bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Real-world clinical outcome of unresectable locally advanced & de-novo metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a multicentre retrospective study
Authors: Aseafan Mohamed , Alfakeeh Ali H. , Tashkandi Emad , Mahrous Mervat , Alghamdi Mohammed , Alshamsan Bader , Al-Hajeili Marwan , Bakhsh Safwan , Alshammari Kanan , Almugbel Fahad A. , Alfagih Abdulhameed H. , Allehebi Ahmed , Montaser Mohamed , Elsafty Mohamed Hamdy , Elnaghi Khaled Abd Elaziz , Issa Ibrahim , Bakshi Eesa , AlSubaie Sadeem , AlMutairi Bandar , Mokhtar Hoda , Aboelatta Mohamed , Bukhari Nedal , Alzahrani Ali M. , Elhassan Tusneem , Alqahtani Ali , Bazarbashi Shouki
Published: January 2025

Background

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most lethal malignancies, with limited treatment options yielding poor outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the real-world clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcomes of patients with locally advanced unresectable and de-novo metastatic PDAC in Saudi Arabia, providing regional data to compare with international benchmarks.

Methods

This is a retrospective, multicentre study involving 350 patients diagnosed with unresectable locally advanced or de-novo metastatic PDAC between January 2015 and November 2023. Data were collected from 10 oncology centers across Saudi Arabia.

Results

The median age at diagnosis was 60 years, with 63% of patients presenting with multiple metastatic sites, primarily in the liver (66.3%). FOLFIRINOX was the most common first-line treatment (55.1%), followed by gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel (15.1%). The median PFS for first-line treatment was 5.3 months, with FOLFIRINOX achieving the longest PFS (6.5 months). The median OS was 10.34 months for the entire cohort, with better survival outcomes observed in patients receiving FOLFIRINOX (12.3 months). Independent prognostic factors for PFS and OS included performance status, first-line regimen, and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Among patients tested, 7.1% had deficient mismatch repair (d-MMR), and 5.8% harbored BRCA mutations.

Conclusions

This real-world study confirms that clinical outcomes for locally advanced unresectable and metastatic PDAC in Saudi Arabia are consistent with international data, with FOLFIRINOX showing superior outcomes over gemcitabine-based regimens. However, both treatments reflect the persistent poor prognosis of PDAC, underscoring the need for novel therapeutic strategies. Further research is warranted to optimize treatment selection and improve survival outcomes in this population.
Predictors of self-reported hypertension among women of reproductive age in North Dakota
Authors: Day Corey A. , Njau Grace , Schmidt Matthew , Odoi Agricola
Published: January 2025

Background

Understanding the risk factors of hypertension among women of reproductive age (18–44 years) is important for guiding health programs aimed at reducing the burden of hypertensive disorders in this population. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate predictors of self-reported hypertension among women of reproductive age in North Dakota.

Methods

Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data for the years 2017, 2019, and 2021 were obtained from North Dakota Department of Health and Human Services. A conceptual model was used to identify potential predictors of hypertension including sociodemographic characteristics, behavioral factors, chronic health conditions, and healthcare access. A multivariable binary logistic regression model was then used to identify significant predictors of hypertension. The predictive ability of the final model was assessed using a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC).

Results

The odds of hypertension were significantly higher among women of reproductive age who reported frequent mental distress (odds ratio [OR] = 2.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.3–3.3), resided in a primary care health professional shortage area (OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.2–2.6), were obese (OR = 2.6, 95% CI = 1.7–4.1) and were 35–44 years old (OR = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.6–3.4), relative to their counterparts who did not have frequent mental distress, did not reside in a health professional shortage area, had a normal body mass index, and were 18–34 years old, respectively. Additionally, the odds of hypertension were lower among women who did not have a checkup within the last year compared to those who did have a checkup within the last year (OR = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.4–0.9). The AUC of the final model was 0.68.

Conclusions

There is evidence that frequent mental distress and disparities in healthcare access or utilization are predictors of hypertension among women of reproductive age in North Dakota. Further research is warranted to determine whether improved mental health can reduce the risk of hypertension in this population. Public health officials may consider promoting hypertension awareness and control programs in areas with limited access to healthcare professionals.
Paediatric dental trauma: insights from epidemiological studies and management recommendations
Authors: Laforgia Alessandra , Inchingolo Angelo Michele , Inchingolo Francesco , Sardano Roberta , Trilli Irma , Di Noia Angela , Ferrante Laura , Palermo Andrea , Inchingolo Alessio Danilo , Dipalma Gianna
Published: January 2025

Dental trauma is common in all age groups, although, epidemiologically, it is more common in children with studies that indicate that 15% of preschoolers and 20–25% of school-age children experience it. These injuries, which frequently call for immediate attention, can affect the hard tissues and supporting components of the teeth, and, because dental damage in deciduous teeth occurs frequently and affects speech, nutrition, and oral development, it is particularly worrying. After searching three databases, Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), and PubMed, and removing duplicates, 3,630 articles were screened, and 12 publications were included in the qualitative analysis. Due to their busy lifestyles, children are particularly susceptible to oral trauma and in certain areas and lower socioeconomic groups, the incidence is higher. From little fractures in the enamel to serious dislocations and avulsions, injuries vary and must be treated promptly in order to avoid consequences and to prevent long-term issues. Furthermore, a conservative treatment strategy is recommended to preserve tooth vitality and prevent extractions. Reducing the occurrence of dental injuries requires the implementation of preventive measures including mouthguard use and educational campaigns. In summary, this review emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis, immediate management, and long-term care, by synthesizing existing knowledge on the prevalence, types, management, complications, and prevention of dental trauma in deciduous teeth. Finally, it’s important to underscore the need for continued research to refine treatment approaches.
Evaluation of health-related quality of life changes in an Australian rapid access chest pain clinic
Authors: Black J Andrew , Sharman James E. , Chen Gang , Palmer Andrew J. , de Graaff Barbara , Nelson Mark , Chapman Niamh , Campbell Julie A.
Published: January 2025

Objective

To evaluate the impact of absolute cardiovascular risk counselling on quality-of-life indices within a chest pain clinic.

