bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
《論語》編纂對孔子學說的形成及詮釋的影響
Authors: 李貴生 李貴生
Published: October 2021

過去兩千多年以來，《論語》一直被公認為是研究孔子最原始和最重要的材料。《論語》這種高度的「透明性」很容易令人忽略了它自身的文本性質，「《論語》中的孔子」與「歷史上的孔子」幾乎可以劃上等號。然而隨著近數十年出土文獻的發現，《論語》的中心地位漸漸動搖起來，其文本敘述的性質亦開始受到關注。從詮釋的角度看，今本《論語》多少滲透著編者對孔子的理解，因為編纂的過程不免對孔子學說有所別擇與剪裁，呈現出編者企圖建構的孔子學說。除此之外，《論語》箴言式的引錄形式亦令書中所述孔子話語出現獨特的意義轉化，制約及引導著後世學者對該書的解讀。鑒於這方面的問題尚未得到充分的討論，本文擬通過《論語》與其他傳世及出土文獻中相似記述的比較，從敘事詳略、學術觀念和論述重點等細微異同的分析中，闡明《論語》以輯記編纂的方式所建構的孔學特徵，並且探討這種文體所衍生的各種詮釋效果。

 

Throughout the past two thousand years, the Analects is unanimously regarded as the most original and essential materials for the studies of Confucius. The extreme transparency of the Analects tends to conceal the textual nature of its own, which almost makes the “textual Confucius” in the Analects identical to the “historic Confucius”. However, since the discovery of many unearthed documents in the last few decades, the central status of the Analects has been shaken and its textual and narrative attributes has drawn much more attention. From a hermeneutical point of view, the present Analects inevitably reflects the editors’ understanding of Confucius’ doctrines because they could selectively extract related materials in the compilation process, and thus construct their own Confucian doctrines. Furthermore, the aphoristic style of extraction tacitly altered the meaning of Confucius’ discourses, which restricted and guided scholars of the later generations in interpreting the book. Given that these issues are not yet fully addressed, this article will compare similar narratives arising in the Analects and other present or unearthed documents. Through the analysis of the subtle similarities and differences among them, which includes the length of narratives, its academic ideas and the themes in the discussion, the article will illustrate how the compilation of the Analects shaped the characteristics of Confucian doctrines, and examine the interpretative significances derived from such kind of genre.

 
《春秋》微言在《新列國志》中的移轉表現淺說
Authors: 陳韻 陳韻
Published: October 2021

處於銜接傳統與現代交替關鍵的明朝時期，人文風景展示著種種轉換的影像，或顯或隱，不論內涵與形式，都在巨細之間透露出相互呼應的消息，尤其是最能反映各類情境的通俗文學，不但吞吐即時訊息，而且提供背景資料，以及追蹤指南。因此，本論文擬連結儒家經典與通俗文學二者，探討傳統思維在時空易移下的吸納與演化。茲以精研《春秋》的「三言」（《喻世明言》、《警世通言》、《醒世恒言》）作者馮夢龍為關注主體，從轉變的角度，結合時代特質、學術取向、社會樣貌、文本體式、生命情理等多重層面，觀察其所撰《新列國志》之中，承載《春秋》的狀態，並尋繹其脈絡與意涵。

 

The Ming Dynasty was an era of alternating tradition and modernity. Popular literature was becoming more and more popular, and Feng Meng-long’s Xin Lie Guo Zhi is one of the representatives. This thesis will take Xin Lie Guo Zhi and Confucian classics Chun Que as examples to discuss the acceptance of Confucian thinking in popular literature at that time. The content includes: analysis and comparison of the characteristics of the times, social influence, writing characteristics, and humanistic care of Chun Que and Xin Lie Guo Zhi in angles of historical events, academic development, and literary performance.

 
ANALIZA CONCEPTELOR DE AMENINȚARE LA ADRESA APĂRĂRII ȘI SECURITĂȚII NAȚIONALE
Authors: Manea Sorina Ana
Published: October 2021

Demersul de față examinează comparativ conceptul de amenințare utilizat în domeniul apãrãrii țării și cel al securității naționale prin investigarea instituțiilor și terminologiei legale și politico-administrative, cu scopul de a clarifica conținutul acestora. În acest sens, sunt examinate o serie de surse care beneficiază de universalitate, legitimitate și opozabilitate pentru a susține următoarele argumente: conceptul de amenințare în domeniul apărării țării și cel al securității naționale au sensuri distincte, care determină răspunsuri sociale și instituționale diferite.
Methods to reduce wildlife collisions with rail vehicles
Authors: Milewicz Julia , Mokrzan Daniel , Szymański Grzegorz
Published: October 2021

W artykule przedstawiono problematykę zderzeń dzikich zwierząt z nadjeżdżającymi pociągami. Wyjaśniono przyczyny obecności zwierząt na torowisku i opisano potencjalne zagrożenia dla środowiska, jak i dla bezpieczeństwa ruchu kolejowego. W celu zmniejszenia szansy wypadku z udziałem zwierząt stosuje się różne rozwiązania: infrastrukturalne (utrudniające wstęp zwierząt na tory) i bodźcowe (ostrzegające przed zbliżającym się pociągiem) oraz metody wspomagające, które mogą zwiększyć skuteczność działania innych środków. Analiza wyników badań przeprowadzonych w różnych ekosystemach na całym świecie pozwoliła ocenić efektywność najpopularniejszych sposobów ochrony fauny przed zderzeniem z pojazdem oraz innowacyjnych rozwiązań, uwzględniających psychologię zwierząt. Zastosowanie ich pozwoli na osiągnięcie kompromisu pomiędzy rozwojem sieci transportowych, bezpieczeństwem ruchu i redukcją oddziaływania na środowisko naturalne.
A Novel Approach of Controlling Stoppage of Drip Infusion Using Image Processing on Raspberry PI Platform
Authors: Pranjoto Hartono , Agustine Lanny , Lestariningsih Diana , Werdani Yesiana Dwi Wahyu , Andyardja Widya , Filipe Jose Maria Leao , Atoum Manar Fayiz Mousa , Yaro Abubakar
Published: October 2021

