bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analytical Review of Intelligent Intrusion Detection Systems Based on Federated Learning: Advantages and Open Challenges
Authors: Novikova Evgenia , Fedorchenko Elena , Kotenko Igor , Kholod Ivan
Published: September 2023

To provide an accurate and timely response to different types of attacks, intrusion detection systems collect and analyze a large amount of data, which may include information with limited access, such as personal data or trade secrets. Consequently, such systems can be seen as an additional source of risks associated with handling sensitive information and breaching its security. Applying the federated learning paradigm to build analytical models for attack and anomaly detection can significantly reduce such risks because locally generated data is not transmitted to any third party, and model training is done locally - on the data sources. Using federated training for intrusion detection solves the problem of training on data that belongs to different organizations, and which, due to the need to protect commercial or other secrets, cannot be placed in the public domain. Thus, this approach also allows us to expand and diversify the set of data on which machine learning models are trained, thereby increasing the level of detectability of heterogeneous attacks. Due to the fact that this approach can overcome the aforementioned problems, it is actively used to design new approaches for intrusion and anomaly detection. The authors systematically explore existing solutions for intrusion and anomaly detection based on federated learning, study their advantages, and formulate open challenges associated with its application in practice. Particular attention is paid to the architecture of the proposed systems, the intrusion detection methods and models used, and approaches for modeling interactions between multiple system users and distributing data among them are discussed. The authors conclude by formulating open problems that need to be solved in order to apply federated learning-based intrusion detection systems in practice.
Software for Automated Recognition and Digitization of Archive Data of Aurora Optical Observations
Authors: Vorobev Andrei , Lapin Alexander , Vorobeva Gulnara
Published: September 2023

One of the main tools for recording auroras is the optical observation of the sky in automatic mode using all-sky cameras. The results of observations are recorded in special mnemonic tables, ascaplots. Ascaplots provide daily information on the presence or absence of cloud cover and auroras in various parts of the sky and are traditionally used to study the daily distribution of auroras in a given spatial region, as well as to calculate the probability of their observation in other regions in accordance with the level of geomagnetic activity. At the same time, the processing of ascaplots is currently carried out manually, which is associated with significant time costs and a high proportion of errors due to the human factor. To increase the efficiency of ascaplot processing, we propose an approach that automates the recognition and digitization of data from optical observations of auroras. A formalization of the ascaplot structure is proposed, which is used to process the ascaplot image, extract the corresponding observation results, and form the resulting data set. The approach involves the use of machine vision algorithms and the use of a specialized mask - a debug image for digitization, which is a color image in which the general position of the ascaplot cells is specified. The proposed approach and the corresponding algorithms are implemented in the form of software that provides recognition and digitization of archival data from optical observations of auroras. The solution is a single-user desktop software that allows the user to convert ascaplot images into tables in batch mode, available for further processing and analysis. The results of the computational experiments have shown that the use of the proposed software will make it possible to avoid errors in the digitization of ascaplots, on the one hand, and significantly increase the speed of the corresponding computational operations, on the other. Taken together, this will improve the efficiency of processing ascaplots and conducting research in the relevant area.
Pro dan Kontra Penerapan Sistem Informasi Partai Politik pada Pemilu 2024 di Indonesia
Authors: Khairiyah Miftahul , Rahmawati Dian Eka , Purwaningsih Titin
Published: September 2023

This research looks at the Pros and Cons that occur due to the use of SIPOL in the Registration of Political Parties in the 2024 Election in the mass media. What substance is being debated and how are the actors involved? Qualitative descriptive research method by means of literature studies. The research findings show that the pros and cons involved actors, namely the election organizers of the KPU and Bawaslu, then political and election observers as well as election contestants, namely political parties. Actors who are pro against SIPOL think that this is a necessity as a modernization of political parties and elections following technological advances, while those who are against SI-POL focus on transparency and openness carried out by the KPU in presenting data so that it is more transparent to the public.
Penelitian ini melihat Pro dan Kontra yang terjadi  karena pengunaan SIPOL dalam Pendaftaran Partai Politik pada Pemilu ta­hun 2024 di media masa. subtansi apa yang menjadi perdebatan dan bagai­ma­na keterlibatan para aktor. Metode Penelitian deskriptif kuali­ta­tif dengan cara studi literatur. Temuan penelitian bahwan pro kontra terjadi melibatkan aktor yaitu pihak penyelenggara Pe­mi­lu KPU dan BAWASLU kemudian pihak pengamat Politik dan Pemilu ser­ta Peserta Pemilu yaitu Partai Politik. Aktor Yang Pro tehadap SIPOL menggangap ini merupakan keharusan sebagai modernisasi Partai Politik dan Pemilu mengikuti kemajuan Teknologi sedangkan yang Kontra terhadap SI­POL menitikberatkan bagaimana transparansi dan keterbukaan yang dila­ku­kan KPU dalam menyajikan data agar lebih transparan kepada publik
Implementasi dan Implikasi Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Sampang Nomor 7 Tahun 2019 tentang Madrasah Diniyah Takmiliyah
Authors: Ismail Ismail , Zainullah Zainullah , Tamam Nurul
Published: September 2023

