bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Engineering Characteristics of Ground Motions Recorded in the 2019 Ridgecrest Earthquake Sequence
Authors: Ahdi Sean Kamran , Mazzoni Silvia , Kishida Tadahiro , Wang Pengfei , Nweke Chukwuebuka C. , Kuehn Nicolas M. , Contreras Victor , Rowshandel Badie , Stewart Jonathan P. , Bozorgnia Yousef
Published: July 2020

We present a database and analyze ground motions recorded during three events that occurred as part of the July 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence: a moment magnitude (M) 6.5 foreshock on a left-lateral cross fault in the Salt Wells Valley fault zone, an M 5.5 foreshock in the Paxton Ranch fault zone, and the M 7.1 mainshock, also occurring in the Paxton Ranch fault zone. We collected and uniformly processed 1483 three-component recordings from an array of 824 sensors spanning 10 seismographic networks. We developed site metadata using available data and multiple models for the time-averaged shear-wave velocity in the upper 30 m (VS30) and for basin depth terms. We processed ground motions using Next Generation Attenuation (NGA) procedures and computed intensity measures including spectral acceleration at a number of oscillator periods and inelastic response spectra. We compared elastic and inelastic response spectra to seismic design spectra in building codes to evaluate the damage potential of the ground motions at spatially distributed sites. Residuals of the observed spectral accelerations relative to the NGA-West2 ground-motion models (GMMs) show good average agreement between observations and model predictions (event terms between about −0.3 and 0.5 for peak ground acceleration to 5 s). The average attenuation with distance is also well captured by the empirical NGA-West2 GMMs, although azimuthal variations in attenuation were observed that are not captured by the GMMs. An analysis considering directivity and fault-slip heterogeneity for the M 7.1 event demonstrates that the dispersion in the near-source ground-motion residuals can be reduced.
Early College High School/Dual Enrollment 2.0
Authors: Cherney Isabelle , Douglas Laura , Fischer Ellen , Olwell Russell
Published: July 2020

Urban and Metropolitan Colleges and Universities often serve a population that can benefit from an early college strategy. Colleges serving first-generation and low-income students often have lower retention and graduation rates than their peer institutions, as students from large urban public high schools can struggle to navigate the college classrooms and support system. While students may have achieved respectable GPAs and test scores in their high school buildings, they can fail to translate these skills at the college level, finding themselves on academic probation or worse. As researcher Anthony Jack has described in his landmark study, The Privileged Poor, students coming from large, urban districts are doubly disadvantaged by their experiences in schools; the skills that have allowed these students to get through their high schools are counterproductive at the college level (Jack, 2019).
            Using an evidence-based approach, programs being launched now by colleges and universities focus on the core missions of early college and dual enrollment programs, connecting youth less likely to attend college directly out of high school with powerful programming that propels them towards successful completion of degrees and to the start of their career. This article presents perspectives from a range of institutions (high school, two-year institutions, four-year institutions, and philanthropic investors) that are rethinking these models to maximize community impact and affordability to students and families.
Direct Costs of Acute Rhinosinusitis in Spain: A Prospective and Observational Study (PROSINUS)
Authors: Jaume F , Alobid I , Mullol J , Quintó L
Published: July 2020

Background: The incidence of acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) is high throughout the world. Although diagnosis is clinical and disease course is mostly self-limiting, diagnostic tools and medications are overused by physicians, thus increasing the direct medical costs of the disease. Objective: The aim of the PROSINUS study was to quantify the direct medical costs of management of ARS in Spain. Methods: We performed a prospective observational study of 1610 patients with a clinical diagnosis of nonbacterial, uncomplicated ARS. According to the duration of symptoms by the European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps, patients were classified as having viral or postviral ARS with different levels of severity. Direct medical costs were calculated based on medical visits, use of diagnostic tools, and medications prescribed. Results: Overall, the mean (SD) direct medical costs per episode were €322.3 (301.2) vs €441.1 (344.3) for viral and postviral ARS episodes, respectively (P<.001). When viral and postviral disease were compared, the medical costs per episode were €245.0 (265.4) vs €328.4 (301.9) for medical visits (P<.001), €38.1 (64.0) vs €61.9 (78.8) for diagnostic tools (P<.001), and €39.2 (25.9) vs €50.8 (25.3) for medications prescribed (P<.001). Conclusions: The direct medical costs of postviral ARS episodes were higher than those of viral episodes (common cold). Uncomplicated nonbacterial ARS represents an important socioeconomic burden owing to the excessive number of medical visits, use of diagnostic tools, and medications prescribed. Key words: Acute rhinosinusitis. Common cold. EPOS. Direct costs. PROSINUS.
Shellfish Allergy: Unmet Needs in Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Gelis S , Rueda M , Valero A , Fernández EA , Moran M , Fernández-Caldas E
Published: July 2020

Seafood is a major cause of food allergy and anaphylaxis worldwide. Shellfish is included among the “big eight” food groups, which are responsible for more than 90% of all cases of food allergy. Approximately 2.5% of the world’s population has experienced an adverse reaction to seafood. Seafood allergy is one of the most frequent and lethal allergies that exist. The several allergenic proteins involved in allergic reactions that have been described in recent years include tropomyosin, arginine kinase, myosin light chain, and sarcoplasmic calcium-binding protein. Despite all the data reported in the last few years, shellfish allergy is still diagnosed and treated as it was 50 years ago. The only effective treatment to prevent allergic reactions to shellfish is avoidance. This review aims to update recently published data on shellfish allergy and to highlight those areas that have yet to be resolved.
Dry needling is effective in reducing acute pain in patients with severe knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Antonio Amanda Machado , Gaspardi Thaina Cristina Vieira , Couto Evelyn Regina , De Campos Gustavo Constantino , De Miranda João Batista , Zorzi Alessandro Rozim
Published: July 2020

Background: The objectives of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of dry needling inactivation of trigger points in acute pain relief and function improvement in patients with severe knee osteoarthritis.

