bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efeito dos incentivos fiscais e a responsabilidade social corporativa das organizações
Authors: Gouveia Santos Sergio , De Almeida Lima Lauro Vinício , Dantas de França Robério , Maia Leite Filho Paulo Amilton
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo investigar o efeito dos incentivos fiscais nas práticas de responsabilidade social corporativa (RSC) de companhias brasileiras de capital aberto.Método: Para isso, o método utilizado foi a aplicação de dados em painel de efeitos fixos e aleatórios e regressão quantílica por meio da técnica de bootstrap, em informações disponibilizadas pelas organizações e medidas de ESG (enviromental, social and governance) divulgadas pela Thomson Reuters Eikon, no período de 2016 a 2020.Originalidade/Relevância: Neste panorama, a relevância da pesquisa está associada à importância de práticas socialmente responsáveis das empresas e como isso pode sofrer o efeito de incentivos fiscais, que funcionam como um instrumento para a legitimação da concessão desses benefícios, adotando como agente legitimador o governo e a sociedade.Resultados: Assim, os resultados evidenciam que os incentivos fiscais afetam a RSC, à medida que as entidades apresentam melhores indicadores de ESG. Além disso, existe uma relação positiva com as medidas de ESG na dimensão ambiental e, por outro lado, uma relação negativa com o pilar de governança, assumindo que acionistas e investidores, ainda que observem a responsabilidade social das organizações, não figuram como agentes que tendem a legitimar tais práticas associadas aos incentivos fiscais.Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas/práticas: Logo, a pesquisa contribui com um novo parâmetro para que o governo possa avaliar a eficiência da concessão desses incentivos e avança as discussões de fatores determinantes para a RSC, sob a ótica da teoria da legitimidade.
Ativos intangíveis e gerenciamento de resultados no mercado acionário brasileiro
Authors: Machado Julio Henrique
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: o objetivo do trabalho foi analisar a influência do nível de intangibilidade sobre o gerenciamento de resultados. Partiu-se de evidências de que a valorização das ações pode influenciar a discricionariedade nas práticas contábeis.Método: A proxy de intangibilidade adotada foi a divisão entre valor de mercado e valor contábil do Patrimônio Líquido. Foram estudadas 92 empresas brasileiras de capital aberto no período entre 2014 a 2019. Utilizou-se o modelo Jones Modificado (Dechow, Sloan, & Sweeney, 1995) para captar os accruals discricionários.Originalidade/relevância: A relevância do estudo consiste na consideração da crescente participação de empresas intangível-intensivas no mercado de capitais e novas demandas informacionais, constituindo subsídios para pesquisar o fator intangibilidade como elemento motivador da qualidade informacional.Resultados: Os resultados demonstraram que as empresas intangível-intensivas apresentam maior nível de gerenciamento de resultados por accruals discricionários do que as empresas tangível-intensivas. Por meio de regressão em painel de dados constatou-se que a intangibilidade exerce influência positiva no gerenciamento de resultados apenas nas empresas intangível-intensivas. Através de regressão quantílica, demonstrou-se que esta relação positiva é mais expressiva na mediana e em quantis superiores de níveis de accruals. Além disso constatou-se que ativos intangíveis registrados no Balanço Patrimonial tem relação negativa com gerenciamento de resultados nas observações com menores níveis de accruals.Contribuições: O trabalho contribui com a academia, agentes reguladores, investidores e demais participantes do mercado no sentido de auxiliar no entendimento sobre como ativos intangíveis relacionam-se com a qualidade das informações contábeis.
Concern for medical students due to their cell phones’ comparatively high contamination with Pantoea agglomerans bacteria with reduced sensitivity to some antimicrobials
Authors: Taha Ahmed E.
Published: September 2024

The significance of Pantoea agglomerans bacteria in diseases linked to healthcare is underappreciated due to a shortage of information on their spread. This is the first study in Saudi Arabia to examine the possible contribution of medical students’ cell phones (CPs) to the transmission of P. agglomerans to hospitalized patients and to evaluate their antibiotic susceptibility profiles. In total, 250 CPs were swabbed. P. agglomerans was isolated and identified using standard techniques. The suspected colonies were confirmed by the Vitek 2 compact system. The isolates’ antimicrobial susceptibility profiles were assessed using Epsilon assays, and the results were interpreted according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. The frequency of P. agglomerans contamination of CPs was found to be relatively high (20.40%; 51 isolates/250 samples). Many isolates showed varying degrees of reduced sensitivity to ampicillin, aztreonam, cefazolin, cefotaxime, cefuroxime, and ertapenem antibiotics. To implement optimal infection prevention and control policies regarding the possibility of antibiotic-resistant P. agglomerans transmission through medical students’ contact points with hospitalized patients during their frequent activities in healthcare settings, health policymakers may find value in utilizing this study’s results.
Mycobacterium chimaera: a case report from Italy
Authors: Seminara Martina Maria , Visca Dina , Repossi Alice Claudia , Spanevello Antonio
Published: September 2024

