bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From Envelope Spectra to Bearing Remaining Useful Life: An Intelligent Vibration-Based Prediction Model with Quantified Uncertainty
Authors: Wen Haobin , Zhang Long , Sinha Jyoti K.
Published: November 2024

Bearings are pivotal components of rotating machines where any defects could propagate and trigger systematic failures. Once faults are detected, accurately predicting remaining useful life (RUL) is essential for optimizing predictive maintenance. Although data-driven methods demonstrate promising performance in direct RUL prediction, their robustness and practicability need further improvement regarding physical interpretation and uncertainty quantification. This work leverages variational neural networks to model bearing degradation behind envelope spectra. A convolutional variational autoencoder for regression (CVAER) is developed to probabilistically predict RUL distributions with confidence measures. Enhanced average envelope spectra (AES) are used as network input for its physical robustness in bearing condition assessment and fault detection. The use of the envelope spectrum ensures that it contains only bearing-related information by removing other rotor-related frequencies, hence it improves the RUL prediction. Unlike traditional variational autoencoders, the probabilistic regressor and latent generator are formulated to quantify uncertainty in RUL estimates and learn meaningful latent representations conditioned on specific RUL. Experimental validations are conducted on vibration data collected using multiple accelerometers whose natural frequencies cover bearing resonance ranges to ensure fault detection reliability. Beyond conventional bearing diagnosis, envelope spectra are extended for statistical RUL prediction integrating physical knowledge of actual defect conditions. Comparative and ablation studies are conducted against benchmark models to demonstrate their effectiveness.
ANN-Assisted Beampattern Optimization of Semi-Coprime Array for Beam-Steering Applications
Authors: Khan Waseem , Shahid Saleem , Chaudhry Ali Naeem , Rana Ahsan Sarwar
Published: November 2024

In this paper, an artificial neural network (ANN) has been proposed to estimate the required values of the adjustable parameters of a Semi-Coprime array with staggered steering (SCASS), which was proposed recently. By adjusting the amount of staggering and the sidelobe attenuation (SLA) factor of Chebyshev weights, SCASS can promise a quite small half-power beamwidth (HPBW) and a high peak-to-side-lobe ratio (PLSR), even when the beam is steered away from broadside direction. However, HPBW and PSLR cannot be improved simultaneously. There is always a trade-off between the two performance metrics. Therefore, in this paper, a mechanism has been introduced to minimize HPBW for a desired PSLR. The proposed ANN takes the array of architectural parameters, the required steering angle, and the desired performance metric, i.e., PSLR, as input and suggests the values of the adjustable parameters, which can promise the minimum HPBW for the desired PSLR and steering angle. To train the ANN, we have developed a dataset in Matlab by calculating HPBW and PSLR from the beampattern generated for a large number of combinations of all the variable parameters. It has been shown in this work that the trained ANN can suggest the optimum values of the adjustable parameters that promise the minimum HPBW for the given steering angle, PSLR, and array architectural parameters. The trained ANN can suggest the required adjustable parameters for the desired performance with mean absolute error within just 0.83%.
Realizing the Calculation of a Fully Normalized Associated Legendre Function Based on an FPGA
Authors: Fang Yuxiang , Wang Qingbin , Yang Yichao
Published: November 2024

A large number of fully normalized associated Legendre function (fnALF) calculations are required to compute Earth’s gravity field elements using ultra high-order gravity field coefficient models. In the surveying and mapping industry, researchers typically rely on CPU-based systems for these calculations, which leads to limitations in execution speed and power efficiency. Although modern CPUs improve instruction execution efficiency through instruction-level parallelism, the constraints of a shared memory architecture impose further limitations on the execution speed and power efficiency. This results in exponential increases in computation time as demand rises alongside high power consumption. In this article, we present a new computational implementation of an fnALF based on the ZYNQ platform. We design a task-parallel “pipeline” architecture which converts the original serial logic into a more efficient hardware implementation, and we utilize a redundant calculation layer to handle repetitive coefficient computations separately. The experimental results demonstrate that our system achieved accurate and rapid calculations. Under the only one geocentric residual latitude condition, we measured the computation times for spherical harmonic coefficient degrees of 360, 720, and 1080 to be 0.155922 s, 0.520950 s, and 1.401609 s, respectively. In the case of the multiple geocentric residual latitudes condition, our design generally yielded efficiency gains of over three times those of MATLAB R2020b implementation. Additionally, our calculated results were used to determine the geoid height in the field with an error of less than ±0.1m, confirming the reliability of our computations.
A Comprehensive Review of Biomarker Sensors for a Breathalyzer Platform
Authors: Sadeghi Pardis , Alshawabkeh Rania , Rui Amie , Sun Nian Xiang
Published: November 2024

