bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Female Headed Households in Early Modern Kyoto, Japan
Authors: Nagata Mary Louise
Published: June 2017

Abstract: This study examines female-headed households in the late Tokugawa era in Kyoto, Japan, 1843-1868. The study uses a data set of 37,000 person-year observations from individual faith surveys (also known as population registers) compiled by 30 neighborhoods in Kyoto, supplemented by qualitative documents to compare those households listing a female head with those listing a male head or a child aged 1-10 as the head of household. The number of households listing women or children as head, despite the presence of adult males, already suggests that headship was not about patriarchal authority. This study of female-headed households therefore examines the significance of listing women as head of household and what female headed households reveal about gender, headship and family in mid-nineteenth century Kyoto during the final years of the Tokugawa regime.Key words: Female headed households, headship, marriage, inheritance, children, propertyResumen: El presente trabajo examina los hogares con jefatura femenina en la era Tokugawa tardía (1843-1868) en Kioto, Japón. Se usó un conjunto de datos de 37.000 observaciones año-persona de encuestas individuales (también llamadas registros de población) compiladas por 30 barrios en Kioto y complementadas por documentos cualitativos para comparar los hogares con jefatura femenina con aquellos que tenían a un niño entre uno y diez años como jefe de hogar. La cantidad de hogares que registraron mujeres o niños cabeza de hogar, a pesar de la presencia de hombres adultos, sugiere que la jefatura no estaba relacionada con la autoridad patriarcal. Por lo tanto, el estudio de hogares con jefatura femenina examina el significado de los registros de mujeres como cabeza de hogar y lo que este tipo de hogares refleja sobre el género, la jefatura y la familia en el Kioto de mediados del siglo XIX, durante los últimos años del régimen Tokugawa.Palabras clave: Hogares con jefatura femenina, jefatura, matrimonio, herencia, hijos, propiedades
The Middle Ages are not enough: the fourth paradox and the marginalization of the Roman Empire
Authors: Morales Francesc
Published: June 2017

Abstract: The palates of the nationalist authors of the 19th century found the common past exemplified by the Roman Empire to be too homogeneous a taste. Although this premise may be valid for all European nationalist movements of the 19th and early 20th centuries, the discussion here is limited to Spain’s problematic national construction during the 19th century and the group formed by Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg. Spain and ‘Benelux’ were chosen because they represent complex problems in the construction of a key dynamic of European nationalism: a political contemporary diversity linked to pre-Roman and post-Roman pasts. Despite these political and historical connections, the paths taken by these nationalisms are significantly different.Key words: Rome, Netherlands, Spain, nationalism, EuropeResumen: Un pasado común ejemplificado por el Imperio Romano pasa por ser demasiado homogéneo para el gusto de los autores nacionalistas en el siglo XIX. Esta premisa puede ser válida para todos los movimientos nacionalistas europeos, pero voy a limitarme a la problemática de la construcción nacional en España durante el siglo XIX y al grupo formado por Bélgica, los Países Bajos y Luxemburgo. Ambas regiones representan similares complejidades en la construcción de un nacionalismo europeo: una diversidad política contemporánea enlazada con un pasado prerromano y post-romano. A pesar de tener conexiones políticas e históricas, el camino de estos dos nacionalismos es significativamente diferente.Palabras clave: Roma, Países Bajos, España, nacionalismo, Europa
Editorial
Authors: Suzigan Wilson , Garcia Renato
Published: June 2017

A excelente acolhida do meio acadêmico à chamada da RBI para o número especial demonstra a importância do tema Política Industrial e Inovação e a oportunidade de seu debate num veículo especializado como esta revista. Para nossa satisfação, o número de submissões superou as melhores expectativas. Foram submetidos 36 artigos de um conjunto de 83 autores, abrangendo 25 instituições de cinco países. Os detalhes sobre a avaliação e os resultados finais do processo competitivo de seleção de artigos que compõem este número especial da RBI encontram-se na página da revista (http://www.ige.unicamp.br/ojs/rbi/announcement/view/24).
Política industrial e desenvolvimento regional: convergência entre a Política de Desenvolvimento Produtivo, o Plano Brasil Maior e o Polo Industrial de Manaus
Authors: Pessali Huascar Fialho , Shima Walter Tadahiro
Published: June 2017

O artigo avalia a existência de sobreposição de alvos entre o desenho das políticas industriais (PDP e PBM) e a política de desenvolvimento regional dirigida ao Polo Industrial de Manaus (PIM). Verifica-se que parte dos segmentos industriais do PIM é contemplada no PDP e no PBM, a maioria dos quais com elos produtivos intensivos em escala, dependentes em conhecimento e inovação, e usuários vorazes do complexo eletrônico. Este complexo, de maior potencial inovativo e de spillover, se desenvolveu limitadamente no PIM e em outras regiões do país, guardando suas competências centrais nas matrizes. As etapas produtivas localizadas no PIM, embora de indústrias com razoáveis inovatividade e resposta à renda, são pouco intensivas em conhecimento e inovação locais. Os esforços para incorporar maior intensidade de P&D e inovação aos elos produtivos do PIM têm se concentrado nas instituições da política regional.
Editorial
Authors: Suzigan Wilson , Garcia Renato
Published: June 2017

