bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Species delimitation and integrative taxonomy of the Reithrodontomys mexicanus (Rodentia: Cricetidae) cryptic complex
Authors: Martinez Daily , Arellano Elizabeth , González-Cózatl Francisco , Ospina-Garces Sandra , Rogers Duke
Published: March 2023

Species boundaries are difficult to establish in groups with very
similar morphology. As an alternative, it has been suggested to
integrate multiple sources of data to clarify taxonomic problems in taxa
where cryptic speciation processes have been reported. This is the case
of the harvest mouse Reithrodontomys mexicanus, which has a
problematic taxonomy history as it is considered a complex species.
Here, we evaluate the cryptic diversity of R. mexicanus using an
integrative taxonomy approach in order to detect candidate lineages at
the species-level. The molecular analysis used one mitochondrial (cytb)
and two nuclear (Fgb-I7 and IRBP) genes. Species hypotheses were
suggested based on three molecular delimitation methods (mPTP, bGMYC,
and STACEY), and cytb genetic distances values. Skull and environmental
space differences between the delimited species were also tested to
complement the discrimination of candidate species. Based on the
consensus across the delimitation methods and genetic distance values,
four species were proposed, which were mostly supported by morphometric
and ecological data: R. mexicanus clade I, R. mexicanus
clade IIA, R. mexicanus clade IIIA, and R. mexicanus clade
IIIB. In addition, the evolutionary relationships between the species
that comprise the R. mexicanus group were discussed from a
phylogenetic approach. Our findings present important taxonomic
implications for Reithrodontomys, as the number of known species
for this genus increases. Furthermore, we highlight the importance of
the use of multiple sources of data in systematic studies to establish
robust delimitations between species considered taxonomically complex.
Large-scale assessment of ecological and anthropogenic drivers of beetle communities in Laos shows that conversion of natural forests into plantations leads to a decline in abundance
Authors: Chouangthavy Bounsanong , Fourcade Yoan
Published: March 2023

Rapid economic development can pose a threat to the biodiversity of
tropical countries. In Laos, this is manifested by the conversion of
natural forests into plantations, even though this area is one of the
biodiversity hotspots of Southeast Asia. Beetle communities can be good
indicators of the impact of anthropogenic pressure on natural
ecosystems. In this study, we analyzed for the first time a countrywide
inventory of Coleoptera to assess the ecological and anthropogenic
drivers of beetle communities in Laos. We examined beetle communities
(described at the family level) across the country, located in distinct
habitat types, in order to understand the impact a rapid increase in
human activities has on the region’s biodiversity. We found that beetle
abundance had declined in plantations compared to natural forests. At
the same time, we observed fewer beetle families in plantations overall,
but at the scale of sampling sites there was no difference in local
diversity compared to natural forests, suggesting a homogenization of
beetle communities in anthropogenic habitats. Although results are
certainly sensitive to our coarse classification of beetle specimens
into families, the negative impact of the conversion of natural tropical
forests into agriculture area can still be clearly demonstrated. Our
findings highlight that it is possible to make use of unstructured
large-scale inventories to explore how beetle communities responds to
landscape changes induced by human activities. We suggest that sampling
beetle communities can be used as an ecological indicator to monitor
anthropogenic impacts on tropical ecosystems.
Precision fermentation with mass spectrometry-based spent media analysis
Authors: Wangikar Pramod , Dodia Hardik , Sunder Avinash Vellore , Borkar Yogen
Published: March 2023

Optimization and monitoring of bioprocesses requires the measurement of
several process parameters and quality attributes. Mass spectrometry
(MS)-based techniques such as those coupled to gas chromatography (GCMS)
and liquid Chromatography (LCMS) enable the simultaneous measurement of
hundreds of metabolites with high sensitivity. When applied to spent
media, such metabolome analysis can help determine the sequence of
substrate uptake and metabolite secretion, consequently facilitating
better design of initial media and feeding strategy. Furthermore, the
analysis of metabolite diversity and abundance from spent media will aid
the determination of metabolic phases of the culture and the
identification of metabolites as surrogate markers for product titer and
quality. This review covers the recent advances in metabolomics analysis
applied to the development and monitoring of bioprocesses. In this
regard, we recommend a stepwise workflow and guidelines that a
bioprocesses engineer can adopt to develop and optimize a fermentation
process using spent media analysis. Finally, we show examples of how the
use of MS has revolutionized the design and monitoring of bioprocesses.
‘Patience is a virtue’ – Post-traumatic Axillary Web Syndrome - resolution without intervention
Authors:   Lincolnshire Community Healthcare NHS Trust, Lincoln, UK, Mohammed Jaleel , Ash Catherine ,   Lincolnshire Community Healthcare NHS Trust, Lincoln, UK, Rai Jayanti ,   Kent Community Health NHS Foundation Trust, Kent, UK
Published: March 2023

