bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Desarrollo económico desde una visión de éxito del emprendedurismo. Estudio de caso de la Fundación Mundo Mujer
Authors: Ruiz Correa Harold León , Hernando Martínez Carlos
Published: June 2020

En Popayán, la temática de emprendimiento está siendo explorada, pensada y re-flexionada aún por unos pocos, que ven en dichos estudios la importancia de entender las complejidades de hacer empresa en una ciudad con las características que posee, permitiendo analizar y documentar el impacto de dichos emprendimientos en la región, a nivel socioeconómico en materia de oferta de productos y competitividad, ingresos, empleo e innovación, entre otros. La presente investigación, de enfoque cualitativo y cuantitativo, tiene por objeto abordar la Fundación Mundo Mujer como estudio de caso del emprendedurismo empresarial exitoso, caracterizando los factores más representativos asociados al éxito empresarial a través del emprendimiento, así como los efectos socioeconómicos de esta fundación en Popayán.
Marco regulatorio de la inversión extranjera directa y su incidencia en el sector petrolero de Argentina, Perú y Bolivia en el periodo 2006-2015
Authors: Ruiz Pinto Emiro Alonso , Montes Cortés Federico , Galeano Cobos Freddy , Mora Ardila Daniel
Published: June 2020

En las últimas décadas se ha profundizado la tendencia desreguladora como es-trategia de atracción de flujos de inversión extranjera directa (IED) entre países, los supuestos efectos positivos sobre la generación de empleo, la transferencia de tecnología, el mejoramiento de las relaciones internacionales y el crecimiento económico, son solo algunos aspectos que coadyuvan en el discurso a favor de los inversionistas y sus intereses. En el presente trabajo se estudiará el efecto que tiene la disminución de barreras al comercio y la IED dirigida al sector hidrocarburos, específicamente el petróleo, en el crecimiento económico de Argentina, Perú y Bolivia en el periodo comprendido entre 2006 y 2015.
Informe de auditoría y su relación con el mercado integrado latinoamericano (MILA)
Authors: Gutiérrez Castañeda Belky Esperanza , Barrera Montoya Carlos Andrés , Pérez Noreña Daniela
Published: June 2020

El objetivo de la investigación es evaluar la relación del retorno esperado del precio de las acciones de las empresas que cotizan en el mercado integrado latinoamericano (MILA) frente a la divulgación del dictamen del auditor en un periodo 2011-2017, siguiendo la metodología de estudio de eventos (i) CAR; (ii) Fama & French; (iii) BHAR, además test de ARCH, correlaciones tradicionales y cópulas gaussianas. Se identificó que la publicación del dictamen es significativo, sin embargo, no existe una significancia estadísticamente representativa al momento de hacer un modelo de regresión multivariable y de correlación para la relación entre el dictamen y el comportamiento de los precios en los países participantes del MILA.
Impacto del cambio de calificación de riesgo país en los precios de cotización de los activos de renta variable en el mercado integrado latinoamericano (MILA)
Authors: Pérez Noreña Daniela , Giraldo Osorio Daniel Fernando , Gutiérrez Castañeda Belky Esperanza
Published: June 2020

La integración de los mercados bursátiles se da con el objetivo de crear relaciones comerciales mediante acuerdos que buscan el beneficio de los países. El mercado integrado latinoamericano (MILA) busca fomentar el desarrollo del mercado bursátil de Perú, Chile, Colombia y México y ofrecer mayores oportunidades de inversión. Estas integraciones le permiten a los inversionistas encontrar distintos activos fi-nancieros en los cuales invertir sus excedentes de capital a partir de la rentabilidad esperada y el nivel de riesgo, es entonces cuando el riesgo país se convierte en un indicador para la toma de decisiones, ya que las calificadoras de riesgo evalúan las condiciones existentes en una economía y sus vinculaciones con otras. Por lo anterior, se busca evaluar el impacto del cambio de calificación de riesgo país en los precios de los activos de inversión de renta variable del MILA en el periodo 2010-2017 con el fin de identificar la existencia de retornos anormales acumulados en los activos estudiados, utilizando la metodología de estudio de evento, usando el retorno anormal acumulado (CAR), además pruebas de linealidad a través de modelos EGARCH. La metodología planteada permitió conocer que no se evidencia un impacto en los precios de las acciones de las empresas pertenecientes al MILA. Ahora bien, el hecho de que no haya suficientes estudios al respecto del MILA y las oportunidades de inversión que este ofrece, abre una frontera de posibilidades para estudiar el impacto que tienen los mercados de capitales de estas economías.
Aplicación de los criterios de reconocimiento y medición al momento de identificar errores en la propiedad planta y equipo, inventario y deterioro de cartera de acuerdo con la NIC 8 y la sección 10 de la NIIF para pymes
Authors: Rojas Restrepo Farley Sary , García Vásquez Isabel Cristina
Published: June 2020

