bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Can Bulgarian Yogurt enhance astronauts’ performance during the Mars Missions?
Authors: Shopova Izabela , Bogueva Diana , Yotova Maria , Danova Svetla
Published: December 2023

Probiotics (pro-for and bio- health) from yogurt are one of the most effective means to stimulate and strengthen the immune system. They help balance and regulate the digestive system, as well as preserve and enrich the gut microbiome. Maintaining a healthy gut microbiome is crucial for human health and well-being, especially for astronauts living in confined and stressful environments, such as those on a mission to Mars. One way to promote gut microbiome diversity is through diet, and Bulgarian yogurt (kiselo mlyako in Bulgarian: киceлo млякo) made with Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus has shown positive effects on gut health. This paper explores the potential of regular production and consumption of gut-beneficial foods, such as yogurt, during space travel. It analyses whether the dietary limitations and challenges in providing varied and fresh food for astronauts could be addressed through the addition and daily consumption of Bulgarian yogurt. To investigate this, we conducted an experiment with a team of analog astronauts participating in a two-week analog mission in a closed, Mars-like environment at the Mars Desert Research Station in the Utah desert, the USA. In compliment to all recognized health effects of yogurt, the analog astronauts reported that it can be easily prepared and had a positive effect on their overall well-being and gut health. Our study demonstrated the feasibility of incorporating freshly made yogurt into the astronauts’ diet and its potential to significantly contribute to achieving good health and well-being, which is an important goal in the colonization of other planets, such as Mars.
CT validation of intraoperative imageless navigation (Naviswiss) for component positioning accuracy in primary total hip arthroplasty in supine patient position: a prospective observational cohort study in a single-surgeon practice
Authors: Scholes Corey , Schwagli Tobias , Ireland John
Published: December 2023

Background

The aim of this study was to report on the validity of the Naviswiss handheld image-free navigation device for accurate intraoperative measurement of THA component positioning, in comparison with the three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of computed tomography (CT) images as the gold standard.

Methods

A series of patients presenting to a single-surgeon clinic with end-stage hip osteoarthritis received primary hip arthroplasty with the anterolateral muscle-sparing surgical approach in the supine position. Imageless navigation was applied during the procedure with bone-mounted trackers applied to the greater trochanter and ASIS. Patients underwent routine CT scans before and after surgery and these were analyzed by using three-dimensional reconstruction to generate cup orientation, offset and leg length changes, which were compared to the intraoperative measurements provided by the navigation system. Estimates of agreement between the intraoperative and image-derived measurements were assessed with and without correction for bias and declared cases with potential measurement issues.

Results

The mean difference between intraoperative and postoperative CT measurements was within 2° for angular measurements and 2 mm for leg length. Absolute differences for the two indices were between 5° and 4 mm. Mean bias was 1.9°–3.6° underestimation for cup orientation and up to 2 mm overestimation for leg length change, but absolute thresholds of 10° and 10 mm were not exceeded by 95% limits of agreement (LOA), especially after correction for bias. Four cases (12%) were declared intraoperatively for issues with fixation on the greater trochanter. Inclusion of these cases generated acceptable accuracy overall and their omission failed to improve between-case variability in accuracy or LOA for both offset and leg length.

Conclusions

The accuracy of the Naviswiss system applied during primary THA in a supine position and anterolateral surgical approach falls within clinically acceptable recommendations for acetabular cup placement, femoral offset, and length. With refinements to surgical technique to adapt to the navigation hardware, the system could be further improved with regression-based bias correction.

Trial registration

Registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12618000317291)
Exploring long-term outcomes in COPD patients: a comprehensive narrative review of bilateral and single lung transplantation
Authors: Taghdiri Andia
Published: December 2023

Background

Millions of people throughout the world suffer from the common and fatal respiratory disorder known as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Lung transplantation gives hope to individuals with end-stage COPD, with both bilateral lung transplantation and single lung transplantation being effective procedures. The complexity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is underscored by various factors influencing transplant outcomes, including patient characteristics, donor features, and complications post-transplantation.

Methodology

This narrative review explores recent studies on bilateral and single lung transplantation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients, focusing on research published after 2020. Databases like PubMed and Google Scholar were used with keywords such as “COPD,” “lung transplantation,” “bilateral lung transplantation,” and “single lung transplantation” guided the research, emphasizing survival rates, quality of life, and post-transplant complications. Five selected articles encompassing 63,426 patients were examined, evaluating methodological variations among the studies.

Results

The selected studies showed no unanimous agreement on whether bilateral or single lung transplantation is superior for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Bilateral lung transplantation exhibited higher mid- and long-term survival rates, influenced significantly by age, comorbidities, and disease profiles. Improved quality of life was observed with bilateral transplantation, but this outcome depended on external circumstances. Post-transplant complications emphasized the need for rigorous post-transplant care.

Conclusions

Individualized assessments are crucial when choosing between bilateral and single lung transplantation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Despite varying research results, bilateral transplantation generally offers better survival and quality of life. Informed decisions require personalized post-transplant care, standardized reporting, and consistent research methods. Emphasizing donor management, preventing chronic lung allograft dysfunction, and prioritizing patient-centered care is vital. Collaborative efforts and patient-focused strategies are essential for improving long-term outcomes in these patients undergoing lung transplantation.
Epidemiologic factors associated with neonatal bowel perforations in Uganda: experience from a single tertiary referral hospital
Authors: Okello Innocent , Kakembo Nasser , Kisa Phyllis , Nimanya Stella , Stephens Caroline Q. , Yap Ava , Wesonga Anne S. , Naluyimbazi Rovine , Sekabira John
Published: December 2023

Background

Neonatal bowel perforations pose a significant disease burden for pediatric surgeons around the world. However, very little is known about these perforations in low-income settings. This study aims to investigate the epidemiology of neonatal perforations at a tertiary hospital in Uganda.

