bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bioremediation of Environmental Contaminants and Their Impact on Food Safety in the Food Production Chain
Authors: Lebelo K. , Mochane M.J. , Malebo N.J. , Masinde M.
Published: June 2023

Bioremediation is critical in eliminating and controlling environmental
contaminants in the ecosystem. This is crucial in the food industry where pollutants are
vast. The industry is moving towards novel sustainable food safety strategies and
techniques. Also, the nature-based solution should be at the forefront of innovations in
the food industry. This paper focuses on the application of bioremediation techniques
on chemical environmental contaminants and how the pollutants enter the food
production chain. Moreover, the impact of pollutants and the food safety risks on
humans and agricultural land are discussed.
Treatment of Distillery Wastewater by Bioremediation Technique: A Green and Sustainable Alternative
Authors: Jabin Shagufta , Kapoor J.K.
Published: June 2023

Distillery industries generate a considerable amount of wastewater, having a
high percentage of inorganic matter and organic compounds. Wastewater generated
from distillery industries is dark brown in colour. Untreated wastewater from distillery
industries have an adverse impact on the sustainability of the environment due to its
high pollutant concentration. Hence, distillery industry effluent requires urgent
attention for the minimization of toxic waste generation. Several technologies used in
the elimination of pollutants from wastewater include physico-chemical and
bioremediation techniques. Bioremediation technique is a simple, economical, and the
most potential technique. Among bioremediation methods, anaerobic, aerobic, and
various kinds of phytoremediation processes have been discussed here. Further, the
removal of contaminants by bacteria, fungi, and algae has also been mentioned. A large
amount of sludge generation by the anaerobic process also needs attention and proper
management. It also outlines the mechanism of the decolourization of melanoidin by
microorganisms. The role of different bioreactors in bioremediation technique has also
been discussed in detail. Keeping in view the applicability of different bioremediation
techniques discussed here for removal of melanoidin high biological oxygen demand
(BOD), high chemical oxygen demand (COD), a heavy concentration of suspended
solids, polysaccharide, lignin, protein and waxes, it is expected that this technique can
be useful for further treatment in a variety of wastewater from distillery industries.
Bioremediation of Pharmaceutical Waste
Authors: Cobongela Sinazo Z.Z.
Published: June 2023

Industrial production of pharmaceutical products is rising simultaneously
with the increase in the world population and urbanization. They are vital in the
treatment, prevention and control of diseases. Although pharmaceutical products play a
pivotal role worldwide, their disposal and subsequent toxic metabolites are causing
havoc in the environment. Accumulation of these hazardous pollutants in the
environment increases the chances of reaching and affecting communities. The
potential toxicity of these compounds includes the ability to be mutagens, carcinogens
and genotoxins. Remediation methods currently available to rejuvenate nature from
such wastes are generally expensive and may convert one toxin to another. Therefore,
the use of microorganisms for the bioremediation of pharmaceutical and toxic waste
has become an economical and effective alternative. Bioremediation techniques further
detoxify the waste into useful or harmless products that can be beneficial to the
ecosystem.
Antibiotics Bioremediation
Authors: da Silva Patricia A. , Lasta Paola , Sartori Rafaela B. , dos Santos Aline M. , Zepka Leila Q. , Jacob-Lopes Eduardo
Published: June 2023

Antibiotics are in high demand across the world in a variety of industries .
The use of antibiotics has become a global threat, being called an emerging pollutant.
Thus, they are incorrectly disposed of in wastewater and their bioremediation becomes
indispensable. In this context, the objective of this chapter is to explore the
bioremediation of antibiotics. First, information was provided on the sources of
antibiotics in wastewater and their possible impacts on the environment and humans.
Then, the antibiotic removal process performed by microorganisms and microalgae.based processes was discussed, showing the factors that interfere with their
performance in the removal of antibiotics. Finally, future prospects for fostering
development in this area were analyzed.
Microbial Degradation of Sodium Polyacrylate Present in Diapers
Authors: Muricken Deepa G. , George Shinomol
Published: June 2023

Sodium polyacrylate is widely used in many fields, including agriculture,
sanitary products, drug delivery, wastewater treatment plants, etc. Since
polyacrylamides (PAM) are produced and used in bulk quantities, they have higher
rates of mobility in the environment when polymers are degraded. They can create
potential challenges for water supplies as well as wastewater treatment plants, and
hence their disposal and degradation in nature is a significant issue. Various modes of
degradation include mechanical, chemical, photolytic, and biological methods. In the
biological model, microorganisms are used, either aerobic or anaerobic. Both bacteria
and fungi seem to contribute to this cause; however, the enzymology and detailed
pathway of their degradation steps are still being researched, and various hypotheses
are available. Although enzyme amydases are found to be involved, there are
speculations about the role of other enzymes as well. Various methods, including
fenton oxidation, low glucose exposure, zinc oxide, and UV irradiation, are tried to
enhance the biodegradation of polyacrylamide and polyacrylates. In this book chapter,
we have included our own preliminary study results in this area. Further studies are
required to fully elucidate the mechanisms and create a suitable consortium of
microorganisms.
Aroma component analysis using HS/SPME-FID Gas Chromatograph in Basmati rice varieties of Punjab, Pakistan
Authors:   Rice Research Institute, Punjab, Pakistan, Shamim Farah , Raza Mohsin Ali , Ali Syed Sultan , Sarfraz Samina , Riaz Misbah
Published: June 2023

