bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La recepción y el efecto de la política de planificación familiar en el arte experimental en China
Authors: Manonelles Moner Laia
Published: June 2017

Este artículo parte del interés de mostrar cómo distintos artistas se aproximan a cuestiones tales como las relaciones familiares, las políticas de natalidad y los procesos de adopción en el contexto actual. Ma Qiusha, He Chongyue, Zhang O y Shen Yuan, entre otros artistas, reflexionan sobre dichas realidades tanto desde una perspectiva personal como sociológica y política. Tales artistas pertenecen a distintas generaciones y, por ello, será preciso contextualizar las fuentes de inspiración de sus propuestas en el escenario de los últimos años del periodo maoísta así como también en un marco en el que cristalizan las consecuencias de la política demográfica iniciada en 1979.
Jean-François Bayart, África en el espejo. Colonización, criminalidad y Estado, trad. J. J. Utrilla, México, FCE, 2011, 135 pp.
Authors: Hernández Colorado Jaime
Published: June 2017

Jean-François Bayart, África en el espejo. Colonización, criminalidad y Estado, trad. J. J. Utrilla, México, FCE, 2011, 135 pp.
Mariano Ardash Bonialian, El Pacífico hispanoamericano: política y comercio en el imperio español (1680-1784), la centralidad de lo marginal, México, El Colegio de México-Colegio Internacional de Graduados entre Espacios, 2012, 490 pp.
Authors: Taboada Hernán G. H.
Published: June 2017

Mariano Ardash Bonialian, El Pacífico hispanoamericano: política y comercio en el imperio español (1680-1784), la centralidad de lo marginal, México, El Colegio de México-Colegio Internacional de Graduados entre Espacios, 2012, 490 pp.
El entrañable Thiago
Authors: Kerber Víctor
Published: June 2017

El viernes 13 de marzo de 1964, en una magna asamblea popular realizada a un costado de la estación Central del ferrocarril, en Río de Janeiro, el presidente brasileño, João Goulart, decretó públicamente la expropiación de las refinerías petroleras que se hallaban en manos privadas, y autorizó la expropiación de tierras al borde de carreteras, ferrocarriles, ríos navegables y represas hasta por veinte kilómetros. Meses atrás había emprendido una serie de reformas de alto calado para el devenir social y económico de Brasil, como la reforma agraria, que afectaba las haciendas y las plantaciones semifeudales que databan de los tiempos coloniales, así como las reformas de salud y educativa.
Agua, poder y hegemonía entre actores estatales y no estatales en Turquía, Siria e Iraq
Authors: Conde Gilberto
Published: June 2017

Podría parecer que las negociaciones para regular el reparto de aguas de ríos internacionales contribuye a la paz. En un tenor diferente, el presente estudio coincide con diversos autores que han encontrado que las negociaciones y los acuerdos delimitan y a la vez legitiman las relaciones asimétricas de poder y los conflictos en las cuencas internacionales. Esto se ha verificado en la cuenca del Tigris y el Éufrates en las relaciones por el agua entre Turquía, Siria, Iraq y sus poblaciones kurdas. En el artículo se reflexiona sobre la cuestión de la hidrohegemonía y se trata de enriquecer el concepto.
Tiempo y espacio en la Duat: observaciones respecto de los Libros del Más Allá del Reino Nuevo
Authors: Bonanno Mariano
Published: June 2017

Se reflexiona sobre las categorías tiempo y espacio en un marco acotado: la Duat y la noche, donde Ra se sumerge a partir de las primeras horas de oscuridad y hasta los primeros signos del amanecer. El objeto de este estudio son los denominados Libros del Más Allá del Reino Nuevo (Libro del Amduat, Libro de las Puertas, Libro de las Cavernas y Libro de la Tierra), composiciones funerarias que decoran las tumbas reales del Valle de los Reyes, en Luxor, Egipto.
El triste inicio de una nación. La crisis política y humanitaria en Sudán del Sur
Authors: Saavedra Casco José Arturo
Published: June 2017

El 9 de julio de 2011, la población en Yuba y las ciudades más importantes de la región de Sudán del Sur celebraban la anhelada independencia política que los separaba definitivamente de la República de Sudán después de casi treinta años de una cruenta guerra civil prácticamente ignorada por la comunidad internacional.
Configuración microespacial de la industria en la Ciudad de México a inicios del siglo xxi
Authors: Cruz Fermín , Garza Gustavo
Published: June 2017

La organización de la producción manufacturera en las grandes metrópolis se ha ido transformando por su relativa desindustrialización y acelerada servicialización, en mayor o menor medida según el grado de inserción en la nueva división internacional del trabajo. El objetivo principal de este artículo es determinar qué tipo de patrón industrial existía en el Área Metropolitana de la Ciudad de México en 2003, partiendo de los modelos conceptuales de la organización del espacio urbano más conocidos. Para lograrlo se realizó un análisis microespacial del producto interno bruto (pib) de las manufacturas de 4 418 áreas geoestadísticas básicas (ageb), con lo cual ha sido posible identificar siete grandes concentraciones fabriles. A partir de ello se analizaron su morfología, su estructura espacial interna y su evolución futura. Un segundo gran objetivo es esquematizar la evolución de los siete polígonos industriales desde los años sesenta, lo que ha permitido inferir la relevancia de las condiciones generales de la producción como elemento determinante de la configuración industrial de la metrópoli.
Diferencias en la recaudación del impuesto predial en la zona fronteriza: evidencia en los municipios de Chihuahua
Authors: Ibarra Salazar Jorge , Sotres Cervantes Lida
Published: June 2017

