bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristics and mixing state of amine-containing particles at a rural site in the Pearl River Delta, China
Authors: Cheng Chunlei , Huang Zuzhao , Chan Chak K. , Chu Yangxi , Li Mei , Zhang Tao , Ou Yubo , Chen Duohong , Cheng Peng , Li Lei , Gao Wei , Huang Zhengxu , Huang Bo , Fu Zhong , Zhou Zhen
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Particulate amines play an important role for the particle acidity and hygroscopicity and also contribute to secondary organic aerosol mass. We investigated the sources and mixing states of particulate amines using a single-particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SPAMS) during summer and winter 2014 at a rural site in the Pearl River Delta, China. Amine-containing particles accounted for 12.8 % and 9.2 % of the total detected individual particles in summer and winter, respectively. Amine-containing particles were classified into three types: elemental and organic carbon (ECOC), biomass burning (BB), and nitrate-rich. ECOC amine-containing particles were the most abundant, constituting 67.2 % and 74.8 % of amine particles in summer and winter, respectively. Both ECOC and BB type amine-containing particles contained abundant carbonaceous and carbon-nitrogen species, as well as sulfate and nitrate, in summer and winter. The nitrate-rich amine-containing particles were mixed with abundant sea-salt markers in summer, indicating a possible association between the amine emission source and marine phytoplankton. In summer, only 6.7 % of the total amine-containing particles were found to be mixed with ammonium, while in winter this percentage increased to 55 %. The ammonium-poor state of amine-containing particles in summer may have been caused by the displacement of particle-phase ammonium by amine uptake, which was more efficient in summer at higher ambient RH (72 ± 13 %) than in winter (63 ±11 %). In ECOC-type amine-containing particles, the time series of the amine peak area and the sum of the nitrate and sulfate peak areas were similar in both summer and winter, suggesting the formation of aminium sulfate and nitrate salts. The particle acidity of ECOC-type amine-containing particles was represented by the relative acidity ratio (Ra), which was defined as the ratio of the total sulfate and nitrate peak areas to the ammonium peak area. The Ra decreased from 348 ± 335 and 28 ± 14 to 10 ± 5 and 9 ± 2 in summer and winter, respectively, after including amines along with the ammonium in the acidity calculation, suggesting that it is reasonable to consider amines when estimating particle acidity. Based on the influence of amines on particulate ammonium and particle acidity, particulate amines could have an impact on the newly found missing source of sulfate produced from the oxidation of SO2 by NO2 with NH3 neutralization during haze episodes under high ambient relative humidity in northern China.
Mediterranean Precipitation Response to Greenhouse Gases and
Aerosols
Authors: Tang Tao , Shindell Drew , Samset Bjørn H. , Boucher Oliviér , Forster Piers M. , Hodnebrog Øivind , Myhre Gunnar , Sillmann Jana , Voulgarakis Apostolos , Andrews Timothy , Faluvegi Gregory , Fläschner Dagmar , Iversen Trond , Kasoar Matthew , Kharin Viatcheslav , Kirkevåg Alf , Lamarque Jean-Francois , Olivié Dirk , Richardson Thomas , Stjern Camilla W. , Takemura Toshihiko
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Atmospheric aerosols and greenhouse gases affect cloud properties, radiative balance and thus, the hydrological cycle. Observations show that precipitation has decreased in the Mediterranean since the 20th century, and many studies have investigated possible mechanisms. So far, however, the effects of aerosol forcing on Mediterranean precipitation remain largely unknown. Here we compare Mediterranean precipitation responses to individual forcing agents in a set of state-of-the-art global climate models (GCMs). Our analyses show that both greenhouse gases and aerosols can cause drying in the Mediterranean, and that precipitation is more sensitive to black carbon (BC) forcing than to well-mixed greenhouse gases (WMGHGs) or sulfate aerosol. In addition to local heating, BC appears to reduce precipitation by causing an enhanced positive North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)/Arctic Oscillation (AO)-like sea level pressure (SLP) pattern, characterized by higher SLP at mid-latitudes and lower SLP at high-latitudes. WMGHGs cause a similar SLP change, and both are associated with a northward diversion of the jet stream and storm tracks, reducing precipitation in the Mediterranean while increasing precipitation in Northern Europe. Though the applied forcings were much larger, if forcings are scaled to those of the historical period of 1901–2010, roughly one-third (31 ± 17 %) of the precipitation decrease would be attributable to global BC forcing with the remainder largely attributable to WMGHGs whereas global scattering sulfate aerosols have negligible impacts. The results from this study suggest that future BC emissions may significantly affect regional water resources, agricultural practices, ecosystems, and the economy in the Mediterranean region.
Laboratory and In-flight Evaluation of a Cloud Droplet Probe (CDP)
Authors: Faber Spencer , French Jeffrey R. , Jackson Robert
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Laboratory and in-flight evaluations of measurements from a Cloud Droplet Probe (CDP) are presented. A description of a water droplet-generating device, similar to those used in previous studies, is provided along with validation of droplet sizing and positioning. Laboratory evaluations of a CDP using the droplet generating system indicate errors in sizing that depend on both droplet diameter and position within the sample area through which a droplet transited. For the smallest diameters tested, the CDP undersized droplets by 1–4 μm for the majority of those sampled. The remaining droplets were sized to within 1 μm of the actual diameter. Droplets with diameters of 17 and 24 μm were sized correctly, within 2 μm, which is the nominal CDP bin width for droplets of that size. For all larger diameters, the majority of droplets were oversized by 2–4 μm, while a small percentage were severely undersized, by as much as 30 μm. This combination leads to an artificial broadening of the spectra, although errors in higher order moments were generally less than 10 %. Comparisons of liquid water content (LWC) calculated from the CDP and that measured from a Nevzorov hotwire probe were conducted for 17,917 1 Hz in-cloud points. Although some differences were noted based on volume-weighted mean diameter and total droplet concentration, the CDP-estimated LWC exceeded that measured by the Nevzorov by approximately 20 %, more than twice the expected difference based on results of the laboratory tests and considerations of Nevzorov collection efficiency.
Potential sources of a priori ozone profiles for TEMPO tropospheric ozone retrievals
Authors: Johnson Matthew S. , Liu Xiong , Zoogman Peter , Sullivan John , Newchurch Michael J. , Kuang Shi , Leblanc Thierry , McGee Thomas
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Potential sources of a priori ozone (O3) profiles for use in Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO) satellite tropospheric O3 retrievals are evaluated with observations from multiple Tropospheric Ozone Lidar Network (TOLNet) systems in North America. An O3 profile climatology (tropopause-based O3 climatology (TB-Clim), currently proposed for use in TEMPO O3 retrieval algorithms) based on ozonesonde observations and O3 profiles from 3 separate models (operational Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS-5) Forward Processing (FP) product, reanalysis product from Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications version 2 (MERRA2), and the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model (CTM)) were: 1) evaluated with TOLNet measurements on various temporal scales (seasonally, daily, hourly) and 2) implemented as a priori information in theoretical TEMPO tropospheric O3 retrievals in order to determine how each a priori impacts the accuracy of retrieved tropospheric (0–10 km) and lowermost tropospheric (LMT, 0–2 km) O3 columns. We found that all potential sources of a priori profiles evaluated in this study generally reproduced the vertical structure of summer-averaged observations of O3 profiles. However, larger differences between the a priori profiles and lidar observations were observed when evaluating inter-daily and diurnal variability of tropospheric O3. The TB-Clim O3 profile climatology was unable to replicate observed inter-daily and diurnal variability of O3 while model products, in particular GEOS-Chem simulations, displayed more skill in reproducing these features. Due to the ability of models, primarily the CTM used in this study, on average to capture the inter-daily and diurnal variability of tropospheric and LMT O3 columns, using a priori profiles from these model simulations resulted in TEMPO retrievals with the best statistical comparison with lidar observations. Furthermore, important from an air quality perspective, when high LMT O3 values are observed, using GEOS-Chem a priori profiles resulted in TEMPO LMT O3 retrievals with the least bias.
Environmental controls on the elemental composition of a Southern Hemisphere strain of the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi
Authors: Feng Yuanyuan , Roleda Michael Y. , Armstrong Evelyn , Law Cliff S. , Boyd Philip W. , Hurd Catriona L.
Published: January 2018

