bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Growth changes in the craniofacial complex in class II skeletal patterns and cervical vertebral maturation: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Yezdani Arif
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Longitudinal studies, though accurate in data obtainment, warrant the use of metallic implant inserts and serial lateral cephalograms to evaluate growth changes in the craniofacial complex. In contrast, cross-sectional data could garner such information without the invasive insertion of metallic implants. The purpose of this study was to acquire knowledge about the normal maxillary, mandibular, and vertical facial dimensional growth changes that occurred from 11 to 18 years in 80 untreated skeletal class II malocclusion subjects. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated a sample of 80 untreated skeletal class II malocclusion subjects (38 males, 42 females) in the circumpubertal growth period in the age range of 11 to 18 years. Each subject’s lateral cephalogram was analyzed for the cervical stage, and the maxillary, mandibular, and vertical facial dimensional measurements were recorded at each cervical stage and at intervals between these stages. The Shapiro–Wilk test showed that the data were normally distributed. Hence, independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance were done. Results: Increased increments of maxillary and mandibular growth changes and changes in the anterior and posterior facial height dimensions were noted in males during the interval from CS2 to CS3 and in females from CS3 to CS4. In both the genders, an increase mandibular corpus length and a reduction in the mandibular plane angle were observed in the interval from CS4 to CS5. Conclusion: Normal growth changes observed in subjects with class II skeletal patterns gleaned from the mandibular, maxillary, and vertical facial dimensions would help one to delineate and differentiate these changes from the orthodontic and orthopedic treatment effects.
Significance of effluent dose in continuous renal replacement therapy in children
Authors: Ponnarmeni Satheesh , Kandasamy Sasidaran , Shobana J.
Published: July 2024

Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is one of the commonly used extracorporeal blood purification therapies and its use in the pediatric population has increased in the past two decades due to the availability of safer machines which allow lower blood flow rate and dialysate flow rate. The usual indication for initiation of CRRT is for solute clearance and or fluid removal in oliguric patients with acute kidney injury. Knowledge regarding the principles of solute removal and fluid removal along with the application of these mechanisms in different modes of CRRT helps the physician to decide on the appropriate therapy for the given patient. Understanding the concept of CRRT dose and the factors to be considered in the prescription for achieving the preset targets of CRRT is vital for the efficient utilization of the therapy.
Forensic Dentistry: A Review on Forensic Periodontology and Scope for Application of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Hawkins Micah Elizabath , Suresh P. , Nath Sameera G. , Raveendran Ranjith , Kumar V V Harish
Published: July 2024

This work has attempted to highlight the role that Periodontics plays in forensic analysis, specifically in forensic odontology to facilitate identity investigation. The literature review undertaken has shown that periodontal disorders can aid in decreasing uncertainty involved in personal identification (victim and perpetrator). A new workflow incorporating artificial intelligence (AI) in the chain of custody process has been presented. This would help in improving the accuracy and speed of personal identification. AI capabilities of working on large-scale data have potential utility in identifying people by identifying traits and aspects using categorisation and classification algorithms on partially damaged evidence that are essential to ascertain a person’s identity. This work has developed a paradigm for integrating AI into the investigation process. We think that AI has a lot of potential as a tool for forensic inquiry both now and in the future.
Hypovitaminosis D is A Biological Vulnerability for Depressive Symptoms in Major Depression at the Era of the Coronavirus Disease Outbreak
Authors: Alhaideri Amer Fadhil , Alameedy Waleed Azeez , Al-Agam Azher Nema Mohammed , Alzughaibi Mahir Abdulkadhum , Al-Hindy Hayder Abdul-Amir Makki , Mousa Mazin J.
Published: July 2024

Background:

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent mental health condition causing substantial global issues. Emerging evidence indicates that depression rates have risen during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Insufficient vitamin D levels have been linked to increased psychological problems and heightened responses to stress.

Objectives:

This study aims to investigate the connection between serum vitamin D levels and depressive symptoms in individuals with MDD compared to healthy controls during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional study included 90 MDD patients diagnosed according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Illnesses (DSM)-5 criteria version 7.0.2, assessed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. During COVID-19 lockdown measures, participants completed the Patient Health Questionnaire depression module (PHQ-9) to assess depressive severity. Blood samples were collected for vitamin D assays. Statistical analyses were conducted using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), including receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to predict depressive symptom severity.

Results:

Patient and control groups had similar mean age and body mass index (BMI), with most participants classified as obese (BMI > 30 kg/m2). Female patients were predominant in the study. MDD patients exhibited significantly lower mean serum vitamin D levels compared to controls (10.3 ± 6.2 vs. 18.1 ± 9.6 ng/mL). Female patients had higher vitamin D levels than males. Correlations among serum vitamin D levels, BMI, MDD duration, and age were insignificant. ROC curve analysis indicated that lower vitamin D levels moderately predict MDD presence (area under curve [AUC] = 0.750) and, to a lesser extent, severe MDD (AUC = 0.739).

Conclusion:

The study suggests an inverse association between serum vitamin D levels and clinical depression during the COVID-19 era. However, the evidence is not entirely conclusive, prompting the need for further randomized trials to determine whether this relationship is causal.
Prevalence of Candida albicans Infection Among Diabetic Foot Ulcer Patients in Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital
Authors: Al-Chalabi Fatin Ali , Abed Rabab Majead , Risan Mohsen Hashim , Jabr Younus Desher
Published: July 2024

Objectives:

The current study aims to investigate “Candida albicans” in diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) infections in Baghdad.

