bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Groundwater origin, flow regime and geochemical evolution in arid
endorheic watersheds: a case study from the Qaidam Basin,
Northwest China
Authors: Xiao Yong , Shao Jingli , Frape Shaun K. , Cui Yali , Dang Xueya , Wang Shengbin , Ji Yonghong
Published: November 2017

Abstract. Groundwater origin, flow and geochemical evolution in the Golmud River watershed of the Qaidam Basin was assessed using hydrogeochemical, isotopic and numerical approaches. Results show groundwater in the basin originates from precipitation and melt water in the mountainous areas of the Tibetan Plateau. Modern water was found in the alluvial fan and shallow aquifers of the loess plain. Deep confined groundwater was recharged by paleo-water during the late Pleistocene and Holocene under a cold climate. Groundwater in the low-lying depression of the central basin is composed of paleo-brines migrated from the western part of the basin due to tectonic uplift in the geological past. Groundwater chemistry is controlled by water-rock interaction and evaporation-salt precipitation, and varies from fresh to brine with the water types evolving from HCO3·Cl-Ca·Mg·Na to Cl-Na, Cl-K-Na and Cl-Mg type waters along the flow path. The groundwater flow pattern is closely related to stratigraphic control and lithological distribution. Three hierarchical groundwater flow systems, namely local, intermediate and regional, were identified using numerical modelling. The quantity of water discharge from these three systems accounts for 82.69 %, 14.26 % and 3.05 %, respectively, of the total groundwater quantity of the watershed. This study can enhance the understanding of groundwater origin, circulation and evolution in the Qaidam Basin as well as other arid endorheic watersheds in northwest China and elsewhere worldwide.
Diferencias de sexo en el uso de estrategias de afrontamiento en personas con lesión medular
Authors: Torregrosa-Ruiz Manuela , Tomás-Miguel José Manuel
Published: November 2017

Objetivo: profundizar en la experiencia de afrontamiento en personas con lesión medular (LM), teniendo en cuenta tanto el afron- tamiento actual como el afrontamiento durante momentos iniciales tras sufrir la LM. Materiales y métodos: estudio transversal de encuesta. Participaron 127 personas con LM de larga evolución, 95 hombres y 32 mujeres. Los datos fueron recogidos por medio de un cuestionario online con información sociodemográfica y el Cuestionario de Afrontamiento del Estrés (CAE). Se han realizado análisis descriptivos, pruebas t de Student y análisis multivariados de la varianza (Manovas) Resultados: las comparaciones intrasujetos muestran que la estrategia de focalización en solución de problemas se usa más en el afrontamiento actual. La autofocalización negativa es más utilizada en el afrontamiento pasado, en los momentos iniciales tras sufrir la LM. Los resultados de los Manovas muestran que no existen diferencias en función del sexo en el afrontamiento rememorado ni en el actual. Los Anova de seguimiento para el afrontamiento actual evidencian que las mujeres utilizan más las estrategias de búsqueda de apoyo social y expresión emocional abierta. Conclusiones: no hay diferencias de sexo en el uso de las estrategias de afrontamiento en la LM. Se sugiere seguir investigando cómo el género puede actuar en este proceso.
Problems of Public Accountability in Village Government Business Management (Study on Village Business Enterprises in Banyumas, Indonesia)
Authors: Kurniasih Denok , Setyoko Paulus Israwan , Imron Moh.
Published: November 2017

The modern government is required to be able to run the business for the social welfare improvement. By utilizing public funds for business, public accountability mechanisms must be well-executed. The Indonesian Government is currently actively encouraging the village government to develop the business based on local potency. However, with various limitations, the process of managing the Village Owned Enterprise has not been accompanied by adequate public accountability. Therefore this paper discusses the problematic of carrying out public accountability mechanisms at the village level. The phenomenon of public accountability deficit can be seen from the vertical and horizontal dimensions. Through quantitative and qualitative research, the results show that business management in village government has not been accompanied by adequate public accountability. Responsibility mechanisms conducted either vertically, or horizontally have not run optimally. headman still dominates the village government, as a result the spirit of corporation in the management of the village business can not be realized. Therefore, in the future, accountability mechanisms in managing the Village Government Business should be directed towards optimizing the role of stakeholders through a governance approach. Through this approach, it is expected that public accountability will lead to the involvement of all stakeholders in the management of public wealth.
Preliminary remarks on the nominal phrase in Cape Verdean: The semantics of bare nouns cross-linguistically
Authors: Pires de Oliveira Roberta , Martins Jair
Published: November 2017

