bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La présence de l’auteur dans les rapports de stage : pratiques et formation de formateurs
Authors: Valetopoulos Freiderikos , Dekhissi Laurie , Lamprou Effrosyni
Published: June 2022

In the last three decades there has been an increasing interest in the study of the interaction between the author and the reader in written texts. In this paper, we propose to focus on the analysis of the authorial presence in the internship reports. To this end, we analysed a corpus of L1 French students’ internship reports. The occurrences of JE, NOUS and ON allowed us to establish a list of different functions of these pronouns by observing how trainee-writers are using these three pronouns. These observations enabled us to put forward certain hypotheses concerning training of the future language teachers.
La théorie du Językowy Obraz Świata (Image Linguistique du Monde) : du monde universitaire polonais au contexte académique français
Authors: Kwapisz-Osadnik Katarzyna , Collinet Françoise
Published: June 2022

The paper proposes to link French (or Francophone) and Polish university didactics, in a context where their linguistic and cultural roots differ. The reflexion is based on the articulation of two theories: an object-theory (the Językowy Obraz Świata), which is borrowed from the field of polonistics, and an instrument-theory, (Perelman’s New Rhetoric). The didactic challenge is to propose a neo-rhetorical platform where prior agreements on concepts and theories are negotiated in order to finally raise students’ awareness of the problem of transfers of concepts and theories in the context of philological studies. These agreements must be made first within the same scientific community (Polish community), then between scientific communities representing different cultures (Polish and French communities).
Dimension linguistique, discursive et intellectuelle de la rédaction de texte académique en langue étrangère. Exemple des résumés de mémoires de licence et de master à la philologie française
Authors: Grabowska Monika , Ucherek Witold
Published: June 2022

The article focuses on the French summaries of BA & MA theses written by students of French philology at the University of Wrocław between 2015 and 2020. The objective is to determine to what extent the linguistic, discursive and intellectual dimensions of this short academic text constitute, for the students, a source of challenges during the writing process. The general conclusion is that very often the summary of a diploma thesis looks like a report detailing the activities of the student, instead of summarizing an intellectual trajectory and informing of the results of the research.
Scalar DL
Authors: Yamada Hiroyuki , Nemoto Jun
Published: June 2022

This paper presents Scalar DL, a Byzantine fault detection (BFD) middleware for transactional database systems. Scalar DL manages two separately administered database replicas in a database system and can detect Byzantine faults in the database system as long as either replica is honest (not faulty). Unlike previous BFD works, Scalar DL executes non-conflicting transactions in parallel while preserving a correctness guarantee. Moreover, Scalar DL is database-agnostic middleware so that it achieves the detection capability in a database system without either modifying the databases or using database-specific mechanisms. Experimental results with YCSB and TPC-C show that Scalar DL outperforms a state-of-the-art BFD system by 3.5 to 10.6 times in throughput and works effectively on multiple database implementations. We also show that Scalar DL achieves near-linear (91%) scalability when the number of nodes composing each replica increases.
ForBackBench
Authors: Alhazmi Afnan , Blount Tom , Konstantinidis George
Published: June 2022

The problems of Data Integration/Exchange (DE) and Ontology Based Data Access (OBDA) have been extensively studied across different communities. The underlying problem is common: using a number of differently structured data-sources mapped to a mediating schema/ontology/knowledge-graph, answer a query posed on the latter. In DE, forward-chaining algorithms, collectively known as the chase, transform source data to a new materialised instance that satisfies the ontology and can be directly queried. In OBDA, backward-chaining algorithms rewrite the query over the source schema, taking the ontology into account, in order to execute the rewriting directly on the sources. These two reasoning approaches have seen an individual rise in algorithms, practical implementations, and benchmarks. However, there has not been a principled methodology to compare solutions across both areas. In this paper we provide an original methodology and a benchmark infrastructure - a set of test scenarios, generator and translator tools, and an experimental infrastructure - to allow the translation and execution of a DE/OBDA scenario across areas and among different chase and query-rewriting systems. In the process, we also present a syntactic restriction of linear Tuple Generating Dependencies that precisely captures DL-Lite

R

, a correspondence previously uninvestigated. We perform cross-approach experiments under a wide range of assumptions, such as the use of different source-to-target mapping languages, shedding light to the interplay between forward-and backward-chaining. Our preliminary results show that, indeed, chase can compete and might overcome query rewriting even in the face of large data especially for complex mapping languages.
Distributed D-core decomposition over large directed graphs
Authors: Liao Xuankun , Liu Qing , Jiang Jiaxin , Huang Xin , Xu Jianliang , Choi Byron
Published: June 2022

