bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CROSS-PEDAGOGY AS AN EFFECTIVE TOOL FOR FORMING THE GRAPHIC CULTURE OF STUDENTS IN 8–9 GRADES IN TECHNOLOGY CLASS
Authors: HRYTSENKO LARYSA , GORINCHOI RODION
Published: July 2023

In modern world, with the development of information technologies, graphic culture is becoming more and more relevant and important. Many professions, from design to engineering, require workers to understand and create graphics and multimedia materials. In addition, in today’s world, where much attention is paid to visual perception, graphic culture is an important component of modern culture. In this regard, it is important to form the graphic culture of students at the stage of school education. Unfortunately, traditional teaching methods are not always effective in this respect. Therefore, the use of cross-pedagogy can be an excellent tool for forming the graphic culture of students in technology lessons. So, the relevance of this topic is to consider the possibilities of using cross-pedagogy as an effective tool for forming the graphic culture of 8th-9th grade students in technology lessons. The purpose of the article is to reveal the effectiveness of the use of cross-pedagogy when forming the graphic culture of 8th-9th grade students in technology lessons.

This article examines in detail the use of cross-pedagogy technology for the formation of the graphic culture of students in technology lessons for grades 8-9. It is emphasized that cross-pedagogy is an innovative technology that ensures the efficiency and effectiveness of the educational process. The article highlights the main principles of cross-pedagogy and its influence on the formation of graphic culture of students in technology classes. Different methods of using cross-pedagogy in technology classes, such as group work, project activities, interactive methods, etc., are analysed, as well as their advantages and disadvantages. The article provides specific examples of the use of cross-pedagogy for the formation of the graphic culture of students of grades 8-9, which allows the reader to better understand the essence of technology and its possibilities. As a result of the research, it was established that the use of cross-pedagogy in technology lessons is an effective means of forming the graphic culture of students and contributes to their successful learning.

The article also examines various types of cross-pedagogy, including cross-cultural, cross-course, and cross-disciplinary pedagogy. In addition, examples of the use of various tools of cross-pedagogy technology to increase the effectiveness of forming students’ graphic culture in technology lessons will be considered. The article also examines the role of the teacher in the application of cross-pedagogy in technology lessons and indicates the need to train teaching staff to use this technology. In general, the article contains a comprehensive approach to the use of cross-pedagogy for the formation of graphic culture of 8-9 grade students in technology lessons.
BLENDED LEARNING IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: HENSERUK HALYNA , TERESHCHUK HRYHORII , SYSOIEV OLEKSII , VASYLENKO OKSANA
Published: July 2023

The integration of digital technologies with ordinary teaching and learning methods is a feature of higher education. Integration is growing rapidly, primarily due to the quick development of digital technologies and the enhancement of digital skills of both students and teachers. Digital technologies bring about powerful changes in the educational system. Expansion of an access to devices and communication increases students’ digital literacy. The development of learning environment and free online resources change the ways in which students get access to information and obtain new knowledge. Blended learning is an innovative teaching method today. The article substantiates the role of blended learning in the digital transformation of higher education, analyses the implementation of blended learning models in the educational process of a higher education institution. The advantages of using blended learning in the educational process and the key factors of an effective blended learning environment have been determined. The “Flipped Classroom” learning model has been substantiated in detail and effective methods for implementing the flipped classroom methodology have been identified. To implement a blended learning model, a teacher must possess competencies that include the digital competence of a teacher. The poll of teachers regarding their choice of blended learning models has been conducted. A wide range of digital tools, which are used by teachers during classes based on the blended learning method, have been identified. It has been summarized that the use of the mixed learning model contributes to the development of digital competence of teachers and students and the improvement of the quality of the educational process as well.
INFORMATION AND DIGITAL SKILLS OF PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS: ESSENCE, TYPES, AND CONTENT CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: VOLOYMYR CHAIKA VOLODYMYR , SHYSHAK ANDRIANA
Published: July 2023

The relevance of the study is justified by the fact that all levels of education, in particular primary, direct their activities to the display of information and communication between the participants of the educational process through the use of digital means. This is due to the scientific and technical progress, reforms, cognitive and age needs of younger schoolchildren. According to the State Standard of Primary Education, information and communication competence should be formed in pupils of the 1st grade, in the structure of which information and digital skills are singled out. The purpose of the article is to clarify the essence of the concept of «information and digital skills», to characterize the types and content of information and digital skills of primary school pupils. The following methods were used during the research: studying of regulatory documents and psychological and pedagogical literature, analysis, synthesis, generalization and specification.

