bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using Sentinel-2 Data for Retrieving LAI and Leaf and Canopy Chlorophyll Content of a Potato Crop
Authors: Clevers Jan , Kooistra Lammert , Van den Brande Marnix
Published: April 2017

Leaf area index (LAI) and chlorophyll content, at leaf and canopy level, are important variables for agricultural applications because of their crucial role in photosynthesis and in plant functioning. The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that LAI, leaf chlorophyll content (LCC), and canopy chlorophyll content (CCC) of a potato crop can be estimated by vegetation indices for the first time using Sentinel-2 satellite images. In 2016 ten plots of 30 × 30 m were designed in a potato field with different fertilization levels. During the growing season approximately 10 daily radiometric field measurements were used to determine LAI, LCC, and CCC. These radiometric determinations were extensively calibrated against LAI2000 and chlorophyll meter (SPAD, soil plant analysis development) measurements for potato crops grown in the years 2010–2014. Results for Sentinel-2 showed that the weighted difference vegetation index (WDVI) using bands at 10 m spatial resolution can be used for estimating the LAI (R2 of 0.809; root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.36). The ratio of the transformed chlorophyll in reflectance index and the optimized soil-adjusted vegetation index (TCARI/OSAVI) showed to be a good linear estimator of LCC at 20 m (R2 of 0.696; RMSEP of 0.062 g·m−2). The performance of the chlorophyll vegetation index (CVI) at 10 m spatial resolution was slightly worse (R2 of 0.656; RMSEP of 0.066 g·m−2) compared to TCARI/OSAVI. Finally, results showed that the green chlorophyll index (CIgreen) was an accurate and linear estimator of CCC at 10 m (R2 of 0.818; RMSEP of 0.29 g·m−2). Results for CIgreen were better than for the red-edge chlorophyll index (CIred-edge, R2 of 0.576, RMSE of 0.43 g·m−2). Our results show that Sentinel-2 bands at 10 m spatial resolution are suitable for estimating LAI, LCC, and CCC, avoiding the need for red-edge bands that are only available at 20 m. This is an important finding for applying Sentinel-2 data in precision agriculture.
Improving Biometric-Based Authentication Schemes with Smart Card Revocation/Reissue for Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Moon Jongho , Lee Donghoon , Lee Youngsook , Won Dongho
Published: April 2017

User authentication in wireless sensor networks is more difficult than in traditional networks owing to sensor network characteristics such as unreliable communication, limited resources, and unattended operation. For these reasons, various authentication schemes have been proposed to provide secure and efficient communication. In 2016, Park et al. proposed a secure biometric-based authentication scheme with smart card revocation/reissue for wireless sensor networks. However, we found that their scheme was still insecure against impersonation attack, and had a problem in the smart card revocation/reissue phase. In this paper, we show how an adversary can impersonate a legitimate user or sensor node, illegal smart card revocation/reissue and prove that Park et al.’s scheme fails to provide revocation/reissue. In addition, we propose an enhanced scheme that provides efficiency, as well as anonymity and security. Finally, we provide security and performance analysis between previous schemes and the proposed scheme, and provide formal analysis based on the random oracle model. The results prove that the proposed scheme can solve the weaknesses of impersonation attack and other security flaws in the security analysis section. Furthermore, performance analysis shows that the computational cost is lower than the previous scheme.
A Gradient-Field Pulsed Eddy Current Probe for Evaluation of Hidden Material Degradation in Conductive Structures Based on Lift-Off Invariance
Authors: Li Yong , Jing Haoqing , Zainal Abidin Ilham , Yan Bei
Published: April 2017

Coated conductive structures are widely adopted in such engineering fields as aerospace, nuclear energy, etc. The hostile and corrosive environment leaves in-service coated conductive structures vulnerable to Hidden Material Degradation (HMD) occurring under the protection coating. It is highly demanded that HMD can be non-intrusively assessed using non-destructive evaluation techniques. In light of the advantages of Gradient-field Pulsed Eddy Current technique (GPEC) over other non-destructive evaluation methods in corrosion evaluation, in this paper the GPEC probe for quantitative evaluation of HMD is intensively investigated. Closed-form expressions of GPEC responses to HMD are formulated via analytical modeling. The Lift-off Invariance (LOI) in GPEC signals, which makes the HMD evaluation immune to the variation in thickness of the protection coating, is introduced and analyzed through simulations involving HMD with variable depths and conductivities. A fast inverse method employing magnitude and time of the LOI point in GPEC signals for simultaneously evaluating the conductivity and thickness of HMD region is proposed, and subsequently verified by finite element modeling and experiments. It has been found from the results that along with the proposed inverse method the GPEC probe is applicable to evaluation of HMD in coated conductive structures without much loss in accuracy.
A Cost-Effective Relative Humidity Sensor Based on Side Coupling Induction Technology
Authors: Zhang Yingzi , Hou Yulong , Liu Wenyi , Zhang Huixin , Zhang Yanjun , Zhang Zhidong , Guo Jing , Liu Jia , Zhang Liang , Tan Qiu-lin
Published: April 2017

