bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microsatellite Instability as a Predictor of Outcomes in Colorectal Cancer in the Era of Immune-Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Lengyel Csongor György
Published: May 2021

The microsatellite instable phenotype resulting from errors in DNA mismatch repair proteins
accounts for as far as 15 to 20% of non-hereditary colon cancers but is scarce in rectal cancer.
It has been shown that the increased existence of tumor-specific neoantigens in hypermutated tumors
is correlated with higher tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and overexpression of immune
checkpoint receptors and ligands, mainly PD-1 and PD-L1. In particular, the data gained up
to now gives evidence that neoantigen recognition constitutes a dominant component in the course
of immunotherapies. This review's primary objective is to describe current approvals and summarize
present knowledge about the outcomes of immuno-oncology treatment of microsatellite instable
colorectal cancer (CRC). The secondary objective is to give a narrative report about testing
methodologies, prognostics, and the predictive value of microsatellite instability. For this purpose,
a literature review was performed, focusing on published clinical trial results, ongoing clinical
trials and timelines, testing methods, and prognostic and predictive value of MSI. Following four
recent FDA approvals of immunotherapy of MSI-high CRC, further work should be warranted by
pathology societies towards standardization and rising concordance and reproducibility across the
IHC/MSI testing landscape in order to facilitate professionals to offer better survival options for patients
with CRC.
Recent Advances in Synthesis and Reactions of β-Amino-α ,β -Enones (Enaminones)
Authors: Farghaly Thoraya , Abo Alnaja Alaa M. , Shaaban Mohamed R.
Published: May 2021

β-Amino-α,β-enones or β-enamino carbonyl compounds are versatile synthons intermediates for
the construction of various bio-active heterocyclic compounds and have been established as multipurpose synthetic
precursors in organic syntheses and in pharmaceutical developments. In this work, we will discuss the
different synthetic routes to obtain β−amino−α,β-enones or β-enamino carbonyl compounds, their reactions,
and their utility in the construction of organic frameworks and heterocyclic ring systems. Structurally, β-
amino-α,β-enones are attractive intermediates that syndicate the ambident behaviours of nucleophilicity and
electrophilicity of enones at the same time. β-amino-α,β-enones have been known as acceptors in both 1,2- and
1,4- additions that make them good intermediate compounds for annulation to different heterocycles.
THE ROLE OF DECISIONS OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF LEGISLATION ON MASS MEDIA
Authors:   D. Sh. Pirbudagova Dagestan State University, Pirbudagova D. Sh. , Omarova A.M. ,   A.M. Omarova Dagestan State University
Published: May 2021

The article examines the legal positions of the constitutional control bodies regarding the legislative regulation of the status of mass media. The authors note that the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation has made decisions on the issues of financing, ownership and legal regulation of mass media, the relationship between the mass media, society and the state, the content of the constitutional prohibition of censorship and its correlation with restrictions on freedom of mass media, etc. Conclusions are drawn about the conceptual nature of the decisions of the constitutional Court of the Russian Federation aimed at clarifying the constitutional and legal status of mass media and contributing to filling legal gaps in this area
SPECIAL MEASURES TO ENSURE THE PERSONAL SAFETY OF CONVICTED PERSONS WHO HAVE COMMITTED CRIMES AGAINST SEXUAL INTEGRITY AND SEXUAL FREEDOM OF THE INDIVIDUAL
Authors:   O.V. Pronina Academy of Law and Management of the Federal Penitentiary Service, Pronina O.V.
Published: May 2021

The article deals with the issues of ensuring the safety of convicts who have committed crimes against sexual integrity and sexual freedom of the individual. The author defines the basis for ensuring personal security as a set of preventive, regime, operational and other measures carried out by structural divisions of a correctional institution. Special attention is paid to the work of the above-mentioned services aimed at preventing crimes against this category of convicts. Legal regulation is the basis for ensuring the safety of the individual in a correctional institution. The author highlights the issues of legislative support of granting parole, replacing the unserved part of punishment by softer kind of punishment and change of the correctional institution for convicted perpetrators of crimes against sexual inviolability and sexual freedom of the person. Proposed measures for the prevention of crimes against convicted persons.
STATE OF NATURAL RESOURCES OF DAGESTAN IN THE XVIII-FIRST HALF OF THE XIX CENTURIES, THEIR LEGAL STATUS AND MILITARY-STRATEGIC SIGNIFICANCE
Authors:   V.P. Egorova Dagestan State University, Egorova V.P.
Published: May 2021

The article analyzes in detail the content of a dozen works of Russian scientists of the 18th - first third of the 19th centuries who visited Dagestan and published material about its forest lands. They gave them a detailed description, differentiating forests into business, wood and drill. On this basis, the article characterizes the role and content of the people's adats, who legally protected the forest and its products in various rural communities of Dagestan. The last section of the article is devoted to the events associated with the Caucasian War, which had a detrimental effect on the natural resources of Dagestan.
SOME ISSUES OF LEGISLATION OF CONSTITUENT ENTITIES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ON THE PARTICIPATION OF CITIZENS IN PUBLIC ORDER PROTECTION
Authors:   K.A. Sultanov Moscow University of the Ministry of internal Affairs of Russia named after V.Ya. Kikot, Sultanov K.A.
Published: May 2021