The article clarifies the essence of the concept of «information and digital skills» as the ability to process digital information, in particular, to communicate online, and to select appropriate ICT tools and algorithms for actions to implement one's own request. The types and content of the information and digital skills of elementary school pupils are characterized by the following aspects: the ability to search for information on the Internet – mastering by younger schoolchildren the ability to quickly and efficiently, using the Global Network, receive answers to their own search queries; the ability to critically evaluate digital data – the ability of a junior high school student to interpret information from Internet sources and realize its correspondence to scientific or social reality; the ability to choose digital tools necessary for the performance of an educational task – the ability of younger schoolchildren to use such computer software and hardware or online tools that make it possible to implement the educational task with the least expenditure of time, effort and resources; the ability to choose and use digital tools for online communication – the ability of younger students to determine which ICT tools will most fully contribute to the realization of the goal of their communicative request, and to use them for learning and in everyday life; the skill of «netiquette» – the ability of younger schoolchildren to behave ethically on the Internet; the ability to create and edit a digital product – the ability of elementary school pupils to produce and make changes to digital files; the ability to behave safely on the Internet – the ability, formed on the basis of knowledge and experience, to perform online activities without harming one's own health, the health of others and financial situation; the ability to independently solve elementary technical problems – the ability of younger schoolchildren to eliminate the simplest inaccuracies in the operation of a computer or smartphone.
Analisis Keamanan Jaringan Wireless menggunakan Metode Penetration Testing Execution Standard (PTES)
Authors: Satria Galang Saputra  , Parga Zen Bita , Abdurahman
Published: July 2023

Keamanan jaringan menjadi aspek yang sangat penting seiring dengan peningkatan jumlah pengguna internet, Dalam aspek kehidupan hampir semua dipengaruhi oleh internet termasuk dalam lingkup pekerjaan. Kantor Balai Desa Kalisapu Kecamatan Slawi Kabupaten Tegal merupakan tempat layanan publik yang berada di Kecamatan Slawi Kabupaten Tegal yang saat ini menggunakan teknologi jaringan Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) sebagai sarana akses internet dan untuk berbagai keperluan baik bersifat administrasi maupun layanan lainnya untuk memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat yang hanya menggunakan satu wireless access point untuk mengakses jaringan internet. Jaringan wireless harus memiliki keamanan yang baik untuk menghindari berbagai ancaman kejahatan, maka dari itu diperlukan analisis kemanan jaringan dengan metode Penetration Testing Execution Standard (PTES) yaitu suatu kerangka kerja atau panduan yang digunakan sebagai acuan melaksanakan penetrasi jaringan. Dari hasil pengujian sebanyak lima kali menggunakan virtual machine sistem operasi kali linux dengan jenis serangan bypassing mac authentication, arp spoofing masing-masing berstatus berhasil sedangkan cracking the encryption berstatus mengalami tiga kegagalan dan dua berhasil. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian tersebut dapat disimpulkan sistem keamanan jaringan wireless cukup aman namun perlu dilakukan beberapa perbaikan pada sistem konfigurasi serta topologi jaringannya untuk memperkuat sistem keamanan serta menimimalisir ancaman kejahatan
Poetics of the Medial State of Emily Dickinson’s Persona
Authors: Wang Yinping
Published: July 2023

Emily Dickinson, the famous 19th-century American poet with a passion for books, botany, and gardens, spent most of her life secluded in her bedroom, where she wrote some 1,800 poems, published only posthumously. Within four walls, the poet built an imaginary bridge between the real and the unreal. One of the most important characteristics relating to the poet is the unwitting creation of an immanent authorial mythology. This article is an analysis-reflection on the poet’s work, her artistic expression, and autofiction. The aim is to highlight the concept of boundary and medial state of the lyrical persona. A linguistic analysis of lexical and semantic syntagms of the poet’s works is carried out. The conceptual images of poetics, conveying the receptive potential of the poet’s worldview, are determined. Consideration of the use of stylistic forms of the poetic narrative was revealed as a priority for media-oriented analysis.
Mapping Abjection: Dissecting Racial and Sexual Boundaries in Mark Gevisser’s Lost and Found in Johannesburg
Authors: Koekemoer Christopher Wayne
Published: July 2023

This article details the deconstruction of social identity in Mark Gevisser’s memoir Lost and Found in Johannesburg. It does so by emphasising how the city’s design reflects racial and sexual segregation through the construction of borders and boundaries that are nonetheless nebulous and artificial. In Gevisser’s memoir, his recollections are interspersed with the narratives of other marginalised individuals and groups. I employ Julia Kristeva’s theory of abjection to understand how systems of exclusion function not only to exclude, but paradoxically, how they allow spaces of inclusion. I argue that the apartheid city can be read as a social body that can be analysed in a similar manner to how the individual subject distinguishes itself from others. The social body therefore creates subjective boundaries between racialised and sexualised others to maintain its sense of autonomy.
Not a Threat, an Opportunity: Regional Approaches and the Future of International Law
Authors: Koagne Zouapet Apollin
Published: July 2023

The discourse of international law has always been careful to denounce anything that could undermine the universality of international law. Consequently, it has developed new ideas and mechanisms that can help to curb any risk of fragmentation. In parallel with this movement, there are increasingly pressing calls for greater consideration of multiculturalism and pluralism in international law. The present reflection focuses on the articulation of these two movements by asking whether regional approaches to international law (RAIL) pose a real threat to the coherence and integrity of international law. The article concludes that RAIL can—under certain conditions—be a source of enrichment and consolidation of international law.
The Obligation to Allow Transgender Learners to Wear the School Uniform Corresponding to their Gender Identity in Accordance with the Right to Education and Non-discrimination in Terms of the South African Constitution and the African Children’s Charter
Authors: Kreuser Charlene , Payne Amy-Leigh
Published: July 2023

