bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Blended Learning Menggunakan Quipper School Terhadap Hasil Belajar Biologi (Studi Eksperimen Di Kelas XI MIPA SMA Negeri 8 Tasikmalaya Pada Materi Sistem Ekskresi)
Authors: Nur Fauziah  , Mustofa Romy Faisal , ALi Mufti
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh blended learning menggunakan quipper school terhadap hasil belajar biologi pada materi sistem ekskresi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2021 sampai bulan Agustus 2022. Metode penelitian yang digunakan  quasi experiment dengan menggunakan desain penelitian the nonequivalent control grup design. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah seluruh kelas XI MIPA SMA Negeri 8 Tasikmalaya sebanyak 6 kelas yang terdiri dari 181 peserta didik dan sampel yang digunakan 2 kelas diambil dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling yaitu kelas XI MIPA 5 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas XI MIPA 3 sebagai kelas kontrol. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan memberikan soal pilhan majemuk untuk memperoleh data hasil belajar peserta didik pada materi Sistem Ekskresi Manusia. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji t independen. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, hasil pengolahan data, dan pengujian hipotesis dapat disimpulkan bahwa blended learning menggunakan quipper school pada materi sistem ekskresi di kelas XI MIPA SMA Negeri 8 Tasikmalaya memberikan pengaruh terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik yang signifikan terutama terhadap aspek C1 (Mengingat). Perolehan skor rata-rata pretest pada kelas eksperimen sebesar 14,31 dan posttest sebesar 23,55 sedangkan perolehan skor rata-rata pretest pada kelas kontrol sebesar 13,93 dan posttest sebesar 21,30
Budapesten megvalósult mély munkatérhatárolások mozgásmérési eredményeinek értékelése
Authors: Szepesházi Attila , Móczár Balázs
Published: December 2022

Mély munkatérhatárolások témakörével foglalkozó doktori kutatási projektünk keretében Budapesten megvalósult munkagödrök mozgásmérési eredményeit rendszereztük és elemeztük. Vizsgálatunk eredményeit jelen publikációban ismertetjük. Bevezetésként összefoglaljuk a munkatárhatárolások deformációinak számítási lehetőségeit és összegezzük a nemzetközi szakirodalmak releváns, mozgásmérési tapasztalatait, ajánlásait. Bemutatjuk azt az adatbázist, amely az utóbbi 15 évben Budapesten, annak jellegzetes belvárosi talajkörnyezetében megvalósult 9 db mereven (támaszfödémes és/vagy csőtámaszos) vagy rugalmasan, talajhorgonyokkal megtámasztott mély munkatárhatárolás megvalósítása során mért deformációkat tartalmazza. Végezetül ismertetjük a faldeformációk és felszínsüllyedések a munkagödörmélység és megtámasztási mód függvényében azonosított tendenciáit és az azokból levonható következtetéseket.
Figurative Language in Snack Advertising Slogan
Authors: Hosana Silvia , Juanda  , Supriadi Asep
Published: December 2022

In the modern environment, technology is getting more advanced, particularly in the field of advertising. Slogans in advertising are also made more appealing in order to attract buyers, such as in a snack commercial. The purpose of this research is to analyze the linguistic style used in the slogans of snack advertising on television. The research focuses on the slogans of snack advertisements that are presented on television channels. The methodology used is descriptive qualitative. The qualitative technique of research generates descriptive data, such as written/oral statements from people or observed behaviour. The data gathering strategies used were observation and data collection through the website. The data was evaluated qualitatively using descriptive analysis. According to the findings of this study, there is a language style present in the slogans of snack commercials. This is because advertisements use figurative language to advertise its product to attract more customers.
Analysis of Changes on Regulations of Limited Liability Companies in Law Number 11 of 2020: Cybernetics Theory in Legal Politics
Authors: Muhammad Rifqi , Lita Tyesta Addy Listya Wardhani
Published: December 2022

This article discusses the legal politics of changing regulations regarding Limited Liability Company (LTD) after the inauguration of Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation. The analytical tool used is the theory of cybernetics, which was coined by Talcott Parsons, that society is a system that consists of several sub-systems (economic, political, social, and cultural). This normative legal research uses an approach to legislation, analysis, and comparison and slightly inserts social phenomena caused by the birth of this Job Creation Law. The result was that before and after the promulgation of the Job Creation Law, there were many rejections from all levels of society. However, the government insists on continuing to enact this law. From the analysis point of cybernetics theory, it is stated that the legal politics used by the government today tends to lead to the economic sub-system, so this sub-system affects the political sub-system, where this sub-system encourages the enactment of this law to be implemented immediately. Apart from this, it turns out that changes in regulations regarding LTD have had an impact both in the form of convenience for the community to run their business and in accordance with the concept of ease of doing business as adopted by the United Nations countries.
The Use of Referentiality in Examining Selected Stage Directions in Sophocles “Oedipus the King”
Authors: Anane Samuel Ohene , Owusu Edward , Asuamah Adade-Yeboah  , Appiah Priscilla , Adoma Samuel Kyei , Adams Mohammed Abdul
Published: December 2022

