bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From the securitisation of migration to the criminalisation of solidarity towards migrants
Authors: Boixiere Fleur
Published: May 2020

From the securitisation of migration to the criminalisation of solidarity towards migrants

In recent years, migration has been at the centre of European debates and the number of migrants trying to cross the Mediterranean remains alarming. To this day, hundreds of people continue to risk their lives crossing the Mediterranean on small boats in order to flee conflict zones, persecution or extreme poverty. However, due to the lack of legal alternatives, migrants engage in dangerous journeys and find themselves helpless in the hands of smugglers. This article will address the growing pattern of criminalisation of migration and humanitarian assistance throughout Europe and consider the extent to which national, European and international anti-smuggling laws affect the work of civil society actors.
Back to the Past? Social assistance and the coronavirus epidemic: preliminary analysis
Authors: Chaczko Krzysztof , Paprota Robert
Published: May 2020

The article intents to answer what conclusions drawn from the past experiences of the social assistance system may be useful for functioning of the system in the approaching economic crises produced by the coronavirus epidemic. Using comparative analysis, an attempt was made to compare selected elements of the social assistance system from the transformation period of the 1990s with the situation of social assistance in the last decade. Then, there are defined threats to the functioning of social assistance in case of the economic crisis.
Social workers in times of the Sars-CoV-2 coronavirus epidemic. First Polish experiences
Authors: Wilk Sławomir , Szpoczek Monika
Published: May 2020

The spread of the epidemic of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus and the announcement of the state of epidemic emergency determined the necessity of the changes in the functioning of the social welfare units. This article is an analysis of the literature sources related to the functioning of the social workers during natural disasters, that have served as the basis for conclusions. In addition, twelve pilot interviews with social workers were conducted. Previously the institutions were not prepared for such a threat, did not have procedures nor regulations and means of self-protection. In the times of the epidemic the feminization of the profession of a social worker and the fact of the necessity of taking care of the children of the age of up to 8 years, resulted in the staff shortages. The new reality created the necessity to reorganize the work system of the social assistance units especially in the area of the safety regulations that is to say teleworking, rotational work and shift work, limitations in dealing with the clients and fieldwork, conducting community interviews by phone. Working at residential care facilities, which were closed to protect their residents from infection, has become of particular nature. Due to the epidemic situation, normative acts regarding benefits for persons threatened by the infection of SARS-CoV-2 virus, implementation of assistance for persons experiencing violence or support for people in crisis of homelessness are constantly changing. The text discusses in detail five factors hindering the performance of professional activities for employees of social assistance units: organizational and legal, physical, interpersonal, ethical and psychological. Finally, it is essential to start working by applying the method of organizing local communities (and using social capital), as its absence will be a barrier to the development of Polish municipalities after the epidemic.
From care to social assistance – transformation in a municipality of the province of Lublin. On the thirtieth anniversary of ‘I implore and recommend’ by the Prime Minister Tadeusz Mazowiecki .
Authors: Kozak Marta
Published: May 2020

Aid activities in Poland have a long history. Over the centuries, it took various forms and evolved from mutual assistance, philanthropy, and charity to organized, purposeful activities. Memories of my experience of working in institutional care and then of social welfare concern the period of the turn of the Polish People's Republic and the Third Polish Republic. The systemic changes initiated at that time were of fundamental importance in the development and professionalization of Polish social welfare.
I belong to a group of social workers who started work in the 1960s. Therefore, I am an eyewitness and participant in the changes that took place on the "first line" of social welfare in one of the Polish municipalities in which I worked in those years. I tried to explain the reality of social workers in this period. In my memories I recall some events that may seem insignificant in the scale of general changes but reflect the atmosphere of those times. I trust that they will supplement the knowledge about the history of social welfare of this period.
Projeto de um Sistema Web a Classificação de Fake News
Authors: Monteiro Roger Oliveira , Nogueira Rodrigo Ramos
Published: May 2020

A internet soma mais de 2 bilhões de sites publicados, sendo a principal fonte de informação deste século. No entanto, cada vez mais sites implicam em diversos veículos que não produzem notícias verdadeiras, mas sim falsas, as ditas fakes news. Tendo em vista realizar a classificação automática de fake news este artigo apresenta um sistema que realiza a coleta e classificação de notícias. Para isto, utiliza métodos de aprendizado de máquina para descobrir, classificar e armazenar textos de notícias falsas para posterior aplicação a etapa ETL de um Data Warehouse e um ambiente de consulta que contribuirá com pesquisas futuras. Para isso, foi criado um dataset e os métodos Regressão Logística, Naive Bayes e SVM foram avaliados. Por fim, o melhor algoritmo foi acoplado a um sistema web que realiza a classificação de fake news baseado em aprendizado automático.
Rastreamento e contagem de pedestre em tempo real por meio de imagens digitais
Authors: Cordeiro Alexssandro Ferreira , P. Filho Pedro L. , Ojeda Cristian A. U. , Valiati Gustavo R.
Published: May 2020