Given a directed graph
G
and integers
k
and
l
, a D-core is the maximal subgraph
H
⊆
G
such that for every vertex of
H
, its in-degree and out-degree are no smaller than
k
and
l
, respectively. For a directed graph
G
, the problem of D-core decomposition aims to compute the non-empty D-cores for all possible values of
k
and
l.
In the literature, several
peeling-based
algorithms have been proposed to handle D-core decomposition. However, the peeling-based algorithms that work in a sequential fashion and require global graph information during processing are mainly designed for
centralized
settings, which cannot handle large-scale graphs efficiently in distributed settings. Motivated by this, we study the
distributed
D-core decomposition problem in this paper. We start by defining a concept called
anchored coreness
, based on which we propose a new H-index-based algorithm for distributed D-core decomposition. Furthermore, we devise a novel concept, namely
skyline coreness
, and show that the D-core decomposition problem is equivalent to the computation of skyline corenesses for all vertices. We design an efficient D-index to compute the skyline corenesses distributedly. We implement the proposed algorithms under both vertex-centric and block-centric distributed graph processing frameworks. Moreover, we theoretically analyze the algorithm and message complexities. Extensive experiments on large real-world graphs with billions of edges demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithms in terms of both the running time and communication overhead.
SNARF
Authors: Vaidya Kapil , Chatterjee Subarna , Knorr Eric , Mitzenmacher Michael , Idreos Stratos , Kraska Tim
Published: June 2022

We present Sparse Numerical Array-Based Range Filters (SNARF), a learned range filter that efficiently supports range queries for numerical data. SNARF creates a model of the data distribution to map the keys into a bit array which is stored in a compressed form. The model along with the compressed bit array which constitutes SNARF are used to answer membership queries.

We evaluate SNARF on multiple synthetic and real-world datasets as a stand-alone filter and by integrating it into RocksDB. For range queries, SNARF provides up to 50x better false positive rate than state-of-the-art range filters, such as SuRF and Rosetta, with the same space usage. We also evaluate SNARF in RocksDB as a filter replacement for filtering requests before they access on-disk data structures. For RocksDB, SNARF can improve the execution time of the system up to 10x compared to SuRF and Rosetta for certain read-only workloads.
QueryFormer
Authors: Zhao Yue , Cong Gao , Shi Jiachen , Miao Chunyan
Published: June 2022

Machine learning has become a prominent method in many database optimization problems such as cost estimation, index selection and query optimization. Translating query execution plans into their vectorized representations is non-trivial. Recently, several query plan representation methods have been proposed. However, they have two limitations. First, they do not fully utilize readily available database statistics in the representation, which characterizes the data distribution. Second, they typically have difficulty in modeling long paths of information flow in a query plan, and capturing parent-children dependency between operators.

To tackle these limitations, we propose QueryFormer, a learning-based query plan representation model with a tree-structured Transformer architecture. In particular, we propose a novel scheme to integrate histograms obtained from database systems into query plan encoding. In addition, to effectively capture the information flow following the tree structure of a query plan, we develop a tree-structured model with the attention mechanism. We integrate QueryFormer into four machine learning models, each for a database optimization task, and experimental results show that QueryFormer is able to improve performance of these models significantly.
Index checkpoints for instant recovery in in-memory database systems
Authors: Lee Leon , Xie Siphrey , Ma Yunus , Chen Shimin
Published: June 2022

We observe that the time bottleneck during the recovery phase of an IMDB (In-Memory DataBase system) shifts from log replaying to index rebuilding after the state-of-art techniques for instant recovery have been applied. In this paper, we investigate index checkpoints to eliminate this bottleneck. However, improper designs may lead to inconsistent index checkpoints or incur severe performance degradation. For the correctness challenge, we combine two techniques,
i.e.
, deferred deletion of index entries, and on-demand clean-up of dangling index entries after recovery, to achieve data correctness. For the efficiency challenge, we propose three wait-free index checkpoint algorithms,
i.e., ChainIndex, MirrorIndex, IACoW
, for supporting efficient normal processing and fast recovery. We implement our proposed solutions in HiEngine, an IMDB being developed as part of Huawei's next-generation cloud-native database product. We evaluate the impact of index checkpoint persistence on recovery and transaction performance using two workloads (
i.e.
, TPC-C and Microbench). We analyze the pros and cons of each algorithm. Our experimental results show that HiEngine can be recovered instantly (
i.e.
, in ~10 s) with only slight (
i.e.
, 5% - 11%) performance degradation. Therefore, we strongly recommend integrating index checkpointing into IMDBs if recovery time is a crucial product metric.
MATE
Authors: Esmailoghli Mahdi , Quiané-Ruiz Jorge-Arnulfo , Abedjan Ziawasch
Published: June 2022

A core operation in data discovery is to find joinable tables for a given table. Real-world tables include both unary and n-ary join keys. However, existing table discovery systems are optimized for unary joins and are ineffective and slow in the existence of n-ary keys. In this paper, we introduce Mate, a table discovery system that leverages a novel hash-based index that enables n-ary join discovery through a space-efficient super key. We design a filtering layer that uses a novel hash, Xash. This hash function encodes the syntactic features of all column values and aggregates them into a super key, which allows the system to efficiently prune tables with non-joinable rows. Our join discovery system is able to prune up to 1000
x
more false positives and leads to over 60
x
faster table discovery in comparison to state-of-the-art.
TSB-UAD
Authors: Paparrizos John , Kang Yuhao , Boniol Paul , Tsay Ruey S. , Palpanas Themis , Franklin Michael J.
Published: June 2022