Rice grain aroma is a promising quality factor that influence consumer acceptability. The principal volatile compound that contributes Basmati rice fragrance is 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP). Milled White rice samples of promising Basmati rice varieties (Super Basmati, Basmati-515, Basmati 2000, Basmati 370) were analyzed for fragrant volatile compounds by gas chromatography (GC) coupled with Solid Phase Micro Extraction unit (SPME) using Flame ionizing Detector (FID). Six volatile compounds (Nonanal, Decanal, and alcohols such as benzyl alcohol, Indole) were identified in the tested varieties, among them 2-AP is only present in aromatic rice varieties. This study confirmed the occurrence of 2-AP in all studied varieties with highest concentration in Super Basmati followed by Basmati-515, Basmati 2000 and Basmati 370.
PENGARUH BEBERAPA FUNGISIDA TERHADAP Alternaria solani PENYEBAB PENYAKIT BERCAK KERING PADA TANAMAN TOMAT (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) DI LAPANGAN
Authors: Nuviani Eka Putri Irma , Martosudiro Mintarto , Choliq Fery Abdul
Published: June 2023

Alternaria solani adalah patogen penyakit yang sering muncul pada budidaya tanaman tomat, kerusakannya cukup tinggi berakibat pada pengurangan produksi. Salah satu cara yang digunakan petani untuk mengendalikan A. solani yaitu dengan aplikasi fungisida sintetik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh beberapa jenis fungisida dengan konsentrasi aplikasi yang tepat dalam mengendalikan A. solani pada tanaman tomat. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan RAK (Rancangan Acak Kelompok) 10 perlakuan dengan pengulangan sebanyak 3x. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara mengukur intensitas penyakit, tingkat efikasi dan produksi tomat. Gejala awal tanaman terinfeksi yaitu terdapat bercak cokelat pada daun. Bercak berkembang hingga membentuk lingkaran konsentris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan semua perlakuan fungisida dapat menekan intensitas penyakit A. solani. Terdapat tiga perlakuan yang memiliki intensitas penyakit terendah yaitu FPK-2102 125/75 EC (1 ml/l), FPK-2106 400/90 SE (0,5 ml/l) dan fungisida berbahan aktif prokloraz+azoksistrobin (1 ml/l) pada nilai 32-37% dengan tingkat efikasi 53-59%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ketiga fungisida tersebut efektif dalam menekan perkembangan A. solani.
Âdile Sultan ın Fatih de Kurduğu Okuma Vakfının Sosyo-Ekonomik Yönleriyle İncelenmesi/A Socio-Economic Analysis of the Reading Foundation Established by Âdile Sultan in Fatih
Authors: Çankaya Bayraklı Zehra
Published: June 2023

Âdile Sultan; Osmanlı Padişahı II. Mahmud’un kızı olarak sarayda üst düzey eğitim almış, Sultan Abdülmecid, Abdülaziz, V. Murad ve Sultan Abdülhamid’in hükümranlık dönemlerini görmüş, yazmış olduğu divanıyla Osmanlı hanım sultanları arasında önemli bir yere sahip entelektüel bir kadındır. Ayrıca döneminde kadınların toplumda çok fazla görünür olmamasına rağmen Âdile Sultan yaptırmış olduğu hayır eserleriyle, katıldığı meclisler, yapmış olduğu ziyaretlerle, düğünüyle hatta vefatıyla hep kamunun yoğun takip ettiği bir kişilik olmuştur. Görkemli, şatafatlı bir yaşam süren Âdile Sultan’ı yakınlarının ard arda gelen ölümleri daha mütevâzı, hayırsever ve fukaraperver bir insana dönüştürmüştür. Bu makale Âdile Sultan’ın Nakşidil Valide Sultan’ın türbesinde sabah namazlarında Kur’an-ı Kerim okunması için kurmuş olduğu vakfını konu edinmektedir. Bir para vakfı olan bu vakfın vakfiyesinde okunan Kur’an-ı Kerim’lerden hâsıl olacak sevabın Âdile Sultan’ın annesi Zernigâr Kadın Efendi’ye ve babaannesi Nakşidil Valide Sultan’ın ruhuna hediye edilmesi istenmektedir. Ayrıca Âdile Sultan vakfiyesinde bizzat kendisine hayattayken selameti, öldükten sonra ise ruhu için okunan Kur’an-ı Kerimlerin armağan edilmesini istemektedir. Bu vakıf iki yönüyle dikkat çeker: Öncelikle küçük ölçekli vakıfların kurulmasına imkân sağlayan Osmanlı vakıf sistemindeki para vakıflarının pratikteki uygulamasını göstermektedir. Diğer yandan ağırlıklı olarak kadınlar tarafından vefat etmiş yakınlarının ruhlarına hediye edilmek üzere türbe gibi mekânlarda gerçekleştirilen Kur’an tilaveti vakıflarının bir örneği olmasıdır. Bu vakıflar vakfedenin vefat eden yakınına vefâsını gösterir.
Kadınlarda Somatizasyon: Biyopsikososyal Yaklaşım Perspektifinden Bir Değerlendirme / Somatization in Women: An Evaluation from the Biopsychosocial Perspective
Authors: Karaköse Selin , Sertel Berk Özlem
Published: June 2023

