bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Exogenous and Endogenous Factors During Pregnancy on The Fetal Brain
Authors: I Bon Elizaveta
Published: February 2025

Unfavorable effects of stress, infections, bad habits, and some medications can lead to disruption of the nervous system in the child later in life. Some maternal hormones (e.g., glucocorticoids) and immune system cells that can penetrate the placental membrane can also damage the fetal brain. The basic stage of human brain development begins before birth, and largely determines a person's ability to learn and develop throughout life. Areas associated with higher cognitive functions play an important role in human mental health. The effects of damaging factors (including drugs) during the active growth and development of the fetal brain are not fully understood because of ethical issues and difficulties in detecting pathological abnormalities at the cellular and molecular levels. The impact of cytokines on fetal brain development is the most studied. The cytokine response of pregnant women to infection has a direct damaging effect on fetal brain development at all stages of pregnancy. Proceeding from the fact that ischemic lesions occur more often in people suffering from atherosclerosis and hypertension, it is important to study the influence of endothelial dysfunction on the nature of brain damage during cerebral ischemia, as well as to develop corrective measures. For this purpose, it is important to assess the character of morphofunctional changes, which will be further used as a comparison group when studying these changes under the influence of endothelial dysfunction.
Permasalahan Hukum Dalam Perjanjian Sewa Beli Kapal Tanker Dengan Tanpa Awak Kapal (Bare Boat Hire Purchase)
Authors: Noviriska
Published: February 2025

The lease and purchase agreement is a practice that has been recognized as valid according to jurisprudence. in the UK the lease is regulated by the Hire Purchase Act 1965 and the form of the agreement adopts an open system. The background of the lease-purchase in the issue of tanker ownership or bare boat hire purchase is intended to have a vessel with a payment system for vessel purchases in installments, so that the costs incurred are not too heavy when compared to buying tankers with a cash payment system. The lease purchase agreement is a creation of practice (custom) that has been legally recognized according to jurisprudence. According to the Decree of the Minister of Trade and Industry No. 34/KP/II/80 concerning Licensing of Lease and Purchase Business Activities, buying and selling with installments and rent is regulated in Article 1 paragraph 2. In this tanker ship charter, the provisions for loss insurance have been stipulated for compensate for any losses that may arise. But how does this happen if the ship sinks while the installments that have been paid part of the payment have come in, is there any compensation? but between theory and practice are incompatible because there are considerations about this.
Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Konsumen Terkait Selisih Pembayaran Harga Di Perusahaan Retail
Authors: Jeane Neltje Saly  , Sapto Handoyo Djarkasih Putro
Published: February 2025

Tujuan penulisan ini adalah memberikan informasi kepada masyarakat mengenai perlindungan hukum terhadap  konsumen pada saat terjadi selisih pembayaran harga di perusahaan retail. Dalam praktiknya, pelaku usaha adakalanya melakukan perbuatan yang merugikan konsumen. Misalnya; pelaku usaha menjual produknya secara tidak jujur, menjual barang yang cacat, pengalihan bentuk uang kembalian konsumen dalam bentuk permen, program donasi secara sepihak dengan alasan tidak ada uang pecahan kecil atau membulatkan uang kembalian. Disinilah awal terjadinya pelanggaran terhadap hak konsumen berupa selisih harga pembayaran belanja. Padahal hak dan kewajiban konsumen telah secara tegas diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen (UUPK). Metode analisis dilakukan secara kualitatif terhadap bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder. Upaya perlindungan hukum terhadap konsumen yang mengalami kerugian akibat kurangnya uang kembalian pada saat melakukan transaksi di minimarket, telah diatur dalam Pasal 4 UUPK. Pihak pelaku usaha (minimarket) dianggap tidak melaksanakan kewajibannya seperti diatur dalam Pasal 7 huruf a dan c, sehingga pihak perusahaan retail (pelaku usaha) harus membayarkan ganti kerugian sesuai Pasal 19 ayat (1) UUPK.
Legal Consequences For Investors In A Public Limited Liability Company That Applies Multiple Voting Sharing System
Authors: Larasati Anyufa  , Lastuti Abubakar  , Pupung Faisal
Published: February 2025

The Indonesian capital market has undergone changes, especially related to legal reforms that can be seen in terms of quantity including legal certainty and protection for investors. These changes are accompanied by the application of the new economy encouraged by the Government of Indonesia, especially for the development of digital technology because technology companies and start-ups have the opportunity to invest or do business in Indonesia. One form of encouragement for Indonesia's new economy is the issuance of Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 22 / POJK.04 / 2021 concerning the Application of Share Classification with Multiple Voting Rights by Issuers with Innovation and High Growth Rates Conducting Public Offerings of Equity Securities. The application of dual class shares in the multiple voting shares system is expected to provide protection for the company's vision and mission so that it can develop properly. The research method used is normative juridical by collecting secondary data related to research problems.
Maslahah Mursalah sebagai Salah Satu Metode Istinbath
Authors: Prahasti Suyaman
Published: February 2025