A intensity-modulated optical fiber relative humidity (RH) sensor based on the side coupling induction technology (SCIT) is presented and experimentally demonstrated. The agarose gel and the twisted macro-bend coupling structure are first combined for RH sensing applications. The refractive index (RI) of the agarose gel increases with the increase of the RH and is in linear proportion from 20 to 80%RH. The side coupling power, which changes directly with the RI of the agarose gel, can strip the source noise from the sensor signal and improve the signal to noise ratio substantially. The experiment results show that the sensitivity of the proposed sensor increases while the bend radius decreases. When the bend radius is 8 mm, the sensor has a linear response from 40% to 80% RH with the sensitivity of 4.23 nW/% and the limit of detection of 0.70%. A higher sensitivity of 12.49 nW/% is achieved when RH raises from 80% to 90% and the limit of detection decreases to 0.55%. Furthermore, the proposed sensor is a low-cost solution, offering advantages of good reversibility, fast response time, and compensable temperature dependence.
Implementation of an Electronic Ionosonde to Monitor the Earth’s Ionosphere via a Projected Column through USRP
Authors: Barona Mendoza Jhon , Quiroga Ruiz Carlos , Pinedo Jaramillo Carlos
Published: April 2017

This document illustrates the processes carried out for the construction of an ionospheric sensor or ionosonde, from a universal software radio peripheral (USRP), and its programming using GNU-Radio and MATLAB. The development involved the in-depth study of the characteristics of the ionosphere, to apply the corresponding mathematical models used in the radar-like pulse compression technique and matched filters, among others. The sensor operates by firing electromagnetic waves in a frequency sweep, which are reflected against the ionosphere and are received on its return by the receiver of the instrument, which calculates the reflection height through the signal offset. From this information and a series of calculations, the electron density of the terrestrial ionosphere could be obtained. Improving the SNR of received echoes reduces the transmission power to a maximum of 400 W. The resolution associated with the bandwidth of the signal used is approximately 5 km, but this can be improved, taking advantage of the fact that the daughterboards used in the USRP allow a higher sampling frequency than the one used in the design of this experiment.
A Simple, Cost-Effective Sensor for Detecting Lead Ions in Water Using Under-Potential Deposited Bismuth Sub-Layer with Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV)
Authors: Dai Yifan , Liu Chung
Published: April 2017

This research has developed a simple to use, cost effective sensor system for the detection of lead ions in tap water. An under-potential deposited bismuth sub-layer on a thin gold film based electrochemical sensor was designed, manufactured, and evaluated. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) measurement technique was employed in this detection. Tap water from the Cleveland, OH, USA regional water district was the test medium. Concentrations of lead ion in the range of 8 × 10−7 M to 5 × 10−4 M were evaluated, showing a good sensitivity over this concentration range. The calibration curve for the DPV measurements of lead ions in tap water showed excellent reproducibility with R2 value of 0.970. This DPV detection system required 3–6 min to complete the detection measurement. A longer measurement time of 6 min was used for the lower lead ion concentration. The selectivity of this lead ion sensor was very good, and Fe III, Cu II, Ni II, and Mg II at a concentration level of 5 × 10−4 M did not interfere with the lead ion measurement.
The Impact of Education and R&D Investment on Regional Economic Growth
Authors: Woo Youngjin , Kim Euijune , Lim Jaewon
Published: April 2017

The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of education and R&D investment on regional economic growth in South Korea. We develop a simultaneous model of production, human capital accumulation, migration, population and physical capital investment of two regions: the Seoul Metropolitan Area and the rest of Korea. We decompose the regional growth path into a quality path and a quantity path to identify how regional economies grow and run simulations to evaluate alternative policies in terms of effectiveness and adaptability. The impact of education and R&D investment on regional growth in the rest of Korea is only 22.3% of that in the Seoul Metropolitan Area due to lower elasticity values of young in-migrants with respect to the investment in the rest of Korea. An enhanced efficiency of regional human capital accumulation is effective and adaptable to alleviate regional economic disparity.
Regionalist Principles to Reduce the Urban Heat Island Effect
Authors: Echevarría Icaza Leyre , Van der Hoeven Franklin
Published: April 2017

Scientists, climatologists, and urban planners have started to recognize the importance of nature at two very different scales: the global (metabolic) and the local (liveability) scales. The regional scale is the one at which these macro and micro approaches overlap. Future predictions foresee an increase of more than 2450 million urban inhabitants by 2050, thus new balanced urban visions need to be developed in order to guarantee the sustainability of urban areas. The Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect is a climate phenomenon resulting from unbalanced urban design arrangements. This paper analyses several design principles proposed by the 1920s regionalists from the UHI perspective. The preservation of the regional geographical landmarks, the implementation of urban containment policies (limiting city sizes), the increase of greenery and the development of green multifunctional blocks would help reduce the UHI in future urban developments.
Public Support for Pro-Environmental Policy Measures: Examining the Impact of Personal Values and Ideology
Authors: Harring Niklas , Jagers Sverker , Matti Simon
Published: April 2017

This article explores the relationship between two major explanations of the formation of positive attitudes towards environmental policy measures. Ideological orientation and personal values have, in theory, significant overlaps in the sense that they collect general and cross-situational sentiments used to understand and evaluate a wide range of political issues. However, in the empirical literature, although they independently have been shown to have rather significant effects on pro-environmental policy attitudes, they are rarely tested together in order to explore whether they capture the same basic mechanisms. In this article, two data sets from Sweden are used to demonstrate both that ideological orientation and personal values independently affect pro-environmental policy support, as well as that these effects differ across different policy types.
Design and Analysis of Multiple OS Implementation on a Single ARM-Based Embedded Platform
Authors: Kim Byoungwook , Choi Min
Published: April 2017

