bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perceptions of Federal Workplace Attributes: Interactions Among Disability, Sex, and Military Experience
Authors: von Schrader Sarah , Shaw Leslie , Colella Adrienne
Published: October 2022

The U.S. federal government strives to be a model employer of people with disabilities. Although it has been successful in recent years in increasing disability hiring, retention of this workforce remains a concern. The researchers of this mixed-methods study sought to understand the perceptions of workplace attributes by employees with disabilities in federal agencies through analysis of the Federal Employee Viewpoint Survey (FEVS) and focus groups. The study results indicate that people with disabilities, in general, have lower perceptions of workplace attributes than their peers without disabilities; however, looking at groups differentiated by disability, military experience, and sex tells a richer story. This article incorporates the voices of agency representatives and employees with disabilities to provide additional context to the survey findings. Based on the results, the authors offer practice and policy recommendations to support improved workplace experiences and retention of employees with disabilities.
Responding to the Needs of the Whole Child: Principals’ Reports of Non-Instructional Investments During COVID-19
Authors: Rochester Shana E. , Sanders Mavis G.
Published: October 2022

From extensive school closings and abrupt transitions to distance learning in spring 2020 to varied levels of face-to-face, hybrid, and virtual learning in school year (SY) 2020–2021, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has disrupted education across the world. While several studies have examined academic changes that have occurred over the past year, fewer studies have documented changes in non-instructional investments during COVID-19 or centered principals’ perspectives. Yet, non-instructional investments that address students’ physical and socio-emotional needs are critical to a Whole Child approach to learning, and principals are essential for school change. Accordingly, this quantitative study examined principals’ reports of changes in non-instructional investments from SY 2019–2020 to SY 2020–2021 using data from a national sample of U.S. pre-kindergarten through 12th grade schools. We discuss implications of the study’s findings for expanded implementation of Whole Child reform principles post-COVID-19 and opportunities for principals to serve as change leaders.
Who’s Taking Care of the Principal: A Wellness Approach for School Principal Self-Care
Authors: Rice Lakisha Gates , Williams Regina Gavin
Published: October 2022

Principals who engage in wellness strategies can both enhance their holistic wellness and leadership abilities. These strategies may include engaging in physical activity, seeking personal counseling, having a sense of purpose, and maintaining professional and personal relationships and support systems (Visger, 2016). However, like principals, many leaders have difficulties engaging in self-care activities due to the demands in their work environments (Pignatelli, 2015). The Indivisible Self wellness model (IS-Wel; Myers & Sweeney, 2004) can serve as a conceptual foundation for recommending strategies that may aid school principals in achieving holistic wellness. This in turn can help principals engage in healthier work practices that benefit themselves and the school communities they serve. Wellness strategies for principals will be shared utilizing the IS-Wel model. Implications for future practice for school principal wellness will be explored.
The exact closed-form equations for optimal design parameters of enhanced inerter-based isolation systems
Authors: Chowdhury Sudip , Banerjee Arnab
Published: October 2022

This paper introduces the enhanced inerter-based isolation system (EIBI) to improve broadband vibration control. Using the H2 optimization method, the exact closed-form expressions for the optimal design parameters of the EIBI, such as the frequency and viscous damping ratio, have been derived analytically. The optimal frequency and viscous damping ratios of EIBI decrease as the mass ratio of the EIBI increases. For optimal design purposes, the optimal viscous damping ratio of EIBI lies between 0.20 < ζ b < 0.30, which is practically affordable and precise to implement. The exact closed-form expressions for optimal design parameters for traditional base isolators (TBI) have also been derived using the H2 method to make a fair comparison with EIBI. When the base mass ratio of TBI increases, its optimal frequency and viscous damping ratios decrease. The response reduction capacity of each optimized novel isolator was compared to the response reduction capacity of each optimized TBI. Analysis of the frequency domain demonstrates that the response reduction capacity of the proposed EIBI is significantly 2.77% and 17.46% greater than that of the TBI subjected to harmonic and random white-noise base excitations. To verify the accuracy of the optimal closed-form expressions derived for each isolator using near-field earthquake base excitations, a numerical study employing the Newmark-beta method has been conducted. Hence, the time-history analysis reveals that the displacement and acceleration reduction capacities of EIBI are significantly superior to that of the TBI subjected to near-field earthquake base excitations by 12.86% and 24.61%, respectively. The EIBI systems are cost-effective and have greater vibration reduction capacities than TBIs.
An Examination of the Role of Sluggish Cognitive Tempo as a Moderator of the Relationship Between ADHD and Nicotine Use
Authors: Rhodes Jessica D.
Published: October 2022

Objective:

ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by executive dysfunction and functional impairments including nicotine consumption. Sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) has been associated with ADHD and posited as an independent construct. The present study hypothesized that SCT would moderate the relationships between ADHD and nicotine-related behaviors.

Method:

Participants ( n = 309) were recruited using Mechanical Turk and completed measures of ADHD symptoms, SCT, and smoking history.