A editoria da RBI, por meio de sua política editorial e do rigor no processo de avaliação de manuscritos, tem feito esforços sistemáticos para aprimorar a qualidade científica dos artigos publicados. Com isso, têm sido atingidos resultados positivos, como atesta o crescente número de citações de artigos publicados na RBI, segundo o Google Acadêmico. Em 2014 foram 271 citações, diante das médias anuais de 59 citações em 2006-2007, 173 em 2008-2010 e 246 em 2011-2013. Tal desempenho resulta também da maior visibilidade científica alcançada pela revista a partir de sua disponibilidade em bases indexadoras nacionais e internacionais de acesso aberto, além da sua página na internet. Segundo o Google Analytics, em 2014 foram efetuados mais de 35.000 acessos ao site da RBI e 4.462 downloads. Foi importante também o avanço, embora tímido, no processo de internacionalização da revista, representado por maior número de artigos de autores estrangeiros e maior participação de pareceristas de outros países no processo de avaliação.
Padrões de especialização e fluxos de comércio internacional dos países integrantes do grupo BRIC no período 2000-2012
Authors: Xavier Clésio Lourenço , Yamane Daniela Fernanda
Published: June 2017

O trabalho tem por objetivo caracterizar, quantitativa e qualitativamente, a evolução dos fluxos de comércio dos países integrantes do grupo BRIC (Brasil, Rússia, Índia e China) nos anos 2000. Para isso, analisam-se o crescimento, a composição relativa e o saldo comercial dos fluxos de comércio do BRIC e calculam-se os indicadores de comércio exterior (market-share, vantagens comparativas reveladas e índice de contribuição ao saldo comercial). Os resultados obtidos mostraram que, por um lado, o Brasil e a Rússia não apenas mantiveram um padrão de especialização rígido, com continuidade daquele verificado no início dos anos 2000, como também se aprofundaram neste padrão, com aumento do dinamismo em produtos primários e intensivos em recursos naturais (eficiência ricardiana). Por outro lado, a Índia e, principalmente, a China apresentaram modificações no período, convergindo para um padrão de especialização pautado em produtos de maior valor agregado e com maior diversificação (eficiência em crescimento e eficiência schumpeteriana).
SEMI SINTESIS SENYAWA 2,4,6-TRINITROFENILHIDRAZON KALANON DAN UJI AKTIVITAS TERHADAP SEL LEUKIMIA L1210
Authors: Chasani Mochammad , Iswanto Ponco , Vaulina Eva , Satria Putra Winkanda , Hanafi M
Published: June 2017

Kalanon adalah senyawa antikanker yang diisolasi dari Calophyllum biflorum Hends dan Ws. Aktivitas kalanon terhadap sel leukemia L1210 masih rendah yakni dengan niali IC50 = 59,4 ug/mL. Suatu senyawa dikatakan aktif sebagai antikanker jjika memiliki nilai IC50 di bawah 10 ug/mL. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mensintesis senyawa turunan kalanon dan diharapkan diperoleh senyawa baru yang mempunyai aktivitas lebih tinggi dibandingkan senyawa asal kalanon.Senyawa turunan kalanon diperoleh melalui reaksi antara kalanon dengan 2,4,6-trinitrofenilhidrazin. Reaksi dilakukan pada suhu 78 oC selama delapan jam. Analisis pendahuluan senyawa hasil sintesis dilakukan dengan metode kromatografi lapis tipis (KLT) menggunakan eluen n-heksana dan etil asetat (2:1, v/v). Pemurnian senyawa hasil sintesis menggunakan teknik rekristalisasi dengan pelarut n-heksana dan diklorometan (3:1, v/v). Senyawa hasil sintesis diperoleh dengan Rf = 0,6609 dan rendemen 5,125 % ( b/b) serta berupa kristal berwarna coklat.Identifikasi senyawa hasil sintesis dilakukan dengan spektrometer massa dan spektrofotometer IR. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan bahwa senyawa hasil sintesis yang diharapkan telah terbentuk. Data spektrometer massa diperoleh ion molekul M+ = 647 dengan lepasnya molekul H2. Fragmen-fragmen yang terbentuk adalah pada m/e = 504, m/e = 479, m/e = 451, m/e = 429, m/e = 405, m/e = 377, m/e = 341, m/e = 316, m/e = 281, m/e = 253, m/e = 233, m/e = 207, m/e = 177, m/e = 156, m/e = 135, m/e = 96, m/e = 73, dan m/e = 41. Hasil spektrofotometer IR menunjukkan pita serapan pada 1654.8 cm-1 yang merupakan daerah regang ikatan rangkap C=N, pita serapan pada 3000 cm-1 – 3400 cm-1 adalah pita getaran OH fenol dan pita pada 1380 cm-1menunjukkan rentangan simetri gugus nitro (NO2). Hasil uji sitotoksik terhadap sel leukemia L1210 menghasilkan nilai IC50 sebesr 47.69 μg/ml.
ISOLASI Rhizopus oligosporus PADA BEBERAPA INOKULUM TEMPE DI KABUPATEN BANYUMAS
Authors: Dewi Ratna Stia , Aziz Saefuddin
Published: June 2017

Tempe merupakan makanan tradisional asli Indonesia. Tempe mengandung gizi yang cukup tinggi, mencakup 25% protein, 5% lemak, 4% karbohidrat serta kaya akan mineral dan vitamin B12. Sentra produksi tempe di Indonesia paling banyak di temui di Jawa Tengah, dan salah satunya ada di Kabupaten Banyumas. Tekstur tempe yang kompak dan berwarna putih tercipta dari hasil kerja jamur genus Rhizopus, yang ditambahkan sebagai inokulum pada saat pembuatan tempe. Salah satu jenis jamur yang sering dijumpai dalam ragi tempe adalah Rhizopus oligosporus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi jamur R. oligosporus dari beberapa inokulum tempe di Kabupaten Banyumas. 56 jamur diisolasi dari inokulum tempe. Semua isolat termasuk dalam genera Rhizopus. 19 diantaranya dipilih berdasarkan warna konidia, yang terdiri dari isolat dengan konidia coklat keabu-abuan, dan abu-abu. Pengamatan makroskopik dan mikroskopik menunjukkan bahwa isolat terpilih adalah R. oligosporus.
A Critical Review on Predicting Fouling in RO Desalination
Authors: Ruiz-García Alejandro , Melián-Martel Noemi , Nuez Ignacio
Published: June 2017