In this paper, we offer some preliminary remarks on the syntax-semantics of the nominal system in Cape Verdean (CV) in comparison to English, with the aim of having a better understanding of Number Neutral Languages (Chierchia 2010; 2015). In CV, there are no bare plurals; the plural morpheme is attached to the definite or indefinite articles, which are not obligatory, and are ungrammatical with quantifiers. Thus, CV is not a Number Marking Language. However, it is not a Bare Language, since it distinguishes between mass nouns and count nouns, and numbers combine directly with count nouns. We argue that CV is number neutral. We claim that Baptista & Guéron’s (2007) proposal of a null determiner cannot fully explain the data presented in this paper. We advance the hypothesis that Number Neutral Languages do not select for predicates or kinds, but they are rule-governed by grammar. In argument position, bare nouns denote the kind directly, as in Mandarin, and in the scope of a determiner, they denote the predicate. The only covert operator is the iota. We propose that CV noun phrase has no number projection. The determiner selects for singular or plural, which is then a presupposition of the determiner. This approach predicts that occurrences of bare plural phrases in CV are very restricted. We aim to provide a better understanding of the nominal system in CV, a language under-represented in the literature, as a way to contribute to analyses of nominal grammars cross-linguistically.
Academic Integrity of Graduate Online Students in a Curriculum and Instruction Program
Authors: Larkin Charlotte , Szabo Susan , Mintu-Wimsatt Alma
Published: November 2017

With the continued growth of online courses, the academic integrity of students has received much attention. While cheating is certainly not a new phenomenon, the role of technology in the learning environment has mitigated the effectiveness of traditional preventative measures to maintain academic integrity. This research seeks to examine perceptions of cheating among online graduate students enrolled in a Curriculum and Instruction (C&I) program. We found that in general, students believe that cheating is more prevalent and more likely to occur in an online learning platform. Moreover, despite students’ awareness of university policies and consequences, this has not deterred some from cheating. However, it appears that faculty engagement in setting parameters for what constitutes cheating is important.
The Social Accountability Report within the Chambers of Commerce: Theory, Procedure and Empirical Evidence
Authors: Comite Ubaldo , Oliva Nadia
Published: November 2017

In Italy, many companies and central and local public administration offices, including the Chambers of Commerce, are turning to new forms of accounting of their results. Amongst these, the social accountability report definitely represents an innovative tool; an innovation intended to guarantee compliance with the principles of accountability and social control, that are growing strong within the wider process of transparency and accessibility of management data, as well as the use of the resources, which involves the whole Public Administration. The social accountability report is presented as a non-accounting tool meant to spread a systemic and structured vision of the activities carried out and of the results obtained by the administration in reference to the period of the ending mandate. The aim of the work is to examine in depth the issue of social reporting in the Chambers of Commerce, referring in particular to the social accountability report, highlighting its potential and its criticalities through a theoretical, empirical and methodological analysis. By using the empirical analysis, we are going to show, first of all, the composition and the territorial distribution of social reporting in the Chambers of Commerce between 1999 and 2016. By offering, later on, a case study, such as the social accountability report of the Chamber of Commerce of Treviso, we will show how the experiences of the Chambers of commerce relating to social reporting are so heterogeneous that the several reports produced often show some significant peculiarities on a structural level. In the knowledge that such heterogeneity represents, however, a methodological enhancement, the work will later show a standard social accountability report for the Chambers of Commerce that is a result of the adaptation and reasoned integration of the contents of the social accountability reports produced by the Chambers of Commerce so far.
Hepato-protective Effect of Clove Bud Polyphenols (Syzygium aromaticum L.) (Clovinol®) by Modulating Alcohol Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation
Authors: Jose Svenia P. , Ratheesh M. , Asha S. , Krishnakumar IM. , Sandya S. , Girish Kumar B.
Published: November 2017

The pathogenesis of alcoholic liver diseases progresses from fatty liver to hepatic inflammation and necrosis to fibrosis. Clove buds (Syzygium aromaticum L.) are one of the richest sources of dietary polyphenols with many traditional medicinal uses. Hence, the present work attempted to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of a standardized polyphenol-rich extract of clove buds (Clovinol). The experiment was conducted on Wistar rats designated into three groups. First group was vehicle control and hepatotoxicity was induced to the second group by the administration of ethanol at the fixed dose of 12.5 g/kg body wt., orally for 30 days. Clovinol (100 mg/kg body wt.) was co-administered with ethanol in the third group. The liver toxicity was assessed by the estimation of liver marker enzymes in addition to which, assays of antioxidant enzymes, inflammatory markers, and liver histopathology studies were also conducted. Ethanol treatment significantly increased (p<0.05) liver function markers (SGOT and SGPT) and reduced (p<0.05) the antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GPx) and GSH. It also increased the WBC count, inflammatory markers (nitrite, CRP, COX-2, IL-6 and TNF-α) and lipid peroxidation, significantly (p<0.05). Supplementation of Clovinol showed significant (p<0.05) reversal of all these biochemical and molecular variables indicating the efficacy of Clovinol in the downregulation of alcohol-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory changes, bringing about a significant reduction in the associated liver pathology. To summarize, we found that Clovinol could be a potential functional ingredient for liver health.
Wat onder de oppervlakte bleef in de rechtspraak rond AkzoNobel
Authors: Eikelboom F.
Published: November 2017

Wat onder de oppervlakte bleef in de rechtspraak rond AkzoNobel

Deze bijdrage bespreekt en geeft relevante achtergronden over de beschikking van de voorzieningenrechter op het verzoek van Elliott om een machtiging om een algemene vergadering van AkzoNobel bijeen te roepen. Centraal staan de vragen hoe zo’n verzoek moet worden getoetst en hoeveel beslissingsruimte de voorzieningenrechter daarbij heeft.
Activity and Quality of Life after Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Świtoń Anna , Wodka-Natkaniec Ewa , Niedźwiedzki Łukasz , Gaździk Tadeusz , Niedźwiedzki Tadeusz
Published: November 2017

