bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Geopolitics of Emilia Pardo Bazán’s La Quimera: Femme Fatale as Split Feminist Subject
Authors: Cuzovic-Severn Marina
Published: September 2017

This paper analyzes the representation of the femme fatale in Emilia Pardo Bazán’s La Quimera (1905). Femme fatale is described by many critics as an expression of masculine anxieties and fears, caused by political crisis and growth of feminine independence in the nineteenth century. Male authors employed this figure to preserve patriarchal structure and the existent power balance between prescribed gender roles. I argue that Pardo Bazán, through imitation of male writers and manipulation of hidden meanings in La Quimera, employs this masculinist projection to express latent feminist ideas and a critique of the contemporary social position of women. In her novel, Pardo Bazán creates a feminist femme fatale and, through her geopolitically split formation (France/Latin America/Spain), criticizes Spanish patriarchy, domesticity and non-modernity. She achieves this without overtly violating masculine narrative structure or demeaning patriarchal order, as she appropriates the originally masculinist imagery of fatal woman. Nevertheless, the eventual fate of Pardo Bazán’s femme fatale—especially the elaboration of internal dialogs and her presentation not as antagonist and invasive Other but as protagonist and subject—demonstrates fundamental differences of a feminist perspective within her elaboration of this masculine fantasy. In this way, in a time and space where feminism as a movement did not yet exist or was in its formative years, Pardo Bazán immensely contributed to the development of European/Spanish feminist thought.
An Assessment of Significance of Value Stream Mapping to Mitigate Challenges Related to Solid Waste Management: Insights from Literature
Authors: Miya Anne , Ngacho Christopher
Published: September 2017

Solid waste management (SWM) is defined as the process of collecting, treating, storing and disposal of solid waste in a way that they are harmless to humans, animals, plants and the general environment. In Kenyan cities, solid waste is disposed in open dump system which is uncontrolled thereby posing numerous challenges to public health and environment. The purpose of this present is to identify challenges to SWM globally as reported in various literature and how value stream mapping (VSM) can be applied to mitigate the challenges. The study is based on the following challenges to SWM; composition of solid waste, physical and technical infrastructure, policy legislation and enforcement, personnel, funding and community’s attitude to SWM in relation to the following VSM components; 1. Consumer, 2. Supplier, 3. Materials flow and 4. Information flow. The cities are strategic centers of aesthetic value, peace and security which have been overtaken by messy unattended heaps of solid waste emanating from domestic sources, markets, business and shopping centers. Identification of waste management challenges in developing countries is critical to also help select the most appropriate technology for waste management to avoid blind transport of technology and machinery from developed countries which most fail.
Strengthening Ombudsman Institutions of the Republic of Indonesia to Increase Protection of Citizens’ Rights in Public Services
Authors: Asmara Galang
Published: September 2017

This paper aimed to identify and discuss the weaknesses of the ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia and its strengthening efforts. To obtain the objectives, the authors conducted both normative and empirical study by studying various laws and documents related to the institution. The facts obtained were analyzed using juridical and qualitative analysis methods. The result showed various weaknesses in both juridical and empirical aspects. The juridical weakness can be seen from the legal basis for of Ombudsman which is still weak. The empirical weaknesses include: a. the lack of socialization of ombudsman institution of the Republic of Indonesia; b. ineffectiveness of the ombudsman recommendation; c. the lack of independence and impartiality of the ombudsman institution; and e. limited ombudsman institutions. To strengthen ombudsman institutions of the Republic of Indonesia, it is necessary to: a. include an Article in the 1945 Constitution which regulates the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia; b. do continuous socialization efforts related to the function and procedure of public complaints to Ombudsman; c. provide strict supervision on the implementation of the Ombudsman’s recommendations by the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia as well as by the community; d. increase the commitment of the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia to avoid interference of power aimed at influencing the performance of the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia; and e. establish an Ombudsman in the districts and municipalities, especially those with maladministration cases.
The Special Status Conundrum and the Problem of Rehabilitation in Jammu and Kashmir
Authors: Singh Moksha , Jha Munmun
Published: September 2017

The political crisis in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir, following the partition of the sub-continent, resulted in state-society construction that was embedded in religious, ethnic and ideological lines. Coupled with specially designed legislative and political framework, the final status of the state was marred with inbuilt ambiguities. The latter subsequently provided a foundation for further political destabilization in the region. The present contention on the status of Jammu and Kashmir within the Indian union is the outcome of one such temporary political adjustment that was implemented in the state in the form of Article 370 of the Constitution of India. This, over the years, has resulted in political upheaval, growth of secessionist feelings and violence in the state. The relief and rehabilitation of those affected by the conflict have suffered at the hands of this political adjustment. Article 370 does not allow for the implementation of various central government laws and policies in the state, preventing many from receiving the much deserved state and central government aid. This paper proposes that under Section 9 of the State’s Constitution, changes should be brought about in this political adjustment so that there is an all inclusive policy on rehabilitation, ending the conundrum over who is benefitted and who is not.
Contextualization of Children’s Drawings in the Perspective of Shape and Adaptation of Creation and the Model of Implementation on Learning Art at Elementary School
Authors: Hendri Zulfi , Rohidi Tjetjep Rohendi , Sayuti Suminto A ,   Soesanto
Published: September 2017

