bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of caffeine, catechins and gallic acid in black tea of different geographical origin
Authors: Gushchaeva K. S. , Tsyupko T. G. , Voronova O. B. , Malyukova L. S.
Published: September 2021

We present the results of studying and selectiing optimal conditions for the determination of caffeine, catechins and gallic acid in black tea by the method of micellar electrokinetic chromatography. The choice of analytes is determined by the fact that they form the main consumer qualities of tea and, due to their antioxidant properties, have a positive effect on human health. Optimization of the electrophoretic detemination of seven catechins, caffeine and gallic acid in black tea was carried out using the method of ex­ periment design. Optimized conditions — 25 mM phosphate buffer solution with pH 7.4, containing 30 mM SDS and 5% ethyl alcohol — provided a satisfactory resolution of all electrophoretogram peaks, the analysis time was 25 minutes, and the current in the system did not exceed 120 pA. After the assessment of the metrological characteristics of the proposed method the standard deviation of the determina­tion of analytes did not exceed  15%. The  samples of black tea from Ceylon, Chinese, Assamese, Indian, Kenyan and Krasnodar regions of growth were analyzed, and an array of data on the contents of the analytes under study was formed. Discriminant analysis was used to develop a model and obtain classifica­tion functions for six tea groups from different regions of the world. Proceeding from the obtained classifi­cation functions, a scatter diagram of canonical values was constructed, which showed that the samples of Krasnodar and Chinese tea were localized from all the studied groups. Indian, Assamese and Ceylon teas formed a single area with close to the Chinese tea group. The correctness of the model was checked and revealed the total predictive force about 92%.  It is shown that the content of catechins, gallic acid and caf­feine are suitable markers for the classification of black tea samples from different regions of origin.
Spotlight influenza: Extending influenza surveillance to detect non-influenza respiratory viruses of public health relevance: analysis of surveillance data, Belgium, 2015 to 2019
Authors: Subissi Lorenzo , Bossuyt Nathalie , Reynders Marijke , Gérard Michèle , Dauby Nicolas , Lacor Patrick , Daelemans Siel , Lissoir Bénédicte , Holemans Xavier , Magerman Koen , Jouck Door , Bourgeois Marc , Delaere Bénédicte , Quoilin Sophie , Van Gucht Steven , Thomas Isabelle , Barbezange Cyril
Published: September 2021

Background

Seasonal influenza-like illness (ILI) affects millions of people yearly. Severe acute respiratory infections (SARI), mainly influenza, are a leading cause of hospitalisation and mortality. Increasing evidence indicates that non-influenza respiratory viruses (NIRV) also contribute to the burden of SARI. In Belgium, SARI surveillance by a network of sentinel hospitals has been ongoing since 2011.

Aim

We report the results of using in-house multiplex qPCR for the detection of a flexible panel of viruses in respiratory ILI and SARI samples and the estimated incidence rates of SARI associated with each virus.

Methods

We defined ILI as an illness with onset of fever and cough or dyspnoea. SARI was defined as an illness requiring hospitalisation with onset of fever and cough or dyspnoea within the previous 10 days. Samples were collected in four winter seasons and tested by multiplex qPCR for influenza virus and NIRV. Using catchment population estimates, we calculated incidence rates of SARI associated with each virus.

Results

One third of the SARI cases were positive for NIRV, reaching 49.4% among children younger than 15 years. In children younger than 5 years, incidence rates of NIRV-associated SARI were twice that of influenza (103.5 vs 57.6/100,000 person-months); co-infections with several NIRV, respiratory syncytial viruses, human metapneumoviruses and picornaviruses contributed most (33.1, 13.6, 15.8 and 18.2/100,000 person-months, respectively).

Conclusion

Early testing for NIRV could be beneficial to clinical management of SARI patients, especially in children younger than 5 years, for whom the burden of NIRV-associated disease exceeds that of influenza.
Pulmonary complications due to COVID-19 – a literature review
Authors: Romaszko-Wojtowicz Anna Maria , Doboszyńska Anna
Published: September 2021

Introduction: irst cases of a disease called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by a novel virus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) of the coronavirus family, were detected in December 2019. The disease is manifested by a variety of symptoms and can run a different course: from oligosymptomatic or asymptomatic to the development of acute respiratory failure and even death. Aim: The aim of this paper is to provide critical analysis of the potential pulmonary complications after COVID-19 infection. Material and methods: We have provided the systematic literature review based on which we have discussed the pathophysiology of COVID-19, its outcomes, risk factors and pulmonary complications. Results and discussion: The organs that are most often affected by a SARS-CoV-2 infection are the lungs. An infection with this virus can lead to a severe respiratory tract illness, both in the acute phase and as a complication after a relatively mild case. There are numerous observations of patients convalescing from COVID-19 who suffer from the interstitial pulmonary disease with fibrosis. There are also reported cases of spontaneous pneumothorax after COVID-19. Conclusions: It should be borne in mind that other late complications may appear with time.
SPIRITUAL HAPPINESS IN MALWA MINIATURE PAINTINGS STYLE
Authors: Kumari Kanchan
Published: September 2021