Basándonos en el estudio de Ibarra y Sotres (2009), en este artículo aportamos evidencia adicional que relaciona las características de la región frontera norte y el marco institucional con la recaudación del impuesto predial. Estimamos una serie de especificaciones econométricas usando una base de datos de panel para los 67 municipios de Chihuahua correspondiente a 2002-2006. Nuestra hipótesis central es que la dinámica económica y demográfica en la zona fronteriza de Chihuahua ha originado una mayor demanda de servicios e infraestructura en los municipios fronterizos de ese estado, lo que los ha motivado a diferenciar su marco institucional para obtener mayores recursos por concepto de impuesto predial en comparación con los municipios no fronterizos. Esto es posible dado que la reforma constitucional de 1999 al Artículo 115 posibilita a los municipios modificar el marco institucional fiscal para enfrentar sus propias peculiaridades.
Vivir con ruido en la Ciudad de México. El proceso de adaptación a los entornos acústicamente hostiles
Authors: Domínguez Ruiz Ana Lidia M.
Published: June 2017

La propuesta que aquí se presenta es producto de una investigación doctoral antropológica recién concluida titulada “La naturaleza sonora de la vida urbana. Ruido, convivencia y conflicto por el espacio sonoro en la Ciudad de México”, cuyo objeto general de estudio ha sido el análisis del fenómeno del ruido más allá de su dimensión estética, es decir, como construcción social producto de la interrelación de factores espaciales, demográficos, psicológicos, culturales e históricos, definidos por el modo de vida urbano.En este marco de reflexiones, el análisis del proceso de adaptación en tanto fenómeno fundador de las relaciones ambientales constituye una prioridad, pues permite comprender los procesos de ajuste y desajuste entre el entorno urbano y sus habitantes. Específicamente, al hablar del ruido se pretende conocer las diversas maneras en que esta relación se ha desarrollado no sólo por vía de la atrofia sensorial, sino a través de diversas técnicas de construcción de la vida cotidiana, donde alcanzar la normalidad es una situación patológica de la vida en las grandes ciudades como México.
Trayectorias laborales de migrantes calificadas por razones de estudio
Authors: Bermúdez Rico Rosa Emilia
Published: June 2017

En este artículo se analizan las trayectorias laborales de algunas profesionales universitarias colombianas que han realizado estudios de posgrado en México, y se abordan los principales patrones que caracterizan su inserción en el mercado laboral profesional, tanto en Colombia como en México. El propósito central es examinar la configuración de estas trayectorias laborales en relación a la experiencia de la movilidad por razones de estudio, tanto en la etapa previa a la migración internacional como en su etapa posterior, al permanecer en el país de destino o retornar al de origen. En este contexto se analiza el lugar que ocupa y el sentido que adquiere la movilidad internacional por razones de estudio en la trayectoria laboral y de vida de las mujeres profesionales universitarias. El análisis que se presenta constituye un estudio de caso de carácter exploratorio, fundamentado en un diseño de investigación cualitativa, bajo la perspectiva teórica y metodológica del curso de vida. Para ello se recabó información longitudinal y retrospectiva a partir de entrevistas a profundidad realizadas directamente a las mujeres migrantes, que posibilitaron la reconstrucción de sus biografías. El análisis muestra que este grupo de mujeres ha aplicado diversas estrategias, entre las que destacan los mecanismos de resistencia y de adaptación como alternativas para enfrentar el mercado laboral profesional tanto en Colombia como en México. A partir de este análisis se identificaron cuatro tipos de trayectorias laborales en las que se articula la permanencia en la sociedad de destino o el retorno al país de origen y se consideran dos áreas de conocimiento.
Melé, Patrice (2011), Transactions territoriales. Patrimoine, environnement et actions collectives au Mexique, Tours, Presses Universitaires François Rabelais, 216 p.
Authors: Ugalde Vicente
Published: June 2017

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Atenco, a diez años del movimiento social por el proyecto del aeropuerto. Análisis sociourbano y político
Authors: Moreno Sánchez Enrique
Published: June 2017

En el presente trabajo se presenta una reflexión acerca del movimiento social que surgió hace más de un decenio en el municipio de Atenco, Estado de México, que generó una serie de manifestaciones campesinas, obreras y populares de apropiación y defensa de la tierra en un territorio que forma parte de la Zona Metropolitana de la Ciudad de México (zmcm). El movimiento –definido desde un principio como contrario a la propuesta del proyecto de construcción del aeropuerto internacional– no es un asunto concluido, pues ha generado una nueva forma de organización social en dicho municipio. Después de un decenio la configuración sociourbana y política de Atenco ha cambiado y hoy se presenta como un territorio con características insertas en la dinámica urbana, con un nuevo perfil social y político.
El liderazgo político en la presidencia de Felipe Calderón (2006-2012).
Authors: Luis Méndez José
Published: June 2017

Los presidentes enfrentan el problema de ejercer un liderazgo que tiene naturaleza elusiva, que es difícil de entender y alcanzar, y que implica oportunidades y riesgos. Los gobernantes pueden afrontar más efectivamente dichas cuestiones, y los académicos y ciudadanos evaluarlos mejor, si conciben el liderazgo como “actuación estratégica”. Para sostener lo anterior, se plantean tres elementos: “agenda pertinente”, “palanqueo inclusivo” y “estilo decisorio equilibrado”. Con base en lo anterior se analiza el gobierno de Felipe Calderón, y se concluye que no ejerció un liderazgo político.
La evolución del análisis de políticas en Estados Unidos: cuatro fuentes de demanda.
Authors: Weimer David L.
Published: June 2017

