bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El elogio a la vida y otros textos
Authors: Pabon Osorio Deisy Dayana , Orjuela Duarte Celedonio
Published: January 2024

Los ensayos de este libro sirven para promocionar la lectura de autores universales poco conocidos en Colombia como es el caso de Elías Canetti, Joseph Brodsky, autores de diferentes lenguas cuyas traducciones vienen fundamentalmente del inglés o de la lengua original. El libro es una compilación de ensayos que tratan un punto primordial de cada autor ya que cada autor motiva a la lectura de cada uno, porque cada uno cuenta con un acervo clave, más de diez libros cada uno, en los cuales encontramos recursos narrativos ya sea de cuento, ensayo o novela que representan la cultura de otros países.
An overview on the relationship of climate changes and airborne dust on coronavirus prevalence
Authors: ghobashy mohamed
Published: January 2024

In light of the current pandemic, the Corona pandemic, researchers are
making a great effort to try to understand and appreciate the
characteristics of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in order to prevent its
spread. It was founded that the virus is increasing in many regions and
countries that have achieved clear success in combating environmental
pollution or that are not exposed to dusty storm, and infections are
increasing again in the same country with different densities of sick
people according to the weather temperature and windy season. Three
important countries have been taken as case studies, such as Italy,
China and Iran. it was found that the regions that are exposed to dust
currents are less spreading of the coronavirus. This due to the dust is
almost contain 90 % of metal oxide that act as nature photocatalysts
for O●-2 and ●OH production. This oxidizing spices are capable to
destroy SARS-Cov-2.
Low phenotypic plasticity predispose plant species to extinction under eutrophication
Authors: Baattrup-Pedersen Annette , Cavalli Giulia , Larsen Søren , Johansson Liselotte , Riis Tenna
Published: January 2024

The number of urgently threatened species rapidly accelerates and almost
one-third of freshwater biodiversity face extinction. Here, we explore
mechanistic links between eutrophication and ecophysiological trait
plasticity to investigate if plasticity can predict species being
predisposed to extinction. Individuals of five species belonging to the
widespread and prominent genus Potamogeton were selected according to
their historical trend and transplanted into three replicate lakes along
a gradient in nutrient availability. After four weeks of growth, it was
observed that declining species were unable to convert increased
nutrient availability into enhanced rates of growth and that the
ecophysiological plasticity was lower regarding nutrient acquisition and
the ability to adjust physiologically to maximise growth under the
prevailing nutrient regime. We conclude that an important mechanism
behind species declines link to inappropriate ecophysiological
adjustments under nutrient enrichment that likely have severe
consequences for species competitive capabilities under eutrophication,
eventually leading to local extinction.
An evaluation of an influenza vaccination campaign targeting pregnant women in 27 clinics in two provinces of South Africa, 2015 -- 2018.
Authors: Bishop Katherine , McMorrow Meredith , Meiring Susan , Walaza Sibongile , Rossi Liza , Mhlanga Sarona , Tempia Stefano , Mathunjwa Azwifarwi , Kleynhans Jackie , Appiah Grace , McAnerney Jo , Zar Heather J. , Cohen Cheryl
Published: January 2024

Introduction Despite prioritization, routine antenatal influenza vaccine
coverage is <16% in South Africa. We aimed to describe
maternal influenza vaccine coverage in 27 antenatal clinics (ANCs) in
Gauteng and Western Cape (WC) Provinces, where in collaboration with the
Department of Health (DoH), we augmented the annual influenza
vaccination programme among pregnant women. Methods From 2015 through
2018, 40 230 additional doses of influenza vaccine were added to the
available stock and administered as part of routine antenatal care.
Educational talks were given daily and data were collected on women
attending ANCs. We compared characteristics of vaccinated and
unvaccinated women using multivariable logistic regression. Results We
screened 62 979 pregnant women during the period when Southern
Hemisphere influenza vaccines were available (27 068 in Gauteng and 35
911 in WC). Vaccine coverage at the targeted clinics was 78.7% (49
355/62 682), although pregnant women in WC were more likely to be
vaccinated compared to those in the Gauteng (Odds ratio (OR) =3.7
p<0.001). Women aged 25—29 and >35 years were
less likely to be vaccinated than women aged 18—24 years (OR=0.9
p=0.053; OR=0.9 p<0.001). HIV positive status was not
associated with vaccination (OR=1.0 p=0.266). Reasons for not
vaccinating included: vaccine stock-outs where ANCs depleted available
stock of vaccines and/or were awaiting delivery of vaccines (54.6%,
6949/12 723), refusal/indecision (25.8%, 3 285), and current illness
that contraindicated vaccination (19.6%, 2 489). Conclusion Antenatal
vaccination uptake was likely improved by the increased vaccine supply
and vaccine education offered during our campaign.
Comparison of Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy or Radiotherapy alone after Induction Chemotherapy for Hypopharyngeal Cancer
Authors: Wan Meng , Zhao Dan , Liu Weixin , Xu Xiaolong , Zheng Baomin , Xiao Shaowen , Sun Yan , Wang Weihu
Published: January 2024

