bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antitumor Effect of the Synthesized Chalcone Analogues on HeLa Cell Line
Authors: Anđelković Marija , Nikolić Ivana , Luković Jovan , Mitrović Marina , Zelen Ivanka , Muškinja Jovana , Ratković Zoran , Popović Suzana , Stanković Sanja , Pirković Marijanа Stanojević
Published: April 2022

Chalcones represent a type of flavonoids which are located at vegetative and reproductive organs of plants and they can be metabolic progenitor molecules for several flavonoids and isoflavonoids. Many studies indicated that molecular structure of chalcone accountable for their anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. The aim of our research was to investigate anti-tumor effect and mechanism of action of three synthesized chalcone analogues on HeLa cells. The anti-tumor effectiveness of chalcone analogues was compared to effects of the dehydrozingerone and cisplatin that were used as referent substances.

The viability of the treated cells was evaluated using MTT assay. Evaluation of cell death was determined by flow cytometry and cells were stained with Annexin V-FITC/7-AAD. The result of our research indicated that used chalcones have stronger antitumor effect relative to the dehydrozingerone and cisplatin.

The IC50 values of the chalcones ranged between 1.69-6.18 μM, with CH1 being more cytotoxic after 24 h of treatment, while CH3 being more cytotoxic after 48 h of treatment on HeLa cells. All investigated chalcones induced apoptosis in HeLa cells via mitochondrial pathway, which was detected expression Bax and Bcl- 2 proteins.

Our results provided evidence that chalcones induced apoptosis in HeLa cervical carcinoma through the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. These findings provide insights into the molecular mechanism of chalcones-induced cell death.
LA RECENSION DE TEXTE ET LE TEXTE SCIENTIFIQUE: UN AIR DE FAMILLE? IS THERE A FAMILY RESEMBLANCE BETWEEN BOOK REVIEW AND SCIENTIFIC TEXT?
Authors:   Transilvania University, Brasov, Romania, ALIC Liliana
Published: April 2022

Book reviews, as well as scientific texts, are unanimously appreciated for their formative and informative value. In order to highlight specific features of both types of texts, a comparative analysis will be used, based on cognitive theory, mainly the prototype theory and the family resemblance theory, and a corpus linguistics methodology. The article pursues various aspects of communication of scientific information in these two types of texts in point of lexical units and other linguistic means.
EXPLORING THE RELEVANCE OF INTRODUCING GENRE-BASED APPROACHES TO TEACHING WRITING
Authors:   “Ovidius” University of Constanța, The Doctoral School of Humanities, DULGHERU (GOLDAN) Alina-Roxana DULGHERU (GOLDAN)
Published: April 2022

Genre has a great impact on how language teaching is understood (Derewianka, 2003). On the one hand, from the perspective of the research aims, this article is intended to offer a brief overview of how genre is understood in linguistics, as well as of several genre-based approaches in applied linguistcs, with special reference to language teaching. On the other hand, from the perspective of teaching aims, this study attempts to investigate the students’ awareness regarding various genres that are relevant for their age group and language proficiency level, prior to explicit genre teaching. The results of this small-scale study have confirmed that genre-based approaches to teaching help raise the students’ awareness of genre features and are conducive to more effective reading, in preparation for purposeful writing.
DIAGNOSING MEDICAL TRANSLATION AND FRAMING CURRENT CHALLENGES
Authors:   University of Craiova, RUSU Mihai Robert , VÎLCEANU Titela ,   University of Craiova
Published: April 2022

Specialised translation includes technical and scientific translation as research fields in their own right, on account of method, text type, purpose of translating and degree of specialisation. Being a borderline case between technical and scientific translation, medical translation requires a multidisciplinary approach. Admittedly, the paper focuses on shedding light on the complexity of medical translation, the medical translator facing as main challenges a vast range of texts and formats (even within the same sub-field of medicine), non-standardised terminology (continuing to evolve as aligned to new scientific discoveries), a lack of relevant resources (most importantly, multilingual medical databases) and the different expectations of the intended users of translation.
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND COMMUNICATION SKILLS IN THE TEACHING-LEARNING PROCESS
Authors:   University of Craiova, STAMATESCU Claudia-Raluca
Published: April 2022

This article is a theoretical-scientific research of the different conceptual approaches to emotional intelligence and communication skills in the teaching-learning process, carried out mainly in the online environment. Thus, we shall list and describe the key elements of emotional intelligence, highlighting, among others, communication skills. This paper axiomatically acknowledges the importance of emotional intelligence in the process of didactic communication, where many communication barriers can easily occur, and in this sense emotional intelligence plays a fairly important role in achieving communication goals and obtaining feedback appropriate to communicative intent.
MAGIC AND SOCIETY: HARRY POTTER’S EFFECT ON READING THROUGH THE EMPOWERMENT OF LEARNERS AND OF EDUCATORS
Authors:   Institute of Doctoral Studies, “Ovidius” University, Constanța, GĂRI NEGUȚ Oana
Published: April 2022

