bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INTERVENCIÓN PSICOSOCIAL EN ESPACIOS DE ALTA DIVERSIDAD EXPERIENCIA INTERCULTURAL Y BUENA PRAXIS
Authors: Méndez López Angel Joel , Irán Cabrera Isaac
Published: September 2021

Las relaciones interculturales, en el marco de la interacción grupal, se definen como formas específicas de relación social entre individuos, que interactúan en calidad de miembros de grupos culturalmente diversos, a partir de la reproducción y producción sociopsicológica de pertenencias y exclusiones grupales, mediadas por factores históricos, económicos y socioculturales (Cabrera-Ruiz, Rodríguez-González, & Rodríguez-Fleites, 2016). La formación de pertenencias y exclusiones grupales, tiene lugar mediante procesos sociopsicológicos de apropiación de clasificaciones culturalmente disponibles, que proveen a los sujetos de auto-referencias, las cuales les permiten reconocerse como miembros de categorías sociales (nacionalidad, etnia, religión, género).
On the advent of the Reformation: COVID-19 pandemic as a predictor of social and value transformations
Authors: Golovushkin Dmitrii Aleksandrovich
Published: September 2021

This article is dedicated to the problems and prospects of the expected/commenced social and value shift, which was stimulated and legitimized by the COVID-19 pandemic. For a long time and on different levels (universalism/particularism), the modern world has been seeking the new system of “individual – society – state”, as well as the corresponding value basis. Being simultaneously a global and individual challenge, the COVID-19 pandemic allows launching and testing the available “projects of the Reformation”, as well as laying the foundation for the future projects. This is the sort of “shimmering in the near distance”, version of the “disciplinary revolution”, which allows officially speaking of the “new world”. However, in order the “motivation” for the new social reality is “for conscience, rather than fear”, it requires the value revolution (“revolution in theology”), which would formulate and offer the new normative attitudes. In this regard, the use of the conceptual framework of the “Reformation” and its patterns leads towards the comprehension of importance of the value foundation of the expected / commenced social transformation. Even of greater importance is the understanding who forms this value foundation. The article does not provide specific answers to the questions which new system of “individual – society – state”, new ethos or “new religion” entails the COVID-19 pandemic. The consequences of such “revolutions” manifest later on and are rarely predictable. This article aims to be the “optics” that allows seeing the inner and the outer the context of the COVID-2019.
Commercial practices of the Italian merchantry during the XIII–XV centuries: cross-cultural communication
Authors: Kravchenko Elizaveta
Published: September 2021

The problem of cross-cultural contacts is one of the most relevant topics in the research field of culturology. This article turns to the question of cross-cultural interaction on the example of medieval colonization of the maritime republics of the Apennine Peninsula. The object of this research is the economic and cultural processes of Italian expansion in the XIII–XV centuries. The subject is the commercial practices of the merchants, specifically from the republics Amalfi, Genoa, Venice, Pisa, and Florence. The goal of this article consists in the analysis of operations and practices introduced into the European economy from the culturological perspective. The leading methodological vector relies on the theory of cultural transfer developed by the French researcher Michel Espagne. It is established that that a range of economic and cultural phenomena is the product of cultural transfer. The application of M. Espagne’s theory of cultural transfer to the analysis of the phenomenon of Italian colonization is carried out for the first time, which defines the novelty of this work. The research results lies in the analysis of establishment of the economic and cultural phenomena, determination of cooperation of the republics of the Apennine Peninsula within the region and other European states and Arab culture, as well as the consideration of the republics of the Apennine Peninsula as trade partners, rather than competing countries alone. The provided materials can me valuable in the sphere of Mediterranean studies, for the development of cross-disciplinary scientific projects in the area of culturology and economics, as well as for profound research of Italian culture and the phenomenon of expansion of the republics of the Apennine Peninsula in the Middle Ages.
Fulfillment of stylistic potential of the English-language advertising slogans in the Internet discourse
Authors: Borisova Inna Vladimirovna
Published: September 2021

The article examines the English-language advertising content of modern Internet discourse (2010–2021). Leaning on the existing theoretical postulates of Russian and foreign scholars in the area of advertising business and taking into account the accumulated discursive practices of scientific research, the author analyzes the examples of the authentic English-language advertising slogans for the purpose of determining most common and effective stylistic techniques. The validity of the acquired results is substantiated by scientific rigor in selecting the methods of research that correlate with the goals and tasks set by the author: continuous sampling, contextual analysis, statistical data analysis, descriptive and comparative methods. The results presented as a diagram most vividly demonstrate the current trends in fulfilling stylistic potential of the English-language advertising slogans to influence the Internet communicants in the most effective way. The specifics of the online advertising discourse is defined by the fact that Internet is an experimental platform for language artistry of the communicants, who are able to appreciate the nonstandard linguistic intentions of the advertiser and their creative implementation. The author offers to continue the analysis of the stylistic component of the online advertising discourse, as well as trace the dependence of the success of realization of the tactics and strategies of the advertisers on the use of certain stylistic techniques in advertising slogans.
The evolution of female image in the works of Vajiravudh
Authors: Volkova Kseniya Borisovna
Published: September 2021

