bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE PREDICTION OF EPB-TBM PERFORMANCE USING FIREFLY ALGORITHMS AND PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION
Authors: Khoshzaher Erfan , Chakeri Hamid , Bazargan Shahab , Mousapour Hamid
Published: December 2023

Penetration rate is one of the most important parameters in determining excavation time in tunnelling operations. Providing a prediction model or a mathematical relationship can give a better understanding of this issue. A mathematical equation between input and output parameters can be optimized by using algorithms such as Particle Swarm Optimization and Firefly. Since drilling operations interact between ground and machine, therefore, the effective parameters on the penetration rate are divided into two general categories such as machine and geological factors. Effective geological factors include internal friction angle, cohesion, specific gravity, shear modulus and groundwater level. In addition, the important parameters of TBM are torque, thrust jacks, and rotation speed. By defining an initial mathematical function, two optimization algorithms, which look for the most optimal mode, the goal here is the same as the mean square error (MSE). Finally, by examining and comparing the performance of two algorithms, using the coefficient of determination and the mean square error, it found that the Firefly algorithm has a better performance than the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm.
APPLICATION OF NEUTRON COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY FOR ANALYSING OIL DISTRIBUTION IN BEREA SANDSTONE USING BAGASSE SURFACTANT
Authors: Setiati Rini , Akbar Fahrurrozi , Karisma Gabriel Prasucipto , Ramadhani Achmad , Setiawan Setiawan , Aditya Renato , Fathaddin Muhammad Taufiq , Sukaryo Sulistioso Giat , Bharoto Bharoto , Sumirat Iwan
Published: December 2023

The Neutron Computed Tomography (NCT) technique was adopted to study oil content within sandstone. In recent times, oil industries have turned to the Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) technique that uses chemicals/surfactants to reduce interfacial tension to maximize oil production from mature oil fields. The Berea core played a crucial role in investigating surfactant effectiveness for liberating trapped oil. The presented research is based on laboratory experiments carried out at the National Research and Innovation Agency and at the Trisakti University, Indonesia. The research proceeded in three steps. The first step was observation on the Berea core that is saturated with a low salinity brine of 40,000 ppm and 60,000 ppm and assessment of the total porosity of the sandstone. The second step included injecting oil into the sample and examining the water distribution. The final step was to inject sugarcane bagasse surfactant with 2% surfactant concentration to extract oil from the sandstone, then it was subjected to NCT analysis. The observations show that the pores are evenly distributed in the middle, the oil content accumulates at the edge, almost no oil remains in the middle of the Berea core after water injection, and the remaining oil returns to the main flow after surfactant injection. The results show that oil movement in the Berea core with 40,000 ppm salinity is better than oil movement with 60,000 ppm. The salinity of the brine can affect the mobility of oil droplets in the Berea core, and surfactant injection processes have better performance at lower salinity and are susceptible to higher salinity.
Kur'ân Algısı Bağlamında İmam Mâlik'in Kur'ân'ın Korunmuşluğuyla Çelişen Bazı Rivayetleri Nakli
Authors: SAYĞIN Sümeyye
Published: December 2023

Kur’ân-ı Kerim’in insanlık tarihi boyunca orijinal haliyle muhafaza edilmek suretiyle bugüne intikal eden yegâne kitap olduğu konusunda Müslümanlar ve insanlığın büyük bir kısmı hemfikirdir. Bununla birlikte İslâmî literatürde Kur’ân’da eksiklik bulunduğu vehmini ortaya çıkaracak nitelikte bazı rivayetlere rastlanmaktadır. İmam Mâlik de İslâmî literatürün en muteber hadis kaynaklarından biri olan Muvatta’ın sahibidir ve Kur’ân’ın eksiksiz muhafazasına aykırı kabul edilebilecek bazı rivayetler bu eserde de yer almaktadır. Radâ‘/süt emme ve recm konularına dair bu rivayetler Mâlik b. Enes tarafından metinlerindeki problemli ifadelere rağmen niçin nakledilmiştir? İmam Mâlik’in Kur’ân algısında bir farklılık mı söz konusudur? sorularına cevap arayan bu çalışma Mâlik b. Enes’in Kur’ân algısı, Kur’ân’ın korunmuşluğu anlayışı ve söz konusu rivayetleri nakletme gerekçelerini konu edinmiştir. Araştırma sonunda İmam Mâlik’in İslâm dünyasında mevcut Kur’ân algısından farklı bir anlayışa sahip olmadığı, ilgili rivayetleri hadis nakletme prensipleri doğrultusunda aktardığı ve rivayetlerin Kur’ân’ın korunmuşluğu ile çelişen yönlerini göz önünde bulundurmadığı tespit edilmiştir.
Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitors and the Cardiovascular System: Current Knowledge and Future Expectations
Authors: Boutsikos Ioannis ,   Department of Therapeutics, Alexandra General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece, Beltsios Eleftherios ,   Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplant and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany, Schmack Bastian ,   Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplant and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany, Pantazopoulos Ioannis ,   Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical School, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece, Chatzis Dimitrios G ,   School of Medicine, European University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
Published: December 2023

