bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Apoyo para políticas y estrategias de manejo integrado de recursos hídricos en América Central
Authors: Aguilar Amilpa Enrique , López Fernando , Morgan Luis , Flores Nelson
Published: March 2024

El presente informe presenta los resultados de la cooperación técnica no reembolsable BID-CRRH N° ATN/SF-5758-RG. "Apoyo para políticas y estrategias de manejo integrado de recursos hídricos en América Central". El trabajo se sustenta en una serie de entrevistas realizadas en Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua y Panamá. El diálogo establecido por los consultores con los niveles técnicos y políticos, así como con representantes de distintos grupos sociales o sectores interesados, permitió desarrollar una visión global sobre el entorno jurídico, institucional y político dentro del cual se define el papel del Estado y del resto de la sociedad en relación con el manejo del agua. Finalmente, los resultados de la Cooperación Técnica fueron analizados y discutidos por representantes de los seis países involucrados, en el marco del Taller Regional sobre Gestión Ambiental y Disminución de Vulnerabilidad a Desastres Naturales, organizado por el Banco y la SICA, celebrado en la ciudad de San Salvador, en marzo de 1999. Este documento presenta los resultados de este trabajo.
Agua y pobreza: Informe de avance sobre la iniciativa regional para América Latina y el Caribe
Authors:   Global Water Partnership,   CARE Internacional,   Inter American Development Bank,   IDB-Netherlands Water Partnership Program
Published: March 2024

Durante más de cuatro décadas, el Banco ha otorgado financiamiento para proyectos relacionados con el agua. El impacto de un proyecto en el desarrollo socioeconómico presenta muchos aspectos, tanto a nivel macro como a nivel micro, los cuales necesitan ser evaluados. A fin de crear sinergias con organizaciones como la Asociación Mundial del Agua (GWP) y CARE Internacional, que se encontraban organizando reuniones de consulta nacionales y regionales para el Diálogo sobre Agua y Gobernabilidad (uno de los temas centrales del Tercer Foro Mundial del Agua), el BID, GWP y CARE han establecido vínculos de colaboración para organizar eventos conjuntos sobre agua, gobernabilidad y pobreza. En tal sentido, se han organizado cuatro talleres regionales, dos para América del Sur y dos para América Central y el Caribe. El BID patrocinó la organización de una sesión sobre agua y pobreza en cada uno de los talleres regionales para América del Sur y América Central organizados por GWP. El presente informe se refiere a los talleres mencionados que fueron realizados en el marco del Tercer Foro Mundial del Agua Kyoto 19-20 de marzo 2003.
Financiamiento de inversiones forestales en América Latina: El uso de incentivos
Authors: Haltia Olli , Keipi Kari
Published: March 2024

El presente documento examina la controversia en torno a la aplicación de incentivos a la silvicultura. Los autores afirman que si bien las reformas macroeconómicas, políticas e institucionales que crean un mejor clima para la participación del sector privado son probablemente los vehículos más efectivos para obtener niveles significativos de inversión en el sector forestal, los incentivos financieros tanto para ésta última como para la conservación todavía están en capacidad de cumplir un papel importante dado que los programas de forestación pueden producir externalidades ecológicas y sociales positivas.
Invirtiendo en un futuro sostenible: El apoyo del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo a los objetivos de la Cumbre de Santa Cruz de la Sierra
Authors:   Inter American Development Bank
Published: March 2024

El Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, siguiendo los mandatos que recibió de sus gobiernos en 1994 en su Octavo Aumento General de Recursos, incorporó en sus estrategias los grandes objetivos del desarrollo sostenible y a ello debe responder en la definición de su política de cooperación con cada gobierno y con los programas de acción entre grupos de países. En muchas de estas tareas está asociado o procura asociarse en forma cooperativa con otras organizaciones de la región, así como de las Naciones Unidas y sus organismos especializados, de la Unión Europea y de organismos de cooperación bilateral. Mediante el presente documento se propone informar a los Jefes de Gobierno, reunidos en la Cumbre sobre Desarrollo Sostenible en Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia sobre la respuesta que el Banco está dando y la que aspira a dar como consecuencia de la convocatoria que este encuentro hace a todos los organismos internacionales que tienen algo que aportar a su Declaración.
Planificación y protección financiera para sobrevivir los desastres
Authors: Tyson Justin , Keipi Kari
Published: March 2024

A pesar de que no es posible prevenir los desastres naturales, existe la posibilidad de reducir la vulnerabilidad de las poblaciones por medio de la gestión de riesgos. El Plan de Acción del BID para la reducción de riesgos de desastres de 2000 presentó recomendaciones en dos importantes áreas: (i) la planificación, con el propósito de identificar y reducir los riesgos por medio de la incorporación de la prevención y medidas de mitigación en planes y programas de desarrollo; y, (ii) la protección financiera, mediante la transferencia de riesgos a otros o su distribución en el tiempo. Este documento trata ambos aspectos.
Replanteamiento de política de contratos de aprovechamiento forestal en América Latina
Authors: Hardner Jared J. , Rice Richard
Published: March 2024