El propósito de esta investigación es realizar un análisis sobre aplicación de los criterios de reconocimiento y medición al momento de identificar errores en la propiedad planta y equipo, inventario y deterioro de cartera, de acuerdo con la NIC 8 y a la sección 10 de la NIIF para pymes. Este trabajo investigativo es de tipo experimental con un enfoque cualitativo y un método deductivo, partiendo de lo general de la ley hasta identificar las principales dificultades presentadas a los contadores públicos y administradores de empresas del sector confección en Medellín. La herramienta de recolección de datos es la entrevista con preguntas abiertas, lo que permitió obtener mayor información para determinar el proceso de implementación de NIIF en relación con el reconocimiento, medición e identifica-ción de errores en la propiedad, planta y equipo, inventario y deterioro de cartera. La información obtenida permitió concluir que no existe conciencia de la impor-tancia e impacto de la aplicación adecuada de los estándares internacionales tanto en los contadores públicos como en los administradores. Adicionalmente, pudo evidenciarse que se presentan vacíos y desconocimiento al momento de interpretar adecuadamente los estándares internacionales NIC 8 y sección 10 para pymes.
Daño celular y genético como determinantes de la toxicidad de los plaguicidas
Authors: Valbuena Duvan Sebastián , Meléndez-Flórez María Paula , Villegas Victoria Eugenia , Sánchez Magda Carolina , Rondón-Lagos Milena
Published: June 2020

El uso de plaguicidas en Colombia ha permitido el control efectivo de plagas, lo que se ha traducido en un aumento de la productividad agrícola, forestal y ganadera del país. A pesar de sus ventajas, la exposición ocupacional y ambiental a este tipo de compuestos tiene la capacidad de generar efectos nocivos sobre la salud humana, debido a que pueden inducir daño en el material genético y provocar enfermedades como el cáncer. Aunque los efectos nocivos de la exposición a los plaguicidas son ampliamente conocidos, la información sobre el daño genómico (génico y cromosómico) producido es escasa o ausente. Esta revisión tiene como objetivo describir los efectos celulares y genéticos inducidos por la exposición a plaguicidas, así como sus implicaciones sobre la etiología de ciertas enfermedades. Considerando el amplio uso de plaguicidas en el mundo y su impacto sobre la salud, aumentar el bagaje de conocimiento sobre sus efectos nocivos permitirá establecer posibilidades futuras de aplicación de pruebas para la detección temprana de enfermedades, así como desarrollar programas y/o acciones preventivas dirigidas a la protección de los individuos más vulnerables en entornos ocupacionales y ambientales.
Perkembangan Tingkat Pengembalian Investasi Pendidikan Menengah di Indonesia Tahun 2015 dan 2018
Authors: Amalia Nuelda , Sugiharti Lilik
Published: June 2020

This research aims to estimate returns to secondary education in Indonesia, especially senior and vocational high school, and its development in 2015 and 2018. Data from Indonesia National Labor Force Survey (NFLS) 2015 and 2018 are used here. Returns are estimated using Two-Step Heckman Method. The results are, in 2015, returns to senior high school (9,32%) are higher than vocational high school (8,89%). However, in 2018, returns to vocational high school (9,53%) are higher than senior high school (9,41%). This shift is caused by the increasing number of vocational school graduates absorbed in workforce and increasing income of vocational school workforce. -------------------------------- Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perkembangan tingkat pengembalian investasi pendidikan menengah di Indonesia, khususnya jenjang SMA dan SMK, serta perkembangannya pada tahun 2015 dan 2018. Data yang digunakan adalah Data Survei Angkatan Kerja Nasional (Sakernas) Indonesia tahun 2015 dan 2018. Estimasi tingkat pengembalian investasi pendidikan dilakukan dengan Metode Two-Step Heckman. Hasilnya, pada tahun 2015, tingkat pengembalian investasi pendidikan SMA (9,32%) lebih tinggi daripada SMK (8,89%). Namun pada tahun 2018, tingkat pengembalian investasi pendidikan SMK (9,53%) lebih tinggi daripada SMA (9,41%). Pergeseran ini disebabkan oleh semakin banyaknya lulusan SMK yang terserap di lapangan kerja serta meningkatnya penghasilan tenaga kerja lulusan SMK.
A gázpiaci modellváltás szabályozásának egyes lépései Magyarországon
Authors: Czékmann Zsolt
Published: June 2020

More than a decade after the European and domestic market liberalization, looking back to the process that led to a structural reform of the sector, we are now distant enough to to re-examine and evaluate the steps taken at that time. The aim of this study is to review the changes of the market model of the gas market in the light of the law and state involvement. We do not seek to explore economic and political relations, not disputing the importance of these, nor the significance of state supervision and coordination, especially the role of the Hungarian Energy and Public Utility Regulatory Authority (HEA) in the field. The examination of the integration of the domestic market to the international market structure does not fall into the scope of this paper either, with the exception of the energy policy regulation of the European Union. The focus is on the comparison between the model that was dreamed up in the ’90s and the one which has developed until the present day, as well as the regulatory model that led so far.
Az elektromobilitás jogszabályi környezete Magyarországon
Authors: Farkas Csamangó Erika
Published: June 2020

The EU considers it a strategic goal to propagate electric transport. This goal ties into (among others) the Europe 2020 Strategy, the Clean Transport Systems Initiative, and the Horizon 2020. In Hungary, the propagation of electric cars was accelerated by the adoption of the Jedlik Ányos Plan (Henceforth: Plan) in 2015.Electric vehicles reduce the sound pollution of traffic, they are significantly quieter than traditional motor vehicles.
Energia szabályozás klímavédelmi szemmel
Authors: Lengyel Attila
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the Article, to make a survey on domestic energy regulation from the prospective of climate protection. The basis of the survey is the new National Energy Strategy published in January 2020, which defines those milestones being the significant climate protection topics of the next decade from economical, technical and regulation perspective. This mean three topics. The greater utilization of solar plants, in connection with I will examine the licensing procedure of small solar power plants, the grid connection process and the first experiences of the METÁR tender. The improvement of the energy efficiency, for that I will pair an inspiring austrian example. Finally, greening transport, within that I will make a fresh regulation analysis which intends to follow the lively development of electromobility.
A bioüzemanyagok előállítására és fenntarthatósági tanúsítására vonatkozó jogi szabályozás megújítása
Authors: Olajos István
Published: June 2020