The object of this research is the evolution of female image in the works of King Vajiravudh of Siam, who is considered the father of modern Thai literature. The subject of this research is the portraits of heroines in the original Thai-language works of the monarch, both dramatic and epic, which allow us tracing the artistic transformations of female images. The historical and biographical methods reveal the status of women in the new Thai society of the early XX century and how it affect the author’s views. The problematic of the “feminine” was associated with the author’s pursuit of ideal of Thai woman from ethical perspective. This is the first research on the topic within Thai or foreign historiography. The female images, the role of women in society and fate of the nation is the pervasive theme in all works by King Vajiravudh. The author disrupts the traditional canon and depicts a new woman, who claims her rights to the freedom of choice despite the patriarchal principles. At the same time, the entire gallery of female images is an attempt to find compromise between the progress and traditional values, to create the ideal of Thai woman, which could find realization in real life.
Analysis of personality of the hero on the example of hagiography of Grand Prince Alexander Nevsky
Authors: Shagbanova Khabiba Sadyrovna
Published: September 2021

The article discusses the problem of depicting personality of the hero based on the hagiographic material of Grand Prince Alexander Nevsky. The author outlines the genre peculiarities of “The Tale of the Life of Alexander Nevsky”. The author actualizes the role of personality of Grand Prince Alexander Nevsky in formation of the value attitudes of our contemporaries. Depiction of the real historical figure is the foundation for the development of image of the hero as a spiritually whole person in literature. Multifacetedness and complexity of the phenomenon of heroism are revealed through the behavioral model of Grand Prince Alexander Nevsky, through people’s perception of the results of his rule, through the characteristic of the unchangeable constants of heroic traits demonstrated by him. In the context of patriotic education, special place belongs to the broad term “heroism”, which since olden days expresses high morale, loyalty to duty, unconquerable will, national and personal dignity, willingness to self-sacrifice in the name of the Homeland. The article offers possible ways to improve the educational work among younger generation based on the literary heritage dedicated to the image of our outstanding compatriot. The importance of the impact of Russian literary works upon the formation of patriotic qualities of the Russians is underlined.
The Self-concept model as experience evaluation process
Authors: Lutsik Maksim Yur'evich , Drongo Anna Vladimirovna
Published: September 2021

This article substantiates the relevance of studying the Self-concept as a phenomenon aimed at achieving Self-actualization and structurization of behavior. The question is raised about the prerequisites that allow a person to differentiate experience, thereby underlining the need to study the ontogenesis of the Self-concept as the foundation for the evaluative process that integrates the three gradually forming layers. This serves as the basis for formulating the definition of the Self-concept, and describing each of its layers (organismic, social, and conceptual). Their role in the experience evaluation process, as well as applicable to behavior, is explored. The boundaries are established between the layers and the phenomena introduced by K. Rogers; thus, the social layer is naturally introjective and essential. The subject of this research is the determination of each layer of possible disorders within ontogenesis, and relative to this, the risk of transition of the Self-concept from the process to the newly formed structure. Description is given to possibilities of application of this model in psychological practice. Firstly, it allows understanding the incongruity of the customer, as well as self-image of the psychologist in their non-empathic, but congruent responses. Secondly, this model structures the interaction in psychotherapy, helping to establish the typology of psychological disorder, as well as choose appropriate interventions remaining within the framework of humanistic methodology, without eclectic selection of the techniques. In conclusion, the authors reveal the potential of scientific study of the Self-concept model, which consists in understanding the customer and their incongruity. This model contributes to most accurate choice of techniques and methods, as well as means of interaction with the customer, depending on the dysfunction of the layer.
The transformation of emotional component of gender identity of adolescent girls
Authors: Praizendorf Ekaterina Sergeevna
Published: September 2021

The subject of this research is the emotional component of gender identity of adolescent girls. The goal is to determine the specificity of transformation of the emotional component of gender identity of adolescent girls. The author meticulously analyzes the transformation of emotional component of gender identity of adolescent girls. Gender identity implies the internal dynamic structure that integrates separate aspects of personality, associated with perception of oneself as a representative of particular gender and self-regulation of the gender-role behavior. Research methodology is based on the cultural-historical theory of mental development of a person developed by L. S. Vygotsky, age periodization developed by D. B. Elkonin, conceptual positions in the context of studying gender problematic developed by E. P. Ilyin, V. E. Kagan, I. S. Kletsina, N. Y. Flotskaya, and other works.. The empirical basis includes 30 adolescent girls from the nuclear families. The age of respondents from the first to the fourth year of research was 12-13, 14, 15, and 16-17 y.o. respectively. This article is first to theoretically substantiate and provide empirical evidence of the existence of transformation of emotional component of gender identity of girls during their puberty period. The author determines the qualitative characteristics of emotional component of gender identity of girls at early, middle, and later stages of adolescence. The conclusion is made that the emotional component of gender identity of adolescent girls transforms throughout the earlier adolescence to later adolescence. Therefore, at the age of 12-13, teenage girls perceive their mother as exigent, while seeing the father as rather positive. At the age of 14, girls perceive the father as emotionally detached, indifferent, while the attitude towards the mother is unstable and changeable. At the age of 15, the father is perceived as antagonistic and emotionally detached, while the mother is also perceived as antagonistic and indifferent. By the age of 16-17, girls form attitudes towards themselves through the current and future social roles – daughter, sister, mother, wife.
Conceptual-methodological ground of inclusive education in the Russian Federation
Authors: Barinova Elena Borisovna
Published: September 2021

