bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New insights from old data - Hunting for compounds with novel mechanisms using cellular high-throughput screening profiles with Grey Chemical Matter
Authors: Thomas Jason R , Shelton IV Claude , Murphy Jason , Brittain Scott , Bray Mark-Anthony , Aspesi Peter , Concannon John , King Frederick J , Ihry Robert J , Ho Daniel J , Henault Martin , Hadjikyriacou Andrea , Neri Marilisa , Sigoillot Frederic D , Pham Helen T , Shum Matthew , Barys Louise , Jones Michael D , Martin Eric J , Blechschmidt Anke , Rieffel Sébastien , Troxler Thomas J , Mapa Felipa A , Jenkins Jeremy L , Jain Rishi K , Kutchukian Peter S , Schirle Markus , Renner Steffen
Published: October 2023

Identifying high quality chemical starting points is a critical and challenging step in drug discovery, which typically involves screening large compound libraries or repurposing of compounds with known mechanisms of actions (MoAs). Here we introduce a novel cheminformatics approach that mines existing large-scale, phenotypic high throughput screening (HTS) data. Our method aims to identify bioactive compounds with distinct and specific MoAs, serving as a valuable complement to existing focused library collections. This approach identifies chemotypes with selectivity across multiple cell-based assays and characterized by persistent and broad structure activity relationships (SAR). We prospectively demonstrate the validity of the approach in broad cellular profiling assays (cell painting, DRUG-seq, Promotor Signature Profiling) and chemical proteomics experiments where the compounds behave similarly to known chemogenetic libraries, but with a bias towards novel protein targets and required no synthetic effort to improve compound properties. A public set of such compounds is provided based on the PubChem BioAssay dataset for use by the scientific community.
Deriving Fear of Crime Factors through VR Experience in Public Toilet
Authors:   KOREA CPTED ASSOCIATION, Cha YooJung , Song Jeong-hwa
Published: October 2023

Recently, many women in Korea are afraid of violent crimes and sex crimes in public toilets. The purpose of this study is to specifically and empirically identify the fear of crime factors that can be felt in public toilets. In this study, VR was implemented with actual public toilet elements in order to minimize the risk of actual crime exposure and time and cost problems that could be occurred through field experiences, and fear factors were derived through survey after VR experiment. As a result of this study, respondents were found to have fears about the location of the toilets, all-gender toilets, the brightness, maintenance, management of the public toilets, and specific fear of crime related to sex crimes were high. In addition, it was confirmed that the evaluation of each VR element showed differences depending on the level of fear felt by the individual. Through these results, we would like to provide implications such as the separation of men and women in public toilets, installing CCTV around the public toilets, and attaching notification statements related to emergency bells.
A Study on the Improvement of Vulnerable Elements through the Analysis of Crime Data on University Campuses
Authors:   KOREA CPTED ASSOCIATION, Hong Sung-Jin , Lee Kyung-Hoon , Han Gisung
Published: October 2023

The aim of this study is to derive the design factors of CPTED through the analysis of crime data on university campuses. Through prior research, campus crime analysis was reflected based on the Routine activity theory, and campus crime data was analyzed from four perspectives: criminal with motivated offender, suitable target, absence of guardians, and matching place and the time of crime.
First, it is the result of analyzing criminals with motivated offender. There were many crimes by insiders, especially college students, who are members of the school, and sexual assault and violence were committed by outsiders, not by school members. And It has been showed that some violent offenders are under the influence of alcohol.
Second, in the results of analysis about suitable target, The proportion of victims of insider, such as students and faculty members, accounted for the majority with 97.7% of theft, 97.4% of sexual assault, and 80.8% of violence. In the analysis by gender, men accounted for 51.9% and women 48.1% of theft damage, while women accounted for 97.4% of sexual assault, but men accounted for 76.9% of violence. As a result of the analysis, most of the items damaged by theft were laptops, wallets, and cash that could be easily accessed and moved.
Third, it is the result of the analysis of the absence of guardians. The state of not protecting the victim or the damaged item was analyzed. The theft was damaged while 93.2 percent were away, and in the case of sexual violence, 76.3 percent had no one to ask for help. However, violence occurred even in situations where 73.1% were around when it occurred. As a result of spatial analysis, theft and sexual assault were common in places such as closed lecture rooms and club rooms without being seen from the outside, and violence was mostly committed in open spaces outside. In terms of CCTV installation, theft occurred more in places where CCTVs were installed than in places where CCTVs were not installed.
Fourth, in the result of analyzing the place and the time of the crime. As classifying by campus places, crimes occurred in the order of class room(40.1%), living space(15.2%), outdoor space(12.2%), and library(8.1%). As for the total crime time, crimes occurred the most during the afternoon from 12:00 to 6:00 pm, and violence occurred during the night time, which is the time after class.
Through campus crime data analysis, comprehensive campus security plans are needed to take into account the user needs for security and spatiotemporal risk characteristics, and crime prevention measures should be established through CPTED's strategies.
It is important to establish crime prevention measures through CPTED strategies and to design them so that they do not go against autonomy, creative studies, and a pleasant natural environment.
Attainment of the Health Outcomes by Implementing Educational Videos During the Final Part of the Physical Education Lesson
Authors:   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Kinesiology, Zagreb, Croatia, Hrg Krešimir , Lončar Petra ,   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Kinesiology, Zagreb, Croatia, Haber Zelanto Wanda ,   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Kinesiology, Zagreb, Croatia, Novak Dario ,   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Kinesiology, Zagreb, Croatia, Podnar Hrvoje ,   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Kinesiology, Zagreb, Croatia
Published: October 2023

