bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The influence of seed origin on stand variables of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in European Russia according to long-term observations
Authors: Lebedev A V , Gemonov A V , Gradusov V M , Gostev V V , Saykova D Yu , Seliverstov A M
Published: March 2021

Scots pine is one of the most widespread tree species in Eurasia, which determines its confinement to different growing conditions. The origin of the planting material influences the variables of forest stands. According to the data of long-term experiments in the Forest Experimental District of the Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, it was revealed that the most promising are the stands grown from seeds of local origin. Such stands are characterized by maximum wood quality, durability and productivity.
Modeling of growth and development of modal fir and spruce stands in Middle Siberia
Authors: Mikhaylov P V , Sul’tson S M , Verkhovets S V , Shevelev S L , Goroshko A A
Published: March 2021

At present, a significant area of Siberian dark coniferous forests is characterized by a significant decrease in resistance due to recurrent forest fires, mass reproduction of insect pests and diseases, which leads to their natural degradation and death. However, the intensity of the growth processes of the coniferous stand under certain forest conditions persists in the long term. Therefore, the creation of regression models of the course of forest growth with the identification of forest conditions is very important both from the point of view of practice and environmental monitoring. The object of the study was the stands of Siberian fir (Abies sibirica Ledeb) and Siberian spruce (Picea obovate Ledeb) of bonitet classes III-IV, growing in the conditions of the West Siberian southern taiga plain forest region on the territory of the Yenisei forestry of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The initial data for studying the processes of natural growth of fir and spruce plantations were the materials of the mass inventory of 11097 units. As a result of the work carried out for modal fir-spruce stands, concentrated in the territory of Central Siberia (Yenisei forestry of the Krasnoyarsk Territory), regression models of the growth course have been developed, which make it possible to predict the dynamics of taxation indicators and reproduce the succession picture of the development of stands.
Preface International e-Conference on Sustainable Agriculture and Farming System (ICoSAFS 2020)
Authors: Sudarsono S , Suwardi S , Junaedi A
Published: March 2021

The International e-Conference on Sustainable Agriculture and Farming System (ICoSAFS 2020) was organized by the Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia. The ICoSAFS 2020 was conducted to facilitate exchanges among researchers about the advanced progress in sustainable agriculture and farming system research. The e-conference successfully attracted as many as 271 attendants, 80 presentations and scientists from 10 countries including Croatia, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, and the USA. The major scientific presentation topics discussed in the ICoSAFS 2020 include agricultural economics, farming system, landscape, plant production, plant protection, soil science, sustainable agriculture, and other miscellaneous topics associated with sustainable agriculture and farming system.
Strategies to optimize women’s participation in palm cattle integration
Authors: Wulandari S , Villano R
Published: March 2021

Palm cattle integration as an integrated farming system is intrinsically complex. The model involves different processes and interactions between various actors in the value chain. The participation of women farmers in agriculture is considered the primary social capital in creating agricultural sustainability and improving productivity, but norms and socio-cultural aspects often dictate these roles. Investing in women in smallholder-based supply chains is expected to increase productivity, reduce costs, and improve broader goals. Approximately 49% of agricultural households comprise of women farmers. While both men and women contribute significantly to palm cattle integration, rural women’s roles in production activities and technology transfer are not fully documented. On the other side, women’s participation in agricultural activities is still faced with various constraints. Hence, this study’s aim is twofold: to analyze the driving factors and constraints that motivate women’s participation and formulate strategies to increase women’s participation in palm cattle integration. This study provides useful information to develop appropriate intervention policies and strategies to support, enhance, and increase women’s participation in palm cattle integration.
Agroforestry farming system as peatland restoration efforts in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Jaya A , Sosilawaty  , Antang E U , Djaya A A , Gunawan H
Published: March 2021

Peatland degradation is caused by various factors, such as excessive drainage and frequent fires. The Government of Indonesia established the Peatland Restoration Agency in 2016 to accelerate peatland restoration and peat’s hydrological function. This study analyses agroforestry in priority areas for peat restoration. The results showed that farmers applied agroforestry cultivated land by combining jelutong (Dyera costulata) with many types of commercial plants at a spacing of 3 m × 6 m. Growth of Jelutong showed good performance with an average growth of 1.42 ± 0.49 cm yr−1 diameter and a height of 91.33 ± 36.77 cm yr−1. The crops cultivated with jelutong included luffa (Luffa acutangula), bitter gourd (Momordica charantia), leek (Allium ampeloprasum), and chilli (Capsicum annuum). The average income per planting period ranging from IDR 850,000 up to IDR 19,250,000 for a 1000 m2 planting area. The best income and cost ratio (R/C) is bitter gourd farming with a value of 7, eggplant, luffa, and waxy corn with a value of 3, while the smallest is leek with a value of 2. Some farmers can develop their agriculture in the form of planting areas or agricultural varieties. The formation of agricultural capital has now begun with monthly contribution obligations at regular monthly meetings.
In vitro regeneration of Sesbania grandiflora using explants
Authors: Mardhiyetti  , Jamarun N , Syarif Z , Suliansyah I
Published: March 2021