The detection of anomalies in time series has gained ample academic and industrial attention. However, no comprehensive benchmark exists to evaluate time-series anomaly detection methods. It is common to use (i) proprietary or synthetic data, often biased to support particular claims; or (ii) a limited collection of publicly available datasets. Consequently, we often observe methods performing exceptionally well in one dataset but surprisingly poorly in another, creating an illusion of progress. To address the issues above, we thoroughly studied over one hundred papers to identify, collect, process, and systematically format datasets proposed in the past decades. We summarize our effort in TSB-UAD, a new benchmark to ease the evaluation of univariate time-series anomaly detection methods. Overall, TSB-UAD contains 13766 time series with labeled anomalies spanning different domains with high variability of anomaly types, ratios, and sizes. TSB-UAD includes 18 previously proposed datasets containing 1980 time series and we contribute two collections of datasets. Specifically, we generate 958 time series using a principled methodology for transforming 126 time-series classification datasets into time series with labeled anomalies. In addition, we present data transformations with which we introduce new anomalies, resulting in 10828 time series with varying complexity for anomaly detection. Finally, we evaluate 12 representative methods demonstrating that TSB-UAD is a robust resource for assessing anomaly detection methods. We make our data and code available at www.timeseries.org/TSB-UAD. TSB-UAD provides a valuable, reproducible, and frequently updated resource to establish a leaderboard of univariate time-series anomaly detection methods.
Explanations for Inequality and Partisan Polarization in the U.S., 1980–2020
Authors: Suhay Elizabeth , Tenenbaum Mark , Bartola Austin
Published: June 2022

We examine an understudied component of partisan polarization—disagreement over whether the U.S. economy rewards merit. Drawing on data from party platforms and surveys over four decades, we illustrate large, and increasing, partisan divides in beliefs regarding whether an unequal society, or unequal behavior, is the cause of socioeconomic inequality. Republican politicians and citizens are optimistic about the American Dream and pessimistic about poor people’s behavior; Democratic politicians and citizens are pessimistic about the Dream and optimistic about poor people’s ability to succeed if given the chance. These patterns hold for beliefs about economic inequality along both class and race lines. Variation in societal versus individual blame is consistently associated with views on social welfare, taxation, and affirmative action. We conclude that Americans’ beliefs about the fairness of the economy represent a crucial component of a redistributive versus anti-redistributive ideology that is increasingly associated with the two political parties.
Nature, Culture and COVID-19—Towards a Global History of Pandemics
Authors: Fangerau Heiner , Labisch Alfons
Published: June 2022

From a historical perspective, SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 have simultaneously led to known and previously unknown events as well. These seamlessly linked events can only be grasped with a new, integrative perspective of the relationship between culture and disease. Such a view requires a historiography that captures the full spectrum of an epidemic event, from the causes of emerging pathogens to their global spread and impact on different national, regional, and local communities. Integrative approaches to a global history of epidemics essentially include the following:

–Understanding the dynamic relationship between nature and culture to empirically capture changes in local and regional biospheres and their interaction in global contexts. 

–Investigating the culturally determined scientific and social negotiation processes that lead to the naming, characterization and communication of initially unknown causes of disease in relation to the culturally determined countermeasures that begin with their emergence.

–Analysis of the effects of worldwide densification through new technical possibilities and new forms of globally organised production and the associated traffic of trade, transport and communication in historical perspective. These empirical approaches represent nodes in a seamless web of interacting factors. Such an approach necessarily has to bring together a wide range of disciplines and perspectives.
Signal propagation parameters estimation through designed multi layer fibre with higher dominant modes using OptiFibre simulation
Authors: Zaki Rashed Ahmed Nabih , Ahammad SK. Hasane , Daher Malek G. , Sorathiya Vishal , Siddique Abrar , Asaduzzaman Sayed , Rehana Hasin , Dutta Nitul , Patel Shobhit K. , Nyangaresi Vincent Omollo , Jibon Rayhan Habib , Ibrahim Anas
Published: June 2022

The aim and scope of the paper is to simulate the signal propagation parameters estimation through designed multi-layer fibre with higher dominant modes by using OptiFibre simulation software. The multi-layer fibre profile has a length of 1000 m is designed and clarified with six layers. RI difference profile variations are clarified with radial distance variations. Modal/group index, group delay, dispersion, mode field diameter and total fibre losses are demonstrated with the fibre wavelength variations. All the dominant mode field distribution for multi-layer fibre are simulated and demonstrated. The other modes for designed multi-layer fibre with the theoretical fibre cutoff values for the different modes based the designed multi-layer fibre are analyzed and clarified clearly in details.
Nonlinear localized modes in one-dimensional nanoscale dark-state optical lattices
Authors: Chen Zhiming , Zeng Jianhua
Published: June 2022