Intravenous drip diffusion is a common practice to treat patients in hospitals. During treatment, nurses must check the condition of the infusion bag frequently before running out of fluid. This research proposes a novel method of checking the infusion bag using an image processing technique on a compact Raspberry PI platform. The infusion monitoring system proposed here is based solely on capturing the image of the infusion bag and the accompanying bag/ tube. When the infusion fluid enters the patient, the surface of the liquid will decrease, and at the end will reach the bottom of the infusion bag. When the image of the fluid surface touches the bottom of the infusion bag, a mechanism will trigger a relay, and then activate a pinch valve to stop the flow of the infusion fluid before it runs out. The entire system incorporates a digital camera and Raspberry as the image processor. The surface of the liquid is determined using the Canny Edge Detection algorithm, and its relative position in the tube is determined using the Hough Line Transform. The raw picture of the infusion bag and the processed image are then sent via a wireless network to become part of a larger system and can be monitored via a simple smartphone equipped with the proper application, thus becoming an Internet of Things (IoT). With this approach, nurses can carry on other tasks in caring for the patients while this system substitutes some work on checking the infusion fluid.
Midwives preparation to provide delivery services in independent midwife practice during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Zulfa Siti Zakiah , Emilia Ova , Hidayat Asri
Published: October 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a tremendous impact on the world of health, including delivery services at the independent midwife practice. Midwives must change its service system and follow maternity service procedures that the central government has set. The purpose of the study was to explore in-depth the preparation of midwives in providing delivery services at independent midwife practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study uses descriptive qualitative research through a phenomenological approach involving seven informants. Data were collected utilizing one-on-one in-depth online interviews using a semi-structured interview guide. Data analysis was done manually using thematic analysis. Data analysis shows that midwives are prepared to provide delivery services at independent midwife practice during the COVID-19 pandemic by modifying infrastructure, providing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), providing information about COVID-19, disseminating delivery service guidelines, and providing support, vaccinations, rapid screening tests for midwives.
Business strategy of laying hens towards new normal era
Authors: Astrini Ni Kadek Mita Sumadi , Putri Budi Rahayu Tanama , Hellyward James
Published: October 2021

This study aims for a deep understanding of the business strategy of layer chicken farms during the new normal era in Bali. The expected output in this study focused on the establishment of strategic recommendations that apply to layer chicken farms within Bali to raise the production as well as overcome the challenges during the new normal era new normal. 134 respondents were involved, which consists of 80 consumers, 48 livestock farmers, and 6 experts. Results of IFE-EFE analysis showed that the value of an internal factor is 3.72 and external factor is 2.73 which determine that the business of layer chicken farm is in quadrant IV in matrix IE and categorized group of growth and build strategy. Seven business strategies could be recommended to the farmers in Bali during this new normal era, namely; 1) applying digital marketing; 2) implementation of laying chickens information system (abbreviated as SIAP in Bahasa Indonesia); 3) socialization and empowerment in utilizing e-commerce; 4) collaborating with livestock platforms; 5) training and mentoring for the public regarding a business opportunity in an egg-based product; 6) forming industry cluster of laying chicken farms; 7) development of livestock cooperative.
La migración de retorno y la inserción integral al contexto escolar y comunitario: propuesta de una política a beneficio de la niñez y adolescencia–familias migrantes en Honduras
Authors: Díaz Quintero Dora Suyapa , Sabillón Zelaya Diana Claudeth
Published: October 2021

El presente artículo aborda la realidad de la niñez y juventud migrante de retorno e integración al aula escolar en el contexto escolar y comunitario en las zonas de alto flujo migratorio en Honduras. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar el fenómeno de la experiencia migratoria en retorno de niños y adolescentes en el contexto hondureño, en los departamentos de Francisco Morazán, Yoro, Olancho y Cortés; los cuales son representativos en alta convergencia poblacional al flujo migratorio de retorno, y a la participación en procesos de inserción al aula escolar en Honduras. La investigación se realizó a partir del enfoque cualitativo, en la cual se utilizaron elementos de tipo etnográfico y revisión de documentos, mediante el uso de la teoría fundamentada a través de las técnicas: entrevistas semiestructuradas y grupos focales a una muestra intencionada de 67 niños y adolescentes; 31 docentes y 65 padres y tutores. Uno de los principales hallazgos consistió en determinar que, el retorno e inserción de niños y adolescentes en Honduras no posee una inserción integral, por tanto, se requiere de una educación reconstructiva, asequible mediante procesos de adecuación curricular y la capacitación a docentes y padres de familia.
Consumer preferences for organic vegetables in southwestern Nigeria: A choice experiment approach
Authors:   Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria, Akinwehinmi Joseph , Amos Taye ,   Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria, Ogundari Kolawole ,   Education Research and Data Center, Olympia WA, USA
Published: October 2021

