bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing the length of the recovery period after blepharoplasty: a review of the latest data
Authors: Nieć Maria , Olejarz Zuzanna , Nowak Karolina , Drygała Zuzanna , Wyrwał Julia , Zielińska Zuzanna , Słowik Magdalena , Nowak Karolina , Gierlach Katarzyna , Krasuska Martyna
Published: February 2024

Introduction and purpose

Blepharoplasty is a surgical procedure aimed at restoring the functionality and/or aesthetics of the eyelids. The aim of the study is to draw attention to the factors influencing the recovery period at successive stages of therapeutic procedures.

A brief description of the state of knowledge:

Preoperative consultation is important in selecting patients, planning surgical procedures, identifying potential complications and meeting patients' expectations. In patients with hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and anticoagulant treatment, a worse scar assessment, longer recovery period and more complications have been observed. Patients who have undergone refractive surgery within the last 6 months are not suitable candidates for blepharoplasty. Nutrition status has a significant impact on wound healing and tissue repair after aesthetic medicine procedures. The use of continuous sutures compared to tissue glue results in similar wound healing time and postoperative discomfort level. Postoperative wound care is essential for the healing process. Electrostimulation of the wound does not accelerate edema reduction. We have focused on many complications, such as swelling, bleeding, infections, eyelid malposition, dry eye syndrome, wound dehiscence, ways to cope with these problems, and the role of lasers. 

Summary (conclusions):

Important is the proper preparation of the patient for the procedure. A detailed interview and examination influence therapeutic decisions, allowing the doctor to choose the most optimal treatment methods that will shorten the recovery time. Blepharoplasty is one of the most commonly performed aesthetic procedures, so we propose the development of publicly accessible standards that should be included in the initial interview.
Insanae matronae: les dones troianes a l'Eneida de Virgili (5.604‐679)
Authors: Martin Guerra Silvia
Published: February 2024

El treball explora el tema de les “dones subversives” a la literatura llatina a través de l’anàlisi d’un passatge de l’Eneida de Virgili, concretament, els versos 604‐679 del llibre cinquè. Aquest episodi ens descriu com les matrones troianes, encoratjades per la deessa Juno, cremen les naus per impedir que Enees compleixi amb el seu destí. Es tracta d’un passatge que potser ha passat més desapercebut en el conjunt general del poema de Virgili, però que presta a interpretacions i anàlisis interessants. El projecte consisteix en la traducció del text i en un comentari crític. Tot seguit, s’analitza el context i altres referents de matrones que, “embogides”, resulten ser perilloses per l’ordre social masculí romà.
ICT in the development of phonological awareness: A critical literature review
Authors: Martinez-Figueira Maria Esther , Borda-Valderrama Jaime , Montes-Betancourt Mónica , Falla-Ortiz  Janeth
Published: February 2024

The phonics dimension is essential for early literacy development and is a fundamental aspect of cognitive expansion. For this reason, phonological awareness has become a topic of great importance in education due to its significant impact on the development of reading and writing, basic learning skills. This study offers a theoretical review of a corpus of recent studies that reveal the contribution of technological resources to the development of phonological awareness in pre-school, with the intention of pointing out trends and research possibilities in this field. From a sample of 137 articles published in the last 15 years, and after a critical and systemic analysis carried out in different phases, 22 articles have been selected whose content focuses on pre-school and first year primary school children, in which ICT has been applied. The holistic analysis demonstrates the positive effect of these technologies on the development of phonological awareness. It is concluded that there is a direct relationship between phonological awareness and literacy in pre-school education, as well as the need for more rigorous research to obtain more precise results.
Manejo de corpus en línea en clases de lengua española: una aplicación didáctica a la enseñanza universitaria desde las Humanidades Digitales
Authors: Sancha Vázquez Julián
Published: February 2024

Hasta la fecha, la lingüística de corpus se ha abordado comúnmente desde la práctica docente en el ámbito de la enseñanza de Español como Lengua Extranjera y, sobre todo, en la investigación dentro de las Humanidades; sin embargo, parece ausente en la práctica del aula universitaria, siendo los alumnos desconocedores de estas herramientas de las recientes Humanidades Digitales. Con este trabajo se pretende dar cuenta de un acercamiento didáctico llevado a cabo en la Universidad de Cádiz, donde se utilizaron diversos corpus textuales online en la enseñanza de la lengua española dentro del marco de la asignatura de «Morfología descriptiva del español». Los resultados fueron beneficiosos y de estos podríamos sonsacar la tímida ilusión de que se pueda incorporar el uso de estas fuentes de conocimiento digitales en el aula universitaria del futuro a la hora de enseñar la lengua española y sus diferentes disciplinas en el ámbito, también, de los cursos de enseñanzas universitarias como Filología Hispánica, teniendo, de este modo, un elenco de nuevas herramientas que el alumno podrá utilizar para mejorar su desarrollo académico como potencial lingüista.
FrFT-based estimation of linear and nonlinear impairments using Vision Transformer
Authors: Jiang Ting , Gao Zheng , Chen Yizhao , Hu Zihe , Tang Ming
Published: February 2024

