bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shifting identities through switching codes: A close look at the social languages of pre-service English teachers in an Indonesian context
Authors: Riyanti Dwi
Published: September 2020

The globalization of English has undoubtedly brought shifts into how the English language is taught in classroom settings and how English teachers are prepared. In English as a foreign language (EFL) settings, for example, teaching and learning English is generally influenced by local contexts. Taking into account the sociocultural contexts of the learners and the teachers, identity construction becomes one important aspect in the process of English teaching and learning. Focusing on the microanalysis of social language uses, the study was aimed to understand how pre-service teachers of English as a foreign language in a multilingual setting, Indonesia, enact their identities through their language use in classroom settings. The data for this study was obtained from a classroom observation where an English pre-service teacher was performing peer teaching. The discourse analysis of the first thirteen minutes of a pre-service teacher's teaching demonstration indicates that multiple identities were enacted when the student teacher switched from one language to another. The pervasive use of code-switching in four different languages (Indonesian, English, Arabic, and Malay) provides clues that Mamas, a student teacher's pseudonym in the study was enacting different identities as he taught his peers. While further research is absolutely necessary to obtain more vivid pictures of the reasons behind using multiple languages in teaching English within this context, the study provides insight about how pre-service teachers in an Indonesian context try to develop identities as they learn to teach English.
Recultured language in Indonesian English Language Teaching
Authors: Stockton Richard J.
Published: September 2020

While historically language and culture had been seen as separable, since Whorfianism they have commonly been viewed as intertwined. Today however, opposing political ideologies surprisingly work together to dissociate English language in ELT in Indonesia from its cultural background. They are the influence of globalist critical theory/political correctness which seeks not to oppressively impose Westernization, and the rise of nationalism, with its traditionalist education reemphasizing religion and the nation and disidentifying with Western values, fearing them a threat to local ones. The trend can be seen in the 2013 curriculum with its character-based curriculum, Indonesian teaching practice, and use of locally produced materials. Assessment using Purnell’s cultural competence model of widely used locally produced textbooks, Scaffolding (2008), Bright (2014), and Bahasa Inggris (2014), shows English in Indonesian ELT being stripped of liberal Anglo-American Western culture and values and recultured with Indonesian. The varieties of Englishes coming out of the process, Indonesian English and Islamic English, are not threatening to local language and culture as some have feared English is. Recultured English seems to put ELT at the service of nationalism, something English teaching may be caught off guard by. TESOL may prepare by becoming aware of traditionalist approaches to education.
A Study of Relationship between Hopelessness and Coping Strategies in Cancer Patients
Authors: Rizvi Touseef
Published: September 2020

Although cancer patients often experience hopelessness and other psychological problems, research on hopelessness and coping strategies is rare. The objectives of this study were to identify the levels of hopelessness experienced and the coping strategies used by breast, colorectal and stomach cancer patients.200 cancer patients (92 disfigured and 108 non-disfigured were included in the sample. Patients completed the sample survey packets comprising of Beck’s Hopelessness Scale (Beck, 1974) and Ways of Coping Questionnaire (Lazarus & Folkman, 1988). Majority of the cancer patients were in moderate level of hopelessness. Seeking social support coping strategy was used most often by the cancer patients and Confrontive coping strategy was used the least. Significant negative correlation existed between hopelessness and use of coping strategies viz. distancing, self-controlling, accepting responsibility, Planful problem solving and positive reappraisal. t-test revealed more hopelessness in disfigured group of cancer patients. t-test also revealed that self-controlling and positive reappraisal coping strategies were used less by disfigured group of cancer patients.
Socio-Demographic Profile and Self-Injurious Behavior among Patients with Mania at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Versi L
Published: September 2020

Background: Mania is a common mood disorder. Mania associated with distractibility, irritability, impulsive behavior, great physical and mental activity. Irritability and impulsive behavior can lead to variable degree of self-injurious behavior. Self-injurious behavior more troublesome to patient and family members, there is a lack of proper research in the field of self-injurious behavior and mania. Objective: To assess the sociodemographic profile of self- injurious behavior in mania and self- injurious behavior in relation to severity of mania. Methods: Present study was a hospital based cross sectional study. The study was conducted at a tertiary care psychiatric hospital for a period of 6 months. 40 Patients with bipolar affective disorder with currently Mania with or without psychosis were included in the study. Patients with other psychiatric disorder were excluded from the study. Results: The mean age of study subjects was 29.75+7.012. The overall prevalence of self-injurious behavior among patients with mania was 37.5%. Cutting was seen in 4 males and 4 female patients. Burned with a cigarette and Burned with a lighter was seen only in one male patient. The age of onset of cutting and banged was seen at around 26 years of age. Total duration of mania for cutting was around 14 years and 17 years for head banged. Conclusion: The overall prevalence of self-injurious behavior among patients with mania was 37.5%. This was more in females as compared to males. But the difference is narrow and cannot be statistically significant.
Difference between Leaders and Subordinates of Lower Level Employees in Police on Work Motivation
Authors: Singh Shiv Mangal
Published: September 2020

This study aims at accessing the difference in Work Motivation of leaders and subordinates at lower level of police personnel. 30 leaders and 210 subordinates were selected from the lower level of police organization. The 1:7 ratio was followed to select the sample. The Work Motivation scale developed by K.G. Aggarwal (1988) was used. Mean, SD and t-test was used to analyse the data. Lower level leaders were significantly higher on work motivation than their subordinates. Leaders were higher than their subordinates on organizational orientation, work group relations, psychological work incentives, material incentives and job situations. Social locations or socially important positions (leaders) play an important role for greater work motivation both lower and higher order needs fulfillment.
Caregiver Burden among Adults Caring For People Living With HIV/AIDS in Mysuru
Authors: Lakshmi Arun , Ravikumar M B , Kumarswamy. B. S
Published: September 2020

