bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A novel and distributed three phase consensus based secured data sharing in internet of things environment
Authors: H. Chamarajappa Rashmi , C. Dyamanna Guruprakash
Published: June 2023

The most essential part of any internet of things (IoT) model is the wireless sensor networks (WSN); latest technologies are combined with the applications of WSN results in fast, efficient, flexible as well as economical models. These networks are highly prone to attacks considering their characteristic nature, which includes self-organization, a topology that is dynamic, large-scale and constrained on the resources. Various models have been proposed for the detection of attacks in these wireless sensor networks. This research work proposes three-phase consensus based secured data sharing (TCSDS) in IoT environment. TCSDS adopts the consensus-based protocol for designing the security model in this research. Furthermore, TCSDS comprises three distinctive phases, each phase consisting of novel algorithm. First phase includes the setting up threshold value for sensor nodes. Second phase includes the efficient data packet transmission and third phase includes the efficient and secure routing, which tends to discard the unsecured nodes. TCSDS is evaluated considering the different parameter like energy consumption, malicious packet detection and throughput. Further comparison with the existing model is carried out based on the classified and misclassified packet; through the comparative analysis, it is observed that the TCSDS approach simply outperforms the existing model.
Design and measurement of the receiving antenna for electromagnetic field energy harvesting in UHF band
Authors: Rinanda Saputri Fahmy , Sunarno Sunarno , Hawibowo Singgih
Published: June 2023

This paper aims to design a receiving antenna for harvesting energy using the wireless energy transfer method based on the ultra-high frequency (UHF) band. The study was conducted by comparing four types of the receiving antenna design. A mathematical and experimental analysis has been done to evaluate the performance of the designed antennas. A Yagi-Uda antenna is utilized as the transmitter. The results show that the zig-zag type antenna has the best performance. It can receive electromagnetic energy from a transmitter with maximum efficiency is 0.1% for the receiving antenna volume of 0.34 cm3. The proposed method can meet the energy necessity of an implant device with a charging time of approximately 21.61 hours for the 700 mAh rechargeable battery capacity. As our preliminary conclusion, based on our results, this proposed method can be used as a reference for the practice in the WET field and the medical and restricted areas in the electromagnetic energy harvesting case.
Implementing a novel fault prognosis technique based on nonlinear fault observer and online parameters estimation
Authors: Hussain AlBayati Ahmad
Published: June 2023

This research presents a methodology for predicting errors of parameters, as the algorithm tries to monitor the parameters in order to maintain or replace them when needed to avoid excessive expenses. The presented implementation mechanism is based on monitoring parameters according to a specific number of batches and each batch consists of a number of iterations, which in turn are a number of samples. The proposed algorithm involves designing a new nonlinear observer and writing a secondary algorithm for parameter estimation based on the online nonlinear recursive least squares algorithm associated with the observer states. In addition, the algorithm presents an attempt to find a relationship between the error states and the state of the parameters by creating a new function to determine the weight of the error according to four components; parameter changes, output residuals, output errors and the error diagnosed by the new observer. The algorithm also includes introducing the probability form of the weights using the kernel density function for the average and maximum weights for each batch. Finally, relying on the results, it is possible to take the appropriate decision to maintain or change the parameters as shown a non-linear direct current motor model case study.
Rectangular and radial region of interests on the edge of cylindrical phantom for spatial resolution measurement
Authors: Anam Choirul , Ainurrofik Nazil , Sutanto Heri , Naufal Ariij , Haekal Mohammad
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of rectangular region of interest (ROI) size on modulation transfer function (MTF), to develop the radial ROI, and to compare both ROIs performances for MTF measurement using a cylindrical polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) phantom. The PMMA phantom used in this study was rotated 45°. Four rectangular ROIs and a radial ROI were created to measure the MTF value. The rectangular ROI sizes were 3×41, 21×41, 41×41, and 61×41 pixels; each was placed at upper phantom edge. The radial ROI’s length was 41 pixels and placed at several points in phantom edge. The MTF calculation was automatically conducted using MATLAB. The MTFs from rectangular ROIs and radial ROI were then compared. The comparison of the MTF measurement was also conducted using three different filters. The MTF which used radial ROI was smoother than those of rectangular ROI for all filters. This indicated that radial ROI was more resistant to noise than rectangular ROI. Rectangular ROI with the 41×41 pixels had similar 50% and 10% MTF values with the radial ROI. The MTF value which was obtained using radial ROI is more accurate and robust than those obtained using rectangular ROI.
Human activity monitoring system with commodity WiFi infrastructure using channel state information
Authors: Boudlal Hicham , Serrhini Mohammed , Tahiri Ahmed
Published: June 2023

