bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LE COMBAT AU ESCLAVAGISME CONTEMPORAIN DANS LA PERSPECTIVE DE LA VICTIME: ÉTUDE DE CAS POUR COMPARER QUALITATIVEMENT LA RESPONSABILITÉ DANS LES SPHÈRES DU DROIT DU TRAVAIL ET CRIMINELLE
Authors: Severo Fabiana Galera
Published: July 2018

Cet article vise à analyser les mécanismes pour combattre l’esclavagisme à travers la perspective de la victime, en ce qui concerne les mesures de répression, protection et compensation. Pour cela, on compare deux cas de ressemblance maximale d’exploitation du travail dans des conditions d’esclavagisme contemporain, mais avec des resultats divers, lequels ont cherché, respectivement, la responsabilisation parmi la repression criminelle ou parmi l’sphère de la Justice du Travail. À partir des résultats obtenus, on espère déterminer les meilleures stratégies pour agir en faveur des victimes, au millieu du Bureau de Défenseurs Publiques Fédéraux du Brésil.
IMPACT OF INTERNATIONAL TREATIES AND CONVENTIONS ON THE BRAZILIAN ARBITRATION LAW
Authors: Diz Jamile Bergamaschine Mata , Ribeiro Clarissa Correa Neto
Published: July 2018

The arbitration as an alternative dispute settlement established itself nationally and internationally as a legitimate instrument to promote and expand access to justice. In this sense, the aim of this work is to analyze how the international treaties and conventions influenced the creation and development of the national arbitration law and its application in Brazil. Thus, we will seek to delimit what were the conventions, treaties, protocols and other international acts that had implications, positive or negative, when the adoption of Law n. 9307/96 by the Brazilian legislature, thereby seeking to analyze whether this law could actually absorb the parameters, criteria, nature and effects allowed by the international legal order. The correlation is also relevant to explain how Brazil has followed the international dynamics on bound rules to legal relations. Later, there will be an approximation, succinctly, on the main aspects of the law in relation to the object, subject, form of expression and effects of the use of arbitration and its respective application in Brazil.
NEUE REGELUNGEN DES INTERNATIONALEN ZIVILVERFAHRENSRECHTS IN BRASILIEN
Authors: Xavier Junior Ely Caetano , Castro Emília Lana de Freitas
Published: July 2018

Aufgrund des voranschreitenden Reformprozesses im Hinblick auf die brasilianische Zivilprozessordnung finden gegenwärtig zahlreiche Veränderungen Einzug in das internationale Zivilverfahrensrecht. Unter anderem sieht  ein Gesetzentwurf des brasilianischen Nationalkongresses Änderungen bei der internationalen Zuständigkeitsregelungen und der Wahl des Gerichtsstandes vor. Dies wird in Zukunft relevant bei internationalen Wirtschaftstransfers sein. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, durch eine genauere Analyse der Lehre und Rechtsprechung, die Unterschiede zwischen der aktuellen Zivilprozessordnung und dem Gesetzesvorhaben herauszuarbeiten.
CORPORATE SUSTAINABILITY: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE LEGAL DISCIPLINE OF THE NON-FINANCIAL INFORMS (BRAZIL AND EUROPEAN UNION)
Authors: Chaves Vinicius Figueiredo , Sertã Alexandre Folly Nogueira
Published: July 2018

From the theoretical reference of the sustainability, the article analyses the question of the incorporation of both social and environmental order considerations to the business and operations carried out by the companies, through the public dissemination of the performances in such areas. The research, focused on the quality, under a exploratory profile, and based in the bibliographic and documental review techniques, such as the data collection, is herein developed with the goal of identifying and analyzing, comparatively, the normative treatment applied to the scope of the public divulging of non-financial reports (the so called sustainability informs or reports), accordingly to both the Brazilian and European perspectives. As noted, in Brazil, there is no legal obligation to publish the sustainability reports, although the publishing is recommended to the companies by BM&FBOVESPA (administrative institution of the capital market), since December of 2011, through an instrument that characterizes a “soft” Law. On the other hand, in the European Union (EU) scope, there has been a recognition of the necessity to increase the transparency of social and environmental information by certain corporate societies and groups of companies, which is considered an imperative element for their social responsibility. Therefore, both the European Parliament and the European Union Counsel edited directives (2013/2014), regarding the subject of the publishing of non-financial information. The legislative acts in question are destined to all the members of the EU, compelling them to intervene in the national legal structures (“hard” Law) in order to transpose, to the respective structures, under mandatory character and established deadline, the general norms that consecrate certain common parameters regarding the subject.
NATIONALITY IN BRAZILIAN LAW
Authors: Rodrigue Paulo Cesar Villela Souto Lopes , Gbedemah Stephen Edem
Published: July 2018

This paper aims to present the rules of nationality in brazilian law. Therefore, it will demonstrate the constitutional cases of how nationality can be acquired and lost; and the possible distinctions between birth and naturalized nationals in the brazilian law.
EL SISTEMA INTERAMERICANO Y LA PROTECCIÓN DE LOS DERECHO HUMANOS DE LAS MUJERES: MONITOREO DE LAS PETICIONES CONTRA BRASIL (2006-15)
Authors: Silva Ianá Priscilla de Oliveira , Marchioni Alessandra
Published: July 2018