Detecting volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is increasingly recognized as a pivotal tool in non-invasive disease diagnostics. VOCs are metabolic byproducts, mostly found in human breath, urine, feces, and sweat, whose profiles may shift significantly due to pathological conditions. This paper presents a thorough review of the latest advancements in sensor technologies for VOC detection, with a focus on their healthcare applications. It begins by introducing VOC detection principles, followed by a review of the rapidly evolving technologies in this area. Special emphasis is given to functionalized molecularly imprinted polymer-based biochemical sensors for detecting breath biomarkers, owing to their exceptional selectivity. The discussion examines SWaP-C considerations alongside the respective advantages and disadvantages of VOC sensing technologies. The paper also tackles the principal challenges facing the field and concludes by outlining the current status and proposing directions for future research.
Modeling Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Using Time-Dependent Finite Element Method
Authors: Abbas Yawar , van Smeden Laura , Verschueren Alwin R. M. , Zevenbergen Marcel A. G. , Oudenhoven Jos F. M.
Published: November 2024

A time-dependent electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) model is presented using the finite element method (FEM) to simulate a 2D interdigitated electrode in an aqueous NaCl electrolyte. Developed in COMSOL Multiphysics, the model incorporates ion transport, electric field distribution, Stern layer effects, and electrode sheet resistance, governed by the Poisson and Nernst–Planck equations. This model can predict the transient current response to an applied excitation voltage, which gives information about the dynamics of the electrochemical system. The simulation results are compared with the experimental data, reproducing key features of the measurements. The transient current response indicates the need for multiple excitation cycles to stabilize the impedance measurement. At low frequencies (<1 kHz), the voltage drop at the Stern layer is significant, while at higher frequencies (>100 kHz), the voltage drop due to sheet resistance dominates. Moreover, the amplitude of the excitation voltage influences the EIS measurement, higher amplitudes (above 0.1 V) lead to non-linear impedance behavior, particularly at low ion concentrations. Discrepancies at low frequencies suggest that Faradaic processes may need to be incorporated for improved accuracy. Overall, this model provides quantitative insights for optimizing EIS sensor design and highlights critical factors for high-frequency and low-concentration conditions, laying the foundation for future biosensing applications with functionalized electrodes.
MFMamba: A Mamba-Based Multi-Modal Fusion Network for Semantic Segmentation of Remote Sensing Images
Authors: Wang Yan , Cao Li , Deng He
Published: November 2024

Semantic segmentation of remote sensing images is a fundamental task in computer vision, holding substantial relevance in applications such as land cover surveys, environmental protection, and urban building planning. In recent years, multi-modal fusion-based models have garnered considerable attention, exhibiting superior segmentation performance when compared with traditional single-modal techniques. Nonetheless, the majority of these multi-modal models, which rely on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) or Vision Transformers (ViTs) for feature fusion, face limitations in terms of remote modeling capabilities or computational complexity. This paper presents a novel Mamba-based multi-modal fusion network called MFMamba for semantic segmentation of remote sensing images. Specifically, the network employs a dual-branch encoding structure, consisting of a CNN-based main encoder for extracting local features from high-resolution remote sensing images (HRRSIs) and of a Mamba-based auxiliary encoder for capturing global features on its corresponding digital surface model (DSM). To capitalize on the distinct attributes of the multi-modal remote sensing data from both branches, a feature fusion block (FFB) is designed to synergistically enhance and integrate the features extracted from the dual-branch structure at each stage. Extensive experiments on the Vaihingen and the Potsdam datasets have verified the effectiveness and superiority of MFMamba in semantic segmentation of remote sensing images. Compared with state-of-the-art methods, MFMamba achieves higher overall accuracy (OA) and a higher mean F1 score (mF1) and mean intersection over union (mIoU), while maintaining low computational complexity.
Cultural Studies with Communities in South Africa: Implications for Participatory Development Communication and Social Change Research
Authors: Dyll Lauren , Tomaselli Keyan G.
Published: November 2024

This article theorizes the role of local and indigenous culture in its intersection with development initiatives. It argues that Communication for Development and Social Change (CDSC), through a cultural studies framework, strengthens the potentiality of democratization and participation within community-based development and social change settings. We advocate that applied cultural studies can facilitate agency (through voice and self-representation) in social interventions. This is a cultural studies approach that has been recontextualised from the Birmingham origin as read through Marxist development studies, first adapted and mobilized during the anti-apartheid struggle in developing cultural strategy, and more recently with efforts to indigenise research practices with research participants in the southern Kalahari. We draw on an example of the community-owned, state-funded, and privately operated !Xaus Lodge cultural tourism asset. We illustrate how CDSC strategies, influenced by applied cultural studies, can work with an agentic imperative to effect development and mutual understanding in a defined geographical area, where multiple stakeholder agendas, cultural backgrounds, and ontologies are to be negotiated.
The Emotional Implications of a Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Diagnosis in a Retired Athlete: An Autoethnographic Approach
Authors: Low Ian Guyah , Lavallee David , Lord Rhiannon
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study was to advance knowledge and understanding of the emotional implications retired athletes experience when diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. This study employed an autoethnographic method to explore the consequences of living with this potentially life-threatening heart condition from a first-person narrative, using the account-making model of coping and loss as framework. The results illuminate the lived experience of someone diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and subsequent forced transition out of high-performance sport. This study provides practitioners with insights into this topic so that relevant and tailored interventions can be implemented to help retiring athletes who are diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy cope with the career transition process. Notably, this paper also offers a full, complete autoethnography rather than extracts of autoethnographic writing typically provided in journal articles due to formatting restrictions. Thus, we showcase the valuable contribution this methodology has to offer scholars and practitioners.
Comparative Analysis of Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) Types in the Metropolitan Region Along the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River
Authors: Chen Zijing , Wu Tao , Gao Linna , Zhou Ye
Published: November 2024

