bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estandarización de Procedimientos Técnicos y Sanitarios para Optimizar la Producción de Pulpa de Euterpe precatoria
Authors: Choque Ronald Williams Bautista , Romero Flora Magdaline Benitez
Published: February 2025

Este artículo aborda los Procedimientos Técnicos y Sanitarios en la Producción de Pulpa de asaí (Euterpe precatoria) para Mejorar la Calidad Nutricional y Sensorial del asaí. Mediante la presente revisión, se ha demostrado la importancia de implementar un conjunto estandarizado de procedimientos técnicos y sanitarios, detallados en el flujograma de procesos. La adopción de estas prácticas optimizadas garantiza la preservación de las cualidades nutricionales y sensoriales de la pulpa, asegurando que los consumidores reciban un producto de alta calidad. La estandarización del proceso no solo mejora la eficiencia de producción y reduce la variabilidad en la calidad del producto final, sino que también establece un modelo replicable que podría adaptarse a diferentes contextos de producción de frutas similares. Implementar estas mejores prácticas promueve la sostenibilidad del sector, fomenta el desarrollo económico de las comunidades locales y facilita la penetración de la pulpa de asaí boliviano en mercados internacionales, aumentando su competitividad global. Este enfoque sistemático hacia la estandarización es esencial para responder a las exigencias crecientes de los consumidores y para asegurar el futuro a largo plazo de la industria del asaí.
Prerequisites for the Formation of a Noosociety in the EAEU
Authors:   Ural Institute of Management, a branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Smetanina V.E. , Kupreychik S.D. ,   Ural Institute of Management, a branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Pavlova A.P. ,   Ural Institute of Management, a branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Usova N.V. ,   Ural Institute of Management, a branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: February 2025

The article examines the significance of innovative development and digitalization for the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) in the context of global competition. According to the authors, the future lies in the “noosociety”, where knowledge and intellectual resources play a crucial role in socio-economic development. The focus is on the advancement of knowledge-intensive technologies, modernization of production, and the implementation of artificial intelligence. The concept of “noorationality” is considered to be a foundation for a sustainable and intellectually-oriented society, aimed at social and environmental values. The study presents a set of indicators for assessing the current state of the EAEU countries in terms of the transition to a new stage of development. Additionally, the project of creating a unified digital space within the EAEU is discussed, which facilitates the reduction of trade barriers and enhances the region’s competitiveness. The article identifies key areas of digitalization, including management transformation, infrastructure development, and legal regulation. The authors conclude that the collaborative efforts of EAEU countries and the private sector would form the basis for an effective digital transformation, strengthening economic ties and building a sustainable society.
Noonomy and its Role in Resolving the Issues of Modernity: Theoretical Aspects and Practice of Managing Social and Economic Development
Authors:   Free Economic Society of Russia, Bodrunov S.D.
Published: February 2025

The modern world system of economic reproductive practice continues to function in a state of general economization of social life, in which the key role is given to the institution of private property, as well as reaping economic benefits at any cost. As a result, the policy of displacing public interests in favor of the economic intentions of the minority continues. The economic ideology of “growth for the sake of growth”, based on the principles of market fundamentalism and human’s predatory attitude to the resources of the biocenosis, provokes a series of problems and contradictions, which on a planetary scale threaten to turn into a phase of irreversible processes.
Balanced harmonious development of humanity (at first approximation) seems possible as the modern world economic system transitions to a new industrial society of the second generation (NIS.2), and then to the space of noonomy as a fundamentally non-economic way of satisfying public needs.
Integration of Production, Science and Education: USUE Experience
Authors:   Ural State University of Economics, Dvoryadkina Е.B. , Dobrenky D.O. ,   Ural State University of Economics, Kazantsev D.S. ,   Ural State University of Economics, Lyubimova I.R. ,   Ural State University of Economics
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the integration of production, science and education as a key factor for innovative development of the economy. The theoretical aspects of noonomy, the role of universities in the development process, as well as the practical experience of the Ural State University of Economics are considered. The authors focus on the strategy of interaction between the university and industrial and educational partners, aimed at the formation of competences necessary for successful socio-economic development. The paper emphasizes the importance of a systemic approach to improving competitiveness and adaptation process to the present challenges.
Sharing Relations as a Factor of Noonomy Development in the Russian Federation
Authors:   Ural State University of Economics, Ermakova V.A. , Zvereva V.V. ,   Ural State University of Economics, Titovets A.Y. ,   Ural State University of Economics
Published: February 2025

The article focuses on theoretical aspects of noonomy, nooneeds and sharing relations. The authors have established the interrelation between noonomy and sharing relations. The article presents the most common types of sharing relations: carsharing, kicksharing and foodsharing. For each of the highlighted types of sharing the authors have specified the key features and issues, as well as estimated some forecast values. As a result of the study, the main limitations that slow down the spread of noonomy through shearing relations are identified, and measures that will promote development are presented.
The Influence of Good Corporate Governance and Financial Performance on Financial Distress During a Pandemic
Authors: SUHARMADI Suharmadi , SURIPTO Suripto
Published: February 2025

