bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Propiedades psicométricas de una prueba sobre creencias docentes respecto de la integración de las TIC
Authors: Cartagena Beteta Mario , Revuelta Domínguez Francisco Ignacio , Pedrera-Rodríguez María-Inmaculada
Published: August 2022

This study is part of a doctoral research that analyzes the relationship between socioemotional competencies (SEC) and the teaching beliefs of secondary school teachers. In this sense, it is necessary to have a valid, reliable instrument adapted to the sociocultural reality of public school teachers in Metropolitan Lima in coherence with international theoretical frameworks and existing empirical research. Thus, an ad hoc test was designed under the Classical Test Theory, taking into account a classification of teaching beliefs, and the respective psychometric analysis was carried out. A total of 393 teachers from the seven Local Educational Management Units (UGEL) of Metropolitan Lima participated. The methodology included the determination of content and construct validity, as well as the analysis of reliability by internal consistency. This research provides an instrument of 30 items on a Likert scale with optimal validity and reliability indicators for the Peruvian reality with the possibility of being extrapolated to other South American contexts for the diagnosis, research and evaluation of the effectiveness of ICT training programs within the framework of the paradigm of teacher thinking.

Este estudio forma parte de una investigación doctoral que analiza la relación entre las competencias socioemocionales (CSE) y las creencias docentes del profesor de secundaria. En este sentido es necesario contar con un instrumento válido, confiable y adaptado a la realidad sociocultural de los maestros de escuelas públicas de Lima Metropolitana en coherencia con los marcos teóricos internacionales y la investigación empírica existente. Así, se diseñó una prueba ad hoc bajo la Teoría Clásica de los Test, teniendo en cuenta una clasificación de las creencias docentes y se realizó el análisis psicométrico respectivo. En total participaron 393 docentes pertenecientes a las siete Unidades de Gestión Educativa Local (UGEL) de Lima Metropolitana. La metodología abarcó la determinación de la validez de contenido y constructo; así como el análisis de confiabilidad por consistencia interna. Con esta investigación se provee un instrumento de 30 ítems en una escala Likert con indicadores de validez y confiabilidad óptimos para la realidad peruana con posibilidad de ser extrapolado a otros contextos sudamericanos para el diagnóstico, investigación y evaluación de la efectividad de programas de capacitación en TIC en el marco del paradigma del pensamiento docente.
Civil and criminal procedural approaches to the definition of individual judicial regulation
Authors: Kripinevich Svetlana Sergeevna
Published: August 2022

In legal science, such a direction of research as individual legal regulation has become widespread. On its basis, types are distinguished, including individual judicial regulation. This concept is of particular importance for criminal proceedings and its study can lead to new theoretically and practically significant results. Considering that the study of individual judicial regulation has been conducted for many years in the general theory of law, in civil law, the purpose of this work was to generalize their individual results (in terms of the main features of individual judicial regulation) and to develop the main directions of their application in the field of criminal proceedings. The object of the study was relations in the field of judicial criminal procedural activity. Methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization, comparative legal, formal legal, modeling were used in the study. The main results were expressed in the identification of knowledge useful for the science of the criminal process, obtained by scientists in the field of theory of law (V.V. Ershov, V.M. Gorshnev, S.S. Alekseev, etc.), civil law (V.V. Kulakov, A.D. Koretsky, V.V. Gruzdev, etc.) and determining their significance for conducting research of individual judicial regulation in criminal proceedings. The author's conclusion based on the results of the study is the need to develop scientific research in relation to individual judicial regulation in criminal proceedings as a potentially effective means of resolving criminal law conflicts, taking into account the developing trends of procedural contracts, agreements and other vectors that increase the level of individuality of decisions made by the court.
Cavity-excited Huygens’ metasurface for wavefront manipulation
Authors: Huang Shuai , Wu Tian-Hao , Guan Chun-Sheng , Ding Xu-Min , Wu Yu-Ming , Wu Qun , Tang Xiao-Bin ,   China Electronic Technology Group Corporation (CETC), Beijing 100041, China,   Hebei Semiconductor Research Institute, Shijiazhuang 050051, China,   School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China,   School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
Published: August 2022

In this paper, cavity-excited Huygens’ metasurface is proposed for high-efficiency wavefront manipulation. By adjusting the length of electric dipole and magnetic dipole , the proposed Huygens’ metasurface meta unit can provide nearly 360° phase coverage with sufficiently high transmission efficiency. Based on the analysis of the resonance mode of the cavity, the Huygens’ metasurface has successfully performed its function by adopting integrated feeding method. According to the generalized Snell’s law, metasurfaces with different phase gradients are designed. Combined with the cavity structure, one-dimensional Huygens’ metasurfaces excited by cavity is realized, which can directionally emit the electromagnetic waves from the cavity. Both the simulation and experimental results show that the proposed cavity excited metasurfaces can effectively manipulate the direction of the emitted beam. Such a kind of cavity-excited metasurface can flexibly control the emission angle of the electromagnetic wave, reduce the energy loss and improve the efficiency of the electromagnetic wave. These designs have the advantages of compact, light and easy integration.
CBD
Authors: Parker Linda A. , Rock Erin M. , Mechoulam Raphael
Published: August 2022

A comprehensive review of the scientific literature on the possible benefits of CBD, describing findings from both preclinical and human clinical studies.