Abstract. A series of semi-continuous incubation experiments were conducted with the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi strain NIWA1108 (Southern Ocean isolate) to examine the effects of five environmental drivers (nitrate and phosphate concentrations, irradiance, temperature, and partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2)) on both the physiological rates and elemental composition of the coccolithophore. Here, we report the alteration of the elemental composition of E. huxleyi in response to the changes in these environmental drivers. A series of dose–response curves for the cellular elemental composition of E. huxleyi were fitted for each of the five drivers across an environmentally representative gradient. The importance of each driver in regulating the elemental composition of E. huxleyi was ranked using a semi-quantitative approach. The percentage variations in elemental composition arising from the change in each driver between present-day and model-projected conditions for the year 2100 were calculated. Temperature was the most important driver controlling both cellular particulate organic and inorganic carbon content, whereas nutrient concentrations were the most important regulator of cellular particulate nitrogen and phosphorus of E. huxleyi. In contrast, elevated pCO2 had the greatest influence on cellular particulate inorganic carbon to organic carbon ratio, resulting in a decrease in the ratio. Our results indicate that the different environmental drivers play specific roles in regulating the elemental composition of E. huxleyi with wide-reaching implications for coccolithophore-related marine biogeochemical cycles, as a consequence of the regulation of E. huxleyi physiological processes.
Modelling ocean-colour-derived chlorophyll a
Authors: Dutkiewicz Stephanie , Hickman Anna E. , Jahn Oliver
Published: January 2018