Recently, with the development of embedded system hardware technology, there is a need to support various kinds of operating system (OS) operation in embedded systems. In mobile processors, ARM started to provide the virtualization extension support technology which was intended for processors in PC processors. Virtualization technology has the advantage of using hardware resources effectively. If the real-time operating system (RTOS) is operated on a hypervisor, there is a problem that RTOS performance is degraded due to overhead. Thus, we need to compare the performance between a single execution of the RTOS and simultaneous execution of multiple OS (RTOS + Linux). Therefore, in this paper, we measure the performance when the RTOS operates independently on the NVidia Jetson TK-1 embedded board supporting virtualization technology. Then, we measure the performance when the RTOS and Linux are operating simultaneously on top of a hypervisor. For this purpose, we implemented and ported such a RTOS, especially FreeRTOS and uC/OS, onto two embedded boards, such as the Arndale board (SAMSUNG, Seoul, South Korea) and the NVidia TK1 board (NVIDIA, Santa Clara, CA, USA).
A Fault Feature Extraction Method for Motor Bearing and Transmission Analysis
Authors: Deng Wu , Zhao Huimin , Yang Xinhua , Dong Chang
Published: April 2017

Roller bearings are the most widely used and easily damaged mechanical parts in rotating machinery. Their running state directly affects rotating machinery performance. Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) easily occurs illusive component and mode mixing problem. From the view of feature extraction, a new feature extraction method based on integrating ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), the correlation coefficient method, and Hilbert transform is proposed to extract fault features and identify fault states for motor bearings in this paper. In the proposed feature extraction method, the EEMD is used to decompose the vibration signal into a series of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) with different frequency components. Then the correlation coefficient method is used to select the IMF components with the largest correlation coefficient, which are carried out with the Hilbert transform. The obtained corresponding envelope spectra are analyzed to extract the fault feature frequency and identify the fault state by comparing with the theoretical value. Finally, the fault signal transmission performance of vibration signals of the bearing inner ring and outer ring at the drive end and fan end are deeply studied. The experimental results show that the proposed feature extraction method can effectively eliminate the influence of the mode mixing and extract the fault feature frequency, and the energy of the vibration signal in the bearing outer ring at the fan end is lost during the transmission of the vibration signal. It is an effective method to extract the fault feature of the bearing from the noise with interference.
Analysis of Clustering Evaluation Considering Features of Item Response Data Using Data Mining Technique for Setting Cut-Off Scores
Authors: Kim Byoungwook , Kim JaMee , Yi Gangman
Published: April 2017

The setting of standards is a critical process in educational evaluation, but it is time-consuming and expensive because it is generally conducted by an education experts group. The purpose of this paper is to find a suitable cluster validity index that considers the futures of item response data for setting cut-off scores. In this study, nine representative cluster validity indexes were used to evaluate the clustering results. Cohen’s kappa coefficient is used to check the conformity between a set cut-off score using four clustering techniques and a cut-off score set by experts. We compared the cut-off scores by each cluster validity index and by a group of experts. The experimental results show that the entropy-based method considers the features of item response data, so it has a realistic possibility of applying a clustering evaluation method to the setting of standards in criterion referenced evaluation.
Performance and Cost Perspective in Selecting BMPs for Linear Projects
Authors: Osouli Abdolreza , Bloorchian Azadeh , Grinter Mark , Alborzi Aneseh , Marlow Scott , Ahiablame Laurent , Zhou Jianpeng
Published: April 2017

Roads and developed land can alter hydrologic pathways, cause erosion, and increase pollution to nearby waters. Best management practices (BMPs) are commonly used to reduce adverse effects of post-construction runoff. This study is focused on providing performance and cost information for optimally selecting the BMPs for retaining post-construction stormwater on site. The performance of BMPs was simulated numerically using an idealized catchment in an urban setting environment. The cost of construction and maintenance of these BMPs were based on unit price. The considered BMPs were bioswale, infiltration trench, and vegetated filter strip. The effects of vegetated covers such as turf or prairie grass on stormwater runoff reduction of linear projects with and without BMPs were also evaluated. Finally, based on construction cost, maintenance costs, and performance of BMPs, recommendations are made to help decision makers in implementing the optimal BMP to control stormwater runoff for highways in urban areas.
Fibroblast Activation Protein-α-Positive Fibroblasts Promote Gastric Cancer Progression and Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Blockade
Authors: Wen Xuyang , He Xiaoping , Jiao Feng , Wang Chunhui , Sun Yang , Ren Xuequn , Li Qianwen
Published: April 2017

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the main causes of cancer death. The tumor microenvironment has a profound effect on inducing tumor growth, metastasis, and immunosuppression. Fibroblast activation protein-α (FAP) is a protein that is usually expressed in fibroblasts, such as cancer-associated
fibroblasts, which are major components of the tumor microenvironment. However, the role of FAP in GC progression and treatment is still unknown. In this study, we explored these problems based on GC patient samples and experimental models. We found that high FAP expression was an independent
prognosticator of poor survival in GC patients. FAP+ cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) promoted the survival, proliferation, and migration of GC cell lines in vitro. Moreover, they also induced drug resistance of the GC cell lines and inhibited the antitumor functions of T cells
in the GC tumor microenvironment. More importantly, we found that targeting FAP+ CAFs substantially enhanced the antitumor effects of immune checkpoint blockades in GC xenograft models. This evidence highly suggested that FAP is a potential prognosticator of GC patients and a target
for synergizing with other treatments, especially immune checkpoint blockades in GC.
Leveraging Charity Sport Events to Develop a Connection to a Cause
Authors: Goodwin Adam , Snelgrove Ryan , Wood Laura , Taks Marijke
Published: April 2017

