bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pattern Recognition in Embedded Systems for Event Occurrences
Authors: Urunkar Abhishek , Khapre Sudhanshu , Kasabe Mayuri
Published: February 2024

Abstract: PR (pattern recognition) typically includes interaction with humans and other complicated processes in the real world, embedded systems are ideal candidates. A typical PR application often considered the more perceptual branch of AI, responds to external events that the system detects through physical sensors or input devices by activating actuators or displaying relevant information. To explore the embedded recognition system and apply the deep learning algorithm to face detection, the deep learning-based Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)suggests two deep face detection methods. These are presented to use the deep learning algorithm.This was done to make it possible for us to use the deep learning algorithm for face detection. Because of this, to analyze the built-in face recognition system and applied the deep learning algorithm to the process of identifying faces. In addition, to do both things simultaneously. OMTCNN's training accuracy is 85.14%, higher than the unimproved algorithm. Accuracy of the recognition and calculation acceleration modules boosts embedded system face detection and identification performance. Embedded deep learning recognition is helpful.
Movie Recommendation System Using Machine Learning
Authors: Parde Prof. M. A. , Shirke Rushikesh P. , Patil Shreyas S. , Bundhade Prajwal S. , Raut Niraj R.
Published: February 2024

Abstract: A recommendation engine utilizes various algorithms to filter information and suggest the most relevant items to users. It begins by analyzing a user's past behaviour and then recommends products based on that data. However, when a completely new user visits an e-commerce website, the site lacks any historical data on that user. In such cases, one approach could be to suggest popular products, those in high demand. Another approach might prioritize recommending products that would generate the most profit for the business. Three main approaches are commonly used in recommender systems: Demographic Filtering, Content-based Filtering, and Collaborative Filtering. Demographic Filtering provides generalized recommendations to users based on demographic features, such as movie quality or genre, assuming that users with similar demographics will have similar preferences. However, this approach is considered too simplistic since every user is unique. Content-based Filtering attempts to profile a user's interests using collected data and recommends items based on that profile. Collaborative Filtering groups similar users together and uses data about the group to make recommendations to individual users.
Caderno de resumos - INSTRUMENTOS
Authors: Autores Vários
Published: February 2024

Caderno de resumos - INSTRUMENTOS
Caderno de resumos - EDITAL, MANUAL, LIVRO, FORMULÁRIO, DOCUMENTO
Authors: Autores Vários
Published: February 2024

Caderno de resumos - EDITAL, MANUAL, LIVRO, FORMULÁRIO, DOCUMENTO
NILAI-NILAI TASAWUF DALAM KUMPULAN LAYANG-LAYANG KENANGAN KARYA DEDEN SUGANDA SEBAGAI PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS KARAKTER
Authors: Kemal Faisal , Yanti Prima Gusti , Ghozali Ahmad Sulton
Published: February 2024

Nilai tasawuf pada puisi dapat membantu siswa mengembangkan pemahaman tentang hakikat kehidupan dan mencapai kedamaian batin. Aspek tasawuf mengacu pada pendekatan yang mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai spiritual, introspeksi, dan pemahaman dimensi batin ke dalam kurikulum. Oleh karena itu, kajian ini akan memfokuskan pada aspek analisis nilai tasawuf yang “melebur” ke dalam kumpulan puisi “Layang-layang Kenangan” Karya Deden Suganda. Dengan adanya nilai-nilai tasawuf ke dalam puisi, kita dapat menemukan pembelajaran berbasis karakter yang menitikberatkan pada aspek spiritual dan etika.Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kepustakan (Library Research) yakni teknik pengumpulan data dengan mengadakan studi penelaahan terhadap buku, hasil penelitian, dan sumber-sumber lainnya yang relevan di internet dan media lainnya . Penulis menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, yaitu metode pencarian fakta dengan interpretasi yang tepat terhadap objek penelitian. Dalam puisinya Deden Suganda terdapat nilai-nilai tasawuf di antaranya 1. Tobat, 2. Wara, 3. Zuhud, 4. Syukur, 5.Ma’rifat, 6. Mahabbah, 7.Qurb, 8.Muraqabah, 9. Al-Uns tentu dengan harapan bisa memperkokoh karakter siswa di sekolah dengan berbagai manfaatnya yaitu dengan Mengembangkan kesadaran diri agar siswa lebih memahami dirinya sendiri, termasuk potensi dan kelemahannya.Berdasarkan apa yang telah diuraikan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa nilai-nilai tasawuf adalah nilai-nilai keislaman yang melekat pada karya sastra. Karya sastra yang bernilai sufistik sangat layak dibaca dan cocok sebagai pembelajaran berbasis karakter. Hal ini akan membuat siswa dapat memahami nilai-nilai Islam melalui membaca karya sastra.
Analisis Pertahanan Diri Tokoh Utama dalam Novel Lembata Karya F.Rahardi
Authors: Sahari Anggitha Cubie , Wijaya Putra Candra Rahma
Published: February 2024

