bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Learning Competencies of Bachelor of Technical Vocational Teacher Education (BTVTEd) Students Major in Electronics Technology
Authors: - Donn Raymond L. Bermundo
Published: February 2025

This study analyzed the learning experience of the Bachelor of Technical-Vocational Teacher Education (BTVTEd) ELX students along with their specialization courses in Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges (CSPC). This study aimed to determine the level of learning competency and determine the challenges they encounter affecting the teaching-learning process in their specialized courses. This study utilized a descriptive method of research and purposive sampling to gather data from the respondents. A developed and validated survey questionnaire was used to gather the data, and a weighted mean was employed to analyze and determine the level of competency and factors affecting students’ competency along in the specialized courses. Two groups of participants were involved: 5 technical experts for survey validation and 58 incoming 3rd-year BTVTED ELX students for the level of competency and experience assessment.
The study revealed that the students rated an overall rating of 2.80 with a verbal interpretation of Competent along Electronics Technology Program in the following qualifications: Electronic Products Assembly and Servicing, Computer Systems Servicing, Instrumentation and Control Servicing, Mechatronics Servicing, and Broadband Installation. This means that they are Competent with the prescribed competencies per CMO 79 s. 2017. Also, with the teaching-learning process they experienced in their specialized courses which got an overall weighted mean of 2.93 which means Agree along with the Academic Challenges, Instructional, Institutional and Personal Barriers which affects in the acquisition of the necessary knowledge, skills and attitudes for Electronics Technology program. It can also be gleaned from the result that generally the Core Competencies of the different specializations got lower ratings compared with the Basic Competencies suggesting that there is really a need to enhance the current delivery of the program to achieve high level of competency. The mechatronics servicing got the lowest result out of the qualifications which the researcher suggests a training for the ELX instructors to address this concern thus, the researcher also recommends reinforcing various factors affecting the quality of education to achieve Highly Competent results and along with its vision of providing the best polytechnic education to its students by continuously creating opportunities such as professional and skills development for the electronics instructors, revisiting of the curriculum, upgrading of the facilities to achieve the necessary skills stipulated in the BTVTED Electronics Technology program.
The Plight and Problems of Women Workers in Unorganized Sector with Focus on Coimbatore
Authors: - Dr.S JAYACHITRA
Published: February 2025

The research study on the plight and problems faced by women workers in unorganized sector with focus on Coimbatore plays a vital role in terms of providing employment opportunities for women workers and more work satisfaction. In India, women constitute nearly half of the total population and they play a vital role in the domestic sphere, in the rural field and also in an urban economy. the problem they encounter include low wages, exploitation, limited job security, lack of social protection, unsafe working conditions, discrimination and the burden of balancing work and family responsibilities. The study brings to light the plight of women workers in Coimbatore to identify their problems and rectify it. The objectives of the study are To study the socio economic conditions of women workers in unorganized sector: To analyze the plight and problems faced by women workers in unorganized sector. Research methodology on a well structural interview schedule was prepared for collecting the primary data and the secondary data on various articles, journals and websites. A probability random sampling method on 60 respondents was collected from various destinations involves descriptive analysis of the women work related satisfaction.
A Case Report On Sunscreen Induced Contact Dermatitis
Authors: - Aaska Patel , - Ritika Patel , - Chanakya Joshi
Published: February 2025

Background:
PCOS-related acne is commonly treated with topical retinoids, antibiotics, and sunscreen, but chemical UV filters like oxybenzone can cause hypersensitivity reactions.
Case Presentation:
A 20-year-old female with PCOS developed facial redness, itching, exfoliation, and fever (102°F) after applying a sunscreen containing oxybenzone overnight. Lab findings showed elevated eosinophils (13.1%), indicating an allergic reaction.
Management:
Treatment was discontinued, and she was prescribed Desonide, Allegra, Dolo 650, and Excela Moisturizer. The ADR was moderate, predictable, and probably preventable.
Conclusion:
This case highlights the need for patch testing, hypoallergenic sunscreen selection, and patient education to prevent sunscreen-induced hypersensitivity in acne-prone individuals.
From Policy to Politics: The Role of Electoral Considerations in Shaping India's Welfare Programs
Authors: - Shyamrao Pandurang Rokade
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the intricate relationship between electoral considerations and the formulation of welfare programs in India. Over the years, welfare schemes have evolved not only as tools for poverty alleviation but also as significant political instruments. The study investigates how political parties strategically design and implement welfare policies to secure voter support
From Colonialism to Algorithms: AI and Technology as Instruments of Neocolonialism
Authors: - Wonmachui Luikham
Published: February 2025

