bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN ANTARA RELIGIUSITAS DENGAN PERILAKU PROSOSIAL PADA REMAJA DI PERUMAHAN PATRIA JAYA
Authors: Arvianna Latania Fizikri , Mashabi Nurlaila Abdullah , Hasanah Uswatun
Published: May 2021

Perilaku merupakan tanggapan seseorang terhadap apa yang ada di sekitarnya. Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, terdapat berbagai macam perilaku salah satunya yaitu perilaku prososial. Perilaku prososial yaitu perilaku yang menekankan pada tindakan menolong dengan memperlihatkan kesejahteraan individu lain dengan tidak mementingkan diri sendiri. Perilaku prososial pada remaja dipengaruhi oleh berbagai macam hal, salah satunya yaitu religiusitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang hubungan antara religiusitas dengan perilaku prososial remaja. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Perumahan Patria Jaya Bekasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dengan pendekatan korelasional. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah remaja karang taruna usia 15-24 tahun dengan jumlah sampel sebesar 60 responden yang terdiri dari 37 orang perempuan dan 23 orang laki-laki. Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh. Pengumpulan data menggunakan skala Religiusitas (16 aitem) dan skala Perilaku Prososial (23 aitem). Uji hipotesis data yang digunakan adalah korelasi koefisien product moment dengan hasil yang disimpulkan r hitung >  r tabel yaitu sebesar 0,655 > 0,2542. Hasil uji t dengan taraf signifikan 0,05 diperoleh r hitung > r tabel yaitu 6,60 > 2,001, hasil ini menjelaskan bahwa terdapat korelasi positif dan hubungan yang signifikan antara hubungan religiusitas terhadap perilaku prososial remaja. Religiusitas memberikan sumbangan efektif dengan perilaku prososial sebesar 42,9%, sedangkan sisanya 57,1% ditentukan factor lain yang tidak diteliti.
SEED MEDIATED SYNTHESIS OF HEXAGONAL S-DOPED ZnO NANOROD AND ITS PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Authors: Rati Yolanda , Umar Akrajas Ali , Hamzah Yanuar , Rini Ari Sulistyo
Published: May 2021

Sulfur-doped zinc oxide (S-ZnO) nanorod has been successfully synthesized via the seed-mediated hydrothermal method with different sulfur concentrations (0%, 1%, 2.5%). This research aims to study the influence of the concentration of sulfur on the structure, morphology, and optical properties of ZnO as a promising material in a wide range of applications.  Crystal structure, morphology, and optical properties of the samples were characterized using  X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Electron Scanning Microscopy (FESEM), and UV-Vis Spectroscopy, respectively. The XRD pattern shows the strongest peak at 2θ = 34.43° for crystal orientation of (002). The crystallinity properties of the S-ZnO sample are higher compared to the ZnO sample.  The FESEM images of the 1% S-ZnO sample exhibit the highest nanorod density arrangement. The optical absorbance of the higher sulfur dopant possesses a higher optical absorption peak on the UV-Vis spectrum. The results indicate that S doping to ZnO can alter the structural, morphological, and optical properties of ZnO.
Legal Framework of Agricultural Land/Holding Succession and Acquisition in Slovenia
Authors: Avsec Franci
Published: May 2021

Agricultural land legislation in Slovenia contains extensive special provisions that directly regulate the legal transfer of agricultural land and holdings inter vivos and mortis causa, including inheritance. Additionally, some measures within the common agricultural policy (such as financial support for the takeover of farms by young farmers) and tax policies (exemptions) provide incentives or alleviations for certain legal transactions involving the transfer of agricultural land and holdings. Among special provisions on  the transfer of agricultural land and holdings, those relating to a statutory preemption right and a statutory priority right to lease agricultural land have the longest continuity (from the late 1950s). The holders of these priority rights must meet certain requirements and range in several priority classes. At first, agricultural organisations as legal persons had better priority rights than farmers. In 1990, the priority order was reversed by placing individual farmers before legal persons, individual agricultural entrepreneurs, and the National Agricultural Land and Forest Fund (NALFF). In 1973, the agricultural land legislation prohibited the division of certain middle-sized family farms (protected farms) through inheritance (mortis causa) and later (1986), also inter vivos, (with certain exceptions). The Agricultural Land Act and the Forests Act also restrict the division of certain agricultural or forest land plots. The draft acts of 2019 and 2020 prepared by the Ministry of Agriculture foresee important changes of the agricultural land policy, including  the priority order between the statutory preemption rights and  the removal of a general restriction on the division of protected farms inter vivos.
The applicability of Parsons’ action system to the food system
Authors: Csirszki Martin Milán
Published: May 2021

In this paper Talcott Parsons’ systems theory is applied to the food system. After the introduction of the basic categories of the food system, the main elements of Parsons’ theory are drawn up. Then, the detailed analysis takes place on three abstraction levels: within the general paradigm of human condition, the action system and the social system. During the analysis, two conclusions are formulated: one of them is in connection with the correction of abstraction levels concerning the food system, the other one creates the classes of the food system that can be corresponded to the four Parsonsian functions. In the end of the study, a final conclusion is formulated.
Analysis of Indian and Canadian Laws on Biofertilizers
Authors: Arjjumend Hasrat , Koutouki Konstantia
Published: May 2021

