bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impacts of passive elephant rewilding: assessment of human fatalities in India
Authors: Natarajan Lakshminarayanan , Nigam Parag , Pandav Bivash
Published: March 2023

Elephant ranges in Asia overlap with human-use areas, leading to frequent and often negative two-way interactions, a fraction of which result in human fatalities. Minimizing such negative interactions rests on gaining a mechanistic understanding of their patterns and underlying processes. In Chhattisgarh (India), a rewilding population of 250–300 elephants that have recently expanded their range from neighbouring states through dispersal has been causing annual losses of >60 human lives. Using logistic regression models, we examined the influences of eight plausible predictors of the occurrence of elephant-related human fatality incidents. We found that 70% of incidents occurred in areas with high-intensity habitat use by elephants; the other 30% were in areas of intermediate and sporadic elephant habitat use. The probability of human fatalities was high along the roads connecting settlements and in areas with frequent house break-ins by elephants, and this probability was also affected by the spatial geometry of forest patches. Immediate practical options to minimize fatal interactions include community-based early-warning systems and the use of portable barriers around settlements. Judicious landscape-level land-use planning aimed at maintaining the resilience of remnant intact elephant habitats will be critical to preventing the dispersal of elephants into suboptimal habitats, which can create complex conflict situations.
Personality Is Associated with Driving Avoidance in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA)
Authors: Stinchcombe Arne , Hopper Shawna , Hammond Nicole G. , Weaver Bruce , Bédard Michel
Published: March 2023

As individuals age and become aware of changes in their driving capabilities, they are more likely to self-regulate their driving by avoiding certain driving situations (i.e., night driving, rush hour traffic, etc.). In this paper, we sought to examine the correlates of situational driving avoidance with a particular emphasis on the roles of personality traits, gender, and cognition within a large sample of mid-life and older adults from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA). Our findings show that women of older ages tend to report more driving avoidance and that personality traits, specifically extraversion, emotional stability, and openness to experience, may reduce driving avoidance. A negative association was also found between cognition and driving avoidance, such that individuals with higher cognition reported less driving avoidance.
Capturing Seismic Signals From Karst Aquifer Injection Experiments and a Natural Recharge Event
Authors: Bilek S. L. , Luhmann A. J. , Grapenthin R. , Woo Han Byul , Gochenour J. A.
Published: March 2023

Variations in subsurface flow processes through a karst aquifer that feeds Bear Spring in southeastern Minnesota were captured on a temporary seismic network during injection experiments and a natural recharge event. Each experiment involved injecting ∼13,000 L of water into an overflow spring, and the natural event was triggered by a large rainstorm of ∼70 min in duration. During the injection experiments, the largest amplitude signals in the ground velocity seismograms occurred as the water first fell onto the rock at the overflow spring and as the large slug of water reached a sump or water‐filled passage. During the natural rainstorm event, the overflow spring began flowing and total spring discharge (perennial emanation points and the overflow spring) increased from ∼100 to 300 L/s. Seismic signals during and following the rain event include broadband noise from raindrops impacting the ground, as well as large amplitude signals while water levels rose; the latter occurred over a 5‐s period, producing multiple pulses of ground motion up to ∼0.5 mm/s. Based on seismic array analysis, high frequency signals during the natural recharge event and one of the injection experiments are largely sourced from south of the array, where a sump exists and the conduit orientation changes, but additional modeling is required to further understand which of a set of possible mechanisms is mostly likely the cause of these seismic signals.
Sources and Sinks of Interannual Steric Sea Level Variability
Authors: Hochet Antoine , Llovel William , Sévellec Florian , Huck Thierry
Published: March 2023

Understanding the mechanisms of regional steric sea level variability is fundamental to understand the regional sea level variability recorded by satellite altimetry for years and to insure that future projections made by climate models are realistic. Here, we first develop a novel method based on steric sea level variance budget that allows to detect the sources and sinks of the variability. Using the “Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean” (ECCO V4) state estimate, we then show that interannual steric sea level variability is mainly sustained by interannual fluctuating winds via Ekman transport almost everywhere. The damping of the variability is made by both the interannual fluctuating net heat flux from the atmosphere, that largely dominates the atmospheric freshwater fluxes, and the parametrized effect of eddies. It is also found that the parametrized effect of diffusion on the variability is weak in most regions and that, although globally weak, the fluctuations of atmospheric freshwater fluxes are a source of variance close to the Equator in the Pacific Ocean.
Between Broadening and Narrowing: How Mixing Affects the Width of the Droplet Size Distribution
Authors: Lim Jung‐Sub , Hoffmann Fabian
Published: March 2023

