bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validation of the Adapted Picture Version of the Pyramids and Palm Trees Test for Thais with Dementia
Authors: Singwicha Duangkamol , Rattanabannakit Chatchawan , Hunnangkul Saowalak , Raksthaput Atthapon , Chaichanettee Sunisa , Wongkom Natthamon , Dujada Pathitta , Senanarong Vorapun
Published: December 2024

Objective: We aimed to validate Pyramids and Palm Trees test (PPT) in dementia cohort and explore reliability measurement of this test.
Materials and Methods: The study was designed as a cross-sectional study. A total of 30 subjects were recruited from the Memory Clinic at Siriraj Hospital, Thailand: 15 non-dementia adults and 15 dementia patients (mild to moderate stage). In content validation, the picture version of the PPT was given to experts to evaluate the content of the test. According to consensus, some pictures with cultural issues were adapted to be more culturally appropriate. For concurrent validation, the PPT was compared against standard tests (Thai Mental Status Examination (TMSE), Boston Naming Test (BNT), Animal Fluency Test) using Spearman correlation and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis. The internal reliability of the PPT was assessed using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach’s Alpha.
Results: Among the 52 pictures in the PPT, 25 pictures were changed. The median score of the PPT was 49 for non-dementia group and 43 for dementia group. The PPT was significantly correlated with the Animal Fluency Test, the BNT, and the TMSE. ROC analysis revealed an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.8. ICC was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.78 to 0.92), and internal consistency was 0.87, indicating good to satisfactory reliability.
Conclusions: The PPT demonstrated good concurrent validity compared to the TMSE, BNT, and Animal Fluency Test in dementia patients. Based on this study, it is recommended as a test for semantic memory in Thai individuals with dementia.
Predictors of Significant Fibrosis Among People Living with HIV with Metabolic Dysfunction- Associated Steatotic Liver Disease
Authors: Prasoppokakorn Thaninee , Limpijankit Varisa , Seesodsai Siravich , Panarat Palakorn , Shanthachol Teerarat , Sonsiri Kanokwan , Ananchuensook Prooksa , Thanapirom Kessarin , Suankratay Chusana , Treeprasertsuk Sombat
Published: December 2024

Objective: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is highly prevalent among people living with HIV (PLWH) due to comorbidities and factors related to HIV infection. This study aimed to identify clinical predictors of significant fibrosis among PLWH with MASLD.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted with PLWH having CD4 counts ≥200, enrolled between April and October 2023 at two tertiary hospitals. The primary outcome was identifying the clinical predictors of significant fibrosis (F≥2) defined by TE≥8 kPa. Secondary outcomes included MASLD prevalenceand characteristics.
Results: Among 96 PLWH, 52 (54.2%) had MASLD. The mean age was 49.7±8.0 years, 63.5% were male, and the mean BMI was 25.8±4.1 kg/m². Obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidemia were present in 17.3%, 19.2%, and 46.2% of participants, respectively. The mean CAP and TE were 285±36 dB/m and 8.7±7.8 kPa, respectively. Significantfibrosis was present in 24 patients (46.2%). Fibrosis scoring systems (FIB-4, APRI, NFS) demonstrated good accuracy (AUROCs: 0.84, 0.85, 0.76, respectively). Multivariate analysis identified predictors of significant fibrosis: higher BMI (aOR 1.24, p=0.042), dyslipidemia (aOR 3.96, p=0.038), and higher AST (aOR 1.19, p=0.011). The AGA pathway using two steps (FIB-4 and TE) improved reclassification of significant fibrosis risk, reducing the number of individuals at indeterminate risk, 12 out of 52 in the first step to 7 out of 52 in the second step.
Conclusion: MASLD is highly prevalent in PLWH, with about half experiencing significant fibrosis. Predictors of significant fibrosis include dyslipidemia, higher BMI, and elevated AST levels. Fibrosis scoring systems accurately predict significant fibrosis.
Impacto de la inteligencia artificial en salud publica
Authors: López Ullauri Verónica Gabriela , Pino Falconí Paul Roberto , Zambrano Nuñez Telmo Marcelo , Romero Machado Efraín Rodrigo
Published: December 2024

Introducción: La inteligencia artificial (IA) ha evidenciado su capacidad para moldear una multitud de transformaciones, y el campo educativo no es una excepción. En la contemporánea era digital, la Inteligencia Artificial ha surgido como un instrumento potente que está transformando radicalmente los métodos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Objetivo: Identificar las diferentes inteligencias artificiales que se utilizan en la educación e investigación Metodología: La revisión sistemática y bibliométrica se realiza con el propósito de responder preguntas específicas mediante métodos de búsqueda que sean transparentes, sistemáticos y susceptibles de ser reproducidos. El objetivo principal es reconocer de forma precisa las fuentes de información con el propósito de reducir cualquier tipo de sesgo en el procedimiento de selección Resultados: Las inteligencias artificiales actuales abarcan una amplia variedad de enfoques y aplicaciones, cada una diseñada para resolver problemas específicos. Entre las más destacadas se encuentran las IA generativas, como los modelos de lenguaje (por ejemplo, ChatGPT), que pueden crear texto, imágenes, música y código a partir de datos. También están las IA especializadas, como las de reconocimiento facial, procesamiento de voz y análisis de datos, que se utilizan en sectores como la salud, la seguridad y el comercio. Conclusión: En el estudio de las aplicaciones de la inteligencia artificial en distintos campos de la medicina, tanto clínica como quirúrgica, se ha identificado una tendencia hacia la mejora de la calidad de vida de los pacientes, la anticipación en el tratamiento de enfermedades y la automatización de procedimientos. Con el fin de obtener respuestas más rápidas para la toma de decisiones que impacten en la salud.
Penyuluhan Perlindungan Hak Reproduksi Perempuan Bagi Ibu Ibu Kelompok Tani Desa Cipadang Gedong Tataan
Authors: Putri Yunita Maya , Putri Ria Wierma , Kasmawati Kasmawati , Oktaviana Selvia , Susanti Emilia
Published: December 2024