This study refers to qualitative research methods, the data analysis was carried out by means of data reduction, data presentation, and veri­fica­tion and drawing conclusions. This research resulted in: (1) Implemen­tation of this regional regulation in the form of: (a) Provision of Assis­tance for Organizing Diniyah Education and Private Teachers (BPP­DGS); (b) Madrasah diniyah stakeholder synergy; and (c) Community In­vol­vement in Strategic Policy Formulation; (2) This regional regu­la­tion has implications for madrasah diniyah in the form of: (a) insti­tu­ti­onal strengthening; (b) improving the quality of learning processes and outcomes; and (c) to become an instrument for realizing the vision and mission of the Sampang government "Sampang Hebat Bermartabat".
Penelitian tentang implementasi dan implikasi perda Kabupaten Sam­pang No 7 tahun 2019 tentang Madrasah Diniyah Takmiliyah mengacu pada metode penelitian kualitatif, analisis data dilakukan dengan cara reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi dan penarikan kesimpulan. Penelitian ini menghasilkan: (1) Implementasi kebijakan perda ini da­lam bentuk: (a) Pemberian Bantuan Penyelenggaraan Pendidikan Di­niyah dan Guru Swasta (BPPDGS); (b) Sinergi stake holders madrasah diniyah; dan (c) Keterlibatan Masyarakat dalam Perumusan Kebijakan Strategis; (2) Perda ini berimplikasi terhadap madrasah diniyah dalam bentuk: (a) penguatan institusi; (b) peningkatan kualitas proses dan ha­sil pembelajaran; dan (c) menjadi instrumen perwujudan visi misi pemerintah Kabupaten Sampang “Sampang Hebat Bermartabat”
Analisis Digital Media Ethnography terhadap Tantangan Akademik dan Sosial-Ekonomi Mahasiswa atas Pembelajaran di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Muzakki Akh
Published: September 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic has expanded from just a health problem to also a social, economic and educational matter. This article examines the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the psycho-academic and socio-economic resilience of students at the same time. Students' combinative resilience to the two broad ranges of problems relies on their different responses to challenges of online learning during the pandemic period. By means of digital media ethnography over the substance of the materials presented by students in their own creative work of pamphlets produced as a final assignment for the Sociology of Education course in the so-called “even semester” of the 20019/2020 academic year, this article argues that the Covid-19 pandemic has had diverse impacts relating not only with the health dimension, but also with psycho-academic and socio-economic one in a combination. It further finds that the Covid-19 pandemic has given rise to psychological pressures along with socio-economic anxieties due to the academic-socio-economic strains faced by students in taking online learning during the pandemic. It also goes on to find that psychological pressures and socio-economic anxieties resulting from the ongoing pandemic of the Covid-19 have manifested themselves together in the form of saturation and a fairly high level of fatigue as well as a decrease in the socio-financial resilience of students during the online learning.
Feminism and the Changing of Sociological Perspectives on Women
Authors: Siregar Wahidah Zein Br
Published: September 2023

Women are part of society. Therefore, it is a precondition that they become part of discussions in sociology. How does this discipline see women? This paper aims to respond to two research questions: How did sociologists, particularly in the classic era, talk about women? What is influence of feminism to the study on women in sociology? To answer these two questions, I conduct a library research by reading and analyzing literatures relevant to the topic. Some aspects that become my attention are the perspectives of classic sociologists on women, respond of feminists to them, and changes that happen in sociology as the result of those feminists’ challenges. My reading on those literatures shows that in its early development, sociologists perceived women as inferior individuals in society. Feminism, in particular the second wave of feminism brings significant influences to those views. Sociology at present time places women in more egalitarian position. Studies on women in sociology also develop significantly.
Budaya Kreatif Mahasiswa di Masa Pandemi Covid-19; Sebuah Fenomena Kehidupan Sosial Mahasiswa FISIP UINSA
Authors: Setiyani Wiwik , Suhartini Rr
Published: September 2023

The covid-19 pandemic did not cause a negative effect to student life. On the other hand, it brings the creativity to erase the boredom. Studying at home fosters a variety of student creativity to create a good works, in the form of writing or raising the skill in cooking, sewing, gardening, and so on. Those social phenomenon is a form of creative culture that comes in the middle of pandemic era. Student creativity is an interaction between the three forces, first, storing and delivering cultural ideas of faith in the next generation. Second, the social system which contains of behavior, values and information (memes). Third, the individual who brings the transformation unit into the social-cultural domain. This article is focused on the creative culture of scholar in FISIP UINSA to response the pandemic of covid-19. The methodology that used in this article based on the result of scholar ethnography survey through Google form. The interaction of scholar in social media bring the change in behavior to be able communicating with other people. Blog becomes the media to share the creativity by creating the positive content. Creative culture is a reflection of student who can use the time wisely to continue their creativity to be more valuable and meaningful. It because the creativity comes from the interaction between individual, social and cultural system that appear as a community life.
Budaya Islam Sub-Urban: Studi Sosio-kultural Tradisi Upacara di Desa Candipari Kecamatan Porong Sidoarjo
Authors: Syam Nur , Nurhalizah Mevy Eka
Published: September 2023

This study tries to answer how the local traditions of the people of Candipari Village with a socio-cultural approach. The method used is descriptive qualitative with interviews and documentation as data collection techniques. Based on the theory of social construction, it is known that the socio-cultural reality is constructed by the view of Hinduism. Ceremonial traditions are influenced by local culture, the traditions of our ancestors, and global cultures such as religion. In the process of externalization, a process of fusion between the two cultures occurs, namely the tradition of ancestors and Islam, which causes objectification in the form of Islamization of social reality and the loss of the caste system, and in the process of internalization is to preserve these local traditions to the present. Then the researcher examines the theory of social action. The local tradition is included in the type of Wert Rational or rational action based on values, namely the value of belief in God about salvation, and the type of Traditional Action which is social action based on past traditions. Then, in relation to the concept of collaborative Islam, the tradition of using the Pari Temple as a cultural space for the gathering of village communities, this is because not all village communities are Muslim. The tradition is also still preserved as a legacy of ancestors even though it has become a local Islamic tradition. This is a form of social construction of agents or elders towards ordinary people through continuous communication.
Pandemi Covid-19 dan Ekspresi Beragama: Studi Pelaksanaan Majelis Taklim di Kota Banjarmasin
Authors: Wahdini Muhammad , Ariyadi Ariyadi , Abdillah Muhammad Torieq
Published: September 2023

