bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Boundary of the Sky
Authors: D'Ambrosio Paul
Published: May 2023

There are three good reasons why Daoism is a bad candidate for addressing contemporary environmental issues. First, the Laozi and Zhuangzi do not contain a concept of “nature” akin to ours today. Second, the philosophies of the Laozi and Zhuangzi are anything but revolutionary in spirit—and we need some revolutions. Finally, we need big changes from the top, and early Chinese thinkers did not conceive of political institutions in the way that we have them. Despite these reasons, or perhaps precisely because of them, early Daoist attitudes can provide insightful resources for reflecting on some of our most unreflected upon attitudes. In particular, the need for growth in nearly all areas of society is taken as a given, or even necessity, for our way of life. And while environmentalism and climate change are complex and tricky issues, growth has been identified by many as a common denominator when figuring out exactly what needs to change. This paper argues that if we shift our focus from seeking to find environmental concerns in the Laozi and Zhuangzi to philosophizing with these texts, then we can reflect on our environmental issues in interesting ways. To this end I will present “not contending” (不爭) “awareness of contentment” (知足), “not acting for” (無為) and “according to itself” (自然) as key Daoist attitudes which steer our thinking away from growth and along trajectories which can help human systems be better synchronized with non-human ones.
Đánh giá việc thao túng báo cáo tài chính của các doanh nghiệp trên sàn chứng khoán Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh
Authors: Anh Hoàng Hà , Hạnh Trần Minh Dạ , Na Lê , Thùy Nguyễn Ngọc
Published: May 2023

Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện nhằm phân tích việc thao túng báo cáo tài chính của các doanh nghiệp được niêm yết trên sàn chứng khoán Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh. Bộ dữ liệu được sử dụng gồm 185 báo cáo tài chính của 128 doanh nghiệp niêm yết trên sàn giao dịch chứng khoán Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh giai đoạn 2016 - 2019. Kết quả phân tích cho thấy có 47 báo cáo được xếp vào nhóm có thao túng. Kết quả kiểm định t-test cho thấy hai nhóm báo cáo tài chính có thao túng và không thao túng có sự khác biệt về chỉ số chi phí bán hàng và quản lý doanh nghiệp. Kết quả mô hình logistic cho thấy khả năng thao túng báo cáo tài chính có tương quan nghịch với các biến SGI, DEPI, TATA, INV. Ngoài ra, khả năng thao túng báo cáo tài chính cao hơn khi biến SGAI tăng lên. Từ kết quả nghiên cứu này, đề tài đã đề xuất một số giải pháp để nâng cao tính minh bạch và giảm thiểu vấn đề thao túng thông tin trong báo cáo tài chính.
Nghiên cứu đánh giá khả năng xử lý nước thải chung cư tại Thành Phố Hồ Chí Minh bằng bể phản ứng sinh học dạng mẻ
Authors: Tùng Nguyễn Văn , Hà Trần Thái , Linh Nguyễn Phương Trúc , Huy Văn Từ Nhật , An Nguyễn Thị Mỹ
Published: May 2023

Nghiên cứu này kiểm tra hiệu quả của việc sử dụng công nghệ bể phản ứng sinh học dạng mẻ (SBR) trong xử lý nước thải chung cư. Hiệu suất xử lý các chỉ tiêu ô nhiễm tương ứng: BOD5 (90 - 95%), COD (93 - 97%), TSS (83 - 95%), Amoni (92 - 98%), Tổng Nito (92 - 98%), Độ đục (85 - 95%), Độ màu (62 - 75%). Hệ vi sinh của bể SBR được quan sát và cho thấy có 09 loại nguyên sinh động vật chiếm ưu thế với tỷ lệ xuất hiện trong bể như sau: Vorticella 26%, Aspidisca 22%, Litonotus 6%, Trachelophyllum 8%, Epitylis 6%, Rotifer 16%, Tardigrades 4%, Flagellate 4%, Vaginocola 6%. Nồng độ bùn hoạt tính xuyên suốt quá trình thực hiện được duy trì và biến động trong khoảng: 5,000 - 7,000 mg/L, góp phần tăng hiệu quả xử lý cho bể SBR. Hiệu quả xử lý Nito ở mức lý tưởng đạt được trong nghiên cứu với hiệu suất loại bỏ lên tới 98%. Có thể kết luận, các chất ô nhiễm trong nước thải chung cư tại Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh được giải quyết ở mức tối khi sử dụng công nghệ SBR.
Khảo sát hoạt tính kháng oxy hóa và kháng viêm của cao chiết nấm Vân Chi đỏ Pycnoporus sanguineus phân lập tại Việt Nam
Authors: Phương Nguyễn Thị , Vũ Ngô Nguyên
Published: May 2023

Pycnoporus sanguineus được giới thiệu là một loài nấm mang một loạt các hoạt tính sinh học và kháng khuẩn được coi là hoạt tính nổi bật nhất. Trong khi đó, hoạt tính kháng viêm và kháng oxy hóa của nấm P. sanguineus vẫn chưa được quan tâm nghiên cứu. Có một vài nghiên cứu nói về khả năng kháng oxy hóa và kháng viêm của P. sanguineus thông qua đánh giá tiềm năng của cao chiết và hợp chất từ hệ sợi nấm mà chưa có nghiên cứu chứng minh các hoạt tính của cao chiết nấm tiền quả thể. Do vậy, nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm đánh giá khả năng kháng oxy hóa bằng phương pháp DPPH và kháng viêm của P. sanguineus tiền quả thể trên mô hình tế bào Raw264.7 kích thích bởi lipopolysaccharide. Kết quả cho thấy, hoạt tính kháng oxy hóa của cao chiết P. sanguineus rất tốt với IC50 là 30.0 ± 0.54 µg/ml. Cao chiết P. sanguineus cũng thể hiện hoạt tính kháng viêm tốt, tại nồng độ cao chiết 12.5 và 25 µg/ml, nồng độ nitric oxide tạo ra giảm đáng kể so với đối chứng không sử dụng cao chiết. Như vậy, với tiềm năng kháng oxy hóa và kháng viêm, nấm P. sanguineus giai đoạn tiền quả thể phân lập tại Việt Nam có thể làm nguồn nguyên liệu để cô lập các hợp chất có hoạt tính kháng oxy hóa và kháng viêm trong tương lai.
Development of objective structured clinical examination-based assessment methods in drug information services lectures
Authors: Wijoyo Yosef , Christasani Putu Dyana
Published: May 2023