Methods: Thirty participants choose between dry needling or static stretching. It was analyzed the immediate effects of a single dry needling intervention, compared to a control group that received static stretching. Outcomes of the study was timed up and go test; visual analogue scale and brief pain inventory.

Results: The group treated with dry needling had a better result on the visual analogue scale and on the brief pain inventory scale. There was no difference in time up and go performance in relation to the control group. The muscle group with the highest prevalence of trigger points was the thigh adductors (83.3%), despite valgus or varus frontal plane misalignment of the limb.

Conclusions: The inactivation of trigger points by dry needling in patients with acute pain due to severe osteoarthritis of the knees obtained better relief compared to static stretching of the musculature.
Role of tissue C4d in differentiation between acute rejection and HCV recurrence after living donor liver transplantation
Authors: Eldin Hamza Khalil Zeinab Salah , Dandarawy Hassan Waleed Gad
Published: July 2020

Background: Liver biopsy represents the gold standard for diagnosis of acute rejection and HCV recurrence after liver transplantation; never the less discrimination can be difficult due to similar display of alterations in liver specimen. Therefore, a specific marker expressed only in rejection but not in HCV recurrence would be a great asset to differentiate between both conditions. The aim of this study was to assess the role of tissue C4d complement fragments in liver biopsy as a marker for differentiating between acute rejection and HCV recurrence in recipients post LDLT.Methods: A case control study on 25 recipients after liver transplantation with the suspicion of either acute rejection or HCV disease recurrence, patients were classified according to pathological finding into two groups, Group 1: patients with acute rejection (n=13), Group 2: patients with HCV recurrence (n=12), The C4d was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining of the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue in different liver compartments.Results: C4D staining of all the studied tissue compartments (Sinusoids, portal vein endothelium, hepatic vein endothelium, arterial internal elastic lining, portal stroma, bile ducts) had high specificity (100%) and positive predictive value (100%) in diagnosis of rejection cases except portal vein endothelium. (Specificity 91.7%, positive predictive value 88.9%).Conclusions: Tissue C4d staining was almost present in rejection cases only; further studies on larger cohort are required to stand on standard diagnostic criteria for C4d to be included in diagnosis of acute rejection after liver transplantation as its role in other organ transplantation.
Utility of image guided fine needle aspiration cytology in the evaluation of intra-abdominal and retroperitoneal lesions at a tertiary health care center in Kashmir valley
Authors: Parveen Shaheena , Lone Kousar Sideeq , Rashid Misbah , Yasin Syed Besina
Published: July 2020

Background: FNAC has become an established investigation in the diagnosis of accessible and palpable lesions. Most of the intra-abdominal masses are non-palpable and even if they are palpable, the idea of their size and shape and the extent of the lesion is not possible. Therefore, various imaging modalities like ultra-sonography, computed tomography and fluoroscopy are used as a guide for fine needle aspiration nowadays. Objectives of this study were to assess the utility of image guided fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of non-palpable intra-abdominal lesions. To study the cytomorphological features of these lesions. To evaluate the sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of image guided fine needle aspiration cytology of these lesions.Methods: A prospective study of percutaneous aspiration biopsy of intra-abdominal masses, to evaluate its utility was undertaken in the department of pathology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Kashmir. FNA was performed in 183 patients.Results: Adequate cell sample was obtained in majority of the cases (83.6%). Majority of the abdominal masses were arising from the liver (65%). Location of abdominal masses also included those arising from pancreas (12.02%), kidneys (7.65%), lymph nodes (7.65%), Gall bladder (6%) omental deposits (1.09%) and adrenal gland (0.54%). Majority of US guided FNA was done in liver masses. Overall sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of image guided FNAC of intra-abdominal and retroperitoneal masses of the study was 100%, 100% and 93.54%, respectively.Conclusions: There is lack of awareness regarding dog bite and its management among the rural population.
Levosimendan: a remedy for treating the patients of decompensated heart failure
Authors: Dhaliwal Vikramjit Singh , Gill Manpreet Singh , . Monika
Published: July 2020