This study aims to know the influence of good corporate governance consisting of managing ownership and board of directors and financial performance consisting of profitability ratio and leverage ratio against financial distress on retail companies listed onthe Indonesian stock exchange in 2019-2021. The data collection technique in this study is secondary data. Sampling in this study uses the method of purposive sampling. There are 32 retail companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange and 26 companies that meet the criteria were obtained, so in 3 years of research 78 data were obtained to be used as research samples. This research was done with the help of the data processing software SPSS (Statistical Package For Social Science) version 26. The method of analysis used is logistic regression analysis. The results of this study prove that managerial ownership (MNJR) has negative effect and not significant on financial distress, the Board of Directors has negative effect and significant on financial distress. Profitability Ratio (ROA) has negative effect but not significant on financial distress. While the leverage ratio (DAR) has positive effect significant on financial distress in retail companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2019 – 2021.
Patrones espaciales de la criminalidad en Ecuador: analizando el impacto de los sistemas judiciales y elementos geográficos
Authors: Guevara Carolina , Flores Miguel , Llumiquinga Michelle , Tulcán Melany
Published: February 2025

Este estudio investiga los patrones espaciales del crimen en Ecuador y sus factores asociados, enfatizando el rol del sistema judicial. Utilizando datos de 218 cantones entre 2015 y 2021, se realiza un análisis exploratorio de datos espaciales y consecuentemente se estiman modelos econométricos espaciales con datos de sección transversal y panel de datos. Nuestro análisis reveló clústeres espaciales tanto de altas tasas de criminalidad como de bajas tasas de criminalidad, así como áreas aisladas (islas de crimen) de criminalidad y áreas aisladas de seguridad (islas de no crimen). Los hallazgos ofrecen una visión detallada de la situación del crimen en Ecuador y enfatizan en la importancia de los elementos geográﬁcos en la formulación de medidas efectivas de prevención del crimen. La investigación también identiﬁcó cambios en la dinámica del crimen a lo largo del tiempo, e indica que los cantones que experimentan típicamente tasas bajas de criminalidad pueden pasar a ser áreas de mayor criminalidad, lo que sugiere un efecto de contagio dentro de los clústeres espaciales. El estudio subraya, además, la inﬂuencia del sistema judicial en la prevalencia del crimen, donde las ineﬁciencias sistémicas como el atraso en los casos y una alta proporción de reclusos sin sentencia se asocian con el aumento del crimen. Para los hacedores de políticas públicas, estos resultados subrayan la necesidad de adaptar las intervenciones a los contextos y dinámicas especíﬁcas de cada región, considerando tanto las condiciones locales como el entorno delictivo que lo rodea.
Transformasi Digital UMKM: Peran Expert System dalam Meningkatkan Daya Saing
Authors: Melinda Linda Daniati
Published: February 2025

Makalah Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) memiliki peran krusial dalam perekonomian Indonesia. Namun, persaingan global dan digitalisasi yang semakin pesat menuntut UMKM untuk bertransformasi guna meningkatkan daya saing mereka. Penelitian ini menganalisis penerapan sistem pakar dalam proses transformasi digital UMKM dan bagaimana teknologi ini dapat meningkatkan efisiensi operasional serta pengambilan keputusan bisnis. Menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus, penelitian ini mengumpulkan data melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan dokumentasi dari berbagai UMKM yang telah mengadopsi sistem pakar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem pakar mampu meningkatkan efisiensi manajemen stok, mempercepat proses pengambilan keputusan, serta meningkatkan kualitas layanan pelanggan melalui otomatisasi. Namun, tantangan seperti keterbatasan literasi digital, infrastruktur yang belum memadai, dan biaya implementasi masih menjadi kendala utama dalam adopsi sistem pakar oleh UMKM. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan dukungan kebijakan, edukasi digital, serta kolaborasi dengan penyedia teknologi agar UMKM dapat lebih optimal dalam memanfaatkan sistem pakar untuk meningkatkan daya saingnya di era digital.
A Method for Estimating X-Ray Pulsar Period and Pulse Time Delay: Applying the Improved

Z

n
,
bin

2

-test to Complex Profiles
Authors: Xie 解 T. H. 天昊 , Zhang 张 W. J. 文佳 , Li 李 J. R. 君儒 , Hao 郝 Y. 元 , Cui 崔 P. L. 培玲 , Ning 宁 X. L. 晓琳 , Ma 马 X. 辛
Published: February 2025

In order to apply the Z
2 statistic to the estimation of the navigation pulsar period and time delay, and thus further improve the accuracy of X-ray pulsar navigation, this paper proposes a method for estimating the pulsar period and time delay with complex profiles based on the improved

Z

n
,
bin

2

-test. Based on the prior information of the amount of photon data in the observation task, this method adaptively determines the optimal harmonic truncation order under different data qualities. In order to solve the problem of the change rate of complex profile signals being too fast, the binned data is rephased according to the principle of equal photon intensity segmentation within the bin, and the optimal number of bins suitable for the PSR B0531+21 pulsar is selected. Through simulation, a quantitative analysis was conducted on factors that affect the performance of the estimation algorithm, such as observation time, detector area, noise interference, etc. Simulation results show that the proposed estimation method has greater advantages when the observation time is short, the detector area is small, and the interference noise is large. In addition, the observation data of the PSR B0531+21 pulsar is processed and analyzed. The period estimation accuracy of the method proposed is 3.6532 ns, which is 39.57% higher than that of the χ
2-test method. The method we proposed has the advantages of being suitable for navigation pulsars, strong environmental adaptability, high estimation accuracy, and strong estimation stability, which can further improve the performance of X-ray pulsar navigation.
Estimating the Black Hole Spin for the X-Ray Binary MAXI J1727-203 Based on Insight-HXMT
Authors: Zhu Haifan , Wang Wei
Published: February 2025

