Mapping local patterns of childhood overweight and wasting in low- and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2017
Authors:   LBD Double Burden of Malnutrition Collaborators, Kinyoki Damaris K. , Ross Jennifer M. , Lazzar-Atwood Alice , Munro Sandra B. , Schaeffer Lauren E. , Abbasalizad-Farhangi Mahdieh , Abbasi Masoumeh , Abbastabar Hedayat , Abdelalim Ahmed , Abdoli Amir , Abdollahi Mohammad , Abdollahpour Ibrahim , Abdulkader Rizwan Suliankatchi , Abebe Nebiyu Dereje , Abebo Teshome Abuka , Abegaz Kedir Hussein , Abolhassani Hassan , Abreu Lucas Guimarães , Abrigo Michael R. M. , Abushouk Abdelrahman I. , Accrombessi Manfred Mario Kokou , Acharya Dilaram , Adabi Maryam , Adebiyi Akindele Olupelumi , Adedeji Isaac Akinkunmi , Adekanmbi Victor , Adeoye Abiodun Moshood , Adetokunboh Olatunji O. , Adham Davoud , Aduroja Posi Emmanuel , Advani Shailesh M. , Afarideh Mohsen , Aghaali Mohammad , Agrawal Anurag , Ahmad Tauseef , Ahmadi Keivan , Ahmadi Sepideh , Ahmed Muktar Beshir , Ahmed Rushdia , Ajumobi Olufemi , Akal Chalachew Genet , Akalu Temesgen Yihunie , Akinyemiju Tomi , Akombi Blessing , Al-Aly Ziyad , Alam Samiah , Alamene Genet Melak , Alanzi Turki M. , Rabanal Jacqueline Elizabeth Alcalde , Alema Niguse Meles , Ali Beriwan Abdulqadir , Ali Muhammad , Alijanzadeh Mehran , Alinia Cyrus , Alipour Vahid , Alizade Hesam , Aljunid Syed Mohamed , Almasi Afshin , Almasi-Hashiani Amir , Al-Mekhlafi Hesham M. , Al-Raddadi Rajaa M. , Altirkawi Khalid , Alvis-Guzman Nelson , Alvis-Zakzuk Nelson J. , Amare Azmeraw T. , Amegah Adeladza Kofi , Amini Saeed , Rarani Mostafa Amini , Amiri Fatemeh , Amit Arianna Maever Loreche , Anber Nahla Hamed , Andrei Catalina Liliana , Ansari Fereshteh , Ansari-Moghaddam Alireza , Anteneh Zelalem Alamrew , Antonio Carl Abelardo T. , Antriyandarti Ernoiz , Anvari Davood , Anwer Razique , Appiah Seth Christopher Yaw , Arabloo Jalal , Arab-Zozani Morteza , Araya Ephrem Mebrahtu , Arefi Zohreh , Aremu Olatunde , Ärnlöv Johan , Arzani Afsaneh , Asadi-Aliabadi Mehran , Asadi-Pooya Ali A. , Asgari Samaneh , Asghari Babak , Ashagre Alebachew Fasil , Asrat Anemaw A. , Ataeinia Bahar , Atalay Hagos Tasew , Atnafu Desta Debalkie , Atout Maha Moh’d Wahbi , Ausloos Marcel , Avokpaho Euripide F. G. A. , Awasthi Ashish , Quintanilla Beatriz Paulina Ayala , Ayanore Martin Amogre , Aynalem Yared A. Asmare , Azadmehr Abbas , Azari Samad , Azarian Ghasem , Azene Zelalem Nigussie , Babaee Ebrahim , Badawi Alaa , Badiye Ashish D. , Bahrami Mohamad Amin , Baig Atif Amin A. , Bakhtiari Ahad , Bakkannavar Shankar M. , Balakrishnan Senthilkumar , Bali Ayele Geleto , Banach Maciej , Banik Palash Chandra , Baradaran-Seyed Zahra , Baraki Adhanom Gebreegziabher , Barboza Miguel A. , Bärnighausen Till Winfried , Barua Lingkan , Basaleem Huda , Basu Sanjay , Bayati Mohsen , Bayih Mulat Tirfie , Baynes Habtamu Wondifraw , Bedi Neeraj , Behzadifar Masoud , Behzadifar Meysam , Bekele Yibeltal Alemu , Bennett Derrick A. , Berbada Dessalegn Ajema , Berhe Kidanemaryam , Berhe Abadi Kidanemariam , Berman Adam E. , Bernstein Robert S. , Bhageerathy Reshmi , Bhandari Dinesh , Bharadwaj Pankaj , Bhattacharjee Natalia V. , Bhattacharyya Krittika , Bijani Ali , Bikbov Boris , Bilano Ver , Bililign Nigus , Sayeed Muhammad Shahdaat Bin , Birara Setognal , Birhane Minuye Biniam Biniam , Birhanu Minyichil , Biswas Raaj Kishore , Bitew Zebenay Workneh , Bogale Kassawmar Angaw , Bohlouli Somayeh , Bolla Srinivasa Rao , Boloor Archith , Borzì Antonio M. , Borzouei Shiva , Brady Oliver J. , Bragazzi Nicola Luigi , Braithwaite Dejana , Briko Nikolay Ivanovich , Britton Gabrielle , Budhathoki Shyam S. , Nagaraja Sharath Burugina , Busse Reinhard , Butt Zahid A. , Cahuana-Hurtado Lucero , Cámera Luis Alberto , Campos-Nonato Ismael R. , Cano Jorge , Car Josip , Cárdenas Rosario , Carrero Juan J. , Carvalho Félix , Castaldelli-Maia João Mauricio , Castañeda-Orjuela Carlos A. , Castro Franz , Cerin Ester , Chansa Collins , Charan Jaykaran , Chatterjee Pranab , Chattu Vijay Kumar , Chauhan Bal Govind , Chavshin Ali Reza , Chehrazi Mohammad , Chichiabellu Tesfaye Yitna , Chin Ken Lee , Christopher Devasahayam J. , Chu Dinh-Toi , Cicuttini Flavia M. , Collison Michael L. , Cork Michael A. , Cormier Natalie , Cortesi Paolo Angelo , Costa Vera M. , Dadi Abel Fekadu Fekadu , Dagnew Baye , Dahlawi Saad M. A. , Damiani Giovanni , Darwish Amira Hamed , Daryani Ahmad , Das Jai K. , Gupta Rajat Das , Dávila-Cervantes Claudio , Davis Weaver Nicole , Leo Diego De , Neve Jan-Walter De , Demeke Feleke Mekonnen , Demis Asmamaw Bizuneh , Demissie Dereje Bayissa , Demoz Gebre Teklemariam , Denova-Gutiérrez Edgar , Deribe Kebede , Desai Rupak , Desalegn Beruk Berhanu , Desalew Assefa , Deshpande Aniruddha , Dey Sagnik , Dharmaratne Samath Dhamminda , Dhillon Preeti , Dhimal Meghnath , Dhungana Govinda Prasad , Nasab Mostafa Dianati , Diaz Daniel , Forooshani Zahra Sadat Dibaji , Dinsa Girmaye Deye , Dipeolu Isaac Oluwafemi , Djalalinia Shirin , Do Hoa Thi , Do Huyen Phuc , Doku Paul Narh , Dorostkar Fariba , Doshmangir Leila , Dubey Manisha , Adema Bereket Duko , Dunachie Susanna J. , Duncan Bruce B. , Cousin Ewerton , Durães Andre R. , Earl Lucas , Leylabadlo Hamed Ebrahimzadeh , Eftekhari Aziz , El Sayed Iman , El Sayed Zaki Maysaa , El Tantawi Maha , Elbarazi Iffat , Elemineh Demelash Abewa , El-Jaafary Shaimaa I. , El-Khatib Ziad , Elsharkawy Aisha , El-Sherbiny Yasser Mohamed , Elyazar Iqbal R. F. , Emamian Mohammad Hassan , Enany Shymaa , Endalew Daniel Adane , Endalifer Melese Linger , Eskandari Khalil , Eskandarieh Sharareh , Esmaeilnejad Saman , Esteghamati Alireza , Etemadi Arash , Etisso Atkilt Esaiyas , Fanzo Jessica , Farahmand Mohammad , Faraj Anwar , Farashi Sajjad , Fareed Mohammad , Farioli Andrea , Faro Andre , Farzadfar Farshad , Farzam Hossein , Fatima Syeda Sadia , Fattahi Nazir , Fauk Nelsensius Klau , Fazaeli Ali Akbar , Fentahun Netsanet , Ferede Tomas Y. , Fereshtehnejad Seyed-Mohammad , Fernandes Eduarda , Fernandes João C. , Feyissa Garumma Tolu , Filip Irina , Fischer Florian , Flohr Carsten , Foigt Nataliya A. , Folayan Morenike Oluwatoyin , Fomenkov Artem Alekseevich , Foroutan Masoud , Förster Jana , Francis Joel Msafiri , Fukumoto Takeshi , Gayesa Reta Tsegaye , Geberemariyam Biniyam Sahiledengle , Gebrehiwot Tsegaye Tewelde , Gebremariam Hadush , Gebremariam Kidane Tadesse , Gebremedhin Ketema Bizuwork Bizuwork , Gebremeskel Gebreamlak Gebremedhn , Gebreslassie Assefa Ayalew Ayalew , Gebretsadik Gebretsadkan G. G. , Gedefaw Getnet Azeze , Geramo Yilma Chisha Dea , Gesesew Hailay Abrha , Geta Birhanu , Getenet Agegnehu Bante , Gezae Kebede Embaye , Ghaffarifar Fatemeh , Ghafourifard Mansour , Ghajar Alireza , Ghajarzadeh Mahsa , Ghashghaee Ahmad , Ghiasvand Hesam , Gholamian Asadollah , Gilani Syed Amir , Gill Tiffany K. , Ginawi Ibrahim Abdelmageed , Goli Srinivas , Gomes Nelson G. M. , Gopalani Sameer Vali , Goudarzi Houman , Goulart Alessandra C. , Govindakarnavar Arunkumar , Grada Ayman , Grivna Michal , Guimarães Rafael Alves , Guled Rashid Abdi , Guo Yuming , Gupta Rahul , Gupta Rajeev , Hafezi-Nejad Nima , Haile Michael Tamene , Haj-Mirzaian Arvin , Haj-Mirzaian Arya , Hall Brian J. , Halvaei Iman , Hamadeh Randah R. , Hamidi Yadollah , Handiso Demelash Woldeyohannes , Hankey Graeme J. , Haririan Hamidreza , Hariyani Ninuk , Hasaballah Ahmed I. , Hasan Md. Mehedi , Hasankhani Milad , Hasanpoor Edris , Hasanzadeh Amir , Hashemian Maryam , Hassanipour Soheil , Hassen Hamid Yimam , Havmoeller Rasmus , Hawkes Corinna , Hayat Khezar , Hayelom Desta Haftu , Heidari Behnam , Heidari-Soureshjani Reza , Hendrie Delia , Henok Andualem , Henry Nathaniel J. , Herrero Mario , Herteliu Claudiu , Heydarpour Fatemeh , de Hidru Hagos D. , Hoang Chi Linh , Hoek Hans W. , Hole Michael K. , Holla Ramesh , Hollerich Gillian , Rad Enayatollah Homaie , Hong Sung Hwi , Hoogar Praveen , Horino Masako , Hossain Naznin , Hosseini Mostafa , Hosseinzadeh Mehdi , Hostiuc Mihaela , Hostiuc Sorin , Househ Mowafa , Hsairi Mohamed , Hu Guoqing , Huda Tanvir M. , Humayun Ayesha , Hwang Bing-Fang , Ibitoye Segun Emmanuel , Ilesanmi Olayinka Stephen , Ilic Milena D. , Imani-Nasab Mohammad Hasan , Inbaraj Leeberk Raja , Iqbal Usman , Irvani Seyed Sina Naghibi , Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful , Iwu Chidozie C. D. , Iwu Chinwe Juliana , Izadi Neda , Jaafari Jalil , Jaca Anelisa , Jadidi-Niaragh Farhad , Balalami Nader Jafari , Jafarinia Morteza , Jahani Mohammad Ali , Jakovljevic Mihajlo , Jalali Amir , Jalilian Farzad , Jayatilleke Achala Upendra , Jeemon Panniyammakal , Jehan Fyezah , Jenabi Ensiyeh , Jha Ravi Prakash , Jha