bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ética das pesquisas envolvendo pessoas com transtornos mentais maiores
Authors: Bonella Alcino Eduardo , Almeida Gabriela Franco de , Almada Leonardo Ferreira
Published: April 2021

Este trabalho tem como objetivo examinar conceitualmente e de modo razoavelmente bem-informado cientificamente, a inter-relação entre vulnerabilidade mental e capacidade de decisão racional e autônoma, apresentando aspectos bioéticos relevantes, com base neste exame, mas, também, em princípios éticos consolidados, para se refletir e deliberar sobre a pertinência de pesquisas com pessoas acometidas por transtornos mentais maiores, em psiquiatria, psicologia e neurociências em geral. Depois de destacar aspectos éticos gerais da ética em pesquisa com seres humanos, o artigo examina se indivíduos com transtornos mentais maiores, a exemplo do transtorno depressivo maior, podem ser considerados efetivamente racionais, autônomos e responsáveis, se são dotados de autonomia responsável racional. Por fim, destacamos aspectos bioéticos relacionados à vulnerabilidade e racionalidade prática relacionados ao tema. Os vários aspectos teóricos e práticos destacados aqui nos parecem cruciais, e sugerem o esboço de questões e conceitos que precisam ser melhor aprofundados pelas neurociências da ética e pela ética das neurociências.
Apresentação
Authors: Dall'Agnol Darlei , Debona Vilmar
Published: April 2021

Apresentação do Dossiê Neuroética e do Fluxo Contínuo do Vol. 20, N. 1 (2021).
Phases of psychological response in COVID-19: A preliminary heuristic
Authors: Everly Jr, PhD George S. , Wu, MD, MPH Albert W. , Potash, MD, MPH James B.
Published: April 2021

Objective: To explore the putative phases of the psychological response to disaster: preimpact, impact, heroic, honeymoon, disillusionment, and recovery, and make recommendations for corresponding interventions.Conclusions: Disasters such as the COVID-19 pandemic are often characterized by chaos and uncertainty. As a result, public health disaster planning and response represent formidable challenges. Although disasters can result from a wide array of hazards, regardless of the agent at work, they may follow a rather predictable trajectory of psychological phases. A heuristic of those phases can provide an opportunity for a more organized disaster mental health response and more efficient utilization of scarce resources.
Pathophysiology of streptokinase-induced hypotension in acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review of clinical evidence
Authors: Khalid Karniza , Elina Ahmad Raja , Y.H. Tong Alwin , Yee Lui Sze , Zainol Abidin Ida Zaliza
Published: April 2021

Introduction

Despite the common occurrence of streptokinase-induced hypotension among patients with acute myocardial infarction, the underlying pathophysiology remains obscure and poorly understood. Our study aimed to pool clinical evidence on the potential mechanism of streptokinase-induced hypotension through a systematic review of the literature.

Material and methods

We conducted literature search from Medline, Scopus and Web of Science on clinical studies related to streptokinase-induced hypotension.

Results

Our search yielded 972 citations. After removal of duplicates, 878 articles were screened for eligibility, of which 856 papers were excluded due to various reasons. Of the remaining 22 articles retrieved with full texts, eight relevant articles were selected for final analysis. Three themes emerged as the proposed mechanisms of streptokinase-induced hypotension, including (i) reduction in total peripheral resistance, (ii) complement activation, and (iii) dismissal of hypotheses involving other intermediaries.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that the underlying mechanism of streptokinase-induced hypotension lies primarily in the reduction in total peripheral resistance.
Preoperative clinical and renal ultrasonography variables associated with improved systolic and diastolic blood pressure reduction after renal artery stenting
Authors: Kabłak-Ziembicka Anna , Rosławiecka Agnieszka , Badacz Rafał , Sokołowski Andrzej , Rzeźnik Daniel , Pieniążek Piotr , Legutko Jacek , Żmudka Krzysztof , Przewłocki Tadeusz
Published: April 2021

Introduction

Response to stent-assisted angioplasty (PTA) in hypertensive patients with atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS) is unpredictable. Therefore, the present study aimed to search for preoperative clinical and renal ultrasonography variables associated with systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) reduction.

Material and methods

Preoperative clinical assessment and renal ultrasonography were performed in 202 patients who underwent PTA for ARAS (2003–2018). Patients were categorized as responders if decrease of SBP of at least 20mmHg or DBP of 5mmHg was achieved. Logistic regression models, with percentage shares, were evaluated by basic decision characteristics for ultrasonographic and clinical variables.

Results

Logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative SBP ≥145mmHg (OR,20.0 [95%CI 8.67–46.2], p<0.001), (2) baseline DBP >82 mmHg (OR,3.46 [95%CI 1.61–7.42], p=0.001), (3) prior myocardial infarction (OR,3.14 [95%CI 1.09–9.0], p=0.033), and (4) Renal-Aortic-Ratio >5.1 (OR,2.67 [95%CI 1.20-6.0], p=0.016) predicted the SBP response, with respective influence shares of 69.8%; 12.1%; 10.9%; and 7.2%.
The DBP response was associated with (1) baseline SBP >145mmHg (OR,3.79 [95%CI 1.87–7.70], p<0.001), (2) baseline DBP >82mmHg (OR,6.09 [95%CI 2.88–12.9], p<0.001), (3) ARAS progression (OR,0.32 [95%CI 0.09–1.07], p=0.062), (4) contralateral kidney length>106mm (OR,0.43 [95%CI 0.22–0.86], p=0.017), and (5) bilateral PTA (OR,2.39 [95%CI 1.08–5.27], p=0.03), with respective shares of 21.8%; 35.0%; 18.2%; 13.3% and 11.8%.