Human activity detection is a research field that has been growing rapidly for the last few decades. It opens a wide field of applications in the fields of healthcare, smart homes, robotics, human-media interaction, surveillance and security. WiFi-based solutions have received a lot of attention lately. These are based on the idea that nearby wireless signals are affected by human bodies. Reflections are produced by the presence of static objects like walls and furniture, while additional propagation paths are produced by the presence of dynamic objects such humans. This paper proposes using WiFi for a low-cost, device-free human activity monitoring system, as it is readily available in the office and home these days. It is also ubiquitous in nature as it collects information about the environment while providing Internet. The idea behind this approach is to acquire and model changes in multipath WiFi radio waves due to human movement. Experimental validation in practical situations with varying occupants, different environmental conditions, and interference from WiFi devices is used to demonstrate robustness and scalability.
Assessment of control and monitoring system design security using the attack security tree analysis method
Authors: Qahtan Alsudani Mustafa , Fayez Yousif Israa , Nooruldeen Alsafi Ahmed , Falah Fakhruldeen Hassan
Published: June 2023

Because of the efficiency of the system and the fact that it successfully completed the tasks that were given to it under specific conditions, we are compelled to look for a way to measure these requirements according to the conditions and guidelines that were established by the people who make use of the system. Conduct an investigation into the many techniques that are available for use in analysis in light of the following conditions: i) sufficient time to detect the mistake, ii) time to maintenance, iii) the total number of constituents involved in the analytical process, and iv) an explanation of the level of complexity provided to the user. In this article, we will provide a concise overview of a number of different approaches, along with our recommendations for the most effective ones based on the issues raised earlier.
An Arduino-based voice-recognition elevator for special purposes
Authors: Fakhruldeen Hassan Falah , Alaa Meri Azal , Hameed Sa'id Ali , Naeem Makttoof Alaa , Awad Kadhim Musafer , Abdul-Jaleel Al-Asady Heba
Published: June 2023

This paper presents the design and implementation of five floors electrical elevator system that utilizes voice recognition technology, specifically using an Arduino microcontroller, for special applications. The purpose of this project is to provide a convenient and accessible means of transportation for individuals with disabilities, specifically those who may have difficulty using traditional elevators due to physical limitations or mobility issues. The system consists of an Arduino microcontroller, a voice recognition module, a motor driver, and an elevator car with a lift mechanism. The microcontroller receives voice commands from the user and processes them to determine the desired floor. The motor driver then activates the lift mechanism to move the car to the desired floor. The system was tested and found to be reliable and efficient in transporting individuals to their desired floor. It has the potential to greatly improve the accessibility and convenience of buildings for individuals with disabilities.
Data mining technique for grouping products using clustering based on association
Authors: Mandala Eka Praja Wiyata , Putri Dewi Eka
Published: June 2023

There is high competition between these minimarkets so many products sold in each minimarket are not sold until they expire. The aim of this study is to help retail managers cluster products in minimarkets. The data obtained will be processed using the hybrid data mining approach by combining two methods in data mining. In the first section, association uses the FP-Growth algorithm, and in the second section, clustering uses the K-means algorithm. From the experimental results, it can be seen that the proposed approach can minimize the number of products to be grouped. After the association process is carried out, from 29 products in 12 transactions, 6 products can be obtained that has a frequency above the minimum support and minimum confidence. After the clustering process, 6 products are grouped into 2 clusters, so that 1 product is included in the most interested product cluster and 5 products are included in the interested product cluster. We minimize data processing so that retail managers can process data directly from sales transaction data on the cashier's computer and can quickly get the results of product grouping.
Learning color names using least-squares probabilistic classifiers
Authors: Sainui Janya , Srivisal Chouvanee
Published: June 2023

Color name is one of the important features for computer vision. Many existing methods proposed to classify colors into a small number of color names. In this paper, we propose an alternative method with the goal to improve the accuracy for assigning a color name to an object in the given image. We here use the least-squares probabilistic classifiers (LSPC) with the local scaling parameters for solving this task. The benefit of the LSPC is that its solution can be computed analytically so that the obtained solution is global optimum, while the local scaling parameters play an important role to deal with the data including clusters with different local statistics as appeared in the real-world data. To deal with this task, the LSPC is learned to assign a color name to each pixel with the highest of the class-posterior density distribution. Then, the estimations of the class-posterior density distributions are utilized to compute the scores for predicting a color name to the given object. Lastly, the color name with the highest score is chosen as a predicted color name for that object. The experimental results on the eBay data set show the improvements over previously proposed
methods.
Grouping of Twitter users according to contents of their tweets
Authors: Naznin Farha , Kakoti Mahanta Anjana
Published: June 2023