‘Oedipus the King’ is an ancient tragic play that tells the story of King Oedipus of Thebes, who lived about a period before the proceedings of the Trojan War. Gradually, this King came to the realization that he had accidentally slaughtered Laius, his father, and married Jocasta, his biological mother. Fate, conflict, and free will (i.e. the inexorableness of oracular prophecies) are the main themes of the text. This paper examines selected stage directions in Oedipus the King, a text written by Sophocles. A purposive sample technique was used in selecting these stage directions. In linguistics, language, and literary criticism, 'referentiality' is usually deployed to describe the connotational and denotational sense of an entity to explicate the association between language and extralinguistic object. So, content analysis design, through referentiality, was deployed in critiquing and exhuming the hidden meanings of the selected stage directions. Thus, the use of the referentiality model coupled with definiteness and indefiniteness facilitated the unearthing of familiarity, identifiability, and uniqueness from the selected extracts. The paper is structured in four thematic areas: the introduction, methods, analysis and discussion, and conclusion.
In Vivo Efficacy of Bacillus velezensis Isolated from Korean Gochang Bokbunja Vinegar against Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Infections
Authors: Ghorbanian Fatemeh , Seo Hoonhee , Tajdozian Hanieh , Lee Youngkyoung , Rahim MD Abdur , Kim Sukyung , Jung Il-Yun , Lee Saebim , Song Ho-Yeon
Published: December 2022

Outbreaks of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), especially Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP), are commonly reported as severe infections in hospitals and long-term care settings, and their occurrence is increasing globally. Conventional antibiotics used for treating CRE have become ineffective due to resistance development. Furthermore, their safety issues restrict their availability and use for CRE treatment. Therefore, developing new drugs different from existing drugs to combat this deadly menace is urgently needed. Probiotics can be a potential option in this context, as probiotics’ efficacy against a variety of infectious illnesses has already been well established. Here, we report the effect of the Bacillus velezensis strain isolated from Gochang Bokbunja vinegar in Korea on CRE infection using two mouse models. Data showed that pretreatment with B. velezensis significantly reduced body weight loss and mortality of CRKP-infected mice in the preventive model. The oral administration of B. velezensis in a therapeutic model also decreased the mortality and illness severity in CRKP-infected mice. Moreover, a two-week oral acute toxicity assay in guinea pigs did not reveal any aberrant clinical signs. Our findings demonstrate the potential effectiveness of our candidate probiotic strain, B. velezensis, against CRKP, suggesting that it could be used as an antimicrobial agent for treating CRKP-related infections.
Features of the qualification of fraud in cyberspace, the means of committing which are virtual assets
Authors: Dymchykov M.
Published: December 2022

Purpose. The purpose of the work is a criminal-legal analysis of fraud as a criminal offense in cyberspace, the means of which are virtual assets, to determine their main types, as well as to find out the most effective measures to combat these socially dangerous phenomena. Method. The research methodology includes a comprehensive analysis of fraud in cyberspace, a generalization of existing doctrinal views and the formation of recommendations re garding the commission of fraud in cyberspace, the means of which are virtual assets. With the help of a systematic method, the main types of fraud in cyberspace were identified, the means of which are virtual assets. The cognitive method was used to analyze the legislative outline of the features of virtual assets. The method of generalization was used to develop directions for combating fraud in cyberspace, the means of which are virtual assets. The results. In the process of research, it was established which criminal offenses in cyberspace can be committed by using virtual assets. The main methods of activity of cybercriminals in committing fraud in cyberspace, the means of which are virtual assets, are outlined. The main reasons for the use of virtual assets in the commission of criminal offenses in cyberspace are emphasized. Scientific novelty. In the process of research, it was established that the field of criminal offenses in cyberspace is very dynamic and changes simultaneously with the development of electronic computers and information and telecommunication networks. As a result, the appearance of new findings of criminal offenses in cyberspace and new schemes for their commission. The results of the study can be used in law-making and law-enforcement activities during the investigation of criminal offenses in cyberspace.
Fulfillment of contractual obligations in Ukraine: problems of legislative provision in the conditions of martial law
Authors: Kolisnyk Artem , Landina Anna
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study was to solve the problem of prosecution for non-fulfillment of economic contractual obligations under martial law. Methodology. This study was carried out in a clear sequence, following the stages of studying the problem, based on the logic of the presentation of the material, with the aim of achieving the goals set in the article and fulfilling the defined tasks. During the research, such methods as the information-analytical method were used; system approach method; method of comparison and comparison; method of descriptive analysis; method of pragmatic approach; forecasting method. The results. It was established that criminal liability for non-fulfillment or improper fulfillment of economic contractual obligations is not provided for by the current criminal legislation of Ukraine, although enforcement of such obligations (in particular, in critical conditions of martial law) by criminal legal means is appropriate and necessary. The scientific novelty is that we propose to eliminate this gap by including in the Special Part of the Criminal Code of Ukraine Art. 2061, which will establish liability for breach of contract terms, namely, will provide for liability for non-fulfillment or improper fulfillment of economic contractual obligations, if this resulted in large losses (the amount of such losses, namely those that are 500 or more times greater than the tax-free the minimum income of citizens, to be provided in the note to the specified article). As circumstances that will aggravate the punishment for the specified act, it is worth predicting a particularly large amount, which led to particularly significant losses (which are 1000 or more times greater than the tax-free minimum income of citizens), which should also be indicated in the note to this norm; repeatedly, that is, by a person who previously committed such a criminal offense; by a group of persons based on a prior conspiracy and others, if the specified acts are committed in the presence of other significant aggravating circumstances that will affect the type and amount of punishment. Practical significance. This study does not exhaust the indicated problems, but opens the prospect of further research in the field of ensuring the fulfillment of contractual economic obligations.
The nature and content of the court situation
Authors: Myroshnychenko Yu.
Published: December 2022

