodes of bronchoconstriction. Douche is a general application in hydrotherapy, which is a stream of water directed against the body generally or locally. The neutral pulmonary douche (NPD) is employed to improve pulmonary functions, but there is no scientific report validating its effect. Materials and Method: A randomized control trial study of a total of 60 subjects belonging to the age group of 18–44 years participated in the study. The study participants were randomized into intervention and control groups (1:1). The intervention group (30) underwent NPD for 30 minutes. No intervention was given to the control group (30) and was followed up. The assessments were taken at baseline and after 10 days of the study. Result: The collected data was subjected to statistical analysis, employing interferential statistical tests. These analyses showed a significant difference in all parameters (FEV1, FVC, the FEV1FVC ratio, and PEFR) within (t-tests, the Wilcoxon rank test) and between (ANCOVA) groups. Conclusion: The implementation of hydrotherapy-facilitated NPD has demonstrated notable enhancement of pulmonary functionality in Bronchial asthma (BA) sufferers, in conjunction with conventional medical interventions. This discovery contributes to the progressively accumulating substantiation endorsing the efficacy of hydrotherapy within the domain of naturopathy.
Study the effect of Darun Lepa in Darunaka
Authors: Sneha Batakurki  , Prashant Bhandi
Published: May 2024

Darunaka is a Kapha Vataja (due to Kapha and Vata) condition featured with itching, dryness, and scaling of skin over the scalp with an itching sensation is considered a cardinal feature. It has become the most common cause of hair fall.  Dandruff is a common scalp disorder, the cause may vary among individuals like fungal, bacterial, dry scalp, oil or irritated skin. In this study a cost effective and simple topical application of Lepa using Haritaki Churna, Amra Beeja Churna and Godugdha as a combination has been evaluated in Darunaka.
Experimental study on Swachhandbhairva Rasa w.s.r. to its Anti-Pyretic Effect
Authors: Udayveer Sungh Rathor  , Rajkumari Rathor  , Dinesh Vijay Wargiya  , Rajkishore Pati
Published: May 2024

The ancient Ayurvedic text Bhaisajya Ratnavali of Govind Das Sen during eighteen century A.D., prescribes a specific formulation comprising five herbs named as Swachhanda Bhairava Rasa Swachhandabhairava Rasa is Abundant of herbal, mineral and herbomineral preparations have been found in Ayurveda which have been continuously used for infectious disease by Ayurvedic practitioner there are many herbomineral preparations have been found in Ayurveda. Swachhandabhairava Rasa contains pure mercury, pure Gandgaka, Vatsanabh, Jaiyphala and Pippali in equal part. Most of the ingredient are having Tikta, Katu Rasa, Ushna Virya and Yogvahi in property which is helpful to inhibit the Jwara by reducing the Kleda (wetness) and sweat out in body. So Swachhand- Bhairaw Rasa used in Nava-Jwara.
Promising Anthelmintic Properties of Papaya (Carica Papaya) Extract: A Literature Study
Authors: An-Nisa Syanur , Putri Silma Amalia , Affandi M Luqman , Pawestri Aulia Rahmi
Published: May 2024

Helminthiasis is a lurking health issue worldwide. Currently, available anthelmintics focus on the benzimidazole group, despite their side effects and threats of anthelmintic resistance. Therefore, exploration of novel compounds with anthelmintic properties is crucial. Papaya (Carica papaya) contains active compounds with prospective anthelmintic properties. This literature review discusses the potential of papaya as an anthelmintic agent. We screened publications from indexed journals in English and Indonesian published between 2013–2023 covering topics of C. papaya active compounds and their anthelmintic properties. Seeds, leaves, bark, and stems of papaya showed various degrees of anthelmintic properties. Studies reported its efficacy against several helminth species with good safety profiles. C. papaya extract can be a promising anthelmintic candidate. Aside from its abundance, its effectiveness and safety yielded satisfactory results. Further research is needed to elicit the mechanism of C. papaya as a novel therapeutic modality for parasitic infections.
Cryptic Resilience: Decoding Molecular Networks in Pearl Millet for Enhanced Heat Stress
Authors: Dhawi Faten
Published: May 2024

Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), a vital cereal crop renowned for its drought tolerance, is a cornerstone for smallholder farmers in arid and semi-arid regions, ranking as the fifth most significant cereal globally. Despite its resilience, the molecular mechanisms underlying its tolerance to heat stress remained elusive. To address this knowledge gap, we subjected ten-day-old pearl millet seedlings to an unprecedented temperature of 50°C for 60 seconds. Subsequent next-generation RNA sequencing aimed to unravel differential gene expression in heat-stressed seedlings compared to control conditions. Our analysis revealed a remarkable 29.8% differential expression in the genome sequence in response to heat stress. Heat-stressed pearl millet leaves exhibited differential expression in 11,483 genes, with fold changes ranging from 2 to 18.6 compared to the control group. Of these, 3,612 genes displayed upregulation, while 7,871 genes exhibited downregulation. These genes play roles in diverse biological processes involving crucial enzymes such as aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, ligases, methyltransferases, oxidoreductases, and DNA-directed RNA polymerases. The Photosystem II Type I Chlorophyll-a/b-binding protein and heat shock proteins displayed the most significant fold changes in heat-stressed leaves. Moreover, various transcription factor families, including bHLH, ERF, NAC, WRKY, MYB-related, C2H2, bZIP, MYB, FAR1, and B3, vital in controlling pearl millet's response to heat stress, were linked to over 100 differentially expressed genes. The dataset generated through this research, shedding light on the molecular processes enabling pearl millet to withstand heat, holds immense value given the crop's role in food security and resilience to extreme weather. In the context of climate change and global warming, this knowledge lays the foundation for further studies on metabolic engineering and selecting crops resilient to high temperatures. Our transcriptomics approach provides comprehensive gene expression profiles of heat-stressed plants. It elucidates pearl millet's response to heat stress, offering a crucial resource for future investigations into crop adaptation strategies.
Advancing Colorectal Cancer Detection With Blood-Based Tests: Qualitative Study and Discrete Choice Experiment to Elicit Population Preferences
Authors: Ong Clarence , Cook Alex R , Tan Ker-Kan , Wang Yi
Published: May 2024

Background

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most deadly form of cancer, inducing an estimated 1.9 million incidence cases and 0.9 million deaths worldwide in 2020. Despite the availability of screening tests, their uptake remains suboptimal. However, blood-based tests that look for signs of cancer-specific markers in the body are increasingly available as an alternative for more invasive tests for cancer. Compared with existing tests, the benefits of blood-based tests for CRC include not needing pretest preparation, stool handling, and dietary or medication restrictions.

Objective

This study aims to explore the population’s preferences for CRC screening tests, with a focus on blood-based tests, and investigate the factors influencing test uptake.

Methods

We used a mixed methods approach, combining semistructured interviews and a discrete choice experiment (DCE) survey. Interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify salient attributes for CRC screening tests. These attributes informed the design of the DCE survey. The DCE data were analyzed using mixed logit and mixed-mixed multinomial logit models.

Results

Qualitative findings from 30 participants revealed that participants preferred blood-based tests due to their perceived low risk, minimal pain, and ease of sample collection. However, concerns about the test’s lower accuracy were also expressed. The DCE survey was completed by 1189 participants. In the mixed logit model, participants demonstrated a stronger preference for blood-based tests over a 2-day stool-based test. The mixed-mixed multinomial logit model identified 2 classes, strong supporters and weak supporters, for CRC screening. Weak supporters, but not strong supporters, had a higher preference for blood-based tests. Women, ethnic Chinese, and people aged 40 to 60 years were more likely to be weak supporters. Both models highlighted the high influence of cost and test sensitivity on participants’ preferences. Transitioning from a 2-day stool-based test to a blood-based test, assuming a national screening program at a base price of Singapore $5 (US $3.75), was estimated to have the potential to increase the relative uptake by 5.9% (95% CI 3.6%-8.2%).

Conclusions

These findings contribute to our understanding of CRC screening preferences and provide insights into the factors driving test uptake. This study highlights the perceived advantages of blood-based tests and identifies areas of concern regarding their accuracy. Further research is needed to determine the actual increase in uptake rate when blood-based tests are made available.
Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Hong Kong: Registry-Based Study From 2017 to 2023
Authors: Xu Richard Huan , Sun Ruiqi , Fu Siu-Ngor
Published: May 2024

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has exerted a significant toll on individual health and the efficacy of health care systems. However, the influence of COVID-19 on the frequency and outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) within the Chinese population, both before and throughout the entire pandemic period, remains to be clarified.