This paper tries to examine the intersection of technology and artificial intelligence (AI) as instruments of neocolonialism and exploring how they perpetuate global inequalities and new forms of economic dominance. By analysing Yanis Varoufakis work Technofeudalism: What Killed Capitalism, the study examines the concentration of technological power in the hands of a few global corporations, which leverage AI to control data, labour, and resources in both developed and developing countries. It argues that AI-driven technologies reinforce similar dependence which echoes the colonial exploitation patterns to the third world or developing countries, while also creating new digital divides. The paper will discuss how these dynamics shape contemporary geopolitics, labour relations, and social hierarchies, offering a critical lens on AI's role in reshaping global power structures within a neocolonial framework.
A Policy Research for an Effective Annual Budget Preparation of the Local Government Unit in Paracale, Camarines Norte
Authors: - Marlo Arejola dela Peña
Published: February 2025

This policy research examines the annual budget preparation process of the Local Government Unit (LGU) in Paracale, Camarines Norte, focusing on the fiscal years 2021 to 2023. The study utilizes a qualitative approach, incorporating unstructured interviews and a descriptive-evaluative methodology to understand the existing process, identify challenges, and propose solutions to enhance efficiency and effectiveness. Key findings highlight delays caused by external factors like late NTA share releases and internal challenges such as manpower shortages and insufficient information dissemination on priority programs. Recommendations include increasing budget allocation for personnel, implementing an eBudget system, and conducting regular refresher courses for budget personnel. The research aims to contribute to the development of a more responsive, efficient, and transparent budget preparation process in Paracale, fostering economic growth and improved public service delivery.
Antibacterial Activity Test of Basil Seed Extract (Ocimum sanctum L.) Against Growth Staphylococcus epidermidis
Authors: - Marselina Chindi Claudia Diana Su'u , - Kartini Lidia , - Su Djie To Rante , - Desi Indriarini
Published: February 2025

Background: Staphylococcus epidermidis is a normal flora found in almost all parts of the human body that under certain circumstances can cause infection. It is the most common major nosocomial pathogen associated with medical devices and is currently one of the leading causes of increased morbidity and mortality in hospitals. Staphylococcus epidermidis infections are usually treated with antibiotics, which are generally resistant, so alternative natural ingredients are needed to inhibit their growth. One alternative that can be used is basil seeds (Ocimum sanctum L.).
Objective: To determine the antibacterial activity of basil seed extract (Ocimum sanctum L.) against the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis.
Methods: This type of research uses a true experimental design with a post-test only control group design. In this study there were treatment groups given basil seed extract with concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%, positive control clindamycin and negative control sterile distilled water with Staphylococcus epidermidis as the test bacteria. The antibacterial testing method used disc diffusion. The results were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis statistical test.
Results: The results of the antibacterial potential test of basil seed extract against the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis showed that basil seed extract with concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% did not form an inhibition zone around the disc paper.
Conclussion: Basil seed extract (Ocimum sanctum L.) has no antibacterial activity against the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis.
Evaluating Antibiotic Prescribing Appropriateness in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kerala Using Gyssens’ Categorization
Authors: - Sanjay Sreekumar.K , - Rakesh Kumar Jat
Published: February 2025

The irrational use of antibiotics has contributed significantly to the global burden of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study evaluates antibiotic prescription patterns and rational drug use in a tertiary care hospital using WHO prescribing indicators. A six-month prospective observational study was conducted, analyzing prescribing trends, adherence to essential drug lists, and prevalence of sensitivity testing. Among 120 inpatients, 65% received antibiotics via the parenteral route, while only 13% were prescribed in generic names. Cephalosporins were the most commonly used antibiotics (30.5%). Sensitivity testing was performed in only 24% of cases, revealing significant resistance to commonly prescribed drugs. The study highlights the urgent need for rational antibiotic prescribing, increased adherence to WHO guidelines, and routine microbiological investigations to curb antibiotic resistance and improve patient outcomes.
Bridging Educational Gaps: Unveiling Challenges and Nurturing Potential among Children in Jammu's Slum Areas
Authors: - Reeta Dwivedi , - Arpana Koul
Published: February 2025

Good Education for slum children is a ground-breaking initiative created by the Indian Women and Child Welfare Trust that aims to provide the underprivileged and marginalized, out-of-school and educationally backward children in urban slums with a safety net of education through a creative strategy. The initiative recognizes the nation's concern about improving learning outcomes and universalizing elementary education as being of the utmost importance. Quality education is a distant dream for thousands of children living in urban slums because of their extreme poverty. The mission of quality education for slum children is to realize this ideal and significantly improve the lives of the children. Five slum regions are located within Jammu city, which was the sole focus of the current study's population. Three slums were chosen to represent the population of children aged 5 to 15: Radhika colony, Kasim Nagar, and Chand Nagar (two of which were notified and one of which was not). A total of 150 children were included in the sample. The information was gathered with the assistance of local government units, slum leaders, and Anganwadi personnel (Supervisors and helpers). Details about each of these slums were acquired separately. The main findings of the survey included information on the educational status of school-going children of slums of Jammu region and the reasons for their low enrolment and dropout from schools.
Application of Data Science in Pump Maintenance
Authors: - Amit Saxena
Published: February 2025

