bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synergistic effect of modified pore and heterojunction of MOF-derived α-Fe2O3/ZnO for superior photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue
Authors: Zulfa Liyana Labiba , Ediati Ratna , Hidayat Alvin Romadhoni Putra , Subagyo Riki , Faaizatunnisa Nuhaa , Kusumawati Yuly , Hartanto Djoko , Widiastuti Nurul , Utomo Wahyu Prasetyo , Santoso Mardi
Published: January 2023

Mesoporous heterojunction MOF-derived α-Fe2O3/ZnO composites were prepared by a simple calcination of α-Fe2O3/ZIF-8 as a sacrificial template.
Thiourea fused γ-amino alcohol organocatalysts for asymmetric Mannich reaction of β-keto active methylene compounds with imines
Authors: Nomura Miku , Begum Zubeda , Seki Chigusa , Okuyama Yuko , Kwon Eunsang , Uwai Koji , Tokiwa Michio , Tokiwa Suguru , Takeshita Mitsuhiro , Nakano Hiroto
Published: January 2023

Catalytic functionality of new optically active thiourea fused γ-amino alcohols was examined in the asymmetric Mannich reaction of β-keto active methylene compounds with imines to afford chiral Mannich products, β-amino keto compounds..
Two-photon microscopy as a visual tool for polymer compatibilization monitoring: the PE-EVOH case
Authors: D’Auria Silvia , Pedrini Alessandro , Ferraboschi Ilaria , Vachon Jérôme , Sissa Cristina , Pinalli Roberta , Dalcanale Enrico
Published: January 2023

PE and EVOH compatibilization is investigated upon functionalization of PE with ODIN, a fluorescent molecule forming multiple H-bonds with EVOH. Two-photon microscopy is exploited to monitor the polymer blending before and after reprocessing.
Impact of granular inclusions on the phase behavior of colloidal gels
Authors: Li Yankai , Royer John R. , Sun Jin , Ness Christopher
Published: January 2023

This particle-based simulation studies the impact of large granular inclusions on colloidal gel phase behaviour. The inclusion size relative to the native gel structure determines whether the phase behaviour is determined by an effective colloidal volume fraction.
In-depth structural characterization of the influence of Li+ excess on spherical, Co-free layered LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 cathode material using correlative Raman–SEM microscopy
Authors: Klein Florian , Pfeifer Claudia , Scheitenberger Philipp , Pfeiffer Lukas , Zimmer Dominik , Wohlfahrt-Mehrens Margret , Lindén Mika , Axmann Peter
Published: January 2023

Structural evidence of a Li+ induced phase segregation on particle level in Co-free layered Li–Mn–Ni-oxide cathode materials for Li-ion batteries is presented, illustrating the importance of correlative SEM–Raman microscopy in battery research.
Conjugated porphyrin polymer films with nickel single sites for the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Bansal Deepak , Cardenas-Morcoso Drialys , Boscher Nicolas
Published: January 2023

Nickel(ii) porphyrins are polymerized via chemical vapor deposition into highly conjugated structures. The careful selection of the substituent enables the OER to be performed at low overpotential.
Controlled-release fertilizers with an ultralow coating content
Authors: Liang Dunsheng , Shi Hebo , Lu Qiming , Quirino Rafael L. , Zhang Chaoqun
Published: January 2023

The controlled-release fertilizers with superior controlled-release performance and an extremely low coating content were fabricated using castor oil-based polyurethane coatings, followed by dual superhydrophobic modification.
Role of the electrode-edge in optically sensitive three-dimensional carbon foam-MoS2based high-performance micro-supercapacitors
Authors: Kumar Sumana , Mukherjee Anwesha , Telpande Swanand , Mahapatra Ayon Das , Kumar Praveen , Misra Abha
Published: January 2023

Developing high-performance micro-supercapacitors in a limited footprint area is important for miniaturized electronics, where enhancement in energy storage per unit area is critical.
Construction of a desirable hyperbolic microfluidic chip for ultrasensitive determination of PCT based on chemiluminescence
Authors: Yin Binfeng , Yue Wenkai , Sohan A. S. M. Muhtasim Fuad , Wan Xinhua , Zhou Teng , Shi Liuyong , Qian Changcheng , Lin Xiaodong
Published: January 2023

In this work, the integration of the desirable hyperbolic microfluidic chip with chemiluminescence as a signal readout enabled achieving the point-of-care testing of PCT in clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Second near-infrared photoactivatable nanomedicines for enhanced photothermal–chemodynamic therapy of cancer
Authors: Wu Shunli , Liu Changcun , Li Wenjuan , Zhang Chenxi , Chen Dagui , Xu Can , Su Li , Wang Xiuhui
Published: January 2023

