bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bayesian Spatial Analysis of Factors Influencing Neonatal Mortality and its Geographic Variation in Ethiopia
Authors: Kibret Getiye Dejenu , Demant Daniel , Hayen Andrew
Published: July 2021

Background: Ethiopia is a Sub-Saharan country with very high neonatal mortality rates, varying across its regions. The rate of neonatal mortality reduction in Ethiopia is slow, and Ethiopia may not meet the third United Nations sustainable development target by 2030. This study aimed to investigate the spatial variations and contributing factors for neonatal mortality rates in Ethiopia.Methods: We analysed data from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey, which used a two-stage cluster sampling technique with a census enumeration area as primary and households as secondary sampling units. A hierarchical Bayesian logistic regression model was fitted accounting for socio-economic, health service-related and geographic factors. Results: Higher neonatal mortality rates were observed in eastern, northeastern and southeastern Ethiopia, and the Somali region had higher risks of neonatal mortality. Neonates from dry and drought-affected areas had a higher risk of mortality compared to more humid and less drought-affected areas. Application of traditional substances on the cord increased the risk of neonatal mortality (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) =2.05, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.10 to 4.26) and health provider counselling on newborn dangers signs in the first two days after birth had a lower odds of neonatal mortality (AOR=0.34, 95% CI: 0.13, 0.75).Conclusions: Applying traditional substances on the umbilical cord, lack of counselling services about neonatal danger signs within the first two days of birth and residing in dry and drought-affected areas were associated with a higher risk of neonatal mortality. Policy-makers and resource administrators at different administrative levels could leverage the findings to prioritise and target areas identified with higher neonatal mortality rates.
Sustainable Development of Natural Gas Vs Renewable & Alternative Energy at Aburoad
Authors: SATAPATHY SUDHANSU SEKHAR , Srivast Sandeep
Published: July 2021

Background :-It has been observed that the development of Natural Gas in the form of Piped Natural Gas for household sector &Compressed Natural Gas for transport and industrial sector is a part of City Gas Distribution in India is in evolving stage. Before the establishment of Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board, the sector was not so structured & directional. Later on, the safety practices of natural gas business were looked into and guidelines were framed.How the strategic marketing of natural gas is done in the form of Piped Natural Gas for household sector &Compressed Natural Gas which is getting influenced by product supply , pricing mechanism as per demand , place with infrastructure and promotion using innovation & technologyis also discussed in this paper. Result :-This paper tries to find out the marketing strategies required to make use of natural gas as substitute to all alternative energy like coal, petrol & diesel and renewable energy like solar & wind energy available in India and particularly at Aburoad market. The result obtained on the basis of qualitative and quantitative survey indicate that as the natural gas market in India is not so matured and also there is no natural gas market Aburoad. Also the increasing pricing of alternative energy and insufficient availability of renewable energy is paving the path for higher natural gas demand and consumption which is envisaged in future perspective.The results indicate that Infrastructure &Demand are exerting stronger influence than Supply &Technology on Natural gas business at Aburoad . It means that the management needs to take steps to build up the Infrastructure &ensure Demand for strategic marketing of natural gas as compared to alternative and renewable energy.Conclusion:-Considering the climate change and for improving the living standard of the resident in the pollution free environment , it is very much important to proliferate the natural gas market and other renewable energy as compared to alternative energy
Calpain-TRPC6 Signaling Pathway Contributes to Propofol-induced Developmental Neurotoxicity in Rats
Authors: She Ying-Jun , Xu Hai-Ping , Gao Yin , Wang Qiong , Zheng Jun , Ruan Xiangcai
Published: July 2021

Background: Compelling experimental evidence suggests a risk of neuronal damage following early childhood exposure to anesthesia and sedation drugs, including propofol. We investigated whether the TRPC6 channel could protect neonate rats against neuroapoptosis following prolonged exposure to propofol. The potential role of calpain, a neuronal TRPC6 protease, was also investigated.Methods: Postnatal day (PND) 7 rats were exposed to five bolus injections of 25 mg/kg propofol or 10% intralipid at hourly intervals. Neuronal injury was assessed by the expression pattern of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase nick-end labeling staining and cleaved–caspase-3. The Morris water maze test was used to evaluate learning and memory functions in later life. Calpain activation and TRPC6 expression were also studied. Pretreatments consisting of intracerebroventricular injections of a TRPC6 agonist, TRPC6 inhibitor, or calpain inhibitor were used to confirm the role of the calpain-TRPC6 pathway in propofol-induced neurotoxicity.Results: Prolonged exposure to propofol induced neuronal injury, downregulation of TRPC6, and enhancement of calpain activity in the cerebral cortex up to 24 h after anesthesia. It also induced long-term behavioral disorders, manifesting as longer escape latency at PND40 and PND41 and as fewer platform-crossing times and less time spent in the target quadrant at PND42. These propofol-induced effects were attenuated by treatment with the TRPC6 agonist and exaggerated by the TRPC6 inhibitor. Pretreatment with the calpain inhibitor alleviated the propofol-induced TRPC6 downregulation and neuronal injury in the cerebral cortex.Conclusions: A calpain-TRPC6 signaling pathway contributes to propofol-induced acute cortical neuron injury and long-term behavioral disorders in rats.
Binocular Vision-Based Intelligent 3-D Perception for Robotics Application
Authors: Karunachandra R.T.H.S.K. , Herath H.M.K.K.M.B.
Published: July 2021