Results:

ADHD was associated with age of initiation of smoking and more severe withdrawal symptoms for both combustible and electronic cigarettes. SCT significantly moderated the relationship between ADHD and withdrawal symptom severity (both electronic and combustible cigarettes).

Conclusion:

The results of the present study suggest that SCT plays an important role in the complex relationship between ADHD and smoking withdrawal. Future research should further explore the construct of SCT to better understand its role in psychopathology and intervention strategies.
Ultrasonography-guided endovascular management of femoral artery pseudoaneurysm after unintended dialysis catheterization with suture-mediated vascular closure devices
Authors: Cho Hyung-jin , Jeon Chang Ho , Kim Mi-hyeong , Lee Jeong-min , Hwang Jeong-kye
Published: October 2022

Although iatrogenic pseudoaneurysm is an infrequent complication, it can be life threatening if ruptured. There are several treatment methods for managing this complication. This case report demonstrates a technique using ultrasonography-guided suture-mediated vascular closure devices without angiography to successfully treat iatrogenic superficial femoral pseudoaneurysm following an unintended hemodialysis catheter insertion. In particular, when it is difficult to use a contrast due to a patient’s condition as in this case, suture-mediated vascular closure device with ultrasonography guidance can be used as a therapeutic method.
The Politics of Mapping Religion: Locating, Counting, and Categorizing Places of Worship in European Cities
Authors: Griera Mar , Müller Tobias , Martínez-Ariño Julia
Published: October 2022

This article critically analyses the proliferation and production of what we call “religious maps” in Europe in recent years. Religious maps have emerged as a form of monitoring, describing, and representing spatial processes of (ethno-) religious diversification. Through the comparative empirical analysis of the cases of Barcelona, Hamburg, and Amsterdam, we demonstrate that maps and the knowledge formations they (re)produce have become key tools to govern religious diversity in contemporary Europe. Counting, mapping, and categorizing places of worship provides allegedly objective and stable knowledge about increasingly complex and dynamic religious practices. Religious maps also make religion “legible” for the state through the classification of places of religious practice according to historically contingent categories of religious traditions and groups and by (re)producing what Brian Harley calls “cartographic silences”. As such, the practice of mapping religions necessarily reduces the complexity of transnational and translocal social reality. This produces particular forms of intelligibility and representational hierarchy through which policy-makers and citizens in general understand religion in cities. The article shows that the analysis of the ways maps are conceived, produced, and circulated offers a distinctive lens through which to explore entanglements of knowledge, media, and power in the contemporary making of social, political, cultural, and religious landscapes.
Diverse transnational backgrounds, same master narrative? Constructions of a national past among middle-school students
Authors: van Alphen Floor , Lopez Cesar
Published: October 2022

In this study, we aimed to explore the various ways in which the past is constructed, using or tinkering with a national master narrative, by students surrounded by and immersed in contemporary transnational plurality. Specifically, we studied the permanence of or variations on the Spanish ‘reconquest’ narrative among 14 to 15-year-old students of a public school in Madrid. Semi-structured individual interviews were carried out with 30 students whose families came from Madrid, other regions in Spain and other countries around the world. We carried out a detailed narrative analysis of their constructions of the medieval past on the Iberian Peninsula and found that the ‘reconquest’ narrative still predominates. Few variations in their narratives were found that hint at counternarratives, the ‘travelling’ of narrative schema across national borders, or the transnational trajectories in their families feeding into their constructions. Given these findings, we discuss the role of alternative narrative schema and dynamic concepts of nation and national identity in challenging national master narratives.
Culture, context, and ethics in the therapeutic use of hallucinogens: Psychedelics as active super-placebos?
Authors: Dupuis David , Veissière Samuel
Published: October 2022

Following decades of prohibition and widespread concern about their mind-altering properties, there is increasing public, scholarly, and clinical interest in the therapeutic potential of psychedelic substances. Serotonergic substances in particular (DMT, psilocybin, and LSD) are now being tested as treatments for such ailments as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorder. This thematic issue of Transcultural Psychiatry presents articles that investigate the cultural assumptions, political dimensions, and clinical and ethical implications that arise from this renewed interest. After reviewing ongoing debates on therapeutic mechanisms of action and the importance of context, we argue that psychedelics can be conceptualized as “active super-placebos”—that is, substances that enhance ritual, symbolic, and interpersonal therapeutic processes by increasing suggestibility and the influence of extra-pharmacological, “non-specific” factors. Rather than simply freeing up habitual constraints on perception, the articles in this issue support the claim that psychedelic encounters typically entail processes of sense-making, crystallization of meaning, and enculturation into contextually mediated assumptive worlds (or ideologies) and behaviours that necessarily install novel constraints with potentially maladaptive consequences. We highlight the importance of clinical and epistemic integrity in the framing of psychedelic therapies. The importance of structuring and providing oversight for the therapeutic context raises difficult questions about the search for appropriate forms of epistemic authority that are at once respectful of the plural cultural origins of psychedelic rituals and mindful of best practices and standards in clinical care.
Delineating categories in verbal interaction
Authors: Bilmes Jack
Published: October 2022