Conclusions

Current study identified clinical and ultrasonographic characteristics of patients who are likely to respond to PTA for ARAS. The RAR and contralateral kidney size may enhance prediction of response likelihood.
Clinical manifestations of Whipple’s disease mimicking rheumatic disorders
Authors: J. Kucharz Eugeniusz , Kramza Justyna , Grosicka Anida , Pieczyrak Robert
Published: April 2021

Whipple’s disease is a rare, chronic, systemic disorder caused by Tropheryma whipplei infection. The most common symptoms are weight loss, arthralgia, diarrhea and abdominal pain. Other organ involvement can also occur in the patients. Joint manifestations may mimic rheumatoid arthritis or spondyloarthritis. Arthalgia, arthritis, spondylodiscitis, bursitis and/or tenosynovitis are seen in the majority of the patients. This explains why some of the symptoms are misdiagnosed as those of rheumatic diseases. Understanding of Whipple’s disease is important for differential diagnostics of several rheumatic symptoms.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI PENAWARAN CABAI RAWIT DI KECAMATAN KOLAKA KABUPATEN KOLAKA (Studi di Pasar Raya Mekongga)
Authors: Haerunianti Haerunianti , Tabia La Aman
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yangmemengaruhi penawaran cabai rawit di Kecamatan Kolaka KabupatenKolaka (Studi di Pasar Raya Mekongga). Sampel yang digunakanadalah Sampling Jenuh (sensus) sebanyak 43 pedagang cabai rawitdengan metode analisis persamaan regresi linear bergandamenggunakan program SPSS versi 22, menunjukkan bahwa terdapathubungan dan pengaruh positif yang kuat. Bahwa secara simultandengan tingkat kepercayaan 90% (a = 0,1) faktor yang memengaruhiharga jual cabai rawit, harga cabai besar, harga cabai keriting, hargamerica dan modal berpengaruh terhadap jumlah penawaran cabai rawitdi Pasar Raya Mekongga Kabupaten Kolaka.Kata Kunci : Faktor, Penawaran, Cabai rawit
Aspectos epidemiológicos dos pacientes com polineuropatia no Distrito Federal
Authors: Rodrigues da Cunha Alves Bento Oliveira Dayanne , Gregório Gomes Diniz Michel , Barbosa Gouveia Ana Luisa , De Andrade Seguti Ferreira Ana Luisa , Vieira Jardim João Pedro , Araújo Carvalho Bertoldo Maria Eva , Resende da Costa Paiva Caio , Patrana Ramos de Freitas Juliana , Seguti Ferreira Lisiane , Nelson Morato Soares Rubens , Spinola Costa da Cunha Natalia , Cortez Grippe Talyta
Published: April 2021

Introdução: As polineuropatias (PNP) consistem no comprometimento difuso e simétrico dos nervos periféricos, em diferentes graus e de etiologia variável. O diagnóstico é clínico, corroborado por estudo eletrofisiológico. Objetivo: Apresentar os aspectos epidemiológicos e clínicos das PNP, documentadas por eletroneuromiografia (ENMG) no Distrito Federal. Métodos: Estudo observacional, descritivo, transversal, com amostra selecionada a partir de exames de ENMG realizados entre Abril/2007 e Março/2019 no único hospital público do Distrito Federal que realizava o exame no período. Foram elegidos pacientes com exames de ENMG que se enquadravam nos critérios de PNP, conforme Associação Médico Brasileira e Conselho Federal de Medicina. Em seguida, realizada revisão de prontuário para identificação de dados clínico-epidemiológicos. Resultados. A amostra consta de 877 pacientes selecionados, sendo 63% do sexo masculino e 37% sexo feminino. A idade dos pacientes variou entre 1 a 90 anos, com média de 49,4 anos. Em relação ao tipo de PNP, 58,1% dos pacientes foram definidos como axonal, 24,7% como desmielinizantes, 16,4% como mistas e, em 0,8% não foi possível definir o tipo de lesão. No que tange a etiologia, 17,4% apresentavam o diagnóstico de diabetes 16,3% Síndrome de Guillain-Barré, 6,4% etilismo, 3,7% hanseníase, 2,1% neoplasia e/ou tratamento quimioterápico e, 54% não tiveram etiologia definida a partir da avaliação do prontuário. Conclusão: Esta é a maior casuística nacional de PNP, o que permite desenhar o panorama das PNP no DF. Com isto, será possível o planejamento de práticas clínicas e o desenho a nível estadual e nacional de políticas específicas para o diagnóstico e tratamento adequado.
Rare Autoinflammatory Diseases: A Single Center Experience of 47 Patients
Authors: Taşkın Sema Nur , Paç Kısaarslan Ayşenur , Özdemir Çiçek Sümeyra , Şahin Nihal , Doğantan Şeyda , Poyrazoğlu M. Hakan , Düşünsel Ruhan
Published: April 2021