Reproductive rights are the basic rights of every individual or couple to be able to freely and responsibly decide the number, spacing of births, and time to have children, so as to obtain good quality in reproductive health. Protection of reproductive rights for women is important to prepare new humans as superior future generations. Protection of women's reproduction is needed to guarantee legal protection in their growth and development and human rights that are recognized while in the womb. This service aims to provide counseling and interactive discussions to mothers of the Cipadang Gedong Tataan Village farmer group regarding the protection of women's reproductive rights so that these rights are not misused. Increase knowledge, understanding and legal awareness of the community, especially to mothers of the Cipadang Gedong Tataan Village farmer group regarding the protection of women's reproductive rights. This service provides important insights for mothers of the Cipadang Gedong Tataan Village farmer group regarding the protection of women's reproductive rights. The implication of this service is that universities and non-governmental organizations must encourage and support this service activity so that the community understands the protection of women's reproductive rights.
Optimalisasi Algoritma Naive Bayes Dengan Teknik Ensemble Dalam Analisis Sentimen Twitter Pantai Kartini Jepara
Authors: Anwar Muhammad Arqom , Mulyo Harminto , Tamrin Teguh
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini memanfaatkan Twitter untuk menganalisis opini publik tentang Pantai Kartini Jepara, dengan fokus pada optimisasi algoritma Naive Bayes dalam analisis sentimen. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi bahwa akurasi Naive Bayes terbatas dalam menangani data besar dan kompleks. Tujuan utamanya adalah meningkatkan akurasi dan efisiensi analisis sentimen melalui optimisasi parameter dan teknik ensemble. Metode penelitian melibatkan pengumpulan data Twitter dari 2010–2023, preprocessing data, pelatihan model Naive Bayes, SVM, dan ensemble, serta evaluasi performa menggunakan akurasi, presisi, recall, dan F1-score. Model ensemble yang menggabungkan Naive Bayes dan SVM mencapai akurasi tertinggi sebesar 88,81%, meningkat dari 83,91% pada Naive Bayes dasar dan 86,01% pada SVM, menunjukkan perbaikan signifikan dalam analisis sentimen. Kombinasi algoritma Naive Bayes dengan teknik optimasi dan ensemble meningkatkan akurasi analisis sentimen. Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan untuk mengeksplorasi penerapan model ini pada data yang lebih besar atau platform media sosial lain.
Penerapan Sop Lost And Found Pada Departement Houskeeping
Authors: Adriansyah Yuda , Farrah Farrah , Hidayat Arif
Published: December 2024

Dalam hospitality industry seperti hotel kenyamanan dan keamanan merupakan salah satu hal yang paling dicari oleh para wisatawan. Beberapa faktor menjadi pertimbangan para wisatawan dalam memilih hotel yang ingin mereka singgahi saat berlibur salah satunya dari fasilitas yang disediakan. Banyak fasilitas yang disediakan oleh hotel dan bervariasi tergantung dengan bintang atau rating dari hotel tersebut. Salah satu fasilitas yang disediakan oleh hotel adalah lost and found barang tamu. Lost and found dikelola oleh departemen housekeeping dengan mengikuti beberapa standart operational procedure (SOP) yang dimiliki oleh hotel. Pada penelitian ini penulis menganalisis penerapan standart operational procedure (SOP) penanganan lost and found di hotel Santika Premiere Slipi sudah terlaksana dengan baik dan sudah sesuai. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif dimana penulis meringkas data yang diperoleh melalui wawancara yang dilakukan kepada Excecutive Housekeeper, Supervisor, Order Taker, dan Room attendant hotel Santika Premiere Slipi.  Pada penelitian ini ddiketahui bahwa penerapan standart operational procedure (SOP) sudah sesuai dan terlaksana dengan baik.
The Role of Business Information Systems in Strategic Decision-Making: Implications for Innovation and Market Adaptation
Authors: Mustafa Fahrina , Almaududi Ausat Abu Muna , Kraugusteeliana Kraugusteeliana
Published: December 2024