The regulation of biofuels is such an interface of energy law and agricultural law having regard to the aspects of climate protection, for which the significance of legal regulation is steadily increasing in these days. In 2020 the ratio of bioethanol and bioester mixed to the fuels increased to 10%. In this article, I undertake to collect the area’s most important sources of international, European Union and domestic regulations in order to get a clear picture about the current situation of the interface of energy law legislation and climate protection.
Az atomerőművek üzemidejének meghosszabbítása az Egyesült Államokban és Magyarországon
Authors: Paulovics Anita
Published: June 2020

This paper is about the legal regulation of the extension of the operation time of nuclear power plants.  In Hungary the most important document in this respect has been the National Energy Strategy analyzed in the paper. In Hungary, the legal regulation of the extension of the time limit of the operation-permit of nuclear power plants is modelled on that of the United States. For this reason, the paper examines the rules in force in the USA on the extension of the operation time.  It could be of interest for several European countries considering to extend the operation time of their nuclear power plants.
Az Európai Unió környezetvédelmi jogának érvényesülése az Európai Unió Bíróságának néhány jogesete tükrében
Authors: Szőllős Andrea
Published: June 2020

In the framework of the present study, the author has concentrated on the judicial practice in relation to the Water Framework Directive, though – due to the relatively short ‘history’ of the Directive and presumably the Member States’ awareness of its significant importance – there are not too many relevant cases. The author has focused on two of the available cases in detail. One of them is Case C‑525/12 initiated by the European Commission against the Federal Republic of Germany and in which quite a few Member States intervened in support of the form of order sought by the Federal Republic of Germany. The other case, C-664/15 was a request for a preliminary ruling from the Verwaltungsgerichtshof (Supreme Administrative Court, Austria) in the legal proceedings between Protect Natur-, Arten- und Landschaftsschutz Umweltorganisation and Bezirkshauptmannschaft Gmünd. In both cases, there are well-grounded interpretations of the provisions of the Water Framework Directive beneficial for legal practice.
Korelasi dan Analisis Lintas Beberapa Karakter Tanaman Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.) pada Kondisi Normal dan Tercekam Kekeringan (Correlations and Path Analysis of Some Characters in Chili Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Under Normal and Drought Stress)
Authors: Rosmaina NFN - , Sobir NFN , Parjanto NFN , Yunus Ahmad
Published: June 2020

Cekaman air merupakan salah satu faktor pembatas pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman termasuk cabai (Capsicum annuum L.). Produktivitas tanaman merupakan karakter yang kompleks sehingga hubungan antarkarakter perlu diketahui untuk mendapatkan kriteria seleksi yang tepat untuk perbaikan tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kriteria seleksi terhadap produksi tanaman cabai toleran kekeringan pada fase pembungaan. Penelitian disusun menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan tiga taraf cekaman air, yaitu 100% kapasitas lapang (kontrol), 50% kapasitas lapang (medium stress), dan 25% kapasitas lapang (extreme stress). Hasil analisis korelasi menunjukkan bahwa berbagai karakter yang diamati memperlihatkan perbedaan asosiasi dengan level cekaman kekeringan. Karakter panjang akar tidak dapat digunakan sebagai kriteria seleksi tanaman cabai yang toleran terhadap kekeringan karena panjang akar tidak berkorelasi secara signifikan dengan bobot buah per tanaman pada 50% dan 25% kapasitas lapang. Berdasarkan korelasi dan analisis lintas pada kondisi normal (100% kapasitas lapang) dan kondisi tercekam (50% kapasitas lapang), karakter jumlah buah dan persentase fruit set berkorelasi positif dan berpengaruh langsung terhadap bobot buah per tanaman sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai kriteria seleksi untuk perbaikan tanaman cabai yang toleran kekeringan.

Keywords

Cekaman air; Cekaman kekeringan; Kriteria seleksi; Cabai; Capsicum annuum L

Abstract

Water stress is one of limiting factors for plant growth and production, including chili (Capsicum annuum L.). Plant productivity is a complex character so the relationship between characters needs to be known to get the right selection criteria for crop improvement. This study aimed to determine the selection criteria for the production of drought-tolerant chili pepper at the flowering phase. The research arranged under completely randomized design with three levels of water stress, namely 100% water field capacity (control), 50% water field capacity (medium stress) and 25% water field capacity (extreme stress). The results of the correlation analysis showed that the various characters observed exhibited differences associations with drought stress levels. Root length cannot be used for selection criterium of drought tolerant on chili because it was no positive significantly correlated to fruit weight per plant at 50% and 25% water field capacity. Based on correlation and path analysis in normal and drought conditions, the number of fruits and percentage of fruit set can be used as selection criteria for genetic improvement of drought-tolerant on chili plants because these characters were significantly positively correlated and had a direct effect on fruit weight of the plant.
Deterring or Entertaining? Can the Caning Punishment Execution in Aceh Meet its Objective?
Authors: Fadlia Faradilla , Susilawati Novi , Ramadani Ismar , Sari Novita
Published: June 2020