The research focused on the contextual problem contained in children’s drawing activity. The subjects of the research are the forms (themes, objects, media, and techniques) of drawings made by elementary school-aged children spread over four regencies of Yogyakarta Special Region. In addition, the research also discussed adaptation that influenced the selection of themes, objects, media, and techniques in the work. The study on form and adaptation were subsequently formulated into concepts that can be implemented in art education in elementary schools. The research implemented naturalistic inquiry approach with consideration of the social situation of children when drawing, which is the aspect of places, actors, and activities that interact synergistically. In addition, it also used qualitative method that is an interpretive approach that aims to gain an in-depth knowledge of a phenomenon that occurs at the time the research took place from various point of view of the known subject. The research found that objects drawn by children were drawn from direct and indirect experiences of mountains, beaches, planes, homes, trees, and humans. The themes that appear in children’s drawing are themes that are sourced from their daily life (micro cultural) such as playing at a friend’s house, fighting, taking a beach vacation, wildfire, and playing at the garden. This happens because of the various backgrounds of residential areas, preferences, television influences and electronic games. Based on these findings, the micro cultural concept becomes a part that should be prioritized in art education for elementary school students to maintain the child’s individualism attitude and instill local cultural values.
Márquez’ “The Trail of Your Blood in the Snow”: The Existential Crisis in Escaping Reality
Authors: Abshavi Mojgan
Published: September 2017

Existential crisis befalls an individual whenever he/she becomes conscious over his/her own freedom in front of an apparently absurd universe or whenever he/she begins to think about his/her position and situation as a conscious being within the society. In order not to submit to the apparent absurdity of the world and not to remain in doubt over one’s position and situation in the society, Existentialism offers humankind a set of principles to bear the universe and one’s life and to live the moments of life in the best possible way. Gabriel García Márquez’ “The Trail of Your Blood in the Snow” is a short story in which Márquez has presented us with an individual’s struggles with his existence as such, a man who is trying to make sense of his life before the existential crisis befalling him through the sudden death of his wife. The present study tries to investigate into the existential crisis that happens to Márquez’ protagonist as such and highlight Márquez’ solutions for such circumstances regarding his existential concerns.
Representation of 2004 General Election Campaign in Comics Media: Semiotics studies of Comic Ketopraktoon in the 2004 Election Campaign in Kompas Newspaper
Authors: Murtiningsih Bertha Sri Eko
Published: September 2017

Comic could be a means to represent certain values. The reality is described through the storyline, setting and characterization which are packed in comic rubric. In comic, the whole symbols in the text will give certain meanings. They are including characters, dialogues, words written in word balloons, figure characters, and setting. This combination formed certain meanings which will determine how the reality will be framed by the media. Ketopraktoon is a comic strip which consistently reviews the sociopolitical issues and serves as a semi-comic in Kompas newspaper editorial. The strength of ketopraktoon in its social critics is built of figure’s characters which are presented in straightforward way with the support of storyline which fitted to the actual and factual condition in accordance with the dynamics of general election in Indonesia. This study aimed to discover how the election campaign during the Reform Era is represented in Ketopraktoon comic. This study used a qualitative approach with data analysis techniques semiotics of Barthes. To find the signs require appropriate and feasible methods of text analysis. Since the text to analyze is in the form of comics, the researcher defines the sign found in the comic text applies the technique that uses the semiotics of Barthes connotations and myths. The results showed (1) General Election campaign purely contained slogans and political rhetoric; (2) Pragmatism political parties and constituency campaign; (3) Irrationality behavior of political parties and constituency campaign; (4) Political branding refers to a materialistic tradition to gain popularity and power; (5) primitive and traditional culture in the election campaign.
Innovation Research Based on Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) Project: Review of the Last Decade
Authors: Henao-García Edwin , Arias-Pérez Jose , Lozada-Barahona Nelson
Published: September 2017

Research on innovation and entrepreneurship has increased in recent years. This article explores the structure of innovation research based on Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) project. A search of articles containing innovation and GEM related words was conducted, including only those published in journals within the Thomson Reuters’ Social Sciences Citation Index®. The main findings of this study show that is feasible use GEM’s data set to do research on innovation. Models that treat new firm creation and innovation as separate aspects of entrepreneurship, as well as, determinants of economic growth could be conceptualize and test with data provide by GEM project. Also, the number of innovations articles using GEM’ database has increased in recent years, suggesting opportunities and challenges for future research.
HRM Solutions for Retaining Millennials in Western Societies
Authors: Cassell Sandra K.
Published: September 2017