The issue of unfair discrimination against transgender and homosexual learners in South Africa is increasingly being publicised. However, the African regional human rights and South African legislative framework allowing transgender learners to wear the school uniform which corresponds with their gender identity has not been adequately considered. Article 11 of the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (African Children’s Charter) guarantees a comprehensive right to education for every child. It further provides every child with the right to non-discrimination in respect of the rights enshrined therein (Article 3). Similarly, the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 (Constitution) also guarantees these rights to children in Sections 29(1)(a) and 9, respectively, with national legislation giving effect thereto. The right to education, read with the right to non-discrimination under the African Children’s Charter requires the state to take legislative and other measures to protect and promote the right to education of all learners, including transgender learners. The goal of prescribed school uniforms is to create a sense of equality among learners in the school environment. However, imposing an enforced dress code based on a learner’s sex and associated gender, exposes transgender learners to the risk of discrimination and marginalisation, which could prevent them from enjoying the full benefits that the right to education provides. The argument presented in this article is that not providing for or allowing transgender learners to wear the school uniform corresponding to their gender identity, infringes on their right to education under the African Children’s Charter and the South African Constitution. It is argued that it does so by unjustifiably discriminating against transgender learners by differentiating between them and cisgender learners. The article considers international best practices related to giving effect to the right to education of transgender learners to the extent that it relates to school uniforms.
Implementation of Article 11(3)(a) of the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child in Zimbabwe: The Case of San Minority Children
Authors: Sithole Linet , Dziva Cowen
Published: July 2023

Article 11(3)(a) of the African Children’s Charter enjoins state parties to facilitate access to free and compulsory basic education for all children. In this article, we assess the significance of Article 11(3)(a) and critically interrogate its implementation in Zimbabwe with a special focus on the legal, policy and institutional reforms. Zimbabwe is guided by Article 11(3)(a) of the Charter, made some commendable progress in ensuring that children access basic education. Be that as it may, a lot still needs to be done for minority San children as they still struggle to enjoy their right to education. The struggle to enjoy this right comes from various factors including resource constraints, a limited will to implement frameworks, poverty, lack of infrastructure, low knowledge and harmful practices which limit minority and indigenous children’s educational attainment and retention. This article thus recommends the strengthening of legal, policy and institutional frameworks, and increased funding and investment in infrastructure for minority communities.
The African Children’s Charter’s Position on the Socio-economic Rights of Children with Mental Disability
Authors: Ajemba-Udegbunam Linda
Published: July 2023

This article discusses the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (African Children’s Charter) with the aim to determine its sufficiency in protecting the socio-economic rights of children with mental disabilities in Africa. It has been over thirty-one years since the African Union (AU) adopted the African Children’s Charter. As such, it is imperative to assess some of its contributions so far in protecting the rights of children with mental disabilities in the continent. Additionally, it is of essence to identify and analyse key issues that may have arisen in the implementation of the socio-economic rights of these children. This article also identifies emerging concerns or opportunities for future consideration in relation to the socio-economic rights of children with mental disability. Furthermore, the article makes several recommendations on the duties of relevant stakeholders. The recommendations in this article do not lay emphasis on creating new duties; however, they aim to strengthen existing state party duties under the African Children’s Charter.
Regional Collaboration for Aircraft Accident Investigation as Impetus for Aviation Safety in Africa
Authors: Adediran Adejoke
Published: July 2023

Aircraft accident investigation is a feedback mechanism which enhances aviation safety by identifying inadequacies and also taking steps to prevent future accidents. Investigation in this regard is to be carried out by International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) states through national accident investigation authorities and should there be a lack of human or economic resources, regional accident investigation organisations can be formed by states to benefit from a balance on economies of scale. This article examines regional collaboration for aircraft accident investigation in Africa. It finds that the performance of African States in the area of aircraft accident investigation is below average and also notes that a major cause of this inadequacy is a lack of both human and economic resources. It thereby posits that regional collaborations on aircraft accident investigation among African states will advance aviation safety in Africa, and it is thus necessary for African states to collaborate on this. While acknowledging the contributions of the Banjul Accord Group Accident Investigation Agency, a case is made for the establishment of regional aircraft accident investigation organisations in Africa on a wider scale through the existing regional economic communities recognised by the African Union.
Influence of the rates of a herbicide Germes on the productivity of a sunflower variety Aladdin
Authors:   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Detsyna A.A. , Illarionova I.V. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Khatnyansky V.I. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops
Published: July 2023

The application of herbicides of ALS-inhibiting type based on imazapir and imazamox allowed getting rid the weeds, including hard-to-remove ones, and controlling spreading of the new more virulent races of broomrape O. cumana. Thus, herbicide resistant varieties will be more high-yielding. In 2021–2022, action of increased rates of an after-seedling herbicide Germes, OD (by Schyolkovo Agrochim) – 1.0, 1.3, and 1.5 l/ha on the productivity of a new sunflower variety Aladdin being resistant to herbicides of imidazolinone group was studied in the V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops. The treatment of sunflower plants of the Aladdin variety with the different doses of the herbicide Germes, OD did not cause any significant differences in morphological traits, a duration of a vegetative period, seed yield, and oil content. There was no negative impact of the increased doses of the herbicide on the sunflower plants growth and development.
Comparison of bone marrow aspiration and biopsy as diagnostic tool in pediatric age group
Authors: Das Rhituparna , Mandal Ankita Pranab , Ghosh Moupali , Sengupta Moumita
Published: July 2023

