bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revealing the social face of innovation
Authors: Hart Tim G.B. , Ramoroka Kgabo H. , Jacobs Peter T. , Letty Brigid A.
Published: September 2015

Despite the introduction of social innovation in the 1996 White Paper on Science and Technology, the concept of social innovation has not been actively implemented or even diffused outside of the policy arena in South Africa. Perceptions about what the concept of social innovation should encompass are contested and range from ideas of social welfare outcomes, public goods and a primary focus on the poor. More recently, the emphasis has been on inclusive development that embraces and supports the poor as innovators and which incorporates elements of social and economic development. While contestation in terminology persists, evidence from South Africa’s rural areas suggests that although there may be limited state intervention, hampered by structural constraints, and limited understanding of contemporary ideas about innovation and social innovation, local actors practise a variety of forms of social innovation. In most instances, the purpose is to improve social and economic well-being of the poor. Such innovation activities occur almost as widely and as often as strictly commercially oriented innovation activities. However, it is unclear from observed social innovation practices who should benefit from these practices (the poor or everyone), how (directly or indirectly) and when (immediately or gradually). It is suggested that extensive use of the actor-oriented sociological approach to understanding social dynamics in both science and development can provide a means of understanding the subtleties involved in innovation practices and its use should be adopted to address structural challenges within the National System of Innovation that mediate against the contribution of innovations to the poor for inclusive development.
Studies on CO variation and trends over South Africa and the Indian Ocean using TES satellite data
Authors: Toihir Abdoulwahab M. , Venkataraman Sivakumar , Mbatha Nkanyiso , Sangeetha Sivakumar K. , Bencherif Hassan , Brunke Ernst-Günther , Labuschagne Casper
Published: September 2015

In this study, we used measurements from the tropospheric emission spectrometer aboard the Earth Observing System’s Aura satellite over South Africa, Madagascar and Reunion Island to investigate variations and trends in tropospheric carbon monoxide (CO) over 5 years, from 2005 to 2009, and at 47 pressure levels from 1000 hPa to 10 hPa. We believe that the study is the first of its kind to address the use of space-borne data for CO distribution over southern Africa. Maximum CO was recorded during spring and minimum during summer. Positive anomalies were identified in 2005 and 2007 during the spring and negative anomalies in the beginning of the year (especially in 2006, 2008 and 2009). The estimated trends based on a linear regression method on inter-annual distribution predicted a decreasing rate of 2.1% per year over South Africa, 1.8% per year over Madagascar and 1.7% per year over Reunion Island. The surface CO measurements made at Cape Point station (34.35°S, 18.48°E) showed an average decline of 0.1 ppb per month, which corresponded to 2.4% of the average annual mean for the studied period. The observed decrease in CO was linked to the La Niña event which occurred in 2006 and 2008 and a declining rate of biomass burning activity in the southern hemisphere over the observation period. TES measurements are in agreement with ground-based measurements and can be used with confidence to complement CO measurements for future analyses over the southern tropics and middle latitude.
time to degree or dropout amongst full-time master’s students at University of KwaZulu-Natal
Authors: Zewotir Temesgen , North Delia , Murray Mike
Published: September 2015

Universities around the world are grappling with strategies to increase throughput and minimise dropout rates of postgraduate students. This study focuses on students at the University of KwaZulu-Natal and we attempt to estimate the time that it takes for these students to successfully complete or drop out from a master’s programme. We used survival analysis to identify the factors which affect this. The results of this analysis showed that having some form of financial aid and/or being a student in the Faculties of Humanities or Management, all significantly shortened the length of time that it took to eventually drop out from a master’s programme. For students who successfully completed a master’s degree, having some form of financial aid, being of international origin and/or being registered in the Faculties of Health, Humanities, Law or Management, all helped to significantly shorten the length of time it took to successfully complete a master’s programme. Students in the Faculty of Medicine, however, took longer to successfully complete their studies. Black Africans took less time to complete their master’s degrees when compared with otherwise identical students from the other race groups.
Review of the stability of biodiesel produced from less common vegetable oils of African origin
Authors: Kivevele Thomas , Huan Zhongjie
Published: September 2015

The stability of biodiesel is dependent on storage conditions such as contact with ambient air and metals, exposure to sunlight and high temperature conditions which accelerate oxidation reactions. In addition, biodiesels are more susceptible to degradation when compared to fossil diesel because of the presence of unsaturated fatty acid chains which are prone to oxidation. The stability of biodiesel is categorised according to oxidation stability, storage stability and thermal stability. Oxidation instability can led to the formation of oxidation products such as aldehydes, alcohols, shorter chain carboxylic acids, insolubles, gums and sediments in the biodiesel. Thermal instability is concerned with the increased rate of oxidation at higher temperature, which in turn increases the weight of oil and fat due to the formation of insolubles. Storage stability is the ability of liquid fuel to resist change to its physical and chemical characteristics brought about by its interaction with its storage environment, such as contamination with metals. These fuel instabilities give rise to the formation of undesirable substances in biodiesel beyond acceptable limits as per global biodiesel standards such as those of the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM D6751) and European Standards (EN 14214). When such fuel is used in the engine, it impairs engine performance through fuel filter plugging, injector fouling, and deposit formation in the engine combustion chamber and various components of the fuel system. We review the stability of biodiesel made from less common vegetable oils of African origin and synthetic antioxidants used in improving the stability of produced biodiesels.
Systematic land-cover change in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: Implications for biodiversity
Authors: Jewitt Debbie , Goodman Peter S. , Erasmus Barend F.N. , O’Connor Timothy G. , Witkowski Ed T.F.
Published: September 2015