Operational efficiency and reliability throughout various sectors depend heavily on industrial pump maintenance practices. Pumps operate as critical system components across manufacturing and oil and gas and water treatment industries because unexpected failures lead to disrupted processes alongside substantial financial losses and endanger personnel safety. Traditional maintenance approaches using both reactive and preventive methods encounter difficulties when managing the intricate operations of current industrial facilities. Traditional maintenance approaches regularly lead to equipment malfunctions at unpredictable times together with inefficient resource distribution and prolonged equipment downtime.
The research demonstrates how data science will transform pump maintenance systems when traditional practices gradually transition toward predictive and data-based methods. Data analysis of past failure types alongside operating variables and maintenance record information allows data science tools to recognize familiar failure indicators. Early anomaly detection and precise failure forecasting along with maintenance program optimization can be achieved through combinations of machine learning algorithms with statistical modeling and real-time analytics.
Continuous data acquisition through IoT sensors improves prediction accuracy because they allow enhanced data collection methods. Industry adoption of these technological solutions produces two main effects: it decreases equipment outages and boosts equipment lifespan while ensuring enhanced operational safety combined with significant cost reductions.
This paper gives readers an implementation blueprint for data-driven maintenance operations while tackling crucial issues that include data cleanliness requirements integration difficulties and employee developmental needs. The paper outlines future perspectives that include artificial intelligence in combination with advanced analytics for developing better-maintained systems spanning from smarter to more reliable approaches. The research targets multiple industries that need a complete guide to adopting data science for efficient sustainable pump maintenance practices.
A Critical Analysis On Challenges Faced On Patent Monetization In Special Reference With Indian Law
Authors: - Adithyan M S Potty
Published: February 2025

This research explores the vital role of Intellectual Property (IP) in today's globalized and innovative business environment, where it has transformed from a legal concept to a key corporate asset. By examining the evolution of IP from a protective mechanism to a driving force behind economic growth, this study highlights its significance in fostering innovation, creativity, and competitiveness. With a focus on patents as a valuable intangible asset, the research demonstrates how IP ownership enables individuals and organizations to capitalize on their inventions and creations. Through a detailed analysis of IP commercialization strategies, particularly patent monetization, this study reveals the strategic benefits and economic value that can be unlocked by effectively leveraging IP in the marketplace.
Gesture-Based Interaction for Enhanced Presentation Control
Authors: - Nayim A Dalawai , - Suresh R , - Prathamraj P B , - Shashank S Padasalagi , - Musaddiqua Rajannavar , - Dayananda B S , - Jyothi A P
Published: February 2025

In recent years, a natural interaction method has been the main area of study in the subject of Human Computer Interaction. It was observed that the computers have adopted real-time hand gesture based recognition techniques for numerous applications. A vision system is required for hand motion detection. The main method of interaction entails building a virtual Human Computer Interaction (HCI) device using a web camera. The hand gestures used in modern vision based HCI techniques are investigated in this paper. Using the developed HCI user can remotely operate the presentations.
Responsive Practices in Service Providers (AWWs) for Early Childhood Development (0-6 Years): A Study on Effective Caregiving
Authors: - Nivrutti Yeduba Bodkhe
Published: February 2025

This study explores the importance of responsive caregiving among Anganwadi Workers (AWWs) in early childhood development (ECD) for children aged 0-6 years. It evaluates the effectiveness of training programs, identifies gaps in knowledge and skills, and examines the impact of positive caregiving on children's cognitive, social, and emotional growth. Through a comparative analysis of pre-test and post-test assessments, the study highlights improvements in AWWs' understanding and implementation of responsive caregiving. The findings emphasize the need for continuous capacity-building efforts to enhance the quality of early childhood care in India. This paper provides an in-depth analysis of responsive caregiving in AWWs, integrating research findings with practical recommendations to enhance early childhood development services.
Comparison of progressive core stabalization vs general core exercises on core endurance in individuals with grade 1 obesity.
Authors: - Tanushree Aloni , - Snehal Ghodey
Published: February 2025

In obesity grade 1 females have a poor core endurance and this study is associated on comparing the effectiveness of 2 protocols progressive core stabalization and general core exercises, for a period of 6 weeks, using McGill core endurance test.
Supply Chain Analysis of the Blacksmithing Industry in San Nicolas, Ilocos Norte, Philippines
Authors: - Mediah Perle F. Layaoen , - Jeffrey T. De Vera , - Charito B. Julian , - Carmela G. Adriatico
Published: February 2025