Este trabalho apresenta o uso de dois modelos neurais trabalhando em conjunto a fim de efetuar a tarefa de detecção de pedestres, rastreamento e contagem por meio de imagens digitais. A ideia é poder mensurar a quantidade de pessoas em um determinado local. Foi utilizado uma rede de classificação para efetuar a detecção dos pedestre e repassado as coordenadas das detecções para uma rede de rastreamento, possibilitando definir sua trajetória e assim efetuar a contagem referente a entrada ou saída do pedestre de um determinado local.
The race to escape: Location-based escapism and physical activity as a motivator in the consumption of the AR game Pokémon Go
Authors: Laor Tal
Published: May 2020

This research examines motives for engagement in Augmented Reality (AR) games. The research field examined in this study was Pokémon Go, due to the game’s rapid rise in popularity. The study is based on semi-structured interviews with 35 Pokémon Go players. The theoretical framework guiding this study is the uses and gratifications theory, which deals with media consumers’ uses of various media and content types to satisfy psychological and social needs (Ruggiero, 2000). Pokémon Go satisfies diverse player needs, and players’ main uses of the game are related to escapism, social interaction, and challenging others. The study revealed multiple motivations for playing Pokémon Go, which were consistent with previous research, and identified two additional motivations of Pokémon Go players, which are also applicable to AR use in general: increased physical activity and location-dependent escapism integrated into everyday activities outside the home. This consumption pattern is apparently part of the revolution of data accessibility online and on mobile phones, which also function as social means for satisfying needs for entertainment, escapism, and highly accessible information.
Dinâmica do uso e cobertura do solo no vale do Rio Pardo, Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Schroder Thomas , Pereira Rudiney Soares , Zimmermann Anna Paula Lora , Redin Cristina Gouvêa , Fleck Marciane Danniela , Machado Leonardo Mortari , Rocha Nájila Souza
Published: May 2020

The aims of this study were to evaluate rates of deforestation and forest regeneration in the time span between 1990 and 2014, furthermore to estimate land cover and use by the year of 2018 in the Rio Pardo Valley region. Landsat images were used for land cover and use classification and Dinamica EGO software was used to provide real and estimated transitions among land cover and use classes. Forested area increased at a rate of 0.58% by year. However, the rates of deforestation and forest regeneration are larger, between 3 and 6%. The model developed showed to be consistent throughout the study time span. The land cover and use map estimated for 2018 shows regions which are susceptible to deforestation and should be closely watched by local authorities.
Avaliação de nitrogênio e fósforo dos efluentes tratados dos abatedouros na cidade de Pelotas/RS
Authors: Rodrigues Daniel Lucas Costa , Hartwig Marcelo Peske , Gerber Michel David
Published: May 2020

The flesh agroindustrial sector is of great economic importance in Rio Grande do Sul, however this activity is also recognized by the high pollution potential. Considering the difficulties to fulfill the stringent nitrogen and phosphorus emission standards, this study aimed to assess the treated effluents of four slaughterhouses of the region of Pelotas/RS, relating them to the emission standards established by CONSEMA Resolution number 128/2006, after four years of the end of the period prescribed by law. All assessed companies fulfill the established discharge standard for phosphorus, but in relation to the KTN parameter, only 50% of the assessed companies fulfilled what is recommended by law, by concentration or by minimum removal efficiency. The results also indicated that two slaughterhouses must continue investing in the effluents treatment system to fulfill the applicable environmental law.
Reuso da água da chuva na produção de blocos de concreto não estrutural
Authors: Oliveira João Paulo Gama de , Silva Luana Celeste , Fernandes Fernando A. da S. , Paz Lidiane Andrade Fonseca da
Published: May 2020

Water is essential in all spheres of human life. Among them the construction. Not considered as a building material, water is consumed on a large scale in construction sites, concrete producers and the production of concrete blocks. Clever use and sustainable alternatives reduce consumption and combine progress and cleaner production. The reuse of rainwater proved to be an effective and profitable solution to a factory of non-structural concrete blocks in the city of Palmas in Tocantins state. The water collected and stored for this purpose was subjected to studies that first stage showed the presence of foreign bodies. These irregularities detected through screens and filters to eliminate foreign bodies and made water itself to manufacture. Studies have ensured water quality, capable of producing without interference blocks on their properties. The result was productive feasibility, cost reduction and sustainable production.
Matriz de impacto para gestão de microbacias com ótica na produtividade agropecuária sustentável e na saúde da população rural: Estudo de caso em quatro regiões da microbacia Rio do Colégio – São Fidélis – RJ
Authors: Silva Salomão Brandi da , Nassar Cristina Aparecida Gomes
Published: May 2020