In sub-Saharan Africa, identifying estimates of consumers’ preferences and willingness to pay (WTP) for safe food continues to receive attention in the literature. Using experimental data from Nigeria, we examined the source of heterogeneities in preference and WTP for organically produced food. The subjective valuation by consumers of certification in relation to third-party certification and the participatory guarantee system (PGS) was also investigated. A sample of 196 households subjected to a discrete choice experiment yielded 1 764 observations that were analysed using the generalised multinomial logit and mixed logit models. The results reveal a strong preference for food safety in terms of reducing chemical residue, which dominated the respondents’ preference and WTP patterns. Concerning certification attributes, consumers were positively disposed to third-party certification, but showed no significant preference for the PGS form of certification. Significant heterogeneities in preference were due mainly to age and awareness of organic products. We suggest that policies should focus on consumers’ understanding of organic food, third-party certification, and organic agriculture
Are the current animal trypanosomiasis management methods in Kenya complementary or substitutes? Evidence from Kwale County
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nairobi, Kenya, Lumumbah Musungu Arnold , Jakinda Otieno David ,   Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nairobi, Kenya, Wambui Muriithi Beatrice ,   International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya, Nyikal Rose ,   Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nairobi, Kenya, Masiga Daniel ,   International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya, Nyanganga Okal Michael ,   International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya
Published: October 2021

African animal trypanosomiasis (AAT) and its vectors, mainly tsetse, are a major constraint to livestock production in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Control efforts have been ongoing for decades, but finding a sustainable solution remains a major concern. This paper assessed the complementarity and substitutability of existing AAT management methods to inform policies toward an integrated approach. A multivariate probit (MVP) analytical technique was used to model interrelationships in the control methods from 308 randomly selected livestock keepers. The results show that the current AAT control methods are complementary and not substitutes. Furthermore, the number of years of formal education, household size, household income and land size had mixed effects on the households’ decisions to adopt multiple AAT control methods. The key institutional factors that influenced the adoption behaviour were access to credit, group membership, access to veterinary services and drugs, and agricultural training. The results instil confidence in integrated AAT management if livestock farmers’ socio-economic and institutional constraints are addressed sufficiently
Vestir para sentir
Authors: Camayo Calambas Gloria Lizeth , Riaños Correa Natalia
Published: October 2021

El diseño llevado a cabo se propone para promover la inclusión de personas que poseen problemas de movilidad a causa de la baja o nula visión, permitiéndole mayor motricidad gruesa para la participación en el tránsito de la ciudad por medio de un dispositivo (sensores de proximidad) que le indican la distancia de los objetos y conjunto a ello se propone a incentivar el uso de su motricidad fina para identificar colores por medios de texturas. El vestuario está dirigido a niños y niñas que padecen baja o nula visión, aquellos se encuentran en un rango de edades entre 5 a 8 años de edad. El usuario se encuentra en un proceso de aprendizaje, este recurre a juegos y terapias para aprender sobre su entorno, debido a la etapa en que se encuentra se insiste en fortalecer sus capacidades de motricidad fina y gruesa para así tener mayor velocidad, equilibrio y fluidez en sus movimientos. La necesidad por la cual recurrirá al producto es con el fin de acceder a una terapia entretenida para así relacionarse con su entorno y desarrollar capacidades que lo harán autónomo para acceder a varias oportunidades de su medio.
Experiencias de empoderamiento femenino en diversas comunidades
Authors: Castellanos Navarrete Alejandra , Lasso Guerrero Julia Isabel
Published: October 2021

El empoderamiento femenino considerado como el camino para lograr que la mujer pueda desempeñar su rol a plenitud en los aspectos sociales, culturales, económicos, políticos y medioambientales de la sociedad, se constituye en el objeto de estudio del artículo. Para tal fin, se analizaron los factores socioculturales que han incidido en el rol de la mujer, el concepto de empoderamiento y las implicaciones de este aspecto en la maternidad adolescente. La investigación acogió el enfoque cualitativo, dado que el propósito fue identificar las características y alcances de los modelos de empoderamiento implementados en diversas comunidades de mujeres desde diferentes autores. Finalmente, se exponen las características de los modelos de empoderamiento femenino, implementados por diferentes estudios con grupos de mujeres, con el propósito de construir una fuente documental que favorezca la construcción de estrategias a favor del empoderamiento de madres a temprana edad en comunidades vulnerables.
Sergio Trujillo y su trabajo tipográfico para la revista de las Indias en los años 1936 y 1937
Authors: Porras Cortes David
Published: October 2021

Conocer la historia del diseño gráfico en Colombia, y más aún en tipografía, conectó el inicio de la investigación con Sergio Trujillo Magnenat, artista multidisciplinario que en la República liberal trabajó con el Ministerio de Educación. En una época donde se pretendía una sociedad colombiana más letrada, cuando se creó la Revista de Las Indias, como una dependencia para coordinar esfuerzos en la difusión de la cultura colombiana (Betancourt, 2016). Además de conocer los contextos cultural y político que permearon su trabajo y cohabitaron con su quehacer en tipografía, con un proyecto de expansión de la cultura colombiana en una sociedad de alfabetización tardía, donde se leía poco (Silva, 2005). Lo que abrió la pregunta: ¿Cuál es la responsabilidad con la que un diseñador joven puede nutrir su trabajo en comunicación visual usando la tipografía? Porque no sólo el fundamento técnico-estético de la forma es importante, sino el fundamento consciente de comunicación que genera en el lector una tipografía que une el lenguaje visual con el verbal en un contexto real (Frascara, 2017), como lo fue el titulado: Caballitos de Ráquira de Germán Arceniegas (Revista de las Indias, 1936) cuenta la historia y abre la invitación a conocer la tienda de juguetes en un pueblo que hoy llaman la ciudad cerámica de Boyacá. Como una conclusión, se tiene que la tipografía cohabita con el ser humano en todos los aspectos de la vida, y se constituye en el primer medio de comunicación con el público, a la vez que es un recurso transversal en los contextos social, cultural y político, como agente comunicador de las ideas.
Narrativas vivenciales a través de la fotografía con la comunidad LGBT en San Juan de Pasto
Authors: Realpe Lara Laura Alejandra
Published: October 2021