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a well-recognized clinical entity and reflects a complex relationship between metabolic substrates and myocardial function. Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are antidiabetic agents that are found to exert multiple cardioprotective effects. Large clinical trials showed their beneficial effects on patients with heart failure, reducing the rates of rehospitalizations and improving kidney function. The aim of this review is to summarize the latest evidence in the literature regarding the multiple effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on patients across the spectrum of cardiovascular diseases.
Difficulties and Recommendations for AI-Based Prediction of Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness in Digital Pathology
Authors: Brehler Michael , Walhagen Peter , Busch Christer , Bonn Stefan , Bengtsson Ewert
Published: December 2023

Prostate cancer is among the most common cancers in men with around 1.4 million new cases each year world-wide. A vital part in the diagnosis of prostate cancer is the evaluation of its severity using biopsies and histopathology. Recent progress in artificial intelligence-based image analysis has led to a flurry of algorithms for the automated analysis of prostate cancer histopathological data focusing on the detection of cancerous areas, the grading of cancer severity, and patient outcome. Some of these approaches have reached human expert-level performance and digital models trained directly on patient outcomes might surpass human performance in the future. Although these results hold great promise for the future usage of digital pathology in clinical settings, several bottlenecks remain to be addressed. Especially the robustness, reliability and trustworthiness of predictions must be guaranteed across a wide range of variation in protocols and instrumentation. While human experts are relatively robust to technical and biological variation in biopsies, artificial intelligence-based systems tend to struggle with differences in staining intensity, color, scanner type, and image resolution, impeding the clinical usage of digital models. In this work we highlight salient problems and minimal requirements of computational pathology for future use in clinical settings, while focusing on prostate cancer as a use case. In particular, we highlight data and model problems and solutions that include data variability, dataset size, and data annotations, as well as model robustness to data heterogeneity, model prediction confidence, and the explainability of model decisions. While model and data requirements for successful computational pathology in clinics will be highlighted, legal, ethical, and deployment requirements will not be addressed in this review. In summary, we provide a short overview of the field, salient problems, and potential solutions to harvest the full potential of digital pathology for prostate cancer in clinical practice.
Effect of pharmacist counselling on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in reducing blood sugar levels: a systematic literature review
Authors: Rina Habsyah
Published: December 2023

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide, and one approach to managing T2DM is through patient counselling. The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic literature review to identify the impact of pharmacist counselling on patients with T2DM in reducing blood sugar levels. This research utilized the systematic literature review method. Research data were sourced from published literature, retrieved from databases like PubMed and Google Scholar. The collected data were then qualitatively analysed. The results show that, based on 15 journal literatures reviewed, pharmacist counselling in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus significantly impacts the reduction of blood sugar levels (both glucose and HbA1c levels). The average blood sugar level decreased from 225.69 to 190.98, while another study reported fasting blood glucose levels dropping from 274.5 mg/dl to 239.8 mg/dl. However, there was one study that indicated counselling only managed to slow down the rate of glucose level increase in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Overall, these findings underscore the vital role of pharmacist counselling in the management and control of blood sugar levels in T2DM patients, contributing to better diabetes care and potentially reducing direct medical costs associated with the condition.
Orthopedic sports injuries: advanced imaging modalities, return-to-play criteria, and injury prevention
Authors: Aborukbah Abdullah F. , Elbashir Hisham A. , Alajmi Mohammad R. , Bin milhah Faten S. , Shagdar Yousuf K. , Albadrani Naif A. , Ashoor Mohammed M. , Alali Aminah H. , Aldohayan Shahad A. , Alqahtani Abdulaziz M. , Asiri Abdulaziz M.
Published: December 2023

Orthopaedic sports injuries encompass a wide range of musculoskeletal conditions resulting from the physical demands of athletic activities. These injuries can vary from acute, such as sprains and fractures, to chronic overuse syndromes like tendinopathies. Prevalent due to the global enthusiasm for sports, they affect bones, muscles, tendons, ligaments, and joints. The etiology of these injuries is multifactorial, stemming from biomechanical stressors, training methods, genetics, and environmental conditions. Advanced imaging modalities like magnetic resonance imaging and Computed tomography have revolutionized the assessment and diagnosis of these injuries, aiding in treatment decisions and return-to-play criteria. Injury prevention is paramount and involves understanding intrinsic (athlete-related) and extrinsic (environmental) risk factors. Strategies include pre-participation screening, strength and conditioning programs, biomechanical analysis, neuromuscular training, proper equipment use, rule changes, education, and creating a safety-conscious culture. Effective prevention reduces the burden of these injuries. Treatment strategies range from conservative approaches to surgery, depending on the type and severity of the injury. Emerging trends in sports medicine, including biologic therapies and telemedicine, offer promising avenues for improved diagnosis and recovery. The holistic approach to orthopaedic sports injuries encompasses prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, ensuring athletes' well-being and longevity in their chosen sports.
Emerging bacterial and fungal pathogens in healthcare and the threat of drug resistance
Authors: Alzahrani Khaled Swailem , Almutairi Khulood Majed , Alsulami Afaf Wazin , Aseeri Abdulrhman Mohmmed , Alqarni Mohammed Ahmed , Haffah Arwa Ahmad , Alqahtani Muhannad Fahad , Almistadi Mohammed Fahad , Muaddi Saad Ali Bin , Ayoub Hanin Abdulrahman
Published: December 2023