Psikologi dan sastra memiliki objek kajian yang sama yaitu keduanya membicarakan mengenai manusia beserta kehidupannya. Manusia hidup tidak luput dari konflik yang menyelimutinya. Konflik tersebut mengharuskan individu untuk melakukan yang namanya pertahanan diri. Karya sastra hadir sebagai bentuk tiruan dari realita kehidupan nyata yang dimodifikasi oleh pengarang melalui proses kreatif dan imajinatif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yakni 1) mengidentifikasi bentuk pertahanan diri tokoh utama pada novel Lembata karya F.Rahardi 2) mengidentifikasi konflik yang dialami tokoh utama dalam novel. Jenis penelitian ini yakni kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Pendekatan yang digunakan psikologi sastra. Data penelitian berupa kutipan cerita berbentuk kalimat atau paragraph yang menunjukkan bentuk pertahanan diri. Sumber data penelitian yaitu Novel Lembata karya F.Rahardi dan pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan membaca dan memahami isi Novel Lembata, pengumpulan data yang berhubungan dengan pertahanan diri, dan mengelompokkan data yang telah dikumpulkan. Hasil penelitian ini ditemukan a) bentuk pertahanan dalam novel terdapat beberapa bentuk seperti represi, rasionalisasi, pengalihan, sublimasi. b) konflik yang dialami tokoh utama terdapat dua konflik yakni konflik internal dan eksternal.

Kata Kunci: pertahanan diri, konflik, novel
Política educativa, cultura del emprendimiento en la educación básica y media colombiana
Authors: Mendoza Martínez Faver Alfonso , Moreno Hernández María Elena , Vásquez Barrera Yazmin , Vélez Fragoso Oswaldo Manuel
Published: February 2024

Con el presente artículo se hace un análisis y reflexión sobre la política educativa, la cultura del emprendimiento en los establecimientos educativos, en los niveles de básica y media, la cual fue emanada por el Ministerio de Educación Nacional de Colombia en la guía 39 (2014), y amparada en la Ley 1014, Art. 1, del Congreso de Colombia (2006). Se empleará una metodología de revisión literaria. Esta política proyecta como objetivos: construir conocimientos, dar soluciones a las necesidades humanas, promover la cooperación y el trabajo en equipo y articular los procesos educativos con el sector productivo, además se resalta la manera de pensar, razonar y actuar frente a las oportunidades que surjan, asumiendo un liderazgo para una adecuada orientación hacia la obtención de resultados favorables. Así mismo, se reconoce la importancia de la educación en el desarrollo y avance de la sociedad, siendo mediada por factores emergentes que traen consigo nuevas formas de pensar, innovación y avances tecnológicos, entre otros. El análisis permite concluir que las políticas educativas en Colombia se han enmarcado dentro de las exigencias del sistema global, procurando la calidad educativa, donde se destaca la integridad, la coherencia, la eficacia y el multiculturalismo en el proceso formativo.
Percepciones estudiantiles y uso de GeoGebra en la enseñanza de matemáticas: un análisis comparativo entre grados
Authors: Córdoba Gómez Francisco Javier , Mariño Luis Fernando , Pabón Galán Carlos Antonio
Published: February 2024

Las aplicaciones educativas sirven como herramientas cruciales para facilitar el aprendizaje de conceptos instruidos en el aula. En particular, este estudio se centra en GeoGebra, una aplicación interactiva que se utiliza para mejorar la comprensión de las matemáticas entre los estudiantes de nivel básico y medio. El principal objetivo de este artículo es comprender la percepción de los estudiantes sobre el uso de GeoGebra como un facilitador en su proceso de aprendizaje matemático. Se implementó una encuesta utilizando la escala Likert para evaluar diversas dimensiones, incluyendo los aspectos motivacionales de la aplicación, la facilidad de navegación e interacción, así como sus aspectos pedagógicos y didácticos. Para analizar las percepciones, se recurrió a la aplicación de estadísticas descriptivas. Los resultados indican que la percepción de los estudiantes hacia GeoGebra es generalmente positiva, con una aceptación satisfactoria de su uso en el aula. En conclusión, el uso de GeoGebra puede actuar como una mediación efectiva, tanto pedagógica como tecnológicamente, para respaldar la enseñanza de las matemáticas a los estudiantes de niveles básicos y medios
Analysis of the comprehension of the instrument for measuring social determinants of health
Authors: Sanchez Palacio Natalia , Vélez Álvarez Consuelo , Betancurth Loaiza Diana
Published: February 2024

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la comprensión de los ítems que conforman el Instrumento para la medición de los Determinantes Sociales de la Salud (DESOSA81) en una población piloto con diversas características. El método de investigación utilizado fue cualitativo con un enfoque interpretativo. Se llevaron a cabo entrevistas cognitivas con 5 grupos seleccionados por conveniencia, utilizando el método de pretest cognitivo CASM (Aspectos Cognitivos de la Metodología de Encuestas) como referencia. Los datos recopilados se organizaron en una matriz de Excel para su posterior análisis.