Charity sport events can be strategically leveraged to provide benefits beyond the event itself. This study explores how charity sport events can be leveraged as an opportunity for nonprofit organizations to stimulate participants' interest in their other cause-related activities. Specifically,
the relationships between motives for participation and future intentions to engage in additional cause-related activities are examined. Questionnaires were used to collect data at three separate and uniquely themed running events in support of charities tied to Alzheimer's disease, anaphylaxis,
and mental health. Results from the multiple regression analysis highlight the predictive importance of cause, social, and event theme as predictors of future intentions. The physical aspect of the event was an important factor in attracting participants to the event but not predictive of
future intentions to engage in additional charity-related activities.
Anisotropic Ejection from Active Asteroid P/2010 A2: An Implication of Impact Shattering on an Asteroid*
Authors: Kim Yoonyoung , Ishiguro Masateru , Michikami Tatsuhiro , Nakamura Akiko M.
Published: April 2017

We revisited a mass ejection phenomenon that occurred in asteroid P/2010 A2 in terms of the dynamical properties of the dust particles and large fragments. We constructed a model assuming anisotropic ejection within a solid cone-shaped jet and succeeded in reproducing the time-variant features in archival observational images over ∼3 years from 2010 January to 2012 October. We assumed that the dust particles and fragments were ejected in the same direction from a point where no object had been detected in any observations, and the anisotropic model explains all of the observations including (i) the unique dust cloud morphology, (ii) the trail surface brightness, and (iii) the motions of the fragments. Our results suggest that the original body was shattered by an impact with specific energy

J kg−1, and remnants of slow antipodal ejecta (i.e., anisotropic ejection in our model) were observed as P/2010 A2. The observed quantities are consistent with those obtained through laboratory impact experiments, supporting the idea that the P/2010 A2 event is the first evidence of the impact shattering that occurred in the present main asteroid belt.
A NuSTAR Observation of the Gamma-Ray Emitting Millisecond Pulsar PSR J1723–2837
Authors: Kong A. K. H. , Hui C. Y. , Takata J. , Li K. L. , Tam P. H. T.
Published: April 2017

We report on the first NuSTAR observation of the gamma-ray emitting millisecond pulsar binary PSR J1723–2837. X-ray radiation up to 79 keV is clearly detected, and the simultaneous NuSTAR and Swift spectrum is well described by an absorbed power law with a photon index of ∼1.3. We also find X-ray modulations in the 3–10, 10–20, 20–79, and 3–79 keV bands at the 14.8 hr binary orbital period. All of these are entirely consistent with previous X-ray observations below 10 keV. This new hard X-ray observation of PSR J1723–2837 provides strong evidence that the X-rays are from the intrabinary shock via an interaction between the pulsar wind and the outflow from the companion star. We discuss how the NuSTAR observation constrains the physical parameters of the intrabinary shock model.
Extended Gamma-Ray Emission from the G25.0+0.0 Region: A Star-forming Region Powered by the Newly Found OB Association?
Authors: Katsuta J. , Uchiyama Y. , Funk S.
Published: April 2017

We report a study of extended γ-ray emission with the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, which is likely to be the second case of a γ-ray detection from a star-forming region (SFR) in our Galaxy. The LAT source is located in the G25 region, 1.°7 × 2.°1 around (l, b) = (25.°0, 0.°0). The γ-ray emission is found to be composed of two extended sources and one pointlike source. The extended sources have similar sizes of about 1.°4 × 0.°6. An ∼0.°4 diameter subregion of one has a photon index of Γ = 1.53 ± 0.15, and is spatially coincident with HESS J1837−069, likely a pulsar wind nebula. The other parts of the extended sources have a photon index of Γ = 2.1 ± 0.2 without significant spectral curvature. Given their spatial and spectral properties, they have no clear associations with sources at other wavelengths. Their γ-ray properties are similar to those of the Cygnus cocoon SFR, the only firmly established γ-ray detection of an SFR in the Galaxy. Indeed, we find bubble-like structures of atomic and molecular gas in G25, which may be created by a putative OB association/cluster. The γ-ray emitting regions appear confined in the bubble-like structure; similar properties are also found in the Cygnus cocoon. In addition, using observations with the XMM-Newton, we find a candidate young massive OB association/cluster G25.18+0.26 in the G25 region. We propose that the extended γ-ray emission in G25 is associated with an SFR driven by G25.18+0.26. Based on this scenario, we discuss possible acceleration processes in the SFR and compare them with the Cygnus cocoon.
A Comparison of the Most Massive Quiescent Galaxies from z ∼ 3 to the Present: Slow Evolution in Size, and spheroid-dominated*
Authors: Patel Shannon G. , Hong Yu Xuan , Quadri Ryan F. , Holden Bradford P. , Williams Rik J.
Published: April 2017

We use Hubble Space Telescope imaging to study the structural properties of 10 of the most massive (

) quiescent galaxies (QGs) in the UKIDSS UDS at

. The low spatial density of these galaxies required targeted WFC3 H
160 imaging, as such systems are rare in existing surveys like CANDELS. We fit Sérsic models to the 2D light profiles and find that the median half-light radius is