Purpose. The aim of the article is to present part of the results of the scientific work carried out within the scope of studying the prospects of building a holistic concept of forensic support of court proceedings. The immediate task of the proposed publication was to substantiate the author's vision of the nature and content of the concept of a judicial situation as a key category of the organization of judicial proceedings in criminal cases. Methodology. The methodology includes a comprehensive approach to the study of theoretical and practical aspects of the researched object. During the research, methods of formal logic were used, as well as: historical, systemic and terminological analysis, interpretation of concepts. Results. In the course of the research, it was established that the recognition of the objective-subjective nature of forensic situations is becoming more and more characteristic of modern approaches. Its which implies not only the presence of objective conditions, but also a subjective assessment of the situation, such a perception of it, which creates for the subject's need to react in the form of choosing the appropriate line of behavior. The subject selects certain elements of the surrounding reality into a certain system and identifies it as a situation of one or another type. Without a subject, there is no situation; he constructs the system himself, determining his place in it, his attitude to it and to its individual elements, in particular to other subjects, thus forming the structure of the «situation» system. The conduct of criminal cases by the court, like any other type of activity, is characterized by situationality - the dependence of its implementation on specific conditions and circumstances, that is, factors under the influence of which the object of the situation and its state are formed. The situational nature court research of the implies the need for the subject to choose the techniques and means most effective for the given situation. This regularity determines the key importance of the concept of a judicial situation and the situational approach based on it for building a theory of forensic support of court proceedings. Within the limits of this theory, it is envisaged to create a system of complexes of scientifically based forensic recommendations on the organization of judicial review of criminal cases, which will allow, with careful consideration of the individual characteristics of each judicial proceeding, to ensure its optimality in various judicial situations. Originality. Because of the study, the objective-subjective nature of the forensic situation received additional justification, the author's definition of the concept of "court situation" was proposed. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in the educational process, research activities.
Pecularities of making the notification of suspicion in a criminal proceeding
Authors: Oheruk Ihor
Published: December 2022

proceeding as a separate procedural action and to find out its peculiarities, which relate to both the stage of preparing a written notification of suspicion by an authorized person and the stage of serving of such notification. Methodology. The methodology includes a comprehensive analysis and generalization of the existing scientific theoretical material and the formulation of relevant conclusions and recommendations. Such methods of scientific knowledge were used: terminological, logical-semantic, functional, systemic-structural, logical-normative. Results. In the process of research, it was admitted that the notification of suspicion is an important milestone in a criminal proceeding since such a procedural action results in several important changes in criminal procedural activity. Making the notification of suspicion includes two interrelated and mutually consistent actions, which are regulated by criminal procedural legislation: preparing of written notification of suspicion and handing over the prepared suspicion. However, certain provisions of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine, which relate specifically to the notification of suspicion in a criminal proceeding, require coordination and improvement. Originality. In the process of research, it was established that Part 1 of Art. 277 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine among individuals, that are authorized to make the notification of suspicion, does not single out an inquirer, who is empowered with such a right following Clause 5 Part 2 of Art. 401 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, which is a certain inconsistency of the specified articles of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. In addition, not all methods provided by the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine for the service of notices can fully meet the requirements for the procedure for the delivery of written notification of suspicion in a criminal proceeding. Practical significance. The results of the research can be used in law-making and law-enforcement activities during the pre-trial investigation of criminal offenses during the notification of suspicion in a criminal proceeding.
Positive law as a manifestation of the rational correlation of the will of the state and its citizens: political and legal aspect
Authors: Lutskyi Roman , Havrylyshyn Petro
Published: December 2022

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to determine the essence and features of positive law based on a correct understanding of the signs that characterize this phenomenon, and are also key factors in the process of legal understanding. It is the latter that outline the components that characterize the essence of the so-called state (positive) law. Methodology. In order to achieve this goal, a comprehensive analysis of the available information on the analyzed problem was conducted and conclusions and proposals were formed on their basis. The following methods of scientific cognition were used during the research: dialectical, system-structural, terminological, system-functional, historical, normative-dogmatic, generalization method. Originality. As a result of the conducted research, it was established that the term «positive law» expresses a rule of conduct that is accepted and sanctioned by the state and has a universally binding nature. In addition, positive law outlines the specific direction of the development of the legislative process of the corresponding stage of development at which the state is located, and only it, in combination with natural law, is the tool that guides the development of society and statehood. Scientific novelty. For the first time, systematization and generalization of the levels of political and legal understanding of the concept of «positive law» through the prism of the rational relationship between the will of the state and its citizens, taking into account the realities of today, has been carried out. Practical significance. Research results can be used in law-making and human rights protection activities regarding the implementation of current legislation during wartime.
Enshrining legal coercion as a prerogative of the rule of law
Authors: Tănase Oleg
Published: December 2022