This study investigated the impact of educational video content in the final part of the PE lesson on students’ health literacy and their perceptions of the usefulness and satisfaction of PE lessons. The study included 160 students in grades 6 to 8 from an elementary school in Croatia, with an average age of 13.75 years, of which 93 (58%) were female. The experimental group (n=111) participated in the PE lessons with educational video content, while the control group (n=49) participated in the standard PE lesson. At the beginning and at the end of the research, both groups completed a theoretical written knowledge test on health literacy and a questionnaire to assess attitudes towards PE lessons. An ANCOVA was used to measure the impact of the experimental programme on post-intervention results while including initial results as a covariate. After the experiment, statistically significant differences were observed between the results of the experimental and control groups of students for Theoretical knowledge (9.90±0.29 vs. 8.33±0.43, F(1,159) = 8.998, p = 0.003) and Perception of the usefulness of PE lessons (2.93±0.06 vs 2.69±0.09, F(1,163) = 4.434, p = 0.037), while no statistically significant differences were observed for Satisfaction with PE lessons (2.95±0, 09 vs. 3.02±0.06, p = 0.553). The intervention positively affected students’ knowledge and perception of PE lessons without impairing their satisfaction, indicating that integrating educational video content into PE lessons connecting physical activity and health literacy is viable.
The Effect of an Exercise Program on the Biomechanics of the Shoulder Girdle in Overhead Shooting in High-level Handball Players
Authors:   Laboratory for the Evaluation of Human Biological Performance, Department of Physical Education & Sport Science, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Gkagkanas Konstantinos , Hatzimanouil Dimitris ,   Laboratory for the Evaluation of Human Biological Performance, Department of Physical Education & Sport Science, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Totlis Trifon ,   Aristotle University School of Medicine, Stavropoulou Georgia ,   Laboratory for the Evaluation of Human Biological Performance, Department of Physical Education & Sport Science, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Published: October 2023

Handball athletes are subjected to high loads, especially during the process of throwing or shooting overhead. These athletes often complain of pain and report unexplained loss of throwing velocity and throwing control. Shoulder dyskinesia and overuse syndrome have been identified as risk factors among elite handball athletes. Understanding the dynamics and kinematics of the throwing phase is vital for the exercise professional. This study evaluates the effect of an interventional exercise program on shoulder girdle biomechanics and overhead shooting. The sample consisted of 20 high level handball athletes from Greece. The athletes were divided into two groups: 10 in the study group, who were given the exercise program, and 10 in the control group, who only engaged in in-team handball training. Before and after the program, the following measurements were performed: a) angular measurements of abduction, adduction, flexion and extension of the shoulder; b) isokinetic evaluation of abduction flexion and adduction extension of the shoulder joint, at three angular velocities (60°/sec, 180°/sec and 300°/sec). Inferential statistics showed that there was a statistically significant difference in angular measurements with a reduction in range of motion for 10 of the study group. In the isokinetic assessment there was a statistically significant difference, in the 180°/sec velocities in flexion and extension, and in the deficit of flexion of both shoulders. In conclusion, the interventional exercise program had, to some extent, a beneficial effect on muscle strengthening of the shoulder girdle. The results of this study may suggest training guidelines, provide important information to exercise professionals, and provide feedback to handball athletes.
Fotogrametría aérea con UAV como herramienta para la conservación de sitios arqueológicos. Caso de estudio: Complejo La Esperanza
Authors: Palacios Orejuela Iván Fernando
Published: October 2023

La arqueología ecuatoriana se ha centrado especialmente en comprender el pasado de las regiones Costa y Sierra, dejando rezagada a la Amazonía, a pesar de guardar un pasado histórico de igual importancia. La cultura Upano es el principal asentamiento humano precolombino que habitó en el valle del Upano, en lo que hoy es el cantón Morona – sureste del Ecuador, cuyos sitios arqueológicos se encuentran en ambas márgenes del río Upano; uno de estos, es el complejo de montículos conocido como La Esperanza. Debido a la expansión urbana y falta de protección por parte de las instituciones responsables, la conservación de estos complejos se encuentran en riesgo. Una alternativa para levantar información que permita evidenciar el estado actual del patrimonio arqueológico, son los UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle). El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo aplicar fotogrametría aérea con UAV para determinar el estado de conservación delcomplejo arqueológico La Esperanza. Mediante la combinación de posicionamiento GNSS y la técnica Structure from Motion se obtuvieron productos fotogramétricos que demostraron un deterioro del sitio arqueológico, donde solo el 28.6% del complejo original existe actualmente. Gracias al avance de las geociencias, los UAV permite generar información cartográfica precisa y de bajo coste que sirven de insumos para trabajos arqueológicos.
Rethinking the Meaning of Learning Through Early Childhood‘s Records: Exploring Teachers’ Understanding Process of “Children’s Learning”
Authors:   Korean Society for Young Children Becoming Curriculum, Lee Sung-eun , Park Sun-Young , Oh Chai-sun
Published: October 2023