This article probes whether the implementation of the caning sentence in Aceh may reach its objective of deterrent effect given the way the execution conducted. From the field observation, the flogging was not much different from entertainment. The mass gathered in one place to watch the execution; they include children, street vendors, researchers, and journalists. There was a stage, VIP seats for guests, loudspeakers, administrative arrangements, and the caning punishment procession. Using a qualitative research approach with an in-depth interview method, it seeks to understand how the community involved in the caning execution was and how the government was designed the sentence as such and why.  It finds that while the government saw the caning law as the implementation of Islamic sharia in Aceh, the people perceived its execution more as entertainment. The government has used the caning sentence execution as a demonstration of power, often for a political gain, because it emphasizes its presence not only as of the guardian of shari’a for Acehnese but also as a devout politician who keeps his political promises. Yet, little of this punishment deterrent effect conveyed to the society due to the way it was staged and executed.Keywords: Qanun Jinayat, Aceh, Caning Punishment, Stage, Entertainment, Deterrent Effect.
Islam, Islamic Law and Constitution Making: International and Domestic Engagement in the Constitution-Making Process in Afghanistan
Authors: Rofii Ahmad
Published: June 2020

The making of the 2004 Constitution was a significant moment amidst the continuing conflicts in Afghanistan. It was an attempt to transform differences and conflicts into a shared agenda for the future of the country. The process of constitution-making in Afghanistan was marked by intense negotiations between the international community and actors, on the one hand, and domestic actors, on the other. The outcome would be called a “win-win solution”. This essay focuses on the making of the Islam-related clauses: How was the public participation? How has the negotiation been undertaken? What was the result and why? This essay is an attempt to answer those questions. It will argue that the process of constitution-making in Afghanistan particularly with regard to the Islam clauses is the acts of negotiations between different competing actors. The Constitution is the product of negotiations not only between international and domestic actors, but also between domestic actors. As evident in the making of the Islam clauses, these negotiations might be characterized as between puritan Islamist and more moderate Muslim actors.Keywords: constitution-making, Afghanistan, the 2004 Constitution, Islam clauses, Islamic.
A Persuasive Technology for Managing Waste Disposal through Smart Trash Bin and Waste Disposal Tracker
Authors: Karnalim Oscar , Wongso Oscar , Elbert Budiman Vincent , Christian Jonathan Felix , Alan Manuel Bertha , Marlina Marlina
Published: June 2020

Waste management issue is a relevant topic that had been focused on many persuasive technologies. This issue is not only related to getting disposed of waste in proper places but also reducing waste disposal volume. This paper proposes a persuasive system that aims both goals by providing a smart trash bin and waste disposal tracker. The smart trash bin is an IoT-featured trash bin whereas waste disposal tracker is a mobile application which can record user daily waste disposal volume statistic. Based on the evaluation, our proposed system has achieved both goals. Additionally, it also solves several impediments such as incapability of moral background to encourage people to dispose waste on the trash bin, boring and monotonous waste disposal activity, and discouragement for disposing waste due to full trash bin. In order to attract people, our system includes attractive mechanisms such as playful experience, reflective experience, and gamification. Playful experience is applied to a smart trash bin, whereas the other two are applied to the waste disposal tracker.
Increasing the Security of RFID-based Classroom Attendance System with Shamir Secret Share
Authors: Putrada Aji Gautama , Abdurohman Maman
Published: June 2020

This paper proposes an attendance system for increasing the security based on Shamir Secret Share algorithm. The use of RFID devices for classroom attendance is still vulnerable to certain attacks. Students usually make use of existing loopholes for prohibited things, such as forged attendance. Shamir Secret Share is a security method based on the Secure Multiparty Computation (SMC) concept. The SMC guarantees not only the confidentiality of external attacks but also of each member in the secure system. In the attendance scenario using Shamir Secret Share, a student and a lecturer must do tapping at the same time; otherwise, the secret that opens the lock for attendance at that class will not be opened. To realize this system, this paper uses two RFID modules, each of which is connected to one nodeMCU microcontroller. Both systems are connected to a database where the Shamir Shared Secret calculation is performed. Some experiment has been implemented for proving the concept. The result shows that some scenarios of fraud in RFID based attendance can be prevented.
WhatsApp Chat Visualizer: A Visualization of WhatsApp Messenger’s Artifact Using the Timeline Method
Authors: Shidek Hardiansyah , Cahyani Niken , Wardana Aulia Arif
Published: June 2020

WhatsApp is a medium that everyone can use to interact and to share information effectively and efficiently. However, it can be misused for criminal activities. Analyzing WhatsApp' artifacts is quite challenging as the suspect may have a lot of random conversational data to be considered. This makes it difficult for the trial process to obtain digital traces that can be identified in malicious activities such as knowing who was involved when the conversation was held and the timespan. Therefore, in this research, a social media investigation of WhatsApp was carried out by acquiring data from rooted Android devices that were used as target devices for forensic activities. A python-based application is developed to show the content of the conversation, and a web-based application is presented to visualize the data using the Timeline method. Experimental results in this research display important timeline information such as information about who was involved when and what time the conversation was carried out with the suspect.
Os territórios da degradação do trabalho na Região Sul e o arranjo organizado a partir da COVID-19
Authors: Heck Fernando Mendonça , Nascimento Júnior Lindberg , Ruiz Roberto Carlos , Menegon Fabrício Augusto
Published: June 2020

