bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Clinical Decision-Making with Pattern-Focused Case Conceptualizations
Authors: Sperry Len
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT: Successful therapists make effective clinical decisions that are informed by sound clinical reasoning. When such reasoning and decision-making are driven by an accurate and sufficient case conceptualization, it optimizes the likelihood of achieving positive clinical outcomes. This article begins by describing clinical reasoning and clinical decision-making and defining case conceptualization. It then describes an eight-component model for developing clinically valuable pattern-focused case conceptualizations useful in the practice of Adlerian Therapy in terms of 8 P s: presentation, precipitant, protective factors, pattern, predisposition, perpetuants, plan, and predictive factors. Incorporating all 8 P components is usually necessary and sufficient to effect the expected clinical change. Case examples illustrate the extent of sufficiency necessary for optimizing change.
GaAs-based antenna-coupled field effect transistors as direct THz detectors across a wide frequency range from 0.2 to 29.8 THz
Authors: Yadav Rahul , Ludwig Florian , Faridi Fahd Rushd , Klopf J. Michael , Roskos Hartmut G. , Penirschke Andreas , Preu Sascha
Published: November 2024

High-power coherent terahertz (THz) radiation from accelerator facilities such as free-electron lasers (FELs) is frequently used in pump-probe experiments where the pump or probe (or both) signals are intense THz pulses. Detectors for these applications have unique requirements that differ from those of low-power table-top systems. In this study, we demonstrate GaAs antenna-coupled field effect transistors (FETs) as a direct THz detector operating across a broad frequency spectrum ranging from 0.2 THz to 29.8 THz. At approximately 0.5 THz, the maximum current responsivity (ℜ
I
) of 0.59 mA/W is observed, signifying a noise equivalent power (NEP) of 2.27 nW/√Hz. We report an empirical roll-off of f−3 for an antenna-coupled GaAs TeraFET detector. Still, NEP of 0.94 μW/√Hz and a current responsivity ℜ
I
= 1.7μA/W is observed at 29.8 THz, indicating that with sufficient power the FET can be used from sub-mm wave to beyond far-infrared frequency range. Current and voltage noise floor of the characterized TeraFET is 2.09 pA and 6.84 μV, respectively. This characteristic makes GaAs FETs more suitable for applications requiring higher frequencies, ultra-broadband capabilities and robustness in the THz domain, such as beam diagnostics and alignment at particle accelerators.
Time-division-multiplexed Energy Harvesting from Quasi-Distributed Fiber Bragg Grating Arrays (FBGAs) Sensing Networks
Authors: Rjeb Alaaeddine , Mosquera Juan Marin , Kang Chun Hong , Alsayoud Ibrahim G. , Ashry Islam , Ng Tien Khee , Ooi Boon
Published: November 2024

This work presents a new approach to energy harvesting (EH) from a quasi-distributed sensing network of fiber Bragg grating arrays (FBGAs). While maintaining accurate FBGA temperature sensing, our approach collects the typically unused transmitted power from the broadband light across an FBGA sensing network and converts and stores it as electrical energy to power up electronic-based sensors (EBSs).
To demonstrate this concept, we reported on a quasi-distributed FBGA network topology consisting of two different FBGAs: one with 5 FBGs and the other with 10~FBGs. The system employs time-division multiplexing (TDM) via an optical switch to alternate the light between both FBGAs. Both FBGAs were calibrated for temperature sensing using their reflected spectra, showing typical sensitivity values of 11.72 pm/$^\circ$C-12.43 pm/$^\circ$C for FBGA1 and 12.86 pm/C-14~pm/C for FBGA2. The untapped power transmitted through both FBGAs was harvested using EH units based on supercapacitors. The EH process was investigated for different switching times (1~s, 100~s, 600~s, and 1000~s). The cumulative harvested power ranged from 6.56-7.06~mW, corresponding to the overall conversion efficiency of 25.8-27.8\% for the entire system after leaving it for 60 min of temperature sensing. These results validate the potential of using quasi-distributed FBGA networks for simultaneous sensing and EH, providing a sustainable solution for autonomous multi-parameter hybrid sensing applications such as remote underwater or underground EBS.
Human-like dissociations between confidence and accuracy in convolutional neural networks
Authors: Shekhar Medha , Rahnev Dobromir
Published: November 2024

Prior research has shown that manipulating stimulus energy by changing both stimulus contrast and variability results in confidence-accuracy dissociations in humans. Specifically, even when performance is matched, higher stimulus energy leads to higher confidence. The most common explanation for this effect, derived from cognitive modeling, is the positive evidence heuristic where confidence neglects evidence that disconfirms the choice. However, an alternative explanation is the signal-and-variance-increase hypothesis, according to which these dissociations arise from changes in the separation and variance of perceptual representations. Because artificial neural networks lack built-in confidence heuristics, they can serve as a test for the necessity of confidence heuristics in explaining confidence-accuracy dissociations. Therefore, we tested whether confidence-accuracy dissociations induced by stimulus energy manipulations emerge naturally in convolutional neural networks (CNNs). We found that, across three different energy manipulations, CNNs produced confidence-accuracy dissociations similar to those found in humans. This effect was present for a range of CNN architectures from shallow 4-layer networks to very deep ones, such as VGG-19 and ResNet-50 pretrained on ImageNet. Further, we traced back the reason for the confidence-accuracy dissociations in all CNNs to the same signal-and-variance increase that has been proposed for humans: higher stimulus energy increased the separation and variance of evidence distributions in the CNNs’ output layer leading to higher confidence even for matched accuracy. These findings cast doubt on the necessity of the positive evidence heuristic to explain human confidence and establish CNNs as promising models for testing cognitive theories of human behavior.
GeM-LR: Discovering predictive biomarkers for small datasets in vaccine studies
Authors: Lin Lin , Spreng Rachel L. , Seaton Kelly E. , Dennison S. Moses , Dahora Lindsay C. , Schuster Daniel J. , Sawant Sheetal , Gilbert Peter B. , Fong Youyi , Kisalu Neville , Pollard Andrew J. , Tomaras Georgia D. , Li Jia
Published: November 2024