Organizations and researchers in Western societies are finding employees belonging to the Millennial generation are harder to retain than were employees of previous generations. Using generation theory for the foundation, this paper first looks at the literature discussing whether generational cohorts should continue to be defined as nationally bounded entities, or whether there are now ‘global generations’ in existence. Then, factors that decrease employee turnover are explored. Using social exchange theory and the norm of reciprocity as the basis, the literature suggests affective commitment leads to reduced turnover intentions. Two major constructs found to increase affective commitment are perceived supervisor support (PSS) and perceived organizational support (POS). Finally, human resource management (HRM) antecedents of PSS and POS identified as important by Millennials in Western societies are submitted as potential solutions for retaining employees of the Millennial generation.
Military Incursion, Tribalism and Poor Governance: The Consequences for Development in Nigeria
Authors: Akindola Rufus B. , Ehinomen Christopher O.
Published: September 2017

Nigeria continues to face difficult challenges as a country comprising many ethnic groups with different socio-cultural, religious and economic backgrounds. This paper critically reviewed literature and found that these challenges have shaped Nigeria’s leadership and created unhealthy rivalry including, in particular, a deep sense of exploitation, marginalisation and oppression among certain ethnic groups. Despite Nigeria’s abundant natural resources, the early politicians became self-centred and failed to make good use of these resources to improve the well-being of poor Nigerians, especially those in the rural areas. Instead, it was found that the politicians were engaged in economic vandalism and political opportunism, which precipitated a premature military takeover of government.
The Role of Philosophy in Enhancing the Quality of Human Resource in Indonesia
Authors: Nurdin Boy
Published: September 2017

The main purpose of philosophy is to describe how people may live and grow in better ways (Husserl, E.)1. The facts have shown that, once philosophy is involved, the character of people is thereby developed, leading them to have a better life. It is not only important for people to know about philosophy, but it must go beyond that point and be deeply understood, internalised, and practiced frequently. This paper will discuss the role of philosophy in order to show how the quality of human resource may be enhanced, in particular in Indonesia, in short-and long-term plans. The role of philosophy will determine whether the ultimate goal of understanding philosophy – which is to stimulate people to have critical, logical, comprehensive, and in-depth ways of thinking in their own field of expertise, which enables them to solve problems raised and faced in life – is going to be achieved in improving the quality of human resource in Indonesia. In addition to that, the educational sector should also be taking part in reaching this goal. People as individuals, who possess a good character and are always thinking philosophically and practicing the concept of philosophy in their daily lives, will achieve an exceptional life that is not only responsible and beneficial to themselves but also to their environment, surroundings, and communities.
The House of Wisdom (Bayt al-Hikmah) and Its Civilizational Impact on Islamic libraries: A Historical Perspective
Authors: Algeriani Adel Abdul-Aziz , Mohadi Mawloud
Published: September 2017

The House of Wisdom (Bayt Al-Hikmah) was seen as one of the leading libraries in Islamic history that appeared during the Golden age of Islam. It was initiated by the Abbasid dynasty. The research historically analyses the civilizational role of Bayt Al-Hikmah that has remarkably adapted the intellectual richness to serve scholars, scientists and worldwide thinkers. The study highlights the development that marked the house of wisdom in the time of the Abbasids. The main objective of this paper is to explore the impact of the house of wisdom on the Islamic libraries, moreover it studies the organizational structure of Bayt al-Hikmah along with library divisions and services that it provided for scholars and readers. The paper shall also deal with funding sources. The study found out that, the house of wisdom has had a very organized management system especially in collecting and book cataloguing, the library had a great interest in debating and scientific circles in various topics and subjects. In addition, some new competing libraries have been influenced by the system of the house of wisdom in Egypt and Andalusia. It preserved the knowledge and heritage of the ancient civilizations and it contributed with a remarkable and an unprecedented discoveries that the western civilization have utilized to thrive. The paper shall follow a historical method which comprises some guidelines by which the authors utilize primary sources to conduct a historical account.
Great-grandfather, please teach me my language!
Authors: Ka’ai Tania M.
Published: September 2017

Inspired by Joshua Fishman’s lifetime dedication to the revitalisation of minority languages, especially Yiddish, this paper presents my personal story of the loss of the Māori language in my family in New Zealand/Aotearoa and our attempts to reverse this decline over several generations. The paper includes a description of several policy reforms and events in Aotearoa/New Zealand’s history and the impact of colonisation on the Māori language, which, as seen in other colonised peoples around the world, has contributed to the decline of this indigenous language. The paper also presents the mobilisation of Māori families and communities, including my own family, to establish their own strategies and initiatives to arrest further language decline and to reverse language loss in Māori families in Aotearoa/New Zealand. This article, combining story and history, should be read as a historiography of the Māori language, based on the author’s acknowledgement that other indigenous minority communities, globally, and their languages also have experienced the effects of colonisation and language loss. This article, much like a helix model, weaves together a narrative and history of Māori language loss, pain, resilience, and hope and seeks to establish that no language, because it contains the DNA of our cultural identity, should be allowed to die. A table of key landmarks of the history of the Māori language also is included.
Developing a materialist anti-racist approach to language activism
Authors: Flores Nelson
Published: September 2017

