bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multiple intermolecular interactions in guest inclusion by acyclic host compounds
Authors: Kawahata Masatoshi , Yamamoto Haruka , Tominaga Masahide , Yamaguchi Kentaro
Published: October 2023

One ketone or ester guest molecule was captured by multiple disubstituted adamantane units having nitrophenol moieties through multiple intermolecular interactions including OH⋯O and CH⋯O interactions.
A tunable broadband terahertz MoS2 absorber using series–parallel hybrid network design
Authors: Cai Fei , Kou Zhifei , Deng Guangsheng
Published: October 2023

A broadband, single-layered tunable MoS2 absorber was designed using a series–parallel hybrid equivalent circuit.
Atomic spectrometry update – a review of advances in environmental analysis
Authors: Bacon Jeffrey R. , Butler Owen T. , Cairns Warren R. L. , Cavoura Olga , Cook Jennifer M. , Davidson Christine M. , Mertz-Kraus Regina
Published: October 2023

This review covers advances in the analysis of air, water, plants, soils and geological materials by a range of atomic spectrometric techniques including atomic emission, absorption, fluorescence and mass spectrometry.
Understanding radiation-generated electronic traps in radiation dosimeters based on organic field-effect transistors
Authors: Dremann Derek , Kumar Evan J. , Thorley Karl J. , Gutiérrez-Fernández Edgar , Ververs James D. , Bourland J. Daniel , Anthony John E. , Kandada Ajay Ram Srimath , Jurchescu Oana D.
Published: October 2023

An investigation into the origins of radiation-generated traps utilizing characterization of large area transistor arrays, spectral analysis of the trap density of states, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and GIWAXS.
Discovery of a novel AcrAB-TolC pump inhibitor using the multistep virtual screening, synthesis and biological evaluation of asymmetric imidazole-4,5-dicarboxamide derivatives
Authors: Phan Thien-Vy , Huynh Phuong Nguyen Hoai , Nguyen Vu-Thuy-Vy , Nguyen Thanh-Phuc , Vu Thanh-Thao , Thi Vo Cam-Van , Le Minh-Tri , Nguyen Bao Gia Dang , Truong Phuong , Thai Khac-Minh
Published: October 2023

By virtual screening, we identify the potential of asymmetric imidazole-4,5-dicarboxamide derivatives as E. coli-AcrB efflux pump inhibitors. The compounds are synthesized and their inhibitory activity is evaluated by a biological assay.
Dynamic poly(hindered urea) hybrid network materials crosslinked with reactive methacrylate polymer
Authors: Patel Twinkal , Park Junyoung , Kim Minsoo P. , Ye Zhibin , Ko Hyunhyub , Jung Hyun Wook , Oh Jung Kwon
Published: October 2023

Dynamic poly(hindered urea) hybrid networks crosslinked with a well-defined polymethacrylate exhibited rapid network relaxation with lower activation energy when designed with excess t-butylamino pendants, thus leading to excellent reprocessability.
Modified polyacrylonitrile cross-linked with carboxymethyl cellulose constructing a hydrogen bonding network for high-performance silicon anodes
Authors: Li Han , Wan Zhengwei , Wu Tong , Wang Kun , Wang Xiangxiang , Cao Jun , Ling Min , Yu Dongxu , Liang Chengdu
Published: October 2023

A coating with balanced conductivity, elasticity and binding strength is realized by establishing a hydrogen bonding network among SiNPs, modified-polyacrylonitrile (PAN), and binders, which can withstand a significant volume change.
Optical absorption performance of CZTS/ZnO thin film solar cells comprising anti-reflecting coating of texturing configuration
Authors: Almawgani Abdulkarem H. M. , Alzahrani Ahmad , Hajjiah Ali , Mehaney Ahmed , Elsayed Hussein A. , Sayed Hassan
Published: October 2023

Our research is essentially focusing on the optical absorption enhancement of CZTS/ZnO thin film cells at visible wavelengths.
Dielectric constant enhancement of poly 4-vinylphenol (PVPh) via graphene flakes incorporation through electrospray atomization for energy storage
Authors: Ali Adnan , Teke Sosiawati , Siddiqui Ghayas Uddin , Mok Young Sun
Published: October 2023

We report on the fabrication of hybrid composite poly 4-vinlyphenol (PVPh)/graphene thin film via cost-effective electrospray atomization deposition technique.
Plasmonic Ag@Cu2O core–shell nanostructures exhibiting near-infrared photothermal effect
Authors: Ivanchenko Mariia , Carroll Alison L. , Brothers Andrea B. , Jing Hao
Published: October 2023

Formation of Ag(nanocube)@Cu2O nanocomposite system offers several advantages, such as tunability of optical characteristics, that are pivotal to the enhancement of their photothermal properties.
Synergistic coupling of interface ohmic contact and LSPR effects over Au/Bi24O31Br10 nanosheets for visible-light-driven photocatalytic CO2 reduction to CO
Authors: Liu Jie , Xie Yu , Wang Yiqiao , Yang Kai , Su Shuping , Ling Yun , Chen Pinghua
Published: October 2023

The challenge of synergistically optimizing different mechanisms limits the further improvement of plasmon-mediated photocatalytic activities.
Net-clipping as a top-down approach for the prediction of topologies of MOFs built from reduced-symmetry linkers
Authors: Ortín-Rubio Borja , Rostoll-Berenguer Jaume , Vila Carlos , Proserpio Davide M. , Guillerm Vincent , Juanhuix Judith , Imaz Inhar , Maspoch Daniel
Published: October 2023