Managing the treatment of fungal infections, in healthcare facilities is extremely important as drug resistance continues to rise. It's crucial to have programs that oversee the use of antibiotics which can help reduce the emergence of resistance. Rapid diagnostic tools like polymerase chain reaction and next generation sequencing (PCR and NGS) are helpful in targeting treatment plans. Implementing rigorous infection control protocols can effectively reduce the transmission of infections, within healthcare facilities. Collaborative efforts between specialists ensure customized treatment plans that address resistance profiles. Combating evolving drug resistance involves approaches such as combination therapy and immunotherapies. Educating healthcare workers and patients about infection prevention and control is essential. Surveillance and epidemiology play a role in tracking resistance patterns, which in turn guide interventions. International cooperation is crucial due to travel patterns. Continuous research and innovation are essential for management providing insights into treatment effectiveness and mechanisms of resistance. The clinical implications of drug resistance such as increased severity, treatment failures and limited options underscore the need, for an approach. In conclusion, it is imperative to have clinical management strategies to tackle the challenges posed by emerging drug pathogens while safeguarding patient outcomes and public health.
POLYPRAGMASIA AND DRUG LOAD DEPENDING ON THE STATE OF KIDNEY FUNCTION OF PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Batishcheva Galina Alexandrovna , Goncharova Natalia Yurievna , Cherenkova Olga Vladimirovna , Eliseeva Daria Mikhailovna , Kotlyarova Daria Kirillovna
Published: December 2023

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is often combined with other diseases, which increases the likelihood of polypragmasia. For the correct dosage regimen of drugs, it is necessary to take into account the state of kidney function, the change of which may be associated with diabetic nephropathy. The aim of the study was to determine the structure of comorbid pathology in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to evaluate the dosage regimen of hypoglycemic drugs taking into account the state of the kidneys. A retrospective analysis of 100 medical records of patients hospitalized in the endocrinology department of the Russian Railways Medicine Clinical Hospital from January to April 2022 was carried out. Patients were divided into groups depending on the presence or absence of CRD (chronic renal disease). Hypoglycemic therapy was evaluated by calculating the drug burden index (DBI) in DDD units for 10 days of pharmacotherapy with oral hypoglycemic and insulin drugs.
It was found that arterial hypertension (85%), dyslipidemia (67%), obesity (62%) prevailed in the structure of comorbid pathology in patients with diabetes mellitus. Polypragmasia was detected in 87% of patients. Decrease of glomerular filtration rate (GFR40 ml/min) was found in 61% of patients.
The study showed that while maintaining kidney function (GFR 60 ml/min) in the selected cohort of patients, the average DBI value for oral drugs reached 34 DDD units for 10 days of pharmacotherapy, for insulin preparations - 13 DDD units for 10 days of pharmacotherapy. In patients with reduced GFR40 ml/min, the average DBI value for oral medications was significantly lower, reaching 8.6 DDD units for 10 days of pharmacotherapy, for insulin preparations 7.6 DDD units for 10 days of pharmacotherapy, indicating a decrease in the number of drug prescriptions.
IN THE PRACTICE OF AN ENDOCRINOLOGIST: A CLINICAL CASE
Authors: Avilova Victoria Vadimovna , Krasnikova Yulia Andreevna , Volynkina Anna Petrovna , Zoloedov Vladimir Ivanovich
Published: December 2023

The article presents a clinical case of secondary hyperaldosteronism in a patient with gouty and diabetic nephropathy. A number of diagnostic procedures are described to differentiate secondary hyperaldosteronism from primary hyperaldosteronism.
PREVALENCE OF CLINICAL SYMPTOMS OF HYPOVITAMINOSIS AMONG STUDENTS
Authors: Merkulova Marina Dmitrievna
Published: December 2023

Hypovitaminosis is a common problem in the modern world, despite the abundance of pharmaceuticals on the market. To date, about 70% of the population has a lack of any vitamin. Early detection of the first signs of hypovitaminosis will help avoid the occurrence of various pathological processes in the human body.

Purpose. To identify the prevalence of symptoms of hypovitaminosis among students of the Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko.

Materials and methods. A survey was conducted on the basis of the Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko. The questionnaire consisted of blocks of questions that were aimed at detecting the manifestations of hypovitaminosis of individual vitamins.

Results. The study analyzed 80 questionnaires. The age of the respondents varies from 19 to 23 years. Among them are 22 males and 58 females. The study results were statistically processed using a standard method of calculating arithmetic averages using Microsoft Excel 2011.