The aim of this paper is to propose a materialist anti-racist approach to language activism. This approach combines Joshua Fishman’s pioneering work on language activism with critical race theory and the recent materialist turn in applied linguistics. A materialist anti-racist approach to language activism, positions language policy within broader efforts to dismantle racial and economic inequities. Using the case study of bilingual education programs in the United States, this paper points to the importance of accounting for the various non-linguistic factors that play a role both in terms of access to education as well as the experiences of students. It is noted that a failure to account for these non-linguistics factors, may lead bilingual education programs to inadvertently contribute to the marginalization of minoritized communities.
‘My tribe is the Hessequa. I’m Khoisan. I’m African’: Language, desire and performance among Cape Town’s Khoisan language activists
Authors: Brown Justin , Deumert Ana
Published: September 2017

In this article we provide a discussion of present-day Khoisan activism in Cape Town, South Africa. The main actors in this movement are people whose heritage is complex: their history can be traced back to the early days of the colonial settlement, reflecting the interactions and cohabitation of the indigenous Khoisan, slaves and the European settlers. Currently, their main languages are English and Afrikaans; yet, efforts are also made by activists to learn Khoekhoegwab. In discussing the Khoisan resurgence we draw on a wide range of sources. The data include: in-depth interviews with language activists; video and audio recordings of ceremonies and other cultural events; discussions and performance of language and identity on blogs and tweets; newspapers; linguistic landscapes; and, finally, artistic performances (with particular focus on the hiphop opera
Crystal structure of bis{5-(diethylamino)-2-(((2-oxo-2H-chromen-6-yl)imino)methyl)phenolato-κ2
O,N}copper(II), C40H38CuN4O6
Authors: Li Jing , Jia Hao-Ran , Sun Yin-Xia
Published: September 2017

C40H38CuN4O6, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 10.590(4) Å, b = 7.273(3) Å, c = 23.345(9) Å, β = 102.347(7)°, Z = 2, V = 1756.5(12) Å3, R
gt(F) = 0.0682, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.2373, T = 296 K.
Primary producers and production in Hornsund and Kongsfjorden – comparison of two fjord systems
Authors: Smoła Zofia T. , Tatarek Agnieszka , Wiktor Józef M. , Wiktor Józef M.W. , Kubiszyn Anna , Węsławski Jan M.
Published: September 2017

Hornsund and Kongsfjorden are two similar-sized Arctic fjords on the West coast of Spitsbergen. They are influenced by cold coastal Arctic water (Hornsund) and warmer Atlantic water (Kongsfjorden). Environmental conditions affect the timing, quantity, spatial distribution (horizontal and vertical) of spring and summer blooms of protists as well as the taxonomic composition of those assemblages. Here, we compile published data and unpublished own measurement from the past two decades to compare the environmental factors and primary production in two fjord systems. Kongsfjorden is characterized by a deeper euphotic zone, higher biomass and greater proportion of autotrophic species. Hornsund seems to obtain more nutrients due to the extensive seabird colonies and exhibits higher turbidity compared to Kongsfjorden. The annual primary production in the analysed fjords ranges from 48 g C m−2y−1in Kongsfjorden to 216 g C m−2y−1in Hornsund, with a dominant component of microplankton (90%) followed by macrophytes and microphytobenthos.
Variability of chlorophyll-a and diatoms in the frontal ecosystem of Indian Ocean sector of the Southern Ocean
Authors: Rajani Kanta Mishra , Babula Jena , Anilkumar Narayana Pillai , Ravidas Krishna Naik , Venkateswaran Bhaskar Parli , Melena A Soares
Published: September 2017

Phytoplankton composition plays a major role in biogeochemical cycles of the ocean. The intensity of carbon fixation and export is strongly dependent on the phytoplankton community. Yet, the contribution of different types of phytoplankton to the total production on various communities is still poorly understood in the Indian Ocean sector of Southern Ocean (SO). Therefore the variability of chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) and diatoms in the frontal ecosystems of the Indian sector of SO have been investigated along with the sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface wind (SSW), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and nutrients datasets for the period of 1998–2012. Combined analysis of in-situ, model and satellite observations indicate that the variability of Chl-a and diatoms were primarily influenced by light and wind. The Chl-a was higher at the sub-Antarctic front (SAF) followed by the sub-tropical front (STF) and the polar front (PF). The diatom concentration was higher at the SAF followed by the PF and STF. Maximum concentration of Chl-a and diatoms commonly observed at the SAF region are probably due to the moderate PAR, SST and wind. Dominance of diatoms at the PF may be attributed to their adaptability for low light conditions. The results from this study in the frontal ecosystems would help to understand the biogeochemical cycle of the Indian sector of the SO.
New records of isopod species of the Antarctic Specially Managed Area No. 1, Admiralty Bay, South Shetland Islands
Authors: Zemko Karol , Pabis Krzysztof , Siciński Jacek , Błażewicz Magdalena
Published: September 2017