Cuatro demandas han impulsado el desarrollo del análisis de políticas en Estados Unidos. Primero, los reformadores han buscado evidencia para sustentar sus esfuerzos. Comenzando con las oficinas municipales de la Era Progresista, los grupos que apoyan han buscado análisis de políticas de apoyo, lo que conduce a la proliferación de grupos de reflexión diferenciados. En segundo lugar, los políticos requieren de profesionales especializados para atender problemas perentorios. En tercer lugar, el enfoque mayor y la complejidad del gobierno, en niveles federales y estatales, demandan información para apoyar los procesos de toma de decisiones. En cuarto lugar, los políticos intentan sancionar sus acciones futuras (y las de otros) al disponer que se realicen análisis rutinarios a los variados tipos de decisiones.
LAS ACTITUDES HACIA LOS INMIGRANTES EN MÉXICO: EXPLICACIONES ECONÓMICAS Y SOCIALES
Authors: Meseguer Covadonga , Maldonado Gerardo
Published: June 2017

Las actitudes de los mexicanos hacia los migrantes pueden explicarse ya por el temor de enfrentar competencia en el mercado laboral explica, ya por las preocupaciones sociales, como la etnicidad o las amenazas a la seguridad, condicionan esas actitudes. Para explorar estas hipótesis, nos apoyamos en datos del proyecto México, las Américas y el Mundo. Nuestros resultados están en línea con las actitudes hacia inmigrantes en países avanzados. La disposición social, en vez de preocupaciones económicas, explican mejor las actitudes hacia los inmigrantes en general y hacia los dos grupos de extranjeros en particular. En concreto, hallamos que las preocupaciones acerca de inseguridad y un nivel moderado de etnocentrismo determinan las actitudes y opiniones de los mexicanos hacia los inmigrantes.
Los emergentes del Sur frente a la gobernanza mundial de la ayuda al desarrollo: estrategias reformadoras, rivalidades y tentativas
Authors: Soulé-Kohndou Folashadé
Published: June 2017

Este artículo analiza la recomposición de la gobernanza mundial de la ayuda para el desarrollo y el lugar que van tomando los donadores llamados “emergentes” del Sur, como China, India o Brasil. El artículo compara las acciones y estrategias de los emergentes en el Comité de Ayuda al Desarrollo (cad) de la ocde y en el sistema de las Naciones Unidas. Las potencias emergentes del Sur participan en la fragmentación de la gobernanza mundial de la ayuda y en el establecimiento de una gobernanza de vías múltiples. Sus estrategias reformadoras se vuelven un medio para establecer y legitimar la agenda Sur-Sur de la cooperación para el desarrollo.
De Cárdenas a Echeverría: 12 puntos de la política exterior de México hacia la España de Franco (1936-1975)
Authors: Sola Ayape Carlos
Published: June 2017

En septiembre de 1975, y tras conocerse la noticia de la ejecución de cinco fusilamientos en España, Luis Echeverría cobró un repentino protagonismo en el escenario internacional, impulsado por su idea de provocar el derrumbe de la dictadura franquista. Para alcanzar tal propósito, el presidente mexicano puso en marcha la articulada maquinaria de aquel régimen posrevolucionario, empezando por la Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores y su embajador en la ONU, Alfonso García Robles. Así, y teniendo en cuenta los pormenores de esta coyuntura histórica, el presente artículo analiza el discurso de la cancillería mexicana hasta descubrir en 12 puntos las verdaderas bases de la política exterior de México hacia la España franquista durante 40 largos años.
Comicios 2014 y la victoria de Narendra Modi: ¿desarrollo económico o polarización social en India?
Authors: Martínez Saavedra Beatriz
Published: June 2017

El texto examina el proceso electoral de India con énfasis en la actuación de Narendra Modi quien como jefe de gobierno de Gujarat construyó un perfil progresista que logró rebasar los señalamientos de fundamentalista por su omisión en el manejo de la violencia registrada al principio de su administración. Se analizan los factores que catapultaron el triunfo electoral de Modi como la corrupción del régimen anterior, la promoción de su modelo económico y en general, su estrategia de comunicación que fueron efectivos en una acogida descomunal del político en diversos segmentos poblacionales que no comulgaban con su ideología sectaria.
El Acuerdo Transatlántico para el Comercio y la Inversión (TTIP): orígenes, motivaciones y potenciales impactos en las relaciones entre Estados Unidos y La Unión Europea
Authors: Vega Cánovas Gustavo Florentino , Campos Francisco
Published: June 2017

El artículo presenta un análisis de la relación económica entre Estados Unidos y la Unión Europea a la luz de las actuales negociaciones de la Asociación Transatlántica para el Comercio y la Inversión (TTIP). Se parte de la hipótesis de que Estados Unidos ha rediseñado su política comercial a razón de la parálisis de la Ronda Doha, y en aras de lograr un papel preeminente en el diseño del marco regulatorio que regirá el comercio internacional a futuro. El TTIP es parte de esta estrategia estadunidense basada en la creación de acuerdos mega-regionales de comercio e inversión. Esta contribución desarrolla una evaluación sobre los orígenes, prospectos y consecuencias previsibles de este acuerdo en gestación.
Paraguay después del Golpe: el precio de ponerse colorado
Authors: Friggeri Félix Pablo
Published: June 2017