National Aids Control Organization (NACO) annual report 2016-17, as per the India HIV Estimation 2015 report, adult (15-49 years) HIV prevalence in India was estimated at 0.26% in 2015. In 2015, adult HIV prevalence was estimated at 0.30% among males and at 0.22 % among females. The number of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in India was estimated at 21.17 Lakhs in 2015 compared with 22.26 Lakhs in 2007. They may have a large psychological, physical and social impact on infected individuals and their families. People living with HIV rely on relatives for emotional support and economic assistance. Family or caregivers experience enormous physical emotional burden while caring for such relatives. The present investigation aims at finding out the level of burden and whether gender and domicile has any influence on burden in caregivers. The sample consists of 80 caregivers (40 male 40 female) they were selected from K R Hospital ART centre, Mysore. Result reveals that female caregivers experience high burden compare to male caregivers and rural caregivers have high burden compare to urban caregivers. The study discusses the implications for the need of intervention for the caregivers of HIV to improve their mental health.
An Insight into Family and Social Relationships of Day Workers and Shift Workers in Visakhapatnam
Authors: Farhoud Fariba , Marwaha Shruti
Published: September 2020

The present study was carried out to assess and compare the health problems experienced by day and shift workers in Visakhapatnam. The research was conducted on a sample of 70 software engineers, in the age group of 22-33 years in Bhubaneshwar, Orissa. Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely an absence of disease. It provides the ability to lead a socially and economically productive life. So a healthy individual is free from disease; in a state of normal functioning. As shift work is a phenomenon of 24 hours continuous operations, the effect of shift work on health was assessed in terms of nutritional anthropometry and life style indicators. Majority of shift workers were reported to become workaholic. Majority of shift workers reported impairment in social leisure activities, personal leisure, activities and ability to form and maintain close relationship with family members compared today workers.
Enhancing the Well-Being of Locomotor Disabled People
Authors: Tumu Deepti
Published: September 2020

Locomotor disabilities are one among the many disabilities in which the body movements are hampered. These disabilities can have detrimental effects on the functioning of individuals. It can affect the self-esteem of an individual and consequently lead to poor adjustment and sometimes maladjustment. Considering the detrimental effects of locomotor disabilities on the effective functioning of individuals the researchers have conceptualized the present study. This investigation aim is to study how intervention in terms of adjustments and aspiration can help in enhancing the well being of locomotor disabled persons. This study is conducted in two phases. In the 1st phase 100 locomotor disabled people from Vocational Rehabilitation Centre for Physically Disabled, Hyderabad were approached and using standardized tools their adjustment and level of aspiration was obtained. Subsequently after analyzing the data it was found that 63 people had poor adjustment and low level of aspiration. Appropriate psychological counseling interventions were planned and were provided to these subjects on individual basis. Once again the adjustment questionnaire and level of aspiration questionnaire were administered, between pre and post measures of adjustment and level of aspiration in which a significant difference was found. Thus, this study revealed that intervention like counseling helps to enhance the well being of people with locomotor disability.
Who Is the Citizen in Citizen Security?
Authors: Emerson R. Guy
Published: September 2020

This article explores the governing logics and political implications of citizen security in Puebla, Mexico, specifically, the Programa Nacional de Prevención del Delito (National Program for the Prevention of Crime, PRONAPRED). Taking a biopolitical perspective, the article centers on how citizens are produced through the application of citizen security initiatives. This production operates at two levels: the regulation of populations and the molding of subjects. First, vital statistics and risk-related variables highlight those populations that exceed the median for risk. Second, those at-risk groups are targeted for training to reduce their susceptibility to violence. Training focuses on the individual, asking citizens to identify and minimize risk in a manner that emanates from and contributes to security governance. The political ontology of citizen security is this citizen/citizenry coincident with official measures. The democratic aspirations of citizen security are consequently muted, as security governance locates citizens within the confines of state power and, at the same time, holds them separate from this power to produce citizen existence.
Survey for molecular reports in practicing oncologists in India
Authors: Talreja Vikas , Parikh Purvish , Nagar Mukesh , Kataria Satyapal
Published: September 2020

Objectives:

Molecular oncology (GO) is a discipline that focuses on the diagnosis, staging, prognosis, and management of cancer with the help of molecular genetics. Increasing understanding of the molecular changes that drive tumor progression has transformed the treatment of this disease. The main goal of this study was to describe the current situation in India regarding the knowledge, attitude, and practice of molecular oncology through an online survey of oncologists.

Material and Methods:

A descriptive survey was sent to several hospitals by means of E-mails and social media.

Results:

Between December 2019 and February 2020, 74 responses were collected. All of the respondents were interested in the accreditation of the reports and authorizing agency accrediting them. About 68.9% of the practicing oncologist did not have any provision of molecular oncology tumor board. 82.4% of the oncologists reviewed with the molecular pathologist for discussion of the molecular reports. On the contrary, 58.1% of the oncologist never received any information from the reporting team about the patient clinical details, follow-up, or changes in the reports ever. About 79.7% of the prescribing oncologist were interested in remuneration in any form for prescribing such tests. About 27% of the oncologist were not aware of any accreditation agency available in India for molecular oncology reports.