All the arts are result of human nature & Beauty. one of the ancient primitive arts and the cultured art and on the other hand, the development of folk art takes place. Folk art often consists of religious narratives, religious traditions, religious symbols and apart from fictional mythological events, social festivals and social beliefs are based on the background.  Art is incomplete without each other in terms of folk art and classical art. These two forces are complementary to each other. This most of the paintings of our Indian miniature painting style are based on poems and literature. The miniature paintings of Malwa are for spiritual enjoyment, it is a reflection of its civilization and culture, in which the people there are not able to see the spirit of life.  important various elements of Malwa miniature painting style of folk art for many subjects (literature) such as Kalpasutra, Ramayana, Mahabharata, Devi Mahatmaya, Bustan of Saadi are based on. that are spiritual and historical respectively. Pictures based on poems are made on enchantment/affairs (Radha Krishna) and Nayika Bhed respectively. In The subjects of the pictures are like- Rasik Priya, Barhamasa, Ragamala, Rasaveli. In which we get the elements of art, human figures, nature Illustrations are visible through colour, line, form, tone, texture, space in architectural marking. Bhakti and yoga in Indian Art along with this, special emphasis was placed on the expression of emotion, due to which the art of Malwa remained intact. Folk art traditions contained in Malwa Miniatures are still prevalent in villages and cities and in many museums. It is safe and people have unwavering faith in these folk traditions.
ANALISIS STRATEGI PENGHIDUPAN DAN KESEJAHTERAAN EKONOMI RUMAHTANGGA NELAYAN DI KAWASAN PESISIR KECAMATAN LEMBAR KABUPATEN LOMBOK BARAT
Authors: Yusuf Muhammad , Husni Syarif , Abubakar Abubakar
Published: September 2021

Penelitian bertujuan untuk:  (1) Mengidentifikasi potensi asset rumahtangga dan strategi penghidupan (livelihood strategy) sesuai dengan asset yang dimiliki yang dilakukan oleh rumahtangga nelayan  di kawasan pesisir Kecamatan Lembar, Kabupaten Lombok Barat; (2) Menganalisis tingkat pendapatan dan kesejahteraan (livelihood outcome) rumahtangga dari dampak strategi penghidupan yang dilakukan; dan (3) Memformulasi strategi penghidupan ke depan dan model intervensi menurut preferensi rumahtangga serta potensi sumberdaya di kawasan pesisir Kecamatan Lembar Kabupaten Lombok Barat. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dan pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik survei. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Asset penghidupan masyarakat nelayan di kawasan pesisir Kecamatan Lembar Kabupaten Lombok Barat meningkat sehingga potensi pengembangan ekonomi mereka ke depan cenerung meningkat pula; (2) Strategi penghidupan utama dari rumahtangga nelayan di kawasan pesisir Kecamatan Lembar adalah melakukan diversifikasi usaha sebagai suatu mekanisme untuk masalah kehidupan mereka dalam rangka mempertahankan dan/atau meningkatkan kesejahteraan mereka; (3) Rata-rata total pendapatan rumahtngga masyarakat nelayan di kawasan pesisir Kecamatan Lembar mencapai Rp 20.572.570,- yang berasal dari  berbagai bersumber pendapatan dengan pendapatan per kapitas sebesar Rp 5.143.143,-. Strategi penghidupan melalui diversifikasi usaha mampu meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat nelayan di kawasan pesisir Kecamatan Lembar. Kontribusi pendapatan  dari sumber penghasilan baru  seperti: sumberdaya perikanan, peternakan, perkebunan, pertanian tanaman pangan, yang menjadi daya dukung utama dari masyarakat nelayan di kawasan pesisir ini mencapai 38 % dari total penghasilan rumahtnggga; (4) Berdasarkan kriteria BPS, masyarakat nelayan di kawasan pesisir  Kecamatan Lembar tersebut termasuk kategori tidak miskin;  kriteria Bank Dunia pendapatan per kapita masyarakat nelayan di kawasan ini  tergolong miskin. Sementara itu berdasarkan kriteria Sayogyo menghasilkan kategori yang tenagh-tengah yaitu hamprr miskin; dan (5) Prioritasan program dan bentuk bantuan ke dapan adalah bantuan tunai, tersediaaanya sumber pembiayaan murah, bantuan teknis  menyangkut pengetahuan dan ketrampilan, bantuan bahan peralatan untuk memulai usaha, dan membantu program manajemen usaha dan mengembangkan jaringan pemasaran produk.
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN DAN STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN TAHU DI KELURAHAN ABIAN TUBUH KECAMATAN SANDUBAYA KOTA MATARAM
Authors: Nurlaila Nurlaila , Anwar Anwar , Dipokusumo Bambang
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya biaya, penerimaan dan pendapatan agroindustri tahu, mengetahui faktor internal dan eksternal yang dapat mempengaruhi pengembangan agroindustri tahu di Kelurahan Abian Tubuh, mengetahui alternatif strategi yang dapat diterapkan dalam mengembangkan agroindustri tahu di Kelurahan Abian Tubuh, dan mengetahui perioritas strategi yang dapat diterapkan dalam mengembangkan agroindustri tahu di Kelurahan Abian Tubuh. Metode dasar yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dan dilaksanakan dengan teknik survei. Metode penentuan lokasi penelitian dilakukan secara purposive (sengaja), yaitu Kelurahan Abian Tubuh karena di kelurahan tersebut terdapat jumlah industri tahu yang paling banyak. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah (1) analisis usaha untuk mengetahui besarnya biaya, penerimaan dan pendapatan usaha, (2) analisis SWOT untuk mengidentifikasi faktor internal dan eksternal yang menjadi kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang dan ancaman dalam pengembangan usaha, (3) matriks SWOT untuk merumuskan alternatif strategi pengembangan usaha. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa : Kekuatan utama dalam mengembangkan industri tahu yaitu jumlah modal yang dikelola, SDM pembuat tahu sudah berpengalaman lebih dari 10 tahun. Sedangkan kelemahan utamanya yaitu kurangnya subsidi kedelai dan belum ada standarisasi produk tahu. Peluang dalam mengembangkan industri tahu yaitu kualitas bahan baku dan kepercayaan konsumen. Sedangkan ancamannya yaitu kenaikan harga sembako dan kurangnya pasokan kayu sebagai bahan bakar akibat musim hujan.
A HPLC-UV Method for the Quantification of Regorafenib in Tumor
Authors: Yao Li  , Meng-Ning Wei  , Wen-Ji Zhang  , Zhi Shi
Published: September 2021