El presente estudio pone en tela de juicio las políticas y el diseño actual de los contratos de aprovechamiento de los recursos forestales en América Latina y el Caribe. Una evaluación de las limitaciones que afectan el éxito de las políticas forestales para el desarrollo económico y conservación de recursos forestales revela que es imprescindible replantear en forma radical los contratos forestales. El replanteo de los modelos actuales de contratos de aprovechamiento de los recursos forestales debe comenzar con una clara definición de los objetivos. En la actualidad, las ideas sobre el "manejo forestal sostenible", muchas veces carece de la claridad necesaria para formular índices con los cuales se podría medir el éxito de manejo de una manera imparcial. Una vez que se definen los objetivos, es menester elaborar medios realistas para obtenerlos.
Herramienta de evaluación para implementar buenas prácticas en el área de gestión comercial de operadores de agua y saneamiento
Authors: Jourdain Jean-Loup
Published: March 2024

El presente documento informa sobre una herramienta desarrollada por la División de Agua y Saneamiento del BID para evaluar las prácticas utilizadas en la gestión de los clientes de las empresas de agua y alcantarillado. Con el fin de facilitar el uso de esta herramienta, todos los aspectos que se refieren a la gestión de clientes se han agrupado en cuatro áreas funcionales principales: la "Fabrica de Facturación'' o la facturación y recaudación periódica; Gestión de Cobranza; Atención al Cliente y Marketing de los Clientes, una actividad relativamente nueva en las empresas de agua y saneamiento, que tiene por objeto estudiar y proponer soluciones a medida para diferentes tipos de clientes. La herramienta es un programa en Excel, diseñada para ser "autosustentada". Esta herramienta se puede utilizar principalmente de dos maneras: como una herramienta de apoyo al diálogo y entendimiento entre un profesional del área de gestión de clientes y un experto externo o directamente por la empresa operadora para medir la consistencia de los diferentes enfoques de gestión de clientes y las percepciones sobre su efectividad.
La efectividad de las redes de protección social: El rol de los sistemas integrados de información social en México
Authors: Gómez Hermosillo M. Rogelio
Published: March 2024

Este trabajo forma parte de una serie de estudios realizados en el marco del proyecto "La efectividad de las redes de protección social: El rol de los sistemas integrados de información social". El objetivo de este documento es presentar un estudio sobre el proceso de diseño y gestión del Sistema Integrado de Información e Identificación de Beneficiarios (SIIIB) en México. El trabajo se concentra en el sistema de identificación e información de beneficiarios implementado por el Programa Oportunidades entre 1997 y fines de 2006. En las diferentes secciones del documento se presentan los programas que componen el sistema de protección social, se aborda el del SIIIB, el funcionamiento del sistema en el caso de Oportunidades, se analizan los sistemas de gestión del padrón, y se presentan los sistemas de monitoreo y evaluación del Programa Oportunidades. El documento se cierra con una sección de conclusiones generales.
La efectividad de las redes de protección social: El rol de los sistemas integrados de información social en seis países de América Latina
Authors: Bouillon César P. , Irarrázaval Ignacio , Azevedo Viviane
Published: March 2024

Este documento recoge los principales hallazgos de un conjunto de estudios de los Sistemas Integrados de Información Social, resultado de un trabajo de cooperación entre el Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo y un conjunto de investigadores de la región con el objetivo de recolectar lecciones aprendidas en el diseño, la implementación y el seguimiento de los Sistemas Integrados de Información Social (SIIS) en seis países de la región. Los estudios incluyen los casos del SINTYS en Argentina, el Cadastro Único en Brasil, el SIIS y RIS en Chile, el SISBEN en Colombia, el SIPO-SABEN en Costa Rica, y el Padrón de Oportunidades en México. Estos sistemas tienen como objetivo principal integrar la información disponible en los países y servir como una herramienta para la priorización del gasto social que realizan las distintas entidades nacionales.
El fracaso educativo: Embarazos para no ir a la clase
Authors: Binstock Georgina , Näslund-Hadley Emma
Published: March 2024

El interés de este informe es comprender los factores determinantes de los embarazos en adolescentes y cómo estos influyen en las trayectorias educativas, preocupación que se deriva de la relación inversa entre los resultados de la educación y la fecundidad en las adolescentes. A través de entrevistas exhaustivas con 118 mujeres los autores muestran las diferencias de las trayectorias educativas de adolescentes y adultas embarazadas en vecindarios urbanos en Paraguay y Perú. Los hallazgos sugieren que las adolescentes que enfrentan obstáculos que desalientan el aprovechamiento académico y las aspiraciones altas en la vida tienen también muchas probabilidades de quedar embarazadas. Además, los resultados de este estudio no apoyan la suposición convencional de que el problema de la deserción escolar comienza con el embarazo, sino que puede resultar también de uniones formales tempranas, de la baja calidad de la educación que se ofrece y expectativas generalmente bajas en la vida.
Evaluación de impacto ambiental: Fibra de vicuña en la Reserva Nacional Salinas y Aguada Blanca
Authors: López Tejeda Evaristo
Published: March 2024

