bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contribution of the Refractive Index Fluctuations to the Length Noise in Displacement Interferometry
Authors: Holá Miroslava , Hrabina Jan , Sarbort Martin , Oulehla Jindrich , Cíp Ondrej , Lazar Josef
Published: October 2015

We report on investigations of how fast changes of the refractive index influence the uncertainty of interferometric displacement measurements. Measurement of position within a limited range is typical for precise positioning of coordinate measuring systems, such as nanometrology standards combined with scanning probe microscopy (SPM). The varying refractive index of air contributes significantly to the overall uncertainty; it plays a role especially in case of longer-range systems. In our experiments we have observed that its fast variations, seen as length noise, are not linearly proportional to the measuring beam path and play a significant role only over distances longer than 50 mm. Thus, we found that over longer distances the length noise rises proportionally. The measurements were performed under conditions typical for metrology SPM systems
State Aid for the Coal Sector in the European Union: Pre- and post-crisis perspective / Državna pomoč za premogovni sektor v Evropski uniji – pred- in pokrizna perspektiva
Authors: Podsiadło Piotr
Published: October 2015

This article presents the evolution of the conditions of state aid admissibility to the coal industry, starting with legal regulations within the European Coal and Steel Community, the European Community, and now the European Union. The thesis was formulated that, in connection with the expiry on 31 December 2010 of Council regulation No. 1407/2002, on the basis of which the European Commission allowed aid for the national mining industry in different member states in the period before the onset of the financial and economic crisis, the immediate cause of introduction of the next regulation for mining state aid in the form of Council Decision 2010/787/EU on state aid to facilitate the closure of uncompetitive coal mines was the increasing intensity of the aid for the mining industry in recent years.
Psychological and moral determinants in accepting cheating and plagiarism among university students in Poland
Authors: Chudzicka-Czupała Agata
Published: October 2015

The study investigates the psychological and moral acceptance of cheating and plagiarism among university students in Poland. A sample of 285 students participated. Results demonstrate that the locus of control, justice sensitivity, and some individual ethical philosophical dimensions are significant predictors for accepting dishonest behaviour. My research results support the basic theoretical arguments that point out the role of acceptable individual conditions for cheating and plagiarism. The research offers implications for the practice of moral awareness and for some possible training for university students.
Posttraumatic growth following the death of someone close – the role of temperament and resiliency
Authors: Ogińska-Bulik Nina
Published: October 2015

This study investigates the role that temperament and resiliency play in posttraumatic growth among people who have experienced the death of someone close. Seventy-four participants completed a series of questionnaires measuring posttraumatic growth, using the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, resiliency by the Resiliency Assessment Scale, and temperamental traits using the Formal Characteristics of Behaviour - Temperament Inventory. The respondents’ ages ranged from 21 to 74 years (M=38.4; SD=15.5), with 63.5% being women. Most participants had lost a parent - 37.8%. Results reveal that increased appreciation for life and improved relations with others are the most prevalent areas of posttraumatic growth.

Findings suggest that posttraumatic growth is more likely to be determined by resiliency defined as skills gained from coping with various difficult events rather than biologically determined temperamental traits.
Prejudice reduction in an educational setting. Practical outcomes from theoretical approaches
Authors: Wójcik Małgorzata , Popiołek Katarzyna
Published: October 2015

Our paper reviews research studies that have investigated interventions aimed at prejudice reduction. The theories and research results are summarized in the following categories: intergroup contact, social identity, and categorization. The intergroup contact approach inspired such techniques as contact hypothesis, jigsaw classroom, Pettigrew’s model, contact with transgression, and imagined intergroup contact hypothesis; while social identity gave the ground for common ingroup identity and crossed categorization theories. We place special emphasis on methods applicable for a school setting, and try to answer the questions: when, why and under which condition will a given method work.
Disrupt-Then-Reframe is in the Air: A French Replication and Refinement
Authors: Saint-Bauzel Roxane , Pelt Audrey , Barbier Laura , Fointiat Valérie
Published: October 2015

Initiated by Davis and Knowles (1999), the-disrupt-then-reframe technique is based on the linking of two moments in time. First of all, slipping an unexpected element into a communication situation that is likely to provoke a disruption in communication. Once this disruption has been achieved, proposing a target behaviour by insisting on the benefit that the individual could derive from it. We wanted to verify that this technique, effective in American, Dutch, and Polish contexts and naturally dependent on the culture of individuals and the communication norms which prevail there, could be effective in a French context. In accordance with the literature, our results show that when the two phases of the technique are linked, a greater persuasive effect is observed. A theoretically interesting way to interpret the effectiveness of the technique is proposed.
Global Science
Authors: Foley Jonathan
Published: October 2015

Photographs of a handful of the 46 million specimens in the archives of the California Academy of Sciences. Jonathan Foley argues that museums like the Academy have a responsibility to curate and preserve collections in order to document and understand the changing nature of life on Earth, and to help build the tools we need to ultimately sustain the wonderful creatures and ecosystems that share our planet.
Under the Desert Sun
Authors: Barcott Bruce
Published: October 2015

On a tour of the Ivanpah Solar Power Facility in California’s Mojave Desert, the author discusses the risks and potential benefits of large solar farms like this one. The article is accompanied by stunning black and white photographs of the Ivanpah facility by Jamey Stillings.
On PCR, LSD, and Science as a Wild Ride
Authors: Bradley Ryan
Published: October 2015