RO membrane fouling is one of the main challenges that membrane manufactures, the scientific community and industry professionals have to deal with. The consequences of this inevitable phenomenon have a negative effect on the performance of the desalination system. Predicting fouling in RO systems is key to evaluating the long-term operating conditions and costs. Much research has been done on fouling indices, methods, techniques and prediction models to estimate the influence of fouling on the performance of RO systems. This paper offers a critical review evaluating the state of industry knowledge in the development of fouling indices and models in membrane systems for desalination in terms of use and applicability. Despite major efforts in this field, there are gaps in terms of effective methods and models for the estimation of fouling in full-scale RO desalination plants. In existing models applied to full-scale RO desalination plants, neither the spacer geometry of membranes nor the efficiency and frequency of chemical cleanings - which play an important role in the performance of this process - are considered.
Fratura complexa do osso zigomático: relato de caso
Authors: Pereira Rodrigo dos Santos , Da silva Jonathan Ribeiro , Barbosa Júnior Paulo Roberto , Magacho Luis Fernando , Latini Gustavo Lima
Published: June 2017

O tratamento das fraturas complexas do osso zigomático representa um desafio para o cirurgião bucomaxilofacial, pois a presença de deslocamento do corpo do zigomático e cominuição das paredes orbitárias podem gerar sequelas significativas ao paciente. O princípio básico para o manejo destas fraturas está na adequada exposição e redução dos segmentos fraturados para o restabelecimento das dimensões faciais pré-trauma. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar um caso clínico de paciente vítima de fratura complexa  zigomaticomaxilar, tratada com fixação interna estável com placas e parafusos do sistema 1.5 e 2.0 mm. O paciente foi submetido à cirurgia de redução e fixação da fratura via acesso coronal, intrabucal, e subciliar, e, após o período de 02 meses de acompanhamento pós-operatório, pode retornar ao convívio social sem sequelas.Descritores: Zigoma; Fraturas Orbitárias; Fixação Interna de Fraturas.
A relevância da técnica de questionamento socrático na prática Cognitivo-Comportamental
Authors: Santos Camila Elidia Messias dos , Medeiros Francisco de Assis
Published: June 2017

A Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental se constitui como uma abordagem de psicoterapia breve, estruturada e orientada para a solução de problemas. Esse modelo terapêutico utiliza-se de princípios fundamentais de que as cognições exercem influência controladora sobre as emoções e os comportamentos; e o modo de agir ou se comportar podem influir nos padrões de pensamentos e emoções. Apontado como essencial para o andamento das sessões em terapia cognitivo-comportamental, o questionamento socrático representa uma das principais técnicas para modificação de pensamentos automáticos. A utilização de tal técnica deve ser feita a partir da identificação e registro dos pensamentos disfuncionais e do encorajamento do paciente a avaliá-los por meio de perguntas que o levem a pensar, e dessa forma, e ter verdadeira compreensão na tomada de decisões racionais segundo suas próprias conclusões. Desta forma, paciente e terapeuta fazem juntos um exame das evidências que apoiam seu pensamento e das evidências que são contrárias, de modo a encontrar novas possibilidades na interpretação de suas sensações físicas. Assim, este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar a aplicabilidade de tal técnica no manejo clínico da terapia cognitivo-comportamental, descrever o envolvimento entre paciente e terapeuta e expor estratégias para as formulações de perguntas; realizando-se em seguida uma discussão sobre suas possíveis indicações, contraindicações, benefícios e desvantagens.Descritores: Terapia Cognitiva; Atuação (Psicologia); Técnicas Psicológicas.
Concepção de estudantes de psicologia sobre diversidade sexual: reflexões sobre o fazer psicológico
Authors: Santos Aline Kogima Santana , Oliveira Flávia Cristina Santiago de , Santos Larissa Cristina Melinsky dos , Ferreira Sobrinho Lucas , Souza Vivian Daniele Martins de , Martins Eni de Fátima
Published: June 2017

Diante de uma sociedade marcada pela heteronormatividade, a Psicologia enquanto ciência necessita refletir e desempenhar uma práxis que possa contribuir com a inclusão da População LGBTT, a fim de não reproduzir premissas que possam corroborar com ideias heteronormativas e estereotipadas na prática psicológica que possuem poder de exclusão.  O presente estudo trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa acerca da concepção de estudantes de Psicologia sobre diversidade sexual, com ênfase nas Políticas Públicas. Foram entrevistados dez estudantes de Psicologia a partir do sétimo semestre de uma cidade do interior paulista. Os entrevistados participaram de forma livre e voluntária do estudo, pautados pelo termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido. A pesquisa consistiu em entrevistas semi-estruturadas com sete questões abertas, onde os participantes analisaram situações fictícias abrangendo os temas de Políticas Públicas e atuação do Psicólogo em diversos contextos, dentro do tema de diversidade sexual. Para analisar os dados, foi utilizada a estratégia de núcleos de significação proposto por Aguiar e Ozella (2006), fundamentando-se na perspectiva da Psicologia Histórico-Cultural como base epistemológica. Os resultados mostraram que em sua maioria, os acadêmicos salientam a importância de uma atuação reflexiva acerca dos temas que envolvem a diversidade sexual, buscando esclarecer e desmistificar pré-conceitos e promovendo a inclusão daqueles que sofrem discriminação. A partir das análises, conclui-se que há insciência por parte de alguns estudantes acerca de temas específicos da Diversidade Sexual, entretanto, a pesquisa apresenta direções para novos estudos ligados ao tema, sendo este relevante ao âmbito acadêmico, e fundamentalmente relevante à sociedade.Descritores: Sexualidade; Atuação (Psicologia); Políticas Públicas.
Caracterización in silico y análisis filogenético dela malato sintasa de Paracoccidioides brasiliensisasociada a su proceso de infección
Authors: Huayhua Julio K. , Rodriguez Luis A. , Sandoval Gustavo A.
Published: June 2017

