bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
System of forming readiness of geographer students of the Odessa I. I. Mechnikov national university for future professional activities at secondary and higher schools
Authors: Bilanchyn Yaroslav , Adobovska Mariia , Popelnytska Nataliia
Published: November 2019

The article covers the main tasks and problems of the current reform of the higher education system of the state and the process of educational and practical training of geographer students, namely, at the Odessa I. I. Mechnikov National University. The system of measures to form geographer students’ readiness for future professional and practical activities at a secondary high school is analyzed. At the bachelor's level, the system includes the study of the disciplines of the normative part (humanities, socio-economic and natural sciences and vocational training) and vocational-oriented disciplines of specialization of students, the passing of educational and production practices final state certification with protection of qualification work and passing of state examination in specialty and specialization. The master's level includes the study of the disciplines of normative (humanitarian, socio-economic, natural science and vocational training) and selective (vocational-oriented disciplines) parts, the passage of industrial practices and final state certification (writing and defense of master's
work). Emphasis is placed on the particular importance of the current educational and practical independence and self-activity of students and their independent work (self-education) in deepening the results of learning and formation, and improvement of professional and practical competences and skills. The article does not exhaust
the problem of forming the readiness of geography students for the future professional and pedagogical activity in secondary and higher education. In the future, we consider it necessary to continue the analysis of the process of formation of professional and innovative pedagogical competence of geographers of higher education institutions, and geographers of Odessa I.I. Mechnikov National University in particular.
Hans Jonas and the History of Gnosis und spätantiker Geist
Authors: HOPLAND KARSTEIN
Published: November 2019

No abstract available
Die Bekehrung der Isländer zum Christentum
Authors: AÐALSTEINSSON JÓN HNEFILL
Published: November 2019

No abstract available
Call to Office of a Pa Diviner. A Comparative Study
Authors: DANFULANI UMAR HABILA DADEM
Published: November 2019

No abstract available
The Documentary Form-History of Rabbinic Literature. The Aggadic Sector
Authors: NEUSNER JACOB
Published: November 2019

No abstract available.
Autonomy, Integration and Scientific Method. Some Methodological Problems in the Sociology of Religion
Authors: THALÉN PEDER
Published: November 2019

No abstract available.
Islamic Magic in Contemporary Egypt
Authors: HINGE HELLE
Published: November 2019

No abstract available
Secularization and Religious Change. A Conceptual Clarification
Authors: RAISKILA VESA
Published: November 2019

No abstract available
Abdessalam El-Baqqali, informateur et ami d'Edvard Westermarck
Authors: SUOLINNA KIRSTI
Published: November 2019

No abstract available
Mattias Gardell: Countdown to Armageddon. Minister Farrakhan and the Nation of Islam in the Latter Days
Authors: HJÄRPE JAN
Published: November 2019

No abstract available
Increased efficiency of the functioning of systems for the restoration of military equipment by improving the organization of production and technological processes
Authors: Biliavskyi Bohdan
Published: November 2019

The paper provides recommendations on improving the organization of production and technological processes for the repair of military equipment in assessing the effectiveness of the recovery system for this equipment. In assessing the effectiveness of the functioning of military vehicle recovery systems, measures must be taken to improve the functioning of this system. The manufacturing process is described by various indicators.Reducing the production cycle is one of the important tasks of organizing the production process and is ensured by improving the introduction of new equipment and technology, mechanization and automation of production in operations to restore parts for disassembling and assembling military vehicles, and technical control of the construction of the production process in accordance with the principles discussed in the article.
PEMIKIRAN IBNU KHALDUN TENTANG MEKANISME PASAR & PENETAPAN HARGA
Authors: Hidayatullah Indra
Published: November 2019

Pasar merupakan salah satu penggerak roda perekonomian dalam suatunegara yang secara umum keberhasilannya bisa dilihat dari mekanismepasar yang dijalankan. Riilnya ekonomi negara yang baik itu digerakkanoleh mekanisme pasar yang menjunjung kebebasan dan keadilan,karenanya pasar itu bebas dan tidak berpihak.Dalam sejarah ekonomi didunia muncul beberapa ekonom Islam dan konvensional yang mengangkattema keilmuan tentang mekanisme pasar, seperti pemikiran Ibnu Khaldun.Ibnu Khaldun mengkaji masalah-masalah ekonomi dengan jalan mengkajisebab-sebabnya secara empiris, memperbandingkannya, untuk kemudianmengikhtisarkan hukum-hukum yang menjelaskan fenomena tersebut.Dengan demikian ia dapat disebut sebaga penggagas ekonomi ilmiahpertama.Ibnu Khaldun hidup pada tahun 732 hingga 808 H adalah salah seorangcendekiawan muslim yang juga turut menelurkan konsep pemikiranekonomi Islam. Beliau yang lahir di Tunis tanggal 27 Mei 1332Mmempunyai nama lengkap Abdurrahman Abu Zaid Waliuddin IbnuKhaldun.2 Ia lebih popular dengan sebutan Ibnu Khaldun. Ibnu Khaldunmengkaji problem ekonomi masyarakat dan negara secara empiris, iamenjelaskan fenomena ekonomi secara aktual, seperti yang ia ungkapkandalam kitab Muqaddimah-nya dalam bab ‘harga-harga di kota’. Dalambukunya Muqaddimah itu pula Ibnu Khaldun memberikan bahasan yang luas tentang teori nilai, pembagian kerja dan perdagangan internasional,hukum permintaan dan penawaran, konsumsi, produksi, uang, siklusperdagangan, keuangan publik dan berbagai bahasan makro ekonomilainnya yang utamanya berkaitan dengan mekanisme pasar.Kata Kunci : Pemikiran Ibnu Khaldun, Mekanisme Pasar, PenetapanHarga
GAIN INCOME DARI GAME ONLINE TINJAUAN TEORI PERTUKARAN HAK / AKAD (DALAM PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI ISLAM)
Authors: Kusumo Raden Achmad Haryo
Published: November 2019

