bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Magnetically controlled growing rods in the treatment of early-onset scoliosis
Authors: Rushton P. R. P. , Siddique I. , Crawford R. , Birch N. , Gibson M. J. , Hutton M. J.
Published: May 2017

The MAGnetic Expansion Control (MAGEC) system is used increasingly in the management of early-onset scoliosis. Good results have been published, but there have been recent reports identifying implant failures that may be associated with significant metallosis surrounding the implants. This article aims to present the current knowledge regarding the performance of this implant, and the potential implications and strategies that may be employed to identify and limit any problems.

We urge surgeons to apply caution to patient and construct selection; engage in prospective patient registration using a spine registry; ensure close clinical monitoring until growth has ceased; and send all explanted MAGEC rods for independent analysis.

The MAGEC system may be a good instrumentation system for the treatment of early-onset scoliosis. However, it is innovative and like all new technology, especially when deployed in a paediatric population, robust systems to assess long-term outcome are required to ensure that patient safety is maintained.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:708–13.
EPIGRAFIA, TEMPOS E MEMÓRIAS: HOMENAGEM A JOSÉ D'ENCARNAÇÃO
Authors: Lopes Maria da Conceição , Carvalho Pedro C. , Redentor Armando
Published: June 2017

https://doi.org/10.14195/1647-8657_55_2
EM TORNO DA REVISÃO DE CIL II 265
Authors: Ribeiro José Cardim
Published: June 2017

Nos meados do séc. XVIII um lavrador descobriu acidentalmente entre Armês e Lameiras, Sintra – “Zona Oeste” do Município Olisiponense – uma lápide romana com duplo epitáfio gravado em duas colunas paralelas. Deste achado, entretanto novamente perdido, possuímos apenas uma transcrição manuscrita conservada na Biblioteca Nacional de Lisboa (COD. 425 fl. 94), exarada por um anónimo antiquarista que chegou a analisar o monumento in loco. Porém não se apercebeu estar perante uma epígrafe distribuída em duas colunas, copiando pois as letras ao corrido, sem respeitar nem separação de colunas nem, mesmo, de linhas, resultando assim um texto caótico e a priori incompreensível. Hübner (in CIL II 265) tentou reconstituir o original, mas pressupondo que a primeira palavra, que considerou abreviada, era comum aos dois epitáfios, enveredou por um caminho complexo e equívoco que admitia dois antropónimos supostamente paleohispânicos de todo desconhecidos – *Alteciniris (gen.) e *Licassi (gen.) –, bem como o desempenho da augustalidade por escravos. Devido à autoridade do autor de CIL II estas anomalias foram aceites por outros investigadores, alguns de incontestável prestígio, embora também tenham surgido vozes discordantes e mesmo cépticas. Reexaminando o manuscrito setecentista, procurámos nele indícios que nos permitissem, sem preconceitos prévios, elaborar uma renovada restituição da epígrafe original. O resultado conseguido aponta para um texto normal e desprovido de estranhezas ou irregularidades: trata-se tão-só, afinal, dos paralelos epitáfios de dois escravos, Augustinus G(aii) Licini(i) Bassi ser(vus) e Euticus L(ucii) Cassi(i) Alteris ser(vus) – que aliás não apresentam quaisquer cargos mas, apenas, os respectivos elementos onomásticos identificadores. Mais tarde veio a surgir, no mesmo sítio arqueológico, uma nova lápide cujo teor confirma, de algum modo, a nossa anterior reconstituição: trata-se da estela funerária de [-] Licinius Bassus.
Estudo do uso de Carbapenémicos em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Adulta de um Hospital Público do Município de Vitória da Conquista-Bahia
Authors: Santos Emerson Batista , Pereira Karina Matos
Published: May 2017

As organizações hospitalares estão inseridas num ambiente complexo que quando não funcionam de forma adequada gera problemas bastante gravosos. No setor saúde a unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI) é uma unidade muito difícil de ser lidada, já que abarca pacientes graves e casos onde precisa-se do máximo de cuidado possível e relacionado ao uso de medicamentos neste setor, a preocupação é latente pois há o risco de contaminação maior devido ao uso de antibióticos e no caso do uso do carbapenémicos não seria diferente. Assim será analisado neste estudo o uso deste tipo de antibiótico no trato de pacientes em UTI e analisar as nuances acerca do uso destas drogas de maior prescrição. Nota-se que foi analisado diversas nuances acerca do uso deste fármaco e tendo um resultado superior contra enterobactérias. Salienta-se aqui estudos que não consideram este medicamento o mais recomendado em unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI), por causa da resistência da Pseudomonas aeruginosa e da Acinetobacter baumannii, pois estas são bactérias que tem alta taxas de resistência. Como resultados as pesquisa, conforme as culturas feitas viu-se sensíveis aos carbapenémicos  foram 124 (78,48 %) e resistentes aos carbapenémicos  foram 34 (21,52 %), e que o local mais incidência detectado foi a Secreção traqueal com 44,30% sensível e 13,92% resistente, e na urocultura com   12,02% (sensíveis) e 0,63% nas resistentes sendo que os microorganismos mais incidentes foram P. auruginosas, com 13,29% nas sensíveis e 3,79% nas resistentes, Acinetobacter baumani com 5,06% (sensíveis) e 13,92% (resistentes), Klebisiela pneumonie ssp com 14,55% (sensíveis) e a E. coli com  10,75%,  nas sensíveis e não foram encontradas resistentes nestas duas últimas.
A Importância da Realização Precoce do Teste do Pezinho: O Papel do Enfermeiro na Orientação da Triagem Neonatal
Authors: Oliveira Eva Fernandes , Souza Anderson Pereira
Published: May 2017