Abstract. This article provides a proof of concept for using a biogeochemical/ecosystem/optical model with a radiative transfer component as a laboratory to explore aspects of ocean colour. We focus here on the satellite ocean colour chlorophyll a (Chl a) product provided by the often-used blue/green reflectance ratio algorithm. The model produces output that can be compared directly to the real-world ocean colour remotely sensed reflectance. This model output can then be used to produce an ocean colour satellite-like Chl a product using an algorithm linking the blue versus green reflectance similar to that used for the real world. Given that the model includes complete knowledge of the (model) water constituents, optics and reflectance, we can explore uncertainties and their causes in this proxy for Chl a (called derived Chl a in this paper). We compare the derived Chl a to the actual model Chl a field. In the model we find that the mean absolute bias due to the algorithm is 22 % between derived and actual Chl a. The real-world algorithm is found using concurrent in situ measurement of Chl a and radiometry. We ask whether increased in situ measurements to train the algorithm would improve the algorithm, and find a mixed result. There is a global overall improvement, but at the expense of some regions, especially in lower latitudes where the biases increase. Not surprisingly, we find that region-specific algorithms provide a significant improvement, at least in the annual mean. However, in the model, we find that no matter how the algorithm coefficients are found there can be a temporal mismatch between the derived Chl a and the actual Chl a. These mismatches stem from temporal decoupling between Chl a and other optically important water constituents (such as coloured dissolved organic matter and detrital matter). The degree of decoupling differs regionally and over time. For example, in many highly seasonal regions, the timing of initiation and peak of the spring bloom in the derived Chl a lags the actual Chl a by days and sometimes weeks. These results indicate that care should also be taken when studying phenology through satellite-derived products of Chl a. This study also reemphasizes that ocean-colour-derived Chl a is not the same as the real in situ Chl a. In fact the model derived Chl a compares better to real-world satellite-derived Chl a than the model actual Chl a. Modellers should keep this is mind when evaluating model output with ocean colour Chl a and in particular when assimilating this product. Our goal is to illustrate the use of a numerical laboratory that (a) helps users of ocean colour, particularly modellers, gain further understanding of the products they use and (b) helps the ocean colour community to explore other ocean colour products, their biases and uncertainties, as well as to aid in future algorithm development.
New experimental diagnostics in combustion of forest fuels:
Microscale appreciation for a Macroscale approach
Authors: Cancellieri Dominique , Leroy-Cancellieri Valérie , Silvani Xavier , Morandini Frédéric
Published: January 2018

Abstract. In modelling the wildfire behaviour, a good knowledge of the mechanisms and the kinetic parameters controlling the thermal decomposition of forest fuel is of great importance. Lab-scale experimental diagnostics as Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Cone Calorimeter (CC) or Fire Propagation Apparatus (FPA) led to valuable results for modelling the thermal degradation of vegetal fuels and allowed several upgrades of pyrolysis models. But, these works remain beyond large-scale conditions of a wildland or forest fire. In an effort to elaborate the kinetic models under realistic natural fire conditions, a mass-loss device specifically designed for the field scale has been developed. The paper presents primary results gained using this new device, during large-scale experiments of controlled fires. The experimental data collected at the field scale lead to a new insight about thermal degradation processes of natural fuel, when compared to the kinetic laws established in TGA. These new results, provide a global description of the kinetics of degradation of Mediterranean forest fuels.
Global warming causes sinkhole collapse – Case study in Florida, USA
Authors: Meng Yan , Jia Long
Published: January 2018

Abstract. The occurrence frequency and intensity of many natural geohazards, such as landslides, debris flows and earthquakes, have increased in response to global warming. However, the effects of such on development and spread of sinkholes has been largely overlooked. Most research shows that water pumping and related drawdown is the most important factor in sinkhole development, but in this paper evidence is presented which highlights the role played by global warming in causing sinkholes. The state of Florida, USA is used as a case study in which the role of global warming is evident, based on correlation analysis between sinkhole collapse and peak drought periods. Three distinct drought and sinkhole collapse phases are evident between 1965 and 2006, along with eight peak periods of sinkhole collapse that lag slightly behind eight peak drought periods. A prediction equation is derived according to curve fitting and a correlation coefficient of 0.999 is determined. The results of this study confirm that global warming related to climate change has led to an increase in sinkhole collapse events in Florida over the past 50 years, which is of significance for studying the occurrence and prediction of other sinkhole collapse events and global warming on an international scale.
Intermittent turbulence in the heliosheath and the magnetosheath plasmas based on Voyager and THEMIS data
Authors: Macek Wiesław M. , Wawrzaszek Anna , Kucharuk Beata
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Turbulence is complex behavior that is ubiquitous in space, including
the environments of the heliosphere and the magnetosphere. Our
studies on solar wind turbulence including the heliosheath, and even
at the heliospheric boundaries, also beyond the ecliptic plane, have
shown that turbulence is intermittent in the entire heliosphere. As
is known, turbulence in space plasmas often exhibits substantial
deviations from normal Gaussian distributions. Therefore, we analyze
the fluctuations of plasma and magnetic field parameters also in the
magnetosheath behind the Earth's bow shock. Based on THEMIS
observations, we have already suggested that turbulence behind the
quasi-perpendicular shock is more intermittent with larger kurtosis
than that behind the quasi-parallel shocks. Following this study, we
would like to present a detailed analysis of intermittent anisotropic
turbulence in the magnetosheath depending on various characteristics
of plasma behind the bow shock and now also near the magnetopause. In
particular, for very high Alfvénic Mach numbers and high plasma
beta we have clear non-Gaussian statistics in the directions
perpendicular to the magnetic field. On the other hand, for
directions parallel to this field the kurtosis is small and the plasma
is close to equilibrium. However, the level of intermittency for the
outgoing fluctuations seems to be similar to that for the
ingoing
fluctuations, which is consistent with approximate equipartition of
energy between the oppositely propagating Alfvén waves. We hope
that the difference in characteristic behavior of these fluctuations
in various regions of space plasmas can help to detect some complex
structures in space missions in the near future.
Optimal transport for variational data assimilation
Authors: Feyeux Nelson , Vidard Arthur , Nodet Maëlle
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Usually data assimilation methods evaluate observation-model misfits using weighted L2 distances. However, it is not well suited when observed features are present in the model with position error. In this context, the Wasserstein distance stemming from optimal transport theory is more relevant.This paper proposes the adaptation of variational data assimilation for the use of such a measure. It provides a short introduction of optimal transport theory and discusses the importance of a proper choice of scalar product to compute the cost function gradient. It also extends the discussion to the way the descent is performed within the minimization process.These algorithmic changes are tested on a nonlinear shallow-water model, leading to the conclusion that optimal transport-based data assimilation seems to be promising to capture position errors in the model trajectory.
Acoustic mapping of mixed layer depth
Authors: Stranne Christian , Mayer Larry , Jakobsson Martin , Weidner Elizabeth , Jerram Kevin , Weber Thomas C. , Anderson Leif G. , Nilsson Johan , Björk Göran , Gårdfeldt Katarina
Published: January 2018

