bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penerapan Model Project Based Leraning Melalui Lesson Study dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik
Authors: Syahidi Khaerus , Triandini Widya , Mardi Eko Septi , Fartina Fartina
Published: February 2024

This research was conducted because there was still a low level of critical thinking skills of students in learning Physics. The purpose of this study was to see the improvement of students' critical thinking skills through the application of project-based learning model. The subject of the research is class XI MIPA 2 at SMAN 3 Selong which consists of 18 students. The instruments in this study consisted of observation sheets, student worksheets, and critical thinking skills test sheets. From the results of the study it was found that the critical thinking skills of students showed an increase in each cycle with the application of the Project Based Learning model. Thus it was concluded that this Classroom Action Research was categorized as reaching the target in the second cycle.
STUDY OF VOLTAGE AND ELECTRIC CURRENT GENERATED FROM CU-ZN ELECTRODES IN A MEDIUM OF SAWDUST AND COAL STOCKPILE WASTEWATER.
Authors: Setiawan Andi Arif , Rahman Dui Yanto , Sulistyowati Rita , Midia Kiki Risky , Rusly Muhammad
Published: February 2024

Industrialization has positive effects on the economy, but on the other hand, it also adversely impacts the environment and energy needs. This phenomenon needs to be solved in an integrated way, including using wastewater from coal stocks and sawdust as electrolyte media to generate electrical energy. This study aims to analyze the voltage and electric current generated by electrode pairs consisting of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) immersed in different sawdust media denoted as M1 (2 grams), M2 (4 grams), M3 (6 grams), and M4 (8 grams), dissolved in 100 milliliters of coal stockpile wastewater. Additionally, the study explores the effects of varying the distance between the Cu-Zn electrodes at 1, 2, and 3 cm. The results showed that the highest voltage generated from the combination of coal stockpile wastewater and sawdust was highest in M3 (6 grams of sawdust + 100 ml of coal stockpile wastewater at a distance of 1 cm at 0.736 volts. The highest electrical current generated by the Cu-Zn electrode in the M3 media combination was 0.221 mA. It is due to coal stockpile wastewater in M3 sawdust powder, which contains ions that enhance electron conduction compared to M4.
Independent Curriculum Analysis from Constructivism and Ki Hajar Dewantara Philosophy Perspective
Authors: Walad Muzakkir , Suastra Wayan , Nasri Ulyan , Manap Abdul
Published: February 2024

This research discusses the central role of education in reform in Indonesia through the Independent Curriculum, with a constructivist philosophical approach and Ki Hajar Dewantara's perspective. This literature research aims to explain the Independent Curriculum from the perspective of constructivism and the philosophy of Ki Hajar Dewantara. This research aims to understand the extent to which the Merdeka Curriculum implements a constructivist approach and to determine the implementation of character education values and the formation of national identity in the Merdeka Curriculum by the views of Ki Hajar Dewantara. The results of this research show that the Merdeka Curriculum perspective from constructivism and Ki Hajar Dewantara's philosophy shows the importance of active student participation, social interaction, learning contextuality, character values, national identity, local wisdom, freedom and student independence. Holistic evaluation is needed to ensure implementation that is consistent with the philosophical vision, thereby creating individuals with character, national identity and independence.
History of Anemia in Pregnancy with Stunting Incidents in Toddlers at Nipah Community Health Center, Malaka, North Lombok Regency
Authors: Cholidah Rifana , Danianto Ario , Ayunda Rahmah Dara , Rahmadhona Devi
Published: February 2024

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem whose incidence is quite high in Indonesia. Efforts to prevent and reduce stunting rates must involve all parties comprehensively. The process of stunting starts from pre-conception when a teenager becomes a mother who is malnourished and anemic. In Indonesia, 37.1% of women of childbearing age suffer from anemia. Several studies report that there is a relationship between anemia in pregnancy and the incidence of stunting in toddlers, however similar research is still rarely carried out in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB). This study aims to determine the relationship between a history of anemia in pregnant women and the incidence of stunting in toddlers at the Nipah Community Health Center, Malaka, North Lombok Regency (KLU). This research is an observational analytical survey research with a case control design. There were 69 samples in the case group (stunted toddlers) and 69 samples in the control group (normal toddlers). The results showed that there were 101 mothers (73.2%) with normal Hb levels, 24 mothers (17.4%) with mild anemia and 13 mothers (9.4%) with moderate anemia. Overall, 37 mothers (26.8%) suffered from anemia. The conclusion of this study is that there is no significant relationship between a history of anemia in pregnancy and the incidence of stunting in toddlers with a p value of 0.842. Obtaining an odds ratio value of 1 means that mothers who experience anemia during pregnancy have no risk of having stunted children. Anemia during pregnancy, parental income, education level and mother's employment simultaneously influence the stunting variable by 14.9%.
Mentawai Natural Environment Ornament Transformation on Batik Art Tatoo Motivation Based on Local Wisdom: Ecotourism
Authors: Efi Agusti , Budiwirman  , Yusmerita  , Novrita Sri Zulfia , Aryati Yulia , Mutia Gabila Heira
Published: February 2024

