bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nuevas voces para el recuerdo – Literarisches Übersetzen als interdisziplinäres Projekt.
Authors: Kienberger Martina
Published: January 2021

Literary translation presents an interesting challenge for both students of German and translation studies. This article shows how the transfer of literary texts from one language to another can be used in different courses, pursuing different objectives (language analysis, literary didactics, etc.) and how it creates an occasion for interdisciplinary project-related work. Based on the project Nuevas voces para el recuerdo, in which students of German philology and translation in Salamanca made their versions of the poem wien: heldenplatz by Ernst Jandl, the objectives, working methods and products of the cross-faculty translation work are presented.
Intimidad, emoción y activismo político en el teatro posmigrante de Sasha Marianna Salzmann.
Authors: Pereyra Soledad
Published: January 2021

As Pavis (2016) argues, intimacy has resurfaced under different forms and names in current theater. This article makes a general introduction to posmigrant theatre in Germany, breaks down some of these forms of intimacy and emotion in theatre studies, and then analyzes its presence and articulation in the monologues of two works by german-language playwright Sasha Marianna Salzmann (n.1985): Muttersprache Mameloschn (2013) and Meteoriten (2016). The examination of the monologues of Salzmann -who is one of the representatives of the so-called German Postmigrant Theatre- exhibits that intimacy in their works is not only about reversing the representational economy of the minorities in a multicultural society. The use of emotion in her theatre abandons its traditional association with the “pathos” and the “Impossibility of Acting” (DidiHuberman, 2013:26), and represents a form of political activism, which builds theatre as the smallest cell of a fairer society (Salzmann 2015).
Los Morancos y los videoclips. De Omaíta a Despacito.
Authors: Ramos Barranco Jose Rafael
Published: January 2021

: In this work the textual and visual variations of the humorous videos of Los Morancos are analyzed, which are a Sevillian comic duo composed of the brothers César and Jorge Cadaval, in which themes of current Spanish politics are parodied. To do this, the artistic evolution of these comedians is studied to see if it is an innovative phenomenon within their scenic approach or is it an aspect that they have already developed from the beginning. In the same way, we ask ourselves if it is a particularity of these two artists on the Spanish scene or, on the contrary, if it falls within an artistic continuity of Spanish humorists that reached its peak in the two decades of the 21st century. However, although they are not the pioneers of this phenomenon in Spain, we address the causes of the success they have achieved with the textual and visual variations of fashionable songs that place the cultural and political reality of Spain, as well as the broadcasting channel that has moved from television to the internet, promoting greater immediacy and encompassing a much wider audience. Keywords: mass media, broadcast media, humor, political intentionality, song variations, television, social networks
Evolution of the TcPO2values following hyperoxygenated fatty acids emulsion application in patients with diabetic foot disease: results of a clinical trial
Authors: Lázaro-Martínez José Luis , López-Moral Mateo , García-Alamino Josep M , Bohbot Serge , Sanz-Corbalán Irene , García-Álvarez Yolanda
Published: January 2021

Objective:

The use of emollients to lubricate dry skin to prevent diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), especially in neuroischaemic feet, has been recommended. This study analyses the effect of daily topical application of hyperoxygenated fatty acids emulsion on transcutaneous oxygen pressure (TcPO2) in the feet of neuropathic and neuroischaemic patients with diabetes.

Method:

Patients with diabetes and no active foot ulcer were included in this longitudinal, prospective, non-comparative clinical trial. The evolution of TcPO2(mmHg) values after the application of the tested emulsion (Corpitol Emulsion, Laboratoires Urgo Medical, France) was evaluated for a three-month period. Modifications of skin features (skin dryness, skin shedding and skin colour) were also analysed. TcPO2was performed using a TCM400 device (Radiometer, Denmark).

Results:

A total of 50 patients were included in the study. Patients with neuroischaemia showed a significant increase in TcPO2values (35.69±13.88mmHg) after two months' application of the tested emulsion that remained at month three (day 60: 42.34±10.98mmHg; p=0.006; day 90: 41.62±10.88mmHg; p=0.011). Skin dryness and shedding showed an improvement from baseline to the end of the study in both groups, secondary to the use of the tested emulsion (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). Skin colour also showed differences from baseline to the final visit in the neuroischaemic patients (p=0.029). Patients with neuropathy did not show any change in skin colour from baseline to the final visit.

