bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Current Aspects of Oral Health Promotion: A Narrative Overview
Authors: Musurlieva Nina , Bozhkova Tanya
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Various models have been described in the literature on how health can be promoted. Most relate to health in general, but the basic principles apply to the same degree to oral health. Oral diseases are largely preventable; but today, there is a limited implementation of the ideas of health promotion in dentistry, due to a philosophy of dentistry focused on a curative and individualized approach to oral diseases.
AIM: The present study aims to outline the current aspects of oral health promotion in dental practice.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted, mainly using PubMed and Embase from 1986 through October 2021, results reviewed, prioritized, and findings compiled. The following search terms were used: “Oral health;” “oral health or oral condition;” “oral health related quality of life;” “health promotion;” and “dental practice.” Thirty-one studies were evaluated for the review.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Oral health promotion is based on the need to change the cognition, motivation, and behavior of the individual aimed at the improvement of oral health and prevention of diseases. This is a challenging goal to achieve. It has been established that the acquisition of knowledge does not necessarily lead to a change in behavior. The current concept of oral health promotion recognizes the importance of the surrounding physical and social environment, lifestyle, individual behavior, and accessibility of health services. The so-called “Approach to the common risk factor” was introduced and established itself. It is based on the fact that many diseases have common predisposing risk factors. The approach to the general risk factor justifies dental professionals for the development of multidisciplinary partnerships. This makes it possible to prevent various illnesses more efficiently and cost-effectively than by just focusing on one specific disease.
CONCLUSIONS: The concept of health promotion needs to be popularized and established as an effective practice for improving public health, both among the general public and among the medical community. The imposition of a promotional approach in dental practice requires interdisciplinary cooperation with other health professionals and the limitation of the curative one.
Aider les migrants en Russie : retours d’expérience de deux activistes originaires d’Asie centrale. Entretiens avec Zarnigor Omonillaeva et Karimdzhon Yorov
Authors: Cleuziou Juliette
Published: February 2023

Dans cet entretien croisé, deux activistes originaires d’Asie centrale, Zarnigor Omonillaeva et Karimdzhon Yorov, reviennent sur leurs parcours à la fois en tant que migrants et militants des droits humains spécialisés dans le soutien aux migrants en Russie. À partir de leur expérience, ils décrivent les conditions de vie, de travail, de décès et de rapatriement des migrants centrasiatiques, y compris durant la pandémie de COVID-19. Celles-ci sont rendues difficiles du fait de l’opacité des institutions et des politiques migratoires russes, de l’hostilité de la population entretenue au niveau étatique, face auxquelles le faible investissement des pays d’origine offre peu de protection. En réponse à cela, la sphère de l’aide aux migrants se structure depuis plus de deux décennies. Elle est composée d’un grand nombre d’acteurs (institutions étatiques russes et des pays d’origine, associations de soutien, organisations informelles ethniques ou villageoises, juristes et avocats spécialisés, etc.) qui se connaissent et parfois se forment les uns les autres — et ce, malgré la campagne que mène le gouvernement russe contre ces organisations depuis quelques années.
Les expériences politiques de l’absence : le processus de subjectivation de proches de disparus par migration en Tunisie
Authors: Stimmatini Sofia
Published: February 2023

Cet article s’intéresse aux expériences politiques de l’absence de familles de harraga tunisiens disparus par migration. Cette contribution s’appuie sur une ethnographie conduite en Tunisie auprès d’associations de proches de disparus et d’échanges à distance avec certaines familles. À travers trois vignettes ethnographiques, l’article montre comment les faits d’exposer son propre corps et des photos de disparus, de traduire les mots d’une autre mère, et de prendre la parole en public construisent le processus de subjectivation politique qui remet en question l’identité des proches qui se mobilisent. Ceci modifie la perception que les acteurs ont d’eux-mêmes et de la relation qu’ils entretiennent avec les disparus. L’action collective et l’engagement politique font des mères et des épouses des harraga disparus des sujets politiques impliqués au nom de la liberté de circulation de tous les individus.
Cyber Wars and Cyber Threats Against Mobile Devices
Authors: Kayabaş Hamza , Tuna Gurkan
Published: February 2023

In recent years, the electronic device that has been used and bought the most by the consumers is mobile devices. Recently, there has been a significant increase in cyber crimes committed using mobile devices. It has been seen that this situation has become more critical with the widespread use of mobile devices in society, and it is of great importance to take some precautions. Unlike traditional crimes, detecting and analyzing these types of crimes requires special and technical knowledge. The detection of crimes committed using mobile devices is possible with the evidence obtained in accordance with the procedure. Therefore, in this study, a forensic analysis process in which data in a mobile device has been accessed and extracted using UFED 4PC mobile forensic software, and the acquired data has been analyzed using cellebrite physical analyzer has been carried out. As the analysis shows, these software-based tools can be used to extract mobile device data and analyze mobile devices with different brands, models, and operating systems.
Cyberwarfare
Authors: Asbaş Caner , Erdem Tuzlukaya Şule
Published: February 2023