Abstract. The ocean surface mixed layer is a nearly universal feature of the world oceans. The depth of the mixed layer (MLD) influences the exchange of heat and gases between the atmosphere and the ocean and constitutes one of the major factors controlling ocean primary production as it affects the vertical distribution of biological and chemical components in near-surface waters. Direct observations of the MLD are traditionally made by means of conductivity, temperature and depth (CTD) casts. However, CTD instrument deployment limits the observation of temporal and spatial variability of the MLD. Here, we present an alternative method where acoustic mapping of the MLD is done remotely by means of commercially available ship-mounted echosounders. The method is shown to be highly accurate when the MLD is well defined and biological scattering does not dominate the acoustic returns. These prerequisites are often met in the open ocean and it is shown that the method is successful in 95 % of data collected in the central Arctic Ocean. The primary advantages of acoustically mapping the MLD over CTD measurements are: (1) considerably higher temporal and horizontal resolutions and (2) potentially larger spatial coverage.
Learning a Behavioral Sequence: An Accessible Challenge for Myrmica sabuleti Workers?
Authors: Cammaerts Marie-Claire , Cammaerts Roger
Published: January 2018

We aimed to investigate on the ability of the ant Myrmica sabuleti in learning a behavioral sequence. We created two sequences consisting in navigating through five successive elements on the way to the nest, and tried to learn them to foragers. They could progressively learn a sequence for which the different steps were presented in a backward order. Doing so, each exhibited step leaded to an already known step and thus to the reward consisting in finally entering the nest. The ants were unable to learn a behavioral sequence for which the different steps were presented in a forward order. With the latter kind of presentation, each exhibited step leaded to an unknown step and thus not to the reward. Myrmica sabuleti ants learned thus a behavioral sequence when going through operant conditioning and not by using the response to a step as a motivation for responding to the next step. On the contrary, highly evolved mammals (monkey, humans) and birds (parrots) can learn a behavioral sequence according to a backward or a forward chaining, or by being presented with the entire sequence and memorizing, then imitating the different steps.
Analysing Poverty in Nigeria through Theoretical Lenses
Authors: Danaan Victoria Voelwoen
Published: January 2018

Various indicators suggest that poverty is a major obstacle to Nigeria’s socio-economic development. Poverty has persisted and several interventions have failed to yield significant improvement in Nigeria’s Human Development Index even in periods of economic growth. Plagued with the challenges of unemployment crises, climate change, conflict, fragility and violence, Nigeria (the most populous country in Africa) stands at a grave risk if poverty is not tackled. This paper explores seven theories of poverty in literature: The Culture of Poverty, Individual Deficiency Theory, Progressive Social Theory, Geographical Disparities Theory, Cyclical Interdependence Theory, Poverty Individualisation and the Theory of Social Exclusion /Cumulative Disadvantage. It reviews these theories by employing a qualitative and descriptive research approach in order to broaden the understanding of the complexities of the phenomenon of poverty from a global worldview and examine how these relate to the nature of poverty in Nigeria. It corroborates the fact that poverty in Nigeria is complex and multidimensional in its conceptualization and measurement, encompassing economic, social, cultural and psychological indicators. The paper therefore attempts to explore the phenomenon of poverty within the Nigerian context by examining these theoretical paradigms. It suggests an understanding of underlying causal factors of poverty in designing pro-poor programmes and a hydra-headed approach to tackle its menace effectively and progressively. It argues that poverty reduction is realizable by empowering people to develop resilience to cope and overcome it within the scope of their resources and capabilities.
Assessing Land Use and Land Cover Changes in the Murchison Bay Catchment of Lake Victoria Basin in Uganda
Authors: Kiggundu Nicholas , Anaba Listowel Abugri , Banadda Noble , Wanyama Joshua , Kabenge Isa
Published: January 2018