This study conducted a supply chain analysis of the blacksmithing industry in San Nicolas, Ilocos Norte, Philippines, using a descriptive research design. The research aimed to evaluate supply chain management (SCM) practices, identify challenges, and propose strategies for the industry. The study employed supply chain mapping to visually represent the processes of sourcing and procurement, production, distribution, and marketing. San Nicolas, renowned for its blacksmithing heritage, served as the study area, with a focus on active blacksmiths in Brgy. 9, 10, and 11 who had operated for at least one year. Initially, the study identified 15 blacksmiths, but upon verification, it revealed that three had ceased operations; four additional blacksmiths, referred by peers, were included to ensure comprehensive insights. The study employed total enumeration sampling method to cover the entire population of active blacksmiths in the area. Structured surveys collected data, using mean scores to evaluate the level of supply chain practices and the severity of supply chain problems. Findings revealed that supply chain practices were moderately implemented, and supply chain problems were generally not at all a problem. A supply chain map for bolo (buneng) production was developed, and strategies such as cultural branding and marketing, product diversification, and enhanced market access in blacksmithing were proposed to strengthen the industry.
The Role of Consultants in Attracting Foreign Investment to European Startups
Authors: - Varun Rathi
Published: February 2025

The European startup ecosystem is growing rapidly, yet securing foreign investment remains challenging due to regulatory complexities, market fragmentation, and cultural differences. Business consultants play a pivotal role in bridging these gaps by offering regulatory guidance, market positioning strategies, and investor matchmaking services. They enhance investment readiness, de-risk financial transactions, and align startups with investor expectations. This paper explores how consultants facilitate foreign investment in European startups, analyzing their impact on market entry, risk mitigation, and sustainable growth, with insights into emerging trends such as ESG-driven investments and AI-powered market intelligence.
A Study on the Impact of Mobile Banking services among Gen Z: Saving Habits and Financial Decision making in Chennai City.
Authors: - Krishnaganth G
Published: February 2025

Abstract:
The rapid usage of financial services has significantly transformed individuals into banking services, particularly among the young generations like Gen-Z. This study investigates the impact of mobile banking services on saving habits and financial decision-making in the Gen-Z category in specific Chennai cities. Gen Z are the people who were born between 1997 and 2012. Those people's age category will be from 12-27 age. The age category people are growing in the world is dominated by technology and the internet. These age category people have a more accessible usage of smartphones, social media, and other digital platform aids from a young age. This study aims to understand the savings behaviour and expenditure pattern of the respondents. This survey was carried out by sending the Google form links; the response was collected from 112. The respondents were from different categories, starting from students, private employees, govt employees and self-employed persons too with minimum educational qualification of HSE (higher secondary education to PhD. The results and outcomes of the study of the study will be further discussed in the full paper, and the statistical tool used for this research is SPSS (statistical package for social sciences).
The Study of Magnetic Gear
Authors: - Sarthak Kumbhare , - Anish shinde , - Venkatesh Randive , - Samarth kate
Published: February 2025

This project explores the design, development, and analysis of magnetic gears as an innovative alternative to traditional mechanical gears. Magnetic gears utilize magnetic fields for torque transmission, offering advantages such as reduced wear, noise, and maintenance due to the absence of physical contact. The study focuses on optimizing gear performance through material selection,
magnet arrangement, and gear geometry. A TORSIONAL TEST was conducted to evaluate slipping torque, efficiency, and load capacity under various operating conditions. The findings demonstrate the feasibility of magnetic gears in applications requiring high precision, reliability, and durability.
This research contributes to advancing gear technology and highlights the potential for implementing magnetic gears in industries such as robotics, automotive, and renewable energy systems.
Analysis of Factors Influencing Lifestyle of Employees of Private Sector Banks on Virudhunagar District
Authors: - Dr. K. Raja
Published: February 2025

The employees of public sector banks have more possibility to manage their lifestyle rather than the private sector banks because the public sector banks having the job guarantee, low stress and having many benefits like pension plans etc., But in the private sector banks, the employees’ do not have job guarantee, experience more stress, tensions, pressures, lack of organisational support and career development. the employees are unable to manage their roles because of the lack of organisational support, flexible timings, job satisfaction, stress at work and increasing number of targets to achieved. If any employee can balance their work -life and personal life, it is only through organisational supports as well as family support. Without their support they cannot balance their different roles which are played by them. Taking this into consideration, the current study attempts to find out the various elements of external and internal factors that lead to the satisfaction and balancing roles of the employees in the private sector banks.
Enhancing Sustainable Development Through Flexible Learning Modalities in Higher Education Institutions: A Future-Ready Perspective
Authors: - Dolores C. Christensen
Published: February 2025

