bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristics and outcomes of large artery occlusion-related stroke due to intracranial atherostenosis: An experience from a single center in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Zafar Azra S. , Shahid Rizwana , Albakr Aishah I. , Aljaafari Danah T. , Alkhamis Fahd A. , Shariff Erum M. , Alabdali Majed M. , Nazish Saima , Alshamrani Foziah J.G. , Alamri Abdullah S. , Hadhiah Kawther M. , Alsulaiman Abdulla A. , Alkhaldi Norah A. , Al-Suhibani Sari S. , Al-Jehani Hosam M.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Literature on the frequency, response to treatment, and outcomes of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to intracranial atherostenosis (ICAS)-related intracranial large artery occlusion (ILAO) from Saudi Arabia is scarce. The aim of this study was to identify the percentage, describe the characteristics, and observe the treatment response in patients with AIS attributed to ICAS-related ILAO.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This cross-sectional study included all adult patients from 2017-2021 who fulfilled the inclusion criteria for the diagnosis of ICAS-related AIS. Patients were dichotomized based on ILAO. Mortality and functional outcomes (FOCs) based on 90 days’ dependence level were compared between the two groups. The association between ILAO and other variables was assessed using the Chi-squared test, odds ratios (OR), and 95% confidence interval (CI).

RESULTS:

ILAO was found in 38.7% of patients with ICAS-related AIS. Men comprised three-fourths of the cohort and were more frequent in the ILAO group. Smoking was associated with increased (P = 0.04) likelihood of ILAO. Patients with ILAO had more severe strokes (P ≤ 0.001) than patients without. Middle cerebral artery was the most common occluded vessel (52%). Functional dependence (P = 0.003, OR = 2.87, CI = 1.42–5.77), malignant transformation (P = 0.001, OR = 8.0, CI = 1.82–35.9), and mortality (P ≤ 0.001, OR = 7.67, CI = 2.40–24.5) were significantly higher among ILAO group. Patients with ILAO with unfavorable FOC were older than those who achieved better FOC (P ≤ 0.001). Thrombolysis (P = 0.02, OR = 2.50, CI = 1.15–5.41) and mechanical thrombectomy (MT) improved FOC in patients with ILAO (P = 0.04, OR = 2.33, CI = 1.10–4.92).

CONCLUSION:

ILAO is common in patients with ICAS-related AIS. Timely hyperacute stroke treatment can help improve the FOC of otherwise disabling stroke due to ILAO. Raising awareness of the community about stroke is needed, so that a higher number of patients can arrive at hospital within the golden hours. Further data from the region are required to recognize the efficacy of MT in ICAS-related ILAO.
Evaluation of the neuromotor ability of the tongue in pediatric patients using a stereognostic examination
Authors: Jajoo Sakshi , Shweta Chaudhary , Rucha Davalbhakta , Sanket Kunte , Chetana Jagtap , Smita Patil
Published: April 2024

Background:

The term “stereognosis” comes from neurology and describes the capacity to distinguish objects solely by touch.

Aim:

The aim of this research study was to compare the neuromotor ability of the tongue in patients with malocclusion and tongue dysfunction with and without superficial anesthesia on the tip of the tongue and hard palate.

Materials and Methods:

The study included 132 patients aged 6–13 years. Using a spatula for speech therapy and a visual evaluation while swallowing saliva, all individuals were identified as having swallowing dysfunctions and divided into three groups: study group (children with malocclusions and tongue dysfunctions) – 44 patients, comparator group (children with malocclusions and without tongue dysfunctions) – 44 patients, and control group (children without malocclusions or tongue dysfunctions) – 44 patients. The Koczorowski methods were used for the stereognostic tests.

Results:

Age, sex, and malocclusion were taken into account during the differential analysis. The study and comparison groups, study and control groups, and the comparator and control groups all showed statistically significant differences from one another. According to the results, tongue dysfunction affects patients’ ability to coordinate their movements with their senses at a developing stage.

Conclusion:

Patients with malocclusions that are made worse by tongue dysfunctions have poorer oral stereognostic sensibility. Speech therapy and interdisciplinary specialist orthodontic treatment are required for individuals with impaired oral perception who are still in the developmental stage and have abnormal tongue position and function.
Exploring the association between early childhood caries, malnutrition, and anemia by machine learning algorithm
Authors: Fasna K. , Khan Saima Yunus , Ahmad Ayesha , Sharma Manoj Kumar
Published: April 2024

Objective:

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of early childhood caries in children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and also the hierarchy of association if any with malnutrition, anemia, and other risk factors with ECC using machine learning algorithms.

Methods:

A hospital-based preventive and interventional study was conducted on SAM children (age = 2 to <6 years) who were admitted to the malnutrition treatment unit (MTU). An oral examination for early childhood caries status was done using the deft index. The anthropometric measurements and blood examination reports were recorded. Oral health education and preventive dental treatments were given to the admitted children. Three machine learning algorithms (Random Tree, CART, and Neural Network) were applied to assess the relationship between early childhood caries, malnutrition, anemia, and the risk factors.

Results:

The Random Tree model showed that age was the most significant factor in predicting ECC with predictor importance of 98.75%, followed by maternal education (29.20%), hemoglobin level (16.67%), frequency of snack intake (9.17%), deft score (8.75%), consumption of snacks (7.1%), breastfeeding (6.25%), severe acute malnutrition (5.42%), frequency of sugar intake (3.75%), and religion at the minimum predictor importance of 2.08%.

