bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cooperative Heart Disease Trials
Authors: Geller Nancy L. , Friedman Lawrence M.
Published: July 2005

This review of multicenter trials in heart disease sponsored by the United States National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute illustrates some design and biostatistical advances that selected trials have developed or used effectively to answer important public health questions. Many of the design, organizational characteristics and methods for monitoring modern clinical trials were implemented as a result of the Greenberg Report completed in 1967 and were first used in the Coronary Drug Project during the 1960s. While more recent studies employed more efficient organizations, newer designs, and newer monitoring guidelines, the genesis of multicenter clinical trial practice in heart disease was outlined in the 1960s and that early structure has endured the test of time.
Cornfield, Jerome
Authors: Greenhouse Samuel W. , Greenhouse Joel B.
Published: July 2005

Born in 1912 in New York City; died in 1979 in Herndon, VA. Best known for helping develop Cornfield's inequality linking the observed risk ratio to the prevalence of the omitted variable in smoking and nonsmoking groups.
F
isher Lectures
Authors: Altman Douglas G.
Published: July 2005

The major statistical legacy of R.A. Fisher is marked by three series of lectures: in North America, in the United Kingdom, and in Australia. The lecturers are listed here.
Galton,Francis
Authors: Edwards A. W. F.
Published: July 2005

Born 1822; died 1911. Galton was the founder of biometry, and the origins of many statistical methods can be seen in his pioneering efforts, for example branching processes, the normal probability distribution, and regression. He was particularly interested in heredity, and wrote also on eugenics.
G
reenhouse,
S
amuel
W
Authors: Greenhouse Joel B. , Lachin John M.
Published: July 2005

Samuel W. Greenhouse helped pioneer the use of statistical methods in epidemiological research and was influential in the early development of the theory and practice of clinical trials.

As one of the founding statisticians at the National Institutes of Health, he helped create the current infrastructure that supports biostatistical research and service at the NIH.
H
aenszel,
W
illiam
M
.
Authors: Levy Paul S.
Published: July 2005

Born 1910; died 1998. Although William M. Haenszel is probably best known as the name to the right of the hyphen on the Mantel–Haenszel test and Mantel–Haenszel odds ratio, he made other equally important contributions throughout a very long and productive career as a biostatistician and epidemiologist. Of particular importance was his leadership in establishing and maintaining the population‐based cancer registry known as
SEER
(for
S
urveillance
E
pidemiology and
E
nd
R
esults); his comparative studies of cancer occurrence in foreign‐born and native‐born Japanese Americans; and his use and advocacy of biomarkers and pathological findings in studies of cancer etiology, especially those involving gastric and large bowel cancer. His work from the 1950s to 1970s at the National Cancer Institute was at the cutting edge of chronic disease epidemiology, and greatly enriched that field both substantively and methodologically.
Health Statistics, History of
Authors: Feinleib Manning
Published: July 2005

Early work in demography and vital statistics in the seventeenth century was influenced both by the development of probability in relation to gambling problems and by the analysis of astronomic data. The work of Graunt and Petty is described, as is the later work of Pinel and Louis in clinical statistics. In nineteenth century England, Farr's work on classification and registration of vital events was important, and similar developments took place in the United States, where extensive health surveys were established.
H
otelling,
H
arold
Authors: Gehan Edmund A.
Published: July 2005

Harold Hotelling was born on September 29, 1895, in Fulda, Minnesota and died on December 26, 1973, in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. He was responsible for much original theoretical work in both statistics and mathematical economics and did much to advance the teaching of statistics at US universities, including Columbia and the University of North Carolina. Hotelling's undergraduate degree was a B.A. in journalism from the University of Washington in 1919, but his mathematical talent was recognized and encouraged by Eric T. Bell. Hotelling received an M.S. degree in Mathematics at the University of Washington in 1921 and a Doctorate of Philosophy at Princeton University in 1924, with a dissertation in the field of topology.
K
endall,
M
aurice
G
eorge
Authors: Altman Douglas G.
Published: July 2005

Kendall (1907–1983) worked for the British Chamber of Shipping, then joined the London School of Economics, later directing a computer consultancy company, and then the World Fertility Survey. He revised Yule's classic textbook, then wrote the first comprehensive and advanced book on statistics. Many other books followed, as he did research in many areas including rank correlation, time series, and sample surveys.
Kolmogorov, Andrey Nikolayevich
Authors: Suhov Yurii
Published: July 2005

Kolmogorov (1903–1987), who worked in the Moscow State University, was one of the greatest mathematicians of the twentieth century. In probability theory, which was merely one of his fields of study, he introduced axioms and clarified various basic concepts. In statistics, he introduced the Kolmogorov–Smirnov statistic for testing goodness of fit, and worked on problems in estimation theory. His work in population genetics involved stochastic processes.
L
aplace,
P
ierre–
S
imon
Authors: Armitage Peter
Published: July 2005

One of the most influential of all scientists, Laplace worked prolifically in many branches of mathematics, including probability and statistics. His early work was Bayesian, as in the use of a beta prior for binary data. Other topics include generating functions, characteristic functions, the Laplace transform, the central limit theorem, and many results in least squares.
M
ahalanobis,
P
rasanta
C
handra
Authors: Ghosh J. K. , Majumder Partha P.
Published: July 2005

Mahalanobis (1893–1972) became involved with the analysis of anthropologic data in the 1920s and developed his measure of generalized distance in 1930. In the Indian Statistical Institute, he made important theoretical and practical contributions to sample surveys and became Chairman of the United Nations Sub‐Commission on Statistical Sampling.
M
althus,
T
homas
R
obert
Authors: Armitage Peter
Published: July 2005