Presento un análisis sobre el panorama político que surgió en el Paraguay luego del golpe parlamentario-judicial de 2012 y las elecciones de 2013. Realizo un diálogo entre el material de un trabajo de campo que lleva ya dos años de desarrollo con valiosos análisis de coyuntura y artículos -principalmente de autores latinoamericanos. Trabajo el concepto de “stronismo globalizado” como modelo de política interna e inserción internacional que aparece como horizonte del gobierno actual; el papel del poder norteamericano; la relación de esta situación con el proceso de integración regional y la situación del campesinado. Sostengo que en la problemática paraguaya se evidencian con particular expresividad, problemas claves, tanto de la democracia como del modelo de desarrollo latinoamericanos.
Movimiento de Regeneración Nacional: democracia interna y tendencias oligárquicas
Authors: Bolívar Meza Rosendo
Published: June 2017

En este trabajo se busca realizar un análisis sobre la democracia interna y las tendencias oligárquicas del partido Movimiento de Regeneración Nacional (Morena), sobre aspectos relacionados con su vida interna en lo referente a su composición de poder, a los mecanismos en la toma de decisiones y a las formas de selección de la dirigencia partidista y de los candidatos a ocupar los cargos de elección popular. Esto se hará por dos vías. La primera, de manera formal y jurídica, analizando su vida interna a través de lo que plantea para sí mismo en sus documentos básicos como son declaración de principios, programa y estatutos, donde plantea los principios que lo rigen, las acciones que tomará para la consecución de sus fines y su organización interna. La segunda, de manera real y politológica, analizando su proceder político durante su proceso de creación y primera elección de dirigencia nacional en 2013-2014 y primera selección de cuadros a cargos de elección popular para el proceso electoral de 2015.
Inversión extranjera directa en México: comparación entre la inversión procedente de los Estados Unidos y del resto del mundo
Authors: Garriga Ana Carolina
Published: June 2017

¿Hay diferencias entre la inversión extranjera directa (ied) que México recibe de los Estados Unidos y del resto del mundo? Este trabajo describe la ied que este país recibió entre 1999 y 2013, individualizando las particularidades de ésta, según su origen. Se analizan los flujos de ied hacia México en su conjunto y hacia las entidades estatales. Se identifican diferencias en patrones temporales y espaciales de la ied, así como en sus factores determinantes. Este análisis permite entender mejor la ied que México recibió entonces, identificar vulnerabilidades regionales e informar de la toma de decisiones destinadas a la promoción y retención de inversiones.
THE USE OF GRAPHIC CALCULATOR IN MATHEMATICS LEARNING: IS IT STILL RELEVANT?
Authors: Dirgantoro Kurnia Putri Sepdikasari
Published: June 2017

In the middle of the advancement of technology today where the rapid development of a wide range of software that can be used in mathematics, it seems the use of graphing calculators in the classroom are being abandoned. Relatively expensive, parents and schools tend to think twice before buying a graphing calculator for their children as well as the availability of media learning in school. However, is it true that the used of graphic calculator are not relevant at this time? It is intended to be a review of theory to answer these questions.
Soil Structure Evaluation Across Geologic Transition Zones Using 2D Electrical Resistivity Imaging Technique
Authors: Anukwu Geraldine C , Adebara A. F. , Abodunrin T. K. , Iwakun A. P.
Published: June 2017

This study utilizes the electrical resistivity values obtained using 2-D Electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) technique to evaluate the subsurface lithology across different geological units. The primary objective was to determine the effect of subsurface lithology on the integrity of a road pavement, which had developed cracks and potholes at various locations. The dipole-dipole configuration was utilized and a total of nine traverses were established in the study area, whose geology cuts across both the basement and sedimentary complexes. The inverted resistivity section obtained showed significant variation in resistivity along established traverses and also across the different rock units, with the resistivity value ranging from about 4 ohm-m to greater than 7000 ohm- m. The lithology as interpreted from the resistivity section revealed the presence topsoil, clay, sandy clay, sand, sand stones/basement rocks, with varying vertical and horizontal arrangements to a depth of 40m. Results suggest that the geologic sequence and structure might have contributed to the observed pavement failure. The capability of the 2D ERI as an imaging tool is observed, especially across the transition zones as depicted in this study. The study further stressed the ability of this technique if properly designed and implemented, to be capable of providing a wealth of information that could complement other traditional geotechnical and geologic techniques.
Review: Marine Seismic And Side-Scan Sonar Investigations For Seabed Identification With Sonar System
Authors: Lubis Muhammad Zainuddin , Anggraini Kasih , Kausarian Husnul , Pujiyati Sri
Published: June 2017

Marine seismic reflection data have been collected for decades and since the mid-to late- 1980s much of this data is positioned relatively accurately. Marine geophysical acquisition of data is a very expensive process with the rates regularly ship through dozens of thousands of euros per day. Acquisition of seismic profiles has the position is determined by a DGPS system and navigation is performed by Hypack and Maxview software that also gives all the offsets for the equipment employed in the survey. Examples of some projects will be described in terms of the project goals and the geophysical equipment selected for each survey and specific geophysical systems according to with the scope of work. For amplitude side scan sonar image, and in the multi-frequency system, color, becoming a significant properties of the sea floor, the effect of which is a bully needs to be fixed. The main confounding effect is due to absorption of water; geometric spread; shape beam sonar function (combined transmit-receive sonar beam intensity as a function of tilt angle obtained in this sonar reference frame); sonar vehicle roll; form and function of the seabed backscatter (proportion incident on the seabed backscattered signal to sonar as a function of the angle of incidence relative to the sea floor); and the slope of the seabed. The different angles of view are generated by the translation of the sonar, because of the discrete steps involved by the sequential pings, the angular sampling of the bottom.
Stiva Cave: A New Discover Of Prehistoric Hominid Underwater Cave
Authors: Harbowo Danni Gathot , Alouw Stiva , Soetamanggala Theresia Gerungan , Gerungan Azalia
Published: June 2017

