bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theoretical study the effect of dispersion of nanoparticles on thermo-physical characteristics of PCM with micro-channel heat sink
Authors: Hasan Mushtaq I , Saber Dhuha R
Published: February 2021

Thermal performance of micro-channel heat sink (MHS) with different cooling mediums has been investigated numerically using 3D model of conjugated heat transfer. Four types of coolants have been used in this study starting with air as a baseline to compare its thermal performance with pure phase change material (PCM) which was paraffin wax and nanoparticles-enhanced phase change material (NEPCM) which were (Silicon carbide (Sic)-PCM and Diamond-PCM) with volume fraction values of (1, 3, and 5%). On the heat sink base, a constant and uniform heat flux of (8000, 10000, 12000, and 14000W.m−2) is applied. Numerical simulations have been performed to investigate the effect of nanoparticle material and concentrations of nanoparticles on cooling performance of heat sink. The findings elucidated the cooling performance of MHS is enhanced with PCM compared with air and suspension nanoparticles lead to improve the thermal conductivity of (NEPCM) comparing with pure PCM, that causing expedite the melting process and enhancement of cooling performance. Also, as the concentration of nanoparticles increased, the heat transfer rate for (NEPCM) enhanced and decreasing the time of the melting process.
XFEM analysis of concrete arch dam to assess deformations and propagation of artificial crack due to the combination of earthquake and uplift pressure
Authors: Hussein Mohammed Noori , Alfatlawi Thair Jabbar Mizhir , Kadhim Muhammad Jawad
Published: February 2021

In this study, the extended finite element method (XFEM) is further generalized to study the crack propagation in the concrete arch dam. Static and dynamic analysis performed on scaled-down prototype plane concrete arch dam to assess the deformation occurs due to water pressure and moderate earthquake magnitude of 5.8M. The most obvious finding to emerge from this study is that XFEM allows the entire crack to represented independently of the mesh, and so re-meshing is not necessary to model crack growth. The study has also shown that emergence of new cracks in different locations on the dam’s body.
Study The Behavior of Pile Group Under Torsional and Horizontal Load
Authors: Hasan Abdulameer Qasim , Qasim Rafi M.
Published: February 2021

Many structures are subjected to torsional and horizontal loads in addition to vertical load lead that the foundation of these structures may be collapsed. The proposed model for pile groups consists of an elastic beam-column that represents the pile, rigid cap and nonlinear spring to simulate the soil. In the horizontal direction, the p-y curve method is used to calculate the subgrade reaction of soil while the τ-0 curve method and the load transfer method are used in the vertical direction. The effect of pile group and load coupling is considered by the p multiplier method in the pile head. A parametric study is carried out under the combined action for horizontal and torsional loads. The study shows that unequal shear force distribution in the head of piles is very significant. The axial force variation in each pile with different length is obtained. The study is very important to take into account the design pile group under combined loads.
A Study the Effect of porosity of Bio-Active Ceramic Hydroxyapatite Coated by Electrophoretic Deposition on the Ti6Al4V Alloy Substrate
Authors: Abbass Muna Khethier , Khadhim Mohammed Jasim , Jasim Ayad Naseef , Issa Muhammad Jawad
Published: February 2021

Bone implant materials which are composed of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy are usually utilized as a result of its bio-compatibility and corrosion resistance. This alloy isn’t bio-active, and that results in making it easy to release the cation Al and V when implanted into the human body. Therefore, this study aims to focus on the effect of different current direct current (DC)and alternating current (AC) on the electrophoretic deposition (EPD) variables (voltage, time and concentration) of the Hydroxyapatite (HA) powder upon the Ti6Al4V alloy substrate. EPD process was depended on the coating thickness and surface roughness, and then characterizations of the coating layer were performed. The suspensions zeta potential was measured to recognize charge upon the particles and their stability. The coating thickness was measured at different EPD variables. The cross-section of coating thickness and the morphology of surface were investigated employing optical and SEM microscopes. The density of coating porosity was computed from the micrograph images. Results manifested that the samples having the same thickness possess a higher grain density if coated utilizing (AC) EPD in comparison to (DC) electrophoretic deposition. The contact angles values of coatings have been changed from hydrophobic in the case uncoated Ti6Al4V 67.489°C to the hydrophilic by using (DC) current 35.914°C and 38.13 ° C by using(AC).
Optimization of blending operation for the Iraqi oils
Authors: Naji Fatimah A , Ateeq Adnan A. , Al-Mayyah Mohammed A.
Published: February 2021