In today’s world most of the people use social networking sites such as Twitter. They share their opinions and their views. through these media. Grouping these users will help us in different ways such as product recommendation, opinion mining, characterization of users based on their way of expressing their feelings. In this work, we present a technique to group the users based on the textual contents of the tweets. This technique is based on an unsupervised approach of machine learning that is clustering. A method is presented for representing the users using vector space model and TF-IDF weight scheme. K-means algorithm is employed for grouping the users using cosine distance as a distance measure. For the evaluation of this method, we construct a Twitter user dataset by using the Twitter application programming interface (API). A new technique is also proposed for characterization of the clusters formed. The experimental results are promising and from the study, it is found that the users in the clusters formed could be well defined by using the proposed cluster characterization technique.
An adaptive combination algorithm based on deep learning and genetic algorithm for anomalous events detection
Authors: Abbas Zainab K. , Al-Ani Ayad A.
Published: June 2023

One of the most widely used human behavior detection methods is anomaly detection, which this article covers. Ensuring a person's safety is a crucial task in every community today due to the ever-increasing actions that can be dangerous, from planned crime to harm from an accident. Classic closed-circuit television is insufficient since a person must always be awake and available to monitor the cameras, which is costly. Also, someone's attention tends to decrease after a certain period of time. Due to these reasons, a surveillance system that is automated and able to detect unusual activities in real-time and give sufferers prompt aid is necessary. It should be noted that the identification process must be completed swiftly and correctly. In this paper, we employ a model based on mixes the machine learning (ML) model, namely genetic algorithms with deep learning (DL). In this study's experimentation, the UCF-Crime dataset was employed. The detection accuracy on the testing sample dataset was equal to 89.90%, while the area under the curve (AUC) was equal to 94.58%. The developed models have demonstrated reliability and the ability to achieve the greatest accuracy when compared to models that have already been designed.
Machine learning in predicting whistle-blowing intention of academic dishonesty with theory of planned behaviour
Authors: Masrom Suraya , Samad Nor Hafiza Abdul , Rahman Rahayu Abdul , Fatzel Farah Husna Mohd , Shamsudin Siti Marlia
Published: June 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic and its aftermath have caused most higher educations to choose to implement remote learning as a new method of instruction and assessment. Nevertheless, remote learning has been criticized by having adverse impact on academic integrity. Whistle-blowing has been regarded as an effective mechanism in limiting such unethical behavior. Thus, the main objective of this study is to identify the influence attributes of whistle-blowing intention among university students. The effectiveness of the whistle-blowing attributes was observed in prediction models based on machine learning technique. This paper presents the fundamental knowledge on evaluations of tree-based machine learning algorithms namely decision tree, random forest, to be compared with logistics regression and gradient linear model. A rigorous evaluation reports are provided that includes the area under curve (AUC) as a supplementary metric to measure the model accuracy. Additionally, to provide a clearer insight on the whistle-blowing prediction models, the pattern of influences from the whistle-blowing attributes based on the adoption of theory of planned behavior (TPB) and demography are presented. The findings revealed that both TPB and demography attributes contain some degree of impressive knowledge for the machine learning to generate a good prediction result.
Citrus leaves disease diagnosis
Authors: Mohammed Emad A. , Mohammed Ghasaq Hashim
Published: June 2023

Agriculture is the most important sector in developing countries, so the main source of concern for farmers is plant diseases that lead to a lack of production and a waste of money and crops. In this paper, a system using computer-assisted convolutional neural networks (CNN) with camera is developed to characterize diseases of citrus trees. This proposed system can help farmers to increase and improve the quality of their agricultural productivity. In addition to reducing the spread of the disease through early detection. Citrus leaf dataset was created to train and test the model because citrus is one of the main crops in Iraq. The results of the experiment shown that the implemented CNN achieved high classification accuracy of (92%) with fewer parameters, making it flawless and promising outcomes.
Multilabel sentiment analysis for classification of the spread of COVID-19 in Indonesia using machine learning
Authors: Fathoni Fathoni , Erwin Erwin , Abdiansah Abdiansah
Published: June 2023

This study aims to use datasets on Twitter to find out public opinion on the spread of coronavirus in Indonesia by conducting sentiment analysis. The resulting sentiment analysis will benefit the community by helping the Indonesian government take various strategic measures to prevent and counter the spread of the COVID-19. This research was conducted through the data collection stage, namely crawling data tweet words in Bahasa Indonesia containing the meaning of the spread of COVID-19, the next stage of the process of creating labels manually. Next, the pre-process stage by removing the character, symbols and special features from Twitter. The last stage, classification using learning machine with 3(three) methods namely K-nearest neighbor (K-NN), Naïve Bayes and decision tree. The study analyzed sentiment of 1,119 valid Tweets data and found that K-NN algorithm had the highest accuracy value compared to Naïve Bayes and decision tree algorithms, which was 95.10%. However, the Twitter data analyzed obtained 78.19% of Tweets that fall into the negative category and only 13.85% of public opinion that is positive. This indicates that most of the Tweets of Indonesians in twitter do not mean the spread of COVID-19 disease somewhere.
Using IoT technology for monitoring Alzheimer’s and elderly patients
Authors: Ebrahem Aseel Thamer , Mawfaq Mohamedsheet Al-Hatab Marwa , Al-Jabbar Entisar Younis Abd , Alkhaled Warqaa H. , Al-Sawaff Zaid Husham
Published: June 2023