Era milenial yang ditandai dengan skema Industri 4.0, aplikatifnya adalah memasuki zaman digital. Lazimnya, sebelum manusia memasuki era digital, segala perangkat interaksi antar individu dilakukan secara manual, akan tetapi berbeda dengan dunia saat ini. Era digital menjadikan manusia memiliki “kesibukan baru”, kesibukan yang sekaligus menjadi ajang bergengsi di seantero dunia saat ini; adalah game online. Game online yang masuk salah satu cabang olah raga; E_Sport, adalah satu-satunya permainan yang mampu mempertemukan antar pemain di belahan dunia secara bersama-sama (multyplayers). Berbeda dengan genre game sebelumnya, game online memiliki daya pikat tersendiri, bagi sebagian individu, game online sekedar hobi, tapi bagi individu yang lain, game online bertujuan mencari keuntungan, bahkan keuntungannya hingga milliaran rupiah. Akan tetapi menariknya, apabila kultur Islam memiliki tradisi akad dalam tiap-tiap peralihan harta kekayaan (memperoleh pendapatan), lantas bagaimana pendapatan (memperoleh kekayaan) jika dengan bermain game. Singkatnya, bagaimana hukum mendapatkan uang dari bermain game menurut Islam, apakah diperbolehkan ataukah masih ada kaidah-kaidah tertentu yang harus dipenuhi sebelum dinyatakan kebolehannya.? Tulisan ini akan mengupas kaidah memperoleh pendapatan dari bermain game berdasar teori akad. Dengan demikian, secara akad, gain income (mendapatkan uang) dari bermain game itu dapat diketahui ke halal atau haramannya
SERTIFIKASI HALAL PADA PERHOTELAN SEBAGAI STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN HALAL TOURISM DI INDONESIA PERSPEKTIF MAQASHID AL-SYARIAH
Authors: Antoni Antoni
Published: November 2019

Salah satu bukti kebangkitan sistem ekonomi islam pada era milenial ini adalah peningkatan sektor halal industry yang dimotori oleh halal tourism dengan capaian segmen pasar yang cukup besar, mengacu pada data GMTI. Walaupun secara teoritis masih menjadi perdebatan apakah halal tourism memiliki pondasi teoritis yang kuat. Namun prakteknya halal industry terus mengalami peningkatan. Perlu kajian yang lebih holistik dan detail berkaitan dengan formulasi teoritis dan proposisi-proposisi yang bersifat ontologis, sehingga halal tourism memiliki pijakan teoritis yang kuat.Salah satu langkah yang ingin disuguhkan dalam paper ini adalah bagaimana pandangan maqashid al-syariah dalam terhadap praktek-praktek dalam bisnis jasa pariwisata terutama dikaitkan dengan urgensi dan relevansi sertifikasi halal pada produk-produk pariwisata berbasis ajaran Islam
FIGHTING FOR ISIS – THE CASE OF GREAT BRITAIN
Authors: Cieslar Aleksandra
Published: November 2019

Abstract:
The purpose of this research paper is to examine the online recruitment processes and socio-economic factors that allow for the radicalisation of people in Great Britain. The paper will address the following questions: 1) what are ISIS recruitment methods? 2) what makes the recruitment successful? 3) is religious motivation the main factor why people decide to fight for the Islamic State? According to the US National Counterterrorism Centre, in the recent years Islamic State (ISIS) recruited an estimate of 3,400 Westerners ready to fight its cause around the globe. Islamic State has a far more successful rate in luring members from the West than Al-Qaeda. In a relatively short time ISIS went from being an unknown terror cell to threatening worldwide security. Great Britain experienced a number of terrorist attacks in the recent years and the responsibility for them had been claimed by ISIS. However, with the arrival of easy access to the internet the radicalisation of young Britons has been on the rise in the recent years. The studies suggest that there are different motivations for joining Islamic State. Foreign fighters are made to believe that the terrorist group offers values that western democracies seem to lack, namely a common purpose, good morals and sense of belonging. These values are attractive for Muslims and for the new converts alike. Additionally, ISIS recruiters run an online propaganda machine. The process of radicalisation moved from the mosques into more effective online chat-rooms and social media forums.
HAS GEORGIA WON THE INFORMATION WAR AGAINST RUSSIA IN THE CONTEXT OF THE RUSSIAN-GEORGIAN CONFLICT OF 2008?
Authors: Chapichadze Khatuna
Published: November 2019

There has been established and promoted the strong belief in the Georgian public, however also in the international community, that despite significant human, territorial and state loss, as well as psychological damage and failure Georgia experienced as a consequence of the 2008 conflict with Russia, the smaller country gained victory over the bigger one in terms of the information war. There is attempt in the paper to find out if the above-mentioned view has been argumented sufficiently, taking into consideration two major factors: 1. The EU-backed “Report of the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on the Conflict in Georgia,” known informally as the “Tagliavini Report”, blaming Georgian former government of Mikheil Saakashvili „to fire the first shot” in the subsequent confrontation; 2. The smaller nation-state syndrome as of the victim in the conflictual interaction with the bigger one, playing important role not only in the Russian-Georgian, but also Georgian-Abkhazian and Georgian-Ossetian relations.
TERRORIST ORGANIZATIONS, ASYMMETRIC CONFLICTS AND THE FIGHT AGAINST THEM IN THE POST-SOVIET STATES
Authors: Gusev Leonid
Published: November 2019