The development of human life always produces new things, for Muslims these new things require legal clarity. Many of the legal needs of Muslims are not listed directly in the main sources of law, namely the Quran and hadith, so ijtihad is required to complete them. There are several ijtihad methods that can be used and known by the majority of scholars and one of them is maslahah mursalah. This article will discuss the legal basis of maslahah, various types of maslahah, the views of scholars who are pros and cons to maslahah mursalah, and the hujjah of maslahah mursalah. Maslahah mursalah as a method of law-making is widely used to produce legal products related to human benefits
Systematic Literature Review (SLR): The Tradition of Dowry in Marriage in Southeast Asia
Authors: Musyaffa Amin Ash Shabah
Published: February 2025

This research aims to explore literature that examines the tradition of wedding dowries in Southeast Asia. The method used in this research is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Data sampling used Harzing's Publish or Perish and Watase UAKE applications starting from 2013-2023. The selected articles have passed several specified criteria, resulting in a total of 46 articles. The results of this research show that the country that discusses the topic of marriage dowry significantly in Southeast Asia is Indonesia, with a percentage of 70%, followed by Malaysia at 17%, Thailand at 7%, Vietnam at 4%, and the Philippines at 2%. In terms of research themes around wedding dowries, the topic of wedding dowry traditions is the highest topic category in research in Southeast Asia, with a total of 28 studies and a percentage of 60.87%. Likewise, the contextual approach, with a percentage of 21.74% and Fiqh Theory and Islamic Family Law, with a percentage of 10.87%, are the highest categories of research approaches and analytical theories in research on marriage dowries in Southeast Asia.
МІСТОБУДІВНА ОЦІНКА СПОРУД РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ДОЩОВОГО СТОКУ В УМОВАХ МІСЬКОЇ ЗАБУДОВИ
Authors: Ткачук О. А. , Ярута Я. В.
Published: February 2025

Проаналізовано основні причин затоплень і підтоплень міських територій, аспекти розвитку поверхневого водовідведення у містах України. Наведено містобудівні фактори вибору споруди регулювання дощового стоку. Визначено критерії містобудівної оцінки. Показано шляхи вирішення проблем підвищення ефективності систем поверхневого водовідведення. Наведено основні ознаки, за якими визначаються споруди регулювання дощового стоку на міській території.
ПІДЗЕМНА УРБАНІСТИКАСУЧАСНИХ МІСТ В РОЗРІЗІ БУДІВНИЦТВА ПІДЗЕМНИХ ТРАНСФОРМАТОРНИХ ПІДСТАНЦІЙ
Authors: Косаківський О.В.
Published: February 2025

Проаналізовано світові тенденції та приклади використання підземного простору при забудові сучасних світових міст. Показано, що підземний простір може бути використаний для потреби сучасного міста, зокрема показано можливість перенесення з поверхні у підземний простір об’єктів для забудови комерційними об’єктами, торгово-побутовими, культурно-освітніми, спортивними, транспортними мережами.
Показані перспективи впровадження підземного будівництва таких об’єктів в Україні. В умовах відмови України від імпорту природного газу і переходу до електроопалення,переважно за рахунок відновлювальних джерел електроенергії (ВДЕ),нових житлових будинків приведе до зменшення кількості викидів парникових газів, збільшиться частина територій міст для озеленення, оскільки рослинність являється вагомим консерватором вуглекислого газу.
Обґрунтовано та вперше запропоновано підземне розміщення трансформаторних підстанцій в Україні, що забезпечить досягнення та вирішення цілої низки проблем сучасного містобудування.
Звичаї та повсякдення українців Східної Галичини й Галицького Поділля в часи «Великої війни» очима німецьких солдатів
Authors: Ковалець Тарас
Published: February 2025

У статті здійснено комплексний аналіз етнографічних та соціально-побутових особливостей життя українського населення Східної Галичини й Галицького Поділля періоду Першої світової війни крізь призму спостережень німецьких солдатів. Ці спостереження представлено в датованому 1929 роком виданні з серії «Пам’ятні сторінки» («Erinnerungsblätter») 40-го королівського саксонського запасного піхотного полку. Особливу цінність його становлять детальні описи побуту, традицій та звичаїв місцевого населення, зафіксовані безпосередніми очевидцями подій.На основі систематизації та критичного аналізу джерельного матеріалу висвітлено широкий масив відомостей про повсякдення тогочасних українців: особливості архітектури та внутрішнього облаштування осель, специфіку ведення сільського господарства, традиційний одяг та інші елементи матеріальної культури, санітарно-гігієнічні умови, а також обрядові практики (зокрема весільні та різдвяні). Окрему увагу присвячено гендерним ролям та соціальним відносинам у тогочасному українському суспільстві на вказаних теренах.Наукова новизна дослідження полягає не тільки у введенні до наукового обігу маловідомого німецькомовного джерела, а й у здійсненні першого україномовного перекладу його фрагмента. Розгляд українських традицій та побуту через призму сприйняття представників іншої культури дозволяє виявити унікальні особливості та характерні риси української культури початку XX ст. Матеріали дослідження мають важливе значення для розвитку історії повсякдення й української етнографії, особливо в контексті вивчення культурних узаємодій та міжетнічних контактів періоду Першої світової війни.
Наукові дослідження сучасних чернівецьких істориків: перспективи інтеграції у шкільну історичну освіту
Authors: Богачик Тамара , Гаврилюк Марина
Published: February 2025

