bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Semmes-Weinstein monofilament: A tool to quantify skin sensation in macular lesions for leprosy diagnosis
Authors: Frade Marco Andrey Cipriani , Rosa Dario Júnior de Freitas , Bernardes Filho Fred , Spencer John Stewart , Foss Norma T.
Published: June 2021

Introduction:

Hypochromatic macules with altered sensitivity are the first manifestations of skin leprosy. Validation of this sensory loss assists in the confirmation of the clinical diagnosis.

Aims:

The aim of the study was to quantify the loss of sensation in leprosy lesions using the Semmes-Weinstein monofilament to strengthen the clinical diagnosis mainly of macular forms.

Methods:

Seventy-four hypochromatic macules in the macular leprosy subgroup, 27 typical borderline leprosy subgroup lesions and 49 macules of other macular dermatoses (non-leprosy group) were evaluated using the 0.05 g force Semmes-Weinstein monofilament to quantify the alteration of sensitivity within and outside of the lesions. The esthesiometric change index was established as the total number of points with altered sensation divided by the total number of tested points within the lesions to calculate the internal esthesiometric change index and outside the lesions to calculate the peripheral esthesiometric change index; these indexes were calculated for all groups. The difference (Δ) between the esthesiometric change indices of the lesional area and the adjacent skin was calculated for the leprosy and nonleprosy groups.

Results:

The percentage of points with touch sensitivity alterations within the macular and typical borderline leprosy lesions was higher in leprosy than in the non-leprosy group. The borderline and macular leprosy presented higher esthesiometric change index within injured areas than outside injured areas or in the nonleprosy group (P< 0.005). When internal esthesiometric change index values in the macular and borderline leprosy groups were higher than 0.53 and 0.5, respectively, the receiver operating characteristic curve showed 98% sensitivity and approximately 99% specificity for both groups (P< 0.0001). Regarding the difference between indices, borderline and macular leprosy had values that were higher and closer to one than in the nonleprosy group (P< 0.0001), with 100% sensitivity and 96.5% specificity for leprosy diagnosis when ΔLG was higher than 0.34. A limitation was the inability to perform a double-blind study.

Conclusion:

Semmes-Weinstein esthesiometry is a simple, useful and low-cost tool to quantify the focal alteration of cutaneous sensitivity to improve clinical leprosy diagnosis, especially for macular lesions.
Elektrostatik Yüklemenin “Fırst Red” Gül Çeşidinin Depolanması Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: YILDIZ Gülnaz , AYDOĞAN Yüksel
Published: June 2021

Bu çalışmada ‘First Red’ çeşidi gülün, hasat sonrası yaşamsal faaliyetlerini koruma altına almak ve vazo ömrünü uzun tutmak için elektrostatik depolama sistemi kullanılmış ve gül üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Denemeler için etrafı kapalı bir kabin ve elektrostatik alan oluşturmayı sağlayan transformatör kullanılmıştır. Her bir uygulama için 15 adet First Red çeşidi gül kullanılmıştır. Ön deneme olarak değerlendirilen kontrol grubu ile kalibrasyonu yapılan depolama sisteminde, +70, +140, +210, -70, -140 ve -210 voltaj statik elektrik yüklerinde yapılan denemeler 0-2-4-6 gün aralıklarında değerlendirilmiştir. Değerlendirmeler sonucunda güllerde meydana gelen ağırlık kayıpları, boyun bükme açıları, su tüketim değerleri, yaprak ve taç yapraklardaki renk değişimleri, etilen ve karbondioksit miktarları ile nem değerlerine ilişkin veriler incelenmiş ve istatiksel olarak analizleri yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, ağırlık kaybı 6. günün sonunda +210 V elektrostatik uygulama ile 31.98 g olarak en iyi değeri vermiştir. Boyun bükülmesi, 6. günün sonunda en az -210 V elektrostatik uygulama ile 6.86° değerinde gerçekleşmiştir. Su tüketimi, 6. gün sonunda en iyi değerlerin -70 V, -140 V ve +140 V yüklerinde gerçekleştiği tespit edilmiştir. Taç ve çanak yapraklarındaki değişimler, -210 V elektrik yükünde olumlu sonuçları vermiştir. Etilen miktarı -210 V statik elektrik yükü ile koruma altına alınmış ve 6. günün sonunda 16 ppm değerine indirilmesi sağlanmıştır. Karbondioksit miktarı ile nem değerlerinde değişiklik görülmemiştir.
Determination of Effective Mutation Dose on Walnut (Juglans regia L. cv. Chandler) Budwoods
Authors: SANLI Sinem , DALKILIÇ Zeynel
Published: June 2021