Autoinflammatory diseases include a group disease characterized by recurrent systemic inflammatory attacks due to failure in the regulation of the innate immune system. The beginning time of autoinflammatory disease are the most commonly in childhood. Autoinflammatory disease which having different clinical forms are rare, therefore diagnosis is often delayed. To determine the clinical, laboratory and radiological characteristics of children with rare autoinflammatory diseases and in which patients to consider autoinflammatory disease. Forty seven patients diagnosed with rare autoinflammatory diseases between 2010 and 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Demographic characteristics, clinical courses, laboratory and imaging findings of the patients were recorded. Forty-seven with rare autoinflammatory patients evaluated. Twenty-three patients had Chronic Nonbacterial Osteomyelitis (CNO), seven patients had Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency (MKD), six patients had Blau Syndrome / Early-Onset Sarcoidosis (BS/EOS) Syndrome, three patients had Cryopyrin-associated periodic fever syndrome (CAPS), three patients had Autoinflammatory Vasculitis, one patient had Sideroblastic anemia with B-cell immunodeficiency, periodic fevers, and developmental delay (SIFD) syndrome, one patient had Neonatal Onset Pancytopenia, Autoinflammation, Rash and Episodic HLH (NOARCH) syndrome. Three of our patients were being followed up with a diagnosis of undiferantiated systemic autoinflammatory disease (uSAID).Autoinflammatory diseases may have different presentations. Steril and recurrent inflammation should be warning clinicians.
Hereditary Red Blood Cell Enzymopathies
Authors: Aksu Tekin
Published: April 2021

Red cell metabolic disturbances result in hemolysis, which leads to a significant shortening of the erythrocyte life span. The most common enzyme deficiencies are glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) in the antioxidant pathway, pyruvate kinase in the anaerobic glycolysis pathway, and pyrimidine 5’ nucleotidase (P5’N) in the nucleotide metabolism. While the X chromosome inherits G6PD and phosphoglycerate kinase deficiencies, other enzymopathies show autosomal recessive inheritance. Although the causes of hereditary hemolytic disorders are diverse, clinical, laboratory findings and complications overlap. A history of neonatal jaundice requiring phototherapy and exchange transfusion is quite usual. Mild to severe anemia may be accompanied with episodic or constant hemolysis associated with icterus, hyperbilirubinemia, growth retardation, gallstones, splenomegaly, and a variable degree of iron overload. Erythrocyte enzyme disorders should be suspected in patients with severe hemolytic episodes, or chronic hemolysis, after excluding hemoglobinopathies, membranopathies, and immune-mediated hemolysis.
BRONQUIOLITIS OBLITERANTE SECUNDARIA A SINDROME DE STEVENS-JOHNSON. PRESENTACION DE 2 CASOS Y REVISION DE LA LITERATURA
Authors: Maggiolo M Julio , Rubilar O Lilian
Published: April 2021

El síndrome de Stevens-Johnson corresponde a una respuesta de hipersensibilidad producida por diversas etiologías, que incluyen exposición a drogas, agentes microbianos o idiopática. Se manifiesta por una erupción vesículo-bulosa aguda, que afecta la piel y las mucosas, con manifestaciones sistémicas de severidad variable, pudiendo presentar una evolución fatal.El síndrome de Stevens-Johnson puede presentar ocasionalmente complicaciones pulmonares crónicas, como bronquiolitis obliterante, siendo en nuestro medio más frecuente otras etiologías, como la observada luego de una neumonía grave por adenovirus.El objetivo es presentar dos casos de bronquiolitis obliterante post síndrome de Stevens-Johnson y hacer una revisión de la literatura.
Analysis Of The Influence Of Customer Satisfaction On Sharia Banking Peroformance In Bogor City
Authors: Arfiana Burhan R Dina , Najib Muhammad , Endri Endri
Published: April 2021

The development of Islamic banking is very rapid, causing competition between Islamic and conventional banking. Improving the quality of services and products makes the main point in providing customer satisfaction. This study aims to analyze the influence of service quality, product quality, and price with customer satisfaction at Islamic commercial banks in the city of Bogor. This study uses SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) to determine the level of influence of the relationship between customer satisfaction with service quality, product quality and price. This study used a sample of 100 respondents with qualifications of 81 men and 19 women and used a descriptive approach. The results of this study are the level of customer satisfaction with prices reaching 2.49, besides that the level of customer satisfaction with products is 2.91, and the level of customer satisfaction with service quality is 2.84. These results prove that customer satisfaction is strongly influenced by the price, products, and quality of services provided by Islamic banking.
Strenghening The Management Of Academic Quality At Primary And Medium Education In The Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hadi Purnomo M
Published: April 2021

This paper discusses about strengthening the management of academic quality. Oneof the educational problems faced by the Indonesian, these are the low quality ofeducation at every level and unit of educations, especially at primary and mediumeducation. The various attempts have to improve the quality of national education,for instance: developing national or local curricula, increasing teacher’scompetences through training, procuring books and learning tools, improvingeducational facilities, infrastructures, and improving the quality of the school’smanagement. However, the indicators of the education’s quality do not show thesignificant improvement. Some schools, especially in cities show the quite encourageimprovements in the quality of education. But, part of them is still apprehensive,especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The teachers and education’smanagement have experiencesin many things.
E-Learning Proposal System in Public Secondary School Learning
Authors: Damuri Amat , Isnain Nasrulloh , Rahmatika Rahmatika , Priyatama Abednego , Irawan Chandra Yudi , Syah Putra Arman
Published: April 2021

Abstract

The background of this research is to know how the e-learning system in the teaching and learning system at the public high school level, because the Covid 19 pandemic still allows us to learn online at home, with the e-learning system, the learning system can be very effective. remotely, because this research this time will discuss how a good system is applied to the learning process with an e-learning system. The method used in this research is to use the literature review method by referring to previously published books and journals, with the existence of books and journals that discuss this research before, it is certain that this research will produce the latest research and can become the basis for future research. . There are many remote learning method systems during the Covid 19 pandemic, with this remote learning system, the spread of the Corona virus will be greatly reduced, because students do not meet in person and cannot spread directly through physical contact, with the distance learning method. the teaching and learning system continues even though the Covid 19 pandemic spreads. In this research, we will produce a system proposal that will be the basis for the development of distance teaching and learning methods, using e-learning media at an educational level, namely public high schools with a proposed system, so it can be the best suggestion in the future. thiscovid 19 pandemic.