Background: Research has been carried out on the development of objective structured clinical examination OSCE-based assessment methods in Drug Information Services lectures.   
Objective: This study aims to prepare the assessment, and teaching-learning methods to improve student competence.   
Method: This research was conducted in three stages, 1) development of the assessment method; 2) development of the syllabus for Drug Information Services lectures; and 3) trial of the assessment method. For the assessment method and syllabus, validation was carried out by experts based on rubric evaluation. As a benchmark for the acceptance of a limited trial, the value is 56.00. The research subjects were 36 undergraduate students of Sanata Dharma University (SDU).    
Result: The results of the study show that: 1) the assessment method and syllabus have been declared valid by the experts; 2) a limited trial of the assessment method, resulting in an assessment range between 56.39- 75.69.    
Conclusion: Based on this research, a valid assessment and teaching-learning method has been produced, and in line with the quality of OSCE-based examination as a national standard, so that they can be used in the next lecture in the 2020/2021 term.
Total flavonoid content and in vitro study on the sunscreen activity of extracts of leaves of Elaeocarpus floribundus blume
Authors: Utami Rahayu , Syahputra Raynaldi , Dona Rahma , Fadhli Haiyul , Furi Mustika , Ikhtiarudin Ihsan
Published: May 2023

Background: Elaeocarpus floribundus blume leaves have traditionally been used to treat a variety of diseases; Its hot water infusion is used as a gargle to treat inflamed gums and relieve rheumatoid arthritis. Furthermore, previous research has shown that its methanol extract contains a high level of total phenolic content.
Objective: To determine the total flavonoid content (TFC) of E.floribundus leaves extracts and to conduct preliminary research on their sunscreen activity.
Method: This plant's dried-bulk leaves were macerated in three different solvents, n-hexane, ethylacetate, and methanol, in that order. The TFC of all extracts was determined using a colorimetric method with AlCl3 as the reagent and quercetine as the standard. In contrast, sunscreen activity was assessed by determining the value of the Sun Protection Factor (SPF) using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer and 3-benzophenone as the positive control.
Result: The results indicated that the n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts contained 35.58 ± 1.87 mgQE/g extract, 60.59 ± 0.53 mgQE/g extract, and 149.28 ± 0.89 mgQE/g extract, respectively. With SPF values of 45.470; 44.791; 43.754; 38.861 and 21.102 for tested concentrations of 1000; 800; 600; 400 and 200 mg/mL, respectively, methanol extract demonstrated the highest potential for sun protection activity. However, this activity was not more potent than 3-benzophenone, which had an SPF value of 22,647 at a concentration of 50 mg/mL.
Conclusion: The methanol extract of E. floribundus blume's leaves had the highest total flavonoid content and the greatest potential for sun protection among the tested extracts.
Antioxidant activities of medang lendir (Litsea glutinosa) stem bark
Authors: Nabilah  , M. Almurdani , Hendra Rudi , Teruna Hilwan Yuda
Published: May 2023

Background: Medang lendir (Litsea glutinosa), a member of the Lauraceae family, is typically found in the Kampar Regency area of Riau Province, Indonesia. This plant is frequently used in traditional medicine to treat rheumatism, diarrhea, and dysentery.
Objective: To evaluate the antioxidant activities of L. glutinosa stem bark extracts.
Method: L. glutinosa stem bark was macerated in methanol to obtain methanol extract, followed by partitioning with ethyl acetate to obtain ethyl acetate extract. The antioxidant activities of these extracts were determined using the NO radical scavenging and the DPPH radical scavenging methods. The Folin-Ciocalteu method was also used in this study to determine total phenolic content (TPC).
Result: The antioxidant activities of ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of L. glutinosa stem bark against NO radicals resulted in a small percentage of inhibition (%I < 0). Meanwhile, for DPPH radical scavenging, the antioxidant activity of the ethyl acetate extract (IC50 = 222.03 ug/mL) was greater than the methanol extract (IC50 = 232.81 ug/mL), and the TPC value of the ethyl acetate extract (23.88 mgGAE/g) was greater than the methanol extract (23.16 mgGAE/g).
Conclusion: These results show that the antioxidant activity based on scavenging DPPH radicals for both extracts was active; however, it was inactive on NO radicals. The ethyl acetate extract possessed a higher TPC value compared to the methanol extract.
Pineapple fruit extract (Ananas comosus L. Merr) as an antioxidant and anti-acne agent made with the nano-emulsion gel delivery system
Authors: Chabib Lutfi , Suryani Arman , Dewi Loly Sintia , Noviani Herdwi , Maharani Widya Husna Puspa , Indraswari Aina Anasta
Published: May 2023

