bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge Extraction Method to Support Domain Integrated Design Methodology
Authors: Sun Siyuan , Velivela Pavan Tejaswi , Zeng Yong , Zhao Yaoyao Fiona
Published: November 2022

Nowadays, bio-inspiration has enhanced the creation of sustainable and innovative solutions to modern engineering problems. Nature could inspire mechanical engineers to develop innovative ideas as a great source for multifunctional and optimized designs. However, it is very difficult to extract desired design knowledge from primarily text-based databases and mainly focus on describing the biological system. The main objective of this study is to build a multi-label classification system to classify bio-inspired designs to support the Domain Integrated Design methodology. The proposed system integrates NLP and text mining with several machine learning models to learn and predict the functionalities of bio-inspired design. Various design functionalities were summarized based on the available resources from the AskNature database, then the main information extracted from the database, and they were labelled with corresponding multi-functionalities. Due to the high complexity of the multi-label classification system, multi-label classifiers were built based on different combinations of baseline classifiers and trained to classify selected AskNature pages. One case study was conducted to verify the impact of the proposed system. The results showed that the proposed system is feasible and would be a solution for classifying the bio-inspired design and functional basis knowledge extraction method to support DID methodology.
Are You Feeling Happy? the Effect of Emotions on People’s Interaction Experience Toward Empathetic Chatbots
Authors: Liao Ting , Yan Bei
Published: November 2022

People may experience emotions before interacting with automated agents to seek information and support. However, existing literature has not well examined how human emotional states affect their interaction experience with agents or how automated agents should react to emotions. This study proposes to test how participants perceive an empathetic agent (chatbot) vs. a non-empathetic one under various emotional states (i.e., positive, neutral, negative) when the chatbot mediates the initial screening process for student advising. Participants are prompted to recall a previous emotional experience and have text-based conversations with the chatbot. The study confirms the importance of presenting empathetic cues in the design of automated agents to support human-agent collaboration. Participants who recall a positive experience are more sensitive to the chatbot’s empathetic behavior. The empathetic behavior of the chatbot improves participants’ satisfaction and makes those who recall a neutral experience feel more positive during the interaction. The results reveal that participants’ emotional states are likely to influence their tendency to self-disclose, interaction experience, and perception of the chatbot’s empathetic behavior. The study also highlights the increasing need for emotional acknowledgment of people who experience positive emotions so that design efforts need to be designated according to people’s dynamic emotional states.
Classification of Surface Defects on Galvanized Cold-Rolled Steel Sheets Using Data-Driven Fault Model With Attention Mechanism
Authors: Chen Hao , Nie Zhenguo , Xu Qingfeng , Fei Jianghua , Yang Kang , Li Yaguan , Fan Wenhui , Liu Xin-Jun
Published: November 2022

In the production of the galvanized cold-rolled steel sheets used for stamping car body parts, in-situ and real-time defective detecting is crucial for quality control, in which various types of defects will inevitably occur. It is challenging to improve the accuracy of defect image classification by appropriate means to assist the manual screening process better. Defects under actual production conditions are often not prominent enough in defect characteristics, and there may be a significant similarity between different defect categories. To eliminate this weakness, we propose a data-driven faulty detection model named Steel Faulty Detection Attention Net (SFDANet) that uses images of the galvanized steel surface as input to identify whether the product is qualified and automatic classification of defect types instantaneously. This method can shorten product inspection time and improve production line efficiency automatically. In addition, the attention mechanism is utilized, enhancing the performance of SFDANet. Compared with the baseline that applied the ResNet method, SFDANet achieves a noticeable improvement in the classification accuracy of the test data. The well-trained model can successfully show an improved performance than the baseline models on the multiple types of faulty. Enhanced by SFDANet with high classification accuracy, the defect rate of products is significantly reduced, and the production speed of the production line is significantly improved.
Fuzzy-Based Adaptive Model Predictive Control for Deteriorating Model Uncertainty of Hydraulic Servo Systems
Authors: Sun Hao , Tao Jianfeng , Yu Honggan , Liu Chengliang
Published: November 2022

The deterioration of model uncertainties is an important factor restricting the control performance for hydraulic servo systems. This paper proposes a fuzzy-based adaptive model predictive control (MPC) method with a linear extended state observer (LESO) for such systems. The LESO is employed to estimate the total disturbances and other unmeasured states to predict system behavior. Based on the constructed objective function, the optimal output sequence is obtained via the receding horizon and repeating optimization. As for the output feedback MPC, the influence of key parameters on observation errors is analyzed and revealed in the face of deteriorating model uncertainties. Furthermore, its impact on the tracking performance of the system is considered according to the closed-loop state equation on the premise of asymptotic stability. Based on this, a fuzzy-based weight coefficient self-tuning strategy is developed to achieve the bounded observation errors. That is, during the repeating optimization, the defined and estimated disturbances are dynamically adjusted, simultaneously. The closed-loop tracking errors are thus improved compared with the case of the fixed weight coefficient. The simulation results indicate that the proposed fuzzy-based adaptive MPC controller shows an excellent tracking performance in the case of the deterioration of the model parameter uncertainty and the unmodeled uncertainty.
Smart DNA nanogel coated polydopamine nanoparticle with high drug loading for chemo-photothermal therapy of cancer
Authors: Zang Shiyu , Deng Xunxun , Wang Jiamian , Zhao Yanqiu , Wu Shuo
Published: November 2022

