bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vulnérabilité et adaptation face aux risques environnementaux
Authors: NAVARRO CARRASCAL Oscar
Published: March 2024

Les enjeux environnementaux et écologiques actuels placent au centre des préoccupations le rôle du comportement humain dans la dégradation des écosystèmes et de l’équilibre planétaire. Dans ce contexte, la psychologie environnementale s’intéresse à apporter un regard complémentaire sur la vulnérabilité face aux risques et une compréhension sur les stratégies d’adaptation identifiées ou mobilisées par les populations pour se protéger. Cette discipline permet d’étudier comment les gens évaluent, se représentent et agissent face aux risques, en analysant les dimensions psychologiques, socioculturelles et contextuelles qui interviennent dans la définition du risque et des actions pour y faire face. L’adaptation devient ainsi un objet central pour se protéger, individuellement et/ou collectivement, des risques environnementaux.
Dans ce chapitre nous présentons l’approche psycho-environnementale d’évaluation et gestion des risques environnementaux, ainsi que le rôle d’un certain nombre de dimensions telles que la perception des risques, la vulnérabilité perçue et la confiance dans les institutions. Des illustrations seront apportées sur des cas de risques dans le contexte colombien.
Desertores de colonialidade
Authors: LEAL DE BARROS Mariana
Published: March 2024

Este capítulo aborda como jovens lideranças negras e indígenas dedicadas à luta socioambiental no Brasil são emblemáticas para discutirmos os impactos subjetivos da emergência climática. Engajam-se na luta de forma a trazer a periferia ao centro do debate, denunciam as condições desiguais no enfrentamento aos efeitos das mudanças do clima e reconhecem epistemologias silenciadas que contribuem para que trilhemos caminhos incentivos nesta batalha. Fortalecidas pelo reconhecimento de lutas comuns e inspiradas por um repertório ancestral de resistência, estas lideranças oferecem pistas inventivas e reparadoras. Elaboram trauma enquanto tecem futuro.
Ritournelle de la torture
Authors: CAPLAN Raúl
Published: March 2024

Les dictatures des années 1970-1980 dans le Cône Sud (Argentine, Brésil, Uruguay, Chili, Paraguay) ont fait un usage systématique de la torture dans leurs centres de détention clandestins. Les prisonniers arrivaient cagoulés, et cette situation se prolongeait le plus souvent « tout au long de leur séjour ». Cela permettait aux geôliers de garder leur anonymat, d’empêcher les échanges visuels entre les prisonniers, de les faire vivre dans une peur et une insécurité constantes, d’affaiblir leurs défenses, et d’altérer leur psyché. Cette situation imposée aux prisonniers a eu également un effet non recherché par les tortionnaires : elle a induit une sensibilité accrue aux sons, la perception auditive étant le seul moyen pour ces prisonniers d’avoir des informations sur ce qui les entourait.
Nous nous intéresserons aux rôles joués par les sons, la musique, et le silence dans la reconstruction mémorielle de ce passé. Notre corpus se limite à des textes d’auteurs uruguayens écrits des années 1980 à nos jours : témoignages, mémoires, récits autobiographiques, œuvres de « non fiction ». On observera l’importance de l’ouïe dans les processus mémoriels individuels, parfois comme déclencheur de souvenirs enfouis et douloureux, parfois comme pansement, parfois comme métaphore de l’indicible ou comme tentative de raconter la torture par d’autres moyens que la parole.
En contra del olvido
Authors: ÁLVAREZ MARTÍNEZ Guadalupe
Published: March 2024

En las dos novelas que abordará esta investigación mostraremos que la escritura desapropiada y la no-ficción presentes en el trabajo de archivo y testimonial que realiza la autora se entremezclan con la escritura del yo, pues somos testigos del proceso emocional que la escritora ha realizado para rescatar la historia de su familia y la vida de su hermana, respectivamente.
Ficción de archivo
Authors: ARECO Macarena
Published: March 2024

Este artículo trata sobre una modalidad narrativa a la que he llamado ficción de archivo, la cual se caracteriza por la destacada presencia de imágenes; la yuxtaposición de historia y ficción y muchas veces de autoficción; y la importancia que normalmente tienen en la trama la realización de una pesquisa relacionada con la familia y la historia, además de las migraciones, los viajes y el exilio. En este tipo de relatos, que incluso podrían considerarse un subgénero, los documentos producen un “efecto de realidad” (Barthes 1987), pues mimetizan la capacidad del archivo de “tocar lo real” (Farge 1991). No obstante, al mismo tiempo, debido al carácter fragmentario, poco nítido o circunstancial de las imágenes, cuestionan la posibilidad cierta de dar cuenta de lo efectivamente ocurrido.
Los relatos autobiográficos de Edgardo Scott
Authors: ROGER Julien
Published: March 2024

Este artículo se enfoca en Cassette virgen, una colección de cuentos autobiográficos de Edgardo Scott, publicada en 2021, a partir del corpus teórico de G. Genette, D. Cohn y Ph. Gasparini. “Los relatos de Cassette virgen no están presididos ni organizados por las leyes de la ficción sino por los efectos, ritmos, tonos y accidentes que se funden en la escritura de una voz” (Cassette virgen 14). Analizamos esta voz, postulando que la no-ficción autobiográfica de Edgardo Scott entra en el campo literario, por la invención del recuerdo, cruzando entonces la frontera ficción/no-ficción mediante la recreación de un palimpsesto que se sitúa en un más allá del referente.
Celtic plough and land use based on agricultural tool finds from the oppidum of Velem-Szent Vid
Authors: Tankó Károly , Kovács András
Published: March 2024