Los resultados se obtuvieron a través de entrevistas cognitivas realizadas en grupos sucesivos de 10 personas, con el propósito de evaluar el nivel de comprensión del instrumento DESOSA81. Se examinaron aspectos de claridad, relevancia y vocabulario en cada pregunta. En total, se hicieron recomendaciones para mejorar 34 preguntas; 19 de ellas presentaron dificultades de comprensión, 24 fueron cuestionadas en cuanto a su relevancia y 14 en relación con su vocabulario. Estas dificultades se categorizaron utilizando la guía del proceso cognitivo de pregunta-respuesta. Además, se utilizaron para elaborar preguntas genéricas que permitieran la aplicación internacional del instrumento. El equipo investigador analizó, discutió y mejoró los ítems de la herramienta en función de estas recomendaciones.

En conclusión, las pruebas de comprensión del instrumento contribuyeron a mejorar la claridad y coherencia de las preguntas. Los participantes aportaron valiosos insights basados en sus contextos, niveles de educación y profesiones, lo que facilitó la creación de un instrumento genérico más efectivo.
Educación policial en derechos humanos desde el modelo pedagógico interestructurante dialogante
Authors: Hernández Gonzalez Angel Uriel , Caicedo Jaimes Pedro Nel , Cortés Olarte Gonzalo Andrés
Published: February 2024

This article shows the research results obtained through the application of the Dialogue Interstructuring Model in police education in Human Rights, for the development of generic skills necessary during the exercise of the police profession. Its methodology was based on the socio-critical paradigm, with a qualitative approach, through the case study design; the sample selection was given for convenience. The collection of information starts from the use of the In-Basket technique applied in two phases (pretest and posttest); With the results of the pretest, the initial diagnosis is made, from which six didactic sequences are built, preserving the opening, development and closing structure. In the pedagogical practice, observation and the field diary were used as data collection instruments. Once the thematic contents have been developed, a post-test application is carried out, evaluating the development of institutional competences by the students. Finally, it is evident that those who were educated through the Interstructuring Dialogue pedagogy (Experimental Group) obtained better performance than those educated through the Traditional Model (Control Group).
Objective-based planning of water resources and climate change integration in development policies
Authors: Badolo Mathieu
Published: February 2024

Water resources are one of the key systems by which climate change will indirectly affect economic and social development sectors. Significant climate change impacts on water resources will have limiting effects on development sectors. Taking these repercussions of climate change impacts on water resources into account in economic and social development planning and management is the main resilience response to implement. In practice, such a response will require relevant specific approaches, knowledge, information, solutions and decision support tools to achieve the desired resilience objectives. In this paper, we describe the Badolo ClimWaterProspect framework, a framework for designing and implementing climate change and water resources integration in development policies actions. It includes methodological tools, knowledge corpuses and a decision support matrix for an objective-based planning of water resources and climate change integration in development policies. The main results of this article are information, solutions and knowledge families, resilience objectives families and a decision support matrix for development sectors resilience to the repercussions of climate change impacts on resources water plans. Fundamentally, The Badolo ClimWaterProspect framework is an innovative, inclusive and participatory tool for significantly improving the relevance, efficiency, performance and impact of water resources and climate change integration in sectoral development policies actions.
Turbulent Dynamics of Buoyant Melt Plumes Adjacent Near-Vertical Glacier Ice
Authors: Nash Jonathan D , Weiss Kaelan , Wengrove Meagan Elizabeth , Osman Noah , Pettit Erin Christine , Zhao Ken , Jackson Rebecca H. , Nahorniak Jasmine , Jensen Kyle , Tindal Erica , Skyllingstad Eric , Cohen Nadia , Sutherland David A
Published: February 2024

At marine-terminating glaciers, the interplay between meltwater buoyancy
and local currents control turbulent exchanges. Because of challenges in
making centimeter-scale measurements at glaciers, turbulent dynamics at
near-vertical ice-ocean boundaries are poorly constrained. Here we
present the first observations from instruments robotically-bolted to an
underwater ice face, and use these to elucidate the tug-of-war between
meltwater-derived buoyancy and externally-forced currents in controlling
boundary-layer dynamics. Our observations captured two limiting cases of
the flow. When external currents are weak, meltwater buoyancy energizes
the turbulence and dominates the near-boundary stress. When external
currents strengthened, the plume diffused far from the boundary and the
associated turbulence decreases. As a result, even relatively weak
buoyant melt plumes are as effective as moderate shear flows in
delivering heat to the ice. These are the first in-situ observations to
demonstrate how buoyant melt plumes energize near-boundary turbulence,
and why their dynamics are critical in predicting ice melt.
Validation and Psychometric Properties of Deenz Gender Dysphoria Scale (DGDS-25): A Comprehensive Assessment Tool for Gender Dysphoria Tendencies
Authors: Dar Deen Mohd
Published: February 2024

Deenz Gender Dysphoria Scale (DGDS) is designed to explore inclinations
towards gender dysphoria in non-clinical populations. Developed with the
aim of understanding individuals’ experiences and feelings regarding
their gender, the scale provides valuable insights into this complex
phenomenon. The DGDS was not intended for clinical diagnosis according
to DSM-5 criteria but rather to assess tendencies towards gender
dysphoria and discomfort with one’s assigned gender.