A smart deoxyribose nucleic acid nanogel coated polydopamine nanosphere hybrid was designed for chemo-photothermal therapy of cancer. The nanohybrid showed good colloid stability, narrow size distribution, high drug loading, good biocompatibility, and high photothermal conversion efficiency, and could release the drug on desired tumor sites.
Association of Recess Provision With Elementary School-Aged Children’s Physical Activity, Adiposity, and Cardiorespiratory and Muscular Fitness
Authors: Clevenger Kimberly A. , McNarry Melitta A. , Mackintosh Kelly A. , Berrigan David
Published: November 2022

Purpose: To identify associations between amount of school recess provision and children’s physical activity (PA), weight status, adiposity, cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength, and muscular endurance. Method: Data from 6- to 11-year-old participants (n = 499) in the 2012 National Youth Fitness Survey were analyzed. Parents/guardians reported children’s PA levels and recess provision, categorized as no/minimal (9.0%), low (26.1%), medium (46.0%), or high (18.9%). Children wore a wrist-worn accelerometer for 7 days and completed anthropometric measurements. Fitness was assessed using grip strength and treadmill, pull-up, and plank tests. Cross-sectional linear and logistic regression compared outcomes across levels of recess provision adjusting for the survey’s complex sampling design. Results: Children with high provision of recess were 2.31 times more likely to meet PA guidelines according to parent report than those with no/minimal recess. Accelerometer-measured PA followed a more U-shaped pattern, wherein PA was higher in children with high, compared to low, recess provision but comparable to those with no/minimal recess provision. There were no associations with weight status, adiposity, or fitness. Conclusion: Current recess recommendations (20 min·d−1) may be insufficient as 30 minutes per day of recess was associated with a 2-fold greater likelihood of achieving recommended PA levels. Additional research on recess quantity and quality is needed.
Insights into complex I assembly: Function of NDUFAF1 and a link with cardiolipin remodeling
Authors: Schiller Jonathan , Laube Eike , Wittig Ilka , Kühlbrandt Werner , Vonck Janet , Zickermann Volker
Published: November 2022

Respiratory complex I is a ~1-MDa proton pump in mitochondria. Its structure has been revealed in great detail, but the structural basis of its assembly, in humans involving at least 15 assembly factors, is essentially unknown. We determined cryo–electron microscopy structures of assembly intermediates associated with assembly factor NDUFAF1 in a yeast model system. Subunits ND2 and NDUFC2 together with assembly factors NDUFAF1 and CIA84 form the nucleation point of the NDUFAF1-dependent assembly pathway. Unexpectedly, the cardiolipin remodeling enzyme tafazzin is an integral component of this core complex. In a later intermediate, all 12 subunits of the proximal proton pump module have assembled. NDUFAF1 locks the central ND3 subunit in an assembly-competent conformation, and major rearrangements of central subunits are required for complex I maturation.
Diet-derived metabolites and mucus link the gut microbiome to fever after cytotoxic cancer treatment
Authors: Schwabkey Zaker I. , Wiesnoski Diana H. , Chang Chia-Chi , Tsai Wen-Bin , Pham Dung , Ahmed Saira S. , Hayase Tomo , Ortega Turrubiates Miriam R. , El-Himri Rawan K. , Sanchez Christopher A. , Hayase Eiko , Frenk Oquendo Annette C. , Miyama Takahiko , Halsey Taylor M. , Heckel Brooke E. , Brown Alexandria N. , Jin Yimei , Raybaud Mathilde , Prasad Rishika , Flores Ivonne , McDaniel Lauren , Chapa Valerie , Lorenzi Philip L. , Warmoes Marc O. , Tan Lin , Swennes Alton G. , Fowler Stephanie , Conner Margaret , McHugh Kevin , Graf Tyler , Jensen Vanessa B. , Peterson Christine B. , Do Kim-Anh , Zhang Liangliang , Shi Yushu , Wang Yinghong , Galloway-Pena Jessica R. , Okhuysen Pablo C. , Daniel-MacDougall Carrie R. , Shono Yusuke , Burgos da Silva Marina , Peled Jonathan U. , van den Brink Marcel R.M. , Ajami Nadim , Wargo Jennifer A. , Reddy Pavan , Valdivia Raphael H. , Davey Lauren , Rondon Gabriela , Srour Samer A. , Mehta Rohtesh S. , Alousi Amin M. , Shpall Elizabeth J. , Champlin Richard E. , Shelburne Samuel A. , Molldrem Jeffrey J. , Jamal Mohamed A. , Karmouch Jennifer L. , Jenq Robert R.
Published: November 2022

Not all patients with cancer and severe neutropenia develop fever, and the fecal microbiome may play a role. In a single-center study of patients undergoing hematopoietic cell transplant (
n
 = 119), the fecal microbiome was characterized at onset of severe neutropenia. A total of 63 patients (53%) developed a subsequent fever, and their fecal microbiome displayed increased relative abundances of
Akkermansia muciniphila
, a species of mucin-degrading bacteria (
P
 = 0.006, corrected for multiple comparisons). Two therapies that induce neutropenia, irradiation and melphalan, similarly expanded
A. muciniphila
and additionally thinned the colonic mucus layer in mice. Caloric restriction of unirradiated mice also expanded
A. muciniphila
and thinned the colonic mucus layer. Antibiotic treatment to eradicate
A. muciniphila
before caloric restriction preserved colonic mucus, whereas
A. muciniphila
reintroduction restored mucus thinning. Caloric restriction of unirradiated mice raised colonic luminal pH and reduced acetate, propionate, and butyrate. Culturing
A. muciniphila
in vitro with propionate reduced utilization of mucin as well as of fucose. Treating irradiated mice with an antibiotic targeting
A. muciniphila
or propionate preserved the mucus layer, suppressed translocation of flagellin, reduced inflammatory cytokines in the colon, and improved thermoregulation. These results suggest that diet, metabolites, and colonic mucus link the microbiome to neutropenic fever and may guide future microbiome-based preventive strategies.
Sugar-Phosphate Toxicities Attenuate Salmonella Fitness in the Gut
Authors: Boulanger Erin F. , Sabag-Daigle Anice , Baniasad Maryam , Kokkinias Katherine , Schwieters Andrew , Wrighton Kelly C. , Wysocki Vicki H. , Ahmer Brian M. M.
Published: November 2022