Entrainment and mixing play an essential role in shaping the droplet size distribution (DSD), with commensurate effects on cloud radiative properties or precipitation formation. In this paper, we use a model that considers all relevant scales related to entrainment and mixing by employing the linear eddy model (LEM) as a subgrid‐scale (SGS) mixing model, coupled with a large‐eddy simulation model and a Lagrangian cloud model (LCM) for a single cumulus congestus cloud. We confirm that the DSD is broadened toward small‐size droplets during homogeneous mixing. During inhomogeneous mixing, the DSD width remains almost unchanged. The DSD width can also be narrowed after mixing. We show that this happens when DSD is broadened toward small‐size droplets, which evaporate rapidly, while larger droplets are almost unaffected. In addition, when droplets ascend during mixing, DSD narrowing is caused when the adiabatic increase in supersaturation is slower than the average droplet evaporation, allowing only the largest droplets to benefit from the newly produced supersaturation. The narrowing mixing scenario prevents clouds from having too broad DSDs and causes the DSD relative dispersion to converge around 0.2 to 0.4. As this scenario is more frequent when the LEM SGS model is used, our results indicate that adequately modeling turbulent mixing is necessary to represent a realistic DSD shape.
Responses of the AC/DC Global Electric Circuit to Volcanic Electrical Activity in the Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'apai Eruption on 15 January 2022
Authors: Bór J. , Bozóki T. , Sátori G. , Williams E. , Behnke S. A. , Rycroft M. J. , Buzás A. , Silva H. G. , Kubicki M. , Said R. , Vagasky C. , Steinbach P. , André K. Szabóné , Atkinson M.
Published: March 2023

Responses of the AC and DC global electric circuits (GECs) to the large eruption of the Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'apai (HT‐HH) volcano on 15 January 2022 are discussed. The AC‐related investigation is based on Schumann resonance (SR) measurements from six stations on four continents. The DC‐related investigation utilizes atmospheric electric field (potential gradient, PG) measurements from six recording stations in Europe and the USA. According to data from the GLD360 and WWLLN lightning detection networks, the peak lightning stroke rate, 83/s, was dominated by negative polarity lightning, but the distributions of positive and negative lightning discharges in latitude and longitude around the volcano differed. A global intensification of SR is apparent in connection with the enhanced lightning activity caused by the eruption. SR data‐based results confirm that the lightning activity in the eruption dominated the naturally occurring global activity for a period of about 1 hr. The highly localized increase in lightning activity over HT‐HH was a unique point source of SR excitation. PG measurements suggest that impulse‐like charging of the DC GEC, by ∼15%, via negative cloud‐to‐ground lightning strokes took place twice during the eruption. A time constant of 7 or 8 min has been inferred for near‐surface PG changes due to these enhancements. This could be the first direct measurement of the time constant of the GEC near the Earth's surface, as well as the first observation of the direct charging of the DC GEC by a unique atmospheric electrified source.
Understanding Precipitation Bias Sensitivities in E3SM‐Multi‐Scale Modeling Framework From a Dilution Framework
Authors: Liu Nana , Pritchard Michael S. , Jenney Andrea M. , Hannah Walter M.
Published: March 2023

We investigate a set of Energy Exascale Earth System Model Multi‐scale modeling framework (MMF) (E3SM‐MMF) simulations that vary the dimensionality and momentum transport configurations of the embedded cloud‐resolving models (CRMs), including unusually ambitious 3D configurations. Issues endemic to all MMF simulations include too much Intertropical Convergence Zone rainfall and too little over the Amazon. Systematic MMF improvements include more on‐equatorial rainfall across the Warm Pool. Interesting sensitivities to the CRM domain are found in the regional time‐mean precipitation pattern over the tropics. The 2D E3SM‐MMF produces an unrealistically rainy region over the northwestern tropical Pacific; this is reduced in computationally ambitious 3D configurations that use 1,024 embedded CRM grid columns per host cell. Trajectory analysis indicates that these regional improvements are associated with desirably fewer tropical cyclones and less extreme precipitation rates. To understand why and how the representation of precipitation improved in 3D, we propose a framework that dilution is stronger in 3D. This viewpoint is supported by multiple indirect lines of evidence, including a delayed moisture‐precipitation pickup, smaller precipitation efficiency, and amplified convective mass flux profiles and more high clouds. We also demonstrate that the effects of varying embedded CRM dimensionality and momentum transport on precipitation can be identified during the first few simulated days, providing an opportunity for rapid model tuning without high computational cost. Meanwhile the results imply that other less computationally intensive ways to enhance dilution within MMF CRMs may also be strategic tuning targets.
Correlation between retinal vein pulse amplitude, estimated intracranial pressure, and postural change
Authors: Morgan W. H. , Khoo J. , Vukmirovic A. , Abdul-Rahman A. , An D. , Mehnert A. , Obreschkow D. , Chowdhury E. , Yu D. Y.
Published: March 2023