Walnut (Juglans regia L., 2n=2x=32, Juglandaceae) is a deciduous temperate fruit species with an increasing economic importance and health benefits. The effective mutation dose (EMD) was not determined for ‘Chandler’ budwoods. The objective of this study was to determine the radiosensitivity of walnut budwoods to cobalt-60 gamma ray. One-year-old budwoods of ‘Chandler’ walnut cultivar carrying 4-5 buds in 20 cm in length were irradiated with cobalt-60. The gamma irradiation and chip budding were performed three different times. The budwoods were irradiated (1) with 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 Gy gamma doses on Apr 2017, (2) with 0, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 Gy gamma doses on Sep 2017, and (3) with only 42 Gy gamma dose on Apr 2018. Then, gamma irradiated budwoods were chip budded on seedling rootstocks. Mutation 1 Vegetation 1 (M1V1) plants were obtained. The humidity content of the budwoods was determined after gamma irradiation. The bud take ratio, shoot length, and chlorophyll density of M1V1 plants were measured. From the shoot length of the plants, EMD was calculated as 42.1 Gy after the first irradiation on Apr, 2017, and that was calculated as 20.9 Gy in the second irradiation on Sep, 2017. The main plant population was obtained by previously calculated 42.1 Gy dose in the third irradiation on Apr, 2018. The survival rates of budded plants in three irradiation experiments were 21.6%, 54.8%, and 32.0%, respectively. According to the results, the most suitable gamma ray dose is 42.1 Gy.
Deposition Rates of Asthma Triggers on Conventional and Enclosed Window Treatments
Authors:   Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, USA, PS Thorne , N Metwali ,   Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, USA, NG Wyland ,   Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, USA
Published: June 2021

Environmental interventions are an important element of managing allergies and asthma. Health professionals often recommend that draperies be replaced with window blinds however no data exist on accumulation of inhalant allergens or inflammatory bioaerosols on window treatments. Installing blinds that accumulate less dust may reduce breathing zone exposures when blinds are adjusted if hazardous amounts of bioaerosols are deposited. We sought to determine the rate of accumulation of dust, allergens, bacterial endotoxin and fungal glucan on window blinds of two distinct types mounted on the two types of windows most commonly installed in U.S. homes. The blinds tested were conventional horizontal slat blinds hanging on the inside of the window (roomside blinds) and similar blinds placed between the exterior window glass and an extra pane of glass on the interior side (between-glass blinds). The study was conducted in six households as a paired, repeated measures study. Households were identified for participation, having met the study criteria of children and cats living inside a carpeted home. Standard window blinds accumulated cat allergen, endotoxin and fungal glucan at rates of 5940ng/m², 1910EU/m², and 11,360ng/m² per month. Between-glass blinds reduced the loading of asthma triggers by 25- to 185-fold. Comparison with clinical thresholds associated with asthma morbidity indicates that room-side blinds accumulate potentially hazardous quantities of asthma triggers.
Editorial
Authors: Pompeu Ana Carollina Gutierrez
Published: June 2021

Editorial
“Culto da Saudade” nas Comemorações do Centenário da Independência do Brasil
Authors: Costa Júlia Furia
Published: June 2021

O presente estudo procura analisar a criação do Museu Histórico Nacional (MHN), como parte das comemorações do Centenário da Independência do Brasil que aconteceram na Capital Federal, Rio de Janeiro, em 1922. O Centenário da Independência ocorreu em um momento em que os debates políticos se concentravam em torno do tema da identidade nacional. Desta forma, a criação do MHN relacionou-se com o debate político coevo, procurando definir a partir de sua exposição a identidade e a memória nacional. Estas definições tiveram grande influencia de Gustavo Barroso, o fundador e primeiro diretor do Museu Histórico Nacional, e sua idéia de “Culto da Saudade”. Assim, com base na análise de periódicos, anais do MHN, crônicas e jornais do período procuramos relacionar a criação e a estruturação do MHN, como parte das comemorações do Centenário da Independência do Brasil, com o debate em torno da identidade nacional. Mostraremos, também, como a exposição desenvolvida por Gustavo Barroso procurou apresentar uma visão especifica de história e de identidade nacional.
Empreendimentos comerciais e a “questão indígena” nos sertões de Minas Gerais (1847-1860)
Authors: Silva Weder Ferreira da
Published: June 2021

A Companhia do Mucuri, fundada em 1847 pelo renomado político liberal Teófilo Benedito Ottoni, foi criada em um período de intensa atividade comercial e financeira no Brasil Imperial. Para colocar em prática o ambicioso projeto de comércio e navegação a vapor que interligaria a província de Minas Ã  praça comercial do Rio de Janeiro, o diretor da Companhia empreendeu a conquista de uma região até então habitada pelos temidos índios botocudo. O presente trabalho pretende abordar as estratégias de cooptação do apoio da população autóctone para o empreendimento capitalista. Pretendemos destacar ainda as ambivalências do processo de assimilação das populações indígenas e sua interface com a dilatação das fronteiras e da modernização do Brasil do século XIX.
Interdisciplinary Interaction between Music Education and History: Shaping the Musical Preferences in Classical Music of the 20th Century
Authors: Žnidaršič Jerneja
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the current study was to investigate whether an experimental programme, based on interdisciplinary interactions between music education and history and the implementation of arts and cultural education objectives, could influence pupils’ interest in Western classical music of the 20th century. The programme was designed on the basis of collaborating with music education and history teachers at two Slovenian primary schools and a Slovenian composer. Classes of pupils, aged fourteen and fifteen, were divided into an experimental and a control group. According to the outcome, the pupils in the experimental group showed a higher level of interest in contemporary classical music after the experiment than their peers in the control group. Furthermore, the pupils in the experimental group reported having listened on their initiative, to more classical compositions after the experiment than the pupils in the control group had.
DIFFERENCES IN APPLICATION OF ACCOUNTING STANDARDS – CURRENT ASPECTS
Authors: Savova Kameliya
Published: June 2021