Novel second near-infrared photoactivatable nanocomposites (LCG) could effectively ablate tumors via photothermal–chemodynamic (PTT–CDT) treatment.
Green synthesis of ultrathin 2D nanoplatelets, hematene and magnetene, from mineral ores in water, with strong optical limiting performance
Authors: Koutsioukis Apostolos , Florakis Georgios , Samartzis Nikolaos , Yannopoulos Spyros N. , Stavrou Michalis , Theodoropoulou Dionysia , Chazapis Nikolaos , Couris Stelios , Kolokithas-Ntoukas Argiris , Asimakopoulos Georgios , Gournis Dimitrios P. , Tzitzios Vasileios , Sakellis Elias , Tombros Stylianos F. , Kokkalas Sotirios , Georgakilas Vasilios
Published: January 2023

Hematene and magnetene nanoplatelets have been produced by liquid phase exfoliation of natural mineral ores, in a water solution of melamine under mild sonication.
Phosphoric acid densified red emissive carbon dots with a well-defined structure and narrow band fluorescence for intracellular reactive oxygen species detection and scavenging
Authors: Xu Yalan , Wang Chan , Sui Laizhi , Ran Guoxia , Song Qijun
Published: January 2023

Phosphoric acid-densified red emissive carbon dots (R-CDs) with well-defined structures and narrow band fluorescence were prepared for the detection of ROS under pathological conditions.
A multi-responsive Tb-doped MOF probe for highly specific breath volatile biomarker recognition of lung cancer
Authors: Liu Luping , Ru Lihua , Tang Hanxiao , Zhang Zhijuan , Feng Weisheng
Published: January 2023

A schematic presentation for styrene and EB detection based on multi-responsive Tb-UiO-66 (1 : 103).
Recent Developments in Vestibular Migraine: A Narrative Review
Authors: Benjamin Tania , Gardi Adam , Sharon Jeffrey D.
Published: January 2023

Purpose:

The aim of this study was to review current literature regarding the epidemiology of vestibular migraine (VM), patient presentation, pathogenesis, and treatment.

Recent Findings:

VM is becoming an increasingly recognized condition in the United States, currently affecting 2.7% of people. Patients may experience vestibular symptoms, such as vertigo and imbalance, with or without other migrainous symptoms. Recent evidence has also shown that patients with VM are at higher risk for cochlear dysfunction, such as sudden deafness, sensorineural hearing loss, and tinnitus. The heritability and genetics are not well understood, and the pathogenesis may involve calcitonin gene-related peptide, which is also implicated in migraine headaches. A disease-specific patient reported outcome measure, the Vestibular Migraine Patient Assessment Tool and Handicap Inventory, was recently developed and validated. A limited number of controlled trials have assessed various therapies for VM, including triptans and beta-blockers. More data are needed to understand whether or not currently available migraine treatments are effective for VM.

VM is a common etiology of vertigo and dizziness, presenting with a characteristic spectrum of symptoms. Early data suggest that migraine treatments may be helpful in some cases.
Deep learning based carbon emissions forecasting and renewable energy's impact quantification
Authors: Mujeeb Sana , Javaid Nadeem
Published: January 2023

Global warming is one of the most challenging issues of the current era. Revolutions in industrial, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) sectors significantly contribute in increasing global warming. Green House Gases (GHG) emissions from industrial, transportation, power and other sectors cause environmental pollution, which results in climate degradation. Environmental experts are well aware of the disastrous consequences of excessive global warming; therefore, several decarbonization strategies are developed and practiced in the recent past. A widely practiced decarbonization strategy is replacing fossil fuels by Renewable Energy Sources (RES) in the power systems. Electricity consumers are also encouraged to shift their consumption load to low carbon emissions' time periods. For accomplishing this task, an estimation of future carbon emissions is required. In this paper, power system's carbon emissions are predicted accurately with the help of a novel and an efficient forecasting model. The proposed model comprises of Spearman Correlation Analysis (SCA) and Improved Shallow Denoising Autoencoder (ISDAE) based feature engineering. Forecasting is performed through an Improved Particle Swarm Optimization (IPSO) based Deep Neural Network (DNN) forecaster. In addition, a comprehensive quantification analysis is also presented in this paper. The impacts of RES integration level on the electricity price, consumption cost and Greenhouse Gases (GHG) emissions are quantified descriptively and graphically. Performance of the proposed forecasting model is evaluated by Normalized Root Mean Square Error (NRMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Mean Square Error (MSE). Simulation results prove that the proposed model outperforms Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) based carbon emission forecasting models in terms of forecasting accuracy.
Treatment of the elements of depreciation of fixed assets in the Accounting Policy
Authors: Zaslavskaya Irina
Published: January 2023

This article examines the issues involved in treatment of the elements of depreciation of fixed assets in the Accounting Policy of transport companies. The cost of fixed assets has a significant weight in the balance sheet of transport organizations. The reliability of the assessment of this type of property depends on the correct calculation of depreciation and the choice of its elements. The use in calculations of liquidation and fair value influenced the amount of book value (formerly “written down”), and in general the amount of balance sheet assets. The article analyzes accounting changes with respect to depreciation due to the enactment of the FSBU (Federal Accounting Standard) 6/2020, and substantiates the need to develop new forms of accounting documents to reflect the elements of depreciation on receipt of fixed assets as well as to record information about changes in each element of depreciation (useful life, residual value, the method of depreciation) for each year during the useful life in connection with the requirement FSBU 6/2020. The author identifies the relationship between the method of establishing a useful life and the method of depreciation and examines the reflection of sufficient information in the Accounting Policy on the elements of depreciation.
Wheel rolling on deformable ground with slippage
Authors: Mamaev Alexey , Balabina Tatiana , Karelina Maria
Published: January 2023