Regorafenib has been approved for the treatment of colorectal cancer, gastrointestinal stromal tumor and hepatocellular carcinoma. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was developed and validated for determination of regorafenib in xenograft tumors. After protein precipitation with acetonitrile, regorafenib were separated using gradient elution (C18 Ultrabase column). Quantification was performed at 262 nm. Calibration curves were linear over the range 48.8-50000 ng/ml. The assay was applied to the determination of the drug in the tumor of nude mice receiving regorafenib 50 mg orally, and could be useful for therapeutic drug monitoring of regorafenib in routine clinical practice.
Liquid Biopsy: A New, Non-Invasive Early Diagnostic and Prognostic Tool in Oncology
Authors: Ciro Comparetto  , Franco Borruto
Published: September 2021

Cancer is essentially a genetic disease. Neoplastic progression consists of a subsequent series of genetic alterations that cumulate. In the bloodstream of an affected subject, circulating tumor cells (CTC) and/or small deoxy-ribonucleic acid (DNA) fragments, known as    circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), can be found as a consequence of cancer cells death. Cell-free circulating DNA (cfDNA) consists of small fragments of DNA that are found free in plasma or serum, but also in other body fluids. The term liquid biopsy (LB) describes a highly sensitive method (based on a simple sampling of peripheral blood) for the isolation and analysis of cfDNA, which can also contain ctDNA and CTC. Its purpose is to look for cancer cells or portions of their DNA that are circulating in the blood. LB can be used to help find cancer in an early stage. It also has the additional advantage of being largely non-invasive and, therefore, being done more frequently, allowing better tumor and genetic mutations tracking. It can also be used to validate the efficacy of a drug for cancer treatment by taking multiple samples of LB within a few weeks. This technology can also be beneficial for patients after treatment to control relapse. The aim of this work is to give an overview of this technique, from its history, state-of-the-art, and methodology of execution, to its applications in oncology and with a hint to the gynecological field.
The Influence of Tumor Microenvironment on Tumor Progression; and Anticancer Therapies
Authors: Dwight L. McKee  , Mamoona S. Lodhi  , Najia Mansoor
Published: September 2021

All tumors are surrounded by complex environmental components including blood and lymph vessels; cellular components like fibroblasts, endothelial cells, immune cells; and non-cellular stromal cytokines, extracellular vesicles, and extracellular matrix. All of these along with the tumor cells constitute the tumor microenvironment (TME). Also the physical and chemical factors within this tumor microenvironment including extracellular pH, hypoxia, elevated interstitial fluid pressure, and fibrosis closely associate with the tumor progression at local site, its metastasis to remote areas of the body, immunosuppression, and drug resistance exhibited by the tumor. These cellular and extracellular components of TME primarily contribute to the process of carcinogenesis. This review focuses on multiple factors that alter the microenvironment to make it favorable for tumor growth at primary site and its metastasis to secondary sites. Also some of the natural products that may help to treat the tumor conditions via alteration of this microenvironment are mentioned which may provide new venues for development of newer drugs halting the progression of the tumors.
Surgical Treatment of Left Ventricular Aneurysm Combined with Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation Using a Modified Technique
Authors: Rudenko Sergiy A. , Rudenko Anatoliy V. , Sokur Sergey A. , Zhyliak Oleh V. , Klimenko Larysa A.
Published: September 2021