With today's changes in war doctrines, the areas where war is undertaken are highly diversified, in addition to the traditional land, air and, sea classifications. One of these areas is cyberspace, where all the activities are waged in this field by exploiting the advantages such as accessibility, availability, cheapness, convenience, anonymity, independence from distance and defense – attack asymmetry called cyberwarfare. Cyberwarfare is the use of cyberattacks by a state or an organization to cause harm to another state's or organization's computer information systems, computer networks and computer infrastructures in the context of warfare. The rationale behind these objectives is similar to other types of warfare, as cyberwarfare is both a dimension of actual warfare and stand-alone war area. In this chapter, cyberwarfare and related phenomena will be extensively discussed.
Empirical Study of Exporting a University Curriculum
Authors: Strang Kenneth David , Vajjhala Narasimha Rao
Published: February 2023

Amidst unethical behavior scandals surrounding admissions and profit strategies of Western universities, stakeholders must wonder if exporting an American curriculum into developing nations will result in effective domestic student learning. The COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic interjected an additional unexpected constraint for higher education stakeholders, particularly for practitioners who were forced to move complex lab-based information system (IS) programming courses online for students in developing nations. The research question examined in this study was, would learning be effective in an American-African university partnership involving IS bachelor degree courses taught online to undergraduate African students during the pandemic? Hypotheses were developed from the peer-reviewed scholarly literature and tested using inferential statistics. Three pedagogy factors—design content, active engagement, and vocational motivation—along with demographic and experimental control factors were regressed on student learning using parametric statistical techniques.
Kinect Body Sensor Technology-Based Quantitative Assessment Method for Basketball Teaching
Authors: Wang Youyang
Published: February 2023

Emphasizing the process and neglecting the end is the core idea of the research and implementation of college physical education learning and assessment, while the performance is the main form of evaluation results. This paper takes the quantitative assessment of basketball teaching as an example and proposes a new Kinect body sensor technology-based quantitative assessment method for basketball teaching. Specifically, for basketball technology recognition and assessment tasks, the Kinect body sensor is first used to collect volunteer's 3D skeleton motion data, then feeding the collected skeleton sequence to the vision transformer network to model the long-distance dependency. And based on this, the skeleton motion recognition network and skeleton motion assessment network are developed. The experimental results show that the proposed networks can well recognize and quantitatively assess the standard and non-standard basketball skill motions.
An Effective Volleyball Trajectory Estimation and Analysis Method With Embedded Graph Convolution
Authors: Huang Guanghui
Published: February 2023

Volleyball trajectory prediction and analysis based on deep learning has become a hot topic in sports video research. However, due to a large amount of calculation in video processing and the fast speed of volleyball movement with the target scale changing rapidly, these challenges lead to low performance. To this end, this paper proposes an effectively variant YOLOv4 framework to predict and analyze the volleyball trajectory based on video sequences. In the proposed framework, the authors adopt the pre-trained YOLOv4 to select some proposal regions with a high confidence score. Then, the authors embed graph convolution to effectively aggregate deep features. Moreover, to improve the detection and localization capacity of small targets, they introduce a new loss function by modeling the target area with Gaussian distribution. The experimental results show that the proposed framework can effectively prompt the performance of volleyball detection.
Wearable Device-Based Intelligent Patrol Inspection System Design and Implementation
Authors: Jin Chengming , Tong Donghui
Published: February 2023

The traditional on-site operation of power stations includes inspection and maintenance. However, it heavily relies on experience for maintenance. Most on-site operation and maintenance data are text records. On the one hand, the data processing is tedious for experience to affect the safe on-site operation. On the other hand, we usually cannot give full consideration to the value of maintenance experience, so that the corresponding efficiency is very low. Therefore, this paper proposes a wearable device based remote and intelligent patrol inspection system that uses the cloud video transmission mode of both public and private clouds to realize the video connection between the power stations and the remote diagnosis center and uses the wearable devices for real experience. In this way, the authors can simulate real operation guidance and safety supervision, etc. so as to realize the remote management patrol operations, improve the fault detection efficiency, and improve equipment reliability.
Smart Sports Outward Bound Training Assistant System Based on WSNs
Authors: Zang Jiali
Published: February 2023

The outward-bound training has been a popular manner to exercise in daily life. However, there lacks an intelligent assistant system to monitor the real-time status of users to avoid accidents during training. In order to fill this gap, this paper established an intelligent system to monitor fatigue status during outward-bound training by using surface electromyography (sEMG) signals. The system consists of three parts: a wearable device, edge node, and cloud server. First, the wearable device collects sEMG signals. Second, the edge node processes the collected sEMG signals and sends the sEMG signal features to the cloud server. Finally, the cloud server returns the results to edge node according to a stored classification model that learnt from massive historical sEMG signals. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed system.
Resource scheduling scheme for 5G mmWave CP‐OFDM based wireless networks with delay and power allocation optimizations
Authors: Ferreira Marcus Vinícius G. , Vieira Flávio H. T. , Cardoso Alisson A.
Published: February 2023