Business information systems have evolved into a crucial pillar of strategic decision-making across various organizations. With the accelerating changes in the business environment driven by technological advancements and globalization, information systems play a key role in providing the data and analysis necessary to support more precise and accurate decision-making. This research utilizes a literature review with a qualitative approach, drawing data from relevant literature sources. The primary data sources include scholarly articles accessed via Google Scholar, published between 2013 and 2024. The study reveals that business information systems are vital in supporting strategic decision-making, innovation, and market adaptation. The use of systems such as ERP, CRM, and BI provides access to real-time data essential for formulating more effective business strategies, improving operational efficiency, and responding swiftly to market changes. Case studies from various companies, including Tokopedia, GoTo, and Astra International, demonstrate that optimal use of business information systems not only aids in identifying new business opportunities but also enhances the capability to innovate and adapt to evolving market dynamics.
Digital Marketing Innovation and the Role of Information Systems in Enhancing MSME Market Expansion
Authors: Ohara Muammar Revnu , Suherlan Suherlan , Astutik Wahyuni Sri
Published: December 2024

Digital marketing has become one of the essential elements in supporting the growth and sustainability of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in the modern era. Along with the development of information technology, digital marketing offers opportunities for MSMEs to expand their markets and increase product visibility to a broader range of consumers. In this context, innovation in digital marketing becomes a key factor driving MSMEs' success in achieving sustainable growth. This study aims to further review how digital marketing innovation and the use of information systems can support MSME market expansion. This research employs a literature review approach focusing on qualitative methods. It does not involve primary data collection but instead relies on relevant and up-to-date sources from various scholarly articles. The data used in this study is sourced from Google Scholar with a publication range from 2013-2024. The study concludes that digital marketing innovation and the use of information systems play a crucial role in expanding MSME markets. Digital marketing innovation allows MSMEs to reach consumers more broadly and efficiently, utilizing digital platforms such as social media, e-commerce, and websites. Meanwhile, information systems help improve operational efficiency, data management, and more accurate decision-making based on data analysis. Case studies of Batik Trusmi, Maicih, and Sociolla show that MSMEs adopting these innovations can expand their market share, increase customer loyalty, and compete more effectively in both domestic and international markets.
Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of some intensive care methods in pregnant women with severe and extremely severe forms of coronavirus infection
Authors:   Kirov Military Medical Academy of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia, Nikulin A.A. , Lakhin R. E. ,   Kirov Military Medical Academy of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia, Shchegolev A. V. ,   Kirov Military Medical Academy of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russ
Published: December 2024

Objective: to analyze the effectiveness of intensive care methods for severe forms of coronavirus infection in pregnant women.
Material and methods: a cohort single-center prospective-retrospective study was conducted, including 83 completed clinical cases of the retrospective part and 54 patients of the prospective part. All patients were divided into 3 risk groups for an unfavorable outcome (low, medium and high), based on the value of the prognostic index. The group of patients with medium and high risk was divided into subgroups depending on the intensive care provided. The effectiveness of treatment in the study groups was assessed

based on mortality rates, the duration of treatment of patients in the intensive care unit and intensive care unit, as well as the frequency of transferring the patient to artificial ventilation.
Results. In the medium-risk group, the use of surfactant (group 2A) and the combined use of surfactant and a single administration of tocilizumab (group 2B) in addition to basic therapy turned out to be more effective than basic treatment alone (group 2B). At the same time, no statistical differences in the effectiveness of these two approaches were found. In the high-risk group, a comprehensive approach (group 3B), including extracorporeal treatment methods and multicomponent anti-inflammatory therapy, turned out to be more effective than anti-inflammatory therapy alone: tocilizumab twice (group 3A) and tocilizumab in combination with pulse therapy with methylprednisolone.
Conclusion. Dividing patients into prognostic groups and conducting early complex therapy helps to reduce maternal mortality, the duration of treatment in the intensive care unit, and prevent excessive therapeutic aggression.
Clinical demonstration of the features of anesthetic management of total extraperitoneal inguinal hernioplasty
Authors:   G. R. Derzhavin Tambov State University, Institute of Medicine and Health Preservation, Tambov, Russia, Yamshchikov O. N. , Zakurnaeva E. I. ,   G. R. Derzhavin Tambov State University, Institute of Medicine and Health Preservation, Tambov, R, Marchenko A. P. ,   G. R. Derzhavin Tambov State University, Institute of Medicine and Health Preservation, Tambov, Russia, Marchenko N. A. ,   G. R. Derzhavin Tambov State University, Institute of Medicine and Health Preservation, Tambov, Russia, Zakrevsky A. I. ,   I. S. Dolgushin City Clinical Hospital No. 3, Tambov, Russia
Published: December 2024