This article describes the invention of PCR (polymerase chain reaction, a method of replicating DNA) by Kary Mullis, and the impact it has had on everything from biotech companies such as 23andMe to the movie Jurassic Park and the Human Genome Project.
ENDOCRINE TUMOURS: Genetic predictors of thyroid cancer outcome
Authors: Tavares Catarina , Melo Miguel , Cameselle-Teijeiro José Manuel , Soares Paula , Sobrinho-Simões Manuel
Published: October 2015

Genetic predictors of outcome are reviewed in the context of a disease – cancer – that can be (too) simplistically described as a ‘successful, invasive clone of our own tissues’. Context has many faces that determine a thyroid cancer patient's outcome beyond the influence of genetic markers. There is also plenty of evidence on the prognostic meaning of the interplay between genetics and context/microenvironment factors (encapsulation, degree of invasion, staging, etc.). This review addresses only genetic alterations detected by molecular methods in surgically resected specimens, thus ruling out immunohistochemistry and (F)ISH, despite their crucial relevance as topographically oriented methods. For the sake of the discussion, well-differentiated carcinomas were divided into two main morphologic types: papillary carcinoma (classic and most variants) displaying BRAFV600E mutations and RET/papillary thyroid carcinoma rearrangements and the group of follicular patterned carcinomas that encompasses follicular carcinoma and the encapsulated form of follicular variant of papillary carcinoma, displaying RAS mutations and PAX8/PPARγ rearrangement. TERT promoter mutations have been recently described (and associated with distant metastases and reduced survival) in papillary and follicular carcinomas, as well as in poorly differentiated and undifferentiated carcinoma. TP53 mutations, previously thought to be restricted to less differentiated carcinomas, were also detected in papillary and follicular carcinoma and found to carry a guarded prognosis. Besides their putative importance for targeted therapies, the prognostic meaning of such mutations is discussedper seand in the setting of concurrent BRAF mutation.
Sec66-Dependent Regulation of Yeast Spindle-Pole Body Duplication Through Pom152
Authors: Katta Santharam S , Chen Jingjing , Gardner Jennifer M , Friederichs Jennifer M , Smith Sarah E , Gogol Madelaine , Unruh Jay R , Slaughter Brian D , Jaspersen Sue L
Published: October 2015

In closed mitotic systems such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the nuclear envelope (NE) does not break down during mitosis, so microtubule-organizing centers such as the spindle-pole body (SPB) must be inserted into the NE to facilitate bipolar spindle formation and chromosome segregation. The mechanism of SPB insertion has been linked to NE insertion of nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) through a series of genetic and physical interactions between NPCs and SPB components. To identify new genes involved in SPB duplication and NE insertion, we carried out genome-wide screens for suppressors of deletion alleles of SPB components, including Mps3 and Mps2. In addition to the nucleoporins POM152 and POM34, we found that elimination of SEC66/SEC71/KAR7 suppressed lethality of cells lacking MPS2 or MPS3. Sec66 is a nonessential subunit of the Sec63 complex that functions together with the Sec61 complex in import of proteins into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Cells lacking Sec66 have reduced levels of Pom152 protein but not Pom34 or Ndc1, a shared component of the NPC and SPB. The fact that Sec66 but not other subunits of the ER translocon bypass deletion mutants in SPB genes suggests a specific role for Sec66 in the control of Pom152 levels. Based on the observation that sec66∆ does not affect the distribution of Ndc1 on the NE or Ndc1 binding to the SPB, we propose that Sec66-mediated regulation of Pom152 plays an NPC-independent role in the control of SPB duplication.
Genome-Wide Structural Variation Detection by Genome Mapping on Nanochannel Arrays
Authors: Mak Angel C Y , Lai Yvonne Y Y , Lam Ernest T , Kwok Tsz-Piu , Leung Alden K Y , Poon Annie , Mostovoy Yulia , Hastie Alex R , Stedman William , Anantharaman Thomas , Andrews Warren , Zhou Xiang , Pang Andy W C , Dai Heng , Chu Catherine , Lin Chin , Wu Jacob J K , Li Catherine M L , Li Jing-Woei , Yim Aldrin K Y , Chan Saki , Sibert Justin , Džakula Željko , Cao Han , Yiu Siu-Ming , Chan Ting-Fung , Yip Kevin Y , Xiao Ming , Kwok Pui-Yan
Published: October 2015

Comprehensive whole-genome structural variation detection is challenging with current approaches. With diploid cells as DNA source and the presence of numerous repetitive elements, short-read DNA sequencing cannot be used to detect structural variation efficiently. In this report, we show that genome mapping with long, fluorescently labeled DNA molecules imaged on nanochannel arrays can be used for whole-genome structural variation detection without sequencing. While whole-genome haplotyping is not achieved, local phasing (across >150-kb regions) is routine, as molecules from the parental chromosomes are examined separately. In one experiment, we generated genome maps from a trio from the 1000 Genomes Project, compared the maps against that derived from the reference human genome, and identified structural variations that are >5 kb in size. We find that these individuals have many more structural variants than those published, including some with the potential of disrupting gene function or regulation.
Isokinetic performance of knee flexor and extensor muscles in community-dwelling elderly women
Authors: Felício Diogo C. , Pereira Daniele S. , Queiroz Bárbara Z. de , Assumpção Alexandra M. , Dias João M. D. , Pereira Leani S. M.
Published: October 2015