Mycobacterium chimaera is an environmental non-tuberculous mycobacterium belonging to Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC). It has been widely known to be associated with disseminated infection after cardiac surgery, related to heater-cooler units used during these procedures. Although M. chimaera seems to be a less virulent species compared to M. avium and M. intracellulare among MAC, several cases of M. Chimaera lung infections have been reported in settings of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis, malignancy, or immunosuppression. Here, we present an Italian case report in association with newly diagnosed COPD.
A cross-country, macro-level investigation into earnings retention during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Viviers Suzette , Wesson Nicolene
Published: September 2024

Orientation: Many shareholders rely on dividends for income. During crisis periods, managers, however, tend to retain rather than distribute earnings. Most prior research during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic focussed on company-specific factors and industry association that favour earnings retention. As far as could be ascertained, no studies to date have investigated the role that macro-level factors could have played.Research purpose: The authors hence examined the extent to which government efficiency, business efficiency, infrastructure, economic performance, uncertainty avoidance, long-term orientation and indulgence influenced earnings retention at listed companies in 62 countries from 2019 to 2021.Motivation for the study: Additional insights were uncovered regarding the earnings retention decision during an economic crisis.Research approach/design and method: Earnings retention data were downloaded from Bloomberg database, and country-level data from the International Institute for Management Development, the World Bank, Hofstede Insights and the World Federation of Exchanges. Panel regressions were used to examine hypothesised relationships.Main findings: Contrary to expectation, earnings retention was negatively associated with the cultural dimension that measures uncertainty avoidance. The notion that less earnings would be retained in countries with high indulgence scores was, however, supported. Significant differences in earnings retention were observed across geographic regions and income groups. This descriptive study provides support for the dividend signalling theory in some countries.Practical/managerial implications: Shareholders who rely on dividends should be mindful of signalling behaviour during economic crises.Contribution/value-add: The findings enrich the extant literature on the earnings retention decision during an economic crisis by highlighting the importance of cultural dimensions, notably uncertainty avoidance and indulgence. Recommendations are offered to managers, shareholders and policymakers.
Evaluation of canal cleanliness of two rotary file systems with different taper systems: An in vitro scanning electron microscopic study
Authors: Ravi Sriram , Kumaravadivel Karthick , Vishwanath Sankar , Mathew Sebeena , Thangavel Boopathi , Thangaraj Deepa Natesan
Published: September 2024

Aim:

This study aims to compare and evaluate the amount of debris and smear layer remaining on the root canal walls prepared with TruNatomy and ProTaper Next files using scanning electron microscope (SEM).

Methods:

Sixty freshly extracted maxillary premolar teeth with a single root and oval canals were chosen, and decoronated to a standard length of 15 mm. Samples were randomly divided into three groups (n = 20) and instrumented. Group 1: ProTaper Next files (Dentsply Sirona) till X3, Group 2: Medium-size TruNatomy files (Dentsply Sirona), and Group 3: Gates Glidden drills and hand K files. 2 mL of 5.25% NaOCl was used between instruments. The final irrigation was done using 3 mL of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and 3 mL of 5.25% NaOCl with passive ultrasonic agitation for 30 s. Samples were rinsed using distilled water, split mesiodistally, and evaluated under SEM The presence of superficial debris and a smear layer was evaluated using a standard scoring system. Data were statistically analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test and the post hoc Dunn’s test, with a level of significance set at P < 0.05.

Results:

None of the groups demonstrated complete debridement in all three-thirds of the root canal. In both experimental groups, a significant reduction in the amount of debris was seen, whereas there were no significant differences in the smear layer scores.

Conclusion:

Although ProTaper Next and TruNatomy files performed similarly, utilizing a lesser tapered file system with an optimal irrigation regimen would enhance the debridement ability without unnecessary removal of root dentinal structure.
Yoga at Primary Health Centers – A Pathway to Holistic Health: Narrative Review
Authors: Gupta Priya
Published: September 2024

There is a global rise of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), causing significant morbidity and mortality. Risk factors of NCDs commonly include drinking alcohol, smoking, eating unhealthy diet, and sedentary lifestyle. The current health-care system faces challenges dealing with them. In order to deal with this pandemic, the strengthening of primary health centers (PHCs) at community level is required, which supports the principles of promotion, prevention, and treatment of NCDs. Yoga is an ancient practice encompassing physical, mental, social, and spiritual techniques to obtain health. Numerous studies have proven the potential benefits of Yoga in reducing chronic physical and mental health issues, making it a cost-effective method to enhance overall well-being and reduce health-care costs. This review paper aims to explore the profound impact of integrating yoga in PHCs, focusing on its benefits in enhancing patient outcomes, supporting overall health and wellness. The study searched PubMed and Google for scholarly articles on yoga in primary care, public health care, promotion of health, rehabilitation care, cancer, wellness, prevention, health care, etc. By examining the role of yoga in PHCs, this paper seeks to provide insights into the potential of yoga as a complementary approach to conventional treatments. The paper concludes that the burden of NCDs can be addressed by increasing human resources and promoting preventive health care through Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy personnel. Integrating yoga in PHCs will raise awareness about lifestyle management and ultimately reduce the prevalence of diseases.
Middle Latency Auditory Evoked Response during High-frequency Yoga Breathing, Breath Awareness, and Quiet Rest
Authors: Telles Shirley , Chetry Dipak , Balkrishna Acharya
Published: September 2024

Background:

Yoga breathing influences cortical activity and, hence, cortico-efferent sensory activity. Previously, slow yoga breathing influenced the components of mid-latency auditory evoked potentials.