Malthus (1766–1834) is noted for the essay on population (1798) arguing that a population would tend to increase geometrically, whereas its means of subsistence would increase only linearly. He was a founder member of the Statistical Society of London (later Royal Statistical Society).
Medical Ethics and Statistics
Authors: Hutton J. L.
Published: July 2005

Ethical choice and behavior in health care practice and research require an understanding of uncertainty and the contribution that can be made by statistical methods. Various criteria for judging what is “best” are discussed in relation to routine medical practice, the perception of “normality”, screening for disease, epidemiologic research, and the communication of uncertainty. Attention is given to the ethics of medical research in developing countries, informed and uninformed consent, and cluster randomized trials. Guidelines provided by various national and international organizations are described.
Medico–Legal Cases and Statistics
Authors: Gastwirth Joseph L.
Published: July 2005

Medico‐legal statistics concerns the use of data from animal studies, case–control and cohort studies and clinical trials in the context of the legal and regulatory system. Statistical findings are submitted to courts and governmental agencies to demonstrate that a new drug is safe and efficacious; exposure to a chemical in the workplace is harmful or not as well as in product liability cases. The validity of clinical findings that are used in advertisements claiming a product is superior to a competitor's or in support of a patent are subject to legal challenge. Recently, the adequacy of the information provided to patients who participate in clinical trials and similar studies has become an issue. This aspect of trials is especially important when the main investigators or the University have a financial interest in the outcome either through stock ownership or options or a royalty agreement.
Poisson,Siméon–Denis
Authors: Seneta E.
Published: July 2005

The Poisson distribution is named after him; he derived it as the limit of a negative binomial. The use of the notion of random variable, of cumulative distribution function, and of the density as its derivative, may be due to him. He considered the Cauchy distribution some 20 years before Cauchy.

His monograph of 1837 on probabilities and their applications is historically only second in importance to Laplace's of 1812.
Royal Statistical Society
Authors: Spiegelhalter David J. , Goddard Ivor J.
Published: July 2005

The Society was founded in 1834, initially as the Statistical Society of London. During the nineteenth century, it was concerned mainly with the compilation of statistical information relating to social conditions. Discussions of statistical methodology were gradually introduced, and by the middle of the twentieth century they played a major role in the Society's program. Specialist sections dealing with areas of application were formed, including a Medical Section. In 1993, the Society merged with the Institute of Statisticians, thereby assuming more responsibility for professional affairs. The Society'sJournal,in three parts, continues to publish theoretical and applied research, and in 2004, a new magazine,Significance, was launched, marking the Society's continuing concern with outreach. The Society currently has over 6000 members.
Scientific Method and Statistics
Authors: Hand David J.
Published: July 2005

Statistics is the science of extracting information from data. As such, the methods of statistics are intimately interwoven with ideas of scientific method to formulate scientific explanations of natural phenomena; that is, with ideas of how science progresses and of scientific method. Examples of such common features are the notions of descriptive summaries of data, of experimentation, of model selection and formulation, and of inference from samples of observations.
Statistical Review for Medical Journals
Authors: Ware James H.
Published: July 2005

Medical journals increasingly use statistical consultants to review statistical aspects of submitted papers. The article discusses the issues that arise in the reviewing process, with particular reference to articles reporting randomized trials or epidemiological studies.
Expert Witness, Statistician as
Authors: Meier Paul
Published: July 2005

The practice of inferential statistics in the courts, although quite modest before 1975, was given a burst of enthusiasm when the Supreme Court began to deal with the Civil Rights Act. The SC needed some kind of inference procedures to assess whether, say, the difference in hire rates between two groups was the usual play of chance, or did that fact evince enthusiasm for hiring one group of applicants in preference to another. They chose of course, the usual statistical inference procedures.
W
ilcoxon,
F
rank
Authors: Gehan Edmund A.
Published: July 2005

Frank Wilcoxon was born on September 2, 1892, in County Cork, Ireland and died on November 18, 1965, in Tallahassee, Florida. He is best known in statistics for his fundamental work on ranking methods, but he was also an excellent chemist and made research contributions to physical chemistry, biochemistry, plant pathology, and entomology. Also, Frank Wilcoxon was an outstanding human being, with an enthusiasm for understanding the world and communicating his excitement to all around him.
Y
ates, Frank
Authors: Healy M. J. R.
Published: July 2005

Frank Yates spent almost all his working life in agricultural research at Rothamsted Experimental Station where he succeeded R. A. Fisher as head of a Statistics Department which at one point included twenty professional statisticians. He was a pioneer in three separate fields, experimental design, sample surveys, and statistical computation, to all of which he made fundamental contributions. He also worked in operational research and published two important papers on the analysis of two‐by‐two tables.
Instrumental Variables in Health Services Research
Authors: Newhouse Joseph P.
Published: July 2005

Instrumental variable (IV) estimators provide consistent estimates of regression coefficients if an explanatory variable or variables are correlated with the error term. They require a variable or variables that do not explain variation in the dependent variable directly but are correlated with those explanatory variables that are correlated with the error term. Although developed for applications in economics, they have recently become popular in health services research.
Periodic Pattern Formation of Intermetallic Phases with Long Range Order by Laser Interference Metallurgy
Authors: Lasagni A. , Holzapfel C. , Mücklich F.
Published: July 2005

Laser Interference Metallurgy is a newly developed method which allows the creation of periodic patterns with a well defined long‐range order on metallic surfaces. This article provides three fundamental aspects to understand the surface structuring process: the formation of complex periodical structures in metallic thin films by using three laser beams with variable intensities; the structuring of bi‐layered metallic films, and the possibility of the formation of periodical intermetallic structures.
Alumina/Alumina and Alumina‐Zirconia/Alumina‐Zirconia Joints Through Glass Interlayers, Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Residual Stresses
Authors: Faga M. G. , Guicciardi S. , Esposito L. , Bellosi A. , Pezzotti G.
Published: July 2005