For the Caucasus and Central Asia states there is a serious threat of extremism and terrorism. The geopolitical situation in these countries is caused by the influence of zones of political instability and conflicts. These zones are Afghanistan, the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, Near and Middle East, including Syria and Iraq. For these countries, the terrorist threat is very high. Counteraction to the terrorist threats due to the cross-border nature, in particular, their focus on other regions of the modern world and intersection with non-traditional security challenges (including poorly controlled migration processes, organized crime and the drug mafia) require strengthening of the interaction of post-Soviet states in the sphere of security. The article tells about the actions against terrorist groups in several countries of Central Asia and the Caucasus, such as Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Azerbaijan and Georgia.
ROLA SŁUŻB WYWIADOWCZYCH W WOJNIE HYBRYDOWEJ
Authors: Surdyk Krzysztof
Published: November 2019

Abstract:
Współczesne i przyszłe wojny, często mające charakter hybrydowy, wymuszają zmiany w działaniach służb wywiadowczych, które muszą przystosować się do rozpoznawania, niekiedy zupełnie nowych dla nich, rodzajów zagrożeń. W artykule podjęto próbę wskazania roli wywiadu zarówno w przygotowaniach do prowadzenia operacji hybrydowych, jak i w rozpoznawaniu najistotniejszych zagrożeń wynikających z realizacji działań hybrydowych w sferach ekonomiczno-finansowej, informacyjnej i militarnej. Uwzględniono również rolę wywiadu w rozpoznawaniu symptomów tzw. kolorowej rewolucji, wychodząc z założenia, że ten element wojen hybrydowych może być z powodzeniem wykorzystany również wobec stabilnych obecnie państw Zachodu. Na zakończenie przedstawiono kilka propozycji rozwiązań organizacyjnych, które w przypadku zastosowania pozwoliłyby, zdaniem autora, na skuteczniejsze działania służb wywiadowczych w obliczu zagrożeń hybrydowych.

Abstract:
Contemporary and future wars, which often adopt a hybrid nature, compel to implement shifts in the activities of the intelligence agencies, which must adapt to recognizing sometimes entirely new for them kinds of threats. An attempt to indicate the role of the intelligence both in preparations for the hybrid operations and in identifying the most salient threats resulting from the realization of hybrid operations in economical-financial, information and military spheres was taken in the article. The significance of the intelligence service in recognizing the symptoms of the so-called colour revolutions, assuming that this element of hybrid wars may also be successfully exploited toward presently stable Western states, was taken into account in the text. In conclusion, few propositions of organizational solutions were presented. Their implementation would, according to the author, revamp intelligence services’ activities in the face of hybrid threats.
GEOPOLITYCZNY KONTEKST WOJNY HYBRYDOWEJ NA WSCHODZIE UKRAINY
Authors: Możgin Wiktor
Published: November 2019

Abstrakt:
Wojna hybrydowa na wschodzie Ukrainy jest zjawiskiem destabilizującym sytuację społeczno-polityczną w całym regionie Europy Wschodniej. Konflikt między państwem ukraińskim a prorosyjskimi separatystami implikuje szereg bezpośrednio niewyjaśnionych kwestii z zakresu stosunków międzypaństwowych. W pracy przeprowadzono systemową analizę geopolitycznej gry toczonej między Stanami Zjednoczonymi a Federacją Rosyjską w stosunku do Ukrainy. Separatyzm na Ukrainie oraz towarzysząca mu secesja wschodnich regionów państwa jest realizowana zgodnie z założeniami rosyjskiej polityki skierowanej na odbudowę mocarstwowej pozycji Federacji Rosyjskiej na arenie międzynarodowej. Artykuł odwołuje się do teoretycznych oraz ideologicznych założeń geopolityki. Wynikiem przeprowadzonej analizy jest stwierdzenie, iż od kilku lat na Ukrainie kształtuje się sferę buforową w geopolitycznych rozgrywkach między Moskwą a Waszyngtonem. Wychodząc z założenia, iż wojna hybrydowa na wschodzie państwa ukraińskiego przybiera specyficzną, niewyjaśnioną dotychczas formę, w artykule podjęto próbę analizy tego zjawiska w kontekście geopolitycznej rywalizacji na linii Moskwa-Waszyngton.

Abstract:
The hybrid war in the east of Ukraine is a phenomenon destabilizing the socio-political situation in the entire region of Eastern Europe. Conflict between the Ukrainian state and pro-Russian separatists implies a number of directly unexplained issues in the field of inter-state relations. The work involved a systematic analysis of the geopolitical game played between the United States and the Russian Federation in relation to Ukraine. Separatism in Ukraine and the accompanying secession of the eastern regions of the state is implemented in accordance with the assumptions of Russian policy aimed at the reconstruction of the superpower position of the Russian Federation on the international arena. The article refers to the theoretical and ideological assumptions of geopolitics. The result of the analysis is the statement that for several years in Ukraine is formed a buffer zone in the geopolitical competition between Moscow and Washington. Assuming that the hybrid war in the eastern part of the Ukrainian state takes on a specific, unexplained form, the article attempts to analyze this phenomenon in the context of a geopolitical rivalry on the Moscow-Washington line.
Członkostwo w radzie nadzorczej gminnej spółki prawa handlowego
Authors: Brzozowski Przemysław
Published: November 2019