Background. Ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR) is the second most common cause of mitral regurgitation (MR). IMR occurs in patients with myocardial infarction due to a rupture of the subvalvular apparatus. Pathological remodel-ing, dilatation and dysfunction of the left ventricle (LV) play a significant role in the development of IMR. The presence of a postinfarction LV aneurysm can lead to the development of MR due to dysfunction, relative and true shortening of the papillary muscles. There are various methods of surgical correction of IMR. The aim. To show the effectiveness of surgical treatment of left ventricular aneurysm combined with ischemic mitral regurgitation using a modified technique. Materials and methods. From January 2011 to December 2019, 20 patients with IMR combined with LV aneurysm underwent surgical intervention using a modified technique at the National Amosov Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery of the NAMS of Ukraine. According to this technique, access to the mitral valve was performed through the left ventricle. The mean age of the patients was 61.2 ± 10.1 years. Among patients with IMR, the majority were men (60.0%). The overwhelming majority of patients (80.0%) had the history of hypertension. Diabetes mellitus was detected in 35.0% of patients. Mitral ring dilatation was observed in 25.0% (5) of the cases, papillary muscle displacement in 40.0% (8), chords rupture in 15.0% (3), papillary muscle infarction in 20.0% (4) of the cases. All the patients had reduced LV ejection fraction with a mean value of 34.5 ± 7.8%. Results. Aortic cross-clamp time through ventricular access was 112.9 ± 18.7 minutes. The duration of mechanical ventilation was 19.1 ± 20.6 hours. The length of stay of patients in the ICU was 99.2 ± 43.5 hours. There were no signs of acute heart failure in the early postoperative period in one in five patients (20.0%). The rate of degree III heart failure after intervention using the modified technique was 20.0% (4). The study of the incidence of cardiac arrhythmias after combined intervention showed that 85.0% (17) of patients operated using the modified technique had no cardiac arrhythmias. Conclusions. In patients who underwent surgery using the modified technique, the mortality rate was 5.0%. This is 1.6-2.8 times less than that in patients undergoing conventional operation. Postoperative occurrence of arrhythmias is much less common than that described in the literature.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Potensi Promosi Calon Mahasiswa Baru Studi Kasus Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika
Authors: Indriaturrahmi Indriaturrahmi , Fitriani Farida
Published: September 2021

Panitia Penerimaan Mahasiswa Baru (PMB) seringkali mengalami kesulitan pada saat menentukan potensi promosi berupa jenis promosi dengan daerah promosi yang cocok untuk diterapkan dikarenakan banyaknya daerah dan jenis promosi yang akan digunakan. Karena belum tersedianya sistem pendukung keputusan sehingga penentuan jenis promosi selama ini menggunakan asumsi panitia yang bersifat intuitif dan subjektif. Sehingga tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah merancang dan membangun sebuah sistem pendukung keputusan untuk menghasilkan saran dalam menentukan jenis promosi yang cocok digunakan pada masing-masing daerah promosi. Metode yang digunakan dalam sistem pendukung keputusan (SPK) adalah Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Implementasi AHP untuk memperoleh bobot kriteria yang nantinya akan di urutkan berdasarkan prioritas dari jenis promosi dan daerah promosi yang akan digunakan. Penggunaan AHP dipilih karena dapat memecahkan masalah keputusan dengan banyak kriteria. Hasil pengujian dengan menggunakan data Calon mahasiswa Baru mulai dari tahun 2014 hingga 2019 diperoleh jenis promosi yang cocok untuk sebagian besar daerah adalah jenis promosi menggunakan media sosial dengan nilai persentasi sebesar 70,27%.
Analisis del crecimiento del sector de economía solidaria en el área de agricultura y su aplicación a la formación
Authors: Serrano-Serrato Leidy Viviana , Torres Benavides Octavio
Published: September 2021

Esta investigación se enmarca en el estudio del sector agrícola de Colombia en relación con el crecimiento de la economía solidaria en la actividad de agricultura, caza, silvicultura y pesca. El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar cuál ha sido el crecimiento del sector de economía solidaria en este tipo de actividades económicas en los periodos 2002-2017. Esta investigación es de carácter descriptivo, con un enfoque cuantitativo de analisis de datos estadísticos de tendencias. Los resultados permitieron identificar el crecimiento de las organizaciones de economía solidaria en el sector agrícola en el país, sin embargo, este crecimiento aún está muy lejos de la media de crecimiento del sector de economía solidaria, lo que muestra que se deben fortalecer los mecanismos para el desarrollo de organizaciones de economía social y solidaria en el sector agrícola, con el fin de incrementar la competitividad y el desarrollo del sector agrícola en Colombia.
Upaya Peningkatan Fase Perkembangan Industri Anak melalui Terapi Kelompok Terapeutik pada Anak Usia Sekolah
Authors: Yektiningsih Erwin , Firdausi Nugrahaeni , Yuliansari Pratiwi
Published: September 2021

Anak usia sekolah merupakan generasi masa depan bangsa, sehingga diperlukan ketahanan dan kesehatan mental yang optimal supaya anak produktif sesuai dengan fase perkembangan industry. Jika hal tersebut tidak dilakukan maka akan mengalami gangguan perkembangan psikososial. Saat ini masih banyak keluarga di komunitas yang belum memahami mengenai cara menstimulasi perkembangan anak usia sekolah pada beberapa jenis perkembangan seperti motorik, kognitif dan bahasa, emosi dan kepribadian, moral dan spiritual, serta psikososial. Tujuan dari pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini untuk menstimulasi anak usia sekolah pada perkembangan industry secara optimal melalui pendekatan terapi kelompok terapeutik (TKT) usia anak sekolah. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini menggunakan metode pelaksanaan terdiri dari tiga tahap adalah tahap persiapan, pelaksaanaan tindakan TKT yang terdiri dari lima (5) sesi dan evaluasi. Hasil kegiatan ini menunjukkan mayoritas peserta terjadi peningkatan tingkat perkembangan dengan baik pada anak usia sekolah setelah dilakukan TKT. Oleh karena itu, terapi kelompok terapeutik direkomendasikan sebagai promosi untuk menstimulasi perkembangan secara optimal yang mempengaruhi pada kesehatan jiwa anak usia sekolah pada tatanan pelayanan kesehatan jiwa di masyarakat.
Nutritional Effects on Dairy Cattle Fertility
Authors: S. M. Alragubi. , Estuty Dr. Naser
Published: September 2021