Background: Pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr) contains a lot of fibre, minerals, and vitamins. Consequently, it has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic benefits.
Objective: The purpose of this research was to produce pineapple extracts in the form of nano-emulsion gel for more effective use as an antioxidant and anti-acne.
Method: The extraction was done by maceration. The resulting extracts were formulated with tween 20 and propylene glycol, while kollisolv PYR served as the oil phase. A nano-emulsion was then formed and formulated into a gel.
Result: In this study, the nano-emulsion gel produced was transparent yellowish-white, slightly viscous, with a characteristic odour, a particle size of 10.8 nm ± 0.5, a polydispersity index of 0.239 Ð ± 0.1 and a zeta potential of -33.6 mV  ± 1.3. The ability of this nano-emulsion gel to spread was good, 10.28 cm - 14.48 cm, with 1.31 seconds of adhesion and the result of the viscosity test of 3667.4 ± 106.03 cP. In the antioxidant test, the %RSA was produced in the range of 17.70 - 70.32% and the IC50 value was 0.1 µg/mL so it was included in the category of very strong antioxidant. While the anti-acne test has an average bacterial inhibition zone of 10.5 mm ± 0.1 which is in the category of strong anti-acne.
Conclusion: It was concluded that pineapple fruit extract with a nano-emulsion gel base can produce good nanoparticle preparations, which have very strong antioxidant and anti-acne activities.
Antibacterial properties of Pyrrosia longifolia extracts
Authors: Khodijah Rohimatul , Haryani Yuli , Teruna Hilwan Yuda , Hendra Rudi
Published: May 2023

Background: Pyrrosia longifolia is an epiphytic plant found in tropical forests. This plant is known to have antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial properties and is widely used in traditional medicine. Pyrrosia longifolia is one of the species used in traditional medicine, but no evidence of antibacterial activity has been found.
Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the antibacterial activity of various P. longifolia extracts.
Methods: The plant was macerated with methanol and separated based on its polarity. The well diffusion method was used to determine the plant’s antibacterial activity through the inhibition zones - minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of bacterial growth against seven bacteria pathogens. 
Results: The antibacterial activity of the  extracts showed various inhibitions of the bacteria tested. Dichloromethane and ethyl acetate extracts showed intermediate inhibitory activity on Bacillus subtilis ATCC 19659, B. cereus ATCC 10876, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 142028, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus ATCC 17802.
Conclusion: The extract of P. longifolia is susceptible to the test bacteria, and additional testing is necessary to determine its antibacterial activity.
Optimisation of lozenge formulation from Citronella (Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle) extract with various binding materials using a simplex lattice design method
Authors: Sagala Reynelda Juliani , Kambira Pretty Falena Atmanda , Gunawan Untung , Sondang  , Ambarita G.O
Published: May 2023

Background: Antibacterial and antifungal activities of citronella grass extract are widely used, but there is no pleasant dosage form for patients who are unable to swallow. Citronella grass (Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle) extract lozenges were prepared with wet granulation method containing natural or synthetic polymer (PGA/PVP/gelatin) binders.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the most optimal lozenge formula using the simplex lattice design method with Design Expert software 13.0.0.
Methods: The extract was made using maceration method with 70% ethanol as solvent. Furthermore, the preparation of tablets and physical, chemical and stability tests were performed.
Results: The results of the physical test showed that Formula IV with a ratio of PGA:PVP:Gelatin of 0.5:0.5:0 was optimal with a hardness value of 48.85 ± 0.46 kg/cm2, dissolving time of 684 ± 7 seconds, and friability value of 0.31 ± 0.136%. Chemical testing by the total phenolic content of the extract using the Folin-Ciocalteu method at a wavelength of 750 nm obtained a 78.262 mgGAE/gram extract. Moreover, the optimal tablet obtained a 0.063 ± 0.027 mgGAE/gram extract, and stability testing at room temperature for 28 days found that the obtained lozenges were stable.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that the combination of PGA (natural polymer) and PVP (synthetic polymer) binders with a ratio of 1:1 can produce optimal and stable citronella grass extract lozenges.
Synthesis, molecular docking study, and in vivo biological evaluation of pyrazolopyridines derived from monocarbonyl curcumin analogues as potential anti-inflammatory agents
Authors: Mora Enda , Teruna Hilwan Yuda , Frimayanti Neni , Ikhtiarudin Ihsan , Herfindo Noval , Zamri Adel
Published: May 2023

Background: Pyrazolopyridines are heterocyclic compounds with nitrogen atoms in the ring, and they have been used as one of the important pharmacophores in drug design. Pyrazole derivatives have been synthesised and applied in the pharmaceutical industry as active drugs. The recent commercial success of pyrazole COX-2 inhibitors has brought even more attention to the significance of this heterocyclic ring in medicinal chemistry.
Objective: This study aimed to synthesise new compounds as anti-inflammatory candidates from the pyrazolopyridine group.
Method: Synthesis was carried out using the Claisen-Schmidt reaction through condensation of substituted benzaldehyde and 4-piperidone to produce mono-ketone curcumin analogues, which were then cyclised with phenylhydrazine. The results of the synthesis were characterised using FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and MS. Docking analysis was performed on the 3LN1 protein with MOE 2021.0901. Furthermore, an in vivo anti-inflammatory test was applied using a plethysmometer.
Results: The synthesis results obtained two pyrazolopyridine compounds, and the docking results showed that both of these synthesised compounds could interact with the COX-2 receptor binding site.
Conclusion: Compound 2 demonstrated good anti-inflammatory activities. This strategy is in the preliminary stages of identifying novel substances that may be used as anti-inflammatory agents in the future.
Anti-inflammatory activity of Eucheuma denticulatum from Warambadi coast: In-vivo study model of carrageenan-induced paw oedema
Authors: Sianipar Erlia Anggrainy , Jap Adeline
Published: May 2023