The people of the Siberut Mentawai islands still maintain various arts and practice the culture and customs of their ancestors. They have natural environment ornaments including tattoos and Jaraik, which is a symbol of the greatness of the Sikerei (Shaman) house in the Mentawai tribe.  Along with the progress and development of the Mentawai area, traditional culture began to shift, therefore it is necessary to carry out conservation and development efforts. So, the purpose of this research is the efforts to preserve and produce creative art products based on local wisdom by transforming tattoos, jaraik, and other Mentawai natural environments in batik art and uniting various elements of visual cultural arts as supporting elements. The method used is research and development adopting the 4 D steps with four stages of development design, development, and deployment. In addition, the study also conducted studies of art and aesthetics, design and fashion as well as analysis of market tastes. So, the outputs of this research are; prototypes of batik art innovation products based on local Mentawai culture that are market-worthy; and scientific articles in reputable international journals. Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and product feasibility tests were carried out by experts and product exhibitions which were used as Mentawai branding.
Effectiveness of Health Promotion Models with Comic Media, Videos, and Lectures on Helminthiasis to Medical Faculty Students at Universitas Prima Indonesia
Authors: Nasution Ali Napiah , Christiana Lia , Hutabarat Intan Audrey Alicia , Lumbantobing Christina J. R. Esmaralda
Published: February 2024

The research aims to assess the knowledge about worm infections among students at the Faculty of Medicine, Prima Indonesia University, through health promotion media. The methodology involves the Sample T test Pretest and Posttest method, with a sample size of 154, determined based on prior research outcomes. The data analysis utilizes SPSS 25. The findings of the study indicate that the mean knowledge score prior to educational intervention via media was 36.3506, with a standard deviation of 3.32653. After the intervention, the mean knowledge score rose to 50.4416, accompanied by a standard deviation of 3.63891. This indicates an improvement in student knowledge scores before and after the health education intervention, utilizing video lectures and comics as media. The pretest and posttest outcomes exhibit an increase from 77.50% to 119.35% after the media intervention.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MISSOURI MATHEMATICS PROJECT (MMP) LEARNING MODEL ON STUDENT COGNITIVE LEARNING OUTCOMES
Authors: Salsabila Sifa , Saeful Anwar Agus , Fitriyani Yani
Published: February 2024

This research was motivated by students' low mathematics learning outcomes as evidenced by the average learning outcome score being 4.1 out of a KKM score of 7.0. After observing, one of the problems faced is the lack of student involvement in the learning process. The solution to overcome this problem is the use of a learning model. This research aims to determine how implementing the Missouri Mathematics Project (MMP) learning model affects fourth-grade students' cognitive learning outcomes in fraction material. The method used in this research is a quantitative Pre-Experimental approach, a group post-test design. The subjects in this research were 27 fourth-grade students at Second Sidaraja State Elementary School. At the pretest stage, students' cognitive learning outcomes obtained an average score of 40.18; at the post-test stage, the average value obtained was 83.70. These results obtained a gain value of 0.74 with an increase of 43.52, which is included in the high category. Based on the results of the research and analysis that has been carried out, the Missouri Mathematics Project (MMP) learning model can improve students' cognitive learning outcomes. Implementing this learning model is hoped to help students hone their understanding and abilities to use various practice questions.
BASIC CURRICULUM ON CONFLICT RESOLUTION
Authors: Kurniawan Bekti Galih , Samidi R. , Purbasari Verbena Ayuningsih , Marsudi Kenlies Era Rosalina
Published: February 2024

Material for handling social conflict and preventing it needs to be provided at every level of education, including elementary schools. The hope is that through this material, the teacher's role in teaching can teach learning methods for handling conflicts within the school. This research discusses children's role in handling conflicts around them. The curriculum focuses on conflict resolution with social learning and learning objectives in implementing learning. Social issues strengthen the curriculum's conceptual framework and are used to accept students from diverse backgrounds. Apart from that, social problems are also used to understand the sources of conflict management. The method used in this research is a literature study. The discussion results in this research indicate that students were given material regarding learning from life experience, group learning methods, and material about social and political conflict. Apart from that, students are also actively involved in social education activities. Through this process, it is hoped that students can develop the ability to overcome global political issues, as well as strengthen their ability to handle conflict and improve their academic competence.
Ethics and strategy in vaccination: A review of public health policies and practices
Authors: Jane Osareme Ogugua  , Evangel Chinyere Anyanwu  , Tolulope Olorunsogo  , Chinedu Paschal Maduka  , Oluwatoyin Ayo-Farai
Published: February 2024