Biofertilizers are known to be effective green alternatives to chemical fertilizers. Biofertilizers are regulated under the Fertilizer (Control) Order, 1985 in India and the Fertilizers Regulations (C.R.C., c. 666) of the Fertilizers Act, 1985 in Canada. The laws in both countries originally evolved to regulate chemical fertilizers; however, appropriate amendments have been made to accommodate biofertilizers and organic fertilizers in India, and organic fertilizers in Canada. Yet there have been no critical analyses of the laws and regulations governing the manufacture, business, transport, storage, use and disposal of biofertilizers in India and Canada. This article seeks to understand the different legal provisions of the Indian and Canadian laws regulating biofertilizers. The legal analysis is based on dialectical, qualitative and comparative legal research, as well as gap analysis. This study not only identifies the legal gaps existing in the Indian and Canadian frameworks, but also suggests ways forward to avoid bottlenecks impeding the entry into the market and free trade of biofertilizers.
The Russian women’s movement: the creation of the balance model of interaction between government and women’s initiatives
Authors: Khasbulatova Olga , Smirnova Inna
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to the underexplored problem of interaction between government and women’s initiatives in modern Russia. The conceptual frameworks of the interaction balance between government and women’s initiatives as part of civil society are developed. Here the balance is understood as a system of indicators. Furthermore, there are conditions under which the system of indicators provides the balance in the process of engagement between government and women’s movement. The aspects of the balance of interaction and factors that contribute to the formation of the balance are analyzed. The key role of the development of the balance framework of interaction between government and women’s movement, namely the balance of development cooperation, the balance of reciprocal services, the balance of engagement between parties’ interests, are also noted. The factors that contribute to the balance of interaction between government and women’s initiatives, namely the establishment of the institutional mechanism for gender equality, the gender balance at all levels of government, the implementation of the objective on the agenda of political parties, overcoming disunity of women’s movement, the development of women’s initiatives to support women’s self-employment and women’s self-help groups, the gender education to the population in general, are formulated. The formation process of the balance between government and women’s initiatives is perceived within the context of functioning of the contemporary women’s movement in Russia.
The issues of maternity and childhood protection in the zemstvo medical practice in the late XIX — early XX c. (On the materials of Saratov region)
Authors: Kitsenko Olga , Kitsenko Roman
Published: May 2021

The protection of motherhood and childhood occupied a significant place in the zemstvo medical practice of the late XIX — early XX c. It was “zemsky” doctors who were first to investigate the risk factors for maternal and child health in a Russian village. These included, first of all, the imperfect system of obstetrics, the incorrect feeding of infants, and the prevalence of acute childhood infections. For the protection of the health of the mother and child, work has been directed to organize skilled obstetric care, establish nursery-shelters, prevent acute childhood infections, support breastfeeding, and prevent orphanhood. At the same time, a number of zemstvo medico-social programs (organization of obstetric centers, nurseryshelters) were ineffective. The reasons for these failures were cultural traditions, peculiarities of the economic system, and the poverty of the Russian peasantry. More significant success was achieved in the prevention of acute childhood infections, medical care for pupils of rural schools and orphans. With the help of serum therapy, zemstvo doctors were able to reduce mortality from diphtheria. In addition, a vaccine against scarlet fever was being tested in Saratov region. The establishment of permanent medical supervision of children in Saratov orphanage resulted in 20—30 % mortality reduction. Many initiatives of zemstvo doctors: support of breastfeeding, prevention of orphanhood, mass immunization are being used in modern maternity and childhood protection systems.
Wintertime snow and precipitation conditions in the Willow Creek watershed above Ririe Dam, Idaho
Authors: Giovando Jeremy , Engel Chandler , Daly Steven , Warner Michael , Hamill Daniel , Heisman Evan
Published: May 2021