Admiralty Bay (King George Island) is an Antarctic Specially Managed Area and one the most thoroughly studied small-scale marine basins in the Southern Ocean. Our study provides new data on the isopod fauna in this glacially affected fjord. Twelve species of isopods were recorded in this basin for the first time. Six of them were found for the first time in the region of the South Shetland Islands. The highest number of species new for Admiralty Bay were found in the families Munnopsidae (4 species) and Munnidae (3 species).
Quartz grain features in modern glacial and proglacial environments: A microscopic study from the Russell Glacier, southwest Greenland
Authors: Kalińska-Nartiša Edyta , Lamsters Kristaps , Karušs Jānis , Krievāns Māris , Rečs Agnis , Meija Raimonds
Published: September 2017

It is assumed that close to the margins of ice-sheets, glacial, fluvial and aeolian processes overlap, and combined with weathering processes, produce numerous sediments, in which quartz is a common mineral. Quartz grains, if available, may serve as a powerful tool in determining the depositional history, transportation mode and postdepositional processes. However, quartz grain studies in some modern glacial areas are still sparse. In this study, we examine for the first time quartz grains sampled from the modern glacial and proglacial environments of the Russell Glacier, southwest Greenland in binocular microscope and scanning electron microscope, to analyze their shape, character of surface and microtextures. We debate whether the investigated quartz grains reveal glacial characteristics and to what extent they carry a signal of another transportation and sedimentary processes. Although glacial fracturing and abrasion occur in grain suites, most mechanical origin features are not of a high frequency or freshness, potentially suggesting a reduced shear stress in the glacier from its limited thickness and influence of the pressurized water at the ice-bed. In contrast, the signal that originates from the fluvial environment is much stronger derived by numerous aqueous-induced features present on quartz grain surfaces. Aeolian-induced microtextures on grain surfaces increase among the samples the closest to the ice margin, which may be due to enhanced aeolian activity, but are practically absent in sediments taken from the small scale aeolian landforms. In contrast, aeolian grains have been found in the bigger-size (1.0–2.0 mm) investigated fraction. These grains gained the strongest aeolian abrasion, possibly due to changes in transportation mode.
Conditions influencing incoming global solar radiation in Hornsund (Spitsbergen) in spring 2015
Authors: Uscka-Kowalkowska Joanna , Markowicz Krzysztof M. , Przybylak Rajmund , Araźny Andrzej
Published: September 2017

This article analyses the conditions affecting the incoming global solar radiation in Hornsund (Spitsbergen) in spring of 2015. Incoming solar radiation turned out to be average for the season under analysis, as compared with longer-term data. The clearness index (KT) was 0.46, and was mainly determined by the extent of cloudiness. As a result of differences in the length of day, sunshine duration in May was greater than in April. Incoming solar radiation to the earth’s surface is also affected by the atmospheric optical properties. The average value of aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 500 nm in Hornsund in spring of 2015 was 0.087. In the analysed period, increased values of AOD at 500 nm (up to 0.143) were observed, although these are not record values. Over April and May, the greatest part of optical depth was comprised of anthropogenic aerosols (41%), followed by marine aerosols (26%), desert dust (21%) and biomass-burning aerosols (12%). This indicates the significant role of the anthropogenic factor in the climatic conditions of Spitsbergen.
Open-Source Neural Machine Translation API Server
Authors: Tars Sander , Papli Kaspar , Chasovskyi Dmytro , Fishel Mark
Published: September 2017

We introduce an open-source implementation of a machine translation API server. The aim of this software package is to enable anyone to run their own multi-engine translation server with neural machine translation engines, supporting an open API for client applications. Besides the hub with the implementation of the client API and the translation service providers running in the background we also describe an open-source demo web application that uses our software package and implements an online translation tool that supports collecting translation quality comparisons from users.
NMTPY: A Flexible Toolkit for Advanced Neural Machine Translation Systems
Authors: Caglayan Ozan , García-Martínez Mercedes , Bardet Adrien , Aransa Walid , Bougares Fethi , Barrault Loïc
Published: September 2017