Materials and Methods:

Clinical samples were collected from 203 patients with DFUs treated at Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital and outpatient clinic. There were 105 male and 98 female participants. The study period was from December 15, 2021 to May 15, 2022.

Results:

The mean age was 56.50 years, and 132 (65%) of the patients were aged between 46 and 65 years. The average diabetes duration was 10.96 ± 4.63 years, and 108 (53.2%) of the patients had a history of diabetic mellitus (DM) for 3–10 years. Out of the 203 clinical samples, 113 (56%) were positive for fungal growth. Cultural characteristics and biochemical criteria revealed that 66 (58.4%) isolates out of the 113 were different types of Candida, including C. tropicalis, C. krusei, C. parapsilosis, C. lipolytica, C. lusitaniae, and C.guilliermondii. The results showed that 15 (13.2%) isolates were C. albicans, with a higher percentage in females compared to males (40%). Among the age groups, the 46–65 age group showed 53.3% of C. albicans. The time period of diabetes (3–10 years) was the highest rate of C. albicans emergence.

Conclusion:

The current study concludes that fungal infections, including Candida species, are common among patients with diabetic foot diseases. Regular laboratory culturing of the fungal swabs is necessary for periodic diagnosis in order to monitor and control fungal diseases associated with diabetic foot infections.
Knowledge and Attitude of Rural Mothers toward Vaccination of Children under Five Years in Duhok Province
Authors: Sarkees Alaa Noori , Hassan Ziravan Asaad , Saadi Abdulrahman Towfeeq
Published: July 2024

Background:

Healthcare provision strategies show that disease prevention is always better than treatment. It is undeniable that vaccines have been an essential part of preventive measures based on their success in controlling vaccine-preventable diseases in the developed world.

Objectives:

The purpose of the study is to assess rural mothers’ knowledge and attitudes toward vaccinations of under five children. Additionally, determine how their demographic characteristics interrelate to such knowledge and attitude.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was established to research (500) rural mothers from November 2016 to November 2017, the sample for the current study was chosen using multi-stage sampling (cluster-simple random selection). Through a direct interview-based questionnaire, information on rural mothers was gathered, including information about their sociodemographic traits as well as information about their knowledge of and attitudes regarding the immunization of their children who are under five. Two approaches were adopted, descriptive and inferential statistics to analyze the acquired study-related data.

Results:

Nearly half the mothers (49%) had fair knowledge, and (46.2%) of them had a neutral attitude toward their under-five children’s vaccination.

Conclusion:

This study concluded that in Duhok Province rural mothers were at an equal distance from the extremities level related to mothers’ knowledge and attitude toward under-five years immunization.
Antiviral Effectiveness of Nigella sativa Oil on LaSota Strain of Newcastle Disease Virus In Vitro
Authors: Al-Mubarak Firas Taha Mansour , Hizam Manar Mohammed , Faleh Hashem Al-Gorani Amal , Abood Al-Masoudi Wasfi
Published: July 2024

Objectives:

Newcastle disease (ND) is a highly prevalent disease among poultry all over the world and causes great economic losses in the poultry industry. Despite the high effectiveness of vaccines for controlling such diseases, there is no operative antiviral drug utilized to treat infections. This study aims to test Nigella sativa oil as an antiviral for the ND virus.

Materials and Methods:

Oil of N. sativa was incubated along with (the LaSota strain) virus for 1 and 24 h in the laboratory and its antiviral effect was detected by performing a hemagglutinating test for the detection of surface protein activity, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction for the detection of the virus. In addition, the toxicity of the oil to the organism was determined by injecting it into the allantoic fluid of embryos of chicken with a virus or without it.

Results:

The results revealed that such a product plays an important function in reducing the virus's effectiveness, perhaps by destroying the receptors on the surface of the virus by comparing with the control group, which included treating the virus with phosphate saline only, which offered the opposite. Besides, there was a clear effect on the viral genome. Moreover, no organism toxicity was there because the embryos were oil-injected only or with a mixture of oil and virus were healthy and similar to the uninoculated embryos. In addition, the embryos injected with the virus showed signs of disease compared to the other oil-containing groups.

Conclusions:

This study concludes that the current findings indicate that the oil of N. sativa will be a worthy antiviral and may have a function in disease control.
Assessment of the Levels of Interleukin-10, Tumor Necrosis-α, and Interferon-γ in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infected Patients
Authors: Jawad Dhuhah Hayder Abdul , Mezher Musa Nima
Published: July 2024

Objectives:

This study aimed to evaluate differences in serum levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory biomarkers (interleukin-10 [IL-10], tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α], and interferon-gamma [IFN-γ]) in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) between hospitalized and mild SARS-COV-2 infected patients.

Materials and Methods:

the samples were collected from 60 SARS-COV-2 infected patients at the laboratories of Al Amal-Hospital for Communicable Diseases and Department of Public Health in the Iraqi Ministry of Health and Environment from the first of January to the first of May with ages ranging from 20 to 80 years comprising 38 males and 22 females were included in the study. Fifty healthy individuals without any signs or symptoms of the disease were selected as a normal control group. According to the severity of the disease, infected individuals were grouped into three groups: mild cases (29), severe cases (18), and critical cases (13).