Conclusion:

Anemia and malnutrition play a significant role in the prediction, hence in the causation of ECC. Pediatricians should also keep in mind that anemia and malnutrition have a negative impact on children’s dental health. Hence, Pediatricians and Pediatric dentist should work together in treating this health problem.
Expression of salivary levels of S100A7 in oral submucous fibrosis and oral leukoplakia
Authors: Fathima Razwia , Ramamoorthi Raghini , Gopalakrishnan Sivakumar , Jayaseelan Vijayashree P. , Muniapillai Sivakumar
Published: April 2024

Aim:

The aim of the study is to evaluate the expression of S100A7 levels in saliva of oral sub-mucous fibrosis, oral leukoplakia patients, and healthy control.

Materials and Methods:

The study comprised of saliva samples from 15 patients each with clinically diagnosed oral sub-mucous fibrosis, oral leukoplakia, and healthy control. Salivary S100A7 levels were estimated using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. The significance level is fixed at 5% (α = 0.05). To compare the mean values of concentration between the disease group oral leukoplakia (OL) and oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) and control, one-way analysis of variance was used followed by a post
hoc test for multiple pairwise comparisons.

Results:

The results of the study indicated a statistically significant increase in the salivary S100A7 level among the OSMF and OL when compared with the control group. When a pairwise comparison was done between OSMF with a control group and leukoplakia with a control group, a statistically significant difference was observed, subsequently while comparing OSMF with leukoplakia, and no statistically significant difference was observed.

Conclusion:

Results from this study demonstrated increased S100A7 levels in OSMF and OL when compared with control group. This indicated that salivary S100A7 can be used as an adjunctive marker to identify patients at risk of progression into oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
Appearances can be deceptive – Innocuous swelling on the gingiva masking an aggressive lesion within the maxilla
Authors: Thakare Piyush , Prakash Nilima L. , Mahajan Aarti M. , Bhadage Chetan J.
Published: April 2024

The central giant cell granuloma displays a varied biologic behaviour ranging from simple reactive lesions to aggressive neoplasms. The pathogenicity still remains enigmatic and needs to be differentiated from other giant cell containing lesions. Both maxilla and mandible are affected and 80% involve the region anterior to the first premolar region. CGCL arises centrally within bone, whereas PGCG is a gingival soft tissue lesion. Clinical and radiographic correlation is required to rule out a peripheral giant cell granuloma. The case described here was a rare presentation of a large epulis clinically with involvement of maxilla radiographically and was histologically diagnosed as a central giant cell lesion.
Immunohistochemical study of Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 (PDL1) expression by combined positive score using 22C3 clone in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas, its correlation with clinicopathological features and outcome
Authors: Gangadhar Prithal , Ilanthodi Sandhya , Shetty Rachan , Shenoy K. Kamalaksh , Philipose Thoppil Reba
Published: April 2024

Context:

Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD L1) is a transmembrane protein that is highly expressed in neoplastic cells. Therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors target PD-1/PD-L1 blockade-inducing tumour regression. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for PD-L1 expression enables patient selection for immunotherapy and can be considered as a potential predictive biomarker for immunotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

Aims:

To determine the PDL1 expression in HNSCC, to correlate with clinicopathological features and outcome.

Settings and Design:

We retrospectively analysed 59 cases of HNSCC at our Tertiary Hospital between January 2017 and November 2018 and followed up until death/Nov 2022 for Overall survival.

Methods and Material:

IHC analysis of PD-L1 using Combined Positive Score (CPS) with antibody clone 22C3 in 59 cases of HNSCC was performed. PD-L1 expression was correlated with clinicopathological features and outcomes.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Pearson Chi-square test was used to analyse the correlation between PD-L1 expression and clinicopathological parameters using SPSS20.0. Survival curves were calculated by Kaplan–Meier method, and differences were analysed by log-rank test.

Results:

A total of 25 cases (42.4%) had positive PDL expression (CPS ≥1). 16/25 cases (27.1%) belonged to CPS (≥1, <10). An almost-perfect interobserver agreement was noted by two pathologists for PD-L1 IHC expression. No statistically significant correlation was noted between PD-L1 score and clinicopathologic features.

Conclusions:

Detection of PD-L1 status gives further insight into frequency of PD-L1 expression in Indian HNSCC patients to possibly improve clinical treatment strategies, ensuring that our patients get the maximum therapeutic benefit of immunotherapy.
Comparative evaluation of alkaline ionized water and normal water on oral microbial flora: An in-vitro study
Authors: Kurup Pranav R. , Patel Rahul R. , Suraja R. , Mishra Mayur
Published: April 2024

Background:

Various artificial chemical agents have been evaluated over many years with respect to their antimicrobial effect in oral cavity. The gold standard for removal of plaque is usage of chlorhexidine, but it can cause alteration in taste sensation and staining of teeth. Electrolytes and oxidizing water may be useful against microbes, but its clinical application has still not been evaluated. Hence this present study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the alkaline ionized water on oral microbial flora.

Materials and Methods:

Ten non-carious, un-restored and intact freshly extracted human teeth were collected and sectioned using a round bur. Each tooth was sectioned longitudinally in two parts and stored in closed sterile containers which was filled with alkaline ionized water (Group 1) and normal water (Group 2), respectively for 15 days. The microbial growth was analyzed prior to dipping in the solutions, 3 days, 7 days and 15 days. The pH of alkaline ionized water and normal water was evaluated using pH meter before placing teeth in different solutions. Results were analyzed using t-test and the level of significance was set at ≤ 0.05.

