bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kloning Manusia Perspektif Hukum Islam Di Indonesia
Authors: Jamaa La
Published: July 2016

Abstract:Reproductive cloning technology is able to facilitate artificial fertilization by using the husband's body and wife's ovum, as well the embryo transferred to the womb of the wife. So that, human cloning can give benefit to husband and wife to get child. However, human cloning technology has negative implications in case of marriage, jurisprudence, guardianship, inheritance, and investigation of criminal offense, because a person may have children cloned without marital status that can underestimate the institution of marriage. The “Nasab” of cloned child is also unclear, so it affects the guardianship, inheritance, father's responsibility to the child. Therefore, Islamic law in Indonesia prohibits human cloning.Keywords: Human Cloning, Islamic Law, Marriage. Abstrak.Teknologi kloning reproduksi mampu memfasilitasi pembuahan buatan dengan menggunakan sel tubuh suami dan ovum istri, serta embrionya ditransfer ke rahim istri. Sehingga kloning manusia dapat memberikan kemaslahatan terhadap pasangan suami istri yang tidak subur untuk memperoleh keturunan. Namun demikian, teknologi kloning manusia berimplikasi negatif, baik terhadap institusi perkawinan, nasab, perwalian, kewarisan, serta penyelidikan dan penyidikan pelaku tindak pidana. Sebab seseorang bisa punya anak secara kloning tanpa ikatan perkawinan sehingga bisa menyepelekan institusi perkawinan. Nasab anak hasil kloning juga tidak jelas sehingga berpengaruh pada perwalian, kewarisan, tanggungjawab ayah kepada anak dan sebaliknya. Karena itu hukum Islam di Indonesia melarang kloning manusia.Kata Kunci: Kloning Manusia, Hukum Islam, Perkawinan.
Automatisierte Fruchtbarkeits- und Gesundheits - überwachung bei der Milchkuh
Authors: Martin Rainer , Zerbe Holm , Zimmermann Lisa
Published: July 2016

Durch Zunahme der Betriebsgrößen bei gleichbleibender Arbeitskraft, leistungsbedingte Krankheitsanfälligkeit der Tiere und Zwang zur Wirtschaftlichkeit der Betriebe kommt automatisierten Überwachungssystemen im Milchviehbereich immer größere Bedeutung zu. Der Markt bietet bereits eine Reihe von Systemen zur Überwachung der Milchkuh für verschiedene Managementbereiche. Nicht immer liegt eine wissenschaftliche Validierung ihrer Eignung vor, die aufgrund der nicht unerheblichen Investitionskosten sowie zur Beurteilung der Praktikabilität eines Systems jedoch wünschenswert wäre. In Anbetracht der Entwicklung der letzten Jahre ist auch in den kommenden Jahren mit einem großen Fortschritt auf dem Gebiet der automatisierten Tierüberwachung zu rechnen. Für Tierärzte ergibt sich daher die Notwendigkeit, künftig Prinzipien entsprechender Systeme zu kennen, deren Nützlichkeit einschätzen und mit resultierenden Daten arbeiten zu können, um eine adäquate Beratung der betreuten Betriebe zu gewährleisten. Ziel dieses Übersichtsartikels ist, Möglichkeiten und Grenzen derzeit verfügbarer Überwachungsinstrumente der Brunst, der Geburt und des Gesundheitsstatus (insbesondere der Stoffwechsellage) bei der Milchkuh, aber auch einzelner speziell ausgewählter Überwachungsbereiche darzustellen.
Reflecting on translanguaging in multilingual classrooms: Harnessing the power of poetry and photography
Authors: Childs Margie
Published: July 2016

There is often a disconnect between the dominant language of the classroom and the home language of South African learners. Consequently, this may lead to dehumanising experiences in classrooms. This article explores the possibilities of using translanguaging to bring about humanising experiences for learners and teachers. Translanguaging is a means of providing planned and systematic use of the home language of learners with the language of the classroom in order to foster learning and teaching. A poetic inquiry is used to explore and make meaning of my understanding of what I observe in multilingual classroom contexts. Poetry and photography are used as data to support an argument for using translanguaging as a pedagogic tool to enable teaching and learning. Researcher-voiced poems (vox autobiographia) and literature-voiced poems (vox theoria) are employed to encapsulate understandings of the complexities and possibilities of teaching in multilingual classrooms. This inquiry reveals that translanguaging practices allow for fluid movement between the home and school language. Instead of being dehumanised by traditional language practices, teachers and learners are encouraged to bring their languages to the classroom. In so doing, they are able to experience being human as social, thinking, transforming, individuals participating with others in the world they inhabit together.
Social cohesion and initial teacher education in South Africa
Authors: Sayed Yusuf , Badroodien Azeem , Salmon Thomas , McDonald Zahraa
Published: July 2016

Initial teacher education (ITE) is a key focus in current policy particularly in respect to shaping student teachers' dispositions and capabilities to effect change within the systems they will work, and for the learners they will teach. Teachers' pedagogic strategies also mediate inequalities and continuities within the education system, linked to the schooling system and society they operate within. In South Africa, contextually relevant pedagogical strategies that address diversity, reconciliation, and promote social cohesion are crucial to enable initial teacher education to prepare teachers in this way (Sosibo, 2013). This paper draws on data from a case study of an ITE programme at one higher education institution (HEI) in South Africa. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews with students and lecturers, focus groups, documentary analysis, and a survey of initial teacher educators, and was part of a large-scale study that focused on teachers as agents of social cohesion in South Africa (Sayed et al., 2015). Specifically, it considers how student teachers are prepared to enact social cohesion in the classroom. The paper concludes by discussing several implications of the research for ITE in South Africa.
Returning to the source: Reflexivity and transformation in understanding a humanising pedagogy
Authors: Zinn Denise , Adam Kathija , Kurup Raj , du Plessis André
Published: July 2016