CBD (cannabidiol), a nonintoxicating compound derived from the cannabis plant, can be found in products ranging from lotion and smoothies to chewable gummies and pet treats. It's been promoted—but not always scientifically validated—as a treatment for medical conditions including psychosis, anxiety, pain, and even cancer. In this book, three leading cannabis researchers look at the science of CBD, offering a comprehensive review of the scientific literature on the possible benefits of CBD and describing their findings from both preclinical and human clinical studies.

As it turns out, the current CBD fad has some basis in preclinical animal research that indicates potential beneficial effects. Clinical studies, hampered by regulations governing research with cannabis, have lagged behind the basic animal research. The authors examine what research shows about chemical and pharmacological aspects of CBD and CBD's interaction with THC, the main psychotropic compound found in cannabis. They go on to review the current state of knowledge about CBD's effectiveness in treating epilepsy, cancer, nausea, pain, anxiety, PTSD, depression, sleep disorders, psychosis, and addiction.
The Smart Mission
Authors: Hoffman Edward J. , Kohut Matthew , Prusak Laurence
Published: August 2022

Why human skills and expertise, not technical tools, are what make projects succeed.

The project is the basic unit of work in many industries. Software applications, antiviral vaccines, launch-ready spacecraft: all were produced by a team and managed as a project. Project management emphasizes control, processes, and tools—but, according to The Smart Mission, that is not the right way to run a project. Human skills and expertise, not technical tools, are what make projects successful. Projects run on knowledge. This paradigm-shifting book—by three project management experts, all of whom have decades of experience at NASA and elsewhere—challenges the conventional wisdom on project management, focusing on the human dimension: learning, collaboration, teaming, communication, and culture.

The authors emphasize three themes: projects are fundamentally about how teams work and learn together to get things done; the local level—not an organization's upper levels—is where the action happens; and projects don't operate in a vacuum but exist within organizations that are responsible to stakeholders. Drawing on examples and case studies from NASA and other organizations, the authors identify three project models—micro, macro, and global—and their different knowledge needs. Successful organizations have a knowledge-based culture. Successful project management guides the interplay of knowledge, projects, and people.
Mathematical Tools for Real-World Applications
Authors: Draganov Alexandr
Published: August 2022

Techniques for applying mathematical concepts in the real world: six rarely taught but crucial tools for analysis, research, and problem-solving.

Many young graduates leave school with a solid knowledge of mathematical concepts but struggle to apply these concepts in practice. Real scientific and engineering problems are different from those found in textbooks: they are messier, take longer to solve, and standard solution recipes might not apply. This book fills the gap between what is taught in the typical college curriculum and what a practicing engineer or scientist needs to know. It presents six powerful tools for analysis, research, and problem solving in the real world: dimensional analysis, limiting cases, symmetry, scaling, making order of magnitude estimates, and the method of successive approximations.

The book does not focus on formulaic manipulations of equations, but emphasizes analysis and explores connections between the equations and the application. Each chapter introduces a set of ideas and techniques and then shows how these techniques apply to a series of problems. (Knowledge of algebra and trigonometry, but not calculus, is required.) The final two chapters tie all six techniques together and apply them to two real-world problems: computing the probability of a rare, catastrophic event, and tracking a satellite with a GPS receiver. Readers will learn how to analyze, dissect, and gain insight into the results by using all the techniques presented in earlier chapters—and discover how analysis tools work on problems not concocted for a textbook. The appendix provides solutions to many of the problems found throughout the book.

Alexandr Draganov was born and raised in Kyiv, Ukraine; in light of the current war in Ukraine he will donate 100% of his royalties for the first year to support medical and humanitarian efforts there.
Maintaining naivety of T cells
Authors: Duffy Ken
Published: August 2022

Mathematical models encoding biological hypotheses reveal new insight into the dynamics of naive immune cells in mice from birth to old age.
Slovenian Folk Lullabies: Analysis of the Lullaby Texts and Their Functions
Authors:   Institute of Slovenian Ethnology, Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Slovenia, Huzjan Vanja
Published: August 2022

The evening ritual of putting a child to sleep, as we know it in Slovenia today, originates from the period of bourgeois family formation. An important part of this ritual is the lullaby. The archaic form of calming with rhythm (rocking) and droning is much older than the middle-class family. When falling asleep, the child is in a liminal state, and by singing a lullaby the singer is also in a liminal state. The analysis of texts of selected Slovene folk lullabies showed that lullabies are constructed in an oneiric manner and are therefore liminal. The analysis relied primarily on Freudian psychoanalytic thought.
Play and Folklore in Children’s Peer Cultures
Authors:   Institute of Slovenian Ethnology, Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Slovenia, Turk Niskač Barbara , Šrimpf Vendramin Katarina ,   Institute of Slovenian Ethnology, Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Slovenia
Published: August 2022