The present work aimed to evaluate the preservation of natural resources River College watershed as well as the health of the rural population. The watershed was divided into sub-areas which were visited, and interviews conducted microbiological analysis of water. An impact matrix based on population health, rural sanitation and the use of natural resources was created. The matrix was effective in identifying the main impacts in each region of the watershed. The highest incidence sewage peridomicilary, was found in the regions of Santo Aleixo and Toca Fria. Lack of management with cattle was a problem observed in all regions analyzed, resulting in a significant increase in E. coli coliform. All interviewed population consumes untreated water. In regions of the Toca Fria, Santo Aleixo and Aracaju the population makes use of free nascent of contamination from domestic sewage, but with access to cattle in most cases. In the Rio do Colégio region some families use water from the main course. High rates of diarrhea and worms coincide with the areas of greatest significance of impact indicated by the matrix. Mitigation measures were presented low economic cost and with high visibility to characterized impacts.
Impactos ambientais dos resíduos sólidos no município de Pelotas/RS: um olhar fotográfico
Authors: Valente Beatriz Simões , Xavier Eduardo Gonçalves , Rodrigues Júlia Martins , Kivel Taís Helena
Published: May 2020

The objective of this study was to demonstrate the environmental impacts of solid residues of Pelotas City-Brazil through photography. The research is characterized as a case study and its basis was the environmental perception through the dispositive of the look of the researchers on the environmental impact of the solid residues on the so called Fragata, Central and Porto regionals of the city. The analysis of the photographic images showed that the improper discharge of solid residues leads to environmental impacts in Pelotas and therefore causes social, environmental, economic and administrative issues. The management of the solid residues is inefficient and needs to be improved. The population must perform proper segregation, conditioning and discharging of the housing residues. The selective collection and recycling must be prioritized for the proper management of the solid residues of the city to occur. Educative environmental programs covering the different levels of the society are a necessity. Additionally, such programs are important for the proper sustainable development of the city and also to improve the quality of life of the population.
O processo de aprendizagem organizacional em central cooperativa agroindustrial
Authors: Royer Douglas , Silva Frederico Fonseca da , Jovtei Estanislau Gonçalves
Published: May 2020

To analyzing the process of organizational learning in central agribusiness cooperative in the light of OADI-SMM model, from the perspective of the organization having cooperated as an individual, the study of construct left the following assumptions: understand the main concepts of learning organizational and OADI-SMM model; understand the peculiarities of cooperative organizations in agribusiness and its main features management; understand the process of organizational learning in central agribusiness cooperative, its main engines, agents and moments; analyzing the light of OADI-SMM model the process of learning in the unit of study and possible disruptions in organizational learning. With the interpretation of context and attention to detail and the experiences of respondents, it can be concluded in the study that, over time, the Central Cooperative has developed and strengthened continuously and endemically their organizational learning mechanisms and as a way to cope with the complexity of agribusiness, has been able to promote the exchange of knowledge acquired in adaptations to the environment. The main finding of this case study is that the Central Cooperative can promote the transfer of learning between the individual and the organizational, so we really learn.
Ecología urbana y planificación: una convergéncia ineludible
Authors: Angeoletto Fabio Henrique Soares , Fellowes Mark Dominic Edmund , Essi Liliana , Santos Jeater Waldemar Maciel Correa , Johann Juciane Maria , Leandro Deleon Da Silva , Mendonça Nathalia Moraes
Published: May 2020

The global and massive urbanization of territories is one of today’s most important ecological phenomena. The standards used in urban growth are vital for the conservation of biological diversity, and also affects the provision of a reasonable quality of life for urban populations. Contrary to the perception held by many biologists and other academics, where cities are sterile environments and the opposite of natural, the recent development of urban ecology, a necessarily interdisciplinary science, shows that cities are heterotrophic ecosystems that need to be planned in a manner that reduces their impacts on the biosphere, and that in parallel increases their ability to sustain biodiversity.
Aprovechamiento de residuos de la construcción civil en reparaciones de carreteras rurales
Authors: Rodrigues Rivelino , Kozusny-Andreani Dora Inés , Frias Danila Fernanda Rodrigues
Published: May 2020

The objective of the work is to verify the feasibility of the use of solid waste from the construction industry for the maintenance of rural roads. Data were collected correlating with the production and destination of RCC in the municipality. It was noted that there are approximately 50 kilometers of rural roads that present very bad traffic conditions during the rainy season. Therefore, a 350-meter, was paved, resulting in an RCC value of R$27.00/m³. If using stone crushed stone to perform the same paving, a cost of R$ 76.00/m³. The application of the RCC in the pavement of the section of the selected rural road presented solution for two serious problems that the residents of the municipality currently have (adequate destination for the rubble generated and improvements of the conditions of use of the roads on land, optimizing the flow of agricultural production and the local economy). In this way, theuse of construction waste, generated in the city of Jales – SP, for the maintenance of rural roads of the municipality presented environmental and economic viability.
Performance verification and measurement uncertainty estimation for the determination of sodium chloride in butter
Authors: Moura Thalita Cristhina de Lima , Ribeiro Beatriz Galdino , David Paulo Roberto Salomão , Lucena Alex Leandro Andrade de , Andrade Marcelo Farias de , Napoleão Daniella Carla
Published: May 2020