Sesbania grandiflora is a fast-growing multipurpose legume tree used for animal feed, besides that. S. grandiflora has a high crude protein content. Several studies have reported regeneration of plantlets from explants but a successful transfer of regenerated plantlets following micropropagation of S. grandiflora has not previously been reported. The objective of this study was to regenerate S. grandiflora by tissue culture. Explants were cultured on Murashige Skoog (MS), Woody Plant Medium (WPM), and Gamborg medium (B5). The best medium was supplemented with different concentrations of naphthalene acetic acid (0.0, 0.08, 0.10 mg/l NAA) and butyric amino purine (1 mg/l BAP) for induction of shoots. Several concentrations of NAA (0.2, 0.4, 0,6 mg/l) were used to induce roots, and plantlets were then transplanted to acclimatization media. The basal medium, MS performed better than WPM and B5. The best shoot induction was obtained on MS medium containing 1 mg/l BAP and 0.08 mg/l NAA. Shootlets were rooted in WPM medium supplemented with 0.2 mg/l naphthalene acetic acid transplanted to acclimatization medium. MS medium and cotyledon explants can be used in micropropagation of turi.
Relationship of size and shape rice seed to early seedling vigor traits
Authors: Fauzi A R , Junaedi A , Lubis I , Ghulamahdi M , Aswidinnoor H
Published: March 2021

Rice crop improvement program for direct-seeded has been directed at identifying the quality of seeds with rapid uniform germination and biomass accumulation during the initial phase of seedling establishment. Seed and embryo size are thought as two critical factors in the emergence of faster and vigorous seedlings. For the reason, this study was purposed to evaluate the relationship between the size and shape of rice seed with embryo size and its effects on germination. This study was designed using rice seeds from 55 genotypes, which were grouped in three sizes (medium, long, and extra-long) and two shapes (medium and slender). Germination was conducted with the top of paper method in a controlled germinator (24h lighting, 25 ± 2°C, 95%). We have found that the size and shape of seed significantly affected (α < 0.05) to embryo length, the time of radicles and plumules emergence, and seedling dry weight. Longer seeds tended to have longer embryos and emerged of radicles and plumules faster. Meanwhile, longer seeds with slender shape tend to have greater seedling dry weight. The results informed that the size and shape of rice seeds could be considered important characters for early seedling vigor traits in direct-seeded systems.
Morphological characters of Rhynchophorus spp. (Coleoptera:Curculionidae) associated with sago, coconut, and oil palm in Indonesia
Authors: Rozziansha T A P , Hidayat P , Harahap I S
Published: March 2021

Rhynchophorusweevil is known as the most damaging insect pest of palms worldwide and the major pest in sago (Metroxylon Sagu) and coconut (Cocosnucifera)in Indonesia. Nowadays,Rhynchophorusweevil has become a threat to oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) since 2018. This study aims to identifyRhynchophorusspp. morphological characteristics and pronotal color pattern polymorphism in sago, coconut, and oil palm using 16 morphological characters, i.e., length and width of pronotum, elytra, and rostrum. The variations between samples were assessed by one-way ANOVA and principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed three types of pronotal patterns, specifically to the weevil species. They were red stripe, red stripe-spot marking, and black for oil palm, coconut, and sago, respectively. There were no significant differences in all morphological characters ofRhynchophorusspp. in coconut and oil palm. In contrast, 12 morphological characters ofRhynchophorusspp. in sago were different from oil palm and coconut. TheRhynchophorusassociated with oil palm and coconut has differences in the pronotal color pattern but has similarities in all morphological characters, identified asR. vulneratus. TheRhynchophorusassociated with sago has black pronotal color, and the smaller size is alleged to beR. bilineatus.
Characterization of rambai (Baccaurea motleyana) genes putatively involved in sugar metabolism
Authors: Nurmayani S , Widodo W D , Matra D D
Published: March 2021

Rambai (Baccaurea motleyana) is one of the underutilized fruits native to Indonesia. Rambai has high antioxidant activities containing phenolic, flavonoid, and anthocyanin compounds, secondary metabolite compounds derived from sugar metabolism. The sugar metabolism involved several related genes. This research aimed to characterize genes putatively involved in sugar metabolism in Rambai. Six sugar gene families were identified from 37 077 contigs of the assembled-transcriptome database against to UniProt database using the BLASTX program. The six sugar-related genes were characterized involved nine contigs of sucrose-phosphate synthase (SPS), three contigs of sucrose-phosphatase (SPP), 14 contigs of sucrose synthase (SUS), 19 contigs of alkaline/neutral invertase (INV), one contig of cytosolic invertase (CINV) and five contigs of beta-fructofuranosidase (CWINV). This research aims to give a comprehensive study of the sugar metabolism mechanism in B. motleyana. The data also revealed the genes that encoded the enzymes that were putatively involved in sugar metabolism.
Isolation and characterization genes in lobi-lobi (Flacourtia inermis) related to sugar metabolism
Authors: Silaban Y W , Suketi K , Susanto S , Matra D D
Published: March 2021