Dairy cow fertility has declined in recent decades, coincidental with large increases in milk production. The problem is often considered being nutritional and can be corrected through dietary adjustment. The interaction between nutrition and reproduction is poorly tuned, and study results are often contradictory. Nutrition is an important component of successful reproduction, but dietary change to improve pregnancy rates is complicated, and merely offering pastured cows a supplement is unlikely to result in large effects, say authors. The effect of energy balance, carbohydrate type, protein and fat on reproductive outcomes will be considered.
Infinite Integral Involving the Generalized Modified I-Function of Two Variables
Authors: Ayant Frédéric , Kumar Prvindra
Published: September 2021

In the present paper, we evaluate the general infinite integral involving the generalized modified I-functions of two variables. At the end, we shall see several corollaries and remarks.
Finite Integral Involving the Generalized Modified I-Function of Two Variables
Authors: Kumar Prvindra , Kumar Prvindra
Published: September 2021

In the present paper, we evaluate the general finite integral involving the generalized modified I-functions of two variables. At the end, we shall see several corollaries and remarks.
Evaluation of Immunomodulatory Activity of Extract and Fractions of Sida acuta Burm. f. Leaves in Mice and GC-MS Analysis of n- Hexane Fraction
Authors: E. C. Alaefuna , P. F. Uzor , S. N. Okafor , P. O. Osadebe , P. O. Osadebe , P. O. Osadebe , P. O. Osadebe , P. O. Osadebe
Published: September 2021

The leaves of Sida acuta Burm. f. (Malvaceae) has been reported to possess potent anti- inflammatory, anti- plasmodial and anti-microbial activities. The relationship of these bioactivities and immune responses lead to the evaluation of the immunomodulatory activity of Sida acuta Burm. f. leave extract and fractions. This our study was done to determine the immunomodulatory activity and chemical study of methanol leave extract and fractions of Sida acuta Burm. f. The immunomodulatory evaluation was done by invivo Delay Type Hypersensitivity reaction (DTHR) in the body and in vitro measurement of phagocytosis of killed Candida albicans by the phagocyte polymorphonuclear leucocytes using slide method. Acute toxicity, phytochemical and GC-MS analysis were also performed. The DTHR tested in the blood with T-cells in mice showed that the extract and its fractions caused a delayed hypersensitivity response in 24hrs which was very significant (P ? 0.05) in the n- hexane fraction of the extract when compared to the control group at the dose of 100mg/kg. The in vitro studies showed a very significant difference (P ? 0.05) in the positive control group (LEVA) at concentration of 50, 100 and 200µg/ml, in crude extract (SrE) at concentrations of 50, 100 and 200µg/ml, n- hexane fraction 50, 100 and 200µg/ml, Ethyl acetate fraction at 200µg/ml and Absolute methanol fraction at 100µg/ml and also have high percentage phagocytic stimulation (PPS). The acute toxicity test did not cause clinical signs or death within 24hours post treatment in all doses tested and highest dose of 5000mg/kg. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, triterpenoids, tannins, steroids and cardiac glycosides. GC-MS analysis of fraction with highest activity was carried out on n-hexane fraction which showed the presence of some compounds like hexadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1 (hydroxymethyl) ethyl ester, 3,4-seco-5alpha-cholestan-3-oic acid,4-hydroxy-4-methyl epsilon-lacto
Serological Specificity in the Detection of Syphilis among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal in Some Hospitals in Mubi Metropolis, Adamawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Elisha Richard , I. Abubakar,
Published: September 2021

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the Treponema pallidum (spirochetes). Syphilis remains a major cause of reproductive morbidity and poor pregnant outcomes in developing countries. This Research work seeks to determine the specificity of serological VDRL test for syphilis against the use of High Vaginal Swab in molecular detection of syphilis among pregnant women attending antenatal in some selected hospitals and clinics in Mubi North and South L.G.A. Adamawa State, Nigeria to subvert the challenges, hence finding lasting solution to the Reproductive and mental health challenges posed by secondary Syphillis. A total of 120 blood samples were collected from 120 consented pregnant women in batches from General hospital, Mubi, Sabon layi clinic, Lokuwa PHC, Lamurde maternity, Kwaja PHC and Alheri Nursing hospital all in Mubi North and South Local Government, during their Antenatal days. In all, 30(25.0 %) of the samples were seropositive, with the highest prevalence recorded as 11(9.17 %) of the 20 samples collected from Kwajah PHC in Mubi South L.G.A. The HVS of pregnant with positive serological test results were subjected to molecular nPCR test to amplify the tpp47 gene of Treponema pallidum. The only amplified fragment which arouse from the positive as the only positive amplification products was analyzed for specificity in an agarose gel developed 0.01 % ethidum bromide for ease of visualization of the band of fragment weight 260 bp tpp47 gene of Treponema pallidum under U.V since all HVS samples showed no bands of amplification, no further sequencing was technically necessary.
DESAFIOS DOCENTE NO ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS NATURAIS: O USO DE RECURSOS TECNOLÓGICOS E PENSAMENTO CRÍTICO DISCENTE NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL, EM CAMETÁ-PA.
Authors: Batista Lopes Jelvânia
Published: September 2021