Bacterial pathogens are becoming increasingly resistant to antibiotics. There is an urgent need to identify novel drug targets and therapeutic strategies.
Inactivated Vaccine-Induced SARS-CoV-2 Variant-Specific Immunity in Children
Authors: Soto Jorge A. , Melo-González Felipe , Gutierrez-Vera Cristián , Schultz Bárbara M. , Berríos-Rojas Roslye V. , Rivera-Pérez Daniela , Piña-Iturbe Alejandro , Hoppe-Elsholz Guillermo , Duarte Luisa F. , Vázquez Yaneisi , Moreno-Tapia Daniela , Ríos Mariana , Palacios Pablo A. , Garcia-Betancourt Richard , Santibañez Álvaro , Pacheco Gaspar A. , Mendez Constanza , Andrade Catalina A. , Silva Pedro H. , Diethelm-Varela Benjamín , Astudillo Patricio , Calvo Mario , Cárdenas Antonio , González Marcela , Goldsack Macarena , Gutiérrez Valentina , Potin Marcela , Schilling Andrea , Tapia Lorena I. , Twele Loreto , Villena Rodolfo , Grifoni Alba , Sette Alessandro , Weiskopf Daniela , Fasce Rodrigo A. , Fernández Jorge , Mora Judith , Ramírez Eugenio , Gaete-Argel Aracelly , Acevedo Mónica L. , Valiente-Echeverría Fernando , Soto-Rifo Ricardo , Retamal-Díaz Angello , Muñoz-Jofré Nathalia ,   PedCoronaVac03CL Study Group,, Meng Xing , Xin Qianqian , Alarcón-Bustamante Eduardo , González-Aramundiz José V. , Le Corre Nicole , Álvarez-Figueroa María Javiera , González Pablo A. , Abarca Katia , Perret Cecilia , Carreño Leandro J. , Bueno Susan M. , Kalergis Alexis M. ,   Members of the PedCoronaVac03CL Study Group and the Data and Safety Monitoring Board, Paredes Patricio Astudillo , Jara Epifanía Hernández , Fernández Héctor Morán , Urra Javiera Arenas , Baeza Stephani Ascui , Cabrera María Olivia , Muñoz José Romero , Andrade Gonzalo Alarcón , Espósito Rocío Rodríguez , Silva Anwar Gutiérrez , Gutiérrez Fernanda Pérez , Muñoz Alma Muñoz , Santander Marcela Potin , López Sofia , Weil Tania , Goldsack Macarena , Arenas Deidyland , Araya Andrea , Moore Javiera , Pilicita Lorena , Valenzuela Vania , Campos Catalina , Soto Mauricio , Schilling Andrea , Trautmann Alberto , Fritis Ana , Pavez Daniela , Arancibia Javiera , Rubio Lilian , Viviani Paula , Basic Vinka , Cárcamo Cassandra , Gil Mario Calvo , Wenzel Marisol , Carey Nicole , Burgos Roberto , Twele Loreto , Beltrán Daniel , Grandón Silvana , Tovar Carlos , González Marcela , Fuentes Daniela , Ramírez Teresa , Corrales Mariela Cepeda , López Nataly Martínez , Gutiérrez Valentina , Reyes Felipe , Lavayen Armando , González Melissa , Gutiérrez Monserrat , Rengifo Noris , Ortega Carla , Saver Florencia , Tapia Lorena , Acuña Mirta , Albornoz Javiera , Cariqueo Tania , Velásquez Alejandro , Chamorro Yennybeth Leiva , Villena Rodolfo , Flores Paola , Bartsch Francisca , Sepúlveda Belén , Garmendia Daniela , González Lorena , Cárdenas Antonio , Retamal Angello , Ludeña Carmen , Hermosilla Carolina , Keilhold Gustavo , Cammarata-Scalisi Francisco , Álvarez Jessica , Romero Jessica , Villarroel Pía , Muñoz Francisca , Maya Jorge , Canales Andrés , Lay Margarita K. , Muñoz Christian , Araya Roylester
Published: November 2022

This work evaluated the immune response induced by two doses of CoronaVac separated by 4 weeks in healthy children and adolescents in Chile. To date, few studies have described the effects of CoronaVac in the pediatric population.
Supplemental Material: Location and shape of the Lhasa terrane prior to India-Asia collision
Authors: Bian Weiwei , al. et
Published: November 2022

The supplemental material contains further illustrations of hysteresis loops (Fig. S1), k-T curves (Fig. S2), equal-area projections of the specimen-mean directions of the low-temperature component (Fig. S3), equal-area projections of the site-mean directions of the intermediate-temperature component (Fig. S4), hysteresis parameter for individual specimens at room temperature (Table S1), intermediate-temperature component directions for the Duoni Formation red beds (Table S2), high-temperature component directions for the Duoni Formation red beds (Table S3), and summary of the available Cretaceous paleomagnetic results from the Shiquanhe, Gerze, Cuoqin, Maxiang, Linzhou, and Naqu areas in the Lhasa terrane (Table S4).
Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and perinatal health service utilisation and outcomes in Mozambique: an interrupted time series analysis
Authors: Lydon Megan M , Vilanculos Joaquim , Martinez Andres , Barata Américo , Keyes Emily
Published: November 2022

Objectives

To measure the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and perinatal health services and outcomes in Mozambique.