The current case report showcases an atypical symptomatic post-traumatic Axillary Web Syndrome in a 63-year-old Caucasian male patient with complete resolution of symptoms with no intervention. Axillary web syndrome is a condition where the skin area under the axilla becomes taut and on palpation there is a cord-like feeling similar to a guitar string, usually bound together as spider web appearance. The case report highlights the importance of appropriate physical examination and also the need for Community Diagnostic Centres and Point of Care Ultrasound services to help provide patients with timely diagnosis, reduce patient anxiety, and enhance patient experience and outcomes. The current case study is specifically useful for healthcare professionals working in primary care, especially in the National Health Service, where resources are already stretched to avoid unnecessary referrals, interventions and investigations. The case report is atypical since axillary web syndrome is typically and largely seen in cancer patients, specifically post breast cancer surgery in females and very rarely seen as a post traumatic presentation in acute setting.
Refining the Definition of Stage 1 Type 1 Diabetes: An Ontology-Driven Analysis of the Heterogeneity of Multiple Islet Autoimmunity
Authors: Frohnert Brigitte I. , Ghalwash Mohamed , Li Ying , Ng Kenney , Dunne Jessica L. , Lundgren Markus , Hagopian William , Lou Olivia , Winkler Christiane , Toppari Jorma , Veijola Riitta , Anand Vibha ,   T1DI Study Group, Ziegler Anette G. , Bonifacio Ezio , Achenbach Peter , Winkler Christiane , Rewers Marian , Frohnert Brigitte I. , Norris Jill , Steck Andrea , Waugh Kathleen , Yu Liping , Hagopian William A. , Killian Michael , Wolf Angela , Meyer Jocelyn , Crouch Claire , Radtke Jared , Lernmark Åke , Larsson Helena Elding , Lundgren Markus , Maziarz Marlena , Spiliopoulos Lampros , Jönsson Josefin , Veijola Riitta , Toppari Jorma , Ilonen Jorma , Knip Mikael , Anand Vibha , Ghalwash Mohamed , Ng Kenney , Li Zhiguo , Kwon B.C. , Stravopolous Harry , Koski Eileen , Malhotra Ashwani , Moore Shelley , Hu Jianying , Dunne Jessica , Liu Bin , Li Ying , Lou Olivia , Martin Frank
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVE

To estimate the risk of progression to stage 3 type 1 diabetes based on varying definitions of multiple islet autoantibody positivity (mIA).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Type 1 Diabetes Intelligence (T1DI) is a combined prospective data set of children from Finland, Germany, Sweden, and the U.S. who have an increased genetic risk for type 1 diabetes. Analysis included 16,709 infants-toddlers enrolled by age 2.5 years and comparison between groups using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.

RESULTS

Of 865 (5%) children with mIA, 537 (62%) progressed to type 1 diabetes. The 15-year cumulative incidence of diabetes varied from the most stringent definition (mIA/Persistent/2: two or more islet autoantibodies positive at the same visit with two or more antibodies persistent at next visit; 88% [95% CI 85–92%]) to the least stringent (mIA/Any: positivity for two islet autoantibodies without co-occurring positivity or persistence; 18% [5–40%]). Progression in mIA/Persistent/2 was significantly higher than all other groups (P < 0.0001). Intermediate stringency definitions showed intermediate risk and were significantly different than mIA/Any (P < 0.05); however, differences waned over the 2-year follow-up among those who did not subsequently reach higher stringency. Among mIA/Persistent/2 individuals with three autoantibodies, loss of one autoantibody by the 2-year follow-up was associated with accelerated progression. Age was significantly associated with time from seroconversion to mIA/Persistent/2 status and mIA to stage 3 type 1 diabetes.

CONCLUSIONS

The 15-year risk of progression to type 1 diabetes risk varies markedly from 18 to 88% based on the stringency of mIA definition. While initial categorization identifies highest-risk individuals, short-term follow-up over 2 years may help stratify evolving risk, especially for those with less stringent definitions of mIA.
School Nurses’ Comfort With Diabetes Management and Technology From 2012 to 2019
Authors: Gomber Apoorva , Wentzell Katherine , Higgins Laurie A. , Volkening Lisa K. , Laffel Lori
M.
Published: March 2023

  

Objective. School nurses are integral to optimizing diabetes management for students with type 1 diabetes. The aim of this study was to describe the use of diabetes technology in schools over time and assess school nurses’ comfort level performing diabetes management tasks.

Study design. From 2012 to 2019, school nurses who attended a diabetes education program completed a survey about their experience and comfort level with diabetes management. 

Results. A total of 1,796 school nurses completed the survey; 56% had at least 5 years of school nursing experience. Most (86%) had at least one student with type 1 diabetes. Among school nurses with at least one student with type 1 diabetes, 73% had at least one student using insulin pump therapy, and 48% had at least one student using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). There was no change in pump use over time, but the percentage of nurses who had a student using CGM increased significantly from 24% in 2012 to 86% in 2019 (P <0.001). School nurses’ comfort level using pumps remained stable over time. Overall, 47% reported being mostly/very comfortable giving boluses using a pump, and 17% reported being mostly/very comfortable troubleshooting problems with a pump. However, there was a significant increase in school nurses reporting feeling mostly/very comfortable working with CGM devices, increasing from 9% in 2012 to 44% in 2019 (P <0.001). 