Results

Twenty neonates with bowel perforation who were admitted to a single national referral hospital from May 2020 to April 2021 were included. Fifty-five percent (n = 11) of the neonates in this cohort were male, and 16 were term with birth weight above 2.5 kg. Thirteen were below 1 week of age and all maternal ages were less than 40 years. Pneumoperitoneum was the most common finding on erect abdominal X-ray and colon was the frequent site of perforation. Forty percent of the babies in this cohort had blood group O+. Fifty-five percent of our patients died before discharge.

Conclusion

Outcomes for neonatal bowel perforations are still dismal. Health workers taking care of neonates should have a high index of suspicion for neonatal gastrointestinal perforations.
The Roles of Protocols and Protocolization in Improving Outcome From Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Chesnut Randall M. , Temkin Nancy , Videtta Walter , Lujan Silvia , Petroni Gustavo , Pridgeon Jim , Dikmen Sureyya , Chaddock Kelley , Hendrix Terence , Barber Jason , Machamer Joan , Guadagnoli Nahuel , Hendrickson Peter , Alanis Victor , La Fuente Gustavo , Lavadenz Arturo , Merida Roberto , Sandi Lora Freddy , Romero Ricardo , Pinillos Oscar , Urbina Zulma , Figueroa Jairo , Ochoa Marcelo , Davila Rafael , Mora Jacobo , Bustamante Luis , Perez Carlos , Leiva Jorge , Carricondo Carlos , Mazzola Ana Maria , Guerra Juan
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Our Phase-I parallel-cohort study suggested that managing severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) in the absence of intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring using an ad hoc Imaging and Clinical Examination (ICE) treatment protocol was associated with superior outcome vs nonprotocolized management but could not differentiate the influence of protocolization from that of the specific protocol. Phase II investigates whether adopting the Consensus REVised Imaging and Clinical Examination (CREVICE) protocol improved outcome directly or indirectly via protocolization.

METHODS:

We performed a Phase-II sequential parallel-cohort study examining adoption of the CREVICE protocol from no protocol vs a previous protocol in patients with sTBI older than 13 years presenting ≤24 hours after injury. Primary outcome was prespecified 6-month recovery. The study was done mostly at public South American centers managing sTBI without ICP monitoring. Fourteen Phase-I nonprotocol centers and 5 Phase-I protocol centers adopted CREVICE. Data were analyzed using generalized estimating equation regression adjusting for demographic imbalances.

RESULTS:

A total of 501 patients (86% male, mean age 35.4 years) enrolled; 81% had 6 months of follow-up. Adopting CREVICE from no protocol was associated with significantly superior results for overall 6-month extended Glasgow Outcome Score (GOSE) (protocol effect = 0.53 [0.11, 0.95], P = .013), mortality (36% vs 21%, HR = 0.59 [0.46, 0.76], P < .001), and orientation (Galveston Orientation and Amnesia Test discharge protocol effect = 10.9 [6.0, 15.8], P < .001, 6-month protocol effect = 11.4 [4.1, 18.6], P < .005). Adopting CREVICE from ICE was associated with significant benefits to GOSE (protocol effect = 0.51 [0.04, 0.98], P = .033), 6-month mortality (25% vs 18%, HR = 0.55 [0.39, 0.77], P < .001), and orientation (Galveston Orientation and Amnesia Test 6-month protocol effect = 9.2 [3.6, 14.7], P = .004). Comparing both groups using CREVICE, those who had used ICE previously had significantly better GOSE (protocol effect = 1.15 [0.09, 2.20], P = .033).

CONCLUSION:

Centers managing adult sTBI without ICP monitoring should strongly consider protocolization through adopting/adapting the CREVICE protocol. Protocolization is indirectly supported at sTBI centers regardless of resource availability.
Coilin mediates m6A RNA methylation through phosphorylation of METTL3
Authors: McLaurin Douglas M. , Tucker Sara K. , Hebert Michael D.
Published: December 2023

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression. An important step in miRNA biogenesis occurs when primary miRNAs are bound and cleaved by the microprocessor to generate precursor miRNAs. Regulation at this step is essential and one such regulator includes m6A RNA methylation, an RNA modification found on primary miRNAs that is installed by METTL3 and bound by hnRNPA2B1. Our lab has recently discovered that the Cajal body marker protein coilin also participates in miRNA biogenesis and hypothesized that coilin may be influencing miRNA biogenesis through m6A RNA methylation. Here we report that coilin suppression reduces m6A on primary Let7a and miR-21. We also found that coilin suppression reduced the protein expression of hnRNPA2B1 and METTL3. We observed an interaction between coilin and ectopically expressed METTL3 and found that coilin suppression reduced the nucleoplasmic portion of METTL3 and blunted ectopic METTL3 phosphorylation. Finally, coilin suppression disrupted the greater METTL3 complex with cofactors METTL14 and WTAP. Collectively, our work has uncovered a role for coilin in mediating m6A RNA methylation and provides an avenue by which coilin participates in miRNA biogenesis.
The The street-level bureaucracy research agenda in the pandemic context: An integrative review
Authors: Fonseca Carlos Eduardo Guilarducci , Emmendoerfer Magnus Luiz , Valadares Josiel Lopes
Published: December 2023