This article examines children’s creative production of and participation in a shared peer culture. Focusing on material on preschool children’s use of counting-out rhymes, faecal humour, and word play gathered in two Slovenian kindergartens by means of participant observation and video ethnography, the article demonstrates the importance of social participation in peer groups from an early age and the alliances, conflicts, and power hierarchies involved. Focusing on how children create and participate in children’s culture through interaction with other children in a peer group, ethnographic material is complemented by archival material on children’s folklore in Slovenia. By bringing together folkloristics and anthropological and sociological studies of children and childhoods, this article aims to bridge the gap between these disciplines to gain a more nuanced understanding of children’s worlds, and the role children’s folklore plays in the creation of and participation in children’s peer cultures.
Data augmentation and deep neural networks for the classification of Pakistani racial speakers recognition
Authors: Amjad Ammar , Khan Lal , Chang Hsien-Tsung
Published: August 2022

Speech emotion recognition (SER) systems have evolved into an important method for recognizing a person in several applications, including e-commerce, everyday interactions, law enforcement, and forensics. The SER system’s efficiency depends on the length of the audio samples used for testing and training. However, the different suggested models successfully obtained relatively high accuracy in this study. Moreover, the degree of SER efficiency is not yet optimum due to the limited database, resulting in overfitting and skewing samples. Therefore, the proposed approach presents a data augmentation method that shifts the pitch, uses multiple window sizes, stretches the time, and adds white noise to the original audio. In addition, a deep model is further evaluated to generate a new paradigm for SER. The data augmentation approach increased the limited amount of data from the Pakistani racial speaker speech dataset in the proposed system. The seven-layer framework was employed to provide the most optimal performance in terms of accuracy compared to other multilayer approaches. The seven-layer method is used in existing works to achieve a very high level of accuracy. The suggested system achieved 97.32% accuracy with a 0.032% loss in the 75%:25% splitting ratio. In addition, more than 500 augmentation data samples were added. Therefore, the proposed approach results show that deep neural networks with data augmentation can enhance the SER performance on the Pakistani racial speech dataset.
Comparison of the Efficacy of Ultrasound-guided Pectoral versus Erector Spinae Plane Blocks for Postoperative Analgesia in Patients undergoing Modified Radical Mastectomy: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Bhavani V , Dhanger Sangeeta , Gupta Namrata , Raajesh I Joseph , Pandian Saravanan
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Postmastectomy pain is more common following carcinoma breast surgery. Preventive analgesia for breast carcinoma includes administration of local infiltration or regional anaesthesia in the form of a paravertebral block, epidural, pectoral nerve block or intercostal block. Interfascial blocks, such as ultrasound guided pectoral nerve (PECS II) and Erector Spinae Plane (ESP) block have been shown to provide effective analgesia for mastectomy surgeries. Aim: To compare the postoperative analgesic efficacy of PECSII block and ESP block following mastectomy surgeries. Materials and Methods: The present study was a doubleblinded randomised controlled study. Patients scheduled for an elective unilateral modified radical mastectomy surgery of age 18-70 years, American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-II, were endrolled in the study. Sixty patients (ASA I-II) were divided into two groups. (30 in the PECS II group and 30 in the ESP group). The patients received respective blocks under ultrasound guidance after general anaesthesia. The primary outcome measured was the time of first request analgesia between groups. The secondary outcomes were postoperative Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) at eight different time-points (0.5, 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th 12th and 24th hour) and intraoperative fentanyl requirement and haemodynamics (heart rate and mean arterial pressure). Total postoperative intravenous paracetamol consumption and rescue analgesic requirement in the first 24 hours postoperatively were noted. Statistical analysis was conducted by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Pearson’s Chi-square test was performed to compare ratios, and categorical variables were compared using Fisher’s exact test. A p-value value <0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results: The time of first request analgesia was prolonged and significant in ESP block (255.5±48.76 minutes) than PEC II (197.5±31.35 minutes) (p=0.000347). In the postoperative ward, NRS scores at the 30th min, first and second hour were significantly lower in ESP block than PECS II group (2.3±0.4 vs. 5.2±0.8; 3.2±0.4 vs. 4.4±0.3, 3.7±0.4 vs. 5.2±0.4); p=0.041 p=0.047, p=0.037 respectively. From the second postoperative hour to the end of the observation period, there were no significant changes in NRS scores among groups. Postoperative paracetamol consumption was significantly higher in PECS II than ESPB (1.25±0.5 grams vs 2.33±1.2 grams, p<0.043824). There was no change in intraoperative fentanyl consumption and haemodynamics between groups. Conclusion: ESP block had better pain control, reduced postoperative pain scores and rescue analgesia than PECS II when given as preventive analgesia in mastectomy surgeries.
(Re)existindo
Authors: De Jesus Tatiana Farias
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo aborda dimensões pessoais e coletivas do cuidado em tempos de pandemia do coronavirus, enfatizando as especificidades relativas à experiência de mulheres que tem atravessado questões como: a sobrecarga com o trabalho doméstico, atenção aos filhos e demais familiares, excessivas atividades de homeoffice, além da produção acadêmica. Esta última tem sido duramente impactada por todas as demandas citadas reiterando marcadores socias, de gênero e raça sobre a vida de mulheres negras, como eu. Nesse momento difícil para a história da humanidade, é fundamental a reflexão sobre o papel de experiências religiosas como o Candomblé, religião de matriz africana, como herança de resistência daquelas/es que buscaram na fé estratégias de sobrevivência para viver num mundo no qual contra sua origem e cor da pele são impostas barreiras para sua condição social.
Por favor, pare agora COVID-19! Escrevivências para manter uma mente sã durante a pandemia.
Authors: Silva Marilda de Santana
Published: August 2022