Data sources and study setting

Primary data was collected at the Royal Hobart Hospital, Australia, between 2014 and 2020.

Study design

Patients attending an Australian chest pain clinic were randomised into a prospective, open-label, blinded-endpoint study over a minimum 12-months follow-up.

Data collection / extraction methods

The SF-36 questionnaire was completed at baseline/follow-up and SF-6D multi-attribute utility instrument’s health state utilities (HSU) were generated using SF-36 responses and the SF-6D’s Australian tariff. SF-6D minimal important difference was 0.04 points. Absolute cardiovascular risk was also stratified into high/intermediate/low-risk categories for exploratory analysis of summary HSUs and dimensional scores. ANZCTR registration number 12617000615381 (registered 28/4/17).

Principal findings

Of n = 189 patients enrolled, HSUs were generated for 96% at baseline (intervention n = 93, usual care n = 88) and 61% at follow-up. There were no statistical differences in age, sex, absolute cardiovascular risk or mean HSU between groups at baseline. Summary HSUs improved more for the intervention group and the median between-group difference exceeded the minimal important difference threshold (intervention 0.16 utility points, control 0.10 utility points). For Intervention patients with high absolute risk (≥ 15%), HSU did not significantly change.

Conclusions

Absolute cardiovascular risk counselling in a chest pain clinic yielded clinically meaningful improvement in health-related quality of life.
Deep-learning prediction of cardiovascular outcomes from routine retinal images in individuals with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Syed Mohammad Ghouse , Trucco Emanuele , Mookiah Muthu R. K. , Lang Chim C. , McCrimmon Rory J. , Palmer Colin N. A. , Pearson Ewan R. , Doney Alex S. F. , Mordi Ify R.
Published: January 2025

Background

Prior studies have demonstrated an association between retinal vascular features and cardiovascular disease (CVD), however most studies have only evaluated a few simple parameters at a time. Our aim was to determine whether a deep-learning artificial intelligence (AI) model could be used to predict CVD outcomes from routinely obtained diabetic retinal screening photographs and to compare its performance to a traditional clinical CVD risk score.

Methods

We included 6127 individuals with type 2 diabetes without myocardial infarction or stroke prior to study entry. The cohort was divided into training (70%), validation (10%) and testing (20%) cohorts. Clinical 10-year CVD risk was calculated using the pooled cohort equation (PCE) risk score. A polygenic risk score (PRS) for coronary heart disease was also obtained. Retinal images were analysed using an EfficientNet-B2 network to predict 10-year CVD risk. The primary outcome was time to first major adverse CV event (MACE) including CV death, myocardial infarction or stroke.

Results

1241 individuals were included in the test cohort (mean PCE 10-year CVD risk 35%). There was a strong correlation between retinal predicted CVD risk and the PCE risk score (r = 0.66) but not the polygenic risk score (r = 0.05). There were 288 MACE events. Higher retina-predicted risk was significantly associated with increased 10-year risk of MACE (HR 1.05 per 1% increase; 95% CI 1.04–1.06, p < 0.001) and remained so after adjustment for the PCE and polygenic risk score (HR 1.03; 95% CI 1.02–1.04, p < 0.001). The retinal risk score had similar performance to the PCE (both AUC 0.697) and when combined with the PCE and polygenic risk score had significantly improved performance compared to the PCE alone (AUC 0.728). An increase in retinal-predicted risk within 3 years was associated with subsequent increased MACE likelihood.

Conclusions

A deep-learning AI model could accurately predict MACE from routine retinal screening photographs with a comparable performance to traditional clinical risk assessment in a diabetic cohort. Combining the AI-derived retinal risk prediction with a coronary heart disease polygenic risk score improved risk prediction. AI retinal assessment might allow a one-stop CVD risk assessment at routine retinal screening.

Graphical abstract
Extensible lateral approach versus sinus tarsi approach for sanders type II and III calcaneal fractures osteosynthesis: a randomized controlled trial of 186 fractures
Authors: Fadle Amr A. , Khalifa Ahmed A. , Shehata Peter Mamdouh , EL-Adly Wael , Osman Ahmed Ekram
Published: January 2025

Aims

Which is the best extensile lateral (ELA) or sinus tarsi (STA) approach for osteosynthesis displaced intraarticular calcaneal fracture (DIACF) is still debatable. The current RCT’s primary objective was to compare the complications incidence after open reduction and internal fixation of DIACFs through STA vs. ELA. The secondary objectives were the differences in intraoperative radiation exposure, time to fracture union, functional and radiological outcomes.

Methods

Between August 2020 and February 2023, 157 patients with Sanders type II and III fractures were randomly assigned to either ELA (81 patients with 95 fractures) or STA (76 patients with 91 fractures). The primary outcome was the incidence of complications. The secondary outcomes were Böhler’s and Gissane angles angle, fracture union, and American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score.

