bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extraction and analysis of ruscogenins from butcher’s broom (Ruscus aculeatus L.) rhizomes using HPLC
Authors: Walasek-Janusz Magdalena Ewelina , Bajena Agnieszka , Nurzyńska-Wierdak Renata , Skalicka-Woźniak Krystyna
Published: January 2023

Butcher’s broom (Ruscus aculeatus L.) is a plant with valuable chemical composition and many medical applications. The underground rhizomes of the plant contain steroidal saponins, compounds with proven therapeutic effects and used mostly in treating venous insufficiency. The research aimed to optimise the extraction of saponins from butcher’s broom rhizomes to obtain the highest possible content of active compounds in the dry extract. The extraction was carried out in five variants using pure water or a mixture of water and ethanol as solvents in different potions. Three samples of butcher’s broom rhizomes from Albania, Bulgaria, and Germany were examined for the presence of highest level of sapogenin active ingredient. Results show that Albanian sample has the highest percentage of ruscogenins, and hence Albanian butcher’s broom rhizomes were chosen for the extraction of active ingredient by alcoholic solution with different concentration. The sapogenin content in the extracts was determined by the pharmacopoeial method using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A strong, positive correlation was found between ethanol concentration and the content of ruscogenins in the dry extract. The most efficient variant of the extraction turned out to be the use of 50% ethanol as a solvent, where 304 mg of ruscogenins were obtained from 50 g of the raw material.
Research on the construction of rural interface style based on aesthetic rules
Authors: Wang Zhongwei , Ma Yue , Du Zhaoming
Published: January 2023

The form and overall style of rural settlements are the carrier of the rural regional context and aesthetics. At present, China’s rural areas are facing a disorderly style and urbanisation. This study is based on similarity aesthetic regularity and visual aesthetic regularity; on the one hand, this work researches the method of building interface coordination from the aspects of form, material and colour, and puts forward the interface construction method of strong contrast, medium contrast and weak contrast according to the rural areas. On the other hand, this study analyses people’s perception characteristics of the style from the visual psychological level, explains the skills for the rural interface and sequence arrangement based on the relationship between visual matching and the bottom of the picture and constructs the aesthetic image under the new overall relationship of the place. Finally, this study puts forward a series of strategies for rural style construction, such as symbol concatenation, contrast reconstruction and aesthetic conflict transformation, to constructing a new aesthetic image of place so as to provide ideas and methods for the development of the rural style in the future.
Communications Experiences For Covid-19 Survivals Who Perform “Isolasi Mandiri” In Bandung
Authors: Kemalasari Gyska , Hadisiwi Purwanti , Prasanti Ditha
Published: January 2023

This study aims to find out: 1) Self-understanding of Covid-19 survivors; 2) Experience internal communication of Covid-19 survivors with family; 3) Experience external communication of Covid-19 survivors with environments outside the family. The method used in the research is qualitative method with phenomenological approach. The data collection technique in this study used in-depth interviews to five Covid-19 survivors who conducted self-isolation in Bandung. The theory used is the theory of symbolic interaction. The results of this study showed that the self-meaning of Covid-19 survivors who conducted self-isolation in this study was categorized as follows: a) fear; b) uncomfortable feeling and distrust others; c) feel sad to be temporarily separated from the family; d) feel bad for others; e) feel loved and cared for by others. Then the experience of internal communication of Covid-19 survivors with family, namely: a) maintaining physical distance and always using masks; b) communicate with electronic devices; c) communicate by shouting; d) communicate using the bell; e) given helpness in order to fulfill daily needs. As well as the experience of external communication of Covid-19 survivors with environments outside the family, namely: a) keeping a distance and tending to stay away physically; b) communicate with electronic devices; c) given helpness in order to meet the daily needs.
Formation of Consumer Impulsive Buying in MSMEs through Online Shopping Activities
Authors: Febriany Dessy , Tjipto Jovita Damayanti , Immanuel Sandy , Buana Salsabilla Ayundha Marthsa , Emerald Serena , Keni Keni
Published: January 2023

Electronic commerce that continues to grow has created a fairly tight competition between business actors. However, this competition can help the sustainability of MSMEs in formulating strategies and switching to selling their products online. Various strategies can be used in e-commerce, one of which is the flash sale countdown timer program. Social media activities and flash sales promotions were able to boost sales figures after the product launch. MSME actors who enter the world of e-commerce also interact with potential buyers by holding live streaming with the aim of utilizing technological developments to reach consumers more broadly. Thus, being able to bring changes to consumer habits, they prefer to shop from home because it is easy, practical, and there are many attractive promos. Therefore, this study was made with the aim of examining the relationship between flash sale countdown timer, live streaming e-commerce on the formation of impulsive buying which is strengthened or weakened by the presence of in-home shopping tendency. Hypothesis testing is done by analyzing Partial Least Square – Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS software. The results showed that flash sale countdown timer and live streaming e-commerce had a positive effect on impulsive buying, also in home shopping tendency as a moderating variable has a positive effect.
القراءات القرآنية في تفسير(جامع البيان عن تأويل آي القرآن) للأمام الطبري (310ه) ومواكبتها للعصور – سورة الفاتحة إنموذجاً
Authors: Fadel Al-Mashhadani Muhammad Ibrahim , Kahlaf Al-Jabbouri Shallal Najim
Published: January 2023

