bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Le type et l'authenticité du texte et leur influence sur la compréhension
Authors: Lah Meta
Published: December 2018

L'objet de cette étude est d'analyser le rôle du texte dans la compréhension écrite, notamment sous deux de ses aspects: le type et l'authenticité. Le but est surtout pra­ tique: en apprendre plus sur le rôle du texte pour pouvoir ensuite mieux enseigner et évaluer la compréhension écrite. Dans la pratique pédagogique il arrive souvent que les exercices de compréhen­ sion écrite proposés aux élèves ne les differencient pas assez, ce qui soulève certai­ nes questions sur ce qui est plus facile ou plus difficile pour les élèves. Pour l'élabo­ ration des exercices l'utilisation de textes adaptés de façon intuitive est une pratique courante et il convient de se demander si les textes adaptés de cette façon facilitent vraiment la compréhension.
Negative pronouns in Slovene: a minimalist account
Authors: Ilc Gašper , Milojević Sheppard Milena
Published: December 2018

In this paper we examine Slovene negative pronouns from a cross-linguistic per­spective and propose an account of their observed properties interms of minimalist feature checking theory as developed by Chomsky (1995, 1998, 1999, 2001)and modified by Pesetsky & Torrego (2000, 2002) and Hiraiwa (2000).
Naglasna znamenja v Bohoričevih Zimskih uricah 1584
Authors: Toporišič Jože
Published: December 2018

O naglasnih znamenjih v Bohoričevi slovnici 1584 je podrobneje pisal že pater Stanislav Škrabec, za njim pa l. 1968 Jakob Riglerl in 1971 Rudolf Kolarič. Škrabec je iz Bohoričeve slovnice navedel 81 enot s krativcem, nato pa iz Dalmatinovega prevoda Biblije še 48 in iz Megiserjevega slovarja 1592 40. Škrabčev komentar k tem izpisom: "/S/vojega pravila /o rabi akuta in brevisa/ se drži Bohorič primeroma jako natanko in stanovitno. / .../ Popolnoma dosleden Bohorič seveda ni, piše precej pogosto samo e ali a namesto è ali à, večkrat tudiii: sin sna, pijanic, razločik, gladik, požrešin. Zraven kokèr pozna tudi kakèr. / .../ To in ono v njegovi pisavi vtegne biti tiskovna pomota, gravis namesto akuta in nasprotno, npr. Prešèrn nam. prešérèn. " (Škrabec zglede navaja v navadnem črkopisu svojega časa.) Dalje: "Tudi v Dalmatinovi bibliji stoji za b pogostoma à ali è, še večkrat seveda sam a ali e, tudi i." In: "Celo Megiser v svojem Dictionarium quatuor linguarum 1592 rabi v mnogih primerih è in včasih a za b." Škrabec je opozoril še na upoštevanje tega v Hrenovih Evangelijih in listih in tudi v Schönlebnovi 2. izdaji le-teh.
O tzv. pučkoj etimologiji (tj. motivaciji)
Authors: Tekavčić Pavao
Published: December 2018

Na izboru od gotovo 90 primjera ovaj rad ilustrira navedenu jezičnu pojavu, na četiri glavne razine jezične analize (fonetskoj, morfosintaktičkoj, tvorbenoj, seman­ tičkoj) i na temelju kako usmenih tako i pisanih izvora, neobrazovanih, poluobrazo­ vanih i obrazovanih slojeva.
Pleonastic use of verbs of speaking in Greek: an interpretation in terms of naturalness theory
Authors: Kavčič Jerneja
Published: December 2018

This paper investigates a special use of the verbs of speaking in Greek, in which a personal verbal form of a verb of speaking is accompanied by a participle of ano­ ther verb of speaking. The latter is used pleonastically because the clause would be grammatical if the participle were omitted; cf. Chr. J. Mal. 15, 13, 31:'0 8s: Zvwv&.xoucrcx.c; btwµ6crcx.'t'o "Ai::ywv &.yvoc.1v 't'v xcx.'t'a: 'l"A"Aou xcx.ccx.crxw v. 'But when Zeno heard, he swore, saying that he knew nothing about the conspiracy against Illus.' In the first part I present the use of such pleonastic phrases in Greek with a special emphasis on their use in three Early Byzantine prose writings (in the Chronicle of John Mala/as (Chr. J. Mal.), in Pratum Spirituale (Prat. Spir.), and in Vita Theodori Syceotae ( Vita Th. Syc.), all belonging to the 6th/7th century AD). The pleonastic phrases are studied in terms of their inner structure and in terms of their syntactic properties. In the second part of the paper an attempt is made to interpret these properties from the perspective of Naturalness Theory.
Word order variation in Plautus
Authors: Babič Matjaž
Published: December 2018

Unlike some other language phenomena, word order is an unavoidable feature of an utterance. It can be observed in any language as it is always necessary to arrange words (provided the language in question discerns such meaningful entities) in some linear order. It is, however, much more difficult to explain it, since its function can­ not be fully established in advance. Even with fairly numerous indications of its role, it would be quite bold to attempt a comprehensive analysis of word order phenomena even in Plautus, let alone in Latin as a whole.
Towards a natural morphology of compounding
Authors: U. Dressler Wolfgang
Published: December 2018

