bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cultivation and Marketing of Papaya in the West Godavari District
Authors:   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, A SANKARAM
Published: November 2023

The papaya is one of the quick growing and early yielding fruit crops. Its cultivation at the present day is of importance, as a rapid increase in the production of quick growing fruits is incumbent on the nation. In the presidency of Madras, it has not been very popular to the extent it deserves, in spite of the existing possibilities for the same. This is partly due to want of adequate knowledge of its cultural details among the cultivators, and the scant demand for the fruit as a major part of the public are unaware of its nutritional value and dietetic importance. As a health-food the papaya has few equals and should therefore receive wider recognition in a country with immense possibilities for its successful culture. Besides its fruit value, the papain which it yields is much valued in medicine, in the preparation of special foods and in various other com- mercial businesses. The original home of papaya is said to be West Indies, the shores of the Gulf of Mexico and perhaps Brazil. It is said to be indigenous to Tropical America but its exact origin is yet unknown. In Tanuku Taluk (West Godavari District) of this Presidency, the fruit is grown in recent years, to the extent of 20 acres. The area under this fruit crop is steadily incress- ing owing to the growing interest in its culture among the farmers of the ares. In the present paper the details of cultivation as praclised in and around Tanuku are presented and the stages at which it needs improvement are indicated. The method of extraction of papsin, which is not practised at present for want of practical knowledge of the same, is embodied in this paper with the hope that it may receive wide recognition among the enter- prising growers of this fruit. In this country the fruit is successfully grown in Bombay, Bangal, Bihar and the United Provinces. Its cultivation is also known in Assam, Orissa and many other parts of India.
The Deleterious After-effects of Sorghum-A Review.
Authors:   Assitant in Millets ,Agricultural Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003, NAMBIAR KUNHIKRISHNAN
Published: November 2023

The deleterious effects of sorghum on crops that follow have been extensively reported upon by American workers-Bennet (1897), Ten Eyck and Shoe Smith (1906), Snyder and Osborn (1915), Willeman et. al. (1919), Vinall and Ghetty (1921), Breazeale (1924) and Conrad (1927, 1928, 1932 and 1937). Fletcher (1912) observed the adverse effects of sorghum on a succeeding crop of Sesamum indicum in experiments con- ducted by him in Surat, Bombay. Ramanatha Ayyar and Sundaram (1941) have recorded that similar to their observations on the black soils of Tinnevelly, the harmful effects of sorghum have been noted under conditions obtaining in the Coimbatore, Salem and South Arcot districts of the Madras Presidency. Breazeale (1. c.) however states that in Chine, sorghum is grown year after year upon the best land and that no injurious effects have been visible.
Grading of Sathukudi Oranges.
Authors:   Fruit Specialist Kodur, Cuddapah, T.K VISWANATHAN
Published: November 2023

The growers of Sathukudi oranges of Rajampet Taluk. used to send their fruits to Madras, from where The Madras Provincial Cc-operative Marketing Society and other commission agents at Madras used to send the fruits to all mufussil stations. The Provincial Society grades the oranges as per size, viz. 3", 3", 3", 24" and 2t, while other commission agents consign only the ungraded fruits to Southern districts.
Studies on Stomopteryx nerteria Meyr-A Pest of Groundnut in the Madras Presidency.
Authors:   Agricultural Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, M.C CHERIAN , BASHEER MUHAMMAD ,   Agricultural Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003
Published: November 2023

Groundnut (Arachis hypogoea) is attacked by a number of pests of which the hairy caterpillar (Amsacta albistriga M.) and the surul moth (Stomopteryx nerteria Meyr.) are the more important. Meyrick (1906) has described the moth under Anacampsis nerteria. Fletcher (1914 and 1917), Lefroy (1909) and Ramakrishna Ayyar (1940) have given short accounts of the pest; detailed information is however lacking. Studies on the pest were therefore taken up at the Agricultural Research Station, Tindivanam (South Arcot district) and the results thereof are presented in this paper.
Recent Advances in Control of Fungous Diseases of Plants
Authors:   Imperial Mycologist,Imperial  Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, G WATTS PADWICK
Published: November 2023

At the present time, when it is necessary to promote in every possible way the increase of agricultural production, and when the output of fundamental work has been substantially reduced, it is appropriate to consider a few of the directions in which advances have been made during the last very productive decade. This period has been by far the most productive, judged by volume, of all the history of plant pathology. In some quite new directions studies have been made and have resulted in useful knowledge, but in most cases the informa- tion which has lent itself readily to practical applications has been due to the reinvestigation of old fields which for some time have not received much sttention. As very good examples of this we may quote the excellent work which has been done on such widely different subjects as plant hygiene, fungi- cides and nutrition in relation to disease.
Bionomics and control of Nephopteryx eugraphella Rag.-A pest of Sapota.
Authors:   Agricultural Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, M.C CHERIAN , K.P ANANTANARAYANAN ,   Agricultural Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003
Published: November 2023