Since 2014, Federal legislation and the legislation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the field of public order protection, including the regulation of the activities of people's vigilantes and public associations, has been developing very actively. The subject of the research of the manuscript is the legislation of the Russian Federation on the participation of citizens in the protection of public order and the normative legal acts of the subjects of the Russian Federation adopted in accordance with it. The article analyzes the adopted Federal law of 02.04.2014 No. 44-FZ "on participation of citizens in the protection of public order" for the possibility of implementing its individual provisions. The author considers the author's position in terms of strengthening guarantees to persons involved in the protection of public order in administrative legislation on the example of the Kaluga, Penza and Lipetsk regions and the Republic of Crimea and Dagestan. Specific recommendations are proposed to increase the prestige of citizens ' participation in the protection of public order
DIGITAL INSTRUMENTS IN THE TRAINING OF LAW STUDENTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF DISTANCE AND MIXED LEARNING
Authors:   Sh. B. Magomedov Dagestan State University, Magomedov Sh. B. , Abdusalamov R.A. ,   R.A. Abdusalamov Dagestan State University, Magdilova L.V. ,   L.V. Magdilova Dagestan State University
Published: May 2021

The article discusses the problems of organizational, legal and software and technical implementation of distance and blended learning based on the creation of an educational platform of the university, implemented using cloud computing. The combination of new approaches to the organization of training and educational solutions allows you to create effective digital resources for a more visual presentation of educational material, work in small groups, using the technology of the inverted classroom, gamification, and building individual student learning paths. The analysis of the possibilities of educational platforms for the creation and placement of multimedia digital content, journals of student activities, testing, scientific research is presented. As a result, it was concluded that existing digital technologies, including cloud computing, make it possible to form a system of electronic, distance and blended learning, based on the requirements of educational standards for the content of courses and disciplines, planning students' activities, monitoring and correcting their activities, assessing and the formation of assignments for self-study.
Análisis exploratorio del campo de fuerzas alrededor de una cultura de simplicidad en las empresas del sector petroquímico de Cartagena de Indias
Authors:   Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, Robledo Fernandez Juan Carlos , Ruiz Andrade Gabriel ,   Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Rodas Cadavid Jorge Mario ,   Universidad Autónoma de Baja California
Published: May 2021

La complejidad es inherente a la naturaleza de las organizaciones por ello requiere ser comprendida, gestionada a través de la construcción de espacios semánticos y formas de acción tanto de individuos como de colectivos. En forma paradójica, un elemento de la complejidad es la simplicidad. De ahi? que explorar la simplicidad en las organizaciones es un componente clave para canalizar la complejidad y un desafi?o del Management, en especial del Campo de la Estrategia. La simplicidad es por tanto un modo particular de comprender la realidad. Es tambie?n una capacidad cognitiva que debiera desarrollar el personal de la organización. La Simplicidad es la paradoja misma de la complejidad en la que “ve lo uno, y ve lo múltiple, pero no puede ver que lo uno puede, al mismo tiempo ser múltiple” (Balmes,1860)
Turismo: driver de crecimiento de las empresas de la industria turística en los municipios costeros del Golfo de Morrosquillo del Departamento de Sucre
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Valladares Icedo Omar , Aguirre Bertel Angélica ,   Corporación Universitaria del Caribe-CECAR, Prieto Flórez Javier ,   Universidad de Cartagena
Published: May 2021

El Turismo en el Golfo de Morrosquillo representa una importante y priorizada apuesta productiva del departamento de Sucre, su contribución a la economía cada vez es más significativa. Sin embargo, el desarrollo competitivo de las empresas ha sido un reto que afronta muchas limitaciones. La estructura de modelos donde se identifiquen las variables que dinamizan la industria turística es la herramienta para potencializar las riquezas de la región e incursionar hacia mercados de escala internacional. El principal propósito de este artículo es analizar las condiciones de las empresas turísticas del golfo de Morrosquillo teniendo en cuenta el modelo de competitividad de Crouch y Ritchie. Los resultados evidenciaron debilidades del sector, pero a la vez develo las oportunidades con el que cuenta el departamento de Sucre
Assessment of the Feasibility, Acceptability, and Impact of Implementing Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention in Nampula Province, Mozambique: Protocol for a Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation Study
Authors: Wharton-Smith Alexandra , Baker Kevin , Roca-Feltrer Arantxa , Rodrigues Maria , Richardson Sol , Bonnington Craig A , Rassi Christian , Marasciulo Madeleine , Enosse Sonia , Saute Francisco , Aide Pedro , Macete Eusebio , Candrinho Baltazar
Published: May 2021

Background

Malaria is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in children aged under 5 years in Mozambique. The World Health Organization recommends seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC), the administration of four monthly courses of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) and amodiaquine (AQ), to children aged 3-59 months during rainy season. However, as resistance to SP is widespread in East and Southern Africa, SMC has so far only been implemented across the Sahel in West Africa.

Objective

This protocol describes the first phase of a pilot project that aims to assess the protective effect of SP and AQ when used for SMC and investigate the levels of molecular markers of resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to antimalarial medicines in the study districts. In addition, it is important to understand whether SMC is a feasible and acceptable intervention in the context of Nampula Province, Mozambique.