Spaceflight associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS) is common amongst astronauts on long duration space missions and is associated with signs consistent with elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure. Additionally, CSF pressure has been found to be elevated in a significant proportion of astronauts in whom lumbar puncture was performed after successful mission completion. We have developed a retinal photoplethysmographic technique to measure retinal vein pulsation amplitudes. This technique has enabled the development of a non-invasive CSF pressure measurement apparatus. We tested the system on healthy volunteers in the sitting and supine posture to mimic the range of tilt table extremes and estimated the induced CSF pressure change using measurements from the CSF hydrostatic indifferent point. We found a significant relationship between pulsation amplitude change and estimated CSF pressure change (p < 0.0001) across a range from 2.7 to 7.1 mmHg. The increase in pulse amplitude was highest in the sitting posture with greater estimated CSF pressure increase (p < 0.0001), in keeping with physiologically predicted CSF pressure response. This technique may be useful for non-invasive measurement of CSF pressure fluctuations during long-term space voyages.
Identification of osteosarcoma m6A-related prognostic biomarkers using artificial intelligence: RBM15
Authors: Jiang Jie , Qu Haishun , Zhan Xinli , Liu Dachang , Liang Tuo , Chen Liyi , Huang Shengsheng , Sun Xuhua , Chen Jiarui , Chen Tianyou , Li Hao , Yao Yuanlin , Liu Chong
Published: March 2023

Osteosarcoma has the worst prognosis among malignant bone tumors, and effective biomarkers are lacking. Our study aims to explore m6A-related and immune-related biomarkers. Gene expression profiles of osteosarcoma and healthy controls were downloaded from multiple public databases, and their m6A-based gene expression was utilized for tumor typing using bioinformatics. Subsequently, a prognostic model for osteosarcoma was constructed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and multivariate Cox regression analysis, and its immune cell composition was calculated using the CIBERSORTx algorithm. We also performed drug sensitivity analysis for these two genes. Finally, analysis was validated using immunohistochemistry. We also examined the RBM15 gene by qRT-PCR in an in vitro experiment. We collected routine blood data from 1738 patients diagnosed with osteosarcoma and 24,344 non-osteosarcoma patients and used two independent sample t tests to verify the accuracy of the CIBERSORTx analysis for immune cell differences. The analysis based on m6A gene expression tumor typing was most reliable using the two typing methods. The prognostic model based on the two genes constituting RNA-binding motif protein 15 (RBM15) and YTDC1 had a much lower survival rate for patients in the high-risk group than those in the low-risk group (P < 0.05). CIBERSORTx immune cell component analysis demonstrated that RBM15 showed a negative and positive correlation with T cells gamma delta and activated natural killer cells, respectively. Drug sensitivity analysis showed that these two genes showed varying degrees of correlation with multiple drugs. The results of immunohistochemistry revealed that the expression of these two genes was significantly higher in osteosarcoma than in paraneoplastic tissues. The results of qRT-PCR experiments showed that the expression of RBM15 was significantly higher in both osteosarcomas than in the control cell lines. Absolute lymphocyte value, lymphocyte percentage, hematocrit and erythrocyte count were lower in osteosarcoma than in the control group (P < 0.001). RBM15 and YTHDC1 can serve as potential prognostic biomarkers associated with m6A in osteosarcoma.
Morphological and histochemical identification of telocytes in adult yak epididymis
Authors: Yang Dapeng , Yuan Ligang , Chen Shaoyu , Zhang Yong , Ma Xiaojie , Xing Yindi , Song Juanjuan
Published: March 2023

Telocytes (TCs) are a newly discovered type of mesenchymal cell that are closely related to the tissue’s internal environment. The study aimed to investigate the morphological identification of TCs in the epididymis of adult yak and their role in the local microenvironment. In this study, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, qRT-PCR, and western blotting were used to analyze the cell morphology of TCs. The results showed that there are two types of TCs in the epididymal stroma of yak by TEM; one type is distributed around the capillaries with full cell bodies, longer TPs, and a large number of secretory vesicles; the other is distributed outside the basement membrane with irregularly long, striped, large nuclei and short telopodes (TPs). In addition, these TCs formed complex TC cell networks through TPs with epididymal interstitial capillaries and basal fibroblasts. TCs often appear near the capillaries and basement membrane by special staining. The surface markers of TCs (CD34, vimentin, and CD117) were positively expressed in the epididymal stroma and epithelium by immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence co-expression of vimentin + CD34 and CD117 + CD34 was observed on the surface of TCs. The trends in the mRNA and protein expression of TCs surface markers revealed expression was highest in the caput epididymis. In summary, this is first report of TCs in the epididymis of yak, and two phenotypes of TCs were observed. The existence and distribution characteristics of TCs in the epididymis of plateau yaks provide important clues for further study of the adaptation to reproductive function in the plateau.
Unfamiliar face matching ability predicts the slope of face learning
Authors: Baker Kristen A. , Mondloch Catherine J.
Published: March 2023

