bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rim 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake of hepatic cavernous hemangioma on positron emission tomography/computed tomography: A case report
Authors: Hu Yong-An , Guo Ya-Xin , Huang Qi-Feng
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Peripheral FDG accumulation in a hepatic hemangioma presenting in a patient with prolonged fever is rare. Therefore, clinicians should pay close attention to patients with hepatic mass.

CASE SUMMARY

A 54-year-old woman with a 4-wk history of daily fevers was admitted to our hospital. A whole body 18F-Fluordesoxyglucose (PET-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) was performed to elucidate the source of the fever. However, whole body 18F-FDG PET/CT raised the suspicion of a malignant lesion because of peripheral FDG accumulation (SUVmax 3.5 g/mL) higher than that of the normal liver parenchyma (SUVmax 1.6 g/mL) surrounding a hypoactive area, and no other abnormalities were showed. Subsequently, the patient underwent liver mass resection. Histopathology showed a hepatic cavernous hemangioma with fatty infiltration around the lesion. The fever disappeared four days after surgery and the patient did not present any complications during follow-up.

CONCLUSION

Fatty infiltration in the peripheral parts of hepatic cavernous hemangioma may lead to subacute inflammation which further activate the Kupffer cells. This may cause prolonged fever and peripheral rim FDG accumulation on PET/CT.
Recovering from prolonged cardiac arrest induced by electric shock: A case report
Authors: Zhang Jian , Qiao Yan-Ru , Yang Ya-Dong , Pan Guo-Zheng , Lv Chong-Qing
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Cardiac arrest (CA) induced by electric shock is a rare occurrence, particularly in cases of prolonged CA. Currently, there is limited literature on similar incidents, and we present a relevant case report.

CASE SUMMARY

A 27-year-old Asian male man, experiencing respiratory CA due to electric shock, was successfully restored to sinus rhythm after 50 min of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and 8 electrical defibrillation sessions. In the subsequent stages, the patient received multiple organ function protection measures, leading to a successful recovery and eventual discharge from the hospital.

CONCLUSION

Prolonging resuscitation time can enhance the chances of survival for patients, this study provide valuable insights into the management of electric shock-induced CA.
Refractory autoimmune hemolytic anemia in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus and ulcerative colitis: A case report
Authors: Chen Dai-Xing , Wu Yue , Zhang Sui-Feng , Yang Xiao-Jun
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Ulcerative colitis (UC) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are both systemic immunoreactive diseases, and their pathogenesis depends on the interaction between genes and environmental factors. There are no reports of UC with SLE in China, but six cases of SLE with UC have been reported in China. The combination of these two diseases has distinct effects on the pathogenesis of both diseases.

CASE SUMMARY

A female patient (30 years old) came to our hospital due to dull umbilical pain, diarrhea and mucous bloody stool in August 2018 and was diagnosed with UC. The symptoms were relieved after oral administration of mesalazine (1 g po tid) or folic acid (5 mg po qd), and the patient were fed a control diet. On June 24, 2019, the patient was admitted for treatment due to anemia and tinnitus. During hospitalization, the patient had repeated low-grade fever and a progressively decreased Hb level. Blood tests revealed positive antinuclear antibody test, positive anti-dsDNA antibody, 0.24 g/L C3 (0.9-1.8 g/L), 0.04 g/L C4 (0.1-0.4 g/L), 32.37 g/L immunoglobulin (8-17 g/L), and 31568.1 mg/24 h total 24-h urine protein (0-150 mg/24 h). The patient was diagnosed with SLE involving the joints, kidneys and blood system. Previously reported cases of SLE were retrieved from PubMed to characterize clinicopathological features and identify prognostic factors for SLE.

CONCLUSION

The patient was discharged in remission after a series of treatments, such as intravenous methylprednisolone sodium succinate, intravenous human immunoglobulin, cyclophosphamide injection, and plasma exchange. After discharge, the patient took oral prednisone acetate tablets, cyclosporine capsules, hydroxychloroquine sulfate tablets and other treatments for symptoms and was followed up regularly for 1 month, after which the patient's condition continued to improve and stabilize.
Cryopreservation of Large Number of Human Hematopoietic Cells – A Model for Research Space with Limited Resources
Authors: Ayer Seda , Greco Steven J. , Guiro Khadidiatou , Sherman Lauren S. , Shadpoor Bobak , Petryna Andrew , Kenfack Yannick , Rameshwar Pranela
Published: April 2024

Unlike cell lines, cells from primary human tissues are valuable, requiring storage for long-term use. Large number of primary cells require the most efficient method of shipment, when relevant, and cryopreservation to preserve the viability and function. Shipping of cells could be determined by the specific experimental question. These issues are particularly important for primary cells such as hematopoietic stem cells, which cannot expand in vitro. There is minimum issues when cryopreserving relatively small number of cells from tissues such as umbilical cord blood and bone marrow aspirates. However, cryopreservation of >200 × 109 primary cells comes with challenges to identify the most efficient method for long-term storage. Here we report on processes to achieve efficient cell health and recovery of hematopoietic cells from mobilized peripheral blood cells (MPBs). We also determined overnight shipment of MPBs led to overall outcomes when shipped in the cold, as compared to room temperature. We found that cryopreservation of 50 × 106 cells in 2 mL led to maximum recovery of hematopoietic cell subsets. The implication for these conditions to achieve efficient long-term storage is discussed. These methods will benefit small research laboratories such as those at academic settings and start-up companies with limited resources.
Targeted Disruption of PDCD2 Delays G1/S Transition in Lung Carcinoma by Inhibiting Cyclin D1 Transcription
Authors: Barboza Nora , Medina Daniel J. , Sinha Garima , Sadimin Evita , Lee Kuo-Chieh , Rather Gulam M. , Greco Steven J.
Published: April 2024