One of the efforts made by the government spread and stop the Covid-19 pandemic is to limit various community activities. The religious expression sector is also experiencing restrictions, religious activities must carry out standardization of health protocols. The Banjarmasin City Government has implemented PSBB and PPKM as a follow-up to the Central Government. This has serious consequences for the religious expression of the people of Banjarmasin, which is dominated by Muslims and has an active and high religious culture. Expressions of diversity such as the majelis taklim for the people of Banjarmasin City are like a culture that is taboo to be eliminated, so there is a contradiction between the Covid-19 pandemic and religious expressions that are carried out. This study aims to determine the compatibility between das sollen and das sein and to find out the effectiveness of the implementation of Banjarmasin City Government policies in efforts to handle Covid-19, especially in the sector of limiting religious expression. The method used is an approach that can be chosen and used by researchers, namely a qualitative approach. The findings of this study are the fact that the Banjarmasin City Government Policy when issuing PSBB and PPKM instructions tends to be obeyed by majelis taklim managers, but after the PSBB and PPKM are finished even though the Covid-19 pandemic is still ongoing, majelis taklim in Banjarmasin City continues and some findings are still there. Majelis taklim that does not meet strict health protocol standards.
Pengikut Manhaj Salaf di Tengah Gempuran Modernitas
Authors: Nazwa Ninung Farihani
Published: September 2023

Masalah yang diteliti dalam skripsi ini adalah: Bagaimana para pengikut manhaj salaf di Majelis Ta’lim Ummahat di Kelurahan Semolowaru Kecamatan Sukolilo Kota Surabaya menghadapi gempuran modernitas.
Untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut, penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Metode ini dipilih agar diperoleh data penelitian yang bersifat mendalam dan menyeluruh mengenai cara para pengikut manhaj salaf di Majelis Ta’lim Ummahat di Kelurahan Semolowaru Kecamatan Sukolilo Kota Surabaya menghadapi gempuran modernitas. Data yang diperoleh kemudian disajikan secara deskriptif dan analisis dengan Teori Konstruksi Sosial Peter L. Berger.
Dari hasil penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa cara pengikut manhaj salaf yang tergabung dalam Majelis Ta’lim Ummahat Masjid Ibrohim Bin Muhammad menghadapi modernitas yaitu dengan melakukan filtrasi Dalam menghadapi produk-produk modernitas, seperti perkembangan teknologi dan trend baju, mereka tidak menerima begitu saja produk-produk modernitas tersebut. Acuan mereka dalam menentukan sikap akan menerima atau menolak modernitas, yaitu Al-Qur’an, Hadist, serta pemahaman para sahabat yang dulu telah diteruskan oleh generasi selanjutnya, versi penafsiran mereka. Karena menurut mereka, sahabat dan generasi selanjutnya, yang dalam Islam disebut sebagai orang-orang salaf, adalah orang-orang yang paling benar dalam menjalankan Islam menurut mereka.
Anak Jalanan Perempuan: Kehidupan Sosial Pekerja Anak Jalanan Dalam Perspektif Gender di Kawasan Surabaya
Authors: Umam Sholihatun Najidatil
Published: September 2023

Penelitian tentang kehidupan sosial pekerja anak jalanan di kawasan Surabaya ini mengambil fokus pada beberapa hal, yaitu: apa yang melatar belakangi anak perempuan di kawasan Surabaya bekerja sebagai anak jalanan?, Bagaimana pola interaksi anak jalanan perempuan dengan pekerja anak jalanan lainnya?, dan bagaimana resiko yang dihadapi oleh anak jalanan perempuan dalam lingkungan kerja mereka dilihat dari kacamata gender?
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa latar belakang yang menyebabkan anak anak khususnya anak perempuan sampai terjerumus pada lingkungan dan bekerja di jalanan terutama sekali adalah karena terhimpit keadaan perekonomian keluarga yang kurang stabil sehingga mereka mempekerjakan anak-anak mereka yang masih di bawah umur. Adapun interaksi yang terjadi diantara anak jalanan sebetulnya dapat dikatakan baik, meskipun perkelahian kerap terjadi namun solidaritas antar anak jalanan memberikan rasa aman di antara mereka. Hanya saja resiko yang dihadapi oleh anak-anak usia dibawah 15 tahun ini sangat besar, seperti ancaman terjadinya kecelakaan dijalanan, resiko kesehatan, termasuk juga razia yang dilakukan oleh petugas keamanaan baik satpam maupun satpol pp juga setiap hari senantiasa membayangi kehidupan anak-anak jalanan. Temuan lain yang juga sangat memprihatinkan adalah adanya tindakan diskriminatif orang tua yang membedakan anak laki-laki dan perempuan.
Tradisi Mantab dalam Pengembangan Masyarakat di Kecamatan Gedangan Kabupaten Sidoarjo
Authors: Nur Mazidah
Published: September 2023

The research about “The Study of Mantab Tradition for Community Development in Kecamatan Gedangan Kabupaten Sidoarjo” is based on the idea that : 1) Mantab is one of social institution that serve the religious-social function, 2)  Among perception of Gedangan’s societies, Mantab tradition need to be developed and it has spectacular members, about 7000 people, 3) Mantab tradition has socio-cultural mechanism growth from local content. Its position very often become strategic tools for community development information.