Somatizasyon, psikolojik ve duygusal faktörlerin bedensel belir- tilerle ifade edilmesi olarak tanımlanan, ortaya çıkış nedenleri, sürdürücü faktörleri ve tedavisiyle çok yönlü karmaşık bir yapıya sahip psikolojik bir sendromdur. Hastalıkların kaynağını hücresel ve kimyasal süreçlerle açıklayan biyomedikal model günümüzde yerini, hastalıkların biyolojik, sosyal ve psikolojik faktörlerle ilişkili olduğunu vurgulayan biyopsikososyal modele bırakmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı kadın olmanın bir risk faktörü olarak görüldüğü somatizasyonu biyopsikososyal model bakış açısından incelemektir. Kadınlarda somatizasyonun daha yaygın olarak görülmesi biyolojik faktörler kapsamında beyin sistemi, hormonlar ve üreme sistemindeki farklarla ilişkilendirilmekte- dir. Kadınların erkeklere kıyasla depresyon ve anksiyete başta olmak üzere diğer ruh sağlığı problemlerini daha çok yaşamaları ve daha yüksek nörotisizm kişilik boyutu eğilimine sahip olma- ları ise somatizasyonla ilişkili görülen psikolojik faktörlerdir. Somatizasyonun Batılı olmayan toplumlarda daha sık görülmesine ek olarak, özellikle erkek egemen toplumlarda kadınların dezavantajlı konumda yer almaları ve evlilik-aileyle ilgili konularda daha çok sorumlu olmaları somatizasyonla ilgili sosyal faktörler olarak görülmektedir. Somatizasyonun çok boyutlu yapısı etkin bir tedavide multidisipliner yaklaşım gerekliliğini ortaya koyarken, önleyici çalışmalar içerisinde psikolojik ve sosyal etmenlerin yer almasının önemini vurgulamaktadır.
A Case Study of Culturing Children's Independence Attitude Through Parent’s Role and Teacher’s Role
Authors: Saleh Muhammad , Purwanti Ratna , Mardatila Yusi , Madani Rahmat Alfian
Published: June 2023

In the family environment, parents play an important role in children development. Meanwhile at schools, teachers’ role is also vital in strengthening children’s character. The problem that should be addressed is that parents should cooperate with teachers in instilling good values, such as independence, in children. Independence prevents children from being dependent on others and the most important thing is cultivating children’s courage and motivation to continue exploring new knowledge. Independence encourages children to learn about behavioral choices and risks that must be accounted for. The purpose of this study was to describe the guidance of parents and teachers in instilling children's independence. This research was conducted using the qualitative method with a descriptive research approach. The research location was in At-Tibyan Kindergarten. The data were collected using observations, documentation, and interviews with the principal, teachers, parents, and children in group B. The results of the study found that parental guidance in instilling children's independence was done by providing children with good examples, giving choices to children, guiding children in solving problems, giving sincere praises to children, providing support to children, and developing good communication with them. Meanwhile, the teacher's guidance was conducted through habituation and by establishing harmonious relationships with children, providing a good understanding to children, providing clear information to children, giving advice to children, and assisting them in problem-solving. This research can be used as input in instilling children's independence through guidance at home and school.
Life Skills-Based Life Therapy Program For Beneficiaries With Mental Disabilities
Authors: Zulkarnain Rufran , Putra Ari , Palenti Citra Dwi
Published: June 2023

Life skills education is carried out with the aim of providing skills to a person so that life becomes more productive and efficient. This study aims to describe the concept of learning life skills for people with mental disabilities at BRSPDM Dharma Guna Bengkulu which is packaged in a life therapy program. This study uses qualitative methods with data collection techniques used are interviews, observations, and documentation studies. Sources of information in this study are centered on social workers who serve people with mental disabilities. This is done to obtain information about life skills education programs for people with mental disabilities. The result of this research is a model of providing life skills to persons with disabilities by providing programs that are of interest to participants such as agriculture, fisheries, carpentry, local crafts, handicrafts, and hydroponic gardening. The learning process is carried out through identifying learning needs through interview techniques for each person with mental disability. Social workers have the task of formulating and identifying the required programs. So that, the life skills program is not only carried out within the Dharma Guna BRSPDM environment. Not only that, learning activities supported by partners can provide practical experience to learning participants with mental disabilities. The conclusion of this study is that livelihood therapy activities are a form of therapy-based learning that is able to provide provisions for people with mental disabilities. The identification process becomes the basis for providing navigation to learning participants both from directions to outcomes that can later be obtained by learning participants. Activities carried out individually on identifying learning needs are a way of receiving information about problems and future skill needs of people with mental disabilities.
Interactive Learning Media Development Based on Android Assisted by Google Sites on Building Static Calculation Element in 2nd Depok National Vocational High School
Authors: Rarasati Niken , Ismail Affero Bin
Published: June 2023