Net-clipping is a strategy for the topological prediction of MOFs built with reduced-symmetry linkers. It is based on the deconstruction of nets by clipping half of the connectivity in tetrahedral, hexagonal, cubic or hexagonal prismatic nodes.
Photochemical α-selective radical ring-opening reactions of 1,3-disubstituted acyl bicyclobutanes with alkyl halides: modular access to functionalized cyclobutenes
Authors: Xiao Yuanjiu , Xu Tong-Tong , Zhou Jin-Lan , Wu Feng , Tang Lei , Liu Ruo-Yi , Wu Wen-Biao , Feng Jian-Jun
Published: October 2023

A protocol for synthesis of cyclobutenes through visible light initiated α-selective radical ring-opening of bicyclobutanes with alkyl radicals was achieved.
Tailoring the shell thickness of yolk–shell structured carbon microspheres: applications in metal selenide and carbon composite microspheres for enhanced sodium ion storage properties
Authors: Seo Hyo Yeong , Choi Jae Hyeon , Kim Yeong Beom , Cho Jung Sang , Kang Yun Chan , Park Gi Dae
Published: October 2023

Herein, synthesis of nanostructured carbon yolk–shell, which have various thicknesses of the outer shell, are introduced. The optimized nickel–cobalt selenide–carbon yolk–shell exhibited excellent performance as a sodium-ion battery anode material.
The intrinsic activity descriptor of TM-N3-C single-atom catalysts for electrochemical CO2 reduction: a DFT study
Authors: Wang Linmeng , Liu Zhiyuan , Li Rushuo , Gao Hongyi , Yang Ping , Wang Wei , Xue Xiangdong , Feng Shihao , Yu Lingjing , Wang Ge
Published: October 2023

The volcano-shaped physical curve is established between the intrinsic descriptor Ψ and the performance for electrocatalytic CO2 conversion to CH4, and Ru-II, Rh-II, and Pd-II as the promising SACs distribute close to the summit of the volcano curve.
Amorphous porous Fe-BTC prepared via the post-synthetic metal-ion metathesis of HKUST-1
Authors: Byun Asong , Moon Dohyun , Lee Byeongchan , Park Jinhee
Published: October 2023

Post-synthetic metal-ion metathesis (PSMM) of CuZn-HKUST-1 with Fe2+/Fe3+ affords Fe-BTC: an aperiodic, defect-rich, but porous material. The complete PSMM and Fe2+ to Fe3+ oxidation enriches metal-node disorder and enhances Lewis acidity.
Belinostat loaded lipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticulate delivery system for breast cancer: improved pharmacokinetics and biodistribution in a tumor model
Authors: Pradyuth Kommera Sai , Salunkhe Shubham A. , Singh Arihant Kumar , Chitkara Deepak , Mittal Anupama
Published: October 2023

A novel lipid polymer hybrid nanoparticulate system to improve the systemic exposure of Belinostat and aid in efficient tumor uptake.
PHF1 compartmentalizes PRC2 via phase separation
Authors: Lu Genzhe , Li Pilong
Published: October 2023

Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) is central to polycomb repression as it trimethylates lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27me3). How PRC2 is recruited to its targets to deposit H3K27me3 remains an open question. Polycomb-like (PCL) proteins, a group of conserved PRC2 accessory proteins, can direct PRC2 to its targets. In this report, we demonstrate that a PCL protein named PHF1 forms phase-separated condensates at H3K27me3 loci that recruit PRC2. Combining cellular observation and biochemical reconstitution, we show that the N-terminal domains of PHF1 cooperatively mediate target recognition, the chromo-like domain recruits PRC2, and the intrinsically disordered region (IDR) drives phase separation. Moreover, we reveal that the condensates compartmentalize PRC2, DNA, and nucleosome arrays by phase separation. Luciferase reporter assays confirm that PHF1 phase separation promotes transcription repression, further supporting a role of the condensates in polycomb repression. Based on our findings, we propose that these condensates create favorable microenvironments at the target loci for PRC2 to function.
Development and Application of a Reference-Interval Approach to Tympanometric Norms Using U.S. Population Data for Ages 6–80+ Years
Authors: Humes Larry
Published: October 2023

Purpose:

United States national data for tympanometric measures from 16,614 ears included in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for 2015–2016 and 2017–2020 were analyzed and described.

Method:

Analyses were primarily descriptive and relied on distribution-free medians and cumulative distribution functions (CDFs). Differences between CDFs were examined using Cohen's
h
effect size. Results are presented for the age range 6–80+ years. A reference interval (RI) approach was pursued in which the interval from the 2.5th to the 95th percentile for healthy ears was specified for peak-compensated static admittance (Y
tm
+), tympanometric peak pressure, tympanometric width, and equivalent acoustic ear-canal volume (V
ea
+).

Results:

Separate RIs were required for 6- to 13-year-olds compared to those 14–80+ years of age for all four tympanometric measures. For both age groups, a separate RI was warranted for each sex for Y
tm
+ and V
ea
+. For those 14–80+ years of age, a separate RI was also needed for non-Hispanic Asians for Y
tm
+. When these RIs were applied to the full data set, about 5%–10% of ears were found to be either below the lower limit or above the upper limit of the RI. Those ears outside the RI limits had about 5 dB higher low-frequency hearing thresholds than those within RI limits. Both Y
tm
+ and V
ea
+ were found to depend on body size.