The 2019 revised Nuri Curriculum announcement placed play as one of the core elements of the educational curriculum, and children's learning had to be reinterpreted. In this study, we investigated the process of teachers' understanding of “early childhood learning” through the records of teachers and young children in children's classes at a fairy tale kindergarten.
I went exploring. The research process was analyzed by examining the experiences of the children through the teachers' records regarding the management of the school curriculum and the records of the children who completed the records, as well as the discussions at the field researchers' meetings. Research has shown that in the records of young children, the world they experience is reflected in the way they try to remember it, and when these records and teachers' records are intertwined, young children's learning emerges for the first time. did. The learning that became clear was that each child's individual experience was generated through encounters with the world, and had a unique character. Based on these research results, we reexamined young children's learning and discussed the role of teachers.
Encounters between a Tongue-Drum and 0-Year-Old Classroom Children, and Teacher’s Becoming-With
Authors:   Korean Society for Young Children Becoming Curriculum, Hue Jung Min , Lee Jin-Hee , Park So Yeun
Published: October 2023

This study illuminated how encounters with a tongue-drum invited specific memories, stories, relations, and actions from 0-year-old classroom children and their teacher. Paying close attention to the relational pedagogy of ‘becoming-with’, we hoped to understand spacetimematterings of the child-centered, play-centered curriculum, co-created by stakeholders. From April 2022 to February 2023, we generated research data through 12 interviews and frequent informal talks with the teacher, as well as sharing play observational records through SNS, classroom observations, interviewing the director, and collecting relevant documents including parental responses. Simultaneously, researchers also became engaged in mutual entanglement, transecting across and overlapping with one another through continuous rhizomatic movements. We discovered that encounters with a tongue-drum made the infant-toddlers respond with a variety of senses and memories, leading to agential, emergent actions. They sensed specific materiality of the tongue-drum, endowed unique meanings, and responded with various plays, while their teacher marveled at powerful capacities of infant-toddlers and became a co-actor of their co-created curriculum. We suggest that shifts of philosophical perspectives upon the ontology of learners and teachers as well as discourses of play and learning are needed for implementing the play-based, relational pedagogy, along with facilitating learning communities among everyone involved to make differences together.
Analyzing the Educational Content of Play-Based Early Childhood Education Curriculum: From the Perspective of Powerful Knowledge and Relational Epistemology.
Authors:   Korean Society for Young Children Becoming Curriculum, Choi Yoon-Kyeong , Lim Boo-Yeun
Published: October 2023

This study purpose to examine the educational content that emerges from a unique play-based early childhood education curriculum, which involves elements such as children, materials, teachers, play, interest, and experiences. The researcher interprets this content through a relational-epistemology by the perspective of 'Powerful Knowledge' from a critical and social realism, as well as the features of 'Neo-materialism' presented in the context of posthumanism. To explore educational content in the field, three teachers participated, engaging in an inquiry community and stimulated recall interviews. Data collection occurred from January to June of the 22nd year, with analysis completed by December of the same year. The research findings reveal that educational content is generated through intricate entanglements among open-elements involving children, materials, and teachers. The analysis results First, the study examines the knowledge embedded in play and life, observing educational content that transcends the boundaries of educational processes and curriculum-specific components. Second, the uniqueness of the early childhood education environment results in evolving educational content over time and space, shaped by the relationship between continuity and materials. Third, play opens the door to generative educational content, with teachers and young children creating and experimenting within play, resulting in educational outcomes. This research was possible to recognize that the implementation of early childhood education should start from how teachers perceive educational content, emphasizing the uniqueness of early childhood education. The educational content can encompass “moments of life, play, learning, immersion, joy, entanglement, rawness, respect, and care, as well as communication” that occur within the world of materials and the lives of children.
Earthen dams and dams
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Chernykh O. N.
Published: October 2023

The manual provides information on the design of earthen dams and dams from local materials for small agricultural hydroelectric complexes of the agro-industrial complex and bulk structures for reclamation systems for various purposes. The methodological bases of designing, designing and calculations of earth dams with the use of PC are contained. Concepts about the general properties and characteristics of soils for the construction of earthen dams and their operation are given. The textbook is intended for the development of theoretical material and the implementation of coursework, settlement-graphic and final work by bachelors in the direction 20.03.02 Environmental engineering and water use, direction Water resources management and environmental hydraulic structures, direction 35.03.11 "Hydromelioration" of the direction "Design and construction of hydromeliorative systems”, “Technique and technology of irrigation and drainage works” of the Federal State Educational Standard of the Higher Education. It is recommended for publication by the educational and methodological commission of the Institute of Land Reclamation, Water Management and Construction named after. A.N. Kostyakova, protocol No. 2 of September 18, 2023.
Комбинированный подход к калибровке монокристального дифрактометра. Изучение структуры CsLiMo3O10 в интервале 90-450 К
Authors: Серебренникова П.C. , Комаров В.Ю. , Трифонов В.А. , Панченко А.В. , Громилов С.А.
Published: October 2023

Предложен ряд подходов к уточнению параметров элементарных ячеек монокристаллов на серийных лабораторных дифрактометрах, оснащенных 2D-детекторами, и соответствующий математический аппарат для обработки полученных результатов. Их использование продемонстрировано на примере ромбических кристаллов LiCsMo3O10, выращенных низкоградиентным методом Чохральского при двух разных ориентациях затравок, рентгеноструктурный анализ показал их тождественность. Показано, что параметры элементарных ячеек кристаллов совпадают в пределах оцененной погрешности измерений. Проведено исследование температурного хода параметров элементарной ячейки в диапазоне температур 90-450 К, установлен вид элементов тензора теплового расширения. Обсуждены изменения структурных характеристик LiCsMo3O10 в указанном температурном диапазоне.
Relationships between Sedentary Lifestyle and Body Mass Index in Students in Pandemic COVID-19
Authors: Putri Noviyati Rahardjo , Kusmawati Iffah Indri , Argaheni Niken Bayu , Nugraheni Angesti , Sukamto Ika Sumiyarsi
Published: October 2023