Results:

The results revealed that of the 60 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infected patients, 13 patients had critical symptoms, 29 patients had mild symptoms, and 18 patients had severe symptoms of COVID-19 disease. Among 60 patients, the ages ranging from 20 to 80 years, of these 38 (63%) were males and 22 (37%) were females. A high significant elevation in the level of serum IL-10, TNF-α, and IFN-γ in COVID-19 patients compared with healthy control groups (IL-10 = 47.72 ± 12.53 and 0.91 ± 0.66 pg/mL, P < 0.001; TNF-α = 52.17 ± 13.75 and 0.98 ± 0.70 pg/mL, P < 0.001; and IFN-γ = 90.14 ± 58.23 and 0.49 ± 0.693 ng/mL, P < 0.001). The most important noticeable was a decrease in IFN-γ levels from mild to critical groups of patients with COVID-19 and serum levels of TNF-α and IL-10 were significantly increased in severe and critical COVID-19 patients compared with healthy controls.

Conclusion:

This study concludes that IL-10, TNF-α, and IFN-γ levels might have a crucial role in determining the severity and mortality in COVID-19 patients.
Comparison of bone loss around submerged and non-submerged implants during osseointegration phase
Authors: Verma Manisha , Pathak Anjani K. , Verma Umesh P. , Patil Ranjit K. , Yadav Lakshya , Tiwari Arunesh K.
Published: July 2024

Background:

In Modern dentistry, the implant is the most popular and desirable management of tooth loss. Traditionally two stage (submerged) or one-stage (non-submerged) system has been added by many investigators. In the present study we evaluated the crestal bone loss during osseointegration phase among the three groups (i.e. submerged implants, non-submerged implants with anatomical healing abutment and non- submerged implants with esthetic healing abutment).

Material and Methods:

10 subjects with 30 implants, were enrolled in the study. Subjects were randomized in three groups i.e., group 1 submerged (n=10), group 2 non-submerged with anatomical healing abutment (n=10), group 3 non submerged with esthetic healing abutments (n=10). Intraoral periapical radiograph (IOPA), IMAGE J software and CBCT were used to evaluate the crestal bone loss around each implant at baseline, 1 and 3 months after implant placement.

Results:

Crestal bone loss at the end of the 3months (osseointegration phase) was lowest in the submerged group (0.18+-0.06mm) followed by non-submerged esthetic group (0.21+-0.03mm) but it was statistically insignificant. Maximum amount of bone loss was observed in non-submerged anatomical abutment group (0.34+-0.03mm) which was highly significant.

Conclusion:

It can be concluded that submerged implants technique is a better option in comparison to non-submerged implant technique in terms of radiographical performance during initial phases of osseointegration.
Morphometric analysis of the supraorbital region for sexual dimorphism: A study on Brazilian adult dry skulls
Authors: de Lima Allana Muniz , Garbelotti Silvio Antônio , Serrano Rafael Verardi , Palma Luiz Felipe , de Moraes Luís Otávio Carvalho
Published: July 2024

Introduction:

Pelvis, long bones, and skull are good indicators of sexual dimorphism. In the skull, the supraorbital region is considered a highly sexually dimorphic part. Thus, the present study aimed to analyze the sexual dimorphism of Brazilian adult dry skulls using conventional and geometric morphometry.

Materials and Methods:

Conventional morphometry was performed on 179 skulls, through the analysis of six linear measurements. For geometric morphometry, 89 skulls (right side) were selected and seven landmarks were considered. Generalized procrustes analysis, principal component analysis, and linear discriminant analysis were then carried out.

Results:

All linear measurements presented differences between both sexes. Geometric morphometry showed that 77.05% of the sample variation could be explained by the first three principal components. Moreover, considering the centroid size, there was a difference in shape between the sexes. Geometric morphometry classified sex correctly in 77.32% of the skulls and conventional morphometry from 60.89% to 73.74%.

Conclusions:

According to the analyses, the supraorbital region presents significant sexual dimorphism in Brazilian adult dry skulls. Moreover, it can be analyzed efficiently by both conventional and geometric morphometry, although the latter seems to be slightly more accurate.
A 3-Dimensional finite element analysis of patient-specific implant (with strut abutments) interface on stress concentration on the implant and surrounding bone in bilateral maxillary deformities
Authors: Datarkar Abhay N. , Pardiwala Arwa F. , Relan Priyanka , Daware Surendra , Gadve Vandana , Deshpande Archana , Ghormade Ashlesha
Published: July 2024

Purpose:

To determine the efficacy and longevity of patient-specific implants (PSIs) with strut abutment design to rehabilitate bilateral maxillectomy defect.

Materials and Methods:

Finite Element Analysis was performed on a PSI with strut abutments to repair a patient’s bilateral maxillectomy defect due to COVID associated mucormycosis.

Results:

The von Mises stress recorded was maximum in the zygomaticomaxillary buttress region, and displacement values were noted to be highest in the posterior-most strut, although both parameters were within acceptable limits, which is favorable.