We previously reported on high expression of define PDCD2 in human malignancies. Knockdown of PDCD2 reduced the proliferation of leukemia and lung carcinoma cells. However, the mechanism by which PDCD2 reduces tumor proliferation remains unclear. This study tested the hypothesis that lowered PDCD2 would delay the proliferation of A549 lung carcinoma cells. Entry of A549 cells into S-phase was significantly (p-value 0.05) delayed when PDCD2 was knockdown. This correlated with a significant downregulation of cyclin D1, and AKT phosphorylation. Inhibition of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by Ly294002 decreased levels of PDCD2. These findings are consistent with a role for PDCD2 to mediate the entry of A549 cells into the cell cycle. Resting A549 cells showed PDCD2 localizing in the nucleus and plasma membrane and became diffuse with cell division, suggesting that PDCD2 is mitogen-dependent and may be involved in the proper timing of cell cycle. These findings may represent a promising venue to develop PDCD2 in clinical applications.
Long Term Rejuvenation of Facial Skin by Transplantation of Autologous Stromal Vascular Fraction and Pre-conditioned Matrix: A Clinical Study
Authors: Phu N. Cuylits. , Nizet J. L. , Waxweiler C. , Fouarge A. , Dirat B. , Santran V.
Published: April 2024

Background: For skin rejuvenation, today no procedure describes a specific treatment of the extracellular matrix (ECM) combined with stromal vascular fraction (SVF) from adipose tissue. A new product AmeaCell® , allows SVF extraction and ECM preconditioning in hypoxic conditions. Hypoxia significantly increased the adhesion of adipose derived stem cells and enhace their proliferation and differentiation.
Objective: This clinical study aimed to evaluate safety and efficiency of this new procedure, over one year.
Material and methods: The study was performed on 23 patients. After a liposuction and fat proceed, SVF and the matrix were extracted and preconditioned following Ameacell® procedure, then injected into wrinkles. Results were scored for WSRS and GAIS scales at 6, 12 months after surgery.
Results: No serious adverse reactions occurred. Regarding efficiency, whatever the baseline, the Ameacell® procedure triggered an improvement of WSRS score in most patients after one year follow-up: 75% of patients when WSRS score at baseline 2; 83% of patients when WSRS score at baseline 3. This is in accordance with the GAIS scored by both investigators and patients.
Conclusion: This one-year follow-up clinical study using Ameacell® procedure, exhibited an improvement of facial skin appearance.
Restore Veto Property in Low Dose Aspirin/ASA Treated Preeclampsia Placenta Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Insights Into ASA-mediated Clinical Response*
Authors: Powell Kimone A. , Sherman Lauren S. , Shadpoor Bobak , Williams Shauna F. , Rameshwar Pranela
Published: April 2024

Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy complication characterized by elevated blood pressure, proteinuria, and other laboratory abnormalities. PE affects 2–8% of pregnancies globally and can lead to preterm birth and other complications for the mother and fetus. Successful pregnancy depends on the ability of the mother’s immune system to tolerate the allogeneic fetus. However, in PE, this immune tolerance is exacerbated by inflammation. Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is important to retain an immune balance in healthy pregnancy. In PE, TGF-β level is reduced, with an imbalance of the T-cell subset pool to favor inflammation. Omics studies by our group reported an increase in TGF-β signaling when PE-derived placenta mesenchymal stem cells (P-MSCs) were treated with low dose aspirin (ASA). This correlated with increased cycling quiescence and epigenetic changes, resembling healthy P-MSCs. This study tested the hypothesis that ASA could restore the veto property of P-MSCs to mitigate inflammation. ASA (10 mM) treated P-MSCs from PE and healthy placentas increased TGFβ1 and its receptor. The ASA treated MSCs, when added as third-party cells to a one-way mixed lymphocyte reaction, suppressed T-cell proliferation. Prediction studies with omics data indicated that ASA-mediated TGFβ signaling could explain ASA-induced blunting of cell apoptosis. Together, the findings support ASA-mediated expression of TGFβ1 and its receptor on P-MSCs from PE to restore the ability to be licensed as immune suppressor to mitigate PE inflammation. The findings provide new insight into the benefit of ASA treatment for PE.
Porphyromonas gingivalis Infection is Associated with Increased Vascular Inflammation in Patients with and Without Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Levit Courtney , Wheeler Hannah , Sindelar Daniel , Brown Conville , Chronos Nicolas , Penn Marc S.
Published: April 2024