Objectives Our study aimed to compare the efficacy and toxicity of
induction chemotherapy (IC) followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy
(CCRT) or radiotherapy (RT) alone in patients with locally advanced
hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC). Design: Cohort
Retrospective study Settings: Data of HPSCC patients collected from 2008
to 2020 Participants: 83 HPSCC patients Main outcomes measures: 83
patients with HPSCC in our center, who received IC followed by either
CCRT or RT alone according to multidisciplinary team (MDT) discussion,
were eligible for analysis. Among these patients, 52 patients underwent
CCRT and 31 received RT alone after IC and we compared the two groups.
Then we further compared the IC + CCRT and IC+RT groups in IC responders
showing complete response (CR) and partial response (PR). Survival,
toxicities clinical efficacy and outcomes were analyzed. Results For IC
responders, IC+CCRT compared to IC+RT improved the locoregional
relapse-free survival (LRPFS) (median: 39.3 vs.15.13 months; P=0.033),
distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) (median: 21.37 vs. 13.6 months;
P=0.044), PFS (median: 27.87 vs.11.37 months; P=0.048) and the overall
survival (OS) (median: 39.33 vs. 18.03 months, P=0.027). A multivariate
analysis confirmed IC+CCRT was a positive prognostic factor for LRPFS
and OS. However, for either all patients or IC non-responders, IC+CCRT
did not improve the survival compared to IC+RT. Regarding acute
toxicity, toxicities except ≥2 leucopenia were not statistically
different between the two groups. Conclusion In the IC responders, CCRT
may possess the survival benefit compared to RT alone in patients with
HPSCC. Moreover, the toxicities of two groups were comparable during the
therapy. Keywords hypopharyngeal carcinoma, induction chemotherapy,
chemoradiotherapy, radiotherapy, survival
Hydrophobic poly(ionic liquid)s as “two-handed weapons”: Maximizing lipase catalytic efficiency in transesterification of soybean oil toward biodiesel
Authors: Wang Qian , Ge Meiling , Guo Xuan , Li Zhijun , Huang Agen , Yang Fu , Guo Rong
Published: January 2024

Several mesoporous alkylated poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) were synthesized
precisely with divinylbenzene (DVB) and alkyl-functionalized ionic
liquids (IL) through free radical copolymerization. After served as
support for Candida antarctica lipase B (CalB) with a immobilized
efficiency of 99%, this biocatalyst was further demonstrated highly
advantageous for biodiesel production under mild conditions. Typical
catalyst CalB0.2@PIL-C8 was capable of effectively converting soybean
oil into biodiesel with a yield of 68.2%, which is higher than Novozym
435. And the biodiesel yield was almost 1.5 folds compared to that of
free CalB under the same conditions. The recovery test and leaching test
further confirmed its stability. The hydrophobic PILs not only provide
suitable reaction micro-environment but also utilize the flexible
hydrophobic alkyl chains to keep a conformation with more open active
sites of lipase. This work discloses a promising strategy towards
activating and stabilizing lipase dominated by hydrophobicity and
surface potential regulation of support in heterogeneous enzymatic
catalysis.
Association between the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor 1 axis and disease-modifying factors in children with sickle cell anemia
Authors: Costa-Júnior Domício , Santos Ana , Silva Célia , Velloso-Rodrigues Cibele
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a disease that develops
episodes of acute pain and multiple organ dysfunction that can affect
the GH/IGF-1 axis. The severity of SCA is influenced by modifying
factors, such as levels of fetal hemoglobin (HbF), the co-inheritance of
alpha-thalassemia, or treatment with hydroxyurea (HU). Objective: To
evaluate in children with SCA, the association of modifying factors with
growth and serum levels of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3. Methods: This
cross-sectional study in children with SCA evaluated bone age (BA),
adult height prediction (AHP) using BA, a target height (TH) calculated
as the mean SDS of the parents, and laboratory parameters. Children were
grouped according to serum levels of HbF, co-inheritance of
alpha-thalassemia, and HU therapy. Results and Conclusions: The mean age
of the 39 patients was 8.2±2.2 years old. The average height was
-0.75±0.30 SDS, and 10.3% (4/39) had short stature. Adjusted levels of
IGF-1 or IGFBP-3 were significantly higher in children with SCA under HU
therapy for more than 1 year, in children with HbF levels
>10%, and in those without alpha-thalassemia. Using SDS,
the growth potential of children with SCA in relation to their parents,
calculated by the difference between AHP and TH, as well as the
difference between children’s height and their TH, were lower in
children with co-inheritance of alpha-thalassemia. Therefore, the
co-inheritance of alpha-thalassemia in children with SCA may represent
an additional cause for impaired growth.
The Gauss-cos model for the nonlinear approximation of autocorrelation functions
Authors: Wu Zongmin , Yang Ran
Published: January 2024

We derived a Gauss-cosh model for autocorrelation functions in the
Fourier transform space by adopting the mass accumulation principle of
the Grassmann space to the amplitude-frequency instead of the
mass-point. Based on the Gauss-cosh model in the Fourier transform
space, our main Gauss-cos model for autocorrelation functions was
suggested on time domain. The physical interpretation of the Gauss-cos
model was provided too. The new Gauss-cos model may be better for the
kernel learning, pattern recognition or the approximation of the
autocorrelation function to solve the time-dependent problems. Numerical
experiments validated that the Gauss-cos model was efficient to fit the
autocorrelation function of the fertility rate. The first two major
principal phases of the Gauss-cos model we found for the autocorrelation
function of the fertility rate were caused by the public diffusion and
the mother-daughter diffusion.
Effects of Nitrogen Enrichment on the Competition Network of Above-Ground Species in Inner Mongolia Steppe
Authors: Sun Qingqing , Yang Junjie , Wang Shan , Yang Fengyan , Zhang Guangming , wei cunzheng , Han Xing-Guo , Li Jinshan
Published: January 2024