A pesquisa buscou analisar os desafios docente no ensino de ciências naturais: o uso de recursos tecnológicos e pensamento crítico discente no ensino fundamental, em Cametá-Pa. A formação inicial e continuada no ensino de Ciências requer investigações nas escolas, e assim possibilitar a contribuição não só na parte do âmbito profissional como também, informar que este levantamento dará suporte ao estudo direcionando o pesquisador a inserção gradualmente no campo de estudo, respeitando as posturas individuais dos membros envolvidos. Nesta perspectiva, objetivou identificar os desafios da prática docente no ensino de Ciências no direcionamento da teorização e da prática perante a formação dos discentes no espaço escolar; relatar a prática da pesquisa através do uso tecnológico enquanto metodologia de ensino que promova a formação do aluno enquanto sujeito pesquisador e produtor do seu conhecimento. Logo, utilizou-se como elementos metodológicos: o método qualitativo (quali) e quantitativa (quanti), estudo de campo, com método não experimental, enfoque quali direcionado pelo alcance exploratório analítico. Os dados coletados estão organizados e interpretados usando a logística percentual e numérica para elucidar os valores coletados. Para sustentar e reforçar este significativo trabalho buscou-se as teorias de Lüdke e André (1986); Fazenda (2007); Chizzotti (2007); Falsarella (2004); Freire (1996) e dentre outros. Portanto, evidencia-se na pesquisa a necessidade da formação e o aperfeiçoamento dos docentes quanto ao uso das tecnologias da informação e comunicação, com isso não basta à escola adquirir recursos tecnológicos e materiais pedagógicos sofisticados e modernos, mas os professores limitarem-se apenas ao treinamento para o uso destes. O professor deve, então, averiguar as metodologias de ensino que são utilizadas para promover o desenvolvimento do pensamento crítico do aluno pesquisar, conhecer o que as novas tecnologias têm a oferecer a fim de tornar suas aulas mais instigantes, criando condições de aprendizagem por meio de recursos computacionais, dentre os quais se destacam os aplicativos de programas para produção de textos, planilhas, gráficos, jogos educativos, internet, entre outros.
Microvascular COVID-19 lung vessels obstructive thromboinflammatory syndrome. Prevention of venous thromboembolism in patients with COVID-19
Authors:   Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, Sugraliyev Akhmetzhan , Cirillo Рlinio ,   Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Federico II, Naples, Italy
Published: September 2021

In this review, the authors describe the new concept of MicroCLOTS (microvascular COVID-19 lung vessels obstructive thromboinflammatory syndrome) - proposed by Italian multidisciplinary team headed by Ciceri F, et al. as the cause of atypical acute respiratory distress syndrome. Ciceri F, etal. hypothesise that, in predisposed individuals, alveolar viral damage is followed by an inflammatory reaction and by microvascular pulmonary thrombosis. This progressive endothelial thromboinflammatory syndrome may also involve the microvascular bed of the brain and other vital organs, leading to multiple organ failure and death. In addition, patients with COVID-19 often develop macrovascular venous thrombosis as a result of the activation of the Virchow triad. Microvascular and macrovascular thrombosis development in patients with COVID-19 is confirmed by ultrasound examination of the veins of the lower extremities and complete autopsy study. The data obtained indicate the importance of the prevention of venous thrombosis with LMWH (nadroparin, enoxaparin) and Fondaparinux sodium in all hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Keywords: COVID-19, аtypical acute respiratory distress syndrome, MicroCLOTS (microvascular COVID-19 lung vessels obstructive thromboinflammatory syndrome), thrombosis, hemostasis.
Results of pathogenetic therapy with the drug N-Pentoxynial in children with current latent CMV/EBV infection
Authors:   LLP Medactiv, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, Idrissova Raushan , Mustafaeva Farida ,   City Child Infection Hospital, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, Zhaksybek Madina ,   Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, University Clinic “Aksay”, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan, Idrissova Zhannat ,   Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, University Clinic “Aksay”, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: September 2021