O presente texto tem por objetivo descrever as dificuldades, traumas e transcendências enfrentados pelo advento do covid-19 no mundo e na população brasileira desde o primeiro óbito acontecido em março de 2020 no Rio de Janeiro. No meu caso específico, se refere a inúmeros adiamentos do casamento da minha filha, por conta da pandemia, e do retorno a Salvador em meio à pesquisa de pós doutorado que estava sendo desenvolvida no Instituto de Artes da Unicamp, em Campinas, São Paulo.
ISOLAMENTO SOCIAL SÓ – NOTAS DE UMA MULHER SOLTEIRA MORANDO SOZINHA
Authors: Andrade Darlane Silva Vieira
Published: August 2022

Desde que a pandemia do novo coronavirus começou, o isolamento social foi tomado como a principal medida para combater a proliferação do vírus e evitar colapso no sistema de saúde em diversos países, incluindo o Brasil. Como professora universitária, solteira e morando sozinha na capital da Bahia, trago neste texto reflexões feministas narradas e palavras espontâneas que me saem como poesia para retratar um pouco das minhas vivências no início da pandemia. Dialogo também com artigos e notícias sobre saúde mental, solteirice e questões de gênero na pandemia, na tentativa de compreender e dar visibilidade a vivências de pessoas solteiras.
TECNOLOGIAS DA INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO NO COMBATE À VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA MULHER EM TEMPOS DE COVID-19
Authors: De Souza Silva Clara Gonçalves , Barros Geovana Chagas , De Almeida Ivomare Cerqueira , De Jesus Luane Caitano , Guimarães de Almeida Lilian Conceição , Ferreira Bispo Tânia Christiane
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: Refletir sobre a acessibilidade das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TICs) na denúncia de violência doméstica contra a mulher em tempos de pandemia da COVID-19. Metodologia: Estudo teórico de cunho reflexivo, conduzido através de pesquisa na literatura utilizando publicações entre dezembro de 2019 a agosto de 2020, período de pandemia da COVID-19. Resultados: Diante do cenário de pandemia da COVID-19 a utilização das TICs na realização de denúncias virtuais surge como uma alternativa para atenuar os impactos ocasionados pelo afastamento social na vida de milhares de mulheres ao redor do mundo e no Brasil, neste último temos agravante o acesso limitado a internet, tal condição interfere no processo de denúncia. Considerações finais: As TICs são importantes ferramentas de prevenção e enfrentamento da violência, mas sua efetividade requer a articulação de estratégias entre a gestão, comunidade civil organizada e a população em geral oportunizando a todos o acesso.Palavras chave: Pandemia; Isolamento social; Violência doméstica; Tecnologia da informação e comunicação.
QUEM CUIDA DE QUEM CUIDA?
Authors: Benatti Barbara Duarte , Viana Joana Vieira
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo é fruto das reflexões e diálogos entre as autoras durante um ano e meio de isolamento social, em decorrência da pandemia de Covid-19. Selecionamos alguns trechos desse período, trazemos aqui em relato, experiências em que nós – duas mulheres, mães, professoras, divorciadas, pesquisadoras cursando doutorado em Artes Cênicas por diferentes programas de pós-graduação, residentes de localidades distintas (Brasília e João Pessoa), atravessando a pandemia do covid-19 conectadas e enfrentando desafios. O recorte de tempo apresentado aqui foi estabelecido de modo a se concentrar em uma semana o que se vivenciou cotidianamente. Propomos aqui um exercício de f(r)icção (LYRA,2011), onde há um entrelaçamento entre o passado, o presente e o futuro, ficcionado em um breve período de tempo.
GRUPO OPERATIVO REMOTO COMO ESTRATÉGIA DE PROMOÇÃO DE SAÚDE DAS MULHERES: UM RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Cunha Lorena Vanessa Holanda da , Moura Layna de Souza , Porto-Cruz Madge
Published: August 2022

O presente estudo trata-se de um relato de experiência, de caráter descritivo, que teve como finalidade narrar a experiência vivenciada por três psicólogas durante a idealização, planejamento e realização de grupos operativos remotos voltados para mulheres em meio à pandemia da COVID-19. As informações compiladas foram obtidas através das anotações e impressões das profissionais mediadoras da atividade grupal e tratadas através do método de análise hermenêutica-dialética. Dessa forma foi possível perceber a importância de discutirmos e pensarmos formas de preconizar a saúde mental das mulheres que vêm se mostrando vulnerável, antes mesmo do período de pandemia, e demanda intervenções que envolvem a construção de redes de apoio e, principalmente, políticas de assistência e proteção voltadas para o cuidado desse público socialmente vulnerabilizado.
Travessias em poéticas virais
Authors: Sales Tiago Amaral
Published: August 2022

Quantos afetos são vividos por um corpo em territórios pandêmicos? Lutos e lutas pela preservação da vida em resistências e re-existências. Travessias… Este é um texto sobre travessias. Na verdade, as próprias escritas são parte da travessia. Aqui componho um arquivo de poéticas virais que percorrem a minha travessia pelos territórios pandêmicos. Assim, reuni treze escritas-poéticas que se fizeram de forma livre em diferentes momentos da pandemia de covid-19, dando vazão aos afetos que em meu corpo pediam passagem.
Às vezes eu converso sozinha, começo a falar e caminhar
Authors: Sardenberg Cecília
Published: August 2022