Objetivo: Realizar la caracterización in silico de la proteína malato sintasa de Paracoccidioides brasiliensis relacionada con su proceso de infección. Materiales y métodos: Se obtuvo la secuencia aminoacídica de malato sintasa de P. brasiliensis (código de accesión: AQ75800.3) del GenBank. Dicha secuencia fue utilizada para determinar sus principales parámetros bioquímicos, dominios y regiones conservadas, predicción de estructuras secundarias y modelamiento tridimensional, empleando las herramientas bioinformáticas ProtParam, Clustal Omega, PHD Secondary Structure Prediction, SWISSMODEL, Phyre2 y Robetta, respectivamente. La visualización y comparación de los modelos tridimensionales se realizó empleando PyMol. Finalmente, se buscó el modelo de sustitución aminoacídica con modelgenerator_v_85 y se usó para generar una filogenia de máxima verosimilitud en PHYML, la cual se visualizó en FigTree. Resultados: La malato sintasa de P. brasiliensis es una proteína básica de 60.9 kDa, la cual presenta 53.1% de hélices α, 6.3% de láminas β y 40.6% de loops internos con plegamiento de tipo TIM beta/alpha-barrel. Se observó una estructura conservada entre diversos organismos. Conclusión: La malato sintasa de P. brasiliensis es una transferasa básica de mediano peso molecular que presenta estructura conservada y que estaría relacionada con su proceso de infección y el de otros organismos relacionados.
Towards a Dynamic Assessment of Unilateral Spatial Neglect
Authors: Peru Andrea , Bollini Alice , Costanzo Sergio , Dainelli Monica , Landucci Lea , Pezzatini Daniele , Del Bimbo Alberto , Viggiano Maria Pia
Published: June 2017

Background:

The traditional paper and pencil tests are often inadequate to detect the mild forms of Unilateral Spatial Neglect (USN).

Objective:

To verify the effectiveness of a touchscreen-based cancellation test in assessing individuals with USN.

Methods:

Seven individuals, six with right and one with left brain damage, who showed moderate to severe USN at admission, were involved in the study. Besides classic paper and pencil tests, participants were presented with a new, “user-friendly”, device consisting of an interactive “table” that integrates the principles of ecologic interaction and sophisticated technology. Such a touch screen table made possible to analyse the spatial and temporal evolution of the participants’ performance, providing a set of indices related to “how” the different tasks have been fulfilled, rather than simple raw scores.

Results:

This new technological approach turned out to be much more sensitive than the classic paper and pencil tests to detect the slightest forms of USN. In particular, while four out of the seven participants, performed flawless on the papery version of the Albert’s test, all of them made errors on the technological versions of the same Albert’s test. Finally, under all the different experimental conditions, participants achieved always a better performance when asked to erase rather than mark stimuli.

Conclusion:

Such a device has a potential in the ecological assessment of USN as well as in monitoring its evolution. Although in need of further substantiation, our findings further support the need to go beyond the traditional paper and pencil tests in the assessment of USN. The information provided by a more dynamic approach seems to be relevant for both clinical and research purposes.
Parallel network file systems using authenticated key exchange protocols
Authors: Sathya S. , Ranjith Kumar M. , Madheswaran K.
Published: June 2017

The keyestablishment for secure many-to-many communications is very important nowadays. The problem is inspired by the proliferation of large-scale distributed file systems supporting parallel access to multiple storage devices. In this, a variety of authenticated key exchange protocols that are designed to address the issues. This shows that these protocols are capable of reducing the workload of the metadata server and concurrently supporting forward secrecy and escrow-freeness. All this requires only a small fraction of increased computation overhead at the client. This proposed three authenticated key exchange protocols for parallel network file system (pNFS). The protocols offer three appealing advantages over the existing Kerberos-based protocol. First, the metadata server executing these protocols has much lower workload than that of the Kerberos-based approach. Second, two of these protocols provide forward secrecy: one is partially forward secure (with respect to multiple sessions within a time period), while the other is fully forward secure (with respect to a session). Third, designed a protocol which not only provides forward secrecy, but is also escrow-free.
TINGKAT SERANGAN HAMA Phyllocnistis near citrella (LEPIDOPTERA: PHYLLOCNISTIDAE) PADA PERKEBUNAN MANGGIS DI DESA KARACAK, KECAMATAN LEUWILIANG, KABUPATEN BOGOR
Authors: Sari Wilna -
Published: June 2017

Phyllocnistis near citrella atau hama pengorok daun merupakan salah satu hama yang dapat menyerang tanaman manggis, terutama pada masa flush.  Hama ini mempunyai gejala serangan khas berupa liang korokan yang berlekuk-lekuk pada bagian daun yang lama kelamaan akan mengering. Salah satu dampak dari serangan hama ini adalah rendahnya kemampuan daun berfotosintesis, sehingga menyebabkan daun berkembang tidak sempurna. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada perkebunan manggis milik petani di Desa Karacak, Kabupaten Bogor yang banyak ditemukan serangan hama ini meski relatif rendah. Penelitian diutamakan pada bibit manggis yang berumur ± 2 tahun dan pohon manggis berumur 7-9 tahun. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui tingkat serangan hama pengorok daun pada bibit dan pohon manggis. Selain itu juga mengetahui bentuk jaringan daun bekas korokan hama. Metode penelitian secara survey dan menentukan sampel tanaman yang akan diamati lalu dihitung tingkat serangan hama pada tanaman selama tiga kali masa flush  di minggu ke dua dan empat. Berdasarkan penelitian tersebut diketahui bahwa hama merusak jaringan spons pada daun. Serangan P.near citrella di bibit manggis meningkat pada masa flush ke-1 dan 2 secara nyata pada minggu ke dua dan ke empat. Demikian juga halnya pada pohon manggis, dimana serangan hama meningkat nyata pada masa flush ke-1 dan 2 pada minggu ke dua dan ke empat, sedangkan pada masa flush ke -3 tidak berbeda nyata karena dipengaruhi oleh faktor hujan.       
Safety and Efficacy of 3 Pediatric Midazolam Moderate Sedation Regimens
Authors: Gentz Rachel , Casamassimo Paul , Amini Homa , Claman Dan , Smiley Megann
Published: June 2017

