bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Path Planning of an Autonomous Mobile Robot using Enhanced Bacterial Foraging Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Abbas Nizar Hadi , Ali Farah Mahdi
Published: April 2019

This paper describes the problem of online autonomous mobile robot path planning, which is consisted of finding optimal paths or trajectories for an autonomous mobile robot from a starting point to a destination across a flat map of a terrain, represented by a 2-D workspace. An enhanced algorithm for solving the problem of path planning using Bacterial Foraging Optimization algorithm is presented. This nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithm, which imitates the foraging behavior of E-coli bacteria, was used to find the optimal path from a starting point to a target point. The proposed algorithm was demonstrated by simulations in both static and dynamic different environments. A comparative study was evaluated between the developed algorithm and other two state-of-the-art algorithms. This study showed that the proposed method is effective and produces trajectories with satisfactory results.
Using Smart Control System to Enhancement the Split Air Conditioning System Performance
Authors: Mohammed Farag Mahel , Mohammed Jamal Abdul-Kareem , Jabbar Mustafa Abdul-Sattar
Published: April 2019

In IRAQ, the air conditioners are the principal cause of high electrical demand. In summer, the outer temperature sometimes exceeds 500C which significantly effects on the A/C system performance and power consumed. In the present work, the improvement in mechanical and electrical performance of split A/C system is investigated experimentally and analytically. In this paper, performance and energy saving enhancement of a split-A/C system was experimentally investigated to be efficiently compatible with elevated temperature weathers. This improvement is accomplished via Smart Control System integrate with Proportional-Integral- Differential PID algorithm. The PIC16F877A micro-controller has been programmed with the PID and PWM codes to control the speed of the proposed DC condenser fan over wide range of speed, also it has been programmed to have a smart characteristics to protect the A/C system parts as the ability to detect a refrigerant leakage, condenser fan stop, and any obstacles for the fan air flow. A comparative study between the conventional and enhanced A/C system is performed. The results show that the proposed system exhibits better performance and saves more energy than the conventional one. The Coefficient of Performance (COP) of the split- A/C system are improved by about 20.56%.
Synthesis of CuO Nano structure via Sol-Gel and Precipitation Chemical Methods
Authors: Jabbar Saja Mohsen
Published: April 2019

CuO nanoparticles were synthesized in two different ways, firstly by precipitation method using copper acetate monohydrate Cu(CO2CH13)2·H2O, glacial acetic acid (CH3COOH) and sodium hydroxide(NaOH), and secondly by sol-gel method using copper chloride(CuCl2), sodium  hydroxide (NaOH) and ethanol (C2H6O). Results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that different CuO nanostructures (spherical and Reef) can be formed using precipitation and sol- gel process, respectively, at which the particle size was found to be less than 2 µm. X-ray diffraction (XRD)manifested that the pure synthesized powder has no inclusions that may exist during preparations. XRD results showed the particles size of highest peak at 38.9°, was  equal to (15.93nm). In addition, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were used to describe the prepared CuO nanostructures absorption peak at 610 cm-1 which conﬁrms that the synthesized product is a pure CuO and may be attributed to Cu2O infrared active mode.
Fabrication of Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Al2O3/Cr2O3 Nanocomposites by Coprecipitation Process
Authors: Jaber Hussein Alaa
Published: April 2019

In this research, the effect of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on the alumina/chromia (Al2O3/Cr2O3) nanocomposites has been investigated. Al2O3/Cr2O3-MWCNTs nanocomposites with variable contents of Cr2O3 and MWCNTs were fabricated using coprecipitation process and followed by spark plasma sintering. XRD analysis revealed a good crystallinity of sintered nanocomposites samples and there was only one phase presence of Al2O3-Cr2O3 solid solution. Density, Vickers microhardness, fracture toughness and fracture strength have been measured in the sintered samples. The results show that the relative density, microhardness and fracture strength of nanocomposites are significantly improved at low contents of Cr2O3 and MWCNTs. The increase of MWCNT’s content in the nanocomposites has adversely affected due to increasing the tangle and interaction of MWCNTs with each other, which leads to agglomeration in the nanocomposites. Increasing of Cr2O3 content in nanocomposites increases formation of Al2O3-Cr2O3 solid solution that actually requires the high sintering temperature to achieve good densification. The fracture toughness of Al2O3/Cr2O3-MWCNTs nanocomposites was enhanced by increasing the carbon nanotube content.
Thermal Conductivity Enhancement of Iraqi Origin Paraffin Wax by Nano-Alumina
Authors: Chaichan Miqdam T. , Hussein Rasha Mohammed , Jawad Aida Mohammed
Published: April 2019

Abstract

 

Paraffin wax is utilized for the heat storage applications taking advantage from the high stored latent heat during the phase change (from solid to fluid) period. What isn't right with this procedure is that the wax has a little heat transfer rate because of its low thermal conductivity. The thermal conductivity improvement of the paraffin wax has been examined utilizing nano-material with high thermal conductivity. In the recent study, (Al2O3) nanoparticles with weights of 1, 2, and 3% of the paraffin wax were added to the paraffin wax. The Iraqi paraffin wax accessible at the local markets was utilized as a phase change material (PCM).

Many properties of the wax were changed due to the addition of nanofillers. The wax color was changed from light brown to white. The thermal conductivity of the paraffin wax was expanded by increasing the additional nanoparticles extent with 37.1, 42.3 and 60.32% for 1, 2 and 3% added nano-Al2O3 compared to pure wax conditions. The subsequent change in the thermal conductivity of the paraffin wax makes it reasonable for the use in thermal storage applications.