The Murchison Bay catchment in the northern shoreline of Lake Victoria basin is a high valued ecosystem because of the numerous human-related activities it supports in Uganda. The catchment has undergone tremendous human-induced land use/cover changes, which have not been quantified. This study aimed at quantifying the land use/cover changes as well as the rate at which these changes occurred over the last three decades in the catchment. This was achieved using remote sensing techniques and Geographic Information System (GIS) to analyse and contextualize the changes. To that effect, images of Landsat satellites MSS, TM, ETM+ and OLI were interpreted using supervised image classification technique to determine the land use/land cover changes from 1984 to 2015. The obtained results indicated that the catchment has undergone huge land use and land cover transformations over the last three decades attributable to rapid population growth and urbanization. The prevailing changes in footprint between 1984 and 2015 were expansions of built–up land (20.58% to 49.59%) and open water bodies (not detected in 1984 to 1.74%), and decreases in the following sectors: agricultural lands (from 43.88% to 26.10%), forestland (from 23.78% to 17.49%), and wetlands (from 11.76% to 5.08%). The changes pose a threat to the environment and water quality of the Murchison Bay and consequently increases National Water and Sewerage Corporation water treatment costs. Therefore, there is the need to take critical and practical measures to regulate and police land use, water use rights and conserve the environment especially wetlands.
The Effect of Land Use Systems on Soil Properties; A case study from Rwanda
Authors: Bizuhoraho Theobald , Kayiranga Alexis , Manirakiza Noel , Mourad Khaldoon A.
Published: January 2018

Land use change has a significant impact on the ecosystem. In this paper the effects of land use change on the physicochemical properties of the soil in Rulindo District, Rwanda have been studied. Three different land use types were selected; forestland, cattle farmland and cultivated land. A randomised complete block research design was used to carry out this research. Nine soil samples were collected and then analysed. The distributed samples were analysed in the Soil Laboratory of University of Rwanda-Busogo campus, while the undisturbed samples were analysed in-situ. Eight physicochemical properties were measured: pH, Organic Matter (OM), available nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, soil bulk density, moisture content and porosity. The results showed that changing land use from forest or farm to cultivated land reduced the organic matter, available nitrogen, soil moisture and porosity while bulk density and pH were significantly increasing. On the other hand, the exchangeable potassium and exchangeable phosphorus did not change significantly for the both land use changes. Hence, the reduction of forestland and farmland are highly sensible to erosion and will decline soil fertility. The paper proposed few steps and recommendations to be the base for a new sustainable land use management in Rwanda.
Integrated Management of Fusarium Wilt-Root Knot Nematode Complex on Tomato in Central Highlands of Kenya
Authors: Wanjohi Waceke J. , Wafula Geoffrey O. , Macharia Charles M.
Published: January 2018

Tomato plays a critical role in meeting nutritional food requirements, generating income and creating employment for both the rural and urban populations in Kenya. However, its production is threatened by the Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici, root knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp), Fusarium wilt-root-knot nematode complex and Tomato leaf miner (Tuta absoluta) among others. Yield losses of 80-100% in some instances, have been reported due to the Fusarium wilt - root knot nematode complex. Field experiments were set up in two sites (Kagio and Mwea) in Kirinyaga County in Central highlands of Kenya to evaluate the effectiveness of various Integrated Pest Management (IPM) packages for the management of fusarium wilt-root knot nematode disease complex in tomatoes. The trials were established in two seasons, the long rains (March – July 2016) and the short rains (September 2016- January 2017). The IPM packages tested were NatuGro system (a combination of soil improvers, plant biostimulants and Trichoderma harzianum T22), a fungicide (carbendazim), Nemix (Bacillus sp. based biocontrol agent) and bionematicide (Paecilomyces lilacinus T251) applied either singly or in combination. Root knot nematode (RKN) gall index, as a measure of nematode disease severity was assessed twice during the experimental period; at flowering and mid fruit stage, while severity of fusarium wilt was assessed using the vascular wilt rating scale of 0-5. Fusarium wilt incidence was evaluated biweekly from 2 weeks after transplanting by visual assessment of wilt symptoms and expressing them as a percentage of total number of plants per plot. Both total and marketable tomato yields were determined at the end of the experimental period (4 months after transplanting). Integrating NatuGro system, Carbendazim and P. lilacinus was most effective in reducing RKN disease severity and damage and improving tomato growth followed by NatuGro system applied singly. Fusarium wilt severity and incidence were low throughout the experimental period and in all the treatments in both experimental sites.
A revision of the spider genus Raveniola (Araneae, Nemesiidae). I. Species from Western Asia
Authors: Zonstein Sergei , Kunt Kadir B. , Yağmur Ersen A.
Published: January 2018

The genus Raveniola Zonstein, 1987 is found to be represented in Western Asia by 16 species: ♂♀ R. adjarica sp. nov. (Georgia), ♂ R. anadolu sp. nov. (Turkey), ♂ R. arthuri Kunt & Yağmur, 2010 (Turkey), ♂ R. birecikensis sp. nov. (Turkey), ♂♀ R. dunini sp. nov. (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran), ♂♀ R. hyrcanica Dunin, 1988 (Azerbaijan), ♂ R. marusiki sp. nov. (Iran), ♂ R. mazandaranica Marusik, Zamani & Mirshamsi, 2014 (Iran), ♂♀ R. micropa (Ausserer, 1871) (Turkey), ♀ R. nana sp. nov. (Turkey), ♂♀ R. niedermeyeri (Brignoli, 1972) (Iran), ♂♀ R. pontica (Spassky, 1937) (Russia, Georgia), ♀ R. sinani sp. nov. (Turkey), ♂♀ R. turcica sp. nov. (Turkey), ♂♀ R. vonwicki Zonstein, 2000 (Iran) and ♂♀ R. zaitzevi (Charitonov, 1948) (Azerbaijan, Georgia) = ♀ Brachythele recki Mcheidze, 1983, syn. nov. Eight species are newly described; others are redescribed from types and/or conspecific material. Males of R. micropa and R. zaitzevi, hitherto unknown, are described for the first time. Data on the variability, relationships, distribution, and ecology of all considered species are also provided.
Exploring influence and autoethnography: A dialogue between two counselling psychologists
Authors: Kracen Amanda C. , Baird Katie
Published: January 2018

