bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pharmacist-led new medicine service: a real-world cohort study in the Netherlands on drug-related problems, satisfaction, and self-efficacy in cardiovascular patients transitioning to primary care
Authors: Ensing Hendrik T. , Kurt Nelly , Janssen Ruby A. , Koster Ellen S. , Heerdink Eibert R.
Published: December 2024

Background

Patients transitioning from hospital to home while starting long-term cardiovascular medicines are likely to experience drug-related problems (DRPs). The New Medicine Service (NMS) may support readmission to primary care.

Aim

To evaluate NMS in a real world setting, for patients transitioning from hospital to primary care with newly prescribed cardiovascular medicines on identifying DRPs, patient satisfaction with medication information and patient self-efficacy. Secondary objectives were identifying risk factors for DRPs and assessing first-fill discontinuation.

Method

A cohort study in an outpatient pharmacy and 14 community pharmacies in Almere, the Netherlands, involved patients ≥ 18 years receiving new cardiovascular prescriptions. Usual pharmacy care was complemented with a telephone counselling two weeks post-dispensing to identify and address DRPs. Patient satisfaction and self-efficacy were assessed during a follow-up call. First-fill discontinuation was measured using dispensing data, and logistic regression identified risk factors for DRPs.

Results

Of 1647 eligible patients, 743 received NMS; 72.5% experienced ≥ 1 DRP. NMS improved patients’ satisfaction with information and self-efficacy (p < 0.001). Outpatient visits (adj. OR 0.64), cardiovascular medicine use (adj. OR 0.65), and use of chronic medicines (adj. OR 1.71) influenced DRPs. First-fill discontinuation remained unchanged post-NMS, but patients with DRPs discontinued more often (14.8% vs. 8.6%, p = 0.030).

Conclusion

Implementing the NMS in a real-world transitional care setting allowed pharmacists to identify DRPs and provide counselling tailored to patient needs. Patients reported higher satisfaction with information and increased self-efficacy. Priority should be given to at-risk patients for DRPs, and deploy other pharmacy staff to perform the NMS.
Influence of Vanadium Oxide on the Viscosity Within the CaO–SiO2–“FeO”–MgO System
Authors: Åström Elin , Andersson Anton , Björkman Bo , Björkvall Johan
Published: December 2024

The effect of V2O3 on the viscosity of a calcium silicate melt-based system containing MgO and “FeO” was investigated and correlated with the melt composition using FactSage 8.2, SEM, and XRF. The viscosity was measured with incremental steps of 25 K from 1923 K to 1723 K in an argon atmosphere. The temperature-dependent viscosity was calculated for each slag composition using an Arrhenius-type equation. The results showed that the addition of 5.4 wt pct V2O3 decreased the viscosity of all measured slag systems. Viscosity is an important factor that influences the ability to create a foaming slag in the electric arc furnace (EAF). A synthetic slag with a composition close to an EAF slag was also measured with and without V2O3. Again, the addition of V2O3 decreased the viscosity but also decreased the saturation with magnesio-wüstite and decreased the temperature for formation of dicalcium silicate.
The Preventive Effect of Zinc Sulfate against Olanzapine-Induced Testicular Toxicity in Male Rats
Authors: Ebaid Hossam , Bashandy Samir A. E. , Hassan Iftekhar , Al-Tamimi Jameel , Haredy Shimaa Abdallah , Imbabi Tharwat , Omara Enayat A. , Bashandy Yousef S. , Awad Ezzat M.
Published: December 2024

Male infertility is a complex and multifactorial clinical condition affecting a large population attributed to several factors, including perturbation in oxidative stress and the level of essential trace elements. Oxidative stress exerts multiple issues related to reproductive health, including male infertility, decreased sperm motility, sperm DNA damage, and an increased susceptibility to genetic disorders. Besides chemical toxins and food allergens in junk food items, many drugs can also lead to male infertility. Olanzapine (OLZ), a general antipsychotic drug, has also been reported to induce male fertility. A great deal of literature entails that supplementation of zinc can alleviate oxidative stress–related clinical complications, including male infertility. This study investigates the potential protective effects of zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) on OLZ-induced male infertility. In the present study, there were four treatment groups (n = 6): group 1 as control (without any treatment); group 2 treated with OLZ (10 mg/kg) orally daily for 6 weeks; groups 3 and 4 treated with 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg of ZnSO4 respectively in pre-exposed OLZ (10 mg/kg) orally daily for 6 weeks. After completion of the treatment, the biochemical analysis of serum and tissue samples demonstrated that group 2 had compromised levels of antioxidant parameters (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and reduced glutathione (GSH)) as well as elevated levels of stress parameters (oxidized glutathione (GSSG), malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide (NO)) as compared to the control by a significant extent (p ≤ 0.05). However, supplementation of ZnSO4 significantly corrected all these parameters in a dose-dependent way in groups 3 and 4 (p ≤ 0.05). Other health indicators, like taurine, enzyme Q10, phosphatidylcholine, ascorbic acid, and vitamin E, were also observed to improve prominently with the supplementation of ZnSO4. Intriguingly, all the fertility parameters (sperm motility, count and level of testosterone) were also found to be significantly enhanced with decreased sperm abnormalities in both the combination groups. The histological evaluation of the testis section also agreed with the biochemical analysis in this investigation. Therefore, the study strongly advocates that supplementation of Zn can ameliorate OLZ-induced male infertility to a significant extent.