Background: Levosimendan is a new-fangled calcium based sensitizer which is used to treat the patients with congestive or decompensated heart failure. The empirical study reveals that it intensifies myocardial contractility and expands coronary and peripheral vessels without affecting the diastolic function adversely. Levosimendan also performs as an opener of ATP-based K channels in vascular smooth muscle. The empirical research study shows the benefits of usage of levosimendan over other drugs in the treatment of decompensated and congestive heart failure.Methods: Levosimendan has been administered to patients with decompensated heart failure conditions. Infusion of levosimendan started with a dose of 0.1 µg/kg/min and titrated to 0.2 µg/kg/min. The systolic BP has been monitored after the administration of levosimendan to maintain stability in the patient’s BP for the initial 2-3 hours. The suggested duration of infusion of levosimendan in critical heart failure is twenty-four hours. Initially levosimendan is infused in the patients with systolic BP is more than hundred mmHg and diastolic BP is more than sixty mmHg.Results: The outcomes of the usage of Levosimendan have been studied on 80 patients with decompensated heart problems and the comparative study has also been made with other inotropes, respectively. We have also performed a trial on two groups of people named as LIVO and NON-LIVO groups. The research study proves that the usage of levosimendan is better than other inotropes. Levosimendan can be recommended in the standard treatment of patients with acute heart conditions.Conclusions: Levosimendan is offering an effective remedy to treat the patients with decompensated heart failure. In comparison to other inotropes available for the treatment of patients suffering from congestive heart ailments, levosimendan can be considered to be a safe and efficient sensitizer.
An unusual case of chest pain
Authors: Subhankar Saswat , Madhuri K. , Alone Vivek D.
Published: July 2020

Osteomyelitis is an infection of the bones caused by pyogenic organisms. The ribs are an extremely uncommon site for osteomyelitis, occurring in less than 1% cases. The main causative organisms are Gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Hemophilus influenzae. Gram-negative bacteria like E. coli have been rarely reported. Authors hereby present a case of an immune-competent patient who presented with an osteomyelitis of the ribs caused by the latter. In developing countries, tuberculosis is considered as the primary cause of osteomyelitis and pleural effusions. However, other organisms should also be considered in patients who present with fulminant infections.
Assessment of back pain and disability status among automotive industry workers, in Ethiopia
Authors: Hailu Wondosen , Getahun Mulusew , Mohammed Ahmed , Nurahmed Negash , Ashuro Zemachu , Kedir Shemsu , Nega Ansha , Mamushet Yared
Published: July 2020

Background: Back pain is a very common public health problem in the manufacturing industry and a major cause of disability that affects work performance and wellbeing. Currently, manufacturing sectors in Ethiopia, including automotive manufacturing is growing well but there is poor culture of work place safety. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of back pain and disability status at Bishoftu automotive industry workers.

Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 412 workers in a period of February to May 2018. Simple random sampling technique was applied to select participants. Data was collected by face-to-face interview using standard Nordic and Oswestry back pain disability index tools. Analysis was done by using SPSS version 24. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine associations.  

Results: Prevalence of work related back pain among automotive production factory workers during last 12 months and last seven days were 51.7% and 25% respectively and related disability was 87%. The risk factors of the work related back pain that were identified include; work experience (11-15 years) AOR: 0.02, 95% CI (0.001-0.46), tasks that involve bending and twisting AOR: 2.03, 95% CI (1.19-3.45) and lifting of heavy loads AOR: 4.89, 95% CI (2.83-8.47).

Conclusions: High prevalence of back pain among automotive industry workers was seen. Furthermore, this study verified workers with back pain and more specifically those working in tasks that involve with the identified associated risk factors were suffer from disability. The problem should need more attention to promote the health and safety of workers.
Cambio tecnológico en la industria naval utilizando el proceso de soldadura de punto por Fricción-Agitación
Authors: Pelayo Marcelo , Pascal Oscar , Lombera Guillermo
Published: July 2020

El presente artículo pretende dar respuesta a una demanda tecnológica del astillero TECNAO SRL, ubicado en lazona de San Fernando en la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, este se dedica a la fabricación de barcos de bajo porte, fabricados principalmente de aluminio. El problema detectado consiste en la dificultad que se presenta en el proceso de fabricación de las naves, en lo referente al posicionamiento de las planchas de aluminio a soldar, que se posicionan mediante un punteo previo. En la actualidad, dicha actividad se realiza mediante procesos de soldadura tradicionales MIG o TIG, lo que obliga a trasladar las torchas a lo largo de todo el barco y a la necesidad de contar con personal altamente calificado para realizar esta tarea, lo que impacta fuertemente en el costo y en la competitividad del sector, además de los problemas de distorsión de las planchas por efecto de las altas temperaturas asociadas a los procesos utilizados. El presente trabajo describe los estudios realizados tendientes al diseño de un equipo portátil de soldadura de punto por fricción-agitación (FSSW)de aplicación en la industria naval. Se evaluóla incorporación FSSWcon una herramienta autónoma. La herramienta permitióel punteo de la estructura sin la necesidad del movimiento de torchas a lo largo de todo el barco, se presentó una complejidad adicional,soldar espesores mayores a3mm, esto resultorelevante en la investigación
Estudio de las propiedades atensión de unmaterial biocompuesto reforzado con haces de fibras cortas de bambú
Authors: Blanco Eudi , Fajardo Jorge , Carrasquero Edwuin , Urbina Caribay , Balbino León José
Published: July 2020