Entrevista realizada em julho de 2021, com L., uma garota que na época tinha 11 anos e meio, cursava de forma remota o 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental em um colégio particular. Mora com a mãe, o padrasto e o irmãozinho em uma cidade do interior paulista. Os pais autorizaram a entrevista, mas solicitaram que ela não fosse identificada, vez que ela teve “long Covid”, sofrendo depressão e outros problemas emocionais com sequelas, não apenas da doença, como também do isolamento imposto pela pandemia. No momento da entrevista, ela já estava há quase 18 meses isolada em casa.
APRESENTAÇÃO - Volume 9, número 3 Volume 10, número 1
Authors: Kubík Mano Maíra , SARDENBERG Cecilia M. B.
Published: August 2022

Edição Conjunta

 

            Esta nossa edição, que conjuga o Número 3, do Volume 9, e o Número 1, do 10, da nossa Revista, que aqui apresentamos, está toda voltada para as diferentes contribuições referentes ao dossiê, "Nossas Vivências, Experiências, Transcendências e Traumas  na Pandemia do Covid-19", apresentado mais a frente por suas organizadoras, Maíra Kubik Mano e Cecilia M.B. Sardenberg, pesquisadoras do NEIM e docentes do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Estudos Interdisciplinares sobre Mulheres, Gênero e Feminismos, o PPGNEIM da UFBA. Elas integram, também, a nossa Equipe Editorial, sendo este dossiê pensando por todas nós.

            Como se verá adiante, o dossiê inclui artigos, depoimentos, ensaios, entrevista e uma seção com artes visuais e poemas, tudo isso expressando, de diferentes formas, nossas vivências, experiências transcendências e traumas na Pandemia do Covid-19. Tentamos incorporar a maior parte das contribuições submetidas, não exigindo titulação mínima, para abrirmos caminho para quem quisesse aqui se manifestar.

            Desejamos a nosso público uma boa leitura, que possa inspirar novas contribuições para a Feminismos.

            Saudações Feministas,

 

Equipe Editorial: Ângela Maria Freire de Lima e Souza, Cecilia Maria Bacellar Sardenberg, Josimara Delgado, Maíra Kubik Mano, Márcia Santana Tavares

 

Capa: Bordado de V. Raquel Silva Santos, Montagem de Maíra Kubik Mano
A CASA AGORA É CAMPUS: RECONFIGURAÇÕES DO TRABALHO DOMÉSTICO-FAMILIAR NA PANDEMIA DE COVID 19 NA VIVÊNCIA DE MULHERES ACADÊMICAS
Authors: Fernandes Talita Melgaço , Vielmo Paula , Pereira Chirlene Oliveira de Jesus , Marques Gabriela Cardoso Moreira , Ferreira Silvia Lúcia
Published: August 2022

A divisão sexual e racial do trabalho é tema de vasta discussão nos estudos de gênero, dada a sua importância para entender o posicionamento dos indivíduos nas relações sociais. Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar como a pandemia da COVID-19 reconfigurou o trabalho doméstico-familiar a partir das vivências de mulheres acadêmicas em relação às atividades de ensino, pesquisa e extensão. A metodologia utilizada foi a análise de conteúdo discursivo, na qual procura-se nos discursos quadros de sentido sobre dada realidade, no caso, a relação controversa entre covid-19 e vivência universitária remota, domiciliar. Analisam-se as três dimensões: ensino e aprendizado; pesquisa; e extensão. Identifica-se limites nada convencionais para este trabalho realizado no espaço doméstico, por força da pandemia, quando se mesclam o público e privado, manual e intelectual, reconfigurando estes espaços.
Hospital-Level Racial and Ethnic Segregation Among Medicare Beneficiaries Undergoing Common Surgical Procedures
Authors: Bonner Sidra N. , Kunnath Nicholas , Dimick Justin B. , Ibrahim Andrew M.
Published: August 2022

This cohort study uses Medicare fee-for-service claims data to assess hospital-level racial and ethnic segregation among beneficiaries undergoing common surgical procedures.
Heteromerization between α1B‐adrenoceptor and chemokine (C‐C motif) receptor 2 biases α1B‐adrenoceptor signaling: Implications for vascular function
Authors: Gao Xianlong , DeSantis Anthony J. , Enten Garrett A. , Weche McWayne , Marcet Jorge E. , Majetschak Matthias
Published: August 2022