We provide the first examination of individual differences in the efficiency of face learning. Investigating individual differences in face learning can illuminate potential mechanisms and provide greater understanding of why certain individuals might be more efficient face learners. Participants completed two unfamiliar face matching tasks and a learning task in which learning was assessed after viewing 1, 3, 6, and 9 images of to-be-learned identities. Individual differences in the slope of face learning (i.e., increases in sensitivity to identity) were predicted by the ability to discriminate between matched (same-identity) vs. mismatched (different-identity) pairs of wholly unfamiliar faces. A Dual Process Signal Detection model showed that three parameters increased with learning: Familiarity (an unconscious type of memory that varies in strength), recollection-old (conscious recognition of a learned identity), and recollection-new (conscious/confident rejection of novel identities). Good (vs. poor) matchers had higher Recollection-Old scores throughout learning and showed a steeper increase in Recollection-New. We conclude that good matchers are better able to capitalize on exposure to within-person variability in appearance, an effect that is attributable to their conscious memory for both learned and novel faces. These results have applied implications and will inform contemporary and traditional models of face identification.
Substantially elevated serum glutamate and CSF GOT-1 levels associated with cerebral ischemia and poor neurological outcomes in subarachnoid hemorrhage patients
Authors: Snider Silvia , Albano Luigi , Gagliardi Filippo , Comai Stefano , Roncelli Francesca , De Domenico Pierfrancesco , Pompeo Edoardo , Panni Pietro , Bens Nicole , Calvi Maria Rosa , Mortini Pietro , Ruban Angela
Published: March 2023

Brain injury and cerebral vasospasm during the 14 days after the subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) are considered the leading causes of poor outcomes. The primary injury induces a cascade of events, including increased intracranial pressure, cerebral vasospasm and ischemia, glutamate excitotoxicity, and neuronal cell death. The objective of this study was to monitor the time course of glutamate, and associated enzymes, such as glutamate–oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT1), glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum, shortly after SAH, and to assess their prognostic value. A total of 74 participants participated in this study: 45 participants with SAH and 29 controls. Serum and CSF were sampled up to 14 days after SAH. SAH participants' clinical and neurological status were assessed at hospitalization, at discharge from the hospital, and 3 months after SAH. Furthermore, a logistic regression analysis was carried out to evaluate the ability of GOT1 and glutamate levels to predict neurological outcomes. Our results demonstrated consistently elevated serum and CSF glutamate levels after SAH. Furthermore, serum glutamate level was significantly higher in patients with cerebral ischemia and poor neurological outcome. CSF GOT1 was significantly higher in patients with uncontrolled intracranial hypertension and cerebral ischemia post-SAH, and independently predicted poor neurological outcomes.
The oldest case of paedomorphosis in rove beetles and description of a new genus of Paederinae from Cretaceous amber (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)
Authors: Tokareva Alexandra , Koszela Katarzyna , Ferreira Vinicius S. , Yamamoto Shûhei , Żyła Dagmara
Published: March 2023

The ecology of extinct species from the Cretaceous is largely unknown. Morphological features of specimens preserved in amber can help to reveal habitats and evolutionary strategies that occurred in fossil lineages. An unusually small rove beetle (Staphylinidae) from the subfamily Paederinae with a Y-shaped suture on the head and modified tarsi and antennae is newly described here as Midinudon juvenis Tokareva & Żyła gen. et sp. nov. We hypothesise that such a combination of characters represents the earliest example of paedomorphosis in Staphylinidae and discuss other possible reasons that could explain the small size and morphological modifications of the new species. We provide the results of total-evidence phylogenetic analysis and discuss the relationships of Midinudon juvenis Tokareva & Żyła gen. et sp. nov. within Paederinae.
The COVID-19 vaccination decision-making preferences of elderly people: a discrete choice experiment
Authors: Chen Yuhan , Wang Jimeng , Yi Meixi , Xu Hongteng , Liang Hailun
Published: March 2023

COVID-19 is a continuing threat to global public health security. For elderly people, timely and effective vaccination reduces infection rates in this group and safeguards their health. This paper adopted an offline Discrete Choice Experiment (DCE) to research the preference for COVID-19 vaccination amongst Chinese adults aged 50 years and above. Through multinomial logistic regression analysis, our DCE leverages five attributes—the risk of adverse reactions, protective duration, injection doses, injection period, and effectiveness—each of which is split into three to four levels. The risk of adverse reaction and the protective duration were demonstrated to be determinants of vaccination preference. Moreover, it was found that socio demographic factors like region, self-health assessment and the number of vaccinated household members can strengthen or weaken the effects of vaccine attributes. In conclusion, the preferences of the elderly population should be considered when developing COVID-19 vaccination programs for this population in China. Accordingly, the results may provide useful information for policymakers to develop tailored, effectively vaccination strategies.
Twin-pulse seeding enables pump-probe capabilities in the EUV to soft X-ray spectrum at synchrotron light sources
Authors: Yang X. , Penn G. , Yu L. H. , Huang X. , Smaluk V. , Shaftan T.
Published: March 2023