The paper focuses on a group of finds obtained recently in a metal detector survey in the area of Velem-Szent Vid. Most artefacts found in the late La Tène oppidum are agricultural tools. They are the most important archaeological evidence available to us for reconstructing the agricultural equipment used during the Late Iron Age and, based on them, food production techniques. Diverse tools were utilised in specific agricultural processes. The plough, the most important tool of soil cultivation, and its components are discussed in the study, and an attempt is made to draw conclusions about the ways of land use in the Late Iron Age based on plough part finds from Celtic contexts.
Recently discovered early medieval grave from Serbin
Authors: Sokolov Pavel , Gulyás Bence
Published: March 2024

An early medieval burial was found in Serbin (Krasnodar Krai, Slaviansk-na-Kubani District, Russia) in 2023. The grave contained a battle knife, analogies to which are known not only from Eastern Europe but also Inner Asia and Southern Siberia, emphasizing the vivid connections maintained throughout the Eurasian steppe in the second half of the first millennium AD. Grave 2023/3 of Serbin could be dated to the second half or last third of the 7th century AD.
Obsidian-tipped Spears from the Admiralty Islands in the Oceania Collection of the Museum of Ethnography in Budapest
Authors: Péntek Attila , Faragó Norbert
Published: March 2024

The authors studied 36 obsidian-tipped spears in the Oceania collection of the Museum of Ethnography in Budapest. In addition to describing the objects from the Admiralty Islands collected before 1897, the paper provides a summary of the related ethnographic information, including the technological and technical details of spear point making and the characterisation of the obsidian raw material used.The blades used for making the obsidian points presented in this study showed no sign of standardisation (an indicator of advanced blade technology) in the spear point-making process. According to 19th-century ethnographic sources, the functional part of the points was the most important, and much time and effort were invested in ensuring that the blades were effective weapons. Later, as a sign of decline, primary production of obsidian blades ceased, and manufacturers started scavenging old artefacts and utilising waste and by-products. As a result, the blades decreased in size and became more irregular, and an increasingly large number included parts of the cortex, the crust of obsidian. After 1911, the relative importance of decoration increased, and the type became more standardised.The irregular shape of the spear points presented in the study and the thin, weak shafts with an awkward curvature raise questions about whether the spears were actual weapons. At the same time, the artistic decoration of the mounting sockets and ethnographic parallels suggest that the pieces in the collection were likely status objects instead.
Этика и животные. Введение
Authors: Груэн Лори
Published: March 2024

Книга представляет собой увлекательный рассказ об этике животных. Лори Груэн сопоставляет острые и провокационные примеры из практики со спорами в этической теории, призывая читателей к критическому и при этом пронизанному эмпатией осмыслению наших отношений с другими животными. Предлагая новый взгляд на ключевые дебаты в области взаимодействий человека и животных, Груэн объясняет сложные темы, которые побуждают читателей оттачивать этическую рефлексию и вырабатывать обоснованную позицию в отношении собственной практики. Издание адресовано широкому кругу читателей. Оно также станет бесценным подспорьем для студентов, изучающих этику, экологию, ветеринарию и другие дисциплины, связанные с исследованиями животных.
Hydrogen production from sodium borohydride using Co nanoparticles
Authors: Rukiye Öztekin , Delia Teresa Sponza
Published: March 2024

In this study, hydrogen [H2(g)] production from sodium borohydride (NaBH4) using cobalt (Co) nanoparticles (NPs) was investigated with a hydrolysis process. Optimum experimental conditions were examined at different hydrolysis times (5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90 min), at different hydrolysis temperatures (25, 35, 45, and 65oC), and at increasing Co NPs nanocatalyst concentrations (5, 15 and 30 mg/l) at pH = 13.0, respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analyses were performed for characterization studies. H2(g) measurements were made in gaschromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The maximum 81% H2(g) yield was observed before the hydrolysis process after 90 min, at pH = 13.0, at 25 oC. The maximum H2(g) yields were recorded as 98% after 45 min hydrolysis times at 45 oC, at a pH of 13.0. 99% H2(g) yields were found after 14 min hydrolysis times, at pH a pH of 13.0 at 65 oC. The maximum NaBH4 concentration and using Co NPs concentrations were kept constant at 300 mg/l and 1.5 mg/l, respectively.
Post burn and bilateral inflammatory breast cancer: Three case reports from one patient
Authors: Ashraf Nour , Hamdan Swellmein , Hameed Jawad , Khaled Abdelhady
Published: March 2024