Background:  This study aims to develop interactive learning media based on android assisted by Google Sites on building static calculation element class X SMK N 2 Depok and to determine the feasibility of the media in terms of material and media aspects.Methods: The research is Research and Development (RD) method using waterfall model development. The stage of waterfall model are analysis, design, coding, testing, and maintenance. Data is collected using interviews, questionnaires, and device usage. Feasibility data analysis using category range analysis.Results:  The results of this research according to the stages (1) the analysis stage reveals problems with learning methods and models that are not yet sufficient for students to learn according to the independent learning curriculum. The software used is Adobe Illustrator and assisted by Google Sites with an android smartphone v4.1 has a minimum of 1GB of RAM and 1GB of free memory. (2) The design stage uses UML planning and storyboards. UML diagrams include use case, activity, class, and sequence. (3) The coding stage is assisted by Google Sites using Markup Language HTML and Website Appsgeyser. (4) The testing phase is carried out on material and media aspects according to ISO 25010. (5) The maintenance stage involves improving the appearance and explanation of the questions.Conclusion:  Based on the test results it is concluded that the media developed is feasible to use.
An Exploration of Melody, Harmony and Rhythm in Selected Sape Repertoires in Kenyah Ethnic in Sarawak
Authors: Sudom Garry Raymond , Naili Rayner
Published: June 2023

Sape is a traditional musical instrument from Borneo played by the community of Orang Ulu. Most of the time, sape has been used to play as solo, duo and with a group accompanied by other instruments like jatung lutang, kelire. This research will explore the melody, rhythmic pattern, and harmony in sape repertoires in Kenyah ethnicity. Four sape repertoires will be analysed: sape leleng, det diet tapung kitan, titiet titiek kenai ujan and datun julud, which have unique and different characteristics in musical form.
AN ASSESSMENT OF GENDER DISPARITY THAT EXISTS IN THE TRANSIT SERVICE PROVISION: A CASE STUDY OF MRT FEEDER BUS SERVICE IN KLANG VALLEY, MALAYSIA
Authors: Olabayonle Oladejo Aliu , Mohamad Muhammad Rijal , Bachok Syahriah , Mohd Zahari Mohammad Zarif , A. Kadir Nur Athifah
Published: June 2023

People are transported from one location to another in cities of Malaysia using a variety of urban mass transit systems. However, in urban area like Klang Valley, where infrastructure development is accelerating, each gender has distinct difficulties and has a different experience utilising public transportation systems. To ensure gender equality for those using public transportation, particularly bus transit, this study tends to reveal the gender differences in perception of MRT feeder bus service quality along the major routes of Klang Valley of Malaysia. MRT feeder buses are seen to have the promise of reducing the increasing congestion in our cities if they are managed effectively and sustainably. As a result, by examining the gender disparities in perceptions of the quality of the MRT feeder transport services, this research broadens the investigation of the MRT feeder bus services. For this study, a quantitative method was used, and convenience sampling was used. The questionnaire was distributed at the chosen MRT Feeder Bus stations along the main routes in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. Results from the survey supported the effectiveness and efficiency of service delivery, demonstrating that both genders found punctuality, waiting times, journey times, and the frequency of MRT feeder buses to be above 80% satisfactory. However, the study found that, there is gender disparity in the connection between gender and the cleanliness of bus stops, the distance from the starting point to the bus stop, and the fear of criminality at MRT feeder bus stations (all stops assessment). According to the results of the factor analysis, six variables can affect passenger satisfaction, including bus reliability, comfort, condition, driver attitude and appearance, access and egress issues, and bus stop evaluation. As a result, it suggests that a high number of women will experience greater fear while travelling on public transportation if inadequate planning and management of the overall public transportation infrastructure design is not remedied. It recommends a complete improvement of safety measures for women and girls as well as an increase in the service frequency of the MRT feeder buses to keep current customers and draw in more new ones.
The effect of temperature on the Hugoniot elastic limit and the spall strength of a lead-bismuth alloy at the pressure of shock compression up to 2.4 GPa
Authors: Savinykh A. S.  , Garkushin G. V.  , Razorenov S. V.
Published: June 2023

Measurements of the Hugoniot elastic limit and the spall strength of the eutectic alloy Bi --- 56.5 mass%, Pb --- 43.5 mass% were carried out at sample temperatures in the range of 20-109oC based on registration and analysis of the evolution of shock compression pulses of various amplitudes. It is shown that an increase in the temperature of the samples leads to a decrease in the Hugoniot elastic limit by 25%, and the spall strength of the alloy under study --- by 30%, regardless of the strain rate. An increase in the strain rate by two orders of magnitude leads to an increase in the spall strength by about three times. Approximation power-law dependences of the decay of the elastic precursor on the thickness of the samples and the spall strength on the strain rate before fracture at normal and elevated temperatures are constructed. Keywords: lead-bismuth eutectic alloy, shock waves, deformation, temperature, Hugoniot elastic limit, spall strength.
Development of a flexible thin-film radio-absorbing structure for UHF and SHF microwave range
Authors: Buzko V.Yu.  , Goryachko A.I.  , Ivanin S.N.  , Shutkin I.Yu.
Published: June 2023

A broadband printed thin-layer radio absorbing structure based on an array of coupled dipole antennas has been developed and created. The resulting material can be used to solve the problems of shielding electromagnetic waves and reduce the level of electromagnetic emission from various devices in the 4-7 GHz frequency range, as well as to create building radio shielding materials. Keywords: radar absorbing screen, magnetron sputtering, array of printed antennas.
Influence of the method of gas supply to the chamber on the processes of reactive magnetron sputtering of Ti-Al composite target
Authors: Doan Hoang The  , Golosov D.A.  , Jin Zhang  , Kananovich N.A.  , Zavadski S.N.  , Melnikov S.N.
Published: June 2023