Background: Students during the Covid-19 pandemic were very close to a sedentary lifestyle because of online learning patterns. This results in an increase in body mass index (BMI) due to lack of physical activity and energy burnt. The aim of this research was to find out the relationship between sedentary lifestyle and body mass index of female students during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Subjects dan Method: The research method uses a quantitative analytic observational design, with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were 110 students of the Midwifery Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University. Sampling using the Slovin formula as many as 85 respondents with a confidence level of 95%. The research dependent variable is the body mass index of female students during the Covid-19 pandemic and the independent variable is sedentary lifestyle. The data collection method is to use the BMI questionnaire and the Adolescent Sedentary Activity Questionnaire (ASAQ). Data analysis used Somer's test.
Results: The results showed that 61.2% of students were included in the less sedentary lifestyle classification, while 56.5% of students had a normal body mass index. The results of bivariate analysis with Somer's correlation test obtained a p-value of 0.045 and a gamma coefficient value of 0.38.
Conclusion: The conclusion is that there is a relationship between sedentary lifestyle and body mass index in undergraduate students of Applied Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. The correlation strength is moderate. It is hoped that individuals and communities can motivate themselves to carry out physical activities such as regular sports and educational institutions can facilitate learning methods that can involve physical activity in both online and offline learning.
Keywords: nutrition status, sedentary lifestyle, student
Correspondence: Noviyati Rahardjo Putri. Midwifery Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: novirahardjo@staff.uns.ac.id. Mobile: +6285742944794.
Implementation of Hospital Internal Audit Policy
Authors:   Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya, Sudalhar Sudalhar , Handoko Rudy ,   Doctoral Program in Administrative Sciences Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of 17 August 1945 Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia, Maduwinarti Ayun ,   Doctoral Program in Administrative Sciences Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of 17 August 1945 Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
Published: October 2023

Background: Out of 7 people in the Internal Audit Unit (SPI) in a hospital, only 1 person is not concurrently serving as the Head of SPI. SPI is the main requirement in carrying out duties and can be a problem in the implementation of hospital internal audit policies by SPI and if this is left unchecked, the public services provided by the hospital can be of less quality. the purpose of this study is to know and analyze the implementation of internal audit policies, factors that support and hinder the implementation of internal audit, find models for implementing internal audit policies in Hospital A. Subjects and Method: qualitative research design. The research was conducted at Aisyiyah Bojonegoro Hospital. The target population consists of 1 director, 6 department heads and 4 SPI auditors. The technique and size of sampling is done by means of the population being the sample. the dependent and independent variables of interest are the implementation of the Hospital Internal Audit policy. Variable measurement methods or instruments by means of interviews and data analysis methods using data triangulation. Results: The implementation of internal audit policy from the communication aspect has been carried out well, the Resource aspect has not been implemented properly, the Disposition aspect has not been implemented properly, the Organizational Structure aspect is carried out properly. The appointment of SPI personnel needs to take into account the competence of the auditor or provide auditor competency training, exemption from concurrent duties and full-time positions, structuring systematic career paths and providing special incentives, maintaining consistency of communication and conducting audits in all work units Conclusion: This research can produce implications for model development in the implementation of hospital internal audit policies in accordance with Edward III's theory and then developed with the involvement of the Hospital Internal Auditors Association. Through this it is expected that the implementation of internal audit policies is more comprehensive in implementing aspects of organizational structure, resources, disposition and communication. Keywords: implementation, policy, internal audit, hospital
Effect of Project Based Learning Method on Knowledge and Learning Activity in Graduate School Students
Authors:   Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Manggandhi Yuyun , Pamungkasari Eti Poncorini ,   Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Raharjo Setyo Sri ,   Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret
Published: October 2023

Background: The Project Based Learning (PjBL) model is a learning model that can make students have expertise and can understand the learning process. This study aims to look at the application of Project Based Learning (PjBL) to increase student activity, to see the character values and results of student academic achievement in the KKPMT practice subject to achieve competence. Subjects and Method: RCT research was conducted at STIKes Mitra Husada Karanganyar. The sample consisted of 90 students, 48 students as the control class and 42 students as the experimental class. Student activity is assessed with an observation sheet. Student character is assessed by means of a questionnaire. The results of learning achievement using the posttest and pretest instruments. The mean knowledge scores in both groups were compared by independent t-test. Results: The knowledge score after the intervention in the project-based learning group (Mean= 71.81; SD= 8.35) was higher than that of the control group (Mean= 67.73; SD= 8.64), and was statistically significant (p= 0.026). Project-based learning is effective in increasing students' knowledge of ICD. The activity score after the intervention in the project-based learning group (Mean= 68.83; SD= 12.87) was the same as the control group (Mean= 68.27; SD= 11.53), but statistically not significant (p= 0.827). Conclusion: This study concluded that project-based learning was effective in increasing students' knowledge of ICD but project-based learning was not effective in increasing student activity in discussing ICD subjects. Keywords: Project Based Learning, student character, student activity, learning outcomes.
Meta-Analysis: The Effects of Workload and Social Support on Burnout in Health Workers
Authors:   Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Hanifah Hanifah , Sumardiyono Sumardiyono ,   Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Murti Bhisma ,   Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret
Published: October 2023