Harry Potter is a blockbuster. Reading the books from the series, one can find challenges and problems every adolescent confronts with. Harry faces real-world challenges, such as: racism, status in society, corruption. Reading about Harry Potter’s experiences, the choices he faces and the dilemmas he has empowers the reader (the learner) to find a way through his/her own choices and dilemmas. Education through active citizenship means empowering the learners to take part actively in society and to think critically about certain issues in society. Harry Potter books are a good resource for educators in attaining active citizenship skills.
AN IN-DEPTH STUDY OF CHINESE CULTUREMES – CARRIERS OF THE MOST SUBTLE CULTURAL ALLUSIONS – EXCERPTED FROM CHINESE CONTEMPORARY NOVELS IN ROMANIAN TRANSLATION
Authors:   Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Faculty of Letters and Arts, Chinese Studies, CÎNDEA GÎȚĂ Iulia Elena
Published: April 2022

Culturemes are the markers of the source culture, which can reach the reader in the target language only through the ability of the translator, who must, in fact, be a great connoisseur of the most hidden cultural details. For the transposition of a foreign culture into a new culture, for a proper communication between them, a loan is needed, retrieval and processing of information so that it is accepted. The motivation behind this study is to provide an overview of how to approach culturemes in the translation of works of contemporary Chinese literature in Romanian, works characterized by great linguistic and extra-linguistic generosity. In order to achieve this goal, we followed the stages of identifying the culturemes from thirty-one Chinese contemporary novels translated in Romanian; followed by creating a corpus based on fourteen categories and five equivalence methods to ensure the cultural equivalence, coherence and homogeneity of Chinese works recreated for the Romanian reader. Finally, we performed an in-depth study of a selection of culturemes from each category, with the aim of showing their distribution in the Romanian translation of Chinese fiction. The study intends to provoke but also to help raise the awareness that translations are not only transpositions (by this we mean moving from one linguistic register to another without operating the text as part of a cultural whole, approaching it externally to all of its sources of influence from the culture in which it has been created) of a work in another language, but they have the primary role of enriching knowledge about one's culture, civilization, literature – i.e. China’s cultural heritage for the present study. Culturally-aware literary translations are the most effective and most stable manner of intercultural exchange, of international prosperity of a culture, of understanding and acknowledging the cultural specifics of one nation. The intertextual references – the culturemes – studied, are part, as will be presented, of all cultural spheres, from those denoting the daily life of the Chinese, the food and basic needs, to those denoting holidays, toponymy, units of measurement, history, but also those that are politically motivated, while also spiritual, subtle, erudite, which only close study, extensive knowledge and diligent work can drive the translator to find and transfer them to the target reader.
Reconexión de agua, comunidad y territorio en ciudades: el caso del Lago de Texcoco.
Authors:   Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua - IMTA, Pedrozo Acuña Adrián
Published: April 2022

En todas las cuencas del mundo, las actividades humanas introducen cambios en el patrón del uso del suelo y la ocupación del territorio, que dan pie a un sinnúmero de procesos que modifican la calidad del medio ambiente e incluso del mismo medio urbano (Zope et al. 2016; Weather y Evans, 2009). Entre estos procesos de transformación del territorio, la urbanización genera diversas alteraciones en el paisaje natural que lo modifican y fragmentan, poniendo una gran presión sobre especies nativas de flora y fauna, cuyas poblaciones frecuentemente se reducen a raíz del crecimiento de las zonas urbanas. Por esta razón, estos cambios son considerados como un vector de degradación del ambiente y la salud de los ecosistemas.
Commentary on Jia-Ying Yuan et al.: Research Progress on Icariin, a Traditional Chinese Medicine Extract, in the Treatment of Asthma
Authors:   The First Affiliated Hospital Of Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Zhao Jia-Yi
Published: April 2022

Icariin is a major bioactive component extracted from Epimediumbrevicornum Maxim, which has various biological attributessuch as anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activities, and immune regulation.
Association of Loneliness, Social Isolation and Daily Cognitive Function in Mexican Older Adults Living in Community during the First Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown
Authors:   Instituto Nacional De Ciencias Medicas Y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran, Gloria Aguilar-Navarro Sara
Published: April 2022

Loneliness and social isolation are known risk factors for cognitive decline; their effect in Older Adults (OA) after COVID-19 lockdown is emerging.
Peculiarities of the Dynamics of Medical Relations in Medical Law: Certain Aspects
Authors: Senyuta I. Y.
Published: April 2022

The peculiarities of the implementation of the constitutional right to health care, medical assistance and medical insurance in martial law are clarified and the limits of its implementation are highlighted. It is established that accor­ding to the legislation of Ukraine in the conditions of the imposed martial law, the right guaranteed in Art. 49 of the Constitution of Ukraine, is not subject to restriction due to the absence in the list of constitutional rights that are subject to restriction in Presidential Decree № 64/2022. The normative regulation of the procedure for involvement of the doctors and other foreign health workers and stateless persons in the provision of assistance to victims who come to health care facilities, which is full of regulatory conflicts and controversies, has been studied. It is established that only those health care institutions whose organizational and legal form is communal institutions have the right to involve foreign or stateless medical workers in volunte­ering. The responsibilities of the municipal institutions that involved medical volunteers in their activities have been crystallized, namely: a) to inform the National Social Service of Ukraine in written form within five working days from the moment of involving foreigners and stateless persons in volunteering; b) to inform the Ministry of Health of Ukraine about the involvement of doctors and other foreign and stateless persons in providing assistance to the victims; c) to notify the State Migration Service of Ukraine within five working days in case of termination of volunteering by a foreigner or a stateless person. It has been established that the victims who come to health care facilities are patients by their legal status, so they retain all the guarantees provided by the legislation of Ukraine. In addition, patients under the Law of Ukraine «On Volunteering» in extrapolation to the field of medical care have the right for: a) respectful and humane treatment by volunteers and organizations and institutions that involve volunteers in their activities; b) receiving information about their rights, responsibilities and conditions for providing volunteer assistance; c) observance of the legal regime of information with limited access, i.e. observance of the right to secrecy about the health status; d) selection of volunteers and organizations and institutions that involve volunteers in their activities, forms of volunteer assistance; e) protection of their rights and legitimate interests in accordance with the law.
Treatment of acute viral bronchiolitis
Authors: Dall’ Olio Carla , Sant’ Anna Maria , Sant’ Anna Clemax
Published: April 2022