Nitrogen enrichment affects and changes the community structure of
terrestrial ecosystems. Recently, intransitivity competition networks
have been widely considered to in maintaining coexistence and
biodiversity. However, whether the structure and function of the species
competition network changes under nitrogen enrichment remains unclear.
In this paper, we applied the Apriori algorithm to find dominant species
assemblies to simulate competition matrices. We found that (1)
intransitive competition networks derived by a species-dominant assembly
accounted for a relatively large proportion of the derived networks, and
the species acting as mediators constituted a nested pattern; (2)Under N
enrichment, the complexity of the networks varied from an intransitive
network to a sub-competition structure, and transitive networks was a
transition structure between these two structures; (3) the negative
effect of N-enrichment on species network was counteracted by mowing and
rainfall; and (4) increasing the number of loops enhances the diversity
in a community, while high competition among species is a representation
of an intransitive competition network.
Regression Model for Confirmed and Fatal cases of COVID-19 in Karnataka & India
Authors: N Nethravathi , Ramesh KoKila , Gupta Radha , B Yamuna
Published: January 2024

A corona virus infectious disease (COVID – 19) is spreading quickly
throughout the globe. An exhaustive data available for this infectious
disease on confirmed cases, active cases, recovered cases and fatal
cases and relation between them will give us some information for future
statistical analysis and modelling. In this research paper, the focus is
on Modelling and forecasting the COVID – 19 cases for India and
Karnataka. With this view an auto regressive model has been developed
for the confirmed and fatal cases which are validated for the period of
data which has not been used for modelling. While comparing to the other
existing models this gives preferable results.
Vitamin D Supplementation for Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hong Xinyuan , Christ-Franco Marina , Moher David , Tse Darren , Lelli Daniel , Schramm David , Caulley Lisa , Kontorinis Georgios
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV), a
neuro-otological disorder accounting for nearly one-half of patients
with peripheral vestibular dysfunction, is commonly attributed to
displaced otoconia. These have been shown to have a biomineralization
close to that of bone, and Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with
BPPV. Objective: We aim to systematically review the available
literature on Vitamin D supplementation and BPPV intensity and
recurrence in adults. Design: We systematically reviewed the available
literature on Vitamin D supplementation and BPPV intensity and
recurrence. Articles were identified through searches of PubMed,
MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials
(CENTRAL), Current Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov as well as
manual reviews of references, from 1947 to April 2020. The study
protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database (Trial Registration:
CRD42020183195). Results: A total of 179 abstracts were identified and
screened by two independent reviewers. Based on inclusion and exclusion
criteria, six studies were selected and subjected to a quality
assessment. In one randomized clinical trial (RCT), Vitamin D
supplementation was found to reduce annual recurrence rate of vertigo in
patient with BPPV and subnormal serum Vitamin D levels compared to
placebo (odds ratio [OR] 0.69, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]:
0.54, 0.90). Non-randomized clinical trials demonstrated the possibility
of a null effect in the random effects model (0.08[0.00, 1.56]). The
RCT was the only study to be considered as low risk of bias in the
overall evaluation. All of the non-randomized studies were assessed as
serious risk of bias. Conclusions: The intervention studies identified
consistently demonstrated a decrease in BPPV recurrence with
supplementation of Vitamin D in patients with subnormal Vitamin D
levels. Although there is a paucity of high-quality studies, the present
literature does highlight a role for optimization of Vitamin D levels in
patients with BPPV.
Mechanical intestinal obstruction in underweight, elderly women: obturator hernia
Authors: SUN Ke-kang , WU Yong-you
Published: January 2024

Obturator hernia is an infrequent pelvic hernia observed in elderly,
emaciated and multiparous women. It often presents with nonspecific
clinical symptoms, making it difficult to diagnose. We conducted a
retrospective descriptive study on 11 patients admitted to our hospital
for intestinal obstruction due to incarcerated obturator hernia from
2009 to 2020. Eight patients underwent laparotomy with low midline
incision. Laparoscopic approach was tried on the other three patients
with two patients converting to open surgery because of inadequate
visualization, and only one patient received laparoscopic repair. Of the
10 patients receiving laparotomy, seven cases received hernia repair
with a match and three cases were performed simple peritoneal closure
following bowel resection. One patient died of multiple organ failure.
Laparotomy with low midline incision is commonly used to manage
obturator hernia in an emergency, whereas laproscopic approach may only
apply to some selected cases.
Title :The effect of vitamin D and Physical exercise on glycaemic control in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Authors: jan mehwish , bhat shaheena , nazir tauseef , shah adil
Published: January 2024