This research was carried out to optimize the blending process for Iraqi oil. Physical and chemical properties of three different Iraqi crude oils were obtained through analytical analysis of oil samples. A unique petroleum assay for each crude oil was used to identify the various boiling point, density, viscosity and sulphur content of fractions that we can obtain through the atmospheric distillation of crude. Petroleum assays were manually imported to Aspen HYSYS to simulate the behaviour for each crude oil. A trial of more than 60 different blending scenarios was simulated and blends’ results were tested for API gravity and sulphur content variation. Aspen HYSYS was also used to simulate shortcut distillation for each blend and the possible API gravity and sulphur content of distillation fractions.
Removal of manganese (Mn+2) from aqueous solution by low-cost adsorbents and study the adsorption thermodynamics and kinetics
Authors: Altameemi Ihab A , Thuraya M A
Published: February 2021

In this research a simple method was used to treat water contaminated by heavy elements containing ions using chicken eggshell powder and to study its adsorption capacity in many laboratory conditions in terms of (time, acidity, heavy metal concentration, weight of the adsorbent material, and temperature) and the diagnosis of the adsorbed substance using Devices for identifying the effective groups on the adsorbent surface used IR ray and its ability to removal the manganese ion as well as studying the thermodynamic adsorption for it ( ΔH, ΔG, ΔS ), And through studying the thermodynamic adsorption process, it is possibility to know the type of exothermic or endothermic, automatic or non-automatic and random or regular, through the data can be controlled by the efficiency and speed of adsorption, The kinetics of the reaction were also studied, the interaction constant was calculated, and the degree of interaction was determined from the first or second order. The best adsorption operators that were used laboratory (time =60 min, pH = 6, Ce = 100 ppm, wight = 0.5 g, temperate =25 C°), IR spectroscopy appear Functional groups (S-H, C-O, O-H, C=C, C=O, N-H, C-N and O=C-O-salt Ca) was (2515.18, 1259.52, 3300 broad, 1635.64, 1799.59, 3300.20, 1419.61 and two strong bond (1600 – 1400)) respectively.
Adaptive reuse in neglected industrial buildings (Industrial buildings in the Iraqi Ministry of Oil)
Authors: Adnan Haidar , Saadoon Abdullah , Salim Enas
Published: February 2021

The economy restructuring results industries transformation from one area to another in part or whole, and this phenomenon has left huge numbers of abandoned constructions and sites. In Iraqi oil projects, due to the lack of land in vital industrial areas and a large number of neglected buildings (after no longer needed), the shortage of buildings has been a trouble for several years. Adaptive reuse of industrial buildings may solve this problem. However, it is not a mere procedure because some determinants affect it. Therefore, the research problem was represented by "lack of comprehensive knowledge of the adaptive reuse determinants in neglected industrial buildings," and the research aimed to present its determinants and determine its precedence in terms of use in industrial buildings.
Study on optimization design and wear prediction of TBM cutter based on Standard Ga Algorithm
Authors: Xin Liu , Shaowei Wang , Yu Wang
Published: February 2021

In tunnel construction, the tunnel boring machine (TBM) emerged in the 1930s has found wide application in tunnel construction due to its high construction efficiency, economy and environmental protection, etc. [1]. For TBM, the cutterhead is a key component and the most vulnerable component [2], and therefore the study on the cutterhead damage enjoys great significance. In the working process of TBM, wear and tear will cause structural failure of the cutterhead, then affect the normal operation of the TBM, and even cause problems such as production shutdown. On this basis, the optimization design of the cutterhead structure and the prediction of the cutterhead wear performance were investigated, thus providing reference for expanding the application of TBM.
Experimental Research on the Compressive Performance of Raw Bamboo Materials along the Grain
Authors: Pengcheng Liu , Qishi Zhou , Hai Zhang , Jiefu Tian
Published: February 2021

This paper carried out a compression test along the grain of the raw bamboo material, analyzed the failure process and failure form of the specimen, studied the relationship between the compression strength along the grain and the elastic modulus and the density, and initially explored the raw bamboo based on the reliability analysis Design value of compressive strength along the grain of the material. The research results show that the compressive load-displacement curve of bamboo along the grain can be divided into elastic, elastoplastic and descending segments, and the specimens show obvious ductile failure characteristics; the compressive strength and elastic modulus along the grain are positively correlated with the density; raw bamboo The standard value of compressive strength along the grain of the material is 48.83MPa, and the design value is 8.71MPa.
Research on the Problems and Countermeasures of Laboratory Management in Colleges and Universities
Authors: Zhang Jiahua , Li Hang
Published: February 2021

University laboratories are responsible for providing professional venues for practical teaching and scientific research, and the quality of their management can directly affect the quality of research and research work in universities. At present, there are some problems in the laboratory management of colleges and universities in China, such as imperfect laboratory management system, imperfect laboratory personnel allocation and management, incomplete laboratory infrastructure construction, and incomplete laboratory safety management. In view of these problems, this paper puts forward five aspects of university laboratory management countermeasures.
Ultrasonic-assisted 3D bioprinting a composite of alginate and particles/cells
Authors: Shao M H , Cui B , Zheng T F , Wang C H
Published: February 2021

