bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of the Flicker Noise on the Ring Oscillator-based TRNGs
Authors: Benea Licinius , Carmona Mikael , Fischer Viktor , Pebay-Peyroula Florian , Wacquez Romain
Published: March 2024

Ring Oscillators (RO) are often used in true random number generators (TRNG). Their jittered clock signal, used as randomness source, originates from thermal and flicker noises. While thermal noise jitter is generally used as the main source of randomness, flicker noise jitter is not due to its autocorrelation. This work aims at qualitatively settling the issue of the influence of flicker noise in TRNGs, as its impact increases in newer technology nodes. For this, we built a RO behavioural model, which generates time series equivalent to a jittered RO signal. It is then used to generate the output of an elementary RO-TRNG. Despite general expectations, the autocorrelation inside the output bit stream is reduced when the amplitude of flicker noise increases. The model shows that this effect is caused by the sampling of the jittered signal by the second oscillator, which hides the behaviour of the absolute jitter, causes resetting of the perceived phase, and suppresses any memory effect. The inclusion of flicker noise as a legitimate noise source can increase the TRNG output bit rate by a factor of four for the same output entropy rate. This observation opens new perspectives towards more efficient stochastic models of the RO-TRNGs.
Delitos de odio, incitación al odio y libertad de expresión
Authors: Vidal López Tania
Published: March 2024

Una sociedad basada en estereotipos y prejuicios se convierte en una sociedad llena de odio, en la que se cree erróneamente que cualquier expresión o conducta de discriminación está amparada bajo el derecho a la libertad de expresión. Sin embargo, no cabe todo, hay comportamientos discriminatorios que exceden los límites de los derechos fundamentales, como el derecho de la libertad de expresión. Cuando esto ocurre y se traspasan estos límites, nos encontramos ante unas ideas discriminatorias que se han materializado en una infracción que lesiona la dignidad de otra, y por tanto, supone una infracción grave que debe sancionarse por nuestro ordenamiento.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MULTIDIMENSIONAL VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Universiti Sains Malaysia, SENEVI GUNARATNE MAHINDA , Radin Badaruddin Radin Firdaus ,   Universiti Sains Malaysia, SIHIVAITTHASAN AUGUSTINE SOSAI ,   University of Jaffna, KAMSI NOR SAMSINAR ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA
Published: March 2024

The contemporary development discourse is largely concerned with mitigating vulnerabilities, building resilience, and achieving sustainability. The interconnection of the various factors involved in vulnerability, sustainability assessments, and resilience building necessitates a comprehensive analysis. However, bringing together these factors for a multidimensional analysis of vulnerability or sustainability poses significant challenges. Thus, it is imperative to establish a framework that combines multidimensional vulnerability and sustainability analysis to overcome vulnerabilities and achieve sustainable development. This article presents a framework integrating sustainability into multidimensional vulnerability analysis to establish sustainable intervention. Firstly, we review the key concepts and multidimensional frameworks of vulnerability analysis. Secondly, we discuss the various domains and drivers of vulnerabilities and the role of sustainability in analysing the impact of multidimensional vulnerability and framing sustainable intervention strategies. Lastly, we argue that mitigating vulnerability drivers is central to the preliminary framework, which can be achieved by aligning sustainable intervention strategies with the sustainability goals (SDGs).
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE ON COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE (CAM) ASSOCIATED WITH COVID-19
Authors:   Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, MOHD YUSOF HAYATI , MOHD SUFFIAN NURUL AIN SYAMIMI ,   Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, ALI ASMA’ ,   Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, KAMARUDDIN KHAIRIL SHAZMIN ,   Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, MD NOH MOHD FAIRULNIZAL ,   Institute for Medical Research, YUSOF AZIZ ,   Universiti Malaysia Terengganu
Published: March 2024

People are more likely to seek information on Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) for self-treatment to reduce COVID-19 symptoms or for prevention. The present study aims to assess the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) of CAM- associated with COVID-19 among adults in Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 503 respondents using an online questionnaire. The data was analysed using SPSS version 20 and descriptive statistics were applied. A Chi-squared test was used to determine the association between KAP status and socio-demographic factors. The findings indicated that the majority of respondents had moderate knowledge score (60%) and practice (55.9%), but a high attitude (80%) towards CAM related to COVID-19. There is a significant association between age, ethnicity, employment status and knowledge level on CAM (p < 0.05) and also between educational level and attitude level on CAM associated with COVID-19 (p < 0.05). Furthermore, there is a significant association between practice level and age, race, educational level, and employment status on CAM associated with COVID-19. The present findings indicated that 73.4% of the respondents used CAM in the past 6 months to reduce or prevent symptoms of COVID-19, with most of them (51.3%) taking more than two types. In conclusion, adults in Malaysia have moderate knowledge and practice, but a high attitude towards CAM associated with COVID-19. We also postulate that respondents are more open to evidence regarding the CAM associated with COVID-19 and ready to adopt the modalities as part of integrated medicine.
THE NEW POLITICAL GOVERNANCE OF TIN MANAGEMENT IN BANGKA BELITUNG ISLANDS, INDONESIA: LOCAL ELITES’ PERSPECTIVE
Authors:   Universitas Bangka Belitung, IBRAHIM IBRAHIM , HARYADI DWI ,   Universitas Bangka Belitung, WAHYUDIN NANANG ,   Universitas Bangka Belitung
Published: March 2024