Optical lattices (OLs) with conventional spatial periodic λ/2, formed by interfering the counterpropagating laser beams with wavelength λ, are versatile tools to study the dynamical and static properties of ultracold atoms. OLs with subwavelength spatial structure have been realized in recent quantum-gas experiment, offering new possibility for nonlinear and quantum control of ultracold atoms at the nano scale. Herein, we study theoretically and numerically the formation, property, and dynamics of matter-wave localized gap modes of Bose–Einstein condensates loaded in a one-dimensional nanoscale dark-state OL consisted of an array of optical subwavelength barriers. The nonlinear localized modes, in the forms of on- and off-site fundamental gap solitons, and dipole ones, are demonstrated; and we uncover that, counterintuitively, these modes exhibit always a cusplike (side peaks) mode even for a deeply subwavelength adiabatic lattice, contrary to the previously reported results in conventional deep OLs where the localized gap modes are highly confined in a single lattice cell. The (in)stability features of all the predicted localized modes are verified through the linear-stability analysis and direct perturbed simulations. Our predicted results are attainable in current ultracold atoms experiments with the cutting-edge technique, pushing the nonlinear control of ultracold atoms with short-period OLs as an enabling technology into subwavelength structures.
Resonant multilevel optical switching with phase change material GST
Authors: Wu Di , Yang Xing , Wang Ningning , Lu Liangjun , Chen Jianping , Zhou Linjie , Rahman B. M. Azizur
Published: June 2022

We demonstrate a multilevel optical memristive switch based on a silicon Fabry–Perot resonator. The resonator is constructed by a pair of waveguide Bragg gratings at the ends of a multimode interferometer (MMI) covered with sub-micrometer-size Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) thin film on top. The interaction between the optical field and GST is greatly enhanced due to the resonant effect. The GST phase transition is triggered by applying electrical pulses to the doped-silicon microheater. Light is transmitted when GST is amorphous while it is highly absorbed by the crystalline GST at the resonance wavelength, leading to a higher on-off extinction ratio (ER) compared to the non-resonant device. The resonant device achieves a maximum transmission contrast of 10.29 dB and a total of 38 distinct nonvolatile switching levels. Our work provides an effective solution to improving the multilevel switching performance of phase-change devices and paves the way for future nonvolatile silicon photonics devices.
Effect of nanoadditives on the novel leather fiber/recycled poly(ethylene-vinyl-acetate) polymer composites for multifunctional applications: Fabrication, characterizations, and multiobjective optimization using central composite design
Authors: Sharma Shubham , Sudhakara P. , Petru Michal , Singh Jujhar , Rajkumar S.
Published: June 2022

The current study intended to investigate the viability and efficacy of performance measurement by incorporating one of the most hazardous leather wastes, that is, leather buffing dust and nanofillers as reinforcing constituents within recycled poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) as a matrix with maximum leather fiber-loading of 1:1, using a mill followed by hot-press molding. The samples were tested to evaluate the physicomechanical characteristics including tensile, compressive strength, density, abrasion-resistance, adhesion-strength, hardness, tear-resistance, compression and resilience, damping, and water-absorption as per the standard ASTM/SATRA/ISO testing methods. The thermoanalytical methods, namely thermalgravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry, have been employed to simulate the performance, including the effectiveness of blended-mix through glass-transition and crystallization temperature. Furthermore, morphological properties of the fabricated composites have been explored using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy analysis. In addition, the attenuated total reflection-Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was performed to examine the physicochemical molecular structure, chemical bonding, and functional groups of the neat recycled EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate) copolymer and leather buffing dust/recycled EVA polymer composites. Throughout this study, the physicomechanical characteristics of leather buffing dust/recycled EVA composites were ameliorated by optimizing the operating parameters of the hot-press compression molding process through the central composite design approach in response surface methodology. The obtained results of the fabricated novel composites were certainly splendid for a value-added application in footwear, structural, floor-covering, and transportation domains.
Physicochemical stability of 20 mg/mL amiodarone hydrochloride oral suspension in SyrSpend® SF PH4 (liquid)
Authors: Adoum Anissa , Le Pho Viet Anh Diane , Faisant Sophie , Legendre Pauline , Lester Marie-Antoinette , Boivin Pierre-Nicolas
Published: June 2022

Objectives

Amiodarone hydrochloride is a class III antiarrhythmic drug indicated for the treatment of ventricular and supraventricular tachycardias. Oral amiodarone is only available in a tablet dosage form, which is not suitable for pediatric use. The stability of amiodarone hydrochloride suspension at 5 mg/mL was assessed in SyrSpend® SF PH4 (liquid) but oral amiodarone is typically given as a loading dose of 10–15 mg/kg/day for 4–10 days and then reduced to a maintenance dose of 5 mg/kg/day, making the 20 mg/mL concentration a better option. A hospital preparation of 20 mg/mL amiodarone hydrochloride oral suspension was developed. The purpose of this study was to determine the physicochemical stability of a 20 mg/mL amiodarone hydrochloride oral multidose suspension in a commercial compounding excipient, SyrSpend® SF PH4 (liquid) at ambient temperature and under dark conditions.

Methods

Three batches of oral suspension were prepared using amiodarone hydrochloride powder and SyrSpend SF PH4 (liquid). The suspensions were stored at room temperature and protected from light (amber glass vials). A sample was withdrawn from each bottle immediately after preparation and at 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, and 90 days. After additional dilution to an expected concentration of 100 μg/mL with methanol, the samples were assayed in triplicate using a stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet (UV) detection. The physicochemical properties (pH, osmolality, amiodarone concentration, macroscopic changes) were assessed over 90 days at each day of analysis. Stability was determined by evaluating the percentage of the initial concentration remaining at each time point and defined as retention of at least 95% of the initial concentration of amiodarone hydrochloride.

Results

After 90 days, the study showed that amiodarone hydrochloride concentrations did not go below 95% of the initial drug concentration. Neither degradation products nor changes of physicochemical properties were detected.