Land-cover change and habitat loss are widely recognised as the major drivers of biodiversity loss in the world. Land-cover maps derived from satellite imagery provide useful tools for monitoring land-use and land-cover change. KwaZulu-Natal, a populous yet biodiversity-rich province in South Africa, is one of the first provinces to produce a set of three directly comparable land-cover maps (2005, 2008 and 2011). These maps were used to investigate systematic land-cover changes occurring in the province with a focus on biodiversity conservation. The Intensity Analysis framework was used for the analysis as this quantitative hierarchical method addresses shortcomings of other established land-cover change analyses. In only 6 years (2005–2011), a massive 7.6% of the natural habitat of the province was lost to anthropogenic transformation of the landscape. The major drivers of habitat loss were agriculture, timber plantations, the built environment, dams and mines. Categorical swapping formed a significant part of landscape change, including a return from anthropogenic categories to secondary vegetation, which we suggest should be tracked in analyses. Longer-term rates of habitat loss were determined using additional land-cover maps (1994, 2000). An average of 1.2% of the natural landscape has been transformed per annum since 1994. Apart from the direct loss of natural habitat, the anthropogenically transformed land covers all pose additional negative impacts for biodiversity remaining in these or surrounding areas. A target of no more than 50% of habitat loss should be adopted to adequately conserve biodiversity in the province. Our analysis provides the first provincial assessment of the rate of loss of natural habitat and may be used to fulfil incomplete criteria used in the identification of Threatened Terrestrial Ecosystems, and to report on the Convention on Biological Diversity targets on rates of natural habitat loss.
Computational Complexity of Prototype and Feature Selection for Isotonic Classification Problems
Authors: Зухба А.В. , Zukhba A.V.
Published: September 2015

Decision rules with monotonicity constraints are often used in biomedical diagnostics. Simultaneous feature selection and prototype selection can
significantly affect the degree of monotonicity of the data set and, as a consequence, the classification quality. In this paper we propose a systematization
of discrete optimization problems of simultaneous feature selection and prototype selection and estimate their computational complexity.
Efeitos Musculares Agudos e Crônicos do Alongamento Estático e da FNP Durante o Salto Vertical
Authors: Coppo Juliana , Broetto Giulia Satie , Tavares Alana Ludemila de Freitas , Carvalho Alberito Rodrigo de , Bertolini Gladson Ricardo Flor
Published: September 2015

O alongamento muscular pode ser usado para tratar e prevenir doenças musculoesqueléticas. Há dúvidas sobre como executá-lo da melhor forma para ter seu máximo efeito. Há vários tipos de alongamento para aumentar a extensibilidade muscular, entre eles estão as técnicas de Facilitação Neuromuscular Proprioceptiva (FNP) e o Alongamento Estático (AE). Os benefícios do alongamento muscular antes da prática de exercícios é tema controverso, no que diz respeito ao desempenho muscular. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar os efeitos agudos e crônicos do AE e da FNP, sobre o tríceps sural de indivíduos jovens saudáveis, na potência e fadiga muscular durante o salto. Os indivíduos foram separados, em três grupos, o grupo 1 (G1, n=8) foi o grupo controle, o grupo 2 (G2, n=8) recebeu o AE e o grupo 3 (G3, n=8) foi submetido a técnicas de FNP. As avaliações foram feitas com saltos consecutivos durante 60 segundos, sobre a Plataforma Jump Test. Os resultados demonstraram que houve queda significativa apenas na PM crônica, independente do grupo. Pode-se concluir que o AE e FNP não apresentam efeitos imediatos ou tardios significativos no que diz respeito ao índice de fadiga e potência média.
Avaliação das Condições Higiênico-Sanitárias de Leite Cru e Queijo Coalho Comercializados em Mercados Públicos no Norte do Piauí
Authors: Dias Jhones Do Nascimento , Fontinele Laíza Lima , Machado Stella Maris de Oliveira , Oliveira Jefferson Soares de , Ferreira Gustavo Portela , Toledo da Cunha Pereira Anna Carolina
Published: September 2015

A qualidade microbiológica do leite cru e do queijo coalho está diretamente relacionada com a produção e comercialização do produto. Esta pesquisa objetivou avaliar as condições higiênico-sanitárias por meio da detecção de microrganismos indicadores de contaminação de leite cru e queijo coalho comercializados em mercados públicos da cidade de Parnaíba, Piauí. Foram coletadas 16 amostras de leite cru e 16 amostras de queijo coalho (8 conservadas por refrigeração e 8 sem conservação) em quatro mercados públicos distintos, no período de abril a outubro de 2012. Na análise do leite cru, 11 das 16 amostras apresentaram números elevados tanto de coliformes totais como termotolerantes. Com relação à análise do queijo coalho, das 16 amostras 12 apresentavam índices elevados de coliformes totais, sendo que 11 estavam em desacordo com os padrões estabelecidos pela lei vigente da ANVISA. A conservação do queijo também foi avaliada como um parâmetro. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que o leite cru e o queijo coalho, comercializados na cidade de Parnaíba, estão sendo manipulados sob condições higiênico-sanitárias insatisfatórias, resultando em um produto final com elevados números de microrganismos indicadores de contaminação, ocasionando um risco para a saúde pública.
Estratégias Educativas para Prevenção e Redução da Morbimortalidade do Câncer do Colo Uterino
Authors: Souza Gilberto De , Alves Priscilla Santos
Published: September 2015