En la presente investigación se determinaron las propiedades mecánicas atracción del material biocompuesto de polipropileno(PP)isotáctico reforzado conhaces defibras cortas de bambú orientadas al azar. Se prepararon muestras del material con diferentes contenidos de refuerzo (20, 30 y 40%), empleando como agente de acople el polipropileno con injertos de moléculas de anhídrido maleico (MAPP). Un grupo de estas muestras fueron sometidas a un tratamiento de envejecimiento térmico acelerado para evaluar el efecto de dicho tratamiento sobre las propiedades a tensióndel biocompuesto. Se realizaron ensayos de tracción a diferentes velocidades de deformación (10 y 50 mm/min) y se obtuvo un aumento de la resistencia a la tracción(de 29a 45 MPa)y del módulo de elasticidad(de 1 a 3GPa)del PP con el contenido de fibras. Para diferentes velocidades de estiramiento, se obtuvo una mejor resistencia a altas velocidades. El envejecimiento térmico durante 24 horas a 100ºC aumentó la resistencia del PP puro. Para los biocompuestos, se obtuvo una baja resistencia en las muestras envejecidas en mayor tiempo (98ºC, 10 días). A través de la microscopia electrónica de barrido se realizó unacaracterización microestructural que permitió explicar el mejoramiento de la resistencia del PP reforzado con fibras, y en algunos casos, la pérdida de resistencia debido al tratamiento térmico
Estudio de los fluidos aceite-agua a travésdel sensor basado en la permitividad eléctrica del patrón de fluido
Authors: Hernández-Cely Marlon Mauricio , Ruiz-Diaz Carlos Mauricio
Published: July 2020

Un sensor basado en la permitividad eléctrica del fluido fue usado para análisis de las tomografías enlos diferentes patrones que se presentan en flujo multifase aceite y agua(Liquido-Liquido). El estudio experimental fue realizado en un tubo de vidrio borosilicatode 25,4 [mm]de diámetro interno y12 [m]de longitud. El sensor está formado por una malla de alambre condos planos de 8 x 8 hilos,llamado sensor de malla de alambre (WMS). Los experimentos fueron efectuadoscon dos viscosidades diferentes de aceite,una con 200[cP]yotra de60[cP]a 860 [kg / m3]de densidadcon el tubo posicionado en la horizontal y levemente inclinado a + 5 grados, para variar la viscosidaddel aceite fue usado un intercambiador de calor. El patrón de flujo multifase analizado fue anular, estratificado y disperso. Las tomografíasobtenidaspor la WMS fueron comparadas con una cámara de altavelocidad para la validación cualitativa de los resultados. Se usaron doce modelos de permitividad eléctricapara el estudiodel régimen del fluido presente
An Online Review Research Based on Opinion Dynamics Model
Authors: Lin Zizhan , Zhou Jinlian , Wu Ye , Xiao Jinghua
Published: July 2020

Due to the rapid growth of Internet, consumers obtain information about products and experiences from online rating platforms, which further influences their purchase decisions. Considering the differences in the opinion interaction pattern, traditional opinion dynamics models cannot explain individual review behaviors. In order to explore the evolution process of opinions on the online review platform, we optimized the network structure and confidence thresholds of traditional models based on the collected data from Dianping, and created an opinion dynamics model for online rating platforms. The proposed method can advance the understanding for the evolution process of online opinion. 
Bolsonaro versus Rio Branco: transição hegemônica, América do Sul e política externa*
Authors: Vidigal Carlos Eduardo , Bernal-Meza Raul
Published: July 2020

O artigo parte da hipótese de uma transição hegemônica do poder norte-americano para o chinês, a partir do qual é possível propor um contraponto da atual inserção internacional do Brasil com a que ocorreu na transição da hegemonia britânica para a norte-americana, com o surgimento de desafios equivalentes aos experimentados no início da República. Na primeira parte é apresentada a trajetória da política exterior brasileira, do final do século XIX à década de 1950, quando surgiram as primeiras críticas à ordem internacional do pós-guerra. A segunda parte trata do recente processo de globalização, da forma como o Brasil tem tratado a ascensão da China e os avanços e recuos na integração sul-americana. Na terceira parte, a política externa de Rio Branco, as relações com a Grã-Bretanha, Estados Unidos e os países latino-americanos são comparadas com a política externa proposta pelo governo Bolsonaro e em quanto a nova política se diferencia da política externa universalista dos governos de Lula. Nas conclusões, propõe-se uma hipótese prospectiva, pensando no desenho de cenários internacionais e globais para o país.
La transición venezolana en la era poschavista: los desafíos en materia de seguridad hemisférica
Authors: Betancourt Rangel Jose
Published: July 2020

Venezuela es considerada hoy día un caso de atención hemisférica, tanto por la crisis humanitaria compleja a la que está sometida la población, como por la presencia de un Gobierno que ampara y patrocina a organizaciones criminales y terroristas; con ello complica el proyecto de transición política hacia la democracia planteado por el sector democrático nacional. La historia reciente muestra que las organizaciones criminales se adaptan con facilidad a las nuevas realidades políticas, convirtiéndose en una amenaza no tradicional de primer orden; en ese sentido, el proyecto de transición política hacia la democracia no debe considerarse únicamente como una labor exclusiva de los sectores democráticos venezolanos; en ella tiene igual nivel de protagonismo la comunidad internacional en el marco de la seguridad regional.
Assessment the Changing Trend of Susceptibility to Two Insecticides Among Field-Population Culex quinquefasciatus Compared with the Same Population Undergoing to Multiple Colonization
Authors: Shemshadian Atieh , Abai Mohammad Reza , Vatandoost Hassan , DinparastDjadid Navid , Oshaghi Mohammad Ali , Mojahedi Abdolrasoul
Published: July 2020