Popularmente chamado de “teste do pezinho”, a triagem neonatal (TN) é um exame de rastreamento feito nos recém-nascidos (RN). Este é feito através da coleta sanguínea em papel-filtro na região do calcanhar do RN, por ser esta área bastante vascularizada. O período adequado para a coleta não deve ser inferior a 48 horas de amamentação do bebê. Constituindo um período ideal entre o 3º e o 7º dia de vida do RN. O principal objetivo do “teste do pezinho” é buscar identificar precocemente as doenças do metabolismo, antes mesmo que estas patologias comecem a apresentar os primeiros sinais e sintomas, proporcionando assim aos RN’s uma melhor qualidade de vida. As doenças preconizadas pelo Ministério da Saúde (MS) que são rastreadas através do “teste do pezinho” padrão são: fenilcetonúria, Hipotireoidismo congênito, Anemia falciforme (e outras hemoglobinopatias) e a Fibrose cística. Esta pesquisa bibliográfica tem como base metodológica características exploratórias, descritivas, qualitativas e teve como objetivo geral de verificar a importância da realização precoce do teste do pezinho. Os resultados nos mostram o enfermeiro que tem contato direto com a gestante durante o pré-natal deve enfatizar quanto às orientações sobre a importância da realização do “teste do pezinho”, devido sua grande importância.
Linking Social Values of Wild Reindeer to Planning and Management Options in Southern Norway
Authors: Kaltenborn Bjørn P. , Mehmetoglu Mehmet , Gundersen Vegard
Published: May 2017

Norway is home to the last remaining populations of wild mountain reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) in Europe. Concerns over anthropogenic and natural drivers have led to change in the management regime from a population-based model to an area-based model. More complex management goals, increasing involvement of stakeholders, and larger management units call for improved knowledge about reindeer-related values. We examined the responses of 1000 respondents to 39 statements of attitudes and values associated with wild reindeer presence and the management situation in two reindeer regions of southern Norway. We used a partial least-squares path modeling approach to examine the nexus between the attraction of wild reindeer, sustainability concerns, utilitarian and non-utilitarian values, conflicts, and attitudes toward hunting. The results show that local concepts of the sustainability of reindeer are based on opinions about the ecological requirements as well as the roles reindeer can play in the social and economic development of the communities. The attraction of reindeer is a function of consumptive as well as non-consumptive objectives. Segments of the community with different consumptive orientations can share ideas about the attraction of reindeer, but diverge in their interpretation of the sustainability of the species. Improved knowledge about the diversity and complexity of value orientations associated with wild reindeer can be a useful tool for developing multi-objective management frameworks with a diversity of stakeholders who may share similar values and interests, although they have different experience and knowledge bases.
The Theory of Multiple Intelligences and values education
Authors: Altan Mustafa Zülküf
Published: May 2017

Howard Gardner's theory of Multiple Intelligences has a potential to change all of our conceptions about the abilities of human beings from top to bottom. Gardner's main aim in this theory is to prove that intelligence is not a single construct and human beings possess at least seven distinct intelligences independent from each other. Gardner (1999) in his work of Intelligence Reframed: Multiple Intelligences for the 21st Century emphasizes that one of our aims in the new century will not only bring these different intelligences together and use in harmony but also to question how to bring intelligence and the morality together in order to help different people come together to live in happiness and peace to create a better world. This perspective leads us to think of the existence of a new intelligence. Things we witnessed in the 20th century and have been witnessing in the 21st century convince us about the importance and how much we are in need of discussing the existence of the Moral Intelligence. This article advocates the existence of the Moral Intelligence which Gardner and his friends have difficulty in defining and value education can be studied under the umbrella of the theory of Multiple Intelligences focusing on the Moral Intelligence.
Examining the views of secondary school students on tourism according to different variables (a quantitative study in Safranbolu)
Authors: Karakuş Ufuk , Çepni Osman , Kılcan Bahadır
Published: May 2017

The purpose of this study is to indicate primary school students' views on changes in the socioeconomic and cultural structures of population, which stem from touristic activities. The ffects of variables on these views will be tested in the study. 676 primary school students of sixth, seventh, and eighth grade in Safranbolu, Karabük participated in the study. Data were collected by 5-point Likert type questionnaire developed by Özüpekçe (2008). Results mirrored that students' views on touristic activities were generally positive. It was also seen that students' views differed significantly according to the variables such as school's geographic position, students' grades, and families' economic status.
Primary school students' views and challenges on performance task preparation process in mathematics course
Authors: Bal Ayten Pınar
Published: May 2017