While a humanising pedagogy can be a mechanism to facilitate (re)humanisation in the South African education context, a diversity of perspectives related to the concept prevails. This is to be expected given the variety of lived experiences and histories in South Africa. This project attempted to develop and extend shared understandings of the concept of a humanising pedagogy through a process of enacted reflexivity and transformative learning. A participatory mode of inquiry using metaphor drawings was used as a means of deconstructing the complex phenomenon of a humanising pedagogy-this included self-study by four teacher educators (authors of this paper) to facilitate shared understandings of its praxis. Such processes have the potential to catalyse the kind of transformative learning that continues to inform praxis.
Changing the Reference Measure in the Simplex and its Weighting Effects
Authors: Egozcue Juan Jose , Pawlowsky-Glahn Vera
Published: July 2016

Standard analysis of compositional data under the assumption that the Aitchison geometry holds assumes a uniform distribution as reference measure of the space. Weighting of parts can be done changing the reference measure. The changes that appear in the algebraic-geometric structure of the simplex are analysed, as a step towards understanding the implications for elementary statistics of random compositions. Some of the standard tools in exploratory analysis of compositional data analysis, such as center, variation matrix and biplots are studied in some detail, although further research is still needed. The main conclusion is that down-weighting some parts is approaching the geometry of the corresponding subcomposition, thus preserving a kind of coherence between standard and down-weighted analyses.
Inflow Process of Pedestrians to a Confined Space
Authors: Ezaki Takahiro , Ohtsuka Kazumichi , Chraibi Mohcine , Boltes Maik , Yanagisawa Daichi , Seyfried Armin , Schadschneider Andreas , Nishinari Katsuhiro
Published: July 2016

To better design safe and comfortable urban spaces, understanding the nature of human crowd movement is important. However, precise interactions among pedestrians are difficult to measure in the presence of their complex decision-making processes and many related factors. While extensive studies on pedestrian flow through bottlenecks and corridors have been conducted, the dominant mode of interaction in these scenarios may not be relevant in different scenarios. Here, we attempt to decipher the factors that affect human reactions to other individuals from a different perspective. We conducted experiments employing the inflow process in which pedestrians successively enter a confined area (like an elevator) and look for a temporary position. In this process, pedestrians have a wider range of options regarding their motion than in the classical scenarios; therefore, other factors might become relevant. The preference of location is visualized by pedestrian density profiles obtained from recorded pedestrian trajectories. Non-trivial patterns of space acquisition, e.g., an apparent preference for positions near corners, were observed. This indicates the relevance of psychological and anticipative factors beyond the private sphere, which have not been deeply discussed so far in the literature on pedestrian dynamics. From the results, four major factors, which we call flow avoidance, distance cost, angle cost, and boundary preference, were suggested. We confirmed that a description of decision-making based on these factors can give a rise to realistic preference patterns, using a simple mathematical model. Our findings provide new perspectives and a baseline for considering the optimization of design and safety in crowded public areas and public transport carriers.
El mundo de los Goliardos y Clérigos vagabundos
Authors: Marcos Casquero Manuel Antonio
Published: July 2016

El mundo de los Goliardos y Clérigos vagabundos
Percepção-Ação: Um Estudo sobre Informação, Complexidade e Criatividade
Authors: Souza Edna Alves de , Gonzalez Maria Eunice Quilici , Souza Renata Silva
Published: July 2016

Investigamos neste artigo a natureza da ação criativa, focalizando as noções de informação e de complexidade. A seguinte questão será investigada: qual é o papel desempenhado pela informação nos processos criativos? A fim de investigar essa questão, inspiradas em Bohm, Peirce, Morin e Mitchell, iniciamos o paper apresentandoconceitos basilares do paradigma da complexidade, ressaltando que uma característica fundamental dos sistemas complexos é o imbricamento de múltiplas redes informacionais propiciadoras de sua dinâmica. Em tal perspectiva, diversas escalas de análise informacional são consideradas nos processos de criação, bem como seu impacto na funcionalidade do sistema em que ocorre o processo de criação. Argumentamos que ações criativas, vistas pelo prisma da complexidade, podem ser fundamentadas no raciocínio abdutivo(tal como formulado por Peirce), que tem início na percepção de anomalias e na tentativa de solucioná-las com a informação disponível no sistema organismo-ambiente. A partir da percepção atenta à informação disponível, que salienta uma anomalia, novas estruturas informacionais são criadas de forma a propiciar uma integração harmônica e funcional do sistema no qual o agente criativo se inclue.
Aproximações entre o Conceito de Umwelt em Uexküll e a Noção de Ambiente em Bronfenbrenner
Authors: Cruz Dalízia Amaral , Pontes Fernando Augusto Ramos , Cavalcante Lília Iêda Chaves
Published: July 2016

O presente ensaio discute as aproximações do conceito de Umwelt, de Jakob von Uexküll e a concepção fenomenológica do meio ambiente em Urie Bronfenbrenner. Apesar de temporalmente distantes e advindos de matrizes teóricas diferentes, identifica-se vínculos epistemológicos equivalentes, visto que postulam elementos a respeito das relações entre organismos e o seu mundo externo circundante. O conceito de Umwelt de Uexküll trata mais de fenômenos na ordem dos determinantes filogenéticos, enquanto que o conceito de ambiente de Bronfenbrenner está mais direcionado para entender as determinações no âmbito da ontogênese. Contudo, os dois conceitos se aproximam por serem concepções epistemológicas no âmbito da ecologia, ou seja, da determinação das percepções e ações a partir da relação existente entre organismo-meio ambiente.
El derecho internacional humanitario en la jurisprudencia de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos
Authors: Ibáñez Rivas Juana María
Published: July 2016