Results:

No difference in bacterial colony was observed before test and after 3 days among Group 1 and Group 2, respectively. After 7 days and 15 days, statistically significant decrease in bacterial colony count was seen among Group 1 as compared to Group 2 (P ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion:

It was then concluded that alkaline ionized water can be effective in reduction of oral microbial flora.
“Pleomorphic adenoma in salivary glands: Insights from a 100-patient analysis”
Authors: Sheereen Shazima , Manva Mohnish Zulfikar , Sheereen Shamama , Patil Namrata N. , Abdelrahim Rawa K. , Afroz Mohammed Malik
Published: April 2024

Introduction:

Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is a benign epithelial tumour originating from the salivary gland, specifically the parotid gland. This study aims to comprehensively analyse the clinical and pathological features of PA by examining the characteristics of the tumour, including its histological structure and immunohistochemical profile.

Materials and Methods:

Over 8 years, beginning in October 2015 and ending in October 2023, an exhaustive retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal University, Karnataka, India. The research focused on 100 cases of pleomorphic adenoma and involved a meticulous examination of the clinical and pathological characteristics obtained by retrieving the pertinent files.

Results:

Out of all the primary tumours, the majority (n = 70) was found in the parotid gland, followed by PA that developed from the minor salivary glands of the palate (n = 07), the submandibular gland (n = 17), and the lacrimal gland (n = 04). Only two cases had a primary tumour located in the lips. Females were more susceptible to these tumours than males. The parotid gland tumours showed a distinct trend in laterality, with 73 cases observed on the right side. In 85%, the initial symptom of the condition was painless swelling.

Conclusion:

Salivary gland PA is typically a benign tumour. However, a subset of these tumours can exhibit a malignant phenotype. The preferred treatment is surgical excision with adequate margins.
Low-grade intraductal carcinoma in minor salivary glands: A case report and clinical insights
Authors: Louizakis Alexandros , Tatsis Dimitris , Papadopoulou Stavroula , Vahtsevanos Konstantinos
Published: April 2024

Rationale:

Low-grade intraductal carcinoma (LG-IC), is a rare malignant tumour of the salivary glands which has a very good prognosis and must be differentiated from the other types of salivary gland malignant tumours, which have a totally different behaviour and a worse prognosis.

Patient Concerns:

A case is presented of a 52-year-old woman who was first diagnosed and treated in another clinic in 2019 for an LG-IC in the left submandibular gland space. Two years later, she was admitted to our department with a new lesion, this time in the upper jaw lip on the left side, which also turned out to be LG-IC.

Diagnosis:

Magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography-computed tomography were performed in order to diagnose and adequately stage the disease prior to the therapeutic intervention.

Outcomes:

A 6-month follow-up reveals no sign of recurrence.

Takeaway Lessons:

Literature on this rare histopathological entity, as well as the differential diagnosis with the other malignant lesions of the salivary glands and the frequency of metastasis, were reviewed.
Epidermoid cyst of the midline neck in an 8-year-old girl: A case report
Authors: Chaturvedi Himani Tiwari , Chaturvedi Chandrashekher , Thammaiah Smitha , Damor Paresh Kumar
Published: April 2024

Epidermoid cysts (ECs) are usually small, benign, keratin-filled cysts, can be congenital or acquired and encountered anywhere in the body. EC and dermoid cyst constitute approximately 7% of all cysts in the head and neck region and tend to occur in areas of embryonic fusion. Neck masses are commonly present in children, and there is often a diagnostic dilemma clinically with common differential diagnoses of this region such as thyroglossal cyst, pre-tracheal lymph nodes, thyroid mass, EC and dermoid cyst. EC is mostly present in middle-aged males, and here, we are going to present an EC of the midline neck in an 8-year-old girl, which is not common.
Eliciting “health” as a priority among policymakers in India: A paradigm shift in focus postpandemic
Authors: Kanwar Dhanak , Sharma Nandita , Singh Mahendra , Aggarwal Pradeep
Published: April 2024

Background:

Many legislatures allow for written or in-person questions to be directed to members of the administration, which is a common feature of legislatures. The parliamentary probes usually generate a lot of media attention and public interest. The types of questions that are asked in parliament and the outcomes are still unknown, despite their significance and interest.

Aim and Objectives:

The study aimed to assess the interest of Indian parliamentarians (Lok Sabha) in health issues by screening the questions raised in the Lok Sabha related to health.

Methodology:

A cross-sectional study using records from the 17th Lok Sabha from 2014 to 2022 was done to identify “health-related” inquiries made by parliamentarians between 2014 and 2022.

Results:

The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare explicitly responded to questions in the Lok Sabha from 2014 to 2022, making up 5.41% of all questions (starred and unstarred) raised during that time. Of the total 117,967 questions raised in the Lok Sabha from 2014 to 2022, these 6389 questions were related to “health.”

Conclusion:

In India, the COVID-19 pandemic has sparked worries about several issues, including the quality of health care, institutional and governmental responses, and challenges with law and order. The constitutional and statutory framework ought to be useful in answering these problems.
A qualitative study regarding perception and challenges faced by providers and beneficiaries of Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram in general and also amid the COVID-19 pandemic at an urban health center from Ahmedabad City
Authors: Pirzada Azbah , Sharma Rashmi , Bhatt Gneyaa , Bakshi Harsh , Oza Divyang , Dave Roshni , Jani Dharati , Bapat Nirav
Published: April 2024

Background:

During COVID-19 pandemic, service providers and beneficiaries of Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK) faced certain challenges.