To comprehensively assess the conditions of an optical fiber communication system, it
is essential to implement joint estimation of the following four
critical impairments: nonlinear signal-to-noise ratio (SNRNL), optical signal-to-noise ratio
(OSNR), chromatic dispersion (CD), and differential group delay (DGD).
However, current studies only achieve identifying a limited number of
impairments within a narrow range, due to a lack of high-performance
computing algorithms and a unified representation of impairments. To
address these challenges, we adopt time-frequency signal processing
based on the fractional Fourier transform (FrFT) to achieve the
unified representation of impairments, while employing a
Transformer-based neural network (NN) to break through network
performance limitations. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed
estimation method, numerical simulations were conducted on a
five-channel polarization-division-multiplexed quadrature phase shift
keying (PDM-QPSK) long haul optical transmission system with the
symbol rate of 50 GBaud per channel. The mean absolute error
(MAE) for SNRNL, OSNR, CD, and DGD estimation is
0.091 dB, 0.058 dB, 117 ps/nm, and
0.38 ps, and the monitoring window ranges from 0−20dB, 10−30dB, 1700−51,000ps/nm, and 0−100ps, respectively. Our proposed method
achieves accurate estimation of linear and nonlinear impairments over
a broad range, representing a significant advancement in the field of
optical performance monitoring (OPM).
Visualizing features with wide-field volumetric OCT angiography
Authors: Hormel Tristan T. , Liang Guangru B. , Wei Xiang , Guo Yukun , Gao Min , Wang Jie , Huang David , Bailey Steven T. , Hwang Thomas S. , Jia Yali
Published: February 2024

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and its extension OCT angiography (OCTA) have become essential clinical imaging modalities due to their ability to provide depth-resolved angiographic and tissue structural information non-invasively and at high resolution. Within a field of view, the anatomic detail available is sufficient to identify several structural and vascular pathologies that are clinically relevant for multiple prevalent blinding diseases, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and vein occlusions. The main limitation in contemporary OCT devices is that this field of view is limited due to a fundamental trade-off between system resolution/sensitivity, sampling density, and imaging window dimensions. Here, we describe a swept-source OCT device that can capture up to a 12 × 23-mm field of view in a single shot and show that it can identify conventional pathologic features such as non-perfusion areas outside of conventional fields of view. We also show that our approach maintains sensitivity sufficient to visualize novel features, including choriocapillaris morphology beneath the macula and macrophage-like cells at the inner limiting membrane, both of which may have implications for disease.
General phase-difference imaging of incoherent digital holography
Authors: Sheng Wei , Liu Youwen , Shi Yaoyao
Published: February 2024

The hologram formed by incoherent holography based on self-interference should preserve the phase difference information of the object, such as the phase difference between the mutually orthogonal polarizations of anisotropic object. How to decode this phase difference from this incoherent hologram, i.e., phase-difference imaging, is of great significance for studying the properties of the measured object. However, there is no general phase-difference imaging theory due to both diverse incoherent holography systems and the complicated reconstruction process from holograms based on the diffraction theory. To realize phase-difference image in incoherent holography, the relationship between the phase difference of the object and the image reconstructed by holograms is derived using a general physical model of incoherent holographic systems, and then the additional phase that will distort this relationship in actual holographic systems is analyzed and eliminated. Finally, the phase-difference imaging that is suitable for the most incoherent holographic systems is realized and the general theory is experimentally verified. This technology can be applied to phase-difference imaging of anisotropic objects, and has potential applications in materials science, biomedicine, polarized optics and other fields.
Demonstration of bound states in the continuum in substrate integrated waveguides
Authors: Fu Tao , Yang Wenkai , Lan Feng , Lu Wanyue , Jiang Hu , Mo Hang , An Yinbing
Published: February 2024

Substrate integrated waveguides (SIWs) components play a crucial role in microwave devices fabricated by printed circuit board (PCB) technology. Bound states in the continuum (BICs) have high-quality factors that approach infinity. So far, there is little research on BICs in SIWs. Therefore, we studied a symmetry-protected BIC generated by the coupling between SIW and SIW resonators to fill this gap. Using the revised coupled mode theory (CMT), we explored the mechanism of resonance generation in this system. In addition, the effect of the geometrical parameters on the resonance is also investigated and higher Q3dB factors are obtained. The findings offer new insights into the design of BIC devices by traditional PCB technology, thus contributing to future applications in the integrated circuits field.
Colorful multi-plane augmented reality display with dynamically tunable reflective Pancharatnam-Berry phase lens
Authors: Yan Xudong , Zhu Jiaxin , Liu Mingxuan , Liu Yanjun , Luo Dan
Published: February 2024

Reflective cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) Pancharatnam-Berry phase lens (PBL) devices have attracted significant attention in augmented reality (AR) display due to their wide spectral and angular response bandwidths, high diffraction efficiency, and polarization selectivity. However, currently reported CLC reflective PBLs are either limited by monochrome display or suffers from complicated design for colorful display. Herein, we demonstrate a colorful multi-plane AR display system with dynamically tunable reflective PBL. The reflective PBL is fabricated by polymer-stabilized cholesteric liquid crystal (PSCLC) that provides dynamical and continuous tunability of color and focal length by direct current (DC) voltage. A proof-of-concept colorful multi-plane AR device is demonstrated, where over 90% diffraction efficiency at desired wavelength has been obtained. The proposed simple, compact, and light AR display system capable of color-imaging with multi-depth shows great application potential in the vehicle-mounted head-up display (HUD).
Gradient-metasurface directional photodetectors
Authors: Liu Jianing , Paiella Roberto
Published: February 2024

