bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CELIAC DISEASE AND DOWN SYNDROME
Authors:   Department of Medical Gastroenterology, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India., Malhotra Parveen , Sanwariya Yogesh ,   Department of Medical Gastroenterology, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India., Senti Senti ,   Department of Medical Gastroenterology, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India., Vishwajeet Vishwajeet ,   Department of Medical Gastroenterology, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India., Singh Harman ,   Department of Medical Gastroenterology, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India., Kumar Sandeep ,   Department of Medical Gastroenterology, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India.
Published: January 2025

Celiac disease is immune related disorder of small bowel which is seen in genetically predisposed people and isdue to permanent intolerance to wheat gliadins and other cereal prolaminsalso known as gluten-sensitive enteropathy or non-tropical sprue. In 1888, it was first described byDr. Samuel Gee and in Greek means koiliakaos-abdominal. Dicke in1950 highlighted association between the consumption of bread, cereals and diarrhea which improved after stoppage of wheat intake. Thediagnosed cases of celiac disease represent just a tip of iceberg and rest 90% are hidden and undiagnosed. Celiac disease is confirmed by clinical symptoms, serology, endoscopy, histopathological diagnosis and resolution of symptoms after gluten restricted diet. Celiac disease requires life-long gluten restrictionthus, compliance rate varies between 50% to 90%,and is slightly more in elderly & females. As per available data, there is association between coeliac disease and Downs syndrome. Therefore, while evaluating associations of Downs Syndrome, coeliac disease should not be missed.
Effects of environmental orientation and environmental knowledge on the willingness to reduce plastic waste among Gen Z in Indonesia and Thailand
Authors: Rosdiana Weni , Prastyawan Agus , Lestari Yuni , Citra Manggalasari Lena , Kunto Wibisono Haryo , Topark-ngarm Pattanapong , Nikmah Farika
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to explore the willingness to reduce plastic waste analyzing the effect of environmental orientation and environmental knowledge. The analysis was conducted at three universities, with respondents being 430 students who are categorized as Gen Z. The universities involved are State University of Surabaya, State Polytechnic of Malang, Indonesia, and College of Local Khon Kaen University, Thailand. Using path analysis, the paper revealed that environmental orientation and environmental knowledge significantly influence the willingness to reduce plastic waste. All variables used in the research model are significant for both the outer and inner models. This study confirms a positive and significant influence on the relationship between independent variables, as well as between independent and dependent variables. All relationships produce T statistic > T table (1.96). Environmental knowledge is positively and significantly influenced by environmental orientation by 32% (TStat = 3.535), willingness to reduce plastic waste (TStat = 6.874) is influenced by environmental orientation by 50%, and willingness to reduce plastic waste (TStat = 5.454) is influenced by environmental knowledge by 41%. The findings of this study are important, considering that Gen Z will be decision-makers not only for personal interests in their consumption behavior but also for Gen Z’s position as policymakers in the future.
Invisible lives: Occupied cities as a blind spot in geopolitical research
Authors: Suchikova Yana
Published: January 2025

This study examines the complexities of researching Ukraine’s occupied territories, where silence often acts as both a defense mechanism and a barrier to understanding. It addresses the causes of informational isolation, including censorship, fear of repression, and restricted access to independent sources. The paper highlights the methodological and ethical challenges researchers face, particularly in working with sensitive data and engaging with vulnerable populations. The roles of universities, citizen science, media, and NGOs are explored as crucial avenues for gathering fragmented but vital information and fostering a broader understanding of life under occupation. Emphasis is placed on integrating FAIR principles (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, Reusability) with CARE principles (Collective Benefit, Authority to Control, Responsibility, Ethics) to ensure data are both responsibly managed and ethically used. Combining analytical rigor with reflective narratives, this study advocates for interdisciplinary approaches and strategic collaborations that transcend academic boundaries. These efforts are vital for post-war recovery, reintegration, and developing socially inclusive and sustainable strategies that address the human realities of occupation.
A Very Low–Carbohydrate Program in Adults With Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Phospholipase Domain–Containing Protein 3 Risk Genotype: Pre-Post Intervention Study
Authors: Saslow Laura R , Krinock Jamie , O'Brien Alison , Raymond Kaitlyn , Bayandorian Hovig , Moskowitz Judith T , Daubenmier Jennifer , Oliveri Antonino , Marriott Deanna J , Griauzde Dina H , Speliotes Elizabeth K
Published: January 2025

Background

Insulin resistance and the G allele of rs738409 interact to create a greater risk of metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease.

Objective

This study aims to confirm that one promising way to reduce insulin resistance is by following a very low–carbohydrate (VLC) dietary pattern.

Methods

Adults with rs738409-GG or -CG with liver steatosis and elevated liver function tests, were taught an ad libitum VLC diet, positive affect and mindful eating skills, goal setting, and self-monitoring and given feedback and coaching for 4 months. We measured liver steatosis, anthropometric, serum metabolic diet adherence, and quality of life measures.

Results

In this small pilot trial, of the 11 participants enrolled, 9 (82%) participants completed outcomes. All 11 participants viewed at least 1 session of the intervention, and 8 (73%) participants viewed at least half of the sessions. Among the 9 participants who provided 4-month self-report information, intervention satisfaction was high (mean 6.22, 95% CI 5.58-6.85), with 5 (56%) participants rating the intervention the top score, and 4 (44%) participants reporting they did not plan to stop following the VLC diet. Across participants with a 4-month hepatic liver fat percent measurement, the percent change in liver fat was −33.17% (95% CI −86.48 to 20.14), and in only the participants who were adherent to the eating pattern, the percent change in liver fat was −53.12% (95% CI −71.25 to −34.99). Amongst participants with a 4-month hepatic liver fat percent measurement, 6 out of 8 (75%) participants were considered responders, with a relative decline in liver fat ≥30%, and of the 9 participants with a 4-month body weight, 9 (100%) participants lost ≥5% of their body weight. There were no serious adverse events.