Stiva Cave is an underwater cave (15,3 m below recent sea level), which located in Nusa Penida, Bali, Indonesia. Nusa Penida is a Karst landscape island in southern Bali Island. No many underwater caves are known and explored in this area, Stiva Cave is a first underwater cave which explored and discovered in Nusa Penida area. In this cave we found a number of fossils that we identified as vertebrate fossil and unique process that very potential for geotourism, especially for fun diving tourism. We mapped entire cave tunnel and measure a safety and risk for scuba diving, then we identified the fossil. At the result, there a several risk that need to be aware and several safety procedures that must be allow for observer. In other way, we found many similar fossils that and it spread in different tunnel that very potential for education in geotourism. We suggest that this cave is a shelter for hominid species when Last Glacial Maximum happens, before 21.000 years ago
The efficacy and safety of naproxen in acute rheumatic fever: The comparative results of 11-year experience with acetylsalicylic acid and naproxen
Authors: Çetin İbrahim İlker , Sürücü Murat , Arı Mehmet Emre , Kibar Ayşe Esin , Azak Emine , Eminoğlu Sancar , Çevik Berna Şaylan , Kocabaş Abdullah , Ekici Filiz , Orgun Ali
Published: June 2017

The objective was to compare the efficacy and safety of naproxen (NXN) to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) in the treatment of acute rheumatic fever (ARF). The data of 338 children were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were grouped according to joint and valve involvement and also drug chosen [methyl prednisolone (mPSL), ASA or NXN]. The treatment results and adverse events in each group were compared. The mean age was 10.3 years and the median follow-up was 62 months. Median time for normalization of acute phase reactants was 1 week in patients given steroids and 2 weeks in patients given ASA or NXN. ASA was replaced with NXN in 18 patients (10.2%) due to hepatic toxicity. The rate of rebound, recurrence and the prevalence of rheumatic valve disease were not different in patients given NXN, ASA or mPSL. In conclusion, NXN is a safe and effective alternative to ASA in the treatment of ARF in children.
Hepatitis A virus epidemiology in Turkey as universal childhood vaccination begins: seroprevalence and endemicity by region
Authors: Demiray Tayfur , Köroğlu Mehmet , Jacobsen Kathryn H , Özbek Ahmet , Terzi Hüseyin A , Altındiş Mustafa
Published: June 2017

This paper presents the results of a comprehensive examination of current distribution of Hepatitis A virus (HAV) seroprevalence and endemicity in Turkey and the possible links between HAV endemicity and socioeconomic development. We performed a systematic search in online resources published between January 2000 and August 2015. The 22 provinces were able to be assigned a hepatitis A endemicity level based on this systematic review. The incidence rates for symptomatic hepatitis A infection are higher in the eastern part of Turkey than in the western and central region. These differences in socioeconomic indicators by region suggest the likelihood of lower seroprevalence rates in the western parts of the country and higher rates in the eastern region. Turkey's current policy of recommending hepatitis A immunization for all children without contraindications is an appropriate one and is likely to remain the best option for at least the next decade or two.
Increased mean platelet volume in children with sepsis as a predictor of mortality
Authors: İşgüder Rana , Ceylan Gökhan , Ağın Hasan , Nacaroğlu Hikmet Tekin , Korkmaz Hüseyin A , Devrim İlker , Vergin Canan
Published: June 2017

Our aim is to investigate the correlation between the mean platelet volume (MPV) levels and platelet counts of the septic children with 28-day mortality risk. MPV at admission (MPV < sub > adm < /sub > ), MPV at 72 < sup > nd < /sup > hour (MPV < sub > 72h < /sub > ) and the difference between these two parameters (ΔMPV < sub > 72h-adm < /sub > ) and platelet counts were recorded retrospectively. The control group consisted of 100 healthy children matched for age, gender, and ethnicity. One hundred eighty six children were enrolled into the study. The study group had significant higher MPV values than those of control group. There were 156 survivors and 32 nonsurvivors in study group with a mortality rate of 17%. Nonsurvivors had significantly higher MPV < sub > adm < /sub > (p: 0.001), MPV < sub > 72h < /sub > (p: 0.001), ΔMPV < sub > 72h-adm < /sub > (p < 0.001) and lower platelet count (p: 0.002) than survivors. MPVadm (OR 2.39), MPV < sub > 72h < /sub > (OR 4.23), ΔMPV < sub > 72h-adm < /sub > (OR 6.4), platelet count (OR 7.3), and need for mechanical ventilation support (OR 9.76) had significant effect on 28-day mortality risk at logistic regression analysis. At the receiver operating characteristic analysis (ROC) the cutoff values for MPV < sub > adm < /sub > , MPV < sub > 72h < /sub > , and ΔMPV < sub > 72h-adm < /sub > were found to be 9 fL, 9.86 fL, and 0.79, respectively. Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank test proved that these cutoff values were significantly associated with the time of survival. Septic children who had high MPV levels at admission and whose MPV levels increased during follow up had higher risk of mortality. With the results of further researches targetting large groups of pediatric patients, MPV < sub > adm < /sub > , MPV < sub > 72h < /sub > , and ΔMPV < sub > 72h-adm < /sub > values can be fast and reliable markers for early diagnosis of sepsis and mortality prediction.
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: an unusual cause of recurrent intussusception in a 7-year-old boy
Authors: Kılıç Sinan , Atıcı Ahmet , Soyköse-Açıkalın Özlem
Published: June 2017