Objectives:

Bone marrow examination is the final endpoint to the diagnosis of many haematological and nonhaematological disorders when all other clinical diagnostic tools have been done with. It consists of two tests each of which has their own role in making a final diagnosis. First bone marrow aspiration and second bone marrow biopsy. They complement each other and together provides a complete picture of the bone marrow. The study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy and to observe the degree of correlation (kappa value) between the two procedures.

Material and Methods:

This retrospective study was conducted in the department of pathology of our institution from July 2021 to August 2022. In 149 cases, both BMA and BMB was performed simultaneously and was included in the study. BMA slides was stained with Leishman Giemsa stain and BMB underwent tissue decalcification and tissue processing followed by staining with haematoxylin and eosin stain. Other special stains such as PAS, Reticulin and Perl’s, ZielNeelson (ZN) stain were also done on all relevant cases. Data were analyzed using Graphpad Instat 3 and Prism 5.

Results:

The mean age was 8.23±4.37. Of these, the Male: Female ratio was 1.8:1. The most commonly correlated diagnosis in the lower age group were for iron deficiency anemia (100%), Childhood Acute Leukemia (87.2%) and in higher age groups, the most correlated diagnosis were for Chronic myeloid Leukaemia (100%) and Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (72.72%). Kappa value in our study revealed that there was substantial agreement (0.6295) between the two procedures. the diagnostic efficacy of BMA is 77.18% and for BMB is 90.6%.

Conclusion:

Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy have upperhand over each other in their respective area. Both shows substantial agreement and hence these should be performed together and not in isolation to give a complete diagnosis.
ASSOCIATION OF HPV16 VIRAL LOAD IN GENE L2 WITH CANCER STAGES AND DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS IN CERVICAL CANCER PATIENTS FROM DHI-QAR PROVINCE, IRAQ
Authors:   Yanka Kupala Grodno State University, Grodno, Belarus, Jalil A. T.
Published: July 2023

Background. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, especially high-risk HPV16, is a risk factor for cervical cancer. HPV16 genotype demographic variations may affect carcinogenicity. HPV16 mutations and HPV16 DNA concentration were examined in cervical cancer development in Dhi-Qar province, Iraq. Aim of the study. The study endeavors to elucidate the demographic profile and the correlation between highrisk human papillomavirus type 16 and the susceptibility to cervical cancer in Dhi-Qar Province, Iraq, alongside comprehending the genetics of the minor capsid protein L2. The findings of the research could potentially aid in the timely detection of cervical cancer and enhance the efficacy of measures aimed at preventing and managing cervical cancer. Material and Methods. 93 cervical cancer patients and 60 healthy controls participated in a 2017-2020 casecontrol research. L2 gene amplification detected HPV. HPV16 DNA concentration and demographic variations were assessed in cervical cancer patients. Results. HPV16 infected 65% of cervical cancer patients, with a substantially greater viral load (1043.25±8.50 IU/ml) than healthy persons (91.25±2.90). Cervical cancer was more common in women aged 43-52 (37%) and 32-42 (30%). HPV16 infections peaked in 2019 (78%) and 2020 (69%), with older women having less infections. HPV16 infections were greatest in cervical cancer stages IV (70%), III (68%), II (60%), and 0 (60%). Conclusion. HPV16 infections are rising among young women in Dhi-Qar province, Iraq, and HPV16 DNA concentration is associated with cervical cancer. The data suggest demographic differences in HPV16 genotype development of cervical cancer.
TUREVSKY ABRAM ARKADIEVICH (ON THE OCCASION OF THE 100TH BIRTHDAY)
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Zimatkin S. M.
Published: July 2023

Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor A. A. Turevsky was the founder of the modern Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology of Grodno State Medical University and was in charge of it for 30 years. A.A. Turevsky was an outstanding teacher, a brilliant lecturer and organizer of the educational process at the department, the founder of the Grodno Histological School. He trained 3 doctors and 10 candidates of sciences, for 22 years he was the scientific supervisor of the student’s scientific society. His name will forever remain in the memory of his students and history of Grodno State Medical University.
POTTERY ASSEMBLAGES OF YAZ III TYPE FROM FOOTHILLS OF SOUTHWESTERN HISSAR
Authors: Мокробородов В. В.
Published: July 2023

Предлагаемая статья посвящена двум керамическим комплексам из поселений эпохи раннего железа, расположенных в предгорьях юго-западного Гиссара (Бандыхан, Сурхандарьинская область Узбекистана), впервые в таком объеме вводимых в научный оборот. На основании анализа этих комплексов (археологически стерильных и типологически крайне близких, но не идентичных), автор статьи предпринимает попытку выявления и систематизации важных различий внутри среднеазиатских комплексов с керамикой типа Яз III (середина I тысячелетия до н. э.). На базе выделенных в анализируемых наборах керамики морфологических и технологических несоответствий, предлагается хронологическое расчленение комплексов «ахеменидского» периода (комплексы происходят с близко расположенных памятников, что исключает локальную вариабельность материалов). В отношении датировок автор считает, что комплекс Газимуллатепа (и соответствующие ему по основным параметрам комплексы близлежащих памятников) был характерен для времени вхождения Средней Азии в состав Ахеменидской державы и начального этапа господства над регионом правителей данной династии. Для комплекса Киндыктепа (Бандыхан II) и идентичных ему по характеристикам материалам предлагается датировка в пределах второй половины 5–4 вв. до н. э.