Accounting standards and variance in their application is one of the current topics in economic research. Standardization in accounting represents the accepted organization of financial reporting and being aware of it contributes to making effective business decisions. The purpose of the study is to present the applicable accounting standards for publicly traded companies and for enterprises which do not issue securities, from a global standpoint in general, and for Bulgaria in particular. The results are based on data about the monitored jurisdictions of the International Financial Reporting Standards Foundation and Bulgaria. The research methodology is based on the methods of analysis and synthesis, comparison and generalization, study of literature and empirical data. The assertions are that the applicable accounting standards have a theoretical nature of working principles, rules, and approaches to financial reporting, and that basic accounting standards are elementary components of methodological accounting tools. It has been established that publicly traded companies apply the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in almost 75% of the states worldwide, while enterprises which do not issue securities adopt IFRS for small and medium-sized enterprises or national accounting standards as a basis for accounting, which constitutes grounds to conclude, that the differences in accounting across the world are not large, and that it is appropriate to perceive the applicable accounting standards as a macroeconomic characteristic. In Bulgaria, the standardization and legal regulation of accounting are in accordance with internationally accepted regulations and established practices of the European Union. The establishment and adoption of global accounting standards is a contribution of accounting to the modern development of mankind.
GLOBAL WORKFORCE DIVERSITY MANAGEMENT: CHALLENGES ACROSS THE WORLD
Authors: Kharroubi Daniela
Published: June 2021

The increased integration of global workforce from different countries of the multicultural world is a phenomenon which is lately observable in the labor market, i.e., people with different beliefs and backgrounds are interacting due to world’s rapid globalization. However, maintaining a positive workplace has been one of the essentials that companies work on to build their brand as an employer. Many articles have been written on diversity management, but little research has been done on global workforce diversity management. The aim of this article is to review recent literature, analyze publications in the field of diversity management, and to provide an insight into the challenges facing human resources management globally, with special focus on the Czech Republic. The paper provides a comprehensive review of quantitative, qualitative, and theoretical studies published in journals and selects articles that fulfill the desired criteria. In most companies, human resource management centers around effort to increase diversity and endorse inclusion. The target groups for diversity efforts differ according to the geographical region. Most countries, particularly in Europe and North America, insist mainly on retaining and promoting gender equality. These findings will benefit not only academicians but also managers and potential researchers, as they will be able to learn about the various aspects of global workforce diversity management.
MANAGEMENT OF CONSUMPTION ACCORDING TO THE SPECIAL ROLE OF NEED FOR SAFETY
Authors: Avilov Oleg
Published: June 2021

The article, based on the theory of functional equivalence, explains the reasons for changing individual consumption. From the point of view of the theory mentioned, any need is an imbalance caused by an excess of information, physical and chemical factors that arise during life. Satisfaction of a need is the search for a “channel” to establish equivalence. Such “channel” can represent either an increase or a decrease in number of factors used to eliminate the imbalance. The article shows that one of the most common imbalances is lack of security and proposes five “channels” to eliminate this imbalance. This imbalance is presented as something that already exist at the level of zygote and is determined by the initial level of disequilibrium which in turns determines future potential of the organism in question. This potential then has to be realized in the course of individual development. At the same time, additional imbalances generated, in particular by advertising, can lead to increased spending and risk of disease. In the process of searching for “channels” to establish equivalence, emotional stress develops. Satisfaction of needs is accompanied by a decrease in the severity of emotional stress and formation of positive emotions. In a survey of students, it was found that those who gave great importance to eliminating the lack of feeling of security by means of gaining new knowledge had lower levels of stress and more positive emotions than those who tried to eliminate their imbalances by accumulating material goods. The article shows that through coaching, individual hierarchy of needs may be changed.
Integrating Score, Performance, and Medium in the work-concept: The HypeSax as a Case Study
Authors:   , Ramos Flores Cristohper
Published: June 2021

This thesis presents a novel music-technology project, the HypeSax, which affords new roles to the saxophone and enhances its sound capacities. This document presents a discussion of the musical ideas and design criteria behind the development of this new instrument, addressing issues of embodiment that arise from the use of new technologies, and of what this new medium means in the discussion of the ontology of the musical work. This project is intended to research the medium through a case study, in which the medium becomes the central focus of my compositional decisions.

As part of this project, a body of new musical works, associated with the HypeSax, was created. These compositions and the creative process from which they originated are analysed in relation to the HypeSax, questioning if the musical work is limited to the composition or if other processes such as the development of the medium, which in this case is the HypeSax, can be considered part of its ontology.

The desire to understand and define the ontology of the musical work has led musicians, musicologists and philosophers to formulate multiple propositions that observe perspectives of creation and reception, as well as different ways in which these interact. This thesis proposes the integration of a new element in the conversation of the work-concept: the medium. The argument presented is that, in light of compositional practices in the twenty-first century, the creative work begins when musicians design instruments, software, audio setups, and other new technologies, actively transforming the medium through which their work works are created. Despite the fact that the medium has always been in close relation with the composition, performance and reception of the work, it has not been considered an element in the ontology of the work. Nevertheless, it becomes impossible to ignore the importance of the medium as new technologies facilitate its manipulation as a part of the creative process.