Graphical Abstract

Putative mechanism was involved in a preventive effect of ZnSO4 against OLZ-induced biochemical and histological perturbation in vivo. OLZ generates free radicals to induce oxidative stress-mediated toxicity in all target organs including testes evidenced by alteration in biochemical markers and histology. Zn ions from ZnSO4 act as an antioxidant agent blunting most of the OLZ-perturbed redox markers and histology consequently improving fertility parameters.
The role of alcohol consumption motives in the relationships between psychological distress, emotional dysregulation, and problematic alcohol consumption. A mediation model
Authors: Matei-Mitacu Laura-Maria , Huțul Tudor-Daniel , Karner-Huțuleac Adina , Huțul Andreea , Dobria Cornelia-Andreea
Published: December 2024

The objectives of the current study were to investigate the potential mediating role of alcohol consumption motives in the relationships between psychological distress and problematic alcohol consumption, and emotional dysregulation and problematic alcohol consumption. This study included 292 participants from Romania, with 82.5% female, ranging in age from 19 to 62 years (M = 28.71; SD = 9.34). The participants completed instruments assessing psychological distress, emotional dysregulation, drinking motives, problematic alcohol consumption, and socio-demographic data. Our findings indicate that psychological distress and emotional dysregulation predict problematic alcohol consumption. Additionally, social, conformity, and coping motives mediated the relationships between psychological distress and problematic alcohol consumption, as well as between emotional dysregulation and problematic alcohol consumption. Meanwhile, the enhancement motive did not mediate the aforementioned relationships. This may be attributed to its association with seeking positive experiences rather than managing negative emotions, making it less relevant for individuals experiencing psychological distress in the Romanian cultural context, where alcohol is often used for social engagement or conformity rather than enhancement. Our study contributes to advancing the knowledge from the literature regarding how people engage in problematic alcohol consumption, while highlighting the importance of consumption motives. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Biotechnological innovation in fish breeding: from marker assisted selection to genetic modification
Authors: Lal Jham , Vaishnav Anand , Singh Soibam Khogen , Meena Dharmendra Kumar , Biswas Pradyut , Mehta Naresh Kumar , Priyadarshini Mocherla Bhargavi
Published: December 2024

Biotechnological approaches have revolutionized the field of fish breeding, from marker-assisted selection to genetic modification. MAS employs molecular markers to identify and select individuals with advantageous traits, such as enhanced disease resistance and improved carcass quality, without introducing foreign DNA. This traditional method leverages natural genetic variation but is limited by the availability of markers and the complexity of traits. In contrast, the GM incorporates exogenous DNA into the fish genome, enabling the introduction of new traits and the modification of multiple traits simultaneously. This approach has been used to enhanceincrease growth rates, disease resistance, and feed conversion efficiency. However, the use of GM is controversial due to because of concerns about the safety and environmental impact of genetically modified organisms. Both MAS and GM present unique advantages and challenges: MAS is less controversial and relies on existing genetic diversity but has a limited scope, whereas GM is versatile but faces significant scrutiny. Together, these biotechnological approaches offer new opportunities for enhancing the sustainability and profitability of aquaculture. This review explores the potential and limitations of MAS and GM, highlighting their roles in the future of fish breeding and broader implications for the aquaculture industry.
The power of many colours
Authors: Alon Noga , Bucić Matija , Christoph Micha , Krivelevich Michael
Published: December 2024

A classical problem, due to Gerencsér and Gyárfás from 1967, asks how large a monochromatic connected component can we guarantee in any r-edge colouring of

$K_n$

? We consider how big a connected component we can guarantee in any r-edge colouring of

$K_n$

if we allow ourselves to use up to s colours. This is actually an instance of a more general question of Bollobás from about 20 years ago which asks for a k-connected subgraph in the same setting. We complete the picture in terms of the approximate behaviour of the answer by determining it up to a logarithmic term, provided n is large enough. We obtain more precise results for certain regimes which solve a problem of Liu, Morris and Prince from 2007, as well as disprove a conjecture they pose in a strong form.

We also consider a generalisation in a similar direction of a question first considered by Erdős and Rényi in 1956, who considered given n and m, what is the smallest number of m-cliques which can cover all edges of

$K_n$

? This problem is essentially equivalent to the question of what is the minimum number of vertices that are certain to be incident to at least one edge of some colour in any r-edge colouring of

$K_n$

. We consider what happens if we allow ourselves to use up to s colours. We obtain a more complete understanding of the answer to this question for large n, in particular, determining it up to a constant factor for all

$1\le s \le r$

, as well as obtaining much more precise results for various ranges including the correct asymptotics for essentially the whole range.
Eichler–Selberg relations for singular moduli
Authors: Deng Yuqi , Matsusaka Toshiki , Ono Ken
Published: December 2024

The Eichler–Selberg trace formula expresses the trace of Hecke operators on spaces of cusp forms as weighted sums of Hurwitz–Kronecker class numbers. We extend this formula to a natural class of relations for traces of singular moduli, where one views class numbers as traces of the constant function

$j_0(\tau )=1$

. More generally, we consider the singular moduli for the Hecke system of modular functions