In this paper, we present nmtpy, a flexible Python toolkit based on Theano for training Neural Machine Translation and other neural sequence-to-sequence architectures. nmtpy decouples the specification of a network from the training and inference utilities to simplify the addition of a new architecture and reduce the amount of boilerplate code to be written. nmtpy has been used for LIUM’s top-ranked submissions to WMT Multimodal Machine Translation and News Translation tasks in 2016 and 2017.
Parallelization of Neural Network Training for NLP with Hogwild!
Authors: Deyringer Valentin , Fraser Alexander , Schmid Helmut , Okita Tsuyoshi
Published: September 2017

Neural Networks are prevalent in todays NLP research. Despite their success for different tasks, training time is relatively long. We use Hogwild! to counteract this phenomenon and show that it is a suitable method to speed up training Neural Networks of different architectures and complexity. For POS tagging and translation we report considerable speedups of training, especially for the latter. We show that Hogwild! can be an important tool for training complex NLP architectures.
Visualizing Neural Machine Translation Attention and Confidence
Authors: Rikters Matīss , Fishel Mark , Bojar Ondřej
Published: September 2017

In this article, we describe a tool for visualizing the output and attention weights of neural machine translation systems and for estimating confidence about the output based on the attention.

Our aim is to help researchers and developers better understand the behaviour of their NMT systems without the need for any reference translations. Our tool includes command line and web-based interfaces that allow to systematically evaluate translation outputs from various engines and experiments. We also present a web demo of our tool with examples of good and bad translations: http://ej.uz/nmt-attention.
QE::GUI – A Graphical User Interface for Quality Estimation
Authors: Avramidis Eleftherios
Published: September 2017

Despite its wide applicability, Quality Estimation (QE) of Machine Translation (MT) poses a difficult entry barrier since there are no open source tools with a graphical user interface (GUI). Here we present a tool in this direction by connecting the back-end of the QE decision-making mechanism with a web-based GUI. The interface allows the user to post requests to the QE engine and get a visual response with the results. Additionally we provide pre-trained QE models for easier launching of the app. The tool is written in Python so that it can leverage the rich natural language processing capabilities of the popular dynamic programming language, which is at the same time supported by top web-server environments.
CzeDLex – A Lexicon of Czech Discourse Connectives
Authors: Mírovský Jiří , Synková Pavlína , Rysová Magdaléna , Poláková Lucie
Published: September 2017

CzeDLex is a new electronic lexicon of Czech discourse connectives, planned for publication by the end of this year. Its data format and structure are based on a study of similar existing resources, and adjusted to comply with the Czech syntactic tradition and specifics and with the Prague approach to the annotation of semantic discourse relations in text.

In the article, we first put the lexicon in context of related resources and discuss theoretical aspects of building the lexicon – we present arguments for our choice of the data structure and for selecting features of the lexicon entries, while special attention is paid to a consistent and (as far as possible) uniform encoding of both primary (such as in English because, therefore) and secondary connectives (e.g. for this reason, this is the reason why). The main principle adopted for nesting entries in the lexicon is – apart from the lexical form of the connective – a discoursesemantic type (sense) expressed by the given connective, which enables us to deal with a broad formal variability of connectives and is convenient for interlinking CzeDLex with lexicons in other languages.

Second, we introduce the chosen technical solution based on the Prague Markup Language, which allows for an efficient incorporation of the lexicon into the family of Prague treebanks – it can be directly opened and edited in the tree editor TrEd, processed from the command line in btred, interlinked with its source corpus and queried in the PML Tree Query engine.

Third, we describe the process of getting data for the lexicon by exploiting a large corpus manually annotated with discourse relations – the Prague Discourse Treebank 2.0: we elaborate on the automatic extraction part, post-extraction checks and manual addition of supplementary linguistic information.
Macrophage activation syndrome at the onset of glucocorticoid-resistant systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report
Authors: Tulbă Delia , Balea Marius , Băicuş Cristian
Published: September 2017

Introduction. Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a life-threatening hyperinflammatory state mediated by uncontrolled cytokine storm and haemophagocytosis. Although rarely reported, MAS might occur in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), notably as an inaugural manifestation. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are the cornerstone of SLE therapy. However, in some cases high doses of GCs are required to achieve remission (i.e. glucocorticoid-resistance), leading to significant side effects.

Case report. A 28-year-old Romani male was admitted to our hospital for polyarthralgia, polyserositis and fatigability. The patient had high-grade fever, jaundice and generalized lymphadenopathy. Laboratory tests revealed severe mixed hemolytic autoimmune anemia, leukopenia, hepatocytolysis, coagulation abnormalities, hypertriglyceridemia, biological inflammatory syndrome, hyperferritinemia and persistent proteinuria of nephritic pattern. Imaging studies showed pleuropericardial effusion, hepatosplenomegaly and polysynovitis. Additional blood tests revealed hypocomplementemia and positive ANA, anti-dsDNA and anti-Sm antibodies. Haemophagocytosis was not identified either on bone marrow or axillary lymph node biopsy specimens. However, SLE-associated MAS seemed to fit this set-up. High-dose corticotherapy (6.5 g methylprednisolone followed by prednisone, 1.5 mg/kg/day after discharge) and intravenous cyclophosphamide were necessary to induce and sustain remission.