Despite significant progress in vaccine research, the level of protection provided by vaccination can vary significantly across individuals. As a result, understanding immunologic variation across individuals in response to vaccination is important for developing next-generation efficacious vaccines. Accurate outcome prediction and identification of predictive biomarkers would represent a significant step towards this goal. Moreover, in early phase vaccine clinical trials, small datasets are prevalent, raising the need and challenge of building a robust and explainable prediction model that can reveal heterogeneity in small datasets. We propose a new model named Generative Mixture of Logistic Regression (GeM-LR), which combines characteristics of both a generative and a discriminative model. In addition, we propose a set of model selection strategies to enhance the robustness and interpretability of the model. GeM-LR extends a linear classifier to a non-linear classifier without losing interpretability and empowers the notion of predictive clustering for characterizing data heterogeneity in connection with the outcome variable. We demonstrate the strengths and utility of GeM-LR by applying it to data from several studies. GeM-LR achieves better prediction results than other popular methods while providing interpretations at different levels.
Evaluation of the measurement properties of intimate partner violence screening instruments for the general population: A COSMIN-based international systematic review
Authors: Li Yanjia , Wang Guiyun , Chen Jiarui , Xia Qing , Chen Keyi , Ou Suqi , Tang Siyuan
Published: November 2024

Aim

To systematically appraise, compare, and summarize the measurement properties of intimate partner violence screening instruments for the general population and provide recommendations.

Methods

We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global and EBSCO Psychology Behavioral Sciences Collection from their establishment to March 2024 using systematic search strategies. The methodological quality of the instruments that met the inclusion criteria and their measurement properties were assessed using the COSMIN methodology, and the COSMIN recommendations were followed. We reported this study using PRISMA 2020 checklist.

Results

A total of 23 studies were eventually included, and 18 instruments were identified. The evaluation of the methodological quality indicates poor content validity but good structural validity; however, that of the criterion validity in most of the studies was inadequate. Measurement error and responsiveness were not assessed. Four screening instruments could be used in the interim. The remaining 14 instruments were not recommended for use.

Conclusions

The overall methodological quality of most of the assessed instruments was insufficient. A rigorous intimate partner violence screening instrument with good measurement properties is urgently required to identify and screen for intimate partner violence in the general population.

PROSPERO number

CRD42022365247.
Can acoustic measurements predict gender perception in the voice?
Authors: da Cruz Martinho Diego Henrique , Lopes Leonardo Wanderley , Dornelas Rodrigo , Constantini Ana Carolina
Published: November 2024

Purpose

To determine if there is an association between vocal gender presentation and the gender and context of the listener.

Method

Quantitative and transversal study. 47 speakers of Brazilian Portuguese of different genders were recorded. Recordings included sustained vowel emission, connected speech, and the expressive recital of a poem. Subsequently, four scripts were used in Praat to extract 16 acoustic measurements related to prosody. Voices underwent Auditory-Perceptual Assessment (APA) of the gender presentation by 236 people [65 speech and language pathologist (SLP) with experience in the area of the voice (SLP), 101 cisgender people (CG), and 70 transgender and non-binary people (TNB)]. Gender presentation was evaluated by visual analogue scale. Agreement analyses were executed among quantitative variables and multiple linear regression models were generated to predict APA, taking the judge context/gender and speaker gender into consideration.

Results

Acoustic analysis revealed that cis and transgender women had higher median fundamental frequency (fo) values than other genders. Cisgender women exhibited greater breathiness, while cisgender men showed more vocal quality deviations. In terms of APA, significant differences were observed among judge groups: SLP judged vowel samples differently from other groups, and TNB judged speech samples differently (both p<0.001). The predictive measures for the APA varied based on the sample type, speaker gender, and judge group. For vowel samples, only SLP judges had predictive measures (fo and ABI Jitter) for cisgender speakers. In number counting samples, predictive measures for cisgender speakers included fomed and HNR for CG judges, and fomed for both SLP and TNB judges. For transgender and non-binary speakers, predictive measures were fomed for CG and SLP judges, and fomed, CPPs, and ABI for TNB judges. In the poem recital task, predictive measures for cisgender speakers were fomed and HNR for both SLP and CG judges, with additional measures of cvint and sr for CG judges, and fomed, HNR, cvint, and fopeakwidth for TNB judges. For transgender and non-binary speakers, the predictive measures included a wider range of acoustic features such as fomed, fosd, sr, fomin, emph, HNR, Shimmer, and fo peakwidth for SLP judges, and fomed, fosd, sr, fomax, emph, HNR, and Shimmer for CG judges, while TNB judges considered fomed, sr, emph, fosd, Shimmer, HNR, Jitter, and fomax.