Praca obejmuje analizę podstawowych aktów prawnych z zakresu spółek z
udziałem jednostek samorządu terytorialnego,
skupiając się głównie na tematyce powoływanych w nich rad nadzorczych. Oprócz podstawowych elementów, takich jak liczebność rad,
czas trwania ich kadencji, obligatoryjność powołania, szczególnie podkreślono obecny w
nich czynnik ludzki. Omówiono m. in. podstawowe regulacje dotyczące wymogów, które
muszą spełnić kandydaci na członków rad
nadzorczych oraz wynagradzania osób już
powołanych.Artykuł zwraca uwagę również na
kontrowersje powstałe w związku z nowelizacją
ustawy o zasadach zarządzania mieniem państwowym, m. in. dotyczące zasady „jedna
osoba na jedną radę”
Students’ Learning Ability as the Basis for Functioning in Information Society
Authors: Długosz Agnieszka
Published: November 2019

In the age of rapid civilization
transformations, learning is a constant part
of every human being's life. The knowledge
acquired at school is rapidly becoming
outdated. Learning ability is the basic
condition for dealing with a fast growth of
knowledge.
The article has attempted to provide
answers to the following questions: Do
students know how to learn? Can students
learn? Do students think they are prepared
for learning? How do students evaluate
their abilities to learn?
Planowana rodzina w opinii młodzieży
Authors: Chrost Sławomir
Published: November 2019

Artykuł jest próbą odpowiedzi na
pytania związane z planami młodzieży dotyczącymi małżeństwa i rodziny: Jaką koncepcję
swojej przyszłej rodziny ma młodzież ponadgimnazjalna?; Czy młodzież w przyszłości zamierza zawrzeć związek małżeński?; Czy młodzi
ludzie planują mieć dzieci?; Jeżeli tak, to ile?;
Jeżeli nie, to dlaczego?; W jaki sposób młodzież
zamierza wychowywać swoje dzieci? Badania
(metodą sondażu diagnostycznego) przeprowadzono w województwie mazowieckim w
2013 roku. W badaniu wzięło udział 100
uczniów ze szkoły ponadgimnazjalnej, w tym 70
dziewcząt oraz 30 chłopców w wieku od 16 do
19 lat.Zasadniczym celem badań było ukazanie
wizji przyszłego życia rodzinnego młodych ludzi.
Na ich podstawie można wysnuć wniosek, że
większość młodzieży chciałaby założyć tradycyjną rodzinę. Respondenci wybierają prawnie
uregulowaną formę życia rodzinnego opartą na
związku małżeńskim, między dwojgiem kochających się ludzi, którzy w większości chcą posiadać dwoje dzieci, dla których chcą być przede
wszystkim autorytetem, przyjacielem, ale także
strażnikiem norm. Pragną wychowywać swoje
dzieci konsekwentnie, unikając stosowania kar
cielesnych.
Rodzina miejscem radości i nadziei
Authors: Chrobak Stanisław
Published: November 2019

t. The family is the first and the most
important educational environment of
man. In the family system, all of its
members influence each other, and
therefore one of the most important
components of the overall relationship
between family members are parental
attitudes. Both the personal and
pedagogical culture of family members as
well as the culture of family life determines
the „culture of joy”. Experiencing joy in the
family is done in the course of everyday life.
Hope is born in this activity. The experience
of joy and the testimony of hope also arise
from various life situations, which are
usually unique and unexpected. Hope
mobilizes to fight the hardships of everyday
life. Hope is the power to change life.
Prawne aspekty działalności sygnalistów w przedsiębiorstwach w świetle polskiego ustawodawstwa
Authors: Czaplicki Paweł
Published: November 2019

Artykuł porusza problematykę
funkcjonowania sygnalistów w obrocie gospodarczym. W pierwszej części artykułu przedstawione zostały pojęcie sygnalisty oraz przykładowe sytuacje, w których sygnaliści podejmowali działania zmierzające do zaniechania
naruszania przepisów prawa w swoim miejscu
pracy. Autor poddał rozważaniom również to,
czy obecnie osoby te są należycie chronione
przez polskie prawo. W drugiej części artykułu
autor ocenił przepisy projektu ustawy o jawności życia publicznego oraz alternatywnego
projektu ustawy o ochronie sygnalistów stworzonego przez środowiska pozarządowe. Analiza obejmowała m. in. cele przyświecające
ustawodawcy w zakresie uregulowania pozycji
prawnej sygnalistów. Rozważaniom został
poddany również aspekt legalności działań
sygnalistów oraz środki ochrony prawnej, które
mają zostać im przyznane. W podsumowaniu
autor zaprezentował wnioski wypływające z
przeprowadzonej analizy dotyczące aktualnej
oraz przyszłej ochrony prawnej sygnalistów.
DESEMPENHO DE ESTUDANTES DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL EM SITUAÇÕES DE ESTRUTURAS MULTIPLICATIVAS
Authors: Santana Eurivalda Ribeiro dos Santos , Cazorla Irene Mauricio , Santos Ernani Martins
Published: November 2019