Vision-based robotics has been the subject of several research contributions in the area of vision and control. Vision technology is becoming a pioneer in the most common applications such as localization, automated map creation, autonomous navigation, mapping analysis, or risk pattern prediction. The Stereo applications or programs use pairs of 2-D images as inputs and generate reconstructed 3-D imagery by locating the matching points. This paper introduces a method to the development of an algorithm of intelligent 3-D view reconstruction using binocular vision for robotic applications. The proposed system consists of two identical colour cameras and cameras were mounted as one stereo camera. 3-D reconstruction and visualization were performed according to the pair of 2-D images. Calibration, multi-view image acquisition, the stereo rectification process, and the disparity process were discussed in Sect. 2. Real-time captured images and stereo images from Middlebury Stereo Datasets were used to test the system and verify results in Sect. 3.
Prevalence of Carbapenem Resistance and their Genotypic Profile among Gram-Negative Bacteria in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Western India
Authors: Das Parijat , Shrutiraaj Kumar Anand , Ranjan Manish , Sen Sourav
Published: July 2021

Background: Resistance to carbapenems due to carbapenemases has been increasingly noticed worldwide. Detection of carbapenemases among Gram‑negative bacteria (GNB) is important for

both clinicians and infection control practitioners. Both phenotypic and molecular methods can be used for detection of Carbapenemases production. Molecular methods although the gold standard for detection of carbapenemases are not used routinely as they might not be immediately available coupled with expertise required, cost and infrastructure incurred and limited by the number of targets detected.

Methods:  Consecutive non-repeat gram negative isolates isolated from various clinical specimens from intensive care unit (ICU) were included in the study. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done on Mueller Hinton’s agar by Kirby Bauer Disc diffusion method as per the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Isolates resistant to Meropenem were further screened for carbapenemase producing genes using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results were statistically analysed.

Result: A total of 350 gram negative bacteria were screened for carbapenem resistance. Carbapenem resistance was found in 109 GNB. The metallo‑ β‑lactamases were most common carbapenemases followed by KPC.

Conclusion:     Carbapenemase producing bacteria are a major threat of the 21st century. Preventing emergence and spread of these pathogens through strict infection control practices, judicious use of antibiotics and early and timely detection will contribute in preserving carbapenems, the last resort antibiotics.
The Effect of the Investors’ Sentiment on the Trade-Off Between Earnings Management Strategies: The Case of Tunisian Market
Authors: Boudabbous Aida , Boujelben Saoussen , Abdelhedi Mouna
Published: July 2021

The aim of this study was to provide evidence to the benefit of an emerging market on whether and how the prevailing investors’ sentiment influences the earnings management tactics i.e. accrual earnings management and real earnings management. used data related to Tunisian listed firms over the period 2009–2018. We measure the investors’ sentiment index using Google search volume approach. We estimated a recursive equation system to investigate the effect of the investors’ sentiment on the trade-off decision between accrual earnings management and real earnings management. First, in line with the catering theory we found that optimistic period is an opportune occasion that encourages Tunisian managers to upward their earnings whether by accrual earnings management or by real earnings management. Indeed, Tunisian managers are likely to rely on abnormal cashflows. Second, we found that the Tunisian managers, use both techniques as complementary rather than substitutes. However, during high sentiment period, this complementary relation decreases which may be explained by total cost of earnings management tools. Our results give the investors and the financial analysts, within emerging markets, important insights and requires them to adopt necessary adjustments to their expectations when evaluated from an optimistic market’ perspective. During such periods, they should be more cautious to the possible distortions of reported earnings made by managers. Our research differs from previous studies dealing with the implication of behavioral biases emerging contexts, which is still embryonic. Such contexts have their uniqueness regarding the economic, social and political environment making evidence drawn from developed contexts questionable. Second, we address this query in a more comprehensive way. We were interested in examining the effect of the investors’ sentiment on each of earnings management technique taken individually as well as on the possible trade-off between them.
Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos con la plataforma Arduino en el desarrollo de las competencias de programación en la Universidad Privada del Norte-2017
Authors: Levano Miguel
Published: July 2021

El objetivo de la investigación es evaluar la influencia del Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos con la plataforma Arduino en el desarrollo de competencias de programación de los estudiantes de Ingeniería de Sistemas Computacionales. La muestra poblacional se conformó de estudiantes del sétimo ciclo del pregrado, de la carrera de Ingeniería de Sistemas Computacionales de la Universidad Privada del Norte (UPN). Se utilizó una metodología cuantitativa-cuasi experimental, utilizando encuesta y pruebas.Los resultados fueron: sí influye significativamente en el desarrollo de competencias de programación de los estudiantes del curso de robótica de la carrera de ingeniería de sistemas computacionales de la Universidad Privada del Norte. Esta influencia se hace evidente en las etapas del test del sistema robótico y del análisis del funcionamiento del sistema robótico.
Nursing of prematurely born children: indicators of the effectiveness
Authors: Gnedko T. V.
Published: July 2021