The Ririe Dam and Reservoir project is located on Willow Creek near Idaho Falls, Idaho, and is important for flood risk reduction and water supply. The current operating criteria is based on fully storing a large winter runoff event. These winter runoff events are generally from large storm events, termed atmospheric rivers, which produce substantial precipitation. In addition to the precipitation, enhanced runoff is produced due to frozen soil and snowmelt. However, the need for additional water supply by local stakeholders has prompted the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to seek to better understand the current level of flood risk reduction provided by Ririe Dam and Reservoir. Flood risk analysis using hydrologic modeling software requires quantification of the probability for all of the hydrometeorologic inputs. Our study develops the precipitation, SWE, and frozen ground probabilities that are required for the hydrologic modeling necessary to quantify the current winter flood risk.
PENGKAYAAN VITAMIN DAN MINYAK IKAN PADA RAGI ROTI SEBAGAI PAKAN Brachionus plicatilis YANG DIBERIKAN DENGAN METODE TETES
Authors: Sukiandi S , Diniarti Nanda , Lestari Dewi Putri
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTThe Brachionus plicatilis is a type of zooplankton that plays a vital role in the animal feed of the various kinds of fish held in water. The advantages of Brachionus plicatilis are a very small feed, slow swimming, easy to be eaten by larvae and relatively short time cultures, high repruductive rates, high nutritional content, leaven in on alternative kind of food for the Brachionus plicatilis it is generally confused when phytoplankton in insufficient. Yeast is a culture food that can be enriched with a scoott emulsion, vitamins B12, Vitamins C is essential for  growth and survival. One of the leaven given cultivation of the Brachionus plicatilis is a leaven of bread. However, it is not known clearly about the proper concentration of yeast in the culture of Brachionus plicatilis,this study is aimed at deducing the effects of the leaven that Scoott emulsion, vitamin C and Vitamin B12 drip methods used on the density of Brachionus plicatilis. The study was cirried out in June 2020, located in the hydromining research Laboratory, the University of Mataram. Research USES a completely random design where that treatment is usedP1(without leaven), P2 (0.3 gram), P3 (0.6 gram), P4 (0.9 gram), P5 (1.2 gram). The best got at treatment P5 with a concentration of 1.2 gram is the best treatment to produce much density 524 cell/mL.Keywords: Brachionus plicatilis, Drop Method, baker yeast, Scoot emulsion,and VitaminABSTRAKBrachionus plicatilis merupakan jenis zooplankton yang berperan penting sebagai pakan hidup bagi berbagai jenis ikan yang dibudiayakan. Keunggulan Brachionus plicatilis sebagai pakan adalah ukuran sangat kecil, berenang lambat sehingga mudah untuk dimangsa oleh larva dan waktu kultur relatif singkat, laju reproduksi tinggi, kandungan gizi cukup tinggi. Ragi merupakan jenis pakan alternatif bagi Brachionus plicatilis yang umumnya digunakan apabila kultur fitoplankton tidak mencukupi. Ragi rotimerupakan jenis pakan kulturyang dapat diperkaya dengan scoott emulsion, Vitamin B12 dan vitamin C sangat dibutuhkan untuk pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidupnya. Akan tetapi, belum diketahui secara jelas mengenai konsentrasi ragi rotiyang tepat dalam kultur pada Brachionus plicatilis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyimpulkanpengaruh pemberian ragi roti yang diperkaya Scoott emulsion, vitamin C dan vitamin B12 metode tetes terhadap kepadatan Brachionus plicatilis.Penelitian dilaksanakan pada tanggal 30 juni sampai 6 juli 2020, bertempat di Laboratorium  Program Studi Budidaya Perairan, Universitas Mataram.Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dimanaperlakuan yang digunakan yaitu  P1 (tanpa ragi), P2 (0.3 gram), P3 (0.6 gram), P4 (0.9 gram), P5 (1.2 gram).  Hasil yang terbaik didapatkanpada perlakuan P5 dengan konsentrasi ragi 1.2 grammerupakan perlakuan terbaik dengan menghasilkan kepadatan sebanyak 524sel/mL.Kata Kunci: Brachionus plicatilis, Metode Tetes, Ragi Roti, Scoot emulsion,dan Vitamin
Empirical and Statistical Comparison of Intermediate Steps of AES-128 and RSA in Terms of Time Consumption
Authors: Pranav Prashant , Dutta Sandip , Chakraborty Soubhik
Published: May 2021

Cryptographic algorithms are composed of many complex mathematical functions. When analyzing the complexity of these algorithms, one fixes priory the overall complexity of the algorithm as the complexity of the most dominating operations for a group of operations. Generally, it is the count of this operation which determines the complexity of the algorithm in case of compounding operations. We have instead used the weight factor to determine the complexity of an algorithm with many operating functions working simultaneously and have taken time of the operation as a measure of the weight factor. We statistically analyze the two most used operations in RSA, namely "power" and "mod" through a method of revised difference to compare if these are statistically similar or dissimilar. We have also calculated the empirical computational complexity of these two operations through the fundamental theorem of finite differences to verify whether these operations are statistically dissimilar and if so then which of the two is dominant. We have also analyzed empirically the complexity of each of the four sub-steps involved in the encryption and decryption of AES-128, to determine which operation dominates the most and consumes most of the time in an overall run time of AES-128.
Correlation between semen examination based on the WHO criteria and sperm DNA fragmentation test
Authors: Okubo Tsuyoshi , Onda Noriyuki , Hayashi Teruaki , Omi Kenji , Segawa Tomoya
Published: May 2021

In this study, we performed and analyzed the DFI test and semen test based on the WHO criteria and compared the two using semen factors. DFI tests and general semen tests were conducted in accordance with the WHO criteria, and correlations between the two tests were investigated. The WHO criteria were set as the cutoff value for each of the following factors: fluid volume, concentration, motility, and normal morphology, and compared with the DFI results. The subjects had a mean DFI of 15.6 ± 11.5% and the DFI increased with age. In contrast, the concentration, motility, and normal morphology decreased as the DFI increased. Patients who satisfied the WHO criteria in terms of sperm concentration, motility, and normal morphology had a significantly lower DFI than the group that did not satisfy the criteria. Therefore, evaluation with a general semen test based on the WHO criteria should be regarded as a qualitative evaluation of all factors other than fluid volume. Male infertility due to sperm DNA fragmentation should be suspected when in vitro fertilization (IVF) results are poor despite normal semen findings based on the WHO criteria. The results of this study suggest that the DFI test may be an important evaluation in follow-up semen analyses.
Data Optimization in IoT-Assisted Sensor Networks on Cloud Platform
Authors: Suseendran G. , Akila D. , Pal Souvik , Sarkar Bikramjit , Aly Ayman A. , Le Dac-Nhuong
Published: May 2021