Objectives:

The objective was to assess the perception and challenges faced by service providers and beneficiaries in general and amid the pandemic for availing the services at an urban health center in Ahmedabad.

Methodology:

Data of registered cases under RBSK at Urban Health Center (UHC) Ognaj in 2018–2019 and 2019–2020 were compared. In depth interviews (IDIs) of Medical Officer RBSK were done. Home visits were done to document the perception and challenges of beneficiaries through semi/unstructured questionnaire.

Results:

Considering the cases of 2018–2019 as base, registered cases decreased by 22.8% in 2019–2020 and 92.4% in 2020–2021. The pandemic affected 15.6% of beneficiaries in availing the services. Program was affected due to: (1) less workforce (vacant pharmacist post), (2) target-based approach, and (3) birth defects, deficiency disorders, chronic diseases, and development delays, especially deficiency not perceived a serious health issue by beneficiaries. Corona-specific reasons included: (1) staff deployment in COVID-19 activities, (2) reluctance/fear in visiting District Early Intervention Center (DEIC)/health facility, (3) reduced screening due to the closure of schools/Anganwadi Kendras, and (4) enforced lockdown.

Conclusions:

RBSK mobile health teams found it difficult to reach all 4Ds, more so for follow-up. RBSK was badly affected due to the engagement of providers in COVID-19 work, the closure of facilities, perception of beneficiaries that 4Ds are not of urgent medical concern, prevailing myths. A clear strategy is required to address such problems when the same or a similar type of pandemic strikes us in future.
Prevalence of urinary incontinence and its associated factors among peri- and postmenopausal women of Bollikunta village, Warangal
Authors: Divyasri Rudrakshala , Jha Punam Kumari , Bhavani R. , Kuchana Sai Kiran , Kode Rohith
Published: April 2024

Background:

Urinary incontinence (UI) is an unintentional or involuntary loss of urine. Stress and urge incontinence are the most common types. Many women feel embarrassed to seek medical care, and it affects their quality of life to a greater extent and is usually a neglected problem among rural communities.

Objective:

The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence and to determine the factors associated with UI among peri- and postmenopausal women.

Methodology:

A community-based cross-sectional study was done among 200 peri- and postmenopausal women of age ≥40 years. The sample size was calculated using a prevalence of 25% from previous studies with a 95% confidence interval and absolute precision of 6%. A simple random sampling technique was employed. A semi-structured questionnaire consisting of the Questionnaire for Urinary Incontinence Diagnosis scale was used for data collection. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 20.0. P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

The prevalence of UI was 24% (48 out of 200 women), of which stress incontinence was seen in 15% and urge incontinence in 17% of women. Mixed incontinence was seen in 8% of women. Factors such as increasing age, attainment of menopause, chronic constipation, diabetes, and recurrent UTIs were significantly associated with UI.

Conclusion:

Two out of every ten peri- and postmenopausal women were found to have UI. Identification of women at risk, educating them regarding preventive measures, following a healthy diet, and encouraging them to seek medical care can greatly reduce their chance of developing UI and aid in improving their quality of life.
Correlation between hematocrit and inferior vena cava collapsibility in adult patients with dengue fever: A prospective, observational study at a tertiary care setup in Eastern India
Authors: Chatterjee Rupak , Halder Prantiki , Samajdar Shambo Samrat , Ghosal Puranjit , Mukherjee Shatavisa , Jana Kingshuk , Saha Bibhuti
Published: April 2024

Background:

Dengue fever (DF) is a vector-borne arboviral infection prevalent in tropical and sub-tropical countries. Early recognition of severity of the disease with appropriate fluid management is a challenge to the clinicians. Increase in capillary permeability is the pathophysiological hallmark of the disease which parallels with increase in hematocrit. This study aimed to evaluate the inferior vena cava (IVC) collapsibility and its relation to hematocrit.

Methods:

A prospective, observational study was conducted in the inpatient department of tropical medicine over a period of 1 year in a tertiary care set up in Eastern India. Clinical data and hematocrit of adult dengue cases were documented and their IVC collapsibility determined by bedside ultrasonography (USG) was recorded. Association was assessed between IVC collapsibility and hematocrit. Results were statistically analyzed.

Results:

Seventy dengue cases were included - 59 cases of DF with warning signs and 11 cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). 85.7% of study population presented at febrile phase of their illness. Bedside USG was correlated with hematocrit on day 2 of admission. IVC was collapsible in 79.7% cases of DF and 90.9% cases of DHF. Of the 47 DF cases with collapsible IVC, 95.7% had high hematocrit, while all DHF cases with collapsible IVC had high hematocrit. A significant association between IVC collapsibility and hematocrit was noted (P = 0.000).