INTRODUCTION: Acute viral bronchiolitis (AVB) is one of the main respiratory infections in infants. Available information on the treatment of AVB in children under 2 years is reported, based on the most recent scientific evidence published in the literature. METHODS: Simple non-systematic review was performed on PubMed and Cochrane sites using the terms “bronchiolitis”, “viral bronchiolitis”, “infant” and “treatment” in Portuguese. In the English language, the terms were “bronchiolitis”, “viral bronchiolitis”, “infant”, and “drug therapy”. The search period was 15 years, from 2004 to 2019. The materials obtained had the title and abstract read; when the documents reported more recent evidence on the subject, they were read in full. RESULTS: In the databases cited there were 1,091 non-systematic reviews, 113 clinical protocols, 3 editorials, 243 articles. The currently most accepted treatments for AVB are oxygen supplementation in the presence of hypoxemia and noninvasive or invasive ventilatory support, according to the severity of respiratory failure. DISCUSSION: Increased knowledge about the pathophysiology of AVB has allowed us to review the treatments used in the past and now. The treatment of AVB deserves reflection and new intervention proposals, since current scientific evidence levels do not support the use of corticosteroids and beta 2 adrenergic, routine practices of pediatricians. Clinical stabilization of the patient, oxygen therapy and ventilatory support are recommended.
Head circumference: an anthropometric parameter underreported in child health card
Authors: Del-Ciampo Ieda , Zerezuella Mariane , Del-Ciampo Luiz
Published: April 2022

INTRODUCTION: Head circumference (HC) is directly related to the speed of brain growth. The usual record in the child health card (CHC) would help its longitudinal interpretation by health professionals. Hypothesis: HC would be less registered in the CSC than Weight (W) and Lenght (L) in the first two years of life. OBJECTIVES: To describe the frequency and the correlation between HC, W and L records in infants CHC. METHODS: A cross-sectional, descriptive study included children up to 2 years of age attending the basic health center. Data were collected by interviews and records from the CHC. The moments of the anthropometric records of the 77 children were categorized as 0 (birth), I, II, III and IV, respectively. Comparison between qualitative variables was calculated by chi-square test or Fishers exact test, significance level p = 0.05; software: EPI-INFO 7. RESULTS: There was a progressive decrease in the frequency of HC records in relation to W at moments I-100% and 72.8% (p = 0.001); II-96.9% and 56.2% (p = 0.0002); III-96.1% and 50% (p = 0.003); and IV-100% and 50% (p = 0.004), respectively. The HC record was also smaller than the L record at moments I-86.5% and 72.8% (p = 0.247); II-65.6% and 56.2% (p = 0.608); III-80.8% and 50% (p = 0.0003); and IV-50% and 50% (p = 1); respectively. CONCLUSION: HC was the less reported and it may have impaired the longitudinal assessment by health professionals.
Social representations hydric resources and services in the COVID-19 era
Authors:   Department of Psychology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, Aguayo José Marcos Bustos , Vázquez Francisco Rubén Sandoval , Lirios Cruz García ,   Department of Social Work, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Mexico, México, Ramirez Michiko Amemiya , Nájera Margarita Juárez , Ruíz Héctor Daniel Molina
Published: April 2022

Water problems focused on scarcity, shortages, unhealthiness and high cost have been addressed from the social representations of users of the public drinking water service, although such studies have avoided the incidence of print media on readers. The objective of the present work was to specify a model for the study of the phenomenon, considering a review of press releases of national circulation during the period from 2015 to 2022, as well as the inclusion of frames in the disseminated information. A prevalence of the data was observed towards an intermediate frame of the problems, although the research design limited the results to the study scenario, suggesting the extension of the work to other scenarios such as the contamination of the aquifers and their effects on health Environmental public.
Partnerattiecību institūts – problēmjautājumi un tiesiskā regulējuma pilnveide Latvijas Republikā. Promocijas darba kopsavilkums
Authors:   ,   Rīgas Stradiņa universitāte, Rozentāle Lidija
Published: April 2022