Methods

This study will adopt a hybrid effectiveness-implementation design to conduct a mixed methods evaluation with six objectives: a molecular marker study, a nonrandomized controlled trial, an analysis of reported malaria morbidity indicators, a documentation exercise of the contextual SMC adaptation, an acceptability and feasibility assessment, and a coverage and quality assessment.

Results

Ethical approval for this study was granted by the Mozambican Ministry of Health National Bioethics Committee on September 15, 2020. Data collection began in October 2020, and data analysis is expected to be completed by August 2021.

Conclusions

This research will make a unique contribution to our understanding of whether the combination of SP and AQ, when used for SMC, can confer a protective effect against malaria in children aged 3-59 months in a region where malaria transmission is seasonal and SP resistance is expected to be high. If the project is successful, subsequent phases are expected to provide a more comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness and sustainability of SMCs.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/27855
Burden of Cervical Cancer in the Eastern Mediterranean Region During the Years 2000 and 2017: Retrospective Data Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study (Preprint)
Authors: Safaeian Fereshteh , Ghaemimood Shidrokh , El-Khatib Ziad , Enayati Sahba , Mirkazemi Roksana , Reeder Bruce
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND

Cervical cancer is a growing health concern, especially in resource-limited settings.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to assess the burden of cervical cancer mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) and globally between the years 2000 and 2017 by using a pooled data analysis approach.

METHODS

We used an ecological approach at the country level. This included extracting data from publicly available databases and linking them together in the following 3 steps: (1) extraction of data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study in the years 2000 and 2017, (2) categorization of EMR countries according to the World Bank gross domestic product per capita, and (3) linking age-specific population data from the Population Statistics Division of the United Nations (20-29 years, 30-49 years, and >50 years) and GBD’s data with gross national income per capita and globally extracted data, including cervical cancer mortality and DALY numbers and rates per country. The cervical cancer mortality rate was provided by the GBD study using the following formula: number of cervical cancer deaths × 100,000/female population in the respective age group.

RESULTS

The absolute number of deaths due to cervical cancer increased from the year 2000 (n=6326) to the year 2017 (n=8537) in the EMR; however, the mortality rate due to this disease decreased from the year 2000 (2.7 per 100,000) to the year 2017 (2.5 per 100,000). According to age-specific data, the age group ≥50 years showed the highest mortality rate in both EMR countries and globally, and the age group of 20-29 years showed the lowest mortality rate both globally and in the EMR countries. Further, the rates of cervical cancer DALYs in the EMR were lower compared to the global rates (2.7 vs 6.8 in 2000 and 2.5 vs 6.8 in 2017 for mortality rate per 100,000; 95.8 vs 222.2 in 2000 and 86.3 vs 211.8 in 2017 for DALY rate per 100,000; respectively). However, the relative difference in the number of DALYs due to cervical cancer between the year 2000 and year 2017 in the EMR was higher than that reported globally (34.9 vs 24.0 for the number of deaths and 23.5 vs 18.1 for the number of DALYs, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

We found an increase in the burden of cervical cancer in the EMR as per the data on the absolute number of deaths and DALYs. Further, we found that the health care system has an increased number of cases to deal with, despite the decrease in the absolute number of deaths and DALYs. Cervical cancer is preventable if human papilloma vaccination is taken and early screening is performed. Therefore, we recommend identifying effective vaccination programs and interventions to reduce the burden of this disease.
Usability of Rapid Cholera Detection Device (OmniVis) for Water Quality Workers in Bangladesh: Iterative Convergent Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Rager Theresa L , Koepfli Cristian , Khan Wasif A , Ahmed Sabeena , Mahmud Zahid Hayat , Clayton Katherine N
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND

Cholera poses a significant global health burden. In Bangladesh, cholera is endemic and causes more than 100,000 cases each year. Established environmental reservoirs leave millions at risk of infection through the consumption of contaminated water. The Global Task Force for Cholera Control has called for increased environmental surveillance to detect contaminated water sources prior to human infection in an effort to reduce cases and deaths. The OmniVis rapid cholera detection device uses loop-mediated isothermal amplification and particle diffusometry detection methods integrated into a handheld hardware device that attaches to an iPhone 6 to identify and map contaminated water sources.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to evaluate the usability of the OmniVis device with targeted end users to advance the iterative prototyping process and ultimately design a device that easily integrates into users’ workflow.

METHODS

Water quality workers were trained to use the device and subsequently completed an independent device trial and usability questionnaire. Pretraining and posttraining knowledge assessments were administered to ensure training quality did not confound trial and questionnaire

RESULTS

Device trials identified common user errors and device malfunctions including incorrect test kit insertion and device powering issues. We did not observe meaningful differences in user errors or device malfunctions accumulated per participant across demographic groups. Over 25 trials, the mean time to complete a test was 47 minutes, a significant reduction compared with laboratory protocols, which take approximately 3 days. Overall, participants found the device easy to use and expressed confidence and comfort in using the device independently.