This article utilises a dialogical approach to explore the potential of autoethnography as a research method for counselling psychology while using the method to reflect on what it means to have influence as a researcher. We use a collaborative autoethnographical approach to explore the themes of influence, curiosity, rich insight and sincerity. We attempt to bring honesty and transparency to our collaborative dialogue about our previous work on vicarious trauma (VT) and secondary traumatic stress (STS), as well as how our themes are revealed in the different paths we have taken as counselling psychologists since our earlier collaboration. We consider what it means to influence, to be influential, and to be influenced. Through our dialogue, we try to speak with authenticity about our experiences as colleagues, counselling psychologists, scientist practitioners, and human beings. We discuss both the potential contribution of autoethnographical approaches and the challenges of using these methods, for counselling psychologists.
Age-related changes in children’s strategies for solving two-digit addition problems
Authors: Lemaire Patrick , Brun Fleur
Published: January 2018

The present study investigated how elementary-school children solve two-digit addition problems (e.g., 34+68). To achieve this end, we examined age-related differences in children’s strategy use and strategy performance. Results showed that (a) both third and fifth graders used a set of 9 strategies, (b) fifth-grade individuals used more strategies than third-grade individuals, (c) age-related differences in the size of strategy repertoire was partially explained by age-related differences in basic arithmetic fluency, (d) how often children used each available strategy changed with problem difficulty and children’s age, as younger children tended to focus more on one or two strategies and older children used a wider range of strategies, (e) increased arithmetic performance with age varied with problem difficulty both when overall performance was analyzed and when analyses of performance was restricted to children’s favorite strategy. The present findings have important implications for our understanding of how complex arithmetic performance changes with children’s age and change mechanisms underlying improved performance with age in complex arithmetic.
Impairment of Arabic- and spoken-number processing in children with mathematical learning disability
Authors: Lafay Anne , Macoir Joël , St-Pierre Marie-Catherine
Published: January 2018

The performance of 24 French-Quebec 8‒9-year-old children with Mathematical Learning Disability (MLD) in Arabic and spoken number recognition, comprehension and production tasks designed to assess symbolic number processing was compared to that of 37 typically developing children (TD). Children with MLD were less successful than TD children in every symbolic numerical task, including recognition of Arabic and spoken numbers. These results thus suggested that this deficit of symbolic number recognition could compromise symbolic number comprehension and production. Children with MLD also presented with general cognitive difficulties as reading difficulties. Taken together, our results clearly showed that children with MLD presented with a symbolic numerical processing deficit that could be largely attributed to their poorer written language skills.
Discours innu sur la maison
Authors: Charest Paul
Published: January 2018

Cet article analyse le discours sur la maison d’hommes et de femmes innues de trois
catégories d’âge (18-35 ans, 35-60 ans, aîné-e-s) de quatre communautés innues du Québec :
Mashteuiatsh, Uashat (Sept-Îles), Maliotenam (Mani-Utenam) et Nutashkuan. Six thèmes y sont
abordés : le rôle des Innus, du ministère des Affaires indiennes et des conseils de bande
dans la construction des maisons ; la pénurie de maisons et leur surpeuplement ; la qualité
de construction des maisons ; les modèles de maisons ; les avantages et les désavantages de
vivre dans une maison ; la maison comme symbole d’acculturation, voire d’assimilation. Cette
partie est précédée d’une partie plus brève traçant dans ses grandes lignes l’histoire des
réserves innues de la province à partir du milieu du xixe siècle et d’une introduction présentant le corpus de données
provenant d’une soixantaine d’entrevues réalisées entre 2010 et 2012 dans ces quatre
communautés, ainsi que la méthodologie d’analyse de contenu du discours utilisée. Les
résultats de ces analyses du discours indiquent une ambivalence culturelle envers la maison
comparativement à la tente : la vie d’aujourd’hui dans une maison est comme un pis-aller par
rapport à la vie d’autrefois sous la tente.
Un héritage à habiter
Authors: Vaillancourt Marie-Ève
Published: January 2018

L’article propose une réflexion sur la notion contemporaine de l’habiter au sein de la nation innue en adoptant un angle d’analyse « géopoétisant » à la manière dont Naomi Fontaine perçoit son univers dans le roman Kuessipan / À toi et dans sa courte nouvelle Puamun, le rêve. Les espaces qui sont convoqués par la voix et le regard de la jeune auteure sont de quatre ordres : celui du territoire, le Nitassinan et le Nutshimit (tradition) ; celui de la ville (fuite) ; celui de la réserve, l’Innu Assi (quotidien) et celui du rêve (imaginaire). Chacun évoque les fondements d’un habiter complexe qui assume en quelque sorte le métissage entre les visages ancien et actuel de la culture innue.
Imaginer l’aménagement soutenable des villages inuits du Nunavik
Authors: Vachon Geneviève , Rivard Érick , Avarello Mathieu , St-Jean Laurence
Published: January 2018