Purpose of the article is to study legal coercion as one of the traditional state management methods from the standpoint of the exclusive prerogative of the state to implement it. Methodology. The research uses a natural-law approach and a number of methods aimed at a systematic and meaningful analysis of the problems of state coercion, the most important of which are generalization, dialectical, historical and integrative methods. Results: it is resoned that the following grounds are necessary for the application of coercion: 1) the legal basis presupposes the presence of legal norms that provide for the possibility of applying coercion to certain subjects in concrete cases; 2) the factual basis presupposes the occurrence of the legal event provided for in the law - the event or act which generated the legal relationship; 3) the formal basis implies the issuing by the state body of the act of application of the law ordering the application of the constraint to a specific subject. The coercion as a physical action is applied by special state bodies on the basis of a court decision or administrative act. In the absence of such acts, coercion cannot be exercised. It is emphasized that the legal coercion applied by the state must involve proportionate measures and sanctions, in such a way that, on the one hand, it creates the necessary inhibiting factors in the conscience of those who would try to break the law and, on the other hand, it strengthens the feeling of security in others, inspiring them with the conviction that the law, the state, protects them and that they should not resort to non-state, unofficial means in order to take the law into their own hands. It is absolutely essential that the application of coercion should not be used to infringe the rights and freedoms of individuals or to cause physical or mental suffering. Only in such a situation will legal coercion contribute to the formation of the ethical attitude of citizens, increasing their psychological readiness to respect the law. Originality. This is one of the first studies devoted to the issue of legal coercion as the context of its use by the state in order to exercise its power in modern political and legal realities, including taking into account the experience of state formation in the Republic of Moldova. Practical significance. The results of the study can contribute to the improvement of law enforcement and human rights protection activities, to increase the level of legal culture at the current stage of social development, primarily in countries freed from communist totalitarianism.
Key words: state, law, rule of law, legality, legal act, coercion, legal coercion, normativity.
General information about the territory of the Ukrainian Far Eastern Republic
Authors: Gumenyuk Vitaliy
Published: December 2022

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to clarify previously known but insufficiently researched facts, to discover new facts, to deepen the study of knowledge about the Green Wedge, to analyze the real state of the subject of research. Methodology. The methodology includes the analysis of the theoretical and source base with further generalization and formulation of relevant conclusions and recommendations. Given the interdisciplinary nature of the problem, the work uses a complex of general scientific, special legal, special historical and philosophical methods and approaches, as well as the principles of objectivity, historicism, systematicity and comprehensiveness. The results. In the process of research, it was recognized that the Ukrainian Far Eastern Republic (as it is commonly believed, Green Ukraine or Green Wedge) had an impressive total area, which is at least one and a half times larger than the territory of modern Ukraine. The article examines general information about the territory, total area, borders and connections of the Green Wedge, which consisted of land, water (river and sea), railway routes. Originality. In the course of the research, it was established that the research and coverage of the issue of the state formation of the Ukrainian people of the last century against the background of the events that took place since 2014, namely: the annexation of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, the military invasion of Eastern Ukraine, as well as the full-scale military invasion on February 24, 2022, are quite relevant to the modern sovereign and independent, democratic, social, legal state of Ukraine, which are examples of Russian expansionist ambitions and imperialist policies. As a result, today the Ukrainian people stand in defense of democratic values, the European path of development, territorial integrity and state sovereignty of Ukraine. One of the stages of state formation of the Ukrainian people is the formation of the Ukrainian Far Eastern Republic, which lasted from 1917 to 1922, and therefore it is necessary to assimilate the state formation of the Ukrainian people against the background of recent events. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used by central, regional and local state authorities in the formation of diaspora policy while addressing cultural, linguistic, legal and educational needs, as well as in the development of programs for the historical development of the Ukrainian people in the environment of the Ukrainian diaspora and on the territory of modern Ukraine.
Pengaruh Campuran Baja Ringan Terhadap Kekuatan Beton
Authors: Aryanti Rewilla , Walujodjati Eko
Published: December 2022