In a case study involving 45 college students, randomly selected from
diverse streams and ethnic backgrounds, the DGDS demonstrated its
effectiveness in identifying individuals experiencing gender
dysphoria-related discomfort or distress. The study sample comprised 20
male and 25 female students, ensuring representation across genders.
Visualize deforestation levels with geospatial images & Amazon SageMaker using Sentinel-2 dataset from ASDI
Authors: Patel Parth Girish , Dua Ishneet Kaur
Published: February 2024

This article demonstrates geospatial analysis techniques to visualize
and quantify deforestation using Sentinel-2 satellite imagery. It
leverages Amazon SageMaker and open datasets from the Amazon
Sustainability Data Initiative (ASDI) to process time series imagery
capturing landscape changes related to wildfires near Paradise,
California. After configuring access to the Sentinel-2 data registry,
bounding boxes and date ranges isolate relevant pre-treatment and
post-treatment scenes bracketing major fire events. Comparative
visualization highlights patterns of healthy forest persistence versus
zones of more complete canopy removal post-fire. Suggestion is to move
such analytical routines into automated pipeline to enable scalable
automated deforestation mapping as new Sentinel-2 observations become
available over time. Overall, this article demonstrates core techniques
for leveraging cloud-based geospatial data and computing tools to derive
actionable intelligence maps and indicators pertinent to sustainability
challenges like wildfire impacts and climate adaptation.
Solar and solar wind energy drivers for O+ and O2+ ion escape at Mars
Authors: Schnepf Neesha Regmi , Dong Yaxue , Brain David Andrew , Hanley Kathleen Gwen , Peterson William K. , Strangeway Robert J , Thiemann Edward Michael Benjamin , Halekas Jasper S. , Espley Jared Randolph , Eparvier Francis G. , Mcfadden James P.
Published: February 2024

Mars once had a dense atmosphere enabling liquid water existing on its
surface, however, much of that atmosphere has since escaped to space. We
examine how incoming solar and solar wind energy fluxes drive escape of
atomic and molecular oxygen ions (O+ and O2+) at Mars. We use MAVEN data
to evaluate ion escape from February 1, 2016 through May 25, 2022. We
find that Martian O+ and O2+ both have increased escape flux with
increased solar wind kinetic energy flux and this relationship is
generally logarithmic. Increased solar wind electromagnetic energy flux
also corresponds to increased O+ and O2+ escape flux, however, increased
solar wind electromagnetic energy flux seems to first dampen ion escape
until a threshold level is reached, at which point ion escape increases
with increasing electromagnetic energy flux. Increased solar irradiance
(both total and ionizing) does not obviously increase escape of O+ and
O2+. Our results suggest that the solar wind electromagnetic energy flux
should be considered along with the kinetic energy flux as an important
driver of ion escape, and that other parameters should be considered
when evaluating solar irradiance’s impact on O+ and O2+ escape.
Preoperative proximal tibial bone density, bone microarchitecture, and bone turnover are not associated with postoperative tibial component migration in cemented and cementless medial unicompartmental knee replacements: secondary analyses from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bendtsen Mathias Alrø Fichtner , Odgaard Anders , Madsen Frank , Mosegaard Sebastian Breddam , Thomsen Jesper Skovhus , Hauge Ellen Margrethe , Søballe Kjeld , Stilling Maiken
Published: February 2024

Background and purpose: Cementless arthroplasty fixation relies on early bone ingrowth and may be poor in patients with low proximal tibial bone density or abnormal bone turnover. We aimed first to describe the baseline bone properties in patients undergoing medial unicompartmental knee replacement (UKR), and second to investigate its association with cemented and cementless tibial component migration until 2 years.Methods: A subset investigation of 2 patient groups from a 3-armed randomized controlled trial was conducted. There were 26 cemented and 25 cementless medial UKRs with twin-pegged femoral components. Volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) and microstructure of the excised medial tibial plateau were ascertained with µCT. Bone turnover was estimated using dynamic histomorphometry (eroded surface/bone surface = ES/BS, osteoid surface/bone surface = OS/BS, mineralizing surface/bone surface = MS/BS). Tibial component migration in 4 feature points was followed for 2 years with radiostereometry.Results: At the 2-year follow-up, the cementless tibial components migrated 0.38 mm (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.14–0.62) total translation more than the cemented components at the posterior feature point. The greatest migration in the cementless group was subsidence at the posterior feature point of 0.66 mm (CI 0.48–0.84) until 6 weeks, and from 3 months the components were stable. Cemented tibial components subsided very little. Between 1- and 2-year follow-ups, no cementless but 4 cemented tibial components revealed continuous migration. OS/BS was half of the ES/BS. No µCT or histomorphometric parameters showed any clinically relevant correlation with tibial component migration at the posterior feature point for either cemented or cementless UKR at 6 weeks’ or 2 years’ follow-up after adjustment for age, BMI, and sex.Conclusion: Preoperative vBMD, bone turnover, and microstructure were not associated with postoperative tibial component migration of cemented and cementless medial UKR.
Promoting cemented fixation of the femoral stem in elderly female hip arthroplasty patients and elderly hip fracture patients: a retrospective cohort study from the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register and the Norwegian Hip Fracture Register
Authors: Gjertsen Jan-Erik , Nilsen Daniel , Furnes Ove , Hallan Geir , Kroken Gard , Dybvik Eva , Fenstad Anne Marie
Published: February 2024