Conclusions

Results suggest the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of the VLC intervention in adults with higher genetic risk for metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease, although there is a need for further studies given the small sample size and the high risk of substantial biases in this small pilot study.
VaxEval: A Benchmark Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models on Vaccine Knowledge (Preprint)
Authors: Chen Siyuan , Wu Zhengdong , Wass Lily , Lin Leesa
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly utilized in medical knowledge platforms, yet their capabilities in specialized domains like vaccination remain underexplored. Understanding their performance in these domains is vital for their successful application in educational and public health initiatives.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of leading Large Language Models (LLMs) in the specialized domain of vaccination knowledge using a newly developed Vaccination Evaluation Benchmark Dataset. By assessing their accuracy across multiple-choice questions (MCQs) pertaining to 14 common mandatory or recommended vaccines, this study aims to identify the strengths and weaknesses of LLMs in vaccine-related knowledge. Additionally, it seeks to provide insights into the selection and optimization of LLMs for use in public health initiatives and medical education, with a focus on improving their reliability and effectiveness in underrepresented vaccine areas.

METHODS

This study generates the Vaccination Evaluation Benchmark Dataset, comprising 1,341 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) to assess the vaccine knowledge of various leading LLMs, including GPT-4o, Claude3-Opus, and Gemini 1.5 Pro. The dataset draws from global health authoritative sources such as the WHO and CDC for 918 MCQs and peer-reviewed scientific literature from January 2015 to April 2024 for an additional 423 MCQs, covering 14 common mandatory or recommended vaccines such as COVID-19, Dengue, Polio, and RSV.

RESULTS

The GPT-4o model demonstrated the highest accuracy at 88.6% (95% CI: 87.0-90.3). Other models like Claude 3, GPT-4, and Gemini Pro showed competitive results in the mid-80s, while older models such as GPT-3.5 and Zero-one AI achieved accuracies below 80%. LLMs exhibited robust knowledge in well-publicized vaccine areas like Influenza and COVID-19, yet performed weaker in lesser-known vaccine categories such as RSV and Dengue.

CONCLUSIONS

This study underscores the critical importance of a robust selection process for LLMs in developing digital health tools. Newer models, with more comprehensive training, consistently outperform older ones, particularly in vaccination-related knowledge. To maximize their impact on public health and medical education, selecting the right models and enhancing their training on less-publicized vaccines is essential for creating accurate, reliable, and effective tools in addressing global health challenges.
Effectiveness of Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) Supplementation on Antibody Titers of Newcastle Disease, Avian Influenza and Infectious Bursal Disease in Broilers
Authors: Hartono Madi , Sirat Muhammad Mirandy Pratama , Santosa Purnama Edy , Ermawati Ratna
Published: January 2025

Newcastle Disease, Avian Influenza and Infectious Bursal Disease are three important broiler diseases with high morbidity and mortality that can increase broiler antibody titers. The aims of this study were to determine the effect and the best dose of immunomodulatory supplementation of Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) liquid extract by increasing the antibody titer of Newcastle Disease, Avian Influenza and Infectious Bursal Disease of broilers. The study was conducted for 30 days in the Karang Anyar broiler farm unit, Jati Agung District, South Lampung Regency, Lampung Province, experimentally five treatments and five repetitions for each treatment. Each repetition used five broilers. Five treatments with different doses, namely drinking water without liquid extract of Andrographis paniculata (P0); drinking water with liquid extract of A. paniculata 3 mg/kg BW (P1); 6 mg/kg BW (P2); 12 mg/kg BW (P3); (24 mg/kg BW (P4) 31-day-old broiler blood serum was obtained from the brachial vein using a 3 mL disposable syringe. Testing ND and AI antibody titers with HI test and IBD antibody titer with indirect ELISA test at MediLab Laboratory Antibody titer data in tabulation and analyzed descriptively. The content of andrographolide and flavonoids are thought to act as immunostimulants for specific and non-specific immune functions through the production of NK cells, macrophages, cytokine induction, IL-2 production, and lymphocyte proliferation. The conclusions of this study were supplementation of Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) liquid extract at a dose of 6 mg/kg BW in broiler drinking water could increase antibody titers against Newcastle Disease and Infectious Bursal Disease and at a dose of 24 mg/kg BW in broiler drinking water could increase antibody titres against Avian Influenza.
Health and Production Performance of Broiler strain Cobb with Closed House IoT system in Cimahpar, Bogor
Authors: Arif Ridi , Widiatmoko Agus , Nurzuliana Dina
Published: January 2025