Results

No statistical differences between both groups regarding basic demographic data, injury characteristics, and fracture classification; however, patients in the STA group were operated upon significantly earlier (4.43 ± 7.37 vs. 7 ± 6.42 days, p = 0.001). STA’s operative time was significantly shorter (55.83 ± 7.35 vs. 89.66 ± 7.12 min, p < 0.05), and no statistical difference regarding intraoperative radiation exposure. The time to fracture union was significantly shorter in STA (6.33 ± 0.8 vs. 7.13 ± 0.7 weeks, p = 0.000). Skin complications (superficial or deep infection) and Subtalar osteoarthritis were significantly higher in ELA (18.9% vs. 3.3%, p = 0.001) and (32.6% vs. 9.9%, p = 0.001), respectively. The radiological parameters were significantly better in STA postoperatively and at the last follow up. The AOFAS scores were significantly better in STA (83.49 ± 7.71 vs. 68.62 ± 7.05, respectively, p = 0.000).

Conclusion

During osteosynthesis of Sanders type II and III DIACFs, STA is superior to ELA in terms of operating earlier, shorter operative time, fewer complications, and better radiological and functional outcomes.
Magnolia kobus DC. suppresses neointimal hyperplasia by regulating ferroptosis and VSMC phenotypic switching in a carotid artery ligation mouse model
Authors: Kim Jong Min , Kim Yiseul , Na Hyun-Jin , Hur Haeng Jeon , Lee Sang Hee , Sung Mi Jeong
Published: January 2025

Background

Magnolia kobus DC (MO), as a plant medicine, has been reported to have various physiological activities, including neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic effects. However, vascular protective effects of MO remain incompletely understood. In this study, we evaluated the vascular protective effect of MO against ferroptosis in a carotid artery ligation (CAL)-induced neointimal hyperplasia mouse model and in aortic thoracic smooth muscle A7r5 cells.

Methods

This study was conducted to estimate the vascular protective effects of MO by systematically measuring histopathological analysis and western blot analysis in CAL animal model. In vitro protective effects of MO were evaluated by estimating cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, glutathione (GSH) levels, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial morphological change, cell proliferation, migration, western blot analysis, and qRT-PCR against erastin (Era)-induced A7r5 cells.

Results

MO intake significantly improved neointimal formation, inhibited ferroptosis and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypes, and ameliorated the antioxidant system of carotid artery tissues. In addition, MO treatment effectively ameliorated Era-induced ferroptotic cytotoxicity, including cellular death, ROS production, and cell migration status. MO treatment also suppressed proliferation and migration in Era-induced A7r5 cells. MO considerably regulated Era-induced abnormal mechanisms related to ferroptotic changes, VSMC phenotype switching, and the ROS scavenging system in A7r5 cells.

Conclusion

MO has the potential for use as a functional food supplement, nutraceutical, or medicinal food, with protective effects on vascular health by regulating ferroptosis and VSMC phenotypic switching.
Aidi injection inhibits the migration and invasion of gefitinib-resistant lung adenocarcinoma cells by regulating the PLAT/FAK/AKT pathway
Authors: Zhang Jingyuan , Yang Siyun , Chen Xiaodong , Zhang Fanqin , Guo Siyu , Wu Chao , Wang Tieshan , Wang Haojia , Lu Shan , Qiao Chuanqi , Sheng Xiaoguang , Liu Shuqi , Zhang Xiaomeng , Luo Hua , Li Qinglin , Wu Jiarui
Published: January 2025

Background

With extended gefitinib treatment, the therapeutic effect in some non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients declined with the development of drug resistance. Aidi injection (ADI) is utilized in various cancers as a traditional Chinese medicine prescription. This study explores the molecular mechanism by which ADI, when combined with gefitinib, attenuates gefitinib resistance in PC9GR NSCLC cells.

Methods

In vitro and in vivo pharmacological experiments were conducted in PC9GR cells and NSG mice with PC9GR cell-derived tumors, respectively. The molecular mechanism of ADI was further studied using whole-transcriptome sequencing technology. Bioinformatics and molecular biology methods were employed to validate the critical targets of ADI.

Results

Firstly, ADI treatment alone and combined with gefitinib significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of PC9GR cells. Then, whole-transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis revealed that PLAT is a key target for the increased efficacy of ADI combined with gefitinib. Additionally, ADI downregulates the expression of PLAT, TNC, ITGB3, p-AKT, p-PI3K, and p-FAK. ADI inhibits the migration and invasion of PC9GR cells by regulating the PLAT/FAK/AKT pathway.

Conclusions

Aidi injection inhibits the migration and invasion of gefitinib-resistant lung adenocarcinoma cells by regulating the PLAT/FAK/AKT pathway. This study provides essential evidence for elucidating the mechanism of ADI in synergistic therapy for lung cancer.
Analysis of spatial patellofemoral alignment using novel three-dimensional measurements based on weight-bearing cone-beam CT
Authors: Chen Yurou , Yu Fan , Rong Fanzhuang , Lv Furong , Lv Fajin , Li Jia
Published: January 2025

Objectives

To propose a reliable and standard 3D assessment method to analyze the effect of weight-bearing (WB) status on the location of patella and clarify the diagnostic performance of 3D parameters for recurrent patellar dislocation (RPD) in WB and non-weight-bearing (NWB) conditions.

Methods

Sixty-five knees of RPD patients and 99 knees of controls were included. Eight landmarks, two lines and a coordinate system were defined on 3D bone models of knees based on weight-bearing CT and non-weight-bearing CT. The shift and tilt of patella in three orthogonal axes (Xshift, Yshift, Zshift, Xtilt, Ytilt, Ztilt) were evaluated.

Results

Xshift and Yshift were significantly higher, Zshift, Xtilt and Ytilt were significantly lower in WB condition than NWB condition (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.001, p = 0.002, p = 0.010). In both WB and NWB conditions, Xshift, Yshift and Ztilt were significantly higher, and Xtilt was significantly lower in the RPD group than the control group (WB/NWB: p < 0.001/p = 0.002, p < 0.001/p = 0.001, p < 0.001/p < 0.001, p < 0.001/p = 0.009). In WB condition, Zshift and Ytilt were significantly higher in the RPD group than the control group (p = 0.011, p < 0.001). Ztilt had the best diagnostic performance for RPD in both WB and NWB conditions, with AUC of 0.887 (95% CI: 0.828, 0.946) and 0.885 (95% CI: 0.822, 0.947), respectively.