Background. Coxarthrosis is a chronic musculoskeletal condition that causes severe pain and considerable limi­tation of the patient’s motor performance. Total hip arthroplasty is one of the most common and effective methods used in the treatment of advanced degenerative changes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the activity and quality of life of patients after unilateral total hip arthroplasty.
Material and methods. The study was conducted in a group of 189 patients who had undergone unilateral total hip arthroplasty. Goniometry was used to determine the range of motion of both hip joints. Patients’ physical ability and pain severity were assessed based on the Harris Hip Score (HHS) questionnaire.
Results. The examination of the range of motion in the lower extremities revealed statistically significant diffe­rences in flexion (p<0.01), abduction (p=<0.01), adduction (p<0.01) and external rotation (p<0.01) between the operated and the healthy extremity. The greatest limitation of motion was demonstrated for external rotation (<14°). Approximately 14% of the patients were not able to perform this motion in their healthy hip joint, while 17.5% of them could not do so in the affected hip joint. Analysis of HHS results (mean = 79 pts) revealed that more than 50% of the patients described their functional ability and quality of life as good and excellent. It was demonstrated that 54% of patients did not suffer from pain, whereas minor or mild pain was noted in 35%.
Conclusions: 1. A subjective clinical assessment of patients after total hip arthroplasty showed that their quality of life had improved. 2. It is necessary to perform physiotherapy after total hip arthroplasty, on both the operated and healthy side. 3. Exacerbation of pain and impaired activity in patients after total hip arthroplasty were associated with the female sex to a considerable extent.
Iliac Fascia Compartment Block and Analgesic Consumption in Patients Operated on for Hip Fracture
Authors: Klukowski Mateusz , Kowalczyk Rafał , Górniewski Grzegorz , Łęgosz Paweł , Janiak Marek , Trzebicki Janusz
Published: November 2017

Background. Fractures of the proximal femur in elderly patients are a challenge for orthopedics, anesthe­sio­logy and geriatrics. Early mobilization reduces postoperative mortality among these patients. Effective anal­gesia is necessary to achieve this goal.
Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of perioperative medical records of 78. patients undergoing surgical treatment of proximal femur fractures was performed. Group 1 (n=35)consisted of patients who were treated with pharmacologic analgesia only (systemic analgesics) and Group 2 (n=43) involved patients who re­ceived a preoperative fascia iliaca compartment block (FICB) and pharmacologic analgesia. FICB was per­formed under ultrasound guidance, and systemic analgesics were administered according to a standardized pro­to­col. Demographics, anesthesia and operation data as well as the dosage of analgesics used on postoperative day 0 were collected for the study.
Results. Patients with antecedent iliac fascia blockade required fewer analgesic interventions (3 vs. 11, p <0.0001) and showed significantly less need for analgesics than non-block patients. No complications were observed after performing FICB.
Conclusion. The iliac fascia compartment block produces effective postoperative analgesia and reduces postoperative opioid consumption.
Easy and Fast Method for the Determination of Biogenic Amines in Fish and Fish Products with Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Orbitrap Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Kaufmann Anton , Maden Kathryn
Published: November 2017

A quantitative method for the determination of biogenic amines was developed. The method is characterized by the virtual absence of sample cleanup and does not require a derivatization reaction. Diluted extracts are centrifuged, filtrated, and directly injected into an ultra-HPLC column, which is coupled to a single-stage high-resolution mass spectrometer (Orbitrap). The chromatography is based on a reversed-phase column and an eluent containing an ion-pairing agent (heptafluorobutyric acid). The high sensitivity of the instrument permits the injection of very diluted extracts, which ensures stable retention times and the virtual absence of signal suppression effects. In addition, the quantification of histamine (a regulated compound) is further aided by the use of an isotopically labeled internal standard. The method was validated for three fish-based matrixes. Both the sample processing and the analytical measurement are very fast; hence, the methodology is ideal for high-throughput work. In addition, the method is significantly more selective than conventional methods (i.e., derivatization followed by LC with UV/fluorescence (FL) detection) for biogenic amines. A comparison showed that LC–UV/FL methods can produce false-positive findings due to coeluting matrix compounds.
EVIDÊNCIAS DE PEDOGÊNESE ALÓCTONE SOBRE ARENITOS BOTUCATU NO SUDOESTE GAÚCHO
Authors: Medeiros Edgardo Ramos , Pedron Fabrício De Araújo , Sccoti Anderson Augusto Volpato
Published: November 2017

The southwestern region of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) is characterized by large portions of sandy soils that have high environmental vulnerability, due to their low fertility and high susceptibility to erosion. Some of these soils have increased clay, suggesting allochtonous pedogenesis. In this case, the aims of this study were to determine evidence of allochtonous pedogenesis on sandstones Botucatu Formation in the southwestern region of the RS. A profile of Argissolo Vermelho and other of Neossolos Quartzarênico were analyzed, both formed on quartz sandstones of the Botucatu formation. Through morphological, physical, chemical and mineralogical analysis was possible to verify the process of allochthonous pedogenesis by higher clay content in the B horizon of the Argissolo profile and confirmed by the absence of clay forming minerals in the rock and in the presence of ilmenite in the pedogenetic horizons and its absence in the rock matrix. The environmental conditions suggest that the ilmenite originates from alteration of the surrounding volcanic rocks.
Eficácia de anti-helmínticos em equinos da raça Crioula no município de Major Vieira/SC
Authors: Godéski Alessandra , Pedrassani Daniela , Szczerbowski Carlos Ricardo
Published: November 2017