Conclusion:

The assessment of intravascular volume status by bedside USG-IVC collapsibility is a helpful noninvasive and better tool than hematocrit for determining fluid resuscitation in DF.
Knowledge and attitude toward formative assessment among teaching faculties of medical institutions
Authors: Thangaraj Prabha , Sethuraman Dhivya , Ramalingam Rajalakshmi
Published: April 2024

Competency-based medical education was introduced in 2019 with major changes in medical education. One of the main focuses was implementing formative assessment (FA) with feedback for better learning outcomes. There is a paucity of data on the understanding of FA among medical faculties. The present study aims to assess the knowledge and attitude toward FA among medical teachers. A cross-sectional study was done among 108 teaching faculties of medical colleges across Tamil Nadu. A structured questionnaire was used with good construct reliability on knowledge and attitude with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.78 and 0.91, respectively. The study reported that 44.5% had adequate knowledge of FA, whereas 55.6% had a positive attitude toward FA. A common misconception on FA is that it is conducted only for theory sessions, its role in determining pass or fail; it benefits only the poor learners and cannot be applied in large group teaching. The majority showed a positive attitude toward FA that it will improve the learning outcomes of students and giving feedback will motivate them to perform better. They were also willing to receive feedback on their teaching skills. The study has identified gaps in knowledge of FA which can be rectified through medical education workshops.
Research on Optimization of Power Battery Recycling Logistics Network
Authors: Zhao Yanlin , Wu Yuliang
Published: April 2024

With the popularity and development of electric vehicles, the demand for power batteries has increased significantly. Power battery recycling requires a complex and efficient logistics network to ensure that used batteries can be safely and cost-effectively transported to recycling centers and properly processed. This paper constructs a dual-objective mathematical model that minimizes the number of recycling centers and minimizes the logistics cost from the service center to the recycling center, and designs the power battery disassembly and recycling process and the recycling logistics network, and finally uses a genetic algorithm to solve it. Finally, this article takes STZF Company as an example to verify the effectiveness of this method. The verification results show that the logistics intensity of the optimized power battery recycling logistics network has been reduced by 36.2%. The method proposed in this article can provide certain reference for power battery recycling logistics network planning.
Quasi-plurisubharmonic envelopes 1: uniform estimates on Kähler manifolds
Authors: Guedj Vincent , Lu Chinh H.
Published: April 2024

We develop a new approach to a priori

L^{\infty}

-estimates for degenerate complex Monge–Ampère equations on complex manifolds. It only relies on compactness and envelopes properties of quasi-plurisubharmonic functions. Our method allows one to obtain new and efficient proofs of several fundamental results in Kähler geometry. In a sequel we shall explain how this approach also applies to the hermitian setting, producing new relative a priori bounds, as well as existence results.
Задача С. Р. Насырова о приближении наипростейшими дробями на отрезке
Authors: Borodin Petr Anatolevich , Ershov A M
Published: April 2024

В 2014 г. С. Р. Насыров задал вопрос: верно ли, что наипростейшие дроби (логарифмические производные комплексных многочленов) с полюсами на единичной окружности плотны в комплексном пространстве $L_2[-1,1]$? В 2019 г. М. А. Комаров ответил на этот вопрос отрицательно. В работе приводится простое решение задачи Насырова, отличное от решения Комарова. Получены результаты, связанные со следующими обобщающими вопросами: (а) о плотности наипростейших дробей с полюсами на единичной окружности в весовых пространствах Лебега на $[-1,1]$; (б) о плотности в $L_2[-1,1]$ наипростейших дробей с полюсами на границе заданной области, для которой отрезок $[-1,1]$ является внутренней хордой.
Библиография: 11 названий.
Computing with Infinite Objects: the Gray Code Case
Authors: Spreen Dieter , Berger Ulrich
Published: April 2024

Infinite Gray code has been introduced by Tsuiki as a redundancy-free
representation of the reals. In applications the signed digit representation is
mostly used which has maximal redundancy. Tsuiki presented a functional program
converting signed digit code into infinite Gray code. Moreover, he showed that
infinite Gray code can effectively be converted into signed digit code, but the
program needs to have some non-deterministic features (see also H. Tsuiki, K.
Sugihara, "Streams with a bottom in functional languages"). Berger and Tsuiki
reproved the result in a system of formal first-order intuitionistic logic
extended by inductive and co-inductive definitions, as well as some new logical
connectives capturing concurrent behaviour. The programs extracted from the
proofs are exactly the ones given by Tsuiki. In order to do so, co-inductive
predicates $\bS$ and $\bG$ are defined and the inclusion $\bS \subseteq \bG$ is
derived. For the converse inclusion the new logical connectives are used to
introduce a concurrent version $\S_{2}$ of $S$ and $\bG \subseteq \bS_{2}$ is
shown. What one is looking for, however, is an equivalence proof of the
involved concepts. One of the main aims of the present paper is to close the
gap. A concurrent version $\bG^{*}$ of $\bG$ and a modification $\bS^{*}$ of
$\bS_{2}$ are presented such that $\bS^{*} = \bG^{*}$. A crucial tool in U.
Berger, H. Tsuiki, "Intuitionistic fixed point logic" is a formulation of the
Archimedean property of the real numbers as an induction principle. We
introduce a concurrent version of this principle which allows us to prove that
$\bS^{*}$ and $\bG^{*}$ coincide. A further central contribution is the
extension of the above results to the hyperspace of non-empty compact subsets
of the reals.
How Do We Craft Autoethnography? A Modest Review
Authors: Dahal Niroj
Published: April 2024