O novo Coronavírus (SARS-CoV-2) ofereceu aos setores científico, político e econômico uma diversidade de desafios. Um deles é a difusão espacial da doença, que apresenta padrão urbano-rodoviário considerando sua concentração e dispersão no território. O presente artigo amplia essa análise incorporando atividades e serviços prioritários, como os frigoríficos, enquanto mais um fator de difusão espacial da doença, especialmente em sua fase de interiorização no Brasil. A avaliação foi desenvolvida a partir de relações entre frigoríficos e a ocorrência da COVID-19 na Região Sul, analisadas a partir do conceito de territórios da degradação do trabalho e da dinâmica processual da saúde-doença e seus múltiplos determinantes. Os dados relativos à localização dos vínculos e empreendimentos em frigoríficos e os casos confirmados da doença por município foram submetidos a mapeamento utilizando modelos convencionais da cartografia temática e técnicas de geoestatística. Os resultados sugerem áreas críticas e potencialmente críticas, considerando a similaridade e a difusão espacial da doença no âmbito local e regional. Aponta também para a preocupação com a disseminação da doença em virtude dos movimentos pendulares de trabalhadores e trabalhadoras e aponta os frigoríficos como potenciais centros de difusão da COVID-19 nos estados da Região Sul. Em síntese, a relação capital-trabalho e o processo saúde-doença se apresentam como uma das faces das relações sociais de produção e relações assimétricas de poder na sociedade capitalista que colocam os agravos à saúde do/a trabalhador/a como tendência objetiva e não acidental, fortuita ou natural.
Maternal effects shape the alternative splicing of parental alleles in reciprocal cross hybrids of Megalobrama amblycephala ´ Culter alburnus
Authors: Ren Li , Yan Xiaojing , Gao Xin , Cui Jialin , Yan Pengcheng , Wu Chang , Li Wuhui , Liu Shaojun
Published: June 2020

Background : Maternal effects contribute to adaptive significance for shaping various phenotypes of many traits. Potential implications of maternal effects are the cause of expression diversity, but these effects on mRNA expression and alternative splicing (AS) have not been fully elucidated in hybrid animals. Results: Two reciprocal cross hybrids following hybridization of Megalobrama amblycephala (blunt snout bream, BSB) and Culter alburnus (topmouth culter, TC) were used as a model to investigate maternal effects. In a comparison of BSB- and TC- homoeolog expression from the two reciprocal cross hybrids, we identified 49–348 differentially expressed BSB-homoeologous genes and 54–354 differentially expressed TC-homoeologous genes. 2402, 2959, and 3418 AS events between the two reciprocal cross hybrids were detected in Illumina data of muscle, liver, and gonads, respectively. Moreover, 21,577 (TC-homoeologs) and 30,007 (BSB-homoeologs) AS events were found in the 20,131 homoeologous gene pairs of TBF3 based on PacBio data, while 30,561 (TC-homoeologs) and 30,305 (BSB-homoeologs) AS events were found in BTF3. These results further improve AS prediction at the homoeolog level. The various AS patterns in bmpr2a belonged to the bone morphogenetic protein family were selected as an AS model to investigate expression diversity and their potential effects to body shape traits.Conclusions: The distribution of differentially expressed genes and AS in BSB- and TC-subgenomes exhibited various changes between the two reciprocal cross hybrids, suggesting that maternal effects were the cause of expression diversity. These findings provide a novel insight into mRNA expression changes and AS under maternal effects in lower vertebrates.
Association of complete uncinate process removal on 2-year assessment of radiologic outcomes: subsidence and sagittal balance in patients receiving one-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion
Authors: Noh Sung Hyun , Park Jeong Yoon , Kuh Sung Uk , Chin Dong Kyu , Kim Keun Su , Cho Yong Eun , Kim Kyung Hyun
Published: June 2020

Background: Many patients with cervical radiculopathy experience stenosis of the neural foramens due to cumulative osteophyte or uncovertebral joint hypertrophy. For cervical foraminal stenosis, complete uncinate process resection (UPR) is often conducted concurrently with anterior discectomy and fusion (ACDF). The aim of this study was to assess the clinical and radiological outcomes of ACDF with complete UPR versus ACDF without UPR. Methods: In total, 105 patients who performed one-level ACDF with a cage-and-plate construct between 2011 and 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Among them, 37 patients had ACDF with complete UPR, and 68 patients had ACDF without UPR. Radiologic outcomes of disc height, C2–C7 lordosis, T1 slope, C2–C7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA), center of the sella turcica–C7 SVA (St-SVA), spino-cranial angle (SCA), and fusion rate were evaluated on plain X-ray at pre-operation, immediately post-operation, and at 2-year follow-up. For statistically matched pairs analysis, ACDF with UPR group (24 patients) and ACDF without UPR (24 patients) were compared.Results: All of the clinical parameters improved at the 2-year follow up (P<0.0001). Improvement in visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for arm pain was significantly improved in the ACDF with complete UPR group immediately post-operation. All cervical sagittal parameters, including cervical lordosis, segmental angle, disc height, C2-C7 SVA, St-SVA, T1 slope, and SCA, except for preoperative St-SVA, SCA, and disc height of 2 years follow-up, were similar between the ACDF with complete UPR and ACDF without UPR groups. Differences in disc height, C2-C7 SVA, and SCA at 2-year follow up after preoperative examination, however, were statistically significant (p<0.05). Subsidence occurred in 9 patients (ACDF with complete UPR: 8 cases [33%] versus ACDF without UPR: 1 cases [4%]; p < 0.05). Conclusions: Cervical sagittal alignment after ACDF with complete UPR is not significantly different from that achieved with ACDF without UPR. However, subsidence appears to occur more often after ACDF with complete UPR than after ACDF without UPR, although with little to no clinical impact. More precise and careful selection of patients is needed when deciding on additional complete UPR.
The Correlation between Follow-up MRI Findings and Laboratory Results in Pyogenic Spondylodiscitis
Authors: Ahn Kyung-Sik , Kang Chang Ho , Hong Suk-Joo , Kim Baek Hyun , Shim Euddeum
Published: June 2020