The paper provides a succinct overview of the comprehensive review on Ethics and Strategy in Vaccination, exploring the intricate interplay between public health policies and practices. The review delves into the ethical considerations that underpin vaccination strategies, emphasizing the critical need for a balance between individual autonomy and the collective responsibility for public health. Examining a spectrum of vaccination policies, the review navigates through the complexities of decision-making, addressing issues such as vaccine mandates, informed consent, and the equitable distribution of vaccines. Within the framework of public health ethics, the review analyzes the ethical principles guiding vaccination strategies, including autonomy, beneficence, and justice. It explores how these principles are applied in formulating policies that aim to achieve widespread immunization while respecting individual rights. Additionally, the review delves into the global context, discussing the ethical implications of vaccine distribution on an international scale, especially in addressing disparities between developed and developing nations. Strategic considerations in vaccination, including communication strategies, public awareness campaigns, and community engagement, are integral aspects of the review. It assesses the ethical dimensions of communication strategies, ensuring transparency, trust-building, and the dissemination of accurate information to foster informed decision-making. The review underscores the inseparable connection between ethics and strategy in vaccination. It provides insights into the ethical dilemmas faced by policymakers, the principles guiding their decisions, and the strategic approaches employed to navigate the complex landscape of public health. This comprehensive analysis contributes to a nuanced understanding of the ethical foundations that underscore vaccination policies and practices, offering valuable insights for future policymaking and public health endeavors.
A review of innovative HR strategies in enhancing workforce efficiency in the US
Authors: Latifat Omolara Ayanponle  , Kehinde Feranmi Awonuga  , Onyeka Franca Asuzu  , Rosita Ebere Daraojimba  , Oluwafunmi Adijat Elufioye  , Obinna Donald Daraojimba
Published: February 2024

The future of Human Resources (HR) strategies unfolds against a backdrop of technological innovation, changing workforce dynamics, and evolving organizational priorities. This paper explores critical trends shaping the future of HR, including advanced technology integration, a heightened focus on employee experience, the rise of hybrid work models, an emphasis on skills development, and the evolution of leadership. As organizations prepare for the future of work, the synthesis of technology with a human-centric approach emerges as pivotal. Successful HR strategies will navigate challenges, prioritize employee well-being, foster continuous learning, and align organizational values with the aspirations of a purpose-driven workforce.
EN 1090 Guia para a Implementação
Authors:   Associação Portuguesa de Construção Metálica e Mista, Gonçalves Pedro , Gonçalves Sérgio ,   Associação Portuguesa de Construção Metálica e Mista
Published: February 2024

A qualidade de execução de uma estrutura metálica ou mistas depende do cumprimento de um conjunto de requisitos técnicos que abrangem todas as fases do processo. No contexto de produtos essenciais para a segurança, como os componentes estruturais, apenas os fabricantes que disponham de um sistema de Controlo da Produção em Fábrica (CPF) que tenha sido certificado por um Organismo Notificado (ON) devidamente aprovado, estão autorizados a fixar a Marcação CE. Este procedimento, envolve uma avaliação minuciosa por parte ON para atestar a capacidade do CPF do fabricante para produzir produtos em conformidade com a norma harmonizada pertinente (EN 1090-1 e partes relevantes), resultando na emissão de um certificado de CPF.
Algorithms for searching phraseological units in a linguistic corpus with morphological markup (Indo-European languages)
Authors: Gorozhanov Alexey Ivanovich
Published: February 2024

The aim of the applied research is to build algorithms for searching phraseological units that are compatible with our previously developed model of a linguistic corpus with morphological markup according to spaCy rules. The scientific novelty is due to the fact that for the first time, within the framework of the corpus approach, a set of universal ways to search for phraseological units is proposed with a minimum amount of manual labor and using elements of end-to-end digital technologies. During the study, the technical parameters of phraseological units to be searched were described; the capabilities of the author’s corpus manager within the framework of manual and special manual queries were examined; two algorithms for a two-stage search for individual phraseological units and their groups were developed and tested on the basis of a representative corpus of texts from German-language media; detailed examples of search results were provided. As a result, the consistency of the developed algorithms has been proved and it has been experimentally established that the search error lies in the acceptable range of 0-14.8%.
Structural and pragmatic features of the film poster (based on the material of the French film discourse)
Authors: Anisimov Vladislav Evgen’evich
Published: February 2024

The aim of the study is to analyze the structural, functional and semiotic components of the film poster, which influence the potential viewer and contribute to the successful adoption of the film in the French-speaking socio-cultural space. The article analyzes the film poster as a functional and pragmatic element of the film text directly affecting the recipient (a representative of the film target audience) and their choice of a specific film production for viewing. The semiotic and structural components of the poster, as well as its main tasks, functions and characteristics are highlighted and considered. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the first time, the key characteristics of the film poster and its pragmatic potential have been identified and analyzed using the material of the French cinema discourse. As a result of the study, it was found that the interaction between the graphic and iconic components of the semiotic space of the film poster has a complex effect on a potential viewer (a representative of the film target audience) and helps to attract as many viewers as possible to watching the film. At the same time, the film poster is an independent functional and pragmatic element of the film text functioning at the preview stage and participating in the advertising of the film, as well as having its own characteristics, performing certain functions and implementing certain tasks.
Application of phase-code shift keyed probing signals with zero autocorrelation zone to improve the quality of measurements in SAR
Authors:   National Research University MPEI 111250, Russia, Moscow, Krasnokazarmennaya str., 14, Ipanov R.N. , Komarov A.A. ,   National Research University MPEI 111250, Russia, Moscow, Krasnokazarmennaya str., 14
Published: February 2024