Conclusions:

Analysis of the use of the tested emulsion showed an increase in TcPO2and an improvement in skin trophism in patients with neuroischaemic foot.
Influence of Metacognition on Academic Achievement and Learning Style of Undergraduate Students in Tezpur University
Authors: Pradhan Sradhanjali , Das Parismita
Published: January 2021

A Descriptive-correlational study was sought to investigate the influence of metacognition on the academic achievement and learning style of undergraduate students. Using the survey method, data was collected from a sample of 150 undergraduate students selected through a stratified random sampling technique which includes 50 students each from the three schools namely School of Humanities and Social sciences (HSS), School of Engineering (SOE), and School of Sciences (SOS) of Tezpur University. The tools used are five-point Likert-type Metacognitive skills scale and five-point Likert-type Learning Style Inventory. Academic Achievement of the students was measured based on the semester grade point average SGPA obtained in the semester examination. The data were analyzed using percentage, simple regression, multiple regression and one-way ANOVA. The result showed that only 34-36% of the undergraduate students have above-average metacognitive skills. The undergraduate students have equal preferences in all the five learning styles rather than focusing on one learning style. There is a significant difference between metacognition levels and academic achievement of the undergraduate students of SOS, HSS and SOE. The metacognitive skill explicates only 43% variability of academic achievement of the undergraduate students which implies that the undergraduate student’s metacognitive skills influence and determines their academic achievement to some extent. However, the undergraduate student’s learning style doesn’t account for variation in metacognitive skills. Thus, it is suggested that metacognitive skills should be integrated into curricular components and learning strategy which will help the students to monitor and regulate their own learning to meet the challenges of academic society.
Comparative Analysis of the Transition from Early Childhood Education to Primary Education: Factors Affecting Continuity between Stages
Authors: González-Moreira Alba , Ferreira Camino , Vidal Javier
Published: January 2021

The educational transition between early childhood education and primary education is a complex moment of change with repercussions throughout the academic life of the students. For this reason, it is important to seek continuity between both educational stages. A successful transition produces for the social, cognitive and emotional well-being of the student. The aim of this study is to find out how transition-related factors apply in ten European Union (EU) countries. The factors analyzed are the age of onset of transition, the teacher–student ratio, types of clustering, financing of the stage, responsibility, and both initial and in-service teacher training. The methodology followed in this study is documentary analysis and the main source of data search has been the European Commission's Eurydice portal. The results show differences in stage change within each country, especially in the explicit consideration of a transition period. The main conclusion is that there is a great difference between the northern and southern countries. The main differences between countries in the transitions from early childhood education to primary education in the EU are in the years of compulsory education, the teacher/student/unit ratio, the initial teacher training, and the decentralization of education.
Dealuminated and Desilicated Natural Zeolite as a Catalyst for Hydrocracking of Used Cooking Oil into Biogasoline
Authors: Wijaya Karna , Purba Susi Erfina , Trisunaryanti Wega - , Pratika Remi Ayu
Published: January 2021

The modification of natural zeolite has been conducted by dealumination and desilication using HCl and NaOH treatments as a catalyst for hydrocracking of used cooking oil into biogasoline. This research aimed to study the effect of dealumination and desilication on the natural zeolite activity and selectivity of a hydrocracking process. A variety of catalysts was prepared by applying 3, 6, and 9 M HCl in the dealumination of natural zeolite to produce DNZ(3-1), DNZ(3-2) DNZ(3-3), DNZ(6-1), DNZ(6-2), DNZ(6-3), DNZ(9-1), DNZ(9-2), and     DNZ(9-3) catalysts and NaOH in the desilication of natural zeolite to obtain NZB catalyst. The results showed that the dealumination and the desilication treatments affected the liquid product conversion of used cooking oil from catalytic hydrocracking. The hydrocracking of used cooking oil with NZB catalyst produced the highest gasoline fuel conversion of 94.87%. 

 

 
The Best Laid Plans of Mice and Men
Authors:   Phoenix Pulmonary and Critical Care Research and Education Foundation, Gilbert, AZ USA, Robbins Richard , Harber Philip , Thomas Allen
Published: January 2021

No abstract available. Article truncated after 150 words. When writing a grant proposal, many of us do a power analysis to ensure that we will have a sufficient number or “n” to detect a statistically significant difference between two populations. We estimate the number needed in each group by considering the likely intergroup difference and then add additional subjects depending on the number who will not give informed consent, refuse, die, are lost to follow up, etc. Often the number of nonparticipants is estimated based on previous experience, but sometimes a small study is done first called a feasibility study which tests the assumptions about recruitment. For both clinical trials and epidemiologic studies, a pilot or feasibility study also helps assure that participants will be representative of the relevant population (1). (For examples, will only the most seriously ill participate in a drug trial, or will the most vulnerable workers decline participation in a study. Will some drugs …
Rapid advancement in cancer genomic big data in the pursuit of precision oncology
Authors: Permata Tiara Bunga Mayang , Sekarutami Sri Mutya , Nuryadi Endang , Giselvania Angela , Gondhowiardjo Soehartati
Published: January 2021

In the current big data era, massive genomic cancer data are available for open access from anywhere in the world. They are obtained from popular platforms, such as The Cancer Genome Atlas, which provides genetic information from clinical samples, and Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia, which offers genomic data of cancer cell lines. For convenient analysis, user-friendly tools, such as the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER), which can be used to analyze tumor-infiltrating immune cells comprehensively, are also emerging. In clinical practice, clinical sequencing has been recommended for patients with cancer in many countries. Despite its many challenges, it enables the application of precision medicine, especially in medical oncology. In this review, several efforts devoted to accomplishing precision oncology and applying big data for use in Indonesia are discussed. Utilizing open access genomic data in writing research articles is also described.
How self-government in Catalonia has integrated private not for profit care in the public healthcare service
Authors: Bohigas Lluis
Published: January 2021