The two purposes of this paper are to define the scope of the analytical concept of category and to consider the use of categories in talk. I start by discussing different ways that the concept of category is used in fields such as linguistics and philosophy and arguing that the concept should not be limited to categories of person. I then argue that for a conversation analytic approach to discourse, what is important is that an item is treated by participants either as a category with members or as a member of a category. Next, I examine how structures of categories and category members are built by participants through their talk. Finally, I consider doing definitions as a specific activity which can be accomplished in talk through the construction of categories.
Real life evaluation of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition in type 1 diabetes and the risk of diabetic ketoacidosis
Authors: Stougaard Elisabeth B , Kristensen Peter L , Kielgast Urd , Andersen Henrik U , Hamid Yasmin , Gæde Peter H , Søndergaard Esben , Dørflinger Gry H , Fjeldborg Karen K , Hansen Klavs W , Thomsen Henrik H , Al-Imar Thuraya M.J. , Røder Michael , Sridhar Vikas S , Cherney David , Rossing Peter , Persson Frederik
Published: October 2022

Background

The indication for treatment of type 1 diabetes(T1D) with the sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) dapagliflozin has been withdrawn in Europe likely because of concern for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). We calculated the incidence of DKA in people with T1D treated with SGLT2i in Denmark.

Methods

Clinical data from adults with T1D in Denmark were collected from nine outpatient clinics. Electronic health records made the search for DKA accurate.

Results

From a population of 10.500 we observed 134 people treated with SGLT2i over a total period of 222 patient-years. Of those 72% were female, mean age (SD) was 51.4 (13.6) years and median duration of treatment (median, IQR) with an SGLT2i were 12.0 (6.0–29.0) months. The incidence of DKA was zero%.

Conclusion

In 134 people with T1D treated with SGLT2i we found that none of the participants developed DKA during the treatment.
An improved dual-sink architecture with a modified media access control protocol, energy-aware, and quality-of-service guaranteed routing algorithms for wireless body area network
Authors: Ibrahim Abdullahi Abdu
Published: October 2022

To reduce frequent sensor recharging and replacement due to resource constraint, it becomes imperative to increase the management of energy and network’s quality of service. To this end, this article provides a new wireless body sensor network architecture with two sink nodes and multiple energy management and quality-of-service algorithms. The first algorithm is the normal data avoidance algorithm that is responsible for decreasing the energy usage by avoiding the transmission of normal data. Duplicate data avoidance algorithm avoid transmitting duplicate data thus saving the bandwidth and battery life. Past knowledge-based weighted routing algorithm oversees taking the ideal direction to transmit information, hence improving quality of service. Furthermore, sleep scheduling is integrated to further improve the battery life. In addition, in our proposed model, linear programming which is based on mathematical models was used to model the network lifetime maximization and continuous data transmission minimization. Through simulation in Castalia-based OMNeT++ demonstrates that our proposed work outperforms the works of quasi-sleep-preempt-supported with regard to network lifetime and delay with 50% and 30% improvement, respectively, moreover, it improves the work of critical data with respect to packet drop and throughput with 30% and 75% improvement, respectively.
Qualitative Data Requirements in the Divayana Evaluation Model
Authors: Divayana Dewa Gede Hendra , Widiartini Ni Ketut , Ratnaya I Gede
Published: October 2022

The need for qualitative data to support the evaluation process using the DIVAYANA (Description-Input-Verification-Action-Yack-Analysis-Nominate-Actualization) evaluation model is very important to obtain in-depth information about the effectiveness of e-learning platform utilization in ICT Vocational Schools. Those qualitative data are used to complete the evaluation process for the eight components of the DIVAYANA evaluation model. The eight components included Description component, Input component, Verification component, Action component, Yack component, Analysis component, Nominate component, and Actualization component. The main purpose of this study was to show the qualitative data needed in each evaluation component of the DIVAYANA evaluation model. The tools used to obtain qualitative data on the eight components of the DIVAYANA evaluation model were interview guidelines, checklists, and literature studies. This study approach was qualitative. The technique used to test the qualitative data validity in this study was theoretical triangulation. The findings of this study were the qualitative data needed in each component of the DIVAYANA evaluation model to show the effectiveness of e-learning platform utilization in ICT Vocational Schools. The findings of this study have a positive contribution to the evaluation process in the field of education, especially in strengthening the correctness of the quantitative data results which are usually obtained in the evaluation process. The novelty of this study is the presentation of qualitative data on the yack component, analysis component, and nominate component which does not have by other evaluation models.
Evaluation of CORIN in patients with heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jiang Nianxin , Jiang Bing , Zhang Xuan , Yong Wei , Zhuang Shaowei
Published: October 2022

Objectives: We aim to evaluate the association between CORIN and heart failure.

