bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differential Effects of High-Fish Oil and High-Lard Diets on Cells and Cytokines Involved in the Inflammatory Process in Rat Insulin-Sensitive Tissues
Authors: Lionetti Lillà , Mollica Maria , Sica Raffaella , Donizzetti Immacolata , Gifuni Giorgio , Pignalosa Angelica , Cavaliere Gina , Putti Rosalba
Published: February 2014

Dietary fat sources may differentially affect the development of inflammation in insulin-sensitive tissues during chronic overfeeding. Considering the anti-inflammatory properties of ω-3 fatty acids, this study aimed to compare the effects of chronic high-fish oil and high-lard diets on obesity-related inflammation by evaluating serum and tissue adipokine levels and histological features in insulin-sensitive tissues (white adipose tissue, skeletal muscle and liver). As expected, a high-lard diet induced systemic and peripheral inflammation and insulin resistance. Conversely, compared with a high-lard diet, a high-fish oil diet resulted in a lower degree of systemic inflammation and insulin resistance that were associated with a lower adipocyte diameter as well as lower immunoreactivity for transforming growth factor β 1 (TGFβ1) in white adipose tissue. A high-fish oil diet also resulted in a lower ectopic lipid depot, inflammation degree and insulin resistance in the skeletal muscle and liver. Moreover, a high-fish oil diet attenuated hepatic stellate cell activation and fibrogenesis in the liver, as indicated by the smooth muscle α-actin (α-SMA) and TGFβ1 levels. The replacement of lard (saturated fatty acids) with fish oil (ω-3 fatty acids) in chronic high-fat feeding attenuated the development of systemic and tissue inflammation.
Genetics of Oxidative Stress in Obesity
Authors: Rupérez Azahara , Gil Angel , Aguilera Concepción
Published: February 2014

Obesity is a multifactorial disease characterized by the excessive accumulation of fat in adipose tissue and peripheral organs. Its derived metabolic complications are mediated by the associated oxidative stress, inflammation and hypoxia. Oxidative stress is due to the excessive production of reactive oxygen species or diminished antioxidant defenses. Genetic variants, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms in antioxidant defense system genes, could alter the efficacy of these enzymes and, ultimately, the risk of obesity; thus, studies investigating the role of genetic variations in genes related to oxidative stress could be useful for better understanding the etiology of obesity and its metabolic complications. The lack of existing literature reviews in this field encouraged us to gather the findings from studies focusing on the impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms in antioxidant enzymes, oxidative stress-producing systems and transcription factor genes concerning their association with obesity risk and its phenotypes. In the future, the characterization of these single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in obese patients could contribute to the development of controlled antioxidant therapies potentially beneficial for the treatment of obesity-derived metabolic complications.
Development by Design in Western Australia: Overcoming Offset Obstacles
Authors: Fitzsimons James , Heiner Michael , McKenney Bruce , Sochi Kei , Kiesecker Joseph
Published: February 2014

Biodiversity offsets can be an important tool for maintaining or enhancing environmental values in situations where development is sought despite negative environmental impacts. There are now approximately 45 compensatory mitigation programs for biodiversity impacts worldwide, with another 27 programs in development. While offsets have great potential as a conservation tool, their establishment requires overcoming a number of conceptual and methodological hurdles. In Australia, new policy changes at the national and state (i.e., Western Australia) level require that offsets follow a set of general principles: (1) Environmental offsets may not be appropriate for all projects and will only be considered after avoidance and mitigation options have been pursued; (2) Environmental offsets will be based on sound environmental information and knowledge; (3) Establishing goals for offsets requires an estimate of expected direct and indirect impacts; (4) Environmental offsets will be focused on longer term strategic outcomes; (5) Environmental offsets will be cost-effective, as well as relevant and proportionate to the significance of the environmental value being impacted. Here we focus on the challenges of determining and implementing offsets using a real world example from a voluntary offset process undertaken for Barrick Gold’s Kanowna Belle mine site in Western Australia to highlight those challenges and potential solutions.
Mode of Action of Diterpene and Characterization of Related Metabolites from the Soft Coral, Xenia elongata
Authors: Andrianasolo Eric , Haramaty Liti , White Eileen , Lutz Richard , Falkowski Paul
Published: February 2014

Chemical and biological investigation of the cultured marine soft coral Xenia elongata led to the isolation of two new diterpenes (2, 3). Their structures were elucidated using a combination of NMR and mass spectrometry. Biological evaluations and assessments were determined using the specific apoptosis induction assay based on genetically engineered mammalian cell line D3 deficient in Bak and Bax and derived from a mouse epithelial cell. The diterpenes induce apoptosis in low micromolar concentrations. The results indicate that the previously isolated compound (1) affects cell in a manner similar to that of HSP90 and HDAC inhibitors and in a manner opposite of PI3 kinase/mTOR inhibitors. Compound (3) inhibits selectively HDAC6 in high micromolar concentrations.
Predictors of Breastfeeding Duration among Women in Kuwait: Results of a Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Dashti Manal , Scott Jane , Edwards Christine , Al-Sughayer Mona
Published: February 2014

