bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RNA Helicase DHX15 Decreases Cell Apoptosis by NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Burkitt Lymphoma
Authors: Yuan Chen , Chen Xianglei , Pan Lili , Huang Yuanmao , Cai Yuanhua , Li Jinggang , Li Yang , Wang Shaoyuan
Published: October 2021

Background: DHX15 is one of the RNA helicase family members involving in several biological processes. Studies have reported that overexpression of DHX15 is related to cancer progression. However, the role of DHX15 in Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and latent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection remains to be elucidated. Methods: Expression of DHX15 was measured in BL patient by immunohistochemical staining. In vitro study, a CCK-8 assay was used to analyze cell proliferation and flow cytometry was performed to assess cell cycle, apoptosis and mitochondria membrane potential. Members of NF-κB signaling pathway and apoptotic-related proteins expression were measured by western-blot. EBV latent infection products and RNA polymerase Ⅲ transcripts expression were determined by quantitative real-time PCR and western-blot. In vivo study, HE, IHC, TUNEL and ISH assays were used to analyze the effect of DHX15 on subcutaneous tumor nodes formation.Results: DHX15 was overexpressed in Burkitt lymphoma patients and tends to be associated with poor progression-free survival and poor overall survival. Knockdown of DHX15 significantly inhibits BL tumor growth, reduced cell proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest and increased cell apoptosis. Further analysis showed that canonical NF-κB signaling and its downstream targets, mitochondria and Caspase were involved in the increased cell apoptosis after DHX15 gene knockdown. Furthermore, knockdown of DHX15 reduced EBV latent infection products expression and inhibited RNA polymerase Ⅲ activity.Conclusion: DHX15 may be an oncogene in the development of BL and a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of BL and latent EBV infection.
Sacroiliac Separation that Can be Diagnosed After Pelvic Fixation During Surgery: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: yavuz ibrahim alper , aydın tahsin , yildirim ahmet ozgur
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Sacroiliac joint separation is a life-threatening serious condition in pelvic injuries. It should be diagnosed early and treated properly. Although these injuries can often be detected by imaging methods, in some cases, it is not diagnosed. Case presentation: We report a rare case of pelvic injury with sacroiliac separation during surgery, while the sacroiliac joint was completely normal on X-ray and CT and no pelvic binder was used in the patient. The sacroiliac separation noticed during the operation was fixed with a sacroiliac screw. Conclusion: Pelvic injuries, especially ligament injuries, may not be detected on both physical examination, direct radiography, and CT.
Projected Changes in Rainfall and Temperature Extremes Over Kenya
Authors: Sagero Philip Obaigwa , Shisanya Chris A. , Makokha George L.
Published: October 2021

Future climate extremes events are projected to change in frequency and intensity. To mitigate against the negative impacts of the extreme events, future projections are important for the purpose of adaptation to changes that are projected. The study of rainfall and temperature extremes in this article, are defined by the indices from the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices. The study used model outputs from Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) Regional Climate Models (RCMs) over Kenya. Extreme indices for rainfall and temperature were analyzed form 2005 -2100 and compared to the historical period of 1971-2005. Model outputs from CCLM4-8-17, HIRHAM5 and RACMO22T at 50 km resolution under RCPs 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios were used. The results show that temperature-based extremes indices are on an increasing trend. In particular, the increase in daily minimum temperature is more pronounced than the daily maximum temperature. This show an indication of in warm nights. On the other hand, rainfall based extreme indices show an increasing trend in the consecutive dry day in all the three models analyzed. Results from two models, show a decreasing trend in the total annual precipitation, while HIRHAM5 show a statistically significant increasing trend on annual total precipitation. According to the results, the future changes in rainfall extreme over Kenya is not very clear.
Predictors of long-term prognosis in rheumatoid arthritis-related interstitial lung disease
Authors: Chen Juan , Chen Yaqiong , Liu Dehao , Lin Yihua , Zhu Lei , Song Shuli , Hu Yudi , Liang Tao , Liu Yongliang , Liu Wei , Weng Lin , Li Qiyuan , Ge Shengxiang , Ascherman Dana P.
Published: October 2021

The aim of the study was to identify specific clinical and serum protein biomarkers that are associated with longitudinal outcome of RA-associated interstitial lung disease（RA-ILD). 60 RA patients with clinical and serological profiles were assessed by HRCT and pulmonary function tests (PFTs) at baseline (Year 0) and 5 years post enrollment (Year 5). Progression versus non-progression was defined based on changes in Quantitative Modified HRCT scores and PFTs over time. Specific serum protein biomarkers were assessed in serum samples at baseline and Year 5 by Multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs).
At Year 5, 32% of patients demonstrated progressive RA-ILD, 35% were stable, and 33% improved. Baseline age and rheumatoid factor (RF) were significantly different between RA-ILD outcomes of progression vs. no-progression (p< 0.05). Changes in levels of CXCL11/I-TAC and MMP13 over 5 years also distinguished pulmonary outcomes (p< 0.05). A final binary logistic regression model revealed that baseline age and changes in serum MMP13 were associated with RA-ILD progression at Year 5 (p< 0.05), with an AUC of 0.7569.
Collectively, these analyses demonstrated that baseline clinical variables (age, RF) and shifts in levels of selected serum proteins (CXCL11/I-TAC, MMP13) were strongly linked to RA-ILD outcome over time.
Classification of Breast Cancer Using Neutrosophic Techniques and Deep Neural Network
Authors: Shaban Warda M.
Published: October 2021

Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer that affects women globally and it is the primary cause of death. Early detection of breast cancer is a vital process that can facilitate appropriate treatment, stop the progression of cancer cells, and reduce morbidity and mortality. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) are the most popular methods that can be used to detect and classify breast cancer accurately. In this paper, a new strategy for classifying breast cancer using Neutrosophic Techniques (NTs) and machine learning techniques is introduced, which is called Breast Cancer Classification Strategy (BC2S). The proposed BC2S consists of two phases, which are; Data Preprocessing Phase (DP2) and Breast Cancer Classification Phase (BC2P). The main aim of the data preprocessing phase is to; (i) extract features from mammogram images and then remove the outlier items, (ii) select the most effective and informative features from those extracted features using new feature selection method called Efficient Ant Colony Optimization (EACO), and (iii) convert the selected features from classical domain into neutrosophic domain using NTs to give accurate classification through the next classification phase BC2P. The proposed classification model uses Deep Neural Network (DNN) to determine whether the patient is normal or infected with benign or malignant cancer. According to experimental results, the proposed strategy outperforms other competitors in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F-measure.
Mepanipyrim and cyprodinil induce divergent temporal patterns of AhR-mediated responses in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos and larvae
Authors: Shen Chao , Tang Chen , Zhu Kongyang , He Chengyong , Yang Chunyan , Zuo Zhenghong
Published: October 2021

Mepanipyrim and cyprodinil are widely used to control and/or prevent fungal diseases in fruit culture. They are widely detected in aquatic environment and numerous food commodities including fruit and fruit products. Different from TCDD, mepanipyrim and cyprodinil are more easily degraded and metabolized in the environment. However, the in vivo analysis of their metabolic dynamics is unclear and need to be further confirmed. In this study, zebrafish embryos were constantly exposed to 100 µg/L mepanipyrim or cyprodinil for 7 days. The temporal pattern of CYP1A and AhR2 expression and EROD enzyme activity at different time frames during embryonic and larval development of zebrafish were investigated. Our results showed that mepanipyrim and cyprodinil tend to accumulate in zebrafish during early embryonic developmental stages. Meanwhile, mepanipyrim and cyprodinil exposure could increase the expression level of cyp1a and ahr2 genes and EROD activity by a dynamic pattern in different developmental stages of zebrafish. Besides, their metabolites, which may accumulate in the zebrafish larvae, have strong AhR agonistic activity and showed strong AhR binding ability. Importantly, the risk of exposure to pesticides in embryo stage is huge, and should be paid more attention.
An Adaptive Decomposition Ensemble Learning Approach for Metro Passenger Flow Forecasting
Authors: Sun Shaolong , Yang Dongchuan , Guo Ju-e , Wang Shouyang
Published: October 2021

Accurate and timely metro passenger flow forecasting is critical for the successful deployment of intelligent transportation systems. However, it is quite challenging to propose an efficient and robust forecasting approach due to the inherent randomness and variations of metro passenger flows. In this study, we present a novel adaptive decomposition ensemble learning approach to accurately forecast the volume of metro passenger flows that combines the complementary advantages of variational mode decomposition (VMD), seasonal autoregressive integrated moving averaging (SARIMA), a multilayer perceptron (MLP) network and a long short-term memory (LSTM) network. Our proposed decomposition ensemble learning approach consists of three important stages. The first stage applies VMD to decompose the metro passenger flow data into periodic components, deterministic components and volatility components. Then, we employ the SAIMA model to forecast the periodic component, the LSTM network to learn and forecast the deterministic component and the MLP network to forecast the volatility component. In the last stage, these diverse forecasted components are reconstructed by another MLP network. The empirical results show that our proposed decomposition ensemble learning approach not only has the best forecasting performance compared with the relevant benchmark models but also appears to be the most promising and robust based on the historical passenger flow data in the Shenzhen subway system and several standard evaluation measures.
Engaging MSM Communities in HIV Self-Testing Research and Programming in Kenya: Collaborations, Tacit Knowledge, and a Community-Based Programme Science Approach
Authors: Kombo Bernadette Kina , Thomann Matthew , Lazarus Lisa , Musyoki Helgar , Olango Kennedy , Kuria Samuel , Kyana Martin , Otieno Memory , Njiriani Margaret , Musimbi Janet , Bhattacharjee Parinita , Lorway Robert
Published: October 2021