Background: During the past decade, rapid development of insecticide resistance have been reported among many species of mosquito vectors against four main categories of insecticides worldwide. The aim of the research was to assess the variation trend of susceptibility levels of Culex quinquefasciatus to two insecticides separately for the field population compared with subsequent generations of the same sample after multiple colonization.
Methods: Larvae and pupae of Cx. quinquefasciatus were collected from house sewages and reared to adult which blood-fed on roosters. Ten percent sucrose fed female mosquitoes aged 2–3 days were used for susceptibility tests with DDT and deltamethrin. Susceptibility levels was assessed in the adult stage of field stran Cx. quinquefasciatus against DDT 4.0% and deltamethrin 0.05% and continued up to next six generations undergoing multiple rearing at insectary condition.
Results: The susceptibility levels to DDT 4.0% did not change compared to the field with the lab population to six generations. Regarding deltamethrin 0.05%, no significant difference was shown between field strain (58.3%) and 3 rd generation (52.7%) compared to the 6th one (33.8%).
Conclusion: This finding may reflect the role of the kdr gene in resistance to organochlorine which has cross-resistance with pyrethroid insecticides. The results of this study clearly showed the irreversible trend of pyrethroid resistance among colonized mosquitoes. This is the first study of the resistance status of Cx. quinquefasciatus in Iran.
DEVELOPING ITEMS FOR MEASURING QUALITY OF WORK LIFE AMONG MALAYSIAN ACADEMICS: AN EXPLORATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS PROCEDURE
Authors: Ehido Amauche , Awang Zainudin , Abdul Halim Bahyah , Ibeabuchi Chukwuebuka
Published: July 2020

Purpose of the study: Quality of work life (QWL) is vital for all establishments to continue to hire and retain high-performance workers. However, from the review of previous literature on QWL, little is known about the dimensions that constitute high QWL among academics. Therefore, this study aimed at contributing to the literature by conducting a detailed validation of seven dimensions of QWL through the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) procedure.

Methodology: This study employed a cross-sectional research design to establish reliable measures for the QWL construct. The items were adapted and modified to suit this study. Study data was obtained using a structured questionnaire from 100 randomly selected academics from the five Malaysian research universities. The study further conducted the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) procedure using IBM-SPSS version 21.0.

Main Findings: A total of 51 items were initially developed to measure QWL construct, however, from the EFA procedure, the study found that 8 items with factor loading below the cut-off point of .60 were deleted and 48 items with a factor loading above the cut-off point of .60 were retained and deemed suitable to measure the QWL construct.

Applications of this study: This study validated the dimensions that lead to improved QWL. Therefore, this study is particularly useful to the Malaysian universities' management who aim to obtain benefits from super motivated and high-performance academics by making sure that the workers' overall well-being is protected in the workplace.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This study established a validated and reliable instrument for measuring the QWL construct among academics in the Malaysian research universities.
Conservative characteristic strength of concrete from non-destructive and partially destructive testing
Authors: Dauji Saha , Bhalerao Sandip , Srivastava P K , Bhargava Kapilesh
Published: July 2020

In this article, the strategy for evaluation of conservative characteristic strength of concrete from the non-destructive and partially destructive testing on the existing structures is elucidated. Such evaluations becomes essential for health assessment and re-evaluation of the existing structures to fulfill the requirements of periodic assessment, revised loading, changed functionality, regulatory guidelines or post-accident scenario. The non-destructive tests considered were ultrasonic pulse velocity (USPV) and rebound hammer (RH) records. This started with examination of the dataset for outliers, and elimination of the same, if any. Subsequently, the forms of correlation expression best suited for evaluation of compressive strength from USPV and RH were ascertained from the limited number of combined records of USPV, RH and core strength obtained from the structure. Stratified sampling was adopted to divide the data into modeling and testing data for this exercise, the latter being employed for performance evaluation. From the results, it was concluded that for the dataset involved, linear equation would be best suited for evaluation of compressive strength from both USPV as well as RH. The total records of the USPV, RH and core results were thereafter employed to determine the correlation expressions, which were subsequently applied on the USPV and RH records from the entire structure to arrive at the estimates of equivalent cube strength. The conservative characteristic strength of concrete in the structure was suggested from considerations of Indian standard code and may be extended for other codes as well. The conservative characteristic strength of concrete can hereafter be utilized for health assessment and re-evaluation studies for the structure. This case study would be useful as a reference for engineers engaged in condition assessment and re-evaluation exercises of existing concrete structures.
RESULTS OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF NON-PARASITIC SPLENIC CYSTS IN CHILDREN
Authors: Myzin A. V. , Kuleshov V. G. , Stepanov A. E. , Gerasimova N. V. , Ashmanov K. Yu.
Published: July 2020