This article presents a new scheme for data optimization in IoT assister sensor networks. The various components of IoT assisted cloud platform are discussed. In addition, a new architecture for IoT assisted sensor networks is presented. Further, a model for data optimization in IoT assisted sensor networks is proposed. A novel Membership inducing Dynamic Data Optimization (MIDDO) algorithm for IoT assisted sensor network is proposed in this research. The proposed algorithm considers every node data and utilized membership function for the optimized data allocation. The proposed framework is compared with two stage optimization, dynamic stochastic optimization and sparsity inducing optimization and evaluated in terms of performance ratio, reliability ratio, coverage ratio and sensing error. It was inferred that the proposed MIDDO algorithm achieves an average performance ratio of 76.55%, reliability ratio of 94.74%, coverage ratio of 85.75% and sensing error of 0.154.
Sjögren's Syndrome in Children: About 15 Cases in Guinea Conakry
Authors: Condé Kaba , Guelngar Carlos Othon , Barry Mamadou Ciré , Atakla Hugues Ghislain , Mohamed Awada , Cissé Fodé
Published: May 2021

Objectives- Sjögren's syndrome is difficult to diagnose in the African context. It is rarely reported in children in Black Africa. We report a series of 15 cases of Sjögren’s syndrome in order to clarify the particularities of this condition in children.Methods- This 2-year retrospective study focused on children under 16 years of age with a male predominance who were followed for AS in the rheumatology and pediatrics departments. Patient data were collected and analyzed using STATA/SE version 11.2 software. Anonymity and respect for ethical rules were the norm. There was no link between patients and researchers.Results- The average age of the patients was 11 years with extremes of 5 to 15 years. An anamnesis revealing dry mouth was found in more than half of the cases, i.e. in 10 (66.7%) patients. The clinical examination found oral ulceration and periodontitis in equal proportions, i.e. 6 (40%). The immunological assessment and the biopsy of the accessory salivary glands were used as diagnostic evidence in the 15 patients according to the American-European criteria of 2002.Conclusion- Sjögren's syndrome is a rare entity in pediatrics. It is difficult to diagnose in pediatrics and its severity is linked to the occurrence of visceral and lymphomatous late dry syndrome. Rapid diagnosis and the use of a synthetic antimalarial drug (Hydroxychloroquine) increases the hope of a cure.
Volumetric comparative analysis of anatomy through far-lateral approach: surgical space and exposed tissues
Authors: Tang Ke , Xu Feng , Yuan Xiaodong , Li Yang , Chen Xinyue
Published: May 2021

Background
The three-dimensional (3D) visualization model has ability to quantify the surgical anatomy of far-lateral approach. This study was designed to disclose the relationship between surgical space and exposed tissues in the far-lateral approach by the volumetric analysis of 3D model.
Methods
The 3D skull base models were constructed using MRI and CT data of 15 patients (30 sides) with trigeminal neuralgia. Surgical corridors of the far-lateral approach was simulated by triangular pyramids to represent two surgical spaces exposing bony and neurovascular tissues. Volumetric comparison of surgical anatomy was performed using pair t test.
Results
The morphometric results were almost the same in the two surgical spaces except the vagus nerve (CN X) exposed only in one corridor. Whereas, the volumetric comparison represented the statistical significant differences of surgical space, and bony and neurovascular tissues involved in the two corridors (P༜0.001). The differences of bony and neurovascular tissuesfailed to equal the difference of surgical space.
Conclusions
For far-laterl approach, the increase of exposure for the bony and neurovascular tissues is not necessarilymatched with the increase of surgical space. The volumetric comparative analysis is helpful to provide more detailed anatomical information in the surgical design.
Olanzapine 5mg vs 10mg for the Prophylaxis of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting – A Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chow Ronald , Navari Rudolph M , Terry Bryan , DeAngelis Carlo , Prsic Elizabeth
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Olanzapine administered at a 10mg dosage for prophylaxis of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting may be associated with fatigue, drowsiness and reduced general activity. Therefore, a 5mg dose may be preferred, to reduce the occurrence of adverse events. The aim of this study was to conduct a network meta-analysis, and report on the efficacy of olanzapine administered at 5mg, relative to when administered at 10 mg. Methods: We used previously-published data from the systematic review by Chow et al which identified 17 adult trials which used 10mg doses, 3 which used 5mg doses, and 1 which used a mix of 5 and 10mg doses. A multivariate network meta-analysis using a restricted maximum likelihood model was used. Results: The complete response rate in the acute phase is not statistically different, between 5mg and 10mg doses of olanzapine – RR 0.97, 95% CI: 0.83 – 1.13. Additionally, in the overall phase, 5mg olanzapine is similarly as efficacious as 10mg olanzapine – RR 0.95, 95% CI: 0.56 – 1.60. Evaluation of data demonstrated that there was inadequate information to compare the toxicities of the two doses. Conclusion: Our analyses support individual published trials, and the rationale for future trials to compare 5mg to 10mg olanzapine regimens in head-to-head comparisons.
Exogenous melatonin regulates chromium stress induced feedback inhibition of photosynthesis and antioxidative protection in Brassica napus cultivars
Authors: Ayyaz Ahsan , Farooq Ahsan , Zafar Zafar Ullah , Rahman Habib ur
Published: May 2021