 

Keywords: Latent heat, Nano-alumina, Paraffin wax, Thermal storage,
Study the Effect of Multilayer Single Point Incremental Forming on Residual Stresses for Bottom Plates
Authors: Abed Aseel Hamad , Bedan Aqeel Sabree , Noori Mohanad Faeq
Published: April 2019

Abstract

 

Knowing the amount of residual stresses and find technological solutions to minimize and control them during the production operation are an important task because great levels of deformation which occurs in single point incremental forming (SPIF), this induce highly non-uniform residual stresses. In this papera propose of a method for multilayer single point incremental forming with change in thickness of the top plate (0.5, 0.7, 0.9) mm and lubrication or material between two plates(polymer, grease, grease with graphite, mos2) to knowing an effect of this method  and parameters on residual stresses for the bottom plates. Also compare these results for the bottom plates with the single plate at same thickness 0.9 mm.The results showed that when increase thickness of the top plate the value of residual stresses will decrease for bottom plates and when used graphite with grease between two plates gives less residual stresses (R.S = 60.173 MPa.) reverse when used Mos2 which will gives a larger residual stresses (R.S = 146.617 MPa.) in the bottom plate.

Keywords: Multilayer Single Point Incremental Forming (SPIF), Residual Stresses, Lubrication.
Anaerobic Digestion and Codigestion of Chlorella Vulgaris Microalgae Biomass with Wastewater Sludge and Dairy Manure for Biogas Production
Authors: Ammar Saad H. , Khodhair Sadiq Riyadh
Published: April 2019

Abstract

 

Anaerobic digestion process of organic materials is biochemical decomposition process done by two types of digestion bacteria in the absence of oxygen resulting in the biogas production, which is produced as a waste product of digestion. The first type of bacteria is known as acidogenic which converts organic waste to fatty acids. The second type of bacteria is called methane creators or methanogenic which transforms the fatty acids to biogas (CH4 and CO2). The considerable amounts of biodegradable constitutes such as carbohydrates, lipids and proteins present in the microalgae biomass make it a suitable substrate for the anaerobic digestion or even co-digested with other organic wastes. The present work investigated methane biogas production by anaerobic codigestion of microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris biomass with organic waste from several sources such as wastewater sludge and dairy manure waste in different proportions as an additional carbon supply to enhance anaerobic digestion and therefore biogas production. Six bottles, employed as batch biodigesters each of 1 liter capacity, were used for that purpose at moderate conditions (35±2 oC). The produced biogas volume was monitored daily along 35 days and the results showed that the daily and cumulative biogas production was increased 4.5 times and 3 times for the bottles with 66.67% microalgae compared with the bottles with wastewater sludge or dairy manure waste only, respectively.

 Keywords: Anaerobic codigestion, biogas; dairy manure, microalgae Chlorella Vulgaris, wastewater sludge.
Influence of Nanoreinforced Particles (Al2O3) on Fatigue Life and Strength of Aluminium Based Metal Matrix Composite
Authors: Alalkawi Hussain J. M , Hamdany Aseel A. , Alasadi Abbas Ahmed
Published: April 2019

Abstract

     In this investigation, Al2O3 nano material of 50nm particles size were added to the 6061 Al aluminium alloy by using the stir casting technique to fabricate the nanocomposite of 10wt% Al2O3. The experimental results observed that the addition of 10wt% Al2O3 improved the fatigue life and strength of constant and cumulative fatigue. Comparison between the S-N curves behaviour of metal matrix (AA6061) and the nanocomposite 10wt% Al2O3 has been made. The comparison revealed that 12.8% enhancement in fatigue strength at 107cycles due to 10wt% nano reinforcement. Also cumulative fatigue life of 10wt% nanocomposite was found to be increased by 33.37% and 39.58% for low-high and high-low loading sequences, respectively, compared to the metal-matrix cumulative life.

Keywords: Al2O3 nanoparticles, AA6061/10wt%, constant and cumulative fatigue, MMCs.
Comparative Study for Organic and Inorganic Draw Solutions in Forward Osmosis
Authors: Al-Alalawy Ahmed Faiq , Abbas Talib Rashid , Mohammed Hadeer Kadhim
Published: April 2019

The present work aims to study forward osmosis process using different kinds of draw solutions and membranes. Three types of draw solutions (sodium chloride, sodium formate, and sodium acetate) were used in forward osmosis process to evaluate their effectiveness with respect to water flux and reverse salt flux. Experiments conducted in a laboratory-scale forward osmosis (FO) unit in cross flow flat sheet membrane cell.  Three types of membranes (Thin film composite (TFC), Cellulose acetate (CA), and Cellulose triacetate (CTA)) were used to determine the water flux under osmotic pressure as a driving force. The effect of temperature, draw solution concentration, feed and draw solution flow rate, and membrane types, were studied with respect to water flux. The results showed an increase in water flux with increasing feed temperature and draw solution concentrations In addition, the flux increased with increasing feed flow rate while the flux was inversely proportional with the draw solution flow rate. The results showed that reverse osmosis membranes (TFC and CA) are not suitable for using in FO process due to the relatively obtained low water flux when compared with the flux obtained by forward osmosis membrane (CTA). NaCl draw solution gave higher water flux than other draw solutions and at the same time, revealed higher reverse salt flux.
Mechanical Properties Investigation of Composite Material Under Different Parameters Variations
Authors: Mohammed Farag M.
Published: April 2019

