bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of Public Libraries in Bridging the Digital Divide
Authors: Ofua Owajeme Justice , Emiri Ogochukwu Thaddaeus
Published: December 2012

This paper reviews the role of public libraries in bridging the digital divide in Delta State. It calls for the adoption of appropriate infrastructure and other innovative measures like introduction of appropriate computer related programmes in schools, encouraging citizenry to pick up carrier in the area of science and technology, embanking on enlightenment and awareness programmes and setting up regional/local information resource centers by government especially through the use of the internet also, the challenges of digital divide was revealed. The work concludes that unless appropriate measures are taken in Delta State and Nigeria generally they will be relegated to the background in this knowledge age.
Perceptions and Attitude of Students in Relation to Vandalism in University Libraries in South-South Zone of Nigeria
Authors: Ofua Owajeme Justice , Emiri Ogochukwu Thaddaeus
Published: December 2012

This study was conducted in December 2010 to find out students perception and attitude toward vandalism in the library. To gather the required information, a questionnaire was distributed to 1400 randomly selected students of university libraries in the South-South zone of Nigeria out of which 718 responded. Results of their responses revealed that vandalism of library materials in the form of theft, mutilation and hiding of books and journals, is largely regarded as a form of academic survival, this makes student to put up “I Don’t care” attitude to library materials. The major causes of vandalism of library materials include limited library collections; restrictions in the use of some materials; number and duration of loans; insufficient number of copies of recommended textbooks; unaffordable cost of personal textbooks; high cost of photocopying as well as peer-influence. Amongst others, researchers recommend the following: training and retraining programme for users, extension of loan period; adequate funding; robust security measures and punishment of offenders.
ICT Readiness of Higher Institution Libraries in Nigeria
Authors: Tiemo Pereware A. , Edewor Nelson
Published: December 2012

This article surveys the Information Communication Technology (ICT) readiness of higher institution libraries in Delta State, Nigeria. By means of questionnaires and observation techniques, data were collected from the higher institution libraries. Frequency counts and percentages were used to analyze the data generated. Findings revealed the higher institution libraries ICT demographics, available ICT facilities and equipment, critical service areas automated in these libraries, as well as constraints to ICT use to include poor funding, inadequate skilled manpower, non reliability of electricity supply, inadequate technical support, and poor implementation of policies and lack of maintenance. The study concludes that higher institution libraries in Delta State, Nigeria, are yet to fully embrace ICT in library and information service delivery. Some recommendations that can facilitate the use of ICT in these libraries were also set forth.
A Presentation-Preserved Compositional Approach for Integrating Heterogeneous Systems
Authors: Yang Fang-Chuan Ou
Published: December 2012

In traditional SCW environments, related web services are integrated into business processes. Web service still brings less than expected benefits to small corporations and end-users for two reasons: 1) the web service only focuses on data level and is difficult to implement the presentation-centric business contexts. 2) The small corporations and end-users usually do not have enough IT competences to write a client or user interface to interact with web service(s). In order to solve these problems, the author proposes a presentation-preserved compositional approach for service-oriented architecture (PCSOA), which extends the existing data-oriented compositional approaches for web services to provide a more flexible methodology to orchestrate both data level and presentation level services during the workflow integration. A prototype is also built to validate the feasibility of the approach.
Profiling Online Political Content Creators
Authors: Bachmann Ingrid , Correa Teresa , Gil de Zúñiga Homero
Published: December 2012

The Internet has allowed digital media users to be more than just consumers of political information, allowing the chance to create their own online political content. Thus, users can now create personal blogs, post comments on others’ blogs, contribute with citizen news, and upload their videos about current events and public affairs. Drawing from sociological and psychological frameworks, this study explores the socio-demographic and psychological characteristics of online political content creators and the effects of this behavior for the political and civic spheres. A survey of U.S. adults reveals that income and age are negatively correlated with political content creation, as well as emotional stability and life satisfaction, while extraversion was positively related. Further, the creation of political content was a positive predictor of political participation and civic engagement, even after controlling for demographics, psychological factors, media use and trust, suggesting a positive linkage between the production of online political content and both political and civic participatory practices.
Adoption Process for VoIP
Authors: Esteva-Armida Eduardo , Rubio-Sanchez Alberto
Published: December 2012

This study tests the appropriateness of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model in the context of end user consumption by means of an online survey with four hundred and seventy five respondents (24% response rate). The study shows which factors have the greatest impact on the adoption process of VoIP technology in the US market in addition to the interactions of the main variables in the model (Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Social Influence, and Behavioral Intention to Adopt) using Partial Least Squares (PLS). The model includes four moderator variables (Gender, Age, Experience, and Voluntariness of Use). The results of this study can be found further in the article.
Reducing Information Asymmetry in Cloud Marketplaces
Authors: Stantchev Vladimir , Tamm Gerrit
Published: December 2012

Cloud Computing is emerging as a predominant paradigm for obtaining and providing computing functionality in the enterprise. Organizations that are planning to use cloud computing offerings struggle with the question “How do I choose the right offering?” Cloud offerings exhibit a variety of pricing models and different levels of service and functionality. In this article the authors define first Cloud Computing in the context of IT Governance. Then they set criteria to compare different offerings at the level of Software-as-a-Service (SaaS). This is an important precondition for the reduction of the verifiable information asymmetry and uncertainty in the cloud market. Besides deficiencies on the supply side, regarding configuration, display and communication of service bundles, the limited knowledge of potential buyers is main reason for the modest adoption. The authors apply strategies derived from information economics to reduce this asymmetry by integrating information substitutes in the service marketplace description, thereby transforming experience and credence qualities into search qualities.
Educational Games and IT Professionals
Authors: Minovic Miroslav , Štavljanin Velimir , Milovanovic Miloš
Published: December 2012