Although compounding is the part of morphology which is closest to syntax, stu­dies in Natural Morphology and Natural Syntax ,as pioneered by Mayerthaler(1981) and Orešnik(2004) have rather avoided the field of composition.This contribution represents a modest tentative towards remedying this lacuna.
A proposal about the origin of the indo-european locative plural
Authors: Shields Kenneth
Published: December 2018

One of the most significant recent developments in the field of historical lin­ guistics has been the identification of what Fox (1995: 194) calls '"laws' oflanguage development"-a methodology "for determining which changes are more likely than others, and ... criteria for determining the overall direction of linguistic change." This methodology is largely an aspect of what has come to be known as "grammati­ calization theory," which, according to Heine (2003: 575), is really "neither a theory of language nor of language change; its goal is to describe grammaticalization, that is, the way grammatical forms arise and develop through space and time, and to explain why they are structured the way they are." The process of grammaticalization "is hypothesized to be essentially unidirectional" (Heine 2003: 575) and therefore potentially "offers an explanatory account of how and why grammatical categories arise and develop" (Heine 2003: 578). Such explanation serves as "a potentially powerful adjunct to the methods of reconstruction, especially on an internal basis" (Fox 1995: 206), since it leads the historical linguist to principled conclusions about the structural sources of both attested and comparatively reconstructed morpho­ syntactic patterns. In this brief paper I wish to apply one such '"law' of language development" to account for the origin of the traditionally reconstructed Inda-European locative plural suffixes *-si (Gk. -si) and *-su (Skt. -su, OCS -Xb) (cf. Szemerényi 1996: 165). Like Fox (1995: 206), I acknowledge that the application of this methodology can be "speculative and controversial"; however, I offer my proposal as a reasonable possibility for developments within Indo-European
The bear went down the mountain: Sámi language usage then and now
Authors: Weinstock John
Published: December 2018

The bear had a lofty status in ancient myth and legend. This was especially so among circumpolar hunting groups such as the Sámi who venerated the animal. They resorted to a special system of language for communicating in such a manner that the bear did not understand their intentions. Yet, Sámi folktales portray the bear as a large, rather stupid animal easily duped by others such as the fox. In the 19th century the Sámi were under relentless pressure to assimilate in the nation­ states where they dwelt. One way they resisted assimilation was through a two-part communication system whereby messages had one meaning for outsiders but also contained coded information the outsiders could not understand. This essay, focus­ ing on the code talk, attempts to answer the questions as to why and how the bear's stature changed so significantly from the early Arctic hunting culture to its status in Sámi folktales and argues that the manner of talking to bears formed the basis of the more recent Sámi oppositional communication.
The aorist and the perfect of the Old Indian causatives in the light of natural morphosyntax
Authors: Cvetko-Orešnik Varja
Published: December 2018

The Old Indian causative conjugation features a reduplicated aorist and a peri­ phrastic perfect. Within Natural Syntax, an attempt is made at predicting this state of affairs . Morphologically, the causative conjugation, the reduplicated aorist , and the periphrastic perfect are the most complicated structures within the verb system. The rules of alignment valid in Natural Syntax therefore predict the existing pairing of the two tenses within the causative conjugation.
Il linguaggio artistico: il lessico
Authors: Vučetić Zorica
Published: December 2018

Il presente lavoro tratta della terminologia delle arti e in particolare del lessico della pittura, della scultura e dell' architettura. L' articolo discute ed esamina i principali procedimenti formativi dell' italiano contemporaneo, come la suffissazione , la prefissazione e la composizione delle parole, in relazione alla terminologia delle arti. La principale funzione di questi procedimenti formativi è permettere alla lingua di arricchirsi, di coniare nuove unità lessicali; laformazione delle parole e il prestito linguistico sono elementi non trascurabili di arricchimento lessicale.
Prepositional phrases with verba dicendi from Dalmatin's translation of the Bible (1584) in relation to foreign language translations
Authors: Orel Irena
Published: December 2018

In a diachronic perspective from the 16th century to the present, this article inves­ tigates translated interlinguistic agreement and difference in the use of the temporally marked Slovenian prepositional phrases that appeared in the semantic group of verba dicendi in the first two books of the Old Testament and the New Testament of the old­ est Slovenian translation of the Bible, from 1584, and that were replaced in the mod­ em literary language in the 19th century by the introduction of prepositionless or other prepositional patterns. A comparison is made on the basis of Internet publications of parallel sections of six foreign language translations (Latin, German, two English [17th century and modem], French and Russian), and the extent to which these preposition­ al phrases are covered by older or modem literary Slovenian syntactic patterns is deter­ mined .
Combinability with prepositions in Slovene and English: theoretical and contrastive views
Authors: Sicherl Eva , Žele Andreja
Published: December 2018

The present article aims to shed some light on the combinability of verbs, nouns and adjectives with prepositions - a phenomenon which is common both in Slovene and in English, but has not been extensively commented on by Slovene linguists. In Anglo­ American linguistics, such combinations with prepositions are basically divided into two groups , which tend to be named differently by authors of different linguistic "ori­ entations".
K definiciji t.i. generične imenske sintagme
Authors: Topolinjska Zuzanna
Published: December 2018