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar os principais resultados do diagnóstico da pesquisa intitulada “Um estudo sobre o domínio das Estruturas Multiplicativas no ensino fundamental” – EMult, desenvolvida em rede entre pesquisadores de sete instituições de Ensino Superior dos estadosBahia, Pernambuco e Ceará. A concepção do projeto seguiu princípios do Programa Observatório da Educação, o objeto matemático foi a estrutura multiplicativa, com arcabouço da Teoria dos Campos Conceituais. Foi elaborado um instrumento contendo 13 situações envolvendo as estruturasmultiplicativas, respondido por 3906 estudantes, do 1º ao 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental de 12 escolas públicas. Analisamos o desempenho dos estudantes ao longo dos anos de escolarização e em cada umadas situações agrupadas por relações, eixos, classes, tipos e operação fundamental. Os resultados evidenciam que o desempenho dos estudantes em situações-problema de estruturas multiplicativas aumenta com a escolaridade, porém não supera 60% no 9º ano. A análise por situação mostra que as maiores taxas de acerto se encontram em situações com a relação quaternária e, dentre essas, o que mais se destaca em todos os anos escolares são as taxas nas situações de Proporção Simples “um paramuitos”. Esses resultados apontam para a necessidade de investir em ações para ensinar esses conceitos matemáticos.
PROFESSORES DE MATEMÁTICA DA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA, TÉCNICA E TECNOLÓGICA: PERFIL, FORMAÇÃO E ATUAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL
Authors: Pires Anselmo Paulo , Cunha Daisy Moreira , Marques Fernanda Gomes , Martins Juliana Cristina Maciel , Soares Juliana de Souza , Oliveira Maria Auxiliadora Monteiro de
Published: November 2019

Este artigo tem como escopo divulgar uma pesquisa que lançou mão de dados do Observatório da Educação (OBEDUC), coletados pelo Núcleo de Investigação da PUC Minas. Especificamente, objetivou-se identificar e analisar os perfis dos professores de Matemática vinculados à Rede Federal de Educação Profissional, Científica e Tecnológica (RFEPCT) do Estadode Minas Gerais. Metodologicamente, utilizou-se a abordagem quantitativa, consubstanciada na análise estatística descritiva dos dados coletados da aplicação de um questionário eletrônico a 2.561 professores, extraindo-se destes os professores de Matemática. Nesse banco, para a pesquisa a que se refere este artigo, foram identificados 107 professores, sujeitos da investigação, ora apresentada. Em síntese, foram obtidos estes dados: os professores tinham mais de seis anos de magistério; atuavam no Ensino Técnico em suas diversas formas e modalidades, embora uma parte significativa do grupo atuasse também na graduação; tinham carga horária semanal de 10 a 20 horas-aula em regime de dedicação exclusiva, mas desempenhavam outras atividades além da docência, como pesquisa eatividades administrativas. A atuação desses professores vem sendo historicamente marcada por peculiaridades inerentes à sua própria carreira docente.
OBSERVATÓRIO DA EDUCAÇÃO ESCOLAR INDÍGENA E O ENSINO DA MATEMÁTICA: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA COM ACADÊMICOS KAINGANG E GUARANI DA UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE MARINGÁ
Authors: Faustino Rosangela Celia , Franco Evania da Silva N. , Novak Maria Simone Jacomini , Menezes Maria Christine Berdusco
Published: November 2019

Este artigo visa apresentar resultados de uma pesquisa desenvolvida com acadêmicos indígenas Kaingang e Guarani, que ingressaram na Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), através da Lei Estadual nº. 13.134/2001, que destinou vagas suplementares para indígenas em todas as Universidades Públicas do Estado. A pesquisa está vinculada ao Programa Observatório da Educação Escolar Indígena (OBEDUC), cujo objetivo foi discutir a política educacional para essas populações,com ênfase no ensino superior e os resultados apresentados por esses estudantes com relação à aprendizagem da matemática. Entre as ações desenvolvidas na pesquisa empírica, foi realizado um curso de formação continuada, com a matemática básica, envolvendo tais estudantes, baseado nos pressupostos da Teoria Histórico-Cultural. Os resultados do curso foram analisados com vistas a subsidiar reflexões que pretendem contribuir com a melhoria da aprendizagem de estudantes indígenas nessa área do conhecimento.
Mechanisms of Nitrogen Use in Maize
Authors: Asibi Aziiba Emmanuel , Chai Qiang , A. Coulter Jeffrey
Published: November 2019

Nitrogen (N) fertilizers are needed to enhance maize (Zea mays L.) production. Maize plays a major role in the livestock industry, biofuels, and human nutrition. Globally, less than one-half of applied N is recovered by maize. Although the application of N fertilizer can improve maize yield, excess N application due to low knowledge of the mechanisms of nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) poses serious threats to environmental sustainability. Increased environmental consciousness and an ever-increasing human population necessitate improved N utilization strategies in maize production. Enhanced understanding of the relationship between maize growth and productivity and the dynamics of maize N recovery are of major significance. A better understanding of the metabolic and genetic control of N acquisition and remobilization during vegetative and reproductive phases are important to improve maize productivity and to avoid excessive use of N fertilizers. Synchronizing the N supply with maize N demand throughout the growing season is key to improving NUE and reducing N loss to the environment. This review examines the mechanisms of N use in maize to provide a basis for driving innovations to improve NUE and reduce risks of negative environmental impacts.
Bioavailability of Iron and the Influence of Vitamin a in Biofortified Foods
Authors: Tavares Antunes Paula , Vaz-Tostes Maria das Graças , Tomáz Sant’Ana Cíntia , Araújo de Faria Renata , Lopes Toledo Renata Celi , Brunoro Costa Neuza Maria
Published: November 2019

