bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Specific Features and Perspectives of the Far East Labour Market
Authors: Опарина Наталья , Oparina Natalya , Лебедева К. , Lebedeva K.
Published: July 2018

The article is devoted to the analysis of the Russian labor market trends in 2018. The authors presented a general description and a list of the labor market trends in the Russian Federation, and compared the attitude to the labor market of the employers and job seekers. Further the authors conducted comparative analysis of the demand and supply of the federal districts of the Russian Federation. The main research emphasis is placed on the peculiarities of the Far Eastern labor market with the subsequent specifi cation of the Khabarovsk Territory features. The problems of the divergence of expectations from the labor market by applicants and employers of the Far East are revealed. The requirements for the labor resources of all major cities of the Khabarovsk Territory are detailed. The purpose of this study is to formulate recommendations for attracting and retaining a skilled workforce in the region, and to provide the region’s economy with the necessary manpower resources.
Serositis and inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Mohammed Abdul Rafi , Babu Sathish
Published: July 2018

Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are chronic inflammatory bowel diseases that can involve organs other than those of the gastrointestinal tract. This article reports two separate cases of inflammatory bowel disease involving serosa, and also reviews literature on the association of these two conditions. Recognition of this association is important not only for specialists but also for general physicians.
Matter Without Form: The Ontological Status of Christ's Dead Body
Authors: Jaeger Andrew J. , Sienkiewicz Jeremy
Published: July 2018

In this paper, we provide an account of the ontological status of Christ’s dead body, which remained in the tomb during the three days after his crucifixion.  Our account holds that Christ’s dead body – during the time between his death and resurrection – was prime matter without a substantial form.  We defend this account by showing how it is metaphysically possible for prime matter to exist in actuality without substantial forms.  Our argument turns on the truth of two theses: (i) God is able to produce all acts of secondary causes without those secondary causes, and (ii) Substantial forms are secondary causes of the actuality of prime matter.  We argue that the metaphysical possibility of matter without form is perfectly consistent with holding both there is only one substantial form in a material substance and that prime matter is pure potentiality.  Moreover, we argue that the metaphysical possibility of matter without form does little-to-no damage to our natural understanding of material substances.
Purgatory, Hypertime, and Temporal Experience
Authors: Rutledge Jonathan Curtis
Published: July 2018

Recently, JT Turner has argued that proponents of temporally-extended models of purgatory (henceforth, temps) are committed to denying the doctrine of the parousia. Such persons typically argue that temporally-extended models of purgatory are needed to prevent the possibility that a morally imperfect human might become morally perfect too abruptly. In this article, I argue that Turner is mistaken and that by invoking hypertime and a clarification of the sort of abruptness at issue, temps can affirm both purgatory and the doctrine of the parousia.After clarifying the nature of hypertime, I then present a non-temporal model of purgatory. This model permits those uncomfortable with endorsing the metaphysical possibility of hypertime to nevertheless affirm the key intuition motivating temporally-extended models (i.e. that they are necessary to avoid too abrupt a change in character) without rejecting the doctrine of the parousia.
Sin and Implicit Bias
Authors: Vicens Leigh C
Published: July 2018

This paper argues that implicit bias is a form of sin, characterized most fundamentally as an orientation that we may not have direct access to or control over, but that can lead us to act in violation of God’s command. After noting similarities between certain strategies proposed by experimental psychologists for overcoming implicit biases and certain disciplines developed by Christians on the path to sanctification, I suggest some ways in which the Church might offer its resources to a society struggling to overcome bias and discrimination, and ways in which its teaching and ministry might be informed by the latest research on implicit bias.
Introduction to Vol. 6
Authors: ㅤ ㅤ
Published: July 2018

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Análisis del procedimiento de la extradición de colombianos. Caso Fundación por la Defensa de los Colombianos Pedidos en Extradición (DECOPEX)
Authors: Ramírez Montañez Julio
Published: July 2018

El propósito del presente artículo es exponer una aproximación analítica sobre el trámite de la extradición de colombianos solicitados por Cortes Internacionales de Justicia tomando como referencia la experiencia profesional en la Fundación por la Defensa de los Colombianos Pedidos en Extradición (DECOPEX). Esta organización no gubernamental fue un espacio donde convergieron los familiares de las personas detenidas con solicitud de extradición remitida por algún Estado y que se encontraban recluidos en el pabellón 7 de la penitenciaría de máxima seguridad de Combita. Los propósitos primordiales de DECOPEX estuvieron enfocados en cuatro áreas estratégicas: la defensa de los derechos fundamentales de los reclusos y sus familias; el desarrollo de una estrategia jurídica en el ámbito nacional e internacional; la realización de lobby ante órganos gubernamentales con el fin de reglamentar el procedimiento jurídico de la extradición y la función social ante la problemática de algunas personas que se encontraban detenidas injustamente.
Manajemen dan Rekayasa Lalu Lintas Kawasan CBD Kota Bekasi
Authors: Hermawan Bobby Agung
Published: July 2018