Beton memiliki kuat tekan yang tinggi tetapi memilki kuat tarik yang rendah, untuk itu perlunya adanya bahan tambahan yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kuat tarik. Penggunaan bahan tambah pada teknologi beton telah lama dikembangkan. Beton memiliki kuat tarik 8%–15% dari kuat tekan. Beberapa usaha diperlukan untuk meningkatkan kuat tarik. Salah satunya adalah penambahan bahan tambah yaitu potongan baja ringan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui nilai kuat tekan dan kuat tarik belah beton setelah penambahan baja ringan variasi 0%, l0%, l5%, dan 20%. Mutu beton rencana 20 Mpa dan umur beton l4 serta 28 hari. Benda uji kuat tekan dan tarik belah beton berupa silinder dengan diameter 15 cm dan tinggi 30 cm. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen dengan waktu penelitian selama dua bulan. Hasil pengujian kuat tekan mengalami kenaikan dan penurunan. Kenaikan terbesar berada pada campuran 15 % dengan persentase kenaikan sebesar 46,33 % dan nilai kuat tekan rata – rata 12,162 N/mm2 pada umur beton 14 hari, sedangkan kuat tekan rata – rata tertinggi berada pada campuran 0 % atau beton normal dengan nilai kuat tekan sebesar 13,859 N/mm2 umur beton 28 hari. Hasil pengujian kuat tarik belah rata – rata terbesar berada pada campuran 10 % dengan nilai kuat tarik belah yaitu 2.183 MPa dan persentase kenaikan 24, 09 %. Penambahan baja ringan optimum yang menghasilkan kuat tarik maksimal adalah 10 %.
Evaluasi Kepadatan Tanah Timbunan dengan Sand Cone
Authors: Ikbal Faridz Moch. , Zhafirah Athaya
Published: December 2022

Pembangunan Jalan Baru Lingkar Cipanas Kabupaten Garut bertujuan untuk mempermudah akses menuju objek wisata Cipanas. Salah satu hal terpenting dalam pembangunan jalan baru adalah kepadatan tanah timbunan yang diperoleh dari proses pemadatan tanah menggunakan alat berat. Kepadatan tanah harus memenuhi persyaratan, yaitu memiliki nilai derajat kepadatan lebih dari 95%. Jika tidak memenuhi persyaratan, maka akan terjadi kerusakan pada timbunan tanah dan dalam jangka waktu panjang akan merusak struktur perkerasan di atas tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan adalah untuk mengetahui apakah timbunan tanah pada Jalan Baru Lingkar Cipanas Kabupaten Garut memenuhi persyaratan atau tidak. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimental pengujian di lapangan dan di laboratorium. Pengujian kepadatan tanah di lapangan dengan menggunakan alat konus pasir mengacu pada SNI 03-2828-1992, sedangkan pengujian kepadatan tanah di laboratorium mengacu pada SNI 1742-2008. Analisis hasil pengujian kepadatan tanah di lapangan dan di laboratorium masing-masing dilakukan untuk mendapatkan nilai berat volume kering tanah. Nilai berat volume kering tanah hasil pengujian di laboratorium digunakan sebagai acuan untuk menentukan nilai derajat kepadatan tanah. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah timbunan tanah pada Jalur A seluruh titik memenuhi persyaratan kepadatan tanah dengan nilai derajat kepadatan di atas 95%, sedangkan pada Jalur B tidak memenuhi persyaratan kepadatan tanah. Timbunan tanah yang sudah memenuhi persyaratan kepadatan tanah dapat dilanjutkan ke pekerjaan selanjutnya dan untuk timbunan tanah yang tidak memenuhi persyaratan diharuskan melakukan pemadatan kembali.
Penurunan Tanah Berdasarkan Hasil Uji Konsolidasi di Laboratorium
Authors: Fedriawan  , Zhafirah Athaya
Published: December 2022

Penurunan tanah merupakan permasalahan geoteknik yang sering ditemukan dan tidak dapat dihindari. Analisis penurunan tanah meliputi besar penurunan dan lama waktu penurunan perlu dilakukan untuk memprediksi yang akan terjadi di lapangan. Dampak yang ditimbulkan dari penurunan tanah adalah terjadinya differential settlement yang dapat mengakibatkan kerusakan pada struktur perkerasan jalan seperti yang terjadi di salah satu titik Ruas Jalan Garut – Bungbulang. Penurunan tanah yang terjadi di lokasi tersebut dapat membahayakan pengguna jalan karena tidak aman dan nyaman untuk dilalui. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah mengetahui besarnya penurunan yang terjadi dan dalam jangka waktu berapa lama penurunan tersebut akan selesai. Metode yang digunakan ialah pengujian tanah di lapangan dan di laboratorium. Pengujian tersebut untuk mendapatkan parameter tanah yang digunakan dalam analisis penurunan. Parameter yang digunakan antara lain indeks pemampatan (CC), koefisien konsolidasi (CV), dan angka pori (eo). Hasil yang didapatkan adalah penurunan tanah yang terjadi sebesar 0,0105 m dan akan terjadi dalam jangka waktu 480 tahun.
Pengujian Kuat Lentur Balok Beton dengan Tulangan Baja Ringan
Authors: Akmal Dandi Fahrul , Walujodjati Eko
Published: December 2022