Sapota (Achras sapota) is subject to the attack of a number of insect pests such as Nephopteryx eugraphella Rag. (fam. Pyra- lidae), Metanastria hyrtaça Cr. (fam. Lasiocampidae), Phenacoccus iceryoi- des Gr., and Pseudococcus lilacinus F. (tam. Coccidae). Of these the first mentioned is the most important. It occurred in a pest form in Coimbatore in 1938 and again in 1941. As details about the pest are lacking studies were undertaken and the results thereof are recorded.
A Proliferation of the Sorghum Spikelets.
Authors:   Assitant in Millets Section,Agricultural Reserch Institute, Coimbatore  641 003, M.A SANKARA AYYAR
Published: November 2023

An interesting phenomenon of proliferation of a sorghum earhead was observed in the summer season of 1940 in a seed multiplication plot of an yellow grain sorghum strain (A. S. 809). While removing rogues at the flowering time, one earhead was observed to have rather longer spikelets, though in other respects, the plant was normal. The plant was as well developed and as tall as its neighbours, and the size and shape of the earhead also appeared normal. A closer examination of the earhead re vealed that the fertile spikelets had not opened. While the spikelets of the normal plants were awned, the awns being about one centimetre in length, there was a complete suppression of the awn in the proliferated earhead. It was also observed that the spikelets in the basal regions of the earhead were reduced to scale-like structures.
The Cultivation of Betel vine (Piper betel) in Poonamallee village.
Authors:   Madras Agricultural Department, R.H KRISHNAN , M KANTI RAJ ,   Madras Agricultural Department
Published: November 2023

In view of their proximity to Madras City, where there is a great demand for the leaves, betel vine cultivation is very important in the villages of Poonamallee and Kunnathoor. The area under this crop at present is about 350 acres. The crop is cultivated entirely under well irrigation, except for a few months in the year (October to March) when water from the Chembarambakkam tank is utilised. Unlike other crops which are raised by the efforts of individual farmers, a plot of betel vine garden is managed by a group comprising 15 to 20 men, who pool their resources to meet the cultivation expenses and likewise share the profit. The land is generally taken on lease, and the lease amount ranges from Rs. 75 to Rs. 100 per acre. About ten years ago, gardens when once started, used to flourish and yield well, even up to six years. Lately, the life of a garden has become shortened and now-a-days no garden thrives for more than three years. This is attributed to wilt disease, common in all the gardens in this tract. The gardens go by the name Illangal thottam in the first year, Sambakkal thottam in the second year, and Muthukal thottam in the third year. Each cultivator will have a share in each of the three stages of maturity, so that he may have a steady income.
Further Studies on Calocoris angustatus Leth
Authors:   Agricultural Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, M.C CHERIAN , M.S KYLASAM ,   Agricultural Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003, P.S KRISHNAMURTI ,   Agricultural Research Institute,Coimbatore 641003
Published: November 2023

The cholam earhead bug, as the capsid bug is appropri- ately termed, has been known as a pest of Sorghum vulgare for well over 25 years; it infests the earheads, damages the setting grains and thereby causes loss in yield of the grain. In the Madras Presidency, it is seen in pest form, as a rule, in tracts like, Bellary, Cuddapah, Anantapur, Kurnool, Guntur and Coimbatore. It is known to occur in other provinces as well. Nowhere has it ever been recorded as a serious pest except in Mysore where it was reported to have appeared for the first time as a pest in some 'jowar' growing villages in 1936. Punjab, Burmah, Central Provinces, United Provinces, Hyderabad, etc., do grow sorghum on an extensive scale but this insect has not been recorded as a pest so far. Due to the periodic appearance of the pest and extensive damage caused to the irrigated sorghums raised in March-April, investigation was first started in 1914. Ballard (1916) published the results of preliminary investigations in the form of a bulletin. Subsequently, more detailed investi- gations were carried out from 1934-37 at Guntur and. Coimbatore, the results of which are embodied in this paper.
Indian Indigenous Milk Products.
Authors:   Director of Dairy Research in India, New Delhi, W.L DAVIES
Published: November 2023

The total annual value of the milk and milk products produced in India has been estimated as Rs. 300 crores, of which liquid milk accounts for 107, ghee 100, khoa 40, dahi 20 and other products about 33 crores of rupees. The total annual production of milk in India is about 700 million maunds. Ghee accounts for 53, Khon 76, dahi 38 and other products 5 per cent as milk equivalent of this production. The amount of milk product manufacture is enormous, especially ghee. The energy value of this milk is sufficient for 30 million adults for one year (10 per cent of the population) without taking into account the special value of milk as a protective food due to its fat, protein, ash and vitamins. The energy value of the milk produced in England is sufficient for 7 million adults (15 per cent of the population) for one year. There is thus considerable scope for greater milk production in India so as to raise the percentage of milk and its products used in the diet of the people from 10 per cent nearer to the 15 per cent level found in western countries.
Cultivation of Sivapuri Tobacco
Authors:   Agricultural Demonstrator Chidambaram, C.S KRISHNASWAMI
Published: November 2023

Sivapuri tobacco, is well known throughout South India and is consider- ed as the best among the varieties grown for chewing. The same variety when grown in other places is not considered as good as the stuff grown in this village. This is attributed to the quality of the soil. Sivapuri village, is about two miles from Chidambaram Railway station and consists mostly of 'wet' lands irrigated by channels from the Coleroon river. Except for a limited area round about the village site, about 120 acres in extent, there are no other 'garden' lands, and the entire area is cultivated with this variety of tobacco.
The Place of Advertising in the Activities of the Agricultural Department.
Authors:   Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore  641 003, R RATNAM
Published: November 2023