In this paper, to optimize the average delay and power allocation (PA) for system users, we propose a resource scheduling scheme for wireless networks based on Cyclic Prefix Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CP‐OFDM) according to the first fifth‐generation standards. For delay minimization, we solve a throughput maximization problem that considers CP‐OFDM systems with carrier aggregation (CA). Regarding PA, we consider an approach that involves maximizing goodput using an effective signal‐to‐noise ratio. An algorithm for jointly solving delay minimization through computation of required user rates and optimizing the power allocated to users is proposed to compose the resource allocation approach. In wireless network simulations, we consider a scenario with the following capabilities: CA, 256‐Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, millimeter waves above 6 GHz, and a radio frame structure with 120 KHz spacing between the subcarriers. The performance of the proposed resource allocation algorithm is evaluated and compared with those of other algorithms from the literature using computational simulations in terms of various Quality of Service parameters, such as the throughput, delay, fairness index, and loss rate.
Halloysite-Magnesium Silicate Composites as Adsorbent for Removal of Methylene Blue and Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solution
Authors: Jeon Junyeong , Jeon Jong-Rok , Shin Seung Gu , Lee Younki
Published: February 2023

Objectives : The thermal stability of halloysite and magnesium silicate is discussed in terms of microstructural change and adsorption behavior to optimize their composite as an absorbent for methylene blue (MB) and heavy metal ions removal from an aqueous solution.Methods : Halloysite-magnesium silicate tubular composites with high adsorption capacity of methylene blue and heavy metal ions were prepared with extrusion and consequent firing. To define the firing temperature of the tubular media, the microstructure and the adsorption equilibrium characterized the thermal stability of halloysite and magnesium silicateResults and Discussion : The magnesium silicate used in this study shows broad peaks in x-ray diffraction; however, the treatment of 750℃ induces its crystallization. The specific surface area of the magnesium silicate is also gradually decreased along with the firing temperature increase. No significant degradation in methylene blue adsorption capacity for magnesium silicate is observed until 500℃-treatment. However, the higher firing temperature reduces the capacity: 6.9%P, 27.3%P, and 91.2%P decrease for 600℃, 700℃, and 750℃, respectively. Regardless of heat treatment, the Langmuir isotherm equation represents the adsorption equilibria well compared to the Freundlich model. The tubular media of the halloysite – 30 wt% of magnesium silicate fired at 600℃ exhibits a high specific surface area of 115 m2 g-1 and a relative porosity of 43.5%. Compared to the halloysite-only tubular media, the adsorption capacity of the composites is significantly improved with the incorporation of magnesium silicate. The adsorption capacity of 168h for methylene blue is more than tripled, 29.8 mg g-1, and the adsorption capacity of Cr(III), Cu(II), and Zn(II) is also greatly enhanced by more than 4.8 times.Conclusion : The thermal stability of magnesium silicate is investigated for use as an additive adsorbent in terms of the microstructure and the adsorption capacity. Even at 600℃ of the firing temperature, magnesium silicate shows a higher specific surface area and higher adsorption capacity of MB compared to those of the halloysite; the adsorption fits well into Langmuir behavior. The addition of magnesium silicate into the halloysite media significantly enhances its adsorption capacity for MB and heavy metal ions such as Cr(III), Cu(II), and Zn(II).
Development of Forecasting Model for Machine Learning-Based Landfill Leachate Generation Using Linear Interpolation
Authors: Choi In-Ha , Cha Kyeong-Hwan , Kim Kyung-Min , Ahn Johng-Hwa
Published: February 2023

Objectives:The purpose of this study is to compare single models according to the missing value handling techniques for predicting leachate generation.Methods:Input factors such as landfill gas generation, and weather data (precipitation, wind speed, radiation, temperature, and relative humidity) were used from June 2002 to October 2018. Linear interpolation and mean method were used as the missing value handling technique. The experiment was conducted by dividing the data into train and test data according to the optimal ratio. Various single models were used, and the prediction performance of the model was compared and evaluated using coefficient of determination (R2).Results and Discussion:The gated recurrent unit (GRU) model was the best among the single models. In the GRU model, R2 was 0.867 for linear interpolation and R2 was 0.839 for the mean method, so that the GRU model using linear interpolation was most suitable for predicting leachate generation. In the ANN model, R2 of linear interpolation (0.862) was higher than that of mean method (0.828). In the long short-term memory (LSTM) model, R2 was 0.779 for linear interpolation and 0.762 for mean method. In the random forest (RF) model, R2 for linear interpolation (0.700) was also higher than that for the mean method (0.665). The model performance was excellent in the order GRU>ANN>LSTM>RF. The linear interpolation for the missing value handling technique was superior to the mean method in all models used in this experiment.Conclusion:The GRU using linear interpolation was the most suitable model for predicting landfill leachate generation.
A study on the Characteristics of HAPs in Residential areas affected by Industrial Complex using SIFT-MS
Authors: Choi Imjo , Lee Dongwook , Tak Kyunghak , Jo Jeongho
Published: February 2023