Conclusion. School nurses are an integral part of diabetes management for school-aged youth with type 1 diabetes. There is a need for additional diabetes education and support to build their confidence with diabetes management and technology, especially with further technological advancements in management.
Relationships of emotion regulation to procrastination, life satisfaction and resilience to discomfort
Authors: González Manuel , Rovella Anna , Barrera Andrea , González Mario
Published: March 2023

Background: Emotion regulation involves the modulation of emotional experiences to facilitate goal attainment. Conversely, emotional difficulties are a pattern of emotional experiences and expressions that interfere with goal-directed behavior. Objectives: Our aim was to determine the relationship between emotional regulation difficulties with procrastination, life satisfaction, and resilience to distress. Methods: The sample consisted of 366 individuals from the general population, with a mean age of 33 years (SD=15) and 62.1% female. Results: Procrastination was positively related to the six emotional distress regulation strategies and negative affect (NA), and negatively related to positive affect (PA). Life satisfaction and distress endurance are negatively related to the identified regulation strategies and NA, and positively related to PA. Procrastination, once NA and PA are controlled is predicted by lack of clarity and lack of goals. Satisfaction with life and resistance to distress are predicted by less lack of strategies. Conclusions: It is concluded that of the sociodemographic variables only age is relevant to procrastination, given that people younger than 21 years score higher on this construct. Procrastination is positively related to the six dimensions of difficulties in emotion regulation, where it is predicted by lack of goals and lack of clarity, however, satisfaction with life and resistance to discomfort by less lack of strategies.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Tematik Terpadu menggunakan Model Discovery Learning di Kelas IV
Authors: Oktamia Yulia , S Farida
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study is to describe the improvement of student learning outcomes in integrated thematic learning using the Discovery Learning Model. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (CAR) using quantitative and qualitative approaches. The place of the study was the 13 Batu Gadang State Elementary School, Padang City. The results of this study indicate: a) RPP cycle 1 meeting 1 obtained an average of 77,77%, cycle 1 meeting 2 obtained an average of 86.11% (good) and cycle II 94% (very good), b) Implementation on the teacher aspect the first cycle meeting 1 obtained an average of 79.68% (good) and the second cycle 90.6% (very good), while the implementation of aspects of the first cycle students with an average of 79.68% (good), and the second cycle 90 , 6% (very good), c) Assessment of students in improving learning outcomes in the first cycle obtained with an average of 81.2 and the second cycle with an average of 86.6. Based on these results it can be concluded that the Discovery Learning model can improve student learning outcomes in integrated thematic learning.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Tematik Menggunakan Model Snowball Throwing di Kelas V SDN 17 Bonjo Alam Ampek Angkek
Authors: Fauzana Annisa , Lena Mai Sri
Published: March 2023

The aimes of the research was to inform the increase of students’ learning outputs by implementing “Snowball Throwing” model class for grade V  Students at SD N 17 Bonjo Alam Ampek Angkek. This research was a classroom action reasearch. The results showed the improvement of students’ learning output, they were : a) observation results of the lesson plan (RPP) in cycle I 86,10%, it increased in cycle II became 94,44%. b) observation on teacher’s aspects in cycle 1 : 86,10%, it increased into 94,44%. c) the result of students’ activities in cycle I : 86,10%, it increased in cylce II : 94,44%. d) Students’ learning assessment at cycle I is avaraged 77,87% with 72,27% furthermore it was increased in cycle II became 86,36%.
Pengaruh Penerapan Model Project Based Learning Terhadap Hasil Belajar Tematik Terpadu di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Sari Kurnia Nur'afita , Fitria Yanti
Published: March 2023

The study is intended to describe the impact that application of the basea learning project (project) on learning integrated thematic results in elementary schools is quantitative In the form of quasy experimentation des ign with the non equnalent control group design. Technique Sampling of the chuster random sampling. The research subject is a student student of the visdn zero-one class, a city of wasteland. Research shows: the average pretest/experimental class that applies learning using the model project based learning is 50.42 and the average study posttest for experimental class testing is 85.76. Whereas the study in the control class the results of pretesr learning are 64.4 and the average learning results after cataloging using a conventional approach have a postest 69.19. Based on the hypothesis test done with test t, acquired t'= 6.42 > td2.0096. Thus the uodel project rased leatuing has hada significant impact on learning integrated tenatik in elementary school.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Tematik Terpadu Peserta Didik Menggunakan Metode Problem Based Learning di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Utama David Pra , Muhammadi Muhammadi
Published: March 2023

This study aims to determine the increase in integrated thematic learning outcomes of students in class V of Primary Schools using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model. This type of research is classroom action research, which was conducted in two cycles. The approach taken in this study is a qualitative approach and quantitative approach. The observations of the Learning Implementation Plan in the first cycle obtained an average of 87.49% good qualifications (B), and experienced an increase in the second cycle so as to obtain an average of 96.42% with very good qualifications (AB). In the implementation of the first cycle learning aspects aspects of teachers and students each gained an average of 78% with good qualifications (C), and in the second cycle increased to 96% very good qualifications (AB). In the aspect of knowledge and skills of students in cycle I obtained an average of 74.36 with a good predicate (B), and also an increase in cycle II so as to obtain an average of 88.33 with a very good predicate (A). This shows an increase in student learning outcomes in integrated thematic learning using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model in class V SDN 01 Bandar Buat City of Padang.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Pada Pembelajaran Tematik Terpadu Menggunakan Pendekatan Saintifik di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Wati Mela , Yunisrul Yunisrul
Published: March 2023