La convergencia del derecho internacional de los derechos humanos (DIDH) y el derecho internacional humanitario (DIH) ha sido puesta en evidencia en la jurisprudencia de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos a partir del año 2000. Desde ese momento y hasta la fecha, la Corte se ha remitido explícitamente al DIH en el análisis de ciertos casos vinculados a situaciones de conflicto armado interno. Para ello, la Corte se ha confrontado a la necesidad de verificar que los hechos de los casos concernidos se desarrollan en tales situaciones y, asimismo, ha debido sustentar la razón por la cual sus consideraciones hacen referencia a un marco normativo ajeno al corpus juris interamericano entendido en sentido estricto. La jurisprudencia resultado de dicha práctica demuestra que la Corte Interamericana no sólo ha utilizado el DIH para complementar el contenido y alcance de los derechos humanos y las obligaciones generales de los Estados en casos relacionados a un conflicto armado interno, sino también para integrarlo en su razonamiento más allá de la simple interpretación mediante la remisión a los principios básicos del DIH y en las consecuencias de la declaración de la responsabilidad internacional del Estado. Por tanto, la Corte Interamericana, órgano regional de control de derechos humanos por excelencia, parece haber devenido también un mecanismo indirecto, quizá casi directo, de control del DIH.
¿Un espacio para pensar alternativas? La academia latinoamericana de derecho internacional económico frente al orden económico global
Authors: Perrone Nicolás Marcelo
Published: July 2016

Esta contribución tiene por objetivo analizar el rol de la academia latinoamericana de derecho internacional económico frente al orden económico global. Gran parte de los problemas que hoy sufren los latinoamericanos se vincula a la globalización económica. Condiciones laborales, acceso a medicamentos, uso de recursos naturales, entre otros, están íntimamente ligados al orden económico global. En el debate sobre estos problemas, no obstante, pocas veces se reconoce el rol fundamental que tiene la academia de derecho internacional económico. Si bien es cierto que el conocimiento articulado por la academia no es suficiente para explicar por qué los Estados actúan de cierta forma, quizás sea suficiente para entender por qué no actúan de otra manera. En este marco, el argumento central de esta contribución es que la academia de derecho internacional económico tiene un rol clave en la creación y reproducción del actual orden económico global. Si esto es correcto, la academia regional puede hacer más por Latinoamérica que servir de apoyo a las necesidades estatales, tanto de asesoría como de defensa de sus intereses en controversias legales. Al tomar conciencia de su rol constitutivo del orden económico global, la academia regional puede ser un medio fundamental para articular alternativas que permitan a Latinoamérica y su población encontrar su lugar en la globalización.
Editorial
Authors: Façanha Luciano Da Silva
Published: July 2016

Editorial
ESCRITURA, VERDADE, VIRTUDE
Authors: Pissarra Maria Constança Peres
Published: July 2016

O texto, “Os devaneios de um caminhante solitário” é uma obra póstuma e inacabada, cujo inicio ocorreu em 1776 e a redação continuou até 1778 quando foi interrompida pela morte de seu autor, Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Nos parágrafos iniciais, ele a define como a obra de um homem que não esperava mais nada do mundo, que vivia apenas de suas lembranças e que escrevia tão somente para si mesmo: “Eis-me, portanto, sozinho na terra, tendo apenas a mim mesmo como irmão, próximo, amigo, companhia”.  […] Tudo está acabado para mim sobre a terra. […] Sózinho pelo resto de minha vida, visto que somente em mim encontro a consolaçao, a esperança e a paz, não devo nem quero mais ocupar-me senão comigo mesmo é nesse estado que retomo a continuação do exame severo e sincero que outrora chamei minhas Confissões” (ROUSSEAU, 1995, p. 23 e 26).Palavras-chave: Devaneios de um caminhante solitário. Confissões. Lembranças. Devaneios. SCRIPTURE, TRUTH, VIRTUE Abstract: The text, Reveries of a Solitary Walker, is a posthumous and unfinished work, which began in 1776and the writing continued until 1778 when it was interrupted by the death of its author, Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Inthe opening paragraphs, he defines this work like a man who did not expect anything else in the world, who livedonly by his remembrance and who wrote only for himself, “Here I am, therefore, alone on earth, having just myselfas a brother, as neighbor, as friend, as companion “. [...] It’s all over for me on earth. [...] Alone for the rest of my life,since is only in myself that I find solace, hope and peace, It’s my duty and my wish to be concerned entirely with myself,in that state that I return and continued the severe and sincere examination that once I called my Confessions”(ROUSSEAU, 1995, p. 23 e 26).Keywords: Reveries of a Solitary Walker. Confessions. Remembrance. Reveries. ESCRITURA, VERDAD, VIRTUDResumen: El texto "Los devaneos de un caminante solitario" es una obra póstuma e inacabada que se inició en 1776 y cuya redacción continuó hasta 1778 cuando fue interrumpida por la muerte de su autor, Jean-Jacques Rousseau. En los parágrafos iniciales, él a define como la obra de un hombre que no esperaba más nada del mundo, que vivía apenas de sus recuerdos y que escribía unicamente para sí mismo. “Estoy, por lo tanto, solo en la tierra, tengo solamente a mí mismo como hermano, vecino, amigo, compañía" [...] Todo está acabado para mí sobre la tierra […] Solo por el resto de mi vida, visto que solamente en mí encuentro consuelo, esperanza y paz, no debo ni quiero más ocuparme a no ser conmigo mismo y es en este estado que retomo a continuación del examen severo y sincero que antes llamé mis Confesiones" (ROUSSEAU, 1995, p. 23 e 26).Palabras clave: Devaneos de un caminante solitário. Confesiones. Recuerdos. Rousseau.
A CORPOREIDADE NO ENSINO DE TEATRO: para onde apontam os PPCs das licenciaturas em teatro das universidades federais brasileiras?
Authors: Gonçalves Amanda Diniz , Sampaio Juliano Casimiro De Camargo
Published: July 2016