As alternative to traditional joining methods, Ca‐Al silicate glasses were used to self‐bond alumina and alumina‐zirconia ceramics under different processing conditions. Microstructures, mechanical properties and residual stress studies have shown glassy interlayer characteristics to be correlated with the chemistry of the starting glasses and of the ceramics.
Nanotechnological Aspects in Materials for Hydrogen Storage
Authors: Fichtner M.
Published: July 2005

A nanotechnological app#roach aims at making tailor‐made developments for storage materials by combining different scientific disciplines and focussing on processes on the microscale. The approach has already been successful in achieving major advances in the field of novel solid materials for hydrogen storage. However, further breakthroughs are necessary to reach the goal of storage systems for fuel cell‐driven, mobile applications.
Inside Front Cover: Self‐Assembly and Magnetism of Mn12 Nanomagnets on Native and Functionalized Gold Surfaces (Adv. Mater. 13/2005)
Authors: Naitabdi A. , Bucher J.‐P. , Gerbier Ph. , Rabu P. , Drillon M.
Published: July 2005

Single molecule magnets (SMMs) are likely to find applications as elementary units in data storage and spin electronics. The deterministic organization of SMMs on a surface is a prerequisite for their individual addressing with a scanning probe tip. On p. 1612, Bucher and co‐workers present a molecular‐scale STM study of the successive self‐assembling steps of Mn12L on a Au(111) surface, as illustrated on the inside cover. The molecules in the monolayer keep their magnetism, as observed by SQUID magnetometry, although the broadening of quantum effects compared to the bulk material refers to a distribution of molecular environment.
Dynamics of Population and Scumming on a Full‐scale Wastewater Treatment Plant in Switzerland
Authors: Hug Thomas , Ziranke Mandy , Siegrist Hansruedi
Published: July 2005

The formation of stable scum (activated sludge foaming) is a serious operational problem in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) all over the world. Although scumming seems to be related to high numbers of “Microthrix parvicellaμ” and nocardioform actinomycetes, it is still unknown whether these organisms are necessary and sufficient for the formation of stable scum. To tackle this question, the abundance of these organisms and the scum coverage of the activated sludge basins were measured on a WWTP in Switzerland for almost two years. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization we were able to recognize “M. parvicella” as well as filamentous and non‐filamentous types of nocardioform actinomycetes. A newly developed rapid quantification method allowed us to measure seasonal variations of the population. The highly variable scumming followed only partly the abundance of the filamentous types of nocardioform actinomycetes and was not correlated to “M. parvicella”. Neither these organisms nor any plant operating condition could fully explain the dynamics of the scumming. The data lead us to suggest that high numbers of “M. parvicella” or nocardioform actinomycetes are not sufficient to cause scumming. The measured dynamics of the population and the scum coverage also imply that, to investigate scumming at a particular WWTP, time‐series of measurements including different seasons and periods of different scumming intensities are necessary.
Screening of Filamentous Microorganisms in Activated Sludge Plants
Authors: Krhůtková Olga , Denis Nicolas , Wanner Jir̆í
Published: July 2005

During the year 2002 the authors sampled 47 WWTPs with different design (from conventional plants with nitrification basin only to the most modern, with regeneration, anaerobic, anoxic, and oxic zones) and with different capacity (from less than 1000 to more than 1000000 population equivalents). Microthrix parvicella dominated nearly 60% of activated sludges samples. Very commonly – 60% – thin (around 5 cm layer) and stable foam was observed in WWTPs. Foams were formed mainly by M. parvicella and GALOs.
Control of Microthrix parvicella in Activated Sludge Plants by Dosage of Polyaluminium Salts: Possible Mechanisms
Authors: Nielsen Per H. , Kragelund Caroline , Nielsen Jeppe L. , Tiro Senada , Lebek Martin , Rosenwinkel Karl‐Heinz , Gessesse Amare
Published: July 2005

An effective control of the filamentous bacterium Microthrix parvicella in activated sludge wastewater treatment plants can take place by dosage of polyaluminium chloride, PAX‐14. The mechanism how it works is largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate in detail the mechanism by which PAX‐14 controls M. parvicella. After addition of PAX‐14, a reduction in substrate uptake, measured as uptake of radiolabelled oleic acid and trioleic acid under anaerobic conditions was observed by microautoradiography, indicating an effect on the physiology of M. parvicella or on the ability to transport substrate into the cell. Hydrophobic surface properties of the bacterium were not altered, but a significant reduction of exoenzyme activity was observed after PAX‐14 addition. This was measured as bulk enzyme activity as well as surface‐associated enzyme activity for esterase and lipase. New lipase production was not inhibited, indicating a need for a continuous addition of PAX‐14 for an efficient control of M. parvicella. Furthermore, since PAX‐14 is an efficient flocculating agent, it improved formation of dense flocs, so M. parvicella was embedded into floc material, making access to substrate difficult due to increased diffusional resistance. In conclusion, there seemed to be several reasons why PAX‐14 could control M. parvicella: The physiology and particularly the lipase production were partly inhibited, the accessibility of substrate was affected, and a better flocculation occurred.
Dosing Aluminum Chloride To ControlMicrothrix parvicella
Authors: Paris Stefania , Lind George , Lemmer Hilde , Wilderer Peter A.
Published: July 2005