Having previously reported that separating the two stages of echo-enabled harmonic generation (EEHG) with one or more bending magnet (BM) sections allows the BMs to serve as the desired source of momentum compaction, here we demonstrate that this arrangement can greatly reduce the total energy modulation required by any 4th generation synchrotron light source, leading to higher repetition rates as well as stronger coherent radiation output power, with significant benefits. Since the EEHG beamline performance is mainly determined by the momentum compaction, beam emittances and beta functions of a storage ring lattice, allowing for different separations between the two stages is a straightforward way to increase the momentum compaction of chicane 1. This also enables pump-probe capabilities in a novel context, where twin-pulse seeding on the same electron bunch would allow two distinct radiation pulses with an adjustable delay in the range of 0.1 to 10 ps. In the twin-pulse seeding scheme, the same electron bunch could undergo modulation from two distinct laser pulses. Later stages would produce independent harmonics in subsequent straight sections. There are two variations of this twin-pulse seeding scheme, supporting different scientific applications. With a common modulation in stage 1, the first option allows simultaneously two independent radiation sources, with a full coverage of the EUV (2.5 to 50 nm) to soft X-ray (1.25 to 2.5 nm) spectrum; for the second option, the same stage 2 undulator could generate two coherent pulses both fitting within the FEL bandwidth, or at distinct harmonics. We present particle tracking simulation studies based on the APS-U lattice, including quantum excitation and radiation damping. These simulations indicate that there is no degradation of the modulated longitudinal phase space even when the two stages are separated by as many as 10 BM sections.
Quantifying DNA-mediated liposome fusion kinetics with a fluidic trap
Authors: Marie Rodolphe , Rasmussen Martin K. , Pedersen Jonas N.
Published: March 2023

DNA-induced liposome fusion kinetics measured in a nanofluidic trap follows second-order kinetics.
Modulating the Schottky barrier of Pt/PbTiO3 for efficient piezo-photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Huang Xueyan , Fang Zhi-Bin , Feng Wenhui , Tian Qinfen , Li Zhiqiang , Liu Ping
Published: March 2023

Charge recombination severely restricts the photocatalytic efficiencies of materials.
An umpolung mechanism of B(pin)-mediated Cu/B rearrangement and origin of regioselectivity for NHC-Cu-catalyzed allylation of imines
Authors: Jia Xinhua , Wang Qiong , Liu Jianbiao , Wang Wenjuan , Sun Chuanzhi , Huang Fang , Yang Chong , Chen Dezhan
Published: March 2023

An umpolung mechanism of B(pin)-mediated Cu/B rearrangement in copper-catalyzed selective allylation of imines, and the effect of the substituent in the C1 site of allyl and its conformation on the regioselectivity of the reaction.
Double‐state chi‐square test based sparse grid quadrature filtering algorithm and its application in integrated navigation
Authors: WU Yifei , Ma Yinrui , Jiang Ye
Published: March 2023

Aiming to reduce the impact that the measurement uncertainty of nonlinear system brings to filtering accuracy, a novel sparse grid quadrature filter (SGQF) algorithm based on the double‐state chi‐square test is proposed. And the strap‐down inertial navigation system (SINS)/global navigation satellite system (GNSS) integrated navigation system is used to verify the algorithm. A discrete‐time system model with uncertain measurement is constructed, then the system state through the SGQF algorithm is estimated. To determine the uncertainty of the measurement, the double‐state chi‐square test is introduced. By comparing the results of the state recursor, the chi‐square test value is obtained and it is used to update the measurement noise. Further, the system state and error covariance are re‐estimated. So far a robust sparse grid filter algorithm with statistical adjustment of the measurement noise is obtained. The proposed algorithm can overcome the influence of error statistical characteristic amplification on system filtering accuracy. Taking the SINS/GNSS integrated navigation system as the application object, off‐line simulation experiments and online flight tests verify the robustness of the proposed algorithm.
Tail risk adjusted clean energy portfolios in P2P transactive markets using Rachev ratio
Authors: M Jisma , Mohan Vivek , Thomas Mini Shaji , Thirumala Karthik
Published: March 2023

Renewable energy sources (RES) and electric vehicles (EVs) pose ‘energy‐risk’ in peer energy commitments due to their temporal and spatial uncertainties. Thus, optimistic commitments in the peer‐to‐peer transactive energy market (P2P TEM) are improbable. This paper proposes a two‐stage master–slave portfolio optimization approach for combining energy‐risk of RES and EVs, and welfare‐risk of peers, in building clean energy portfolios. The master portfolio refers to the shares of renewable and EVs in P2P market settlement, whereas the slave portfolio gives the wind‐solar mix within renewables. Here, Rachev ratio, an index used in financial portfolio selection for tail‐risk management, is adapted and combined with Markowitz efficient frontier to find the optimal slave portfolio. Both the extreme tails are optimized, encouraging energy outputs far above forecast and discouraging those far below forecast. The master portfolio is obtained by maximizing the sum of the average welfare of the peers at the best (right) and worst (left) tails of the welfare distribution curve using stochastic weight trade‐off particle swarm optimization. The proposed portfolio selection approach is better in terms of increased expected energy output, improved utilization of RES and EVs, and better collective peer welfare.
Investigation of current balance methodologies for inductive power transfer coupler with multiple branches
Authors: Luo Mengna , Huang Zhicong
Published: March 2023