Extrusion-based printing technology has a promising development in the field of tissue engineering scaffold. Researchers package cells/particles in biomaterials and then extrude them through a nozzle and solidify to get a scaffold. This method can achieve uniform distribution of cells/particles in biomaterials or the addition of particles in biomaterials to enhance the mechanical properties of the scaffold. Sodium alginate is a kind of polysaccharide biomaterial which has a wide range of applications in the field of bioprinting. However, the diameter of the nozzle determines the accuracy of the cells/particles position in the alginate scaffold. A method of ultrasonic-assisted 3D bioprinting a composite of alginate and particles is proposed. The acoustic pressure can concentrate cells/particles to the center of the nozzle, which can achieve a more precise positioning than the diameter of the nozzle, and facilitate the purpose of depositing specific cells/particles to the determined location of the biomaterial.
Finite element analysis of a precision machine tool spindle 40GrMo turning process based on DEFORM
Authors: Liu Hai-juan , PingLi  , Xue Ke-min , Wang Sheng-bin
Published: February 2021

Turning as a common forming method of parts, its typical processing characteristics are: in the process of turning there is a lot of turning heat, turning temperature concentration, stress concentration, etc, these phenomena in addition to affecting the tool life, but also to a large extent affect the quality of turning. In this paper, the temperature and stress concentration phenomenon in the turning process of 40GrMo is studied by using orthogonal parameters in combination with experiment and simulation, and the influence rule and correlation are analyzed. In order to improve the surface quality and tool life after machining, the combination of cutting parameters of the above two processes is optimized.
Application of planar curve offset compensation in path modification
Authors: Ma Huliang , Wang Yanqing
Published: February 2021

Offset compensation is an indispensable functional module in the current CNC system. But offset compensation is not only used to improve machining accuracy, but also can be used to modify path. This paper first discusses the origin of the curve offset in the CNC system, and points out that the essence of the offset curve is a method of path modification. Then the general formula for offset compensation of plane curve is obtained through normalization. Then the classification of offset compensation is explained. Finally, line segments, arcs and B-spline curves are taken as examples to verify the feasibility and practicability of the offset compensation method applied to path processing. The offset compensation method is a flexible and effective path modification method.
Least squares support vector machine method for load identification of nonlinear system
Authors: Zhou Pan , Xin Jianghui , Shang Weiyan
Published: February 2021

In order to eliminate the dependence of load identification problem on the prior knowledge of current mechanical system, least squares support vector machine was applied to identify the inverse model of nonlinear system, and then based on this inverse model operational responses were adopted to determine real time excitation force. A nonlinear system was applied to conduct the simulation and calculate the steady and unsteady input force in this paper to verify the validity of the proposed method. Simulation results reveal that least squares support vector machine is able to identify reliable inverse model of nonlinear system and then reconstruct accurate real time excitation force. According to the present approach, a small quantity of training samples is needed rather than complete knowledge of the mathematical model and parameters of nonlinear system, so this approach can be extended to engineering application.
Overview of injection molding process optimization technology
Authors: Zhu Junjie , Qiu Zhiwen , Huang Yizhi , Huang Wenhan
Published: February 2021

Injection molding process parameters have a very important influence on the molding quality of plastic parts. In this paper, the application of injection molding parameter optimization technology in the study of injection molding process is reviewed. The basic principles and characteristics of various optimization techniques are described. Optimization techniques mainly include: Optimization based on Taguchi method, Optimization of numerical simulation based on CAE technology, Optimization based on genetic algorithm, Optimization based on artificial neural network. The application types of optimization problems applicable to various optimization techniques are discussed.
Numerical solution of the Stefan problem
Authors: Burago N G , Fedyushkin A I
Published: February 2021

The paper describes an algorithm for solving the Stefan problem by the finite element method for modeling heat and mass transfer processes in a fluid with a phase transition. Modeling of heat and mass transfer is based on the solution of the Navier-Stokes equations for an incompressible fluid in the Boussinesq approximation and the heat conduction equation for a solid phase. The solution was made according to the explicit-implicit scheme of the matrixless finite element method using a moving finite element mesh. The mobility of the grid nodes is due to the variable geometry of the solution region due to the motion of the melt-crystal interface. The new positions of the nodes of the moving mesh were calculated by the model of elastic media, providing the approximate equality of the volumes of the mesh cells. The grid nodes belonging to the moving boundary between the melt and the growing crystal moved in accordance with Stefan’s conditions. The auxiliary systems of algebraic equations for the nodal values of the desired functions were solved by the matrixless conjugate gradient method with preconditioning by using the diagonal approximation of the stiffness matrix. An example of the application of the described finite element implementation of the Stefan problem for modeling of process for semiconductor single crystal growth by the Bridgman method taking into account the rotations of crystal, crucible and heater-vibrator is given.
Diffusion of a reagent from a slowly rising droplet with accompanying surface chemical reaction
Authors: Denisova M O , Kostarev K G
Published: February 2021