Criticisms on the usefulness of the Agricultural Depart- ment are frequently heard sometimes from the educated men of our Province often due to unfounded notions or lack of adequate information on the various activities carried on by the Department. These criticisms are properly answered when they reach the ears of the departmental officers and the critics are almost invariably converted on being furnished with sufficient information. However, there is the danger of such unfounded criticisms passing on from person to person and thus acting as a potential source of prejudice against departmental activities. To avoid the spread of such an evil germ which, if not checked at the proper time may gain undue momentum, adequate measures have to be taken, and the Department has to pay special attention to the dissemination of sufficient information to the public. At present the Department is holding exhibitions and lectures and distributing leaflets and pamphlets and issuing press notes. While they educate the public on agricultural improvements, they also serve to correct these wrong opinions and to create a more favourable public opinion. But one has to seriously consider whether these comprise the maximum effort that the Department could put forth and whether the Department cannot do anything more. In the following pages the scope of proper advertising in all its espects as a remedy for this evil is indicated.
Co-operative Marketing of Sathugudi Oranges.
Authors:   Fruit Specialist Kodur, Cuddapah, T.K VISWANATHAN
Published: November 2023

The production of Sathugudi oranges in South India is at present concentrated in parts of Cuddapah, Chittoor and North Arcot Districts. But nowhere has it attained such a great commercial importance as in Rajampet taluk of Cuddapah District, particularly in and around Kodur town. It has been estimated that out of a total area of about 13,000 acres under tight jacket orange, about 4,000 acres are spread out in a small valley in Rajampet taluk bounded by the Velikonda hills on the East and South and Sashachalam hills on the North and West. This tract is favoured by a fertile soil of considerable depth and good texture, a plentiful supply of sub-soil water suitable for irrigation, freedom from cyclonic winds and proximity to markets, factors eminently suitable for making this valley so renowned as the leading orange belt of South India.
Industrial uses of Cashew and its Products.
Authors:   Oilseed Specialist,Coimbatore, C.M JOHN
Published: November 2023

The cashew (Anacardium occidentale, L.) has, of late, received commercial importance chiefly on account of the great demand for its edible kernels. Believed to be a native of South America, the cashew that was introduced on the West Coast of India by the Portuguese, has now established itself as a commercial crop in the States of Cochin and Travancore and in the districts of Malabar and South Kanara. It is now seen to be spreading to other parts of this Presidency, on account of its capacity to thrive under widely varied conditions of soil, climate and rainfall. The possibilities of further extension in its cultivation in regard to its occupation of land now left uncultivated due to subnormal fertility, indifferent rainfall or other reasons, cannot be under-rsted.
Groundnut Oil-cake as Manure and Cattlefeed
Authors:   Oilseed Specialist,Coimbatore, C.M JOHN
Published: November 2023

The international situation brought about by the present war has, among other things, affected the export trade of most of the countries of the world due to the closure of foreign markets resulting in an upset of agricultural economy. The situation is particularly embarassing to a country like India which is essentially a producer of raw materials entirely dependent upon other countries for the disposal of most of its agricultural produce. Of the many such products produced in the country on a large scale and marketed elsewhere groundnut figures prominently. In spite of the offer of the United Kingdom to purchase all its require- ments of oil seeds from India and attempts being made to explore new markets, the total production of groundnut in this country is bound to leave a surplus for which use has to be found. Restriction in area can be done only to a certain extent, for groundnut is a crop that is easily raised in the poor dry lands of the Province with little investment or care and is one of the few attractive crops for the dryland farmer. It becomes, therefore, necessary to absorb this anticipated excess production in the country itself by developing the Indian oil-seed crushing industry on a sound and planned basis and utilizing the oil and the residual cake (poonac).
O psicólogo em uma equipe multidisciplinar no tratamento oncológico infantojuvenil
Authors: Silva Caroline Fernanda da , Cunha Anete Regina da
Published: November 2023

A presente pesquisa representa o papel essencial que uma equipe multidisciplinar tem no atendimento à pacientes oncológicos infantojuvenis e seus familiares. Nesse contexto, o objetivo foi identificar na literatura os desafios que a psicologia tem diante de uma doença que ameaça a continuidade da vida, como o câncer infantojuvenil. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, a qual utilizou o método de análise de conteúdo (Bardin, 2010), elaborou-se duas categorias temáticas que versam acerca da importância de pacientes infantojuvenis em tratamento oncológico e seus familiares, serem acompanhados por uma equipe multidisciplinar com olhar interdisciplinar.. Buscou-se estudos nas bases de dados: BVS-MS e Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal do Ensino Superior (CAPES). Como resultado, identificou-se a importância do trabalho dentro de uma linha de cuidado integral para dar qualidade de vida aos pacientes e seus familiares. Assim como a equipe multidisciplinar com a participação da psicologia, buscar estabelecer laços com o paciente e seus familiares. Dentre os muitos lugares que o psicólogo pode ocupar, a relevância do lugar de potencializar a vida com olhar humanizado, podendo escutar, sentir e perceber o que essas crianças, adolescentes e familiares trazem, assim tornando mais leve esse processo.
Práticas lavajatistas e lawfare: análise crítica à luz do devido processo legal
Authors: Pereira Cassiane Silva , Maia Maurilio Casas
Published: November 2023

O trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a Operação Lava-Jato como possível manifestação de Lawfare no Brasil a partir do exame da abusividade das práticas utilizadas na condução da operação e como objeto de ofensa ao devido processo legal. Lawfare, nesse contexto, será admitido como guerra política instrumentalizada pelo uso abusivo de institutos legais para atingir resultados políticos. Para tanto, utilizou-se do método dedutivo para elaboração de pesquisa qualitativa realizada através da revisão bibliográfica. O artigo questionou a relativização dos princípios processuais com vistas a atingir adversários políticos, justificada através do discurso de combate à corrupção. Diante disso, pretendeu-se evidenciar as práticas adotadas na condução da Operação Lava-Jato, reconhecer o Lawfare como instrumento de risco ao Direito Processual Penal e, enfim, analisar o padrão lavajatista à luz do devido processo legal.
As Marias da Maria: Perfil socioeconômico e demográfico das mulheres vítimas de violência doméstica assistidas pela patrulha Maria da Penha de Maceió/AL
Authors: Silva Rafaela Carla Ambrósio
Published: November 2023

A violência contra a mulher é ancestral. Configura-se um
acontecimento social impregnado na sociedade brasileira, oriundos de
fatores culturais, religiosos, patriarcais, políticos, jurídicos, econômicos,
emotivos e psicológicos, onde a mulher desde o início é assinalada por
uma condição em rede de opressão e subjugação, resultante de ideias e
padrões patriarcais, machistas e conservadores, os quais se reforçam e
materializam através da violência doméstica, tendo o homem, em sua
maioria, a autoria. Visando galgar a equidade social e a isonomia de
gêneros, assim como proteger as mulheres em condições de
vulnerabilidade no seio doméstico e familiar, fora sancionada a Lei
n°11340/2006, “Lei Maria da Penha”, que versa sobre a violência de
gênero, quando praticada contra a mulher no âmbito doméstico e
familiar, tendo esse título em homenagem a Senhora Maria da Penha
Maia Fernandes, que por sua vez foi vítima, por duas vezes, de tentativas
de assassinato, emanadas de seu ex-cônjuge, acarretando sequelas
permanentes.
O direito à educação pelas vias da permanência escolar como mecanismo de efetivação dos Direitos Humanos na vertente educacional
Authors: Oliveira Cristiane Kuhn de
Published: November 2023

Este artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre a permanência escolar na
educação básica a partir da discussão sobre o direito à educação,
pensando como sua não efetivação pode ferir direitos humanos de tal
seara. O percurso metodológico ocorreu através da pesquisa bibliográfica
fundamentada na compreensão em torno de categorias essenciais às
discussões suscitadas. Amparada nas bases normativas brasileiras que
tratam da efetivação do direito à educação, ampliou-se a discussão na
perspectiva do direito ao acesso, a permanência e a aprendizagem de
modo a garantir ao individuo seu pleno desenvolvimento. Assegura-se,
diante do presente estudo a necessidade de compreender a política
educacional como via de acesso ao direito de cidadania no contexto da
educação básica, referenciada pela permanência e a sua continuidade,
atrelada a uma aprendizagem real e satisfatória e amparada em uma
educação continuada de qualidade e para toda a vida, o que representa
um direito basilar de qualquer pessoa.
Diseño de una guía metodológica para la implementación de un sistema de gestión basado en la Norma ISO 21001:2019 para la Institución Educativa Técnica Ciudad Arkalá
Authors:   , Vásquez Rincón Maira Loana
Published: November 2023

El presente trabajo académico presenta el “Diseño de una guía metodológica para la implementación de un sistema de gestión basado en la norma ISO 21001:2019 para la Institución Educativa Técnica Ciudad Arkalá”, ubicada en la ciudad de Ibagué, desde la perspectiva del modelo de investigación acción práctica. Teniendo en cuenta, que el proceso de implementación debe ser gradual y consensuado, el documento se presenta puntualizando paso a paso, la norma y sus requerimientos, integrando en cada numeral la técnica de implementación, en donde se realiza una explicación breve de los apartados, utilizando algunos ejemplos, y proponiendo la implementación de matrices, que pueden ser aprobadas por la alta gerencia como parte de la documentación del sistema de gestión. El trabajo de campo desarrollado con la población muestra, permitió obtener los insumos para elaborar un diagnóstico institucional integral; una vez terminado el trabajo y presentado a la alta gerencia de la Institución Educativa Técnica Ciudad Arkalá, se determinó que la estructuración parcial se realizará en la primera semana de trabajo institucional del año lectivo 2023, con el liderazgo de la alta gerencia y del comité de calidad, integrado por los líderes de los diferentes procesos que se eligen anualmente, para garantizar la participación de todo el equipo de docentes, directivos docentes y administrativos. Finalmente, es de mencionar que la guía metodológica presenta la estructura para implementar el sistema de gestión, pero es la alta gerencia quien debe liderar el proceso de integración de la norma a los procesos institucionales.
Greek School Religious Textbooks for Transdisciplinary Visual Encounters
Authors: Diamantopoulos Konstantinos
Published: November 2023