One source of affordable protein for the Indonesian was broiler chickens. Farmer were competing to do optimal broiler production. For independent farmers, it is difficult to carry out efficient production because of global warming which triggers rapidly changing microclimate condition. Therefore, the closed house system can be an alternative. The purpose of this study was to observe the performance of strain cobb broilers reared in a closed house system supported by the Internet of Things (IoT). A total of 12,000 DOC were divided into 2 types of cages and 2 maintenance periods. The types of cages used were closed and open house and the maintenance period was January-February and April-May 2022. Each cage contain of 3,000 individuals and were maintained with a standard system. IoT systems were used to monitor the microclimate conditions. The results of the recording show that the closed house system gives better results. The comparison of the average body weight per chicken between closed and open house on days 4, 15, 25, and 30 respectively was 88 and 86 g; 520 and 495 gr; 1.73 gr and 1.127; 1,630 and 1,520 gr. The total harvest weight gave an increase of 5.21% (4,259 to 4,481.8 kg) and a better FCR from 1.49 to 1.40 in the closed house system. The closed house system for independent farmer was able to increase the efficiency because it provides comfortable microclimate so that the chickens grow better. The independent farmers can use closed house system for more profitable broiler production.
Deteksi Bakteri Patogen Pada Daging Ayam Broiler Sebagai Skrining Foodborne Diseases Di Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Suswati Enny , Supangat Supangat , Lutfadaturroifa Alya Wafaul , Pratama Dava Rizky
Published: January 2025

Chicken meat is a source of animal protein that is very popular because of its high nutritional value, easy to obtain and cheap. However, as production increases, certain drugs and feed additives become essential for disease prevention, treatment, and growth promotion. The negative effect of using antimicrobial drugs is that they accumulate in animal tissues as residues and eventually become part of the food pyramid, subsequently impacting human health.A total of 45 broiler chickens were purchased from broiler meat sellers in 9 traditional markets in Jember. We took five broiler chicken meat randomly from each market. Samples have identified the type of contaminant bacteria using Salmonella Chromogenic Agar and Mannitol Salt Agar. The results of this study showed that broiler chicken meat samples were contaminated with E. coli (45/45 (100%)), Staphylococcus aureus (43/45 (95.56%)), Salmonella spp. (38/45 (84.44%)) and Proteus spp. (14/45 (33.33%)). All broiler meat samples purchased at the Jember traditional market were contaminated with at least 1 type of bacteria, namely E. coli. The index of bacterial contamination is between 0.25 – 1. The most common contamination patterns are S. aureus, E. coli and Salmonella spp., with a bacterial contamination index of 0.75.
Case Study: Colibacillosis and Coccidiosis in Broiler Chicken Farm
Authors: Hartady Tyagita Tyagita , Subagio Reza Taufik , Khairani Shafia
Published: January 2025

Colibacillosis and coccidiosis are diseases that often infect broiler chicken. Escherichia coli is an opportunistic commensal bacterium. Colibacillosis often occurs as a secondary infection from other infectious diseases, such as coccidiosis. Coccidiosis is a digestive disease caused by Eimeria sp. Colibacillosis and coccidiosis cause stunting in chicken. This study was conducted to determine pathological features in colibacillosis and coccidiosis cases in broiler, as well as predisposing factors that can increase the risk of these diseases. The results of this study showed that colibacillosis causes pathological changes including peritonitis which is characterized by the formation of fibrinous exudate in the peritoneum, and inflammation of the air sacs. Coccidiosis causes hemorrhagic lesions in the small intestine and cecum. Water pipes that are corroded and overgrown with biofilms can become predispose factor to colibacilosis, because the biofilm layer facilitate the growth of E. coli and cause ineffective disinfection of drinking water. On the other hand, moist litter can promote Eimeria sp. oocysts sporulation; thereby increasing the risk of coccidiosis. In addition, moist litter also promote the growth of other disease agents such as bacteria and fungi.
Sebaran Lesi Skabiosis Pada Kambing Di Desa Nampar Tabang, Kabupaten Manggarai Timur
Authors: Febrizki Bollyn Yohana Maria , Tukan Hendrikus Demon , Achmadi Puspita Cahya
Published: January 2025

Skabies, yang juga dikenal sebagai kudis atau skabiosis, adalah penyakit kulit yang disebabkan oleh tungau kecil bernama Sarcoptes scabiei. Tungau menggali terowongan di dalam lapisan atas kulit, menyebabkan gatal-gatal, kerusakan kulit, dan ketidaknyamanan pada hewan yang terinfeksi. Skabies dengan cepat menyebar di antara hewan yang tinggal dalam kelompok atau kandang yang sama. Infeksi skabies pada kambing dapat menyebabkan penurunan berat badan dan performa yang buruk, biaya pengobatan yang besar serta stres berkepanjangan pada ternak kambing. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sebaran lesi Skabies (Sarcoptes scabiei) pada kambing di Desa Nampar Tabang Kabupaten Manggarai Timur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebaran lesi pada kambing dengan persentase distribusi pada wajah sebesar 64,58%, leher 1,56%, punggung sebesar 18,75%, abdomen sebesar 6,25%, region kaki belakang sebaran lesi sebesar 3,12% dan ekor sebesar 5,73%.
Histological Structure of Spleen White Rat (Rattus norvegicus L.) After Induced of Nanochitosan Preparation of Neem Leaf (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) Ethanol Extract
Authors: Ningtias Putri Lestari , Suprihatih Teguh , Sitasiwi Agung Janika
Published: January 2025