У статті наголошується, що суттєвим доповненням та розширенням змісту навчально-пізнавальної діяльності учнів на уроках громадянської та історичної освітньої галузі закладів загальної середньої освіти є використання регіонального історичного краєзнавства. Обґрунтовано, що переважна більшість наукових розвідок чернівецьких дослідників та науковців можуть слугувати активним практичним матеріалом для доповнення освітнього процесу на уроках історії України. Проаналізовано крізь призму проблемно-тематичного підходу та реалізації наскрізних змістових ліній освітньої програми з історії України доцільність використання науково-краєзнавчих досліджень сучасних науковців краю та необхідність їхньої інтеграції до шкільного курсу громадянської та історичної освітньої галузі. Наведено конкретні приклади щодо ролі матеріалів регіонального історичного краєзнавства у формуванні ключових та предметних компетентностей школярів.
THE CONTEXTUALIZATION OF THE UKRAINIAN EXPERIENCE OF NON-FORMAL EDUCATION IN A BROADER EUROPEAN FRAMEWORK
Authors: PAVLYK NADIIA , ANDRIICHUK NATALIA
Published: February 2025

The authors rely on the idea that the European experience of development and integration of non-formal education in the general education system shows the impact of the prevalence and value of education on the development of various social systems. In particular, human-centeredness as a basic principle of non-formal education is a condition for a fairer distribution of benefits as well as economic and social growth of the country. The connection between non-formal education and social work is presented through the development of the concept of "Learning Community". The idea of the concept is to increase the competitiveness of the local community by increasing educational opportunities and the corresponding status, economic, emotional, etc. growth. The dependence of economic growth of the community and the availability of educational services for the population is determined through the analysis of the data of the Human Development Index (HDI). Examples of the use of non-formal education for the implementation of social influences in European countries are given. The results of the analysis of indicators of the level of employment according to the monitoring report of the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of Ukraine are presented. It is established that the lower the level of human education, the lower the percentage of its economic activity: the whole population 71.8 %; with full higher education 81.9 %; with vocational education  74.6 %; with complete general secondary education  58.6 %; with basic general secondary education  49.9 % with primary general education  9.4 %. The share of young people who do not work, study or acquire professional skills in the total number of people aged 15-24 is 14.5 %; 17.8 % of them are women, 11.3 % are men, 11.6 % are urban residents and 19.4 % are rural residents. Accordingly, the implementation of social policy aimed at economic activation of the population can be carried out through the introduction of non-formal education for people who due to age, family circumstances, health status, area of residence are socially excluded from community life. The potentials of non-formal education in the organization of social work with different categories of clients are formulated. It is proved that the use of non-formal education in social work as a tool of influence allows to provide the process of social support of resource-oriented approach, which relies on the strengths of clients through empowerment and consideration of needs.
PERANAN KEPALA SEKOLAH BERBASIS PARTISIPATIF DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEUNGGULAN KOMPETITIF SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Kamaludin Kamaludin
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi peran kepala sekolah dalam mengimplementasikan kepemimpinan berbasis partisipatif di lingkungan sekolah dasar dan menganalisis strategi partisipatif yang dilakukan oleh kepala sekolah dalam melibatkan guru, siswa, orang tua, dan masyarakat untuk mendukung pengembangan sekolah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi langsung, wawancara mendalam dengan kepala sekolah, guru, dan pengawas sekolah, serta analisis dokumen dengan fokus pembahasan peranan kepala sekolah berbasis partisipatif dalam meningkatkan keunggulan kompetitif sekolah dasar. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa model kepemimpinan berbasis partisipatif oleh kepala sekolah berkontribusi pada peningkatan keunggulan kompetitif sekolah dasar. Keterlibatan stakeholder menciptakan rasa memiliki yang kuat, mendorong inovasi, dan meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran. Selain itu, pengembangan profesional yang terjadi di antara guru melalui kolaborasi dalam bekerja tidak hanya meningkatkan keterampilan guru, tetapi juga berpengaruh positif terhadap pengalaman belajar siswa. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi secara teoretis dalam memperkaya teori kepemimpinan pendidikan dengan menekankan peran partisipasi dalam pengelolaan sekolah dasar serta menghasilkan model teoritis baru yang dapat menjadi rujukan untuk mempelajari hubungan antara kepemimpinan partisipatif dan keunggulan kompetitif sekolah.
DeGeL: A Clinical-Guidelines Library and Automated Guideline-Support Tools
Authors: Hatsek Avner  , Young Ohad  , Shalom Erez  , Shahar Yuval
Published: February 2025

Using machine-interpretable clinical guidelines to support evidencebased medicine promotes the quality of medical care. In this chapter, we present the Digital Electronic Guidelines Library (DeGeL), a comprehensive framework, including a Web-based guideline repository and a suite of tools, to support the use of automated guidelines for medical care, research, and quality assessment. Recently, we have developed a new version (DeGeL.NET) of the digital library and of its different tools. We intend to focus in our exposition on DeGeL's major tools, in particular for guideline specification in a Web-based and standalone fashion (Uruz and Gesher), tools for search and retrieval (Vaidurya and DeGeLookFor) and for runtime application (Spock); and to explain how these tools are combined within the typical lifecycle of a clinical guideline.
Multi-Robot Fence Patrol in Adversarial Domains
Authors: Agmon Noa  , Kraus Sarit  , Kaminka Gal A.
Published: February 2025

