bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGELOLAAN PERIZINAN REKLAME DI KOTA MALANG DENGAN PERSPEKTIF TRIPLE LOOP
Authors: Tri Hardianto Willy , Purwatiningsih Anissa , Bupu Ivonia
Published: July 2023

The government through the Disnaker PMPTSP optimizes ad retribution revenue. But on the other hand, this advertisement in its installation has disturbed and damaged the beauty of the city because it did not comply with the regulations made for it. This situation encourages researchers to examine in depth the Advertising Management Policy with a Triple Loop perspective. The purpose of this study is to find out how the billboard management policy is with a Triple Loop perspective in Malang City. To obtain the expected information, this research uses descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The research results show that understanding the triple loop is how to structure the relationship between organizational structure and habits are fundamentally changed as organizations learn how to learn. Outcomes of this learning include improving ways of understanding and changing goals, developing a better understanding of how to respond to the environment and deepening our understanding of why we choose to do things.AbstrakPemerintah melalui Disnaker PMPTSP mengoptimalkan penerimaan retribusi iklan. Tetapi disisi lain iklan ini dalam pemasangan telah mengganggu dan merusak keindahan kota dikarenakan tidak mengindakan peraturan yang dibuat untuk itu. Keadaan tersebut mendorong peneliti untuk mengkaji mendalam tentang kebijakan pengelolaan reklame dengan perspektif Triple Loop. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahuai bagaimana kebijakan pengelolaan reklame dengan perspektif Triple Loop di Kota Malang. Untuk mendapatkan informasi yang diharapkan tersebut maka penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman Triple Loop adalah bagaimana menata hubungan antara struktur dan kebiasaan organisasi diubah secara fundamental karena organisasi belajar bagaimana untuk belajar. Hasil dari pembelajaran ini termasuk meningkatkan cara untuk memahami dan merubah tujuan, mengembangkan pemahaman yang lebih baik mengenai bagaimana menanggapi lingkungan dan memperdalam pemahaman kita tentang mengapa kita memilih untuk melakukan sesuatu.
MANAJEMEN KELAS DENGAN PENDEKATAN BEHAVIOR- MODIFICATION APPROACH DAN IMPLEMENTASINYA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MAHARAT AL KALAM
Authors: Maâ€™arif Amrulloh Khoirul , Muhtarom Muhtarom
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTTeaching book or text book is compilation of teaching material. Teaching book consider as one of the most important aspect in teaching activity, because it help teachers to design teaching process in class so the main or aim of the teaching can be achieved. This research purpose is to (1) know the process of making teaching book for maharoh qiro'ah (reading skill) based on Tsaqofah Islamiyah (Islamic culture) in Ibnu Sina education campus of Kepanjen Malang. (2) to know the effectiveness of using teaching book or text book. This research is research and developmentÂ  (R and D), the research method used to create a product; teaching book or text book and test it to the research subject after having validation from the experts. The population in this research is all the students semester 3 who take reading 3. The development model is adopted from Moelenda model with 5 steps of ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, implementation, evaluation)Key Words: development, text book for maharoh qiroâ€™ah, Islamic Culture
Ø§Ù„Ø®Ø·Ø§Ø¡ Ø§Ù„Ù„ØºÙˆÙŠ: Ø§Ù„ØªØ¯Ø®Ù„ ÙÙŠ Ø§Ù„ØªØ¹Ø¨ÙŠØ± Ø§Ù„Ø´ÙÙˆÙŠ Ù„Ø¯Ù‰ Ø§Ù„Ø·Ù„Ø§Ø¨ Ø¨Ù…Ø±ÙƒØ² Ø§Ù„Ù„ØºØ© Ø§Ù„Ø¹Ø±Ø¨ÙŠØ© ÙÙŠ Ø§Ù„Ù…Ø¹Ù‡Ø¯ Ø§Ù„Ù‚Ø§Ø¯Ø±ÙŠ Ø§Ù„Ø¥Ø³Ù„Ø§Ù…ÙŠ Ø¬Ù…Ø¨Ø±
Authors: Zakiyudin M.Hari , Mukarromah Inayatul , Hasan Nur
Published: July 2023

Arabic learners often encounter obstacles in the form of interference from their mother tongue or the first language they master. This is one of the consequences of using the mother tongue too often in daily conversation and is included as one of the language errors. This study aims to (1) determine the process of language interference in Arabic against students in the Arabic language learning center area at the Al-Qodiri Islamic Boarding School Jember, (2) find out the types of language interference. This research uses descriptive qualitative research to get the results the researcher wants. The results of this study indicate that there are 3 types of language interference, namely: arrangement interference, morphological interference (prefix-infic-suffix) and syntactic interference (grammatical).
PELATHAN KADER RW SIAGA SEHAT JIWA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS CIGEUREUNG KECAMATAN CIPEDES KOTA TASIKMALAYA
Authors: Kustiawan Ridwan , Cahyati Peni , Hartono Dudi , Riyana Asep
Published: July 2023