For SARs, a polyphase (p-phase, where p is a prime number) probing signal with a zero autocorrelation zone has been synthesized, which is a train of p phase-code shift keyed (PCSK) pulses coded by complementary sequences of a p-ary D-code with additional phase-code shift-keying of the sub-pulses (discretes) of pulses by an M-sequences. To assess the quality of radar images of point targets and extended surfaces, the levels of the maximum side lobe and one-way integrated correlation noise of the autocorrelation function (ACF) are used, respectively. For this purpose, the work carried out a comparative analysis of the total ACFs of the synthesized ensemble of signals with ensembles of orthogonal chirp and PCSK-signals used in adjacent SAR sounding cycles. The work also considers the problem of superimposition of SAR echo signals from different ranges at a relatively high repetition rate of probing pulses. To assess the level of suppression of recurrent interference from point targets and from extended surfaces, the levels of the maximum side lobe and one-sided integral correlation noise of the cross-correlation function (CCF) are used, respectively. For this purpose, the work carried out a comparative analysis of the total CCFs of the synthesized ensemble of signals with ensembles of orthogonal chirp and PCSK- signals used in the SAR aperture synthesis modes. The use of orthogonal chirp and PCSK-signals makes it possible to successfully suppress false signals from bright point targets from adjacent repetition periods. However, the high level of integral correlation noise of the CCF of orthogonal signals distorts radar images of weakly reflecting surfaces located next to bright extended objects. The indicators of the total correlation characteristics of the synthesized ensemble of signals exceed the corresponding indicators of the total correlation characteristics of the ensemble of orthogonal PCSK-and chirp signals, both without mismatch and with Doppler frequency mismatch. This makes it possible to successfully use an PCSK-signal with a zero autocorrelation zone to improve the quality of radar images and suppress recurrent range interference in SAR.
Using an Online Teaching Platform to Improve Corrective Feedback Practices in EFL Writing Lessons
Authors: Oğuz Enis G.
Published: February 2024

Distance education has become a prominent part of the education system around the globe in recent years. The limitations and problems encountered during online lessons have made teachers and administrators overlook the many benefits that distance education can offer. In an attempt to dispel this misconception, this study shows that not only can online lessons match the efficiency of traditional face-to-face lessons, but they can actually become more efficient in teaching writing to EFL students. Sixteen undergraduate students from a state university received online EFL writing lessons for two months using Google Classroom. A questionnaire was created to investigate the benefits of using this online platform in such lessons. The results were interpreted by calculating the average means for each questionnaire section and examining participant answers to open-ended questions. Overall, the participants declared that the use of Google Classroom improved both the quality and quantity of feedback, interaction, and group work in online lessons, resulting in better learning outcomes.
Keterkaitan Penokohan dan Tahapan Plot Novel Baduy Terkadang Cinta Berjalan Mengejutkan Karya Rani Ramdayani
Authors: Uwen Suherti , Arifin E. Zaenal , Masrin Masrin
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini memiliki beberapa tujuan yang diaharapkan dapat dicapai di antaranya sebagai berikut 1) Mendeskripsikan  dan  menjelaskan  penokohan  dalam  novel  Baduy Terkadang Cinta Berjalan Mengejutkan karya Rani Ramdayani. 2) Mendiskripsikan  dan  menjelaskan  alur  dalam  novel  Baduy Terkadang Cinta Berjalan Mengejutkan karya Rani Ramdayani. Berdasarkan hasil analisis terdapat simpulan sebagai sebagai berikut: 1) Terdapat diskripsi dan  penjelasan  penokohan  dalam  novel  Baduy Terkadang Cinta Berjalan Mengejutkan karya Rani Ramdayani. Dilihat dari segi peranan dan tingkat pentingnya tokoh dalam sebuah cerita disebut dengan tokoh utama Darel dan tokoh tambahan yaitu Nang, Halimun, Alana, Hasna, Alisa, Reka, Bu Imelda, Zia, Diki, Dimas, Ambu Ombah, Abah Lingga, Redian Hima, Prima, Pakula, Martin. Dilihat dari fungsi penampilan tokoh dinamakan tokoh protagonis dan tokoh antagonis Darel, Nang, Halimun, Alisa, Alana, Hasna, Redian Hima, Prima, Zia, Diki dan Dimas. Tokoh antagonis di antaranya adalah Pakula dan Martin. Dilihat dari berkembang atau tidaknya perwatakan tokoh cerita disebut dengan tokoh statis dan tokoh berkembang. Tokoh statis di antaranya adalah Abah Dudin, Pak Anwar, Mama, Papa, Bibam, Carinah, Paraji, Bidan, Anne, Pemuda, Sang Kekasih, Pak Zulfi, Gumelar dan Si Pengrajin. Tokoh berkembang diantaranya adalah Darel, Nang, Halimun, Pakula, Bu Imelda, Ambu Ombah, Abah Lingga, Zia, Alana dan Alisa. Dilihat dari kemungkinan pencerminan tokoh cerita dinamakan dengan tokoh tipikal di antaranya adalah Carinah, paraji, bidan, si pengrajin dan pemuda. Tokoh netral di antarnya adalah Darel, Alana, Hasna, Nang, Halimun, Pakula, Zia, Reka, Bu Imelda, Jaro, Abah Lingga dan Alisa.