For each

$\nu \geq 0$

and

$m\geq 1$

, we obtain an Eichler–Selberg relation. For

$\nu =0$

and

$m\in \{1, 2\},$

these relations are Kaneko’s celebrated singular moduli formulas for the coefficients of

$j(\tau ).$

For each

$\nu \geq 1$

and

$m\geq 1,$

we obtain a new Eichler–Selberg trace formula for the Hecke action on the space of weight

$2 \nu +2$

cusp forms, where the traces of

$j_m(\tau )$

singular moduli replace Hurwitz–Kronecker class numbers. These formulas involve a new term that is assembled from values of symmetrized shifted convolution L-functions.
A McKay Correspondence in Positive Characteristic
Authors: Liedtke Christian
Published: December 2024

We establish a McKay correspondence for finite and linearly reductive subgroup schemes of

${\mathbf {SL}}_2$

in positive characteristic. As an application, we obtain a McKay correspondence for all rational double point singularities in characteristic

$p\geq 7$

. We discuss linearly reductive quotient singularities and canonical lifts over the ring of Witt vectors. In dimension 2, we establish simultaneous resolutions of singularities of these canonical lifts via G-Hilbert schemes. In the appendix, we discuss several approaches towards the notion of conjugacy classes for finite group schemes: This is an ingredient in McKay correspondences, but also of independent interest.
The category-modifier system: a hierarchical classification scheme for vertebrate tooth marks
Authors: Wyenberg-Henzler Taia C. A. , Fowler Denver W. , Currie Philip J. , Sullivan Corwin
Published: December 2024

Preserved records of tooth–bone interactions, known as tooth marks, can yield a wealth of information regarding organismal behavior and ecology. For this reason, workers in a wide range of disciplines, but particularly paleontology, have inspected and interpreted these features for decades. Although previous studies have gleaned invaluable insights, they have also described tooth marks using terminological frameworks that have been incompletely defined, have incorporated behavioral hypotheses in definitions, and/or have been inconsistently applied. To address these problems, we introduce the category-modifier (CM) system, the first system to both sort tooth marks into clearly defined main categories and use descriptive modifiers to characterize their appearance more precisely. The CM system is designed to apply to a wide range of vertebrates, to enable comparisons across disciplines and studies, and to help researchers keep their investigations into behavioral hypotheses free of circular reasoning.
Local Governments’ Response to Discrimination: A Temporal Framework to Analyze Local Anti-discrimination Policy and Actions
Authors: Martiniello Billie , Verhaeghe Pieter-Paul
Published: December 2024

Discrimination is widely studied, with extensive research measuring discrimination on the housing and labor markets. This study examines how local governments address this well-documented issue, by conducting content analysis on 45 policy documents and by performing semi-structured in-depth interviews with 24 alder(wo)men and diversity officers across nine Belgian cities. We introduce a temporal framework combining why, what, how, and when local anti-discrimination policy and actions are established. Such a framework is useful, as we do not approach policy as fixed, but pay attention to how actions evolve over time, even within one so-called anti-discrimination policy.This enables scholars and policymakers to identify decision-making patterns, predict changes over time, and understand contextual influences. Besides, unlike existing models rooted in integration or diversity policy, our framework captures the unique aspects of anti-discrimination policy, enabling a thorough understanding of the (non-)adoption of concrete anti-discrimination actions.
Record of Renicola sloanei Wright, 1954 (Plagiorchiida: Renicolidae) in the Atlantic puffin Fratercula arctica (Linnaeus, 1758) arrived at the Canary Islands (Spain)
Authors: Pino-Vera R. , Miquel J. , Suárez-Santana C. , Martín-Carrillo N. , Abreu-Acosta N. , Marrero-Ponce L. , Fariña-Brito A. , Rodríguez B. , Fernández A. , Foronda P.
Published: December 2024

In the winter of 2022–2023, hundreds of the Atlantic puffins (Fratercula arctica) appeared dead in the coast of the Canary Islands, a rare event considering their cold-living habits, normally occupying the North Atlantic Ocean. In this work, investigation about the parasites present in the Atlantic puffins found in the biggest islands of the Archipelago was carried out from a population portion. Necropsies of 39 birds were made and, during the examination of the urinary tracts, helminths were found. Morphoanatomical analysis under microscope allowed to identify them into Renicola genus with high similarity to Renicola sloanei. After that, DNA was extracted and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 gene were amplificated by a polymerase chain reaction method followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The molecular results demonstrated that in fact R. sloanei was the helminth parasite present in the urinary tracts of the Atlantic puffins found in the Canary Islands.
Economisation as boundary work: Integrating climate change into IMF surveillance
Authors: Skovgaard Jakob
Published: December 2024

In 2021, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) moved to integrate climate risks into its Article IV surveillance of member states. While the IMF has not traditionally been at the forefront of climate change efforts, this decision involved defining climate change as a risk to macro-economic stability. I argue that the integration of climate change into IMF surveillance can be understood as a case of international organisation (IO) boundary work taking place via the mechanism of economisation: an economic institution addressing a (traditionally non-economic) issue as an economic issue. The study identifies crucial factors shaping this boundary expansion, particularly the agency of IMF staff, as well as preferences within the IMF Executive Board, and institutional ideas. The straightforward integration of physical and transition climate risks is in contrast to the contestation surrounding the integration of mitigation policy. The findings contribute to the literature on IOs and their boundaries, change within the IMF, and the environmental political economy. The analysis reveals the role of IMF staff in this boundary work and, in addition, that institutionalised ideas and the heterogeneous preferences among member states acted as scope conditions limiting how far this economisation could go.
Hospital-based health technology assessment of a screening rapid test MTBI (GFAP and UCH-L1 blood biomarkers) for mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Menacho Román Miriam , Penedo Alonso Jose Roberto , Morales Rodríguez Audrey , Pecharromán de las Heras Inés , Vicente Bartulos Agustina , Arribas Gómez Ignacio , Plana Farrás Nieves
Published: December 2024

Background

The assessment of technology in hospital settings is a crucial step towards ensuring the delivery of efficient, effective, and safe healthcare.

