Insights from a Pan India Sero-Epidemiological survey (Phenome-India Cohort) for SARS-CoV2
Authors: Naushin Salwa , Sardana Viren , Ujjainiya Rajat , Bhatheja Nitin , Kutum Rintu , Bhaskar Akash Kumar , Pradhan Shalini , Prakash Satyartha , Khan Raju , Rawat Birendra Singh , Tallapaka Karthik Bharadwaj , Anumalla Mahesh , Chandak Giriraj Ratan , Lahiri Amit , Kar Susanta , Mulay Shrikant Ramesh , Mugale Madhav Nilakanth , Srivastava Mrigank , Khan Shaziya , Srivastava Anjali , Tomar Bhawana , Veerapandian Murugan , Venkatachalam Ganesh , Vijayakumar Selvamani Raja , Agarwal Ajay , Gupta Dinesh , Halami Prakash M , Peddha Muthukumar Serva , Sundaram Gopinath M , Veeranna Ravindra P , Pal Anirban , Agarwal Vinay Kumar , Maurya Anil Ku , Singh Ranvijay Kumar , Raman Ashok Kumar , Anandasadagopan Suresh Kumar , Karuppanan Parimala , Venkatesan Subramanian , Sardana Harish Kumar , Kothari Anamika , Jain Rishabh , Thakur Anupama , Parihar Devendra Singh , Saifi Anas , Kaur Jasleen , Kumar Virendra , Mishra Avinash , Gogeri Iranna , Rayasam Geethavani , Singh Praveen , Chakraborty Rahul , Chaturvedi Gaura , Karunakar Pinreddy , Yadav Rohit , Singhmar Sunanda , Singh Dayanidhi , Sarkar Sharmistha , Bhattacharya Purbasha , Acharya Sundaram , Singh Vandana , Verma Shweta , Soni Drishti , Seth Surabhi , Vashisht Sakshi , Thakran Sarita , Fatima Firdaus , Singh Akash Pratap , Sharma Akanksha , Sharma Babita , Subramanian Manikandan , Padwad Yogendra S , Hallan Vipin , Patial Vikram , Singh Damanpreet , Tripude Narendra Vijay , Chakrabarti Partha , Maity Sujay Krishna , Ganguly Dipyaman , Sarkar Jit , Ramakrishna Sistla , Kumar Balthu Narender , Kumar Kiran A , Gandhi Sumit G , Jamwal Piyush Singh , Chouhan Rekha , Jamwal Vijay Lakshmi , Kapoor Nitika , Ghosh Debashish , Thakkar Ghanshyam , Subudhi Umakanta , Sen Pradip , Chaudhury Saumya Ray , Kumar Rashmi , Gupta Pawan , Tuli Amit , Sharma Deepak , Ringe Rajesh P , D Amarnarayan , Kulkarni Mahesh , Shanmugam Dhansekaran , Dharne Mahesh S , Dastager Sayed G , Joshi Rakesh , Patil Amita P , Mahajan Sachin N , Khan Abujunaid Habib , Wagh Vasudev , Yadav Rakesh Kumar , Khilari Ajinkya , Bhadange Mayuri , Chaurasiya Arvindkumar H , Kulsange Shabda E , Khairnar Krishna , Paranjape Shilpa , Kalita Jatin , Sastry Narahari G , Phukan Tridip , Manna Prasenjit , Romi Wahengbam , Bharali Pankaj , Ozah Dibyajyoti , Sahu Ravi Kumar , Babu Elapavalooru VSSK , Sukumaran Rajeev , Nair Aiswarya R , Valappil Prajeesh Kooloth , Puthiyamadam Anoop , Velayudhanpillai Adarsh , Chodankar Kalpana , Damare Samir , Madhavi Yennapu , Aggarwal Ved Varun , Dahiya Sumit , Agrawal Anurag , Dash Debasis , Sengupta Shantanu 
Published: April 2021

To understand the spread of SARS-CoV2, in August and September 2020, the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (India) conducted a serosurvey across its constituent laboratories and centers across India. Of 10,427 volunteers, 1058 (10.14%) tested positive for SARS-CoV2 anti-nucleocapsid (anti-NC) antibodies, 95% of which had surrogate neutralization activity. Three-fourth of these recalled no symptoms. Repeat serology tests at 3 (n = 607) and 6 (n = 175) months showed stable anti-NC antibodies but declining neutralization activity. Local seropositivity was higher in densely populated cities and was inversely correlated with a 30-day change in regional test positivity rates (TPRs). Regional seropositivity above 10% was associated with declining TPR. Personal factors associated with higher odds of seropositivity were high-exposure work (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval, p value: 2.23, 1.92–2.59, <0.0001), use of public transport (1.79, 1.43–2.24, <0.0001), not smoking (1.52, 1.16–1.99, 0.0257), non-vegetarian diet (1.67, 1.41–1.99, <0.0001), and B blood group (1.36, 1.15–1.61, 0.001).