Thus, to date, it has been revealed that most students are deficient in vitamins V1, C, V12, E and trace elements of calcium, magnesium, iodine and zinc. Complivit, Doppelgerz and effervescent vitamin C tablets were among the three most popular medicines among students for the prevention of hypovitaminosis.
ROLE OF MICROBIOLOGICAL MONITORING IN ALMATY MULTIDISCIPLINARY HOSPITAL
Authors: Zinbay Fatima A. , Nuralim Magzhan N. , Dyussengaliyeva Samal T.
Published: December 2023

Microbiological monitoring is the most important component of the epidemiological safety of the medical and diagnostic process, an integral part of the process of providing epidemiological surveillance for infections associated with the provision of medical care [1].
Purpose. Determine the effectiveness of microbiological monitoring of patients, study the microbiological spectrum and resistance of microflora to antibiotics with the study of the antibiotic graph.
Materials and methods. Data on antimicrobial sensitivity of microorganism strains isolated from the wound compartment (55 patients) and sputum (258 patients) were retrospectively analyzed. The microbial landscape was studied, based on the results of records in disease histories for six months (October 2021 - April 2022). Microbiological studies were performed on the basis of the City Clinical Hospital No. 4 in Almaty according to the approved regulatory documents [5]. Results. Thus, the results of our study showed a high percentage of excretion of gram-positive flora in sputum and wound separation. In most cases, microflora was sensitive to moxifloxacin, levofloxacin and gentamicin with different degrees of severity. There was a difference in the resistance of the sputum flora to erythromycin, and the microflora of the wound secretible to oxacillin. This indicates the need to make changes in the tactics of administering and treating these patients in accordance with the principles of rational use of antimicrobials [6].
Conclusion. Rational antimicrobial therapy can be carried out with timely and guaranteed receipt of information on the sensitivity of microorganisms to antimicrobial drugs. The spread of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms in medical organizations significantly reduces the effectiveness of antibacterial therapy and is associated with the threat of the spread of ubiquitous strains. Targeted observations of the resistance of infectious agents to these drugs represent one of the effective ways to prevent antibiotic resistance [1].
MARKERS OF EARLY INFLAMMATION IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF NEONATAL SEPSIS
Authors: Ippolitova Lyudmila Ivanovna , Korotaeva Natalia Vladimirovna , Pershina Elena Sergeevna , Klyuev Ilya Nikolaevich , Haprova Irina Olegovna
Published: December 2023

To date, neonatal sepsis remains one of the leading causes of death in newborns in the first month of life. The urgency of this problem is explained by the high level of mortality in prenatal and early postnatal infection. Diagnosis of the disease is complicated by the absence of specific symptoms and signs, which contributes to the deterioration of the condition of newborns with sepsis due to antibiotic therapy that has not been started in a timely manner. This article reviews the current literature on early markers of neonatal sepsis, which may be useful for healthcare practitioners.
SIALOGRAPHY AND ITS DIAGNOSTIC VALUE
Authors: Bavykina Irina Anatolievna , Titova Lilia Aleksandrovna , Bavykin Dmitry Vadimovich , Rostovtsev Vladimir Vladimirovich
Published: December 2023

The article presents modern literature data on the effectiveness of the use of sialography in normal and in such pathologies as additional ducts of the salivary glands, sialolithiasis, salivary gland stenosis, sialodochitis, sialadenitis, Sjogren's syndrome and tumors of the salivary glands. Descriptions of the diagnostic picture during sialography in various pathological conditions are given, the possibility of using different types of sialography is evaluated.
PHARMACOTHERAPY OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN LOCOMOTIVE CREW WORKERS
Authors: Batishcheva Galina A. , Kotelnikova Tatyana E. , Korchagina Sofia A. , Goncharova Natalia Yu.
Published: December 2023

Cardiovascular pathology is considered one of the leading reasons for the professional unfitness of locomotive crew workers (LCW). Cardiac arrhythmias and elevated blood pressure numbers create prerequisites for the occurrence of cardiovascular catastrophes. Therefore, it seems relevant to investigate the structure of cardiovascular pathology and its pharmacotherapy in LCW from the standpoint of the safety of the use of various drugs among this group of patients. In the course of the study, a retrospective analysis of 100 medical records (machinists and their assistant) of the cardiology department of the Private healthcare institution Clinical Hospital "Russian Railways-medicine" Voronezh" was carried out. The results obtained indicate that various specified rhythm disturbances (41%) and hypertension (30%) in LCW. Holter ECG monitoring detects various types of rhythm and conduction disturbances in almost all the examined patients (supraventricular extrasystole in 94%, ventricular 51%). Analysis of the lipid spectrum confirms the presence of hypercholesterolemia, dyslipidemia. Among the drugs used there are those that belong to class I or II of the list "Medicines and traffic safety", but at the time of separation of the driver / assistant driver from work, their appointment is possible. There is a tendency to replace medications at discharge with safer ones (class III).
THE ROLE OF ENTERAL NUTRITION IN THE CORRECTION OF CALCIUM-PHOSPHORUS METABOLISM IN PREMATURE CHILDREN WITH VLBW AND ELBW
Authors: Korotaeva Natalia V. , Ippolitova Lyudmila I. , Pershina Elena S.
Published: December 2023