Methods: This study used PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane database, and China National Knowledge Database (CNKI) to search for CORIN-related full-text articles with heart failure patients. We drew forest plots, performed sensitivity and bias analyses based on the included data. Next, we used Review Manager 5.2 software to assess the heterogeneity among selected articles.

Results: Our meta-analysis results showed there was significant relationship between CORIN and heart failure (HF). There was significant difference of CORIN between heart failure group and control group (MD = −293.88, 95% confidence interval [-380.26, −207.49], p < .00001; heterogeneity p < .0001, I2= 97%) and there was significant difference in CORIN between ischemic group and non-ischemic group (MD = 88.79, 95% confidence interval [70.46107.12], heterogeneity p < .000, p = 0.94, l2= 0%). In subgroup analysis, there were significant differences in three different HF levels. Limited publication bias was observed, and this study was robust.

Conclusion: In short, the results showed that CORIN was closely related with heart failure and might be helpful in the diagnosis of heart failure.
Experimental study and numerical analysis of radiative losses of single-channel solar chimney
Authors: Torres-Aguilar CE , Arce J , Xamán J , Macias-Melo EV
Published: October 2022

Solar chimneys provide natural ventilation for buildings, reducing the energy consumption of mechanical systems. Therefore, analyzing energy losses through solar chimney components and inlet/outlet of air channel is critical to develop a suitable design for this passive ventilation system. In this study, the performance and energy losses analysis of a single-channel solar chimney (SC-SOCH) is described; a parametric study under laboratory conditions was conducted regarding the air gap (0.10, 0.15, and 0.20 m) and heat flux of absorber plate (100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 Wm−2). The energy losses were analyzed with temperature sensors, heat flow transducers, and a net radiation transfer model. The parametric study results showed that between 10% and 15% of the total energy supplied to the absorber plate was dissipated to the laboratory environment through the glass cover. Furthermore, combining the different thermal insulation layers on the backside of the absorber plate and sidewalls of the air channel permitted only energy losses below 8% of the total energy supplied. The highest energy losses occurred due to radiative exchange; the radiative losses through the inlet and outlet of the air channel were between 9.38% and 25.78% of the total energy supplied. However, the radiative energy loss rate decreased as airflow increased; the volumetric flow rate was from 34.11 to 94.92 m3h−1, which was enough to satisfy the requirements of total ventilation rate for spaces of 9, 18, and 36 m2 according to ASHRAE 62.2–2019. Therefore, solar chimney designs must be optimized to minimize energy losses and increase airflow for natural ventilation.
Clash of sports organization cultures: Differences in table tennis training and coach–athlete relationships between China and Poland
Authors: Lenartowicz Michał
Published: October 2022

This study focused on Chinese-origin table tennis athletes and cross-national comparisons of sports organization cultures with respect to perceived differences in the training process, competition, and coach–athlete relationships between China and Poland. Interviewed Chinese players and Polish coaches reported adaptation problems of Chinese athletes in Poland and numerous differences in table tennis training, organizational culture, and player–coach relations. Chinese athletes were used to a highly disciplined sports environment and formal relationships with coaches. Most of them reported work experiences in Poland as confounding factors in the organization of the training system and the coach–athlete relationships. These relationships were a source of coaching problems, as well as frustration among athletes. Presented cross-national analyses reveal some of the hidden aspects of sports migrations and the impact of cultural differences. The increasing globalization of sports shows that cultural differences should be considered in coaching education, and intercultural competency should be part of coaches’ continuous professional development.
Perceptions and approaches of golf coaches towards strength and conditioning activities for youth golfers
Authors: Shaw James , Gould Zachariah I , Oliver Jon L , Lloyd Rhodri S
Published: October 2022

Golfers who want to improve their technical proficiency will undoubtedly hire a swing coach who may also influence and give advice on how the golfer can improve outside of technical enhancement (i.e. strength and conditioning, warm-ups, cool-downs etc.). With research examining the effects of strength and conditioning on youth golfers beginning to materialise, it is important to ascertain golf coaches’ perceptions of strength and conditioning, warm-ups and cool-downs and how they are utilised with youth golfers. Fifty Professional Golfers’ Association Professionals and Assistant Professionals completed an online questionnaire on their perceptions of, and approaches to, strength and conditioning, warm-up and cool-down activities for youth golfers. Data indicated that 84% and 80% of coaches perceived strength and conditioning could enhance golf swing performance and reduce the risk of injury, respectively. Although all coaches agreed golfers aged 18 years and under can take part in strength and conditioning activities, there was no consensus on when a golfer should start strength and conditioning activities, with most coaches unaware of the existing guidelines surrounding youth resistance training. Warm-ups are perceived by coaches to be beneficial for youth golfers with > 75% of coaches stating their players completed a warm-up, however, the modes of exercise coaches deemed suitable for a warm-up were varied. Cool-downs were deemed beneficial for aiding recovery post-round, yet over half of coaches selected their players did not habitually complete one. Findings from the questionnaire highlight that although perceptions towards strength and conditioning, warm-ups and cool-downs are positive, educational solutions to disseminate the underlying contemporary guidelines and practical applications to coaches and players are required.
Athlete burnout and perfectionism in objectively and subjectively assessed sports
Authors: Hassmén Peter , Webb Kyra , Stevens Christopher J
Published: October 2022