This study aims to describe student learning outcomes in integrated thematic learning using a scientific approach in class II SDN 07 Kampung Dalam, Pasaman Regency. This type of research is a classroom action research using qualitative and quantitative approaches. The subjects in this study were teachers and students of class II where the number of male students was 15 and 11 female students. The results showed that a) planning cycle I obtained a value of 82.95% with good qualifications increased in cycle II to 95.45% with very good qualifications, b) implementation of learning aspects of teachers and students in cycle I obtained a value of 81.25% with qualifications both increased in the second cycle to 93.75% with very good qualifications, c) student learning outcomes in the first cycle obtained an average value of 81.62 then increased in the second cycle to 87.42 with a percentage of 92.73% completeness.
Hubungan Motivasi Belajar dengan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Pembelajaran Tematik di Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Asmelia Sherly Putri , Fitria Yanti
Published: March 2023

The research aim to know there is or no correlation motivation in learning with student learning outcomes in thematic learning of four grade of primary school on cluster two in subdistrict Enam Lingkung regency Padang Pariaman. This type of research is quantitative research with correlation research methods. The amount of sample is 26 students, four grade of primary school 16 Enam Lingkung. The result of the research there is positive correlation an significant students motivation in learning with student learning outcomes in thematic learning of four grade of primary school on cluster two in subdistrict Enam Lingkung regency Padang Pariaman. This was proven from rhitung = 0.533 > rtabel = 0.404, and significance value 0.000 < 0.005. which means that Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected  , so the hypothesis says "there is a correlation in learning motivation with student learning outcomes in thematic learning in of four grade of primary school on cluster two in subdistrict Enam Lingkung regency Padang Pariaman" accepted.
MODEL OF GROWTH OF SETTLEMENT AREAS IN JAMBI CITY
Authors: Nugroho Cahyadi , Nismawati Nismawati
Published: March 2023

This study illustrates the growth model of Jambi City until 2035 supported by several driving factors derived from human activities and patterns of movement. Sampling based on the administrative Area of Interest (AOI) of Jambi City. Sources of data obtained from relevant agencies and remote sensing imagery (Landsat Image). Analysis of research data using demographic analysis, GIS, Cellular Automata and statistics. The results showed that there was a change in land cover during the predictions between 2016-2035; Judging from the growth of settlements, each year it is increasingly referring to the expansion diffusion model with concentric shapes through Cellular Automata modeling. Settlements will always grow in the Central Business District, namely Pasar Jambi District and Jelutung District and South Jambi District will further develop in 2035.
SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIABILITY OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE AND CHLOROPHYLL-A ACCORDING TO THE SEASON IN PESISIR SELATAN REGENCY WATERS WITH AQUA-MODIS IMAGERY
Authors: Saputra Hendra
Published: March 2023

Fishermen's understanding of oceanographic parameters, especially sea surface temperature conditions and chlorophyll-a concentration in the process of determining fishing operations are still very low. The cause is the constraints of technology and human resources, and not widely available data and information on fisheries resources, including their parameters. Remote sensing technology is one solution that can be used to understand the spatial and temporal conditions of great waters. This research was conducted in the waters of the Pesisir Selatan Regency with the aim to : 1) measure and map the spatial and temporal variability of sea surface temperature in 2013, 2) measure and map the spatial and temporal variability of chlorophyll-a concentration in 2011-2013, 3) measure the relationship between sea surface temperature with the concentration of chlorophyll-a. This study uses a quantitative approach using analysis desk metode. The results showed that: 1) sea surface temperature mean highest monthly throughout the year occurred in the first transitional season between March and May, where sea surface temperatures reach more than 31 0C, 2) Chlorophyll-a concentration between 2011 to 2013 was highest in the east of the season and second in the transitional seasons are concentrated in the area of the waters region of Linggo Sari Baganti Regencys to Silaut Regencys, 3) Sea surface temperature is strongly influencing the concentration of chlorophyll-a, regression coefficient (r) of 0.811, Relationships sea surface temperatures mean monthly negatively correlated, with each increase of 1 0C of the sea surface temperature caused a decrease in chlorophyll-a concentration of 0.176 mg/m3.
DYNAMIC OF CHANGING AREA OF SUSPENDED SOLID BY UTILIZING LANDSAT 8 OIL IMAGES IN LAKE SINGKARAK, WEST SUMATRA PROVINCE, 2017 and 2022
Authors: Kurniawan Indra , Arief Dian Adhetya
Published: March 2023

TSS is suspended materials (diameter > 1 µm) retained on a millipore filter with a pore diameter of 0.45 µm. TSS consists of silt and fine sand and micro-organisms. The main cause of TSS in waterways is soil erosion or soil erosion that is carried into water bodies. If the TSS concentration is too high, it will inhibit the penetration of light into the water and result in disruption of the photosynthesis process (Effendi in Lestari, 2009:4). Many activities cause turbidity that affects the penetration of sunlight into water bodies, so it can hinder the process of photosynthesis and primary production of waters. Turbidity usually consists of an organic particle originating from watershed erosion and resuspension from the lake bottom. Keywords : Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, Normalized Burn Ratio, Landsat 8, Severity Level of Forest and Land Fires. Based on the results of the study, researchers have obtained TSS values ​​in 2017 and 2022 at Lake Singkarak with the Landsat 8 image data processing method using the Syarif Budiman algorithm with several stages, namely first combining image data bands from band 1 to band 7 then cropping which serves to determine the area to examine then performs masking which functions to separate land from water and then enter the Syarif Budiman algorithm formula then classify the TSS values ​​in Lake Singkarak. It can be seen that the predicted TSS concentration has not been too much different from the TSS concentration in the field. researchers have obtained TSS values ​​in 2017 and 2022 at Lake Singkarak with the Landsat 8 image data processing method using the Syarif Budiman algorithm with several stages, namely first combining image data bands from band 1 to band 7 then cropping which functions to determine the area which will be examined then do masking which functions to separate land from water and then enter the Syarif Budiman algorithm formula then classify the TSS values ​​in Lake Singkarak. It can be seen that the predicted TSS concentration has not had too much difference in the concentration in the field. researchers have obtained TSS values ​​in 2017 and 2022 at Lake Singkarak with the Landsat 8 image data processing method using the Syarif Budiman algorithm with several stages, namely first combining image data bands from band 1 to band 7 then cropping which functions to determine the area which will be examined then do masking which functions to separate land from water and then enter the Syarif Budiman algorithm formula then classify the TSS values ​​in Lake Singkarak. It can be seen that the predicted TSS concentration has not to have o much difference with wififrameS concentration in the field.
Pengaruh Sektor Pariwisata Terhadap Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja Di 9 Destinasi Wisata Favorit Kabupaten/Kota Provinsi Sumatera Barat
Authors: Wahyu Yolanda Febrita , Triani Mike
Published: March 2023

