bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Visual handicap certificates: A tool to evaluate the causes for permanent visual impairment in Northern Maharashtra
Authors: S Gawai Deepali , G G Khan M , G Choudhary K , S Khannar A
Published: June 2020

To analyse the causes of visual impairment amongst the patients coming for the visual handicap certificate and its application in eye health planning to prevent the blindness.

A retrospective data analysis of medical records of 553 people who had applied for the visual handicap certification. Examination was done by the ophthalmologists appointed for the handicap board. BCVA < 20/60 to 20/120 in better eye was included in visual impairment Cat I(40%)and BCVA20/200 or less is blindness category II to IV(75%to100%). Data was analysed using SSPE software and Chi square test for significance.

The prevalence of male patients was significantly higher than that of females (p<0.05), majority of them belonged to age group of 16 year to 45 years of age, 332 (60.03%) individuals had mild visual Impairment(< 40%), in 59(10.66%) individuals moderate visual impairment (40%) was found; in162(29.29%) individuals had sever visual impairment to blindness, over all phthisis (p=0.0001)was the most common cause followed by corneal opacity(p=0.0249)and Amblyopia (p=0.03). Most of the causes are preventable and some of them are emerging as complications of cataract surgery, increased road traffic accidents and occupational hazards.

Visual handicap registers are useful for the rehabilitation of visually impaired individuals and to assess the pattern or causes of blindness in particular area. The most common etiological factors causing visual impairment in our study are preventable so we propose the empowerment of the school health system and general health delivery system, early detection of amblyogenic factors and its timely treatment, applying strict safety precautions to factory workers who are prone to ocular injuries and increased safety for road traffic in Northern part of Maharashtra.
A clinical study of association between asteroid hyalosis and diabetes mellitus
Authors: Singh Samya , Kumar Jitendra , Garg Amisha
Published: June 2020

to study the association between asteroid hyalosis and diabetes mellitus.

: This study was carried out in the Department of Ophthalmology, MLB Medical College, Jhansi between February 2019- December 2019 on patients diagnosed with asteroid hyalosis on routine examination. A total of 80 patients who showed evidence of asteroid hyalosis were further sent for random blood sugar and HbA1c levels. They were then divided into two groups-group A was diabetic and group B-non diabetic

The median age of presentation was between 40-75 years. 80 patients diagnosed with asteroid hyalosis were divided into two groups; Group A with diabetes and Group B without diabetes. In Group A there were 68.42% males (13) and 31.58% females (6) and in Group B there were 70.50% males (43) and 29.50% females(18). In group A 63.16% (12) patients showed unilateral eye involvement and 36.84% (7) patients showed bilateral eye involvement while in group B 80.33%(49) patients showed unilateral eye involvement and 19.67% (12) patients showed bilateral involvement. The mean random blood sugar was found to be 239.26±38.37 mg/dl in group A while in group B it was found to be 132.31±26.26 mg/dl. The p-value was found to be <0.0001 which was extremely statistically significant. The mean HbA1c levels was found to be 8.4±1.3% in group A whereas in group B it was 5.4±0.6%.The p-value was found to be <0.0001 which was extremely statistically significant

There appears to be significant association between asteroid hyalosis and diabetes mellitus.
A comparative study of effectiveness of topical with supplemental intracameral lignocaine versus peribulbar anaesthesia for phacoemulsification with foldable intraocular lens implantation
Authors: V Krishnankutty Saritha , Narayani Vijayamma
Published: June 2020

To assess the quality of analgesia, level of comfort of patients and surgeons and incidence of complications after topical anaesthesia with supplemental intracameral lignocaine as compared to peribulbar block in patients undergoing phacoemulsification.

It was a prospective observational study done in 66 patients having uncomplicated senile cataracts who underwent phacoemulsification with foldable IOL implantation of both eyes. One eye of each patient was operated under peribulbar blockand the other eye under topical anaesthesia with supplemental intracameral lignocaine after 2 weeks. In Group T, topical anaesthesia was achieved by instilling proparacaine hydrochloride 0.5% and preservative free 1% lignocaine was used for intracameral analgesia. Peribulbar block was administered with 5-7 ml of 2% lignocaine with 1:10000 adrenaline. Patient comfort, feeling of pressure during block, quality of analgesia intraop and 4 hours postop, and surgeon’s comfort were documented.

Group P patients had significantly higher pain score, discomfort and pressure on eye during administration of block compared to Group T. Both groups had comparable pain scores and patient’s discomfort. Pressure on eye intraop and postop and intraoperative positive pressure were also similar in both groups. Group P had significantly higher incidence of subconjunctival hemorrhage (80% vs 10%) and chemosis of conjunctiva. (80% vs 0%).