The goal of this article lies in the analysis of theoretical conceptual-methodological grounds of inclusive education in the Russian Federation for the effective management and coordination of the work of educational institutions. For achieving the set goal, the author examines the general theoretical conceptual-methodological grounds of inclusive education; competence approach towards inclusive education in Russia; theory of implementation the inclusive form of education; basic elements of the concept of inclusive education; as well as methodology of inclusive education in the Russian Federation. The concept of inclusive education implies the mechanism for exercising human rights for people with health impairments. This mechanism is based on the interdepartmental cross-disciplinary formation of the barrier-free environment for any person to exercise their rights. The concept of inclusive education formulates social approach towards disability. The medical problem of disability shifts into the social sphere – a person with health impairments should not only receive treatment, but also live a normal life. Therefore, disability is viewed as a set of social barriers that stand in the way of realization of the abilities and needs of a person with physical or mental impairments. The goal is to eliminate such social barriers. The modern strategy of the Russian Federation in the area of education and social policy is aimed at bringing into compliance the institutional systemic conditions in order to turn inclusive education into the priority area of education.
Mathematical modeling and optimization of semi-regenerative catalytic reforming of naphtha
Authors: Ivanchina Emilia , Chernyakova Ekaterina , Pchelintseva Inna , Poluboyartsev Dmitry
Published: September 2021

Catalytic naphtha reforming is extensively applied in petroleum refineries and petrochemical industries to convert low-octane naphtha into high-octane gasoline. Besides, this process is an important source of hydrogen and aromatics obtained as side products. The bifunctional Pt-catalysts for reforming are deactivated by coke formation during an industrial operation. This results to a reduction in the yield and octane number. In this paper modeling and optimization of a semi-egenerative catalytic reforming of naphtha is carried out considering catalyst deactivation and a complex multicomponent composition of a hydrocarbon mixture. The mathematical model of semi-egenerative catalytic reforming considering coke formation process was proposed. The operating parameters (yield, octane number, activity) for different catalysts were predicted and optimized. It was found that a decrease in the pressure range from 1.5 to 1.2 MPa at the temperature 478–481 °C and feedstock space velocity equal to 1.4–1 h induces an increase in the yield for 1–2 wt.% due to an increase in the aromatization reactions rate and a decrease in the hydrocracking reactions rate depending on the feedstock composition and catalyst type. It is shown that the decrease in pressure is limited by the requirements for the catalyst stability due to the increase in the coke formation rate. The criterion of optimality is the yield, expressed in octanes per tons.
Well log data super-resolution based on locally linear embedding
Authors: Han Jian , Gao Pan , Cao Zhimin , Li Jing , Wang Sijie , Yang Can
Published: September 2021

Unconventional remaining oil and gas resources such as tight oil, shale oil, and coalbed gas are currently the focus of the exploration and development of major oil fields all over the world. Therefore, to make best understand of target reservoirs, enhancing the vertical resolution of well log data is crucial important. However, in the face of the continuous low-level fluctuations of international oil price, large scale use of expensive high resolution well logging hardware tools has always been unaffordable and unacceptable. In another aspect, traditional well log interpolation methods can always not realize high reliable information enhancement for crucial high frequency components. In this paper, in order to improve the well log data super-resolution performance, we propose for the first time to employ Locally Linear Embedding (LLE) technique to reveal the nonlinear mapping relationship between 2-times-scale-difference well log data. Several super resolution experiments with well log data from a given area of Daqing Oil field, China, were conducted. Experimental results illustrated that the proposed LLE-based method can efficiently achieve more reliable super-resolution results than other state-of-the-art methods.
Idiomatic expression usage recognition by neural networks
Authors: Сердюк Юрий Петрович , Власова Наталья Александровна
Published: September 2021

Многие идиоматические выражения могут использоваться не только в переносном смысле, но и в прямом. Распознавание того или иного случая их употребления является важной задачей во многих приложениях обработки текстов на естественном языке, в частности, в машинном переводе. В настоящей работе предлагается автоматический способ распознавания прямого и переносного использования идиоматических выражений на основе анализа их локальных контекстов с помощью рекуррентных нейронных сетей. Исследованы два типа таких сетей для решения данной задачи — обычные рекуррентные нейросети и двунаправленные их модификации. Рассмотрены варианты представления слов контекста как в виде нормальных форм,так и виде словоформ, встретившихся в тексте. Описаны способ построения и характеристики дистрибутивной модели, в которой хранятся векторные представления слов и целевых идиоматических выражений. В заключение мы даем обзор наиболее важных работ по данной проблематике.
Cataract surgery in children with congenital aniridia
Authors:   Cheboksary branch of S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Cheboksary, Voskresenskaya А. , Batkov Y. ,   Cheboksary branch of S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Cheboksary, Pozdeyeva N. ,   Cheboksary branch of S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Cheboksary
Published: September 2021