Background: Burnout is a psychological syndrome of exhaustion, cynicism and ineffectiveness at work. Some factors causing burnout are workload and family support. The existence of a high workload can increase the incidence of burnout and high social support can prevent burnout in health workers. This study aims to estimate the effect of workload and social support on burnout in health workers. Subjects and Method: A systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out using the PRISMA guidelines and the PICO model covering Population = health workers; Intervention = high workload and high social support; Comparison = low workload and low social support; Outcome = burnout. Articles were collected from databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Schoolar. The key­words used in the database search were workload AND "social support" AND burnout OR fatigue AND "health workers" AND "cross sectional".A total of 12 articles met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis and were assessed using RevMan 5.3. Results: Meta-analysis from France, Afghanistan, Canada, Uganda, Ghana, Ethiopia, Malawi, Brazil, Malaysia and China showed that high workloads can increase burnout in health workers (aOR= 2.37; 95% CI= 1.10 to 5.10; p = 0.003), high social support can reduce the risk of burnout in health workers (aOR= 0.54; 95% CI= 0.42 to 0.71; p= 0.001), and these results were statistically significant. Conclusion: High workload can increase burnout among health workers and high social support can reduce the risk of burnout in health workers. Keywords: workload, social support, burnout, health workers
Tuberculosis incidence in foreign-born people residing in European countries in 2020
Authors: Vasiliu Anca , Köhler Niklas , Altpeter Ekkehardt , Ægisdóttir Tinna Rán , Amerali Marina , de Oñate Wouter Arrazola , Bakos Ágnes , D’Amato Stefania , Cirillo Daniela Maria , van Crevel Reinout , Davidaviciene Edita , Demuth Irène , Domínguez Jose , Duarte Raquel , Günther Gunar , Guthmann Jean-Paul , Hatzianastasiou Sophia , Holm Louise Hedevang , Herrador Zaida , Hribar Urška , Huberty Conny , Ibraim Elmira , Jackson Sarah , Jensenius Mogens , Josefsdottir Kamilla Sigridur , Koch Anders , Korzeniewska-Kosela Maria , Kuksa Liga , Kunst Heinke , Lienhardt Christian , Mahler Beatrice , Makek Mateja Janković , Muylle Inge , Normark Johan , Pace-Asciak Analita , Petrović Goranka , Pieridou Despo , Russo Giulia , Rzhepishevska Olena , Salzer Helmut J.F. , Marques Marta Sá , Schmid Daniela , Solovic Ivan , Sukholytka Mariya , Svetina Petra , Tyufekchieva Mariya , Vasankari Tuula , Viiklepp Piret , Villand Kersti , Wallenfels Jiri , Wesolowski Stefan , Mandalakas Anna-Maria , Martinez Leonardo , Zenner Dominik , Lange Christoph ,   on behalf of the TBnet
Published: October 2023

Background

European-specific policies for tuberculosis (TB) elimination require identification of key populations that benefit from TB screening.

Aim

We aimed to identify groups of foreign-born individuals residing in European countries that benefit most from targeted TB prevention screening.

Methods

The Tuberculosis Network European Trials group collected, by cross-sectional survey, numbers of foreign-born TB patients residing in European Union (EU) countries, Iceland, Norway, Switzerland and the United Kingdom (UK) in 2020 from the 10 highest ranked countries of origin in terms of TB cases in each country of residence. Tuberculosis incidence rates (IRs) in countries of residence were compared with countries of origin.

Results

Data on 9,116 foreign-born TB patients in 30 countries of residence were collected. Main countries of origin were Eritrea, India, Pakistan, Morocco, Romania and Somalia. Tuberculosis IRs were highest in patients of Eritrean and Somali origin in Greece and Malta (both > 1,000/100,000) and lowest among Ukrainian patients in Poland (3.6/100,000). They were mainly lower in countries of residence than countries of origin. However, IRs among Eritreans and Somalis in Greece and Malta were five times higher than in Eritrea and Somalia. Similarly, IRs among Eritreans in Germany, the Netherlands and the UK were four times higher than in Eritrea.

Conclusions

Country of origin TB IR is an insufficient indicator when targeting foreign-born populations for active case finding or TB prevention policies in the countries covered here. Elimination strategies should be informed by regularly collected country-specific data to address rapidly changing epidemiology and associated risks.
Ecological and environmental factors affecting the risk of tick-borne encephalitis in Europe, 2017 to 2021
Authors: Dagostin Francesca , Tagliapietra Valentina , Marini Giovanni , Cataldo Claudia , Bellenghi Maria , Pizzarelli Scilla , Cammarano Rosaria Rosanna , Wint William , Alexander Neil S , Neteler Markus , Haas Julia , Dub Timothée , Busani Luca , Rizzoli Annapaola
Published: October 2023

Background

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a disease which can lead to severe neurological symptoms, caused by the TBE virus (TBEV). The natural transmission cycle occurs in foci and involves ticks as vectors and several key hosts that act as reservoirs and amplifiers of the infection spread. Recently, the incidence of TBE in Europe has been rising in both endemic and new regions.

Aim

In this study we want to provide comprehensive understanding of the main ecological and environmental factors that affect TBE spread across Europe.