Currently, with the acceleration of urbanization, traditional transportation modes are increasingly causing congestion, pollution, and resource waste, drawing widespread attention to Transit-Oriented Development (TOD). TOD is an urban development concept that advocates the implementation of high-density, mixed-use land utilization around transit stations to encourage the use of public transportation, reduce reliance on private vehicles, and achieve more sustainable urban growth. The ‘node–place’ model is a classic analytical framework in TOD typology, forming the foundation for assessing TOD effectiveness. However, this model requires expansion due to its limited adaptability. This study aims to bridge this gap by proposing an innovative, network-based ‘node–place–convenience (NPC)’ model to enhance insights on the overall assessment of metro networks. Using a combination of CRITIC weighting and K-means++ clustering, this study evaluates TOD in cities with metros in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. By assessing node, place, and convenience values of metro stations, this study compares how different urban structures, population distributions, and metro network configurations impact travel behavior, economic vitality, and regional sustainability. The results show that TOD degree in Wuhan decreases from urban to suburban areas, presenting ‘center to sub-center’ pattern in Changsha, and presenting ‘ring-radial’ distribution across the city center in Nanchang. The clustering results divide TOD benefits into six groups, with Changsha performing the best, followed by Wuhan, while Nanchang still has room for improvement. The average TOD benefits for Wuhan, Changsha, and Nanchang are 0.28, 0.35, and 0.28.
Principles for Sustainable Integration of BIM and Digital Twin Technologies in Industrial Infrastructure
Authors: Badenko Vladimir , Bolshakov Nikolai , Celani Alberto , Puglisi Valentina
Published: November 2024

As industries evolve towards greater digitalization, integrating Building Information Modeling (BIM) and digital twin technologies presents a unique opportunity to enhance sustainability in industrial infrastructure. This paper formulates a comprehensive set of principles aimed at guiding the sustainable integration of these technologies within the context of modern industrial facilities, often referred to as “Factories of the Future”. The principles are designed to address critical sustainability challenges, including minimizing environmental impact, optimizing resource efficiency, and ensuring long-term resilience. Through a detailed examination of lifecycle management, data interoperability, and collaborative stakeholder engagement, this work provides a strategic framework for leveraging digital technologies to achieve sustainability goals. The principles outlined in this paper not only promote greener industrial practices but also pave the way for innovation in the sustainable development of industrial infrastructure. This framework is intended to serve as a foundation for future research and practical application, supporting the global shift towards more sustainable industrial operations.
A Conjugate Linearly Polarized Light Wave Along an Optical Fiber with the Berry Phase Model and Its Magnetic Trajectories According to the Conjugate Frame
Authors: Sariaydin Muhammed Talat
Published: November 2024

In this article, we study how a linear polarized wave that is going along an optical fiber works, which is known not only as a curve on a Lie group but also as a rotation of the polarization plane. What we are trying to show in this article is that linear polarized light waves (PLWs) are related to the Berry phase. Moreover, we give magnetic curves created by N traveling in the electromagnetic trajectories and the optical fiber generated by the electric field N of the PLW moving through the optical fiber. With this described method, we present a mathematical model to conveniently generate the relationships between an optical fiber and the optical angular momentum in a three-dimensional Lie group. The conjugate frame we used in this article removes unnecessary bending around the tangent and enables a more dynamic characterization, which can still be applied even when the second derivative of the curve is zero.
Advancements and Challenges in Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron-Activated Persulfate Technology for the Removal of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals
Authors: Liang Dong , Zeng Guoming , Lei Xiaoling , Sun Da
Published: November 2024

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals are a new class of pollutants that can affect hormonal metabolic processes in animals and humans. They can enter the aquatic environment through various pathways and gradually become enriched, thus posing a serious threat to the endocrine and physiological systems of both animals and humans. Nano zero-valent iron has promising applications in endocrine disruptor removal due to its excellent reducing properties and high specific surface area. However, given the dispersed focus and fragmented results of current studies, a comprehensive review is still lacking. In this paper, it was analyzed that the types of endocrine disruptors and their emission pathways reveal the sources of these compounds. Then, the main technologies currently used for endocrine disruptor treatment are introduced, covering physical, chemical, and biological treatment methods, with a special focus on persulfate oxidation among advanced oxidation technologies. Also, the paper summarizes the various activation methods of persulfate oxidation technology and proposes the nZVI-activated persulfate technology as the most promising means of treatment. In addition, this paper reviews the research progress of different modification methods of nZVI in activating persulfate for the removal of EDCs. Finally, the discussion includes recycling studies of nZVI/PS technology and emphasizes the urgency and importance of endocrine disruptor treatment. The review of this paper provides further scientific basis and technical support for nZVI/PS technology in the field of endocrine disruptor management.
Analyzing the Contribution of Urban Land Uses to the Formation of Urban Heat Islands in Urmia City
Authors: Teimouri Raziyeh , Karbasi Pooran
Published: November 2024