We constrain the spin of the black hole candidate MAXI J1727-203 using Insight-HXMT data. Due to limited Insight-HXMT observations covering only part of the outburst, NICER data were used to analyze the full outburst’s state transitions; we identified two of three HXMT observations in the high soft state and applied the continuum-fitting method to measure the spin. Based on previous estimates and continuum spectral fittings, we explored the parameter space and found that the best-fitting values were (D, i, M) ≈ (6 kpc, 30°, 12 M
⊙). We also tested the variation of these parameters using Monte Carlo simulations, sampling over 3000 sets within the parameter ranges 5.9 kpc < D < 7 kpc, 24° < i < 35°, and 10 M
⊙ < M < 14 M
⊙, yielding a spin measurement of

a
=
0.3

4

−
0.19

+
0.15

(1σ). In addition, we analyzed NuSTAR data in the low hard state and found a good fit with the tbabs∗(diskbb+powerlaw) model, with no significant iron line features observed in the residuals; therefore, the previous reflection model results suggesting an extremely high spin overestimates the black hole spin.
Influence of Modeling Assumptions on the Inferred Dynamical State of Resonant Systems: A Case Study of the HD 45364 System
Authors: Chow Ian , Hadden Sam
Published: February 2025

Planetary systems exhibiting mean motion resonances (MMRs) offer unique opportunities to study the imprint of disk-induced migration on the orbital architectures of planetary systems. The HD 45364 system, discovered via the radial velocity (RV) method to host two giant planets in a 3:2 MMR, has been the subject of several studies attempting to reconstruct the system’s orbital migration history based on its present-day resonant configuration. Recently, Z. Li et al. called into question the system’s residence in the 3:2 MMR based on a revised orbital solution derived from an expanded set of RV observations that extend the time baseline of the original discovery data by over a decade. However, we show that inferences about the planets’ dynamical state with respect to the 3:2 MMR are sensitive to the particular prior assumptions adopted in the orbital modeling. Using N-body dynamical models, we show that orbital solutions constrained to reside deep in the 3:2 MMR fit the RV data with a similar quality to unconstrained orbital solutions. We conclude that the RV observations of HD 45364 are consistent with orbital configurations produced by smooth migration and resonance capture. We further show that past convergent orbital migration can reproduce the system’s present-day orbital configuration provided that the ratio of migration to eccentricity damping timescales, K, was in the range 11 ≲ K ≲ 144. We also find that dynamical interactions in the system can break the usual mass–inclination degeneracy inherent to Keplerian models of RV observations and constrain the planets’ absolute masses to within a factor of ∼1.5.
Energetic Transients Joint Analysis System for Multi-INstrument (ETJASMIN) for GECAM. II. Search, Verification, and Classification of Bursts
Authors: Cai Ce , Zhang Yan-Qiu , Xiong Shao-Lin , Zhang Jin-Peng , Wang Ping , Zheng Shi-Jie , Xiao Shuo , Yi Qi-Bin , Zhao Yi , Guo Hao-Xuan , Xie Sheng-Lun , Xue Wang-Chen , Zheng Chao , Liu Jia-Cong , Wang Chen-Wei , Tan Wen-Jun , Wang Yue , Feng Pei-Yi , Yu Zheng-Hang , Zhang Peng , Zhang Yan-Ting , Zhang Wen-Long , Zhao Xiao-Yun , Zhang Zhen , Ma Xiang , Huang Yue , Li Xiao-Bo , Li Cheng-Kui , Ge Ming-Yu , Yi Shu-Xu , Zhao Hai-Sheng , Wang Jin , Li Bing , Song Li-Ming , Tao Lian , Zhang Shu , Zhang Shuang-Nan
Published: February 2025

The Gravitational Wave High-energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All-sky Monitor (GECAM) is a dedicated mission consisting of multiple instruments on different spacecraft to monitor gamma-ray transients. To meet the requirement of GECAM, we developed the Energetic Transients Joint Analysis System for Multi-INstrument (ETJASMIN) pipeline, which has been extended to incorporate other instruments (such as Fermi-GBM, SVOM/GRM). In this work, we introduce the ETJASMIN pipeline with focus on the search, verification, and classification of gamma-ray transients (especially weak bursts) using data from GECAM-B, GECAM-C, and Fermi-GBM. For this pipeline, we implement a coherent algorithm to search for simultaneous signals in the light curves of multiple instruments, conduct a series of Monte Carlo simulations, and validate the pipeline performance with in-flight observation data. The results demonstrate that ETJASMIN can yield not only higher significance of burst search but also more reliable verification and classification of bursts jointly with multiple instruments compared to those derived with an individual instrument. Thus, ETJASMIN is particularly suitable for the exploitation of gamma-ray transients associated with multimessenger multiwavelength sources.
Predation of Ambystoma altamirani (Caudata, Ambystomatidae) by Thamnophis scaliger (Squamata, Colubridae) and Crotalus triseriatus (Squamata, Viperidae) in Nevado de Toluca Volcano, Central Mexico
Authors: Sunny Armando , Heredia-Bobadilla Rosa Laura , Domínguez-Vega Hublester , Sandoval-Serés Elisa , Gómez-Ortiz Yuriana , Caballero-Viñas Carmen
Published: February 2025