Introduction. Currently, there are different views on the treatment of non-parasitic spleen cysts in children. The choice of method of treatment is under discussion. The aim of our study was to evaluate and analyze the immediate and long-term results of surgical interventions performed on nonparasitic spleen cysts in children. Material and methods. There are presented results of surgical treatment of the 21 patient, who was on treatment at the Department of Abdominal Surgery of the Russian Children Clinical Hospital over the period from 2013 to 2016. Patients were examined by means of ultrasound of the abdominal cavity, CT, MRI. All patients have been operated. 22 surgical interventions were performed by using laparoscopic access, out of which 2 partial resections of the spleen, 1 splenectomy, 19 fenestrations of spleen cysts.Results. During the course of the operation and in the immediate postoperative period there were no complications. Patients were observed for the period of from 1 year to 3 years. Good results of treatment were obtained in 20 (95.2%) children. In a long-term period a relapse occurred in the one patient one year after the operation. The patient was reoperated, splenectomy was performed. Conclusion. The surgical treatment of spleen cysts is the basic one. It is indicated for cysts sized larger than 5 cm and cysts with clinical symptoms. Minimally invasive interventions in children are optimal because of their low traumatism and good cosmetic effect. Our study showed a high efficiency of laparoscopic operations in children suffered from non-parasitic spleen cysts with good long-term results.
TESTICULAR TORSION IN THE INGUINAL CANAL IN CHILDREN
Authors: Shchedrov D. N.
Published: July 2020

There was performed analysis of diagnostic methods and modes of surgical treatment of testicular torsion in the inguinal canal, a comparison with similar indices in the torsion of a scrotally located gonad. The anatomical premises and features of a testicle in the inguinal canal associated with atypical anatomy are discussed. The results of the study indicate to a greater severity of testicular ischemia and, accordingly, the frequency of unsatisfactory results, despite a somewhat lower degree of torsion, which is explained by the compression of the gonad in the inguinal canal. Difficulties and peculiarities of clinical diagnostics, other differential-diagnostic set are shown. Difficulties and peculiarities of ultrasonic and Doppler diagnostics, typical ultrasonic symptoms of testicular torsion in the inguinal canal, their diagnostic value are demonstrated. The modalities of surgical treatment of this pathology are considered. Several different variants of surgical tactics are presented in various clinical and anatomical conditions. The research materials confirm the legitimacy and the possibility of using each of them. The total loss of the gonad in the torsion in the inguinal canal amounts of 8 (66.7%) of the cases out of 12, which is significantly higher than when the testicle is turned in conditions of a typical anatomy. However, the results of the study confirm that with the timely treatment, clinical and radiation diagnosis, taking into account the features of the shape of the torsion and emergency intervention that takes into account the specific clinical situation, despite the difficulties, the result of treatment can be positive.
USE OF THE FEMORAL ABDUCENS ORTHOSIS BY CEREBRAL PALSY PATIENTS. CLINICAL EXAMPLES
Authors: Tabe E. E.
Published: July 2020

In a focus of this article there is considered such disease as infantile cerebral palsy and possible complications of this disease. The emphasis has been made on differences in the formation of hip joints in infantile cerebral palsy children. There are presented clinical cases of the use of the femoral abducens orthosis S.W.A.S.H. in children with this disease. The author concludes that the timely pickup, use and correction of orthosis helps prevent a number of complications of the underlying disease, cerebral palsy such as dislocation, subluxation of the hip, scoliosis, contractures, and therefore significantly improves the quality of life of children of this group of the disease.
FEATURES OF THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF OVARIAN TUMORS IN GIRLS
Authors: Adamyan L. V. , Koltunov I. E. , Sibirskaya E. V. , Sharkov S. M. , Korotkova S. A. , Moksyakova E. G. , Movsesyan E. Kh.
Published: July 2020

Tumors of the ovaries in girls represent an actual problem in modern gynecology. First of all, this is due to diagnostic difficulties, caused by the absence of characteristic complaints, asymptomatic course and the complexity of the gynecological examination, which leads to making of an erroneous diagnosis, the lack of correct and timely treatment and, as a result, complications that often negatively affect the reproductive function of the female patient in further. The differential diagnosis of ovarian tumors in girls is still one of the most important problems of modern practical gynecology. In many patients, the presence of a combined pathology, which is 30-40% according to WHO data, puts the problem of the possibility of simultaneous correction of such pathology by both surgeons and gynecologists. In connection with the difficulty of diagnosing, the diagnosis of such patients must necessarily include an examination of a pediatric surgeon and a children’s gynecologist with ultrasound examination of the retroperitoneal space, abdominal cavity organs, and small pelvis. Errors in the differential diagnosis of genital and extragenital diseases occur quite often and are mainly due to the similarity of clinical symptoms. This article presents a clinical case of the diagnosis and management of a 14-year-old female patient with an adjacent diagnosis, as well as criteria for the diagnostic search for the differential diagnosis of gynecological and surgical pathologies.
RARE OBSERVATION OF A LARGE SPLENIC CYST IN A NEWBORN (CLINICAL CASE)
Authors: Kucherov Y. I. , Adleyba S. R. , Zhirkova Yu. V.
Published: July 2020