Due to the prevalence of inguinal hernias, especially in males of working age, early rehabilitation of patients after surgical treatment of hernias is an urgent problem. Currently, anesthetic management, taking into account the technical features of minimally invasive videoendoscopic surgical interventions for abdominal hernias, should be gentle, controllable, safe and provide surgeons with maximum comfort, as well as create conditions for early rehabilitation of patients. General multicomponent low-flow inhalation anesthesia with bispectral monitoring of anesthesia and monitoring of neuromuscular block fully meets all these requirements.
Clinical demonstration. The article provides a clinical demonstration of anesthetic management of total extraperitoneal inguinal hernioplasty (TEPIH) with a mesh endoprosthesis, in foreign literature - Totally Extraperitoneal (TEP), using videoendoscopic technologies in a 62-year-old patient with an inguinal hernia, a modern approach to pain relief, pain control and perioperative management is presented, the advantages of general multicomponent low-flow inhalation anesthesia using bispectral monitoring of the depth of anesthesia and monitoring of neuromuscular block are shown. All this together has allowed us to achieve optimal results of surgical treatment of the patient, early recovery and reduction of the duration of inpatient treatment.
Conclusion. The clinical case presented in the article has shown that anesthetic support of the TEP operation with a mesh endoprosthesis with monitoring of the depth of anesthesia and neuromuscular conduction was gentle, controllable, which ensured a favorable course of the operation and the immediate postoperative period, and also contributed to the early rehabilitation of the patient.
Dynamics of obesity incidence in children aged 15–17 in the Volga Federal District
Authors:   Izhevsk State Medical Academy of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Izhevsk, Russia, Bezdetko G. I. , Stupak V. S. ,   Central Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatization of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Bogdanova T. G. ,   Central Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatization of the Ministry of Health of the
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of the analysis of the indicators of general and primary obesity in children aged 15–17 in the Volga Federal District for the period from 2014 to 2022. There are trends towards an increase in the indicators of general and newly diagnosed (primary) obesity in children aged 15–17 by 7.9 % and 16.9 %, respectively. According to data for 2022, in the Volga Federal District, the overall incidence of obesity is 14.9 % higher than in the Russian Federation and 4.3 % lower than the primary incidence of obesity. The forecast of the overall and newly diagnosed (primary) incidence of obesity for 2027 compared to 2022 in the Volga Federal District is characterized by a growth trend of 3.3 % and 6.8 %, respectively.
The Impact of Perinatal History of Juvenile Offenders on the Formation of Their Personality
Authors:   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Khabarovsk, Russia, Yakhieva-Onikhimovskaya D. A. , Kolesnikova S.M. ,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Khabarovsk, Russia, Chizhova G.V. ,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Khabarovsk, Russia, Khramtsova O. V. ,   I. B. Galant Regional Clinical Psychiatric Hospital, Department of Outpatient Forensic Psychiatric Examinations, Khabarovsk, Russia
Published: December 2024

Relevance of the problem. Adverse perinatal events resulting from a complex combination of social, physiological and environmental factors may be associated with an increased risk of developing criminogenic behavior in minors.
The purpose of this study was to expand knowledge about biological risk factors, including adverse perinatal events, for the formation of a psychophysiological portrait of a juvenile offender.
Material and methods of the study. A retrospective cohort non-randomized continuous study of the anamnesis of mothers (148 people) whose children were convicted of illegal actions was conducted.Results and discussion. The following were revealed: immature attitude of mothers to contraception (high difference in parity, repeated termination of pregnancy for social reasons; inattentive attitude to pregnancy (late registration or failure to attend antenatal clinics), insufficient overall weight gain during pregnancy, hypotension of pregnant women, late gestosis of pregnant women, home births; social diseases during pregnancy (socially significant diseases, sexually transmitted infections, maternal hypotrophy); unfavorable psychosocial background of pregnancy (inadequate behavior during childbirth, abandonment of the child, registration with the PND, registration of the family with social services, lack of education of the mother). Children with such a perinatal history develop a special personality type characteristic of organic pathopsychological syndrome.
Conclusion. The results convincingly indicate an increased risk of personality disorder among children born to mothers with unfavorable obstetric-gynecological, somatic and social history. It is necessary to take into account the anatomical and physiological predicates of criminogenic behavior, since they can help in creating a preventive medical and social youth policy and avoid high levels of morbidity, mortality and social stigmatization among juvenile offenders.
Intraoperative and early postoperative complications in the treatment of patients with Dupuytren's contracture. Literature review
Authors:   Professor O. V. Vladimirtsev Regional Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Dmitriev S.V. , Berezutskiy S. N. ,   O. V. Vladimirtsev Regional Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Health of Khabarovsk Krai, Khabarovsk, Russia, Volovik V.E. ,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Khabarovsk, Russia
Published: December 2024

Introduction. There are many methods of surgical treatment of Dupuytren's contracture with proven effectiveness: enzyme aponeurotomy, needle aponeurotomy, open subtotal aponeurectomy, etc. However, all of them are not without complications associated with the peculiarities of the surgical technique for performing the above-mentioned interventions. In this regard, the process of justifying the choice of a particular surgical tactic in each specific case should take into account the existing risks.

Objective. The purpose of the study is to analyze the literature on complications in the surgical treatment of patients with Dupuytren's contracture.
Materials and methods. A literature search was conducted in the PubMed, MedLine and eLibrary databases mainly for the period from 2013 to 2022. For completeness of the information, earlier primary sources were also used.
Results and discussion. In most cases, the following types of complications were identified: relapse, complete or partial damage to the digital nerves, damage to the digital arteries, damage to the flexor tendons of the fingers, prolonged wound healing, necrosis of skin flaps, postoperative hematoma, infectious complications, ischemic disorders of the distal parts of the hand and fingers.
Conclusions. The least studied complication according to the analysis of the literature available to us is acute dynamic ischemia of the distal parts of the hand, which occurs with a single-stage intraoperative extension of the fingers of the hand, which have been in a position of flexion contracture for a long time.
Detection of the Diadema antillarum scuticociliatosis Philaster clade on sympatric metazoa, plankton, and abiotic surfaces and assessment for its potential reemergence
Authors: Vilanova-Cuevas B , Philipp KH , Altera AK , Apprill A , Becker CC , Behringer DC , Brandt ME , Breitbart M , Budd KA , DeRito CM , Duermit-Moreau E , Evans JS , Hopson-Fernandes M , Fleischer JA , Gittens S , Henson MW , Hylkema A , Kellogg CA , Maritan AJ , Meyer JL , Pratte ZA , Ritchie IT , Sevier MLB , Souza M , Stewart FJ , Van Der Wal S , VonHoene S , Hewson I
Published: December 2024