The development of neutralization reaction during the reagent diffusion from an insoluble drop, slowly floating up in a quiescent chemically active liquid, was studied experimentally. The droplet is located in a narrow vertical gap, which causes it to take the form of a short horizontal cylinder with a free lateral surface and flat end faces. The latter circumstance allows using an interferometer to visualize the structure of the fields of reagent concentration in the droplet and the resultant products in the environment and to trace their evolution. To display the specific features of the observed phenomena, we also investigated the diffusion of a reagent from a motionless drop in a chemically active medium and diffusion of a reagent from a drop floating up in a chemically neutral liquid.
Experimental study of the effect of air oscillations on vapor diffusion in a channel of variable cross-section and in a granular medium
Authors: Polezhaev Denis , Kozlov Victor
Published: February 2021

The diffusion of 2-propanol vapor in the air in a channel of variable radius and in a porous medium composed of spheres of equal diameter under longitudinal oscillations is experimentally studied. In the experiments, vapor concentration at the top and bottom of the channel (or porous medium) is constant. In the absence of oscillations, mass transfer along the channel (or porous medium) is carried out due to molecular diffusion. When air oscillations are imposed, additional mass transfer effects are activated, namely, Taylor dispersion and convective mass transfer due to steady vortex flows. In the studied range of frequencies and amplitudes, the total mass transfer exceeds molecular diffusion by one order of magnitude. In a channel of variable radius, mass is transferred mainly due to the steady vortex flows (convective mass transfer) arising in the viscous boundary layer due to the inhomogeneity of the amplitude of air oscillations in narrow and wide sections of the channel. In a porous medium, Taylor dispersion plays a major role while the convective mass transfer makes minor contribution.
Effect of vibrations on thermal convection in thick rotating annulus
Authors: Vjatkin Alexei , Sabirov Rustam
Published: February 2021

The effect of transverse vibrations on thermal convection in a rotating thick cylindrical fluid layer is investigated experimentally. The layer rotates about the horizontal axis of symmetry. The temperatures of the layer boundaries are different (the outer boundary is cold) and maintained constant. The study is limited to the case of fast rotation. The centrifugal force of inertia plays a stabilizing role, bringing the fluid into a state of a stable mechanical equilibrium. The vibrations affect the equilibrium of the layer in a narrow frequency range close to the rotation frequency. The structure of the convective flows is studied using PIV-method. It is found that when the frequencies of vibrations and rotation definitely coincide, the convective flow has a form of the couple of symmetric two-dimensional vortices, the position of which is stationary in the cavity reference frame. The convection occurs under the action of an induced inertial force field (superposition of vibrational and centrifugal inertial force fields). With a frequency mismatch, the induced force field rotates in the cavity reference frame. The maximum heat transport corresponds to a resonant excitation of the azimuthal two-dimensional inertial oscillations of the non-isothermal fluid layer. The convective heat transport in this case is much higher than in the case of the frequencies coincidence. The dependence of heat transport, both under resonance conditions and with equal frequencies, on vibration parameters is studied. It is shown that the centrifugal and vibrational mechanisms play a key role in the development of the convection.
Designing GNSS HUMGAdj software package for surveying and mapping
Authors: Trong N G , Nghia N V , Cuc N T , Chinh D N , Cuong N V , Tinh L D , Quang P N , Hai N D
Published: February 2021

GNSS technology has made great contributions to the development of surveying and mapping in Vietnam. Many useful GNSS processing software packages have been created and widely used all over the world. However, since these software programs only have input and output, the new users without expert theoretical knowledge (especially new students) can not understand the principle or interfere with the process to obtain explicit results at each step. Therefore, the research team has built the GNSS-HUMGAdj software package to visually illustrate GNSS data processing steps for students to use. In the design stage, the group has learnt the experience in programming GNSS processing software, inheriting published GNSS data processing algorithms. In addition, some algorithms such as converted GNSS baseline in resolving the relative positioning problem, adjusting the receiver antenna height, and the effect caused by the change of distance over time were developed in the software.
Development of a Smart Solar Tracking (SST) system as a green renewable energy solution
Authors: Al Bartamani Bader K. K. , El-Saleh Ayman A.
Published: February 2021

Renewable energy is a type of energy generated from renewable resources that are naturally generated such as sunlight, waves, rain, wind and geothermal heat. Renewable energy provides energy in different categories such as electricity generation, air and water heating/cooling and transportation. Solar PV cells are the most common method for transforming the sun light to electrical power. But using a standstill PV cells is not very efficient due to sun movement as the PV cells must be perpendicularly aligned to the sun to get its maximum efficiency. Tracking the sun by a tracking system will increase the harvested energy and achieve the maximum power generated from the solar cells. In this work, we develop a solar tracking system that enables photovoltaic cells to continuously track the sun and study the effect of light incident angle on the photovoltaic cell’s efficiency. In this study, the use of PV cells with tracking capabilities is 21% more efficient as compared to conventional standstill PV cells.
SUIP: An Android malware detection method based on data flow features
Authors: Chen X R , Shi S S , Xie C L , Yang Z , Guo Y J , Fang Y , Wen W P
Published: February 2021