This study aims to analyze how the hospital policy of the Catalan government during the period 1980-2020 was adapted to the specific situation in Catalonia and how it differs from previous policies put in place by the central Spanish government. The methodological approach is to present evidence found through analysis of official documents and study of changes in hospital’s affiliations during that particular period. The main contributions are to indicate that the legal status of the hospitals that, in 1980, formed part of the network of hospitals that collaborated with the public system (XHUP in its acronym in Catalan), has changed substantially when compared with the current situation today in 2020. Each case has been studied individually. The changes show a policy that keeps local government involved in healthcare matters and improves the overall efficiency of hospitals.
Democratizar la democracia: el programa descolonizador del cosmopolitismo subalterno
Authors: Mandujano Estrada Miguel
Published: January 2021

En este trabajo presentamos dos formas en las que puede enunciarse un programa descolonizador en el cosmopolitismo subalterno, la plataforma crítica de Boaventura de Sousa Santos. Partiendo de la crítica a una modernidad en confluencia con el capitalismo, enmarcamos este programa como una práctica descolonizadora frente a las pulsiones fascistas de la sociedad. Para conseguir este propósito explicaremos la manera en la que la modernidad extendió la desigualdad y la exclusión como mecanismo de integración, estableciendo una racionalidad colonial de límites radicales. El programa descolonizador del cosmopolitismo subalterno representa, frente a este pensamiento colonial, un campo de ampliación e intensificación democrática basada en un principio ético, político y epistemológico fundamental identificado con la ecología de saberes y las epistemologías del Sur.
Cálculo del tamaño de muestra necesario para estimar el
coeficiente de correlación de Pearson mediante sintaxis en
SPSS
Authors: Santabárbara Javier
Published: January 2021

INTRODUCCIÓN. El estudio de la asociación entre dos
variables requiere del cálculo del estadístico llamado coeficiente
de correlación. En la fase de diseño de este tipo de estudios, debe
realizarse la estimación del número mínimo de participantes a
seleccionar para asegurar que podremos realizar inferencias
estadísticas con una potencia adecuada. Desafortunadamente, SPSS no
ofrece el cálculo del tamaño muestral para los estudios de
asociación de variables cuantitativas. Por tanto, el objetivo
principal de este trabajo ha sido calcular mediante sintaxis de SPSS
el tamaño de la muestra necesario para estimar el coeficiente de
correlación a través de un caso práctico. MÉTODO. Se proporciona un
fichero de sintaxis de SPSS para el cálculo del tamaño muestral en
estudios de asociación. RESULTADOS Y DISCUSIÓN. El uso del fichero
de sintaxis servirá de apoyo metodológico para todo investigador
usuario de SPSS interesado en el cálculo del tamaño muestral para la
estimación del coeficiente de correlación.
Impact of microvibration on the optical performance of an airborne camera
Authors: Lin Jieqiong , Zhou Yan , Wang Haitao , Gu Yan , Gao Minghui , Guo Xin , Xu Haibo
Published: January 2021

Aiming to investigate the connection between camera structure and optical systems, a comprehensive analysis needs to be performed for the airborne camera. An integrated analysis method was proposed to design and analyze optical and mechanical structures. Based on the designed small airborne camera, the impact of microvibration on the optical performance of the airborne camera was studied by integrated optomechanical analysis. In addition, the change of optical surface accuracy was analyzed. First, static and dynamic analysis of the designed airborne camera was performed to verify the stability of the camera structure and obtain the data for integrated optomechanical analysis. Then, a calculation method for rigid body displacement was proposed, and the impact of rigid body displacements on the optical system was analyzed. To evaluate the change of surface accuracy, the parameters root mean square (RMS) and peak to valley (PV) were calculated by fitting the surface distortion data. Based on the Zernike polynomial coefficients, the response of the optical system was calculated and analyzed utilizing ZEMAX to analyze the impact of microvibration on the optical performance of the airborne camera. The analysis results show that microvibration has no significant impact on optical performance of the designed small airborne camera. Finally, the analysis results were verified through experiments.
Energy-saving all-weather window based on selective filtering of solar spectral radiation
Authors: Chowdhary Ashish Kumar , Bhowmik Tanmay , Gupta Jegyasu , Sikdar Debabrata
Published: January 2021