AbstractIntroduction The isokinetic dynamometer enables accurate assessment of muscle function. In Brazil, few studies have assessed the isokinetic muscle performance in older adults making interpretation and comparison of results with other studies.Objectives To conduct a descriptive analysis of the performance of the muscle flexor and extensor muscles of the knee joint in elderly community and compare the performance between the age groups 65-74 years and 75 years or more.Methods This is a cross sectional observational study with a convenience sample of 229 elderly community. For the analysis of muscle performance was used isokinetic dynamometer (Biodex System 3 Pro™) in the angular velocities of 60 °/s and 180 °/s. The variables evaluated were peak torque, peak torque normalized by body weight, total work normalized by body mass, total work, average power and agonist/antagonist ratio. Descriptive analysis was used to characterize the sample. For comparison between age groups was used Student's t-test with α = 0.05.Results The elderly women with older age showed a statistically significant decrease in most of the variables (p < 0.05) except for the agonist and antagonist knee (p = 0.398).Conclusions The isokinetic was a sensitive tool to characterize the modifications caused by aging on muscle function. Elderly with results below the lower limits of the confidence intervals for all variables certainly has a decreased strength for the age group evaluated and must be addressed therapeutically. The results can be used as a benchmark in clinical practice and future research.
Método de estimativa dos limites da carta de controle não paramétrica que monitora simultaneamente a média e variância
Authors: Oprime Pedro Carlos , Toledo José Carlos de , González Mario Orestes Aguirre , Chakraborti S.
Published: October 2015

Resumo Os gráficos de controle clássicos para variáveis contínuas monitoram, separadamente, as medidas de posição central e de dispersão, conhecidas também como medidas de locação e escala. O monitoramento desses parâmetros tem como pressuposto que a distribuição de probabilidade dos dados seja conhecida e siga o padrão normal, o que, em situações práticas, nem sempre ocorre. Para isso foram desenvolvidos os chamados gráficos de controle não paramétricos. Este trabalho tem como objetivo desenvolver um método para determinar os limites de controle estatístico de gráficos de controle com distribuição de probabilidade desconhecida e que monitore simultaneamente as medidas de locação e escala. O método de pesquisa utilizado integra técnicas de experimentos computacionais com técnicas de planejamento de experimentos. Assim, foi possível: i) determinar os limites de controle de gráficos não paramétricos que monitorem simultaneamente as medidas de posição e escala para situações particulares; ii) a partir dos limites de controle calculados, estimar os erros tipo I e tipo II; e iii) comparar o desempenho desses gráficos com as cartas de controle estatístico de Shewhart para diferentes combinações de amostras (m, n) nas fases I e II. O método proposto foi aplicado em um processo de manufatura com o objetivo de identificar a combinação que minimize os erros tipo I e II. Com base nos resultados, observou-se que o gráfico de controle não paramétrico tem desempenho superior aos gráficos tradicionais de Shewhart quando a distribuição de probabilidade dos dados é assimétrica.
Tratamentos Pré- Germinativos de Sementes de Espécies Florestais Amazônicas. II - Visgueiro (Parkia pendula Benth. Leguminosae - Mimosoideae)
Authors: Barbosa Antenor Pereira , Vastano Jr Benedito , Varela Vânia Palmeira
Published: October 2015

Os autores estudam 14 tratamentos pré-germinativos em sementes de visgueiro (Parkia pendulaBenth), Leguminosae - Mimosoideae, considerando a percentagem de germinação z a veto cidade de emergência das sementes germinados, como parâmetros para avaliar o efeito de cada tratamento, no período de 45 dias. Os tratamentos com ácido sulfúrico (H2so4) por 20 a 30 minutas e desponte dai sementes no lado oposto ao da emisão da radiculia, apresenta os melhores resultados para aumentar e uniformizar a germinação. A análiie do efeito dos tratamentos demonstra que o tegumento e a barreira física que limita o processo de germinação no período das observações.
Estimate of Physiological Age in Females of PASSALUS (Insecta, Coleoptera)
Authors: Fonseca Cláudio Ruy V. , Buhrnheim Paulo F.
Published: October 2015

Studies on development of female reproductive system insects have shown its utility in physiological age grading. The irreversible charocter of ovarian alterations correlated with mandibular wear and presence of yellow body, were applied to estimate the physiological age of Passalus convexus and Passalus latifrons females, giving results comparable to other studies and indicating the value of these methods in determination of physiological age.
Fenóis totais, atividade antioxidante e inibição da enzima tirosinase de extratos de Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. All. (Anacardiaceae)
Authors: VIEIRA L. M. , CASTRO C. F. S. , DIAS A. L. B. , SILVA A. R.
Published: October 2015