The article is the first publication of two sets of pottery from settlements of the Early Iron Age located in the foothills of southwestern Hissar (Bandykhan, Surkhandarya Province of Uzbekistan). The author tries to identify and classify significant differences within the archaeological assemblages containing Yaz III pottery (middle of the first millennium B. C.). Judging from morphological and technological differences, the chronology of the complexes of the Achaemenid period is suggested (the examined assemblages come from the sites located in the same area, which excludes any local variability). The complex of Gazimullatepe is believed to be typical of the time when Central Asia became part of the Achaemenid Empire. The Kindyktepa complex (Bandykhan II) and similar materials can be dated to the second half of the fifth–fourth centuries B. C.
THE INFLUENCE OF AUDITOR PROFESSIONALISM, COMPETENCE AND INDEPENDENCE ON AUDIT QUALITY OF SINTANG REGIONAL INSPECTORATE
Authors: Yulianti Rani
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Professionalism, Competence, and Independence on Audit Quality at the Sintang Inspectorate office in West Kalimantan. This research uses primary data. The population in this study were all auditors working in the Sintang Inspectorate Office in West Kalimantan. The method used in sample selection is purposive sampling. Data collection techniques were carried out using a questionnaire with a total sample of 35 respondents. The analytical method used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis with the help of SPSS 24. The results of this study indicate that: (1) Professionalism has no significant effect on Audit Quality (2) Competence has no significant effect on Audit Quality (3) Independence no significant effect on Audit Quality.
PELATIHAN MENJADI TALENTA DIGITAL DENGAN COPYWRITING
Authors: Maulana Reza , Nurmalasari Nurmalasari , Maulana Muhammad Sony , Winnarto Monikka Nur , Iqbal Muhammad , Lailiah Badariatul
Published: July 2023

Pengabdian kepada masyarakat dijalankan untuk memberikan kontribusi nyata bagi bangsa Indonesia, khususnya dalam mengembangkan kesejahteraan dan kemajuan bangsa salah satunya melalui bisnis. Copywriting identik dengan kemampuan mengolah kata sehingga menciptakan unsur seni di dalamnya yang dapat menimbulkan efek persuasif. Copywriting sangat erat kaitannya dengan kegiatan promosi sebagai bagian dari branding. Memahami teknik copywriting merupakan salah satu kunci sukses penjualan. Tanpa teknik copywriting, kemungkinan besar post di media sosial kurang mendapatkan respon dari pelanggan. Permasalahan yang dihadapi anak Panti Asuhan Ahmad Yani yaitu belum mengetahui terkait copywriting. Diharapkan dengan pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat ini dapat memberikan ilmu untuk anak Panti Asuhan Ahmad Yani dalam meningkatkan kemandirian dan kreatifitasnya dalam membangun suatu usaha nantinya serta menjadi talenta digital kelak. Hasil yang didapat dari kegiatan ini yaitu peserta mampu mengikuti dan dapat memahami pentingnya menjadi talenta digital dengan copywriting sebagai sarana penerapan ilmu dan dapat meningkatkan kreatifitas.
MODERASI KOMITE AUDIT PADA DETERMINAN KECURANGAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN
Authors: Asni Nur , Heniwati Elok
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi kecurangan laporan keuangan dengan menggunakan analisis kecurangan pentagon dan melalui moderasi komite audit. Fraud pentagon merupakan konsep yang menjelaskan faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan seseorang melakukan penipuan, yaitu tekanan, kesempatan, rasionalisasi, kemampuan, dan kesombongan. Dalam penelitian ini faktor tekanan diproksikan dengan menggunakan target keuangan (ROA). Faktor peluang diproksi dengan menggunakan pemantauan yang efektif (PLG). Faktor rasionalisasi diproksi dengan menggunakan pergantian auditor (RAS). Faktor kapabilitas diproksi dengan menggunakan pergantian direksi (ABI). Terakhir, faktor arogansi diproksikan dengan menggunakan banyaknya foto CEO (ARO). Penelitian ini menggunakan model F-Score untuk melihat potensi kecurangan laporan keuangan (KLK) dan jumlah komite audit (KAU) sebagai variabel moderasi. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 26 perusahaan sektor energi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2017-2021 yang memenuhi kriteria tertentu. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis jalur dan pengujian hipotesis menggunakan uji t. Hasil riset ini menyatakan bahwa peluang dan rasionalisasi berpengaruh terhadap kecurangan laporan keuangan. Tekanan, kemampuan, dan arogansi tidak berpengaruh terhadap kecurangan laporan keuangan. Komite audit mampu memoderasi pengaruh peluang terhadap kecurangan laporan keuangan. Pengaruh tekanan, rasionalisasi, kemampuan dan arogansi tidak dapat dimoderasi dengan komite audit terhadap kecurangan laporankeuangan.
MOTIVASI MELAKUKAN FRAUD DAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHINYA
Authors: Rusliyawati Rusliyawati
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memotivasi seseorang untuk melakukan tindak kecurangan (fraud). Faktor-faktor tersebut meliputi pengendalian internal, kesesuaian kompensasi, komitmen organisasi dan asimetri informasi. Data penelitian diperoleh dari hasil pengumpulan kuesioner sebanyak 42 responden yang merupakan staf keuangan dinas Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Kalimantan Barat. Pengujian hipotesis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan model regresi berganda (multiregression) dengan software SPSS. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pengaruh negatif diantara pengendalian internal, kesesuaian kompensasi, komitmen organisasi dengan motivasi melakukan fraud di sektor pemerintahan sedangkan asimetri informasi berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap motivasi melakukan fraud.
MEMPERCEPAT PEMULIHAN EKONOMI, MENJAGA STABILITAS NILAI TUKAR
Authors: Azwani Arina , Suradi Romi
Published: July 2023