New works featuring the HypeSax are discussed, as well as how this novel medium provides the affordances and possibilities that allow the creation of said works. This case study serves to demonstrate the importance of the medium in the context of a new tripartite model of the work-concept where score, performance and medium are integrated, in a non-hierarchical structure, as one inseparable reality of music.
Redefining Supports: Extending Mass Customization with Digital Tools for Collaborative Residential Design
Authors: Lo Tian Tian , Mohamed Basem , Schnabel Marc Aurel
Published: June 2021

No description supplied
Smart heritage in selected australian local government smart city policies
Authors: Batchelor David , Schnabel Marc Aurel
Published: June 2021

Smart Heritage leverages the past to transform cities into smart cities. It bridges a theoretical framework between the existing smart cities and heritage discourses and can benefit both the smart and heritage of aspirations of cities. The recent increase in the preparation of smart city policies by local governments in Australia provides an opportunity to examine how the recent generation of smart city strategic documents implement Smart Heritage. This paper will investigate how three local government smart city policies in Australia; City Futures Strategy by Logan City Council, Lake Mac Smart City Smart Council: Digital Economy Strategy 2016-2020 by Lake Macquarie City Council, and Smart, Connected Brisbane by Brisbane City Council; implement Smart Heritage. It will also briefly discuss the areas in the policies where further implementation of Smart Heritage can support the smart city ambitions of the cities. The main findings are the policies subtly implement Smart Heritage, and it is most present in high-level definitions and objectives. There is a need to develop Smart Heritage lower-level provisions and initiatives as there is a lack of these across the policies. Nevertheless, there is ample theoretical overlap between Smart Heritage and the policies to further implement Smart Heritage within the existing policy frameworks.
Mindful manifestation: A method for designing architectural forms using brain activities
Authors: Nguyen D , Moleta Tane , Schnabel Marc Aurel
Published: June 2021

This paper describes the method of establishing a tool, interconnecting a selection of hardware and computational software to design architecture, through the manipulation of forms using brain activities inside a Virtual Reality (VR) environment. This is achieved through the use of electroencephalography (EEG), detecting brain activities and live streaming numerical data inside VR environment. Architectural forms are manipulated and interacted live by this data stream. The paper discusses the methods, findings, technical limitations as well as potential modifications which would otherwise improve the system’s performance for the intended purposes.
Digital Design Ecology to Generate a Speculative Virtual Environment Reimagining New Relativity Laws
Authors: Rogers J , Schnabel Marc Aurel , Moleta Tane
Published: June 2021

This paper presents the trilogy of virtual classifications, the speculative environment, the virtual inhabitant and the virtual built-form. These combine, generating a new realm of design within immersive architectural space, all to be designed relative to each other, this paper focuses on the speculative environment portion. This challenged computational design and representation through atmospheric filters, visible environment boundaries, materiality and audio experience. The speculative environment was generated manipulating the physical laws of the physical world, applied within the virtual space. The outcome provided a new spatial experience of architectural dynamics enhanced by detailed spatial qualities. Design concepts within this paper suggest at what immersive virtual reality can evolve into. Following an interconnective design methodology framework allowed a high level of complexity and richness to shine through the research case study throughout the process and final dissemination stages.
Consumer choice of health facility among the lowest socioeconomic group in newly established demand-side health-financing scheme in Pakistan
Authors: Malik Sidra , Sadiq Naveed , Anwar Saeed , Qazi Umair
Published: June 2021

Background: The Social Health Protection Initiative (SHPI) was introduced initially in Pakistan in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province. The initiative aimed to provide the lowest socioeconomic group of the population with in-patient healthcare services, which otherwise would be financially hard to obtain. It is one of the flagship projects of the Provincial Government to contribute towards the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and universal health coverage. Aims: To assess consumer choice of health facility and its determinants for public versus private sector health facilities by people enrolled in SHPI. Methods: We used secondary data of availed health services from February 2016 to September 2017 under SHPI. A proxy outcome variable, visit to health facility, was used to determine consumer choice between public and private sector health facilities. The treatment group (health services received by beneficiaries) was used as an independent variable controlled for age groups, cost groups, and geographic location of health facilities. All statistical analyses were performed by SPSS version 20. Results: Most beneficiaries chose private over public health facilities (90.25%). The adjusted odds of visiting a public sector health facility for surgical and obstetrics/gynaecological services were 0.12 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.10–0.16] and 0.11 (95% CI: 0.09–0.14) respectively, when compared to medical services. Conclusion: SHPI beneficiaries have lesser odds of visiting a public hospital over a private one. The choice may be affected by factors such as age of the beneficiary, cost of health services, and geographic location of health facilities.
Modern methods of surgical treatment of anal canal and rectum combined pathology
Authors: Balytskyy V. V. , Zakharash M. P. , Kuryk O. G.
Published: June 2021

Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of surgical treatment of anal canal and rectum combined pathology, through combined surgical interventions using modern electro- and radiosurgical technologies.

Materials and methods. A comparative evaluation of the results of surgical treatment of 681 patients with combined pathology of the anal canal and rectum, who underwent combined single-stage operations using high-frequency electrosurgery and radio-wave surgery.