Conclusion. MAS is a potentially severe manifestation that should be considered at SLE onset whenever high fever and elevated serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, C-reactive protein, ferritin and procalcitonin are noted. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment lead to remission in two thirds of cases.

Glucocorticoid-resistance leads to the use of high-dose corticotherapy or immunosuppressive agents that could elicit serious side effects. New insights into the molecular mechanisms of glucocorticoid-resistance are needed in order to conceive more adequate GC-therapies.
Study of Explosion Characteristics of Wood Dust Clouds in Dependence of the Particle Size Distribution
Authors: Kuracina Richard , Szabová Zuzana , Menčík Matej
Published: September 2017

The article deals with the measurement of explosion characteristics of wood dust. The measurements were carried out according to STN EN 14034-1+A1:2011 Determination of explosion characteristics of dust clouds. Part 1: Determination of the maximum explosion pressure pmax of dust clouds and the maximum rate of explosion pressure rise according to STN EN 14034-2+A1:2012 Determination of explosion characteristics of dust clouds - Part 2: Determination of the maximum rate of explosion pressure rise (dp/dt)max of dust clouds. On the basis of measurements, we found that the distribution of the particles has a significant impact on the parameters of wood dust samples.
Human Health Concenrs of Metalworking Fluid Components
Authors: Gerulová Kristína , Buranská Eva , Soldán Maroš
Published: September 2017

Exploration of 209 available Material safety data sheets of 85 straight oils, 46 emulsions, 51 semi-synthetics and 27 synthetics was carried out to provide a report on the most widely used components defined as dangerous substances. As many as 217 of different substances of which 15 were identified as biocides, 17 as corrosion inhibitors or neutralizing agent, 17 were lubricity improvers and 38 different base fluids, lubricity solvents or surfactants, while 93 substances were not identified specifically and 37 substances occurred only once. This article is focused on the list of base fluids in straight oils and their possible health effects.
Human Health Concenrs of the Metalworking Fluid Components
Authors: Gerulová Kristína , Buranská Eva , Soldán Maroš
Published: September 2017

The exploration of 209 available Material safety data sheets of 85 straight oils, 46 emulsions, 51 semi-synthetics and 27 synthetics was carried out to provide a report on the most used components defined as dangerous substances. As many as 217 of different substances of which 15 were identified as biocides, 17 as corrosion inhibitors or neutralizing agent, 17 were lubricity improvers and 38 different base fluids, lubricity solvents or surfactants, while 93 substances were not identified specifically and 37 substances occurred only once. This article is focused on the list of biocides, neutralizing agents and corrosion inhibitors identified in all types of MWFs and their possible health effects.
DTA Evaluation of Spruce Wood Degradation Process
Authors: Hrušovský Ivan , Rantuch Peter , Martinka Jozef , Dzíbelová Simona
Published: September 2017

The decomposition stages of spruce wood sawdust were analyzed by means of sequential differential calorimetry. Two stages of decomposition were identified and activation energy of one stage was calculated using the Kissinger method. The DTA was conducted by means of SEDEX safety calorimeter. Sample was analyzed under three heating rates of 10, 20 and 45 °C/h in temperature range from room temperature to 400 °C. The calculated activation energy for the last and most clear decomposition peak was 122.63 KJ/mol. The results are comparable with the data calculated by J.V. Rissanen et al., who calculated activation energy for Spruce hemicellulose as 120 KJ/mol.
Calcination of Nickel Mud
Authors: Klačanská Michaela , Kobetičová Hana , Soldán Maroš , Haršáni Marián , Kuracina Marcel
Published: September 2017

Different characterizations were carried out on uncalcinated nickel mud and samples calcined in the temperature range of 200–600 °C. In the present paper, the phase composition and structure transition of the nickel mud heated from room temperature are indicated by SEM, EDX analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Samples of nickel mud were collected in Sereď, where nickel was produced from Albanian iron-nickel ore. It was found that calcination has effect on the structure and composition of nickel mud. The obtained results provide an important base for the further studies of comprehensive utilization of nickel mud.
Flammability Parameters of Candles
Authors: Balog Karol , Kobetičová Hana , Štefko Tomáš
Published: September 2017