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder characterized by intestinal hamartomatous polyps in association with mucocutaneous pigmentations. Main symptoms of PJS in childhood are abdominal pain, obstruction, intussusception, and bleeding from hamartomatous polyps. PJS carries a high risk of gastrointestinal cancer with advancing years. Although, intussusception has been reported as a well-known complication of PJS, recurrent intussusception as an alarming finding in a patient with normal gastrointestinal endoscopy is uncommon. A 7-year-old boy who had recurrent intussusception episodes and diagnosed with PJS histopathological confirmation after surgical excision of involved bowel segments is presented to discuss the clinical features and treatment options of recurrent intussusception as a presenting finding of PJS.
Seizures and diagnostic difficulties in hyperinsulinism-hyperammonemia syndrome
Authors: Aka Sibel , Alanay Yasemin , Boodhansingh Kara E , Stanley Charles A , Semiz Serap
Published: June 2017

Hyperinsulinism/hyperammonemia (HI/HA) syndrome is a rare disorder presented with recurrent hypoglycemia and elevated serum ammonia, which may lead to development delays, permanent neurologic damages, if it remains underdiagnosed. It is caused by activating mutations in the GLUD1 gene which encodes the intra-mitochondrial enzyme glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH). HI/HA syndrome is considered the second most common form of hyperinsulinism (HI), and usually associated with epileptic seizures, mental retardation and generalized dystonia. We reported a patient who was diagnosed as HI/HA with multiple episodes of seizures; and previously had been diagnosed and treated for epilepsy. She has heterozygous mutation in GLUD1 gene. Treatment with diazoxide enabled complete resolution of the seizures. One year later, when her brother was six months old, he was also diagnosed with HI/HA. Later, the same mutation of GLUD1 was detected in both her father and brother too.
Coexistence of early onset sarcoidosis and partial interferon-γ receptor 1 deficiency
Authors: Çakan Mustafa , Keskindemirci Gonca , Aydoğmuş Çiğdem , Akı Hilal , Hatipoğlu Nevin , Kıyak Aysel , Aydoğan Gönül , Aktay-Ayaz Nuray
Published: June 2017

Pediatric sarcoidosis comprises a spectrum of childhood granulomatous inflammatory conditions. Pathological hallmark of the disease is granuloma formation that is seen in the affected tissues and almost any organ or system can be involved. There are two forms of pediatric sarcoidosis. One is seen in older children and the clinical picture is very similar to that of adult sarcoidosis and the other one is seen in early childhood. Sarcoidosis in early childhood can be divided as Blau syndrome (familial form) and early onset sarcoidosis (sporadic form). In both of the diseases there is a defect in the NOD2/CARD15 gene. The typical triad of early onset sarcoidosis is polyarthritis, dermatitis and uveitis. Interferon-γ receptor 1 deficiency is caused by defects in the IFNγR1 gene and non-tuberculosis mycobacterial pathogens are the leading causes of infections that start in early childhood. Herein we report a patient who presented with the symptoms of early onset sarcoidosis and also had partial interferon-γ receptor 1 deficiency that presented with BCG-osis. In addition to anti-mycobacterial treatment, methotrexate and prednisolone were used in therapy.
Cerebrovascular complication of infective endocarditis complicated with abdominal trauma
Authors: Akyıldız Başak , Ülgen-Tekerek Nazan , Özyurt Abdullah , Pamukçu Özge , Narin Nazmi
Published: June 2017

A 9-year-old boy presented to the emergency department with blunt abdominal trauma. Initial assessment was normal except for abdominal tenderness. On day 3, patient was transferred to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) for hemodynamic instability, and persistent fever despite antibiotic therapy. On PICU admission, his body temperature was 40 0C, heart rate was 160/min, respiratory rate was 36/min, blood pressure was 85/40 mmHg, and impaired consciousness was noticed. Complete blood count revealed hemoglobin of 11.5 g/dl, white blood cell count of 22,500/mm3 and platelet count of 145,000/mm3. Serum C-reactive protein and procalcitonin were 139 mg/dl and 8.80 ng/ml, respectively. Renal and liver function test results were normal. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was planned because of impaired consciousness and fever. On cranial MRI, multiple infarct areas were detected in both hemispheres and minimal hemorrhagic focus was found in the left temporal region. Because of the cranial MRI findings and fever echocardiographic examination was planned to exclude infective endocarditis. Transthoracic echocardiography successfully visualized mitral valve prolapse, 14x8 mm mobile vegetation on the atrial side of the posterior leaflet of the mitral valve, and severe mitral regurgitation. The left chambers were dilated. There was no evidence of a perivalvular abscess. On control transthoracic echocardiography, after 6 weeks of parenteral antibiotic treatment, there was no significant reduction of the visible vegetation therefore surgery was planned. Infective endocarditis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of fever of unknown origin. Especially during the early stage of disease, cranial MRI may be more useful to prevent fatal complications for patients with neurologic examination findings.
Corynebacterium propinquum bronchopneumonia in a child with ataxia telangiectasia
Authors: Malkoçoğlu Gülşah , Gencer Haşim , Kaya Ayşenur , Dalgıç Nazan , Bulut Mehmet Emin , Aktaş Elif
Published: June 2017