RESUMOOs radicais livres e outros oxidantes demonstram ser parcialmente responsáveis pelo envelhecimento e pelas doenças degenerativas associadas à produção de espécies reativas de oxigênio. Além disto, os compostos fenólicos são reconhecidamente detentores de elevada atividade antioxidante, que geralmente estão envolvidos em tratamentos de problemas de pigmentação da pele, que resultam em hiperpigmentações. Sendo assim este trabalho foi realizado para avaliar o conteúdo de fenóis totais, atividade antioxidante e a capacidade de inibição da tirosinase dos extratos das folhas e cascas do caule da espécie Myracrodruonurundeuva Fr. All. Para determinação do conteúdo de fenóis totais dos extratos orgânicos de M. urundeuva utilizou-se o reativo Folin-Ciocalteau, na avaliação da atividade antioxidante empregando o radical livre DPPH, enquanto que os testes de inibição da enzima tirosinase foram realizados utilizando L-tirosina. A concentração de fenóis totais foi de 77 mg EAG g-1 e 194 mg EAG g-1 nos extratos hexânico e metanólico das folhas e de 45 mg EAG g-1 e 193 mg EAG g-1 nos extratos hexânico e metanólico das cascas do caule. O potencial antioxidante dos extratos indicaram que o extrato metanólico das cascas do caule (10,9 ± 0,5 µg mL-1), em comparação ao hexânico (12,9 ± 0,2 µg mL-1) e ao BHT (220 ± 7,0 µg mL-1), possui atividade antioxidante levemente mais acentuada. No ensaio de inibição da tirosinase, o extrato metanólico das cascas do caule demonstrou a inibição da enzima em 42% após uma hora.
Plants of the Araceae family for malaria and related diseases: a review
Authors: FRAUSIN G. , LIMA R. B. S. , HIDALGO A. F. , MING L. C. , POHLIT A.M.
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTIn the current work we performed a review of the Araceae family species traditionally used to treat malaria and its symptoms. The aim is to reveal the large number of antimalarial Araceae species used worldwide and their great unexplored potential as sources of antimalarial natural products. The SciFinder Scholar, Scielo, PubMed, ScienceDirect and Google books search engines were consulted. Forty-three records of 36 species and 23 genera of Araceae used for malaria and symptoms treatment were found. The neotropical genera Philodendron Schott and Anthurium Schott were the best represented for the use in the treatment of malaria, fevers, liver problems and headaches. Leaves and tubers were the most used parts and decoction was the most common preparation method. The extracts of Araceae species inhibit the in vitro growth of the human malaria parasite, the Plasmodium falciparum Welch, and significant median inhibitory concentrations (IC50) for extracts of guaimbê-sulcado (Rhaphidophora decursiva (Roxb.) Schott), aninga (Montrichardia linifera (Arruda) Schott), Culcasia lancifolia N.E. Br. and forest anchomanes (Anchomanes difformis (Blume) Engl.) have been reported demonstrating the antimalarial and cytotoxicity potential of the extracts and sub-fractions. In the only report about the antimalarial components of this family, the neolignan polysyphorin and the benzoperoxide rhaphidecurperoxin presented strong in vitro inhibition of the D6 and W2 strains of Plasmodiumfalciparum (IC50 = 368-540 ng/mL). No live study about antimalarial activity in animal models has been conducted on a species of Araceae. More bioguided chemical composition studies about the in vitro and also thein vivo antimalarial activity of the Araceae are needed in order to enhance the knowledge about the antimalarial potential of this family.
The insecticidal potential of Foeniculum vulgareMill., Pimpinella anisum L. and Caryophillus aromaticus L. to control aphid on kale plants
Authors: LUCCA P. S. R. , NÓBREGA L. H. P. , ALVES L. F. A. , CRUZ-SILVA C. T. A. , PACHECO F. P.
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTThe use of natural substances for pest control in agriculture is, economically, a viable option and has benefits for both the humanbeing and the environment, due to its low persistence and toxicity. Thus, this trial aimed on determining the insecticidal potential of the extracts and essential oils of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.), anise (Pimpinella anisum L.) and clove (Caryophillus aromaticus L.) to control Brevicoryne brassicae L. in kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala DC.). The treatments were: fennel, anise, cloves extracts at 10%; fennel, anise, cloves oils at 1% and control with distilled water. The mortality tests were carried out with aphids in laboratory, with three replications, after 1, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours. During laboratory trials , it was found out that fennel oil at 1% showed the best rate of mortality on aphid nymphs (70% at 72 h), followed by clove extract at 10% with 37% mortality. Tests in pots were only carried out only with cloves extracts at 10% and fennel oil at 1% treatment, in which such efficiency was alsoindicated on aphid nymphs.
Linguagem e criação: constituintes singulares do conhecimento humano
Authors: Bastazin Vera
Published: October 2015

RESUMOO estudo pretende destacar a maneira como a palavra poética pode ser uma forte aliada para a diversidade do saber na busca de novas formas de ver, entender e interpretar o homem e o mundo. No artigo, nosso propósito é articular recortes teóricos e textos ou fragmentos poéticos que despertem, prioritariamente, para a experiência da língua, como organismo vivo em permanente transformação, e da literatura como espaço desautomatizador da percepção e do conhecimento.
Evaluating the use of in-store measures in retail food stores and restaurants in Brazil
Authors: Duran Ana Clara , Lock Karen , Latorre Maria do Rosario D O , Jaime Patricia Constante
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE To assess inter-rater reliability, test-retest reliability, and construct validity of retail food store, open-air food market, and restaurant observation tools adapted to the Brazilian urban context.METHODS This study is part of a cross-sectional observation survey conducted in 13 districts across the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil in 2010-2011. Food store and restaurant observational tools were developed based on previously available tools, and then tested it. They included measures on the availability, variety, quality, pricing, and promotion of fruits and vegetables and ultra-processed foods. We used Kappa statistics and intra-class correlation coefficients to assess inter-rater and test-retest reliabilities in samples of 142 restaurants, 97 retail food stores (including open-air food markets), and of 62 restaurants and 45 retail food stores (including open-air food markets), respectively. Construct validity as the tool’s abilities to discriminate based on store types and different income contexts were assessed in the entire sample: 305 retail food stores, 8 fruits and vegetable markets, and 472 restaurants.RESULTS Inter-rater and test-retest reliability were generally high, with most Kappa values greater than 0.70 (range 0.49-1.00). Both tools discriminated between store types and neighborhoods with different median income. Fruits and vegetables were more likely to be found in middle to higher-income neighborhoods, while soda, fruit-flavored drink mixes, cookies, and chips were cheaper and more likely to be found in lower-income neighborhoods.CONCLUSIONS The measures were reliable and able to reveal significant differences across store types and different contexts. Although some items may require revision, results suggest that the tools may be used to reliably measure the food stores and restaurant food environment in urban settings of middle-income countries. Such studies can help .inform health promotion interventions and policies in these contexts.
COMPETITIVE ABILITY OF CANOLA HYBRIDS WITH WEEDS
Authors: GALON L. , AGAZZI L. R. , VARGAS L. , NONEMACHER F. , BASSO F. J. M. , PERIN G. F. , FERNANDES F. F. , FORTE C. T. , ROCHA A. A. , TREVISOL R. , WINTER F. L.
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTThe objective of the study was to assess the relative competitive ability of canola hybrids in the presence of turnip (Raphanus sativus) and ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) in different ratios of plants in the mixture. The experiments were conducted in a greenhouse, in a completely randomized design with four replications. Treatments were arranged in ratios of canola against turnip or ryegrass: 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100. Competitive analysis of the species was accomplished by means of diagrams usually applied to replacement series and also by the relative competitiveness indices. Fifty days after the emergence of the species, measurements of leaf area and shoot dry mass were performed. There was a competition between canola hybrids and weeds, with reduction for all variables. There was a differential competitive ability among canola hybrids in the presence of turnip and/or ryegrass. Canola hybrid Hyola 433 was more competitive in the presence of turnip than Hyola 61, 76 and 571 CL. Hyola 61, 76, 433 and 571 CL do not differ in terms of competition ability when growing with ryegrass.
OCORRÊNCIA DE PLANTAS NÃO NATIVAS E EXÓTICAS EM ÁREAS RESTAURADAS DE CAMPOS RUPESTRES
Authors: FERNANDES G. W. , SANTOS R. , BARBOSA N. P. U. , ALMEIDA H. A. , CARVALHO V. , ANGRISANO P.
Published: October 2015