Objectives:The purpose of this study is to provide basic data so that the emission sources of industrial complexes can be effectively managed through a characteristic study of hazardous air pollutants in residential areas adjacent to the national industrial complex in Ulsan.Methods:In Yaeum-dong, a residential area near the industrial complex, SIFT-MS, which enables real-time continuous measurement, was used to identify the characteristics of VOCs and odorous substances.Results and Discussion:When looking at the concentrations by chemical substance group, aliphatic hydrocarbons accounted for a significant portion, showing different characteristics from other large cities. This indicates that the Yaeum-dong area is directly affected by the emission source of the nearby petrochemical complex. As an individual substance, ammonia showed the highest concentration among HAPs. Seasonal HAPs concentrations generally tended to be high in summer and low in winter. When examining concentrations by time of day, it showed characteristics of industrial areas affected by VOCs scattered and volatilized in national industrial complexes. In addition, it was confirmed that the characteristics of urban areas appearing in general metropolitan traffic congestion zones appeared at the same time. Compared with the results of other previous studies, in general, there was no significant difference in concentrations from the results of measurements in residential areas near petrochemical complexes. And it showed a much lower concentrations than the measured value in industrial complex. As a result of CPF analysis for estimating the source of pollutants, most HAPs showed high concentrations in the south wind direction, indicating that the measurement point was affected by the industrial complex.Conclusion:As a result of the study on the characteristics of HAPs in residential areas near the industrial complex, it can be estimated that both characteristics appear in industrial and urban areas.
Information Extraction from Unstructured Data on Microplastics through Text Mining
Authors: Jeong Wuseong , Kim JungJin , Jeong Hanseok
Published: February 2023

Objectives:In this study, we seek to provide a thorough insight into how people perceive microplastics and uncover issues and hidden trends about the significant microplastic pollution problems by analyzing unstructured data on microplastics.Methods:Environmental news articles related to microplastics were collected. Text mining techniques including data pre-processing, word cloud, TF-IDF weight-based trend analysis, and LDA topic modeling were used to analyze the amount of textual data.Results and Discussion:The public's interest in microplastics is consistently growing, according to an analysis of all environmental news and the keyword ‘microplastic’ from 2014 to 2021 conducted via BIGKinds. The keyword 'trash' was the overwhelmingly enormous weight among words. The top 5 keywords connected to microplastics did not fade away and continued appearing even though the socially noticeable keywords during the study period varied yearly. This indicates that the primary issue with microplastics related to keywords has not yet been solved. Our study has a limitation of subject diversity because we only focused on microplastic news. The results, however, presented all processes from plastic pollution emergence to treatment, such as microplastic pollution sources, microplastic detection, and prevention methods against microplastics.Conclusion:Text mining analysis was performed on microplastics in environmental news and provided issues and trends on microplastic pollution. This study presents a new methodology for environmental and social problem analysis, suggesting that it could enable a multidimensional understanding of environmental problems and help establish environmental policies.
A Study on Paldang Reservoir Water Quality Improvement Effect by Pollutant Source Location Regulation Using Watershed-Reservoir Integrated Prediction
Authors: Oh Heesang , Rhee Han-Pil , Cho Seong Jin , Lee Sang-Woo , Hwang Ha Sun
Published: February 2023

Objectives:Since the enactment of the 「Han-River Watershed Act」, comprehensive analysis about direct and indirect contributions and effects of various environmental policies and water quality improvement projects for the preservation of water quality in the Han-River watershed is insufficient. Especially, effect of pollutant source location regulation should be inferred and estimated through model prediction because it does not exist unregulated conditions. As development pressure in non-urban areas near the metropolitan area is increasing, it is necessary to analyze the effects of pollutant source location regulation.Methods:In this study, average pollutant density of Gangwon-do, Gyeonggi-do, and Chungcheongbuk-do, where the regulation areas located, and average pollutant density of water source management areas were compared and analyzed. After that changes in pollutant sources in regulation areas were estimated by assuming load of pollutant sources in unregulated areas that load of pollutant sources in regulation areas. Since many reservoirs are located in Han-river watershed, it is difficult to simulate the water quality of Paldang reservoir using only watershed model, BASINS/WinHSPF and EFDC-WASP were linked. Through this, change in water quality of Paldang Lake was tried to predict when the pollutant location regulation was not implemented, and to analyze the effect of the pollutant location regulation.Results and Discussion:Water quality improvement of Paldang reservoir was evaluated by applying the discharge load when the pollution source location regulation was not implemented to the calibrated model. As a result of the pollution source location regulation, discharge load in the location regulation area was analyzed to reduce by 53.90% and T-P by 48.58%, and the BOD and T-P improvement effect of Paldang Dam was analyzed 6.77% and T-P 6.62%. Since the water quality improvement effect of Paldang Lake is accumulated to the entire upstream, it is evaluated relatively less than pollutant load reducing effect.Conclusion:It was analyzed that pollutiont source location regulation has water quality improvement effect, despite the small area which only located in near Paldang reservoir compared to the total area of the Han-River watershed.
An Improved GAIN-Based Model for Image Imputation
Authors:   Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Nouakchott, Mauritania, Sadegh Rifaa , Mohameden Ahmed , LemineSalihi Mohamed , Nanne Mohamedade Farouk
Published: February 2023