An Urban Heat Island (UHI) is an important variable in climate and environmental studies. Nowadays, population growth and urbanization development are the most important factors affecting the temperature increase in urban areas, which cause the creation of heat islands in urban areas. (1) Background: This study explores the influence of major land uses on the creation of Urban Heat Islands in Urmia city, Iran. (2) Methods: To achieve the aim of this study, Landsat satellite data including Landsat 5 and 8 imageries from the time periods of 1990 and 2023 were used. With the series of data processing and analyses on vegetation cover and land surface temperature, the impact of main land uses on the creation of Urban Heat Islands and the intensification of their effects have been investigated. (3) Results: The analysis reveals that barren lands consistently exhibit the highest temperature, while garden lands show the lowest temperature across both periods. In addition, the spatial distribution of Urban Heat Islands demonstrates a clustered pattern throughout the study period, with hot spots mainly located in the northwestern and southwestern areas. (4) Conclusions: This study’s findings can be helpful for urban policymakers and planners to develop practical strategies to mitigate UHIs and improve climate resilience in cities.
The Thermal Stability of Influenza Viruses in Milk
Authors: Hu Wanke , Wang Zhao , Chen Yunxia , Wu Siyu , Li Tianyu , Zhai Shao-Lun , Ju Xianghong , Sun Yipeng , Wei Wen-Kang , Yu Jieshi
Published: November 2024

Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) of the H5N1 subtype (clade 2.3.4.4b) have been detected in raw milk from infected cows. Several studies have examined the time and temperature parameters to ascertain whether influenza viruses in milk can be inactivated completely under commercial pasteurization conditions, yielding conflicting results. This study aimed to investigate whether milk could help protect influenza viruses from heat treatment. After heat treatment at 49 °C for one hour, the titer reduction of the influenza A/WSN/1933 (A/H1) virus in milk was approximately 1.6 log10TCID50/mL, which was significantly lower than that (3 log10TCID50/mL) observed in the Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) control media. The influenza D/bovine/CHN/JY3002/2022 (D/Yama2019) virus in milk retained a high residual infectivity (4.68 × 103 log10TCID50/mL) after treatment at 53 °C; however, the virus in DMEM completely lost its infectivity under the same conditions. Moreover, the influenza A/chicken/CHN/Cangzhou03/2023 (A/H5) virus in DMEM could be inactivated completely using any of the three heat treatment methods: 63 °C for 30 min, 72 °C for 15 s, or 80 °C for 15 s. For the virus present in milk, only heat treatment at 80 °C for 15 s completely inactivated it. These results suggest that milk prevents influenza viruses from pasteurization inactivation.
PLNC8 αβ Potently Inhibits the Flavivirus Kunjin and Modulates Inflammatory and Intracellular Signaling Responses of Alveolar Epithelial Cells
Authors: Omer Abubakr A. M. , Kumar Sanjiv , Söderquist Bo , Melik Wessam , Bengtsson Torbjörn , Khalaf Hazem
Published: November 2024

PLNC8 αβ is a cationic antimicrobial peptide that previously has been reported to express both antibacterial and antiviral properties. This study aimed to further elucidate the antiviral effects of PLNC8 αβ and its impact on virus-induced cytotoxicity and inflammatory signaling in human alveolar epithelial cells (A549) infected with the flavivirus Kunjin. Complementary in silico analyses using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation were conducted to investigate the mechanism of action of PLNC8 αβ by studying the interaction of PLNC8 α and β with models of a flavivirus membrane and a eukaryotic plasma membrane, respectively. Our findings demonstrated that PLNC8 αβ significantly reduces both extracellular and intracellular viral loads, as confirmed by plaque reduction assays and RT-PCR. The peptide also mitigated virus-induced cytotoxicity and inflammation. Notably, PLNC8 αβ modulated the virus-induced dysregulation of key signaling and inflammatory genes, such as TLR9, TLR3, NOD2, FOS, JUN, IL6, and CXCL8. MD simulation revealed that PLNC8 αβ exhibits higher binding affinity for a flavivirus membrane model compared to a model of the plasma membrane, likely due to stronger electrostatic interactions with anionic phospholipids. This selective interaction possibly accounts for a potent antiviral activity of PLNC8 αβ combined with a minimal cytotoxicity toward human cells. Overall, PLNC8 αβ shows significant promise as an antiviral agent against flavivirus infections and warrants further exploration for peptide-based antiviral therapies.
An Optimised Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine Ferret Efficacy Model Successfully Translates H1N1 Clinical Data
Authors: Schewe Katarzyna E. , Cooper Shaun , Crowe Jonathan , Llewellyn Steffan , Ritter Lydia , Ryan Kathryn A. , Dibben Oliver
Published: November 2024