Our aim was to characterize effectiveness and complications in children receiving oral midazolam alone, nasal midazolam alone, or oral midazolam with other sedatives. Children received oral midazolam alone, nasal midazolam, or oral midazolam in combination with other sedative medications. All subjects received a presedation history and physical examination and were sedated per protocol by any of 28 resident providers under attending supervision. Sedations were rated for success and complications by clinicians. Postoperative complications were assessed by trained staff up to 48 hours postoperatively. Seven hundred and one encounters, completed over 24 months, yielded 650 usable sedations. The majority of children were healthy (469; 68.2%) and 86% (532) weighed between 10 and 25 kg. Sedations were deemed successful in about 80% of cases. Planned treatment was completed in over 85% of encounters. Oral midazolam alone yielded the best behavior. Physical assessment factors of behavior and age were correlated (P = .035) with effectiveness. Hiccups and a positive medical history were significantly related (P = .049). Side effects of either nausea/vomiting, dysphoria, or hiccups occurred in less than 10% of cases. All 3 regimens were effective with minimal postoperative complications.
Effect of Topical Anesthesia Using an Adhesive Patch and Anesthetic Solution
Authors: Kishimoto Toshiyuki , Matsuura Nobuyuki , Kasahara Masataka , Ichinohe Tatsuya
Published: June 2017

We analyzed trigeminal somatosensory evoked potentials (TSEP) to the alveolar mucosa to investigate the efficacy of an amide local anesthetic, 2% lidocaine hydrochloride with 12.5 μg/mL epinephrine (Lido treatment) as a topical anesthetic. Eighteen consenting healthy adult volunteers were enrolled. A volume of 0.06 mL of Lido, 0.06 g of 20% benzocaine, or 0.06 mL of physiological saline (control) was instilled onto a hemostatic adhesive patch, which was then applied to the alveolar mucosa at the maxillary right canine for 5 minutes. An electrical stimulus approximately 5 times that of the sensory threshold was applied using a surface stimulation electrode. The trigeminal somatosensory evoked potential was recorded immediately, 5 minutes, and 10 minutes after removal of the patch. Positive P125 and P310 peaks and negative N100 and N340 peaks were observed as a result of the electrical stimulation. A significant decrease in the percentage change in amplitude of N100-P125 was observed in the Lido treatment immediately, 5 minutes, and 10 minutes after patch removal. In the Lido treatment, trigeminal somatosensory evoked potential amplitude at N100-P125 decreased significantly, suggesting that topical anesthesia produced by an amide local anesthetic may have a topical anesthetic effect as potent as that produced by an ester local anesthetic.
Comparison of Articaine and Lidocaine for Buccal Infiltration After Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block For Intraoperative Pain Control During Impacted Mandibular Third Molar Surgery
Authors: da Silva-Junior Geraldo Prisco , de Almeida Souza Liane Maciel , Groppo Francisco Carlos
Published: June 2017

In order to compare the efficacy of lidocaine and articaine for pain control during third molar surgery, 160 patients presenting bilateral asymptomatic impacted mandibular third molars were selected. They received 1.8 mL of 2% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:100,000 during inferior alveolar nerve block. In group 1 (n = 80), an infiltrative injection of 0.9 mL of 2% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:100,000 was performed in buccal-distal mucosa of the third molar. Group 2 (n = 80) received 0.9 mL of 4% articaine with epinephrine 1:100,000 in the contralateral side. All procedures were performed at the same visit, by a single operator, in a double-blind and parallel design. The duration of each surgery and the moment when the patient expressed pain were noted. Data were analyzed by nonpaired t test and chi-square test (alpha = 5%). Duration of surgery did not differ (p = .83) between Groups 1 (19.8 ± 2.3 minutes) and 2 (19.7 ± 3.0 minutes). Pain was expressed more in group 1 (26.3%) than in group 2 (10%) (odds ratio = 3.2, p = .0138). In both groups, tooth sectioning was the most painful event (p < .0001). No influence of gender (p = .85) or age (p = .96) was observed in pain response. Buccal infiltration of 4% articaine with epinephrine 1:100,000 showed more efficacy than 2% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:100,000 when used in combination with inferior alveolar nerve block in controlling intraoperative pain related to impacted mandibular third molar surgery.
Risk Factors for Pressure Ulcers at the Ala of Nose in Oral Surgery
Authors: Tsukamoto Masanori , Kobayashi Miwa , Yokoyama Takeshi
Published: June 2017

A quality review revealed pressure ulcers at the ala of nose in 16 cases (2.2%) over 3 years. We therefore retrospectively investigated the risk factors for alar pressure ulcers from nasal tubes. Male gender was the highest risk factor (odds ratio = 9.1411; 95% confidence interval = 1.680–170.58), and the second highest risk factor was duration of anesthesia (odds ratio = 1.0048/min of anesthesia; 95% confidence interval = 1.0034–1.0065). Male gender and duration of anesthesia appear to be risk factors for nasal tube pressure ulcers at the ala of nose in patients.
Calidad de los servicios logísticos
Authors: Sandoval Chávez Rebeca , Hinojosa Escajeda Juan Diego , Sandoval Chávez María Guadalupe
Published: June 2017