Vivekanand , Ji John S. , Jia Peng , John Oommen , John-Akinola Yetunde O. , Johnson Kimberly B. , Jonas Jost B. , Joseph Nitin , Joukar Farahnaz , Jozwiak Jacek Jerzy , Jungari Suresh Banayya , Jürisson Mikk , Kabir Ali , Kabir Zubair , Kahsay Amaha , Kahssay Molla , Kalani Hamed , Kalankesh Leila L. , Kalhor Rohollah , Kamiab Zahra , Kanchan Tanuj , Kapil Umesh , Kapoor Neeti , Karami Manoochehr , Matin Behzad Karami , Karch André , Karim Mohd A. , Karki Surendra , Kasaeian Amir , Kasahun Gebremicheal Gebreslassie , Kasaye Habtamu Kebebe , Kassa Tesfaye Dessale , Kassaye Hagazi Gebremedhin , Kassebaum Nicholas J. , Karyani Ali Kazemi , Kengne Andre Pascal , Ketema Daniel Bekele , Khader Yousef Saleh , Khafaie Morteza Abdullatif , Khaksarian Mojtaba , Khalid Nauman , Khalil Ibrahim A. , Khalilov Rovshan , Khan Asad , Khan Ejaz Ahmad , Khan Md Nuruzzaman , Khan Mohammad Saud , Khan Muhammad Shahzeb , Khatab Khaled , Khater Amir , Khater Mona M. , Khatib Mahalqua Nazli , Khayamzadeh Maryam , Khazaei-Pool Maryam , Khazaei Mohammad , Khazaei Salman , Khodayari Mohammad Taghi , Khosravi Mohammad Hossein , Khundkar Roba , Kiadaliri Ali , Kianipour Neda , Kiirithio Daniel N. , Kim Yun Jin , Kimokoti Ruth W. , Kisa Adnan , Kisa Sezer , Kolola Tufa , Komaki Hamidreza , Kondlahalli Shivakumar K. M. , Koolivand Ali , Koul Parvaiz A. , Koyanagi Ai , Kraemer Moritz U. G. , Krishan Kewal , Krohn Kris J. , Kugbey Nuworza , Kumar Manasi , Kumar Pushpendra , Kumar Vivek , Kurmi Om P. , Kuti Oluwatosin , Vecchia Carlo La , Lacey Ben , Lad Deepesh P. , Lal Aparna , Lal Dharmesh Kumar , Lami Faris Hasan , Lamichhane Prabhat , Lang Justin J. , Lansingh Van C. , Lasrado Savita , Lebedev Georgy , Lee Paul H. , Lee Shaun Wen Huey , Leili Mostafa , Letourneau Ian D. , Lewycka Sonia , Li Shanshan , Lim Lee-Ling , Linn Shai , Liu Shiwei , Liu Simin , Lodha Rakesh , Longbottom Joshua , Lopez Jaifred Christian F. , Lorkowski Stefan , Macarayan Erlyn Rachelle King , Madadin Mohammed , El Razek Hassan Magdy Abd , El Razek Muhammed Magdy Abd , Maghavani Dhaval P. , Mahasha Phetole Walter , Mahotra Narayan Bahadur , Maled Venkatesh , Maleki Afshin , Maleki Shokofeh , Malta Deborah Carvalho , Manafi Ali , Manafi Farzad , Manafi Navid , Manohar Narendar Dawanu , Mansour-Ghanaei Fariborz , Mansouri Borhan , Mansournia Mohammad Ali , Mapoma Chabila Christopher , Marami Dadi , Marczak Laurie B. , Arnedo Carlos Alberto Marrugo , Martins-Melo Francisco Rogerlândio , Masaka Anthony , Massenburg Benjamin Ballard , Maulik Pallab K. , Mayala Benjamin K. , Mazidi Mohsen , Mehndiratta Man Mohan , Mehri Freshteh , Mehta Kala M. , Meitei Wahengbam Bigyananda , Mekonnen Fantahun Ayenew , Mekonnen Teferi , Meles Gebrekiros Gebremichael , Meles Hagazi Gebre , Melese Addisu , Mendoza Walter , Menezes Ritesh G. , Mengesha Meresa Berwo , Mensah George A. , Meretoja Tuomo J. , Miazgowski Tomasz , Kostova Neda Milevska , Miller Ted R. , Mills Edward J. , Mini G. K. , Mir Seyed Mostafa , Miri Mohammad , Mirjalali Hamed , Mirrakhimov Erkin M. , Mirzaei Hamed , Mirzaei Maryam , Mirzaei Roya , Mirzaei-Alavijeh Mehdi , Mithra Prasanna , Moazen Babak , Mohamadi Efat , Mohamadi-Bolbanabad Amjad , Mohammad Karzan Abdulmuhsin , Mohammad Yousef , Mohammad Dara K. , Darwesh Aso Mohammad , Mezerji Naser Mohammad Gholi , Mohammadian-Hafshejani Abdollah , Mohammadnia-Afrouzi Mousa , Mohammadoo-Khorasani Milad , Mohammadpourhodki Reza , Mohammed Salahuddin , Mohammed Shafiu , Mohammed Jemal Abdu , Mohammed Ammas Siraj , Mohebi Farnam , Mokari Amin , Mokdad Ali H. , Montañez Julio Cesar , Montero-Zamora Pablo A. , Moodley Yoshan , Moossavi Maryam , Moradi Ghobad , Moradi Masoud , Moradi Yousef , Moradi-Joo Mohammad , Moradi-Lakeh Maziar , Moradpour Farhad , Moradzadeh Rahmatollah , Moraga Paula , Morrison Shane Douglas , Mosapour Abbas , Mosser Jonathan F. , Mouodi Simin , Khaneghah Amin Mousavi , Mozaffarian Dariush , Mueller Ulrich Otto , Murray Christopher J. L. , Murthy G. V. S. , Musa Kamarul Imran , Mustafa Ghulam , Muthupandian Saravanan , Nabavizadeh Behnam , Naderi Mehdi , Nadkarni Girish N. , Nagarajan Ahamarshan Jayaraman , Naghavi Mohsen , Naheed Aliya , Naik Gurudatta , Najafi Farid , Nansseu Jobert Richie , Narayan K. M. Venkat , Nascimento Bruno Ramos , Nayak Vinod , Nazari Javad , Ndwandwe Duduzile Edith , Negoi Ionut , Negoi Ruxandra Irina , Ngunjiri Josephine W. , Nguyen Cuong Tat , Nguyen Huong Lan Thi , Nigatu Dabere , Nigatu Yeshambel T. , Nikbakhsh Rajan , Ningrum Dina Nur Anggraini , Nnaji Chukwudi A. , Nong Vuong Minh , Noubiap Jean Jacques , Nowak Christoph , Oancea Bogdan , Ofori-Asenso Richard , Oghenetega Onome Bright , Oh In-Hwan , Oladimeji Olanrewaju , Oladnabi Morteza , Olagunju Andrew T. , Olagunju Tinuke O. , Olusanya Bolajoko Olubukunola , Olusanya Jacob Olusegun , Oluwasanu Mojisola Morenike , Omer Muktar Omer , Onwujekwe Obinna E. , Asante Kwaku Oppong , Oren Eyal , Orisakwe Orish Ebere , Ortiz Alberto , Osarenotor Osayomwanbo , Osgood-Zimmerman Aaron E. , Owolabi Mayowa Ojo , P. A. Mahesh , Padubidri Jagadish Rao , Pakshir Keyvan , Pana Adrian , Panda-Jonas Songhomitra , Parsian Hadi , Pashaei Tahereh , Pasupula Deepak Kumar , Patel Sangram Kishor , Pathak Ashish , Pathak Mona , Pati Sanghamitra , Patle Ajay , Patton George C. , Paulos Kebreab , Toroudi Hamidreza Pazoki , Pepito Veincent Christian Filipino , Perico Norberto , Petri William A. , Pickering Brandon V. , Pigott David M. , Pirestani Majid , Piroozi Bakhtiar , Pirsaheb Meghdad , Pokhrel Khem Narayan , Postma Maarten J. , Pourjafar Hadi , Pourmalek Farshad , Kalhori Reza Pourmirza , Pourshams Akram , Poustchi Hossein , Prada Sergio I. , Preotescu Liliana , Pribadi Dimas Ria Angga , Syed Zahiruddin Quazi , Rabiee Mohammad , Rabiee Navid , Radfar Amir , Rafiei