Personu brīvā kustība un savstarpējās saskarsmes vienkāršotā izplatība (attiecību liberalizācija) aktualizē jautājumu par tiesībām uz privātās dzīves, mājokļa un korespondences, tostarp “ģimenes dzīves”, neaizskaramību. Mūsdienu sociālā realitāte pieprasa ģimenes tiesību jauninājumus, kā arī mantisko jautājumu risinājumu atbilstoši sabiedrības vajadzībām. Šie jautājumi skar ne tikai Latviju, bet arī citas valstis, kur līdz šim nav partnerattiecību tiesiskā regulējuma, tādējādi juridiski paliek neatzīta divu personu ārpus laulības savienība, kas tādā vai citādā veidā dibina ģimeni. Vēl diskutablāks ir jautājums par viena dzimuma partnerattiecību legalizēšanu nacionālajās tiesību normās. Publiskajā telpā arvien vērojamas plašas diskusijas par partnerattiecību tiesiskā regulējuma nepieciešamību, lai nodrošinātu vienlīdzīgu tiesisko drošību ģimenei neatkarīgi no tās dibināšanas juridiskā fakta esamības vai neesamības. Promocijas darba mērķis – partnerattiecību institūta doktrīnas un ārvalstu tiesiskā regulējuma analīzes rezultātā konstatēt ģimenes saturiskā tvēruma problēmas partnerattiecību kontekstā un izvirzīt priekšlikumus partnerattiecību tiesiskā regulējuma pilnveidei Latvijas tiesību sistēmā. Promocijas darbā tiek analizēta ne tikai normatīvie akti un tiesu prakse, bet arī Latvijā pieejamie pētījumi, identificējot galvenās partnerattiecībās dzīvojošo pāru tiesiskās problēmas un piedāvājot to risinājuma iespējas. Latvijā ir personas, kas dažādu iemeslu dēļ veido partnerattiecības, radot tādas ģimenes, kas nav veidotas uz laulības institūta pamata. Laulība starp vīrieti un sievieti, kā jau minēts, ir vienīgā un juridiski atzītā kopdzīves forma Latvijas Republikā. Tomēr daudzi ir izveidojuši ģimenes, bet juridiski šīs attiecības nav reģistrējuši tā, kā to nosaka Civillikuma Pirmā daļa – Ģimenes tiesības. Tāpēc šāda personu savienība tiek uzskatīta par kontroversiālu savienību attiecībā pret juridiski noteikto ģimenes institūtu. Tas nozīmē, ka juridiski nenostiprinātas partnerattiecības prevalē arvien lielākā sabiedrības daļā, kas rada nekonsekvenci vairākās tiesību jomās, piemēram, mantojuma tiesībās, pacientu tiesībās, sociālajās tiesībās, tiesībās uz informāciju, procesuālo tiesību normās u. c. Būtisks aspekts ir situācijās, kad šīs oficiāli neapstiprinātās faktiskās ģimeniskās saites sairst, rodas domstarpības par kopīgas mantas sadali, uzņemto saistību izpildi, kā arī kopīgo bērnu turpmāko aprūpi u.tml. Autores piedāvātie normatīvo aktu grozījumi radītu vienlīdzīgāku regulējumu starp partnerattiecībās esošajām personām un laulībā dzīvojošiem pāriem. Ieviešot partnerattiecību tiesisko regulējumu, tiktu nodrošināts vienots normatīvo aktu regulējums ģimenes tiesību jomā, kas atrisinātu tos problēmjautājumus, ko pašreiz praksē rada normatīvo aktu trūkums vai interpretēšanas problēmas un līdz ar to neviennozīmīgu tiesu praksi, kā arī izveidotu tiesisko regulējumu situācijām, kas šobrīd nav regulētas.
Reclaiming the Text-grammar of Harald Weinrich and the Syntax of Genesis 24
Authors: Condrea Vasile
Published: April 2022

We are approaching the 50-year mark since Wolfgang Schneider wrote a brief chapter on Hebrew syntax (in his Grammatik des biblischen Hebräisch [1974]) based on the text-linguistic method of Harald Weinrich (Tempus [1964]). This contribution offers reflections on this often-neglected linguist, and extends a recently proposed way of looking at the syntax of Biblical Hebrew, starting from a re-examination of Weinrich’s linguistic principles. A text-linguistic analysis of the wayyiqtol, xqatal, and xparticiple as evident in the indirect speech of Genesis 24 is presented. This contribution brings to the fore the relevance of Weinrich’s text-grammar for the study of Biblical Hebrew and the connection between Weinrich and Lucien Tesnière (dependency grammar).
(Mis)Treatment of Women Intersecting in the Codes of Hammurabi and Deuteronomy (Ancient Near East and South Africa)
Authors: Pietersen Doniwen
Published: April 2022

This article describes the point of intersection at which the text of the Code of Hammurabi, the Deuteronomic code (ANE), and the context of South Africa meet. These relationships can be summarised as women being treated badly, so badly that one can almost describe this treatment as the “Wild West.” This depiction of the bloody violence in which women are subjugated and disempowered by men is appalling and is an indictment against men. Throughout history women demanded the protection of men, but were constantly exploited by them. Women are simply not honoured or respected for their innate human dignity. This is problematic because it has resulted in how men interpret the role and contributions of women in society and a country’s economic development. This has often led to women being perceived as subhuman and inferior to men. Women to a large extent in the media are not valued very highly in South African society, which has subliminally contributed to the disempowerment of women in general and the scourge of gender-based violence in particular.
Innovative Morphological Distinctions in Verbal Forms in the Samaritan and Tiberian Reading Traditions of Biblical Hebrew
Authors: Khan Geoffrey
Published: April 2022