Previously, we reported that chemokine (C‐C motif) receptor 2 (CCR2) heteromerizes with α1B‐adrenoceptor (α1B‐AR) in leukocytes, through which α1B‐AR controls CCR2. Whether such heteromers are expressed in human vascular smooth muscle cells (hVSMCs) is unknown. Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer confirmed formation of recombinant CCR2:α1b‐AR heteromers. Proximity ligation assays detected CCR2:α1B‐AR heteromers in hVSMCs and human mesenteric arteries. CCR2:α1B‐AR heteromerization per se enhanced α1B‐AR‐mediated Gαq‐coupling. Chemokine (C‐C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) binding to CCR2 inhibited Gαq activation via α1B‐AR, cross‐recruited β‐arrestin to and induced internalization of α1B‐AR in recombinant systems and in hVSMCs. Our findings suggest that CCR2 within CCR2:α1B‐AR heteromers biases α1B‐AR signaling and provide a mechanism for previous observations suggesting a role for CCL2/CCR2 in the regulation of cardiovascular function.
Disease Recapture Rates After Medication Discontinuation and Flare in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: An Observational Study Within the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry
Authors: Ringold Sarah , Dennos Anne C. , Kimura Yukiko , Beukelman Timothy , Shrader Peter , Phillips Thomas A. , Kohlheim Melanie , Schanberg Laura E. , Yeung Rae S. M. , Horton Daniel B. ,   the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry Investigators
Published: August 2022

Objective

Children with well‐controlled juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) frequently experience flares after medication discontinuation, but the outcomes of these flares have not been well described. The objective of this study was to characterize the rates and predictors of disease recapture among children with JIA who restarted medication to treat disease flare.

Methods

Children with JIA who discontinued conventional synthetic or biologic disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs for well‐controlled disease but subsequently experienced a flare and restarted medication were identified from the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) registry. The primary outcome was inactive disease (ID) (physician global assessment <1 and active joint count = 0) 6 months after flare.

Results

A total of 333 patients had complete data for ID at 6 months after flare. The recapture rate for the cohort was 55%, ranging from 47% (persistent oligoarthritis) to 69% (systemic arthritis) (P = 0.4). Approximately 67% of children achieved ID by 12 months. In the multivariable model, history and reinitiation of biologic drugs were associated with increased odds of successful recapture (odds ratio [OR] 4.79 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.22–18.78] and OR 2.74 [95% CI 1.62–4.63], respectively). Number of joints with limited range of motion was associated with decreased odds (OR 0.83 per 1 joint increase [95% CI 0.72–0.95]).

Conclusion

Approximately half of JIA flares post‐discontinuation were recaptured within 6 months, but rates of recapture varied across JIA categories. These findings inform shared decision‐making for patients, families, and clinicians regarding the risks and benefits of medication discontinuation. Better understanding of biologic predictors of successful recapture in JIA are needed.
Yield‐Stress and Creep Control Depot Formation and Persistence of Injectable Hydrogels Following Subcutaneous Administration
Authors: Jons Carolyn K. , Grosskopf Abigail K. , Baillet Julie , Yan Jerry , Klich John H. , Saouaf Olivia M. , Appel Eric A.
Published: August 2022

Hydrogels that can be injected into the body using standard needles or catheters enable a minimally invasive strategy to prolong local delivery of therapeutic cargo. In particular, physically cross‐linked hydrogels exhibit shear‐thinning and self‐healing behaviors enabling facile injectability and depot formation upon administration. While prior efforts to characterize these systems have focused on injectability and cargo release behaviors, prediction of cargo release in the body often assumes these materials form a depot rather than spreading out upon administration. Here, it is evaluated how hydrogel rheology correlates with depot formation and persistence following subcutaneous administration in mice with two physiochemically distinct, physically cross‐linked hydrogel systems. Calcium‐alginate and polymer‐nanoparticle hydrogel systems exhibit variable mechanical behaviors across several rheological properties (stiffness, viscoelasticity, yield stress, and creep). By relating measured rheological properties to depot formation and persistence time following subcutaneous administration, it is identified that yield stress is predictive of initial depot formation while creep is predictive of depot persistence for these two gel systems. Indeed, only materials with yield stresses >25 Pa form robust depots, and reduced creep correlates with longer depot persistence. These findings provide predictive insights into design considerations for hydrogel technologies capable of extended controlled release of therapeutic cargo.
Mechanically Stable All Flexible Supercapacitors with Fracture and Fatigue Resistance under Harsh Temperatures
Authors: Huang Jianren , Han Songjiu , Zhu Jundong , Wu Qirui , Chen Hongjie , Chen Anbang , Zhang Jiayu , Huang Bing , Yang Xiaoxiang , Guan Lunhui
Published: August 2022

For practical applications in the fields of aerospace and robotic engineering, flexible energy storage devices must be stable under environmental temperatures and different deformed situations. In this work, a mechanically stable supercapacitor (SC) at harsh ambient temperatures is synthesized by in situ polymerization of polyaniline(PANI) onto a double network hydrogel electrolyte from cross‐linked polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) and polyacrylamide/acrylic acid (PAM/AA) networks. The highly integrated structure endows the supercapacitor with unprecedented mechanical performance. The devices can endure 608% tensile strain and be stretched up to 50% without noticeable hysteresis, demonstrating fatigue and fracture resistance under thousands of cyclic loads. Benefiting from an all‐flexible configuration through seamless integration of the PANI electrode, the supercapacitor presents a high specific capacitance of 95.8 mF cm–2. It can also work as an all‐flexible device and maintain its stable output under complex deformations, even physical damages. Furthermore, the device delivers excellent environmental adaptability by steady electrochemical performance after operating at extreme temperatures from −60 to 100 °C. Such a versatile supercapacitor presents a potential application in integrated flexible electronic systems by powering functional devices in harsh environments.
Novel Application of Phosphorescent Material for Non‐Volatile Flash Photomemory and Artificial Photonic Synapse
Authors: Wiyanto Lukius Denny , You Bo‐Ju , Chiang Li‐Jen , Yang Dong‐Lin , Chen Jung‐Yao
Published: August 2022