Currently static detection is the most commonly used in Android malware detection. Among them, the extraction of various features is particularly important. In analysing the data flow features of applications, researchers usually use taint analysis method to extract. However, this method lack intermediate process features. So in this paper, we analyse the features of Android components to obtain application data transfer features for complementing the application data flow features and build a more complete combination of data flow features. Based on this, we propose a new Android malicious application detection method—SUIP. This method complements the missing features based on taint analysis, and combines the LightGBM algorithm to build a detection model. Finally, we use the sample set in Virusshare for experiments. Compared with the traditional static detection method of Android malicious code, the result shows that our detection method has a high detection accuracy of 98.50%.
Research on optimization of thulium-doped fiber laser based on optical communication system
Authors: Zhang Ning , Chen Xiaodan , Yang Yansong , Sun Huijuan , Luo Yang
Published: February 2021

With the rapid development of optical communication network and related technology, the frequency resource of light wave is becoming more and more insufficient, which requires new light sources to support the communication system.With the continuous development of fiber laser technology, Tm-doped fiber laser appears, which brings new vitality to the optical communication network with insufficient frequency resources. Because Tm -doped fiber laser can provide multiple frequencies of optical wavelength resources, it has attracted more and more attention. The development of rare earth doping technology and double cladding pumping technology has laid a solid foundation for the design of Tm-doped fiber laser with excellent performance. In this paper, the Tm-doped fiber laser is studied. The effect of each element in the Tm-doped fiber laser on the laser is analyzed. The influence of the reflectivity of the mirror on the performance of the whole laser is discussed. The simulation results show that the reflectivity of the mirror will seriously affect the output power of the laser, which is of great significance for the design of fiber lasers.
Investigating batch normalization in spoken language understanding
Authors: jagdale Sheetal , shah Milind
Published: February 2021

Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) is an important component of the Spoken Dialogue System (SDS). SLU plays a very important role in understanding the user goal. SLU represents user utterance into a semantic representation which helps to understand user intension. SLU performs this task by using learning models from machine learning. These machine learning models suffer from changes in the distribution of input to each layer of the deep learning network. This reduces the speed of training and affects model performance. Thus, the performance of SLU incorporating the deep learning model is affected. In machine learning, techniques such as batch normalization are proposed to reduce the variation in distribution at each layer of the deep model. In this work, an investigation carried on SLU by incorporating batch normalization is reported. The evaluation parameters used for experimentation are F-score and balanced accuracy. The F-score and balanced accuracy for the belief tracker is 0.971 and 0.93. Thus, there is a 3.7 % improvement in F-score and 0.7 % improvement in balanced accuracy than the model without batch normalization which will aid in understanding user goals. Thus, the performance of SLU is improved.
Knowledge push system based on work breakdown structure and ontology
Authors: Shi L
Published: February 2021

The phenomenon of knowledge overflow and knowledge disorientation is very common in knowledge-intensive enterprise, even though the knowledge management system has been used. A novel knowledge push system is designed in order to push proper knowledge actively to the proper designer at the proper time, which is oriented to the product design workflow based on work breakdown structure. The ontology models of product design task and knowledge are established, and fuzzy properties are introduced into knowledge ontology model. A similarity measurement algorithm between ontology models is proposed, which generates the knowledge matching rule. Integrating ontology construction, knowledge matching rule and knowledge control model, a knowledge push system is constructed that is used to achieve precise knowledge pushing. An electronic equipment manufacturing enterprise is taken as the application case to verify the effectiveness of the system.
A blockchain-enabled 5G authentication scheme against DoS attacks
Authors: Chow Man Chun , Ma Maode
Published: February 2021

The 5G network is designed to accommodate the increasing number of connected devices with higher speed, lower latency, and better security. To improve the network security and robustness, the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has standardized the 5G-AKA protocol for mutually authenticating user equipment (UE), base stations, and the core network. However, since there will be more devices in the 5G network, the denial-of-service (DoS) attacks are much easier to be carried out than ever before. In this paper, we address the security issues in the 5G network by introducing the blockchain-enabled authentication and key agreement scheme for the 5G Networks. Our proposed scheme uses private blockchain to provide a distributed database to store all authentication records. Also, we exploit the trapdoor collision property of the chameleon hash function, such that the entries in the blockchain can verify the incoming authentication requests. Furthermore, a subscription concealed identifier (SUCI) is mandatory in our protocol to protect the anonymity of the devices, and ECDH is employed to generate a session key. We use Scyther Tool to verify our protocol formally, and the security analysis shows that our protocol can achieve perfect forward secrecy, device anonymity, and mutual authentication and key agreement. Our scheme is also resistant to replay attacks, and most importantly, the DoS attacks. Finally, performance evaluation shows that our scheme is efficient for both UEs and base stations with rational computational costs.
A Freeform Lens System Design and Simulation in the Polar Coordinate
Authors: Gao Tongrui , Lou Jun , Zeng Maoting
Published: February 2021