Topical anaesthesia with supplemental intracameral lignocaine can be considered as a superior anaesthetic technique for phacoemulsification than peribulbar block as it is associated with significantly higher patient comfort and lower complications with comparable surgeon’s comfort.
Educación en Competencias Financieras, Administrativas y de Marketing para la Comunidad
Authors: Abad Candy
Published: June 2020

El Colegio de Administración y Economía CADE-USFQ percibió un vacío en las comunidadesmenos favorecidas respecto al desarrollo de competencias empresariales en temas financieros,de marketing y de administración. Para llenar este vacío y enmarcados en la filosofía de las ArtesLiberales, el CADE-USFQ se integró al programa de educación financiera “Cuida tu Futuro” deBanco Solidario, a través de charlas académicas transmitidas al público por Radio América. Estascharlas académicas permiten que profesores y estudiantes del CADE-USFQ se integren yacerquen sus conocimientos al público, con el objetivo de desarrollar nuevas habilidades eincidir en comportamientos para que los ecuatorianos puedan tomar mejores decisionesfinancieras.
An Exercise in Legal Realism
Authors: Guastini Riccardo
Published: June 2020

This paper is an exercise in legal realism, regarding in particular: (1) legal realism and legal positivism; (2) validity; (3) legal interpretation; (4) the ontology of law; (5) legal cognition; (6) the rule of recognition; (7) the concept of obligation.
Explaining Judicial Populism in Hungary – a Legal Realist Approach
Authors: Bencze Mátyás
Published: June 2020

In Hungary, some judges tend to decide cases in a way they think is popular among ordinary people. I call this phenomenon “judicial populism”. First, by analysing three cases I argue that the plausible theoretical framework of explanation of populist tendencies in Hungarian adjudication is the American Legal Realism. Then I examine the characteristics and possible explanation of judicial populism and its relation with the political populism.
Problem autentyczności Corpus Theognideum w świetle historii jego transmisji: manuskrypty i pierwsze edycje krytyczne
Authors: Skarbek-Kazanecki Jan
Published: June 2020

Corpus Theognideum stanowi największy zabytek wczesnogreckiej poezji i jeden z niewielu tekstów tego okresu, który przetrwał w bezpośrednim przekazie rękopiśmiennym. Forma, w jakiej znamy elegie, stała się źródłem trwającej blisko 200 lat dyskusji dotyczącej ich autentyczności. Celem tekstu było przedstawienie kluczowych dla problemu autentyczności Corpus Theognideum argumentów i uwag z perspektywy recepcji i jego transmisji w epoce bizantyńskiej i nowożytnej. Podjęcie tematu w przedstawionej tu formie zostało zainspirowane metodą hermeneutyczną Hansa-Georga Gadamera: na podstawie tej propozycji metodologicznej, autor dążył zarówno do zrozumienia świadectw przeszłości we właściwym kontekście historycznym, jak i do zrewidowania pewnych dogmatycznych interpretacji innych badaczy, opartych na powziętych z góry założeniach lub błędach.
The Information Needs of Canadian Midwives and Their Evidence Informed Practices: A Canada-Wide Survey
Authors: Barnes Lindsay , Freund Luanne , Giustini Dean
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objective – The study aim was to understand the extent to which Canadian registered midwives have access to and make use of clinically relevant information for evidence based midwifery practice.
Methods – A survey instrument was created consisting of 17 multiple choice, matrix table, and short answer questions and distributed to 1,690 recipients on the Canadian Association of Midwives email list in fall 2018. In total, 193 responses were included in the analysis.
Results – One third of midwives do not have library memberships. Midwives reported that limited access to clinically relevant information is a key challenge in applying information in practice. Midwives with library memberships reported more frequent use of high-quality information while midwives without memberships reported more frequent use of websites. Midwives with advanced degrees (graduate, PhDs) were more likely to be high-frequency information users and rank themselves higher on evidence based competency scales than their undergraduate-holding colleagues. Clinical practice guidelines were important information sources and used frequently by midwives.
Conclusion – Midwives reported low levels of academic or hospital library memberships and yet used information frequently. Clinical practice guidelines support the work of midwives but are inaccessible to some due to paywalls. Midwives lacked confidence in evidence based practice and reported critical appraisal as an area for development. Solutions to these problems could be addressed at the hospital, health authority, provincial, or national association level, or within midwifery departments at Canadian universities. Hospital and academic libraries should prioritize the information needs of students and practicing midwives and identify ways to foster use of library resources through administrative or educational interventions.
Coping with Impostor Feelings: Evidence Based Recommendations from a Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Barr-Walker Jill , Werner Debra A. , Kellermeyer Liz , Bass Michelle B.
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Objective – The negative effects of impostor phenomenon, also called impostor syndrome, include burnout and decreased job satisfaction and have led to an increased interest in addressing this issue in libraries in recent years. While previous research has shown that many librarians experience impostor phenomenon, the experience of coping with these feelings has not been widely studied. The aim of our study was to understand how health sciences librarians cope with impostor phenomenon in the workplace. 

Methods – We conducted a census of 2125 Medical Library Association members between October and December 2017. An online survey featuring the Harvey Impostor Phenomenon scale and open-ended questions about coping strategies to address impostor phenomenon at work was administered to all eligible participants. We used thematic analysis to explore strategies for addressing impostor phenomenon and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to examine relationships between impostor phenomenon scores and coping strategies.

Results – Among 703 survey respondents, 460 participants completed the qualitative portion of the survey (65%). We found that external coping strategies that drew on the help of another person or resource, such as education, support from colleagues, and mentorship, were associated with lower impostor scores and more often rated by participants as effective, while internal strategies like reflection, mindfulness, and recording praise were associated with less effectiveness and a greater likelihood of impostor feelings. Most respondents reported their strategies to be effective, and the use of any strategy appeared to be more effective than not using one at all.