I am writing this review as an essential reading for readers and writers of the book—Crafting Autoethnography: Processes and Practices of Making Self and Culture, edited by Jackie Goode, Karen Lumsden, and Jan Bradford, which explores the art of crafting autoethnography (Goode et al., 2023). As a novice autoethnographer, I have grappled with challenges and explored borders while shaping my narrative as a self-narrator of autoethnographic writing. So, in this review, I have attempted to engage readers by offering the invitation, encouraging initial reading as entry to the book, subsequent re-entry, and eventual exit as my evaluation of the book. This book resonates with me, emphasizing the significance of writing our lives and stories, developing self-awareness through performative, philosophical, and artistic writing, and shaping our identity—advocacy and transformation. Through diverse perspectives—from sociology to the visual arts—the contributors of the book illuminate their processes, inviting novice and veteran autoethnographers to write to explore the intricate craft of autoethnography.
General Assessment On The Taxation Of Social Media Phenomena İn Turkey Within The Framework Of Recent Legislative Amendments
Authors: Yurttakal Caner , Yıldız Seyfi
Published: April 2024

The rapid and continuous development of information and communication technologies has brought about many changes and innovations in people's lives. Although technology is developing very rapidly in every field, it can be said that the most important change is in communication and communication devices with the effect of the internet. The desktop phones used in the past have been replaced by mobile phones, and thanks to the developing technology, it has become possible to perform many functions such as sending and receiving e-mails, watching television, listening to music, shooting videos, and using social media through these smart devices by using the internet on mobile phones, and it has become a part of daily life. These developments in communication and communication devices have led to the emergence of various social media platforms. Along with the digital economy, the fact that social media platforms are visited by countless people every day has made these platforms an important center both for individuals to show their individual abilities and for businesses to promote their products. In this context, in this study, firstly, the concepts of social media and social media platforms are explained, and then the taxation of social media influencers who generate income by producing content on these platforms within the framework of their individual abilities or by promoting the products of businesses is evaluated and discussed within the framework of the latest legal regulations.
Dificuldades de inclusão digital na educação no cenário da pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: Da Cruz Cleide Ane Barbosa , Santos Nascimento Bruno , Aliberte de Andrade Machado Antonio , Andrade Monteiro Menezes Sandro , Luiz Santos Robson
Published: April 2024

A pesquisa tem como objetivo apresentar uma análise bibliométrica de publicações sobre as dificuldades de inclusão digital na educação no cenário da pandemia da covid-19. A metodologia corresponde a uma pesquisa exploratória quantitativa que realizou uma análise bibliométrica na base da Scopus utilizando as palavras-chave: digital inclusion and education and pandemic. Os resultados indicaram Estados Unidos e Espanha são os países que mais produziram sobre o tema, sendo que 2022 tem o maior número de produções. No entanto, ao analisar alguns dos artigos de acesso aberto na base Scopus mostrou as dificuldades de inclusão digital devido à crise pandémica, para garantir que escolas e instituições de ensino continuassem suas atividades. Porém, notou-se também as limitações das tecnologias digitais, visto que nem todos tinham a estrutura necessária para adentrar num espaço virtual. Dessa forma, entende-se o quanto a pandemia impactou significativamente na exclusão digital e o que é necessário criar estratégias que aproximem alunos e professores a tecnologias digitais.
Colectomia parcial em transição de cólon transverso e descendente com anastomose primária término-terminal como conduta em tumor de cólon esquerdo
Authors: Verri Letícia Ettore , Ribeiro de Souza Fernanda , Mendonça Bastos Lopes Jullia , Parrine Peixoto Judson
Published: April 2024

O câncer colorretal tem aumentado gradativamente sua incidência, resultando numa mortalidade de aproximadamente 9% segundo o INCA. Devido tais padrões epidemiológicos, indica-se rastreamento em indivíduos entre 50 e 75 anos. O presente relato está sob o escopo do “Projeto de Educação no Trabalho para a Saúde do Centro Universitário de Volta Redonda - PET-UniFOA”, registrado no CAAE sob o número 30457714.1.0000.5237.” Esse caso versa sobre um paciente, masculino, 61 anos, casado, tabagista, que buscou atendimento hospitalar com dor abdominal associada à distensão. Após resultado de tomografia computadorizada apresentando massa em colón transverso e descendente, acompanhada do quadro de suboclusão intestinal, definiu-se conduta de urgência: colectomia parcial em transição de cólon transverso e descendente com anastomose término-terminal (T-T) primária. Pós-operatório sem intercorrências, sendo indicado acompanhamento ambulatorial com Cirurgia Geral até resultado anatomopatológico. Segundo literatura atual, a conduta indicada corresponde com algoritmo terapêutico preconizado para o quadro do paciente, corroborando sua eficácia.
Deiscência de sutura cutânea próximo a bolsa de colostomia pós operação de Hartmann devido diverticulite complicada
Authors: Sanchez Tanaka Yuri Affonso Nobori , Corbella Neves Almeida Natalia , DE CASTRO JUNIOR ANTONIO CARLOS , SOUZA CRUZ DE OLIVEIRA PAULA
Published: April 2024

A deiscência de ferida operatória é uma complicação que pode acometer pacientes durante o pós-operatório, implicando substancialmente na percepção do paciente e em sua qualidade de vida. Paciente, sexo feminino, 48 anos, com história de dor abdominal em quadrante inferior do abdome, com exame físico e tomografia de abdome sugerindo diverticulite aguda complicada, Hinchey III, submetida a operação de Hartmann e que posteriormente evoluiu com deiscência de sutura próximo a bolsa de colostomia. Foi optado por tratamento conservador e a paciente vem apresentando boa evolução, ainda em seguimento médico e com estomatoterapia.
Derrame pleural como complicação de pneumonia em paciente pediátrico
Authors: Moraes Dias Pereira Luiza , Mendes de Azevedo Millena , Inácio Filho Amaro Ronaldo
Published: April 2024