Background: Understanding the basic principles for achieving research outcomes that are relevant to local communities is invaluable. The process allows for building of collaborative spaces and redistribution of power in knowledge production practices. This is because members of marginalized and vulnerable communities have long been critical of a research culture that has historically failed to advance meaningful collaboration and overlooks local forms of knowledge at various phases of the research processes. There has however not been a clear framework that outlines how communities should be meaningfully engaged. Rather, substantial variations in the nature of community engagements exist across research projects, thus requiring a more nuanced approach of working with communities. Methods: In this methodological paper, we describe how a community-based program science approach guided an interdisciplinary research project to inform the rollout of HIV self-testing (HIVST) among men who have sex with men (MSM) in three urban counties in Kenya. Community members and their research and programmatic partners collaborated through all phases of the research process including research design, data collection, and translation of research. Importantly, community researchers and policy makers also played an integral role in data analysis, going well beyond the conventional role of “community engagement” in global health research. Results: The study created a platform that enabled meaningful collaborations across the diverse stakeholders and allowed the MSM communities to contribute to the decisions and solutions impacting on their community. Our community-based program science approach recognizes that community researchers possess tacit knowledge, a form of expertise that formally trained researchers do not have. Conclusion: We argue that in order to fully engage with such expertise, marginalized communities must be meaningfully involved in all levels of evidence building and decision making around programs impacting their communities. We equally emphasize the importance of setting up operating norms and clear definitions of partnership roles at the initial stages of establishing collaborations. Such a move gives the community a chance to trust their capabilities and contribute more meaningfully throughout the research processes.
Universal Rice Primer (URP) and Start Codon Target (SCoT) Markers in Studying Population Structures and Genetic Variation in Ferula AssafoetidaL. Accessions
Authors: Sadeghi Reyhane , Omidi Mansour , Azizinezhad Reza , Etminan Alireza , Badi Hassanali Naghdi
Published: October 2021

Ferula assafoetidais an herbaceous, annual and monocarpic genus of the Apiaceae family. So far, there has been common usage of Ferula oleo resinous gum in food and herbal medicines.The origin of F.assafoetidais can be traced back into the steppes of Iran and some reigns of Afghanistan with an extended distribution. Despite the economic value and therapeutic importance of F.assafoetida, only a few studies have reported on the genetic capacity of this herb.The present study was carried out on a set of 90 individual plants belonging to different populations of Ferula assafoetida L. via the start codon target marker (SCoT) and the universal rice primer (URP) markers. Twelve SCoT and twelve URP primers generated 192 and 149 polymorphic fragments, while having 16 and 12.41 fragments respectively on average per primer. The Polymorphism information content (PIC) for URP primers and ScoT ranged from 0.31 to 0.43 and 0.34 to 0.44 respectively, which indicated a good efficiency forboth markers. The diversity indices including heterozygosity (He), percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB), Shannon’s information index (I) and marker index (MI) were calculated based on the SCoT and URP data.The results revealed that SCoT primers were more efficient than URP primers in identifying genetic diversity within populations. Neighbor joining (Nj), as a base for clustering, classified 90 accessions into 5 and 6 groups using SCoT and URP data respectively. Moreover, the combined data (SCoT+URP) succeeded in classifying all accessions into 6 groups, although this did not correspond with the geographical distribution of accessions. Structure analysis divided 90 genotypesinto 5 subpopulations using SCoT and URP markers, whereas the combined data (SCoT+URP) divided the accessions into 6 subpopulations, which confirmed the classification achieved by the Nj method. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) corroborated these conclusions. According to the analysis of molecular variance) AMOVA(, a high percentage of genetic diversity was found within the species, suggesting a rich diversity of germplasm for breeding plans. The assessment of population structure demonstrated a high rate of gene flow and the mixture of populations. Taken together, our findings suggest SCoT markers are more efficient than URP markers in assessing genetic diversity among F.assafoetida genotypes. All in all, genetic diversity could help the selection of appropriate markers and special genotypes for breeding plans.
Diagnostic Utility of Cerebrospinal Fluid Procalcitonin in Neonatal Meningitis
Authors: N Meghana , Bandiya Prathik , S Niranjan H , Benakappa Naveen , J Bhavana , Bandyopadhyay Tapas
Published: October 2021

We aimed to study the diagnostic utility of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) procalcitonin in neonates with meningitis. All the neonates with sepsis who qualified for lumbar puncture were prospectively evaluated. The neonates were classified as Meningitis and No meningitis group based on predefined criteria. CSF procalcitonin was estimated in these neonates along with cytological and biochemical parameters. A total of 113 neonates were included in the study with 29 in meningitis group and 84 in no meningitis group. The median procalcitonin levels was higher in babies with meningitis as compared to those without meningitis [0.194 (0.034 - 0.534) in meningitis group vs 0.012 (0.012-0.012) ng/ml in no meningitis group, p< 0.001]. The area under curve (AUC) for CSF procalcitonin was 0.867 (0.77 -0.95) and at a cut off level of 0.120 ng/ml CSF procalcitonin had a sensitivity of 83%, specificity of 84% and positive and negative predictive likelihood ratios of 5.35 and 0.20 respectively for the diagnosis of meningitis.Conclusion: CSF procalcitonin has a good diagnostic accuracy similar to other parameters in the diagnosis of neonatal meningitis and can be considered as an additional diagnostic marker particularly, when CSF culture is negative and cytochemical analysis is inconclusive.Trial registration number and date: CTRI/2018/09/015720 ; 14/09/2018
Simultaneous Determination of Combined and Free Concentrations of Atorvastatin and its Major Metabolite in Vitro and in Vivo Based on Ultraﬁltration Coupled with UPLC-MS/MS Method: Application to Protein Binding Rates and Metabolism Ability Study in Uremic Hemodialysis Patients.
Authors: Cao Ming-Chen , Fang Meng-Xiang , Wang Li , Huang Xin , Tang Bo-Hao , Shi Hai-Yan , Zheng Yi , Zhao Wei
Published: October 2021