Developing heavy metal chromium (Cr) tolerant cultivars is mainly constrained due to poor knowledge of the mechanism behind Cr stress tolerance. In the present study, available germplasm of Brassica napus (canola) was screened out for Cr stress tolerance using Dual-PAM-100 and biochemical attributes and used to selected one Cr stress tolerant (Ac-Excel) and one sensitive (DGL) under melatonin (MT) treatments for further studies. Plant oxidative enzymes and PSII activity were found to be key physiological discriminating factors. Changes in PSII and PSI efficiency, oxidative damage, higher proline content and antioxidants were further evaluated in selected Cr tolerant and sensitive cultivars. Cr stress reduced PSII efficacy and ETC in both canola cultivars. MT application increased NPQ and Y(NPQ), higher increase in NPQ and Y(NPQ) were observed in Cr stress tolerant cv AC-Excel, indicating that the MT treated tolerant cultivar have higher excitation of PSII by more heat dissipation via photo-protective component of NPQ under Cr stress. Reduced PSI efficiency and increased donor end limitation of PSI in both canola cultivars further confirmed the downregulation of electron transport from PSII. However, Cr stress sensitive cv DGL had poor efficacy to manage over-excitation of PSII via buildup of Y(NPQ) through increased oxidative stress. Tolerant cultivar exhibited higher proline content and antioxidant enzymes activity than Cr sensitive cultivar. Overall, MT induced tolerance in canola cultivars can be related to PSII activity, Y(NPQ), and antioxidants potential which can be effectively used for canola cultivars selection under Cr stress.
Bladder malignant granular cell tumor with EP300 gene mutation: a case report and literature review
Authors: Huang Jian , Zhu Di , Ren Xinle , Huang Bing
Published: May 2021

Background Malignant granular cell tumor (GCT) is extremely rare. Malignant GCT with EP300 gene mutation in the bladder has not been reported in the literature. Case presentation We report a special case of 45 years old female with malignant GCT of the bladder. Physical examination found a pelvic mass in the patient. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a huge mass between the posterior wall of the bladder, the cervix, and the anterior wall of the vagina. Pathological examination showed that the mass was 11×11×4.5cm in size, involved in the bladder's posterior wall. Under the microscope, the tumor cells were arranged in the shape of a nest or cord to infiltrate the bladder's wall. The tumor cells were pleomorphic, red-stained granular within the cytoplasm, with increased nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio, vacuolar nuclei, and obvious nucleoli. The tumor cells were showed obvious nuclear atypia, and the mitosis was more than 5/50HPF. Coagulative necrosis was widely showed within the tumor. Immunohistochemistry(IHC) showed that S-100, NSE, CD68, CR, α-AT, and TFE-3 were strongly positive, and the Ki-67 proliferation index was around 15%. The next-generation high throughput sequencing indicated that EP300 gene was missense mutated (c.457A>G) with 33% mutation abundance, and genes of DPYD(c.1627A>G),ERCC1( c.354T>C),NQO1(c.559C>T),TPMT(c.719A>G) and XRCC1(c.1196A>G) were polymorphic mutated. The patient died after three months of the second surgical treatment. Conclusions We report for the first time a primary bladder malignant GCM accompanied by mutations in special driving genes such as EP300. We also conducted a comprehensive literature review and an in-depth discussion.
Lymphoblastic lymphoma in two young siblings (coincidence or genetics?): a case report
Authors: Hassan Naya Talal , Makhoul Ebrahim , Sallameh Jaafar , Ghanem Abdulmunem , Rajab Samer , Ali Waseem , Alshehabi Zuheir
Published: May 2021

Background: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is the fourth most common malignancy in children and it is not considered to be a hereditary disorder. However, it could affect members from the same family.Case presentation: We are presenting two cases of Caucasian female siblings who were diagnosed with mediastinal lymphoblastic lymphoma in the same year. The two young females were presented to the emergency department with respiratory symptoms. After doing radiological investigations and biopsies, the diagnosis of lymphoblastic lymphoma was done. The elder sister died before confirming the diagnosis, and the other one is on chemotherapy now and the treatment outcomes is good.Conclusions: This case emphasize the crucial role of precursor genetics in lymphoblastic lymphomas and suggesting the strong relation between those genetics and the age of symptoms presentation. This is the first report of non-Hodgkin siblings pair in the pediatric population.
In vitro organogenesis and plant regeneration of Passiflora xishuangbannaensis, a species with extremely small populations
Authors: Meng Yuan-yuan , Song Shi-jie , Landrein Sven
Published: May 2021