Conclusion:

From the nationwide survey, we conclude that there is an increasing perception of the need for training in molecular oncology. This survey reflects a reality, in which specific needs are perceived.
Room Temperature Reduction of Nitrogen Oxide to Nitrogen on MetalOrganic Frameworks
Authors: Daturi Marco , BLASIN-AUBE Vanessa , Yoon Ji Wong , Bazin Philippe , Vimont Alexandre , Chang Jong-San , Hwang Young Kyu , Seo You-Kyong , Jang Seunghun , Chang Hyunju , Wuttke Stefan , Haneda Masaaki , Horcajada Patricia , Serre Christian
Published: September 2020

Air pollution is an epochal concern, particularly in urban areas, and is linked to combustion processes 1 . The emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx) constitutes a critical environmental problem, and it can affect severely human health2,3,4 . At ambient temperature and pressure NOx decomposition is thermodynamically favoured; however, this process is kinetically inhibited, owing to a high activation energy5,6 . To date, no reported catalysts have had the required properties to lower the activation energy of this process without the help of coreacting agents and high temperatures7,8,9 . Here, we show that NO conversion to molecular nitrogen can be achieved at room temperature in the presence of O2 and H2O vapour, and in the absence of any further reducing agent, using iron-based Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs). Further, we demonstrate that MOFs work similarly to enzymes, but are stable in environments unfriendly to living matter. These findings open large perspectives on the solution of stringent problems in chemistry, such as the removal of pollutants or the activation of highly stable molecules.
La seguridad nacional y la seguridad internacional: el vínculo indisoluble en México
Authors: Lozano Vázquez Alberto
Published: September 2020

l presente trabajo tiene el objetivo de elaborar sobre la intrínseca, compleja, constante e interdependiente relación entre la seguridad nacional y la seguridad internacional. Aunque a esta relación ya se le ha nombrado de diversas maneras, se explica por qué la seguridad tiene como una importante característica a la dualidad que podemos representar analógicamente con el dios Janus. Después repasa brevemente las nociones generales y tradicionales de seguridad nacional e internacional y finalmente analiza porqué algunas amenazas de la realidad mundial, que México ha padecido, no pueden entenderse ni explicarse sin la simultaneidad de ambos niveles.
ENSINO DA MATEMÁTICA EM INTERFACE COM A LÍNGUA MATERNA: PRÁTICA PEDAGÓGICA INTERDISCIPLINAR
Authors: Moraes Patrícia Pena , Machado Arthur Gonçalves
Published: September 2020

Um dos grandes desafios para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem é organizar esse processo de forma interdisciplinar, evitando, sempre que necessário e possível, a fragmentação do ensino. Pensar o ensino de Matemática de maneira interdisciplinar requer, primeiramente, refletir sobre a formação do professor que ensina Matemática nos anos iniciais de escolarização e as condições didático-pedagógicas que são possibilitadas para sua rotina diária na escola. Nestes termos, este artigo tem como objetivo analisar uma prática pedagógica sobre o ensino de Matemática em interface com a língua materna, nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, desenvolvida na perspectiva interdisciplinar. O contexto da investigação foi uma turma do 2º ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola da rede municipal de São Francisco do Pará. A inserção no espaço de pesquisa, a organização da sequência didática e o desenvolvimento das práticas, deu-se durante o terceiro bimestre de 2018. A metodologia da pesquisa está estruturada em uma abordagem qualitativa do tipo pesquisa participante. A pesquisa foi fundamentada, principalmente, no ensino de Matemática Interdisciplinar. Para a construção das informações foram utilizados o diário de bordo e o registro das atividades realizadas pelos alunos. A sequência didática foi organizada na perspectiva interdisciplinar tendo o texto como elo integrador das atividades propostas. Os resultados mostraram que uma prática pedagógica interdisciplinar no ensino de Matemática, com suporte em Sequência Didática Interdisciplinar (SDI), é possível de ser realizada no contexto da Educação Básica, principalmente, nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental.
The Illusory Trust Doctrine: Formal or Substantive?
Authors: Bennett Mark
Published: September 2020

"A document is put before us. Does it or does it not create a trust?" This article considers the illusory trust doctrine (ITD) and claims that although the ITD has been criticised as doctrinally unfounded and therefore based in substantive, non-legal reasons rather than pre-existing law, there are formal reasons of trusts law to support it. It begins by considering Atiyah and Summers' concepts of form and substance, and then examines how they apply in the context of equity (in general), and then trusts law (in particular). It then briefly considers a number of recent decisions on the ITD: the four cases constituting the Clayton v Clayton litigation in New Zealand, Pugachev and the Cook Islands Court of Appeal and Privy Council decisions in Webb v Webb. Finally, it analyses these ITD decisions using the form and substance distinction, concluding that it is arguable that the ITD is grounded in principles of established trust law, as opposed to purely substantive reasoning.
Institutional Design Issues and Policy Challenges: Reflections From Former Chair of the Commerce Commission, Dr Mark Berry
Authors: Berry Mark
Published: September 2020

I was asked by the Law and Economics Association of New Zealand to reflect tonight on my time as Chairman of the Commerce Commission (NZCC). I expect that the conference organisers may have wished that I revisited some of the key decisions during my ten year tenure. However, I fear that a retrospective of such cases would be dated, provide no new insights and would most likely be excruciatingly boring for this audience.
Brexit, Prorogation and Popcorn: Implications of Miller (No 2) for New Zealand
Authors: Knight Dean R
Published: September 2020

My task in this address is to throw you into the middle of the British constitutional drama that culminated in Miller (No 2) and to try to make sense of the Supreme Court's decision. It is a decision that has polarised public law experts: it has been both celebrated and condemned. Thus, there is some work to understand the decision in its extraordinary context, explore its implications for Westminster constitutionalism and speculate on what sort of precedent it sets for judicial review of the prerogative. Importantly for this audience, I would like to reflect on the relevance to us, sitting, as we do, over 10,000 miles from the drama in Westminster. In other words, I would like to test the New Zealand "what if?" question. Could a similar meltdown happen here? And, if so, how would our constitutional agents react?
Therapeutic effect of Al-Quran murattal (surah yusuf) on blood pressure level in pregnant women with preeclampsia
Authors: Rejeki Sri , Trimuliani Sumastia , Machmudah Machmudah , Khayati Nikmatul
Published: September 2020