Phosphorescent materials have received considerable attention in organic solar cells (OSCs) due to their long emission lifetime and inhibited geminate recombination. Motivated by its particular photophysical property, herein, the spatially addressable bis(2‐benzo[b]thiophen‐2‐ylpyridine)(acetylacetonate)iridium(III) (Ir(bt)2(acac))/polystyrene‐b‐poly(4‐vinylpyridine) (PS‐b‐P4VP) as a photoactive floating‐gate is first demonstrated to explore the application of phosphorescent material on the photo‐responsive characteristics of photomemory and artificial photonic synapse. By manipulating the interfacial area between Ir(bt)2(acac)/PS‐b‐P4VP and active channel by a solvent annealing process, an ON/OFF current ratio of 103 and a low programming time of 700 ms can be achieved. The current study addresses the exciton lifetime of photoactive material functions in photomemory and highlights the interfacial area between photoactive materials and charge‐carrier transporting materials in reducing photo‐programming time.
Advances in Colloidal Building Blocks: Toward Patchy Colloidal Clusters
Authors: Kim You‐Jin , Moon Jeong‐Bin , Hwang Hyerim , Kim Youn Soo , Yi Gi‐Ra
Published: August 2022

The scalable synthetic route to colloidal atoms has significantly advanced over the past two decades. Recently, colloidal clusters with DNA‐coated cores called “patchy colloidal clusters” have been developed, providing a directional bonding with specific angle of rotation due to the shape complementarity between colloidal clusters. Through a DNA‐mediated interlocking process, they are directly assembled into low‐coordination colloidal structures, such as cubic diamond lattices. Herein, the significant progress in recent years in the synthesis of patchy colloidal clusters and their assembly in experiments and simulations is reviewed. Furthermore, an outlook is given on the emerging approaches to the patchy colloidal clusters and their potential applications in photonic crystals, metamaterials, topological photonic insulators, and separation membranes.
Optothermally Programmable Liquids with Spatiotemporal Precision and Functional Complexity
Authors: Chen Xixi , Wu Tianli , Huang Danmin , Zhou Jiajia , Zhou Fengxiang , Tu Mei , Zhang Yao , Li Baojun , Li Yuchao , Jiang Lingxiang
Published: August 2022

Due to the intrinsic lack of spatial order and self‐supported shape, liquids are often incompatible with precision manufacturing/processing and are potentially limited for advanced functionality. Herein, an optothermal strategy is developed to fully command phase‐separated liquids with unprecedented spatiotemporal addressability. Specifically, a laser is focused onto an Au film to create a hot spot that locally demixes a temperature‐responsive solution to produce a single optothermal droplet. Spatial precision is assured by the well‐defined thermal field and temporal accuracy guaranteed by the fast heating and response rate. Time‐multiplexed laser foci are deployed to engineer the thermal landscape as desired, which in turn dictates the formation/dissolution, positioning, shaping, and dynamic reconfiguration of the phase‐separated liquids. Further, laser foci are programmed to orchestrate the liquid patterns in a time‐continuous manner to produce liquid animations on the microscale with high fidelity. While focused lasers are routinely used to manipulate solid particles or to microfabricate solid materials, the current strategy embraces the merits of liquids and features functional complexity in information encryption, payload transportation, and reaction localization. The strategy is further applicable in scenarios such as subcellular organization of biomolecular condensates and programmable modulation of non‐equilibrium systems.
Metal‐Free Site‐Selective Direct Oxidative Phosphorylation of Pyrazolones
Authors: Beukeaw Danupat , Rattanasupaponsak Napassawan , Kittikool Tanakorn , Phakdeeyothin Kunita , Phomphrai Khampee , Yotphan Sirilata
Published: August 2022

A substrate‐controlled site‐selective phosphorylation of pyrazolin‐5‐ones has been established under metal‐free direct oxidative coupling processes. A reaction between pyrazolones and secondary phosphonates in the presence of TBAI/TBHP combination could result in the N−P bond formation at N2 position. Meanwhile, the C−P bond coupling at C3 position could be obtained from a reaction of N2‐substituted pyrazolone substrates with secondary phosphine oxides using Selectfluor. These chemo‐ and regioselective metal‐free approaches proceed in fair to high yields under mild reaction conditions with good functional group compatibility.

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Furan Synthesis via Triplet Sensitization of Acceptor/Acceptor Diazoalkanes
Authors: Zhu Siqi , Li Fang , Empel Claire , Jana Sripati , Pei Chao , Koenigs Rene M.
Published: August 2022

Herein, we report on the photocatalytic reaction of acceptor/acceptor diazoalkanes with terminal alkynes. Experimental and computational studies suggest the formation of a key triplet carbene intermediate that undergoes an addition reaction to the alkyne followed by cyclization to give furan heterocycles (31 to 90% yield). This reaction was studied with a broad range of alkynes and acceptor/acceptor diazoalkanes and now provides access to furans under mild reaction conditions.