Conclusion:

RIs for tympanometric measures from individuals with healthy ears were established, and when applied to the general U.S. population 6–80+ years of age, 5%–10% of ears fell outside the RIs depending on the measure.
Grammaticality Judgments of Tense and Agreement by Children With and Without Developmental Language Disorder Across Dialects of English
Authors: Oetting Janna B. , McDonald Janet L. , Vaughn Lori E.
Published: October 2023

Purpose:

Within General American English (GAE), the grammar weaknesses of children with developmental language disorder (DLD) have been documented with many tasks, including grammaticality judgments. Recently, Vaughn et al. replicated this finding with a judgment task targeting tense and agreement (T/A) structures for children who spoke African American English (AAE), a dialect that contains a greater variety of T/A forms than GAE. In the current study, we further tested this finding for children who spoke Southern White English (SWE), another dialect that contains a greater variety of T/A forms than GAE but less variety than AAE. Then, combining the SWE and AAE data, we explored the effects of a child's dialect, clinical group, and production of T/A forms on the children's judgments.

Method:

The data were from 88 SWE-speaking children (DLD,
n
= 18; typically developing [TD],
n
= 70) and 91 AAE-speaking children (DLD,
n
= 34; TD,
n
= 57) previously studied. As in the AAE study, the SWE judgment data were examined both with
A
′ scores and percentages of acceptability, with comparisons between dialects made on percentages of acceptability.

Results:

As in AAE, the SWE DLD group had significantly different
A
′ scores and percentages of acceptability than the SWE TD group for all sentence types, including those with T/A structures. Additional analyses indicated that the judgments of the TD but not the DLD groups showed dialect effects. Except for verbal –
s
, overt production and grammaticality judgments were correlated for the TD but not for the DLD groups.

Conclusions:

Children with DLD across dialects of English present grammar difficulties that affect their ability to make judgments about sentences. More cross-dialectal research is needed to better understand the grammatical weaknesses of childhood DLD, especially for structures such as verbal –
s
that are expressed differently across dialects of English.
Radiographic Magnification on Videofluoroscopy: An Important Variable to Consider for Scaled Analyses of Swallowing
Authors: Molfenter Sonja M. , Jones-Rastelli Rebecca Brynn , Balou Matina
Published: October 2023

Purpose:

Traditionally, kinematic measures on videofluoroscopy require the use of an external scalar (such as a penny) to transform pixels to absolute distances. Videofluoroscopy is subject to image magnification based on the distance of the feature of interest to the X-ray source. However, the impact of the position/location of the external scalar on swallowing measures is unknown. Our goal was to systematically investigate the accuracy of various common external scalar locations in lateral and anterior–posterior (A-P) view.

Method:

U.S. pennies were taped to a styrofoam head in three positions (on the left and right lateral neck and in midline submentally). Locations were measured to ensure equal left and right, as well as midline, placement. A metal screwdriver (6 mm in diameter) was inserted into the premanufactured hole that is centrally located at the bottom of the styrofoam head. The head was centered on a medical tray and placed in the middle of a Siemens Alpha C-arm Fluoroscope field. ImageJ was used to measure penny length in pixels (three locations) in both lateral and A-P views. Penny length was known (19.05 mm), and, therefore, used to derive screwdriver size (for each location) for comparison to the actual screwdriver size.

Results:

All scalars overestimated the screwdriver size ranging from 6.55 to 7.87 mm, representing a 9%–31% inflation. Scalars closer to the X-ray source had the largest magnification.

Conclusions:

Our results confirm that image magnification of external scalars is a significant source of variability that is currently unaccounted for in the swallowing literature. Recommendations for future research design/measurement methods are provided.
Using the Natural Language Acquisition Protocol to Support Gestalt Language Development
Authors: Blanc Marge , Blackwell Amanda , Elias Paulina
Published: October 2023

Purpose:

The purpose of this article is to describe gestalt language development, a natural style of language acquisition, and describe how the Natural Language Acquisition (NLA) protocol can be used to support autistic and non-autistic individuals with language development. NLA builds on previous research findings and is used to detail and quantify the stages of gestalt language development.

Method:

This article is based on a review of the literature that describes echolalia and the language acquisition process of individuals who develop language in a gestalt style.

Results:

For years, autistic people have been sharing about their lived experiences with acquiring language through “scripts” and
“
echolalia.” Collaborating with families and establishing a connection based on trust between the clinician and the child are essential components of supporting gestalt language development and are at the core of NLA.

Conclusions:

Clinicians can use the strategies outlined in NLA to support language development in gestalt language processors. In the interest of not excluding autistic people or underrepresented groups, it is necessary to change the traditional sequence of research to include marginalized communities such as multilingual and international populations in future studies regarding gestalt language development.
Transcriptional regulation of the human factor IX promoter by the orphan receptor superfamily factors, HNF4, ARP1 and COUP/Ear3
Authors: Naka H. , Brownlee G. G.
Published: October 2023