Conclusions – This study provides evidence based recommendations for librarians, library leaders, and professional organizations to raise awareness about impostor phenomenon and support our colleagues experiencing these feelings. We attempt to situate our recommendations within the context of potential barriers, such as white supremacy culture, the resilience narrative, and the lack of open communication in library organizations.
Evidence Based Practice for Virtual Reality Spaces and Services: A Service Design Case Study
Authors: Rossmann Doralyn , Young Scott W. H.
Published: June 2020

No abstract.
Welcome to the Library: Data-Driven Student Worker Empowerment
Authors: Carrillo Elena , Scoulas Jung  Mi
Published: June 2020

No abstract.
Call for Applicants for EBLIP Journal: Associate Editor (Research Articles)
Authors: . .
Published: June 2020

No abstract.
Scholarly Publishing During a Pandemic
Authors: Kloda Lorie A.
Published: June 2020

No abstract.
Resistance pattern of Escherichia coli to levofloxacin in Iran, a narrative review
Authors: Hassanshahi1 Gholamhossein , Darehkordi Ali , Sheikh Fathollahi3 Mahmood , Khanamani Falahati-Pour Soudeh , Rezazadeh Zarandi5 Ebrahim , Assar Shokrollah
Published: June 2020

Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are widely used in the treatment of infections caused by Escherichia coli. FQs are broad spectrum antibiotics with high tissue penetration, and ease of use. Therefore, given the concerns existing about drug resistance, we aim to review the latest findings about resistance patterns to levofloxacin (LVX) along with other FQs in E. coli infections in different parts of Iran. Evidence shows that quinolones have been used in Iran for nearly 50 years, and that 0-65% of E. coli isolates show resistance to FQs. In the western parts of Iran, the highest rate of resistance to LVX (66.7%) has been reported among patients having urinary tract infections with E. coli isolates. Few studies and information exist on the antimicrobial re- sistance of E. coli to LVX in different geographical locations of Iran. However, the findings of various studies on this subject show that E. coli resistance to LVX is more in the western part of Iran than in central and southern regions, but it is similar among inpatients and outpatients. Therefore, it is reasonable advisable to limit the overuse, inappropriate prescription, and self-medication of LVX to prevent the induction of FQ-resistant strains. Accordingly, in order to obtain a clearer image of resistance to FQs, especially LVX in E. coli in Iran, more extensive investigations in different geographical locations and periods of time are required. In addition, antimicrobial stewardship would be helpful in this regard.
Neonatal screening for congenital cytomegalovirus infection in Tehran, Iran, using Guthrie cards
Authors: Noorbakhsh Samileh , Farhadi Mohammad , Haghighi Faezeh , Minaeian Sara , Haghighi Hasanabad Morteza
Published: June 2020

Background and Objectives: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) constitutes the most common viral cause of congenital infections in newborns worldwide. There are a significant number of asymptomatic newborns with congenital CMV infection in Iran, which may develop long-term sequelae of infection. Unfortunately, limited data exsists from Iran on the rate of congenital CMV infection among neonates. The current study was aimed to investigate the prevalence of congenital CMV infection among Iranian neonates by testing Guthrie cards.
Materials and Methods: Guthrie cards were collected from infants within 2 weeks of life, and total DNA was extracted from samples by thermal shock and evaluated for CMV DNA using nested-PCR assay. CMV infection in newborns was confirmed through a commercial CMV PCR kit. Infected infants underwent further evaluation at the hospital.
Results: CMV infection was identified in four of 1174 infants (0.34%) which is approximately 3 cases per 1000 live births. Infected infants were asymptomatic at birth and had a normal hearing status similar to other children. There were no factors in relation with CMV infection among newborns.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, infected infants with congenital CMV infection could identify at early stage by testing Guthrie cards (within 21 days of life). Furthermore, since there is a lack of CMV knowledge in our popula- tion, educating and effective counseling by obstetricians/ gynecologists to the pregnant women are recommended.
Comparison of deferred and bedside culture of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: a study to improve the isolation of gonococci for antimicrobial susceptibility testing
Authors: Boiko Iryna , Stepas Yuliia , Krynytska Inna
Published: June 2020

Background and Objectives: Antimicrobial resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae is globally spread and threatening. Cultur- ing of N. gonorrhoeae is the only method to collect live isolates for investigation antimicrobial resistance profile. Therefore, quality assessment of N. gonorrhoeae culture is essential for successful isolation of gonococci. This study was conducted to evaluate deferred and bedside culture of N. gonorrhoeae depending on the year season and temperature condition of transport media temporary storage.
Materials and Methods: Urogenital swabs from 46 symptomatic heterosexual patients with gonorrhoea and subculture of N. gonorrhoeae in 46 suspensions in concentrations 1.5 × 108 CFU/ml were subjected to the study. Non-nutritive transporting medium Amies Agar Gel Medium with charcoal (Copan Diagnostics Inc., Brescia, Italy) was used for deferred culture and selective Chocolate agar TM+PolyViteX VCAT3 (BioMérieux, Marcy-l'Étoile, France) for both tested methods of culture.
Results: The specificity of both bedside and deferred methods of culture was 100%. The sensitivity of deferred culture was higher than of bedside culture (82.6% vs 47.8%, p<0.0005). Deferred culture showed significantly higher sensitivity com- paring to bedside culture in summer (100% vs 50%, p=0.003), and comparably the same as for bedside culture in autumn, winter and spring.
Conclusion: The viability of N. gonorrhoeae subcultures was significantly higher in refrigerated samples from transport media than from ambient one after exposition from 48 to 96 hours. Optimal viability of N. gonorrhoeae was observed when transport swabs were kept refrigerated up to 48 h (73.9-93.5%) or ambiently – up to 24 h (87%). Updating laboratory guide- lines regarding sampling and timely specimen processing might improve gonococcal culture performance.
The effect of immunoregulatory bacteria on the transcriptional activity of Foxp3 and RORyt genes in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue with Salmonella-induced inflammation in the presence of vancomycin and Ваcteroides fragilis
Authors: Bukina Yuliia , Thyhonovska Marina , Koval Mariya , Marushchak Mariya , Krynytska Inna , Kamyshnyi Aleksandr
Published: June 2020