Conclusions

Compounded oral suspensions of 20 mg/mL amiodarone hydrochloride in SyrSpend® SF PH4 (liquid) were stable for at least 90 days when stored in amber glass bottles at room temperature.
A belföldi turizmus ereje – Budapest vonzereje a belföldi látogatók véleményének tükrében
Authors: Pinke-Sziva Ivett , Boros Kitti
Published: June 2022

A TANULMÁNY CÉLJA

A globális méreteket öltött koronavírus-járvány alapjaiban változtatja meg a turisztikai desztinációk és azok közül is főként a nemzetközi vendégforgalomra építkező célterületek működését. Az utazási korlátozások következtében szignifikánsan csökkent a nemzetközi turistaérkezések száma Budapesten 2020-ban. Az elmúlt években a főváros nagy mértékben a külföldi vendégekre alapozta a költségvetését, ezért a külső hatásoknak rendkívül kitetté vált. A tanulmányunk célja, hogy képet adjon a városi turizmus pandémia által okozott kríziséről és abból való kiút egyik lehetőségének, a belföldi utazók megcélzásának vizsgálatát.

ALKALMAZOTT MÓDSZERTAN

A főváros külföldi turistáknak való kitettsége a belföldi turisták Budapestre csábításával ellensúlyozható, amelyhez meg kell ismerni a főváros turisztikai szolgáltatásait potenciálisan igénybe vevők körét: a belföldi látogatókat. Ezen célcsoport tagjai eltérő élményeket keresnek a fővárosba történő látogatásuk során, melyet egy több mint 100 válaszadót elérő kvalitatív kutatás keretében ismertünk meg. A kutatás fő célja az volt, hogy feltárjuk az egyes korcsoportok véleményét a fővárosról, a fővárosba történő utazásaikat támogató és hátráltató tényezőkről és a számukra vonzó élményígéretekről.

LEGFONTOSABB EREDMÉNYEK

Láthatóvá vált a kutatás során, hogy a belföldiek, különösen a pandémia előtt legalább évente, de akár többször is felkeresték a fővárost, de jellemzően nem éjszakáznak itt. A pandémia leginkább a gyakori látogatók szokásait változtatta meg, ők havi rendszerességet követően inkább félévente érkeztek a fővárosba. A fővárosról alkotott kép meglehetősen változatos, inkább az idősebb és a fiatal felnőttek rendelkeznek pozitív imázsképpel. A motivációk sorában a kulturális attrakciók, rendezvények és a barátok látogatása mindenképpen fontos, amíg a gátló tényezők között a város drágasága, a tömeg és nagyvárosokkal szembeni ellenérzés, valamint a korlátozott szabadidő jelenik meg.

GYAKORLATI JAVASLATOK

Eredményeink alapján feltárásra kerülhetnek azon turisztikai termékek és élményelemek, melyek fejlesztése hosszú távon növelheti Budapest belföldi turisztikai keresletét.
Structural and optical properties of copper-doped ZnO thin films at different weight percentage
Authors:   Department of Physics, College of Science, Mosul University, Iraq, Najim S. A. , Alyas M. M. ,   Department of Physics, College of Science, Mosul University, Iraq, Sulaiman A. A. ,   Department of Physics, College of Science, Mosul University, Iraq
Published: June 2022

ZnO thin films have been synthesized by chemical vapor deposition technique at substrate temperature 400˚C and doped with Cu at (1,3,5 wt.%). The morphologies of pure and doped ZnO films were investigated by SEM and the grain size was become larger by increasing the amount of Cu doped. From X-ray diffraction measurements, the maximum intensity peak was (002) for ZnO:Cu films at diffraction angle 34.4˚ and crystallized of hexagonal phase. Based on XPS Measurements on the surface of ZnO:Cu films, it has been found that the peak was shift to higher diffraction angle and full width half maximum of the films were become wider with increasing Cu doping. The band gap of ZnO film was 3.3 eV and it was decreased as an increasing of Cu dopant.
Structural and morphological studies of ZnO nanostructures
Authors:   University of Garmian, College of Education, Department of Physics, Kurdistan region, Iraq, Mohammad A. M. , Ahmed Al-Jaf H. S. ,   University of Garmian, College of Education, Department of Physics, Kurdistan region, Iraq, Ahmed H. Sh. ,   University of Garmian, College of Education, Department of Physics, Kurdistan region, Iraq, Mohammed M. M. ,   University of Garmian, College of Education, Department of Chemistry, Kurdistan region, Iraq, Khodair Z. T. ,   University of Diyala, College of Science, Department of Physics, Diyala, Iraq
Published: June 2022