Keyword: E-learning, Learning, High School, Online.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO STRATEGIC SOURCING PARA O PROCESSO DE COMPRAS SPOT
Authors: De Souza Silva Adriano , Ramos Gomes Rickardo Léo
Published: April 2021

Com o mercado cada vez mais competitivo e a busca incessante de ganhos financeiros e redução de custos, a área de Suprimentos deixou de ser apenas uma área de suporte aos negócios e passou a fazer um papel fundamental na cadeia de Supply Chain. O objetivo geral desta pesquisa é demonstrar a importância da estratégia para as compras esporádicas definindo os principais parâmetros para condução do processo de sourcing bem como as práticas utilizadas no mercado. Os objetivos específicos são os seguintes: Discorrer sobre Strategic Sourcing; Definir compras spot e explicar como se dá a abordagem de compras. A metodologia, empregada no desenvolvimento deste artigo, levou em consideração, os aportes bibliográficos pesquisados, da onde foram retiradas várias contribuições de atores que fundamentaram esta pesquisa. Na definição de compra spot foram considerados todos os itens que não estão, diretamente, ligados à cadeia produtiva e esses itens são organizados por categorias que no montante geram valor considerável para uma negociação robusta. Além disso, evidenciou-se que, ao organizar esse processo, é possível melhorar os ganhos financeiros e aumentar o controle de qualidade junto aos fornecedores, além de garantir um melhor acompanhamento da cadeia e resguardar as entregas por meio de acordos de compras. Ao final da pesquisa demonstrou-se que o objetivo a ser atingido, sem dúvida é a redução de custos e do processo envolvido, especificamente, demonstrando as atividades que devem ser padronizadas e transparentes afim de estabelecer uma melhor relação com as áreas que demandam as necessidades para a área de suprimentos.
THE POSSIBILITY OF USING LIGANDS AND THEIR RECRPTORS IN THE BLOOD FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, Murashko D. I. , Tahanovich A. D. ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: April 2021

Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant neoplasms. Most of the morbidity structure belongs to non-small cell lung cancer. (NSCLC). The prognosis of survival for a given disease depends on the stage of the disease at the time of the first condition. Currently, computed tomography and histological examination of tumor tissue are mainly used to diagnose this disease. However, these methods require special technical equipment and highly qualified specialists. For this reason, early diagnosis of the disease is difficult. This prompts the search for available and informative biochemical parameters that have pathogenetic significance, which would make it possible to judge the presence and extent of the malignant process already in the early stages of the disease. The aim of this work is to substantiate the feasibility of experimental study of receptors of immunocompetent cells and their ligands as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer.
CHONDRO-OSSEUS RESPIRATORY EPITHELIAL ADENOMATOID HAMARTOMA. CLINICAL CASE
Authors: Hreben M. , Yaromenka Yu. , Mohammadi M. T. , Delianova A. , Harnastay I.
Published: April 2021

Hamartomas of sinonasal tract are a very rare and poorly studied phenomenon, even within the framework of world medicine. In the classification of tumors of the head and neck according to the WHO, in the section of nasal papillomas, only respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma is mentioned, there is no information about the other types of nasal hamartomas. The peculiarity of this clinical case is the difficulty in verifying the type of hamartoma of the sinonasal tract (respiratory epithelial adenomatoid, seromucinous, chondromesenchymal or chondro-osseous respiratory epithelial adenomatoid), respectively, and in determining the tactics of subsequent treatment, due to the rarity of this type in the world and the possibility of malignant transformation. A 15-year-old patient was diagnosed with chondro-osseous respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartoma. According to the literature, only 12 such clinical cases were recorded in the world. The absence of specific radiological and laboratory markers, the clinical picture of the disease similar to other diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses - all this complicates early diagnosis, and emphasizes the need to include this type of neoplasm in the differential diagnostic range in children and adults with masses of the nasal cavity.
GENETIC MARKERS OF PHARMACORESISTANCE IN SCHIZOPHRENIA
Authors: Golubeva T. S. , Dokukina T. V. , Objedkov V. G. ,   Belarusian State Medical University, Osipchik S. I. , Korotkevich T. V. , Gilep A. A. , Gaidukevich I. V. , Bashko N. P. , Bokut O. S. , Moroz A. V. , Tarasevich A. B.
Published: April 2021