In this paper the authors will give a perspective on educational games application in the field of IT. Main topic of this research will be capacity for applying modern information technologies for developing game-based learning platform. During analysis, they found that more research is needed in order to improve application of games in education of IT professionals. At first place, researches should cover listed problems: how to design educative games in order to achieve better learning effects; how to develop software tools to automate educative game development process; and establish methods and techniques for knowledge and skills assessment utilizing educative games.
Tuberculosis of the Testis: A case Report
Authors: Shugaba A.I. , Rabiu A.M. , Uzokwe C. , Matthew R.M.
Published: December 2012

A 45-year-old man visited our clinic with a painless swelling of the left scrotum and an ulcer as chief complaints. A hard and indurated mass was palpable with ulcerating foci that were proximal and distal, measuring 3 × 2 cm and 2 × 1 cm respectively and about 2 cm apart. Laboratory data were normal except for an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and white blood cell (WBC) differential showed neutropenia and lymphocytosis. A diagnosis of left testicular tumor was made and the patient had a left orchidectomy with fistulectomy. Histopathology results showed a stratified squamous epithelium with tuberculous granuloma and necrotic caseation. Patient is currently on anti-tubercular medication. The rarity of this condition makes these findings important to report.
Sheaves on Subanalytic Sites
Authors: Prelli Luca
Published: December 2012

In [7] the authors introduced the notion of ind-sheaves and defined the six Grothendieck operations in this framework. As a byproduct, they obtained subanalytic sheaves and the six Grothendieck operations on them. The aim of this paper is to give a direct construction of the six Grothendieck operations in the framework of subanalytic sites avoiding the heavy machinery of ind-sheaves. As an application, we show how to recover the subanalytic sheaves _O_t and _O_w of temperate and Whitney holomorphic functions respectively.
Some Fixed Points Theorems for Multi-Valued Weakly Uniform Increasing Operators
Authors: Altun Ishak , Turkoglu Duran
Published: December 2012

In the present work, we introduce the concept of weakly uniform increasing operators on an ordered spaces. We also give some common fixed point theorems for a pair of multivalued weakly uniform increasing operators in partially ordered metric space and in partially ordered Banach space.
Relations in the Canonical Algebras on Surfaces
Authors: Konno Kazuhiro
Published: December 2012

The degree bound for primitive generators and relations of the canonical ring of a minimal surface of general type are studied via Green‚Äôs Koszul cohomology, assuming that the fixed part of the canonical linear system does not contain any Francia cycles. Slight refinements of the results due to Ciliberto and Reid are given.
Etude du Spectre Pour Certains Noyaux sur un Arbre
Authors: Kellil Ferdaous , Rousseau Guy
Published: December 2012

We study in this paper the spectrum of some kernels acting on a locally finite tree, in particular those associated to an isotropic random walk on the tree with jumps of length 0, 1 or 2. Such a kernel is a function
R
on
S_×_S
where
S
is the set of vertices of the tree, it acts on
lr
(
S
). We always assume the kernel
R
to be invariant under the action of a group Λ of authomorphisms almost transitive on
S
. This work generalizes results of A. Figa Talamanca and T. Steger who deal with homogeneous trees and a fixed group Λ, simply transitive on
S
; it shows the diversity of the spectrum depending on the invariance group.
Finitely Presented Modules over Right Non-Singular Rings
Authors: Albrecht Ulrich
Published: December 2012

This paper charactyerizes the right non-singular rings

R

for which

M/Z(M)

is projective whenever

M

is a cyclically (finitely) presented module. Several related results investigate right semi-hereditary rings.
Automorphisms Fixing Every Normal Subgroup of a Nilpotent-by-Abelian Group
Authors: Endimioni Gérard
Published: December 2012

Among other things, we prove that the group of automorphisms fixing every normal subgroup of a (nilpotent of class

c

)-by-abelian group is (nilpotent of class

≤ c

)-by-metabelian. In particular, the group of automorphisms fixing every normal subgroup of a metabelian group is soluble of derived length at most

3

. An example shows that this bound cannot be improved.
Hölder Type Estimates for the $\overline\partial$-Equation in Strongly Pseudoconvex Domains
Authors: Ahn Heungju , Cho Hong Rae , Park Jong-Do
Published: December 2012

In this paper we generalize the Hölder space with a majorant function, define its order, and prove the existence and regularity for the solutions of the Cauchy-Riemann equation in the generalized Hölder space over a bounded strongly pseudoconvex domain.
Right Sided Ideals and Multilinear Polynomials with Derivation on Prime Rings
Authors: Dhara Basudeb , Sharma Rajendra K.
Published: December 2012

Let

R

be an associative prime ring of

\mathrm{char} \ R \ne 2

with center

Z(R)

and extended centroid

C

,

f(x_1, ...,x_n)

a nonzero multilinear polynomial over

C

in

n

noncommuting variables,

d

a nonzero derivation of

R

and

ρ

a nonzero right ideal of

R

. We prove that: (i) if

[d^2(f(x_1, ...,x_n)),f(x_1, ...,x_n)] = 0

for all

x_1, ...,x_n \in ρ

, then

ρC = eRC

for some idempotent element

e

in the socle of

RC

and

f(x_1, ...,x_n)

is central-valued in

eRCe

unless

d

is an inner derivation induced by

b \in Q

such that

b^2 = 0

and

bρ = 0

; (ii) if

[d^2(f(x_1, ...,x_n)), f(x_1, ...,x_n)] \in Z(R)

for all

x_1, ...,x_n \in ρ

, then

ρC=eRC

for some idempotent element

e

in the socle of

RC

and either

f(x_1, ...,x_n)

is central in

eRCe

or

eRCe

satisfies the standard identity

S_4(x_1,x_2,x_3,x_4)

unless

d

is an inner derivation induced by

b\in Q

such that

b^2 = 0

and

bρ = 0

.
Sectional Invariants of Scroll over a Smooth Projective Variety
Authors: Fukuma Yoshiaki
Published: December 2012