The study and monitoring of international indicators of the health status of premature infants is the current vector of scientific research in neonatology.Objective. To assess the effectiveness of the nursing technologies of premature babies in the Republic of Belarus based on the analysis of long-term indicators of morbidity, mortality and survival of the infants with extremely low body weight.Material and methods. Statistical reports data were used for a retrospective analysis of epidemiological indicators for the period of 2002–2018.Results. The proportion of premature infants in the Republic of Belarus was stabilized at 4,2–4,5% increase in the absolute numbers, including those born weighing less than 1500 g. The ratio of the absolute number of alive and stillborn infants with extremely low body weight is many times higher than the initial values (p<0,05). The survival rate of infants with a body weight of 500–999g up to 1 year increased 2 times to the maximum level in 2018 (81,5%). There was an increase in the overall incidence of premature children in 2002–2010 (p<0,05) and a decrease by 2016 (p=0,001), including those born with a body weight of 500–999 g. Respiratory distress syndrome, intrauterine hypoxia and asphyxia during childbirth, an increase in the frequency of infections specific to the perinatal period (p <0,05) were registered more often. Among the children born with a body weight of 500–999 g, the incidence of congenital pneumonia for the period 2002–2009 increased to a maximum level of 263,4 ‰ (p <0,05) with a twofold decrease by 2018. The republican mortality rate of premature babies was stabilized at the level of 0,95 ‰ in the last 9 years, while the indicator was decreased 5 times among children weighing 500–999 g.Conclusion. The assessment of the long-term dynamics of the main indicators of the health status of premature infants in the Republic of Belarus testified to the effectiveness of a complex of organizational and medical measures for their nursing.
Potentials of bioimpedance method for nutritional status assessment in children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Perfilova O. V. , Khramova E. B. , Shaitarova A. V.
Published: July 2021

Objectives: To study the potential of the bioimpedance method for nutritional status assessment in children with cerebral palsy.Material and methods. There were examined 89 children with cerebral palsy (average age: 10,24 years±3,6 years). Such anthropometric indicators as body height (cm), body weight (kg) and body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) were investigated. The scientists formed two comparison groups: Group 1: 40 children without malnutrition (z-score BMI over 1), Group 2: 49 children with malnutrition (z-score BMI is 1,1 and less). The body composition was evaluated by bioimpedancemetry in both groups of comparison.Results. The scientist found significant differences in body composition in terms of fat mass between boys and girls with cerebral palsy, both with malnutrition and without nutritional deficiency. They determined that children with cerebral palsy without malnutrition demonstrate various changes in the parameters of the body composition comparable to those in patients with trophic deficiency, even before the anthropometry indicators change. According to the parameters of lean mass, active cell mass in the group of children without malnutrition, the results of 40% of boys and girls were below the normative values, which indicated an altered tissue composition of the body and existing deficiency of the protein component.Conclusion. The scientists determined unidirectional changes in the body component composition in children with cerebral palsy and malnutrition and in children without trophic deficiency. The assessment of the body by bioimpedance measurement can serve as an effective tool for the diagnosis of nutritional disorders in children with cerebral palsy.
Modern problems of interstitial lung diseases in children
Authors: Mizernitskiy Yu. L. , Lev N. S.
Published: July 2021

Interstitial lung diseases refer to a large group of diseases with a severe course and unfavorable prognosis, since the most forms of these diseases cause irreversible fibrosis of the lung tissue and severe respiratory failure. Lung transplantation remains the only way to save the patient’s.The article highlights the current state of the problem, achievements and prospects in the study, diagnosis and approaches to the treatment of interstitial lung diseases in children. The authors emphasize that this direction is one of the most relevant in pediatric pulmonology and clinical medicine in general.
Balancing state budget expenditures: A case of Ukraine using the simplex method
Authors: Shkolnyk Inna , Ladyka Yuriy , Orlov Volodymyr , Aldiwani Khaled , Kozmenko Yevhenii
Published: July 2021

The consolidated state budget expenditures reflect the condition of performance by a country of its basic functions and allow defining priority directions for the implementation of state policy. Their optimal ratio allows satisfying the interests of citizens, business and society as a whole, and can provide a significant impetus for economic growth. The analysis of state budget expenditures using the example of Ukraine showed that their structure is unbalanced. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to find the necessary balance. The optimization of Ukraine’s state budget expenditures was carried out using the simplex method based on their structure from 2007 to 2019. Since the priorities of Ukraine’s strategic economic and political development are the implementation of the EU standards and norms, the structure of the EU’s state budget expenditures is chosen as a guideline for determining the optimal structure of expenditures. As a result, it is determined that in order to harmonize the structure of the Ukrainian budget expenditures with the approaches implemented in the European Union, minimal changes in public order spending are required. In addition, significant areas of funding include healthcare, economic activity, social protection and security. At the same time, intergovernmental transfers need to be significantly reduced, the amount of which should be revised after the completion of the financial decentralization reform.
Built Morphology and the Impact of Planning Policies: Case of Small Towns in Karnataka, India
Authors: Shastri Aparna
Published: July 2021