This study reports two notable predation events involving Thamnophis scaliger (Jan 1863) and Crotalus triseriatus (Wagler 1830), which target Ambystoma altamirani (Dugès 1895), a critically endangered salamander species endemic to high-altitude streams in central Mexico. In the first event, T. scaliger was observed to capture and consume A. altamirani by removing the salamander from its aquatic habitat and consuming it on land – a behavior that underscores the adaptability of the snake to handling aquatic prey. In the second instance, C. triseriatus exhibited attempted predation in a montane stream, swimming in pursuit of the salamander but ultimately failing to capture it. These observations provide critical insights into predator–prey dynamics in montane ecosystems, highlighting the ecological pressures faced by A. altamirani. Furthermore, the documentation of these events expands our understanding of the feeding behaviors of T. scaliger and C. triseriatus, emphasizing their potential impact on vulnerable amphibian populations. This study underscores the necessity of further ecological research to assess the frequency and ecological consequences of such interactions, as well as their implications for the conservation of endangered amphibians in high-altitude habitats.
Indigenous and Transformative Paradigms
Authors: Mertens Donna Marie
Published: February 2025

The Indigenous paradigm provides a framework to guide methodological decisions through its axiological, ontological, and epistemological assumptions. This paradigm should be prioritized in research conducted in Indigenous communities because it encompasses beliefs related to spiritual connectedness and decolonization that are not found in other research paradigms. Its permeable borders are illustrated by an example of an Indigenous/transformative study from Africa that puts the Indigenous and transformative paradigms in conversation with each other to advance justice.
Dismantling the Eurocentric Cognitive Empire and Re-Centering African Knowledges in Pursuit of Cognitive Justice in the 21st Century
Authors: Lehasa Moloi
Published: February 2025

This chapter provides a theoretical study through exploring the concept of cognitive empire alongside Afrocentricity, highlighting how the European construction of the modern world system has perpetuated a triumphalist narrative. Since the 15th century, Europe has systematically undermined African intellectual traditions, disrupting Indigenous cognitive processes and facilitating conquest. This historical trajectory has led to the dominance of European epistemologies while marginalising non-European contributions. In response, decolonial movements in Africa aim to reclaim oppressed humanity and challenge the moral decline associated with Eurocentric paradigms. The chapter argues that Indigenous knowledge systems are crucial for envisioning alternatives to Western-centric views and advocating for cognitive justice. Ultimately, it positions Afrocentricity as vital for reimagining knowledge production in the African context.
Evaluating interventions on broiler chicken health using blood indices and graphical representation
Authors: Ghaleghafi Abolfazl , Khorshidi Kaveh Jafari , Jafari Mohammad Ali Jafari
Published: February 2025

Heat stress significantly affects the physiological and performance aspects of broiler chickens, leading to reduced growth, feed intake, and feed efficiency. This research investigates the impact of various dietary additives and supplements on blood serum components in heat-stressed Ross 308 broiler chickens. A completely randomized design with eight treatment groups, each with four replications and 12 birds per replication, was used. Significant differences were found in blood parameters such as glucose, total protein, albumin, uric acid, and AST, as well as in heterophil percentage, lymphocyte count, heterophil to lymphocyte ratio, and bronchitis antibody titers (p < 0.05). Dietary interventions also significantly altered the E. coli population in the cecum (p < 0.05). Diets enriched with coenzyme Q10 and vitamin C notably reduced E. coli populations under heat-stress. However, no significant differences were observed in tibia characteristics (p > 0.05). These results demonstrate the effectiveness of feed additives in mitigating heat stress effects in broiler chickens. We recommend incorporating vitamin C, coenzyme Q10, and Eubiotic supplements to enhance the well-being and performance of broiler chickens under heat stress conditions.
Hermenêutica Reconstrutiva de Habermas na Educação: perspectivas atuais
Authors: Conte Elaine , Santos Fabiane Rodrigues dos , Cardoso Cristiele Borges dos Santos
Published: February 2025