The main objective of this research is to design and select a composite plate to be used in fabricating wing skins of light unman air vehicle (UAV). The mechanical properties, weight and cost are the basis criteria of this selection. The fiber volume fraction, fillers and type of fiber with three levels for each were considered to optimize the composite plate selection. Finite element method was used to investigate the stress distribution on the wing at cruise flight condition in addition to estimate the maximum stress. An experiments plan has been designed to get the data on the basis of Taguchi technique. The most effective parameters at the process to be find out by employing L9 (33) orthogonal array, signal to noise ratio (S/N), main effect and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results show that, the experimental and the predicted results are very close. It was found that the type of fiber is the most effective parameter on the plate selection, followed by filler content and then the fiber volume fraction. The best parameters combinations are ((E-glass woven roving + unidirectional carbon) fiber, 7.5% graphite filler and 30% fiber volume fraction). This combination provides good mechanical properties, high safety factor, acceptable cost, and offers weight savings on average by 40% percent as compared to aluminum alloy.
Design an Integral Sliding Mode Controller for a Nonlinear System
Authors: Hamoudi Ahmed Khalaf , Abdul Rahman Noora Off
Published: April 2019

The goal of this paper is to design a robust controller for controlling a pendulum system. The control of nonlinear systems is a common problem that is facing the researchers in control systems design. The Sliding Mode Controller (SMC) is the best solution for controlling a nonlinear system. The classical SMC consists from two phases. The first phase is the reaching phase and the second is the sliding phase. The SMC suffers from the chattering phenomenon which is considered as a severe problem and undesirable property. It is a zigzag motion along the switching surface. In this paper, the chattering is reduced by using a saturation function instead of sign function. In spite of SMC is a good method for controlling a nonlinear system but it still suffers from long settling time which is considered as undesired property. The Integral Sliding Mode controller (ISMC) can be used to reduce the settling time. Also, the ISMC is a good method for controlling a nonlinear systems. ISMC is simple, has a high performance and can be considered as an effective and powerful technique. In ISMC method, the reaching phaseis eliminated which considered a main part in designing classical SMC. The important property of the ISMC as well as the Classical Sliding Mode Controller (CSMC),is the ability to make the systems asymptotically stable. The pendulum system was used for testing the CSMC and ISMC. The results obtained from the simulation showed the advantages of using the ISMC when comparied with the CSMC. Finally, MATLAB software package was adopted in this paper.
Solving the Inverse Kinematic Equations of Elastic Robot Arm Utilizing Neural Network
Authors: Al-Khafaji Hussein M. , Jweeg Muhsin J.
Published: April 2019

The inverse kinematic equation for a robot is very important to the control robot’s motion and position. The solving of this equation is complex for the rigid robot due to the dependency of this equation on the joint configuration and structure of robot link. In light robot arms, where the flexibility exists, the solving of this problem is more complicated than the rigid link robot because the deformation variables (elongation and bending) are present in the forward kinematic equation. The finding of an inverse kinematic equation needs to obtain the relation between the joint angles and both of the end-effector position and deformations variables. In this work, a neural network has been proposed to solve the problem of inverse kinematic equation. To feed the neural network, experimental data were taken from an elastic robot arm for training the network, these data presented by joint angles, deformation variables and end-effector positions. The results of network training showed a good fit between the output results of the neural network and the targets data. In addition, this method for finding the inverse of kinematic equation proved its effectiveness and validation when applying the results of neural network practically in the robot’s operating software for controlling the real light robot’s position.
Preparation of Light Fuel Fractions from Heavy Vacuum Gas Oil by Thermal Cracking Reaction
Authors: Obyed Saleem Mohammed
Published: April 2019

This work deals with thermal cracking of heavy vacuum gas oil which produced from the top of vacuum distillation unit at Al- DURA refinery, by continuous process. An experimental laboratory plant scale was constructed in laboratories of chemical engineering department, Al-Nahrain University and Baghdad University. The thermal cracking process was carried out at temperature ranges between 460-560oC and atmospheric pressure with liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) equal to 15hr-1.The liquid product from thermal cracking unit was distilled by atmospheric distillation device according to ASTM D-86 in order to achieve two fractions, below 220oC as a gasoline fraction and above 220oC as light cycle oil (LCO).The first fraction which was below 220oC was fractionated to light fractions (gasoline, kerosene and gas oil) by atmospheric distillation device. The fractions (gasoline, kerosene and gas oil) were distilled by atmospheric distillation device in order to obtained distillation curve for these fractions. Physical properties were recorded for these cuts to compare it with standard property test, in order to studying the possibilities of industrial uses. The maximum conversion of heavy vacuum gas oil was obtained by this process equal to 82 wt. % of feed at 540oC.
Study the Effect of Different Percentages of Natural (Orange Peels and Date Seeds) and Industrial Materials (Carbon and Silica) on the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Polymeric Reinforced Composites
Authors: Dahad Haydar Abed , Hasan Sameh Fareed , Alwan Ali Hussein
Published: April 2019