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures were manufactured successfully using the sol-gel approach in this study. The impact of calcination temperatures on their structural and morphological properties is studied using three different calcination temperatures (350, 400, and 450 °C). XRD, FE-SEM, EDS, and a Raman scattering spectroscope were used to characterize the samples. In all samples, X-ray diffraction (XRD) of calcined samples (350-450 °C) reveals the presence of the wurtzite hexagonal nanocrystalline structure of ZnO compound. The XRD patterns showed no additional peaks, indicating that the final product is exclusively ZnO nanostructures. The FE-SEM pictures of a calcined ZnO sample at 450°C revealed a porous structure, longer length and diameter, and agglomeration of mixed polyhedral shape particles as the calcination temperature increased. The presence of necessary oxide material in the EDS spectrum confirmed the synthesis of ZnO, indicating that the purity of ZnO was appropriate. Finally, using Raman spectroscopy, the vibrational characteristics of ZnO were studied. Several bands in Raman spectra appeared to belong to ZnO vibrational modes, confirming the purity of the produced ZnO samples. The findings of such a study were presented in this paper.
Starvation ketosis in a pregnant woman with COVID-19: a case report
Authors: Nana Melanie , Nelson-Piercy Catherine
Published: June 2022

COVID-19 is associated with severe disease in pregnancy. Complications of the disease, or simultaneous diagnoses, may be missed if clinicians do not retain a large differential diagnosis when assessing such women. Starvation ketoacidosis is one such diagnosis which may complicate the disease and should not be missed. A 37-year-old woman, 33 weeks’ gestation presented with breathlessness. Clinical history, examination and investigations supported a diagnosis of starvation ketosis of pregnancy complicating COVID-19 pneumonitis. Prompt correction of the metabolic disturbance resulted in resolution, and preterm delivery was avoided at this time. Early recognition and prompt management of starvation ketosis of pregnancy in women with COVID-19 are important in reducing maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Preterm delivery may be avoided with prompt resolution of the metabolic disturbance. Clinicians should keep a wide differential diagnosis when assessing women with breathlessness. A multidisciplinary team (MDT) approach is required to facilitate optimal care.

Learning points

Clinicians should maintain a wide differential when assessing women who are unwell with COVID-19 in pregnancy.

Complications such as starvation ketoacidosis are rare but life-threatening.

An awareness of such complications facilitates early identification of the condition, and involvement of appropriate specialists who can initiate optimal and timely management.

In the context of pregnancy, where ketoacidosis poses a threat to the mother or baby, prompt management and resolution may avoid preterm delivery.

Conditions that may increase the risk of developing starvation ketoacidosis include pregnancy, medication use such as corticosteroids or tocolytic therapies, previous gastric surgery, intercurrent illness and pregnancy-related conditions that might contribute towards a degree of chronic starvation.

Multidisciplinary input supports the delivery of best practice and care for the patients.
Mutational landscape of non-functional adrenocortical adenomas
Authors: Wu Luming , Xie Jing , Qi Yan , Su Tingwei , Jiang Lei , Zhou Weiwei , Jiang Yiran , Zhang Cui , Zhong Xu , Cao Yanan , Wang Weiqing
Published: June 2022

Adrenal incidentalomas are the most frequent human neoplasms. Recent genomic investigations on functional adrenocortical tumors have demonstrated that somatic mutations in PRKACA and KCNJ5 responsible for the development of adrenocortical adenomas (ACAs) are associated with hypercortisolism and aldosteronism, respectively. Several studies have identified CTNNB1 mutations in ACAs and have been mostly involved in the tumorigenesis of non-functional ACA (NFACA). However, integrated genomic characterization of NFACAs is lacking. In the current study, we utilized pan-genomic methods to comprehensively analyze 60 NFACA samples. A total of 1264 somatic mutations in coding regions among the 60 samples were identified, with a median of 15 non-silent mutations per tumor. Twenty-two NFACAs (36.67%) had genetic alterations in CTNNB1. We also identified several somatic mutations in genes of the cAMP/PKA pathway and KCNJ5. Histone modification genes (KMT2A, KMT2C, and KMT2D) were altered in 10% of cases. Germline mutations of MEN1 and RET were also found. Finally, by comparison of our transcriptome data with those available in the TCGA, we illustrated the molecular characterization of NFACA. We revealed the genetic profiling and molecular landscape of NFACA. Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation as shown ssby nuclear and/or cytoplasmic β-catenin accumulation is frequent, occurring in about one–third of ACA cases. cytochrome P450 enzymes could be markers to reveal the functional status of adrenocortical tumors. These observations strongly suggest the involvement of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in benign adrenal tumorigenesis and possibly in the regulation of steroid secretion.
El rumor y las representaciones de clase, género y religión en los orígenes de la revolución tunecina
Authors: Socías Baeza Javier
Published: June 2022

El 17 de diciembre de 2010, un joven vendedor callejero, Mohamed Bouazizi, se inmoló ante la sede del Gobierno Provincial de Sidi Bouzid. Poco tiempo después de que se produjera ese hecho, que fue el detonante de la Revolución tunecina, los familiares, amigos y conciudadanos de Bouazizi hicieron circular tres rumores que, finalmente, o resultaron ser falsos o no pudieron ser corroborados. Este texto es un breve estudio sobre las representaciones de clase, género y religión que subyacían en esos rumores y los motivos que explican su puesta en circulación.
Ámbitos de soberanía y jurisdicción en el Mediterráneo: estudio de los nuevos procesos de territorialización a la luz del derecho internacional
Authors: Gutiérrez Castillo Víctor Luis
Published: June 2022