Cet article porte sur un processus collaboratif de design urbain visant la conception de visions d’avenir concrètes et soutenables pour deux villages inuits du Nunavik. En plus de données sur l’adaptation culturelle et climatique des milieux de vie, les propositions des auteurs s’appuient sur des observations, des savoirs autochtones et différents concepts d’aménagement nordique, de même que sur l’avis d’experts et d’informateurs locaux. Comment planifier une offre adéquate en logements et en espaces partagés pour favoriser des milieux adaptés aux pratiques locales et aux conditions climatiques extrêmes ? Quelles formes donner à ces milieux tout en respectant les contraintes environnementales, sociales et organisationnelles ? Les projets font émerger des connaissances (ou prises de connaissance) en lien avec l’aménagement sur les composantes et les paysages qui fondent l’identité des villages, ainsi que sur le rôle, l’occupation et l’adaptabilité des lieux d’échanges, sur la perception de la densité et sur l’acceptabilité d’autres manières possibles d’organiser les secteurs résidentiels.
Influence de la manifestation climatique sur les régimes pluviométriques saisonniers dans le haut bassin versant du Sénégal
Authors: Faty Abdoulaye , Kane Alioune , Ndiaye Amadou Lamine
Published: January 2018

La variabilité climatique, notamment pluviométrique, en Afrique de l’Ouest en général et en zone sahélo-saharienne en particulier, présente d’énormes conséquences pour le développement socio-économique. Cependant, des variables de pluie, de températures, d’humidités relatives et de débits constituent les données à étudier dans le cadre de la variabilité du climat. Cette étude a pour objectif de rechercher l’influence de la manifestation climatique sur les régimes pluviométriques saisonniers dans le haut bassin versant du fleuve Sénégal. D’une part, il s’agit de caractériser la manifestation climatique à partir de l’analyse de la température de l’air, l’humidité relative de l’air, la variation des indices pluviométriques et, d’autre part, il est question de comparer les normales pluviométriques mensuelles sur la période 1955-2014 afin de dégager le comportement des régimes pluviométriques saisonniers dans le contexte de variabilité climatique. On conclut que la température de l’air et l’humidité relative de l’air sont des facteurs de la variabilité temporelle des régimes pluviométriques saisonniers dans le haut bassin versant du fleuve Sénégal.
Systèmes d’alerte précoce pour les aléas naturels et environnementaux : virage ou mirage technologique ?
Authors: Didier David , Bernatchez Pascal , Dumont Dany
Published: January 2018

Les systèmes d’alerte précoce sont un moyen de réduction des risques naturels. Bien qu’ils soient appliqués depuis plusieurs décennies pour la plupart des aléas, notamment pour les aléas hydrométéorologiques et géologiques, ils sont généralement inefficaces. Le Québec est sujet à une multitude d’aléas hydrométéorologiques (verglas, déluge, submersion, érosion, etc.), certaines occurences dans les dernières décennies ont mené à un questionnement des acteurs quant à l’efficacité de réponse des systèmes en place. Grâce à une revue exhaustive de la littérature, cet article fait ressortir les conditions qui permettent l’opérationnalisation efficace des systèmes d’alerte précoce, en les positionnant dans le contexte d’une gestion de risque. Elle synthétise également les facteurs qui contraignent son fonctionnement et souligne certains critères de réussite. Plusieurs facteurs techniques, administratifs et sociaux influencent leur fonctionnement alors que la principale contrainte à leur efficacité réside dans la communication de l’alerte et dans la réponse non appropriée qui y fait suite. Mettre en opération un système d’alerte précoce efficace demande une approche holistique en opposition aux systèmes de communication linéaire basés sur la technologie qui voit la population à la fin du processus. Si l’intérêt des systèmes d’alerte précoce est de diminuer le risque encouru par une population, amoindrir sa vulnérabilité exige que le type de système soit adapté au contexte local. Joindre les connaissances scientifiques au savoir local peut contribuer à cibler les besoins réels et facilite la transmission des connaissances pour l’ensemble des acteurs. Cette collaboration peut se réaliser grâce à un suivi environnemental. Pour diminuer la vulnérabilité, un retour d’expérience des communautés vers le système semble nécessaire.
El reportaje gráfico: una alternativa del compromiso periodístico. Representación contextual y estrategias narrativas en Barcelona. «Los vagabundos de la chatarra» (2014)
Authors: Faye Thomas
Published: January 2018

En la producción reciente de novelas gráficas, la influencia del contexto social cobra una relevancia particular y creciente en de la construcción de la diégesis y en la elaboración de la estética iconotextual. A través de la denuncia, por Carrión y Sagar, de la precariedad de los ilegales que sobreviven del comercio clandestino de residuos, pretendemos explorar la especificidad de una escritura gráfica periodística marcada por su heterogeneidad y tratar, así, de comprender cómo los recursos narrativos y semióticos tradicionales de la representación iconotextual permiten renovar el tratamiento de hechos contextuales en un soporte híbrido, entre diégesis y mundo referencial.
Volumen 1 (2016): Historieta y sociedad
Authors: Souto (coord.) Luz C. , Martínez Rubio (coord.) José
Published: January 2018

El usuario puede descargarse aquí el volumen 1 completo.
Cultura Libre o Derechos de autor ¿una disyuntiva innecesaria en el siglo XXI?
Authors: Ferrando Mateu Rosa Anna
Published: January 2018