Purpose. Analysis of clinical and functional results of cataract surgery in children with congenital aniridia. Material and methods. Retrospective analysis of treatment results of 46 children and adolescents up to 18 years (92 eyes), whose average age was 6.2±5 years. In the postoperative period, the dynamics of visual functions, the state of the corneal surface and changes in intraocular pressure were assessed. Results. The average age of surgical interventions for lens opacities was 14±3 years. The improvement in visometry data, observed in the first years after the removal of lens opacity, decreased 4 years after surgery, and visual acuity indices did not significantly differ from preoperative values (p=0.07). Regardless of the method of correcting postoperative aphakia, cataract surgery in children was associated with the risks of progression of keratopathy (45%), development of secondary glaucoma (15%) and retinal detachment (10%). In 70% of cases, regardless of the choice of the method of intraocular correction, the debut of the glaucomatous process occurred on average 13.7±5.25 years after cataract surgery. Conclusion. Cataract surgery is not a routine procedure and carries postoperative risks associated with the features of the aniridic eye (development of keratopathy, secondary glaucoma, aniridic fibrosis syndrome), which worsen the long-term functional results of surgery. Key words: congenital cataract, aniridia, keratopathy.
Comparative analysis of accommodative ability in children with hyperopia, anisometropia, amblyopia after femtolaser-assisted laser intrastromal keratomileusis
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Chuvash Branch, Cheboksary, Kulikova I.L. , Aleksandrova K.A. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Chuvash Branch, Cheboksary
Published: September 2021

Purpose. Analysis of the accommodative ability in children with hyperopic anisometropia, amblyopia of operated amblyopic and paired leading eyes after femtolaser-assisted laser intrastromal keratomileusis (FS-LASIK). Material and methods. In the 1st group were 20 children with hyperopic anisometropia and amblyopia after FS-LASIK. In the 2nd were children receiving conservative treatment. Results. After 6 months, when analyzing the accommodation, the coefficient of the accommodative response (CAR) of amblyopic eye in the 1st group was 0.05±0.07 conv. units, in the 2nd group was -0.1±0.19 conv. units (рm-u=0.03). The microfluctuation coefficient (CMF) of the amblyopic eye was increased, but the CMF of the paired leading eye in children after FS-LASIK approached the norm and amounted to 58.4±5.4 µF / min. In the conservative treatment group CMF remained high and was 60.8±4.44 µF / min (рm-u= 0.08). The objective accommodative response of the amblyopic eye in the 1st group increased by -1.13±0.03 diopters, in the 2nd group – by -0.82±0.48 diopters (рm-u=0.05). Conclusion. FS-LASIK helps to improve the accommodative ability in children with hyperopia, anisometropia and amblyopia. Key words: accommodation, hyperopia, anisometropia, amblyopia, FS-LASIK.
Rational use of corticosteroids in the treatment of ophthalmic herpes
Authors:   Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Zainutdinova G.K. , Babushkin A.E. ,   Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa
Published: September 2021

The article discusses the issues of rational use of corticosteroid preparations for herpes infection of the eye. On the basis of scientific literature data and our own clinical observations given in the work, corticosteroid preparations are recommended for use in ophthalmic herpes only in the absence of ulceration and violation of the integrity of the cornea. It is advisable to prescribe them in micro doses, mainly in the form of instillations and, less often, parabulbar injections, with caution, under the strict supervision of an ophthalmologist, in the minimum effective concentration and in a short course. Key words: ophthalmic herpes, therapy, rational use corticosteroids.
Subretinal injection of prourokinase in the treatment of large subretinal hemorrhages
Authors:   Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Izhevsk, Perevozchikov P.A. ,   Regional State ophthalmologic clinical hospital of Public Health Ministry of Udmurt Republic, Izhevsk, Komissarov A.V. ,   Regional State ophthalmologic clinical hospital of Public Health Ministry of Udmurt Republic, Izhevsk, Zembaeva E.V. ,   Regional State ophthalmologic clinical hospital of Public Health Ministry of Udmurt Republic, Izhevsk, Molokova N.F. ,   Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Izhevsk,   Regional State ophthalmologic clinical hospital of Public Health Ministry of Udmurt Republic, Izhevsk
Published: September 2021