Wheeled vehicles can move not only on a solid supporting surface, but also on deformable surfaces (snow, ground, sand, etc.). When a pneumatic wheel with a high internal air pressure rolls over deformable soil, the nature of the wheels’ interaction with the ground is such that the wheel can be considered rigid, since its normal deformation is small. This greatly simplifies the calculations associated with the analysis of the wheeled vehicles’ operation, taking into account the transforming properties of the wheel mover, in particular, the determination of the kinematic and power parameters of the wheel. In this paper, using the method of motion reversal, the picture of physical phenomena in the contact of the wheel with the ground is considered, which made it possible to obtain relatively simple expressions for calculating the circumferential traction force and the coefficient of tangential elasticity of the “wheel - deformable ground” pair.
Spectrometric investigation of internal combustion engine oil
Authors: Zhukov Vladimir , Milrat Olesya , Igonin Vladimir , Gorshkov Roman , Pavlov Aleksandr
Published: January 2023

One of the ways to improve the efficiency of internal combustion engines is by reducing fuel and lubricant costs. The major cost of engine oil is due to the need to replace it regularly. Extending the service life of the oil based on the evaluation of its actual condition provides a significant reduction in operating costs. The article presents the results of the evaluation of changes in oil performance using spectrometric methods of oil sample analysis. Spectrometric methods allow to estimate promptly the intensity of accumulation of wear products, impurities, additives degradation degree, its viscosity index, oxidation, alkalinity in the oil. The results of spectrometric analyzes can also be used to assess the technical condition of the engine and the intensity of wear of its main parts. Results of researches confirm a possibility of scientific substantiation of prolongation of term of use of engine oils of internal combustion engines that provides decrease in operational expenses. The application of spectrometric methods of engine oil analysis also provides perfection of the engine maintenance system based on an objective estimation of the condition of the knots and mechanisms of the engine and the exception of not forced repairs and service. To increase the efficiency of the use of spectrometric methods of engine oil analysis, it is necessary to accumulate and generalize experience of their practical application and increase the duration of tests.
Microprocessor temperature control device for a thermal object
Authors: Ivanov Vladimir , Smolentsev Sergey , Filyakov Alexey
Published: January 2023

The article deals with a device for temperature control of a thermal object. The device is based on a single-chip AVR ATmega32 microcontroller. There are two modes of temperature regulation. The first is designed for temperature regulation within the range of -55 ° C to +125 ° C, and the second is from +126 ° C to +1000 ° C. The first range uses a DS18B20 digital serial output temperature sensor. The temperature measurement resolution in the first temperature range of -55 °C to +125 °C is 0.0625 °C. The second range uses a K-type thermocouple and a MAX6675 thermocouple signal converter with I2C interface. The discreteness of temperature measurement in the range from +126 C to +1000 C is 2 C. The microprocessor based controller has a very wide temperature control range from -55 to +1000°C, which is well within the temperature range required by the process. In the first area, due to high accuracy digital temperature sensor DS18B20, the resolution is very good ±0.0625 °C, which enables the use of the controller in climate control systems.
Exploring the use of unmanned aerial vehicles for automated oil spill identification
Authors: Sokolov Sergey , Egorova Kristina , Knysh Tatiana
Published: January 2023

The potential use of unmanned aerial vehicles for the identification of oil spills poses a number of critical challenges related to the selection and justification of the hardware and software to be used. The purpose of this article is to analyse the technical solutions and characteristics required to enable the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in oil spill identification tasks. The author provides a comprehensive study of the issue presented, including a description of the necessary technical equipment and requirements in relation to the composition of the unmanned aerial vehicle.
The problem of mechanical loads on pavement of roads in the cryolithic zone
Authors: Pankov Vladimir
Published: January 2023

By a process of field studies of roads in the cryolithic zone the main types of defects and destructions of asphalt concrete pavements related to mechanical load from vehicle wheels were identified. The dominant types of deformations that form in warm and cold seasons of the year, as well as factors causing them, were determined. It was found that, regardless of the temperature in any arbitrary transverse road profile, the load on the traffic rut from the car wheel has an impulse character. The frequency of the impulse action depends on the speed of the vehicle, the number of axles and the distance between the axles. The amplitude of impulses depends on the weight of the vehicle and the evenness of the pavement.The unsuitability of regulatory documentation on load calculation for practical application was proved.
Propagation of a cold wave in the snow during the preparation of ski slopes by salting
Authors: Frolov Denis , Rzhanitsyn German , Sokratov Sergey , Cherkasova Vasilisa , Koshurnikov Andrey , Gagarin Vladimir
Published: January 2023