O parasitismo gastrintestinal, responsável por grandes prejuízos econômicos na criação de equinos, é rotineiramente tratado com o uso de anti-helmínticos. Devido aos tratamentos frequentes e nem sempre adequados, a resistência dos parasitos a estes produtos vem sendo observada. Tendo em vista a carência de informações relacionadas aos tratamentos anti-helmínticos em rebanhos de equinos no estado de Santa Catarina, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficácia de anti-helmínticos no controle de parasitos gastrintestinais de equinos da raça Crioula e verificar alterações hematológicas ocasionadas por estes parasitos. Para isso, foram selecionados 18 animais, divididos em três grupos de seis, com média de ovos por grama de fezes (OPG) similar, que foram tratados oralmente com: Grupo 1 – ivermectina 0,2 mg/kg, Grupo 2 – moxidectina 0,4 mg/kg e Grupo 3 – abamectina 0,2 mg/kg. Amostras fecais foram coletadas e analisadas pelo método de Gordon e Whitlock modificado seguido de coproculturas e a eficácia foi calculada no programa Reso FECRT. Amostras de sangue foram analisadas com o objetivo de detectar alterações devido à carga parasitária; assim, os parâmetros hematológicos foram correlacionados com o OPG (correlação de Pearson). Após de sete dias de tratamento foi obtido 99% de eficácia para a ivermectina e 89% para moxidectina e para a abamectina. Depois de 14 e 21 dias do tratamento, todos os produtos apresentaram 100% de eficácia. As coproculturas evidenciaram que o parasitismo era quase totalmente por nematódeos da subfamília Cyathostominae e, embora os equinos estivessem parasitados, os parâmetros hematológicos estavam normais para a espécie. Conclui-se que os parasitos envolvidos apresentaram alta sensibilidade aos princípios ativos testados.
Clarinet (CLA-1), a novel active zone protein required for synaptic vesicle clustering and release
Authors: Xuan Zhao , Manning Laura , Nelson Jessica , Richmond Janet E , Colón-Ramos Daniel A , Shen Kang , Kurshan Peri T
Published: November 2017

Active zone proteins cluster synaptic vesicles at presynaptic terminals and coordinate their release. In forward genetic screens, we isolated a novel Caenorhabditis elegans active zone gene, clarinet (cla-1). cla-1 mutants exhibit defects in synaptic vesicle clustering, active zone structure and synapse number. As a result, they have reduced spontaneous vesicle release and increased synaptic depression. cla-1 mutants show defects in vesicle distribution near the presynaptic dense projection, with fewer undocked vesicles contacting the dense projection and more docked vesicles at the plasma membrane. cla-1 encodes three isoforms containing common C-terminal PDZ and C2 domains with homology to vertebrate active zone proteins Piccolo and RIM. The C-termini of all isoforms localize to the active zone. Specific loss of the ~9000 amino acid long isoform results in vesicle clustering defects and increased synaptic depression. Our data indicate that specific isoforms of clarinet serve distinct functions, regulating synapse development, vesicle clustering and release.
HIRMEOS – High Integration of Research Monographs in the European Open Science infrastructure
Authors: Bertino Andrea
Published: November 2017

Open Access has matured for journals, but open access uptake in the book market is still delayed, despite the fact that books continue to be the leading publishing format for qualitative social sciences and humanities. HIRMEOS, High Integration of Research Monographs in the European Open Science infrastructure, is a 30-month EU-funded project and tackles the main obstacles of the full integration of important platforms supporting open access monographs and their contents.HIRMEOS will work on innovative services on identification, entities recognition, annotation, and altmetrics, using when possible common standards. These standards are well established in journal publishing, however not common enough yet in book publishing to pave the way for deeper linking of book and journal content or crosslinking of references, entities or usage. HIRMEOS is based upon 5 Open Access book-publishing platforms, OpenEdition Books, OAPEN Library, EKT Open Book Press, Ubiquity Press and Göttingen University Press. During the run of the project these platforms integrate tools for identification, authentication and interoperability (DOI, ORCID, Fundref), for additional information and entity extraction (INRIA (N)ERD), the ability to annotate monographs (Hypothes.is), and gather usage and alternative metric data. HIRMEOS will also enrich the technical capacities of the Directory of Open Access Books (DOAB), a most significant indexing service for open access monographs globally, to receive automated information for ingestion, while it will also develop a structured certification system to document monograph peer-review. The project consortium will develop shared minimum standards for their monograph publications, such that allow the full embedding of technologies and content in the European Science Cloud. Finally, the project will have a catalyst effect in including more disciplines into the Open Science paradigm, widening its boundaries towards the SSH.The poster will give facts and figures aboutthe involved platforms and their catalogues,the types of services to be implemented and the used standards,the expected benefit for the Social Sciences and Humanities playersthe global benefits for the Open Science environment
How commercial publishers play a role in developing a sustainable model for Open Access publishing
Authors: Ryste Marte Ericsson , Stieglitz Katia , Aase Simon
Published: November 2017