To evaluate the effects of aluminum salts on floating sludge caused byMicrothrix parvicella, the addition of AlCl3was tested in a pilot scale activated sludge treatment plant fed with municipal wastewater. After enrichingM. parvicellaby dosing an emulsion of vegetable oil and Tween80, an average aluminum application rate per mass of mixed liquor suspended solids of 3.5 g kg−1d−1was applied. Specific sludge parameters such as the settling ability and the filament index were measured during the experiment. At the same time the effect of aluminum on the tendency to float and the hydrophobicity of activated sludge as well as on the morphology ofM. parvicellawas investigated. Microscopic investigations revealed a morphological modification of the filamentous bacterium during adding of AlCl3.M. parvicellawas found mostly inside of the activated sludge flocs and appeared as a short filament. Concurrently, an improvement of the settling characteristics of the activated sludge was observed. The tendency to float and the hydrophobicity of activated sludge decreased during the dosing. This is of significant relevance in the attempt to prevent floating sludge accumulation in activated sludge systems. The decrease of hydrophobicity of activated sludge during AlCl3dosage is probably related to the interaction of the aluminum species with the lipophilic substances and hydrophobic cell surface ofM. parvicella(co‐precipitation process).
The working environment and changing role of corporate librarians in Taiwan
Authors: Chen Hsueh‐hua , Chiu Tzu‐heng
Published: June 2005

Influenced by the concept of a “Knowledge Economy,” knowledge management (KM) has been receiving a lot of attention in the field of business administration recently. In the field of Library and Information Science, corporate librarians working in the information centers are mostly affected by KM either in their working environment or in their daily operations' role. Headed by the Special Library Association (SLA), a series of studies about the working environment and the changing role of corporate librarians in the last 10 years had been done in the United States. Due to differences in politics, economics, and cultures between Taiwan and Western countries, the organizational structure and corporate culture of business is not the same. Therefore, local studies on similar topics are needed. Our purpose in this study is to explore the influence of knowledge management on the working environment and the changing roles of corporate librarians in Taiwan.
Versuchsweiser Einbau eines adaptiven Seildämpfers in eine Schrägseilbrücke
Authors: Weber Felix , Distl Hans , Nützel Oswald
Published: June 2005

Ein adaptiver Seildämpfer mit variablen Dämpfungskennlinien wurde erstmals für einen Langzeitversuch bei einer Schrägseilbrücke eingesetzt. Es handelte sich dabei um die 412 m lange Eiland Brücke in der Nähe von Kampen in Holland, die seit Januar 2003 eröffnet ist. Die Seile sind Litzenkabel mit zwei in der Nähe der oberen und unteren Verankerung plazierten Elastomerlagern. Diese Lager haben neben der Reduzierung der Biegebeanspruchung im Verankerungsbereich gleichzeitig eine dämpfende Wirkung. Im Oktober 2004 wurde mit Genehmigung des Betreibers Rijkswaterstaat ein adaptiver Seildämpfer (Adaptive Cable Damper, ACD) eingebaut, der auf dem Prinzip der magneto‐rheologischen Fluid‐Dämpfer funktioniert. Das Ziel ist es, das Dämpfungspotential und die baupraktische Einsatzreife des ACD zu prüfen. Mittels Aufschwingversuchen wurde aus den Ausschwingkurven die Seildämpfung ohne und mit ACD bei unterschiedlichen Einstellungen getestet. Die Messungen zeigen, daß die Systemdämpfung des Seils mit einem passiv eingestellten ACD etwa viermal und bei optimaler Einstellung etwa neunmal größer ist, als ohne zusätzlichen Dämpfer. Des weiteren bestätigen die Messungen die hohe Genauigkeit der hier angewandten Methode des modellbasierten Dämpferdesigns. Seit Ende Oktober 2004 ist der ACD mit einer on/off‐Regelstrategie im Testbetrieb.
Partial Protection against Botulinum B Neurotoxin‐Induced Blocking of Exocytosis by a Potent Inhibitor of Its Metallopeptidase Activity
Authors: Anne Christine , Turcaud Serge , Blommaert Armand G. S. , Darchen François , Johnson Eric A. , Roques Bernard P.
Published: June 2005

Clostridium botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) cause botulism, which is characterized by a flaccid paralysis, through inhibition of acetylcholine release by peripheral cholinergic nerve terminals. This is due to the zinc metallopeptidase activity of the neurotoxin, cleaving one component (synaptobrevin for BoNT/B) of the exocytosis machinery. Yet, there are no specific agents able to control the peptidase‐related effects of BoNT/B. We recently developed the first compounds to inhibit this enzymatic activity in the nanomolar range. Here we report that two of our best inhibitors prevent the BoNT/B‐induced cleavage of native synaptobrevin on synaptic vesicles, and partially inhibit the suppression of [3H]noradrenaline release from synaptosomes that is caused by BoNT/B. These results were obtained at micromolar concentrations, consistent with the measured inhibitory potency of these inhibitors on the native toxin. These compounds provide a new way to possibly prevent and/or to control the neurotoxin effects of botulinum.
From Solution‐Phase to Solid‐Phase Enyne Metathesis: Crossover in the Relative Performance of Two Commonly Used Ruthenium Pre‐Catalysts
Authors: Brittain Dominic E. A. , Gray B. Lawrence , Schreiber Stuart L.
Published: July 2005