Objectives: A rapid, accurate and specific ultraﬁltration with ultra performance liquid chromatographic -tandem mass spectrometry method has been validated for the simultaneous determination of the protein binding rate of atorvastatin for uremia patients. Methods: The plasma samples were centrifuged at 6000 r.min-1 for 15 min at 37℃ and the ultrafiltrate was collected. An ACQUITY UPLC® BEH C18 Column with gradient elution of water (0.1% formic acid) and acetonitrile was used for separation at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. The calibration curves of two analytes in serum showed excellent linearity over the concentration ranges of 0.05-20.00 ng/mL for atorvastatin, and 0.05-20.00 ng/mL for orth-hydroxy atorvastatin, respectively. Results: This method was validated according to standard FDA and EMA guidelines in terms of selectivity, linearity, detection limits, matrix effects, accuracy, precision, recovery, and stability[1-2]. This assay can be easily implemented in clinical practice to determine free and combined concentration of atorvastatin in uremic plasma. The final result showed that the average protein binding rate of plasma in uremic patients plasma was (86.58±2.04)%, RSD (%)=1.98, while the protein binding rate in plasma of patients with normal renal function was (97.62±1.96)%, RSD (%)=2.04, there was a significant difference in the protein binding rate of different types of plasma (P<0.05), and the protein binding rate decreases with increasing creatinine until it is stable at nearly 80%.The mean metabolite/prototype ratio of atorvastatin for patients with normal renal function and uremia were 1.085 and 0.974, respectively, suggesting that the metabolic process of atorvastatin in uremic patients may be inhibited. Conclusions: In this study, the total concentration of atorvastatin in uremic patients did not change significantly, but due to the decrease of protein binding rate, the concentration of free drug may fluctuate drastically, and the increase of free drug concentration will increase the drug distribution in the liver or muscle tissue. Uremic patients who was taking atorvastatin should be monitored regularly, ensure the safety of medication for this particular group.
“The World is Stopped, but We Keep Going”: Nurses’ Processes of Emotional Labor During the SARS-COVID19 Pandemic
Authors: Ahlmen Alessandra
Published: October 2021

Background
Under normal conditions, nursing requires a substantial amount of emotional labor. Past studies have found that nurses hide their emotions in order to embody a professional demeanor and display competence. There is little known about the CoVID pandemic’s impacts on nurses’ emotional labor, so this study examines nurses’ experiences during the pandemic and analyses the pandemic’s effects on the nurses’ emotional labor.
Results
After interviewing 15 CoVID nurses, I conclude that a majority (13/15 nurses) of the study participants felt fearful of their situation, yet they felt compelled to go to work because their duty to care for their patients. The nurses were only able to make the decision to go to work and fulfill their perceived duty because they were suppressing their fears.
Conclusion
I conclude that the nurses perform a slightly different version of emotional labor than what has been conceptualized by Hochschild (1979). In this process of emotional labor, the suppression of feelings forms the main action that is taken to meet external expectations that include a healthcare worker’s duty to care. The implications of this study suggest that nurses prioritize work over mental and physical health while not having the support systems needed to help them when they need it.
CCL3 Promotes Proliferation of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Xie Xiaoliang , Su Jinda , He Yaqin , Yang Xiaoliang , Zhai Sifan , Rong Shikuo , Zhang Xin , Gong Fahai , Peng Geenyuan , Li Hai , Xu Guangxian
Published: October 2021

Background: Chemokines and their receptors can be expressed on the surface of inflammatory cells and malignant tumor cells in the body. Tumor cells can participate in directional organ metastasis by means of the ‘navigation effect’ of chemokines. Recent studies have found that chemokine C-C motif chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3) plays an important role in the invasion and metastasis of malignant tumors. Determining the effect of chemokine CCL3 and the related cytokine network on colorectal cancer is helpful in developing new therapeutic targets and anti-tumor drugs, as well as improving the survival rate of patients. Methods: In this study, protein chip technology was used to examine colorectal cancer tissue samples and identify the key factors of chemokine CCL3 and the toll-like receptors/nuclear factor-κB (TLR/NF-κB) pathway in cancer and metastatic lymph nodes. In addition, we used lentiviral vector technology for transfection to construct interference and overexpression cell lines. The aim of this experiment was to analyze the mechanism of CCL3 and TNF receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6)/NF-κB pathway-related factors and their effect on the proliferation of colon cancer cells. Finally, the expression and significance of CCL3 in colorectal cancer tissues and its correlation with clinical pathology were studied by immunohistochemistry. Results: The results confirmed that CCL3 and C-C motif chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) were expressed in adjacent tissues, colorectal cancer tissues, and metastatic cancer. The expression level was correlated with clinical stage and nerve invasion. Conclusions: The expression of chemokine CCL3 and receptor CCR5 was positively correlated with the expression of TRAF6 and NF-κB, and could promote the proliferation, invasion, and migration of colorectal cancer cells through TRAF6 and NF-κB.
The Globulin, Albumin To Globulin Ratio(A/G) and Neutrophil To Lymphocyterate (NLR) Do Not Perform Better Than CRP and ESR in PJI Diagnosis
Authors: Jiao Jing-bo , Huang Jin-Cheng , Chen Xiao , Jin Yi
Published: October 2021