Esta investigación es la segunda parte del artículo “Prestadores de Servicios de apoyo a la exportación en la Comarca Lagunera”, publicado en la Revista Iberoamericana de Contaduría, Economía y Administración, vol.5, núm.10, donde se hace un recuento de los prestadores del servicio logístico.El éxito, la reduc­ción de costes y la satisfacción de los clientes de una organización depen­den de un sistema logístico bien gestiona­do, integrado y flexible, controlado en tiempo real y donde fluye la información de manera eficiente (IDE-CESEM, 2017).El objetivo de esta investigación es medir la calidad de los servicios logísticos en la Comarca Lagunera de acuerdo a tres dimensiones: conformidad, desempeño y confiabilidad, las cuales a su vez se desglosan en tres áreas: transporte, oficinas gubernamentales e instituciones financieras.Los principales resultados fueron: 35 % de las empresas encuestadas realiza tanto exportaciones como importaciones, 36 % solamente exporta y 29 % importa; asimismo, 54 % realiza operaciones de comercio exterior con una frecuencia semanal y el restante 46 % de manera mensual.Los empresarios señalan que las áreas donde más les afecta la falta de confiabilidad y el desempeño de sus prestadores de servicio son el transporte y la distribución de los productos. Su dificultad para manejar niveles adecuados en el almacén proviene de la incertidumbre con respecto al transporte y los tiempos de recepción de la materia prima.En términos generales, la oportunidad de mejorar la calidad de los servicios asciende a 57 %, mientras que las áreas de transporte aéreo y servicios financieros alcanzaron la calificación más baja. Por otro lado, 37 % de los exportadores e importadores considera que el precio que pagan por el transporte es elevado dada la contraprestación que reciben.  Otro resultado importante es que 56 % de las empresas encuestadas afirma que no conoce fuentes de financiamiento para la exportación y/o importación, dato confirmado con el ITEM 14 (¿Conoce los servicios que ofrece Bancomext, Pro México?), el cual arrojó que 4 de cada 10 empresas no conocen la gama de servicios que ofrecen estas instituciones.
SAK-ETAP SEBAGAI SOLUSI OVERLOAD STANDAR AKUNTANSI BAGI USAHA MIKRO, KECIL, MENENGAH, DAN KOPERASI
Authors: Narsa Niluh Putu Dian Rosalina Handayani , Isnalita Isnalita
Published: June 2017

Small medium enterprises (SMEs) play strategic role as business entity in the economic development. General SAK is overload and burdensome to be used as guidance for SMEs in performing their accounting activity. SMEs demand a less complicated accounting standard than existing general SAK, yet fulfill the quality of financial reporting. Thus, it becomes a motivation to establish SAK ETAP. There are two purposes in this paper. Firstly, this paper is aimed to review how overload general SAK is and to understand the background of SAK ETAP establishment as well. Secondly, this paper is aimed to completed the teoritical review with conducting research to disclose the extent of SAK ETAP implementation of cooperation and also to investigate wheter the different perception is exist between cooperation actors and accountant academics. Using descriptive statistic analysis, result showed that the implementation level of SAK ETAP in East Java can be categorized as "low implemented". Further, using independent t-test as data analysis, result showed that there are differences in perception between cooperation actors group and accountant academics group. Another empirical finding on SAK ETAP stated by other researchers have also been disclosed in this paper.
Facteurs de risque et dépistage du cancer chez les Premières Nations en Ontario
Authors: Mazereeuw Maegan V. , Yurkiewich Alexander , Jamal Sehar , Cawley Caroline , Jones Carmen R. , Marrett Loraine D.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

L’absence d’identificateurs, dans les bases de données administratives sur
la santé, nous empêche de bien comprendre le fardeau du cancer chez les Premières
Nations. Notre étude compare les facteurs de risque et le dépistage du cancer chez les
membres des Premières Nations en Ontario (vivant dans des réserves et hors réserves) et
chez les Ontariens non autochtones, en s’appuyant sur deux enquêtes sur la santé.

Méthodologie

L’absence d’identificateurs, dans les bases de données administratives sur
la santé, nous empêche de bien comprendre le fardeau du cancer chez les Premières
Nations. Notre étude compare les facteurs de risque et le dépistage du cancer chez les
membres des Premières Nations en Ontario (vivant dans des réserves et hors réserves) et
chez les Ontariens non autochtones, en s’appuyant sur deux enquêtes sur la santé.

Résultats

Une proportion plus élevée d’hommes, de femmes et d’adolescents des
Premières Nations vivant dans des réserves fumaient (RT = 1,97, 2,78 et 7,21 respectivement)
et souffraient d’obésité (RT = 1,73, 2,33 et 3,29 respectivement), comparativement
à leurs homologues non autochtones. Des tendances similaires ont été observées chez les
membres des Premières Nations vivant hors réserves. La consommation excessive ponctuelle
d'alcool fréquente était également plus répandue chez les hommes et les femmes
des Premières Nations vivant dans des réserves (RT = 1,28 et 2,22, respectivement) et
hors réserves (RT = 1,70 et 1,45, respectivement) que chez les Ontariens non autochtones.
Les hommes et les femmes des Premières Nations vivant dans des réserves étaient
deux fois moins susceptibles de consommer des fruits au moins deux fois par jour et des
légumes au moins deux fois par jour que les hommes et les femmes non autochtones
(RT = 0,53 et 0,54, respectivement). La participation au test de Pap était similaire dans
tous les groupes, mais les femmes des Premières Nations étaient moins susceptibles que
les femmes non autochtones (RT = 0,85) d’avoir subi une mammographie au cours des
cinq années précédant l’enquête.