Between 2013 and 2016, the A/H1N1pdm09 component of the live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) produced instances of lower-than-expected vaccine effectiveness. Standard pre-clinical ferret models, using a human-like vaccine dose and focusing on antigenic match to circulating wildtype (wt) strains, were unable to predict these fluctuations. By optimising the vaccine dose and utilising clinically relevant endpoints, we aimed to develop a ferret efficacy model able to reproduce clinical observations. Ferrets were intranasally vaccinated with 4 Log10 FFU/animal (1000-fold reduction compared to clinical dose) of seven historical LAIV formulations with known (19–90%) H1N1 vaccine efficacy or effectiveness (VE). Following homologous H1N1 wt virus challenge, protection was assessed based on primary endpoints of wt virus shedding in the upper respiratory tract and the development of fever. LAIV formulations with high (82–90%) H1N1 VE provided significant protection from wt challenge, while formulations with reduced (19–32%) VE tended not to provide significant protection. The strongest correlation observed was between reduction in wt shedding and VE (R2 = 0.75). Conversely, serum immunogenicity following vaccination was not a reliable indicator of protection (R2 = 0.37). This demonstrated that, by optimisation of the vaccine dose and the use of non-serological, clinically relevant protection endpoints, the ferret model could successfully translate clinical H1N1 LAIV VE data.
Hepatitis A Seroprevalence Among HIV-Exposed and Unexposed Pediatric Populations in South Africa
Authors: Amponsah-Dacosta Edina , Ratshisusu Lufuno , Modise Lorato M. , Blose Ntombifuthi , Simani Omphile E. , Selabe Selokela G. , Kagina Benjamin M. , Muloiwa Rudzani
Published: November 2024

Background: There is limited evidence comparing hepatitis A seroprevalence among HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU), HIV-infected (HIV), and unexposed uninfected (HUU) children. This compromises rational vaccine decision-making. Methods: This study comprised a retrospective health facility-based population of children aged 1 month–12 years. Archival sera were tested for markers of acute (anti-HAV IgM) or past (total anti-HAV) HAV infection. Subgroup analysis was conducted based on perinatal HIV exposure or infection status. Results: Among 513 children, the median age was 10 (IQR: 4–25) months. The median maternal age was 29 (IQR: 25–34) years. An anti-HAV seropositivity of 95.1% (117/122 [95% CI 90.2–98.4]) was found among those ≤6 months of age, indicative of the rate of transplacental antibody transfer. Among 1–12-year-olds, hepatitis A seroprevalence was 19.3% (37/192 [95% CI 14.1–25.7]), while 1.1% (2/188 [95% CI 0.12–2.76]) had evidence of acute infection. Compared to HIV-exposed subgroups (HIV = 60%, 6/10 [95% CI 27.4–86.3] and HEU = 45%, 9/20 [95% CI 23.8–68]), hepatitis A seroprevalence among HUU children was low (29.2%, 47/161 [95% CI 22.4–37.0]). Conclusions: Natural immunity among HIV-exposed and unexposed children in South Africa is insufficient to protect against severe liver complications associated with HAV infection later in adulthood.
Host Innate and Adaptive Immunity Against African Swine Fever Virus Infection
Authors: Zhang Tianqi , Lu Zixun , Liu Jia , Tao Yang , Si Youhui , Ye Jing , Cao Shengbo , Zhu Bibo
Published: November 2024

Africa swine fever virus (ASFV) is the causative agent of African swine fever (ASF), a highly contagious hemorrhagic disease that can result in up to 100% lethality in both wild and domestic swine, regardless of breed or age. The ongoing ASF pandemic poses significant threats to the pork industry and food security, with serious implications for the sanitary and socioeconomic system. Due to the limited understanding of ASFV pathogenesis and immune protection mechanisms, there are currently no safe and effective vaccines or specific treatments available, complicating efforts for prevention and control. This review summarizes the current understanding of the intricate interplay between ASFV and the host immune system, encompassing both innate and adaptive immune responses to ASFV infection, as well as insights into ASFV pathogenesis and immunosuppression. We aim to provide comprehensive information to support fundamental research on ASFV, highlighting existing gaps and suggesting future research directions. This work may serve as a theoretical foundation for the rational design of protective vaccines against this devastating viral disease.
The Microbiological Quality of Raw Ovine Milk in the Banat Region of Romania with a Focus on Escherichia coli and Its Pathogenic Potential and Antimicrobial Resistance
Authors: Roșu Răzvan-Dragoș , Morar Adriana , Ban-Cucerzan Alexandra , Imre Mirela , Sallam Khalid Ibrahim , Maha Al-Ashmawy A. , Abd-Elghany Samir Mohammed , Popa Sebastian Alexandru , Pătrînjan Răzvan-Tudor , Morar Doru , Imre Kálmán
Published: November 2024

This study investigated the bacteriological quality of raw ovine milk produced by farms located in the Banat region of Romania. Additionally, the pathogenic potential and antimicrobial resistance of the isolated Escherichia coli strains were evaluated. A total of 95.8% (69/72) of the screened bulk tank milk samples, collected at the farm level immediately after milking, demonstrated appropriate total aerobic mesophilic bacteria (TMB) counts, varying from 3.32 to 6.09 log10 CFU/mL. However, 4.2% (3/72) of the samples were above the regulatory limit of 6.18 log10 CFU/mL. E. coli was identified in 66.6% of the examined samples, and from the total number (n = 48) of isolates, 18.8% harbored the stx2 gene, highlighting pathogenic potential. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing with the Vitek2 system of the isolated E. coli strains revealed resistance against ampicillin (45.8%), gentamicin (20.8%), ticarcillin–clavulanic acid (18.8%), cephalexin (18.8%), amoxicillin–clavulanic acid (8.3%), and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (2.1%). Additionally, 64.6% of the strains showed intermediate resistance against amoxicillin–clavulanic acid, while no resistance was recorded against imipenem. Five (18.5%) strains were multidrug-resistant. This study’s results underline hygienic sanitary deficiencies during the milking phase and indicate that raw ovine milk can be contaminated with pathogenic and multidrug-resistant E. coli strains, highlighting a potential risk to public health. Further studies are encouraged to better understand the risk posed to the consumer via the consumption of ovine milk and derived products.
Assessment of Water Disaster Resilience in Mountainous Urban Metro Stations by Combination Weighting Method and Extension Cloud Model
Authors: Wang Yiyang , Li Yunyan , Wan Rong
Published: November 2024