Agents of immunomodulation are compounds that have the ability to balance the immune system throughout the body. The neem plant is one of the herbal plants that is often used as traditional medicine. Neem leaves (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) contain antioxidants that have the potential to be antiinflammatory, antiviral, and as an immunomodulatory agent. The constraint in giving medicine orally is the low bioavailability of drugs and the distribution of active compounds of herbal plants. This problem can be solved by packaging herbal plant extracts in nanochitosan. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of induced of a nanochitosan ethanol extract of neem leaves on the histological structure of the spleen tissue of female Wistar white rats. This study used a randomized design (CRD) which was divided into 3 treatment groups with 4 repetitions. Treatments include control (P0), an ethanol extract of neem leaves 2 ml/head/day (P1), and nanochitosan preparation of neem leaves 2 ml/head/day (P2). The parameters measured were the diameter of white pulp, the diameter of germinal centre, the area of white pulp, and the area of germinal centre in the spleen. Data on the diameter and the area of the white pulp and germinal centre were analyzed statistically parametrically with ANOVA with a 95% level of confidence, if the data were not normally distributed, the Kruskall Wallis nonparametric test was carried out. Data that were significantly different were carried out by Duncan’s further test. The results showed that the treatment of nanochitosan preparations of neem leaf ethanol extract had a significant difference in the diameter of the white pulp and germinal centre as well as the area of the white pulp and germinal centre (P<0,05). The conclusion of this study was that the nanochitosan preparation ethanol extract of neem leaves at a dose of 14 mg/kg BB can increase the diameter and the area of the white pulp and germinal centre.
Prolapsus Rektum Pada Domba Dorper (Case Report: Rectal Prolapses in Dorper Sheep)
Authors: Prastiwi Artina , Adji Dhirgo , Anggraeni Rr. Devita , Purnomo Agus , Ramadhani Mungky Emma
Published: January 2025

Prolaps rektum merupakan tonjolan jaringan rektal di luar anus. Faktor penyebab prolaps rektum pada hewan muda dan tua meliputi konstipasi, endoparasit, diare, faktor keturunan, kehilangan daya spinchter ani dan pelonggaran selaput lendir rektum. Hewan kasus adalah tiga ekor domba Dorper berasal dari Wonosari, Gunungkidul dengan keluhan prolaps rektum selama 3-4 hari, nafsu makan menurun dan domba masih aktif. Domba pertama betina 50 kg berusia 2.5 tahun, domba kedua betina 30 kg berusia 5 bulan, dan domba ketiga jantan 35 kg berusia 5 bulan. Pemeriksaan fisik menunjukkan gejala klinis primer prolapsus rektum berupa massa silindris memanjang yang menonjol melalui lubang anus, bagian proksimal rectum berwarna merah muda sedangkan bagian distal berwarna merah, serta terdapat peradangan pada mukosa rektum. Tindakan operasi dilakukan untuk reposisi rektum. Premedikasi menggunakan Acepromazine, dilanjutkan injeksi anestesi epidural menggunakan Lidocaine. Anestesi lokal Lidocaine line block diinjeksikan di sekitar anus. Rektum dimasukkan perlahan secara manual, kemudian dilakukan penjahitan di sekeliling anus dengan pola purse string agar rektum tidak kembali prolaps. Terapi post operatif diberikan injeksi antibiotik broad spectrum Amoxicillin dengan sediaan 150 mg/ml (1 ml/10kg BB) dan injeksi antiinflamasi (NSAIDs) Flunixin Meglumine 50 mg/ml (0,02-0,04 ml/kg BB; q12h). Domba Dorper jantan dipotong karena mengalami prolaps rektum berulang dan lemah.
Application of Norm Theory in Linear Algebra
Authors: Zhao Feng , Liang Jing
Published: January 2025

By using the basic properties of matrix norm and the equivalence of different norms, we analyze the singular value decomposition and judgment problem of invertible matrices by examples, which provide new ideas for solving linear algebra problems.
Hedges and Boosters in College Essays: A Study of Linguistic Modulation in Student Writing
Authors: Escalona Salome L.
Published: January 2025

This study explored the utilization of hedges and boosters in the essays written by AB-English and BS-Information Technology students. Specifically, it aimed to identify significant differences in the frequency of these linguistic features when analyzed against variables such as respondents’ gender and major field of specialization. Through a detailed examination of the essays written by the respondents, the study revealed that female students tend to employ hedges more frequently than their male counterparts. It was also observed that both male and female students make use of boosters in their writing. The overall frequency of hedges and boosters was found to be relatively consistent across both groups, irrespective of gender. These findings underscore the importance for English educators to actively engage students in understanding the strategic use of hedges and boosters. By highlighting their role in crafting nuanced and effective academic essays, teachers can enhance students’ awareness and ability to utilize these linguistic tools to strengthen their academic writing.
Plusvalía absoluta y relativa en México (1993-2020)
Authors: Díaz Silva José Carlos
Published: January 2025

En la presente investigación se estudian los métodos de extracción de plusvalía en México. De acuerdo con la teoría marxista existen dos de ellos: absoluto y relativo; se asume que el segundo es aquel propiamente capitalista. Sin embargo, en el caso mexicano se concluye que durante los periodos de mayor acumulación domina el mecanismo relativo y en los de menor crecimiento el absoluto. Para afirmarlo se propuso una forma de descomponer la tasa de explotación y medir el impacto de cada método. Desde la crisis de 2008, la vía fundamental de extracción de plusvalía es la absoluta, por lo que se detallan las modalidades que ha adoptado.
Section 15: How Indigenous Use of the Charter Tool is About Returning to Respect Not Creating Equity
Authors: Major Rebecca
Published: January 2025

Some Canadians view the concept of freedom in relation to government involvement differently, particularly when government presence is seen as oppressive or colonizing. While Indigenous communities in Canada may not always view the current governance structure as reflective of their own traditions, they recognize the necessity of using it to navigate challenges. Indigenous groups utilize section 15 to address inequalities that stem from historical colonialism, seeking to restore balance in a manner consistent with pre-colonial ideals. Prior to the repatriation of the constitution, attempts to address equity issues through the legal system were often met with limited success, prompting Indigenous women in Canada to take their gender equity concerns to the United Nations with respect to the Indian Act. Following the repatriation, section 15 has provided a platform for Indigenous peoples to address policies and laws that unfairly disadvantage certain groups in comparison to others, thereby promoting fair treatment from the government. This discussion aims to explore how Indigenous communities utilize Section 15 as a tool to address issues of unequal treatment and advocate for equity that aligns with traditional pre-colonial values.
The Charter of Whites: Systemic Racism and Critical Race Equality in Canada
Authors: Sealy-Harrington Joshua
Published: January 2025

