bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Traditional Theater Learning Based on the Revitalization of the Folklore of the Hanging Stone of Batak Toba Community
Authors: Irwansyah Irwansyah , Adli Dilinar , Akbar F Rusell
Published: November 2020

The revitalization of the Batu Gantung Batak Toba tribe story in the Simalungun Regency Area, is a lesson that brings students closer to real life, which cannot be separated from their culture. This story is the origin of Lake Toba, which until now we can see, and is one of the cultural heritages used as a tourism object in North Sumatra. The revitalization of the Batu Gantung story becomes a process of transferring knowledge by positioning educators as facilitators in the teaching and learning process. This study will examine the folklore of the Batak Toba tribe which has meaning in the life system of the people who believe in supernatural powers. This study aims to develop a revitalization-based learning tool for the preservation of folklore. Development is rigged with a 4-D model namely define, design, develop and disseminate. The learning material developed is in the form of elements in image transfer, both in terms of stories, functions, patterns, and meanings, which become a show based on on the rules of society. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method, and The instruments used were observation, recording, interview, center study.
Intercropping Garlic (Allium Sativum) With Chilli (Capsicum Annuum L.) in the Haor Area of Kishoreganj
Authors: Khatun MF , Islam MS , Ali MA , Ali MO , Ahmed QM
Published: November 2020

Haor is one of the uncertain areas for crop production and productivity in Bangladesh. Traditionally, single cropping practice in a short cropping season is the key obstacle to increase crop productivity. A study was carried out at Multi Location Testing site (MLT), Nikly under the On-Farm Research Division (OFRD), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Kishoreganj at haor area during the two consecutive Rabi seasons of 2015-16 and 2016-17 to evaluate the performance of garlic with chilli intercropping system, its productivity and economic viability. Four treatments were consisted viz., sole chilli, one row garlic in between chilli rows, double rows garlic in between chilli rows and garlic with broadcasting chilli. The highest chilli equivalent yield (28 t ha-1) was obtained from one row garlic in between chilli rows and the minimum chilli equivalent yield was (15 t ha-1) obtained in sole chilli. These intercropping practices yield increased 25-89% over the sole chilli. The highest gross return (Tk.559400 ha-1), gross margin (Tk. 428240 ha-1) and BCR (4.26) were found in one row garlic in between chilli rows and the lowest gross return (Tk. 297800 ha-1) and gross margin (Tk.188080 ha-1) were obtained from sole chilli but the lowest BCR (1.74) in double rows garlic in between chilli rows. Considering the experimental findings of two years, one row garlic in between chilli rows would be a suitable intercropping system for higher productivity and economic return.

Bangladesh Agron. J. 2020, 23(1): 75-81
Bacterial Isolates from Blind Tracheal Aspirates and Their Anti-Microbial Sensitivity: An Observational Study in ICU of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Mallick Uzzwal Kumar , Islam Md Sirajul , Asaduzzaman Mohammad , Yusuf Mohammad Abdullah , Faruq Mohammad Omar
Published: November 2020

Background: The number of organisms developing resistance to commonly used antibiotics is increasing day by day. The exact national scenario of antimicrobial sensitivity pattern is not well known in Bangladesh owing to the absence of proper guideline for prescribing antibiotics.

Aims: The aim of this study is to identify the group of organisms developing resistanceso that antibiotic policy can be formulated for the proper and effective use of antibiotics.

Settings and Design: This observational study was conducted for a period of 1 year from January 2018 to December 2018 in a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh.

Materials and methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2018 to December 2018, using the convenient sampling technique. Tracheal secretions from patients in the intensive care unit (ICU), tested in Department of Microbiology, National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital, were included in the study. The culture was done on blood and MacConkey agar and the sensitivity pattern was performed on Muller Hinton agar. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0.

Results: Out of the microorganisms isolated from positive growth cultures, Acinetobacter (57.8%) was the most common isolate followed by Klebsiella (22.9%). Acinetobacter, pseudomonas and klebsiella had good sensitivity to colistin(87.80%, 82.40% and 77.80% respectively), where as they showed less sensitivity to higher generationcephalosporin, penicillin and aminoglycosides.

Conclusion: The commonest organism which was isolated from the endotracheal aspirate cultures were Acinetobacter, followed by Pseudomonas and Klebsiella and antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed sensitivity to Colistin, Tazobactam/piperacillin, Meropenem and aztreonam. Whereas coagulase negative staphylococci was isolated only in minority cases with highest sensitivity to vancomycin and linezolid.

Bangladesh Crit Care J September 2020; 8(2): 81-85
Pattern of Cardiovascular Diseases in Diabetic population - a seven year study in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Irfan SM Rezaul , Habib Samira Humaira , Hoque Shabnam Jahan , Mohibullah AKM
Published: November 2020

Background: Cardiac involvement in diabetes covers a wide spectrum, ranging from asymptomatic silent ischemia to clinically evident heart failure. The total number of people with diabetes is projected to rise from 171 million in 2000 to 366 million in 2030. Up to 80% of diabetic patients die of macrovascular complications, including coronary artery disease (CAD), stroke, and peripheral vascular disease (PVD). CVD is the single-most important contributor, and is responsible for 17% of total mortality. Because of the growing numbers of diabetic patients and the increased mortality after their first cardiovascular event, it is critical to identify and treat risk factors early and aggressively in these patients.

Methodology: This is a retrospective observational study carried out in the Department of Cardiology BIRDEM General Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh from 2011 to2017. Total 5598 patients who were admitted to the institute between 2011 to 2017 was studied and evaluated to see the pattern of cardiovascular diseases in diabetic population.