A crossover in the ability of two distinct ruthenium‐based metathesis pre‐catalysts to effect the synthesis of dialkenylboronic esters in solution and on the solid‐phase was observed. Specifically, while the Grubbs 2nd generation pre‐catalyst 3 affords a greater degree of conversion to product than the Hoveyda–Grubbs pre‐catalyst 2 in a solution‐phase enyne‐metathesis reaction, this trend is reversed in the solid‐phase variant. Systematic investigation showed this trend to be general, regardless of variations in the homoallylic alcohol and alkynylboronic ester components of the reaction, as well as in the type of solid support employed. Experiments to determine a mechanistic hypothesis for this trend highlighted the significance of the ruthenium remaining bound to the substrate after metathetic rearrangement and found the presence of phosphine ligand to be detrimental to the success of the solid‐phase reaction. Therefore, these results suggest an expanded role for phosphine‐free pre‐catalysts, such as 2, in challenging solid‐phase metathesis reactions.
Spirocyclic Diaminocarbenes: Synthesis, Coordination Chemistry, and Investigation of Their Dimerization Behavior
Authors: Hahn F. Ekkehardt , Paas Martin , Le Van Duc , Fröhlich Roland
Published: June 2005

Nonaromatic, “saturated”, spirocyclic N‐heterocyclic diaminocarbenes 11 can be obtained from spirocyclic imidazolidin‐2‐thiones 10 by reductive desulfurization with potassium. The unsymmetrically N,N′‐substituted spirocyclic imidazolidin‐2‐thiones were obtained by reaction of ketimines 9 with lithium N‐butyl‐N‐lithiomethyldithiocarbamate (6). 13C NMR spectroscopy revealed that the unsymmetrically N,N′‐substituted spirocyclic imidazolidin‐2‐ylidene 11 a undergoes a slow, acid‐catalyzed dimerization to give the enetetramine 11 a11 a, which exists in two isomeric forms (syn and anti). This reaction is reversible under special circumstances. Carbenes of type 11 react with [W(CO)6] to yield air‐stable carbene complexes of type [W(11)(CO)5] (14). The molecular structures of two derivatives 14 a and 14 b were established by X‐ray crystallography and show clear distortion of the five‐membered N‐heterocyclic ring, caused by the spirocyclic molecular structure of the carbene ligands of type 11.
Structure and 1D‐Magnetic Properties of (pipzH2)[MnF4(H2PO4)].
Authors: Stief Ronald , Massa Werner , Pebler Juergen
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
BaB2S4: The First Non‐oxidic Chalcogenoborate with Boron in a Trigonal‐Planar and Tetrahedral Coordination.
Authors: Hammerschmidt A. , Doech M. , Wulff M. , Krebs B.
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The First Observation of Heteronuclear Two‐Bond J‐Coupling in the Solid State: Crystal Structure and Solid‐State NMR Spectroscopy of Rb4(NbO)2(Si8O21).
Authors: Kao Hsien‐Ming , Li Kwang‐Hwa
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Development of a Rapid Room‐Temperature Dynamic Kinetic Resolution for Efficient Asymmetric Synthesis of α‐Aryl Amino Acids.
Authors: Hang Jianfeng , Li Hongming , Deng Li
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols with Ruthenium Catalysts in Ionic Liquids.
Authors: Wolfson Adi , Wuyts Stijn , De Vos Dirk E. , Vankelecom Ivo F. J. , Jacobs Pierre A.
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
New Homochiral Phosphine Ligands Having a Hexahydro‐1H‐pyrrolo[1,2‐c]imidazolone Backbone: Preparation and Use for Palladium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Alkylation of Cycloalkenyl Carbonates.
Authors: Shibatomi Kazutaka , Uozumi Yasuhiro
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Reactivity of Chloroacetylated β‐Enamino Compounds. Synthesis of Heterocycles.
Authors: Braibante Mara E. F. , Braibante Hugo T. S. , Costa Carla C. , Martins Demetrius B.
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Protected syn 1,3‐Diols by Intramolecular Conjugate Addition to Vinyl Sulfones.
Authors: Grimaud Laurence , Rotulo Delphine , Ros‐Perez Rafael , Guitry‐Azam Ludivine , Prunet Joelle
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
The Syntheses of Carbamates from Reactions of Primary and Secondary Aliphatic Amines with Dimethyl Carbonate in Ionic Liquids.
Authors: Sima Tianlong , Guo Shu , Shi Feng , Deng Youquan
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Decarbopalladation of π‐Allylpalladium Intermediates Formed from Palladium‐Catalyzed Arylations of 3‐Allen‐1‐ols.
Authors: Oh Chang Ho , Jung Seung Hyun , Bang Su Youn , Park Dai In
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Regioselective α‐Alkylation of Ketones with Primary Alcohols.
Authors: Cho Chan Sik , Kim Bok Tae , Kim Tae‐Jeong , Shim Sang Chul
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
(Fluoroorgano)fluoroboranes and ‐borates. Part 9. Highly Efficient Cross‐Coupling Reactions with the Perfluoroorganotrifluoroborate Salts K [RFBF3] (RF=C6F5, CF2=CF).
Authors: Frohn H.‐J. , Adonin N. Yu. , Bardin V. V. , Starichenko V. F.
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Easy and Regioselective Synthesis of Highly Functionalized o‐Quinodimethide Precursors from Fischer Carbene Complexes and Isocyanides.
Authors: Barluenga Jose , Aznar Fernando , Palomero M. Angel
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Acetylation and Trifluoroacetylation Reactions of Tetrahydropyrrolo[3,2‐c]pyridines.
Authors: Borisova Tatiana N. , Voskressensky Leonid G. , Soklakova Tatiana A. , Nsabimana Bonifas , Varlamov Alexey V.
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
An Efficient Protocol for the Formation of Aminothiatriazoles from Thiocarbamoylimidazolium Salts.
Authors: Ponzo Marisa G. , Evindar Ghotas , Batey Robert A.
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Halogen Derivatives of Benzo[h]chromene and Benzo[a]anthracene with Promising Antimicrobial Activities.
Authors: Khafagy Mostafa M. , Abd El‐Wahab Ashraf H. F. , Eid Fathy A. , El‐Agrody Ahmed M.
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Syntheses and Insecticidal Activity of New 2‐(5‐(Trifluoromethyl)pyridyloxymethyl)‐1,3,4‐oxadiazoles.
Authors: Cao Song , Qian Xuhong , Song Gonghua , Huang Qingchun
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
First Example of the Synthesis of 2‐Methylthio‐3‐pyridinol.
Authors: Nedolya N. A. , Brandsma L. , Slyakhtina N. I. , Fedorov S. V.
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and CNS Activity of Conformationally Restricted Butyrophenones. Part 27. New Synthetic Approaches to CNS Drugs. A Straightforward, Efficient Synthesis of Tetrahydroindol‐4‐ones and Tetrahydroquinolin‐5‐ones via Palladium‐Catalyzed Oxidation of Hydroxyenaminones.
Authors: Pita Beatriz , Masaguer Christian F. , Ravina Enrique
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of Imidazo[1′,5′:1,2]pyrido[3,4‐b]indole Derivatives.
Authors: Solymar Magdolna , Palko Marta , Martinek Tamas , Fueloep Ferenc
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
1,2‐Benzo‐15‐crown‐5 Containing an N‐Thiophosphorylthiobenzamide Fragment
Authors: Zabirov Nail G. , Sokolov Felix D. , Brusko Vasiliy V. , Tashmukhamedova Aynisa K. , Saifullina Nailya J. , Cherkasov Rafael A.
Published: June 2005