Methods

We searched available literature on covariates linked with the circulation of TBEV in Europe. We then assessed the best predictors for TBE incidence in 11 European countries by means of statistical regression, using data on human infections provided by the European Surveillance System (TESSy), averaged between 2017 and 2021.

Results

We retrieved data from 62 full-text articles and identified 31 different covariates associated with TBE occurrence. Finally, we selected eight variables from the best model, including factors linked to vegetation cover, climate, and the presence of tick hosts.

Discussion

The existing literature is heterogeneous, both in study design and covariate types. Here, we summarised and statistically validated the covariates affecting the variability of TBEV across Europe. The analysis of the factors enhancing disease emergence is a fundamental step towards the identification of potential hotspots of viral circulation. Hence, our results can support modelling efforts to estimate the risk of TBEV infections and help decision-makers implement surveillance and prevention campaigns.
An international initiative on geosynthetic education
Authors: Almeida Maria , Zornberg Jorge , Palmeira Ennio , Touze Nathalie
Published: October 2023

An international educational initiative to facilitate the exposure of geosynthetics to undergraduate civil engineering students has been conducted by the International Geosynthetics Society (IGS) for over a decade. Geosynthetics is a comparatively new topic within geotechnical engineering and, consequently, has only been sporadically introduced into undergraduate Civil Engineering curricula. In particular, geotechnical engineering professors themselves may have not been exposed to the basics of geosynthetics to be able to comfortably transfer such knowledge to their students. As part of this educational program, civil engineering professors are invited to take a course on geosynthetics, for which they receive fellowships covering their expenses. The course also includes complementary components such as a workshop consisting of practical demonstrations, pedagogical material, and technical documents. Implementation of the program involves multiple parties, including the IGS, its national chapters, and geosynthetics industry, who are allotted the responsibilities of supporting the program instructors, offering practical project-oriented input. This paper describes the course structure, the educational tools employed, the impact on the program caused by the pandemic, and results from feedback surveys that assessed how the knowledge on geosynthetics acquired by the participants was transferred to their students in terms of new courses on geosynthetics, inclusion of geosynthetics topics in existing undergraduate disciplines, etc. Emphasis is given on the experience of the Brazilian Chapter of IGS, which has already conducted programs. The educational outcomes of the programs currently offered are being evaluated and they suggest excellent acceptance of the course by participants and undergraduate students at the universities.
Konu seçme biçimi yazma başarımını etkiler mi?
Authors: İPEK Ozan
Published: October 2023

Bu araştırmada, konu seçme biçiminin Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının yazma başarımları üzerindeki etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda nicel araştırmanın bir türü olan yarı deneysel desen kullanılmıştır. Deneysel tasarımda konu seçme biçimi bağımsız, yazma başarımı ise bağımlı değişken olarak tanımlanmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcıları Marmara Bölgesi'nde yer alan bir devlet üniversitesinde öğrenim gören 23'i erkek, 35'i kadın olmak üzere toplam 58 Türkçe öğretmeni adayıdır. Araştırma gruplarını oluşturmak için öncelikle katılımcılara 3 haftalık yazma eğitimi verilmiştir. Bu eğitim sonrasında katılımcılar; A (kendi konusunu bağımsız bir şekilde seçen), B (belirli bir konu listesinden zorunlu olarak seçen) ve C (öğretmen tarafından verilen belirli bir konuda yazan) gruplarına ayrılmış ve katılımcıların yazma başarımlarını belirlemek için her gruptan birer hafta arayla 2'şer kez veri toplanmıştır. Bu sürecin ardından veri analizi sürecinde grupların yazma başarımı düzeyleri normal dağılım gösterdiğinden grupları karşılaştırmak için İlişkisiz Örneklemler İçin Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi (ANOVA) istatistiği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın bulguları, grupların yazma başarımları arasında anlamlı bir farklılık olduğunu ortaya koymuştur (p=.0004). Bu farkın kaynağını belirlemek için yapılan Bonferonni testinde ise anlamlı farkın A-C ve B-C grupları arasında olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçları, konu seçme biçimleri arasında yazma başarımı en yüksek olan grubun zorunlu seçim grubu olduğunu ve bunu sırasıyla açık seçim ve öğretmenin belirli bir konu vermesiyle yazan grubun izlediğini göstermektedir. Bu araştırmanın seçim olanağının yazma başarımına etkisini inceleyen alanyazına ve yazma becerisini geliştirmeye yönelik öğretim uygulamalarına katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Dil öğretiminde dijital eğitim materyalleri: Kitap ve oyun
Authors: ÇALIŞKAN Gürbüz
Published: October 2023