The minimum parameters of identity and quality of butters in Brazil are governed by the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply. From them it is possible to carry out the performance verification of the methodologies to guarantee the results reliability. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze the performance of the method of determination of NaCl in butter, based on ISO 1738:2004, evaluating accuracy, precision and the limit of quantification (LOQ). The precision was obtained since the coefficients of variation found in the tests were lower than the Horwitz value. The accuracy was approved as a consequence of the confirmation of the proficiency having as provider the FAPAS. The LOQ of 0.41g of NaCl/100g of butter was established by evaluating the accuracy and the recovery in a NaCl content determination test, using a solution prepared with Certified Reference Material. To assure quality, the uncertainty associated with the NaCl measurement was also estimated, through the evaluation of the possible sources of uncertainty, among which were: weighing, analyzer, glassware and the reagent purity, with a measurement uncertainty of 0.03g NaCl/100g of sample. Finally, it was verified the conformity of the NaCl content in commercial samples according to the Brazilian legislation.
Monitoring of the erosion process of the gully type in the Cesamar Park in the Municipality of Palmas - TO
Authors: Faria Ana Karla Carvalho Aragão de , Zukowski Junior Joel Carlos , Pacheco Flavio Augustus da Mota
Published: May 2020

This article aims to monitor the evolution of the erosive process of the gully type, observed in slopes and bed of water course affluent to Córrego Brejo Comprido, caused by the discharges of urban drainage network from part of the avenues LO 07 and LO 05, in the green area 304 (AVSE 33). The methodology used was to conduct on-site surveys with descriptive analysis, collection of points using GPS and the elaboration of monitoring reports. The results obtained after the monitoring identified the serious environmental problem, which is in an evolutionary and accentuated process, was also satisfactory to propose the measures of stabilization of the erosive process in the degraded area.
Enzymatic Biocatalyst using enzymes from Pineapple (Ananas comosus) Peel Immobilized in Hydrogel Beads
Authors: Fonseca Aluísio Marques da , Colares Regilany Paulo , Oliveira Mauro Macedo de , Souza Maria Cristiane Martins de , Monteiro Rodolpho Ramiton de Castro , Araújo Rinaldo Dos Santos , Amorim Aiala Vieira , Santos José Cleiton Sousa dos , Alcócer Juan Carlos Alvarado , Pinto Olienaide Ribeiro de Oliveira
Published: May 2020

The enzymatic extract from pineapple peels, considering the time factor, low cost and ease of preparation of the reaction system, makes the use of this plant material scrap an economical alternative for some reactions of synthetic interest. Therefore, this work aimed to prepare pineapple peel enzymatic extract containing bromelain, with and without mechanical grinding for a period of up to 9-days of extraction, and then immobilizing those extracts on hydrogel beads for their application as a biocatalyst to produce energy interest esters. The best protein content obtained was 1.95 mg mL-1 for 6-days with mechanical grinding, as for the hydrolysis of p-NPP (p-nitrophenyl palmitate), 0.0125 U.mL-1 for 1-day extraction with trituration. The best index esterification activity achieved for the lauric acid as a substrate was 1.8 U mL-1 at 1-day extraction without grinding. For the hydrogel beads immobilization, a maximum protein yield of 28.8% was obtained with the 1-day extract and mechanical grinding, and in terms of p-NPP activity, a yield of 40.6% for the immobilized with 9-day extract without mechanical grinding. The immobilized and dehydrated beads with 1-day extract without grinding took the best esterification activity, 7.2 U g-1 of biocatalyst. The best conversion performance in the biocatalysis of fatty esters was by esterification of the dodecanoate n-propyl, with 95.1% for a period of 48 hours of reaction. For the transesterification reaction, the methyl oleate yield reached 47.3% after 120 hours of reaction.
Behavior of mortar blended with quartzite residues when subjected to natural aging
Authors: Barros Sâmea Valensca Alves , Dantas Gerbeson Carlos Batista , Silva António Santos , Neves Gelmires De Araújo , Menezes Romualdo Rodrigues , Brito André Luiz Fiquene de , Pimentel Patrícia Mendonça , Melo Stefeson Bezerra De
Published: May 2020

The mixture of mortars with quartzite residues is a recycling technique that has been widely used to promote the adequate management of solid waste generated in the municipality of Várzea-PB, Brazil. However, there are no reports in the literature that prove the durability of the mortar mixed with these residues when subjected to environmental conditions over time. Thus, the present work has as objective to study the durability of mortars incorporated with quartzite residues when submitted to natural aging.  The reference mortar and incorporated with quartzite were prepared according to NBR 13281 and submitted to natural aging for 28, 60, 120, 180 and 360 days. Then, they were characterized by x-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis and simple compression strength and carbonation and pozzolanic measurements. The results showed that, despite the decrease in compressive strength of quartzite containing mortars, the durability was not compromised, since the values were maintained in the range suggested by NBR 13281. Finally, it was concluded that mortars produced with quartzite residues presented good mechanical behavior when submitted to natural aging.
Comparative analysis of water and energy balance between conventional system and agroforestry system of production
Authors: Neves Gabriela Leite , Guimarães Tainá Thomassim , Santos Allita Rezende dos , Mauad Frederico Fabio
Published: May 2020