Background and purpose: Uncemented stems increase the risk of revision in elderly patients. In 2018, we initiated a national quality improvement project aiming to increase the proportion of cemented stems in elderly female total hip arthroplasty (THA) and hip fracture hemiarthroplasty (HA) patients. We aimed to evaluate the association of this project on the frequency of cemented stems and the risk of secondary procedures in the targeted population.Methods: 10,815 THAs in female patients ≥ 75 years in the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register and 19,017 HAs in hip fracture patients ≥ 70 years in the Norwegian Hip Fracture Register performed in 2015–2017 and 2019–2021 at all Norwegian hospitals were included in this retrospective cohort study. The quality improvement project was implemented at 19 hospitals (8,443 patients). 1-year revision risk (THAs) and reoperation risk (HAs) were calculated for uncemented and cemented stems by Kaplan–Meier and Cox adjusted hazard rate ratios (aHRRs) with all-cause revision/reoperation as main endpoint.Results: The use of cemented stem fixation in the targeted population increased from 26% to 80% for THAs and from 27% to 91% for HAs. For THAs, the 1-year revision rate decreased from 3.7% in 2015–2017 to 2.1% in 2019–2021 (aHRR 0.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.5–0.9) at the intervention hospitals. For HAs, the reoperation rate decreased from 5.9% in 2015–2017 to 3.3% in 2019–2021 (aHRR 0.6, CI 0.4–0.8) at the intervention hospitals.Conclusion: The quality improvement project resulted in a significant increase in the proportion of cemented stems and reduced risk of secondary procedures for both THAs and HAs.
Interculturalidade na aula de inglês
Authors: Schulz Mariana , Xypas Rosiane
Published: February 2024

Neste artigo, propomos uma reflexão acerca do papel da interculturalidade como viés crítico para o ensino de língua inglesa que busca promover o respeito, igualdade e justiça social. Desse modo, aliamos os estudos decoloniais às reflexões do pós-método, visando propor macroestratégias e práticas atingíveis que favoreçam a sensibilização dos aprendizes para outras culturas e cosmovisões de maneira não-hierarquizada, questionando relações de poder e desigualdades sociais. Trata-se de uma pesquisa-ação de caráter qualitativo, que foi realizada em duas etapas: (1) a pesquisa bibliográfica e (2) a elaboração de uma oficina/intervenção. Estando ainda em andamento, esperamos que, ao ser concluída, a pesquisa atinja o objetivo proposto, que é contribuir com uma formação inicial crítica de professores.
De arregaçar as mangas
Authors: Oliveira Gabriel Amancio , Ferreira Cláudia Cristina
Published: February 2024

O ensino de línguas permite ao docente dar a possibilidade de os estudantes ocuparem espaços em diferentes esferas, alguns aprendem um idioma por gostos pessoais, outros por questões profissionais. Ao aprendermos outra língua, além dos aspectos linguísticos, passamos a conhecer matizes culturais e a forma como uma sociedade concebe o mundo a partir das suas experiências e formula a sua visão de acordo com a identificação social. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar e dialogar sobre o uso de expressões idiomáticas para o ensino de português a hispanofalantes, assim como fazer um contraste com expressões em língua espanhola. Diante disso, acreditamos que a fraseologia, que é a combinação de palavras com um grau de idiomaticidade, contribui  para a comunicação dos interlocutores (CORPAS-PASTOR, 1996; ZULUAGA, 2003; XATARA, 2013; ORTIZ ALVAREZ, 2014; MONTEIRO-PLANTIN, 2014).  Dessa forma, mostramos expressões do português brasileiro que são utilizadas na comunicação diária e que podem ser trabalhadas no ensino de português para falantes naturais de língua espanhola.  Fazer uso de elementos fraseológicos nas aulas de línguas estrangeiras/adicionais pode ser um desafio para os professores que já estão habituados com a sua forma de ensino, no entanto, ressaltamos que o ensino de português como língua materna (PLM) é diferente do ensino como língua estrangeira/adicional (PLE), buscar uma formação é necessário para incorporar elementos que estão difundidos na cultura e língua a qual os aprendizes estão inseridos, uma vez que contribuem para o domínio do idioma. Desta forma, concluímos que lançar mão da fraseologia a partir de expressões idiomáticas na sala de aula é um apoio que o docente tem para ensinar, uma vez que a língua e cultura são indissociáveis, e apresentar elementos como jargões, gírias, provérbios, entre outros, enriquece a aprendizagem de uma língua.
Educação e literatura
Authors: Santiago Amanda da Conceição , Dias Dilma Costa Nogueira , Rocha Filho Ulysses
Published: February 2024