Inadequate eating habits, among other factors, lead to nutritional deficiencies worldwide. Attempts have been made to control micronutrient deficits, such as biofortification of usually consumed crops, but the interaction between food components may affect the bioavailability of the nutrients. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of pro-vitamin A on the bioavailability of iron in biofortified cowpea and cassava mixture, compared to their conventional counterparts. The chemical composition of the raw material was determined, and an in vivo study was performed, with Wistar rats, using the depletion-repletion method. Gene expression of iron-metabolism proteins was evaluated. Results were compared by analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by the Tukey test (p < 0.05). Biofortified cowpea (BRS Aracê) showed an increase of approximately 19.5% in iron content compared to conventional (BRS Nova era). No difference in Hemoglobin gain was observed between groups. However, the animals fed biofortified cowpea were similar to ferrous sulfate (Control group) regarding the expression of the hephaestin and ferroportin proteins, suggesting a greater efficiency in the intestinal absorption of iron. Thus, this study points out a higher efficiency of the biofortified cowpea in the bioavailability of iron, regardless of the presence of pro-vitamin A.
Expression Analysis of the PITX2 Gene and Associations between Its Polymorphisms and Body Size and Carcass Traits in Chickens
Authors: Cao Haiyue , Dong Xinyang , Mao Haiguang , Xu Ningying , Yin Zhaozheng
Published: November 2019

PITX2 is expressed in and plays an important role in myocytes of mice, and it has effects on late myogenic differentiation in chickens. However, the expression profile and polymorphisms of PITX2 remain unclear in chickens. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to detect its expression and investigate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within its exons and then to evaluate whether these polymorphisms affect body size as well as carcass traits in chickens. The expression analysis showed that the expression level of chicken PITX2 mRNA in the leg muscle and hypophysis was significantly higher (p < 0.01) than those in other tissues. The results of polymorphisms analysis identified two SNPs (i.e., g.9830C > T and g.10073C > T) in exon 1 and 10 SNPs (i.e., g.12713C > T, g.12755C > T, g.12938G > A, g. 3164C > T, g.13019G > A, g.13079G > A, g.13285G > A, g.13335G > A, g.13726A > G and g.13856C > T) in exon 3, including four novel SNPs (i.e., g.9830C > T, g.12713C > T, g.12938G > A and g.13856C > T). In the loci of g.10073C > T and g.12713C > T, chickens with the CT genotype had the highest (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) breast depth and breast angle, respectively. For the locus of g.13335G > A, chickens with the GG genotype had the highest (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) breast angle and shank circumference. For the locus of g.13726A > G, chickens with the GG genotype had the highest breast width, fossil keel bone length and shank circumference. The locus of g.12713A > G had significant effects on the PITX2 mRNA expression level in leg muscle. The H1H7 diplotype showed the highest shank circumference, and the H2H8 diplotype showed the highest breast muscle rate. The present research suggested that polymorphisms of the exons of the PITX2 gene were significantly associated with the body size and carcass traits of Wuliang Mountain Black-bone chickens and the PITX2 gene could be a potential candidate gene for molecular marker-aided selection in Wuliang Mountain Black-bone chickens and other chicken breeds.
Integrative Analysis of Methylation and Transcriptional Profiles to Reveal the Genetic Stability of Cashmere Traits in the Tβ4 Overexpression of Cashmere Goats
Authors: Dai Bai , Zhang Meng , Yuan Jian-Long , Ren Li-Qing , Han Xiao-Yu , Liu Dong-Jun
Published: November 2019

DNA methylation alteration is frequently observed in exogenous gene silencing and may play important roles in the genetic stability of traits. Cashmere is derived from the secondary hair follicles (SHFs) of cashmere goats, which are morphogenetically distinct from primary hair follicles (PHFs). Here, in light of having initially produced 15 Tβ4 overexpression (Tβ4-OE) cashmere goats which had more SHFs than the wild type (WT) goats, and produced more cashmere, we produced Tβ4-OE offsprings both via somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) and via natural mating (NM). However, the desired trait exhibited lower fixation in the line-bred offspring compared to the SCNT offspring. Integrative analysis of methylation and transcriptional profiles showed that this might be due to the influence of methylation on the expression of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between generations, which was mutually consistent with the results of the functional and pathway enrichment analysis of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) and DEGs. Overall, our study systematically describes the DNA methylation characteristics between generations of cashmere goats and provides a basis for improving genetic stability.
Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Lactobacillus Casei YYL3 and L. Plantarum YYL5 on Growth, Immune Response and Intestinal Microbiota in Channel Catfish
Authors: Zhang Hongyu , Wang Haibo , Hu Kun , Jiao Liting , Zhao Mingjun , Yang Xianle , Xia Lei
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of probiotics L. casei YYL3 (Lc) and L. plantarum YYL5 (Lp) on growth performance, innate immunity, disease resistance and intestinal microbiota of channel catfish. A total of 252 catfish (67.20 ± 1.46 g) were randomly divided into 3 groups which were fed with basal diet, Lc-added (3.0 × 108 cfu/g) or Lp-added (3.0 × 108 cfu/g) diets, respectively. After 4 weeks of feeding, Lc significantly enhanced the growth and feed utilization of channel catfish compared with the control group (CG). Following that, the catfish were challenged with an intraperitoneal injection of 200 μL of the pathogenic E.ictaluri (2.0 × 106 cfu/mL), the relative percent survival of Lc and Lp were 38.28% and 12.76%, respectively. High-throughput sequencing indicated Lc and Lp reduced the alpha diversity of the intestinal microbiota in channel catfish. Lactobacillus were overwhelming in the guts during probiotics treatment, but almost vanished away after 2 weeks post-cessation of probiotics administration. Compared to CG, Lc and Lp resulted in an increased abundance of Pseudomonas and decreased amount of Aeromonas. Functional analysis revealed that Lc treatment upregulated the relative abundance of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways including lipid metabolism, metabolism of other amino acids, metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides, xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism, and nucleotide metabolism. Combined, our data revealed that Lc, as a feed additive at 3.0 × 108 cfu/g, could promote the growth performance, disease resistance and dramatically change the composition of intestinal microbiota of channel catfish.
Damage Detection Using Modal Rotational Mode Shapes Obtained with a Uniform Rate CSLDV Measurement
Authors: Huang Zi , Zang Chaoping
Published: November 2019