Conclusions

There is an association between the perception of gender presentation in the voice and the gender or context of the listener and the speaker. Transgender and non-binary judges diverged to a higher degree from cisgender and SLP judges. Compared to the evaluation of cisgender speakers, all judge groups used a greater number of acoustic measurements when analyzing the speech of transgender and non-binary individuals in the poem recital samples.
Urban tick exposure on Staten Island is higher in pet owners
Authors: Tamari Noriko , Ernst Kacey C. , Enriquez Aaron J. , Diuk-Wasser Maria A. , Fernandez Maria P. , Berry Kevin , Hayden Mary H.
Published: November 2024

Over the past decade, Lyme and other tick-borne diseases have expanded into urban areas, including Staten Island, New York. While Lyme disease is often researched with a focus on human risk, domestic pets are also at risk of contracting the disease. The present study aims to describe differences in tick exposure, knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) between pet owners and non-owners, and to understand preventive strategies practiced by pet owners for themselves and their pets. We conducted KAP surveys via phone in 2020 and via face-to-face interviews in 2021, and we analyzed unique responses from 364 households on Staten Island. Pet owners were more likely to have ever found a tick on themselves or their household members (63%) than non-owners (46%) (p<0.001). Among pet owners, those who owned dogs (dog-only or both dog and cat owners) were more likely to have ever found a tick on their pets than cat-only owners (p<0.001). Compared with non-pet owners, pet owners were more likely both to know that ticks transmit Lyme disease (p<0.001) and to avoid gardening to reduce their tick exposure (p = 0.032), but they were less likely to wear protective clothing or adjust clothing (p = 0.013). Compared with cat owners who had never found a tick on their cats, cat owners who had ever found a tick on their cats were more likely to let their cats go outside (p<0.001). However, reported preventive measures on cats did not differ between pet owners who did and did not report tick exposure. The results indicate that encouraging pet owners to engage in preventative measures, both to protect themselves and their pets, is a potential avenue for healthcare providers and veterinarians to reduce risks from ticks.
Training secondary school students as anti-smoke ambassadors using the service-learning model: A cluster randomized controlled trial with hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation design study protocol
Authors: Lam Katherine Ka Wai , Ho Ka Yan , Leung Doris Yin Ping , Wong Arkers Kwan Ching , Wu Cynthia Sau Ting , Liu Charlotte Qi , Mao Ting , Mak Yim Wah
Published: November 2024

Background

Evidence shows that using the AWARD (Ask, Warn, Advise, Refer, Do-it-again) model with service-learning model in youngsters may be an appropriate strategy to refer young smokers for early smoking cessation services. Therefore this study aims to promote smoking cessation by training secondary school students as anti-smoke ambassadors (ASAs) with increased knowledge, skills and self-efficacy on smoking cessation and AWARD model using service-learning model.

Methods

A cluster randomized controlled trial will be conducted in 14 secondary schools in Hong Kong. Also, a hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation design with the Reach Effectiveness Adoption Implementation Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework will be adopted. For the intervention group, participants (n = 184) will attend a 3-hour training workshop, followed by hands-on sessions supervised by trained nursing students, then a 6-month smoker referral competition and an award presentation ceremony. The control group (n = 184) will only attend the 3-hour training workshop. The research assistant will contact participants at the start and the end of training program, and at 3, 6, and 12 months after the end of the training program by telephone to complete a set of questionnaires. Participating secondary schools, participating nursing students, ASAs, and responsible organizational staff will be randomly invited for a one-to-one semi-structured interview. The primary outcome will be the number of smokers who referred by secondary school students. Descriptive statistics, mixed between-within-subjects ANOVA, logistic regressions, and content analysis will be used.

Discussion

This study will bridge the gap in existing literature by determining the effectiveness and exploring facilitators and barriers in implementing our intervention with the use of the AWARD model and service-learning model in training young people to refer smokers to anti-smoke organizations in the real-world. This can enhance our community capacity and enable youngsters to take a proactive role to support smoking cessation.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05897346. Registered on 11 May 2023.
Dynamin independent endocytosis is an alternative cell entry mechanism for multiple animal viruses
Authors: Ojha Ravi , Jiang Anmin , Mäntylä Elina , Quirin Tania , Modhira Naphak , Witte Robert , Gaudin Arnaud , De Zanetti Lisa , Gormal Rachel Sarah , Vihinen-Ranta Maija , Mercer Jason , Suomalainen Maarit , Greber Urs F. , Yamauchi Yohei , Lozach Pierre-Yves , Helenius Ari , Vapalahti Olli , Young Paul , Watterson Daniel , Meunier Frédéric A. , Joensuu Merja , Balistreri Giuseppe
Published: November 2024