The morphology of a city undergoes transformation over time due to a variety of factors. One such factor is the master plan. The master plan is a powerful legal tool, the implementation of which has a lasting impact on the morphology of a town both built and unbuilt. The template for the master plans in India is the same be it a metropolitan city or a class III town. The resultant triggers and impact of this master plan are questionable more so in the case of smaller cities and towns. This paper investigates one such small city in the hinterland of Karnataka through a descriptive analysis of the compact historic city and the new developments; the impact of the master plan and the resulting changes. Through the analysis and arguments presented in the study for the reading of small towns and non-metropolitan cities, we support alternative readings of these towns and cities. Additionally through the analysis of compact city planning methodologies both historical and current, we understand how the two aspects; that is small-town urbanization and compact planning methodologies can be enmeshed to create new templates for master planning for small towns and cities. Our study is limited to the master planning exercise in the context of Karnataka and Gadag-Betageri in particular and needs to be further explored with respect to other urban development policies in order to be applicable to small towns and cities in general in India.
Regional Resource Urbanism, Envisioning an Adaptive Transition for the Urbanising Periphery of Kathmandu
Authors: Manna Ashim Kumar
Published: July 2021

Despite a strong tradition of harmony between the landscape and its settlements, Kathmandu's periphery now stands altered due to the contemporary challenges of modernisation. It has become the contested territory where rapid urbanisation and infrastructure projects conflict with the valley's last remaining resources. i.e., fertile soil, floodplains, water sources, forests, and agricultural land. The periphery is essential in preserving the remaining agricultural landscape, which is the mainstay of the numerous traditional communities of Kathmandu. Both the occupants and the productive landscape are threatened due to haphazard urbanisation and future mobility projects, resulting in speculative and uncontrolled sprawl. A detailed investigation was conducted on a site 15km south of Kathmandu to address the city's landscape challenges. The chosen investigation frame presented the suitable conditions to study and test strategies posed by the research objectives. The research utilises landscape urbanism and cartography to reveal the landscape's latent capacities, identify the spatial qualities, stakeholders, and typologies involved in the production and consumption of resources. The study identifies existing resource flows and their ability to generate future scenarios. Systematic design strategies were applied in resource recovery projects by optimising enterprising capacity building within communities after the earthquake. The research recognises the merit in existing practices, community networks, the ongoing post-earthquake rebuilding efforts in offering an alternative design strategy in which landscape becomes the carrying structure for the sustainable reorganisation of Kathmandu's periphery.
Land Consumption, Ecosystem Services and Urban Planning Policies: Preliminary Results of Research Undertaken in the Tuscany Region
Authors: Agostini Debora , Lucchesi Fabio , Monacci Francesco , Nardini Fabio , Rovai Massimo , Zetti Iacopo
Published: July 2021

In the contemporaneity, the issues of land or soil consumption and of the protection of areas that, within the urban areas, provide ecosystem services (ESs) is becoming increasingly important also in relation of the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. The concept of "Ecosystem Service" appears, in this respect, a fruitful support to define the land consumption effects on the loss of functionality and of settlement quality. Following this considerations the paper presents the first results of a research developed in Tuscany and commissioned by the Regional Government. The research aims to measure the loss of ESs in connection with land use/land cover transformations, and to verify the contribution of soil consumption to these variations. The research use methodologies for elaborating of the geographical data required for territorial governance, LUCL 2010/2016 and Land Cover Flow (LCF) model, and the theoretical model of the “Capacity matrix” to provide ecosystem services.
Understanding Tourists’ Motivations: The Case of Al Baha Mountainous Region in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Bokhari Ali
Published: July 2021

Motivations are critical factors in understanding tourists’ behaviors in relation to destination choice; they relate to needs, goals, and preferences. Extensive research on this topic has been documented in the literature. However, there are few empirical studies on ecotourist cities in mountainous regions that are facing an increasing number of challenges due to the cost of infrastructure development. Attention to tourists’ motivational factors in ecotourist cities is critical for specifying their needs and preferences when drawing up future urban policies to develop ecotourist areas. In this study, the variables that influence tourists’ motivations, and their likelihood of revisiting those areas, were analyzed. The principal results show the significant role of accommodation locations and marketing in attracting visitors to ecotourist areas. These findings suggest that private and public sectors should invest in tourists’ residential development with a high level of accessibility and views. Moreover, tourist advertisements should be given more attention, especially on social media platforms.
Desarrollo de un producto extruido a base de cereales y concentrado de proteína de calamar gigante (Dosidicus gigas)
Authors: Roldán-Acero David Julián , Omote Sibina Juan Rodolfo , Osorio-Lescano Christopher M. , Molleda-Ordoñez Andrés A.
Published: July 2021

Los diversos alimentos de origen vegetal que se cultivan en el Perú, entre los que destacan los cereales y granos andinos, han sido utilizados durante muchos años para atender los programas sociales de asistencia alimentaria de niños en edad escolar y preescolar (niños entre tres y diez años). Actualmente, se conoce que su valor nutricional aumenta en mezcla con una proteína de origen animal. Ante ello, la posibilidad de utilizar proteínas de recursos hidrobiológicos es un tema de interés y motivo de investigación. El trabajo realizado tuvo por objetivo elaborar un producto alimenticio extruido para niños utilizando cereales y granos andinos complementados con un concentrado de proteína de calamar gigante. El estudio fue desarrollado en el distrito de Acostambo, región de Huancavelica, Perú. Se utilizaron cebada y maíz molidos como los principales cereales de la mezcla, harina de arveja y concentrado de proteína de calamar gigante. El producto alimenticio extruido alcanzó elevada aceptabilidad (90 %) por los niños de la localidad y no presentó olor ni sabor remanentes del calamar gigante. Asimismo, los resultados microbiológicos confirmaron las adecuadas condiciones sanitarias de elaboración. Por otro lado, se cumplió con la NTP 209.260 de 2004 respecto a cantidad de proteínas y contenido de aminoácidos esenciales para alimentación infantil. Con el desarrollo de este producto alimenticio se espera ofrecer una nueva alternativa a los programas sociales para atender los requerimientos de la población infantil con deficiencia nutricional.
Escala de clasificación y puntaje para la evaluación de las condiciones de salud de la comunidad de corales del Parque Nacional Jardines de la Reina, Cuba
Authors: Hernández Fernández Leslie
Published: July 2021