En Colombia, la comunidad de Lesbianas, Gays, Bisexuales, Transgénero y Transexuales (LGBT) ha logrado conseguir algunos derechos; pero, aún se evidencia discriminación, desigualdad y violencia, debido a la hegemonía de una visión social, la homofobia, transfobia, machismo, prejuicios morales, creencias conservadoras, tradicionalismos, religiones timoratas que han ocasionado diversas consecuencias a las personas pertenecientes a dicha comunidad, con consecuencias de opresión, ocultamiento o juzgamiento equivocado, por lo que estas personas temen revelar su orientación sexual o su identidad de género. Se trazaron dos objetivos: i) Construir una narrativa visual por medio de la fotografía de retrato, que represente y refleje los sucesos de vida de jóvenes y adultos LGBT, participantes que son amigos, compañeros y personas con alguna relación, con el fin de transmitir sus historias de vida y mensajes; ii) Realizar una exposición fotográfica en San Juan de Pasto, como un espacio de impacto social, para que el espectador conozca las historias de vida, los retratos y comprenda la diversidad en orientación sexual, género, identidad y expresión de género. Como metodología se acogió el enfoque de Investigación Acción Participación (IAP) y el Design Thinking. Las herramientas para la recolección de información fueron la observación participante y grupo focal. La muestra la conformaron 5 personas, con edades entre 18 a 35 años, pertenecientes a la comunidad LGBTQ. Como conclusión se tiene que la exposición fotográfica se emplea como herramienta que genera impacto social, ya que evidencia las consecuencias de una sociedad con prejuicios ante los retratos de los y las participantes.
Formando en investigación-creación para una nueva realidad
Authors: Ballesteros Mejía Melissa
Published: October 2021

En 2014, la novedad del concepto de investigación-creación en los ámbitos académicos abrió la oportunidad de cambiar los procesos de formación en investigación del diseño. Asimismo, el reconocimiento que percibieron los oficios de creación y la economía creativa en Colombia, implicó que las universidades buscaran dinamizar sus estructuras para introducir nuevas temáticas y habilidades en el diseño general de los programas, para articularse con el entorno actual. En esa lógica de cambios, la pandemia que afectó al mundo entero en 2020, trajo consigo nuevas modificaciones en la enseñanza del diseño, planteando retos didácticos y conceptuales, tanto por las nuevas dinámicas entre virtualidad y presencialidad, como por el surgimiento de una nueva realidad que afectaría los espacios laborales y la vida cotidiana de las personas. El proyecto de integración de la Facultad de Creación y Comunicación de la Universidad El Bosque propone así, una mirada innovadora al abordaje de la formación, en este artículo, específicamente sobre las habilidades de investigación, haciendo frente a los retos del contexto desde la comprensión de la interdisciplinariedad en los procesos de generación de nuevo conocimiento, para transformar la enseñanza de la investigación, ofreciendo espacios que logran articular estas habilidades a su realidad profesional.
BELGEDE SAHTECİLİK İLE VUK’DA DÜZENLENEN SAHTE BELGE DÜZENLEME SUÇLARININ ALDATMA KABİLİYETİ YÖNÜNDEN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: YILDIZ Ferhat
Published: October 2021

Belgede sahtecilik suçları ile vergi kaçakçılığı suçlarının arasındaki kavramsal bir benzerlikten öte ilişki bulunmakta mıdır? Özellikle vergi kaçakçılığı suçlarından en çok karşımıza çıkan sahte belge düzenleme suçu, TCK’da yer verilen belgede sahtecilik suçlarının özel bir görünümü müdür? Anılan suç tipleri arasındaki ilişkiye cevap arayan özgün bir çalışma bulunmamakla birlikte Yargıtay CGK son dönemde verdiği bir kararla, bu suç tipleri arasındaki ilişkiyi kapsamlı bir şekilde ele alıp incelemiştir. Bu çalışmada CGK’nın kararı esas alınarak, anılan suç tipleri arasında aldatma kabiliyeti unsuru yönünden bir benzerlik bulunup bulunmadığı konusu incelenmeye çalışılacaktır. Bu anlamda öncelikle TCK’da düzenlenen resmi ve özel belgede sahtecilik suçları ile vergi kaçakçılığı suçunun bir türü olan sahte belge düzenleme ve kullanma suçları hakkında bilgi verilecektir. Ardından TCK’daki belgede sahtecilik suçlarının ortak bir unsuru olarak yer verilen aldatma kabiliyeti kavramı incelenecektir. Son olarak ise Yargıtay CGK’nın konuya ilişkin kararı ele alınıp değerlendirilecektir.
Green Mortar by Partial Introduction of Shredded Waste Plastic
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Amity School of Engineering and Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, India, Agarwal Anant , Ojha Devesh ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Amity School of Engineering and Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, India
Published: October 2021

Plastic products have become an integral part of our daily life as a basic need. It is produced on a massive scale worldwide and its production crosses 150 million tons per year globally. In India, approximately 9 million tons of plastic products are consuming every year (2010) which is expected to rise to 12 million tons by 2012 and estimates say it would double this value in 2025. Its broad range application is mainly in packing films, wrapping materials, fluid containers, clothing, household, and industrial products and building materials. This project deals with an effective method of dumping plastic waste that has accumulated. Using plastics in building mortar and plasters can be employed in an effective manner that is completely environment friendly.
Lateritic Plateaus in the Northern Western Ghats, India; a Review of Bauxite Mining Restoration Practices
Authors: Thorpe C. J. , Watve Aparna
Published: October 2021