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Unraveling Structural Carboxyl Defects in g‐C3N4 for Improved Photocatalytic H2 Evolution via Alternating Hydrogen‐Oxygen‐Plasma Treatment
Authors: Chang Xijiang , Wang Daqian , Xu Shuchang , Zhang Zhihao , Xiong Ziying , Guo Ying , Kang Shifei
Published: August 2022

Structural defect‐endowed photocatalysts are being increasingly recognized due to the enhanced catalytic activity of multiple defect sites (e.g., vacancies or functional groups). However, because of the excessive destruction effect of conventional chemical oxidation methods toward carboxyl defects engineering, the mechanism is still unclear and practice is rare in developing high‐quality structural carboxyl defect‐involved g‐C3N4. Herein, an alternating hydrogen‐oxygen‐plasma treatment is proposed to endow the g‐C3N4 with enriched vacancy defect sites for the subsequent immobilization of carboxyl groups, thus overcoming the problem of lacking of covalent binding sites in g‐C3N4 in developing carboxyl defective g‐C3N4 photocatalysts. The alternating hydrogen‐oxygen‐plasma treatment does not only influence the defect structure of g‐C3N4, but also changes its morphology, optimizes the electronic distribution, and increases the separation efficiency of photogenerated electrons and holes, thereby increasing photocatalytic H2 evolution by 7.91 times. Density functional calculations and electrochemical characterization suggest that the carboxyl defects generated by the fast H2‐O2 plasma modification lead to a local asymmetric electron environment, which enhances carrier separation capability and significantly improves H2 generation activity. This study provides a new insight into the rational design and fabrication of defect‐containing photocatalysts, carbon materials, and polymers.
Doped Organic Micro‐Thermoelectric Coolers with Rapid Response Time
Authors: Wang Shu‐Jen , Wohlrab Steve , Reith Heiko , Berger Dietmar , Kleemann Hans , Nielsch Kornelius , Leo Karl
Published: August 2022

Local thermal management has important implications regarding comfort, energy consumption, and electronic device performance/lifetime. While organic thermoelectrics have emerged as promising materials for flexible thermoelectric energy harvesting devices, their potential as Peltier cooling element has been largely overlooked. Here, micro‐thermoelectric coolers based on doped small molecule thin‐films with a fast response time (around 25 µs) which is among the fastest micro‐thermoelectric coolers reported are presented. This experimental cooling performance is supported by simulation using the finite‐element method for thermal transport. The results show that organic thermoelectrics offer great potential for flexible and wearable micro‐thermoelectric cooling applications.
Thermodynamic Factor for Facilitating Homogeneous Dendrite Growth in Alkali Metal Batteries
Authors: Choi Gwanghyeon , Kim Youngoh , Choi Joonmyung , Kim Duho
Published: August 2022

This study suggests a critical factor that regulates (in)homogeneous growth based on an in‐depth understanding of three alkali metal ((AM): Li, Na, and K) models using unified‐multiscale atomistic calculations. The importance of AM disordered phases as a transition state is covered with a thermodynamic energy dataset using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, which indicates that the disordered‐phase energy level (DPEL) plays a decisive role in controlling the degree of non‐homogeneity during electrochemical deposition. Using the DFT‐assisted machine learning method, the DPEL‐related cohesive energy is investigated to understand in depth the energy level of disordered phase. Reliable molecular dynamics (MD) simulations systematically compare AM growth during charging. The results illustrate severely fluctuating morphologies including sharp tips in Li metal, whereas Na and K metals showed smooth surfaces. Finally, the transition state thermodynamics are explored using cross‐sectional AM growth models. Metallic Li is preferentially adsorbed on its crystalline phase rather than on grain boundaries comprising disordered phases, resulting in severe dendritic Li growth. However, these characteristics are rarely observed for K metal during the entire deposition process. Based on the growth mechanisms of the three types of AM models, DPEL poses a potentially universal design strategy for facilitating homogeneous lithium‐metal dendrite growth.
Cumulative loneliness and subsequent memory function and rate of decline among adults aged ≥50 in the United States, 1996 to 2016
Authors: Yu Xuexin , Westrick Ashly C. , Kobayashi Lindsay C.
Published: August 2022

Introduction

The study objective was to investigate the association between loneliness duration and memory function over a 20‐year period.

Methods

Data were from 9032 adults aged ≥50 in the Health and Retirement Study. Loneliness status (yes vs. no) was assessed biennially from 1996 to 2004 and its duration was categorized as never, 1 time point, 2 time points, and ≥3 time points. Episodic memory was assessed from 2004 to 2016 as a composite of immediate and delayed recall trials combined with proxy‐reported memory. Mixed‐effects linear regression models were fitted.

Results

A longer duration of loneliness was associated with lower memory scores (P < 0.001) and a faster rate of decline (P < 0.001). The association was stronger among adults aged ≥65 than those aged <65 (three‐way interaction P = 0.013) and was stronger among women than men (three‐way interaction P = 0.002).

Discussion

Cumulative loneliness may be a salient risk factor for accelerated memory aging, especially among women aged ≥65.

Highlight

A longer duration of loneliness was associated with accelerated memory aging.

The association was stronger among women than men and among older adults than the younger.

Reducing loneliness in mid‐ to late life may help maintain memory function.