الحمد لله رب العالمين ، والصلاة والسلام على أشرف الأنبياء والمرسلين ، وعلى آلهِ وأصحابهِ أجمعين ... وبعدُ :
فإن علم القراءات من أول العلوم التي تلقاها الصحابة y عن النبي محمد r ، وكان النبي r يقرأ بلهجات الأمصار المختلفة ، وقد نقلت عنه تلك القراءات بالتواتر المستفيض ، وكان الصحابة y لا يختلفون في حرف إلاّ جعلوا الرسول r حَكَماً بينهم ، ومن ذلك ما سمع عمر بن الخطاب t أنه قال : سمعت هشام بن حكيم بن حزام، يقرأ سورة الفرقان على غير ما أقرؤها، وكان رسول الله r أقرأنيها، وكدت أن أعجل عليه، ثم أمهلته حتى انصرف، ثم لببته بردائه، فجئت به رسول الله r ، فقلت: إني سمعت هذا يقرأ على غير ما أقرأتنيها، فقال لي: «أرسله»، ثم قال له: «اقرأ»، فقرأ، قال: «هكذا أنزلت»، ثم قال لي: «اقرأ»، فقرأت، فقال: «هكذا أنزلت إن القرآن أنزل على سبعة أحرف، فاقرءوا منه ما تيسر»([i]) ، مما يؤكد أن تنوّع القراءات هو تنوّع تيسير وسهولة على الأمصار وبلهجاتها ، مما جعله مناسباً لكل الأعصار والأمصار ، وقد عَنِيَ بها النَقَلَةُ في جميع الطبقات روايةً ودراية ،  وقد جعلت بحثي هذا بعد توفيق الله تعالى بعنوان ( القراءات القرآنية في تفسير( جامع البيان عن تأويل آي القرآن) للأمام الطبري (310ه) ومواكبتها للعصور – سورة الفاتحة إنموذجاً) ، لغرض المشاركة في المؤتمر الدولي العاشر ، وقد قسمت بحثي هذا الى مبحثين  تناولت فيهما آيات السورة السبعة المباركات ، وما ورد فيها من أقوال تفسيرية ومن قراءات قرآنية ، وقد بينت ما استطعت مدى ملائمة السورة لكل الاعصار والأمصار ، وأنها سهلة ويسيرة بكل لهجات العرب ، فإن أصبت فمن توفيق الله تعالى ، وإن قَصَّرت فمن نفسي ومن الشيطان ، وحسبي أَنَهُ فعل البشر ، وأسأل الله تعالى أن يجعل هذا العمل خالصاً لوجهه تعالى والحمد لله رب العالمين .
سورة الشمس (دراسة تفسيرية)
Authors: Mohamed Mohamed Mosheb , Khalaf Haki Hamdi
Published: January 2023

يتناول البحث الموسوم (سورة الشمس -دراسة تفسيرية-) سورة من سور القرآن الكريم , وهذه السورة رغم قلة عدد آياتها إلا أنها عظيمة في معانيها وألفاظها شأنها شأن باقي سور القرآن الكريم , وقسم البحث إلى ثلاثة مباحث , المبحث الأول يتضمن مطلبين : الأول تناول اسم السورة ومكان نزولها وفضلها , وتناول المطلب الثاني مناسبتها لما قبلها , والمبحث  الثاني فيه ثلاثة مطالب , الأول في ظلال السورة , والثاني المعنى العام للسورة والثالث معاني المفردات ,  وتضمن المبحث الثالث ثلاثة مطالب , الأول بلاغتها , والثاني إعرابها , والثالث القراءات القرآنية , ثم الخاتمة والمصادر والمراجع .
أثر استراتيجية اليد المفكرة في اكتساب المفاهيم الاسلامية عند طلاب الصف الرابع الإعدادي وتنمية تفكيرهم العلمي
Authors: Sultan ALQaisi Taha Bunyan , Bunyan AL-Qaisi Sadiq Ali
Published: January 2023

يهدف البحث للتعرف على أثر استراتيجية اليد المفكرة في اكتساب المفاهيم الاسلامية عند طلاب الصف الرابع الاعدادي وتنمية تفكيرهم العلمي، ولتحقيق هدفا البحث، اتبع الباحثان إجراءات المنهج التجريبي، إذ اعد الباحثان خططاً تدريسية على وفق استراتيجية اليد المفكرة، بعد ان تأكد الباحثان من صلاحيتها بعرضها على مجموعة من الخبراء والمحكمين، أعدَّ الباحثان اختباراً لاكتساب المفاهيم الاسلامية واختباراً للتفكير العلمي، بعد ان تأكدا من صدقهما وثباتهما، استعمل الباحثان الوسائل الإحصائية الآتية: (الاختبار التائي لعينتين مستقلتين، ومعامل ارتباط بيرسون، ومعادلة معمل الفا كرونباخ)، وبعد تحليل النتائج إحصائياً توصل الباحثان إلى فاعلية استراتيجية اليد المفكرة في اكتساب المفاهيم الإسلامية وتنمية التفكير العلمي، وعن طريق النتائج التي توصَّل إليها الباحثان، تم تقديم عدداً من التوصيات والمقترحات.
فاعلية استراتيجية مقترحة على وفق مفاتيح التفكير العشرين في تحصيل طلاب الصف الخامس الأدبي بمادة التاريخ وتنمية تفكيرهم التأملي
Authors: Atallah Al- Wakaa Abed Hassan
Published: January 2023