Conclusions

The 3D measurement method reliably and comprehensively reflected the relative spatial position relationship of the patellofemoral joint. It can be applied to the 3D preoperative planning of patellofemoral procedures. In addition, patellofemoral evaluation under the WB condition was essential to detect subtle underlying risk factors for RPD, with axial lateral patellar tilt being the best predictor.

Critical relevance statement

This 3D measurement method under weight-bearing conditions contributes to comprehensively describing the relative spatial position of the patellofemoral joint in a standardized way and can be applied to preoperative evaluation for recurrent patellar dislocation.

Key Points

Patellofemoral alignment is a 3D problem, and the accuracy of 2D parameters has been questioned.

3D measurement was reliable and comprehensively reflected relative spatial relationships of the patellofemoral joint.

3D measurements under weight-bearing condition help preoperative evaluation for RPD.

Graphical Abstract
Barriers and facilitators to the implementation and adoption of computerised clinical decision support systems: an umbrella review protocol
Authors: Böhm-Hustede Anna Katharina , Lubasch Johanna Sophie , Hoogestraat Anna Thalea , Buhr Eike , Wulff Antje
Published: January 2025

Background

The implementation of computerised clinical decision support systems has the potential to enhance healthcare by improving patient safety, practitioner performance, and patient outcomes. Notwithstanding the numerous advantages, the uptake of clinical decision support systems remains constrained, thereby impeding the full realisation of their potential. To ensure the effective and successful implementation of these systems, it is essential to identify and analyse the reasons for their low uptake and adoption. This protocol outlines an umbrella review, which will synthesise the findings of existing literature reviews to generate a comprehensive overview of the barriers and facilitators to the implementation and adoption of decision support systems across healthcare settings.

Methods

This umbrella review protocol was developed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines. Searches for eligible articles will be conducted in four electronic bibliographic databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, IEEE Xplore, Scopus, and Web of Science. Obtained results will be independently screened by four reviewers based on pre-defined eligibility criteria. The risk of bias will be assessed for all eligible articles. Data on barriers and facilitators to the implementation and adoption of clinical decision support systems will be extracted, summarised, and further categorised into themes that aim to describe the originating environment or concept of the respective factor. The frequency of all identified barriers and facilitators within the group of included reviews will be determined in order to establish a prioritisation of the factors.

Discussion

This umbrella review protocol presents a methodology for the systematic synthesis of barriers and facilitators to the implementation and adoption of clinical decision support systems across healthcare settings. The umbrella review will enable the development of novel implementation and adoption strategies that reinforce the identified facilitators and circumvent barriers, thereby promoting the use-oriented evaluation and effective utilisation of clinical decision support systems.

Systematic review registration

PROSPERO CRD42024507614
Association between axial elongation and corneal topography in children undergoing orthokeratology with different back optic zone diameters
Authors: Tan Qi , Kojima Randy , Cho Pauline , Vincent Stephen J.
Published: January 2025

Purpose

To explore the associations between myopia defocus dosage (MDD), aberration coefficients (primary spherical aberration and coma), and axial elongation in children undergoing orthokeratology (ortho-k) with back optic zone diameters (BOZD) of 5 mm and 6 mm over 2 years.

Methods

Data from 80 participants from two ortho-k studies were analyzed: 22 and 58 children wore lenses with 5-mm and 6-mm BOZD, respectively. Four MDD metrics were calculated from corneal topography data over a 5-mm pupil for the 1-month and 24-month visits: the circumferential, flat, steep, and volumetric MDD. Corneal primary spherical aberration and comatic aberrations were also extracted from topography data over a 5-mm pupil. Linear mixed modelling was performed to explore the associations between the MDD, corneal aberrations, and axial elongation over 2 years, while controlling for confounding factors (e.g., baseline age and sex).

Results

Participants in the 5-mm BOZD group displayed less axial elongation than the 6-mm BOZD group over 2 years (0.15 ± 0.21 mm vs. 0.35 ± 0.21 mm, P < 0.001). A greater volumetric MDD was observed in the 5-mm BOZD group compared with the 6-mm BOZD group at the 1- and 24-month visits (both P < 0.001). No significant differences were observed between the two groups for the other MDD metrics or corneal aberration coefficients (all P > 0.05). Less axial elongation was associated with a greater volumetric MDD at the 1- and 24-month visits (both β = –0.01, P < 0.001 and P = 0.001), but not with any other MDD metrics or corneal aberrations (all P > 0.05).

Conclusions

The volumetric MDD over a 5-mm pupil after 1 month of ortho-k lens wear was associated with axial elongation after 24 months, and may be a useful predictor of future axial elongation in children undergoing ortho-k.
CEO political orientation and loan contract
Authors: Chung Chune Young , Choi Changhwan , Nhan Do Thi Thanh
Published: January 2025