O trabalho problematiza a hermenêutica habermasiana como forma de produzir um olhar autocrítico no campo da educação. Para o desvelamento das contradições presentes no progresso técnico-científico, realizamos uma reflexão de origem hermenêutica e contra-hegemônica, no sentido de questionar as práticas homogêneas vigentes. As transformações na relação entre humanos e máquinas levantam questões sobre os efeitos do uso excessivo de tecnologia na vida moderna e na capacidade das pessoas de interpretar e encontrar significado em um mundo complexo. Essas ambiguidades e contradições da era digital estão enraizadas na interseção entre linguagem oral, tecnologia simbólica e ciências humanas. A super estimulação e a interconexão híbrida proporcionadas pelo uso das tecnologias digitais entram em conflito com a necessidade de calma e desaceleração para cultivar novas formas de existência, que promovam experiências hermenêuticas densas e sensíveis, como a criação de ambientes propícios à escuta atenta, à concentração e ao raciocínio conjunto, reconhecendo a complexidade inerente aos seres humanos. A necessidade de desacelerar e promover experiências de escuta e reflexão se choca com a super estimulação digital. A abordagem hermenêutica reconstrutiva na educação destaca a importância de uma interpretação crítica e profunda para lidar com esses desafios. Só pressupondo que existe uma circularidade dialógica no processo compreensivo, poderemos pensar em outras práticas abertas aos múltiplos discursos, que elucidam as contradições dos conhecimentos e a complexidade dos processos educacionais. A hermenêutica reconstrutiva permite discutir os contrapontos e as problemáticas ocultas das tradições culturais, expandindo os horizontes que ganham sentido no diálogo com o outro.
Predictive factors for the efficacy of myofascial infiltration in chronic cervicalgia: implications for technique indication criteria
Authors: Groizard Botella María José , Buriticá Aguirre Adriana M. , Palumbo Marco , Matute Crespo Mercè , Vilà Justribó F. Javier , Montero Matamala Antonio
Published: February 2025

Chronic cervicalgia is a widespread condition that severely impacts patients' quality of life and often presents with a myofascial pain component, characterized by the presence of trigger points (MTrPs). In clinical practice, myofascial trigger point infiltration with local anesthetics and corticosteroids has been used extensively as an interventional treatment to alleviate pain. However, not all patients experience the same level of improvement, which has prompted research into the identification of predictive factors for treatment success. This prospective study investigates the clinical and demographic predictors of positive outcomes following myofascial trigger point infiltrations in patients with chronic cervicalgia. Seventy-four patients were recruited from a chronic pain management unit and underwent three ultrasound-guided infiltrations of lidocaine and corticosteroids into active MTrPs over a six-week period. Pain intensity, quality of life, and physical function were measured at baseline and four weeks after the final infiltration using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), SF-36 Health Survey, and Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I). Results showed that 75.7% of patients reported significant improvement (PGI-I scores of 1-3) at four weeks post-treatment. Key predictors of positive outcomes included age greater than 50 years, a baseline VAS score of 5 or lower, and higher scores in the emotional role subscale of the SF-36. Conversely, younger age (<50 years), higher baseline pain intensity, and lower pressure pain thresholds (algometry scores <2500 g/cm²) were associated with poorer outcomes. These findings suggest that clinicians should consider patient age, baseline pain levels, and emotional well-being when selecting candidates for myofascial infiltrations to optimize treatment outcomes.
A CASE OF HIGHLY DISABLING ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION: WHEN AN INTEGRATED CARDIAC REHABILITATION APPROACH MAKES THE DIFFERENCE
Authors: Dalla Vecchia Laura Adelaide , De Maria Beatrice , Perego Francesca
Published: February 2025

Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a disabling condition accompanying several diseases. It has increased morbidity and mortality, and limited chances of treatment. We report a case of a patient with stable ischemic heart disease and severe OH unresponsive to usual care. A baseline 75° head-up tilt test (HUT) was positive for symptomatic OH, i.e. pre-syncope with a systolic arterial pressure drop of 35 mmHg. On top of optimal treatment, ivabradine was started. Symptoms improved within 24 hours. At a repeated HUT, the patient could tolerate the up-right position up to 25 minutes. He was able to undergo an individualized training program with further amelioration of quality of life. Thereafter, titration of ACE inhibitors became possible. Lasting benefits were present at a 6-month follow-up.To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of successful use of ivabradine to integrate cardiac rehabilitation for management of a highly disabling OH.
PHARMACOGENETIC TESTING IN ACUTE AND CHRONIC PAIN: A PRELIMINARY STUDY
Authors: Panella Lorenzo , Volontè Laura , Poloni Nicola , Caserta Antonello , Ielmini Marta , Caselli Ivano , Lucca Giulia , Callegari Camilla
Published: February 2025

Background. Pain is one of the most common symptoms that weighs on life's quality and health expenditure. In a reality in which increasingly personalized therapies are needed, the early use of genetic tests that highlight the individual response to analgesic drugs could be a valuable help in clinical practice helping to reduce response times, to achieve a good level of analgesia and to reduce the risk of side effects and adverse events. The study aims to confront the clinical response to analgesic drugs with the result of pharmacogenetic testing in patients with persistent pain.Methods. This preliminary study compares the genetic results of pharmacological effectiveness and tolerability analyzed with a Pharmacogenetic Test with the results obtained in clinical practice in 5 patients suffering from acute and chronic pain.G Ital Med Lav Erg 2020; 42:3Results. Regarding the genetic results of the 5 samples analyzed, 2 reports were found to be completely comparable to what found in clinical practice, while 3 reports showed that the profile of tolerability and effectiveness were partially discordant.Conclusions. In light of the data, not completely overlapping with results observed in clinical practice, further studies would be appropriate in order to acquire more information on the use of the PGT in clinical practice.
[Exposure risk for workers and prevention measures under normal and emergency conditions]
Authors: Manera Sergio , Prata Michele , Smilgys Barbara
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT. The radiological risk assessment and the definition of the radioprotection physical surveillance program applied to a 250 kW (thermal power) research nuclear reactor operated by a large Italian public body. Useful elements for the prevention of personnel exposures, classification criteria for workers, risk reduction methods and optimization of exposures, most common criticalities in plant activities. Analysis of the main operations related to the activities of irradiation and scientific research with an eye to the needs of researchers and one to the indications of prevention.Consolidated intervention methods for ordinary activities and for emergency situations. Detailed examination of the possible unforeseen events or accidents initiators, stopping the assessment at the definition of the source terms related to emergencies inside the plant. Nuclear and conventional causes of accidents and analysis of the radiological consequences. Indications for in-depth-defense and long-term monitoring of the safety of workers, individuals of population and the environment.
[Commuting and work: health effects on a population of affected workers]
Authors: Taino Giuseppe , Oddone Enrico , Bianco Gina , Malagò Giorgia , Pucci Ennio , Mongiovì Maria Carmela , Imbriani Marcello
Published: February 2025