Vascular inflammation is a critical measure of risk for major adverse cardiac events in patients with and without known coronary artery disease. It is recognized that patients with poor oral hygiene tend to have an increased prevalence of coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction. Porphyromonas gingivalis (PG) is the keystone pathogen leading to periodontal disease. Despite evidence suggesting a link between active PG infection and coronary artery disease, there is limited data investigating whether PG can contribute to increased markers of vascular inflammation in patients with coronary artery disease. In this study, we studied 112 consecutive patients who presented at a community preventive cardiology clinic who consented to be assessed for the presence of PG. Subjects were enrolled in a mouth along assessment with measures of vascular inflammation, which was part of their routine clinical care. The average age of patients was 70.4 ± 8.5 years with 48.6% of the patients positive for PG and 20.5% with a history of coronary artery disease (CAD). The distribution of PG positivity was 48.3% and 34.8% in patients without and with a history of CAD, respectively. Patients with CAD have significantly greater levels of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP_ (1.3 ± 0.3 vs. 3.2 ± 1.1 mg/dL, p = 0.04) and MPO (245.1 ± 19.4 vs. 371.4 ± 39.1 pmol/L, p = 0.003). Patients without a history of CAD, only Myeloperoxidase (MPO) was significantly increased. Statin use was significantly greater in those patients with a history of CAD. Interestingly, statin use tended to be greater in PG+ patients (71% vs. 62%) regardless of CAD status. The data from this early study demonstrate a link between active PG infection and increase in markers of vascular inflammation, especially in patients with established CAD. The findings suggest PG as a marker of cardiovascular risk, especially in patients with residual inflammatory risk.
Desarrollo del pensamiento histórico en docentes en formación inicial mediante una metodología de aprendizaje-servicio
Authors: Martínez-Hernández Carlos
Published: April 2024

Bajo el marco teórico de las buenas prácticas educativas basadas en metodologías activas para el aprendizaje competencial, el objetivo principal de esta investigación es evaluar la eficacia didáctica, en términos de desarrollo del pensamiento histórico, de un proyecto de creación de una audioguía infantil mediante aprendizaje-servicio en un teatro romano musealizado con docentes en formación. Se cuantifica la implicación de los participantes en relación con su éxito académico, se analiza el rigor histórico y narrativo de la guionización de la información museística y se proporcionan indicadores de divulgación del pensamiento histórico generado. Se constata eficacia didáctica, con una alta implicación correlacionada con el éxito académico, una narrativa dialógica creativa e históricamente bien fundamentada, adaptada al desarrollo psicocognitivo de los usuarios, y una transferencia didáctica y social contrastada. Los resultados demuestran el valor de los métodos activos de aprendizaje para el pensamiento histórico, que también debe desarrollarse en los museos.
Educar desde la reflexión en acción la estrategia multimodal del baloncesto en la educación física de secundaria
Authors: Pla-Pla Paula , Lavega-Burgués Pere , Pic Miguel
Published: April 2024

La Educación Física está tendiendo hacia una visión sistémica, no solo favoreciendo el desarrollo de habilidades motrices, sino también de aspectos socioafectivos. Consecuentemente, surge la necesidad de realizar intervenciones significativas basadas en la educación de las conductas motrices. Para ello, analizamos una intervención sobre la estrategia motriz multimodal en baloncesto aplicada al alumnado de primero de educación secundaria. Para ello, se diseñó e implementó una propuesta innovadora focalizada en una estrategia deportiva multidimensional para el baloncesto, teniendo en cuenta la lógica interna y las cuatro dimensiones de la conducta motriz. La investigación es de corte cuantitativo y utiliza el cuestionario como instrumento de recogida de datos. Los resultados indican que la dimensión afectiva y orgánica está al servicio de la toma de decisiones y la lógica interna del deporte. Concretamente, ofrecer al alumnado un proceso de evaluación genera de forma explícita la incorporación y mejora de las dimensiones de la conducta motriz. Además, los datos alcanzan el máximo valor puntuado después de realizar la reflexión en acción con la evaluación del equipo rival. Asimismo, la educación de las conductas motrices es un aspecto clave para la mejora competencial del alumnado a través de educar la estrategia motriz.
Multiliteracidad crítica: Guía de recursos online para la formación inicial y permanente del profesorado
Authors: Hernando Velasco Alicia
Published: April 2024

La finalidad del proyecto de innovación docente Multiliteracidad crítica es la creación y difusión de recursos dirigidos a la alfabetización crítica multimodal a través de un proceso de colaboración interdisciplinar en el que participa profesorado del área de lengua y de educación artística de la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Este proyecto enlaza con una serie de propuestas de innovación anteriores coordinadas por el grupo de investigación ForMuLE cuyo objetivo ha sido profundizar en el proceso de análisis e implementación del modelo “Reading to Learn, Learning to Write” (Rose y Martin, 2012) para la mejora de las competencias discursivas en lengua escrita. En el marco de las tareas desarrolladas en las clases de Lengua y Didáctica de la Lengua, se analizaron y utilizaron herramientas para el diseño de infografías. Además, se diseñó una rúbrica para la evaluación de las mismas. Se compararon los resultados obtenidos en dos grupos de Grado tanto en la elaboración de infografías como en su evaluación y se observó que el grupo que participó en la innovación incorporó a sus competencias comunicativas y profesionales una mayor conciencia multimodal.
Didáctica de la Traducción e Interpretación en España: un estudio de las tesis doctorales defendidas entre 1976 y 2022
Authors: Rodrigues Carlos , Veiga Díaz María Teresa
Published: April 2024