The development of a child in infancy represents a critical time window for the formation of future health due to the extraordinary plasticity at this stage of various organs and their sensitivity to nutrition and other environmental factors. Children born prematurely are a vulnerable link for many pathological conditions, while their anatomical and physiological features of metabolism are not able to fully control the internal processes of self-regulation. And while the views of many experts are focused on the development of new methods of respiratory support, one should not forget about the special need of this group of children for micronutrients. The purpose of this work was to familiarize a wide range of readers with the metabolic status and its relationship with some pathological conditions in premature newborns, depending on the substrate of enteral nutrition.
MUTUAL MODIFICATION OF EFFECTS OF METABOLICS AND IMMUNOMODULATORS
Authors: Zemskova Veronika A.
Published: December 2023

Metabolics, antioxidants, immunomodulators of various origins and mechanisms of action are able to realize a wide range of effects on the pathogenetic units of chronic pyelonephritis. Clinical manifestations in patients with exacerbation of the disease dynamics of normalization of the level of cellular, humoral markers of inflammation, T-B-dependent and cytokine units of immunity, as well as enzymatic and non-enzymatic mechanisms of the antioxidant system (AOS) are subject to correction.

The implementation of these effects is differentiated, dependent on the combination of used metabolic and immunotropic drugs. It specifically includes the possibility of modification by metabolites (Mk, Ml) of the properties of the immunomodulator (If) and immunomodulators (Bf, Sl) of the characteristics of the metabolic (Gp).
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO PLANNING THE ASSORTMENT OF A PHARMACY ORGANIZATION
Authors: Afanasyeva Tatiana G. , Makhinova Elena N. , Novikova Marina D. , Kushnir Alyona Yu. , Tkachuk Aleanora S.
Published: December 2023

The management of the pharmacy organization is based on the competent management of the main business processes, among which the leading position is occupied by assortment planning. Many pharmaceutical workers form the structure and volume of the assortment based on the indicators of the previous period by averaging. This approach does not take into account the dynamism of the market of medicines: seasonal fluctuations in demand, changes in legislation, marketing activity of manufacturers and consumer preferences depending on it, as well as other factors. The use of a systematic approach in the formation of the assortment of pharmacy by the method of two-factor ABC- and XYZ-analysis allows you to quickly and flexibly respond to the most significant changes in the pharmaceutical market, contributing to the maintenance of liquidity, profitability and efficiency of the pharmacy. This method of analysis is applicable to various pharmacotherapeutic groups.
DOES MUSIC AFFECT THE UNBORN CHILD?
Authors: Zagorodnikova Kseniya A. , Zagorodnikov S. V. , Zazerskaya Irina E.
Published: December 2023

During pregnancy, the level of concern about the possibility of harming the development of the fetus is usually high in both pregnant women and their doctors. Household influences, such as music, may also be perceived as beneficial or dangerous depending on their nature. In the above review, an attempt is made to analyze the degree of actual scientific background on this issue. Evidence of the possibilities of the influence of external sounds on the state of the fetus, known facts of the long-term consequences of such an impact are given, an analysis of the possible difference in the effect exerted by music of different musical genres is carried out.
Endovascular Treatment of Paget-Schroetter Disease
Authors: Sukovatykh Boris Semyonovich , Bolomatov Nikolay Vladimirovich , Gordov Maxim Yurievich , Larina Nna Valeryevna
Published: December 2023

The paper describes a case of endovascular treatment of a patient with Paget Schroetter syndrome (PSS), who had verified thrombosis of the brachial, axillary and subclavian veins. The main etiological factor of venous thrombosis was hyperabduction syndrome compression of the subclavian vein by the pectoralis minor muscle during arm movement. The indication for endovascular treatment was acute venous insufficiency of the upper limb with the developing threat of phlegmasia cerulea dolens. Regional catheter thrombolysis was performed using alteplase. There was a lysis of thrombotic masses with beneficial long-term clinical outcomes of the patient's treatment.
Immune Diagnostics and Immunotherapy of Burn Sepsis
Authors: Kozlova Maria Nikolaevna , Zemskov Vladimir Mikhailovich , Alekseev Andrey Anatolyevich
Published: December 2023