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Indium(I) Iodide‐Mediated Chemo‐, Regio‐, and Stereoselective Hydroselenation of 2‐Alkyn‐1‐ol Derivatives.
Authors: do Rego Barros Olga Soares , Lang Ernesto Shulz , de Oliveira Carlos Alberto Fernandes , Peppe Clovis , Zeni Gilson
Published: June 2005

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A Simple Method for the Synthesis of 11‐Keto‐9β‐estra‐1,3,5(10)‐trienes—Potential Synthons for Steroidal Antigestagens.
Authors: Golubovskaya L. E. , Minailova O. N. , Rzheznikov V. M.
Published: June 2005

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Synthesis of the Pro‐Gly Dipeptide Alkene Isostere Using Olefin Cross‐Metathesis.
Authors: Vasbinder Melissa M. , Miller Scott J.
Published: June 2005

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Ozonization and Reduction of α‐Methylene N‐(Ethoxycarbonyl)‐β‐amino Phosphonic Esters.
Authors: Francavilla Matteo , Gasperi Tecla , Loreto M. Antonietta , Tardella Paolo A. , Bassetti Mauro
Published: June 2005

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Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of N‐Substituted Indole Esters as Inhibitors of Cyclo‐Oxygenase‐2 (COX‐2).
Authors: Oelgen Suereyya , Nebioglu Dogu
Published: June 2005

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Alkynyl Aluminum Compounds: Bonding Modes and Structures
Authors: Zheng Wenjun , Roesky Herbert W.
Published: June 2005

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Photoinduced Motions in Azo‐Containing Polymers
Authors: Natansohn Almeria , Rochon Paul
Published: June 2005

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Asymmetric Hydrovinylation: New Perspectives Through Use of Modular Ligand Systems.
Authors: Goossen Lukas J.
Published: June 2005

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Degradation and Rearrangement Reactions
Authors: Koto Shinkiti
Published: June 2005

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Ambergis Fragrance Compounds from Labdanolic Acid and Larixol
Authors: De Groot Aede
Published: June 2005

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Some Unusual Reactions in Organophosphorus Chemistry
Authors: Shevchenko I. , Andrushko V. , Mikolenko R. , Shakhnin D. , Grutzmacher H. , Roschenthaler G.‐V.
Published: June 2005

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1‐Phosphanorbornadienes in Enantioselective Catalysis
Authors: Robin Frederic , Lelievre Stephane , Mercier Francois , Ricard Louis , Mathey Francois
Published: June 2005

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Chemoselective Heterocyclization and Pharmacological Activities of New Heterocycles. Part 5. Synthesis of Biocidal 4‐Thiazolidinones Derivatives
Authors: Abdel‐Rahman R. M.
Published: June 2005

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Root‐Induced Changes in the Availability of Nutrients in the Rhizosphere
Authors: Neumann Gunter , Romheld Volker
Published: June 2005

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Thinking and Computing Valence Bond in Organic Chemistry
Authors: Hiberty Philippe C.
Published: June 2005

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Automated Purification Systems
Authors: Stabile‐Harris Michele R. , Ciampoli April
Published: June 2005

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Synthesis, Structure and Characterizations of a Molybdenum Sulfide Complex with Inorganic Cluster [Mo3S13]2‐ and Organic Amine Me4N+.
Authors: Lu S. , Ke Y. , Li J. , Zhang Y.
Published: June 2005

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Ca3Pd4Bi8: Crystal and Electronic Structure.
Authors: Johrendt D. , Mewis A.
Published: June 2005

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Mixed‐Valence Thallium(I,III) Bromides. The Crystal Structure of α‐Tl2Br3.
Authors: Ackermann Rupprecht , Hirschle Christian , Rotter Heinz W. , Thiele Gerhard
Published: June 2005

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Structure and Magnetism of Gd2Co2Ga, Gd2Co2Al and Gd14Co3In2.7.
Authors: Canepa F. , Napoletano M. , Fornasini M. L. , Merlo F.
Published: June 2005

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An Asymmetric Cyanation Reaction and Sequential Asymmetric Cyanation—Nitroaldol Reaction Using a [YLi3{tris(binaphthoxide)}] Single Catalyst Component: Catalyst Tuning with Achiral Additives.
Authors: Tian Jun , Yamagiwa Noriyuki , Matsunaga Shigeki , Shibasaki Masakatsu
Published: June 2005