Este artículo contextualiza el desarrollo de los derechos humanos de las mujeres en la contemporaneidad, haciendo hincapié del sistema regional de protección y de la Convención Americana de Derechos Humanos/1969. En este contexto, son identificados los derechos específicos relativos a la protección de las mujeres y de los órganos de control administrativo y judicial con competencia para procesar y decidir sobre las demandas propuestas. Este estudio pretende investigar la hipótesis de que el sistema de peticiones individuales o quejas (individual complaints) propuestas junto a la Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos es mecanismo de control y mecanismo capaz de reflejar la situación de violación de los derechos contra la mujer en el país y puede funcionar como instrumento alternativo para garantizar los derechos humanos.
Free Radical Scavenging Activity and Antioxidants of Hydrocotyle vulgaris L. (Pennywort): Baseline Study in Developing Biocosmetic-Antidote for Pathological Aging
Authors: Ureta Romnick , Mejico Siegfred , Maranan Yvonne
Published: July 2018

Pathological aging due to harmful free radicals and oxidative stress has been a serious threat to human health (Kensella & He, 2008). Thus, the study aimed to evaluate the free radical scavenging activity, antioxidants, essential vitamins, and physicochemical properties of Hydrocotyle vulgaris L. (Pennywort) which could serve as basis in developing a biocosmetic antidote for pathological aging. H.vulgaris L. plant was harvested, air dried and then extracted via soxhlet. UV-vis spectroscopy was used for scavenging activity and antioxidants of the plant while High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was applied for the identification of essential vitamins. Phytochemicals, pH and spreadability values of the plant were also tested. Results revealed that H.vulgaris L. has an abundant presence of flavonoid and alkaloid while traced presence of tannin. Good trend for scavenging activity was also observed exhibiting low absorbance of possible free radicals with IC50 of 29.75 and antioxidant activity of 158.13 (Total Phenolics as gallic acid in %w/w). Meanwhile, β-carotene (10.4 mg/kg), Riboflavin (4.08mg/kg), and Vitamins C (70.2mg/kg) and E (26.9mg/kg) were also found in the plant. Non-irritating pH levels of 5.7 and 7.14 for 50% and 75% concentrations of the extracts with good spreadability value of 17.51 g∙cm/sec (for 75% concentration) were also obtained. Based on the findings of the study, Pennywort has a very promising therapeutic characteristics with its good scavenging activity and antioxidants. Thus, the development of a biocosmetic product that could serve as an antidote for pathological aging from Pennywort appeared to be very apparent.
Comparative Study on Phytochemical Composition and In Vitro Radical Scavenging Activity of Ethanolic Extracts of Landolphia lanceolata and Nutraceutical-C24/7
Authors: Chibuzo Carole Nweze , Hauwa Abdurrasheed Yusuf , Zubairu Ahmed
Published: July 2018

This study investigated the phytochemical composition andin-vitroradical scavenging activity of ethanolic extracts of Nutraceutical-C24/7 andLandolphialanceolatafruit. Phytochemical screening ofLandolphialanceolatafruit extractindicated the presence of phenols, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins, triterpenoids and steroids. While nutraceutical-C24/7 showed precence of with exception of saponins, terpenoids and triterpenoids. Some of the identified Phytochemicals and vitamins concentrations quantified were higher inLandolphialanceolatafruit extractthan nutraceutical-C24/7 with statistically significant difference (p<0.05) with the former having flavonoids 0.062±0.00mg/ml, phenol 0.097±0.00mg/ml, vitamin C 206±42mg/dL, vitamin B154.16±0.00mg/dL and vitamin B20.11±0.00mg/dL while, Nutraceutical-C24/7 extract had flavonoid 0.117±0.00mg/ml, phenol 0.032±0.00, vitamin C 102.24±0.00mg/dL, vitamin B123.36±0.00mg/dL, and vitamin B20.067±0.00mg/dL. The study also showed that at higher concentration, DPPH radical, ferric ion, and hydrogen peroxide the extracts radical scavenging activity increased. The study showed that the extracts scavenging activities at different concentrations had higher percentage inhibition on DPPH radical, reducing power of ferric ion capabilities and reducing composition of hydrogen peroxide indicated that ethanolic extract ofLandolphialanceolatafruits showed statistically significant different (p<0.05) when compared with ethanolic extract of Nutraceutical-C24/7. Standard vitamin C percentage inhibition for DPPH radical compared well with that ofLandolphialanceolatafruit extract at higher concentration with no statistical significant different (p>0.05).The indigenous functional foodLandolphialanceolatafruit can be concluded to be a good antioxidant that can scavenge, inhibit and quench free radicals. This suggests thatLandolphialanceolatamay be considered a good source and alternative antioxidant for developing countries like Nigeria.
Steinbeck’s East of Eden: Redefining the Evil within Cathy Ames
Authors: Saputra Bianca
Published: July 2018

East of Eden, published in 1952, has been criticized as both feminist and misogynistic in nature. This contrasting criticism can be attributed to the varied interpretations of female roles in the novel. This paper aims to examine East of Eden using feminist and archetypal theory. Archetypal theory studies roles characters play through fundamental and inherited symbols. These symbols are thematic associations that are common to humanity in general. Feminist theory analyzes texts based on how power is manipulated to establish the dominance or subordination of either gender. In particular, feminist theory studies how females claim, assert or subvert power for themselves. Coupled together, the theories seek to understand how established conventions influence the female experience. By analyzing the intersection between the roles portrayed by the women in the Salinas Valley and societal expectations, this paper intends to explore the influence of tradition on decision making.
A Comparative Study of Taking Pride in One’s Own Poetry: Hafez and Shakespeare
Authors: Roozbeh Roohollah
Published: July 2018