Flexible learning is a learner-centered approach that empowers students to choose when, where, and how they learn. It has gained prominence due to disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, heat waves, wildfires, and other natural disasters. In private higher education institutions, flexible learning modalities offer several advantages. These approaches adapt to diverse student needs, accommodating varying schedules, work commitments, and personal circumstances. Students can access course materials online, engage in asynchronous discussions, and participate in virtual classrooms. This flexibility fosters a more inclusive learning environment, allowing students to balance academic pursuits with other responsibilities. Moreover, it prepares them for the dynamic workforce, where adaptability and lifelong learning are essential. As private schools strive to provide quality education, embracing flexible modalities ensures students receive personalized, accessible, and future-ready learning experiences.
Flexible learning modalities empower students to learn at their own pace, collaborate virtually, and access resources conveniently. Whether through blended learning, online courses, or hybrid models, these approaches enhance educational outcomes and promote lifelong learning
CYBERSPACE
Authors: - TAPAS KUMAR CHATTOPADHYAY
Published: February 2025

The rapid expansion of cyberspace has significantly impacted mental and physical health, as well as financial security. Prolonged exposure to digital platforms can lead to mental health challenges such as anxiety, depression, and cyber addiction, while also contributing to physical issues like eye strain, poor posture, and disrupted sleep patterns. Additionally, financial security in cyberspace is a growing concern due to the increasing risks of cyber fraud, identity theft, and phishing attacks. Ensuring well-being in the digital age requires adopting healthy online habits, promoting cyber hygiene, and strengthening financial literacy to safeguard personal and professional assets. This paper explores the intersection of mental and physical health with financial security in cyberspace, emphasizing the need for awareness, regulatory measures, and technological solutions to create a safer and healthier digital environment.
Rice and Wheat: The Engine of India’s Agricultural Growth and Development towards achieving SDGs of Zero Hunger and Viksit Bharat
Authors: - A. KANNAN , - T. JEYANTHI
Published: February 2025

India's rice and wheat, the most widely consumed cereals globally, account for around 20% of the country's agricultural GDP, ensuring national food security and economic stability. India, the world's second-largest producer of food grain, primarily rice and wheat, is a major exporter of these products, contributing significantly to its foreign exchange and trade balance. The study analyzes food grain, rice, and wheat production trends in India over the past seven decades using agricultural census data, focusing on area, production, and yield. The analysis utilized statistical tools such as Annual Growth Rate (AGR), decadal mean, and correlation for analytical purposes. India has experienced significant growth in food grain production, particularly rice and wheat, over the past seven decades, but the growth rates have been uneven. The Green Revolution, initiated in the late 1960s, significantly increased production by 8.96% growth rate in food grain during 1969-70 over 1970-71. The food grain production experienced the highest growth of 18.13% during 1979-80 over 1980-81, largely due to favorable monsoon conditions and increased adoption of high-yielding varieties. India experienced negative growth of -6.19% during 1999-2000 over 2000-01, indicating challenges such as droughts, input cost fluctuations, and policy constraints in food grain production. Rice production experienced significant growth of 4.43% and 26.70%, especially during the Green Revolution era of 1969–70 over 1970–71 and 1979–80 over 1980–81. The increase in crop yield can be attributed to the introduction of high-yielding varieties, expansion of irrigation systems, and increased fertilizer usage. The negative growth periods of 1999-2000 over 2000-01, with a growth rate of -5.24%, indicate vulnerability to climatic and economic shocks in rice production. Wheat production experienced 18.62% growth during post-Green Revolution, driven by high-yielding varieties, mechanization, and irrigated areas expansion, particularly in 1969-70 over 1970-71. Negative growth phases of wheat (-8.76%, such as 1999-2000 over 2000-01, indicate vulnerabilities to market fluctuations and climatic variations. The study provides valuable insights for policymakers to improve weather forecasting, promote insurance schemes, and encourage farmers to adopt climate-resilient crops through climate adaptation strategies. The study results emphasizes the significance of aligning minimum support prices with cost fluctuations and promoting diversification to achieve sustainable development goals like Zero Hunger and Viksit Bharat.
"Comprehensive Performance Evaluation of M30 Grade Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) and Normal Conventional Concrete (NCC) Reinforced with Steel Fibers and Ternary Supplementary Cementitious Materials
Authors: - Khaja Begum , - Md Abdullah Shariff
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the performance of M30-grade Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) and Normal Conventional Concrete (NCC) incorporating steel fibers and ternary blends of Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs), specifically Fly Ash (FA), Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS), and Silica Fume (SF). The research focuses on evaluating the influence of these materials on the fresh and hardened properties of both SCC and NCC.
A total of 20 mix combinations were designed with varying percentages of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), ternary SCMs (10% FA, 15% GGBS, 5% SF), steel fibers (0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%), superplasticizer (SP), and viscosity-modifying agent (VMA). The performance of these mixes was assessed in terms of workability, compressive strength, flexural strength, and durability. Results indicate that the incorporation of SCMs and steel fibers enhances the mechanical properties of both SCC and NCC, with SCC demonstrating superior strength and workability compared to NCC.
This research provides valuable insights into the benefits of using SCMs and steel fibers in concrete, offering potential for sustainable and high-performance applications in the construction industry.
A Comprehensive Theoretical and Empirical Framework for Fine-Tuning the CoRover's BharatGPT Transformer for Indic Languages
Authors: - Ankush Sabharwal , - Vikas Tripathi , - Onkar Nath
Published: February 2025