هدف البحث الحالي الى التحقق من فاعلية استراتيجية مقترحة على وفق برنامج مفاتيح التفكير العشرين في تحصيل طلاب الصف الخامس الادبي وتنمية تفكيرهم التأملي ولتحقيق هدف البحث، صاغ الباحث ثلاث فرضيات صفرية كما اختار المنهج التجريبي وبتصميم تجريبي ذو المجموعتين المتكافئتين في الاختبار القبلي والبعدي للتفكير التأملي، واختبار التحصيل، طبقت التجربة في الفصل الدراسي الأول من العام الدراسي 2018-2019 حيث تكونت عينة البحث من (64) طالبًا، بواقع (31) للمجموعة التجريبية، و (33) للمجموعة الضابطة، وقد اختيرت مجموعتا البحث عشوائياً وكوفئت بالمتغيرات الآتية (العمر الزمني، الذكاء، تحصيل سابق،  المستوى الدراسي للوالدين، اختبار التفكير التأملي القبلي)، وأعد الباحث (100) هدفاً سلوكياً، وفي ضوء الأهداف أعد الباحث الخطط التدريسية اللازمة لمجموعتي البحث، وتم عرضها على الخبراء والمختصين للتأكد من صلاحيتها وصدقها الظاهري، وأعد الباحث أداتا البحث اختبار التحصيل وتألف من (40) فقرة موضوعية و بأربعة بدائل، كما أعد الباحث اختبار التفكير التأملي وتألف من (20) فقرة موزعة على مهارات التفكير التأملي ، وبعد استعمال الحقيبة الاحصائية(SPSS)  ظهرت نتائج البحث لصالح المجموعة التجريبية في التحصيل وتنمية التفكير.
          واستكمالًا للنتائج التي حصل عليها الباحث وضع عدة استنتاجات وتوصيات وأعد مقترحات دراسة استكمالًا لموضوع البحث الحالي.
التحديات التي تواجه السياسة التشغيلية في العراق
Authors: Ibrahim Al- Jobori Thaer Mohammed
Published: January 2023

إن عدم قدرة الاقتصاد العراقي على توفير فرص عمل جديدة والتي تكون قادرة على استيعاب عدد كبير من الايدي العاطلة عن العمل والداخلين الجدد إلى سوق العمل, حيث تعدّ هذه من أهم التحديات التي تواجه الاقتصاد بشكل عام، هنا يحتاج إلى جهود حثيثة في ظل الطاقات الانتاجية المعطلة في الدولة ، ايضا انعدام الامن يعد من التحديات الكبيرة التي تواجه التشغيل في العراق، وإن الاستثمار من شأنه أن يوفر فرص عمل كبيرة، اضافة إلى إن السياسة التشغيلية في العراق تلاقي العديد من التحديات التي تحول بين تحقيق اهدافها المنشودة، وأن هذه التحديات متعددة منها سياسية ومنها اجتماعية ومنها اقتصادية ، كل هذه التحديات تكون عائق امام هذه السياسة  في تحقيق أهدافها، حيث أن قصور الرؤى السياسية و الاقتصادية والاجتماعية في كيفية إدارة الموارد المتاحة والهدر في الثروات والتبديد من أهم التحديات التي تواجه التشغيل، واضافة إلى الصرعات والحروب والديون الخارجية التي طالما وقفت امام تقدم وتطور المجتمع وسببت في التخلف الاقتصادي وتخلف القطاعات الحيوية في المجالات كافة، وتهميش القطاع الخاص جعله جامدا معطلا ولا سيما هذا القطاع له تأثير كبير على الاقتصاد، أن كل هذه التحديات من شأنها أن تؤدي إلى انهيار على كافة الاصعدة.
From Cognitive Archaeology to a Theory of the Mind, Involved in the Material World. The Foundations of Lambros Malafouris' Material Engagement Theory
Authors: Tikhonov Anatolii Sergeevich , Semenov Vladimir Grigor'evich , Mikhailova Renata Vasil'evna , Agaeva Ekaterina Vasil'evna , Vorobev Dmitrii Nikolaevich , Ivanova Elena Nikolaevna , Sergeeva Nadezhda Aleksandrovna
Published: January 2023

The aim of the study is to uncover the conceptual foundations of Lambros Malafouris' Material Engagement Theory. In order to realise this aim, we have used comparative-historical and analytical-interpretative methods to explicate the genesis, basic assumptions and concepts of the theory. In particular, we have shown that the theory of mind development, involved in the material world, arises in the framework of Colin Renfrew's cognitive-processual archeology. Using evidence from material culture, its proponents attempt to answer the question of the emergence and development of human cognitive functions. To find an answer to the question, Malafouris uses the treatment of the mind as extended into the external world, applying the metaphor of creative dynamic co-evolution. Mind emerges and functions through an ongoing process of mutual enactment of embodied mind and material environment. To identify the specifics of this co-evolutionary treatment, we have explicated the key concepts of material engagement theory: metaplasticity, material agency and material-enactivating signification. They characterise the effects of the cognitive-material engagement process. The scientific significance lies in the fact that of the study contributes to understanding the heuristic potential of Material Engagement Theory, which is emerging within the research programme of embodied cognition.
Paula Stradiņa Medicīnas vēstures muzeja darbība komunistes Hertas Hanzenas vadībā (1961–1972)
Authors:   Pauls Stradiņš Medicine History Museum, Grāvere Rita
Published: January 2023