El siguiente estudio ambiental contribuye al "Proyecto de Encadenamientos Productivos Sostenibles en Áreas Naturales Protegidas" del Perú. Dado que una de las principales actividades económicas de las comunidades campesinas peruanas es la obtención de fibra de vicuña, se realiza el presente Estudio de Impacto Ambiental sobre los efectos en el medio ambiente con el fin de levantar información sobre los recursos en la Reserva Nacional Salinas y Aguada Blanca y sus principales amenazas, con especial interés en la vicuña, determinar los impactos producidos en el proceso de extracción de la fibra de la vicuña, caracterizar los impactos determinados en el proceso de obtención de fibra de esta recurso, proponer los programas que sean pertinentes a objeto de minimizar y/o mitigar los impactos negativos en el proceso de obtención de fibra vicuña, y proponer los programas que refuercen el conocimiento de los recursos biológicos de la Reserva Nacional Salinas y Aguada Blanca y su utilización racional y sustentable.
Indicadores de riesgo y de gestión del riesgo de los desastres: resultados para Nicaragua
Authors: Cardona Omar D.
Published: March 2024

Los desastres naturales han repercutido en las perspectivas de desarrollo de muchos de los países de América Latina y el Caribe. Nicaragua está al frente de esta infortunada realidad, estando localizada en una de las zonas del mundo más propensa a amenazas naturales. Con el fin de apoyar a Nicaragua es reducir su vulnerabilidad frente a las amenazas y las pérdidas probables que éstas implican, el presente informe aplica el sistema innovador de indicadores de gestión de riesgo apoyado por el Banco. Estos indicadores no sólo señalan a Nicaragua dónde están sus puntos débiles, sino que pueden ser herramientas para controlar cómo se desarrolla su capacidad para gestionar riesgos. Asimismo, el presente informe es una fuente de información para tomar mejores decisiones acerca de su organización financiera, económica, ambiental y social.
La participación del sector privado en los servicios de agua y saneamiento en Cartagena de Indias
Authors: Beato Paulina , Díaz Javier
Published: March 2024

El Banco está preparando unas guías para la aplicación de las Política de Servicios Públicos Domiciliarios (OP-708) al sector de agua y saneamiento. Esta política establece un marco para compatibilizar los objetivos de aumento de cobertura y calidad con el resto de los objetivos de desarrollo y eficiencia de cada país. Para facilitar el diseño de las operaciones, el Banco está preparando estudios de experiencias de colaboración entre los sectores público y privado para aumentar la cobertura de la población más desatendida. Desde la segunda mitad de la década de los años ochenta los esquemas de prestación de los servicios de agua y saneamiento en Colombia se han modificado a medida que el marco legal e institucional del sector del agua y el saneamiento fue experimentado transformaciones importantes.
Adecuación de servicios financieros a las economías tradicionales indígenas
Authors: Perafán Carlos César
Published: March 2024

A pesar del esfuerzo de los organismos multilaterales para erradicar la pobreza en la población indígena, la brecha entre los indígenas y el resto de la población en lugar de disminuir ha aumentado, poniendo en duda la eficacia de la estrategia que se ha venido usando. La demanda indígena viene superando el concepto paternalista y minimalista y busca transformar las materias primas, aumentando así su productividad sin comprometer su medio ambiente, controlar sus propios recursos naturales con explotaciones de bajo impacto y cambiar de nicho en el mercado laboral. El objetivo de este informe es el de analizar la conveniencia de buscar modelos de alternativas de financiamiento para los pueblos indígenas, con un cambio en la perspectiva de acercamiento y una concepción que implique la adaptación de la oferta financiera a las realidades de las economías indígenas y a los postulados del desarrollo con identidad.
Algunos rasgos del mercado de servicios de consultoría y capacitación para pymes en Argentina: Principales restricciones para desarrollar las capacidades competitivas de las firmas
Authors: Angelelli Pablo , Gatto Francisco , Yoguel Gabriel
Published: March 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar --desde la perspectiva empresarial-- la importancia de los servicios de consultoría y capacitación como herramientas fundamentales para el desarrollo de las capacidades competitivas de Pymes industriales y de servicios en Argentina. Para ello fue necesario examinar ciertos aspectos de la demanda de estos servicios, tales como el área temática en la cual se focalizan, los costos involucrados, la duración, el tipo de proveedor y la performance y la conducta de las empresas demandantes. Asimismo, se fueron detectando algunos rasgos del mercado embrionario de estos servicios en Argentina para Pymes, algunas características de la oferta tradicional que, en general, funciona bajo la premisa de que los conocimientos necesarios en las empresas son solo de tipo codificado y genérico lo que da lugar a una excesiva estandarización de los servicios ofertados.
Lecciones en la penetración de la banca comercial en microfinanzas: El caso de Banco de la Empresa, S.A.
Authors: Wenner Mark D. , Campos Sergio
Published: March 2024