, a factor of ∼3 smaller than QGs with similar masses at

. Complementing our sample with similarly massive QGs at lower redshifts, we find that the median size evolves as

(or alternatively,

). This rate of evolution is slower than that for lower mass QGs. When compared to low-redshift QGs, the axis ratio distribution for our high-redshift massive QG sample is most consistent with those in which spheroids are dominant. These observations point to earlier size growth among massive QGs that also resulted in spheroidal systems. Finally, we measured residual-corrected surface brightness profiles for our sample. These show that the Sérsic parameterization is generally representative out to several effective radii and does not miss excess low surface brightness light. The sizes inferred from the light profiles therefore confirm the compactness of these most massive high-redshift QGs.
Transient Cosmic-ray Events beyond the Heliopause: Interpreting Voyager-1 Observations
Authors: Kóta J. , Jokipii J. R.
Published: April 2017

In 2013 March and 2014 May, Voyager-1 (V1) experienced small but significant increases in the flux of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) in the hundred MeV/n range. Additionally, V1 also saw episodic depletion of GCR flux around perpendicular pitch angles. We discuss the pitch-angle distribution and the time profiles of these events. In a previous paper, we interpreted the 2013 “bump” as the GCRs remotely sensing a shock that reached the magnetic field line passing through V1: particles gained energy as they were reflected on the approaching region of the stronger magnetic field of the disturbance. Here, we point out that energy gain is not restricted to reflected particles—GCRs passing through the disturbance also gain energy. The effect should be present in a broad range of pitch angles with the maximum increase of GCR intensity predicted to occur at the critical reflection angle. In this paper, the shock is not step-like, but a gradual increase of the magnetic field strength, B, taking a few days, in agreement with V1 measurements. This smoothens the profile of the predicted bump in the GCR flux. We also address the linear episodic decreases seen around perpendicular pitch angles. These events are interpreted in terms of adiabatic cooling behind the shock due to the slow weakening of B. We present simple numerical model calculations and find that a gradual shock followed by a slow decrease of B, as observed, may account for both the episodic increases and the anisotropic depletion of GCR fluxes.
Le transfert, aux origines
Authors: Chabert Catherine
Published: April 2017

Les débuts de traitement d’adolescents ou de jeunes adultes confrontent à des éprouvés de transfert d’emblée fortement mobilisés. L’excitation pulsionnelle et l’ambivalence caractérisent la situation analytique et les résistances renforcées par la crainte de trahir les objets d’amour originaires. La cure d’un jeune homme obsessionnel de vingt-trois ans, et sa mise en perspective avec L’Homme aux rats soutiennent cette hypothèse.
Ouverture
Authors: Servant Benoît
Published: April 2017

L’auteur propose, avec le terme d’ouverture, d’axer sa réflexion (illustrée par deux vignettes) sur les conditions susceptibles de favoriser l’engagement de patients grands adolescents dans le travail psychothérapique. Pour parer à la crainte de la soumission d’un côté, à celle de perte d’identité de l’autre, l’ouverture de l’analyste à une certaine souplesse sur le cadre, dans le maintien de sa neutralité, permet de produire l’écart utile, tant du côté du patient que de l’analyste.
Discontinuités adolescentes
Authors: Giraut Xavier
Published: April 2017

L’adolescence, l’âge des possibles, s’inscrit dans le champ de la discontinuité dont la plus perceptible est corporelle. D’autres discontinuités – psychiques, familiales et environnementales –, sont propres à cet âge. Les traces des premières phases de développement vont faire écho à ces remaniements.
Le djihadisme à l’adolescence
Authors: Bertrand Michèle
Published: April 2017

Comment des adolescents élevés dans la culture européenne peuvent-ils s’engager dans le djihadisme terroriste ? En montrant le retour du théologico-politique et son effet potentiellement totalitaire, l’auteur montre l’articulation possible entre un mal-être dans la culture, dont il s’agit d’établir les traits spécifiques, et un mal-être personnel qui dérive dans la haine, et la destructivité.
La fascination pour l’islamisme
Authors: Guillou Julien
Published: April 2017

Ce texte cherche à discerner les conditions d’intelligibilité de l’émergence du fanatisme islamiste en Europe. La fascination exercée par l’islamisme sur le Vieux Continent désigne ici conjointement l’attraction pour le djihad et la cécité intellectuelle devant le phénomène. Ce symptôme du contemporain fait l’objet d’une interprétation axée sur les effets de « vérité historique » convoqués chez les peuples concernés, tout en interrogeant les enjeux posés au travail de culture des hommes.
Interactions avec la matière. La production du genre dans un tramway
Authors: Froidevaux Solène
Published: April 2017

Le genre s’exprime au quotidien à travers des interactions qui peuvent paraître anodines, comme celle de prendre le tramway et d’y rencontrer d’autres passagers et passagères. L’observation ethnographique de l’espace public a été fortement développée dans la perspective interactionniste, toutefois le rôle que jouent les objets en présence dans la structuration de l’action et la façon dont ils prennent part à la production d’une scénographie genrée de l’espace a été peu traitée comme telle en sociologie. Si les féministes matérialistes se sont intéressées à la matière, et plus précisément aux rapports matériels amenant à des rapports asymétriques entre femmes et hommes, leur perspective structuraliste a cependant partiellement occulté la question de la dynamique interactionnelle. Cet article propose de s’intéresser à cette dimension matérielle des interactions genrées à partir d’observations faites dans un transport public et ainsi de montrer l’apport que peut avoir une attention soutenue aux objets et à la ‘physicalité’ de l’espace pour la compréhension et l’analyse des interactions genrées du quotidien.
De la crisophilie à la crisophobie : à la recherche d’une organisation de la santé mentale
Authors: Veit Camille
Published: April 2017