In the inductive power transfer (IPT) system, using multiple coil branches instead of a whole large coil can effectively solve the thickness problem and save space. In that case, there are small parameter differences in mutual inductance and self‐inductance between the coil branches in parallel. These differences are amplified in high‐frequency IPT systems, resulting in different currents flowing through the different coil branches. The current unbalance will create many hazards. Therefore, this paper analyzes the key factors that cause current to unbalance and studies the equivalent circuit model of an inductive power transfer system with secondary multiple parallel branches. Moreover, this paper designs the compensation circuit and studies two kinds of current balance methods. Furthermore, the parameter design criteria are detailed to obtain a nearly ideal current balance effect. The characteristic analysis, parameter design, and verification are described in detail.
An advanced thermal roughness model for airless planetary bodies
Authors: Wohlfarth Kay , Wöhler Christian , Hiesinger Harald , Helbert Jörn
Published: March 2023

We present a combined reflectance and thermal radiance model for airless planetary bodies. The Hapke model provides the reflected component. The developed thermal model is the first to consistently use rough fractal surfaces, self-scattering, self-heating, and disk-resolved bolometric albedo for entire planets. We validated the model with disk-resolved lunar measurements acquired by the Chinese weather satellite Gaofen-4 at around 3.5–4.1 μm and measurements of the Diviner lunar radiometer at 8.25 μm and 25–41 μm, finding nearly exact agreement. Further, we reprocessed the thermal correction of the global lunar reflectance maps obtained by the Moon Mineralogy Mapper M3and employed the new model to correct excess thermal radiance. The results confirm the diurnal, latitudinal, and compositional variations of lunar hydration reported in previous and recent studies with other instruments. Further, we compared the model to lunar measurements obtained by the Mercury Radiometer and Thermal Infrared Spectrometer (MERTIS) on board BepiColombo during a flyby maneuver on April 9, 2020: the measured and the modeled radiance variations across the disk match. Finally, we adapted the thermal model to Mercury for emissivity calibration of upcoming Mercury flyby measurements and in-orbit operation. Although a physical parameter must be invariant under various observation scenarios, the best lunar surface roughness fits vary between different datasets. We critically discuss possible reasons and conclude that anisotropic emissivity modeling has room for improvement and requires attention in future studies.
Improving the quality of core sampling from methane coal seams
Authors: Saveleva N. , Shed S. , Savelev Y.
Published: March 2023

In the article, the authors talk about ways to improve the quality of core sampling from methane coal seams in the Kuznetsk coal basin. Core sampling is carried out at the exploration wells of Naryksko-Ostashinskaya square. Methane extraction is carried out to remove gas from coal seams. Moreover, gas can be used as unconventional energy sources. Thus, safety at coal mining facilities increases, and we receive additional income for the sale of gas to end consumers. To develop a technology for extracting gas from coal seams, core sampling is carried out, and the results obtained are analyzed. Further adjustments are made to the extraction technology, the selection of technological equipment is carried out. Drilling is carried out in the following sequence: initially, a vertical well with core sampling is performed, and then a multi-hole well is drilled with a large face deviation. As a result of experimental core selection and development of improved equipment, core removal was increased from 77% to 100%.
Determination of the temperature field of a spherical arc
Authors: Kanareykin Aleksandr
Published: March 2023

The work is devoted to mathematical modeling of the plasma temperature field. To do this, it was represented as a conducting sphere under boundary conditions of the third kind. The simulation of the thermal process is based on the numerical integration of the heat equation. This takes into account the change in the thermal conductivity of the plasma and convective heat transfer. Also, based on the obtained result, an analysis of the behavior of the temperature field was carried out.
Distribution of the temperature field in the rod, taking into account the correction for heat loss through its side surface
Authors: Kanareykin Aleksandr
Published: March 2023

The article deals with heat transfer through a rod with a small cross-section. The rod is assumed to be so thin that the temperature at all points of its cross-section can be considered the same. When finding a solution, the power series decomposition method is used. Formulas were derived not only for finding the temperature field, taking into account the correction for heat loss through the lateral surface of the rod, but also for determining the coefficient of external heat transfer and the coefficient of thermal conductivity from known values of temperatures and heat flows at its ends.
Retracted Article: Design layout of the cutting unit and operating parameters of the bucket wheel type agitator
Authors: Scherbakov Alexander , Breskich Vera , Spitsov Dmitriy , Deniskina Galina
Published: March 2023

This paper has been formally retracted on ethical grounds because the article contains
extensive and repeated instances of plagiarism. The authors are responsible for this
mistake and apologise for it. Request approved by the proceedings Editor and the
Publisher on September 13, 2023.
Third order non-linear difference equation with neutral term
Authors: Kaleeswari S. , Rangasri S.
Published: March 2023