The implementation of public policies in crisis situations is a scarce field of study, especially at the street level, in which there is interaction between the State and the citizen. The pandemic as a crisis affected the autonomy of frontline professionals and shaped their behavior, especially influenced by organizational and relational factors. This way, the study explores the research agenda in the context of the pandemic, available in the Web of Science database, seeking to understand its influence on street-level implementation of public policies, using the integrative review method for this purpose. Additionally, an attempt was made to understand how the use of software contributes to data analysis, pointing out its advantages and limitations. For this, VOSviewer 1.6.17 was used. The main results revealed that crisis contexts such as the pandemic profoundly influence the implementation of public policies at the street level with negative impacts on user service. The research focus defined has limitations due to the lack of advances in the number of data analyzed, but contributes to a better understanding of the influences of crises for implementation of public policies at the street level. Investigations on the emotional consequences to the front line and the approach to action during the crisis by professionals who deal daily with emergency situations such as firefighters and professionals of mobile vehicles of the medical emergency network are indicated.
The rise of the throat distemper
Authors: Hussain Aneela
Published: December 2023

Diphtheria vaccination in the EPI program has controlled much of the childhood infection. Nevertheless, sporadic adult cases of Diphtheria come up every now and then in Pakistan and other South-Asian countries. This is, most likely, due to the lack of booster dosing of Diphtheria vaccine in adulthood. In an effort to suppress the spread of this infection, adult vaccinations need to be mandated.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.2(ICON).8954

How to cite this: Hussain A. The rise of the throat distemper. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(2):S85-S86. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.2(ICON).8954

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Θεοί και θνητοί στον Ιππόλυτο του Ευριπίδη
Authors: Ταταρίδης Ευάγγελος
Published: December 2023

Η επικοινωνία με τους θεούς στην αρχαιότητα μπορούσε να λάβει διάφορες μορφές. Οι θρησκευτικές τελετές, οι προσευχές, οι προσφορές και οι ύμνοι αποτελούσαν συνήθεις τρόπους (καθημερινής) επικοινωνίας των ανθρώπων με τους θεούς. Οι θεοί κατά το πλείστον απαντούσαν έμμεσα και εξαρτιόταν από τους θνητούς να δεχτούν και να κατανοήσουν ορθώς τα σημάδια των θεών. Η παρούσα διατριβή εξετάζει την επικοινωνία μεταξύ των θεών και των θνητών στον Ιππόλυτο του Ευριπίδη εστιάζοντας στους παραπάνω τρόπους, διευρύνοντας όμως το ζήτημα και σε περιπτώσεις άμεσης επικοινωνίας και διάδρασης των θεών μέσω άλλων προσώπων. Πρόκειται εξάλλου για δράμα στο οποίο η επικοινωνία προτάσσεται στον πρόλογο ως κεντρικό θέμα: η άρνηση επικοινωνίας του Ιππολύτου με την Αφροδίτη και η υπέρβαση των ορίων στην επικοινωνία του με την Άρτεμη συνιστούν την αιτία των γεγονότων, στην οποία οφείλονται οι περιπέτειες και η τραγικότητα των προσώπων του δράματος. Στα επιμέρους κεφάλαια της διατριβής επιχειρείται η συγκριτική εξέταση των τρόπων με τους οποίους έκαστος ήρωας επικοινωνεί με τους θεούς, η πιθανή απάντηση των τελευταίων και η πρόσληψη των θεϊκών μηνυμάτων από κάθε πρόσωπο χωριστά. Η ανάλυση αποσκοπεί στην προσέγγιση και περιγραφή της θρησκευτικής πίστης των δραματικών προσώπων, η οποία καθορίζει το πλαίσιο της επικοινωνίας με τους θεούς. Η συγκριτική εξέταση των επιμέρους θρησκευτικών πεποιθήσεων στα συμπεράσματα καταλήγει σε μια ευρύτερη θεολογική αντίληψη, βάσει της οποίας οι θεοί δρουν ως συμπληρωματικές δυνάμεις, αντίθετες μεν, αλλά όχι αντιμαχόμενες· ομοιάζουν με τις φυσικές δυνάμεις που αμφότερες ρυθμίζουν την ισορροπία του κόσμου. Οι θνητοί ήρωες υποτάσσονται ή πρέπει να υποτάσσονται σε αυτές, όπως υποτάσσονται στις δυνάμεις της φύσης, καθώς η άρνηση, η υπέρβαση ή η υπερβολή καταλήγουν σε διαταραχή, επιφέροντας πάθη και καταστροφή. Την ισορροπία ρυθμίζει και επιβάλλει ο νόμος του Δία, τον οποίο οφείλουν να σέβονται οι θνητοί (όπως κάνουν και οι θεοί) ακολουθώντας το μέτρο (μηδὲν ἄγαν).
Κ-absolutely pure συμπλέγματα και ευσταθείς κατηγορίες στη gorenstein ομολογική άλγεβρα
Authors: Καπερώνης Ηλίας
Published: December 2023