RESUMOA invasão por espécies de plantas não nativas representa um enorme problema para projetos de restauração ambiental. Estas espécies têm causado muitas vezes o fracasso do processo de restauração, a perda de estoques nativos, prejuízos econômicos e, certamente, sociais. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi listar e avaliar a ocorrência de espécies não nativas em decorrência do asfaltamento da MG-010 em áreas restauradas nos campos rupestres da cordilheira do Espinhaço, Serra do Cipó, Brasil. Foram encontradas 23 espécies de plantas não nativas invadindo as áreas restauradas. Entre essas espécies, destacam-se as leguminosas Cajanus cajan, Chamaecrista flexuosa, Crotalaria pallida, Crotalaria spectabilis e Mimosa pigra e, entre as gramímeas, Andropogon bicornis, A. leucostachyus, Melinis repens, M. minutiflora, Paspalum paniculatum e Urochloa brizantha. A invasão das áreas restauradas, bem como a das bordas da rodovia, por essas espécies está relacionada à melhoria dos solos ao longo das rodovias causada por técnicas que utilizam uma mistura de calcário no preparo do leito estradal. A falta de um programa de monitoramento e gestão das áreas restauradas, bem como das unidades de conservação federal na qual estão inseridas, é outro fator que resulta em falhas no processo de restauração, colocando em risco toda a biota regional.
WEED MANAGEMENT WITH HERBICIDES APPLIED IN PRE AND POSTEMERGENCE ON CASTOR CROP
Authors: COSTA A. G. F. , SOFIATTI V. , MACIEL C. D. G. , LIRA A. J. S. , CORDEIRO JR A. F. , SILVA R.L.M.
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to evaluate the weed management with herbicides applied in pre and postemergence on castor crop. The treatments were constituted by management systems using herbicides in pre (PRE) and postemergence (POS): 1) S-metolachlor at 576 g ha-1 (PRE 1) and chlorimuron-methyl at 15 g ha-1 (POS 1); 2) PRE 1 + clomazone at 650 g ha-1(PRE 2) and POS 1; 3) PRE 1, POS 1 and halosulfuron-methyl at 112.5 g ha-1(POS 2); 4) PRE 1, POS 1 and ethoxysulfuron at 60 g ha-1 (POS 3); 5) PRE 1, POS 1 and ethoxysulfuron at 120 g ha-1 (POS 4); 6) PRE 1 + PRE 2, POS 1 and POS 2; 7) PRE 1 + PRE 2, POS 1 and POS 3; 8) PRE 1 + PRE 2, POS 1 and POS 4; 9) hand-hoeing control and 10) non-weeded control. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications. The association of the herbicides in PRE combined to sequence applications of chlorimuron-ethyl and halosulfuron-methyl or ethoxysulfuron in POS resulted in the highest control levels of Richardia scabraand Cyperus ferax. Mild phytointoxication symptoms to the crop were more persistent with ethoxysulfuron at 120 g ha-1. The acceptable control of the weed species and similar yield to the hand-hoeing control permitted to conclude that S-metolachlor + clomazone PRE, followed by chlorimuron-ethyl and halosulfuron-methyl POS proved to be more adequate as a weed management strategy on castor crop.
DETECTION OF GLYPHOSATE-RESISTANT PALMER AMARANTH (Amaranthus palmeri) IN AGRICULTURAL AREAS OF MATO GROSSO, BRAZIL
Authors: CARVALHO S. J. P. , GONÇALVES NETTO A. , NICOLAI M. , CAVENAGHI A. L. , LÓPEZ-OVEJERO R. F. , CHRISTOFFOLETI P. J.
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACT The recent introduction of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) in Brazilian agricultural areas may promote several changes on weed management, especially in no-till systems and in glyphosate-resistant crops, since glyphosate-resistant biotypes of A. palmerihave been frequently selected in other countries. Therefore, this research was developed in order to evaluate the glyphosate susceptibility of a Palmer amaranth biotype recently identified in the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. For this purpose, glyphosate susceptibility of three Amaranthusbiotypes was compared: A.hybridus var. patulus, collected in the State of Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil; A.hybridus var. patulus, collected in the State of São Paulo - Brazil; and A.palmeri, collected in the State of Mato Grosso - Brazil. Dose-response curves were generated for all biotypes, considering eight rates of glyphosate and six replicates. All the experiments were repeated twice. Both A.hybridus biotypes were satisfactorily controlled by glyphosate, demanding rates equal to or lower than 541.15 g a.e. ha-1 for 80% control (LD80). The A.palmeri biotype was not controlled by glyphosate in any of the assessments and required rates greater than 4,500 g a.e. ha-1 to reach LD80, which are economically and environmentally unacceptable. Comparison of the Brazilian A.palmeri biotype to the A. hybridus biotypes, as well as, to the results available in scientific international literature, led to the conclusion that the Brazilian Palmer amaranth biotype is resistant to glyphosate.
GLYPHOSATE DRIFT IN EUCALYPTUS PLANTS
Authors: SANTOS JUNIOR A. , TUFFI SANTOS L. D. , FERREIRA F. A. , FERREIRA L. R. , FELIX R. C. , AMARAL G. C. , CRUZ L. R.
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTWith the present study we aim to assess the damage caused to Eucalyptus plants exposed to glyphosate drift in different canopy portions. The drift simulation was carried out through application of 1,080 g ha-1 of glyphosate in five canopy portions (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the low branches), in four areas of cultivation. Areas I and II, plants with 0.91 and 2.98 m, and height of canopy drift exposition of 0.30 and 1.0 m, respectively. In areas III and IV both cultivations were 8.15 m high, varying the height of drift exposition between 2.0 and 2.5 m, respectively. At 30 and 480 days after application (DAA), the survival rate was assessed, and at 300 and 480 DAA diameter at breast height (DBH), height, volume and their respective increment were determined. The medium annual increment (MAI) was determined at 480 DAA. Area I, in which the plants were 0.91 m high, we observed that treatment with 100% of the low branches exposed to drift led to stand reduction of the plants around 18.75 and 38.19% at 30 and 480 DAA, respectively. Areas I and II showed reduction in plant growth in height and DBH, wood volume and MAI, to the extent that there was an increase in the portion of canopy exposed to glyphosate drift. However, in areas III and IV, in which 8.15 m height plants were found, no changes were verified for the evaluated characteristics, regardless of the portion of canopy exposed to glyphosate drift.
LOWER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER PRESSURE MEASUREMENT UNDER STANDARDIZED INSPIRATORY MANEUVEURS
Authors: RIBEIRO Jeany Borges e Silva , DIÓGENES Esther Cristina Arruda Oliveira , BEZERRA Patrícia Carvalho , COUTINHO Tanila Aguiar Andrade , ALMEIDA Cícera Geórgia Félix de , SOUZA Miguel Ângelo Nobre e
Published: October 2015