Background: Although MRI is the gold-standard imaging method in the diagnosis of spondylodiscitis, role of follow-up imaging is debated and there can be discrepancies with regard to the significance of bony or soft tissue responses to treatment. Purpose of our study is to test whether the MRI changes on follow-up imaging correlate with laboratory findings of treatment response.Methods: A total of 48 patients with pyogenic spondylodiscitis who underwent baseline and follow-up MRI were retrospectively reviewed. The extent of bone marrow edema, paravertebral soft tissue inflammation, and disc height were compared on baseline and follow-up MRIs with the C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) levels obtained from the medical records at baseline and on follow-up. Relationships between the MRI and laboratory changes were analyzed using the Spearmann correlation test.Results: The mean MRI follow-up period was 42.25 days. Based on the CRP (resolved: n=19, resolving: n=19, and aggravated: n=10), there was significant correlation between the laboratory results and the changes in the bone and soft tissues (p < 0.01, both). The correlation was best with soft tissue changes (rho: 0.48) followed by bony changes (rho: 0.41). Based on the ESR (resolved: n=8, resolving: n=22, and worsened: n=18), the correlation was stronger with bone changes (rho: 0.45, p < 0.01) than it was with soft tissue changes (rho: 0.39, p = 0.01).Conclusion: Follow-up MRI findings of pyogenic spondylodiscitis show variable tissue responses. CRP was best correlated with soft tissue changes, while ESR showed the best association with bony changes.
A comparison, for older people with diabetes, of health and health care utilisation in two different health systems on the island of Ireland
Authors: Pierse Tom , Barry Luke , Glynn Liam , Murphy Andrew W , Cruise Sharon , O’Neill Ciaran
Published: June 2020

Background: There are social and economic differences between Northern Ireland (NI) and the Republic of Ireland (ROI). There are also differences in the health care systems in the two jurisdictions. The aims of this study are to compare health (prevalence of diabetes and related complications) and health care utilisation (general practitioner, outpatient or accident and emergency utilisation) among older people with diabetes in the NI and ROI. Methods: Large scale comparable surveys of people over 50 years of age in Northern Ireland (NICOLA, wave 1) and the Republic of Ireland (TILDA, wave 1) are used to compare people with diabetes (type I and type II) in the two jurisdictions. The combined data set comprises 1,536 people with diabetes. A coarsened exact matching approach is used to compare health care utilisation among people with diabetes in NI and ROI with equivalent demographic, lifestyle and illness characteristics (age, gender, education, smoking status and self-related health, number of other chronic diseases and number of diabetic complications).Results: The overall prevalence of diabetes in the 50 to 84 years old age group is 3.4 percentage points higher in NI (11.1% in NI, 7.7% ROI, p-value < 0.01). The diabetic population in NI appear sicker – with more diabetic complications and more chronic illnesses. Comparing people with diabetes in the two jurisdictions with similar levels of illness we find that there are no statistically significant differences in GP, outpatient or A&E utilisation.Conclusion: Despite the proximity of NI and ROI there are substantial differences in the prevalence of diabetes and its related complications. Despite differences in the health services in the two jurisdictions the differences in health care utilisation for an equivalent cohort are small.
Factors affecting physiotherapy clinical education in the United Arab Emirates: Perceptions of students and clinical educator.
Authors: Ramakrishnan Senthilnathan , Bairapareddy Kalyana Chakravarthy
Published: June 2020

Background Clinical education is the cornerstone of physiotherapy education. Clinical educators play a pivotal role in shaping students’ attitude towards their future role as physiotherapist. But the implementation of physiotherapy clinical education varies significantly between institutions. Research has shown several factors influencing the clinical education. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the factors affecting physiotherapy clinical education in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Methods This research used mixed-methods approach and recruited participants through purposive and convenience sampling. Data was collected through a survey using questionnaire and face-to-face interviews. Thirty-four physiotherapy students completed a questionnaire after attending 12 weeks of clinical placements. Twenty-six clinical educators and 9 students participated in the interview. Descriptive statistics including frequency percentage, median and percentiles were used for quantitative data analysis. Thematic analysis method was used for qualitative data analysis. Results Quantitative study found greater student satisfaction in clinical education. But the qualitative study identified several factors affecting clinical education in the context of this study. These factors include student interest, learning style, culture, and ability to cope with challenges. In addition, clinical educator workload, teaching strategies, curriculum knowledge, academic-clinical partnership, peer learning, placement model and expectations were the other factors that influenced physiotherapy clinical education within the UAE. Conclusions The findings of this study are useful to physiotherapy clinical educators, students, and faculty. It provides insight into various factors affecting physiotherapy clinical education. Furthermore, it recommends evidence-based strategies to neutralize those factors influencing clinical education.
Prevalence of antibodies against a cyclic peptide mimicking the FG loop of the human papillomavirus type 16 capsid among Tunisian women
Authors: Hassen Elham , Bansal Devendra , Ghdira Randa , Chaieb Anouar , Khairi Hedi , Zakhama Abdelfatteh , Remadi Sami , Hoebeke Johan , Sultan Ali A , Chouchane Lotfi
Published: June 2020