The Samaritan oral tradition of the Pentateuch reflects a wider range of morphological forms of the qal active participle than the Tiberian tradition. Several of these are innovations borrowed from Aramaic. In some cases the Samaritan tradition exploits its larger pool of morphological patterns of the participle to express semantic distinctions that are not expressed in the morphology of the Tiberian tradition. The central semantic distinction that is expressed is between participles of a nominal character that express time-stable properties and those of a verbal character that express contingent properties. This same process can be identified in several places in the Tiberian tradition. This casts light on the interpretation tradition of the forms in question in the Tiberian tradition.
Quantum Optics Department of the Physics Department at Novosibirsk State University
Authors: Shalagin A. M. , Ilichev L. V.
Published: April 2022

There presented an information on the department of Quantum optics of the Novosibirsk State University. The brief history of the Department since its foundation by the corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sergei G. Rautian, and main educational directions are described along with their relations to scientific research of teachers and students of the Department.
Accelerator Physics Chair of the Physics Department at Novosibirsk State University
Authors: Telnov V. I.
Published: April 2022

The article tells about the Accelerator Physics Chair of the Physics Department of the Novosibirsk State University, based at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS.
About the Dynamic Damping Coefficients of a Segmental-Cone Model at Mach M = 2.3.
Authors: Adamov N. P. , Mishchenko N. A. , Chasovnikov E. A.
Published: April 2022

In order to describe the nonlinear behavior of oscillation amplitude of the segmental-conical model on a transversive rod setup in a wind tunnel at Mach М = 2, a polynomial function of damping derivatives was used. Polynom of the 4th degree as a function of viscous damping allowed to describe two limit cycles observed in experiments. Coefficients of the polynom were determined and showed sufficient agreement with a direct numerical solution of the proposed dynamic equation.
Optimization of Parameters of Laser Cladding of the Powder Based on Nickel-Aluminium System
Authors: Gulov M. A.
Published: April 2022

In this work, the parameters of laser cladding were optimized to obtain a high-quality single track. Nickel aluminide powder (Ni3Al) – PN85Yu15 was used as the surfacing material. 60 samples were obtained, deposited at various pa rameters of power, scanning speed, position of the focus of the laser beam relative to the surface of the powder layer. The geometric characteristics of the obtained single tracks were measured, graphs of their dependence on the scanning speed were plotted. It was found that the sizes of single tracks decrease with increasing speed. An increase in the power of laser radiation leads to an increase in width and height of the track, as well as the depth of penetration of the substrate. The dependence of the geometric characteristics of the tracks on the temperature of the melting pool has been investigated. The microhardness of the obtained samples was also measured, and a weakly expressed dependence of the microhardness on the laser scanning speed was found. It was found that the microhardness of the obtained samples correlates with the amount of energy imparted to the powder layer and the temperature of the melting pool. It was also found that the set of experimental data is described in generalized spatial and energy coordinates by a linear dependence.
Design of a Narrowband Filter for Implementing the Undersamping Method in Terahertz Time-Domain Spectrometers
Authors: Rybak A. A. , Kuznetsov S. А. , Arzhannikov A. V. , Nikolaev N. A.
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we propose a design of a narrow-band quasi-optical filter with a central frequency ν = 806 GHz (λ = 372 μm) suitable for the implementation of the undersampling technique in terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. The frequency was chosen to monitor the absorption line of the molecular gas CO in the local transparency window of the atmosphere. The filter is designed as the Fabry-Perot etalon based on a polypropylene film with frequencyselective surfaces (FFS) on both sides consisting of square slots in a sprayed aluminum layer. Through numerical simulation of the transmission of the proposed structure, we defined that the optimum ratio of the width of the metal bridge a to the pitch g of the FSS lies in the vicinity of a/g = 0.5. For g less than half of the operating wavelength λ, the FWHM of the filter is less than 4%, which is sufficient for the implementation of the undersampling method in terahertz time-domain spectroscopy.
Impact of fumed silica nanoparticles SiO2 on oxidative stress in Helix aspersa
Authors: Besnaci Sana , Bouacha Mabrouka , Chaker Amina , Babouri Yamine , Bensoltane Samira
Published: April 2022

Dans cette étude nous nous sommes intéressés à l’évaluation de l’impact des nanoparticules de silice fumée (SiO2) sur un organisme bioaccumulateur, bioindicateur de pollution de l’environnement et un indicateur d’état sanitaire des sols, le gastéropode Helix aspersa suite à une exposition via la nourriture. La toxicité des NPs de silice est déterminée chez l'escargot Helix aspersa grâce aux expérimentations réalisées au sein du laboratoire sur des escargots partagés en quatre lots : un lot considéré comme témoin et trois autres traités par des doses croissantes de nanoparticules de silice fumée de 250, 500 et 750 µg/g de nourriture (farine de blé) pendant quatre semaines. Le stress oxydatif a été évalué par le biais d’un suivi de l’activité de certains biomarqueurs biochimiques et enzymatiques : GSH, GST, GPx et CAT dans les tissus hépatopancréatiques et rénaux et un dosage des protéines totales a également été effectué. Les résultats obtenus montrent que la présence des nanoparticules de silice dans la nourriture de H. aspersa provoque des modifications des paramètres testés dont une augmentation du taux des protéines totales. Nos données révèlent une diminution du taux du GSH ainsi que de l’activité de la CAT et de la GPx, parallèlement à l’observation d’une augmentation de l’activité de la GST au niveau de l’hépatopancréas et du rein. Les perturbations notées sont relativement plus significatives au niveau de l’hépatopancréas qu’au niveau du rein. Nos résultats montrent un état de stress oxydatif chez H. aspersa exprimé par le déclenchement du système de lutte contre le stress oxydatif à travers les biomarqueurs de cette réaction métabolique.
Efficient algorithm for solving the system of Allen–Cahn and Cahn–Hilliard equations: modeling the sintering process
Authors: Прохоров Д.И. , Базайкин Я.В. , Лисица В.В.
Published: April 2022