Kata kunci : Analisis, Penokohan, Alur, Novel, Baduy
Analisis Kesalahan Sintaksis dan Morfologi Dalam Teks Berita Segmen News Pada Media Daring Detik.Com
Authors: Handayani Sri , Sugono Dendy , Suendarti Mamik
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menganalisis penyebab kesalahan sintaksis dan morfologi yang terdapat dalam teks berita segmen news pada media daring detik.com dan untuk melakukan perbaikan terhadap kesalahan-kesalahan tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif, yaitu mendeskripsikan kesalahan-kesalahan berbahasa pada tataran sintaksis dan morfologi yang ditemukan dalam teks berita segmen news detik.com. Data yang dikaji berupa kalimat-kalimat yang mengandung kesalahan, baik pada tataran sintaksis ataupun morfologi dalam teks. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik sitat atau observasi-catat, yaitu mengobservasi teks-teks berita segmen news kemudian mencatat kutipan-kutipan teks yang mengandung kesalahan. Data-data tersebut dikelompokkan berdasarkan kategori penyebab kesalahan sintaksis dan morfologi untuk dianalisis. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa penyebab kesalahan sintaksis dalam teks berita segmen news pada media daring detik.com. meliputi 9 kesalahan dimana kategori kesalahan yang banyak ditemukan adalah kalimat tidak efektif (40%) dari total 77 kesalahan. Sementara itu penyebab kesalahan morfologi meliputi 12 kategori kesalahan dengan penghilangan konjungsi ‘bahwa’ yang banyak ditemukan (29,03%) dari total 44 kesalahan.
La contratación temporal en el sector público
Authors: Asquerino Lamparero María José
Published: February 2024

El Real Decreto Ley 32/2021 persigue la consecución de un claro objetivo: reducir el empleo de las modalidades contractuales laborales, pues se es consciente de que la lucha contra la precariedad pasa inexorablemente por acabar con el trabajo precario y, por supuesto, fomentar la formación del individuo.

Esta reforma ha impactado también en el sector público, ámbito este que afronta un serio problema de temporalidad. A través de estas líneas, tratamos de dibujar el panorama contractual laboral temporal que nos ha traído la reforma y otras que impactan específicamente en el sector público.
Las modificaciones introducidas por el Real Decreto-Ley 5/2023, de 28 de junio, en cumplimiento de la Directiva (UE) 2019/1158, de 20 de junio: otro importante paso adelante hacia la conciliación corresponsable
Authors: Solà i Monells Xavier
Published: February 2024

El Real Decreto-Ley 5/2023, de 28 de junio, ha introducido cambios importantes en diversos mecanismos de conciliación del derecho interno español para completar la transposición de la Directiva (UE) 2019/1158, de 20 de junio. El presente estudio analiza con detalle las modificaciones realizadas para determinar su alcance, identificar los problemas aplicativos que pueden generar y valorar el resultado final desde una perspectiva crítica.
Characterizing students’ beliefs about mathematics as a discipline
Authors: Østergaard Maria Kirstine
Published: February 2024

To fully possess mathematical competence and to understand its relevance, importance and aesthetics, it is essential to be aware of aspects of mathematics not only as a school subject but also as a scientific discipline. In a systematic literature review, the theoretical characterization of compulsory school students’ beliefs about mathematics as a discipline is investigated, as well as the empirical tendencies in the nature of their actual beliefs. Furthermore, the valuation of these beliefs is addressed. The 18 included studies demonstrate a clear pattern in applying a dualistic/relativistic spectrum when characterizing and analysing students’ beliefs about mathematics as a discipline, with students generally possessing dualistic beliefs, which is in contrast to what is favourable to their learning.
How to deal with and utilize (mathematics (education)) researchers’ beliefs
Authors: Stoffels Gero
Published: February 2024

This paper addresses the desideratum identified by Törner (2018), that researchers' beliefs are rarely addressed in the research literature dealing with beliefs. For this purpose, firstly a suitable theoretical framework is outlined that links the concept of belief with the research perspectives of researchers. Secondly, examples are given of how beliefs were, can and should be addressed in corresponding research on beliefs. Finally, it is shown in which ways explicating beliefs of mathematics education researchers might made their research, as well as their teaching more effective.
Relationship between affective-motivational constructs and heart rate
Authors: Pielsticker Felicitas , Reifenrath Magnus
Published: February 2024

The following survey study uses a quantitative research design to investigate motivational and affective aspects of students (aged 14–17) in a mathematical workshop on graph theory. Motivational and affective aspects are related to heart rate measurement (using the digital medium of a pulse watch) in mathematical knowledge development processes in an empirical-oriented mathematics class. Interestingly, a link between constructs on motivational and affective aspects and a heart rate measurement is describable. This gives further impulses for investigation and could be used in the future to determine the teaching phases or tasks in which students are particularly motivated.
Personalization, Engagement, and Content Quality on Social Media: An Evaluation of Reddit's News Feed
Authors: Moehring Alex
Published: February 2024