The management of tin mining in the Bangka Belitung Islands, which is the world’s second largest producer of the mineral, is a complex issue, and has divided the community into two factions. One side is concerned about the ecological impact and other social implications of tin mining, while the other side is concerned with the island’s economic dependence on tin, overlapping policies and law sub-optimal enforcement. This study discussed how local elites view ideal tin mining governance. The researchers found that the elite in Bangka Belitung wanted a change in governance by changing national tin mining policies and proportional distribution of authority between the central and regional governments. This showed that there is a gap between the desire for change in the tin mining industry, and to remain passive in an established order.
THE HEAVY METAL CONSTITUENTS AND COMPOSITION OF THE SOIL AND MUSHROOMS COLLECTED FROM THE NONG-AUNG PUBLIC FOREST
Authors:   Srinakharinwirot University, KROEKSAKUL PATARAPONG
Published: March 2024

This paper presents the findings of a study conducted to assess the conditions and heavy metal contents of the soil in areas of the Nong-Aung public forest. This study investigates the relationship between the heavy metal contents in soil and the accumulation of heavy metals in naturally occurring mushrooms within the public forest, comparing the components of a waste disposal zone and a general disposal zone. This study employs one-way analysis of variance to analyse variances between groups, with data differences compared using the least significant difference method. The research reveals significant differences (p < 0.05) in the heavy metal contaminants present in soil between the waste disposal zone and the general zone in the public forest. Human activities are found to influence soil properties and heavy metal content. However, it is important to note that the levels of heavy metals in the Nong-Aung public forest do not exceed Thailand’s standards. The study also examines the heavy metal content in various mushroom species, including Mycoamaranthus cambodgensis (Pat.) Trap, Ganoderma applanatum (Pers.ex Wallr.) Patouillard, Heimioporus japonicus (Hongo) E. Horak, Thaeogyroporus porentosus (berk. ET. Broome) and total mushrooms suitable for consumption. The research reveals that the mushrooms have an average Cd content of 0.558 ± 0.908 mg/kg dry weight, with quantities of other elements as follows: Pb 1.740 ± 2.441 mg/kg dry weight, Mn 266 ± 128 mg/kg dry weight, Ni 4.44 ± 2.83 mg/kg dry weight, and As 0.014 ± 0.005 mg/kg dry weight. Importantly, the heavy metal content of mushrooms in the public forest does not exceed the established standards. However, the study highlights concerns regarding the quality of soil in the public forest and its potential impact on the environment and local biodiversity. The paper concludes by emphasising the need for local government and citizen advocacy to impose restrictions on the expansion of waste disposal areas in the public forest.
Analysis of Promotion Mix, Price Perception, and Service Quality on Purchase Decisions for Mask Products on Tokopedia
Authors: Septadhika Steven , Adirinekso Gidion Putra
Published: March 2024

This study aims to investigate the influence of the promotional mix, price perception, and service quality on purchasing decisions for mask products in Jakarta. Utilizing a purposive sampling technique, data was collected from 330 respondents who are users of the Tokopedia application residing in the Jakarta area. The findings reveal several key insights: firstly, the promotional mix exhibits a positive and significant impact on purchasing decisions. Secondly, price perception demonstrates a negative and significant effect on purchasing decisions. Lastly, service quality is identified as having a positive and significant influence on purchasing decisions. These results emphasize the importance of a well-crafted promotional mix, favorable price perceptions, and high service quality in shaping consumers' decisions regarding mask product purchases. The outcomes of this research contribute to a better understanding of the factors that influence consumer choices in the Jakarta region, providing valuable insights for businesses and marketers looking to enhance their strategies in promoting and selling mask products.
Analisis Fraud Hexagon dalam Mendeteksi Fraudulent Financial Reporting pada Perusahaan Jasa Kesehatan yang Terdaftar di BEI Tahun 2018-2022
Authors: Prasasti Anggi Ria , Lastanti Hexana Sri
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine whether pressure affects fraudulent financial reporting. By using quantitative methods for health service companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018-2022. The study used secondary data, namely the company's annual financial statements and sampling techniques carried out by the purphose sampling method. Descriptive is used to see Hexagon's Fraud Analysis in detecting Fraudulent Financial Reporting with the Audit Committee as moderating (Empirical Study on Health Services Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2018-2022 Period). This study used 3 variables, namely independent variables, dependent variables and moderation variables. Based on the testing conducted and the results of the research discussion, it can be concluded that: 1) Stimulus affects financial statement fraud. 2) Opportunities do not positively affect financial statement fraud. 3) Rationalization has a positive effect on financial statement fraud.
Model Owens Kadakia-Learning Cluster Design untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Numerasi, Komunikasi, dan Berpikir Kritis Matematika Kelas I Sd XYZ Bekasi
Authors: Wulandari Priska Yovita Tri Wahyuningrum
Published: March 2024