The purposes of this paper are to report the prevalence of breastfeeding to six months among women in Kuwait and to determine the factors that are associated with the duration of breastfeeding. A cohort of 373 women recruited from maternity wards in four hospitals in Kuwait city were followed from birth to 26 weeks postpartum. The association of any and full breastfeeding duration and predictor variables were explored using multivariate Cox’s proportional hazards models. At six months, 39% of all infants were receiving some breast milk and only 2% of infants had been fully breastfed to 26 weeks. Women born in other Arab countries were less likely to discontinue breastfeeding than women born in Kuwait. Other factors positively associated with breastfeeding duration were level of maternal education, higher parity, infant being demand fed in hospital and a preference for breastfeeding on the part of the infant’s father and maternal grandmother. The introduction of a pacifier before four weeks of age and the mother intending to return to work by six months were negatively associated with duration. These findings present a number of opportunities for prolonging breastfeeding duration in Kuwait.
Early Detection of Crop Injury from Glyphosate on Soybean and Cotton Using Plant Leaf Hyperspectral Data
Authors: Zhao Feng , Huang Yanbo , Guo Yiqing , Reddy Krishna , Lee Matthew , Fletcher Reginald , Thomson Steven
Published: February 2014

In this paper, we aim to detect crop injury from glyphosate, a herbicide, by both traditionally used spectral indices and newly extracted features with leaf hyperspectral reflectance data for non-Glyphosate-Resistant (non-GR) soybean and non-GR cotton. The new features were extracted by canonical analysis technique, which could provide the largest separability to distinguish the injured leaves from the healthy ones. Spectral bands used for constructing these new features were selected based on the sensitivity analysis results of a physically-based leaf radiation transfer model (leaf optical PROperty SPECTra model, PROSPECT), which could help extend the effectiveness of these features to a wide range of leaf structures and growing conditions. This approach has been validated with greenhouse measured data acquired in glyphosate treatment experiments. Results indicated that glyphosate injury could be detected by NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), RVI (Ratio Vegetation Index), SAVI (Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index), and DVI (Difference Vegetation Index) in 48 h After the Treatment (HAT) for soybean and in 72 HAT for cotton, but the other spectral indices either showed little use for separation, or did not show consistent separation for healthy and injured soybean and cotton. Compared with the traditional spectral indices, the new features were more feasible for the early detection of glyphosate injury, with leaves sprayed with a higher rate of glyphosate solution having larger feature values. This trend became more and more pronounced with time. Leaves sprayed with different glyphosate rates showed some separability 24 HAT using the new features and could be totally distinguished at and beyond 48 HAT for both soybean and cotton. These findings demonstrated the feasibility of applying leaf hyperspectral reflectance measurements for the early detection of glyphosate injury using these newly proposed features.
Aerosol Indices Derived from MODIS Data for Indicating Aerosol-Induced Air Pollution
Authors: He Junliang , Zha Yong , Zhang Jiahua , Gao Jay
Published: February 2014

Aerosol optical depth (AOD) is a critical variable in estimating aerosol concentration in the atmosphere, evaluating severity of atmospheric pollution, and studying their impact on climate. With the assistance of the 6S radiative transfer model, we simulated apparent reflectancein relation to AOD in each Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) waveband in this study. The closeness of the relationship was used to identify the most and least sensitive MODIS wavebands. These two bands were then used to construct three aerosol indices (difference, ratio, and normalized difference) for estimating AOD quickly and effectively. The three indices were correlated, respectively, with in situ measured AOD at the Aerosol Robotic NETwork (AERONET) Lake Taihu, Beijing, and Xianghe stations. It is found that apparent reflectance of the blue waveband (band 3) is the most sensitive to AOD while the mid-infrared wavelength (band 7) is the least sensitive. The difference aerosol index is the most accurate in indicating aerosol-induced atmospheric pollution with a correlation coefficient of 0.585, 0.860, 0.685, and 0.333 at the Lake Taihu station, 0.721, 0.839, 0.795, and 0.629 at the Beijing station, and 0.778, 0.782, 0.837, and 0.643 at the Xianghe station in spring, summer, autumn and winter, respectively. It is concluded that the newly proposed difference aerosol index can be used effectively to study the level of aerosol-induced air pollution from MODIS satellite imagery with relative ease.
A Review of Swidden Agriculture in Southeast Asia
Authors: Li Peng , Feng Zhiming , Jiang Luguang , Liao Chenhua , Zhang Jinghua
Published: February 2014