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Lipase‐Catalyzed Transesterification of Methyl 2‐Substituted 3‐Hydroxy‐4‐pentenoates and Its Synthetic Application to the Taxol Side Chain.
Authors: Mandai Tadakatsu , Oshitari Tetsuta , Susowake Masafumi
Published: June 2005

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Heterolytic Decarboxylation Involving Acyltrifluoroacetyl Peroxide Intermediates.
Authors: Krasutsky Pavel A. , Kolomitsyn Igor V. , Botov Evgenij M. , Carlson Robert M. , Semenova Irina G. , Fokin Andrey A.
Published: June 2005

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A Mild and Efficient Method for the Chemoselective Synthesis of Acylals from Aldehydes and Their Deprotections Catalyzed by Ceric Ammonium Nitrate.
Authors: Roy Subhas Chandra , Banerjee Biplab
Published: June 2005

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Inter‐ and Intramolecular Additions of 1‐Alkenylboronic Acids or Esters to Aldehydes and Ketones Catalyzed by Rhodium(I) Complexes in Basic, Aqueous Solutions.
Authors: Takezawa Akinori , Yamaguchi Kenji , Ohmura Toshimichi , Yamamoto Yasunori , Miyaura Norio
Published: June 2005

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O‐(1‐Phenylbutyl)benzyloxyacetaldoxime, a Versatile Reagent for the Asymmetric Synthesis of Protected 1,2‐Amino Alcohols and 2‐Hydroxymethyl Nitrogen Heterocycles.
Authors: Cooper Tracey S. , Larigo Alexander S. , Laurent Pierre , Moody Christopher J. , Takle Andrew K.
Published: June 2005

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Easy Synthesis of (E)‐ or (Z)‐Perfluorinated β‐Enaminoesters.
Authors: Prie Gildas , Richard Sebastien , Parrain Jean‐Luc , Duchene Alain , Abarbri Mohamed
Published: June 2005

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Highly Efficient Catalytic Synthesis of Substituted Allenes Using Indium.
Authors: Lee Kooyeon , Seomoon Dong , Lee Phil Ho
Published: June 2005

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Alkynylation of Carbonyl Compounds with Terminal Acetylenes Promoted by ZnCl2 and Et3N: Simple, Mild and Efficient Preparation of Propargylic Alcohols.
Authors: Jiang Biao , Si Yu‐Gui
Published: June 2005

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Diastereoselective Radical Allylation and Hydrogenation of α‐(Arylsulfinyl)alkyl Radicals Induced by Chelation Control.
Authors: Mase Nobuyuki , Watanabe Yoshihiko , Higuchi Koji , Nakamura Shuichi , Toru Takeshi
Published: June 2005

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N‐Arylation by Aryl Isocyanates as a General Reaction: Useful Route to Disubstituted S,N‐Diarylisothioureas.
Authors: Katritzky Alan R. , Cai Xiaohong , Vvedensky Vladimir Y. , Rogovoy Boris V. , Forood Behrouz , Hebert Normand
Published: June 2005

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Reductive Cyclodimerization of Arylmethylidenemalononitriles Promoted by AlCl3/Sm System: A Facile Synthesis of Cyclopentamine Derivatives.
Authors: Fan Xue‐Sen , Zhang Yong‐Min
Published: June 2005

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The Titanium‐Catalyzed Epoxidation of Homoallylic α‐Amino Alcohols.
Authors: Krasinski Antoni , Jurczak Janusz
Published: June 2005

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The Readily Available tert‐Pentyl Group as a Most Effective Simple Directing Group for Asymmetric Synthesis: A Case Study on Salen—Mn(III)‐Catalyzed Epoxidation.
Authors: Gaquere Anne , Liang Sidney , Hsu Fu‐Lian , Bu Xiu R.
Published: June 2005

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Conversion of (Z)‐1,4‐Dihydroxyalk‐2‐enes into 2,5‐Dihydrofurans and of Alkane‐1,4‐Diols into Tetrahydrofurans via Acid‐Catalyzed Cyclization of the Monoisoureas Formed by Their Copper(I)‐Mediated Reactions with Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide.
Authors: Duffy Michael G. , Grayson David H.
Published: June 2005

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Novel Synthesis and Antifungal Activity of Pyrrole and Pyrrolo[2,3‐d]pyrimidine Derivatives Containing Sulfonamido Moieties.
Authors: El‐Gaby M. S. A. , Gaber A. M. , Atalla A. A. , Abd El‐Wahab K. A.
Published: June 2005

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Stereoselective Dimerization of Benzylic Amines Derived from Indoline.
Authors: Nowak Ireneusz , George Clifford
Published: June 2005

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Efficient Synthesis of Functionalized 3H‐Pyrrolo[1,2‐a]indoles.
Authors: Yavari Issa , Adib Mehdi , Sayahi Mohammad H.
Published: June 2005

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Synthesis of Dialkyl 9‐Chloro‐3H‐pyrrolo[1,2‐a]indole‐2,3‐dicarboxylates Mediated by Vinylphosphonium Salts.
Authors: Esmaeili Abbas Ali , Kheybari Hajar
Published: June 2005

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Efficient Syntheses of 2‐(2,6‐Dichloro‐4‐trifluoromethyl‐phenyl)tetrahydrocyclopenta, Tetrahydrothiopyrano, Hexahydrocycloheptapyrazoles and Tetrahydroindazoles.
Authors: Meegalla Sanath K. , Doller Dario , Liu Ruiping , Sha Deyou , Soll Richard M. , Dhanoa Dale S.
Published: June 2005

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Synthesis of 1,3,4‐Thiadiazole Oligomers.
Authors: Le Van‐Duc , Rees Charles W. , Sivadasan Sivaprasad
Published: June 2005