Background: Through rhythmic variations, the diaphragm influence lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure acting as an external sphincter. LES pressure recording is characterized by increased pressure in inspiration due to contraction of the diaphragmatic crura that involves the sphincter. Aim: To describe a method of measuring LES pressure during standardized inspiratory maneuvers with increasing loads. Methods: The study population comprised of eight healthy female volunteers (average age of 31.5 years). An esophageal high-resolution manometry and impedance system was used for measuring the LES pressure during 3-second inspiratory efforts under 12, 24 and 48 cm H2O loads (Threshold maneuvers). Results: There was a significant difference between the average maximum LES pressure and the average maximum basal LES pressure during the first (76.19±17.92 difference, p=0.0008), second (86.92±19.01 difference, p=0.0004), and third seconds of the maneuver (90.86±17.93 difference, p=0.0002), with 12, 24 and 48 cmH2O loads. Conclusion: This maneuver is a standardization of the inspiratory LES pressure and may better differentiate patients with reflux disease from healthy individuals, and may also be useful for monitoring the treatment of these patients through inspiratory muscle training.
BARIATRIC SURGERY IN THE ELDERLY: RESULTS OF A MEAN FOLLOW-UP OF FIVE YEARS
Authors: PAJECKI Denis , SANTO Marco Aurelio , JOAQUIM Henrique Dametto Giroud , MORITA Flavio , RICCIOPPO Daniel , CLEVA Roberto de , CECCONELLO Ivan
Published: October 2015