Alireza , Rahim Fakher , Rahimi-Movaghar Vafa , Rahman Muhammad Aziz , Rahman Sajjad ur , Rai Rajesh Kumar , Rajabpour-Sanati Ali , Rajati Fatemeh , Ramezanzadeh Kiana , Rana Saleem Muhammad , Ranabhat Chhabi Lal , Rao Sowmya J. , Rasella Davide , Rashedi Vahid , Rastogi Prateek , Rathi Priya , Rawaf Salman , Rawaf David Laith , Rawal Lal , Ray Sarah E. , Remuzzi Giuseppe , Renjith Vishnu , Renzaho Andre M. N. , Resnikoff Serge , Rezaei Nima , Rezaeian Shahab , Rezai Mohammad Sadegh , Rezapour Aziz , Riahi Seyed Mohammad , Ribeiro Ana Isabel , Rickard Jennifer , Rodriguez Alina , Roever Leonardo , Roro Elias Merdassa , Roshandel Gholamreza , Rostami Ali , Rubagotti Enrico , Saad Anas M. , Saadatagah Seyedmohammad , Sabde Yogesh Damodar , Sabour Siamak , Sadeghi Ehsan , Sadeghi Masoumeh , Safari Saeed , Safari Yahya , Safarpour Hamid , Sagar Rajesh , Sahebkar Amirhossein , Sahraian Mohammad Ali , Sajadi S. Mohammad , Salahshoor Mohammad Reza , Salam Nasir , Salehi Farkhonde , Zahabi Saleh Salehi , Salem Hosni , Salem Marwa R. Rashad , Salimi Yahya , Salimzadeh Hamideh , Kafil Hossein Samadi , Sambala Evanson Zondani , Samy Abdallah M. , Santos Itamar S. , Jose Bruno Piassi Sao , Saraswathy Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer , Sarker Abdur Razzaque , Sartorius Benn , Sarveazad Arash , Sathian Brijesh , Satpathy Maheswar , Saxena Sonia , Sayyah Mehdi , Sbarra Alyssa N. , Schipp Megan F. , Schmidt Maria Inês , Schutte Aletta Elisabeth , Schwebel David C. , Senbeta Anbissa Muleta , Senthilkumaran Subramanian , Seyedmousavi Seyedmojtaba , Shaahmadi Faramarz , Shafaat Omid , Shahabi Saeed , Shaikh Masood Ali , Shalash Ali S. , Shams-Beyranvand Mehran , Shamshirian Amir , Shamsizadeh Morteza , Shannawaz Mohammed , Sharafi Kiomars , Sharif Mehdi , Sharma Rajesh , Shehata Hatem Samir , Sheikhtaheri Abbas , Shibuya Kenji , Shiferaw Wondimeneh Shibabaw , Shigematsu Mika , Shin Jae Il , Shiri Rahman , Shirkoohi Reza , Shiue Ivy , Shuval Kerem , Siabani Soraya , Siddiqi Tariq J. , Sigfusdottir Inga Dora , Silva Diego Augusto Santos , Simonetti Biagio , Singh Ambrish , Singh Pushpendra , Singh Virendra , Singh Jasvinder A. , Singh Pankaj Kumar , Sinha Dhirendra Narain , Sintayehu Yitagesu , Sisay Malede Mequanent M. , Soheili Amin , Soleymani Bija , Soltani Farzaneh , Soltani Shahin , Soriano Joan B. , Sorrie Muluken Bekele , Soshnikov Sergey , Soyiri Ireneous N. , Spotin Adel , Sreeramareddy Chandrashekhar T. , Srivastava Rajni Kant Kant , Starodubova Antonina , Sudaryanto Agus , Sufiyan Mu’awiyyah Babale , Suleria Hafiz Ansar Rasul , Sulo Gerhard , Sunguya Bruno F. , Sykes Bryan L. , Tabarés-Seisdedos Rafael , Tabuchi Takahiro , Tadesse Birkneh Tilahun , Taherkhani Amir , Tamirat Koku Sisay , Tassew Segen Gebremeskel , Taveira Nuno , Teklehaimanot Berhane Fseha , Tekulu Gebretsadkan Hintsa , Temsah Mohamad-Hani , Terkawi Abdullah