Pride is discredited in all cultures, but pride in poetic talent is praiseworthy in all areas. In poetry, the geniuses of all eras have enjoyed their poetry and have paid attention to and have taken great pride in their own poetry. Hafiz boasts of his poetry and is so sure of his poetry that he knows that so long as people reside on earth, the world will read and receive his poetry. The same parallel is found in Shakespeare's poetry so much so that Shakespeare is sure that his poem will be read so long as people can breathe and see. This belief in the immortality of poetry and its effects in the two poets are followed in this article. The dimensions of this issue and the reasons for the discourse of poetry and sonnet are explained in detail. The conclusion is that the two poets are proud of beautiful form and musicality of their poetry which will spread through the world. This is endorsed through the untranslatability of the poems of the two poets ’poetry. The methodology of this paper is based on the descriptive-analytical approach of the American comparative Literature School. The focus of this study is to compare pride in the poetry of Hafez and Shakespeare.
In Vitro Propagation of a Vietnam Endemic Lady’s Slipper Orchid (Paphiopedilum vietnamense O.Gruss & Perner)
Authors: Nguyen Thi Tinh , Nguyen Tien Dung , Dao Xuan Thanh , Chu Truc Dat , Ngo Xuan Binh
Published: July 2018

P. vietnamenseO. Gruss & Perner is one of the endemic lady’s slipper orchids in Vietnam that has been known as an endangered species threatened with extinction due to over-collection. To protectP. vietnamensespecies,In Vitropropagation method needs to be established for producing plantlets that can be introduced back in wild, as well as commercialized. In this study, we examined the effect of basal culture medium, plant growth regulators, and AC on the micropropagation ability ofP. vietnamense, which were collected from wild population in Thai Nguyen province, Northeastern Vietnam. We determined that the 0.2% HgCl2can be used in within 5 to 10 min for sterilizing axillary buds ofP. vietnamense, resulting in 65.55% of disinfected samples. Moreover, the 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg 1-1BA and 1.0 mg 1-1NAA, which gave about 2.85 shoots/sample, was the most suitable for shoot regeneration and multiplication. In addition, the result also indicated that 0.5 mg 1-1NAA and 1.0 g 1-1AC gave the best results (88.89%) for root induction and plantlets
Detection of Bacterial Leaf Blight Resistance Genes in Indigenous Glutinous Rice Landraces
Authors: Thanh T. , Ton P.H. , Hai V.D. , Luong N.T. , Hai T.V. , Hien P.B. , Nghia L.T. , Trung D.M. , Duong N.T. , Trung K.H. , Khanh Tran Dang
Published: July 2018

Bacterial leaf blight disease (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv is one of the most widespread devastating diseases of rice worldwide. In this study, a total of 86 indigenous glutinous rice landraces were examined for BLB resistant genes included Xa4, xa5, and Xa7 by using molecular markers. The results indicated that 37 samples carrying resistant genes, in which Xa4 was found in 11 samples, xa5 determined in 6 samples, Xa7 was in 19 samples, respectively. However, both of Xa7 and Xa4 were observed in only one sample. The resistant level against 10 bacterial strains carrying the resistant genes was also evaluated. We found that the number 6, 9, and 8 out of the 10 bacterial strains were resistant to the landraces which carried the Xa4, xa5, and Xa7. The bacterial strain number 5 was revealed highly toxic, causing infection of all samples. The agronomical traits, yield and yield components of 37 rice landraces included the resistant genes (Xa4, xa5 and Xa7) were evaluated. Our findings may provide useful genetic sources in indigenous glutinous rice landraces to further develop BLB resistant rice lines via molecular breeding program.
Erosion Effect on Soil Physical Properties in Selected Farmlands in Gidan Kwano, Niger State
Authors: Abdullahi Abdulkadir
Published: July 2018

The study was conducted to investigate if erosion is a major problem and to identify the effect of erosion on some physical properties on selected farmlands on four farms in Gidan kwano. It was done by observation, interview, and questionnaire and soil sample analysis. The infiltration rate, bulk density, porosity, organic matter content, particle size and aggregate stability were determined for all the sample location. The erosion fields results were compared with the results of the non-eroded fields. The results showed that farming was done with simple method and mechanized equipment when available and erosion was considered a major problem in all the farms. The results revealed that bulk density values ranged between 1.475gcm-3and 1.606gcm-3, cumulative infiltration rate fluctuated between 29.75cm/hr and 37.48cm/hr, porosity ranged between 36.49% and 44.34%, organic matter content fluctuated between 0.29% and 0.73% and aggregate stability ranged between 58.00% and 67.60% for the erosion field. The results also revealed that bulk density fluctuated between 1.458gcm-3and 1.544gcm-3, cumulative infiltration rate ranged between 32.19 cm/hr and 40.48cm/hr, porosity fluctuated between 41.73% and 44.98%, organic matter content ranged between 0.30% and 1.09% and aggregate stability ranged between 63.97% and 68.93% for the non-eroded field. From the results, it provides evidence that the effects of erosion on the physical properties were increased bulk density, decreased infiltration rate, organic matter content, porosity, aggregate stability and percentage sand, silt and clay content. Statistical analysis proved that the results were significant (p<0.05) except for the bulk density and porosity which could be attributed to the swelling and compaction characteristics of the soils.
Identification of Vietnamese Native Rhododendron and Enkianthus Species of Ericaceae Family Based on Ribosomal DNA Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) Sequence
Authors: Tam T.V. , Dong D.V. , Lam D.V. , Anh T.H. , Van N.D. , Trung D.M. , Duong T.D. , Trung K.H. , Duong N.T. , Khanh Tran Dang
Published: July 2018