A study of the human clotting factor IX promoter by DNase I footprinting and gel shifts in vitro, and by functional analysis of HepG2 cells in vivo, suggests that the liver‐enriched transcription factor, HNF4, is involved in transactivating two cis‐acting elements, i.e. X (nucleotides −15 to +3) and Y (nucleotides +15 to +36), in addition to the well‐known element centred around nucleotide −20. Other members of the orphan receptor superfamily, e.g. ARP1 and COUP/Ear3, repress the factor IX promoter possibly by competition with HNF4 binding sites in the X and Y elements, but probably not at the −20 element. Mutations at −6 in the promoter, similar to those found in patients with haemophilia B, hinder HNF4 binding and transactivation of the X element, suggesting that impaired HNF4 binding contributes to the down‐regulation of the factor IX expression in these patients, but is unlikely to be the only factor involved.
Two‐order cooperative optimization of swarm control based on reinforcement learning
Authors: Yu Dengxiu , Qin Zhenhao , Chen Kang , Cheong Kang Hao , Chen C. L. Philip
Published: October 2023

This paper presents a study of the cooperative optimal swarm control problem for two‐order multi‐agent systems with partially unknown nonlinear functions. Unlike traditional approaches that consider a single error, this paper proposes to use multi‐order errors in the performance index function to achieve optimal control performance. Additionally, different proportional coefficients are assigned to illustrate the varying influences of each sequence error, and a two‐order cooperative (TOC)performance index function is designed. To address the influence of unknown nonlinear functions, a swarm control system based on sliding mode control with an actor‐critic network is constructed, which increases the applicability of the proposed method to a variety of dynamic models. Furthermore, to alleviate the computational pressure caused by the multi‐order errors in the TOC performance index function, a new reinforcement learning (RL)‐based sliding mode swarm controller is designed. The stability of the proposed controller is demonstrated using the Lyapunov function. Finally, the control model and control rate are applied to a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle system, and simulation results demonstrate that the multi‐agent systems can effectively achieve swarm control.

Impact Statement: This paper proposes a reinforcement learning‐based sliding mode control strategy for the cooperative optimal swarm control problem, where the nonlinear functions of two‐order multi‐agent systems are only partially known. In addition, we also propose a cooperative performance index function, which takes into account multi‐order errors for optimizing the performance. This contribution is significant for research in sliding mode control strategies and error co‐optimization.
A 0.45‐V low‐power low‐noise amplifier using a wideband image‐rejection technology
Authors: Hsieh Jian‐Yu , Chen Wei‐Ting
Published: October 2023

A 0.45‐V low‐power wideband image‐rejection low‐noise amplifier (LNA) using Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) 0.18‐μm CMOS process has been proposed. The supply voltage, power consumption and chip area of the proposed LNA can be reduced using forward body biasing, folded cascode topology and a feedback capacitor. Moreover, a wideband gain‐enhancement‐and‐image‐rejection (WGEIR) circuit including a variable resonant LC tank and a common‐gate amplifier has been developed. The inductance of the variable resonant LC tank can enlarge the gain of the proposed LNA. The capacitance of the variable resonant LC tank can achieve the image rejection. Using the WGEIR circuit, gain enhancement and wideband image rejection can be achieved simultaneously. The variable inductors and capacitors are developed for suppressing wideband image signals and good image rejection ratio (IRR). The combination of the variable inductors and capacitors can achieve eight image‐reject frequencies under three control voltages. The proposed LNA shows the measured results including a 10‐dB power gain, a 3‐dB noise figure (NF) and a −11‐dBm input third‐order intercept point (IIP3) at 2.4 GHz, respectively. The measured IRR ranges from 18 to 23 dBc around 3.6–4.5 GHz, which is 900‐MHz image‐reject bandwidth. The measured proposed LNA using the mentioned techniques consumes 0.8‐mW power.
Fault detection and classification using deep learning method and neuro‐fuzzy algorithm in a smart distribution grid
Authors: Mbey Camille Franklin , Foba Kakeu Vinny Junior , Boum Alexandre Teplaira , Souhe Felix Ghislain Yem
Published: October 2023

This article proposes a deep learning (DL) model made of Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) and Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) to detect fault in smart distribution grid assisted by communication systems using smart meter data. In smart grid, data analysis for fault identification and detection is crucial for grid monitoring. Nowadays, there are several DL techniques developed for smart grid data analysis applications. To solve this problem, a novel data analysis model based on deep learning and Neuro‐fuzzy algorithm is developed for fault location in a smart power grid. First, the LSTM is applied for training the data samples extracted from the smart meters. Then, an ANFIS algorithm is implemented for fault detection and identification from the trained data. Finally, faults are located with the higher accuracy. With this intelligent method proposed, single‐phase, two‐phase and three‐phase faults can be identified using a restricted amount of data. The novelty of the proposed method compared with other methods is the capability of fast training and testing even with large amount of data. To verify the effectiveness of our methodology, an intelligent model of the IEEE 13‐node network is used. The effectiveness and robustness of the proposed model are evaluated using several parameters such as accuracy, precision‐recall, F1‐score, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve and complexity time. The obtained results indicate that the proposed deep learning model outperforms existing deep learning methods in the literature for fault detection and classification with 99.99% accuracy.
Construction of Highway Asphalt Pavement Maintenance Comprehensive Post-evaluation System
Authors: Xiao Yin , Zhang Yunfan
Published: October 2023

This paper proposes a post-evaluation index system and index hierarchy for utility model technologies and processes for maintenance based on domestic and international road maintenance post-evaluation studies, mainly evaluating it from five aspects of engineering technology, management technology, economic benefits, social environment, and sustainable development. The engineering technology is evaluated according to the implementation stage, and the corresponding comprehensive evaluation formula is established according to the maintenance classification, which can comprehensively analyze the implementation quality and effect of the maintenance measures. By establishing the life-cycle cost model, the economic benefit of conservation is evaluated from the two aspects of the cost of the management department and the user. Using energy consumption and carbon emission intensity index to analyze the stage of the conservation process can effectively evaluate the impact of conservation measures on the social environment. This study can provide a reference for the evaluation of new maintenance technologies and new processes, which has very important practical significance.
Cold-Formed Thin-Walled Steel in Rural Buildings in China
Authors: Zhou Junliua , Ye Yingjuan
Published: October 2023

