ANTIOXIDANT EFFECTIVENESS OF THE PROPHYLACTIC COMPLEX WITH QUERCETIN IN OVARIECTOMIZED RATS
Authors: Sidletskyi O. S. , Makarenko O. A. 
Published: February 2024

Introduction. Premature ovarian failure is characterized by the onset of menopause before age 40 and is accompanied by a decrease in estrogen levels in the body. This condition has a negative impact on almost all physiological systems of the body. Recently, there has been an increase in the number of patients with this pathology, which is associated with the spread of medical intervention in the reproductive sphere, environmental pollution, and stress.
Aim. The purpose of this study was to experimentally clarify the state of such indicators of the antioxidant-prooxidant system as catalase, malondialdehyde, antioxidant-prooxidant index in blood serum, mucous membranes of the digestive tract, liver and alveolar process of the lower jaw of female rats after surgical menopause (ovariectomy) in in combination with a diet deficient in calcium and protein composition, as well as establishing the antioxidant efficiency of a complex based on quercetin, vitamins and macro and microelements.
Methods. The research was conducted on 24 female Wistar rats aged 2.5 months, which were divided into 3 groups (8 in each): 1 – intact animals; 2 – animals in which surgical menopause was modeled by ovariectomy and kept on a diet with inferior composition; 3 – animals that, against the background of ovariectomy, were prophylactically administered a complex of quercetin, vitamins, macro- and microelements at a dose of 500 mg/kg. After 4 months, the animals were removed from the experiment. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content, catalase activity, and antioxidant-prooxidant index (API) were determined in blood serum, homogenates of mucous membranes of the digestive tract, liver, and alveolar process.
Results. The analysis of the data obtained by us showed that in the group of rats with which the pathology was modeled, there was a drop in the activity of the catalase enzyme in the mucous membranes of the digestive tract and liver from 5.61% to 38.49%, an increase in the MDA content from 25.78% to 50.00% and a decrease in the API index from 25.08 to 56.24% relative to the indicators of the group of intact rats with a high level of reliability (p < 0.05–0.001). The content of MDA in the blood serum increased by 31,91%, and in the bone tissue of the jaws – by 23,28%, API was lower in the blood by 16,45% and by 10,39% in the bone tissue (p < 0,05–0,001). The obtained data allow us to assert about the increased formation of reactive oxygen species and inhibition of their inactivation processes. It should be noted that the activity of catalase in the blood serum and alveolar process of the jaws of animals with pathology, on the contrary, increased by 10.19% and 10.78%, respectively, which indicates compensatory antioxidant capabilities in these tissues.
When using the biologically active complex, there was an increase in catalase activity in the mucous membranes of the digestive tract by 5,63–40,8%, a decrease in the activity of MDA by 17.84–23.03%, and an increase in the API index by 27,93–80,84% (p<0,05–0,001). In the bone tissue of the jaws of animals under the influence of the complex, the activity of catalase increased by 7,52%, and API – by 33,3%, while the content of MDA decreased by 19,43%. In the blood of animals with pathology, the complex of drugs contributed to a decrease in the MDA level by 17,38%, an increase in the activity of catalase by 6,16% and the API index by 28,44%. Based on the above, it can be stated that the complex developed by us has a powerful antioxidant effect in conditions of estrogen, dietary protein and calcium deficiency in female rats.
Conclusions. Menopause of surgical genesis in combination with nutritional deficiency of protein and calcium contributed to suppression of antioxidant protection against the background of activation of pro-oxidant processes. The use of a biologically active complex with quercetin, vitamins, calcium citrate, macro- and microelements increased the activity of the antioxidant defense system directed against free radical processes.