Considerando la Didáctica de la Traducción e Interpretación, nuestro objetivo es ofrecer un mapeo y un estudio preliminar de las tesis doctorales desarrolladas en España en este campo. Para esta investigación, se realizó una búsqueda en la Base de Datos de Tesis Doctorales (Teseo), que recopila las tesis defendidas en España desde 1976. La búsqueda se llevó a cabo empleando una combinación de descriptores definidos a partir de términos tanto del campo de la Didáctica como de los Estudios de Traducción e Interpretación. Se identificó que entre 1976 y 2022 se defendieron 86 tesis relacionadas con la Didáctica de la Traducción e Interpretación. Una vez registradas las tesis, se realizaron categorizaciones y análisis en relación con diferentes aspectos, tales como las universidades donde se localizan las tesis, su distribución temporal, autoría y dirección, temas abordados, entre otros. En general, se observa un aumento en el número de investigaciones en este campo, si bien es cierto que también se detecta cierta variabilidad en el número de tesis defendidas por año. Estos resultados demuestran que la Didáctica de la Traducción e Interpretación es un área consolidada en España como campo de estudio de gran relevancia, especialmente destacado en algunas universidades.
Enseñanza gramatical, reflexión metalingüística y transferencia interlingüística en los libros de texto de inglés de Educación Primaria
Authors: Ballester Almagro Miriam , García-Pastor María Dolores , Rodríguez-Gonzalo Carmen
Published: April 2024

Este artículo se centra en la enseñanza de inglés como primera lengua extranjera en Educación Primaria en la Comunidad Valenciana. La enseñanza gramatical del inglés se ha basado principalmente en el uso del libro de texto, que debe atender demandas curriculares como la enseñanza reflexiva de las lenguas y la educación plurilingüe, presentes en recientes leyes educativas en España. Examinamos si estas demandas se atienden en 36 libros de texto de inglés de Primaria del 2004-2014 mediante el análisis del tratamiento didáctico que reciben los contenidos gramaticales y la transferencia interlingüística. Seguimos la Taxonomía de Bloom revisada por Anderson y Krathwohl (2001) y examinamos la presencia y la forma en la que se interrelacionan distintas lenguas. Los resultados indican que estos materiales promueven actividades cognitivas de orden inferior (recordar, comprender y aplicar) en la enseñanza gramatical, la presencia de actividades de reflexión metalingüística y relación entre lenguas es mínima, y solo se incluyen en los materiales de 3.º ciclo. Se observa la ausencia de un andamiaje gradual de operaciones cognitivas sencillas a complejas que apoye al alumnado a consolidar su conocimiento gramatical y desarrollar su competencia metalingüística en distintas lenguas, así como un tratamiento superficial de la transferencia interlingüística.
TFM de Formación del Profesorado de Secundaria Obligatoria y Bachillerato, Formación Profesional y Enseñanza de Idiomas
Authors: Calderón-Garrido Diego , Aránega Susanna
Published: April 2024

Introducción a la sección monográfica.
Difficult Discharge in the Context of Suspected Malingering: Reflections on the Value of Epistemic and Professional Independence
Authors: Palmer Amitabha , Gallagher Colleen
Published: April 2024

During a clinical ethics fellow’s first week of independent supervised service, two unhoused patients on the same floor were resisting the medical team’s recommendations to discharge. In the team’s view, both were medically stable and no longer required hospitalization in an acute setting. The medical team suspected malingering for both. The social worker and case manager had employed their usual means of gentle persuasion and eliminating psychosocial barriers to no avail. Rather than call the police, the attending physician, social worker, and case manager decided to call ethics. These cases lead the fledgling fellow to consider the appropriate role for ethicists in difficult discharge cases. The article analyzes each case, evaluates their similarities and differences in the context of suspected malingering, and comments on ethical issues surrounding cases of suspected malingering. Finally, I reflect on the value and importance of developing and maintaining epistemic and professional independence.
Rethinking Utopia as Form: Failure, Time, and the Political Subject of Anti-Capitalism
Authors: Happe Kelly E.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This essay theorizes utopianism as distinct from radical or revolutionary action and so capable of instantiating a desire for a world so different it cannot be represented. Asking whether "failure" is in fact a productive condition of possibility for utopianism, the essay considers a number of theoretical interventions including those of Fredric Jameson and Kathi Weeks. Drawing out the benefits and limits of these perspectives, the essay articulates utopianism's features and offers the demand for prison abolition as an example. Not only does this demand confront the impossibility of a different world, but it draws on the potentiality of past political agency and so posits what occupying the "no place" of utopia can be for those who have historically been denied the very temporalities upon which utopia has traditionally relied.
Generation of a switchable and tunable rectangular pulse and multi-pulse with different peak powers at the L-band
Authors: Huang Lei , Li Boxin , Jia Dongfang , Ge Chunfeng
Published: April 2024

A novel, to our knowledge, L-band erbium-doped fiber laser, utilizing a nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM) as a mode-locker, is presented in this study. Through precise adjustments of the polarization controllers (PCs), the laser achieves the generation of rectangular pulses with distinct single wavelengths, λ1=1593nm and λ2=1571nm, as well as dual-wavelength operation. The laser’s operational mode can extend further to include harmonic mode-locking (HML). Furthermore, the investigation reveals the emergence of trapezoidal pulses and low-peak-power rectangular pulses within proximity of the conventional rectangular pulses. Notably, the evolutions of these low-peak-power pulses with the pump power also adhere to the peak power clamping (PPC) effect. Remarkably, the relative positioning of these pulses remains consistent across varying pump power levels or harmonic orders. Intriguingly, the evolution of the trapezoidal pulse with respect to pump power stands in stark contrast to that of the h-shaped pulse.
Integrating RGB-thermal image sensors for non-contact automatic respiration rate monitoring
Authors: Khanam Fatema-Tuz-Zohra , Perera Asanka G. , Al-Naji Ali , Mcintyre Timothy D. , Chahl Javaan
Published: April 2024