This study aims to analyze the difference between numeracy, critical thinking and communication skills in classes that apply OK-LCD with classes that apply the lecture method. The subjects of the study were grade I elementary school students in Bekasi totaling 28 people for the control class and 27 people for the experimental class. The study period was conducted for four weeks starting October 2 to October 20, 2023. This study used a weak experimental design method with a static-group pretest-posttest design model. Research data are obtained through written tests and rubrics that have been tested for validity and reliability. The results of the analysis and statistical tests showed the difference in control class pretest scores with control class post test, experimental class pretest scores with experimental class post test, and control class nGain with experimental class nGain on numeracy skills, critical thinking rubrics, and student communication rubrics.  The data were expressed in the average nGain in the experimental class for numeracy, critical thinking and communication skills with consecutive scores of 0.56; 0,57; and 0.66. On average nGain in the control class for numeracy, critical thinking, and communication skills with consecutive scores of 0.40; 0,42; and 0.59. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is an increase in numeracy, critical thinking and communication skills in the control class and experimental class.
ANALISIS HUKUM PENERAPAN SANKSI PIDANA PENYALAHGUNAAN NARKOTIKA OLEH HAKIM DITINJAU DARI SEMA NOMOR 4 TAHUN 2010 DI KOTA PALEMBANG
Authors: Akrom Choirul Nur , Octavianus R. , Nirwan Nirwan , Putra Muhammad Arif Syah , Arista Windi
Published: March 2024

Abstrak

Penegakan hukum terhadap penyalahgunaan narkotika telah banyak dilakukan oleh aparat penegak hukum dan telah mendapat putusan hakim disidang pengadilan. Penegakan hukum diharapkan mampu memberikan jawaban yang membuat para peyalahgunaan narkotika dapat kembali hidup sebagaimana mestinya, oleh sebab itu dalam kenyataannya putusan yang diberikan oleh hakim berupa hukuman penjara dan bukan rehabilitasi. Penerapan Sanksi Penyalahgunaan Narkotika ditinjau dari SEMA Nomor 4 tahun 2010 di Kota Palembang berjalan sebagaimana yang diharapkan oleh Sema itu sendiri  hal tersebut dapat terlihat dari data yang ada di BNN 3 tahun  terakhir 2020-2022 yang terindikasi pecandu sebanyak 1.433 orang yang dilanjutkan penyidikan sebanyak 100 orang. Faktor-faktor penghambat tidak dapat diterapkannya hukum secara maksimal terhadap Undang-Undang Nomor 35 tahun 2009 tentang Narkotika di Kota Palembang, yang pertama kurang peran serta masyarakat, kedua masyarakat kurang memahami tugas dari BNN, ketiga bagi pengguna narkoba masih dianggap tabu oleh masyarat, kerena masyarakat merasa malu keluarganya tersangkut paut dengan narkoba, disamping hal-hal tersebutlah BNN terkendala untuk menangkap pengguna narkoba, kurangnya tempat rehabilitas, untuk keluarga ada yang takut anaknya ditangkap, padahal sebenarnya kalau ditangkap bukan berarti dipenjara, tetapi ada kemungkinan bisa direhabilitas dan rawat jalan, ini membuat BNN terkendala dalam menindak pengguna narkoba karena dari pihak keluarga tidak mau kerja sama dengan pihak BNN dan adanya membatasi ruang gerak Penegak Hukum diantaranya Sema Nomor 4 tahun 2010 tentang Penempatan Korban Penyalahgunaan Dan Pecandu Narkotika Kedalam Lembaga Rehabilitasi Dan Rehabilitasi Sosial.

Kata Kunci : Sema Nomor 4 tahun 2010, Korban, BNN
ANALISIS HUKUM PENGAWASAN PELAKSANAAN TENDER PROYEK PEMERINTAH DAERAH DENGAN PIHAK SWASTA DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PERSAINGAN USAHA DI KOTA PALEMBANG
Authors: Abidin Zainal , Supardiansah Supardiansah , Syamsuddin Syamsuddin , Utoyo Marsudi
Published: March 2024

Abstrak

Memiliki banyak hasil alam merupakan suatu penyebab banyaknya pedagang yang datang ke Palembang untuk membeli barang dagangan yang berupa rempah-rempah, getah kayu pewarna, lilin, gading gajah, dan timah. Pedagang-pedagang ini umumnya datang dari Jawa, Cina, Arab, India, Malaka dan Eropa. Para pedagang singgah di Palembang dalam jangka waktu yang lama karena menunggu pasang surut air laut serta perubahan arah angin. Pada masa ini, mereka membuat perkampungan-perkampungan tersendiri. Pelaksanaan fungsi pengawasan DPRD Kota Palembang terhadap Pembangunan dalam mewujudkan Pembangunan yang diinginkan di Kota Palembang, pengawasan tentang pembangunan di Kota Palembang, secara umum dapat dikatakan bahwa pengawasan oleh DPRD dilaksanakan secara baik dan profesioanl sesuai dengan ketentuan yang ada dengan pertimbangan beberapa aspek diantaranya: a) Pengawasan terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan tentang tender; b) Pengawasan terhadap pengadministrasian; c) Pengawasan terhadap pelaksanaan pembangunan yang dilakukan oleh mitra Pemerintah Daerah Kota Palembang; dan d) Pengawasan pembentukan panitia tender yang bersih dari KKN. Melihat permasalahan tersebut selalu timbul, maka diharapkan kepada Anggota DPRD Kota Palembang, yang menjalankan salah fungsinya dalam pengawasan terhadap pembangunan di Kota Palembang, secara serius dan professional, agar pencapaian pembanguna dapat dilakukan secara maksimal.