A ciliate belonging to the Diadema antillarum scuticociliatosis (DaSc)-associated Philaster clade (DaScPc) caused catastrophic long-spined urchin mass mortality in spring and summer of 2022. The ciliate can be grown in culture in both the presence and absence of D. antillarum tissues, suggesting that it may persist outside its host by consuming microorganisms or dissolved organic nutrients. We hypothesized that DaScPc was present outside its host during and after mass mortality and absent prior to 2022. We examined DaScPc in DNA extracted from 500 swabs of sympatric metazoa and abiotic surfaces, and plankton samples, collected at 35 sites in the Caribbean in 2022 and 2023. DaScPc was detected on corals, turf algae, and a sponge, predominantly at sites with active or prior DaSc. We examined whether it was present prior to 2022 by surveying extracted DNA from Caribbean corals and water collected near corals by PCR and by mining publicly available transcriptomes and metagenomes for DaScPc rRNAs. These efforts yielded no DaScPc genes. We further hypothesized that DaScPc may recruit to the specific corals detected in field surveys, and that these may then infect naïve hosts. A mesocosm experiment to test DaScPc recruitment suggested that, while it recruited to corals, it did so inconsistently between coral species. Incubation of corals that recruited DaScPc with naïve urchins yielded inconclusive results since urchins died without characteristic DaSc signs. Overall, our results suggest that DaScPc may occur outside its urchin host, and that it may have been absent in the region prior to 2022.
Gambaran Kejadian Anemia pada Remaja Putri di Kabupaten Indramayu
Authors: Nurjanah Suci , Dewi Berlian Kusuma
Published: December 2024

Anemia is a significant global health issue, particularly among adolescent girls who are in a phase of rapid growth and undergoing physiological changes such as menstruation. Adolescence is a critical period in an individual's life, during which the need for iron increases to support growth, cognitive development, and red blood cell production. The prevalence of anemia among adolescent girls is a major concern as it can impact on long-term health, academic performance, and quality of life. Therefore, the description of anemia incidence in adolescent girls is crucial to inform effective intervention strategies and prevent further complications. Objective: To determine the incidence of anemia among adolescent girls. Method: This research is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 87 adolescent girls who met the inclusion criteria participated in the study. Results: 21.8% of the adolescent girls were experienced anemia. Conclusion: Anemia cases among adolescent girls are still found in Indramayu Regency
Pengaruh Positive Self-talk: Intervensi Melalui Audio-Visual Terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Remaja
Authors: Putri Widya Kurnia , Guna Stephanie Dwi , Rustam Musfardi
Published: December 2024

Masa remaja merupakan fase dimana perubahan masa kanak-kanak menuju dewasa. Salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan kecemasan pada remaja adalah kecemasan yang dipicu oleh ketidakyakinan akan kemampuan diri untuk mengatasi tugas-tugas akademik. Positive self-talk adalah intervensi dengan cara berdialog dengan diri sendiri menggunakan kalimat positif yang efektif untuk menurunkan kecemasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Positive Self-talk: Intervensi Melalui Audio-Visual terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan pada remaja di MAN 1 Pekanbaru. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode quasy experiment diambil dengan menggunakan purposive sampling dengan desain pretest-posttest with control group. Positive self-talk diberikan melalui audiovisual.  Sampel penelitian berjumlah 32 orang yang terbagi menjadi 16 orang kelompok eksperimen dan 16 orang kelompok kontrol. Alat ukur penelitian yang digunakan adalah HARS untuk mengukur tingkat kecemasan. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis univariat dan bivariat dengan menggunakan Uji Dependent T Test dan Uji Independent Sample T Test. Rata-rata tingkat kecemasan remaja setelah diberikan intervensi adalah 17,38 dan pada kelompok kontrol yang tidak diberikan intervensi adalah 21,94. Hasil Uji Independent T Test diperoleh nilai P (0,004) dan hasil Dependent T test p (0,000). Positive Self-talk efektif menurunkan tingkat kecemasan pada remaja yang mengalami kecemasan akademik.
FIXED POINT THEOREMS IN SOME FUZZY METRIC SPACES VIA INTERPOLATIVE CONTRACTIONS
Authors: Şenocak Meryem
Published: December 2024

In this article, an interpolative contraction existing in the literature is adapted to different fuzzy metric spaces. Using this contraction, a fixed point theorem in two fuzzy metric spaces is proven and an example is presented. Thus, a more general form of some concepts and theorems existing in the literature has been obtained.
Navigating industry 4.0 and 5.0: the role of hybrid modelling in (bio)chemical engineering’s digital transition
Authors: Gargalo Carina L. , Malanca Alina A. , Aouichaoui Adem R. N. , Huusom Jakob K. , Gernaey Krist V.
Published: December 2024