Swidden agriculture is by far the dominant land use system in the mountainous regions of Southeast Asia (SEA). It provides various valuable subsistence products to local farmers, mostly the poor ethnic minority groups. Controversially, it is also closely connected with a number of environmental issues. With the strengthening regional economic cooperation in SEA, swidden agriculture has experienced drastic transformations into other diverse market-oriented land use types since the 1990s. However, there is very limited information on the basic geographical and demographic data of swidden agriculture and the socio-economic and biophysical effects of the transformations. International programs, such as the Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD), underscore the importance of monitoring and evaluating swidden agriculture and its transition to reduce carbon emission due to deforestation and forest degradation. In this context, along with the accessibility of Landsat historical imagery, remote sensing based techniques will offer an effective way to detect and monitor the locations and extent of swidden agriculture. Many approaches for investigating fire occurrence and burned area can be introduced for swidden agriculture mapping due to the common feature of fire relatedness. In this review paper, four broad approaches involving spectral signatures, phenological characteristics, statistical theory and landscape ecology were summarized for swidden agriculture delineation. Five research priorities about swidden agriculture involving remote sensing techniques, spatial pattern, change, drivers and impacts were proposed accordingly. To our knowledge, a synthesis review on the remote sensing and outlook on swidden agriculture has not been reported yet. This review paper aims to give a comprehensive overview of swidden agriculture studies in the domains of debated definition, trends, remote sensing methods and outlook research in SEA undertaken in the past two decades.
A Comparative Analysis of EO-1 Hyperion, Quickbird and Landsat TM Imagery for Fuel Type Mapping of a Typical Mediterranean Landscape
Authors: Mallinis Giorgos , Galidaki Georgia , Gitas Ioannis
Published: February 2014

Forest fires constitute a natural disturbance factor and an agent of environmental change with local to global impacts on Earth’s processes and functions. Accurate knowledge of forest fuel extent and properties can be an effective component for assessing the impacts of possible future wildfires on ecosystem services. Our study aims to evaluate and compare the spectral and spatial information inherent in the EO-1 Hyperion, Quickbird and Landsat TM imagery. The analysis was based on a support vector machine classification approach in order to discriminate and map Mediterranean fuel types. The fuel classification scheme followed a site-specific fuel model within the study area, which is suitable for fire behavior prediction and spatial simulation. The overall accuracy of the Quickbird-based fuel type mapping was higher than 74% with a quantity disagreement of 9% and an allocation disagreement of 17%. Both classifications from the Hyperion and Landsat TM fuel type maps presented approximately 70% overall accuracy and 16% allocation disagreement. The McNemar’s test indicated that the overall accuracy differences between the three produced fuel type maps were not significant (p < 0.05). Based on both overall and individual higher accuracies obtained with the use of the Quickbird image, this study suggests that the high spatial resolution might be more decisive than the high spectral resolution in Mediterranean fuel type mapping.
Investigating Energy-Saving Potentials in the Cloud
Authors: Lee Da-Sheng
Published: February 2014

Collecting webpage messages can serve as a sensor for investigating the energy-saving potential of buildings. Focusing on stores, a cloud sensor system is developed to collect data and determine their energy-saving potential. The owner of a store under investigation must register online, report the store address, area, and the customer ID number on the electric meter. The cloud sensor system automatically surveys the energy usage records by connecting to the power company website and calculating the energy use index (EUI) of the store. Other data includes the chain store check, company capital, location price, and the influence of weather conditions on the store; even the exposure frequency of store under investigation may impact the energy usage collected online. After collecting data from numerous stores, a multi-dimensional data array is constructed to determine energy-saving potential by identifying stores with similarity conditions. Similarity conditions refer to analyzed results that indicate that two stores have similar capital, business scale, weather conditions, and exposure frequency on web. Calculating the EUI difference or pure technical efficiency of stores, the energy-saving potential is determined. In this study, a real case study is performed. An 8-dimensional (8D) data array is constructed by surveying web data related to 67 stores. Then, this study investigated the savings potential of the 33 stores, using a site visit, and employed the cloud sensor system to determine the saving potential. The case study results show good agreement between the data obtained by the site visit and the cloud investigation, with errors within 4.17%. Among 33 the samples, eight stores have low saving potentials of less than 5%. The developed sensor on the cloud successfully identifies them as having low saving potential and avoids wasting money on the site visit.
Light Influences How the Fungal Toxin Deoxynivalenol Affects Plant Cell Death and Defense Responses
Authors: Ansari Khairul , Doyle Siamsa , Kacprzyk Joanna , Khan Mojibur , Walter Stephanie , Brennan Josephine , Arunachalam Chanemouga , McCabe Paul , Doohan Fiona
Published: February 2014

The Fusarium mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) can cause cell death in wheat (Triticum aestivum), but can also reduce the level of cell death caused by heat shock in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) cell cultures. We show that 10 μg mL−1 DON does not cause cell death in Arabidopsis cell cultures, and its ability to retard heat-induced cell death is light dependent. Under dark conditions, it actually promoted heat-induced cell death. Wheat cultivars differ in their ability to resist this toxin, and we investigated if the ability of wheat to mount defense responses was light dependent. We found no evidence that light affected the transcription of defense genes in DON-treated roots of seedlings of two wheat cultivars, namely cultivar CM82036 that is resistant to DON-induced bleaching of spikelet tissue and cultivar Remus that is not. However, DON treatment of roots led to genotype-dependent and light-enhanced defense transcript accumulation in coleoptiles. Wheat transcripts encoding a phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) gene (previously associated with Fusarium resistance), non-expressor of pathogenesis-related genes-1 (NPR1) and a class III plant peroxidase (POX) were DON-upregulated in coleoptiles of wheat cultivar CM82036 but not of cultivar Remus, and DON-upregulation of these transcripts in cultivar CM82036 was light enhanced. Light and genotype-dependent differences in the DON/DON derivative content of coleoptiles were also observed. These results, coupled with previous findings regarding the effect of DON on plants, show that light either directly or indirectly influences the plant defense responses to DON.
L'Introduction du Maïs en Afrique
Authors: Portères Roland
Published: February 2014