Design

This is an observational study analysing routine service delivery data using interrupted time series analysis. We used 43 months of district-level panel data with April 2020 as the point of interruption, adjusting for seasonality and population growth to analyse service utilisation outcomes.

Setting

The 222 public health facilities in Nampula Province, Mozambique, from January 2018 to July 2021.

Outcome measures

The change in the number of antenatal care (ANC) visits and facility deliveries, and the change in the rate of adverse birth outcomes at pandemic onset and over time compared with expected levels and trends, respectively.

Results

There were no significant disruptions to ANC at pandemic onset. Following this, there was a significant monthly increase of 29.8 (18.2–41.4) first ANC visits and 11.3 (5.5–17.2) ANC visits within the first trimester per district above prepandemic trends. There was no significant change in the number of fourth ANC visits completed. At the onset of COVID-19, districts experienced a significant decrease of 71.1 (−110.5 to −31.7) facility deliveries, but the rate then increased significantly above prepandemic trends. There was no significant increase in any adverse birth outcomes during the pandemic. Conversely, districts observed a significant monthly decrease of 5.3 uterine rupture cases (−9.9 to −0.6) and 19.2 stillbirths (−33.83 to −4.58) per 100 000 facility deliveries below prepandemic trends. There was a significant drop of 23.5 cases of neonatal sepsis/100 000 facility deliveries per district at pandemic onset.

Conclusion

Despite pandemic interference, Nampula Province saw no disruptions to ANC, only temporary disruptions to facility deliveries and no increases in adverse birth outcomes. ANC visits surprisingly increased, and the rates of uterine rupture, stillbirth and neonatal sepsis decreased, suggesting that Nampula Province may offer insights about health system resilience.
Care coordination and unmet need for specialised health services among children with special healthcare needs in the USA: results from a cross-sectional analysis of the national survey of children with special healthcare needs
Authors: Graaf Genevieve , Gigli Kristin
Published: November 2022

Objective

To report rates of need and unmet need for specialised health services (occupational and speech therapies, durable medical equipment, home healthcare, and mobility and communication aids) from the National Survey of Children with Special Health Care Needs (CSHCN) (2009/2010) and assess the role of care coordination in having needs met. We distinguish between CSHCN with and without emotional, behavioural and developmental disorders (EBDPs) in the USA.

Design

A cross sectional cohort study of a nationally representative sample of CSHCN from the National Survey of CSHCN for 2009/2010 used logistic regression to assess the relationship between EBDPs and need and unmet need for specialised services. It also estimates the association of care coordination with unmet need for all services, for CSHCN with and without EBDPs.

Setting

A nationally representative sample of CSHCN in the USA.

Participants

Children ages 0–17 years of age.

Results

Across all specialised health services, rates of unmet need were at or below 25%. Need and unmet need for most services was higher among CSHCN with EBDPs than those without. For CSHCN with and without EBDPs, adequate care coordination was associated with greater probability of having needs for therapy, home health and communication aids met.

Conclusion

Care coordination is essential to reducing barriers to a wide range of healthcare services for CSCHN. Policies requiring adequate insurance coverage for care coordination may play a critical role in ensuring access to specialised health services.
Effects of hydromorphone-based intravenous patient-controlled analgesia with and without a low basal infusion on postoperative hypoxaemia: study protocol for a randomised controlled clinical trial
Authors: Ma Yumei , Deng Zhuomin , Feng Xiangying , Luo Jialin , Meng Yang , Lin Jingjing , Mu Xiaoxiao , Yang Xuan , Nie Huang
Published: November 2022

Introduction

When patients receive patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA), no basal infusion is always recommended, as the addition of a basal infusion increases the occurrence of postoperative opioid-induced respiratory depression. However, few studies have investigated whether low basal infusions increase the incidence of postoperative hypoxaemia relative to no basal infusion. We intend to conduct a clinical trial to test the hypothesis that PCIA with a low basal infusion does not increase the occurrence of postoperative hypoxaemia relative to PCIA with no basal infusion.

Methods and analysis

This single-centre parallel randomised controlled clinical trial will be conducted with 160 patients undergoing gastrointestinal tumour surgery. The assigned nurse will set analgesic pumps (low or no basal infusion PCIA) according to block-based randomisation sequence. Other investigators and all participants will be blinded to intervention allocation. All patients will be monitored continuously with the ep pod, a wireless wearable device, recording of oxygen saturation (SpO2) and daily ambulation duration for 48 hours postoperatively. Three follow-up evaluations will be conducted to assess the analgesic effect (Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) pain score) and opioid-related side effects (Overall Benefit of Analgesic Score (OBAS)). The primary outcome will be the area under the curve for hypoxaemia (defined as SpO2<95%) per hour. The secondary outcomes will be the areas under the curve for hypoxaemia defined as SpO2<90% and <85% per hour, hydromorphone consumption, OBASs at 24 and 48 hours postoperatively, NRS scores at 4, 24 and 48 hours postoperatively, and the ambulation time per hour over 48 hours.