Results: Among total 5598 patients, 50.02% were male and 49.98% were female. Majority of them were Diabetic and Hypertensive. Most of the patient having cardiovascular disease belongs to age 50-70 years. IHD was found among 1810(32.33%) patients with slightly male predominance. Different types of Cardiomyopathy were found among 330(5.8%) study population. Heart failure of different forms were present among 632 (11.28%) of patients. Different types of Arrhythmia were found among 159 (2.8%) of admitted patient. Rheumatic Vulvular Heart disease were found 64 (1.1%) of individual. Congenital Heart disease were found among 51 with ASD 36 (70.58%) followed by VSD 15 (29.42%) and PAD in 105 (1.8%).

Conclusion: This study reflects the higher incidence of Ischemic Heart Disease and higher association of Hypertensive Heart Disease in Diabetic population mostly affecting the 50-70 year age groups. This observational study also shows that the duration of hospital stay has gradually declined over the course of seven years. The incidence of Cardiomyopathy, Peripheral Vascular Disease and Heart Failure could be different in Diabetic population if wide range multicenter prospective approach would have been applied.

Bangladesh Crit Care J September 2020; 8(2): 96-101
Risk Factors of Premature Rupture of Membrane in A Tertiary Care Hospital, Bangladesh
Authors: Yeasmin Most Sabina , Uddin M Jalal , Biswas Rajat Sanker Roy , Azdar Azwad , Chowdhury Shahanara , Nourin Nishat Anjum
Published: November 2020

Background : Premature Rupture of Membrane (PROM) is one of the most common complication of pregnancy. A woman with premature rupture of membrane is at risk of perinatal morbidity and mortality and also associated with maternal morbidity and psychological stress. Objective of this study was to determine incidence and risk factors of pregnant woman with PROM admitted in a tertiary hospital at Chattogram, Bangladesh.

Materials and methods : This prospective observational study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Chattogram Maa-O-Shishu Hospital Medical College (CMOSHMC) Chattogram from 1stJanuary 2018 to 31st December 2018. In this period total admitted antenatal patients were 8117. Among the pregnant patients with PROM were 665 and their weeks of gestation were > 28 weeks. Data was collected by interviewer with semi structured questionnaire & check list.

Results : Incidence of PROM was 8.2%. PROM was found to be frequent (53%) in younger age group between 20-24 years. It was also commonly in primigravida (61.8%). Term PROM was higher (69.2%) than pre-term PROM (30.8%). 93.3% were singleton pregnancies, 6.4% were twins and .3% were triplets. Analysis of risk factors revealed ectiology was unknown in 46 (6.8%) low socioeconomic condition (60.6%), anaemia (45 %), lower genital tract infection (35.6%) UTI (31%) previous history of PROM (27.9%) malpresentation (15%) multiple pregnancy (6.7%) polyhydramnios (6%) history of recent coitus (12%) DM and GDM (10.5%) were commonly associated with PROM.

Conclusions : Early identification of various risk factors causing PROM and their management can prevent premature deliveries and its complications to some extent as well as serious maternal complication like Chorioamnionitis.

Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.19 (2); July 2020; Page 5-8
Angiographic Pattern of Coronary Artery Stenosis in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Iqbal Abu Tarek , Jalil Abdul , Uddin M Jalal
Published: November 2020

Background: Many studies were conducted in home and abroad on the subject but there is none in Chattogram region of Bangladesh. To unveil the existing situation we have conducted the study which will help better case management.

Materials and methods: Properly diagnosed 54 consecutive type 2 diabetic patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome were selected for study. The study was conducted in 2016 (One year) at a private cardiac center of Chattogram city. After adequate preparation angiography was performed with standard Judkin’s technique. Data were manually managed and statistically analyzed. Results were compared with other similar studies. Informed consent was taken from the patients and the hospital authority before conducting the study. A competent institutional review board approved the protocol.

Results: Sex of the patients were male 85% and female 15%. Age range was 30-70 years. Peak age group was 50-60 years. It was 41%. Mean age was 56±6.8 years. Multiple Vessels Disease (MVD) was the highest 39%. Commonly affected vessel was Left Anterior Descending artery (LAD) 83%.

Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus is a notorious risk factor for coronary artery disease. It causes coronary artery lesions earlier. It significantly causes acute coronary syndrome. So all measures should be taken to prevent and control diabetes mellitus.

Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.19 (2); July 2020; Page 21-22
Non-Parasitic Chyluria: A Rare Experience
Authors: Ahmed Faisal
Published: November 2020

Chyluria is the passage of chyle in the urine. The cause seems to be the rupture of retroperitoneal lymphatics into the pyelocaliceal system, giving urine a milky appearance. This condition if left untreated leads to significant morbidity because of hematochyluria, recurrent renal colic, nutritional problems due to protein losses and immunosuppression resulting from lymphocyturia.

Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.19 (2); July 2020; Page 59-62
Haemoperitonium : A Rare Presentation of Choriocarcinoma
Authors: Malik Adiba , Khanom Shireen Akter
Published: November 2020

Gestational choriocarcinoma is one of the most malignant form of group of tumors with almost 100% cure rate, developes secondary to pregnancy (Normal or ectopic) following hydatidiform mole, miscarriage or even after child birth. This starts within the uterus in the placenta but a tendency to metastasize to other parts of the body. Indicative signs are unexplained heavy and irregular uterine bleeding, raised serum b hCG, non normalization of b hCG following abortion or delivery and if it spreads, signs of metastasis. Our study presents a case of Choriocarcinoma presented with haemoperitonium, who was treated successfully with surgical and medical management. A 25 years lady Para 1+0, age of 3 years, normal delivery had an emergency admission for 2 months amenorrhoea with severe lower abdominal pain, slight vaginal bleeding suspected clinically as ruptured ectopic pregnancy. Ultrasonography suggest Invasive mole with huge peritoneal collection. After sending serum b hCG she was treated surgically and per operative findings were in favour of Choriocarcinoma which was confirmed by histopathological reports. Serum b hCG was raised and she was treated with combination (MAC protocol) chemotherapy.

Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.19 (2); July 2020; Page 57-58
DIMENSI KARAKTERISTIK LAPORAN KEUANGAN PEMERINTAH
Authors: Amin Asbi , Anwar Anwar
Published: November 2020

This research to prove the commitment of the leadership, the capacity of the financial apparatus, the implementation of the Regional Financial Accounting Standards, and the internal control function have an influence on the characteristics of government financial reports. This research is a quantitative study using primary data. The population in this study were senior auditors of the South Sulawesi Representative Audit Board using a purposive sampling technique so that the sample was sixty-eight auditors. The data were collected by using a questionnaire method. The analytical method used in testing the hypothesis is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the study prove that the commitment of the leadership, the capacity of the financial apparatus, the application of the Regional Financial Accounting Standards, and the internal control function significantly influence the characteristics of government financial reports.Keywords: leadership commitment, the capacity of financial Apparatur, the implementation of government accounting standards, internal control, the quality of local government financial statements.
THE EFFECT OF FRAUD TRIANGLE IN DETECTING FINANCIAL STATEMENT FRAUD
Authors: Sabatian Zakharia , Hutabarat Francis M.
Published: November 2020

Financial statements are a form of a report presented by a company that shows the financial performance of the company. In many cases of financial report fraud committed by Public Accounting Firm, they beautify the financial statements so that many investors are interested in the company. Therefore, this study aims to examine the influence of the Fraud Triangle factor in detecting fraudulent financial statements. The object of this study uses the financial statements of the Cigarettes and Cosmetics subsectors that are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2016-2018. This study uses thirty sample data using purposive methods based on criteria. Data analysis using logistic linear regression analysis. The results showed that Rationalization had a significant effect on financial statement fraud. Meanwhile, Financial Stability, External Pressure, Personal Financial Need, Financial Targets, Ineffective Monitoring, Nature of Industry have no significant effect on financial statement fraud.Keywords: Fraud, Pressure, Opportunity, Rationalization, Financial Statement Fraud
AGRESIVITAS PAJAK YANG DIPENGARUHI OLEH KOMPENSASI EKSEKUTIF, KONEKSI POLITIK, PERTUMBUHAN PENJUALAN, LEVERAGE DAN PROFITABILITAS
Authors: Riswandari Ernie , Bagaskara Kevin
Published: November 2020

This research aims to prove that tax aggressiveness is influenced by executive compensation, political connections, sales growth, leverage, and profitability. The annual reports of BUMN & BUMS companies in the non-financial sector are secondary data used in this study and by using the purposive sampling method in selecting the sample. The method of analysis used in this study is multiple linear regression. The result shows that the executive compensation variable has a positive effect on tax aggressiveness. Political connection variables, sales growth, and leverage have a negative effect on tax aggressiveness, while the profitability variable has no effect on tax aggressiveness. Keywords: Executive compensation, political connection, sales growth, leverage, profitability, tax aggressiveness
BUDGET PARTICIPATION AND BUDGETARY SLACK: THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF AUTONOMOUS BUDGET MOTIVATION
Authors: Wafiroh Novi Lailiyul , Abdani Fadlil , Nurdin Fajar
Published: November 2020

The purpose of our research is to provide empirical evidence of what and how participation in budgeting relates to the creation of budgetary slack conducted by managers through autonomous budget motivation. This research is expected to contribute to research and practice in the field of management accounting. Hypothetical testing is done empirically by collecting data through questionnaire dissemination surveys in various companies located in East Java. Data testing is performed with the help of the SmartPLS 3.0 app. The results of the data analysis showed that increased participation in budget preparation by managers from various departments led to a decrease in the creation of budgetary slack by managers. Nevertheless, the data test results were unable to prove that autonomous budget motivation was able to act as a mediation variable in the relationship between budget participation and budgetary slack. The results of the study indicate that only by actively participating in the budget preparation process, can directly reduce the tendency of employees to create budgetary slack without waiting for the high motivation of autonomous budgets that employees have first. Keywords: Budget participation, Budgetary Slack, Autonomous Budget Motivation
IMPROVING TEACHER SKILLS IN MAKING HOTS PROBLEMS (HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS) THROUGH TEACHER GROUP ACTIVITIES (KKG)
Authors: Yus Hiliyati
Published: November 2020

The quality of teachers as educators is an important factor, one of which is the quality in making HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills) questions which are the responsibility of the principal as the holder of the highest authority in the school, so the aim of this study is to improve the ability of teachers to make HOTS questions. (Higher Order Thinking Skills) through the teacher working group (KKG) which is the subject of this study 26 people using school action research methods that carry out cyclical research steps. The results showed an increase in teacher activity in the first cycle, the average percentage of teacher activity was 73% with a good category, and the average percentage of teacher activity in the second cycle was 91% with a very good category. The teacher's ability in making HOTS questions in the first cycle the average score was 80.76 in the good category, while the teacher's ability in making HOTS questions in the second cycle the average score was 96.92 with the very good category. So it was concluded that carrying out KKG activities was effective in increasing the ability of teachers to make HOTS questions.
THE USE OF DIGITAL LEARNING SYSTEM TO ENGAGE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN LISTENING PRACTICE: A CASE STUDY FROM EFL CLASS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Erlita Yeni , Nuran Ade Aini , Saragih Anggraini Thesisia
Published: November 2020