Conclusion:

The authors draw the conclusion that a PSI with strut abutments is a workable therapeutic modality for patients with these kinds of abnormalities based on this information.
Healing of periosteal pedicle graft in the treatment of gingival recession defects: A histological study in rabbits
Authors: Asi Kanwarjit Singh , Mahajan Ajay , Rayast Deepa
Published: July 2024

Purpose:

Various surgical techniques are described in the literature to manage gingival recession defects but the histopathologic evidence to support the current available techniques, is scarce. Recently periosteal pedicle graft (PPG) has proven to be an effective treatment option to treat gingival recession defects (GRD) with results comparable to subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG).

Objective:

The present histopathological study was done to evaluate the healing pattern of periosteal pedicle autogenous graft along with coronally advanced flap in the treatment of gingival recession defects.

Materials and Methods:

The present study was performed on 10 sites in 5 rabbits. Two sites were selected in each animal and gingival recession defects were surgically created and then treated using periosteal pedicle pedicle graft along with coronally advanced flap procedure. Healing pattern was assessed histopathologically at pre-defined intervals till 6 months.

Results:

On the 7th day of healing, dilated blood vessels with inflammatory cells were seen, while rudimentary rete-pegs appeared on 14th day. Between 3 months to 6 months, advanced histological repair with connective tissue organization with initiation of junctional epithelium, cementum and bone formation were observed.

Conclusion:

Gingival recession defects treated with PPG had evidences of regeneration of cementum, bone and periodontal ligament fibers with new connective tissue attachment.
Global weak solutions to a time-periodic body-liquid interaction problem
Authors: Bonheure Denis , Galdi Giovanni P.
Published: July 2024

We prove existence of time-periodic weak solutions to the coupled liquid-structure problem constituted by an incompressible Navier–Stokes fluid interacting with a rigid body of finite size, subject to an
undamped
linear restoring force. The fluid flow is generated by a uniform, time-periodic velocity field

{\boldsymbol V}

far from the body. We emphasize that our result is global, in the sense that no restriction is imposed on the magnitude of

{\boldsymbol V}

and, rather remarkably, the frequency of

{\boldsymbol V}

is entirely arbitrary. Thus, in particular, it can coincide with any multiple of a natural frequency of vibration of the body so that, with this model, resonance cannot occur. Although based on the classical “invading domains” technique, our approach requires several new ideas. Indeed, due to the lack of sufficient dissipation, it appears quite unfeasible to show the existence of a fixed point of the Poincaré map at the finite-dimensional level along the Galerkin approximant. Therefore, unlike the usual strategy, such a result must be proven directly in a class of weak solutions, and therefore in the infinite-dimensional framework.
Periodontal disease: A silent factor in the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Lomelí Martínez Sarah Monserrat , Cortés Trujillo Irán , Martínez Nieto Melissa , Mercado González Ana Esther
Published: July 2024

The global increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications presents significant challenges to public health. Recently, per-iodontal disease (PD) was recognized as a factor that is likely to influence the progression of T2DM and its complications due to its potential to exacerbate systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. In this editorial, we comment on the article published by Thazhe Poyil et al in the very recent issue of the World Journal of Diabetes in 2024, which investigated the correlation between PD and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in T2DM patients, with emphasis on the association between periodontal swollen surface area, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and lipoprotein (a). The findings by Thazhe Poyil et al are significant as they demonstrate a strong link between PD and DR in T2DM patients. This correlation highlights the importance of addressing periodontal health in diabetes management to potentially reduce the risk and severity of DR, a complication of diabetes. The integration of periodontal evaluation and treatment into diabetes care protocols may lead to improved glycemic control and better overall outcomes for T2DM patients . A few studies have established an interconnection between PD and diabetic complication, specifically DR, in T2DM patients, which we aim to highlight in this editorial. Emphasis was placed on the different mechanisms that suggest a bidirectional relationship between PD and T2DM, where the presence of periodontal inflammation negatively influenced glycemic control and contributed to the development and progression of DR through shared inflammatory and vascular mechanisms. This article highlights the importance of collaboration amongst diabetes specialists, ophthalmologists, periodontists, and public health professionals to advance the prevention, early detection, and treatment of PD and DR. This will improve the health and quality of life of T2DM patients. Moreover, the editorial highlights the need for further research on the specific molecular and immunological mechanisms that underlie the link between periodontitis and DR, with identification of common inflammatory biomarkers and signaling pathways. This is expected to facilitate effective direction of therapeutic objectives, thereby improving the management of diabetes and its complications through integrated care that incorporates oral health.
Additional comments on extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells mediate extracellular matrix remodeling in osteoarthritis
Authors: Pei Hang , Zhang Yi , Wang Chao , He Bang-Jian
Published: July 2024

Recently, we read an article published by the Yang et al . The results of this study indicated that engineered exosomes loaded with microRNA-29a (miR-29a) alleviate knee inflammation and maintain extracellular matrix stability in Sprague Dawley rats. The study’s results provide useful information for treating knee osteoarthritis (KOA). This letter, shares our perspectives on treating KOA using engineered exosomes for miR-29a.
Current perspectives on mesenchymal stem cells as a potential therapeutic strategy for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Jiang Yan , Yusoff Narazah Mohd , Du Jiang , Moses Emmanuel Jairaj , Lin Jun-Tang
Published: July 2024