In the field of illumination engineering, freeform technology is playing a more and more important role. Several methods have been reported in recent papers. The paper introduce a design method to generate an ellipse spot in the polar coordinate using the polar grids based on flux transportation mapping. In this method, the source is a point and the point is divided along the azimuth angle and zenith angle in the polar coordinate system. Then we divided the flux target in the polar coordinate, the grids of the target are achieved by the mapping between the source and the target. Based on the mapping and energy conservation, we can derive a set of the first-order PDE according to Snell’s law. We can acquire a points cloud after solving the PDE numerically, then we will construct a smooth freeform using Rhino. Finally, we will test the freeform using Light Tools. With this method, we can design a lens with the light utilization efficiency over 0.8. Keywords: LED; Freeform; Mapping; Polar coordinate.
Formulation of a Refined Nonlinear 8-noded Brick Element for Simulation of Manhole under Vehicle Loads
Authors: Kim Changwan , Cai Songbai
Published: February 2021

Establishing a calculation procedure of stress and residual deformation of manhole under vehicle impact loads is meaningful for improving the design and rehabilitation of the manhole. By using corotational procedure, this paper presents formulation of a refined nonlinear 8-noded brick element. Theoretically, the element is capable of analyzing very large deformation in efficiency, and has the advantage of adopting to any kind of nonlinear material model. A rigorous continuum mechanics basis to the corotational framework is provided and a corotational kinematical model for geometrically nonlinear analysis is also derived with locking reduction in 3D brick elements.
Model Simulation Used to Analyse the Accuracy of the Temperature Control and the Pressure Control
Authors: Zhang Helin , Chen Qingmei , Zhang Kang
Published: February 2021

In this paper, In view of the traditional temperature control and the spray gun pressure control in the coating drum of the current medicine coating machine, the temperature control: adopting the intelligent control domain’s mold and PID control method, the model simulation is used to verify the accuracy of the temperature control and the pressure control: taking the pressure of the powder outlet of the spray gun as the input of the closed-loop feedback, the pressure of the powder outlet can be kept constant and the coating demand of the medicine in the pot can be well ensured.
The Data Analysis of Shanghai Air Quality Index Based on Linear Regression Analysis
Authors: Jiang Wenrong
Published: February 2021

In this paper, the actual data related to air quality in Shanghai is selected, and six factors such as PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, O3 and CO concentration are used as the alternative factors affecting AQI. The Pearson correlation coefficient between these six factors and the air quality index was calculated separately, and the correlation between the variables was analyzed. This paper considers the multicollinearity between the six factors, in order to reduce the influence of multicollinearity on the model, comprehensively consider the elimination of some alternative factors. Then use spss software to analyze in depth, take AQI as the dependent variable, and the other factors as the independent variable to carry out multiple linear regression analysis. Finally, the multiple linear regression analysis equation is obtained and predicted based on this model. The results show that the model is for calculating air. The quality index is more accurate. This model is simpler and more efficient than the original AQI calculation model.
Pattern Synthesis of MIMO Radar Based on Immune Differential Evolution Algorithm
Authors: Jiang Ling , Jiang Yi , Chen Guangfu , Shi Guimin , Cheng Qi
Published: February 2021

In order to optimize the pattern synthesis of multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) radar, immune mechanism is adopted to overcome the premature risk of differential evolution (DE) algorithm, namely immune differential evolution (IDE). Firstly, the modeling of MIMO radar is introduced by encoding the position of array in the binary. Secondly, the immune mechanism is employed to improve the DE. In IDE, two parameters are self-adapted for the mutation operator by immune mechanism to enhance the convergence ability of DE, including scaling factor and crossover rate. Several experiments are conducted to analysis the performance of IDE. The simulation results show that the IDE with variable parameters can get optimal results in MIMO radar with lower the peak side-lobe level (PSLL) and maintain the diversity with stronger convergence ability and shorter calculation speed.
Assistant Diagnosis of Insanity Based on Infrared Thermal Image Analysis and Deep Learning Algorithm
Authors: Wang Yeping , Wang Xi , Xiao Peng , Chen Cheng , Xiao Ruoxiu , Wang Yanshen , Lu Yuanyuan , Wang Zhiliang
Published: February 2021

Considering the lack of in-depth research on the cases of insanity and other mental diseases in the context of traditional Chinese medicine, an deep learning based algorithm which can realize auxiliary judgment function of insanity are proposed in this paper. First, the original image set is screened and then an improved U-net network is used to realize the division of the trunk and limbs of the human body, thus preventing interference from disease-independent areas to affect subsequent disease judgment. Finally, based on the classification of insanity, the reference function of visual analysis is added. 1508 IR images are divided into two groups to test the proposed method. And experimental results show that accuracy of the classification of insanity diseases can reach 0.92, which has a high reference value for the clinical diagnosis of insanity.
Research on Image Segmentation Algorithm Based on Component Tree
Authors: Guo Yonghui , Li Yuntao , Zhang Yu , Zhou Zheshuai
Published: February 2021