Background and Objectives: Intestinal microbiota is involved in the development and maintenance of immune homeosta- sis. This study was conducted to investigate the levels of key immunoregulatory bacteria in the intestinal wall-associated microflora and its effect on the transcriptional activity of the Foxp3 and RORyt genes in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) of rats with Salmonella-induced inflammation, both untreated and treated with vancomycin and Bacteroides fragilis. Materials and Methods: To determine the levels of immunoregulatory bacteria in GALT of rats Q-PCR was used to identify them by species-specific 16S rDNA genes. Transcriptional activity of Foxp3 and RORyt genes was determined using Q-PCR with reverse transcription.
Results: In animals treated with both vancomycin and Salmonella, the levels of segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) in- creased while Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii decreased. In rats that received pretreatment with vancomycin and then were infected with S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium, the levels of SFB increased, and the number of Bacteroides-Prevotela group, A. muciniphila, Clostridium spp. clusters XIV, IV, and F. prausnitzii significantly decreased, decreasing Foxp3 and increasing Rorγt mRNA expression. Administration of B. fragilis to animals treated with S. Enteriti- dis or S. Typhimurium and pre-treated with vancomycin caused a decrease in SFB and Rorγt mRNA levels and conversely, increased the numbers of the Bacteroides-Prevotela group, Clostridium spp. clusters XIV, IV, A. muciniphila, F. prausnitzii and Foxp3 gene expression in GALT.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that the commensal microorganism B. fragilis may provide a protective role against the development of experimental colitis, which has to be taken into consideration for further clarification of the effective thera- peutic strategy of inflammatory bowel diseases, irritable bowel syndrome and necrotising colitis.
Antimicrobial screening of silver nanoparticles synthesized by marine cyanobacterium Phormidium formosum
Authors: . Reham G. Elkomy
Published: June 2020

Background and Objectives: Nanoparticles are widely used in various fields such as electronics, cosmetics, water purifica- tion, biomedical and biotechnology. Biosynthesis of nanoparticles using biological agents have gained much attention in the area of nanotechnology in the last few decades because of cost effective, non-toxic, and eco-friendly. Algae have been used to reduce metal ions and subsequently for the biosynthesis of nanoparticles.
Materials and Methods: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been biosynthesized by Phormidium formosum isolated from Mediterranean Sea coast Egypt in an aqueous system. An aqueous solution of silver ions was treated with alive biomass of P. formousm for the formation of AgNPs. The physio-chemical properties of synthesized silver nanoparticles were studied using analytical techniques such as UV-Vis spectrophotometer, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier Trans- form Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR).  The antimicrobial effect of synthesized silver nanoparticles was also tested on several microorganisms by measuring the inhibition zone.
Results: These nanoparticles showed an absorption peak at λmax 437 nm in the UV-visible spectrum, corresponding to the Surface Plasmon Resonance of AgNPs. The transmission electron micrographs of nanoparticles in an aqueous solution showed production of silver nanoparticles synthesized by P. formosum. The obtained AgNPs are spherical in shape with a size ranging from 1.83 nm to 26.15nm. The Fourier transmittance infrared spectrum (FTIR) confirms the presence of bio component in alive biomass of P. formosum which was responsible for the nanoparticles synthesis. The antimicrobial test revealed that AgNPs synthesized by P. formosum is capable to inhibit the growth of microorganisms.
Conclusion: The results confirmed that AgNPs can act as a powerful antimicrobial agent against fish and human pathogens.
Immune response in cutaneous leishmaniasis patients with healing vs. non-healing lesions
Authors: Miramin-Mohammadi Akram , Javadi Amir , Eskandari Seyed Ebrahim , Mortazavi Hossein , Nateghi Rostami Mahmoud , Khamesipour Ali
Published: June 2020