Ethics and dissemination

The study has been approved by the Xijing Hospital Ethics Committee (KY20212163-F-1). Written informed consent will be obtained from all patients or their authorised surrogates. All data will be managed with confidentiality. Findings will be disseminated at international conferences and in peer-reviewed journals.

Trial registration number

ChiCTR2100054317.
Human equality arguments against abortion
Authors: Miller Calum
Published: November 2022

In this paper, I argue that a commitment to a very modest form of egalitarianism—equality between non-disabled human adults—implies fetal personhood. Since the most plausible bases for human value are in being human, or in a gradated property, and since the latter of which implies an inequality between non-disabled adult humans, I conclude that the most plausible basis for human equality is in being human—an attribute which fetuses have.
Ultimate soil resistance of the laterally loaded pile in uniform sand
Authors: Wang H. , Wang L. Z. , Askarinejad A. , Hong Y. , He B.
Published: November 2022

Piles have been widely used as foundations to resist lateral loads. For the design of a laterally loaded pile, one of the most important inputs is the ultimate soil resistance ( [Formula: see text] , where Kultis the ultimate lateral soil resistance coefficient, D is the pile diameter, and [Formula: see text] is the vertical effective stress). However, great discrepancy can be found in the existing design equations for piles in sand. To provide new insights and clarify the discrepancy in previous studies, in this study, a series of numerical simulations were performed on piles of different configurations using the finite element model validated by centrifuge pile tests. The computed results suggest that Kultis a function of depth ratios z/ D and z/ L for the flexible and rigid piles, respectively (where z is the absolute depth and L is the embedded pile length), and all existing design equations failed to reproduce the magnitude and distribution of Kult. Additionally, the Kultof horizontally translated fixed-head rigid piles exhibits the same pattern as that of free-head flexible piles, suggesting that the difference between free-head flexible piles and rigid piles is caused by the change of failure modes.
Validation of the Hospital Score as Predictor of 30-Day Potentially Avoidable Readmissions in a Brazilian Population: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: da Silva Nayara Cristina , Albertini Marcelo Keese , Backes André Ricardo , das Graças Pena Geórgia
Published: November 2022

Background: Hospital readmissions are associated with several negative health outcomes and higher hospital costs. The HOSPITAL score is one of the tools developed to identify patients at high risk of hospital readmission, but its predictive capacity in more heterogeneous populations involving different diagnoses and clinical contexts is poorly understood. Objective: The aim of this study is to externally validate the HOSPITAL score in a hospitalized Brazilian population. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was carried out with patients over the age of 18 years in a tertiary university hospital. We performed a refitted HOSPITAL score with the same definitions and predictive variables included in the original HOSPITAL score and compared the predictive capacity of both. The receiver operating characteristic was constructed by comparing the performance risk forecasting tools measuring the area under the curve (AUC). Results: Of the 47,464 patients, 50.9% were over 60 years and 58.4% were male. The frequency of 30-day potentially avoidable readmission was 7.70%. The accuracy of original and refitted HOSPITAL scores was close, although statistically different ([Formula: see text]), AUC: 0.733 (CI 95%: 0.718, 0.748) and 0.7401 (CI 95%: 0.7256, 0.7547), respectively. The frequency of 60, 90, 180, and 365-days readmissions ranged from 10.60% to 18.30%. Conclusion: The original and refitted HOSPITAL score is a useful tool to identify patients at high risk of 30-day potentially avoidable readmission, in patients with different diagnoses in public tertiary hospitals. In this sense, our study expands and reinforces the usefulness of the HOSPITAL score as a tool that can be used as part of intervention strategies to reduce the rate of hospital readmission.
Long-Range Technology-Enabled Smart Communication: Challenges and Comparison
Authors: Malik Praveen , Das Sudipta , Inthiyaz Syed
Published: November 2022

Among other technologies, the Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the promising technologies that will help us to make our environment smarter and gather, analyze and process sensor data without any human intervention. Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) is a technology that is part of the IoT, in which is the long-range (LoRa) technology that can provide wide coverage at a cost of very low power and that can boost data communication in our smart environment. The ease of their integration with the electronic system has opened a lot of new scope in the field of low-power wide-area networks in IoT applications. This paper provides a well-rounded review of LPWAN technology and in-depth details of LoRa technology. A good insight is given into the implementation of LoRa technology to design smart cities and the types of antenna technology used in LoRa data communications. Finally, a few open issues, possible solutions and future development are pointed out.
The Influence of Curved Profiles on the Vibro-Acoustic Characteristics of Light-Weighted Sandwich Shell: An Analytical Solution
Authors: Reddy R. Kiran Kumar , George Nivish , Veerappan AR. , Arunkumar M. P. , Bhagat Vinod
Published: November 2022