The genusRhododendronandEnkianthusare belonging theEricaceaefamily. In Vietnam there have diversified with 12 genera and about 90 species, of which morerhododendrons30 species with beautiful flowers and two ofEnkianthusspecies, widely distributed across the regions of the country. In this study, twelve Vietnamese nativeRhododendronandEnkianthusspecies collected from Quang Ninh province were identified based on sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA. Comparison on sequencing among 12 Vietnamese nativeRhododendronandEnkianthuswith world'sRhododendronandEnkianthusspecies, we have determined the accurate same pattern the 5/10 species by recognition molecule forms such as DQ2, DQ5, DQ6, DQ7, DQ8 and five species as DQ1, DQ9, DQ10, DQ11 and DQ12 were determined in genusRhododendronspecies. Two varieties ofEnkianthusas DQ3 and DQ4 were identified asEnkianthus quinqueflorus. Although the species is still limited but the ITS sequences application revealed the strength of promotion of universal DNA barcode in the delimitation of species and subspecies level for plant group flowering.
Determination of the Nutrients, Anti-Nutrients and Functional Properties of Processed Cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) Cultivars Grown in Southeast, Nigeria
Authors: Ukom Anthony N. , Okerue C.F.L.
Published: July 2018

This project determined the nutrients, anti-nutrients and functional properties of two cultivars of processed (boiled and fermented)Xanthosoma sagittifolium(edeochaandede uhie) flours grown in Southern, Nigeria. The proximate, minerals, chemical, anti-nutrients and functional properties of the cocoyam flours varied significantly (P<0.05). The results showed that the moisture content varied from 6.17% to 7.88%, withede uhieexhibiting higher values. The same trend was observed in crude protein (4.33- 5.92%), crude fiber (1.04-1.94%), crude fat (1.16-3.22%), ash (2.17-2.93%), withede uhieexhibiting higher values thanede ocha.However, the carbohydrate and energy values were higher inede ocha. For the mineral contents, the range values were: Ca (10.23-41.17mg/100g), Na (15.22-17.66mg/100g), Mg (5.82-8.38mg/100g), P (12.31-16.19mg/100g), K (2.78-3.62mg/100g), withede uhieshowing higher values. On pH, TTA, starch and total sugar, it was observed that fermentedede ochahad higher pH value (6.82), TTA was higher in fermentedede ocha(0.92%), starch (24.66) and total sugar (3.29) values were higher in rawede ochathan others. Anti-nutrient factors were generously reduced by processing methods especially boiling by between 50-100%, and fermentation by between 5-77% in most of the parameters analyzed. Functional properties ranged from BD (0.60-0.81g/mL), WAC (2.19-2.71g/mL), OAC (1.45-2.92g/mL), FC (16.38-19.52g/mL), FS (1.96-2.48 min/sec) and GT (60.85-81.05 °C). While BD, WAC, OAC, FC were higher in theede ochaflour, FS and GT were higher inede uhieflour. Relating the physicochemical and functional properties,ede ochahas a potential for a quality food thickener. Overall, the results obtained in this study can be used to develop cocoyam food based products for enhanced nutrition with a potential to promote cocoyam commercial agriculture and composite utilization for confectionary industries in Nigeria.
Microbiological, Physicochemical and Enzymatic Changes in Fermented African Locust Bean (Parkia biglobosa) Seeds Using Bacillus subtilis and Additives
Authors: Omodara T.R. , Aderibigbe Esther Y.
Published: July 2018

Traditional fermentation of dried seeds ofParkia biglobosais used to produce a local product called ‘iru’. It is a condiment consumed mostly in Western Nigeria. In this study, the effect ofBacillussubtilisBC4333starter cultures and different additives, such as local softening agents called ‘kuuru’,Hibiscus sabdariffaseed cotyledon and ash from cashew (Anacardium occidentals) plants as on the microbiological, physicochemical, and enzymatic properties of fermentedParkia biglobosaseeds were investigated. The dried seeds ofParkia biglobosawere processed by boiling the cotyledons withHibiscus sabdariffa,‘kuuru’ andAnacardium occidentals(cashew plant) ash using natural fermentation andBacillus subtilisstrainBC4333as a starter culture. The fermentations were carried out at 35°C for 36 hrs. Commercially fermented Parkiabiglobosaseed (called ‘iru-pete’) was used as control. All the samples were analyzed for microbial, physico-chemical and enzymatic properties using standard biochemical techniques. ‘Iru’ produced using ‘kuuru’ (IFK) had the highest microbial count of 7.88 log CFU/g, while the microbial count of íru’ produced with ash (IFA) and íru’ produced with dried seeds ofHibscus sabdariffa(IFH) were 7.69 log CFU/g and 7.75 log CFU/g respectively. The pH of the fermented products ranged between 7.06 and 7.91, while the unfermented sample (UFS) had pH 6.68. The unfermented sample had the highest total titratable acidity (TTA) of 2.6×10-2N while the ‘iru’ samples produced using ‘kuuru’(IFK) had the least TTA of 1.0×10-2N. Fermentation significantly increased the moisture content of the products. Starter culture fermented ‘iru’ (F14) had the highest protease, amylase and phytase activity of 232.3UPR, 0.41UAM and 71.85UPH respectively. Findings from this study suggest that ‘iru’ produced by addition ofBacillus subtilisstrain BC4333 had the best desirable biochemical qualities when compared to the other test additives and thus recommened for commercial scale.
Bromelain Activity of Waste Parts of Two Pineapple Varieties
Authors: Benefo Edmund Ofosu , Ofosu Isaac Williams
Published: July 2018