This work investigates the potential of hybrid modelling in the digitalization of the chemical and biochemical industries. Hybrid modelling combines first-principles with data-driven models and is a vital enabler for the knowledge-informed transition to Industry 4.0 and, ultimately, 5.0. By integrating data with mechanistic know-how, hybrid modelling facilitates the implementation of “smart manufacturing”. Although there have been many innovations in the field of machine learning, AI, and cloud computing, the industry is still some distance away from becoming truly digital; this is particularly true in the case of the biochemical industry, which in many ways still is in the industry 3.0 stages. This gap hinders the full realization and benefits of the digital transition, such as easier process optimization, better cost-efficiency balance, and overall improved competitiveness and sustainability. This research delves into documented examples of hybrid modeling in chemical and biochemical engineering research and industries. It aims to illustrate current motivations, implementation challenges, and practical issues that hybrid modeling can address. The goal is to derive the path towards fully implementing hybrid modeling as an effective tool and key enabler for creating true digital twins and successful digitalization.
Ideal hourglass nodal loop state in the monolayer lithium hydrosulfide
Authors: Fang Fang , Yu Yanwei , Zhang Li , Li Yang
Published: December 2024

In recent years, the exploration of topological states within two-dimensional materials has emerged as a compelling focus, complementing their three-dimensional counterparts. Through theoretical calculations, we unveil the exceptional topological state in the monolayer lithium hydrosulfide, where an ideal hourglass nodal loop is identified. Notably, this nodal loop is characterized by only four bands, representing the simplest configuration for realizing hourglass dispersion. We provide detailed symmetry arguments alongside model calculations to elucidate the formation mechanism of the nodal loop and its corresponding hourglass dispersion. Moreover, the associated edge states are not only well-separated from the bulk band projection but also persist consistently throughout the Brillouin zone. Due to the lightweight constitutive elements of this material, both the hourglass dispersion and the edge states remain robust even in the presence of spin-orbit coupling. To enhance its practical applicability, we have evaluated various mechanical parameters, analyzing their anisotropic behaviors. Furthermore, we examined the material’s response to strain conditions under both compressive and tensile stress, uncovering distinct variations in energy, size, and the hourglass dispersion of the nodal loop. Overall, the hourglass nodal loop state explored in this study, along with the proposed material candidate, provides a strong foundation for future experimental investigations. This research potentially paves the way for significant advancements within this emerging field.
Cytotoxic activity of phenolic compounds in Bairui Granules obtained from the Chinese medicinal plant Thesium chinense
Authors: Zhang Shaobin , Chen Hong , Hua Juan , Luo Shihong
Published: December 2024

The Chinese medicinal plant Thesium chinense Turcz. is the only plant used in the manufacture of Bairui Granules. However, to date, there has been very little research into the cytotoxic activity of active substances derived from Bairui Granules. Using chemical separation and spectroscopic methods, phenolic compounds 1–5 were identified as methyl-p-hydroxycinnamate, vanillin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside, and astragalin, respectively. UPLC-MS/MS analyses revealed that compounds 1–5 were present at concentrations of 0.006 ± 0.002, 1.63 ± 0.87, 3.65 ± 0.83, 26.97 ± 11.41, and 27.67 ± 2.91 μg/g, respectively in Bairui Granules. Compounds 1, 2, and 4 were detected here for the first time in Bairui Granules. Using co-culture experiments, isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside (4) was found to be beneficial to the proliferation Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells (6.46% ± 0.86% to 38.45% ± 9.04%), natural killer cells from human umbilical cord blood (UCB NK cells) (25.68% ± 0.02% to 70.81% ± 0.26%), and mesenchymal stem cells from human umbilical cord blood (UCB MSC cells) (1.66% ± 0.05% to 27.64% ± 0.51%) when the concentration was similar to that found in Bairui granules. Moreover, vanillin (2) was conducive to UCB NK cells proliferation (28.21% ± 0.44%) at a concentration of 64 μg/mL, while maintaining cell viability. UCB NK cell proliferation was promoted at rates of 41.03% ± 0.48% to 67.22% ± 0.68% when astragalin (5) was present at low concentrations (8 and 16 μg/mL). Methyl-p-hydroxycinnamate (1) and vanillin (2) at different concentrations both had an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of natural killer cells from human peripheral blood (PB NK cells), but the inhibitory concentration ranges of these compounds were not equivalent to the concentration ranges of the compounds in Bairui Granules. These results provide a foundation for the safe use of T. chinense preparations.
Two mixed-valent cerium oxo clusters: synthesis, structure, and self-assembly
Authors: Gao Yuan , Zhang Yang , Han Zhe , Wang Chunhui , Zhang Lei , Qiu Jie
Published: December 2024