Lobi-lobi (Flacourtia inermis) is probably a native plant to the Moluccas (Maluku). In Indonesia, lobi-lobi fruit is used for traditional medicine because it has a phenolic compound. Sugar metabolism involved several genes that control the photosynthesis pathway. This research aims to isolate and characterize genes in which related to sugar metabolism in Lobi-lobi. The lobi-lobi contigs have 694 452 contigs produced by the velvet-assembled genome. The sugar-related genes were isolated from the assembled-genomes database against to SwissProt Database using the BLASTX program. The six-sugar related-genes were characterized involved 36 contigs of Sucrose-phosphate synthase (SPS), six contigs of Sucrose-phosphatase (SPP), 46 contigs of Sucrose synthase (SUS), 36 contigs of Alkaline/neutral invertase (INV), four contigs of Cytosolic invertase (CINV), and 17 contigs of Beta-fructofuranosidase (CWINV), respectively. Comprehensive research on sugar metabolism was used in this study. Then, the data also revealed the biological functions of these genes in flowering time control in Lobi-lobi.
The potential of probiotic frozen yoghurt with the addition of fruits tamarillo to increase immunity
Authors: Pratama D R , Purwati E , Yuherman  , Melia S
Published: March 2021

Frozen yoghurt is a food that has the potential to increase immunity in preventing Covid-19, which is known as a functional food. These functional foods contain nutritional components for the body, such as probiotics with the addition of active substances from fruit. The purpose of this study was to analyze the potential of frozen yoghurt and the effect of adding Fruits Tamarillo to increase immunity, seen from the test variables including pH value, TTA (Total Titrable Acid), water content, fat content, protein content, total lactic acid bacterial colonies, and antioxidant activity. The method used was a 3 x 3 factorial randomized block design experimental method with three replications. The treatment was the addition of the percentage of frozen yoghurt starter concentrations A1 (3%), A2 (5%), A3 (7%) and Fruits Tamarillo B1 (0%), B2 (5%), B3 (10%) concentrations. The results of this study obtained the best results with the addition of a 5% starter, and addition of 5% Fruits Tamarillo, namely a pH value of 4.66, Total Titratable Acidity (TTA) 0.67, total lactic acid bacteria colonies 95.7 x 108 CFU / mL, and 44.25% antioxidant activity.
Effect addition Lactobacillus pentosus and juice carrot on nutrition quality of fermented chicken sausage
Authors: Aisyah E , Purwati E , Juliyarsi I , Melia S
Published: March 2021

The study aimed to effect the addition of Lactobacillus pentosus and juice carrot on the nutrition quality of the fermented chicken sausage. The research method was the experimental method by using a randomized block design (RBD) 3x3 factorial pattern with three replications as a group. Factor A is concentration of lactic acid bacteria, 0% (A1), 10% (A2), 20% (A3) and Factor B is the concentration of carrot, 0% (B1), 10% (B2), 20% (B3). The nutrition of composition measured was water content, protein content, fat content, and pH of fermented chicken sausages. The results showed no significant interaction (P> 0,05) on water content, protein content, fat content, and pH of fermented chicken sausage. Still, lactic acid bacteria concentration has a highly significant effect (P <0,01) on pH. The fermented chicken sausage contains water 63,27% - 66,47%, protein 15,40% - 17,20%, fat 6,89% - 7,55%, and pH 4,47-4,86. The results of fermented chicken sausage research are in accordance with Indonesian nutritional value standards.
Study on Optimization of Rural Housing Energy-saving Reconstruction Strategy in Severe Cold Area
Authors: Liu Yuanfang , Li Junwei , Yang Hongze
Published: March 2021

Unreasonable design of the outer envelope structure of rural houses in severe cold areas leads to high heat consumption index, poor indoor comfort and increased heating cost in winter. In order to solve this problem, this paper takes a rural house in Heilongjiang as an example, establishes a three-dimensional model using BIM technology, calculates the heat consumption of existing maintenance structures, and proposes an energy-saving renovation scheme. The energy-saving percentage is obtained by numerical calculation before and after the energy-saving renovation of the rural houses using building energy consumption simulation software DeST, and the investment cost of the energy-saving renovation scheme is given through economic and technical analysis. The energy consumption of the reconstructed building is reduced, the indoor comfort is improved, and the people’s happiness is enhanced.
Research on Distribution Network Planning Strategy Considering New Energy and Volatile Multiple Loads
Authors: Wang Haibin , Wei Yiran , Chen Jiang , Chen Degao , Zhang Zhuqing
Published: March 2021