Beton bertulang dapat dibuat banyak cara agar dapat menjadi ringan namun memiliki kekuatan yang tinggi. Salah satu cara membuat alternatif pengganti tulangan baja konvensional dengan menggunakan baja ringan. Penggunaan baja ringan sebagai alternatif pengganti tulangan pada beton ternyata masih belum begitu populer di bidang kontruksi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui besar kuat lentur pada balok beton bertulang dengan baja ringan, serta perbandingan kuat lentur balok beton bertulang dengan baja ringan dari hasil analisis penelitian dengan mutu beton fc’ 22 mpa dan ukuran balok 20x10 panjang 90 cm. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental pengujian kuat lentur beton dengan balok uji sederhana yang dibebani dengan satu pembebanan, ini dimaksudkan sebagai acuan dan pedoman untuk melakukan  pengujian kekuatan lentur di laboratorium. Dimulai dari pengujiam material sampai pengujian kuat tekan, kuat tarik belah dan kuat lentur. Dengan hasil uji tekan rata - rata beton dengan usia 28 hari fc’ 12,07 MPa. Nilai kuat tarik belah biasanya 8% sampai 15% dari kuat tekan beton, sedangkan nilai kekuatan lentur pada rata-rata beton balok dengan tulangan baja ringan 8,78 kN,m dan hasil analisis mendapatkan 12,302 kN,m. Jadi hasil nilai pengujian di Laboratorirum lebih kecil dari hasil analisis.
A Case of Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis Concurrent Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Im Sang Eun , Kim Hyuna
Published: December 2022

Purpose: To report a biopsy-proven case of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) who visited for red eye and discomfort. We detected papillary thyroid cancer by a whole-body scan.Case summary: A 56-year-old female presented to our clinic with hyperemia and discomfort in the right eye for the past 1 month. The visual acuity was 0.9 in the right eye. Congestion and chemosis of the right conjunctiva were observed by slit-lamp microscopy. There was a firm, erythematous, tender mass near the right nasolacrimal duct. Impairment of adduction and infraduction and proptosis were observed. Radiologically, a 3.6 × 2.6 × 1.2 cm right orbital mass was seen in the intraorbital extraconal space, invading the right nasolacrimal duct and nasal cavity. Pathologic and supplementary investigations showed granulomatous, c-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-positive inflammation in the mass. The patient was diagnosed with GPA. Whole-body computed tomography and positron emission tomography-computed tomography revealed multiple lesions in the right orbit, nasal cavity, mediastinum, retropubic area, and left thyroid gland. Thyroid ultrasonography and biopsy led to a diagnosis of papillary carcinoma with lymph node metastasis. Topical and systemic steroids and rituximab injection were administered, and total thyroidectomy with bilateral central lymph node dissection was performed. This led to improvements in proptosis and limitation of extraocular movement.Conclusions: GPA is a rare disease that may initially present with ocular symptoms. It can be associated with malignancies even in the absence of immunosuppression. Patients with ocular problems suspected of having GPA should undergo autoimmune antibody testing, including ANCA and tissue biopsy.
Phenotypes of Granular Corneal Dystrophy Type 2 among Koreans in Their Twenties
Authors: Suh Ji Hyung , Ryu Ik Hee , Hong Jin Pyo , Moon Ja Yoon , Choi Jin Seok , Jun Ikhyun , Kim Tae-Im , Kim Eung Kweon
Published: December 2022

Purpose: Granular corneal dystrophy type 2 (GCD2) is a hereditary disease that features granular and lattice stromal deposits in the cornea. There are homozygotes and heterozygotes and the opacities are exacerbated by corneal trauma or surgery, such as laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). As there is individual variability in GCD2 phenotypes, we investigated various corneal features of GCD2 patients in their twenties, the main age group for refractive surgery.Methods: From genetically confirmed GCD2 patients who had an R124H mutation of the transforming growth factor β induced (TGFBI) gene at age 20 to 29 years, we chose representative patients: one homozygote; one compound heterozygote; one simple heterozygote with a severe phenotype with many granular deposits; one common heterozygote; and four heterozygotes with normal corneas. The corneas of all patients were subject to slit-lamp examination and photographed.Results: The homozygote had confluent granular deposits covering the cornea. The compound heterozygote had granular and lattice deposits covering the center of the cornea. The patient with a severe phenotype had more than 30 granular deposits in one eye, but was a simple GCD2 heterozygote, verified by full-sequencing of the TGFBI gene. In the four patients with normal corneas, a single small lesion was subsequently detected during follow-up in two, at 3 weeks and 6 months, respectively. Both corneas were judged clear at chance examinations.Conclusions: Among Koreans in their twenties, GCD2 patients have various phenotypes, from clear corneas to severe confluent opacities. There are GCD2 heterozygotes with nearly clear corneas, so caution must be taken when choosing patients for refractive surgery.
Haller Layer Thickness after Intravitreal Aflibercept Injection in Diabetic Macular Edema: 1 Month Change
Authors: Sung Su Min , Lee Kyoo Won , Kang Hyun Gu
Published: December 2022