Background : Surgical treatment of obesity in the elderly, particularly over 65, remains controversial; it is explained by the increased surgical risk or the lack of data demonstrating its long-term benefit. Few studies have evaluated the clinical effects of bariatric surgery in this population. Aim : To evaluate the results of surgical treatment of obesity in patients over 60 years, followed for an average period of five years. Method : This was a retrospective study evaluating 46 patients, 60 years or older, who underwent surgical treatment of obesity, by conventional gastric bypass technique (laparotomy). The average age was 64 years (60-71), mean BMI of 49.6 kg/m2 (38-66), mean follow-up of 5.9 years; 91% of patients were hypertensive, 56% diabetics and 39% had dyslipidemia. Results : The incidence of complications (major and minor) in patients under 65 years was 26% and over 65 years 37% (p=0.002). There were no deaths in the group with less than 65 years and there were two deaths (12.5%) over 65 years. The average loss of overweight over 65 years or less was 72% vs 68% (p=0.56). There was total control of the diabetes mellitus in 77% and partial in 23%, with no difference between groups. There was improvement in arterial hypertension in 56% of patients, also no difference between groups. The average LDL levels did not differ between the pre and postoperative (106 mg/dl to 102 mg/dl), an increase of HDL (56 mg/dl to 68 mg/dL) and reduced triglyceride levels (136 mg/dl to 109 mg/dl). There was no statistical difference in the variation of the cholesterol fractions and triglycerides between the groups. Two patients in the group with less than 65 years died in late follow-up, of brain tumor and pneumonia, three and five years after bariatric surgery, respectively. Conclusions : Surgical morbidity and mortality were higher in patients over 65 years, and this group had the same benefits observed in patients lower 65 years for weight loss and comorbidities control.
GLYCEMIC BEHAVIOR IN 48 HOURS POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD OF PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AND NON DIABETIC SUBMITTED TO BARIATRIC SURGERY
Authors: OLIVEIRA Lucas Freitas de , TISOTT Caroline Gewehr , SILVANO Diego Machado , CAMPOS Camila Mafalda Mouta , NASCIMENTO Ricardo Reis do
Published: October 2015

Although there is no indication for surgery taking only into account the glycemic condition, results have shown that benefits can be obtained in glycemic control with bariatric surgery. Aim : To compare the glycemic behavior among type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic patients within 48 h after bariatric surgery, and clarify whether there is a reduction in blood glucose level in obese patients with diabetes before the loss of weight excess. Methods : Descriptive epidemiological study with prospective cohort design with 31 obese patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy. The patients were controlled with hemoglucotests in different periods of time: preoperative, postoperative and each 6 h after surgery for 48 h. Results : Average ambulatory blood glucose in diabetics was 120.7±2.9 mg/dl vs 91.8±13.9 mg/dl in the nondiabetic. After 48 h there was decrease in diabetics to 100.0±17.0 mg/dl (p=0.003), while the non-diabetic group did not change significantly (102.7±25.4 mg/dl; p=0.097). There were no differences between the surgical techniques. There were no death. Conclusions : Diabetic patients significantly reduced blood glucose after surgery regardless of the use of exogenous insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents.
SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM AFTER BARIATRIC SURGERY: TREATMENT IS WITH CALCIUM CARBONATE OR CALCIUM CITRATE?
Authors: BARETTA Giorgio Alfredo Pedroso , CAMBI Maria Paula Carlini , RODRIGUES Arieli Luz , MENDES Silvana Aparecida
Published: October 2015

Background : Bariatric surgery, especially Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, can cause serious nutritional complications arising from poor absorption of essential nutrients. Secondary hyperparathyroidism is one such complications that leads to increased parathyroid hormone levels due to a decrease in calcium and vitamin D, which may compromise bone health. Aim : To compare calcium carbonate and calcium citrate in the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism. Method : Patients were selected on the basis of their abnormal biochemical test and treatment was randomly done with citrate or calcium carbonate. Results : After 60 days of supplementation, biochemical tests were repeated, showing improvement in both groups. Conclusion : Supplementation with calcium (citrate or carbonate) and vitamin D is recommended after surgery for prevention of secondary hyperparathyroidism.
TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF LAPAROSCOPIC SLEEVE GASTRECTOMY
Authors: RAMOS Almino Cardoso , BASTOS Eduardo Lemos de Souza , RAMOS Manoela Galvão , BERTIN Nestor Tadashi Suguitani , GALVÃO Thales Delmondes , LUCENA Raphael Torres Figueiredo de , CAMPOS Josemberg Marins
Published: October 2015

Background : The vertical gastrectomy indications for surgical treatment of morbid obesity have increased worldwide. Despite this increase, many aspects of surgical technique still remains in controversy. Aim : To contribute presenting surgical details in order to better realize the vertical gastrectomy technique in bariatric surgery. Methods : Technical systematization, patient preparation, positioning of the trocars, operative technique and postoperative care are presented in details. Results : During 12 months were enrolled 120 patients undergoing GV according to the technique described herein. The results are published in another ABCD article (ABCD 2015;28(Supl.1):61-64) in this same volume and number. Conclusion : The surgical technique proposed here presented itself viable and facilitating the surgeon's work on difficult points of the vertical gastrectomy.
BAROS METHOD CRITICAL ANALYSIS (BARIATRIC ANALYSIS AND REPORTING SYSTEM)
Authors: NICARETA Jean Ricardo , FREITAS Alexandre Coutinho Teixeira de , NICARETA Sheyla Maris , NICARETA Cleiton , CAMPOS Antonio Carlos Ligocki , NASSIF Paulo Afonso Nunes , MARCHESINI João Batista
Published: October 2015

Introduction : Although it has received several criticisms, which is considered to be the most effective method used for global assessment of morbid obesity surgical treatment, still needs to be updated. Objective : Critical analysis of BAROS constitution and method. Method : BAROS as headings was searched in literature review using data from the main bariatric surgery journals until 2009. Results : Where found and assessed 121 papers containing criticisms on BAROS constitution and methodology. It has some failures and few researches show results on the use of this instrument, although it is still considered a standard method. Several authors that used it found imperfections in its methodology and suggested some changes addressed to improving its acceptance, showing the need of developing new methods to qualify the bariatric surgery results. Conclusion: BAROS constitution has failures and its methodology needs to be updated.
Jejum alimentar e qualidade da carne de frango de corte tipo caipira
Authors: OLIVEIRA Felipe Rosa , BOARI Cleube Andrade , PIRES Aldrin Vieira , MOGNATO João Carlos , CARVALHO Rúbio Madureira de Souza , SANTOS JÚNIOR Marco Aurélio , MATTIOLI Cristiano Campos
Published: October 2015