Εξετάζουμε την κλάση των K-absolutely pure συμπλεγμάτων. Δηλαδή τα συμπλέγματα τα οποία είναι δεξιά ορθογώνια όλων των ακυκλικών συμπλεγμάτων pure-προβολικών προτύπων. Η κλάση των K-absolutely pure συμπλεγμάτων είναι preenveloping στην ομοτοπική κατηγορία. Πιο αναλυτικά, η κλάση των Κ-absolutely pure συμπλεγμάτων είναι η δεξιά κλάση σε ένα bousfield localizing ζεύγος και το Verdier πηλίκο της ομοτοπικής κατηγοριάς με την κλάση των Κ-absolutely pure συμπλεγμάτων είναι ισοδύναμο με την ομοτοπική κατηγορία των ακυκλικών συμπλεγμάτων pure-προβολικών προτύπων. Επιπλέον, μελετάμε τα K-absolutely pure συμπλέγματα μέσω της pure derived κατηγορίας ενός δακτυλίου και επιπλέον μελετάμε το ρόλο των strongly fp-injective προτύπων στη μελέτη των K-absolutely pure συμπλεγμάτων. Στρέφουμε τώρα την προσοχή μας στην Gorenstein Ομολογική Άλγεβρα, αποδεικνύουμε ικανές και αναγκαίες συνθήκες ώστε ένα πρότυπο πεπερασμένης Gorenstein επίπεδης διάστασης να είναι PGF ή πεπερασμένης επίπεδης διάστασης.
Pesticide exposure and rhinitis: A cross-sectional study among farmers in Pitsanulok, Thailand
Authors: Juntarawijit Yuwayong , Juntarawijit Chudchawal
Published: December 2023

Background Pesticide exposure has been suspected as a cause of rhinitis, a common disease that affects the health and well-being of millions of people around the world. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the association between pesticide use and rhinitis prevalence among farmers in Phitsanulok province, Thailand. Methods Data on historical pesticide use and rhinitis were collected by an in-person interview questionnaire. Data from 9,649 participants were included in the analysis. The association between pesticide exposure and rhinitis was determined by multiple variable logistic regression, adjusted for potential confounding factors. Results The study found an association between pesticide exposure and the prevalence of rhinitis. The association was consistent across various types of pesticides (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, rodenticides, and molluscicides) and individual pesticides. Some of the relationships were in a dose-response pattern. This finding was new as previous studies often reported the association of only a few specific pesticides. Conclusions The results from this large cross-sectional study supports existing literature on the potential effects of pesticides on rhinitis. In addition, the analysis showed that the rhinitis effect might be in fact related to the properties of the types of pesticides rather than individual chemical toxicity. The impact of pesticides on rhinitis should receive more attention from public health and other organizations responsible for the farmers’ health.
Student perceptions of handover diaries and reflective learning in an undergraduate MBChB anatomy course.
Authors: McDougall Seaneen
Published: December 2023

Background The time spent on basic sciences, including clinical anatomy, is decreasing in many medical curricula. While dissection is often seen as a cornerstone of medical education, there is increasing pressure to ensure time spent undertaking dissection is an efficient use of student time. As part of an MBChB clinical anatomy course , 1st year students were asked to complete ‘dissection handover diaries’, designed through evidence-based pedagogy on reflection and engagement, which encouraged them to reflect on the dissection session and consider clinical applications of the anatomy covered in the session. Student engagement with an activity is important for it to be beneficial to their educational experience. This engagement is often increased when students perceive the activity to be useful to their learning. Methods A survey was conducted, over two practical lab sessions on the final day of year one dissection in March 2023, using five Likert-type questions and one free-text question to evaluate student perceptions of the newly introduced dissection handover diaries. The survey was developed based on similar studies investigating student preference in dissection-based activities and questions were designed to elicit student perceptions on the usefulness of the diaries with respect to encouraging reflection, clinical application and student engagement in the sessions. Students were asked for constructive comments about the diaries in a free-text response question. Analysis was conducted using quantitative frequency distributions of survey responses as well as qualitative thematic analysis of the free text question. Results Of a total of 228 students, 64 participated in the survey, a response rate of 28%. The results were positive overall, with many respondents identifying the diaries as beneficial for reflection, consolidation, clinical application, and engagement. Conclusions Students perceived the dissection handover diaries to be useful to their anatomical learning, as well as encouraging reflection and application of knowledge.
Optimizing surgical training in paediatric ophthalmology: perspectives from a major tertiary metropolitan teaching centre in Australia
Authors: Raj Christolyn , Hodge Christopher
Published: December 2023

Aim A core competency in ophthalmology training programs is paediatric strabismus surgery. Surgical teaching in this area has not yet been evaluated. To quantitatively evaluate paediatric strabismus teaching over a 5-year period. Materials and methods A consecutive, retrospective review of strabismus surgery performed by all surgeons at The Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne, from Jan 2018 to Dec 2022. Results Five aspects relevant to surgical teaching: i). the pandemic adversely affected training ii). operating time for a trainee was: 57.8mins +/- 16mins per case iii). Surgical alignment outcomes were excellent in 34.1 to 43.4% cases and poor in 4 to 6% of cases. iv). Significantly higher incidence of adverse events among junior trainees compared to Fellows (71.4% vs. 46.7%, p = 0.003) v). Most adverse events were minor Discussion Surgical operating time is impacted by case selection and reinforces the need for supervisors to be mindful of the trainee’s competency level when preparing surgical lists. The majority of cases performed by trainees had an adequate outcome. The high incidence of adverse events among junior trainees highlights the need to focus our teaching on common pitfall areas using didactic teaching methods including technology-based teaching such as virtual simulators.
Diameter, height and species of 42 million trees in three European landscapes generated from field data and airborne laser scanning data
Authors: Aussenac Raphaël , Monnet Jean-Matthieu , Klopčič Matija , Hawryło Paweł , Socha Jarosław , Mahnken Mats , Gutsch Martin , Cordonnier Thomas , Vallet Patrick
Published: December 2023