Nos estudos culturais aplicados à literatura, identificamos o contexto da época do discurso narrativo, a mitologia ressignificada, além de debates históricos sociais e culturais acerca do processo ficcional. Nesse pensar literário, elencamos a literatura para discussão e compreensão da realidade apresentada, no sentido de diálogo com debates críticos, românticos e/ou realísticos. Diante disso, apresentamos, sobre a luz da importância da literatura e do viés interpretativo, discussões prementes do livro O Uraguai: um poema épico que traz consigo a história de um período de guerra, revelando-nos traços ideológicos do autor que, apesar de ser jesuíta, exalta, em sua obra, o português Marquês de Pombal que está na luta contra indígenas e jesuítas. A disputa territorial e o colonialismo representado na obra, ainda se faz presente nos dias de hoje, levando-nos à conclusão de que a discussões sobre esses assuntos precisam ser ampliadas para que cheguemos ao ambiente escolar, visto que, as cronologias apontadas no aludido poema se fazem extremamente atuais, ainda que a história dos indígenas Caçambo e Lindoya em oposição ao jesuíta Balda sejam adaptadas à realidade brasileira do século XVIII.
Editorial
Authors: Aguiar André Effgen , Oliveira Grassinete C. de Albuquerque , Queiroz Amilton José Freire de , Righi Fernanda , Lomeli Jafte Dilean Robles
Published: February 2024

Recomeçar sempre. Esse é o papel do professor para Freire (1995). Estar aberto para o começo, para o recomeço, para a insubordinação, para reconstruir-se e entender a vida como processo de vir a ser. Ao estar aberto ao novo, recusa-se a burocratizar, a manter a mente em um status quo que não o leve aos ensinos transgressivos, às aprendizagens solidárias. Daí a importância de conjugar a “potência da insubordinação”, conforme sublinha Negri (2001), para tecer um saber em constante ressignificação e flexibilização do olhar didático-pedagógico-teórico-prático frente às nossas atividades de ensino, pesquisa e extensão. Tal perspetiva significa não parar, mas sim vivenciar a “boniteza” da escuta, escrita e provocações agentivas desde-com as ecologias da esperança do ELLAE, ao espraiar-se no território das conferências, oficinas, minicursos e, agora, na The ESPecialist.
Knowledge of the Adverse Effects of Smoking and Related Changes in Smoking Status during Pregnancy among Female Smokers
Authors: Purev Odonchimeg , Enkhjargal Manduul , Oidov Batgerel , Luvsandagva Baigalmaa , Dashtseren Myagmartseren , Ogawa Shota , Hayashi Kunihiko , Tsushima Yoshito , Shinozaki Hiromitsu
Published: February 2024

No abstract in English
Evaluation of Knowledge and Attitudes toward Euthanasia between Physicians and Caregivers
Authors: Chuluunsukh Sukhbaatar , Tserenbat Minjuur , Bayarmaa Enkhbat , Tuvshinjargal Tseren , Tuvshinjargal Tseren
Published: February 2024

Objective: This study aimed to estimate the knowledge of the legal regulation of euthanasia and painless death among terminally ill patients, their caregivers, and attending physicians. Methods: The study was conducted using an analytical survey design and evaluated by a questionnaire of the target sample group. Results: According to the patient’s age group, those under 49 were most likely to support euthanasia at 93.1%, and those over 50 were 73.3%. Furthermore, 87.5% of those who said they had financial problems, 91.7% of those who said they had long queues at the hospital, difficulty in getting medical care, 66.7% of those who said they were bedridden or had a lot of pain, and 100% of those who said they would have mental depression or other problems were in favor of euthanasia. In the physicians, 96.6% of the doctors who participated in the study said they knew about euthanasia, 100% of those who believed that euthanasia was ethical and knew the types of euthanasia, and 95% of those who thought that there were ethical differences in the types of euthanasia, supported euthanasia. Conclusion:Our study demonstrated that caregivers generally support the legalization of euthanasia. 70.8% of those who said that euthanasia could be performed by medical indications, 79.2% of those who said that it could be performed at the request of the patient, 54.2% of those who said that it could be performed at the request of the family of a patient without legal capacity, and 35.4% of those who said that it could be performed at the request of a treating physician tended to support euthanasia.
Economic violence as a latent form of domestic violence: theoretical and legal aspect
Authors: Andrusiak I. P.
Published: February 2024

The article reviews the peculiarities of economic violence as a form of domestic violence and identifies its main theoretical and legal characteristics.

Two characteristics of economic domestic violence are singled out: a significant level of latency compared to other forms of violence and a clear dependence between economic violence and the gender aspect, since it is women who more often, due to the birth and feeding of children, receive a limited opportunity for full labor and educational self-realization.

It is motivated that economic violence affects women from all socio-economic groups and host countries, but there is no doubt that a special form of vulnerability is manifested for persons with disabilities, the elderly, for persons with a lower level of education and professional experience.

The latency of the economic form of domestic violence indicates that this type of violence can manifest itself in flaws that often go unnoticed beyond the obvious signs of physical and verbal violence. Stealth arises from the fact that these influences are less overt and difficult to detect from the outside, but they can significantly affect the well-being and emotional state of the victim. It is pointed out that only relatively recently has economic violence been conceptualized as separate from emotional and psychological violence. Manifestations of domestic economic violence are grouped: control over financial decisions (the abuser makes all financial decisions without taking into account the thoughts and needs of the victim, including what to spend money, how and where to invest, and other financial aspects, not allowing the victims to participate in this process); setting limits and cost accounting; manipulation of financial goals (deliberately directing financial resources in directions that are beneficial to the offender, or using them to achieve one’s own goals, without taking into account the needs and wishes of the victim); financial threats to force the victim to remain in the relationship.