Background: Chronic inflammatory diseases have been declared the leading cause of mortality in the world, with more than 50% of deaths associated with inflammatory cases. Based on previous studies, red algae contained antioxidants such as phenolics and flavonoids, which are correlated to their anti-inflammatory activity, including Eucheuma denticulatum.
Objective: This study aims to analyse antioxidants and anti-inflammatory activity as well as the phenolic and flavonoid content of red algae E. denticulatum ethyl acetate extract (EDEE).
Method: EDEE was macerated in ethyl acetate and the antioxidant activity was performed using the (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) DPPH method. Total phenolic and flavonoid content was quantified using the Folin-Ciocalteu and AlCl3 methods. The anti-inflammatory activity was analysed by measuring the percentage of anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced mice paw edema.
Result: The results showed that the Inhibition concentration 50 (IC50) of EDEE was 1031.5 ppm with a total phenolic and flavonoid content of 81.34 ± 0.996mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE/g) and 5.64 ± 0.12 mg quercetin equivalents (QE/g) extract, respectively. In vivo study showed that EDEE of 20, 50, and 100mg/kg body weight (BW) provided the percentage of anti-inflammatory activity of 53.49%, 86.63%, and 78.49% respectively, which is significantly different (p<0.05) compared to the negative control.
Conclusion: EDEE 50mg/kg BW had the highest anti-inflammatory activity due to the presence of phenolic compounds.
The correlation between knowledge, attitude and family support on compliance of outpatients with hypertension in a healthcare centre in Indonesia
Authors: Pristianty Liza , Priyandani Yuni , Rahem Abdul
Published: May 2023

Background: Hypertension is a silent killer disease in the community. The success of hypertension therapy is influenced by adherence to medication. Three factors that shape compliance behaviour are knowledge and attitudes (these are predisposing factors) and family support (as a reinforcing factor). The majority of people in Indonesia choose healthcare centers when seeking hypertension treatment. Non-adherence to treatment has an impact on the incidence of complications.
Objective: This current study was conducted on outpatients in the Tanggulangin Primary Healthcare Centre, Sidoarjo, Indonesia.
Method: This study used a correlational design and a cross-sectional approach, involving 72 people in the sample. The variables measured were: knowledge, attitudes of patients, family support as well as patient compliance with hypertension treatment. Data was collected through a questionnaire instrument. Data analysis was done descriptively and correlatively.
Results: The most widely accepted hypertension drug was amlodipine 78.6%, and a single therapy was given to 86.1% of patients. Most patients had suffered from hypertension for less than one year (38.9%); and half of the patients had family members who suffered from hypertension (52.1%). Patient knowledge of hypertension was moderate (69.4%). Most of the patients had a positive attitude (83.3%), good family support (76.5%), however, 94.5% did not comply with medication. The Spearman Rho test showed compliance with treatment was influenced by knowledge (5.9%) and attitude (14.8%). Meanwhile, the family support variable had no effect on compliance.
Conclusion: This study concludes patient compliance to hypertension medication in the Tanggulangin Primary Healthcare Centre is only influenced by patient knowledge and attitudes.
Fibrinolytic activity and molecular identification of PB-12 isolate from Papuma Coastal at Jember regency
Authors: Ulfa Evi Umayah , Arimurti Sattya
Published: May 2023

Background: Coastal areas have a high bacterial diversity, which can be used as a source of pharmaceutical substances, including the fibrinolytic enzyme. Fibrinolytic enzymes can lyse blood clots by degrading the fibrin. These enzymes are important for treating circulatory disorders, e.g., pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, and myocardial infarction.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the fibrinolytic activity of crude protein extract and precipitate protein of fibrinolytic bacteria PB-12 isolated from Papuma coastal, Jember district, Indonesia.
Method: The molecular weight of fibrinolytic enzymes was determined by fibrin zymography, while 16s rDNA sequencing was performed to identify the PB-12 isolate.
Result: The fibrinolytic activity result showed CPE at 24 hours had the highest fibrinolytic activity with a lysis diameter of 5.23 ± 0.68 mm. The fibrinolytic activity of this bacterium was contributed with ~114 kDa protein. PB-12 was identified as Bacillus aryabhattai based on 16S rRNA gene sequence.
Conclusion: This is the first to report Bacillus aryabhattai as a potential fibrinolytic enzyme producer.
Validation and determination of Daidzein in Aspergillus oryzae using thin-layer chromatography-densitometry
Authors: Puspitasari Endah , Sutatik  , Kusumawardani Banun , Sutejo Ika Rahmawati
Published: May 2023

Background: Daidzin (glycosidic isoflavone) bioconversion into daidzein (aglyconic isoflavone) increases its bioactivity. This bioconversion can be carried out using fermentation, using a fungus that has been widely used for making tempeh in Indonesia, Aspergillus oryzae.
Objective: This study aimed to validate the method of analysis used and to determine the daidzein content in A. oryzae-fermented edamame using TLC densitometry.
Method: Daidzein content determination was carried out on non-fermented (D0) and fermented edamame on days one to four (D1-D4) using the TLC densitometry method. The validation method of analysis was done previously using linearity, the limit of detection (LOD), the limit of quantification (LOQ), selectivity, specificity, precision, and accuracy parameters.
Result: The TLC densitometry method used met all the validation method of analysis parameters, except for the selectivity. The daidzein content in edamame from D0 to D4 were 0.0433 ± 0.00221; 0.0336 ± 0.00698; 0.0276 ± 0.00039; 0.0219 ± 0.00041; 0.1002 ± 0.00924 % w/w, respectively.
Conclusion: The highest daidzein level was obtained in day four of A. oryzae-fermented edamame.
Evaluation of drug information services in self-medication services with the patient simulation method at community pharmacies
Authors: Octavia Devi Ristian , Negara Sri Bintang Sahara Maha Putra Kusuma , Utami Primanitha Ria
Published: May 2023