Objective:

The present study aimed to compare middle latency auditory evoked potentials (MLAEPs) recorded during (i) High-frequency yoga breathing (HFYB), (ii) Breath awareness (BAW), and (iii) Quiet rest (QR) as a control in experienced yoga practitioners.

Materials and Methods:

The MLAEPs were recorded before, during, and after the practice of HFYB compared to an equal duration of BAW and QR in 22 university students whose ages ranged from 18 to 28 years, recorded from the vertex referenced to linked earlobes and the ground electrode on forehead.

Results:

The peak amplitude of the Pa wave was significantly increased during HFYB compared to before HFYB (repeated measures ANOVA, post hoc analysis with least significant difference, P < 0.05). During BAW, the peak amplitude of the Na wave was significantly increased compared to before BAW (P < 0.05). During QR, the peak latency of “Pa” and “Nb” waves was significantly increased compared to before QR (P < 0.01).

Conclusions:

The findings suggest that changes in MLAEPs during HFYB, BAW, and QR were different and distinct. Both interventional sessions appear to increase the recruitment of neural resources in the primary auditory cortex, whereas QR appears to slow transmission within the thalamic reticular projection to the cortex. Generalizing the findings is restricted by the sample being confined to male experienced practitioners of yoga breathing.
Yoga and Cardiovascular Diseases – A Mechanistic Review
Authors: Murugesan Praveen
Published: September 2024

Yoga is an ancient Indian practice that involves the mind and body. It is a combination of physical exercises and postures with a focus on deep breathing and meditation. Yoga thereby promotes a healthy lifestyle which is one of the key factors in the prevention of various cardiovascular diseases. The practice of yoga might hence be effective in preventing the onset of these diseases. Yoga exerts its beneficial effects by favorable modulation of the autonomic system, reduction in oxidative stress, decreased inflammatory stress, improved endothelial function, and epigenetic changes. These changes might contribute not only to the prevention of cardiovascular diseases but also to delaying and preventing the onset of various modifiable cardiovascular risk factors. This review aims to delineate the possible mechanisms of the effect of yoga on cardiovascular health and its potential beneficial effects.
Effect of Volitional Modification of Breath Frequency on Attention and Mood States: An Exploratory Randomized Crossover Study
Authors: Aacharya Chetan , Sharma Sachin Kumar , Balkrishna Acharya , Telles Shirley
Published: September 2024

Background:

Previously, yoga breathing improved mood states and attention but the effect of varying breath frequency on mood and attention was not clear.

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of changes in breath frequency on attention, mood, vigor, and affect states.

Materials and Methods:

Thirty participants (mean age ± standard deviation, 27.3 ± 4.2 years) were assessed on 2 separate days practicing either high-frequency yoga breathing (HFYB, breath frequency 54.23/min) or bumblebee yoga breathing (BBYB, breath frequency 3.97/min) in random order. Assessments included blood pressure (BP), cancellation test scores, Nijmegen (to check for hyperventilation), respiration (rate, height of the breath wave [depth], and duration of inhalation relative to exhalation), mood states, vigor, and affect states.

Results:

Diastolic BP increased after HFYB, whereas systolic BP decreased after BBYB, after both sessions scores in a cancellation test increased (changes in cancellation test performance suggest alertness and test-directed attention), also global vigor (signifying mental energy) and global affect (related to being “happy” and “calm”) scores increased, whereas negative mood decreased after HFYB session (P< 0.05, Wilcoxon signed-rank test).

Conclusion:

Both HFYB and BBYB increased attention test scores, possibly due to cortical activation (HFYB) or relaxation (BBYB). In HFYB, breath frequency and inspiration duration increased suggestive of increased sympathetic activity, accounting for increased vigor, positive affect, and diastolic BP. In contrast in BBYB, low breath frequency, higher breath amplitude, and prolonged expiration suggestive of parasympathetic activity may account for the decreased systolic BP after BBYB.
Spectrum of Clinical, Genetic, and Ethnicity of Megalencephalic Leukoencephalopathy with Subcortical Cysts – Case Series
Authors: Krishnaveni Vanapala , Harikrishna Ganaraja Valakunja , Mala Kavya , Konnur Akshay , Kodapala Suresha
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts (MLCs) also called as Vander Knapp disease is an inherited autosomal recessive disorder with characteristic brain imaging features and a variable but relatively benign clinical course. It has been reported commonly from a certain ethnicity of north Indian origin. However, reports from other parts of India are very less. Hereby, we report our experience with three genetically proven MLC patients, and in this series, we describe the clinical, radiological, and genetic features of these patients. There were few unusual presentations such as neuropsychiatric manifestation observed along with typical clinical brain imaging features. All the patients belonged to different ethnic groups highlighting varied clinical presentation of this rare form of genetically medicated neurodegenerative disorder.
Visual Outcome and Complications in White Mature Cataracts after Phacoemulsification
Authors: Jaiswal Komal , Rathi Rishabh , Jain Amisha , Gaur Ashish , Nema Nitin
Published: September 2024

PURPOSE:

To identify risk factors and perioperative complications and assess postoperative visual outcome in patients of white mature cataracts undergoing phacoemulsification surgery.