The process of community empowerment in this case mental health cadres who have a role in moving the community in following counseling on mental health is very important, considering that in the community there are many sources that can cause families to experience mental health risks or disorders in addition to maintaining their health conditions. Mental health cadres are expected to be able to provide knowledge to the public about the mental problems faced by them. Through this training activity, the basic skills possessed by cadres regarding early detection of mental health, education about mental health are increased. This will go hand in hand with the active participation of health care workers, in this case the public health facilities nurses. The mental health cadre training was attended by 42 cadres at the Cigeureung Community Health Center. Based on the results of the pretest & posttest, the score increased by 16 points (9.2%), meaning that there was an increase in cadres' knowledge of mental health. In addition, cadres can detect mental health early through simulations in families and communities
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PELAYANAN PERAWATAN DUKUNGAN DAN PENGOBATAN PASIEN HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS DI PUSKESMAS ANTANG MAKASSAR
Authors: Suryadarma Andi Tenri Olle , Fattah Sulaeman , Kamariah Najmi
Published: July 2023

Kota Makassar berada di urutan pertama dengan jumlah pengidap HIV terbesar di Sulawesi Selatan. Untuk mencegah terjadinya penularan semakin meluas salah satu cara yang dilakukan pemerintah dengan pembentukan layanan HIV/AIDS atau disebut Layanan Perawatan Dukungan dan Pengobatan (PDP). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seperti apa implementasi pelayanan Perawatan Dukungan dan Pengobatan (PDP) pasien HIV di Puskesmas Antang Kota Makassar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan layanan PDP Puskesmas Antang pada aspek sumber daya manusia sudah terbentuk tim pokja layanan PDP. Pada aspek layanan dan kegiatan sudah dilakukan pemberdayaan pasien HIV dengan baik, untuk aspek obat dan sarana laboratorium yaitu terpenuhinya ketersediaan peralatan dan sarana laboratorium cukup memadai, ketersediaan obat dapat dipenuhi meskipun pernah terjadi kekurangan obat ARV namun tetap dapat ditemukan solusi untuk mengatasi kekurangan tersebut. Perlu dilakukan penambahan sumber daya manusia, menyediakan ruangan layanan PDP dan pengaturan alur penyaluran obat ARV dari Dinas Kesehatan setempat.
A trans-Pacific movement reveals regular migrations of humpback whales Megaptera novaeangliae between Russia and Mexico
Authors: Ransome N , Frisch-Jordán A , Titova OV , Filatova OA , Hill MC , Cheeseman T , Bradford AL , Urbán R J , Martínez-Loustalot P , Calambokidis J , Medrano-González L , Burdin AM , Fedutin ID , Loneragan NR , Smith JN
Published: July 2023

Humpback whalesMegaptera novaeangliaeundertake extensive annual migrations, have complex migratory patterns, and have held several mammalian long-distance movement records. Here, we report on a whale known to feed in the Russian Far East that was sighted in breeding areas on either side of the North Pacific, the Mariana Islands and Mexico, in less than 1 yr (357 d apart). This is the longest published distance (11261 km great-circle route) between 2 unique sightings of a photo-identified humpback whale to date. To understand the context of this movement, we investigated records of whales that had been sighted in Russian feeding areas and Mexican breeding areas using historic and newly available photo-identification data. We found 117 humpback whales documented in both countries between 1998 and 2021, revealing a substantial increase from the only 11 matches that were previously known. These whales exhibited high site fidelity to Mexico, with one-third seen in multiple years, and up to 10 yr. However, we also found that they changed breeding areas more frequently than Mexico whales matched to other feeding areas, illustrating how the Mariana Islands-Mexico movement may have occurred. We document the first complete round-trip migrations between Mexico and Russia, a journey of >16400 km, the longest known migration of Northern Hemisphere humpback whales. Our data demonstrate regular trans-Pacific movements of humpback whales in the North Pacific, highlighting the importance of Mexico for the species ocean-basin-wide and the need for effective local management to aid in the conservation of multiple at-risk distinct population segments.
EXPLORING THE EMOTIONAL GEOGRAPHIES OF TEAM TEACHING LECTURER IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
Authors: Herdiawan Rama Dwika , Rofii Agus , Nurhidayat Eka , Fitriani Dini
Published: July 2023

Emotions undoubtedly surface, which teachers face while resulting from the session. It is consistent with Hargreaves' view that teaching, learning, and leadership have an irrevocably emotional nature, whether on purpose or accidentally. The study seeks to evaluate an English teacher's experiences. According to Webster and Mertova (2007), narrative inquiry is based on human tales, which give a framework for investigating how people experience the world through their stories. Webster and Mertova state that narrative inquiry is a subfield of narrative research. The inquiry aimed to examine the emotional geography of team teaching lecturers in the English Language Education Department. A 33-year-old male English lecturer at a private University in Majalengka enhanced his professionalism by participating in several international and national conferences, which reflected the aspects of social and emotional well-being, such as presenting his article and having some discussions with other scholars. During the team teaching, the participants were given the opportunity and trust to do every single activity from the beginning to the end. His teaching partner treated him very well in implementing various programs within the team teaching. In brief, the emotional geographies contribute to developing a lecturer’s professional and cognitive aspects, which have been implemented during the instructional process. They also influence the way students learn and follow the lecturer’s instructions and potentially shape them to have a good attitude when interacting with each other.
Geometrical intuition components for designing mathematical tasks
Authors: Mutammam Muhamad Badrul , Juniati Dwi , Wulandari Evi Novita
Published: July 2023