N/A
The Edmonton Encampment Litigation and The Charter Claims We Didn’t (Get to) Argue
Authors: Lund Anna
Published: January 2025

In recent years, the number of unhoused and unsheltered individuals in Canada has risen dramatically. In urban centres across Canada, unsheltered individuals have gathered together in encampments for safety and a sense of community. Municipalities frequently respond to these encampments by forcibly evicting them. In autumn 2023, the Coalition for Justice and Human Rights filed a claim on behalf of Edmonton’s encampment residents, alleging their rights and freedoms, as enshrined in the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms sections 2, 7, 8, 12, and 15,  were unjustifiably infringed by the City of Edmonton'’s encampment displacement policies and practices. The case was struck on a preliminary ground, because the court held that the Coalition lacked public interest standing, and thus the court never made a decision on the merits of the Coalition's Charter claims. This article provides a procedural chronology of the Edmonton encampment case and sets out the Charter arguments that the Coalition planned to advance. In doing so, this article aims to offer guidance to others engaged in encampment litigation, to broaden the conversation about how the Charter is implicated in encampments and governmental responses to them, and to give voice to the unhoused individuals, who provided evidence in support of the Coalition's lawsuit.
ЭРТНИЙ ЕВРЕЙН ШАШНЫГ СУДЛАХ ЭХ СУРВАЛЖУУД
Authors: О Чимэг
Published: January 2025

Hebrews' religion exerted great influence on Christianity and Islam, and the Holy scripture of Jewish people Bible / The Old Testament/ is as well as worshiped by Christians. Here are considered the main sources of ancient Jewish religion with it's ideas of God, creator of the universe.
Three-Year Follow-up After Antiviral Treatment in New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes: Results From the Diabetes Virus Detection and Intervention Trial
Authors: Mynarek Ida M. , Krogvold Lars , Mørk Freja B. , Lawaetz Trine W.H. , Roald Trine , Fagerland Morten W. , Lindblom Nina , Westman Jacob , Barker Peter , Hyöty Heikki , Ludvigsson Johnny , Hanssen Kristian F. , Johannesen Jesper , Dahl-Jørgensen Knut
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVE

In the Diabetes Virus Detection and Intervention trial, antiviral treatment with pleconaril and ribavirin decreased the decline, compared with placebo, in endogenous C-peptide 1 year after diagnosis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children and adolescents. This article reports the results 2 and 3 years after diagnosis.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

This was a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled (1:1) trial of 96 children and adolescents aged 6–15.9 years newly diagnosed with T1D. Antiviral treatment (pleconaril and ribavirin) or placebo was given for 6 months from diagnosis, and participants were followed for 3 years. The primary outcome was residual C-peptide secretion, reported as the area under the curve (AUC), assessed by 2-h mixed-meal tolerance test. Secondary outcomes included insulin doses and HbA1c.

RESULTS

At the 3-year follow-up, 75 participants attended. At 2 years, the mean ± SD AUC for C-peptide in the placebo group was 0.27 ± 0.33 compared with 0.34 ± 0.37 in the pleconaril and ribavirin group. After 3 years, the AUC had decreased to 0.17 ± 0.23 and 0.25 ± 0.34, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups. The groups were also comparable with regard to secondary end points.

CONCLUSIONS

The decreased reduction in C-peptide levels after antiviral treatment is no longer present after 2 or 3 years. Further investigations are needed to explore options to use antiviral treatment in the prevention and treatment of T1D.
Composite Treatment Module for Removing Acidity and Metal (Loid)S from Acid Rock Drainage
Authors: M* Manoj , AA Louis
Published: January 2025

This study evaluates a two-stage approach for remediating acid rock drainage (AMD) generated from an abandoned coal mine
site. The method combines the adsorption and chemical precipitation properties of drinking water treatment residue (WTR)
in a continuous flow-through fluidized filter bed with hydroponic phytoremediation using Vetiver grass to remove dissolved
metal(loid)s. In the first stage, the filter demonstrated exceptionally high removal efficiencies for several metals, including up
to 99.67% of Al (<1 mg/L), 99.46% of Fe (<2 mg/L), and 92.48% of As. Significant removal efficiencies were also achieved for
Zn (69.24%) and Cu (62.85%). However, relatively low removal efficiencies were observed for Mn (12.50%), Ni (26.74%), and
Co (21.36%). Additionally, the system effectively reduced acidity, increasing the pH from 2.67 to a near-neutral level of 6.13.
The second stage, a 30-day Vetiver grass treatment, further reduced Mn concentrations by 56.9%, improving upon the limited
Mn removal observed in the fluidized filter column. This underscores the complementary role of hydroponic phytoremediation
in enhancing the overall metal removal process. This innovative and cost-effective system demonstrates significant potential
for AMD remediation, achieving simultaneous removal of metal(loid)s and neutralizing acidity in contaminated mine water.
Susunan Redaksi
Authors: Board Editorial
Published: January 2025

Susunan Redaksi
Peningkatan Kualitas Kader Posyandu Kamboja V dengan Pelatihan Senam Yoga untuk Menjaga Keseimbangan Lansia
Authors: Widarti Rini , Nasri
Published: January 2025