The northern Western Ghats are characterised by plateaus and hilltop carapaces formed from ferricretes rich in aluminium ore. Ferricretes in Western Ghats are home to a high number of endemic species, many with extremely limited distribution. The heterogeneity of microhabitats on ferricretes supports a great diversity of plant and animal communities. With little overburden and a high percentage of recoverable metals they are targeted for mining which leads to removal of all soil, vegetation and microhabitats. Vegetation and faunal diversity of unmined sites from Kolhapur district were studied providing reference data used to discuss restoration efforts on two mined sites in the region. Restoration efforts have faced ecological and legal hurdles. The international literature for the restoration of bauxite mines fails to demonstrate any successful model to return the species assemblage to a pre-mining profile.

Restoration practices fail to adequately replicate microhabitat heterogeneity; often restoring sites to a different ecosystem from the original. The present mining policies do not take cognizance of the special nature of plateau habitats, ecology or the ecosystem functions they provide. We suggest a moratorium on mining of the high level lateritic plateaus in Western Maharashtra is justified until the biodiversity value and ecosystem services of the sites are fully understood and can be weighed against the economic gains from mining.
Intelligent System for Body Fat Percentage Prediction
Authors:   Faculty of Artificial Intelligence, Data Science department, Egyptian Russian University (ERU), Cairo, Egypt, Zaher Mahmoud A. ,   Prof. of  Computer Science  Information System- sadat academy for management science, ElGhitany Nashaat K.
Published: October 2021

Excessive fats in human body results in obesity, which is generally linked to various illness like heart diseases, diabetes, etc. Therefore, determining the quantity of body fat becomes essential to save the human health. Though numerous approaches are available in determining body fat percentage (BFP), intelligent and accurate models can be designed using artificial intelligence (AI) techniques. Conventional single stage methods utilized particular readings from the body or explanatory parameters in predicting BFP. In this view, this study develops a new Gravitational Search Optimization with Neutrosophic rule-based Body Fat Percentage Prediction model. The presented model intends to appropriately determine the level of BFP in an effective and automated way. To accomplish this, the proposed model follows a two-stage process namely prediction and parameter optimization. At the initial stage, the model derives a new neutrosophic set based rule classifier to determine the BFP. Secondly, the membership function in the rule based model is optimally chosen by the use of GSO algorithm and thereby results in enhanced predictive outcomes of the classification model. A wide ranging simulation analysis is performed and the results are inspected under several dimensions.
הורות במעבר תרבותי בהגירה
Authors: שיין יוליה
Published: October 2021

במרכזו של הערך עומדים שני מושגים תיאורטיים – הורות ומעבר תרבותי בהגירה. לכל תרבות יש תפיסה משלה לגבי מהו חינוך מיטבי של ילדים. במפגש בין תרבויות שונות בהגירה מתרחשים תהליכי ההסתגלות של המהגרים לנורמות החדשות, והם משפיעים בין השאר על דפוסי ההורות שלהם. מאמר זה מתמקד בקשר שבין הורות למעבר תרבותי של אוכלוסיית המהגרים בחברה הישראלית, המסקנות הנובעות מכך על תפקידם של מורים וההשלכות על הכשרת מורים.
Biotratamiento para reducción de carga orgánica generada en el agua residual de curtiembres
Authors: Chiclote Rodríguez Leoncio Exequiel , Chiclote Díaz Bertha , Mariños Legendre Juan Carlos , Diego Pérez Amílcar Santos , Huamán Jiménez Ana Isabel , Pinglo Bazán Miguel Elías
Published: October 2021

Uno de los problemas recurrentes que limita la competitividad de las empresas dedicadas a la curtición y adobo de pieles es el cumplimiento y adecuación a la normativa ambiental DS-003-2002-PRODUCE por parte de OEFA y el DS-021-2009-VIVIENDA impuesta por SEDALIB; normas que exigen no sobrepasar los límites permisibles de agua residual. Conocido ello, se presenta una alternativa eficiente para reducir la Demanda Bioquímica de Oxígeno (DBO5), Demanda Química de Oxígeno (DQO) y pH presentes en las aguas de remojo a través de uso de microalgas Chlorella pyrenoidosa que muestran eficiencias del 80, 90 y 95 por ciento. La metodología empleada consta de equipos de filtración para el pretratamiento de las aguas de remojo que permiten la retención y separación de cuerpos voluminosos flotantes; un sistema de coagulación y floculación para poder operar de forma óptima en menor tiempo y una fase en suspensión que arrastra consigo el agua residual; en tanto para la parte de biorremediación se utiliza el tratamiento cerrado, el cual consta de un método de agitación magnética y control de temperatura. Con una muestra de 25-35 m3/día de la etapa de remojo, se logró reducir entre un 80-92% los mencionados parámetros, obteniendo una concentración de DBO5 y DQO en torno a los 1040,42 mg/L y 1568 mg/L respectivamente; en tanto la concentración final de nutrientes e inhibidores presentes en el agua residual de remojo llegan a los 18.76 mg/L para el caso de nitrógeno amoniacal, 25.05 mg/L de nitrógeno total, 15.23% de salinidad y 0.87 mg/L de sulfuro; todo ello bajo el sistema de tratamiento validado y sostenible con el medio ambiente a diferencia de las metodologías convencionales que solo descargan los grandes restos de albumina y globulina generando colapso en la red de alcantarillado.
Ciencia, tecnología y sociedad (CTS) y la percepción social de la ciencia y la tecnología
Authors: Duarte Brizuela Rosa
Published: October 2021