Prispevek je poskus definicije pojma t.i. generične imenske sintagme. Avtorica ugotavlja, da bi bilo ustrezneje kot o generični sintagmi govoriti o generični uporabi imenske sintagme. Analiza temelji na primerih iz makedonskega knjižnega jezika v potrjevanju kategorialne ka­ rakteristike sintagem, ki so v literaturi ocenjene za generične. Misli se na kategoriji določnosti in števila, tj. na referenčno in količinsko karakteristiko.
Referring and the context of situation in view of the human linguistics approach
Authors: Burazer Lara
Published: December 2018

Based on false philosophical assumptions, language has so far been considered as an entity, a thing which exists on its own and has characteristics of a living being. Language has been said to evolve and languages have been classified as alive or dead. Language has been considered as something you can acquire. The turn of the century witnessed the rise of the first scientifically justified theory of linguistics, the Human Linguistics (Yngve 1996), which does not treat language as an entity of its own, independently of people, but rather basis its research on real-world evidence and shifts the focus of its enquiry to the individual processing the sounds or ink on paper in the relevant context of situation.
Les erreurs des étudiants slovènes dans les productions écrites
Authors: Žugelj Nataša
Published: December 2018

Jusqu'aux anneés 70 du X.Xe siècle, les enseignants avaient tendance à évacuer au maximum l'erreur et àne pas mettre l'élève en situation d'échec. Ainsi, le linguiste Corder (1976) et les béhavioristes défendaient l'idée qu'une bonne méthode doit conduire à un apprentissage sans erreur. Si les erreurs se produisent, c'est que la méthode n'est pas correctement conçue, OU bien que des circonstances particulières liées àl'élève (inattention,  fatigue,  stress...) conduisent à une  performance imparfaite.
Pavao Tekavčić (1931 - 2007)
Authors: Skubic Mitja
Published: December 2018

Il y a seize ans, nous célébrions avec le volume XXXI  de Linguistica  les soixante ans de Pavao Tekavčić. Cette fois, avec ce volume de notre revue – dont il a été le co­ directeur et collaborateur pendant de longues années -, nous avons le triste devoir de faire savoir à tous nos  collègues  que Pavao  Tekavčić  nous  a quittés.
De invoering van IFRS 9 bij Europese banken; Een vervolgstudie
Authors: Huttenhuis Job , ter Hoeven Ralph
Published: December 2018

Banken dienen volgens IAS 8 in hun jaarrekening inzicht te geven in de impact van IFRS 9. Deze standaard dient vanaf 1 januari 2018 toegepast te worden en is derhalve al van toepassing op het moment dat de jaarrekening over 2017 is gepubliceerd. Op basis van een analyse van jaarrekeningen van 49 Europese banken komen we tot de conclusie dat de jaarrekening nog niet bij alle banken inzicht geeft in de kwantitatieve effecten van IFRS 9. Mogelijk wordt dit gedeeltelijk veroorzaakt door de complexiteit van de implementatie van de standaard voor banken. Geen enkele bank heeft namelijk toegelicht volledig gereed te zijn met de implementatie. Tevens past geen enkele bank in onze populatie haar vergelijkende cijfers aan. In alle jaarrekeningen is wel een toelichting op IFRS 9 aanwezig. Ten opzichte van 2016 hebben de banken, in lijn met hetgeen verwacht mag worden, meer concrete informatie verstrekt over de impact van IFRS 9, met name ten aanzien van de kredietvoorzieningen en impact op het bankkapitaal. De verwachte impact van IFRS 9 op de kredietvoorzieningen is ten opzichte van de jaarrekening over 2016 afgenomen als gevolg van de gunstiger economische ontwikkelingen. De (negatieve) impact van IFRS 9 op de kredietvoorzieningen en bankkapitaal van banken uit Spanje, Italië en Ierland is gemiddeld groter dan bij banken uit andere Europese landen. Op basis van beschikbare informatie van 31 banken uit onze populatie, daalt door IFRS 9 de kernkapitaalratio met 75 basispunten voor de banken uit deze zogenaamde PIIGS-landen tegenover een daling van 14 basispunten bij banken in andere landen. Daarbij dient te worden opgemerkt dat de verschillen tussen individuele banken in onze populatie aanzienlijk zijn. Daarentegen lijkt de impact van wijzigingen in classificatie en waardering op het balanstotaal beperkt. Echter weinig banken (29%) hebben dit ook daadwerkelijk kwantitatief toegelicht. Inzake de keuze voor hedge accounting zijn banken het meest concreet, waarbij overwegend de vereisten van IAS 39 toegepast blijven worden. Bij negen banken (18%) heeft de accountant een key audit matter inzake IFRS 9 opgenomen. Accountants hebben de toelichting op IFRS 9 in de jaarrekening 2017 daarmee overwegend niet als key audit matter aangemerkt.
Het jaar 2017 verslagen: onderzoek jaarverslagen
Authors: Vergoossen Ruud G.A.
Published: December 2018

n.a.
Application of a hygroscopicity tandem differential mobility analyzer for characterizing PM emissions in exhaust plumes from an aircraft engine burning conventional and alternative fuels
Authors: Trueblood Max B. , Lobo Prem , Hagen Donald E. , Achterberg Steven C. , Liu Wenyan , Whitefield Philip D.
Published: December 2018