In 2017, with the proposal of the rural revitalization strategy, the vast rural areas in China ushered in great development. A large number of rural construction projects began to be launched. At the same time, with the continuous development of rural society and economy, people have higher and higher requirements for the construction of rural buildings. Traditional building materials have been difficult to meet the needs of rapid construction and building comfort. People began to explore the application of new building materials in rural construction. Cold-formed thin-walled steel is gradually popularized and applied in rural buildings because of its characteristics and advantages. The article first summarizes the main characteristics of cold-formed thin-walled steel. It then analyzes and compares it with the characteristics of traditional Chinese main rural building materials. Then, the advantages of the prefabricated cold-formed thin-walled light-weight steel structure buildings constructed by cold-formed thin-walled steel are summarized. The conclusion is drawn that the prefabricated cold-formed thin-walled light-weight steel structure buildings will become the main trend of the future development of rural buildings in China.
Construction Risk Assessment for Old Town Renovation Based on AHP-LEC
Authors: Jiang Yanli , Yang Jian
Published: October 2023

Old city renovation can improve the living environment and quality of residents and enhance the image of the city, and in the process of urbanisation, old city renovation is always a people’s livelihood project that cannot be ignored. This paper takes the old city renovation in County H as an example, through the combination of hierarchical analysis method (AHP) and construction safety evaluation method (LEC) in the renovation process, constructs the safety assessment model, uses the Delphi method to determine the factors that lead to the occurrence of safety accidents in the construction, assigns scores to each index and realises the quantitative analysis, and finally analyses the weighted size of the factors that lead to the occurrence of safety accidents and carries out the safety assessment. Based on the results of the safety assessment, it provides certain reference significance for the future transformation of the old city.
Design of Municipal Sewer Pipe Jacking under Complex Geological Conditions in Plateau Regions
Authors: Zhou Wenqing , Qu Shenghu
Published: October 2023

The drainage and sewage interception project hi Zhaoyang District involved the installation of a DN1000 municipal sewer pipeline with a total length of 1541 m. Considering factors such as geological conditions, pipe diameter, buried depth, groundwater level, as well as the impact of nearby underground and aboveground structures and traffic, the trenchless construction method of pipe jacking was selected for implementation. The pipeline followed the route of Weiba Road, crossed Jinying Avenue, and then proceeded along the Second Ring East Road until it reached the bank of Yaowan River. The project design took into account practical considerations, including the sewer pipe diameter, material selection, pipeline routing, construction of pipe jacking starting shafts, and the design and modification of arriving shafts, in line with the specific engineering requirements.
Study on market mechanisms for participation of small-scale hydropower clusters in electricity energy and ancillary services
Authors: Huang Honghui , Xie Cheng , Zhang Pengfei , Tao Jiarong
Published: October 2023

The problem of large-scale distributed new energy consumption is highlighted under the double carbon target. Based on the existing distributed small hydropower and local hydrological and geographical conditions, the pumping-storage linkage function of distributed small hydropower can be realized through small-scale transformation according to local conditions, which can significantly reduce the construction cost and improve the profitability of the power station. The development of small hydropower to pumped storage can effectively enhance the flexible regulation capacity of the power grid. Based on an analysis of the investment environment, profitability and option characteristics of small hydropower to pumped storage projects, this paper conducts a study on the operational mechanism of hydropower participation in the electricity energy market and auxiliary services market to provide support for small hydropower to pumped storage investments in the new situation.
Laboratory study on partial replacement of conventional construction materials for the construction industry in India
Authors: Makendran C. , Mahalingam B. , Inti Jagan
Published: October 2023

The study focuses on the conservation of natural resources by replacing three vital construction materials: (i) Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) with Marble Dust (MD) (ii) Fine Aggregate (FA) with tile in powdered form and (iii) aggregate with tile chips (TC) for the building construction works. In this present study, the abovementioned materials were used in 10, 20, and 30% as a replacement. As per the current scenario, only limited research papers are available that show what happens when the components are used as individual substitutions for the materials. Due to the lack of supporting evidence for material substitutions in concrete construction, the philosophy of experimenting with the use of mixtures of substitute materials in concrete has emerged. Experiments were conducted with M25 grade concrete, and the best mixes, M24 and M32, are mixes that replace all three traditional components of concrete, achieving strengths of 31.11, 2.76, and 8.0 N/mm2 in compression, 33.33, and 2.76, and 8.25 N/mm2 in flexure, respectively.
Iron Deficiency Prior to Discharge in Very Low Birth Weight Infants: Screening with Reticulocyte Hemoglobin Content
Authors: Kennady Geetika , Afridi Faraz , Neumann Dana , Amendolia Barbara , Kilic Nicole , Bhat Vishwanath , Bhandari Vineet , Aghai Zubair H.
Published: October 2023

Objective This study aimed to assess the iron status prior to discharge in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants utilizing reticulocyte hemoglobin content (CHr) and evaluate the impact of delayed cord clamping (DCC) on iron status.