The study of genetic markers of pharmacoresistance in schizophrenia, significant for the population of the Republic of Belarus, such as polymorphisms CYP2D6*4, CYP2C19*2, CYP2C19*17, CYPU2*F, С3435Т MDR1, TaqI ANKK1, d019G mRM, Val158Met СОМТ, Val66Met BDNF, C957T DRD2 was implemented. The possibilities of their use in predicting an adverse pharmacological response were described. Data on the use of genetic markers to determine the tactics of treating patients with schizophrenia were obtained; the sensitivity and specificity of the pharmacogenetic test for each marker were calculated. Specific genetic markers, such as polymorphisms CYP2D6*4, CYP2C19*2, CYP2C19*17, CYP1A2*F, C3435T MDR1, TaqI ANKK1, have been identified, which should be preferred for inclusion in diagnostic panels when predicting an adverse pharmacological response in the treatment of schizophrenia.
Geochemical consequences of oxygen diffusion from the oceanic crust into overlying sediments and its significance for biogeochemical cycles based on sediments of the NE Pacific
Authors: Versteegh Gerard J. M. , Koschinsky Andrea , Kuhn Thomas , Preuss Inken , Kasten Sabine
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Exchange of dissolved substances at the sediment–water interface provides an important link between the short–term and long–term geochemical cycles in the ocean. A second, as yet poorly understood sediment–water exchange is supported by low–temperature circulation of seawater through the oceanic basement underneath the sediments. From the basement, upwards diffusing oxygen and other dissolved species modify the sediment whereas reaction products diffuse from the sediment down into the basement, where they are transported by the basement fluid and released to the ocean. Here, we investigate the impact of this “second” route with respect to transport, release and consumption of oxygen, nitrate, manganese, nickel, and cobalt on the basis of sediment cores retrieved from the Clarion Clipperton Zone (CCZ) in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. We show that in this abyssal ocean region characterised by low organic–carbon burial and sedimentation rates vast areas exist where the downward and upward directed diffusive fluxes of oxygen meet so that the sediments are oxic throughout. This is especially the case where sediments are thin or in the proximity of faults. Oxygen diffusing upward from the basaltic crust into the sediment contributes to the degradation of sedimentary organic matter. Where the oxygen profiles do not meet, they are separated by a suboxic sediment interval characterised by Mn2+ in the pore–water. Where the sediments are entirely oxic, nitrate produced in the upper sediment by nitrification is lost both by upward diffusion into the bottom water and by downward diffusion into the fluids circulating within the basement. Where pore–water manganese in the suboxic zones remains low, nitrate consumption is low and the sediment continues to deliver nitrate to the ocean bottom waters and basement fluid. We observe that at elevated pore–water manganese concentrations, nitrate consumption exceeds production and the basement becomes a nitrate source. Within the suboxic zone, not only manganese but also cobalt and nickel are released into the pore–water by reduction of oxides, diffuse towards the oxic/suboxic fronts above and below where they precipitate, effectively removing these metals from the suboxic zone and concentrating them at the oxic/suboxic redox boundaries. We show that not only diffusive fluxes in the top part of deep–sea sediments modify the geochemical composition over time, but also diffusive fluxes of dissolved constituents from the basement into the bottom layers of the sediment. Hence, paleoceanographic interpretation of sedimentary layers should carefully consider such deep secondary modifications in order to prevent misinterpretation as primary signatures.
Inter-annual variation of lake ice composition in European Arctic: observations based on high-resolution thermistor strings
Authors: Cheng Bin , Cheng Yubing , Vihma Timo , Kontu Anna , Zheng Fei , Lemmetyinen Juha , Qiu Yubao , Puliainen Jouni
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Climate change and global warming strongly impact the cryosphere. The rise of air temperature and change of precipitation patterns lead to dramatic responses of snow and ice heat and mass balance. Sustainable field observations on lake air-snow-ice-water temperature regime have been carried out in Lake Orajärvi in the vicinity of the Finnish Space Centre, a Flagship Supersite in Sodankylä in Finnish Lapland since 2009. A thermistor string-based snow and ice mass balance buoy called “Snow and ice mass balance apparatus (SIMBA)” was deployed in the lake at the beginning of each ice season. In this paper, we describe snow and ice temperature regimes, snow depth, ice thickness, and ice compositions retrieved from SIMBA observations as well as meteorological variables based on high-quality observations at the Finnish Space Centre. Ice thickness in Lake Orajärvi showed an increasing trend. During the decade of data collection: 1) The November-May mean air temperature had an increasing trend of 0.16º C/year, and the interannual variations were highly correlated (r = 0.93) with the total seasonal accumulated precipitation; 2) The maximum granular ice thickness ranged from 15 to 80 % of the maximum total ice thickness; 3) The snow depth on lake ice was not correlated (r = 0.21) with the total precipitation. The data set can be applied to investigate the lake ice surface heat balance and the role of snow on lake ice mass balance, and to improve the parameterization of snow to ice transformation in snow/ice models. The data are archived at https://zenodo.org/record/4559368#.YIKOOpAzZPZ (Cheng et al., 2021)
Topography based local spherical Voronoi grid refinement on classical and moist shallow-water finite volume models
Authors: Santos Luan F. , Peixoto Pedro S.
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Locally refined grids for global atmospheric models are attractive since they are expected to provide an alternative to solve local phenomena without the requirement of a global high-resolution uniform grid, whose computational cost may be prohibitive. The Spherical Centroidal Voronoi Tesselations (SCVT), as used in the atmospheric Model for Prediction Across Scales (MPAS), allows a flexible way to build and work with local refinement. Alongside, the Andes Range plays a key role in the South American weather, but it is hard to capture its fine structure dynamics in global models. This paper describes how to generate SCVT grids that are locally refined in South America and that also capture the sharp topography of the Andes Range by defining a density function based on topography and smoothing techniques. We investigate the use of the mimetic finite volume scheme employed in the MPAS dynamical core on this grid considering the non-linear classic and moist shallow-water equations on the sphere. We show that the local refinement, even with very smooth transitions from different resolutions, generates spurious numerical inertia-gravity waves that may even numerically de-stabilize the model. In the moist shallow-water model, where physical processes such as precipitation and cloud formation are included, our results show that the local refinement may generate spurious rain that is not observed in uniform resolution SCVT grids. Fortunately, the spurious waves originate from small-scale grid-related numerical errors and therefore can be mitigated using small amounts of numerical diffusion. We show that, in some cases, the clouds are better represented in a variable resolution grid when compared to a respective uniform resolution grid with the same number of cells, while in other cases, grid effects can deteriorate the cloud and rain representation.