Lansia adalah tahap akhir dari siklus kehidupan. Saat ini, lansia dituntut untuk lebih aktif, sehat dan produktif sehingga tidak tergantung kepada orang lain. Salah satu tanda bahwa lansia sehat yaitu  memiliki keseimbangan tubuh yang baik dan terhindar dari risiko jatuh. Kader Posyandu lansia merupakan bagian penting yang berkontribusi untuk membantu menjaga status kesehatan lansia. Salah satu hal yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas kader adalah memberikan pelatihan Senam Yoga untuk menjaga keseimbangan. Jumlah kader yang berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan ini ada 5 orang. Hasil dari kagiatan ini terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan antara sebelum dan sesudah diberikan pelatihan. Sebelum dilakukan pelatihan dan pemaparan materi di dapatkan data bahwa 20% kader memahami tentang keseimbangan,  30%  cukup paham, 50% tidak paham dan semua kader belum bisa melakukan Senam Yoga, sesudah pelatihan di dapatkan hasil bahwa 70% kader memahami tentang keseimbangan dan dapat melakukan Senam Yoga dengan baik, 20% kader posyandu cukup memahami tentang keseimbangan dan dapat melakukan Senam Yoga sisanya 10% kader belum memahami tentang keseimbangan dan belum terampil melakukan Senam Yoga.
Penyusunan Peta Jalur Pendakian Gunung Sindoro Via Jumprit Dusun Jumprit, Desa Tegalrejo, Kec. Ngadirejo, Kab. Temanggung, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Rahmawan Tri , Adi Riga Yuda Perwira , Tiara Tiara Rizka Anindhita , Ramadzani Rizki Aulia
Published: January 2025

Kegiatan ini merupakan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan di Dusun Jumprit Desa Tegalrejo Kecamatan Ngadirejo Kabupaten Temanggung Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Adapun urgensi dari kegiatan ini yaitu karena belum adanya Kepastian jalur yang akan dilewati oleh para pendaki, pos atau shelter sesuai dengan kriteria dalam pendakian, Peta pendakian yang belum ada untuk para pendaki dan relawan dan nilai jual jalur pendakian Gunung Api Sindoro via Jumprit. Desa Jumprit memiliki potensi jalur pendakian dan wisata yang diwujudkan dalam bentuk peta seperti informasi jalur pendakian. Adanya Peta Pendakian ini bermanfaat sebagai pedoman informasi berupa jalur pendakian, potensi pos peristirahatan, pos shelter atau tempat camp, mata air, dan zona bahaya yang berada di jalur pendakian serta mampu memberikan informasi yang jelas dan memudahkan para pendaki untuk sampai puncak Gunung Api  Sindoro via Jumprit. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini yaitu survei lapangan untuk mendapatkan data primer di daerah kajian dengan cara pengeplotan dan juga tracking menggunakan GPS serta pengolahan peta menggunakan aplikasi ArcGis. Hasil dari kegiatan ini yaitu Peta Rupa Bumi Indonesia Jalur pendakian Gunung Api Sindoro via Jumprit. Harapan dari hasil kegiatan ini nantinya memiliki potensi yang direkomendasikan ke desa setempat untuk pembukaan jalur sehingga meningkatkan pendapatan desa serta dapat digunakan sebagai pegangan bagi para pendaki maupun masyarakat umum untuk menginformasikan jalur pendakian Gunung Api Sindoro via Jumprit.
Webinar: Pencegahan Stunting Pada Remaja Di MAN 2 Surakarta
Authors: Puspitasari Dyah Intan , Hanifah Dina Nur , Persada Tashila Zahra
Published: January 2025

Adolescents who have poor nutritional status, rarely eat breakfast, consume less fruit and vegetables, and have low knowledge of stunting can be risk factors for giving birth to stunted babies in the future. One strategy that can be done to increase student knowledge is through the provision of education in the form of webinars. The webinar activity with the theme "Adolescent Stunting Prevention at MAN 2 Surakarta" was conducted by providing information to students about the role of adolescents in stunting prevention, healthy lifestyles in adolescents, and processing healthy menus for adolescents. This activity went well and was attended by 65 students. Through this Webinar activity, adolescent knowledge related to stunting increased significantly (p = 0.000) which was indicated by an increase in the post-test score (9.85) compared to the pretest score (7.98). Increased knowledge of adolescents related to stunting can be one of the strategies to prevent stunting in the future. Similar program with other health issues can be given to adolescents in order to increase their understanding to implement a healthy lifestyle.
Pembuatan Peta Berbasis Geospasial Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat di Desa Sejangat, Kecamatan Bukit Batu, Kabupaten Bengkalis
Authors: Putri Diana Eka , Sri Restuti  , Pitisye Annisa Baity , Hasibuan Arisandi , Delfi Riska Ananda  , Fien Hasanah  , Ikhwan Fauzan  , M. Al Rafi Fajri Wiraguna  , Mellia Savitri Marsyof  , Voadi Salsabilla Diva
Published: January 2025