Mammalian receptor-mediated endocytosis (RME) often involves at least one of three isoforms of the large GTPase dynamin (Dyn). Dyn pinches-off vesicles at the plasma membrane and mediates uptake of many viruses, although some viruses directly penetrate the plasma membrane. RME is classically interrogated by genetic and pharmacological interference, but this has been hampered by undesired effects. Here we studied virus entry in conditional genetic knock-out (KO) mouse embryonic fibroblasts lacking expression of all three dynamin isoforms (Dyn-KO-MEFs). The small canine parvovirus known to use a single receptor, transferrin receptor, strictly depended on dynamin. Larger viruses or viruses known to use multiple receptors, including alphaviruses, influenza, vesicular stomatitis, bunya, adeno, vaccinia, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and rhinoviruses infected Dyn-KO-MEFs, albeit at higher dosage than wild-type MEFs. In absence of the transmembrane protease serine subtype 2 (TMPRSS2), which normally activates the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein for plasma membrane fusion, SARS-CoV-2 infected angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)-expressing MEFs predominantly through dynamin- and actin-dependent endocytosis. In presence of TMPRSS2 the ancestral Wuhan-strain bypassed both dynamin-dependent and -independent endocytosis, and was less sensitive to endosome maturation inhibitors than the Omicron B1 and XBB variants, supporting the notion that the Omicron variants do not efficiently use TMPRSS2. Collectively, our study suggests that dynamin function at endocytic pits can be essential for infection with single-receptor viruses, while it is not essential but increases uptake and infection efficiency of multi-receptor viruses that otherwise rely on a functional actin network for infection.
Predictors of Outcomes After Gastric Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy for Refractory Gastroparesis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Varghese Chris , Lim Alexandria , Daker Charlotte , Sebaratnam Gabrielle , Gharibans Armen A. , Andrews Christopher N. , Hasler William L. , O'Grady Greg ,   on behalf of the BSM Consortium and GPOEM-GEMS Study Group*
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Gastroparesis is a debilitating gastroduodenal disorder for which gastric peroral endoscopic myotomy (GPOEM) has emerged as an efficacious treatment option. However, response to GPOEM varies between 50% and 80%, such that preoperative predictors of treatment success are needed to guide patient selection.

METHODS:

We performed a systematic review to identify predictors of clinical and functional response to GPOEM among adult patients with gastroparesis (PROSPERO: CRD42023457359). MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL databases were searched systematically for studies reporting outcomes after GPOEM in September 2023. A narrative synthesis of predictive factors on univariable and multivariable analysis was performed with consideration of response rates through meta-analysis and evaluation of discrimination if prognostic models were developed. Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies - of Exposures (ROBINS-E) was used for risk of bias assessment.

RESULTS:

Of 1899 articles reviewed, 30 were included. The GPOEM response rate was 63.1% (95% confidence interval 56.3%–69.5%) with most studies defining clinical success on the basis of improvement in gastroparesis cardinal symptom index (87%, 26/30). Older age, shorter duration of gastroparesis, nondiabetic etiology, lower body mass index, and response to intrapyloric botulinum toxin were associated with positive response to GPOEM on multivariable analyses. Predictors on physiological tests such as EndoFLIP or gastric emptying scintigraphy were inconsistent. No prognostic models underwent external validation.

DISCUSSION:

Currently, there are limited reproducible predictors of response to GPOEM among patients with refractory gastroparesis. Robust prospective studies investigating scalable, reproducible, and actionable biomarkers of treatment response are required.
Representation, responsibility and legacy: a comparative analysis of how colonial history is narrated in Bolivian social science textbooks, pre- and post-070 Educational Reform
Authors: Choque Apaza Juliana , Robinson Natasha
Published: November 2024

This research offers a comparative analysis of how colonial history is narrated in Bolivian textbooks, before and after the 070 Educational Reform. The 070 Educational Reform, introduced in 2010, aimed to decolonize, depatriarchalise and reaffirm Indigenous and Afrobolivian identities. Three specific features of colonial narratives were analysed: ‘identity representation’ (the specific description of different groups of people within the narrative); ‘responsibility’ (the association between individuals and their actions); and ‘contemporary legacies’ (the causal relationship between the past and present). Text and images from six textbooks pre-070 Reform and five textbooks post-070 Reform were examined through sociocognitive critical discourse analysis (text) and multimodal critical analysis (images). Findings from this study indicate that textbooks have made partial adjustments post-070 Reform. ‘Identity representation’ showed the most progressive change. ‘Responsibility’, on the other hand, continues to omit the accountability of the Spanish and the Catholic Church for colonial abuses. Textbooks only briefly discuss colonial legacies, and characterise these legacies as positive. This research contributes not only to research on colonial narrations in school textbooks, but also on the educational impact of decolonizing reforms. It provides suggestions for publishing houses and the Bolivian government to improve the impact of the 070 Reform in textbooks.
A Review on the Effect of Ultrasonic-Assisted Curing on the Quality of Meat Products
Authors: Hu Yongzheng , Asavasanti Suvaluk , Klinjapo Roungdao , Chaisayan Watanya , Yasurin Patchanee , Wisuthiphaet Nicharee , Shen Qiuxia
Published: November 2024