Study Design This is a retrospective analysis of VLBW infants from two tertiary level of care Neonatal Intensive Care Units. The primary outcome was the proportion of VLBW infants with low CHr (<29 pg) prior to discharge. Hematologic parameters were also compared between infants who received or did not receive DCC. Infants with a positive newborn screen for hemoglobin Bart's were excluded.

Results Among the 315 infants included, 99 infants (31.4%) had low CHr prior to discharge. The median (interquartile range) CHr prior to discharge was 30.8 pg (28.4–39 pg). DCC was performed in 46.7% of infants. Hemoglobin at birth, discharge, and CHr prior to discharge were higher and the need for blood transfusion and the number of infants with low CHr prior to discharge were lower in the DCC group.

Conclusion Approximately 31.4% of VLBW infants had low CHr near the time of discharge suggesting they were iron deficient. DCC improved hematological parameters prior to discharge in VLBW infants. CHr content can be used to guide iron supplementation in VLBW infants to potentially improve their iron status and long-term neurocognitive outcomes.

Key Points
Electrochemical Hydro- and Deuterocarboxylation of Allenes
Authors: Ding Cheng-Lin , Zhong Jun-Song , Yan Hong , Ye Ke-Yin
Published: October 2023

Electrochemical hydrocarboxylation and deuterocarboxylation of allenes and carbon dioxide were achieved with H2O and D2O, respectively. This reaction generally affords good to excellent regioselectivity in the formation of diverse carboxylic acids.
Very Rare Liver Tumor: PEComa Case Report with and a Review of Literature
Authors: Yazıcı Celal , Gündoğdu Elif
Published: October 2023

Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas) are very rare mesenchymal tumors. In addition to being rare in general, they are even rarer in the liver. There are various subtypes and there is only one case of liver PEComa reported in the clear cell type in the literature to date. We present the second clear cell type liver PEComa in this case by reviewing the literature data. The hypodense, smooth-edged, ovoid lesion was detected on computed tomography (CT) for performing abdominal pain in a 41-year-old female patient. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was then performed for lesion characterization. The lesion was hypointense on T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), hyperintense on T2-weighted imaging (T2WI). In dynamic phases, it showed marked enhancement on the arterial phase and capsular enhancement with central washout on the portal and late venous phases. The posterior branch of the right portal vein extended into the mass. The lesion was excised and the pathological result was epithelioid clear cell subtype of PEComa. Although the imaging findings are generally nonspecific and certain diagnosis is made histopathologically, radiologists should consider PEComa in the differential diagnosis in the presence of intensely enhanced lesion on the right lobe in female patients. Also, the “large vessel sign” may help in the diagnosis.
Complete Duplication of Inferior Vena Cava Coexisting with Double Superior Vena Cava In Situ Solitus: Hitherto Unreported Pattern
Authors: Sharma Arun , Bhatia Harsimran , Naganur Sanjeev Hanumantacharya , Singhal Manphool
Published: October 2023

Congenital anomalies of inferior vena cava are increasingly being recognized with the technical advancements and increased utilization of cross-sectional imaging techniques. Duplication of inferior vena cava classically involves duplication of the infrarenal segment, where both inferior vena cava ascend on either side of the abdominal aorta until they form a confluence at the level of the renal veins. It has been extensively described in literature with few reports of more complex variation in the form of duplicated infrarenal inferior vena cava with azygos or hemiazygos continuation. This article describes extremely rare complete duplication of inferior vena cava involving both suprarenal and infrarenal segments. Moreover, the complete duplication of inferior vena cava is seen in association with concomitant double superior vena cava, in a patient with visceroatrial situs solitus and associated congenital heart disease, which to the best of our knowledge, has not been reported so far in literature. This study also highlights the utility of multidetector computed tomography in accurate identification of such anomalies.
Bilateral Cubonavicular and Synchronous Talocalcaneal Tarsal Coalition with Stress Response—Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Hussein Mohsin , Metcalfe Stuart , Iyengar Karthikeyan P. , Botchu Rajesh
Published: October 2023

Tarsal coalition occurs in 1% of the population and represents a congenital failure of segmentation in two or more tarsal bones. It most commonly occurs at the talocalcaneal and calcaneonavicular joint. Although commonly asymptomatic, it may present with pain, rigidity, and pes planus. Cubonavicular, multiple synchronous, and bilateral coalitions are rare but an awareness is required to ensure accurate diagnosis and management. In this article, we presented the first reported case (to the best of our knowledge) of bilateral cubonavicular coalition with synchronous talocalcaneal coalition and stress response within the intermediate cuneiform.
Repeat Surgery for Vestibular Schwannomas: An Institutional Case Series
Authors: Nandoliya Khizar R. , Winterhalter Emily J. , Karras Constantine L. , Khazanchi Rushmin , Youngblood Mark W. , Texakalidis Pavlos , Chandler James P. , Magill Stephen T.
Published: October 2023

Introduction Vestibular schwannomas (VSs) are treated with microsurgery and/or radiosurgery. Repeat resection is rare, and few studies have reported postoperative outcomes. The objective of this study was to describe clinical characteristics and outcomes in patients undergoing repeat surgery for VS.

Methods All adult (≥ 18 years) patients undergoing VS resection between 2003 and 2022 at our institution were retrospectively reviewed to identify patients who underwent repeat surgery of an ipsilateral VS following prior gross-total (GTR) or subtotal resection. Patient, radiographic, and clinical characteristics were reviewed. Primary outcomes were postoperative tumor volume, extent of resection, postoperative cranial nerve deficits, and time to further tumor progression.