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar as estratégias educativas utilizadas pelo enfermeiro para a prevenção e redução de morbimortalidade do câncer de colo uterino no Brasil, buscando evidências na literatura sobre as estratégias educativas eficazes na prevenção do câncer de colo uterino. Para tanto foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Esse estudo evidenciou a importância que a educação em saúde tem no contexto oncológico envolvendo o universo feminino. As ações de promoção da saúde são de extrema relevância, uma vez que envolvem a mulher no contexto da saúde-doença e enfocam o autocuidado. Neste estudo, foi possível constatar que as estratégias educativas utilizadas pelo enfermeiro para a prevenção de câncer do colo uterino são largamente diversificadas e necessitam ser combinadas entre si, pois, considerando-se que não há uma metodologia única e específica, elas devem ser adaptadas conforme as características loco-regionais do público alvo.
Estratégia Lúdica para Promoção do Estilo de Vida Ativo em Usuários do SUS
Authors: Farias Joni Marcio , Maggi Rosana Mengue
Published: September 2015

Estratégias que incentivem o estilo de vida ativo na perspectiva de comportamentos preventivos relacionados à sua saúde são necessárias. O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar a contribuição de uma estratégia lúdica para promoção de um estilo de vida saudável em diferentes populações. Participaram do estudo cinco grupos: crianças, adultos, idosos, adultos e hipertensos, usuários de uma UBS de Criciúma (SC). Foi utilizado o ABEP, Estágio de Mudança de Comportamento para a A. F. e Escala de motivação. Os dados foram analisados pela análise de conteúdo e tabulados pelo pacote estatístico SPSS 18.0. De um modo geral os indivíduos pesquisados reconhecem saúde a partir de uma visão multifatorial, com uma percepção positiva sobre o jogo, com aspecto motivacional importante (divertido, interativo e favorece aprendizado), contribuindo para a mudança de comportamento incentivando a incorporar um novo hábito de vida. O jogo “MovimentAção” demonstrou ser uma estratégia interessante para promoção do estilo de vida ativo.
Metformina: Uma Revisão da Literatura
Authors: Rodrigues Neto Edilson Martins , Marques Lidia Audrey Rocha Valadas , Ferreira Maria Augusta Drago , Lobo Patricia Leal Dantas , Girão Junior Francisco Josimar , Camarão Gisela Costa , Moraes Maria Elisabete Amaral de
Published: September 2015

A metformina, medicamento comercializado por diversas marcas e também na forma de genérico, é um antidiabético oral pertencente à classe das biguanidas. Devido ao seu perfil de toxicidade e à sua eficácia clínica é a principal escolha no tratamento do diabetes mellitus tipo dois (DM2). Pelo seu grande uso é necessária uma discussão constante a respeito de suas características e aplicações. Objetivou-se realizar uma revisão bibliográfica, na qual serão abordadas a aplicação da metformina no tratamento de DM2 bem como suas propriedades químicas, físico-químicas, farmacocinéticas, farmacodinâmicas, seus usos clínicos, contraindicações e efeitos adversos. Revisão da literatura realizada nos bancos de dados Pubmed, Bireme, Lilacs e Scielo, bem como pesquisa nos periódicos do Portal Brasileiro da Informação Científica e livros sobre o assunto. Pelo exposto percebe-se que a metformina para pacientes diabéticos é considerada um fármaco ideal tendo ainda aplicações na terapêutica adjuvante de outros distúrbios fisiológicos.
A Utilização de Células-tronco em Doenças Cardíacas: Apresentação dos Estudos Publicados no Brasil
Authors: Reis Vanelly Werner Souza , Ota Mariana Santos , Silva Rejane Martins , Pereira Théa Nobre
Published: September 2015

As doenças relacionadas ao músculo cardíaco e suas derivações representam grande parte da mortalidade no Brasil ao decorrer dos anos, por isso a utilização de células-tronco em doenças cardíacas vem sendo estudada através de ensaios clínicos realizados por pesquisadores na área da saúde. Objetivando descrever os resultados obtidos e publicados até o ano atual nas pesquisas de restauração funcional do tecido cardíaco, neste trabalho foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico nas principais bases de dados: Scielo e Ebsco, publicadas no período de 2003 a 2014, com os seguintes descritores: Células-tronco, doenças cardíacas, terapia celular, transplante celular, infarto agudo do miocárdio, doença de Chagas, cardiomiopatia isquêmica e cardiomiopatia dilatada. Os resultados obtidos nos ensaios de utilização de células-tronco em doenças cardíacas têm se mostrado promissores, porém há muitos fatores ainda desconhecidos pela escassez de dados obtidos através dessas pesquisas a respeito de reação imunológica, dosagem correta, método ideal, tipo celular mais adequado entre outros parâmetros a serem testados a fim de aplicar ampla e efetivamente este novo tratamento, além da existência de divergências entre resultados obtidos por diferentes pesquisadores.
Atividade Farmacológica do Óleo Essencial de Lippia sidoides em Odontologia: Uma Revisão de Literatura
Authors: Lobo Patrícia Leal Dantas , Marques Lídia Audrey Rocha Valadas , Gurgel Mariana Fernandes , Soares Juliana Leite , Fonseca Said Gonçalves da Cruz , Moraes Maria Elisabete Amaral de
Published: September 2015