Respiration rate (RR) holds significance as a human health indicator. Presently, the conventional RR monitoring system requires direct physical contact, which may cause discomfort and pain. Therefore, this paper proposes a non-contact RR monitoring system integrating RGB and thermal imaging through RGB-thermal image alignment. The proposed method employs an advanced image processing algorithm for automatic region of interest (ROI) selection. The experimental results demonstrated a close correlation and a lower error rate between measured thermal, measured RGB, and reference data. In summary, the proposed non-contact system emerges as a promising alternative to conventional contact-based approaches without the associated discomfort and pain.
High-precision spectra captured by a spectral camera and suppression of their nonlinearity
Authors: Wang Kang , Li Gang , Cheng Leiyang , Wang Shuo , Lin Ling
Published: April 2024

The high sensitivity of photoplethysmography (PPG) spectral signals provides conditions for extracting dynamic spectra carrying nonlinear information. By the idea of spatial conversion precision, this paper uses a spectral camera to collect highly sensitive spectral data of 24 wavelengths and proposes a method for extracting dynamic spectra of three different optical path lengths and their joint modeling. In the experiment, the models of the red blood cells and white blood cells established by the joint spectra achieved good results, with the correlation coefficients above 0.77. This study has great significance for achieving high-precision noninvasive quantitative analysis of human blood components.
Quantum randomness introduced through squeezing operations and random number generation
Authors: Cheng Jialin , Liang Shaocong , Qin Jiliang , Li Jiatong , Zeng Baiyun , Shi Yi , Yan Zhihui , Jia Xiaojun
Published: April 2024

Quantum random numbers play a crucial role in diverse applications, including cryptography, simulation, and artificial intelligence. In contrast to predictable algorithm-based pseudo-random numbers, quantum physics provides new avenues for generating theoretically true random numbers by exploiting the inherent uncertainty contained in quantum phenomena. Here, we propose and demonstrate a quantum random number generator (QRNG) using a prepared broadband squeezed state of light, where the randomness of the generated numbers entirely originates from the quantum noise introduced by squeezing operation rather than vacuum noise. The relationship between entropy rate and squeezing level is analyzed. Furthermore, we employ a source-independent quantum random number protocol to enhance the security of the random number generator.
Study on the influence of a magnetorheological finishing path on the mid-frequency errors of optical element surfaces
Authors: Chen Chihao , Dai Yifan , Hu Hao , Guan Chaoliang
Published: April 2024

Magnetorheological finishing (MRF) is a deterministic optical processing technique based on CCOS that achieves high removal efficiency and processing accuracy while reducing subsurface damage. This technique still suffers from multiple iterations of processing due to variations in removal efficiency and the inability to fully correct mid-frequency errors below the cut-off frequency of the removal function. For the above problems, this paper attempted to establish the error model of removal function efficiency change for predicting the change of MRF efficiency. Based on the analysis of the distribution of surface shape residuals under different machining paths, a process combining spiral scanning and raster scanning is proposed, which can realize the correction of surface shape and restrain the deterioration of mid-frequency errors. The experimental results show that when the low-frequency errors of fused silica element surface converge rapidly, by optimizing the machining removal coefficient and using the spiral scanning and raster scanning combined method, the PSD analysis results show that the mid-frequency errors of the combined process is lower than the initial value, which expands the process route for the MRF of high-precision optical elements.
Nonlinear Optics: feature issue introduction
Authors: Chen Zhigang , Khajavikhan Mercedeh , Chang Guoqing , Pasquazi Alessia , Peacock Anna
Published: April 2024

This joint issue of Optics Express and Optical Materials Express showcases 29 articles that report the latest advancements in nonlinear optics. These articles include contributions from authors who participated in the Optica Nonlinear Optics Topical Meeting, which took place in Honolulu, Hawaii, from July 10th to July 14th, 2023. The conference was organized by Optica (formerly known as OSA). As an introduction, the editors provide a summary of these articles, which cover a broad range of topics in nonlinear optics, spanning from fundamental nonlinear optical concepts to novel nonlinear effects, and from innovative nonlinear materials to topics such as ultrafast optics, machine learning empowered nonlinear optics, and unconventional applications. This diverse array of contributions reflects the dynamic and interdisciplinary nature of contemporary research in the field of nonlinear optics while showcasing some of the most recent developments.
Protecting Great Barrier Reef resilience through effective management of crown-of-thorns starfish outbreaks
Authors: Matthews Samuel A. , Williamson David H. , Beeden Roger , Emslie Michael J. , Abom Rickard T. M. , Beard Daniel , Bonin Mary , Bray Peran , Campili Adriana R. , Ceccarelli Daniela M. , Fernandes Leanne , Fletcher Cameron S. , Godoy Dan , Hemingson Christopher R. , Jonker Michelle J. , Lang Bethan J. , Morris Sheriden , Mosquera Enrique , Phillips Gareth L. , Sinclair-Taylor Tane H. , Taylor Sascha , Tracey Dieter , Wilmes Jennifer C. , Quincey Richard
Published: April 2024