The purpose of this study was to determine the primary school students' views and challenges on performance task preparation process in terms of mathematic course. The population of this study was 1122 5th and 6th grade students who were attending the public primary schools in central districts (Seyhan and Çukurova) of Adana Province. As for the qualitative data, semi-structured interviewed was carried out with 18 students. Performance Task Scale (PTS) and semi-structured interview form were used as data collection tools. Performance Task Scale consists of four factors and 21 items. While the Cronbach Alpha Internal Consistency Coefficients for these four dimensions that explain 52.12% of the total variance were .84, .89, .88 and .81 respectively; it is .82 for whole scale. In the study descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis and content analyze were used for analyzing the data. At the end of the research, it was concluded that the performance task preparation process enhance the students' communication, elaboration and investigation skills. Also, students stated that they had difficulty in reaching the necessary sources and having adequate time. For dissolving these problems, it can be suggested that the performance task preparation process should be done according to a schedule; in addition, the teachers should guide the students in terms of using proper resources.
A Project Evaluation Scale development study related to mathematics course
Authors: Bal Ayten Pınar
Published: May 2017

The main purpose of this study was to develop a reliable and valid measurement tool to assess the project in primary school mathematics course. Totally 839 fifth and sixth grade students participated to the study from different public primary schools which are located in Adana district. While developing the scale, the reliability; content validity; construct validity tests and, correlation analysis were all carried out respectively. In line with these analyses, it has been derived a 18 item scale including "Thinking Skill", "The Impact of the Procedure on Individual" and "The Environmental Support for Learning Mathematics" sub factors. Cronbach Alpha internal consistency coefficients of these three sub factors that explain 52,04 % of the total variance were calculated .89, .90 and .84 respectively. Finally, considering the results of the analyses, It can be said that the Project Evaluation Scale is a reliable and valid tool that can be applied in 5th and 6th mathematics courses.
The cognitive understandings of student teachers about hydroelectric plants
Authors: Geçit Yılmaz , Yangın Selami
Published: May 2017

The purpose in this study is to determine cognitive understandings of student teachers about the use of energy produced by these plants and hydro-electric plants, which have recently engaged in the agenda of the media in Turkey. The descriptive (scanning) method which based on quantitative research paradigm intented for the case study in study is used. The five Likert-type instrument consist of fifteen statements (5 right, 10 scientifically incorrect) have been developed. For the measurement instrument reliability coefficient (Cronbach Î±) was found to be .82. Measurement tool, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Education, Classroom Teacher, Social Studies and Science Teacher Education programs, a total of 422 student teachers, was applicated. For analysis of the data, t-test and one-way variance analysis was used and for determine the direction of the difference in variance analysis, the Scheffe test was used. As a result, it was found significantly correlation between teacher candidates' the sources to obtain information about hydroelectric plants and the cognitive understandings. According to the gender and their fields of the teacher candidates, cognitive understandings about hydroelectric plants showed significant difference. In addition, cognitive understandings of student teachers is considered as teachers of future about hydroelectric plants does not have a sufficient level.
The effect of problem posing İnstruction on problem solving success of 6th grade students with different number sense
Authors: Işık Ahmet , Çiltaş Alper , Kar Tuğrul
Published: May 2017

This study aimed to investigate the effect of problem posing instruction on problem solving success of sixth grade students with different number sense about decimal number of transactions. In this study single-group pretest-posttest experimental design from preexperimental methods was used. The sample of study was composed of 30 students enrolled in a sixth-grade from an urban primary school. Problem Solving Test and Number Sense Test used as data collection tools. The study showed that problem posing instruction has positive effect on problem solving success of students with different number sense. In addition to students have positive views towards the problem posing instruction.
From the Editor in Chief
Authors: Doğanay Ahmet
Published: May 2017

Dear producers and consumers of knowledge,

 

I would like to share the happiness of being with you again with 7th Volume 2nd Issue of Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction (PEGEGOG). I hope you could find time to have a rest after your busAy schedule. Initially, I want to thank you for the increasing interest for our journal.

 

As mentioned before, we had applied to many indexes Our efforts have started to yield fruitful results. Thanks to the valuable contributions of our authors and readers, I am happy to announce that Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction is now being indexed in  Emerging Sources Citation Index (E-SCI) effective from 2017. I am hoping to give the announcements of other indexing news for the next issues.

 

We shared with you in previous issues and announcements that our journal got high scores by many indexes. I'm pleased to inform you in this issue that the journal's h-index rose to 9. However, our aim is always to have much higher scores. Therefore, we invite you to share studies comprehensive, built on strong theoretical basis, innovative and bringing a vision on various fields of educational sciences increasing the number of readers.