Inflammatory Breast Cancer (IBC) is the most aggressive form of primary breast cancer. IBC has an incidence of approximately 2.5 cases per 100,000 women. Malignant neoplasms arising from burn scars are well-known but rarely encountered. The subject was reviewed in a comprehensive publication that reviewed the literature between 1923 and 2007 and found 412 well-documented cases of squamous cell carcinoma (71%), basal cell carcinoma (12%), melanoma (6%), sarcoma (5%), other neoplasms (4%), squamo-basal cell carcinoma (1%), and squamous cell-melanoma (1%). In 2008, two cases were reported by Losanof, et al. both female, who were diagnosed with advanced breast cancer many years after severe thermal injury to their breasts. Bilateral synchronous or metachronous breast cancer is well-known and documented except for IBC. To our knowledge, our search using Medline and other searches did not reveal any post-burn IBC or bilateral IBC cases reported in the literature that occurred till 2006. There are only 2 cases reported in 2010 and 2016. We report our 3 case reports presented from one patient; who was diagnosed in 2006; a case of post-burn breast cancer, and to our knowledge the first case report of post-burn IBC type and a rare case report of bilateral metachronous IBC.
Bulk RNAseq - University of Minnesota TMCs v1
Authors: J Niedernhofer Laura
Published: March 2024

Bulk RNA sequencing is the method of choice for transcriptomic analysis of pooled cell populations, tissue sections, or biopsies. It measures the average expression level of individual genes across hundreds to millions of input cells and is useful to get a global idea of gene expression differences between samples. The following protocol was used after RNA isolation, purification and concentration for Bulk RNAseq analysis. Library preparation and sequencing was completed in collaboration with the University of Minnesota Genomics Center.
GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiler (DSP) Protocol - University of Minnesota TMCs v1
Authors: J Niedernhofer Laura
Published: March 2024

The nanoString GeoMx‱Digital Spatial Profiler (DSP) is a platform that allows high-plex profiling at the protein and RNA level, providing spatial and temporal assessment of tumors in frozen or formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded limited tissue sample. The following protocols/manuals were used at the University of Minnesota TMCs in collaboration with the University of Minnesota Genomics Center.
RNA Slide Preparation Protocol (FFPE) for nanostring DSP - GeoMx - Human Breast samples v1
Authors: Martin Nicolas
Published: March 2024

This protocol is designed for RNA slide preparation for formalin-fixed tissue.
RNA Slide Preparation Protocol (FFPE) for nanostring DSP - GeoMx - Human Ovary samples v1
Authors: Martin Nicolas
Published: March 2024

This protocol is designed for RNA slide preparation for formalin-fixed tissue.
Triparental mating with pSEVA protocol v1
Authors: Gómez Laura
Published: March 2024

This process involves bacterial conjugation, where a conjugative plasmid found in one bacterial strain facilitates the transfer of a mobilizable plasmid from a second bacterial strain to a third bacterial strain. In the method from our lab, CC118λpir containing a pSEVA plasmid works as the donor, the E. coli 1047 pRK2013 strand is the helper, and the receiver is a C. rodentium strand.
Applying Laplace Transformation on Epidemiological Models as Caputo Derivatives
Authors: Gkrekas Nikolaos
Published: March 2024

This paper delves into the application of fractional calculus, with a focus on Caputo derivatives, in epidemiological models using ordinary differential equations. It highlights the critical role Caputo derivatives play in modeling intricate systems with memory effects and assesses various epidemiological models, including SIR variants, demonstrating how Caputo derivatives capture fractional-order dynamics and memory phenomena found in real epidemics. The study showcases the utility of Laplace transformations for analyzing systems described by ordinary differential equations with Caputo derivatives. This approach facilitates both analytical and numerical methods for system analysis and parameter estimation. Additionally, the paper introduces a tabular representation for epidemiological models, enabling a visual and analytical exploration of variable relationships and dynamics. This matrix-based framework permits the application of linear algebra techniques to assess stability and equilibrium points, yielding valuable insights into long-term behavior and control strategies. In summary, this research underscores the significance of Caputo derivatives, Laplace transformations, and matrix representation in epidemiological modeling. We assume that by using this type of methodology we can get analytic solutions by hand when considering a function as constant in certain cases and it will not be necessary to search for numerical methods.
The Influence of Space Standards on Housing Typologies: The Evolution of the Nuclear Family Dwelling in England
Authors: Alonso Aranda Lucia
Published: March 2024

This article explores the evolution of dwelling typologies in London, examining how regulations and standards have transformed housing layouts and indirectly informed personal and social interactions at home. Housing policy of the past century, as reflected through space standards, type plans, housing manuals, and reports, reveal a socio-political agenda of promoting nuclear family dwellings, traditionally a household of parents and their children. This article contributes to this discussion by exploring the contextual drivers, spatial reasoning, and evidence underpinning the decisions of housing reports such as the Tudor Walters Report (1918), the Dudley Report (1944), and the Parker Morris Report (1961). Changes in household structures can be seen through regulations: from multiple families sharing a house, to the separation of individual families into single homes, to prioritising the individual over the family unit. This article analyses how five historical moments in which typological shifts promoted nuclear family dwellings that have determined spatial hierarchies and family dynamics around cooking, eating, and socialising. Similarly, societal shifts in housing expectations, such as the changing perceptions of social status symbols, privacy, gender roles, and household dynamics have contributed to the spatial arrangement and layout of homes. By shedding light on the socio-technical transformations, this research highlights the need for innovative design solutions and evidence-based space standards to meet contemporary needs.
DEVELOPMENT OF RISK ASSESSMENT METHODS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF EXPLORATION PROJECTS
Authors: Imamov R. R.
Published: March 2024

The peculiarity of oil and gas projects is their long implementation period, during which they are subject to the influence of a large number of different risk factors that complicate project implementation and result in failure to achieve the planned economic indicators set by investors. The effective operation of companies therefore depends on how reliably investors can predict the prospects for project development. The success of the subsequent functioning of the investment project depends to a large extent on the reliability of the assessment of the effectiveness of the investment project, based on the optimally chosen strategy of its development, and, above all, on the anticipation of possible risk factors and tools for their prevention. Therefore, at present, the competitive struggle in the oil and gas production industry is currently shifting to the area of pre-project preparation of investment projects and increasing the reliability (quality) of their economic efficiency assessment at the stage of making a decision to start their implementation.