Abstract. In the last several decades, significant efforts have been directed toward
better understanding the gaseous and particulate matter (PM) emissions from
aircraft gas turbine engines. However, limited information is available on
the hygroscopic properties of aircraft engine PM emissions which play an
important role in the water absorption, airborne lifetime, obscuring effect,
and detrimental health effects of these particles. This paper reports the
description and detailed lab-based performance evaluation of a robust
hygroscopicity tandem differential
mobility analyzer (HTDMA) in terms of hygroscopic properties such as growth
factor (GF) and the hygroscopicity parameter (κ). The HTDMA system was
subsequently deployed during the Alternative Aviation Fuel
EXperiment (AAFEX) II field campaign to measure the hygroscopic properties of
aircraft engine PM emissions in the exhaust plumes from a CFM56-2C1 engine
burning several types of fuels. The fuels used were conventional JP-8,
tallow-based hydroprocessed esters and fatty acids (HEFA), Fischer–Tropsch,
a blend of HEFA and JP-8, and Fischer–Tropsch doped with tetrahydrothiophene
(an organosulfur compound). It was observed that GF and κ increased
with fuel sulfur content and engine thrust condition, and decreased with
increasing dry particle diameter. The highest GF and κ values were
found in the smallest particles, typically those with diameters of 10 nm.
The intensification of metallic layered phenomena above
thunderstorms through the modulation of atmospheric tides
Authors: Yu Bingkun , Xue Xianghui , Kuo Chengling , Lu Gaopeng , Dou Xiankang , Gao Qi , Wu Jianfei , Jia Mingjiao , Yu Chao , Qie Xiushu
Published: December 2018

Abstract. We present a multi-instrument experiment to study the effects of tropospheric thunderstorms on the mesopause region and the lower ionosphere. The sodium (Na) lidar observation and the ionospheric observation by two digital ionospheric sounders are used to study the variation of the neutral metal atoms and metallic ions above thunderstorms. The enhanced ionospheric sporadic E layer with a downward tidal phase is observed followed by a subsequent intensification of neutral Na density with an increase of 600 cm−3 in the mesosphere. In addition, the Na neutral chemistry and ion-molecule chemistry reactions are considered in the Na chemistry model to simulate the dynamical and chemical coupling processes in the mesosphere and ionosphere above thunderstorms. The enhanced Na layer in the simulation using the ionospheric observation as input is in agreement with the Na lidar observation. We find that the intensification of metallic layered phenomena above thunderstorms is associated with the atmospheric tides, as a result of the troposphere-mesosphere-ionosphere coupling.
Characterization of urban amine-containing particles in Southwestern China: seasonal variation, source, and processing
Authors: Chen Yang , Tian Mi , Huang Rujin , Shi Guangming , Wang Huanbo , Peng Chao , Cao Junji , Wang Qiyuan , Zhang Shumin , Guo Dongmei , Zhang Leiming , Yang Fumo
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Amine-containing particles were characterized in an urban area of Chongqing during both summer and winter using a single particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SPAMS). Among the collected ambient particles, 12.7 % were amine-containing in winter and 8.3 % in summer. Amines were observed to internally mix with elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), sulfate, and nitrate. Diethylamine (DEA) was the most abundant in both number and peak area among amine-containing particles. Wintertime amine-containing particles were mainly from the northwest direction where a forest park was located; in summer, they were from the northwest and southwest (traffic hub) directions. These origins suggest that vegetation and traffic were the primary sources of particulate amines. The average relative peak area of DEA depended strongly on humidity, indicating that the enhancement of DEA was possibly due to increasing aerosol water content and aerosol acidity. Using an adaptive resonance theory neural network (ART-2a) algorithm, four major types of amine-containing particles were clustered including amine-organic-carbon (A-OC), A-OCEC, DEA-OC, and A-OCEC-aged. The identified particle types imply that amine was uptaken by particles produced from traffic and biomass burning. Knowledge gained in this study is helpful to understand the atmospheric processing, origin, and sources of amine-containing particles in the urban area of Chongqing.
Transport of aerosols over the French Riviera – Link between ground-
based lidar and spaceborne observations
Authors: Chazette Patrick , Totems Julien , Shang Xiaoxia
Published: December 2018