This research is focused on the following matters. 1) Social function of Mantab tradition as religious institution, 2) the perception of the community  toward Mantab tradition and, 3) the real contributions of Mantab tradition in the process of community development. Theoretical concepts underlying this research are paradigm of structural-functional theory. In addition, it is aimed at discovering whether there is any relation between social function of institution as written in theory matches the fact found in the real life.

The writer applies qualitative research using phenomenological approach. The technique used in this research is in-depth interview and observation. Purposive sampling used to get the whole information needed.
Peran Filantropi dalam Pengentasan Kemiskinan Komunitas Lokal
Authors: Hadi Tamim Imron
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini berusaha untuk mendiskripsikan bagaimana kontribusi filantropi di dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan. Lokasi penelitian di Desa  Sukoreno Kecamatan Umbulsari Kabupaten Jember. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan pendekatan kualitatif, dan pengumpulan data meggunakan teknik observasi  non  partisipasi, wawancara  mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa filantropi yang dilakukan oleh petani jeruk terhadap keluarga  miskin baik yang berupa karitas maupun pemberdayaan sera penyediaan sumber-sumber produksi mempunyai kontribusi terhadap peningkatan kesejahteraan.
The South Ain't a Lost Cause
Authors: Green Erin
Published: September 2023

With so many dominant narratives about the South being “the embarrassing part of the country” because of its seemingly conservative politics, it’s easy to think of this region of the United States as a place beyond redemption. In this piece, I describe the current state of Southern politics (e.g., voter suppression, gerrymandering, and other Right-wing attacks), and how these policies have led to a misleading narrative of the South that ignores the political work of Black queer Southerners. After an analysis of Southern political discourse, I craft a story about a Black queer community organizer tasked with amplifying the voices of marginalized Southerners during a presidential election for a campaign that wants to write off the South for its conservative policies. My counterstory not only rejects the majoritarian narrative that erases the progressive work of Black queer activism, but also provides a heuristic for exposing racist power structures and politically investing in marginalized communities.
Evrensel Etik Değerler Işığında Anadolu'da Ahilik Anlayışı ve Stratejik Liderlik Yaklaşımı
Authors: MARŞAP Göksel
Published: September 2023

Tarihte Ahi Evran tarafından Anadolu'da kurulan, sosyal, iktisadi ve siyasi hayatı etkileyen Ahi teşkilatı, bilim ve sanat dallarını iş hayatıyla uyumlaştırarak halka sunulan hizmetlerin en mükemmel halini ortaya çıkarmayı gaye edinmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Anadolu topraklarında Türk toplumunun bölgede barış ve huzur içinde yaşamalarını sağlamak amacıyla ahlaki, mesleki, ekonomik, ticari, siyasi ve idari alanlarda etkili olan Ahi Evran ve Ahilik Teşkilatı'nın vizyon, misyon ve evrensel etik değerler ve stratejik liderlik sistemi ilişkisi kapsamında gelecek odaklı yönetsel öğretiler ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Türklerin Anadolu'ya yerleşmelerinden itibaren pozitif bilimlerin günlük yaşamda başarıyla kullanılması yolunda insanların sosyal yaşamlarında mükemmel niteliklere sahip, sağlıklı organizasyonlar çalışmada gösterilmek istenmiştir. Bu kapsamda, toplumun öncelikle ihtiyaç duyduğu güven veren kaliteli ürünlerin üretilmesi için gerekli olan yöntemlerin tespit edilerek geliştirilmesi, insanların artan ve değişen yaşamsal ihtiyaçlarını karşılayacak şekilde geleceğe yönelik yeni vizyonlar içeren yaratıcı düşüncelerin somutlaştırılması için geçmiş dönemdeki Ahi ilke ve değerlerinin deneyimleriyle birlikte derin bir bakış açısı sunmak amaçlanmıştır. Toplumun her kesimini kapsayıcı olan esnaf ve sanatkârların oluşturduğu örgütlenme olarak Ahilik ahlakında yer alan ana ilke ve prensipleri içeren “doğruluk, haram ve helal sınırlarına uymak, nefsine hâkim olmak, başkalarını düşünerek erdemli hizmet üretmek gibi” olguların evrensel etik kurallarıyla bütünleşen yanları irdelenmiştir. Çalışma, Ahi anlayışının doğuşu ve tarihsel gelişimi sürecinde toplumsal ticari yapıları oluşturan kurumlara olan etkilerini teorik bir açıdan ele alarak, günümüz yönetimlerinde karşılaşılan kurumsal liderlik anlayışının köklerine inen bir bakış açısı sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Anadolu’da yaşanan etkin sosyal dönüşümlerin iktisadi ve idari açıdan halk üzerinde oluşturduğu sonuçlar ve liderliğin kurumsallaştığı günümüz dünyasına farklı bir perspektif sunmak amacıyla yazılan çalışmada ahilik değerlerinin zamanla toplumda yer etmeye başlaması neticesinde sosyal yaşamı biçimlendiren kurumlar çerçevesinde bugünün çağdaş küçük ve orta ölçekli şirketleri olarak değerlendirebileceğimiz yapıların stratejik liderlik yönünden Ahilik anlayışıyla ortak paydada buluşan noktalar teorik çerçevede analiz edilmiştir.
ETNOGRAFANDO A TUTELA COLETIVA PELO MINISTÉRIO PÚBLICO DE DIREITOS DE POPULAÇÕES TRADICIONAIS. REFLEXÕES INICIAIS SOBRE CIDADANIA A PARTIR DO CASO DO SANTUÁRIO SAGRADO DOS PAJÉS, EM BRASÍLIA/DF
Authors: Nocchi Carolina Penna
Published: September 2023