تم دراسة الخصائص الميكانيكية والحرارية للمواد المركبة التي تتكون من بولي استر غير مشبع المقواة بأنواع مختلفة من المواد الطبيعية (قشر البرتقال ونوى التمر) والمواد الصناعية (الكربون والسيليكا) مع حجم حبيبي 98 ميكرون. تم اخذ قيم متلفة من النسب الوزنية، %5و %10و 15%. وقد تم اضافة مواد صناعية ومواد طبيعية الى البولي استر. وقد تم أجراء اختبارات الشد و الانحناء والتوصيل الحراري للبولي استر والمواد المركبة الطبيعية والصناعية لتحديد تأثير النسبة الوزنية على خصائص المواد. وأظهرت النتائج أنه عندما زادت نسبة الوزن للبوليستر مع نوى التمر من 10٪ إلى 15٪، انخفض معامل المرونة بنسبة 54٪. عندما تكون النسبة الوزنية لنوى التمر5٪  الحد الأقصى لمعامل المرونة والإجهاد الخضوع والإجهاد الكسر. وأظهرت نتائج اختبارات الشد واالانحناء أن المواد المركبة الطبيعية لها قوة أعلى من المادة الصناعية. في حين أظهرت نتائج اختبارات الانحناء أن الحد الأقصى من التحسن في قوة الانحناء يتم الحصول عليه لقشور البرتقال بنسبة 5٪ ، حيث الحد الأقصى لزيادة هي 153.4٪ بالمقارنة مع البوليستر النقي. وانخفضت الموصلية الحرارية من قشور البرتقال إلى قيمة النصف عندما زادت النسبة الوزنية من 10٪ إلى 15٪. الموصلية الحرارية للبوليستر مع قشور البرتقال أكبر من الموصلية الحرارية من البوليستر مع نوى التمر. وكانت النسبة المئوية القصوى عند النسبة الوزنية 10٪ هي 14.4٪  ولكن التوصيل الحراري للمواد المركبة الصناعية اعلى من المواد المركبة الطبيعية. وأخيرا، فإن المركب نوى التمر هو عازل جيد وله معدل نقل حراري منخفض بالمقارنة مع بقية العينات، وكذلك الاختلاف الأقصى لدرجات الحرارة مع مرور الوقت في مركب نوى التمر.
Experimental and Numerical Investigation for Simulation of Thermophysical Properties for Polypropylene 575 Polymer Melts in Single Screw Extruder
Authors: Ismail May M. , Salman Sami D. , Muallah Shatha K.
Published: April 2019

A numerical model for Polypropylene 575 polymer melts flow along the solid conveying screw of a single screw extruder under constant heat flux using ANSYS-FLUENT 17.2 software has been conducted. The model uses the thermophysical properties such as Viscosity, thermal conductivity, Specific heat and density of polypropylene 575 that measured as a function of temperature, and residence time data for process simulation. The numerical simulation using CFD models for single screw extruder and the polymer extrusion was analysed for parameters such as (thermal conductivity, specific heat, density and viscosity) reveals a high degree of similarity to experimental data measured. The most important outcome of this study is that geometrical, parameter and conditions have been obtained from the simulation used to minimize the size, cost and time of operation for extruder.
Experimental Study of Forced- Convection from Horizontal Rectangular Fins Array into Air Duct
Authors: Shehab Saad Najeeb
Published: April 2019

In this work, an experimental study has been done to expect the heat characteristics and performance of the forced-convection from a heated horizontal rectangular fins array to air inside a rectangular cross-section duct. Three several configurations of rectangular fins array have been employed. One configuration without notches and perforations (solid) and two configurations with combination of rectangular-notches and circular-perforations for two various area removal percentages from fins namely 18% notches-9% perforations and 9% notches-18% perforations are utilized.  The rectangular fins dimensions and fins number are kept constant. The fins array is heated electrically from the base plate with five different magnitudes of power-inputs. Five several air flow velocity into a duct are utilized. The influence of fin geometry, air flow velocity, Reynolds number and the surface heat flux on the heat-performance of forced heat convection have been simulated and studied experimentally. The experimental data indicates that the combination of 18% rectangular-notched and 9% circular-perforated rectangular fins array gave best forced heat performance in terms of average heat transfer coefficient about (25% - 45%) and (7% - 20%) compared than solid and 9% notches with18% perforations fins array respectively. Five empirical correlations to predict the average Nusselt number for the 18% notches with 9% perforations rectangular fins array at wide range of surface heat flux are deduced. The present data are compared with previous works and a good closeness in behavior is noticed.
Fabrication of Advanced Cement Mortar for Building Anti-Bacterial Applications
Authors: Othman Farhad M. , Abdul-hamead Alaa A. , Hmeed Noor A.
Published: April 2019

In this research, we have added nano anatase TiO2 as a partial replacement of Portland cement by a weight percentage of (0.25 to 1%) for the development of properties for protection against bacteria. The control mix was made by using "the cement to sand" proportion about (1: 2.75) with the "water to cement" proportion of (0.5) to study the structure, porosity, water absorption, density, mechanical properties, as well as anti-bacterial behavior. Inspections have been done such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscope (AFM) for mortar. Experimental results showed that after the addition of Nano powders in cement mortar, the structural properties improved significantly with the development of hydration of cement mortar at early age, reduction of porosity and the increase of density as well as enhancement in compressive and anti-bacteria properties that make the preparation of nano material very suitable for protection against bacteria.
CONSTRUCTIONAL AND THERMAL INSULATION MATERIAL BASED ON HIGH-STRENGTH ANHYDRITE BINDER
Authors: Yakovlev G I , Pervushin G N , Grakhov V P , Kalabina D A , Gordina A F , Ginchitskaya Yu N , Bazhenov K A , Troshkova V V , Drokhitka R , Khozin V G
Published: April 2019