Background and purpose:The purpose of this study was to find correlation
between vitamin D,Physical exercise on glycaemic control in patients of
type2DM.Experimental approach:The study was conducted from November 2019
to December 2020 among subjects above 40 years of age at sub-district
hospital Sopore,North Kashmir.Total 400 patients diagnosed with diabetes
were registered for the study.Questionnaire containing relevant patient
information was collected at regular intervals.Statistical analysis were
performed.Results: Biochemistry values in the studied subjects with
Type2DM compared to healthy controls in the study revealed that fasting
glucose level,HbA1c,LDL,triglycerides,uric acid were higher inT2DM group
compared to the control group.The results of our study showed that
Vitamin D deficiency,lack of physical exercise,family history of
T2DM,hypertension and smoking were significant predictors of diabetes.In
Type2DM patients,mean vitamin D value was 21.45ng/ml opposed to 40ng/ml
in the control group.Also physical activity was found to be higher in
control group when compared to cases with p -value less than
0.00001.Also family history of DM was significantly higher in cases when
compared to control group with p-value of 0.044.There was also
statistically significant difference when parameters like HTN and
smoking were compared (both higher in cases as against the control
group) between two groups with p value 0.044 and 0.029 respectively.
Conclusion and implications: Vit D,physical exercise,family history of
diabetes may be contributing factors for the rising burden of diabetes
globally and in India.We need to take cognisance of factors leading to
the rising global burden of DM and take appropriate and necessary
measures to stop this growing menace
Impact of Maternity Leave and Breastfeeding Policies in Turkey on Physician Fathers: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: AGADAYI EZGİ , BASER Duygu AYHAN , CEVİK MURAT
Published: January 2024

Background: This study aimed to evaluate maternity leave from the point
of view of physician fathers and examine the factors that affect their
support for their colleagues. Methods: This is a descriptive research
study with a self-report online survey design and was conducted among a
social media group. A 20-item data-collecting tool used in this study
consisted of four parts—demographic data section, questions about
participant’s job, questions pertaining to his wife’s breastfeeding, and
questions regarding his opinions and attitudes toward his female
physician colleagues. Results: Of the total, 45.5% of the participants
stated that they faced difficulties, as their female physician
colleagues were on breastfeeding leave. Moreover, 60.3% of the
participants asserted that they have always been supportive of their
colleagues with regard to using breastfeeding leave. Furthermore, we
noted an increase in the number of night shifts (negatively) and
supportive attitude toward the spouse (positively) and that the status
of the spouse using breastfeeding leaves (positively) affected the male
physician’s supportive attitude toward their female physician
colleagues. Conclusion: The physician fathers wanted to support their
colleagues in using their breastfeeding leave; however, they faced an
increasing amount of workload. Although it is obvious how important it
is for mothers to use maternity leave, the health of the remaining
workers should not be ignored.
The synthetic retinoid fenretinide inhibits vitamin A formation and regulates carotenoid levels in mice
Authors: Miller Anthony , Black Molly , Amengual Jaume
Published: January 2024

Fenretinide, a synthetic retinoid with pleiotropic benefits for human
health, is currently utilized in clinical trials for cancer, cystic
fibrosis, and COVID-19. However, fenretinide reduces plasma vitamin A
levels by interacting with retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4), which often
results in reversible night blindness in patients. Cell culture and in
vitro studies show that fenretinide binds and inhibits the activity of
β-carotene oxygenase 1 (BCO1), the enzyme responsible for endogenous
vitamin A formation. Whether fenretinide inhibits vitamin A synthesis in
mammals, however, remains unknown. The goal of this study was to
determine if the inhibition of BCO1 by fenretinide affects vitamin A
formation in mice fed β-carotene. Our results show that wild-type mice
treated with fenretinide for ten days had a reduction in tissue vitamin
A stores accompanied by a two-fold increase in β-carotene in plasma (P
< 0.01) and several tissues. These effects persisted in
RBP4-deficient mice and were independent of changes in intestinal
β-carotene absorption, suggesting that fenretinide inhibits vitamin A
synthesis in mice. Using Bco1−/− and Bco2−/− mice we also show that
fenretinide regulates intestinal carotenoid and vitamin E uptake by
activating vitamin A signaling during short-term vitamin A deficiency.
This study provides a deeper understanding of the impact of fenretinide
on vitamin A, carotenoid, and vitamin E homeostasis, which is crucial
for the pharmacological utilization of this retinoid.
Infodemiology of Bell’s Palsy; Tracing the Seasonality of Facial Paralysis
Authors: Salbaş Ender , Ketenci Sertaç
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND: Although there are a few studies on the seasonality of
facial paralysis, no studies have utilized internet data for this
purpose. The use of internet data to investigate diseases and
user-contributed health-related content is increasingly prevalent, and
has earned the name “infodemiology”. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to use
Google Trends data to investigate whether there is a seasonal variation
in facial paralysis. METHODS: In this observational study, the search
volume for the terms “facial paralysis” and “Bell’s palsy” for a
total of 19 countries was queried from Google Trends, selecting the time
interval between 2004 and Oct. 2020. RESULTS: In the Cosinor analysis of
data from a total of 19 countries, from both northern and southern
hemisphere, a statistically significant seasonality was found in the
search volume of facial paralysis. It was observed that facial paralysis
peaked in spring in the northern hemisphere and in winter in the
southern hemisphere. CONCLUSION: Internet search query data showed that
facial paralysis has a seasonal variation, with peaks in spring for the
northern hemisphere and winter for the southern hemisphere. Further
studies are needed to understand the deviation between hemispheres and
the cause of the peak in winter‒spring season.
Case Report of Leimier's syndrome associated with Fusobacterium nucleatum infection without internal Jugular venous thrombus
Authors: Nguyen Haidang , Uppaluri Lakshmi , Sangani Jay , Simon Mitchell , Whitleywilliams Patricia , Baig Aisha
Published: January 2024