O trabalho aborda, valendo-se de elementos de pesquisa etnográfica mais ampla, a participação do MPF no reconhecimento judicial do Santuário Sagrado dos Pajés, situado no plano piloto de Brasília, como terra indígena tradicionalmente ocupada. O reconhecimento ocorreu em ação proposta pelo MPF/DF, que segue acompanhando o caso.Propõe-se uma análise a partir da antropologia do direito, cuja perspectiva permite uma abordagem teórica densa da temática da efetivação de direitos. São considerados, nessa perspectiva, os sentidos de cidadania no Brasil e da tensão entre duas concepções de igualdade (CARDOSO DE OLIVEIRA, 2018), uma que a concebe como tratamento uniforme e outra como tratamento diferenciado.A participação do MPF é examinada pela categoria nativa tutela coletiva, que designa a defesa de direitos coletivos, jogando-se luz na característica tutelar dessa atuação do Ministério Público (MOTA; MOUZINHO). O MPF age amparado tanto na ideia de hipossuficiência, que fundamenta a função institucional do órgão, como também, paradoxalmente, no discurso de respeito ao ponto de vista dos envolvidos, sendo essa atuação tensionada pelo protagonismo da comunidade indígena na defesa de seus interesses. Vislumbra-se, nesse sentido, dissintonia entre o discurso e a prática institucional, com consequências ao processo de administração do conflito.
ABRIRAM AS PORTEIRAS: DISPUTAS RURAIS PELA OCUPAÇÃO E USO DA TERRA NA AMAZÔNIA LEGAL E O AVANÇO DA FRONTEIRA AGROPECUÁRIA E MINERAL
Authors: Parreiras Angelina , Guimarães Ryanny , Cunha Victória da
Published: September 2023

Este trabalho compõe o projeto “Dinâmicas de Criminalidade e Políticas de Segurança nas Regiões Brasileiras" da Diest/Ipea. O artigo tem como objetivo mapear as disputas fundiárias enquanto decorrência de processos sócio-históricos, jurídicos e políticos relacionados às formas de governança sobre a ocupação e uso da terra e recursos naturais na  Amazônia Legal. Essas disputas desempenham um papel fundamental na compreensão das dinâmicas de criminalidade na região. Para tanto, utilizou-se uma abordagem metodológica que combina entrevistas com atores de organizações estatais (agentes das Secretarias de Segurança Pública, membros do Poder Judiciário e Ministério Público), acadêmicos e movimentos sociais, além de pesquisa documental, revisão bibliográfica e consulta a fontes estatísticas. As análises realizadas identificaram redes de mecanismos que podem estar no cerne dos elevados níveis de mortes violentas na Amazônia Legal. O âmago dessa violência reside nos conflitos fundiários, relacionados ao modelo de colonização, à falta de ordenamento fundiário, à ausência de fiscalização e à atuação executiva e legislativa em prol de sua flexibilização. Essas disputas estão relacionadas à busca por novas áreas de expansão das fronteiras agropecuária e mineral, associadas, historicamente, às práticas de grilagem e especulação financeira. Estas se valem da violência, bem como de mecanismos jurídico-políticos para avançar sobre o território. Políticas que borram as fronteiras entre o legal e o ilegal e, muitas vezes, anistiam crimes de grilagem e desmatamento, aprofundando as dinâmicas de violência associada a conflitos fundiários e extrativistas na Amazônia Legal.
A DIMENSÃO PEDAGÓGICA DA PERMANÊNCIA: ELEMENTOS PARA UMA DISCUSSÃO SOBRE RESPONSABILIDADE INSTITUCIONAL A PARTIR DA PANDEMIA
Authors: Prado Ruth , Crespo Bruna
Published: September 2023

Novos e velhos desafios da permanência estudantil vêm sendo mapeados e discutidos nos últimos anos. Este trabalho parte dos desafios vivenciados no período da pandemia e como essa circunstância pressionou as instituições tanto para incluir como para ampliar em suas agendas administrativas ações diretas que levassem em consideração as diversas dimensões da permanência, isto é, aspectos materiais, simbólicos e pedagógicos. Nosso objetivo é trazer subsídios ao debate sobre responsabilidade institucional no âmbito da permanência no ensino superior com elementos que consideram o papel privilegiado de gestores e docentes nas trajetórias de estudantes com dificuldades acadêmicas. Destacamos a experiência da Escola Politécnica da UFRJ, bem como suas demandas e desafios de ordem pedagógica. Privilegiamos, dessa forma, o recorte que trata da dimensão pedagógica da permanência estudantil em cursos das áreas de ciências exatas. Os dados utilizados foram obtidos através de revisão bibliográfica sobre permanência na universidade, apoio acadêmico/pedagógico, incluindo os cursos de exatas e ações de permanência na pandemia, pesquisa em sites de notícias e institucionais (UFRJ), considerando os itens citados, e dados de pesquisas realizadas pelo Laboratório de Estudos e Pesquisas em Educação Superior - LEPES. De forma geral, identificamos poucos avanços em relação às discussões sobre a superação de dificuldades acadêmicas, principalmente, nos anos iniciais da graduação da Escola de Engenharia da UFRJ. No entanto, as percepções referentes ao papel de gestores e docentes em relação às dificuldades acadêmicas têm sido ampliadas e ressignificadas através de novas questões e pressões advindas da crescente demanda dos estudantes.
Corpos para além das transcendências: podemos nos situar de forma parcial?
Authors: Dourado Elias
Published: September 2023