Raksta mērķis ir izpētīt Paula Stradiņa Medicīnas vēstures muzeja direktores no 1961. līdz 1972. gadam Hertas Hanzenas (1909–1972) vadības stilu, sadarbību ar kolektīvu un citām darbības šķautnēm un analizēt, kā veidojās muzejs viņas ideoloģiskajā vadībā. Hanzena ir dzimusi Rīgā, tomēr kā personība veidojās Padomju Krievijā. Būdama sanitārā ārste pēc izglītības, viņa bija komuniste pēc pārliecības un attiecīgi veidoja 1961. gada 20. jūlijā atklātā muzeja ekspozīciju un krājumu.
To Vax or Not? A Human Rights Review of the Implications of Mandatory Vaccination as a Response to COVID-19
Authors: Lando Victor
Published: January 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic precipitated the largest public health emergency so far experienced in the twenty-first century. As the world frantically pursues a sustainable solution, several vaccines have been tested and approved by the World Health Organization (WHO) under the Emergency Use Listing procedure. On the heels of this development have been moves by some States to adopt mandatory vaccination policies. Several private firms have also required their employees to be vaccinated as a pre-condition for resuming work. This fast-evolving situation brings into sharp focus the tensions between the rights to health, privacy, bodily autonomy and the right to consent to medical treatment on the one hand, and the public health and safety imperatives of protecting global populations against a ravaging pandemic on the other hand. This article argues that aggressive mandatory vaccination policies being propagated globally violate human rights by strengthening prejudices, and stereotypes, and furthering discrimination against those who may be unwilling to take the vaccines for one reason or another. Ultimately, therefore, there will be a need for States to adopt their own tailor-made vaccination frameworks that ensure the respect of individual rights on the one hand, but also ensures that it does not prejudice public safety in the wake of a ravenous pandemic.
Her Ancestors’ Keeper: Realising Africa’s Sustainable Economic Development and Relations through the Infusion of Values in Intra-African Investment Agreements
Authors: Mhlongo Lindelwa Beaulender
Published: January 2023

Traditional African structures, customs, and values had been altered by the colonial authority. Around 1958, post-colonial regimes began to emerge as colonialism began to destabilise. A series of Pan-African Congresses (PAC) were held to explore African concerns and measures for attaining African unity. The PAC’s 5th Congress of Manchester, when most African states earned their independence, is significant for this paper. The PAC argued for the African continent’s full independence and a total rejection of colonialism and exploitation in all forms. As a result, when African governments recovered their independence, they prioritised sovereignty over re-identification in the post-colonial era. However, the African Union (which replaced the Organisation of African Unity) to a certain level, provided Africa with identity through Agenda 2063. Nevertheless, international investment agreements (IIAs) that African states conclude do not contain values or African cultures. The main question in this paper is how can Africa infuse culture and values in its IIAs? The paper seeks to find a way to include African identity, cultures and values in IIAs in a way that would increase the implementation of these instruments.
Prospects and Challenges of Embedding the Human Right to Food Obligations into the Legal Framework for International Agricultural Trade Regulation
Authors: Mota Makore Shelton , Osode Patrick , Lubisi Nombulelo
Published: January 2023

Although many academic commentators have long argued that the World Trade Organization (WTO)-driven liberal rules of international agricultural trade regulation have a negative effect on the enjoyment of the human right to food, especially in developing countries, there is still a dearth of scholarship offering proposals to ameliorate the situation. This article fills this gap by presenting a discussion of the possible avenues for accommodating the food security-related human rights obligations of states in the extant legal framework for international agricultural trade regulation. It argues that such a development, among other measures, is a plausible response to the problem of food insecurity endemic in developing countries and which manifests in international agricultural trade regulation. The article contends that for the WTO to effectively address the human right to food concerns of developing countries, the free trade regulations, as practised in international agricultural trade, must be complemented with the human right to food as a supreme norm sine qua non lege. It is concluded that this eminently desirable outcome can be achieved through the assimilation of the human right to food into the ‘public morals clause’ of Article XX of the GATT, reading the human right to food into the Agreement on Agriculture, adopting some WTO Ministerial Conference proposals, re-configuring some WTO dispute settlement practices, and lastly, by adopting the proposal of the UN Special Rapporteur on the human right to food.
Number and Letter: The Intersection between the Ideographic and Phonographic Subsystems of Russian Graphics
Authors:   Institute of Philology SB RAS, Kim Igor E.
Published: January 2023

The article considers the interaction of elements of Russian digital and alphabetic subsystems in the text space. The interaction appears in two forms: 1) alternative use of digital and alphabetic number notations; 2) juxtaposition of the digital and alphabetic parts of the number notation or quantitative group (a number and a noun) as well as its derivative. The juxtaposition uses three graphic means: merged spelling, connecting with a hyphen and separate writing. It turned out that the use of these means does not depend on whether the numeral or quantitative group is spelled together of separately. This shows the specificity of how Russian native speakers perceive the number as a potentially composite unit consisting of several digits. Such type of number is simultaneously conceived as a unity and as a set of separate quantities.
Semiotic Aspect of the Proper Name: On the Interest of Paisius Ligarides in the Etymology of the Name
Authors:   Institute of Philology SB RAS, Sevastyanova Svetlana K.
Published: January 2023