Ecology and forestry sciences are using an increasing amount of data to address a wide variety of technical and research questions at the local, continental and global scales. However, one type of data remains rare: fine-grain descriptions of large landscapes. Yet, this type of data could help address the scaling issues in ecology and could prove useful for testing forest management strategies and accurately predicting the dynamics of ecosystem services. Here we present three datasets describing three large European landscapes in France, Poland and Slovenia down to the tree level. Tree diameter, height and species data were generated combining field data, vegetation maps and airborne laser scanning (ALS) data following an area-based approach. Together, these landscapes cover more than 100 000 ha and consist of more than 42 million trees of 51 different species. Alongside the data, we provide here a simple method to produce high-resolution descriptions of large landscapes using increasingly available data: inventory and ALS data. We carried out an in-depth evaluation of our workflow including, among other analyses, a leave-one-out cross validation. Overall, the landscapes we generated are in good agreement with the landscapes they aim to reproduce. In the most favourable conditions, the root mean square error (RMSE) of stand basal area (BA) and mean quadratic diameter (Dg) predictions were respectively 5.4 m2.ha-1 and 3.9 cm, and the generated main species corresponded to the observed main species in 76.2% of cases.
The genome sequence of the Single-dotted Wave, Idaea dimidiata (Hufnagel, 1767)
Authors: Sims Ian , Lees David C. , Phillips Dominic ,   Natural History Museum Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: December 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Idaea dimidiata (the Single-dotted Wave; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Geometridae). The genome sequence is 422.6 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 20 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 17.04 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 18,351 protein coding genes.
The genome sequence of a weevil, Polydrusus cervinus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Barclay Maxwell V. L. ,   Natural History Museum Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: December 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Polydrusus cervinus (a weevil; Arthropoda; Insecta; Coleoptera; Curculionidae). The genome sequence is 713.4 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 11 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the X sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 18.22 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 23,058 protein coding genes.
Healthcare's Catch-22
Authors: Montoya Isaac
Published: December 2023

Over the decades, hospitals have slowly evolved from humanitarian foundations to business ventures and the impact of this dramatic shift can be seen in modern day healthcare. In the United States, hospitals typically establish arbitrary pricing methods, instruct staff to offer the highest priced services, and demand intense labor from residents without offering a fair compensation. These changes in vision and action have resulted in an ample number of Americans in tremendous medical debt. Incorporating evidence from reviews, personal anecdotes, and research journals, this manuscript demonstrates that hospitals are run with the intention of generating the most profit and revenue rather than with the noble purpose of philanthropy from which the idea of hospitals were first conceived. It argues that hospitals have long benefitted from generous tax breaks, there is a need for an intervention of checks and balances from policymakers, and for more reasonable compensations for hospital staff's strenuous labor.
Mediación en Centros Escolares. El papel de la Educación Social
Authors: Esteban Ibáñez Macarena , Amado Muñoz Luis Vicente , García Pérez Ricardo
Published: December 2023

Este artículo forma parte de una más amplia investigación llevada a cabo en centros escolares con una muestra seleccionada de adolescentes de Educación Secundaria, distribuidos en grupos de discusión. La finalidad es conocer la perspectiva que ellos/as tienen sobre la violencia escolar en su propio hábitat. La muestra está compuesta por 1795 adolescentes de ambos sexos (52% chicos y 48% chicas) con edades comprendidas entre los 11 y 18 años, procedentes de la Comunidad Autónoma de Andalucía. Los resultados indicaron que el clima escolar y la satisfacción con la vida se asocian de manera positiva con la victimización. Además, la integración comunitaria y el clima familiar se relacionan con la victimización a través de la satisfacción con la vida. El análisis multigrupo en función del sexo indicó que la relación entre el clima escolar y la reputación social, así como entre implicación comunitaria y reputación social resultó significativa únicamente para los chicos.
El Programa de Acción Tutorial como complemento de la acción docente en el Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES)
Authors: Álvarez María Belén , Lorca Fernández Pedro , García Diez Julita
Published: December 2023

El presente trabajo se inserta dentro del estudio de los cambios introducidos como consecuencia del nuevo Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES). En concreto, se analiza el papel del Programa de Acción Tutorial desde la perspectiva de profesores y alumnos. Para ello, se ha tomado la experiencia del Programa profesor-tutor de la Escuela Universitaria de Estudios Empresariales de la Universidad de Oviedo y se han estudiado las características de los profesores participantes en dicho Programa, así como la valoración que han hecho los estudiantes del mismo a través de una encuesta. Los resultados obtenidos revelan la necesidad de introducir cambios para facilitar la transformación de la actual labor docente en un modelo que incorpore las funciones formativas-educativas. Por último, se realizan una serie de propuestas para que las tutorías académicas sean gratificantes para el profesor y explotadas al máximo por los alumnos.
Una experiencia docente de aplicación del portafolio del estudiante en Contabilidad
Authors: Monclús Salamero Ana María
Published: December 2023