Tourism is a variety of tourism activities supported by various facilities and infrastructure provided by the community, the private sector and local government, West Sumatra Province is a national tourist destination that has various and exotic tourist objects and attractions, both natural as well as culture. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the number of tourist visits, the number of restaurants, and the number of hotels on employment in 9 Favorite District/City Tourism Destinations in West Sumatra Province in 2016-2021. The variables of this study consist of the dependent variable, namely employment (Y) and the independent variables, namely the number of tourist visits (X1), the number of restaurants (X2), the number of hotels (X3) and the wage rate (X4). Data collection used indirect observation techniques and the data obtained was analyzed using panel data regression. The results of the study show that there is an effect of the number of tourists on employment, there is no effect of the number of restaurants on employment, there is an effect of the number of hotels on employment, there is no effect of wage rates on employment and there is an influence on the number of tourist visits, the number of restaurants, the number hotels and wage rates on employment in 9 Favorite Tourism Destinations in West Sumatra Regency/City Province in 2016-2021.
Enhancing the Pupilsâ€™; Discovery Approach in Teaching Water Cycle to the Grade 3 Pupils: A Lesson Study Based Approach
Authors: Pagara Charity Rose Absin
Published: March 2023

This collaborative study was designed to enhance the discovery skills of Grade 3 pupils. There were 38 participants and data were collected from recorded virtual brainstorming sessions, observation notes, and Online Classroom Actual Implementation of Lesson design conducted inÂ two cycles. It has 2 cycles with the second cycle having an improved version of the lesson plan. Results showed that there were more pupils who generated answers based on the discovery approach in the 2nd cycle of lesson implementation using the refined version of the lesson plan. Furthermore, results of the formative test during the second cycle indicates the benefit of lesson study in enhancing the discovery skills of the pupils leading to mastery of the lesson concept. The teachersâ€™ inquiry-based instruction was a factor considered to improve the pupilsâ€™ discovery skills. Hence, through lesson study, the factors were identified to help improve the pupilsâ€™ discovery skills. Â
The Netflix Translation of Humour from The Egyptian Vernacular Dialect into MSA: The Case of “El-Limby” and “Elli Bali Balak” Films
Authors: Abdelgawad Naeema
Published: March 2023

Humour is the infallible and never-outdated medium for creating intimacy and collective understanding among peoples of versatile interests and, sometimes, conflicting attitudes. It is the moment of catching the humorous effect that counts. Humour creation is not easy because the factors that would trigger laughter vary from one person to another. Creating humour on an international level demands distinguished abilities, as it is hard to accommodate all the factors that would motivate diverse peoples and social brackets to laugh at the same time for the same reason, due to national, historical and cultural factors. The hypothesis is based upon the assumption that the world societies speak the same language with the same dialect. Yet, the situation gets complicated if translation problems and techniques are considered, and it turns to exigently complex when the source dialect differs from that of the targeted audience. However, the latter case has never been a problem for the Egyptian drama, as the entire Middle Eastern societies can transcend the dialect barrier. Notably, the vernacular dialects in the Middle East region are fundamentally diverse to extent that they are, sometimes, incomprehensible altogether. Recently, along with the growing hegemony of the online streaming forums as well as their attempt to globalise the streamed content to attract more subscribers, an active process of subtitling and dubbing are initiated. In the process, all the problems of translation, subtitling and dubbing came to the fore. The article discusses the Netflix intralingual subtitling/dubbing of the Egyptian comedies from the Egyptian vernacular dialect into MSA with reference to the famous and hilariously comic Egyptian films الليمبي“El-Limby” (/ɪlˈlɪmbɪ/)(2002) andاللي بالي بالك “Elli Bali Balak (/ɪˈlɪ ˈbalɪ ˈbælək/) ([You-Know-Who]” (2003) starred by the Egyptian actor Mohamed S’ad. The article also seeks to underline the influence of the Netflix subtitled/dubbed MSA content upon the Middle East region.
A framework for nationwide COVID-19 vaccine safety research in the Republic of Korea: the COVID-19 Vaccine Safety Research Committee
Authors: Jeong Na-Young , Park Hyesook , Oh Sanghoon , Jung Seung Eun , Kim Dong-Hyun , Shin Hyoung-Shik , Han Hee Chul , Lee Jong-Koo , Woo Jun Hee , Park Byung-Joo , Choi Nam-Kyong
Published: March 2023