Geometrical intuition is the ability to visualize, construct, and manage geometrical shapes in the mind when solving geometry problems. Geometrical intuition requires four skills: the ability to construct and manage geometrical figures in mind, perceive geometrical properties, connect pictures to concepts and theories in geometry, and determine where and how to begin when solving geometry problems. This geometric intuition ability is important for developing problem-solving. Therefore, we need a task that can be used to identify and develop students' geometric intuition abilities. This research aims to design a geometric intuition task. We employ design research methods to design geometrical intuition tasks by conducting a literature review on geometric intuition and geometry tasks, creating geometrical intuition tasks, and estimating and noting the possible student responses. This study produced three types of tasks based on the four components of geometric intuition. We provide a list of possible responses that junior high school students may provide, as well as practical suggestions for teachers. We recommend research using our developed task to evaluate students' geometrical intuition.
The Electoral Performance of Afghan Political Parties: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: İNAÇ Hüsamettin , MURADİ Shugofa
Published: July 2023

This article aims to examine the electoral results of two Afghan political groups in the former and post-Taliban periods in Afghanistan. The study's main objective is to evaluate the electoral victories of the Afghan Social Democratic Party (Afghan Mellat) and Jamiat-e Islami Afghanistan (the Islamic Society of Afghanistan). Basic, deductive, and comparative analysis is used in the study, which is mostly conducted by examining the primary and secondary data that are already accessible. In order to get to a conclusion, the study examines how the two parties listed above have changed historically and looks into their organizational structure, communication plans, and clientele relationships. This article explains the conclusion that political parties with connections to prominent local figures—Mujahidin and ethnic leaders have substantial political and electoral support bases—generally do better in elections than organizations with less connections. Accordingly, Afghan Mellat, which has poor relationships with the local notables, Mujahidin and ethnic leaders, is experiencing less electoral success than Jamiat-e Islami Afghanistan, which has strong ties to the local notables, Mujahidin and ethnic leaders. Building relationships with the Mujahidin provides a platform for bolstering organizational and financial resources, which are important elements increasing the possibility of electoral/party victory.
Impurity effects on activation energy, structure and physical properties of Ybco superconductor
Authors: ÖZABACI Murat
Published: July 2023

The influence of separately added 0.3 wt%, CdO, Bi2O3, BeO and SiO2 on the phase formation, microstructure, magnetic and transport properties of Y1Ba2Cu3O(7-$\delta$)  (Y-123 or YBCO) fabricated by conventional solid state reaction method has been analyzed. The results reveal a very low solubility limit for bismuth and silicon in the Y-123 phase, leading to precipitation phases located within intergranular regions. BeO addition suppresses the granular nature of the structure by probably incorporating into the host matrix. CdO does not have a remarkable effect both on structural and superconducting properties of the Y-123 at this doping ratio. Attractive infield transition behavior was obtained in the Bi2O3 added sample with a narrower transition width and an increase of transition temperatures approximately 1 K. The activation energy (U0), a potential energy barrier to prevent flux flow, of the samples was estimated by taking into account Arrhenius law. The best U0 value was computed to be 1.11 eV belonging to the Bi2O3 added sample which implies the contribution of 3-5 µm sized Bi containing precipitation regions on the flux pinning capability of the Y-123.
Analysis of Bragg curve parameters and lateral straggle for proton and carbon beams
Authors: EKİNCİ Fatih , BOSTANCI Gazi Erkan , DAĞLI Özlem , GÜZEL Mehmet Serdar
Published: July 2023

Heavy ions have varying effects on the target. The most important factor in comparing this effect is Linear Energy Transfer (LET). Protons and carbons are heavy ions with high LET. Since these ions lose energy through collisions as they move through the tissue, their range is not long. This loss of energy increases along the way, and the maximum energy loss is reached at the end of the range. This whole process is represented by the Bragg curve. The input dose of the Bragg curve, full width at half maximum (FWHM) value, Bragg peak amplitude and position, and Penumbra thickness are important factors in determining which particle is advantageous in tumor treatment. While heavy ions move through the tissue, small deviations occur in their direction of travel due to Coulomb collisions. These small deviations cause lateral straggle in the dose profile. Lateral straggle is important in determining the type and energy of the particle used in tumor treatments close to critical organs. In our study, when the water phantom of protons and carbon beams with different energies is taken into consideration, the input dose, FWHM value, peak amplitude and position, penumbra thickness and lateral straggle are calculated using the TRIM code and the results are compared with Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. It was found that the proton has an average of 63% more FWHM and 53% more Penumbra than the carbon ion. The carbon ion has an average of 28-45 times greater Bragg peak amplitude at the same Bragg peak location than the proton. It was observed that the proton scattered approximately 70% more in lateral straggle. The difference was found to be around 1.32 mm. In line with all these results, the most commonly used proton and carbon heavy ions in hadron therapy applications were compared.
Modern technology of surgical treatment for central retinal detachment with macular hole in patients with highly complicated myopia and scleral staphyloma
Authors: Arsiutov D. G. , Pashtaev N. P.
Published: July 2023

Introduction. At present the major problem is the imperfection of the surgical approaches and the effectiveness of the surgical treatment for macular holes of various diameters associated with central retinal detachment in patients with high myopia and scleral staphyloma in the central zone. The main difficulty lies in creating the effective tamponade of the vitreous cavity necessary to close the macular hole. No less important is the effective blocking of the macular hole itself in the presence of deep scleral staphyloma. Silicone oils are currently used as a tamponing agent in most cases. Their viscous properties do not always allow the retina to be fully adapted. Searching for alternative highly effective methods of the surgical treatment for this pathology should increase anatomical and functional effectiveness of the treatment.

