bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hacia un esquema de análisis de la formulación de la política social de salud pública desde un enfoque socio-territorial temporal a partir de los instrumentos de planificación
Authors: Carvajal Jorge Enrique Martínez , Sossa Jin Anthony Cotrino
Published: December 2015

Garantizar  el derecho a la salud constituye uno de los mayores retos para el Estado Colombiano y una de las mayores causas de conflictividad social, si bien se han creado sistemas y mecanismos de protección, no han sido suficientes para satisfacer el acceso a dicho derecho. Sin embargo, con el proceso de descentralización  se han delegado competencias a entes territoriales que realizan actividades adicionales a lo estipulado en los requisitos mínimos sectoriales que define el Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social, respondiendo así, a la visión propia de los habitantes de un territorio sobre un problema.

 

Las iniciativas que se han emprendido en algunos casos, son innovadoras porque am- plían los servicios o definen nuevos mecanismos de intervención para lograr mayor efectividad en las actividades y proyectos de salud pública.

 

El objetivo del artículo es proponer un esquema de análisis en salud pública desde un enfoque socio-territorial temporal, el cual se aborda desde los instrumentos de planifica- ción sectorial y territorial, identificando las concordancias, desfases, continuidad y rup- turas entre estos, basándose en los determinantes en salud de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS).
Inversión y endeudamiento en Colombia: un análisis de financiación y sostenibilidad
Authors: Rodriguez Oscar Pérez
Published: December 2015

El sector financiero ha sido uno de los que han tenido mejor desempeño en años recientes, sustentado especialmente en un mayor endeudamiento privado y en mayores márgenes de intermediación, que le han permitido obtener ganancias por encima del promedio de la economía. Si bien esta dinámica se presenta como resultado de un buen manejo de la política económica y del dinamismo de nuestra economía, el carácter oligopólico del sector (que le permite imponer y discriminar precios) y la redistribución del ingreso que se genera entre deudores y acreedores, llevan a pensar que se puede estar generando un problema de inestabilidad financiera ante la reducción de los recursos disponibles para inversión y consumo una vez descontados los pagos de las obligaciones crediticias. Si esta hipótesis es cierta, el ritmo de gasto y crecimiento actual de la economía colom- biana se hace insostenible, y estaríamos acercándonos a una crisis de demanda efectiva y alto desempleo.
Eficiencia de la educación superior en Colombia: un análisis mediante fronteras
Authors: Murillo Ivan Rodríguez
Published: December 2015

Esta investigación evalúa el desempeño de las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) de Colombia, mediante la estimación de una Frontera de Posibilidades de Producción (FPP), que permite evaluar la eficiencia relativa y sus determinantes; también, se miden los factores externos que pueden influir en la calidad de la educación en Colombia. Para este fin, la metodología empleada es el Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) y el análisis de fronteras estocásticas (FE). Los resultados sugieren que variables como el nivel socioeconómico de los estudiantes determina la calidad educativa. Adicionalmente, se encuentra que la eficiencia de las IES vía DEA es en promedio 0,72, mientras que por medio de FE es de 0,87
Using Superpixels for Road Segmentation in Street View Images
Authors: Chacra David Abou , Zelek John
Published: December 2015

Google Street View is a useful database that houses a large amount of information. This information, however, is unlabelled. We explore the use of superpixel methods for segmentation of images in this database, specifically road segmentation.
„Unvollkommene Deckung“ von Leerverkäufen nach der VO (EU) Nr. 236/2012
Authors: Wansleben Till , Weick-Ludewig Verena
Published: December 2015

Leerverkäufe sind in der Europäischen Union durch die VO (EU) Nr. 236/2012 vom 14. 3. 2012 über Leerverkäufe und bestimmte Aspekte von Credit Default Swaps einheitlich reguliert. Die Verordnung verbietet u. a. ungedeckte Leerverkäufe von Aktien und öffentlichen Schuldtiteln und damit solche Leerverkäufe, für die der Leerverkäufer zum Zeitpunkt des Verkaufes nicht über eine geeignete Deckung verfügt. Als Deckungsinstrumente sind grundsätzlich auch „unvollkommene Deckungen“ geeignet, also Deckungen die aufgrund ihrer Ausgestaltung nicht zwangsläufig, sondern nur bedingt zur Lieferung einer Aktie führen (etwa Kaufoptionen). Es stellt sich damit die Frage, ob es für einen Leerverkäufer genügt, allein Inhaber einer „unvollkommenen Deckung“ zu sein oder ob er diese auch aktivieren muss, so dass eine Lieferung der Aktien aus dem Deckungsinstrument erfolgt. Der Beitrag analysiert diese Fragestellung; aus ihrer Beantwortung lassen sich weitergehende Schlüsse ziehen und ein vertieftes Verständnis der Leerverkaufsregulierung gewinnen. Dafür werden Systematik und Inhalt des Verbots ungedeckter Leerverkäufe und die Möglichkeiten zur Deckung derselben beleuchtet. Die Befunde zum Umgang mit „unvollkommenen Deckungen“ werden durch einen rechtsvergleichenden Blick in die Vereinigten Staaten und die Schweiz bewertet.
Pannus-related prosthetic valve dysfunction. Case Report
Authors: Moldovan Maria-Sînziana , Bedeleanu Daniela , Kovacs Emese , Ciumărnean Lorena , Molnar Adrian
Published: December 2015