Conclusion

Comparativement aux Ontariens non autochtones, les membres des
Premières Nations, en particulier ceux qui vivent dans une réserve, présentent un risque
accru de cancer et d’autres maladies chroniques. Ces résultats fournissent des éléments
probants à l’appui de politiques et de programmes visant à réduire le fardeau futur du
cancer et d’autres maladies chroniques chez les Premières Nations en Ontario.
Estimating how extra calories from alcohol consumption are likely an overlooked contributor to youth obesity
Authors: Battista Kate , Leatherdale Scott T.
Published: June 2017

Introduction

Youth obesity rates in Canada continue to rise. In this study, we produced
conservative estimates of the potential excess calories from alcohol use across different
alcohol consumption patterns common among Canadian youth to assess whether alcohol
use should be considered in future obesity prevention strategies.

Methods

Using data from 10 144 Grade 12 students participating in the COMPASS study
(2013/14), we estimated the number of calories consumed per year from alcohol consumption.
Our estimates were based on three different generic types of alcoholic beverages,
which were grouped according to average calorie content (vodka coolers; beer
[5%]; and beer [4%], wine and liquor) across different frequencies of alcohol use and
binge drinking.

Results

Results indicated high potential caloric intake for students who binge drank, as
well as high variability in the estimates for calories consumed based on common consumption
patterns for the different beverage types. For instance, 27.2% of students
binge drank once per month, meaning they consumed between 6000 and 13 200 calories
in one year (equivalent to 0.78 – 1.71 kg of fat). For the 4.9% of students who binge
drank twice per week, the total calories in one year would range from 52 000 to 114 400
(equivalent to 6.74 – 14.83 kg of fat).

Conclusion

Current recommendations for preventing youth obesity do not generally
include any consideration of alcohol use. The high prevalence of frequent alcohol consumption
and binge drinking by youth in this study and the substantial number of calories
contained in alcoholic beverages suggest alcohol use among youth may warrant
consideration in relation to youth obesity prevention.
Origin Determination and Differentiation of Gelatin Species of Bovine, Porcine, and Piscine through Analytical Methods
Authors: Eryılmaz Hatice Saadiye , Işık Beyza Şükran , Demircan Evren , Memeli Zahide , Çapanoğlu Esra , Erdil Dilara Nilüfer
Published: June 2017

Gelatin origin determination has been a crucial issue with respect to religion and health concerns. It is necessary to analyze the origin of gelatin with reliable methods to ensure not only consumer choices but also safety and legal requirements such as labeling. There are many analytical methods developed for detection and/or quantification of gelatin from different sources including bovine, porcine and piscine. These analytical methods can be divided into physicochemical, chromatographic, immunochemical, spectroscopic and molecular methods. Moreover, computational methods have been used in some cases consecutively to ensure sensitivity of the analytical methods. Every method has different advantages and limitations due to their own principles, applied food matrix and process conditions of material. The present review intends to give insight into novel analytical methods and perspectives that have been developed to differentiate porcine, bovine and piscine gelatins and to establish their authenticity. Almost every method can be succeeded in origin determination; however, it is a matter of sensitivity in that some researches fail to ensure sufficient differentiation.
Isıl İşlem Görmüş Sütlerde Salmonella Typhimurium Canlı Hücrelerinin PMA/Real-Time PCR ile Belirlenmesi
Authors: Kesmen Zülal , Aslan Hakiye
Published: June 2017

Applying different technological processes during the production of food has a lethal effect on the bacteria but DNA of these bacterial strains may cause false positive results when detected by real time PCR technique because they preserve their existence for a certain period of time. To overcome this shortcoming of the real time PCR technique, a new method has been developed in recent years, based on the removal of dead cell DNA from the medium by treatment with Propodium Monoazide (PMA) before DNA extraction. In this study, real-time PCR method was combined with PMA application for the detection of live cells of Salmonella Typhimurium in heat treated milk samples. For this purpose, milk samples inoculated with S. Tyhimurium were heat treated at different temperatures (60, 65, 70 and 75°C) and times (15, 60, 300, 900 sec) and number of live bacteria was determined comparatively by direct real-time PCR, PMA/real-time PCR and conventional cultural method. As a result, unlike the direct real time PCR technique, PMA/real-time PCR method prevents to a certain extent of false positive results from dead cells at all tested temperatures and times but higher results were obtained from PMA/real-time PCR method when compared to conventional cultural results. Therefore, further studies should be carried out to optimize the conditions of the PMA application in order to eliminate the high positive results detected by the PMA / real-time PCR method
Cuentas de orden
Authors: Agreda Moreno Enrique Jorge
Published: June 2017

El tema de las cuentas en orden debería ser estudiado con mayor amplitud y aunque la bibliografía específica no abunda, dada la importancia que reviste, el presente trabajo tiene como propósito realizar un acercamiento que contribuya al desarrollo de la disciplina. Partimos del reconocimiento de la contabilidad como un lenguaje, teniendo como base el surgimiento del paradigma de utilidad, y la revelación como prioridad, se planeta como las cuentas de orden tienen la posibilidad de complementar la información a terceros; reconociendo aquellos hechos que si bien no afectan la situación financiera del ente económico, pueden afectarlo en el futuro. En consecuencia, las cuentas de orden, forman parte de la estrategia de revelación plena, concebida en el ordenamiento colombiano. Y si no son de obligatoria utilización,  es prudente que los contadores públicos las conozcan y reconozcan su aplicación. Se busca por tanto dar soporte teórico, jurídico e ilustrar brevemente su aplicación.
La competitividad como característica intrínseca del desarrollo de los sistemas socioculturales
Authors: Silva Castellanos Tulio Ferney
Published: June 2017