Digital platforms increasingly curate their content through personalized algorithmic feeds. Platforms have an incentive to promote content that increases the predicted engagement of each user to lift advertising revenues. This paper studies how ranking content to maximize engagement affects the credibility of news content with which users engage. In addition, I evaluate how the ranking algorithm itself can be designed to promote engagement with high-credibility content. Using data from the Reddit politics community, I exploit a novel discontinuity in the ranking algorithm to identify the causal effect of a post's rank on the number of comments it receives. I use this discontinuity to identify a model of user comment decisions and estimate the credibility of news content that users engage with under a personalized engagement-maximizing algorithm. The personalized engagement-maximizing algorithm exacerbates differences in the credibility of news content with which users engage. I then evaluate a credibility-aware algorithm that explicitly promotes credible news publishers and find the platform can substantially increase the share of engagement with high-credibility publishers for a small reduction in total engagement. These findings suggest algorithmic interventions can be a useful tool for managers to balance engagement quantity and content quality.
Toward producing sustainable energy from evergreen trees
Authors: Moustafa Khaled
Published: February 2024

Evergreen plants are nature's unceasing power engines, continuously performing photosynthesis and other vital processes that result in a steady stream of electrons. If the electric charges generated by these processes can be captured using highly sensitive sensors, it would be possible, at least in theory, to generate renewable electricity from green trees. To realize this potential, developing advanced electronic sensors capable of detecting the electric charges and movements of electrons within green stems and leaves is required. The collected charges can be converted into usable, renewable electricity and stored in batteries to power low-wattage devices such as lamps, street lights, and small electronics. If this approach is successfully implemented, it could meet some basic electricity needs in small cities and remote rural areas where conventional power sources are often unavailable. In forests and densely populated plant areas where thousands of trees thrive, the total amount of electricity that could be generated from these trees might be enough to satisfy minimal energy requirements of surrounding communities.
Demographics That Benefit the most from a Growth Mindset of Intelligence Intervention
Authors: Betanzos Gabriela Noelle , Barrett Katherine , Fox Cosette
Published: February 2024

Implicit theories pertain to one's beliefs about personal traits. According to the implicit theories of intelligence, a fixed mindset perceives intelligence as stagnant, whereas a growth mindset perceives intelligence as malleable and subject to growth. Interventions aimed at promoting a growth mindset have been successful in multiple realms among students of all ages, backgrounds, and demographics of interest. We investigated the effect of a growth mindset of intelligence intervention on implicit theories of intelligence, verbal language skills, perceived academic stress, grit, and term grade point average. We also measured various demographics to assess which ones benefit the most from such a treatment. The growth mindset intervention spanned over seven 30-minute sessions that took place in person over the span of four weeks. The control group received equivalent training on the various theories of intelligence. The data showed that the intervention was successful and was associated with an increase in implicit theories of intelligence specifically in the experimental group with a large effect size (d = 1.80, 95% CI [1.16, 2.42], (F(1,53) = 42.8, p = .0001). Certain demographic groups, such as athletes, first-generation students, traditional non-transfer intent students, non-Hispanics, students who play a musical instrument, and students with mental illness benefited the most from the intervention. Furthermore, the intervention increased perceived academic stress in students with mental illness, decreased academic stress in first-generation students, and increased grit in athletes. Understanding which student population is more receptive to such interventions is crucial to future efforts in tailoring growth mindset interventions on college campuses.
Coastal Adaptation Costs at Different Global Warming Thresholds
Authors: Wong Tony , Dake Selorm , Feke Kelly , Darnell Chloe , Srikrishnan Vivek
Published: February 2024

Climate change exacerbates natural hazards and their drivers, including global warming, sea-level rise, and increased coastal flooding. These hazards necessitate strategies to manage coastal flood risk through mitigation of future warming and adaptation to projected sea-level change. Coastal adaptation models provide a framework to link future greenhouse gas emissions and socioeconomic change to impacts. A key question is how future levels of global warming relate to projected coastal adaptation needs and economic impacts. Here, we use an integrated modeling framework to generate estimates of future coastal adaptation costs at multiple global warming thresholds. We find substantial increases in high-end (95th percentile) coastal damages as warming crosses the 1.5 °C threshold (from 1.5T to 2.7T US\$), and in low-end (5th percentile) damages as warming exceeds 2.5 °C (from 1.3T to 1.9T US\$). Also beyond 2.5 °C, the Global South faces higher than global average damages as a percentage of regional GDP (>3.3%), compared to the Global North. Given that the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s Sixth Assessment Report’s best estimate for end-of-century warming is above 2.5 °C in SSP2-4.5, these results highlight that even in a moderate emissions future, strict limits on future greenhouse gas emissions are critical to avoid sizable and inequitable increases in coastal damages, even in optimistic future scenarios.
The evolution of (intergroup) peace hinges on how we define groups and peace
Authors: Pisor Anne , Smith Kristopher M
Published: February 2024