Let

X

be a smooth complex variety of dimension

n

and let

\mathcal E

be an ample vector bundle of rank

r

on

X

. Then we calculate the

i

th sectional Euler number

e_i(\mathbb P_X(\mathcal E),H(\mathcal E))

for

i ≥ 2n - 3

or

i = 1

, and the

i

th sectional Hodge number of type

(j,i - j) h^{j, i-j}(\mathbb P_X(\mathcal E),H(\mathcal E))

for

i ≥ 2n - 1

and

0 ≤ j ≤ i

, where

\mathbb P_X(\mathcal E)

is the projective space bundle associated with

\mathcal E

and

H(\mathcal E)

is its tautological line bundle. Moreover we define a new invariant

v(X,\mathcal E)

of

(X,\mathcal E)

for

r ≥ n - 1

. This invariant is thought to be a generalization of curve genus. We will investigate some properties of this invariant.
Commutativity Criterions Using Normal Subgroup Lattices
Authors: Breaz Simion
Published: December 2012

We prove that a group

G

is Abelian whenever (1) it is nilpotent and the lattice of normal subgroups of

G

is isomorphic to the subgroup lattice of an Abelian group or (2) there exists a non-torsion Abelian group

B

such that the normal subgroup lattice of

B × G

is isomorphic to the subgroup lattice of an Abelian group. Using (2), it is proved that an Abelian group

A

can be determined in the class of all groups by the lattice of all normal subgroups of some groups, e.g. if

A

is an Abelian group and

G

is a group such that

\mathbb Z × A

and

\mathbb Z × G

have isomorphic normal subgroup lattices then

A

and

G

are isomorphic groups.
Generalized Derivations on (Semi-)Prime Rings and Noncommutative Banach Algebras
Authors: Wei Feng , Xiao Zhankui
Published: December 2012

We first give several polynomial identities of semiprime rings which make the additive mappings appearing in the identities to be generalized derivations. Then we study pairs of generalized Jordan derivations on prime rings. Let

m,n

be fixed positive integers,

\mathcal R

be a noncommutative

2(m+n)!

-torsion free prime ring with the center

\mathcal Z

and

μ, ν

be a pair of generalized Jordan derivations on

\mathcal R

. If

μ(x^m)x^n+x^nν(x^m) \in \mathcal Z

for all

x \in \mathcal R

, then

μ

and

ν

are left (or right) multipliers. In particular, if

μ

,

ν

are a pair of derivations on

\mathcal R

satisfying the same assumption, then

μ = ν = 0

. Then applying these purely algebraic result we obtain several range inclusion results of pair of derivations on Banach algebras.
Rigid Two-Step Nilpotent Lie Groups Relative to Multicontact Structures
Authors: Venturi Irene
Published: December 2012

Let

\{X_i,Y_k\}

denote a fixed basis of the Lie algebra

\mathfrak n

of a connected and simply connected nilpotent Lie group

N

of step two. Under a technical assumption on

\{X_i,Y_k\}

, we prove that the Lie algebra

\mathcal M

of vector fields

V

on

N

that satisfy

[V,X_i] = λ_i X_i

is finite dimensional, a property that we refer to as rigidity. Our proof allows the explicit count of

\mathrm{dim}\mathcal M

.
On the Homogeneity of Global Minimizers for the Mumford-Shah Functional when $K$ is a Smooth Cone
Authors: Lemenant Antoine
Published: December 2012

We show that if

(u,K)

is a global minimizer for the Mumford–Shah functional in

\mathbb R^N

, and if

K

is a smooth enough cone, then (modulo constants)

u

is a homogenous function of degree

\frac12

. We deduce some applications in

\mathbb R^3

as for instance that an angular sector cannot be the singular set of a global minimizer, that if

K

is a half-plane then

u

is the corresponding cracktip function of two variables, or that if

K

is a cone that meets

S^2

with an union of

C^∞

curvilinear convex polygones, then it is a

\mathbb P

,

\mathbb Y

or

\mathbb T

.
Cycles and Bipartite Graph on Conjugacy Class of Groups
Authors: Taeri Bijan
Published: December 2012

Let

G

be a finite non abelian group and

B(G)

be the bipartite divisor graph of a finite group related to the conjugacy classes of

G

. We prove that

B(G)

is a cycle if and only if

B(G)

is a cycle of length 6 and

G \simeq A × \mathit{SL}_2(q)

, where

A

is abelian, and

q\in \{4,8\}

. We also prove that if

G/Z(G)

is simple, where

Z(G)

is the center of

G

, then

B(G)

has no cycle of length 4 if and only if

G\simeq A × \mathit{SL}_2(q)

, where

q\in \{4,8\}

.
Notes on Generalized $(\sigma,\tau)$-Derivation
Authors: Gölbași Öznur , Koç Emine
Published: December 2012

Let

R

be a prime ring with

\textit{char} R≠ 2

and let

σ, τ

be automorphisms of

R

. An additive mapping

f: R → R

is called a generalized

(σ, τ)

-derivation if there exists a

(σ, τ)