Sejangat Village is one of the villages in Bukit Batu District, Bengkalis Regency. Sejangat Village has land and village infrastructure that is quite complete. However, only a few people understand the land use and use of existing infrastructure in this village. In this era of technological progress, we are required to be able to access information quickly and in a wider scope. So a map is needed that can access the location, land use, existing facilities and infrastructure. This aims to provide village governments and communities with information and improve skills to manage regional development. The method used in making this map is field survey by service students, preparation and making of the map. This activity produces a village map which contains comprehensive information about land, location, regional boundaries, water areas, facilities and infrastructure in the village geospatially. The existence of a village map makes it possible to utilize new land and improve facilities and infrastructure. Therefore, the presentation of maps needs to be done over time to update village conditions. Apart from that, increasing the knowledge and skills of village officials regarding the management of village areas and infrastructure so that they can create a well-organized village with good administrative order in Sejangat Village, Bukit Batu District, Bengkalis Regency.
Keyword :Geospatial Map, Location, Administrative
MINI SEMINAR KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI “KUPAS TUNTAS MASALAH ANEMIA, DISMENOREA, SADARI & STRATEGI PENANGANAN DARI PRESPEKTIF KEBIDANAN”
Authors: Siskana Dewi Rosita  , Wigunantiningsih Ana , Fakhidah Luluk Nur
Published: January 2025

It is important in the phase of teenagers to get specials attention since in this period the teens experience a lot of change both physically and psychologically even health problems which are often experienced by female teenagers, such as anemia, a lump in the breast and dysmenorrhea which happen every month. However, the teens are still lack of knowledge about reproductive health problems and how to deal with. Even, the female teenagers consider those problems as a common thing and it is considered as something taboo to share. Some teens also feel ashamed to come and check-up at a health center. This community service is wrapped in reproductive health mini-seminar activities to make it more interesting. The methods used during the health education are lecturing, question and answer, and practice. This community service is aimed at improving the teens’ knowledge about anemia, handling dysmenorrhea, and practicing self-awareness (SADARI) independently. This activity was conducted on June 20th, 2019 and followed by 85 students of Muhammadiyah Senior High School 1 from class X and XI. After joining this activity, it is expected that the participants can appropriately react and be responsive to reproductive health problems that are often experienced by teens.
PENDAMPINGAN PENYUSUNAN PETA DESA PAGERANDONG, KECAMATAN KALIGONDANG, KABUPATEN PURBALINGGA
Authors: Saputra Aditya Saputra , Danardono Danardono , Sunariya M Iqbal Taufiqurrahman , Hussein Stevie , Setiawan Ilyas Nur , Farida Rahma Afifah Nur
Published: January 2025

Since the emergence of the Minister of Villages, Development of Disadvantaged Regions and Transmigration Regulation Number 4 of 2015 concerning the establishment, management, management and dissolution of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDES), villages have been indirectly given full authority to manage and develop their potential to become a successful village. independent with a high level of original village income. Each village will be allocated a certain amount of funds from the central government to be managed through BUMDES. Careful planning is needed to manage the potential and funds mandated by the central government. One of the first steps in planning is to map village boundaries. Many villages do not understand how to map village boundaries. Thus, assistance is needed, including outreach regarding village boundaries. Assistance in preparing the village map supports the preparation of the village master plan in the next process. The hope is that with this activity the village will be able to carry out village mapping and identify potential as a first step in preparing a master plan. The location chosen as the place of service is Pagerandong Village, Kaligondang District, Purbalingga Regency. Pagerandong Village has potential agricultural land that needs to be integrated into a thorough planning in the form of a master plan. Based on the results of the study and accompanying village maps, it is known that there are three main activities that have the potential to be developed, namely, agriculture with solar pump irrigation.
Pengendalian Lingkungan: Pengaruh Edukasi Pengolahan Sampah Organik Rumah Tangga Menggunakan Metode TAKAKURA
Authors: Dewi Rahma , Fatmadewi Rose , Akliyah Lely Syiddatul , Mukhsin Dadan , Nafis’aly Muhammad Zharfan , Raihan Ananda Muhammad , Kurniawan Sophi Ayni Putri
Published: January 2025

The amount of food waste and leaves generated in the city of Bandung in 2021 was 1,430.04 tons per day and will continue to increase in 2024 by 1,796.51 tons per day. This condition needs to be controlled, so that it does not cause waste problems in the city of Bandung. In light of these conditions, a team of lecturers from the Urban and Regional Planning Study Program at the Universitas Islam Bandung educated the community on the processing of food and household waste, aiming to enable the community to convert organic waste into a more beneficial resource while preventing environmental pollution, including its potential reuse as fertilizer. In order to achieve the goal of educating the community, the team conducted education on organic waste processing using the Takakura method, together with 29 women of the Ta'lim Abu Bakar Assembly at RT 001 RW 012 Sekejati Village - Buahbatu District. Service activities include 7 (seven) stages, namely planning, coordination, socialization, Pre-Test, education about waste, assistance in making products and evaluation of activities (Post-Test). In the core activity, before the presentation on the understanding of waste management using the Takakura Method, PkM participants were given a questionnaire to find out their understanding of waste and its processing system. Subsequently, the presentation of material and compost making practices using the Takakura Method was carried out, and ended with an evaluation of activities (Post-Test) with the distribution of questionnaires. The results of the PkM activity include an increase in the understanding of PkM participants from 60% to 77% after education. The highest understanding of participants in the types of organic waste and 3R waste sorting was 93%. In addition, PkM participants were also very active during the activity and continued the activity of making kompok (waste processing) using the Takakura Method in their respective homes. So it is hoped that PkM activities can help the community better understand waste sorting, the importance of sorting organic waste, a cleaner environment, and the realization of sustainability.
PENDAMPINGAN PEMANFAATAN TERAK ATAU LIMBAH PENGECORAN TANUR KUPOLA DI KECAMATAN CEPER KLATEN JAWA TENGAH SEBAGAI AGREGAT KASAR PADA PEMBUATAN BATAKO
Authors: Hariningsih Hariningsih , Pengestu Adam Yoga , Erlangga Erlangga
Published: January 2025