Results. In case of application the device for radio-wave surgery "Surgitron", and also devices of high-frequency electrosurgery "ERBE ICC 200", "EFA", "KLS Martin" duration of operation is reduced to (15 - 25 ± 3) minutes, volume of blood loss decreases to (15 ± 6) ml, the need for narcotic analgesics decreases up to (2 ± 1) ml, the duration of inpatient treatment was reduced up to (4 ± 1) days.

Conclusions. The use of modern radio- and electrosurgical technologies for the treatment of combined anorectal pathology prevents the occurrence of anal canal strictures and scarring of the perianal areas, causing the cosmeticity of combined operations.
Endogenous intoxication indicators in advanced peritonitis and their correction
Authors: Mammadova E. T.
Published: June 2021

Objective. To study the lipid peroxidation processes and endogenous intoxication indicators in patients with widespread peritonitis before surgery and during the treatment.

Materials and methods. The study included 97 patients (43 men and 54 women) aged from 17 to 69 years with purulent peritonitis. According to treatment scheme, patients were divided into two groups. Patients in group 1 received standard treatment, and in patients in group 2 standard treatment was supplemented by immunoreactions. The concentration of diene conjugates and malonic dialdehyde, reduced glutathione, catalase activity and the concentration of medium molecular weight peptides were determined in the blood of patients and almost healthy people.

Results. The concentration of diene conjugates, malonic dialdehyde and medium molecular weight peptides in the blood of patients with advanced peritonitis increased significantly depending on the clinical stage of the disease, while the activity of the enzyme catalase and the concentration of reduced glutathione were decreased.

Conclusions. Immunoreactions in combination with standard treatment leads to normalization of lipid peroxidation and reduction of endogenous intoxication on the 5th and 10th days of treatment.
Gender disparities in colorectal polyps
Authors: Safiyeva A. K.
Published: June 2021

Objective. The main objective of the research is the pathohistological consequences of colorectal adenomatosis polyps and their gender-based assessment. Gender and its connection with advanced colorectal displasia are the focus of the research study.

Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis was conducted 100 patients. The age group of the patients in the research study mainly encompassed 19 to 65 aged patients. During the medical procedure, the gender distribution of the cases was determined as 60 males and 40 females respectively.

Results. There is strong evidence for an association between gender and the risk of advanced colorectal neoplasia. The findings regarding the positive interrelation for gender and advanced colorectal neoplasia are consistent with other large colonoscopy-based studies.

Conclusions. As a result of the study, we would like to emphasize that colorectal polyps are more common in men compared to in women
Ferdinand Gottlob Schichau i jego stocznia
Authors: Borzestowski Waldemar
Published: June 2021

Ferdinand Gottlob Schichau swoją zawrotną karierę zawdzięczał niezwykłej pracowitości, energii, a także wybitnym uzdolnieniom. Urodzony w 1814 r. w Elblągu, był absolwentem Królewskiego Instytutu Technicznego (Königliches Gewerbe­­‑Institut) w Berlinie. Podczas zagranicznego stypendium zapoznał się z wiodącymi kierunkami industrializacji w Europie, zafascynowała go produkcja maszyn parowych i ich wykorzystywanie w przemyśle. Odrzucił propozycję zatrudnienia w dużym przedsiębiorstwie, pragnął budować wszystko od podstaw, samodzielnie. W 1837 r. założył w Elblągu mały Zakład Budowy Maszyn, pracowało w nim ośmiu mężczyzn. Taki był początek firmy, która pod koniec wieku zatrudniała tysiące robotników. Obdarzony genialnym wyczuciem nie tylko w zakresie nowinek technicznych, ale również koniunktury, F.G. Schichau wszystkie swoje przedsięwzięcia doprowadził do pełnego rozkwitu. W 1893 r. w przemysłowym krajobrazie Gdańska zaistniała nowa struktura, stocznia Schiffswerft von F. Schichau. Zakład okrętowy posiadał sześć pochylni i pod względem możliwości budowy dużych statków należał do przodujących w Niemczech. W przedsiębiorstwach należących do firmy Schichaua budowano lokomotywy, ogromne okręty wojenne (pancerniki i krążowniki), pogłębiarki portowe, a także aparaturę dla cukrowni i maszyny do tartaków. Tuż przed I wojną światową armator Norddeutscher Lloyd zamówił w stoczni dwa rekordowej wielkości pasażerskie olbrzymy – legendarne transatlantyki „Columbus”.

Ślady działalności zakładów Schichaua wciąż daje się zauważyć w wielu miejscach, a jego postać przeszła do legendy. Artykuł stanowi opowieść o założycielu, jego spadkobiercach i przedsiębiorstwach przez nich prowadzonych. Starałem się przedstawić te aspekty działalności firmy, które uznać wypada za kluczowe. To szkic historyczny, przedstawiający losy ogromnego w swej skali przemysłowego przedsięwzięcia, które szczyt swego rozwoju osiągnęło na przełomie XIX i XX w. Było wizytówką Gdańska i miastem w mieście. Zagościło w literaturze i jest stałym elementem wyobraźni historycznej każdego, kto zajmuje się dziejami miasta.
"Restituta". Author’s family life meanders in Gdańsk and Pomerania
Authors: Cywiński Zbigniew
Published: June 2021

On the centenary of Poland’s rebirth in 1918, I found the need to touch the life of Polish people in Prussia before WW1 and later – in Poland during the interwar period, in Nazi Germany (1939–1945), and in after­­‑war Poland since 1945; the place has been limited to the historical Pomerania, situated on the Vistula.