Esta revisión tiene como propósito describir el origen y conformación de los estudios de Ciencia, Tecnología y Sociedad (CTS) a nivel general y latinoamericano, en el ámbito universitario. El origen de los estudios de ciencia, tecnología y sociedad (CTS), se remonta a mediados de la década del sesenta en Escocia y Estados Unidos, como una reflexión académica que buscaba la compresión del contexto social de la ciencia y la tecnología de la posguerra mundial y sus impactos socio ambientales. Partiendo de la necesidad de nuevas finalidades para la enseñanza de las ciencias en el siglo XXI, la educación CTS surge con todo su potencial para formar ciudadanos informados, responsables y capaces de tomar decisiones razonadas y democráticas en la sociedad civil. Se hace un breve recorrido desde los orígenes del movimiento CTS, hasta su institucionalización convencional en la Universidad. Existen dos maneras diferentes de enfocar la educación CTS, prestándose también especial atención a la estructura y contenidos de los cursos y proyectos CTS.
The Effectiveness of Study Tour Towards Students’ Speaking Skill
Authors: Afrianti Indah
Published: October 2021

Keterampilan berbicara siswa tidak hanya ditentukan oleh proses belajar mengajar di dalam kelas, tetapi juga dipengaruhi oleh beberapa factor antara lain: fasilitas, tujuan, motivasi, dan lingkungan belajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari seberapa jauh keefektifan dari program studi perjalanan wisata terhadap keterampilan berbicara siswa khususnya kelas II SMKN 2 Selong. Penelitian ini di kategorikan sebagai penelitian quantitative yang menggunakan desain experimental menganalisis data yang diperoleh setelah memberi perlakuan studi perjalanan wisata terhadap kemampuan berbicara siswa. Jumlah populasi penelitian ini ditargetkan untuk seluruh siswa kelas II pariwiwata SMKN 2 Selong tahun pembelajaran2011/2012, yang terdiri dari 100 siswa. Sampelnya adalah siswa kelas II Usaha Jasa Pariwisata (UJP), yang terdiri dari 30 siswa dan yang termasuk dalam siswa yang ikut dan tidak ikut program study perjalanan wisata (grup experimental dan grup kontrol) masing-masing 15 siswa. Pengumpulan data pada penelitian adalah studi perjalanan wisata di Labuhan Haji. Instrument penelitiannya adalah tes lisan. Di dalam menguji hipotesis penelitian ini menggunakan rumus t-test. Berdasarkan hasil teslisan dari 30 siswa kelas II SMKN 2 Selong. Peneliti ini memperoleh data bahwa siswa yang mencapai penguasaan belajar di dalam berbicara, hasil dari t-test lebih tinggi daripada t-table (6.299>2.05) dan di dalam study perjalanan wisata hasil dari t-test lebih tinggi dari t-table (2.496>2.05), itu menunjukkan bahwa, hypothesis alternative itu diterima.
Analisis Penggunaan Gaya Bahasa Sarkasme pada Lirik Lagu Mbojo
Authors: Suryaningsih Lili
Published: October 2021

Analisis gaya bahasa sarkasme mengandung sindiran secara kasar yang menyakiti hati yang ditemui pada lirik lagu. Lagu adalah ungkapan hati atau ekpresi manusia yang dituangkan dalam bentuk kata-kata dan memiliki makna yang ingin disampaikan dengan sebuah nada-nada tertentu. Lirik lagu yang akan dibahas dalam penelitian ini berupa lagu daerah Bima-Dompu atau dikenal dengan Rawa Mbojo yang mengandung gaya bahasa sarkasme. Adapun 3 judul lagu daerah yang menjadi fokus penelitian yakni Sejoli, Pasole, dan Mone Umpe Ampe. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk gaya bahasa sarkasme pada lirik lagu Mbojo dan mendeskripsikan makna gaya bahasa sarkasme pada lirik lagu Mbojo. Data penelitian ini adalah analisis penggunaan gaya bahasa sarkasme pada lirik lagu Mbojo dengan teknik pengumpulan data dokumentasi, teknik simak, dan teknik catat. Kemudian sumber data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan sumber data sekunder. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat penggunaan gaya bahasa sarkasme pada lirik lagu Mbojo.
Pembuatan Batubata dengan Bahan Baku Lumpur Sidoarjo
Authors: Mochni Endang Srihari , Budhyantoro Arief
Published: October 2021

Many attempts to reduce the volume of Sidoarjo mudflow that came out, one of which is the use of Sidoarjo mud for making bricks. The results of research in the chemical laboratory show that the Sidoarjo mud mineral content is mostly silica and alumina minerals, so it is very supportive for use as a material for making bricks. Making bricks requires mixed materials, one of which is paper sludge. Paper sludge waste is discharged from the paper industry, which can pollute the environment if it is discharged directly into the environment. Therefore, a solution is needed by utilizing the potential of the sludge waste. One of them is by using paper sludge as an additive in making bricks, because most of the components of paper sludge waste are calcium carbonate. In building materials, calcium carbonate can function as an additive so that paper sludge waste can be used as an additional material in making bricks. The purpose of this study is to determine the best ratio of Sidoarjo mud with paper sludge to the quality of the bricks, find out the best combustion temperature to the quality of the bricks produced, and compare the quality of the bricks before and after burning. The bricks are synthesized with a variation of the ratio of Sidoarjo mud raw material and paper sludge (1: 0, 1: 1, 2: 1, 3: 1) and variations in combustion temperature (no combustion, 400°C, 450°C, 500°C, 750°C, 900°C). In this study, the best quality of bricks according to SNI is 2: 1 ratio bricks with a combustion temperature of 750 ° C. The ratio of 2: 1 brick with a combustion temperature of 750°C has a percentage of water absorption of 17.17% and compressive strength of 37.78 kg / cm2.
Adjustment of Malpositioned Woven EndoBridge Device Using Gooseneck Snare: Complication Management Technique
Authors: Amuluru Krishna , Al-Mufti Fawaz , Sahlein Daniel H. , Scott John , Denardo Andrew
Published: October 2021