With the progress of new energy resources technology and distributed generation technique, using intelligent monitoring and integrated management technology to connect distributed power supply to regional distribution network to improve renewable energy utilization has become a hot research topic. This article summarizes and discusses the domestic and foreign research that considers the integration of new energy into the distribution network, analyses the impact of new energy output and the access of multiple volatile loads on the distribution network, and then studies the distribution network planning strategy of load access that considers new energy access and multiple volatility. Finally, an example proves the rationality and effectiveness of the method.
Exploration of Thermal Management Issues in the Battery Life Cycle
Authors: Yang Qiyu , Wang Jialiang
Published: March 2021

In order to comprehensively track and monitor battery performance across time domains and perform efficient thermal management. This article first summarized the research progress and status quo of battery aging models, and then coupled it with thermoelectric models to obtain the evolution of battery characteristic parameters during battery decay. From the perspective of the battery life cycle, it explored the thermal safety control and overheating prevention technology of power batteries, proposed a feed-forward heat management strategy, and took cooling measures in advance to prevent the increase in heat production caused by aging. The results show that the feed-forward thermal management strategy can ensure the cooling effect of the cooling system on the battery in the later stage of aging.
Research on Cooling Characteristics of Power Battery Fast-charging of Refrigerant-based Direct Cooling System
Authors: Wang Jialiang , Zhang Yimin
Published: March 2021

In this paper, the temperature variation characteristics and control methods of power battery during rapid charging are studied. For the problem of large heat production in power battery fast-charging process, a refrigerant-based direct cooling battery thermal management system were built based on the AMEsim one-dimensional simulation platform. The change law of the battery temperature and the influence of different types of control thresholds on the cooling effect and the thermal management boundary of the cooling process in the constant current charging method of were studied. The results show that in the cooling process with the temperature as the threshold value, the cooling response is good under the condition of lower C-rate. With the increase of the C-rate, the temperature threshold cooling can not meet the cooling response requirements. Based on the consequence, the battery’s SOC(state of charge) was proposed as the control threshold signal for the advance cooling. The simulation results show that the SOC threshold cooling can control the highest temperature of the battery below 40°C, meeting the requirements of battery operation request. Through the full cooling of the maximum power, it is obtained that the thermal management boundary C-rate decreases linearly with the initial temperature change, and the final temperature in different initial temperatures increases linearly with the increase of the C-rate.
Design of Intelligent Energy Service System Based on Industrial Internet
Authors: Zhou Zhicheng , Gong Guangjing , Cheng Wei , Si Yunqiang , Zhou Guang
Published: March 2021

With increasing energy consumption, the problems of extensive management and low utilization efficiency in the process of energy use have become more and more prominent. How to improve energy utilization has become an important issue. This paper designs and implements a smart energy service system based on the Industrial Internet, which can provide services for energy service providers and energy customers. This paper describes the system from the aspects of overall architecture, business architecture, technical architecture and integration architecture. Finally, the demonstration application of the system is introduced, which verifies the effectiveness and practicability of the designed system.
A Study on the Law of Gas Production by Pyrolysis of Mixed Insulating Oil under Simulated Overheating Condition
Authors: Li Guoxing , Fu Lijun , Wang Yue , Li Lin , Zhang Liang , Guan Yanling
Published: March 2021

To analyze the law of decomposition and gas production of mixed insulating oil under the action of heat energy, this research conducted the decomposition test of mineral insulating oil, vegetable insulating oil and mixed insulating oil at different hot-spot temperatures through the thermal fault simulation test, compared and analyzed the gas production characteristics and differences of the three insulating oils under the action of heat energy, and analyzed the pyrolysis gas production mechanism of vegetable insulating oil. According to the test results, it can be found that under the condition of no insulating paper and metal catalyst, the characteristic gases produced by the three oils under the action of heat energy are the same, mainly H2, CH4, C2H4, C2H6, CO, CO2. When the temperature is higher than 700°C, a small amount of C2H2 will be produced; when the temperature is low overheated, the pyrolysis characteristic gases of mineral insulating oil are mainly H2 and CH4, while the characteristic gases of vegetable insulating oil and mixed insulating oil are H2 and C2H6; when heated, vegetable insulating oil is more easily to produce H2 than mineral insulating oil; under the same conditions, the CO and CO2 produced in the vegetable insulating oil are much more than that of the mineral insulating oil, dozens of times more at high temperature; the mixed oil presents similar characteristics to the vegetable insulating oil, which is consistent with the relatively large proportion of vegetable oil in the mixed oil.
Application Status and Trend of Autonomous Sailing Boat Based on New Energy
Authors: Li Lei , Liu Shixuan , Chen Shizhe , Wang Bo , Miao Bin
Published: March 2021