Introduzione. Commuting is generally described as a modern society issue; despite the relevance of this phenomenon, only few studies investigated occupational and health effects of commuting on workers exposed to it. According to the 15 census of the Italian population, in Italy about 29 millions of people (48,6% of total resident population) daily moved to reach their work. During last ten years, this number increased of about 2.1 millions of people, and also time and distances needed to reach work grew, with a potential high impact on health and environment. Thus, the aim of this study is to analyze the possible relationship between commuting and health effects on a group of workers exposed to this risk factor.Materials and Methods. Our study analyses health effects related to commuting in an exposed occupational population, by means of the self-completed ad-hoc questionnaire provided to workers of different plants in the North of Italy.Results. Our results are consistent with scientific literature ones. Commuting exposed workers showed increased risk of headache and sleep disorders.Conclusions. Our study is an explorative but structured evaluation of health effects of commuting and a base for further researches.
[Diagnostic therapeutic care paths including rehabilitation or ‘discharge’ rehabilitation?]
Authors: Redaelli Tommaso , Moro Stefania , Corica Giacomo , Garbelli Claudio , Traversi Egidio
Published: February 2025

Due to epidemiological and social changes related to the increase in the average life expectancy, hospital users are characterized by elderly chronic and comorbid patients who require recurrent hospitalizations often with disability outcomes. In this framework, an innovative clinical and management hospitalization model is the adequate answer to systematically promote the patient independence. Main features are interdisciplinary and integrated care pathways facing both disease and disability biologically and functionally diagnosed by ICD and ICF. The definition, personalization of pathways/protocols and outcome evaluation represent the foundations of this new model for patient care.The digitalization of hospital clinical data and medical knowledge make the model feasible and fitting the recent WHO guideline: recommendations on digital interventions for health system strengthening.
[The harmonised approach to health and safety in Italian ports: the experience of the interregional technical group on ports and ships]
Authors: Tozzi Giulio Andrea
Published: February 2025

This report summarises some of the crucial and critical aspects on the enforcement of the Italian regulations on port and maritime work and fishing, following the activity of the Interregional Coordination Working Group on OHS in Ports and Ships from September 2017 until September 2019. The discussions have been organised in fine main topics. First of all, the complex relationships between the different Institution and Social Partners dealing with the subject at local and national level. Some specific topics are then analysed in depth: the limits of regulations on health surveillance for maritime workers; the difficult management of work interference during loading and unloading ships, the transport of dangerous chemicals and the port road and rail safety; the critical aspects of the enforcement of precautions for hot work in ship repair and asbestos removal. Finally, we describe a complex national training on the field project, organized for the inspectors by the Working Group on OHS in Loading and Unloading ships, Shipyards and Ship Repair, Fishing work.
Is it time for India to set social media age limits for adolescents?
Authors: Prakash Om
Published: February 2025

The rapid integration of social media into the lives of Indian adolescents presents a complex mix of benefits and challenges, particularly in the realms of mental health, online safety, and digital literacy. While age restrictions or outright bans may offer protections against risks like cyberbullying, exposure to harmful content, and increased screen time, they also carry potential drawbacks, including digital exclusion, disruption of peer support networks, and limited access to educational and mental health resources. This viewpoint article examines the multifaceted challenges of implementing social media age restrictions in India, considering the diversity in digital literacy, sociocultural factors, and infrastructural disparities between urban and rural areas. Recognizing these complexities, the article proposes alternative approaches, including comprehensive digital literacy programs, enhanced parental involvement, age-appropriate content moderation, and flexible, phased access to social media. By advocating for a balanced, collaborative approach involving policymakers, educators, parents, and platform providers, this article emphasizes the importance of creating a safe yet empowering digital environment that nurtures responsible online engagement. Such a nuanced policy framework would allow Indian adolescents to safely benefit from the positive aspects of social media while minimizing risks, ultimately fostering a generation of resilient, informed digital citizens.
A randomized sham-controlled trial to study the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on craving, abstinence, and time to relapse in severe alcohol use disorder
Authors: Joshi Tanmay , Dhiman Vishal , Verma Rohit , Krishnan Vijay , Basu Aniruddha , Singh Yogesh
Published: February 2025

Background:

Neural circuitry-based treatments, such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), have demonstrated efficacy in reducing craving in individuals with alcohol use and other addictive substances.