Cet article interroge la place de la crise dans le paysage de la santé mentale, afin de soutenir sa fonction pour le sujet. Partant du distinguo entre les thérapeutiques crisophiles et crisophobes proposé par René Roussillon, nous nous intéressons à la place de la crise dans la médecine hippocratique, le magnétisme animal de Mesmer et enfin l’antipsychiatrie anglaise des années soixante. Parallèlement, l’évolution vers des techniques et traitements “para-crise” est ici lue comme production directe du paradigme de la santé mentale, vocable dont le caractère équivoque pose d’emblée les enjeux relatifs, notamment, à la place de la souffrance psychique dans les discours organisateurs du soin et plus largement dans le lien social contemporain.
Trois générations pour sortir de l’ombre
Authors: Dratwa-Krischek Chantal
Published: April 2017

La transmission intergénérationnelle, véhiculée par l’histoire familiale, permet de faire surgir, à chaque génération de l’inédit et de l’inattendu. Le traumatisme familial, en faisant taire l’histoire de la famille détruit ses potentialités créatrices en faisant de la transmission un système purement répétitif qui ne laisse plus de place au questionnement. Le temps, au lieu d’être un engendrement se mue en destin car l’histoire s’est réduite à sa dimension traumatique. Dans ce contexte, l’auteur décrit, au travers d’une élaboration conceptuelle illustrée par des cas cliniques, son chemin thérapeutique qui consiste en un remaillage collectif de l’histoire familiale. Le nouveau cadre proposé délimite un espace thérapeutique regroupant plusieurs générations.
Le roman de Jules
Authors: Tenenbaum-Recoing Jacqueline
Published: April 2017

Le « Roman de Jules » raconte la découverte, au fil des séances de psychanalyse, des conséquences à la suite d’un traumatisme initial – l’abandon par sa mère au cours de la première semaine de son existence – sur le cours de la vie d’adulte de Jules et ses rapports avec les femmes.
Traitement et guérison : d’une clinique idéaliste à une clinique pragmatique
Authors: Flémal Simon , Lammens Geoffrey
Published: April 2017

En quoi l’expérience clinique peut-elle nous enseigner sur ce qui distingue les notions de guérison et de traitement dans leur valeur d’outil au sein de la démarche thérapeutique ? En se basant sur les propositions théoriques développées par A. Zenoni à partir des enseignements de J. Lacan et de l’étude de cas d’une patiente hospitalisée sous contrainte, l’article met en évidence le caractère opérant, voire même nécessaire, d’une prise en charge qui ne s’oriente pas d’un idéal de guérison. Une conséquence majeure en découle sur le plan de la clinique : le passage d’une pratique idéaliste à une pratique pragmatique laissant une place à ce qui ne cesse pas de ne pas guérir pour chaque sujet.
La problématique syntaxique dans la description traditionnelle de la poésie tamoule classique
Authors: Chevillard Jean-Luc
Published: April 2017

La tradition grammaticale tamoule ancienne ne fait pas de distinction terminologique nette entre le mot individuel et les entités linguistiques de taille supérieure, que le français évoque au moyen de syntagme ou de phrase . Cela n’empêche pas, dans la pratique les grammairiens tamouls, de décrire avec précision la syntaxe tamoule ancienne, en utilisant des termes à « spectre métalinguistique large », tels que kiḷavi (ou col ), et en tirant parti, métalinguistiquement, de la souplesse formulaire que permet l’utilisation du « verbe de citation » eṉṟal , de variables déictiques et du verbe ceytal « faire ». Cet article examine en détails quelques exemples, extraits du vaste corpus grammatical tamoul traditionnel, en les replaçant dans le contexte intellectuel de ce que l’on peut appeler « l’aire métalinguistique indienne », où cette littérature technique cohabite depuis longtemps avec la littérature grammaticale sanskrite.
Freine et braque (.) >maint’nant <. Temps interactionnel et deixis temporelle
Authors: Mondada Lorenza
Published: April 2017

Alors que la deixis spatiale a abondamment fait l’objet d’études multimodales en interaction, la deixis temporelle reste sous-étudiée de ce point de vue. Dans la perspective de l’analyse conversationnelle multimodale, cet article étudie le déictique maintenant , en considérant non seulement sa référence temporelle mais aussi la manière dont la temporalité du tour de parole, des conduites incarnées et de l’action émergente affecte sa forme, sa position séquentielle et sa valeur. Pour ce faire, un corpus particulier est considéré – des enregistrements vidéo de sessions où un coach instruit un pilote sur un circuit de course – caractérisé par la mobilité et la vitesse. Dans ce contexte, maintenant peut renvoyer très précisément à l’instant de sa production, au sein d’une Gestalt multimodale dont nous montrons l’organisation systématique. Ce que nous appelons le temps interactionnel a des conséquences importantes pour la conceptualisation de la temporalité de la grammaire en action.
Multidimensionnalité, indexicalité et temporalité(s) : le cas de tout à l’heure
Authors: Ticca Anna Claudia , Traverso Véronique , Ursi Biagio
Published: April 2017