La disminución del número de alumnos matriculados en muchas asignaturas optativas en las titulaciones universitarias exige una adaptación del método docente tradicional. Esta circunstancia, junto al necesario cambio metodológico propiciado por la adaptación al Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES) fueron los factores determinantes de la experiencia docente que se describe en este trabajo. El proyecto de innovación docente ha sido llevado a cabo en una asignatura optativa y ha consistido en la utilización de la técnica del portafolio como sistema orientado al aprendizaje de los estudiantes y a la evaluación posterior de dicho aprendizaje de forma individualizada. Mediante la aplicación de esta herramienta, apropiada en las condiciones en que se ha desarrollado la asignatura, se ha perseguido estimular el trabajo continuado del alumnado, potenciando su autogestión así como el incremento de su nivel de implicación y participación en la materia. La experiencia docente ha puesto de manifiesto que esta metodología activa implica una dinámica de trabajo continuado, así como el desarrollo de estrategias docentes de interacción constante entre profesor y alumnos. Por todo ello, y a pesar de la magnífica aceptación que tuvo esta innovación docente, la carga en términos de tiempo de trabajo fue el principal inconveniente puesto de manifiesto.
Documentos reales concedidos a Huesca en el Archivo Histórico de la Nobleza de Toledo, siglos XIII-XVI
Authors: Iranzo Muñío María Teresa , García Arnal María Jesús
Published: December 2023

Presentamos la edición de dieciséis documentos reales originales e inéditos, concedidos al concejo medieval de Huesca entre 1294 y 1510, junto con el estudio de su historia archivística que aspira a explicar su conservación en el Archivo Histórico de la Nobleza de Toledo.
Las entradas reales en Sevilla durante la Baja Edad Media. Una aproximación a partir de las fuentes cronísticas.
Authors: N’Gom Pedrosa Jimmy Noah
Published: December 2023

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo hacer una aproximación a las entradas reales que tuvieron lugar en la ciudad de Sevilla durante la Baja Edad Media, desde la conquista cristiana de 1248 hasta el reinado de los Reyes Católicos. La visita del rey a la ciudad y su recepción supusieron el desarrollo de un ceremonial que varió a lo largo de los siglos medievales. Por ello, además de explicar los distintos tipos de entradas reales que podemos observar durante este período, ofrecemos un recorrido histórico-descriptivo de estas manifestaciones ceremoniales durante los sucesivos reinados, lo que nos permite observar de forma cronológica su evolución y variación.
Un códice copiado por Alfonso de Palencia en la Biblioteca de la Universidad de Sevilla
Authors: Rodríguez Díaz Elena E.
Published: December 2023

El manuscrito 332/148 de la Biblioteca de la Universidad de Sevilla, copiado en escritura humanística redonda, pertenece a la pluma de un ilustre vecino de la ciudad, Alfonso de Palencia, quien lo copió para Per Afán de Ribera (m. 1487) posiblemente entre 1453 y 1458. En este trabajo se analiza la identificación de la escritura, establecida gracias a la comparación con el volumen autógrafo del palentino que es el escurialense S-III-14 (ff. 58r-118r), iluminado en Sevilla y seguramente también copiado en la ciudad, así como con otros manuscritos del mismo autor, insertando los casos hispalenses en el contexto de los códices en escritura humanística hechos por castellanos durante el siglo XV.
Un artista en tierra de nadie (En torno a la pintura de José Soto).
Authors: Bosco Díaz-Urmeneta Juan
Published: December 2023

José Soto fue un pintor abstracto sevillano, que llevó el proceso de síntesis a un punto extremo a finales de los años sesenta del siglo XX. El artículo plantea la naturaleza de ese arte y sus conexiones con las referencias internacionales de las que partió y en relación con las que significa; así como su significado e importancia en el contexto sevillano, en un momento en el que éste se abría a las vanguardias, después de décadas de aislamiento y atraso.
Epistemologías del discurso del arte a través de las prácticas neoliberales y biopolíticas
Authors: Vellojín Aguilera Guillermo
Published: December 2023

El discurso de la historia del arte ha de entenderse como una ficción, un producto de la intervención de tácticas y dispositivos biopolíticos estratégicos que establecen las fronteras entre arte normativo y disidente. Los sistemas de gobierno liberales y neoliberales establecen en el ámbito del discurso artístico una serie de procesos que niegan la posibilidad al sujeto subalterno de ser contemporáneo de su tiempo. En este estudio se pretende transparentar las operaciones epistémicas que en el relato historiográfico construyen la norma y aíslan a la subalternidad artística en espacios normativos, para, finalmente, considerar la praxis artística como un posible aparato de falsación que conteste a los sistemas de verificación mediante los que se construye la vanguardia artística a través del arte político y del postporno.
EL GRABADO CONTEMPORÁNEO EN SEVILLA A PRINCIPIOS DEL SIGLO XXI. EL PAISAJE ANDALUZ, POR CAÑADAS, CORDELES Y VEREDAS
Authors: Luque Teruel Andrés
Published: December 2023