Objective

This study conducts a Hospital-Based Health Technology Assessment to evaluate the efficacy of a screening rapid test for mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mild TBI) utilizing blood biomarkers, specifically Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) and Ubiquitin C-terminal Hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1). The assessment focuses on the clinical utility and performance characteristics of the proposed rapid test within a hospital setting.

Methods

The screening model was meticulously examined for its ability to accurately detect mild TBI, considering the sensitivity and specificity of GFAP and UCH-L1 as blood biomarkers. The study involved a thorough evaluation of the test’s diagnostic accuracy, comparing its outcomes with established standards for mild TBI diagnosis.

Results from the Hospital-Based Health Technology Assessment highlight the potential of the GFAP and UCH-L1 blood biomarker-based rapid test as an efficient screening tool for mild TBI within a hospital environment. The evidence results show that the test is highly sensitive (91 percent to 100 percent) for the prediction of acute traumatic intracranial lesions, which helps rule out injury when the result is negative. When used within 12 hours of injury in adult patients with mild TBI, this test holds promise in reducing the utilization of CT.

Conclusion

The findings contribute valuable insights into the feasibility and reliability of implementing this technology for timely and accurate identification of mild TBI, enhancing clinical decision making and patient care in hospital settings.
Reflection on legal transplantation theories: a socio-legal historical study of the formulation and evolution of Chinese marine insurance law
Authors: Wang Jia
Published: December 2024

This paper offers a socio-legal historical analysis of the process of formulation and evolution of Chinese marine insurance law by transplanting foreign laws, with a view to grasping from the material of legal history and social reality the deeper significance of the imported law’s relation to tradition, ideology and environmental context. The key argument is that this perspective reveals how transplanted law emerges as an authorless product shaped by social forces and processes. It is created by the operation of institutional arrangements of law-making, which provide the platform for the interplay of diverse traditions and interests generated by the social environment of the importing jurisdiction. This research integrates several lines of discussion of legal transplantation that lack connection, highlights the impact of the transplanting process and contributes to current theoretical debates by proposing potential interdisciplinary research for future studies of legal transplantation.
Liberalism of religious Muslims in illiberal Muslim-majority and minority societies: evidence from Azerbaijan and Georgia
Authors: Dzutsati Valery , Wuthrich F. Michael
Published: December 2024

How does a religious group's demographic status influence its members' attitudes toward economic and political liberalization? This study adopts a contextual approach and compares Azeri Muslims' political and economic attitudes in two illiberal states, Azerbaijan and Georgia. We argue that attitudes toward liberalization are shaped by the strength of association with one’s religious community and its relative position vis-à-vis the state and society. Drawing on a series of Caucasus Barometer surveys, we find that context and position in society matter. In religiously restrictive Muslim-majority Azerbaijan, Muslims’ religiosity is associated with greater support for political liberalization but lower support for economic liberalization. In religiously restrictive non-Muslim-majority Georgia, however, Muslims’ religiosity reflects the converse: opposition to political liberalization but support for economic liberalization. Thus, instead of theologies, the political and economic opportunity structures facing religious groups may play a critical role in determining their attitudes toward various forms of liberalization.
Internal Climate Variability Obscures Future Freezing Rain Changes Despite Global Warming Trend
Authors: Zhuang Haoyu (Richard) , DeGaetano Arthur T. , Lehner Flavio
Published: December 2024

Although numerous studies have projected changes in freezing rain under future climate conditions, the internal variability of freezing rain remains poorly quantified. Here, we introduce a framework utilizing a novel machine‐learning algorithm to diagnose freezing rain in reanalysis and climate model simulations. By employing multivariate quantile mapping, we decompose the projected freezing rain trend into contributions from changes in temperature, relative humidity, and precipitation, which helps separate the forced response from internal climate variability. Our finding reveals a notable decrease in freezing rain occurrence in most areas. Despite a substantial temperature increase, internal variability overshadows climate forcing across a large portion of the eastern United States until about 2050. This insight has implications for practitioners, suggesting that the observed freezing rain frequency climatology continues to provide a relevant baseline for decision‐making in the near term. However, longer‐term design and adaptation plans should consider the projected changes in these regions.
Exploring the Characteristics of Ocean Surface Winds at High Resolution With Doppler Scatterometry
Authors: Wineteer Alexander , Rodriguez Ernesto , Martin Dragana Perkovic , Torres Hector , Polverari Federica , Akbar Ruzbeh , Rocha Cesar
Published: December 2024