This paper aims to investigate the oscillatory characteristics of a neutral third order nonlinear difference equation. Utilizing the comparison principle, we get some new standards that guarantee that any solution to the neutral difference equation oscillates or approaches zero. Applications are then examined to show that the key theorems are valid.
Effect of organic fertilizers on agrochemical properties of soil and growth, development and yield of cotton
Authors: Jabborov Shavkat , Azimov Bakhrom , Musurmonova Mukambar
Published: March 2023

At present, the yield of cotton depends on the applied agrotechnological measures, the timing of application, the norm and type of mineral or organic fertilizers, as well as on the natural fertility of the soil, the level of crops and a number of similar measures. Maintaining and improving soil fertility is essential for sustainable agriculture. Its agrochemical properties play an important role in soil fertility. Maintaining and improving soil fertility is essential for sustainable agriculture. Its agrochemical properties play an important role in soil fertility. Cotton nutrition, growth development, yield and product quality depend on the agrochemical properties of the soil and its nutrition regime. Organic fertilizers play an important role in improving soil fertility, especially its agrochemical properties. Organic fertilizers have a complex effect on the soil and have a positive effect on the growth, development and productivity of agricultural crops, including cotton. The main substance that determines soil fertility is humus. The higher the quantity and quality of humus, the higher the yield. However, according to most scientists, the amount of humus in the soil has decreased significantly over the past 30-40 years. Organic fertilizer in fact is an effective influencing factor that improves the quality of the crop. Therefore, it is important to maintain and increase soil fertility, taking into account the properties of organic fertilizers in the soil.
Feed grain micronising plant
Authors: Kipriyanov Fedor , Savinykh Petr
Published: March 2023

The heating process of micronisation plays a paramount role in reducing the amount of anti-pittaels in the feed grain, changing the grain structure and increasing the availability of nutrients and improving their digestibility. The efficiency of heating generally depends on the design solutions used in the micronizing plant. This article gives an overview of some designs of installations for forage grain micronisation and presents the design of an installation for infrared micronisation of forage grain, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of treatment, by reducing the burning of grain to the surface and ensuring uniformity of treatment.
The creation of the photobioreactor for the effective chlorella growth and study of the light spectral composition influence on its biomass
Authors: Dudina Iuliia , Kalashnikova Elena , Kirakosyan Rima
Published: March 2023

Chlorella is a green eukaryotic microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris). The microscopic cell is spherical, 2–10 µm in diameter. This microalgae is one of the most important and promising for biomass production. Chlorella contains the pool of biologically active substances: about 50% protein (including essential amino acids); a complex of essential unsaturated fatty acids (including Omega-3); vitamins A, B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, E; as well as macro- and micronutrients important for health. This creates the prerequisites for its commercial production for use in medicine, cosmetology and veterinary medicine. Scientists have found that chlorella has an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and even wound healing effect due to the presence of this pool of biologically active compounds. Chlorella is cultivated in ponds or bioreactors with specified parameters that create favorable conditions for the growth of chlorella biomass. Each set of conditions creates the prerequisites for changing the growth rate and output of individual products. We studied the influence of the photometric characteristics of the light source on the optical density and, accordingly, the efficiency of growing chlorella. The results of optical density measurements allowed us to note that the largest increase in biomass is observed when using warm white LED lighting (T=2700K).
Investigation of the influence of negative temperatures on the technological properties of belite sludge
Authors: Lytkin A.
Published: March 2023

The paper describes the characteristics of belite sludge - a large-tonnage waste of alumina production. The influence of negative temperatures on the technological properties of the sludge was investigated. The regularities of sludge cooling during its excavation, long-term storage and in the technological process of structural layers’ construction in winter conditions have been studied. Recommendations have been developed for the construction of foundations (coatings) from sludge and sludge-mineral materials at temperatures below minus 20°C. The implementation of research results helps to prolong the construction season, reduce material consumption and increase durability during construction, reconstruction and repair of transport infrastructure objects.
Improving the efficiency of the transport and logistics sector
Authors: Yekimov Sergey
Published: March 2023

The use of modern information technologies in transport logistics makes it possible to reduce the cost of cargo delivery and optimize the time of their transportation. Reducing inventory to the most optimal level and delivering goods exactly at a certain time is very much in demand for a modern dynamic economy. One of the most important tasks of the logistics chain is to coordinate the actions of all its participants. This is facilitated by the standardization of documents necessary for the transportation of goods, the establishment of direct contractual relations between all participants in the logistics chain, as well as the possibility of a single order for all services provided by all participants in the logistics chain. Effective development of transport logistics requires a systematic approach to solving emerging practical problems. The formation of transport and logistics clusters and the creation of multimodal transport and logic centers contributes to the development of the transport and logic sector. The transport system shows its maximum efficiency not only in the presence of modern transport infrastructure, but it also requires the presence of free competition in the market of transport and logistics services. The state policy in the field of regulation of the market of transport and logistics services should be aimed at their rationalization and reduction of costs correlated with them.
Accounts receivable management in transport organizations
Authors: Chernov Vladimir
Published: March 2023