Background and Objectives: The outcome of Leishmania infection mainly depends upon the Leishmania species which causes the disease and the generation of the type of host immune response, the healing process and protection in leishman- iasis depends upon induction of Th1 response. In this study, the Th1/Th2 cytokine profile in cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is evaluated.
Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in leishmaniasis clinic of CRTSDL, TUMS, during March 2018 to March 2019. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of volunteers with active healing and non-healing lesion (s) of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), volunteers with and without history of CL were cultured and stimulated with Soluble Leish- mania antigen (SLA). The supernatants were collected and the levels of IFN-γ, IL-5 and IL-10 were titrated using ELISA method.
Results: The results showed a significantly higher levels of IFN-γ in volunteers with active CL healing form (p<0.005), history of CL (p<0.005) than healthy volunteers. A significantly (p<0.005) higher level of IFN-γ was seen in volunteers with active healing form of lesion than non-healing form. There was a significantly (p<0.005) higher level of IL-10 in volunteers with a history of non-healing form and active non-healing form of CL. There was no significant difference in IL-5 production in PBMC of different groups.
Conclusion: IFN-γ production starts at early stage of cutaneous leishmaniasis and enhance during course of lesion healing, IFN-γ level is significantly higher in all patients compared to healthy volunteers, IFN-γ is significantly higher in patients with healing form than non-healing form of lesion.
Cases of Mediterranean spotted fever in southeast of Iran
Authors: Farrokhnia Mehrdad , Yousefi Ghalejoogh Zohreh , Rohani Mahdi , Ghasemi Ahmad , Esmaeili Saber , Mostafavi Ehsan
Published: June 2020

In this study the clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and management of five patients diagnosed with Mediterra- nean spotted fever (MSF) from southeast of Iran are presented. All patients but one had recent tick-bite histories which were noticeable as black eschars (tache noire). Patients’ samples were tested by real-time PCR and serology (IFA). The disease was confirmed by fourfold rising of IgG antibodies against Rickettsia conorii. This is the first report of MSF cases in Iran.
Tests with proven value in diagnosis of COVID-19
Authors: Hussain Khan Zahid , Samadi Shahram , Makarem Jalil , Mireskandari Seyed Mohamad
Published: June 2020

COVID-19 has literally ravaged the entire world. People from all walks of life are badly affected because of compulsory lockdown around the world. Timely diagnosis is a problem as there is no single test that can achieve the highest acceptable sensitivity. Some of the tests are indeed costly and footing the bill by the governments can cause a tremendous load on the Treasury. As it stands, the current tests are beyond patient means and, thus, the patient would never have it performed. Lastly, there is no consensus as to whether everyone should be tested for COVID-19 and not based on presence of clinical features. Unfortunately, since the disease has been declared a pandemic, all should be considered to be infected unless provenother- wise by the tests that are performed.
Effective Factors in Improving the Emergency Department Preparedness of Hospitals in Radiation and Nuclear Incidents and Nuclear Terrorism: A Systematic Review
Authors: AHMADI MARZALEH Milad , REZAEE Rita , REZAIANZADEH Abbas , RAKHSHAN Mahnaz , HADDADI Gholamhassan , PEYRAVI Mahmoudreza
Published: June 2020

Background: Due to existence of nuclear power plant sites in various parts of the world, as well as political threats in disaster-prone areas throughout the world, there is a probability of nuclear and radiation incidents. The present study aimed to extract effective criteria in emergency department preparedness of hospitals in radiation, nuclear incidents and nuclear terrorism in different countries around the world. Methods: A systematic search was carried out in Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, ProQuest and Embase databases between Jan 1970 and Jul 2018. The systematic search was carried out according to the PRISMA standard. The required information was extracted from the papers based on the abstract and collection form. Results: Overall, 1091 papers were finally extracted. The initial search included research papers. After reviewing the papers’ titles, abstracts and full texts, 15 papers were selected for final analysis. Next, 32 criteria were extracted. The criteria were divided into 3 categories. The categories included staff, stuff and systems (structure). The most frequent criteria included training criteria, personal protective equipment, decontamination and practice. Conclusion: The results of the systematic review provided an overview of the effective factors in improving the emergency department preparedness during radiation and nuclear incidents. In addition to the mentioned criteria in different studies, other hidden factors affect the emergency department preparedness in radiation and nuclear incidents. Thus, the highest level of preparedness should be considered.
Expression, Proliferation and Apoptosis of miR‑92b in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: XU Yongzhi , FANG Fang , WANG Jinghui , ZHAO Chunli , ZHAO Jingyang , DING Peng
Published: June 2020

Background: Expression of miR‑92b in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) rat tissue and its effect on the OSCC CAL‑27 cells were investigated. Methods: The study was performed in Qingdao Stomatological Hospital, Qingdao, China on December 2018. Thirty Wistar rats were used to construct models of oral squamous cell carcinoma. CAL‑27 cells trascfected by Lipofectamine 2000 were divided into miR‑92b inhibitor, miR‑NC and blank groups. RT‑qPCR was used for the detection of the expression level of miR‑92b, and MTT and flow cytometry were carried out for the detection of the effect of miR‑92b on the proliferation and apoptosis of CAL‑27 cells, respectively. Results: The expression level of miR‑92b was significantly higher in tumor tissues than that in normal tissues (P<0.001). The miR‑92b inhibitor group had significantly lower proliferation ability but higher apoptosis rate of CAL‑27 cells than the miR‑NC and blank groups. After miR‑92b was downregulated by trans-fecting cells, the expression level of miR‑92b was significantly lower in the miR‑92b inhibitor group than that in the miR‑NC and blank groups. Conclusion: miR‑92b inhibitor can inhibit the proliferation of CAL‑27 cells and promote apoptosis, which provides certain references for clinical treatment. It is expected to be a potential target for treating OSCC.
Lower Coverage Rates of Full Rotavirus Vaccine Series in Libyan Children: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study, 2016
Authors: ALKOSHI Salem , LESHEM Eyal
Published: June 2020