Ocean wind plays a fundamental role in the Earth's climate system by transporting heat, moisture, and gases globally while mediating their exchange with the ocean. How, and at what scales these processes occur is an active area of research, and modeling studies suggest that the strongest vertical transport and air‐sea exchanges occur at small scales. This paper introduces results from the S‐MODE campaign, during which a Doppler Scatterometer mapped 2D ocean vector wind on scales between 200 m and 100 km. While in an average sense, DopplerScatt wind data match classical spectra, atmospheric rolls, convection, and underlying ocean currents all drive unique wind spectra that are inconsistent with the average. Frequent observations of strong atmospheric divergence imply small‐scale vertical transport reaching 10 km/day. These results are not consistent with Kolmogorov and two‐dimensional turbulence theories due to anisotropy and divergence.
Numerical Analysis of the Dynamic Mechanisms in Hydraulic Fracturing With a Focus on Natural Fractures
Authors: Zhu Weiwei , Chen Zhiqiang , He Xupeng , Liu Jingyao , Guo Songfeng , Zheng Bowen , Yousef Ali , Qi Shengwen , Wang Moran
Published: December 2024

The hydraulic fracturing process is a prominent example of fracture network evolution under stress. However, the interactions between hydraulic fractures and natural fracture networks, along with the connectivity evolution of the resultant fracture networks, require more research. This research incorporates discrete fracture networks to characterize subsurface structures and employs the Discrete Element ‐ Lattice Boltzmann Method to simulate the hydraulic fracturing process. The dynamic evolution of subsurface structures, including the initiation of hydraulic fractures and their interaction with natural fractures, is systematically investigated. Results indicate that natural fractures significantly impact fracture initiation, propagation, and connectivity evolution, which in turn affects fluid production. Fracture strength is key for the interaction, and hydraulic fractures tend to propagate along weak natural fractures with low resistance. Fracture strength variability determines the final fracture networks, with low‐strength fractures breaking due to the altered in‐situ stress and forming local clusters. High injection rates and fluid viscosity result in a large pressure buildup and exaggerate the influential region. A multi‐cluster system is thus formed during the hydraulic fracturing process, and its connectivity can be well quantified with a novel connectivity metric. In low‐permeable reservoirs, fracture clusters connected to production wells can contribute instantly, while local clusters may contribute to production from a long‐term perspective. Injection rate, fluid viscosity, fracture orientation, and clustering effects have consistent positive correlations with the total connectivity and production. Heterogeneity has a weak positive correlation with fluid production, while a moderate negative correlation with total connectivity.
RudLOV is an optically synchronized cargo transport method revealing unexpected effects of dynasore
Authors: Tago Tatsuya , Ogawa Takumi , Goto Yumi , Toyooka Kiminori , Tojima Takuro , Nakano Akihiko , Satoh Takunori , Satoh Akiko K
Published: December 2024

Live imaging of secretory cargoes is a powerful method for understanding the mechanisms of membrane trafficking. Inducing the synchronous release of cargoes from an organelle is key for enhancing microscopic observation. We developed an optical cargo-releasing method, ‘retention using dark state of LOV2’ (RudLOV), which enables precise spatial, temporal, and quantity control during cargo release. A limited amount of cargo-release using RudLOV is able to visualize cargo cisternal-movement and cargo-specific exit sites on the Golgi/trans-Golgi network. Moreover, by controlling the timing of cargo-release using RudLOV, we reveal the canonical and non-canonical effects of the well-known dynamin inhibitor dynasore, which inhibits early- but not late-Golgi transport and exits from the trans-Golgi network where dynamin-2 is active. Accumulation of COPI vesicles at the cis-side of the Golgi stacks in dynasore-treated cells suggests that dynasore targets COPI-uncoating/tethering/fusion machinery in the early-Golgi cisternae or endoplasmic reticulum but not in the late-Golgi cisternae. These results provide insight into the cisternal maturation of Golgi stacks.
Effect of carbon-based carriers on HER performance of NiMo-based polyalloy catalysts
Authors: Zhao Guixin , Zhang Sixuan , Huang Jinzhao , Liu Zehui , Jiao Feng , Zhang Ke , Zhang Yu , Deng Xiaolong
Published: December 2024

NiMoCoMnLa@Ni: By using a two-step low-temperature oil phase method, the construction of heterostructures forms heterogeneous interfaces between the core–shell and generates interface effects, effectively improving the electron transfer rate.
Investigating the design of macromolecular-based inks for two-photon 3D laser printing
Authors: Catt Samantha O. , Vazquez-Martel Clara , Blasco Eva
Published: December 2024

The relationship between the design of macromolecular inks and material properties of two-photon 3D laser printed structures is investigated.
In vivo synthesis of semiconductor nanoparticles in Azotobacter vinelandii for light-driven ammonia production
Authors: Kim Gui-Min , Choi Yoojin , Choi Kyeong Rok , Lee Ilsong , Kim Jayeong , Lee Byunghyun , Lee Sang Yup , Lee Doh C.
Published: December 2024

We have developed a novel biohybrid system that integrates the in vivo biosynthesis of CdS nanoparticles within the nitrogen fixing bacteria Azotobacter vinelandii for efficient, light-driven ammonia production under ambient conditions.
Enzymatic modification of dihydromyricetin by glucosylation and acylation, and its effect on the solubility and antioxidant activity
Authors: Rodriguez-Garcia David , Uceda Carlos , Barahona Laura , Ruiz-Nuñez Marta , Ballesteros Antonio O. , Desmet Tom , Sanz-Aparicio Julia , Fernandez-Lobato Maria , Gonzalez-Alfonso Jose L. , Plou Francisco J.
Published: December 2024