-derivation

d : R → R

such that

f(xy) = f(x)σ(y)_+τ(x)d(y)

holds for all

x,y\in R

. In this paper some well known results concerning generalized derivations of prime rings are extended to generalized

(σ, τ)

-derivations.
Rad-Supplemented Modules
Authors: Büyükașik Engin , Mermut Engin , Özdemir Salahattin
Published: December 2012

Let

\tau

be a radical for the category of left

R

-modules for a ring

R

. If

M

is a

\tau

-coatomic module, that is, if

M

has no nonzero

\tau

-torsion factor module, then

\tau(M)

is small in

M

. If

V

is a

\tau

-supplement in

M

, then the intersection of

V

and

τ(M)

is

\tau(V)

. In particular, if

V

is a

\mathrm{Rad}

-supplement in

M

, then the intersection of

V

and

\mathrm{Rad}(M)

is

\mathrm{Rad}(V)

. A module

M

is

\tau

-supplemented if and only if the factor module of

M

by

P_\tau(M)

is

\tau

-supplemented where

P_\tau(M)

is the sum of all

\tau

-torsion submodules of

M

. Every left

R

-module is

\mathrm{Rad}

-supplemented if and only if the direct sum of countably many copies of

R

is a

\mathrm{Rad}

-supplemented left

R

-module if and only if every reduced left

R

-module is supplemented if and only if

R/P(R)

is left perfect where

R/P(R)

is the sum of all left ideals

I

of

R

such that

\mathrm{Rad}I = I

. For a left duo ring

R

,

R

is a

\mathrm{Rad}

-supplemented left

R

-module if and only if

R/P(R)

is semiperfect. For a Dedekind domain

R

, an

R

-module

M

is

\mathrm{Rad}

-supplemented if and only if

M/D

is supplemented where

D

is the divisible part of

M

.
Finite Groups in which $\tau$-Quasinormality is a Transitive Relation
Authors: Lukyanenko Vladimir O. , Skiba Alexander N.
Published: December 2012

Let

H

be a subgroup of a finite group

G

. We say that

H

is

\tau

-
quasinormal
in

G

if

HP = PH

for all Sylow

p

-subgroups

P

of

G

such that

(|H|,p) = 1

and

(|H|, |P_G|) \ne 1

. In this article, finite groups in which

\tau

-quasinormality is a transitive relation are described.
The Steiner Problem for Infinitely Many Points
Authors: Paolini Emanuele , Ulivi L.
Published: December 2012

Let

A

be a given compact subset of the euclidean space. We consider the problem of finding a compact connected set

S

of minimal 1- dimensional Hausdorff measure, among all compact connected sets containing

A

. We prove that when

A

is a finite set any minimizer is a finite tree with straight edges, thus recovering the classical Steiner Problem. Analogously, in the case when

A

is countable, we prove that every minimizer is a (possibly) countable union of straight segments.
Stability of Tautological Vector Bundles on Hilbert Squares of Surfaces
Authors: Schlickewei Ulrich
Published: December 2012

We prove stability of rank two tautological bundles on the Hilbert square of a surface (under a mild positivity condition) and compute their Chern classes.
Examples of Threefolds with Kodaira Dimension 1 or 2
Authors: Calabri Alberto , Murakami Masaaki , Stagnaro Ezio
Published: December 2012

We construct three nonsingular threefolds

X

,

X'

and

X''

with vanishing irregularities.

X

has Kodaira dimension

=\kappa(X)=1

and its

m

-canonical transformation

\varphi_{|mK_X|}

has the following property: the minimum integer number

m_0

, such that the dimension of the image

\mathrm{dim} \varphi_{|mK_X|}(X)=\kappa(X)=1

for

m \geq m_0

, is given by

m_0=32

.

X'

and

X''

have Kodaira dimension

\kappa(X')=\kappa(X'')=2

and their

m

-canonical transformations have the properties:

\mathrm{dim}\varphi_{|mK_{X'}|}(X')=\kappa(X')=2

if and only if

m \geq 12

,

\mathrm{dim} \varphi_{|mK_{X''}|}(X'')=\kappa(X'')=2

if and only if

m = 9, 10

or

m \geq 12

.
On the Rarity of Quasinormal Subgroups
Authors: Cossey John , Stonehewer Stewart
Published: December 2012

For each prime

p

and positive integer

n

, Berger and Gross have defined a finite

p

-group

G=HX

, where

H

is a core-free quasinormal subgroup of exponent

p^{n-1}

and

X

is a cyclic subgroup of order

p^n

. These groups are universal in the sense that any other finite

p

-group, with a similar factorisation into subgroups with the same properties, embeds in

G

. In our search for quasinormal subgroups of finite

p

-groups, we have discovered that these groups

G

have remarkably few of them. Indeed when

p

is odd, those lying in

H

can have exponent only

p

,

p^{n-2}

or

p^{n-1}

. Those of exponent

p

are nested and they all lie in each of those of exponent

p^{n-2}

and

p^{n-1}

.
On Quasi-Polarized Manifolds Whose Sectional Genus is Equal to the Irregularity
Authors: Fukuma Yoshiaki
Published: December 2012

Let

(X,L)

be a quasi-polarized manifold of dimension

n

. In our previous paper, we proved that if

\dim X=3

and

h^{0}(L)\geq 2

, then

g(X,L)\geq h^{1}(\mathcal{O}_{X})

holds. Here

g(X,L)

denotes the sectional genus of

(X,L)

. In this paper, we give the classification of quasi-polarized

3

-folds

(X,L)

with

h^{0}(L)\geq 3

and

g(X,L)=h^{1}(\mathcal{O}_{X})