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as a significant health challenge, characterized by its widespread prevalence, intricate natural progression and multifaceted pathogenesis. Although NAFLD initially presents as benign fat accumulation, it may progress to steatosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are recognized for their intrinsic self-renewal, superior biocompatibility, and minimal immunogenicity, positioning them as a therapeutic innovation for liver diseases. Therefore, this review aims to elucidate the potential roles of MSCs in alleviating the progression of NAFLD by alteration of underlying molecular pathways, including glycolipid metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and fibrosis. The insights are expected to provide further understanding of the potential of MSCs in NAFLD therapeutics, and support the development of MSC-based therapy in the treatment of NAFLD.
HPV vaccines and a future without cervical cancer in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Ezeanochie Michael
Published: July 2024

Cervical cancer remains a global public health problem with the annual number of new cases and deaths projected to increase to 700000 and 400,000 in 2030, respectively. Unfortunately, about 85% of woman affected by cervical cancer are young, undereducated and live in the world’s poorest regions like sub-Saharan Africa including Nigeria. Although high income countries (HIC) have reduced morbidity and mortality from cervical cancer by about 80% using cytology (pap smears) for population-based screening cervices in the past 60 years, many low-middle-income-countries (LMIC) in sub-Saharan Africa have not been able to replicate it due to limited resources and challenges with the personnel, laboratory and logistics requirements, competing health needs and the appropriate political commitment. Addressing the barriers to achieving the 90:70:90 targets by 2030 will help the region towards a sustainable pathway to eliminate cervical cancer by 2120.
Effect of a bi-herbal formula extract on ETS Variant-6 and Nuclear Factor Erythroid-2 Genes expression in Phenyl-Hydrazine induced anaemia in Albino Wistar rats
Authors: Obazelu PA , Gaius-Igboanugwo CO
Published: July 2024

Background: Alterations in the expressions of ETS variant-6 (ETV6) and Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2 (NFE2) may occur as part of cellular response to phenyl-hydrazine administration and the need to replenish RBCs. Understanding the relationship between phenyl-hydrazine-induced damage, erythropoiesis, and transcriptional regulation mediated by ETV6 and NFE2 provides valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying anaemia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of bi-herbal formula of Picralima nitida and Cymbopogon citratus aqueous leaf extracts on ETV6 and NFE2 gene expressions in phenyl-hydrazine induced anaemia in albino Wistar rats.
 Methods: A total of 60 adult male albino Wistar rats were divided into six groups; A, B, C, D, E and F representing control, phenyl-hydrazine group, ferrous sulphate group, phenyl-hydrazine+ 100mg/kg bi-herbal formulation of Picralima nitida and Cymbopogon citratus, phenyl-hydrazine+ 200mg/kg bi-herbal formulation of Picralima nitida and Cymbopogon citratus and phenyl-hydrazine+ 400mg/kg bi-herbal formulation of Picralima nitida and Cymbopogon citratus respectively. Messenger RNA (mRNA) ETV6 and NFE2 were determined using polymerase chain reaction.
 Results: mRNA expression of ETV6 of group B was higher when compared to group A (p<0.05). Groups C and D showed statistically significant higher expression of ETV6 when compared to group A and B (p=0.001). There was a significant decrease in the mRNA expression of NFE2 of group B when compared to group A (p=0.001). Groups E and F showed statistically significant lower expressions of NFE2 when compared to groups A and B (p=0.001).
 Conclusion: Phenyl-hydrazine and bi-herbal formulation of Picralima nitida and Cymbopogon citratus caused positive alterations in ETV6 and NFE2.
Studies on Crambidae III: New genus of Pyraustinae for the Afrotropical region. (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae: Pyraustinae)
Authors: Maes Koen V.N.
Published: July 2024

A new monotypic genus Afreuclasta with its type species: Afreuclasta ruwenzoriensis sp. nov. is described from East Africa. The genus is placed in the Pyraustinae, Euclastini, and its generic placement is discussed.
A reliable downlink MIMO algorithm for mitigating the effect of user equipment mobility in multi-user MIMO in fifth-generation and beyond networks
Authors: Akajewole M. A. , Onyishi D. U.
Published: July 2024

Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) wireless systems offer substantial capacity gains over conventional wireless channels, making them well-suited for future high-speed wireless communications. However, ensuring high Quality of Service (QoS) for users in terms of signal quality, data speed, and reliability are some of the challenges of 5G wireless cellular networks. However, the effect of users’ mobility potentially may result in significant inter-beam interference, which increases the probability of outage in a Multi-User-MIMO (MU-MIMO) system. Although several studies have been carried out to mitigate the probability of outage, most of the studies either considered the impact of user mobility or User Equipment (UE) stationarity in determining outage performance or have used methods with high computational complexity that ignore one or both inter-beam interference and interference from the mobile UEs. This paper presents a model that minimizes the outage probability in the downlink of both mobile and stationary UEs in an MU-MIMO system. This proposed model to mitigate the outages encountered by mobile UEs in different scenarios: when a single UE is mobile when half of the UEs are mobile, and when all UEs are mobile within the proposed MU-MIMO system. These scenarios are assessed within a defined time frame to gauge the extent to which they reduce outage probability and enhance the spectral efficiency of the MU-MIMO system. Simulation results showed that the probability of outage in a discrete time frame and for UEs that are mobile in a discrete-time frame increased as the density of M increased. However, the proposed model minimized the probability of outage and improved the spectral efficiency in comparison to existing systems.
Internet of medical things (IOMT) enabled third-party monitoring model for infectious diseases control during epidemics
Authors: Erike A. I. , Ikerionwu C. O. , Mshelia Y. U. , Elei F. O.
Published: July 2024