The paper demonstrates study results of the processes of reactive magnetron sputtering of a Ti-Al composite target in an Ar/O2 gas mixture with various methods of gas supply to the chamber. It has been established that, regardless of the method of gas supply, when changing the oxygen concentration in the Ar/O2 gas mixture, the ratio of the Al and Ti content in the deposited Ti1-xAlxOy films changes. The metal content ratio in the deposited films varies in proportion to the change in the ratio of the control lines intensities of the optical emission of aluminum AlI (396.15 nm) and titanium TiI (395.82 nm) in plasma. This makes it possible to effectively use the method of optical emission spectroscopy to predict and control the content of metals in deposited films. Based on studies of the dielectric characteristics of deposited Ti1-xAlxOy films, it was discovered that with separate gas supply (Ar is supplied to the target region, O2 is supplied to the substrate region), in contrast to the joint gas supply (the Ar/O2 gas mixture is supplied to the target region), it is possible to deposit dielectric films in the transient mode at relatively high sputtering rates. In this case, the oxygen supply to the substrate region makes it possible to increase the oxygen content in the films up to 60-64%. Keywords: preactive magnetron sputtering, composite target, thin films, titanium-aluminum oxide, elemental composition, permittivity, dielectric loss tangent.
Application of hot isostatic pressing to improve the optical performance of polycrystalline zinc sulfide
Authors: Fedin A. V.  , Gerke M. N.  , Kochuev D. A.  , Chkalov R. V.  , Gavrishchuk E. M.  , Balabanov S. S.
Published: June 2023

The hot isostatic pressing of zinc sulfide, obtained by chemical vapor deposition technology, are studied to improve its quality characteristics. As a result of the studies carried out in the visible and near IR regions of the spectrum, the transmission of the treated samples was increased by 6-7 times compared to the untreated ones. In the wavelength range of 3-10 μm, the light transmission of the treated samples reached the theoretical limit. Keywords: chalcogenides, zinc sulfide, chemical vapor deposition, hot isostatic pressing.
Optical magnetometric sensor for magnetoencephalographic complexes
Authors: Vershovskii A. K.  , Petrenko M. V.
Published: June 2023

A new implementation of the method of optical pumping of alkaline atoms in the scheme of a highly sensitive compact single-beam sensor of a nonzero magnetic field is proposed, which allows it to be used as part of a magnetoencephalographic complex with a remote laser pumping source. The proposed method makes it possible, in particular, to pump an array of sensors with a single source of polarization-modulated resonant radiation connected to sensors by means of polarization-supporting optical fibers. A model experiment has been carried out confirming the principle feasibility and effectiveness of the method. Keywords: Optically detectable magnetic resonance, quantum magnetometer, magnetoencephalography.
Experiences of Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Using the Apple Watch Series 6 Versus the Traditional Finger Pulse Oximeter for Home SpO2 Self-Monitoring: Qualitative Study Part 2
Authors: Liu Yuxin , Arnaert Antonia , da Costa Daniel , Sumbly Pia , Debe Zoumanan , Charbonneau Sylvain
Published: June 2023

Background

Amid the rise in mobile health, the Apple Watch now has the capability to measure peripheral blood oxygen saturation (SpO2). Although the company indicated that the Watch is not a medical device, evidence suggests that SpO2 measurements among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are accurate in controlled settings. Yet, to our knowledge, the SpO2 function has not been validated for patients with COPD in naturalistic settings.

Objective

This qualitative study explored the experiences of patients with COPD using the Apple Watch Series 6 versus a traditional finger pulse oximeter for home SpO2 self-monitoring.

Methods

We conducted individual semistructured interviews with 8 female and 2 male participants with moderate to severe COPD, and transcripts were qualitatively analyzed. All received a watch to monitor their SpO2 for 5 months.

Results

Due to respiratory distress, the watch was unable to collect reliable SpO2 measurements, as it requires the patient to remain in a stable position. However, despite the physical limitations and lack of reliable SpO2 values, participants expressed a preference toward the watch. Moreover, participants’ health needs and their unique accessibility experiences influenced which device was more appropriate for self-monitoring purposes. Overall, all shared the perceived importance of prioritizing their physical COPD symptoms over device selection to manage their disease.

Conclusions

Differing results between participant preferences and smartwatch limitations warrant further investigation into the reliability and accuracy of the SpO2 function of the watch and the balance among self-management, medical judgment, and dependence on self-monitoring technology.
A Survey of Internet Performance During COVID-19
Authors: Dittmann Lars
Published: June 2023

Background

Since the beginning of 2020, many societal systems have been used to extend the health care system, which were not planned for, and as such, there is concern for its collapse. Clearly, the collapse of the health care system, primarily hospitals, has been a key concern, and many initiatives, including lockdown and curfew, were taken to avoid such a collapse. The internet was the key platform used to enable people to work from home, provide remote teaching, conduct meetings on the web, etc. However, when it comes to data communication and processing, the risk of collapse is not the only risk, and maybe not even the biggest one. Many systems were not properly adapted for used in such a hurry, which did not allow time (and concern) for a proper risk and privacy assessment.