METHODS:

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 46 patients of white mature cataract undergoing phacoemulsification. Preoperatively, a detailed ocular examination was done, and anterior chamber depth (ACD) and lens thickness (LT) were measured on ultrasound biomicroscopy. Intraoperative and postoperative complications (on days 1, 7, and 30) and best-corrected visual acuity on postoperative day 30 were noted.

RESULTS:

The mean age of patients was 60.78 ± 9.001 years. The study group consisted of 41.3% of males and 58.7% of females. 8 (19.56%) cases encountered complications during phacoemulsification surgery. The intraoperative complications were capsulorhexis-related in 5 (10.86%) patients, posterior capsular rent in 2 (4.3%) patients, and 1 (2.17%) case had zonular dialysis. There was no difference in mean ACD and LT in cases who developed complications and those who underwent uneventful surgery (P > 0.05). The commonly observed postoperative complications on day 1 were corneal edema (41.3%), anterior chamber flare (45.65%), and cells (39.13%) which resolved with routine topical medications. All patients showed a significant reduction in postoperative intraocular pressure (P < 0.001). A total of 37 (80.43%) eyes regained vision between 6/6 and 6/9 postoperatively (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:

Phacoemulsification surgery is safe in white mature cataract that results in significant visual improvement. Common intraoperative complications are capsule related, while frequently encountered postoperative complications are corneal edema and anterior chamber reaction. Preoperative ACD and LT have no role in predicting intraoperative complications.
Spondyloarthritis Associated with Uveitis: A Review
Authors: Toufik Hamza , Ghassem Mohammed A. , Majjad Abderrahim , Mounach Aziza , Bezza Ahmed
Published: September 2024

Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a group of chronic inflammatory rheumatism characterized by common clinical, radiological, and biological manifestations occurring on a predisposing genetic background dominated by the HLA-B27 antigen. Acute anterior uveitis is the most common extra-articular feature of SpA. The objective of this review is to describe the prevalence, demographic characteristics, factors favoring the occurrence of uveitis in patients with SpA, clinical manifestations, and their therapeutic management.
Childhood Myopic Foveoschisis in LRPAP1-associated Myopia
Authors: Almazyead Mohammad , Alfakhri Abdullmajeed S. , Alsulaiman Sulaiman M.
Published: September 2024

This case reports the development of foveoschisis in a child with high myopia due to a homozygous LRPAP1 pathogenic variant. A 9-year-old girl with high myopia due to a homozygous mutation in the LRPAP1 gene and a history of retinal detachment repair in her right eye, presented on follow-up with progressive myopic foveoschisis in the left eye noted on optical coherence tomography. The schitic changes evolved into a lamellar macular hole and required vitrectomy. Postoperatively, stabilization of the condition was achieved. Myopic foveoschisis could develop in childhood in the setting of recessive LRPAP1 pathogenic variants. Long_term follow-up is needed to determine the natural history of early-onset myopic foveoschisis.
Pro re nata Treatment of Diabetic Macular Edema with Cycles of Three Injections of Anti-vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Injections
Authors: Rehmani Ahmad , Banaee Touka , Alwan Shadan , Urias Elizabeth , Lyons Lance , El-Annan Jaafar
Published: September 2024

PURPOSE:

The purpose of this study was to report the visual and anatomic results at 12 and 24 months using the protocol of 3 monthly pro re nata (PRN) injections for diabetic macular edema (DME).

METHODS:

This was a retrospective chart review of 97 eyes with DME treated with a protocol of cycles consisting of 3 monthly injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs on a PRN basis. Change in visual acuity was the main outcome measure. Macular thickness, number of injections, cycles, and visits in years 1 and 2 of follow-up were secondary outcomes.

RESULTS:

Ninety-six patients with a mean age of 60.9 ± 9.96 years were followed for a mean of 22.17 ± 12.30 months. Ninety-two (95.9%), 3 (3%), and 1 (1%) patients were started on bevacizumab, ranibizumab, and aflibercept, respectively. Of bevacizumab patients, 17 (18.2%) were eventually switched to aflibercept. The mean 12-month improvement (standard deviation [SD]) was + 3.3 (17.4) letters (95% confidence interval [CI] = +0.36–+7.05, P < 0.001) after an average (SD) of 5.97 (2.98) injections over a mean (SD) of 1.7 (1.0) three-injection cycles. The mean 24-month improvement (SD) was + 5.6 (13.0) letters (95% CI: −0.28–11.05, P = 0.0186) after an average (SD) of 8.72 (6.31) injections over a mean (SD) of 2.9 (2.1) three-injection cycles. The mean central macular thickness (SD) at baseline, 12 months, and 24 months was 374 ± 120, 322 ± 88, and 305 ± 70 µm. Optical coherence tomography was fluid free at 12 and 24 months in 27.6% and 46% of eyes, respectively.