Abstract. For the first time, a backscatter N2-Raman lidar has been deployed on the western part of the French Riviera to investigate the vertical aerosol structure in the troposphere. This lidar system, based at the AERONET site of Toulon-La Garde, performed continuous measurements from 24 June to 17 July 2014, within the framework of the multidisciplinary programme Mediterranean Integrated Studies at the Regional and Local Scales (MISTRALS). By coupling these observations with those of the spaceborne instruments Cloud-Aerosol LIdar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP), Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed Imager (SEVIRI) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometers (MODIS), the spatial extents of the aerosol structures are investigated. The origins of the aerosol plumes are determined using back trajectories computed by the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT). This synergy allowed to highlight plumes of particulate pollutants moving in the low and medium free troposphere (up to ~ 5 km above the mean sea level) towards the French Riviera. This pollution originates from the Spanish coast, and more particularly from Costa Blanca (including Murcia) and Costa Brava/Costa Daurada (including Barcelona). It is mainly due to traffic, but also to petrochemical activities in these two regions. Desert aerosol plumes were also sampled by the lidar. The sources of desert aerosols have been identified as the Grand Erg Occidental and Grand Erg Oriental. During desert dust events, we highlight significant differences in the optical characteristics, in terms of backscatter to extinction ratio (BER, inverse of the lidar ratio), between the planetary boundary layer, with 0.024 sr−1 (~ 42 sr), and the free troposphere, with 0.031 sr−1 (~ 32 sr). These differences are greatly reduced in the case of pollution aerosol plumes transport in the free troposphere (i.e. 0.021 and 0.025 sr−1). Transported pollution aerosols appear as having similar BER to what is emitted locally. Moreover, using the correlation matrix between lidar aerosol extinction profiles as a function of altitude, we find that during transport events in the low free troposphere, aerosols may be transferred into the planetary boundary layer. We note also that the relative humidity, which is generally higher in the planetary boundary layer (> 80 %), is found to have no significant effect on the BER.
The number of past and future regenerations of iron in the oceanand its intrinsic fertilization efficiency
Authors: Pasquier Benoît , Holzer Mark
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Iron fertilization is explored by tracking dissolved iron (DFe) through its
life cycle from injection by aeolian, sedimentary, and hydrothermal sources
(birth) to burial in the sediments (death). We develop new diagnostic
equations that count iron and phosphate regenerations with each passage
through the biological pump and partition the ocean's DFe concentration
according to the number of its past or future regenerations. We apply these diagnostics to a family of
data-constrained estimates of the iron cycle with sources
σtot in the range 1.9–41 Gmol yr−1. We find
that for states with σtot > 7 Gmol yr−1,
50 % or more of the DFe inventory has not been regenerated in the
past and 85 % or more will not be regenerated in the future. The
globally averaged mean number of
past or future regenerations
scales with the bulk iron lifetime
τ∼σtot-1 and has a range of 0.05–2.2 for
past and 0.01–1.4 for future regenerations.
Memory of birth location fades rapidly with each regeneration, and DFe
regenerated more than approximately five times is found in a pattern shaped
by Southern Ocean nutrient trapping. We quantify the intrinsic fertilization
efficiency of the unperturbed system at any point r in the ocean as
the global export production resulting from the DFe at r per iron
molecule. We show that this efficiency is closely related to the mean number
of future regenerations that the iron will experience. At the surface, the
intrinsic fertilization efficiency has a global mean in the range
0.7–7 mol P (mmol Fe)−1 across our family of state
estimates and is largest in the central tropical Pacific, with the Southern
Ocean having comparable importance only for high-iron-source scenarios.
Maximum power of saline and fresh water mixing in estuaries
Authors: Zhang Zhilin , Savenije Hubert
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Natural systems evolve towards a state of maximum power (Kleidon, 2016), leading to higher levels of entropy production by different mechanisms, including the gravitational circulation in alluvial estuaries. Gravitational circulation is driven by the potential energy of the fresh water. Due to the density difference between seawater and riverwater, the water level on the river side is higher. The hydrostatic forces on both sides are equal, but have different working lines. This triggers an (accelerating) angular moment, providing rotational kinetic energy into the system, part of which drives mixing by gravitational circulation mixing; the remainder is transferred into dissipated energy by friction while mixing. With a constant discharge over a tidal cycle, the density-driven gravitational circulation in the estuarine system performs work at maximum power, lifting up saline water and bringing down fresh water against gravity. The rotational flow causes the spread of salinity, which is mathematically represented by the dispersion coefficient. Accordingly, a new equation for the dispersion coefficient due to the density-driven mechanism has been derived. Together with the steady state advection-dispersion equation, this resulted in a new analytical model for gravitational salinity intrusion. The simulated longitudinal salinity profiles have been confronted with observations in a myriad of estuaries worldwide. It shows that the performance is promising in eighteen out of twenty-three estuaries, with relatively large convergence length. Finally, a predictive equation is presented for the dispersion coefficient at the boundary. Overall, the maximum power concept has provided an alternative for describing the dispersion coefficient due to gravitational circulation in alluvial estuaries.
Continuous observation of
Stable Isotopes
of
Water Vapor in Atmosphere Using High-Resolution FTIR
Authors: Shan Chang-Gong , Wang Wei , Liu Cheng , Sun You-Wen , Tian Yuan , Morino Isamu
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Observations of stable isotopes of water vapor provide important information for water cycle. The volume mixing ratios (VMR) of H2O (XH2O) and HDO (XHDO) have been retrieved based on a high-resolution ground-based Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) at Hefei site, and the isotopic composition δD was calculated. Time series of XH2O were compared with the Greenhouse gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) data, showing a good agreement. The daily averaged δD ranges from −17.02 ‰ to −282.3 ‰ between September 2015 and September 2016. Also, the relationships of meteorological parameters with stable isotopologue were analyzed. δD values showed an obvious positive correlation with temperature and ln(XH2O) and a weak correlation with relative humidity. Further, 51.35 % of airmass at Hefei site comes from the southeast of China, and the main potential sources of δD are in the east of China over the observation period based on the back trajectories model. Furthermore, the δD values of evapotranspiration were calculated based on Keeling plot. Observations of the stable isotopes of water vapor by high-resolution ground-based FTIR provide information on study of the variation of the atmospheric water vapor at Hefei site.
A multilayer approach and its application to model a local gravimetric quasi-geoid model over the North Sea: QGNSea V1.0
Authors: Wu Yihao , Luo Zhicai , Zhong Bo , Xu Chuang
Published: December 2018