This study discusses the efforts to improve the performance of the traffic in the CBD area of Bekasi City with management and traffic engineering. The proposed strategy is the reduction of traffic flow conflict at the existing congestion spots on the main road corridors, which are Ahmad Yani street, KH. Noer Ali street, and Hasibuan street. Congestion occurs in the u-turn and intersection. The proposed treatment is closure U-turn, Kayuringin intersection and the prohibition of right turn and U-turn at the major roads of Mall MM intersection. As for the long term proposal is to build a flyover at the MM Mal Bekasi intersection, this proposal is recommended for long term treatment due to need high costs and substantial time for it. Further studies is needed as well.
Peluang Keberlanjutan Program Penyediaan Air Minum Berbasis Komunitas (PAMSIMAS) di Kabupaten Kendal
Authors: Nugroho Ardhianto Adhi , Maryono Maryono
Published: July 2018

Drinking Water Supply Program with Community-Based  (PAMSIMAS) aims to halve the proportion of people who do not have access to drinking water and basic sanitation in Indonesia. One of the areas that became the location of the implementation of the Program Pamsimas is Kabupaten Kendal, with case study: Tanjungsari, Sidorejo, and Kalirandu Gede villages. To ensure the sustainability of the program, it is necessary to people's to understanding the implementation of the program and the factors of public concern to carry out the program. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of sustainability Pamsimas in Kabupaten Kendal, in those three villages, which will be achieved by using one of the qualitative research approach, which is a case study (case study research). The qualitative analysis techniques used are for qualitative description analysis and comparative analysis. The result of this research can be concluded that those three villages are well understanding on the purpose of Pamsimas program. Each villages have valuables characteristics that can support the sustainability of the Pamsimas program. The factor of public awareness of the implementation of Pamsimas influenced by community and government relations, practical reasons as well as public awareness of the importance of protecting the environment.
Kajian Keberlanjutan Permukiman Nelayan di Kampung Tanjungsari, Kabupaten Pemalang
Authors: Purwoningsih Purwoningsih
Published: July 2018

Tanjungsari village is one of the fishing settlement located in Pemalang. Settlements located in coastal areas is certainly has a wide range of environmental issues concerning environmental, social and economic mutually influence each other. On the one hand, the fishing settlement is one of the potential that exists in Pemalang. If the problem is left unchecked then, a fishing village will be subject to environmental degradation and unsustainable. Therefore, there should be a study that aimed to assess the sustainability of fishing and explain the causes of the research results. The method used in this research is mix method there is a merger between qualitative and quantitative methods. The analysis technique used is quantitative descriptive analysis, qualitative descriptive analysis and scoring analysis. The results of this study is to note that at this time Kampung Nelayan Tanjungsari under moderate conditions on the environmental aspects of physical settlements and coastal areas (value 2.1), bad conditions on aspects of fisheries resource management (score 1.3) and bad conditions in the social and cultural aspects of society (value 1.6). While overall, Kampung Nelayan Tanjungsari included in the category of Sustainability Not in all aspects, as well as the main factor is a factor Economic Sector Fisheries.
Pengaruh Event Lovely Toraja Terhadap Ekonomi Masyarakat di Kabupaten Toraja Utara
Authors: Lotim Yohanis Bara , Damayanti Maya
Published: July 2018

North Toraja was the main tourism destination in South Sulawesi Province and Indonesia until economic crisis on 1997 and Bali bomb on 2002 hit Indonesia then decrease the number of visited tourists. The increase of the visited tourist since 2008 when this event initiated brings a research question How the impact of Lovely Toraja to the economic livelihood of the people in North Toraja Regency? This research aimed to analysis the impact of Lovely Toraja Event to the economic of community in Toraja Utara. Regarding its aim, this research can be classified as descriptive research with quantitative and qualitative approaches. Interview to the local government and cultural figures used as a tool of data collection to describe economic activities that growth within this event and then analyzed the results with exploration method. Questionnaires than spread to find labor absorption and change in the people income before the event, when there is no event occasion and when the event on occasion by tabulation method used as the analyzing tool. Results of the research showed that economic activities of the people that emerged of Lovely Toraja were accommodation, restaurants, tourist destination, travel agent, car rent, art community, sculpturer, crafter, webbing and weaving handicrafts, convection, and the home industry of food, street vendor, taxi bike, bentor, and Parkman. From the absorbance of labor known that the change about 46.64% and for the income of the business owner and the labor there isA significance increase about 92.12% and 69.20%. Thus, we can conclude that Lovely Toraja event brings significant impact to the economic of the community in North Toraja Regency.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Perubahan Identitas Kota di Kawasan Kota Tua Muara Tebo Kabupaten Tebo Provinsi Jambi
Authors: Adrian Moh. , Setioko Bambang
Published: July 2018

The existence of the town can not be separated from its identity, that all the city has a different identity, both positive and negative. The identity of a city is unique conditions and characteristics that distinguish it from other cities. Kota Tua Tebo has an identity with the history of its existence, but because of the policy direction of the development of the City Tebo, the region began to change the identity of the city that are currently physically known only as the old market area and non-physical only a region that is not known as Tebo city beginning. The approach used in this study is a quantitative deductive rationalistic by using descriptive analysis of empirical and statistical factor analysis. Factors affecting the change of identity of the city in the Old Town area Tebo Tebo dtemukan 2 (two) factors, namely physical (organization of space) and non-physical factors (activity and policy space), and 10 (ten) identity factor town. Recommendation is to pay attention and consider each development policy based on the condition of attachment, attention to the development of the city in the future and visual character of the area.
Prediction of Difficult Tracheal Videolaryngoscopic Intubation Using El-Ganzouri Risk Index
Authors: Zakalkins Antons , Kazune Sigita
Published: July 2018

Introduction. Unanticipated difficult intubation still exists as a significant problem. El-Ganzouri risk index is a bedside difficult airway evaluation method, which can help determine risk of difficult airways. However, evidence of using of El-Ganzouri risk index in difficult laryngeal visualisation using videolaryngoscopes is limited.