. Moreover as an application of this result, we also give the classification of polarized manifolds

(X,L)

with

\dim \text{Bs}|L|=1

,

h^{0}(L)\geq n

and

g(X,L)=h^{1}(\mathcal{O}_{X})

.
Lie Ideals and Jordan Triple Derivations in Rings
Authors: Hongan Motoshi , ur Rehman Nadeem , Al-Omary Radwan Mohammed
Published: December 2012

In this paper we prove that on a 2-torsion free semiprime ring

R

every Jordan triple (resp. generalized Jordan triple) derivation on Lie ideal

L

is a derivation on

L

(resp. generalized derivation on

L

).
Which Fields Have No Maximal Subrings?
Authors: Azarang A. , Karamzadeh O.A.S.
Published: December 2012

Fields which have no maximal subrings are completely determined. We observe that the quotient fields of non-field domains have maximal subrings. It is shown that for each non-maximal prime ideal

P

in a commutative ring

R

, the ring

R_P

has a maximal subring. It is also observed that if

R

is a commutative ring with

|\mathit{Max}(R)|>2^{\aleph_0}

or

|R/J(R)|>2^{2^{\aleph_0}}

, then

R

has a maximal subring. It is proved that the well-known and interesting property of the field of the real numbers

\mathbb{R}

(i.e.,

\mathbb{R}

has only one nonzero ring endomorphism) is preserved by its maximal subrings. Finally, we characterize submaximal ideals (an ideal

I

of a ring

R

is called submaximal if the ring

R/I

has a maximal subring) in the rings of polynomials in finitely many variables over any ring. Consequently, we give a slight generalization of Hilbert's Nullstellensatz.
On Groups of Odd Order Admitting an Elementary 2-Group of Automorphisms
Authors: Oliveira Karise G. , Shumyatsky Pavel , Sica Carmela
Published: December 2012

Let

G

be a finite group of odd order with derived length

k

. We show that if

G

is acted on by an elementary abelian group

A

of order

2^n

and

C_G(A)

has exponent

e

, then

G

has a normal series

G=G_0\ge T_0\ge G_1\ge T_1\ge\cdots\ge G_n\ge T_n=1

such that the quotients

G_i/T_i

have

\{k,e,n\}

-bounded exponent and the quotients

T_i/G_{i+1}

are nilpotent of

\{k,e,n\}

-bounded class.
Rational Components of Hilbert Schemes
Authors: Lella Paolo , Roggero Margherita
Published: December 2012

The Groebner stratum of a monomial ideal

\mathfrak{j}

is an affine variety that parameterizes the family of all ideals having

\mathfrak{j}

as initial ideal (with respect to a fixed term ordering). The Groebner strata can be equipped in a natural way with a structure of homogeneous variety and are in a close connection with Hilbert schemes of subschemes in the projective space

\mathbf{P}^n

. Using properties of the Groebner strata we prove some sufficient conditions for the rationality of components of

{\mathcal{H}\text{ilb}_{p(z)}^n}

. We show for instance that all the smooth, irreducible components in

{\mathcal{H}\text{ilb}_{p(z)}^n}

(or in its support) and the Reeves and Stillman component

H_{RS}

are rational. We also obtain sufficient conditions for isomorphisms between strata corresponding to pairs of ideals defining a same subscheme, that can strongly improve an explicit computation of their equations.
Star Stability and Star Regularity for Mori Domains
Authors: Gabelli Stefania , Picozza Giampaolo
Published: December 2012

In the last few years, the concepts of stability and Clifford regularity have been fruitful extended by using star operations. In this paper we study and put in relation these properties for Noetherian and Mori domains, substantially improving several results present in the literature.
The Behaviour of Rigid Analytic Functions around Orbits of Elements of $\mathbb{C}_p$
Authors: Achimescu S. , Alexandru V. , Popescu Nicolae , Vâjâitu Marian , Zaharescu Alexandru
Published: December 2012

Given a prime number

p

and the Galois orbit

O(x)

of an element

x

of

\mathbb{C}_p

, the topological completion of the algebraic closure of the field of

p

-adic numbers, we study the behavior of rigid analytic functions around orbits of elements of

\mathbb{C}_p

.
Inertial Automorphisms of an Abelian Group
Authors: Dardano Ulderico , Rinauro Silvana
Published: December 2012

An automorphisms

\gamma

of a group is inertial if

X\cap X^\gamma

has finite index in both

X

and

X^\gamma

for any subgroup

X

. We study inertial automorphisms of abelian groups and give characterization of them. In particular, if the group is periodic they have property that

X^{\langle\gamma\rangle}/X_{\langle\gamma\rangle}

is bounded. We also study finitely generated groups of inertial automorphisms.
Another Look at Connections
Authors: Dumitrescu Florin
Published: December 2012

In this note we make use of some properties of vector fields on a manifold to give an alternate proof to [F. Dumitrescu, Journal of Homotopy and Related Structures, vol 5, no 1 (2010)] for the equivalence between connections and parallel transport on vector bundles over manifolds. Out of the proof will emerge a new approach to connections on a bundle as a consistent way to lift the dynamics of the manifold to the bundle.
$\mathscr{A}$-Schemes and Zariski-Riemann Spaces
Authors: Takagi Satoshi
Published: December 2012

In this paper, we will investigate further properties of

\mathscr{A}

-schemes introduced in [Tak]. The category of

\mathscr{A}

-schemes possesses many properties of the category of coherent schemes, and in addition, it is co-complete and complete. There is the universal compactification, namely, the Zariski–Riemann space in the category of