The structure of an agroforestry system differs from conventional agriculture and forestry, because it has an environmental function, improving the system’s productivity due to more efficient use of natural resources (space, soil, water, light and nutrients) and complementary relationships between the components. It is the changes in the microclimate of agroforestry systems that directly affect the water and energy balance of these environments, thus, this paper had as main objective to perform a comparative analysis of the water and energy balance of two models of soil cover for the Ribeirão do Feijão (Feijão creek) basin, located in the municipalities of Itirapina and São Carlos/State of São Paulo, a conventional agriculture situation (where the soil is covered by monoculture - oranges) and another one with agriculture in the model of Agroforestry Systems. The water balance extract was obtained using the Thornthwaite and Mather methodology (1955) and the balance of radiation and the energy balance for the systems under analysis were estimated. The results suggest that the agroforestry system can help conserve resources used in agriculture. Nevertheless, the importance of more studies in the area is emphasized to obtain an understanding of the "soil-water-energy-plant” relationship.
Regionalization of average flow: a brief review of the literature
Authors: Santos Allita Rezende dos , Guimarães Tainá Thomassim , Mauad Frederico Fabio , Okawa Cristhiane Michiko Passos
Published: May 2020

The sustainable management of water resources require planning techniques that are dependent on reliable estimates of water bodies flows data. The knowledge of water availability is essential for decision-making; however, data series are generally limited, insufficient and do not cover all places of interest, making it difficult or impossible to carry out strategic water resource planning. In this way, the temporal and spatial gaps can be filled based on robust methodologies. To fill the gaps in the data, spatial information transfer techniques are used, which are called hydrological regionalization. Thus, this article presents a brief bibliographical review, as well as, different applications of the average flow regionalization methods. This method is an important tool to support decision making in the planning and management of water resources. The results found in the researches related to the applicable methodologies of flow regionalization emphasize that the physical, climatic and hydrological diversities of the river basin characteristics require the adoption of specific methods directed to each unit, since the complexity of the ecosystem interactions makes the procedure difficult.
Hydro-sedimentological computational tool: case study of the Mogi-Guaçu SHP (Brazil-SP)
Authors: Santos Bruno Bernardo dos , Miranda Renato Billia de , Guimarães Tainá Thomassim , Martinez Carlos Eduardo Nunes Medina , Bielenki Júnior Cláudio , Mauad Frederico Fabio
Published: May 2020

The hydro-sedimentological studies are complex and of great importance, mostly in countries with large amounts of water resources and with its energy matrix predominantly hydraulic. The assessment of the amount of sediment carried through water bodies is more difficult mainly due to the amount of involved quantities, which require the adoption of probabilistic or deterministic estimation methods. In this context, this paper presents a case study that applies the hydros-sedimentological module from the computational tool NH Statistic and Sediment, developed by one of the authors, written in Visual Basic for Applications to determine total sediment discharge  using data from the Mogi-Guaçu Small Hydro Electric Power Plant (SP-Brazil). Among the surveys, the reduction of total sediment discharge was verified, which was expected. Likewise, the results provided by the developed computational tool were compared to the results of other softwares showing minimal differences, giving validity and consistency to the applied method. It’s worth mentioning that the method used in this case study may be replicated in other places, giving more information to assist the water resource management.
Common Grammatical Errors in Written Discourse of EFL Iraqi Learners
Authors: Al-shammery Doaa Faris , Huesiani Azar , Shahriari Hesamoddin
Published: May 2020

The current study was an attempt to explore the common grammatical errors in written discourse of EFL Iraqi learners across gender. To this end, five male and five female Iraqi EFL academic learners with the same proficiency level were randomly selected. The participants were supposed to write a descriptive composition on a common topic.  Findings showed Iraqi EFL learners made various errors in the following categories including tenses, prepositions, articles, active and passive voice, verbs and morphological error. It has been  found that most of these errors caused by the effect of grammatical and linguistic system of participants’ first language on their written production of the target language.
Restauração de uma Área de Preservação Permanente em Tangará da Serra – MT com base no Método Custo de Reposição
Authors: Andrade Ana Paula Silva de , Correio Cleci Grzebieluckas
Published: May 2020

Brazilian law considers areas around watercourses as Áreas de Preservação Permanente (APP) (Permanent Preservation Areas), which should be restored in case of degradation. This study aimed to present a plant recovery model based on Replacement Cost Method for an 11.7 hectares PPA, near the Water Treatment Station (WTS) of Tangará da Serra - MT. The research presents an applied nature, quantitative approach and structured script as a collection instrument, analyzed through the Replacement Cost Method (RCM), in order to estimate the recovery costs. The environmental diagnosis of the area showed the need for densified planting, at an estimated cost of R$ 24,492.00, with the greatest cost impact concentrated in implementation phase.
Mapping of cisterns and water quality analysis at the Nova Assunção settlement in Aracoiaba, Ceará
Authors: Brito Antônio Patrick Meneses de , Sousa Manuel Pereira de , Aguiar Luzia Luziene de Castro , Pinto Olienaide Ribeiro de Oliveira , Pinto Ciro de Miranda , Salles Maria Gorete Flores
Published: May 2020