Studies on cerium oxo clusters (CeOCs) are not only significant for understanding the redox and hydrolysis behaviors of Ce(III/IV) ions but also crucial for the rational synthesis of novel clusters and nanoceria with specific Ce(III)/Ce(IV) ratios. Here, two sets of reactions were conducted using cerium nitrate and H2O2-oxidized cerium nitrate, resulting in the formation of two distinct mixed-valent CeOCs [CeIII4CeIV10O14(OH)2(PhCO2)22(DMF)6] (Ce14) and [CeIII2CeIV22O28(OH)8(PhCO2)30(DMF)4] (Ce24C). These two clusters exhibit different structures and Ce(III)/Ce(IV) ratios, demonstrating the critical role of cerium oxidation states and the occurrence of redox reactions in cluster formation. Ce14 is the first tetradecanuclear CeOC with a novel structure, whereas Ce24C differed in its Ce(III)/Ce(IV) ratio, protonation levels of O atoms, and ligands from previously reported 24-nuclear CeOCs. Furthermore, various techniques were employed to investigate the formation process of these two clusters. X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) revealed that the white precipitates formed during the preparation of Ce14 contain Ce(III) ions, while the reddish-brown precipitates formed during the preparation of Ce24C contain a mixture of Ce(III) and Ce(IV) ions. These two precipitations were individually dissolved in N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF). The evolution of solution color and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectra over time revealed the gradual oxidation of partial Ce(III) ions by oxygen in the solution of the white precipitation. As Ce(IV) ions increased in this solution, time-resolved small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) data demonstrated the self-assembly of the Ce14 clusters after 4 days. In contrast, SAXS data and UV-Vis spectra revealed the rapid assembly of Ce24C clusters within 2 h due to the initial coexistence of Ce(IV) and Ce(III) ions in the DMF solution of the reddish-brown precipitation. The continued reduction of partial Ce(IV) ions in this solution does not affect Ce24C clusters’ formation and stability. Our studies expand the family of CeOCs and enhance our understanding of the effects of cerium’s oxidation states on cluster formation.
Uncommon presentation of left main congenital coronary aneurysm: a rare case report
Authors: Xu Peng , Zhong Shili , Tan Hui
Published: December 2024

Coronary aneurysm, a dilated segment of the coronary artery, is a rare condition with a prevalence ranging from 0.02% to 0.2%. According to the current literature, reports of large aneurysms in the left main artery are extremely rare. We present a case of a 43-year-old male patient presenting with cough, wheezing, and dyspnea after a cold. Initial examinations suggested viral myocarditis, but further evaluation revealed a giant aneurysm in the left main coronary artery. Due to the high surgical risk, conservative treatment was chosen. Follow-up assessments showed no significant changes in the coronary aneurysm, with slight improvement in dyspnea. This rare case of a left main congenital coronary aneurysm suggests that treatment should consider the patient's overall condition, thrombosis presence, suitability for anticoagulant therapy, and aneurysm location and size.
Development status of mouthguard
Authors: Biqi Wang , Xinyu Wang
Published: December 2024

The mouthguard plays a crucial role in preventing damage to the oral and jaw system. However, the popularity of sports mouthguards remains relatively low, and research on sports mouthguards is rather scattered. This paper primarily summarizes the characteristics of materials, production methods, protection principles, and influencing factors of mouthguards, with the aim of providing a theoretical reference for the popularization and application of mouthguards.
Interfacial engineering for high performance carbon-based perovskite solar cells
Authors: Brown Megan , Li Dawen
Published: December 2024

Perovskite solar cells fabricated with carbon-based counter electrodes demonstrate decreased cost, enhanced simplicity and speed of production, and increased stability compared to those produced with standard metallic electrodes. This significant improvement of device stability, cost reduction, and production scalability indicates a promising direction for commercial development and availability of perovskite solar technology. The main limitation of carbon-based perovskite devices is the flawed contact between the carbon electrode and perovskite film which decreases device quality and performance, thereby necessitating treatment of the carbon/perovskite interface. This review provides an overview of the current state of carbon-based perovskite devices, discusses progress in carbon/perovskite interface modification methods, and suggests future directions for the research of carbon electrode/perovskite film interface manipulation.
Adaptable and comprehensive approaches for long-read nanopore sequencing of polyadenylated and non-polyadenylated RNAs
Authors: Haile Simon , Corbett Richard D. , O’Neill Kieran , Xu Jing , Smailus Duane E. , Pandoh Pawan K. , Bayega Anthony , Bala Miruna , Chuah Eric , Coope Robin J. N. , Moore Richard A. , Mungall Karen L. , Zhao Yongjun , Ma Yussanne , Marra Marco A. , Jones Steven J. M. , Mungall Andrew J.
Published: December 2024

The advent of long-read (LR) sequencing technologies has provided a direct opportunity to determine the structure of transcripts with potential for end-to-end sequencing of full-length RNAs. LR methods that have been described to date include commercial offerings from Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) and Pacific Biosciences. These kits are based on selection of polyadenylated (polyA+) RNAs and/or oligo-dT priming of reverse transcription. Thus, these approaches do not allow comprehensive interrogation of the transcriptome due to their exclusion of non-polyadenylated (polyA-) RNAs. In addition, polyA + specificity also results in 3′-biased measurements of PolyA+ RNAs especially when the RNA input is partially degraded. To address these limitations of current LR protocols, we modified rRNA depletion protocols that have been used in short-read sequencing: one approach representing a ligation-based method and the other a template-switch cDNA synthesis-based method to append ONT-specific adaptor sequences and by removing any deliberate fragmentation/shearing of RNA/cDNA. Here, we present comparisons with poly+ RNA-specific versions of the two approaches including the ONT PCR-cDNA Barcoding kit. The rRNA depletion protocols displayed higher proportions (30%–50%) of intronic content compared to that of the polyA-specific protocols (5%–8%). In addition, the rRNA depletion protocols enabled ∼20–50% higher detection of expressed genes. Other metrics that were favourable to the rRNA depletion protocols include better coverage of long transcripts, and higher accuracy and reproducibility of expression measurements. Overall, these results indicate that the rRNA depletion-based protocols described here allow the comprehensive characterization of polyadenylated and non-polyadenylated RNAs. While the resulting reads are long enough to help decipher transcript structures, future endeavors are warranted to improve the proportion of individual reads representing end-to-end spanning of transcripts.
Ultrasensitive protein-level detection for respiratory infectious viruses
Authors: Kobayashi Yuki , Kyosei Yuta , Ogawa Ryutaro , Okita Kyo , Yoshimura Teruki , Ito Etsuro
Published: December 2024