Drought propagation and construction of a comprehensive drought index based on the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and empirical Kendall distribution function (KC′): a case study for the Jinta River basin in northwestern China
Authors: Liang Zheng , Su Xiaoling , Feng Kai
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Monitoring drought and mastering the laws of drought propagation are the basis for regional drought prevention and resistance. Multivariate drought indicators considering meteorological, agricultural and hydrological information may fully describe drought conditions. However, series of hydrological variables in cold and arid regions that are too short or missing make it difficult to monitor drought. This paper proposed a method
combining Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and empirical Kendall distribution function (KC′) for drought monitoring. The SWAT model, based on the principle of runoff formation, was used to simulate the hydrological variables of the drought evolution process. Three univariate drought indexes, namely meteorological drought (standardized precipitation
evapotranspiration index; SPEI), agricultural drought (standardized soil moisture index; SSI)
and hydrological drought (standardized streamflow drought index; SDI), were constructed using a parametric or non-parametric method to analyze the propagation time from meteorological drought to agricultural drought and hydrological drought. The KC′ was used to build a multivariable comprehensive meteorology–agriculture–hydrology drought index (MAHDI) that integrated meteorological, agricultural and hydrological drought to analyze the characteristics of a comprehensive drought evolution. The Jinta River in the inland basin of northwestern China was used as the study area. The results showed that agricultural and hydrological drought had a seasonal lag time from meteorological drought. The degree of drought in this basin was high in the northern and low in the southern regions. MAHDI proved to be acceptable in that it was consistent with historical drought records, could catch drought conditions characterized by univariate drought indexes, and capture the occurrence and end of droughts. Nevertheless, its ability to characterize mild and moderate droughts was stronger than severe droughts. In addition, the comprehensive drought conditions showed insignificant aggravating trends in spring and summer and showed insignificant alleviating trends in autumn and winter and at annual scales. The results provided theoretical support for the drought monitoring in the Jinta River basin. This method provided the possibility for drought monitoring in other watersheds lacking measured data.
Emplacement of “exotic” Zechstein slivers along the inverted Sontra Graben (northern Hessen, Germany): clues from balanced cross sections and geometrical forward modeling
Authors: Bolz Jakob , Kley Jonas
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Lens-shaped slivers of Permian (Zechstein) amid Triassic
units appearing along the master fault of the Sontra Graben in central
Germany on the southern margin of the Central European Basin System (CEBS)
were studied by means of detailed map analysis, a semi-quantitative forward
model, and two balanced cross sections. We show how partial reactivation of
the graben's main normal fault and shortcut thrusting in the footwall during
inversion, combined with a specific fault geometry involving flats in low-shear-strength horizons, can produce the observed slivers of “exotic”
Zechstein. This conceptual model implies that the Sontra Graben was created
by about 1200 m of extension followed by some 1000 m of contraction,
resulting in the few hundred meters of net extension observed today. Gentle
dips and comparatively extensive exposure of some slivers suggest they are
backthrust onto the reactivated normal fault's hanging wall,
an interpretation corroborated in one location by shallow drilling.
Backthrusting appears to have wedged some Zechstein slivers into incompetent
Triassic units of the hanging wall. Based on regional correlation, extension
most likely occurred in Late Triassic to Early Cretaceous time, while the
contraction is almost certainly of Late Cretaceous age. The main aim of this
paper is to describe an uncommon structural feature that we interpret to
originate from inversion tectonics in an evaporite-bearing succession with
multiple detachment horizons but without the presence of thick salt.
Observed wavenumber-frequency spectrum of global, normal mode function decomposed, fields: a possible evidence for nonlinear effects on the wave dynamics
Authors: Teruya André Seiji Wakate , Raphaldini Breno , Mayta Victor Chavez , Raupp Carlos Frederico Mendonça , da Silva Dias Pedro Leite
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The study of tropical tropospheric disturbances has led to important challenges from both observational and theoretical points of view. In particular, the observed wavenumber-frequency spectrum of tropical oscillations, also known as Wheeler-Kiladis diagram, has helped bridging the gap between observations and the linear theory of equatorial waves. Here we have obtained a similar wavenumber-frequency spectrum for each equatorial wave type by performing a normal mode function (NMF) decomposition of global Era-Interim reanalysis data, with the NMF basis being given by the eigensolutions of the primitive equations in spherical coordinates, linearized around a resting background state. In this methodology, the global multi-level horizontal velocity and geopotential height fields are projected onto the normal mode functions characterized by a vertical mode, a zonal wavenumber, a meridional quantum index and a mode type, namely Rossby, Kelvin, mixed Rossby-gravity and westward and eastward propagating inertio-gravity modes. The horizontal velocity and geopotential height fields associated with each mode type are then reconstructed on the physical space, and the corresponding wavenumber-frequency spectrum is calculated for the 200 hPa zonal wind. The results reveal some expected structures, such as the dominant global-scale Rossby and Kelvin waves constituting the intraseasonal frequency associated with the Madden-Julian Oscillation. On the other hand, some unexpected features such as westward propagating Kelvin waves and eastward propagating westward inertio-gravity waves are also revealed by our observed 200 hPa zonal wind spectrum. These intriguing behaviours represent a large departure from the linear equatorial wave theory and can be a result of strong nonlinearities in the wave dynamics.
Scatterplot Variations Seen in Malaria Using Automated Hematological Analyzers: A Series of Ten Cases
Authors: Juthani Ronit , Gupta Tavish , Basu Debdatta
Published: April 2021