Banks rely on soft information when assessing loan applications, making it crucial to evaluate the trustworthiness of potential borrowers in order to set loan conditions, even in a legal environment where contractual rights are straightforwardly enforced. Given the common belief that certain personality traits—such as trustworthiness, reliability, loyalty, thriftiness, and stinginess—are more often linked to conservatives (Republicans) than to liberals (Democrats), we investigate whether companies with conservative chief executive officers (CEOs) secure more advantageous loan terms compared to others. Our findings indicate that firms with conservative CEOs are able to negotiate bank loans with lower interest spreads and upfront fees. While we do not observe a direct impact of CEO overconfidence on loan pricing, we reveal that the combined influence of CEO conservatism and overconfidence contributes to our primary findings. Additionally, we discovered that conservative CEOs tend to receive more favorable non-price conditions (fewer covenants) and are less inclined to offer collateral.
Semi-standardized evaluation of extraprostatic extension and seminal vesicle invasion with [18F]PSMA-1007 PET/CT: a comparison to MRI using histopathology as reference
Authors: Hvittfeldt Erland , Hedeer Fredrik , Thimansson Erik , Sandeman Kevin , Minarik David , Ingvar Jacob , Bjartell Anders , Trägårdh Elin
Published: January 2025

Background

Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with prostate specific membrane antigen ligands (PSMA) is established for use in primary staging of prostate cancer to screen for metastases. It has also shown promise in local tumor staging, including detection of extraprostatic extension (EPE) and seminal vesicle invasion (SVI). Previous studies have shown high heterogeneity in methods and results. Our aim was to compare [18F]PSMA-1007 PET/CT to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in evaluation of EPE and SVI, building on a previously described method for standardized evaluation. We retrospectively included 124 patients who had undergone MRI, PSMA PET/CT and prostatectomy. PSMA PET/CT images were evaluated by two nuclear medicine physicians. Using a standardized method, they measured length of capsular contact (LCC) and assessed EPE and SVI visually with the use of 5-point Likert scales. A radiologist evaluated MRI images using criteria based on Prostate Imaging–Reporting and Data System version and incorporating LCC measurement and Likert scales. We evaluated diagnostic performance with histopathology as reference, and the interrater reliability of the PET evaluations.

Results

The sensitivity and specificity for detecting EPE with the quantitative LCC method for PSMA PET/CT was 0.46/0.91, for the visual method 0.28/0.82 and for the combination of the two 0.54/0.76. AUC in ROC analysis for the LCC method was 0.70. For MRI the sensitivity and specificity were 0.80/0.64. For SVI, PET/CT and MRI had sensitivity and specificity of 0.14/1.0 and 0.50/0.92 respectively. The intraclass correlation coefficient for the PET LCC measurement was 0.68, the kappa values for the visual Likert scales for PET were 0.53 for EPE and 0.63 for SVI.

Conclusions

In this study, we attempted to standardize quantitative and qualitative PSMA PET/CT evaluation of EPE and SVI and compare the method with MRI. MRI had a higher sensitivity for EPE while PSMA had a higher specificity. For SVI, both methods had high specificity. The interrater reliability for the PSMA PET/CT evaluations was moderate to substantial.
Central Downregulation of S-Resistin Alleviates Inflammation in EWAT and Liver and Prevents Adipocyte Hypertrophy
Authors: Rodríguez María , Moltó Eduardo , Serrano Rosario , Diaz-Rullo Jorge , Parralejo Iván , Muñoz Diego , Andreu Rosa María , Seco Jennifer , Gallardo Nilda , Andrés Antonio , Arribas Carmen , Pintado Cristina
Published: January 2025

The hypothalamus integrates peripheral signals and modulates food intake and energy expenditure by regulating the metabolic function of peripheral tissues, including the liver and adipose tissue. In a previous study, we demonstrated that s-resistin, an intracellular resistin isoform highly expressed in the hypothalamus and upregulated during aging, is important in the central control of energy homeostasis, affecting mainly the peripheral response to insulin by still unknown mechanisms. Herein, using an intracerebroventricular injection of a specific lentiviral RNAi against s-resistin, we assessed, in the Wistar rat, the effects of central s-resistin downregulation on the expression and phosphorylation levels of intermediates involved in insulin signaling and the inflammatory response in epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) and liver. Additionally, we studied the imbalance of eWAT hypertrophy/hyperplasia remodeling. Our results indicate that central downregulation of s-resistin regulates insulin signaling cascade in a tissue-specific manner, reduces the inflammatory status both in the liver and eWAT, and prevents eWAT hypertrophy. Taken together, our results highlight the pivotal role of central s-resistin in maintaining metabolic homeostasis in AT and the liver. This suggests a direct association between its function and the modulation of the inflammatory response in these tissues.
Assessing psychogenic health risks through the days between death and birth in the individual annual cycle
Authors: Weitkunat Rolf , Abawi Karim , El Tannouri Rachelle , Inglin Laura , Magnin Célia , Rihs Tonia , Fehst Katharina
Published: January 2025

Background The "birthday effect" refers to increased mortality around birthdays, although evidence remains mixed, with some studies even indicating reduced mortality. While the effect has a minimal impact on overall mortality, lacks prevention potential, and faces methodological challenges, it offers seminal insights into psychogenic health effects. Methods Major causes of death were analyzed using data from the Swiss Federal Statistical Office (1987-2022), excluding leap years and cases with imputed dates. The relationship between day of birth and death was assessed using a Poisson count model with overdispersion, and mortality rates (MRs) per 100,000 deaths per year were calculated for ±182 days around birthdays. Mortality rate ratios (MRRs) compared these periods to a reference period. Cluster analyses explored mortality rate patterns across age and diagnostic groups. Age was not adjusted for in the Poisson model to avoid zero inflation, with bias from age-related mortality changes assessed separately through sensitivity analyses. Results In the analysis of 1,702,865 deaths over 27 years, an eight percent increase in birthday mortality was observed, equivalent to 22 additional deaths per 100,000 deaths per year. There were 889 excess deaths in the 28 days after the birthday compared to 206 in the 28 days before. Excess birthday mortality was particularly pronounced in men, unmarried individuals, and those with religious affiliations. In individuals aged 85 and older, a pre-birthday dip followed by post-birthday mortality excess was noted. Cardiovascular causes, suicides, and accidents had the highest birthday-related mortality, while diabetes, respiratory diseases, and other conditions showed varied pre- and post-birthday patterns. Conclusions Administrative and age-related biases were ruled out, suggesting the birthday effect is psychogenic. While behavior-linked causes like suicides and accidents had clear birthday patterns, other main causes of death also showed birthday-period effects. Further research, including psychometric and biomarker studies, is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
Kształtowanie kompetencji życiowych w wyniku wzajemnych relacji między rodzeństwem z dużą różnicą wieku z perspektywy młodszych sióstr i braci
Authors: Białas Agnieszka , Dendek Katarzyna , Kempa Sandra , Nowak-Gołąb Joanna
Published: January 2025