This paper considers the problem of multi-robot patrolling along an open polyline, for example a fence, in the presence of an adversary trying to penetrate through the fence. In this case, the robots' task is to maximize the probability of detecting penetrations. Previous work concerning multi-robot patrol in adversarial environments considered closed polygons. That situation is simpler to evaluate due to its symmetric nature. In contrast, if the robots patrol back and forth along a fence, then the frequency of their visits along the line is coherently non-uniform, making it easier to be exploited by an adversary. Moreover, previous work assumed perfect sensorial capabilities of the robots in the sense that if the adversary is in the sensorial range of the robot is will surely be detected. In this paper we address these two challenges. We first suggest a polynomial time algorithm for finding the probability of penetration detection in each point along the fence. We then show that by a small adjustment this algorithm can deal with the more realistic scenario, in which the robots have imperfect sensorial capabilities. Last, we demonstrate how the probability of penetration detection can be used as base for finding optimal patrol algorithms for the robots in both strong and weak adversarial environment.
Computer-Assisted Cobb Angle Measurement on Posteroanterior Radiographs
Authors: Zhang J.  , Lou E.  , Le L.H.  , Hill D.  , Raso J.  , Wang Y.
Published: February 2025

The Cobb angle method is the gold standard to assess severity of scoliosis. A computer-aided method was developed to provide a semi-automatic Cobb angle measurement during a scoliosis clinic. This study was to evaluate the reliability and accuracy of the developed method. Curve types were also tested. The computer method required enhancement of the contrast, normalization of the image size, and selection of the end-vertebrae on the radiographs before the automatic measurement started. The computer-aided process automatically identified the line segments that fitted to the endplates of the end-vertebrae. The Cobb angle was then calculated from the slopes of these lines. Seventy-six radiographs were randomly selected and categorized with Lenke's classification. Among them, 75 cases were used and categorized into 4 types: 1, 3, 5 and 6. One type 2 case was excluded. An orthopedic spine surgeon measured the radiographs manually, serving as the reference standard. Two observers used the developed method and measured twice. For each curve type, the inter-method, inter-observer, and intra-observer variability were analyzed by Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC[2,1]). The ICC values were higher than 0.90 in all these types. The developed method was reliable to measure the Cobb angle and was not dependent on the curve type.
New Method of Scoliosis Deformity Assessment: ISIS2 System
Authors: Zubović A.  , Davies N.  , Berryman F.  , Pynsent P.  , Quraishi N.  , Lavy C.  , Bowden G.  , Wilson-MacDonald J.  , Fairbank J.
Published: February 2025

Scoliosis deformity has been assessed using radiographic angle measurements. Surface topography systems are an alternative and complementary methodology. Working systems include the original ISIS1 system, Quantec and COMOT techniques. Over the last five years the new ISIS2 (Integrated Shape Imaging System) has been developed from basic principles to improve the speed, accuracy, reliability and ease of use of ISIS1. The aim of this study was to confirm that ISIS2 3D back shape measurements are valid for assessment and follow up of patients with scoliosis. Three-dimensional back measurements were performed in Oxford. ISIS2 includes a camera/projector stand, patient stand with a reference plane, and Mac computer. Pixel size is ~0.5 mm with fringe frequency of ~0.16 fringes/mm (~6.5 mm/fringe). Clinical reports in pdf format are of coloured images with numerical values. Reports include a height map, contour plot, transverse section plots, coronal plot, sagittal sections and bilateral asymmetry maps. A total of 520 ISIS2 scans on 242 patients were performed from February 2006 to December 2007. There were 58 male patients (median age 16 years, SD 3.71, min 7, max 25) and 184 female patients (median age 14.5 years, SD 3.23, min 5, max 45). Average number of scans per patient was 2.01 with the range of 1–10 scans. Right sided thoracic curves were the most frequent pattern. The median values and 95% CI are reported of back length; pelvic rotation; flexion/extension; imbalance; lateral asymmetry; skin angle; kyphosis angle; lordosis angle; volumetric asymmetry. ISIS2 scoliosis measurements are non-invasive, low-cost, three-dimensional topographic back measurements which can be confidently used in scoliosis assessment and monitoring of curve progression.
Etiologic theories of idiopathic scoliosis. Somatic nervous systemthe NOTOM escalator concept as one component in the pathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Burwell R.G.  , Dangerfield P.H.  , Freeman B.J.C.
Published: February 2025