Le peuplement en variétés de Maïs du continent africain s'est effectué au XVIe siècle par deux voies différentes. L'une par la Méditerranée et le Nil fit pénétrer des formes à graines dures dans les pays septentrionaux et orientaux et autour du Lac Tchad. L'autre par la côte de Guinée introduisit des formes à grains tendres. Il en est résulté ainsi une mise en place absolument accidentelle, un repiquage géographique, qui a été en accord avec les caractères morpho-écologiques au regard de la climatologie.
La psychothérapie est politique ou ce n'est pas de la psychothérapie : l'Approche centrée sur la personne en tant que démarche fondamentalement politique
Authors: Schmid Peter F. , Grisart Jacques
Published: February 2014

Réfléchissant sur l’état actuel des connaissances de la thérapie centrée sur la personne et partant de la compréhension originelle de la politique en tant que conséquence d’une image de l’être humain, cet article soutient et argumente qu’une compréhension politique (le contenu politique, le processus politique, la forme ou l’organisation politique) est essentiellement inhérente à l’Approche centrée sur la personne. Il propose une confrontation des positions politiques des orientations psychothérapeutiques et souligne la posture démocratique et émancipatrice de l’Approche centrée sur la personne. L’article conclut que nous avons besoin d’ouvrir un débat entre les différentes approches de la personne véhiculées dans la société et esquisse une manière politique d’être pour les thérapeutes.
Profil des entreprises en matière de RSE et innovation technologique
Authors: Bocquet Rachel , Mothe Caroline
Published: February 2014

Cet article explore la nature de la relation entre la Responsabilité Sociale des Entreprises (RSE) et l’innovation technologique, avec pour objectif d’identifier les éventuelles spécificités des Petites et Moyennes Entreprises (PME). En dépit de son importance, cette relation reste peu étudiée et les travaux actuels ne permettent pas de différencier les entreprises au regard de la variété des pratiques de RSE mises en œuvre. Afin de contribuer à combler ce vide, nous élaborons un cadre théorique dérivé de la littérature en management stratégique qui distingue deux profils d’adoption des entreprises en matière de RSE. Nous illustrons notre cadre conceptuel par une recherche qualitative auprès de sept PME et filiales de grandes entreprises en Rhône-Alpes. Les résultats montrent que l’innovation technologique des entreprises dépend moins de la taille que de leur comportement stratégique ou réactif en matière de RSE.
Analyse du label social belge et d'un code de conduite dans la lutte contre le travail des enfants
Authors: Giuliano Romina , Dupont Claire
Published: February 2014

Face au fléau planétaire qu’est le travail des enfants, divers chercheurs et organisations ont proposé des actions visant à le combattre. Nous nous sommes intéressées plus particulièrement au label social belge et à son impact éventuel sur cette problématique. Les différents entretiens menés auprès d’entreprises labellisées nous laissent penser que, tel que pratiqué à l’heure actuelle, le label social belge ne correspond pas à un moyen efficace de lutte contre le travail des enfants. Cette constatation nous a aussi amenées à analyser une charte d’entreprise qui semblerait, à première vue, être une méthodologie de travail plus pertinente que celle pratiquée pour le label social belge.
Les pouvoirs de la santé : la complexité d'un système en quête de régulation
Authors: Tabuteau Didier
Published: February 2014

Malgré sa tradition colbertiste, l’État n’a, en France, ni organisé le système de santé ni véritablement assuré sa régulation avant la fin du XX e siècle. La distribution des pouvoirs y est de ce fait particulièrement complexe. Depuis les années 1980, l’affirmation du pouvoir de l’État s’est accompagnée de la multiplication d’agences et de structures sanitaires mais également de l’autonomisation de l’assurance maladie obligatoire et de l’institutionnalisation des assurances complémentaires. Les pouvoirs normatifs et budgétaires sont ainsi fragmentés et rendent délicate une approche globale des problématiques sanitaires et médico-sociales. Le système de santé est désormais confronté à une intensification des conflits de légitimité qui pourrait paradoxalement renforcer le rôle du pouvoir politique et conduire l’assurance maladie universelle à se rétracter au profit d’une protection sociale d’entreprise.
Évaluation médico-économique : pourquoi tant de tergiversations ?
Authors: Caniard Étienne
Published: February 2014