Objective

This study aimed to fill the gaps by investigating the prevalence and outcomes of OHCA in Hong Kong (HK) both before and during the whole pandemic period.

Methods

This is a retrospective regional registry study. The researchers matched OHCA data with COVID-19–confirmed case records between December 2017 and May 2023. The data included information on response times, location of OHCA, witness presence, initial rhythm, bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), use of public-access defibrillation, resuscitation in the accident and emergency department, and survival to admission. Descriptive analyses were conducted, and statistical tests such as analysis of variance and χ2 were used to examine differences between variables. The incidence of OHCA and survival rates were calculated, and logistic regression analysis was performed to assess associations. The prevalence of OHCA and COVID-19 during the peak of the pandemic was also described.

Results

A total of 43,882 cases of OHCA were reported in HK and included in our analysis. Around 13,946 cases were recorded during the prepandemic period (2017-2019), and the remaining 29,936 cases were reported during the pandemic period (2020-2023). During the pandemic period, the proportion of female patients increased to 44.1% (13,215/29,936), and the average age increased slightly to 76.5 (SD 18.5) years. The majority of OHCAs (n=18,143, 61.1% cases) occurred at home. A witness was present in 45.9% (n=10,723) of the cases, and bystander CPR was initiated in 44.6% (n=13,318) of the cases. There was a significant increase in OHCA incidence, with a corresponding decrease in survival rates compared to the prepandemic period. The location of OHCA shifted, with a decrease in incidents in public places and a potential increase in incidents at home. We found that CPR (odds ratio 1.48, 95% CI 1.17-1.86) and public-access defibrillation (odds ratio 1.16, 95% CI 1.05-1.28) were significantly associated with a high survival to admission rate during the pandemic period. There was a correlation between the development of OHCA and the prevalence of COVID-19 in HK.

Conclusions

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on OHCA in HK, resulting in increased incidence and decreased survival rates. The findings highlight the importance of addressing the indirect effects of the pandemic, such as increased stress levels and strain on health care systems, on OHCA outcomes. Strategies should be developed to improve OHCA prevention, emergency response systems, and health care services during public health emergencies to mitigate the impact on population health.
Cada uno es hijo de sus obras
Authors: Meyer Jean , González Juliana , Sarukhán José
Published: May 2024

Cada uno es hijo de sus obras está integrado por los textos “El cuerpo humano, sede del lenguaje” de Juliana González, “Nacionalismo universalismo” de Jean Meyer y “Palabras de ingreso a la Academia Mexicana de la Lengua” de José Sarukhán. Discursos de ingreso a la Academia Mexicana de la Lengua 13 de agosto de 2015 con respuesta de Jaime Labastida.
Construir desde el derecho, un nuevo lenguaje de la abogacía
Authors: Arroyo Raúl
Published: May 2024

[...] las y los juristas estamos obligados a construir, utilizar e impulsar un nuevo lenguaje, claro, preciso y actual que alcance al entendimiento de todas las personas, ilustradas o ignorantes, las más posibles, en cualquier sitio, lo mismo en una pequeña comunidad que en la gran ciudad; en sedes legislativa y judicial; en decretos administrativos y columnas de divulgación; en la docencia y la investigación.
El caballito jorobado
Authors: Pavlovich Yerchoff Piotr
Published: May 2024

El mejor amigo de Vanka es un caballito jorobado que, además de poder hablar, lo acompaña en sus peripecias. Aunque nadie tenía fe en el muchacho, y lo tomaban por tonto, luego de muchas aventuras demostró su inteligencia, todo con la ayuda y la sagacidad del caballito jorobado. Acércate a esta historia y acompáñalos en sus hazañas: conocerás pájaros de fuego y magníficos caballos dorados. ¿Alguna vez has pensado qué leían las niñas y los niños de antes? ¿Cuáles eran sus historias? Biblioteca de Chapulín te transportará muchos años atrás. Conoce los cuentos que leían tus abuelas y abuelos a tu edad: historias que han estado vivas por mucho tiempo y que hoy llegan a tus manos por el valor del trabajo de escritores e ilustradores, artistas todos, que pensaron en ti aun sin conocerte. Cada uno de los libros de esta Biblioteca te llevará por diferentes caminos: visita países lejanos, como Rusia o China, descubre misteriosos objetos con poderes mágicos, aprende canciones nuevas y vive aventuras junto con ratones, gorriones y renacuajos fabulosos. ¡Anímate a conocerlos!
A Mobile App Driven Smart Ball Launch System for Solo Sports Training
Authors: Patil Srushti
Published: May 2024