CONCLUSION:

Comparable to real-world studies, this protocol can stabilize or improve vision in more than 85% of DME patients over 24 months. The most important factor in improvement of vision is increasing number of injections and visits.
A Clinical Study on Severity of Dry Eye in Individuals with Pterygium at a Tertiary Hospital in South Kerala
Authors: Ramakrishnan Hari , John Jewel
Published: September 2024

PURPOSE:

To assess the severity of dry eye in individuals with pterygium in a tertiary care hospital.

METHODS:

This cross-sectional study was done on 70 individuals with pterygium who were attending the outpatient department of ophthalmology. Objective dry eye tests were done, including Schirmer’s tests 1 and 2, tear film breakup time, and tear meniscus height (TMH). In this study, patients with one or more positive clinical tests were diagnosed to have dry eyes. Dry eye was graded as mild, moderate, severe, or severe disabling.

RESULTS:

Among 140 eyes, 79 eyes had pterygium. According to Schirmer’s test 1 in eyes with pterygium, 29.1% of the eyes had mild dry eyes, and 26.6% had moderate dry eyes. According to Schirmer’s test 2 in eyes with pterygium, 25.3% of the eyes had mild dry eyes, and 26.6% had moderate dry eyes. Tear film breakup time in eyes with pterygium showed a mild dry eye in 25.3% and moderate dry eye in 17.7%. TMH in eyes with pterygium was low at 7.6%.

CONCLUSION:

The majority of eyes with pterygium have mild or moderate dry eye according to Schirmer’s test 1, Schirmer’s test 2, and tear film breakup time. No eyes with pterygium have severe dry eyes. TMH was also low in a small proportion of eyes with pterygium. Dry eye evaluation by Schirmer’s test and tear breakup time is, therefore, a crucial clinical tool for early detection and prompt management of dry eye syndrome in pterygium patients.
Serum Calprotectin Level in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with and without Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Comparison Study
Authors: Salem Israa Abdelmalik , Abdulsattar Sura Ahmed , Alrubaye Haider Fadhil
Published: September 2024

Background:

Peripheral neuropathy is one of the microvascular complications that affects patients with diabetes mellitus and involves both sensory and motor nerves. The development and the progress of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) were ascribed to the inflammatory activity of the immune cells in the nerves. Calprotectin (CLP) is a heterodimer protein found in the membranes of monocytes and other inflammatory cells and the cytosol of neutrophils and released from them up to activation.

Aim of Study:

Evaluation of serum CLP level as a potential inflammatory biomarker for the occurrence of DPN in type 2 diabetic patients.

Patients and Methods:

one hundred and twenty-six patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomly selected from those who attended the National Diabetic Center between December 2022 and July 2023. Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI) and nerve conduction study (NCS) were used for grouping the patients. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique has been used to measure serum CLP levels.

Results:

Serum levels of CLP showed no significant differences among patients with and those without diabetic peripheral neuropathy according to their NCS findings and the total scores for each and for both in combination according to the subgroups (P > 0.05).

Conclusions and Recommendations:

The serum level of CLP in type 2 diabetic patients was not affected by the occurrence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Further studies are required on newly diagnosed patients and a larger sample size.
Efficacy and Safety of Oral Itraconazole and Griseofulvin versus Itraconazole Alone in Patients with Tinea Corporis and Cruris Infection: A Comparative Clinical Study
Authors: Saleh Yagub Salem , Mohammad Bassim I. , Kubaisi Thamir A.
Published: September 2024

Background:

Dermatophytosis (tinea) is a worldwide prevalent superficial fungal infection limited to the epidermis, mucosa, hair, and nails. Iraq, like many other countries around the world, is facing the emergence of chronic, resistant, and relapsing tinea infections.

Aims:

The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and relapse rate of a combination of itraconazole and griseofulvin versus itraconazole alone in the treatment of chronic tinea infections.

Patients and Methods:

The research was conducted over 14 months. Patients were divided equally into two groups, each with 55 patients. Group I received a combination of itraconazole and griseofulvin, whereas Group II was on itraconazole alone for 8 weeks. For the assessment of the relapse rate, follow-up was for another 2 months.

Results:

The mean age (±standard deviation) of the total was 31.27 ± 12.08 years. Males were 71 (64.5%) and females were 39 (35.5%). There was no significant difference in their residency. Family history was positive in the majority of patients, 90 (81.8%). After 2 weeks of treatment, a marked cure was achieved by 34 (61.8%) patients in Group I and 21 (38.2%) in Group II. After 8 weeks, the complete cure was 51 (92.8%) in Group I and 38 (69%) in Group II (P < 0.00). The marked cure was 4 (7.2%) in Group I, whereas 17 (31%) in Group II. The relapse rate after 16 weeks was 7 (12.7%) in Group I and 34 (61.8%) in Group II (P < 0.00).