The overall aircraft noise is significantly minimized using curved light weighted sandwich shells as an airframe element. However, there is a lack of studies on how the curvature can influence vibro-acoustic characteristics. To the best of our knowledge, this paper presents an analytical solution that predicts the vibro-acoustic characteristics of simply supported light-weighted sandwich shells with various curved profiles for the first time. Natural frequencies, displacement and velocity responses, sound pressure level (SPL), sound transmission loss (STL), and radiation efficiency are the critical parameters when analyzing vibro-acoustic characteristics of any structure and are presented in this paper. The generalized kinematic equations are established for the sandwich shells, and the governing differential equations are derived using Hamilton’s principle. The solutions are obtained using Navier’s method, and the vibration response is determined by solving the first five unknown mode coefficients. The Rayleigh Integral is used to extract the acoustic responses and is validated. In addition, the effect of face sheet to core thickness ratio [Formula: see text] of curved sandwich shells on vibro-acoustic characteristics is critically examined and presented. It is found that introducing the positive curvature to the sandwich shell reduces the bending moment, thus improves improving the vibro-acoustic characteristics in the lower frequency range. An increase in the [Formula: see text] enhances the shell’s vibro-acoustic characteristics until a threshold value [Formula: see text], beyond which the mass contribution deteriorates the characteristics. For a hyperbolic paraboloid shell [Formula: see text], this effect was observed at a lower-frequency value of 425[Formula: see text]Hz.
Design and Forced Vibration Experiment Study of the Elastic Beam Structure with an Intelligent Boundary
Authors: Zhao Yuhao , Yan Yusen , Du Jingtao , Chen Yilin , Liu Yang
Published: November 2022

This paper attaches importance to the design and manufacturing of a type of intelligent boundary for vibration control of the elastic beam structure. Artificially set as 12 working states in this study, the intelligent boundary consists of the executing element and the control element. The equivalent stiffness coefficients of the intelligent boundary under each working state are obtained through the experiment. The study on the influence imposed by the intelligent boundary on the forced vibration responses of the elastic beam structure is carried out through the experiment. Based on this work, the equivalent stiffness of the intelligent boundary can be effectively controlled through the change to its working state. The adjustment to the range for the stiffness coefficients of the intelligent boundary can be conducted by changing the line diameter of the springs. In the effective working region, the change to the working states of the intelligent boundary imposes a significant influence on the vibration responses of the elastic beam structure, where an appropriate working state of the intelligent boundary effectively suppresses the vibration at the boundary of the elastic beam. The intelligent boundary can control the vibration of the elastic beam structure through the change to its boundary condition. The control flow of the intelligent boundary is proposed to improve the engineering acceptance of the intelligent boundary.
Roadmap to Precision Agriculture Under Circular Economy Constraints
Authors: Yaqot Mohammed , Menezes Brenno C. , Al-Ansari Tareq
Published: November 2022

Today’s smart and sustainable agricultural enterprises are founded on the intercorrelation between Industry 4.0 (I4) technologies and circular economy (CE) fundaments. At the industrial level, it is mandatory to constrain the design, operation, and control of the next generation of manufacturing, logistics, and supply chain systems that respect economic, environmental, and social aspects. At the individual level, behaviours and preferences require re-do (as recycling) and a re-do-not (as rethinking) actions to reduce human inefficiencies and excesses in the economy and impacts on the environment. Both industrial and individual levels are responsible for the growth of a harmonious industry and society into a new I4–CE mandate intertwined with sustainable development concerns. Particularly, this paper reveals how the state-of-the-art I4 technologies could promote CE initiatives in the agriculture industry by addressing such technologies as a foundation for the so-called precision agriculture (PA). The outcomes of this paper are as follows: (a) address the mutually advantageous linkage between PA and CE; (b) detailed knowledge of the potential contributions of PA technologies to the regenerate, share, optimise, loop, virtualise, and exchange (ReSOLVE) as a CE model; (c) propose an action plan for future study integrating smart PA and CE principles based on green supply chain management theories.
Absorption spectra of calix[3]pyrrole analogs as probes for contracted macrocycles
Authors: Watanabe Keita , Saha Ranajit , Inaba Yuya , Manabe Yumehiro , Yoneda Tomoki , Ide Yuki , Hijikata Yuh , Inokuma Yasuhide
Published: November 2022

Calix[3]pyrrole and its furan derivatives exhibited bathochromically shifted lowest-energy electronic transition bands in their absorption spectra compared with their calix[4]- and calix[6]-pyrrole analogues, despite the repeating units being the same. We also observed fluorescence emission for calix[3]-type macrocycles. The Stokes shift of the furan/pyrrole hybrid macrocycles, calix[2]furan[1]-pyrrole, and calix[1]furan[2]pyrrole, substantially varied depending on the solvent polarity. Non-covalent interaction (NCI) analyses indicated enhanced interactions between neighboring aromatic rings in the calix[3]pyrrole macrocycle, whereas such interactions were weak in calix[4]pyrrole, in which the interchromophore distance is remarkably longer than in calix[3]pyrrole. Theoretical analyses indicated that the red-shifted, lowest-energy bands of calix[3]pyrrole correspond to HOMO–LUMO transitions, the energy gap of which was narrow compared with calix[4]pyrroles. The characteristic absorption bands for calix[3]pyrrole and its related macrocycles are useful as probes for distinguishing such macrocycles from higher calix[[Formula: see text]]pyrrole ([Formula: see text] 4) analogues that exhibit almost identical absorption spectra.
Extraction of lithium in salt lake brine through highly selective titanium ion sieves - A review
Authors: Chen Mingyan , Zeng Tingting , Liu Yucheng , Liu Rui
Published: November 2022