Missing data represent a main issue having a considerable impact not only on the inference quality but also on the prediction relevance. A problem that researchers have constantly tried to solve, ranging from Statistics to Deep Learning through Machine Learning. Recently, a growing interest is being given to Deep Learning models and particularly to Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) given their interesting performance and their adaptability to various scenarios. In this paper, we propose an improvement of Generative Adversarial Imputation Nets (GAIN) which is one of the main GAN-based models having proved its worth in image imputation. The results found confirm the proposed improvement efficiency.
A Generalized Data-Driven Modelling for COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak: Jordan Case Study
Authors:   Princess Sumaya University for Technology. Amman, Jordan.2American University of Madaba. Amman, Jordan, Salameh Walid A. , Surakhi Ola M. , Alhaol Ibrahim Abu , Fung Pak Lun , AlKhanafseh Mohammad , Hussein Tareq
Published: February 2023

The explosion of the COVID-19 pandemic shows the limitations of the existing healthcare system in handling health emergencies. Innovative technologies like artificial intelligence and mathematical modelling can play an essential role in effective planning operations for fighting coronavirus pandemic. In this paper, a comparison between the mathematical model performance for forecasting the number of positive cases in Jordan and three data-driven models is performed to provide more insight on the appropriate model that can be utilized for COVID-19 disease spreading analysis. Our finding shows that both types of models can assess disease-spreading research. Including more factors in the forecasting process can increase the complexity of mathematical model analysis. On the other hand, the datadriven models and mechanisms will be more appropriate for this purpose. However, much work is still needed to capture more factors in the modelling process and provide a reliable solution for stopping this pandemic
Felson and Cohens` Routine Activity Theory and Waves of Kidnapping in Nigeria A Theoretical Exploration of Criminal Enterprise
Authors: Abdullahi Haruna Ishola , Fasoranti Olayiwola Oluwajenyo , Abrifor Chiedu Akporaro
Published: February 2023

Kidnapping is a global issue that affects every aspect of human endeavour. This violent crime is linked to wide spread unemployment, poor governance, border insecurity, illegal possession of arms and ammunitions. Kidnapping for ransom has consequences for global peace and security. In Nigeria, kidnapping creates apprehension in almost all spheres of human endeavors. It leads to loss of lives and properties, death, loss of investment, reduced educational standard and diversion of government from critical areas. The previous studies have not been able to deal with this area. To address inadequate literature on kidnapping and improve on the body of knowledge, this study addresses Marcus Felson routine activity and waves of kidnapping. The study adopts qualitative research method. Data was obtained secondarily through the content analysis of peer-reviewed journals, edited book chapters, newspaper reports and credible online sources. Findings show kidnappers who were the motivated offenders, adopted their victims because of adequate protection. The paper recommends adequate electronic security by government at all levels. This paper will be significant to individuals, employers, security organizations, government at various levels, non-governmental organizations and researcher’s in the field of social and management sciences.
Perception of Teachers Regarding the Relationship of Modern Video Games on Life Skills of Primary Level Students in the Private Schools of Karachi
Authors: Bilwani Sana , Ali Naina Hassan
Published: February 2023

The integration of video games into education boosts the engagement of the students, motivation, and learning levels. The aim of the research is to analyse the perception of teachers regarding the relationship between modern video games and life skills of primary level students in private sector of Pakistan. This study is an endeavour to enrich the literature on the influence of modern video games on primary children's education in the private sector of Pakistan. This study sheds light on how challenges in video games directly impact the learning of the students. This research flourishes a comprehensive understanding of the role of video games in improving the academic performance of students belonging to primary classes. A quantitative research design is deemed to be appropriate for this study as there are two variables involved that need to be analysed. To this end, a survey has been carried out with 67 teachers belonging to different schools in Karachi. The outcomes of the research indicated that video games help children in enhancing their problem-solving skills as well as creativity. The findings of the research revealed that video games play an important role in enhancing the technical skills of the student. In addition, the outcomes affirmed that video games play an important role in the education of the children.
Content Analysis of Training Program for Secondary Schools’ Heads A Case of Provincial Institution of Teacher Education Peshawar
Authors: Ahmad Shahji , Mehmood Khalid , Junaid Muhammad
Published: February 2023