The paper presents a method of hydrological and hydrophysical studies to observe the propagation of a cold wave in the snow during the preparation of ski slopes by salting. Salting is used in the preparation of ski slopes for competitions, especially when the average daily air temperature is approaching positive levels, and during the day there is a melting of snow cover, for a short-term decrease in the temperature of the snow column and its partial freezing. The experiments were carried out in the summer of 2021 and 2022 on the Dzhanquat and Garabashi glaciers of the Caucasus. The experiments used thermal sensors and a temperature logger manufactured by LLC "MSU-Geophysics". The temperature sensors were located on a rod stuck in the snow with an interval of 5 cm. The temperature was measured every minute. With a single salting, a cold wave was observed for about 4-5 hours and with freezing of the lower strata with a decrease in the temperature of the underlying snow layers to -3--5 °C.The analysis of the observational data showed the propagation of the cold wave deep into 50-60 cm. The research method will allow us to investigate the peculiarities of the propagation of the cold wave during salting and optimize the salting process for the most effective preparation of ski slopes for competitions.
Simulation of microplastic particles propagation in the coastal zone of the reservoir due to wave motion
Authors: Sukhinov Alexander , Protsenko Elena , Protsenko Sof’ya , Sidoryakina Valentina
Published: January 2023

The transport of suspended microplastic particles in an aqueous medium is closely related to hydrodynamic circulation. The transfer of microplastics to and from the surf zone is largely determined by the properties of the particles, which may differ significantly in terms of chemical and physical characteristics, size, shape, degradation stage and color. Microplastic particle capture and transfer models are largely determined by phenomena such as sea storms and prevailing currents. There are several mechanisms of horizontal and vertical movement of suspended microplastic particles associated with their concentration. Depending on the prevailing wave climate and the coastal currents caused by the destruction of waves and caused by waves, precipitation is captured, transported and redistributed along and across the coastline, which often leads to erosion or seasonal bathymetric changes. In the article, a model describing the change in the concentration of suspended microplastic particles is considered, discretization is carried out, and the results of numerical experiments in two-dimensional and three-dimensional cases are obtained. The deposition and erosion of microplastics with an average grain size of 0.3 mm were compared. Data demonstrating the amount of erosion and deposition in two-dimensional and three-dimensional cases were obtained. The results of both the analytical model and numerical simulation demonstrate that waves can affect the distribution of floating particles near a free surface. The results of numerical simulation are largely consistent with the theory.
Research and application of neural network approaches to solving image recognition problems
Authors: Bolsunovskaya Marina , Kuzmichev Egor , Shirokova Svetlana , Almataev Tojiboy
Published: January 2023

The paper investigates neural network approaches to solving number recognition problems and develops an algorithm for creating authentic datasets. In the course of the work, research and development of an algorithm for creating authentic datasets for solving the problem of number recognition is carried out. When solving image recognition problems, it is advisable to use neural network technologies, but often there is a problem of lack of data to form a full-fledged training sample during recognition. An algorithm has been developed to create a set of artificial data appropriate for use in training neural networks. The recognition of number plates and wagon numbers is assumed to be the scope of application. An algorithm that forms a set of synthetic images marked up for training has been created. The result of the algorithm application is a dataset appropriate for supplementing the training sample when training neural networks in the field of recognition of number plates and wagon numbers.
The technology of augmented reality as a motivational factor for EFL future soil scientists in learning foreign language terminology of chemical elements
Authors: Semenova Galina , Isaeva Anastasia , Nesterova Yana , Gudkova Olga
Published: January 2023

Currently augmented reality technology, as one of innovative tools, is rapidly penetrating the process of mastering a foreign language, helping to diversify and optimize the learning process for a new generation of students. The use of augmented reality technology in the foreign language educational process helps to increase motivation of students to study a foreign language at a university. The purpose of the study is to examine and analyze the impact of augmented reality technology on future soil specialists’ motivation in the process of learning English as a foreign language. To achieve the goal of the study, a comprehensive research methodology was chosen: theoretical analysis of scientific, pedagogical and methodological literature on the topic of research, pedagogical observation, survey, interview, analysis of the research results. Along with traditional methods, the elements of augmented reality were introduced in the process of teaching a foreign language to first-year students of non-linguistic specialties in order to identify the effectiveness of the influence of the technology on students’ motivation in learning English as a foreign language. The authors conclude that the technology of augmented reality has a didactic potential in the study of a foreign language in general and in the study of foreign language terminology of chemical elements in particular.
Attendance at, and experiences of, urban hospital outpatient appointments: informing a new model of care for urban-dwelling Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander patients
Authors: Wynter Karen , Mullan Leanne , Druce Tanya , Freeman Gilbert , Maguire Graeme , Davidson Lauren , Karunajeewa Harin , Crowe Shane , Rasmussen Bodil
Published: January 2023