Abstract. A multilayer approach is set up for local gravity field recovery
within the framework of multi-resolution representation, where the gravity
field is parameterized as the superposition of multiple layers of Poisson
wavelets located at different depths beneath the Earth's surface. The layers
are designed to recover gravity signals at different scales, where the
shallow and deep layers mainly capture the short- and long-wavelength
signals, respectively. The depths of these layers are linked to the locations
of different anomaly sources beneath the Earth's surface, which are estimated
by wavelet decomposition and power spectrum analysis. For testing the
performance of this approach, a gravimetric quasi-geoid model over the North
Sea, QGNSea V1.0, is modeled and validated against independent control data.
The results show that the multilayer approach fits the gravity data better
than the traditional single-layer approach, particularly in regions with
topographical variation. An Akaike information criterion (AIC) test shows
that the multilayer model obtains a smaller AIC value and achieves a better
balance between the goodness of fit of data and the simplicity of the model.
Further, an evaluation using independent GPS/leveling data tests the ability
of regional models computed from different approaches towards realistic
extrapolation, which shows that the accuracies of the QGNSea V1.0 derived
from the multilayer approach are better by 0.4, 0.9, and 1.1 cm in the
Netherlands, Belgium, and parts of Germany, respectively, than that using the
single-layer approach. Further validation with existing models shows that
QGNSea V1.0 is superior with respect to performance and may be beneficial for
studying ocean circulation between the North Sea and its neighboring waters.
An assessment of trends and potential future changes in groundwater-baseflow drought based on catchment response times
Authors: Hellwig Jost , Stahl Kerstin
Published: December 2018

Abstract. Drought is an important natural hazard with large impacts
on society. Changes in drought characteristics have been studied for
different parts of the hydrological cycle, but insights into changes of
groundwater resources are obscured due to the lack of long-term observations
and large heterogeneity of hydrogeological conditions. Moreover, predicted
future changes in precipitation are uncertain and have a lagged effect on
streamflow and groundwater. We investigated past changes and potential
future changes in catchment baseflow as a reflection of groundwater drought
for 338 headwater catchments across Germany based on catchments'
characteristic response times. First, baseflow dynamics as a proxy of
groundwater storage and outflow on a catchment scale were derived from
streamflow records and related to precipitation input. Second, past trends
in baseflow minima were calculated and attributed to climate and catchment
controls. Last, response times and the timing of yearly baseflow minima were
combined into estimates of the sensitivity to future precipitation changes.
Baseflow response times of the studied headwaters are heterogenous across
Germany, ranging from a few months to several years, and depend significantly
on hydrogeological conditions. Few significant trends were found in past
baseflow minima, and trends are highly dependent on the period of analysis.
Based on the assumption of a typical regional scenario of increasing winter
precipitation and decreasing summer precipitation, increases in hydrological
drought hazard or no changes are projected for most parts of Germany.
Catchments with longer response times can buffer interannual precipitation
shifts, whereas catchments with fractured rocks are sensitive to summer
precipitation decreases. These results urge for a surface water and groundwater
management based on local groundwater response to precipitation and help to
assess impacts of climate change on overall water supply.
Coleções, traduções e intelectuais: Oliveira Vianna e o intercâmbio cultural entre escritores brasileiros e argentinos nas décadas de 1930 E 1940
Authors: Coelho Leonardo Seabra
Published: December 2018

Esse artigo discutirá a organização de parte da “sociedade de indivíduos” reunida em torno da ABL nas décadas de 1930 e 1940 e o intercâmbio cultural entre escritores brasileiros e argentinos nesses anos. Para analisar esse intercâmbio, lançaremos mão da versão em espanhol do livro Evolução do povo brasileiro, de Oliveira Vianna, publicada pelo governo argentino em 1937. Também discutiremos as nuances da criação da “Coleção Brasileira de Autores Argentinos” e da “Biblioteca de Autores Brasileños” e como essas coleções possibilitaram a aproximação entre intelectuais dos dois países. Nesse sentido, apresentaremos ao leitor como se estabeleceram as tentativas de aproximações entre escritores brasileiros ligados à ABL – especificamente Oliveira Vianna – e parte da intelectualidade argentina; daí nossa tentativa de mapear parte da “sociedade de indivíduos” que compôs o campo literário desses dois países.
Silva Freire e a poética das palavras-matrizes: ressonâncias do Poema//Processo
Authors: Pereira Vinicius Carvalho
Published: December 2018

Silva Freire assistiu ao desenvolvimento de vanguardas poéticas dos anos 60 e 70: o Concretismo, o Intensivismo e o Poema//Processo. Embora não tenha se vinculado ortodoxamente a nenhuma delas, sua obra se apropria de alguns experimentalismos formais desses movimentos. Há, por exemplo, bastantes estudos demonstrando como pressupostos estéticos do Concretismo e do Intensivismo encontram ressonância na escrita freireana, sobretudo na construção em “blocos poemáticos”. Pouco se disse, porém, sobre como as vanguardas impactaram outro expediente retórico usado pelo poeta: as “palavras-matrizes”. Considerando tal lacuna, o presente artigo analisa em que medida as palavras-matrizes freireanas se articulam às postulações do Poema//Processo.
A rejeição da estética na teoria formalista de Boris Eikhenbaum
Authors: Kempinska Olga
Published: December 2018