With the rapid development of a continuously scanning laser Doppler vibrometer (CSLDV) technique, the full-field mode shapes of structures with high accuracy can be obtained. In this paper, a novel damage detection method using modal rotational mode shapes obtained with a uniform rate CSLDV measurement is proposed. The modal rotational damage indicators considering the changes of modal rotational mode shapes between the damaged and the undamaged states are established. Because the modal rotational mode shapes are obtained through the derivative of the detailed displacement mode shapes of transitional degree-of-freedoms (DOFs) with respect to the orthogonal directions, they are more sensitive than the normal displacement mode shapes. The uniform rate CSLDV measurement is essentially a uniform straight-line scanning technique and the measured mode shapes can be directly obtained through the demodulation of vibration signals. Besides, taking it for granted that a priori knowledge of the undamaged structure is not known, the undamaged mode shapes can be reconstructed from the measured damaged data using the fitted polynomial functions in which the minimum number of polynomial function coefficients are determined by a fit value threshold. The proposed method is firstly demonstrated by numerical simulation of the crack plate and then a plate structure with three damaged cases is taken as an example for further experimental study. The experimental results indicate the following: (1) The uniform rate CSLDV measurement can obtain the high accuracy modal rotational mode shapes with the advantage of eliminating the contaminated noise in the measurement; (2) the modal rotational damage indicators of the torsional modes are the most sensitive to the crack damage and they can clearly identify single, multiple damages and locations of the plate, and even slight crack damage, respectively. The effectiveness of the method paves the way for practical applications, such as ultra-light or composite structures.
Video Monitoring of Shoreline Positions in Hujeong Beach, Korea
Authors: Chang Yeon S. , Jin Jae-Youll , Jeong Weon Mu , Kim Chang Hwan , Do Jong-Dae
Published: November 2019

Shoreline processes observed by a video monitoring system were investigated under different wave conditions. A 30 m-high tower equipped with video cameras was constructed in Hujeong Beach, South Korea, where coastal erosion was suspected to occur. Two-year shoreline data since December 2016 showed that beach area, Ab, has decreased, but periods of rapid increase in Ab were also observed. Shoreline change was closely related to the wave propagation directions and bottom topography. Ab increased when waves approached the shore obliquely, whereas it decreased when they approached in a normal direction. The shoreline became undulated when Ab increased, while it became flatter when Ab decreased. The undulation process was influenced by nearshore bedforms because the shoreline protruded in the lee area where underwater rocks or nearshore sandbars actively developed, with a sheltering effect on waves. Specifically, the locations of shoreline accretion corresponded to the locations where the sandbar horns (location where a crescentic sandbar protrudes toward the shore) developed, confirming the out-of-phase coupling between sandbars and shoreline. When waves with higher energy approached normal to the shore, the sheltering effect of sandbars and underwater rocks became weaker and offshore sediment transport occurred uniformly along the coast, resulting in flatter shorelines.
Fabrication of Stretchable Transparent Electrode by Utilizing Self-Induced Vacuum Force
Authors: Lee Chunghwan , Shim Jaesool , Bae Chulho , Yoo Kisoo
Published: November 2019

The key challenge in fabricating a stretchable transparent electrode is the effective transfer of an electric conductor to a stretchable substrate. To this end, we used vacuum force to fully permeate the elastomer substrate into the electric conductor. The vacuum force was self-induced from the evaporation of the solvent in the electric conductor. Hence, a solvent, having a high evaporation rate, is postulated to exhibit superior fabrication quality. To demonstrate this, three different solvents were tested for preparation of the conductor slurry. In the test, the high-vapor-pressure solvents resulted in the superior quality of the fabricated stretchable electrode. Furthermore, the heating direction was changed during thermal curing to maximize the self-induced vacuum force. The plate-heating curing exhibited better transferring efficiency of the electric conductor because the evaporation of the solvent in the conductor slurry was accelerated faster than that of the thermal curing of the elastomer substrate. Besides the achieved high quality of the electrode, the fabrication cost can be drastically reduced because the extra process required to dry the electric conductor is omitted by simultaneous curing of the electric conductor and the stretchable elastomer substrate.
Evaluation of the Coupling of a Hybrid Power Plant with a Water Generation System
Authors: del Moral Amanda , Petrakopoulou Fontina
Published: November 2019

This paper presents the design and analysis of an energy/water system that combines a 20 MW hybrid concentrated solar/biomass power plant with an advanced wastewater treatment facility. Designed to be installed in one of the most demanding areas of the Iberian Peninsula, the Spanish region of Andalusia, this plant seeks to provide the area with potable water and electricity. The solar block works with a mixture of molten salts, while the biomass backup system of the power plant uses olive pomace. The implementation of a direct potable reuse facility further enhances the sustainability of the project. Urban sewage from the region is collected and passed through a series of purification procedures in order to generate potable water ready to be directly blended into the water distribution system. A sensitivity analysis is conducted to determine the feasibility of the co-generation of electricity and water in the area. With a capacity factor of 85% and an annual operation of 7,446 hours, the hybrid solar/biomass power plant generates 148.92 GWh. Exergetic analyses have been realized for two extreme cases: exclusive use of the solar block and exclusive use of the biomass system. An overall plant exergetic efficiency of 15% is found when the solar block is used and an efficiency of 34% is calculated when the biomass support system is used. Following an economic analysis, a total investment of 211,526,000 € is required for the full implementation of the system with a resulting levelized cost of energy of 0.25 €/kWh. We find that the selling price of the generated potable water which makes the plant operation economically viable is found to be 14.61 €/m3. At present, this price seems relatively high in view of current conditions; yet it is expected to become more realistic under future heightened water scarcity conditions, especially in arid regions.
Classification of Motor Imagery Using a Combination of User-Specific Band and Subject-Specific Band for Brain-Computer Interface
Authors: Jusas Vacius , Samuvel Sam Gilvine
Published: November 2019