Objectives To compare outpatient attendance rates for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (‘Aboriginal’) and non-Aboriginal patients at a large metropolitan health service in Melbourne, Australia, and to describe the barriers and enablers experienced by urban-dwelling Aboriginal patients in attending hospital outpatient appointments. Methods This study used a mixed-method approach. Proportions of referred patients who booked and attended outpatient appointments were extracted from a health service database. Aboriginal versus non-Aboriginal cohorts were compared using chi-squared tests. Eleven patients, one parent of a patient and two community nurses were interviewed by telephone to investigate perceived barriers and enablers to attending outpatient appointments among Aboriginal patients. Results Outpatient referrals were greater among Aboriginal than non-Aboriginal people; however, referrals were significantly less likely to result in an outpatient clinic booking and attendance for Aboriginal compared to non-Aboriginal people. Interview participants reported several barriers to attending appointments, related to logistical, quality of care and cultural factors. Suggested facilitators to make appointment attendance easier included: provision of transport support, improving clinic scheduling, utilising a variety of appointment reminder formats, providing food in waiting rooms, flexible appointment timing options, outreach services, access to Aboriginal support workers, improving communication and relationships with Aboriginal people, cultural awareness training for staff and the provision of culturally appropriate spaces. Conclusion Some barriers faced by Aboriginal patients in attending hospital outpatient appointments in urban areas can be addressed through implementation of enablers suggested by participants. Data have informed the development of a tailored, inclusive, culturally and consumer-focused appropriate hospital outpatient service model of care.
Cytosolic and mitochondrial ribosomal proteins mediate the locust phase transition via divergence of translational profiles
Authors: Li Jing , Wei Liya , Wang Yongsheng , Zhang Haikang , Yang Pengcheng , Zhao Zhangwu , Kang Le
Published: January 2023

The phase transition from solitary to gregarious locusts is crucial in outbreaks of locust plague, which threaten agricultural yield and food security. Research on the regulatory mechanisms of phase transition in locusts has focused primarily on the transcriptional or posttranslational level. However, the translational regulation of phase transition is unexplored. Here, we show a phase-dependent pattern at the translation level, which exhibits different polysome profiles between gregarious and solitary locusts. The gregarious locusts exhibit significant increases in 60S and polyribosomes, while solitary locusts possess higher peaks of the monoribosome and a specific “halfmer.” The polysome profiles, a molecular phenotype, respond to changes in population density. In gregarious locusts, ten genes involved in the cytosolic ribosome pathway exhibited increased translational efficiency (TE). In solitary locusts, five genes from the mitochondrial ribosome pathway displayed increased TE. The high expression of large ribosomal protein 7 at the translational level promotes accumulation of the free 60S ribosomal subunit in gregarious locusts, while solitary locusts employ mitochondrial small ribosomal protein 18c to induce the assembly of mitochondrial ribosomes, causing divergence of the translational profiles and behavioral transition. This study reveals the translational regulatory mechanism of locust phase transition, in which the locusts employ divergent ribosome pathways to cope with changes in population density.
On learner characteristics and why we should model them as latent variables
Authors: Larsson Tove , Plonsky Luke , Hancock Gregory R.
Published: January 2023

Learner corpus research has a strong tradition of collecting metadata. However, while we tend to collect rich descriptive information about learners on directly measurable variables such as age, year of study, and time spent abroad, we frequently do not know much about learner characteristics that cannot be measured directly (and that thus need to be measured through questionnaires and tests) such as language aptitude, working memory, and motivation, which have been identified as important variables in neighboring fields such as Second Language Acquisition. In this position piece, we (i) join the proponents of increased focus on learner characteristics in LCR in arguing in favor of collecting information about such variables and (ii) introduce an analytical framework that can be used to model these variables. Specifically, the primary focus of this paper is to discuss the concept of latent variables as it relates to LCR and show how their standard form can be used to model learner characteristics within the structural equation modeling analytical framework.
Final report on the CCM key comparison of kilogram realizations CCM.M-K8.2021
Authors: Stock M , Conceição P , Fang H , Bielsa F , Kiss A , Nielsen L , Beaudoux F , Espel P , Thomas M , Ziane D , Baumann H , Eichenberger A , Marti K , Bai Y , Hu M , Li Z , Lu Y , Peng C , Wang J , Wang Y , Wu D , Abbott P , Haddad D , Kubarych Z , Mulhern E , Schlamminger S , Newell D , Fujita K , Inaba H , Kano K , Kuramoto N , Mizushima S , Okubo S , Ota Y , Zhang L , Davidson S , Green R G , Liard J O , Murnaghan N F , Wood B M , Borys M , Eppers D , Knopf D , Kuhn E , Hämpke M , Müller M , Nicolaus A , Scholz F , Spoors M , Ahmedov H
Published: January 2023

Main text

This report describes the second CCM key comparison of realizations of the kilogram definition based on the fixed numerical value of the Planck constant, which came into force on 20 May 2019. The objectives were to determine the level of agreement between realizations of the kilogram using Kibble and joule balances and the x-ray crystal density (XRCD) method and to provide input for the calculation of the second "consensus value" of the kilogram. The consensus value serves as the basis for an internationally coordinated dissemination of the kilogram and is updated after each new key comparison. Its use will continue until satisfactory agreement between realization experiments has been achieved. Another objective was the determination of the reproducibility of the realization experiments by comparing the new results with those of the first key comparison of kilogram realizations, CCM.M-K8.2019.

