bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perceptions of Iraqi EFL Learners towards Non-native English Instructors at the Department of English of Komar University
Authors: Raza Aziz Awder , Ali Saeed Kochar , Omer Ismael Kozhin , Mohammed Mahmood Raniya
Published: July 2022

This study investigates the Iraqi learners’ perceptions of non-native English-speaking teachers (NNESTs) at Komar University, Iraq and explores the extent to which NNESTs can be differentiated in terms of teaching different skills and their English language knowledge. A quantitative questionnaire focusing on NNESTs effectiveness in teaching the target culture, easing the learning process, their own proficiency, and effectiveness of their techniques to teaching different language skills was adopted from Ürkmez (2015) to collect the data of the study. A total of 37 responses were collected among students at Komar University through Google Forms software. The data were subsequently analyzed using tables to understand the data in a better way. The findings of this study reveal that Iraqi students studying at Komar University have a positive attitude toward non-native teachers at Komar University. Indeed, students even show a preference for non-native teachers for learning particular language skills.
WILLIAM MARSHAL IN BATTLE OF DRINCOURT (1166): THE BEGINNING OF FLOWER`S OF CHIVALRY CAREER
Authors: Hucul Wolodymyr
Published: July 2022

The article, based on an episode (the battle of Drincourt, 1166) from the biography of “the flower of chivalry" by William Marshall (set out in the “History of William Marshall” composed by the Anglo-Norman poet Jean in the first third of the 12th century), deals with the strategies and practices by which the young knight could earn social capital and military competence at the `proprietorial warfare`. Such kind of warfare completely dominated in the military culture of the Medieval West. This warfare was shaped by four main factors: a. the dominance of land as a form of wealth; b. the limited competence of government; c. the state of technology which, broadly, favoured defence over attack; d. the geography and climate of the West. The battle of Drincourt was a typical one for proprietorial warfare. The reason was the conflict over land ownership. The immediate cause of the conflict in 1166 on the border of the Duchy of Normandy was the deprivation by the English King Henry II of his old enemy William Talvas, count Ponthieu from his inheritance in South Normandy. The territory of the county of Ponthieu was located north of Normandy at the mouth of the river Somme. Talvas, along with his allies, counts of Flanders and Boulogne, invaded the Norman County of Eu. Drincourt, a frontier fortress that covered the Normandy capital Rouen from the north and expectedly was under attack. The seigneurs who defended it acted in very weak interplay with their monarchs. The chief royal military administrator in the region, Constable of Normandy Richard du Hommet, left Drincourt immediately after receiving news of the enemy's arrival. The battle took place around and inside the fortified settlement, the victory went to the side that was on the defensive. The terrain played a major role in the battle. William Marshall proved himself in it as a model knight, and his first success largely determined his further advancement on the social hierarchy in Western medieval society. Although the poet Jean's message is inscribed in the apologetic knightly biography, the author - or authors, if we agree with David Crouch that the poet put the original Marshall’s storytelling on the poem, it composed without any snobbery focus to proves of noble combatants. Poet described all military techniques of the day: from the iconic knight's mounted shock combat with couched lance to the use of household tools such as a hook to knock down walls in a fire. The poet colorfully conveyed the chaos and spontaneity of tactical concepts of the proprietorial warfare. Old feudal conflicts divide the leaders, the invaders enter the battle incoordination, giving the defenders time to regroup and even rest - the ambush of Marshall in the sheep detachment repeated twice confirms it. The poetic description of the Battle of Drincourt is also of key event to the understanding of William Marshall's fighting skills, for which he largely built his political career.
Peningkatan Kapasitas Terapi Berhenti Merokok Bagi Tenaga Kesehatan Melalui Hypnoteraphy di Puskesmas
Authors: Tohari Sabit - , Anisah Laelatul
Published: July 2022