CONCLUSIONS

These results are used to advance the iterative prototyping process of the OmniVis rapid cholera detection device so it can achieve user uptake, workflow integration, and scale to ultimately impact cholera control and elimination strategies. We hope this methodology will promote robust usability evaluations of rapid pathogen detection technologies in device development.
Introduction
Authors: Paradis Patricia
Published: May 2021

This special issue of the Forum is a compilation of papers presented at a panel convened by Debra Parkes,1 two weeks after the release of the Supreme Court’s decision in Fraser v Canada2 on October 16, 2020. It also includes a paper by Richard Moon, as he originally suggested the idea for such a special issue.
РЕШЕНИЯ КОМПАНИИ MICRON ДЛЯ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОГО ИНТЕРНЕТА ВЕЩЕЙ
Authors: Садеков Д.
Published: May 2021

Micron Technology – один из ведущих мировых производителей на рынке DRAM-памяти, NAND / NOR флеш-памяти, SSD-накопителей, карт памяти. В статье представлен обзор решений от Micron, предназначенных для применения в сегменте промышленного Интернета вещей.
The earthquake swarm of february 1981 in Mexico City
Authors: Havskov J.
Published: May 2021

Entre el 4 y el 15 de febrero de 1981 ocurrió en la Cd. de México una serie de temblores particularmente bien registrados. Los 5 eventos mayores aquí analizados (2.7 <ML<3.2) tuvieron hipocentros dentro de un volumen de 1 km3, con localización media en 19.3780N - 99.196°W y una profundidad de 1.2 km. Las localizaciones relativas de estos eventos mostraron una migración de 0.7 a 1.6 km en un piano casi vertical. Se obtuvo una solución de piano de falla normal con el eje tensional en la dirección casi Este-Oeste, usando estaciones locales y regionales. El análisis espectral dio momentos sísmicos en el rango 0.5 - 2.0 x 1020 dinas-cm y caídas de esfuerzo de 1 a 5 bares. Se obtuvieron parámetros similares para el evento mayor ocurrido en una serie de temblores en la misma área en febrero de 1980. Parece ser probable que estos eventos ocurran como resultado de la acumulación de tensión regional; no obstante, el hundimiento del Valle de México podría posiblemente originar tensiones orientadas similares, las cuales, si no ocasionan los sismos, los pudieran disparar.
El temblor de profundidad intermedia de Nicaragua del 15 de octubre de 1967(mb = 6.2) ¿temblor de baja caída de esfuerzos?
Authors: Montero P. W. , Ponce L.
Published: May 2021

El análisis espectral de onda P realizado en estaciones ubicadas a distancias telesísmicas, permitió la estimación de los parámetros de la fuente del temblor (mb= 6.2) de profundidad intermedia (h = 160 km), ocurrido el 15 de octubre de 1967 con epicentro vecino al volcán Masaya y cerca de la ciudad de Managua, Nicaragua (11.91 °N; 85.98°W). El momento sísmico determinado es de 2.4 x 1026 dinas-cm, el radio de ruptura de 29.0 km, la caída de esfuerzos de 4.3 bares, el esfuerzo aparente promedio de 1.4 bares y el deslizamiento promedio de 6.4 cm. La baja caída de esfuerzos encontrada sugiere la existencia de una región de baja resistencia a los esfuerzos de cizalle, dentro de la zona de Benioff a profundidades de 160 km. Esto pudiera ser resultado del calor generado por la ocurrencia frecuente de sismos de moderada magnitud a profundidad intermedia, por procesos de deshidratación y por las características térmicas heredadas desde la formación en la dorsal, de la relativamente joven placa litosférica de Cocos que alcanza la fosa Mesoamericana.
Les ensambles geologiques du Mexique meridional. Evolution geodynamique durant le mesozoique et le cenozoique
Authors: Carfantan J. C.
Published: May 2021

En este trabajo se definen diferentes dominios geológicos para el sur de México y América Central y se describe la evolución paleogeográfica y estructural del área. Durante el Mesozoico su historia es la de las relaciones entre el Tetis y el Pacífico. Durante el Cenozoico, su historia está asociada a la evolución del Pacífico Este. El conjunto de datos geológicos, geofísicos y oceanográficos permite establecer un modelo de evolución que comprende nueve etapas examinadas sucesivamente.
Palaeomagnetis and rock magnetism of selected intrusive igneous bodies from southern Mexico i reconnaissance study of the Acapulco and Tierra Colorada intrusives
Authors: Urrutia Fucugauchi Jaime
Published: May 2021

Se presentan resultados paleomagnéticos de 60 muestras orientadas, colectadas en dos intrusiones: el. granito de Acapulco (datación de Rb-Sr en separado de biotita, 48 ± 0.5 m.a.) y la monzonita ele Tierra Colorada (datación de Rb-Sr en separado de biotita, 36.6 ± 2 m.a.). La demagnetización por campos magnéticos alternos decrecientes y por altas temperaturas indica que el registro paleomagnético de los intrusivos es complejo. El análisis de las direcciones de magnetización sugiere que se registraron variaciones del campo geomagnético durante el emplazamiento de los intrusivos. Las explicaciones posibles consideradas son: (1) variaciones del campo geomagnético registradas durante el enfriamiento de los intrusivos; (2) remagnetización; (3) movimientos tectónicos internos; (4) movimientos tectónicos de los intrusivos; y (5) magnetizaciones inestables. La respuesta magnética de los intrusivos es dominada por las magnetizaciones inducidas (los coeficientes de Q son pequeños), las cuales son mayores en la monzonita.
IMPLEMENTING BILINGUAL STORY-TELLING PICTURE BOOK TO REINFORCE CHARACTER EDUCATION FOR PRE-SCHOOLERS IN ENGLISH EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITY
Authors: Wiraatmaja Triastama , Wardani Agista Nidya , Warnanda S. Kharisma Naidi
Published: May 2021