The comparison was organized by the BIPM and had nine participants. The BIPM, LNE, METAS, NIST, NRC and UME operated Kibble balances, the NIM used a joule balance and the NMIJ and the PTB participated using 28Si spheres, the masses of which were determined with the XRCD method. These realization methods were used to calibrate 1 kg mass standards under vacuum or in air. The standards were sent to the BIPM where they were compared with each other and with BIPM Pt-Ir working standards. The latter were calibrated traceable to the International Prototype of the Kilogram (IPK), the mass of which served as the definition of the kilogram until 20 May 2019.

The results of the weighings at the BIPM together with the measurement results communicated by the participants allowed comparison of the values attributed to 1 kg mass standards using the realization experiments of the participants. The level of agreement between mass determinations with the realization experiments and the BIPM as-maintained mass unit, traceable to the Planck constant through the mass of the International Prototype of the Kilogram, could also be deduced.

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Solar power from schools and homes
Authors: Thompson Frank
Published: January 2023

Solar installations are becoming commonplace in the UK as our nation forges a path towards Zero Carbon. A brief description is given of installations at two schools in Irlam, Manchester, UK, and a more detailed discussion is given of a domestic photovoltaic array on the author’s home. This domestic array, specified with a peak capacity of 4 kW, was purchased in 2011 and erected on a south—facing roof in the suburbs of Manchester, UK. The Irlam installations were more recent (2017). In bright sunlight the domestic array has consistently generated an output of 3.6 kW peak and this power is exported to the National Grid. The Irlam arrays have maintained 28.6 kW and 29.6 kW, peak, over the past five years. Similar installations exist in many schools and homes around the country so providing a significant carbon saving to the nation.
Stein-Weiss inequality in 𝐿¹ norm for vector fields
Authors: De Nápoli Pablo , Picon Tiago
Published: January 2023

In this work, we investigate the limit case

p
=
1

p=1

of the classical Stein-Weiss inequality for the Riesz potential. Our main result is a characterization of this inequality for a special class of vector fields associated to cocanceling operators introduced by Van Schaftingen [J. Eur. Math. Soc. (JEMS) 15 (2013), pp. 877–921]. As application, we recover and improve some fractional inequalities associated to vector fields.
50 Studies Every Vascular Surgeon Should Know
Authors: Al Shakarchi Julien
Published: January 2023

50 Studies Every Vascular Surgeon Should Know presents key studies that have shaped the practice of Vascular Surgery. Selected using a rigorous methodology, the studies cover topics including secondary prevention in peripheral artery disease, carotid artery disease, thoracic outlet syndrome, thoracic and abdominal aortic disease, renal and mesenteric artery disease, vascular access, peripheral artery disease, trauma and venous disease. For each study, a concise summary is presented with an emphasis on the results and limitations of the study, and its implications for practice. An illustrative clinical case concludes each review, followed by brief information on other relevant studies. This book is a must-read for healthcare professionals in vascular surgery, as well as anyone who wants to learn more about the data behind clinical practice.
Gaudium et Spes
Authors: Sander Hans-Joachim
Published: January 2023

This chapter outlines the shift which took place during the Second Vatican Council regarding the relationship between the Catholic Church and the world. Prior to the council, the predominant stance of the Church was that of a binary of Church–world relationship in which the Church stood in opposition to secular states and was reluctant to engage with the world due to an attitude of ecclesial superiority. In the years leading up to Vatican II, this attitude was seen as untenable, leading the council to propose a new triadic model of Church–world–people in which the Church’s pastoral role was given greater emphasis. This triad culminated in a second constitution on the Church, the Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern World (Gaudium et Spes).
Vatican II’s Theology of Revelation
Authors: O'Collins Gerald
Published: January 2023

The centrepiece of Vatican II’s teaching on revelation, the Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation (Dei Verbum), presents revelation as primarily the self-communication of God (which calls forth the personal response of faith) and secondarily the disclosure of hitherto unknown divine truths (or propositional revelation). It understands revelation to be inseparably salvific and sacramental (coming through words and deeds). God’s revelation reached an unsurpassable climax in the past (with Jesus Christ). It happens today: among the present means of revelation, Vatican II names the liturgy, the Scriptures, tradition, missionary activity, the saints, and the signs of the times. Revelation will reach its definitive communication with the Second Coming of Christ. Other documents of Vatican II fill out significant aspects of revelation: its mediation through the prophetic role of all the baptized; its correlation with the human condition and its disclosure of human nature and destiny; and its reaching, through the Holy Spirit and the universal presence of the risen Christ, all human beings.
Church Governance and Forms of Christian Vocation
Authors: Schmiedl Joachim
Published: January 2023