Fusobacterium nucleatum is an anaerobe that is commensal to the human
oral cavity. It is usually a component of periodontal plaque that is
emerging as a pathogen and quickly attracting attention of the medical
and research communities. It has been even discovered in bronchoalveolar
lavage of some patients with lung cancer. 24, 25 Lemierre’s syndrome
(LS) is characterized as septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular
vein, which usually begins with oropharyngeal infection that worsens and
lead to inflammation of the wall of the jugular vein9 . This is the
hallmark of the disease. However, in this case, there was no
thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein. There is one other case
presentation where it was diagnosed without the internal jugular vein
involvement.22. Most sequelae involve infected thrombus of the vein,
soft tissue inflammation, persistent bacteremia, and septic emboli,
often leading to frequent metastatic infections14,3. Interestingly
enough, in the age of SARS-CoV-2, LS has also been mistaken for
multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C)23. We present a
previously healthy 20-year-old female college student, who tested
positive to COVID-19 capsid antibody, transferred from her local
hospital to Bristol Meyer’s Squib Children’s hospital (BMSCH) for
suspected LS with loculated infected pleural effusions and necrotizing
pneumonia with lung abscess secondary to Fusobacterium nucleatum,
systemic and emphysematous osteomyelitis possibly secondary to septic
emboli, thrombocytopenia, and palatine tonsil and thyroid abscess.
Cascade of immune mechanism and consequences of inflammatory disorders
Authors: Megha KB , Seema Nayar , mohanan PV
Published: January 2024

Inflammatory responses arise as an outcome of tissues or organs exposure
towards harmful stimuli like injury, toxic chemicals or pathogenic
microorganism. It is a complex cascade of immune mechanism to overcome
from tissue injury and to initiate the healing process by recruiting
various immune cells, chemical mediators such as the vasoactive peptides
and amines, proinflammatory cytokines, eicosanoids and acute-phase
proteins to prevent tissue damage and ultimately complete restoration of
the tissue function. The cytokines plays a central role in communication
between the cells, inflammatory response initiation, amplification and
their regulation. This review will outline the importance of
inflammatory responses, the role of cytokines in inflammation and
various inflammatory disorders due to the abrupt expression of cytokines
and also highlighted the hyper-inflammatory response or cytokine storm
associated in the poor prognosis in COVID-19 pandemic.
THE EFFECT OF TAP BLOCK USE IN POSTOPERATIVE ANALGESIC DRUGS IN CESAREAN SECTION
Authors: Erol Mehmet Kenan
Published: January 2024

OBJECTİVES In our study, we aimed to compare the analgesic consumption,
patient satisfaction rate, vital signs, and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)
scores of patients with and without ASA II, TAPblock, in cesarean
surgery that takes general anesthesia, spinal anesthesia and epidural
anesthesia. METHOD The files of 180 patients who underwent elementary
cesarean section between January 2019 and December 2019 were analyzed
retrospectively. ASA score, anesthesia method, age, weight, height,
parity, TAP (Transvers abdominis plane) block application, VAS score,
analgesia duration, additional analgesic requirement for hours, patient
satisfaction, postoperative nausea, vomiting, urinary retention and
other complications was recorded. 180 patients included in the study was
divided in 6 groups: Group1 (n = 30): General anesthesia, Group 2 (n =
30): General anesthesia + TAP block, Group 3 (n = 30): Spinal
anesthesia, Group 4 (n = 30): Spinal anesthesia + TAP block, Group 5 (n
= 30): Epidural anesthesia, Group 6 (n = 30): Epidural anesthesia + TAP
block. RESULTS There was no significant difference between the groups in
terms of demographic variables. VAS scores of the first 24 hours were
significantly different for Group 1. VAS scores in the 1st and 3rd hour
were significantly higher in Group 1 than in other groups as well. The
groups without TAP block were significantly higher than the VAS scores
in the 12th hour. Further, Group 6 VAS score in 24th hour was
significantly the lowest, and the earliest analgesic requirement was in
Group 1. When the number of analgesic needs of the patients in 24 hour
was examined, Group1 was found to be significantly the highest, and
Group 6 was significantly the lowest of all groups. CONCLUSION The
Epidural anesthesia + TAPblock group had the lowest VAS score, the
fewest analgesic requirement, also the longest analgesia length, and the
highest patient satisfaction.
COMPARISON OF GENERAL AND SPINAL ANESTHESIA IN TERMS OF POSTOPERATIVE COGNITIVE DECLINE USING THE MMSE AND MOCA AFTER MINOR ELECTIVE SURGERY IN ELDERLY PATIENTS
Authors: Aytaç İsmail , AYTAÇ Betül GÜVEN , Demirelli Gökhan , Çalılı Duygu Kayar , Başkan Semih , POSTACI Aysun , GÖĞÜŞ Nermin
Published: January 2024