Kata Kunci: Analisis, Tender Proyek, Swasta
Effect of consumption of cocoa paste (Theobroma cacao L.) on anthropometric and clinical indicators in university students
Authors: Ornelas Andrea Guadalupe Romero , Ortega José Alberto Ariza , Cansino Nelly del Socorro Cruz , Rojas Quinatzin Yadira Zafra , García Ernesto Alanís , Olivares Luis Delgado , Ortega Tito Emilio Ariza , Trinidad Eva María Molina
Published: March 2024

University students are vulnerable to developing metabolic syndrome, due to the low consumption of foods with bioactive properties. Cocoa paste containing phenols (CPCP) may prevent it. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of consuming 1 g of cocoa paste for 4 weeks on anthropometric indicators, body composition, blood pressure and heart rate in university students. The population consisted of 7 men and 13 women. In the post-test measurement, students had the best result in weight (74.4-72.3 kg), BMI (26.0-25.2 kg/m2) and WC (85.5-83.5 cm), and in the body composition, only in the percentage of fat mass (62.3-60.9 %) there were significant differences (p>0.05). CPCP consumption in females decreased systolic and diastolic blood pressure (107.0 vs 100.0, p=0.023) and (76.0 vs 71.0, p=0.007) respectively. CPCP has a protective effect and may exert a preventive function.
Lojan Ground Snake (Atractus carrioni)
Authors: Zambrano Duvan
Published: March 2024

This is the species account about the Lojan Ground Snake (Atractus carrioni), a chapter in the Reptiles of Ecuador book. This account summarizes novel as well as historical information (recognition, natural history, distribution, conservation, etymology, and relevant literature) about the species and provides maps and images to facilitate identification of this reptile in the field.
Short-nosed Ground Snake (Atractus microrhynchus)
Authors: Arteaga Alejandro
Published: March 2024

This is the species account about the Short-nosed Ground Snake (Atractus microrhynchus), a chapter in the Reptiles of Ecuador book. This account summarizes novel as well as historical information (recognition, natural history, distribution, conservation, etymology, and relevant literature) about the species and provides maps and images to facilitate identification of this reptile in the field.
Sinergitas Pemimpin Gereja Menuju Kepemimpinan Transformatif di Era Disruptif
Authors: Lizardo Jimmy , Chendralisan Lenny H. S. , Sumakul Nicolien Meggy
Published: March 2024

Synergistic leadership is one of the keys to success in building an organization. Despite the reality on the ground, a leader is generally still often associated with seniority or gender status. Still, in the current era of disruption, the stigma of leadership based on seniority and gender must be eliminated because today's leaders place more emphasis on personal competence. To achieve remarkable goals, church leaders must build leadership that synergizes with subordinates, such as church ministers. The synergy referred to here is the collaboration of leadership teams between generations and genders. This study aims to explore the benefits of leadership synergy in an organization and provide direction for leaders on building optimal leadership synergy. Use literature reviews (books and journals) to analyze leadership synergies, transformative leaders, and technological disruption. The author proposes several steps to build leadership synergy to be optimal, including shepherds, creating a clear framework regarding the duties and responsibilities of each leader; generations of leaders respect each other's roles and authorities, strengthen communication in an attitude of mutual respect, and respect; establish a shared vision, mission, and goals; Develop a culture of collaborative work between leaders.

Abstrak
Kepemimpinan yang sinergis merupakan salah satu kunci keberhasilan dalam membangun suatu organisasi. Sekalipun realita di lapangan, pada umumnya seorang pemimpin masih sering dikaitkan dengan status senioritas atau gender, namun di era disrupsi saat ini stigma kepemimpinan berdasarkan senioritas dan gender harus dihilangkan, karena soal pemimpin masa kini lebih ditekankan pada kompetensi pribadi. Untuk mencapai tujuan yang besar, pemimpin gereja perlu membangun kepemimpinan yang bersinergi dengan bawahannya dalam hal ini pelayan-pelayan gereja. Bersinergi yang dimaksud di sini adalah kolaborasi tim kepemimpinan antargenerasi; dan antargender. Penelitian ini bertujuan menggali manfaat sinergitas kepemimpinan dalam sebuah organisasi dan memberi arah bagi pemimpin bagaimana cara membangun sinergitas kepemimpinan yang optimal. Menggunakan kajian literatur (buku dan jurnal) untuk menganalisis sinergitas kepemimpinan, pemimpin transformatif dan disrupsi teknologi. Penulis mengusulkan beberapa langkah membangun sinergitas kepemimpinan agar optimal, di antaranya: gembala membuat kerangka kerja yang jelas mengenai tugas dan tanggung jawab masing-masing pemimpin; generasi pemimpin saling menghargai peran dan kewenangan masing-masing; memperkuat komunikasi dalam sikap saling menghormati dan menghargai; menetapkan visi, misi dan tujuan bersama; mengembangkan budaya kerja kolaboratif antar pemimpin.
Students’ Motivation and Academic Engagement in Alternative Learning System
Authors:   Department of Education, Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines, Southern de Oro Philippines College, Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines, Idulsa Jr. Florencio L. , Luzano Rochelle A. ,   Department of Education, Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines, Southern de Oro Philippines College, Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines
Published: March 2024