In Greek education, religious textbooks play a significant role and are often the primary source of learning material. This study explores the visual components of Greek secondary religious textbooks. It aims to answer questions about the types of visuals used, their content and placement, and how they interact with the text. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative processes. The study also examines the issue of “otherness” and how the visuals in the textbooks can stimulate students' participation and engagement regardless of their color, nation, or personal beliefs. The findings suggest that an interdisciplinary approach to learning and personal stimulation through inter-social and interreligious connections can effectively address the issue of otherness. The study's results confirm the above hypothesis and provide interesting insights into the dynamics of religious textbook visuals.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF METAVERSE TECHNOLOGY TO RAISE UP THE STANDARD OF HEALTH TOURISM
Authors:   Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Business Administration, Faculty of Management Science, Bangkok, Thailand, POTJANAJARUWIT Pisit
Published: November 2023

This research aims to: 1. Investigate the factors of Metaverse technology development for VR spa glasses and their impact on the evolution of Metaverse applications for marketing; 2. Examine how the development of Metaverse applications for marketing influences the promotion of health tourism grounded in Thailand's creative economy (BCG). This study employs a mixed-methods approach. It involves surveying 372 tourists who utilized spa and Thai massage beauty services using a questionnaire. Additionally, focus group discussions were conducted with entrepreneurs and executives instrumental in elevating the standards of medical tourism. The data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The findings indicate that the advancement of Metaverse technology for VR spa glasses, encompassing aspects like content, functionality, and design, has significantly influenced the development of Metaverse applications for holistic marketing. This includes sensory experience, sensational experience, thought experience, action experience, and associated experience, with a notable R2 value of 0.590. The study also revealed that the development of Metaverse applications for marketing, encompassing aspects such as sensory experience, cognitive experience, action-oriented experience, and connected experience perceptions, significantly influences the overall drive of health tourism based on the creative economy (BCG) in the country. This encompasses factors like environmental friendliness, fairness, safety, cleanliness, and convenience, with a notable R2 value of 0.509.
Eksplorasi Etnomatematika pada Gerak Tari Piring
Authors: Gazanofa Farah Salsabila , Wahidin Wahidin
Published: November 2023

Matematika adalah pelajaran dengan konsep abstrak, sehingga peserta didik di Indonesia banyak yang menganggap pelajaran matematika sulit. Guru diharapkan mampu membuat pendekatan yang membuat peserta didik lebih aktif saat pembelajaran. Penggabungan pendekatan matematika dengan kebudayaan disebut dengan etnomatematika. Indonesia merupakan Negara yang memiliki kebudayaan yang melimpah. Kebudayaan dapat dijadikan media dalam pembelajaran dan mampu membuat peserta didik dapat lebih mengenal budaya itu sendiri. Tujuan adanya penelitian ini untuk mengeksplorasi konsep matematika dasar yang terkandung dalam tari piring dan mengetahui konsep matematika yang dapat dipraktikkan didalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dan dengan pendekatan etnografi yang bersifat eksploratif berhubungan dengan tari piring Sumatera Barat. Sumber data penelitian ini didapat melalui observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan beberapa konsep matematika pada gerak tari piring seperti sudut, garis, bangun datar, jarak, dan titik koordinat. Konsep matematika yang ditemukan bisa diterapkan kedalam pembelajaran untuk menjelaskan konsep abstrak pada matematika dan untuk mengenalkan unsur budaya kepada peserta didik.
TEMPERATURE AND MOISTURE CHANGES IN FOREST COMMUNITIES ALONG THE ELEVATION GRADIENT ON BOLSHOI SHATAK MOUNTAIN
Authors:   Ufa Institute of Biology of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia, Gabbasova D.T. , Shirokikh P.S. ,   Ufa Institute of Biology of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia, Bikbaev I.G. ,   Ufa Institute of Biology of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia, Fedorov N.I. ,   Ufa Institute of Biology of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
Published: November 2023

Due to climate change, there is an increase in mean annual temperatures, which affects the altitudinal distribution of vegetation in the mountains. The purpose of this study was to investigate temperature and humidity changes along the altitudinal gradient on the Bolshoi Shatak mountain range from the foot of the mountain to the upper limit of forest distribution. Temperature and relative humidity data were collected using DS1923-F5 loggers in pine-broadleaf, birch-pine and larch forest located at altitudes of 631, 831 and 966,46 m msl, respectively. No abnormal winter temperatures were observed during the study period. The duration of the frost-free period was 157 days in the pine-broadleaf forest, 151 days in the birch-pine forest and 143 days in the larch forest. In the summer period of 2021 there was a summer drought, which was manifested to an equal extent in the sample plots in pine-birch and larch forest and to a lesser extent in pine-broadleaved forest. In the rainfall-normal year 2022, humidity content was significantly higher in pine-birch forest than in larch forest. Thus, the factors influencing the distribution of broad-leaved species at present may be the humidity regime and shorter frost-free period above the boundary of their current distribution. Further monitoring using loggers is needed to make a final conclusion on the contribution of individual factors to the current distribution of broad-leaved species.
IDENTIFICATION OF ABA-DESTRUCTOR STRAINS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON SEED GERMINATION AND GROWTH OF WHEAT SEEDLINGS
Authors: Ryabova А.S. , Kuzmina L.Yu. , Martynenko E.V. , Chetverikov S.P. , Milman P.Yu. , Vysotskaya L.B.
Published: November 2023