Background: Malaria is a major health problem in India. Complete blood count and peripheral blood smear (PBS) is important for its diagnosis. Inter observer variation makes PBS fallible. Rapid diagnostic tests cannot detect low parasitemia and mixed infections. Scatterplot from automated analyzers have shown variations previously which might be exploited.

Methods: Scatterplot patterns of ten samples of confirmed malaria and 100 control samples were derived and other infections ruled out by culture and serology as a part of descriptive study between July and August 2018. Each malarial scatterplot was compared with the control pattern for abnormalities and their frequency noted.

Results: All the ten samples belonged to Plasmodium vivax species. Abnormalities detected included split in neutrophilic region, eosinophil-neutrophil merge, neutrophil graying, lymphopenia, ghost red blood cells (RBC), eosinophil split, reactive lymphocytes, monocytosis, pseudoeosinophilia, neutrophilic leukocytosis

Conclusion: Variations in scatterplot patterns are seen in malaria and provide clues to the diagnosis of malaria.
Afghanistan COVID-19 Governmental Response
Authors: Abdellatif Omar S. , Behbehani Ali
Published: April 2021

The International Health Regulations (2005) are legally binding on 196 States Parties, Including all WHO Member States. The IHR aims to keep the world informed about public health risks, through committing all signatories to cooperate together in combating any future “illness or medical condition, irrespective of origin or source, that presents or could present significant harm to humans.” Under IHR, countries agreed to strengthen their public health capacities and notify the WHO of any such illness in their populations. The WHO would be the centralized body for all countries facing a health threat, with the power to declare a “public health emergency of international concern,” issue recommendations, and work with countries to tackle a crisis. Although, with the sudden and rapid spread of COVID-19 in the world, many countries varied in implementing the WHO guidelines and health recommendations. While some countries followed the WHO guidelines, others imposed travel restrictions against the WHO’s recommendations. Some refused to share their data with the organization. Others banned the export of medical equipment, even in the face of global shortages. The UN Compliance Research group will focus during the current cycle on analyzing the compliance of the WHO member states to the organizations guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Algeria COVID-19 Governmental Response
Authors: Abdellatif Omar S. , Behbehani Ali
Published: April 2021

The International Health Regulations (2005) are legally binding on 196 States Parties, Including all WHO Member States. The IHR aims to keep the world informed about public health risks, through committing all signatories to cooperate together in combating any future “illness or medical condition, irrespective of origin or source, that presents or could present significant harm to humans.” Under IHR, countries agreed to strengthen their public health capacities and notify the WHO of any such illness in their populations. The WHO would be the centralized body for all countries facing a health threat, with the power to declare a “public health emergency of international concern,” issue recommendations, and work with countries to tackle a crisis. Although, with the sudden and rapid spread of COVID-19 in the world, many countries varied in implementing the WHO guidelines and health recommendations. While some countries followed the WHO guidelines, others imposed travel restrictions against the WHO’s recommendations. Some refused to share their data with the organization. Others banned the export of medical equipment, even in the face of global shortages. The UN Compliance Research group will focus during the current cycle on analyzing the compliance of the WHO member states to the organizations guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Pengaruh Pemberian Urin Kelinci Terhadap Serangan Turnip Mosaic Virus (TuMV) Pada Tanaman Kailan (Brassica oleraceae var. alboglabra) yang Dibudidayakan Secara Organik
Authors: Choliq Fery Abdul , Martosudiro Mintarto , Apriliana Qurrota Ayuni , Istiqomah Istiqomah
Published: April 2021

Kai Lan has a high potential for being developed in Indonesia. The cultivation system that can produce high quality product that is organically cultivated of kai Lan. Organic plant cultivation require intensive maintenance. The disease that often attacks kailan plants is a mosaic disease caused by Turnip Mosaic Virus (TuMV). The purpose of this research was to find out the effect of giving rabbit urine against TuMV attack of kai Lan and to know the effect on growth and production of kai lan.  Research conducted in the Organic Community Brenjonk Mojokerto regency, East Java. The research was conducted from February to April 2016. The Research used randomized block design (RBD) with six treatments and each treatment was repeated four times. The observation variable are include incubation period and symptoms of the disease, the intensity attack of disease, plant height, plant weigh, length, roots, and broad leaf of plants. The result of observation showed that rabbit urine with a consentrate 8ml/L up to 32ml/L applied as much as 8 times, can extend the incubation period and can’t decrease the intensity of TuMV attack. Rabbit urine with a consentrate 8ml/L up to 32ml/L also applied as much as 8 times on the plant can increase the  growth and production of kai lan include fresh weight of plant, plant height, plant root length and leaf area of plant.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI KACANG TANAH (Arachis hypogaea L.) DENGAN APLIKASI MACAM DOSIS MIKORIZA DAN PHONSKA
Authors: Widyastuti Fitria , Amiroh Ana , Amminudin Muhammad Imam
Published: April 2021