Nesta pesquisa analisamos a natureza das referências bibliográficas básicas e complementares das licenciaturas em teatro das universidades federais brasileiras, bem como a presença de indicações sobre o trabalho do ator e sobre o ensino de teatro nos ementários das disciplinas que tomam o corpo como foco. Realizamos análise quantitativa e qualitativa de documentos (Projetos Pedagógicos de Curso). Resultou que tanto as bibliografias quanto as ementas das disciplinas analisadas estão consideravelmente mais voltadas para as práticas do ator do que para o ensino de teatro, bem como evidenciamos a ausência textual das palavras experiência, metodologia e didática no todo das ementas analisadas.Palavras-chave: Licenciatura. Teatro. Ensino. Ementário.  CORPORALITY IN THE DRAMA TEACHING: the Educational Program of Course of the drama degree of the brazilian federal universities point to where?Abstract: In this paper we analyze the nature of the references of the degree in drama of the brazilian federal universities. We analyze too the presence of the indications about both the actor’s work and the teaching of drama in the programs of the courses that take the body as focus. The methodology used was documental research with both quantitative and qualitative analyzes of the Educational Program of Course (EPC). Resulted that the references and the programs of studies of the analyzed courses are considerable more focused in the actor’s work than in teaching drama. We noted too the absence of the following words: experience, methodology and didactic, in the analyzed programs of studies.Keywords: Degree. Drama. Teaching. Program of course.  LA CORPOREIDAD EN LA ENSEÑANZA DE TEATRO: Para dónde apuntan los Proyectos Pedagógicos de las Licenciaturas en Teatro de las Universidades FederalesResumen: En esta investigación analizamos la naturaleza de las referencias bibliográficas básicas y complementarias de las licenciaturas en teatro de las universidades federales brasileñas, así como, la presencia de indicaciones sobre el trabajo del actor y sobre la enseñanza de teatro en los programas educacionales de las asignaturas que toman el cuerpo como foco. Realizamos análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo de los documentos (Proyectos Pedagógicos de Curso). Resultó que tanto las bibliografías cuanto los programas educacionales de las disciplinas analizadas están considerablemente más direccionados para las prácticas del actor  que para la enseñanza de teatro, así como, evidenciamos la ausencia textual de las palabras experiencia, metodología y didáctica en el total de los programas de los cursos analizados. Palabras Clave: Licenciatura. Teatro. Enseñanza. Programa de Curso.
Management of pigeonpea sterility mosaic disease
Authors: Rajeswari E. , Smitha K. P. , Kamalakannan A. , Alice D. , Bapu JR. Kannan
Published: July 2016

Field experiments were conducted to ascertain the efficacy of leaf extracts from botanical species viz., Vitex negundo (10%), Psoralea corylifola (10 %), Winter Green oil 30 EC (2%) against Sterility Mosaic Disease (SMD) in pigeonpea under field conditions. Resistant inducing chemicals viz., 200 ppm Salicylic acid and acaricides viz ; 0 .1% Fenazaquin and 0. 2% Dicofol were also evaluated against SMD. Comprehensive analysis of data demonstrated that the two sprays of 0.1% Fenazaquin first at 30 days after sowing and second at 15 days after first spray recorded the lowest (8.8 per cent) SMD incidence as compared to 46.1 per cent in untreated control which accounted for the disease reduction of 80.9 per cent. Among the plant products tested, winter green oil 30 EC (2 %) was effective by recording 19.0 per cent SMD incidence with 58.7 per cent disease reduction. Fenazaquin (0 .1%) spray reduced the mite (Aceria cajani) population by 81.9 per cent followed by winter green oil 30 EC (2 %) with the population reduction of 72.3 per cent. Fenazaquin (0 .1%) spray also influenced to record the highest yield of 815 kg per ha as against 492 kg per ha in untreated plot and therefore, 0.1% Fenazaquin could be the best alternative for the management of SMD in pigeonpea under field conditions.
Effect of herbicides on weed control and yield of kharifgroundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: Patel J. C. , Patel D. M. , Patel B. J. , Patel P. P. , Ali Shaukat
Published: July 2016

A field experiment was carried out during kharif 2009-10 to 2011-12 at Agronomy Instructional Farm, C. P. College of Agriculture, S. D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, Gujarat to study the effect of herbicides on weed control and yield of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Nine treatments of weed control were evaluated in randomized block design and replicated four times. Besides weed free treatment, an application of pendimethalin @ 1000 g/ha PE + imazethapyr 75 g/ha PoE at 15-20 DAS and H. W. + IC at 20 and 40 DAS recorded higher mature pods per plant, shelling percent, pod yield, haulm yield, gross return, net return, BCR and weed control efficiency as well as lower weed index and dry weight of weeds. No adverse effect of herbicides was observed on plant population, grain and straw yield of succeeding wheat crop.
Genetic variation in fatty acid composition of fenugreek(Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) seed oil
Authors: Rathore S. S. , Saxena S. N. , Kakani R. K. , Sharma L. K. , Agrawal D. , Singh B.
Published: July 2016