A promising approach for regulating abscisic acid (ABA) content in plants and soil to mitigate biotic and abiotic stress is the use of bacteria capable of degrading this phytohormone. Testing of microorganisms from the collection of the Ufa Institute of Biology revealed 13 strains, which during 2 weeks of growth on a minimal mineral medium with a hormone reduced its content by 20–70%. Four strains of ABA-metabolizing bacteria Pseudomonas. plecoglossicida 2.4-D, Pseudomonas sp. IB Ta 10m, Pseudomonas sp. IB K11-1, Arthrobacter sp. IB Ta Ж5, along with increasing the germination of wheat plant seeds, increased the mass of seedlings, activated the accumulation of root mass and their elongation. Consequently, the identified bacterial strains can be considered promising for studying them as natural modulators of ABA content in soil and plants.
Prolonged Grief Disorder Symptomology in Three African Countries: A Network Analysis and Comparison
Authors: Robinson Martin , Armour Cherie , Levin Yafit
Published: November 2023

BackgroundBereavement is a globally prevalent life stressor, but in some instances may be followed by a persistent condition of grief and distress; codified within the ICD-11 as Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD). Network Analysis provides a valuable framework for understanding psychological disorders at a nuanced symptom-based level.Aim This study novelly explores the network structure of ICD-11 PGD symptomology in a non-Western sample and assess the replication of this across three African country sub-samples in these data.MethodologyNetwork models were estimated using the Inventory of Complicated Grief-Revised in a sample of trauma-exposed individuals who experienced bereavement throughout life (N = 1,554) from three African countries (Ghana, n = 290; Kenya, n = 619; Nigeria, n = 645). These networks were statistically evaluated using the Network Comparison Test.ResultsIt was found that “Feelings of Loss” and “Difficulty moving on” were most central symptoms in the combined sample network. These findings were largely consistent for the Ghana and Nigeria sub-samples, however network structure differences were noted in the Kenya sub-sample. ConclusionThe identified PGD network highlights particular indicators and associations across three African samples. Implications for assessment and treatment of PGD in these cultural contexts warrant consideration.
Downsystem Grain-Size Trends and Mass Balance of an Ancient Wave-Influenced Sediment Routing System: Middle Jurassic Brent Delta, Northern North Sea, Offshore UK and Norway
Authors: Okwara Ikenna , Hampson Gary , Whittaker Alexander , Roberts Gareth
Published: November 2023

We reconstruct upsystem-to-downsystem grain-size variations in the sediment routing systems of the data-rich Middle Jurassic Brent Group of the northern North Sea, using published stratigraphic, thickness, palaeogeographic, provenance and age constraints combined with representative core and wireline-log data. Facies associations provide a textural proxy for gravel, sand and mud grain-size fractions, and their distributions define spatio-temporal variations in grain size within four previously documented genetic sequences (J22, J24, J26, J32). Sediment was sourced from the west (Shetland Platform), east (Norwegian Landmass) and south (Mid-North Sea High). The corresponding sediment routing systems were geographically distinct in the oldest (J22) and youngest (J32) genetic sequences, but combined to feed a large wave-dominated delta (‘Brent Delta’) in genetic sequences J24 and J26.Few of the Brent Group sediment routing systems exhibit the downsystem-fining grain-size trend predicted by sediment mass balance theory. Deviations from this reference trend reflect: (1) sparse sampling of channelised fluvial and fluvio-tidal sandbodies in upsystem locations; (2) preferential trapping of sand in underfilled antecedent and syn-depositional, half-graben depocentres in genetic sequences J22 and J32; and (3) nearshore retention of sand by shoaling waves in wave-dominated shoreface and barrier-strandplain systems. This third type of deviation reveals that spatial facies partitioning due to shallow-marine process regime distorts the simple downsystem-fining reference trend, and supports the interpretation that large volumes of predominantly muddy sediment were bypassed beyond the ‘Brent Delta’ into neighbouring basins. In summary, our analysis demonstrates a practical tool to interpret sediment supply and sediment dispersal in the stratigraphic record.
Plastics aplenty in paddy lands: incidence of microplastics in two rice cultivars of Kerala, India, and its impact on primary producers found in paddy fields
Authors: Amaneesh C. , Kim Hee-Sik , Ramanan Rishiram
Published: November 2023