Durante um longo período, plantas têm sido avaliadas como fonte de produtos naturais para preservar a saúde humana, inclusive para prevenção de doenças orais, especialmente cárie e doença periodontal. A cárie e a doença periodontal estão associadas a patógenos orais. A atividade antimicrobiana de várias plantas tem sido avaliada contra estes microrganismos patogênicos, dentre elas a Lippia sidoides Cham, uma planta popularmente conhecida como alecrim-pimenta, comumente encontrada no Nordeste do Brasil. Este artigo apresenta uma revisão das diversas atividades biológicas da Lippia sidoides Cham, destacando o seu potencial farmacológico no tratamento e/ou cura de várias doenças como a cárie e a doença periodontal possibilitando, assim, o desenvolvimento de formulações farmacêuticas seguras e eficazes a partir desta fonte natural.
Gestão do Conhecimento em Organizações de Saúde: Revisão Sistemática de Literatura
Authors: Cicone Priscila Artero , Costa Cássia Kely Favoretto , Massuda Ely Mitie , Vermelho Sonia Cristina Soares Dias , Gimenes Régio Marcio Toesca
Published: September 2015

No período atual, a gestão do conhecimento vem se tornando um instrumento estratégico nas tomadas de decisões das organizações de saúde, devido à globalização da economia e dos avanços das tecnologias de informação e comunicação aplicadas a essa área. O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi realizar uma revisão sistemática de literatura sobre a gestão do conhecimento em organizações de saúde, no período de 2000 a 2013. Como procedimentos metodológicos utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo. No tratamento quantitativo dos dados coletados foi usada a estatística descritiva. A amostra da pesquisa totalizou 87 artigos que se enquadraram nos critérios estabelecidos para o estudo. De acordo com os resultados, a maior parte dos artigos foi publicada entre 2000 e 2011 (83,92%) e o Brasil apresentou o maior percentual de publicações sobre o tema (66,67%), destacando-se a Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem. As pesquisas descritiva e qualitativa foram as mais utilizadas, com participação de 26,44% e 16,09% no total, respectivamente. Observou-se que 43% dos autores possuíam título de doutor. A partir desta revisão, foi possível apresentar o panorama atual dos estudos científicos, nacionais e internacionais, que estão sendo realizados sobre a gestão do conhecimento em organizações de saúde. Buscou-se assim fornecer subsídios sobre as publicações recentes e a importância do conhecimento como ferramenta estratégica de tomada de decisão no setor.
Nomadologic Ulysses: Pounding Overseas
Authors: Moslemi Amir Abbas
Published: September 2015

A Deleuzian reading of Ezra Pound’s the Gypsy and Ulysses by James Joyce is put into practice to link the schizophrenic concept of ‘nomadology’, with diaspora, mysticism, logic, multilingualism, nostalgic inclination towards ‘change’, purgatorial ontology of Adam and Eve before the Fall, and a Protean vision to focus on ‘capacity’ as the sine qua non of ‘change’.
James Joyce and Alcoholism
Authors: Ciobica Irina , Ciobica Alin , Timofte Daniel , Colibaba Stefan
Published: September 2015

This paper will zoom-in upon one of the greatest modernist writers and influential figures of the twentieth century, James Joyce. In this way, following his life’s developments, from his troubled childhood to his frantic life abroad with Nora Barnacle, his literary work and his inspirational sources, we will try to establish whether alcohol consumption hindered or aided his creative process. In order to do so, this article will present events that might have triggered the drinking, the rituals and ‘customs’ of the process, as they seem to be in some kind of interrelation. These facts will be rendered while using close textual analyses of his literary works in the context of addiction.
Impact of Capital Structure on Profitability in the Manufacturing and Non-Manufacturing Industries of Pakistan
Authors: Ullah Hafeez , Abbas Aun , Iqbal Nadeem
Published: September 2015

This study motives to analyze and understand the association between capital structure and profitability and the fastidious to measure their significance in manufacturing and non manufacturing industries of Pakistan. The paper adopts a quantitative data of different manufacturing and non manufacturing organizations in Pakistan. The financial statements were analyzed of manufacturing and non manufacturing organizations of Pakistan for the period of 2008-2013. The study reveals the fact, profitability and debt in manufacturing and non manufacturing industry is an insignificant relationship and a strong positive link between profitability and debt. The population of the study is a Manufacturing and Non-Manufacturing industry of Pakistan and units of analysis is D.G Cement factory and AGTL from Manufacturing industry and, HBL & Bank Al-Falah from Non-Manufacturing industry. In this paper descriptive statistics were used to interpret the data. It is proved that manufacturing industry has found a strong negative regression between debts and profit and the non-manufacturing has found a strong positive regression between debt and profit.
Investor Behavior & Fundamental Analysis: A Case of Karachi Stock Exchange Investor’s
Authors: Iqbal Nadeem , Iqbal Sajid
Published: September 2015