The purpose of the article is to explain the way in which the Metropolitan of Gaza Paisius Ligarides interpreted the meaning of the name Aleksei. In the dedication to Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, which opens the first part of the book about the ecclesiastical trial of Patriarch Nicon, addressing the Russian ruler, the metropolitan used the metaphors “savior”, “deliverer”, “liberator”, “lover of God” and “lover of Christ” instead of a name. This rhetorical figure, well known in Russian written culture since ancient times, goes back to the Byzantine methods of decorating speech. In an effort to reveal the content of new connotations in the name Aleksei, which arose in the middle of the 17th century in connection with the idea of the liberation mission of Alexei Mikhailovich in the Christian East, actively exploited by the Greeks, Ligarides broke the name into letters, “building up” each to a word. The content of the resulting phrase corresponded to the prophetic moods of our time. This method, outwardly similar to the alphabetic acrostic, was not familiar to Russian baroque culture, which knew many “games” with letters and words. This principle of revealing the hidden meaning of a word did not take root in the Orthodox tradition, where a proper name determined the fate of a person and had a sacred meaning that did not need to be deciphered element by element and understood as a whole, in contrast to the many meanings obtained by manipulating letters and juggling words.
Traditional culture of the Belarusians Omsk Irtysh region. Historiography. Research. Prospects for the development of topics
Authors:   Dostoevsky Omsk State University, Myasnikova S. A.
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to the research base of the folk culture of the Belarusian settlers of the Omsk Irtysh region. The material and spiritual culture of the Belarusians of the Omsk Irtysh region was studied by folklorists, ethnographers, historians, ethnomusicologists, culturologists, and local historians. The primary tasks of this study are to decipher, analyze, systematize and publish archival materials, identify and confirm the places of residence of the descendants of migrants from Belarus, and carry out expeditionary activities. The article gives a brief historiographical overview of the declared topic (historical and folklore-ethnographic studies are covered). Also, an overview genre description of the Belarusian settlers' folklore recorded on the territory of the Omsk Irtysh region is provided. Consideration is given to the actual research direction in the fieldwork of folklorists, as well as prospects in studying the indicated topics. A comprehensive study of the folk culture of the Belarusian settlers of the Omsk Irtysh region is regarded as the most effective in terms of the information content of archival material. The most significant issues today are the actualization and representativeness of archival expeditionary materials. The author of the article suggests a number of areas of activity concerning the Omsk recordings of the Belarusian settlers' folklore: research, publishing, educational, concert, and creative activities. All the activities named above demonstrate the potential of heterogeneous Siberian settelrs' material to be scientifically analyzed and to be representative in publishing, teaching, and concert-creative work.
Task appeared in COVID-19 pandemic when tele-healthcare saved neurosurgical lives in rural area – A case reports and literature review
Authors: Sakamoto Takamitsu , Fujita Yasuhiko , Amagai Teruyoshi
Published: January 2023

In rural areas, the medical resources are extremely limited not only pandemic but non-pandemic period. Tele-healthcare system using digital technology-based telemedicine is widely used across various medical specialties. To solve limitation of medical resources in hospital located in remote isolated areas, telehealthcare system using smart application has been applied to access expert opinions in pre-coronavirus disease (COVID-19) era since 2017. The COVID-19 has spread also in this island during COVID-19 period. We have experienced three consecutive neuroemergency patients. Their ages and final diagnoses were: 98 years with subdural hematoma (case 1), 76 years with post-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (case 2), and 65 years with cerebral infarction (case 3), respectively. The tele-counseling could save two of three transportations to tertiary hospital and also save 6,000 US dollars per case for transportation by helicopter. From these three cases counseled through smart app which has been started to use 2 years before COVID-19 emerged in 2020, what this case series would report are the following two viewpoints: (1) medicoeconomic benefits exist in tele-healthcare system in COVID-19 era and (2) developing telehealthcare systems must be prepared that is available even when the electricity system has been shut down, for instance solar system that could. This system must be developed when non-disaster period for disaster days of natural disasters and human-related disasters including wars and terrorisms.
New Options to Manage Epidermolysis Bullosa
Authors: Bolton Laura
Published: January 2023

RDEB is a genetic skin disorder involving COL7A1, the gene encoding C7, which is a component of the fibers anchoring the epidermis to the dermis. Affected patients (about 1.35 per million persons in the United States) experience lifelong painful itching, blistering, fibrosis, impaired healing, and scarring, with increased likelihood of infection and cancer. RCT involving those affected by RDEB are rare with limited sample sizes due to the low prevalence of this genetic disorder. Treatment with topical or systemic agents has not consistently improved patient outcomes. Therapies focused on replacing C7 using autologous bone marrow or keratinocyte grafts have been difficult, with high complication rates, and have been met with mixed success. Recent HSV-1 vector research led to development of HSV-1 vectors capable of transferring the COL7A1 coding sequence to keratinocytes and fibroblasts in vitro and to mice deficient in C7, as well as to RDEB human skin xenografts. This research offered new opportunities for gene therapy for patients with RDEB. In this final Evidence Corner, readers are invited to consider the implications of 2 small RCTs that suggest fruitful avenues for RDEB research and practice. The first study describes a pioneering phase 1 and 2 RCT of topical gene therapy for RDEB. The second study describes a small crossover RCT exploring the effect of topical calcipotriol (VD3) ointment on wound healing and pruritis in patients with RDEB.
Study of Red Ginseng Preparation HRG80 for Relieving Muscle Pain/Soreness and Supporting the Neuromuscular Performance of Elite Weightlifters in Intense Resistance Exercise: An Open-Label, Randomized, Crossover Trial
Authors:   Anti-Doping Agency of the Republic of Armenia, Armenia, AS Hovhannisyan , DN Mosinyan ,   Kardiomed Family Medical Centre, Armenia, SA Hayrumyan ,   Kardiomed Family Medical Centre, Armenia, AG Panossian ,   Phytomed AB, Sweden
Published: January 2023