Microplastics (MP) have received worldwide attention in recent years because of its prevalence in key ecosystems, including agroecosystems. Occurrence of MP in native paddy fields, which are critical to world’s food security, is not reported till date. This study reports the abundance of MP in two different rice cultivars, one of which is the ‘Pokkali’ crop that is Geographical Indication tagged and is a salt-tolerant, climate-resilent variety in Kerala, India. Major MP detected in this study which was conducted in the surface water layer of paddy fields during vegetative season (transplantation) and ripening season (near harvesting) were polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP). MP density in vegetative phase was more than twice the ripening phase concentrations in the tested rice cultivars. Influx of monsoon rains bringing plastic runoff and soil tilling might be the potential causes. Subsequently, impacts of MP and plastic leachates (PL) on phytoplankton which are naturally found in the rice fields were examined. Microalga, Chlorococcum sp., isolated from the paddy land, and cyanobacterium, Synechococcus sp. were tested with environmentally relevant concentrations of PE-MP and PE-PL. MP bestowed a significant hormetic effect on the specific growth rate of the microalga whereas the cyanobacterial growth was negatively impacted. Such low-dose stimulatory effect is a classic response of over-compensation to mild environmental stress in microalgae. The significantly increased catalase activity and reduced superoxide dismutase activity in the cyanobacterium corroborated the toxic impact on growth. The differential response to MP and PL stress by microalga and cyanobacterium suggests that phytoplankton and MP type and size, may play major roles in determining stress response. This study underscores the possible change in community structure and function of paddy field phytoplankton at presently prevalent environmental MP concentrations and, consequently, on rice productivity.
Predictors of treatment response trajectories in chronic fatigue syndrome
Authors: Van Oudenhove Lukas , Debyser Soetkin , Vergaelen Elfi , Claes Stephan , Van Den Houte Maaike
Published: November 2023

Background. The response to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) varies greatly between patients, but predictors of treatment success are largely unknown. We aimed to identify patient subgroups based on treatment response trajectory, identify pre-treatment predictors of subgroup membership, and disentangle the direction of predictor – outcome relationships over time.Methods. 297 CFS patients were enrolled in a standardized CBT program. Self-reported levels of fatigue, depressive, anxiety, and somatic symptoms, perceived stress, and positive affect were collected pre-treatment, after sessions 3 and 10, and post-treatment. Latent Class Growth Analysis (LCGA) was used to identify subgroups based on fatigue trajectories during treatment with predictors of subgroup allocation. Cross-lagged structural equation models were used to disentangle predictor-outcome relationships. Results. LCGA identified four treatment response trajectory subgroups, which can be labelled as “no improvement” (Class 4, 23%), “weak improvement” (Class 3, 45%), “moderate improvement” (Class 1, 23%), and “strong improvement” (Class 4, 9%). Higher pre-treatment levels of depressive, anxiety, and somatic symptoms, perceived stress, and lower levels of positive affect predicted membership of the “no improvement” subgroup. Reductions in anxiety preceded reductions in fatigue, while the depressive symptoms – fatigue relationship was bidirectional. Conclusions. A standardized CBT program for CFS is moderately effective at the group level, with important individual differences in treatment response. Higher pre-treatment levels of anxious, depressive, and somatic symptoms and perceived stress are predictors of lack of response, suggesting these may need to be treated separately prior to enrolling patients in the standardized CBT treatment program.
A framework connecting vision and depiction
Authors: Wijntjes Maarten , van Middelkoop Catelijne
Published: November 2023

We present a framework that connects ideas from the visual arts and visual perception. It adapts two existing frameworks for the analysis of form and content so that it can be used in an education context for teaching perception through visual arts. The basis is the formal analysis of texture, color, light, space and material. This analysis can be conducted both on the medium and the motif, which adds a second level in addition to the formal level. Third, a conte(n/x)t level is discussed which combines a basic notion of semiotics and iconography. We share our experience of implementing pictorial analysis in design and perception education and discuss how the framework is used both in a quantitative and qualitative fashion. Next to education, the framework provides a basis for further pictorial research.
Witchcraft, Envy, and Norm Enforcement in Mauritius
Authors: Willard Aiyana Koka , Rosun Nachita , Lesage Kirsten A , Horský Jan , Xygalatas Dimitris
Published: November 2023

Recent research has shown that an array of religious beliefs can be used to enforce a variety of social norms, but the application of these theories to other supernatural beliefs, including witchcraft, is still nascent. Across two pre-registered studies, we examine how witchcraft can enforce norms around envy and prevent envy in others in Mauritius. All data was collected in-person in Mauritius. In study 1 (N = 445), we found that both practicing witchcraft and being motivated by envy or self-interest increase perceptions of harm. These motivations, but predominantly envy, also increase the rate with which people suggest a person is doing witchcraft. Belief that someone is doing magic increases the negativity with which one views that person and damages their reputation. In study 2 (N = 292), we found that when a person breaks a norm around causing envy in others, a subsequent misfortune is more likely to be believed caused by witchcraft, but not God, whereas when someone acts selfishly towards others a subsequent misfortune is more likely to be caused by God but not witchcraft. This suggests that witchcraft beliefs, but not religious ones, are enforcing norms around preventing envy. Together, these studies suggest that witchcraft beliefs can support locally specific social norms, and that these norms might be different than those supported by religion.
Accessible and Sustainable Statistics with JASP
Authors: Wagenmakers Eric-Jan , Kucharský Šimon , van Doorn Johnny , van den Bergh Don
Published: November 2023