This preliminary research  aimed at portraying the impact of Digital Learning System (DLS) implementation on student empowerment. This work used qualitative descriptive case study. First semester English students of a state university in Medan, Indonesia, negotiated to participate in the study. Grounded in dialogic interview, the results suggest that the enactment of DLS gives attractive lesson for the students. The students felt the instruction made them borderless between the students and the lecturers. Overall implementation of DLS enables students to reach minimum standardized criteria in their listening skills. Limitation and further recommendation for next research are also presented
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF S.U.R.E. APPROACH AS A MEANS OF ENHANCING STUDENT PRAGMATIC COMPETENCE
Authors: Suprijadi Dasep
Published: November 2020

Due to the deficient pragmatic competence, pragmatic failures or even miscommunication will be produced in actual communication. Regarding those problems, S.U.R.E approach is offered to overcome in promoting learners’ pragmatic competence. This study aimed to investigate the impact of implementing S.U.R.E approach in improving students’ pragmatic competence. This study is a quantitative research embracing one group pretest-posttest design.  One class participated and 33 students were taken as the sample of the study using random sampling technique. Three English native speakers evaluated the test takers’ pragmatic competence. They were called on to read the speech acts, along with the transcripts, and to indicate the rating based on the rating descriptions provided. The mean score among the three raters was assigned as the closing score.  To collect the data, the students were given a pretest and a posttest.  The data were then analyzed employing paired sample t-test through SPSS V.24.  The result of the study showed that significance value was 0.00 of which it is lower than level of significance 0.05. Hence, the null hypothesis is rejected. This implies that the use of S.U.R.E approach has a significant effect on improving students’ pragmatic competence.
THE USE OF INFORMAL ASSESSMENT IN EVALUATING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY: STUDENTS’ AND TEACHERS’ VOICES
Authors: Himawan Arifin Nur , Purwati Dinar
Published: November 2020

In this era, English becomes an important subject to be learned in senior high school. In the case of English Language Learning, the curriculum design (K13) required the students to have critical thinking and active learning that should be master both written and spoken. Unfortunately, there are major problems faced by the students such as less confidence and low motivation in speaking. Thus, this research is conducted under a phenomenological study at SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Yogyakarta. There are two teachers and ten students who participate in the study. The Semi-structured interview had been conducted to obtain some information related to the studentsâ€™ and teachersâ€™ perceptions toward the use of informal assessment in assessing speaking. The result presents that the use of informal assessment is useful to improve the studentsâ€™ interest to perform speaking and enhance the studentsâ€™ confidence and motivation to perform the speaking test. Hence this research has some implications for other researches to develop a further discussion about the use of informal assessment in other language skills.
FOR STUDY, FUTURE CAREER AND RELIGIOUS PRACTICES: FEMALE SANTRIS’ MOTIVATIONS FOR LEARNING ENGLISH
Authors: Mulyani Euis Rina
Published: November 2020

This paper reports a survey study investigating motivation for learning English of Indonesian female students. The participants were 200 female students of a senior high school of a pesantren in West Java, Indonesia who participated voluntarily. The data was gained through close-ended and open-ended questionnaires. The close-ended questionnaire was adapted from Choosri’s (2011) instrument. The data from the close-ended questionnaire was analyzed quantitatively involving average score and percentage using Microsoft Excel statistical package; whereas the data from the open-ended questionnaire was analyzed qualitatively using Miles and Huberman’s (1994) framework of qualitative data analysis. Based on the data, it was found that the students’ motivations were more instrumental than integrative, especially to continue their study to the university level, to broaden their knowledge, achieve good grade/score, and achieve better career. It was also revealed that religious motivation of learning English existed among the students: expecting to be future pendakwah ‘Muslim preacher’ and making silaturahmi (knowing more and communicating) with English speaking Muslims.
Perceptual-Imaginative Space and the Beautiful Ecologies of Rose Lowder's Bouquets
Authors: Cooper Sarah
Published: November 2020

Experimental filmmaker Rose Lowder is an intricate explorer of perception. Many of her exquisite silent short films feature flowers that are scrutinized frame by frame in shots that appear to have layers, as well as volume, and to quiver between simultaneity and succession. Yet these perceptual palimpsests that present almost too much for the eye to take in also reveal an as yet unexplored relation to imagination. Informed by ecological principles and foregrounding floral beauty, Lowder's Bouquets create a striking bond between perceptual and imaginative space. This article draws upon twentieth-century phenomenological accounts of perception before delving into earlier historical discussions of beauty in nature and in art, and bringing out connections to moral philosophy and feminist ecophilosophy, in order to understand how the beautiful entwines with ecological concern in the perceptual-imaginative space of her films.
Giant Jejunal Diverticula Causing Pseudoobstruction
Authors: Çakır Murat
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Small bowel diverticula is a rare condition and is rarely seen in the jejunum compared to the ileum. It is usually incidentally detected. It is mostly asymptomatic. Herein, we aimed to discuss a case of multiple jejunal diverticula that have caused pseudoobstruction in the light of the literature.
Case Report: A 55-year-old male patient had complaints of abdominal pain, abdominal swelling, nausea and vomiting. Mechanic intestinal obstruction was considered. He was taken to the operation after resuscitation. Multiple giant diverticula were found in entire jejunum.
Conclusions: Jejunal diverticula may produce a different clinical picture. It should be kept in mind that jejunal diverticula that is a rare condition may cause pseudoobstruction.
POLİS BÜTÜNLÜĞÜ ÜZERİNE TEORİK BİR İNCELEME VE POLİS SAPMASI SORUNUNA KARŞI BÜTÜNCÜL BİR YAKLAŞIM
Authors: KAYABAŞI Osman
Published: November 2020