An analysis has been carried out to explore the genetic variation in seventeen selected varieties of fenugreek. Sixteen fatty acids were identified in seed oil. Linoleic acid (18:2; n-6) and a-Linolenic acid (18:3; n-3) were the major contributor found in the range of 26-43% in variety Lam Selection. The MUFA content varied from 3.50% in Azad Methi to 19.31 % in Hisar Madhvi. The ratio of n-6 to n-3 fatty acids indicated that fenugreek seed lipids are a good source of PUFA. PCA identified linolenic and oleic acid as the most important traits responsible for variation in presented material and improving quality through breeding. Estimates of genetic distance values showed wide range of variation among the fenugreek genotypes. The Euclidean based UPGMA clustering revealed three real and four singleton clusters. Genetic diversity showed no relationship to geographical origin. Dissimilarities obtained showed a wide variation in oil content and in composition.
A Comparative Study of Indian Companies Act, 2013 and Companies Act of Republic of Maldives, 1996
Authors: Agrawal Rajesh Kumar
Published: July 2016

Any law in force in a country indicates its social, economic and political position. Law is considered to be the measure by which a country’s progress is taken into account. India has adopted Companies Act, 2013 in place of the Companies Act, 1956 considering the changing needs of the society and to facilitate the ease of business. The Companies Act of the Republic of Maldives 1996 governs the formation, registration and management of companies in the Republic of Maldives. In this paper, an attempt is made to bring out the comparative picture of India and Maldives with regard to Indian Companies Act, 2013 and The Companies Act of the Republic of Maldives 1996 respectively. This paper throws some light on the framework of The Companies Act of the Republic of Maldives 1996 and Indian companies Act 2013 and the rapid challenges faced by both the countries and also to understand the basic difference in various concepts and application of the act in both the countries. The finding of the study shows that India has got verge in terms of adoption of Corporate Laws and Corporate Governance compliances and also has wider provisions than the Maldives Companies Act, 1996.
Transcondylar Fracture-Dislocation of the Elbow
Authors: Sameer M. Mohamed , Bassetty Keerthy Chandra , Singaravadivelu Vaidyanathan
Published: July 2016

Case:

Transcondylar fracture of the distal part of the humerus with associated dislocation (Posadas fracture) is rare. Stabilization of this fracture is often difficult because the distal fragments are small and are predominantly composed of impacted articular cartilage.

Conclusion:

We report the case of a patient in whom this rare fracture, which was associated with a brachial artery injury, was successfully treated with internal fixation.
More Exact Measures Raise Tough Questions: Regulators and Drillers Adjust to Precise Fluid Flow Measures
Authors: Rassenfoss Stephen
Published: July 2016

Riser Gas

More precise measurement can create a dilemma.

One example is the precise fluid flow measurements used to control managed pressure drilling (MPD) systems.

By measuring differences as small as 1 bbl in the drilling fluid flowing out of a well compared to what flowed in, these closed well designs are able to quickly adjust the downhole pressure to manage an influx, or drilling fluid loss.

MPD has allowed development of difficult formations, particularly in Southeast Asia, where conventional drilling methods would have taken far longer for many wells, if they could have been drilled at all, in unpredictable carbonate formations prone to massive fluid losses. One MPD advocate, Peter Aird, a drilling consultant who is founder of Kingdom Drilling Services, said MPD should stand for “makes problems disappear.”

The dilemma is a result of regulations prohibiting offshore drillers in the US from “knowingly” taking a kick. The rule was written back when the smallest kick that a driller could knowingly have taken was roughly 10 times larger than what an MPD system can accurately measure.

Drillers have been trained to react to kicks, which can be a warning sign of a potentially bigger surge of oil or natural gas to come, by resorting to traditional well control methods, beginning with using the blowout preventer (BOP) to shut in the well below the riser. That approach is costly, time consuming, and can damage the well, forcing the operator to abandon a section of the hole.

The dilemma is not just a product of regulation. For managed pressure systems to work efficiently, thorough training is required so drillers understand a method that requires them to think differently. Often MPD systems are brought in relatively late in project planning, leaving little time to get workers comfortable with the process, said Robert Ziegler, president of RZI Deepwater, a drilling consulting firm.
Resolving Mixed-Salinity Challenges With a Pulsed-Neutron Methodology
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: July 2016

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 170608, “Resolving Mixed-Salinity Challenges With a Methodology Developed From Pulsed-Neutron-Capture Gamma Ray Spectral Measurements,” by S. Mark Ma, SPE, Saudi Aramco; Harold Pfutzner, SPE, Schlumberger; A.A. Al-Hajari, SPE, and Nedhal M. Musharfi, SPE, Saudi Aramco; and Pablo Saldungaray, SPE, and Hisham Azam, SPE, Schlumberger, prepared for the 2014 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Amsterdam, 27–29 October. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

The mixed-salinity environment poses a significant challenge in petrophysics. The industry still lacks a workable solution for accurate formation measurements in the presence of variable or unknown water salinity, especially in reservoir surveillance. A pulsed-neutron (PN) spectroscopy tool was characterized by use of laboratory limestone formations and with data generated through Monte Carlo simulation. Results from a number of measurements obtained were compared with values determined from formation-tester samples, demonstrating that a solution for accurate formation-water-salinity (FSAL) determination has been established.
A Domain Splitting-Based Analytical Approach for Assessing Hydro-Thermo-Geomechanical Responses of Heavy-Oil Reservoirs
Authors: Hosseini Behrooz Koohmareh , Chalaturnyk Rick
Published: July 2016

For stress-sensitive heavy-oil reservoirs, geomechanical responses of the reservoir are taken into account because they play an important role in the accurate simulation of all thermal recovery techniques, such as steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) or steamflood. However, full-field numerical simulations of multiphysics processes by any coupling strategies are technically impossible with current computer central processing units (CPUs). Under these conditions, analytical methods can be used as approximate techniques instead of numerical simulators because they are much faster and yet are useful tools for preliminary forecasting and sensitivity studies. In analytical models, inclusion of all flow-variable impacts into geomechanics frameworks make the equations complex and almost impossible to solve. This paper provides a flow-based domain decomposition work flow for performing different analytical coupling schemes in different reservoir compartments.