Introduction and aim Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is an important
complication associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and reduced
quality of life. Generally studies have focused on major surgery, while
there is little evidence of the incidence of cognitive dysfunction in
minor surgery. We aimed to compare general and spinal anesthesia in
terms of cognitive decline in elderly patients after elective minor
surgery using the Mini-mental state examination and Montreal cognitive
assessment. Material and methods This observational study was conducted
June 2014 to March 2015 at Ankara Numune Education and Research
Hospital. The Mini-mental state examination and Montreal cognitive
assessment scores were evaluated before and one day after the operation.
Results The postoperative Mini-mental state examination scores of
patients (26.23±2.77) were significantly lower than the preoperative
scores (27.17±1.93) only in the general anesthesia group (p =0.003),
while the postoperative Montreal cognitive assessment scores (22.87±3.88
for general and 23.13±4.08 for spinal anesthesia) were lower than the
preoperative scores (24.32±3.19 for general and 24.35±2.84 for spinal
anesthesia) in both the general and spinal anesthesia groups (p =0.000
and 0.019, respectively). The Postoperative cognitive dysfunction
incidence was 32.9% using the Montreal cognitive assessment and was not
significantly different between anesthesia methods. Conclusion Early
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is an important problem after
elective minor surgeries, even with spinal anesthesia, in elderly
patients. The Montreal cognitive assessment is an alternative tool that
can be applied in a short time for screening cognitive functions in
elderly patients. The cognitive screening of elderly patients
perioperatively may be beneficial.
Changes in Obstetric Interventions and Gestational Age Distributions in the United States, 1990-2015: A Population Analysis of Official Natality Records by State and Race/Ethnicity
Authors: Masters Ryan , Tilstra Andrea , Coleman-Minahan Kate
Published: January 2024

Objective To examine race/ethnic and state variation in changes in US
rates of labor inductions and rates of cesarean deliveries between 1990
and 2015, and to examine changes among a low-risk sample. Design
Population-based, retrospective. Setting 50 states and D.C. Population
All singleton first births in 1990 and 2015 from the National Vital
Statistics System Birth Data. Separate analytic samples are created for
births to Black (36 states, D.C.), Latina (42 states), and White women
(50 states, D.C.). Methods Calculate joint probabilities of birth by
weeks of gestation and by obstetric intervention status. Main Outcome
Gestational age at birth is measured in weeks and obstetric intervention
status was measured (1) vaginal delivery, no induction; (2) cesarean
delivery, no induction; and (3) labor induction. Results The probability
of birth between 37 and 39 weeks gestation increased substantially
between 1990 and 2015 among births to U.S. Black, Latina, and White
women. The increases were due to increases in labor induction at these
weeks gestation and due to downward shifts in the gestational age timing
of cesarean deliveries. Changes in the gestational age distribution did
not differ by race/ethnicity, and similar changes in both gestational
age and obstetric interventions were observed across U.S. states. The
changes were also observed among U.S. women at low-risk for obstetric
interventions. Conclusions Changes in gestational age distributions of
U.S. births and their underlying causes are likely national-level
phenomena and might not be responding to increases in maternal risk for
interventions.
New Shortcut Methodology for Reliable Initialization of Dividing Wall Columns and Estimating Pareto-Optimal NQ-curves
Authors: Ränger Lena-Marie , Grützner Thomas
Published: January 2024

In early project stages often no simulation results are available for
dividing wall columns. Hence, shortcut methods are helpful providing
estimates for vapor and liquid splits which can be used for initializing
rigorous process models. In a previous paper it was shown that diagrams
are a suited tool to satisfy this need. However, it has turned out that
the approach shows weaknesses for columns with finite and non-optimally
allocated stage numbers. This contribution closes this gap and presents
a new approach to derive suited initial guesses. For this purpose, the
original diagram is combined with a heuristic approach to calculate
Pareto-optimal column designs. The resulting stage-adapted diagram can
then be used to graphically determine suited ranges of the vapor and
liquid splits. A comparative study shows that the new approach is a
powerful tool to enable reliable guesses for multiple dividing wall
column simulations with finite stage numbers.
A Rare Report of the Coexistence of Sickle Cell Disease, Neurofibromatosis Type 1, and Intracranial Hypertension in a Pediatric Patient.
Authors: Patel Amie , Winter Timothy , Jain Akshat
Published: January 2024

A 8 year-old female with sickle cell disease diagnosed at birth was
confirmed to have neurofibromatosis type 1 at 13 months of age. At 7
years old, she was noted to have incidental papilledema with subsequent
workup showing elevated opening pressure. She was diagnosed with
intracranial hypertension and began treatment with acetazolamide and the
discontinuation of hydroxyurea. Acetazolamide was tapered off and
hydroxyurea was restarted with no worsening in her ophthalmologic exam.
We report this case due to the rare occurrence of all three conditions
as well as delineate the complications that can occur with the
combination of diseases.
Emergence of a young case infected with avian influenza A (H5N6) in Anhui Province, East China during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Pan Hai-Feng , Yu Jun-Ling , Hou Sai , Feng Ya-Ting , Bu Ge , Chen Qing-Qing , Meng Zhao-Qian , Ding Zhen-Tao , Guo Liang-Zi , Zhou Xue , Wang Meng , Huang Xin-Er , Li Wei-Wei , He Lan , Gong Lei , Sun Yong , Xu Zhiwei , He Jun , Wu Jia-Bing
Published: January 2024

In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, we investigated the
epidemiological and clinical characteristics in a young patient infected
by avian influenza A (H5N6) virus in Anhui Province, East China, and
analyzed genomic features of the pathogen. Through the cross-sectional
investigation of external environment monitoring (December 29-December
31, 2020), 1 909 samples were collected from Fuyang City. It was found
that the positive rate of H5N6 in Tianma poultry market was higher than
other areas obviously, where the case appeared. The virus was the clade
2.3.4.4, which was most likely formed by genetic reassortment between
H5N6 and H9N2 viruses. This study found that the evolution rates of HA
gene and NA gene of the virus were higher than those of common seasonal
influenza viruses. The virus was still highly pathogenic to poultry, and
had a preference for avian receptor binding.
Size-dependent ion adsorption in graphene oxide
Authors: Jin Xiaoheng , Wen Xinyue , Lim Sean , Joshi Rakesh
Published: January 2024