A general approach I replace by a brief description of some casual events concerning my own family that can be characteristic for the particular times. In this paper, such standing has been modestly related also to the milieu of chance and mischance in human life.
Wspomnienie o tym, jak fizycy toruńscy pomagali w utworzeniu ośrodka fizyki na Uniwersytecie Gdańskim
Authors: Szudy Józef
Published: June 2021

W artykule krótko opisano rolę fizyków związanych z Uniwersytetem Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu (Aleksander Jabłoński, Alfons Kawski, Jerzy Grzywacz, Roman S. Ingarden, Jan Fiutak, Eugeniusz Czuchaj, Józef A. Heldt) w utworzeniu ośrodka fizyki na Uniwersytecie Gdańskim. Przedstawiono także niektóre aspekty współpracy pomiędzy tymi uniwersytetami, która przyczyniła się do rozwoju badań w zakresie fizyki atomowej, molekularnej i optycznej oraz fizyki teoretycznej.
Pengaruh prenatal yoga terhadap kualitas tidur pada ibu hamil trimester III
Authors: Ismiyati Atik , Faruq Zulfikar Husni
Published: June 2021

The effect of prenatal yoga on sleep quality in third trimester pregnant women. Background: Pregnancy entering the third trimester occurs physical and psychological changes. This condition causes pregnant women to experience complex complaints, one of which is disturbance when sleeping. By doing prenatal yoga is useful for overcoming sleep difficulties so that it can improve the health of the mother and the fetus. Research Objectives: To determine the effect of prenatal yoga on sleep quality of third trimester pregnant women at PMB Poltekkes, Yogyakarta Midwifery Department. Methods: This type of research is pre-experimental with a one group pre-test-post-test design. The population in this study were pregnant women with gestational age above 28 weeks with a total of 32 pregnant women. The sampling technique uses total sampling. The research instrument used PSQI, data analysis used paired sample t-test. Results: The results of data analysis showed that before implementing prenatal yoga, the mean value decreased from 9.28 to 6.44. Based on statistical tests using paired sample t-test with the help of SPSS showed p = 0.000; where the p-value <0.05, which means that Ha is accepted. Conclusion: There is an effect of prenatal yoga on the sleep quality of pregnant women in the third trimester.
Squamous cell carcinoma pada anjing rescue
Authors: Pawitri Diah
Published: June 2021

Anjing rescue adalah anjing yang diadopsi atau mendapatkan rumah baru dari pemilik sebelumnya yang tidak  mengurus, tidak memberi perhatian, melakukan kekerasan fisik dan atau membiarkan anjingnya berkeliaran di jalan. Squamous cell carcinoma merupakan tumor kulit yang banyak ditemukan pada hewan kecil khususnya terlalu banyak terpapar sinar matahari. Seekor anjing Pitttbull di rescue dan di bawa berobat ke klinik karena adanya massa cauliflower pada skapula kiri. Hasil pemeriksaan fisik dan berbagai pertimbangan pemilik, dilakukan operasi tanpa pemeriksaan penunjang laboratorium darah dan radiografi. Pengangkatan jaringan tumor dilakukan melalui tindakan bedah dimana daerah sayatan dibuat margin 2-3 cm pada jaringan sehat di sekitar tumor, penutupan area bedah dengan teknik teknik skin flapping. Pemeriksaan histopatologi jaringan tumor untuk penegakan diagnosa dan hasilnya diidentifikasi sebagai jenis cutaneous lokal ekstensif epidermal nekrosis dengan hiperkeratosis, parakeratotik dan othokeratotik dengan intradermal multifokus carcinoma (Squamous cell carcinoma non keratin) dan stromal fibroplasia.
Amputasi ektremitas kaudalis sinistra pada kucing domestik akibat gigitan biawak
Authors: Syafruddin . , Rahayu Intan , Panjaitan Budianto
Published: June 2021

Seekor kucing domestik jantan dengan nama Sarji, berwarna hitam-putih, berat badan 3,1 kg dan berumur ± 2,5 tahun dibawa ke Laboratorium Klinik dengan keadaan luka akibat gigitan biawak. Kondisi os tibia ekstremitas sinistra distal menjulur keluar dari muskulus yang sudah tidak ditutupi kulit dan bagian metatarsal telah mengalami kematian jaringan. Kucing ditangani dengan tindakan amputasi ekstremitas kaudalis khususnya os tibia fibula sinistra. Pasien diberikan antibiotik, anti inflamasi dan anti nyeri pascaamputasi. Pasien tidak menjalani perawatan pascaoperasi secara intensif di klinik karena permintaan pemilik. Proses kesembuhan kucing pascaamputasi berjalan dengan baik berdasarkan informasi pemilik. Luka telah mengering dan hewan mampu berjalan dengan baik menggunakan ketiga kaki lainnya
A Pastoral Familiar dos menos favorecidos
Authors: Moser Antônio
Published: June 2021