This study aimed to assess the efficacy of new Panax ginseng C.A.Mey preparation of increased bioavailability in fatigue assessed as relief of muscle soreness and improving the neuromuscular performance of healthy subjects following a bout of intense resistance exercise. The effects of the hydroponically cultivated red ginseng root powder HRG80TM (RG) γ-Cyclodextrin -based chewable tablets and cyclodextrin-free RG capsules were compared in an openlabel, randomized, crossover trial on 20 elite weightlifters. The RG treatments for 10 days have a statistically significant effect on the relief of the muscle’s soreness compared to the control. No statistically significant difference was observed in the effects of two capsules vs. one tablet suggesting that γ-Cyclodextrin based chewable tablets of red ginseng preparation HRG80 are almost 4-fold active of cyclodextrin-free HRG80 capsules. Furthermore, the effect of tablets vs. control was significant on the 5th day of the treatment, while the effect of capsules vs. control was observed three days later - on the 8th day. However, in push-ups on the uneven bars (PUB) test of neuromuscular performance, the capsule intake results in increased physical performance compared to tablets or control with maximal effect on the 7th day of treatment. The results of this study provide evidence for the efficacy of γ-cyclodextrin-based chewable tablets containing 100 mg of red ginseng HRG80TM for relief of muscle soreness and supporting the neuromuscular performance of healthy subjects in intense resistance exercise.
High-Resolution Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Vibrationally Excited Vinoxide Anions
Authors: Lau Jascha A. , DeWitt Martin , Boyer Mark A. , Babin Mark C. , Solomis Tonia , Grellmann Max , Asmis Knut R. , McCoy Anne B. , Neumark Daniel M.
Published: January 2023

High-resolution photoelectron spectra of vibrationally pre-excited vinoxide anions (CH2CHO‒) are reported using the recently developed IR-cryo-SEVI technique. This method is combined with a newly developed implementation of vibrational perturbation theory that can readily identify relevant anharmonic couplings among nearly degenerate vibrational states. IR-cryo-SEVI spectra are obtained by resonant infrared excitation of vinoxide anions via the fundamental C-O (𝜈4, 1570 cm−1) or isolated C-H (𝜈3, 2546 cm−1) stretching vibrations prior to photodetachment. Excitation of the 𝜈4 mode leads to a well-resolved photoelectron spectrum that is in excellent agreement with a harmonic Franck-Condon simulation. Excitation of the higher energy 𝜈3 mode results in a more complicated spectrum that requires consideration of the calculated anharmonic resonances in both the anion and neutral. From this analysis, information about the zeroth-order states that contribute to the nominal 𝜈3 wavefunction in the anion is obtained. In the neutral, we observe anharmonic splitting of the 𝜈3 fundamental into a polyad feature with peaks at 2737(22), 2835(18) and 2910(12) cm−1, for which only the center frequency has been previously reported. Overall, nine out of the twelve fundamental frequencies of the vinoxy radical are extracted from the IR-cryo-SEVI and ground state cryo-SEVI spectra, most of which are consistent with previous measurements. However, we provide a new estimate of the 𝜈5 (CH2 scissoring) fundamental frequency at 1395(11) cm−1 and attribute the large difference with previously reported values to a Fermi resonance with the 2𝜈11 overtone (CH2 wagging).
Current concepts of the intestinal microbiota and prospects for microbiocenosis adjustment: A review
Authors: Khavkin Anatoly I. , Vashura Andrey I. , Kovtun Tatiana A. , Tabulovich Elena V.
Published: January 2023

The review presents current data on the interaction between the human body and the community of microorganisms inhabiting its gastrointestinal tract. The terminology and methods for analyzing quantitative and qualitative characteristics of gut microbiota are presented. The review also focuses on the concepts of eubiosis, dysbiosis, and the possibilities of correcting dysbiosis with probiotics and probiotic foods.
Iron deficiency in children: modern aspects of the problem, possibilities of primary prevention: A review
Authors: Samorodnova Elena A.
Published: January 2023

Iron deficiency (ID) is common in the pediatric population, primarily due to inadequate iron intake from food and a high requirement due to rapid growth. The most significant for pediatric practice are latent iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia. Hyposiderosis significantly impacts a child's physical and cognitive development and immunological reactivity. It can be an independent condition and complicate the course of several other diseases. The article presents data on the most significant factors contributing to the ID, risk groups, clinical presentation features (sideropenic and anemic syndromes), criteria of laboratory diagnostics of iron deficiency anemia according to the clinical guidelines "Iron deficiency anemia" approved by the Russian Ministry of Health in 2021, and the latent iron deficiency developed by the World Health Organization experts. Also, the algorithm of ID primary prevention, diet therapy approaches, and the use of functional products and dietary supplements to meet the iron requirement of a child's organism are discussed.
Familial chylomicronemia syndrome in children and adolescents: diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Pshenichnikova Irina I. , Zakharova Irina N. , Osmanov Ismail M. , Trunina Inna I. , Pupykina Viktoria V. , Arsel'gova Indira Kh.-B. , Koba Yulia V. , Bocharova Tatiana I. , Abazova Aia R.
Published: January 2023

Familial chylomicronemia syndrome is a rare inherited disease. Recessive mutations in genes encoding lipoprotein lipase or modulator proteins result in loss of enzyme function. As a result, the removal of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins from plasma is impaired, severe hypertriglyceridemia develops, and the risk of acute pancreatitis sharply increases. The mainstay of treatment for patients with familial chylomicronemia syndrome is a specialized, very low-fat diet.
AQUIFER DELINEATION USING SEISMIC REFRACTION METHOD IN RUMUOHIA COMMUNITY, EMOHUA L.GA, RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Ellerton Abbey Minaibim , Tamunoberetonari Iyeneomie , Ibim Horsfall Opiriyabo
Published: January 2023