Pocos bancos comerciales se han dedicado en forma lucrativa al campo de las micro finanzas, pese a repetidos intentos por parte de entidades donantes de entusiasmarlos para ingresar a este segmento. El caso de Banco de la Empresa, banco privado latinoamericano cuya identidad ha sido disfrazada en esta publicación, ilustra la manera en que podría evolucionar la penetración del segmento del mercado de la microempresa. En este documento se examina la experiencia del banco en el campo de las micro finanzas, cuáles fueron sus motivaciones para iniciar un programa de esta índole, qué ajustes realizó en los procedimientos operativos y qué riesgos enfrentó el programa. El estudio se basa en una experiencia real del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, pero para preservar la confidencialidad de la institución, se han cambiado los nombres, fechas y otros datos no críticos.
Descentralización y relaciones intergubernamentales en Uruguay
Authors: Huntzinger Hervé , Prud'homme Rémy
Published: March 2024

Cette publication discute les caractéristiques importantes pour l'analyse des problèmes de décentralisation et de relations intergouvernementales à l'Uruguay. La décentralisation et les relations entre niveau de gouvernement s'inscrivent dans un contexte institutionnel, qui doit d'abord être présenté. Elles s'inscrivent également dans un contexte spatial, géographique, que l'on peut encore appeler régional, qui intéresse à la fois leur finalité et leurs caractéristiques, et qui doit également être analysé.
Informe MERCOSUL No. 1 (1996)
Authors:   Inter American Development Bank
Published: March 2024

Em 1996, a macroeconomia dos Estados Parte do MERCOSUL se caracterizou por duas tendências. Aprimeira foi uma evolução no seu desempenho do ponto de vista do crescimento e da inflação, em umcontexto de relativa fragilidade fiscal e externa. A segunda foi uma redução da disparidade nocomportamento do nível de atividade e dos preços, no contexto de relativa estabilização das paridadesbilaterais reais. A maior sincronia dos ciclos econômicos nacionais nas duas maiores economias (aocontrário do que ocorreu em 1991/92 e em 1995), permite antecipar que no futuro imediato os fluxos decomércio estarão menos influenciados pelas divergências macroeconômicas de curto prazo que no passado.
MERCOSUL em sua primeira década (1991-2001): Uma avaliação política a partir do Brasil
Authors: Almeida Paulo Roberto de
Published: March 2024

O Mercosul, entendido como processo complexo de construção progressiva de um espaço integrado no Cone Sul, transcende em muito as realizações econômicas, políticas e diplomáticas acumuladas ao longo dos primeiros onze anos de sua existência formal, contados a partir da assinatura do Tratado de Assunção, em 26 de março de 1991. Trata-se de uma realidade sociológica fortemente embasada no contexto histórico e político do subcontinente sul-americano, extravasando o simples conceito econômico de união aduaneira ou de mercado comum, visto que apresenta características imanentes do ponto de vista sócio-estrutural que vão além dos resultados alcançados nos planos comercial, político-diplomático ou mesmo "societal" dos quatro países membros. A realidade sociológica e o alcance efetivos do Mercosul na geoeconomia e na história política recente da região extrapolam a simples área coberta pelo território combinado dos quatro membros originais e dos dois países associados. Da mesma forma, seu "tempo histórico" de desenvolvimento ultrapassa a mera cronologia de uma década, devendo-se remontar à segunda metade do século XX para projetar sua influência real nas próximas décadas.
Ferramenta para avaliar a aplicação de boas práticas de governança corporativa em empresas de abastecimento de água e saneamento com propriedade patrimonial majoritária pública
Authors: Cuéllar Boada Fidel H.
Published: March 2024

A Matriz de Avanço em GC para EPE é um instrumento da Corporação Financeira Internacional. A CFI autorizou seu uso ao BID e ao consultor. Foram realizadas várias modificações sobre o respectivo formato, para adaptá-lo às empresas de água e saneamento e aos casos em que será aplicada a ferramenta. O Banco Interamericano de Desenvolvimento é o proprietário da forma como se apresenta o instrumento a partir do conceito original da CFI.
Operações urbanas: O que podemos aprender com a experiência de São Paulo?
Authors: Maleronka Camila , Hobbs Jason
Published: March 2024

Esta publicação é fruto de uma pesquisa contratada pelo BID em 2015 que se dedicou ao estudo e avaliação das operações urbanas implementadas na cidade de São Paulo, cuja experiência comumente se confunde com o próprio instrumento. O objetivo da pesquisa foi identificar os atributos de viabilidade de Operações Urbanas Consorciadas, evidenciados a partir da experiência paulistana, e registrar as lições e recomendações que se podem tirar a partir do estudo de caso das quatro operações urbanas vigentes no município: Centro, Água Branca, Faria Lima e Água Espraiada.
Penetration of the Self-Assessment System for Income Tax: Half-a-Century's Experience in Postwar Japan
Authors: Usui Nobuaki
Published: March 2024

This paper analyzes why Japan introduced the self-assessment system for "income tax" in such adverse circumstances, what problems it faced as a result of its implementation, and how the country overcame these difficulties to achieve the stable operation of today's income tax system.
Country Program Evaluation: Peru (1990-2000)
Authors:   Inter American Development Bank
Published: March 2024