The current study hypothesized the investor behaviors with stock market fundamental analysis. Thus, the study used convinance and simple random sampling for data acquisition and study has used descriptive, correlation regression and combined effect t tests to interpret the data. And have concluded that facets of investor behavior i-e overconfidence, optimism, involvement and risk behavior has significant relation with stock market fundamental analysis. Hence, study concluded its finding up to historic investigations.
The Art of Compromise: Legislative Deliberations on Marine Insurance Institutions in Antwerp (c. 1550-c. 1570)
Authors: De Ruysscher Dave , Puttevils Jeroen
Published: September 2015

Dave de Ruysscher and Jeroen Puttevils look into the complex interaction – typicalof the Low Countries – between various stakeholders (economic agents, citygovernment and central government) that shaped the legislation of economic practices. Eschewing top-down (the central government imposes its rules) and bottom-up (merchants sought to have their customs legalised) models, and taking into account the powers enjoyed by city governments in the Low Countries, which were both ample but also constrained by the central government, the authors trace the development of one particular type of contract and transaction – sixteenth century marine insurance, a growing sector for which Antwerp became the key centre. By laying bare the negotiation process which preceded the compromise, they find that decisions on the legislation regarding marine insurance were both politically and economically induced. The three major agents (merchants, city government and central government) were not monolithic blocs: within the Antwerp mercantile community different opinions on marine insurance and its legislation could be heard. There were ‘national’ differences and small-time insurance purchasers thought differently about state legislation than their larger colleagues and insurers. Parties with political clout also had a stronger voice in negotiations. De kunst van het compromis. Onderhandelingen over wetgeving voor hetzeeverzekeringswezen in Antwerpen (c. 1550-c. 1570)De wetgeving rond economische praktijken in de zestiende-eeuwse Nederlanden werd in belangrijke mate bepaald door de complexe interactie tussen verschillende belangengroepen (economische agenten, stedelijke overheid en centraal gezag). Dave de Ruysscher en Jeroen Puttevils zijn van mening dat top-down (de vorst legt zijn regels op) en bottum-up modellen (kooplieden willen hun gewoonten omgezet zien in wetten) weinig afdoend zijn en stellen zich vragen bij de reikwijdte van de macht van stedelijke overheden. Door op zeeverzekering te focussen, een praktijk die sterk groeide in de zestiende eeuw en waarvoor Antwerpen een belangrijk centrum werd, wordt het onderhandelingsproces en het zoeken naar een compromis tussen de verschillende belangengroepen duidelijk. De beslissingen over wetgeving waren daardoor het resultaat van zowel politieke als economische dynamieken. De verschillende belangengroepen werden door interne spanningen gekenmerkt: zo verschilden Antwerpse handelaars qua participatie in de zeeverzekeringssector, ‘nationaliteit’ en contacten met de politieke machthebbers.
Loe de Jong, of de professionele strategieën van een publieke intellectueel in Koude Oorlogstijd
Authors: Lagrou Pieter
Published: September 2015

Loe de Jong or the Professional Strategies of a Public Intellectual in the Cold War PeriodBoudewijn Smits’ biography of Loe de Jong tells four stories – the life of the author of the 16,600 pages long standard history of the Netherlands during the Second World War, that of the son of an Amsterdam milkman who lost his entire family in the Holocaust but then went on to become a celebrated national symbol, one of the most prominent media figures in the post-war Netherlands, in the printed press, radio and television, and finally that of the director and personification of a most peculiar Dutch institution, the State Institute for War Documentation. Smits offers an insightful analysis of how these four lives intertwined in the person of Loe de Jong and thus portrays in an original way the making of a Cold War public intellectual.Boudewijn Smits’ biografie van Loe de Jong vertelt vier levens: dat van de gevierde historicus, auteur van de 16.600 bladzijden tellende Het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden in de Tweede Wereldoorlog; dat van de zoon van een Joodse melkboer in Amsterdam die zijn hele familie verloor in de Jodenvervolging, maar na 1945 een gevierd nationaal symbool werd; dat van een van de prominentste mediafiguren in naoorlogs Nederland, in de geschreven pers, radio en televisie en dat van de directeur en verpersoonlijking van een wel erg bijzondere instelling, het Rijksinstituut voor Oorlogsdocumentatie. De manier waarop die vier levens zich in de persoon van De Jong verstrengelen wordt op boeiende manier ontleed en portretteert de unieke figuur van een publieke intellectueel in Koude Oorlogstijd.
Koenraad Brosens, Leen Kelchtermans, Katlijne Van der Stighelen (eds.), Family Ties: Art Production and Kinship Patterns in the Early Modern Low Countries
Authors: Dekoninck Ralph
Published: September 2015

Koenraad Brosens, Leen Kelchtermans, Katlijne Van der Stighelen (eds.), Family Ties: Art Production and Kinship Patterns in the Early Modern Low Countries (Turnhout: Brepols, 2012, 239 pp., ISBN 978 2 503 54227 0).
Thomas Crombez, Luk van den Dries (eds.), Mass Theatre in Interwar Europe: Flanders and the Netherlands in an International Perspective
Authors: Abbenhuis Maartje
Published: September 2015