Infectious diseases pose a very significant threat to development of the society and the world at large. With several outbreaks of diseases like Monkeypox, Lassa fever, SARS, COVID-19, etc, the global economy was grossly affected. The rate of transfer and mortality associated with similar outbreaks is alarming. This research presents a novel approach utilizing the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) to develop a third-party notification model. This model uses IoMT's ubiquitous connectivity to notify even ordinary individuals of the presence of an infectious disease vector within a specified range. A four-tier architecture, including cloud and web API blocks, healthcare provider management, IoT sensory, and notification blocks forms the bedrock of the model. The research focuses on developing a Location Tracking Device (LTD) prototype that incorporates the Haversine formula for real-time distance calculation between individuals performed at the edge using the location data supplied by the LTDs as input parameters. The optimization of data reception rates was based on the average human walking speed in order to enhance response time of the system. Results from testing the prototype demonstrate an average of 4.68s response delay which corresponds to an offset of about 6.85m from the real vector distance calculation. The research implementation challenges include the internet connection speed, network availability, and topography. Despite these challenges, the IoMT-enabled model introduces a promising approach to infectious disease-carrier monitoring, integrating personalized carrier/vector-presence awareness with associated risks within the disease control ecosystem. Hence, every user can use the LTD during an epidemic to help track the user’s nearness to a symptomatic person thereby helping to control the spread of infectious diseases during epidemics.
Evaluation of wetland plants treatment potentials for acid mine drainage in Tanzania
Authors: MarwA A.
Published: July 2024

Acid mine drainage occurs when sulfide minerals in mining activities come into contact with water and air, generating water with a low pH, high levels of sulfate, and metals. Treating acid mine drainage is a major challenge in gold mining operations worldwide and can be very costly. This study aims to screen and experimentally test potential local wetland plants for acid mine drainage treatment. Selected wetland plants were tested in a 12-liter plastic container, simulating a wetland treatment. The results of this study revealed that four out of six plants survived under acid mine drainage conditions. These plants included Cyperus imbricatus, Pennisetum purpureum, Typha latifolia, and Phragmites mauritianus,which all showed survival over the 63 days of experimental monitoring. The remaining two plants, Ipomea aquatica and water lotus (Nymphaeaceae), died within seven days of the experiment. The surviving plants were able to increase the pH from 3.2 to 7.1 and lower the levels of sulfate and metals in the acid mine drainage water. Furthermore, these four plants were able to improve the water quality by more than 94%, reducing heavy metal levels significantly (Mn from 53 to 1 mg/L, Ni from 2.4 to 0.3 mg/L, and Fe from 2.3 to 0.03 mg/L). This study suggests that selected local wetland plants have the potential to be a sustainable technology for treating acid mine drainage water.
Comparison of split tensile strength of concrete using basalt and granite as coarse aggregates
Authors: Idagu F. O. , Onwuka D. O. , Okere C. E. , Onwuka U. S.
Published: July 2024

This work aims at comparing the splitting tensile strength of basalt concrete mix with granite concrete mix. A total of 24 cylindrical concrete specimens of diameter 100mm and length 200mm were made in the laboratory. The British standard mix design method was used to obtain four different mix designs for batching the ingredients comprising ordinary Portland cement, river sand, water, granite and basalt with two mix designs each corresponding to basalt and granite samples. The specimens were cured for 28 days and tested for splitting tensile strength. The results show equivalent values of splitting tensile strength for basalt and granite samples with values for granite samples slightly higher than those of basalt samples. The average splitting tensile strength of the basalt samples B1, B2, B3, B4, B5 and B6 are 11.10 N/mm2, 10.37 N/mm2, 11.37 N/mm2, 10.13 N/mm2, 11.60 N/mm2, 10.25N/mm2 respectively while that of the granite samples G1 and G2 are 11.52 N/mm2 and 10.58N/mm2 respectively. The corresponding mix ratios are 1:1.96:2.81 for B1, B3, and B5 samples, 1:2.25:2.75 for B2, B4, and B6 samples, 1:1.80:2.75 for G1 sample and 1:2.07:2.76 for G2 sample.
Process capacity improvement by equipment and operations control ratios in de-husking lines of small-scale rice processing factories
Authors: Achebe C. N. , Nwanya S. C. , Enibe S. O.
Published: July 2024