The widespread adoption of transformer-based models in natural language processing (NLP) has led to significant breakthroughs in numerous languages. However, models like BharatGPT (from CoRover.a) - though robust for high-resource languages - require specialized adaptation to effectively handle the rich morphological and syntactic diversity of Indic languages. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive framework for fine-tuning the BharatGPT transformer to support Indic languages. Our approach integrates tailored data preprocessing, script-specific embedding enhancements, and rigorous convergence analysis. We derive key theoretical properties of the fine-tuning algorithm, including a convergence theorem under Lipschitz continuity and bounded gradient variance assumptions, and we validate our approach with empirical evaluations using standard metrics such as perplexity, BLEU, and F1 score. The results demonstrate significant improvements across several Indic languages, thereby underscoring the effectiveness of our methodology.
Why AI Transparency Fails: Real-World Lessons from Tech Leaders
Authors: - Sudheer Peddineni
Published: February 2025

AI systems have become increasingly complex, creating major challenges in keeping them transparent and accountable. Deep learning models pose unique technical barriers that make traditional explainability methods fall short. Many organizations don't deal very well with implementing transparency measures because of limited resources and resistance to change.
This paper breaks down the core reasons behind AI transparency failures by looking at real-life examples from leading tech companies. Complex model designs and data privacy needs often clash with transparency goals. On top of that, it explores organizational hurdles like misaligned leadership and resource problems that block transparency initiatives.
Our findings show that current transparency frameworks don't work well enough because of technical limits in explaining models and practical constraints that development teams face. This creates a growing divide between what stakeholders expect and what's actually possible. The paper looks at specific cases to identify common patterns in transparency failures and how they affect stakeholder trust.
We wrap up by sharing the most important lessons learned and suggest practical ways to tackle both technical and organizational barriers to AI transparency. This research gives tech leaders and practitioners practical insights to build AI systems that are more transparent and accountable.
A Comparative Study of Intrathecal Clonidine and Intrathecal Buprenorphine as Adjuvant to 0.5% Bupivacaine for Spinal Anaesthesia in Infraumbilical Surgeries
Authors: - Anamika Pandey , - Kashish Ahuja , - Charuneema
Published: February 2025

The most widely used local anesthetic for spinal anesthesia are hyperbaric bupivacaine and tetracaine. The most important determinants of level of block are baricity of local anesthetic, position of patient during and immediately after injection and drug dosage. However the duration of anesthetic action of bupivaine is short so adjuvant is required to prolong the effect.Neuroaxially administered opioids and α2 agonists exihibit synergism. They prolong the regression of sensory block, prolong the time to first request of an analgesic and prolong the duration of complete motor block.Total 60 patients were divided by simple randomization technique using computer generated random number list into two groups of 30 each. Patients in group C received 3ml of 0.5% hyperbaric Bupivacaine + 45 µg of clonidine in 0.2 ml normal saline, total volume is 3.5 ml. Patients in group B received 3ml of 0.5% hyperbaric Bupivacaine + 90 µgm of buprenorphine in 0.2 ml normal saline, total volume is 3.5 ml.Intrathecal buprenorphine 90 µg gives adequate analgesia as the mean time required for first rescue analgesia in Group B was 5.87 ± 1.14 min, which is significantly longer than that of intrathecal clonidine 45 µg, i.e., 4.47 ± 0.86 minutes.. Quality of analgesia was acceptable to patients. Administration of buprenorphine and clonidine intrathecally does potentiate the duration of analgesia, sensory and motor block. The study suggests that combination of two or more drugs from different group (e.g., opioid and α2 agonist) can give better analgesia and less chance of side effects.
Problematika Penggunaan Artificial Intelligence pada Mahasiswa Universitas PGRI Jombang
Authors: Masruchan  , Nurmilah Rifa
Published: February 2025

This article discusses the challenges of using artificial intelligence among students at Universitas PGRI Jombang. In this context, this study examines the use of artificial intelligence, the risk of dependency, and its impact on the development of personal property rights, especially critical and contextual analysis. All of this shows that the use of artificial intelligence among students at Universitas PGRI Jombang faces many problems, including plagiarism, decreased student criticism, and decreased student performance. This study uses observation interview methods and studies among students at Universitas PGRI Jombang. This article provides an overview of the challenges of integrating AI into education and highlights the need for effective research methods to provide maximum benefits without damaging the development of students' intellectual and skill skills.
Effect of Different Drying Methods on Physicochemical and Microbiological and Properties of Dried Shrimp (Parapenaeopsis spp.) Powder
Authors: Auni Nasuha Mohd Azmi  , Ramli Nor Aisyah , Abdullah Zawawi Nur Farhanis , Yusoff Nur Nadhila Elisa , Tang Yew Huat John , Abd Ghani Asmaliza
Published: February 2025