Aim of the Study. Determine the specificity and sensitivity of El-Ganzouri multivariate risk index to predict difficult laryngeal exposure using Storz C-MAC videolaryngoscope equipped with D type blade.

Material and methods. We conducted a study of 29 patients, which were examined using El-Ganzouri risk index before induction of anaesthesia. After induction of anaesthesia videolaryngoscopy was performed using Storz C-MAC videolaryngoscope equipped with D-blade and laryngeal visualisation was graded using Cormack-Lehane scale. After laryngeal visualisation grading endotracheal tube insertion was performed and numbers of attempts as well as complications during intubation were recorded. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were calculated, receiver operating characteristic curve and area under curve was obtained.

Results. Sensitivity and specificity were 54.2% and 80.0% at El-Ganzouri risk index cut-off value of 2 points. Calculated positive predictive value was 26.7% and negative predictive value was 92.9%. Calculated AUC was 78.3%.

Conclusions. El-Ganzouri risk index shows moderate sensitivity and specificity when used with Storz C-MAC videolaryngoscope. It can be used to predict difficult laryngeal visualization during videolaryngoscopic intubation.
Who drove the discourse? News coverage and policy framing of immigrants and refugees in the 2016 U.S. presidential election
Authors: Ogan Christine , Pennington Rosemary , Venger Olesya , Metz Daniel
Published: July 2018

Migration was one of the most important issues in the 2016 U.S. presidential election. While Hillary Clinton promised an immigration reform that would create a path to citizenship, Donald Trump said he would deport illegal aliens, build a wall between the United States and Mexico, and suspend immigration from countries with a history of terrorism, capitalizing on some of the public’s fears through his rhetoric. We examine the ways mainstream national and regional press covered this issue from the Republican National Convention through Election Day. This content analysis of 12 news outlets finds that political themes drove the coverage more than anything else, with Donald Trump or a member of his team most often serving as theme sponsor. Though about half of the stories were neutral or balanced in tone, negative stories were sponsored either by the Trump team or other actors.
A Comparative Quantitative Analysis of the Postnatal Changes in the Myocardium of the Left and Right Ventricles in Rats
Authors: Iliev Alexandar A. , Kotov Georgi N. , Landzhov Boycho V. , Jelev Lazar S. , Dimitrova Iva N. , Hinova-Palova Dimka V.
Published: July 2018

Background: The growth of the heart during the foetal and early postnatal development takes places mainly due to hyperplasia. The late postnatal development is characterised by cardiomyocytic hypertrophy in response to normal physiological mechanisms and increased load. To study the cell size most authors measure the diameter either directly or indirectly.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to make a comparative quantitative analysis of the postnatal changes observed in the left and right ventricles in rat by evaluating the changes in three morphometric parameters – thickness of the free wall, transverse section of the cardiomyocytes and cardiomyocytic density in the left ventricle and right ventricle.

Materials and methods: In the present study, we used histological material from the hearts of 15 male Wistar rats, distributed in five groups aged 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months, respectively.

Results: In both ventricles, the wall thickness and the transverse section of the cardiomyocytes increased with age, while the cardiomyocytic density decreased. Changes were identical in both ventricles; however, they were more dynamic and pronounced in the left ventricle.

Conclusions: The studied morphometric parameters reveal that age-related hypertrophy and the gradual loss of cardiac muscle cells take place in both ventricles but have a more dynamic pattern of progression in the left ventricle as compared with the right ventricle.
Analgesic Effect of Local Infiltration of the Surgical Wound Containing Levobupivacaine, Ibuprofen, and Epinephrine in Rats Undergoing Laparotomy
Authors: Korat Prashant S. , Kapupara Pankaj
Published: July 2018

Background: Inappropriate use of drugs and their combinations for analgesics has made it difficult to determine the optimal drug combinations for pain mangement.

Aim: To reduce postoperative pain effectively and safely.

Materials and methods: Laparotomy was performed in an adult rat under isoflurane anesthesia. During surgery, the surgical wounds were infiltrated with 50 μL solution containing 0.3% w/v levobupivacaine, 2 mg/mL ibuprofen, and 8 mg/mL epinephrine (treatment group) over the sutured muscle wound before skin closing, and compared to infiltration of that of the normal saline (vehicle group). The 10-fold higher dose of the same combination of medications was injected systemically as a control. Postoperative pain assessed by rodent grimace scales scoring. One-way ANOVA following Dunnett multiple comparisons test was used at 95% of confidence level.

Results: There was decreased pain for the treatment group (p = 0.025, q = 4.527) and the control group (p = 0.031, q = 4.178) only 24 h after the end of the successful infiltration. The rodent GS scale scoring showed the fall in pain was started within three hours post-surgery in the treatment group. There was decreased pain in the treatment group (p = 0.048, q = 3.527) and the control group (p = 0.043, q = 3.891) only as compared to vehicle group 24 h after the end of the successful infiltration.