8 patients were treated in the Regional State ophthalmologic clinical hospital of Public Health Ministry of Udmurt Republic with subretinal hemorrhage. All performed 25-gage vitrectomy with removal of the posterior hyaloid membrane, subretinal injection of 500 ME prourokinase and air tamponade of the vitreous cavity. In the postoperative period, patients occupied a forced position of the body face up for 2 hours, then were transferred to an upright position for 1 day face down. All patients had resorption of subretinal hemorrhage, visual acuity from 0,009±0,005 improved to 0,15±0,05 (p<0.05; U-criterion). The technique proved to be a highly effective method of rehabilitation of patients with extensive subretinal hemorrhage. Key words: subretinal hemorrhage, prourokinase, vitrectomy.
Bacterial conjunctivitis (literature review)
Authors:   Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Babushkin A.E. , Shrvchuk N.E. ,   Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to bacterial conjunctivitis. The review of scientific works on this problem presents the clinic, diagnosis and comprehensive treatment of this ophthalmopathology. At the same time, much attention is paid to antibiotic therapy of bacterial conjunctivitis. A special place in it is occupied by antibiotic fluoroquinolones, which have a wide spectrum of action, including gram-positive and gram-negative causative agents of eye infections, and can be considered the drugs of first choice in bacterial conjunctivitis, especially resistant to other antibiotics. Key words: bacterial conjunctivitis, clinic, diagnosis, treatment.
Effect of nitrogen sources and surfactants on cellulase production by fungal strains under submerged cultivation
Authors: Verma Nitin , Kumar Vivek
Published: September 2021

Cellulase, as a complex enzyme containing endoglucanase, exoglucanase and beta‐glucosidase, acts to hydrolyze cellulose in order to be converted into glucose units. These subunits of cellulase synergistically hydrolyze the cellulosic substrate of industrial importance. The biosynthesis of celluase by microorganisms has been recently paid much attention Nitrogen is one of the important elements required for growth of microorganisms. Provision of utilizable form of nitrogen source to organisms is the basic requirement to be fulfilled for optimal growth. The use of surfactants in the production of hydrolytic enzymes is well known. Many reports have shown the stimulatory effects of surfactants on enzyme production by microorganisms in submerged or solid state fermentation. The effects of several surfactants on the activity of cellulase enzyme were also studied in this study. Among the nitrogen sources, proteose peptone and yeast extract were found quite effective nitrogen sources whereas tween -80 and oil of olive performed well as surfactants by fungal growth and production system.
Der Obstanbau auf den Ländereien der Gutsherrschaft Reinhardtsgrimma
Authors: Mauersberger Susan
Published: September 2021

Die Autorin geht in ihrem Beitrag auf die Pomologie der Länderein Reinhardtsgrimmas ein. Thematisiert werden unter anderem die Entwicklug und Bedeutung der Pomologie, sowie der Obstanbau als Wirtschaftsfaktor für das Rittergut in Reinhardtsgrimma.
Das Schloss Reinhardtsgrimma und seine Bewohner
Authors: Köhler Marcus
Published: September 2021

In diesem Beitrag stellt Marcus Köhler, Professor für Geschichte der Landschaftsarchitektur und Gartendenkmalpflege an der Technischen Universität Dresden, die Bewohner*innen des Schlosses Reinhardtsgrimmas vor, die seit dem 17. Jahrhundert auf dem Rittergut lebten.
Risk Factors of Influenza-Associated Necrotizing Encephalopathy in Children
Authors:   Department of Pediatric Emergency, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China, G Liu , S Yang ,   epartment of Pediatric Neurology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China, S Li ,   Department of Pediatric Emergency, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China, Q Chen ,   Department of Pediatric Emergency, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China, W Xiao ,   Department of Pediatric Radiology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China, P Li ,   Department of Pediatric Emergency, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
Published: September 2021

Objective: A case-control study of Influenza-Associated Necrotizing Encephalopathy (IANE) in children was conducted to explore the risk factors for the diagnosis of IANE, and to provide a predictive reference for the diagnosis of IANE. Methods: The children with IANE who received treatment in our hospital from January 2016 to December 2020 were selected as the study group, and the children with Influenza-Associated Encephalopathy (IAE) group who received treatment in the same period were selected as the control group. The blood biochemical, coagulation function and cerebrospinal fluid test results of the two groups were analyzed by univariate analysis. Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (ROC) analysis was used to determine the optimal threshold point of each index for the indicators with statistically significant differences in univariate analysis results, and multivariate Logistic stepwise regression analysis was performed according to the optimal threshold points. Results: In the IANE group, there were 32 children, including 20 males and 12 females, aged 58 (23, 97) months. There were 40 children in IAE group, including 26 males and 14 females, aged 58 (23, 97) months. Univariate results showed that serum Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), Cerebrospinal Fluid Lactate Dehydrogenase (CSF LDH) and Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein (CSF Pro) in the IANE group were significantly higher than those in the IAE group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P <0.001). The optimal threshold points of blood LDH, CSF LDH and CSF Pro by ROC curve analysis were 535U/L, 67U/L and 0.49g/L, respectively. Further Multivariate Logistic stepwise regression analysis showed that LDH >535U/L (OR=31.264, 95% CI: 5.892-165.878, P <0.001) and CSF PRO >0.49g/L (OR=7.695, 95% CI: 1.052-56.305, P=0.044) were independent risk factors for IANE. Conclusion: For children with influenza whose neurological symptoms appear rapidly and persist in the early stages of the disease, blood LDH >535U/L and CSF PRO >0.49g/L are independent risk factors for IANE.
On the Relationship Between Placental Opioid-Enhancing Factor and Neuropeptide FF
Authors:   Department of Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Park Hall, University at Buffalo, USA, JW Corpening
Published: September 2021