The paper analyzes the literature data and authors proper experience in the study of immunopathogenesis and immunodiagnosis of burn sepsis. It argues the issues of effective use of immunocorrection in the complex treatment of severely burned patients.Diagnosis of sepsis after severe burn injury is challenging due to the overlap of signs and clinical manifestations of the hypermetabolic reaction of thermal injury and sepsis. The systemic inflammatory response caused by burns can mimic manifestations of sepsis and complicate its early diagnosis. Considering this, modern immunodiagnostics can serve as an effective tool in identifying damaged key immune markers in burns, determining the severity of immune status disorders in burn disease and the risk of developing septic complications for timely immunocorrection and providing appropriate complex therapy for patients with extensive burns.However, the problem of immunocorrective therapy in severely burned patients remains extremely relevant, debatable and not fully resolved. It is a personalized approach based on immune analysis and clinical recommendations for the complex treatment of burn injury that should be applied in the immunotherapy of burn sepsis to improve the clinical outcomes and, possibly, prevent the development of sepsis in patients with severe burn injury.
CHARACTERISTICS OF ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC INDICATORS IN PATIENTS WITH LOWER JAW FRACTURES AFTER SURGICAL TREATMENT BY ORTHOPEDIC CORRECTION
Authors: Guskov Alexander V. , Zolotova Maria I. , Kalinovsky Sergey I. , Zolotov Mikhail S.
Published: December 2023

The issues of the need for immobilization and postoperative orthopedic rehabilitation of patients after fractures of the lower jaw were studied to eliminate the risk of complications such as violation of the occlusal relationship of the teeth, contracture of the lower jaw, increased muscle tone, and as a result, the development of pathology from the temporomandibular joint. A comparative analysis of electromyographic parameters and palpation of the masticatory and temporal muscles in patients with fractures of the lower jaw and healthy individuals proves the need for the use of orthopedic correction methods for the rehabilitation of the victims.
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF BACTERIOSCOPY IN THE COMPLEX OF DIAGNOSTICS OF COMPLICATED FORMS OF DENTAL CARIES OF PATIENTS WHO PREVIOUSLY HAVE COVID-19
Authors: Ermolovich Anna L. , Borisova Eleanora G. , Zheleznyak Vladimir A. , Khrustaleva Julia A.
Published: December 2023

The issues of the complexity of diagnosing diseases of the pulpoperiodontal complex of teeth of patients who had previously recovered from COVID-19, as well as the need to select the most adapted algorithm for the treatment of pathology, depending on the clinical manifestations in the oral cavity, were studied. An increase in the activity of opportunistic microorganisms, which normally do not show activity in the oral cavity, gives rise to the development of various pathologies of hard tissues of the teeth, the pulp and periodontium. The expediency and necessity of including in this category of patients, in addition to the standard dental examination, also additional examination methods (for example, blood test, bacterioscopy, bacteriological tests, testing of the microvasculature, and others) before the start of any dental treatment. Emphasis is placed on the elimination of a certain type of microorganism, identified with the help of additional examination methods, thereby preventing the occurrence of long-term complications after endodontic treatment of the tooth.
Influence of factors of systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in somatic pathologies on the success of dental implantation (literature review)
Authors: Guskov Alexander V. , Oleynikov Alexander A. , Nikiforov Alexander A. , Logunkova Valeria G. , Zhukovets Dmitry G. , Laut Oksana A. , Vasileva Tatiana A.
Published: December 2023

In the presented literature review, the issue of the influence of general somatic factors associated with diseases of the cardiovascular and endocrine systems on the success of dental implantation was studied. The issues of the relationship of systemic inflammatory processes and periodontal status with the dental health of patients with background pathologies associated with an imbalance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, insulin and glucose in the blood in diabetes mellitus and obesity, factors of endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis, hypertension and coronary heart disease are highlighted. Based on the analyzed information, it was confirmed that poor-quality history taking, the lack of a thorough diagnostic examination (biochemical blood test, coagulogram, reaction to the presence of specific infections and viral diseases), ignoring the need to correct existing local and systemic inflammatory phenomena before dental implantation can lead to a violation the process of osseointegration, the occurrence of peri-implantitis, implant rejection reactions. In this regard, it can be concluded that when planning complex dental treatment, attention should be paid not only to local dental symptoms, but also to the general history and laboratory data, which will improve the quality of dental implantation.
Eribulin along with capecitabine in relapsed invasive breast cancer- a retrospective single-Institutional study
Authors: Poddar Soumita , Chakrabarti Amitabha , Dutta Bodhisattwa , Mondal Santu , Islam Rejakul , Purkait Azizul
Published: December 2023