Background: There are little data on the current condition of national immunization programme (NIP) in Libya. In 2013, pentavalent rotavirus vaccines were added to the NIP. Incomplete rotavirus vaccine series may result in lower vaccine effectiveness. The study aimed to assess timeliness and coverage rates of routine NIP vaccinations including the newly introduced rotavirus vaccine in Libya. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study of children aged 0 to 18 months was carried out in vaccination centers of two north-western cities. Data were collected during Nov-Dec 2016 from vaccination cards of children. Child age and doses received in previous visits were documented. Results: Overall, we included 1023 children assessed in 29 visits at six vaccination centers. In children aged 18 months, coverage rates for all doses of BCG, OPV, HepB, pneumococcal, Meningococcal and MMR vaccines exceeded 95%. Coverage rates for second and third doses of rotavirus vaccines were 89% and 68%, respectively. Most (75%) children who missed the third dose of rotavirus vaccine were aged >8 months when at the time of appointment for the third dose. Conclusion: Overall, the coverage rate for routine vaccination in children assessed at immunization centers in northwest Libya was high. Lower coverage of full pentavalent rotavirus vaccine series may have been the result of exceeding the age restriction. Measures to improve timeliness of vaccination appointments should be assessed. Lifting the age restriction on rotavirus vaccines should be considered for at-risk population.
Exploration of Epidemiological Characteristics for the Occurrence of Stroke in One Chronic Demonstration Area of Zhejiang Province in China: A Retrospective Study from 2009-2015
Authors: FENG Wei , WANG Chunli , LIU Kui
Published: June 2020

Background: Fenghua County, located on the eastern coast of Zhejiang Province, showed a higher stroke incidence than other counties of Ningbo Municipality while the potential epidemiology pattern was not explored. Methods: The study data of first-ever stroke cases were collected from the Internet-based Comprehensive Chronic Disease Surveillance System (ICDSS) in Zhejiang Province. Spatio-temporal analysis and time series model were explored and constructed to identify the epidemiological characteristics in local. Results: A total of 10215 first-ever strokes were reported in Fenghua County from 2009 to 2015, including 8292 ischemic strokes (81.18%), 1839 hemorrhagic strokes (18.00%), and 84 unclassifiable strokes (0.82%). According to occupational distribution, peasants had the highest proportion (82.59%). Also, ischemic stroke was the main stroke subtype with a proportion of 81.18%. Space-time scan analysis, among 26 residential communities in Fenghua County from the period of 2009-2015, presented that only one most likely cluster was identified in 2009 with the relative risk (RR) value of 1.15. Besides, the ARIMA (0,1,2) model was determined as the optimal one to predict the trend of stroke. Conclusion: Under the trend of an aging population, the stroke incidence in Fenghua County was increased with the ischemic stroke as the main subtype. Peasant groups and persons in middle age and above were the targeted objects for the control and prevention of stroke. Besides, specific interventions, like hypertension health management and health education, should be strengthened to reduce the incidence of stroke effectively in the future.
Specific Detection of Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica in Infected Domesticated Animals Using High-Resolution Melting Analysis (HRM)
Authors: MOGHADAMIZAD Zeinab , HOSSEINI-SAFA Ahmad , MOHEBALI Mehdi , HEYDARIAN Peyman , ARYAEIPOUR Mojgan , ROKNI Mohammad Bagher
Published: June 2020

Background: It is difficult to make an exact morphological distinction between Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica. We used High Resolution Melting analysis (HRM) method to differentiate the F. hepatica species from F. gigantica in order to differentiate them. Methods: Overall, 80 adult liver flukes were collected from infected slaughtered animals including cattle, sheep and goats from Lorestan Province, western Iran from Sep 2015 to Aug 2017. Genomic DNA was extracted using commercial DNA extraction kit. The multilocus sequences of mDNA including COX1, COX3 and ND6 were amplified employing real-time PCR & HRM analysis. Specific and universal primer pairs were designed for differentiation Fasciola spp. Results: Universal primers cannot be used to distinguish between these two species, but in the contrary, specific primer pairs of each species could differentiate them properly. Molecular identification using specific primer pairs were consistent. Conclusion: HRM is a simple, fast and reliable method for detecting and differentiating F. hepatica from F. gigantica and can be used for diagnostic and epidemiological purposes.
Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles and Clonal Relationship among Non-ESBL Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli Isolates and ESBL Producing E. coli Isolates from Human Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: ABDI-HACHESOO Bahman , DERAKHSHANDEH Abdollah , MOTAMEDIFAR Mohammad , AZIMZADEH Negar
Published: June 2020