Background: Globally the number of medicinal products that can be obtained through pharmacies without a prescription continues to increase. Community pharmacists are the health professionals most accessible to patients seeking advice on the use of drugs in self-medication practice. Patient counselling is one of the most important services that pharmacists can provide to patients. Studies have shown that counselling provided by pharmacists can prevent drug-related problems and improve adherence to drug therapy.
Objective: To explore the practice of drug information services at community pharmacies and assess the quality of drug information services in self-medication services according to applicable procedures.
Methods: The patient simulation method was carried out at 51 community pharmacies in the City of Lamongan, involving scenarios related to self-medication services by purchasing drugs without a prescription, with 90 simulation visits in total. Assessment forms were filled out immediately after the visits by the simulated patients. The assessment of drug information services was based on the completeness of pharmacists in providing drug information, comprised of drug names, doses, quantities, indications, times of use, interactions, and storage methods.
Results: For the suitability of community pharmacists in drug information services, 90.0% of pharmacists mentioned drug names, 65.5% explained drug doses, 64.5% stated the amount of obtained drugs, 65.6% explained drug indications, 70.0% explained the times of drug use, 22.2% explained drug interactions, and 25.5% explained drug storage.
Conclusion: The practice of drug information services by community pharmacists for self-medication services is very important to help patients avoid the dangers of irrational self-medication practices.
A Convolutional Neural Network for Automatic Brain Tumor Detection
Authors: Saeed Mohsen  , Wael Mohamed Fawaz Abdel-Rehim  , Ahmed Emam  , Hossam Mohamed Kasem
Published: May 2023

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combined with artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms to detect brain tumors is one of the important medical applications.  In this study, a Convolutional neural network (CNN) model is proposed to detect meningioma and pituitary, which was tested with a dataset consisting of two categories of tumors with 1,800 MRI images from several persons. The CNN model is trained via a Python library, namely TensorFlow, with an automatic tuning approach to obtain the highest testing accuracy of tumor detection. The CNN model used Python programming language in Google Colab to detect sensitivity, precision, the area under the PR and receiver operating characteristic (ROC), error matrix, and accuracy. The results show that the proposed CNN model has a high performance in the detection of brain tumors. It achieves an accuracy of 95.78% and a weighted average precision of 95.82%.
Clay Soil Stabilisation Using Bioenzyme
Authors: Ahammed Sufana , T Shamila
Published: May 2023

The engineering properties of the soils can be improvised, higher soil compaction densities are also possible, and soil stability is also increased by the use of a bio enzyme named Terrazyme. It is a naturally obtained, non-toxic, non-flammable, and non-corrosive liquid enzyme formulated from various fermented vegetables, fruits, sugarcane extracts and soil. It is possible to complement bio enzymes like coenzymes too. It is possible to determine the stability by varying the bio enzyme addition rates in the soil. Liquid limit, California Bearing Ratio, Unconfined compressive strength, and Compaction other tests can be carried out, and the findings are compared to the typical soil strength. So that we can withstand the failure of problematic soil that is commonly seen over our state. It's a major problem that infrastructural failure and traffic failure that is arising due to high loads coming from the superstructure, where it is not possible to be stranded by the soil strata in every case. Here various dosages were tried out such as 0.3%, 0.6% and 0.9%. Here samples were collected from three different parts of Kozhikode districts. Then finally I came to know that 0.6% of Terrazyme addition resulted in the best result in the three samples.
ЕЛЕМЕНТИ МАГИЧНОГ РЕАЛИЗМА У РОМАНУ ЛИМЕНИ ДОБОШ ГИНТЕРА ГРАСА
Authors: Д. Антић Маја
Published: May 2023

Der Roman Die Blechtrommel (1959) des Nobelpreisträgers Günter Grass zählt zu den bekanntesten Prosawerken der deutschen Nachkriegsliteratur. Die Blechtrommel wurde als autobiografisch, historisch, pikarisch, aber auch als didaktisch bzw. als Bildungs- oder Entwicklungsroman gekennzeichnet. Analysiert wurden seine Gattungsbestimmung, seine Rezeption, Verfilmung sowie dessen Kritik. Zahlreiche komparative Analysen wurden auch durchgeführt. Seit Ende des 20. Jahrhunderts wird dieser Roman immer öfter im Zusammenhang mit dem Magischen Realismus erwähnt. In Anbetracht der Tatsache, dass in der Germanistik die Deutung des Romans im Rahmen der magisch-realistischen Poetik bislang unerforscht blieb, beschäftigt sich der vorliegende Beitrag mit der Frage, inwieweit Elemente des magisch-realistischen Erzählverfahrens im Roman Die Blechtrommel zu erkennen sind. Das Ziel der Arbeit ist aufzuzeigen, dass dieses Prosawerk als Paradebeispiel des europäischen Magischen Realismus fungiert und dass die magisch-realistische Erzählstruktur die gesellschaftspolitische Wirklichkeitswahrnehmung relativiert, mit dem angestrebten Ziel sie zu demaskieren und neu zu bedenken.
ОСОБИНЕ КОНСОНАНТСКОГ СИСТЕМА СРПСКИХ ГОВОРА У РУМУНИЈИ (СВИНИЦА)
Authors: Љ. Судимац Нина
Published: May 2023

The paper presents the consonant features of Serbian speech in Romania, the region of Danube Gorge. Based on the field research conducted in September 2022, in Svinita, the most important consonant lines of this speech were presented, and they were compared with the neighboring speeches described. The research found almost all required consonant characteristics, as well as the numerous matches recorded in the descriptions of neighboring speeches.
LE SUBJONCTIF DANS LE FRANÇAIS DE L’ÉCONOMIE
Authors: G. Jaćović Jelena
Published: May 2023