When athletes are burning out, performance decreases whereas exhaustion and devaluation increases. Athletes with perfectionistic tendencies may be at greater risk for burnout than those with lower levels. But are there any differences between athletes participating in objectively assessed sports (utilizing unbiased measures, such as time, e.g. swimming) and athletes participating in subjectively assessed sports (relying on coach feedback, competition judges, or internal perceptions to gauge performance, e.g. competitive dancing)? A total of 108 athletes (including 53 athletes in objectively assessed and 55 athletes in subjectively assessed sports) completed the Sport Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale-2 and the Athlete Burnout Questionnaire. Significant relationships were detected between perfectionism and burnout; negative dimensions of perfectionism were more strongly correlated with burnout. However, no significant differences were observed between the sports groupings, either on perfectionism or burnout. This study suggests that perfectionistic concerns are positively associated with athlete burnout, regardless of the athlete's sport being objectively or subjectively assessed.
Effect of Virtual Reality News Presentation on News Learning
Authors: Lo Wai Han , Cheng Benjamin Ka Lun , Wang Shiqi
Published: October 2022

This is the first study in which the effects of viewing VR/360-degree video with and without a Cardboard device on news learning outcomes are examined. Cognitive load theory and the dual-coding hypothesis were adopted as the theoretical framework. An experiment was performed with 213 participants watching news clips. The findings show that the participants learned news information better from normal broadcast video or when they watched VR/360-degree video without a Cardboard device than when they watched VR/360-degree video with a Cardboard device. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
Offering false security: How the draft artificial intelligence act undermines fundamental workers rights
Authors: Cefaliello Aude , Kullmann Miriam
Published: October 2022

In April 2021, the European Commission published its first draft of the Proposal for a Regulation on Artificial Intelligence. Since AI in the work context has increasingly become important in organising work and managing workers, the AI Act will undoubtedly have an impact on EU and national labour law systems. One aim of the proposal is to guarantee ‘consistency with existing Union legislation applicable to sectors where high-risk Artificial Intelligence systems are already used or likely to be used in the near future’, which includes the EU social acquis. It could be argued that ensuring true consistency with EU law means guaranteeing that the way the AI Act will be implemented and applied will still allow the other pieces of EU labour law to fulfil their purpose. It is undeniable that the implementation of the AI Act will overlap with various fields of EU law, especially considering the increasing use of AI technology at work. Thus, this article seeks to identify ways to refine the AI Act, insofar as it impacts work. The contribution discusses the current AI Act as proposed in April 2021, thereby focusing on two particular areas, EU non-discrimination law and EU law on occupational health and safety (OSH), as these two areas are, more or less explicitly, addressed as legal fields in the AI Act. The article starts with taking the perspective of EU labour law influencing the development of AI systems used in the employment context. We argue that providers should respect EU labour law throughout the development of the AI system (section 2). Then, the areas where EU labour law and the AI overlap are identified, thereby viewing it from an employer's perspective, i.e., the user of the AI system (section 3). Using two specific EU labour law areas (the right not to be discriminated against and the right to healthy and safe working conditions) the article provides a first assessment of how the AI Act might influence work and the regulation thereof (section 4). Finally, the conclusion critically explores whether and to what extent AI in employment situations warrants particular attention (section 5).
Commuting demands and appraisals: A systematic review and meta-analysis of strain and wellbeing outcomes
Authors: Murphy Lauren D. , Cobb Haley R. , Rudolph Cort W. , Zacher Hannes
Published: October 2022

Research on commuting to work and its potential consequences for employee strain and wellbeing has accumulated across various disciplines. However, this has led to a narrow research scope with wide methodological variability. An integration of this literature is needed to understand the breadth of the commuting experience and interpret heterogeneous findings. Extending the transactional stress model, we propose that commuting is a demand that can have both negative and positive effects on outcomes through commuting appraisals. We present a systematic review (k = 109 studies) and meta-analysis (k = 39 studies) of these relationships. Our systematic review finds partial support for our hypotheses, and our meta-analysis suggests that objective commuting demands are positively associated with strain outcomes (r ̅_xy = .089; especially perceived stress, r ̅_xy = .153), but unrelated to wellbeing outcomes. Subjective commuting appraisals are unrelated to strain or wellbeing outcomes. We conclude with recommendations for methodological improvements and implications for research and practice.