Passive all-weather windows, capable of selectively transmitting visible and infrared solar radiation, could help in bringing down fossil-fuel energy consumption globally by reducing the carbon footprint of typical air-conditioning systems for buildings and motor vehicles. Here, we report on designing metal–insulator–metal thin-films for application in passive windows, optimized for different climatic conditions. We analyze designs comprising different noble metals as well as their relatively inexpensive alternatives. By finding an optimal choice of materials and thicknesses of the metal and dielectric layers, our lithography-free simple design can provide all-weather solutions for passive windows with desired visible and infrared transmission/blocking capability. Obtained theoretical results agree well with full-wave simulations. Thus, our proposed designs enable developing low-cost, ultra-thin (thickness: 47–85 nm), polarization-independent, angle-insensitive (up to 83 deg), and large-area-compatible passive windows with improved solar-radiation control for different weather/climatic conditions. The figure-of-merit calculation shows that the relatively inexpensive metals used in our passive glasses can outperform industry-standard commercial glasses and previously reported infrared-blocking plasmonic glasses.
Least-squares gamma estimation in fringe projection profilometry
Authors: Muñoz Antonio , Flores Jorge L. , Parra-Escamilla Geliztle , Morales Luis A. , Ordones Sotero , Servin Manuel
Published: January 2021

This paper introduces a novel, to the best of our knowledge, method to estimate and compensate the nonlinear gamma factor introduced by the optical system in fringe projection profilometry. We propose to determine this factor indirectly by adjusting the least-squares plane to the estimated phase coming from the reference plane. We only require a minimal set of three fringe sinusoidal images to estimate the gamma factor. This value can be used to rectify computational legacy data and also to generate and project the new set of fringe patterns for which we perform the inverse gamma compensation. Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method to estimate and correct the gamma distortion.
Electrically switchable electro-optic filters for spectral line emission detection
Authors: Pelleg Ben , Steinhauser Carl , Pullen Marquise , Linden Joseph , Fontecchio Adam
Published: January 2021

Remote detection of spectral line emission is an important capability in a number of areas, including defense and environmental science. In this paper, we report on a mechanism for spectral line emission detection that is not based on narrow bandpass filters or hyperspectral imagers, but is instead based on the use of switchable spectral filters. The use of a switchable filter enables a single sensor to perform remote sensing tasking in a broad passband, while also detecting emission in a particular spectral line. In this case, the switchable spectral filter studied is a holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal (HPDLC) reflection grating. The concept is demonstrated through modeling a sensor with an integrated HPDLC filter and building a detection algorithm capable of detecting spectral line emission. The modeling framework is built upon four components: the background scene, the spectral line source, the HPDLC filter, and the sensor. Results from the model show probability of detection and probability of false alarm for spectral line sources of varying strength for a particular background scene.
Ophthalmic Applications of Confocal Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy Integrated with Tunable Optics
Authors: Jiménez-Villar A. , Ruminski D. , Gondek G. , Grulkowski I.
Published: January 2021

We demonstrate a prototype confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope system to image different layers of the retina. The system was integrated with a high-speed acousto-optic tunable lens to make a rapid depth scanning.
Axial localization at the quantum limit using imaging
Authors: Řeháček J. , Stoklasa B. , Paúr M. , Koutný D. , Hradil Z. , Sánchez-Soto L. L.
Published: January 2021

We investigate the fundamental limits for object axial position estimation using the quantum Fisher information. Placing an intensity position detector into a proper place out of the image plane enables detection attaining those limits.
Self-driving with One RGB Camera
Authors: Kolly Joseph , Zhang Hongbo , Idew Wakee
Published: January 2021

We have used only one RGB camera with a tunable field of view to achieve self-driving. The study reveals that one RGB camera is sufficient for achieving self-driving. The optimal field of view of the camera is between 100 and 130 degrees.
Lightpath QoT computation in optical networks assisted by transfer learning
Authors: Khan Ihtesham , Bilal Muhammad , Umar Masood M. , D’Amico Andrea , Curri Vittorio
Published: January 2021

Precise computation of the quality of transmission (QoT) of lightpaths (LPs) in transparent optical networks has techno-economic importance for any network operator. The QoT metric of LPs is defined by the generalized signal-to-noise ratio (GSNR), which includes the effects of both amplified spontaneous emission noise and nonlinear interference accumulation. Generally, the physical layer of a network is characterized by nominal values provided by vendors for the operational parameters of each network element (NE). Typically, NEs suffer a variation in the working point that implies an uncertainty from the nominal value, which creates uncertainty in the GSNR computation and requires the deployment of a system margin. We propose the use of a machine learning agent trained on a dataset from an in-service network to reduce the uncertainty in the GSNR computation on an unused sister network, based on the same optical transport equipment and thus following the transfer learning paradigm. We synthetically generate datasets for both networks using the open-source library GNPy and show how the proposed deep neural network based on TensorFlow may substantially reduce the GSNR uncertainty and, consequently, the needed margin. We also present a statistical analysis of the observed GSNR fluctuations, showing that the per-wavelength GSNR distribution is always well-approximated as Gaussian, enabling a statistical closed-form approach to the margin setting.
Experimental demonstration of a 4,294,967,296-QAM-based Y-00 quantum stream cipher template carrying 160-Gb/s 16-QAM signals
Authors: Chen Xi , Tanizawa Ken , Winzer Peter , Dong Po , Cho Junho , Futami Fumio , Kato Kentaro , Melikyan Argishti , Kim K. W.
Published: January 2021