In general, the legal aspect of the economic household is a complex and multifaceted task that requires a systematic approach and cooperation of various subjects. In practice, this means a combination of legal regulation, public awareness and victim support to effectively counter economic domestic violence.
The role of the UN in ensuring the rule of law
Authors: Pyroha I. S. , Paida O. M.
Published: February 2024

The methods of effective support of international peace and security directly depend on the features of the global and regional security environment. The nature of current challenges and threats determines the format and directions of international security cooperation. Faced with the modern challenges and threats of the globalized world, no state is able to ensure its own security solely by its own efforts, without relying on the help of the international community and collective security structures. Each country independently determines the degree of its participation in certain international events in the field of international security. In this vein, various forms of international cooperation and cooperation in the field of security are formed in accordance with countries’ perceptions of common threats and their own national interests. In the conditions of the current level of globalization, international cooperation covers almost all spheres of social activity and requires the establishment of generally accepted and understandable “rules of the game” and certain regulation at the supranational level. These functions are assigned to international institutions and the system of international treaties. The transition to the information society, the processes of globalization, the development of the latest technologies and the new challenges of modernity have led to the emergence of new ways of waging war and have radically changed the international security system. The principles, resources and means of warfare have changed significantly. Modern challenges and threats to the global security system have led to a rethinking of the conceptual and practical foundations of international security cooperation. In order to maintain security and stability in the modern world, uniform rules, principles and standards of responsibility must be adopted. The UN acts as a universal and unique platform for consolidating positive trends in the development of the international security system.
Elections under the conditions of marital state: constitution, legislation, reality
Authors: Hrynyuk R. F. , Hutsulyak O. I.
Published: February 2024

The issue of electoral legislation and its features during martial law are explored in the article. On the basis of a careful analysis of the constitutional norms, it was found that for most types of elections, the impossibility of holding them is established only in legislative acts. At the same time, it has been proven that the formal absence of a constitutional ban on launching the election process in the conditions of the ongoing large-scale invasion of the Russian Federation does not solve any real problem that currently makes democratic elections in Ukraine impossible.

The classification of the reasons for the refusal of democratic states to hold elections during the war has been studied and proposed. In particular, such reasons as electoral (interference of an enemy state, lack of free campaigning, etc.), economic (expenses for conducting elections), security, political (moments of political instability may arise during the transfer of power from the old government to the newly elected one) etc. are highlighted.

The concept of “rally around the flag” is described, the historical example of the defeat of the “father of victory” Winston Churchill in the post-war elections with an analysis of the reasons, and the results of a number of sociological studies are also considered. The latter demonstrate a high level of citizen support for the current President of Ukraine, in particular as the Supreme Commander. The authors concluded that there is a sufficient level of legitimacy of state authorities, which will most likely be confirmed by elections. The expediency of all risks and costs under such conditions is assessed as doubtful.

The possibility of using electronic voting was considered. It was concluded that such proposals are premature in view of the non-acceptance by the people of Ukraine of such a way of expressing will and the technical capabilities of the state.

At the same time, the authors point out the need to prepare a regulatory framework and develop new mechanisms, in particular, using digital technologies, both for post-war elections and for elections under martial law. The article also examines the concept of Military democracy, i.e. militarized or military democracy, i.e. a state with a democratic system operating in wartime conditions.
Pricing of medicines as a factor influencing access to treatment
Authors: Moskaliuk N. B.
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the topic of access to treatment, and the issue of pricing as one of the factors that significantly affect the ability of the population to access treatment through the purchase of medicines, including expensive branded medicines that are not covered by government programs that provide such medicines free of charge. High medication costs can pose substantial barriers, particularly for those not covered by state programs, exacerbating health inequalities and hindering widespread access to necessary treatments.

The article focuses on the existence of two pricing systems in the pharmaceutical market, namely, the state and market pricing. The aforementioned pricing systems are among the mechanisms for providing pharmaceutical care to the population in Ukraine. It is also argued that pricing is based on demand, cost, supply, and commodity and money circulation.

The article presents the US experience of pricing and the problems of consumers who face the need to overpay for branded medicines by a significant number of times compared to European consumers.

This dynamic reflects the delicate balance between the pharmaceutical industry’s need for fair returns on innovation investments and the imperative to make essential treatments financially accessible to the broader population.