Resilience-based management is essential to protect ecosystems in the Anthropocene. Unlike large-scale climate threats to Great Barrier Reef (GBR) corals, outbreaks of coral-eating crown-of-thorns starfish (COTS; Acanthaster cf. solaris) can be directly managed through targeted culling. Here, we evaluate the outcomes of a decade of strategic COTS management in suppressing outbreaks and protecting corals during the 4th COTS outbreak wave at reef and regional scales (sectors). We compare COTS density and coral cover dynamics during the 3rd and 4th outbreak waves. During the 4th outbreak wave, sectors that received limited to no culling had sustained COTS outbreaks causing significant coral losses. In contrast, in sectors that received timely and sufficient cull effort, coral cover increased substantially, and outbreaks were suppressed with COTS densities up to six-fold lower than in the 3rd outbreak wave. In the Townsville sector for example, despite exposure to comparable disturbance regimes during the 4th outbreak wave, effective outbreak suppression coincided with relative increases in sector-wide coral cover (44%), versus significant coral cover declines (37%) during the 3rd outbreak wave. Importantly, these estimated increases span entire sectors, not just reefs with active COTS control. Outbreaking reefs with higher levels of culling had net increases in coral cover, while the rate of coral loss was more than halved on reefs with lower levels of cull effort. Our results also indicate that outbreak wave progression to adjoining sectors has been delayed, probably via suppression of COTS larval supply. Our findings provide compelling evidence that proactive, targeted, and sustained COTS management can effectively suppress COTS outbreaks and deliver coral growth and recovery benefits at reef and sector-wide scales. The clear coral protection outcomes demonstrate the value of targeted manual culling as both a scalable intervention to mitigate COTS outbreaks, and a potent resilience-based management tool to “buy time” for coral reefs, protecting reef ecosystem functions and biodiversity as the climate changes.
G-YOLO: A YOLOv7-based target detection algorithm for lightweight hazardous chemical vehicles
Authors: Yu Cuiying , Zhou Lei , Liu Bushi , Zhao Yue , Zhu Pengcheng , Chen Liqing , Chen Bolun
Published: April 2024

Hazardous chemical vehicles are specialized vehicles used for transporting flammable gases, medical waste, and liquid chemicals, among other dangerous chemical substances. During their transportation, there are risks of fire, explosion, and leakage of hazardous materials, posing serious threats to human safety and the environment. To mitigate these possible hazards and decrease their probability, this study proposes a lightweight object detection method for hazardous chemical vehicles based on the YOLOv7-tiny model.The method first introduces a lightweight feature extraction structure, E-GhostV2 network, into the trunk and neck of the model to achieve effective feature extraction while reducing the burden of the model. Additionally, the PConv is used in the model’s backbone to effectively reduce redundant computations and memory access, thereby enhancing efficiency and feature extraction capabilities. Furthermore, to address the problem of performance degradation caused by overemphasizing high-quality samples, the model adopts the WIoU loss function, which balances the training effect of high-quality and low-quality samples, enhancing the model’s robustness and generalization performance. Experimental results demonstrate that the improved model achieves satisfactory detection accuracy while reducing the number of model parameters, providing robust support for theoretical research and practical applications in the field of hazardous chemical vehicle object detection.
Tesofensine, a novel antiobesity drug, silences GABAergic hypothalamic neurons
Authors: Perez Claudia I. , Luis-Islas Jorge , Lopez Axel , Diaz Xarenny , Molina Omar , Arroyo Benjamin , Moreno Mario G. , Lievana Elvi Gil , Fonseca Esmeralda , Castañeda-Hernández Gilberto , Gutierrez Ranier
Published: April 2024

Obesity is a major global health epidemic that has adverse effects on both the people affected as well as the cost to society. Several anti-obesity drugs that target GLP-1 receptors have recently come to the market. Here, we describe the effects of tesofensine, a novel anti-obesity drug that acts as a triple monoamine neurotransmitter reuptake inhibitor. Using various techniques, we investigated its effects on weight loss and underlying neuronal mechanisms in mice and rats. These include behavioral tasks, DeepLabCut videotaped analysis, electrophysiological ensemble recordings, optogenetic activation, and chemogenetic silencing of GABAergic neurons in the Lateral Hypothalamus (LH). We found that tesofensine induces a greater weight loss in obese rats than lean rats, while differentially modulating the neuronal ensembles and population activity in LH. In Vgat-ChR2 and Vgat-IRES-cre transgenic mice, we found for the first time that tesofensine inhibited a subset of LH GABAergic neurons, reducing their ability to promote feeding behavior, and chemogenetically silencing them enhanced tesofensine’s food-suppressing effects. Unlike phentermine, a dopaminergic appetite suppressant, tesofensine causes few, if any, head-weaving stereotypy at therapeutic doses. Most importantly, we found that tesofensine prolonged the weight loss induced by 5-HTP, a serotonin precursor, and blocked the body weight rebound that often occurs after weight loss. Behavioral studies on rats with the tastant sucrose indicated that tesofensine’s appetite suppressant effects are independent of taste aversion and do not directly affect the perception of sweetness or palatability of sucrose. In summary, our data provide new insights into the effects of tesofensine on weight loss and the underlying neuronal mechanisms, suggesting that tesofensine may be an effective treatment for obesity and that it may be a valuable adjunct to other appetite suppressants to prevent body weight rebound.
Cryptocurrency Price Prediction Using Supervised Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Chaudhary Divya , Saroj Sushil Kumar
Published: April 2024