Исследованы физико-механические свойства конструкционно-теплоизоляционной композиции на основе высокопрочного ангидритового вяжущего, приготовленного на основе фторангидрита - отхода производства плавиковой кислоты - и вспученного перлитового песка. Для активации процессов структурообразования ангидритового вяжущего использовался 3%-й водный раствор фосфата натрия Na3PO4. В качестве сверхлегкого заполнителя в композиции использовался вспученный перлитовый песок. Проведенные исследования микроструктуры и рентгеновский микроанализ показали наличие физико-химического взаимодействия между двуводным сульфатом кальция и частицами вспученного перлитового песка, обеспечивающего повышение физико-механических характеристик разработанного материала вследствие формирования плотной структуры, которое происходит в результате формирования новообразований в межфазной зоне на границе ангидритового вяжущего и частиц вспученного перлитового песка, что подтверждается результатами инфракрасной спектроскопии. Также отмечено уплотнение структуры ангидритового вяжущего нанодисперсными структурами, образующимися в межкристаллитных порах ангидритового вяжущего. Разработанная композиция может служить дешевым заменителем гипса при производстве «теплой штукатурки», гипсокартонных листов, пазогребневых плит, стеновых блоков, изготовлении архитектурных деталей методом литья в формы, а также выполнении теплоизоляции стен при каркасном строительстве, в том числе для заполнения колодцевой кладки.
INVESTIGATION OF BIAXIAL STRESS STATE IN R65 RAILS BY ACOUSTOELASTICITY METHOD
Authors: Murav’ev V V , Yakimov A V , Volkova L V , Platunov A V
Published: April 2019

Исследованы коэффициенты упругоакустической связи и двухосное напряженное состояние в отрезках рельсов Р65 с помощью измерений скорости поперечных и продольной волн. Измерения с помощью структуроскопа СЭМА и дефектоскопа DIO 1000 проведены на девяти рельсах, один из которых изготовлен по технологии объемной закалки, остальные дифференцированно упрочненные. Измерения проведены с использованием электромагнитно-акустического (ЭМА) и пьезоэлектрического (ПЭП) преобразователей для ввода и приема соответственно поперечных и продольной волн. Преобразователи устанавливались на поверхность катания головки и на боковую поверхность шейки рельса. ЭМА-преобразователь возбуждает две поперечные волны, поляризованные в продольном и поперечном направлении рельса. Волны, отраженные от противоположной стороны образца, принимаются тем же самым преобразователем. Точно такой путь проходит продольная волна, возбуждаемая ПЭП. Полученные значения остаточных напряжений в нескольких сечениях отрезков рельсов оказались неодинаковыми как в каждом отрезке по его длине, так и существенно неодинаковыми в разных образцах, включая образцы, полученные по одной технологии. Для исследования коэффициентов упругоакустической связи k1, k2, k3 из рельса вырезаны головка и подошва, которые сжимали в продольном направлении на машине «INSTRON» с нагрузкой до 240 кН. До начала испытаний по сжатию были измерены начальные значения временных задержек акустических волн. Расчет коэффициентов упругоакустической связи производился по вторым донным отражениям. Коэффициенты акустоупругой связи K1, K2 рассчитывались при нагружении на торцы элементов от 0 до 240 кН. QUOTE Обнаружено, что продольные напряжения QUOTE в рельсах QUOTE выше на два порядка поперечных. Таким образом, наиболее информативным методом акустической тензометрии для определения остаточных напряжений является метод, основанный на регистрации изменения скорости распространения упругих волн, зависящих от напряженного состояния, с использованием электромагнитно-акустического (ЭМА) и пьезоэлектрического (ПЭП) преобразователей для ввода и приема соответственно поперечных и продольной волн.
QUALITY MANAGEMENT COMPETENCIES OF THE PERSONNEL OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors: Klekovkin V S , Permyakov W N
Published: April 2019

Управление компетенциями персонала машиностроительного предприятия на современном этапе - сложный и многообразный процесс. Цель этого процесса - прогнозировать и развивать компетенции персонала в соответствии с требованиями к выпуску конкурентоспособной продукции. В ходе исследования разработана модель расчета рисков принимаемых решений в отношении необходимых компетенций персонала с учетом внешних конкурентных вызовов и современных технологических укладов. Анализ известных современных инструментов управления качеством показал, что крайне важно обеспечивать синергию (усиливающий эффект) взаимодействия персонала компании. В исследовании разработана модель управления синергоэффективностью (одновременный анализ усиливающего эффекта взаимодействия персонала и достигнутых результатов эффективности процесса) процессов и производства в целом и показан алгоритм его оптимизации. На основе анализа рассмотрены типовые системные задачи, возникающие при совершенствовании бизнес-продукта и рекомендованы инструменты для решения этих задач. Также рекомендованы инструменты развития синергоэффективной культуры в организации. Для реализации разработанной методики на Ижевском заводе тепловой техники разработан план ее реализации, включающий научную, организационно-методическую работу и образовательную деятельность. Таким образом, соединение практико-ориентированных и социально ориентированных инструментов позволяет компаниям эффективно управлять компетенциями персонала и достигать значительной синергоэффективности в условиях острой конкурентной борьбы.
INTERRELATION OF REGULATORY LEGAL ACTS REGULATING PROFESSIONAL FUNCTIONS OF THE SPECIALIST ON LABOR PROTECTION
Authors: Sevastyanov B V , Lisina E B , Shadrin R O , Selyunina N V , Lisin V A
Published: April 2019