The aim of this work is to develop the methodology and analyze the results of the surgical treatment of patients with central retinal detachment against the background of the macular holes of various diameters in patients with high myopia and scleral staphyloma using autologous conditioned plasma (ACP) as the blocking rupture composite and pneumoretinopexy as the final tamponade.

Material and methods. Surgical tactics included subtotal vitrectomy 25+, 27G, peeling of the inner limiting membrane, pneumoretinopexy, introduction of ACP into the area of scleral staphyloma through the macular hole. After formation of the plasma seal at the base ACP was applicated to the surface of the retina in the hole area in 2–3 layers up to formation of the resistant ACP layer. The operation was completed seamlessly, blocking the scleroconjunctival access by applying 2–3 layers of ACP to the surface of the sclera and conjunctiva. Using this technique, 22 patients with central retinal detachment and macular hole with a diameter of 700–2200 microns against the background of high myopia and with severe scleral staphyloma were operated.

Results. As a result of the treatment, in the early and late postoperative period the retina was completely adjacent and the macular hole was blocked in all the patients.

Conclusion. In this way, this technique is the most sparing and highly effective. It allows to achieve the full anatomical fit of the retina and the closure of the macular hole, to eliminate the need for silicone tamponade, to minimize the risk of the postoperative complications in patients with central retinal detachment and the macular holes of various diameters in patients with high myopia and scleral staphyloma.
Results of quantitative and qualitative assessment of colour vision in children with amblyopia
Authors: Rychkova S. I. , Likhvantseva V. G. , Sandimirov R. I.
Published: July 2023

Background. A study of colour vision in patients with various ophthalmopathologies is one of the urgent tasks of modern ophthalmology. Only a small number of publications are devoted to results of the study of colour vision in children with amblyopia. This may be due to disadvantages of the currently existing methods of diagnosing colour vision, most of which are designed mainly for diagnosing colour vision in adults and teenagers or require complex equipment.

Purpose: to study possibilities of using the developed own method of quantitative and qualitative assessment of colour vision in children with amblyopia.

Material and methods. 81 school-age children were observed from the beginning of September 2021 to the beginning of June 2022. According to the results of standard ophthalmological examination they were divided into two groups: 1) 35 children (70 eyes) in the group with amblyopia, 2) 46 children (92 eyes) in the control group with normal visual acuity. The classic Farnsworth–Munsell Dichotomous D-15 test and our developed method of quantitative and qualitative assessment of colour vision were used to study colour vision in all children.

Results. In the group of children with amblyopia, only 28.6% children with amblyopia in the study of the best-seeing eye and 14.3% in the study of the worst-seeing eye were able to perceive all colour tones correctly. Unlike in the control group, at least half of the children successfully coped with determining all the using colour tones testing each eye. Quantitative assessment of colour vision conducted using our developed method in the children with amblyopia showed significantly higher average values of the total error of perception of colour tones for the best-seeing eye (M = 15.4 ± 2.1°) compared with the worst-seeing eye (M = 30.5 ± 3.3°) and significantly higher (p < 0.05) similar values compared to the children in the control group. The severity of colour vision disorders in the children with amblyopia has a significant direct dependence on the duration of the disease and a significant inverse dependence on visual acuity (r = –0.47, p < 0.001). Most often, colour vision disorders detected in the children in the control group relate to the perception of red, green and blue color tones when examining both eyes. In the children with amblyopia the perception of green and blue tones is more often detected when examining the best-seeing eye and the perception of red, green, blue and purple tones is detected when examining the worst-seeing eye.

Conclusion. Our developed method makes possible to effectively carry out quantitative and qualitative assessment of colour vision in children with amblyopia.
RANCANG BANGUN SMART TOURISM PENGELOLAAN PARIWISATA KABUPATEN MALANG BERBASIS WEB GIS
Authors: Ariyanto Yuri , Hifzhan Silmi Muhammad , Ismail Ade
Published: July 2023