Passiflora xishuangbannaensis (Passifloraceae) is endemic to a few sites of Mengyang nature reserve in Yunnan, Xishuangbanna and less than 40 individuals have been recorded. Nine Passiflora species are endemic to Yunnan with most species occurring in South America, making P. xishuangbannaensis highly significant and emblematic to the conservation work in the region. This study is designed to provide the first protocol for in vitro organogenesis and plant regeneration for ex situ conservation and reintroduction for an Asian Passiflora species. Using internodes, petioles and tendrils we optimize calli formation and root elongation using several plant growth regulators, individually or in combination. We also assess the genetic stability of regenerated cells. The maximum callus induction and shoot bud differentiation were both achieved on half Murashige and Skoog basal medium supplemented with 4.44 µM 6-Benzylaminopurine and 1.08 µM 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid. The best rooting was achieved from 30 days old, regenerated shoots on half Murashige and Skoog basal medium supplemented with 1.08 µM 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid. Micropropagated plants were subjected to inter simple sequence repeat markers analyses. Collectively, 86 bands were generated from 6 primers of which 12 bands were polymorphic, showing genetic variation between the regenerated plantlets and the original plant. Response to plant growth regulators was more specific than most other studies using South American species, which could be explained by the morphological and physiological differences between South American and Asian Passiflora species
A new point mutation in SIX1 causes Branchio-oto syndrome, thymoma and pure red cell aplasia via mitochondrial apoptosis
Authors: Sun Runjie , Pisano Michael , Gao Yi , Sun Fumou , Shi Jin , Xu Jie , Dong Xueyan , Zheng Wei , Zhang Yanyu , Sun Xiaoqi , Cui Xing
Published: May 2021

A patient was admitted to the hospital with thymoma, branchio-oto syndrome and pure red aplastic anemia. He had both Six1 and mitochondrial mutations. The Six1 gene has been linked to branchio-oto-renal spectrum disorder and malignant tumors. Additionally, mitochondrial mutations are known to cause anemia as well. To this end, we designed experiments to explore the relationship between Six1 mutations, mitochondrial function and these diseases. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was used for gene detection, and transfected 293T cells were used for in vitro experiments. CCK-8 and flow cytometry were used to detect cell proliferation, cell cycle stage and apoptotic populations. Caspase-3 activity was used as an apoptosis indicator. The effects on mitochondria were examined by ROS and JC-1. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of Bcl-2, Bax and cleaved caspase-3. WES revealed a Six1c.374A > G point mutation in the proband and deaf members of his family, as well as, a mitochondrial mutation (ND3) in the proband. 293T cells transfected with Six1 were used as the WT group, the Six1c.374A > G transfection group was used as the MUT group, and the untransfected 293T cells were used as the NC group. A CCK-8 test found that the cell proliferation rates were reduced both in the WT group and the MUT group, and MUT group cells were found to be blocked in S-phase. Due to these findings, apoptosis was investigated. Following investigation, increased levels of ROS, caspase-3 activity and cleaved caspase-3 were detected in WT and MUT groups. Following these results, mitochondrial function was measured. The level of mitochondrial membrane potential in WT and MUT groups was decreased significantly. Western blot showed that and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio decreased. Six1c.374A > G point mutation can affect cell proliferation through increased apoptosis controlled by the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. This could be the cause of the patient's pure red cell aplasia.
The Perils of a “My Work Here is Done” Perspective: A Mixed Methods Evaluation of Sustainment of an Intervention to Improve Quality of Transient Ischemic Attack Care
Authors: Bravata Dawn M , Miech Edward J , Myers Laura J , Perkins Anthony J , Zhang Ying , Rattray Nicholas A , Baird Sean A , Penney Lauren S , Austin Charles , Damush Teresa M
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND Sustaining quality improvement has been recognized as a key implementation challenge. The objectives of this study were to evaluate sustainment during the implementation of a novel quality improvement intervention for Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) across six geographically diverse medical centers and to identify specific factors contributing to sustainment. METHODS The PREVENT study was a five-year, stepped-wedge implementation trial at six US Department of Veterans Affairs sites; active implementation was initiated in three waves, with two facilities per wave. Six control sites were matched to each of the six PREVENT active implementation sites (total number of control sites was 36). Mixed methods were used to assess change in quality of care from baseline to active implementation to sustainment (measured by the “without-fail rate” and to identify factors which promoted or hindered sustainment. RESULTS The without-fail rate at PREVENT sites improved from 36.7% at baseline to 54.0% during active implementation and settled to 48.3% during sustainment. At control sites, the without-fail rate improved from 38.6% at baseline to 41.8% during active implementation and remained steady at 43.0% during sustainment. Changes in quality of care during sustainment varied across PREVENT sites: the without-fail rate improved at three sites, declined at two sites, and remained unchanged at one site. In adjusted analyses, although the without-fail rate improved at PREVENT sites compared with control sites during active implementation, no statistically significant difference in quality between intervention and control sites was identified during the sustainment phase. Factors that promoted sustainment were integration of key processes of care into routine practice and establishing systems for reflecting and evaluating on performance data to plan quality improvement activities or respond to changes in quality. Challenges during sustainment included competing demands from new facility quality priorities, low patient volume, and potential problems with coding impairing use of performance data. CONCLUSIONS Facilities seeking to sustain evidence-based practices while embodying the Learning Healthcare System’s core values can harness the combined power of staff and data systems by embedding quality improvement processes within routine care and establishing systems for reviewing and reflecting upon performance data.TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02769338
Automatic diagnosis and biopsy classification with dynamic Full-Field OCT and machine learning
Authors: Thouvenin Olivier , Scholler Jules , Mandache Diana , Mathieu Marie Christine , Lakhdar Aïcha Ben , Darche Marie , Monfort Tual , Boccara Claude , Olivo-Marin Jean-Christophe , Grieve Kate , Yedid Vannary Meas , Guillaume Emilie Benoit a la
Published: May 2021