Показана история развития профессии специалиста в области охраны труда. С начала XX века в Российской империи впервые началась подготовка специалистов по безопасности труда в Институте имени Петра Великого в Санкт-Петербурге. Рассмотрены профессиональные обязанности специалиста в области охраны труда, указанные в действующих нормативных правовых актах, в том числе работа в составе комиссий по вопросам охраны труда, расследованию несчастных случаев, составлению документов, приказов, планов и отчетов, касающихся охраны труда, оказания консультативной помощи руководителям подразделений и предприятия по вопросам охраны труда. Показано, что они имеют организационно-управленческое и контрольно-надзорное содержание. Проведен анализ содержания профессиональных компетенций федерального государственного образовательного стандарта высшего образования «Техносферная безопасность» и трудовых функций специалиста в области охраны труда, показано, что некоторые учебные дисциплины, включаемые в образовательные программы, имеют весьма отдаленное отношение к деятельности специалиста по охране труда. В то же время учебные дисциплины, касающиеся вопроса изучения профессиональных обязанностей специалиста по охране труда, в учебные программы не включаются. Это говорит о необходимости существенной корректировки содержания образовательного стандарта по техносферной безопасности и, прежде всего, в направлении более полного учета тех функций, которые возлагаются действующими нормативными правовыми актами на специалистов служб охраны труда организаций. Приведен перечень профессионально ориентирующих дисциплин, которые должны быть включены в учебные планы подготовки студентов по направлению «Техносферная безопасность».
Synthesis of the Pipeline Valve Drive with Automatic Switching of Speeds
Authors: Plekhanov F I , Grabskii A A
Published: April 2019

В приводах запорной трубопроводной арматуры широко используются зубчатые планетарные передачи. Однако существующие их конструкции с ручным переключением скоростей сложны в изготовлении и неудобны в эксплуатации. Привод, выполненный на базе эксцентриковой планетарной передачи с гибкими элементами, лишен этих недостатков и обеспечивает автоматическое переключение скоростей в зависимости от нагрузки на рабочем органе арматуры. Важнейшими деталями указанного привода являются гибкие элементы, выполненные в виде стержней, жестко заделанных в ведомое звено. Их размеры должны обеспечивать требуемую прочность и жесткость и соответствовать параметрам зубчатого планетарного механизма. Диаметр гибких элементов и их длина при заданном количестве определялись исходя из условия, что при работе механизма в режиме непосредственной передачи движения от шкива к ведомому звену радиальное смещение подвижного колеса в результате деформации гибких элементов не превышает зазора между поверхностями вершин зубьев колес при отсутствии нагрузки, а при работе в режиме редуктора равно межосевому расстоянию передачи. При этом использовались методы строительной механики. Параметры зубчатой планетарной передачи (числа зубьев колес, угол и модуль зацепления, ширина венцов) определялись из расчета зубьев на изгибную прочность и в соответствии с величиной эксцентриситета колеса с внешними зубьями при работе передачи в режиме редуктора. Таким образом, установлено, что при моменте на входном валу привода не более 240 Н·м и рациональных значениях чисел зубьев колес длина гибких элементов не превышает 150 мм, а их диаметр - 13 мм. Приведенная конструкция привода запорной трубопроводной арматуры с автоматическим переключением скоростей и методы ее расчета позволяют осуществить рациональное проектирование указанного механизма.
A desconcentração produtiva entre 2000 e 2015: uma nova dinâmica virtuosa? | The Productive Deconcentration between 2000 and 2015: A new virtuous dynamic?
Authors: Moraes Silvio Ribeiro de , Steinberger Marília
Published: April 2019

O processo de desconcentração produtiva que se iniciou por volta dos anos 1970 trouxe expectativas de um desenvolvimento regional mais equilibrado no Brasil. Após um ciclo virtuoso de desconcentração, durante o período do milagre econômico, o processo se arrefeceu, despertando preocupações acerca de uma repolarização produtiva na região Sudeste e de uma eminente fragmentação das economias regionais. O presente artigo, nesse contexto, defenderá, com o auxílio de estudos em perspectiva nacional e regional, que uma conjunção de fatores, como a reorientação político-institucional, o ciclo de crescimento econômico e o contexto internacional favorável, dentre outros, propiciou o surgimento de uma dinâmica mais acentuada de desconcentração produtiva no período entre 2000 e 2015.
Boom, Burst e Doom: O Complexo Petroquímico do Rio de Janeiro como catalisador do Desenvolvimento Urbano-Regional | Boom, Burst, and Doom: The Petrochemical Complex of Rio de Janeiro as Catalyzer of Urban-Regional Development
Authors: Da Silva Robson Dias , Zurita Clara Irazabal
Published: April 2019

O desenvolvimento liderado por recursos naturais é amplamente debatido por conta das dificuldades de se converter a riqueza mineral em maior bem-estar social. Assim, a construção do Complexo Petroquímico do Rio de Janeiro – COMPERJ no estado do Rio de Janeiro, o maior produtor brasileiro de petróleo e gás, foi empreendida como uma estratégia de superação dos efeitos da “maldição dos recursos naturais” através da  diversificação produtiva e melhoras urbanas em parte da periferia metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro reconhecida pelo déficit histórico de oportunidades de desenvolvimento social e infraestrutura urbana. Nesse contexto, o artigo analisa a trajetória do desenvolvimento urbano e regional na porção Leste da Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro entre 2006 e 2016, destacando as fases boom, burst e doom da dinâmica socioeconômica regional. O estudo assinala as principais características e objetivos do projeto, os desafios da região no momento do rompimento da “miragem” do crescimento liderado pela grande indústria, bem como as suas atuais condições. A análise sobre o COMPERJ e seus impactos regionais revelam os riscos e paradoxos de se investir nesse tipo de megaprojeto industrial como plataforma de promoção do desenvolvimento social para uma região sem maior diversificação econômica e planejamento urbano-regional.
Migração interna em tempos de crise no Brasil|Internal migration in times of crisis in Brazil
Authors: Dota Ednelson Mariano , Queiroz Silvana Nunes de
Published: April 2019