The work aimed at mapping cisterns and analyzing water quality in the Nova Assunção settlement located in the semi-arid region of Aracoiaba, Ceará. The delimitation of the study area and the manipulation of the cartographic data were performed with the ArcMap 10.3 program. The Global Positioning System (GPS), the Garmim 76scx model, obtained the geographic location of each cistern. A semi-structured questionnaire on the use of water and ways of handling in cisterns was applied in the study area. Six physical- chemical parameters were evaluated in the water: temperature, turbidity, hydrogen ion potential (pH), total dissolved solids (STD), electrical conductivity (EC) and apparent color. Seventeen cisterns were mapped, of which 100% is used for human consumption, 76.5% of which had no protective screen. In the water analysis, inadequacy was observed for the parameters apparent color, EC, turbidity, and pH. In four cisterns, there was 50% irregularity in the attributes. Thus, the mapped cisterns are an an indispensable alternative for the storage and guarantee of water in the settled community, however, some hygiene measures are necessary to improve the use, since the highest destination of water corresponds to human consumption followed by domestic use.
Terrorist propaganda on the Internet
Authors: Dostić Siniša , Vidaković Dragana
Published: May 2020

The exchange of large amount of data contributed to making information technologies an integral part of the modern world, often shaping public opinion, whether through its using, or abusing. In such a sense, modern terrorism uses or abuses various possibilities of information technologies, especially Internet, for the promotion of its own activities, as well as for the recruitment. Internet usage made the eradiation of terrorism propaganda such an easy task, so Internet practically became overwhelmed by it. Attitudes and threats expressed by terrorists that put their opponents under serious pressure, as well as recruitment of new members has contributed to to an increase in the number of terrorist groups that abuse the Internet for media purposes. Additional problems stem from the impossibility of their effective and timely control in a bid to prevent abuse aimed at terrorist propaganda, but also from the fact that most propaganda activities can neither be prevented nor limited in time, since such preventions and limitations infringe human rights, such as freedom of expression, religion and others. Since propaganda itself is not prohibited, the use of propaganda for promotion, financing, recruitment, training and commission of terrorism purposes is characterized as a criminal offense. In accordance with the European legislation, in order to provide evidence of incitement to terrorism, the connection between intent and direct causality has to be specified between the alleged propaganda, actual conspiracy or commission of terrorist acts. In this regard, the aim of this paper is to point out to danger of terrorist propaganda on the Internet, as well as to its types of manifestations (symbols) in an attempt to identify it in a timely manner and to curtail it in an adequate way.
Editorial: The impact of technology on certain historiographic issues
Authors: Rodriguez Granell Ana
Published: May 2020

It gives us great pleasure to present the 23rd issue of the magazine as a heterogeneous collection that brings together selected articles submitted in response to three different calls for contributions. On the one hand, we bring the volume focusing on media archaeology to a close with this second series of texts. The section on Digital Humanities also comprises an interesting series of contributions related to the 3rd Congress of the International Society of Hispanic Digital Humanities. The last section of this issue brings together another set of articles submitted in response to the magazine’s regular call for contributions, including different perspectives on issues that fall within the magazine’s scope of interest.

All the sections and research contained here are unavoidably disparate from each other, yet, when taken as a whole, the reader will realise that there is a common thread throughout this issue, focusing on the impact of certain technologies have had on the way we view the past. The historical scope of technologies does not only operate in a single direction, but rather throughout time in its entirety.
Raquel Xalabarder
Authors: Porta Laura , Albadalejo Carlos
Published: May 2020

Entrevista a Raquel Xalabarder.
Legal regulation of the work of tour guides, guides-interpreters and guides-instructors: the experience of the constituent entities if the Russian Federation and prospects for federal regulation
Authors: Savichev Aleksei
Published: May 2020

The subject of this research is the legal norms regulating the work of tour guides, guides-interpreters and guides-instructors in the Russian Federation. The author analyzes the positions of the Federal Law of 11.24.1996 No.132-FZ “On the Basics of Tourism in the Russian Federation” and draft Federal Law No.864169-7 “On Amendments to Separate Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation for the Purposes of Improving Legal Regulation of Tour guides, Guides-Interpreters and Guides-Instructors”, as well as regional normative legal acts, establishing requirements on mandatory of voluntary accreditation of these specialist in particular constituent entities if the Russian Federation. The author concludes that the systems existing in the separate constituent entities if the Russian Federation for accreditation of tour guides, guides-interpreters and guides-instructors require improvements. Solution of the problem is seen in organization of the work of the aforementioned subjects of the tourism industry by establishing uniform legal regulation on the federal level. The result of the analysis of the draft Federal Law No.864169-7 produced a number of proposals aimed at improving separate aspect of legal regulation of the work tour guides, guides-interpreters and guides-instructor.
To the question of efficiency of disciplinary responsibility within the system of public service
Authors: Dobrobaba Marina Borisovna
Published: May 2020