Angle-sensitive photodetectors are a promising device technology for many advanced imaging functionalities, including lensless compound-eye vision, lightfield sensing, optical spatial filtering, and phase imaging. Here we demonstrate the use of plasmonic gradient metasurfaces to tailor the angular response of generic planar photodetectors. The resulting devices rely on the phase-matched coupling of light incident at select geometrically tunable angles into guided plasmonic modes, which are then scattered and absorbed in the underlying photodetector active layer. This approach naturally introduces sharp peaks in the angular response, with smaller footprint and reduced guided-mode radiative losses (and therefore improved spatial resolution and sensitivity) compared to analogous devices based on diffractive coupling. More broadly, these results highlight a promising new application space of flat optics, where gradient metasurfaces are integrated within image sensors to enable unconventional capabilities with enhanced system miniaturization and design flexibility.
Use of telemedicine in general practice in Europe since the COVID-19 pandemic: A scoping review of patient and practitioner perspectives
Authors: Walley David , McCombe Geoff , Broughan John , O’Shea Conor , Crowley Des , Quinlan Diarmuid , Wann Catherine , Crowley Tadhg , Cullen Walter
Published: February 2024

General practice is generally the first point of contact for patients presenting with COVID-19. Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic general practitioners (GPs) across Europe have had to adopt to using telemedicine consultations in order to minimise the number of social contacts made. GPs had to balance two needs: preventing the spread of COVID-19, while providing their patients with regular care for other health issues. The aim of this study was to conduct a scoping review of the literature examining the use of telemedicine for delivering routine general practice care since the start of the pandemic from the perspectives of patients and practitioners. The six-stage framework developed by Arksey and O’Malley, with recommendations by Levac et al was used to review the existing literature. The study selection process was conducted according to the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. Braun and Clarke’s‘ Thematic Analysis’ approach was used to interpret data. A total of eighteen studies across nine countries were included in the review. Thirteen studies explored the practitioner perspective of the use of telemedicine in general practice since the COVID-19 pandemic, while five studies looked at the patient perspective. The types of studies included were: qualitative studies, literature reviews, a systematic review, observational studies, quantitative studies, Critical incident technique study, and surveys employing both closed and open styled questions. Key themes identified related to the patient/ practitioner experience and knowledge of using telemedicine, patient/ practitioner levels of satisfaction, GP collaboration, nature of workload, and suitability of consultations for telemedicine. The nature of general practice was radically changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Certain patient groups and areas of clinical and administrative work were identified as having performed well, if not better, by using telemedicine. Our findings suggest a level of acceptability and satisfaction of telemedicine by GPs and patients during the pandemic; however, further research is warranted in this area.
Analysis of the health economics portfolio funded by the National Institutes of Health in response to published guidance
Authors: Burgdorf Caitlin E. , Riley William T. , Akbar Farheen , Zuehlke Abbey D. , Bibb Katrina , Eshleman Heather D. , Shah Ami , Belis Deshiree , Spittel Michael , Fearon Paula
Published: February 2024

Health services, economics, and outcomes research (referred to as health economics research hereinafter) is one of the interdisciplinary sciences that the National Institutes of Health (NIH) supports in order to pursue its overall mission to improve health. In 2015, NIH guidance was published to clarify the type of health economics research that NIH would continue to fund. This analysis aimed to determine if there were changes in the number of health economics applications received and funded by NIH after the release of the guidance. Health economics applications submitted to NIH both before and after publication of the guidance were identified using a machine learning approach with input from subject matter experts. Application and funding trends were examined by fiscal year, method of application (solicited vs. unsolicited), and activity code. This study found that application and funding rates of health economics research were decreasing prior to guidance. Following publication of this guidance, the application and funding rate of health economics applications increased.
The causal relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and serum lipids levels: A bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization study
Authors: Yin Tianxiu , Zhu Xiaoyue , He Zhiliang , Bai Hexiang , Shen Chenye , Li Ruoyu , Wang Bei
Published: February 2024