Seiring berjalannya waktu, teknologi informasi berkembang semakin pesat. Salah satunya yang sedang gencar dikembangkan di berbagai daerah, kota, maupun negara adalah konsep Smart City. Salah satu penerapannya adalah mewujudkan smart tourism, dimana bertujuan untuk mempermudah sampainya informasi tentang peta lokasi, situasi, dan segala informasi dari objek-objek wisata di suatu daerah. Maka dari itu, penulis melakukan penelitian dengan mengembangkan suatu Sistem Informasi Geografis berbasis website yang diintegrasikan dengan Sistem Pendukung Keputusan menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process untuk mempermudah penggunanya dalam mengelola data dan mendapatkan informasi detail dan rekomendasi destinasi objek wisata terbaik di Kecamatan Dau. Hasil pengujian pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa menggunakan metode AHP sudah cukup membantu calon wisatawan dalam menentukan objek wisata terbaik. Sistem Informasi Geografis yang dibangun juga dibuat simple namun lengkap. Berdasarkan pengujian yang dilakukan, disimpulkan bahwa semakin banyak jumlah data kriteria dan alternatif yang digunakan dalam implementasi metode AHP, maka juga dapat berpengaruh dalam peningkatan akurasi.
PROTOTIPE VIRTUAL ASSISTANT CHATBOT SEBAGAI PUSAT LAYANAN INFORMASI MAHASISWA
Authors: Maskur  , Afandi Yosi , Waris Abdul , Afirianto Tri
Published: July 2023

Untuk meningkatkan pelayanan kepada mahasiswa Jurusan Adminsitrasi Niaga Politeknik Negeri Malangmembuat prototipe virtual assistant chatbot sebagai pusat layanan informasi mahasiswa untuk memudahkanmahasiswa untuk mendapatkan informasi seputar perkuliahan dan informasi dosen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmembangun prototipe chatbot yang mempunyai tujuan sebagai virtual assistant yang memberikan informasikepada mahasiswa melalui data yang tersimpan pada sistem dan penambahan pengetahuan baru apabila data yangtersimpan tidak ditemukan. Prototipe Chatbot dibangun dengan menggunakan mesin ALICE (Artificial LinguisticInternet Computer Entity) sebagai penerjemah AIML (Artifical Intelligence Markup Language). AIML inimenyebabkan Chatbot dapat mengintegrasikan input yang diterima berupa input text. Sehingga akan dihasilkanpercakapan antara pengguna dan program. Dengan pemanfaatan chatbot yang telah dilengkapi dengan informasiberupa audio, membuat pengguna dapat lebih mudah mendapatkan informasi yang berasal dari chatbot yangdiinformasikan kepada mahasiswa. Dari hasil pengujian fungsionalitas dan presisi yang dilakukan chatbot berjalandengan baik sesuai dengan perencanaan. Dengan pemanfaatan chatbot yang telah dilengkapi dengan kecerdasanbuatan, membuat mahasiswa dapat lebih mudah memperoleh informasi secara cepat dimanapun berada tanpa perluharus datang ke kampus. Hasil pengujian fungsionalitas jawaban dari pertanyaan hasilnya sesuai dan pengujianpresisi hasilnya 90 persen tingkat kesesuaian.
Replacement of fish oil with a high-DHA algal oil in a fishmeal-free diet fed to Florida pompano (Trachinotus carolinus)
Authors: Riche Marty , Barrows Frederic T. , Nilles Zachary , Mejri Sahar , Campbell Kelly , Wills Paul S.
Published: July 2023

A 12-week growth trial was conducted to evaluate the complete co-replacement of fish meal (FM) and fish oil (FO) in juvenile Florida pompano (Trachinotus carolinus) diets. Five open-formula experimental diets were formulated as iso-nitrogenous (approximately 46% crude protein) and iso-lipidic (approximately 15% crude lipid). It is assumed that Florida pompano lack the mechanisms for synthesizing sufficient LC-PUFA. In the FM/FO-free diets, to meet the necessary dietary intake of LC-PUFA, a commercially available Schizochytrium algal oil was used. Four diets were prepared from a basal mix, with spirulina and poultry by-product meal as the principal protein sources. They differed only in their oil source, containing fish oil (FO), algal oil (AO), soy oil (SO), or a 50/50 blend of algal oil and soy oil (A/S). The fifth experimental diet (control) was a standard open-formula FM diet. In addition to the experimental diets, two commercial closed-formula diets served as references. The seven diets, each with four replicates, were stocked with 20 Florida pompano (approximately 4 g) in each. The experimental open-formula diets were tested against the control using Dunnett’s t-test, and different oil sources were tested against each other using orthogonal contrasts. The four experimental diets were each tested against the two reference diets with equivalency tests. Feed intake and survival were not different between the experimental diets and control. However, all production metrics were lower in the SO diet than the control. No other differences were observed between the FO, AO, and A/S diets and the control, or between the three diets. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was higher in fish fed the SO diet than in fish fed the control diet, and no other differences were found. The protein efficiency ratio (PER) was higher in fish fed the control diet than in fish fed the experimental diets. Protein productive values (PPV) were similar to PER, except that the PPV in fish fed the AO diet was not different from the control. The contrasts revealed that the FO, AO, and A/S diets resulted in a lower FCR than the SO diet. The PER was higher in fish fed the AO diet, and lower in fish fed the SO diet. The PPV was higher in fish fed the AO diet than in fish fed the A/S and SO diets, but similar to that of fish fed the FO diet. There were striking differences in performance between the two commercial reference feeds, underscoring the importance of using well-defined open-formula diets as a reference or control. To our knowledge this is the first study to demonstrate that co-replacement of FM and FO can be achieved in Florida pompano by supplying an FM- and FO-free diet. The development of successful open-formula diets without FO will help spur innovation and sustainability in aquaculture production.
Red imported fire ant nesting affects the structure of soil microbial community
Authors: Song Jingjie , Tang Zhenzhen , Zhao Xueqing , Yin Yanqiong , Li Xiangyong , Chen Fushou , Chen Aidong , Liu Ying
Published: July 2023