ResumoObjetivou-se avaliar as características de qualidade da carne de frango de corte tipo caipira em diferentes tempos de jejum alimentar. Aves, machos, da linhagem “pesadão vermelho”, criadas até 85 dias de idade em sistema semiextensivo, foram submetidas aos tempos de zero, três, seis, nove e 12 horas de jejum alimentar. Obteve-se o peso vivo, peso da carcaça, o rendimento de carcaça fria, o peso do trato gastrintestinal das aves. Foram avaliados o pH24h, a luminosidade (L*), o teor de vermelho (a*), o teor de amarelo (b*), a capacidade de retenção de água, a perda de peso por cocção e a força de cisalhamento na carne do peito, da coxa e da sobrecoxa. Menor valor de rendimento de carcaça foi observado no tempo zero hora (74,54%), e o maior (82,43%) às nove horas de jejum alimentar. Maior peso para o trato gastrintestinal (540,8g) foi observado no tempo zero e o menor (229,33g) às 12 horas de jejum alimentar. Não foi observado efeito dos diferentes tempos de jejum alimentar nas características de qualidade da carne das aves. Houve diferença no pH24h, na luminosidade (L*), no teor de vermelho (a*), no teor de amarelo (b*) e na capacidade de retenção de água quando se comparou os cortes da carne do peito, da coxa e da sobrecoxa das aves de corte tipo caipira. Recomendam-se os períodos de jejum de nove ou 12 horas, nos quais houve maior rendimento de carcaça fria.
Comportamento ingestivo de novilhas Pantaneiras mantidas em regime de confinamento
Authors: OLIVEIRA Marcus Vinicius Morais de , RUFINO JUNIOR João , ROMERO Jakeline Vieira , SILVA Diogo Cesar Gomes da , LUZ Dirce Ferreira , VARGAS JUNIOR Fernando Miranda de , FERNANDES Henrique Jorge , SALLA Luciane Elisete
Published: October 2015

ResumoObjetivou-se avaliar o comportamento ingestivo de novilhas da raça Pantaneira (Bos taurus taurus) confinadas e alimentadas com diferentes tipos de feno e ração concentrada, com uma relação na matéria seca de 60:40%, respectivamente. Quinze animais, com peso médio inicial de 298kg e idade de 30 meses, foram distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em três lotes, com cinco repetições. Os fenos utilizados foram: feno deBrachiaria brizantha cv. Piatã, feno de Panicum maximum cv. Massai, e feno de Stylosantes capitata/macrocephala cv. Campo Grande. Todas as dietas possuíam teores energéticos e proteicos semelhantes, de 63,3% de nutrientes digestíveis totais (NDT) e 12,5% de proteína bruta (PB), e eram fornecidas duas vezes ao dia, à vontade. As observações de comportamento ingestivo foram efetuadas em três baterias de 48 horas cada, em intervalos de 28 dias, totalizando 144 horas. Os dados foram interpretados por meio de análise de variância e teste de Tukey. Não foram observadas influências das forrageiras nos tempos de alimentação, ruminação, ócio, interagindo e dormindo, tampouco nas eficiências de alimentação e de ruminação, na ingestão de água e nas excreções de urina e fezes, sendo todas as variáveis estatisticamente iguais. A utilização de qualquer um dos tipos de feno na dieta de novilhas Pantaneiras é recomendada.
Femoral quadriceps neuromuscular electrical stimulation after total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review
Authors: Volpato Helena Bruna Bettoni , Szego Paulo , Lenza Mario , Milan Silvia Lefone , Talerman Claudia , Ferretti Mario
Published: October 2015

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation in patients submitted to total knee arthroplasty. This was a systematic review with no language or publication status restriction. Our search was made in Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Embase and LILACS. Randomized or quasi-randomized clinical trials evaluating neuromuscular electrical stimulation after total knee arthroplasty were included. Four studies with moderate risk of bias and low statistical power were included, totalizing 376 participants. There was no statistically significant difference in knee function, pain and range of motion during 12 month follow-up. This review concluded that neuromuscular electrical stimulation was less effective than traditional rehabilitation in function, muscular strength and range of motion. However, this technique was useful for quadriceps activation during the first days after surgery.
Distance as a Barrier to Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment: Review of the Literature
Authors: Ambroggi Massimo , Biasini Claudia , Del Giovane Cinzia , Fornari Fabio , Cavanna Luigi
Published: October 2015

The burden of travel from a patient's residence to health care providers is an important issue that can influence access to diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Although several studies have shown that the travel burden can result in delays in diagnosis and treatment of many common cancers, its role appears underestimated in the treatment of patients in clinical practice. Therefore, we performed a review of the published data on the role of travel burden influencing four items: delay of diagnosis, adequate treatment of cancer, outcome, and quality of life of cancer patients. Forty-seven studies published up to December 2014 were initially identified. Twenty studies were excluded because they did not regard specifically the four items of our review. Twenty-seven studies formed the basis of our study and involved 716,153 patients. The associations between travel burden and (a) cancer stage at diagnosis (12 studies), (b) appropriate treatment (8 studies), (c) outcome (4 studies), and (d) quality of life (1 study) are reported. In addition, in two studies, the relation between travel burden and compliance with treatment was examined. The results of our review show that increasing travel requirements are associated with more advanced disease at diagnosis, inappropriate treatment, a worse prognosis, and a worse quality of life. These results suggest that clinical oncologists should remember the specific travel burden problem for cancer patients, who often need health care services every week or every month for many years.