One of the objectives of the open access movement has been to upend the traditional model for scholarly publishing by making research findings freely available to anyone, anywhere. The trend emerged partly in response to the major publishing houses having become the gatekeepers of the dissemination of research findings and setting high prices for access to this material via subscriptions to scholarly journals.On the face of it, this state of affairs suggests that commercial actors have no place in the realm of open access publishing. However, an argument can be made to the effect that commercial companies have a part to play in transforming the way scientific publication works and contribute to making research freely available. Having numerous interested parties in the OA domain may contribute towards making research accessible, leading to a general increase in innovation. This is necessary in a field that by and large is in its infancy, technologically, politically and economically. An OA initiative that is part of a profit-driven organization does not preclude it from contributing to a sustainable publishing model, and a commercial approach is not necessarily incompatible with the principles.  In this poster we offer NOASP as an example, and part of the wider context of commercial open access publishing. Nordic Open Access Scholarly Publishing is an open access publisher of scholarly journals and books in Scandinavia and a subdivision of Cappelen Damm Akademisk. NOASP was established in 2015 – and continues to grow.  In our experience, meeting the very specific criteria for Open Access publishing requires substantial investments in technology and human resources. Publishers who choose to establish themselves in this niche area must have a long-term strategy and develop specific expertise. Competition between publishing houses and other actors provides incentives for staying abreast of new requirements and standards, technology and infrastructure. These strategic and economic factors directly and positively impact the quality of journals and publishing solutions, and ultimately contribute to innovation in the field. The economics of commercial publishing, by heightening competition between the services publishers provide, therefore leads to improvement of both technical platforms and editorial practices. In turn, this leads to higher quality of the end product and broader distribution of the freely available research, which should ultimately be the goal of the OA movement.
Genome-wide survey of single-nucleotide polymorphisms reveals fine-scale population structure and signs of selection in the threatened Caribbean elkhorn coral,Acropora palmata
Authors: Devlin-Durante Meghann K. , Baums Iliana B.
Published: November 2017

The advent of next-generation sequencing tools has made it possible to conduct fine-scale surveys of population differentiation and genome-wide scans for signatures of selection in non-model organisms. Such surveys are of particular importance in sharply declining coral species, since knowledge of population boundaries and signs of local adaptation can inform restoration and conservation efforts. Here, we use genome-wide surveys of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the threatened Caribbean elkhorn coral,Acropora palmata, to reveal fine-scale population structure and infer the major barrier to gene flow that separates the eastern and western Caribbean populations between the Bahamas and Puerto Rico. The exact location of this break had been subject to discussion because two previous studies based on microsatellite data had come to differing conclusions. We investigate this contradiction by analyzing an extended set of 11 microsatellite markers including the five previously employed and discovered that one of the original microsatellite loci is apparently under selection. Exclusion of this locus reconciles the results from the SNP and the microsatellite datasets. Scans for outlier loci in the SNP data detected 13 candidate loci under positive selection, however there was no correlation between available environmental parameters and genetic distance. Together, these results suggest that reef restoration efforts should use local sources and utilize existing functional variation among geographic regions inex situcrossing experiments to improve stress resistance of this species.
Diversity of bacterial communities on the facial skin of different age-group Thai males
Authors: Wilantho Alisa , Deekaew Pamornya , Srisuttiyakorn Chutika , Tongsima Sissades , Somboonna Naraporn
Published: November 2017

Background

Skin microbiome varies from person to person due to a combination of various factors, including age, biogeography, sex, cosmetics and genetics. Many skin disorders appear to be related to the resident microflora, yet databases of facial skin microbiome of many biogeographies, including Thai, are limited.

Methods

Metagenomics derived B-RISA and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was utilized to identify the culture-independent bacterial diversity on Thai male faces (cheek and forehead areas). Skin samples were categorized (grouped) into (i) normal (teenage.hea) and (ii) acne-prone (teenage.acn) young adults, and normal (iii) middle-aged (middle.hea) and (iv) elderly (elderly.hea) adults.

Results

The 16S rRNA gene sequencing was successful as the sequencing depth had an estimated >98% genus coverage of the true community. The major diversity was found between the young and elderly adults in both cheek and forehead areas, followed by that between normal and acne young adults. Detection of representative characteristics indicated that bacteria from the order Rhizobiales, generaSphingomonasandPseudoalteromonas, distinguished theelderly.heamicrobiota, along the clinical features of wrinkles and pores. Prediction of the metabolic potential revealed reduced metabolic pathways involved in replication and repair, nucleotide metabolism and genetic translation in theelderly.heacompared with that in theteenage.hea. For young adults, some unique compositions such as abundance ofPropionibacterium acnesandStaphylococcus epidermidis, with a minor diversity between normal and acne skins, were detected. The metabolic potentials of the acne vs. normal young adults showed thatteenage.acnwas low in many cellular processes (e.g., cell motility and environmental adaptation), but high in carbohydrate metabolism, which could support acne growth. Moreover, comparison with the age-matched males from the US (Boulder, Colorado) to gain insight into the diversity across national biogeography, revealed differences in the distribution pattern of species, although common bacteria were present in both biogeographical samples. Furthermore, B-RISA served as a crosscheck result to the 16S rRNA gene sequencing (i.e., differences between teenage and elderly microbiota).