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurological disorder that results in the death of brain cells, causing memory loss, behavioral changes, and cognitive impairment. It drastically affects the individual’s work and social life, often leading to death, and is now the sixth leading cause of mortality worldwide. AD patients have limited mobility, which restricts their movement outside their homes. Thankfully, new internet of things (IoT) applications have made it possible to monitor people with various illnesses in their everyday lives, providing valuable assistance to caregivers. This study aims to create an IoT prototype that can locate an AD patient in real time and remind them to take their medication on schedule via an alarm. The small, lightweight, portable patient carrier has a NodeMCU-23DSP board, a Neo-06 global positioning system (GPS) module, and a wireless modem/Wi-Fi router. Remote patient follow-up through the Blynk 2.0 application on computers and Android devices allows for monitoring of the patient’s medication regimen and daily activities. As AD patients struggle with memory and organization, the prototype’s design enables monitoring of a patient’s course of medication, making it easier for caregivers to provide the necessary assistance. The prototype was tested to demonstrate its efficiency and performance.
Paul’s Usage of the Anthropological Term νοῦς
Authors: Nägele Manuel
Published: June 2023

The lexeme νοῦς has received little attention in Pauline exegesis. The few relevant studies on Paul’s use of νοῦς rely solely on Josephus’ use of the term. In order to overcome this one-sidedness, this article understands νοῦς against both a Jewish-Hellenistic and a Graeco-Roman horizon by grasping the range of its meaning in terms of a semantic frame. From there it becomes clear that Paul uses the word in the sense of a psychic faculty and not in the sense of a single thought—a conclusion that is quite different from those of former approaches, which contend that he means both at the same time. These insights will be illustrated by Paul’s use of the lexeme in the opening chapters of 1 Corinthians.
Der „Reichtum“ der Korinther und die paulinische Kollekte
Authors: Wojtkowiak Heiko
Published: June 2023

In studies of the socio-economic composition of the church in Corinth, 2 Cor 8–9 are rarely considered. However, it is precisely these chapters that are instructive, since Paul addresses the entire community with a financial need, and, in order to succeed, the economic situation of the whole community must be taken into account. In these chapters, the apostle justifies and motivates his plea with reference to the material abundance of his audience and assumes that all church members are able to participate in giving. This supports the thesis, which is widespread in recent research, that the community is not primarily made up of the lowest, but rather the middle, and perhaps upper, social classes.
Strengthened by Grace and Not by Foods
Authors: Martin Michael Wade , Whitlark Jason A.
Published: June 2023

This study interprets the numerous veiled references of Hebrews 13:7–14 against the general problem addressed in the body of the speech, namely, the temptation to apostasy posed by the idolatrous, imperial culture. Specifically, the authors of this study argue that Heb 13:9 warns against idolatry and allegiance to pagan, imperial power broadly, and that the whole of 13:7–14 is a summons to embrace suffering by rejecting such identification in view of God’s promised future. Βρώματα, the authors argue, is shorthand for foods associated with pagan tables and imperial largesse. βεβαιοῦσθαι τὴν καρδίαν is an expression commonly used to depict literal nourishment, and in contexts where hunger was a real threat. Due to the perennial problems of food scarcity and chronic hunger, and to the critical role that foods derived from pagan and imperial sources played in alleviating these problems, the recipients of Hebrews likely were tempted to eat of these foods.
“Almost entirely a medical war”: The South African Medical Corps in East Africa, 1940–1941
Authors: van der Waag Ian
Published: June 2023

The first major theatre of operations during the Second World War in which South African forces fought was East Africa. Key to the South African role in the campaign was the formation of the 1st sa Infantry Division in 1940. A range of medical units were under command. Using a ‘bottom-up’ view, this article – using a range of personal accounts, which complement richly veined material at the Department of Defence Archives in Pretoria – examines the service they rendered against the backdrop of the policy framework and theatre challenges. It reveals the connection medical personnel experienced between the motives that animated other South African men and women to volunteer for wartime service – travel, adventure, patriotism – and their professional ambitions regarding the growth of medical science in the fluid and varied conditions of a modern war. Sometimes the learning curve was steep; progress depended on good leadership and innovation of practice under often-extreme circumstances. But, as this article contends, they adapted to local conditions, trained on the job, and gained experience and battle-hardiness as the campaign progressed. Steady improvement and the growing size and sophistication of the Allied medical deployment led to remarkably few admissions – and fewer fatalities – from preventable illnesses and diseases as well as improving practice in the treatment and evacuation of patients from vast operational areas characterised by exterior lines and rapidly lengthening supply lines.
Satellite Dependency: The Problem of Legitimating Structures for Localized Arts and Cultural Policy
Authors: Burnill-Maier Claire
Published: June 2023