Plain language summary

Commuting is a nearly ubiquitous part of contemporary employment. Over the last several decades, empirical research on commuting has accumulated across various disciplines. Our systematic review and meta-analysis take stock of relationships regarding commuting demands, appraisals of commuting, and strainand wellbeing-related outcomes. The results of the qualitative review indicate that there are both positive and negative implications of commuting. Commuting demands are related to favorable and unfavorable appraisals, and commuting demands are also related to both strain and wellbeing outcomes. However, the result of our quantitative meta-analysis suggests that time spent commuting is positively associated with strain outcomes, but unrelated to wellbeing outcomes. Subjective commuting appraisals are unrelated to strain and wellbeing outcomes. We outline implications for future research (e.g., commuting's role in boundary management), highlight methodological challenges (e.g., variability in reporting), and provide recommendations for practice (e.g., offer resources that mitigate consequences of commuting).
Forms and scenes of attachment: A cultural geography of promises
Authors: Anderson Ben
Published: October 2022

Attachment is everywhere and nowhere in contemporary cultural geography. Cultural geography is full of relations that look like attachments. But attachment as a concept is mostly absent, used interchangeably with association, connection or simply relation per se. In this article, I respond to dissatisfaction with the flattening effects of the relational turn by arguing for a cultural geography orientated to attachments. Engaging with the work of Lauren Berlant and other feminist and queer theory in dialogue with actor-network theory, I conceptualise attachments as enduring trajectories that ‘bring closer’ something which comes to feel necessary to a way of life. This means that ‘objects’ of attachment – whether a person or a place, a song or a nation or anything else – come to be encountered as promises. To understand the (de/re)composition of attachments, this paper offers two concepts. Forms of attachment are arrangements that make available promises to be attached to. They channel the optimism of attachment. The presence of the promissory object intensifies in scenes of attachment – everyday space-times of limited duration which give an affective push to forms of attachment. The result of orientating inquiry to forms and scenes of attachment is a cultural geography of promises.
Single-center surgical site infection rate after peripheral ECMO decannulation and surgical repair
Authors: Haddad Paul , Chasin Cara , Xu Jiaqiong , Peden Eric , Rahimi Maham
Published: October 2022

Objective:

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is used to provide heart–lung bypass support in cases of acute respiratory and cardiac failure. The two main classifications of ECMO are venoarterial (VA) and venovenous (VV). After the patient recovers from an acute state, ECMO decannulation from the groin often requires femoral exploration and vessel repair. This study was performed to quantify the rate of surgical site infection (SSI) after ECMO decannulation.

Methods:

Retrospective single-institutional review of patients requiring ECMO from January 2016 to October 2019 was conducted. The study examined incidence of SSI. We evaluated preoperative risk factors, VA versus VV ECMO, Szilagyi infection score, and postoperative management.

Results:

Initial search began with 176 ECMO cases, of which 106 patients were deceased before development of any infection. Eighteen were eliminated because of central ECMO access, and four were lost to chart privacy. Of the 154 patients requiring femoral ECMO, 48 (31%) survived, with 22 VA and 26 VV ECMO. Twelve patients were classified as infected, resulting in an overall SSI rate of 25%. Surgical repair of the femoral arterial cannulation site was required in the 22 VA ECMO patients, and 10 of these became infected, resulting in an infection rate of 45%. The remaining two infected were VV ECMO and did not require surgery. The VV ECMO SSI rate was 7.7%. The infected group of VA ECMO consisted of eight primary surgical repairs and two patch repairs. Eight of the patients required multiple reoperations and two required antibiotics and wound care alone. There was no instance of limb loss. Statistical analysis showed intraoperative transfusion of >250 ml and blood loss of >300 ml as the only predictive factors of infection. The Szilagyi score was found to be worse in patients requiring patch angioplasty.

Conclusion:

Surgical repair of ECMO arterial cannulation sites had postoperative SSIs in nearly half of the patients (45%). The VV ECMO SSI rate was found to be 7.7%. Severity of infection was worse in more complicated repairs. Overall ECMO mortality was high at 69%. Although we found no clear correlation with common risk factors, transfusions >250 ml and blood loss >300 ml were found to be predictive. Vascular surgeons should be aware of high risk of SSI with repair of femoral ECMO cannulation sites.
How staff act and what they experience in relation to the autonomy of older adults with physical impairments living in nursing homes
Authors: van Loon Jolande , Janssen Meriam , Janssen Bienke , de Rooij Ietje , Luijkx Katrien
Published: October 2022