The autonomous sailing boat is becoming a rapidly developing technology for long time ocean science observations in recent years. In this paper, we give an overview of the representative autonomous sailing boat and typical application in the ocean researches, and point out the characteristics which are different from others. We discuss the control system method of autonomous sailing boat and summarize it into a three layer mode structure based on the application and effect. Based on the controlled target we analyse the relationship between the three layers, and discuss the typical control algorithm respectively and application boundary in each layer. We conclude with a brief outlook on the parameter selection of different application for design and the main problems of existing control algorithms. At the last part of this paper, we show a brief outlook on the development direction and key technologies to be broken through in practical application of global ocean environments.
Major Understanding and Innovation, Challenges and Potential analysis of Shale Gas Exploration and Development in China
Authors: Liu Dexun , Wang Hongyan , Zhao Qun , Zhang Leifu , Liu Honglin , Liu Dealai , Liu Jipeng
Published: March 2021

Affected by the success of shale gas development in North America, the Chinese government and major oil and gas producers accurately grasped the development trend of shale gas industry, promoted the pilot tests and introduced policies effectively. In 2018, shale gas production in China was 1.53×1010m3. A total of 1000 horizontal wells were drilled. There are some major understanding and innovation achieved, such as stratigraphic division scheme, development characteristics of nanopores, causes of high TOC(Total Organic Carbon) in black shale. The Challenges are discussed. The endowment of shale gas resource is relatively poor. Some key technologies and equipment encounter “bottleneck” and there is poor external environment for development. At last, the paper analyses the development potentials of shale gas in China. The shale gas resources are rich, and shale gas will be the main contributor to the growth of China’s natural gas production. The next step is need to speed up exploration and development, and to increase reserves and production quickly. Also, it is necessary to insist on innovation, offer on-site services, guidance and support, thus providing technical support for realizing new historic leaps of shale gas in China.
Allocation of Sea Space Resources Based on Factor Endowments: a Numerical Example
Authors: Kang Minjie
Published: March 2021

A model of sea space resource allocation is constructed based on the idea of factor endowment theory. The effect of the model is explained by a numerical example. According to the theory of factor endowment, each sea area has the advantage of abundant factor intensive sea area utilization type. Each region should put more factors into the advantageous sea area utilization type. Compared with the output of the sea area utilization type with no advantages produced on its own self, the opportunity cost of obtaining the output of the sea area utilization type with no advantages through exchange is lower. The result of the numerical example shows that the total output of the two sea areas increases based on factor endowment allocation of sea resources. Both regions also achieved a win-win situation, with each region increasing its income by exchanging the output of sea use.
Numerical Analysis of Soil Squeezing Effect of Pipe Pile Construction in Deep Silt Site
Authors: Ding Jihui , Zhang Jinlei , Wang Qi , Zhang Jian , Qi Haitao
Published: March 2021

This article is based on a pile foundation project in Wenzhou City, combined with construction site monitoring data, and established a finite element model to analyze the soil squeezing displacement caused by the construction of PHC pipe piles in deep silt sites, as well as the displacement of different sizes of digged holes on the surface impact. When the distance from the pile position to monitoring point is 35 times of the pile diameter, the field test results show that the horizontal displacement and velocity change of the soil caused by the pile foundation construction decrease with the buried depth, and the main influence range is within the buried depth of 0-14 m. Numerical simulation results show that: (1)without digged hole, the main influence range of the main soil squeezing displacement is about 8 times of pile diameter; (2)the larger the diameter of the digged hole, the smaller the displacement and the influence range of the affected soil on the surface; (3)The ground squeeze displacement caused by the pile construction attenuates in a power function with the distance from the pile position to the measuring point.
The Effect of Phosphate Fertilizer on Fluoride Accumulation in Tea Leaves Based on Ecological Environment Analysis
Authors: Li Tao , He Jiangang , Zhou Zhao , Chen Ruilin , Tang Yongli , Wang Danyang , Feng Zixuan , Liu Yitin , Tian Bin , Ma Le , Sun Min
Published: March 2021

Moderate levels of fluoride ingestion are beneficial to human health. Tea plant can accumulate fluoride. The high intake of fluoride may lead to skeletal fluorosis and dental. When the usage of phosphate fertilizer increased, the water soluble fluoride contents in the soil increased and the soil pH values decreased. The fluoride contents in the green teas were linearly related with the water soluble fluoride contents in the soil. The phosphate fertilizer, which contained high levels of fluoride, led to the high fluoride contents in the mature green teas. In developing green chemistry and green engineering, it maybe a low-cost method for the reduction the contents of fluoride in mature teas by limiting on the fluoride content in phosphate fertilizer used in the tea plantations in China.
Study on Heatwave Disaster Prevention and Control Planning System—Enlightenment of Major Countries in the World
Authors: Huang Haijing , An Zhenwang
Published: March 2021