We demonstrate a 4,294,967,296-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) based Y-00 quantum stream cipher system carrying a 160-Gb/s 16-QAM signal transmitted over 320-km SSMF. The ultra-dense QAM cipher template is realized by an integrated two-segment silicon photonics I/Q modulator.
Post-recombination effects in confined gases photoionized at megahertz repetition rates
Authors: Koehler J. R. , Köttig F. , Schade D. , Russell P. St. J. , Tani F.
Published: January 2021

Recombination-driven acoustic pulses and heating in a photoionized gas transiently alter its refractive index. Slow thermal dissipation can cause substantial heat accumulation and impair the performance and stability of gas-based laser systems operating at strong-field intensities and megahertz repetition rates. Here we study this effect by probing the pulse-by-pulse buildup of refractive index changes in gases spatially confined inside a capillary. A high-power repetition-rate-tunable femtosecond laser photoionizes the gas at its free-space focus, while a transverse-propagating probe laser interferometrically monitors the resulting time-dependent changes in refractive index. The system allows convenient exploration of the nonlinear regimes used to temporally compress pulses with durations in the ∼30 to ∼300 fs range. We observe thermal gas-density depressions, milliseconds in duration, that saturate to a level that depends on the peak intensity and repetition rate of the pulses, in good agreement with numerical modelling. The dynamics are independently confirmed by measuring the mean speed-of-sound across the capillary core, allowing us to infer that the temperature in the gas can exceed 1000 K. Finally, we explore several strategies for mitigating these effects and improving the stability of gas-based high-power laser systems at high repetition rates.
Fast correlated-photon imaging enhanced by deep learning
Authors: Li Zhan-Ming , Wu Shi-Bao , Gao Jun , Zhou Heng , Yan Zeng-Quan , Ren Ruo-Jing , Yin Si-Yuan , Jin Xian-Min
Published: January 2021

Quantum imaging using photon pairs with strong quantum correlations has been harnessed to bring quantum advantages to various fields from biological imaging to range finding. Such inherent non-classical properties support the extraction of more valid signals to build photon-limited images, even in low-light conditions where the shot noise becomes dominant as light decreases to a single-photon level. Numerical optimization algorithms are possible but require thousands of photon-sparse frames, and they are thus unavailable in real time. We demonstrate fast correlated-photon imaging enhanced by deep learning as an intelligent computational strategy to discover a deeper structure in big data. Our work verifies that a convolutional neural network can efficiently solve inverse imaging problems associated with strong shot noise and background noise (electronic noise, scattered light). Our results show that we can overcome limitations due to the trade-off between imaging speed and image quality by pushing the low-light imaging technique to the single-photon level in real time, which enables deep-learning-enhanced quantum imaging for real-life applications.
Comprehensive characterization of protective face coverings made from household fabrics
Authors: Guha Suvajyoti , Herman Alexander , Carr Ian A. , Porter Daniel , Natu Rucha , Berman Shayna , Myers Matthew R.
Published: January 2021

Background

Face coverings constitute an important strategy for containing pandemics, such as COVID-19. Infection from airborne respiratory viruses including Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can occur in at least three modes; tiny and/or dried aerosols (typically < 1.0 μm) generated through multiple mechanisms including talking, breathing, singing, large droplets (> 0.5 μm) generated during coughing and sneezing, and macro drops transmitted via fomites. While there is a growing number of studies looking at the performance of household materials against some of these situations, to date, there has not been any systematic characterization of household materials against all three modes.

Methods

A three-step methodology was developed and used to characterize the performance of 21 different household materials with various material compositions (e.g. cotton, polyester, polypropylene, cellulose and blends) using submicron sodium chloride aerosols, water droplets, and mucous mimicking macro droplets over an aerosol-droplet size range of ~ 20 nm to 0.6 cm.

Results

Except for one thousand-thread-count cotton, most single-layered materials had filtration efficiencies < 20% for sub-micron solid aerosols. However, several of these materials stopped > 80% of larger droplets, even at sneeze-velocities of up to 1700 cm/s. Three or four layers of the same material, or combination materials, would be required to stop macro droplets from permeating out or into the face covering. Such materials can also be boiled for reuse.