Autonomy is important for people, even when they have physical impairments and are living in nursing homes. The way staff respond to residents is important for the realisation of autonomy. In order to gain knowledge about what nursing home staff, registered and assistant nurses, occupational therapists and nutritional assistants do and experience in relation to the autonomy of residents, a qualitative study design was chosen. Shadowing, a non-participatory observation method, was used. A total of 15 staff members of a care unit from two different nursing homes participated. Short interviews followed these observations to reflect on intentions of observed activities. The COREQ guidelines were used to report on the study. Four activities to enhance autonomy were identified: getting to know each older adult as a person and responding to his/her needs; encouraging an older adult to perform self-care; stimulating an older adult to make choices; and being aware of interactions. The exploration showed that staff considered it important to strengthen autonomy of older adults living in nursing homes and that they used different activities related to autonomy. However, activities could both enhance as well as hinder autonomy.
Adolescents’ experiences living with type 1 diabetes mellitus: A scoping review
Authors: Eines Trude F. , Kieczka Emilia A. , Klungnes Sunniva H. , Johnsen Trond A. , Grønvik Cecilie K. U.
Published: October 2022

It is estimated that 1.1 million children and adolescents worldwide currently live with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), and the occurrence of T1DM is increasing worldwide. The aim of this scoping review was to explore adolescents’ experiences living with T1DM. This scoping review is reported in line with the PRISMA ScR checklist and undertaken using the steps recommended by Kazi et al. Database searches were conducted in Ovid Medline, Ovid Nursing, CINAHL and Google Scholar. A total of 12 studies were included and thematically analysed. The adolescents experienced negative emotions, such as fear, anxiety, irritation, sadness and feeling different from their peers, which disrupted their lives. Adapted support from parents, friends and healthcare professionals is crucial for adolescents coping with T1DM. Diabetes specialist nurses (DSNs) and further research should address medical treatment and consider the psychological aspects of adolescents living with T1DM that affect their self-identity and self-confidence.
Psoriasis in Northern Saudi Arabia: Clinical features and implications for quality of life
Authors: Bayomy Hanaa E , Albedaiwi Yousef , Alabdulatif Sarah Khudhayr A , Almutairi Fai Sultan F , Aloufi Fadiyah Abdulrahman S , Alruwaili Rahaf Hussein A , Salama Basem , Alenezy Awwad
Published: October 2022

Introduction:

Psoriasis is a chronic non-contagious inflammatory skin disorder, which might impair patient’s social relationships, limit leisure activities, and lower self-esteem. Psoriasis patients might be stigmatized leading to psychological disorders such as anxiety and depression.

Objectives:

This study aimed to outline the clinical features of psoriasis and its effects on quality of life, and the feeling of stigmatization among psoriasis patients.

Methods:

This cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted on 109 adult psoriasis patients in Arar City, Saudi Arabia. The study collected data on socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of psoriasis patients, self-reported psoriasis severity using the self-assessment Simplified Psoriasis Index (sa-SPI-s), patients’ quality of life using the dermatological life quality index (DLQI), and the feeling of stigmatization using the six-items stigmatization scale.

Results:

The mean age of psoriasis onset in studied patients was 20 (±7.65) years, females represented 58.72%, and 22% were unemployed. Joint and nail affection were reported in 46.79% and 51.38%, respectively. One third of patients had positive family history of psoriasis. Seasonal variation, life stressors, smoking and skin injuries were frequent provocative factors for psoriasis lesions. The average sa-SPI-s was 10.08 (±10.41), which was correlated with patients’ ages, disease duration, obesity, and pruritis. The average DLQI and six-items stigmatization scale for psoriasis patients were 8.95 (±5.77) and 7.61 (±4.5), respectively that were correlated with sa-SPI-s.

Conclusion:

The clinical manifestations and chronicity of psoriasis impaired patients’ quality of life and accompanied with social stigma due to skin disfigurement. These effects need to be addressed for better care of patients.
Atrial fibrillation in cryptogenic stroke and TIA patients in The Nordic Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke (NOR-FIB) Study: Main results
Authors: Ratajczak-Tretel B , Tancin Lambert A , Al-Ani R , Arntzen K , Bakkejord GK , Bekkeseth HMO , Bjerkeli V , Eldøen G , Gulsvik A , Halvorsen B , Høie GA , Ihle-Hansen H , Ihle-Hansen H , Ingebrigtsen S , Johansen H , Kremer C , Krogseth SB , Kruuse C , Kurz M , Nakstad I , Novotny V , Næss H , Qazi R , Rezaj MK , Rørholt DM , Steffensen LH , Sømark J , Tobro H , Truelsen TC , Wassvik L , Ægidius KL , Atar D , Aamodt AH
Published: October 2022

Introduction:

Secondary stroke prevention depends on proper identification of the underlying etiology and initiation of optimal treatment after the index event. The aim of the NOR-FIB study was to detect and quantify underlying atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with cryptogenic stroke (CS) or transient ischaemic attack (TIA) using insertable cardiac monitor (ICM), to optimise secondary prevention, and to test the feasibility of ICM usage for stroke physicians.

Patients and methods:

Prospective observational international multicenter real-life study of CS and TIA patients monitored for 12 months with ICM (Reveal LINQ) for AF detection.