Objective: To test the significance of serum C-reactive protein (CRP), the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), globulin(GLN) ,albumin to globulin ratio(A/G), and neutrophil to lymphocyterate(NLR) in periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) diagnosis. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 115 patients diagnosed from January 2017 to December 2020 with PJI (PJI group, median age 71.00 years [range, 41-94 years], 24 males, 29 females), and aseptic loosening (aseptic group, median age 68.50 years [range, 34–85 years], 32 male, 30 female) in our department. Demographic data and thesensitivity and specificity of preoperative CRP, ESR, GLB,A/G, and NLR in PJI diagnosis were compared. Results: There were no significant differences when the demographic data of the two groups were compared. The expression level of CRP (24.89 mg/L([IQR], 0.1 to 200)), ESR (3 mm/h([IQR], 6 to 120)), GLB (31.70 g/L ( [IQR], 18.50 to 60.60)), and NLR (2.51([IQR], 0.93 to 12.23)) in the PJI group were higher than in the aseptic loosening group (CRP: 2.245 mg/L([IQR], 0.2 to 111.94);ESR: 16 mm/h ([IQR], 2 to 76); GLB: 26.60 g/L([IQR], 17.90 to 68.20); NLR: 1.85([IQR], 0.63 to 9.09)). The expression level of A/G (1.15([IQR], 0.55 to 2.16)) in the PJI group was lower than in the aseptic loosening group (1.51([IQR], 0.71 to 2.40)). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated that the areas under the ROC curve (AUC) for CRP, ESR, GLB,A/G, and NLR were 0.841 (95% confidence interval, 0.761-0.903), 0.850 (0.771-0.910),0.747(0.658-0.824),0.779(0.692–0.851), and 0.708 (0.616–0.789), respectively. When GLB > 26.6g/L, A/G ＜1.32, and NLR >2.1 were set as the threshold values for the diagnosis of PJI, The sensitivity of GLB and A/G (90.57%, 81.13%) is higher than CRP (71.70%) and ESR (79.25%), but the specificity (GLB: 51.61%, A/G: 72.58%) was significantly lower than of CRP (87.10%) and ESR (75.81%). The ROC analysis of NLR showed that its sensitivity (73.58%) and specificity (70.97) had no significant advantages over CRP and ESR. Conclusion: globulin, A/G and NLR do not perform better than CRP and ESR in PJI diagnosis.
Metacognitively ALERT In Science
Authors: Willison John , Draper Claire , Fornarino Laura , Li Menghua , Sabri Tala , Shi Yan , Zhao Xinshuo
Published: October 2021

The development of student metacognition has the potential to provide some of the greatest learning gains in science classes, even outstripping the contribution of general intelligence. However, some science educators not only struggle with successfully prompting students to develop metacognition, but also find understanding the concept itself problematic. This struggle is compounded by models for metacognition that are in broad agreement about its nature, but vary widely in essential elements and the relationships between elements. This article presents a synthesis of metacognition studies in science education and further afield that draws together non-contested elements into a readily understood hierarchy of metacognitive knowledge and skills. The hierarchical framework comprises, from the foundation level, self-Aware of cognition, self-Monitor cognition, self-Evaluate cognition, self-Regulate cognition and self-Transfer cognition (AMERT). As a preliminary test of its viability, the AMERT framework is used to analyse interview data in which there was evidence of rich metacognitive thinking by students in the fourth, research-focused, year of a science degree. The degree used the six facets of the Research Skill Development (RSD) framework as labels for cognition. Rich epitomizing statements were found in interviews for each level of the AMERT hierarchy, providing tentative evidence of its viability for understanding metacognitive processes. The AMERT hierarchy of metacognition provides opportunities for teaching and learning, teacher action research, and research teams to investigate metacognition in the contexts of school and university science programs.
Transfer Learning via Artificial Intelligence for Guiding Implant Placement in the Posterior Mandible: an in vitro Study
Authors: Liu Yun , Chen Zhi-cong , Chu Chun-ho , Deng Fei-Long
Published: October 2021

Background: To explore the capacity of a single shot multibox detector (SSD) and Voxel-to-voxel prediction network for pose estimation (V2V-PoseNet) based artificial intelligence (AI) system in automatically designing implant plan. Methods: 2500 and 67 cases were used to develop and pre-train the AI system. After that, 12 patients who missed the mandibular left first molars were selected to test the capacity of the AI in automatically designing implant plan. There were three algorithms-based implant positions. They are Group A, B and C (8, 9 and 10 points dependent implant position, respectively). The AI system was then used to detect the characteristic annotators and determine the implant position. For every group, the actual implant position was compared with the algorithm-determined ideal position. And global, angular, depth and lateral deviation were calculate. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test was performed for statistical comparisons. The significance value was set at P< 0.05. Results: Group C represented the least coronal (0.6638±0.2651, range: 0.2060 to 1.109 mm) and apical (1.157±0.3350, range: 0.5840 to 1.654 mm) deviation, the same trend was observed in the angular deviation (5.307 ±2.891°, range: 2.049 to 10.90°), and the results are similar with the traditional statistic guide.Conclusion: It can be concluded that the AI system has the capacity of deep learning. And as more characteristic annotators be involved in the algorithm, the AI system can figure out the anatomy of the object region better, then generate the ideal implant plan via deep learning algorithm.
Effect of Different Moisture Content on Mechanical Parameters of Red Clay Under Freeze-Thaw Cycle
Authors: Lin Bin , Tian Zhuhua , Jiang Liang , Zhao Yongjia
Published: October 2021