The red imported fire ants (RIFA, Solenopsis invicta) have become a well-known invasive species that poses significant ecological and economic threats globally. As of recent times, the geographic scope of its invasion in China is rapidly expanding, thereby aggravating the extent and severity of its detrimental effects. The importance of soil microorganisms for maintaining soil health and ecosystem function has been widely acknowledged. However, the negative impact of RIFAs on soil microbial communities and their functions has not yet been fully understood. In this study, we sequenced the V3-V4 variable region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene in soil samples collected from three types of RIFA nests to investigate the impact of RIFA invasion on soil microbial diversity and composition. The results of alpha diversity analysis showed that the normal soil without nests of RIFAs exhibited the highest level of diversity, followed by the soil samples from RIFA-invaded nests and abandoned nests. Taxonomy and biological function annotation analyses revealed significant differences in microbial community structure and function among the different samples. Our findings demonstrate that RIFA invasion can significantly alter soil microbial community composition, which could ultimately affect ecosystem function. Therefore, effective management strategies are urgently needed to mitigate the negative impact of invasive species on native ecosystems.
Relationship between nocturia and hypertension: findings from the NHANES 2005–2016
Authors: Chen Junhao , Liu Zhenghuan , Yang Luchen , Zhou Jing , Ma Kai , Peng Zhufeng , Dong Qiang
Published: July 2023

Objectives

The objective of this study was to explore the association between nocturia and hypertension in a large, nationally representative adult sample.

Methods

We used data from 2005 to 2016 National Health and Nutritional Examination Surveys (NHANES). A total of 29,505 participants aged 20 years old or older were included. A participant was considered to have nocturia if he or she had two or more voiding episodes at night. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to explore the association between nocturia and hypertension.

Results

Participants with nocturia were associated with a higher risk of hypertension (OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.28–1.45). Interaction tests revealed no significant effect of sex, age, race, or body mass index on the association of nocturia with hypertension. As the severity of nocturia increases, the risk of hypertension increases (P for trend <0.0001). In addition, nocturia was also related to different grades of hypertension (II vs. I: OR, 1.34, 95% CI, 1.16–1.55; III vs. I: OR, 1.67, 95% CI, 1.32–2.13).

Conclusion

In this cross-sectional study, our results suggest that nocturia is associated with an increased risk for hypertension.
How do parents and school staff conceptualize parental engagement? A primary school case study
Authors: Jones Cat , Palikara Olympia
Published: July 2023

Understanding what different stakeholders mean by “parental engagement” is vital as school leaders and policy makers increasingly turn to parental engagement to improve pupils’ outcomes. Yet, to-date, there has been little examination of whether parents’, teachers’, and school leaders’ conceptions of parental engagement match those used in research and policy. This case study used online questionnaires to explore the conceptions of parental engagement held by 103 parents and 40 members of staff at one large English primary school. The results showed that only a quarter of school staff conceptualized parental engagement in relation to learning at home and that school leaders appeared to overestimate the impact of school-based activities. This is at odds with previous research suggesting that it is parental engagement with learning in the home – rather than parents’ involvement with school - that is associated with pupil attainment. This suggests that there might be a striking mismatch in the way that parental engagement is conceptualized by researchers advocating for its efficacy, and by school staff devising and implementing parental engagement initiatives. It is vital to raise awareness of this possibility amongst practitioners, researchers, and policy makers because any such mismatch could result in the misdirection of time and resources and the undermining of parental engagement’s potential as a powerful tool for raising attainment and closing achievement gaps.
GLP-1RAs caused gastrointestinal adverse reactions of drug withdrawal: a system review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Ziqi , Zhang Qiling , Tan Ying , Chen Yu , Zhou Xiqiao , Liu Su , Yu Jiangyi
Published: July 2023

Background

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) significantly reduce postprandial blood glucose, inhibit appetite, and delay gastrointestinal emptying. However, it is controversial that some patients are intolerant to GLP-1RAs.

Methods

PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using GLP-1RAs with documented withdrawal due to gastrointestinal adverse reactions (GI AEs) from their inception to September 28, 2022. After extracting the information incorporated into the studies, a random-effects network meta-analysis was performed within a frequentist framework.

Results

64 RCTs were finally enrolled, which included six major categories of the GLP-1RA. The sample size of the GLP-1RAs treatment group was 16,783 cases. The risk of intolerable gastrointestinal adverse reactions of Liraglutide and Semaglutide was higher than that of Dulaglutide. Meanwhile, the higher the dose of the same GLP-1RA preparation, the more likely to cause these adverse reactions. These intolerable GI AEs were not significantly related to drug homology or formulations and may be related to the degree of suppression of the appetite center.