Against a backdrop of growing interest in localized cultural policy, this article explores the example of Oldham, an “overshadowed” town (Pike et al., 2016) situated on the edge of the Northern English city of Manchester (United Kingdom). While urban planning discourse has acknowledged the impact of large cities on neighboring satellite areas, finding that regeneration projects can result in a weak sense of place for [such] secondary towns (Turok, 2009), few have considered the extent to which arts organizations in secondary towns are able to sustain their work and create their own narratives. Drawing from the thought of Pierre Bourdieu and from theories of institutional logics, I adopt a relational approach to exploring the ways in which organizations within the local cultural ecology understand their operating environment. Although cultural policy endeavors to use local arts infrastructure to build local capacity, this case study reveals a situation in which those organizations in satellite towns remain unable to gain the status enjoyed by their metropolitan counterparts. Further, it examples a field that remains highly institutionalized, hierarchical, and increasingly professionalized. Institutional arrangements result in organizations in the satellite-town depending upon its city neighbor for crucial legitimating capitals. Just as stories of class reproduce patterns of inequality, this situation is similarly true for organizations. Organizations are found to be complicit in the production and reproduction of inequalities within the institutional field, with dominant organizations appearing more able to access legitimizing capital than others. Ultimately, I argue that organizations in satellite towns are heavily reliant on symbolic resources supplied by the institutional fields of greater scope in which they are nested. Organizations are required to harness the support of elite individuals and dominant “world-maker” organizations, which lie beyond their immediate local context to secure legitimacy for themselves and their activities. This situation I term “satellite dependency.”
Indonesian Pharmacists’ Application of Beyond-Use Date Interventions to Patients and Its Contributing Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Cokro Fonny , Chiara Monika Arvia , Arrang Sherly Tandi , Hendra Olivia Stephanie
Published: June 2023

Background: Extemporaneous preparations are commonly used in Indonesia, hence, Beyond-Use Date (BUD) information needs to be delivered by pharmacists to patients to maximize drug stability and enhance safety. Objective: This study aims to evaluate BUD interventions carried out by Indonesian pharmacists. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used, while a validated and reliable questionnaire was given to the samples using the snowballing and purposive sampling methods. The sample criteria were Indonesian pharmacists who had experience serving patients’ extemporaneous prescriptions and those that completed the questionnaire. The significance of the relationship between BUD interventions and samples’ characteristics was evaluated using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: From the 221 total respondents, the majority admitted that they always provide BUD labeling on crushed tablets 46%, syrup 50.7%, and ointment 49.6% extemporaneous preparations. Similarly, most of the respondents also affirmed that they always provided BUD verbal information to patients on crushed tablets 66.8%, syrup 68%, and ointment 64% extemporaneous preparations. However, the remaining pharmacists, ranging from 32% to 54%, acknowledged that they did not always deliver both BUD labeling and verbal information to patients. Compared to the community-based, hospital pharmacists provided BUD labeling more frequently on all extemporaneous formulations as demonstrated by P < .05. Additionally, pharmacists found to work in Jakarta and the surrounding areas provided substantially more BUD labeling on crushed tablets and ointment ( P < .05) compared to other workplace. Adult pharmacists also provided BUD labeling on crushed tablet formulations more often than the middle-aged ( P < .05). Only the crushed tablet preparation was associated with the provision of BUD verbal information ( P = .004). Conclusions: Based on the results, not all pharmacists verbally inform patients about BUDs nor provide drug labeling on various extemporaneous preparations. The determinant factors contributing to BUD labeling provisions were the type of practice, workplace location, and age. For the provision of verbal information, the only determinant factor was the type of practice.
Influence of reference circles on the evaluation results of axis straightness errors
Authors: Zhao Zexiang , Zhao Xinyu , Wu Tianhao
Published: June 2023