Reinforcing character education in the early childhood education or preschooler was deemed important nowadays; however, in order to do so it requires creative yet unique method to pique young pupils’ interest. Therefore, this research intends to elaborate the idea of reinforcing character education by implementing Bilingual Story-Telling Picture Book towards the pupils at one of the preschoolers located in Malang, East Java. This Bilingual Story-Telling Picture Book was composed specifically to teach the students about character education by integrating it with one of extracurricular activities in this school, the English language extracurricular activity. Therefore, this Bilingual Story-Telling Picture Book attempted to not only reinforcing the young pupils’ character education in story telling activity, but also improving their literacy and interest towards English language. Thus, the results indicate that the students were keen on learning English on the story-telling activity delivered by the teacher in charge whilst absorbing the value of character education delivered by the book.
Minha escola não existe? Política de expansão de vagas em interface com a regulamentação dos espaços
Authors: Dos Santos Érico José , Alves Cândida Mª Santos Daltro , Santos de Jesus Marcela , Dos Santos Nilson Carlos Nascimento
Published: May 2021

Esta pesquisa analisou a política de expansão da oferta de vagas para a Educação Infantil no município de Itabuna-Bahia, caracterizado pela realidade do partilhamento do espaço do Ensino Fundamental com a Educação Infantil. Como percurso metodológico, optou-se por pesquisa qualitativa, com a abordagem do Ciclo de Políticas formulado por Stephen Ball e Richard Bowe. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de arquivos e documentos oficiais e de entrevista com representantes da Secretaria Municipal da Educação (SME), do Conselho Municipal de Educação (CME), do Sindicato do Magistério Público Municipal de Itabuna (SIMPI). Ainda como parte do levantamento dos dados, realizamos o registro fotográfico de 08 instituições públicas que adotaram essa política pública. Nessa fase foram aplicados questionários com as professoras, com o objetivo de analisar as interpretações dos docentes sobre a política municipal de expansão de vagas e que relações estabelecem entre os espaços partilhados e os documentos que os regulamentam para pensar a arquitetura das instituições e a finalidade da Educação Infantil. Os resultados da investigação indicaram que: a ausência de avaliações da política implementada interfere na qualidade dos espaços; as instituições educativas visitadas apresentaram condições inadequadas que perpassam pela violação dos direitos básicos de cidadania e de acesso aos serviços públicos.
Social Cognition and Attachment Profiles of Fibromyalgia Syndrome Patients in Comparison with Healthy Subjects
Authors: Ayhan Beycan Gözde , AYRIBAS BASAR , Sanal Canan , Ünalan Pemra Cöbek
Published: May 2021

Background: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a chronic syndrome primarily
characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain. Although its etiology
is not fully understood, complex interactions between biological,
genetic and psycho-sociological factors thought to be effective in the
onset and maintenance of FMS. Psychological factors could be explained
by social cognitive concepts, which include mentalizing other person’s
intentions, beliefs, behaviors and attachment styles. Objectives: In
this study we aimed to examine social cognitive and attachment profiles
of FMS patients. Methods: The participants were recruited from Marmara
University Pendik Training and Research Hospital. Sociodemographic data
were questioned in both groups while FMS group was also administered
Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) to determine disease severity.
In order to evaluate social cognition profiles of the participants,
Reading Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET), Empathy Quotient (EQ) and
Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised were applied by the same
researcher. Results: 41 women with FMS and 44 healthy women matched for
education and age were involved in the study. There was no significant
difference in sociodemographic parameters between FMS and control
groups. FMS patients did not differ significantly from control subjects
in means of RMET and EQ scores. Although no significant difference found
between attachment anxiety, FMS patients were found to have more
avoidant attachment style than control group. Conclusion: FMS patients
may have no social cognition impairments, especially in lack of any
psychiatric comorbidities. Moreover, these patients may suffer from
avoidant type of insecure attachment and this attachment style may
effect social support seeking behaviour of these patients.
Contributions of village animal health workers to foot-and-mouth disease control in Cambodia
Authors: Sieng Socheat , Patrick Ian , Windsor P.A. , Walkden-Brown Stephen , Kerr James , Sen Sovann , Sar C. , Smith Robert , Kong Reatrey
Published: May 2021