Celem badań było poznanie kompetencji (umiejętności) życiowych kształtowanych w wyniku relacji młodszych sióstr i braci z ich starszym rodzeństwem. Badania prowadzone były w nurcie konstruktywistycznym. Wykorzystano metodę wywiadu jakościowego. W drodze analizy wyłoniono kompetencje życiowe nabywane przez narratorki i narratorów w wyniku dorastania z rodzeństwem o dużej różnicy wieku (co najmniej 10 lat). Niniejsze kompetencje podzielono na dwie kategorie: aspekt społeczny oraz aspekt wychowawczo-edukacyjny, które wzajemnie się przenikają. Na aspekt społeczny składają się: wspólne życie i doświadczenia jako czynnik kształtujący kompetencje, decyzyjność w komunikacji, a także utrzymywanie kontaktu. Natomiast w drugiej kategorii wyróżniono: postrzeganie relacji związanej z dużą różnicą wieku oraz starsze rodzeństwo w roli autorytetu i edukatora dla młodszych sióstr i braci. Prowadzone badania wykazały, że wraz z upływem czasu i w zależności od okresu w życiu relacje między rodzeństwem ulegają zmianie (czasem się zacieśniają a czasem rozluźniają). Więź między nimi polega na obustronnym czerpaniu korzyści i wzajemnym kształtowaniu kompetencji. Wspólne dorastanie uczy życia z innymi w społeczeństwie. Z badań wynika, że starsze rodzeństwo częściowo odciąża rodziców w wychowywaniu młodszych sióstr i braci. Niekiedy nawet w dorosłości starsze rodzeństwo pełni rolę opiekuna.
WYCHOWANIE MŁODZIEŻY PRZEZ MŁODZIEŻ – RELACYJNY WYMIAR FORMACJI RELIGIJNEJ W PEDAGOGICE SKAUTÓW EUROPY
Authors: Adamczyk Marek
Published: January 2025

Artykuł prezentuje podstawowe założenia (i wyniki badań) genetyki behawioralnej i teorii socjalizacji grupowej, które mają podważać wyjątkową rolę rodziny w procesie wychowania i wskazywać jednocześnie, że funkcję tę pełni tzw. środowisko swoiste (środowisko niewspólne). Kolejnym etapem jest próba krytycznego spojrzenia na zaprezentowane teorie i wskazanie ich kontrowersyjnych elementów. Choć najbardziej radykalne wnioski płynące z wyżej wymienionych teorii budzą słuszne zastrzeżenia, to cenne jest dowartościowanie w procesie socjalizacji środowiska rówieśniczego i próba opisania mechanizmu jego wpływu w ramach spójnej teorii. Jeśli środowisko rówieśnicze rzeczywiście odgrywa tak ważną rolę w procesie socjalizacji, to rodzi się pytanie, w jakich warunkach może stać się istotnym pozytywnym elementem formacji religijnej i duchowej. Druga praktyczna i pastoralna część artykułu jest próbą odpowiedzi na to pytanie. Zostaje ona poprzedzona krótką refleksją dotyczącą relacyjnej natury Kościoła. W oparciu o własne doświadczenia autor zaproponował analizę kilku konkretnych przypadków (casy study), poprzez które można przedstawić mechanizmy wpływu grupy rówieśniczej na kształt formacji religijnej. Odwołanie do założeń metodyki harcerskiej w formie, w jakiej jest ona stosowana w Skautach Europy, ma charakter uniwersalny, wynika bowiem z naturalnych potrzeb nastolatków i mechanizmów rozwojowych, które wyraźniej ujawniają się dzięki zastosowaniu metodyki harcerskiej.
ROLA MŁODZIEŻOWYCH DRUŻYN POŻARNICZYCH W KSZTAŁTOWANIU KOMPETENCJI SPOŁECZNYCH
Authors: Cichosz Wojciech , Lisica Jarosław , Buchta Roman , Dziekoński Stanisław
Published: January 2025

Młodzieżowe Drużyny Pożarnicze jako integralna część Ochotniczych Straży Pożarnych oferują młodzieży możliwość zdobywania nie tylko umiejętności technicznych, ale także rozwijanie takich wartości jak odpowiedzialność, współpraca, empatia i zaangażowanie społeczne. Głównym założeniem podjętym przez autorów artykułu jest ukazanie roli Młodzieżowych Drużyn Pożarniczych w kształtowaniu kompetencji społecznych młodzieży. Dużą uwagę zwrócono na ich znaczenie dla rozwoju postaw obywatelskich. Na podstawie badań jakościowych wskazano, że udział w Młodzieżowych Drużynach Pożarniczych wzmacnia umiejętności interpersonalne oraz postawy prospołeczne, co z kolei pozytywnie wpływa na świadomość obywatelską młodych ludzi.
EUCHARYSTIA W ŻYCIU DOCZESNYM I WIECZNYM W PASTERSKIM NAUCZANIU BISKUPA ANTONIEGO DYDYCZA
Authors: Gałązka Włodzimierz
Published: January 2025