The shrimp species of the penaeid family, ecological and commercial importance in the regions as a food source. These aquatic products can be treated by salting to reduce water activity and produce a commercial product with a good shelf life. This study aims to analyse the effects of four drying methods, including sun drying (SD) at 45–50 °C, hot air drying (HAD), and vacuum drying (VD), and oven drying (OD) at 50 °C, on the quality of shrimp (Parapenaeopsis spp.) powder. The nutritional content was determined using the AOAC methods for dried shrimp powder. The microbial growth in dried shrimp powder was determined by total plate count (TPC) method. The HAD resulted in low moisture content about 6.11±2.20 and high protein content about 46.59±3.76 for dried prawn powder. The lightness index for dried shrimp decreased due to the Maillard reaction. The sample using HAD showed the highest value of lightness, which is 62.68±2.79. The water activity of dried shrimp powder prepared by VD and HAD resulted in the highest and lowest values, 0.93±0.01 and 0.43±0.01, respectively. The colony count for HAD has the lowest value of colony count, 2.90 ±0.84 Log CFU/ml while highest colony count recorded in VD, 6.28±0.09 Log CFU/ml. HAD shown the best quality of dried shrimp compared to other drying methods.
Exploring Farmers' Knowledge and Awareness in Employing Beneficial Plants for Paddy Pest Management in Besut, Terengganu
Authors: Teguh Fatma , Mohamed Salmah , Hamdan Muniruddin Hambali , Mohd Suhaimi Nurul Aisyah
Published: February 2025

The presence of beneficial insects such as parasitoids and predators in paddy fields is very important as such insects help in pest population management and reduce pesticide use. To ensure beneficial insects are sustained in the field, their food source and shelter must always be sufficient, therefore, ecological engineering techniques can be applied. This idea encompasses plant management through habitat manipulation, which helps support biological pest control operations by encouraging the growth of beneficial plants in the fields that serve as a source of food and shelter for beneficial insects. However, the knowledge and awareness of local farmers, especially in Besut, Terengganu used this biological control technique in managing paddy pests are still unknown. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to determine the level of knowledge and awareness of paddy farmers on the use of beneficial plants in controlling paddy pests among paddy farmers in Besut, Terengganu. This quantitative research design study used a questionnaire by face to face with 56 paddy farmers as the main respondents. Based on the survey, the paddy cultivation in Besut was dominated by middle-aged male farmers which 76.8% of them have secondary education with more than 20 years of paddy cultivation experience. Results showed that most of the farmers have a moderate level of knowledge (67.9%) and awareness (73.4%) about the use of beneficial plants in controlling paddy pests. Therefore, it is necessary to hold a continuous awareness program by local authorities about the importance of using beneficial plants in paddy fields in the future.
Growth Simulation and Risk Assessment of Listeria monocytogenes in Chicken Liver at Refrigeration Condition
Authors: Tang John Yew Huat , Wai Ga Yarn , Mustofa Helmi Effendi  , Obadina Adewale Olusegun
Published: February 2025

Listeria monocytogenes is an important emerging foodborne pathogen with infections causing high mortality rates (20-30%). It can cause sporadic but serious cases of listeriosis especially among pregnant women and the elderly. Emergence of multiple antibiotic resistant strains further complicate treatment of listeriosis cases. The goals of present study include to assess the risk of listeriosis among general population, pregnant women, elderly and immunocompromised from contaminated chicken liver consumption in Malaysia. L. monocytogenes growth data at temperature 4oC were used to determine the probability of listeriosis from chicken liver consumption using exponential model. The data obtained was used to calculate probability of infection among vulnerable groups (pregnant women, elderly and immunocompromised). Monte Carlo simulation with 10 000 iteration was used to determine the distribution of expected cases and rate of infection. Monte Carlo simulation showed L. monocytogenes in chicken liver at refrigerated increased by 20.50 fold. Immunocompromised patient was estimated to show the highest risk of listeriosis followed by pregnant women, elderly and general population. This study concluded that L. monocytogenes presence in chicken liver and inadequate safe food practices that cause cross contamination pose significant risk of listeriosis among the consumers.
DAMPAK DIGITALISASI TERHADAP HUKUM KONTRAK: ANALISIS TERHADAP PERJANJIAN SMART CONTRACT
Authors: Sylvia Purborini Vivi , Bagus Suryanatha Ida
Published: February 2025