Results Of 102 patients undergoing VS resection, 6 (5.9%) had undergone repeat surgery. Median (range) follow-up was 20 (5–117) months. Three patients were female. Median age was 56 (36–60) years. Median pre- and postoperative tumor volumes were 8.2 (1.8–28.2) cm3 and 0.4 (0–3.8) cm3. GTR was achieved in two patients. Four patients had higher House-Brackmann scores at last follow-up, but none had tumor progression.

Conclusion In this small cohort of patients, repeat resection of recurrent or progressive VS can effectively reduce tumor volume with acceptable perioperative outcomes.
Interventional Neuroradiology: Why Don't Brazilian Female Physicians Like It?
Authors: Gatto Luana Antunes Maranha , Martins Marina Anita , Lourenço Elora Sampaio
Published: October 2023

Objective Much has been discussed about gender diversity in all professional fields, particularly in medicine. Recent studies showing that there are fewer than ten female professionals in interventional neuroradiology (INR) in a continental country like Brazil, and less than thirty in all of Latin America, have prompted an investigation into the causes of the low numbers of women choosing to follow this medical specialty. This project intended to reveal the reasons through an anonymous form applied to women in the final year of the three medical residencies considered prerequisites for INR in Brazil: neurology, radiology and neurosurgery.

Materials and Methods The questionnaire addressed to each of the three fields contemplated the professionals' preference to follow their respective subspecialties, in addition to common considerations that could be deemed barriers to INR.

Results Surprisingly, the weak link in the chain was demonstrated to be radiology, which is the exclusive prerequisite residency for training in INR in many countries. However, in Brazil, most doctors who graduate in INR come from Neurosurgery and, secondly, from neurology. These two specialties together account for less than half of the female residents compared to radiology alone.

Conclusion All of the following items were already expected: difficulty in reconciling a double shift; employment opportunity; long training time; the lack of female leaders inspiring new generations of doctors; issues involving radiation and motherhood; and still the barriers of misogyny and machismo. But specific studies need to be conducted to find out why very few radiology residents follow INR training in Brazil.
Comparison of Prognostic Performance between Fisher and Modified Fisher Scales for Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Rabello Pedro Henrique Mouty , Rabelo Nicollas Nunes , Telles João Paulo Mota , Coelho Antônio Carlos Samaia da Silva , Yoshikawa Marcia Harumy , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen , Figueiredo Eberval Gadelha
Published: October 2023

Objective The present study aims to assess and compare the prognostic value of these two scales for predicting mortality.

Method We reviewed 172 patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, who were followed-up for 6 months. The Fisher and modified Fisher scales were evaluated for the prediction of mortality using logistic regressions.

Results The Fisher scale was associated with mortality (odds ratio [OR]: 2; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09–4.05) in the multivariate analysis. The modified Fisher scale was not associated with mortality in the multivariate analysis (OR: 1.39; 95% CI: 0.9–2.29), nor in the univariate analysis (OR: 1.24; 95%CI: 0.87–1.86). There was no significant association between Fisher score and unfavorable functional outcomes (mRS > 2) in the univariate analysis (OR: 1.33; 95%CI: 0.92–1.92), nor in the multivariate analysis (OR: 1.37; 95%CI: 0.92–2.05). There was no significant association between modified Fisher scores and unfavorable functional outcomes in the univariate analysis (OR: 1.16; 95%CI: 0.88–1.52). There was also no significant association in the multivariate analysis (OR: 1.18; 95%CI: 0.88–1.57).

Conclusion Only the Fisher scale was associated with mortality. Neither of the two scales was associated with unfavorable functional outcomes (mRS > 2).
Factors Related to the Recurrence of Low-grade Gliomas
Authors: Lin David Ilun Tseng , Muhlmann Lindson , Botta Fábio Pires , Hamamoto Filho Pedro Tadao , Zanini Marco Antonio , Fernandes Adriano Yacubian
Published: October 2023

Objective To identify the determining factors for reoperation in patients with low-grade gliomas, taking into account the degree of resection, and to analyze the histological aspects, observing possible transformations with signs of malignancy in the tissue samples.

Materials and Methods The sample consisted of 40 cases of low-grade glioma that were operated on at Hospital das Clínicas de Botucatu between 2013 and 2019.

Results The mean follow-up was of 37 months, and the sample was composed of 28 men and 12 women with a mean age at the first surgery of 43.1 ± 15.6 years. Epileptic seizures were observed in 31 (77.5%) patients. According to the histological classification, half of the patients presented oligodendroglioma (50%), of grade II in most cases (97.5%). Total or subtotal resection was achieved in 22 (55%) patients. Only one patient underwent radiotherapy, and two underwent chemotherapy. Reoperation was performed in 20 (50%) patients. The median interval between the first surgery and the reapproach was of 16 (range: 0–77) months. In the second approach, the histological classification was of astrocytoma in 4 (20%) cases, oligoastrocytoma in another 4 (20%), oligodendroglioma in 7 (35%), and glioblastoma in 5 (25%) cases. The only variable associated with the need for reoperation was the degree of resection after the first surgery (p = 0.013).

Conclusions Total resection of low-grade gliomas, when feasible, should be performed to avoid recurrence.
Predictors of Preexposure Prophylaxis Eligibility among Pregnant People with Opioid Use Disorder
Authors: Young Anna Marie P. , Reddy Paavani , Gonzalez Alba M. , Arlandson Mary E. , Patel Ashlesha , Premkumar Ashish
Published: October 2023

Objective We seek to evaluate risk factors for eligibility for preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among pregnant people with opioid use disorder (OUD).