Bromelain, a protease found in pineapples, is of high demand in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries. Along the pineapple processing chain, waste products such as peels, crowns, stems and cores result. These parts are usually discarded, though they contain significant amounts of the enzyme bromelain. This study sought to determine the bromelain activity of the crowns and peels of two pineapple varieties grown in Ghana;MD2andSugarloaf. The crude extract was obtained by homogenising the peels and crowns in a cold phosphate buffer and centrifuging at 3000 rpm for 15 min. Ethanol and ammonium sulphate precipitation were carried out on the extract between 30% – 80% precipitation levels. The enzyme activity was determined using the casein digestion method. Results showed that bromelain was precipitated mainly in the 30% – 60% precipitation range.Sugarloafcrowns yielded the highest enzyme activity of 20.82 U/ml and a specific activity of 194.58 U/mg at the 40% ammonium sulphate precipitation level. This was followed by theSugarloafpeels with an enzyme activity of 19.98 U/ml at 50% ethanol precipitation level. Ethanol precipitation resulted in fractions with lower bromelain activity. Enzyme activity was higher in theSugarloafvariety and also in the crowns of both varieties. The two pineapple varieties have significant levels of bromelain activity and could be exploited for commercialisation.
Comparison of active versus expectant management on fetomaternal outcome in patients with placenta previa
Authors: Arthi P. Nivedhana , R. Durga , B. Jalakandan
Published: July 2018

Background: Placenta previa is one of the leading cause (31%) of obstetric hemorrhage. It accounts for significant maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The objective of the present investigation was to compare the effect of active management versus expectant management on maternal and fetal outcome in patients with placenta previa.Methods: This randomized prospective cohort study was conducted on 100 Patients of 32 weeks to 36 weeks of gestation with diagnosis of Placenta previa. Selected patients were randomly divided into Group A- Active management and Group B - Expectant management.Results: In both the groups, majority of women were in the age group of 26-30 years and were multigravidas. The need for blood transfusion and the mode of delivery were similar in both the groups. Group A had higher incidence of PPH (22% vs 10%) and peripartum hysterectomy (18% vs 2%) when compared to group B. The maternal deaths were more in group A (4% vs 2%). Majority of the babies born to group A mothers had a low Apgar, birth weight below 2 kgs and greater NICU admission. The perinatal deaths were more in group A (16% vs 2%) and the difference was statistically significant.Conclusions: The expectant management protocol was concluded to be a better mode of management protocol in patients with placenta praevia, who are either asymptomatic or with mild to moderate bleeding.
Fungal infection profile in burn patients at a tertiary care centre of India
Authors: Ahmad Imran , Khurram Mohammed Fahud , Maurya Sudheer Kumar , Maurya Rajesh Kumar , Sheikh Mohd. Tafazul
Published: July 2018

Background: Burn patients are at high risk of infections and burn wound infection is one of the most important factor responsible for their morbidity and mortality. Burn patients have increased incidence of fungal infection in comparison to others. Fungal infection is difficult to diagnose because it has similar symptoms like bacterial infections. Common fungal organism causing burn wounds infections are Candida sp., Aspergillus sp., non albicans Candida, Zygomycetes etc.Methods: This prospective study was carried out in Department of Burn, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, J.N.M.C.H., Aligarh Muslim University, India from December 2015 to June 2017. Patients having 20 to 60% body surface area involvement with more than 5 years of age with no comorbidity were included in this study.Results: In our study, total 126 patients were included, 9 male patients (18.37%) were found fungal culture positive whereas 14 females (18.18%) were culture positive. 12 patients (9.52%) were found to be positive for Candida albicans, 6 patients (4.76%) were Aspergillus flavus positive, 3 patients (2.38%) were positive for Non Candida albicans and 2 patients (1.59%) were positive for Aspergillus niger.Conclusions: Fungal burn wound infections are one of the most common cause of late onset morbidity and mortality in burn patients. So, high level of suspicion and tissue culture are essential in making early diagnosis and treatment. Judicious use of antibiotics are also necessary for decreasing its incidence.
Parachute mitral valve with late presentation: rare case reports
Authors: Bade Arun Shivajirao , Patil Vishal , Shaikh Shakil , Khemani Hemant , Singh Gurkirat , Bansal Narender Omprakash
Published: July 2018

Congenital mitral stenosis involves the annulus, the zone immediately above and contiguous with the annulus, the leaflets, the chordae tendineae, and the papillary muscles. In a parachute mitral valve (PMV), all chordae tendineae which are usually shorter and thicker than normal type, inserted into this single papillary muscle. This condition restricts the motion of leaflets and obstructs the blood flow into the left ventricle during diastole. Here we present two cases of severe congenital mitral stenosis with severe pulmonary hypertension due to parachute mitral valve that allowed survival into adulthood without any specific treatment.
Analytical study of bladder tumor
Authors: Agrawal Akash , Kalaswa Rashmin , Palekar H. D.
Published: July 2018