With the large-scale application and development of lithium-ion batteries, the extraction of lithium resources from salt lake brine has gradually become a global focus. Lithium titanium oxides (LTO)-type lithium ion-sieve (LIS) has attracted much attention due to its stable structure, high adsorption capacity, excellent recycling capacity, and environmental protection. In this review, we focused on the structure and adsorption mechanism of titanium-based ion sieves, and the preparation methods of different titanium oxide precursors. Furthermore, three modification methods including ion doping, morphology control, and surface coating were summarized. Finally, the insufficiency problem of current research is proposed, and the improvement and application of titanium-based LIS are prospected.
Parameters of a Short Dipole Antenna Placed Over a Two-Layer Lunar Soil
Authors: Tokarsky Peter
Published: November 2022

In this paper, the performance characteristics of a horizontal symmetrical dipole antenna, located in the immediate vicinity of the Moon’s surface, are numerically analyzed. The lunar soil is assumed as a flat-layered medium composed of two lossy dielectrics, the upper layer with a thickness of 5–10[Formula: see text]m, filled with regolith, and solid bedrock in the form of granite or basalt. Calculations were performed in the frequency range of 1–100[Formula: see text]MHz, which is interesting for low-frequency (LF) and very low-frequency (VLF) radio astronomy. The frequency dependences of the impedance, the radiation efficiency, and the effective area of a thin wire dipole with a short length are investigated. All calculations were carried out by simulation of the dipole using the well-known Altair Feko software. As a result of the calculations, it was found that the frequency characteristics of the dipole parameters above the two-layer medium have characteristic differences from the same for the dipole above a homogeneous medium, namely, they have oscillating components, the period and magnitude of which depend on the parameters of these media and the thickness of the upper layer. The presence of this oscillating component is largely manifested in the dipole efficiency and effective area but to a lesser in its impedance. The dependence of the dipole radiation pattern (RP) on the frequency also is analyzed in detail, making it possible to detect the quasi-periodic changes in its shape, which are clearly synchronized with the oscillating component of the dipole radiation efficiency.
Designing of Un-Fused Electron Acceptors with Enhanced Power Conversion Efficiency by Introducing Unique S–O Noncovalent Interaction
Authors: Khan Muhammad Shahzeb , Ul Haq Hameed , Ullah Sana , Syeda Shan e Zehra , Arshad Muhammad , Nasrullah Bushra
Published: November 2022

Terminal units’ modification is an effective strategy for designing efficient un-fused nonfullerene acceptors (UF-NFAs) with enhanced power conversion efficiency (PCE). Nowadays, researchers are focused on designing new UF-NFAs that enhance the PCE of organic solar cells. In this line, efforts are being made to design new UF-NFAs for possible application on organic solar cells (OSCs). By doing terminal unit modification of the Cl-4F molecule, we have designed a new series of UF-NFA (ETPJ-1–ETPJ-4). Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) at the B3LYP/6-311G([Formula: see text]) level have been employed for the computation of various geometric and photovoltaic aspects. Energies of highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMO) with their band gap suggested that ETPJ-1–ETPJ-4 are effective contributors to the design of the efficient active layer of OSCs. Red-shift (near IR) in the absorption spectrum with easy excitation of exciton has been noted in ETPJ-1–ETPJ-4. Enhanced open circuit voltage with high fill factor percentage (FF%) was also noted for designed systems. Further, the PCE values of the ETPJ-1–ETPJ-4 are better than the reference molecule. So, we recommended a novel kind of unfused nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) with unique S–O noncovalent interaction for possible application in OSCs.
Multiproxy sediment provenance analysis of two megafans in the Owambo Basin, northern Namibia
Authors: Gärtner Andreas , Houben Georg J. , Sitnikova Maria A. , Miller Roy McG , Wang Feiyu , Zieger-Hofmann Mandy , Zieger Johannes , Linnemann Ulf
Published: November 2022

The sediments in two stacked megafans in the Owambo Basin of northern Namibia and southern Angola were made accessible by a
c.
400 m long, continuously cored borehole. Previous studies have indicated that the lower buried Paleocene–Eocene Olukonda Megafan was deposited by a palaeo-Kunene River transporting material from the NW (i.e. from the Kunene Intrusive Complex and the adjacent Angola Shield). The morphology of the overlying Eocene–Pliocene Cubango Megafan suggests the input of sediments from the north via the Cubango River. Mineralogical and geochemical data from the upper fan indicate felsic metamorphic and granitoid sources. Previous studies, however, did not provide a unique provenance identifier. Combining detrital zircon U–Pb data from both megafans with previously published and newly obtained mineralogical and geochemical data confirms two distinct provenances. The Olukonda Megafan can now be uniquely attributed by means of its detrital zircon ages to the Kunene Intrusive Complex and the surrounding Epupa Metamorphic Complex. In good agreement with the geochronologically more varied geology of the source region in the north, the Cubango Megafan detrital zircon record shows a wide distribution of Paleoproterozoic to Archean ages, but also a younger age range, probably related to a later Damaran/Pan-African source, which is absent in the Olukonda detrital zircon record.