Meat products can deteriorate during storage posing a threat to human health due to the action of microorganisms and enzymes. Curing is widely used as a preservation method that can extend shelf life, improve product quality, and impart flavor. In industrial production, business operators seek to enhance the curing efficiency of their products, while consumers expect stable product quality. These demands have prompted the exploration of efficient solutions for curing. Ultrasound technology has attracted widespread attention as a new nonthermal food processing technology due to its potential for reducing processing time, improving meat product quality, and lowering costs. Numerous studies have shown that ultrasound treatment can effectively enhance curing efficiency and improve meat product quality through cavitation effects, mechanical effects, and thermal effects. The basic principles of ultrasound technology and the impacts and mechanisms of ultrasound-assisted curing techniques on curing efficiency and quality in meat products are discussed. This review aims to provide a valuable theoretical foundation for the application of ultrasound technology to address the health risks and costs caused by slow curing efficiency and unstable product quality.
Usia, Kebersyukuran, dan Subjective Well-Being pada Guru Taman Kanak-Kanak
Authors: Wahidah Fatin Rohmah Nur , Oktaviana Fannisa Dwi , Sulthani Rifki Hanif , Permadi Iman
Published: November 2024

Kindergarten teachers subjective well-being is considered essential for teaching and learning success. This study aims to determine the effect of gratitude on the subjective well-being of kindergarten teachers, which is moderated by age. The quantitative approach is used in this study, with the number of respondents 72 Aisyiyah Kindergarten teachers in Purwokerto. The instruments used are the subjective well-being scale modified from the SWLS and SPANE scales by Diener et al. (2009) with Cronbach’s ⍺ = 0,839 (15 items), the gratitude scale modified from the GRAT scale by Watkins, Woodward, Stone, and Kolts (2003) with Cronbach’s ⍺ = 0,901 (32 items), and also age demographic data. Multiple regression analysis is used to determine the effect of the variables and their moderating effect, assisted by the Jamovi 1.8.4 software. The results of the study show that there is a significant effect of gratitude on the subjective well-being of kindergarten teachers. Age is also statistically and significantly proven to moderate the relationship. Age differences give different results towards kindergarten teachers' subjective well-being. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed in the discussion.
 
Subjective well-being pada guru taman kanak-kanak dianggap penting untuk keberhasilan dalam proses belajar mengajar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kebersyukuran terhadap subjective well-being pada guru TK yang dimoderatori oleh usia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, dengan jumlah responden 72 guru TK Aisyiyah di Purwokerto. Instrumen yangdigunakan adalah skala subjective well-being yang dimodifikasi dari skalaSWLS dan SPANE milik Diener et al (2009) dengan Cronbach ⍺ = 0,839 (15 aitem), skala kebersyukuran dimodifikasi dari skala GRAT milik Watkins, Woodward, Stone, dan Kolts (2003) dengan Cronbach ⍺ = 0,901 (32 aitem), serta data demografi usia. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu regresi berganda untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel dan efek moderasinya, dibantu dengan software Jamovi 1.8.4. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh signifikan kebersyukuran terhadap subjective well-being pada guru TK. Usia juga terbukti secara statistik dan signifikan dapat memoderasi hubungan tersebut. Adanya perbedaan usia, memberikan hasil yang berbedapula pengaruhnya terhadap subjective well-being guru. Implikasi teoritis dan praktis dari temuan ini dibahas dalam diskusi.
Co-management as an Ethical Space of Engagement: Prospects for Reconciliation in Vuntut National Park
Authors: Bruce Kai , Mulrennan Monica
Published: November 2024

Parks Canada’s commitments to reconciliation marks a significant shift in the governing paradigm of national parks, moving away from a colonial framework towards models that respect and elevate Indigenous forms of governance and knowledge systems. However, the extent to which a land claims–based co-management model, as the dominant mechanism of governance and engagement employed by Parks Canada, can serve as a vehicle for reconciliation is an open question. This paper endeavours to better understand the relational dynamics of co-management for their potential to advance reconciliation in national park settings. Using the lens of ethical space, we identify factors that either facilitate or impede relationship building between Vuntut Gwitchin First Nation and Parks Canada in the co-management of Vuntut National Park. Insights from semi-structured interviews conducted in 2021 with 11 community members and park managers indicate that an evolving-management relationship is sustained through extensive community engagement and Parks Canada’s support for strengthening community connections to the land. By adopting an ethical space framework for analysis, we were able to highlight different conditions and elements necessary for a protected-area co-management arrangement to serve as a solid foundation for reconciliation. Our analysis also revealed various structural impediments to the establishment of an ethical space conducive to reconciliation, particularly in the context of co-management arrangements based on land-claims agreements. These challenges included: discrepancies in approaches to protected-area management between Vuntut Gwitchin First Nation and Parks Canada, further complicated by the governance system employed by Parks Canada; issues of scale related to Parks Canada’s nested management structure, which affected relationship building between co-managers; financial constraints; and capacity constraints.
The Arctic Twittersphere and the Russian Invasion of Ukraine
Authors: Landriault Mathieu , Millette Alexandre , Renaud Julie
Published: November 2024