Graphene-based materials have demonstrated promising potential for
adsorption and purification applications. Graphene oxide (GO), due to
its amphiphilic nature, holds the possibility for removing various kinds
of contaminants, including heavy metal ions and organic pollutants from
aqueous environment. Here, we present size-selective ion adsorption in
GO-based laminated membranes by directly measuring the weight uptake of
slats. We tuned the interlayer spacing of GO membranes via cationic
control solutions using intercalation of very small salts ions (i.e. K+,
Na+, Cl-) very precisely to facilities the adsorption of larger ions
such as [Fe (CN)6]4- and [Fe (CN)6]3-. This study demonstrates
that if the opening of nanocapillaries within the laminates is bigger
than the hydrated diameter of ions, the adsorption occurs within the
membranes while for smaller opening, with no ion entrance the sorption
is on the surface of the membranes.
Imidazole as chemical stimulant induces large accumulation of β-cryptoxanthin in Dunaliella tertiolecta
Authors: Wu Fang-Chun , Song De-Xing , He Yu-Jing , Xie Shan-Rong , Liang Ming-Hua , Yan Bing , Jian-Guo Jiang
Published: January 2024

β-cryptoxanthin is the most commercially valuable carotenoid. This
research aimed to investigate the effects of imidazole treatment on the
growth and β-cryptoxanthin accumulation in Dunaliella tertiolecta. The
results showed that imidazole reduced the biomass, chlorophylls and
total carotenoids content of D. tertiolecta, but rapidly (4 days) and
considerably increased the accumulation of β-cryptoxanthin. The
combination treatment of imidazole with different light intensities
could further promote the accumulation of β-cryptoxanthin. Under 8000lx
light intensity, treatment with 500ppm imidazole for 4d is most
conducive to the accumulation of β-cryptoxanthin in D. tertiolecta, in
which condition the content of β-cryptoxanthin and single cell
β-cryptoxanthin were 1.133 times and 1.273 times higher than that in 250
ppm imidazole group, and the expression levels of DtBHY and DtZEP genes
was significantly increased. The findings in this research will provide
valuable information for chemical inducers to enhance the accumulation
of β-cryptoxanthin in microalgae and plants.
Curcumin and Analogues as Potential Epigenetic Modulators: Prevention of Metabolic Diseases
Authors: TANG Chunyin , LIU Yantao , LIU Shilin , YANG Chunsong , CHEN Li , TANG Fengru , WANG Fang , ZAN Lin , DENG Hong , LIN Yunzhu , YUAN Xiaohuan
Published: January 2024

The pathogenesis of diabetes and diabetic complications has been widely
studied in various countries, but effective prevention and treatment
methods are still insufficient. Diabetes is caused by an absence of
insulin or insulin resistance, which leads to metabolic disorders that
involve carbohydrates, fats and proteins that mediate an increase in
oxidative stress, release of inflammatory factors as well as
micro-circulation disorders, and ultimately develop into diverse
complications. In the last decade thru pathogenesis research,
epigenetics have been found to affect metabolic diseases. Particularly,
DNA methylation, histone acetylation, and miRNAs promote or inhibit
diabetes and complications by regulating the expression of related
factors. In this review, we discuss the effects of curcumin and
analogues on diabetes and associated complications by regulating
epigenetics. We summarize the preclinical and clinical research for
curcumin and analogues in terms of diabetes management and associated
complications, which may provide guidance for the development of
targeted therapy.
Research on core elements of intelligent construction based on IPD
Authors: DONG HAO , LI NA , Xu Junbing
Published: January 2024

The new construction method of intelligent construction has brought new
development opportunities to the construction industry. China’s
construction industry should seize the opportunity and actively explore
and innovate development of intelligent construction. Construction
methods and project management models are two important components of
the construction industry, and the collaborative application between the
two affects the innovation and development of the construction industry.
This article takes this as an entry point and proposes to build a new
project management model with intelligent construction technology as the
center and IPD as the core delivery method-a intelligent construction
management model based on IPD. Constructed a intelligent construction
model based on the four-dimensional structure of IPD, discussed the
difference between the traditional mode, IPD mode, and IPD-based
intelligent construction management mode, and proposed the principles,
standard contracts, work platforms, implementation processes, and teams
for constructing this new model in this article. The connotation of key
elements such as culture, technology, and goals, and finally through the
US IPD case analysis, demonstrated the feasibility of its new model, and
pointed out the path for the application of intelligent construction in
my country’s construction industry.
High--quality RNA improves sensibility of colorimetric RT-LAMP technique to detect SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Puigmulé Marta
Published: January 2024

The global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has required a rapid and reliable
diagnostic test. RT-qPCR is currently the gold standard method for
standard SARS-CoV-2 detection. Here we developed a protocol based on
RT-LAMP and we compare the results obtained in fresh RNA extracts and in
RNA samples with some freezing/thawing cycles, with those obtained using
the standard method. We demonstrated that RT-LAMP approach has high
sensitivity in fresh RNA extracts and can detect positive samples with
Ct value between 0-35
Metabolic and ecological insights of the microbial community from the southern Gulf of Mexico deep-sea sediments
Authors: Torres-Beltrán Mónica , Vargas-Gastelúm Lluvia , Magdaleno-Moncayo Dante , Riquelme Meritxell , Herguera-García Juan Carlos , Prieto-Davó Alejandra , Lago-Lestón M. Asunción
Published: January 2024