There is no generally accepted scientific theory for the causes of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). In recent years encouraging advances thought to be related to the pathogenesis of AIS have been made in several fields. After reviewing concepts of AIS pathogenesis we formulated a collective model of pathogenesis. The central concept of this collective model is a normal neuro-osseous timing of maturation (NOTOM) system operating in a child's internal world during growth and maturation; this provides a dynamic physiological balance of postural equilibrium continuously renewed between two synchronous, polarized processes (NOTOM escalators) linked through sensory input and motor output, namely: 1) osseous escalator-increasing skeletal size and relative segmental mass, and 2) neural escalator – including the CNS body schema. The latter is recalibrated continuously as the body adjusts to biomechanical and kinematic changes resulting from skeletal enlargement, enabling it to coordinate motor actions. We suggest that AIS progression results from abnormality of the neural and/or osseous components of these normal escalators in time and/or space – as asynchrony and/or asymmetries – which cause a failure of neural systems to control asymmetric growth of a rapidly enlarging and moving adolescent spine. This putative initiating asymmetric growth in the spine is explained in separate papers as resulting from dysfunction of the hypothalamus expressed through the sympathetic nervous system (leptin-sympathetic nervous system concept for AIS pathogenesis). In girls, the expression of AIS may result from dysharmony between the somatic and autonomic nervous systems – relative postural maturational delay in the somatic nervous system and hypothalamic dysfunction in the autonomic nervous system, with the conflict being fought out in the spine and trunk of the girl and compounded by biomechanical spinal growth modulation.
Can Future Back Pain in AIS Subjects be Predicted during Adolescence from the Severity of the Deformity?
Authors: Hill D.  , Parent E.  , Lou E.  , Mahood J.
Published: February 2025

Back pain is frequently reported as a symptom of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Prediction of pain in adulthood would be useful to identify subjects requiring follow-up. The aim is to determine adolescent predictors of adult back pain. This study is a retrospective review of 27 females with AIS who attended our pediatric scoliosis clinic and later completed the SRS-22 questionnaire as young adults (range 18–25 years). Subjects with surgery at baseline (age 14–16 years) were excluded. The relationships between largest curve size, decompensation and trunk twist at baseline and pain as measured by the SRS-22 pain domain as young adults were studied. At baseline, subjects had a largest curve of 47±15°, decompensation of 18±14 mm and trunk twist of 14±6°. At follow-up, 5.3±1.9 years later, the total SRS-22 score was 3.9±0.3 and the pain domain score was 3.9±0.7. Pearson correlations between the SRS-22 pain domain and largest curve, decompensation and trunk twist were 0.17, −0.11 and −0.25, respectively (p>0.05). Individual questions within the pain domain had similar correlations. Even though the sample represented a wide range of scoliosis severity at baseline and a wide range of pain scores (2.4 to 5) at follow-up, baseline scoliosis deformity parameters of largest curve size, decompensation and trunk twist did not predict scoliosis-related pain in young adulthood.
Clinical and postural behaviour of scoliosis during daily brace weaning hours
Authors: Negrini S.  , Fusco C.  , Romano M.  , Zaina F.  , Atanasio S.
Published: February 2025

What happens to scoliosis when the brace is daily weaned is not described in the literature, even if this can have a significant clinical impact. Our aim was to evaluate the postural and clinical changes at brace weaning. We developed a pre-post trial in 10 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis female patients 12.6 years old, with 42.8±7.4° Cobb curves. Inclusion criteria: more than 30°Cobb; TLSO worn at least 20 hours/day. Patients have been divided according to the hours of brace wearing per day: group 23H (6 patients, 23 hours per day) and group 20H (20–21 hours per day). We evaluated the patients at brace weaning and every hour per 4 hours, clinically (Bunnell degrees, hump and plumbline distances through usual clinical instruments) and posturally (scoliosis degree), by means of a non-ionising instrument that allow a 3D reconstruction of the spine. Paired ANOVA and t-test were used for statistical analysis. Group 23H showed statistically significant variations in 1 to 3 hours in all clinical parameters, and a tendency to progression of scoliosis. Group 20H did not show any statistically significant variation in 4 hours, a part from slight improvements. These results could be explained in terms of scoliosis reactions to usual/unusual daily load on the spine. Moreover, these data show the possible existence of the “concertina effect” due to brace weaning, and the importance of standardizing clinical examination with respect to the daily brace weaning hours.
Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms: no association with low bone mineral density in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis girls
Authors: Chen Wen-Jun  , Qiu Yong  , Cao Xing-Bing  , Qiu Xu-Sheng  , Chen Zhi-Jun  , Chen Hai-Ou
Published: February 2025

Genetic factor has been proven to be one of the key factors in the etiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), and osteopenia has been well documented in the AIS patients. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism has been found to be associated with low bone mineral density (BMD) in adults. However, the VDR gene polymorphism has not been discussed in AIS patients. Blood samples were obtained from 146 AIS girls and 122 healthy girls. Anthropometric parameters of AIS group including age, body height, weight and Cobb angle were all recorded. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique was used to detect and analyze VDR gene distributions of AIS group and control group. BMD of the lumbar spine (L2-L4) and proximal femur were measured using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry in AIS group. The frequency of Bb genotype was significantly higher in patients than that in controls (P<0.01). The B allele seemed to be overrepresented in patients compared with controls (P<0.01). There was no distinction among the lumbar spine and proximal femur BMD of each genotype in AIS group (P>0.05). VDR gene polymorphisms have no association with the low spine lumbar and proximal femur BMD in AIS girls.
SNPs analysis of CHD7 gene and idiopathic scoliosis (IS) in Chinese
Authors: Tang N.L.  , Yeung H.Y.  , Fan H.  , Kwok R.  , Hung V.W.  , Lee K.M.  , Lam T.P.  , Ng B.W.  , Qiu Y.  , Cheng J.C.
Published: February 2025