Conclusion

Four layers of loosely knit or woven fabrics independent of the composition (e.g. cotton, polyester, nylon or blends) are likely to be effective source controls. One layer of tightly woven fabrics combined with multiple layers of loosely knit or woven fabrics in addition to being source controls can have sub-micron filtration efficiencies > 40% and may offer some protection to the wearer. However, the pressure drop across such fabrics can be high (> 100 Pa).
Let’s not be indifferent about robots: Neutral ratings on bipolar measures mask ambivalence in attitudes towards robots
Authors: Stapels Julia G. , Eyssel Friederike
Published: January 2021

Ambivalence, the simultaneous experience of both positive and negative feelings about one and the same attitude object, has been investigated within psychological attitude research for decades. Ambivalence is interpreted as an attitudinal conflict with distinct affective, behavioral, and cognitive consequences. In social psychological research, it has been shown that ambivalence is sometimes confused with neutrality due to the use of measures that cannot distinguish between neutrality and ambivalence. Likewise, in social robotics research the attitudes of users are often characterized as neutral. We assume that this is due to the fact that existing research regarding attitudes towards robots lacks the opportunity to measure ambivalence. In the current experiment (N = 45), we show that a neutral and a robot stimulus were evaluated equivalently when using a bipolar item, but evaluations differed greatly regarding self-reported ambivalence and arousal. This points to attitudes towards robots being in fact highly ambivalent, although they might appear neutral depending on the measurement method. To gain valid insights into people’s attitudes towards robots, positive and negative evaluations of robots should be measured separately, providing participants with measures to express evaluative conflict instead of administering bipolar items. Acknowledging the role of ambivalence in attitude research focusing on robots has the potential to deepen our understanding of users’ attitudes and their potential evaluative conflicts, and thus improve predictions of behavior from attitudes towards robots.
Medical abortion kit dispensing practices of community pharmacies in Pokhara Metropolitan, Nepal
Authors: Dangi Nim Bahadur , Subedi Sangam , Gyawali Mahasagar , Bhattarai Aashish , Bhandari Tulsi Ram
Published: January 2021

Background

Medical abortion (MA) refers to the use of medicines to terminate the pregnancy. There is an urgent need to spread safe abortion services in the community. This study assessed the MA kit dispensing practices of community pharmacies in Pokhara Valley, Nepal.

Methods

A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Pokhara Valley, Nepal from December 2017 to November 2018. Among the community pharmacies of Pokhara Valley, 115 community pharmacies were selected using a consecutive sampling method. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data. MA kit and related information were requested by simulated male clients visiting the community pharmacies. The information obtained from the pharmacy workers was recorded in the data collection sheet.

Results

Nine brands of MA kit from eight manufacturing companies were found in practice in Pokhara Valley, out of those only five (56%) were registered in Nepal. Seven brands were sold at more than the labeled price. The pharmacy workers asked about the gestational age and confirmation of pregnancy in all the cases. Most of them counseled the clients on the frequency, duration, and direction of use. Dispensing practice and level of counseling were found to be significantly correlated (r = 0.40, p value = 0.01).

Conclusion

Despite the awareness of the pharmacy workers on the MA kit, most of them provided limited information to the clients. Nearly half unregistered MA kits were found in practice at the community pharmacies. Thus, the Department of Drugs Administration and other concerned authorities must provide relevant training and awareness programs to the pharmacy workers of the community pharmacies for preventing the malpractice of MA kit. The Government of Nepal must restrict the illegal entry of unregistered brands and assure the standards of MA kit by regulating drug acts and policies effectively.
Characterization of intrauterine growth, proliferation and biomechanical properties of the murine larynx
Authors: Griffin Kate , Pedersen Hailey , Stauss Kari , Lungova Vlasta , Thibeault Susan L.
Published: January 2021

Current research approaches employ traditional tissue engineering strategies to promote vocal fold (VF) tissue regeneration, whereas recent novel advances seek to use principles of developmental biology to guide tissue generation by mimicking native developmental cues, causing tissue or allogenic/autologous progenitor cells to undergo the regeneration process. To address the paucity of data to direct VF differentiation and subsequent new tissue formation, we characterize structure-proliferation relationships and tissue elastic moduli over embryonic development using a murine model. Growth, cell proliferation, and tissue biomechanics were taken at E13.5, E15.5, E16.5, E18.5, P0, and adult time points. Quadratic growth patterns were found in larynx length, maximum transverse diameter, outer dorsoventral diameter, and VF thickness; internal VF length was found to mature linearly. Cell proliferation measured with EdU in the coronal and transverse planes of the VFs was found to decrease with increasing age. Exploiting atomic force microscopy, we measured significant differences in tissue stiffness across all time points except between E13.5 and E15.5. Taken together, our results indicate that as the VF mature and develop quadratically, there is a concomitant tissue stiffness increase. Greater gains in biomechanical stiffness at later prenatal stages, correlated with reduced cell proliferation, suggest that extracellular matrix deposition may be responsible for VF thickening and increased biomechanical function, and that the onset of biomechanical loading (breathing) may also contribute to increased stiffness. These data provide a profile of VF biomechanical and growth properties that can guide the development of biomechanically-relevant scaffolds and progenitor cell differentiation for VF tissue regeneration.
NEP and Nepmen Representation in Siberian Periodicals
Authors: Gonina N.V. , Bershadskaia S.V.
Published: January 2021