Conclusion

Dulaglutide caused the lowest intolerable GI AEs, while Liraglutide and Semaglutide were the highest. For Semaglutide, the higher the dose, the more likely it is to drive GI AEs. Meanwhile, the risk of these GI AEs is independent of the different formulations of the drug. All these findings can effectively guide individualized treatment.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022359346, identifier CRD42022359346.
Predicted lean body mass in relation to cognitive function in the older adults
Authors: Gong Hong-Jian , Tang Xingyao , Chai Yin-He , Qiao Yu-Shun , Xu Hui , Patel Ikramulhaq , Zhang Jin-Yan , Zhou Jian-Bo
Published: July 2023

Background

Previous findings about lean body mass (LBM) and cognitive function remain unclear. We aimed to examine this association by using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Methods

Using data from the NHANES 2011-2014, we conducted logistic regression models to investigate the relation between the predicted LBM and domain-specific cognitive function assessed by Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease Word Learning test (CERAD-WL) and Delayed Recall test (CERAD-DR), and Animal Fluency (AF) for information processing speed, memory, and executive function, respectively. Cognitive impairment was defined as the lowest quartile of each cognitive test in the total population. Sex-stratified analysis was further made.

Results

A total of 2955 participants aged 60 and above (mean [SD] age, 69.17[0.20] years; 1511 female [51.13%]) were included in the study. After being adjusted for social economic factors, anthropometric parameters, and diseases, we found a positive association between predicted LBM and information processing speed (Odds ratio of DSST impairment= 0.95, 95%CI= 0.91 to 0.99) regardless of body mass index and sex. Compared with patients in the first quartile of predicted LBM, those in the fourth quartile had an odds ratio of 0.355 (95% confidence interval 0.153-0.822) for DSST impairment. No significant relation in other cognitive tests and predicted LBM was found whether stratified by sex or not.

Conclusion

Our findings point to the association between predicted lean body mass and cognitive dysfunction in information processing speed, which could be used for early detection and prevention of deterioration of cognitive function among older adults.
Analysis of spatiotemporal patterns and determinants of energy-related carbon emissions in the Yellow River basin using remote sensing data
Authors: Liu Jianhua , Shi Tianle , Hou Zhengmeng , Huang Liangchao , Pu Lingyu
Published: July 2023

This study employs DMSP-OLS and NPP-VIIS nighttime light remote sensing data to develop a carbon emission regression model based on energy consumption, analyzing the spatiotemporal evolution of carbon emissions in 57 cities within the Yellow River Basin from 2012 to 2021. The analysis uses a quantile regression model to identify factors affecting carbon emissions, aiming to enhance the basin’s emission mechanism and foster low-carbon development. Key findings include: 1) Carbon emissions from energy consumption increased in this period, with a decreasing growth rate. 2) Emissions were concentrated along the Yellow River and its tributaries, forming high-density carbon emission centers. 3) The Yellow River Basin has mainly formed a “high-high” agglomeration area centered on resource-based cities such as Shanxi and Inner Mongolia’s coal, and a “low-low” agglomeration area centered on Gansu and Ningxia. The standard deviation ellipse of carbon emissions in the Yellow River Basin generally extends from east to west, and its center of gravity tends to move northward during the study period. 4) Technological innovation, economic development, and population agglomeration suppressed emissions, with digital economy and foreign investment increasing them in certain cities. Urbanization correlated positively with emissions, but adjusting a single industrial structure showed insignificant impact.
Hybridization in heliothine moths: impacts on reproduction, pheromone communication, and pest management
Authors: Ivey Victoria , Hillier Neil Kirk
Published: July 2023

Heliothine moths (Family Noctuidae : Subfamily Heliothinae) are ubiquitous crop pests with three documented species combinations known to hybridize: Helicoverpa zea x Helicoverpa armigera, H. armigera x Helicoverpa assulta, and Heliothis virescens x Heliothis subflexa. Hybrids can have advantageous traits, such as increased host range, resistance to insecticides, and increased mating success, posing serious threats to agriculture. However, deleterious traits of hybrids, such as developmental abnormalities or sterility, can be exploited for pest management. In this review, the characteristics of F1 hybrids and backcrosses are examined through a historical lens. Topics reviewed include developmental characteristics, sex pheromone synthesis and perception, mating and calling behavior, sperm morphology, gene expression, electrophysiological responses, structures of the central and peripheral nervous systems, hybrid sterility, and applications in pest control. Recommendations for future studies based on existing gaps of knowledge are given, as are proposed pest management strategies.
Precise and unbiased biomass estimation from GEDI data and the US Forest Inventory
Authors: Bruening Jamis , May Paul , Armston John , Dubayah Ralph
Published: July 2023