Conclusions:

We concluded that therapeutic regimens of itraconazole and griseofulvin were effective, safe, and well tolerated, with a low relapse rate.
Comparison of two different preload targets of stroke volume variation during kidney transplantation: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Yang Seong-Mi , Song Seung Eun , Jung Ji-Yoon , Ju Jae-Woo , Sohn Jin Young , Lee Ho-Jin , Kim Won Ho
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Maintaining adequate preload during kidney transplantation (KT) is important for graft function. We evaluated whether a high or low normal target for a dynamic preload index of stroke volume variation (SVV) would impact graft function during living donor KT.

Methods:

We compared haemodynamic management algorithms using two different targets of SVV: SVV6% group (n = 30) versus SVV12% group (n = 30). Crystalloids were administered to achieve SVV less than the assigned target. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) level at the end of surgery was compared. We also compared the incidence of delayed graft function (DGF), daily serum creatinine level and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) until 2 weeks postoperatively.

Results:

The total amount of crystalloids administered was significantly different between the SVV6% and SVV12% groups (median [interquartile range] 2,250 [1,700–3,600] vs. 1,350 [1,050–1,900], P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in NGAL level at the end of the operation between the SVV6% and SVV12% groups (395 [234–560] vs. 518 [346–654], P = 0.115). The incidence of DGF was not significantly different, and there was no significant difference in the postoperative serum creatinine levels or GFR between the groups.

Conclusions:

Our randomised trial demonstrated that an SVV target of either 6% or 12% could be adequate as a preload management target for postoperative graft function during living donor KT. However, given the low incidence of DGF in living donor KT and type II error, our study should be interpreted carefully and further studies for deceased donor KT are required.
Central visual field in glaucoma: An updated review
Authors: Du Kelvin H. , Kamalipour Alireza , Moghimi Sasan
Published: September 2024

Evaluation of central vision in glaucoma is important due to its impact on patients’ quality of life and activities of daily living such as reading, driving, and walking. The 10-2 visual field (VF) assessment remains a mainstay in the functional analysis of central vision in glaucoma diagnosis and progression. However, it may be underutilized in clinical practice. Monitoring of disease progression especially in advanced cases, glaucoma evaluation in certain ocular disorders such as high myopia, disc hemorrhage, low corneal hysteresis, and certain optic disc phenotypes, as well as earlier detection of central VF damage, are certain conditions where additional monitoring with the 10-2 pattern may provide complementary clinical information to the commonly utilized 24-2 pattern. In addition, the development of artificial intelligence techniques may assist clinicians to most effectively allocate limited resources by identifying more risk factors to central VF damage. In this study, we aimed to determine specific patient characteristics that make central VF damage more likely and to assess the benefit of incorporating the 10-2 VF in various clinical settings.
Artificial intelligence and big data integration in anterior segment imaging for glaucoma
Authors: Chansangpetch Sunee , Ittarat Mantapond , Cheungpasitporn Wisit , Lin Shan C.
Published: September 2024

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data in anterior segment (AS) imaging represents a transformative approach to glaucoma diagnosis and management. This article explores various AS imaging techniques, such as AS optical coherence tomography, ultrasound biomicroscopy, and goniophotography, highlighting their roles in identifying angle-closure diseases. The review focuses on advancements in AI, including machine learning and deep learning, which enhance image analysis and automate complex processes in glaucoma care, and provides current evidence on the performance and clinical applications of these technologies. In addition, the article discusses the integration of big data, detailing its potential to revolutionize medical imaging by enabling comprehensive data analysis, fostering enhanced clinical decision-making, and facilitating personalized treatment strategies. In this article, we address the challenges of standardizing and integrating diverse data sets and suggest that future collaborations and technological advancements could substantially improve the management and research of glaucoma. This synthesis of current evidence and new technologies emphasizes their clinical relevance, offering insights into their potential to change traditional approaches to glaucoma evaluation and care.
Big data in visual field testing for glaucoma
Authors: Pham Alex T. , Pan Annabelle A. , Yohannan Jithin
Published: September 2024

Recent technological advancements and the advent of ever-growing databases in health care have fueled the emergence of “big data” analytics. Big data has the potential to revolutionize health care, particularly ophthalmology, given the data-intensive nature of the medical specialty. As one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness worldwide, glaucoma is an ocular disease that receives significant interest for developing innovations in eye care. Among the most vital sources of data in glaucoma is visual field (VF) testing, which stands as a cornerstone for diagnosing and managing the disease. The expanding accessibility of large VF databases has led to a surge in studies investigating various applications of big data analytics in glaucoma. In this study, we review the use of big data for evaluating the reliability of VF tests, gaining insights into real-world clinical practices and outcomes, understanding new disease associations and risk factors, characterizing the patterns of VF loss, defining the structure–function relationship of glaucoma, enhancing early diagnosis or earlier detection of progression, informing clinical decisions, and improving clinical trials. Equally important, we discuss current challenges in big data analytics and future directions for improvement.
Применение подхода Римана-Гильберта к связанным нелинейным уравнениям Шредингера на полупрямой
Authors: Wang Shun , Li Jian
Published: September 2024