Artykuł przedstawia nauczanie biskupa Antoniego Dydycza dotyczące roli Eucharystii w życiu doczesnym i wiecznym. Według biskupa drohiczyńskiego Eucharystia jest dobrowolną ofiarą, podczas której Jezus Chrystus w sposób bezkrwawy oddaje siebie Bogu Ojcu. Podkreśla on, że Sakrament Ołtarza nie jest jedynie wspominaniem wydarzeń z przeszłości, lecz urzeczywistnia paschalne misterium Chrystusa. Pisząc o miejscu ustanowienia Najświętszej Ofiary, autor wskazuje również na cel jej zaistnienia. Jest nim, obok Odkupienia, oddanie należnej czci i chwały Bogu. Eucharystia dzięki złożonej Ofierze jest sakramentem, poprzez który Jezus realizuje swoją obietnicę obecności pośród ludzi aż do skończenia świata. Pasterz Kościoła uczy, że Eucharystia jest centralnym wydarzeniem w życiu duchowym chrześcijanina. Wzorem do naśladowania są święci, których gorliwość wiary wciąż rosła, gdyż każdego dnia przyjmowali Komunię św. Artykuł omawia również środki i warunki, które powinny zostać spełnione, aby Eucharystia miała wpływ na życie duchowe chrześcijanina, aby kształtowała postawy człowieka i prowadziła do uświęcenia życia oraz wiecznego zjednoczenia z Bogiem
OBECNOŚĆ KOŚCIOŁA W ŚWIECIE W RAMACH POSŁUGI CARITAS
Authors: Jędrzejewski Mikołaj
Published: January 2025

Celem artykułu pod tytułem „Obecność Kościoła w świecie w ramach posługi Caritas” było ukazanie pomocy charytatywnej niesionej we wspólnocie wierzących konkretnemu człowiekowi potrzebującemu pomocy i wsparcia. Praca została podzielona na sześć zasadniczych części. W pierwszej ukazano, czym jest posługa Caritas w dzisiejszym świecie i w jaki sposób dokonuje się jej realizacja. W drugiej części opisano misyjny charakter i posłannictwo wspólnoty Kościoła we współczesnym świecie w odniesieniu do posługi charytatywnej. W trzeciej pokazano, jaka jest nieoceniona rola wolontariusza w pomaganiu drugiemu człowiekowi. W czwartej części ukazano biblijne podstawy posługi Caritas. Piąta część skupia się na pokazaniu powołania św. Matki Teresy z Kalkuty jako przykładu życia przepełnionego miłosierdziem w stosunku do każdego cierpiącego człowieka. Szósta zaś część ukazuje działanie organizacji Caritas w diecezji pelplińskiej. W artykule zaprezentowano nieodzowną obecność Kościoła w trosce o cierpiącego człowieka.
WOLNOŚĆ TEOLOGA W KOŚCIELE. OD CZASÓW APOSTOLSKICH DO XIX WIEKU
Authors: Perszon Jan
Published: January 2025

W Kościele współczesnym żywo dyskutowana jest kwestia wolności badań teologicznych oraz zakresu swobody, jaką winni cieszyć się teolodzy. W starożytności misję nauczania w Kościele pełnili duchowni (biskupi, prezbiterzy, mnisi), jak i świeccy. Wielu biskupów było wybitnymi teologami. Potem – aż do XIII wieku – ośrodkami naukowej teologii były klasztory i szkoły katedralne. Złoty wiek teologii i wolności teologów wiąże się z powstaniem instytucji uniwersytetu oraz przywilejami, jakimi one dysponowały. Autorytet szkół teologicznych był tak wielki, że stanowiły one swego rodzaju „paralelne magisterium” w relacji do biskupów i papieża. Dopiero w XIX wieku wyklarowała się doktryna o Urzędzie Nauczycielskim Kościoła, który stanowią papież i episkopat. Oznaczało to ograniczenie kompetencji teologów oraz przypisanie im służebnej funkcji względem Magisterium Ecclesiae.
ROZUMIENIE WYCHOWANIA RELIGIJNEGO A KSZTAŁTOWANIE TOŻSAMOŚCI NARODOWEJ W SPOŁECZNOŚCI POLSKIEJ PRUS ZACHODNICH W LATACH KULTURKAMPFU NA ŁAMACH CZASOPISMA KATOLICKIEGO „PIELGRZYM”
Authors: Śpica Paweł
Published: January 2025

Celem publikacji jest przybliżenie rozumienia wychowania religijnego i jego roli w procesie kształtowania tożsamości narodowej społeczności polskiej Prus Zachodnich w okresie Kulturkampfu w świetle czasopisma katolickiego „Pielgrzym”. Przedmiot badań stanowiły teksty prasowe z lat 1871–1878, publikowane na łamach wspomnianej gazety i odnoszące się do badanej problematyki. W toku postępowania badawczego zastosowano metodę krytycznej analizy źródeł (typową dla badań w obszarze historii edukacji). We wprowadzeniu (odnosząc się m.in. do zjawiska etnicyzacji religii i sakralizacji etnosu) przybliżono polityczne znaczenie religii dla zachodzących w XIX-wiecznej Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej procesów narodotwórczych oraz odwołano się do specyfiki badanego regionu. Następnie ukazano rozumienie oraz przemożne znaczenie przypisywane wychowaniu religijnemu przez redaktorów badanej prasy. Kluczową część artykułu zajmuje analiza publikowanych na łamach „Pielgrzyma” tekstów, uwidaczniających próby konstruowania w Prusach Zachodnich polskiej tożsamości narodowej na bazie wychowania religijnego (w domyśle: katolickiego). Wychowanie to było rozumiane jako: jedynie słuszne i „prawdziwe”, narzędzie służące przebudzeniu sumień, warunek osiągnięcia szczęścia na ziemi, najskuteczniejsza broń przeciwko nowym, antychrześcijańskim ideologiom oraz jako recepta na szereg problemów społecznych i ekonomicznych, z którymi zmagała się ludność polska. W odniesieniu do problematyki kształtowania polskiej tożsamości narodowej w religii poszukiwano uzasadnienia dla: idei wspólnoty narodowej, szczególnej miłości wobec współrodaków, wyjątkowej roli języka ojczystego i ziemi rodzinnej, konieczności szacunku do kultury polskiej, a także potrzeby poświęcenia i ponoszenia cierpienia za ojczyznę.
Synthesis of A Biodegradable Polymer from Tyrosol, Fluorescein and Caprolactone for Sensing and Removal of Cupric Ions from Pond Water
Authors: Raj A. Kanni
Published: January 2025