Abstract: In today's world, athletes face intense competition in a variety of sports, but there are few opportunities for them to practice or evaluate their performance on their own, making it difficult for them to grow. Thus, a system is proposed in this paper that allows players to conveniently practice alone without requiring human assistance and may also help them in analyzing their skills. The method mostly concentrates on tennis game. The automatic ball launches for practice is the main aim of the system. With the assistance of a Node MCU that can interact over the internet, the system gives the user exact control over when to launch balls, what kind of ball to launch, and how to launch them remotely. Which is possible on mobile devices due to Blynk app interface. Typically, the system offers three different ball launch types: over spin, backspin, and rapid ball launch. It also allows for exact speed control of the motors used to make the ball launch.
The Future of Patient Data Security: Exploring Emerging Technologies and Collaborative Approaches
Authors: Duggirala Naga Vinodh
Published: May 2024

Abstract: The protection of sensitive patient data has become a paramount concern in the increasingly digital landscape of the healthcare industry. As healthcare organizations adopt electronic health records and face a growing array of cyber threats, they must navigate a complex regulatory environment, including the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), while implementing robust strategies to safeguard personal health information (PHI). This article provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges and best practices in healthcare data protection, examining the current regulatory framework, the various threats to patient data—such as cyber-attacks, insider threats, and human error—and the key strategies and technologies for enhancing security, including encryption, access controls, and employee training. The article also explores the potential of emerging technologies, such as block chain and artificial intelligence, in revolutionizing healthcare data management and security, and emphasizes the importance of collaboration among stakeholders, including healthcare providers, technology vendors, policymakers, and patients. By recapping the main challenges and strategies discussed, offering insights into the future of data protection in healthcare, and issuing a call to action for prioritizing patient data security, this article serves as a valuable resource for healthcare organizations seeking to strengthen their data protection measures and maintain patient trust in the digital age.
Public Interest Litigation and the Protection of Women against Rape: A Comprehensive Study
Authors: Singh Varun
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Public Interest Litigation (PIL) has emerged as a powerful tool for social justice, particularly in cases concerning the protection of women against sexual violence. This article provides a comprehensive study of PIL in the context of rape cases, focusing on its impact on legal frameworks, judicial activism, and societal attitudes towards women's rights. The article begins by tracing the historical development of PIL in India and its evolution as a mechanism for addressing systemic issues, including gender-based violence. It then examines landmark cases where PIL has been instrumental in shaping legal precedents and driving policy changes aimed at enhancing the protection of women against rape. Furthermore, the article explores the role of PIL in expanding the definition of rape, enhancing access to justice for survivors, and promoting gender-sensitive reforms in the criminal justice system. It also highlights the challenges and criticisms associated with PIL, including concerns about judicial overreach and the need for balanced decision-making.
Image Caption Prediction Using Deep Learning
Authors: LalithaKeerthana M. , Vallabha N. Leela , Likitha P. , Lohith T. , Preethi Prof C. M.
Published: May 2024

Abstract: In the era of rapidly growing digital content, the automatic generation of image captions has gain significant attention in the field of deep learning and computer vision. Our proposed model leverages deep learning techniques, including convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for image feature extraction and recurrent neural networks (RNNs) with attention mechanisms for caption generation. To evaluate the performance of our model, we employ a comprehensive dataset containing a diverse range of images and corresponding human-generated captions. In conclusion, our deep learning-based image captioning project offers a promising solution to the challenge of automatically generating meaningful and contextually accurate descriptions for images. The potential applications of the technology are vast, and we anticipate that it will continue to various fields, including artificial intelligence, accessibility, content creation, content management and publishing across various social media platform.
Treating Sugar Mill Wastewater by Identifying and Removing Major Impurities Using Eletrocoagulation
Authors: Srivastava Ms. Shubhi Shikhar , Kumar Mr. Ushendra
Published: May 2024