Pannus-related prosthetic valve dysfunction, a complication of mechanical prosthetic valve replacement, is rare, with a slowly progressive evolution, but it can be acute, severe, requiring surgical reintervention. We present the case of a patient with a mechanical single disc aortic prosthesis, with moderate prosthesis-patient mismatch, minor pannus found on previous ultrasound examinations, who presented to our service with angina pain with a duration of 1 hour, subsequently interpreted as non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) syndrome. Coronarography showed normal epicardial coronary arteries, an ample movement of the prosthetic disc, without evidence of coronary thromboembolism, and Gated Single-Photon  Emission Computerized Tomography (SPECT) with Technetium (Tc)-99m detected no perfusion defects. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) evidenced a dysfunctional prosthesis due to a subvalvular mass; transesophageal echocardiography (TOE) showed the interference of this mass, with a pannus appearance, with the closure of the prosthetic disc. Under conditions of repeated angina episodes, under anticoagulant treatment, surgery was performed, with the intraoperative confirmation of pannus and its removal. Postoperative evolution was favorable. This case reflects the diagnostic and therapeutic management problems of pannus-related prosthetic valve dysfunction.
Otorrhagia as the initial presentation of an internal carotid artery aneurysm in the middle ear. Case presentation
Authors: Petri Maria , Dinescu Veronica , Necula Violeta , Cosgarea Marcel
Published: December 2015

AbstractA new case of a 50-year-old female who presented with left otorrhagia caused by an internal carotid aneurysm is reported. No medical history of  tinnitus, vertigo, otalgia or otorrhea. Middle ear surgery was effective in resolving bleeding and did not cause any permanent neurological deficit. High resolution computed tomography angiography is the technique of choice and, in some cases, can be complemented with a magnetic resonance  angiography. Misdiagnosis of the internal carotid artery aneurysm may lead to serious morbidity because of  bleeding or vascular occlusion.
Lethal case of Vipera bersus bite
Authors: Tranca Sebastian , Cocis Mihaela , Antal Oana
Published: December 2015

Adder bites are rare events, but they can be fatal. Three adder types are live in Romania - Vipera ammodytes, Vipera ursini and Vipera berus. Most adder bites happen during the summer with a peak incidence between July and August.Here we present the case of a 56 years old male patient who was bitten by an adder. The clinical presentation was severe from the beginning with a GCS of 3 points, respiratory and cardiovascular failure; despite of adequate treatment the patient developed multiorgan dysfunction and died 36 hours after the ICU admission.The aim of this report is to raise awareness that snake bites can have a life-threatening course and need immediate attention and medical care.
Early Repolarisation Syndrome – New Concepts
Authors: Katritsis Demosthenes G , Gersh Bernard J , Camm A John ,   Athens Euroclinic, Athens, Greece, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, US,   Mayo Medical School, Rochester, MN, US,   St George’s University of London, UK
Published: December 2015

New concepts regarding early repolarisation syndrome are presented. Genetics and epidemiology data, as well as new evidence on the potential clinical significance of early repolarisation patterns, are discussed.
Body Surface Mapping to Guide Atrial Fibrillation Ablation
Authors: Yamashita Seigo , Shah Ashok J , Mahida Saagar , Sellal Jean-Marc , Berte Benjamin , Hooks Darren , Frontera Antonio , Jefairix Nora Al , Wielandts Jean-Yves , Lim Han S , Amraoui Sana , Denis Arnaud , Derval Nicolas , Sacher Frédéric , Cochet Hubert , Hocini Mélèze , Jaïs Pierre , Haïssaguerre Michel ,   Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France,   Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France,   Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France,   Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France,   Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France,   Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France,   Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France,   Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France,   Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France,   Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France,   Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France,   Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France,   Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France,   Institut Liryc/Equipex Music, Université de Bordeaux-Inserm U1045, Pessac, France,   Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France,   Institut Liryc/Equipex Music, Université de Bordeaux-Inserm U1045, Pessac, France,   Institut Liryc/Equipex Music, Université de Bordeaux-Inserm U1045, Pessac, France,   Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France,   Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France,   Institut Liryc/Equipex Music, Université de Bordeaux-Inserm U1045, Pessac, France,   Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France,   Institut Liryc/Equipex Music, Université de Bordeaux-Inserm U1045, Pessac, France,   Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France,   Institut Liryc/Equipex Music, Université de Bordeaux-Inserm U1045, Pessac, France
Published: December 2015

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common rhythm disorder, and is strongly associated with thromboembolic events and heart failure. Over the past decade, catheter ablation of AF has advanced considerably with progressive improvement in success rates. However, interventional treatment is still challenging, especially for persistent and long-standing persistent AF. Recently, AF analysis using a non-invasive body surface mapping technique has been shown to identify localised reentrant and focal sources, which play an important role in driving and perpetuating AF. Non-invasive mapping-guided ablation has also been reported to be effective for persistent AF. In this review, we describe new clinical insights obtained from non-invasive mapping of persistent AF to guide catheter ablation.
Long-term Outcomes of Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation in Different Types of Structural Heart Disease
Authors: Liang Jackson J , Santangeli Pasquale , Callans David J ,   Electrophysiology Section, Cardiovascular Division, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, US,   Electrophysiology Section, Cardiovascular Division, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, US,   Electrophysiology Section, Cardiovascular Division, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, US
Published: December 2015