The essential task of a Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) is to extract the motor imagery features from Electro-Encephalogram (EEG) signals for classifying the thought process. It is necessary to analyse these obtained signals in both the time domain and frequency domains. It is observed that the combination of multiple algorithms increases the performance of the feature extraction process. This paper identifies combinations that have not been attempted previously and improves the accuracy of the overall process, although other authors implemented different combinations of the techniques. The focus is given more on the feature extraction process and frequency bands, which are user-specific and subject-specific frequency bands. In both time and frequency domains, after analysing EEG signals with the time domain parameter, we select the frequency band and the timing while using the Fisher ratio of the time domain parameter (TDP). We used Fisher discriminant analysis (FDA)-type F-score to simultaneously select the frequency band and time segment for multi-class classification. We extracted subject-specific TDP features from the training trials to train the classifier when optimal time-frequency areas were selected for each subject. In this paper, various methods are explored for obtaining the features, which are Time Domain Parameters (TDP), Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), R2, Fast Correlation Based Filter (FCBF), Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD), and Intrinsic time-scale decomposition (ITD). After the extraction process, PCA is used for dimensionality reduction. An efficient result was obtained with the combination of TDP, FFT, and PCA. We used the multi-class Fisher’s linear discriminant analysis (LDA) as the classifier, which was in line with the FDA-type F-score. It is observed that the combination of feature extraction techniques to the frequency bands that were selected by the Fisher ratio and FDA type F-score along with Fisher’s LDA classifier had higher accuracy than the results obtained other researches. A kappa coefficient accuracy of 0.64 is obtained for the proposed technique. Our method leads to better classification performance when compared to state-of-the-art methods. The novelty of the approach is based on the combination of frequency bands and two feature extraction methods.
Saturated Ground Vibration Analysis Based on a Three-Dimensional Coupled Train-Track-Soil Interaction Model
Authors: Li Ting , Su Qian , Kaewunruen Sakdirat
Published: November 2019

A novel three-dimensional (3D) coupled train-track-soil interaction model is developed based on the multi-body simulation (MBS) principle and finite element modeling (FEM) theory using LS-DYNA. The novel model is capable of determining the highspeed effects of trains on track and foundation. The soils in this model are treated as saturated media. The wheel-rail dynamic interactions under the track irregularity are developed based on the Hertz contact theory. This model was validated by comparing its numerical results with experimental results obtained from field measurements and a good agreement was established. The one-layered saturated soil model is firstly developed to investigate the vibration responses of pore water pressures, effective and total stresses, and displacements of soils under different train speeds and soil moduli. The multi-layered soils with and without piles are then developed to highlight the influences of multi-layered soils and piles on the ground vibration responses. The effects of water on the train-track dynamic interactions are also presented. The original insight from this study provides a new and better understanding into saturated ground vibration responses in high-speed railway systems using slab tracks in practice. This insight will help track engineers to inspect, maintain, and improve soil conditions effectively, resulting in a seamless railway operation.
Evaluation of Whole-Body Vibration Exercise on Neuromuscular Activation Through Electromyographic Pattern of Vastus Lateralis Muscle and on Range of Motion of Knees in Metabolic Syndrome: A Quasi-Randomized Cross-Over Controlled Trial
Authors: Sousa-Gonçalves Cintia , Paineiras-Domingos Laisa Liane , Teixeira-Silva Ygor , Amadeu Thais , Lírio Adriana Pereira , Francisca-Santos Arlete , De Souza Luiz Felipe Ferreira , Pereira Mario José , Melo-Oliveira Maria Eduarda , Meirelles Alexandre , Guimarães-Lourenço Glória Maria , Reis-Silva Aline , Moreira-Marconi Eloá , Moura-Fernandes Marcia Cristina , Xavier Vinicius Layter , Mulder Alessandra , Lacerda Ana Cristina , Mendonça Vanessa , Bachur José Alexandre , Taiar Redha , Sartorio Alessandro , Sá-Caputo Danúbia da Cunha de , Bernardo-Filho Mario
Published: November 2019

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is related to overweight and obesity, and contributes to clinical limitations. Exercise is used for the management of MetS individuals, who are often not motivated to perform this practice. Whole body vibration exercise (WBVE) produces several biological effects, besides being safe, effective, and feasible for MetS individuals. This pseudo-randomized and cross-over controlled trial study aimed to analyze the effects of WBVE on MetS individuals’ neuromuscular activation using the surface electromyography (sEMG) pattern (root mean square (RMS)) of the vastus lateralis (VL) muscle and on the range of motion (ROM) of the knees. Participants (n = 39) were allocated to two groups: the treatment group (TG), which was exposed to WBVE, and the control group (CG). WBVE interventions were performed twice a week, for a period of 5 weeks. ROM and sEMG were analyzed at baseline, after the first session, and before and after the last session. sEMG (%RMS) significantly increased in the acute effect of the last session of WBVE (108.00 ± 5.07, p < 0.008, right leg; 106.20 ± 3.53, p < 0.02, left leg) compared to the CG. ROM did not significantly change in TG or CG. In conclusion, 5 weeks of WBVE exerted neuromuscular effects capable of increasing VL muscle RMS in individuals with MetS, this effect being potentially useful in the physical rehabilitation of these individuals.