С помощью метода Фокаса исследованы связанные нелинейные уравнения Шредингера на полупрямой. Решения этих уравнений выражаются через решения двух матричных задач Римана-Гильберта в комплексной плоскости спектрального параметра. Элементы матриц скачков в задаче Римана-Гильберта строятся из спектральных функций и выводятся из начальных и граничных значений. Спектральные функции не являются независимыми, а удовлетворяют условию совместности, т. е. так называемому глобальному условию. Таким образом, если начальное и граничное значения согласованны, а спектральные функции удовлетворяют глобальному условию, то задача Римана-Гильберта разрешима, следовательно, разрешимы связанные нелинейные уравнения Шредингера на полупрямой.
Flowering Phenology and SiDREB2-based SNAP Marker-assisted Hybridity Confirmation for Artificial Hybridization of Indonesian Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica L. Beauv) Genotypes
Authors: Nugroho Rizki Bagus , Chusnah Uswatun , Suwarno Willy Bayuardi , Ardie Sintho Wahyuning
Published: September 2024

Foxtail millet hybrid development encounters challenges due to its self-pollinating nature, small florets, and tool availability for confirming true hybrid. Our research aimed to assess flowering phenology and explore artificial hybridization employing SiDREB2 based-SNAP marker. The research consisted of three experiments. The first experiment focused on the panicle phenology of foxtail millet, while the second experiment focused on floret phenology and reproductive organs. The artificial hybridization successfulness was validated with SNAP markers based on the SiDREB2 gene in the third experiment. Observations on two genotypes (ICERI-5 and ICERI-6) revealed panicle initiation at 49–69 days after planting (DAP), with anthesis occurring 6 days after panicle emergence (DAPE). Florets exhibited the formation of reproductive organs at 3 DAPE, delineating distinct stages of pollen development leading up to anthesis. Our findings emphasized the significance of implementing male-sterile induction treatment at 4 DAPE to regulate pollen development for successful hybridization by 6 DAPE. The hybrid evaluation revealed varied germination rates and confirmed hybrid percentages across different crossing series, validated by SiDREB2-based SNAP marker. ICERI-5×Botok-4 exhibited high germination but a low confirmed hybrid percentage, while Botok-4×ICERI-5 and Botok-10×ICERI-6 showed the opposite trend. Reciprocal crossings showed unilateral incompatibility in confirmed hybrid percentage.
„Zofiówka” Szczęsnego Potockiego wśród ukraińskich stepów
Authors: Czyż Lidia Maria
Published: September 2024

Between Tulczyn and Uman in southwestern Ukraine, on the estate of Szczęsny Potocki, in the years 1796–1802 the park-garden „Zofiovka” was created, one of the most beautiful in 18th century Europe. The architect and contractor of the arboretum was L. Metzell. The most famous description is S. Trembecki’s poem „Zofiovka”, like the name of the park. They also wrote about the unique work of gardening art J.U. Niemcewicz i A. Mickiewicz. The unfinished novel by J. Słowacki „The King of Ladava” takes place in „Zofi ovka”. This unique steppe park is under the care of the State Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, in 1995 it received the Europa Nostra Medal.
Imprints of seawater intrusion on groundwater quality of coastal region of Pudukkottai district, India: An integrated approach
Authors: Tharik Mohamed , Vijayaraghavalu Sai Saraswathi
Published: September 2024

Climate change and groundwater overexploitation endanger the sustainability of groundwater in India, particularly in the coastal region of Tamil Nadu. The increasing population, agricultural and industrial development, raised the demand for groundwater in the Coastal area of Pudukottai District, Tamil Nadu. Seawater intrusion establishes a challenging environment for freshwater management in coastal areas. A total of 64 groundwater samples were collected from different places, including borewells and open wells. The seawater intrusion is evaluated using the statistical method and physiochemical analysis such as water indices, ionic ratio and hydrochemical facies. As per the results of the groundwater quality index, 93% of the samples were not suitable for drinking as the examined parameter exceeded the Indian Standards. Piper’s diagram classify the Coastal groundwater into mixed Ca2+-Na+-HCO3-, Na+- HCO3- and Na+-Cl- type as the dominant. As per the seawater mixing index, 78% of the groundwater samples were affected by seawater intrusion. Further, the results of the ionic ratio (Na+/Cl-, Mg2+/Cl-, Ca2+/Mg2+, Ca2+/SO4, Ca2+/HCO3-) identify the salinization influence in the groundwater. The thematic maps created with the QGIS platform effectively to define the area of seawater intrusion. This study contributes to establishing a firm basis for decision-makers to enhance coastal groundwater management.
El papel crucial del contenido de carbohidratos y proteínas en la raíz de Parkinsonia aculeata frente a salinidad y sequia en el semidesierto de Sonora, México
Authors: Herrera-Sepúlveda Angélica , Peñuelas-Rubio Ofelda , Arias-Moscoso Joe Luis , Cadena Francisco Cadena , Mondaca Iram , Aguilera Jorge González , Argentel-Martínez Leandris
Published: September 2024