The paper deals with the assessment of selected fire safety characteristics of candles. Weight loss of a candle during the burning process, candle burning rate, soot index, heat release rate and yield of carbon oxides were determined. Soot index was determined according to EN 15426: 2007 - Candles - Specification for Sooting Behavior. All samples met the prescribed amount of produced soot. Weight loss, heat release rate and the yield of carbon oxides were determined for one selected sample. While yield of CO increased during the measurement, the yield of CO2 decreased by half in 40 minutes.
Gas Chromatographic Determination of Fatty Acids in Oils with Regard to the Assessment of Fire Hazard
Authors: Bartošová Alica , Štefko Tomáš
Published: September 2017

The aim of the paper was to study and research the application of processing gas chromatographic method for the rapid and accurate determination of the composition of different types of oils, such as substances with the possibility of an adverse event spontaneous combustion or self-heating. Tendency to spontaneous combustion is chemically characterized mainly by the amount of unsaturated fatty acids, which have one or more double bonds in their molecule. Vegetable oils essentially consist of the following fatty acids: palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linoleic. For the needs of assessment, the fire hazard must be known, in which the double bond is present, as well as their number in a molecule. As an analytical method, GCMS was used for determination of oils content. Three types of oil were used - rapeseed, sunflower, and coconut oil. Owing to the occurrence of linoleic acid C18:2 (49.8 wt.%) and oleic acid C18:1 (43.3 wt.%) with double bonds, sunflower oil is the most prone to self-heating. The coconut and rapeseed oils contain double bond FAME in lesser amount, and their propensity to self-heating is relatively low.
Thermal Properties of Lignocellulose Pellets
Authors: Wachter Igor , Hirle Siegfried , Balog Karol
Published: September 2017

This article deals with the characterization of biomass pellets using Differential Scanning Calorimetry. We used three types of industrially produced and commercially available pellets as samples: wood pellets containing grass, wood pellet containing bark and wood pellets without bark. Each of the samples were examined using the DSC method. Based on the measurements in atmosphere of air and nitrogen temperature, the changes caused by thermal degradation of various kinds of test fuels were observed. Subsequently, limits of exothermic processes, reaction enthalpy changes and the temperature at which exothermic reactions reached peaks were determined.
Review: Utilization of Waste From Coffee Production
Authors: Blinová Lenka , Sirotiak Maroš , Bartošová Alica , Soldán Maroš
Published: September 2017

Coffee is one of the most valuable primary products in the world trade, and also a central and popular part of our culture. However, coffees production generate a lot of coffee wastes and by-products, which, on the one hand, could be used for more applications (sorbent for the removal of heavy metals and dyes from aqueous solutions, production of fuel pellets or briquettes, substrate for biogas, bioethanol or biodiesel production, composting material, production of reusable cups, substrat for mushroom production, source of natural phenolic antioxidants etc.), but, on the other hand, it could be a source of severe contamination posing a serious environmental problem. In this paper, we present an overview of utilising the waste from coffee production.
Usage of FTIR-ATR as Non-Destructive Analysis of Selected Toxic Dyes
Authors: Bartošová Alica , Blinová Lenka , Sirotiak Maroš , Michalíková Anna
Published: September 2017

The degradation of the environment which is due to the discharge of polluting wastewater from industrial sources poses a real problem in several countries. Textile industries use large volumes of water in their operations, discharging thus large volume of wastewater into the environment, most of which is untreated. The wastewater contains a variety of chemicals from various stages of process operations, including desizing, scouring, bleaching and dyeing. The main purpose of this paper is to introduce Infrared Spectrometry with Fourier transformation as a non-destructive method for study, identifation and rapid determination of selected representatives of cationic (Methylene Blue), azo (Congo Red, Eriochrome Black T) and nitroso (Naphthol Green B) dyes. In conjunction with the ATR technique, FTIR offers a reliable detection method of dyes without extraction by other dangerous substances.

Spectral interpretation of dye spectra revealed valuable information about the identification and characterization of each group of dyes.
Biodiesel Production from Spent Coffee Grounds
Authors: Blinová Lenka , Bartošová Alica , Sirotiak Maroš
Published: September 2017

The residue after brewing the spent coffee grounds is an oil-containing waste material having a potential of being used as biodiesel feedstock. Biodiesel production from the waste coffee grounds oil involves collection and transportation of coffee residue, drying, oil extraction, and finally production of biodiesel. Different methods of oil extraction with organic solvents under different conditions show significant differences in the extraction yields. In the manufacturing of biodiesel from coffee oil, the level of reaction completion strongly depends on the quality of the feedstock oil. This paper presents an overview of oil extraction and a method of biodiesel production from spent coffee grounds.
The Effect of the Heat Flux on the Self-Ignition of Oriented Strand Board
Authors: Hirle Siegfried , Balog Karol
Published: September 2017

This article deals with the initiation phase of flaming and smouldering burning of oriented strand board. The influence of heat flux on thermal degradation of OSB boards, time to ignition, heat release rate and mass loss rate using thermal analysis and vertical electrical radiation panel methods were studied. Significant information on the influence of the heat flux density and the thickness of the material on time to ignition was obtained.