Ventricular tachycardia (VT) often occurs in the setting of structural heart disease and can affect patients with ischaemic or nonischaemic cardiomyopathies. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) provide mortality benefit and are therefore indicated for secondary prevention in patients with sustained VT, but they do not reduce arrhythmia burden. ICD shocks are associated with increased morbidity and mortality, and antiarrhythmic medications are often used to prevent recurrent episodes. Catheter ablation is an effective treatment option for patients with VT in the setting of structural heart disease and, when successful, can reduce the number of ICD shocks. However, whether VT ablation results in a mortality benefit remains unclear. We aim to review the long-term outcomes in patients with different types of structural heart disease treated with VT ablation.
Selecting the Appropriate Ablation Strategy: the Role of Endocardial and/or Epicardial Access
Authors: Njeim Mario , Bogun Frank ,   University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA,   University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Published: December 2015

Percutaneous catheter ablation has emerged as an effective treatment modality for the management of ventricular tachycardia. Despite years of progress in this field, the role of epicardial mapping and ablation needs to be further refined. In this review, we discuss the relationship between the type of underlying heart disease and the location of the arrythmogenic substrate as it pertains to a procedural approach. We describe the contribution of preprocedural and intraprocedural diagnostic tools for the localisation of the arrhythmogenic substrate, with a special emphasis on cardiac MRI and electrophysiological mapping. In our opinion, the preferred approach to target ventricular tachycardia should depend on the patient’s underlying heart disease and the location of scar tissue, which can be best visualised using cardiac MRI.
Syncope in Patients with Pacemakers
Authors: Sutton Richard ,   National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
Published: December 2015

Syncope in a pacemaker patient is a serious symptom but it is rarely due a pacemaker system malfunction. Syncope occurs in about 5 % of patients paced for atrioventricular (AV) block in 5 years, 18% in those paced for sinus node disease in 10 years, 20 % of those paced for carotid sinus syndrome in 5 years and 5–55 % of those older patients paced for vasovagal syncope in 2 years. The vastly different results in vasovagal syncope depend on the results of tilt testing, where those with negative tests approach results in pacing for AV block and those with a positive tilt test show no better results than with no pacemaker. The implication of tilt results is that a hypotensive tendency is clearly demonstrated by tilt positivity pointing to syncope recurrence with hypotension. This problem may be addressed by treatment with vasoconstrictor drugs in those who are suited or, more commonly, a reduction or cessation of hypotensive therapy in hypertensive patients. Other causes of syncope such as tachyarrhythmias are rare. The clinical approach to patients who report syncope is detailed.
Comparative and evolutionary insights into CD4 gene across mammalian and avian taxa
Authors: Khan Naazneen
Published: December 2015

The present day genetic architecture of a species bears much significance to its closely related species which is due to species-specific differences, shaped by different evolutionary forces across time scale. With the availability of whole genome sequence of several closely related species, it is now possible to infer evolutionary patterns of genes and genomes in specific lineages. To this respect, CD4 gene, primarily responsible for defensive mechanism in human, is conserved across a few taxa, and thus, comparative genomic studies could be useful for better understanding of host—pathogen biology. Comparative and evolutionary analyses were performed in eleven taxa (10 mammalian and avian) with different statistical algorithms. Phylogenetic inferences revealed recent divergence of human and chimpanzee, and pig was found to be diverged from rest of the taxa significantly. Additionally, gene length, microsatellites, and secondary structures were observed across taxa. The genetic architecture of CD4 gene and its evolutionary history in different mammalian taxa provide crucial evidence in support of the fact that this gene might have been evolving at a similar rate to other human immune system genes. Future population-based study and structural modeling would unravel the differential ability to interact with HIV virus and influence immune system in humans.
Acute TIPS occlusion due to iatrogenic arteriovenous shunt in a cirrhotic patient with total portal vein thrombosis
Authors: Hatzidakis Adam , Kouroumalis Elias , Kehagias Elias , Digenakis Emmanuel , Samonakis Dimitrios , Tsetis Dimitrios
Published: December 2015

A 69-year-old man with portal hypertension was admitted with decompensated alcoholic cirrhosis and diuretic resistant ascites. Ultrasound revealed partial portal thrombosis. Due to diuretic intolerance, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) was decided during which a hepatic arterial branch was inadvertently catheterized. Finally, TIPS was created, but the patient continued gaining weight. Color-Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) showed upper stent part patency with absence of flow in lower stent portion. Twenty-five days later, the patient presented melena. Endoscopy revealed blood emerging from the Vater papilla. Hepatic angiography revealed arteriovenous shunt between a hepatic arterial branch and the proximal part of the TIPS shunt. Covered stent placement restored sufficient TIPS flow. The patient deteriorated and died 1 month later. We found out that our major technical drawback was that we did not inject a small amount of contrast after puncturing the supposed portal vein, in order to confirm correct position of the needle.
Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea) of the Banhado dos Pachecos Wildlife Refuge, Uruguayan Savanna Ecoregion, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil
Authors: Caporale Andressa , Moreno Liana Bertoldi , Mega Nicolás Oliveira , Romanowski Helena Piccoli
Published: December 2015

The Pampa is a biome shared by Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay. Despite its high biodiversity, little is known about the invertebrate fauna. The few inventories done so far were conducted outside protected areas, which could result in underestimated real biodiversity. Thus, species inventories from protected areas should be done to serve as reference for conservation. Here we survey the butterflies occurring in the Banhado dos Pachecos Wildlife Refuge, Uruguayan Savanna, Brazil. Sampling was performed between April 2012 and March 2013. After 288 hours of sampling, 1,508 individuals from 113 species were sampled; five new species records for Rio Grande do Sul state and 12 for the Uruguayan Savanna were found. Richness among families was compared to other inventories and butterfly conservation discussed concerning the conversion of grasslands into croplands/pastures. The evidence presented supports that the Pampa is a fragile environment under the pressure of habitat conversion. Biodiversity studies in fragmented areas are needed to provide essential information for conservation programs.
Ordinary Oblivion and the Self Unmoored: Reading Plato’s Phaedrus and Writing the Soul by Jennifer R. Rapp
Authors: Micheelsen Lisa
Published: December 2015