In the perinatal and early postnatal period, congenital (antenatal) and intrauterine (intra- and perinatal) CMV are more often manifested by lesions of the liver, brain and organ of vision. Objective. To study the effect of pathogenetic therapy with the metabolic and hepatoprotective drug N-Pentoxinial on the course of persistent CMV/EBV infection of perinatal genesis in children. Material and Methods. The course of latent perinatal cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Bar viral infections in children was studied against the background of antiviral treatment (specific against CMV/ EBV immunoglobulin - Neocytect and recombinant alpha-interferon - Viferon No. 10), followed (immediately after 5-7 days after antiviral) by the appointment of 1-2 courses of N-Pentoxinal for 10-20 days. The main group consisted of 20 children (average age 5.4±1.4 years), the control group consisted of 10 children (average age 5.1±1.7 years). All underwent general clinical and virological studies to confirm the diagnosis. Result and discussions. The results obtained indicate that the addition of N-pentoxynial to the basic antiviral therapy for CMV and EBV infection in children improves (accelerates) the elimination of the virus from biological fluids (blood and urine), as well as more rapid normalization of transaminases and alkaline phosphatase. There were no reliably proven allergic reactions. Conclusions. The drug N-Pentoxinial can be prescribed after antiviral therapy for perinatal CMV, EBV infection in order to consolidate the results of antiviral treatment and normalize liver function, especially bile secretion. Keywords: latent perinatal cytomegalovirus/Epstein-Barr viral infection, children, therapy.
Influence of social determinants on health and well-being of children and adolescents
Authors:   Marat Ospanov West Kazakhstan Medical University, Aktobe, Republic of Kazakhstan, Doskabulova Dariya , Mamyrbaev Arstan ,   Marat Ospanov West Kazakhstan Medical University, Aktobe, Republic of Kazakhstan, Tadevosyan Artashes ,   Yerevan State Medical University n.a. M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Republic of Armenia, Kaldybaeva Aiman ,   Marat Ospanov West Kazakhstan Medical University, Aktobe, Republic of Kazakhstan, Zheksenova Azhar ,   Marat Ospanov West Kazakhstan Medical University, Aktobe, Republic of Kazakhstan, Shayakhmetova Кulyan ,   Marat Ospanov West Kazakhstan Medical University, Aktobe, Republic of Kazakhstan, Sakebaeva Laura ,   Marat Ospanov West Kazakhstan Medical University, Aktobe, Republic of Kazakhstan, Karashova Gulsim ,   Marat Ospanov West Kazakhstan Medical University, Aktobe, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: September 2021

The formation of the health of adolescent children is carried out under the influence of many risk factors, including non-medical determinants: lifestyle, socio-economic, household factors and living conditions. Conducting epidemiological studies to identify the leading risk factors for the lifestyle and quality of life of adolescents is currently consistent with the basic directions of development of preventive medicine. Aim. Analysis of literature data, leading factors, the impact of social determinants on the health and well-being of children and adolescents. Material and methods. The choice of publications was made according to keywords that reflected between the indicators of the health of children and adolescents and the factors that influence them. Assessment of the influence of social determinants on the health of children and adolescents made it possible to prepare comprehensive measures to improve the health and health of children and adolescents. Conclusions. In the literature review, the social conditions studied have a decisive influence on the formation of the lifestyle, health and well-being of children and adolescents. Keywords: сhildren, adolescents, social determinant.
USING CRITICAL GEOPOLITICAL RESEARCH TO ANALYZE AND UNDERSTAND THE ISRAELI OCCUPATION OF PALESTINE
Authors: Nasr Simon Alexander
Published: September 2021

For my research I used peer-review journals, think tank institutes, intergovernmental organizations and government agencies to gather substantial information.
A novel vessel fraction flow reserve three-dimensional quantitative coronary angiography-based software. First case in Latin America
Authors: Ribeiro Marcelo , Boukhris Marouane , Dallan Luis , Silveira Cristina , Azzalini Lorenzo , Rey Florian
Published: September 2021

Fractional flow reserve has become the mainstay of functional hemodynamic assessment and is considered the gold standard to identify ischemic coronary stenoses. However, adopting the method into daily practice has been limited. Indeed, it requires the use of a costly pressure wire and the administration of a hyperemic agent. Vessel fractional flow reserve is a 3D-QCA based fractional flow reserve, using CAAS Workstation (version 8.4; Pie Medical Imaging, Maastricht, the Netherlands). It is a non-invasive method that does not require pressure wire or hyperemic agent; therefore it is time saving and easy to use. This is the first case performed in Brazil and demonstrates the correlation between fractional flow reserve and vessel fractional flow reserve performed in the same lesion, and the feasibility of calculation of vessel fractional flow reserve using 3D QCA-based software. We report the case of a 61-year-old male, who was admitted for typical chest pain. Coronary angiography revealed serial intermediate lesions in the mid- and distal left anterior descending. We evaluated left anterior descending lesions initially by fractional flow reserve then by vessel fractional flow reserve. Fractional flow reserve in distal left anterior descending was 0.65. Then, vessel fractional flow reserve value was calculated at 0.61. In our case, the correlation was adequate and the feasibility with offline calculation was excellent and fast. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of vessel fractional flow reserve performed in Latin America. Therefore, we expect vessel fractional flow reserve to be a game changer in management of coronary artery disease patients, particularly those with intermediate lesions.
LAX1 expression associates with survival in triple negative breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2021

We mined published microarray data (1) to understand the most significant gene expression differences in the tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients based on survival at time of analysis: dead or alive. We observed significant transcriptome-wide differential expression of lymphocyte transmembrane adaptor 1, encoded by LAX1 when comparing the primary tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients dead or alive. Importantly, LAX1 expression was significantly correlated with overall survival in basal subtype breast cancer, a molecular subtype sharing significant overlap with triple negative breast cancer. LAX1 may be of relevance as a biomarker or as a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of triple negative breast cancer.
PITX2 expression associates with survival in triple negative breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2021