Background In the past decade, the cervical cancer rank went down from the second to the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide but remains ranked second in developing countries. High-risk types of human papillomavirus, mainly type 16, are the sexually transmitted agents etiologically linked to cervical cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the usefulness of a cyclic synthetic peptide designed from the major L1 capsid protein of the HPV16 for detecting anti-HPV16 antibodies. Methods We designed and synthetized a peptide that corresponds to the full sequence of the surface-exposed FG loop. We tested against HPV16 L1 monoclonal antibodies the antigenicity of the linear and the cyclic peptides. Detection of anti-peptide antibodies was assessed by ELISA in sera and cervical secretions of 179 Tunisian women. For HPV DNA detection and genotyping, polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing methods were applied. Results Both the linear and the cyclic peptides were recognized by the same neutralizing monoclonal antibodies but the cyclic peptide was more reactive with human sera. In contrast to HPV16 DNA prevalence, the prevalence of the anti-peptide antibodies in sera was higher in women with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LGSIL) than in women with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HGSIL) (44% and 15%, respectively). Compared to women from the general population, systemic IgG prevalence was significantly higher among sex workers (25%; P=0.002) and women with LGSIL (44%; P=0.001). In addition, systemic IgA and cervical IgG prevalence was higher, only among sex workers (p=0.002 and P=0.001 respectively). We did not observe anti-peptide IgG antibodies in women with a current HPV16 infection.Conclusion Anti-peptide IgG in sera or in cervical secretions could be markers of an effective natural immunization against the HPV16. This may open novel perspective for monitoring vaccinated women and for the design of synthetic peptide-based vaccine.
Unrevealing model compounds of soil conditioners impacts on the wheat straw autohydrolysis efficiency and enzymatic hydrolysis
Authors: Wu Xinxing , Tang Wei , Huang Chen , Huang Caoxing , Lai Chenhuan , Yong Qiang
Published: June 2020

Background: Soil-derived exogenous ash (EA) poses a challenge toward lignocellulosics autohydrolysis due to its buffering capacity. Previous works focusing on this phenomenon have failed to also investigate the role that soluble salts, and organic matter plays in this system. Herein, sodium phosphate and sodium humate were employed as model buffering compounds representing soluble salts and organic matter and dosed into a de-ashed wheat straw (DWS) autohydrolysis process to show the potential impacts of WS attached soil conditioners on the WS autohydrolysis efficiency which would further affect the enzymatic digestibility of autohydrolyzed WS.Results: Results showed that with the increasing loadings of sodium phosphate and sodium humate resulted in elevated pH values (from 4.0 to 5.1 and from 4.1 to 4.7, respectively). Meanwhile, the reductions of xylan removal yields from ~84.3-61.4% to 72.3-53.0% by loading (1~30 g/L) sodium phosphate and sodium humate during WS autohydrolysis lead to a significant decrease of cellulose accessibilities which finally lead to a reduction of the enzymatic digestibility of autohydrolyzed WS from ~75.4-77.2% to 47.3-57.7%.Conclusion: The existence of different types soil conditioner model compounds result in various component fractions from autohydrolyzed WS in the process of autohydrolysis. A lack of sufficient xylan removal was found to drive the significant decrease in enzymatic accessibility. The results demonstrated the various effects of two typical tested soil conditioners on WS autohydrolysis and enzymatic hydrolysis.
Scalpel can achieve better clinical outcomes compared with electric cautery in primary total knee arthroplasty: A comparison study.
Authors: Lin Wei , Dai Yike , Niu Jinghui , Yang Guangmin , Li Ming , Wang Fei
Published: June 2020