This article examines the nature of the new economic policy and Nepmen - Russia’s capitalists of 1920s - representation from the regional perspective of Siberia and textual evidence of the local periodicals during the period 1921-1925. Given the lack of materials of personal origin (diaries, letters, memoirs, etc.), textual evidence of the Siberian periodicals is an important source of information to understand the local situation despite certain ideological and censorship restrictions associated with the Soviet press. Using the texts of the daily newspaper “Krasnoyarsk Worker” (“Krasnoyarsky Rabochy”) and the monthly magazine “Our Printed Word” (“Nashe Pechatnoe Slovo”), the official periodicals of the Yenissei province, the article analyses the image of the “new economic policy”, considers the nature of Nepmen representation and identifies those characteristics of the images that reflect the trends common to Russia and those that represent the specifics of Siberia. The problem-chronological method is the basis of this study. The methodological basis is traditional for research of this type - the principles of consistency and objectivity. The theoretical and practical significance of the study is to create the basis for the further research on this issue. The results can be applied to courses in higher education institutions in subjects such as Russian history and Regional studies.
Circassian Mejlis (1861-1863): Methodological Aspects of Ethnosocial Research
Authors: Sadovoy A.N. , Belozerova M.V.
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the "Circassian Mejlis" (1861-1863). This social institution "Circassian Mejlis" in regional historiography is considered as a representative body of power of the subethnos of the Adygs (Ubykhs, Shapsugs and others) - the autochthonous population of the Black Sea coast of the 19th century. A scientific criticism of the concepts presented in regional historiography and the Internet, in which the Mejlis is considered as a state authority, is given. Based on the structural-functional and comparative analysis of historiographic sources, facts and judgments about the reasons for the formation, structure and functions of this social institution are generalized. The signs of ethnosocial and axiological approaches to the analysis of ethnopotestary processes in the border zones of southern Russia at the end of the 19th century are revealed. It is noted that the content of the administrative-territorial and social reform proposed by the Majlis is of high importance in the ethnic history of the Adyghe sub-ethnic groups of the Western Caucasus as one of the stages in the formation of institutions of state power. The possibilities of integrating social institutions formed by subethnos of the Western Caucasus into the structure of the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Port in the middle of the 19th century are considered. The focus is on the genesis of the Mejlis as a social institution was a vivid indicator of the processes of ethnopoliti-cal consolidation that determined the specifics of regional national and confessional policy in the transboundary zone of southern Russia during the imperial period.
Source Studies of History City Self-government of the Turkestan General-government (Second Half of the 19th - Early 20th Century)
Authors: Iusupova S.A.
Published: January 2021

The article presents a set of sources on the history of the formation and development of city self-government in the Turkestan general-government. The author analyzes such types of sources as legislative acts, official documents, reference and statistical publications, and periodicals. These documents and materials are contained in the Central state archives and libraries of Russia, Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, and are reflected in the «Complete collection of laws of the Russian Empire» and the periodical press. Such a disparate storage location of the source database implies the need for a comprehensive study and identification of the information potential. Each of the presented types of sources has such characteristics as primacy, complementarity, subordination, and a high degree of reliability. Together, they give an idea of the legal and socio-economic conditions of the organization of social and economic activities, the nature and evolution of relations with the administration and the population, and also allow us to recreate a complete picture of the formation of city self-government in the region.
Can intellectual property rights impact directly on productivity: a case study in manufacturing industries
Authors: Domicián Máté
Published: January 2021

According to the institutional economics thesis the role of IPRs is one of the relevant determinants of economic growth in long run. Measures of IPRs have been limited and empirical studies have not been able to evaluate their impacts on productivity growth. The major conclusion that the author can be drawn from his estimations is that the extent to which patent rights and trademarks, ceteris paribus, positively correlated with output per capita depends on the intensity of technology.
Az értékteremtés szerepe a szolgáltató vállalkozások versenyképességében
Authors: Kulcsár Noémi
Published: January 2021

A fogyasztói érték népszerű fogalma számos elméleti alátámasztást nyert a versenyképesség elméleti, mikroszintű megközelítéseiben. Kifejezetten fontos aspektusát képezi a szolgáltató szervezetek sikerességének. Számos fogyasztóiérték-kutatás hangsúlyozza, hogy az érték napjainkban leginkább a fogyasztói élményekben ragadható meg. Jelen tanulmányban ezért a szerző célja a fogyasztói érték, az élmény és a szolgáltatóvállalkozások versenyképessége közötti elméleti összefüggés bemutatása.
Determining the Magnitude of Wind Loads on Structures in Kenya according to the Eurocodes
Authors: Munyua Muthomi
Published: January 2021