Conclusions

This study revealed and compared the microbial diversity on different aged Thai male faces, and included analyses for representing the bacterial flora, the clinical skin characteristics, and comparison with the US age-matched. The results represent the first skin microbiota of Thai males, and helps the design of a large-scale skin microbiome study of Thais. The findings of the diversity among ages, skin type and national biogeography supported the importance of these traits in the skin microbiome and in developing a safe and sustainable treatment for acne and aging skin diseases.
Análisis de la publicidad relacionada con la salud en la radio española
Authors:   Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (España), PERELLÓ SALVADOR , MUELA CLARA ,   Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (España)
Published: November 2017

Los dos principales objetivos de este estudio son identificar los reclamos engañosos en la publicidad de productos relacionados con la salud y cuantificar la presencia de mensajes que proponen beneficios saludables. Para su consecución, se llevó a cabo un análisis del contenido de 430 cuñas publicitarias emitidas en la radio española a partir de un marco de codificación basado en la normativa nacional sobre la publicidad de productos con pretendida finalidad sanitaria. Los resultados de la investigación muestran que las cuñas con reclamos engañosos relacionados con la salud suponen el 15,81% del total de anuncios emitidos por radio y que la categoría de salud representa el 69.09% de las alegaciones ilícitas. El trabajo de investigación revela las limitaciones y contradicciones del sistema de supervisión y evaluación de la publicidad engañosa en España.
Mentalidad salvaje y representación poscolonial en el periodismo colombiano
Authors:   Université de la Polinésie Francaise, ALI MAURIZIO , AMÓRTEGUI DAVID MIGUEL ,   Universidad Santo Tomás (Colombia)
Published: November 2017

La lógica de la dominación hegemónica establecida en Colombia y América Latina después de la Conquista está basada en un esquema elitista de poder. Usando la perspectiva del sociólogo italiano Vilfredo Pareto, estas élites pueden ser clasificadas en “leones” o “zorros”. Los primeros usan fuerza y violencia (la combinación de Weber) para imponer su soberanía; los segundos, persuasión y mascarada (herrschaft): la propaganda. Este poder está basado en una legitimidad más estable y es capaz de transformarse a sí mismo en una realidad de efecto “Matrix”. Este artículo expone el panorama de los medios comunitarios con una perspectiva étnica en Colombia, que se espera que funcione como un proceso para facilitar la creación de vínculos sociales basados en el diálogo, la reconciliación, el respeto y la participación, actuando como organismo de control del poder económico y político, informando sobre la injusticia en busca de una solución de paz en la región
Indagaciones interculturales sobre orígenes y religiones en el humor periodístico
Authors:   Universidad CEU-Cardenal Herrera (España), ISRAEL ESTRELLA , POU MARIA JOSE ,   Universidad CEU-Cardenal Herrera (España)
Published: November 2017

El humor periodístico -las denominadas viñetas de prensa- constituye uno de los más peculiares géneros periodísticos de opinión. Su componente gráfico, el habitual uso del humor y la apertura a la libre interpretación le proporcionan un carácter singular con un alto grado de eficacia persuasiva. El objetivo de este artículo es procesar esta modalidad comunicativa en relación con las distorsiones interculturales. Este estudio explora los elementos de análisis aplicables en el ámbito de la representación de la diferencia: las variables “origen”, vinculada con la inmigración, y la denominada “religión” presentan usos contrapuestos cuando ponen el acento en los estereotipos y pierden la dimensión social
How Do Tides and Tsunamis Interact in a Highly Energetic Channel? The Case of Canal Chacao, Chile
Authors: Winckler Patricio , Sepúlveda Ignacio , Aron Felipe , Contreras‐López Manuel
Published: November 2017

This study aims at understanding the role of tidal level, speed, and direction in tsunami propagation in highly energetic tidal channels. The main goal is to comprehend whether tide‐tsunami interactions enhance/reduce elevation, currents speeds, and arrival times, when compared to pure tsunami models and to simulations in which tides and tsunamis are linearly superimposed. We designed various numerical experiments to compute the tsunami propagation along Canal Chacao, a highly energetic channel in the Chilean Patagonia lying on a subduction margin prone to megathrust earthquakes. Three modeling approaches were implemented under the same seismic scenario: a tsunami model with a constant tide level, a series of six composite models in which independent tide and tsunami simulations are linearly superimposed, and a series of six tide‐tsunami nonlinear interaction models (full models). We found that hydrodynamic patterns differ significantly among approaches, being the composite and full models sensitive to both the tidal phase at which the tsunami is triggered and the local depth of the channel. When compared to full models, composite models adequately predicted the maximum surface elevation, but largely overestimated currents. The amplitude and arrival time of the tsunami‐leading wave computed with the full model was found to be strongly dependent on the direction of the tidal current and less responsive to the tide level and the tidal current speed. These outcomes emphasize the importance of addressing more carefully the interactions of tides and tsunamis on hazard assessment studies.
Water Soluble Organic Nitrogen (WSON) in Ambient Fine Particles Over a Megacity in South China: Spatiotemporal Variations and Source Apportionment
Authors: Yu Xu , Yu Qingqing , Zhu Ming , Tang Mingjin , Li Sheng , Yang Weiqiang , Zhang Yanli , Deng Wei , Li Guanghui , Yu Yuegang , Huang Zhonghui , Song Wei , Ding Xiang , Hu Qihou , Li Jun , Bi Xinhui , Wang Xinming
Published: November 2017