Groundwater is a major source of water supply throughout the world. Its dependence is at the increase, so is highly necessary to ensure that there is a significant supply of potable water with high quality. On the verge of seeing these problems, we investigated shallow aquifer in Rumuohia community in Emohua local government area, Rivers State, Nigeria which aimed at utilizing seismic refraction method to delineate depth to shallow aquifer and geological structure of the terrain at five selected locations. The analysis of the result shows two layers with the presence of sand-gravel and clay lithologies. Layer 1 in all five locations is made up of clay with an average velocity of 274.83m/s with a thickness range of 4.88m to 9.98m at an average of 7m. Layer 2 in two locations is made up of sandy clay. In one location, it is clay while in the remaining two locations they are sand with gravel (dry), which infers a potential aquifer with an average velocity of 422.63m/s. The sand being present indicates a good aquifer, and clay serves as a stopper for the sand since it tends to go through compaction by overburden pressure. The study area is generally a good site for a borehole with a high tendency for potable water supply.
LENTICUBELLA: A NEW TETHYAN LAGENID BENTHIC FORAMINIFERAL GENUS
Authors: Salim Anan Haidar
Published: January 2023

Lenticubella n. gen. is introduced here to include the Paleocene benthic Lagenid Foraminiferids from some Tethyan localities (Poland and Egypt) that characterized by symmetrical planispirally enrolled hyaline calcareous test in the early stage, followed by later uniserial stage, moderately involute chambers, smooth surface, radiate aperture, with periphery keeled in some individuals. Some representatives of the new genus have been previously assigned to the genus Darbyella, or Lenticulina, or Robulus. The new genus has a compiled characters between its lenticular test (as the genus Lenticulina Lamarck (with its symmetrical planispirally enrolled test, and smooth surface), and also another genus Darbyella Howe and Wallace (which has planispiral-uniserial test with inclined positon on the uniserial part on the early planispiral direction). Two Paleocene species of the new genus are described from Poland in the Northern Tethys (L. irregularis and L. polonica), and another two species from Egypt in the Southern Tethys (L. kurkurensis and L. misrensis). The Polonian species have flush or slightly depressed sutures, while the Egyptian species have raised sutures, mainly in the planispiral stage, but slightly depressed sutures in the uniserial stage.
IMPACT OF BIOLOGICALWASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT AND PAHARRANG DRAIN ON GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION AND ITS HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT
Authors: Manzoor Amina , Rashid Haroon , Nasir Abdul , Ud Din Hafiz Moeen , . Ahmad , Saif ullah Ahsan , Maqsood Anam
Published: January 2023

In developing nations like Pakistan, the dumping of untreated industrial effluents into drains is a major source of subsurface pollution. This research was carried out at the area of Chokera, Faisalabad and focused on the Paharrang drain to examine its impact on groundwater quality since companies in the area discharge untreated sewage into the drain at various points along its length. It was primarily concerned with determining the impact of the outflow on groundwater quality and observing discharge rate fluctuations. The goal of this study was to assess the toxicity of the drain’s effluent and treatment plant on groundwater quality. Physio-chemical parameters such as pH, EC, TDS, TSS, DO, Carbonates, Bicarbonates, Cl, Arsenic, Lead, Chromium, Copper, Cadmium, and Zinc were measured in the collected samples. The findings of these samples were compared to WHO recommendations. The values of these data were represented using ArcView GIS v10.2 and a mapping of quality parameters. None of the values in the wastewater samples were determined to be within the WHO acceptable limit. Similarly, groundwater investigation revealed that all samples were unsuitable for human consumption. Drinking groundwater directly might be hazardous to one’s health.
ECO-FRIENDLY AND COST-EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF TOMATO FRUIT BORER (HELICOVERPA ARMIGERA) IN LAMJUNG DISTRICT OF NEPAL
Authors: Rashik Ghimire Aashish , Acharya Suraj , Gauli Karuna , Airee Sandeep
Published: January 2023

A field experiment was conducted in Besishahar Municipality, Lamjung to identify eco-friendly and effective pesticides against tomato fruit borer (Helicoverpa armigera). The experiment setup was designed in Randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 7 treatments viz. are T1(Neem extract), T2(Bacillus thuringiensis), T3(Spinosad), T4(HNPv), T5( Tobacco extract), T6(Metarhizium anisopliae) and T7(control) and each treatment was replicated four times Spinosad gave highest percentage reduction of pest over control (PROC) 66.52% and 68.85% after the 1st and 2nd spray respectively. Bacillus thuringiensis was found to be another promising insecticide reducing the larval population with PROC (49.55%) after 2nd spray. The highest marketable fruit yield (48.50 ton/ha) and lowest fruit damage (8.53 ton/ha) were obtained from Spinosad treated plots followed by Bacillus thuringiensis with a marketable yield of 46 ton/ha and fruit damage of 11.47ton/ha. The highest benefit-cost ratio was obtained from spinosad (2.05) followed by Bacillus thuringiensis (1.94). Thus, spinosad and Bacillus thuringiensis could be the potential option for the management of tomato fruit borer and increasing the return.
FOOD COST ANALYSIS DURING LOCKDOWN USING ACTIVITY BASED COSTING AND FOOD FREQUENCY QUESTIONARE METHODS
Authors: Supardi Edi , Nurjanah Noneng
Published: January 2023