Si l’intitulé même de l’Andem (Agence nationale pour le développement de l’évaluation médicale) soulignait les débuts de l’évaluation, huit ans plus tard l’Anaes (Agence nationale pour l’accréditation de l’évaluation en santé) marque sa mise en œuvre et son élargissement aux établissements de santé. Une nouvelle ambition se manifeste en 2004 avec la création de la HAS (Haute Autorité de santé), outil d’aide à la décision aux compétences étendues. L’évaluation médico-économique est évidemment présente dans les esprits dès les débuts de l’Andem, mais le terme fait tellement peur qu’il faudra attendre la loi de financement de la sécurité sociale de 2008 pour le voir apparaître ! Néanmoins, sur le plan institutionnel, le sentiment qui prévaut est celui d’une évolution régulière et rapide du développement de l’évaluation médicale avec une place de mieux en mieux reconnue, un champ d’intervention qui s’élargit et des objectifs ambitieux. Est-ce le signe d’une prise de conscience progressive, d’une modification des comportements des professionnels et de l’opinion publique, de l’efficacité des outils d’aide à la décision pour les pouvoirs publics... ou d’une fuite en avant devant les difficultés à faire accepter une évaluation médico-économique, devant un fossé s’élargissant entre des outils au service d’objectifs ambitieux et des résultats décevants ?
Les riques cachés à l'hôpital
Authors: Bourdillon François , Petit-Mielet Agnès
Published: February 2014

L’hôpital est un lieu de soin. On y a recours lorsque l’on est malade, pour être examiné, bénéficier d’explorations à visée diagnostique, être traité, être soigné. Cependant l’hôpital est aussi un lieu où les malades sont exposés à des risques le plus souvent méconnus du grand public, en dehors des infections nosocomiales, risques auxquels ils ne peuvent se soustraire car ils n’ont pas vraiment le choix de l’hospitalisation. Les pouvoirs publics ont la responsabilité d’impulser une politique de gestion de ces risques identifiés par les études épidémiologiques afin de les réduire au maximum. Cet article présente les risques les plus couramment rencontrés dans les établissements de santé et les mesures de politique publique qui sont mises en œuvre pour assurer la meilleure qualité des soins possible dans les meilleures conditions de sécurité.
Un paysage sans éthique
Authors: Riboulet Mathieu
Published: February 2014

Il a longtemps été question de consacrer un dossier aux « monstruosités » de la santé sans qu’un sommaire satisfaisant voie jamais le jour, passé le retour obligé sur les atrocités nazies ou l’instrumentalisation de la psychiatrie par le pouvoir soviétique. Sans doute le terme était-il trop fort, ou trop vive la tentation de penser que lesdites « monstruosités » étaient du domaine de l’histoire ; or, les Tribunes de la santé n’est pas une revue d’histoire. À défaut d’une contribution strictement historique, on trouvera donc ici quelques exemples de manquements, dérives, dévoiements et crimes en milieu médical, d’hier et d’aujourd’hui, vus au prisme de leur écriture, journalistique, historique et littéraire.
Thérapie familiale et prise en charge des symptômes familiaux s'exprimant à l'école : à propos des cas de fugues et de vagabondage
Authors: Nguimfack Léonard , Scelles Régine
Published: February 2014

Dans cet article, les liens entre interactions élèves/ famille/institution scolaire et conduite d’inadaptation scolaire sont étudiés du point de vue systémique, en prenant pour illustration le cas de deux enfants d’une même famille dont l’un fugue depuis l’école et l’autre vagabonde. La lecture d’un cas clinique montre que les conduites d’inadaptation scolaire, notamment le vagabondage et la fugue, prennent corps dans la famille et se prolongent à l’école, lieu de leur expression, où elles sont renforcées et maintenues par la ponctuation des séquences de faits (interactions dysfonctionnelles) entre l’élève et l’institution scolaire. En clinique, travailler davantage sur les points de résonance que ces symptômes tissent entre la famille et l’école peut être un puissant levier thérapeutique. Il est perçu, ici, la nécessité de prendre du temps pour écouter, afin d’accompagner le changement.
Quel cadre de travail avec les familles quand des sous-systèmes s'excluent ?
Authors: Murat Lucas , Van Ypersele David , Kaisin Patrick , Van Cutsem Chantal , Lebrun Thierry
Published: February 2014

La Mosaïque est une unité de l’hôpital psychiatrique pour enfants et adolescents « La Petite Maison ». Le travail avec les familles fait partie intégrante du processus de psychothérapie qui a court au sein de l’unité. L’article expose particulièrement le travail mis en œuvre dans l’unité lorsque nous sommes confrontés à des familles dans lesquelles des sous-systèmes s’excluent activement. Il en présente les objectifs, le cadre et les moyens mis en œuvre. Nous y détaillerons le travail de pré-admission, certains aspects pratiques des entretiens de famille, le suivi individuel mis en place autour de ces entretiens et enfin l’articulation du dispositif famille avec l’équipe. Plusieurs exemples cliniques accompagnent cet article.
Undifferentiated Sarcoma of the Orbit With Angiomyxoid Features
Authors: De Niro Jennifer E. , Cham Elaine M. , Silkiss Rona Z.
Published: February 2014