Examining the factors that might have led students to continue the ALS program in spite of the difficulties they encountered is worth noting. This study sought to determine the level of motivation of ALS students in terms of intrinsic and extrinsic, the extent of academic engagement of ALS students in terms of timeliness of submission and quality of the output, and the significant relationship between the level of motivation and academic engagement. This was conducted among the one hundred fifteen (115) respondents from the ten (10) ALS Community Learning Centers (CLC) in West II District, Gingoog City, for the School Year 2022-2023. A researcher-made questionnaire, which was pilot-tested to establish internal consistency and reliability, was used. The study utilized statistical measures such as the mean, standard deviation, and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (r) to determine the significant relationship between academic engagement and motivation level. Because it directly benefits them and they inspire others to be ambitious and competitive, the study discovered that the respondents had very high levels of both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. The respondents' high levels of academic engagement were also shown by the results, indicating a significant correlation between academic engagement and motivation. It is concluded that the students have strong internal fulfillment and willingness to engage in learning activities driven by external goals. Continuous guidance and inspiration from the learning facilitator are recommended.
Penerapan Senam Kehamilan Untuk Mencegah Robekan Perineum Pada Ibu Hamil di Puskesmas Selong
Authors: Supiani Supiani , Yusuf Nurlathifah N
Published: March 2024

Senam hamil bertujuan untuk memperkuat otot-otot dinding perut, ligamen, dan otot dasar panggul yang terlibat dalam proses persalinan serta menjaga elastisitas perineum. Proses melahirkan seringkali menyebabkan kerusakan pada jalan lahir. Cedera yang terjadi biasanya ringan namun seringkali luas dan berbahaya sehingga menyebabkan pendarahan dan trauma saat melahirkan dan ketakutan pada saat berhubungan seksual, sehingga perlu dilakukan senam hamil upaya mencegah robekan perineum. Kegiatan pengabdian Masyarakat ini dimulai dari tahap persiapan, penjelasan tujuan, manfaat pelaksanaan kegiatan, dan melakukan senam hamil. Kegiatan berlangsung selama 1 hari di Aula Puskesmas Selong. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa senam hamil diikuti oleh 22 orang ibu hamil dan kegiatan ini terlaksana dengan lancar dan penuh semangat.
The Attitude of Family Firms Toward Digital Transformation: From the Organizational Learning Perspective
Authors: Chung Pi-Hui , Lee Cheng-Yu
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Digital transformation has been recognized as a challenge and an opportunity for conservative family firms to develop and renew their strategies to survive and grow in the digital era. This study draws on the organizational learning perspective to examine the attitude of family firms toward digital transformation. More specifically, this study investigates whether family firms invest more or less in digital transformation than non-family firms, and how this effect is conditioned by governance factors, namely, board dependence and family involvement in ownership. The empirical results show that the attitude of family firms toward digital transformation is not significant, but the negative effect of family firms toward digital transformation would be augmented if taking higher board independence and family involvement in ownership. The results of this study enrich the literature on organizational learning perspective and extend the research of digital transformation in the context of family businesses.

JEL classification numbers: D22, D83.
Keywords: Digital Transformation, Organizational Learning, Family Business.
Effect of grazing on the composition and floristic diversity during fallow at El-Tarf, Algeria
Authors: Matallah Saida , Matallah Fouzi
Published: March 2024

In the El-Tarf region, located in northeastern Algeria, fallow lands are frequently used as grazing grounds for sheep flocks, where they are left all day with a significant grazing load. Limited studies conducted to assess the effects of grazing have yielded varied and sometimes contradictory results, thus underscoring the need for reliable local data. The study aims to assess the impact of grazing on the floristic richness, diversity, production, and chemical composition of fallow lands in the El-Tarf region (northeast Algeria). Measurements were taken during the optimal vegetation period from March to June over a period of 2 years (2019 and 2020). The experimental design included a single factor: grazing intensity (no grazing, moderate grazing, and intense grazing). The results indicated that grazing reduced floristic richness and diversity (Maximum Diversity, Shannon and Weaver Index, Evenness Index), but it did not have an effect on coverage. The non-grazed fallow land is richer, hosting 23 herbaceous species distributed among 8 botanical families, with the most represented being Asteraceae (39 %), followed by Poaceae (26 %). The Fabaceae, on the other hand, display a more modest representation, accounting for only 13 %.Grazing also decreased significantly the biomass and total aboveground herbaceous phytomass, with improvements noted in non-grazed conditions, recording values of 3.80 t.DM.ha-1 and 1.77 t.DM.ha-1, respectively. In addition, grazing had a significant impact on chemical composition, with the highest values recorded for moderate grazing, reaching 14.7 % for total nitrogen content and 11.66 % for mineral content.
Efeitos colaterais dos inseticidas neurotóxicos flubendiamida e lambda cialotrina no intestino médio da lagarta desfolhadora Spodoptera cosmioides (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors:   , Rocha Francelina Aparecida Duarte
Published: March 2024