El presente estudio versará alrededor de los conceptos de derechos de autor y de cultura libre, de la importancia de la propiedad intelectual y su mercantilización. De esta forma, observaremos cómo estos derechos de autor han pasado a formar parte de un entramado de leyes, perdiendo el propio autor su derecho a la obra y pasando este a un tercero. Con la ayuda de la idea que nos propone Lawrence Lessig en su libro «Cultura libre. Cómo los grandes medios están usando la tecnología y las leyes para encerrar la cultura y controlar la creatividad», expondremos cómo existe una tensión entre los intereses que hay detrás de la propiedad intelectual.
El miedo y la memoria en «El ruido de las cosas al caer» de Juan Gabriel Vásquez
Authors: Albornoz Vásquez María Victoria
Published: January 2018

En este artículo me propongo analizar dos temas centrales de la novela de Juan Gabriel Vásquez, El ruido de las cosas al caer, el miedo y la memoria. La novela de Vásquez nos acerca a la violencia que asoló a Colombia durante los últimos años de la década de los ochenta y comienzos de los noventa, no a partir de sus protagonistas históricos, sino a partir de personajes anónimos y representativos de toda una generación que se vio afectada por estos hechos. Mostraré cómo el miedo (su presencia, su ausencia) se constituye en uno de los principales vínculos entre los personajes, y cómo la reflexión sobre la memoria rebasa el plano individual e intenta dar respuesta a muchas de las preguntas sobre Colombia, como país y como sociedad, que aún siguen vigentes.
Literatura transnacional en Cataluña: «La filla estrangera» de Najat El Hachmi
Authors: Darici Katiuscia
Published: January 2018

Mi propuesta se centra en el caso de Najat El Hachmi, sobre todo en relación a su identidad étnico-cultural y a la de la protagonista de la novela La filla estrangera (2015) la hija a la que el título se refiere. Se comenzará dando una definición de Literatura transnacional, describiendo el compromiso con la identidad y la lengua catalana por parte de la escritora, al tiempo que se aborda el tema de la translingüedad. Seguidamente se presentan los puntos claves de la novela, relacionados con el deseo y la búsqueda de una integración cultural difícil pero deseada.
Representaciones y cambio cultural. La web literaria Zenda: autores, libros y cía. dentro del debate sobre la superación de la posmodernidad
Authors: Enache Vic Irina
Published: January 2018

El artículo se propone analizar la recepción de Zenda: Autores, libros y cía. (web literaria fundada en abril 2016 por un grupo de escritores españoles) entre los internautas, no tanto para situarla dentro del periodismo cultural, sino para identificar tipos de representaciones posibles desde el cambio cultural. Se aplicarán en este sentido las recientes teorías anglosajonas que apuntan hacia la superación de la posmodernidad. Apoyándonos en el análisis de fenómenos culturales y socioeconómicos recientes, los mecanismos del mundo editorial y una encuesta hecha entre los internautas, identificaremos tres representaciones posibles de Zenda: una posmoderna, definida por la heterogeneidad y el antielitismo; la segunda nacida de valores positivos y humanistas propios de una nueva episteme que pretende suprimir la mediación para acceder más de cerca a las cosas (autenticidad, independencia, accesibilidad, hospitalidad); por último, una representación basada en los simulacros de estos valores, asimilados y desvirtuados por la lógica capitalista que sigue gobernando.
Nuevas formas de escritura en el cambio cultural del siglo XXI
Authors: Candel Vila Xelo
Published: January 2018

Presentation of the dossier
21st Century Scriptures
Authors: Candel Vila Xelo
Published: January 2018

Full volume 1 download
La provocación autoficcional de Gran Vilas
Authors: Scarano Laura
Published: January 2018

Las poéticas que explotan la homonimia sacuden los perfiles convencionales del género lírico, sujeto históricamente a pautas no ficcionales y experimentan nuevas directrices con una proliferación de rótulos alternativos como el de “autoficción”.  Uno de los poemarios recientes que mejor ilustra los alcances lúdicos de la autoficción poética es Gran Vilas (2012) del prolífico escritor Manuel Vilas (Huesca, 1962). Humor y amor comparten letras y sílabas en su atrevida estética. Y el juego del nombre propio no busca consolidar un perfecto ego, sino mostrarnos su naturaleza social, su provocadora alteridad, su saludable inconsistencia.
BIOSORPTION OF METHYLENE BLUE BY WASTE APRICOT SHELLS FROM FOOD INDUSTRY
Authors: Šoštarić Tatjana , Petrović Marija , Milojković Jelena , Petrović Jelena , Stanojević Marija , Lačnjevac Časlav , Stojanović Mirjana
Published: January 2018

In this paper, the removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution by biosorption ontoapricot shellshas been investigated through batch experiments. Apricot shells were chosen as alocally available and abundant waste from fruit juice industry. Methylene blue is common pollutantof waste waters from textile industry.The influence of initial MB concentration on biosorption process has been studied. Theexperimental data have been analysed using Langmuir and Freundlichisotherm models. TheLangmuir model better fits to experimental data, which explain monolayer adsorption. Maximumbiosorption capacity is 24,31 mg/g. A comparison of the biosorption capacity of waste apricot shellswith biosorption capacities of similar adsorbents previously investigated indicates that apricotshells could be a promising biosorbent for removal of MB from aqueous solution.