Background: Whether using the scalpel can provide better and faster recovery after the primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is still controversial. The aim of this research was to compare the clinical outcomes of using the scalpel and the electric cautery in primary TKA.Methods: From January 2016 to December 2017, a retrospective cohort study was conducted in 313 patients who underwent unilateral primary TKA by using the scalpel (group S). During this period, we selected 313 patients who underwent unilateral primary TKA by using the electric cautery (group E) for comparison. The tourniquet time, operative time, blood loss, wound complications, visual analog score for pain, range of motion, Knee Society Score were assessed between the two groups. The Forgotten Joint Score was used to analyze the ability to forget the joint. Results: There were no significant differences in tourniquet time, operative time, blood loss between the two groups (p > 0.05). In the group S, the visual analog score for pain, range of motion, Knee Society Score were found better results at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months and 24 months after surgery (p < 0.05). Besides, during the follow-up period, the Forgotten Joint Score was significantly higher compared with group E (p < 0.05).Conclusion: In this research, the patients who underwent TKA by using the scalpel could achieve better clinical outcomes. In addition, if forgotten artificial joint after TKA was the final goal, the patients who underwent TKA by using the scalpel would acquire better quality of life.
Türkiye Bina Deprem Yönetmeliğine (2018) Göre Sıvılaşma Potansiyeli Analizi ve Sığacık (Seferihisar/İzmir) Örneği
Authors: DURUKAN Seda , SARIKAYA Ezgi
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışma, Sığacık sınırları içinde yer alan alüvyon özellikteki zeminlerin deprem etkisi altında sıvılaşma potansiyelinin Türkiye Bina Deprem Yönetmeliği (TBDY)’ne göre analiz edilerek incelenmesini içermektedir. Çalışma alanının altından Batı Anadolu Fay Hattı kollarından Seferihisar Yelki fay zonu geçmektedir. Bu riskin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla Seferihisar ilçesinin yeraltı su seviyesi yüksek olan Sığacık mahallesindeki Seferihisar Belediyesi tarafından ruhsatlandırılmış yapılardan elde edilen zemin etüt raporları incelenmiş, 18 adet sondaj çalışmasına ait veriler kullanılmıştır. Bu kapsamda, önce yönetmelikte verilmiş olan sıvılaşma riski analiz yöntemi tanıtılmış ve örnek bir çözüm ayrıntıları ile sunulmuştur. Ardından, Sığacık mahallesindeki veriler değerlendirilmiş ve farklı deprem senaryoları için sıvılaşma riskleri hesaplanıp, harita üzerinde sunulmuş ve tahmini oturma miktarları da hesaplanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, inceleme sahası içinde 1. senaryo için hesap yapılan noktaların %65’i sıvılaşma için riskli olarak nitelendirilmiştir. 2. senaryoda sıvılaşma riski azalmış ve %47’ye kadar inmiştir. 3. senaryoda ise, ilgili bölge %71 oranında güvenli olarak belirlenmiştir. Bununla beraber, 1. senaryo için aynı zamanda tahmini oturma miktarları da iki yöntem kullanılarak hesaplanmış ve parsel bazında olası oturmaların her iki yöntemde de 50 cm’yi aştığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Derinlik boyunca her tabaka için, veri bulunmayan yerlerde ise tabaka başına hesap yapılmış ve 8,1-27,9 cm arasında değişen oturma miktarları hesaplanmıştır.
Yerel Yönetimler İçin Karbon Ayak İzinin Belirlenmesi: Ümraniye Belediyesi Örneği
Authors: GÜRSOY HAKSEVENLER Betül Hande , ÇELİK ONAT Gamze Nur , AKPINAR Begüm , BEDEL Tuğba
Published: June 2020

Bugün olumsuz etkileri ile karşı karşıya olduğumuz küresel ısınmanın azaltılması yönünde uluslararası, ulusal, bölgesel ve yerel düzeyde önlemler alınması yoluna gidilmektedir. Küresel ısınmanın büyük ölçüde kentleşmeden ve kentlerden kaynaklanması, yerel yönetimlere önemli sorumluluklar yüklemektedir. Bu çalışmada İstanbul’un ilçelerinden hızlı bir şekilde gelişmekte olan ve önemli bir nüfusu barındıran Ümraniye ilçesi pilot bölge olarak seçilmiştir. İlçe sınırları içerisinde yer alan konutlar, sanayiler, ticarethaneler ve resmi kurumlar (hastane, okul, vb.) ile ulaşım kaynaklı karbon ayak izinin belirlenmesinin yanı sıra Ümraniye Belediyesinin kendi faaliyetlerinden kaynaklanan karbon ayak izi de belirlenmiştir. Bu kapsamda ilgili kurumlardan toplanan 2017 yılı doğalgaz ve elektrik tüketim verileri ile toplu taşıma ve özel araçların güzergah, sayı, yakıt cinsi ve tüketimleri dikkate alınmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlardan, karbon ayak izinin bu kaynaklar arasında konutlarda %43, ticarethane ve resmi kurumlarda %35, ulaşımda %16, sanayide %4 ve dış ortam aydınlatmalarında %1 olarak dağıldığı gözlenmiştir. Bu kaynaklardan özellikle ticarethaneler ve resmi kurumlar (%29) ile konutlarda (%22) elektrik kullanımının etkisinin büyük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ulaşımda özel araç kullanımının etkisinin (%50), toplu taşımaya (%12) göre oldukça yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Belediyenin kendi faaliyetlerinden kaynaklanan karbon ayak izinin ise toplam içinde %3 oranla düşük bir paya sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. İlçede kişi baına düşen emisyon 2,55 ton CO2/kişi olarak hesaplanmıştır.
Batı Karadeniz Bölgesinde Kuraklık İndisleri Üzerine Trend Analizi Uygulanması
Authors: PARTAL Turgay , YAVUZ Ercan
Published: June 2020

Bu çalışmada Batı Karadeniz Bölgesinde elde edilen kuraklık indisleri üzerine trend analizi uygulanmıştır. Kuraklık, iklim araştırmacıları için son yıllarda çok önem verilen bir konu haline gelmiştir. Bu çalışma içinde, trend analizi yöntemleri kullanılarak, kuraklık indislerinde trend olup olmadığı araştırılmıştır. Trend analizi için ilk önce standart yağış indisi ve De martonne indisi elde edilmiştir. Daha sonra Mann-Kendall testi bu kuraklık indisleri üzerine uygulanmıştır. Çalışmada kullanılan veriler 1960 ve 2015 yılları arasında verilere sahip 6 istasyona aittir. Kullanılan veriler Batı Karadeniz Bölgesinin genel hidrolojik özelliklerini yansıtacak şekilde seçilmiştir. Trend analizine göre, 1 aylık standart yağış indisi için Aşırı Şiddetli Kuraklık sınıfında tüm istasyonlarda istatistiksel olarak %5 anlamlılık seviyesinde önemli olmayan artan eğilim vardır. Diğer yandan De-Martonne indeksine göre kış aylarında ve yıllık olarak negatif z değerleri belirlenmiştir. Gözlenmiş yağışlarda trend belirlemek için yapılan araştırmada, Kasım, Aralık ve Ocak aylarında istasyonların çoğunda azalma eğilimleri belirlenmiştir.