VAR models for non-stationary time series with one or more cointegration relationships have been developed using the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The unique way of behaving in the VECM should be seen through the reactions of each dependent variable to shocks to these and other environmental factors. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between Indonesia's economic expansion and exchange rate stability. With a free-floating regime from 1980 to 2022, Indonesia's exchange rate fluctuated, affecting economic stability. Exchange rates are correlated with economic expansion in both the short and long term, according to this study. Long-term economic growth can be driven by exchange rate appreciation, but there is no causal relationship because economic growth factors go beyond exchange rate considerations
Rapid and Scalable Photocatalytic C(sp2)–C(sp3) Suzuki−Miyaura Cross-Coupling of Aryl Bromides with Alkyl Boranes
Authors: Wan Ting , Capaldo Luca , Djossou Jonas , Staffa Angela , de Zwart Felix , de Bruin Bas , Noel Timothy
Published: July 2023

In recent years, there has been a growing demand for drug design approaches that incorporate a higher number of sp3-hybridized carbons, necessitating the development of innovative cross-coupling strategies to reliably introduce aliphatic fragments. Here, we present a novel and powerful approach for the light-mediated B-alkyl Suzuki−Miyaura cross-coupling between alkyl boranes and aryl bromides. Alkyl boranes can be easily generated via hydroboration from readily available alkenes, exhibiting excellent regioselectivity and enabling the selective transfer of a diverse range of primary alkyl fragments onto the arene ring. This methodology eliminates the need for expensive catalytic systems and sensitive organometallic compounds, operating efficiently at room temperature within just 30 minutes. Interestingly, our mechanistic studies reveal an unexpected mechanistic scenario that operates through transmetalation rather than alkyl radical formation, setting it apart from established metallaphotoredox protocols. Moreover, we demonstrate the advantageous translation of the present protocol to continuous-flow conditions, enhancing scalability, safety, and overall efficiency of the method. This versatile approach offers significant potential for accelerating drug discovery efforts by enabling the introduction of complex aliphatic fragments in a straightforward and reliable manner.
Stereoselective Alder-ene Reactions of Bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes: Facile Synthesis of Cyclopropyl- and Aryl-substituted Cyclobutenes
Authors: Dasgupta Ayan , Bhattacharjee Subrata , Tong Zixuan , Guin Avishek , McNamee Ryan , Christensen Kirsten , Biju Akkattu , Anderson Edward
Published: July 2023

Bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes (BCBs), strained carbocycles comprising two fused cyclopropane rings, have become well-established building blocks in organic synthesis, medicinal chemistry and chemical biology due to their diverse reactivity profile with radicals, nucleophiles, cations and carbenes. The constraints of the bicyclic ring system confers high p-character on the interbridgehead C–C bond, leading to this broad reaction profile; however the use of BCBs in pericyclic processes has to date been largely overlooked in favor of such stepwise, non-concerted additions. Here we describe the use of BCBs as substrates for ene-like reactions with strained alkenes and alkynes, which give rise to cyclobutenes decorated with highly-substituted cyclopropanes and arenes. The former products are obtained from highly stereoselective reactions with cyclopropenes, generated in situ from vinyl diazoacetates under blue light irradiation (440 nm). Cyclo-butenes featuring a quaternary aryl-bearing carbon atom are prepared from equivalent reactions with arynes, which proceed in high yields under mild conditions. Mechanistic studies highlight the importance of electronic effects in this chemistry, while computational investiga-tions support a concerted pathway, and rationalize the excellent stereoselectivity of reactions with cyclopropenes.
S-Trideuteromethylation of Sulfenamides: Redox-Neutral Synthesis of Trideuteromethyl Sulfilimines
Authors: Huang Guoling , Lu Xunbo
Published: July 2023