Para conocer el estado de salud de los arrecifes se han creado protocolos que permiten evaluar indicadores ecológicos sobre grupos focales de organismos que habitan en ellos. En este estudio se propone una escala específica, de clasificación y puntaje de condición de salud, para seis indicadores ecológicos (densidad, número de especies por transecto, cobertura, muerte antigua, muerte reciente y densidad de reclutas) de la comunidad de corales del Parque Nacional Jardines de la Reina. Se estudiaron 29 sitios de buceo autónomo SCUBA, situados en escarpes poco profundos y designados como sitios de referencia, que fueron comparados con otros 52 sitios no utilizados para el buceo. También se estudiaron 27 crestas de arrecifes, usando como sitio de referencia la más conservada del área de estudio (La Puntica). Se aplicó la prueba no paramétrica de Kruskal Wallis y se realizó un análisis de frecuencia a través del programa Statistica 7. Para los indicadores ecológicos evaluados se propusieron cambios en la escala específica, con respecto a la sugerida para Cuba y el Gran Caribe, adecuando los niveles de la nueva escala a  valores obtenidos en un análisis integral y teniendo en cuenta, fundamentalmente, los sitios de referencia. Con una condición de “Muy buena”, se clasificó la densidad con valores >20 colonias 10 m-1 en escarpes y >14 colonias 10 m-1 en crestas. El número de especies, >10 en escarpes y ≥6 en crestas. La cobertura >30 % para ambos hábitats. Muerte antigua ≤10 % para ambos hábitats. Mortalidad reciente, ≤1 % para ambos hábitats. Densidad poblacional de reclutas, >20 reclutas m-2 en escarpes y >10 reclutas m-2 en crestas. Se recomienda la creación de una escala específica de clasificación y puntaje para la condición de salud en cada AMPs, que permitiría realizar acciones de manejo acorde a  características intrínsecas de sus arrecifes coralinos.
NEW FAUNISTICAL DATA ON ORIBATID MITES OF THE FAMILY DAMAEIDAE (ACARI, ORIBATIDA) FROM THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST
Authors: Ryabinin Nikolay A. , Ermilov Sergey G.
Published: July 2021

The present study is based on a random set of previously unstudied oribatid mites of the family Damaeidae, which were collected from the Russian Far East in 1987–2019. Based on the above material, we have identified 22 species and 12 genera from 28 localities. Of these, the genus Weigmannia and the species Epidamaeus craigheadi and Weigmannia parki have been recorded from the Palaearctic region for the first time. In addition, the genera Acanthobelba and Dyobelba, as well as the species Acanthobelba heterosetosa, Dyobelba biclavata, Damaeus maximus, D. striatus, and Epidamaeus variabilis, have been recorded from Russia (Far East) for the first time. The species Epidamaeus puritanicus has the highest occurrence across different biotopes.
A contribuição da metodologia qualitativa para a área hospitalar
Authors: Bertani Iris Fenner
Published: July 2021

Os pesquisadores das ciências sociais aplicadas, tanto de iniciação científica como mestrandos e doutorandos, têm utilizado a metodologia da pesquisa qualitativa como instrumento preferencial para o desvendamento da realidade do usuário do hospital público. Esta atitude entra em desacordo com a cultura institucional hospitalar tradicional, de percepção e elucidação da realidade por meio do levantamento numérico quantitativo entendido como pensamento racional e científico e única forma de afastar-se do empirismo e da improvisação na área do tratamento e cuidados. Ao desenvolver a postura baseada no raciocínio heurístico-dialético como alternativa incluída no entendimento e explicação do mundo, o pesquisador revela as condições conjunturais e estruturais da sociedade e o seu rebatimento na vida e modo de ver o mundo dos doentes internados. Apresenta uma contribuição importante ao possibilitar maior visibilidade ao fator humano socialmente compreendido, ás relações hospitalares entre o doente e a equipe, e durante o tratamento em si.
Ensino e mediação dialética
Authors: Arnoni Maria Eliza B.
Published: July 2021

Este texto apresenta as investigações do “Grupo de Pesquisa - Ensino e Mediação Dialética” (CNPq) e expressa as necessidades acadêmicas que confluíram para sua organização, os enfrentamentos teóricos que se delineiam em uma aula quando se considera relevante no ensino, além dos conteúdos, a opção metodológica do professor. A formação do aluno é influenciada pelo processo de ensino, incluindo, neste, a opção metodológica do professor, a qual se expressa, em especial, nas posturas assumidas pelo estudante, em sua vida cotidiana. Em relação à pesquisa acadêmica da área educacional, baseadas nos pressupostos teóricos sobre a ontologia do ser social, as discussões do G.P.E.M.D. direcionam-se para a investigação do ensino, na perspectiva filosófica de práxis. em especial, os da proposição teórico-metodológica que gera a práxis educacional crítica, a aula na perspectiva da.”Metodologia da Mediação Dialética”
Análisis de la escuela rural española: estudio de caso
Authors: Gil Marta Recio , Alfaro Teresa Sacristán , Mattos María Odete de , Heredero Eladio Sebastián
Published: July 2021