Background: Invasive breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer at present. Due to systemic nature of disease, chemotherapy plays an important role in treatment of invasive breast cancer. Relapse (loco-regional or metastatic) is not uncommon in this disease. Both eribulin and capecitabine are effective as single agent in relapsed disease. But in combination, efficacy of these two chemotherapeutic medicines are not properly known. In this single-Institutional retrospective study, Eribulin and capecitabine have been assessed as combination chemotherapy in patients with relapsed breast cancer.
Materials and methods: Patients with relapsed breast cancer, having ER and/or PR positive, Her-2/neu negative or triple negative status and received eribulin alongwith capecitabine, were included in our study. Primary objective of this study was to assess response, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Secondary objective was toxicity assessment.
Results: 48 patients were included in our study. Median age of patients was 56 years. Thirty six (75%) patients had ER and/or PR positive status and twelve (25%) patients had ER/PR negative status. Five (10.4%) patients achieved complete response (CR). Thirty two (66.7%) patients achieved partial response (PR). Disease was stable (SD) in nine (18.8%) patients. Two (4.2%) patients suffered from progressive disease (PD). Median Progression-free survival (PFS) was 10.15 months. Mean of PFS of patients was 10.72 (95% CI- 9.72-11.72) months. Median overall survival (OS) was 18.15 months. Mean of overall survival of patients was 19.56 (95% CI- 17.9-21.22) months. Nineteen (39.6%) and three (6.2%) patients experienced grade 2 and grade 3 anemia respectively. Eighteen (37.5%) and two (4.2%) patients suffered from grade 2 and grade 3 neutropenia respectively. One patients experienced grade 2 thrombocytopenia. Nineteen (39.6%) patients experienced grade 2 diarrhoea. One patients suffered from grade 3 diarrhoea. Palmo-plantor erythrodysesthesia had been experienced by eight (16.7%) patients. Six (12.5%) patients suffered from grade 2 neuropathy. Two (4.2%) patients experienced grade 3 neuropathy. Fatigue had been experienced by 19 (39.6%) patients.
Conclusion: Eribulin alongwith capectabine can be used in patients with relapsed invasive breast cancer, in whom anthracycline and taxane have previously been used; with response rate and survival better than either single agent chemotherapy. This regimen is important particularly for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), where option for chemotherapy is limited.
Necessary Information of Afghan Immigrant Women with Breast Cancer in Iran in the Field of Health and Sanitary and the Way to Access it
Authors: Razavi Seyed Ali Asghar , Chelak Afshin Mousavi , Riahi Aref
Published: December 2023

Introduction: This study was aimed to identify the sanitary and health-oriented and information needs of Afghan immigrant women with breast cancer who are being treated and coping with their disease in health centers and hospitals in Iran.
Method: The present study is a survey and applied in terms of purpose. The study population consisted of 72 Afghan immigrant female patients with breast cancer. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect information divided into 6 sections and had 65 questions. Kruskal-Wallis,Mann-Whitney U tests, and SPSS statistical software version 20 were used to analyze the data.
Findings: The results showed no significant difference between the health information needs of immigrants based on age, marital status, literacy rate, occupation, treatment stage, manner and place of residence, and other demographic characteristics. “Achieving a healthy life” has been identified as the most critical information need (with a mean of 4.14), and “lack of familiarity with traditional sources related to sanitary and health” has been identified as the most crucial barrier (with a mean of 3.99) in accessing sanitary and health information.
Conclusion: Paying attention to the information needs of cancer patients, especially immigrants and refugees with cultural differences and many social gaps with the host community (Iran), seems inevitable. As a result of being aware of the health information needs of these people in different stages of treatment and providing appropriate information by health professionals, informants, doctors, nurses, and medical staff, the situation will provide for better and more effective treatment of these patients in addition to reducing mental anxiety and psychological security in patients.
Cushing syndrome in a 55-year-old case of small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Naseri Maryam , Asnaashari Amir Mohamad Hashem , Sorouri Shahabaddin
Published: December 2023

Lung cancer is one of the most fatal types of cancer and paraneoplastic syndromes are commonly associated with lung cancer. Paraneoplastic Cushing can be associated with different types of tumors, especially small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The aim of this report was to describe the status of a patient presenting with progressive weakness, who did not have a previous medical history. Clinical examination revealed bilateral edema of the lower limbs. Lab results exhibited severe hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis. physical examination showed elevated blood pressure. Imaging revealed a large mass with necrosis. Bronchoscopy was done and biopsy pathology showed SCLC. The patient underwent chemotherapy with cisplatin and etoposide. Following SCLC, the patient developed a type of paraneoplastic syndrome called Cushing syndrome. He experienced a severe decrease in saturation in the second session of chemotherapy and eventually died. With respect to the fact that most paraneoplastic syndromes are associated with poor response to treatment, high clinical suspicion is essential for the rapid diagnosis of these syndromes to improve outcomes.
South Korea's Medical Tourism Competitiveness and Future Strategy: Focused on Cancer Treatment: A Review
Authors: Kim Hyoungsup , Lee Youngsub
Published: December 2023

Background: Medical tourism is a leading industry of South Korea. Since the transition from the latest health pandemic to endemic, foreign patients have been on a rapid increase. The Korean government regards medical tourism as a major national industry and pursues medical, legal, and policy strategies with the goal of attracting 700,000 foreign patients by 2027.
Methods: Examining objective data and statistics as well as academic articles, we investigated the strengths and advantages, which might persuade foreign medical tourists to visit South Korea by performing a comparative analysis with high-income or medically advanced countries among Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and other competing Asian countries.
Results: Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world. Compared with other advanced countries and Asian competitors in cancer treatment, South Korea shows excellent result of major cancers treatments, accessibility to hospitals and medical professionals, and competitiveness in terms of surgery and treatment costs.
Conclusion: South Korea has excellent competitiveness both in price and in cancer treatment with the outstanding results of cancer mortality rates and 5-year survival rates. The achievement of Korea's cancer treatments is due to accurate diagnosis with the advantage of PET-CT, 64-sllice CT, 3.0 TESLA MRI, etc., and the use of cutting-edge equipment, such as CyberKnife and Da Vince robotic surgery. Besides, the Korean central and local governments actively support for the promotion of Korea's medical tourism industry, such as issuance of visas for foreigners, the hospital certification system, and medical tourism convergence cluster project.
Development of a Conceptual Framework for Tuberculosis Man-agement and Control; an Evidence Synthesis using Text Mining Software: A Review
Authors: Handayani Sri , Hinchcliff Reece , Hasibuan Zainal A.
Published: December 2023