The article presents a clinical case of treating a newborn with the large cystic formation of the spleen. Indications for the operation were volume formation of more than 5 cm, a threat of rupture of the cyst with subsequent bleeding. Laparoscopic fenestration of the spleen cyst with a favorable outcome was performed.
INTEGRAL INDEX OF ACID-BASE HOMEOSTASIS AND FORECAST OF STATUS OF CHILDREN IN ACUTE PERIOD OF HEAVY MECHANICAL TRAUMA
Authors: Amcheslavskiy V. G. , Arsenev S. B. , Lukyanov V. I. , Khmelnitsky K. E. , Glebova E. S.
Published: July 2020

Introduction. The management of children in the acute period of severe mechanical trauma (SMT) requires multi-parameter monitoring, a constant assessment of the severity of the condition and the adequacy of intensive care. The abundance of heterogeneous information about the patient determines the need for the development of integrated indices, enabling the rapid assessment of the status and prognosis of the course of the traumatic disease. The assessment of the acid-base state (ABS) of the blood is one of the day-to-day components of multi-parameter monitoring. The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness and validity of the integral homeostasis index (IHI) obtained on the basis of the results of the ABS testing, for assessing the clinical state, its dynamics and determination the prognosis of the outcome of an acute period of trauma in children. Material and methods. The study included 345 SMT patients. The determination of ABS indices with the automatic calculation of the IHI was routinely performed 2 or more times a day. The obtained values of IHI were expertly compared with the assessment of the severity of the condition and the dynamics of this evaluation in the acute period of the traumatic illness. Results. The study demonstrated 97% accuracy in the determination of the prognosis of the course of the traumatic disease and 93% coincidence with an expert assessment of the severity of the patient’s condition. The results obtained make it possible to recommend the use of IHI for the practical use in the department of anesthesiology and resuscitation under the conditions of a unified information system combining databases (an electronic medical history, a laboratory information system, and a prognostic status and outcome module integrated in the information system and operating in a continuous mode).
EXPERIENCE IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF EXTENSIVE LIVER RESECTIONS IN CHILDREN
Authors: Razumovsky A. Yu. , Smirnov A. N. , Kholostova V. V. , Alkhasov A. B. , Mitupov Z. B. , Sergeeva S. V.
Published: July 2020

Aim of the study. The massive liver resection in children is executed very seldom. The article analyzes the clinical cases of six patients aged from 3 to 14 years with benign and malignant volume neoplasm of the liver. Material and methods. Diagnosis is laborious enough and requires both, the application of routine methods and highly specialized equipment. All children underwent a typical or atypical liver resection through open access, using modern surgical techniques. Results. The length of hospitalization averaged 39 days. Postoperative complications, like bile duct damage, occurred in two cases. One child had a hematoma at the site of the operation. Conclusion. Extensive liver resections in children refer to comprehensive high-tech surgical interventions, in which the main complication is damaging of the bile duct. The early detection of complications contributes to the favorable course of the postoperative period.
THE ROLE OF PLACENTAL DISORDERS AMONG RISK FACTORS IN THE FORMATION OF ISOLATED HYPOSPADIAS
Authors: Nikolaev V. V. , Solontsov Y. N. , Protasov A. A.
Published: July 2020

Aim of the study. The incidence of hypospadias increased by 2-3 times within the last 50 years. Changes in the frequency occurred mostly due to the gain of the distal isolated forms. The etiology of the majority of cases of the isolated hypospadias isn’t clear. The study of the origin hypospadias is at a stage of the search and assessment of the value of risk factors. The multifactorial pathology is supposed to be caused by changes in an organism of the mother, a placenta and environment factors. Our research is devoted to the assessment of placental factors in the formation of hypospadias. Material and Methods. We have performed a retrospective questionnaire among parents of 99 children with the isolated forms of hypospadias. The special attention was paid to the collecting of the family anamnesis, including data on diseases of reproductive organs, both at parents and at the immediate family in the male line and also data on a occupation, addictions (smoking) of parents. Information was also collected about the peculiarities of the course of the prenatal period and the outcome of childbirth. On the basis of the obtained data, an assessment of the influence of various “parental” factors on the formation of the isolated hypospadias forms in their sons is given. Results. In 4 out of 99 cases, the origin of isolated hypospadias has been caused by genetic deviations. Primary diseases of reproductive organs in parents have been noted as follow: in fathers in 18 of 95 cases, and in mothers in 12 cases. Most often the placenta pathology in the first trimester of pregnancy was shown by the threat of a spontaneous miscarriage (in 35 cases from 95). Placental disturbances during all pregnancy were accompanied by premature births in 25 cases. In 22 cases placental disorders were shown by a fetus arrest of development. Conclusions. In our research placental disturbances were the most frequent risk factors in the formation of the isolated hypospadias.
LEFT-SIDED TRAUMATIC DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA WITH THE INVOLVEMENT OF THE DIAPHRAGMATIC NERVE IN A CHILD
Authors: Makhachev B. M. , Magomedov A. D. , Gebekova S. A. , Tikhmaev A. N. , Sadykova Ch. M. , Gebekov A. G.
Published: July 2020