El artículo trata sobre las cuatro primeras carpetas de una edición de ocho promovidas por Luis María Venegas Lagüens, con la colaboración del pintor Ricardo Casstillo como director y coordinador, en 2010-14. Cada una contiene cuatro grabados en blanco y negro, excepto uno, el del director de la serie, concebido con dos tintas. Los artistas incluidos tienen una amplia trayectoria en la pintura sevillana más actual, hablamos de Magdalena Bachiller, Pedro Simón, Antonio Sosa, Ricardo Casstillo, Manuel Salinas, Ruth Morán, Curro González, Federico Guzmán, Daniel Bilbao, Félix de Cárdenas, Paco Cuadrado, Rafael Zapatero Javier Buzón, Matías Sánchez, Patricio Cabrera y Guillermo Pérez Villalta. Todos tuvieron libertad creativa para interpretar el paisaje andaluz, con lenguajes muy variados desde el naturalismo y el expresionismo hasta distintos tipos de simbolismos y la abstracción.
KOKOSCHKA: DEL MODERNISMO VIENÉS AL RETRATO DEL ALMA
Authors: González Ruiz José
Published: December 2023

A través de las siguientes páginas nos acercaremos a la figura de Oskar Kokoschka, pintor y poeta de origen austriaco, haciendo un breve recorrido por su vida, señalando los capítulos más importantes de la misma, a fin de comprender la mentalidad del artista, así como su forma de entender y desarrollar la pintura. Para ello, analizaremos los hitos más significativos de su carrera, desde que comenzara su trabajo en los Talleres Vieneses, además de sus relaciones personales más influyentes, como las que mantuvo con Klimt, Loos, o Mahler.
O imbróglio da periculosidade na manutenção dos manicômios judiciários: as decisões dos desembargadores paranaenses
Authors: Becker Nisiide Ana Carolina , Bagatin Thiago , Boarini Maria Lucia
Published: December 2023

Objetivamos com esse estudo problematizar o conceito de periculosidade e, mais do que isso, compreender quais variáveis estão sendo utilizadas no judiciário para balizar esse conceito, corroborando para manutenção da internação do sujeito em sofrimento mental. Como metodologia nos valemos da pesquisa documental ao analisarmos 24 acórdãos que tramitaram entre os anos de 2001 e 2017, na segunda instância do Tribunal de Justiça do Paraná, selecionados a partir do descritor “psiquiátrica” e que eram de acesso público. Como resultados, verificamos que existe uma jurisprudência consolidada que referenda o cumprimento de medidas de segurança em manicômios judiciários, a despeito dos princípios da Reforma Psiquiátrica. Constatamos ainda que a gravidade do delito, a psicopatologia diagnosticada e a ausência de crítica são fatores que contribuem para a manutenção da internação e fundamentando o imbróglio da periculosidade. Somado a isso, identificamos que a falta de suporte familiar e da Rede de Atenção Psicossocial também vêm justificando a manutenção da internação.

 

Palavras-Chave: manicômio judiciário; periculosidade; justiça; saúde mental.
Mulheres negras, violência e saúde mental
Authors: Bondezan Nogueira Ana Carolina
Published: December 2023

Resenha do livro Na mira do fuzil: a saúde mental das mulheres negras em questão, de Raquel Gouveia Passos.
Generosidade, sabedoria, coragem e retidão de Domingos Sávio Alves
Authors: Delgado Pedro Gabriel
Published: December 2023

Homenagem de vida à Domingos Sávio Alves
Implementasi Alat Pemisah Gabah Padi Menggunakan Sistem Cyclone sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Efektivitas Pekerjaan Buruh Tani di Kelurahan Karang Dalam
Authors: Ulfiyah Laily , Wilujeng Auliana Diah , Fatah Misbakhul , Febriana Ike Dayi , Fikri Mohammad Anas , Hadiwijaya Lukman , Jakfar Amin , Rohmah Faizatur , Annafiyah Annafiyah , Hamid Abdul , Ulfah Nadiyah , Wijaya Septian Dwi , Dewi Ratna Ayu Pawestri Kusuma
Published: December 2023

Padi merupakan tanaman pangan utama di Indonesia yang kaya karbohidrat sehingga menjadi makanan pokok masyarakat Indonesia. Dan untuk meningkatkan produksi padi, tidak hanya dengan memperluas areal pertanaman dan peningkatan teknik budidaya saja, tetapi perlu diperhatikan dalam penanganan panen khususnya dipemisahan padi yang harus tepat. Berdasarkan profil Kabupaten Sampang tahun 2017, produk unggulan daerah dalam sektor pertanian adalah padi. Oleh karna itu produksi padi harus lebih ditingkatkan agar dapat memenuhi kebutuhan sektor pangan masyarakat. Salah satu upaya meningkatkan produksi padi adalah dengan mengoptimalkan proses pemisahan gabah padi. Dalam artikel ini dibuat alat pemisah gabah padi dengan memanfaatkan sistem cyclone sehingga padi isi yang lebih berat akan terpisah dengan padi kosong yang lebih ringan. Dengan memanfaatkan gaya sentrifugal padi isi yang lebih berat akan terlempar keluar menuju penampungan padi isi. Sedangkan padi kosong yang ringan akan turun keluar ke penampungan padi kosong. Alat ini berukuran 80 x 40 x 80 cm. Dengan kapasitas 100 kg/jam, alat ini mampu meningkatkan produktivitas pekerjaan panen padi. Alat ini dihibahkan pada Kelompok Tani Bandar Kumala di Desa Karang Dalam, Kecamatan Sampang.
Workshop Fillet, Produksi Gelatin Ikan, dan Pembentukan Kawasan Binaan ITS di Pesisir Pacitan Selatan
Authors: Atmaja Lukman , Santoso Mardi , Prasetyoko Didik , Kholis Muhammad Nur
Published: December 2023