Serum vitamin D levels were linked to lipid metabolism in observational studies, but the exact mechanism was unclear. Several studies have attempted to decipher the relationship between 25(OH)D and lipid levels. Conventional observational studies are vulnerable to confounding. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis can better control for confounding factors and reverse causality, allowing for the inference of causal association. We, therefore, sought to use MR to investigate the possible causal relationship between 25(OH)D and blood lipid levels (HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and total cholesterol). A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was performed on data primarily from European ancestors. In addition, the potential causal effect of lipids on 25(OH)D was assessed by regressor-based multivariate magnetic resonance (MVMR). The single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to 25(OH)D were selected from a large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) database named IEU GWAS, and the SNPs associated with the four blood lipids were chosen from UK Biobank (UKB) lipid GWAS. When blood lipids were the outcome, the results of bidirectional two-sample MR demonstrated that 25(OH)D exhibited a negative causal association with TG, TC, and LDL-C: β = - 0.23, 95% CI = -0.28 to -0.19, P<0.001; β = - 0.16, 95% CI: - 0.30 to—0.03, P < 0.05; β = - 0.11, 95% CI: - 0.23 to 0, P < 0.05. There was no causal relationship between 25(OH)D and HDL-C (β = 0.05, 95% CI: - 0.11 to 0.20, P = 0.56). When setting blood lipids as exposure, TG and 25(OH)D, β = -0.13, 95% CI: - 0.15 to -0.10, P < 0.05; TC and 25(OH)D, β = -0.11, 95% CI: - 0.15 to -0.07, P < 0.05; HDL-C and 25(OH)D, β = 0.02, 95% CI: 0 to 0.03, P = 0.07; LDL-C and 25(OH)D, β = -0.08, 95% CI: - 0.11 to -0.05, P < 0.05). Our MVMR study also showed a significant relationship between genetically determined lipid traits and 25(OH)D levels (TG and 25(OH)D, P < 0.05; TC and 25(OH)D, P < 0.05). In all MR analyses, there was no horizontal pleiotropy (all P > 0.05), or statistical heterogeneity. The "Leave-one-out" sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability of our results. MR Studies have shown a bidirectional causal relationship between genetically-determined 25(OH)D levels and serum TG and TC levels. The findings have potential implications for etiological understanding and disease prevention.
Intelligent industry, energy regulation and ecological transformation—Taking equity financing as the moderating variable
Authors: Wu Yunyi
Published: February 2024

With the panel data of 21 China’s industrial industries from 2008 to 2020, the relationship models between intelligent industry, energy regulation and ecological transformation are constructed and tested from two dimensions of resource saving and environmental friendliness, then equity financing is introduced into this model as moderating variable to discuss the moderating effects on the relationships between intelligent industry, energy regulation and ecological transformation. Results show that: ⑴China’s industrial industries significantly transformed to the resource-saving type, and the environment-friendly level stayed in a slow progression. ⑵Intelligent industry affected ecological transformation positively and significantly. The impact of energy regulation on ecological transformation was nonlinear. The regulation of energy consumption can significantly stimulate the transformation of resource saving, and restrain the transformation of environmental friendliness; the regulation of energy structure can significantly stimulate the transformation of environmental friendliness. ⑶ Equity financing can positively moderate the relationship between intelligent industry and ecological transformation, and it can also moderate the regulation of energy structure and promote the transformation to environmental friendliness, especially in the low consumption industries.
Enhancing machine learning-based sentiment analysis through feature extraction techniques
Authors: A. Semary Noura , Ahmed Wesam , Amin Khalid , Pławiak Paweł , Hammad Mohamed
Published: February 2024

A crucial part of sentiment classification is featuring extraction because it involves extracting valuable information from text data, which affects the model’s performance. The goal of this paper is to help in selecting a suitable feature extraction method to enhance the performance of sentiment analysis tasks. In order to provide directions for future machine learning and feature extraction research, it is important to analyze and summarize feature extraction techniques methodically from a machine learning standpoint. There are several methods under consideration, including Bag-of-words (BOW), Word2Vector, N-gram, Term Frequency- Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF), Hashing Vectorizer (HV), and Global vector for word representation (GloVe). To prove the ability of each feature extractor, we applied it to the Twitter US airlines and Amazon musical instrument reviews datasets. Finally, we trained a random forest classifier using 70% of the training data and 30% of the testing data, enabling us to evaluate and compare the performance using different metrics. Based on our results, we find that the TD-IDF technique demonstrates superior performance, with an accuracy of 99% in the Amazon reviews dataset and 96% in the Twitter US airlines dataset. This study underscores the paramount significance of feature extraction in sentiment analysis, endowing pragmatic insights to elevate model performance and steer future research pursuits.
Exophiala chapopotensis sp. nov., an extremotolerant black yeast from an oil-polluted soil in Mexico; phylophenetic approach to species hypothesis in the Herpotrichiellaceae family
Authors: Ide-Pérez Martín R. , Sánchez-Reyes Ayixon , Folch-Mallol Jorge Luis , Sánchez-Carbente María del Rayo
Published: February 2024

Exophiala is a black fungi of the family Herpotrichiellaceae that can be found in a wide range of environments like soil, water and the human body as potential opportunistic pathogen. Some species are known to be extremophiles, thriving in harsh conditions such as deserts, glaciers, and polluted habitats. The identification of novel Exophiala species across diverse environments underlines the remarkable biodiversity within the genus. However, its classification using traditional phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses has posed a challenges. Here we describe a novel taxon, Exophiala chapopotensis sp. nov., strain LBMH1013, isolated from oil-polluted soil in Mexico, delimited according to combined morphological, molecular, evolutionary and statistics criteria. This species possesses the characteristic dark mycelia growing on PDA and tends to be darker in the presence of hydrocarbons. Its growth is dual with both yeast-like and hyphal forms. LBMH1013 differs from closely related species such as E. nidicola due to its larger aseptate conidia and could be distinguished from E. dermatitidis and E. heteromorpha by its inability to thrive above 37°C or 10% of NaCl. A comprehensive genomic analyses using up-to-date overall genome relatedness indices, several multigene phylogenies and molecular evolutionary analyzes using Bayesian speciation models, further validate its species-specific transition from all current Exophiala/Capronia species. Additionally, we applied the phylophenetic conceptual framework to delineate the species-specific hypothesis in order to incorporate this proposal within an integrative taxonomic framework. We believe that this approach to delimit fungal species will also be useful to our peers.
Quantifying the effects of exceptional fossil preservation on the global availability of phylogenetic data in deep time
Authors: Woolley C. Henrik , Bottjer David J. , Corsetti Frank A. , Smith Nathan D.
Published: February 2024