Geological risks become important in the implementation of exploration projects, the first stage in the overall process of developing the Company's assets.  It is necessary to find a balance between the cost of project implementation and the amount of accumulated hydrocarbons for the forecast period, which will ensure maximum profitability of the project. The challenge to optimize the financial outlay on the implementation of geological exploration works by focusing on the most promising and important projects for companies becomes relevant. In this regard, the article considers the methodological approaches proposed by the author to assess the risks of exploration with the aim of improving the efficiency of the planning process and reducing inefficient financial costs.
THE USE OF DIGITAL TWINS TO IMPROVE THE OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY IN THE EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES
Authors: Svadkovsky V. A.
Published: March 2024

The article examines the impact of Digital Twins on the business processes of mining companies. Mining companies can optimise their operations, from stripping and mining to enrichment and transportation. By modelling different scenarios, identifying bottlenecks and making informed decisions, companies can improve resource efficiency, reduce downtime and increase productivity, making a positive impact on their operational efficiency. Predictive maintenance strategies implemented with the help of Digital Twins help increase efficiency by minimising unexpected equipment failures and maximising uptime.

The main technological effects of the use of Digital Twins in the mining industry, which affect the operational efficiency of the company, are: (1) an increase in the volume of output of commercial products after coal enrichment; (2) an increase in the coefficient of output to the production line of mining equipment.

These effects lead to an improvement in the operating efficiency of the mining company, which increases indicators such as EBITDA and cash balance at the end of the period. This impact on operating efficiency is achieved by increasing the volume of commercial products, improving the efficiency of production processes, and by reducing the fixed and operating costs of the business.

In order to assess the impact of the use of Digital Twin technology on mining companies, a methodology has been developed to assess the impact of the use of Digital Twin technology on mining companies. According to the results of the survey, a number of key production processes have been identified where the introduction of a Digital Twin is expected to have an impact.

As a result of the empirical study, the expected increase in EBITDA from the implementation of the Digital Twin was 28%, the actual increase in EBITDA over the study period was 21%. The expected increase in free cash at the end of the period was + 593 million rubles (+130%), the actual increase in free cash for the period under study was 441 million rubles (+96%).

The introduction of Digital Twins in mining companies has shown great potential for improving operational efficiency and solving complex challenges facing the industry.
Applied cratology and the political process through the prism of the scientific heritage of E. I. Kozlova
Authors: Komarova V. V.
Published: March 2024

The will of the multinational people of Russia is the basis of the political process of a modern state. The values enshrined in the Constitution of the Russian Federation are a guideline for the political process, legal consolidation of goals and objectives facing the state and civil society; the basis for specific legal regulation and act as a criterion for balancing various interests. The article analyzes the creative heritage of Professor E. I. Kozlova in terms of her study of fundamental issues of the theory of democracy and various forms of its manifestation and mechanisms of implementation. Over the course of many years of her creative life, Ekaterina Ivanovna Kozlova has studied the evolution of the conceptual foundations of democracy in the Russian Federation, the quintessence of which is the will of the people. In light of the constitutional amendments of 2020 and the digitalization of state and public life, ideas, fears and judgments about the significance of the will of the people of the classics of state (constitutional) law take on a new meaning. The institutionalization of the political process and its legal concept is the basis of the modern theory of practical cratology. The author’s vision of the constitutional design of the foundations, tasks and subjects of the political process is proposed.
US Human Rights Concept
Authors: Berlyavsky L. G. , Dudko I. G.
Published: March 2024

The article examines the main stages in the development of the concept of human rights in the United States of America. The evolution of the traditional concept of human rights is traced, starting with the positions of the «Founding Fathers» of the United States. A classification of decisions of the US Supreme Court made on the basis of the natural law theory of constitutional interpretation is presented. The significant influence of the theory of natural law on the formation of American constitutionalism and, especially, judicial practice is noted. The features of the modernist concept of human rights in the United States, which is based on the idea of protecting private property as the foundation of individual freedom, are analyzed. The conclusion is formulated about the absence in the modern US constitutional doctrine of recognition of the fundamental importance of rights of a social, economic and cultural nature. The features of the official «progressive agenda», mandatory for the whole world, are revealed, which consists of the following provisions: desovereignization, antinatalism, and a negative attitude towards the family, in the traditional sense. The article presents a general description of the American concept of human rights.
Trends in the development of the Institute of judicial power through the prism of scientific works by E. I. Kozlova
Authors: Beniaminova S. A.
Published: March 2024