Studying the resilience of metro stations in mountainous cities to heavy rain and flooding is of significant importance for enhancing the stability and safety of metro station operations. Considering the topographical and climatic characteristics of mountainous urban areas, this study analyzes the mechanisms through which heavy rain and flooding affect metro station resilience. Based on this analysis, 27 factors, influencing metro station resilience, are identified across 4 dimensions: absorptive capacity, resistance capacity, recovery capacity, and adaptive capacity. A water disaster resilience evaluation index system and corresponding rating standards are established for metro stations in mountainous cities. By combining the advantages of objective and subjective weighting, the combination weights of evaluation indicators are calculated using game theory. The extension theory is combined with the cloud model to establish a model for assessing the water disaster resilience of metro stations in mountainous urban areas. The applicability and feasibility of the model are validated through its implementation at Shapingba Station within Chongqing Rail Transit. The evaluation results obtained from the established model indicate a resilience level of IV for Shapingba metro station, reflecting a high level of resilience that aligns with real-world conditions. These findings further validate the proposed evaluation standards and the method for assessing the water disaster resilience of metro stations based on the combination weighting method and extension cloud model. This evaluation method considers the uncertainty in the evaluation process, demonstrating good feasibility and reliability. It offers a new perspective and methodology for assessing and analyzing the resilience of similar metro stations in mountainous cities.
Social services for elderly citizens at home: prevention of cognitive impairment
Authors:   Municipal Institution «IC for SS for the population of the Leninsky distric» of Magnitogorsk, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University», Russia, Magnitogorsk, Lotfrakhmanova N. S. , Mametyeva O. S. ,   Depar tment of Social Work and Psychological and Pedagogical Education of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University», Russia, Magnitogorsk
Published: November 2024

This article discusses methods for preventing cognitive impairment in older people when organizing social services at home and also determines the connection between the lack of social activity and a decrease in cognitive processes.
Efectividad en la sanción por delitos de la apropiación fraudulenta por medios electrónicos en Ecuador
Authors: Morales Vascones Israel Jairo , Cueva Loayza Yuleixy Ruby , García Segarra Holger Geovannny
Published: November 2024

La creciente incidencia de delitos informáticos, particularmente la apropiación fraudulenta por medios electrónicos, representa un desafío para la justicia en Ecuador. Este estudio tiene como objetivo examinar cómo la falta de conocimientos especializados en la Fiscalía puede vulnerar el derecho al debido proceso al identificar y sancionar a los responsables de estos delitos. Se utilizó un enfoque analítico, revisando legislación y documentos académicos sobre cibercriminalidad. Los resultados indican que la capacitación en delitos informáticos es insuficiente, comprometiendo las investigaciones. Se resalta la necesidad de modernizar la normativa y crear unidades especializadas dentro de la Fiscalía. Además, se enfatiza la importancia de fomentar la cooperación interinstitucional y la colaboración con el sector privado. En conclusión, un enfoque multidimensional que integre capacitación, actualización legal, cooperación y concienciación pública es esencial para combatir la criminalidad digital en Ecuador y garantizar la efectividad de las sanciones.
Imparcialidad en juicios de adolescentes: Análisis sentencia No. 9-17-CN/19
Authors: Puente Narváez Sandra Cecilia , Estrada Murillo Erlin Ricardo
Published: November 2024

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar el impacto de la Sentencia No. 9-17-CN/19 de la Corte Constitucional del Ecuador y la capacitación impartida por el Consejo de la Judicatura en la justicia juvenil, con un enfoque particular en la imparcialidad y especialización de los jueces en casos de adolescentes infractores. La metodología utilizada incluye un análisis documental exhaustivo de la sentencia y una entrevista simulada con un juez especializado en justicia juvenil. El estudio explora primero el marco normativo de la justicia juvenil en Ecuador, seguido de un análisis detallado de la Sentencia No. 9-17-CN/19. Posteriormente, se presentan los resultados de la entrevista, destacando los efectos de la sentencia y la formación en la práctica judicial. Este estudio contribuirá al avance del conocimiento en el campo de la justicia juvenil y proporcionará una perspectiva útil para la toma de decisiones políticas y legislativas destinadas a garantizar la defensa de los derechos de los adolescentes infractores y la imparcialidad en el sistema judicial.
Celeridad procesal en la ejecución de acta de mediación en los juicios de prestación de alimentos
Authors: Aragón Chapi Wilmer Rolando , Moya Altamirano Daniel Ricardo , García Segarra Holger Geovanny
Published: November 2024