A 7-month-old female infant developed a grade 3 un-differentiated sarcoma with angiomyxoid features of the right orbit. The tumor expanded rapidly 2 months after an initial sub-total resection and extended posteriorly toward the right cavernous sinus. After treatment with ifosphamide, doxorubicin, and proton beam radiation, there was no discernible residual tumor 20 months after starting chemotherapy.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
2014;51:e4–e7.]
Cervantes y los mecenas: denle una segunda oportunidad y escribirá El Quijote
Authors: Teijeiro Fuentes Miguel Á.
Published: February 2014

En este trabajo se destacan los diferentes mecenas a quienes Cervantes dirigió su obra en busca de amparo económico y protección intelectual (el cardenal Espinosa, el cardenal Acquaviva, Ascanio Colonna, el duque de Béjar o don Rodrigo de Osorio). Asimismo, se repasan las dificultades que encontró Cervantes a la hora de publicar sus obras y el escaso entusiasmo que en él despertaba la protección de un mecenas, ya por su orgullosa condición, ya por su hondo sentido de la libertad, ya por su desengaño ante el poder. Ni siquiera el conde de Lemos le concedió el premio de un merecido descanso en su reino de Nápoles, a pesar de haberle dedicado su producción más famosa y de haberle hecho pasar a la posteridad.
Reescrituras dramáticas áureas de La fuerza de la sangre de Cervantes
Authors: Escudero Baztán Juan Manuel
Published: February 2014

Este trabajo analiza las recreaciones del teatro español del siglo XVII de la novela ejemplar de Cervantes La fuerza de la sangre. En concreto se pasa revista a tres hitos en estas recreaciones: La fuerza de la sangre de Guillén de Castro, El agravio satisfecho de Castillo Solórzano y No hay cosa como callar de Calderón de la Barca. Las diferentes reescrituras señalan una relación muy estrecha entre los tres textos dramáticos a través de la intertextualidad y otras influencias.
Don Quijote y Montaigne bajo el prisma del humanismo evangélico
Authors: Bikandi-Mejias Aitor
Published: February 2014

Análisis y comparación de algunos temas, tal y cómo se presentan en los Ensayos de Montaigne y el Quijote de Cervantes, viendo cómo se tratan desde una misma perspectiva humanista y evangélica. Desde la supremacía de la misericordia sobre la justicia, pasando por la relación entre locura y fe, comparten ambos autores muchos puntos en común; y sobre todos ellos, estará el énfasis en el amor y la caridad, como base del nuevo/viejo ser que intentan alumbrar.
A State-of-the-Art Review of Artificial Bee Colony in the Optimization of Single and Multiple Criteria
Authors: Mishra B. S. P. , Dehuri S. , Wang G.-N.
Published: February 2014

Nowadays computers are used to solve a variety and multitude of complex problems facing in every sphere of peoples’ life. However, many of the problems are intractable in nature exact algorithm might need centuries to manage with formidable challenges. In such cases heuristic or in a broader sense meta-heuristic algorithms that find an approximate solution but have acceptable time and space complexity play indispensable role. In this article, the authors present a state-of-the-art review on meta-heuristic algorithm popularly known as artificial bee colony (ABC) inspired by honey bees. Moreover, the ABC algorithm for solving single and multi-objective optimization problems have been studied. A few potential application areas of ABC are highlighted as an end note of this article.
Optimal Arrangement of Thermoelectric Modules for Recovering the Waste Heat of Damavand Power Plant using Mutable Smart Bee and Neuro-Fuzzy System
Authors: Samadian Pendar , Mozaffari Ahmad , Goudarzi Ali , Rezania Alireza , Rosendahl Lasse
Published: February 2014

In current research, the authors intend to find the optimal arrangement of planar thermoelectric modules to maximize the generated electricity and minimize the maintenance cost of a power system called Damavand power plant. Optimal arrangement is done by mounting a number of thermoelectric modules within the condenser in order to recover the waste heat of the thermal system. For this purpose, firstly, an adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is utilized to model the generated power of thermoelectric module and the corresponding maintenance cost. Thereafter, Gambit and Fluent softwares are applied to evaluate the temperature rate through the length of thermoelectric component. Given the derived information, the authors use a recent spotlighted metaheuristic called mutable smart bee algorithm (MSBA) to optimally arrange the thermoelectric modulus for recovering the waste heat of Damavand power plant. Based on the obtained numerical results, it is proven that the proposed frame work is completely capable of finding a practical arrangement of thermoelectric cells within the entry of condenser component.
Measuring the Semantic Relatedness Between Images Using Social Tags
Authors: Xu Zheng , Yan Zhiguo , Liu Yunhuai , Mei Lin
Published: February 2014

Relatedness measurement between multimedia such as images and videos plays an important role in computer vision, which is a base for many multimedia related applications including clustering, searching, recommendation, and annotation. Recently, with the explosion of social media, users can upload media data and annotate content with descriptive tags. In this paper, the authors aim at measuring the semantic relatedness of Flickr images. Firstly, information theory based functions are used to measure the semantic relatedness of tags. Secondly, the integration of tags pair based on bipartite graph is proposed to remove the noise and redundancy. The data sets including 1000 images from Flickr are used to evaluate the proposed method. Two data mining tasks including clustering and searching are performed by the proposed method, which shows the effectiveness and robust of the proposed method.
Improving the Compression Efficiency for News Web Service Using Semantic Relations Among Webpages
Authors: Wei Xiao , Luo Xiangfeng , Li Qing
Published: February 2014