This study synthesized glucosides and acyl-glucosides of dihydromyricetin, identifying dihydromyricetin 4′-O-α-D-glucopyranoside (>75% yield) and novel acyl derivatives, and found glucosyl location impacts solubility and antioxidant activity.
Spirocyclic iridoid alkaloids from Plumeria rubra
Authors: Gao Xin-Hua , Zhou Bin , Zimbres Flavia M. , Zhang Zai-Yong , Cassera Maria B. , Zhao Jin-Xin , Yue Jian-Min
Published: December 2024

Plumerianoids A–D (1–4) with a new intact spirocyclic iridoid alkaloid skeleton, along with a new degraded 8-epi-plumerianine (5), and a known one (6), were isolated and indentified from Plumeria rubra. 3 exhibited moderate antiplasmodial activity.
Symmetric star poly(substituted glycolide) homopolymers and their surface properties
Authors: Çolak Yonca , Belen Sema Nur , Çetin Duygu , Cengiz Ugur , Mert Olcay
Published: December 2024

We report the synthesis of s-PSG homopolymers, including a four-armed symmetrical poly(l-diisopropyl glycolide) (4s-PLDIPG) and poly(l-diisobutyl glycolide) (4s-PLDIBG).
Surficial-enriched Ru on octahedral CeO2 with strong electronic interactions as an efficient electrocatalyst for hydrogen generation in alkaline freshwater/seawater
Authors: Li Jing , Guo Ruotong , Zang Xingchao , Wang Yue , Li Hongdong , Xiao Weiping , Xin Liantao , Zong Yingxia , Fu Guangying , Wu Zexing , Wang Lei
Published: December 2024

Surficial-enriched Ru was developed on octahedral CeO2 through a combination of hydrothermal synthesis and ultrafast (60 s) wet impregnation approaches, with the assistance of H2O2, which has superior electrocatalytic performance.
Synthesis, oxidation and unusual coordination chemistry of the diphosphete complex [(Cp′′′Co)2(μ,η4:4-(CH3CP)2)]
Authors: Rummel E.-M. , Elsayed Moussa M. , Parzefall M. , Peresypkina E. , Riesinger C. , Timoshkin A. Y. , Balázs G. , Mastrorilli P. , Todisco S. , Scheer Manfred
Published: December 2024

Synthesis of the unique diphosphete complexes [Cp′′′Co(P2C2Me2)] and [{Cp′′′Co}2(μ,P2C2Me2)], the oxidation of the latter in the presence of Ag[Al{OC(CF3)3}4] and its unexpected coordination behaviour towards Cu(i) and W(0) compounds is presented.
A high-performance dysprosium single-ion magnet with local pseudo cubic geometry
Authors: Shi Yanbo , Zhang Chennan , Shi Mingyue , Zhou Yang , Li Hong , Liu Rui , Zheng Shaojun , Yuan Aihua , Chen Lei , Chen Shu-Yang , Yin Bing , Hu Zhao-Bo
Published: December 2024

An eight-coordinate Dy(iii) complex with high energy barrier over 600 K represents the first case of zero-field SMM behaviour for a mononuclear cubic Ln(iii) complex. This work provides a new avenue for available high-performance SMMs.
Anion-mediated properties of a metal complex in a hexameric resorcin[4]arene cage: chirality induction, kinetics and reactivity
Authors: Ichou Hichem , Telliez Kevin , Lajnef Sonia , Peyrot Fabienne , Doistau Benjamin , Leherte Laurence , Colasson Benoit
Published: December 2024

Anions control time and chirality during the encapsulation of a cationic metal complex in a self-assembled cage.
Synthesis, characterization, biological activities, and computational studies of pyrazolyl–thiazole derivatives of thiophene
Authors: Bhagwat Seema K. , Pawar Tushar Janardan , Kulkarni Sayali A. , Patil Amar A. , More Rahul Ashokrao , Jimenez-Halla J. Oscar C. , Alvarado-Salazar Juan Andres , Olivares-Romero Jose Luis , Muteeb Ghazala , Delgado-Alvarado Enrique , Patil Sachin V.
Published: December 2024

This study reports the synthesis, characterization, computational studies and biological evaluation of a series of pyrazolyl–thiazole derivatives of thiophene.
Advancements in nanotechnology-driven photodynamic and photothermal therapies: mechanistic insights and synergistic approaches for cancer treatment
Authors: Shabnum S. Sameera , Siranjeevi R. , Raj C. Krishna , Saravanan A. , Vickram A. S. , Chopra Hitesh , Malik Tabarak
Published: December 2024

Cancer is a disease that involves uncontrolled cell division triggered by genetic damage to the genes that control cell growth and division.
Fluorescent probes for sensing and visualizing methylglyoxal: progress, challenges, and perspectives
Authors: Wen Jing , Zhang Qingya , Zhou Liyi
Published: December 2024

Developing effective tools for MGO is of great significance for studying pathogenesis. In this work, we provide a brief overview of recent research on fluorescent probes used for MGO biosensing in living cells, tissues, and animals.
Quantitative relationship between surface chemistry of graphene and compatibility with rubbers established by two-dimensional solubility parameters
Authors: Wang Ruixin , Yang Ruining , Ren Zhuohang , Zhang Bo , Lu Qingchuang , Yi Maojie , Luo Yanlong
Published: December 2024