Ordinary Oblivion and the Self Unmoored: Reading Plato’s Phaedrus and Writing the Soul by Jennifer R. Rapp. Fordham University Press, 2014. 224pp. Hb. $55. ISBN-13: 9780823257430.
Energy-Efficient Algorithms for k-Barrier Coverage In Mobile Sensor Networks
Authors: Ban Dongsong , Yang Wei , Jiang Jie , Wen Jun , Dou Wenhua
Published: December 2015

Barrier coverage is an appropriate coverage model for intrusion detection by constructing sensor barriers in wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we focus on the problem how to relocate mobile sensors to construct k sensor barriers with minimum energy consumption. We first analyze this problem, give its Integer Linear Programming(ILP) model and prove it to be NP-hard. Then we devise an approximation algorithm AHGB to construct one sensor barrier energy-efficiently, simulations show that the solution of AHGB is close to the optimal solution. Based on AHGB, a Divide-and-Conquer algorithm is proposed to achieve k-barrier coverage for large sensor networks. Simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the Divide-and-Conquer algorithm.
In Reply
Authors: Morgans Alicia , Schapira Lidia
Published: December 2015

Addressing the complications of caring for patients with cancer is a lifelong challenge for oncologists. Creating and maintaining a supportive culture means recognizing the stresses that stem from constant exposure to grief and loss and acknowledging our own feelings in this process.
Moisture uptake in concrete under freezing–thawing exposure
Authors: Liu Zhichao , Hansen Will
Published: December 2015

Freezing–thawing (F–T) exposure produces higher absorption in concrete than an isothermal condition. This work investigated the moisture absorption characteristics in different air-entrained concrete mixtures under two exposure conditions (water and a 3% salt solution) by simultaneously monitoring the weight change, mass loss and internal damage of 100 × 100 × 70 mm concrete blocks subjected to repetitive F–T cycles. The results indicate that permanent bulk moisture uptake is primarily a result of the accelerated saturation of poorly connected capillary pores, the slow filling of entrained air voids in concrete mixes with sufficient air entrainment, or the re-saturation of newly generated cracks in concrete with poor frost resistance. No detectable discrepancy was observed in moisture uptake between water and salt exposures, but the mass loss difference was found to be substantial. The measured bulk absorption is not a reliable predictor for salt frost scaling resistance, since it reflects the universal moisture condition in the specimen while scaling deterioration is dominated by the degree of saturation in a thin surface region.
LEADING CHANGES IN ASSESSMENT USING AN EVIDENCE BASED APPROACH
Authors: Macaulay J. O. , Speed C. J. , Dimitropoulos A. , Simpson C. M.
Published: December 2015

Introduction and objectivesIt is has been widely accepted that assessment of learning is a critical component of education and that assessment drives/guides student learning through shaping study habits and student approaches to learning. However, although most academics would agree that assessment is a critical aspect of their roles as teachers it is often an aspect of teaching that is regarded more as an additional task rather than an integral component of the teaching/learning continuum. An additional impediment to high quality assessment is the non-evidence based-approach to the decision making process. The overall aim of this project was to improve the quality of assessment in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology undergraduate education by promoting high quality assessment.Materials and methodsTo do this we developed and trialled an audit tool for mapping assessment practices. The audit tool was designed to gather data on current assessment practices and identify areas of good practice in which assessment aligned with the learning objectives and areas in need of improvement. This evidence base will then be used to drive change in assessment.Results and conclusionsUsing the assessment mapping tool we have mapped the assessment regime in a Biochemistry and Molecular Biology major at Monash University. Criteria used included: assessment type, format, timing, assessors, provision of feedback, level of learning (Bloom’s), approaches taken to planning assessment. We have mapped assessment of content and the systematic development of higher order learning and skills progression throughout the program of study. The data has enabled us to examine the assessment at unit (course) level as well as the vertical development across the major. This information is now being used to inform a review of the units and the major.
Hobby with Biochemistry: Use of active learning methodology in Biochemistry at the Medical School
Authors: Prado S. R.T.
Published: December 2015

Introduction and objectives: The learning of Biochemistry is generally considered difficult by the graduates, because studies the molecular level the metabolism of living and it demands a great capacity for abstraction by students. Thus, researchers have tried alternative methods to provid an alternative study method. Materials and methods: 178 students of the School of Medicine, PUC-PR, that course the disciplines of Medical Biochemistry I and II, were divided into 50 groups, each with 3-4 students, and were have to draw up a hobby activity with a specific theme of the Biochemistry. The selected topics were, amino acids and proteins, enzymes, cellular respiration, glycogen metabolism, gluconeogenesis, lipid metabolism, metabolic integration, dyslipidemia and atherogenesis, pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome, mechanisms of diabetes mellitus complications. The hobby activities chosen were direct, duplex, self-defined, cryptogram, bugs game. Both issues such as the type of hobby was drawn between groups. The groups had to: elaborate hobby; presents it to class orally, applying the questions prepared; printing and expose the hobby at the wall in the University; answer an evaluation regarding the preparation of work; and all groups should get together and organize one titled magazine "Hobby with Biochemistry" and deliver it printed. Results and conclusions: According the groups, the greatest difficulty was the adequacy of the questions posed in the required format, once they had only one issue and restricted space for the responses. Furthermore, the formatting was also identified as a point very difficult in activity elaboration. On the topic of learning through the development of work, and/or a new skill groups assigned grades ranging between 7.0 and 10.0 and about 90% of the groups attributed note 10 on satisfaction of seeing the work done and its ability to produce it. According to the results, the activity proved to be an efficient tool to develop different skills desired profile of student teaching the course project, and a different learning opportunity for the student.
VISUALIZATION APPROACH TO STRUCTURE-FUNCTION RELATIONSHIP IN BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
Authors: Luetić M. , Bezić N. , Pavela-Vrančić M.
Published: December 2015