With the introduction of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines, the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA) commissioned the National Academy of Medicine of Korea to gather experts to independently assess post-vaccination adverse events. Accordingly, the COVID-19 Vaccine Safety Research Committee (CoVaSC) was launched in November 2021 to perform safety studies and establish evidence for policy guidance. The CoVaSC established 3 committees for epidemiology, clinical research, and communication. The CoVaSC mainly utilizes pseudonymized data linking KDCA’s COVID-19 vaccination data and the National Health Insurance Service’s claims data. The CoVaSC’s 5-step research process involves defining the target diseases and organizing ad-hoc committees, developing research protocols, performing analyses, assessing causal relationships, and announcing research findings and utilizing them to guide compensation policies. As of 2022, the CoVaSC completed this research process for 15 adverse events. The CoVaSC launched the COVID-19 Vaccine Safety Research Center in September 2022 and has been reorganized into 4 divisions to promote research including international collaborative studies, long-/short-term follow-up studies, and education programs. Through these enhancements, the CoVaSC will continue to swiftly provide scientific evidence for COVID-19 vaccine research and compensation and may serve as a model for preparing for future epidemics of new diseases.
Yakınçağ Başlarında Kıbrıs’tan Divan-I Hümayuna Yansıyan Şikâyetler
Authors: DEMİR Kader , AKSIN Ahmet
Published: March 2023

Osmanlı Devleti, 15. yüzyıldan 18. yüzyıla kadar devam eden Coğrafi Keşifler, Sanayi İnkılabı, Reform ve Rönesans gibi birtakım iktisadi, içtimai ve teknolojik gelişmeleri takip etmeyerek gerisinde kalmıştır. Ayrıca zaman zaman Avrupa Devletlerine vermiş olduğu geniş çaplı imtiyazlar ile ülkenin ekonomik ve sosyal dengesi olumsuz etkilenmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra 18. yüzyılda sürekli ve uzun süren savaşlar neticesinde devletin masrafları artmış ve halkın üzerine düşen vergi yükümlülüğü de aynı oranda artış göstermiştir.

Bu dönemde meydana gelen ekonomik sarsıntılar ve savaş sebebi ile ülkede birtakım emniyet ve asayişi tehdit eden isyanlar, eşkıyalık olayları, zorbalık faaliyetleri de kendini göstermiştir. Bu dönemde Osmanlı sınırları dahilinde olan Kıbrıs da yaşanan ekonomik ve toplumsal sıkıntılardan etkilenmiştir. 1788-1808 yılları arasında Kıbrıs Ceziresinde miras, alacak-verecek, mal ve eşya gaspı, zorbalık, yalan beyan, vergi ve arazi anlaşmazlıkları gibi birtakım sorunlar meydana gelmiş ve bu durum şikâyetler aracılığı ile divana yansımıştır.

Çalışmamızda ilgili dönemde Kıbrıs’ın içerisinde bulunduğu sosyal ve ekonomik durum ve meydana gelen sorunlar, bu sorunların şikâyetler aracılığı ile divana yansımaları ve yaşanan sıkıntıların, sosyo-ekonomik yapıya etkilerini, şikâyetlerin hangi konularda yoğunlaştığı ve bunların istatistikleri açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.
Yeni Dünya Düzeninde Değişen Dinamiklerin Küresel Politikaya Etkisi
Authors: TOKATLI Seda Gözde
Published: March 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Soğuk Savaş sonrasında inşa edilen yenidünya düzeni içerisinde yapısal değişikliklerin yön değiştirmesiyle devletlerarasındaki ittifak ilişkilerinin yeniden şekillendiğini ortaya koymak ve değer çıkar ikilemi içerisinde çıkar odaklı dış politikanın artan önemini vurgulamaktır. Devletlerin gücü ulusal çıkar kapsamında değerlendirmesi, sert gücün yumuşak güç karşısında yeniden ivme kazanması ve güç dağılımında meydana gelen değişim ve sistemin aksaklıkları bu çalışma kapsamında ortaya konacaktır. Uluslararası sistemin değişen dinamikleri, devlet merkezli güvenlik algısının yeniden artan önemi, yayılmacı politikaların sistem içerisinde artan etkisi ABD-Çin rekabeti temelinde incelenecektir. Devletlerin güç mücadelesi yarışı içerisinde olduğu bu yenidünya düzeni içerisinde yaşanan çok yönlü değişimler analiz edilecek, ABD ve Çin’in güç odaklı politikaların küresel dengeler üzerinde yarattığı etki incelenecektir. Bu çalışmada, tarihsel karşılaştırmalı araştırma yöntemleri kullanılarak nitel bir araştırma yapılacaktır.
Los represores entre la igualdad y la excepcionalidad: la reapertura de los juicios por los crímenes del pasado reciente (Argentina 2003-2007)
Authors: Quaretti Lucía
Published: March 2023