Em "As palavras e as coisas", Foucault (2000) menciona que o saber tripartido da renascença desemboca no saber binário da modernidade, a partir do século XVII. Tal binarismo é constituído pela percepção de um sujeito e aquilo que é percebido por este. A terceira parte, o mundo, não possui lugar nesse tipo de saber, senão como objeto a ser justificado pela percepção. Sendo um objeto dentre outros na análise perceptiva, o mundo se curva ao sujeito, de modo que o corpo deste nada mais é que um sustentáculo para a racionalidade. Como Foucault (2000) declara em seu livro, a constituição desse saber impacta todos os séculos seguintes, e continua a impactar. Se é a razão que deve constituir o mundo como se estivesse fora dele, então ela se coloca como uma transcendência, isto é, a propriedade sui generis de um sujeito que parece estar além deste mundo. Como podemos diluir tal transcendência? Como a noção de corpo situado constrange tal disposição?
hsa_circ_0037722 Drives Keloid Formation by Interacting with miR-140-3p and NR2F2
Authors: Wu Xixi , Gao Hu , Li Fan
Published: September 2023

Keloids can invade normal skin tissues to lead to itching, pain, hemorrhaging and suppuration, thereby affecting the mental health of patients. circRNAs can participate in keloids formation, but the role of hsa_circ_0037722 in keloids is still unknown. The goal of our study was to reveal the role of hsa_circ_0037722 in keloids. The levels of hsa_circ_0037722, miR-140-3p and NR2F2 in keloids was confirmed by qRT-PCR. Cell experiments were applied to assess the effect of hsa_circ_0037722/miR-140-3p/NR2F2 axis on keloids formation. In addition, the correlation among hsa_circ_0037722, miR-140-3p and NR2F2 was confirmed by luciferase assay. hsa_circ_0037722 and NR2F2 were upregulated in keloids tissues and keloids fibroblasts, whereas miR-140-3p was downregulated in keloids tissues and keloids fibroblasts. The abilities of proliferation and metastasis of keloids fibroblasts were impaired by silencing hsa_circ_0037722. However, miR-140-3p inhibitor or NR2F2 overexpression could restore the inhibitory function of hsa_circ_0037722 knockdown in keloid fibroblasts due to their targeting relationship. Taken together, hsa_circ_0037722 can facilitate keloids formation by interacting with miR-140-3p to relieve the suppression of miR-140-3p for NR2F2. The findings of this study may provide a novel idea for developing molecular targeted therapies for keloid.
T Cell Receptor-Engaging Monoclonal Antibodies Mobilize the Anti-Tumor Functions of Invariant Natural Killer T Cells
Authors: Das Rupali
Published: September 2023

Invariant natural killer T cells (iNKTs) are innate-type T lymphocytes that directly kill tumor cells or tumor-growth promoting immunosuppressive cells such astumor-associated macrophages. Additionally, iNKTs robustly transactivate the antitumor functions of T, B, natural killer, and dendritic cells as well as reinvigorate exhausted immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. As such, iNKTs make excellent candidates for inclusion in anti-cancer cellular therapies. However, to capitalize on the potential benefits of iNKT cell-based approaches, it is imperative that we develop new and clinically viable strategies to enhance their antitumor function. To that end, two novel monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that selectively bind to the human (NKTT320) or murine (NKT14m) invariant T cell receptor have been recently developed and characterized. Studies using purified human iNKTs (in vitro) and a model of non-human primate (in vivo) reveal that NKTT320 promotes swift, vigorous and sustained iNKT cell activation that is accompanied by robust production of inflammatory mediators and bystander immune cell activation. Furthermore, NKTT320 augments expression of cytotoxic markers and human iNKT cell degranulation. Similarly, NKT14m prompts dramatic murine iNKT cell activation and functional response both in vitro and in vivo. However, antitumor efficacy of a single dose of NKT14m injection in tumor-bearing mice is limited and tumor-model dependent. In contrast, combination treatment of NKT14m with either low dose interleukin (IL)-12 or the chemotherapeutic agent, cyclophosphamide results in a superior antitumor response in vivo. This is evident by activation of both iNKTs and other immune cells, prolonged survival of the tumor-challenged mice, and long-lasting immunity. Collectively, these recent studies justify further development of anti-iTCR mAbs that can be used alone or in conjunction with immunomodulatory agents to enhance iNKT cell antitumor immunity against various cancers.
COMBUSTION OF CONDENSED COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF BORON-CONTAINING SOLID PROPELLANTS IN AIR
Authors: Rashkovskiy Sergey
Published: September 2023