Introduction: Most of recent research in the field of education strongly recommends the use of visualization in the daily teacher’s practice, especially when it comes to teaching science. Objectives: We investigated the impact of different kinds of visualization on student’s accomplishments, and the relationship between 2D and 3D visualization on the learning outcomes in biochemistry teaching, as well as gender-related differences in 2D vs 3D perception abilities. Materials and Methods: The research study was conducted on a sample of 149 senior secondary school students, devided into three groups: control group (usual teaching approach), and two experimental groups taught using different kinds of visualization: E1 (2D and 3D static visualization tools), and E2 (3D dynamic visualization tools, in addition). Discussion and results: We measured the students’ learning outcomes in biochemistry, as well as the level of satisfaction with different teaching methods. The data were interpreted by performing statistical measures and analyses. In order to validate our hypothesis, we used one-tail and two-tail ANOVA analyses (along with the t-test).Conclusions: There was no statistical significance regarding 2D vs 3D visualization tools in biochemistry teaching. Although there existed some gender-related differences in students’ achievements (in favor of females), it was not established that they were related to the type of visualization (2D or 3D) tools applied. However students from the E2 group (additional computer animations) were more interested and involved in this kind of teaching. Although the results do not show a statistical significance in favor of 3D visualization, we must conclude that in teaching biochemistry it is certainly a more efficient approach than traditional teacher-oriented lessons. By using this kind of visualization tools in everyday teaching practice, chemistry teachers are given the opportunity to enlighten students with somewhat complex and abstract biochemical concepts.
Symposium 20 - PABMB: Teaching biochemistry in a connected world: Using "raw" online data derived from global gene expression experiments for postgraduate teaching activities
Authors: Silveira Jose R. Sotelo
Published: December 2015

Symposium 20 - PABMB: Teaching biochemistry in a connected world Chair: Miguel Castanho, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal Abstrat:Understanding published data and fine tuning thoughts and ideas pertaining to a scientific subject to perform a leap forward leading to original knowledge is a central task in scientific life. This is a key step for a PhD student in order to develop hypothesis for future work. Genomics has open interesting possibilities regarding the process of the interpretation of data generated in labs all over the world. On one side, final figures presented in publications are usually interpreted intuitively from the non-trained eye perspective. On the other side, the “raw” data that originated the final figure is available to be re-analyzed in a scientific or in a teaching context. The gap between the two sides mentioned represents a fertile ground to teaching activities. Reproducing the analysis pipeline usually enhances not only the interpretation of genomics results but the so much needed intuitive driving force of generating ideas when confronted with experimental results. This in turn will strengthen the student’s expertise in relating and understanding the actual data generated and the interpretation of results through a chain of informatics processes applied to it.  In addition, re-analysis, may lead into the exploration of perspectives the original authors left behind in their publication and also to deeper critique on the criteria used to process and select data to show to support the main conclusions obtained. The presentation will summarize four years of implementing postgraduate activities in genomics trying to show that the large sets of data available can be used to teach complex data analysis pipelines and stimulate intuitive and fact driven thinking in our postgraduate students.
Mathematics learning opportunities when playing a Tower Defense Game
Authors: Hernàndez-Sabaté Aura , Joanpere Meritxell , Gorgorió Núria , Albarracín Lluís
Published: December 2015

A qualitative research study is presented herein with the purpose of identifying mathematics learning opportunities in a commercial version of a Tower Defense game. These learning opportunities are understood as mathematicisable moments of the game and involve the establishment of relationships between the game and mathematical problem solving. Based on the analysis of the nature of these mathematicisable moments, we present several design options that are being implemented in a didactic version of a Tower Defense game.
Los cuentos novela en Aragón y La Rioja (España)
Authors: González Sanz Carlos
Published: December 2015