В работе представлен алгоритм решения системы уравнений Аллена–Кана и Кана–Хиллиарда, которая описывает процесс спекания. Алгоритм не требует значительных по мощности вычислительных ресурсов и позволяет выполнить моделирование процесса спекания большого количества отдельных частиц на вычислительном узле с процессором Intel Xeon E5 2697 v3 и графическим ускорителем NVIDIA K40 за приемлемое время. Проведены эксперименты по моделированию спекания сорбентоподобных структур — упаковок сферических частиц, и на них показана эффективность алгоритма.

In this work, we present an algorithm for solving the system of Allen–Cahn and Cahn–Hilliard equations, which describes the process of sintering. The algorithm does not require significant computational resources and makes possible the sintering simulating of a large number of grains using a computation node with an Intel Xeon E5 2697 v3 CPU and an NVIDIA K40 GPU in a reasonable time. Experiments were carried out to simulate the sintering of sorbent-like structures (packings of spherical particles), for which the efficiency of the algorithm was shown.
Contact resistance of carbon-Li𝑥(Ni,Mn,Co)O2 interfaces
Authors: Kuo Jimmy Jiahong , Kang Stephen Dongmin , Chueh William C.
Published: April 2022

Electronic resistance in lithium-ion battery positive electrodes is typically attributed to the bulk resistance of the active material and the network resistance of the carbon additive. Expected overpotentials from these bulk components are minimal relative to that from charge-transfer resistance. However, literature reports show that cell overpotentials are often much more sensitive to conductive additives than the expected level from bulk or percolating-network transport. This discrepancy motivates a detailed examination of the contact resistance between the active material and conductive additive. We simultaneously measure contact and bulk resistances using dense bar samples of lithium layered oxides (LixNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 and LixNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2) in contact with carbon black. We find that the contact resistance dominates the overall electronic resistance when the length scale is smaller than millimeters; after correcting for contact effects, bulk conductivity of layered oxides is determined to be orders-of-magnitude higher than previously reported. In porous electrodes, we find from three-electrode electrochemical impedance spectroscopy that the carbon content most heavily influences the low-frequency regime (around 0.01 Hz), as opposed to the high frequency (>10^3 Hz) regime expected from electronic percolating properties. We identify constriction effects within the layered oxide as the dominant mechanism for contact resistance and investigate its implication for porous electrodes.
Dyspnea: neurobiological and clinical aspects
Authors: Chuchalin Alexander G.
Published: April 2022

An analysis of the results of studies carried out by specialists of the Russian Respiratory Society over the past 15 years is given. The article also includes the main provisions set out in the III Guidelines for dyspnea. A significant part of the manual is devoted to the recent achievements in studying neurophysiological processes in the brain structures during the development of dyspnea. These achievements were driven by image-diagnosis methods. An important aspect of this series of works for the clinical practice was identifying dyspnea domains and developing the instruments to assess severity. Analysis of the data on dyspnea from the clinical practice showed a highly heterogenic clinical picture, which must be taken into account in the management of individual patients. A diagnostic algorithm for long-term follow-up of patients with dyspnea syndrome is also discussed. The attention of doctors is drawn to the features of dyspnea during COVID-19; the disproportion between the sensory perception of respiratory discomfort and the degree of oxygen desaturation is emphasized. It was concluded that in the Russian-speaking environment of patients, doctors should actively use a verbal characteristic of dyspnea the language of dyspnea.
Long-term follow-up study of post-COVID-19 patients
Authors: Karchevskaya Natalia A. , Skorobogach Ivan M. , Cherniak Alexander V. , Migunova Ekaterina V. , Leshchinskaya Olga V. , Kalmanova Elena N. , Bulanov Andrey Iu. , Ostrovskaya Elena A. , Kostin Alexander I. , Nikulina Valentina P. , Kravchenko Natalia Iu. , Belevskiy Andrey S. , Petrikov Sergey S.
Published: April 2022

Aim. To evaluate dynamic changes in the lungs, hemostasis system, immune system in different terms after coronavirus pneumonia.
Materials and methods. Ventilation-perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (CT), functional methods of lung investigation, evaluation of hemostasis system, immune status and specific humoral immune response were performed and evaluated in different terms after coronavirus pneumonia. A total of 71 patients were examined according to this protocol. We examined patients with the lesion volume not less than 50% according to chest CT. All patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the distance from the acute stage of coronavirus pneumonia. Group 1 included patients who were examined early (3060 days after hospital discharge), group 2 included patients who were examined later (61180 days after hospital discharge).
Results. We obtained gradual regression of pathologically-modified tissue from 67.3% during the inpatient phase to 30.9% during the early period and to 19.7% during the late period of examination, according to CT scan of the chest organs. The same tendency was demonstrated by diffusion capacity of the lungs. Perfusion scintigraphy data showed a decrease in perfusion deficit from 26.012.8% during the early period of examination to 19.46.2% during the late period of examination. On the contrary, ventilatory scintigraphy demonstrates the increase of isotope passage time through the alveolar-capillary membrane over time (from 48.231.3 minutes in the early period to 83.637.2 minutes in the late period). An increase in D-dimer was detected in 24% of patients in the early group. The levels of inflammatory markers, indices of immune status, and specific humoral immune response did not differ in the two described groups.
Conclusion. The results demonstrate gradual regression of pathological changes caused by coronavirus infection.
Differential diagnosis of pneumonia as a complication of nasal liquorrhea in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: Case report
Authors: Chernikova Nadezhda A. , Shelesko Elizaveta V. , Sharipov Oleg I. , Ershova Olga N. , Kalinin Pavel L. , Kutin Maxim A. , Fomichev Dmitry V.
Published: April 2022