It is noted that the high price of medicines is due to the influence of numerous factors, including increased demand, insufficient supply of cheaper generic drugs on the pharmaceutical market, patent protection, and significant investment in the development and research of new medicines. At the same time, it is argued that the use of managed access agreements, along with both state and market pricing, can be a deterrent to the growth of prices for branded innovative medicines.
The practice of applying the squeeze-out procedure and its impact on the introduction of escrow accounts as a new type of bank accounts in Ukraine
Authors: Yavorska O. S.
Published: February 2024

The article deals with the peculiarities of the squeeze-out procedure in Ukraine within the framework of European integration and implementation of European corporate governance standards. The author analyzes the positions of European courts on the legality and constitutionality of the squeeze-out procedure in the context of violation of minority shareholders’ property rights. The author ivestigates the grounds for declaring squeeze-out unconstitutional in Georgia, in particular, the procedure for determining the price of shares, that resulted in an imbalance of interests of the participants in the procedure. Taking into account the Court’s position, a new entity was involved in the process of share buyback – a court which, upon the application of the majority shareholder, appoints an independent expert or a brokerage company to price the shares and fixes the price of shares and the date of their compulsory buyback in its decision. It is found out that the main interests of a majority shareholder in the squeeze-out procedure are to reduce administrative costs of holding a general meeting, to get rid of passive shareholders and to minimise opposition from minority shareholders, and to avoid free-ridering. At the same time, the interests of minority shareholders in the implementation of this mechanism are to obtain favourable terms from the sale of the shareholding. It is found out that most of the lawsuits of minority shareholders in Ukraine were related to the underpricing of alienated shares. The method of determining the price of shares was to establish the market value of the company’s shares by a valuation entity. However, due to the lack of effective regulatory framework for this procedure, such a price often did not meet the fairness criterion. The author examines the position of the Commercial Court of Cassation as part of the Supreme Court of 2022 regarding the understanding of the fair price of shares, which means not a specific amount of money (value), but compliance by the issuer (supervisory board) with the procedure for determining the market value of shares provided for by law. The author analyzes the implementation of an escrow account contract into the legislation of Ukraine. The author clarifies the procedure for paying the price of shares to minority shareholders by transferring funds to the bank where the claimant has opened an escrow account in accordance with the Law of Ukraine “On Joint Stock Companies”.
Рenalty for late return of rented property
Authors: Hordiienko T. O.
Published: February 2024

The article deals with topical issues of applying liability measures for untimely return of property provided for use under lease terms. Based on the norms of the current legislation, the specific features of the penalty provided for in Part 2 of Art. 785 of the Civil Code of Ukraine, and outlined the problematic issues of legal qualification of the relevant accruals from the point of view of their legal nature, the calculation period, and the duration of the statute of limitations.

It is noted that the imperfection of the legislative technique led to the emergence of opposite approaches to clarifying the nature of the increased costs of the tenant for the use of the property in the non-contractual period – such charges are considered as double rent for the use of the property and as a penalty for violating the obligation to return the property. The position regarding the possibility of simultaneous charging of rent for the period of non-contractual use of the property and a penalty as a penalty for late return of the property, which was reflected in the materials of court practice, also turned out to be controversial. The legal conclusions of the Supreme Court formed at the time of preparation of the article are presented, according to which the calculation of rent must take place exclusively during the period of validity of the lease agreement, and outside the contractual period of use of the property, a penalty in the amount of double the rent for the time the property is actually in the use of the tenant is subject to application. The corresponding position was formed by the cassation instance based on the distinction between regulatory and protective prescriptions and the impossibility of their combination (identification).

The work indicates the need to establish the lessee’s fault in the untimely return of the property, highlighted the problematic issues of calculating the cost of using the property when renewing the lease agreement on the basis of Art. 764 of the Civil Code of Ukraine and Art. 284 of the Economic Code of Ukraine.

Based on the results of the research, proposals were made to improve the current legislation, aimed at ensuring its unambiguous understanding by the participants of the tenancy relationship and the unification of the judicial practice of resolving disputes of the relevant category.
Modernisation of legislation in the field of economic and commercial activity in the context of European integration
Authors: Chernenko O. A. , Рoharchenkо T. V.
Published: February 2024

The article deals with the issues of peculiarities of modernisation of legislation in the field of trade and economic activity in the context of European integration.It is noted that economic and trade activity is the industry which is subject to active modernisation, taking into account the requirements of the Association Agreement. The author concludes that the obligations to adapt Ukrainian legislation to EU legislation in trade have changed due to the fact that a number of EU acts have been amended or repealed, and therefore it is now important to implement the novelties of EU legislation in the period after ratification of the Association Agreement.

The term «economic and commercial activity» used in the Commercial Code of Ukraine essentially means trading activities carried out by business entities. Expanding the scope of digitalisation of economic and commercial activities is another vector of European integration.

The food supply chain is vulnerable to unfair trade practices due to a sharp imbalance between small and large agricultural market operators. In Ukraine, we see unfair practices when large retailers dictate the terms of market entry and payment for products. Therefore, the implementation of the provisions of Directive 2019/633 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 April 2019 on unfair trade practices between undertakings in the agriculture and food sectors is important for Ukraine.

In general, EU legislation is quite dynamic, especially given the direction of EU policy towards the development of a green economy and digitalisation, and a number of provisions are being adopted to improve trade in these areas. For Ukraine, an important task is not only to adapt national legislation to the existing EU acts, but also to take into account the legal policy ideas that are actively discussed and developed in the EU, in particular, the provisions on harmonisation of business law.