A pneumonia adquirida na comunidade é a inflamação do parênquima pulmonar, podendo ser de causa não infecciosa ou infecciosa, nessa última a etiologia viral é a mais prevalente na faixa etária dos menores de cinco anos, seguida de origem bacteriana, destacando-se o Streptococcus pneumoniae. Essa patologia pode resultar em complicações como derrames parapneumônicos, pneumonia necrosante e abscesso pulmonar. O objetivo do estudo é contribuir para o manejo clínico dos pacientes pediátricos acometidos pela pneumonia complicada, através das recentes publicações na literatura, associado a um relato de caso. O diagnóstico é clínico, sendo em alguns casos necessário a realização da radiografia de tórax. O tratamento pneumonia bacteriana é feito com antibioticoterapia e a escolha varia de acordo com o agente etiológico e complicações.
Agenesia renal: uma malformação congênita detectável na gestação
Authors: DE AMORIM NATALIA , Pinton Ana Carolina
Published: April 2024

Entre as malformações congênitas (MFC) do trato urinário encontra-se a agenesia renal (AR), nome atribuído a ausência congênita de tecido parenquimatoso renal. A AR unilateral ocorre em um a cada mil nascidos correspondendo a um achado que pode cursar desde a forma assintomática e sem muitas repercussões clínicas, quando acontece isoladamente, até casos sintomáticos chegando à morte. Em cerca de 10% dos casos essa agenesia pode vir acompanhada de agenesia da glândula adrenal com ausência conjunta da artéria e veia renal associada. O relato de caso descrito neste artigo descreve a paciente portadora de um cordão umbilical com apenas uma veia e uma artéria, decorrente de uma agenesia primária que pode ser diagnosticada de forma isolada ou acompanhadas de outras malformações. Na gestação é importante realização da ultrassonografia morfológica e, quando suspeitado de alguma malformação fetal, deve ser acompanhada garantindo o melhor plano de conduta terapêutica nos casos necessários.
Gestação Gemelar Diamniótica-dicoriônica de Paciente em Hemodiálise
Authors: Domingues de Souza Filho Kleber , De Oliveira Marcela Leone Pereira , De Castro Sant’Anna Mariana , Monteiro Pessoa Paulo Eugênio
Published: April 2024

RESUMO

Paciente de 25 anos, sexo feminino, Gesta II Para 0 Aborto I, idade gestacional de 12 semanas de acordo com o primeiro ultrassom, foi encaminhada por sua nefrologista ao Hospital São João Batista no dia 19/05/2022 devido a sintomas de anemia importante. A gestante está em acompanhamento no pré-natal de alto risco devido à gestação gemelar diamniótica-dicoriônica, doença renal crônica dialítica e hipertensão arterial sistêmica crônica. Após o tratamento da anemia e infecção do trato urinário com resolução dos sintomas e melhora dos exames laboratoriais, a paciente recebeu alta hospitalar com prescrição mantendo a hemodiálise e o uso da alfametildopa e eritropoetina com a mesma posologia.

ABSTRACT / RESUMEN

A 25-year-old female patient, Gesta II Para 0 Abortion I, gestational age of 12 weeks according to the first ultrasound, was referred by her nephrologist to Hospital São João Batista on 05/19/2022 due to symptoms of significant anemia. The pregnant woman is undergoing high-risk prenatal care due to diamniotic-dichorionic twin pregnancy, dialysis chronic kidney disease and chronic systemic arterial hypertension. After the treatment of anemia and urinary tract infection with resolution of symptoms and improvement of laboratory tests, the patient was discharged from hospital with a prescription, maintaining hemodialysis and the use of alpha-methyldopa and erythropoietin with the same dosage.
Fístula Retovaginal
Authors: Soares Gabriel de Queiroz , Camargo de Jesus Eliane , Lacerda da Silva Ian Victor , Faria Sarmento Leonardo
Published: April 2024

As fístulas retovaginais são comunicações anormais entre o reto e a vagina. Os fatores predisponentes consistem em trauma (principalmente resultantes de cirurgias obstétricas), doença inflamatória intestinal, tumor e história prévia de irradiação em pélvica. Múltiplos procedimentos cirúrgicos são descritos para diminuir o tratamento e taxa de sucesso a cada tentativa de reparo adicional. A presença de inflamação, inflamação e tecido cicatricial local torna a escolha do reparo diagnóstico no tratamento das fístulas retovaginais e está relacionado à falha de procedimentos cirúrgicos subsequentes. A correção através da interposição de tecidos autólogos parece mais promissórias por melhores condições de tecidos vascularizados e melhores correções para a cicatrização local e do defeito. O manejo das fístulas retovaginais continua a ser um desafio. Independentemente das opções combinadas, a taxa de falha e a taxa de repetição são elevadas.
Investigação de Síndrome de West em paciente do Hospital Municipal Dr. Munir Rafful
Authors: Brito Thales Victor Figueiredo , Gonçalves Santana Davi , Sudré Lacerda Gabriela , Vieira Cury Inácio Bruno
Published: April 2024