The minimum δT of functionalized graphene and the δT of rubbers determine the thermodynamically compatible behavior of functionalized graphene and rubbers.
Development of pre-service chemistry teachers’ knowledge of technological integration in inquiry-based learning to promote chemistry core competencies
Authors: Nugraheni Anggiyani Ratnaningtyas Eka , Srisawasdi Niwat
Published: December 2024

The Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework is a cornerstone in teacher education, equipping educators with the skills to effectively integrate technology into their teaching practices. However, there is a noticeable research gap in the specific application of TPACK training to enhance chemistry core competencies (CCCs). This study, a collaborative effort with 32 Indonesian pre-service chemistry teachers (28 females and four males) from a public university, sets out to fill this gap by exploring the development of their knowledge of technological integration, with a focus on promoting core competencies in chemistry. We designed and implemented a TPACK-CCCs training intervention, a beacon of hope in teacher education, to foster both declarative and procedural knowledge in a technology-infused inquiry learning environment in chemistry. A mixed-methods approach was employed, involving pre- and post-intervention assessments to measure changes in declarative and procedural knowledge framed with TPACK through a multiple-choice TPACK test and chemistry competencies lesson plan design. The results brought about significant improvements in the pre-service teachers’ specific and overall TPACK. These findings paint a promising picture, suggesting that the TPACK-CCCs training intervention can effectively prepare pre-service teachers to incorporate digital technology in ways that enrich inquiry-based chemistry education and foster CCCs. The implications for teacher education programs and future research directions are discussed in a positive light.
An overview of various critical aspects of low-cobalt/cobalt-free Li-ion battery cathodes
Authors: Mallick Sourav , Patel Arjun , Paranthaman Mariappan Parans , Mugumya Jethrine H. , Kim Sunuk , Rasche Michael L. , Jiang Mo , Lopez Herman , Gupta Ram B.
Published: December 2024

Production of low-cobalt/cobalt-free cathodes, recycling, continuous manufacturing and fast-charging ability is important. They determine the cell manufacturing cost, supply-chain stability, environmental benignity.
Unraveling surface polarization in hydrothermally derived AgFeO2 nanosheets for enhanced photoelectrochemical performance
Authors: Yu Shui-Miao , Dong Xu-Dong , Zhao Zong-Yan
Published: December 2024

The PEC performance of AgFeO2 nanosheets is enhanced by the optimized surface polarization. Additionally, interstitial oxygen and an external magnetic field enhance multiple polarization couplings to maximize the PEC performance.
Wet-spun Ni, N-codoped macroporous carbon fibers for efficient CO2 electroreduction and Zn–CO2 batteries
Authors: Han Liu , Wang Cheng-wei , Xu Hai-ping , Yang Ming , Li Bing , Liu Ming
Published: December 2024

Ni, N-codoped macroporous carbon fibers have been developed as efficient electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction and Zn–CO2 batteries.
Hot-injected ligand-free SnTe nanoparticles: a cost-effective route to flexible symmetric supercapacitors
Authors: Jadhav Chandradip D. , Patil Girish P. , Lyssenko Svetlana , Minnes Refael
Published: December 2024

In this study, we report a novel approach for synthesizing tin telluride (SnTe) nanostructures using a hot injection method with water as the solvent, a significant departure from traditional organic solvents.
Enhanced liquid–liquid phase separation of stress granules in a reconstructed model and their cytoplasmic targeting using a DNA nanodevice
Authors: Liao Yue , Fan Chunyu , Zheng Jiaxin , Liu Caixia , Zhu Weiping , Xu Yufang , Qian Xuhong , Yang Yangyang
Published: December 2024

The regulation of liquid–liquid phase separation in an in vitro reconstructed stress granule model is achieved by employing a triangular prism-shaped DNA nanostructure to spatially regulate the multivalency interactions between G3BP1 and total RNAs.
A novel co-substitution strategy for the design, growth, and optoelectronic performance optimization of Cs2ZrCl6:Ce,Li single crystals
Authors: Jia Xinhui , Jiang Hechun , Chong Xi , Ju Weirui , Feng Ting , Zhao Zhiwei , Wei Hao , Li Jing , Cheng Shibo , Wang Jiyang
Published: December 2024

The authors developed a novel unit co-substitution strategy to improve the optoelectronic properties of perovskite crystals and achieved excellent X-ray detection performance.
Dynamic equivalent modelling for active distributed network considering adjustable loads charging characteristics
Authors: Wang Jingwen , Zheng Jiehui , Li Zhigang , Wu Qing‐Hua
Published: December 2024