Glowacki defines peace as harmonious relationships between groups maintained without the threat of violence, where groups can be anything from families to nation states. However, defining such contentious concepts like “peace” and “groups” is a difficult task, and we discuss the implications of Glowacki’s definitions for understanding intergroup relationships and their evolutionary history.
Modeling the interaction between instabilities and functional degradation in shape memory alloys
Authors: Rezaee Hajidehi Mohsen , Ryś Maciej
Published: February 2024

Localization of the stress-induced martensitic phase transformation plays an important role in the fatigue behavior of shape memory alloys (SMAs). The phenomenon of return-point memory that is observed during the subloop deformation of a partially-transformed SMA is a clear manifestation of the interaction between localized phase transformation and degradation of the functional properties. The present study aims to demonstrate this structure–material interaction in the modeling of return-point memory. It seems that this crucial aspect has been overlooked in previous modeling studies. For this purpose, we developed a gradient-enhanced model of pseudoelasticity that incorporates the degradation of functional properties in its constitutive description. The model is employed to reproduce the hierarchical return-point memory in a pseudoelastic NiTi wire under isothermal uniaxial tension with nested subloops. Additionally, a detailed analysis is carried out for a NiTi strip with more complex transformation pattern. Our study highlights the subtle morphological changes of phase transformation under different loading scenarios and the resulting implications for return-point memory.
Big brother: the effects of surveillance on fundamental aspects of social vision
Authors: McNicoll Jarrod , Koenig Roger , Seymour Kiley
Published: February 2024

Despite the dramatic rise of surveillance in our societies, only limited research has examined its effects on humans. While most research has focused on voluntary behaviour, no study has examined the effects of surveillance on more fundamental and automatic aspects of human perception and cognition. Here, we provide the first evidence that being watched on CCTV markedly impacts a hardwired and involuntary function of human sensory perception — the ability to rapidly detect a face. Using the method of continuous flash suppression (CFS), we show that when people are surveilled (N=24), they are quicker than controls (N=30) to detect faces. An independent control experiment (N=42) ruled out an explanation based on demand characteristics. These findings show that being watched impacts not only consciously controlled behaviours but also unconscious, involuntary visual processing. Our results have implications concerning the impacts of surveillance on basic human cognition as well as public mental health.
Schema Surgery: AI-generated Peak Positive Emotional Stimuli Deactivate Maladaptive Schema
Authors: Schoeller Felix , Jain Abhinandan , Dumitrescu Andrei , Johnson Micah , Maes Pattie , Reggente Nicco
Published: February 2024

Early maladaptive schemas linked to depression are dysfunctional patterns of belief and behavior, acquired during hyperplastic critical periods of brain development. As a result they are typically highly resistant to change and require considerable therapeutic work. Recent evidence found that peak emotional experience can mitigate maladaptive schemas in depressed adults. This study examined whether AI-generated personalized clones of these peak emotional stimuli could selectively shift negative schemas. We exposed 182 healthy participants to 3 variants of the same peak stimulus: original, cloned, and schema-specific clone targeting negativity. All conditions evoked robust positive emotional shifts, demonstrating the reliability of the method to induce positive affect. Further, only the schema-specific stimulus significantly mitigated the targeted negativity schema and significantly outperformed other stimuli. Qualitative reports revealed its enhanced personal relevance. This suggests that AI-generated peak exposures can selectively modify stable maladaptive cognitions when content aligns with individual concerns. This novel approach holds promise for dismantling entrenched negative thinking patterns in depression.
The development of a theoretically informed online intervention to educate ward staff on physical activity promotion for patients in a secure psychiatric hospital
Authors: Rogers Eva , Anthony Justine , Papthomas Anthony , Breen Kieran , Kinnafick Florence
Published: February 2024

Healthcare assistants (HCAs) are best placed to promote physical activity (PA) to patients in secure hospitals, but many factors restrict such opportunities. Using a Medical Research Council (MRC) commissioned framework, this study aimed to develop an online training module to educate HCAs on physical activity (PA) promotion within a secure hospital. The development process consisted of three key phases. (1) a preparatory phase involved a scoping review, an 18-month period of immersive fieldwork and 15 patient interviews. (2), A development phase involved establishing an intervention development team, selecting an appropriate theory (self-determination theory) and collecting pilot data (3) A pilot testing phase involved exploring intervention acceptability through a brief staff survey. The findings from each phase resulted in the production of an e-learning educational module. The first section of the module incorporated information on: the importance of PA and consequences of prolonged inactivity in inpatient settings, benefits of PA in secure settings and the role of ward staff in PA promotion. The second section, underpinned by the tenets of SDT, outlines the three basic needs, highlighted the importance of these needs in motivating behaviour change and provided specific practical examples of how HCAs can adopt need supportive behaviours. The last part of the training provides several interactive case studies in which HCAs must identify strategies to meet patients individualised needs to encourage PA. Following MRC guidelines specifically on the development phase of an intervention allows for exploration of both population and environmental considerations and provides a strategy to create interventions that can be feasibly integrated into routine care.
Tugas Matematika B09 Kelas 5A
Authors: Setiawan Adib Rifqi
Published: February 2024