Aim:

The study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of tDCS on craving, time taken to first drink, and relapse to drinking over 3 months among individuals with severe alcohol use disorder.

Methods:

A randomized sham-controlled trial included adults aged 18–55 years with severe alcohol dependence. Participants (n = 149) were abstinent from alcohol for at least 3 days, underwent a benzodiazepine washout, and exhibited active craving. tDCS was administered twice daily for 5 consecutive days, with bilateral stimulation being given by placing the anode over F3 and the cathode over F4 to the ‘active’ (A) and ‘sham’ (S) intervention groups. Clinical parameters were assessed at baseline, 1 month (1 m), and 3 months (3 m).

Results:

At completion, out of the 149 randomized subjects (n (A) =75, n (S) =74), 107 participants (n (A) =51, n (S) =56) received the intended tDCS sessions. Baseline characteristics were comparable between the two groups. Intention-to-treat analysis showed significantly lower craving scores in group A than in group S at 1 month and 3 month follow-up time points in comparison to the baseline (baseline: A = 48.33 ± 1.94, S = 48.27 ± 2.45; 1 m: A = 30.37 ± 11.66, S = 33.55 ± 13.73; 3 m: A = 28.50 ± 13.23, S = 34.75 ± 14.07; F (2,294) = 5.52, P < 0.01). Intervention group A also exhibited fewer relapses [3 m A = 33 (44%), 3 m S = 47 (63.5%); χ2 (1) = 5.70, P = 0.01] and a longer time to first drink compared to S (A = 38.50 ± 27.0 days; S = 29.40 ± 23.83 days; t = 2.20, P = 0.03).

Conclusion:

Adjunctive tDCS demonstrated efficacy in reducing craving and preventing relapse in individuals with severe alcohol dependence. These findings suggest the potential of tDCS as a therapeutic intervention for severe alcohol dependence which is less intense in terms of resources and time and can further be tailored to monitor neurobiological correlates in recovery.
Tapentadol as a drug of abuse – A preliminary report
Authors: Shivaprakash Prakrithi , Shukla Lekhansh , Joshi Sourabh , Mahadevan Jayant , Kandasamy Arun , Chand Prabhat K. , Benegal Vivek , Murthy Pratima
Published: February 2025

Background:

Tapentadol is a dual action opioid analgesic with emerging data on abuse and diversion.

Aim:

This study describes tapentadol abuse, clinical presentation, and treatment patterns.

Methods:

We reviewed patients seeking help for tapentadol use (2017–2023) at a South Indian tertiary hospital. We collected data on sociodemographics, clinical profiles, and treatment, including buprenorphine dose and dose limiting side effects.

Results:

Of 933 opioid use disorder cases, 228 involved tapentadol. Most (89%) initiated opioid use with tapentadol, and 93% injected dissolved tablets. 80% were diagnosed with opioid dependence. Over half required inpatient treatment. 75% received buprenorphine, but tolerability was poor. The median first day dose was 0.8 mg (IQR = 0.4–2), and the maintenance dose was 4 mg (IQR = 2–8), with nausea being the main side effect.

Conclusion:

We can conclude that Tapentadol is prone to abuse and dependence. These patients have poor buprenorphine tolerability and receive low maintenance doses. Further research is needed on effective opioid agonist treatment for tapentadol dependence.
A Cross-sectional Study on Attitude, Practices and Perception of Medical Undergraduates towards E-learning
Authors: Sindhu B. M. , Rashmi B. M. , Kumbar Abhinandan S. , Manmathayya Shivakumar
Published: February 2025

Background:

E-learning has become an integral part of medical education. It equips students with the competencies needed to thrive in the field of rapidly evolving medical education. The present study was conducted to assess the attitudes and practices regarding ‘e-learning’ amongst undergraduate students and interns of a medical college.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted amongst MBBS students and interns of a medical college in Central Karnataka. The questionnaire was prepared in Google Forms and sent to all the students. Those who gave informed consent and returned fully filled pro forma were considered for data analysis.

Results:

The attitude and practice of e-learning amongst the respondents were satisfactory. One hundred sixty-four (95%) respondents opined that e-learning is user-friendly. Eighty-six (50%) students spent 2–4 h per day on e-learning using electronic gadgets. Furthermore, a matter of concern was the usage of electronic gadgets for more than 4 h per day for non-academic activities by 38 (22.1%) students. High cost of certain e-learning resources (48.6%), lack of proper information about the availability of various e-learning resources (24.9%), certain technical issues related to electronic gadgets (23.1%), concerns about quality and authenticity of various e-learning sites (24.9%) are some of the barriers and disadvantages specified by the students.

Conclusions:

The attitude and practice of e-learning amongst the respondents were satisfactory. Measures to be taken to reduce electronic gadget usage for non-academic activities. Resolving the barriers/disadvantages of e-learning can further enhance/facilitate e-learning amongst medical students.
A single-center experience of safety and effectiveness of adjustable intragastric balloon in patients with super obesity
Authors: Khan Mohammed S. , Alzanbagi Adnan , Tashkhandi Abdulaziz , Qurashi Laeeque A. , ElBahrawy Aly , Khogeer AlWahhaj , Alhazmi Ghadeer , Monshi Ghadeer , Shariff Mohammed K.
Published: February 2025

Background:

The Spatz3® Intragastric Adjustable Balloon (SAB) offers a novel approach to weight loss in super obese patients [body mass index (BMI) ≥50 kg/m2]. This study evaluates the safety, effectiveness, and predictors of success of SAB in this population.