Fossil deposits with exceptional preservation (“lagerstätten”) provide important details not typically preserved in the fossil record, such that they hold an outsized influence on our understanding of biodiversity and evolution. In particular, the potential bias imparted by this so-called “lagerstätten effect” remains a critical, but underexplored aspect of reconstructing evolutionary relationships. Here, we quantify the amount of phylogenetic information available in the global fossil records of 1,327 species of non-avian theropod dinosaurs, Mesozoic birds, and fossil squamates (e.g., lizards, snakes, mosasaurs), and then compare the influence of lagerstätten deposits on phylogenetic information content and taxon selection in phylogenetic analyses to other fossil-bearing deposits. We find that groups that preserve a high amount of phylogenetic information in their global fossil record (e.g., non-avian theropods) are less vulnerable to a “lagerstätten effect” that leads to disproportionate representation of fossil taxa from one geologic unit in an evolutionary tree. Additionally, for each taxonomic group, we find comparable amounts of phylogenetic information in lagerstätten deposits, even though corresponding morphological character datasets vary greatly. Finally, we unexpectedly find that ancient sand dune deposits of the Late Cretaceous Gobi Desert of Mongolia and China exert an anomalously large influence on the phylogenetic information available in the squamate fossil record, suggesting a “lagerstätten effect” can be present in units not traditionally considered lagerstätten. These results offer a phylogenetics-based lens through which to examine the effects of exceptional fossil preservation on biological patterns through time and space, and invites further quantification of evolutionary information in the rock record.
Development of a rating scale for maladaptive symptoms by maltreatment: Perspectives of attachment and dissociation
Authors: Horiuchi Aika , Nishimura Tomoko , Taniike Masako , Tachibana Masaya
Published: February 2024

Child abuse has been increasing in Japan. Abused children’s behavior may often be confused with neurodevelopmental disorders; therefore, specialized tools to identify these cases and specific care for maltreatment are crucial. This study aimed to develop an objective early screening scale for abuse-related maladaptive symptoms. To do this, two surveys were conducted. Survey 1 included 60 children attending public elementary schools, who had been admitted to orphanages due to abuse (maltreated group), and 154 children attending public elementary schools with no reported maltreatment (control group). In this survey, 40 existing scale items related to attachment behavior and dissociative symptoms were evaluated. Childcare staff and homeroom teachers evaluated children’s behaviors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to determine optimal cut-off values. In Survey 2, 39 children in the maltreatment group and 186 children in the control group were subjected to confirmatory factor analysis to examine the new scale’s reliability and validity. Based on the results of an exploratory factor analysis, a two-factor, 20-item rating scale for maladaptive symptoms due to maltreatment (RS-MSM) was developed. The receiver operating characteristic curve indicated that cutoff values set in Survey 1 were appropriate for screening the general population and children in the clinical range. The results confirmed a two-factor structure with high reliability and convergent validity in the Survey 2 sample. Therefore, the developed RS-MSM scale is valid and will allow for easy screening of maltreated children at school.
Stabilization and tracking control of underactuated ball and beam system using metaheuristic optimization based TID-F and PIDD2–PI control schemes
Authors: Zafar Farhan , Malik Suheel Abdullah , Ali Tayyab , Daraz Amil , Afzal Abdul Rahman , Bhatti Farkhunda , Khan Irfan Ahmed
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we propose two different control strategies for the position control of the ball of the ball and beam system (BBS). The first control strategy uses the proportional integral derivative-second derivative with a proportional integrator PIDD2-PI. The second control strategy uses the tilt integral derivative with filter (TID-F). The designed controllers employ two distinct metaheuristic computation techniques: grey wolf optimization (GWO) and whale optimization algorithm (WOA) for the parameter tuning. We evaluated the dynamic and steady-state performance of the proposed control strategies using four performance indices. In addition, to analyze the robustness of proposed control strategies, a comprehensive comparison has been performed with a variety of controllers, including tilt integral-derivative (TID), fractional order proportional integral derivative (FOPID), integral–proportional derivative (I-PD), proportional integral-derivative (PI-D), and proportional integral proportional derivative (PI-PD). By comparing different test cases, including the variation in the parameters of the BBS with disturbance, we examine step response, set point tracking, disturbance rejection analysis, and robustness of proposed control strategies. The comprehensive comparison of results shows that WOA-PIDD2-PI-ISE and GWO-TID-F- ISE perform superior. Moreover, the proposed control strategies yield oscillation-free, stable, and quick response, which confirms the robustness of the proposed control strategies to the disturbance, parameter variation of BBS, and tracking performance. The practical implementation of the proposed controllers can be in the field of under actuated mechanical systems (UMS), robotics and industrial automation. The proposed control strategies are successfully tested in MATLAB simulation.
Mannose and glycine: Metabolites with potentially causal implications in chronic kidney disease pathogenesis
Authors: Hu Yongzheng , Jiang Wei
Published: February 2024

Background

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) represents a global health challenge, with its etiology and underlying mechanisms yet to be fully elucidated. Integrating genomics with metabolomics can offer insights into the putatively causal relationships between serum metabolites and CKD.