Both ingested placenta and Neuropeptide FF (NPFF) are known to modify opioid activity. The following mini-review highlights the similarities in the function of ingested placenta and NPFF, and suggests that NPFF may be a key peptide mediating the CNS-based actions of ingested placenta. There is an advantage to understanding the mechanism of ingested placenta’s modification of opioid activity, in that such understanding may contribute to alternate painmanagement strategies.
Umifenovir and coronavirus infections: a review of research results and clinical practice
Authors: Leneva I. A. , Pshenichnaya N. Y. , Bulgakova V. A.
Published: September 2021

Coronaviruses are known to cause acute respiratory infections. Antiviral therapy, including for COVID-19, is based on clinical practice, experimental data and trial results. The purpose of this review is to: provide and systematize actual preclinical data, clinical trials results and clinical practice for antiviral agent umifenovir (Arbidol). Databases Scopus, Web of Science, RSCI and medRxiv were used for publication searching from 2004. A meta-analysis of clinical trials results was performed. Umifenovir is antiviral agent, it belongs to fusion inhibitors, interacts with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Umifenovir the impede the trimerization of spike glycoprotein and inhibit host cell adhesion, at the level of the coronaviruses S-protein of interaction with ACE2 receptor. Preclinical studies in vitro and on animals show umifenovir activity against a number of coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and others. Umifenovir, in combination with other antiviral drugs, symptomatic or traditional medicine, was used in China to treat patients with COVID-19, resulting in reduced mortality, virus elimination, the frequency of more severe course and complications in middle severity. However, antiviral therapy for the treatment of severe patients, with ARDS, did not lead to improved outcomes. In comparative clinical studies, umifenovir showed similar effectiveness with other antiviral drugs, and lower frequency of adverse reactions. Therapy with umifenovir, led to an increase percentage of patients with negative results of PCR tests on days 714 (I2=69.8%, RR 0.48, 95% CI 0.190.76; p=0.001). The efficacy and safety of antivirals against SARS-CoV-2 still requires clinical investigation. Moderate forms of COVID-19 could be effectively treated by antivirals, but severe forms of COVID-19, characterized by pulmonary immunopathology, require different approaches to treatment.
The problem of global development of antibiotic resistant nosocomial pathogens
Authors: Gabrielyan N. I. , Sharapchenko S. О. , Kisil О. V. , Kormilitsina V. G. , Drabkina I. V. , Safonova Т. B. , Petrukhina М. I. , Saitgareev R. Sh. , Zakharevich V. М.
Published: September 2021

The problem of global expansion of multidrug-resistant nosocomial infections pathogens is under special attention at the moment. Antibiotic resistance increasing give us the limited treatment options. This problem is particularly acute for transplant clinics, because of patients need lifelong immunosuppressive therapy. From the one hand this ensures stable allograft functioning, but from the other increases the risk of severe infectious complications in the postoperative period. The purpose of this article is analysis carbapenem resistance dynamics of Klebsiella spp., Acinetobacter spp., Pseudomonas spp. and Staphylococcus spp. isolated from the blood of recipients of donor organs from 2009 to 2019 in the Shumakov National Medical Research Center of Transplantology and Artificial Organs. A significant annual decrease of carbapenem-sensitive strains of Klebsiella spp. and Acinetobacter spp. are shown. The study of a distinctive pathogen resistance profile specific to each institution can help one in selecting an adequate antimicrobial strategy and is an effective predictive tool for controlling the growth of multidrug-resistant microorganisms.
Organizing the medical care for the COVID-19 patients in non-infectious Moscow hospital: reassignment experience
Authors: Nikitin I. G. , Melekhov A. V. , Sayfullin M. A. , Agafonov S. S. , Bedritskiy S. A. , Vishninskiy A. A. , Gultiaeva N. A. , Guseynov E. R. , Ermakov N. A. , Zorin E. A. , Koroleva Iu. V. , Kudryavtsev D. V. , Manevskiy A. P. , Negovskiy A. A. , Petrovichev V. S. , Rudakov B. E. , Ruleva A. I. , Serebryakov A. B. , Sitnikov A. R. , Fedosova N. F. , Khammad E. V. , Avramov A. A. , Agaeva A. I. , Golubykh K. Y.
Published: September 2021