The article attempts a chronological analysis of the adoption of normative legal acts that are the source of such an institution of constitutional law of the Russian Federation as the judiciary in order to identify trends in its development. The author, using the theoretical developments of Professor E. I. Kozlova regarding the objective conditionality of the complexity of the structure of the legal institution, the expansion and detailing of constitutional legal norms, tries to identify those factors that lead to the transformation of the legal matter in modern Russia. Recognizing the wellfounded conclusions made by an outstanding scientist back in the Soviet period, the author concludes that the influence of the highlighted E. I. Kozlova considers such a factor as the maturity of public relations for the development of the institution of judicial power in modern conditions, as well as the simplification of the structure of the institution of judicial power in connection with the exclusion from its elemental composition of the Supreme Arbitration Court of the Russian Federation, constitutional (statutory) courts of the subjects of the Russian Federation, which is associated with the ongoing search for an optimal model of judicial power in a transitional stage the development of the Russian state and society and modern geopolitical changes.
Scientific heritage of E. I. Kozlova and its importance for the development of the Russian doctrine of public authority
Authors: Titova E. V. , Koneva N. S.
Published: March 2024

The article is dedicated to analyzing the research activities of Ekaterina Ivanovna Kozlova in the context of contemporary challenges in constitutional law and the formation process of the domestic doctrine of public power. The article conducts a profound examination of E. I. Kozlova’s scientific legacy, addressing issues relating to popular sovereignty, patterns of forming the people’s will, as well as the characteristics of the representative nature of state bodies, municipal, and public representation. As a result of the analysis, key features of the constitutional structure of public power were identified, including shifts in the balance between general and detailed regulations when establishing the fundamentals of societal organization and the core values of society. Conclusions were drawn regarding the potential for further detailed elaboration and clarification of constitutional norms pertaining to the category of “public power”. These findings underscore the importance of continuing research in the field of constitutional law and advancing the understanding of public power within the context of contemporary challenges and the needs of Russian society.
Procedural norms and their significance in the implementation of the competence of representative bodies
Authors: Sadovnikova G. D.
Published: March 2024

On the eve of the centenary of the birth of Professor E. I. Kozlova, who devoted her scientific life to the study of the problems of democracy and the forms of its implementation, attention should be paid to the problem of improving the mechanisms of parliamentary activity, which she repeatedly raised in her writings of the soviet period. Revealing the legal nature and essence of the representative bodies of the soviet period — the soviets of workers’ deputies, later — the Soviets of People’s deputies, in the post-Soviet period — parliaments, E.I. Kozlova emphasized the enduring importance of the procedures of the representative bodies. Analyzing the scientific heritage of Professor E. I. Kozlova, the author substantiates the relevance of the scientist’s conclusions and proposals for modern representative bodies, defines some directions for the development of the scientist’s ideas.
Transient idiopathic perivascular inflammation of the carotid artery syndrome (TIPIC syndrome) is a rare variant of non-atherosclerotic arteriopathy
Authors: Belopasova Anastasia V. , Miglyachenko Polina S. , Chechetkin Andrey O. , Dreval Marina V. , Dobrynina Larisa A.
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND: Transient Idiopathic Perivascular Inflammation of the Carotid artery (TIPIC) or carotidynia is a clinical and radiological syndrome manifested as ipsilateral neck pain and an ipsilateral perivascular infiltrate according to ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. Due to the low awareness of physicians, this pathology is often mistakenly regarded as dissection or atherosclerosis of the carotid arteries, which leads to additional unnecessary diagnosis and treatment.
CLINICAL CASE DESCRIPTION: Here, we present a case of idiopathic carotidynia with a discussion of the diagnostic algorithm and management of patients with unilateral neck pain.
CONCLUSION: Timely and competently interpreted ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging studies of arteries is a key link in the diagnosis of carotidynia. The complete regression of symptoms and pathological changes in the arteries without a specific therapy classifies it as a benign variant of non-atherosclerotic arteriopathy.
Predicting severe pain after cesarean section: prospective cohort study
Authors: Shindyapina Nataliya V. , Marshalov Dmitry V. , Shifman Efim M. , Kuligin Alexander V.
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND: Severe and unbearable pain after abdominal delivery is recorded in 20% of cases, indicating the limitations of the applied methods of postoperative pain relief and the need for a personalized approach. Tests assessing preoperative pain threshold and anxiety have the greatest sensitivity and specificity as predictors of intense postoperative pain. The informative value of these tests in the Russian obstetric population has not been assessed.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the optimal method for predicting severe pain after cesarean section (CS).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective cohort study included 212 women who underwent elective CS under spinal anesthesia. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) anxiety rating scale, pressure algometry, and cutaneous infiltration anesthesia pain intensity assessment were used as predictors of high-intensity pain. Postoperative pain intensity was assessed using a 10-point Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). The maximum level of pain according to the central pain level at rest (NRSr) and during movement (NRSa) was recorded 24 hour postoperatively. The number of requests for “rescue analgesia” was recorded. The predictive value of the studied methods was determined based on ROC curve analysis.
RESULTS: Median (interquartile range) NRSa was 5 [4–5]. Severe pain was recorded in 14% of the patients. The area under the ROC-curve (AUC), reflecting the relationship between severe postoperative pain and pressure-pain threshold, was 0.91±0.03 with 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.84–0.97 (p 0.001). The relationship between pain intensity during infiltration anesthesia and postoperative pain severity had AUC=0.88 ± 0.04 with 95% CI of 0.81–0.96 (p 0.001). The HADS anxiety score demonstrated the lowest predictive ability (AUC=0.69±0.06; 95% CI, 0.81–0.96; p 0.001). When all three techniques were used together, the AUC was 0.924±0.024 with 95% CI 0.88–0.97 (p=0.001).
CONCLUSION: Preoperative pressure-pain threshold and pain severity during infiltration anesthesia are reliable predictors of severe pain after CS. Assessment of preoperative anxiety using HADS has low sensitivity and specificity. However, its use in conjunction with methods for assessing the pain threshold increases the predictive value of the combined model compared with the results of using the methods separately.
Current methods of perioperative analgesia for arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a literature review
Authors: Gorelov Danil V. , Babayants Andrey V. , Ovechkin Alexei M.
Published: March 2024