Because the intensity and complexity of reservoir geomechanics vary over reservoir domain, one can divide the reservoir to some subdomains and assess different geomechanical responses separately in each subdomain. The presented analytical proxy suggests decomposition of the entire domain into two parts of “heated zone” and “wetted zone,” for rapid assessment of geomechanics. The heat-flow equation was combined with mass and momentum convective-transport equations to obtain an exact approach that correlates the saturation front of injected hot water to temperature front. The frontal velocities are dynamic interfaces for compartmentalization of the domain. In the heated zone, the total induced stresses were considered because both temperature and pressure increase, and in the wetted (saturated) zone beyond the temperature front, at each instance, the total stress induced is only a function of pressure increase, and, accordingly, stress and strain induced are caused by isotropic unloading. This technique provides a rapid estimate of geomechanical responses (stress and strain profile) in each part of the reservoir (near field and far field).

A numerical model was built and implemented in CMG-STARS for a steamflood case to show the robustness and applicability range of the model. The results were analyzed for a synthetic-case single-domain model, and the model sensitivity on some reservoir parameters was checked, while geomechanical responses were not neglected anywhere (near field and far field) in the reservoir. The results of the numerical model were in close agreement with the result of the proposed analytical proxy.
Response of Land Configuration and Mulches on Maize–Frenchbean–Toria Cropping System
Authors: Choudhary V. K.
Published: July 2016

Alteration in soil‐topography and placement of mulches could play an important role in in situ conservation of resources. The objective of this study was to assess the productivity, water use, and weed smothering in the rainfed maize (Zea mays L.)–frenchbean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)–toria (Brassica campestris L.) cropping system. Results revealed that the yield improvement under broad bed and furrow (BBF) was noticed up to 33.7% in maize grain, 35.3% in frenchbean green pod, and 28.2% in toria seeds followed by ridges and furrow (R&F) over flat bed (FB). Placement of mulch improved the crop yield by 14.2, 14.4 and 12.4%, respectively than without mulch plots. The FB plots recorded with profuse growth of weeds and obtained highest weed dry biomass. Weed smothering efficiency (WSE) improved by 43.6 to 65.1% in BBF and 54.4 to 72.8% with mulch over FB and without mulch, respectively. Maize and frenchbean under FB plots utilized 43.1 and 14.2% more rain water than the R&F, whereas, R&F plots in toria utilized 12% more than FB plots. The BBF improved the water‐use efficiency (WUE) by 77.9, 40.6, and 37.2% respectively in maize, frenchbean, and toria over FB plots. Placement of mulch utilized the rain water to the tune of 10.4 to 36.1% higher, but WUE was considerably improved by 7.8 and 21.2%, respectively with frenchbean and toria under without mulch plots. Permanent beds along with crop residues as mulch can be utilized as promising resource conserving sustainable production technology in Southeast Asia.

Core Ideas

Land configuration and mulches improved the crop productivity.

Highest weed smothering obtained under broad bed and furrow with mulch.

Water‐use efficiency improved under broad bed and furrow along with mulch.
High‐Density Mapping of Resistance QTL Toward Phytophthora sojae, Pythium irregulare, and Fusarium graminearum in the Same Soybean Population
Authors: Stasko Anna K. , Wickramasinghe Damitha , Nauth Brittany J. , Acharya Bhupendra , Ellis Margaret L. , Taylor Christopher G. , McHale Leah K. , Dorrance Anne E.
Published: July 2016

Phytophthora sojae Kaufm. and Gerd., Pythium irregulare Busiman, and Fusarium graminearum Schwabe [teleomorph: Gibberella zeae (Schwien.) Petch] are important pathogens of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and are all capable of causing seed rot, damping‐off, and root rot. The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to Py. irregulare and to refine previously mapped QTL for resistance to P. sojae and F. graminearum in a larger, more advanced ‘Conrad’ × ‘Sloan’ F9:11 recombinant inbred line population. The population was mapped with 1032 single nucleotide polymorphisms from the SoySNP6K BeadChip and 31 polymerase chain reaction–based molecular markers. Families were evaluated for resistance response to three isolates of P. sojae, one isolate of Py. irregulare, and one isolate of F. graminearum. A total of 10, 2, and 3 QTL and suggestive QTL were found that confer resistance to P. sojae, Py. irregulare, and F. graminearum, respectively. Individual QTL explained 2 to 13.6% of the phenotypic variance. Quantitative trait loci for resistance toward both Py. irregulare and F. graminearum colocalized on chromosome 19. This resistance was contributed by Sloan and was juxtaposed to a QTL for P. sojae with resistance contributed from Conrad. Alleles for resistance to different pathogens contributed from different parents in the same region; the number of unique QTL for each pathogen and the lack of correlation of resistance suggest that different mechanisms are involved in resistance toward P. sojae, Py. irregulare, and F. graminearum.
АНАЛИТИЧЕСКОЕ КОНСТРУИРОВАНИЕ ОПТИМАЛЬНЫХ СИСТЕМ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ДВИЖЕНИЕМ ЛИНЕЙНОГО ОБЪЕКТА ПО ЗАДАННОЙ ТРАЕКТОРИИ ПРИ СТОХАСТИЧЕСКИХ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯХ
Authors: Блохин Л. Н. , Осадчий С. И. , Калич В. М. , Кочерженко Ю. М.
Published: July 2016