One of the causes of damage in cold area projects is the freeze-thaw cycling action, which causes large changes in soil strength, resulting in soil deformation and destroying its soil stability. In order to investigate the effect of water content on the mechanical parameters of red clay soil under the action of freeze-thaw cycles, the solidification undrained triaxial test and consolidation test were carried out with red clay soil in Changzhi area, Shanxi Province, as the research object. The test results show that the stress-strain curve is hardening curve, with the increase of water content, the maximum shear stress, cohesion, internal friction angle, elastic modulus, compression modulus and shear modulus are decreasing, and Poisson ratio is gradually increasing. The mechanical parameters of 0 freeze-thaw cycles are greater than 12 freeze-thaw cycles. With the increase in water content, the difference in shear stress between two freeze-thaw cycles was decreasing under the same circumferential pressure. 0 freeze-thaw cycles, the decreasing trend of cohesion increased from 4.48% to 35.88%, and the elastic modulus decreased up to 69.61%. 12 freeze-thaw cycles, the decreasing trend of cohesion decreased from 65.38% to 5.93%, and the elastic modulus showed a linear decreasing relationship. The decreasing trend of the internal friction angle remained consistent with the gradual increase. The Poisson ratio was 0.21-0.29 and 0.24-0.31 for the two cycles, respectively. The shear modulus at 0 freeze-thaw cycles was 1.86-1.16 times higher than that at 12 freeze-thaw cycles, and the difference decreased gradually with the increase in water content. The increase in water content made the soil more prone to shear deformation.
Use of 2D Nanoplatelets to Improve The Sensitivity in Hybrid Photodetector For Indirect X-Ray Imaging
Authors: Lee Jehoon , Yoo Kyunghan , Liu Hailiang , Kang Jungwon
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we attempted to improve the detection sensitivity of an indirect X-ray detector through using a hybrid active layer composed of a poly [N-90-heptadecanyl–2,7-carbazole-alt-5,5-(40,70-di-2-thienyl-20,10,30-benzothiadiazole)] (PCDTBT) organic semiconductor and cadmium selenide nanoplatelets (CdSe NPLs) colloidal inorganic semiconductors. First, different blending ratio in the active layer (i.e., 2:1, 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3) of PCDTBT:CdSe NPL were examined, a sensitivity of 0.057 mA/Gy∙cm2 was achieved using a 1:1 ratio due to the low series resistance (RS) and defect density in this configuration. Then, the oleic acid (OA) that was initially applied in the CdSe NPL surface was replaced with pyridine ligands, this was done because the pyridine ligand is a short-chain ligand that can help charge transfer by reducing the distance between NPLs in the active layer. In addition, an experiment was conducted to determine the optimal ligand exchange time. A detector with an PCDTBT:CdSe NPL active layer fabricated using pyridine ligand exchange achieved a sensitivity of 0.14 mA/Gy∙cm2 after an exchange time of 12 hours, this is an improvement of 155% compared to the detector using a PCDTBT:CdSe NPL with the original OA ligands. Lastly, the optimal thickness for the PCDTBT:CdSe NPL active layer was investigated. The highest mobility of 7.60 cm2/V∙s was recorded after fabricating the layer using spin-coating at 1900 rpm, the highest sensitivity of 0.20 mA/Gy∙cm2 was also achieved under these conditions. Compared to the initial state of the detector, our modifications improved the sensitivity of the PCDTBT:CdSe NPL detector by 255%.
Structural, Optical and Electrical Conductivity Studies in Polycarbazole and Its Metal Oxide Nano Composites
Authors: Talari Sankarappa , Raghavendra B. , Malge Amarkumar
Published: October 2021

Polycarbazole (PCz) has been synthesized by chemical oxidation method using APS as an oxidizing agent and PCz/CuO and PCz/Fe2O3 nanocomposites by in situ polymerization method for different wt% of CuO and Fe2O3 at room temperature. XRD patterns confirmed crystalline nature of samples. FTIR indicated strong interaction between PCz and nano fillers. The morphological and optical absorption studies were carried out using SEM and UV-Vis respectively. Addition of CuO or Fe2O3 to PCz decreased its direct and indirect band gaps. However, band gap showed a small change with dopant contents up to 30%. Urbach energy decreased with the addition of dopants. But Urbach energy of the composites increased with increasing dopants content from 10 to 30%. DC conductivity of PCz and its nanocomposites has been measured by following two probe technique in the temperature range from 300 K to 423 K. he conductivity of both the nanocomposites is found to be less than the pure PCz and it is found to increase with wt% of CuO or Fe2O3 as the case may be. The activation energy has been determined by fitting Arrhenius expression to the dc conductivity data at high temperature. The activation energy of polycarbazole is determined to be less than that of the composites. In both the composites, activation energy decreased and conductivity increased with the increase of dopant content.
Neuronal MD2 Induces Long-term Mental Impairments in Septic Mice by Facilitating Necroptosis and Apoptosis
Authors: Fan Zhongmin , Yin Lu , Li Yi , Ma Hongwei , Wu You , Guo Xiaofeng , Du Lixia , Wang Jiajia , Wang Shiquan , Hou Wugang , Dong Hailong , Fang Zongping , Zhang Xijing
Published: October 2021

Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a complication of sepsis that has high morbidity rates. Long-lasting depression is a major mental health disorder in patients with SAE that results in a substantial decrease in quality of life and economic burden. However, the underlying mechanism of SAE is unclear, and effective treatments are not available. In the current study, we explored the role of apoptosis and necroptosis related to depression in sepsis. In a mouse model of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), we detected mental impairments by the open field test, elevated-plus maze and forced swimming test on the fourteenth day. Moreover, apoptosis- and necroptosis-associated proteins and morphological changes were examined in the hippocampus of the septic mice. These mice showed depression-like behaviors at 14 days after CLP, with substantial increases in neuronal apoptosis and necroptosis. Importantly, we found that apoptosis and necroptosis were related according to Ramsay’s rule in the brains of the septic mice. Inhibiting the function of MD2, the crosstalk mediator of apoptosis and necroptosis, in neurons effectively reduced neuronal loss and alleviated depression-like behaviors in the septic mice. These results suggest that neuronal death in the hippocampus contributes to the mental impairments in SAE and that inhibiting neuronal MD2 is a new strategy for treatment of mental health issues in sepsis by inhibiting necroptosis and apoptosis.
Solid Waste Material Reuse Analysis: Filling the Road Subgrade with Riverway Silt and Sediment
Authors: Wang Qingzhou , Kong Liying , Tseng Ming-Lang , Song Yang , Wang Hongyu
Published: October 2021

This study proposes to explore solid waste material (SWM) reuse with the riverway silt and sediment, and examines the impacts of chemical composition on the road construction through sensitivity analysis. Considering the characteristics of silt mixture, it is necessary to investigate the modified materials to improve the mechanical feasibility for subgrade filling. In this study, modification schemes for construction waste and garbage slag presented well mechanical properties and environmental benefits in sensitivity analysis, especially for the high-water content silt modified by the garbage slag and lime mixture. The results indicate the lime-improved silt with medium water content is a cheap and high-performance material compared to the original silt. Moreover, modified silt demonstrated superior features in particle size, permeability and bearing capacity. Among six lime-improving schemes, the California bearer ratio (CBR2.5) increased from 7.1 to 19.6, while the minimum CBR2.5 was 2.45 times to the original silt. At last, this study proposes the engineering measures to improve the silt mixture subgrade to prevent heavy metals from polluting the water and soil environment. Further implications were also discussed.
Algoritmos Não-Supervisionados para Suporte à Tomada de Decisão e Diagnóstico de Covid-19 usando Dados de Tomografia Computadorizada
Authors: Ferreira Danton Diego , Rodriguêz Demóstenes Zegarra , Barbosa Bruno Henrique Groenner , Alvarenga Taís Aparecida , Santos Luis Otávio
Published: October 2021

A inteligência artificial, mais especificadamente, os algoritmos de aprendizagem profundo e técnicas da teoria de conjuntos Fuzzy tem sido propostos em análises de imagens. Deste modo, as aplicações de aprendizado profundo em imagens médicas pulmonares, tem obtido avanços para detecção de doenças, levando a ensaios clínicos promissores no que diz respeito à triagem e diagnóstico de pacientes com o Covid-19. Assim, imagens de Tomografia Computadorizada (TC), Radiografia Computadoriza (RC) e Ultrassonografia tem sido usadas por especialistas como ferramentas para diagnóstico da Covid-19. No entanto, devido ao número elevado de pacientes e baixa quantidade de profissionais especializados torna-se necessário um sistema de detecção por imagens para auxílio aos profissionais da saúde. Neste cenário, a inteligência computacional, mas especialmente modelos de Aprendizado Profundo do tipo Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) e métodos de classificação não-supervisionados, entre estes em destaque o método K-Means e Fuzzy C-Means, foram utilizados para a classificação de imagens de Covid-19. Para esta finalidade, foi utilizada uma base de dados disponibilizada pela Universidade de São Paulo, contendo 4173 imagens. Os resultados demonstraram a importância da seleção de características através de redes convolucionais. Na aprendizagem não-supervisionada observou-se poucas diferenças para a clusterização utilizando os métodos k-Means e Fuzzy C-Means.
Segmentação e Data Augmentation em imagens de raio-x de Pacientes com Tuberculose ou COVID-19
Authors: Oliveira Alexandre Ferreira , Rocha Marcos Vinícius , Seixas José Manoel
Published: October 2021