\mathscr{A}

-schemes. We compare it with the classical Zariski–Riemann space, and characterize the latter by a left adjoint.
Riccati Differential Equation for Hypergeometric Differential Equation
Authors: Nakagawa Takahiro
Published: December 2012

In this paper, we study the solutions of Riccati differential equation corresponding to

p

-adic differential equations which are solvable on the generic disc. As an application, we consider the Grothendieck conjecture for Riccati differential equations. We see that the Riccati differential equations for some globally nilpotent differential equation with coefficients in

\mathbb{Q}(t)

have, for almost all prime, a solution in rational function field over the finite field

\mathbb{F}_p

, but do not have any algebraic solutions.
Analysis of secondary organic aerosol formation and aging using positive matrix factorization of high-resolution aerosol mass spectra: application to the dodecane low-NOx system
Authors: Craven J. S. , Yee L. D. , Ng N. L. , Canagaratna M. R. , Loza C. L. , Schilling K. A. , Yatavelli R. L. N. , Thornton J. A. , Ziemann P. J. , Flagan R. C. , Seinfeld J. H.
Published: December 2012

Abstract. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) of high-resolution laboratory chamber aerosol mass spectra is applied for the first time, the results of which are consistent with molecular level MOVI-HRToF-CIMS aerosol-phase and CIMS gas-phase measurements. Secondary organic aerosol was generated by photooxidation of dodecane under low-NOx conditions in the Caltech environmental chamber. The PMF results exhibit three factors representing a combination of gas-particle partitioning, chemical conversion in the aerosol, and wall deposition. The slope of the measured high-resolution aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) composition data on a Van Krevelen diagram is consistent with that of other low-NOx alkane systems in the same O : C range. Elemental analysis of the PMF factor mass spectral profiles elucidates the combinations of functionality that contribute to the slope on the Van Krevelen diagram.
Implications of all season Arctic sea-ice anomalies on the stratosphere
Authors: Cai D. , Dameris M. , Garny H. , Runde T.
Published: December 2012

Abstract. In this study the impact of a substantially reduced Arctic sea-ice cover on the lower and middle stratosphere is investigated. For this purpose two simulations with fixed boundary conditions (the so-called time-slice mode) were performed with a Chemistry-Climate Model. A reference time-slice with boundary conditions representing the year 2000 is compared to a second sensitivity simulation in which the boundary conditions are identical apart from the polar sea-ice cover, which is set to represent the years 2089–2099. Three features of Arctic air temperature response have been identified which are discussed in detail. Firstly, tropospheric mean polar temperatures increase up to 7 K during winter. This warming is primarily driven by changes in outgoing long-wave radiation. The tropospheric response (e.g. geopotential height anomaly) is in reasonable agreement with similar studies dealing with Arctic sea-ice decrease and the consequences on the troposphere. Secondly, temperatures decrease significantly in the summer stratosphere caused by a decline in outgoing short-wave radiation, accompanied by a slight increase of ozone mixing ratios. Thirdly, there are short periods of statistical significant temperature anomalies in the winter stratosphere probably driven by modified planetary wave activity, but generally there is no clear stratospheric response. The Arctic Oscillation (AO)-index, which is related to the troposphere–stratosphere coupling favours a more neutral state during winter. The only clear stratospheric response can be shown during November. Significant changes in Arctic temperature, meridional eddy heat fluxes and the Arctic Oscillation (AO)-index are detected. In this study the overall stratospheric response to the prescribed sea-ice anomaly is small compared to the tropospheric changes.
Development of the RAQM2 aerosol chemical transport model and predictions of the Northeast Asian aerosol mass, size, chemistry, and mixing type
Authors: Kajino M. , Inomata Y. , Sato K. , Ueda H. , Han Z. , An J. , Katata G. , Deushi M. , Maki T. , Oshima N. , Kurokawa J. , Ohara T. , Takami A. , Hatakeyama S.
Published: December 2012

Abstract. A new aerosol chemical transport model, the Regional Air Quality Model 2 (RAQM2), was developed to simulate the Asian air quality. We implemented a simple version of a triple-moment modal aerosol dynamics model (MADMS) and achieved a completely dynamic (non-equilibrium) solution of a gas-to-particle mass transfer over a wide range of aerosol diameters from 1 nm to super-μm. To consider a variety of atmospheric aerosol properties, a category approach was utilized in which the aerosols were distributed into four categories: particles in the Aitken mode (ATK), soot-free particles in the accumulation mode (ACM), soot aggregates (AGR), and particles in the coarse mode (COR). The aerosol size distribution in each category is characterized by a single mode. The condensation, evaporation, and Brownian coagulations for each mode were solved dynamically. A regional-scale simulation (Δx = 60 km) was performed for the entire year of 2006 covering the Northeast Asian region. The modeled PM1/bulk ratios of the chemical components were consistent with observations, indicating that the simulated aerosol mixing types were consistent with those in nature. The non–sea-salt SO42− mixed with ATK + ACM was the largest at Hedo in summer, whereas the SOSO42− was substantially mixed with AGR in the cold seasons. Ninety-eight percent of the modeled NO3− was mixed with sea salt at Hedo, whereas 53.7% of the NO3− was mixed with sea salt at Gosan, which is located upwind toward the Asian continent. The condensation of HNO3 onto sea salt particles during transport over the ocean accounts for the difference in the NO3− mixing type at the two sites. Because the aerosol mixing type alters the optical properties and cloud condensation nuclei activity, its accurate prediction and evaluation are indispensable for aerosol-cloud-radiation interaction studies.
Detection in the summer polar stratosphere of pollution plume from East Asia and North America by balloon-borne in situ CO measurements
Authors: Krysztofiak G. , Thiéblemont R. , Huret N. , Catoire V. , Té Y. , Jégou F. , Coheur P. F. , Clerbaux C. , Payan S. , Drouin M. A. , Robert C. , Jeseck P. , Attié J.-L. , Camy-Peyret C.
Published: December 2012