 

There has been 43 articles sent for publication to our journal. This is good news for our journal and country. On the other hand, I have to indicate that there were critical problems in terms of format within these articles as stated in the previous issue. First of all, unfortunately we had to reject some articles as in many of them there were texts very similar to ones in different articles. At first step, we scan all articles in i-Thenticate program to determine the exact quotations from other resources. After this scan, we reject the articles detected to have exact quotations at a high rate without initiating peer-review process. Apart from that, we also send back the articles not written in an academic format not to disturb our reviewers unnecessarily.

 

One of the problems with the articles submitted to our journal and we had to reject was about data analysis. The data is the raw information collected from related resources through research aims. These should be analyzed in parallel with these aims. It is necessary to analyze them using statistics for quantitative data and methods such as content analysis or descriptive analysis for qualitative data. Analysis provides the data being transformed into findings and make sense. Especially, in some of document analysis and some qualitative studies, it is seen that data are presented as findings. In some others, data are presented being only described. It is essential that the studies are formed in an article format obeying the rules by the journal and presented for publication afterwards.

 

As always, we present the six articles got through peer-review process and given DOI number to you dear producers and consumers of knowledge. I wish these studies conducted in various fields of educational sciences will be useful and contribute to theoretical knowledge within the field. Hope to meet within the next issue.

 

Sincerely yours,
Effects of organizational trust on identification in a university hospital in Turkey
Authors: Kaya Şerife Didem , İleri Yusuf Yalçın , Yüceler Aydan
Published: June 2017

The organizational trust of professionals in the health sector and the levels of identification with their organizations are significant issues. In this respect we aimed to determine the levels of trust which employees at a university hospital in Konya, Turkey (235 employees) feel towards their organizations and the levels of identification with their organizations, and to discover the relationship between the levels of their organizational trust and organizational identification. We conducted our study between April -June 2013 and we used the questionnaire technique. The questionnaire consisted of demographic questions and organizational trust and organizational identification scales. The data were arranged in the SPSS and frequency, descriptive statistics, t test correlation and regression analyses were performed. As a result of the findings that emerged, the levels of healthcare employees’ trust in their organization and their identification with it were found to be high. A statistically significant difference was found by gender (male have higher average scores than female) between levels of organizational trust and organizational identification. Moreover, a very high and positive relationship (89% significance level) was found between healthcare employees’ trust and the level of identification.
Favorable Evolution of a Patient with Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Nedelcu Cristina , Parepa Irinel Raluca , Mazilu Laura , Suceveanu Andra-Iulia , Matei Luminita , Craciun R. L.
Published: June 2017

We present a case of severe thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension in a patient with history of recurrent deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary restrictive disease due to pulmonary and vertebral tuberculosis in young adulthood. He was considered not eligible in the National Program for Primary Pulmonary Hypertension, being referred for thoracic surgery, but he was considered unfit for thrombendarterectomy. Despite guidelines, we administered him specific medical therapy (phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors and endothelin receptor antagonists). His clinical evolution was satisfactory, with increasing effort tolerance and decreasing need for ambulatory oxigenotherapy.
»Judenxandl und Stadtpelz.« Die vergessenen jüdischen Funktionäre des First Vienna Football Club 1894
Authors: Juraske Alexander
Published: June 2017

Apart from
Pioniere, Verteidiger, Verfolgte: Juden und Antisemitismus im metropolitanen Schweizer Sport in der ersten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Koller Christian
Published: June 2017

This article provides an overview on both Jewish sport in Swiss metropolises and anti-Semitism in the Swiss sports system in the early 20
Expression of psbA1 gene in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 is influenced by CO2
Authors: Chiş Ciprian , Carmel Dalton , Chiş luliana , Ardelean Aurel , Dragos Nicolae , Sicora Cosmin
Published: June 2017

In almost all cyanobacteria a small gene family encodes the photosystem II reaction center D1 proteins that play vital roles in the cell. Recently, several types of this protein were functionally characterised and the conditions for their transcript regulation were identified. One of the D1-encoding genes previously believed to be silent is induced by microaerobic conditions. This gene was first described in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 as psbA1 encoding the D1 isoform. When Synechocystis cells are shifted from high to ambient level CO2 we recorded an increase in gene expression, similar, but to a lesser extent, to microaerobic conditions. When synthetic air is used to remove the ambient CO2, the induction of the gene is absent. We documented for the first time that expression of a psbA gene is regulated by the inorganic carbon status of the cell. Our conclusion is that both CO2 and microaerobic conditions are independently influencing the expression of psbA1 gene in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Hence, it is crucial to understand the mechanisms of regulation and function of D1 proteins as it could be used for future bio-technological applications as a virtual tool-box for modulating the function of PSII.
Archaeobotanical components of grave goods in prehistoric tumuli 6 and 7 at the archaeological site of Kaptol-Gradci, near Požega (Croatia)
Authors: Šoštarić Renata , Potrebica Hrvoje , Hršak Jelena , Essert Sara
Published: June 2017