The key part of sea target recognition is to search for the possible ship targets in the image. For the problem that the standard segmentation of threshold algorithm is not effective in the complex sea condition, in this paper, a component tree image segmentation method based on minimum error threshold and ship area is proposed for ship target recognition. Firstly, area criterion is used to filter the image, then minimum error threshold method is used to construct the component tree and determine the filtering mechanism, finally, gray level criterion is used to filter the component tree. The simulation results show that proposed method is effective.
Research on the Computer Controlled Velocity Simulation Device for Continuous Totalizing Automatic Weighing Instruments
Authors: Zhong Ruilin , Wu Di , Wang Jian , Chen Hanghang , Cai Changqing , Hu Manhong , Jiao Kai , Ding Jing’an
Published: February 2021

Continuous totalizing automatic weighing instruments is widely used in many industries, and need to be tested under different conditions especially for different temperature, humidity and electrical disturbance. Usually this kind of weighing instruments are very large and can not be put into such test environments, thus a test sample without belt conveyor is needed. Due to the working principle of continuous totalizing automatic weighing instruments, the test sample may include not only essential part of weighing instruments such as load cell, indicator, and load receptor, but also a device to simulate the displacement of the belt. In the paper, a device that can simulate the velocity of the belt is researched, it can generate square pulse signals to the test sample, thus the sample can operate as normal belt weigher. The configuration of the device is discussed and example is given to show its effectiveness.
Design of a High Precision Data Acquisition System of Weak Signal
Authors: Gao Wei , Mao Weiwei , Zhang Zhiguo
Published: February 2021

In order to solve the problem of high precision acquisition of weak signals, a high accurately weak signal acquisition system has been designed in this paper. According to the proposed design requirements of the data acquisition system, the hardware acquisition circuit and the drive circuit as well as the processing of the upper computer are divided into modules. As the central work of this paper, the hardware and software of the drive modules are designed with specific flowcharts are given. And the designs of the system were debugged, analyzed and tested through experiment tests, and the high precision data acquisition of 0.5V DC signal has been obtained with specific datum are provided. The effectiveness of the proposed design to data acquisition of weak signal has been validated by the experimental results, and this design could be used in engineering projects.
Electrophysics and optics in topological quantum nanophotonics of low-dimensional systems
Authors: Arakelian S. M , Buharov D. N , Khudaiberganov T. A , Osipov A. V
Published: February 2021

This work has been carried out on the basis of the fundamental areas of optics and electrophysics of topological nanoscale objects with an emphasis on demonstrating the work of the developed prototypes of the corresponding practical devices and on their test tests.
Laser surface hardening of steel parts
Authors: Korostelev V.F.
Published: February 2021

The hardness of steel parts after laser treatment depends on a number of factors. In this paper, attention is focused on the surface heating temperature. The aim of the study is to make a reasonable choice of heating temperature. The results of physical modeling are presented. It is established that the temperature of the phase transformation decreases by 150 … 200 K. This is due to thermal stresses. The kinetics and mechanism of transformation during laser processing affect the formation of the structure. Heating to a temperature 200.250 K below the melting point leads to an increase in hardness by 10-15 HRC units.
Percolation model of electric properties of laser modified PbTe film
Authors: Bukharov D.N. , Scryabin I.O. , Lelekova A.F. , Sisoyev M.R. , Arakelian S.M.
Published: February 2021

The results of experiments on obtaining and studying the electrical properties of semiconductor films of PbTe are presented, and a model of current-voltage characteristics in the percolation approximation is proposed. The simulation performed qualitatively correctly reflects the current-voltage characteristics of the obtained films.
Femtosecond laser micromachining of thin-film coatings in a high-voltage electrostatic field
Authors: Chkalov R.V. , Chkalova D.G.
Published: February 2021

The work is devoted to the problem of forming micro- and nanoscale elements topologies of high-resolution by means of controlled treatment of material surface with ultrashort laser pulses. The technology of processing thin-film coatings by the method of selective laser ablation is described. The possibility of using a high-voltage electrostatic field for collecting ablation products and preventing their deposition on the surface of formed microstructures is shown.
Developing Personal Subsidiary Farms in the Food Supply System of the Altai Krai
Authors: Vorobyova V V , Bugay Yu A
Published: February 2021