The article presents our clinical observation of a left-sided traumatic diaphragmatic hernia with the damage to the diaphragmatic nerve in a patient Sh., 2 years old. After a comprehensive examination and confirmation of the diagnosis, he underwent thoracoscopic plastic surgery of the left aperture dome. In satisfactory condition, the patient was discharged from the hospital.
COMPARISON OF ISLAMIC BANK PERFORMANCE AND CONVENTIONAL BANK PERFORMANCE IN PROVINCE WITH MUSLIM MAJORITY AND PROVINCE WITH NONMUSLIM MAJORITY POPULATION IN INDONESIA
Authors: Cahyono Eko Fajar , Mardianto M Fariz Fadillah , Widiastuti Tika
Published: July 2020

This study aims to examine the universality of Islamic banking services and products and conventional banks in Indonesia to test whether all circles both Muslims and non-Muslims can accept the services and products of Islamic banks and conventional banks. The method used using MANOVA ( Multivariate Analysis of Variance )  test by comparing the performance of Islamic banks and conventional banks represented by several indicators like third party fund and financing or lending in some provinces in Indonesia. There are two categories of provinces, namely the first category is the province of the province with the majority Muslim population and the second is the provincial category of provinces with non-Muslim majority population in Indonesia. There is no significant difference in the performance of third-party funding of Conventional Commercial and Islamic Banking in Provinces with Majority of Moslems and Non-Muslim Majority  Provinces. There is no significant difference in the performance of credit distribution of Conventional Commercial Banking and Islamic Comercial Banking in Provinces with Majority of Moslems and Non-Muslim Majority Provinces.
The Hidden Variables Theory
Authors: Fried Israel
Published: July 2020

The book presents a new concept on several physics topics. The initial values are non-relativistic quantities of subatomic particles which the values obtained in experiments are actually their relativistic reflection. The subjects in the book are presented in such order that each new topic is based on the development of its predecessor that explains where it stems from. The book presents methods of analyzing traditional physics concepts to extract hidden embedded information that reveals new variables which are combined with those known. The new formulas yield results that match experiments accurately. It presents discoveries as: The electric charge of subatomic particle results directly from its OAM (Orbital Angular Momentum). OAM Offset exhibits neutral state. The electron mass is a magnitude that expresses quantitatively the square of its magnetic flux quantum, hence this mass in Hydrogen Wave Function yields solutions that their squared values represent the flow pattern of magnetic flux surrounding electrons at energy levels, contrary to probability density describing odds of locating electron in atom. In calculation of hydrogen's wave function the electron and proton constitute one entity. Hence zero OAM at ground state determined by computational and experimental means is due to OAM offset of electron and proton rotation in opposite directions at center of mass. The proton, neutron and all baryons consist of three energy levels on which the quarks are orbiting. The third energy level of 80.5Gev plays a major role in the weak force while it is filled by charged mesons that are emitted thru W boson while acquiring the level's energy. The OAM of the orbiting quarks are third or two thirds of the reduced Planck constant. The proton missing spin is resolved by the OAM of quarks. The Electron is bound state composition of a negative Pion and an Electron's neutrino. The theory predicts a neutral boson of 160Gev (Accompanied by W+ boson from 240Gev decaying particle).
Increasing LTE-Advanced Network Capacity Using The Inter-band Carrier Aggregation (Downlink Side) Method
Authors: Kusuma Fadli , Putri Hasanah
Published: July 2020

According to the identification of the Operating Support System (OSS) by the Smartfren cellular operator in the Central Bandung area, six sites are found to have high traffic capacity with the physical resource block (PRb) percentage of 82.6 %. The use of PRb > 80 % is included in the warning indicator 2 based on the operator’s standards. It is also strengthened by the condition of the existing sites with the average Reference Signal Receive Power (RSRP) of -103.3 dBm, Signal to Interference Noise Ratio (SINR) of 6.28 dB, and throughput of 27.78 Mbps, thus resulting in non-optimal network performance in the area. Therefore, in this study, the inter-band Carrier Aggregation (CA) was applied by combining the 40 Time Division Duplex (TDD) band (2300 MHz) and band 5 Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) (850 MHz). One of the advantages of applying this method is that it can increase the user network capacity by maximizing the resources owned by the operator.  The predetermined scenario taking into account the initial network condition indicated a decrease in the PRb percentage by 44.50 % and an increase in the average RSRP value by 12.8 dBm, SINR by 5.14 dB, and throughput by 34.59 Mbps.
Determination of the Type of Heart Syndrome in Traditional Chinese Medicine with the Bayesian Network Method
Authors: Buditjahjanto Asto
Published: July 2020

The determination of a disease syndrome in the TCM is difficult enough to determine because it requires a lot of experience in observing patients' symptoms that appear in disease syndrome and their disease syndrome history. Symptoms that appear in one disease syndrome are varied and can also appear in other disease syndromes. This research limits the determination of the type of syndrome only in the heart organ. The purpose of this study is to determine the type of heart syndrome in TCM by using Bayesian Networks. Bayesian Networks is used because it has the advantage of adapting expert knowledge toward the preferences of symptoms that arise at a type of heart syndrome. The expert's preference is in the weights that act as prior probabilities that are used as the basis for calculations on the Bayesian Networks. The results showed that the Bayesian Networks can be used to determine the type of heart syndrome well. The results of trials on 7 patients yield the same diagnosis between the doctor's diagnosis and the Bayesian Networks calculation