Tomando como ponto de partida a rejeição definitiva da estética no texto “A Teoria do ‘Método Formal’” (1925), de Boris Eikhenbaum, o artigo discute o processo e os motivos políticos desse gesto negativo. A importância da estética, sobretudo de cunho alemão, na reflexão anterior de Eikhenbaum, relacionada antes de mais nada a sua recepção, em 1917, da teoria do trágico e do sublime de Friedrich Schiller, é, de fato, inegável. Depois dessa recepção positiva, pode-se observar, no entanto, uma rápida ascensão de uma interpretação cada vez mais negativa, que culmina na rejeição da estética em meados dos anos 20.
Crianças com síndrome de Down: referenciação e multimodalidade em contexto lúdico
Authors: Ávila-Nóbrega Paulo Vinícius , Cavalcante Marianne Carvalho Bezerra
Published: December 2018

Nosso intuito é apresentar o uso da referenciação multimodal (ÁVILA-NÓBREGA, 2017) de duas crianças com Síndrome de Down, no engajamento conjunto em contextos lúdicos. Acerca da SD, postulados de Pueschel (2002) serão apresentados. Sobre referenciação, mencionamos as relações da reiteração e da associação. Para tratar do que concebemos por multimodalidade, tomamos por base estudos de McNeill (1985) e, sobre engajamento conjunto, nos pautamos em estudos de Tomasello (2003). Nossa coleta de dados ocorreu na Clínica de Fonoaudiologia da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, e os vídeos contendo os dados coletados na clínica têm uma média de 30 minutos de duração.
A memory-based explanation of antecedent-ellipsis mismatches: New insights from computational modeling
Authors: Parker Dan
Published: December 2018

An active question in psycholinguistics is whether or not the parser and grammar reflect distinct cognitive systems. Recent evidence for a distinct-systems view comes from cases of ungrammatical but acceptable antecedent-ellipsis mismatches (e.g., *Tom kicked Bill, and Matt was kicked by Tom too.). The finding that these mismatches show varying degrees of acceptability has been presented as evidence for the use of extra-grammatical parsing strategies that restructure a mismatched antecedent to satisfy the syntactic constraints on ellipsis (Arregui et al. 2006; Kim et al. 2011). In this paper, I argue that it is unnecessary to posit a special class of parser-specific rules to capture the observed profiles, and that acceptable mismatches do not reflect a parser-grammar misalignment. Rather, such effects are a natural consequence of a single structure-building system (i.e., the grammar) that relies on noisy, domain-general memory access mechanisms to retrieve an antecedent from memory. In Experiment 1, I confirm the acceptability profiles reported in previous work. Then in Experiment 2, as proof-of-concept, I show using an established computational model of memory retrieval that the observed acceptability profiles follow from independently motivated principles of working memory, without invoking multiple representational systems. These results contribute to a uniform memory-based account of acceptable ungrammaticalities for a wide range of dependencies.
National assessment of throughfall sensitivity to changes in storm magnitude for the forests of Iran
Authors: Attarod Pedram , Tang Qiuhong , Van Stan II John , Liu Xingcai
Published: December 2018

Aim of study: To understand throughfall (TF) sensitivity to variability in rainfall amount (Pg) for typical forest sites across the main climate types of Iran.Area of study: Nine forest stands of several common native and introduced tree species situated in all common Iranian climate types, but located primarily in northern Iran.Material and methods: A nondimensional relative sensitivity coefficient was employed to predict responses of TF to Pg changes. Projected Pg changes over the measurement sites for the period 2020-50 were estimated using one of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) known as HadGEM2-ES under low and high emission scenarios (RCP 2.6 and 8.5).Main results: TF displayed strong positive linear relationships with Pg at all sites [TF=0.66 Pg -0.16; R2=0.91]. The sensitivity coefficient ranged from 0.96-2.35 across the nine forest sites and large sensitivity coefficientdifferences were found between small (< mean annual Pg) and large (> mean annual Pg) storms for arid and Mediterranean plantations. Shifts in Pg and increased small storm frequency are predicted for these regions (2020-50) under low and high emission scenarios.Research highlights: TF sensitivity may be a useful variable when selecting tree species for afforestation to buffer expected shifts in Pg due to climate change.Keywords: climate change; forest ecosystems; precipitation projection; throughfall sensitivity.
M-Learning in an Undergraduate Business Program: Recruitment Promises, Student Perceptions, and Mixed Realities
Authors: Wardley Leslie J , Carter Lorraine , D'Antonio Gina
Published: December 2018

The purpose of the study described in this paper was to explore student views (n=136) on the use of Apple iPad technology within various in-class courses offered by a School of Business at a small Ontario university as well as the overall effectiveness of a recruitment message focused on mobile learning. The results of the study are as follows: 1) over half of the students had not heard about the offer of a “free” iPad before they had enrolled at the University; 2) students expressed positive and negative views regarding the use of iPads in their face to face classes (e.g., the iPads were helpful in enhancing learning; the iPads were time consuming to use and distracting in the classroom; other devices work better in the classroom); and 3) differences that existed between students’ in-class and everyday use of their iPads could be connected to their frustrations with the steep learning curve experienced by faculty. Key word descriptors: millennials, tablet technology, mobile technology, digital technology, learning transferability, higher education, iPad
Examination of Stress States and Lifestyle Habits of Academic and Administrative Personnel Holding Office at Universities
Authors: Var Levent , Dinc Ahmet
Published: December 2018