The emergence of the debate about the level of effectiveness and efficiency of vaccination versus lockdown policies currently attracts the attention of the authors. The author believes that the lockdown policy will be effective to be implemented in the future. This study was aimed to determine the type and amount of food needs and obtain a mathematical model to predict the cost of food security if the lockdown policy scenario is implemented. Urban areas are used as subjects in this study due to the vulnerability of food availability in cities when a pandemic condition occurs where food supply from the supply area (rural) is disrupted. The novelty of this research is the use of two exploratory methods, that is activity base costing and a food frequency questionnaire which aims to obtain information about the number of basic food needs for 100 residents of batununggal village, bandung city, as the research sample. The results of the study found that the cost of food per person is rp. 219,848 per pax for 14 days. With the following mathematical equation food cost during 14 days lockdown = idr 219,848 x, x = person. The cost of lockdown in general is much cheaper than the cost of vaccinations currently being carried out by the government.
ANALYSIS OF SPOILAGE AND STORAGE OF FRESH TOMATO IN PLATEAU STATE NIGERIA
Authors: O. Adedire, , A.O. Oladejo, , J.J. Mbah, , A.S. Popoola, , Y Sadiku, , G.C. Onuwa, , G.K. Sikiru,
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this research was to determine spoilage resulting from adopted methods of storage among tomato sellers relative to quantity stored in major markets of Plateau State, Nigeria. Methods used to obtain data from 400 tomato sellers involve administration of structured questionnaires based on purposive and simple random sampling techniques. Descriptive statistics, F-test, t-test and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) methods were used to analyse the data. Results from the use of F-test and t-test statistics showed that there is significant relationship among variables and that both storage methods and quantity stored of fresh tomato have significant effect on total quantity of tomato spoiled at 95% confidence bound. Consequently, a model of the association was presented. It was concluded that majority of tomato sellers used woven baskets to store tomatoes. Also, heat and pathogens were major factors causing tomato spoilage and more tomatoes spoiled during rain season than dry season.
FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO ADOPTION OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES: A CASE OF INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT (IPM) IN KHULNA DISTRICT OF BANGLADESH
Authors: Talukder Ashis , Naznin Sabira , Hossain Sabreena , Sultana Simlin , Haq Md. Iqramul
Published: January 2023

This study tries to find the contributing factors of the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) adoption behavior of Bangladeshi farmers. For analysis, the necessary information was collected from 345 farmers residing in Phultala Upazila of Khulna division, Bangladesh with structured questionnaires. A simple random sampling technique was applied for data collection. In the bivariate setup, the association between the adoption status of IPM and possible contributing factors was examined by performing a chi-square test. A multivariable logistic regression was applied in a multivariate setup. The estimates of the model provide evidence that farmers’ education level, farm size, training status on IPM, membership status of IPM club and farmer’s field school have significant effects on farmers’ adoption behavior of IPM. The findings call for greater attention on the part of the government for increasing farmers’ education level, facilitating more training programs and arranging several motivational seminars on IPM at the primary level.
EFFICIENT REMOVAL OF HEAVY METALS BY PHYTOREMEDIATION TECHNIQUES
Authors: Nasir Khan Shahbaz , Mohsin Mohammad , Farooq Anwar Muhammad
Published: January 2023

Direct and indirect disposal of different wastes either due to some accidental spillage or due to practicing of sewage sludge to agricultural fields for diverse reasons in the water reservoirs contributes towards contamination of our ecosystem. Physical removal or immobilization is required for making soil and water contaminant-free from such kind of heavy metals. The Earth crust is mainly composed of these heavy metals and as they are non-degradable in nature, so there is a greater risk of their entrance into the food web and lead to various health hazards. Phytoremediation is an innovative, environment friendly, cost-effective, and aesthetically pleasing approach to remove/immobilize heavy metals. Processes mainly involves the detoxification, removal, or stabilization of retentive pollutants via utilization of vegetation and is a green environmental-friendly tool for cleaning polluted soils. It is a broad-spectrum remediation mechanism in which several processes are involved as mentioned here includes phyto-stabilization, rhizo-filtration, rhizo-degradation, phyto-degradation, phyto-extraction, and phyto-volatilization. Use of aromatic non-edible plants is sustainable and the best treatment approach for the elimination of toxic metals. These plants are not removed directly by humans or animals like non-aromatic edible crops such as cereals, pulses, or vegetables. This research is entirely based on qualitative analysis with descriptive approach. The crops like mustard plant, sunflower, rapeseed etc. are effectively put in an application at sites with superficial contamination of organic or inorganic contaminants via the above-mentioned six techniques. Phytoremediation is a reliable reclaiming treatment and hence the most demanding remediation technology in the world.
Machine learning process on social media
Authors: A Anthony
Published: January 2023

The present literature describes the process of machine learning implemented on social media platforms. The increasing use of social media has gained momentum in recent past with every sector is dependent on social media for their beneficial aspects. In order to cope with the applications, the concept of machine learning has been introduced to define and maintain the flow. Hence the study gives brief idea about the roles of its influence on social media.
A Recipe for Paradox
Authors: Ahmad Rashed
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we provide a recipe that not only captures the common structure of semantic paradoxes but also captures our intuitions regarding the relations between these paradoxes. Before we unveil our recipe, we first talk about a well-known schema introduced by Graham Priest, namely, the Inclosure Schema. Without rehashing previous arguments against the Inclosure Schema, we contribute different arguments for the same concern that the Inclosure Schema bundles together the wrong paradoxes. That is, we will provide further arguments on why the Inclosure Schema is both too narrow and too broad.

We then spell out our recipe. The recipe shows that all of the following paradoxes share the same structure: The Liar, Curry's paradox, Validity Curry, Provability Liar, Provability Curry, Knower's paradox, Knower's Curry, Grelling-Nelson's paradox, Russell's paradox in terms of extensions, alternative Liar and alternative Curry, and hitherto unexplored paradoxes.

We conclude the paper by stating the lessons that we can learn from the recipe, and what kind of solutions the recipe suggests if we want to adhere to the Principle of Uniform Solution.
Boole's indefinite symbols re-examined
Authors: Makinson David
Published: January 2023

We show how one can give a clear formal account of Boole’s notorious “indefinite" (or “auxiliary”) symbols by treating them as variables that range over functions from classes to classes rather than just over classes while, at the same time, following Hailperin’s proposal of binding them existentially.