Local animal health services in rural communities are mainly provided by
village animal health workers (VAHW), although the participation and
contribution of VAWHs to disease prevention is uncertain. To address
this, a desktop review of national VAWH data between 2011 - 2020 also
conducted in December 2020, supporting a detailed survey on the
involvement of VAHWs in disease prevention programs conducted between
February to March 2014. The survey used guided group discussion with
VAHWs (n = 198) from the two Cambodian provinces of Kampong Cham and
Pursat. This study identified that VAHWs generated less than 22% of
their annual household incomes from animal health services. Less than
one-third had vaccinated livestock against FMD, with none having
vaccinated cattle every six months during the study period, and nearly
half of the VAHWs having never vaccinated their own cattle against FMD.
As no privately-provided FMD vaccination services occurred in these
communities, with all vaccines delivered through the
government-subsidised program, the findings confirmed that VAHWs only
vaccinated animals against FMD when vaccines were made available by the
Government. The desktop review found that the number of VAHWs in 2020
declined by more than 24% since 2017 and the proportion of female VAHWs
was consistently low, with a mean of 8.26 (± 1.019). These findings
confirm there are considerable weaknesses in the VAHW system in
Cambodia, particularly in contributing to FMD control. Cambodian animal
health authorities require more effective policies to strengthen the
current VAHW system, improving: their services delivery; their retention
as ‘active’; their development of more sustainable roles with lower
‘dropout’ rates; and the prolonged gender inequity. With the limited
availability of government-subsidised FMD vaccination currently,
extension programs that engage VAHWs and farmers in seeking privately
funded and delivered FMD vaccination that incorporates appropriate
multivalent FMD serotype vaccines of high quality, delivered in small
dose vials from a robust cold chain, is suggested. This strategy would
assist VAHWs to contribute to the provision of private livestock
vaccination services that are likely essential for sustainable FMD
prevention and control in Cambodia.
Constraint-based modeling and machine learning applications for analysis and optimization of fermentation parameters
Authors: Khaleghi Mohammad Karim , Savizi Iman Shahidi Pour , Lewis Nathan , Shojaosadati Seyed Abbas
Published: May 2021

Recent noteworthy advances in the development of high-performing
microbial and mammalian strains have enabled the sustainable production
of bio-economically valuable substances such as bio-compounds, biofuels,
and biopharmaceuticals. However, to obtain an industrially viable
mass-production scheme, much time and effort are required. The robust
and rational design of fermentation processes requires analysis and
optimization of different extracellular conditions and medium
components, which have a massive effect on growth and productivity. In
this regard, knowledge- and data-driven modeling methods have received
much attention. Constraint-based modeling (CBM) is a knowledge-driven
mathematical approach that has been widely used in fermentation analysis
and optimization due to its capabilities of predicting the cellular
phenotype from genotype through high-throughput means. On the other
hand, machine learning (ML) is a data-driven statistical method that
identifies the data patterns within sophisticated biological systems and
processes, where there is inadequate knowledge to represent underlying
mechanisms. Furthermore, ML models are becoming a viable complement to
constraint-based models in a reciprocal manner when one is used as a
pre-step of another. As a result, more predictable models are produced.
This review highlights the applications of CBM and ML independently and
the combination of these two approaches for analyzing and optimizing
fermentation parameters.
Renal allograft aspergilloma after renal transplantation treated with antifungal therapy with a favorable outcome: a case report.
Authors: ALSAEED MOHAMMED , Kalam Kiran , ALBADANI ABEER
Published: May 2021

Renal allograft aspergillus is a rare entity with a high mortality due
to life-threatening complications. We report a case of renal
aspergilloma causing obstructive uropathy after two months of
transplantation in a 64 -year- old patient who was managed successfully
with antifungal therapy without surgical intervention.
Signal to Noise Considerations in Single Pixel Multiphoton Microscopy
Authors: Wadduwage Dushan
Published: May 2021

Single-pixel imaging geometries for wide-field multiphoton microscopy (SPx-MPM) have emerged as a contender to conventional point-scanning multiphoton systems (PS-MPM) for deep tissue imaging. These systems are thought to be faster due to their multiplexed imaging capabilities with higher photon throughput. In this study we numerically compare the signal to noise metrics of the SPx-MPM to the PS-MPM systems. Our results suggest that PS-MPM systems outperform SPx-MPM systems, despite their higher photon throughput.
On the fringe. The painted ornament of the Holy Tinity chapel at Koutsovendēs, Cyprus
Authors: Parani Maria
Published: May 2021

The paper explores the painted ornament of the Holy Trinity chapel at the
monastery of Saint John Chrysostom Koutsovend?s in Cyprus, founded by
Eumathios Philokal?s (ca. 1100). When compared to that of other early
Komnenian monuments on the island, the painted ornament at Holy Trinity
stands out for its intricacy, diversity, and high-quality of execution,
while its sophistication is demonstrated to be in keeping with the ambitious
and erudite character of the painted ensemble as a whole. Not least, rather
than being on the fringe, the painted ornament appears to have been fully
integrated into the iconographic programme of the chapel, reiterating
through metaphor the patron?s hope for salvation.
Reliquary-chapel of saint Demetrios at the Davitgareji Desert
Authors: Bulia Marina
Published: May 2021

The paper addresses a recently discovered rock-hewn chapel in the Davitgareji
Desert, which has preserved late twelfth-early thirteenth century wall
paintings dominated by a cycle of St Demetrios. The cycle, which finds no
parallel in Georgia, is remarkable in many regards and raises important
questions as to the chronology and geographical spread of such cycles, the
provenance of unknown iconographical redactions, the history of the relics
of St Demetrios, the function of the chapel dedicated to the saint, and the
interaction between Georgian and Byzantine artistic and cultural traditions,
in general.
Reconstruction of the outer shapes of the Holy Archangels Church near Prizren - revisited
Authors: Bjelic Igor
Published: May 2021