Pre-Eclampsia was recorded as a cause of maternal death in Indonesia in 2017, which was 28.8%. Hypertension is a sign of pre-eclampsia. Murattal Therapy Letter Yusuf is a non-pharmacological therapy that can be used to reduce blood pressure. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Murattal Therapy in reducing blood pressure in pregnant women with pre-eclampsia. The design of this study used the Quasy Experiment design with One Group Pretest and Posttest Design. As the population are pregnant women who are diagnosed with pre-eclampsia. 15 respondents were selected using purposive sampling. Data collection tool with an observation sheet and tensimeter. The data collection technique was carried out using the respondent placed in a conditioned room, then listening to the letter of Joseph for 15 minutes using a tape recorder and then his blood pressure was measured. From the 15 respondents after Murotal therapy, the result of a decrease in blood pressure with a statistical test using a paired t-test obtained a p-value of systolic blood pressure of 0,000 and diastolic blood pressure of 0,000. Murattal therapy can stimulate a controlled autonomic nerve and cause secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine by the controlled adrenal medulla. Control hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine will inhibit the formation of angiotensin which can reduce blood pressure. Surah Yusuf's Murattal Therapy can reduce the blood pressure of pregnant women with pre-eclampsia.
Dīvānu Lugāti’t-Türk’te yer alan kumaş terimleri ve kelime kökenleri üzerine bir değerlendirme
Authors: ALAN Sümeyra
Published: September 2020

Zengin bir kelime haznesine sahip olan Türkçenin tarihî ve modern devirlerindeki dil incelemelerinde söz varlığı üzerinde yapılan çalışmalar önemli bir yere sahiptir. Yapılan bu tarz çalışmalarla o toplumun toplumsal özellikleri, siyasi ve sosyal yaşam tarzı, gelenek ve görenekleri, kültür düzeyi hakkında geniş veriler elde edilmektedir. Türk toplumunda kumaşın mühim bir yeri vardır. Bu kumaşlarla şekillenen kıyafetler yöreden yöreye, bölgeden bölgeye farklılık göstermekte olup her bölgenin yahut yörenin sosyal mevkîsini, gelenek göreneklerini belirleyen bir giyim tarzı bulunmaktadır. Bu giyim tarzı oluşturulurken kullanılan kumaş türleri gösterdiği çeşitlilik bakımından incelenmeye değer görülmüştür. Çalışmamıza konu olan, Kâşgarlı Mahmûd’un XI. yüzyılda kaleme aldığı ve Türkçenin bilinen ilk sözüğü olan Dīvānu Lugāti’t-Türk, söz varlığı açısından zengin bilgiler sunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Dīvānu Lugāti’t-Türk’te yer alan kumaş terimleri ile ilgili söz varlığı taranmış, kelimelerin etimolojik tahlilleri farklı sözlüklerden faydalanılarak ayrıntılı bir şekilde verilmiş, ödünçlenen ve ödünçlenmiş olması muhtemel görülen kelimelerin kaynak dilleri tablo halinde sunulmuştur.
Pandemi sürecinde sözsüz iletişim dili: Yeni emoji tasarımları
Authors: SEZERER ALBAYRAK Eda
Published: September 2020

Akıllı telefonların ve bilgisayarların hızlı bir şekilde yaygınlaştığı günümüzde bireylerin duygu ve düşüncelerini birbirlerine aktarmada önemli rol oynayan sözsüz iletişim araçlarından biri olan emojiler günlük hayatın vazgeçilmez parçaları haline gelmişlerdir. Çünkü, emojiler sembollerden oluşarak bir anlam meydana getirdikleri için bireyler arasında bir iletişimi sağlamaktadırlar. Bu iletişim şu anda ulusal ve uluslararası alanda yeni bir dil olarak kullanılmakta ve evrensel bir hale gelmiş durumdadır. Bu doğrultuda çalışmanın amacı, 2019 Aralık ayında Çin’de başlayıp tüm dünya da halen etkisini sürdürmekte olan koronavirüsün etkilerini anlatan emojiler tasarlamaktır. Çalışma nitel bir araştırmadır. Tasarlanan emojilerin temalarını açıklamak ve düzenlemek için içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada giriş, kavramsal çerçeve, bulgular, yorum, sonuç ve öneriler bölümleri yer almaktadır.
Türkçe belagat semantiğinde cümle bağlama, ayırma, birleştirme
Authors: GÜVEN Meriç
Published: September 2020

Duygu ve düşüncelerin sade dille ve manası açık şekilde ifade edilmesinin esası belagat; belagatin şartı cümlelerin “bağlama”, “ayırma”, “birleştirme” yoluyla tertip ve tanzimidir. “İyi ve Doğru Yazma Usulleri” ile ilgili bu husus, belagat semantiğinde söz ve üslup güzelliğini ortaya koyan ve anlamı belirleyen bir konudur. Bu konu cümlelerin birbirleriyle mutabakatı gözetilerek ve vasıl (cümleleri ve bağlacı ile bağlama), fasıl (cümleleri ve bağlacı ile bağlamama) ve hem vasıl hem fasıl (cümleleri ve bağlacı ile bağlama, ayırma, birleştirme) kurallarına uyularak gerçekleştirilir. Bu gerçekleştirme hâlin icabına ve gereğine uygun düşen ve ögeler arasında intikal sağlayan bağlı ve ardışık cümlelerle; her biri kendi içinde bütünlük arz eden birbirinden bağımsız ve müstakil, fakat anlamca birbiri ile ilgili cümlelerle ve hem bağımsız ve müstakil ve hem birbirine bağlı ve zincirlemeli (müselsel) cümlelerle temerküz ve tekasüf eder (ortaya çıkar ve yoğunlaşır). Türkçe cümlelerde, bağlama işlevi gören “ve” bağlama edatı, bağlama edatı “ve”ye denk ve eşlenik işlev gören “, “ ve “ ;”, kabilinden bağlama işaretleri, bağ-fiil eki (y)Xp ve ayırma işareti nokta “.” bu bağlama, ayırma ve birleştirme işlemlerini gerçekleştiren figüratif “işleç”ler olarak kullanılır. Bağlayıcı ve ayırıcı unsurların yerinde ve doğru kullanılmasıyla söz ve ibareler ve cümleler arasında anlamlı birliktelikler, cümlelere sağlamlık ve ebedilik kazandıran ahenkli ve armonili dizimlikler oluşur. Aynı şekilde bağlayıcı ve ayırıcı unsurların yanlış kullanılmasıyla söz ve ibareler ve cümleler arasında uyumsuz ve uygunsuz yapılar, anlamı tamamlanmamış veya yanlış tanımlanmış cümleler ve cümleden büyük dil birlikleri ortaya çıkar.
Kardeş veya yük: mülteci çocuk kahramanların bakış açısıyla kültürlerarası etkileşim
Authors: MELANLIOĞLU Deniz
Published: September 2020