Sulieman , Tessema Zemenu Tadesse , Thomas Nihal , Titova Mariya Vladimirovna , Tlaye Kenean Getaneh , Tohidinik Hamid Reza , Tonelli Marcello , Tovani-Palone Marcos Roberto , Traini Eugenio , Tran Khanh Bao , Tripathi Manjari , Uddin Riaz , Ullah Irfan , Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran , Upadhyay Era , Useh Ushotanefe , Usman Muhammad Shariq , Uthman Olalekan A. , Vacante Marco , Vaezghasemi Masoud , Valdez Pascual R. , VanderHeide John , Varavikova Elena , Varughese Santosh , Vasankari Tommi Juhani , Vasseghian Yasser , Veisani Yousef , Venkatesh Srinivasaraghavan , Venketasubramanian Narayanaswamy , Verma Madhur , Vidale Simone , Violante Francesco S. , Vlassov Vasily , Vollmer Sebastian , Vukovic Rade , Waheed Yasir , Wang Haidong , Wang Yafeng , Wang Yuan-Pang , Weldesamuel Girmay Teklay , Werdecker Andrea , Wiangkham Taweewat , Wiens Kirsten E. , Wijeratne Tissa , Wolde Haileab Fekadu , Wondafrash Dawit Zewdu , Wonde Tewodros Eshete , Wondmieneh Adam Belay , Wu Ai-Min , Xu Gelin , Yadegar Abbas , Yadollahpour Ali , Jabbari Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh , Yamada Tomohide , Yano Yuichiro , Yaya Sanni , Yazdi-Feyzabadi Vahid , Yeshaneh Alex , Yeshaw Yigizie , Yeshitila Yordanos Gizachew , Yilma Mekdes Tigistu , Yip Paul , Yonemoto Naohiro , Yoon Seok-Jun , Youm Yoosik , Younis Mustafa Z. , Yousefi Zabihollah , Yousof Hebat-Allah Salah A. , Yu Chuanhua , Yusefzadeh Hasan , Moghadam Telma Zahirian , Zaki Leila , Zaman Sojib Bin , Zamani Mohammad , Zamanian Maryam , Zandian Hamed , Zarafshan Hadi , Zepro Nejimu Biza , Zerfu Taddese Alemu , Zewale Taye Abuhay , Zhang Yunquan , Zhang Zhi-Jiang , Zhao Xiu-Ju , Zodpey Sanjay , Zomorodian Kamiar , Zotor Francis Bruno , Afshin Ashkan , Hay Simon I. 
Published: April 2020

A double burden of malnutrition occurs when individuals, household members or communities experience both undernutrition and overweight. Here, we show geospatial estimates of overweight and wasting prevalence among children under 5 years of age in 105 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) from 2000 to 2017 and aggregate these to policy-relevant administrative units. Wasting decreased overall across LMICs between 2000 and 2017, from 8.4% (62.3 (55.1–70.8) million) to 6.4% (58.3 (47.6–70.7) million), but is predicted to remain above the World Health Organization’s Global Nutrition Target of <5% in over half of LMICs by 2025. Prevalence of overweight increased from 5.2% (30 (22.8–38.5) million) in 2000 to 6.0% (55.5 (44.8–67.9) million) children aged under 5 years in 2017. Areas most affected by double burden of malnutrition were located in Indonesia, Thailand, southeastern China, Botswana, Cameroon and central Nigeria. Our estimates provide a new perspective to researchers, policy makers and public health agencies in their efforts to address this global childhood syndemic.