Sekitar 30 industri pengecoran logam di daerah Kecamatan Ceper  Klaten masih menggunakan tanur kupola untuk melebur besi cor. Selain besi cair, peleburan besi cor dengan tanur kupola menghasilkan limbah padat yang disebut terak. Limbah terak berbentuk seperti batu namun tajam seperti pecahan kaca dan dapat menyebabkan pencemaran tanah yang mengakibatkan tanah menjadi tidak subur. Sejauh ini terak tersebut hanya digunakan untuk bahan timbunan pada sawah atau kebun, dan terkadang digunakan untuk menimbun jalan. Masalah pembuangan limbah terak ini menjadi masalah tersendiri bagi industri dan masyarakat sekitar. Oleh karena itu masyarakat dan industri perlu dilibatkan dalam penanganan limbah tersebut. Limbah terak dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai agregat kasar pada pembuatan batako. Hasil pengabdian masyarakat berupa produk batako berbahan tambah limbah terak. Selain itu penggunaan limbah terak sebagai agregat kasar pembuatan batako dapat mengurangi jumlah limbah terak di industri, mengurangi polusi tanah, menaikan nilai ekonomis limbah terak, dan dapat menurunkan biaya produksi batako. Capaian peningkatan keterampilan peserta dalam memahami materi pelatihan diukur dengan jenis pendekatan kualitatif cara wawancara. Hasil wawancara menunjukkan tingkat kepuasan yang tinggi dari peserta pelatihan. Peserta sudah memahami dan dapat membuat batako dengan bahan tambah limbah terak secara mandiri.
PELATIHAN PENGELOLAAN REFERENSI KARYA TULIS ILMIAH PADA SISWA JURUSAN PEMBANGUNAN DI SMK NEGERI 3 SEMARANG
Authors: Zhafira Talitha , Handayani Iryan Dwi , Widorini Trias , Kuncoro Ahmad Hakim Bintang
Published: January 2025

Perkembangan teknologi masa kini dapat memudahkan siswa untukmembuat suatu karya ilmiah yang baik. Perangkat lunak Mendeley adalahsalah satu contoh teknologi terkini untuk membantu mengelola karyailmiah dalam penulisan referensi atau sitasi. Pada faktanya siswa yangberada di bangku sekolah terutama siswa SMK N 3 Semarang sama sekalibelum mengetahui pentingnya dan cara penggunaan aplikasi tersebut. TimPengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) Universitas Semarang (USM) hadiruntuk mengajak mitra agar bisa membuat karya tulis ilmiah sekaligusmengelola referensi dengan Mendeley. Hasil dari pemberian pelatihankepada siswa, diperoleh kemajuan berupa penambahan ilmu danpemahaman baru yang belum pernah didapatkan sebelumnya untukmemudahkan penulisan laporan akhir Praktik Kerja Lapangan (PKL) siswamaupun bekal menulis karya tulis ilmiah untuk ke jenjang perkuliahan.Evaluasi peningkatan pemahaman peserta pelatihan dilakukan denganmetode N-Gain berdasarkan data pretest dan posttest dan hasilnyadiperoleh bahwa efisiensi hasil pelatihan masuk kedalam kategori tinggidengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 80,91%.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Google Sites pada Materi Teks Argumentasi Kelas 11 di SMK Batik 1 Surakarta
Authors: Ariyanto Zahy Riswahyudha , Prakoso Gilang Bakti , Assidik Gallant Karunia
Published: January 2025

Urgensi penelitian ini adalah mengeksplorasi efektivitas media pembelajaran berbasis Google Sites. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas Google Sites sebagai media pembelajaran integratif teks argumentasi kelas XI SMK Batik 1 Surakarta. Metode penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan model ADDIE. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI TKJ 3. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis interaktif Miles dan Huberman yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Uji validitas data dilakukan melalui triangulasi sumber, teknik, dan waktu untuk memastikan validitas dan reliabilitas temuan. Hasil penelitian adalah: (1) Desain media pembelajaran teks argumentasi Berbasis Google Sites; (2) Aktivitas pembelajaran teks argumentasi kelas 11 berbasis Google Sites; (3) Efektivitas media Google Sites berdasarkan peningkatan rata-rata hasil belajar siswa dengan nilai 93. Kesimpulannya, Google Sites berperan sebagai media pembelajaran yang integratif dan inovatif, memberikan dampak positif terhadap proses dan hasil pembelajaran teks argumentasi di kelas XI TKJ SMK Batik 1 Surakarta.
Drought Analysis Using Various Drought Indices in Sub-District Ngemplak
Authors: Mulya Agus Budi , Pudyastuti Purwanti Sri , Isnugroho Isnugroho , Budinetro Hermono
Published: January 2025

The study namely Drought Analysis Using Various Drought Indices in District Ngemplak, Boyolali offers a comprehensive examination of drought phenomena in the Ngemplak, Boyolali district through the lens of var­ious drought indices, aiming to understand the impact on agricultural productivity and propose effective water management strategies. Using data from 2009 to 2023, this study used SPI and PDSI.  Focusing on the Ngem­plak, Boyolali district, this research identifies the most relevant drought indices tailored to the local climatic and geographical contexts, analyzes the correlation between these indices and the productivity of primary crops, and suggests sustainable water management practices to mitigate drought risks. The study underscores the importance of adopting a multifaceted and adaptive water management framework, incorporating sophisticated irrigation technologies, and fostering policy reforms to enhance water use efficiency and resilience against climatic variability. It calls for collaborative efforts involving stakeholders across different sectors to implement these recommendations, ensuring the sustainability of water resources and agricultural productivity in the face of drought challenges.