This Country Program Evaluation (RE-262) covers the period 1990-2000. During the decade, Peru was the focal point for development assistance from both multilateral and bilateral institutions. This paper includes a description of the country context and development challenges, a diagnosis and strategy towards programming the Bank's engagement with Peru, a discussion on the Bank's program and the execution of the program, and an assessment of the initiatives and results.
Country Program Evaluation: Suriname (1980-2004)
Authors:   Inter American Development Bank
Published: March 2024

This report (RE-318) details the evaluation undertaken by the Office of Evaluation and Oversight (OVE) of the Bank's Country Program in Suriname during the period 1980-2004. The purpose of the Country Program Evaluation (CPE) is to describe the outcomes of the Bank's performance in country, and to distill lessons to enhance the efficacy of future Bank actions. To establish the context in which the Country Program was conceived and delivered, Chapter I summarizes the most salient features of Suriname's economy, and prominent developmental challenges faced by the country during the period of review. Against this backdrop, Chapter II analyzes the priorities and objectives identified by the Bank in its strategic dialogue with Suriname, drawing conclusions about the relevance and coherence of the Bank's Program. Chapter III reviews the efficiency of program execution; while the qualitative dimensions of the Bank's program and overall development effectiveness are reviewed in Chapter IV. In conclusion, Chapter V presents recommendations to enhance the Bank's performance in the future.
Country Program Evaluation: Chile (1995-2005)
Authors:   Inter American Development Bank
Published: March 2024

This Country Program Evaluation (RE-320) covers two programming cycles encompassing the period from 1996 to 2000 to 2005. The evaluation has found that the country and the Bank have successfully worked together to achieve a program that has a high level of country ownership and one that has contributed to the Bank's cross-fertilization role amongst its clients. However, success was constrained by the Bank's business model of applying policies and procedures homogeneously amongst its clients. This feature rests uncomfortably with Chile's outlier status of most performance indicators: economic, political, social, poverty reduction, and access to private international capital markets amongst the Bank's clients. The paper is organized in different sections including: Background; Program Intent and Delivery; Efficiency of Program Output Delivery; Fiduciary, Execution and Low-evaluability Risks; Aid Effectiveness; Program's Outcomes: Development Effectiveness; Conclusions and Recommendations.
Country Program Evaluation: Bolivia (2004-2007)
Authors:   Inter American Development Bank
Published: March 2024

This document (RE-340) reports on the Bank's program with Bolivia over the period 2004-2007. To do this the programmatic intent of the Bank was assessed. Given the rapidly changing country environment, and the difficulties for the Bank in terms of programming and approving operations, the evaluation's strategy was to focus on selected sectors. These areas were chosen because they represented sectors in which the Bank has had a substantive role in the past as well as areas in which the Bank is increasing its presence and is expected to continue to do so in the future. The thematic approach also serves to highlight the nature of the Bank's value added for the country, and the importance of this value added for the Bank's program. The paper offers a set of recommendations which are designed to address the quality of the Bank's engagement with Bolivia.
Country Program Evaluation: Chile (2006-2010)
Authors:   Inter American Development Bank
Published: March 2024

This Country Program Evaluation (RE-380-1) covers the period 2006 to 2010. The document is organized in chapters as follows: Program Context; The Program with the Bank; Country Program Results; Delivery of the Program; Main Risks for the New Program; and Conclusions and Recommendations. Recommended measures to better align the Bank's strategy focus to the country's support vision include: 1) Pursue actions to preserve and deepen the Bank's value-added to reduce coordination and market failures in public program delivery; 2) Adapt the programming model so the guiding consideration in the Bank's work planning will be the impact of its engagement on the country;s development challenges; 3) Pursue the creation of a knowledge finance vehicle for Chile not associated with loans, as a separate Bank product; 4) Improve portfolio continuity risk management; 5) Explicitly map out in the Country Strategy a complementary finance strategy and a system for engagement with the private sector with an emphasis on MSMEs.
The Evaluation of the New Lending Framework (2005-2008)
Authors:   Inter American Development Bank
Published: March 2024

This document (RE-342-1) presents an independent evaluation of the implementation of the New Lending Framework (NLF) covering the period 2005-2008. This evaluation is structured around the following 10 basic recommendations made to Management in the NLF document: Recommendation 1: Maintain the three lending categories. Recommendation 2: Establish flexible OC annual lending levels within a fixed total volume of lending per category over the 2005-2008 period. Recommendation 3: Continue to finance policy-based loans out of FSO resources for FSO-eligible countries. Recommendation 4: Make investment loans more flexible. Recommendation 5: Continue to provide emergency loans. Recommendation 6: Strengthen country programming to enhance country focus. Recommendation 7: Adopt a programmatic approach. Recommendation 8: Continue improving the development effectiveness of Bank programs and projects. Recommendation 9: Strengthen IDB Non-Financial Products and Technical Assistance. Recommendation 10: Strengthen analytical capacity.
Approach Paper: Country Program Evaluation: Mexico 2007-2011
Authors: Raw Silvia , Alonso Pablo , Sembler Jose Ignacio , Conroy Hector , Pecha Camilo , Beuermann Diether , Velarde Marco , Fevre Chloe
Published: March 2024