Arthroscopic knee joint surgery is becoming routine in modern orthopedics. Its advantages include minimal invasiveness, lower infection risk, and early rehabilitation. Despite the minimized surgical trauma, the postoperative period after some arthroscopic operations involving cruciate ligament surgery occurs with relatively severe pain syndrome. This warrants the search for novel pain relief methods for patients that meet all modern trends. This review presents data from randomized clinical studies and meta-analyses on the use of various anesthesias in arthroscopic cruciate ligament repair and discusses methods of prolonged postoperative analgesia. The limited number of studies on this issue and lack of systematic recommendations require prospective studies.
Erector spinae plane block as a component of intensive care for acute pancreatitis: a prospective randomized pilot study
Authors: Shapkin Mikhail A. , Sholin Ivan Y. , Cherpakov Rostislav A. , Suryakhin Victor S. , Koriachkin Victor A. , Safin Rustam R.
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND: Analgesia is crucial in the treatment of patients with acute pancreatitis, which includes the increased use of regional analgesia. In recent years, less-invasive and safer methods of pain relief, particularly erector spinae plane block (ESP-block), has drawn attention from the anesthesiological community. However, studies on its use in acute pancreatitis are rare.
OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to make a clinical evaluation of bilateral erector spinae plane block in patients with acute pancreatitis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A pilot prospective randomized study was conducted. The patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (n=7), ESP blockade was used, and group 2 (n=12), epidural analgesia (EA) was used. The primary points were considered to be an assessment of pain syndrome intensity and the need for analgesics. Additional results were liver and kidney function, acid-base condition, inflammatory response level, and the time of onset of peristalsis.
RESULTS: The decrease in pain intensity in both groups was unidirectional: after 8 h, it was 3.57±1.98 points to the NRS in group 1 and 2.91±1.97 points to the NRS in group 2, and after 24 h, it was 1.42±1.27 and 1.75±2.3 points to the NRS, respectively. No significant difference was found in pain intensity between the groups (р 0,05). The average consumption of ketorolac was 78.2±16.3 mg in group 2 — 63.28±17.23 mg for 1 patient. The average need for narcotic analgesics, that is, morphine, per patient was 22±8 mg in group 1 and 36.3±17.2 mg in group 2 (р 0,05). During the therapy, blood α-amylase, diuresis rate, creatinine level, and glomerular filtration rate did not have a significant difference between the groups, as well as pH, BE, and blood lactate levels (р 0,05). Peristalsis was noted after 12.49±19.73 h in the ESP-block group and after 16.9±21.3 h in the 2nd group (р 0,05). The ICU length of stay between the groups did not differ and was 62±3 and 62±7 h, respectively (р 0,05).
CONCLUSION: Bilateral erector spinae plane block is a simple and safe method that induces analgesic effect and effect on homeostasis in acute pancreatitis, similar to epidural blockade. Further study of the role and location of erector spinae plane block in treating pain in acute pancreatitis is required.
COVID-19 Tedavisinde Kullanılan İlaçlar ve Farmakokinetiği
Authors: Demirtürk Esra
Published: March 2024

Farmakokinetik, bir ilacın vücuda girme, dağılma, etki alanına ulaşma, etkisini gösterme ve atılma derecesi ve hızı dahil olmak üzere bu süreci kontrol eden tüm faktörlerle ilgilenir. Ayrıca bu süreç boyunca ilacın farklı kompartımanlardaki seviyesinin zamana bağlı olarak nasıl değiştiğini de inceler. Farmakokinetiğin birincil amacı hasta ve ilaçla ilgili kinetik parametreleri etkileyen değişkenleri belirlemek iken, ikincil amacı doz-konsantrasyon-zaman ilişkisindeki kinetik parametreleri tanımlamaktır. Bu nedenle, acil durumlarda veya özel popülasyonlarda kullanılan herhangi bir ilacın farmakokinetik parametreleri öğreticidir. COVID-19 bağlamında, kullanılan ilaçların farmakokinetiğini anlamak, optimum terapötik sonuçlara ulaşmak için çok önemlidir. Bu bilgi, COVID-19 hastaları için uygun dozajın, uygulama sıklığının ve tedavi süresinin belirlenmesine yardımcı olur. Farmakokinetik, potansiyel ilaç-ilaç etkileşimlerinin ve advers ilaç reaksiyonlarının olasılığının anlaşılmasında da rol oynar. Ayrıca, farmakokinetik çalışmalar COVID-19 için yeni tedavi stratejilerinin ve terapötik müdahalelerin geliştirilmesine yardımcı olabilir. Bu makalede, COVID 19 tedavisinde kullanılması gereken favipiravir, remdesivir, lopinavir, ritonavir, klorokin ve hidroksiklorokin için temel farmakokinetik parametreler açıklanmaktadır. Bu çalışma, çeşitli COVID-19 ilaçlarının farmakokinetiği hakkında bir bilgi tabanı sağlayacaktır.
People With Disabilities and Violent Victimization in the Heartland: Results from the First Phase of the West Virginia Community Quality of Life Survey
Authors: Hayes Brittany , DeKeseredy Walter , Nolan James
Published: March 2024