Tugas Matematika B09 Kelas 5A
The role of life events in obsessive-compulsive disorders
Authors: Mandal Uday Sankar , Mallick Suchismita , Surjendu Bikash Khatua  , Mondal Arijit , Sandip Kumar Hazra
Published: February 2024

Background: A small number of studies are available to assess the role of stressful life events (SLEs) in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The previous studies have reported contradictory results and they have methodological limitations.
Aims and Objectives: The objectives of our study are (i) to find out the frequency of life events in patients with OCD in comparison to their matched healthy controls and (ii) to find out the impact of life events on the severity of the disorder.
Materials and Methods: Sixty patients fulfilling Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, 5th edition (DSM-V) criteria of OCD were rated with Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A), Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D), and Presumptive Stressful Life Events Scale (PSLES). A group of 60 normal controls were also rated on PSLES. Finally, both groups were compared in terms of life events.
Results: The frequency of life events, past 1 year (t=5.307, P=0.006) and lifetime (t=11.527, P<0.001), were significantly higher in the patient group in comparison to controls. PSLES scores showed asignificant correlation with Y-BOCS total scores, Y-BOCS obsession scores, and HAM-A scores. There was a positive correlation between past 1 year PSLES score and HAM-D scores. Step-wise linear regression analysis showed PSLES scores significantly positively predicted Y-BOCS total score, Y-BOCS obsession score, and Y-BOCS compulsion score.
Conclusion: Life events were significantly more frequent in OCD patients both past 1 year and lifetime, as compared to healthy controls. The severity of obsessive compulsive symptoms was found to be directly proportional to the number of SLEs experienced in the past 1 year and lifetime.
A study on sporadic renal cell carcinoma in young adults, our institutional experience
Authors: Prakash JVS  , Thiruvarul PV  , Vetrichandar S  , Mohamadali Basitali Sayyad
Published: February 2024

Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for around 2–3% of all adult malignant neoplasms. Most RCC instances are sporadic, with about 4–6% being familial. Sporadic RCC is uncommon in young patients under 45, accounting for 3–7% of all instances. We report our experience with sporadic RCCs in young adults between the age of 20 and 45 years.
Aims and Objectives: The aim is to study clinical presentation, evaluation, management, and prognosis of sporadic RCC in young adults.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of 22 patients diagnosed with sporadic RCC between ages 20 and 45 years during a period of 7 years from 2016 to 2022 was performed at Government Stanley Medical College. Demographic details such as age, gender, clinical condition, blood investigations, radiological imaging, and histopathological evaluation were conducted. Patients were assessed for long-term outcomes by comparing metastasis and lymph node involvement with survival outcomes.
Results: The mean age at diagnosis was 37 years. Most patients belong to lower socioeconomic status (54.5%), Tumors were detected incidentally in 9 patients (41%) and were symptomatic in 13 (59%). Around 87% of patients were not having any associated comorbidities. The average duration of presenting complaints in symptomatic patients was 41 days. About 59% of patients were smokers or chewing tobacco before diagnosis. Renal biopsy was performed in 27% of patients before definitive surgery. The difference in prognosis was found to be insignificant between patients who were asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis compared to patients who were symptomatic. The tumor stage and grade had a significant impact on survival. The mean postoperative follow-up was 38 months.
Conclusion: The result of our study shows that sporadic RCC does not behave aggressively in young adults. The most important determinants in prognosis are tumor stage and histological grade. The type of surgical procedure does not affect the overall outcome.
Prevalence of skin diseases among hostellers attending the tertiary care hospital
Authors: Abirami P  , Narmadha S
Published: February 2024

Background: Skin diseases are more common but are mostly non-fatal and chronic. Dermatological conditions account for a significant proportion of the global burden of diseases.
Aims and Objectives: The study aimed to determine the prevalence of skin diseases among hostellers, determine the causative factors, and describe the prevention.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted for 2 months in the outpatient Department of Dermatology, Government Medical College, Pudukottai, on 507 hostellers. The study subjects were examined and diagnosed by the dermatologist. Questions such as exposure to sunlight, usage of sunscreen, frequency of head baths, and junk food consumption were asked and recorded in a case study form by the principal investigator.
Results: Pityriasis capitis was the most prevalent skin disease among 507 participants, followed by acne vulgaris (54.83%) and pediculosis capitis (25.64%). Pityriasis capitis is more common in men (56.17%), with higher chances in those with head baths (<3 times/week) and exposure to sunlight (28.08%). Acne vulgaris affects both males and females equally; face washing <3 times daily is associated with oil and sebum retention, while lack of sunscreen and junk food intake are linked. Periorbital melanosis is more prevalent in females (54.62%) and is linked to stress (66.39%). Sleep duration is also a factor, with 69.23% of girls having a history of cosmetic usage.
Conclusion: Pityriasis capitis, acne vulgaris, pediculosis capitis, dermatophytosis, and periorbital melanosis are common skin diseases caused by sharing, sleep deprivation, stress, and poor hygiene. Proper hygiene, sleep patterns, and self-care can reduce skin disease incidence.