A síndrome de West é um encefalopatia epiléptica caracterizada pela tríade: espasmos infantis, hipsiarritmia no eletroencefalograma e atraso no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor. Este artigo buscou relatar o processo de investigação diagnóstica dessa síndrome em um lactente internado no Hospital Municipal Munir Rafful em Volta Redonda - RJ. Utilizou-se dados obtidos em prontuários eletrônicos e artigos encontrados na plataforma PubMed por meio do descritor Síndrome de West. Na admissão, o paciente apresentava espasmos infantis, atraso no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor e eletroencefalograma prévio inconclusivo. Durante a internação, foi realizado um novo exame diagnóstico que comprovou a presença de hipsiarritmia, confirmando a suspeita diagnóstica.
Trombo “em sela” em um caso de tromboembolismo pulmonar
Authors: De Oliveira Marcela Leone Pereira , Preste Sant'anna Wans Alexandre , Monteiro Pessoa Paulo Eugênio , De Castro Sant'Anna Mariana
Published: April 2024

O tromboembolismo pulmonar (TEP) é definido como a obstrução de uma ou mais artérias pulmonares. Uma de suas manifestações é o TEP "em sela", descrito como o trombo localizado no ramo principal ou na bifurcação da artéria pulmonar. Por ser prevalente e ter um alto risco de mortalidade, é importante a análise e discussão sobre essa patologia. Paciente do sexo feminino, 48 anos, branca, foi encaminhada ao pronto-socorro por seu angiologista,devido ao relato de taquicardia e dispneia há cerca de sete dias. A angio-TC realizada no dia da admissão hospitalar demonstrou trombo "em sela". Após a realização da trombólise houve estabilização hemodinâmica. A paciente recebeu alta hospitalar no sexto dia de internação sendo orientada a continuar o uso do rivaroxabana e com encaminhamento para o ambulatório de pneumologia.
Mediastinite
Authors: Limonge de Oliveira Monteiro Thalis , EDUARDO ALVES GIRANDA  , THEO RAMALHO MORAIS  , ANA CAROLINA WERNECK DE BARROS  , GLENDA MIRELA FERREIRA SOUTO  , BRUNO JOSÉ MARTINI SANTOS
Published: April 2024

A mediastinite é um processo inflamatório e/ou infeccioso do tecido conjuntivo do mediastino, causada principalmente por perfuração do esôfago, infecções pós-operatória, infecção da glândula parótida, e pode ser oriunda de afecções da cavidade oral e seus anexos como neste relato. A microbiota é mista e composta habitualmente por Staphylococcus sp, Streptococcus sp, Bacteroides sp, Fusobacterium sp, Peptostreptococcus sp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. O objetivo deste artigo é relatar um caso clínico de mediastinite em um paciente do gênero masculino, descrevendo aspectos clínicos e cirúrgicos além do tratamento.
Comunicação Interventricular (CIV) moderada, sem intervenção cirúrgica, num adolescente
Authors: Almeida Thiago , Ferreira Cortez Igor , MEIRELLES DE SOUZA CAIO , Correia Amorim Casal Maria de Fátima , Rodrigues Costa Luciano
Published: April 2024

Dentre as cardiopatias congênitas, a Comunicação Interventricular (CIV) é a mais prevalente, a qual origina-se de uma falha durante o processo de divisão e formação das câmaras e septos cardíacos. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo relatar o caso de uma adolescente de 12 anos, portadora de CIV atendida no ambulatório de cardiopediatria do Hospital Dr Munir Rafful, localizado na cidade de Volta Redonda, estado do Rio de Janeiro. Na consulta, a paciente apresentava queixa de fadiga e dispneia aos pequenos esforços. Ao exame físico, observou-se um sopro +5/+6 com presença de frêmito. Quando investigado a História de Patologias pregressas, descobriu-se um diagnóstico prévio de Comunicação Interventricular (CIV) sem segmento cirúrgico durante a infância. Durante o acompanhamento da adolescente com o Cardiopediatria, foram prescritos Enalapril 5 mg/ dia furosemida 20 mg/ dia e solicitado Ecocardiograma para avaliação e comparação com exames prévios.
O Que Você Precisa Saber Sobre Transtornos Alimentares e Não Aprendeu Na Faculdade
Authors: Valentim Vale Lara , Damato Bemfeito Barroso Laura , Coutinho de Melo e Cruz Maria Júlia , José de Paula da Silva Willian , De Faria Nicolau Orlando Joelma , Moreira de Oliveira Jussara , Schächter Guidoreni Angela
Published: April 2024

Os transtornos alimentares são um tipo de adoecimento psíquico que traz consequências tanto físicas quanto mentais, sendo a sua maior prevalência entre os adolescentes e jovens, constituindo-se em um grave problema de saúde pública. Além disso seu tratamento necessita de profissionais qualificados e que saibam trabalhar em um contexto interprofissional, algo que se mostra extremamente desafiador. Diante disso, este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a formação dos estudantes universitários na área da saúde em relação aos transtornos alimentares, buscando entender a raiz do problema que leva os profissionais de saúde a não estarem preparados para tratar os portadores desses transtornos. Para este estudo, foram analisadas a matriz curricular de X instituições de ensino superior no estado do Rio de Janeiro, tanto privadas como públicas e que oferecem pelo menos duas graduações na área da saúde. Além disso, o estudo envolveu a criação de gráficos e revisão da literatura existente, explorando também a importância da abordagem interdisciplinar no tema.