Работа посвящена разработке нового метода расчета матриц передаточных функций трактов управленияоптимального многомерного регулятора. Регулятор предназначен для максимизации точности переходалинейного многомерного объекта управления из одного установившегося режима в другой. Предполагаетсячто на объект управления действуют возмущения, а датчики измерительной информации обладают инерцией ипомехами. Как возмущения, так и помехи представляют собой аддитивную комбинацию регулярных ислучайных составляющих. Случайные составляющие ограничены классом взаимосвязанных стационарныхпроцессов с дробно-рациональными матрицами спектральных плотностей. В основу разработки методаположена постановка задачи синтеза с использованием новой структурной схемы сист емы управления,полученной с учетом результатов аттестации динамики датчиков. Синтез регулятора осуществляется вчастотной области методом Винера-Колмогорова. Полученный в результате решения задачи синтеза новыйалгоритм позволяет найти матрицы передаточных функций регулятора, которые обеспечивают минимумсоответствующих квадратичных критериев качества. Первый из них представляет сумму определеннымобразом взвешенных интегральных квадратичных отклонений регулярных ошибки следования объекта потраектории и сигнала управления. Второй критерий представляет сумму взвешенных дисперсий случайныхсоставляющих ошибки и сигнала управления. Для ипользования предложенного алгоритма необходимовыполнить операции винеровской факторизации и сепарации дробно-рациональных матриц.Соответствующие функции содержатся в свободно распространяемом пакете программ SciLab.
TWO-DIMENSIONAL FLAME INSTABILITY AND CONTROL OF BURNING IN THE HAlF-OPEN FIRECHAMBER
Authors: Volkov V. E.
Published: July 2016

The flame stability with regard to two-dimensional exponential perturbations both for the combustion in the half-open fire-chamber and the flame propagating in half-open channels is investigated. It is proved that only instability ispossible for the combustion process. At the same time the one-dimensional flame instability is guaranteed near the front wall of the fire-chamber where the fuel supply is realized. Possibilities for the control of combustion in the halfopenfire-chamber and diminishing of intensity of pulsations are discussed.
АВТОМАТИЗАЦІЯ АНАЛІЗУ КАР’ЄРНОГО РОЗВИТКУ ТА ПІДТРИМКА ПРИЙНЯТТЯ РІШЕНЬ ЩОДО АТЕСТАЦІЇ РОЗРОБНИКІВ ПРОГРАМНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ
Authors: Водолазкіна К. О.
Published: July 2016

Розглянуто проблему збору та аналізу даних для HR менеджерів в ІТ-компанії. Запропоновано розробити автоматизовану система аналізу даних персоналу і відстеження професійної майстерності співробітниківкомпанії. Система виконує збереження та аналіз особистих даних, підтримку прийняття рішень в управлінні персоналом. Для вирішення проблеми запропоновано використовувати метод домінування за Парето.Розроблений підхід дозволяє HR-менеджерам аналізувати професійні зростання всіх співробітників та прийняти краще управлінське рішення.
EFFICIENT RECONSTRUCTION OF ENGINEERING BUILDINGS IN CONDITIONS OF ORGANIZATIONAL CONSTRAINTS
Authors: Nikiforo A. L. , Menejlju I. A.
Published: July 2016

The article presents the results of experimental and statistical modeling and the search for effective organizationalsolutions for reconstruction of high-rise engineering structures by the example of the Ostankino television tower. Thedependences of the factors having the greatest impact on the studied parameters are found. Restrictions on possibleorganizational solutions, on effectiveness indicators are imposed. According to the analysis of diagrams containingrestrictions the most efficient organizational options for reconstruction are recommended.
КОМПЬЮТЕРНО-ИНТЕГРИРОВАННАЯ СИСТЕМА УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПЕРЕСТАНОВКАМИ ТВС В АКЗ ВВЭР-1000 С УЧЕТОМ ПОВРЕЖДЕННОСТИ ОБОЛОЧЕК ТВЭЛОВ
Authors: Стефаник В. М.
Published: July 2016

Методика расчета повреждения оболочек твэлов ВВЕР- 1000 основана на энергетическом варианте теории ползучести, который является экспериментально подтвержденным. Результаты расчета, которые позволяютнаходить алгоритмы перестановок ТВЗ с минимизацией вероятности разгерметизации оболочек, могут быть использованы при проектировании компьютерно-интегрированной системы управления (КИСУ) реакторомВВЕР- 1000. Предложенная структура КИСУ, которая может быть использована при разрабатывании инновационной технологии повышения безопасности и надежности эксплуатации ядерного топлива ВВЕР-1000 за счет уменьшения вероятности разгерметизации оболочек твэлов за механизмом деформационногоповреждения.
Língua e Religião – Uma Só Arqueologia
Authors: Mexias-Simon Maria Lucia
Published: July 2016

Pela presença nas línguas derivadas de um mesmo tronco linguístico, pode-se traçar um esboço da cultura do povo usuário do idioma tronco; mesmo não havendo provas documentais desse idioma tronco, obtémse informações, não só sobre o idioma, mas também, sobre o modo de vida do povo que o utilizava.
Tendências da Língua Coloquial Observadas nos “Erros” Em Trabalhos Escolares
Authors: Mexias-Simon Maria Lucia
Published: July 2016

Análise dos erros mais frequentes na grafia, na morfologia e na sintaxe, encontrados em redações de alunos do 2o. segmento do Ensino Fundamental, como indicadores de tendências linguísticas em dadas regiões e faixa etária.
A Representação da Felicidade na Antiguidade: Um Diálogo com a Psicologia Positiva
Authors: Da Rocha Fátima Niemeyer , Gonçalves Silvia Maria Melo , Pereira Carlos Américo Alves
Published: July 2016