Background: We aimed to investigate antimicrobial resistance and clonal relationships among poultry Escherichia coli isolates from different broiler farms and their relationships with Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) producing urinary pathogenic E. coli (UPEC) isolates from the same geographical area. Methods: Twenty four E. coli isolates from six broiler farms with colibacillosis and 97 ESBL producing human UPEC isolates were investigated for resistance to critically important antimicrobials in human medicine in Shiraz, central Iran in 2015-16. In addition, clonal relationships of these isolates were investigated with Pulse Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE). Results: As expected, cephalosporins and imipenem resistance were significantly higher in ESBL producing human E. coli isolates in comparison with non-ESBL avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) isolates. In addition, significantly higher percentages of gentamycin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole resistance were seen in human isolates. In contrast, nitrofurantoin resistance was significantly higher in APEC isolates. Based on PFGE patterns, five clusters were identified in APEC isolates. Isolates from each farm were closely related to each other by PFGE patterns. However, different PFGE restriction profiles were seen among the E. coli isolates from different broiler farms. Comparison of PFGE patterns among APEC and UPEC isolates showed two closely related PFGE patterns. Conclusion: There were clonally related E. coli isolates caused the outbreaks of colibacillosis within broiler farms. Some of these isolates had closely related PFGE patterns with human UPEC isolates which suggest avian pathogenic E. coli strains as a potential zoonosis.
Assessing Compatibility of Growth Indices of Exclusive Breastfed Infants to World Health Organization Growth Standards: A Regional Study in Urban Centers of Iran
Authors: TARVIJESLAMI Saeedeh , ESLAMI Maryam , VAHEDI Mahdieh , BAYESH Seyedehsara , NASIRIAN Hosain
Published: June 2020

Background: Breastfeeding as a normal way provides all the nutrients for infant’s growth and development. World health organization (WHO) growth standards are definitely recommended for breastfed infants monitoring. We attempted to compare the growth of males and females exclusively breastfed infants founded on WHO standards and to assess whether the infant growth is consistent with the growth standard of WHO. Methods: Data was roundup from two surveys, a clinic owned by a physician and four public health organization instructed from 2011-2016 containing 500 healthy infants exclusively breastfed, aged birth up to 6 months, in northeastern Iran, Mashhad. Results: Growth criteria for male infants were significantly higher than females P<0001. Founded on WHO standards, the growth was different between female and male infant's weight at 1-2 months P=0.034. Moreover, height at birth and 5-6 months of age P=0.003 and <0.001. Furthermore, newborns’ head circumference P=0.003, and 4-5 months of age, P=0.019. There were no significant differences at the other months of age between growth indexes of males and females. Growth indexes in 70% of infants in these months of age were observed within normal range and similar to WHO standards, especially in male infants. Conclusion: Growth indexes were similar to WHO standards. However, in Iran, these breastfed growth standards are not respected. Implementing WHO standards may have important implications for child health programs, which leads to monitoring of correct growth of breastfed infants and preserving exclusive breastfeeding with developing nutritional intervention program.
Acne in Traditional Persian Medicine
Authors: SHIRBEIGI Laila , RAHBAR Mohammadreza , MANSOURI Parvin , SALMANIAN Mahboobeh , GHOBADI Ali
Published: June 2020

Background: Acne Vulgaris is a common skin condition in 35%-90% of youth. Although traditional methods of treating acne in Iran seem to be common and high demand, a few studies about this issue have been accomplished. This study aimed to find out how much definitions and recommendations about this condition in Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) are similar to contemporary medicine. Methods: Seven main reference books from TPM were selected. The equivalents of acne in TPM were found and comparison of the definitions and recommendations of TPM and CM were extracted. Two diseases called Namlah and Bosoor-Labanieh were most similar to acne. These keywords were searched in TPM Books by using “Noor software”. Results: In TPM references, two diseases of “Namlah” and “Bosoor-Labanieh” are very similar to acne. The cause of these diseases in TPM textbooks has been explained as the effort of the body for the disposal of wastes through the skin and accumulation of them below it. The treatments are lifestyle modification, drug therapy, and manual interventions. Conclusion: Interventions of TPM have been experienced by Iranian physicians of the Old Testament over hundreds of years. There are meaningful similarities among TPM texts in descriptions and advice. In addition, there are remarkable similarities in the disease characteristics and some of the recommendations for acne in TPM and CM. The effectiveness and cost-benefit of the recommended TPM therapeutics and methods can be considered and evaluated as hypotheses for the case and group studies and clinical trials.
Report of a Patient with Multiple Mutations Leading to CharcotMarie-Tooth Disease and Distal Spinal Muscular Atrophy: A Case Report
Authors: MEHRABI Atefeh , FARHUD Dariush D. , NAYERNIA Karim , SADIGHI Hossein , ZARIF-YEGANEH Marjan
Published: June 2020

The Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease is a group of progressive disorders that affects the peripheral nerves and results in loss of sensation and atrophy of muscles in lower limbs. There are several types of Charcot-Marie-Tooth and multiple genes are associated with this disease. Distal spinal muscular atrophy is an extremely rare disorder characterized by progressive pure lower motor neuron involvement. A 24 yr old woman using wheelchair referred to Farhud Genetic Clinic, Tehran, Iran in 2019, with progressive muscular atrophy, pain and Electromyography test suggesting Charcot-Marie-tooth. Both feet and hands were involved. Whole exome sequencing was performed on extracted DNA from her blood sample. We report the first case of a patient with different types of CharcotMarie-Tooth and distal spinal muscular atrophy simultaneously, which are as a result of mutations in multiple genes; this case is very uncommon.
Real-Time Dynamic Insulin Pump Nursing Care of a Diabetic Patient after Heart Transplantation
Authors: XUELIAN Yin , LIPING Wei
Published: June 2020

The article's abstract is no available.
Investigation of Bioaerosols in Laboratories of Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Authors: KASHI Giti , BEYGLU Homa
Published: June 2020