Results:

ICM insertion was performed in 91.5% by stroke physicians, within median 9 days after index event. Paroxysmal AF was diagnosed in 74 out of 259 patients (28.6%), detected early after ICM insertion (mean 48 ± 52 days) in 86.5% of patients. AF patients were older (72.6 vs 62.2; p < 0.001), had higher pre-stroke CHA₂DS₂-VASc score (median 3 vs 2; p < 0.001) and admission NIHSS (median 2 vs 1; p = 0.001); and more often hypertension ( p = 0.045) and dyslipidaemia ( p = 0.005) than non-AF patients. The arrhythmia was recurrent in 91.9% and asymptomatic in 93.2%. At 12-month follow-up anticoagulants usage was 97.3%.

Discussion and conclusions:

ICM was an effective tool for diagnosing underlying AF, capturing AF in 29% of the CS and TIA patients. AF was asymptomatic in most cases and would mainly have gone undiagnosed without ICM. The insertion and use of ICM was feasible for stroke physicians in stroke units.
Potential of Natural Honey in Controlling Obesity and its Related Complications
Authors: Zulkifli Muhammad Faiz , Radzi Mohd Naim Fadhli Mohd , Saludes Jonel P. , Dalisay Doralyn S. , Ismail Wan Iryani Wan
Published: October 2022

Honey has a long history of therapeutic properties for multiple diseases, including inflammation and oxidative stress. This review aimed to provide a better understanding and renewed interest in the potential role of honey in obesity control, obesity-related diseases treatment and weight management, with specific reference to its components and the effect of honey overall. There is compelling evidence that honey possesses the desired properties for this purpose, as seen in the in vitro, in silico, in vivo and clinical analyses discussed in this review. This review also highlights the components potentially responsible for the health benefits of honey. Honey and its components reduce blood sugar levels, improve insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism by reducing triglycerides, and reduce total cholesterol and LDL levels while increasing HDL levels that prevent excessive weight gain and reduce the risk of obesity and its complications. Further controlled studies are necessary to validate the role of honey in the management of obesity, both as a preventive and as a therapeutic agent.
Hybrid Knot and Knotless Suture Anchor Repair for Patellar Tendon Rupture
Authors: Ezeokoli Ekene U. , Sutton Daniel , Shybut Theodore B.
Published: October 2022

Background:

Patellar tendon ruptures are the third-most common injury involving the knee extensor mechanism. They typically occur in men under 40 years old as a result of eccentric quadriceps contraction while the knee is flexed and the foot is planted.1 The optimal treatment is surgical repair within 2 weeks of injury to prevent scar formation, degeneration, and loss of tendon excursion.

Indications:

Operative management is generally indicated for patellar tendon ruptures. In this case, a physically active, healthy 24-year-old man presented with acute pain, extensor lag, and patella alta related to a basketball injury. He was diagnosed with acute patellar tendon rupture/extensor mechanism disruption and indicated for surgery.

Technique description:

We describe a technique for primary patellar tendon repair which uses both knot-based and knotless suture anchor fixation. Using a pulley effect, sutures in the inferior patellar anchors are used to reduce and repair the patellar tendon back to its bony origin. Patellar anchor-based tapes and a suprapatellar traction suture are affixed with knotless anchors to the proximal tibia to reinforce the repair. Anchor-based suture limbs are used to repair the medial and lateral retinacula.

Results:

The senior authors’ experience with this technique has been excellent restoration of extensor mechanism function, with rehabilitation permitting early range of motion and no major complications or failures. This patient returned to unassisted activities of daily living between 8 and 12 weeks and had returned to gym workouts and recreational sports at 12 months.

Discussion/conclusion:

Biomechanical studies have demonstrated that compared with transosseous repair, suture anchor repair decreases gap formation and improves ultimate load to failure. Advantages of suture anchor repair include smaller incision, less tissue dissection, shorter operative time, and improved repair biomechanics. Our technique follows a principle of tendon repair using a high number of suture and tape limbs to span the repair. In addition, this technique incorporates a “double row” of suture anchors and spans the primary repair with a suture and tape “internal brace.” The author(s) attests that consent has been obtained from any patient(s) appearing in this publication. If the individual may be identifiable, the author(s) has included a statement of release or other written form of approval from the patient(s) with this submission for publication.
The Failure of Rachel H.: Practical Steps to Desegregating Special Education Systems
Authors: Elder Brent C. , Borrelle Robert J.
Published: October 2022

This practitioner-oriented article uses the vignette of “David,” a disabled Student of Color, to discuss practical steps to desegregate special education systems in the United States. California students seeking inclusion through the courts have had little success under the least restrictive environment test articulated in Rachel H. v. Sacramento City Unified School District (1994). We argue that the Rachel H. test has favored students with the means to unilaterally secure inclusive placements and pursue litigation over those from marginalized communities languishing in restrictive placements. Then, we offer practical steps to reform special education infrastructure in three areas: (a) family and student engagement; (b) evidence-based school and classroom practices; and (c) professional learning for educators.