Digitalization has significantly changed the way contracts are executed, especially with the emergence of smart contracts. The positive impact of digitalization on contract law cannot be denied, however, there are also challenges and controversies that need to be addressed wisely. Qualitative research methods will be the main approach in exploring the impact of digitalization on contract law in smart contract analysis. By utilizing observations and document analysis, this research will explore an in-depth understanding of the implementation of smart contracts in the context of contract law. The practical implication is the need to update contract law regulations that accommodate technological developments, while the theoretical implication is the need for an in-depth understanding of the characteristics of smart contracts and their impact on traditional contract. the need to update contract law regulations to accommodate technological developments, especially in the use of smart contracts. Meanwhile, the theoretical implication is the importance of a deep understanding of the characteristics of smart contracts and their impact on traditional contracts in order to minimize potential legal conflicts.
Keywords: Digitalization, Contract Law, Agreements, Smart Contracts
Investigasi Dampak Aktivitas Terhadap Profitabilitas: Peran Likuiditas dan Solvabilitas
Authors: Wahyuni Indah Tri , Sumail La Ode , Yusuf Marwah
Published: February 2025

This study examines the effect of TATO on ROA mediated by CR and DER in Indonesian telecommunications companies. 7 Telecommunication companies that are considered (purposive sampling) as samples as well as having valid financial statement information for the period 2012-2021 with a total of 70 observations. Panel data regression is an instrument to obtain valid information. The results showed that TATO can encourage company ROA, TATO can also encourage CR. However, TATO cannot contribute to boosting DER. Furthermore, CR can drive ROA and DER can also drive ROA. Also, a good TATO can encourage CR and have an impact on increasing ROA. Interestingly, TATO can not contribute to DER but DER can drive ROA.
The Influence of Brand Ambassadors and Brand Image on Interest in Purchasing Scarlett Whitening Products
Authors: Tarigan Arihta , Sesilia Sesilia , Kurniadi Rio Aditya , Gabriella Natasia
Published: February 2025

This research aims to see and examine further the influence of Brand Ambassador Song Joong-Ki and Brand Image in the context of interest in purchasing Scarlett Whitening products. According to data from the Indonesian Food and Drug Supervisory Agency (BPOM), there was an increase in the number of beauty industries by 20.6% from 2021 to July 2022. This increase was driven by Small and Medium Enterprises (UKM). This research method was carried out quantitatively, with primary data taken through distributing questionnaires to Instagram and customers of Scarlett Whitening products. The variables in this research are brand ambassador, brand image, and purchase intention. Descriptive research methods were used for data collection. This research shows that Brand Ambassador and Brand Image have a positive and significant influence on Purchase Interest in Scarlett Whitening Products. So based on the results of this research, to increase purchasing interest, SCARLETT WHITENING can use brand ambassadors to attract sales interest and also of course increase the brand image of the brand.
Enhancing Green Accounting Literacy Through The Development of Professional Pdf-Assisted e-Books
Authors: Yana Enceng , Febianti Yopi Nisa , Wiraning Fury Nurul Senja
Published: February 2025

This research aims to determine the process and results of developing e-books assisted by PliF PDF Professional on green accounting material. This research was conducted at the Economic Education Study Program at Swadaya Gunung Jati University, Cirebon, involving material experts, media experts and language experts. Apart from that, trials were carried out on students through response questionnaires. This research development model uses the ADDIE model. Modified according to researchers' needs to 1) Analysis, 2) Design, 3) Development. The data collection technique is in the form of notes consisting of observations and interviews. The data collection instrument is a questionnaire in the form of a validation sheet. Results indicated that the e-book received positive validation across display, material, communication, and visual aspects. Student trials also yielded favorable responses regarding the appearance, material, communication, and visuals of the e-book. Posttest results demonstrated an increase in student learning scores after utilizing the e-book. In N-Gain Score trials, the average N-Gain score rose to 73% post-treatment, indicating a positive contribution to enhancing understanding of green accounting material among economic education students.
Optimizing Purchasing Decisions Through Digital Marketing and Online Reviews: Consumer Trust as a Key Mediator
Authors: Supriadi Yudi Nur , Pramudito Fadlan
Published: February 2025

This research aims to explore how Digital Marketing and Online Consumer Reviews influence Purchasing Decisions, with Consumer Trust acting as a mediator in the online smartphone market in Indonesia. By surveying 326 respondents from the Jabodebatek area and applying the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach, the study finds that Digital Marketing significantly affects Consumer Trust, while Online Consumer Reviews show no notable impact on Consumer Trust. However, both variables positively influence Purchasing Decisions. Additionally, the study highlights that Consumer Trust mediates the relationship between Digital Marketing and Purchasing Decisions, as well as the link between Online Consumer Reviews and Purchasing Decisions. These insights provide valuable guidance for businesses in shaping more effective marketing strategies, improving customer relationships, and boosting overall business performance in Indonesiaâ€™s online smartphone market. Ultimately, this research emphasizes the importance of understanding how digital marketing and online consumer reviews affect purchasing decisions is essential, with consumer trust as the main mediator. Companies should focus on effective digital marketing, brand reputation, and building consumer trust for a successful strategy. Monitoring reviews regularly is essential to improve customer satisfaction and achieve long-term profitability.