Conclusion: The infiltration of the surgical wound with levobupivacaine, ibuprofen, and epinephrine combination was effective in the healing of wounds after laparotomy.
Clinical Assessment of Endodontically Treated Teeth, Restored with or without Radicular Posts
Authors: Karteva Ekaterina G. , Manchorova Neshka A. , Vladimirov Stoyan B. , Keskinova Donka A.
Published: July 2018

Background: The reduced fracture resistance in endodontically treated teeth requires the use of radicular posts, with their advantages and disadvantages.

Aim: To evaluate the clinical performance of teeth restored with or without radicular posts at 6 and 12 months.

Materials and methods: The study included 22 patients who received endodontic therapy on premolars with a loss of one or two proximal walls. The premolars were divided into groups according to the restoration method: metal post group (MP), fiber post group (FP), and no post group (NP). For the NP group, a dentinal core of fiber-reinforced composite was used. The McNemar test, marginal homogeneity test and Kruskal-Wallis test were used in the statistical analysis. At the 6 and 12 month recall, both the direct composite restorations and the integrity of the post systems were assessed.

Results: At 6-month recall assessment, there was no statistically significant difference in the categories of ‘appropriate colour’, ‘secondary caries’ and ‘obturation integrity’. That was not the case with ‘marginal discoloration’, ‘marginal adaptation’, ‘proximal contact’ and ‘surface smoothness’. The recall at 12 months showed a continuation of this tendency, with significant decrease in the category of ‘adequate colour’. Assessment of post longevity at the two recalls did not show any significant changes. The teeth restored without a post showed survival rates comparable to that of teeth restored with a post for the 12-month period of observation.

Conclusions: There were no failures of the different posts used. The observed changes were attributed to the progressive deterioration of the composite restorations.
Effect of yoga and naturopathy on liver, renal and cardiorespiratory functions of a patient with hepatic cirrhosis with portal hypertension and ascites: a case report
Authors: Revadi Shreya S. , Kavitha V. , Mooventhan A.
Published: July 2018

A 39-year-old, married man was diagnosed with hepatic cirrhosis with portal hypertension and ascites in February 2016. His symptoms as described by him began with generalized body weakness, breathlessness and sudden weight gain of 16 kg within 3 weeks. History of regular intake of alcohol since 7 years and tremendous family stress were present. Patient underwent conventional medication for 6 months and ayurvedic medications for 4 months. In January 2017, he visited our hospital with the same complaints and underwent integrated naturopathy and yoga therapies (INYTs) for 4 weeks along with Ayurveda and conventional medications. The results of this study showed a better reduction in body weight, body mass index, abdominal girth, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure along with improvement in breath holding time, hemoglobin level, liver function test and renal function test. It suggests that 4 weeks of INYT with Ayurveda and conventional medications was effective in patients with hepatic cirrhosis with portal hypertension and ascites. Further studies are required to warrant these results.
[Aristot.] Ath. Pol. 39.4: Wer durfte im oligarchischen Eleusis wohnen (403 v. Chr.)?
Authors: Tsakmakis Antonis
Published: July 2018

Die parallele Untersuchung der historischen Quellen zum oligarchischen Teilstaat von Eleusis nach dem Sturz der Dreißig legt nahe, dass der Vertrag unter anderem die Ordnung in Eigentumsfragen wiederherstellen sollte, nachdem die Häuser der zuvor ermordeten Eleusinier von Athenern willkürlich in Besitz genommen worden waren. Während bisherige Interpretationen der entsprechenden Klausel von der Annahme ausgehen, dass viele Eleusiner gezwungen waren, ihre Häuser zu verlassen, wird argumentiert, dass sie das Recht behielten, weiter in Eleusis zu wohnen. Das eingeführte Vermittlungsverfahren wird als ein Indiz interpretiert, dass auch diese Maßnahme als Verhandlung mit dem Ziel der Versöhnung eingeführt wurde.
The Authenticity of the Document at Demosth. or. 24.20–3, the Procedures ofnomothesiaand the so-called ἐπιχɛιροτονία τῶν νόμων
Authors: Canevaro Mirko
Published: July 2018

This article is a response to Hansen's recent defence of the authenticity of the document at Demosth. or. 24.20–3. It discusses the methodology for assessing the authenticity of the documents in the orators, in particular the role(s) of the stichometry and the importance of the epigraphic evidence. It provides an in-depth analysis of the evidence about thenomothesiaprocedure provided in Demosthenes' „Against Timocrates“, showing, first, that this procedure was one centred on the enactment of new laws, and not, as the document describes, a general review of the laws of Athens; second, that the procedure described in the speech is one that can be initiated at all points of the year (consistently with what the epigraphic evidence shows), whereas the document describes an annual procedure taking place only on the 11thday of the first prytany; third, that the procedure described in the speech was initiated by a simple διαχειροτονία that allowed new proposals to be made, whereas the document describes multiple initial votes „kapitelweise“ to be held in the Assembly on different groups of existing laws. The last part of the article surveys eight specific problems with the text of the document, which confirm that it cannot be an authentic Athenian law.
‚200 Jahre Phylenreform des Kleisthenes‘ – die Neuorganisation von Athen und Attika (307/06 v. Chr.). Kontext, Umsetzung und Folgen
Authors: Weber Gregor
Published: July 2018