Nasal liquorrhea the outflow of cerebrospinal fluid from the cerebrospinal fluid spaces of the cranial cavity into the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses due to the presence of a congenital or acquired defect in the bones of the skull base and meninges of various etiologies. Nasal liquorrhea leads to potentially fatal complications: meningitis, meningoencephalitis, pneumocephalus, brain abscess. Also, with nasal liquorrhea, less dangerous complications may occur: aspiration bronchopneumonia and gastritis. The article presents a case of aspiration pneumonia in two patients with nasal liquorrhea treated at the Burdenko National Medical Research Center for Neurosurgery during the COVID-19 pandemic. Both patients noted the profuse nature of the nasal liquorrhea, complained of coughing in a horizontal position. In both cases, no RNA virus (SARS-CoV-2) was detected during the polymerase chain reaction. Antibodies (IgG, M) to coronavirus were not detected. Computed tomography of the chest organs in both cases revealed areas of frosted glass darkening. Since no data was obtained for coronavirus infection (negative tests for coronavirus, lack of antibodies), changes in the lungs were interpreted as a consequence of constant aspiration of CSF. The patients were admitted to a separate ward. Both patients underwent endoscopic endonasal plasty of the skull base defect. The postoperative period in both cases was uneventful. In both cases, the patients underwent computer tomography scan of the chest organs one month later. On the photographs, the signs of pneumonia completely regressed.
The role of artificial intelligence in assessing the progression of fibrosing lung diseases
Authors: Speranskaia Aleksandra A.
Published: April 2022

Introduction. The widespread use of artificial intelligence (AI) programs during the COVID-19 pandemic to assess the exact volume of lung tissue damage has allowed them to train a large number of radiologists. The simplicity of the program for determining the volume of the affected lung tissue in acute interstitial pneumonia, which has density indicators in the range from -200 HU to -730 HU, which includes the density indicators of "ground glass" and reticulation (the main radiation patterns in COVID-19) allows you to accurately determine the degree of prevalence process. The characteristics of chronic interstitial pneumonia, which are progressive in nature, fit into the same density framework.
Аim. To аssess AI's ability to assess the progression of fibrosing lung disease using lung volume counting programs used for COVID-19 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Results. Retrospective analysis of computed tomography data during follow-up of 75 patients with progressive fibrosing lung disease made it possible to assess the prevalence and growth of interstitial lesions.
Conclusion. Using the experience of using AI programs to assess acute interstitial pneumonia in COVID-19 can be applied to chronic interstitial pneumonia.
Human placenta hydrolysates: from V.P. Filatov to the present day: Review
Authors: Gromova Olga A. , Torshin Ivan Yu. , Chuchalin Alexander G. , Maximov Valeriy А.
Published: April 2022

Works of V.P. Filatov and his school laid the foundation for the study and clinical use of human placenta hydrolysates (HPH). To date, the PubMed database contains more than 5,000 publications on basic and clinical research on HPH. Studies of the peptide composition of HPH, carried out using the methods of modern proteomics, have made it possible to propose a complex of molecular mechanisms of the action of HPH in various pathologies. The article discusses the effects of HPH on the treatment of liver diseases, atopic dermatitis, viral infections (herpes, COVID-19, viral hepatitis), iron overload and chronic fatigue syndrome. Stimulation of HPH regenerative capabilities of the body is important for accelerating and improving the quality of wound healing, treatment of diseases of the joints and the reproductive system.
Respiratory diseases and obesity: special phenotype or independent events: Review
Authors: Shchepikhin Evgeniy I. , Shmelev Evgene I. , Zaytseva Anna S.
Published: April 2022

A combination of factors, including Western European eating habits, physical inactivity and genetic predisposition, lead to a dramatic increase in adipose tissue mass. A special place is occupied by abdominal obesity, in which there is an accumulation of adipose tissue in the mesentery of the small intestine and the omentum. Developing in conditions of visceral obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and systemic inflammation are one of the key components of the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, non-alcoholic fatty liver and pancreas disease, polycystic ovary disease, some forms of cancer (breast cancer, endometrial cancer, colonic and direct intestines). At the same time, the pathogenetic role of adipose tissue is not limited to its participation in the formation of the cardiometabolic continuum and oncogenesis. The most important role of metabolically active fat in the pathogenesis of many respiratory diseases is known, including bronchial asthma, obstructive sleep apnea and pulmonary hypertension. This paper presents an overview of current data on immunological, pathophysiological and clinical features of the phenotype of the combination of respiratory diseases with overweight and obesity.
The effect of active diuretic therapy on the sodium balance in patients with acute decompensation of chronic heart failure
Authors: Davydov Vladimir V. , Arehina Ekaterina L.
Published: April 2022