We mined published microarray data (1) to understand the most significant gene expression differences in the tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients based on survival at time of analysis: dead or alive. We observed significant transcriptome-wide differential expression of paired-like homeodomain 2, encoded by PITX2 when comparing the primary tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients dead or alive. Importantly, PITX2 expression was significantly correlated with distant metastasis-free survival in basal subtype breast cancer, a molecular subtype sharing significant overlap with triple negative breast cancer. PITX2 may be of relevance as a biomarker or as a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of triple negative breast cancer.
Evaluación de la respuesta a una intervención educativa en promoción de la salud y prevención de enfermedades zoonóticas en una comunidad de porcicultores en el municipio de Restrepo Valle del Cauca.- Evaluation of the response to an educational intervention in health promotion and prevention of zoonotic diseases in a community of pig farmers in the municipality of Restrepo Valle del Cauca.
Authors: Valentina Moreno-Sánchez Luisa , Muñoz-Uscátegui Angela María , Rodríguez-Hortúa Luis Miguel , Palencia-Sánchez Francisco
Published: September 2021

Health education is one of the most important strategies when addressing the needs of the population in terms of health, an example that reveals this is the case of the educational strategies implemented in the population of pig farmers of Restrepo-Valle del Cauca to mitigate negative effects in terms of public health, particularly in occupational and environmental health related to zoonotic diseases. It is important to recognize that the evaluation of the interventions carried out in this regard must be made within the educational process, which is why the current work focused on evaluating the response of this population of workers with the health education strategies taught in the region in 2018. From a complimentary review of the literature and adaptation and implementation of an interview proposal, for a qualitative and quantitative evaluation of these educational interventions. After the application of the population interviews, it was found that less than half of the population in the database answered the telephone calls, which somewhat limited the generalization of the results from a quantitative data perspective; However, based on the information provided, a qualitative analysis was carried out that allows an idea of how the educational intervention could modify the behaviors of this population group based on One Health approach.
CUX2 expression associates with survival in triple negative breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: September 2021

We mined published microarray data (1) to understand the most significant gene expression differences in the tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients based on survival at time of analysis: dead or alive. We observed significant transcriptome-wide differential expression of cut-like homeobox 2, encoded by CUX2 when comparing the primary tumors of triple negative breast cancer patients dead or alive. Importantly, CUX2 expression was significantly correlated with recurrence-free survival in basal subtype breast cancer, a molecular subtype sharing significant overlap with triple negative breast cancer. CUX2 may be of relevance as a biomarker or as a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of triple negative breast cancer.
Cluster Wild Bootstrapping to Handle Dependent Effect Sizes in Meta-Analysis with a Small Number of Studies
Authors: Joshi Megha , Pustejovsky James E , Beretvas S. Natasha
Published: September 2021

The most common and well-known meta-regression models work under the assumption that there is only one effect size estimate per study and that the estimates are independent. However, meta-analytic reviews of social science research often include multiple effect size estimates per primary study, leading to dependence in the estimates. Some meta-analyses also include multiple studies conducted by the same lab or investigator, creating another potential source of dependence. An increasingly popular method to handle dependence is robust variance estimation (RVE), but this method can result in inflated Type I error rates when the number of studies is small. Small-sample correction methods for RVE have been shown to control Type I error rates adequately but may be overly conservative, especially for tests of multiple-contrast hypotheses. We evaluated an alternative method for handling dependence, cluster wild bootstrapping, which has been examined in the econometrics literature but not in the context of meta-analysis. Results from two simulation studies indicate that cluster wild bootstrapping maintains adequate Type I error rates and provides more power than extant small sample correction methods, particularly for multiple-contrast hypothesis tests. We recommend using cluster wild bootstrapping to conduct hypothesis tests for meta-analyses with a small number of studies. We have also created an R package that implements such tests.
Structural controls on earthquake rupture revealed by the 2020 Mw 6.0 Jiashi earthquake (Kepingtag belt, SW Tian Shan, China)
Authors: Wang Siyu , Nissen Edwin , Craig Timothy , Bergman Eric , Pousse-Beltran Léa
Published: September 2021

The Kepingtag (Kalpin) fold-and-thrust belt of the southern Chinese Tian Shan is characterized by active shortening and intense seismic activity. Geological cross-sections and seismic reflection profiles suggest thin-skinned, northward-dipping thrust sheets detached in an Upper Cambrian décollement. The January 19 2020 Mw 6.0 Jiashi earthquake provides an opportunity to investigate how coseismic deformation is accommodated in this structural setting. Coseismic surface deformation resolved with Sentinel-1 Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) is centered on the back limb of the frontal Kepingtag anticline. Elastic dislocation modelling suggests that the causative fault is located at ~7 km depth and dips ~7° northward, consistent with the inferred position of the décollement. The narrow slip pattern (length ~37 km but width only ~9 km) implies that there is a strong structural or lithological control on the rupture extent, with up-dip slip propagation possibly halted by an abrupt change in dip angle where the Kepingtag thrust is inferred to branch off the décollement. A depth discrepancy between mainshock slip constrained by InSAR and teleseismic waveform modelling (~7 km) and well-relocated aftershocks (~10-20 km) may imply that sediments above the décollement are velocity strengthening. We also relocate 148 regional events from 1977 to 2020 to characterize the broader distribution of seismicity across the Kepingtag belt. The calibrated hypocenters combined with previous teleseismic waveform models show that thrust and reverse faulting earthquakes cluster at relatively shallow depths of ~7-15 km but include abundant out-of-sequence events both north and south of the frontal Kepingtag fault.