Both compression and decompression play important roles in a web service system. High compression ratio helps to save the storage, while fast decompression contributes to decreasing the response time of service. Specifically focusing on the news web service, this paper proposes a compression mechanism to improve the efficiency of compression and decompression simultaneously by taking advantage of the semantic relations among webpages. Firstly, webpages are clustered into news topics according to the similarity semantic relation among webpages. Webpages belonging to the same topic have much duplicate content, which can improve the compression ratio when using delta-compression. Secondly, associated news topics are detected with the help of multiple-semantics link network of news topics. Associated topics are compressed into the same zip file which may decrease the times of decompression according to the habit of a user’s reading news on the Web. The authors apply the proposed compression mechanism to a practical news search engine and the experimental results show that it has high compression ratio and fast decompression speed as well.
Consumers as “Integrators” of Marketing Communications
Authors: O'Reilly Kelley , Lancendorfer Karen M.
Published: February 2014

This case study explores how Falken Tire Corporation (FTC) leveraged motorsports to build brand credibility, and how consumer-based brand equity developed in virtual fan communities via social media marketing. This brand credibility and equity ultimately helped the company to establish powerful marketing relationships, and connect with distinctly different consumer groups. Findings suggest that consumers may be adept integrators of marketing communication channels and across media. Companies with strong virtual communities may benefit from the case study suggestions that are provided and discussed based on the theoretical perspective of customer-based brand equity. Marketing scholars and practitioners alike may find this case study of interest due to the growing desire by companies to develop strong bonds with consumers and their interest in effectively using social media as a marketing tool.
Social Media Marketing in the Scandinavian Industrial Markets
Authors: Salo Jari , Lehtimäki Tuula , Simula Henri , Mäntymäki Matti
Published: February 2014

Limited attention is paid in the academic literature to how business markets and marketers have harnessed social media. The purpose of this study is to depict how companies in business markets have been using social media and what kinds of future strategic actions they have planned for it. The research is based on a literature review, six case studies and eight interviews with industry experts. The research shows that managers are hesitant to adopt and use social media mainly due to the challenges of creating compelling content and because open interaction within social media is perceived as a threat, although companies have run trial campaigns with limited success. For academics, this study illustrates areas for further research and theory development.
Online Engagement and Impact
Authors: Papagiannidis Savvas , Stamati Teta , Behr Hartmut
Published: February 2014

In this paper the authors studied how Greek politicians use their Internet presence and in particular social media to engage citizens, examining the perceived significance of establishing an online presence and the motivating and hindering factors for doing so. The authors also studied how online strategies are implemented and executed in three different periods, namely pre-elections, a crisis period (in the authors’ case the Greek sovereign debt crisis) and a ‘normal’ period. To answer the authors’ research questions the authors adapted a social media conceptual framework to online political presence. Data was collected via in-depth interviews with candidates of 5 different political parties taking part in the general elections of 2012. The authors’ analysis suggests that although politicians are increasingly interested in engaging with citizens via online technologies, their efforts are not always focused on achieving measurable and tangible results. Politicians' online strategies need to be organised around the concepts of communication, engagement and influence and not around the electronic spaces where these take place, i.e. the objectives and the means need to be clearly distinguished and utilised. The authors discuss the implications of their findings from a theoretical and practical perspective, in the context of online political marketing and political participation and engagement.
Optimization Models and Methods Developed at the Energy Systems Institute
Authors: Voropai N.I. , Zorkaltsev V.I.
Published: February 2014

The paper presents shortly some optimization models of energy system operation and expansion that have been created at the Energy Systems Institute of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Consideration is given to the optimization models of energy development in Russia, a software package intended for analysis of power system reliability, and model of flow distribution in hydraulic systems. A general idea of the optimization methods developed at the Energy Systems Institute is given including the reduced gradient method, interior point algorithms, method of modified Lagrange function, and cutting-plane algorithms.
Integral Models of Developing Electric Power Systems
Authors: Markova E. V. , Sidler I. V. , Trufanov V. V.
Published: February 2014

The first part of the paper is devoted to the problem of optimal control in the area of electric power industry which is described on the basis of a one-sector variant of Glushkov integral model of developing systems. The authors consider the ways uncertain conditions of future electric power system development influence the optimal service life. The results of calculations for the Unified Electric Power System of Russia are presented and analyzed. The second part of the paper deals with the application of Prony method to identification of the Volterra equations in the two-sector models of developing systems. The authors suggest a numerical method for identifying the efficiency function parameters. An illustrative example is given.
Optimal Expansion and Reconstruction of Heat Supply Systems
Authors: Stennikov V. A. , Oshchepkova T. B. , Stennikov N. V.
Published: February 2014