Social media use has grown in popularity in recent years, becoming a primary source of information for many. Several scholarly inquiries have analyzed how the Arctic region has been portrayed in traditional media. However, no study has comprehensively detailed how the region has been presented on social media. The objective of this article is to sketch the contours of the Arctic discussion on Twitter and to inquire whether significant geopolitical events impact the nature of the online discussion. Using tweets on Arctic issues published between January 2020 and August 2022, we assessed the timing, prevalence, and nature of messages about the circumpolar North. Overall, the Arctic conversation on Twitter is first and foremost an Arctic climate conversation, focusing on climate change, Arctic sea ice, and permafrost thawing. Climate issues are the most salient ones and are treated independently from other topics by online users. We assessed whether the Russian invasion of Ukraine changed this dominance. We found that the Arctic Twittersphere remained still predominantly focused on climate issues, although the invasion increased Arctic military security discussions dissociated from other diplomatic or natural-resources considerations.
Výlet do krajiny slov a hlásek – program na rozvíjení jazykových schopností podle Elkonina pro třídy mateřských škol metodická příručka
Authors: Lodlová Zdeňka
Published: November 2024

V současné době probíhá revize Rámcového vzdělávacího programu pro předškolní vzdělávání, která klade důraz na plynulý přechod dětí do základního vzdělávání. Předčtenářská gramotnost, jako klíčový předpoklad pro pozdější vzdělávání, je nezbytné rozvíjet již v mateřské škole, přičemž jejím základem je fonologické a fonematické uvědomování. Tato schopnost, která umožňuje dětem pochopit vztah mezi hláskami a slovy, je klíčová pro osvojování čtení a psaní. Na základě dlouhodobé praxe autorek pracujících s dětmi předškolního věku vznikla metodická příručka Výlet do krajiny slov a hlásek, která se zaměřuje na rozvíjení jazykových schopností u dětí mateřských škol podle metodiky Elkonina.
A finite element model for biomechanical characterization of ex vivo peripheral nerve dysfunction during stretch
Authors: Vasas Nicholas C. , Forrest Adam M. , Myers Nathaniel A. , Christensen Michael B. , Pierce Jenny L. , Kaufmann Sidney M. , Lanaghen Kimberly B. , Paniello Randal C. , Barkmeier‐Kraemer Julie M. , Vande Geest Jonathan P.
Published: November 2024

Peripheral nerve damage can cause debilitating symptoms ranging from numbness and pain to sensory loss and atrophy. To uncover the underlying mechanisms of peripheral nerve injury, our research aims to develop a relationship between biomechanical peripheral nerve damage and function through finite element modeling. A noncontact, ex vivo electrophysiology chamber, capable of axially stretching explanted nerves while recording electrical signals, was used to investigate peripheral nerve injury. Successive stretch trials were run on eight sciatic nerves (four females and four males) excised from Sprague–Dawley rats. Nerves were stretched until 50% compound action potential (CAP) amplitude reduction was obtained. A constitutive model developed by Raghavan and Vorp was suitable for rat sciatic nerves, with an average α and β of 0.183 MPa and 1.88 MPa, respectively. We then generated 95% confidence intervals for the stretch at which specific CAP amplitude reductions would occur, which compares well to previous studies. We also developed a finite element model that can predict stretch‐induced signaling deficits, applicable for complex nerve geometries and injuries. This relationship between nerve biomechanics and function can be expanded upon to create a clinical model for peripheral nerve dysfunction due to stretch.
Lexical Complexity in Corporate Communication: A Corpus-Based Study of Translated and Non-Translated Chairman’s Statements
Authors: Wang Zhongliang , Xu Han , Liu Kanglong
Published: November 2024

This study examines the lexical complexity of translated and non-translated chairman’s statements in corporate annual reports through a corpus-based analysis. Drawing on a comprehensive corpus of English chairman’s statements, including both English translations from Chinese and original English texts from the United States and Hong Kong, we analyze various dimensions of lexical complexity. Key measures include lexical diversity, such as the number of different words (NDW) and type-token ratio (TTR) variants, lexical density, and verb sophistication. The results present a nuanced view of lexical complexity in translated texts. Translated chairman’s statements show lower complexity across NDW-related metrics, Corrected TTR, Root TTR, Bi-logarithmic TTR, Uber index, lexical word variation, verb variation, noun variation, and adverb variation. However, they display higher complexity in lexical density and verb sophistication compared to non-translated statements. These findings suggest that while translation may simplify certain aspects of vocabulary use, it can also produce more information-dense texts with more sophisticated verb usage. This paradox challenges traditional views on translation universals and underscores the intricate nature of translated corporate communications.
SG pseudo-differential operators in Dunkl setting
Authors: Verma Randhir Kumar , Prasad Akhilesh
Published: November 2024

This study explores the

L
p

{L^{p}}

-boundedness and compactness characteristics of SG pseudo-differential operators within the Sobolev space framework. We analyze different attributes of minimal-maximal pseudo-differential operators using the SG symbol

σ
⁢

(
x
,
λ
)

{\sigma(x,\lambda)}

within the class

S

m
1

,

m
2

{S^{m_{1},m_{2}}}

, where

m
1

{m_{1}}

and

m
2

{m_{2}}

are real numbers. The investigation delves into various aspects of these operators, and we derive a weak solution for the SG pseudo-differential equation by employing the Dunkl transform as part of the aforementioned theoretical framework.
Climate Change Risks and Consequences on Growth and Debt-Sustainability in Africa
Authors: Asafu-Adjaye John , Ndung’u Njuguna , Shimeles Abebe
Published: November 2024