The subject of this research is the problem of efficiency of disciplinary responsibility within the system of public service. The practice of implementation of the institution of disciplinary responsibility testifies to the fact that the indexes of calling public officials to a disciplinary account in the recent years remain at stable high level, which in turn requires clarification of the causes for such position and determination of ways to eliminate them. The goal of this study consists in the theoretical comprehension of the category of “efficiency” applicable to legal provision of disciplinary responsibility within the system of public service, as well as identification of the components of efficiency of disciplinary responsibility and criteria for assessing efficiency of this legal institution. Operating under the target concept of efficiency of legal responsibility, a conclusion is made that efficiency of disciplinary responsibility within the system of public service represents a legal category that reflects correlation between the result of disciplinary responsibility and its goals by achieving positive impact upon public service relations. It is determined that the components of efficiency of disciplinary responsibility within the system of public service are: efficiency of legal regulation and efficiency of law enforcement practice. The factors impacting the efficiency components include the following: legal consciousness, and legal culture of public servants, and subjects of disciplinary jurisdiction, as well as the state of service discipline within the government apparatus. Assessment of the efficiency of disciplinary responsibility of public servants should be based on criteria such as actual efficiency, substantiation, reasonableness, and usefulness.
Translational control of one-carbon metabolism underpins ribosomal protein phenotypes in cell division and longevity
Authors: Maitra Nairita , He Chong , Blank Heidi M , Tsuchiya Mitsuhiro , Schilling Birgit , Kaeberlein Matt , Aramayo Rodolfo , Kennedy Brian K , Polymenis Michael
Published: May 2020

A long-standing problem is how cells that lack one of the highly similar ribosomal proteins (RPs) often display distinct phenotypes. Yeast and other organisms live longer when they lack specific ribosomal proteins, especially of the large 60S subunit of the ribosome. However, longevity is neither associated with the generation time of RP deletion mutants nor with bulk inhibition of protein synthesis. Here, we queried actively dividing RP mutants through the cell cycle. Our data link transcriptional, translational, and metabolic changes to phenotypes associated with the loss of paralogous RPs. We uncovered translational control of transcripts encoding enzymes of methionine and serine metabolism, which are part of one-carbon (1C) pathways. Cells lacking Rpl22Ap, which are long-lived, have lower levels of metabolites associated with 1C metabolism. Loss of 1C enzymes increased the longevity of wild type cells. 1C pathways exist in all organisms and targeting the relevant enzymes could represent longevity interventions.
Pull-push neuromodulation of cortical plasticity enables rapid bi-directional shifts in ocular dominance
Authors: Hong Su Z , Huang Shiyong , Severin Daniel , Kirkwood Alfredo
Published: May 2020

Neuromodulatory systems are essential for remodeling glutamatergic connectivity during experience-dependent cortical plasticity. This permissive/enabling function of neuromodulators has been associated with their capacity to facilitate the induction of Hebbian forms of long-term potentiation (LTP) and depression (LTD) by affecting cellular and network excitability. In vitro studies indicate that neuromodulators also affect the expression of Hebbian plasticity in a pull-push manner: receptors coupled to the G-protein Gs promote the expression of LTP at the expense of LTD, and Gq-coupled receptors promote LTD at the expense of LTP. Here we show that pull-push mechanisms can be recruited in vivo by pairing brief monocular stimulation with pharmacological or chemogenetical activation of Gs- or Gq-coupled receptors to respectively enhance or reduce neuronal responses in primary visual cortex. These changes were stable, inducible in adults after the termination of the critical period for ocular dominance plasticity, and can rescue deficits induced by prolonged monocular deprivation.
R-spondins engage heparan sulfate proteoglycans to potentiate WNT signaling
Authors: Dubey Ramin , van Kerkhof Peter , Jordens Ingrid , Malinauskas Tomas , Pusapati Ganesh V , McKenna Joseph K , Li Dan , Carette Jan E , Ho Mitchell , Siebold Christian , Maurice Madelon , Lebensohn Andres M , Rohatgi Rajat
Published: May 2020

R-spondins (RSPOs) amplify WNT signaling during development and regenerative responses. We previously demonstrated that RSPOs 2 and 3 potentiate WNT/β-catenin signaling in cells lacking leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptors (LGRs) 4, 5 and 6 (Lebensohn and Rohatgi, 2018). We now show that heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) act as alternative co-receptors for RSPO3 using a combination of ligand mutagenesis and ligand engineering. Mutations in RSPO3 residues predicted to contact HSPGs impair its signaling capacity. Conversely, the HSPG-binding domains of RSPO3 can be entirely replaced with an antibody that recognizes heparan sulfate (HS) chains attached to multiple HSPGs without diminishing WNT-potentiating activity in cultured cells and intestinal organoids. A genome-wide screen for mediators of RSPO3 signaling in cells lacking LGRs 4, 5 and 6 failed to reveal other receptors. We conclude that HSPGs are RSPO co-receptors that potentiate WNT signaling in the presence and absence of LGRs.
Drosophila SWR1 and NuA4 complexes are defined by DOMINO isoforms
Authors: Scacchetti Alessandro , Schauer Tamas , Reim Alexander , Apostolou Zivkos , Campos Sparr Aline , Krause Silke , Heun Patrick , Wierer Michael , Becker Peter B
Published: May 2020