Considering secondary education as a turning phase in students’ educational life, it is given due importance. In this phase, students are supposed to plan their careers. This paper aimed to evaluate the content used for the training program conducted by the Provincial Institution of Teacher Education (PITE) Peshawar for secondary schools’ heads. The data collected using a survey method targeting the trainee heads of secondary schools and resource persons of the training programs. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the collected data. The findings of the study revealed that content of training program was well organized, up to date, relevant to the needs of heads, interesting, useful to their current job and were in line with the training objectives. There is no need to revise the content of training program. However, there found little involvement of the resource persons in the development of training content. It was recommended that in order for content to be effective and provincial training institutions to be successful, resource persons must be involved in the content development process of training program of heads of secondary schools; moreover, IT to be included in such content.
Relationships of Adult Siblings with Intellectually Challenged Children Their Roles and Responsibilities
Authors: Khan Dania , Berlas Faryal , Soherwardy Asif
Published: February 2023

There is very little research done in Pakistan on adult sibling relationships, despite of the importance these relationships have in the life of children with intellectual challenges. Thus, the purpose of this qualitative research was to investigate the perceptions of adult siblings about “intellectual disability" and the roles and responsibilities they perceive for their intellectually challenged younger siblings. Data were obtained through semi structured interviews from 5 participants including 5 adult siblings of 3 children with intellectual challenges. The adult siblings in the study reflected caregiving roles and supporting roles. They perceived that they have educational, parental and financial responsibilities toward their intellectually challenged siblings. The study also revealed the existence of conflicts among siblings due to the behavioral issues of intellectually challenged siblings, maternal attention, and the birth order. The study indicated a strong new for rising awareness among siblings of intellectually disabled children regarding the strategies to cope up with the existing siblings related issues in families of intellectually challenged children. The research also provides directions for future research in the area.
Effect of Time-of-Day on Learning of Mathematics A Case of Secondary Schools in Karachi
Authors: Danish S. M. , John Stephen , Latif Qehrman
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to determine the effect of time of day on learning Mathematics by examining the optimal time of day to teach mathematics in a high school setting. Using a quantitative study, the data was gathered from high school students in Karachi-based schools. Classroom polls were used to obtain data for this research study. The sample included high school students, currently enrolled in VII grade (sections E and F). The school was associated with the Aga Khan Board. The findings of the study revealed a statistically significant relationship between time-of-day and the learning achievements of students and students’ performance in mathematics. As students learn more efficiently when they are taught and graded during their preferred time of day; therefore, it is recommended that parents and school management should pay attention on the students’ preferred learning timing.
Politics in Balochistan Nationalists, AIML, British and Congress, 1929-1947
Authors: Iqbal Kashif
Published: February 2023

Politically, the region of Balochistan has always remained under the volatile situation. Scholars have different opinions regarding the political conditioning of Balochistan. The paper finds what type of political struggle was followed by the political authoritarians of Balochistan that brought political instability in Balochistan. In this regard, the main political actors have been dealt with. Such as the first and foremost was Khan of Kalat along with other nationalist leaders. On the other hand, there would be a discussion on the role and politics of the Muslim League. Apart from these two political actors, there would be a debate on the politics of Congress and the British in Balochistan. It has been tried to make the picture clear that political misery in Balochistan was brought by the main political elite of Balochistan.
Curriculum and History Reflections on the Pakistan Studies Text Books Taught in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Qadir Altaf , Sabeeha Sabeeha
Published: February 2023

Though history as a discipline and historical instances are used for different agendas since centuries, it provided new grounds to ‘nation building’ after the emergence of Nation State in the previous colonies during the 20th century. The academicians and writers started writing and interpreting history to serve ‘national interests’ and promote ‘national sense’. Each State tried to sort out common features in the different ethnic and social groups living in that political boundary. The creation of Pakistan in August 1947 was a sort of unique experience when Islam was used as a common factor to unite heterogeneous ethnic entities. The ideological fathers, with the colonial legacy of identity crisis tried to promote common features for the Pakistani Nation. For this purpose, the new state managers formed different commissions which provided guidelines for textbooks writing. The successive governments followed the policy which developed ‘historical content’ in all textbooks for ‘constructing image’ of different individuals, institutions and creeds. This ‘insertion’ in textbooks might have some positive impact in promoting ‘Pakistani nation’ but the process culminated in alienation of multiple ethnicities on one hand and use of historical accounts as a propaganda tool on the other hand. The present paper is an attempt to scrutinize the historical content in the textbooks of Pakistan Studies taught at secondary level in public schools in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The scrutiny would be dealing with two aspects: a) authenticity of the material; b) presentation. The paper would cover textbooks for grade 9 and 10, published by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa textbook board.
A Historical Study of the Social and Political Movements of Muslims in Poonch State, Jammu And Kashmir against Dogra Raj (1846-1947)
Authors: Jahangir Amar , Shah Syed Akmal Hussain
Published: February 2023