El artículo estudia los sentidos que adquirieron las nociones de igualdad y excepcionalidad respecto del tratamiento penal de los represores en Argentina entre 2003 y 2007 durante la reapertura de los juicios por los crímenes dictatoriales, interrumpidos tras la sanción de las leyes de Punto Final y Obediencia Debida. Se analizan las intervenciones de los tres poderes del Estado -decretos, debates legislativos y fallos judiciales- que permitieron retomar el camino de la justicia penal. Se concluye que el debate acontecido en ese marco contuvo dos posturas antagónicas. La primera, proclive a la vigencia de la impunidad, se erigió sobre la defensa de la igualdad jurídica y consideró que las garantías penales de los represores eran un principio inconmovible. La segunda, favorable a la reapertura, entendió que el desplazamiento de las garantías del derecho interno por las normas del derecho internacional, que promovían el castigo de los crímenes de lesa humanidad, constituía una situación excepcional. No obstante, para esta posición, que triunfó como la mayoritaria, ese desplazamiento era el medio para reanudar los juicios y, de ese modo, restituir el principio de igualdad entre los represores y el resto de la comunidad política, perdido tras la sanción de las leyes de impunidad.
Czy konserwanty poprawiają przepuszczalność powierzchni oka, a tym samym skuteczność terapii?
Authors: Misiuk-Hojło Marta , Tomczyk-Socha Martyna
Published: March 2023

Środki konserwujące używane w preparatach okulistycznych to związki chemiczne o działaniu bakteriobójczym. Zapewniają jałowość leku, zapobiegając przypadkowej kontaminacji mikroorganizmami i rozwojowi w opakowaniu drobnoustrojów, które mogą spowodować infekcję tkanek oka, a dodatkowo zmienić właściwości fizykochemiczne substancji czynnej. W okulistyce najczęściej wykorzystywanym konserwantem jest chlorek benzalkonium, który w efekcie działania powierzchniowo czynnego rozszczelnia połączenia między komórkami nabłonka rogówki, ułatwiając penetrację leku. Na znaczące zwiększenie penetracji rogówkowej wskazują wyniki badań z użyciem chlorku benzalkonium na królikach. Badania porównujące tożsamą skuteczność leków bez konserwantów względem leków z konserwantami były już wielokrotnie przeprowadzane i wykazywały w większości przypadków podobne działanie preparatów. Jednak niektóre badania opisują lepsze działanie leków z konserwantami, co zostanie przedstawione w artykule.
Stosowanie somatotropiny a krótkowzroczność
Authors: Prost Marek E.
Published: March 2023

Cel pracy: Długoterminowa obserwacja zmian długości gałki ocznej i refrakcji u dzieci leczonych somatotropiną (hormonem wzrostu).
Materiał i metodyka: Badania przeprowadzono w grupie 11 dzieci leczonych somatotropiną. W rocznych odstępach wykonywano u nich badania narządu wzroku, uwzględniano w nich refrakcję i pomiary długości osiowej gałki ocznej. Okres obserwacji wynosił 5–9 lat.
Wyniki: U 55% obserwowanych dzieci stwierdzono nadmiernie szybki wzrost długości osiowej gałki ocznej oraz rozwój lub progresję istniejącej uprzednio krótkowzroczności.
Podsumowanie: Stosowanie somatotropiny w okresie rozwojowym u dzieci może powodować nadmierne wydłużenie osiowej długości gałki oraz rozwój lub progresję istniejącej uprzednio krótkowzroczności.
Operacja wtórnego wszczepienia soczewki transskleralnej metodą bezszwową – obserwacje własne
Authors: Jakubowicz-Laska Hanna , Marczak Małgorzata
Published: March 2023

Cel pracy: Przedstawienie wyników operacji wszczepiania soczewki wewnątrzgałkowej typu Carlevale™ o fiksacji transskleralnej metodą bezszwową na podstawie własnych doświadczeń.
Materiał i metody: Operacji wszczepienia metodą bezszwową soczewki transskleralnej typu Carlevale™ poddano 39 osób (40 oczu) z afakią po operacji usunięcia podwichniętej soczewki własnej lub sztucznej, w tym 10 pourazowych i jednego pacjenta z podwichniętą sztuczną soczewką o fiksacji transskleralnej z użyciem szwów niewchłanialnych. Pacjenci pozostawali pod obserwacją w okresie od 6 do 18 miesięcy.
Wyniki: U 80% pacjentów po operacji uzyskano ostrość wzroku taką jak przed zabiegiem lub lepszą (20% osiągnęło 1,0 w skali dziesiętnej bez korekcji). U nieco ponad połowy obserwowano powikłania śródoperacyjne i pooperacyjne. Do najczęstszych należały: keratopatia, niewielkie krwawienie do komory ciała szklistego, rozejście się rany spojówki oraz zaburzenia ciśnienia wewnątrzgałkowego. W większości nie pozostawiły one trwałych następstw.
Wnioski: Wszczepienie sztucznej soczewki o fiksacji transskleralnej bez użycia szwów wydaje się efektywną i stosunkowo bezpieczną metodą leczenia afakii. Jednakże ocena trwałości fiksacji bezszwowej wymaga dalszych badań.
Systemic contraindications for laser vision correction – an overview
Authors: Pniakowska Zofia , Jurowski Piotr , Wierzbowska Joanna
Published: March 2023