This study provided guidance on the use of existing wind data in Kenya with the Eurocodes despite the absence of the local national annexes. The determination of wind loads in the structural design of buildings according to the Eurocode Standard KS EN 1991-1-4:2005 had several challenges. The code of practice commonly used in Kenya was CP3-Chapter V-2:1972 that used the three-second gust duration. This gust duration resulted in higher magnitudes of wind loads that ended up making the structures unnecessarily robust and uneconomical. Using the Eurocodes had the promise of achieving more economical designs because it used the 10-minute gust duration. The 10-minute gust duration resulted in typically lower magnitudes of wind loads than the three-second gust duration for the same wind speed. Kenya adopted the Eurocodes in September 2012 but had not yet developed its national annexes opting instead to use the UK National Annexes. The UK National Annexes were applicable to Kenya in some scenarios but not in others such as wind loading. The lack of the Kenya National Annexes led to difficulties in the adoption of the Eurocodes. This paper outlined a procedure in which the existing wind data given in three-second gusts could be converted to 10-minute wind speeds. Once converted, the method described in the UK National Annex could then be followed selectively to determine the wind load on a structure. Lastly, the paper recommended that wind data collected from 1977 to 2021 by the Kenya Meteorological Department be incorporated to the development of the wind map for the Kenya National Annex to KS EN 1991-1-4:2005.
The role and challenges of education for responsible AI
Authors: Dignum Virginia
Published: January 2021

Artificial intelligence (AI) is impacting education in many different ways. From virtual assistants for personalized education, to student or teacher tracking systems, the potential benefits of AI for education often come with a discussion of its impact on privacy and well-being. At the same time, the social transformation brought about by AI requires reform of traditional education systems. This article discusses what a responsible, trustworthy vision for AI is and how this relates to and affects education.
Molecular genetic features of the diabetes mellitus development and the possibility of precision therapy
Authors: Demidova Tatyana Yu. , Zenina Svetlana G.
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this review is to analyze existing data on the molecular genetic features of the development of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, gestational diabetes and specific types of diabetes (maturity onset of diabetes of the young, neоnatal diabetes) and to assess the possibility of precision therapy.

The etiology of diabetes is heterogeneous, and a genetic predisposition plays a significant role in its development. Genetic studies, conducted in the past few decades, allow us to identify a number of genes that directly affect the development of diabetes. The genetic prerequisites indicate high levels of predictability for the occurrence of type 1 diabetes. The only personalized treatment that is known to date for such patients is insulin therapy. For monogenic specific types of diabetes, genetic testing is a diagnostic factor which allows to prescribe adequate therapy. The molecular genetic characteristics of the development of type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes are very complex and ambiguous, however, the existing rich data will become the basis for future recommendations for the prevention, diagnosis and personalized treatment.
VARAL DE INTRUSÃO: detalhes do protocolo
Authors: André Cristiane B
Published: January 2021

INTRODUÇÃO: O varal de intrusão tem o objetivo de corrigir a mordida aberta. Sua maior vantagem é o fato de não necessitar de espaço entre as raízes, já que os mini-implantes são instalados no palato. DESCRIÇÃO: Esse dispositivo consiste de um conjunto de ganchos apoiados sobre mini-implantes, associado a uma barra palatina. RESULTADOS: Trata-se de um protocolo eficaz, sendo mais uma ferramenta ao ortodontista. CONCLUSÃO: para o sucesso do varal de intrusão, cuidados devem ser tomados na instalação dos mini-implantes, no diagnóstico e plano de tratamento.
Image Processing Techniques in Periapical Dental X-Ray Image Detection and Classification
Authors: Sangeetha M. , Kumar Kailash , Aljabr Ahmed Abdullah
Published: January 2021

An Image procedure method is a method that is beneficial in involving direct observation of the patient diagnosis of determination. These are the ideas to ploy the format of the splitting of various tush forms available inside the X-radiation of dental images that would be applied for the enamel splinter, scaling, and root planning, and so on that presupposes a lead job inside the detectable evidence of infirmity. The splitting and assembling of x-radiation images of teeth for detecting, among the huge directory in clinical regular procedure, is phenomenal satisfactory in magnificence and time overwhelming programme. This challenge is split into 5 extraordinary modules initiate with fetching x-radiation figures of teeth as the data to perform operations over it accompanied via preprocessing and segmentation. The capabilities are extricated for research and examining digital images and execute a class of affected teeth. In the paper, an alternative approach for the splitting and representation of grandiose tooth head.
Intention to Use Facebook for Travel Planning: An Investigation on Generation Z Users in Ho Chi Minh City
Authors: Thuy Ho Thi Hai , Hieu Vu Minh , Duy Bui Pham Minh
Published: January 2021

With the expansion of Internet and digital media, especially for the social networking sites, there are extreme changes of global hospitality and tourism industry. The current study aims to investigate the intention to use Facebook - an online social network (OSN) for travel planning by examining the effect of Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease Of Use and Enjoyment. Secondary data are from the journals, books and other sources of information from websites and published reports of businesses and primary data are from the consultations with 5 experts, 2 group discussions and 4 in-depths structured interviews and survey by questionnaires with 200 Gen-Z users. Findings explain the influence of these perceived values on Gen-Z users’ intention to adopt Facebook as a means of travel planning. The study has demonstrated the TAM model’s applicability to the setting of the usage of Facebook for travel planning in Gen-Z. Furthermore, sampling and study scope limitation can lead to further researches.