The Second Vatican Council approved three decrees dealing with the Church’s leadership. Among them was a Decree on the Apostolate of the Laity, an issue never before treated by a council. The doctrine of the Church was the subject of the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church, Lumen Gentium. The practical implications of its doctrine are developed in the related decrees on the Pastoral Office of Bishops, the Ministry and Life of Priests, the Renewal of Religious Life, and the Apostolate of the Laity. Central themes in these documents include the bishop’s role in relation to papal primacy and in the leadership of a diocese, relations with his collaborators, and the urgent question of co-responsibility and co-determination, exemplified by lay associations, priests’ organizations, bishops’ conferences, and synods.
Religious Liberty at Vatican II
Authors: Scatena Silvia
Published: January 2023

This chapter examines the complex gestation of Dignitatis Humanae and the crucial conciliar debates on the right to religious freedom, a new and controversial topic whose inclusion in the agenda of Vatican II was suggested by the World Council of Churches. This chapter traces the phases of debate from the preparatory work of the Secretariat for Promoting Christian Unity to the final promulgation of the document in the last public session of 7 December 1965. The debates over Dignitatis Humanae were marked by the difficulty of finding a compromise between ecumenical considerations and Church–State relations, civil liberties, and intersubjective rights. Dignitatis Humanae marked a decisive paradigm shift: with the acceptance of religious freedom, the Catholic Church brought into focus the principle that all religions have the same right to public expression in a democracy. The chapter concludes with a brief look at the profound differences in the cultural, theological, and socio-political backgrounds of the council fathers, which factored heavily in the conciliar debates on Dignitatis Humanae as well as in its reception.
Vatican II’s Missiology
Authors: Bevans Stephen
Published: January 2023

After laying out the missiology that pervades Vatican Council II, this chapter traces the developments in that missiology’s reception in the years since, employing Robert J. Schreiter’s scheme of a move from a time of certainty of missionary thinking and practice, to one of ferment, crisis, and rebirth and renewal. It then outlines the shape of an ecclesiology that would take Vatican II’s ‘missiological hermeneutic’ seriously in terms of a renewed doctrine of the Trinity, a Church that would understand itself as a ‘community of missionary disciples’, a structure that would serve mission, and a commitment to inculturation, dialogue, social justice, and identification with the world’s poor. Vatican II’s underlying theology of mission provides a strong foundation for the contemporary call for a thoroughly missionary Church.
Ecumenism
Authors: Clifford Catherine E.
Published: January 2023

The restoration of unity among Christians is ‘a principal concern’ of Vatican II, closely linked to the council’s reforming purpose, as it relates to the very nature and mission of Christ’s Church. This chapter explores how an overarching ecumenical concern shapes the conciliar event and contributes to an ecclesiology of communion. The council marks a turn towards the humble awareness of the need for Catholic renewal and a more generous recognition of other Christian communions. Building on the recognition of the real, if imperfect, communion that unites the Catholic Church with other Christian communions, the Decree on Ecumenism, Unitatis Redintegratio, establishes the principles that guide the practice of dialogue, common prayer, and common witness.
Interreligious Dialogue at Vatican II
Authors: Borelli John
Published: January 2023

This chapter considers the origin and development of the Second Vatican Council’s Declaration on the Relation of the Church to Non-Christian Religions (Nostra Aetate), with particular attention given to its understanding of the theological bases for interreligious dialogue and the important contribution of dialogue and collaboration to the causes of peace, social justice, and the rightful ordering of the human community. Starting from a consideration of the question of the Jews by a subcommission of the Secretariat for Promoting Christian Unity, it seeks to show how the declaration builds upon the principles developed in the context of ecumenical (interchurch) dialogue and then influences the council’s reframing of the mission of the Church in the world in other conciliar and post-conciliar texts, including the Decree on the Mission Activity of the Church (Ad Gentes), the Declaration on Religious Freedom (Dignitate Humanae), and the Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern World (Gaudium et Spes).
The Reception of the Second Vatican Council by Traditionalist Catholics
Authors: Roy-Lysencourt Philippe
Published: January 2023

The reception of the Second Vatican Council by traditionalist Catholics is a complex phenomenon. First, the traditionalist world is a universe unto itself, consisting of networks of many individuals and movements. Added to this is the passage of time and varying situations, which has led to an ever-changing interpretation of the council by traditionalists. This chapter will examine the reception of Vatican II by traditionalists over three different eras. The first runs from 8 December 1965 to 30 November 1969; that is, from the closing of the council to the entry into force of the prescriptions of the Apostolic Constitution Missale Romanum (3 April 1969). From this date, the reception of Vatican II by opponents of the council entered a new, second phase. That continued until the year 2000, when the Society of St Pius X organized a pilgrimage to Rome, which gave rise to doctrinal discussions between the society and the Holy See. These discussions opened a new period in the reception of Vatican II by traditionalists, which continues to the present day.
The Papacy and Vatican II
Authors: Riccardi Andrea
Published: January 2023