Purpose: To analyze the changes in subfoveal Haller layer thickness (SFHT), subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), and central macular thickness (CMT) after intravitreal aflibercept injection.Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of 36 diabetic macular edema patients who underwent intravitreal aflibercept injection between December 2016 and June 2021. The SFHT, SFCT, and CMT before and 1 month after the injection were compared using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.Results: Mean baseline SFHT, SFCT, and CMT were 214.28 ± 80.00 μm, 307.89 ± 96.30 μm, and 525.64 ± 133.24 μm, which were reduced 1 month after the injection to 199.56 ± 75.76 μm, 290.36 ± 94.63 μm, and 409.72 ± 98.45 μm, respectively (p = 0.001, < 0.001, and < 0.001, respectively). There was a significant correlation between baseline SFHT and 1-month post-injection best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), while thicker subfoveal Haller layers before the injection were associated with better BCVA after the injection (ρ = −0.342; p = 0.041).Conclusions: In diabetic macular edema patients, SFHT, SFCT, and CMT decreased significantly over 1 month after the first intravitreal aflibercept injection. Greater SFHT before the injection was a good short-term predictor of BCVA after injection.
Optimizing perioperative settings after (minimally invasive) esophagectomy
Authors:   , Fransen Laura Floor Cornelia
Published: December 2022

An esophagectomy – the surgical removal of the esophagus – is a complex procedure, frequently accompanied by complications. To reduce these complications, quick recovery (i.e. ERAS) protocols are being adopted. While oral nutrition is initiated directly after surgery as part of ERAS in almost all other types of major (abdominal) surgery, no clear consensus has been reached in esophageal cancer surgery. The current thesis demonstrates that direct oral feeding after an esophagectomy results in a similar time to recovery, complication rate and nutritional status when compared with the standard of care being tube feeding and no oral intake for 5 days after surgery. A subsequent study in an extended patient cohort showed marked improved outcomes after surgery for patients with direct oral feeding. Also, in patients who started directly with oral feeding the hospital costs were similar, while their quality of life improved more quickly. Moreover, these patients needed significantly less home care and the accompanying cost where therefor reduced. Adding a prehabilitation program – aimed to improve physical, nutritional and mental fitness prior to undergoing major surgery – led to a shorter hospital admission and less Intensive Care Unit readmission.
Although ERAS and prehabilitation improved short-term outcomes, it is unknown what the long-term implication is for esophagectomy patients. This thesis shows complications after an esophagectomy to be related with worse long-term survival, despite patients having overcome this complication. This effect was found in patients undergoing surgery irrespective of the surgical technique used. This emphasizes the need for continuous reduction of complications after esophagectomy.
Agency als antwoord van Etty Hillesum op het nazisme.
Authors:   , Bergen Lotte
Published: December 2022

Etty Hillesums choice not to go into hiding and go voluntarily to the transit camp Westerbork played a crucial role in the judgement of her person and led to controversy in the perception of the diarist. Etty received recognition and admiration, but there was also criticism. The critique mainly focused on her attitude towards persecution and the coming annihilation. The idea that Jews had passively suffered their fate was dominant in the early historiography of Jewish victimization. The behavior of the Jews was described as fatalistic, self-destructive and corrupt and, in particular, the establishment of the Jewish Councils set up by order of the Nazis in the occupied territories was highly criticized. This perception has been largely corrected and nuanced. Various researchers have shown that the victims of Nazism were by no means passive recipients of their fate, but active actors with agency. In this study, I define agency as (re)taking and maintaining control over one's own life, ownership over life. Several aspects of agency emerge in Etty's texts. Using the concept of agency, it is possible to gain insight into the development of her choice not to go into hiding, but to go to Westerbork, and how she managed to give meaning to her fate during her stay in the transit camp. Etty decided not only that she wanted to share her fate, "Massenschicksal", as she described it, but also how she would give shape and meaning to that fate.
Paediatric Primary Headache: Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Treatments
Authors: Genizi Jacob , Srugo Isaac , Assaf Nurit , Kerem Nogah C.
Published: December 2022

Headaches are common in children and adolescents, and are the most common pain complaint when seeking medical advice. Primary headaches are one of the most common disorders of childhood, with migraine and tension type headache being the most prominent. Treatment strategies for primary headaches vary according to patient’s age, family structure, culture and beliefs, headache diagnosis, and according to the disability the headache imposes on the patient’s daily living. A multidisciplinary treatment approach was found to be an effective strategy for children and adolescents; it was shown to improve multiple outcome variants, including frequency and severity of headache, and school days missed because of headache.
Focus on the Endogenous Cannabinoid System in Migraine
Authors: Chirchiglia Domenico , Della Torre Attilio , Chirchiglia Pasquale
Published: December 2022

Migraine prophylaxis represents a better choice than symptomatic drugs, both for safety and for effectiveness. Today, drugs such as calcium channel blockers, beta-blockers, and topiramate are still used to treat migraine with and without aura, often with satisfactory results but in some cases with adverse effects, thus limiting their use. A new class of drugs in migraine prophylaxis are endocannabinoids, substances which modulate the mechanisms of neuroinflammation that cause migraine pain. Anandamide and palmitoylethanolamide have proven useful in migraine prophylaxis, suggesting their influence in neuroinflammatory processes and opening the way for new therapeutic perspectives.
Branchial Cleft Cyst – A Misdiagnosed Developmental Anomaly
Authors: Akheel Mohammad , Wadhwania Ashmi , Pereria Karishma Rosann
Published: December 2022