The analysis of combustion models of the main components of condensed combustion products (CCP) of boron-containing solid propellants (boron, boron carbide, boron nitride, and carbon) is carried out. Using the available experimental data, the parameters of the combustion model of boron carbide and boron nitride particles are determined. Using the combustion models of boron, B4C, BN, and carbon particles, parametric calculations of the combustion of both individual indicated particles and their mixtures, which simulates the composition of the CCP of boron-containing solid propellant, have been carried out. A comparative analysis of the combustion of particles of boron, B4C, BN, and carbon in proportions characteristic of the CCP of boron-containing solid propellants showed that combustion of BN has the least effect on the completeness of combustion of CCP. This is due to its low calorific value and low content in CCP. Ceteris paribus, carbon particles burn the fastest, but their contribution to the completeness of CCP combustion is less than that of boron and boron carbide due to their lower calorific value.
Fake News y pseudociencia: la politización de los discursos sobre Covid-19 en Twitter de Brasil
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Campina, Lopes de Oliveira Diogo , Gomes Golzio Derval ,   Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), de Souza João Pedro Israel ,   Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)
Published: September 2023

Desde el inicio de la pandemia de COVID-19, la comunicación de masas y las redes sociales han impactado mayormente sociedades urbanas en varios países y la diseminación de desinformación ha condicionado visiones y comportamientos por parte de la sociedad. A partir de la elaboración de un software propio, se buscaron palabras clave relacionadas a fármacos comprobadamente ineficaces y otros términos relacionados con el nuevo coronavirus (Sars-CoV-2) y analizaron los mensajes y el alcance en términos de «me gusta» de perfiles políticos y científicos en el Twitter de Brasil. El estudio de la polarización y la politización de los discursos es capaz de contribuir para la comprensión del fenómeno de la desinformación durante la pandemia de COVID-19.
El ciclo de la violencia en línea contra mujeres en Brasil
Authors:   Universidade de Brasília, SOUSA Janara , RODRÍGUEZ AVILA Nuria ,   Universidad de Barcelona
Published: September 2023

El propósito es realizar un análisis teórico y contextual de la violencia en línea, señalando aspectos del ciclo de esa violencia contra mujeres en Brasil. Buscamos comprender el concepto de violencia en línea y observar la manifestación de esa práctica. En el ámbito del Observatorio Brasileño de Violencia en Línea se realizó un estudio para analizar noticias de portales periodísticos, en un período de 12 años. La metodología es de carácter exploratorio, sustentada en la técnica de recolección y análisis de datos de observación sistemática asociada al Análisis de Contenido. En total, se recopilaron 3.517 materiales periodísticos que abordan algún tipo de violencia, y de estos 390, específicamente, presentaron un caso de violencia en línea en Brasil. Como principales hallazgos, destacamos que Internet es un espacio en el que los derechos humanos son violados de manera recurrente y las mujeres y niñas son las víctimas más frecuentes de este tipo de violencia.
Tecnopoéticas y tecnopolíticas insumisas en el hip hop ecuatoriano durante el paro nacional 2022
Authors: ANDINO VELOZ Byron
Published: September 2023

El hip hop intercedió en la contienda del paro de junio de 2022 en Ecuador. El objetivo es analizar los discursos multimodales de las tecnopoéticas y tecnopolíticas del canal de Youtube de BoomBapKillaz. La metodología fue cualitativa, con observación estructurada de dos videos y un análisis crítico del discurso de sus sonoridades, visualidades, el uso del cuerpo y las líricas. En los resultados aparecieron: cuestionamientos decoloniales y por desigualdades de clase, así como una evocación al antagonismo mediante el pueblo. Entre los adversarios construidos están el gobierno nacional y su presidente, la fuerza pública, así como los medios de comunicación. Se trata de tecnodiversidades artísticas políticas, con usos sociales y funciones didácticas, más allá de las lógicas instrumentales dominantes.
Documentários jornalísticos como práxis emancipadora de adolescentes: diálogos entre cidadania comunicativa e educomunicação
Authors:   Casper Libero, ANDRADE LONGO Julia , DOS SANTOS Marli ,   Casper Libero
Published: September 2023

Este artigo aborda o processo educomunicativo em documentários jornalísticos produzidos por adolescentes, com o objetivo de contribuir para o conhecimento e o desenvolvimento de um produto comunicacional como forma de reflexão crítica sobre a mídia. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida por meio da pesquisa-ação e participante, com oferta de uma oficina em plataforma digital para reflexão crítica da mídia e produção de documentários jornalísticos durante a pandemia covid-19. Partimos da Educomunicação (Soares, 2014), Cidadania Comunicativa (Mata, 2006), Práxis (Freire, 2011) e do Documentário Jornalístico (Vargas, 2009) como referenciais teóricos. Como resultado, observamos que os adolescentes conseguem se apropriar de temas pertinentes dentro de suas realidades, da linguagem e da narrativa do produto audiovisual como expressão da cidadania comunicativa.
Psicología y medioambiente. Hacia una aplicación de la sustentabilidad
Authors: Bustillos-Contreras Matías
Published: September 2023

Dado el desafío que implica la crisis climática, y la necesidad de adoptar medidas urgentes, se requiere todo el conocimiento disciplinar que la humanidad pueda desarrollar para establecer estrategias de mitigación. El objetivo del presente artículo es contribuir a la discusión científica sobre el cambio climático desde la perspectiva de la Psicología, describiendo y analizando los principales factores que influyen en las conductas sustentables de las personas. Como metodología, se aplica una revisión de literatura no sistemática, desde un enfoque de análisis reflexivo, dado el potencial que tiene esta herramienta para investigar en el rubro de la educación y las ciencias sociales. La Psicología entrega importantes herramientas para entender la diversidad de respuestas personales y sociales frente al cuidado del medioambiente, tanto propositivas como de negación. Para tal efecto, se revisan dos grandes categorías de estudio: los factores psicológicos y los factores de tipo contextual. Posteriormente, se  describen  las principales estrategias de intervención mediante modelos holísticos y ecológicos, para explicar las acciones sustentables por parte de los individuos, así como proveer evidencia científica que respalda su asociación. Finalmente, se discute la pertinencia de incluir estos conceptos en investigaciones posteriores que aborden la temática medioambiental para una comprensión más integral del fenómeno.
Educating Family Physician Residents for Anesthetic Preoperative Evaluation and Clearance
Authors: Gerber Benjamin , Roth Eyan , Laubach Tyler , De Jong Luke , Kasper Travis , Perry Jarrett , Johnson Allan , Krogman William , Newton Felecia , Powell Sara , Bragg Dee Ann , Regehr Jared
Published: September 2023