Organic nitrogen aerosols are complex mixtures and important compositions in ambient fine particulate matters (PM2.5), yet their sources and spatiotemporal patterns are not well understood particularly in regions influenced by intensive human activities. In this study, filter‐based ambient PM2.5 samples at four stations (one urban, two rural, plus one urban roadside) and PM samples from combustion sources (vehicle exhaust, ship emission, and biomass burning) were collected in the coastal megacity Guangzhou, south China, for determining water soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) along with other organic and inorganic species. The annual average WSON concentrations, as well as the ratios of WSON to water soluble total nitrogen, were all significantly higher at rural sites than urban sites. Average WSON concentrations at the four sites during the wet season were quite near each other, ranging from 0.41 to 0.49 μg/m3; however, they became 2 times higher at the rural sites than at the urban sites during the dry season. Five major sources for WSON were identified through positive matrix factorization analysis. Vehicle emission (29.3%), biomass burning (22.8%), and secondary formation (20.2%) were three dominant sources of WSON at the urban station, while vehicle emission (45.4%) and dust (28.6%) were two dominant sources at the urban roadside station. At the two rural sites biomass burning (51.1% and 34.1%, respectively) and secondary formation (17.8% and 30.5%, respectively) were dominant sources of WSON. Ship emission contributed 8–12% of WSON at the four sites. Natural vegetation seemed to have very minor contribution to WSON.
Investigation of Charon's Craters With Abrupt Terminus Ejecta, Comparisons With Other Icy Bodies, and Formation Implications
Authors: Robbins Stuart J. , Runyon Kirby , Singer Kelsi N. , Bray Veronica J. , Beyer Ross A. , Schenk Paul , McKinnon William B. , Grundy William M. , Nimmo Francis , Moore Jeffrey M. , Spencer John R. , White Oliver L. , Binzel Richard P. , Buie Marc W. , Buratti Bonnie J. , Cheng Andrew F. , Linscott Ivan R. , Reitsema Harold J. , Reuter Dennis C. , Showalter Mark R. , Tyler G. Len , Young Leslie A. , Olkin Catherine B. , Ennico Kimberly S. , Weaver Harold A. , Stern S. Alan
Published: November 2017

On the moon and other airless bodies, ballistically emplaced ejecta transitions from a thinning, continuous inner deposit to become discontinuous beyond approximately one crater radius from the crater rim and can further break into discrete rays and secondary craters. In contrast, on Mars, ejecta often form continuous, distinct, and sometimes thick deposits that transition to a low ridge or escarpment that may be circular or lobate. The Martian ejecta type has been variously termed pancake, rampart, lobate, or layered, and in this work we refer to it as “abrupt termini” ejecta (ATE). Two main formation mechanisms have been proposed, one requiring interaction of the ejecta with the atmosphere and the other mobilization of near‐surface volatiles. ATE morphologies are also unambiguously seen on Ganymede, Europa, Dione, and Tethys, but they are not as common as on Mars. We have identified up to 38 craters on Charon that show signs of ATE, including possible distal ramparts and lobate margins. These ejecta show morphologic and morphometric similarities with other moons in the solar system, which are a subset of the properties observed on Mars. From comparison of these ejecta on Charon and other solar system bodies, we find the strongest support for subsurface volatile mobilization and ejecta fluidization as the main formation mechanism for the ATE, at least on airless, icy worlds. This conclusion comes from the bodies on which they are found, an apparent preference for certain terrains, and the observation that craters with ATE can be near to similarly sized craters that only have gradational ejecta.
A putative RNA binding protein from Plasmodium vivax apicoplast
Authors: García‐Mauriño Sofía M. , Díaz‐Quintana Antonio , Rivero‐Rodríguez Francisco , Cruz‐Gallardo Isabel , Grüttner Christian , Hernández‐Vellisca Marian , Díaz‐Moreno Irene
Published: November 2017

Malaria is caused by Apicomplexa protozoans from the Plasmodium genus entering the bloodstream of humans and animals through the bite of the female mosquitoes. The annotation of the Plasmodium vivax genome revealed a putative RNA binding protein (apiRBP) that was predicted to be trafficked into the apicoplast, a plastid organelle unique to Apicomplexa protozoans. Although a 3D structural model of the apiRBP corresponds to a noncanonical RNA recognition motif with an additional C‐terminal α‐helix (α3), preliminary protein production trials were nevertheless unsuccessful. Theoretical solvation analysis of the apiRBP model highlighted an exposed hydrophobic region clustering α3. Hence, we used a C‐terminal GFP‐fused chimera to stabilize the highly insoluble apiRBP and determined its ability to bind U‐rich stretches of RNA. The affinity of apiRBP toward such RNAs is highly dependent on ionic strength, suggesting that the apiRBP–RNA complex is driven by electrostatic interactions. Altogether, apiRBP represents an attractive tool for apicoplast transcriptional studies and for antimalarial drug design.
Treating Early Undifferentiated Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Direct and Indirect Trial Evidence
Authors: Lopez‐Olivo Maria A. , Kakpovbia‐Eshareturi Voke , des Bordes Jude K. , Barbo Andrea , Christensen Robin , Suarez‐Almazor Maria E.
Published: November 2017