As a consequence of rising geo-economic issues, global currency values have declined during the last two years, stock markets have performed poorly, and investors have lost money. Consequently, there is a renewed interest in digital currencies. Cryptocurrency is a fresh kind of asset that has evolved as a result of fintech innovations, and it has provided a major research opportunity. Due to price fluctuation and dynamism, anticipating the price of cryptocurrencies is difficult. There are hundreds of cryptocurrencies in circulation around the world and the demand to use a prediction system for price forecasting has increased manifold. Hence, many developers have proposed machine learning algorithms for price forecasting. Machine learning is fast evolving, with several theoretical advances and applications in a variety of domains. This study proposes the use of three supervised machine learning methods, namely linear regression, support vector machine, and decision tree, to estimate the price of four prominent cryptocurrencies: Bitcoin, Ethereum, Dogecoin, and Bitcoin Cash. The purpose of this study is to compute and compare the precision of all three techniques over all four datasets.
“Italiana nell’arte, americana negli affari”: Clara Weiss e a indústria da opereta entre a Itália e a América do Sul
Authors: De Almeida Bessa Virgínia
Published: April 2024

Entre a última década do século XIX e as primeiras do XX, um grande número companhias de opereta italianas cruzaram o Atlântico para explorar o mercado teatral sul-americano, formado em grande parte por um público imigrante. Nessas excursões, muitos artistas acabaram por se fixar no Novo Mundo. Foi o caso de Clara Weiss, atriz-cantora italiana que se tornou capocômica na América do Sul, mas permaneceu estreitamente vinculada ao mundo operetístico italiano, estabelecendo uma ponte entre os dois universos.
Prisão, arte e vida: o Living Theatre no Brasil
Authors: Kaminski Leon
Published: April 2024

O grupo norte-americano Living Theatre, referência no teatro off-Broadway e ícone da contracultura, teve sua passagem pelo Brasil marcada pela detenção e expulsão do país. Seus integrantes foram presos pelo Departamento de Ordem Política e Social (Dops) na cidade mineira de Ouro Preto, em 1971, acusados de posse de entorpecentes, num momento no qual se empreendia uma crescente repressão às práticas contraculturais, como o uso de drogas, vistas como subversivas. Este artigo visa narrar a passagem do Living Theatre pelo Brasil, com especial foco na prisão do grupo, inserindo- a no contexto ditatorial. Nesse sentido, discutiremos tanto a trajetória da trupe e sua ligação com os movimentos de contestação, quanto a atuação performática dos artistas diante do encarceramento e da cobertura da imprensa.
Deleuze e o esgotamento da linguagem: uma leitura de Samuel Beckett
Authors: Tolentino Gonçalves Felipe Cláudia
Published: April 2024

Pretende-se discutir a ideia de esgotamento da linguagem em Gilles Deleuze e avaliar a maneira como o filósofo aborda a literatura e revê a obra de Samuel Beckett para refletir sobre as potencialidades do fazer literário. Quanto à disposição, este artigo se distribui em três partes: sonda o papel desempenhado pela literatura no pensamento deleuziano; retoma a obra beckettiana para compreender seu teor; analisa o texto O esgotado, que Deleuze escreveu em 1992 como posfácio às peças televisivas de Beckett transmitidas pela BBC de Londres entre 1975 e 1982.
Arte, cine y patrimonio: la documentación audiovisual y el registro experimental de exposiciones museísticas en el film breve moderno sobre arte en México y en Brasil
Authors: Cossalter Javier
Published: April 2024

El presente artículo se aboca a la corriente del film sobre arte en México y en Brasil en el curso de la modernidad cinematográfica y la renovación del campo cultural entre las décadas del cincuenta y del setenta. Comenzaremos por explorar el desarrollo del cine moderno en los dos territorios para asentar la eficacia del film breve y el modelo documental. En segundo lugar, abordaremos la tendencia del film sobre arte en ambos países de forma general, con la intención de vislumbrar sus particularidades estéticas, productivas e institucionales. En tercera instancia, analizaremos un corpus de cortos sobre arte que registran de modo creativo exposiciones en un marco institucional, a fin de reflexionar en torno a la experimentación estética de los productos audiovisuales y la puesta en valor patrimonial de los espacios de exhibición y las obras de arte allí documentadas.
AVALIANDO A GARANTIA DO DIREITO À SAÚDE NOS MUNICÍPIOS DE ENGENHEIRO PAULO DE FRONTIN E MIGUEL PEREIRA POR MEIO DA DUPLA IMPORTÂNCIA DO VÍNCULO PARA A CONTINUIDADE DAS AÇÕES DE SAÚDE PÚBLICA
Authors: Borges Rodrigo dos Santos , Silva Cristiane Moreira da , Müller Viviane Gonçalves Jansen , Marins Isis Paiva de , Augusto Giulia Fernanda Rodrigues
Published: April 2024

A saúde é considerada pela Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) um direito humano, sendo constitucionalmente garantida pelo artigo 196 da Constituição Federal de 1988. Pensando nessa questão, e considerando a importância dos vínculos afetivos para a melhor adesão aos cuidados em saúde, objetivamos identificar os diferentes tipos de vínculos profissionais encontrados no serviço público dos municípios fluminenses de Engenheiro Paulo de Frontin e Miguel Pereira e sua relação com a qualificação da oferta de saúde nas localidades estudadas. Por meio de uma análise qualitativa dos vínculos funcionais do Sistema Único de Saúde local, precedida de uma revisão de literatura sobre a importância dos vínculos afetivos na promoção e proteção da saúde, pretendemos avaliar a relação entre a continuidade do cuidado e a estabilidade funcional dos servidores, propondo alternativas para a melhoria da oferta dos serviços e a garantia efetiva do direito à saúde. Percebemos, pelos dados do Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde (CNES), que, seguindo o padrão nacional imposto pela Emenda Constitucional 19/1998, há, para os municípios estudados, um padrão de contratação multivínculo, que se acentua nos serviços de maior complexidade, ocasionando a alta rotatividade dos servidores, dificultando a formação de vínculos afetivos contínuos. Como alternativa, sugerimos que as administrações locais organizem os serviços baseados em vínculos funcionais permanentes, algo já previsto pelo Regime Jurídico Único (RJU) dos servidores públicos.
REPENSAR O CURRÍCULO NA ALFABETIZAÇÃO COMO POSSIBILIDADE DE REORGANIZAR A ESCOLA E RESGATAR A AUTONOMIA DOCENTE
Authors: Braga Beloní Cacique
Published: April 2024