Dans cette contribution, nous nous attachons à la description de la locution temporelle tout à l’heure dans une approche séquentielle multimodale, à partir d’un corpus audiovisuel de visites guidées. L’analyse se base sur la recherche d’indicateurs de différentes modalités, organisés en configurations séquentielles multimodales récurrentes, qui contribuent à spécifier la référence de la locution. Nous dégageons trois catégories : annonce, « transiteur » et parenthétique.
La circulation des officiers de finances dans l’État bourguignon (milieu xiv e -fin xv e siècle)
Authors: Santamaria Jean-Baptiste
Published: April 2017

Le rassemblement de nombreuses principautés au sein de l’État bourguignon, les liens entretenus par les ducs Valois avec la monarchie et les pratiques ambulatoires de la cour ont fortement accéléré un phénomène déjà attesté à la fin du xiii e siècle : la mobilité des officiers de finances. Trésoriers, receveurs, maîtres des comptes recrutés au sein du clergé, des bourgeoisies urbaines et des milieux bureaucratiques ont le plus souvent, pour faire carrière, dû abandonner un cadre strictement local, sauf à demeurer dans des offices domaniaux de faible envergure. Si l’enracinement d’institutions centrales a favorisé de nouvelles implantations dans des « capitales » comme Dijon et Lille, les grandes villes essentielles au fonctionnement des finances princières comme Bruges ont également attiré leur lot de financiers avides d’adopter les modes de résidence et de consommation artistique des élites urbaines et curiales, quitte à s’exposer en 1477 à un retour de flammes dans le mouvement de contestation de la centralisation opérée par Charles le Téméraire. Reste que la volonté d’ancrer leur famille dans une terre, condition d’accès à la noblesse, a souvent poussé les plus hauts officiers de finances à maintenir leurs attaches dans leur territoire d’origine, s’inscrivant dans un jeu complexe entre global et local.
Fleuves et canaux dans la zone franco-belge entre 1814 et 1914 : vers une redéfinition des espaces ?
Authors: Tilly Pierre
Published: April 2017

Cet article analyse les relations économiques entre les voies fluviales et navigables et les frontières sur l’espace franco-belge au cours du long xix e siècle. Alors que le développement de la navigation intérieure côté belge loin de redéfinir la situation contribue au contraire à la figer par une politique peu structurée et coordonnée par les pouvoirs publics, le cas de la France est fondamentalement différent. Une politique publique et un système complet de communications par eau se déploient dès l’Ancien Régime. C’est aussi la concurrence féroce entre le chemin de fer et la batellerie, divisant au passage les milieux industriels et privilégiant la dominante nationale et l’expression des intérêts particuliers, qui ruine les espoirs et projets de coopération destinés à dépasser les frontières tout en favorisant une intégration nationale et internationale en matière de transport. Des choix historiques qui pèsent lourd aujourd’hui encore en regard des enjeux du Marché unique européen.
L’affirmation de la recherche publiée et ses enjeux chez les universitaires : l’exemple de la faculté des lettres de Lille (1887-1914)
Authors: Condette Jean-François
Published: April 2017

Dans les facultés des lettres, entre 1880 et 1914, la recherche scientifique s’affirme progressivement et l’activité de publication devient très importante pour les enseignants-chercheurs. On publie davantage mais on publie aussi différemment. Si le prestige des grandes maisons d’édition parisiennes demeure intact, la multiplication des revues apparaît comme l’un des éléments moteurs de cette affirmation de la recherche scientifique que l’on retrouve à la faculté des lettres de Lille. Dans les carrières universitaires, le poids de la recherche se renforce de manière considérable. La thèse de doctorat se transforme en une difficile épreuve scientifique alors qu’il est de plus en plus nécessaire, dans la course aux places, de disposer de publications nombreuses et reconnues.
La comptabilité et l’expertise à l’origine d’un empire industriel : Marcel Boussac et la contribution extraordinaire sur les bénéfices de guerre (1916-1928)
Authors: Touchelay Béatrice , McWatters Cheryl Susan
Published: April 2017

Issu d’une modeste famille d’industriels du textile, et non pas des grandes dynasties nordistes, normandes ou alsaciennes et restant un peu en marge du grand patronat textile de son temps, Marcel Boussac bâtit rapidement un solide empire industriel à partir de la première guerre mondiale. Il s’impose alors comme un fournisseur incontournable de tissus de l’Armée puis se trouve à la tête d’un ensemble de sociétés intégrées au Comptoir industriel du coton, société anonyme dont il est administrateur et actionnaire majoritaire et qui maîtrise toute la filière textile. Dès la fin de la guerre, Marcel Boussac diversifie ses participations et ses affaires connaissent une success story à la française pendant plus de quarante ans. L’examen des archives Boussac conservées aux Archives nationales du Monde du Travail (ANMT) de Roubaix (France, 59) permet de mieux connaître la période de fondation de cet empire. Il en éclaire des aspects inédits si l’on chausse les lunettes du comptable ou du contrôleur du fisc. Cet examen informe alors sur la façon dont Marcel Boussac s’est adapté à la révolution fiscale que représente le vote de l’impôt sur le revenu en juillet 1914 puis surtout la loi du 1 er juillet 1916 sur la contribution extraordinaire sur les bénéfices de guerre. Le souci de réduire le montant de cette contribution le pousse à développer ses services comptables et à consulter un conseiller juridique de renom pour se défendre contre la gourmandise du fisc. Ses contentieux seront tranchés par le Conseil d’État. Fort de cette expérience, le groupe continue de définir sa stratégie en tenant compte des transformations du régime fiscal : pour échapper à la taxe sur le chiffre d’affaires introduite en 1920, il adopte une structure intégrée. L’une des plus grosses fortunes françaises des années 1950-1970 s’est donc construite en pratiquant l’optimisation fiscale avant que ses pratiques soient généralisées.
Managing the risks: An analysis of bird strike reporting at Part 139 Airports in Indiana 2001-2014
Authors: Mendonca Flavio , Keller Julius , Wang Yu
Published: April 2017