Nelayan yang memakai pelabuhan Tamperan Pacitan ini ada yang masuk dalam katagori nelayan tradisional lokal dan ada nelayan-nelayan yang lebih modern dan pendatang. Hasil tangkapan laut normalnya dijual ditempat sebagai ikan segar, dikirim ke kota-kota lain, dan dijual ke industri perikanan lokal untuk dijadikan makanan olahan. Ikan segar yang dijual tersebut sebenarnya bisa dijadikan fillet dengan harga jual lebih tinggi, sedangkan industri perikanan tadi telah menghasilkan limbah perikanan yang sebenarnya bisa dikonversi menjadi gelatin yang luas dipakai di industri-industri makanan dan farmasi. Kegiatan utama pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah a) workshop pembuatan fillet, b) ekstraksi gelatin dari limbah perikanan, dan c) pembentukan Kawasan Binaan ITS. Kegiatan ini diikuti hingga tuntas oleh 20 UMK yang berlokasi di pesisir selatan Kabupaten Pacitan. Pada akhir kegiatan, telah dihasilkan fillet dengan baik. Selanjutnya juga telah dihasilkan gelatin dan telah didemonstrasikan kemanfaatan gelatin dalam industri makanan skala rumah tangga, dan c) terdapat 19 UMK yang telah bersedia untuk mengikuti kegiatan lanjutan dan bergabung dalam Kawasan Binaan ITS untuk tahun 2021 – 2022 – 2023.
The Question of Doxa: D. H. Lawrence's Influence on Deleuze and Guattari's Aesthetics
Authors: Ionescu Andrei
Published: December 2023

Abstract: In this article I investigate D. H. Lawrence's influence on the development of Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari's aesthetics, by focusing on the notion of doxa and its relation to art. Deleuze and Guattari's understanding of art as a struggle against opinion emerges from their engagement with Lawrence and gives rise to a form of cultural elitism dating back to Plato. After historically contextualizing their negative attitude toward doxa, I identify a different, Aristotelian tradition, which stresses the positive functions of doxa and offers more nuanced understandings of art, as well as opportunities for the formation of a more inclusive canon.
The Methodology of Sherlock Holmes: What Is at the Nub of the Process?
Authors: Quacchia Russell L.
Published: December 2023

Abstract: The nub of Sherlock Holmes's investigative process has been overlooked in the analytical literature on the subject—until now. This study drills down into the character's methodology to explicate what is at its very heart. I present Holmes as a rational empiricist operating at the explicit level of observation and inference but also as an intuitive empathizer operating at a tacit level of awareness involving imaginative guesswork. I claim that the operational story of the former, where identifying essential clues to resolving a case involves intuitively sensing relevance, necessarily relies on that of the latter.
Design of two-dimensional multilevel optical anisotropic diffraction gratings with a generative adversarial network
Authors: Okamoto Hiroyuki , Kozai Takanori , Imawan Alcander , Noda Kohei , Sakamoto Moritsugu , Sasaki Tomoyuki , Suzuki Masato , Ono Hiroshi
Published: December 2023

This
study uses a generative
adversarial network to design multilevel optical anisotropic
diffraction gratings with specific customizable characteristics. As
input, this method uses the far electric field of polarization and
intensity in each diffracted light through the gratings to design.
Using the finite-difference time-domain method, the designed
structures are numerically evaluated, confirming that they can be
created with the intended parameters. Multilevel optical anisotropic
diffraction gratings created this way can be used in various fields to
develop improved optical elements.
Denoising coherent Doppler lidar data based on a U-Net convolutional neural network
Authors: Song Yiming , Han Yuli , Su Zhaowang , Chen Chong , Sun Dongsong , Chen Tingdi , Xue Xianghui
Published: December 2023

The coherent Doppler wind lidar (CDWL) has long been thought to be the most suitable
technique for wind remote sensing in the atmospheric boundary layer
(ABL) due to its compact size, robust performance, and low-cost
properties. However, as the coherent lidar exploits the Mie scattering
from aerosol particles, the signal intensity received by the lidar is
highly affected by the concentration of aerosols. Unlike air
molecules, the concentration of aerosol varies greatly with time and
weather, and decreases dramatically with altitude. As a result, the
performance of the coherent lidar fluctuates greatly with time, and
the detection range is mostly confined within the planetary boundary
layer. The original data collected by the lidar are first transformed
into a spectrogram and then processed into radial wind velocities
utilizing algorithms such as a spectral centroid. When the
signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is low, these classic algorithms fail to
retrieve the wind speed stably. In this work, a radial wind velocity
retrieving algorithm based on a trained convolutional neural network
(CNN) U-Net is proposed for denoising and an accurate estimate of the
Doppler shift in a low-SNR regime. The advantage of the CNN is first
discussed qualitatively and then proved by means of a numerical
simulation. Simulated spectrum data are used for U-Net training and
testing, which show that the U-Net is not only more accurate than the
spectral centroid but also achieves a further detection range.
Finally, joint observation data from the lidar and radiosonde show
excellent agreement, demonstrating that the U-Net-based retrieving
algorithm has superior performance over the traditional spectral
centroid method both in accuracy and detection range.