En este trabajo de investigación pretendemos estudiar los elementos que envuelven a la escuela rural, desde su concepto y cómo es su organización hasta como trabaja el equipo directivo, los profesores itinerantes o cómo se trabaja con la diversidad de alumnos que hay en una misma aula. Esta investigación ofrece además una descripción de la situación de las escuelas rurales; trabajo logrado a través de la observación de una escuela y la recopilación de datos sobre la realidad del maestro, del alumno, de la normativa y de la estructura física de esta escuela rural. Para ello, nos hemos acercado a una escuela rural, situada en un pueblo de Guadalajara, Albalate de Zorita, denominado Colegio Rural Agrupado “La Colmena” cabecera de tres colegios de la provincia situados en Albalate de Zorita, Almonacid de Zorita e Illana, situada en Castilla La Mancha una región que ha avanzado bastante en la línea de dar respuesta a este tipo de escuelas.
Gênero na infância: análise do filme "La vie in rose" como instrumento pedagógico em educação sexual
Authors: Anacleto Aline Ariana Alcântra , Maia Ana Claúdia Bortolozzi
Published: July 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar as questões de gênero na sexualidade infantil por meio da narrativa midiática do filme La Vie in Rose, que apresenta os temas da transexualidade, homossexualidade, identidade de gênero, discriminação social e vínculos familiares. A partir das questões teóricas sobre sexualidade na infância e a construção de gênero, utilizando-se da análise de conteúdo, elegeu-se na narrativa do filme as seguintes categorias para discussão: (a) identidades sexuais: o masculino e o feminino, (b) o gênero patológico e a heteronormatividade, (c) educação sexual oferecida pela familiar e a socialização sexista, (d) o preconceito diante da diversidade sexual. O modo como o filme apresenta essas questões pode sensibilizar o espectador para questionamentos e reflexões sobre o tema e, nesse sentido, a análise do filme pode ser utilizada como um instrumento pedagógico por educadores que almejem refletir criticamente sobre questões referentes à sexualidade humana no campo da Educação Sexual.
Análisis del plan de atención a la diversidad de un centro educativo. Estudio de caso.
Authors: Jiménez Efrén Labernia , González Jorge Ortega , Heredero Eladio Sebastián
Published: July 2021

Esta investigación recoge un estudio del Plan de Atención a la Diversidad dentro del marco de la escuela inclusiva, en un determinado centro educativo. Nuestra intención con este trabajo ha sido intentar obtener información en torno a la búsqueda de una educación que acoja a todo el alumnado, es decir, en torno a la escuela inclusiva. Hemos hecho este trabajo pensando en esa escuela que supone una superación de la lucha por la integración e implica que todos los niños reciban una formación independientemente de sus condiciones personales, sociales o culturales e independientemente de que presenten o no una discapacidad.
Desenvolvimento da Bota de Tração na Impressora 3D
Authors: Souza Gisele Roque de , Almeida Tiana Carneiro Simões de , Rodrigues Matheus da Silveira Fagundes , Silva Jr Norival Garcia da , Rodrigues Jr Adauri Silveira , Trajano Eduardo Tavares Lima
Published: July 2021

O tratamento inicial das fraturas femorais é feito com a tração do membro inferior com fixação transcutânea ou transesquelética. Ambas as técnicas possuem chance de complicação. As patentes são recursos de investimento em pesquisa aplicados por uma empresa, assegurado por lei e depositadas no INPI. Material e Método: Foi utilizado o SolidWorks® 2013 para desenvolvimento da bota em formato anatômico utilizando medidas adquiridas de uma perna adulta.  Resultado: A Bota de Tração é composta por uma bota anatômica, forrada de espuma, apoiada sob um suporte de aço onde é feita a tração através de motor de passo ou manualmente e demonstrada em display digital. Trata-se de uma inovação por proteger a pele e o osso da tração e além disso, permitir mensurar exatamente a quantidade a ser aplicada. Discussão: Uma busca mundial no banco de patentes analisou cinco produtos com diferentes graus de similares usados para tracionar o membro inferior, entretanto nenhum tinha a finalidade proposta pela Bota de Tração, corroborando sua inventividade. Conclusão: Sendo um produto inovador no mundo, foi realizado um pedido para o depósito no INPI e gerado o número de registro do processo.

Palavras-Chave: Fraturas do Fêmur; Tração; Patente.
An Investigation Using Specific Absorption Rate Analysis to Diagnose Early-
stage Breast Tumor using UWB Antenna
Authors: Krishnan Rahul , M.C Jobin Christ
Published: July 2021

Aims:

This work was focused on the detection of early-stage breast tumors and their location.

Background:

The most frequently seen disease progression and mortality in women's lives is
Breast Cancer. Because of breast cancer/tumors, the risk of mortality for women has risen exponentially.
From the 2020 deadline for breast cancer, women who died from carcinoma were 123.8 cases
per lac women between 2006-2010. This problem is also overcome by the early identification of
the tumor using different detection procedures like X-ray mammography, computerized tomography,
ultrasound imaging technique, Positron Emission Tomography (PET), Magnetic Resonance
Imaging (MRI), microwave imaging. Researchers carried out multiple studies in these areas.