Introduction. Encounters for preoperative clearance are common within primary care offices, so it is imperative that family medicine residents learn how to perform preoperative assessments. We assessed family medicine residents’ knowledge of preoperative evaluation and clearance in preparation for surgery by providing a pre- and post-test alongside a didactic seminar.
Methods. A didactic seminar on preoperative evaluations was presented at a family medicine resident didactics session by two senior anesthesiology residents. A 16 question, multiple choice test was used as both a pre-test and post-test to assess family medicine residents’ knowledge.
Results. A total of 31 participants took the pre-test (residents = 24; medical students = 7), and 30 participants took the post-test (residents = 23; medical students = 7). Mean scores and standard deviations were calculated for both tests with an average score of 37.50% ± 10.58% and 45.42% ± 11.12% on the pre- and post-test, respectively. Using the Kruskal-Wallis test, residents showed a significant improvement in test scores following the didactic presentation (p = 0.041) while overall results (residents and medical students) also reported a significant difference (p = 0.004).
Conclusions. Our results demonstrated that educating family medicine residents and medical students on preoperative evaluation showed significant, quantifiable gains in knowledge following a brief didactic presentation. Given the current gap between guidelines and practice, our results emphasize the need for a formal medical school and residency-based curriculum related to preoperative patient evaluation.
Role of Diagnostic procedures in managing human Bacterial infections: A comprehensive overview
Authors: Ankurita Bhowmik
Published: September 2023

The study of human illnesses brought on by microbes falls under the wide category of infectious diseases. Among all other challenges, infectious diseases have a profound influence on human existence. From local epidemics to global pandemics, infectious diseases have had a huge impact on civilization growth, country destiny, and human history. Only in the late 1800s did scientists discover that infections are caused by microorganisms, leading to the development of the microbe-specific medical diagnostic technique. If identified and treated properly, many infections have mild consequences. Others, however, including pneumonia and meningitis, etc. can be fatal if neglected. With its capacity to pinpoint the precise source of infection and combat varied and widespread outbreaks, diagnostic procedures play a special role in the management of infectious diseases. Diagnosis-aid therapies work better and help the infected patient avoid long-term consequences. The most appropriate course of medication can also be decided through diagnostic testing. Patients who go undiagnosed may unintentionally spread the illness to others. A prompt diagnosis can thus contribute to the control or prevention of outbreaks. In summary, the novelty and contributions of the study lie in its recognition of the pivotal role played by diagnostic procedures in understanding, managing, and controlling infectious diseases. It also acknowledges the historical discovery of microorganisms as the root cause of infections and the development of specific diagnostic techniques, both of which have had a profound impact on the field of medicine and public health.
SMARTerV4 (1x) Amplification for single-cell or single-nuclei RNASeq Protocol v2
Authors: Institute Allen
Published: September 2023

Protocol to generate full-length cDNA from single cells, or nuclei, using Takara SMARTer V4.
Squishing insects for preservation of HMW DNA in the field v1
Authors: Teltscher Fiona
Published: September 2023

Ideal preservation for maximum recovery of high molecular weight (HMW) DNA from insects is to snap freeze living insects on dry ice and store at -70C. However, dry ice or liquid nitrogen for snap freezing is not always accessible in the field. When snap freezing and ultra cold storage is not an option, gently compromising the cuticle by squishing the insect can improve the penetration of any preservation solution and thereby increase both the quantity and the quality of recovered DNA. Here we present a step by step protocol for how to carry out the squish procedure for mosquitoes. While we use mosquitoes as an example, this protocol should improve HMW DNA recovery for most adult arthropods when used in conjunction with an appropriate preservative such as 100% ethanol in excess, EDTA, or DMSO salt solution (DESS). It is advised to move room temperature squished insects in excess preservative to ultra cold storage as soon as possible. If the excess preservative will freeze solid (like DESS), and there is no further risk to cold chain before processing for HMW DNA extraction, we advise to remove the preservative solution before freezing. In our experience, we are able to retrieve good quality HMW DNA from single mosquitoes held in excess 100% ethanol or DESS at room temperature for 1 week and sequence this DNA using PacBio HiFi. Mosquitoes stored this way also resulted in good quality Hi-C data.
TST Nuclei Isolation with GentleMACS - 220301 v1
Authors: Vigneau Sébastien
Published: September 2023

This protocol describes the process of nuclei isolation from frozen tissue. The protocol has been applied to frozen melanoma, breast, and lung metastases for the Human Tumor Atlas Network (HTAN) single-nuclei RNA-seq preparation.
Qubit dsDNA HS Assay v2
Authors: Caceres Lakme
Published: September 2023

How to use the Qubit 2.0 fluorometer to quantify dsDNA samples. It is most accurate for sample concentrations from 5 pg/uL to 120 ng/uL.