O emprego da Inteligência Artificial (IA) tem ganhado importância nas mais diversas áreas da ciência. A tuberculose é uma doença transmissível que está entre uma das 10 principais causas de morte em todo o mundo. O SARS Cov-2 é um tipo de coronavírus que pode atingir diferentes partes do corpo humano, que fez com que a OMS decretasse o estágio de pandemia, com severos impactos em escala global. Este trabalho tem por objetivo empregar redes neurais profundas a fim de avaliar o impacto da segmentação de pulmões e data augmentation na classificação de pacientes com tuberculose ou COVID-19, em base de dados de tamanho reduzido. Desenvolvemos modelos que foram capazes de identificar pacientes com tuberculose (acurácia de 97,7%), ou COVID (acurácia de 99,4%), a partir de data augmentation sugerindo a viabilidade do emprego no diagnóstico assistido por computador.
Effect of cadmium sorption by river sediments on longitudinal dispersion
Authors: Nasrabadi Mohsen , Mazdeh Ali Mahdavi , Omid Mohammad Hossein
Published: October 2021

This paper concerns the cadmium sorptive effects by river bed sediments on longitudinal dispersion coefficient in an open-channel flow via experimental and numerical study. For this purpose, a circular flume was used with mean diameter of 1.6 m and a width of 0.2 m. The adsorbing bed was considered as a thin layer of the sediment particles with mean diameter of 0.53 mm and three sediment concentrations of 3, 12, and 20 gr/lit. To determine the sorption parameters of the sediments, some experiments were conducted with three cadmium concentrations of 150, 460, and 770 ppb. Then, the dispersion experiments were carried out with and without the bed sediments with the same cadmium concentration as the sorption experiments. A numerical model was then developed to solve the advection–dispersion equation with considering the sorption term by river bed sediments. The longitudinal dispersion coefficients were estimated by comparing the experimental and numerical breakthrough curves. The results showed that, with increasing the sediment concentrations, the sediment sorption rate increased and the longitudinal dispersion coefficient decreased by about 38, 36 and 33 percent, respectively, for cadmium concentrations of 150, 460 and 770 ppb. In addition, by increasing the cadmium concentrations, the changes in the longitudinal dispersion coefficient are decreased. Furthermore, a relationship was developed using non-dimensional longitudinal dispersion as a function of the new parameter of sorption ratio. From a practical point of view, the results of this study demonstrated that, at the presence of riverbed sediment, the cadmium is longitudinally dispersed with more delay in comparison with no sediment at the river bed.
LINGUOACOUSTIC RESOURCES IN OBJECT-ORIENTED DYNAMIC ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   Belarusian National Technical University, JULIA A. ZDORONOK
Published: October 2021

This article is devoted to the study of linguoacoustic resources, which are presented in an object-oriented dynamic environment as ready-to-use phrases. The systematization of linguoacoustic resources in the form of a phrasebook in an object-oriented dynamic environment determines the direction of a person in the study of a foreign language at a conscious level and supports this process with the standard of correct speech behavior, for which the acoustic component is primary. The formation of mental actions in an object-oriented dynamic environment occurs gradually due to the fragmentation of linguoacoustic material into doses, followed by assignment with immediate feedback. The presence of audiovisual components that serve as a guideline instead of rules-instructions, speaks of the acquiring of a foreign language at the functional level, which begins with obtaining a standard of speech behavior. The situation, which is given in the audiovisual presentation, contains everything that the linguistic unit contains, so that the learners acting as the characters depicted in the example have no doubts about what kind of speech action they should perform. As a result, the ability to perceive, understand and recognize speech structures in the given communication conditions is formed. In this way, the student becomes proficient due to a system, for which it is necessary not the rote learning, but the meaningful memorizing of learning material.
THE CONCEPT OF COLLOCATION IN THE HISTORY OF TRADITIONAL AND CORPUS LINGUISTICS
Authors:   Astrakhan State University, NADEZHDA P. LOSHCHAKOVA
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the history of the origin of the concept of collocation in the traditional and its development in modern corpus linguistics. The main goal of this work was to analyze and describe the concept of collocation, to determine the reasons for popularity, as well as the main stages of formation in traditional and corpus linguistics.
CONCEPTUAL BLENDING THEORY AS A TOOL FOR INTERPRETING BRITISH NATIONAL HUMOR
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, NATALJA N. NIKOLAEVA , MARGARITA V. KULIKOVA ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University
Published: October 2021

The article considers British humorous text interpretation in terms of the cognitive linguistic paradigm, in particular, conceptual blending theory. British national humor is analyzed as a preserver and exponent of the historical heritage, national culture, and national collective memory. The paper aims to demonstrate the potential of conceptual blending theory for analyzing the British sense of humor. The object is British humor. The subject is English texts with a humorous implication analyzed using an interpretative analysis based on conceptual integration theory. The novelty consists of considering this theory as an interpretative tool for researching into the collective memory of the British. It is evaluated through the prism of polymodal conceptualization along with national culture, which is inextricably linked with the English sense of humor. The paper shows that the blending theory can be successfully applied to understanding humor, since it is based on describing how cognitive thinking models and operations are organized, structured, and used. The results show that British humor focuses not only on the British national traits, lifestyle, and worldview, but also on the collective rethinking of the national historical past, in particular, the hardships that befell the British at World War II.