The article's abstract is no available.
The Effects of Resistance Training on Body and Liver Fat Stores and Insulin Resistance in Peoples with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: GHAMAR CHEHREH Mohammad Ebrahim , SHAMSODDINI Alireza , RAHIMI Mostafa
Published: June 2020

The article's abstract is no available.
The Efficacy of Periodic Complete Blood Count Tests in Evaluation of the Health Status of Radiation Workers in Iran: A Systematic Review
Authors: ZARE Asma , MORTAZAVI Seyed Mohammad Javad
Published: June 2020

Background: Periodic medical examinations of radiation workers are routinely conducted in many countries. Although low dose radiation (LDR) is not expected to cause a significant effect on blood count, the periodic examination usually includes reviewing the work history, general medical history, a physical examination and collecting a blood sample. Despite lymphocytes are the most sensitive cells to radiation, their counts do not show any significant change as long as the radiation level is less than a few hundreds of millisievert (mSv). In spite of this, in Iran, radiation workers, even those who work in diagnostic radiology departments, are regularly examined for blood count changes. Methods: After a detailed search in PubMed, ISI, Scopus, SID and Google Scholar, only 12 out of 650 articles matched our criteria. A review of these 12 reports was conducted. The full texts were fully reviewed by the authors. Results: The complete blood count (CBC) test has a very low efficacy in evaluation of the adverse health effects of ionizing radiation in radiation workers. Therefore, finding alternative methods with a higher efficacy is recommended. Conclusion: CBC tests cannot be introduced as valid markers of potential radiation effects in most occupational exposures. Given this consideration, in periodic tests of radiation workers, cytogenetic tests can be the gold-standard method. In particular, due to its relatively low cost and good sensitivity and specificity, the dicentric assay can be promising. Moreover, the simple and rapid evaluation of micronuclei by fast automated scoring systems can be a good alternative for current low efficacy CBC tests.
Low Birth Weight, and Low Ponderal Index Mediates the Association between Preeclampsia, Placenta Previa, and Neonatal Mortality
Authors: NAWSHERWAN . , KHAN Abbas , BEGUM Nabila , AHMED Zahoor , MUBARIK Sumaira , Ul HAQ Ijaz , NABI Ghulam , ULLAH Naeem , FAN Cuifang , WANG Suqing
Published: June 2020

Background: A retrospective study was conducted to assess the mediation role of low birth weight, and low ponderal index between the preeclampsia, placenta previa, and neonatal mortality in the tertiary hospital of Hubei Province, China. Methods: A total of 12772 neonatal births were included for data analysis. Birth weight, birth length, and neonatal mortality were recorded after birth. Sobel test based on mediation regression was used to evaluate the effect of mediator variables. Results: Approximately, 383 (3%) and 409 (3.2%) women experienced preeclampsia and placenta previa respectively. After adjusting for covariates, the indirect effect of preeclampsia on neonatal mortality mediated by low birth weight and low ponderal index was [β 2.59 (95% CI: 0.74 – 4.44)], and [β 3.94 (95% CI: 1.50 – 6.38)] respectively. Moreover, the indirect effect of placenta previa on neonatal mortality mediated by the low birth weight was [β 1.74 (95% CI: 0.16 – 3.31)], and low ponderal index was [β 3.21 (95% CI: 0.95 – 5.48)]. The estimated mediation proportion between the preeclampsia and neonatal mortality accounting for possible mediation by low birth weight and low ponderal index was 44.5% and 34.5% respectively. Furthermore, 47.9% by low birth weight and 33.2% by low ponderal index mediate the association between placenta previa and neonatal mortality. Conclusion: Low birth weight, and low ponderal index partially mediates the association between preeclampsia, placenta previa and neonatal mortality.
Level and Factors Associated with Participation in PopulationBased Cancer Screening in Safranbolu District of Karabuk, Turkey
Authors: ÖZDEMIR Raziye , TÜRKMEN ÇEVIK Fatma , KES Duygu , KARACALI Merve , ÖZGÜNER Simge
Published: June 2020

Background: Cervix, breast and colorectal cancers are included in the national population-based screening (PBS) program in Turkey. This study aimed to assess participation in PBSs for these cancers and to identify factors associated with participation in screenings in Safranbolu district of Karabuk, Turkey in 2016-2017. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, separate studying groups for cervix, breast and colorectal cancers were identified, taking into account the target age range specified in the national screening standards. The sample size was determined to be 374 for cervical cancer, 371 for breast cancer and 373 for colorectal cancer in the Epi-Info StatCalc program with a prevalence of 50%, a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) and a 5% error margin. The results of the data collected through face-to-face interview using questionnaires were evaluated with Chisquare tests (P<0.05) and included in the binary logistic regression model. Results: Participation in PBS at least once between 2011 and 2016 years was 26.2% for cervical cancer, 27.6% for breast cancer and 31.6% for colorectal cancer, whereas the level of PBS or opportunistic screening at least once was 51.1%, 42.7% and 32.2%, respectively. A 2.9-fold increase in participation for the cervical cancer screening was associated with informing women about cervical cancer by the family physicians. Being married and living in the district center showed associations with a higher rate of participation for colorectal cancer screening. Conclusion: Participation in PBS was low for the 5.5-year period. More effort is needed to increase the effectiveness of the program.