Measurement principle of axis straightness error of cylindrical parts was introduced based on their roundness profiles. The evaluation models of the center coordinates of four kinds of the reference circles were built, and the evaluation models of the axis straightness errors were established by using the least-square and minimum zone criteria. The roundness profiles of eight simulated cylinders, eight holes, and eight shafts were extracted, and their axis straightness errors were evaluated based on the different reference circles and evaluation criteria. The “minimax” issues in the evaluation process of axis straightness errors were be solved by using Equilibrium Optimizer, and its implementation flows were given. Their evaluation results were analyzed under the used reference circles and evaluation criteria. The analysis results showed that both reference circles and evaluation criteria have much influence on the evaluation results, and that among the evaluation results based on the centers’ coordinates of four reference circles and two evaluation criteria, the axis straightness errors evaluated based on the center coordinates of least-square reference circle and the minimum zone criteria is the least one for most of cylindrical parts, the roundness profiles of which may have no singularities, and the differences among the axis straightness errors evaluated on the basis of different reference circles and different evaluation criteria are very large sometimes, which should be noted in checking whether the axis straightness errors of parts are qualified.
Prevalence and correlates of adolescent self-injurious thoughts and behaviors: A population-based study in Burkina Faso
Authors: Ebalu Tracie I , Kearns Jaclyn C , Ouermi Lucienne , Bountogo Mamadou , Sié Ali , Bärnighausen Till , Harling Guy
Published: June 2023

Self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITBs) are a growing concern among youth in sub-Saharan Africa, but their prevalence and correlates in this region are poorly understood. We therefore examined self-reported SITBs in a population-representative sample of youth in rural Burkina Faso. We used interviews from 1,538 adolescents aged 12 to 20 years living in 10 villages and 1 town in northwestern Burkina Faso. Adolescents were asked about their experiences with suicidal and nonsuicidal SITBs, adverse environmental factors, psychiatric symptoms, and interpersonal-social experiences. SITBs included lifetime prevalence of life is not worth living, passive suicide ideation, active suicide ideation, and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). After describing SITB prevalence, we ran logistic and negative binomial regression models to predict SITBs. Weighted lifetime SITB prevalence estimates were: 15.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 13.7–18.0) for NSSI; 15.1% (95% CI: [13.2, 17.0]) for life is not worth living; 5.0% (95% CI [3.9, 6.0]) for passive suicide ideation; and 2.3% (95% CI [1.6, 3.0]) for active suicide ideation. Prevalence of life is not worth living increased with age. All four SITBs were significantly positively associated with mental health symptoms (depression symptoms, probable posttraumatic stress disorder) and interpersonal-social experiences (peer and social connectedness, physical assault, sexual assault and unwanted sexual experiences). Females were significantly more likely to report that their life was not worth living compared to males (aOR = 0.68; 95% CI [0.48, 0.96]). There is a high prevalence of SITBs among youth in rural Burkina Faso, most notably NSSI and life is not worth living, with interpersonal-social factors being the strongest predictors. Our results highlight the need for longitudinal SITB assessment to understand how risk for SITBs operates in resource-constrained settings, and to design interventions to mitigate risk. Given low school enrollment in rural Burkina Faso, it will be important to consider youth suicide prevention and mental health initiatives that are not school-based.
A general leading-order asymptotic theory of thin microstructural plates and uncertainty quantification of the elastic performance of composite laminates
Authors: Zhao Xue , Zhu Yichao
Published: June 2023

We propose an asymptotic framework that may be used as a platform to model general thin microstructural plates, and our initiative is twofold. First, it provides an explanation to why so many tailored plate theories have been introduced for modelling plates bearing microstructures. In hypotheses-based plate theories, the microstructural details within each ply are usually smeared out. But it is shown that with such in-ply details properly taken into account, one manages to address, even only with leading-order terms, several key issues, such as transverse shear strain effects, shear locking, etc., whose rationalisation is believed to necessitate higher-order terms. To a certain degree, the proposed formulation can be used as a target for tailoring kinematic shape functions in both Reissner-Mindlin types of plate theories and zig-zag theories. Second, being slender in nature, a microstructural plate should accommodate a stress state that is close to the state of plane stress. This agrees with our findings that the (leading-order) mechanical units of a microstructural plate should be two-dimensional slices parameterised with the thickness coordinate, distinguishing the proposed framework from other plate theories based on asymptotic analysis. To demonstrate what the present framework can predict beyond existing theories, the effects on the behaviour of fibrous laminates due to manufacturing uncertainties are investigated.
Cyclic aging analysis of CFRP and GFRP composite laminates
Authors: Moazzami Mostafa , Ayatollahi MR , Akhavan-Safar Alireza , Teixeira de Freitas Sofia , da Silva Lucas FM
Published: June 2023