Este artículo analiza la evolución de los ámbitos de soberanía y jurisdicción de los países del Magreb en el mar Mediterráneo. En él se estudian las causas y consecuencias de los procesos de territorialización en el Mediterráneo y los recientes acuerdos de delimitación celebrados por éstos países en la región. Medidas todas ellas que suponen, en la práctica, una redifinición de las actuales fronteras marinas en el Magreb y que, sin duda, provocarán nuevos conflictos. El estudio se centra en las dos últimas décadas. En este trabajo reflexionaremos sobre la importancia de la redefinición de las fronteras marinas para el acceso a los recursos energéticos.
Francia en la guerra de Siria
Authors: López Roche Daniel
Published: June 2022

A partir del método de las estructuras históricas de Cox, este trabajo analiza el papel de Francia en la guerra en Siria iniciada en 2011. Se propone que Francia ha sido un condicionante previo por la herencia histórica del mandato colonial, pero se ha visto limitada por inconsistencias en sus capacidades. Primero se trata el método de las estructuras históricas. Después, se revisan las relaciones entre ambos países y sus implicaciones para el tema estudiado. Seguidamente, se recorre la acción de Francia en la contienda siria de 2011. Finalmente, se exponen los principales resultados obtenidos.
El no ciudadano como agente de cambio: el caso de la otredad afgana en la República Islámica de Irán
Authors: Garduño García Moisés
Published: June 2022

El texto defiende que la ciudadanía no sólo se expresa a través del vínculo jurídico que une a las personas con el Estado para producir un catálogo de derechos y obligaciones, sino también como una práctica que produce nuevos espacios de posibilidad para interpelar, provocar y transformar el orden establecido por el mismo Estado. El texto se auxilia de la categoría actos de ciudadanía, de Engin Isin, la cual piensa a la ciudadanía como una acción de los excluídos de una sociedad para transformar su orden institucional. Los actos de ciudadanía son acciones políticamente eficaces en la medida en que ayudan a organizar demandas sociales o a visibilizar vulnerabilidades de ciudadanos y no ciudadanos. También, como categoría analítica, es un concepto potencialmente crítico, dinámico, multicultural y auxiliar para la ubicación de rupturas socio-históricas que protagonizan las luchas sociales, el cual enfatiza en aquellos actores considerados como la otredad con respecto al discurso público nacional. En este sentido, el texto expone dos ejemplos de actos de ciudadanía en la República Islámica de Irán a través de las prácticas de comunidades afganas que, a pesar de llegar a ser interpretados como el antagónico del ciudadano iraní, han coadyuvado a resignificar el concepto de ciudadanía a través de dinámicas transculturales que han remodelado la ocupación del espacio público
The importance of cardiovascular disease in breast cancer survivors. mini review
Authors: Gonzalez-Sanchez Hector Raul , Torres-Cuevas Jose Luis , Kortright Maldonado Karen María , Chan-Puga Guillermo Enrique , Torres-Escalante Jose Luis
Published: June 2022

Objective: Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent neoplastic disease in women. Recently, cardiovascular disease (CVD) has arisen as a non-cancer related mortality cause between breast cancer survivors. The aim of this paper is to establish the importance of CVD in BC survivors in order to draw attention to this public health problem so new strategies can be implemented in the future. Methods: A PubMed research of the Mesh terms “Breast Neoplasms” and “Heart Disease Risk Factors” was made. Journals available to the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México – U.N.A.M. (National Autonomous University of México) were revised. Of 130 articles, 52 were selected and were cited for this review. Conclusion: Earlier detection rates and advances in breast cancer therapies have improved overall survival in BC patients. CVD is now an important cause of mortality in BC survivors. This might be explained by the conjunction of pre-existing CVD risk factors and cardiovascular injury secondary to cancer therapy.
Prevalence and antibiogram study of bacterial isolates in infection after fracture fixation at a tertiary hospital
Authors: Landman Ivan , Nolte Stefne , Botha Tanita , Viljoen Jaco
Published: June 2022

Background: Current treatment protocols for Infection After Fracture Fixation (IAFF) prescribes Vancomycin and Meropenem. This study assesses the appropriateness of empirical antibiotic regimens in the treatment of IAFF and the feasibility of reserving Vancomycin and Carbapenem antibiotics for selected cases. To achieve this aim, we determined the causative bacteria and antibiogram of orthopaedic implant infections and susceptibility to commonly used antibiotics at our institution. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study of patients who were treated for IAFF between June 2016 and February 2020. The outcome measures include microscopy, culture, and sensitivity (MCS) of samples obtained intraoperatively under sterile conditions. Results: 178 cases were collected with 65 cases excluded based on the exclusion criteria resulting in 113 cases and 136 cultures. Of the 113 cases investigated in the study, 58% (n=66) were males and 42% (n=47) were females with ages ranging from 12 to 90 years with a mean age of 41 years. 26 cultured no bacteria (77% culture-positive rate). Forty six percent (46%) of patients cultured a single organism, 54% were mixed bacterial cultures of which 37% tested positive for two organisms and 17% more than two organisms. 110 cultures were included in the antibiogram analysis. The most frequently cultured bacteria was Staphylococcus aureus 29% (n=32), followed by Enterobacter spp. 16 (n=16), Acinetobacter Baumannii Complex 9% (n=10), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 7% (n=8), Proteus 7% (8) and Klebsiella 7% (n=8). Bacteriological cultures revealed a Gram-Negative predominance (60%) including Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, Proteus and Acinetobacter. Among the Gram-Positive bacterial isolates recovered (40%), S. aureus was the most common, with only 4 Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) cultures. Sensitivity testing of the Gram-Positive bacteria revealed 84% sensitivity to Cloxacillin, with the remaining 16% sensitive to Vancomycin. Staphylococcus aureus infections were commonly methicillin sensitive. Of the Gram-Negative bacteria, 68% were sensitive to Cefepime. All Gram Negatives were resistant to Penicillin, Ampicillin, Co-Amoxiclav and Cloxacillin. Conclusions: The results of this study show that IAFF may be safely treated at our institution with a combination of Cloxacillin and Cefepime, adjusting antibiotic cover once culture results are available.
Personal communication and its impact on digital learning
Authors: Pereira Manuel Sousa
Published: June 2022