Influenza virus, adenovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus cause major respiratory infections. These infections have similar initial symptoms making it difficult to differentiate them based on symptoms alone. PCR is currently used as the standard diagnostic test for these infections, however, it has its limitations such as non-specific and false-negative amplifications, high cost, and the inability to distinguish between a live or dead virus. Therefore, there is a need for alternative diagnostic methods that focus on protein. Here, we introduce TN-cyclon™, which is an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay combined with thio-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide cycling to amplify signals, rather than the protein itself. Using this method, we were able to detect extremely low levels of viruses such as influenza A, influenza B, adenovirus, and RS virus, with LODs of 2.96 × 10-18 moles/assay, 2.98 × 10-18 moles/assay, 2.36 × 10-18 moles/assay, and 3.55 × 10-18 moles/assay, respectively. Furthermore, we successfully detected viruses diluted with extract buffer, with a significant difference to the blank at concentrations of 3 pfu/mL for influenza A, 1000 pfu/mL for influenza B, 43.8 pfu/mL for adenovirus, and 125 pfu/mL for RS virus. This shows that our low-cost and easy-to-use technique has sufficient sensitivity in diagnosing respiratory infections.
The immune regulatory role of exosomal miRNAs and their clinical application potential in heart failure
Authors: Guo Dandan , Yan Junchen , Yang Zhenyu , Chen Mengzhu , Zhong Weibo , Yuan Xingxing , Yu Siming
Published: December 2024

Heart failure (HF) is a complex and debilitating condition characterized by the heart’s inability to pump blood effectively, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The abnormality of immune response is a key factor in the progression of HF, contributing to adverse cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) play a pivotal role in regulating gene expression and cellular function, which are integral to the crosstalk between cardiac and immune cells, influencing immune cell functions, such as macrophage polarization, T cell activity, and cytokine production, thereby modulating various pathological processes of HF, such as inflammation, fibrosis, and cardiac dysfunction. This review emphasizes the immune-regulatory role of exosomal miRNAs in HF and highlights their clinical potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic agents.
Spatial transcriptomics and in situ immune cell profiling of the host ectocervical landscape of HIV infected Kenyan sex working women
Authors: Franzén Boger Mathias , Kaldhusdal Vilde , Pascual-Reguant Anna , Kroh Sandy , Uecker Ralf , Burgener Adam D. , Lajoie Julie , Omollo Kenneth , Kimani Joshua , Fowke Keith R. , Hauser Anja E. , Tjernlund Annelie , Broliden Kristina
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Chronic immune activation is a hallmark of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection that significantly impacts disease pathogenesis. However, in-depth studies characterizing the immunological landscape of the ectocervix during chronic HIV infection remain scarce despite the importance of this tissue site for HIV transmission.

Methods

Ectocervical tissue samples were obtained from antiretroviral-naïve HIV-seropositive and -seronegative Kenyan female sex workers. These samples were assessed by spatial transcriptomics and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. We further performed multi-epitope ligand cartography (MELC) using an in situ staining panel that included 17 markers of primarily T cell–mediated immune responses.

Results

Spatial transcriptomics revealed tissue-wide immune activation encompassing immune responses associated with chronic HIV infection. First, both the epithelial and submucosal compartments showed diverse but significant upregulation of humoral immune responses, as indicated by the expression of several antibody-related genes. Second, an antiviral state–associated cellular immunity was also observed in the HIV-seropositive group, characterized by upregulation of genes involved in interferon signaling across the mucosal tissue and a more spatially restricted mucosal expression of genes related to T cell activity and effector functions relative to the HIV-seronegative group. Additionally, HIV associated structural alterations were evident within both compartments. Downregulated genes across the epithelium were mainly linked to epithelial integrity, with the outer layer involved in terminal differentiation and the inner layer associated with epithelial structure. MELC analysis further revealed a significantly increased ectocervical leukocyte population in HIV-seropositive participants, primarily driven by an increase in CD8+ T cells while the CD4+ T cell population remained stable. Consistent with our spatial transcriptomics data, T cells from HIV-seropositive participants showed an increased effector phenotype, defined by elevated expression of various granzymes.

Conclusion

By combining spatial transcriptomics and MELC, we identified significant HIV-associated cervical immune activity driven by induction of both T and B cell activity, together with a general antiviral state characterized by sustained interferon induction. These findings underscore that chronic HIV infection is associated with an altered ectocervical mucosal immune landscape years after primary infection. This sheds light on HIV pathogenesis at distant local sites and complements current knowledge on HIV-associated systemic immune activation.