The Woven EndoBridge (WEB) is an intrasaccular flow-disrupting device for the treatment of wide-necked saccular cerebral aneurysms. As with any neuroendovascular device, complications in the form of malpositioning and migration must be managed quickly and safely. Few studies have reported complication management techniques in instances of dislocated or migrated WEB devices. We retrospectively describe a case of a malpositioned WEB device that was successfully adjusted with the use of a gooseneck snare. Multiple other intra-procedural bailout strategies for management of WEB malposition and migration were considered, and are herein discussed. Operators should be aware of the causes of WEB malposition and a variety of bailout strategies.
constructive and metacognitive teaching path at university level on the Principle of Mathematical Induction
Authors: Telloni Agnese Ilaria , Malara Nicolina Antonia
Published: October 2021

We present the main results about a teaching/learning path for engineering university students devoted to the Principle of Mathematical Induction (PMI). The path, of constructive and metacognitive type, is aimed at fostering an aware and meaningful learning of PMI and it is based on providing students with a range of explorations and conjecturing activities, after which the formulation of the statement of the PMI is devolved to the students themselves, organized in working groups. A specific focus is put on the quantification in the statement of PMI to bring students to a deep understanding and a mature view of PMI as a convincing method of proof. The results show the effectiveness of the metacognitive reflections on each phase of the path for what concerns a) students' handling of structural complexity of the PMI, b) students' conceptualization of quantification as a key element for the reification of the proving process by PMI; c) students' perception of the PMI as a convincing method of proof.

Subject Classification: 97B40, 97C70
Fortellinger om håp og håpløshet – Bærekraftsundervisning i antropocen
Authors: Kielland Ingrid Marie
Published: October 2021

Denne artikkelen handler om hvordan lærerstudenter i samfunnsfag bruker fortellinger om håp og håpløshet i relasjon til de pågående og irreversible klimaendringene som kjennetegner antropocen. Artikkelen spør hva som skjer med troen på bærekraft når klimaendringene blir stadig mer uttalte i form av økte gjennomsnittstemperaturer, ekstreme værhendelser og lange tørkeperioder, og hvordan dette påvirker undervisninga om temaet bærekraft. Artikkelen starter med en teoretisk gjennomgang av mulighetene for bærekraft og bærekraftsundervisning i lys av antropocen. Det empiriske grunnlaget er refleksjonsnotater og studentoppgaver skrevet av tredjeårs grunnskolelærerstudenter i samfunnsfag. Med utgangspunkt i et diskurspsykologisk begrepsapparat viser artik­kelen hvordan studentenes meningsproduksjon rundt klimakrise og bærekraft veksler mellom fortellinger om håp og om håpløshet. Avslutningsvis drøftes betydninga av disse fortellingene, og hvordan både lærere og lærerutdannere kan forvalte spennet mellom håp og håpløshet i bærekraftsundervisninga.
An Analysis Method of Carrying Capacity Accuracy of Three-Row Roller Slewing Bearing
Authors: HE Peiyu , WANG Yun , WANG Hua
Published: October 2021

Three-row roller slewing bearings are the core components of large-scale rotating equipment. It has a large structural size and is subjected to heavy loads, which requires extremely high carrying capacity. The effect of finite element mesh size on the carrying capacity accuracy of three-row roller slewing bearing is investigated. A local finite element model is established to analyze the contact area between the roller and the raceway, which is compared with the Hertz contact theory to verify the reasonable mesh size of the finite element model. The local spring finite element model is established, and the effect of the mesh size on the offset and the declination of the upper and lower raceway is investigated; The overall finite element model of the slewing bearing is established to analyze the effect of the mesh size and the nonlinear spring stiffness on the carrying capacity accuracy. The whole circle deformation of the ring and the load distribution is investigated to determine the reasonable mesh size. This article provides a method and idea for the verification of the three-row roller slewing bearing finite element model, which is beneficial to improve the calculation accuracy of the bearing capacity of the three-row roller slewing bearing.
Wer besteht im Wettbewerb der Krankenkassen (nicht)?
Authors: Bock Jens-Oliver , Schepp Thomas
Published: October 2021

Seit langer Zeit sinkt die Anzahl der gesetzlichen Krankenkassen. Die seit 2013 zu veröffentlichenden Angaben aus den Jahresrechnungen der Krankenkassen geben dabei einige Aufschlüsse darüber, welche Merkmale die vom Markt verschwundenen Krankenkassen teilten. Zwar ist das Fusionsgeschehen nur durch individuelle, multikausale Motive umfassend zu erklären. Zugleich herrschen bei Marktaustritten jedoch „asymmetrische“ Fusionen mit identifizierbaren gemeinsamen Merkmalen vor. Die in den betrachteten Zeitraum fallenden Marktaustritte fielen mit einer positiven GKV-weiten Entwicklung zusammen. Kehrt sich dieser GKV-Trend um, dürfte sich die Zahl der aktuell rund 100 Krankenkassen rasch weiter reduzieren.
Polarisierungsprozesse in der „Generation Corona“
Authors: Butterwegge Carolin , Butterwegge Christoph
Published: October 2021