Savaş, insanlık tarihinin en dramatik deneyimlerinden biri olma özelliğine sahiptir. 2011’de başlayan Suriye iç savaşı sonucu ülkelerini terk etmek durumunda kalan milyonlarca kişi, dünyanın değişik coğrafyalarında farklı milletlere mensup insanları, bu acı tecrübenin bir parçası hâline getirmiştir. Vatanlarını terk etmek durumunda kalan Suriyelilere koşulsuz kucak açan Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, bugün Suriyelilerin %60’ına ev sahipliği yapmaktadır. Her ne kadar yakın coğrafyalara mensup iki millet olma özelliği taşısa da Suriyeliler ile Türk toplumu arasındaki kültür farkı dikkat çekmektedir. Hedef kültür ile kaynak kültür arasındaki farklar, iki toplumun birbirine önyargıyla yaklaşmasına neden olmakta ve toplum düzeninde birtakım aksaklıkların meydana gelmesine yol açmaktadır. Bu olumsuz durumun ortadan kalkması, kültürlerarası etkileşimin gerçekleşmesiyle yakından ilgilidir. Kültürlerarası etkileşim, birinin diğerini/ötekini anlama çabası olarak tanımlanabilir. Kültürlerarası etkileşimin gerçekleşmediği durumlarda ev sahibi toplum, mültecileri taşımak zorunda kaldığı bir “yük” olarak değerlendirmektedir. Önyargıların davranışları gölgelemediği çocukluk döneminde kültürlerarası etkileşime yönelik bir farkındalık toplumda ileriye dönük huzurun tahsisi için oldukça önemli görülmektedir. Bu açıdan bakıldığında çocukların yaşam gerçekliğine ilişkin bireysel değerler oluşturmalarında çocuk edebiyatının önemli bir işlevi olduğu bilinmektedir. İfade edilenlerden hareketle çalışmada göç ve mültecilik konulu çocuk kitaplarını, kültürlerarası etkileşim açısından incelemek amaçlanmaktadır. Bunun için nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan belgesel tarama kullanılmış, ulaşılan veriler betimsel analiz ile çözümlenmiştir. İncelenen kitaplarda kültürlerarası etkileşim unsurlarından günlük yaşam, yaşam koşulları ve kişiler arası iletişime sıklıkla yer verildiği tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak içerdiği zengin kültürlerarası etkileşim malzemesi ile Savaşı Bitiren Sinek, Kayıktaki Çocuk, Tarık ve Beyaz Karga, Yolculuk, Taştan Adımlar Bir Mülteci Ailenin Yolculuğu kitaplarının, çocukta kültürlerarası etkileşimi geliştirebileceği ve bu anlamda bir farkındalık kazandıracağı söylenebilir.
Bir yabancılara Türkçe öğretimi kaynağı olarak et-Tuhfetü ’l-Hamîdiyye fî ’l-Luğati ’l-Osmâniyye
Authors: ALEMDAR Ensar
Published: September 2020

Yabancılara Türkçe öğretimi alanında, her dönemde farklı saiklerle ve farklı dillere sahip fertlere yönelik olarak çeşitli eserler kaleme alınmıştır. Bu eserlerden biri de Misbâh bin Selîm el-LEBÂBÎDÎ’nin et-Tuhfetü ’l-Hamîdiyye fî ’l-Luğati ’l-Osmâniyye adlı eseridir. Eser; 12 Rebiülevvel 1312 [=13 Eylül 1894] tarihinde tamamlanmış ve 1314 [1896-1897] senesinde Beyrut’ta Matba‘atü ’l-Edebiyye’de basılmıştır. Müellifi tarafından “mekātib-i ibtidā’iyye şāgirdānına hediyye” olduğu belirtilen bu eser, ana dili Arapça olanlara Türkçe öğretmek maksadıyla yazılmıştır. Osmanlı Türkçesindeki “harfler ve telaffuzları”, “harekeler”, “mastarlar”, “müfredat” ve “kelimeler ve kısımları” ana başlıklarını ihtiva eden bahse konu eserin sonuna Ta’lîm-i Kırâat adlı eserden iktibas edilmiş “okuma metinleri” de dercedilmiştir. Tuhfetü ’l-Hamîdiyye’nin “mastarlar” bölümünde Osmanlı Türkçesinde kullanılan toplam 781 kelime, Arapça ve Farsça karşılıklarıyla birilikte; 41 temadan müteşekkil olan “müfredat” bölümünde de yine aynı mahiyetteki toplam 1820 kelime; Arapça karşılıklarıyla birlikte listelenmiştir. Eserin “kelimeler ve kısımları” bölümünde ise pek çok gramer yapısı; çeşitli kısımlar hâlinde ve açıklamalar, örnekler ve Arapça karşılıkları ile birlikte ele alınmıştır. Bu çalışmada, adı geçen eser; sahip olduğu hususiyetler bakımından incelenmiş ve yabancılara Türkçe öğretimi alanında günümüzde esas alınan ilkeler açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca; çalışmada, eser ile ilgili daha sağlıklı bir fikir elde edilebilmesi için, eserde kullanılan başlıklara ve bu başlıklar alıtında yer alan bazı örneklere de yer verilmiştir.
Hazırlıksız konuşma stratejileri
Authors: KURUDAYIOĞLU Mehmet , KİRAZ Büşra
Published: September 2020