In a crisis in the international settlement system, there is a need to strengthen payment discipline and accelerate payments. The consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic have also led to a reduction in the liquid means of transport organizations and also increased the problem. Acceleration of repayment of accounts receivable increases cash security. The methods of accounts receivable management integrated into the system based on a client-oriented approach are investigated. The proposed system allows you to track the balances of accounts receivable, comparing them with sales volumes and turnover indicators. The concept of the cycle of accounts receivable circulation is formulated. It is revealed that the existing indicators of turnover of accounts receivable and the volume of sales do not accurately reflect the quality of repayment of accounts receivable, the relationship between these indicators is not revealed. They do not disclose the possibility of additional release of funds from settlements with debtors. To solve this problem, a new indicator has been introduced – the rate of repayment of receivables. An approach is proposed to substantiate the expediency of accelerating payments based on the elasticity of revenue from the sale of transport services to the rate of repayment of receivables.
Improving the traffic situation by shifting the turn and adjusting the traffic lights
Authors: Stupin Artem , Kazakovtsev Lev , Stupina Alena , Antamoshkin Oleslav , Stasiuk Vladislav
Published: March 2023

The article deals with the problem of the formation of a traffic jam on the one of the street Krasnoyarsk cities. According to statistics, the largest set of accidents occur when turning the vehicle. For convenience and traffic priority, traffic lights are set up and additional signals or sections of traffic lights are introduced. In Europe, additional lanes are added, designed separately for turning, where cars can continue to wait for their turn, but if there are a lot of cars, then the additional lane ceases to cope with the flow of cars and begins to load the lane. Another option, when all left turns are prohibited, you need to turn right, where there is one-way traffic, look for a place to turn around and return from another street in order to drive straight to the opposite side of the road where the turn was prohibited. These manipulations can affect the ecology near residential areas and overload small streets, where there is already 1 lane for traffic. The paper proposes the option of transferring the turn to the supermarket to the next intersection in order to increase throughput at large traffic flows, and also uses analytical optimization methods to minimize travel time and maximize passing cars per hour.
Research of the creation and development of unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors: Grishin Igor Yu. , Timirgaleeva Rena R. , Selivanov Victor V. , Kazak Anatoliy N.
Published: March 2023

Drones were created back in the USSR. Many believe that UAVs - unmanned aerial vehicles, otherwise known as drones, appeared only at the beginning of the 21st century. However, this is not the case: since the 60s of the last centuries, Soviet and American engineers have been building supersonic unmanned reconnaissance aircraft for the armies of their countries. In addition, drones are actively used for environmental purposes. They are called "eco-drones". They are no different from ordinary ones, the prefix is designed to emphasize their purely peaceful, scientific purpose.
Improving the efficiency of the railway industry as a result of employees engaging in physical culture and sports
Authors: Yekimov Sergey , Kulyk Evhgen , Nosko Mykola , Nosko Yuliya , Mekhed Olha , Kudyn Sergij , Kuzhelnyi Andrii
Published: March 2023

If railway workers have an optimal motor regime, they increase the efficiency of the whole organism and improve the quality of performing their professional duties. Systematic sports and physical education contribute to the formation of people's desire for a healthy lifestyle. As a result of the formation of students of railway specialties striving for independent exercise and sports in the future, when they become employees of the railway industry, this will provide additional opportunities for involving the personnel of railway industry enterprises in physical culture and a healthy lifestyle. Regular sports activities by employees of the railway industry are of paramount importance not only for these employees, but also for the state as a whole. The increased size of the intellectual load at railway enterprises can have a significant impact on the level of efficiency of employees and their state of health. The use of information technology elements in sports creates conditions for increasing the effectiveness of sports and physical exercises.
Talent acquisition-artificial intelligence to manage recruitment
Authors: Vedapradha R. , Hariharan R. , David Winster Praveenraj D. , Sudha E. , Ashok J.
Published: March 2023

The research aims to examine the awareness of Artificial Intelligence among the HR managers and Talent Acquisition managers in the process of Talent Acquisition, Investigating the factors influencing the adoption and usage of Assisted Intelligence, and evaluating the impact of Artificial Intelligence on Talent Management. Multi-Stage sampling method was adopted to collect the responses from the 384 customers across the HR and TA managers working across the IT companies situated in Bangalore, Mysore, Pune, and Chennai & Hyderabad. SAS was applied to perform the Simple Percentage Analysis, Correlation Analysis, Multiple Linear Regression Analysis to validate the hypothesis. The demographic & construct variables considered were Adoption, Actual usage, Perceived usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, & Talent Management. Awareness of the Artificial Intelligence technology and its adoption in managing Talent Acquisition has the positive and high correlation and followed by its actual usage. Candidate experience is the most influencing variable from the first factor, Competency and Easy to use is the most influencing variable from the second factor, Effectiveness in the adoption and actual usage of Artificial Intelligence in Talent Acquisition. Talent Management is the highest predictor of using the technology and its adoption is the most influencing predictor in the effective implementation of the technology among the Information Technology Companies.