Anthopogenic actions mostly contribute cupric ions to pond and other water bodies. These ions build rapidly in plants and animals, eventually entering the human food chain and causing public health problems. To address the health risks associated with these ions, a novel polymer molecule has been designed for sensing and removing them. This study entails creating a new polymer using tyrosol, fluorescein and caprolactone. This polymer has a strong selectivity for cupric ions, which causes a dramatic color shift for easy identification. It can detect even trace levels of copper ions in pond water. The hydrophobic properties of this polymer aid in the elimination of cupric ions, resulting in a yellow precipitate that precipitates toxic copper ions. This polymer is biodegradable, hence the process is environmentally beneficial. UV-Vis and EDAX spectra were used to evaluate the polymer's ability to remove ions from water. This invention provides a straightforward method to reduce cupric ion pollution, protect human health and address environmental difficulties.
Colorimetric Studies for the Detection of Dopamine Using Vanillin
Authors: Kanakashree H. R. , Kishora T. N. , Ramesh T. N.
Published: January 2025

Complex formation between dopamine hydrochloride and vanillin using a colorimetric method was investigated to develop a simple and effective approach for the detection and quantification of dopamine. Dopamine, a neurotransmitter with significant biological importance, reacts with vanillin, an aromatic aldehyde in ethanol, resulting in a color change (colorless to light brown) that was measured using colorimetry. The optimal conditions for complex formation with a specific molar ratio of dopamine hydrochloride to vanillin have been studied to establish a calibration curve correlating absorbance with dopamine hydrochloride concentration, allowing for the accurate quantification of dopamine hydrochloride. This colorimetric method provides a cost-effective, accessible, and reliable means of detecting dopamine, with potential applications in clinical diagnostics, pharmaceutical analysis, and neurological research. The above method offers a quantitative way to determine up to 4 ppm levels of dopamine hydrochloride.
Synthesis, Characterisation, DFT Studies and Electrochemical and Biological Application Studies of a New Schiff Base Based on from Naphthalene-1, 8-Diamine and its Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) Complexes
Authors: Thamaraichelvan Geetha
Published: January 2025

A new Schiff base 4,4’-((naphthalene-1,8-diylbis(azanylylidene))bis(methanylylidene)) diphenol (NDBDP) has been synthesized from 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 1,8-diaminonaphthalene and characterised by Infrared, Ultraviolet-Visible, Proton-1 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and mass spectral studies. Further, the Schiff base has been complexated with Cobalt(II),Nickel(II),Copper(II) and Zinc(II). All the synthesised complexes are established as neutral complexes based on various spectral, analytical and magnetic behavioral studies. The redox property of all the metal Schiff base complexes have been explored through cyclic voltammetry analysis. Density Functional Theory (DFT) studies have been performed using GAUSSIAN09W program with B3LYP/6-31G (d,p) as the basis set to substantiate the structure of Schiff base NDBDP. The synthesized Schiff base and its transition metal complexes have been scrutinised for their biopotency namely antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. The complex [Cu(NDBDP)2] is found to possess high antioxidant activity. The cytotoxic behaviour of the [Cu(NDBDP)2] complex was scrutinized in MCF-7 (human breast cancer cell lines) which indicate the moderate cytotoxic behaviour of the complex.
Geochemistry of Mining Discharges from the Ppolymetallic Deposit of the Perkoa Underground Zinc Mine in Central-western Burkina Faso – West Africa
Authors: Bado Felix Isso , Kagambega Nicolas , Yameogo Adama
Published: January 2025

Effective management and control of mining discharges is essential to minimise their negative impact on the environment and local communities. This study focuses on the assessment of the pollution risks that may be posed by Perkoa mining discharges. After characterizing the different mining discharges, the main physicochemical parameters were determined. The level and risk of pollution have also been assessed. The results show that these mining discharges are already oxidized, therefore acidic, with contents of potentially harmful elements well above the standards in force. They are therefore potentially a generator of acid mine drainage, which is harmful to the environment and communities.
Zero–zero-birefringence polymer using N-substituted maleimide and styrene
Authors: Hotta Hikaru , Koike Yasuhiro
Published: January 2025

The orientational and photoelastic birefringence of alternating copolymers has not been studied in detail. In this study, N-substituted maleimide (RMI) and styrene (St) as alternating copolymers were investigated, and their birefringence, refractive index, and glass transition temperature (T
g
) of the alternating copolymers were analyzed. It was found that the photoelastic coefficient and T
g
exhibited a nonlinear relationship with the composition ratio of RMI and St. A zero–zero-birefringence polymer exhibiting no birefringence was obtained by using N-ethylmaleimide and St and adjusting the composition ratio. This polymer exhibited high T
g
and low haze.