When a composite laminate is subjected to humidity, moisture diffusion occurs depending on the number and thickness of the lamina. Water diffusion changes the mechanical response of laminates and usually causes a significant reduction of the mechanical properties of the composite specimens in ocean structures. One of the most important mechanical properties of laminates is flexural stiffness which should be considered in the design procedure. Despite the extensive research on single cycle aging of composites, cyclic aging of these materials is less explored. The aim of the current research is to investigate the variation of mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) and glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites as a substrate in adhesive joints with the same initial flexural stiffness values subjected to cyclic wet/dry aging conditions for long-term structural applications. The matrix used in the CFRP and GFRP composites are based on epoxy and vinyl ester, respectively. Both unaged and cyclically aged samples were characterized by tensile and three-point bending tests. In order to simulate the moisture absorption condition of composites in adhesive joints, one side of the composite laminates was sealed with aluminum foils and three sides were exposed to humidity. The interaction between the composite thickness and the number of aging cycles was also investigated. The experimental results show that in cyclic aging condition, the reduction of flexural stiffness in CFRP is more than GFRP laminates and GFRP laminates is more suitable for ocean applications.
Left-Wing Populism and Environmental Issues: An Analysis of La France Insoumise’s ‘Popular Environmentalism’
Authors: Chazel Laura , Dain Vincent
Published: June 2023

This article proposes to explore the interaction between populism and environmentalism in the discourse of populist radical left parties, through a case study of Jean-Luc Mélenchon’s parties, Parti de gauche (2008–2016) and La France insoumise (from 2016). While an emerging literature primarily investigated the populist framing of populist radical right parties’ climate (sceptic) discourse, the article analyses how a populist radical left party incorporates environmental issues into its agenda and the extent to which environmentalism and populism concretely interweave. Using mixed-methods, we first show that the logics of party competition and the growing salience of environmental issues led La France insoumise to gradually develop an ambitious green agenda. We then show that there is evidence for a populism/environmentalism nexus that could be defined as ‘green populism’. La France insoumise’s ecosocialist ideology combines to anti-elitism and people-centrism to blame the environmental crisis on the ‘oligarchy’ and to promote a green transition that would protect the people.
Emotional Profiles of Anxiety, Depression, and Stress: Differences in School Anxiety
Authors: Vicent María , Suriá Raquel , Gonzálvez Carolina , Aparicio-Flores María del Pilar , Sanmartín Ricardo , García-Fernández José Manuel
Published: June 2023

Introduction

This study aims to confirm the existence of profiles according to the combinations of anxiety, depression, and stress, and looks to examine the differences between profiles according to the mean scores obtained in school anxiety.

Methods

A total of 1,234 Spanish students at the secondary education level with an age range of 13–16 years old ( M = 14.52; SD = 1.24) participated in the study by completing the abbreviated version of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and the School Anxiety Inventory.

Results

The results showed positive, statistically significant, and moderate-sized correlations between all the variables analyzed. The Latent Profile Analysis identified four distinct profiles of depression, anxiety, and stress: Low DAS, Moderate DAS, High DAS, and Very High DAS. The results of the MANOVA showed statistically significant differences between these profiles regarding the school anxiety dimensions, with the profiles Very High DAS and Low DAS being the ones that reported, respectively, the highest and lowest levels in all the school anxiety components. Post hoc analyses revealed significant differences for the large part of profile comparisons, with there being large and moderate differences observed in the majority of cases ( d = .30 and 1.66).

Conclusions

The results show the importance of considering social anxiety as a construct that is strongly associated with emotional problems such as depression, anxiety, and stress when developing effective actions to detect them and intervene with adolescents.
Fire resistance of low alloy Q420d high-strength steel column under high-temperature creep
Authors: Zhu Jun , Xing Meixiu , Mao Xingbo , Sheng Dongfa
Published: June 2023

The high-temperature mechanical and creep characteristics of Q420D steel are investigated in this essay. To determine the steel's high-temperature yield strength, the high-temperature tensile test of Q420D steel was first performed. In the temperature range of 400°C–800°C, the high-temperature creep test under various pressures was conducted, and the creep strain curve over time was produced. Finite element analysis and comparison were done to examine the impact of creep strain on the Q420D steel column's bearing capacity under high-temperature conditions. The findings demonstrated that: Using Abaqus, a finite element fire resistance analysis of a Q420D steel column, was conducted while taking initial geometrical flaws, residual stress, and creep effect into account. As a result, the critical temperature of a Q420D steel column under various load ratios was determined. The largest deviation from the critical temperature in the standard GB51249–2017 was 2.9% when the creep effect was taken into account under the load ratio R  =  0.3. The highest reduction in fire resistance limit time under low load ratio conditions, taking into account the creeping impact of Q420D steel columns, is 35%. The findings demonstrate that the high-temperature creep energy greatly lowers the steel column's fire resistance.
The politics of urban densification in Oslo
Authors: Kjærås Kristin
Published: June 2023