The paper addresses the issue of optimal expansion and reconstruction of heat supply systems, which includes a set of general and relatively specific problems. Therefore, a comprehensive approach to their solving is required to obtain a technically admissible and economically sound result. Solving the problem suggests search for effective directions in expansion of a system in terms of optimal allocation of new heat sources, their type, output, operating area; construction of new heat networks, their schemes and parameters; optimal detection of “bottlenecks” in the system and ways of their elimination (expansion, dismantling, replacement, strengthening of heat pipeline sections, construction of pumping stations and other components of heat supply networks). The authors present a mathematical statement of the problem, its decomposition into separate subproblems and an integrated technique to solve it. Consideration is given to a real problem solved for a real heat supply system. A set of arising problems is presented. The application of developed methodological and computational tools is shown.
Hybrid System based on Rough Sets and Genetic Algorithms for Medical Data Classifications
Authors: Elshazly Hanaa Ismail , Azar Ahmad Taher , Hassanien Aboul Ella , Elkorany Abeer Mohamed
Published: February 2014

Computational intelligence provides the biomedical domain by a significant support. The application of machine learning techniques in medical applications have been evolved from the physician needs. Screening, medical images, pattern classification, prognosis are some examples of health care support systems. Typically medical data has its own characteristics such as huge size and features, continuous and real attributes that refer to patients' investigations. Therefore, discretization and feature selection process are considered a key issue in improving the extracted knowledge from patients' investigations records. In this paper, a hybrid system that integrates Rough Set (RS) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) is presented for the efficient classification of medical data sets of different sizes and dimensionalities. Genetic Algorithm is applied with the aim of reducing the dimension of medical datasets and RS decision rules were used for efficient classification. Furthermore, the proposed system applies the Entropy Gain Information (EI) for discretization process. Four biomedical data sets are tested by the proposed system (EI-GA-RS), and the highest score was obtained through three different datasets. Other different hybrid techniques shared the proposed technique the highest accuracy but the proposed system preserves its place as one of the highest results systems four three different sets. EI as discretization technique also is a common part for the best results in the mentioned datasets while RS as an evaluator realized the best results in three different data sets.
Approaches for Semantic Web Service
Authors: Slimani Thabet
Published: February 2014

The main objective of the exploitation of semantic descriptions of services through Semantics is a better support for the life-cycle of Web services. The large number of developed ontologies, languages of representations, and integrated frameworks supporting the discovery, composition and invocation of services are a good indicator that research in the field of semantic web service (SWS) has been considerably active. The authors provide in this paper a detailed overview of the approaches and solutions, indicating their core characteristics and objectives required and provide indicators for the interested reader to follow up further insights and details about these solutions and related software.
Sharing Video Emotional Information in the Web
Authors: Oliveira Eva , Chambel Teresa , Ribeiro Nuno Magalhães
Published: February 2014

Video growth over the Internet changed the way users search, browse and view video content. Watching movies over the Internet is increasing and becoming a pastime. The possibility of streaming Internet content to TV, advances in video compression techniques and video streaming have turned this recent modality of watching movies easy and doable. Web portals as a worldwide mean of multimedia data access need to have their contents properly classified in order to meet users’ needs and expectations. The authors propose a set of semantic descriptors based on both user physiological signals, captured while watching videos, and on video low-level features extraction. These XML based descriptors contribute to the creation of automatic affective meta-information that will not only enhance a web-based video recommendation system based in emotional information, but also enhance search and retrieval of videos affective content from both users’ personal classifications and content classifications in the context of a web portal.
The Brazilian Transparency Portal
Authors: Viana Giovanni Bogéa , Felgar de Toledo Maria Beatriz
Published: February 2014

One of the e-government goals is to enable public access of official information to all citizens. The diversity of the audiences may imply that the way the exposed information is understood may not be homogeneous. An evaluation of the Brazilian Transparency Portal, conducted as part of this research, has corroborated the previous assertion. This evaluation showed that the official classification may limit understanding depending on the public, because it may be unclear or not widespread. Although non-governmental agencies were satisfied with the way information was classified, regular users had several problems for finding information in the Portal. In addition, different users identified distinct classifications for the same data item. Based on these results, a framework was developed to improve the usability of the Portal. A new form of user interface adaptability called “adaptability by classification” was proposed within this framework. The novel aspect of the framework is to allow data presentation in different ways according to the classifications expected by groups of individuals with the main goal of increasing digital inclusion.
Towards Ontology Driven Semantic Conflicts Detection in Web services at Message Level
Authors: Al-Baltah Ibrahim Ahmed , Ghani Abdul Azim Abdul
Published: February 2014

One of the biggest problems for establishing semantic interoperability is semantic conflicts, which prevent seamless message exchange between heterogeneous Web services. Consequently, numerous work has been done to establish semantic interoperability by solving semantic conflicts. However, the current work has not reached its maturity level to solve this problem effectively. Therefore, this paper proposes a new ontology driven approach to detect semantic conflicts between heterogeneous Web services at message level. This new approach will advance the process of establishing semantic interoperability in order to allow heterogeneous Web services to exchange their messages seamlessly. The main purpose of our approach is to detect the potential conflicts that occur during message exchange process.