The purpose of this research is to examine the relation between the stresses and some lifestyle habits of academic and administrative personnel holding office at Ahi Evran University. 368 personnel in total as being 252 academic and 116 administrative personnel working holding office at Ahi Evran University had participated in this study. In the study, “Health - Exercise and Physical Activity Consciousness Level” questionnaire, developed by Dolasır Tuncel and Tuncel (2009), had been used as data collection tool. SPSS 22,0 packaged software had been used in the statistical analysis of data obtained, and the results had been evaluated at significance level of p<0,05. As the result of the research, by the comparison of states of regular exercise and being stressful among the academic and administrative personnel, significance had been determined at a level of .000 (p<0.001) for regular exercise, and of .021 (p<0.05) for being stressful. Moreover, when the relation among frequent tension, stressful workplace environment, alcohol consumption, regular exercise and smoking of academic and administrative personnel, a relation at high level in positive direction had been determined between frequent tension and stressful workplace environment (r=,723, p<0.001), a relation at very low level in positive direction had been determined between frequent tension and alcohol consumption (r=,124, p<0.001), and a relation at low level in positive direction had been determined between smoking and alcohol consumption (r=,422, p<0.001). Thus, it is being observed that the stress states of academic and administrative personnel holding office at Ahi Evran University are being affected depending on the workplace environment, and that the alcohol consumption of the personnel is increasing as the cigarette consumption increases.
TRIBOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SELECTED MATERIAL PAIRS INTERACTING IN AIR AND VACUUM
Authors: PIEKOSZEWSKI Witold , SZCZEREK Marian , SNARSKI-ADAMSKI Andrzej
Published: December 2018

The study examined the tribological characteristics of a ball-on-disc type sliding friction joint operating in air and in a vacuum under conditions of technically dry friction. The test elements included discs made of 100Cr6 steel without coating, with an anti-wear TiN coating, and a low-friction MoS2/Ti coating, and bearing balls made of 100Cr6 steel and Al2O3 as counter-samples. The tribological properties of the studied friction joint were evaluated based on changes in the coefficient of friction, the intensity of linear wear, the ball wear diameter, and the appearance of worn surfaces. The environment of the friction joint was found to have a significant effect on the tribological characteristics of the studied friction pairs.
FRETTING CORROSION STUDIES OF MATERIALS USED FOR ELEMENTS OF HIP JOINT ENDOPROSTHESES
Authors: WIELOWIEJSKA-GIERTUGA Agnieszka , WIŚNIEWSKI Tomasz , RUBACH Rafał
Published: December 2018

The operational durability of a hip endoprosthesis depends, among others, on the intensity of the damage processes of kinematic junction elements caused by fretting corrosion processes. In the article, the results of comparative studies on the fretting corrosion resistance of alloys commonly used for hip joints, i.e. Ti6Al4V, CoCrMo, stainless steel M30NW, and 316LVM, are presented. The research was carried out by means of a tribological pin-on-disc tester working in reciprocating motion, integrated with a potentiostat equipped with a triac electrode. The tribosystem was a pin pressed by a constant force to a reciprocating disc with a certain amplitude and frequency. The tests were carried out in a medium of aqueous bovine serum heated to 37°C. The conducted comparative tests of the above mentioned materials will allow selection of the best material combination in terms of tribological and fretting corrosion resistance. Under optimized conditions, the modified oils obtained a needed appropriate viscosity class.
Raw versus Processed EEG: Which One is Better?
Authors: Husain Aatif M.
Published: December 2018

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Are Women of Childbearing Age Still Receiving Valproate?
Authors: Birnbaum Angela K.
Published: December 2018

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The Latest on Lasers: Improving the Outcome of MRg-LITT Amygdalohippocampotomy
Authors: Gross Robert
Published: December 2018

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“Can you Hear Me Now?” AMPA Receptor-Mediated Tonotopy Disruption by Early Life Seizures
Authors: Velíšek Libor
Published: December 2018

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Jumping to Conclusions about Focal Seizure Spread
Authors: Weston Matthew
Published: December 2018

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Pannexin1 as a Possible Panacea for Intractable Epilepsy
Authors: Lyman Kyle A. , Chetkovich Dane M.
Published: December 2018

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Sexting and mental health: A study of Indian and Australian young adults
Authors: Klettke Bianca , Mellor David , Silva-Myles Lucas , Clancy Elizabeth , Sharma Manoj Kumar
Published: December 2018

The objective of this study was to examine engagement in sexting by young adults in India and Australia, and depression, anxiety and stress as risk factors for sending sexts. A total of 298 young Australian adults (Mage = 19.98 years, 75.50% female) and 300 young Indian adults (Mage = 18.08 years, 56.33% female) completed a survey (online and hardcopy) assessing sending and receiving of sexts, and mental health. Australian males were more likely to have sent sexts than Indian males, whilst Australian females were more likely to have both sent and received sexts than Indian females. Indian males were more likely than Indian females to have sent and received sext messages. Higher levels of stress were associated with sending sexts for participants overall, and for Indian respondents, but not Australians when analysed separately. For males overall, higher levels of stress and lower levels of depression were associated with sending sexts, whilst for females, there were no associations with mental health variables, but higher age was associated with sending sexts. Sexting behaviours may be associated with cultural values and vary by gender in more traditional contexts. Further investigation into associations between psychological distress and the probability of sending a sext are warranted.