The Iron Age site of Kaptol-Gradci belongs to the south-eastern periphery of the Hallstatt cultural complex, dominated primarily by the Kaptol cultural group, and encompasses a hillfort settlement and necropolis. During the investigation campaigns organized to date, 25 tumuli have been identified and 17 of them investigated. This paper presents the first results of the analysis of plant remains from a Hallstatt necropolis in Croatia, from tumuli 6 and 7, identified as an integral part of the complex burial ritual. In both tumuli, the predominant finds were of cereal grains (83% in tumulus 6 and 96.9% in tumulus 7). Besides the cereal grains, a very small quantity of weeds representing accidental associations have also been identified, as well as remains of wild fruits collected in the countryside. On the basis of the first results obtained from the archaeological site of Kaptol-Gradci and the scarce archaeobotanical research into Hallstatt necropolises in Europe, the conclusion can be drawn that a potential pattern can be observed, an element of a complex burial ritual in which cereal grains (overwhelmingly dominant in terms of their relative proportions) played an important role, together with various fruit deposits, whose type and quantity probably depended on the season, their availability in the environment and/or the possibility of their storage/preservation.
The State of the Environmental Awareness of Students from Poland, Slovakia and Ukraine – Selected Results
Authors: Cynk Karolina
Published: June 2017

In the article was presented results of international researches about environmental consciousness. The project was realized in 2015. The main purpose of this article is to describe the level of environmental knowledge, values and attitudes among university students from Central Eastern Europe. In introduction of article was defined concept of environmental awareness. The research problem is question: What are differences in the state of environmental awareness between respondents living in the Poland, Slovakia and Ukraine? In the first part text was presented methodology of the conducted research. The second part of the article concerns the analysis of the collected data. On the basis of the conducted research it can maintain that the students of Central and Eastern Europe generally declared interest the state of the environment. The overall outcome of the research leads to the conclusion that the highest proportion of the respondents who declared interest in the environmental protection came from Slovakia. The fact that in their opinion it should care about the environment more than the students from Poland and Ukraine may result from the higher level of the environmental awareness.
Monitoring of Landslide Areas with the Use of Contemporary Methods of Measuring and Mapping
Authors: Skrzypczak Izabela , Kogut Janusz , Kokoszka Wanda , Zientek Dawid
Published: June 2017

In recent years, there is an increase of landslide risk observed, which is associated with intensive anthropogenic activities and extreme weather conditions. Appropriate monitoring and proper development of measurements resulting as maps of areas at risk of landslides enables us to estimate the risk in the social and economic aspect. Landslide monitoring in the framework of SOPO project is performed by several methods of measurements: monitoring of surface (GNSS measurement and laser scanning), monitoring in-deepth (inclinometer measurements) and monitoring of the hydrological changes and precipitation (measuring changes in water-table and rainfall).
A Statistical Approach for Selecting Buildings for Experimental Measurement of HVAC Needs
Authors: Malinowski Paweł , Ziembicki Piotr
Published: June 2017

This article presents a statistical methodology for selecting representative buildings for experimentally evaluating the performance of HVAC systems, especially in terms of energy consumption. The proposed approach is based on the k-means method. The algorithm for this method is conceptually simple, allowing it to be easily implemented. The method can be applied to large quantities of data with unknown distributions. The method was tested using numerical experiments to determine the hourly, daily, and yearly heat values and the domestic hot water demands of residential buildings in Poland. Due to its simplicity, the proposed approach is very promising for use in engineering applications and is applicable to testing the performance of many HVAC systems.
The Evaluation of the Fertilizing and Yield Potential of Straw and Cellulose Manure
Authors: Słobodzian-Ksenicz Oryna , Bojarski Jacek
Published: June 2017

The objective of the study was to determine the physicochemical properties as well as the fertilizing and crop-yielding value of straw and cellulose manure after a 6-month storage period. Before field application pH value and contents of dry matter, TC, Corg. and N in cellulose manure were higher than in straw manure. The application of cellulose manure caused an increase in pH and the contents of P and K in the soil. The contents of DM, TC, Corg., as well as N and P in the rye grain collected from a field with cellulose manure were higher than in the rye grain collected from a field with straw manure. It follows that the soil fertilized with the cellulose manure was more conducive to the mineralization and sorption of macroelements assimilable by plants. The cellulose manure demonstrated better fertilizing value than the straw manure and increased the yield potential of the soil.
Facile and Effective Synthesis of Praseodymium Tungstate Nanoparticles through an Optimized Procedure and Investigation of Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Pourmortazavi Seied Mahdi , Rahimi-Nasrabadi Mehdi , Ganjali Mohammad Reza , Karimi Meisam Sadeghpour , Norouzi Parviz , Faridbod Farnoosh
Published: June 2017