The adoption of emerging imaging technologies in the medical community is often hampered if they provide a new unfamiliar contrast that requires experience to be interpreted. Here, in order to facilitate such integration, we developed two complementary machine learning approaches, respectively based on feature engineering and on convolutional neural networks (CNN), to perform automatic diagnosis of breast biopsies using dynamic full field optical coherence tomography (D-FF-OCT) microscopy. This new technique provides fast, high resolution images of biopsies with a contrast similar to H&E histology, but without any tissue preparation and alteration. We conducted a pilot study on 51 breast biopsies, and more than 1,000 individual images, and performed standard histology to obtain each biopsy diagnosis. Using our automatic diagnosis algorithms, we obtained an accuracy above 88% at the image level, and above 96% at the biopsy level. Finally, we proposed different strategies to narrow down the spatial scale of the automatic segmentation in order to be able to draw the tumor margins by drawing attention maps with the CNN approach, or by performing high resolution precise annotation of the datasets. Altogether, these results demonstrate the high potential of D-FF-OCT coupled to machine learning to provide a rapid, automatic, and accurate histopathology diagnosis.
Geographic distance and vegetation structure rather than river barrier drive ant beta diversity across Central Amazonia
Authors: Guilherme Diego Rodrigues , Pequeno Pedro Aurélio Costa Lima , Baccaro Fabrício Beggiato , Franklin Elizabeth , Neto Cláudio Rabelo dos Santos , de Souza Jorge Luiz Pereira
Published: May 2021

To understand better the effects of niche and neutral processes is important to disentangle the direct and indirect effects of each process, mainly if the environmental factors are geographically structured neglecting important indirect and synergic effects. We sampled ground-dwelling ant species on 126 plots distributed across eight sampling sites along a broad environmental gradient in Central Amazonia. Structural equation modelling was employed to quantify direct and indirect effects of geographic distance, the Amazon River’s opposite margins, and environmental differences in temperature, precipitation and vegetation structure (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) on ant beta diversity (Jaccard’s dissimilarity). We found that geographic distance and NDVI differences had major direct effects on ant beta diversity. The major effect of temperature was indirect through NDVI, whereas precipitation had no detectable effect on beta diversity. The Amazon River had a weak influence on the ant composition dissimilarity. Our results challenge the major role often ascribed to riverine barriers in the diversification and distribution of Amazonian biota. Rather, ant compositional dissimilarity seems to be mainly driven by a combination of dispersal limitation and selection imposed by vegetation features and, indirectly, by temperature. We suggest that as NDVI differences decrease with geographic distance in the region, isolation by distance may have favoured phenotypic convergence between ant communities in the northern and southern borders of the Amazon Basin.
One-dimensional defective photonic crystal as a high-performance sensor for bacterial water-borne
Authors: Aly Arafa H , Mohamed Doaa , Awasthi Suneet K , Matar Zaineb S , Tamam Mohammed
Published: May 2021

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Two-stage particle separation channel based on standing wave surface acoustic wave
Authors: Chen Xueye , Zhang Yaolong
Published: May 2021

Microfluidic technology has great advantages in the precise manipulation of micro and nano particles, and the collection method of micro and nano particles based on ultrasonic standing waves has attracted much attention for its high efficiency and simplicity of structure. This paper proposes a two-stage particle separation channel using ultrasound. In the microfluidic channel, two different sound pressure regions are used to achieve the separation of particles with positive acoustic contrast factors. Through numerical simulation, the performance of three common piezoelectric substrate materials was compared qualitatively and quantitatively, and it was found that the output sound pressure intensity of 128°YX-LiNbO3 was high and the output was stable. At the same time, the influence of the number of electrode pairs of the interdigital transducer and the electrode voltage on the output sound wave is studied. Finally, 15 pairs of electrode pairs are selected, and the electrode voltages of the two sound pressure regions are 2.0V and 3.0V respectively. After selecting the corresponding parameters, the separation process was numerically simulated, and the separation of three kinds of particles was successfully achieved. This work has laid a certain theoretical foundation for rapid disease diagnosis and real-time monitoring of the environment in practical applications.
Threatened salmon rely on a rare life history strategy in a modified and warming landscape
Authors: Cordoleani Flora , Phllis Corey , Sturrock Anna , FitzGerald Alyssa , Whitman George , Malkassian Anthony , Weber Peter , Johnson Rachel
Published: May 2021

Rare phenotypes and behaviors adopted by only few individuals in a population are often overlooked, yet they may serve a heightened role for many organisms coping with warming climates. In threatened spring-run Chinook salmon spawning at the edge of the species range (Central Valley, CA USA), late-migrating juveniles were critical to cohort success in years characterized by multi-year droughts and ocean heatwaves. Late migrants rely on cool over-summer river temperatures, and are thus increasingly rare due to the combined effects of warming and dam construction. Yet our results suggest, the further loss of this within-population diversity could have critical impacts to their persistence in a warming climate. Our modeling predicts that thermally appropriate river conditions to support this phenotype will shrink rapidly in the future, and will primarily occur above impassable dams. Importantly, while late migrants dominated returns in some years, interannual variability in individual growth rates and migratory strategies suggests the importance of portfolio effects for these at-risk populations. Reconnecting and maintaining diverse habitat mosaics to support phenotypic and phenological diversity will be integral to the long term persistence of this species.
Desmoplastic fibroma of the left 6th rib in a 35-year-old man: a case report and literature review
Authors: Zhang Kai , Weibin Wu , Jiexia Guan , Yonghui Wu , Huiguo Chen , Xiaojun Li , Lijia Gu , Jian Zhang
Published: May 2021