This approach paper describes the Country Program Evaluation (CPE) of IDB's assistance to Mexico during the five-year period 2007-2011, and it is expected to serve as input for preparation of the IDB's Country Strategy with Mexico for the period 2013-2018. In conducting CPEs, the IDB applies standard criteria of relevance, efficiency, and effectiveness. These criteria provide sufficient flexibility to organize the evaluation questions required for this work. The information used to prepare this CPE will be gathered from three main sources: (i) perceptions of government and IDB staff and users; (ii) an analysis of available empirical data; and (iii) an analysis of literature and CONEVAL studies. A consistency test will be performed using the triangulation process.
Country Program Evaluation: Guatemala: (2008-2011)
Authors: Szwedzki Roni , Vélez-Grajales Viviana , Arráiz Irani
Published: March 2024

This evaluation examines the IDB's Country Program with Guatemala for the 2008-2011 period. The assessment shows very positive results in terms of the program's relevance, consistency, and positioning. Delays in loan authorization by Guatemala's legislative branch may have diminished IDB's effectiveness, as the assistance program missed potential inter-related synergies between the program's different components. Despite some delays in project authorization and execution, OVE was able to document positive results from the Mi Familia Progresa program and from projects approved under previous strategies, particularly in basic infrastructure. The global financial crisis starting in 2008 led to the disbursement of policy-based loans (PBLs) without conditionalities being met. As a consequence of these waivers, the effectiveness of these lending programs in supporting the country's development goals could have been affected. To strengthen IDB's effectiveness in Guatemala, OVE suggests to: (i) maintain the strategy design proposed in the pilot initiative implemented during 2008-2012; (ii) maintain the use of investment instruments; (iii) match the portfolio size to the country's current institutional capacity; (iv) increase the focus on helping the Government of Guatemala in overcoming the institutional weaknesses that limit the timely use of resources; and (v) minimize the use of waivers in relation to PBLs.
MIF Evaluation: Development of Venture Capital
Authors:   Inter American Development Bank
Published: March 2024

The objective of this report (MIF/GN-78-11) is to present the results of the evaluation of the initiative taken by the MIF to support Venture Capital Development in the region. The point of departure for this evaluation was to look at the international experience in SME/Venture Capital development and the benefits that this dynamic segment can bring to the economy as a whole. order to proceed with the evaluation, a special methodological framework was developed by OVE to capture the specific characteristics of MIF interventions. Also an initial estimate of its entire project portfolio was done, identifying the main thematic project groups for which common reference points could be established and meaningful lessons could be drawn. The evaluation was initiated in 2002, covering four groups of projects: (i) Financial Reform, (ii) Capital Markets; (iii) Microfinance; and (iv) Alternative Dispute Resolution. These four groups represented 134 projects from 16 countries with a total approved value US$159.75 millions of MIF resources.
Evaluation of MIF Projects: Environment
Authors:   Inter American Development Bank
Published: March 2024

This report (MIF/GN-78-13) is the outcome of evaluation of a group of 17 MIF environment projects, as part of the work program of the Office of Evaluation and Oversight (OVE) to evaluate MIF activities, following the mandate of its Donors Committee. The report is structured in accordance with the steps established in the evaluation framework developed by OVE to examine MIF activities. Chapter I describes the context in which environment projects were carried out in the region. Chapter II traces the development of the strategic framework under which the projects were designed, and the role played by the MIF. Chapter III relates the findings of the analysis and evaluation of the group of projects. Lastly, Chapter IV presents the main conclusions based on the factual data of the analysis in the previous chapter, and identifies the principal opportunities for MIF action in this thematic area.
Evaluation Report: Action Plan for Group C and D Countries
Authors:   Inter American Development Bank
Published: March 2024

In 1997, the Board of Executive Directors approved funding for a special program to improve the capacity of C and D countries to make effective use of Bank financing. The ultimate purpose of this initiative was to help the Bank and these countries to achieve the financing goals established in the Bank's Seventh Replenishment Exercise. The purpose of this evaluation (RE-242) by the Office of Evaluation and Supervision (OVE) is to examine the effectiveness of the execution mechanisms employed to achieve planned objectives. It should be noted that, due to the short time that has elapsed since the Plan was initiated, it has not been possible to assess the impact of its activities on the capacity of the 19 C and D countries to absorb Bank financing.
Evaluation of Innovative Bank Projects that Work with Non-Governmental Organizations
Authors:   Inter American Development Bank
Published: March 2024