L’objet de cet article est de démontrer quelles sont les valeurs du subjonctif figurant dans le discours économique. Étant un mode difficile à cerner vu son emploi complexe et riche en valeurs multiples, le subjonctif s’est montré très présent dans ce type de discours surtout dans le contexte des explications théoriques et des constructions d’hypothèses. Le corpus de recherche est constitué d’exemples tirés des manuels universitaires et des articles scientifiques concernant les domaines économiques tels que microéconomie, macroéconomie, et économie politique internationale. L’analyse s’appuie sur la Grammaire du sens et de l’expression de P. Charaudeau (1992) qui favorise une approche sémantique. Les résultats de recherche ont confirmé l’hypothèse que les valeurs du subjonctif sont aussi variées dans le français de l’économie que dans la langue générale. Ce fait renforce le point de vue que la langue d’un domaine spécialisé, malgré sa prédilection pour la simplicité, neutralité et objectivité n’est pas forcément dépourvu de l’abondance d’usages dont dispose la langue générale.
CROSS-LINGUISTIC INFLUENCE OF L2 ON COMPREHENSION OF L1 ACADEMIC VOCABULARY
Authors: Milovanović Jovana
Published: May 2023

This article reports on the findings of an empirical study of cross-linguistic lexical influence on the comprehension of cognates in Serbian and French, Italian or German language on one hand and non-cognates on the other hand. The lexical items chosen for the study are considered to belong to academic vocabulary. The participants are third and forth-year undergraduate students of French, Italian and German language respectively. They are all native speakers of Serbian language and speak English and at least one more foreign language. The participants took a multiple-choice test consisting of four types of words based on their formal similarities between Serbian and the three analysed L2 languages. Based on the results obtained in the study, we discuss cross-linguistic influence of foreign lexis on comprehension of words in participants’ L1, with special attention to both positive and negative effects of such an influence. We argue that multilingualism can be an important factor in the comprehension of academic vocabulary and can facilitate manipulation with this specific type of lexis.
KOMMER (ATT) + INFINITIV КАО ПРОСПЕКТИВНА КОНСТРУКЦИЈА У САВРЕМЕНОМ ШВЕДСКОМ ЈЕЗИКУ
Authors: В. Бабић Данијела
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we deal with construction kommer (att) + infinitive as one of the periphrastic means of expressing future predications in Modern Swedish. Aiming to investigate the construction’s modal meanings, we analyze nearly three hundred Swedish sentences with kommer (att) + infinitive as a future construction, focusing in particular on their basic syntactic-semantic features such as animacy of the subject and speaker’s involvement in, and control over a predication. Our initial investigation confirms that predictability stands out as a predominant modal meaning of kommer (att) + infinitive. Further investigation shows that there are cases in which kommer (att) + infinitive indicates speaker’s plans and intentions, and brings out intentionality as the main modal feature of a statement. We conclude our investigation with cases where modal meanings of kommer (att) + infinitive can be regarded as tending toward non-existent (“zero” modality). Considering that the descriptions in general reference works more often than not lead to a conclusion that expressing predictions is the only modal feature of kommer (att) + infinitive as a future construction in Modern Swedish, we point out that more comprehensive descriptions of the construction’s modal meanings should be offered in the future.
MOTIVATION FOR ENROLMENT AND THE STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES AT THE FACULTY OF PHILOSOPHY IN NIŠ REGARDING THE GERMAN LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE STUDY PROGRAMME
Authors: Đ. Đukić Mirzayantz Marina , M. Momčilović Nikoleta
Published: May 2023

This paper reports on the motivation for enrolment and the students’ attitudes at the Faculty of Philosophy in Niš regarding the German language and literature study programme. The aim of the research was obtaining concrete data which will serve as the basis for its improvement. An anonymous survey was conducted from June to September 2021. The research sample included 55 students in the first, second and third year. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that among all the surveyed students intrinsic motivation predominates as regards the choice of the German language and literature study programme. As indicated in the findings, the interest in the German language and their desire to master it well were at the top of the list of motivating factors. Half of the students enrolled in their studies in order to work as German language teachers. The students’ suggestions indicate the need to introduce more professional translation and practice in presentation and public speaking skills. The study also reveals that the vast majority of the students are satisfied with their choice of philology studies and that they assess their future perspectives and opportunities for professional development as good.
БИБЛИОГРАФИЈЕ АУТОРСКИХ ПРИЛОГА ИЗ ПЕРИОДИЧНИХ ПУБЛИКАЦИЈА: КА ЛИСТОЛОШКОМ ПРИСТУПУ
Authors: З. Милић Јелена
Published: May 2023

On the example of two different bibliographic approaches to listed authors articles from periodical publications, in our research we indicate the applicability of the listological approach to this material. In the introduction, we provide insights into the continuity of interest in bibliography in the Serbian scientific tradition, with reviews of its history and theory, from the beginnings in Orfelins Calendar for 1766. and the Slavo-Serbian Magazine (1768), which were on the border between theoretical and critical thinking about literary works and their bibliographic listing. We also refer to previous theoretical approaches to bibliography in Serbian literary science, and shows that they did not give special attention to the question of its reception. After a brief review of the basic theses of listology (theory of list), in the last segment of the research we analyze the possibilities of applying the listological method to bibliographic lists of authors articles in periodical publications.
МАЈСКИ РАЗГОВОРИ О ПОЕЗИЈИ ТОМИСЛАВА МАРИНКОВИЋА
Authors: В. Јовановић Јелена
Published: May 2023