Der Beitrag behandelt die Phylenreform von 307/06 v. Chr. in Athen und Attika, die durch die Einführung von zwei neuen Phylen, Antigonis und Demetrias, veranlasst wurde, so dass es fortan zwölf Phylen gab. Dies zog die Neuverteilung etlicher Demen nach sich. Gefragt wird zum einen nach dem konkreten administrativen Ablauf dieser Umstellung, zum anderen nach einem möglichen Muster hinter der Zuweisung der Demen an die neuen Phylen bzw. der damit verbundenen Rolle topographischer und prosopographischer Faktoren. Zudem ist von Interesse, worin die Folgen aus der Umstrukturierung, etwa für das Monument der Phylenheroen oder für die Verwaltungspraxis, bestanden und warum das neue System so lang Bestand hatte. Von der Umstellung vom Dezimal- auf das Duodezimalsystem waren in jedem Fall alle Bürger betroffen; ein Vorteil der Reform dürfte auch darin bestanden haben, Korrekturen innerhalb der Demenverteilung mit Blick auf die Bouleutenzahl anbringen zu können. Die neue Untergliederung spricht dafür, dass trotz einer nachlassenden inschriftlichen Praxis von einem Niedergang der Demen und Phylen seit dem ausgehenden 4. Jh. keine Rede sein kann.
The so-called ‚Itinerary Stade‘ and the Accuracy of Eratosthenes' Measurement of the Earth
Authors: Shcheglov Dmitry A.
Published: July 2018

This paper presents a new argument against the widely accepted view that Eratosthenes and some other Greek authors of the pre-Roman period measured distances in special stades that were much shorter than the ‚common‘ stade of 185 m attested by the majority of sources.
A Study on the Monumental Center of Ancient Alexandria: The Identification of the Ptolemaic Mouseion and the Urban Transformation in Late Antiquity
Authors: Mavrojannis Theodoros
Published: July 2018

Among the whole burden of the written sources dealing with the urban appearance of Ptolemaic and Roman Alexandria, five or six ancient authors give us precious information which could finally offer a lead to the reconstruction of the monumental center of Alexandria: 1) Strabo, 2) Diodorus, 3) Zenobius, 4) Achilles Tatius, 5) Pseudo-Libanius and 6) Pseudo-Callisthenes. Nowadays, the written testimonia concerning the historical topography of Alexandria are severely withstanding to a hypercritical treatment, to a disapproval instead of a reappraisal.

Tkazcow 2013, 687: The reconstruction of the topography of the city in the Ptolemaic and Early Roman Periods was, for a long time, based exclusively on Strabo's description (sometimes supplemented with information provided by Diodorus, Polybius and Caesar); the critic is moved against Adriani 1966 and Fraser 1972, 13–34; McKenzie 2007.

Yet, there is no other way to solve the puzzle of the monumental center of Ptolemaic Alexandria, but to explain the thinking behind what the ancient authors, principally Strabo, may have seen in Alexandria as eyewitnesses.
The existence of solutions to certain type of nonlinear difference-differential equations
Authors: Lü Weiran , Wu Linlin , Wang Dandan , Yang Chungchun
Published: July 2018

In this paper we study the entire solutions to a certain type of difference-differential equations. We also give an affirmative answer to the conjecture of Zhang et al. In addition, our results improve and complement earlier ones due to Yang-Laine, Latreuch, Liu-Lü et al. and references therein.
Rethinking Milton Singer’s semiotic anthropology: A reconnaissance
Authors: Boroch Robert
Published: July 2018

The article discusses the possibility of using the cognitive tools of semiotics (theory of signs) for theoretical considerations of social structures from the anthropological perspective. In the literature on the subject, this approach is defined as semiotic anthropology, a term coined by Milton Singer. The article emphasizes the possibilities, untapped within Singer’s work, of further epistemological research within the scope of the “cultural theory of signs” and reduction of the paradigms of research on culture from philosophical and philological as well as anthropological and ethnographic paradigms to a semiotic paradigm, enabling the analysis of meanings of cultural messages (as broadly understood), from architecture and painting and even eating habits (e.g., cooking) to systems of values and literature. In this sense, semiotic anthropology represents the position of “mild holism” and becomes a tool supporting the exploration of culture.
Effects of Shiranuhi flower extracts and fractions on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in murine RAW 264.7 cells
Authors: Hyun Chang-Gu , Kim Min-Jin , Kim Sang Suk , Ko Ji Hye , Moon Young Il , Park Kyung-Jin , An Hyun Joo , Choi Young Hun , Lee Nam Ho
Published: July 2018

Objective

In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of Shiranuhi flower in RAW 264.7 cells.

Methods

The effects of the extracts and solvent fractions on cell viability and LPS-induced inflammatory responses were investigated in RAW 264.7 cells.

Results

The results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction (HEF) significantly decreased NO production in RAW 264.7 cells; however, cell viability was not affected. In addition, ELISA assay revealed that HEF significantly inhibited the productions of PGE2, TNF-α, and IL-6. As well, using Western blot analysis, it was observed that HEF significantly reduced the expression levels of iNOS and COX-2 in a dose dependent manner. Furthermore, we detected a reduced phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases such as p38, JNK, and ERK1/2. This indicates that HEF regulates LPS-induced inflammatory responses, at least in part, via suppressing the MAPK signaling pathway. Correlation analysis also showed that anti-inflammatory activities were highly correlated to antioxidant activities in this study. Characterization of the Shiranuhi flowers for flavonoid contents using HPLC showed varied quantity of narirutin and hesperidin.