Já há muito a Pastoral Familiar vem sendo objeto de preocupações por parte da Igreja do Brasil. Estas preocupações são mais do que justificadas diante de tuna problemática familiar que praticamente nasceu com o Brasil e que vem se acentuando nas últimas décadas. Apesar dos constantes esforços ao longo dos tempos, os resultados nunca foram muito animadores. Isto se deve tanto a dificuldades inerentes ao nosso contexto sócio-cultural e religioso, quanto à compreensão do próprio sentido da “Pastoral Familiar”...
O “Evangelho” de Santo Domingo
Authors: Boff Clodovis M.
Published: June 2021

Vai aqui uma leitura “positiva” do Documento de Santo Domingo (DSD). A leitura “crítica” já foi feita. Mas isso era só um trabalho preliminar. Pois não se vive de crítica, mas de propostas concretas. Os bispos já fizeram o seu trabalho, dentro dos limites que sabemos. Agora compete às bases eclesiais fazer o seu...
Igreja católica e sociedade nos anos 90
Authors: Benedetti Luiz Roberto
Published: June 2021

Mais do que traçar um quadro acabado da Igreja Católica na sociedade brasileira, tal como pode ser “vislumbrada” nos anos 90, tentaremos esboçar aqui as interrogações e impasses que se apresentam e linhas interpretativas que permitam situar a discussão sobre a presença pública da Igreja na sociedade...
Role of Inflammatory Mediators in Endothelial Dysfunction of Umbilical Cord Vessels in Pregnant Women after Third-Trimester Nonprimary Cytomegaloviral Infection
Authors: Dorofienko N. N. , Andrievskaya I. A. , Ishutina N. A.
Published: June 2021

Background. Endothelial cells are the site of productive replication, hematogenous spread and persistence for a variety of viruses, including cytomegalovirus, which play a critical role in the development of vascular complications associated with cytomegalovirus infection due to developing endothelial dysfunction.

Aim: to reveal the role of inflammatory mediators (tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1β, interleukin-8) in the formation of umbilical cord vascular endothelial dysfunction in reactivation of latent cytomegalovirus infection in the third trimester of pregnancy.

Material and methods. The standard method of solid-phase (“sandwich” variant) enzyme immunoassay was carried out to study pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1β, -8), endothelin-1, nitrite anion in the blood of the umbilical cord of newborns from mothers who come through reactivation of latent cytomegalovirus infection in the third trimester of pregnancy. The work includes examination data of 78 newborns born at 38–40 weeks of gestation. Among them: 45 newborns were born by CMV-seropositive women with reactivation of latent cytomegalovirus infection in the third trimester of pregnancy (main group) and 33 – by CMV-seronegative women (control group). Umbilical vein blood serum was chosen as the material for the study.

Results. In the blood of the umbilical vein of newborns from mothers with reactivation of latent cytomegalovirus infection in the third trimester of pregnancy, a high level of pro-inflammatory cytokines was detected: tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1β, interleukin-8 (p < 0.001) with a simultaneous increase in the content of endothelin-1 and nitrite anion (p < 0.001), compared with similar indicators for healthy newborns.

Conclusion. Reactivation of latent cytomegalovirus infection in the third trimester of pregnancy is associated with the formation of a systemic fetal inflammatory response determined by a high concentration of inflammatory mediators (tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1β, interleukin-8) and an increase in vasoactive compounds (endothelin-1 and nitrite-anion) leading to the formation of dysfunction of the vascular endothelium of the umbilical cord.
Analysis of the Degree of Involvement of the Lower Limb Muscles in the Pathological Process in Adolescents with Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Shchurova E. N. , Saifutdinov M. S. , Dolganova T. I. , Akhmedova M. A. , Gorbach A. P.
Published: June 2021

Background. The problem of the effect of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis on the functional condition of the lower limb muscles is still highlighted insufficiently.

Aim. Analysis of the degree of involvement of the lower limb muscles in the pathological process in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis.

Methods. A comparative analysis has been made on the results of examination of 209 adolescents: 25 adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis; 170 normal adolescents; 14 adolescents with congenital scoliosis. The moments of force ofthe lower limb muscles were evaluated using dynamometric stands. Electrophysiological characteristics of the lower limb muscles were registered by the method of global and stimulation electroneuromyography.

Results. The decrease in the amplitude of voluntary EMG of the femoral muscles in adolescents with idiopathic and congenital scoliosis is accompanied by dropping the moments of force relative to the values of the control group. The leg muscles are characterized by the preservation of the values of force at the level of normal test subjects under the conditions of the reduced voluntary EMG of high frequency. The amplitude of the M-responses of the indicator muscles and the values of the excitation propagation velocity along the motor fibers were also preserved. There are no statistically significant correlations between the amount of the spine deformity, on the one hand, and the values of asymmetry of the characteristics of the muscles in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis.