Background: Treatment of bladder tumor still provides the romance in Urology. The purpose of this study is to study the prevalence of various types of bladder tumors, to compare various treatment modalities for bladder tumors, to study different presentations of patients with bladder tumor.Methods: The present study was a prospective analytical study of 30 patients of bladder tumor conducted at Dhiraj General Hospital attached to S.B.K.S Medical College from October 2011 to July 2013. All the details of patients in term of demography, risk factors, symptoms and sign, radiological, endoscopic, histopathological features, various treatment modalities offered, and follow-up of patients were studied and analysed using descriptive statistics.Results: Maximum number of patients was presented in sixth decade of life. Youngest patient was 30 years old and oldest patient was 77 years old. 80% patients were male, and 20% patients were female. History of smoking was present in 22 patients, history of exposure to occupational hazards was present in 4 patients and only 2 patients had positive family history. Majority 93.3% patients were presented with haematuria and 16 patients had anaemia. 15 patients had high grade muscle invasive TCC, followed by 10 patients with low grade non-muscle invasive TCC. 3 patients were having low grade non-muscle invasive SCC, 1 patient was having high grade muscle invasive SCC and 1 patient was having high grade non-muscle invasive TCC.Conclusions: The findings of the study conclude that TURBT followed by intravesical instillation of BCG gave good results in patients with low grade and high grade non-muscle invasive tumor. For muscle invasive tumor radical cystectomy with urinary diversion is the ideal treatment but TURBT followed by radiotherapy has also given good results with fewer side effects.
Utilization of Edmodo as an Online Tool in EFL Writing Class to Increase Students’ Writing Ability
Authors: Miftah M. Zaini
Published: July 2018

This article reports the results of investigation on the utilization of Edmodo as an online tool in EFL writing class to increase the students’ ability in producing an argumentative essay. Classroom Action Research was applied in the study. 15 Indonesian EFL students who enrolled in the course of Argumentative Writing became the participants of the study. Observation, writing task, questionnaire, and field notes were used for the data collection. The data obtained were categorized into qualitative and quantitative data. The collected data were then analyzed for the conclusion drawn. The results show that the utilization of Edmodo in EFL writing class could significantly increase the students’ ability in producing an argumentative essay in the Cycle 2. The Appropriate teaching procedures are; prepare the teaching materials, introduce Edmodo, guide students to get ready to use Edmodo, give an opportunity to students to get in the Edmodo group, train students to use Edmodo group, group students in the small group via Edmodo, give students writing tasks through Edmodo, provide a guideline and tell students to follow the guideline to access their small group, ask students to post their first drafts of an argumentative essay on their small groups, ask students to give feedback on their peers’ works, ask students to revise their drafts of the argumentative essay based on the their peers’ feedback and teacher, and ask students to post their final products of an argumentative essay on their Edmodo account.Keywords: Edmodo; Online tool, EFL writing class, Writing ability, Argumentative essay
Teachers’ Capacity of Instruction for Developing Higher – Order Thinking Skills for Upper Secondary Students – A Case Study in Teaching Mathematics in Vietnam
Authors: CAO Ha Thi
Published: July 2018

In the social model, in order to live and work in a complex and competitive environment of the 21st century, students must be well-equipped with such important skills and qualifications, of which creativity, critical thinking, communication and collaboration skills are very necessary for learners in the future. In this paper, the researcher aims to focus on teachers’ competency of instruction for developing higher-order thinking skills (creativity, critical thinking skills) through teaching and learning Mathematics in Vietnam.
Effectiveness of Resiliency Training in the Mental Health of the Red Crescent Health Care Teams
Authors: ADIBI LARIJANI Haleh , GARMAROUDI Gholamreza
Published: July 2018

Background and Objectives: Iran is considered as a country prone to accidents due to its geographical situations. The health and medical teams at the National and International Crescent Society have always played a central role in responding to crises. In addition to financial and psychological damage, psychological damage is one of the indemnities that people living in affected areas and relief workers pay in natural and man-made disasters. Therefore, improving the mental health of emergency forces is essential.Method: This study was an experimental study with control group. The research community comprised 126 members of the Primary Care teams in the Red Crescent Health Care. Sampling was done randomly from among the health care teams of the Red Crescent society. Subjects in both experimental and control groups completed the Mental Health Questionnaire (GHQ) in the pre-test and post-test. At last, the data were analyzed using SPSS software and descriptive statistical tests such as Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann–Whitney U test and Wilcoxon.Results: The results of this study showed that resiliency training has been effective in promoting the mental health of members in the Red Crescent Health Care Teams. Indices of physical symptoms, anxiety, social performance and depression were not significantly different in the control group before and after the training. Indices of physical symptoms, anxiety and social performance were significant in the exerimrntal group before and after the training. However, the depression index was not significant in the experimental group before and after the training (55 = p). Indices of physical symptoms, anxiety, social performance and depression were not significantly different in the pretest between the control and the experimental group. Indices of physical symptoms, anxiety and depression were significant in the post test between the control and experimental groups. However, social performance index was not significantly different between the two groups in the post test (291 = P).Conclusion: Regarding to the fact that the mental health of the members of Red Crescent health care teams have been enhanced by resiliency training and will ultimately affect the future performance of the health and medical personnel in crisis situations, it’s recommended that coherent training courses be held in all the provinces.
Evaluating Bedside Lung Ultrasound Examination (BLUE Protocol) Training and Learning among Emergency Medicine Residents of Iran University of Medical Sciences
Authors: SALEHPOUR Rasoul , CHAHARDOLI Mojtaba , SHEKAR RIZ FOMANI Nima , AZARMNIA Mehdi
Published: July 2018