Due to global warming, the frequency and intensity of extreme heatwave are increasing. Heatwave disaster will become one of the most serious disasters in the future. In order to reduce the impact of heatwave, comparative analysis, case analysis and induction are used to study the response measures of heat wave disasters in major countries in the world, which are divided into the following two parts: heatwave disaster monitoring and early warning system and heat-health action plan. From the perspectives of early warning standards, response measures and response agencies, the standard and complete framework of heat health action plan is proposed. Some suggestions are put forward to establish a perfect and effective heatwave response system.
Study on Multi-objective Combination Model Based on Pollutants Control of Groundwater Allocation System
Authors: Dong Shen , Sheng Zebin , Wang Yilin
Published: March 2021

Groundwater resources are abundant on the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. However, due to the flat terrain and slow underground runoff, the water quality of groundwater intake wells is gradually deteriorating as a result of the deposition of pollutants, conventional allocation methods can’t meet the groundwater intake demand. In response to this problem, firstly, based on the investigation and study of groundwater intake rules and water quality characteristics on both sides of the Yellow River mainstream, the micro-hydraulic simulation model of the groundwater intake and allocation system is established. Secondly, Fourier Curve is used to fit and predict the characteristic pollutants for each well, then the water quality model of the groundwater allocation system is established combined with the dynamic equation. Finally, the combination model based on pollutants control of groundwater allocation system is constructed with three objectives, which are water quality optimization, safety optimization and energy consumption optimization. The model is solved by APGA algorithm and the corresponding calculation program is compiled with Visual Studio 2019. Through the application in a city on the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, the advantages of the model in pollutants control and energy consumption reduction are verified, meanwhile, a scientific and practical optimization technology for groundwater intake and allocation system is provided.
Development of Non-point Source Air Pollution Standard System in China
Authors: Jin Chenhong , Yang Shuo , Liu Yanping , Guan Jinxin , Wang Bo
Published: March 2021

Non-point source air pollution refers to the air pollution type that have no obvious source, which is regarded as an important contributor to the atmospheric pollution problem. Comparing to the point-source and linear-source air pollution, the standardization in the relation to non-point air pollution China is relatively sluggish. The present paper collected and analysed the existing air pollution standards in China, and establish the non-point source pollution standard system in the accordance with different sectors such as industry, agriculture, construction, transportation and social life. Due to the overlapped functions and unclear jurisdiction of different administrative departments, as well as the lagging progress of the government-dominated standard, a paradigm shift of non-point source air pollution standardization should be from government-dominated to market-oriented model. The lessons learned for other developing countries includes expanding standardization to multi-aspects to realize full lifecycle control and management, building rapid responding mechanism of standardization to reconcile with industry and social transformation, integrating outdated standards into new versions, and establishing market-based standard system.
Design of Duck Wave Power Generation Device Based on Wave Energy
Authors: Feng Yanqing , Zhang Guocai , Shen Yang , You Yong , Sun Junhui
Published: March 2021

The study of wave power generation is more and more popular in modern science and technology for the new renewable energy, in recent years. Designing wave power generation devices with high conversion efficiency and stability, and improving the technical level for commercialization are both scientifically interesting and potentially useful. Here we achieve the stability of wave generation equipment by establishing one nodding duck energy conversion system in a wave tank. Equipped with ultrasonic distance sensor, combining screw slide and stepper motor as draft self-regulation feedback system, our device is always in the best working performance under the single-chip microcomputer STM32 auto-measuring system. The good conversion efficiency performance can be 43%. The ARDUINO module and the Labview host computer interface are equipped to real-time visualize and characterize the parameters of the device and calculate the optimal power generation efficiency. Our designed device can resist damage validly with high conversion efficiency and stability.
A Parallel Electrical Optimized Load Forecasting Method Based on Quasi-Recurrent Neural Network
Authors: Yang Caiming , Wang Wenxing , Zhang Xinxin , Guo Qinhui , Zhu Tianyi , Ai Qian
Published: March 2021

Based on massive power big data resources, this paper establishes a new model for short-term load forecasting based on quasi-recurrent neural network (QRNN). QRNN combines the structural advantages of recurrent neural network (RNN) and convolutional neural network (CNN). It takes advantage of RNN’s cyclic connections to deal with the temporal dependencies of the load series, while implementing parallel calculations in both timestep and minibatch dimensions like CNN. The paper detailly describes the design and construction of QRNN, as well as the pre-processing and training steps of the forecasting model. Then, the algorithm is deployed to the big data platform, and an integrated load prediction system integrating data extraction, offline training, online forecasting and data visualization is developed. Finally, the proposed model is compared with some widely used machine learning load forecasting models. The results show that the QRNN based method achieves better prediction accuracy, and greatly improves the computational efficiency of training and testing, which is more practical for real-time and large-scale load forecasting.
Application Research of Big Data Real-time Processing Technology in Smart Grid
Authors: Zhou Sheng , Li Hongfa , Zhang Jianglong , Wu Shuling , Chen Shiton , Wu Xiaohua , Jin Tao
Published: March 2021