Em um cenário marcado pela crise econômica que atinge o Brasil desde 2011 – com aumento do desemprego e informalidade, após um decênio em que, apesar do baixo crescimento econômico, observou-se geração de postos de trabalho formais e relativa desconcentração da atividade econômica entre as regiões do país – este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a relação entre fluxos migratórios e conjuntura econômica, precisamente os impactos da recente crise econômica na migração de longa (inter-regional), média (intrarregional) e curta distância (intraestadual). Os resultados reforçam a importância do contexto econômico e demográfico para a dinâmica migratória, ao verificar queda no volume dos fluxos de longa e média distância e a intensificação dos fluxos de curta distância, além do retorno das trocas migratórias entre regiões a padrões de décadas anteriores, bem como mostra novas áreas de atração populacional.
FORMATION OF PLUM SEEDLINGS UNDER DRIP IRRIGATION IN CENTRAL NON-BLACK SOIL REGION OF RUSSIA
Authors: Dubenok Nikolai N , Gemonov Aleksandr V , Lebedev Aleksandr V , Glushenkova Elena V
Published: April 2019

The article presents the results of studying formation of plum seedlings under drip irrigation in conditions of the Central Non-Black Soil Region of Russia. Field research was carried out on the territory of the training and experimental farming, fruit-growing laboratory “Michurinsky Garden” of the Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy. The factors studied were soil irrigation regimes (60-80, 70-90, 80-100% of the lowest moisture capacity) and plum varieties (“Utro” and “Mashenka”). The results of the experiment showed that plum seedlings grown under conditions of insufficient and uneven moistening were characterized by the lowest biometric indices. The most severe lack of soil moisture was observed during intensive growth (May - early June). Insufficient and uneven moistening with intervals of reduced moistening leads to several growth waves in plants. In the seedlings grown under drip irrigation the second and third waves of growth were not observed. In irrigation variants, the root system of seedlings was mainly located in the upper arable layer of the soil which was best supplied with nutrients, had the lowest density and favorable air regime. Location of root system along the drip line and at the depth of 30 cm facilitated transferring seedlings to nurseries and ensured less damage to them during transplantation.
ASSESSMENT OF NITRITE LEVEL - NITRIC OXIDE DERIVATIVE - IN HORSES WITH INTESTINAL COLIC BY ESR SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: Artyushina Zinaida S , Abramov Pavel N , Polyansky Nikolai B , Tkachev Nikolai A , Serezhenkov Vladimir A
Published: April 2019

The pathogenesis of diseases of the digestive tract of horses, accompanied by the development of inflammation and oxidative stress, can be associated with a lack of nitrogen monoxide, which controls a variety of signaling pathways in the body. Nitrogen monoxide (NO) takes part in the work of the immune and nervous systems, its level directly determines the tone of all blood vessels and the course of many pathological processes. NO should be considered as one of the most important factors in the protection of the gastric and intestinal mucosa. The article describes in detail the method for determining the level of nitrite-nitric oxide metabolite - in diseases of horses with the symptom complex of “true” colic, and also presents the results of measurements of nitrite in the serum of healthy animals of two age groups: 1-5 years and 6-25 years and animals with pathology. The concentration of nitrite in blood serum in horses of the age group of 6-25 years was 3.42 ± 4.22 μM, while in young animals (1-5 years) the level of this indicator was 8.24 ± 5.42 μM, which is 2,4 times higher. A sharp decrease of nitrite was noted in all horses with intestinal diseases of 2.07 ± 0.9 μM, especially with meteorism 0.6 ± 0.4 μM and spastic colic 1.78 ± 0.5 μM. These facts determine the diagnostic and prognostic value of nitric oxide as a biomarker for the regulation of intestinal motility in normal and pathological conditions.
DE RITIS RATIO IN STOMACH TISSUES IN MIXED-AGE PURE-BRED PIGS, GROWN UP IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIFFERENT FARMS
Authors: Sudakova Diana P , Terentyeva Maiya G , Mardaryeva Nataliya V
Published: April 2019