Abstract: The study investigates electrocoagulation for removing impurities from wastewater of the sugar industry.With optimal conditions (75mins electrolysis, pH 7, 25V), significant removal efficiencies were achieved for conductivity (93%), chloride (92.5%), COD (up to 79.6%), and color (96.8%). Exploring the impact of electrolytes on pollutant removal efficiency provides insights for further process optimization, highlighting the technique's potential to minimize environmental and health impacts
Enfermedad desmielinizante asociada a anticuerpos MOG y encefalitis de tallo crónica: cuándo sospecharla
Authors: Franco Ruiz Cesar Augusto , Taborda Holguin Sergio , Llano Piedrahíta Julián , Ascencio Lancheros Jose Luis
Published: May 2024

Introducción: la enfermedad asociada a la glicoproteína oligodendrocitaria de mielina (MOGAD) comprende un espectro amplio de manifestaciones clínicas y hallazgos imagenológicos, donde la evidencia reciente indica que la encefalitis de tallo es una posible manifestación de MOGAD.
Presentación de caso: se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 32 años con curso de enfermedad fluctuante y buena respuesta a esteroides, con afectación predominante del tallo cerebral de nueve años de evolución y posterior compromiso del nervio óptico. La paciente no cumplía criterios para esclerosis múltiple o neuromielitis óptica y otros diagnósticos diferenciales fueron excluidos. Finalmente, el diagnóstico de MOGAD fue confirmado mediante la detección de anticuerpos IgG contra la proteína MOG.
Discusión: las lesiones de tallo cerebral en MOGAD se han descrito en el 30?% de los casos de una cohorte española de pacientes positivos para MOG-IgG. Las lesiones tienden a ser bilaterales, mal definidas y de gran tamaño. A pesar de que los bajos títulos del examen pueden generar dudas sobre el diagnóstico, Banwell et al. recientemente propusieron unos nuevos criterios diagnósticos que incluyen bajos títulos de MOG-IgG y, ante ello, los criterios clínicos de soporte apoyan el diagnóstico.
Conclusiones: los pacientes con signos de encefalitis de tallo sin clara etiología deben ser evaluados con anticuerpos asociados a la proteína MOG, para confirmar o descartar el diagnóstico.
PUBLIC-LEGAL ASPECTS OF INFORMATION SECURITY IN EDUCATION
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Anshakov A.S.
Published: May 2024

The problem of free access to and dissemination of information to ensure quality education in Russia is considered. Issues of sustainable economic development and ensuring a safe media space are studied in the context of the national policy concept “Development of Education” as a strategic priority.
Administrative Time Expectations for Residency Core Faculty: A CERA Study
Authors: Ringwald Bryce A. , Auciello Stephen , Ginty Joseph , Jefferis Melissa , Stacey Stephen
Published: May 2024

Background: Academic family medicine (FM) physicians aim to balance competing needs of providing clinical care with nonclinical duties of program administration, formal education, and scholarly activity. FM residency is unique in its scope of practice, clinical settings, and training priorities, which may differ between university-based and community-based programs. In both types of programs, these competing needs are a source of faculty dissatisfaction and burnout. We performed this study to explore the allocation of nonclinical administrative full-time equivalents (FTE) for FM residency core faculty members.
Results: Reported nonclinical administrative FTE time allocation is equivalent between university/medical school-based and community-based programs. The ideal proportion of FTE distribution identified by DCs had greater amounts of direct clinical care compared to greater emphasis on precepting time identified by PDs. DCs and PDs agreed that administrative time should be used for advising residents, curriculum development and delivery, and evaluation of resident performance. Barriers to allocating additional administrative time for DCs included loss of revenue and pressure by hospital-level leadership. PDs responded that the need for clinical supervision of residents was most significant.
Methods: We performed our research through a cross-sectional survey of FM department chairs (DC) and residency program directors (PD) conducted by the Council of Academic Family Medicine Educational Research Alliance. We used descriptive statistics to characterize the data and Pearson’s χ2 tests to evaluate bivariate relationships.
Conclusions: DCs and PDs offer a similar ideal picture of core responsibilities, though subtle differences remain. These differences should be considered for the next revision of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education minimum program standards to best meet the needs of all FM programs.
Factors associated with seedling establishment on logs of different fungal decay types -- a seed sowing experiment
Authors: Fukasawa Yu , Kitabatake Hiroyuki
Published: May 2024