Objective:

To detect early-stage breast tumors and their location using SAR analysis.

Methods:

The major dielectrical difference between cancerous breast tissues and normal tissues in
this technique is the microwave frequency range. The term Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) describes
the amount of energy which is absorbed (W/kg) in the breast tissue. This segment illustrates
the usefulness to diagnose the tumor position in the breast by means of maximum SAR value coordinates.
Changes in breast and tumor size are important for the risk of diagnosis. The power absorbed
in connecting with a normal breast and a tumor breast is measured and equivalent for different
breast masses. The maximum SAR is also analyzed at distinct tumor locations at various frequency
ranges.

Results:

It is observed that max SAR coordinates are very close to the actual tumor location. So,
the maximal value of SAR coordinates indicates the existence of a tumor in the breast phantom.

Conclusion:

The simulated data above strongly suggests that the Max SAR values were higher in
the breast phantom with tumor as compared to the breast without tumor. With different tumor radius
(3 mm and 5 mm) analyzed with different resonant frequencies like 3GHz, 4GHz and 5GHz at
the actual tumor location of (0, 0, 35). Even though a model representing the real properties of
breast tissue is required to assess the validation of any imaging process, so the real-time development
of an equivalent breast phantom and its execution is needed.
Synthesis of V Doped Ca Bismuthate Nanoflakes for Photocatalytic Removal of Crystal Violet Dye
Authors: Yu Chunhu , Mao Yajing , Xue Zeyang , Li Haiyang , Kong Jinlong , Pei Lizhai , Fan Chauangang
Published: July 2021

Background:

Crystal Violet Dye (CV) can cause severe eye irritation and cancer due
to its adsorption, ingestion, and inhalation effect. Therefore, CV in wastewater systems poses as
a severe risk to human health and the environment. It is essential to remove CV before CV is
discharged in the environment.

Methods:

Vanadium doped calcium bismuthate nanoflakes with the vanadium mass ratio of 1
wt%, 3 wt.%, 5 wt.%, and 10 wt.% have been synthesized by a simple hydrothermal route using
sodium vanadate as a vanadium raw material. The obtained vanadium doped calcium bismuthate
products were analyzed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and
solid diffuse reflection spectrum.

Results:

XRD patterns show that the vanadium in the doped nanoflakes exists as triclinic
Bi3.5V1.2O8.25 and monoclinic Ca0.17V2O5 phases. SEM observations show that the morphology
of the products is closely related to the vanadium mass ratio. The morphology changes from the
nanoflakes to irregular nanoparticles is observed by increasing the vanadium mass ratio. The
bandgap of the nanoflakes decreases to 1.46 eV and 1.01 eV when the doped vanadium mass ratio
reaches 5 wt.% and 10 wt.%, respectively. The photocatalytic performance for the CV removal
can be greatly enhanced using 5 wt.% and 10 wt.% vanadium doped calcium bismuthate
nanoflakes, respectively. By increasing the irradiation time, vanadium mass ratio, and dosage of
the nanoflakes, the photocatalytic activity for the CV removal can be improved.

Conclusion:

10 wt.% vanadium doped calcium bismuthate nanoflakes have the best photocatalytic
performance for CV removal. Vanadium-doped calcium bismuthate nanoflakes exhibit
great application potential for the removal of organic pollutants.
Enhancement of the Anti-biofilm Activity of Gold Nanoparticles- Itraconazole Conjugates in Resistant Candida glabrata
Authors: Lotfali Ensieh , Fattahi Mahsa , Ghasemi Reza , Zakermashhadi Farzan , Shafiei Mohammad , Borzouie Mojgan , Rabiei Mohammad Mahdi
Published: July 2021

Introduction:

Onychomycosis, also called tinea unguium, is a common
fungal infection affecting the nails. After dermatophytes, Candida species
are recognized as second-line pathogens responsible for this infection. The treatment
of onychomycosis requires a long time and is associated with high rates of
recurrence. Antifungal medicines conjugated with gold (Au-NP) nanoparticle are
the possible platforms for the reduction of drug resistance.

Methods:

In the present study, we reported the in-vitro antifungal activity of itraconazole
(ITZ) – Au conjugates, time-kill studies, and biofilm-producing ability
of six ITZ-resistant C. glabrata.

Results:

3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT)
quantitative results revealed that four out of six resistant isolates studied able to
form biofilms in vitro. ITZ-Au conjugates were more effective than ITZ or Au
nanoparticle alone, and the time-kill tests pointed to the suitable effect of ITZ-Au
conjugate.