La mediación es un método alternativo para la solución de conflictos, que ha permitido a la sociedad ponerles fin a los problemas de manera ágil, oportuna y voluntaria con la mínima intervención del Estado. Es un estudio jurídico, con el objetivo de analizar la celeridad procesal en la ejecución de acta de mediación en los juicios de prestación de alimentos. El enfoque es mixto, tipo descriptivo. Se contó con técnicas como la revisión de casos. Se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a una población de 27 beneficiarios de pensiones alimenticias. Los resultados revelan que, la mediación sin derivación judicial emerge como una herramienta en la resolución de conflictos familiares, ofreciendo una alternativa a los procedimientos judiciales formales, pero es crucial que se sigan realizando mejoras estructurales. Las conclusiones señalan que, los casos prolongados indicaron desafíos como dificultades para llegar a un consenso y la necesidad de procedimientos más rigurosos para garantizar una resolución equitativa y satisfactoria.
Investigating the Association Between Traffic-related Air Pollution (PM2.5 and Benzene) and the Risk of Asthma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Nazari Maryam , Mohammadian-Hafshejani Abdollah , Arbabi Mohsen
Published: November 2024

Background and aims: Asthma is a chronic disease that causes respiratory system inflammation. Recently, traffic-related air pollution (TRAP), especially particulate matter (PM2.5) and benzene, has been considered a factor that may increase the risk of asthma. This study investigated the association between TRAP (PM2.5 and benzene) and asthma risk. Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the relevant published data were collected by searching the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases up to November 2022. The study quality was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale checklist. The data were analyzed using Stata software (version 14), and the significance level in this meta-analysis study was considered to be<0.05. Results: In the first search, 4,909 and 4,825 studies were extracted for PM2.5 and benzene, respectively. After evaluating and considering the search criteria, 25 and 4 studies remained for PM2.5 and benzene, respectively. For PM2.5, the odds ratio (OR) for developing asthma in the TRAP-exposed group compared to the unexposed group was 1.11 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04-1.19, P=0.002). For benzene, the OR of developing asthma in the exposed group was 1.19 when compared to the unexposed group (95% CI: 1.10-1.29, P<0.001). Conclusion: Based on this review study, there was a positive association between TRAP exposure and the development of asthma. The results confirmed that PM2.5 and benzene increase the risk of asthma.
Molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of coral and megabenthic species from Gede Island, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Nisak Yuyun Khoirun , Ayuningrum Diah , Purnomo Pujiono Wahyu
Published: November 2024

Coral reef ecosystems are home to many organisms, including bivalves, gastropods, crinoids, and demersal fish, making biodiversity assessment crucial for effective conservation and management. This study aims to: i) apply DNA barcoding to identify coral and megabenthic species in coral reef ecosystems, and ii) construct phylogenetic tree to trace their evolutionary relationships. Using quantitative descriptive methods and purposive sampling, specimens were collected in July 2023. The study yielded one coral (R2), one hydrozoan (R3), and one gastropod (GP-1) sample were successfully barcoded. DNA barcoding through Cytochrome Oxydase I (COI) gene amplification revealed that sample R2 had a 98.70% similarity with Acropora hyacinthus, sample R3 had a 98.92% similarity with Zanclea galli, and sample GP-1 had a 91.19% similarity with Erronea errones. Phylogenetic analysis positioned R2 in the same clade as Acropora hyacinthus and related genera such as Montipora, Astreopora, and Alveopora, within the Acroporidae family. R3 clustered with Zanclea galli in the hydrozoan group, alongside Z. sesillis, Z. implexa, and Z. sango. GP-1 grouped with Erronea errones in the gastropod genus Erronea, showing relationships with other genera such as Blasicrura, Cribrarula, Bistolida, and Eclogavena within the subfamily Erroneinae. Species inventories like this are essential for the conservation and management of coral reefs, which are key habitats for fish and other marine life.
Penyusunan Panduan Sosialisasi Dan Literasi Ekonomi Kreatif Kabupaten Bengkalis
Authors: Sunarto Nazrantika , Astuti Dwi , Dwi Astari Yanisha
Published: November 2024

Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah untuk melakukan penyusunan panduan sosialisasi dan literasi ekonomi kreatif Kabupaten Bengkalis. Ekonomi kreatif adalah sebuah konsep yang menempatkan kreativitas dan pengetahuan sebagai aset utama dalam menggerakkan ekonomi.  Berdasarkan hasil diskusi tim pengusul dengan bagian Perekonomian Sekretariat Daerah Pemerintah Kabupaten Bengkalis pada bulan Januari 2023 dapat identifikasi permasalahan dalam pengembangan ekonomi kreatif adalah belum adanya standar pelaksanaan teknis kegiatan sosialisasi pelaku ekonomi kreatif dan dari segi kualitas dan kuantitas pelaku usaha yang belum memadai untuk mendukung dalam menghasilkan produk kreatif menggunakan ide-ide inovatifnya. Metode yang digunakan pada pelaksanaan pengabdian ini adalah diskusi awal dengan bagian Perekonomian Sekretariat Daerah Pemerintah Kabupaten Bengkalis, melakukan penyusunan panduan sosialisasi dan literasi ekonomi kreatif, selanjutnya perlu masukan dan saran dari dinas terkait lainnya dan Lembaga Gerakan Ekonomi Kreatif Nasional (Gekrafs) Kabupaten Bengkalis dan Generasi Pesona Indonesia (GenPi) Kabupaten Bengkalis. Hasil yang dicapai dalam pengabdian ini adalah tersusunnya panduan sosialisasi dan memberikan literasi ekonomi kreatif kepada pelaku ekonomi kreatif di Kabupaten Bengkalis sehingga mereka dapat memiliki knowledge, comprehension, dan application  tentang ekonomi kreatif serta diharapkan dapat saling berkoordinasi dan bekerjasama antar instansi pemerintah, pelaku ekonomi kreatif dan institusi Pendidikan dalam menjalankan sektor-sektor ekonomi kreatif daerah.
Effect Of Level 1 Progressive Mobilization On Oxygen Saturation In Patients With Decreased Consciousness
Authors: Karokaro Tati Murni , Abdi Lestari Sitepu
Published: November 2024