Big data is valuable, and big data processing technology can efficiently process massive data and get the value in big data, so the research and application of big data technology become popular nowadays. Smart grid is one of the most potential field for application of big data technology, applying big data technology to smart grid can improve the reliability and economy of smart grid. The operating conditions of power system changes rapidly, therefore, real-time processing technology became the focus of application field. This paper reviewed the data sources, data characteristics and data application scenarios of big data in smart grid, analyzed data processing modes of big data processing technology: batch processing and stream processing, and compared the realization methods of real-time big data processing, summarized the application of big data real-time processing technology in smart grid, and the challenges in the application, and finally, prospected the application of real-time big data processing technology in smart grid.
Research on Testing Method of Fault Injection for Motor Controller
Authors: Wang Bin , Zhang Zezhong , Ma Kai , Huang Xin , Wang Fang , Li Bo
Published: March 2021

According to the ISO 26262 standard, the fault injection test in the R&D verification stage can clearly show the stability or safety response ability of the Unit Under Test in the face of various faults or extreme conditions. This paper introduces the safety state mode of the motor drive system for electric vehicles, analyzes the possible fault forms of the Motor Controller Unit, builds a power hardware-in-the-loop test platform and carries out fault injection test by taking the motor rotation fault as an example. The results show that the fault injection test method proposed in this paper is an effective means to verify the functional safety of the electric drive system.
Research on H∞ Robust Control Strategy of Wind Turbine Hydraulic Variable Pitch System
Authors: Wang Shaoping , Wang Bing , Shen Wangping
Published: March 2021

The variable pitch system is an important part of the wind turbine. In consideration of the parameter uncertainty and external interference in the hydraulic variable pitch system, this paper proposes a H ∞ robust control strategy for the wind turbine variable pitch system. Firstly, the model of the system is given and the equation of state is obtained. According to the performance requirements, the weighted function which meets the system requirements in the process of the mixed sensitivity optimization is selected, and then the state space realization of the system generalized controlled object is obtained. Then, the H ∞ controller is obtained by solving Riccati equation. Finally, the designed system reduces the steady-state error, and improves the robustness of the system.
Structural and Building Engineering – an Introduction
Authors: Šenitková Ingrid Juhásová , Juhás Pavol
Published: March 2021

Construction is a reflection of the current state of society. The construction is created as a result of a creative process including preparation, all stages of design and implementation. Current trends of modern building structures with a large span are characterized by the introduction of new types of load-bearing structural systems with excellent ecological, economic and aesthetic properties. The paper aim is to introduce the interaction and context in design and create a reliable economic and environmental friendly structure that will serve the required purposes.
Strength and Resistance of Structural Steels and Materials
Authors: Juhás Pavol , Šenitková Ingrid Juhásová
Published: March 2021

The paper presents basic information on determining of strength and resistance of structural steels and materials based on test results. The actual European standard EN 1990:2002 and related national standards CSN EN 1990:2004, and other are respected within the paper. The practical application of standard procedures is applied in determining the characteristic and design values of strength and resistance of structural steel S235 used for the production of welded test bars of the previous author’s experimental researches. Experimental data on the actual geometric dimensions and material properties of the individual test bars enabled their detailed statistical evaluation. Subsequently, the characteristic and design values of strength and resistance of structural steels used for the production of test bars were determined. The characteristic and design values of strength and resistance determined in this way are compared with the standard ones, which for S235 steel contain valid standards for the design of steel structures.
Ductwork Pressure Loss Determination Utilizing Building Information Model
Authors: Nováček Michal , Remeš Josef
Published: March 2021

Building design created as an information model contains not only information formated during building geometry creation but also additional information filled in by a designer. The data can be used further as well as applied in building geometry analyses. One of these are analyses of pressure loss in air-handling units. Such analyses take the advantage of both created geometric parameters, and basic physical variable. These analyses can be carried out directly in BIM software without external calculations needed. The main aim of this article is to describe utilization of information in building model leading to obtain pressure loss in air-handling units.
Quality of the Indoor Environment in the Nursery School: Monitoring, Analysis and Optimization
Authors: Kraus Michal , Šenitková Ingrid Juhásová , Hadrbolcová Kamila
Published: March 2021