Methods

Utilizing bidirectional Mendelian Randomization (MR), we assessed the putatively causal associations between 486 serum metabolites and CKD. Genetic data for these metabolites were sourced from comprehensive genome-wide association studies, and CKD data were obtained from the CKDGen Consortium.

Results

Our analysis identified four metabolites with a robust association with CKD risk, of which mannose and glycine showed the most reliable causal relationships. Pathway analysis spotlighted five significant metabolic pathways, notably including "Methionine Metabolism" and "Arginine and Proline Metabolism", as key contributors to CKD pathogenesis.

Conclusion

This study underscores the potential of certain serum metabolites as biomarkers for CKD and illuminates pivotal metabolic pathways in CKD’s pathogenesis. Our findings lay the groundwork for potential therapeutic interventions and warrant further research for validation.
La llamada Terra Sigillata Hispánica Tardía Meridional (TSHTM) en Santa María de Abajo (Carranque, Toledo)
Authors: Aranda González Raúl , García-Entero Virginia , Pina Burón María Rosa
Published: February 2024

En las campañas de investigación arqueológica de 2019 y 2021 llevadas a cabo en el yacimiento de Santa María de Abajo (Carranque, Toledo) se ha afrontado el estudio del material cerámico que fue recuperado por el equipo de investigación previo al actual, el cual intervino entre 1986 y 2003, así como la revisión de parte del material recuperado durante las excavaciones arqueológicas llevadas a cabo, ya con metodología estratigráfica, en los años 2009 y 2010 por nuestro equipo. Este trabajo de revisión ha permitido la identificación de un conjunto de fragmentos cerámicos asociables a las producciones denominadas Terra Sigillata Hispánica Tardía Meridional (TSHTM) que habían sido inadvertidas hasta ahora en el yacimiento. El estudio abordado ha permitido diferenciar cuatro grupos tecnológicos, cuya caracterización arqueométrica (Microscopía Óptica –MO–, análisis textural y geoquímico por Microscopía Electrónica de Barrido con microanálisis de Espectroscopía de Rayos X por Dispersión de Energía –SEM-EDX– y análisis mineralógico por Difracción de Rayos X-Policristal –DRX-P–) ha sido realizada por el Servicio de Conservación, Restauración y Estudios científicos del Patrimonio Arqueológico (SECYR) de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, y cinco series formales (Orfila 1, 2, 3, 4 y 13), dentro de las establecidas por la historiografía de esta producción cerámica. El análisis de estas producciones cerámicas y su cotejo con otros contextos del interior de la península ibérica permite un avance en el conocimiento tanto de las fases y circunstancias del abandono del edificio palacial de Carranque, como del panorama productivo de la Antigüedad Tardía en el centro peninsular.
Nuevos datos y reflexiones sobre CILC IV 1159 (Grimaldo, Cáceres): ¿un miliario palimpsesto?
Authors: Paredes Martín Enrique
Published: February 2024

El miliario CILC IV 1159 es uno de los más problemáticos de la comúnmente conocida como Vía de la Plata. Procedente de la localidad cacereña de Grimaldo y actualmente depositado en la Catedral de Plasencia, desde su descubrimiento y edición original este miliario lleva décadas planteando serios problemas en cuanto a su lectura y a su comprensión. Dado el deterioro de la pieza y lo irregular de su inscripción, han sido muy distintas las propuestas de restitución textual que se han dado a este hito por parte de diferentes investigadores, si bien lo cierto es que ninguna de ellas ha permitido una correcta comprensión de la inscripción en él grabada. No obstante, a través de un detallado estudio de la pieza, que ha conllevado por primera vez la elaboración de un calco del texto y la confección de distintos modelos fotogramétricos de la pieza por medio del software Agisoft Metashape, ofrecemos en estas páginas una nueva propuesta interpretativa, según la cual creemos estar en disposición de plantear que nos hallamos en realidad ante un miliario palimpsesto, es decir, un miliario cuya inscripción original fue parcialmente borrada para dar cabida a un segundo texto posterior. Esto permitiría explicar, en nuestra opinión, ciertas anomalías textuales que tantos problemas han planteado en la bibliografía previa acerca de este hito. Los escasos caracteres todavía apreciables de la primera inscripción y, sobre todo, la identidad del emperador nombrado en el segundo texto nos llevan a presentar la hipótesis de atribución de sendas inscripciones respectivamente al usurpador Magnencio y a Constancio II, pudiendo ofrecer, por tanto, un marco cronológico entre los años 350-353 (texto A) y 353-361 d. C. (texto B) para este problemático miliario.
Wegzugsbesteuerung (§ 6 AStG) ohne dauerhafte Stundung bei Wegzug in die Schweiz rechtmäßig?
Authors: Kollruss Thomas , Fehn Christopher
Published: February 2024