Anadili konuşucuları kendi dillerinde çeşitli konuşmalar üretebilirler ancak iyi bir konuşmacı olabilmenin yolu eğitimden geçer. Türkçe eğitimi, öğrencilere konuşmanın en baştan öğretildiği bir süreci kapsamaz. Belirli bir konuşma becerisine sahip olan öğrencilerin hata ve eksikliklerinin birtakım stratejik hamlelerle giderilmesi ve kendilerini sözlü olarak tutarlı ve etkili bir şekilde ifade edebilmelerini sağlamak Türkçe eğitiminin nihai hedeflerinden biridir. Bu hedefe ulaşmada Türkçe öğretmenlerine rehberlik eden ana kaynaklar ise öğretim programı ve ders kitaplarıdır. Konuşma eğitiminin uygulama boyutunu oluşturan konuşma strateji, yöntem, teknik ve etkinlikleri öğretmenlerin öğrencilerin konuşma becerilerini geliştirmede başvuracağı birincil öğretim öğeleridir. Dolayısıyla öğretim programı ve ders kitaplarının çeşitli konuşma durumlarında kullanılabilecek strateji, yöntem, teknik ve etkinlikler çerçevesinde yapılandırılması gerekmektedir. Öğretim programı incelendiğinde konuşma kazanımlarının nitelik ve nicelik açısından yetersiz olduğu, k0nuşma strateji, yöntem ve teknikleri arasında net bir ayrım yapılmadığı ve konuşma stratejilerinin işlevlerine yönelik açıklama getirilmediği görülmektedir. Programda yer alan strateji, yöntem ve tekniklerin yine programda yer alan konuşma türleriyle ilişkilendirilerek ele alınması gereklidir. Programda yer alan hazırlıksız konuşma türüne yönelik hiçbir açıklama getirilmediği, bu türe özgü strateji, yöntem, teknik ve etkinliklere yer verilmediği görülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı hazırlıksız konuşma ve topluluk önünde konuşma üzerine yapılmış çalışmalarda yer alan konuşma stratejilerini belirlemek, tasnif etmek ve hazırlıksız konuşma stratejileri önerisi sunmaktır. Temellendirilmiş Kuram yöntemi ile gerçekleştirilen çalışmanın inceleme nesnesi olarak 40 çalışma seçilmiş, bu çalışmalar kodlama tekniği aracılığıyla analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonunda zihinsel konuşma planı yapma, sosyal ve işbirlikli öğrenme ortamlarından yararlanma, bellek geliştirme çalışmaları yapma, heyecan kontrolü çalışmaları yapma ve değerlendirme olmak üzere 5 hazırlıksız konuşma stratejisi önerisinde bulunulmuştur.
Farklı yükseltilerde yetiştirilen Chandler ceviz çeşidinde yapraktan yararlı bakteri uygulamalarının meyve özellikleri, verim ve sürgün uzunluğu üzerine etkileri
Authors: ACARSOY BİLGİN Nihal , ÖZAKTAN Hatice , AKBABA Mustafa
Published: September 2020

Bu çalışmada, iki farklı yükseltideki ‘Chandler’ ceviz çeşidinde bakteri uygulamalarının sürgün uzunluğu, meyve özelliği ve verim üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada, çöğür anacına aşılı ‘Chandler’ ceviz çeşidi bitkisel materyal olarak kullanılmıştır. Sağlıklı ceviz bitkilerinden elde edilen Pseudomonas fluorescens strain WH48/1A ve WH68 gibi 2 bakteri izolatı aynı ağaçlara 3 farklı dönemde (erkek çiçekler açmadan hemen önce, dişi çiçekler açtıktan sonra ve meyveler fındık büyüklüğünde) püskürtme şeklinde uygulanmıştır. Sürgün uzunluğu, meyve özellikleri ve verim incelenmiştir. Buna göre, en yüksek iç randımanı ilk yılda, %51.11 ile WH68 bakteri uygulamasından elde edilmiştir. Sürgün uzunluğunda (101.78 m) ilk yıl, meyve ağırlığı (13.13 g) ve boyunda (35.71 mm) ise ikinci yılda artış kaydedilmiştir. Saruhanlı lokasyonu, iç büzüşme oranı hariç, tüm özellikler açısından öne çıkmıştır. Her iki bakteri uygulaması meyve eni, L* renk değeri ve verim bakımından etkili bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, düşük rakımlı Saruhanlı lokasyonunda, bakteri uygulamalarının diğer lokasyona göre daha etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Her iki lokasyon ve yılda bakteri uygulamalarıyla verimde artış kaydedilmiştir. Diğer yandan, cevizde meyve kalite özellikleri ve verimle ilgili çalışmaların sınırlı olması, araştırmanın önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca bu mikroorganizmalarının, insan ve çevre sağlığının yanı sıra söz konusu bu olumlu etkileri nedeniyle ceviz yetiştiriciliğinde de kullanımının yaygınlaştırılması önerilmektedir.
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE VARIATION ON THE PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL USING NEEM OIL
Authors: Ahmed Lira Mujidatu , Idris Atadash Musa
Published: September 2020