Background. Active dehydration of patients with acute decompensation of chronic heart failure (АDCHF) was often accompanied by the development of hyponatremia. This increased the time of hospitalization and worsened the prognosis. The complication was associated with the side effects of furosemide.
Aim. To compare the effect of dehydration and the state of sodium balance after using different methods of parenteral administration of furosemide at an early stage of treatment of АDCHF.
Materials and methods. Patients with АDCHF (n=125) were divided into two groups. Group 1 received furosemide as bolus injections, group 2 as an extended intravenous infusion. The process of dehydration was controlled by the amount of urine and body weight loss per day. The effect was considered satisfactory if the body weight decreased by 1.02.0 kg per day. The plasma sodium level was studied on 1, 5, 10 days.
Results. In group 2, the satisfactory effect of dehydration was observed 1.7 times more often than in group 1 (p0.05). In group 2 patients on the 5th day of therapy, the number of cases of hyponatremia was 2.3 times less (p0.05). Hyponatremia developed little in patients with a satisfactory effect of dehydration. On the 10th day, the number of cases of hyponatremia in the groups did not significantly differ.
Conclusion. Prolonged intravenous infusion of furosemide allowed more control of the dehydration process and the plasma sodium level at an early stage of therapy in patients with АDCHF.
Pentraxin-3 – a promising biological marker in heart failure: literature review
Authors: Alieva Amina M. , Teplova Natalia V. , Batov Maxim A. , Voronkova Kira V. , Valiev Ramiz K. , Shnakhova Lidia M. , Pinchuk Tatiana V. , Rakhaev Alik M. , Kalova Marina R. , Nikitin Igor G.
Published: April 2022

According to many studies, inflammation plays a very significant role in the pathogenesis of heart failure. Many studies have demonstrated an increase in circulating levels of inflammatory markers and cytokines such as C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), and interleukins. C-reactive protein is produced in the liver in response to stimulation by various cytokines, mainly interleukin-6, and is a member of the pentraxin superfamily. Pentraxin-3, which is a long pentraxin, has a C-terminal domain of pentraxin similar to the classic short pentraxins, but differs from them in the presence of an unrelated long N-terminal domain. Various cell types can produce pentraxin-3 when exposed to primary inflammatory signals such as interleukin-1, tumor necrosis (TNF-a), oxidized low density lipoprotein, and microbial fragments (eg, lipopolysaccharide, lipoarabinomannans). Data in experimental animal models have demonstrated that pentraxin-3 can play cardioprotective and atheroprotective roles through its influence on the inflammatory process. Pentraxin-3 has been studied in several clinical protocols as a potential biomarker for cardiovascular disease.
Acute decompensated heart failure. What has changed in the clinical guidelines in 2021?
Authors: Zhirov Igor V. , Nasonova Svetlana N. , Khalilova Ulia A. , Osmolovskaya Yulia F. , Zhirova Irina A. , Gimadiev Rinat R. , Chaikovskaia Olga Ia. , Reitblat Oleg M. , Prints Iuliia Sh. , Kochetov Anatoly G. , Tereshchenko Sergey N.
Published: April 2022

In September 2021, the European Society of Cardiology issued new guidelines on the management of patients with heart failure (HF). In the current version, experts have focused on the 4 most common variants: acute HF decompensation, acute pulmonary edema, cardiogenic shock, and isolated right ventricular failure. There has been a change in approaches to the initial management of patients with acute HF decompensation towards a decrease in the evidence-based use of peripheral vasodilators and a "return" to loop diuretics as the basis of treatment. This raises the question of monitoring the efficacy of diuretic therapy. The paper presents an algorithm proposed by the European Society of Cardiology.
Chronic heart failure – modification of treatment paradigm
Authors: Nasonova Svetlana N. , Zhirov Igor V. , Tereshchenko Sergey N.
Published: April 2022

The relevance of chronic heart failure (CHF) remains high. Despite significant advances in basic therapy for CHF patients, the prognosis remains poor. The prescription of inhibitors of sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 dapagliflozin made it possible to change the paradigm of treatment of patients with CHF with low left ventricular ejection fraction.
How to level the risk of bleeding while taking anticoagulant therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation?
Authors: Berns Svetlana A. , Barbarash Olga L.
Published: April 2022

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common types of cardiac arrhythmias, while AF is the main risk factor for ischemic stroke. For a long time, vitamin K antagonists, primarily warfarin, have been the standard for the prevention of thromboembolic complications in patients with AF. 5 years ago, dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban occupied the 2nd place in the structure of anticoagulant prescribing (AC), giving way to warfarin. The well-known reason for the inadequate use of AC is the risk of bleeding. There are a large number of validated scales for assessing the risk of hemorrhagic complications, in particular HAS-BLED, ABC, HEMORRHR2HAGES, ATRIA, ORBIT, but the estimated high risk of bleeding should not be the only and absolute limitation to the appointment of AC. Despite the real risk of bleeding on the background of taking AC in patients with AF, an integrated approach taking into account not only the risk factors of the thromboembolic complications, but also hemorrhagic complications, with an emphasis on the existing comorbidities, the presence of comorbidity, old age, etc., will allow an individual approach to the choice of AC and its dose, contributing to the optimization of the management of such kind of patients.