Marine sediments harbor an outstanding level of microbial diversity
supporting diverse metabolic activities. Sediments in the Gulf of Mexico
(GoM) are subjected to anthropic stressors including oil pollution with
potential effects on microbial community structure and function that
impact biogeochemical cycling. Metagenomic analyses offer a significant
insight into the potential metabolic capacity of the microbial
community, including hydrocarbon metabolism and the use of alternative
carbon sources to thrive under limiting growth conditions. We identified
genes for methane, naphthalene and toluene degradation affiliated with
Rhizobiales, Burkholderiales and Rhodocyclales. In addition, results
point to amino acids metabolism is mainly related to sulfur reducing
bacteria affiliated with Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi and Firmicutes, and
may play a crucial role as a central carbon source to favor growth in
the Southern GoM impoverished carbon environment. Furthermore, regarding
central carbon assimilation pathways, we identified the TCA pathway as
one of the core metabolic pathways, as well as , aspartate, glutamate,
glyoxylate and leucine degradation pathways, also as part of the
metabolic core across samples. These observations provide fundamental
and unprecedented knowledge for the Southern GoM sediments as a baseline
for future studies to model microbial community responses to
environmental perturbations, as well as to develop more accurate
mitigation and conservation strategies.
Alternative methodology for the study of brain distribution of drugs with in vitro tests.
Authors: Sanchez-Dengra Barbara , Gonzalez-Alvarez Isabel , Gonzalez-Alvarez Marta , Bermejo Marival
Published: January 2024

Background and purpose: The development of new drugs or formulations for
central nervous system (CNS) diseases is a complex pharmacologic and
pharmacokinetic process, it is important to evaluate their access to the
CNS through the blood−brain barrier (BBB) and their distribution once
they have acceded to the brain in order to ensure that the drug will
reach its target and it will do its effect successfully. The gold
standard tool for obtaining this information is the microdialysis
technique, but, according to 3Rs principles it would be better having an
“animal-free” alternative technique able to give the same information.
Because of that, the purpose of this work was to develop a new
formulation to substitute the brain homogenate in the in vitro tests
used for the prediction of drugs distribution in the brain. Experimental
Approach: Fresh eggs has been used to prepare an emulsion with the same
proportion in proteins and lipids that a human brain. Key Results: The
emulsion has proved to be able to predict, both, the unbound fraction of
drug in the brain (fu,brain) and the apparent volume of distribution in
the brain (Vu,brain) when tested in in vitro permeability tests.
Conclusion and Implications: The new formulation could be used as a
screening tool and only the drugs with a proper in vitro distribution
would pass to microdialysis studies, contributing to the refinement,
reduction and replacement of animals in research.
The antibody response to COVID-19 among kidney transplant recipients who had PCR confirmed infection
Authors: Dincer Mevlut Tamer , Eren Necmi , Murt Ahmet , Yildiz Nuriye , Ozcan Seyda Gul , Ergul Metin , Bek Sibel Gokcay , Atli Zeynep , Trabulus Sinan , Dervisoglu Erkan , Doganay Levent , Seyahi Nurhan
Published: January 2024

Introduction Data on antibody response following COVID-19 in kidney
transplant recipients is scarce. We performed a cross-sectional study to
investigate antibody response to COVID-19 among kidney transplant
recipients. Design We recruited 46 kidney transplant recipients with
RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 and 45 recipients without COVID-19 history. We
also constructed two control groups (COVID-19 positive and negative)
from a historical cohort of health care workers. We used age and
sex-based propensity score matching to select eligible subjects to
control groups. We measured SARS-Cov-2 IgG levels quantitatively using
the Abbott ARCHITECT system. An antibody level above 1.4 S/C defined
positivity. Results Transplant recipients with COVID-19 had a higher
BMI, and COVID-19 history in a household member was more common than
that of the transplant recipient without COVID-19. IgG seropositivity
rate (69.6% vs 78.3%, p=0.238) and median IgG level (3.28 [IQR
0.80-5.85] vs 4.59 [1.61-6.06], p=0.499) were similar in COVID-19
positive transplant recipients and controls. There was a trend toward
lower antibody levels in kidney transplant recipients associated with a
longer duration between RT-PCR and antibody testing (r=-0.532,
p<0.001). Conclusion At the early post-COVID-19 period,
transplant recipients have an antibody response that is similar to
controls. However, antibody levels and associated immunity should be
closely observed with longer follow-up durations.
Variational approaches to Nonlinear equations involving the square root of the Laplacian
Authors: Salari Amjad , Omidi Mohammad
Published: January 2024

In this work, we study the multiplicity results for parametric
fractional equations involving the square root of the Laplacian
$A_{1/2}$ in a smooth bounded domain $\Omega
\subset \mathbb{R}^n
(n\geq 2)$ and with zero Dirichlet boundary conditions.
In fact, using a consequence of the local minimum theorem due to Bonanno
we look into the existence one solution under algebraic conditions on
the nonlinear term, and then by employing two critical point theorems,
one due to due Averna and Bonanno, and another one due to Bonanno we
guarantee the existence of two and three solutions for the problem
$A_{1/2}u=\lambda f(u)$ in $\Omega$
with boundary condition $u=0$ on
$\partial\Omega$.