Objective

This paper presents internet performance statistics and analyzes how this knowledge can be used in future designs of internet-based telemedical solutions.

Methods

Statistics regarding traffic increases and security attacks on the internet during 2020 and 2021 were analyzed.

Results

The internet did not collapse during the COVID pandemic—as many people had predicted. However, the massive use of the internet, in new innovative ways, created a number of new opportunities for cybersecurity breach. Especially, the use videoconferences enabled made-in-middle attacks, phishing, and other classical breaches in new ways due to insufficient authentication and content encryption.

Conclusions

Even though a large amount of experience has been gathered with respect to scaling eHealth systems, a minimum amount of improvement with respect to privacy and security has been identified.

Conflicts of Interest

None declared.
Sharing Data With Shared Benefits: Artificial Intelligence Perspective
Authors: Tajabadi Mohammad , Grabenhenrich Linus , Ribeiro Adèle , Leyer Michael , Heider Dominik
Published: June 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) and data sharing go hand in hand. In order to develop powerful AI models for medical and health applications, data need to be collected and brought together over multiple centers. However, due to various reasons, including data privacy, not all data can be made publicly available or shared with other parties. Federated and swarm learning can help in these scenarios. However, in the private sector, such as between companies, the incentive is limited, as the resulting AI models would be available for all partners irrespective of their individual contribution, including the amount of data provided by each party. Here, we explore a potential solution to this challenge as a viewpoint, aiming to establish a fairer approach that encourages companies to engage in collaborative data analysis and AI modeling. Within the proposed approach, each individual participant could gain a model commensurate with their respective data contribution, ultimately leading to better diagnostic tools for all participants in a fair manner.
Optimization of low carbon steel coating with corrosion inhibitor method based on siwalan (Borassus flabellifer) fiber extract
Authors: Khoirunnisa Siti , Arifin Fawaid Syamsul , Mayangsari Nadia Erlina , Setiawan Indra , Susanti Evi
Published: June 2023

Siwalan fiber waste (SFW) has the potential as a source of lignin (7-25%) which is used as a green inhibitor to inhibit the corrosion rate of low carbon steel (LCS). The aims of this study were: (1) determine the optimum conditions (types of HCl and H2SO4, Cinhibitor and Cmedia, inhibition temperature, and coating time) for LCS coating process using the inhibitory method using lignin extract from SFW, and (2) knowing the resistance of LCS coated with inhibitor at optimum conditions. Empirical research through laboratory experiments explains the relation between variables by analyzing numerical data. 185g of SFW produced 52.289g (28.26%) fine brown powder. IR spectrum analysis on extract showed the wavelength was almost the same as the standard. IR spectrum analysis was also carried out on the extracted compounds that were adsorbed, and the absorption peaks confirmed the presence of lignin in the adsorbed compounds. Based on the results of the analysis of the weighing data of the specimen before and after inhibition, the inhibitor concentration of 0.2–0.3 g/L in H2SO4 at 313K is the optimum condition to suppress the corrosion rate on the surface of LCS by 76.2%.
Pengaruh Ekstrak Kafein sebagai Inhibitor Laju Korosi dan Efisiensi Inhibisi pada Baja dalam Larutan Asam Sulfat dan Biosolar
Authors: Maryanty Yanty , Ifvournamasari Adinda Dwi , Widjajanti Kristina , Wulan Dyah Ratna , Azkiya Noor Isnaini
Published: June 2023

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang pengujian ekstrak kafein dari kopi arabika, coklat, dan daun teh hitam sebagai inhibitor laju korosi pada baja dalam lingkungan yang mengandung asam dan dalam biosolar yang mengandung asam. Penyimpanan biosolar B30 dalam tangki dalam waktu lama mengakibatkan penurunan pH, pembakaran tidak sempurna, dan korosi pada tangki penyimpanan yang diduga disebabkan oleh komposisi konsorsium bakteri. Pada penelitian sebelumnya hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa genus yang dominan merupakan bakteri penghasil asam yang diduga menjadi penyebab penurunan kadar pH biosolar B30 selama masa penyimpanan. Berdasarkan Analisa metagenomik pada biosolar B30 ditemukan genus Eubacteria merupakan bakteri penyebab korosi pada kondisi anaerob. Sehingga pada penelitian dibuat kondisi keasaaman yang dihasilkan oleh mikroorganisme dengan penambahan H2SO4 12%. Ekstrak kafein diperoleh dari proses maserasi dengan variabel perbandingan pelarut etanol 70% : bahan organik yaitu 1 : 2 dan 1 : 3. Uji ekstrak kafein dilakukan dengan metode HPLC pada laju effluent 0,8 mL/min. Sedangkan uji efisiensi inhibisi korosi pada baja diamati pada kurun waktu perendaman 0, 1, 4, 7 dan 10 hari. Baja yang digunakan sebelumnya telah dikorosikan dengan H2SO4 12%. Hasil inhibitor terbaik pada baja yang direndam H2SO4 12% didapatkan inhibitor terbaik yaitu kopi 2100,793 ppm dengan laju korosi sebesar 84,7x10-4 g/cm2 hari pada hari ke-1 menjadi 75,5x10-4 g/cm2 hari pada hari ke-10 dengan efisiensi inhibisi sebesar 80%. Sedangkan pada baja yang direndam biosolaryang mengandung H2SO4 12%  didapatkan inhibitor terbaik yaitu kopi 2.100,793 ppm dengan laju korosi sebesar 0,3x10-4 g/cm2 hari pada hari ke-1 menjadi 0,2x10-4 g/cm2 hari pada hari ke-10 dengan efisiensi inhibisi sebesar 100%. Semakin lama waktu perendaman baja dalam media H2SO4 maupunbiosolar yang mengandung H2SO4 12% dengan penambahan inhibitor organik maka nilai laju korosi semakin rendah karena inhibitor membentuk lapisan yang melindungi baja.
Pengaruh Kondisi Operasi Proses Pemekatan Litium Dari Geothermal Brine Sintetis Dengan Metode Direct Contact Membrane Distillation (DCMD)
Authors: Bagus Galih Utomo Dimas , Sutresno Hadi Sujoto Vincent , Astuti Widi , Rofieq Mufakhir Fika , Pangihutan Christian Tampubolon Aron , Syamsumin Syamsumin , Putera Utama Andhika , Tri Bayu Murti Petrus Himawan , Fahrurozi Mohammad , Sutijan Sutijan
Published: June 2023