1. Activities of wood decomposer fungi alter abiotic and biotic
properties of deadwood, which are important for tree seedling
regeneration on nurse logs. However, the effects were seldom evaluated
experimentally. 2. In this study, we examined germination, growth, and
survival of six arbuscular mycorrhizal and six ectomycorrhizal tree
species on three substrates (brown rot logs, white rot logs, and soil)
by seed sowing experiments in a mixed forest dominated by Pinus
densiflora and Quercus serrata. We also analyzed fungal communities in
these substrates by rDNA ITS1 sequencing. 3. Some significant substrate
effects were found on seedling performance when comparing wood decay
types, but these were not clearly consistent across mycorrhizal status
of the seedlings. Nevertheless, seedlings of arbuscular mycorrhizal
trees tended to show better growth on brown rot logs than on white rot
logs, whereas ectomycorrhizal tree seedlings tended to survive better on
white rot logs and soil compared to brown rot logs. 4. The fungal
community was significantly different across three substrates. Richness
of Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
was largest in brown rot logs, whereas OTU richness of ectomycorrhizal
fungi was largest in soil. 5. Synthesis: The effects of fungal wood
decay type on nurse log regeneration of tree seedlings might be partly
attributable to water content and fungal communities in the logs.
Particularly, rich communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in brown
rot logs could assist in the growth of arbuscular mycorrhizal tree
seedlings.
THE GEOPHYSICAL COUPLING BEFORE EARTHQUAKES FROM MULTIPARAMETRIC STUDIES
Authors: Marchetti Dedalo , Yiqun Zhang , Kaiguang Zhu , Essam Ghamry , Guido Ventura , Alessandro Piscini , Rui Yan , Zhima Zeren , Xuhui Shen , Mehdi Akhoondzadeh , Ting Wang , Wenqi Chen , Yuqi Cheng , Mengxuan Fan , Donghua Zhang , Hanshuo Zhang , Conti Livio
Published: May 2024

The scientific debate on the existence of possible precursors before
large earthquakes has been wide and brought to not univocal conclusions.
One observable alone is clearly insufficient to provide indications on
the criticality of the seismic fault status. In particular, it’s
fundamental to investigate how critical is the accumulation of stress on
a seismogenic fault and how we can predict an incoming earthquake.
Considering that the Earth is a complex system in which the geo-layers
(lithosphere, atmosphere and ionosphere) interact, it seems possible to
understand better the Earth’s system if we study it as a whole. This
requires an integration of observations and data from several sources
and instruments, from ground data to remote sensing satellites. Despite
the technical obstacles, several works have been done in this direction
in the last years, and they seem to confirm firstly that the geo-layers
show alterations (i.e., anomalies) before earthquake occurrence;
secondly, it seems that several mechanisms of coupling are possible.
This last point is the present research topic, as further clarifications
are required.

In the presentation, several examples of couplings before the
earthquakes will be shown; for example, the recent investigation of the
Lushan (China) 2013 earthquake, which shows three possible couplings by
different geophysical mechanisms at very different times before the
earthquake (130 days, 45 days, and 2 weeks).

For the more recent seismic event, it is possible to investigate the
ionosphere layer with the precious data from China Seismo
Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES-01), by its instruments such as Langmuir
probes and magnetometers. The integration of CSES and ESA Swarm data
allows us to define better the ionospheric disturbances possibly related
to earthquake occurrence. These cases include Mw = 7.5 Indonesia 2018,
Mw = 7.6 Papua New Guinea 2019, Mw = 7.7 Jamaica 2020 or Mw = 7.8 Turkey
2023 earthquakes.