O presente trabalho visa apresentar, de forma sucinta, algumas considerações a respeito do estudo da felicidade, tecendo correlações entre perspectivas de diversos pensadores da Antiguidade com relação à felicidade e resultados de estudos que vêm sendo desenvolvidos em Psicologia Positiva, no âmbito da Psicologia Social, sobre aspectos psicossociais relativos à felicidade, ao bem-estar subjetivo e à qualidade de vida.
A Literatura Conta a História: O Intertexto Onipresente
Authors: Da Fonseca Rafael Italo Fernandes
Published: July 2016

A literatura subsiste no cenário artístico com a finalidade, dentre outras, de relatar a ocorrência histórica. O fato figurou como condição principal para a seleção de um grupo de textos a partir do qual será comprovada a escrita de si. Será abordada a maneira pela qual se dá essa comprovação a partir de alguns critérios, aqui assim elencados: a intencionalidade, a inserção de valor pessoal, o dialogismo e, por conseguinte, a intertextualidade. A fim de propor, através das linhas do presente artigo, um pensamento acerca da onipresença de uma relação irrefutável entre a vivência discursiva de qualquer autor e sua respectiva produção, será mostrado a partir de que ponto a intertextualidade passa a ser processo obrigatório da composição escrita. Isso, de certo modo, viabiliza desconstruir a noção didática que só trabalha essa intertextualidade focando o usuário do texto e sugere a ativação de estudos tendo também o autor como referência.
A construção do conceito de feminilidade na obra freudiana
Authors: Samico Fernanda Cabral
Published: July 2016

Neste artigo, tentaremos abordar brevemente a trajetória feita por Freud para a construção do conceito de feminilidade. Este percurso vai passar pela histeria, pela sexualidade feminina e culminará na tentativa de circunscrever a feminilidade. Buscamos focalizar o encontro de Freud com a feminilidade pelo caminho de sua clínica e sua posição ética de não recuar frente ao enigma do feminino.
O Jornal Vassourense e a Política no Brasil do século XIX - 1885 a 1887
Authors: Monteiro Angelo Ferreira , Lima Ailton Bezerra
Published: July 2016

Buscamos neste estudo verificar o retorno da História Política, através da utilização de outras fontes, no nosso caso um jornal, diferentemente da História Política tradicional que se baseava em documentos oficiais. Tivemos como objetivo analisar e verificar o envolvimento da imprensa do município de Vassouras e sua relação com à política local, como também o seu envolvimento com as questões provinciais e nacionais. Assim optamos pela utilização das edições dos anos de 1885 a 1887 do periódico intitulado Vassourense.
A geração Y e sua influência nas organizações
Authors: De Almeida Flavio Tavares , Tavares Deise Soares da Silva , Da Rocha Fátima Niemeyer , Bernardino Adriana Vasconcelos da Silva
Published: July 2016

Este estudo tem por objetivo analisar os aspectos comportamentais da geração Y e sua influência no contexto organizacional. O contexto social é considerado, pois o meio irá atuar como norteador das atitudes dos representantes dessa geração, fazendo-se necessário o entendimento sobre suas interferências. Busca, também, compreender as interferências culturais, as atitudes e os comportamentos dessa geração, pois a significação que as pessoas dão ao trabalho estará ligada às suas formas de representação, o que acaba por nortear suas ações no meio organizacional. O trabalho, por sua vez, também irá exercer interferências em sua forma de agir e ser, produzindo singularidade e contribuindo para a formação da base de sua identidade profissional.
Negociação e Resistência escrava no século XIX: o caso de Nova Friburgo
Authors: Magaldi Knupp Jéssica
Published: July 2016

Este trabalho pretende realizar uma breve análise das dinâmicas sociais envolvendo senhor e escravo no contexto do Império Brasileiro. Tendo como base um processo-crime da fuga de escravos de uma fazenda da Vila de Nova Friburgo no ano de 1850, busca aproximar a lente de observação, a fim de compreender o escravo como agente de sua própria história. Entendendo que a diversidade étnica dos escravos representava uma variedade nas formas de compreender o sistema no qual estavam inseridos, busca pontuar as diferentes formas de entender a liberdade, apresentando as especificidades do sistema escravocrata na Vila de Nova Friburgo, onde resistência e negociação eram cotidianas.
Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi: redes sociais através do princípio de wiki
Authors: Venancio Simone De Lima , Borges Magno Fonseca
Published: July 2016

Partindo dos verbetes disponíveis no Wikipédia, e fazendo uso do princípio wiki, buscamos compreender o ambiente social em que viveu Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi e as redes de relações por ele vivenciadas e experimentadas ao longo das primeiras etapas de sua vida.
Ter equilíbrio, para dar equilíbrio
Authors: Niemeyer da Rocha Fátima
Published: July 2016

Trata-se da resenha do livro "Ter equilíbrio, para dar equilíbrio. Profissão psicólogo? Um estudo sobre as representações sociais dos alunos de um curso de psicologia" de Ively Guimarães Abdalla. O texto resenhado relata os resultados de uma pesquisa sobre como o aluno do curso de psicologia constrói, no cotidiano de sua atividade discente, a sua identidade como profissional. Trata-se de uma investigação a respeito das representações sociais que os alunos de psicologia elaboram sobre a carreira/profissão e o ser psicólogo, com o objetivo de acompanhar e entender o processo de construção da sua identidade profissional, no decorrer de sua formação, e como a representação social se integra na sua prática.