Penggunaan lithium dalam pembuatan baterai meningkat secara signifikan dalam beberapa tahun terakhir. Karena peningkatan kebutuhan lithium, maka diperlukan sumber litium yang dapat di eksploitasi. Target dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memekatkan konsentrasi dari litium sebelum dilakukan proses pemisahan lainnya. Perangkat DCMD ini menggunakan perbedaan tekanan uap dikedua sisi membran sebagai driving force. Larutan umpan divariasikan pada berbagai suhu dan laju alir sedangkan suhu sisi permeat dipertahankan pada 25 °C. Suhu umpan divariasikan pada 60, 50, dan 40 °C dan laju alir umpan pada 420, 260, dan 180 ml/menit.  Untuk mengurangi penyumbatan pada membran, digunakan geothermal brine sintetis. Penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa suhu operasi dan laju alir memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan pada proses pengkonsentrasian lithium dari geothermal brine sintetis. Kenaikan suhu operasi dan laju alir umpan pada sistem DCMD menunjukkan adanya kenaikan konsentrasi lithium pada retentate dan fluks permeat yang dihasilkan. Hasil optimum diperoleh pada suhu 60 °C. dengan laju alir 420 ml/menit. Perolehan rerata fluks tertinggi dicapai pada 60 °C sebesar 7,3 LMH, di ikuti suhu 50 dan 40 °C sebesar 5,3 dan 2,7 LMH. Selain fluks diperoleh juga nilai Liquid enter pressure (LEP) 7,3 bar yang menunjukkan kekuatan membran dalam menahan tekanan uap, sehingga tidak terjadi wetting selama proses.
A Study on the Application of Chinese Cultural Elements in Digital Media Art Design
Authors: WENYI LUO
Published: June 2023

In the past few years, China’s digital media art has been moving forward rapidly, and this field has been developed rapidly. For digital media, it contains many aspects, just like the rise of the animation industry cannot be separated from the union of modern science and technology and animation elements, and of course the addition of Chinese elements, so it is important to conduct an in-depth study of these aspects. Adding Chinese elements to digital media art design is a good way because it allows the outside world to understand the teaching word media, and more importantly, China, giving the audience a better visual experience.
Linking Neolithic lakeshore settlements through raw material of siliceous artefacts
Authors: Affolter Jehanne , Wehren Helena , Heitz Caroline , Stapfer Regine , Emmenegger Lea , Hinz Martin , Thierrin-Michael Gisela , Hafner Albert
Published: June 2023

This paper presents the results of the provenience analysis of siliceous artefacts from Neolithic lakeshore settlements studied in the scope of the SNSF-project MET (“Mobilities, entanglements and transformations in Neolithic societies on the Swiss Plateau (3900-3500 BCE) supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (Project No 100011 156205). The aim of this paper is to compare the cultural entanglements as defined by the pottery studies with the regions of origins of the knappable siliceous sedimentary rocks (KSSR) raw materials. The analysed siliceous artefacts were found in cultural layers of wetland settlements in the Northern Alpine Foreland, most of which are dated dendrochronologically with extreme precision. The sources of the raw materials were determined by the identification of the sedimentary microfacies of the siliceous artefacts, which allows the accurate location of the exploited outcrops without destroying the artefacts. This enabled detailed insights into complex entanglements, ties and mobility patterns in the raw material procurement between settlement communities on the Swiss Plateau, southern Germany and eastern France. Furthermore, these results were compared visually with stylistic entanglements in the pottery of the 4th millennium BCE. As a first attempt in this direction, this paper shows the potential of studies on mobility patterns when different find categories are studied in combination regarding their raw materials but also their typology.
A Universal Fairness Evaluation Framework for Resource Allocation in Cloud Computing
Authors: Patil Prof. Pragati
Published: June 2023