Supplementary material:
Data obtained for this study, e.g. geochemical data, heavy mineral composition, heavy mineral morphology, zircon morphology, U-Th-Pb isotopes and ages on zircon, instrument settings, and U-Th-Pb isotope data of analysed reference zircon are available at
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.6280517
Modulation of the gait pattern during split-belt locomotion after lateral spinal cord hemisection in adult cats
Authors: Lecomte Charly G. , Mari Stephen , Audet Johannie , Merlet Angèle N. , Harnie Jonathan , Beaulieu Claudie , Abdallah Khaled , Gendron Louis , Rybak Ilya A. , Prilutsky Boris I. , Frigon Alain
Published: November 2022

Everyday locomotion often involves left-right asymmetries, when turning, walking along circular paths, stepping on uneven terrains, etc. To show how incomplete spinal cord injury affects locomotor control in asymmetric conditions, we collected data before and after a thoracic lateral spinal hemisection on a split-belt treadmill with one side stepping faster than the other. We show that adjustments in kinematics and muscle activity allowed cats to retain the ability to perform asymmetric locomotion after hemisection.
The role of aperiodic spectral slope in event-related potentials and cognition among children with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Arnett Anne B. , Peisch Virginia , Levin April R.
Published: November 2022

This study constitutes the first investigation of associations between aperiodic spectral slope and three aspects of neurocognition: event-related potential (ERP) amplitudes, cognitive load, and task performance. We find that background oscillatory activity is dynamic, shifting in anticipation of varying levels of task relevance and in response to increasing cognitive load. Moreover, we report that aperiodic activity and ERPs constitute distinct neurophysiological processes. Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show reduced aperiodic dynamics in addition to attenuated ERP amplitudes.
A Revision on the Effectiveness of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids as Monotherapy in the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Accinni Tommaso , Panfili Matteo , Tarsitani Lorenzo , Biondi Massimo , Pasquini Massimo , Maraone Annalisa
Published: November 2022

Background. Insufficient effectiveness and a difficult tolerability profile of antidepressant drugs for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) have been reported, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been posited as reliable therapeutic alternatives. The present study investigated the efficacy of omega-3 PUFAs as monotherapy for MDD. Methods. Two well-trained reviewers independently looked at the most significant randomized clinical trials (RCTs) from the PubMed database regarding PUFAs’ employment in MDD compared to placebo; “major depressive disorder” and “omega-3 fatty acids,” or “omega-6 fatty acids,” or “polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA),” or “n − 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids,” or “eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA),” or “docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)” were used as the medical subject keywords. Results. Of the initial 96 potential RCTs based on titles and abstracts, 82 studies did not meet the inclusion criteria and were excluded. Six studies were excluded from the remaining 14 after full text revision. Eight RCTs met all the inclusion/exclusion criteria without reporting clear evidence of PUFAs’ effectiveness in the treatment of MDD. Conclusion. At present, there is no opportunity to recommend the use of omega-3 PUFAs monotherapy for the treatment of MDD, although their supplementation may be useful in some specific populations.
Possible Continuous Vertical Water Leakage of Deep Aquifer: Records from a Deep Well in Tianjin Province, North China
Authors: Zhang Yan , Sun Xiaolong , Huang Tianming , Qi Shengwen , Fu Li-Yun , Yang Qiu-Ye , Hu Junhua , Zheng Bowen , Zhang Wang
Published: November 2022

It is well known that the storage of the valuable helium and other natural gases needs thick well-confined aquitards. Meanwhile, the assumption that deep aquifers are confined is most evident from the wide practices of targeting deep aquifers as the storage of toxic wastes and CO2. With the negative phase shifts of the M2 tidal wave, previously, deep Gaocun well (~3500 m) in the North China Platform is assumed to be confined fairly well. However, water level of the Gaocun well has been continuously decreasing for ~40 years without coseismic variations and without explainable mechanism. In this study, innovatively, we find that even buried in ~3500 meters deep, and covered by thick compact mudstones, the aquifer of well Gaocun is calculated to be continuously leaking for ~40 years probably induced by the vertical leakage incurred by aquitard fractures, which is under the assumptions of the none-leaking bottom layer and none direct pumping or exploiting in the observation aquifer layer. Meanwhile, for the first time, we did a detailed systematic comparison between the leaky models of the tidal response and the barometric response of water level, which indicate a consistency leaky result, and the minor difference mainly induced by the frequency differences. Merits and demerits of both models are also analyzed. Last but not least, underground fluid leakages might frequently occur, which are becoming increasingly worldwide urgent since that might also be related with surface sourced contaminations, toxic waste burials, and burial and exploration of the natural gas reservoirs.
Coal Facies and Its Effects on Pore Characteristics of the Late Permian Longtan Coal, Western Guizhou, China
Authors: Lou Yi , Su Yuliang , Wang Wendong , Xia Peng , Wang Ke , Xiong Wei , Yu Yin , Shao Linjie , Yang Fuqin , Chen Xiangping
Published: November 2022

The coal facies and their effects on the coal pore characteristics of the Late Permian Longtan Formation, western Guizhou, were studied, using diverse experiments of macerals and minerals compositions, vitrinite reflectance, and pore characteristics. The results show that five coal facies exist in studied samples, and they are shallow-water covered forest peat swamp facies, moist forest peat swamp facies, dry forest peat swamp facies, low peat swamp facies, and wet land herbaceous peat swamp facies. Among them, the moist forest peat swamp facies accounts for the largest proportion, followed by the shallow-water covered forest peat swamp and dry forest peat swamp facies. The order of pore development degree is identical with the order of moist forest peat swamp facies coal > shallow-water covered forest peat swamp facies coal > dry forest peat swamp facies coal. In contrast to shallow-water covered forest peat swamp facies and dry forest peat swamp facies samples, moist forest peat swamp facies samples have higher porosity and larger pore size. Coal facies play an important role in controlling the pore structure of coal reservoir, which have more effect on pore size distribution than coal rank for the samples in this study.