Como paso previo para la presentación del repertorio de los relatos recogidos y de los cuentos tipo catalogados en Aragón y La Rioja —en este último caso, a partir de la colaboración del autor en la clasificación de los cuentos recopilados y editados por el folclorista Javier Asensio en esta comunidad autónoma—, se propone una reflexión acerca del subgénero de los cuentos novela. Para ello se parte de la definición que Carme Oriol ofrece en su obra Introducció a l’etnopoètica. Teoria i formes del folklore en la cultura catalana y se tienen en cuenta las críticas a la etnopoética que Luis Beltrán expone en «Géneros y estéticas en la literatura tradicional», de las que se concluye que, junto a las características de los cuentos novela o cuentos de ingenio que señala Carme Oriol, deben considerarse también su carácter de género bajo, su naturaleza mixta serio-cómica y la naturaleza idílica de los relatos del conflicto familiar. Por lo que respecta a los cuentos novela aragoneses y riojanos, se destaca, en particular, que una amplia mayoría de ellos responden claramente a la función educativa y sapiencial propia de este género, siendo el ingenio y el buen consejo los principales valores que ofrecían a sus receptores.***Com a pas previ per a presentar el repertori dels relats recollits i dels contes-tipus catalogats a Aragó i La Rioja — en aquest darrer cas, a partir de la col·laboració de l’autor en la classificació de les rondalles recopilades i editades pel folklorista Javier Asensio en aquesta comunitat autònoma—, es proposa una reflexió sobre el subgènere de les rondalles d’enginy. Es parteix per a fer-ho de la definició que Carme Oriol dóna en la seva obra Introducció a l’etnopoètica. Teoria i formes del folklore en la cultura catalana i es tenen en compte les crítiques a l’etnopoètica que Luis Beltrán exposa a «Géneros y estéticas en la literatura tradicional», concloent que, juntament amb les característiques de les rondalles d’enginy que assenyala Carme Oriol, s’han de considerar també el seu caràcter de gènere baix, la seva naturalesa mixta seriosa i còmica i la naturalesa idíl·lica dels relats del conflicte familiar. Pel que fa a les rondalles d’enginy aragoneses i de La Rioja, es destaca, en particular, que una àmplia majoria d’aquestes responen clarament a la funció educativa i sapiencial, pròpia d’aquest gènere, sent l’enginy i el bon consell els principals valors que aquestes rondalles oferien als seus receptors.
Willem II of Floris de Voogd?
Authors: Cordfunke Erik H.P. , Maat George J.R.
Published: December 2015

William II or Florence the GuardianWilliam II, count of Holland and King of the Holy Roman Empire from 1247 to 1256, the year in which he was murdered by rebellious West-Frisians, was buried in the abbey of Middelburg. After the Reformation the abbey church was transformed into a Protestant church and the shrine of William II was forgotten. However, it was rediscovered in 1817 in a niche in the south wall where it was hidden until then by a brick wall. Soon after the discovery an ongoing dispute among historians about the identity of the skeleton took place because a tombstone in the niche had only the arms of the counts of Holland. This suggested that the skeleton could not be that of William II but of his younger brother Floris the Guardian (†1258). The arguments for both possibilities will be discussed in this article together with the results of modern scientific investigation of the skeleton made in 2011. Based on all available information we conclude that it is that of William II. This article is part of the discussion forum 'At the Meeting Point of Historical Disciplines'. Willem II, graaf van Holland en Roomskoning van 1247 tot 1256, het jaar waarin hij tijdens een expeditie naar het opstandige West-Friesland werd vermoord, was bijgezet in de abdijkerk van Middelburg, in een kist boven de grond. Na de Reformatie werd de abdijkerk voor de protestantse eredienst ingericht. De plaats waar de kist stond raakte in vergetelheid tot hij in 1817 werd ontdekt in een nis in de zuidwand van de kerk, verborgen achter een bakstenen muur. Al spoedig na de ontdekking ontstond een nog altijd voortdurende discussie over de identiteit van het skelet. De aanwezigheid van een zerk in de nis, waarop een ridderfiguur met alleen het wapen van de graven van Holland deed sommige historici veronderstellen dat het aangetroffen skelet niet van Willem II zou zijn, maar dat van zijn broer Floris de Voogd (†1258). De argumenten voor en tegen worden in deze bijdrage besproken, tezamen met de resultaten van het natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek dat in 2011 kon worden uitgevoerd. De aldus verkregen gegevens laten ons inziens geen andere conclusie toe dan dat het onderzochte skelet dat van Willem II is. Dit artikel maakt deel uit van het discussiedossier 'Op het raakvlak van historische disciplines'.
Restoration in Java 1815-1830: A Review
Authors: Schrikker Alicia
Published: December 2015

This essay reviews the historiographical trends and voids in William I’s restoration on Java. William I’s policy for Java was changeable and swung between liberal and conservative within fifteen years. It is argued that William I’s changeable policy can best be understood through the enlightened rhetoric of progress that was en vogue among all colonial ideologues at the time, rather than through the more traditional dichotomy of liberalism and conservatism. However, when one wants to understand to what extent restoration implied change in colonial experience historians will have to dig deeper. Ultimately though, the essay argues that it is regrettable that the literature on this crucial period of colonial rule in Java is still fragmented and is often written in isolation from debates on restoration in the Netherlands or colonial experiences elsewhere, and vice versa.Restauratie op Java 1815-1830. Een overzichtDit essay neemt de recente historiografie over de restauratie van de Nederlandse macht op Java onder Willem I in de periode 1815-1830 onder de loep. Historici hebben er moeite mee om het ogenschijnlijk grillige beleid, dat zich in deze jaren bewoog tussen liberale en conservatieve uitersten, te interpreteren. Ze laten zich nog te vaak verleiden tot een reproductie van de liberale en conservatieve tegenstellingen uit de tijd zelf. Dit essay beschouwt zowel de politiek-intellectuele bronnen van dit beleid, als de meer praktische kant van staatsvorming in deze periode. Het betoogt dat Willem I’s wisselvallige beleid eigenlijk het best begrepen kan worden vanuit de verlichte vooruitgangsidealen die voor koloniale ideologen binnen en buiten Nederland in de periode gemeengoed waren. Om de impact en dagelijkse praktijk van deze periode van restauratie werkelijk te begrijpen zullen historici echter dieper moeten graven. Dit essay biedt een aantal handreikingen in die richting, geïnspireerd op Brits-Indiase koloniale historiografie en ontwikkelingen in de historiografie over Nederland in deze periode.
Isolation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Adipose Tissue
Authors: Harsan Harsan , Mariya Silmi , Islam Andi Asadul , Wahjoepramono Eka Julianta , Yusuf Irawan
Published: December 2015