Conclusion

Overall, the results demonstrate that HEF may be a potential anti-inflammatory agent. In addition, our findings contribute to understanding the molecular mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory effect of Shiranuhi flower.
Inferring Continuous and Discrete Population Genetic Structure Across Space
Authors: Bradburd Gideon S , Coop Graham M , Ralph Peter L
Published: July 2018

An important step in the analysis of genetic data is to describe and categorize natural variation. Individuals that live close together are, on average, more genetically similar than individuals sampled farther apart...

A classic problem in population genetics is the characterization of discrete population structure in the presence of continuous patterns of genetic differentiation. Especially when sampling is discontinuous, the use of clustering or assignment methods may incorrectly ascribe differentiation due to continuous processes (e.g., geographic isolation by distance) to discrete processes, such as geographic, ecological, or reproductive barriers between populations. This reflects a shortcoming of current methods for inferring and visualizing population structure when applied to genetic data deriving from geographically distributed populations. Here, we present a statistical framework for the simultaneous inference of continuous and discrete patterns of population structure. The method estimates ancestry proportions for each sample from a set of two-dimensional population layers, and, within each layer, estimates a rate at which relatedness decays with distance. This thereby explicitly addresses the “clines versus clusters” problem in modeling population genetic variation, and remedies some of the overfitting to which nonspatial models are prone. The method produces useful descriptions of structure in genetic relatedness in situations where separated, geographically distributed populations interact, as after a range expansion or secondary contact. We demonstrate the utility of this approach using simulations and by applying it to empirical datasets of poplars and black bears in North America.
Academic Women: Lived Experiences in Contexts of Inequality
Authors: Sancho-Gil Juana M. , Hernández - Hernández Fernando
Published: July 2018

[full article in English]

This article builds on the results of a research project into the professional experience of seven academic women in universities and research centers in Catalonia, Spain. The aim of the Project was to explore the personal and professional experience of three generations of women in the process constituting their identity as university teachers, researchers and managers. The writing of their professional life histories has enabled us to investigate how they, as women, have become the types of higher education teachers, researchers and managers that they were becoming, and we wished to delve into the relationship between their personal experiences and the development of their professional careers. In this process, we have revealed the strategies of adaptation, resistance and creation developed by women, the forms of symbolic violence that they experience and the changes through which their careers have passed within the context of an institution that is still continuously revealed by different studies to be deeply discriminating and unequal for women.
Razões neutrófilos/linfócitos e plaquetas/linfócitos em pacientes diabéticos com ou sem disfunção renal
Authors: Oliveira Anniely Carvalho Rebouças , Mendes Brena Barros , De Alcântara Keila Correia
Published: July 2018

AIMS: To compare the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) between patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus and between diabetic patients with and without renal dysfunction.METHODS: A cross-sectional retrospective study was performed at the Laboratory of Clinical Analyzes of the Hospital das Clínicas of the Federal University of Goiás between January and December 2016. Data from patients aged 40 years or older were included in the study. Those with a blood glucose ≥200 mg / dL and/or glycated hemoglobin ≥6.5% formed the diabetic group, and those who did not present these criteria for diabetes formed the control group, being matched by age and sex. The diabetic group was classified in one group with renal damage and another without renal damage, according to the 24-hour microalbuminuria. Calculations for NLR and PLR were performed from the absolute number of neutrophils, lymphocytes and platelets, and the medians were compared.RESULTS: A total of 122 subjects were included in the study, among which 52.5% were between 40 and 64 years of age and 63.9% were male. The median NLR was 2.1 (min 0.8 - max 5.3) in the diabetic group and 1.9 (min 0.6 - max 6.2) in the control group (p=0.16). The median PLR was 120.5 (min 63.5 - max 206.6) in the diabetic group and 119.7 (min 40.4 - max 215.1) in the control group (p=0.19). Considering the age group, there was no difference in the median NLR or PLR among the diabetic group and the control group; however, the NLR was higher for individuals 65 years of age or older, regardless of whether they were diabetic (median 2.2, min 1.0 - max 3.8, p=0.01) or not (median 2.4, min 0.9 - max 3.6, p=0.001). Among the participants, 38 patients presented renal damage, 24 (63.1%) of the diabetic group and 14 (36.9%) of the control group. The median NLR and PLR were similar among diabetic patients with renal damage, diabetics without renal damage and control group.CONCLUSIONS: NLR and PLR were similar between the diabetic group and the control group, as well as among diabetics with or without renal damage. RNL was higher for individuals 65 years of age or older, regardless of whether they were diabetic or not.
Teoria polifônica da enunciação: claro enigma
Authors: Cerezoli Andréia Inês Hanel , Sasset Carla Roberta
Published: July 2018