CHD7 gene was recently associated with familial form of idiopathic scoliosis (IS). However, the haplotype and alleles showing disease predisposition were also common variants found the population. Therefore, it implies that these high-risk alleles in CHD7 gene may also play a role in the genetic predisposition of sporadic form of IS. 540 Chinese female AIS patients (Cobb's>20) were recruited as cases and 252 healthy Chinese female adolescent as control. The population genetic variation in CHD7 gene was represented in the HapMap data. Four SNPs (rs4237036, rs625979, rs1483207, rs17826359) located to the proximity of peak association found in the original report were examined. Genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP. The 4 SNPs were not significantly associated with AIS. The 2 SNPs (rs4237036 and rs1483207) located in closest proximity to the region between exon 2 and 4 of CHD7 which had shown the strongest association in original report did not reveal any association in this Chinese AIS subjects. There was a high level of linkage disequilibrium within this gene. Among the 13 common haplotypes, many are common to Chinese and Caucasian. Therefore, this tagSNP approach would detect any disease association due to a common haplotype. The absence of association with CHD7 gene indicated that common variants in CHD7 play a minor role in genetic predisposition to sporadic IS, at least in the Chinese population.
Sagittal alignment correction of the thoracolumbar junction in idiopathic scoliosis by in situ bending technique
Authors: Charles Y.P.  , Meyer N.  , Steib J.-P.
Published: February 2025

A long thoracolumbar sagittal rectitude is sometimes present in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. The purpose of this study was to identify typical patterns, by comparing frontal plane deformities and vertebral rotation leading to this rectitude. Surgical thoracolumbar alignment correction by three-dimensional in situ bending of rods was then analyzed. Pre- and postoperative radiographs of 24 patients with scoliosis (36–104 degrees) were reviewed using Spineview software. Frontal curves and levels of sagittal rectitude were determined. Thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, sacral slope, pelvic incidence, pelvic tilt, T9 and T1 tilt were measured. Vertebral rotation was measured by computed tomography, Perdriolle's, Nash and Moe's methods. The intervertebral mobility of the rectitude was analyzed on side bending radiographs. Three patterns leading to sagittal rectitude were identified: 11 main thoracic curves (Lenke 1, King 3) with cranial prolongation of the physiological thoracolumbar junction (T7T12) and maximal vertebral rotation above this zone, 13 double major or thoracolumbar curves (Lenke 3 or 5, King 1 or 2) with cranial and caudal prolongation (T9L3) and maximal rotation above and below, 1 lumbar curve (Lenke 5) with caudal rectitude (T12L4) and maximal rotation at L1. There was no relationship between intervertebral mobility and rectitude. Postoperatively, this zone of rectitude disappeared in 17 out of 24 patients after anterior release followed by posterior instrumentation using the in situ bending technique. In situ bending realizes a stepwise correction of the three-dimensional deformity at different levels. An accurate preoperative analysis is mandatory to achieve an adequate sagittal balance, frontal curve correction and vertebral derotation simultaneously. The determined patterns of thoracolumbar rectitude are helpful to plan surgical correction accurately.
Analysis of the mechanisms of idiopathic scoliosis progression using finite element simulation
Authors: Drevelle X.  , Dubousset J.  , Lafon Y.  , Ebermeyer E.  , Skalli W.
Published: February 2025

The mechanisms of idiopathic scoliosis progression are still not fully understood. The aim of this study is to explore, using finite element simulation, effect of the combination of gravity and anterior spinal overgrowth on scoliosis progression. 14 adolescents (10 girls, 4 boys) with an average age of 10.8 years [range 9; 13] were divided in three groups: thoraco-lumbar scoliosis (TL), lumbar scoliosis (L), asymptomatic patients (A). Accurate 3D reconstructions of the spine have been built using bi-planar X-rays. A patient specific validated finite element model has been used. Simulations have been launched with simulation of the combined effect of gravity and growth. The progression during the simulation was defined by a maximal axial rotation movement greater or equal than 4°and a maximal lateral displacement greater or equal than 5 mm (“first order progression” for one criterion, “second order” for the both criteria). In the group TL, we notice an aggravation for 4 patients (Cobb angle increase at least by 4°, mean at 5.9°). Only three patients of the group L show a progression with a smaller Cobb angle increase (mean 3.9°). For the group A, no progression is found for 3 and a progression is found for 1. An anterior spinal overgrowth combined with gravity and a pre-existent curve in the spine could lead to a progression of scoliosis. It seems necessary to consider differently lumbar curves from other curves. Numerical simulation with a patient specific model appears as a useful tool to investigate mechanisms of scoliosis aggravation.
Advanced Preprocessing for Answer Set Solving
Authors: Gebser Martin  , Kaufmann Benjamin  , Neumann André  , Schaub Torsten
Published: February 2025