Зборник радова Поезија Томислава Маринковића у издању Задужбине „Де- асанка Максимовић“, Народне библиотеке Србије и Института за књижевност и уметност објединио је истраживања представљена на истоименом научном скупу, одржаном 16. новембра 2021. године, а посвећеном добитнику награде „Десанка Максимовић“ за 2020. годину. Публикација је подељена у четири тематска блока и садржи осамнаест радова. Научним огледима претходи „Уводна реч“ уредница С. Шеатовић и Ј. Алексић у оквиру које је дат сажет увид у песничку поетику као и у текстове заступљене у зборнику. На крају зборника налази се „Индекс имена“ који је сачинила Катарина Пантовић.
КАКО ЛАКО (ПРО)ГОВОРИТИ НА СРПСКОМ – СРПСКИ КАО СТРАНИ ЈЕЗИК НА ФИЛОЗОФСКОМ ФАКУЛТЕТУ У НИШУ У СВЕТЛУ МЕТОДИКЕ
Authors: Љ. Судимац Нина
Published: May 2023

Интересовање странаца да науче и савладају српски језик потиче још из периода XIX века, када се и методика српског као страног језика спомиње – у нешто скромнијем облику него што је то данас. Од тада па све до средине XX века настав- ници српског као страног језика проналазили су различите приступе и могућности како би на најлакши могући начин странцима приближили наш језик, а прва озбиљ- нија истраживања која су имала за циљ да систематизују и теоријски и практично приближе усвајање страног језика из угла наставе јавила су се педесетих година про- шлог века. Тада почињу да се пишу прве студије, расправе, радови, спроводе прва емпиријска истраживања, а пишу се и уџбеници (са радним свескама) у којима је представљен садржај који странци треба да усвоје. У таквом расположењу и духу стваране су прилике да се отварају центри – специјализовани за учење српског као страног језика, углавном при факултетима филолошке и филозофске оријентације у Србији. Тако је фебруара 2013. године основан Центар за српски као страни и нема- терњи језик на Филозофском факултету Универзитета у Нишу и тада почиње једно плодотворно раздобље у којима су наставници и сарадници имали могућности да се нађу у улози наставника српског као страног језика. Као резултат вишегодишњег и посвећеног рада у Центру настао је и рукопис који је пред нама и који представља први универзитетски уџбеник из ове области – намењен студентима.
TINGKAT KEPARAHAN PENYAKIT KARAT DAUN TANAMAN KOPI LIBERIKA PADA LAHAN GAMBUT KEBUN RAYA SRIWIJAYA PROVINSI SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Maryani Sri , Zelika Shakeilla Aretha
Published: May 2023

Penyakit karat daun yang disebabkan oleh H. vastatrix merupakan penyakit yang sangat merugikan pada tanaman kopi karena dapat mematikan tanaman. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui tingkat keparahan penyakit karat daun H. vastatrix pada tanaman kopi liberika    di demplot tanam Kebun Raya Sriwijaya. Kegiatan penelitian telah dilakukan di Kebun Raya Sriwijaya, Desa Bakung Kecamatan Inderalaya Utara, Provinsi Sumatera Selatan pada bulan Oktober-Nopember 2021. Observasi dilakukan di demplot tanam Kebun Raya Sriwijaya terhadap daun-daun tanaman kopi liberika dari beberapa pohon pada tiga demplot tanam yang terserang penyakit karat daun H. vastatrix. Ketahanan terhadap H. vastatrix diamati dengan melihat gejala serangan pada daun di setiap pohon. Metode acak dengan perhitungan analisis intensitas penyakit tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa : Nilai Intensitas serangan penyakit tertinggi terjadi pada demplot 1 yaitu sebesar 44,67 % sehingga termasuk tingkat kerusakan tanaman pada skala 3. Pengendalian penyakit jamur  H. vastarix pada tanaman kopi liberika di lahan gambut dengan karakteristik lahan yang asam dapat dilakukan dengan penggunaan varietas kopi yang tahan, dan penggunaan fungisida alami yang ramah lingkungan.
DESAIN NOISE BARRIER LIGHT RAIL TRANSIT (LRT) PALEMBANG UNTUK MENGURANGI TINGKAT KEBISINGAN
Authors: Arliansyah Joni , Kadarsa Edi , Melania Rida
Published: May 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kebisingan yang ditimbulkan oleh LRT kota Palembang saat melintas jika dibandingkan dengan standar yang berlaku sesuai keputusan Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup No. 48/MENLH/11/1996 Republik dan standar World Health Organization (WHO). Kemudian, untuk mengetahui peta paparan pengaruh kebisingan terhadap sekitar area rel LRT Palembang dan untuk merekomendasikan desain barrier yang efektif dalam mengurangi kebisingan LRT saat melintas. Pengambilan data dilakukan di 3 lokasi yaitu 2 lokasi tikungan LRT Kota Palembang di Jl. Jend. Sudirman dan Jl. Demang Lebar Daun serta 1 lokasi lurus yaitu di Jl. A. Rivai. Dari hasil analisis, tingkat kebisingan tertinggi saat LRT melintas terdapat pada area tikungan sebesar 91, 68327 dBA. Semua nilai kebisingan yang didapat dalam analisis peta paparan pada jarak terjauh yang masih dijangkau dalam analisis juga menunjukkan nilai yang masih sangat tinggi. Dalam penelitian menunjukkan bahwa desain barrier yang paling direkomendasikan dalam mengurangi tingkat kebisingan LRT adalah material polycarbonate dengan massa  jenis 14 kg/m2, tebal 12 mm dan nilai transmission loss 33 dBA. Material ini memiliki tebal yang tipis dan massa jenis yang rendah serta memiliki nilai transmission loss yang besar, sehingga material ini lebih tipis, ringan dan dapat mereduksi kebisingan yang lebih besar dibandingkan material lainnya yaitu, dengan nilai kebisingan setelah direduksi sebesar 58.68327 dBA.
A Yoga-based pulmonary rehabilitation for the management of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A Randomized controlled trial
Authors: Raj Namrata , Bhati Deepak , Arya Akhil
Published: May 2023