Slobodan Nenadovic?s well-known monograph on the forms of the original
building of the Holy Archangels Monastery near Prizren has laid the ground
for ?ur knowledge of the main architectural characteristics of Tzar Stefan
Dusan?s funerary endowment. However, in his reconstruction of these forms,
Nenadovic was not certain enough about the shape of the main dome, the
pedestals of the small domes, the narthex, the pediments, and the portal, as
well as about the details inside the church itself. By analyzing certain
stone fragments, it is possible to reconsider certain dilemmas regarding the
building?s external architecture.
Iconographical details of Western origin in some scenes of the Crucifixion from the end of the sixteenth and the seventeenth centuries
Authors: Kolusheva Maria
Published: May 2021

The article discusses the presence of iconographical details of Western
origin in the scene of Christ?s Crucifixion in the post-Byzantine period. It
focuses on the role of works by painters from the Cretan and Epirote schools
in their distribution among the next generation of icon-painters. From here
a detailed examination of the compositions of the Crucifixion on three
monuments in the territory of modern-day North Macedonia, Montenegro and
Bosnia and Herzegovina, dated to the late sixteenth and early seventeenth
centuries, is carried out. The comparison with monuments from the same
period originating mainly in Greek territories leads to hypotheses regarding
the painters? provenance or the place of their education. A rare version of
the scene from the second half of the seventeenth century from the territory
of Bulgaria is also discussed.
Influence of rapid maxillary expansion on nocturnal enuresis in children:
Authors: de Medeiros Alves Arthur César , de Medeiros Padilha Hamanda , de Andrade Barbalho Amanda Lanna , Gonçalves Tomaz Amanda Felix , Gomes Pereira Hallissa Simplício , Rabelo Caldas Sergei Godeiro Fernandes
Published: May 2021

Objectives

To evaluate the influence of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) on nocturnal enuresis (NE) in children to discuss whether RME can be indicated as an alternative treatment for NE in those patients.

Materials and Methods

An electronic search was performed in the following databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar and LILACS. The literature review was blindly performed by two reviewers. References of each selected study were manually searched to identify articles that were not found by the electronic search. Kappa statistics were used to analyze interexaminer agreement after the selection of the articles. After reading the selected full-text articles, the studies that met the inclusion criteria were assessed qualitatively using the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) and the Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized controlled trials-2 (RoB 2). The certainty level of evidence was assessed through the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation tool. Kappa tests were used to analyze the interexaminer concordance level after the quality assessment of the studies.

Results

A total of 488 articles were found; however, after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, only 8 studies were selected for the systematic review. A low certainty level of evidence suggested that RME seems to promote a variable reduction in frequency or a remission of NE in children in both the short (4, 6, and 8 months) and long term (13, 36, 48, and 120 months).

Conclusions

Based on currently available information, RME seems to promote an improvement in NE in children. However, the low quality of the existing evidence weakens the recommendation.
Nuclear Factor-Y in Mouse Pancreatic β-Cells Plays a Crucial Role in Glucose Homeostasis by Regulating β-Cell Mass and Insulin Secretion
Authors: Liu Yin , He Siyuan , Zhou Ruixue , Zhang Xueping , Yang Shanshan , Deng Dan , Zhang Caixia , Yu Xiaoqian , Chen Yulong , Su Zhiguang
Published: May 2021

Pancreatic β-cell mass and insulin secretion are determined by the dynamic change of transcription factor expression levels in response to altered metabolic demand. Nuclear factor-Y (NF-Y) is an evolutionarily conserved transcription factor playing critical roles in multiple cellular processes. However, the physiological role of NF-Y in pancreatic β-cells is poorly understood. The current study was undertaken in a conditional knockout of Nf-ya specifically in pancreatic β-cells (Nf-ya βKO) to define the essential physiological role of NF-Y in β-cells. Nf-ya βKO mice exhibited glucose intolerance without changes in insulin sensitivity. Reduced β-cell proliferation resulting in decreased β-cell mass was observed in these mice, which was associated with disturbed actin cytoskeleton. NF-Y–deficient β-cells also exhibited impaired insulin secretion with a reduced Ca2+ influx in response to glucose, which was associated with an inefficient glucose uptake into β-cells due to a decreased expression of GLUT2 and a reduction in ATP production resulting from the disruption of mitochondrial integrity. This study is the first to show that NF-Y is critical for pancreatic islet homeostasis and function through regulation in β-cell proliferation, glucose uptake into β-cells, and mitochondrial energy metabolism. Modulating NF-Y expression in β-cells may therefore offer an attractive approach for therapeutic intervention.
Associations of Microvascular Complications With the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Gubitosi-Klug Rose , Gao Xiaoyu , Pop-Busui Rodica , de Boer Ian H. , White Neill , Aiello Lloyd P. , Miller Ryan , Palmer Jerry , Tamborlane William , Wallia Amisha , Kosiborod Mikhail , Lachin John M. , Bebu Ionut ,   the DCCT/EDIC Research Group
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE

We examined whether the presence of microvascular complications was associated with increased subsequent risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among participants with type 1 diabetes in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial and Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (DCCT/EDIC) study followed for >35 years.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Standardized longitudinal data collection included: 1) stereoscopic seven-field retinal fundus photography centrally graded for retinopathy stage and clinically significant macular edema; 2) urinary albumin excretion rate (AER) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR); 3) cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) reflex testing; and 4) adjudicated CVD events, including death from CVD, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, subclinical myocardial infarction on electrocardiogram, confirmed angina, or coronary artery revascularization. Cox proportional hazards models assessed the association of microvascular complications with subsequent risk of CVD.