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, polis sapmasına karşı polis bütünlüğü yaklaşımının teorik bir incelemesini sunmak ve polis sapması sorununa karşı bütüncül bir mücadele stratejisi geliştirilmesi gerektiğini ortaya koymaktır. Polis bütünlüğünün teorik incelemesi yapılırken; bütünlük olgusunun kavramsal analizi, polis sapmasından polis bütünlüğüne doğru tarihsel süreç, polis bütünlüğünün tanımlanmasına yönelik yaklaşımlar ve polis bütünlüğünün bireysel, grupsal ve örgütsel anlamları ortaya konulmuştur. Polis sapması sorununun bütüncül bir yaklaşımla çözülmesi gerektiği önerilirken, polis sapması sorununa karşı dünyada öne çıkan polis sapmasını önleme ve polis bütünlüğünü geliştirme stratejileri tek bir çatı altında birleştirilerek sunulmuştur. Sonuç olarak çalışma, polis bütünlüğü üzerine farkındalık yaratmakta ve polis sapması sorununa karşı, sadece polis sapmasını önlemeye yönelik stratejilerin yeterli olmadığını, polis bütünlüğünü geliştirmeye yönelik stratejilerin de gerekli olduğunu, bu nedenle polis sapması sorununa karşı bütüncül bir strateji geliştirilmesi gerektiğini ileri sürmektedir.
Change Communication Strategy in Media Campaigns and Covid-19 Rising Infections in Nigeria
Authors: Udok Mbosowo Bassey , Eton Clement Usen , Akpanika Ekpenyong Nyong
Published: November 2020

Coronavirus is the latest pandemic that is challenging all spheres of the human economy globally. The popular "lockdown" which is a means used to ameliorate the devastating effect of this pandemic, was adopted by all the countries of the world mainly to soothe human health condition while other sectors of the global economy were also punctured. The long-term preparation towards the year 2020 for "Vision 2020" otherwise, “sustainable development” was horrifically traumatized. Moreover, African religious culture expressed as God's sovereignty and communalism suffers a great deal. This work seeks to investigate the effect of coronavirus pandemic on African religiosity. The paper adopts the historical/ descriptive method. It attempts to trace the present pandemic with previous ones as well as articulating the strength of African religiosity in the face of any pandemic situation. The finding shows that the sense of communalism has since been hijacked in recent times when political leaders think selfishly only of themselves at the detriments of the community's common members. The work concludes that the global pandemic has not only been a misfortune but also a blessing, God's sovereign over the universe may allow the pandemic, so that as the whole world is coerced into quarantine or lockdown, the earth may have a natural management and rejuvenation.
A Study on the Bake Hardenability of a Ti-Nb Stabilized Extra Low carbon Steel
Authors: Elkoca Candan Şen
Published: November 2020

Yakıt tüketimini düşürmek ve bu şekilde egzoz gazlarının çevreye verdiği zararı en aza indirmek amacıyla otomotiv gövde ağırlığının azaltılması son yıllarda otomotiv sanayindeki en önemli beklentilerden birisidir. Arzu edilen özellikler fırınlama sırasında sertleşen çeliklerle elde edilmiştir. Ancak fırınlama sırasında sertleşme özelliği ön deformasyon miktarı ve fırınlama sıcaklığına bağlı olarak değişmektedir. Bu çalışmada Ti-Nb ile stabilize edilmiş çok düşük karbonlu bir çelik sacın fırınlamayla sertleşme özelliği ön deformasyon miktarı ve fırınlama sıcaklığına bağlı olarak incelenmiştir.
Investigation Of Wear Behavior On Tool Steels
Authors: Erdem Eda , Uyulgan Bahadır , Öztürk Kübra , Saf Orçun
Published: November 2020

Bu çalışmada, kalıp çeliklerinde alaşım elementi etkisi ve içeriğine bağlı olarak dört farklı çeliğin sertlik ve aşınma direnci arasındaki ilişki araştırılmıştır. Kalıp çeliği olarak kullanılan dört farklı çelik numunede (A1, A2, A3, A4) sertlik ve aşınma testleri yapılmıştır. Yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda sertlik-işlenebilirlik ve sertlik-aşınma direnci incelenmiş ve dört farklı kalıp çeliği arasında en uygun kalıp çeliği önerilmiştir. Yapılan literatür çalışmaları ile ideal plastik kalıp çeliği sertliği skalası 30-35 HRC olduğu bilinmektedir. Çeliklerin sertlik değerleri göz önüne alındığında A3 kodlu numunenin 30 HRC sertliğe sahip olması ile diğer numuneler arasından öne çıkmaktadır. Aşınma deneyinin sonuçlarına bakıldığı zaman en az hacimce kayıp A3 kodlu numune de (0,678 mm3) görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, sertlik-işlenebilirlik, sertlik-aşınma direnci incelendiğinde, A3 kodlu numune dört farklı kalıp çeliği arasında en uygun öneri olarak belirlenmiştir.
Integrated Real Time Image Processing In Robotic Automation Line
Authors: Atalay İsmail , İsen Oğuz Alper , Cantez Emin , Aydın Serkan , Akyel Onur
Published: November 2020