A lagarta Spodoptera cosmioides Walker, 1858 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), conhecida popularmente como lagarta-da-vagem ou lagarta-preta, é uma praga em expansão de diversos cultivos agrícolas. Elas provocam quedas nos rendimentos agrícolas e estão presentes em todos os estágios vegetativos. Atualmente, o controle desta praga é feito principalmente com o uso de inseticidas químicos, mas ainda há deficiências de inseticidas registrados para essa praga, por isso é importante testar outros possíveis químicos para serem utilizados no controle de S. cosmioides. O flubendiamida e o lambda-cialotrina são inseticidas são utilizados contra uma gama de lepidópteros pragas e é efetivo contra vários insetos pragas. A interação desses produtos com células do intestino médio de lagartas determina a sua eficácia inseticida. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a sobrevivência, toxicidade e as alterações histopatológicas no intestino médio de S. cosmioides expostas ao flubendiamida e ao lambda cialotrina. Flubendiamida foi tóxico para S. cosmioides (CL50 = 3,49 mg L-1 e CL90 = 8,095 mg L-1), com a taxa de sobrevivência após 72 h reduzida de 80,92% do controle para 39,76% com a CL 50 e 21,53% com a CL90. Lambda cialotrina foi tóxico para S. cosmioides (CL50 = 23,03 mg L-1 e CL90 = 174,8 mg L-1), com a taxa de sobrevivência após 72 h reduzida de 83,33% no controle, para 37,89%, 16,66%, 0%, e 0% com as CL25, CL50, CL75 e CL90 de lambda- cialotrina, respectivamente. Intestino médio de S. cosmioides foi extraído após ingestão dos inseticidas e avaliado por microscopia de luz. Os inseticidas causaram desorganização celular, degeneração da borda estriada, fragmentação de células e vacuolização celular e alguns núcleos com cromatina condensada. Portanto, Flubendiamida e Lambda cialotrina são nocivos a S. cosmioides em concentrações letais médias provocando mudanças histológicas severas com degeneração do epitélio do intestino médio. Palavras-chave: Flubendiamida. Lagartas. Lambda cialotrina. Toxicidade.
Varronia curassavica Jacq. (Boraginaceae) as an agroecological tool for coffee pest management
Authors:   , Andrade Fernanda Pereira
Published: March 2024

Coffee (Coffea sp.) is a crop of great relevance in agriculture. However, its productivity can be severely affected by the attack of pests, such as Leucoptera coffeella and Hypothenemus hampei. The coffee leaf miner, L. coffeella, is a key coffee pest in the Neotropics. The larvae feed on the parenchyma of coffee leaves decreasing the photosynthesis capacity and leading to significant losses in yield. The coffee berry borer, H. hampei, is the most damaging insect pest of coffee worldwide. This pest lives inside the coffee berry consuming the seeds thus reducing the quantity and quality of the coffee grains. The most common method of control to both pests is the use of synthetic pesticides, which have a low effectiveness due to the selection of resistant populations. Additionally, the excessive use of these products could have a severe impact in the environment and non-target individuals. An alternative for the management of these pests could be the use of specific plants and their secondary metabolites, such as the essential oils. Varronia curassavica is a medicinal species that produces an essential oil with a range of biological activities besides attracting natural enemies, such as the Chrysopidae. The specie Chrysoperla externa is an important biological control agent of a variety of pests, including L. coffeella and H. hampei. In this study, I investigate whether V. curassavica can be used in the management of L. coffeella and H. hampei and benefit their natural enemy C. externa. I performed a greenhouse experiment to evaluate if the association of V. curassavica plants with coffee plants would affect the oviposition of L. coffeella and its predator C. externa (Chapter I). The association of the V. curassavica plants with coffee plants didn’t affect L. coffeella oviposition, however, it increased the C. externa oviposition. I also investigate the effects of the V. curassavica essential oil in the oviposition and the development of eggs and mines of L. coffeella (Chapter II). The V. curassavica essential oil inhibited the oviposition of L. coffeella but did not affect the development of its eggs and mines. I evaluated the lethal and sublethal effects of V. curassavica essential oil on H. hampei, assessing the mortality rates, the mobility of H. hampei, and the repellence of the essential oil to this pest (Chapter III). The essential oil of V. curassavica is toxic to H. hampei and affects its mobility, but it wasn’t repellent to the pest in the concentration tested. This study demonstrates that V. curassavica plant and its essential oil could be a safer alternative in the management of the key coffee pests. Keywords: Coffea sp. Leucoptera coffeella. Hypothenemus hampei. Chrysoperla externa.
Pencil Beams and High-Precision Aiming of Wireless Power
Authors:   Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA, Schubert Peter J
Published: March 2024

Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) is the technique of delivering energy to specific targets with high-gain antennas. An important global application is SpaceBased Solar Power (SBSP) in which powersats in Earth orbit gather sunlight and beam this power to terrestrial groundstations (rectennae). At the distances involved, and the power levels needed to be economical, any stray (off-axis or off-target) energy can disrupt communications, giving cause for regulatory restriction or public objection of SBSP. Until recently, sidelobe levels (SLL) were limited to no lower than -60 dB, meaning that a gigawatt beam would give off kilowatt-range SLL, leading to desensitization of communications devices for a very wide radius surrounding a rectenna. The author discovered, published, and validated a specific design for a phased array antenna (PAA) that allows SLL to be reduced to -240 dB, creating what is called a "pencil beam" with negligible off-axis energy. Studies have found that this method can be applied to PAA as small as 6 m diameter at 5.8 GHz. This breakthrough discovery was first published in 2016 but appears to have largely escaped notice by the WPT community. The second issue is aiming accuracy, with the de facto solution being phase conjugation at the transmit PAA using a pilot beam issued from the receiver. While elegant, the accuracy of angle of arrival (AOA) using phase conjugtion is limited to about 1 degree (17 milliradians). This is sufficient for 5G signals over 100s of meters, but grossly inadequate for SBSP that requires microradian pointing accuracy. A novel method to detect AOA at the microrad scale that is separated from the transmitter emission electronics allows independent optimization of both. This work presents simulation studies showing microradian capability and laboratory results in the single millirad range, a factor of 10 improvement over the current state of the art. With this new approach, an orbiting powersat can aim its beam to a terrestrial target with stability under 100 m with off-axis energy at -127 dBm (typical surface environments are -100 to -80 dBm). The combination of a pencil beam and highly-accurate AOA detection bode well for realizing the benefits of SBSP.
Comparison of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) and Smear Scan Results, the Relationship of the Virus with Dysplasia and its Distribution According to the Age of the Cases
Authors:   Assistant Professor Department of Pathology, Istanbul Demiroğlu Bilim University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul/Turkey, Sen Alptekin
Published: March 2024