As dificuldades de leitura estão cada vez mais evidentes nas diferentes avaliações censitárias. Assim, a escola anseia por estratégias de leitura que permitam modificar o atual quadro de competências de leitura. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar os diferentes níveis envolvidos num processo de leitura, via perspectiva enunciativa, e analisar uma proposta de trabalho de compreensão leitora a partir da perspectiva da Semântica Argumentativa, mais pontualmente, a partir dos postulados da Teoria Polifônica da Enunciação. A base teórica adotada envolve documentos elaborados e divulgados pelo Ministério da Educação (MEC) e pelo Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (INEP), além de autores como Ducrot, Barbisan e Azevedo. Na análise realizada, pode-se perceber o predomínio de questões que valorizam aspectos extratextuais, impossibilitando, ou reduzindo as condições de compreensão leitora. Conclui-se, assim, que embora a leitura esteja no centro de muitas discussões acerca do desempenho dos alunos, poucas são as atividades propostas para que o aluno possa desenvolver a habilidade de reconstituição dos sentidos já existentes no discurso via materialidade linguística.
Les argumentations énonciatives
Authors: Carel Marion
Published: July 2018

C'est par opposition à la notion de représentation que l'on définit généralenent l'énonciation. Nos énoncés à la fois représenteraient le monde et communiqueraient l'attitude du locuteur vis-à-vis de cette représentation: ce dernier pourrait l'évaluer en termes de vrai et de faux (Frege), la déclarer désirable, menaçante (Bally) , l'utiliser pour ordonner, promettre, présupposer (Austin), ou encore la donner comme la pensée d'un autre (Bally), Ducrot, on le sait, s'est opposé à ce partage et, tout particulièrement, à l'hyppothèse que l'on pourrait isoler, à l'intérieur du sens d'un énoncé, une représentation du monde totalement débarrassée, nettoyée, des appréciations du locuteur (voir par exemple Ducrot (1993)). La Théorie de l'Argumentation dans la Langue puis la Théorie des Blocs Sémantiques (TBS) se sont construites pour donner un sens positif à ce rejet de Ducrot. Ainsi, selon la TBS, les contenus de nos énoncés sont assimilables à des enchaînements argumentatifs.
A construção do sentido na linguagem: o lugar da enunciação e da argumentação linguística
Authors: Gomes Lauro , Dias Luiz Francisco , Barbisan Leci Borges
Published: July 2018

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Índices de nitrogênio e modelo para prognosticar a produção de tubérculos de batata
Authors: Milagres Carla do Carmo , Fontes Paulo Cezar Rezende , Silveira Murilo Vargas da , Moreira Marialva Alvarenga , Lopes Iza Paula de Carvalho
Published: July 2018

RESUMO A utilização de índices constitui ferramenta prática e importante para o manejo da adubação nitrogenada, na cultura da batata e, ainda, pode prognosticar a produtividade de tubérculos. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do parcelamento do fertilizante nitrogenado sobre índices de nitrogênio (N) em plantas de batata, bem como estabelecer um modelo para o prognóstico da produtividade de tubérculos. Foram utilizados os cultivares Ágata e Asterix em dois experimentos independentes. Os tratamentos foram: T1 - controle, sem adubação nitrogenada, T2- 50% da dose no plantio + 50% aos 22 dias após a emergência (DAE) e T3 - dose única no plantio. Foi utilizada a ureia como fonte de N e a dose total aplicada foi de 220 kg ha-1 de N. Os índices avaliados foram: clorofila (CHL), flavonóis (FLV), balanço de N (NBI), determinados, com o Dualex e SPAD, na quarta folha completamente desenvolvida, aos 10, 21, 34, 48, 62 e 76 DAE. As doses e o parcelamento do N interferiram nos índices avaliados, sendo que os valores de SPAD, CHL e NBI decresceram com a idade da planta, enquanto houve aumento dos valores de FLV, para ambos os cultivares. O índice CHL é o mais indicado para estimar indiretamente o teor de nitrato na seiva do pecíolo, o teor de N na matéria seca e a quantidade de N acumulada na quarta folha. Tanto o índice SPAD quanto o índice CHL podem prognosticar a produtividade final de tubérculos de batata e foi estabelecido um modelo utilizando esses índices.
CONSTITUCIÓN DE UN DOMINIO FENOMENOLÓGICO PARA LA ENSEÑANZA DE LAS CIENCIAS IMPLICACIONES DESDE EL ESTUDIO DEL CASO DEL FENÓMENO VOLTAICO
Authors: Manrique María Mercedes Ayala , Sánchez José Francisco Malagón , Osorio Sandra Sandoval , Barrios Marina Garzón
Published: July 2018

RESUMEN: Se presenta un análisis epistemológico con intenciones pedagógicas sobre la constitución del fenómeno voltaico, lo cual da paso a interrogantes sobre la perspectiva fenomenológica como una apuesta para la enseñanza de las ciencias, tales como: ¿Qué aspectos se debe tener en cuenta en los procesos de formalización que se dan en la conformación de un dominio fenomenológico? y ¿Cómo hablar de la dinámica cognitiva desplegada en la constitución de dominios fenomenológicos? El análisis epistemológico muestra que se dan diversas relaciones entre fenómenos de diferente clase en el proceso de constitución de un dominio fenomenológico. En el caso del fenómeno voltaico se caracterizan relaciones que se dan en dos momentos: la unificación de la electricidad y la emergencia del campo de la electroquímica. Se destacan tres tipos de relaciones: reducción; unificación; y equivalencia. Se concluye que si los procesos de formalización se caracterizan por establecer relaciones de diferente clase, estas se pueden convertir en herramientas de orden epistemológico y cognitivo para la clase de ciencias.
The Power of Verification for Greedy Mechanism Design
Authors: Fotakis Dimitris , Krysta Piotr , Ventre Carmine
Published: July 2018

Greedy algorithms are known to provide, in polynomial time, near optimal approximation guarantees for Combinatorial Auctions (CAs) with multidimensional bidders. It is known that truthful greedy-like mechanisms for CAs with multi-minded bidders do not achieve good approximation guarantees.