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity, mortality, and health care use. COPD -Chronic obstructive pulmonary Disease (COPD), a common preventable and treatable disease, is characterized by persistent airflow limitation that is usually progressive and associated with an enhanced chronic inflammatory response in the airways and the lung to the noxious particles or gases. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of Yoga Therapy in the management of dyspnea and fatigue in patients with COPD. Inclusion criteria: 1. Age > 18 years. 2. History, examination and PFT consistent with COPD as per GOLD guidelines. PFT showing: -FEV1/FVC < 0.70 -irreversible bronchial obstructions (<12% and /or <200ml increase in FEV1 or FVC, 20 minutes after the administration of 200μg of inhaled salbutamol). Exclusion criteria: 1. History of acute respiratory tract infection in the past 4 weeks prior to study. 2. History of medication with antibiotics and /or steriods (oral, injection or inhalation) in the previous 4 weeks prior to study. 3. Patients with cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, Neuro -masculo-skeletal deficits, tuberculosis, hepatic or renal diseases. 4. Pregnant and lactating females. 5. History of thyroid disorders, parathyroid disorder and thyroidectomy. Materials and methods: A randomised controlled trial at New Delhi India hospital a Tertiary care unit:Sixty COPD patients (18 to 60years) ,both male and female were recruited. The yoga group received an intervention Yoga module for COPD that included asanas, loosening practices, breathing practices, pranayama, meditation, yogic counseling and lectures 45 min/day, 3days/weeks on alternate days for 12 weeks. Primary and secondary outcomes: Measurements of dyspnea and fatigue on the spirometry, exercise capacity by the 6 min walk test, COPD QUESSIONAIRE, and C –Reactive protein (CRP) for inflammatory response were made before and after the intervention.Results: Statistically significant within group reductions in dyspnea (P <0.001), COPD quessionaire (P <0.001) scores, CRP (P <0.001), and 6 min walk distance (P <0.001) were observed in the yoga group; all except the last were significant compared to controls (P <0.001). Conclusions: Findings indicate that yoga benefits patients with COPD. Yoga can now be included as an adjunct to conventional therapy for pulmonary rehabilitation to most cases of COPD can be prevented by Yoga programs for COPD patients.
Bottlenose Anole (Anolis festae)
Authors: Arteaga Alejandro
Published: May 2023

This is the species account about the Bottlenose Anole (Anolis festae), a chapter in the Reptiles of Ecuador book. This account summarizes novel as well as historical information (recognition, natural history, distribution, conservation, etymology, and relevant literature) about the species and provides maps and images to facilitate identification of this reptile in the field.
Dracula Anole (Anolis dracula)
Authors: Arteaga Alejandro
Published: May 2023

This is the species account about the Dracula Anole (Anolis dracula), a chapter in the Reptiles of Ecuador book. This account summarizes novel as well as historical information (recognition, natural history, distribution, conservation, etymology, and relevant literature) about the species and provides maps and images to facilitate identification of this reptile in the field.
Equatorial Anole (Anolis aequatorialis)
Authors: Arteaga Alejandro
Published: May 2023

This is the species account about the Equatorial Anole (Anolis aequatorialis), a chapter in the Reptiles of Ecuador book. This account summarizes novel as well as historical information (recognition, natural history, distribution, conservation, etymology, and relevant literature) about the species and provides maps and images to facilitate identification of this reptile in the field.
Impact of Brand Personality on Brand Loyalty: The Mediating Role of Self-Congruence and Brand Trust
Authors: Tariq Saroosh , Zahra Rida , Tariq Anum
Published: May 2023

The study examines the impact of brand personality on brand loyalty. It also explores the mediating role of self-congruence and brand trust on the relationship between brand personality and brand loyalty. With today’s competitive environment, it has become increasingly challenging and important for companies to increase the customer retention. To trespass and achieve the highest point in the competition, companies have been rigorously looking for customs to make powerful brand relations with the customers. This study concludes that due to brand personality the consumer become loyal towards brand and purchase products from the specific brand. The act of self-congruence on brand personality increases the brand loyalty, when the personality of the brand matches the personality of the consumer, this enhances self-congruence and trust of the consumers on trust which will lead to increase in the loyalty of consumers towards brand. On the basis of results implications, limitations and future directions of the study were conferred.
Risk Aversion and Entrepreneurial financing Behavior in presence of Self-Efficacy and Cultural Values
Authors: Ali Huma , Malik Muhammad Shaukat , Anjum Muhammad Anees
Published: May 2023

Risk aversion is adopted as a valuable and workable access to understand the capitalist financing behaviour. Other variables also have been widely examined to check the results on entrepreneurial financing behavior. Yet, how risk aversion affects entrepreneurial financing behavior with mediating effect of self-efficacy and moderating effects of living style values. The basic aim of this paper to build the integrated model, based on mediating effect of self-efficacy to examine the straight and un-straight result of risk aversion on capitalist financing behavior. In last paper first author uses demographic analysis to study and underlying the mediating force of self-efficacy and moderating effects of cultural values. Then implement correlation and regression analysis to explore the relationship of the variables. In this struggle 371 survey responses gathered from business degree students to show the analysis. The mediating effect of self-efficacy is directly and positively linked with entrepreneurial financing behavior. There is a straight relationship and un-straight relationship of risk hatred and entrepreneurial financing behavior also exists through the mediation effect of self-efficacy. Doubling the value of this sample size can be selected from various educational backgrounds to enhance the significance of this survey. Risk aversion is directly acting upon the entrepreneurial financing behavior.