Conclusion:

The present study concluded that ITZ-Au conjugates have an inhibitory
effect on the biofilm of resistant C. glabrata isolates. Further studies are
needed to compare the ex-vivo onychomycosis model.
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Sediaan Hand Sanitizer Yang Di Produksi Secara Lokal Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus
Authors:   Program Studi Farmasi, FakultasIlmu Kesehatan, Universitas PGRI Adi Buana, Surabaya, Indonesia, Wido Mukti Asri
Published: July 2021

The increasing status of corona disease (Covid -19) to become a pandemic by WHO has caused people to panic buying for several medical equipment, which is Hand Sanitizer. Some individuals took the opportunity to benefit from making their own Hand Sanitizers whose formula was questionable because they did not have a distribution license and were traded freely in the marketplace so that their quality was questionable. Therefore, this study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of Hand Sanitizers which are produced without a distribution permit and are traded freely in the marketplace against S.aureus bacteria. The method used is by using the disc diffusion technique and the zone of inhibition is determined. This study uses a positive control in the form of a Hand Sanitizer which has a distribution license and an oil carrier as a negative control. Five samples of Hand Sanitizer was collected from marketplace based on their popularity and there are inhibition zones only in the sample code HS1 (70% alcohol and castor oil) and HS5 (70% alcohol) with an inhibition zone diameter of 1.8 mm and 4.3 mm which shows a growth inhibition response to bacteria S.aureus is very weak. It can be concluded that the antibacterial activity of this locally produced Hand Sanitizer is very weak in inhibiting
Optimasi Formula Nanoemulsi Nifedipin Dengan Metode Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS)
Authors:   Jurusan Farmasi. Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia, Hibatullah Rahadatul Aisy Zalfa , Eka Puspita Oktavia ,   Jurusan Farmasi. Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia, Febrian Shalas Alvan ,   Jurusan Farmasi. Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
Published: July 2021

Nifedipin adalah obat golongan calcium channel blocker yang digunakan untuk terapi angina pektoris dan hipertensi. Nifedipin memiliki kelarutan yang rendah dalam air dan bioavailabilitas yang rendah. Berdasarkan penggolongan Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS), nifedipin termasuk dalam kelas II. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan kelarutan nifedipin adalah membuat formulasi nanoemulsi nifedipin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh nanoemulsi nifedipin yang optimal menggunakan metode Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS). SNEDDS merupakan campuran isotropik dari fase minyak, surfaktan, dan kosurfaktan yang akan membentuk nanoemulsi minyak dalam air saat ditambahkan media aqueous dengan sedikit pengadukan. Nanoemulsi nifedipin diperoleh melalui formula SNEDDS yang terdiri dari castor oil sebagai fase minyak, Croduret 50SS dan Span 80 sebagai surfaktan, dan PEG 400 sebagai sebagai kosurfaktan dengan rasio fase minyak:surfaktan:kosurfaktan sebesar 1:6:3. Hasil karakterisasi SNEDDS nifedipin yang optimal menunjukkan karakteristik organoleptik homogen, berwarna kuning, jernih, kental, memiliki aroma khas SNEDDS, persen transmitansi sebesar 98,37 ± 0,49%, waktu emulsifikasi dalam akuades dan dalam HCl 0,1 N berturut-turut sebesar 14,09 ± 1,05 detik dan 11,38 ± 0,66 detik, ukuran globul sebesar 24,05 ± 0,02 nm, indeks polidispersitas sebesar 0,277 ± 0,0038, pH sebesar 6,95, loading dose capacity sebesar 50 mg nifedipin dalam 1 g SNEDDS dan kadar nifedipin dalam formula SNEDDS sebesar 9,857 ± 0,345 mg/g. Uji stabilitas termodinamika dan uji stabilitas on going menunjukkan bahwa sediaan stabil
HUBUNGAN ANTARA TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN DAN FAKTOR SOSIODEMOGRAFI DALAM SWAMEDIKASI ANALGESIK ORAL TERHADAP PASIEN DENGAN KELUHAN NYERI GIGI DI BEBERAPA APOTEK KOTA MALANG
Authors:   Program Studi Sarjana Farmasi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang Indonesia, Shafira Shafira , Rachma Pramestutie Hananditia ,   Program Studi Sarjana Farmasi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang Indonesia, Kurnia Illahi Ratna ,   Program Studi Sarjana Farmasi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang Indonesia
Published: July 2021

Rasa nyeri gigi timbul ditandai dengan adanya kerusakan pada struktur gigi. Obat obat analgesik memiliki efek samping gangguan pada lambung jika digunakan secara tidak tepat. Berbagai penelitian menunjukkan bahwa analgesik salah satu obat yang terbanyak digunakan secara swamedikasi. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana hubungan antara faktor sosiodemografi dengan tingkat pengetahuan seseorang mengenai swamedikasi analgesik oral dalam mengatasi keluhan nyeri gigi. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional analitik dengan metode cross sectional. Karakteristik sosiodemografi yang diteliti meliputi usia, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, penghasilan, dan pekerjaan. Pemilihan sampel apotek dilakukan dengan teknik cluster sampling, sedangkan responden dengan teknik purposive sampling sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Jumlah responden diperoleh sebanyak 100 responden dari 15 apotek. Tingkat pengetahuan diukur dengan kuesioner yang terdiri dari 10 pernyataan tertutup dengan 2 jawaban benar dan salah. Uji Somers’d dan Kruskal Wills digunakan sebagai analisis statistik guna mengetahui hubungan faktor sosiodemografi dengan tingkat pengetahuan dalam swamedikasi nyeri gigi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa, tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat Kota Malang yang melakukan swamedikasi analgesik oral terbanyak kategori cukup (37%), kurang (32%), dan baik (31%), dan juga terdapat hubungan signifikan pada usia (p=0.005) dan pendidikan (0.000). Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak semua faktor sosiodemografi berpengaruh dalam tingkat pengetahuan mengenai analgesik oral dimana hanya usia dan pendidikan yang berpengaruh terhadap pengetahuan responden yang melakukan swamedikasi analgesik oral dalam mengatasi keluhan nyeri gigi