The paper aims are to assess and evaluate the hygiene and quality of the indoor environment in selected indoor areas of the kindergarten, to analyse the construction, technical and technological solutions of the building in accordance with the concept of designing healthy buildings and their environment. The paper will propose the operation of the building in terms of hygiene and perceived air quality. The paper assumes in-situ monitoring of the indoor environment of the nursery school using a multifunctional measuring instrument for analysing the quality of the indoor environment and comfort (Testo 480 + accessories). The research goal is to update and expand information on the quality of the indoor environment of kindergartens during the heating season. The aim is to design a concept for improving the quality of the environment in nursery schools and to prepare documents for relevant recommendations, including recommendations concerning, for example, construction or utility materials for nursery schools and the mode of their operation.
The State of Public Space in Small Towns in Terms of its Users’ Risk Groups
Authors: Kramarova Zuzana , Kankovsky Ales
Published: March 2021

At the beginning of the 3rd millennium, the issue of small towns is still a very problematic area in terms of urban planning which lies on the fringes of the interest of the professional public. The issue of the quality of public space in small towns is not tackled and its current development is in some places unprofessional because it is determined mainly by the local community instead of experts. Public space in small towns is massively subordinated to the needs of individual car transport and as a result, this space is aesthetically and functionally degrading, and at the same time, it contributes to the deterioration of the health of a population that does not move enough especially the most commonly used part - walking. The aim of this paper is to approach the needs of adaptation of public space in small towns for risk groups of the population, which are mainly seniors, children, and people accompanying children under 5 years of age.
Thermal Properties and Overheating of Ventilated Air Cavities Under Pitched Roof Coverings
Authors: Pilný Ondřej , Kalousek Lubor
Published: March 2021

Ventilated air cavities have been a mandatory part of thermally insulated pitched roofs in the Czech Republic. The purpose of these important elements is, among other things, primarily to prevent condensation of water vapor, which could otherwise endanger the roof structure and thus negatively affect the life of the entire composition. However, their thermal properties are often neglected and their overall design is overwhelmingly approached, due to the very difficult and complex calculation, as an empirical and normative matter without a higher link to the actual properties of the air cavity itself. It is therefore necessary that mentioned properties must be investigated more thoroughly, especially with increasing demands on thermal properties and increasingly extreme temperature fluctuations. This work describes a real full-scale experiment in which the properties of temperature and humidity of ventilated air cavities at the boundary with the external environment were measured. The composition of the experimental roof of the building was measured in all important layers, together with all the external and internal environmental conditions. The output is then a detailed course of behavior, which was analyzed and described.
Fire Safety in Pre-trial Detention Facilities
Authors: Parfyonenko A
Published: March 2021

This article describes the main provisions for assessing the safety of people during the evacuation from the buildings and structures in the event of a fire. The analysis of normative and scientific bases in the ensuring the safety of people during the evacuation showed the absence of psychophysiological patterns of behaviour and movement of people in the buildings of pre-trial detention facilities necessary to assess the estimated values of fire risk. The data presented in the methodology for assessing fire risks do not allow to reliably assess the probability of evacuating people in the event of a fire in such institutions, since the mode of operation of the facility is not taken into account. The key factor determining timely evacuation is the time of the beginning of the evacuation, depending on the behavioural aspects of the main functional contingent. The absence of such studies determines the need for field observations and experiments in the field of evacuation of people from the buildings of pre-trial detention facilities.
Sentiment Analysis on Twitter using Neural Network: Indonesian Presidential Election 2019 Dataset
Authors: Hidayatullah Ahmad Fathan , Cahyaningtyas Siwi , Hakim Anisa Miladya
Published: March 2021

Due to the utilization of Twitter by Indonesian politicians ahead of the Indonesian presidential election 2019, Indonesian people have given diverse responses and sentiments to the politicians. This study aims to classify sentiment on Indonesian presidential election 2019 tweet data by using neural network algorithms and obtain the best algorithm. In our study, we train our dataset using some variants of deep neural network algorithms, including Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Long short-term memory (LSTM), CNN-LSTM, Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) -LSTM and Bidirectional LSTM. Moreover, as a comparison with our deep learning model, we also train our dataset using other traditional machine learning algorithms, namely Support Vector Machine (SVM), Logistic Regression (LR) and Multinomial Naïve Bayes (MNB). Our experiments showed that Bidirectional LSTM achieved the best performance with the accuracy of 84.60%.
A Method of Simplifying the Asset Dependency Cycle in Security Risk Analysis
Authors: Yunizal Edri , Santoso Judhi , Surendro Kridanto
Published: March 2021

In recent years, one obstacle to information security risk analysis is the complexity of asset dependency. Developing research tends to produce models with great complexity and some that do not involve dependency cycles, make the model difficult to implement. This research developed the idea of compound nodes to produce a modular risk analysis that simplify the asset dependency cycle. This study uses the following assumptions: aimed at quantitative assessments, values based on likelihood, and based on graph basic models. The stages of the method consist of identification of cyclic in the initial model, reconstructing cyclic graph into acyclic graph, and reconstruction of cyclic sub graph into acyclic sub graph. Through an illustrative example, this research produces a method that helps facilitate understanding the complexity of asset dependencies in risk analysis.