This study presents an innovative approach to the synthesis of trideuteriosulfilimines, a class of sulfur(IV)-derived compounds with significant potential in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry. Our research focused on the modification of sulfenamides and the introduction of a deuterated methyl group, employing an electrophilic trideuteromethylating reagent in an anionic reaction. The method demonstrated broad applicability across various sulfenamides derived from different amides, alkyl amides, and aryl amides, as well as thiol-derived sulfenamides. The reactions generally resulted in excellent yields and high deuteration rates. The study also explored the reaction mechanism, confirming that the process does not proceed via a free radical pathway. This research contributes to the development of efficient and reliable methods for the synthesis of sulfilimines, which are valuable building blocks in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry.
Multivariate Metal-Organic Frameworks based pH-responsive dual-drug delivery system for chemotherapy and chemodynamic therapy
Authors: Akbar Muhammad Usman , Akbar Arslan , Saddozai Umair Ali Khan , Khan Malik Ihsan Ullah , Zaheer Muhammad , Badar Muhammad
Published: July 2023

Combination therapy has emerged as a promising strategy due to its synergistic therapeutic pathways that enhance anticancer efficacy and limits the emergence of drug resistance. In this work, MIL-88B type multivariate (MTV-1) nanocarriers based on mixed linker (1, 4-benzenedicarboxylic acid and biphenyl-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid ) and metals (iron and cobalt) were synthesized. Presence of the distinct linkers modified the pore makeup of MTV-1 and facilitated the co-encapsulation of two anticancer drugs of varying molecular sizes; 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and Curcumin (CUR). The drug loading measurements on MTV-1@5-FU+CUR represented a loading capacity of 15.9wt% for 5-FU and 9.3wt% for CUR, respectively. They further exhibited a pH-responsive drug release pattern with higher concentrations of 5-FU and CUR released at pH 5.5 (simulating cancer microenvironment) compared to pH 7.4 (physiological environment). Moreover, we also demonstrated that MTV-1 MOFs, due to the presence of mixed valence metal ions, could perform peroxidase-like activity and catalyzes H2O2 decomposition to produce •OH radicals for chemodynamic therapy. Cell cytotoxicity assays exhibited significant inhibitory effects of MTV-1@5-Fu+CUR against HepG2 cells with an IC50 of 78.7 g/mL. Together with dual-drug loading, pH-responsive release, and chemodynamic therapy, MTV-1 show excellent potential for multifunctional anticancer treatment.
Unprecedented Sesterterpenoids Orientanoids A‒C: Discovery, Bioinspired Total Synthesis and Antitumor Immunity
Authors: Zheng Cheng-Yu , Zhao Jin-Xin , Yuan Chang-Hao , Peng Xia , Geng Meiyu , Ai Jing , Fan Yao-Yue , Yue Jian-Min
Published: July 2023

Sesterterpenoids are a very rare class of important natural products. Three new skeletal spiro sesterterpenoids, named orientanoids A–C (1–3), were isolated from Hedyosmum orientale. Their structures were determined by a combination of spectroscopic data, X-ray crystallography, and total synthesis. To obtain adequate materials for biological research, the bioinspired total syntheses of 1–3 were effectively achieved in 7–8 steps in the overall yields of 2.3–6.4% from the commercially available santonin without using any protecting groups and transition-metal catalysts, which mimicked their biosynthetic proposal chemically. In addition, this work also revised hedyosumins B (7) and C (8) as 11R-configuration. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have emerged as important therapeutic targets in cancer therapy. The in-depth biological evaluation revealed that these sesterterpenoids antagonized the protumoral and immunosuppressive functional phenotype of macrophages in vitro. Among them, the most potent and major compound 1 inhibited protumoral M2-like macrophages and activated cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, and consequently contained tumor growth in vivo.
KINETICS OF THE PROCESS OF HYDROLYTIC OXIDATION OF CELLOBIOSE TO GLUCARIC ACID
Authors: Манаенков О.В. , Кислица О.В. , Косивцов Ю.Ю.
Published: July 2023

В работе приводятся результаты кинетического исследования процесса гидролитического окисления целлобиозы до глюкаровой кислоты в присутствии гетерогенного Pt-содержащего катализатора на основе сверхсшитого полистирола – 3 % Pt/СПС MN270. При оптимальных условиях реакции (температуре 145 °С, давлении О2 5 бар, времени реакции 2 ч и массовом соотношении субстрат/катализатор 4/1) выход глюкаровой кислоты 63,4 %. На основании полученных экспериментальных данных была предложена математическая модель процесса, являющаяся формальным описанием кинетики гидролитического окисления целлобиозы, а также произведена оценка её параметров.