Abstract. The SPIRALE and SWIR balloon-borne instruments were launched in the Arctic polar region (near Kiruna, Sweden, 67.9° N–21.1° E) during summer on 7 and 24 August 2009 and on 14 August 2009, respectively. The SPIRALE instrument performed in situ measurements of several trace gases including CO and O3 at altitudes between 9 and 34 km, with very high vertical resolution (∼ 5 m). The SWIR-balloon instrument measured total and partial column of several species including CO. The CO stratospheric profile from SPIRALE for 7 August 2009 shows some specific structures with large concentrations in the low levels (potential temperatures between 320 and 380 K, i.e. 10–14 km height). These structures are not present in the CO vertical profile of SPIRALE for 24 August 2009, for which the volume mixing ratios are typical from polar latitudes (∼ 30 ppb). CO total columns retrieved from the IASI-MetOp satellite sounder for the three dates of flights are used to understand this CO variability. SPIRALE and SWIR CO partial columns between 9 and 34 km are compared, allowing us to confirm that the enhancement of CO is localised in the stratosphere. The measurements are also investigated in terms of CO:O3 correlations and using several modelling approaches (trajectory calculations, potential vorticity fields, results of chemistry transport model) in order to characterize the origin of the air masses sampled. The emission sources are qualified in terms of source type (fires, urban pollution) using NH3 and CO measurements from IASI-MetOp and fires detection from MODIS on board the TERRA/AQUA satellite. The results give strong evidence that the unusual abundance of CO on 7 August is due to surface pollution plumes from East Asia and North America transporting to the upper troposphere and then entering the lower stratosphere by isentropic advection. This study strengthens evidence that the composition of low polar stratosphere in summer may be affected by anthropogenic surface emissions through long-range transport.
Selected topics on the interaction between cirrus clouds and embedded contrails
Authors: Gierens K.
Published: December 2012

Abstract. Persistent contrails and natural cirrus clouds often coexist in the upper troposphere and contrails can be embedded within cirrus clouds. The present paper deals with some questions regarding the interaction of cirrus clouds and embedded contrails. I have selected only questions that can be answered by analytical means. I find that (1) the emission index for water vapour is only slightly changed when an aircraft crosses a cirrus cloud, (2) that contrail formation is not affected by an ambient cirrus, (3) that cirrus ice crystals entrained into the trailing wing tip vortex do not efficiently retard the sublimation of contrail ice crystals, and (4) that cirrus can start to dissolve an embedded contrail after a couple of hours by aggregation.
Radical budget analysis in a suburban European site during the MEGAPOLI summer field campaign
Authors: Michoud V. , Kukui A. , Camredon M. , Colomb A. , Borbon A. , Miet K. , Aumont B. , Beekmann M. , Durand-Jolibois R. , Perrier S. , Zapf P. , Siour G. , Ait-Helal W. , Locoge N. , Sauvage S. , Afif C. , Gros V. , Furger M. , Ancellet G. , Doussin J. F.
Published: December 2012

Abstract. Chemical Ionisation Mass Spectrometer measurements of hydroxyl radical (OH) and the sum of hydroperoxy and organic peroxy (HO2+RO2) radicals were conducted during the MEGAPOLI summer field campaign at the SIRTA observatory near Paris, France, in July 2009. OH and (HO2+RO2) showed a typical diurnal variation with averaged daytime maxima values around 5×106 and 1.2×108 molecule cm−3, respectively. Simultaneously, a large number of ancillary measurements, such as NOx, O3, HONO, HCHO and other VOCs were also conducted. These data provide an opportunity to assess our understanding of the radical chemistry in a suburban environment by comparing the radical observations to calculations. First, OH mixing ratios were estimated by a simple Photo Stationary State (PSS) calculation. PSS calculations overestimate the OH mixing ratio by 50%, especially at NOx mixing ratios lower than 10 ppb, suggesting that some loss processes were missing in the calculation at low NOx. Then, a photochemical box model simulation based on the Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM) and constrained by ancillary measurements was run to calculate radical concentrations. Three different modelling procedures were tested, varying the way the unconstrained secondary species were estimated, to cope with the unavoidable lack of their measurements. They led to significant differences in simulated radical concentrations. OH and (HO2+RO2) concentrations estimated by two selected model version were compared with measurements. These versions of the model were chosen because they lead, respectively, to the higher and lower simulated radical concentrations and are thus the two extremes versions. The box model showed better results than PSS calculations, with a slight overestimation of 12% and 5%, for OH and (HO2+RO2) respectively, in average for the reference model, and an overestimation of approximately 20% for OH and an underestimation for (HO2+RO2) for the other selected model version. Thus, we can conclude from our study that OH and (HO2+RO2) radical levels agree on average with observations within the uncertainty range. Finally, an analysis of the radical budget, on a daily basis (06:00–18:00 UTC), indicates that HONO photolysis (~35%), O3 photolysis (~23%), and aldehydes and ketones photolysis (~16% for formaldehyde and 18% for others) are the main radical initiation pathways. According to the MCM modelling, the reactions of RO2 with NO2 (~19%), leading mainly to PAN formation, is a significant termination pathway in addition to the main net loss via reaction of OH with NO2 (~50%).
THEMIS observations of plasma transport via eddy diffusion
Authors: Izutsu T. , Fujimoto M.
Published: December 2012