Dijital çağın beraberinde getirdiği teknolojik gelişmeler, bilgi ve eğlence alanını dijital materyallerle büyük ölçüde genişletmiştir. Bu materyaller arasında özellikle kitaplar ve oyunlar, insan hayatının önemli birer unsuru haline gelmiştir. Dijital kitaplar, geleneksel basılı kitaplara kıyasla pek çok yararlı kullanım alanı sunmaktadır. Öncelikle, dijital kitaplar bilgiye hızlı ve kolay erişim sağlamaktadır. İnternet aracılığıyla dünyanın herhangi bir yerinden istenilen kitaba ulaşmayı kolaylaştırmaktadır. Ayrıca, dijital kitapların kolay taşınması ve alan kaplamaması gibi avantajları, insanların yanlarında bir kütüphane taşımasına olanak tanımaktadır. Bununla birlikte, dijital oyunlar da çağdaş eğitim için vazgeçilmez bir öğrenme aracı haline gelmiştir. Oyunlar, yalnızca eğlence fırsatları sunmazken; aynı zamanda öğrenme, problem çözme ve takım çalışması gibi yetenekleri geliştirme olanağı sağlamaktadır. Özellikle eğitim amaçlı kullanılan öğretici oyunlar, ders içeriğini daha keyifli ve etkileşimli bir şekilde öğretme konusunda önemli avantajlar sunmaktadır. Ancak dijital kitaplar ve oyunlar birçok fayda sağlamasına rağmen, geleneksel yöntemlerin de taşıdığı bazı değerli özelliklere sahip olmadığı söylenebilir. Kitapların elle dokunulabilirliği, basılı kitaplarla geçirilen sessiz ve düşünceli anlar, dijital materyallerin duygusal bağ kurma yeteneğini sınırlayabilir. Benzer şekilde, yüz yüze oynanan oyunların sunduğu etkileşimli deneyimler, dijital oyunlarda aynı şekilde yaşanmayabilir. Bu bağlamda bu çalışma, dil öğretiminde dijital kitaplar ve oyunların olumlu ve olumsuz yönlerini ele alarak bilgiler sunmayı amaçlamaktadır.
Okuma çemberi yönteminin okuma kültürüne etkisi
Authors: BAKİ Yasemin
Published: October 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı, okuma çemberi yönteminin Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının okuma kültürünü geliştirmeye etkisini incelemektir. Nitel araştırma yöntemiyle gerçekleştirilen bu araştırmada durum çalışması modeli kullanılmıştır. Amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden ölçüt örneklemeyle belirlenen çalışma grubu Türkiye’nin kuzeyindeki bir üniversitenin Türkçe Öğretmenliği Lisans Programında öğrenim gören 36’sı kadın, 11’i erkek olmak üzere toplam 47 öğretmen adayından oluşmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu aracılığıyla toplanmış ve betimsel analiz yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda okuma çemberi yönteminin bireysel gelişim açısından farklı bakış açısı kazanma, düşünme becerilerini geliştirme, kitapların önemini kavrama; temel okuma becerileri açısından anlama becerileri, planlı okuma, derinlemesine/çıkarımsal anlama becerilerinin gelişimi; kitap seçimi açısından iç yapı ve dış yapı özelliklerinin önemini kavrama; görsel okuma becerileri açısından ise görselleri anlama ve yorumlama ile görseller arasında ilişki kurma açısından katkı sağladığı belirlenmiştir. Okuma çemberlerinin öğretmen adaylarının bireysel gelişim, temel okuma becerileri, kitap seçimi ve görsel okuma becerilerinin gelişimine olumlu katkılar sağlayarak okuma kültürünün gelişimine olanak sağlayan bir yöntem olduğu söylenebilir. Ayrıca okuma çemberlerinin özellikle bireysel açıdan sağladığı katkıların yanında grup halinde okuma çalışmalarında oluşturduğu sinerjiyle de okuma kültürünün gelişimine farklı bir soluk getireceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma, öğretmen adayları örnekleminde bireysel ve grup halinde okuma çalışmalarından oluşan okuma çemberlerinin okuma kültürüne etkisine ilişkin bulguları ilk kez ortaya koyması sebebiyle özgündür.
Sorun odaklı çocuk kitaplarının okur-tepki teorisine göre incelenmesi: “Sadako” örneği
Authors: SERİN Nilüfer
Published: October 2023