JASP is open-source software that aims to make statistical methodology available to a wide audience. JASP's user-friendly interface enables students, teachers, and researchers to conduct complex analyses in an instant, allowing the focus to lie on the interpretation of the results rather than on the underlying computer code. JASP includes both well-established and state-of-the-art methods and presently offers a full-fledged, modern replacement for commercial software such as SPSS or Minitab. JASP has been developed primarily at the University of Amsterdam and is now supported by a Community of several universities and colleges.
The ABC(T)s of an Apology: When Allyship Breeds Animosity
Authors: Lorenzo-Luaces Lorenzo , Rodriguez-Seijas Craig Anthony
Published: November 2023

This has no abstract.
The system of tasks for educational (introductory elementary mathematics) practice as a source of preparation of future teachers of mathematics to work in engineering classes
Authors: Makhonina Anzhela Anatolevna , Smykovskaia Tatiana Konstantinovna
Published: November 2023

The article presents a system of tasks for educational (introductory elementary mathematics) practice. Its role in the preparation of future teachers of mathematics for the organization of teaching mathematics in engineering classes is substantiated. An example of an online course of practice support, designed on the basis of a system of tasks, is given.
MEDIAN ARCUATE LIGAMENT SYNDROME (DUNBAR SYNDROME) AS A MULTIDISCIPLINARY PROBLEM. CLINICAL OBSERVATION AND LITERATURE REFERENCE
Authors:   State Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Hospital, Novosibirsk, Russia, Dorovskaya O.I. , Manakova Ya.L. ,   State Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Hospital; Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia, Tov N.L. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia, Nepomnyashchikh D.L. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia, Brezhneva K.A. ,   State Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Hospital, Novosibirsk, Russia, Kharlamova L.A. ,   State Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Hospital, Novosibirsk, Russia
Published: November 2023

Introduction. Median arcuate ligament syndrome (MALS, Dunbar syndrome) is a rare vascular compression syndrome caused by extravascular compression of the celiac trunk (CT) and celiac plexus by the median arcuate ligament of the diaphragm and is one of the causes of chronic abdominal ischemia and neuropathic pain syndrome. Clinical observation. A woman, 36 years old, was hospitalized with complaints of abdominal pain of moderate intensity, diarrhea up to 10 times a day, weight loss of 11 kg over the past year. Inflammatory bowel disease, gluten enteropathy, lymphoma of the small intestine, malabsorption syndrome, pathology of the endocrine system was excluded. Abdominal high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) angiography was performed. Signs of extravascular compression of CT up to 90% with a thickened median arcuate ligament with the formation of a U-shaped deformation were revealed. Laparoscopic decompression surgery was performed with simultaneous transluminal angioplasty, which led to a decrease in compression and disappearance of clinical symptoms. After 18 months, clinical improvement persisted, diarrhea disappeared. HRCT angiography and ultrasound duplex examination (USDE) showed sufficient blood flow in the CT system. During the follow-up period, the patient had moderate neuropathic pain and anxiety and depressive disorders requiring appropriate correction. Conclusion. The diagnostic and therapeutic approach to MALS should be patient-centered and requires the involvement of a team of specialists. Laparoscopic decompression is an effective treatment and can provide immediate symptoms relief. The results of the intervention can be assessed by HRCT angiography and USDE (methods supplementing each other). Correction of neuropathic pain syndrome and anxiety-depressive disorder is of great importance for improving the patient's quality of life.
LUPUS NEPHRITIS: CLINICAL CASE WITH DOUBLE TRANSPLANTATION. Ar.A. DEMIN’S CONTRIBUTION TO STUDYING THE DISEASE
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia, Demin A.Ar.
Published: November 2023

Introduction. Lupus nephritis (LN) is common in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a severe autoimmune disease with a poor prognosis. Restoring the immune system and self-tolerance using high-dose immunosuppressive therapy with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) is a new approach in the treatment of refractory SLE. The effectiveness of SLE with LN treatment in the long-term follow-up should be the subject for study. Methods. Patient I., 25 years old, with refractory SLE and LN is described. Standard therapy was ineffective, the SLEDAI score remained 22 points, so the patient underwent high-dose immunosuppressive therapy (HIT) with ASCT, and she was included in the registry of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation of the European League Against Rheumatism (EBMT/EULAR). Results. As a result of ASCT, complete clinical and serological remission was achieved (score on the SLEDAI scale – 0 points) for 3 years. Then there was a relapse with nephrotic syndrome and anti-DNA positivity which led to the end-stage renal failure. Despite therapy, the disease activity persisted, and the patient was on regular hemodialysis for 1 year, then underwent allogeneic kidney transplantation. Currently, 18 years have passed since HIT and AHSCT and 11 years since renal transplantation. The patient receives standard post-transplant immunosuppression, and her condition remains stable, the renal allograft is functioning, the SLEDAI score is 2 points (low titer anti-DNA positivity). Discussion. Modern standards of chemotherapy (hydroxychloroquine, mycophenolate mofetil, cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids), bioactive immunotherapy (rituximab, belimumab, obinituzumab, anifrolumab), “multi-target therapy” (standard + tacrolimus, voclosporin, mycophenolate mofetil), and new approaches (immuno- and nephrotransplantation) for lupus nephritis. Conclusion. The successful long-term results of the first case of immunoablation with high-dose immunosuppressive therapy and double autologous stem cell and allogeneic kidney transplantation for SLE with refractory lupus nephritis and an analysis of the effectiveness of modern treatment approaches are presented.