Die Covid-19-Pandemie deckte viele schon länger in der Bundesrepublik bestehende Missstände, soziale Ungleichheiten und politische Versäumnisse auf. Die „Jahrhundertpandemie“, das von ihren ökonomischen Auswirkungen sowie den staatlichen Infektionsschutzmaßnahmen ausgelöste Krisendesaster, aber auch die stark auf Wirtschaftsunternehmen bzw. die sozialversicherungspflichtig Beschäftigten zugeschnittenen Finanzhilfen und Fördermittel des Staates haben die Ungleichheit weiter verschärft. Dass die Pandemie sozial extrem polarisierend gewirkt hat, gilt besonders für Kinder, Jugendliche und Heranwachsende.
Investitionsentscheidungen kommunaler Unternehmen im allgemeinen Interesse
Authors: Kraus Katinka
Published: October 2021

Kommunale Unternehmen stehen bei Investitionsentscheidungen in einem Spannungsverhältnis zwischen Wirtschaftlichkeitsgebot und Gemeinwohlverpflichtung. Dieses Spannungsverhältnis aufgreifend legt der Aufsatz ein Verfahren dar, mit dem Investitionen kommunaler Unternehmen unter Einbeziehung ihrer öffentlichen Aufgaben priorisiert werden können. Zentral ist die methodische Einbeziehung der Gemeinwohlverpflichtung kommunaler Unternehmen. Hierbei werden operationalisierbare Indizes zur Erhebung der Gemeinwohlverpflichtung des öffentlichen Sektors bei Investitionsentscheidungen diskutiert, die weiterhin unternehmerische Flexibilität einräumen und bei begrenzten Finanzierungsspielräumen als Mechanismus zur Priorisierung von Investitionen angewendet werden können.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Performance of Pregnant Women Regarding General Anesthesia Neurotoxicity in Children under Three: A Report from an Academic Hospital
Authors: Biazar Gelareh , Soltanipour Soheil , Mohammadzadeh Jouryabi Ali , Imantalab Vali , Naderi Nabi Bahram , Rafiei Sorouri Zahra , Mirmoazen Zahra , Moafi Madani Masoud
Published: October 2021

Background: Recently, concerns about general anesthesia (GA)-related neurotoxicity has been growing in societies. Parents’ information obviously plays an important role to make right decision for elective surgeries on children aged under three years old. Objectives: The aim of this survey was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and performance of pregnant women about the GA-related neurotoxicity in children aged under three years old. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted at Alzahra Teaching Hospital in Guilan, Iran, during 2020. The eligible pregnant women admitted to this center were interviewed, and a questionnaire containing 10 items was filled out by the responsible resident of anesthesiology. Results: In this research, a total of 361 pregnant women were enrolled and underwent a face-to-face interview. The mean age of the participants was 31.4 ± 7 years, 64.5% were living in urban areas, 82.5% were housewives, and 65.7% were multipara. Moreover, 83.7% of participants believed that receiving information in this regard was crucial, and 81.7% preferred physicians as the source of information. Only 8% of mothers had received information regarding the issue. A significant correlation was observed between the habitat, employment, the level of education, knowledge, and attitude status, and the source of receiving information. Conclusions: According to our results, the knowledge, attitude, and performance of pregnant women were not optimal and needed to be improved through practical strategies.
Use of space, active and resting behaviour in fattening rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) housed in a combi park system: A case study
Authors: Kimm S , Rauterberg SL , Bill J , Stracke J , Kemper N , Fels M
Published: October 2021

In this case study, a housing system for rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) was developed, complying with the new German Welfare Regulation, and evaluated on-farm with regard to the rabbits’ behaviour during four fattening periods. The housing system was characterised by the large group size of fatteners (maximum 65 animals per group, 12 animals per m2) due to the merging of six former single units for does and their litters, post-weaning. A large elevated platform, a box with a roof (small elevated platform), a tube and gnawing materials were made available per unit. The aim being to assess the suitability of the housing system for rabbits with regard to animal welfare, based on behavioural analyses. Therefore, the use of space by the rabbits (n = 247) was investigated by video analysis (instantaneous scan sampling) during daytime. Additionally, the individual behaviour of 20 focal rabbits in different locations was assessed by continuous sampling. Results showed that rabbits preferred to huddle together in the outer units in the first weeks post-weaning. The highest animal densities were found under and in front of the large and on the small platforms. The large platforms were visited increasingly from the 10th fattening day onwards. Elevated platforms supported resting and comfort behaviours. Non-elevated open-top areas enabled upright positions and locomotor behaviours. Aggression and stereotypic behaviours rarely occurred. We conclude that the housing system supported species-specific behaviour and seemed to cater for the needs of rabbits in terms of welfare. Nevertheless, further investigation is needed to ascertain the effects on animal health and performance.
Simulating the Power Output of Large Bifacial Photovoltaic Plants
Authors: Ostojić Nikola , Zeljković Čedomir , Mršić Predrag
Published: October 2021

Bifacial photovoltaic modules have gained increasing attention in the last decade due to their potential to achieve higher annual energy yield in comparison to conventional monofacial modules. Since the higher energy production is also accompanied by higher investment costs, it is necessary to conduct a careful techno-economic analysis in order to provide the investors an answer about their accurate cost efficiency. The achievable energy output of a bifacial photovoltaic power plant is influenced by many factors such as module geometry, row spacing, orientation of the modules and ground albedo. Since the methodology for prediction of the energy yield has not yet been standardized, the main target of this paper was to create one version of a comprehensive standalone energy calculator that would serve as a useful performance assessment tool for designers and investors. The developed software tool was tested on several characteristic scenarios and the obtained results were compared with the results provided by two freely available online calculators.