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Conversion of Tetrazoles into Hydrazonoyl Chlorides. Novel Donor—Dithiazolium Interactions.
Authors: Rees Charles W. , Sivadasan Sivaprasad , White Andrew J. P. , Williams David J.
Published: June 2005

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Facile Transfer Hydrogenation of Chromones.
Authors: Sabui Subir Kumar , Mondal Pranab , Venkateswaran Ramanathapuram V.
Published: June 2005

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An Effective Procedure for the Acylation of Azaindoles at C‐3.
Authors: Zhang Zhongxing , Yang Zhong , Wong Henry , Zhu Juliang , Meanwell Nicholas A. , Kadow John F. , Wang Tao
Published: June 2005

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Covalent Analogues of DNA Base‐Pairs and Triplets. Part 4. Synthesis of Trisubstituted Benzenes Bearing Purine and/or Pyrimidine Rings by Cyclotrimerization of 6‐Ethynylpurines and/or 5‐Ethynyl‐1,3‐dimethyluracil.
Authors: Hocek Michal , Stara Irena G. , Stary Ivo , Dvorakova Hana
Published: June 2005

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Benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2‐c]pyrido[3′,2′:4,5]thieno[2,3‐e][1,2,3]triazine, a New Heteroaromatic System.
Authors: Vasilin V. K. , Kaigorodova E. A. , Lipunov M. M. , Krapivin G. D.
Published: June 2005

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General Protocols for the Synthesis of C2‐Symmetric and Asymmetric 2,8‐Disubstituted Analogues of Troeger′s Base via Efficient Bromine—Lithium Exchanges of 2,8‐Dibromo‐6H,12H‐5,11‐methanodibenzo[b,f][1,5]diazocine.
Authors: Jensen Jacob , Tejler Johan , Waernmark Kenneth
Published: June 2005

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The Reactions of Selected Terpene Alcohols with Acetonitrile in the Presence of Boron Trifluoride Etherate.
Authors: Welniak M.
Published: June 2005

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Highly Efficient Synthesis of the Optically Active Sesquiterpene Hydroquinone (+)‐Zonarol and the Sesquiterpene Quinone (+)‐Zonarone.
Authors: Villamizar Jose , Orcajo Angel L. , Fuentes Juan , Tropper Eleonora , Alonso Randolph
Published: June 2005

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Stereoselective Synthesis of C‐6 Substituted Pipecolic Acid Derivatives. Formal Synthesis of (+)‐Indolizidine 167B and (+)‐Indolizidine 209D.
Authors: Carbonnel Sylvie , Troin Yves
Published: June 2005

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Aqueous Peroxoisopolyoxometalates
Authors: Howarth Oliver W. , Pettersson Lage , Andersson Ingegard
Published: June 2005

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Five‐Membered Ring Systems with O and N Atoms
Authors: Cicchi Stefano , Cordero Franca M. , Giomi Donatella
Published: June 2005

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Five‐Membered Ring Systems: Pyrroles and Benzo Derivatives
Authors: Ketcha Daniel M.
Published: June 2005

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Features of Tritium Labeling of Organic Compounds with Gaseous Tritium
Authors: Sidorov G. V. , Susan A. , Myasoedov N. F.
Published: June 2005

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Hydration and Hydroamination of 1‐Alkynes with Ruthenium Catalysts
Authors: Tokunaga Makoto , Suzuki Toshiaki , Koga Nobuaki , Fukushima Tomoaki , Horiuchi Akira , Eckert Markus , Ota Mitsuru , Haga Masa‐aki , Honda Tomoko , Wakatsuki Yasuo
Published: June 2005

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Enzymes as Catalysts in Labeling Synthesis Using Short‐Lived Radionuclides
Authors: Antoni G. , Ogren M. , Langstrom B.
Published: June 2005

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Studies on the Cytological Function of the Biomembrane and the Neurons
Authors: Mohri Tetsuro
Published: June 2005

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Structural and Functional Analysis of Enzymes and Their Application to Clinical Analysis — Study on Pseudomonas putida Formaldehyde Dehydrogenase
Authors: Ito Kiyoshi
Published: June 2005

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Aspects of Nucleosomal Positional Flexibility and Fluidity
Authors: Caserta Micaela , Verdone Loredana , Di Mauro Ernesto
Published: June 2005

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Analysis of Molecular Mechanism of Cancer Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis Induced by Vitamin D3 Analogues on the Basis of Molecular Recognition of Vitamin D Receptor Ligand Binding Domain
Authors: Nakagawa Kimie
Published: June 2005

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Isotopic Processes in Atmospheric Chemistry
Authors: Johnson M. S. , Feilberg K. L. , von Hessberg P. , Nielsen O. J.
Published: June 2005

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Asymmetric Carbon—Carbon Bond Formations in Conjugate Additions of Lithiated N‐Boc Allylic and Benzylic Amines to Nitroalkenes: Enantioselective Synthesis of Substituted Piperidines, Pyrrolidines, and Pyrimidinones.
Authors: Johnson Timothy A. , Jang Doo Ok , Slafer Brian W. , Curtis Michael D. , Beak Peter
Published: June 2005

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Reactions of 1‐Arylbuta‐1,3‐dienes Generated from 3‐Allyl‐1,3‐dihydro‐2,1‐benzisothiazole 2,2‐Dioxides.
Authors: Wojciechowski K. , Modrzejewska H.
Published: June 2005

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Elemental Fluorine. Part 14. Electrophilic Fluorination and Nitrogen Functionalization of Hydrocarbons.
Authors: Chambers Richard D. , Kenwright Alan M. , Parsons Mandy , Sandford Graham , Moilliet John S.
Published: June 2005

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