Average temperature in Africa has been rising steadily from the baseline of climatology prevailing during 1951–1980. The findings in this paper suggest that real GDP growth would start declining for annual temperature higher than 0.7 °C. About 45 African countries already registered annual temperature rise above 0.7 °C in 2020 underscoring the seriousness of climate change induced risks for long term growth. In addition, frequency of major natural disasters tends to exacerbate political instability and conflict. Combined, these shocks have a direct effect on the sustainability of debt. Using a simple debt dynamics framework, the paper shows that the debt-burden could increase 2.4 times due to climate change induced shocks. In addition, modelling results show that carbon pricing could be an effective way of helping to meet the Nationally Determined Contributions. However, carbon pricing would have negative impacts on energy-intensive industries and increase the prices of the goods and services they provide. There will also be job losses in these industries. The combined effect of these impacts could be reduction in GDP growth and real incomes. It is recommended that part of the revenues generated from the carbon tax could be used to address the negative impacts on vulnerable groups.
Assessing the need for improving tactics of surgical treatment in patients with elbow joint contractures (retrospective clinical study)
Authors: Petlenko Irina S. , Shubnyakov Igor I. , Fedunina Svetlana Yu. , Aliew Alimurad G. , Bilyk Stanislav S. , Ryabinin Mikhail V. , Zakhmatov Nikita S.
Published: November 2024

Objective: based on the analysis of the results of surgical treatment of patients with elbow contractures caused by ossification, assess the need to improve the planning and tactics of surgical interventions. Material and methods. According to the data of the primary medical documentation and a questionnaire, a retrospective analysis of the invasiveness of surgical intervention and the results of surgical treatment was performed, 406 patients of this category in the National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics n. a. R. R. Vreden in 2011-2021. Results. The development of late postoperative complications was characteristic of the overwhelming (about 80%) number of patients surveyed. The dominant (54.9%) complications were post-rehabilitation long-term pain and lack of movement in the operated joint. About 35% of patients rated the functional state of the operated elbow joint as satisfactory and poor. Approximately 30% of patients rated their general condition and quality of life below the average normal values. Conclusion. The existing technique of preoperative examination, planning and performing surgery for elbow contractures caused by ossification needs to be improved, since in about a third of patients it does not allow achieving stable results and does not provide a full volume of painless movements in the elbow joint in the medium and long-term observation periods.
Frequency and risk factors of early stent restenosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Starodubtseva Irina A. , Meshkova Maria A.
Published: November 2024

Objective: to evaluate the frequency and identify risk factors for the development of stent restenosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty Material and methods. Retrospective analysis of 665 case histories of patients with acute coronary syndrome who were hospitalized from January to November 2023 was performed at the 1st stage of the study. At the second stage we analyzed the risk factors of in-stent restenosis development based on clinical and laboratory data in the compared groups of patients: group 1 (n=62) and group 2 (n=55). Results. Stent restenosis was detected in 62 patients out of 665 (9.3%). The risk of in-stent restenosis was significantly influenced by concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus (OR 1.6 (1.2-2.3); p=0.007), IBS duration of more than 10 months (OR 2.24 (1.7-3.0); p=0.001) and stenting with a holometallic stent (OR 1.8 (0.9-3.4); p=0.049). Conclusion. The incidence of stent restenosis after stenting for ACS is 9.3%. Concomitant diabetes mellitus and duration of the underlying disease of 10 months are risk factors for early restenosis.
Diagnostic value of dermatoscopy in psoriasis of the nail plates (review)
Authors: Ardalina Oksana O. , Grebennikova Inna P. , Epifanova Ann Yu. , Morrison Anna V. , Yeremina Maria G.
Published: November 2024

Objective: can dermatoscopy serve as the "gold standard" for the diagnosis of nail plate psoriasis, eliminating the need for histopathological examination for the final diagnosis of nail psoriasis. Methodology for writing a review. A literature search was conducted using Medline, PubMed, and eLibrary databases for all years to date. Search terms included words and phrases such as "psoriasis", "nail psoriasis dermatoscopy", and "nail plate dermatoscopy". The number of sources considered is 35. A total of 16 studies from 2010 to 2022 were critically assessed. Conclusion. Nail psoriasis is characterized by many specific dermatoscopic features. In this regard, dermatoscopy, which allows diagnosing psoriatic onychodystrophies, is an effective method for studying the specific lesion of the nail plates to clarify the diagnosis of nail psoriasis.
ВОДОРОСЛИ ОЗЕРА НОГААН-ХОЛЬ (ТЫВА, РОССИЯ)
Authors: Ю.В. НАУМЕНКО , Ч.Д. НАЗЫН
Published: November 2024

Впервые приводятся сведения об альгофлоре озера Ногаан-Холь, расположенного в Тодженской котловине Республики Тыва. Приведен список водорослей, включающий 218 видов, разновидностей и форм, относящихся к 94 родам, 52 семействам и 8 отделам. Основу альгофлоры составляют диатомовые и синезеленые водоросли. Выявлено 13 доминантов, относящихся к родам: Cyclotella, Ulnaria, Dinobryon, Fragilaria, Oscillatoria, Epithemia. Проведен эколого-географический анализ, согласно которому альгофлора представлена бентосными видами с преобладанием индифферентных форм по отношению к галобности и активной реакции среды. В исследованном озере выявлено 152 сапробионта. В географическом отношении господствовали космополиты и бореальные виды.