The history of Jammu and Kashmir describes that Poonch State has always been significant position in this region. The social and political history of the state of Jammu and Kashmir is full of regional prejudice. In the political and social history of Jammu and Kashmir, the status of social and political movements in Poonch state was not given the honor as it deserved. Historically, the residents of Poonch state always struggled and raised their voice against the Dogra Raj for their rights. The discriminatory and unfair policies of the Dogra Raj forced the Muslims to start social and political movements in the Poonch state at various times to get their rights. The present study is limited to the social and political movements against unjust actions and injustices during Dogra Raj in Poonch state. The objective of this study is to highlight the importance and role of social and political movements of Muslims in Poonch state of Jammu and Kashmir. In this study, the primary and the secondary data is used to bring out the facts.
Premier Islamic State to Providing Health Care Services for Citizens in Bahawalpur State, British India 1867-1947 & 55 An Analytical Study
Authors: Ahmad Saeed , Khushnud K. , Ali Imran
Published: February 2023

The aim of the study to highlight the Services the Nawabs of Bahawalpur; State BWP; possess Princely status in British India from 1748-1947; it was largest state in top five in Subcontinent. Geographically; BWP State located in Rajashtan Painesville among 18 other Non-Muslim States. It was situated in North-West part of India & South of Pakistan. State BWP had a glorious history with its popular Nawabs. From 1748-1947 State BWP ruled by twelve Nawabs, who contributed whole heartedly for development & welfare of the State. All Nawabs were visionary & led the State at new climax. Like others predecessor, in 1867; a new era of medical field begins in State. Nawab adopted modern method for the natives & provided the best health services in Subcontinent. In this regard; State BWP established multiple Dispensaries & Hospitals. State BWP initiated the projects to cater the needs of region including urban & rural. Moreover; British Doctors were appointed in the State on better privilege.
Weaponising Social Media, Mental Health and Surveillance Capitalism Another Side of the Coin
Authors: Chaudhary Adnan Ali , Ayub Umer , Riaz Ahsan , Mirza Farhan , Latif Sadaf
Published: February 2023

Individuals, executives lived experiences, and subjective information about every single action (ethical concern) you take is cautiously monetized and corroborated; false conspiracy theories and fake news, like various coronavirus thoughts, blow six times faster over social media is one of the practical case points as weaponizing social media and polarization, propaganda. These cosmetic modifications are tremendously popular among teenagers; plastic practitioners have underlined a new and unique syndrome for it. Persuasive Technology means everything we know about the psychology of what persuades people and builds that into a technological business attention extraction model to manipulate human behaviour for growth hacking. The term surveillance capitalism, explored by Twitter executives, says people must know everything online is being observed, pursued, and calculated. The former Twitter executive worked as senior vice president of engineering Tim Kendall (2021); members left Google in June (2017) due to ethical concerns. Positively, these sites have brought back together lost family members. They have sought out organ givers and saved lives. An expressive, systemic variation up-to-the-minute around the globe because of these platforms, but there is another side to see. This enquiry sheds light on the linkage between weaponizing social media, mental health and surveillance.
Corruption, Governance, and Government Revenue
Authors: Hussain Tariq , Maitlo Saba , Raza-ul-Mustafa Ahmed , Mujahid Hira
Published: February 2023

This study analyzes the complex relationship between corruption, governance, and government revenue. It explores some of the collective influence approaches to corruption and Governance on Government revenue. The panel data of ninety-six countries from 2005 to 2020 is being collected from the Corruption perception index (CPI), World development indicator (WDI), and worldwide Governance indicators (WGI). For the analysis, panel data fixed effect and D&K technique is used among corruption, governance, and Government revenue. The findings show that corruption significantly and negatively affects government revenue, while governance significantly and positively impacts government revenue. So, the government needs to improve the governance quality to enhance the tax revenue and control the corruption level in the economy.
Absurdism in Kafka’s A Hunger Artist
Authors: Bhutto Preh Ashfaq , Habib Zehra , Laghari Tania
Published: February 2023