Regarding the importance of nanoparticles in today’s world, and in the light of the fact that their preparation can be a rather difficult task, we focused on the applicability of a simplistic direct precipitation approach for the preparation of praseodymium tungstate nanoparticles. To maximize the effectiveness of the method, a Taguchi robust design approach was applied to optimize the reaction in terms of the operating conditions influencing its outcome and the results were monitored by characterization of the Pr2(WO4)3 nanoparticles. Among the four parameters studied we found the dimensions of the produced nanoparticles to be determined by the concentrations of Pr3+ and WO43− solutions and the reaction temperature, while the flow rate of adding the cation solutions to the anion solution was found to leave very negligible effects on the product characteristics. To confirm the effect of the optimizations on the outcomes of the reaction, SEM, TEM, EDX, XRD, FT-IR and UV-Vis structural and morphological characterizations of the products were performed, the results of which were in agreement with those statistically predicted in the optimization procedure. Furthermore, as-synthesized praseodymium tungstate nanoparticles under ultraviolet light exhibited an efficient photocatalyst property in the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue.
Review paper. Terminal lucidity
Authors: Chiriboga-Oleszczak Boris Alejandro
Published: June 2017

Terminal lucidity is a term used in the medical literature to determine the improvement of mental functioning shortly before death, even among patients with serious and long-term disorders. In 19th century, cases of mind clarity recovery shortly before death, were often recognized by doctors and interpreted as a sign of an impending death. In 20th century, the interest in this phenomenon decreased and then, virtually disappear. In recent years, on the wave of publications concerning near death experiences and related events such as the end of life experiences, papers about the improvement of mental functioning shortly before death, exponentially grew and got a new name, terminal lucidity. In this paper, an overview of the available literature is presented to outline the historical, phenomenological and clinical picture of this phenomenon and its possible implications for medical care and future studies.
Review paper. Chemobrain in patients suffering from cancer based on the example of multiple myeloma
Authors: Bury Magdalena
Published: June 2017

Introduction: The incidence rate of cancers emphasizes the necessity to investigate not only patients’ somatic ailments but also their psychosocial functioning as well as the need to raise the quality standards of cancer patients. The improvement of the quality of life is one of the major challenges of psycho-oncology, which is the science created in the interface of two disciplines: psychology and medicine.

One of the important aspects of psycho-oncologists’ activity is the minimization of negative side-effects related to treatment, such as changes in patients’ cognitive functioning resulting from anti-cancer treatment.

Objective: The aim of this work is to provide the reader with the knowledge concerning the phenomenon of chemobrain in a very special group of patients with hemato-oncologic tumour. Few researches related to this topic have confirmed the occurrence of cognitive deficits resulting from the cancer process, taken cytotoxic drugs, other forms of anti-cancer therapy and the activeness of biochemical compounds in patients with multiple myeloma.

Methods: The author has done a literary review concerning the topic under study using the Google Scholar and EBSCO databases. The main part of this work consists of references to Polish and English research literature published after 2000. The review includes also classic works from the eighties and nineties of the 20th century.

Results: The present work has been divided into several sections. The part devoted to explanation of the term chemobrain describes the evolution of its definition over the years. The second section - ‘Heterogeneity of the phenomenon - causes’ - underlines the influence of biochemical etiological factors, such as the impact of the activity of proinflammatory cytokines on the cognitive state of the patients suffering from tumour. Next part - ‘Chemobrain and multiple myeloma’ is devoted to the clinical characteristics of this cancer and to the descriptions of the selected methods of chemotherapy. The review of researches concerning the deteriorated cognitive functioning of patients with multiple myeloma in relation to the probable aetiology of this disease has been also presented.

Conclusions: The review of Polish and English literature concerning the functioning of memory and attention processes in the patients suffering from multiple myeloma can serve as an inspiration for a search for objective biochemical factors conditioning the deterioration of cognitive processes of the patients undergoing anti-cancer treatment.
Ensuring Access to Fruits and Vegetables for the Nation’s Most Vulnerable – Contributions of WIC and SNAP
Authors: Herman Dena R.
Published: June 2017

The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) and the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) are critical programs in the U.S. because they form the basis of the nation’s nutrition and hunger safety net. SNAP has large effect nationwide offering nutrition assistance to 1 in 7 low-income Americans, while WIC serves more than half of all infants in the U.S. and a quarter of all children ages 1-5 years. Despite the reach of these programs, there is still room for improvement, especially when it comes to increasing access to healthy food items and improving eating habits. The objective of this paper is to make recommendations for how WIC and SNAP can work better together to continue to incentivize purchases and support low-income population’s knowledge and access to healthier food choices, particularly those foods that have traditionally been most expensive – fruits and vegetables.
Why do foresters oppose the enlargement of the Białowieża National Park? The motivation of the State Forests Holding employees as perceived by social actors engaged in the conflict over the Białowieża Forest
Authors: Niedziałkowski Krzysztof
Published: June 2017