The paper identifies the problems of developing individual subsidiary farms in the Altai Krai in the context of sustainable development. The authors assess contemporary trends in small-scale farming in Russia and identify the main regions with a concentration of individual subsidiary farms in agricultural production. The main trends in the development of personal subsidiary farms are considered on the example of the Altai Krai. In individual subsidiary farms, the number of livestock and poultry decreases, and the number of bee families increases. Individual subsidiary farms remain the primary producers of potatoes, vegetables, wool, commercial honey, milk, cattle, meat, and poultry. The production marketability tends to increase but remains low. The reserve for the growth of sales volume due to production and marketing cooperation is practically not used since only five cooperatives are operating. The authors grouped the factors hindering the development of households, considering the demographic, behavioral, organizational, financial, and legal aspects of small businesses. In rural areas with a concentration of production in individual subsidiary farms, demographic indicators are at the regional average values. In addition, the labor market tension is lower than the average for the area.
The Inter-varietal Specifics of Celery Seed Morphological Parameters
Authors: Bukharov A F , Razin A F , Ivanova M I , Razin O A
Published: February 2021

The authors studied 12 varieties of leaf, root, and petiole celery. The morphological parameters of seeds (such as their length, the lengths of the endosperm and the embryo) varied significantly. Samples of “K-635” and “Vanyusha” exceeded the average seed length at a p-value of 5%, and at 1% for the “Royal night” variety. The varieties “Royal night,” “Prague giant,” “Vanyusha,” and “K-635” had the above-average endosperm length. The varieties “Apple,” “K-635”, “Senezh”, and “Royal night” significantly exceeded the average embryo length. Different varieties displayed diverse coefficients of morphological parameter variation. They fluctuated between 12.0% and 17.8% for the embryo length, between 9.4% and 17.3% for the endosperm length, and between 9.4% and 17.9% for seed length. The authors established the Iemb/end index, denoting the embryo to endosperm ratio. The sample maximums of this index (0.91) were observed in the “Malachite” and “Senezh” varieties. The authors analyzed statistical correlation for three parameter pairs and established the Rseed/end, Rseed/emb, and Rend/emb indexes. The Rseed/end index fluctuated from 0.774 in “Senezh” variety to 0.924 in “Malachite” variety. The other three indexes were relatively weak. Rend/emb fluctuated between 0.192 and 0.318, and Rseed/emb fluctuated between 0.157 and 0.254.
The Impact of Short-term Thermal Stress on the Consequent Germination of Dill Seeds
Authors: Bukharov A F , Razin A F , Baleev D N , Ivanova M I
Published: February 2021

The authors obtained new data on the germination of dill seeds, which were gathered from the first-order and second-order branches, after short-term thermal stress (40 °C). The seeds were germinated in a thermostat. The swollen seeds (4 replications with 100 seeds each) were incubated at 40 °C for 1 to 5 days. The seeds in the control group were not incubated. After the incubation, the seeds were transferred to the standard (t = 20 °C) conditions and germinated on filter paper in Petri dishes without light for 21 days. In this study, the authors employed the dynamic method of seed germination analysis. To plot the seed germination curve, the authors used a log-logistic regression with three parameters: b, d, and e. The statistical analysis was conducted in R 3.4.3. The authors determined the duration of heat stress that inhibits the germination speed and germination rate of seeds. Seeds gathered from the first-order branches (“first-order seeds” from now onward) after 1-day to 3-day incubation germinated similarly to the control group. Increasing the incubation period to 4–5 days sharply reduced the germination speed. Seeds gathered from the second-order branches (“second-order seeds” from now onward) were less resistant to high-temperature stress. Three-day incubation completely precluded germination. The germination time of 50% (T50) of the first-order seeds slowed by 0.92±0.11–6.4±0.49 days because of the gradual increase in incubation time. The second-order seeds that incubated for 1–2 days germinated significantly slower than the control group seeds. After this point, further incubation precluded germination. Upon reaching the incubation threshold, the germination rate curves steepened and then continued falling up to the full germination stop. The maximum incubation time (at 40 °C), after which germination was possible in standard temperature conditions, was 3.69±0.06 days for the first-order seeds, and 2.00±0.19 days for the second-order roots. The differences in data were statistically significant at p-value < 0.001
Intra-varietal Variability of Morphological Elements of Dill Seeds
Authors: Bukharov A F , Razin A F , Baleev D N , Razin O A , Ivanova M I
Published: February 2021

The authors of this study sampled the seeds of the “Centaur” dill variety, grown in the open field in the Moscow Region (Russia). The main morphometric parameters of dill seeds, i.e., the length of seed, endosperm, and embryo, varied significantly. Samples No. 3, 8, 17, and 30 consistently exceeded the average values in all three parameters. The authors note the high variability of all morphological elements of seeds. The embryo demonstrated the maximum index of variability (V=22.8%). The authors established the Iemb/end, denoting the embryo-to-endosperm ratio, and demonstrated its importance. Samples No. 8, 14, 17, and 27 had the maximum index values in the sample (1.5 times higher than the average). The reasons for the observed seed variability, especially the influence of hereditary and non-hereditary factors, constitute further research agenda.