We introduce the first substantial approach to preprocessing in the context of answer set solving. The idea is to simplify a logic program while identifying equivalences among its relevant constituents. These equivalences are then used for building a compact representation of the program (in terms of Boolean constraints). We implemented our approach as well as a SAT-based technique to reduce Boolean constraints. This allows us to empirically analyze both preprocessing types and to demonstrate their computational impact.
Modeling Collaborative Similarity with the Signed Resistance Distance Kernel
Authors: Kunegis Jérôme  , Schmidt Stephan  , Albayrak Şahin  , Bauckhage Christian  , Mehlitz Martin
Published: February 2025

We extend the resistance distance kernel to the domain of signed dissimilarity values, and show how it can be applied to collaborative rating prediction. The resistance distance is a graph kernel inspired by electrical network models where edges of a graph are interpreted as electrical resistances. We model the similarity between users of a large collaborative rating database using this signed resistance distance, generalizing the previously known regular resistance distance kernel which is limited to nonnegative values. We show that the signed resistance distance kernel can be computed effectively using the Moore-Penrose pseudoinverse of the Laplacian matrix of the bipartite rating graph, leading to fast computation based on the eigenvalue decomposition of the Laplacian matrix. We apply this technique to collaborative rating prediction on the Netflix Prize corpus, and show how our new kernel can replace the traditional Pearson correlation for rating prediction.
Combining Domain-Independent Planning and HTN Planning: The Duet Planner
Authors: Gerevini Alfonso  , Kuter Ugur  , Nau Dana  , Saetti Alessandro  , Waisbrot Nathaniel
Published: February 2025

Despite the recent advances in planning for classical domains, the question of how to use domain knowledge in planning is yet to be completely and clearly answered. Some of the existing planners use domain-independent search heuristics, and some others depend on intensively-engineered domain-specific knowledge to guide the planning process. In this paper, we describe an approach to combine ideas from both of the above schools of thought. We present Duet, our planning system that incorporates the ability of using hierarchical domain knowledge in the form of Hierarchical Task Networks (HTNs) as in SHOP2 [14] and using domain-independent local search techniques as in LPG [8]. In our experiments, Duet was able to solve much larger problems than LPG could solve, with only minimal domain knowledge encoded in HTNs (much less domain knowledge than SHOP2 needed to solve those problems by itself).
An Attentive Machine Interface Using Geo-Contextual Awareness for Mobile Vision Tasks
Authors: Amlacher Katrin  , Paletta Lucas
Published: February 2025

The presented work settles attention in the architecture of ambient intelligence, in particular, for the application of mobile vision tasks in multimodal interfaces. A major issue for the performance of these services is uncertainty in the visual information which roots in the requirement to index into a huge amount of reference images. We propose a system implementation – the Attentive Machine Interface (AMI) – that enables contextual processing of multi-sensor information in a probabilistic framework, for example to exploit contextual information from geo-services with the purpose to cut down the visual search space into a subset of relevant object hypotheses.
Determining Automatically the Size of Learned Ontologies
Authors: Zavitsanos Elias  , Petridis Sergios  , Paliouras Georgios  , Vouros George A.
Published: February 2025

Determining the size of an ontology that is automatically learned from texts is an open issue. In this paper, we study the similarity between ontology concepts at different levels of a taxonomy, quantifying in a natural manner the quality of the ontology attained. Our approach is integrated in a method for language-neutral learning of ontologies from texts, which relies on conditional independence tests over thematic topics that are discovered using LDA.
Dependency of intentions on i*
Authors: Yamamoto Shuichiro
Published: February 2025

The Strategic Dependency Model (SD model) of i* framework is used to model intentions among actors. However, it is not clear how to validate the equivalence of SD models. In this paper, the dependency matrix of intentions is proposed to formalize equivalence of SD models. We also provide a method to develop SD models from dependency matrices. The proposed method can be used to reduce redundant actors using dependency of intentions.
Mining Local Buffer Data
Authors: Siemiński Andrzej
Published: February 2025

Web mining employs the techniques of data mining to extract information from the Web for a variety of purposes. The usual sources of data are the log files of WWW or proxy servers. The paper examines the possibility of using the local browser buffer for that purpose. The data that could be extracted from both types of logs are compared. It turns out, that despite its limitations the browser buffer is a rich source of unique data about user navigational habits and the properties of the fragment of the WWW that he/she visits. The cache contains the both the full body of a WWW object as well as the header control data sent by the server. Additionally the cache includes some basic information about the usage pattern of each object. Therefore it is possible to study the susceptibility to buffering the objects which is measured by the CF (cacheability factor) and to study the word diversity of Internet texts seen by the user. The CF factor provides an objective measure of the web site caching potential and thus makes it possible to infer about latency of the web site. The word diversity study tests the compliance of the Internet texts with the well known Zipf and Heaps Laws' that are valid for all natural languages. That part study could be used for the optimization indexing engines or the recommendation of pages potentially interesting for the user.
Myth, History and Conservation in Tel Aviv
Authors: Epstein-Pliouchtch Marina  , Fuchs Ron
Published: February 2025

The Modernist Heritage of Tel Aviv; Canonization of the ‘White City’; Myth and Counter-Myth; Conclusion; Notes
Conservation as Project
Authors: Atria Maximiano
Published: February 2025