Der vorliegende Beitrag wurde zum 09.08.2023 erstellt. Er befasst sich mit der Frage, ob die deutsche Wegzugsbesteuerung nach § 6 AStG a.F. bei Wegzug in die Schweiz gegen die Niederlassungsfreiheit nach dem Freizügigkeitsabkommen (FZA) mit der Schweiz verstößt und damit rechtswidrig ist, da keine dauerhafte Stundung der festgesetzten Steuer ohne Liquiditätsnachteil wie bei einem Inlandsfall bis zur tatsächlichen Realisierung der stillen Reserven gewährt wird. Hierbei wird ein Ausblick auf die BFH-Revisionsentscheidung I R 35/20 zu § 6 AStG a.F. gegeben. Weiterhin wird der Frage nachgegangen, ob auch unter § 6 AStG n.F. bei einem Wegzug in die Schweiz ab 01.01.2022 eine dauerhafte Stundung der Wegzugssteuer unter Berücksichtigung der Niederlassungsfreiheit nach dem FZA verpflichtend zu gewähren ist.
In the Realm of Ends: The Fate of Moveable Type
Authors: Lewis Daniel
Published: February 2024

There is something strange, perhaps, in producing a journal called ‘Moveable Type’ that has never appeared in print, or been anywhere near a press. How or why the editors of the first volume landed on the name is lost to history, or at least in need of some research. But what is certain is that the journal, born (enrolled?) in the (academic) year 2004-5, is a child of the Internet. A thoroughly digital native; assembled, uploaded, published, downloaded and read—one hopes—online. There is, perhaps, a further irony in the fact that, until recently, Moveable Type was a repository for papers delivered at the UCL English Department’s annual graduate conference, and so a record of the spoken word. And last year, the journal made a tentative move into the realm of podcasts. From the oral to the written to the digital, from written record to sound recording. We appear to be leaving the Gutenberg Galaxy.
Fenomenología dialéctica y filosofía concreta en el primer Marcuse
Authors: Magnet Colomer Jordi
Published: February 2024

En el particular contexto filosófico de la Alemania de entreguerras, el joven H. Marcuse llevó a cabo una original recepción en clave marxista de la fenomenología existencial y de la Lebensphilosophie (I). En sus primeros artículos, «Contribuciones a una fenomenología del materialismo histórico» (1928) y «Sobre filosofía concreta» (1929), esa recepción se orientó al proyecto de elaboración de una fenomenología dialéctica y, vinculado con ello, al intento de fundamentar la acción radical en el concepto ontológico de historicidad (Geschichtlichkeit) sin descuidar su componente material (II, III, IV). Asimismo, en la situación de caída (Verfallen) del Dasein, Marcuse va a otorgar una misión primordial a la filosofía concreta (V).
«Rasgad vuestros corazones y no vuestras vestiduras»: un comentario a las palabras del capítulo 2, versículo 13, del primer libro de Joel
Authors: Aguirre Martínez Guillermo
Published: February 2024

El presente texto expone una interpretación de las palabras de Joel recogidas en el capítulo 2, versículo 13, de su primer libro. A partir de la invitación del profeta a sustituir la antigua Ley por una nueva, se tratará en torno a las relaciones entre el yo y el tú, es decir, en torno a las relaciones intersubjetivas como modo de apertura hacia una realidad dotada de mayor y abundante sentido.
Dos cartas inéditas entre Manuel García Morente y Xavier Zubiri
Authors: Infante Gómez Juan Carlos
Published: February 2024

Ofrecemos dos cartas inéditas entre los filósofos Manuel García Morente y Xavier Zubiri. La primera carta, escrita por el pensador giennense, viene a iluminar el itinerario de su conversión religiosa que le llevó a ordenarse sacerdote en la Iglesia católica. Dicho proceso espiritual había empezado a fraguarse el año anterior en París, durante el exilio que ambos pensadores habían compartido en la capital francesa, tras el estallido de la guerra civil española. En la segunda carta, fechada casi dos años y medio después de la anterior, Zubiri dirige al pensador andaluz unas palabras entrañables en respuesta a la invitación recibida de asistir a su primera misa; una carta en la que el filósofo vasco desvela la inquebrantable amistad entre ambos pensadores, intensificada en los últimos años por la fe cristiana.
El Pascal trágico de Miguel de Unamuno (En el cuarto centenario del nacimiento de Blaise Pascal: 1623-2023)
Authors: Villar Alicia
Published: February 2024

Análisis de la interpretación de Blaise Pascal por parte de Miguel Unamuno, precisando lo que le unió al escritor francés en fondo y forma, y señalando asimismo lo que en realidad les separa. Después de resaltar el estilo compartido por los dos autores, se precisa el contenido de las referencias más importantes de Unamuno a Pascal en diferentes escritos. Todo ello muestra la interpretación de Pascal por parte de Unamuno como un espíritu «atormentado». Dicha interpretación se vio propiciada por el estado de las ediciones de los Pensamientos de Pascal en vida de Unamuno, que no facilitaban distinguir el pensamiento propio de Pascal de su interlocutor, un escéptico al que quería incitar a buscar la fe en Dios. El artículo termina con una referencia a la presencia del argumento de la apuesta de Pascal en la novela San Manuel Bueno, mártir.
A History of Gambyong: From Folk Art to Classical Dance. By Sri Rochana Widyastutieningrum. Translated by Maho Ishiguro, Rajendra Amira L.S., Sonia Pangesti Lambangsari, and Thow Xin Wei.
Authors: Ishiguro Maho , Widyastutieningrum Sri Rochana , Rajendra Amira L.S.  , Thow Xin Wei  , Lambangsari Sonia Pangesti
Published: February 2024

Gambyong is a Central Javanese dance form with folk origins. Today, it is performed in royal courts, at opening ceremonies for official municipal events, as well as at other social events such as weddings, performing arts festivals, and the anniversaries of establishments. While gambyong developed within the two court cities of Yogyakarta and Surakarta, it is in the latter where the dance has been more prominently cultivated and woven into the social fabric of today. Infused with the aesthetics and prestige of the Central Javanese courts, gambyong characteristically portrays the elegance, amorousness, and alluring liveliness of its female dancers. In this monograph, Sri Rochana Widyastutieningrum discusses the history and recent developments of gambyong, the content and context of its performance, and its practice in the present day. The author also explores gambyong’s sociocultural values and symbolism, its educational value for women’s minds and souls, its aesthetics and philosophical underpinnings, and its musical accompaniment.