Di Indonesia, Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea L) menjadi komoditas penting dan strategis. Menurunnya kesuburan tanah merupakan satu penyebab rendahnya produktivitas kacang tanah. Untuk mengatasi masalah kesenjangan antara produksi dan konsumsi dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan pupuk hayati mikoriza dan pupuk phonska karena pupuk ini yang tepat diterapkan untuk mendukung pertumbuhan tanaman kacang tanah tersebut. Upaya meningkatan produksi kacang tanah dengan memanfaatkan cendawan mikoriza secara umum memberikan manfaat yang besar oleh kesuburan tanah dalam jangka waktu yang panjang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Sukodadi, Kecamatan Sukodadi, Kabupaten Lamongan. Ketinggian tempat ± 6 meter di atas permukaan laut. Waktu penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari-April 2020.  Penelitian ini menggunakan metode rancangan acak kelompok RAK yang disusun secara faktorial dengan dua faktor perlakuan yaitu Pupuk Mikoriza dan Pupuk Phonska. Faktor Pupuk Mikoriza terdiri dari 3 level yaitu: 100 kg/ha, 200 kg/ha, dan 300 kg/ha. Faktor Pupuk Phonska terdiri dari 3 level yaitu: Tanpa pemberian phonska, 50kg/ha, dan 100 kg/ha. Pengamatan parameter pertumbuhan dan produksi yang diamati meliputi Tinggi tanaman, Jumlah Daun, Berat Brangkasan Basah, Berat Brangkasan Kering, dan Berat Biji PerPetak. Pengamatan dilaksanakan mulai umur 14 hari setelah tanam lalu dilanjut 14 hari sekali. Data hasil dari penelitian sejak tanaman berumur 14 hari setelah tanam hingga akhir pengamatan, dianalisa dengan analisa sidik ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji BNT 5%. Hasil pengamatan dan perhitungan melalui analisa sidik ragam dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa yang memberikan produksi tinggi pada tanaman kacang tanah yaitu perlakuan pupuk mikoriza 200 kg/ha dan pupuk phonska 100 kg/ha.
PELAKSANAAN PENDIDIKAN POLITIK OLEH DPD PARTAI GERINDRA JAWA TIMUR DALAM RANGKA MENGHADAPI PEMILU SERENTAK 2019 (Studi Pada DPC Partai Gerindra Kabupaten dan Kota Mojokerto)
Authors: Rosyid Halimur
Published: April 2021

General election Simultaneously 2019 is a challenge and opportunity for all elements of the nation in improving the political system and democracy in Indonesia, that is the reason that became the basis of the East Java Gerindra Party to carry out political education in Mojokerto. This study aims to describe the implementation of political education for three times with qualitative descriptive methods and interactive analysis. The results of this study reveal that the objectives and material presented in the implementation of political education are still oriented towards strengthening internal party institutions as an effort to strengthen ideology, winning strategies and internal party consolidation. In addition, the obstacles that arise are methods of inappropriate communication and limited time of activity.
NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN BUDI PEKERTI LUHUR DALAM CERITA RAKYAT DAERAH LAMONGAN
Authors: Furqon Hendrik , Ernaningsih Ernaningsih
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this research is to focus on the discovery (1) the educational values of noble character contained in Lamongan folklore (2) the narrative structure of the text of the Rakyat Lamongan story. The method used in this research is qualitative descriptive with an educational value approach in literary works (pragmatic). The data in this study are data about (1) the values of noble character education contained in Lamongan folklore and (2) the narrative structure of the text of the Rakyat Lamongan story.  Data  sources  are  obtained  from  documentation  and  interviews.  The  data collection techniques are carried out with documentation and interviews. Data analysis techniques use interactive techniques. Data validation uses triangulation, both triangulation of theories, data, and methods. The findings of the research can be described include: (1) the value of noble character education contained in Lamongan folklore includes the values of partners, traditional values, happy values, and, upeksa values. , (2). Narrative structure of the text of Rakyat Rakyat Lamongan.
ANALISIS EKOLOGI BERWAWASAN GENDER (ECOFEMINISM) DALAM KARYA SASTRA PARA SASTRAWAN LAMONGAN
Authors: Astrea Kiki , Ulfah Anisa
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study is the discovery of (1) the influence of political ecological values (2) the influence of cultural ecological values (3) the influence of social ecological values, and (4) the influence of the ecological values of imperialism heritage. The data in this study are data about (1) the influence of political ecological values  (2)  The  influence  of  cultural  ecological  values  (3)  The  influence  of  social ecological values, and (4) the influence of the ecological values of imperialism heritage. Data sources are obtained from documentation and interviews. The data collection techniques are carried out with documentation and interviews. Data analysis techniques use interactive techniques. Data validation uses triangulation, both triangulation of theories, data, and methods. The research findings can be described include: (1) the influence of political ecological values (2) The influence of cultural ecological values (3) The influence of social ecological values, and (4) the influence of the ecological values of imperialism inheritance in the literary text writer in Lamongan