Atmospheric CO2 concentrations are dependent on land-atmosphere carbon fluxes resultant from forest dynamics and land-use changes. These fluxes are not well-constrained, in part because reliable baseline estimates of forest carbon stocks and the associated uncertainties are lacking. NASA's Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) produces estimates of aboveground biomass density (AGBD) that are unique because GEDI's hybrid estimation framework enables formal uncertainty calculations that accompany the biomass estimates. However, GEDI's estimates are not without issue; a recent validation using design-based AGBD estimates from the US Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program revealed systematic differences between GEDI and FIA estimates within a hexagon tessellation of the continental United States. Here, we explored these differences and identified two issues impacting GEDI's estimation process: incomplete filtering of low quality GEDI observations and regional biases in GEDI's footprint-level biomass models. We developed a solution to each, in the form of improved data filtering and GEDI-FIA fusion AGBD models, developed in a scale-invariant small area estimation framework, that were compatible with hybrid estimation. We calibrated 10 regional Fay-Herriot models at the hexagon scale for application at the unit scale of GEDI footprints, for which we provide a mathematical justification and empirical testing of the models' scale-invariance. These models predicted realistic distributions of unit level AGBD, with equal or improved performance relative to GEDI's L4A models for all regions. We then produced GEDI-FIA fusion estimates that were more precise than the FIA estimates and resulted in a bias reduction of 86.7% relative to the original GEDI estimates: 19.3% due to improved data filtering and 67.5% due to the new AGBD models. Our findings indicate that (1) small area estimation models trained in a scale-invariant framework can produce realistic predictions of AGBD, and (2) there is substantial spatial variability in the relationship between GEDI forest structure metrics and AGBD. This work is a step toward achieving reliable baseline forest carbon stocks, provides a viable methodology for training remote sensing biomass models, and may serve as a reference for other investigations of GEDI AGBD estimates.
A novel scatterplot-based method to detect copy number variation (CNV)
Authors: Qiao Jia-Lu , Levinson Rebecca T. , Chen Bowang , Engelter Stefan T. , Erhart Philipp , Gaynor Brady J. , McArdle Patrick F. , Schlicht Kristina , Krawczak Michael , Stenman Martin , Lindgren Arne G. , Cole John W. , Grond-Ginsbach Caspar
Published: July 2023

Objective: Most methods to detect copy number variation (CNV) have high false positive rates, especially for small CNVs and in real-life samples from clinical studies. In this study, we explored a novel scatterplot-based method to detect CNVs in microarray samples.

Methods: Illumina SNP microarray data from 13,254 individuals were analyzed with scatterplots and by PennCNV. The data were analyzed without the prior exclusion of low-quality samples. For CNV scatterplot visualization, the median signal intensity of all SNPs located within a CNV region was plotted against the median signal intensity of the flanking genomic region. Since CNV causes loss or gain of signal intensities, carriers of different CNV alleles pop up in clusters. Moreover, SNPs within a deletion are not heterozygous, whereas heterozygous SNPs within a duplication show typical 1:2 signal distribution between the alleles. Scatterplot-based CNV calls were compared with standard results of PennCNV analysis. All discordant calls as well as a random selection of 100 concordant calls were individually analyzed by visual inspection after noise-reduction.

Results: An algorithm for the automated scatterplot visualization of CNVs was developed and used to analyze six known CNV regions. Use of scatterplots and PennCNV yielded 1019 concordant and 108 discordant CNV calls. All concordant calls were evaluated as true CNV-findings. Among the 108 discordant calls, 7 were false positive findings by the scatterplot method, 80 were PennCNV false positives, and 21 were true CNVs detected by the scatterplot method, but missed by PennCNV (i.e., false negative findings).

Conclusion: CNV visualization by scatterplots allows for a reliable and rapid detection of CNVs in large studies. This novel method may thus be used both to confirm the results of genome-wide CNV detection software and to identify known CNVs in hitherto untyped samples.
Identification of runs of homozygosity associated with male fertility in Italian Brown Swiss cattle
Authors: Pacheco Hendyel A. , Rossoni Attilio , Cecchinato Alessio , Peñagaricano Francisco
Published: July 2023

Intensive selection for improved productivity has been accompanied by an increase in inbreeding rates and a reduction in genetic diversity. The increase in inbreeding tends to impact performance, especially fitness-related traits such as male fertility. Inbreeding can be monitored using runs of homozygosity (ROH), defined as contiguous lengths of homozygous genotypes observed in an individual’s chromosome. The goal of this study was to evaluate the presence of ROH in Italian Brown Swiss cattle and assess its association with bull fertility. First, we evaluated the association between ROH and male fertility using 1,102 Italian Brown Swiss bulls with sire conception rate records and 572 K SNPs spanning the entire genome. Second, we split the entire population into 100 high-fertility and 100 low-fertility bulls to investigate the potential enrichment of ROH segments in the low-fertility group. Finally, we mapped the significant ROH regions to the bovine genome to identify candidate genes associated with sperm biology and male fertility. Notably, there was a negative association between bull fertility and the amount of homozygosity. Four different ROH regions located in chromosomes 6, 10, 11, and 24 were significantly overrepresented in low-fertility bulls (Fisher’s exact test, p-value <0.01). Remarkably, these four genomic regions harbor many genes such as WDR19, RPL9, LIAS, UBE2K, DPF3, 5S-rRNA, 7SK, U6, and WDR7 that are related to sperm biology and male fertility. Overall, our findings suggest that inbreeding and increased homozygosity have a negative impact on male fertility in Italian Brown Swiss cattle. The quantification of ROH can contribute to minimizing the inbreeding rate and avoid its negative effect on fitness-related traits, such as male fertility.