The paper presents the results of a kinetic study of the process of hydrolytic oxidation of cellobiose to glucaric acid in the presence of a heterogeneous Ptcontaining catalyst based on hypercrosslinked polystyrene – 3 % Pt/HPS MN270. Under optimal reaction conditions (temperature 145 °C, O2 pressure 5 bar, reaction time 2 h, and substrate/catalyst weight ratio 4/1), the yield of glucaric acid is 63.4%. Based on the experimental data obtained, a mathematical model of the process was proposed, which is a formal description of the kinetics of the hydrolytic oxidation of cellobiose, and its parameters were estimated.
DEPOLYMERIZATION AND REUSE OF POLY(N-VINYLCAPROLACTAM) IN RAFT/MADIX POLYMERIZATION
Authors: Ворожейкина А.В. , Барабанова А.И. , Благодатских И.В. , Перегудов А.С.
Published: July 2023

Поли-N-винилкапролактам (ПВКЛ), синтезированный полимеризацией с обратимой передачей цепи по механизму присоединения–фрагментации с применением ксантатов для макромолекулярного дизайна, подвергается деполимеризации при нагревании в присутствии низкомолекулярного агента передачи цепи - [1-(О-этилксантил)этил]бензола. Показано, что после деполимеризации активность 1-(O-этилксантил)этильных групп сохраняется и полимеризация N-винилимидазола в присутствии продукта деполимеризации ПВКЛ приводит к получению диблок-сополимера.

Poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PVCL), synthesized by reversible additionfragmentation chain transfer/macromolecular design via the inter-change of xanthate (RAFT/MADIX), depolymerizes when heated in DMF in the presence of 1-((O-ethylxanthyl)ethyl) benzene (EXEB) as a chain transfer agent. It was shown that after depolymerization, the activity of the end-groups persists and the polymerization of N-vinylimidazole in the presence of the depolymerization product of PVCL leads to the production of a diblock copolymer.
EFFECT OF PROCESS CONDITIONS ON ANTHRACENE HYDROCRACKING IN A SUPERCRITICAL SOLVENT
Authors: Александрова Д.И. , Степачёва А.А.
Published: July 2023

Конверсия тяжелых углеводородов, в частности полиароматических, является одной из основных задач в нефтяной, угольной и биотопливной промышленности. Полиароматические углеводороды являются перспективным сырьем для получения веществ группы БТК (бензолтолуол-ксилол). Конверсия полиароматических соединений может осуществляться путем гидрирования или гидрокрекинга. Оба этих процесса характеризуются высоким расходом водорода. Для снижения или минимизации потребления водорода при гидроконверсии перспективно использование сверхкритических растворителей, которые способны быть донорами водорода. В данной работе проведено исследование процесса каталитического гидрокрекинга антрацена, а также подбор оптимальных условий, с целью получения о-ксилола с высоким выходом.

The conversion of heavy hydrocarbons, in particular polyaromatic hydrocarbons, is one of the main tasks in the oil, coal and biofuel industries. Polyaromatic hydrocarbons are promising raw materials for the production of BTX group (benzene-toluene-xylene) compounds. The conversion of polyaromatic compounds can be carried out by hydrogenation or hydrocracking. Both of these processes are characterized by high hydrogen consumption. Supercritical fluids being the hydrogen donors can be successfully used to reduce or minimize hydrogen consumption during hydroconversion. In this paper, the study of the process of catalytic hydrocracking of anthracene, as well as the choice of optimal conditions, in order to obtain o-xylene with a high yield were carried out.
AN IMPACT OF THE ALKYL SIDE CHAINS ON CHARGE TRANSFER PROPERTIES WITHIN THE STACKS OF D-π-A-π-D MOLECULES
Authors: Савченко В.А. , Гуськова О.А.
Published: July 2023

В статье описываются результаты расчетов методом функционала плотности параметров, определяющих скорость переноса заряда в стопках, состоящих из молекул «донор (D)-π-мостик-акцептор (A)-πмостик-донор (D)». Параметрами расчета по теории Маркуса выступают энергия реорганизации, которая является свойством индивидуальных молекул, а также интеграл переноса заряда, рассчитываемый для молекулярных димеров. Еще одним важным структурным свойством молекул выступает боковой заместитель акцепторного блока – короткие алкильные цепочки линейного или разветвленного типа. Они могут влиять и на значения энергии реорганизации, и на морфологию пленки, то есть, на то, как организованы стопки молекул, от которого, в свою очередь, зависит и интеграл переноса заряда. Наконец, по формуле Эйнштейна-Смолуховского рассчитывается подвижность электронов и дырок для транспорта вдоль направления стэкинга. Эти значения сравниваются с экспериментальными данными, найденными в литературе, для полимеров с аналогичным мономерным звеном и отличающихся от рассчитанных молекул только длиной заместителя акцепторного блока.

In this paper, we describe the results of DFT calculations of some parameters defining charge transfer rate in the molecular stacks consisting of the donor (D)-π-bridge-acceptor (A)- π-bridge-donor (D) entities. Within Marcus’ theory for electron transfer, the following parameters need to be calculated: the reorganization energy, being the property of the individual, isolated molecules, and the charge transfer integral for the molecular stacked dimers. Another important structural property is the side substituent of the acceptor block – short alkyl linear or branched chains. They may affect both the reorganization energy and the thin film morphology, i.e. the molecular organization, which influences the value of the transfer integrals. Finally, using the Einstein-Smoluchowski equation for the diffusion of charged particles we define the mobility of electrons and holes for hopping through the molecular stack. The obtained values are compared with the published ones for polymers with analogous repeating units differing however in the length of the acceptor block’s side chains.