Albert Camus’ philosophy of the Absurd has been used as one of the many interpretative dialogues for Franz Kafka’s literary works, particularly his short story, A Hunger Artist. This paper explored the various facets of absurdism described in The Myth of Sisyphus and connects it with the short story by arguing that A Hunger Artist has more to reveal than its narrative content. Examining the similarities and differences between Camus’ Sisyphus and the protagonist of A Hunger Artist, helps produce absurdist interpretations of the text. The question of finding meaning in an indifferent universe and the predicament of being wedged in an endless loop of a monotonous cycle of life is explored until the very end of the short story. The dilemma of the protagonist, the disillusionment with society fused with the complicated reality of the human condition are all elements present in A Hunger Artist that help identify existentialism through fiction. When seen through the absurdist perspective, the hunger artist stands as a figure, depicting the disunity between man and the universe, and the internal and external conflict between the rational and irrational in an unresponsive universe. Analysing this fiction through the philosophy of absurdism generates significant standpoints that bring forth the author’s individual reasoning as a consolation to the questioning, existentialist mind.
Exploring Cheating Behavior of College Students in Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Abro Abdul Ahad , Bhatti Inayatullah , Jalbani Junaid Ali
Published: February 2023

An explorative survey was conducted in Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan, to find the cheating behaviour of college students. To get admission to noble universities, fifty-eight per cent of students use unfair means to get higher grades. Moreover, students adopt cheating behaviour to please their parents. Resultantly fifty-five per cent of students go for cheating to a great extent. Eighty respondents were purposively sampled, from which sixty male and twenty female pre-engineering, pre-medical, commerce and arts and humanities students were examined. Questionnaires were used to collect the data and analyzed through the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Pearson correlation revealed that academic anxiety motivates college students to use unfair means in their educational institutions.
IMPACTS OF URBANISATION ON ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE OF ZIRO VALLEY, ARUNACHAL PRADESH
Authors: Mondal Tanmoy , Tripathy Biplab
Published: February 2023

Urbanization is a process of growth of cities and town; which is directly linked to the degradation of environmental quality and the quality of water, air and noise. Ziro valley, the place has an imposing landscape of beautiful lush green forest, rivulets, and elevated patches. It is famous for paddy cum pisciculture cultivation. The area is renowned for the terrace paddy fields where the unique system of poly- culture and water management is practiced by local people. But due to rapidly increase of urban area in Ziro valley, the environment become changed day by day. The purpose of the paper is to present the effects on environment due to urbanization in Apatani society in Ziro valley of Lower Subansiri district of Arunachal Pradesh. There are several areas where urbanization has affected along with environment settings. The induced of development of urbanization which is affected on the balance of the ecosystem in the valley portion. The study based on secondary data, satellite image, photography etc. and primary sources, the study area map has prepared through QGIS
DELIVERING RESULTS IN FIGHTING COVID-19 THROUGH STRENGTHENED RCCE IN BANGLADESH
Authors: Gupta Deepak , Narain Jai P. , Hassan Mohammad  Badrul
Published: February 2023

The first COVID-19 (Disease caused due to SARS-CoV-2) case was detected in Bangladesh on 8 March 2020. The country has already accounted for over 29,127 deaths and over 1.95 million laboratory tested positive cases across the country as of 27th April, 2022. The COVID-19 pandemic continues to pose a major public health challenge with equally serious health and economic consequences. Not only has the health impact, the ongoing pandemic also demarcated clear lines between human-lives and livelihoods. Scientific community, with its relentless efforts, developed multiple vaccines and ‘repurposed’ clinical treatments for the COVID19; yet, the vaccination against this pathogen continues to throw a huge challenge of low uptake in many regions across the world, though Bangladesh has been relatively successful in giving wide vaccine coverage through relentless Risk Communication and Community Engagement (RCCE) strategies. It is widely acknowledged that this pandemic is primarily a ‘behavioural practices’ issue, both at individual and at community levels. Although there will always be a few hard-core ‘laggards’ who defy acceptance of any positive change. The outrage of the ‘infodemic’ (spread of misinformation during pandemic) is gaining currency especially through social media and digital space.
RIVERS OF RAJASTHAN: A CARTOGRAPHIC PRESENTATION AND ASSESSMENT OF THEIR CONDITION
Authors: Ram Balak .
Published: February 2023

Abstract: Based on the interpretation of all the Survey of India topographical sheets of Rajasthan on 1:50,000 scale and Google Earth Images, basin wise a total of 455 rivers are identified and mapped and flow charts are prepared. Basin wise water resources development & planning documents are consulted to find out their characteristics, problems and potentials. Chambal, Mahi and Luni basins have good network of rivers. A large number of small rivers/nallah originating from low hills and uplands, are lost in sandy/alluvial plains. Overall unwarranted human activities are sole responsible for deterioration of river condition. Encroachment over river bed for agriculture and habitation is common where river passes through alluvium or sandy plain. This happened particularly in Sabi, Banganga, Shekhawati and Ruparail basins. Here large stretches of river have lost their existence. Other menace are: river sand mining; discharge of sewage and industrial effluents; dumping mining waste and slurry of marble, sandstone and granite processing units. Large scale mining activities have blocked natural drainage system and reduced free flow of rainwater in rivers. Suggestions are given to improve the river condition and increase water yield.