Robotic automation systems includes higher production rates and increased productivity, more efficient use of materials, better product quality, improved safety, and reduced factory lead times. Higher output and increased productivity have been two of the biggest reasons in justifying the use of automation. Despite the claims of high quality from good workmanship by humans, automated systems typically perform the manufacturing process with less variability than human workers, resulting in greater control and consistency of product quality. Also, increased process control makes more efficient use of materials, resulting in less scrap.
Despite all these advantages, the final product control is still carried out by workers. In this study, it is planned to prevent quality problems with a video processing that integrates with the robotic automation line in order to solve the final quality problem. This system, which controls the movements of the worker in the predetermined motion routes with the signals coming from the line. It aims to ensure that the products going to the customer are completely error free.
Vidalı Meyve Sıkma Presi· Tasarımı, Yapısal Analizi, İmalatı Ve Veriminin Araştırılması
Authors: Koçak Harun
Published: November 2020

Ülkemizde bir çok meyve çeşidi yetiştirilmekte ve bunların bir kısmından pekmez yapılmaktadır. Pekmez, fabrikalarda modern yöntemlerle üretilirken kırsal bölgelerde genellikle eski yöntemlerle üretilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, pekmez üretimi yapılırken meyvelerin sıkılarak suyunun elde edilmesi için meyve sıkma presi tasarlanmış ve imal edilmiştir. CAD programında meyve sıkma presinin 3B modeli oluşturulmuş, gerekli hesaplamaları yapılmış ve iskelet kısmı yapısal olarak analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan hesaplamalara göre tasarlanan meyve sıkma presi için uygun elektrik motoru ve kayış seçimi yapılmıştır. Kayış-kasnak ve vida mekanizması sayesinde kırsal bölgelerde kolayca kullanılabilecek bir tasarım ortaya çıkmıştır. İmal edildikten sonra presle elma püresi sıkılarak verimliliği incelenmiştir. Yapılan hesaplamalarda, meyve sıkma presinin 10000 N sıkma kuvveti uygulayabilmesi için 1,5 kW gücünde ve 1410 dev/dak elektrik motoru seçilmesi gerektiği bulunmuştur. Yapılan analizde iskelet yapının maksimum gerilmesi 215,33 MPa ve yer değiştirme miktarı 1,69 mm olduğu görülmüştür. İmal edildikten sonra meyve sıkma presiyle püre haline getirilmiş elma sıkılmıştır. Elma püresinin % 71 oranında sıkılarak suyunun çıkartılabildiği tespit edilmiştir.
Investigation of the Mechanical Properties of Overlap Joint Combined Crash Boxes Joint Area by the Cold Metal Transfer Method
Authors: Yakupoglu Cihan , Acar İbrahim , Varol Faruk , Aslanlar Salim
Published: November 2020

Bu çalışmada, otomotiv sektöründe çarpışma sönümleyici görevini üstlenen çarpışma kutularının üretiminde kullanılan galvaniz kaplı 2 mm kalınlığındaki SCGA440 (Çift Faz) çelik levhalar birleştirilmiştir. Birleştirme işlemi CMT yöntemi uygulaması ile yapılmıştır. Bu uygulamada kaynak hızı 60 cm/dk’da sabit tutularak yapılan bindirme birleştirmeleri CuAl8, SG2 dolgu telleri ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. CMT birleştirme işlemleri yapıldıktan sonra, bağlantı bölgelerindeki çekme mukavemeti (Mpa), çentik darbe enerjisi (J), sertlik değerleri (HV) makro ve mikro testleri yapılarak incelenmiştir.
LPG Regülatörünün Araç Üstü Pozisyonlarının Soğuk Hava Koşullarına Göre İlk Çalıştırmaya Olan Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Terzioğlu Tolga
Published: November 2020

2000’li yılların başında LPG sistemlerin maliyet açısından avantajlı konuma gelmesiyle birlikte Türkiye pazarında LPG talebi büyük artış gösterdi. Bu talebi karşılamak için ilk olarak LPG dönüşüm firmaları kendi belirledikleri hazır KIT çözümleri araçlara farklılık gözetmeksizin uygulamaya başladılar. OEM ler ise daha sonraları kendi geliştirdikleri çözümleri uzun doğrulama testleri ile birlikte araçlara göre farklılaştırarak sunmaya başladılar. OEM çözümlerinde araçların mevcut benzinli durumları ile aynı performansı veren, araç üstü doğrulamaları tam olarak yapılmış, uzun yol testi doğrulamaları yapılmış çözümler piyasaya sürüldü. Buradaki performansta bahsi geçen konu sadece motor performansı yani güç değil aynı zamanda aracın tanımlı olan her hava ve yol şartında aynı çalışmayı gösterebilmesi idi. Aracın ilk çalıştırma sonrası, düşük hava sıcaklıklarda LPG ye çabuk geçebilmesi için araç üstüne yerleştirilen LPG sisteminin parçalarının da konumlarının uygun olması ve buna göre test edilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu makalede LPG regülatörünün araç üstü pozisyonlarının soğuk hava koşullarına göre ilk çalıştırmaya olan etkisini inceleyeceğiz.
Sürdürülebilir Mimarlık Kapsamında Akıllı Cephe Sistemlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Okumuş Emine Merve
Published: November 2020