Thomas Crombez, Luk van den Dries (eds.), Mass Theatre in Interwar Europe: Flanders and the Netherlands in an International Perspective (Leuven: Universitaire pers Leuven, 2014, 164 pp., ISBN 978 90 5867 992 5).
Jos Gabriëls e.a. (eds.), In vriendschap en vertrouwen. Cultuurhistorische essays over confidentialiteit
Authors: Brouwer Judith
Published: September 2015

Jos Gabriëls e.a. (eds.), In vriendschap en vertrouwen. Cultuurhistorische essays over confidentialiteit (Hilversum: Verloren, 2014, 286 pp., ISBN 978 90 8704 478 7).
Geert H. Janssen, The Dutch Revolt and Catholic Exile in Reformation Europe
Authors: Tracy James
Published: September 2015

Geert H. Janssen, The Dutch Revolt and Catholic Exile in Reformation Europe (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014, xv + 218 pp., ISBN 978 1 107 05503 2).
Wim van Meurs e.a. (eds.), Europa in alle staten. Zestig jaar geschiedenis van de Europese integratie
Authors: Van Hecke Steven
Published: September 2015

Wim van Meurs e.a. (eds.), Europa in alle staten. Zestig jaar geschiedenis van de Europese integratie (Nijmegen: Vantilt, 2013, 351 pp., ISBN 978 94 6004 126 6).
Life stage influences the resistance and resilience of black mangrove forests to winter climate extremes
Authors: Osland Michael J. , Day Richard H. , From Andrew S. , McCoy Meagan L. , McLeod Jennie L. , Kelleway Jeffrey J.
Published: September 2015

In subtropical coastal wetlands on multiple continents, climate change‐induced reductions in the frequency and intensity of freezing temperatures are expected to lead to the expansion of woody plants (i.e., mangrove forests) at the expense of tidal grasslands (i.e., salt marshes). Since some ecosystem goods and services would be affected by mangrove range expansion, there is a need to better understand mangrove sensitivity to freezing temperatures as well as the implications of changing winter climate extremes for mangrove‐salt marsh interactions. In this study, we investigated the following questions: (1) how does plant life stage (i.e., ontogeny) influence the resistance and resilience of black mangrove (Avicennia germinans) forests to freezing temperatures; and (2) how might differential life stage responses to freeze events affect the rate of mangrove expansion and salt marsh displacement due to climate change? To address these questions, we quantified freeze damage and recovery for different life stages (seedling, short tree, and tall tree) following extreme winter air temperature events that occurred near the northern range limit of A. germinans in North America. We found that life stage affects black mangrove forest resistance and resilience to winter climate extremes in a nonlinear fashion. Resistance to winter climate extremes was high for tall A. germinans trees and seedlings, but lowest for short trees. Resilience was highest for tall A. germinans trees. These results suggest the presence of positive feedbacks and indicate that climate‐change induced decreases in the frequency and intensity of extreme minimum air temperatures could lead to a nonlinear increase in mangrove forest resistance and resilience. This feedback could accelerate future mangrove expansion and salt marsh loss at rates beyond what would be predicted from climate change alone. In general terms, our study highlights the importance of accounting for differential life stage responses and positive feedbacks when evaluating the ecological effects of changes in the frequency and magnitude of climate extremes.
Design And Operation Of Production Facilities Of The Quifa Field In-situ Combustion Project
Authors: Prieto H. , Lima E. , Gaviria M. R. , Gil E. , Benitez N. , Fuenmayor M.
Published: September 2015

The experience gained in a unique in situ combustion (ISC) pilot project, in the heavy oil (13° API), water drive Quifa field in Colombia, is presented. The design, construction and operation of the production and air compression facilities are discussed. Under normal conditions, the water cut (BSW) in Quifa is above 90% and the ultimate primary recovery is less than 14%, which imposes strong design and operational challenges for an ISC project.

The pilot project was operated from Nov 2011 to July 2014. A modified inverted-nine spot pattern was used, with all wells instrumented with pressure and temperature devices, as well as the majority of the surface equipment. Real-time monitoring and visualization was developed for proper surveillance of the pilot operation.

This paper emphasizes about the surface facilities designed and selected to obtain the best performance of the process in the pilot. Since this was the first time that an ISC project was carried out in Colombia, there was no previous field performance data available about the quality of the produced fluids under ISC, so the main design data for the project were based on combustion tube tests performed for the Quifa field, and data from different projects worldwide available on technical literature.

The design and operation of the surface facilities considered the effect of ISC on the mechanical integrity of the installations and the environment, with the implementation of the adequate piping class specification and HSE practices to comply with local and international standards due to the presence of H2S and acid water. Early detection systems were installed, which helped to operate the pilot within regulations and strict safety conditions.

With this pilot project Pacific Rubiales Energy has built a valuable learning curve in the design, construction and management of an ISC processes, obtaining a unique experience for future projects of its kind. It should be noted that the implementation of EOR projects of this type constitutes a significant contribution in understanding the relation between subsurface and surface process under In Situ Combustion Process to the future of the exploitation of heavy oil fields.
A Probabilistic Economic Approach to Optimize Field Development and Maximize Asset Value
Authors: Huerta Victor A. , Aliaga J. Wilson
Published: September 2015

Field development optimization is one of the most important and complex tasks in the petroleum industry since technical and economic issues should be considered to maximize an asset value. Usually field development plans are optimized first, under a deterministic or probabilistic approach, by numerical simulation or other engineering tools, and then, a base case model served for economic assessment, with some sensitivity analysis.