In this work, we seek a deeper understanding of greedy mechanism design and investigate under which general assumptions, we can have efficient and truthful greedy mechanisms for CAs. Towards this goal, we use the framework of priority algorithms and weak and strong verification, where the bidders are not allowed to overbid on their winning set or on any subset of this set, respectively. We provide a complete characterization of the power of weak verification showing that it is sufficient and necessary for any greedy fixed priority algorithm to become truthful with the use of money or not, depending on the ordering of the bids. Moreover, we show that strong verification is sufficient and necessary to obtain a 2-approximate truthful mechanism with money, based on a known greedy algorithm, for the problem of submodular CAs in finite bidding domains. Our proof is based on an interesting structural analysis of the strongly connected components of the declaration graph.
Utilization of eggshell as a low-cost precursor for synthesizing calcium niobate ceramic
Authors: Kamkum Phonphan , Vittayakorn Wanwilai , Seeharaj Panpailin , Woramongkolchai Somsak , Muanghlua Rangson , Vittayakorn Naratip
Published: July 2018

This study investigated the possibility of using calcium carbonate (CaCO3) from chicken eggshell biowaste as a starting material for synthesizing calcium niobate (CaNb2O6) powder through the conventional solid-state reaction. Phase formation of calcium niobate was studied as a function of calcination conditions by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The X-ray fluorescence results showed that the chicken eggshell contained more than 96·0% of calcium carbonate by weight. The structural characteristics of the calcium carbonate and calcium niobate powder were quantitatively evaluated by Rietveld refinement method from the XRD data. Rietveld refinement results verified that the eggshell powder exhibited a rhombohedral calcite (calcium carbonate) structure with lattice parameters a = b = 4·9812 ± 0·00059 Å (1Å = 0·1 nm) and c = 17·0342 ± 0·00292 Å with α = γ = 90° and β = 120°. Furthermore, the single phase of calcium niobate corresponded to the orthorhombic structure for space group Pbcn(60) obtained after the calcination process. The non-isothermal kinetic of calcium niobate was investigated by the Ozawa methods. Activated energy calculated using Ozawa methods was 1168 ± 29 kJ mol−1. Also, there was no significant difference in dielectric properties between calcium niobate ceramic using chicken eggshell waste as a starting material and calcium niobate ceramic using analytical-reagent-grade calcium carbonate. This study showed that calcium carbonate from chicken eggshell biowaste is an alternative starting material for synthesizing microwave dielectric calcium niobate ceramic.
Attenuating the Forward Guidance Puzzle: Implications for Optimal Monetary Policy
Authors: Nakata Taisuke , Ogaki Ryota , Schmidt Sebastian , Yoo Paul
Published: July 2018

We examine the implications of less powerful forward guidance for optimal policy using a sticky-price model with an effective lower bound (ELB) on nominal interest rates as well as a discounted Euler equation and Phillips curve. When the private-sector agents discount future economic conditions more in making their decisions today, an announced cut in future interest rates becomes less effective in stimulating current economic activity. While the implication of such discounting for optimal policy depends on its degree, we find that, under a wide range of plausible degrees of discounting, it is optimal for the central bank to compensate for the reduced effect of a future rate cut by keeping the policy rate at the ELB for longer.
Speed Limit Policy and Liquidity Traps
Authors: Nakata Taisuke , Schmidt Sebastian , Yoo Paul
Published: July 2018

The zero lower bound (ZLB) constraint on interest rates makes speed limit policies (SLPs)---policies aimed at stabilizing the output growth---less effective. Away from the ZLB, the history dependence induced by a concern for output growth stabilization improves the inflation-output tradeoff for a discretionary central bank. However, in the aftermath of a deep recession with a binding ZLB, a central bank with an objective for output growth stabilization aims to engineer a more gradual increase in output than under the standard discretionary policy. The anticipation of a more restrained recovery exacerbates the declines in inflation and output when the lower bound is binding.
Lengyel és Hőgyész környéki Natura 2000 erdőterületek florisztikai adatai
Authors: Vas István , Tóth István Zsolt
Published: July 2018

Munkánkban 169 faj előfordulási adatait közöljük az eddig még egységesen nem vizsgált Lengyel–Hőgyészi-erdők (HUDD20026) Natura 2000 területéről, amely a szintén keveset vizsgált Tolnai-hegyhát déli részén terül el. A flóratérképezési munkában a terület három egymást követő évben (2015, 2016, 2017), különböző egységekben lett felmérve. A vizsgálat adatai kiegészítik Magyarország edényes növényfajainak elterjedési atlasza térképeit is. Kiemelhetők az országban vagy a Dél-Dunántúlon ritka, többségükben védett taxonok (pl. Asplenium scolopendrium, Asplenium trichomanes, Polystichum setiferum, Doronicum hungaricum, Paris quadrifolia, Scilla vindobonensis) mellett a területen korábban nem regisztrált Epipactis leptochila subsp. neglecta, a Platanthera chlorantha és a Carex divulsa országosan nem tisztázott elterjedésű alfajainak (subsp. divulsa és a subsp. leersii) előfordulása is.