Introduction: Research conducted in the department of emergency over the past years has shown that ultrasound in the patient's bedside can improve care in the hospital's department of emergency. The purpose of this study was to examine the learning of the BLUE protocol in the emergency medicine resident.Material & Methods: This study was designed as a qualitative study of pretest and posttest type that was conducted on emergency medical assistants who were employed in teaching hospitals of Iran University of Medical Sciences. In this study, sampling was done as a whole. In this study, patients' data was collected through pre-designed questionnaires. Then, after teaching the theory and practice of sonography by faculty of emergency medicine, the learning curve of ultra-sonographies performed by the assistants were studied separately until they reached the full competencies and confirmed by the corresponding professor.Results: In this study, a total of 85 emergency medical assistants were evaluated in terms of education and chest sonography (blue protocol) learning. The agreement between the performance of each assistant and the corresponding teacher was evaluated in 23 consecutive steps for assessing Lung sliding, determining the lung profile, and also identifying the B lines, and eventually identifying the complication in 747 patients with a mean age of 48.2 ± 6.1 which required pulmonary examination. The agreement rate increased by 0.09, 0.43, 0.08, and 0.371 respectively. There was a significant difference in the statistical analysis of the mean changes in the blue protocol. In the study of changes in the mean of the agreement coefficients, we reduced these changes and the average of the total coefficients of the agreement was increasing the convergence coefficient.Conclusion: The course of lung ultrasonography in the patient's bedside, according to the BLUE protocol, in the emergency medicine resident shows that during the training, the experience of the assistants has been increased and the professors are close to recognizing the BLUE protocol profiles.
Effect of Problem Solving Based Group Counseling on Marital Satisfaction of Mothers with Intellectually Disabled Children: Gorgan, Iran (2016)
Authors: SOMAYEH Yoosefi , TAYEBE Ziaei , KATAYOUN Jalaliaria , FATEMEH Naghinasab Ardehaee , AHMAD Danesh , MAHIN Tatari
Published: July 2018

Introduction: Diagnosis of intellectual disability in children poses mental pressure and emotional crisis with respect to keeping, raising, and training to family members and mothers, in particular. This issue can also negatively affect marital satisfaction of the parents. The present research was conducted to assess the effect of problem-solving based group counseling on marital satisfaction in mothers with intellectually disabled children.Material and Methods: The Statistical population of the present intervention-control study is comprised of mothers with intellectually disabled children referring to two health centers in Gorgan City, Iran, in 2016. Research samples consisted of 30 subjects randomly assigned to two control and intervention groups. The intervention group was subjected to 6 sessions (once in a week) of problem-solving based group counseling while the control group received no intervention. At the end of these sessions, the Persian version of Evaluation and Nurturing Relationship Issues Communication and Happiness (ENRICH), which consists of 47 items with 11 subscales, was completed in two steps: one week and one month after the intervention. The gathered data were analyzed using repeated measures of analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a follow-up test in the SPSS16 software.Results: The results showed that mean and standard deviation of marital satisfaction scores in three steps of intervention including before, one week after, and one month after the intervention was 140.7 ± 15.08, 143.13 ± 14.43, and 150.73 ± 11.65, respectively. As can be seen, there is a statistically significant difference between marital satisfaction scores before and one month after the intervention (P = 0.016) while this score is almost constant in the control group during the study period.Conclusion: The results show that by the passage of time mothers learn and apply better the problem-solving skill in their life, leading to their enhanced marital satisfaction. Thus, it is suggested training these skills to the mothers with intellectually disabled children referring to the health and rehabilitation centers by midwives and midwifery consultants.
Caracterización de Sistemas de Producción Agropecuarios en el proyecto de riego Guarguallá-Licto, cantón Riobamba, provincia de Chimborazo
Authors: Verdezoto Vargas Victor Hugo , Viera Pico Jorge Enrique
Published: July 2018

Esta investigación surge por la necesidad de identificar y caracterizar las tipologías campesinas y sistemas de producción agropecuarios predominantes en el proyecto de riego Guarguallá - Licto, ubicado en la parroquia Licto, cantón Riobamba, provincia de Chimborazo, cuyo objetivo general fue identificar los sistemas de producción agropecuarios, para la formulación de estrategias de intervención diferenciadas por sistema y tipología campesina, con lo cual se mejoraría los ingresos económicos de las comunidades. La población objetivo estuvo constituida por 900 familias campesinas, donde todas las unidades productivas agropecuarias (UPA) fueron escogidas al azar desarrollándose un muestreo aleatorio simple. Las encuestas, se aplicaron a 133 pequeños productores rurales de 14 comunidades, lo que permitió recopilar información relevante de 30 variables identificadas de las características agrosocioproductivas. Como resultado se obtuvo que el 87.22% de pequeños productores conforman el mayor grupo denominado Tipología 1, los mismos que se encuentran dentro del Sistema de producción 1. El 12.78% se distribuye entre pequeños grupos que pertenecen a la Tipología y Sistema de Producción 2. La propuesta de intervención para estos dos Sistemas de Producción se enfoca en la unificación de parcelas dispersas y prácticas de agricultura sostenible.
MEMÓRIAS PLURAIS E DIREITOS CULTURAIS (VERSáƒO EM INGLáŠS)
Authors: MOTTA ANTONIO
Published: July 2018