Complexity in field development optimization is based on uncertainty sources which often arise at the same time, such as strong correlation among oil prices and technical recoverable volumes, development wells, CAPEX and OPEX. Then, uncertainty and dependency between model inputs are not easy to be modeled by conventional tools.

A new probabilistic tool has been proposed to integrate technical recoverable volumes estimation, production performance prediction and economic assessment. Hydrocarbon recoverable volumes are estimated using a volumetric equation set up to run Monte Carlo simulation; thousands of realizations are then captured by the model to build an expectation curve. In addition, type curves from analogous fields and conceptual simulation studies are incorporated to obtain the probabilistic distribution of the parameters that will allow us to predict the production performance of a field under a stochastic approach. Finally, all the output production profiles are integrated to a probabilistic cash flow model based on real options, to assess at the same time, the uncertainty placed on oil & gas prices, CAPEX, OPEX, tax royalties and other economic inputs over profitability indicators such as NPV, IRR, pay out and investment/profitability rate.

The use of real options will allow us to quantify the value of important flexibilities normally neglected in a typical cash flow analysis such as the value of waiting to develop the lease, the possibility of early development, and the abandonment of the project. To achieve this objective, we will use computational techniques such as finite difference and Monte Carlo simulations considering two price models for oil and gas: Geometric Brownian Motion and Mean Reverting Model.

The model was applied to a remote Peruvian oilfield suspected to be under water drive mechanism to optimize its development strategy in early times, by finding the most suitable number of development wells according to field size, and selecting the optimal production rates, increasing recovery factor and delaying water breakthrough, variables that eventually would contribute with maximizing asset value.

In addition, the model was capable to test and identify simultaneously the most sensitive inputs affecting recoverable volumes and asset value, as well as, to account for the risk expressed in expectation curves of technical recoverable volumes, as well as, the expected monetary value.
Compositional Simulation Including Effect of Capillary Pressure on Phase Behavior
Authors: Rezaveisi Mohsen , Sepehrnoori Kamy , Pope Gary A. , Johns Russell T.
Published: September 2015

High capillary pressure has a significant effect on the phase behavior of fluid mixtures. The capillary pressure is high in unconventional reservoirs due to the small pores in the rock, so including the effect of capillary pressure on phase behavior is necessary for reliable modeling of unconventional shale gas and tight oil reservoirs. We show that the tangent plane distance method cannot be used to determine phase stability and present a rigorous thermodynamic analysis to determine phase stability with capillary pressure. We then demonstrate that there is a maximum capillary pressure (Pcmax) where capillary equilibrium is possible and derive the necessary equations to obtain this maximum capillary pressure. We also discuss the implementation of the capillary equilibrium in a general purpose compositional reservoir simulator and the numerical challenges involved with its application to unconventional reservoirs. Three simulation case studies for gas condensate and tight oil reservoirs were performed to illustrate the influence of capillary pressure on production behavior. These results clarify the influence of capillary pressure on production behavior in low-permeability reservoirs. We show that the choice of the capillary pressure function and parameters significantly affects the results.
Use of Individual Well Indicators on the Optimization of Production Strategies
Authors: Alves Victor R.
Published: September 2015

Large reservoirs, such as the fields in the Brazilian Pre-salt, require the generation of large mesh models increasing the simulation time so that the production strategy selection process can be very time consuming. Therefore, typical optimization procedures used in this process may need to be simplified. A possible way to reduce the computational time is to use a new hybrid process. It consists of an assisted methodology that uses indicators based on the reservoir engineering knowledge increasing the accuracy of the alterations to be performed, speeding up the process. In this work, the alterations are made based on economic and production indicators of each individual well: net present value, oil, water and gas cumulative productions and oil flow rates. The indicators are classified as low, medium or high according to the mean reservoir value. Their combination ranks the well in one of four different regions allowing the identification of wells with high priority for alteration. Neighbor wells in the same area of influence are not modified in the same iteration. The indicators analysis points the causes of low well performance enabling the user to make alterations aiming to solve them. Different suggestions of possible procedures to be adopted to improve the performance of the well and consequently the field are provided according to each well location in a region. The methodology was applied to a strategy previously optimized for UNISIM-I-D case based on the Namorado Field, Campos Basin, Brazil. Results show that the refinement step is very useful to increase NPV and to give reliability to the selected strategies. The methodology has shown to be an excellent way to apply accurate alterations in production strategies. Besides, it is a very efficient tool to measure how well optimized a strategy is and if still there is potential for improvements.
Analysis of Correlations Between Climate and Molecular Adaptive
Evolution of Wild Barley with Geographical Information Systems (GIS)
Authors: Zhao Lina , Pei Tao , Yang Gege , Zhou Chenghu
Published: September 2015