Background: The use of electronic systems supported by text-mining software applications that support the End TB strategy’ needs to be explored. This study aimed to address this knowledge gap, and synthesis of evidence.
Methods: The PubMed database was searched for structured review articles published in English since 2012 on interventions to control and manage TB. Nine hundred twenty-five articles met the inclusion criteria. The included articles were synthesized using the text and content analysis software Leximancer. The themes were chosen based on the hit words that emerged in the frequency and heat maps. After the themes were chosen, the concept built the themes based on likelihood.
Results: The framework resulting in the study focuses on early detection and treatment to minimize the chance of TB transmission in the population, especially for highly susceptable populations. The main area highlighted is the appropriate screening and treatment domains. The framework generated in this study is somewhat in line with the WHO Final TB Strategy. This study highlights the importance of improving TB prevention through a patient-centered approach and protecting susceptible populations.
Conclusion: Our findings will be helpful in guiding TB practice, policy development and future research. Future research can elaborate the framework and elicit feedback from TB management stakeholdesr to assess its utility.
Intervention Effect of Mindfulness-Based Mental Health Education Therapy on Adolescents Mobile Phone Addiction and Cognitive Tendency
Authors: Wang Haihong , Chen Xiao
Published: December 2023

Background: Teenagers are more prone to mobile phone addiction than other age groups due to their lack of self-control. This addiction to mobile phones severely affects their physical and mental health, causing irreversible harm as they grow older. As such, exploring suitable psychotherapy for their physical and mental development needs is essential, in ways that effectively change teenagers’ mobile phone addictive behaviors.
Methods: An experimental study was conducted on 910 teenage volunteers recruited from 5 communities in Gansu, Hebei, and Liaoning Provinces in China from May to July 2023. The participants were screened using the Mobile Phone Addiction Index Scale (MPAI). On the basis of the evaluation results, 56 individuals were selected based on the evaluation results and randomly divided into experimental and control groups, each comprising 28 individuals. The experimental group underwent an 8-week mindfulness-based mental health education therapy. Both groups were measured before and after the intervention.
Results: The mobile phone addiction score of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.001). The cognitive tendency score and mental wellbeing score of the experimental group was significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Mindfulness-based mental health education therapy effectively alleviates teenagers’ mobile phone addiction and improves their cognitive tendencies and mental health. This approach serves as a valuable reference for effectively preventing and managing mobile phone addiction among teenagers.
Women Participation in Health Research of Iran: Analysis of Challenges and Strategies with Literature of Review
Authors: Vahid-Dastjerdi Marzieh , Mazahery Maryam , Ahmadi Batoul , Atoofi Mehrdad Kazemzadeh , Kompani Farzad , Rezaei Nazila , Moghaddam Sahar Saeedi , Djalalinia Shirin
Published: December 2023

Background: Recent evidence provides the facts behind the perceptions about women researchers participating in health research (HR). Women scientists as almost half of active researchers in HR fields have important and fundamental role. The present study aimed to analyses the situation of women participation in HR of Iran.
Methods: The present study comprised three complementary phases intended to identify and analysis challenges and problems of women participation in health research in Iran (2021-22). Following a review phase, using the content analysis approach through semi-structured interviews data gathered from key stakeholders of health research. At final step, aimed to aggregate and conclude the main key findings, through an expert panel all of the results analyzed to clarify the main messages of the study, focus on reflection to the target group.
Results: The results reveal considerable gender differences in research contribution between Iranian men and women. The need for legal infrastructure and support for the active participation of women in HR was the main extracted point of study. The need for transparent documentation and implementation of related research that demonstrates the necessary challenges and gaps was another major point.
Conclusion: Findings may help illuminate policy makings to promote participation of women in the country research. The optimal management of HR require facilities can play an important role in improving the quality and quantity of health studies and achieving scientific competitive positions at the regional and global levels.
Treatment and Family Involvement for Young Children with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: An Experimental Study
Authors: Khenavandi Zeynab Amini
Published: December 2023

The Article Abstract is not available.
Is Practicing Indoor Physical Activity Safe? Consideration of Exposure to PM2.5
Authors: Choi Seoyoon , Chae Byeongmin , Yang Hwigyeom , Lee Do Gyun
Published: December 2023

The Article Abstract is not available.