RESULTS

A total of 239 participants developed CVD, including 120 participants who suffered major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) defined as nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or cardiovascular death. The presence of microvascular disease (diabetic retinopathy, kidney disease, or CAN) was associated with increased risk of subsequent CVD and MACE (hazard ratios 1.86 to 3.18 and 2.09 to 3.63, respectively), associations that remained significant after adjusting for age and HbA1c. After adjustment for traditional CVD risk factors, however, only sustained AER ≥30 mg/24 h occurring alone and/or with eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and the presence of both retinal and kidney disease remained associated with CVD.

CONCLUSIONS

Advanced microvascular disease, especially moderate to severe albuminuria or eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2, conveyed an increased risk of subsequent cardiovascular disease in the DCCT/EDIC cohort.
Lack of Brain Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 Causes Growth Retardation, with Decreased Expression of Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone in the Hypothalamus
Authors: Hayashi Takanori , Kubota Tetsuya , Mariko Inoue , Takamoto Iseki , Aihara Masakazu , Sakurai Yoshitaka , Wada Nobuhiro , Miki Takashi , Yamauchi Toshimasa , Kubota Naoto , Kadowaki Takashi
Published: May 2021

Insulin
receptor substrate-1 (Irs1) is one of the major substrates for insulin receptor
and Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) receptor tyrosine kinases. Systemic Irs1-deficient
mice show growth retardation, with resistance to insulin and IGF-1, although the
underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. For this study, we generated
mice with brain-specific deletion of Irs1 (NIrs1KO mice). The NIrs1KO mice
exhibited lower body weights, shorter bodies and bone lengths, and decreased
bone density. Moreover, the NIrs1KO mice exhibited increased insulin
sensitivity and glucose utilization in the skeletal muscle. Although the ability
of the pituitary to secrete growth hormone (GH) remained intact, the amount of
hypothalamic growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) was significantly
decreased and accordingly, the pituitary GH mRNA expression levels were
impaired in these mice. Plasma GH and IGF-1 levels were also lower in the
NIrs1KO mice. The expression levels of GHRH protein in the median eminence,
where Irs1
antibody staining is observed, were markedly decreased in the NIrs1KO mice. In
vitro, neurite elongation after IGF-1 stimulation was significantly impaired by
Irs1 downregulation in the cultured N-38 hypothalamic neurons. In conclusion,
brain Irs1 plays important roles in the regulation of neurite outgrowth of GHRH
neurons, somatic growth, and glucose homeostasis.
Luxação do Ombro: Avaliação e Tratamento
Authors:   Clínica do Dragão, Espregueira-Mendes Sports Centre – FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Porto., Nunes Jóni , Sarmento André , Valente Cristina , Andrade Renato , Espregueira-Mendes João ,   Clínica do Dragão, Espregueira-Mendes Sports Centre – FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Porto.
Published: May 2021

Anterior shoulder dislocation, as the most common dislocation in humans, is a condition affecting both professional and recreational athletes, particularly in overhead and contact sports. Despite its high incidence, several questions remain within the scientific debate, with many questions still to be clarified, such as: which type and duration of immobilization; what is the best treatment for each type of athlete; what is the best option for the athlete who suffers the first episode of shoulder dislocation during the sports season; which are the return to sports criteria. This article intends to expose the current state of the art on this theme.
Opinião: A Morte súbita no Desporto e Exame Dédico-desportivo
Authors:   Cardiologia, Porto, Costa Ovídio , Marques José Pedro ,   Unidade de Saúde e Performance - FPF, Lisboa
Published: May 2021

... Temos, urgentemente, que mudar mentalidades. Neste sentido irei apenas abordar dois conceitos fundamentais: 1. a falibilidade das estratégias de avaliação médico-desportiva; 2. a eficácia das manobras de reanimação em casos de paragem cardíaca súbita... Mesmo que por hipótese as estratégias de identificação de portadores assintomáticos de AnCV-ar fossem infalíveis, a possibilidade rara da ocorrência de PCS por fibrilação ventricular em casos de traumatismo da área precordial, a chamada commotio cordis, obrigar-nos-ia a refletir sobre a obrigatoriedade de planear as medidas de suporte básico de vida e o uso do desfibrilador automático externo (DAE) nos recintos e espaços desportivos... Organize ou ajude a implementar a estratégia de avaliação médico-desportiva e os programas de DAE em clubes e outros espaços desportivos. É consensual que a avaliação pré- -participação adequada e realizada por clínicos com a necessária diferenciação permite identificar patologias que estão associadas a risco aumentado de morte súbita (MS).1 A sua identificação atempada permitirá depois a adoção das medidas necessárias com vista a mitigar o risco de MS no praticante... Uma resposta pronta e eficaz após uma PCR durante o exercício pode salvar muitas vidas – na literatura as taxas de sobrevivência rondam os 30 a 45%... Seria interessante ver algumas sociedades científicas (ex: Sociedades Portuguesa de Medicina Desportiva e de Cardiologia) e institutos públicos (ex.: INEM, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal) unirem esforços para criar um registo nacional de MS no desporto...