BACKGROUND: In searching for the best source of stem cells, researcher found adipose stem cells as one of the ideal source due to its easiness in harvesting and its potential for differentiating into other cell lineage.METHODS: We isolated stem cells from adipose tissue, cultured and confirmed its immunophenotype using polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS: Cluster of differentiation (CD)44, CD73, CD90, CD105 were expressed, which represent immunophenotype of mesenchymal stem cells. CONCLUSION: Mesenchymal stem cells can be isolated from adipose tissue. KEYWORDS: adipose, mesenchymal stem cells, isolation, immunophenotype
Does a Long Reference List Guarantee More Citations? Analysis of Malaysian Highly Cited and Review Papers
Authors: Ale Ebrahim Nader , Ebrahimian H. , Mousavi Maryam , Tahriri Farzad
Published: December 2015

Earlier publications have shown that the number of references as well as the number of received citations are field-dependent. Consequently, a long reference list may lead to more citations. The purpose of this article is to study the concrete relationship between number of references and citation counts. This article tries to find an answer for the concrete case of Malaysian highly cited papers and Malaysian review papers. Malaysian paper is a paper with at least one Malaysian affilation. A total of 2466 papers consisting of two sets, namely 1966 review papers and 500 highly-cited articles, are studied. The statistical analysis shows that an increase in the number of references leads to a slight increase in the number of citations. Yet, this increase is not statistically significant. Therefore, a researcher should not try to increase the number of received citations by artificially increasing the number of references.
Vulvodynia as a pain syndrome associated with the pelvic floor muscles dysfunction
Authors: Pasek Jarosław , Baszak-Radomańska Ewa , Nowosad Marta , Błaziak Liliana , Sieroń Aleksander
Published: December 2015

Wulwodynia (łac. vulva – srom) to przewlekły zespół bólowy, występujący u 5–13% kobiet, trwający minimum 3–6 miesięcy. Dolegliwości mogą obejmować srom, pochwę, odbyt, a nawet pośladki. Ból bywa różnie nasilony i miewa różną, czasem niedokładnie określoną lokalizację (wulwodynia nieprowokowana). Jeśli dolegliwości pojawiają się w odpowiedzi na dotyk, określane są jako wulwodynia prowokowana i zazwyczaj związane są z aktywnością seksualną (dyspareunia). Wulwodynia jest rzadko rozpoznawana z powodu niewielkiej wiedzy na jej temat, niejasnej etiologii oraz trudności w różnicowaniu z innymi chorobami obejmującymi pochwę i srom. Istnieje wiele czynników mogących powodować dolegliwości, jednak u 80% kobiet pierwotnie lub wtórnie występują niestabilność i wzmożone napięcie mięśni dna miednicy. Istnieją dwa potencjalne mechanizmy, przez które nadmierna aktywacja mięśni powoduje sensytyzację (nadmierną wrażliwość na bodziec) i ból. Jest to niedotlenienie mięśni i obecność punktów spustowych (trigger points) w tkance mięśniowej, podwięziach i więzadłach. Ważnym elementem diagnozy jest wyeliminowanie chorób sromu i pochwy, np. przenoszonych drogą płciową, chorób skóry, chorób neurologicznych, ortopedycznych i reumatologicznych, nowotworów czy reakcji alergicznych. Wulwodynia jest chorobą z wykluczenia innych przyczyn powodujących ból sromu. W pracy przedstawiono etiologię, klasyfikację oraz najczęstsze metody leczenia wulvodynii.
Selected adipocytokines and their potential role in the control of the course
of chronic hepatitis B and C
Authors: Olszok Joanna , Wyganowska Anna , Tarabura-Dragon Joanna , Mazur Franciszek , Nowak Mariusz
Published: December 2015

Przewlekłe wirusowe zapalenie wątroby (WZW) typu B i C należą do najczęstszych chorób wątroby. Długotrwały proces martwiczo-zapalny może prowadzić do groźnych dla życia powikłań, choć u niektórych pacjentów stan wątroby jest stabilny przez wiele lat. Ze względu na zróżnicowane rokowanie w przebiegu przewlekłego wirusowego zapalenia wątroby (PWZW) typu B i C, poszukuje się obecnie dodatkowych czynników hamujących postęp tych chorób. Obiektem wielu badań stały się adipocytokiny, substancje o wielokierunkowym oddziaływaniu, wytwarzane m.in. przez komórki tkanki tłuszczowej. W pracy przedstawiono wzajemne zależności wybranych adipocytokin i WZW typu B i C oraz potencjalne wykorzystanie tej wiedzy w praktyce lekarskiej.
The functioning of hospital laboratories in chosen hospitals
Authors: Żuk Anna , Pleskacz Agnieszka , Bialik Włodzimierz , Janiec Robert
Published: December 2015

Wstęp

Laboratoria szpitalne, dostarczając lekarzom wiarygodne wyniki dotyczące stanu zdrowia pacjenta, umożliwiają szybsze podejmowanie właściwych decyzji, wpływając na powodzenie terapii. Standardy i wymogi dla laboratoriów diagnostycznych określone są w ustawach i rozporządzeniach Ministra Zdrowia. Aby laboratorium diagnostyczne funkcjonowało prawidłowo, musi stosować się do wymogów prawnych i spełniać określone standardy w zakresie organizacji, wyposażenia, zapewniania wysokiej jakości usług laboratoryjnych oraz zatrudniania profesjonalnej kadry. Prawidłowa praca laboratorium przekłada się na uzyskanie wiarygodnych wyników.