Histone acetylation and deposition of H2A.Z variant are integral aspects of active transcription. In Drosophila, the single DOMINO chromatin regulator complex is thought to combine both activities via an unknown mechanism. Here we show that alternative isoforms of the DOMINO nucleosome remodeling ATPase, DOM-A and DOM-B, directly specify two distinct multi-subunit complexes. Both complexes are necessary for transcriptional regulation but through different mechanisms. The DOM-B complex incorporates H2A.V (the fly ortholog of H2A.Z) genome-wide in an ATP-dependent manner, like the yeast SWR1 complex. The DOM-A complex, instead, functions as an ATP-independent histone acetyltransferase complex similar to the yeast NuA4, targeting lysine 12 of histone H4. Our work provides an instructive example of how different evolutionary strategies lead to similar functional separation. In yeast and humans, nucleosome remodeling and histone acetyltransferase complexes originate from gene duplication and paralog specification. Drosophila generates the same diversity by alternative splicing of a single gene.
Impact of cost distance and habitat fragmentation on the daily path length of Rhinopithecus bieti
Authors: Li Cong , Zhao Xumao , Li Dayong , Garber Paul Alan , Xiang Zuofu , Li Ming , Pan Huijuan
Published: May 2020

An understanding of primate movement patterns in response to natural and anthropogenically induced changes in habitat heterogeneity, food availability, and plant species distribution is essential for developing effective management and conservation programs. Therefore, from July 2013 to June 2014, we examined the effects of landscape configuration on the ranging behavior (daily path length, DPL) of the Endangered Yunnan snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus bieti) in the Baimaxueshan National Nature Reserve (27°34′N, 99°17′E) in Gehuaqing, China. Given the extreme difficulties in following the study group across high altitude mountainous terrain across an elevation of 2,500–4,000 m, we were only able to collect DPL using 3-4 GPS points per day on 21 individual days. We found that R. bieti traveled the shortest DPL in winter (1,141.31 m), followed by spring (2,034.06 m) and autumn (2,131.19 m). The cost distance, a statistical tool designed to estimate the difficulty of a species moving across its distributional range, was lowest in autumn (205.47), followed by spring (225.93) and winter (432.59) (one-way ANOVA: F = 3.852, P = 0.026, df = 2). The habitat fragmentation index (HFI), which measures the density of forest patches, indicated areas visited in the winter were more fragmented (HFI = 2.16) compared to spring (HFI = 1.83) or autumn (HFI = 1.3). Although our results should be considered preliminary, they suggest that both the availability of suitable travel routes and habitat fragmentation, driven by high-intensity human disturbance, constrain the movement of R. bieti. We found that undisturbed areas of the bands’ range contained a high density of lichens, which represent a nutritious and abundant and year-round food source for Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys. In order to protect this Endangered species, we recommend that researchers construct detailed maps of landscape heterogeneity, particularly habitat connectivity, forest fragmentation, and seasonal variation in the location of major food patches in order to better understand and mitigate the effects of seasonal habitat change on patterns of R. bieti habitat utilization and population viability.
A new species of freshwater crab of the genus Qianguimon Huang, 2018 (Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae) from Guangxi, Southern China
Authors: Wang Song-Bo , Zhang Ya-Nan , Zou Jie-Xin
Published: May 2020

A new species of freshwater crab of the genus Qianguimon Huang, 2018, is described from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, southern China. It can be distinguished from congeners by the following characters: male first gonopods bent inward at about 45° at base of terminal segment, carapace regions distinct and rugged and the female vulva opening inwards and downwards. In addition, molecular evidence derived from the 16S rRNA gene supported the species described in this study as a new species of Qianguimon.
THE INFLUENCE OF INFLATION RATE, EXCHANGE RATE, CORRUPTION CONTROL, AND POLITICAL STABILITY TO INDONESIAN GOVERNMENT BOND YIELD
Authors: Tjandrasa Benny Budiawan , Ariwibowo Agus , Jewarut Rofinus
Published: May 2020

As a developing country that still has to develop in all fields and to maintain its economic development, the Indonesian government requires significant funds for development. To fulfill the lack of funds obtained from the tax, the Indonesian government sells bonds. Indonesia's 10-year government bonds are known as Surat Utang Negara (or abbreviated as SUN). This study aims to confirm whether the inflation rate, exchange rate, political stability, and corruption control affect the yield of SUN. The research uses descriptive methods and explanatory studies with secondary data based on systematic sampling of periods chosen from January 2013 to December 2019. Multivariate regression equation models were used with a significance level of 5% for the t-test. The conclusions are: partially and simultaneously inflation rate, exchange rate, control corruption, and political stability have a significant effect on the Indonesian Government Bond. This research found that deteriorating political stability and control corruption would cause government bond yields to increase