Abstract: Machine learning is nowadays ubiquitous, providing mechanisms for supporting decision making that leverages big data analytics. However, this recent rise in importance of machine learning also raises societal concerns about the dependability and trustworthiness of systems which depend on such automated predictions. In cloud computing, fairness is one of the most significant indicators to evaluate resource allocation algorithms, which reveals whether each user is allocated as much as that of all other users having the same bottleneck. However, how fair an allocation algorithm is remains an urgent issue. In this paper, we propose Dynamic Evaluation Framework for Fairness (DEFF), a framework to evaluate the fairness of an resource allocation algorithm. In our framework, two sub-models, Dynamic Demand Model (DDM) and Dynamic Node Model (DNM), are proposed to describe the dynamic characteristics of resource demand and the computing node number under cloud computing environment. Combining Fairness on Dominant Shares and the two sub-models above, we finally obtain DEFF. In our experiment, we adopt several typical resource allocation algorithms to prove the effectiveness on fairness evaluation by using the DEFF framework.
Stabilization of Soil Using Concrete Slush Waste and Polyester Fibres
Authors: Kumawat Hansraj
Published: June 2023

Abstract: Soil stabilization is a technique used in civil engineering to enhance the engineering properties of soil so that it can withstand large loads without shear failure. Many chemicals, by products and waste materials can be utilized for stabilization. In the present work, the behavior of soil after addition of the Concrete Slush Waste (varying proportion 4%, 8% and 12%) and Polyester Fibre (varying proportion 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1.0%; length 40 mm) was studied at different proportion and then various soil properties like Optimum Moisture Content, Maximum Dry Density, California Bearing Ratio, and Unconfined Compressive Strength values were determined. To conclude the current experimental research, it was ascertained that a combination of Concrete Slush Waste and Polyester Fibre can be used to improve the various engineering properties of soil.
Sentiment Analysis Using Deep Learning
Authors: Dmello Bless , Dmello Niel , Savaliya Uttam , Shah Parshvi
Published: June 2023

Abstract: Sentiment is one of the few terms in the English language that lacks a clear definition yet is nonetheless comprehensible. Understanding others in society is greatly hampered by the inability to recognise facial expressions of emotion. We have opted to investigate video inputs and create a model that compiles data from sources and presents findings in an understandable manner. Modern artificial intelligence systems urgently require human sentiment detection to mimic and decipher face expressions. This might help people make informed decisions about things like purpose determination, offering advertising, and security-related dangers. The human eye can easily identify emotions in images or videos, but machines find it more challenging to do so, necessitating the employment of different image processing techniques for feature extraction.
Short Circuit Fault Detection and Protection of DC Microgrid
Authors: Sonule Nikhil , Madekar Prof. Vaishali
Published: June 2023

Abstract: Due to inherent advantages of DC system over AC system such as compatibility with renewableenergy sources, storage devices and modern loads, Direct Current Microgrid (DCMG) has been one of the key research areas from last few years. In the proposed work power has been produced by using solar pv and fuel cell which is combined on the same dc bus and given to a dc load. DC microgrid protection is an important part of power system studies. The basic think which is required for protection is to get to know, where it should be provided and which component must be used. So, to address the challenges of dc microgrid protection accurate faultdetection strategies, fault current limiting method and dc circuit breaker has been used. The electricity load of the microgrid is satisfied by the power form fuel cell, pv array and battery altogether. Initially battery is charged up to 70% and at this time bidirectional converter work as a boost converter and when battery discharges till 30 %, battery starts charging and then bi- directional converter act as buck converter and battery remain in charging mode.
Advancements and Future Directions in Human Activity Recognition
Authors: Singh Suruchi , Raghuvanshi Dr. C. S . , Sharan Dr Hari Om
Published: June 2023

Abstract: Activity recognition deals with the automation of recognizing various activities by identifying the subject and its interactions with the environment. Human activity recognition deals with identifying different activities like sitting, walking, laying moving, running, jogging, various hand movements, posture and behavior prediction and recognition. Activity recognition deals with the automation of recognizing various activities by identifying the subject and its interactions with the environment. The wide variety of environments are incorporated with Human Activity Recognition. It assists with the vast variety of problems related to people, living, lifestyle, security, monitoring, which may or may not be related to computer science.
Creating a Child Friendly Environment for Children’s Health and Wellness
Authors: Yadav Ar. Varsha , Agarwal Dr. Prof. Mohit Kumar
Published: June 2023

Abstract: The thought of spending time in a hospital as a patient or visitor is stressful and scary for anyone, and more so for children. Children’s hospital should be child friendly and safe, thus creating a “small world in itself”. The aim of this paper is to understand how children’s hospitals can be designed to make the hospital experience for children less stressful, while attempting to accomplish a building more pleasant and child-friendly. The research explores ways to integrate elements and principles in children’s hospitals by studying child psychology to create a child friendly environment where the children will forget their pain and will not be scared of hospitalization. The first part of the research is based on literature review, exploring the Children psychology according to age and their perspective towards built environment. In second stage, a set of guidelines were compiled addressing the factors that influence healing environments. In a third stage, three case studies are being done.Survey has been done of Primary users (children between 6 to 18 years) Secondary users (Parents of children below 6 years), as this age group are unable to express or answer and understand the questions. Data collected has been analyzed and parameters found, sense of control, social support, positive distractions, sensorial dimensions and age appropriate environment to determine the elements and spaces for children’s hospital environments that can be used to strengthen the designs.