Purpose: The purpose of the current study was fourfold: to identify bird strike reporting trends at Part 139 airports in Indiana (2001-2014) for comparison to national data; to determine which quarter of the year yields the most bird strike data; to gain a clearer understanding of the relationship between altitude and bird strikes, and to develop information based upon the data analyzed that can be used for the safety management of birds including comparisons to national data. Design/methodology: The researchers in this study answered the research questions by reviewing, sorting, and analyzing existing data.  The data collection took place from March 01 to May 02, 2016. Two data sets were utilized for data collection. The National Wildlife Strike Database (NWSD) and the FAA Air Traffic Activity System (ATADS).Findings: When compared to national data, Indiana Part 139 airports have seen a faster increase in bird strike reporting during 2012 and 2014. Aggregate data indicated June through September (Quarter 3) had a significantly higher frequency of bird strikes reported.  When examining bird strikes and altitude of occurrences, the exponential equation explained 95 % of the variation in number of strikes by 1,000-foot intervals from 1000 to 10,000 feet. Not surprisingly, the risk of bird strikes appears to decrease as altitude increases.Originality/value: This study adds to the body of knowledge by addressing the lack of published bird strike report analyses at a regional level.  It also connects data analyses to safety management system (SMS) concepts and Wildlife Hazards Management Programs (WHMP). The aviation community can use regional bird strike data and information to develop or enhance existing wildlife hazard management programs, increase pilot awareness, and offers airport managerial implications.
Galectin-3: A Positive Regulator of Leukocyte Recruitment in the Inflamed Microcirculation
Authors: Gittens Beatrice R. , Bodkin Jennifer V. , Nourshargh Sussan , Perretti Mauro , Cooper Dianne
Published: April 2017

In vivo and ex vivo imaging were used to investigate the function of galectin-3 (Gal-3) during the process of leukocyte recruitment to the inflamed microcirculation. The cremasteric microcirculation of wild-type (C57BL/6), Gal-3−/−, and CX3CR1gfp/+ mice were assessed by intravital microscopy after PBS, IL-1β, TNF-α, or recombinant Gal-3 treatment. These cellular responses were investigated further using flow-chamber assays, confocal microscopy, flow cytometry, PCR analysis, and proteome array. We show that mechanisms mediating leukocyte slow rolling and emigration are impaired in Gal-3−/− mice, which could be because of impaired expression of cell adhesion molecules and an altered cell surface glycoproteome. Local (intrascrotal) administration of recombinant Gal-3 to wild-type mice resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in rolling velocity associated with increased numbers of adherent and emigrated leukocytes, ∼50% of which were Ly6G+ neutrophils. Intrascrotal administration of Gal-3 to CX3CR1gfp/+ mice confirmed that approximately equal numbers of monocytes are also recruited in response to this lectin. Exogenous Gal-3 treatment was accompanied by increased proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines within the local tissue. In conclusion, this study unveils novel biology for both exogenous and endogenous Gal-3 in promoting leukocyte recruitment during acute inflammation.
Mechanisms That Shape Human Antibody Repertoire Development in Mice Transgenic for Human Ig H and L Chain Loci
Authors: Longo Nancy S. , Rogosch Tobias , Zemlin Michael , Zouali Moncef , Lipsky Peter E.
Published: April 2017

To determine the impact of the milieu on the development of the human B cell repertoire, we carried out a comprehensive analysis of productive and nonproductive Ig gene rearrangements from transgenic mice engineered to express single copies of the unrearranged human H chain and L chain Ig gene loci. By examining the nonproductive repertoire as an indication of the immediate product of the rearrangement machinery without an impact of selection, we discovered that the distribution of human rearrangements arising in the mouse was generally comparable to that seen in humans. However, differences between the distribution of nonproductive and productive rearrangements that reflect the impact of selection suggested species-specific selection played a role in shaping the respective repertoires. Although expression of some VH genes was similar in mouse and human (IGHV3-23, IGHV3-30, and IGHV4-59), other genes behaved differently (IGHV3-33, IGHV3-48, IGHV4-31, IGHV4-34, and IGHV1-18). Gene selection differences were also noted in L chains. Notably, nonproductive human VH rearrangements in the transgenic mice expressed shorter CDRH3 with less N addition. Even the CDRH3s in the productive rearrangements were shorter in length than those of the normal human productive repertoire. Amino acids in the CDRH3s in both species showed positive selection of tyrosines and glycines, and negative selection of leucines. The data indicate that the environment in which B cells develop can affect the expressed Ig repertoire by exerting influences on the distribution of expressed VH and VL genes and by influencing the amino acid composition of the Ag binding site.