Human papillomavirus (HPV) can cause dysplastic changes and cancer in many body areas, especially in the cervix (cervix). There are many scientific studies and contents that have been done on this subject and have proven this situation. However; How parallel are the detection of the virus and the smear scan results, and how relevant is the relationship of the virus with dysplasia to the age of the patients, does this have clinical meaning? We carried out a study to seek answers to these questions.
EXAMINATION OF ROMANIA’S ROAD NETWORK IN THE LAST 5 YEARS
Authors:   University of Debrecen, Faculty of Economics, Institute of Statistics and Methodology, Debrecen, Hungary, Csipkés Margit , Kertész-Szabó Z.
Published: March 2024

The development of transport can be traced back to the Middle Ages. The plants and manufactories involved in the production of products mainly satisfied local needs. Later, however, with the increase in production volume and the saturation of local needs, the production manufactories sought new markets for themselves. In the beginning, the merchants themselves carried out the delivery of the goods, but the work of the merchants was constantly expanding, and thus it became necessary to use transport companies. In our article, we examine the current situation of road transport in Romania in the last 5 years regarding public roads and highways. We examined the length of the roads in Romania and what place it occupies within the European Union.
SARS-COV-2 INFLUENCES IN HOSPITAL FUNDING
Authors:   “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, Romania, MEZEI Sebastian
Published: March 2024

The challenges to which all health systems in the world are subjected put pressure on the government to find solutions, mainly for their financing, but also the possibility of ensuring the highest possible level of quality of the medical services provided to the population. During the SARS-Cov-2 pandemic, very often, health systems have been outdated and unable to provide medical services at the expected level, including in countries considered to offer medical services at the highest level. Spending on supporting health systems during the pandemic has been substantial, with each state applying different strategies to support the health system, especially hospital units. In Romania, half of the budget allocated to health is spent by hospitals, and during the pandemic they have benefited from a series of facilities in order to support their activity and ensure the medical services offered to patients. Among the extremely important measures taken in Romania, during the pandemic, there is the financing of hospitals at the level contracted with the health insurance houses, given the limitation of patients’ access to the medical services offered in hospitals. This paper is based on qualitative and quantitative research of the indicators in six hospital units in the west of the country, which analyzes the level of funding and the rate of bed use before the pandemic and the challenges after it. The conclusions of the study show that the rate of use of beds in analyzed hospitals is decreasing, especially influenced by the pandemic period, which leads, in addition to the increasing costs necessary for operation, to additional pressures in providing the necessary funds to provide medical services to patients.
DECISION TREE OR LOGISTIC REGRESSION – WHICH BASIC MODEL IS BETTER?
Authors:   Department of Business Statistics and Economic Forecasting, Faculty of Economics, University of Miskolc, Miskolc, Hungary, Fodor Kitti
Published: March 2024

In this paper, my aim is to show which of the data in the Central Credit Information System are the ones that influence the factors that are then used to perform the analysis using a decision tree and logistic regression, and I would like to know, which of the two basic model is the better one. For the analyses, I used a random sample of 500 items, reflecting the proportions of performing and non-performing loans in the population. For both methods, one variable was found to be significant, which was the ratio of the repayment to the contract amount, so this is the most significant of the data recorded by the Central Credit Information System in terms of loan defaults. If I compare the two methods, I can conclude that both methods have a high level of accuracy, but logistic regression is the one that produced better results, as it was able to identify a higher proportion of defaulted loans. Unfortunately, the decision tree could not identify any defaulting loans despite its higher classification accuracy. The reason can be the unfavourable sample composition. Finally, the logistic regression was able to categorize the transactions with 81,1% accuracy and has better AUC value and better value for Gini coefficients.
The use of prepositions in expressing the syntactic attitude in the sentence
Authors: Конисов Г
Published: March 2024

Among the most urgent issues in contemporary linguistics are problems related to linguistic designation, specifically the examination of the distinctive features of words with relative semantics. Functioning as a function word, prepositions typically come before a noun or its syntactic replacement. Expressing the syntactic reliance of a noun on other words in phrases, prepositions serve as function words. They enable the specification of intricate semantic connections between elements of a sentence, whether they arc in close proximity or distant, and facilitate the organization of these connections into a unified semantic structure.
Borrowings of english sports terms in Karakalpak
Authors: Курбанбаев Дж , Джумамуратова М
Published: March 2024

Language is a dynamic entity that constantly evolves, adapting to changing societal and cultural influences. The borrowing of foreign words, or loanwords, is a common phenomenon in linguistics. This article explores the presence and adaptation of English sports terms in the Karakalpak language, a turkic language spoken in Uzbekistan. The study examines the mechanisms of borrowing, phonological and morphological adaptations, and the implications of these borrowings for the Karakalpak language and its speakers. By delving into the impact of globalization and sports on language, this research sheds light on the dynamic nature of linguistic evolution and cross-cultural exchange.
Til biliminde sóylew etiketi túsinigi
Authors: Темирбаев Т
Published: March 2024