El cambio climático está alterando los patrones de precipitación y temperatura, afectando a los ecosistemas y cultivos, por lo que es vital estudiar a adaptación al estrés abiótico, especialmente en zonas áridas. Parkinsonia aculeata es una especie del semi-desierto de Sonora. Evaluar su respuesta frente al estrés por salinidad y sequía; determinando el impacto de estas condiciones en el contenido de carbohidratos y proteínas totales en las raíces utilizando métodos estándar es el objetivo del presente trabajo. Al evaluar las raíces el contenido de carbohidratos fue mayor en el sitio con salinidad (3.803 mg g-1 ms) comparado con el sitio con sequía (3.696 mg g-1 ms). En contraste, el contenido de proteínas fue mayor en el sitio afectado por sequía (5.632 mg g-1 ms) en relación a la afectación por salinidad (2.132 mg g-1 ms). Estas diferencias indican que las raíces de P. aculeata responden de manera distinta a la salinidad y a la sequía, adaptándose a las condiciones abióticas específicas, por lo que potencialmente pueden ser utilizados como indicadores clave de la adaptación de la planta al estrés abiótico, proporcionando información valiosa para la ecología y conservación de ecosistemas áridos en el contexto del cambio climático.
Joaquín Torres García: el álbum Structures de 1932
Authors: Schwartz Jorge
Published: September 2024

Este artículo tiene como tema central el álbum inédito Structures de Joaquín Torres García, con fecha de 1932. La investigación sobre ese álbum me llevó a otros artistas como el italiano Umberto Boccioni, la alemana Hannah Höch y el argentino Alejandro Xul Solar. Como tipo de coleccionismo, el álbum es un procedimiento marginal con respecto a la forma y naturaleza de la obra por la que estos creadores son conocidos en el mundo del arte. Y por eso mismo, estos “álbumes” han inspirado un buen número de indagaciones. Podemos conjeturar que se trata de una tradición o de un hábito, poco o nada estudiados en la historia del arte, que encuentra en el trabajo extraordinario de Aby Warburg un punto de partida tanto como de fuga.
Toxoplasmosis del sistema nervioso central y vih: revisión de la literatura
Authors: Saca Blanca , Salas Contreras Francy Hollminn , Cobos Alvarracin Marcia Yolanda
Published: September 2024

En odontología, se han logrado avances notables en las últimas décadas con un enfoque en la eficiencia terapéutica y la mejora de la experiencia del paciente, uno de los desafíos clave en este campo es acelerar el movimiento dental, lo que puede reducir la duración de los tratamientos ortodóncicos y minimizar el impacto negativo en los tejidos periodontales. Analizar la aplicación de la osteotomía y la corticotomía en la ortodoncia acelerada. Para llevar a cabo esta revisión, se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva en bases de datos científicas, desde 2018 hasta 2023, en inglés y español, se utilizaron términos controlados y descriptores relacionados con la osteotomía, la corticotomía y la aceleración del movimiento dental. Se aplicaron criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Los 12 estudios revisados muestran que tanto la corticotomía como la osteotomía tienen un impacto positivo en la aceleración del movimiento dental, reduciendo la densidad del hueso cortical y disminuyendo la resistencia al desplazamiento dental, la eficacia de estas técnicas puede variar. Tanto la corticotomía como la osteotomía son técnicas quirúrgicas valiosas en la ortodoncia acelerada, con la capacidad de modificar las propiedades del tejido óseo circundante y facilitar el movimiento dental.
Learning and Leading Globally: An Interview with the 2024 AIB Educator of the Year Frank Bournois
Authors: Bournois Frank , Prashantham Shameen
Published: September 2024

Frank Bournois, Dean, China Europe International Business School and former Dean, ESCP was the recipient of the 2024 AIB Educator of the Year Award. This article provides excerpts of an interview with Dean Bournois conducted by a colleague at CEIBS and long-standing AIB member. At least three important lessons for international business scholars are offered. First, it is vital to balance and synergize knowledge creation and dissemination. Second, fostering cross-culturally intelligent talent for international organizations needs to be a priority for business schools and academics. Third, in the current geopolitically fraught times we face, it is vitally important for international business schools and scholars to facilitate the building of bridges between East and West by mobilizing multiple stakeholders representing business and non-market organizations actors. A key overarching theme, as explicitly noted in the conclusion, is the inextricable link between learning and leading which needs to be intentionally nurtured.
Indonesian Preference of Teleconsultation Modality: Qualitative Study
Authors: Ria Wibowo Yossico , Djunita Pasaribu Rina
Published: September 2024

Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, telemedicine users throughout the world have increased, including in Indonesia. Since COVID-19 pandemic, telemedicine is a business platform in the health sector with increasing number of users. Minister of Health Regulation Number 20 of 2019, which is currently the basis for implementing telemedicine in Indonesia, does not regulate the use of teleconsultation media used for diagnosis on telemedicine platforms. This research aims to provide recommendations regarding the use of teleconsultation media on telemedicine platforms. In this study, data was obtained from interviews with thirty-three participants. In conclusion, the video call feature should be a mandatory modality for teleconsultation, but it is optional to use and with adjusted teleconsultation fees.