O texto apresentado neste artigo tem como propósito resgatar as discussões realizadas no GEAI - Grupo de Estudos da Alfabetização Inicial da ESEBA que centralizou seus estudos no período de setembro de 2012 a maio de 2013 sobre a proposta do MEC a respeito do Pacto para a Alfabetização na Idade Certa. Diante das reflexões realizadas a partir da leitura dos cadernos de formação para os professores das escolas públicas brasileiras, o grupo de pesquisadores do GEAI se propõe a rever os principais temas apresentados nos cadernos. A temática do currículo inicia as reflexões e por este motivo optamos por discutir neste texto os elementos pertinentes a mudança curricular regida pelas alterações a LDB 9394/96, a participação e autonomia docente nesse processo de implementação e atualizações da lei.
Expediente
Authors: Goulart Claudia
Published: April 2024

Expediente
O ensino da expressividade jazzística na guitarra modalidade a distância
Authors: Solti Endre , Fornari Novo Junior José Eduardo
Published: April 2024

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo de caso que avaliou as qualidades musicais nos improvisos jazzísticos dos alunos de guitarra elétrica e violão da Licenciatura em Música, modalidade a distância (EaD), oferecida pela UninCor. Foram constatados limites na assimilação e maturação de conhecimentos musicais relacionados à expressividade musical jazzística nos improvisos desses alunos. Argumenta-se aqui que esses limites podem estar atrelados à dificuldade de verbalização desse tipo de conhecimento musical durante o seu processo de ensino, conhecimento este relacionado ao Conhecimento Processual, conforme definido por Anderson, e que podem se apresentar mais pronunciados quando ministrados a distância. Espera-se que momentos presenciais sejam valorizados e que novas tecnologias sejam desenvolvidas, capazes de auxiliar alunos na ausência de um professor.
saber musical escolar e o livro didático de Arte
Authors: Soares de Souza Karla Beatriz , Neves Gonçalves Lilia
Published: April 2024

Este artigo apresenta um recorte de uma investigação sobre o livro didático (LD) de Arte, com objetivo de entender como os conteúdos de música estão presentes nos livros distribuídos pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD – Arte) no período de 2015 a 2017. Os referenciais teóricos adotados para este estudo compreenderam a educação musical como prática social (SOUZA, 2010) e as concepções de representação (CHARTIER, 1990). Esta pesquisa documental-analítica permitiu informações relevantes para reflexões sobre as concepções pedagógico-musicais presentes nos livros adotados como recursos materiais nas escolas de educação básica de todo país. Além disso, permitiu considerações acerca de como esses conteúdos estão organizados de acordo com as propostas apresentadas pelos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais e de que maneira esses desvelam o que se pensa sobre ensinar aprender música na escola.
Dramaturgia, infâncias, juventudes e docências...
Authors: Larcher Lucas
Published: April 2024

Este artigo compartilha alguns aspectos acerca de uma experiência artístico-pedagógica realizada no curso de graduação em Teatro da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, durante o primeiro semestre de 2018. Por meio de um relato de experiência, discorro sobre a proposta de ensino-aprendizagem e criação empreendida na disciplina Dramaturgia I, - que teve como foco o Teatro Infantojuvenil -, assim como questões emergidas durante minha atuação como artista-docente-pesquisador no ensino superior. Para isto, lanço mão de um diálogo com outros autores cujas ideias contribuíram para a práxis em questão, no intuito de colaborar para as reflexões e as discussões sobre ações artístico-pedagógicas em teatro na atualidade.
PRIMEIROS REFUGIADOS DE TEATRO NA TERRA-ESCOLA E A ESCUTA DO ARTISTA-ALUNO
Authors: Neves Guimarães Gabriela
Published: April 2024

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar as vivências dos professores de Teatro da escola básica de Uberlândia/MG que participaram do projeto Partilhas Ateliê e Rede de Cooperação – Aprendizagens Teatrais na Escola Básica. Metodologicamente, o artigo envolveu a retomada das entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas para concretização da pesquisa de mestrado intitulada “Potencialidades do Teatro na escola básica: Reflexões sobre artistas-docentes do projeto Partilhas na cidade de Uberlândia/MG”. Esse presente trabalho teve como o foco a análise e reflexão sobre três dos temas que emergiram nas entrevistas: os primeiros professores de Teatro nas escolas onde trabalham; a importância do lugar do aluno; os sentidos do artista-docente no campo escolar. Desse modo, espera-se, por meio deste estudo, abrir possibilidades reflexivas no que tange às potencialidades do Teatro na escola e sinalizar possíveis reflexões a respeito de como as relações de convivência artística afetam o desenvolvimento de processos criativos, com foco no trabalho com jovens artistas-docentes.