Methods:

A retrospective study was conducted at King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, Saudi Arabia, involving 94 patients with SAB implantation. Weight loss metrics (%EWL, %TBWL), complications, and predictors of adverse events were analyzed.

Results:

Eleven patients required early SAB removal due to severe symptoms. Complications included gastrointestinal bleeding (3.2%), gastric ulcer/erosion (27.7%), and deflation (5.3%). Significant weight loss was observed at 6 and 12 months. The mean absolute weight loss was 22.03 kg at 12 months, with %EWL of 19.27%. Early weight loss at 3 months predicted long-term success. SAB adjustments did not significantly impact outcomes. Post SAB, 57% of patients proceeded to laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) with rare postoperative complications (2.9%).

Conclusion:

SAB is safe and effective for patients with BMI ≥50 kg/m2, achieving significant weight loss at 12 months. Early weight loss predicts long-term success, and subsequent LSG can be performed without significant complications. Further research should explore long-term outcomes and comparative analyses.
The local structure of the energy landscape in multiphase mean curvature flow: Weak-strong uniqueness and stability of evolutions
Authors: Fischer Julian , Hensel Sebastian , Laux Tim , Simon Theresa M.
Published: February 2025

We prove that in the absence of topological changes, the notion of

\operatorname{BV}

solutions to planar multiphase mean curvature flow does not allow for a mechanism for (unphysical) non-uniqueness. Our approach is based on the local structure of the energy landscape near a classical evolution by mean curvature. Mean curvature flow being the gradient flow of the surface energy functional, we develop a gradient-flow analogue of the notion of calibrations. Just like the existence of a calibration guarantees that one has reached a global minimum in the energy landscape, the existence of a “gradient flow calibration” ensures that the route of steepest descent in the energy landscape is unique and stable.
Predictive value of initial lactate levels for mortality and morbidity in critically ill pediatric trauma patients: a retrospective study from a Turkish pediatric intensive care unit
Authors: Özel Abdulrahman , İlbeği Esra Nur , Yüce Servet
Published: February 2025

Background: This study investigated the relationship between initial lactate levels and both mortality and morbidity in critically ill pediatric trauma patients requiring intensive care.Methods: This retrospective study at tertiary center’s pediatric intensive care unit from January 2020 to June 2024 aimed to characterize trauma patients and assess admission lactate levels' prognostic value.Results: A total of 190 critically ill pediatric trauma patients were included in the study. The mortality rate was 7.9%, with most deaths occurring within the first 48 hours of admission. Initial lactate levels ≥6.9 mmol/L demonstrated moderate predictive power (area under the curve [AUC], 0.878) for mortality. Pediatric Risk of Mortality III (PRISM III) score showed good predictive ability (AUC, 0.922), while Pediatric Trauma Scores exhibited variable predictive performance (AUC, 0.863). Higher initial lactate levels were significantly associated with severe brain injury, the need for intubation, and an increased incidence of thoracic or abdominal injuries.Conclusions: Initial lactate levels and PRISM III score are effective predictors of mortality in critically ill pediatric trauma patients. Lactate levels ≥5 mmol/L upon admission should prompt close monitoring and consideration of aggressive management strategies.
Nurses’ knowledge, attitude, and perceived barriers toward protective lung strategies of pediatrics mechanically ventilated patients in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan
Authors: Zainib Tasnim , Rattani Salma , Asif Nimira , Maqbool Hussain Maqbool Ahmed
Published: February 2025

Background: Protective lung strategies (PLS) are guidelines about recent clinical advances that deliver an air volume compatible with the patient’s lung capacity and are used to treat acute respiratory distress syndrome. These mechanical ventilation guidelines are not implemented within intensive care units (ICUs) despite strong evidence-based recommendations and a dedicated professional staff. Nurses’ familiarity with clinical guidelines can bridge the gap between actual and recommended practice. However, several barriers undermine this process. The objectives of this study were to identify those barriers and explore the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of ICU nurses regarding the implementation of PLS. Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study. The participants were nurses working in the six ICUs of a pediatric tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. Using purposive sampling with random selection, the total sample size was 137 nurses. A summative rating scale was used to identify barriers to the implementation of PLS.Results: Overall, the nurses’ barrier score was high, with a mean of 66.77±5.36. Across all the barriers subscales, attitude was a much more significant barrier (35.74±3.57) to PLS than behavior (6.53±1.96), perceived knowledge (17.42±2.54), and organizational barriers (7.08±1.39). Knowledge-related barriers were also significantly high.Conclusion: This study identified important barriers to PLS implementation by nurses, including attitudes and knowledge deficits. Understanding those barriers and planning interventions to address them could help to increase adherence to low tidal volume ventilation and improve patient outcomes. Nurses’ involvement in mechanical ventilation management could help to safely deliver air volumes compatible with recommendations.