As more renewable energy generators and adjustable loads such as electric vehicles are being connected to the power grids, load modelling of the distribution network becomes more complicated. Therefore, this paper explores a dynamic equivalent modelling method for active distribution network that takes into account electric vehicle charging. First of all the combination of integrated ZIP loads and motors is adopted as an equivalent model for active distribution networks. Subsequently, a four‐layer, tri‐stage deep reinforcement learning approach is used to solve the relevant key parameters of the proposed equivalent model. The method proposed in this paper fully utilizes the superiority of reinforcement learning in decision making, while the method combines the excellent feature extraction capability of deep learning. The method utilizes measurements obtained at boundary nodes to obtain an active distributed network equivalent model after a series of calculations. At the same time, adjustable loads are identified in detail. On the other hand, this method introduces a prioritized empirical playback mechanism, log‐cosh loss function, and adaptive operator to improve the computational efficiency of the method. From the simulation results, the present method is effective.
BREAST+: An augmented reality interface that speeds up perforator marking for DIEAP flap reconstruction surgery
Authors: Timóteo Rafaela , Pinto David , Matono Pedro , Mavioso Carlos , Cardoso Maria‐João , Gouveia Pedro , Marques Tiago , Simões Lopes Daniel
Published: December 2024

Deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap reconstruction is a common technique for breast reconstruction surgery in cancer patients. Preoperative planning typically depends on radiological reports and 2D images to help surgeons locate abdominal perforator vessels before surgery. Here, BREAST+, an augmented reality interface for the HoloLens 2, designed to facilitate accurate marking of perforator locations on the patients' skin and to seamlessly access relevant clinical data in the operating room is proposed. The system is evaluated in a controlled setting by conducting a user study with 27 medical students and 2 breast surgeons. Quantitative (marking error, task completion time, and number of task repetitions) and qualitative (perceived usability, perceived workload, user preference and user satisfaction) data are collected to assess BREAST+ performance during perforator marking. The average time taken to mark each perforator is 7.7 ± 6.5 s, with an average absolute error of 6.8 ± 2.6 mm and an estimated average deviation of 3.6 ± 1.4 mm. The results revealed non‐negligeable biases in user estimates likely attributed to depth perception inaccuracies. Still, the study concluded that BREAST+ is both accurate and considerably more efficient (∼6 times faster) when compared to the conventional perforator marking approach.
CASCO: Cosmological and AStrophysical parameters from Cosmological simulations and Observations
Authors: Busillo V. , Tortora C. , Covone G. , Koopmans L. V. E. , Silvestrini M. , Napolitano N. R.
Published: December 2024

Physical processes can influence the formation and evolution of galaxies in diverse ways. It is essential to validate their incorporation into cosmological simulations by testing them against real data encompassing various types of galaxies and spanning a broad spectrum of masses and galaxy properties. For these reasons, in this second paper of the CASCO series, we compare the structural properties and dark matter content of early-type galaxies taken from the CAMELS IllustrisTNG cosmological simulations to three different observational datasets (SPIDER, ATLAS3D, and MaNGA DynPop), to constrain the value of cosmological and astrophysical feedback parameters, and we compare the results with those obtained comparing the simulation expectations with late-type galaxies. We consider the size-mass, internal DM fraction-mass, and internal DM mass-stellar mass relations for all the simulations, and search for the best-fit simulation for each set of observations. For SPIDER, we find values for the cosmological parameters in line with both the literature and the results obtained from the comparison between simulations and late-type galaxies; results for the supernovae feedback parameters are instead opposite with respect to the previous results based on late-type galaxies. For ATLAS3D, we find similar values as from SPIDER for the cosmological parameters, but we find values for the supernovae feedback parameters more in line with what we found for late-type galaxies. From MaNGA DynPop, we find extreme values for the cosmological parameters, while the supernovae feedback parameters are consistent with ATLAS3D results. When considering the full MaNGA DynPop sample, including both late- and early-type galaxies, no single simulation can reproduce the full variety in the observational datasets. The constraints depend strongly on the specific properties of each observational trend, making it difficult to find a simulation matching all galaxy types, indicating the existence of limitations in the ability of simulations in reproducing the observations.
Two-epoch spectral imagery of the outflow system PV Cep
Authors: Movsessian T. A. , Magakian T. Yu. , Moiseev A. V.
Published: December 2024

Context. We continue to study the structure and kinematics of Herbig-Haro (HH) flows. HH flows exhibit a large variety of morphological and kinematical structures. Proper motion (PM) and radial velocity investigations are essential for understanding the physical nature of these structures.

Aims. We investigated the kinematics and PM of spectrally separated structures in the PV Cep HH flow HH 215.

Methods. We present observational results we obtained with a 6 m telescope (in Russia) using the SCORPIO multi-mode focal reducer with a scanning Fabry-Perot interferometer. Two epochs of the observations of the PV Cep region in Hα and [SII] emission (2003 and 2020–2021) allowed us to study the morphology of the HH 215 jet in detail and to measure the PM and radial velocities for its inner structures.

Results. We studied previously known emission knots in the HH 215 flow and new features. Moreover, a newly formed HH knot was revealed. It presumably formed during the large maximum of PV Cep in 1976–1977. We found the high-velocity inner channel in the HH 215 ionized outflow, oriented in the mean direction of the whole HH outflow, and the symmetry axis of the reflection nebula. The position angle of the HH knots located along the axis of the high-velocity channel coincide with its axis (about 325°), but others have a completely different value (about 25°). This supports the idea that these knots were formed by oblique shocks. We derived a value of i ≈ 30° ± 5° for the inclination angle between the flow axis and the line of sight. The total length of the HH 215 outflow probably is about 0.2 pc, and the full length of the bipolar outflow from PV Cep (HH 315 + HH 215) can be estimated as 3.6 pc, assuming that the inclination angle is approximately stable.