The papacy and the Second Vatican Council are closely connected: first, because the initiative for the convocation of the council came from the pope himself, John XXIII, and second, because both John XXIII and Paul VI guided the development of the council to its conclusion. The close connection of Vatican II with the papacy did not end with the close of the council. It continued in a very intense way with the reception of the message of Vatican II in the pontificates of Paul VI and John Paul II and has continued in the pontificates of Benedict XVI and Francis. The council profoundly changed the very modalities of the exercise of the papacy and required a reform of the structures of its government, especially those of the Roman Curia in relation to the local churches throughout the world.
Women and the Council
Authors: Heyder Regina
Published: January 2023

At the start of the Second Vatican Council, women were mere onlookers, yet by the third and fourth sessions of the council in 1964 and 1965, twenty-three female auditors were attending the general congregations. This chapter traces these developments along with how women contributed significantly to the formulation of various texts and how they shaped the work of the council through networking. In addition to being auditors, women were involved in the council’s work as experts, journalists, unofficial collaborators or advisers, and hosts. This chapter also examines the role played by the Women’s Ecumenical Meeting of 22–29 October 1965 and its importance in formulating a modern understanding of the role of women in the Church.
Nostra Aetate
Authors: Fitzgerald Michael
Published: January 2023

This chapter examines the implementation of the Declaration Nostra Aetate, in particular through the work of the Secretariat for Non-Christians/Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue (PCID), now the Dicastery for Interreligious Dialogue. Special attention is given to the documents produced by this dicastery: Dialogue and Mission (1984), Dialogue and Proclamation (1991), and Dialogue in Truth and Charity (2014). Mention is also made of an unpublished document on the spirituality of dialogue. The role of members of religious congregations is highlighted. The ecumenical dimension of the implementation of Nostra Aetate is evoked by recalling the cooperation of the PCID with the corresponding office in the World Council of Churches.
The Reception of Vatican II by Lutheran Churches
Authors: Rusch William G.
Published: January 2023

This chapter describes how Lutheran churches globally responded to the Second Vatican Council. Understandably, Lutheran churches have in a formal action neither received nor rejected this council. Yet there is ample evidence of an ‘informal Lutheran reception’ of the Second Vatican Council in a number of settings. This acceptance can be noted in, first, the Lutheran acceptance of the Catholic invitation to have observers present at the council; second, the establishment of the Institute for Ecumenical Research in Strasbourg, France; and third, the Lutheran–Roman Catholic agreement to conduct an ongoing international dialogue. Both the Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification of 1999 and the document From Conflict to Communion of 2017 can be traced to the work of this dialogue. The process of Lutheran reception of the council is not something static but ongoing, with the expectation of continuing positive results in the future.
Catholic–Jewish Relations in Light of Vatican II’s Nostra Aetate
Authors: Pawlikowski John
Published: January 2023

A document on Christian–Jewish relations was not on the initial agenda for Vatican II. But as a result of a personal meeting between Pope John XXIII and the French Jewish historian Jules Isaac, Cardinal Augustin Bea was mandated by the pope to prepare a draft statement. This text was introduced in the council’s second session. The discussion during the council took many turns. Some preferred its inclusion in the major theological document on the Church, Lumen Gentium. In the end, a separate document was overwhelmingly approved in the final session of the council, expanding the statement to include other non-Christian religions. Chapter 4 of this document, titled Nostra Aetate, grounded its argument in Romans 9–11. It argued that Jews were not collectively responsible for the death of Jesus, that they were not expelled from the covenant, and that Jesus drew positively from parts of the Jewish tradition of his day in his preaching and ministry. Subsequently, official church documents built upon these points, and Catholic theologians have offered new perspectives on the Church’s relationship with the Jewish people.
The Impact, Reception, and Implementation of Vatican II in Africa
Authors: Orobator Agbonkhianmeghe E.
Published: January 2023

This chapter examines critical factors that determined the impact, reception, and implementation of Vatican II in Africa. Drawing on historical accounts, it identifies and analyses personalities, contexts, and issues that conditioned and shaped Africa’s participation in the council. Looking back fifty years, it is argued that while the continent’s participation was negligible, shaped by a combination of events and attitudes that either facilitated or hampered reception, concrete examples abound of how the council generated impetus for growth, renewal, and reform in inculturation, interreligious dialogue, theological reflection, and ecclesial collaboration in Africa in the years following the council.
Historical Context of Vatican II
Authors: Faggioli Massimo
Published: January 2023

The connection between church history and secular history is not unique to the 1900s, but it is particularly important in order to understand the nature of the Second Vatican Council. This chapter situates the council in the political and social history of the twentieth century. The social and political situation after the world wars and post-colonial global Catholicism cannot be separated from the preparation, celebration, and early reception of Vatican II. This chapter opens with a look at the early twentieth century and the period between the two world wars, with an emphasis on the confrontation between Catholicism and the political ideologies of the 1920s and 1930s. A second section talks about the effects of the Second World War on post-war attitudes of Catholics towards social and political issues. A third section addresses the relationship between Catholicism and the Cold War and decolonization until the eve of the council. A final section looks at the globalization of Catholicism from the beginning of the post-colonial world that is contemporary with the celebration of Vatican II.