Communication is a dynamic process, in constant mutation and evolution, non-linear, intrinsic to man himself, because it is the way to externalize, share, share, behaviors, attitudes, feelings, ideas, opinions, and thus obtain feed-back of the recipients, and thus, redirect communication towards mutual understanding, which is the main objective of communication. From the 90s we entered the era of individualization of the media, where each person can participate in the construction of information and where each person can be a communicative whole. However, the new form of communication is supported by a technological base capable of establishing in an interactive, participatory and fast way, encouraging the participation and interaction of each other, as well as the more effective use of participation and intention with the community. Electronic and digital communication, in addition to being increasingly an excellent way to communicate, due to the fact that it is efficient in terms of processing speed, ease of use and being extremely economical, since it is enough to have two computers connected to the Internet to communicate way you find most convenient. The aim of this work is a theoretical and conceptual reflection on the role of personal communication in the learning dynamics of individuals as communicating elements that interact with the communicational whole.
Az unilateralis videoasszisztált torakoszkópos thymomaeltávolítás javallata, korai és középtávú eredményei
Authors: Kas József , Bogyó Levente , Fehér Csaba , Ghimessy Áron , Gieszer Balázs , Karskó Luca , Kecskés Lóránt , Lungu Viktor , Mészáros László , Pataki Ágoston , Radetzky Péter , Szegedi Róbert , Tallósy Bernadett , Török Klári , Vágvölgyi Attila , Fillinger János , Harkó Tünde , Soltész Ibolya , Tóth Erika , Rózsa Csilla , Elek Jenő , Ganovszky Erna , Agócs László , Rényi-Vámos Ferenc , Kocsis Ákos
Published: June 2022

Bevezetés

Az elülső mediastinum leggyakoribb daganata, a thymoma videotorakoszkópos eltávolítása mára világszerte elterjedőben lévő, de sok tekintetben még vitatott műtéti eljárássá vált. Az egyoldali megközelítéssel végzett műtéteink korai és késői eredményeit elemezzük két magyar mellkassebészeti centrum 17 éves adatai alapján.

Módszer

A thymoma anatómiai helyzetétől függően jobb vagy bal oldal felől, 2 vagy 3 intercostalis porton keresztül, ultrahangos vágóeszköz és elektrokauter segítségével thymomectomiát és thymectomiát végeztünk Masaoka–Koga I–II–III. stádiumban. Nemzetközi standardokat alkalmazva elemeztük a perioperatív szövődményeket, a középtávú onkológiai és a myastheniás klinikai eredményeket.

Eredmények

54 beteg (23 férfi, 31 nő), életkori átlag 58 (26–79) év, közülük 23 myasthenia gravis betegséggel. Konverzió: 7/61 (11,5%). Átlagos műtéti idő: 84 (39–150) perc. Átlagos ápolási idő: 5,5 (3–19) nap. Thymoma átlagos mérete: 46 (18–90) mm. Szövettan: A (2), AB (19), B1/2/3 (11/11/1), vegyes B (10). Reszekciós vonal: R0/1/2 (41/12/1). Masaoka–Koga-stádium: I. (17), IIA. (29), IIB. (1), III. (7). 25 thymomectomia, 29 thymectomia. Hét betegnél kiterjesztés pericardiumra (2), tüdőre (4), rekeszidegre (6), vena anonymára (1). 30 napon túli kórházi halálozás 1 eset (1,85%). Morbiditás: 11/54 (20,4%). Átlagos követési idő 62,6 (5–198) hónap. A myastheniás betegcsoportban a műtét effektivitása 18/21 (85,7%), ezen belül a komplett remisszió 5/21 (23,8%). Postthymectomiás myasthenia gravis 2/31 (6,5%) esetben alakult ki. Az általános 5 éves túlélés 100% volt, a daganatmentes 5 éves túlélés 96%-nak bizonyult.

Következtetések

A korai eredményekben a thymomectomia magasabb aránya és a magas konverziós ráta, valamint az alacsonyabb R0-arány összefügghet a sebészek szemléletével, tanulóidejével és az egyoldali műtéti módszer korlátaival. A késői eredmények a követési idő növekedésével reálisabbá és összehasonlíthatóbbá válhatnak. Az egyoldali VATS-technika helyett a kedvezőbb vizuális jellemzők miatt áttértünk a subxyphoid VATS-thymectomiák végzésére.