This study outlines the main motives of foresters opposing the enlargement of the Białowieża National Park to include areas managed by the State Forests Holding. The motives were identified using discourse analysis tools based on the semistructured interviews with 36 people representing various groups of actors engaged in the discussion on the management of the Białowieża Forest. The main motives I found are connected to: (1) a vision of how nature should be and the foresters’ mission; (2) fear of losing employment or getting a worse job; (3) the high esteem of the forester profession in local communities and an inferior vocational status of the national park employees; (4) defending the professional prestige of foresters and the State Forests Holding; (5) competition with national parks over natural areas; (6) forest science; (7) the wish to continue hunting in the Białowieża Forest; (8) bottom-up pressure on the State Forests Holding employees. The major conflict potential in the discourse around the Białowieża Forest is connected with the perception of its unique natural values and methods of protection. As a result, two opposing coalitions have formed: one supporting forestry interests and one encouraging conservation. The discourse of the forestry-supporting coalition is strengthened by an epistemic community of forest scientists. Some arguments presented by the foresters pushing for a continuation of forest management in Białowieża also indicate the involvement of path dependency, which, in combination with large differences between the coalitions, does not allow for optimism regarding the resolution of the conflict.
Significant hiatuses in the terrestrial Late Variscan Central and Western Bohemian basins (Late Pennsylvanian–Early Cisuralian) and their possible tectonic and climatic links
Authors: Martínek Karel , Pešek Jiří , Opluštil Stanislav
Published: June 2017

Significant changes in the stratigraphy of the Central and Western Bohemian Upper Palaeozoic basins occur during or shortly after hiatuses. The different extent and changes in the depocentres of the Radnice and Nýřany members (Moscovian) in the Plzeň Basin clearly indicate changes in the structure of this basin taking place during a break in sedimentation between these two units (311.9–308.3 Ma). Thick weathered rocks that occur in boreholes in the Mšeno–Roudnice Basin indicate another sedimentation break (305.9–304.1 Ma) between the Nýřany Member and the Týnec Formation (Kasimovian). Another possible hitherto undiscovered hiatus occurred between the Týnec and Slaný formations (Kasimovian–Gzhelian, about 304–303 Ma). The most significant changes in the configuration of the basins occurred between the Slaný and Líně formations (Gzhelian–Asselian, 301.6–300.6 Ma). This is indicated by deeply cut river valleys at the top of the Slaný Formation, by high thickness of weathered deposits occurring immediately beneath the Líně Formation, and mainly by the shift of depocentres from the southern to the northern part of the Central Bohemian basins. The hiatuses between the Radnice and Nýřany members and between the Slaný and Líně formations are accompanied by significant changes in the depocentres, and they are therefore interpreted primarily as tectonic events related to the extensional collapse of the Variscan orogenic belt. By contrast, the hiatuses beneath and above the Týnec Formation are interpreted as being the products of lower sedimentation rates during drier climates, which is consistent with the characteristics of the sediments, correlation with other Central European basins, and with climate models for this period. Due to the characteristics of the Líně Formation, in which the effects of climate aridization are clearly seen, the authors presume that tectonic as well as climatic changes occurred at the hiatus between the Slaný and Líně formations.
Synthesis of anti-inflammatory 2,3-unsaturated O-glycosides using conventional and microwave heating techniques
Authors: de Melo Adriana Cristina N. , de Oliveira Ronaldo N. , de Freitas Filho João R. , da Silva Teresinha G. , Srivastava Rajendra M.
Published: June 2017

The preparation of eight 2,3-unsaturated O-glycosides from D-glycals and alcohols, using montmorillonite K-10 as an acid catalyst, is described. The Ferrier rearrangement products were obtained in good yields using conventional heating and microwave irradiation but the reaction time was substantially reduced employing the latter procedure. The yields were slightly lower under microwave exposure. Five of the di-O-acetylated products were deacetylated to the glycosides in excellent yields. The acetylated products possess good anti-inflammatory property suggesting that the acetyl group plays an important role in reducing the inflammation. Among the compounds tested, glycosides containing thiophene as an aglycone present much better inflammation reducing characteristics than the analogues without this function.
Description of a new species of the genus Caveonchus Siddiqi, 1982 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) with diagnostic compendium and key to its species
Authors: Ahad S. , Ahmad W.
Published: June 2017

Caveonchus siddiqii n. sp. is described and illustrated based on specimens collected from both India and Japan. It is characterized by having a medium sized body (L= 0.86 - 1.12 mm); labial disc present; amphideal fovea flask-shaped; lip region cap-like, offset by slight constriction; odontostyle 8 - 9 μm, odontophore 10 - 12 μm; pharynx with slender anterior part which expands abruptly into the saccate basal bulb, occupying about 16 - 21 % of total neck length; female genital system mono-opisthodelphic; anterior genital branch 70 - 100 μm or 1.9 - 2.8 times the midbody diameter long; tail short, rounded, hemispheroid, 0.5 - 0.7 anal body diameter long; spicules 30 - 38 μm long; and three spaced ventromedian supplements. Its relationship with all the known species of the genus is discussed. A diagnostic compendium and a key to identification of the species is also provided.
A Drug-induced Hepatitis Patient with a Manifestation of Liver Occupying Lesions on Ultrasound B: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Cheng Dan-ying , Wang Xiao-mei , Ou Wei-ni , Xing Hui-chun
Published: June 2017

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is defined as injury to the liver caused by exposure to a drug or some drugs. The number of cases suffering from DILI has been increasing. There are few clinical features specifically associated with DILI. The recognition and diagnosis of DILI is difficult. In this report, we described a DILI case caused by herbal remedies.
Domain Ⅲ of Dengue Virus Serotype 2 Envelope: Expression at High Levels in Escherichia coli and Competitive Inhibition of Virus Entry
Authors: Yang Yong- hong , Zheng Xue-li , Qing Lei-zi , Zhu Pin-ting , Pan Jing , Luo Lei
Published: June 2017

Obejective The domain Ⅲ of dengue virus type 2 envelope was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli and the recombinant protein inhibited virus effect was tested.