Objective

We undertook a systematic review and meta‐analysis of direct and indirect trial evidence to evaluate the efficacy of treatments for patients with undifferentiated arthritis (UA).

Methods

We searched 4 electronic databases from inception to January 2016, clinicaltrials.gov, and bibliographies of relevant articles. Two reviewers independently screened and evaluated the studies. The primary outcome was development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Results

Nine studies were included. Interventions included methotrexate, abatacept, infliximab, intraarticular or intramuscular glucocorticoids, and radiation synovectomy. Treating patients resulted in lower rates of RA at 12 months compared to placebo or no treatment (odds ratio [OR] 0.49 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.26, 0.90]). From direct meta‐analysis, patients treated with methotrexate were less likely to develop RA at 12 months compared to patients treated without methotrexate (OR 0.13 [95% CI 0.03, 0.48]). This difference was no longer significant at 30 or 60 months. From indirect comparisons, most interventions showed decreased risk of developing RA compared to placebo at 12 months, reaching statistical significance for methotrexate (OR 0.16 [95% CI 0.08, 0.33]) and intramuscular methylprednisolone (OR 0.72 [95% CI 0.53, 0.99]). Most individual interventions included a limited number of studies.

Conclusion

Treating patients with UA resulted in a statistically significant delay in the development of RA, with the largest effect observed for methotrexate. These findings suggest that there is a window of opportunity to treat patients with UA early, to delay subsequent progression to RA.
Thermalization of Isolated Bose‐Einstein Condensates by Dynamical Heat Bath Generation
Authors: Posazhennikova Anna , Trujillo‐Martinez Mauricio , Kroha Johann
Published: November 2017

If and how an isolated quantum system thermalizes despite its unitary time evolution is a long‐standing, open problem of many‐body physics. The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) postulates that thermalization happens at the level of individual eigenstates of a system's Hamiltonian. However, the ETH requires stringent conditions to be validated, and it does not address how the thermal state is reached dynamically from an initial non‐equilibrium state. We consider a Bose‐Einstein condensate (BEC) trapped in a double‐well potential with an initial population imbalance. We find that the system thermalizes although the initial conditions violate the ETH requirements. We identify three dynamical regimes. After an initial regime of undamped Josephson oscillations, the subsystem of incoherent excitations or quasiparticles (QP) becomes strongly coupled to the BEC subsystem by means of a dynamically generated, parametric resonance. When the energy stored in the QP system reaches its maximum, the number of QPs becomes effectively constant, and the system enters a quasi‐hydrodynamic regime where the two subsystems are weakly coupled. In this final regime the BEC acts as a grand‐canonical heat reservoir for the QP system (and vice versa), resulting in thermalization. We term this mechanism dynamical bath generation (DBG).
Anatomical Variations of the Human Cochlea Determined from Micro‐CT and High‐Resolution CT Imaging and Reconstruction
Authors: Tang Jie , Tang Xianglong , Li Zhenhua , Liu Yikang , Tan SongHua , Li Heng , Ke RongDan , Wang Zhi , Gong Li , Tang AnZhou
Published: November 2017

Understanding the anatomical variations in the human cochlea is important for cochlear implants. This study examined these variations using a reconstructed fusion model of the skull and temporal bone. The three‐dimensional (3D) digital model of the temporal bone was reconstructed from multiple axial micro‐computed tomography (CT) scans of temporal bone and high resolution CT of the skull from 15 cadavers. A skull model was reconstructed and merged with the reconstructed temporal bone. The 3D relationship between the cochlea and the skull's mid‐sagittal plane was analyzed. The α and β angles of the cochlear autogenous rotation and bottom position, respectively, further subdivided the cochlear spatial orientation. The relationship between the base of the cochlea and the round window was evaluated with the Φ angle. Cochlear size was measured and the relationship was statistically analyzed. Cochlear implant electrode arrays were observed in five cases of right‐temporal bone specimens. The α, β, and Φ angles were 46.01 ± 9.65, 56.79 ± 3.58, and 44.41 ± 7.23, respectively. The α angle varied greatly and was negatively correlated to the Φ angle (correlation coefficient = −0.211, P < 0.05). Among the five specimens, the α and Φ angle of the 2R and 4R cochlear specimens was lower and higher than the mean value, respectively. These measurements revealed variations in the size and position of the cochlea. Some of these variations may require surgical adjustments for insertion of electrodes with cochlear implants and present a greater challenge for implantation of cochlear electrode implantation. These data also provide a better understanding of variations in human cochlear anatomy. Anat Rec, 301:1086–1095, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.