Urban density is central to pressing questions concerning low-carbon lifestyles, affordable housing and global land use patterns. However, for many densifying cities, problems of inequality, climate emissions and social sustainability often remain unsolved or exaggerated. Adopting a relational perspective, this paper explores the politics of urban densification in Oslo, Norway. Arguing that urban density is assembled as particular political projects, the paper seeks to understand the achievements urban densification projects bring together, from housing policy to environmental policy, property schemes and financial strategies. Based on a qualitative study of urban densification strategies and projects in Oslo, the paper develops a typology of hegemonic and counterhegemonic urban density discourses and contributes to a discussion of how economically, socially and environmentally different kinds of urban densities may be assembled.
Effect of Eased Restrictions for ACA-Exempt Short-Term Health Plans on Marketplace Premiums and Uninsured Rate: A Difference in Differences Analysis
Authors: Kostiaev Sergei S. , Chakravarty Sujoy , Cantor Joel C.
Published: June 2023

The Affordable Care Act (ACA) established broad standards for private health insurance in the United States including requiring minimum essential benefits and prohibiting medical underwriting, but the law also permitted some exceptions. This paper examines one type of exempt plan option, Short-Term, Limited Duration Insurance (STLDI) that is not required to fully meet ACA benefit and underwriting standards. Federal rules governing STLDI plans have changed over time, with more permissive rules in the Trump administration allowing individuals to remain covered for longer durations of time relative to the original Obama regulations. Within applicable federal guidelines, states have also varied STLDI rules. Using publicly available data measuring state-level variations in STLDI regulations, ACA benchmark premiums, uninsured rates, and population characteristics for 2014 to 2021, we estimate difference-in-differences models to examine if more permissible STLDI policies are associated with higher premiums in the fully regulated non-group market and, also, lower uninsured rates. We find that longer duration, more permissible STLDI is associated with higher benchmark premiums in ACA exchanges and no difference in state-level uninsured rates. Trump administration regulations permitting longer duration STLDI plans to make available more affordable ACA-exempt health insurance were associated with higher premium costs in the ACA-regulated non-group market but we did not observe measurable impact on state uninsured rates. While longer-duration STLDI plans may result in lower costs for some, they have negative consequences for others requiring comprehensive coverage with no discernible benefit in overall coverage rates. Understanding these tradeoffs can help guide future policies regarding exceptions to ACA plan requirements.
Testing the Target Congruence Approach: Do Vulnerability, Gratifiability, and Antagonism Explain Cyberstalking Victimization Among Young Adults?
Authors: Fissel Erica R. , Fisher Bonnie S. , Wilcox Pamela
Published: June 2023

To extend theoretical understanding of cyberspace victimization beyond lifestyle-routine activity theory, we tested the target congruence approach as a plausible explanation for cyberstalking victimization. Of secondary interest, we assessed whether the relationship between target congruence and cyberstalking victimization differs by pursued–pursuer relationship. Survey data from a sample of 1,500 young adults (18–25 years old) revealed 32% had experienced cyberstalking victimization within the previous year. Logistic regression results moderately support the target congruence approach. Measures capturing target vulnerability (e.g., age, disability), target gratifiability (e.g., gender identity, types of photos posted), and target antagonism (e.g., relationship status, cyberstalking perpetration) significantly predicted cyberstalking victimization. Moreover, it appears that the target congruence elements better explain cyberstalking victimization conducted by someone known to the target (compared with a stranger). Implications for the applicability of the target congruence approach are discussed, along with suggestions for future research.
Single Institution Experience With Sinonasal Glomangiopericytoma: A Case Series
Authors: Schauwecker Natalie , Davis Seth , Perez Alexander , Labby Alex , Mannion Kyle , Sinard Robert , Lewis James S. , Chandra Rick
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Sinonasal glomangiopericytoma (GPC) is an uncommon neoplasm, accounting for less than 0.5% of all sinonasal tumors. It is characterized as having low malignant potential, with complete surgical excision representing optimal treatment. Presenting symptoms are typically due to mass effect and vascularity of this tumor, often including unilateral nasal obstruction or epistaxis. Accounts of this tumor in the literature remain sparse. Methods: Single institution retrospective review. Results: Six cases of sinonasal GPC were identified from a review of the electronic medical records spanning from 2009 through 2021. Age at diagnosis ranged from 48 to 67 years, with a gender distribution of 5 males and 1 female. Most subjects presented with unilateral sinonasal obstruction of variable duration. Each underwent endoscopic resection of the mass with negative margins, and no adjuvant therapy was pursued. Pathologic specimens demonstrated a vascular patterned tumor with spindled cells surrounding vessels and were positive for smooth muscle actin and negative for cytokeratin. Active post-surgical follow-up ranged from 11 months to 10 years. All patients were without endoscopic evidence of recurrence, and 2 had post-operative imaging which showed no evidence of disease. Conclusions: This review of 6 cases of sinonasal GPC represents the largest known series of this rare pathology in the literature to date. Based on our experience, and in agreement with the available literature, this disease is reliably managed with complete surgical excision. Adjuvant therapy can be avoided in otherwise uncomplicated cases. Although rare, GPC should be considered in the differential diagnosis of all vascular sinonasal tumors.