Çocuk okurların problemli/zor konulara nasıl tepki vereceğini ortaya çıkarmak ve onun metinle olan etkileşimini görmek için tasarlanan bu araştırmanın temel amacı ortaokul öğrencilerinin sorun odaklı çocuk kitaplarına yönelik tepkilerini ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda hazırlanan çalışmada Sivas’ta bir devlet okulundan kolay ulaşılabilir örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen 44 ortaokul öğrencisi araştırmanın çalışma grubunu oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma nitel araştırma modellerinden durum çalışmasına uygun olarak yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada ilk önce Eleanor Coerr’in “Sadako ve Kâğıttan Bin Turna Kuşu” isimli kitabı kullanılarak etkileşimli okuma çalışmaları yapılmış, daha sonra öğrencilerin kitapla ilgili görüşleri bir form aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Formda Hancock (2008) tarafından belirlenen Ulusoy (2016) tarafından Türkçeye uyarlanan 4 soru ve araştırmacı tarafından eklenen 2 soru olmak üzere okur tepkilerini ölçmeye yönelik toplam 6 adet soru yer almaktadır. Veri analizinde içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmış, elde edilen veriler tablolar hâlinde sunulmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda öğrencilerin 113 metin merkezli, 110 okur merkezli cevap verdiği tespit edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin okudukları kitaptaki olaylara kişisel tepkiler verdikleri, duygu ve düşüncelerini aktarabildikleri, hikâyedeki olaylara katılma isteği duydukları, ana fikri tespit edebildikleri, karakterleri anladıkları, onlarla özdeşim kurdukları görülmüştür. Öğrencilerin tamamına yakını kitabı beğendiğini ve arkadaşlarına tavsiye edeceğini ifade etmiştir. Buna rağmen 30 öğrenci kitaptaki ölüm, savaş, hastalık gibi problemli konulardan rahatsızlık duyduklarını, kitaptaki kahramanlarla empati kurduklarında çok üzüldüklerini belirtmişlerdir.
Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının kariyer planları
Authors: YURTSEVEN YILMAZ Hatice
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışma, lisans eğitimleri kapsamında zorunlu “Kariyer Planlama” dersini alan Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının yapılan bilgilendirmeler sonunda kendilerine belirledikleri kariyer planlarını betimleyici ve yorumlayıcı bir yaklaşımla ortaya koymayı amaçlayan temel nitel araştırmadır. Araştırmaya Bursa ilindeki bir devlet üniversitesinin Türkçe Öğretmenliği Lisans Programı’na birinci sınıf düzeyinde devam eden 24’ü erkek, 36’sı kız 60 öğrenci katılmıştır. Kariyer Planlama dersinin 14 haftalık ders içeriğinin tamamlanmasının ardından öğretmen adaylarından kendi kariyer planlarını yazmaları istenmiştir. Öğretmen adayları yazdıkları kariyer planları belgelerini Microsoft Teams üzerinden araştırmacıya teslim etmiştir. Bu belgeler üzerinde içerik çözümlemesi yapılmış ve belirlenen kodlar alan içi ve alan dışı olarak ulamlara ayrılmıştır. Sonuçlara göre, Türkçe Öğretmenliği Lisans Programı birinci sınıf öğrencilerinin yüzde %63’ü Türkçe öğretmenliğini kariyer planlarında ilk sıraya koymuştur. Erkeklerin ve kızların ilk kariyer planları açısından yüzdelik oranları birbirine çok yakındır. Ancak akademisyenliği kariyer planlarına en çok kızların yazdığı; eğitimini tamamladıktan sonra alan dışında kariyer geliştirmeyi planlayan öğretmen adaylarının ise erkek olduğu görülmüştür. Türkçe öğretmeni ve akademisyen olma dışında kariyer planlarının ilk sırasına editör, yazar, yurt dışında Türkçe öğretmeni, yurt içindeki Türkçe öğretim merkezlerinde öğretim görevlisi, özel eğitim kurumu sahibi mesleklerini yazmışlardır. Ayrıca bazı öğretmen adaylarının kariyer planlarında ikinci ve üçüncü seçenekler bulunurken bazı öğretmen adayları kariyerlerini tek bir meslek üzerine şekillendirmeyi planlamıştır.
Arkaik Dönem’den Hellenistik-Roma Dönemi’ne Antik Yunan Eğitim Anlayışı ve Anadolu
Authors: AKGUN KAYA Elif
Published: October 2023

Antik Yunan eğitim anlayışı beden eğitimini ve ahlaki gelişimi kapsayan kalokagathia (ἡ καλοκἀγαθία) kavramı etrafında şekillenir. Arkaik Dönemden itibaren (MÖ. 9.-7.yy) iyi bir asker yetiştirilmesi amaçlandığından eğitim sistemi jimnastik (gymnastike), müzik (mousike), kahramanlık destanlarının öğrenilmesi üzerine kurulur. MÖ. 6. yüzyılda Miletos’ta felsefi düşüncenin ortaya çıkmasıyla okuma-yazma, entelektüel gelişim öncelik kazanır ve felsefe ön plana çıkar. MÖ. 5.-4. yüzyılda Atina’nın yönetim tarzının değişmesiyle vatandaşlık bilinci ve demokratik değerlerin önem kazanması sofistik eğitimi popüler hâle getirir. Konuşma ve ikna sanatı (rhetorik), hümanizm, bireysellik, rölativizm ve ücretli eğitim (öğretmenlik mesleği) paideia içindeki yerini alır. Hellenistik Dönem’de ise paideia etik değerler, yaşam tarzı ve entelektüel gelişimi kapsayan bir karaktere bürünür. Roma İmparatorluk Dönemi’nde de eğitim; hukuk, yönetim, rhetorik ve ahlak gibi konuları kapsar ve toplumsal düzeni sürdürmek, geniş sınırlara ulaşan imparatorluğu yönetmek için bir araç olarak kullanılır. Kentlerin eğitim kurumu olarak Klasik Dönem’den itibaren ama özellikle Hellenistik Dönem’de gymnasionlar; Roma İmparatorluk Döneminde ise imparatorlar tarafından kurulan kürsüler ve düşünürlerin açtığı okullar ön plana çıkar. Bu merkezlerde erkekler eğitim görürken kadınlar kamusal alandan dışlandıkları gibi eğitim hayatından da mahrum bırakılırlar. Bu makalede, Arkaik Dönem’den (MÖ. 8-6 yüzyıl) Roma İmparatorluk Dönemi’ne (MÖ. 27-MS. 395) kadar Antik Yunan toplumunun eğitim anlayışının nasıl evirildiği, hangi felsefi düşünce ve kavramlar üzerinde inşa edildiği, eğitim kurumlarının neler olduğu ve kadınların eğitim sistemindeki konumları incelenerek eğitim anlayışının sınırları çizilir. Bu çalışmanın Antik Yunan eğitim anlayışının hangi kavramlar ve kurumlar üzerine inşa edildiğinin ve tarihsel olarak hangi süreçlerden geçildiğinin anlaşılmasına ve günümüz eğitim sistemleriyle karşılaştırma yapılabilmesine katkı sunması amaçlanır.