Til hár qanday jámiyette de óz rawajlanıw jolına iye. Til- ulıwma xalıqtıń ortaq múlki. Sebebi, hár bir adam til baylanıslarınan kereginshe, óz pikirlesiw, oy tanıw sheńberinen kelip shıǵıp paydalanadı.
A linguistic and regional approach to the study of english and the karakalpak audience
Authors: Даужанова Г , Менлимуратова Е
Published: March 2024

This scientific article explores the unique linguistic and regional aspects of teaching and studying English in the context of the Karakalpak audience, a Turkic-speaking ethnic group residing in the Karakalpakstan region of Uzbekistan. It examines the challenges and opportunities presented by this regional context and the implications for English language education
Gamification and game-based learning in teaching english
Authors: Лубна Али Мохаммед , Мапарова З
Published: March 2024

In recent years, there has been a major shift in the way that individuals learn languages. With technological advancements, language learning has become more interactive, engaging and entertaining than ever before. More and more learners are finding that they are able to learn a language more effectively than they would have done through traditional methods. An increasing number of studies have been carried out on the use of gamification on language learning and how it can enhance language proficiency, motivation and engagement among learners. The concept of gamification, which refers to the integration of game elements and mechanics into non-game processes or tasks, has been found to be effective in promoting learning.
The role of rubrics and checklists in validation of speaking skill
Authors: Калмуратова И
Published: March 2024

Rubrics and checklists are essential tools in the validation of speaking skills as they provide a standardized and objective way to assess and evaluate a person's ability to communicate effectively in a spoken language. Rubrics are scoring guides that outline the criteria and levels of performance for a particular task or skill, while checklists are simple lists of specific skills or tasks that need to be demonstrated during a speaking assessment. According to the result of the research, rubrics and checklists are valuable tools in the validation of speaking skills as they provide a systematic and consistent way to assess and evaluate a person’s ability to communicate effectively in a spoken language
Хқту ботаникалық бағындағы жеміс ағаштары зиянкестерінің биологиясын зерттеу
Authors: Сейтметова А , Абданкул Г
Published: March 2024

Жемістер – жемірлер мен бізтұмсық қоңыздардың, сондай-ақ кейбір егеіштердің сүйікті дәмді қорегі болып табылады. Бұған қоса көбелектер (күйелер) шырынды жұмсағын, ал бізтұмсық қоңыздар мен сары егегіштер сүйекшелерін жақсы көреді. Жапырақ шипатқыш көбелегі айрықша иян келтіреді: жұлдызқұрт кезінде жаздың асында ол бүршіктер мен түйіндерді белсенді түрде жеп, өсімдіктің өнімділігін едәуір төмендетеді, сөйтіп бірте-бірте өнімділік пайызын минимумға апарады. Қанатты шыбын-шіркейдің жеке түрлері жұмыртқаларын тікелей жидек үстіне салып, өз ұрпағына қорек дайындайды
Биология пәні мұғалімінің диагностикалық қызметін дамыту жолдары
Authors: Назарбек Г , Дуйсебекова А
Published: March 2024

Кәсіби қызметтің кез-келген саласында өндірістік өнімнің сапасы мен жағдайының диагностикасының рольі айрықша. Мұғалімнің кәсіби педагогикалық қызметі, педагогикалық ұжымның қызметі, осы сияқты.
Оқушы төмен үлгерімінің себептерін жоюдағы мұғалімнің қызметі
Authors: Убайдуллаева А , Дуйсебекова А
Published: March 2024

Білім беру сапасын қамтамасыз ету бойынша практикалық және ұйымдастырушылық міндеттерді іске асыру үшін үлгермеушілік құбылысының өзі туралы, оның көріну белгілері мен нысандары туралы жаңа теориялық білім талап етіледі. Бұл проблеманы кешенді зерттеудің маңызы зор. Оқу іс әрекетінде үлгермеушілік проблемасы көптеген жылдар бойы мұғалімдер мен психологтармен қарастырылды
DISCOURSE ANALYSIS ON THE FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE FOUND IN POETRY COMPOSITIONS OF GRADE 10 WORLD LITERATURE STUDENT
Authors: Saure Junah M. , JANCINAL RYAN A.
Published: March 2024

This qualitative research employing discourse analysis aimed to identify the types of figurative language and their functions in the poetry compositions of Grade 10 World Literature students from three schools in Compostela West district, Division of Davao de Oro. The students created a poem consisting of five stanzas, each stanza consisting of five lines with the same theme about love. The study used the theory of Classification of Figurative Language of Tarigan (1985) and the theory of the Functions of Figurative Language of Perrine (1969). The researcher identified the types of figurative language and their functions after transcribing and thoroughly reading the poem. The data gathered revealed that out of the 17 types of figurative language, only nine were used. The students used figurative language to enhance their output creatively and make it more interesting. Each type of figurative language had different functions and meanings that touched the reader's emotions, created a connection with the reader, and conveyed ideas purposefully. It was also noted that many types of figurative language were not used. Hence, teachers must identify the strengths and weaknesses of the students to help them improve their writing and communication skills. This would enable the students to effectively express their thoughts and ideas through writing and speaking. The findings of this study are significant to the students, English teachers, and school administrators as figurative language can be used as a helpful tool in communicating emotions and ideas.