This purpose of this report (RE-285) is to evaluate whether the Bank is implementing the program to strengthen civil society organizations (CSOs), as indicated by the Board of Directors to the IDB in the document GN-1883-5. OVE chose to review the Bank's relationship with NGOs because NGOs are becoming so numerous in Latin America, and because they often combine the efforts of many community based efforts in order to have a greater impact. The projects chosen for evaluation were from Brazil, Uruguay, Peru, Colombia and Ecuador and each one illustrates one or more of the activities outlined by the Board in 1995. This report synthesizes the results of five developed case studies (available on the OVE website).
Evaluation of the Quality of Economic Analysis for Projects Approved 1997-2006
Authors:   Inter American Development Bank
Published: March 2024

The Bank has put more emphasis both on ensuring the quality of its economic analysis and on optimizing its performance in terms of results. In keeping with this shift, OVE took on the task of evaluating the quality of economic analysis. To do so, it developed an instrument that established a series of performance indicators for economic analysis, based on international best practices. These were analyzed in a sample of 190 projects approved between 1997 and 2006 that are proportionally representative of the Bank's universe of projects in the period by sector and country. The findings of this analysis were supplemented through surveys and interviews of Bank staff and their government counterparts in an attempt to identify possible explanations. This document (RE-346-2) presents the framework for the evaluation, and its primary results and findings.
Country Program Evaluation: Uruguay (2005-2009)
Authors: Crespo Anna Risi Vianna
Published: March 2024

This evaluation examines the IDB's Country Program with Uruguay for the 2005-2009 period. The engagement of the IDB with Uruguay during this period was relevant as the Program's objectives were aligned with the government¿s priorities, particularly regarding fiscal sustainability and social safety nets. The Country Strategy called for the IDB¿s involvement in more areas than it ultimately engaged in, as the focus turned to challenges that emerged from the 2002 financial crisis, drawing attention away from challenges related to growth. To make the IDB's engagement with Uruguay more effective, the institution should: (i) consider knowledge as a strategic outcome of the Country Program by establishing an ongoing agenda to analyze where action is needed, how to act in those areas, and the goals sought; (ii) improve the evaluability and evaluation of the IDB's contribution; (iii) complement the Program's eminently sector-oriented approach (centered around financial resources) with a more coordinated approach that better accommodates the needs of Uruguay, which are increasingly programmatic and cross-cutting involving sector stakeholders, government levels, and the private sector; (iv) achieve greater programmatic focus on sustainable growth; and (v) address issues of equity and income inequality.
Assessment of Port Performance and Port Connectivity Study in Belize, Central America and the Dominican Republic
Authors:   Inter American Development Bank
Published: March 2024

This study focuses on identifying the basic logistics capabilities in Belize, Central America and the Dominican Republic. It concentrates on the ports and sea network, taking into consideration intermodal networks involving both land and sea components together with the major performance drivers of intermodal networks including geography, infrastructure, regulations and trade requirements
IDB-9: Operational Performance and Budget
Authors: West George , Velarde Marco , Soriano Alejandro
Published: March 2024

In IDB-9 the Board of Governors of the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) mandated the adoption of a results-based budgeting process (RBB) that would be aligned to and would help achieve the key performance targets of the Corporate Results Framework (CRF), as well as improve accountability and transparency. In addition, they mandated the use of a Balanced Score Card Performance Management System (BSC) that would incorporate the results from an External Feedback System (EFS). The Governors also requested that the Bank continue its efforts to improve organizational efficiency. The IDB has made significant progress in improving the quality and availability of information related to the budget and the associated work program, and in developing and enhancing the systems to support the budget planning and monitoring process. Many of the actions defined in the RBB Framework document can be considered complete from a technical perspective, but the RBB is still a work in process. One major area that RBB planners underestimated was the effort and time it would take to create an organization that uses data to manage for results. This effort must involve all levels of Management and be accompanied by appropriate incentives. Work on this cultural change has started but will extend beyond the planned three-year RBB implementation period. The BSC effort resulted in organizational learning and the development of a number of performance indicators, but it failed to achieve its objective of implementing a BSC that would provide the Bank with a Strategic Planning and Management system to help ensure the alignment of business activities with organizational strategy and provide a focused, comprehensive perspective of the Bank¿s organizational performance.The EFS is just being restarted, and preliminary results are expected in early 2013. Work is under way to improve operational efficiency, but the RBB data provide limited support to this activity, as most of the efficiency indicators are related to cycle times and not budget. OVE provides several suggestions for future work: (i) increase the focus, attention, and resources devoted to the RBB change management process to help achieve the culture change needed to create an organization that "manages for results"; (ii) plan for the involvement of all levels of Management, use internal and external experts in this process, and recognize that the process will take time; (iii) with Human Resources, create and implement incentives to recognize and reward behavior and good practices that can change the Bank¿s culture; (iv) consider raising the sponsorship level of the RBB, possibly combining it with the Program Optima governance structure; (v) focus on creating a limited set of performance indicators that drive the Bank¿s business and that link to its strategy, objectives and priorities; and (vi) reexamine the budget process to identify key constraints (for example, the head count ceiling) and reexamine the timing of performance reporting and budget allocations/reallocations to ensure alignment.
Comprehensive Risk Management by Communities and Local Governments: Component III: Indicators and Other Disaster Risk Management Instruments for Communities and Local Governments
Authors: Hahn Herwig , Hidajat Ria , Villagrán de León Juan Carlos
Published: March 2024