The nature and intensity of age-related changes in the De Ritis coefficient, or the ratio of the enzyme aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase, in the tissues of the diverticulum, cardiac, fundal and pyloric parts of the stomach of purebred different-age pigs grown in different farms were studied. The activity of enzymes was determined by spectrophotometric method in the scientific laboratory of the “Chuvash State Agricultural Academy”. It was revealed that during the four-week weaning of pigs (under growing conditions of the pig complex), the nature and intensity of the age-related changes of the studied indicator have their own characteristics. At the same time, the value of the coefficient becomes more stable in piglets of both farms that are in the definitive or plant phase of feeding. The most intensive age-related changes in the De Ritis coefficient of purebred piglets grown under the conditions of the Student Scientific and Production Center “Student” are determined in the tissues of the diverticulum in the first phase of the milk-definitive diet (reduced by 33.8%). In the tissues of the cardiac part, in the second phase of the milk supply (increased by 31.2%). In the tissues of the fundus of the stomach, the De Ritis coefficient is more pronouncedly changing in the milky phase (increased by 2.3 times). In the tissues of the pyloric part - in the colostrum-milky phase of nutrition (increased by 2.1 times). The most intense age-related changes in the De Ritis coefficient of purebred piglets grown under pig farm conditions are detected in the tissues of the diverticulum in the first definitive phase of nutrition (increased by 1.7 times). In the tissues of the cardiac part of the stomach - in the first definitive phase of nutrition (increased by 3.4 times). In the tissues of the fundus of the stomach in piglets, the value of the coefficient changes more intensively only in the colostrum-milky phase of the diet (decreased by 51.4%). In the tissues of the pyloric part of the stomach, De Ritis coefficient with a high intensity changes in the second and third phases of the milk supply (increased by 3.0 times).
Analisis Keterlaksanaan Pendekatan Experiential Learning dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Keterampilan Proses Sains Siswa pada Materi Ikatan Kimia
Authors: Dewi Fatria , Efrianto Bayu , Afrida Afrida
Published: April 2019

The experiential learning achievement by teachers has a percentage of 79.17% is categorized well, the percentage of approaches by students is 76.68% is categorized well, and the percentage of students' science process skills is 71.95% is categorized well. The relationship of experiential learning approach with students' science process skill was obtained by rxy = 0,78973 with strong relationship level. The significance test is done by t test with thitung> ttable (6,812018> 2.048) with dk = 28 and α = 0.05, so H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. Based on the results of research that the implementation of experiential learning approaches well and there is influence experiential learning approach to students' science process skills on chemical bonding material in class X MIA 3 SMAN 1 Kota Jambi.

Keywords: Experiantal Learnig, Science Process Skill and Chemical Bonding
Desain Media Pembelajaran Menggunakan Software Adobe Flash Professional CS6 pada Materi Unsur Transisi Periode Keempat
Authors: Fajri Vonia Revi
Published: April 2019

The lack of use of computer technology as a instructional media is a problem that needs to be addressed in the world of education today because in the current era of globalization, the latest technology-based instructional media must be familiar. The purpose of this study is to see how the level of validity and practicality of instructional media designed using Adobe Flash Professional Creative Suite (CS) 6. This research refers to Research and Development with 4-D model (Define, Design, Development, and Dissemination) recommended by Thiagarajan. This research is done until third stage of development in the small-scale test. Data collection techniques used in the form of documentation and questionnaires. The data obtained come from 2 validators (material experts and media experts), 5 chemistry teachers, and 10 students from two high school namely SMA Negeri 8 Pekanbaru and SMA Negeri 1 Pekanbaru. The results showed that the instructional media designed using Adobe Flash Professional Creative Suite 6 software has a validity level by material experts by 90% with very valid criteria and validity level by the media expert of 83% with very valid criteria and the practicality level of teachers by 87% with very practical criteria and 90% practicality of students with very practical criteria.

 

Kata Kunci: The Design and Test, Instructional Media, Adobe Flash Professional CS6, Fourth Transition Material Elements Period
Aplikasi Learning Management System (LMS) pada Pengembangan Modul Elektronik Materi Atmosfer Bumi Menggunakan 3D Pageflip Professional
Authors: Sanova Aulia
Published: April 2019

This research aims to develop prototype design of an electronic module using 3D Pageflip Professional software based on LMS using moodle, especially on biogeochemical cycling material which is studied in Environmental Chemistry course. The learning process in this LMS accommodates some content with various vitur that is the course content that includes articles, module material that is packaged in the form of interactive flash animation, task / exam, and video learning and assignment to measure student achievement.

This research uses research and development design (Research and Development) modification Sugiyono. The subjects of the study are Chemistry Education Study Program which is determined by convenience sampling. The data taken are feasibility in terms of materials and media as well as student responsiveness to products that have been developed through questionnaires.

Expert response shows that Moodle-based e-learning using using e-modules for the Earth Atmosphere is very feasible in terms of media and material-worthy. The result of questionnaires of students' responses on small-scale trials shows that the majority of students respond positively where the students are very interested and respond if the application of LMS moodle is a form of innovation in alternative learning process.

 

Keywords : Learning Management System; Electronic Modul; Earth  Atmosphere
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR e-BOOK BERBASIS METAKOGNISI MENGGUNAKAN 3D PAGEFLIP PADA MATERI HUKUM-HUKUM DASAR KIMIA DAN STOIKIOMETRI DI KELAS X MIPA SMA NEGERI 1 MUARO JAMBI
Authors: Syahri Wilda , Muhaimin Muhaimin , Sirait Devi Trianauli
Published: April 2019

Assessment of the feasibility of the product performed by a lecturer of material expert, a lecturer of media expert, and a chemistry teacher. e-Book developed tested to small groups. The results of this research is an e-Book based metacognition developed using 3D PageFlip. Assessment of material expert, media expert, and chemistry teacher on e-Book based metacognition consecutive are score of 65 (very good), score of 65 (very good), and score of 71 (very good). As well as the results of the response of the students obtained the percentage of 85,4% (very good). Based on the results of research and discussion obtained the conclusion that e-Book based metacognition on the material basic laws of Chemistry and stoichiometry very well used as teaching material in learning chemistry.