Biodiesel was produced from neem seed oil via a two-step process of esterification and transesterififcation reactions. The transesterification was carried out using CH3ONa as catalyst with ethanol as the alcohol. The reaction temperature was varied between 30, 40, 50, 60, and 700C, while all other process parameters were kept constant. From the results obtained, a significant change in biodiesel yield (73-79%) from 30-50oC temperatures was observed. At a temperature of 60oC, a good yield of 94% was obtained which was observed at a temperature below the boiling point of the alcohol used. At 70oC biodiesel yield of 67% was obtained; this indicates a drop in biodiesel yield. Further flash point of 149.60C indicated that the biodiesel produced is within the specification of ASTM D6751. Also, the high value of flash point indicated that the fuel is safe for handling as it exceeds the minimun ASTM requirement (130min). It is worthy to mention that other properties such as viscosity, pour point and cloud point etc investigated also presented good values which were within ASTM D6751. The formation of biodiesel was confirmed by FT-IR analysis. The conversion of the ester functional group into methyl esters in biodiesel verified the success of the reaction.
The 2008 Crisis: An International Finance (Over)view
Authors: Costa-Filho João
Published: September 2020

The aim of this paper is to present an international finance view of the 2008 crisis. By relying on four traditional international finance classes of models (the intertemporal current account approach, two exchange rate risk premium models and open-economy economic policy models), we addresed, theoretically, the importance of macro-finance aspects of the episode such as portfolio reallocation and its aggregate effects, using data for supporting the claims. Moreover, by telling the story of the crisis, divided in three periods (Great Moderation, Great Recession and Euro Crisis) we provided an overview of the deployments as well as an understanding of the development from a slightly point of view.
Threshold Effects of Institutional Quality in the Infrastructure-Growth Nexux
Authors: Ogbaro Eyitayo O.
Published: September 2020

This study estimates the threshold level of institutional quality that will ensure the efficient use of infrastructure in stimulating growth in Sub-Saharan Africa based on panel data from 41 countries in the region between 1996 and 2015. It employs a dynamic panel threshold regression model which is derived from the New Institutional Economics theory and this is estimated using the first-differenced Generalized Method of Moments estimator. Results reveal that the relationship between infrastructure and growth is non-linear which provides support for the use of a threshold regression model, with institutional quality serving as the threshold variable. In terms of the threshold level, the findings show that the index of institutional quality that will ensure the efficient use of infrastructure in stimulating growth is 0.410. The study also finds that, on average, countries in the region operate below this threshold level, hence their poor growth. The conclusion that is drawn from the analysis is that poor or low institutional quality is one of the factors hampering the growth of countries in the SSA region. A major limitation of the study is that the estimator employed for the threshold analysis is developed for models with single threshold value only and so does not allow for multiple threshold values. Thus, it is recommended that governments in the region need to formulate and implement policies targeted at improving the level of institutional quality in their countries.
Frecuencia de reacciones adversas a sulfametoxazol con trimetoprima y factores de riesgo en pacientes con VIH
Authors: Martínez-Martínez María del Carmen , Hernández-Morales María del Rocío , Mancilla-Hernández Eleazar
Published: September 2020

Antecedentes: Trimetoprima-sulfametoxazol (TMP-SMZ) es el antimicrobiano de elección y de uso prolongado en la prevención y tratamiento de infecciones por gérmenes oportunistas en los pacientes con síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida (sida), en quienes la frecuencia de reacciones adversas a medicamentos es de 30 a 50 %.Objetivo: Determinar las reacciones adversas a TMP-SMZ y sus factores de riesgo en pacientes con sida.Métodos: Se incluyeron pacientes mayores de 18 años con diagnóstico confirmado de infección por VIH y que presentaron reacción adversa a fármacos, de enero de 2018 a mayo de 2019. Se revisaron 319 expedientes.Resultados: Se reportó 13.16 % de reacciones adversas; de 42 pacientes con reacciones adversas a medicamentos, 23 fueron a TMP-SMZ (54.76 %). El rash representó 56.5 % de las reacciones adversas, el angioedema 21.73 % y la urticaria 17.39 %. Los factores de riesgo fueron la comorbilidad infecciosa (RM = 2.6) y la cuenta de CD4 < 100 (RM = 6.9), sin significación estadística; la dosis de TMP-SMZ fue un factor de riesgo (RM = 12.7), con p = 0.017.Conclusiones: El TMP-SMZ en los pacientes con sida ocasionó 54 % de las reacciones adversas a medicamentos y la dosis fue un factor de riesgo.
El doctor Ernesto Guevara antes de ser el “Che Guevara”. Su trabajo en el Hospital General de México
Authors: Velázquez-Sámano Guillermo , Hernández Solis Alejandro , Cicero-Sabido Raúl
Published: September 2020

Se han escrito miles de artículos sobre Ernesto Guevara, identificado como Che Guevara. Sin embargo, el trabajo de est personaje como médico solo ha sido reconocido en pocas ocasiones. Por ello, consideramos de interés presentar su labor de investigación en el Hospital General de México, institución en la que intentó conseguir una beca, lo que propició que trabajara en el recién formado Servicio de Alergia, fundado por el doctor Mario Salazar Mallén a principios de la década de 1950.
Aneurismas coronarios gigantes en lactante con síndrome de choque por enfermedad de Kawasaki
Authors: García-Domínguez Miguel , Riviera-Navarro David , Quibrera José , Pérez-Gaxiola Giordano
Published: September 2020