Materiał i metody

Badanie miało charakter ankietowy. Jego celem było przedstawienie funkcjonowania laboratoriów w wybranych szpitalach wojewódzkich na terenie województwa śląskiego. W badaniu wykorzystano przygoto-waną zgodnie z wymogami psychometrycznymi własną ankietę autorską, zawierającą 51 pytań kierowanych do personelu laboratoriów szpitalnych.

Wyniki

Badane laboratoria nie posiadają pracowni specjalistycznych poza pracownią cytologii i bakteriologiczną, dlatego korzystają z usług innych laboratoriów wykonujących specjalistyczne badania. Większość laboratoriów nie ma akredytacji, a zlecenia na badania i wyniki mają postać papierową i elektroniczną. Dobrze rozwinięta jest szybka diagnostyka, a czas uzyskania wyniku w badaniach pilnych nie przekracza 1 godziny.

Wnioski

Badane laboratoria szpitalne spełniają wymogi ustawowe i wyznaczone standardy, przestrzegają przepisów prawnych dotyczących wykonywania czynności diagnostyki laboratoryjnej, stosują procesy mające na celu ciągłe doskonalenie jakości wykonywanych usług.
Hypercalcaemia in selected lympho- and myeloproliferative malignancies –
– pathophysiology, diagnostic approach and treatment
Authors: Kata Dariusz , Sawicka Magdalena , Torba Karolina , Kyrcz-Krzemień Sławomira
Published: December 2015

Hiperkalcemia jest poważnym powikłaniem metabolicznym rozwijającym się w przebiegu wielu chorób nowotworowych – w hematologii najczęściej spotykana jest w szpiczaku plazmocytowym, rzadziej w chłoniakach niehodgkinowskich i chorobie Hodgkina oraz w ostrych i przewlekłych schorzeniach mieloproliferacyjnych. Mechanizm patogenetyczny hiperkalcemii jest złożony – za kluczowy proces uważa się wzrost aktywności osteoklastów, wynikający z zaburzeń w układzie: ligand receptora aktywującego czynnik transkrypcyjny NF-kappaB (RANKL), jego receptor (RANK) i osteoprotegeryna (OPG). Poza tym zidentyfikowano wiele innych czynników, w różnym stopniu zangażowanych w rozwój hiperkalcemii, w zależności od typu choroby – hormony (m.in. białko podobne do parathormonu), aktywne metabolity witaminy D, cytokiny/chemokiny i ich receptory oraz czynniki transkrypcyjne. W pracy przedstawiono współczesne poglądy na patogenezę hiperkalcemii, symptomatologię oraz aktualnie stosowane i pozostające w fazie badań metody jej leczenia.
State of prevention of eye diseases in selected group of children from Silesian Voivodeship – preliminary communication
Authors: Wisłocka Lilianna , Stożek Anna , Kurzak Ewa , Pojda-Wilczek Dorota
Published: December 2015

Wstęp

Objawy chorób oczu u dzieci mogą pozostać niezauważone, co może mieć wpływ na późniejsze problemy w nauce i dorosłym życiu. Wczesna korekcja wady daje szansę na pełne wyleczenie.

Materiał i metody

Narzędzie badawcze stanowiła anonimowa, autorska ankieta, skierowana do rodziców grupy dzieci województwa śląskiego. Badaniem objęto 603 rodziców dzieci w wieku 2–10 lat (śr. 4,84 ± 1,47). Ankieta zawierała 11 pytań otwartych i zamkniętych dotyczących stanu profilaktyki chorób narządu wzroku. Uzyskane wyniki poddano analizie statystycznej.

Wyniki

W analizowanej grupie 262 dzieci (43,45%) było przynajmniej raz w życiu badane przez okulistę. Średni wiek dziecka podczas wizyty wynosił 3,06 ± 1,71 roku, 94 (35,88%) dzieci było badanych powyżej 4 roku życia. Dla 101 dzieci była to wizyta profilaktyczna, dla 142 powodem pierwszej wizyty u okulisty były dolegliwości lub niepokojące objawy. Wadę wzroku dziecka deklarowało 52 (8,62%) ankietowanych rodziców, grupy tej 44 dzieci nosi/nosiło wcześniej okulary. W badanej grupie najczęściej zgłaszano występowanie zeza – 33 (5,47%). Regularne wizyty dziecka u okulisty zgłosiło 70 (11,61%) rodziców – najczęściej z powodu kontroli wady wzroku (n = 28) oraz profilaktyki (n = 25). 242 (40,13%) dzieci nie miało nigdy badanej ostrości wzroku, u 170 (28,2%) ostrość wzroku badał okulista, u 112 (18,6%) pediatra lub lekarz rodzinny. Objawy wymagające konsultacji okulistycznej wymieniało 212 (35,16%) rodziców. Głównymi źródłami informacji dla rodziców na ten temat są: lekarz (28,9%), Internet (27,5%), prasa (18,2%).

Wnioski

1. Profilaktyka chorób narządu wzroku u dzieci w wieku przedszkolnym jest niewystarczająca.
2. Poziom wiedzy rodziców w zakresie profilaktyki chorób oczu i wad wzroku u dzieci jest niski.