Inadequate knowledge of equipment and operations control ratios which contribute largely to low process capacity in the de-husking lines of small-scale rice processing factories is one of the critical challenges to improving rice processing in Sub-Saharan African countries, particularly Nigeria where capacity deficit leads to rice importation. This study seeks to empirically investigate equipment and operations control ratios in de-husking lines of small-scale factories in order to explore their potential and improve process capacity. The objectives are to determine the equipment and operations effectiveness, identify the root causes of inefficiency, and prioritize improvement efforts in the de-husking lines. The study was carried out in 10 selected factories of a milling cluster where production data for 2017-2022 was collected to complement data obtained through direct observation during processing hours and structured interviews. Microsoft Excel and Scilab software were used for data analysis based on existing models and other mathematical models developed for this study. Fluctuations observed in the process capacities of the de-husking lines from 2017-2022 indicated variabilities in equipment availability and performance. The overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) was generally below 50% which indicates production losses caused by frequent downtime and reduced speed of the machines. The overall operations effectiveness (OOE) were below 40%, and that implies the de-husking lines do not respond well to unscheduled downtime or unexpected tasks to reduce downtime for process capacity improvement. Tracing other potential to be unlocked to improve process capacity with the existing machines in the de-husking lines; the total effective equipment performance (TEEP) values were found below 25%, leaving 75% potential to be unlocked. Reliability modelling before machine installation, preventive maintenance, extended work scheduling, continuous training of workforce to reduce delays in equipment repairs are some of the measures to increase machine availability and improve process capacity in de-husking lines of small-scale rice processing factories.
Podcast, czyli od przekazu audialnego w stronę jego audiowizualnych odsłon. Perspektywa mediolingwistyczna
Authors: Kalisz Aleksandra
Published: July 2024

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie z perspektywy multimodalnej i genologicznej złożonej natury podcastu, przejawiającej się zarówno w jego audialnej, jak i audiowizualnej odsłonie. Odpowiednio dobrane narzędzia genologii lingwistycznej oraz parametry mediolingwistyczne pozwoliły nie tylko na ustalenie mechanizmów kształtujących warstwę genologiczną podcastu, lecz także na uchwycenie funkcji, jaką pełnią poszczególne kody semiotyczne zawarte w tym osobliwym zjawisku medialnym. Analiza zebranego materiału badawczego w pierwszej kolejności umożliwiła dostrzeżenie w podcaście tekstu multimodalnego, w którym to warstwa słowna, mimo niezwykłej ekspansywności ruchomego obrazu, w znacznym stopniu determinuje ten rodzaj przekazu. Z kolei obserwacja płaszczyzny genologicznej wykazała, że podcast jest gatunkiem medialnym o szerokim wachlarzu komponentów, których dobór w zależności od zamysłu twórcy konkretnego nagrania można by rozpatrywać w kategoriach Wittgensteinowskiej gry językowej, gdzie coraz wyraźniej w obrębie pojedynczego odcinka dochodzi do współwystępowania gatunków na zasadach adaptacji czy alternacji. Wybrane do analizy tytuły ujawniły, że ukazująca się coraz częściej odsłona wizualna podcastu, określana mianem wideocastu, podyktowana jest raczej chęcią ukazania tego, kto mówi, niż ma związek z występowaniem w badanych przekazach określonego zestawu gatunków czy konkretnych form podawczych.
VULNERACIÓN Y PROTECCIÓN JURÍDICA DE LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS DE LA COMUNIDAD LGTB
Authors: Garnique Lluen Lesly Estefany , Labrin Celi Nestor Eduardo , Ordinola Quintana Nuria Shirley
Published: July 2024

El presente artículo investigativo analizó la protección jurídica de los derechos de la comunidad LGTB en Perú 2023 frente a la ola creciente de homicidios cometidos en contra de la vida de dichas personas que como sujetos de derechos se ven vulnerados. En el que se trazó como objetivo; determinar la necesidad de incluir como agravante al homicidio calificado a la homofobia, ello al amparo de la seguridad jurídica del derecho a la vida de la comunidad LGTB. Elaborado mediante una metodología cualitativa con un diseño básico, en el que se adquirió información mediante una guía de entrevista ejecutada a los participantes que fueron seleccionados por ser expertos conocedores del tema investigado, quienes dieron aportes valiosísimos para el desarrollo de la investigación. Obteniendo como resultados que, la afectación de los derechos de la comunidad LGTB generados por racismo, homofobia, cólera, resentimiento, discriminación entre muchos otros por su condición de tal, por ello la necesidad de que se incluya una normativa particular que disminuya este tipo de delito contra los derechos de la comunidad LGTB. Concluyendo que la homofobia genera mayor índice de homicidios a la comunidad LGTB vulnerando así los derechos de dicha colectividad por la falta de normativa específica que regule la agravante de homicidio calificado ante los delitos cometidos contra el derecho a la vida.
DA RESISTÊNCIA À DESOBEDIÊNCIA
Authors: Quaglia Giovanna
Published: July 2024

O presente artigo é uma leitura psicanalítica de Antígona, como exemplo de ato político regido pelo feminino. Partindo da noção de ato em Lacan apresenta-se Antígona como uma representante da lógica do não todo submetido a norma fálica. Para além de enterrar os mortos, Antígona pode ser lida como ato de resistência e desobediência as tentativas totalitárias de usurpar da polis aquilo que é mais sagrado, os direitos humanos. A partir da voz de uma mulher podemos ecoar uma fala na luta pela igualdade.
La evolución de la contabilidad en la era digital: La profesión contable en el Ecuador
Authors: Juca Banchón Yenny Cecilia , Moreno Narváez Verónica Paulina
Published: July 2024