Studies of violent victimization in rural and remote parts of the U.S. are in short supply and the bulk of those done so far focus mainly on man-to-woman violence in intimate relationships among people without disabilities. There is, indeed, a major need to broaden the focus of rural victimological research to include violence against people with disabilities, which is the main objective of this article. Relying on original exploratory data generated by the first phase of the West Virginia Community Quality of Life Survey (WVCQLS), population estimates of four types of violent victimization are presented: stalking, sexual assault, intimate partner violence, and hate and bias assaults. The results show that a large number of rural West Virginia residents with disabilities experience these forms of victimization. Directions for further empirical and theoretical work are discussed.
First Documented Nesting of American White Pelicans (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos) in Ohio, USA
Authors: Buckingham Bruce N. , Kearns Laura J.
Published: March 2024

The discovery and documentation of a new breeding species in a defined area, such as a state, is a crucial first step in understanding the basic natural history of a species and its consequent needs for management and conservation. The American White Pelican has gradually expanded its breeding range from the prairies of North America into the Great Lakes region. While conducting a census on Herring Gulls (Larus argentatus) at least 4 nests of pelicans with either eggs or young were found. Further census showed a minimum of 12 almost fledged young. This report documents the first confirmed nesting of the American White Pelican in Ohio. This first nesting was observed in May 2023 on Turning Point Island, an artificial island in Sandusky Bay, Erie County, Ohio, in the western basin of Lake Erie. Continued nesting of pelicans in Ohio is expected in future years at this location and other suitable sites in the area. This species is likely to need future monitoring and management.
Staging and Grading of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Nagar Dr. Preeti , Sadiq Dr. Heena
Published: March 2024

Oral cancer is the 8th and 13th most common malignancy in the world for males and females, respectively. Globally, over 90% of malignancies affecting the mouth and maxillofacial region are oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC), 80-90% of which are associated with tobacco and alcohol use. The oral cavity being the first entry point for various carcinogens is a common site for occurrence of OSCC. The major subsites affected by OSCCs are the lips, anterior tongue, floor of mouth, buccal mucosa, upper and lower alveolar ridges, hard palate, and retromolar trigone. The 5-year survival rate from OSCCs has not significantly improved in the past 30 years, remaining at approximately 50%. These facts underscore the need to explore for factors with prognostic bearing in OSCCs in order to better tailor their individual management.
A to Z Biochemistry MCQ for All India Postgraduate Medical Entrance Examination
Authors: D.M. Dr. Chetan , H.L Dr. Raghavendra , B.R. Dr. Bharath
Published: March 2024

This set of MCQs based on the different topics of Biochemistry is made for the aspirants of PG Medical this set has very relevant questions and it covers MCQs in depth.

Salient features:

1.        The MCQs covered and designed from each letter in depth.

2.        Discover what students know about a topic prior to teaching. Design the MCQs based on that knowledge.

Involve students in higher-level thinking questions and extending activities
Dental Caries
Authors: Priya Dr. Swati , Kasana Dr. Pooja , Sadiq Dr. Heena
Published: March 2024

The one thing which brings patient to a dental surgeon is cavity formation be it big or small, painful or not. In simple terms it is dental caries. This book deals about each and every thing said and documented about the dental caries. This book is a 2 years of hard work put in by three like minded people, Dr. Swati Priya, Dr. Pooja Kasana, and Dr. Heena Sadiq. Hopefully this book will be interesting to read and helpful for postgraduate students in dentistry.
Etiopathogenesis of Oral Submucous Fibrosis
Authors: Mehrotra Dr. Hina , Shaikh Dr. Shahid , Sadiq Dr. Heena
Published: March 2024

Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSF) is a persistent, incapacitating malady of the oral cavity exemplified by inflammation and progressive fibrosis of the submucosal tissues i.e. the lamina propria and the deeper connective tissues. OSF is characterized by a sequential decrement in jaw opening with advancement of disease, mainly due to formation of fibrotic bands in the oral mucosa. The characteristic occurrence of OSF among Indians and other Asians has prompted many investigators to search for etiologic factors that may be a part of their diet or environment. Oral Submucous Fibrosis and related diseases are dealt in depth in oral pathology but there in depth etiopathogenesis which explains its origin is not very clear with the student groups. Since we felt strongly about this aspect of dental curriculum, we have tried to compile relevant literature on etiology and pathogenesis of Oral Submucous Fibrosis. This is not a place where we are claiming any original research. Here the target is the dental students of both undergraduate and post graduate level and other medical professionals who are interested. It is a comprehensive attempt to cover all the aspects of Etiopathogenesis Of Submucous Fibrosis. It is not a voluminous book so that the reader does not get brightened by its site. Criticism and constructive comments are welcome at heenasadiqpg@gmail.com We are greatly indebted to Dr. Heena Sadiq Tutor at Indira Gandhi Government Dental College and Hospital. Jammu, for her support and help in compiling the data.
मर्म विज्ञान का चिकित्सीय उपयोग
Authors: फुल्ल डाॅ. गौरव , फुल्ल डाॅ. रेखा
Published: March 2024