Endüstri devrimi ve dünya savaşlarından sonra nüfustaki hızlı artış, kentleşme ve sanayileşme gibi faaliyetlerle doğal kaynakların aşırı ve bilinçsiz kullanılması ciddi çevre sorunlarına sebep olmuştur. Çevre sorunlarını önleyebilmek amacıyla ülkeler, sürdürülebilir kalkınma fikrini geliştirmişlerdir. Çevre sorunlarında yapı faaliyetlerinin etkisinin büyük bir paya sahip olmasından dolayı enerji verimliliği için yeni yapı teknolojileri ve malzemeler üzerine çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında sürdürülebilirlik kavramıyla geliştirilen akıllı cephe sistemleri incelenmiştir. Akıllı cephe sistemleri değişen dış ortam koşullarına cevap vererek mekân içerisinde kullanıcı konforunu en üst seviyede olmasını sağlayan ve enerji tüketimini minimum seviyede tutabilen sistemlerdir. Çalışmanın amacı akıllı cephe sistemlerinin sürdürülebilirliğe olan katkı düzeylerinin araştırılmasıdır. Çalışma kapsamında akıllı cephe sistemlerinin cephe kuruluş düzenleri, kullanılan bileşenler ve cepheye entegre edilen aktif sistemler araştırılmıştır. Dünya’da bulunduğu çevre koşullarına uyumlu olarak tasarlanmış akıllı cephe sistemleri incelendikten sonra akıllı cephe sistemlerinin binanın enerji tüketimi, karbondioksit salınımı, görsel konforu vb. etkileri ile sürdürülebilir kalkınmaya katkı düzeyleri değerlendirilmiştir.
The Effect of Laser Beam Wobbling Mode on Weld Bead Geometry of Tailor Welded Blanks
Authors: Yuce Celalettin
Published: November 2020

As a higher weight leads to increased fuel consumption for the automobile industry, the body in white must be lighter to compensate for the weight of additional components. Therefore, tailored blanks are used, which reinforce the body in white only in areas where a higher strength or stiffness is necessary. The applicability of laser welding processes with its numerous advantages, such as low heat input and production efficiency, is often limited when joining imperfect edges steel sheets due to small gap bridging ability. To overcome this limit, recent developments in the laser industry have introduced a novel method to wider the applications of lasers through the utilization of fast beam oscillation techniques, also known as laser beam wobbling. In this study, the effects of the four different amplitudes (0.5 mm, 1 mm, 1.5 mm and 2 mm) of circular laser beam oscillation patterns on the weld bead geometry and microhardness distribution were investigated. The results revealed that the weld bead width increased with the increase of wobble amplitude. Moreover, the tensile strengths of the welded blanks were higher than the AHSS base metal for all amplitude levels.
Mesleki Eğitime Yönelik Arttırılmış ve Sanal Gerçeklik Teknolojilerinin Tek Bir Uygulamada Birleştirilerek Karma Gerçeklik Uygulaması Geliştirilmesi ve Donanım Tasarlanması
Authors: Kofoğlu Muhammed
Published: November 2020

Endüstride bakım onarım, imalat, üretim planlama ve pazarlama gibi alanlarda arttırılmış (AG), sanal (SG) ve karma gerçeklik (XR) teknolojileri kullanılmaktadır. Bu teknolojiler gerçek dünya ile dijital dünya arasındaki geçişi sağlamaktadır. Birçok alanda başarı ile kullanılan bu teknolojiler eğitim ve öğretim alanlarında da temel matematik eğitiminden ileri mühendislik konularına kadar yardımcı ekipman olarak kullanılmaktadır. Araştırma kapsamında, endüstri ve eğitim alanları başta olmak üzere birçok alanda uygulama geliştirilen AG ve SG teknolojileri incelenmiş ve yöntemlerin kullanıcılara sunduğu faydalar ve teknolojilerin kısıtları araştırılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda ortaya çıkan rapor değerlendirilmiş ve ihtiyaç olduğu düşünülen sorunlara makul bir çözüm geliştirilmiştir. Burada, teknik ve mühendislik eğitimlerine yönelik hem arttırılmış hem de karma gerçeklik yöntemlerini tek bir uygulamada sunarak kullanıcıların tek bir uygulama ile her iki tekniğin faydalarından yararlanması amaçlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda hem arttırılmış hem de karma gerçeklik tekniğini destekleyen uygulama geliştirilmiş ve uygulamayı kullanmayı sağlayan bir karma gerçeklik gözlüğü tasarlanmıştır.
Infrared Photon Pair-Production in Ligand-Sensitized Lanthanide Nanocrystals
Authors: Agbo Peter , Kanady Jacob S. , Abergel Rebecca J.
Published: November 2020

This report details spectroscopic characterizations of rare-earth, core-shell nanoparticles decorated with the f-element chelator 3,4,3-LI(1,2-HOPO). Evidence of photon downconversion is corroborated through detailed power dependence measurements, which suggest two-photon decay paths are active in these materials, albeit only representing a minority contribution of the sum luminescence, with emission being dominated by normal, Stokes' shifted fluorescence. Specifically, ultraviolet ligand photosensitization of Nd3+ ions in a NaGdF4 host shell results in energy transfer to a Nd3+/Yb3+-doped NaGdF4 nanoparticle core. The population and subsequent decay of core, Yb3+2F5/2 states result in a spectral shift of 620 nm, manifested in a NIR emission displaying luminescence profiles diagnostic of Yb3+ and Nd3+ excited state decays. Emphasis is placed on the generality of this material architecture for realizing ligand-pumped, multi-photon downconversion, with the Nd3+/Yb3+ system presented here functioning as a working prototype for a design principle that may be readily extended to other lanthanide pairs.
Galectin-9: A Suppressor of Atherosclerosis?
Authors: Yu Jian , Zhu Ruirui , Yu Kunwu , Wang Yue , Ding Yan , Zhong Yucheng , Zeng Qiutang
Published: November 2020