Methods In this study, the domain Ⅲ (DⅢ) protein of the dengue virus type-2 (DENV-2) envelope (E) antigen was expressed in Escherichia coli by fusion with a carrier protein. The protein was purified using enzymatic cleavage and affinity purification. Rabbit immunization and antibody detection was carried out. Inhibition of DENV-2 infection was observed by DENV-2 EDⅢ protein and its immunity rabbits serum.

Results The recombinant expression DENV-2 EDⅢ protein plasmid was constructed successfully. After isopropyl thiogalactoside induction, a specific soluble 29 kD protein was obtained, and the expression product accounted for 68.87% of the total protein of the cell lysate. Western blotting demonstrated the reactivity of the recombinant protein with his-tag and DENV (Ⅰ-Ⅳ) monoclonal antibodies. The protein was purified using enzymatic cleavage and affinity purification. The purified recombinant EDⅢ protein inhibited the entry of DENV-2 into BHK-21 cells. DENV-2 plaque neutralization assays were carried out using serially diluted antibodies against EDⅢ protein. At a 1:16 dilution, the antibodies produced at least 90% neutralization of the DENV-2 virus. Furthermore, the antibodies continued to exhibit high neutralization effects (approximately 80%) until the anti-EDⅢ antibody titer reached 1:1 024.

Conclusions DENV-2 EDⅢ was cloned and expressed successfully. DENV-2 EDⅢ protein could be useful in the development of inexpensive dengue vaccine. The data also suggested that DENV-2 employed an attachment molecule or receptor for its entry into C6/36 mosquito cells.
Investigation of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Rate of Patients in a General Hospital
Authors: Zhang Yue-qiu , Xu Shao-xia , Bian Sai-nan , Zhang Li-fan , Zhang Yao , Zhang Wei-hong , Xu Ying-chun , Liu Xiao-qing
Published: June 2017

Objective To investigate the infection rate of hepatitis C virus among the ambulatory patients and in-patients of a tertiary teaching hospital, and study the demographic factors related to the prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection.

Methods All patients tested for hepatitis C virus antibody from July 2008 to July 2009 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were enrolled in this cross-sectional analysis. The prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection was compared according to age, gender, and departments, respectively. Among patients with positive serology hepatitis C virus marker, the positivity of hepatitis C virus RNA was analysed.

Results Among 29 896 subjects included, the hepatitis C virus antibody of 494 patients were positive (1.7%). When patients were divided into 9 age groups, the age specific prevalence of hepatitis C virus antibody were 0.2%, 1.7%, 1.2%, 1.1%, 1.5%, 1.9%,2.6%, 2.4% and 2%, respectively. The prevalence of hepatitis C virus antibody in non-surgical department and surgical department was 3% and 1%, respectively. The prevalence of hepatitis C virus antibody of males was higher than that of the females. Total of 194 patients with positive hepatitis C virus antibody were tested for hepatitis C virus RNA, the RNA level of 113 patients (58.2%) were higher than the low detection limit.

Conclusions The prevalence of hepatitis C virus antibody was relatively high among patients of general tertiary hospital. Age group of 60-69, males and patients in non-surgical departments were factors associated with high rate of hepatitis C virus infection.
HIBADH Plays an Important Role in the Course of Liver Cell Necrosis
Authors: Zheng Tie-long , Wang Ping-an , Wang Dian-li , Sun Cheng-fu , Hong Yuan , Wang Qi , Cheng Jun
Published: June 2017

Objective To observe the biological function of human 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase (HIBADH).

Methods Human 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase (HIBADH, 3-hydroxy-2-methyl propanoate: NAD+ oxidoreductase) recombinant protein was expressed in E. coli BL21, and purified by Ni+ column. The special antisera was obtained from rabbits immunized by this purified antigen. On the distribution of HIBADH, it was found that HIBADH over-expressed in the injured liver cells when serious hepatitis occurred. The phenomenon was confirmed in the animal models of SD rats with acute liver cell injury induced by CCl4, but this phenomenon did not exist in the models induced by endotoxin combined with galactosamine. Further more, HIBADH’s overexpression in liver cells will induce cell necrosis through the pathway of oxidative stress.

Results When the liver cells injured by drug or other chemical materials, HIBADH will be compensationally over-expressed for the deficiency of energy, so liver cells can make enough ATP through brand-chain amino acid catabolism. However, the overexpression of HIBADH will be harmful for liver cells through the product of much more active oxygens which will induce the cell necrosis.

Conclusions HIBADH over-expression is a signal of the liver cell metabolism injury, and it can aggravate the liver cell injury through oxidative stress.