Study Design This is a single-site retrospective cohort study of pregnant people admitted for management of OUD at an urban, tertiary care center from 2013 to 2022. PrEP eligibility was defined based on (1) modified American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists' (ACOG) 2014 criteria: diagnosis of a sexually transmitted infection (STI), engagement in transactional sex work, intravenous drug use (IVDU), or incarceration and (2) modified 2021 Centers for Disease Control (CDC) criteria: diagnosis of bacterial STI (e.g., gonorrhea or syphilis) or transactional sex work. Risk factors associated with PrEP eligibility were evaluated using chi- square or Fischer's exact tests for categorical variables and t-tests or Wilcoxon rank-sum tests for continuous variables. Multivariable regression was used to control for confounding covariates, defined as p < 0.10 on bivariate analysis. p < 0.05 was used to indicate statistical significance.

Results A total of 132 individuals met inclusion criteria, of whom 101 (76.5%) were deemed eligible for PrEP by meeting one or more modified 2014 ACOG criteria: 42 (31.8%) were incarcerated or had one or more STIs, while 30 (22.7%) endorsed engaging in transactional sex work and 68 (58.6%) endorsed IVDU. Using modified 2021 CDC criteria, 37 (28%) met PrEP eligibility, with 12 (9.1%) diagnosed specifically with a bacterial STI and 30 (22.7%) engaging in transactional sex work. Only comorbid psychiatric illness was associated with an increased risk for PrEP eligibility based on 2014 criteria, which persisted after controlling for maternal race/ethnicity (aRR 1.52, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.24–1.86), and 2021 criteria, which persisted after controlling for nulliparity (aRR 2.12, 95% CI 1.30–3.57).

Conclusion A significant number of pregnant people with OUD meet one or more criteria for PrEP, with comorbid psychiatric conditions increasing the risk of meeting criteria.

Key Points
A recipe for tunable DNA hydrogels
Authors: Patrick Chris
Published: October 2023

Changing the structure of microscopic DNA ladders tailors hydrogels properties for potential applications in drug delivery, biosensing, and tissue engineering.
Solution phase high repetition rate laser pump x-ray probe picosecond hard x-ray spectroscopy at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource
Authors: Reinhard Marco , Skoien Dean , Spies Jacob A. , Garcia-Esparza Angel T. , Matson Benjamin D. , Corbett Jeff , Tian Kai , Safranek James , Granados Eduardo , Strader Matthew , Gaffney Kelly J. , Alonso-Mori Roberto , Kroll Thomas , Sokaras Dimosthenis
Published: October 2023

We present a dedicated end-station for solution phase high repetition rate (MHz) picosecond hard x-ray spectroscopy at beamline 15-2 of the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource. A high-power ultrafast ytterbium-doped fiber laser is used to photoexcite the samples at a repetition rate of 640 kHz, while the data acquisition operates at the 1.28 MHz repetition rate of the storage ring recording data in an alternating on-off mode. The time-resolved x-ray measurements are enabled via gating the x-ray detectors with the 20 mA/70 ps camshaft bunch of SPEAR3, a mode available during the routine operations of the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource. As a benchmark study, aiming to demonstrate the advantageous capabilities of this end-station, we have conducted picosecond Fe K-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy on aqueous [FeII(phen)3]2+, a prototypical spin crossover complex that undergoes light-induced excited spin state trapping forming an electronic excited state with a 0.6–0.7 ns lifetime. In addition, we report transient Fe Kβ main line and valence-to-core x-ray emission spectra, showing a unique detection sensitivity and an excellent agreement with model spectra and density functional theory calculations, respectively. Notably, the achieved signal-to-noise ratio, the overall performance, and the routine availability of the developed end-station have enabled a systematic time-resolved science program using the monochromatic beam at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource.
Relativistic and magnetic Breit effects for the reaction Sg + 6CO → Sg(CO)6 and Sg(OC)6: Prediction of the existence and atomization energy of the isomer Sg(OC)6
Authors: Malli Gulzari L.
Published: October 2023

Our ab initio all-electron fully relativistic Dirac–Fock (DF) and Dirac–Fock–Breit–Gaunt (DFBG) and nonrelativistic (NR) Hartree–Fock (HF) calculations for seaborgium hexacarbonyl Sg(CO)6 predict atomization energies (Ae) of 68.81, 69.28, and 67.69 eV, respectively, at the corresponding optimized octahedral geometry. However, our DF, DFBG, and NR HF calculations for the isomer Sg(OC)6 yield atomization energies of 64.30, 64.77, and 62.62 eV, respectively, at the optimized geometry for this species. The optimized Sg–C and C–O bond distances (in Å) for octahedral Sg(CO)6 using our DF (NR) calculations are 2.15 (2.32) and 1.11 (1.11), respectively. However, the optimized Sg–O and O–C bond distances (in Å) for the isomer octahedral Sg(OC)6 obtained with our DF (NR) calculations are 2.80 (2.73) and 1.10 (1.11), respectively. Our prediction of the greater stability of Sg(CO)6 isomer at both the relativistic (DF and DFBG) and the NR HF levels of theory lends further support to the detection of Sg(CO)6 in the state-of-the-art gas-phase experimental studies of the carbonyl complex of seaborgium reported by Even et al. [Science 345(6203), 1491 (2014)].