It is no longer controversial that atherosclerosis is a vascular wall chronic inflammatory disease mediated by cells of innate and adaptive immunity. Galectin-9 (Gal-9) seems to be a crucial regulator of T-cell immunity by inducing apoptosis in specific T-cell subpopulations associated with autoimmunity and inflammatory disease. Accumulating evidence showed that galectin-9 signaling via T-cell immunoglobulin mucin 3 (TIM-3) is concerned with different regulatory functions in autoimmunity, including direct depletion of pro-inflammatory T-cells, expanding the number of regulatory T cells, altering macrophages to an anti-inflammatory state and the induction of repressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells. In addition, anti-Tim-3-Ab administration increased atherosclerotic plaque formation by blocking Tim-3–galectin-9 interaction. Hence, we hypothesize that galectin-9 may be a novel therapy for atherosclerotic disease. Further researches are needed to investigate the precise effect of galectin-9 in the process of atherosclerosis.
Biofuel Production with Castor Bean: A Win–Win Strategy for Marginal Land
Authors: Carrino Linda , Visconti Donato , Fiorentino Nunzio , Fagnano Massimo
Published: November 2020

The urgency to reduce resource depletion and waste production is expected to lead to an economy based on renewable resources. Biofuels, for instance, are a great green alternative to fossil fuel, but they are currently derived from edible vegetable oils such as soybean, palm, and sunflower. Concerns have been raised about the social–economic implication and ecological impacts of biodiesel production. Cultivating new lands as biodiesel feedstock rather than food supply, with the consequent increase in food prices, leads to so-called indirect land-use change (ILUC). Establishing bioenergy crops with phytoremediation ability on contaminated soils offers multiple benefits such as improving soil properties and ecosystem services, decreasing soil erosion, and diminishing the dispersion of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) into the environment. Castor bean is an unpalatable, high-biomass plant, and it has been widely demonstrated to possess phytoremediation capability for several PTEs. Castor bean can grow on marginal lands not suitable for food crops, has multiple uses as a raw material, and is already used in biodiesel production. These characteristics make it perfect for sustainable biodiesel production. Linking biofuel production with environmental remediation can be considered a win–win strategy.
The 13C Discrimination of Crops Identifies Soil Spatial Variability Related to Water Shortage Vulnerability
Authors: Haberle Jan , Duffková Renata , Raimanová Ivana , Fučík Petr , Svoboda Pavel , Lukas Vojtěch , Kurešová Gabriela
Published: November 2020

Spatial variability of crop growth and yields is the result of many interacting factors. The contribution of the factors to variable yields is often difficult to separate. This work studied the relationships between the 13C discrimination (Δ13C) of plants and the spatial variability of field soil conditions related to impacts of water shortage on crop yield. The 13C discrimination, the indicator of water shortage in plants, 15N (δ15N) discrimination, and nitrogen (N) content were determined in grains of winter wheat, spring barley, and pea. The traits were observed at several dozens of grid spots in seven fields situated in two regions with different soil and climate conditions between the years 2017 and 2019. The principles of precision agriculture were implemented in some of the studied fields and years by variable rate nitrogen fertilization. The Δ13C significantly correlated with grain yields (correlation coefficient from 0.66 to 0.94), with the exception of data from the wetter year 2019 at the site with higher soil water capacity. The effect of drought was demonstrated by statistically significant relationships between Δ13C in dry years and soil water capacity (r from 0.46 to 0.97). The significant correlations between Δ13C and N content of seeds and soil water capacity agreed with the expected impact of water shortage on plants. The 13C discrimination of crop seeds was confirmed as a reliable indicator of soil spatial variability related to water shortage. Stronger relationships were found in variably fertilized areas.
First Report of Glyphosate-Resistant Biotype of Eleusine Indica (L.) Gaertn. in Europe
Authors: Loddo Donato , Imperatore Gaetano , Milani Andrea , Panozzo Silvia , Farinati Silvia , Sattin Maurizio , Zanin Giuseppe
Published: November 2020

Glyphosate-resistant biotypes of Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. have been detected in Asia, the Americas but not in Europe. The aim of this study was to evaluate resistance levels and possible target site resistance mechanisms of an E. indica biotype (19-1) collected from a plant nursery in Southern Italy where poor glyphosate efficacy was reported. Two dose-response experiments were conducted to evaluate the sensitivity of biotype 19-1 to glyphosate in comparison with two susceptible checks. 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) sequencing was performed to identify possible mutations conferring the resistance. The susceptible biotypes were completely controlled at the glyphosate recommended field dose of 360 g ae ha−1, while 50% of the plants of biotype 19-1 survived at 1440 g ae ha−1. The resistance index of biotype 19-1 ranged between 5.8 and 7.3 for the response variables of fresh weight reduction and plant survival, respectively. All the plants surviving glyphosate application and sampled for DNA analyses had the point mutation P106A. The biotype 19-1 can be confirmed as glyphosate-resistant, representing the first glyphosate-resistant population of E. indica in Europe.