Laser vision correction (LCV) is a common corneal surgery for the treatment of refractive errors. The rapid development of LVC techniques make this procedures safe and efficient. Despite the high safety profile of corneal refractive surgery, there are however some clinical conditions that constitute absolute or relative contraindication for this procedures. The aim of the paper was to overview and summarise the currently known systemic contraindications for LVC.
A one-health review on brucellosis in the United States
Authors: Pinn-Woodcock Toby , Frye Elisha , Guarino Cassandra , Franklin-Guild Rebecca , Newman Alexandra P. , Bennett Joy , Goodrich Erin L.
Published: March 2023

Brucellosis is a highly infectious zoonotic disease of global significance due to its adverse impact on public health, economics, and trade. Despite being one of the most prevalent zoonoses worldwide, attention given to global brucellosis control and prevention has been inadequate. Brucella species of greatest one-health relevance in the US include those infecting dogs (Brucella canis), swine (Brucella suis), and cattle and domestic bison (Brucella abortus). Although not endemic in the US, Brucella melitensis warrants awareness as it poses a risk to international travelers. While brucellosis has been eradicated from domestic livestock in the US, its detection in US companion animals (B canis) and US wildlife reservoirs (B suis and B abortus) and enzootic presence internationally pose a threat to human and animal health, warranting its spotlight on the one-health stage. The challenges of B canis diagnosis in humans and dogs is addressed in more detail in the companion Currents in One Health by Guarino et al, AJVR, April 2023. Human consumption of unpasteurized dairy products and occupational exposure of laboratory diagnosticians, veterinarians, and animal care providers are responsible for human exposures reported to the US CDC. Diagnosis and treatment of brucellosis is challenging due to the limitations of diagnostic assays and the tendency of Brucella spp to produce nonspecific, insidious clinical signs and evade antimicrobial therapy, making prevention essential. This review will focus on zoonotic considerations for Brucella spp found within the US along with their epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, treatment, and control strategies.
Large-strain Elastic and Elasto-Plastic Formulations for Host-Inclusion Systems and Their Applications in Thermobarometry and Geodynamics
Authors: Moulas Evangelos , Podladchikov Yury , Zingerman Konstantin , Vershinin Anatoly , Levin Vladimir
Published: March 2023

Mineral inclusions are trapped in a variety of geological environments and physical conditions. If brought to conditions different than their entrapment, mineral inclusions will generally experience different stress conditions than their hosts due to differences in their thermo-elastic properties and the associated deformation. These stress differences develop both in prograde and retrograde metamorphic conditions. The currently available analytical solutions consider isotropic materials and employ either fully linear-elastic behavior or they account for the non-linear-elastic volumetric deformation of minerals. Here we show that, by taking into account the finite volumetric deformation, we are able to explain the systematic differences amongst the available linear and non-linear elastic solutions. Furthermore, we employ a newly derived analytical solution for fully non-linear elastic materials (generalized Varga materials) to the host-inclusion problem. This solution considers both the geometric non-linearity and the material non-linearity by employing a Murnaghan equation of state. Our results show that the complete non-linear, hyperelastic behavior is not needed to explain the pressure differences that develop in common, unreacting, host-inclusion systems. The effects of plastic yielding are also investigated for the case of large finite deformations that can be relevant for the cases of phase transitions and mineral reactions that induce significant volume changes. Our results show that in the case of very large volumetric deformations the incorporation of finite strain effects may become important. Moreover, depending on the yield stress of the materials, the effects of plasticity may be dominant. In the latter case, significant pressure gradients will be developed as a consequence of stress balance. These results are general and they can also be used for elastic-barometry/volcanology applications and for benchmarking compressible Navier-Stokes geodynamic models. Accurate stress predictions in mechanical problems with large volumetric deformation can be significant in modeling the effects of mineral reactions that are generally non-isochoric.
The Translation of Subject Pronoun I from English into Balinese in the Novel The Little Prince and Raja Cenik
Authors: Ariani Ni Made
Published: March 2023

Balinese language has various varieties for its subject pronoun I. Investigating whether the translator presents these varieties when translating the English subject pronoun I into Balinese using the novel The Little Prince and its Balinese translation Raja Cenik is the focus of this study. As the finding, the translator utilizes three different lexicons in translating the English subject pronoun I into Balinese. These varieties include Icang, Titiang and Gelah. The utilization of these three lexicons depends on the social status of the speakers and the interlocutors. Balinese language possesses a number of different linguistic registers. Each of the register addresses the social status of the speakers and the interlocutors. The finding of this study shows that culture and language are intricately interwoven to each other in the translation process.
The Syntax Analysis in Relative Clause Found in the Novel “The Wonderful Wizard of OZ”
Authors: Nika Wirawan I Gede
Published: March 2023

The paper analyses syntax analysis in relative clause found in the novel “The Wonderful Wizard of Oz”. “The Wonderful Wizard of Oz” is a literary work of kid story by Lyman Frank Baum and the illustration was made by W.W. Denslow. Dorothy lived with her Aunt Em, Uncle Henry and her dog, Toto. Theory of relative clauses that was proposed by Quirk (1985), Sneddon (1996) and was supported by other theories. The theory used to analyze the syntax structure was the theory proposed by Brown and Miller. The method that was used to get the data was qualitative, library research. The data were taken from the novel entitled “The Wonderful Wizard of Oz”. This research study aims to: (i) analyze the syntax structure in the relative clause found in the novel entitled “The Wonderful Wizard of Oz”, (ii) analyze the types of relative clauses in the relative clauses found in the novel entitled “The Wonderful Wizard of Oz”.