Aim. To present the results of work of National Medical Research Center of Treatment and Rehabilitation, reassigned for COVID-19 patients treatment during pandemic. Run-up methodology, procedures and working process organization are detailed.
Materials and methods. 354 COVID-19 patients were treated from 13.04.2020 to 10.06.2020 [age 59 (470) years, 56% women, body mass index 28.5 (24.932.2) kg/m2]. Patients were admitted at 8 (611) day of sickness. In-hospital stay was 16 (1420) days.
Results. NEWS scale at the day of admittance was 2 (14); 2 (13) in patients discharged alive and 6 (47) in died patients, p=0.0001. So prognostic accuracy of NEWS scale was confirmed as very well (area under ROC-curve = 0.819). 69 patients (19.5%) were treated at intensive care department for 7 (413) days. 13 patients died, 11 of them had COVID-19 as direct or indirect cause of death. Total in-hospital mortality was 3.67%, in-hospital mortality of COVID-19 patients 3.1%. 17 healthcare workers (HCW), contacted with COVID-19 patients were infected (2.67%). 4 HCW, who had no direct contact with patients were also infected and 7 HCW were infected before the first patient was admitted. No one of them died.
Conclusion. Complex tasks of healthcare organization during COVID-19 pandemic can be solved quickly with acceptable quality, characterized by low levels of patients; mortality and HCW infection.
Diagrammatic Iconicity in EkeGusii: A relation between the structure of form and meaning
Authors:   Kisii University, Kenya, E.O. Mariera ,   Kisii University, Kenya, G.Mecha E ,   Kisii University, Kenya, M.Anyona G ,   Kisii University, Kenya
Published: September 2021

This paper mainly presents evidence for a relationship between language structure and meaning in EkeGusii, a Bantu language spoken in Kenya. The main argument is that the structure of language mirrors the structure of reality. A brief overview of other scholars demonstrates that diagrammatic iconicity shows universal tendencies. Five main ideas run down the discussion. Firstly, in EkeGusii, speakers sub-consciously cluster sounds around related meanings, evidencing gestalt and relative iconicity. Secondly, there is evidence of overlap of morphological and phonetic iconicity, an aspect of phonaesthesia. Thirdly, reduplication in certain infinitives demonstrates the reality of phono-iconicity in EkeGusii, augmented by unpleasant sound sequences. Fourthly, certain onomatopes in EkeGusii are actually diagrammatic, indicating that there is no one stop criterion for classifying overlapping types of icons. And finally, the paper posits that iconicity intersects with arbitrariness showing that language has both motivated and discrete symbols.
A Feature Percolation Convention of Affixation Processes in Urhobo
Authors:   University of Nigeria, Nigeria, B. E. Odeh
Published: September 2021

This paper seeks to examine headedness in affixation processes in Urhobo using a feature percolation approach. Affixation is a rich source of word formation process in the Urhobo language. The specific objectives are to identify affixation processes in Urhobo, investigate how they are used to derive words and determine headedness in the Urhobo language using a feature percolation theory as a framework. This paper reveals three affixation processes in Urhobo, which are prefixes, circumfixes and suffixes. Affixation is a derivational aspect of morphology and it brings about change in the grammatical class of the word or rather, provides additional semantic information to a word. The paper discovers that new words are derived in the language by attaching an affix either at the beginning (prefix), or to the end (suffix) of a word. This process is very productive in the language. The paper reveals that the head of a word using prefix is left-right branching while for suffixes, it is right-left branching. The prefix and suffix attached to a root to form the circumfix project to be the head of a word. The study observes circumfixes to have two heads. Feature percolation theory is also used to determine the head of a word in Urhobo. The paper concludes by recommending further researches on the use of theories especially morphological theories in analysing morphological processes in Urhobo.
The Riba¯ Case Pending for three Decades: The Federal Shar¯ı‘at Court, Pakistan may Fulfill its Constitutional Responsibility by Outlawing the Interest
Authors:   The Editor, Journal of Islamic Business and Management, Ayub Muhammad
Published: September 2021

While Islamic banking is being promoted by the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) working parallel with the conventional banking since 2002, the Constitution of Pakistan requires that interest must be outlawed from the economy as early as possible [Article 38 (f)]. The legal trajectory of interest made its way to the Federal Shar¯ı‘at Court (FSC) after the 10-years moratorium on adjudicating fiscal and banking matters ended at the end of May 1990. The FSC and subsequently the Shar¯ı‘at Appellate Bench (SAB) of the Supreme Court of Pakistan delivered their landmark judgments in 1991 and 1999 respectively, but the state officials opted to hide behind some constitutional provisions, or the presumed view of some jurists /scholars to plead that the ‘interest" was not that rib¯a as prohibited by Qur’¯an. Although, the connotation of rib¯a has long been agreed at the level of Islamic ummah to include modern commercial interest in rib¯a, and efforts for evolving ‘interest-free’ banking and finance system are underway also including Pakistan, but there have been some hindrances in implementation of Islamic injunctions and the Shar¯ı‘at Courts’ judgments. The rib¯a case being reheard in the FSC since 2013, after it was remanded back by the SAB in 2001 is becoming gradually complicated. The debt trap for Pakistan’s economy is becoming increasingly painful requiring to transfer almost all resources for servicing the debt. However, little effort has been made to transform the economy of Pakistan to risk and reward sharing and cooperative bases in the light of Islamic principles. During the hearing of the case in May this year the representatives of the state contended that "the non-justiciable policy decisions regarding implementable possibilities were beyond the jurisdiction of the Shar¯ı‘at Court."
From Disgust to Delight: Schadenfreude in the Creation of Left-wing Subjectivity
Authors:   , Bliem Sophia
Published: September 2021