Conclusion. In adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis the function of femoral muscles is decreased, and there is no relationship between the amount of the spine deformity and the values of asymmetry of the characteristics of the lower limb muscles. The similar character of muscle function changes in adolescents with idiopathic and congenital scoliosis can testify that the cause of the observed changes is not the disease etiology, but the insufficient level of motor activity.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome and Features of the Neurophysiological Sleep Pattern
Authors: Ukhinov E. B. , Madaeva I. M. , Berdina O. N. , Kolesnikova L. I.
Published: June 2021

The high prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) causes a steady interest in this pathology. In recent years, one of the urgent problems in modern somnology is the assessment of the main mechanisms of neuronal dysfunction during the day and at night in OSA, the ideas about which, to a large extent, remain contradictory and not fully understood. One of the modern methods for assessing neuronal dysfunction during sleep is the study of the sleep microstructure, and for its assessment, the method of analysis of cyclic alternating pattern (CAP), an EEG marker of unstable sleep, is used. The cyclic alternating pattern is found both in the sleep of adults and children with various sleep disorders and, in particular, with OSAS, therefore, it is a sensitive tool for studying sleep disorders throughout life. With the elimination of night hypoxia against the background of CPAP therapy, the sleep microstructure is restored, the spectral characteristics of the EEG change, and a decrease in the number of EEG arousals after treatment leads to the restoration of daytime functioning. Understanding the role of short-term EEG activations of the brain during sleep can provide significant data on sleep functions in health and disease. Despite the improving diagnosis of sleep disorders using machine algorithms, assessing the relationship of structures and functions of the brain during sleep, neurophysiological data are not entirely clear, which requires further research. In this review, we tried to analyze the results of the main studies of the neurophysiological sleep pattern in OSA against the background of respiratory support during sleep.
Optimization of the Algorithm for Choosing the Surgical Treatment of Anterior Recurrent Instability of the Shoulder Joint
Authors: Chirkov N. N. , Nikolaev N. S. , Pashentsev Y. A. , Alekseeva A. V. , Yakovlev V. N.
Published: June 2021

Introduction. Chronic recurrent instability of the shoulder joint is a frequent outcome of conservative treatment oftraumatic dislocation of the shoulder (2.8–30 % of cases). Preoperative examination largely determines the outcome of surgical treatment of this pathology.

The aim of the study was to provide a clinical assessment of the developed algorithm for the surgical treatment of patients with recurrent anterior shoulder joint instability. Materials and methods. The results of treatment of 98 patients with recurrent anterior shoulder joint instability were studied. Preoperative examination included clinical tests, MRI or CT with calculation of bone loss. Fifty-six patients (57.1 %) underwent Bankart operation, 14 patients (14.3 %) – Latarjet operation. Twenty-three patients (23.5 %) underwent Bankart + Remplissage surgery, and 5 (5.1 %) – Latarjet + remplissage. The result was assessed on the ROWE scale.

Results. Bone defects significant in the formation of instability (“glenoid off track”) were found in 19.4 % of patients, and “glenoid on track” – in 80.6 %. According to the proposed algorithm for treating patients with anterior recurrent instability of the shoulder joint, the “glenoid off track” state was an indication for Latarjet surgery. When “glenoid on track” was used, indications for Bankart operation were displayed. The remplissage procedure was indicated in case of the presence of a Hill-Sachs grade 3 defect or the presence of hyperelasticity of the tissues of the shoulder joint. The mean ROWE score for the entire group of patients before surgery was 41.5 ± 12.8 points, and 15 months after sur gery – 94.9 ± 3.4 points. Two recurrent dislocations were revealed, one of which was associated with repeated trauma, and the other – with an incorrect choice of stabilization technique. One complication (axillary nerve neuropathy) was observed, which was arrested conservatively.

Conclusions. The proposed algorithm allowed us to obtain positive results in 97.9 % of cases.
The Value of Cystoscopy in the Assessment of Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome
Authors: Sholan R. F.
Published: June 2021

Background. There are significant differences in the diagnosis of interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/ BPS), in particular, controversy regarding the diagnostic role of cystoscopy or hydrodistension cystoscopy.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the results of cystoscopy with hydrodistension in women with IC/BPS.

Materials and methods. The study involved 126 women with IC/BPS, mean age – 46.7 ± 14.0 years. The duration of the disease was 6.0 ± 2.8 years. Questionnaires PUF, VAS, USS, and potassium test were used. Cystoscopy and urinary bladder hydrodistension were performed.

Results. The sum of points on the PUF scale was 8.14 ± 1.76, on the VAS scale – 5.45 ± 0.93, on the USS scale – 2.63 ± 0.91. A positive potassium test was detected in 91.3 % of cases, the sensitivity of the test was 86.5 %, the specificity – 84.6 %. The anatomical bladder capacity was 308.0 ± 77.5 ml. The average indicator of maximum bladder filling in women with mild pain was higher than in moderate and severe pain by 30.9 % (p < 0.05) and 53.0 % (p < 0.01), respectively. In 11.9 % of cases, polyps were detected at the external opening of the urethra. During cystoscopy, diffuse mucosal bleeding was detected in 39.8 % of cases, diffuse submucosal bleeding – in 21.4 %, rare glomerulations – in 14.3 %, Gunner’s lesions in 12.7 % of cases. After hydrodistension, the changes were more often diffuse (n = 57). There was a significant relationship (r = –0.57, p < 0.01) between the maximum filling of the bladder and the degree of severity of mucosal abnormalities. The severity of changes in the mucous membrane of the bladder positively correlated with the sum of points on the PUF questionnaire (r = +0.61, p = 0.003), on the VAS questionnaire (r = +0.59, p = 0.008) and according to the USS questionnaire (r = +0.66, p = 0.005).

Conclusion. Cystoscopy can be used to examine IC/BPS in accordance with the recommendations of international societies. The obtained data can help to improve the effectiveness of IC/PBS diagnostics.