Este trabajo hace parte del avance de los primeros resultados del proyecto de investigación denominado "Dinámica del Desarrollo Exportador del Valle del Cauca", que adelanta el Grupo de Investigación en Negocios Internacionales y Comercio Exterior de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Administración de la Universidad del Valle, al cual pertenece el autor. El fenómeno de la competitividad debe ser discutido reconociendo su complejidad. No se trata de un concepto estrictamente económico y ha constituido la base de la continuidad de los sistemas socioculturales. En el presente artículo se presenta una reflexión que, lejos de pretender ser concluyente, se apoya en el esquema analítico general de la antropología cultural, para tratar de explicar la manera en que la competitividad permea cada una de los factores evolutivos de los sistemas socioculturales. Esta exposición, puede servir de sustento a una convocatoria abierta para que desde las diferentes disciplinas del saber, se generen iniciativas de cooperación que redunden en beneficio de los sectores económicos que pueden presentar alternativas importantes de diversificación de la plataforma productiva de las regiones. La clave está en la creación de sinergias cognitivas, que reflejarán la capacidad de los agentes sociales para generar acción colectiva sobre la base de una misma interpretación de la realidad. Esta reflexión termina con la descripción de las tareas fundamentales que deben adelantarse desde las universidades, tanto en la forma como se comparte el conocimiento en las aulas, como en la manera en que desde estas, los docentes, investigadores y estudiantes pueden involucrarse activamente en la sugerencia de procesos de mejoramiento de las condiciones competitivas de sectores específicos.
Presentación v21n33
Authors: Varela Barrios Edgar
Published: June 2017

Preliminares edición vol. 21 N°33, junio de 2005
Gobernanza y Asimetrías de Poder. Una Mirada desde la Teoría Institucionalista al Estado de los Derechos de Primera Generación en el Valle del Cauca 1997 -2004
Authors: Delgado Moreno Wilson , Vallejo Mondragon Carlos Federico
Published: June 2017

Basados en datos oficiales -DANE y Policía Nacional-se construyeron un conjunto de indicadores que dan cuenta de la evolución de los derechos de primera generación en El Valle del Cauca durante el periodo 1997-2004. Una interpretación de los resultados apoyada en la teoría Institucionalista sugiere que durante el periodo habrían mutado las gobernanzas reglas del juego-en el departamento del Valle del Cauca, surgiendo mediante procesos de Isomorfismo Institucional y de feedback unas nuevas "reglas del juego social" que benefician a las clases propietarias del gran capital en detrimento de los derechos de primera generación de las clases medias. El análisis además sugiere la existencia de procesos isomórficos tanto de los grupos perpetradores como de las víctimas del crimen que devendrían en cambios cualitativos de éstos. Capacidades materiales objetivas más allá de la mera reglamentación jurídica serían necesarias para asegurar la llamada "gobernabilidad" para los diversos grupos sociales en el departamento
Research on Misalignment Fault Isolation of Wind Turbines Based on the Mixed-Domain Features
Authors: Xiao Yancai , Wang Yujia , Mu Huan , Kang Na
Published: June 2017

The misalignment of the drive system of the DFIG (Doubly Fed Induction Generator) wind turbine is one of the important factors that cause damage to the gears, bearings of the high-speed gearbox and the generator bearings. How to use the limited information to accurately determine the type of failure has become a difficult study for the scholars. In this paper, the time-domain indexes and frequency-domain indexes are extracted by using the vibration signals of various misaligned simulation conditions of the wind turbine drive system, and the time-frequency domain features—energy entropy are also extracted by the IEMD (Improved Empirical Mode Decomposition). A mixed-domain feature set is constructed by them. Then, SVM (Support Vector Machine) is used as the classifier, the mixed-domain features are used as the inputs of SVM, and PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) is used to optimize the parameters of SVM. The fault types of misalignment are classified successfully. Compared with other methods, the accuracy of the given fault isolation model is improved.
Water Infiltration and Moisture in Soils under Conservation and Conventional Agriculture in Agro-Ecological Zone IIa, Zambia
Authors: Esser Kjell
Published: June 2017

Conservation agriculture is often presented as being ‘climate smart’ due to anticipated increases in soil moisture. The extent of enhanced water availability in farmers’ fields is, however, poorly documented. This paper presents five data sets describing soil moisture in fields of small-scale conservation and conventional farmers in the Agro-ecological Zone IIa, Zambia. The data include (1) soil cover; (2) time required for visible soil surface saturation, ponding and initial runoff under artificial rainfall; (3) saturated water infiltration rates; (4) weekly soil moisture at six soil depths for two entire rain seasons; and (5) weekly rainfall in each field. Measurements were done for 15 pairs of comparable fields under conservation and conventional agriculture. Pairwise analysis showed significantly shorter time for surface saturation, ponding, and runoff in conservation fields compared to conventional fields. Saturated infiltration rates in riplines and basins of conservation fields were similar to rates in ploughed/hoed fields. Infiltration rates between riplines and between basins were 31–37% lower than those in ploughed/hoed fields. Soil moisture in riplines and basins of conservation fields was higher by an average factor of 1.08 down to 40 cm soil depth, whereas it was lower by an average factor of 0.89 between plant rows compared to fields under conventional tillage. Based on 34,000 soil moisture measurements from 0 to 60 cm depth over two seasons, soils in conservation fields contained a weighted average of 18.2% (vol.) water compared to 19.9% (vol.) in conventional fields (p < 0.05). The results indicate that small-scale adopters of conservation agriculture are less ‘climate smart’ than conventional farmers in terms of water infiltration and soil moisture.