The concept of schadenfreude in the Oxford English Dictionary is understood as ‘the pleasure derived from the misfortune of others’, understood in this research as a sensation or “pre-cognitive intensity”, which affords the subject a certain self-satisfaction in an automatic, unconscious process. Left-wing, late-night political comedy news shows validate the use of a ‘justice-based’ schadenfreude, based on the perceived deservingness of the misfortune of conservative figures, as shorthand to inform and confirm their viewers’ subject position as liberal thinkers.

By focussing on The Daily Show with Trevor Noah, this thesis sets out to claim that schadenfreude, both found immediately in Daily Show content and in an extended ‘mood landscape’ fashioned via remediation of the original content, operates to become a key signifier of left-wing subjectivity.

Following Benedict Spinoza, this research presents a two-sided vision of schadenfreude as an ‘affect’, positing that it entails an equation of ‘disgust’—based on “trajectories of repulsion” from an external affecting body—and ‘delight’, along an axis of conservative misfortune. This project highlights the intersection between mediated schadenfreude and Judith Butler’s paradoxical elements of subjectivity; subjection, and becoming a subject. To develop this question further, the thesis turns briefly to right-wing spheres of schadenfreude, a secondary location to ascertain theextent of the ‘ephemerality’ of affect as it is placed in media structures.

Through analysis of the show’s semiotic and rhetorical techniques of analogy, intertextuality, and vignette across various video clips on YouTube, and their adoption by secondary media institutions such as The Guardian and The New York Times, the thesis isolates the manner in which mediated schadenfreude works to interpellate the audience and craft a left-wing ‘mood’, using the conservative body and its humiliation as a site to articulate liberal political subjectivity.
Design of Special-shaped Interchange between Expressway and Urban Road in Mountainous Cities
Authors: Ye Shang
Published: September 2021

Driven by the rapid economic development, the development of transportation in China has begun to move towards mountainous areas. The climate environment, topography and landform of mountainous cities are different from those of plain areas. In mountainous cities, the area of opposite interchanges between expressways and urban roads is generally large, which has a certain contradiction with the topographic conditions of mountainous cities. Therefore, it is necessary to reasonably design the opposite interchanges between expressways and urban roads in mountainous cities. The author explores and analyzes the factors restricting the special-shaped interchange between expressway and urban road in mountainous cities and the main forms of special-shaped interchange, and puts forward a reasonable design scheme, hoping to make a smooth development of the special-shaped interchange in mountainous cities.
Question as an Ontological Principle in Ahmadi Mala's" Return of Zardasht
Authors: Abdulaghafur Hazhar Ahmed , Nabee Ibrahim Mohamed
Published: September 2021

Existence as the basis of all that exists (in general) is an important element of philosophy and poetry. Throughout histroy, less or more, attantion has been paid to existence mater in all its dimentions by philosophers and poets and thinkers. In Kurdish literature, the reflection and reaction of this subject is clearly noticeable in the poetry products. Thus, this research,  entitled "Question as an ontology principle in Ahmadi Mala's" Return of Zardasht" is focused on, the closeness of poetry and philosophy and the probablity of expressing the philosophy in two pieces of poetry and literature; works on the existence, and tries to analys and interpret the context of poetry of (Return of Zardasht) of  'Ahmadi Mala'. This is to bring antological questions foth as preconditional characteristic. The question whereby as motivation of searching for the existence, and then rising it, introduces human as delicated creature and provides the path to reach exsitence and its very facts.
Television For Educating Students With The Help of Up-to-Date University Students
Authors: Esmail Sivan Omar , Amin Khdir Ahmad  , Himdad Ali Hussein
Published: September 2021

Media uses many different tools in its efforts to believe, using radio, television, posters and some other devices, trying to gain trust and support; which means media tools can be used for control. The increase in media importance in different communities is due to the creation of media tools, and the importance of individuals in society with these tools, especially television, so we see if media or television are in a way Positive is used in a way that plays an important role in bringing about the social change of development and development in all aspects of life in society, and if it is misused, it will have a bad effect on all individual parties in society, so this study contains three goals: -

knowing the role of television in creating anxiety by students in a general way
Knowing the role of television in creating anxiety by students based on gender change
Knowing the role of television in creating anxiety by students according to the stage change

Researchers used the method of resolution, the limit of this research by Raparin University students for 2020-2021, the Research Society consists of all students of the Basic Education College whose number is 1216, the sample of research consists of 100 (1,4) stage students from all different departments, the scale of the study prepared by researchers, The most important results of the research are anxiety by the example of the study, which is no different from the gender and stage changes.