Background: Desmoplastic fibroma (DF) is a rare, benign tumor. The most common sites are the long tubular bones and mandible. Although generally considered a benign tumor, it can invade surrounding tissues and has a high rate of local recurrence after incomplete surgical excision. However, there is currently no stantard treatment. Here we present a novel case of DF in the left 6th rib in a 35-year-old man.Case presentation: The man presented to our center with left chest pain and swelling. Enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed a 4.5×2.0 cm mass on the left 6th rib with pathological fracture.Wide resection was performed. Open biopsy revealed that the tumor destroyed medullary cavity and partially broke through the bone cortex. Pathologically, the tumor was composed of spindle-shaped cells arranging in a woven pattern on a backgroung of abundant collagenous fiber. No β-catenin were detected. Based on the pathological and radiological findings, a final diagnosis of DF was made. No postoperative adjuvant treatments were administerded. Fortunately, there was no evidence of recurrence 22 months after surgery. Conclusions: DF originated from rib is a kind of extremly rare benign tumor but locally aggressive and show unique biologically features. Wide resection or total resection can effectively reduce the risk of local recurrence when compared with curettage. Rarity of the tumor favors documentation in literature.
The emotional impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on cancer outpatients and their caregivers: results of a survey conducted in the midst of the Italian pandemic
Authors: Cona Maria Silvia , Rulli Eliana , Dalu Davide , Galli Francesca , Rota Selene , Ferrario Sabrina , Tosca Nicoletta , Gambaro Anna , Filipazzi Virginio , Piva Sheila , Verde Nicla La
Published: May 2021

INTRODUCTION The study investigates the emotional discomfort of cancer patients (pts) and their caregivers (CGs), who need to access the Oncology day-hospital to receive treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. METHODS This is a single-institution, prospective, cross-sectional study. From May to June 2020 the points of view of both the “players” were compared through 2 different multiple-choice questionnaires, enquiring demographic characteristics, changes in emotional status, interpersonal relationships with health professionals (HCPs) and self-perception of treatment outcomes. RESULTS 625 pts and 254 CGs were enrolled. Female were prevalent and pts were generally older than CGs. 40% pts and 25.6% CGs thought they were at a greater risk of contagion because lived together with a cancer pts or accessed the hospital. Both pts (86.3%) and CGs (85.4%) considered containment measures a valid support to avoid the spread of infection . People with a lower education level were less worried about being infected with SARS-COV-2. Waiting and performing visits/treatments without CGs had no impact on the emotional status of pts (64.4%), but generated in CGs greater anxiety (58.8%) and fear (19.8%) of not properly managing pts at home . The majority of pts (54%) and CGs (39.4%) thought the pandemic doesn’t influence treatment outcomes. The relationship with HCPs was not negatively impacted for majority of pts and CGs. CONCLUSIONS Starting from these data, we can better understand the current psychological distress of pts and their families in order to develop potential strategies to support them in this strenuous period of crisis.
Assessment of heavy metal pollution resulting from informal E-wastes recycling in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana
Authors: Teye Albert Kwame , Tetteh Isaac Kow
Published: May 2021

This study investigated the levels and spatial distributions of four selected heavy metals in the soil and drainage components emanating from informal E-waste recycling activities at Ashaiman scrapyard, in the Greater Accra Region, Ghana. The metals are Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu) and Lead (Pb). Five sampling sites were randomly selected, with top and sub-soil sampled from the two open burning areas (hereafter H and F). Three sites in the drainage that runs through the scrapyard were similarly selected for sample collection; a control upstream (soil-sediment-water; WSC) and two experimental units downstream (soil-sediment-water; WS1 and surface water only; WS2). Four control topsoil samples were taken at distances of 25, 50, 75 and 100 m away from the scrapyard. Composite sample of three sampling units per site, including pH analysis, with two replications per treatment, were investigated using standards methods. Spatial distribution of the metals in the scrapyard were analyzed using Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) interpolation method. Coefficient of variation (CV) was used to investigate the source of pollution. The pollution levels were investigated using three criteria, namely Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Contamination Factor (CF) and Pollution Load Index (PLI). Correlation analysis was used evaluate the relationships between the metals. Mean CV of 88.5% suggests that the scrapyard pollution is anthropogenically-driven. Igeo of soil samples from the scrapyard revealed the following: (i) Cd and Pb (unpolluted to strongly polluted), (ii) Cu (unpolluted to moderately polluted), and (iii) Cr (unpolluted). CF revealed the following: (i) Cd (moderate to strong pollution), (ii) Cu (moderate pollution), (iii) Cr (low pollution), and (iv) Pb (high pollution), but the metals exhibited moderate PLIs. Spatial distribution maps revealed heavy metal pollution decline with distance away from the scrapyard, which was inversely related to pH levels. WSC showed lower heavy metal concentrations than WS 1, while the lowest levels were detected in WS 2. Generally, moderate to very strong correlations existed among the metals in the scrapyard. In conclusion, the scrapyard was the epicenter of E-waste pollution primarily driven by human activities.