Citation: Widyastutieningrum, Sri Rochana. A History of Gambyong: From Folk Art to Classical Dance. Translated by Maho Ishiguro, Rajendra Amira L.S., Sonia Pangesti Lambangsari, and Thow Xin Wei. Ethnomusicology Translations, no. 14. Bloomington, IN: Society for Ethnomusicology, 2024. 

Originally published as: Widyastutieningrum, Sri Rochana. Sejarah Tari Gambyong: Seni Rakyat Menuju Istana. Surakarta, Indonesia: Citra Etnika Surakarta, 2004.
2024 IGWS calendar
Authors: Wilkins Kristen , Sturgeon Polly , Mastalerz Maria , Clifford Sara , Jones Casey , Lanman Jennifer
Published: February 2024

The annual Indiana Geological and Water Survey calendar focuses on an area of Survey research, interest or history. The topic of the 2024 calendar is critical minerals, earth materials that are essential to economic prosperity and national security. They include metals like lithium, nickel, and cobalt, rare earth elements, and other valuable minerals. Critical minerals are found in small concentrations, often with other mineral deposits, making them difficult and expensive to extract. The U.S. is increasingly dependent upon foreign sources of the processed versions of critical minerals. China controls the market for processing and refining, which leaves most of the world reliant upon imports.
To Bee, or Not to Bee: A Commentary on International Neonicotinoid Regulation
Authors: Sykes Cooper
Published: February 2024

Amidst a time of dramatic climate change and exponential population growth, sustaining food production, and the pollinators essential to that production, has taken on increased importance. The current global system of industrial agriculture, however, relies on chemical pesticides, including neonicotinoids. A growing number of studies convincingly demonstrate that neonicotinoids are killing bees and their colonies. With bees and other pollinator populations in danger, an integral part of the world’s food system is at risk.

This paper focuses on the dangers of neonicotinoid use and the need for international neonicotinoid regulation. The paper analyzes the emergence of neonicotinoids in the global agrochemical market, their negative impact on the health of pollinators, and the current legal regulations that govern neonicotinoid use. It recommends greater use of multilateral, international agreements to more comprehensively regulate neonicotinoids to protect bees and other pollinator populations. Other environmental treaties, such as the Montreal Protocol and the Stockholm Convention, provide accessible frameworks for cooperative regulation. If international communities act quickly, there may still be time to sufficiently protect pollinator populations from further catastrophic harm from neonicotinoid use. Bees and other pollinators are essential for global food production, and this paper provides a path forward for policy-makers and law-makers to better protect these species from the harms of neonicotinoids.
President's Paragraph: Notes from HASTI's President
Authors: Williams Craig
Published: February 2024

In each issue of The Hoosier Science Teacher, we invite the president to share some thoughts as an introduction. In this issue, HASTI’s current President Craig Williams shares his thoughts about challenges and opportunities in 2023-24 for science teachers in Indiana.
Preparing to View the 2024 Total Eclipse Safely: A Video Article
Authors: McConnell Tom J.
Published: February 2024

The total solar eclipse coming in April, 2024, is naturally drawing a great deal of attention from scientists, science educators, and casual science enthusiasts. Indiana is expected a large contingent of visitors from around the world for the event. Science educators can use this exciting natural phenomenon as teaching tool, and we can all look forward to a once-in-a-lifetime experience.

A partial eclipse in 2017 taught us some lessons about solar eclipse viewing with a public audience. One of those lessons is that school administrators tend to react with extreme caution when eclipses occur. Principals and superintendents across the state directed teachers to not let students go outside during the eclipse to avoid potential injuries from viewing the eclipse without proper safety precautions.

As a life-long science educator, the author suggests a different approach. With proper planning and preparation, including educating our school administrators, the 2024 total eclipse can be a fun and educational… and safe! The tools to view and eclipse safely are easy to find, and there are excellent materials that even young children can make and use at school, at home, or at a public eclipse viewing event.

To help teachers and administrators learn more about how to prepare for safe eclipse viewing, the science education community at Ball State University offers a video article. You can view the article by clicking the following link to the YouTube video:

Preparing to View the 2024 Total Eclipse Safely: A Video Article
Freebies! Free Resources for Teachers
Authors: HASTI Board of Directors
Published: February 2024

This feature of THST will provide information for teachers aboutfree resources, PD activities, and materials. 

Look for this feature in each issue!
THST Front Matter 46-2
Authors: THST Editorial Board
Published: February 2024

Bannerhead and Table of Contents, Volume 46, Number 2.