Nondiphtherial Corynebacterium species isolated from clinical specimens are usually considered as contaminants by many clinicians when reported by microbiologists. However, an increasing number of studies have confirmed the importance of Corynebacterium spp. in the etiology of a variety of infectious processes. In this report, we present a case of bronchopneumonia caused by Corynebacterium propinquum. The infection occurred in a seven-year-old child who had a history of immunosuppression due to ataxia telangiectasia. The purulent sputum of the patient yielded a large number of polymorphonuclear leucocytes with abundant gram-positive coryneform bacilli in gram staining and pure growth of coryneform bacteria in culture. Definitive identification as C. propinquum was made by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. C. propinquum should be recognized as a potential pathogen and included in the etiologic diagnostic algorithm, particularly in patients with immunosuppressive conditions.
H7N9 not only endanger human health but also hit stock marketing
Authors: Sun Wenjie
Published: June 2017

Objective: This study aims to discuss the correlation between daily reported H7N9 cases and stock price indices in China.

Methods: Information on daily reported H7N9 cases and stock market sectors indices between February 19, 2013 and March 31, 2014 were collected. A distributed lag non-linear model was used to describe the variation trend for the stock indices

Results: The daily reported number of H7N9 cases was associated with the closing price of the Avian Influenza Sector Index (P < 0.05) and the opening price of the Shanghai Composite Index (P = 0.029). The Avian Influenza Sector Index decreased with increasing of daily reported case number when daily reported cases ? 4. Case number was associated with the opening/closing price of the Chinese Traditional Medicine Sector Index, the Biological Product Sector Index, and the Biomedicine Sector Index (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: New or reemerging infectious diseases epidemic cause economic loss which is reflected in movements in stock prices.
Ongoing haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) outbreak caused by sorbitol-fermenting (SF) Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157, Germany, December 2016 to May 2017
Authors: Vygen-Bonnet Sabine , Rosner Bettina , Wilking Hendrik , Fruth Angelika , Prager Rita , Kossow Annelene , Lang Christina , Simon Sandra , Seidel Juliane , Faber Mirko , Schielke Anika , Michaelis Kai , Holzer Alexandra , Kamphausen Rolf , Kalhöfer Daniela , Thole Sebastian , Mellmann Alexander , Flieger Antje , Stark Klaus
Published: June 2017

We report an ongoing, protracted and geographically dispersed outbreak of haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) and gastroenteritis in Germany, involving 30 cases since December 2016. The outbreak was caused by the sorbitol-fermenting immotile variant of Shiga toxin-producing (STEC) Escherichia coli O157. Molecular typing revealed close relatedness between isolates from 14 cases. One HUS patient died. Results of a case–control study suggest packaged minced meat as the most likely food vehicle. Food safety investigations are ongoing.
A case–control study to assess the effectiveness of pertussis vaccination during pregnancy on newborns, Valencian community, Spain, 1 March 2015 to 29 February 2016
Authors: Bellido-Blasco Juan , Guiral-Rodrigo Silvia , Míguez-Santiyán Ana , Salazar-Cifre Antonio , González-Morán Francisco
Published: June 2017

In the Valencian Community (Spain), the programme of maternal pertussis vaccination during pregnancy started in January 2015. The objective of this study was to estimate in this region the vaccine effectiveness (VE) in protecting newborns against laboratory-confirmed pertussis infection. A matched case–control study was undertaken in the period between 1 March 2015 and 29 February 2016. Twenty-two cases and 66 controls (+/− 15 days of age difference) were included in the study. Cases were non-vaccinated infants < 3 months of age at disease onset testing positive for pertussis by real-time PCR. For every case three unvaccinated controls were selected. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated by multiple conditional logistic regression for association between maternal vaccination and infant pertussis. Other children in the household, as well as mother- and environmental covariates were taken into account. The VE was calculated as 1 − OR. Mothers of five cases (23%) and of 41 controls (62%) were vaccinated during pregnancy. The adjusted VE was 90.9% (95% confidence interval (CI): 56.6 to 98.1). The only covariate in the final model was breastfeeding (protective effect). Our study provides evidence in favour of pertussis vaccination programmes for pregnant women in order to prevent whooping cough in infants aged less than 3 months.
Conventional and high-resolution vessel wall MRI of intracranial aneurysms: current concepts and new horizons
Authors: Lehman Vance T. , Brinjikji Waleed , Mossa-Basha Mahmud , Lanzino Giuseppe , Rabinstein Alejandro A. , Kallmes David F. , Huston John
Published: June 2017

Intracranial aneurysms are heterogeneous in histopathology and imaging appearance. The biological behavior of different types of aneurysms is now known to depend on the structure and physiology of the aneurysm wall itself in addition to intraluminal flow and other luminal features. Aneurysm wall structure and imaging markers of physiology such as aneurysm wall enhancement have been assessed in many prior investigations using conventional-resolution MRI. Recently, high-resolution vessel wall imaging (HR-VWI) techniques with MRI have been introduced. Reports of findings on high-resolution imaging have already emerged for many types of aneurysms demonstrating detailed characterization of wall enhancement, thickness, and components, but many questions remain unexplored. This review discusses the key HR-VWI literature to date. Aneurysm wall findings on conventional-resolution MRI are also discussed as these may help one understand the potential utility and findings on HR-VWI for various aneurysm types. The authors have illustrated these points with several examples demonstrating both features already described in the literature and novel cases demonstrating the potential for future clinical and research applications.
Risk factors associated with postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak after endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery
Authors: Fraser Shannon , Gardner Paul A. , Koutourousiou Maria , Kubik Mark , Fernandez-Miranda Juan C. , Snyderman Carl H. , Wang Eric W.
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVE

The aim in this paper was to determine risk factors for the development of a postoperative CSF leak after an endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) for resection of skull base tumors.