Finally, we are still far from predicting earthquakes but several steps
toward a better understanding of the phenomena eventually associated
with seismic events seem to be not far.
Complex Patterns of Sediment Erosion and Deposition under Sea-Level Variations Change: Insights from a Coupled Stratigraphic Experiment and Moving Boundary Modelling Approach for Fluvio-Deltaic Evolution.
Authors: Kadir Md Nurul , Lorenzo-Trueba Jorge , Fernandes Anjali M , Singh Arvind
Published: May 2024

Fluvial deltas have worldwide socio-economic importance as human
development and infrastructure centers and provide several ecosystem
services, including storm protection and nursery habitats. Their
subsurface architecture also holds clues to past climate and sea-level
change that can be reconstructed from stratigraphy. A significant
challenge in inverting stratigraphy is separating the signals of
external forcing, such as variations in sea level, and internal
processes, such as the dynamics of the fluvial surface and channel
network variations. In a previous work, we analyzed laboratory flume
data from the Tulane Delta Basin using an experimental run with
oscillating sea level conditions and constant sediment supply. We found
that the dynamics of the fluvial surface play an important role in
delaying the response of the upper portion of the subaerial topset. To
further quantify this phenomenon, we couple this flume experiment with a
numerical modeling framework that integrates the topset with a
subaqueous offshore region or foreset. The numerical model can explain
the topset slope, convexity dynamics, and sediment partitioning between
the topset and the foreset under sea level variations. For example, it
captures how during sea-level rise (SLR), low sedimentation near the
topset’s center reduces the subaerial slope and increases convexity,
while during sea-level fall (SLF), high sedimentation increases the
slope and concavity. Moreover, the model can explain the
counterintuitive observation of higher sediment topset bypass to the
foreset under SLR than SLF due to the reduction in subaerial slope,
partially explained by a higher presence of active channels during SLR
than SLF. These results underscore the importance of internal processes
such as fluvial surface and channel dynamics, which can result in net
erosion during SLR and net deposition during SLF, potentially
complicating the reconstruction of paleo sea-level from deltaic
deposits.
The Unique Seasonal Influence of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field on Martian Proton Aurora
Authors: Hughes Andrea C. G. , DiBraccio Gina A. , Romanelli Norberto , Chaffin Michael Scott , Mierkiewicz Edwin J. , Bowers Charles F , Halekas Jasper S. , Schneider Nicholas M. , Deighan Justin , Jain Sonal , Espley Jared Randolph , Mayyasi Majd , Curry Shannon M.
Published: May 2024

We evaluate for the first time the large-scale influence of the upstream
interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) magnitude and orientation on Martian
proton aurora. We identify a correlation between proton aurora activity
and IMF magnitude that varies seasonally, with highest correlations
around Mars southern summer solstice when proton aurora activity reaches
an annual high. We identify preferentially increased proton aurora
emission enhancements at IMF cone and clock angles consistent with the
shape of the Parker spiral at Mars’s heliocentric distance. An increased
proton aurora occurrence rate is observed for near-radial IMF
orientations, particularly evident when the hydrogen corona and bow
shock are annually decreased. Lastly, our results suggest that dayside
magnetic reconnection may influence proton aurora, which are observed to
have preferentially higher occurrence under strong ±Bz orientations.
These findings enhance our understanding of the upstream IMF’s influence
on Martian proton aurora as an important driver for auroral brightness
and occurrence.
Does discounting 'hot' climate models improve the predictive skill of climate model ensembles?
Authors: McDonnell Abigail , Bauer Adam Michael , Proistosescu Cristian
Published: May 2024

It depends. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC)
Assessment Report Six (AR6) took an ambitious step towards ending
so-called ‘model democracy’ by discounting climate models that are too
warm over the historical period (i.e., models that “run hot”) when
making projections of global temperature change. However, the IPCC did
not address whether this procedure is reliable for other physical
quantities. Here we demonstrate the dangers of weighting climate models
according to their skill in reproducing historical global-mean surface
temperature using three other climate variables of interest: annual
average precipitation change, regional average temperature change, and
regional average precipitation change. We find that the IPCC’s weighting
scheme leads to an improved prediction of global average precipitation.
However, a different story emerges on regional scales, where we find a
heterogeneous pattern of error reduction in future regional
precipitation. This stands in sharp contrast with the broad regional
pattern of error reduction in future temperature projections, though we
do find some regions where error is not significantly reduced. Our
results demonstrate that practitioners using weighted climate model
ensembles for climate projections must take care, lest they produce
biased climate projections that result from an inappropriate weighting
procedure.