For the first time, an algological study of Lake Nogaan-Khol, located in the Todzha basin of the Republic of Tyva, was carried out. The results of phytoplankton, phytobenthos and fouling are presented. A comprehensive study and identification of species composition is relevant not only from the point of view of biodiversity inventory, but for the most efficient use and protection of water bodies. 218 species, varieties and forms of algae were identified in the reservoir, belonging to 94 genera, 52 families and 8 divisions: Cyanoprokaryota (33), Bacillariophyta (124), Chrysophyta (1), Dinophyta (3), Xanthophyta (1), Euglenophyta (2), Chlorophyta (24), Charophyta (30). To assess the role of individual taxa, the frequency of occurrence was calculated. 4 groups were distinguished - especially active (with a frequency of occurrence over 75 %), highly active (74-45 %), inactive (44-15 %) and inactive (less than 15 %). The dominant complex is represented by a small set of species. Fouling groups on various substrates and benthic communities are considered. An ecogeographical analysis was carried out, according to which the algoflora is represented by benthic (33.9 %) and periphytonic (25.2 %) species, with a predominance of indifferent (70.2 %) forms in relation to the halicity and active reaction of the environment (48.2 %). In the studied lake, 152 species-indicators of saprobity were identified. Marked indicators of all zones of saprobity, except for polysaprobic. Inhabitants of very clean (x - xenosaprobe) and highly saprobic (a - mesosaprobe) waters are represented by a small number of taxa - 5 and 6, respectively. Geographically, cosmopolitans (54.1 %) and boreal (26.6 %) species dominated. The purpose of the study was to determine the species composition and ecological state of the waters of the Nogaan-Khol lake.
Pragmatic Aspects of Conceptual Metaphor Theory (with Regard to Political Metaphors in the Texts of the Polish Press)
Authors: Kiklewicz Aleksander , Prusak Marcin
Published: November 2024

The subject of the article is pragmatic communicational aspects of conceptual metaphor theory. The article proposes a critical view of the standard version of the theory known as Lakoff and Johnson's because it does not consider the schematicity of metaphorical expressions and the dependence of metaphorical mappings on the conditions of communicational situation. The article analyses pragmatic functions of metaphorical expressions (heuristic, illustrative, didactic) and functioning of conceptual metaphors in the Polish press (referring to the weekly "Wprost").
Literary Theory of Cinema. Translated and commented by Natalija Arlauskaitė
Authors: Tynianovas Jurijus , Arlauskaitė Natalija
Published: November 2024

Šiame žurnalo numeryje redkolegija nutarė paskelbti keletą Jurijaus Tynianovo straipsnių apie kinematografą vertimų iš rusų į lietuvių kalbą. J. Tynianovas - įžymus rusų "formaliosios" mokyklos atstovas, kritikas, literatūrologas, kino dramaturgas, jo kūryba padarė didelę įtaką pasaulio humanitariniams mokslams. Pateikta medžiaga ne visai atitinka vertimo "žanrą ", nes jis papildytas išsamiais komentarais ir Tynianovo kūrybos apmąstymais. Nežiūrint į tai, kad vertimo medžiaga nesunkiai prieinama, ši publikacija gali būti naudinga pirmiausia jauniesiems Lietuvos mokslininkams, kurie dažnai labai domisi tarpdalykiniais tyrimais ir kuriems tekstai rusų kalba gali būti sunkokai "įkandami".Vertė, įžanginį straipsnį ir komentarus parašė Natalija Arlauskaitė.
Neck mass in a young adult – an atypical case of lymphoma solved with surgery
Authors: Caneira Tiago , Jardim Ana , Montalvão Pedro , Subtil João , Saraiva José
Published: November 2024

Nodular lymphocyte-predominant lymphoblast (LHNPL) is an uncommon subtype of Hodgkin's lymphoma (LH). Compared to other kinds of LH, it is more confined and indolent. We aim to raise awareness about lymphoma as a potential cause of cervical masses in young people by presenting this clinical case, which is an unusual instance of LHNPL that was cured with excisional biopsy. A literature review and a descriptive and retrospective clinical case study were performed. We discuss the case of a 23-year-old who has had a left submaxillary adenopathy for nearly 7 years, with inconsistent behavior. We performed three fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and found changes indicative of reactive ganglia. The final diagnosis of LHNPL was obtained using excisional biopsy. Because the patient had no signs of systemic and local involvement, it was decided not to do additional therapy, with no complaints at almost 5-year follow-up. In the differential diagnosis of cervical malignancies in young adults, lymphoma must be taken into account. In this case, both the diagnosis and treatment were surgical. We alert to LHNPL because the typical clinical presentation is cervical lymphadenopathy (100%), with no additional signs or symptoms in most patients.
Proposal of proximal gastric plication as a simple technique to prevent gastroesophageal reflux disease after sleeve gastrectomy
Authors: Weber-Sánchez Alejandro , Alvarez Pablo Weber , Garteiz-Martinez Denzil
Published: November 2024

Proximal gastric plication is a simple technique that has been employed by the authors to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in patients who have developed symptoms after being subject to sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Because of the favorable results observed in these cases, it is now proposed that this procedure be performed initially, in all patients who undergo sleeve gastrectomy, to avoid de novo GERD. The technique is described in this article.