Background: Patients in the intensive care unit are individuals who are in critical condition due to failure of function of one or more organs, with hemodynamic instability. They require special care and intensive monitoring, in the hope that their condition can improve through appropriate medical action (Setiyawan, 2016). The incidence of stroke is increasing every year, there are 11 million stroke cases in the world, especially in low-income countries, especially in South Asian states and it causes 4 million deaths every year, around 30% of them in Southeastern countries. In addition, stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability in adults in the United States. Every year, nearly 795,000 people in the country experience a stroke, either new or recurrent, and this causes approximately 130,000 deaths annually. (WHO, 2016). Research Objective: To understand the effect of level 1 progressive mobilization on changes in oxygen saturation in patients with decreased consciousness. Methodology: This research uses quantitative methods. The approach is quasi-experimental with a utilitarian design, where the intervention is applied to one group, then observations are made on the independent variables. Research Results and Discussion: Before progressive mobilization measures were carried out, the level 1 oxygen saturation value in patients with impaired consciousness at Grandmed Lubuk Pakam Hospital, of the 24 respondents, 2 respondents had oxygen saturation of 92% (8.3%), 4 respondents 93% (16, 7%), 7 respondents 94% (29.2%), 7 respondents 95% (29.2%), 3 respondents 96% (12.5%) and 7 respondents had oxygen saturation 98% (4.2%) . Conclusion: The average O2 saturation value in patients with decreased consciousness before doing level 1 progressive exercise was 93.33, whereas after it increased it was 95.67.
The Effect of Giving Hot-Packs on The Grade of Shivering in Post-Surgery Caesarean Section Patients at Grandmed Hospital Lubuk Pakam
Authors: Syara Arfah May , Syatriawati
Published: November 2024

Shivering after anesthesia is a recovery mechanism in the body due to negative side effects such as discomfort and pain due to stretching of the surgical scar, and increased muscle activity following increased oxygen demand. When a client experiences shivering, it is necessary to warm the body with heat therapy given to clients whose temperature is ? 36?C. A hot-pack is a closed package containing gel with a temperature of 40?C. The hot-pack will be given on the right and left inner arms for about 15 minutes. The type of research used is pre-experimental with one group Pre-test and Post-test design. The technique used in sampling in this study is non-probability sampling, in the form of Accidental sampling with a sample size of 20 respondents, while the instrument used in this study is an observation sheet. This study uses univariate and bivariate analysis. In this study, bivariate analysis was carried out using the Paired T-Test. Based on the Statistical Test conducted using the Paired Sample T-test method, the value obtained was p value 0.000 (? <0.05) which means Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. This means that there is an Effect of Giving Hot-Packs on the Degree of Shivering in Post-Caesarean Section Patients at Grandmed Hospital Lubuk Pakam. This study concludes that giving hot-packs reacts to skin receptors and channels the temperature effect on body heat so that it can reduce shivering.
Relationship Between Knowledge of Giving Warm Water Compresses to Prevent Breast Milk Retention in Postpartum Mothers
Authors: Br Ginting Munthe Novita , Sembiring Iskandar Markus
Published: November 2024

Breast milk dams are a common problem often experienced by postpartum mothers, which if not treated properly can cause pain, infection and obstacles in the breastfeeding process. One method that is known to be effective in preventing breast milk dams is by applying warm water compresses. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the level of knowledge of postpartum mothers regarding giving warm water compresses and preventing breast milk dams. This study used a cross-sectional design involving 60 postpartum mothers at the Juliana Clinic, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Data was collected through a questionnaire that measured the mother's level of knowledge about warm water compresses and the incidence of breast milk dams. The results showed that the majority of mothers had sufficient (41.7%) and good (33.3%) knowledge about warm water compresses, while 25% of mothers had insufficient knowledge. As many as 58.3% of mothers did not experience breast milk dams, while the other 41.7% experienced breast milk dams. The results of the chi-square test showed that there was a significant relationship between postpartum mothers' knowledge about warm water compresses and prevention of breast milk dams (p-value < 0.05). Mothers with good knowledge experience breast milk dams less often than mothers who have less knowledge. In conclusion, good knowledge about warm water compresses has proven effective in preventing breast milk dams. More intensive education and counseling for postpartum mothers is needed to increase their knowledge about appropriate breast care techniques to prevent lactation problems.