Resumo: Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir, a partir do campo do patrimônio e dos museus, o cenário contemporá¢neo dos direitos e das polá­ticas culturais no Brasil e suas implicações na esfera pública.Palavras-chave: Direitos Culturais. Museus. Polá­ticas Culturais. Patrimônio.PLURAL MEMORIES AND CULTURAL RIGHTSAbstract: This article aims to discuss, from the perspective of heritage and museums, the contemporary scenario of cultural rights and policies in Brazil and their implications in the public realm.                                                                                                                  Keywords: Cultural Rights. Museums. Cultural Policies. Heritage.MEMORIAS PLURALES Y DERECHOS CULTURALESResumen: Este artá­culo tiene por objetivo discutir, a partir del campo del patrimonio y de los museos, el escenario contemporáneo de los derechos y de las polá­ticas culturales en Brasil y sus implicaciones en la esfera pública.  Palabras claves: Derechos Culturales. Museos. Polá­ticas Culturales. Patrimonio.
La participación en línea en la esfera pública. Las ambigüedades del afecto
Authors: Dahlgren Peter
Published: July 2018

El punto de partida de este artículo consiste en la cre­ciente atención al afecto como aspecto importante de la participación política, en particular en el contexto del rol de los medios sociales en la democracia y en las esferas públicas. El abordaje recopila una amplia variedad de análisis e investigaciones sobre la participación, las esfe­ras públicas y el afecto, con el objetivo de destacar logros importantes, problemas y ambigüedades. Al abordar este grupo de temas relacionados, no encontramos un conjunto de conocimientos acumulativo y unificado, sino facetas de diversas tradiciones. Si bien esto puede presentar ciertas dificultades, al mismo tiempo puede alentarnos a reflexionar sobre nuestras propias premisas. La primera parte trata el concepto de participación. Allí se expone una visión estricta que considera a la parti­cipación como una intervención, por pequeña que sea, en las relaciones de poder. Mientras que en un segundo momento se explora la noción de afecto: se lo encuadra dentro del campo de fuerza de la racionalidad y la emo­cionalidad, las cuales han sido ideas centrales en la teoría de la democracia. La tercera parte del artículo se enfoca en el entorno en línea, en particular en los medios so­ciales, destacándose algunas de las ambivalencias persistentes en la participación en línea y su relevancia para el afecto. La parte final ofrece unas breves reflexiones sobre el afecto y el populismo, incluido el tema de los caminos públicos legítimos hacia el conocimiento.
¿Víctimas virtuales? Inseguridad, públicos y redes sociales en Argentina
Authors: Galar Santiago , Focás Brenda
Published: July 2018

Internet se transformó en los últimos años en una plataforma de procesos de interacción online que amplió la posibilidad de participación a usuarios/as no expertos. En ese contexto, la inseguridad, como issue, constituyó un tema usual para su difusión y debate por espacios virtuales. En el presente artículo nos proponemos indagar sobre las prácticas en redes sociales ejercidas por públicos que se conforman alrededor de la inseguridad en Argentina durante la última década, atendiendo particularmente a las prácticas de aquellos/as familiares de víctimas del delito. Con este objetivo indagamos sobre diversas experiencias: en primer lugar, analizamos prácticas y contenidos emergentes de tres espacios en redes sociales vinculados a casos de inseguridad. En segundo lugar, realizamos entrevistas en profundidad con administradores/as de diversas páginas (o fanpages) y grupos abiertos de Facebook vinculados a la experiencia de la victimización y la inseguridad. Finalmente, participamos de acciones colectivas callejeras vinculadas a la organización y demanda de estos grupos virtuales, particularmente una marcha por seguridad. El trabajo se centra en las dinámicas de los procesos que confluyen en estas experiencias y en las prácticas de los actores que les dan entidad, sobre los cuales realizamos un análisis de tipo cualitativo.
¿Burbujas de filtro? Hacia una fenomenología algorítmica
Authors: Rossi Aníbal
Published: July 2018

El presente trabajo reflexiona sobre las implicancias en la vida social de los sistemas algorítmicos que componen las diferentes plataformas digitales de acceso y participación en la web. El concepto de burbujas de filtro brindado por Pariser (2011) es el punto de partida. El mismo es sometido a una lectura crítica con la intención de explicitar sus aristas más potentes, es decir, aquellas que abren camino a un amplio terreno de investigación sobre nuestra actual ecología mediática y en el que poco han incursionado los discursos académicos hispanoamericanos.

Desde una mirada crítica se pone en crisis la metáfora de la burbuja y su capacidad heurística para aprehender, en su complejidad, el impacto de los criterios maquínicos de selección en nuestras formas tecnológicas de vida (Lash, 2005). En su lugar, se propone el concepto de fenomenología algorítmica, concluyendo en la necesidad de una relación dialógica y/o metacomunicativa entre los usuarios y los sistemas algorítmicos en relación con los cuales los primeros experiencian el mundo. Finalmente, se exponen los resultados de un experimento empírico acotado en el que se indaga: por un lado, la veracidad de la hipótesis que presenta a Google como plataforma que aísla informativamente a sus usuarios y a DuckDuckGo como un buscador genérico; y, por otra parte, el grado de conocimiento y la disposición a intervenir las opciones de configuración ofrecidas por los buscadores.