Este estudio examina la percepción de los contadores profesionales del Ecuador sobre la contabilidad digital, utilizando un enfoque mixto, no experimental. Se recopilaron datos mediante encuestas a 55 contadores, evaluando la relevancia, confiabilidad, eficiencia y transparencia de la contabilidad digital. Los resultados revelan una percepción positiva hacia la contabilidad digital, con una fuerte consideración de su relevancia y confiabilidad. Además, se destaca su contribución a la eficiencia en la interacción de sistemas contables, la integración con otros sistemas empresariales y la mejora en la transparencia y rendición de cuentas. Sin embargo, se identifican áreas de mejora en la implementación efectiva de sistemas digitales y la integración de prácticas tradicionales. En conclusión, la contabilidad digital representa una transformación relevante en las prácticas contables, impulsando la eficiencia y la transparencia, pero requiere un mayor avance en la adopción y optimización de tecnologías digitales.
Pengaruh Pengalaman Magang dan Kepribadian Enterprising Terhadap Kesiapan Kerja Dengan Minat Karir Sebagai Variabel Mediasi
Authors: Gosali Cindy , Vito Poh , Remiasa Marcus
Published: July 2024

Salah satu penyebab tingginya angka pengangguran di bebabkan oleh kurangnya kersiapan kerja sehingga tidak mampu bersaing dalam dunia kerja yang sedang berlangsung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengalaman magang dan kepribadian enterprising terhadap kesiapan kerja mahasiswa Universitas Kristen Petra dengan minat karir sebagai variabel perantara. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis data kuantitatif. Metode yang digunakan untuk penelitian ini adalah membagikan kuesioner dengan jumlah responden 78 orang. Hasil yang didapat dari eksplorasi ini adalah pengalaman magang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kesiapan kerja, pengalaman magang tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat karir, kepribadian enterprising berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kesiapan kerja, kepribadian enterprising berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat karir, minat karir tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kesiapan kerja, minat karir tidak berpengaruh signifikan sebagai mediasi pengalaman magang terhadap kesiapan kerja, dan minat karir tidak berpengaruh signifikan sebagai mediasi kepribadian enterprising terhadap kesiapan kerja.
Analisis Yuridis Tentang Tanggung Jawab Owner Kapal dalam Terjadinya Kecelakaan Kapal
Authors: Pinantoan Tuamy , Widiarty Wiwik Sri , Tehupeiory Aartje
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini mengkaji implementasi kewajiban pemilik kapal diharuskan memeberikan perlindungan asuransi kapal mereka dengan asuransi penyingkiran kerangka kapal di Indonesia. Fokus penelitian bertujuan guna untuk memahami, mengkaji, dan melakukan penjelasan tentang tanggung jawab pemilik kapal dalam kejadian tubrukan atau kecelakaan kapal di Indonesia. Metode yang diggunakan daam penelitian yaitu metode hukum yuridis normatif atau kepustakaan, melibatkan sifat deskriptif-analitis, yang berfokus guna menyajikan penjelasan dan analisis yang detail, terstruktur, dan keseluruhan tentang perlindungan hukum dan tanggung jawab pemilik kapal terhadap kecelakaan kapal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun ada regulasi yang mengatur kewajiban ini, pematuhan masih rendah disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor seperti kecukupan modal yang minim dan lemahnya pengawasan pemerintah. Pentingnya pemilik kapal memahami asuransi ini sebagai perlindungan aset, bukan hanya sebagai tanggung jawab publik, juga ditekankan. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa meskipun ada regulasi yang jelas tentang kewajiban pemilik kapal untuk mengasuransikan kapal mereka, implementasinya masih menghadapi tantangan.
Analisis Pendekatan Restorative Justice pada Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas yang Melibatkan Anak di Bawah Umur
Authors: Maria Angelia Yosephine
Published: July 2024

Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012 tentang Sistem Peradilan Anak mengatur bahwa anak yang berhadapan dengan hukum, baik sebagai pelaku, korban, maupun saksi, berhak atas perlindungan dan rehabilitasi hukum sebagai landasan filosofis. Undang-undang ini berlaku untuk anak di bawah usia 18 tahun, menekankan penerapan Keadilan Restoratif sebagai pendekatan yang memprioritaskan rehabilitasi dan rekonsiliasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan menjelaskan penerapan Pendekatan Restorative Justice pada kasus kecelakaan lalu lintas yang melibatkan anak di bawah umur, sebagaimana dicontohkan dalam Putusan Perkara Nomor 123/Pid.Sus/2014/PN. Jkt.Tim. Penelitian ini mengadopsi jenis penelitian yuridis-normatif, dengan menggunakan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan atau pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan. Teknik pengumpulan data melibatkan penelitian kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan Pendekatan Restorative Justice pada kasus kecelakaan lalu lintas yang melibatkan anak di bawah umur, sebagaimana terlihat pada Putusan Perkara Nomor 123/Pid.Sus/2014/PN. Jkt.Tim., menyoroti perlunya pendekatan dan bimbingan hukum yang lebih rehabilitatif bagi pelaku remaja. Prinsip-prinsip Keadilan Restoratif, berfokus pada pemulihan hubungan, tanggung jawab, dan rekonsiliasi, memberikan kesempatan untuk melibatkan anak dalam proses rehabilitasi dan menawarkan kesempatan untuk perbaikan perilaku. Keputusan untuk membebaskan anak dari sanksi pidana dalam kasus Abdul Qadir Jaelani menunjukkan penekanan hakim pada prinsip pemulihan daripada hukuman belaka, terutama dalam konteks kurangnya perhatian orang tua kepada anak.