General Considerations; Conversion of Concepción Station; Notes
The implementation of an Electronic Nursing Record in a general hospital in the Netherlands: Lessons to learn
Authors: Verwey R.  , Claassen R.A.B.  , Rutgers M.J.  , de Witte L.P.
Published: February 2025

This article describes the implementation of an Electronic Nursing Record (ENR) in Maasland Hospital (Orbis Medical and Healthcare group) in Sittard, the Netherlands. Through analysis of documents, structured interviews and participatory observation, a study was made of the plans prior to the introduction of the ENR, how the process proceeded, which enhancing and constraining factors influenced the process and how the nursing staff experienced the introduction of the ENR. The implementation of the system took place in 2006 and 2007. The selection and design of the system was carried out first, followed by a pilot phase. After thorough review and adjustment, the introduction of the ENR in the other wards of the hospital followed according to plan. The implementation process was carried out by several nurses in different roles (project management, project group members, key-users and teachers). The introduction of the system had two objectives: saving time by promoting efficiency and quality improvement by the introduction of standardization in documentation and the use of nursing care plans. The study indicates, however, that no time-efficiency was achieved by using the ENR so far. This had an adverse effect on the acceptance of the system by the nurses. The nurses were positive about the set-up of the implementation process, especially the contribution of the project group, the key-users on the ward and the resources which were made available (the staffing, external expertise and training).
The Use of a Compliant EHR when providing Clinical Pathway driven Care to a subset of Diabetic Patients: Recommendation from a Working Group
Authors: Devlies J.  , De Clercq E.  , Van Casteren V.  , Thienpont G.  , Lafontaine M.F.  , De Moor G.
Published: February 2025

The Belgian National Health Insurance Institute (NHII) and other Healthcare Authorities intend to improve the quality of care through promoting clinical pathway driven care and by optimising cooperation between the responsible primary care physician and the diabetologist. Patients and healthcare professionals are granted some (financial) benefits when meeting the conditions defined in a mutual agreement.
LISA, the next generation: from a web-based application to a fat client
Authors: Pierlet Noëlla  , Aerts Werner  , Vanautgaerden Mark  , Van den Bosch Bart  , De Deurwaerder André  , Schils Erik  , Noppe Thomas
Published: February 2025

The LISA application, developed by the University Hospitals Leuven, permits referring physicians to consult the electronic medical records of their patients over the internet in a highly secure way. We decided to completely change the way we secured the application, discard the existing web application and build a completely new application, based on the in-house developed hospital information system, used in the University Hospitals Leuven. The result is a fat Java client, running on a Windows Terminal Server, secured by a commercial SSL-VPN solution.
From a paper-based to an electronic registry in physiotherapy
Authors: Buyl Ronald  , Nyssen Marc
Published: February 2025

During the past decade the healthcare industry has evolved from paper-based storage of clinical data into the digital era. Electronic healthcare records play a crucial role to meet the growing need for integrated data-storage and data communication. In this context a new law was issued in Belgium on December 7th, 2005, which requires physiotherapists (but also nurses and speech therapists) to keep an electronic version of the registry. This (electronic) registry contains all physiotherapeutic acts, starting from January 1, 2007. Up until that day, a paper version of the registry had to be created every month.
An Electronic Out-of-Hours Health Record
Authors: Thomeer Koen  , Nyssen Marc
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we describe the design, creation and testing of a new Web-Based Electronic Health Record for Out-of-Hours (OOH) use with special emphasis on coding matters. The context is the Belgian health system, in which a patients' health record keeper is a specific GP, to whom the OOH reports, generated by any colleague who meets this patient during week-end or night shifts should converge. The system enables structured and secured acquisition of the records, intermediate storage and transmission to the GP's who keep the respective records.
Ontology-Driven Information Systems: Past, Present and Future
Authors: Uschold Michael
Published: February 2025

We trace the roots of ontology-drive information systems (ODIS) back to early work in artificial intelligence and software engineering. We examine the lofty goals of the Knowledge-Based Software Assistant project from the 80s, and pose some questions. Why didn't it work? What do we have today instead? What is on the horizon? We examine two critical ideas in software engineering: raising the level of abstraction, and the use of formal methods. We examine several other key technologies and show how they paved the way for today's ODIS. We identify two companies with surprising capabilities that are on the bleeding edge of today's ODIS, and are pointing the way to a bright future. In that future, application development will be opened up to the masses, who will require no computer science background. People will create models in visual environments and the models will be the applications, self-documenting and executing as they are being built. Neither humans nor computers will be writing application code. Most functionality will be created by reusing and combining pre-coded functionality. All application software will be ontology-driven.
Software Development for Underground and Overhead Distribution System Design
Authors: Schmidt Hernán Prieto  , Kagan Nelson  , Barbosa Leandro Rodrigues  , Kagan Henrique  , Penin Carlos Alexandre de Sousa  , Antunes Alden Uehara  , Sybine Waldmir  , Arango Tânia Paula Ledesma  , de Oliveira Carlos César Barioni  , Baldan Sílvio  , Martins M.
Published: February 2025

This paper presents new methodologies aimed at improving the design of distribution systems from the electrical, the mechanical and the economics viewpoints. The methodologies have been implemented as software solutions fully integrated with AES ELETROPAULO's GIS system.