Abstract. We provide an event study of THEMIS observations of the low-latitude boundary layer in the dayside magnetosphere. Simultaneous multipoint observations obtained on 5 December 2008 show that the magnetosheath-like plasma in the low-latitude boundary layer is transferred earthward from the magnetopause. This earthward transport is accompanied by decrease in the density and fluctuating bulk flow. We calculate the eddy diffusion coefficients, which can be estimated from the observed velocity data, and found that the numbers are in good quantitative agreement with the spatial and time scales of the observed earthward transport signatures. It is shown that other possible plasma transport processes such as convection or diffusion induced by plasma wave turbulence are inconsistent with the observations. Our study strongly suggests that the observed transport is due to diffusive transport via turbulent eddy motions as is the case of an ordinary (Navier–Stokes) fluid.
A balanced water layer concept for subglacial hydrology in large scale ice sheet models
Authors: Goeller S. , Thoma M. , Grosfeld K. , Miller H.
Published: December 2012

Abstract. There is currently no doubt about the existence of a wide-spread hydrological network under the Antarctic ice sheet, which lubricates the ice base and thus leads to increased ice velocities. Consequently, ice models should incorporate basal hydrology to obtain meaningful results for future ice dynamics and their contribution to global sea level rise. Here, we introduce the balanced water layer concept, covering two prominent subglacial hydrological features for ice sheet modeling on a continental scale: the evolution of subglacial lakes and balance water fluxes. We couple it to the thermomechanical ice-flow model RIMBAY and apply it to a synthetic model domain inspired by the Gamburtsev Mountains, Antarctica. In our experiments we demonstrate the dynamic generation of subglacial lakes and their impact on the velocity field of the overlaying ice sheet, resulting in a negative ice mass balance. Furthermore, we introduce an elementary parametrization of the water flux–basal sliding coupling and reveal the predominance of the ice loss through the resulting ice streams against the stabilizing influence of less hydrologically active areas. We point out, that established balance flux schemes quantify these effects only partially as their ability to store subglacial water is lacking.
Influence of Software Upgrade on Detection of Localized Nerve Fiber Defects with the RTVue Optical Coherence Tomograph in Glaucoma
Authors: Naghizadeh Farzaneh , Holló Gábor
Published: December 2012

Purpose

To investigate the influence of a software version upgrade of the RTVue-100 Fourier-domain optical coherence tomograph (RTVue-OCT) on the detection of localized retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) defects in glaucoma.

Case Report

In software version 4.0 of RTVue-OCT 16, 22.5°-sized RNFL sectors are compared to the normative database, respectively, while in the 6.3 version, 8 45°-sized RNFL sectors are investigated and compared to the same normative database. We investigated data of 56 glaucomatous eyes with one or more localized RNFL defects found using software version 4.0, and reanalyzed them using software version 6.3. A corresponding localized visual field defect was seen for all localized RNFL defects. We found 37 RNFL defects which extended to only one 22.5°-sized sector surrounded by an area labeled as within normal limits. Six of them (3 classified as borderline and 3 as outside normal limits by software version 4.0) were classified as within normal limits when they were analyzed with software version 6.3. The other 31 focal RNFL defects and all wider localized RNFL defects which extended to 2 neighboring 22.5°-sized sectors were detected with both software versions.

Conclusions

A software upgrade of the RTVue-OCT, which doubles the size and reduces the number of RNFL sectors, decreases the probability of detection of narrow focal RNFL defects in glaucoma. RTVue-OCT users need to know this, and in order to detect localized RNFL thinning in glaucoma they should rely on other features of the report.
A Probabilistic Approach to Computerized Tracking of Arterial Walls in Ultrasound Image Sequences
Authors: Kanber Baris , Ramnarine Kumar Vids
Published: December 2012

Tracking of arterial walls in ultrasound image sequences is useful for studying the dynamics of arteries. Manual delineation is prohibitively labour intensive and existing methods of computerized segmentation are limited in terms of applicability and availability. This paper presents a probabilistic approach to the computerized tracking of arterial walls that is effective and easy to implement. In the probabilistic approach, given a point B with a probability Pb of being in an arterial lumen of interest, the probability Pa that a neighbouring point A is also a part of the same lumen is proportional to Pb with a Gaussian fall in probability with increasing grayscale contrast between the two points. Efficacy of the probabilistic algorithm was evaluated by testing it on ultrasound images and image sequences of the carotid arteries and the abdominal aorta and various laboratory, ultrasound test objects. The results showed that the probabilistic algorithm produced robust and effective lumen segmentation in the majority of cases encountered. Comparison with a conventional region growing technique based on intensity thresholding with a running, regional intensity average identified the main benefits of the probabilistic approach as increased immunity to speckle noise within the arterial lumen and a reduced susceptibility to region overflowing at boundary imperfections.
sTREM-1 as a Prognostic Marker of Postoperative Complications in Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Golovkin A. S. , Matveeva V. G. , Grigoriev E. V. , Shukevich D. L. , Bayrakova Y. V. , Barbarash L. S.
Published: December 2012

Cell-activating receptor TREM-1 (triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1) regulates congenital immune response and contributes to systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) development. It is able to multiply cytokine production while stimulated together with the main receptors of the congenital immune system. The purpose of the paper is to study the potential use of soluble TREM-1 (sTREM-1) as a marker of intensive SIRS and a criterion for postoperative complications prediction following on-pump coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). Results show that early postoperative sTREM-1 concentrations demonstrate their potential prognostic value regarding SIRS-associated complications.