Antecedentes: El síndrome de choque es una presentación poco habitual de la enfermedad de Kawasaki en el que se observan manifestaciones cardiovasculares asociadas con niveles elevados de marcadores de inflamación, que llevan a hipotensión. Es precedido por manifestaciones gastrointestinales y neurológicas y existe mayor riesgo de lesiones coronarias y resistencia a inmunoglobulina intravenosa.Caso clínico: Varón de cinco meses de edad con fiebre de una semana de evolución, síntomas gastrointestinales y neurológicos con choque hipotensivo, erupciones urticariforme, linfadenitis por vacunación con bacilo de Calmette-Guérin, así como edema de manos y pies. Se evidenciaron aneurismas coronarios gigantes, por lo que se diagnosticó síndrome de choque por enfermedad de Kawasaki, el cual fue tratado con pulso de corticoesteroide e inmunoglobulina intravenosa.Conclusiones: El diagnóstico de síndrome de choque por enfermedad de Kawasaki se debe sospechar por choque hipotensivo, síntomas gastrointestinales, neurológicos y mucocutáneos propios de la enfermedad, especialmente en menores de un año. El tratamiento oportuno reduce las complicaciones graves.
Physical simulation of thermomechanics of gas flows in the output channels of turbocharger centrifugal compressor
Authors: Plotnikov L. V. , Zhilkin B. P. , Brodov Yu. M. , Grigoriev N. I. , Osipov L. E.
Published: September 2020

It is known that the thermal and mechanical characteristics of the air flow in the output channel of the turbocharger compressor largely determine the efficiency and quality of the gas exchange processes of the piston engine. The research was carried out on an experimental installation containing a turbocharger, output channels of different configurations, a measurement database and a data collection system. It was found that the stabilization of the flow in the output channel of the compressor leads to a significant increase in the heat transfer intensity (up to 25 %) compared to the base pipeline, while reducing the degree of turbulence by up to 30 %. In the output channel of the compressor with grooves, there is an even more significant increase in the heat transfer intensity (up to 30 %) with an increase in the degree of turbulence by up to 12% compared to the base channel. The proposed configurations of the compressor output channels can be used to intensify heat exchange in order to naturally cool the air during the intake process, as well as to stabilize the gas dynamic parameters of the flow in order to reduce the hydraulic resistance of the intake system of the turbocharged engine.
Characterization of Amino-Functionalized Ferromagnetic Nanoparticles with Glutaraldehyde Cross-linking
Authors:   BioScience Program, Department of Microbiology,  King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok 10140, THAILAND, Sukprasert Jaravee , Thumanu Kanjana ,   Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization),  Muang District, Nakhonratchasima 30000, THAILAND, Phung-on Isaratat ,   Maintenance Technology Center, Institute for Scientific and Technological Research and Services (ISTRS),  KMUTT, Bangkok, 10140, THAILAND, Jirarungsatean Chalermkiat ,   Maintenance Technology Center, Institute for Scientific and Technological Research and Services (ISTRS),  KMUTT, Bangkok, 10140, THAILAND, Chaisalee Peerapon ,   Food Safety Center, ISTRS, KMUTT, Bangkok, 10140, THAILAND, Tuitemwong Pravate ,   Food Safety Center, ISTRS, KMUTT, Bangkok, 10140, THAILAND, Tuitemwong Kooranee ,   Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, THAILAND
Published: September 2020

Characterization of amino-functionalised magnetic nanoparticles (FMNs) modified surfaces with glutaraldehyde cross linker, which enables the attachment to a specific antibody against Salmonella was examined using FTIR spectroscopy. The magnetism property of the particles before and after attachment to the target cells was studied. Synchrotron FTIR spectroscopy technique was employed to investigate the chemistry of the crosslinking reaction to amino-functionalized ferromagnetic nanoparticles. Results indicated that the bonding pattern imine bond (C=N) and amide bond (-CONH-) were detected. The finding indicated the attachment of aldehyde group (CHO) to amino region of the particle and the other free end to link to the antibodies against Salmonella. The bonding allowed the antibodies to bear reactive sites to catch the target Salmonella in food samples. The FMNs demonstrated hysteresis characteristics that could be changed due to cell attachment that caused reduction of loop coercive force (H). Results showed evidence of glutaraldehyde crosslinking that could be also used as quality control for immobilization of antibodies to the particles. Magnetism properties (the coercive force H) and FTIR characteristics could be further used for signal of attachment of cells to the FMNs as well.
Analisis Kemampuan Pemahaman Pengetahuan Mahasiswa pada Mata Kuliah Statistik Matematika
Authors: Azis
Published: September 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan tingkat kemampuan pemahaman pengetahuan mahasiswa dan letak kesalahan pemahaman pengetahuan mahasiswa pada mata kuliah statistik matematika Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika FKIP Unidayan Baubau. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian dengan metode survei. Dalam penelitian ini, mahasiswa diminta menyelesaikan soal-soal statistik matematika yang berkaitan dengan kasus-kasus penelitian. Tempat pelaksanaan penelitian ini adalah di Universitas Dayanu Ikhsanuddin pada Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika Kota Baubau Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Waktu penelitian untuk memperoleh data dan informasi dilaksanakan pada bulan September 2017 sampai dengan bulan Juni 2018. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa semester VII yang memprogramkan mata kuliah statistika matematika tahun ajaran 2016/2017 yang berjumlah 161 orang mahasiswa. Penarikan sampel dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling, peneliti mengambil 30% dari banyaknya mahasiswa. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) tingkat kemampuan pemahaman pengetahuan mahasiswa pada mata kuliah statistik matematika Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika FKIP Unidayan Baubau berada pada kategori tinggi; dan (2) letak kesalahan pemahaman pengetahuan mahasiswa pada mata kuliah statistik matematika Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika FKIP Unidayan Baubau dilihat dari segi pengetahuan faktual dengan persentase interval kesalahan pemahaman pengetahuan mahasiswa pada pengetahuan faktual adalah 34,19%
Reply to: COVID-19, children, and schools: overlooked and at risk
Authors: Munro Alasdair , Bowen Asha C , Cevik Muge
Published: September 2020

Reply to the opinion letter in MJA entitled "COVID-19, children, and schools: overlooked and at risk"
Seven time-savers for early career researchers
Authors: Ho Tung Manh
Published: September 2020

I write about the seven things I do that give me a bit more time each day.