This is the last version available of the present document that was commissioned by the Natural Disaster Network of the Regional Policy Dialogue. The aim of this study is to strengthen local governments, institutions and communities for undertaking disaster risk management, and establishing their complementarity in the national disaster management system. It is important to recognize the importance of local resources and initiatives in assessing the national capacity for disaster risk management. The concept of risk management applied in the study embodies: prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response, rehabilitation, and reconstruction. Within this approach, it considers as essential the analysis of risks as the basis to identify and define appropriate measures for reducing risks.
Approach Paper: Evaluation of the Results of the Realignment
Authors: Soldano Miguel , Fryer Michelle , Tetreault Alayna , Alonso Pablo , Schijman Agustina , Crespo Anna Risi Vianna , Soares Tatiana Fontes , Morales Carlos , Rose Richard , Soriano Alejandro
Published: March 2024

The realignment was proposed to remedy the loss of relevance and presence of the Bank in Latin America and the Caribbean because it had been unable to adapt to: (i) greater access by the countries to alternative sources of financing, (ii) the appearance of new actors, such as subnational governments, responsible for investment decisions, (iii) the heterogeneous nature of the countries of the region, and (iv) pressures to obtain results more quickly. In this context, the Bank was perceived as slow and bureaucratic, with complicated and undifferentiated processes, products that were not very innovative or flexible, and technical capacity and know-how that were lagging behind. The Bank's loss of presence and relevance in the region had a negative impact on its capacity to influence the economic and social development of the region. The reforms associated with the realignment were aimed at sharpening the Bank's country and sector focuses and improving its organizational efficiency and effectiveness. According to the realignment documents, the achievement of those intermediate objectives translates into the attainment of the targets identified. In turn, this greater country and sector focus and organizational efficiency and effectiveness was expected to lead to a greater presence and relevance of the Bank in the region.
Educational Equity in Chile: Trends 1999-2011
Authors: Moreno Martín , Duarte Jesús , Bos María Soledad , Morduchowicz Alejandro
Published: March 2024

For over thirty years, Chile has been implementing reforms and policies aimed at improving educational efficiency, quality and equity. The latter has been of particular interest over the last decade. The quality and quantity of data available in Chile allows us to explore the evolution of learning gaps among students according to their socioeconomic background over increasingly longer periods of time. The findings of this study indicate positive changes in the distribution of learning achievement according to student socioeconomic level or, in other words, educational equity. However, the magnitude of these changes varies according to grade level and subject. Changes have been more notable in the fourth grade and in language than in the eighth grade and in math, and they have been minimal in the tenth grade. Furthermore, as a methodological contribution to studies on educational equity, we make use of a variety of tools in order to explore their consistency. Therefore, this document presents, in their respective sections: a) the results of national achievement tests from the past years and an analysis of trends in socioeconomic and academic segregation in schools; b) changes in the relationship of socioeconomic status to academic achievement between and within schools; and c) the evolution in learning gaps between students from different socioeconomic backgrounds.
Country Program Evaluation: Jamaica (2003-2008)
Authors: Raw Silvia
Published: March 2024

This Country Program Evaluation (RE-365) covers the period 2003-2008, which was marked by the consequences of Jamaica's financial crisis which had erupted in 1995. During the crisis, the Bank remained the major multilateral partner engaged in the country. However, it underestimated the impact of the crisis, which left a legacy of debt overhang that continues to dominate and constrain the country's performance. Specifically, the Bank failed to recognize until quite late that the need to meet debt payments would require strong adjustment measures, undermining the public investment program. In light of Jamaica's continuing high level of public debt and economic vulnerabilities, the Country Program Evaluation makes a series of recommendations which are detailed in the paper.
Country Program Evaluation: Barbados 2010-2013
Authors: Marto Ricardo , Fryer Michelle , Conroy Hector , Scholl Lynn , Sadeghi Patricia , Di Tata Juan Carlos , Stone Leslie F.
Published: March 2024

This Country Program Evaluation (CPE) is the third independent evaluation of the Inter-American Development Bank's (IDB's) Country Program with Barbados. This CPE spans December 2009 to October 2013, a period marked by a substantial increase in central government debt and decreasing tourism receipts. Over this time the Bank favored the use of fast-disbursing instruments, including in its portfolio two programmatic policy-based loans in the energy sector. The evaluation is structured in four chapters. Chapter 1 analyzes the economic developments of the Barbadian economy over 2009-2013 and considers the medium-term prospects. Chapter 2 analyzes the strategic and financial relevance of the Bank's program and covers the major implementation challenges the country and the Bank have faced in recent years. Chapter 3 discusses the results achieved in the four strategic areas identified in the 2009-2013 Country Strategy and also in the public sector modernization and private sector development areas from the 2005-2009 Country Strategy. Chapter 4 presents concluding remarks and recommendations. The annexes provide the figures that support the analysis in Chapters 1, 2, and 3.