Branchial cysts appear most often as unilateral neck masses and account for 25% of head and neck congenital swellings, of which 95% arise from the second branchial cleft. Here, the authors report a rare case of branchial cleft cyst in a 16-year-old girl, which is often misdiagnosed and treated improperly.
Discovery of a ‘Grail-Shaped’ Drug: Ne-ratinib and the Downregulation of Mutant RAS
Authors: Dent Paul , Poklepovic Andrew , Booth Laurence
Published: December 2022

It has been stated that developing a drug that can attack mutated RAS proteins is ‘the Holy Grail’ of cancer therapeutics. Through a series of unexpected findings, the authors discovered that the irreversible epidermal growth factor receptor 1/2/4 inhibitor neratinib (HKI-272, Nerlynx®) was not only an inhibitor of those receptor tyrosine kinases, but could additionally cause receptor internalisation and degradation. To the author’s surprise, the negative control receptors c-MET and c-KIT were also degraded after neratinib exposure, albeit with a slower time-course. This appeared to be attributable to neratinib attacking receptor tyrosine kinases localised in quaternary structures. It was reasoned that neratinib had the potential to downregulate the expression of other plasma membrane localised signalling proteins, particularly RAS. In a variety of tumour types, neratinib could reduce the expression of wild type (Kirsten) and mutant (Neuroblastoma) RAS (K-RAS/N-RAS, respectively). It was subsequently demonstrated that mutant Gα proteins in uveal melanoma could also have their expression reduced by neratinib. Neratinib was shown to be an inhibitor of sterile 20 serine/threonine kinases. Acting as an inhibitor of sterile 20 serine/threonine kinases, combined with RAS inhibition, neratinib enhanced the phosphorylation and degradation of the Hippo pathway effectors yes-associated protein and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif. In malignancies expressing a mutant K-RAS, yes-associated protein and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif are localised in the nucleus where they cooperate with mutant K-RAS signalling to promote growth, invasion, and chemotherapy resistance. Thus, whilst neratinib is not a direct inhibitor of mutant RAS signalling, the Holy Grail, it nonetheless represents, as did the beacon atop Castle Anthrax, at least something ‘Grail-shaped’.
Conversion of Biomedical Wastes to Energy by Plasma Technologies
Authors: Saravanan V. , Kumar R. K. , Janardhana M.
Published: December 2022

The Biomedical Wastes (BMW) include variety of materials like plastics, radioactive elements, metals, infectiousbiomolecules, etc which are hazardous and pose potential health risk to the people when they are directly released toenvironment. There are many technologies for treating biomedical wastes like incineration, steam sterilisation beforelandfilling, etc. The plasma gasification is the state of art technology for the safe disposal of BMW and also convert themto energy. The plasma gasification operates at very high temperatures and the conversion percentage is relatively highcompared to any other gasification technologies. The concept of plasma gasification for BMW and the other technoeconomical aspects are discussed in this paper.
Black Start Mock Drill from Pench Hydro Power Station in Madhya Pradesh for Khaparkheda Thermal Power Station in Maharashtra, India
Authors: Raut Bhaurao T. , Dadmal Arvind B. , Vekhande Rajendra S. , Shinde Pankaj M. , Pendor Sachin P. , Harjal Nishant
Published: December 2022

The periodic testing and validation of grid recovery procedures are mandated by The Indian Electricity Grid Code (IEGC)20105, which includes Black start procedure for total/partial blackouts and re-synchronization of Island and this proceduresneeds to practiced at-least twice a year. Black Start mock drills are carried out to learn the behavior of the system whilerecovering from total/partial blackouts and from such mock drills the engineers will be able to figure out the challengesand responses of the equipment’s at different stages of the procedure. Pench Hydro Power Station is the only Hydro PowerStation available nearby and there is no gas generation available in the vicinity of Nagpur district of Maharashtra, India.And Thermal generation available around area is 10000 MW. This paper is the experience about carrying out black startmock drill for 220 kV Khaparkheda Thermal power station from Pench Hydro Power Station and synchronizing of SmallIsland with national grid created during the mock drill.
A Comparative Analysis of the Principles of Primogeniture Rule and its Position under International Human Rights Law: A Study of Nigeria, South Africa and United Kingdom
Authors: Miriki Tonye
Published: December 2022

The work aims to analyze the principles of primogeniture rule and its position under international human rights law; studying cases in Nigeria, South Africa and United Kingdom. The research used a qualitative research design method which is deemed the ideal design to use within the qualitative methodology because of its ability to facilitate exploration of the phenomenon within its context, using a variety of secondary data. The study collected and analyzed non-numerical data (e.g., text, and video) which are all secondary. It is obvious that the primogeniture system has a negative standing in international human rights legislation. The study discovered that primogeniture rule is still significant and applicable in Nigeria, where it is recognized and applied. Customary law and statutes both directly and indirectly support its application. The work suggests a legal framework to be established to handle any failure to uphold the obligation of assistance and care.