Climate is one of the most important factors determining the adaptive evolution of plants. In this study, 44
different populations of wild barley were used as materials to analyze the diversity of 17 genes (495 sequences), in order
to study the influence of different climatic conditions on adaptive evolution of wild barley. A Geographical Information
System (GIS) provided tools to visually present and analyse the geographical distribution of number of variable positions
in the alignments and the differentiation index. 19 different bio factors were classified into 4 main component groups, and
OLS Regression was used to analyze the differentiation coefficient of main climatic factors and the expression of gene
differentiation degree. DHN family, a drought and temperature related gene family, showed significant spatial correlation
with main climatic factors. Meanwhile, the results of other genes, which reported insignificant effects on drought or heat
tolerance, were quite contrary. The phenotypes of plants were observed after the interaction of plant genotype with the
environment. Simultaneously, the environment also has influence on some special genes. New analysis methods using
GIS could be used to research the complex relationship between plant phenotype, plant genotype and the environment.
A Novel Forecast Method for Air-Conditioning Load of Public Building Considering Accumulated Temperature Effect
Authors: Xu Qingshan , Wang Xufang , Yang Chenxing , Zhu Hong , Yan Qingguo
Published: September 2015

It has great significance to estimate the schedulable capacity of air-conditioning load of public building for
participating the power network regulation by forecasting the air-conditioning load accurately. A novel forecast method
considering the accumulated temperature effect is proposed in this paper based on Elman neural network. Firstly, the
starting and ending date for forecast considering the accumulated temperature effect are determined by providing the five
day sliding average thermometer algorithm which is usually adopted in aerology research. Then, the effective
accumulated temperature of each day is calculated. Finally, take the effective accumulated temperature, temperature and
humidity into consideration, the air-conditioning load of public building in the forecast day is acquired by Elman neural
network. Simulated results show that the higher forecast accuracy can be achieved by considering the accumulated
temperature effect.
Using an Improved Joint Normal Transform Method for Modeling Stochastic Dependence in Power System
Authors: Le Zhang , Haihong Bian , Guohua Chen
Published: September 2015

The dependence factors in power systems should be considered in stochastic power flow computation, so Joint
Normal Transform (JNT), belonging to the copula function technology, is improved to model these dependences. Firstly,
the procedure of traditional JNT method is introduced and the principle of correlation structure’s remaining unchanged is
analyzed combined with the properties of rank correlations when JNT method is utilized in dependence modelling. Then,
an improved JNT sampling method is proposed to raise sampling efficiency by applying Orthogonal Transformation
according to the characteristic that JNT method is based on Normal Distribution. Finally, a calculation example is
designed to verify the feasibility of the proposed improved JNT sampling method.
Perceptual Effects of Nasal Cue Modification
Authors: Bai Fan
Published: September 2015

Acoustic or perceptual cues used for speech perception can be very helpful in almost all areas of speech signal
processing. A new methodology 3-Dimensional-Deep Search and a new visualized intelligible time-frequency computerbased
model AI-gram have been developed and are being researched since the last several years (Human Speech Recognition
(HSR) research group at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign) for isolation of stable perceptual cues of consonants.
The perceptual cues of nasal consonants [1] have been successfully found considering these techniques [1]. The
previous work is extended by assessing the changes in nasal sound perception and cue region is modified by using digital
signal processing method. The amplitude of the perceptual cue region is amplified, attenuated or ignored completely and
then the perception score is measured. A high correlation between the amplitude of the cue region and the perception
score is found. The intelligibility of the entire token is increased or decreased approximately in a similar fashion as the cue
region modified amplitude which is measured by the MMSE shift of the perceptual score curve. This validates that the regions
identified are perceptual cue regions for nasal consonants. The digital signal processing method proposed can be
used as a new approach for enhancing speech signal in noisy conditions.
Seismic Reliability Analysis of Long-Span Cable-stayed Bridges
Authors: Fangwen Wu , Caofang Yang , Chengfeng Xue , Zhengdi Ji
Published: September 2015

Earthquake motion is a random process, and thus, analyzing the seismic responses and dynamic reliability of
cable-stayed bridges based on the random vibration theory is important. In this paper, dynamic reliability is investigated
under earthquake loads by applying the stochastic vibration theory to the Sutong Yangtze River Highway Bridge. The response
statistics are obtained from random vibration analyses, and the dynamic reliability of the normal stress of several
key cross sections in the bridge is analyzed using the first-order second-moment method and the first-passage failure theory.
The dynamic reliability analysis shows that the reliability index changes with girder section location and meets the design
requirements. The analysis shows that the Sutong Bridge has adequate earthquake resistance ability. The structure’s
earthquake resistance is appraised to provide an important theoretical reference for improving the seismic resistance design
methods.
Analysis of the Effect of the Space of the Bearing Plate on the Uplift Bearing Capacity of the Concrete Plates-expanded Pile
Authors: Yong-Mei Qian , Rong-Zheng Zhai
Published: September 2015

In this paper, using ANSYS FEM software to simulate the failure status of the concrete plates-expanded pile
(CPEP) in clay, keeping the other parameters constant, and through changing the space of plate of the concrete platesexpanded
pile to study the effect of the space of plate on the uplift bearing capacity of the concrete plates-expanded pile.
Through the research of this paper to complete the influence factors of the uplift bearing capacity of the concrete platesexpanded
piles, in order to provide theoretical basis to the application of the concrete plates-expanded pile in practical engineering.