METHODS

A retrospective review of patients who underwent EEA for the resection of intradural pathology between January 1997 and June 2012 was performed. Basic demographic data were collected, along with patient body mass index (BMI), tumor pathology, reconstruction technique, lumbar drainage, and outcomes.

RESULTS

Of the 615 patients studied, 103 developed a postoperative CSF leak (16.7%). Sex and perioperative lumbar drainage did not affect CSF leakage rates. Posterior fossa tumors had the highest rate of CSF leakage (32.6%), followed by anterior skull base lesions (21.0%) and sellar/suprasellar lesions (9.9%) (p < 0.0001). There was a higher leakage rate for overweight and obese patients (BMI > 25 kg/m2) than for those with a healthy-weight BMI (18.7% vs 11.5%; p = 0.04). Patients in whom a pedicled vascularized flap was used for reconstruction had a lower leakage rate than those in whom a free graft was used (13.5% vs 27.8%; p = 0.0015). In patients with a BMI > 25 kg/m2, the use of a pedicled flap reduced the rate of CSF leakage from 29.5% to 15.0% (p = 0.001); in patients of normal weight, this reduction did not reach statistical significance (21.9% [pedicled flap] vs 9.2% [free graft]; p = 0.09).

CONCLUSIONS

Preoperative BMI > 25 kg/m2 and tumor location in the posterior fossa were associated with higher rates of postoperative CSF leak. Use of a pedicled vascularized flap may be associated with reduced risk of a CSF leak, particularly in overweight patients.
Demographic and clinical predictors of multiple intracranial aneurysms in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: McDowell Michael M. , Zhao Yin , Kellner Christopher P. , Barton Sunjay M. , Sussman Eric , Claassen Jan , Ducruet Andrew F. , Connolly E. Sander
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVE

Pathophysiological differences that underlie the development and subsequent growth of multiple aneurysms may exist. In this study, the authors assessed the factors associated with the occurrence of multiple aneurysms in patients presenting with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).

METHODS

Consecutive patients presenting with aneurysmal SAH between 1996 and 2012 were prospectively enrolled in the Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Outcome Project. Patients harboring 1, 2, or 3 or more aneurysms were stratified into groups, and the clinical and radiological characteristics of each group were compared using multivariate logistic regression.

RESULTS

Of 1277 patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms, 890 had 1 aneurysm, 267 had 2 aneurysms, and 120 had 3 or more aneurysms. On multinomial regression using the single-aneurysm cohort as base case, risk factors for patients presenting with 2 aneurysms were female sex (relative risk ratio [RRR] 1.80, p < 0.001), higher body mass index (BMI) (RRR 1.02, p = 0.003), more years of smoking (RRR = 1.01, p = 0.004), and black race (RRR 1.83, p = 0.001). The risk factors for patients presenting with 3 or more aneurysms were female sex (RRR 3.10, p < 0.001), higher BMI (RRR 1.03, p < 0.001), aneurysm in the posterior circulation (RRR 2.59, p < 0.001), and black race (RRR 2.15, p = 0.001). Female sex, longer smoking history, aneurysms in the posterior circulation, BMI, and black race were independently associated with the development of multiple aneurysms in our adjusted multivariate multinomial model.

CONCLUSIONS

Significant demographic and clinical differences are found between patients presenting with single and multiple aneurysms in the setting of aneurysmal SAH. These predictors of multiple aneurysms likely reflect a predisposition toward inflammation and endothelial injury.
Stereotactic body radiotherapy for de novo spinal metastases: systematic review
Authors: Husain Zain A. , Sahgal Arjun , De Salles Antonio , Funaro Melissa , Glover Janis , Hayashi Motohiro , Hiraoka Masahiro , Levivier Marc , Ma Lijun , Martínez-Alvarez Roberto , Paddick J. Ian , Régis Jean , Slotman Ben J. , Ryu Samuel
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this systematic review was to provide an objective summary of the published literature pertaining to the use of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) specific to previously untreated spinal metastases.

METHODS

The authors performed a systematic review, using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, of the literature found in a search of Medline, PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library up to March 2015. The search strategy was limited to publications in the English language.

RESULTS

A total of 14 full-text articles were included in the analysis. All studies were retrospective except for 2 studies, which were prospective. A total of 1024 treated spinal lesions were analyzed. The median follow-up time ranged from 9 to 49 months. A range of dose-fractionation schemes was used, the most common of which were 16–24 Gy/1 fraction (fx), 24 Gy/2 fx, 24–27 Gy/3 fx, and 30–35 Gy/5 fx. In studies that reported crude results regarding in-field local tumor control, 346 (85%) of 407 lesions remained controlled. For studies that reported actuarial values, the weighted average revealed a 90% 1-year local control rate. Only 3 studies reported data on complete pain response, and the weighted average of these results yielded a complete pain response rate of 54%. The most common toxicity was new or progressing vertebral compression fracture, which was observed in 9.4% of cases; 2 cases (0.2%) of neurologic injury were reported.

CONCLUSION

There is a paucity of prospective data specific to SBRT in patients with spinal metastases not otherwise irradiated. This systematic review found that SBRT is associated with favorable rates of local control (approximately 90% at 1 year) and complete pain response (approximately 50%), and low rates of serious adverse events were found. Practice guidelines are summarized based on these data and International Stereotactic Radiosurgery Society consensus.