पुस्तक की मुख्य विशेषताएँ
1. यह सरल और व्यापक है।
2. इसमें पाठ्यक्रम में ब्ब्प्ड द्वारा उल्लिखित मर्म चिकित्सा के सभी विषय शामिल हैं।
3. मर्म चिकित्सा के स्थान और तकनीकों का वर्णन।
4. मर्म विज्ञान की वैज्ञानिक व्याख्या के साथ व्यावहारिक अनुप्रयोग शामिल है।
5. पुस्तक आयुर्वेद के चिकित्सकों, छात्रों और शिक्षकों के लिए फायदेमंद है।
6. इसमें कई नवीन अवधारणाएँ और अच्छी संख्या में रंगीन चित्र हैं।
The effect of hip shoulder width ratio and vertebral column length on sensory level in term participants posted for lower segment caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia in Indian population: A prospective observational study
Authors: Pisekar Kiran Kishor , Dongre Vaibhao , Rasalam Sherin , Chakravarthy Supriya , Shah Pratik
Published: March 2024

Hypotension is the most common complication of spinal anesthesia with high intrathecal spread of local anaesthetic drug especially during caesarean section. Hip Shoulder width Ratio (HSWR) is one of the factors which affects spread of spinal anaesthesia.

85 ASA II participants with singleton term pregnancy undergoing elective caesarean section received 12mg hyperbaric bupivacaine intrathecally with 26G Quincke’s spinal needle in L3-4 intervertebral subarachnoid space via midline approach. Post spinal anaesthesia haemodynamic parameters were monitored every 5 minutes for the first 20 minutes and at the end of surgery. Sensory level was assessed by a pinprick test every 5 minutes till 20 minutes and post-surgery. Hypotension was defined as 20% fall from baseline systolic blood pressure at 15 minutes post spinal anaesthesia.

We found significant positive correlation between high shoulder width ratio and highest sensory level achieved (p - 0.0005) using mutiple regression analysis and pearson's correlataion. With every unit increased in high shoulder width ratio spinal level significantly increased by 5 units. Hip shoulder width ration and age were significantly correlatwd with incidence of hypotension.

Hip-shoulder Width Ratio has a positive effect on cephalad spread of spinal anaesthesia and thus incidence of hypotension. By knowing the Hip-shoulder Width Ratio, it can help anaesthesiologists to predict the spread of spinal anaesthesia and titrate the dose of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine.
Comparison of post-operative analgesia with caudal Ropivacaine and Levobupivacaine in pediatric patients undergoing infraumbilical surgery under general anaesthesia
Authors: Hariharan Uma , Gupta Shashi Kumar , Nagpal Vijay Kumar , Wasnik Seema B
Published: March 2024

Post-operative pain relief following pediatric abdominal surgery is of paramount consideration and caudal block is still a popular, easy as well as safe analgesic technique for effective analgesia in children. With the advent of newer local anaesthetics, there has been a renewed interest in pediatric caudal blocks after lower abdominal surgeries following general anaesthesia. The aim of our study was to compare the efficacy and duration of postoperative analgesia using caudal Ropivacaine and Levobupivacaine in pediatric patients undergoing infraumbilical surgery under general anaesthesia.

: The study was conducted on sixty, ASA grade 1, pediatric patients of age 2 to 6 years, of either sex, posted for elective infraumbilical surgery under general anaesthesia. They were randomly divided in two groups of 30 patients each. Group 1: - (n = 30) received caudal block with injection Ropivacaine, 0.25%, 1ml/kg. Group 2: - (n = 30) received caudal block with injection Levobupivacaine, 0.25%, 1ml/kg.

Comparative, randomized, single blinded, observational study.

: The demographic data was comparable in both the groups. Postoperatively, the quality of analgesia was assessed by the MOP (Modified Objective Pain Scale) score. Duration of postoperative analgesia was assessed by noting the time of giving rescue analgesia in the post-operative period. We also noted side effects, if any in both the groups.

The quality of analgesia was found to be similar with both the drug groups (p value >0.05). The duration of analgesia was longer and statistically significant (p value = 0.0006) in the Ropivacaine group (8.43 ± 0.77 hours) as compared to the Levobupivacaine group (7.03 ± 2.03 hours). Statistically significant difference (P value = 0.026) was seen in the requirement rescue analgesia between Ropivacaine (3.33%) and Levobupivacaine (26.67%) groups. There were no major side effects in either of the groups, apart from a single patient out of 30 patients of Levobupivacaine group who had vomiting, compared with none in the Ropivacaine group.

We conclude that caudal block with 0.25% Ropivacaine has a longer duration of action as compared to 0.25% Levobupivacaine in children undergoing infraumbilical surgery under general anaesthesia. Both Ropivacaine and Levobupivacaine, have similar quality of postoperative analgesia and side effect profile.