The benefits of this activity are (1) training medical personnel in overcoming smoking cessation, (2) increasing the potential that exists in medical personnel. The subjects in this activity were medical staff at the Pukesmas and volunteers stopped smoking. The results of this activity are orphanage students improve communication, deepen the potential within themselves and be able to make decisions according to their abilities. In this activity received a positive response from the participants. Not only is the occurrence of public trust regarding the counseling profession.
Meningkatkan Nilai Tambah Urin Sapi Menjadi Pupuk Organik Cair Melalui Fermentasi
Authors: Ariyanto Shodiq Eko , Wisuda Nova Laili
Published: July 2022

General Purpose of Appropriate Technology for Fermentation of Cow Urine to Liquid Organic Fertilizer is an effort to increase the added value of livestock wastewater. This activity is a downstream process of the utilization of cattle wastewater from research results to the community, can increase the productivity of added value, quality and competitiveness of technology products processing liquid livestock waste into liquid organic fertilizer based on science and technology. He methods and stages in applying technology to the people used are: the socialization of technology for processing liquid cattle manure into liquid organic fertilizer through fermentation design of cow urine processing equipment for liquid fertilizer production, assistance in the production of liquid organic fertilizer, and packaging of liquid organic fertilizer, reporting, follow-up, monitoring and evaluation. The results of the activity are liquid processing of manure, liquid organic fertilizer, and publications in the mass media and publications in ISSN journals. The liquid organic fertilizer product of this activity has a nutrient content quality above the SNI standard
Pelatihan Pembuatan Aplikasi Forecasting bagi Anggota Kelompok Kajian Pasar Modal Universitas Muria Kudus
Authors: Khotimah Tutik , Evanita Evanita
Published: July 2022

The Capital Market Study Group (KKPM) is one of the Student Activity Units in the Faculty of Economics and Business, Muria Kudus University. Its members consist of Management students and Accounting students who are interested in capital markets. Forecasting capabilities are needed for people who want to invest in the world of capital markets. This ability can be used for better decision making in investing. However, the knowledge and abilities of KKPM members on forecasting are still lacking. Therefore, forecasting training has been held. There were 21 people who attended the training. The first activity was given material about forecasting with Linear Regression. The second activity was carried out training and assistance in making forecasting applications with PHP and MySQL programming languages. In addition to aiming to improve student forecasting skills, this training can increase the ability of students to make forecasting applications.
Perluasan Pangsa Pasar dan Peningkatan Pendapatan Mina Collection kudus Melalui Online Marketing
Authors: Latifah Noor , Handayani Putri Kurnia , Muzid Syafiul
Published: July 2022

Online Marketing is a marketing system that uses internet media as a vehicle for product marketing, a company or an effort to offer new products or to gather information from customers about the results of the products produced requires various forms of marketing. One of them can be by utilizing online marketing for media promotion and marketing of products produced effectively and efficiently. Mina Collection Kudus is a UKM engaged in the field of convection that produces products in the form of fashion. During this time in the promotion and marketing of the resulting product is still done manually only by way of going in and out of the market to offer products and depositing goods as requested. So that the promotion and marketing carried out only in certain areas alone can not reach a wider and broader area coverage, the lack of breadth of the scope of the promotion and marketing carried out causes the income obtained is also less than the maximum. The Muria Kudus University dedication team helps in developing the Online Marketing System at the Holy Mina Collection so that it can expand its Market Share and increase revenue effectively and efficiently.
Optimalisasi Potensi Wisata Desa Grawan Melalui Pendampingan Kelompok Sadar Wisata Desa
Authors: Masturi Masturi , Ariyanto Shodiq Eko , Zamroni Edris
Published: July 2022

Desa Grawan Kecamatan Sumber Kabupaten Rembang merupakan salah satu desa dengan kategori Desa Merah atau desa miskin menurut pemetaan Bappeda Provinsi awa Tengah. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah: 1) Peningkatan kualitas sarana dan prasarana dasar kegiatan pariwisata; 2) Peningkatan kualitas sumberdaya manusia dalam memberikan layanan pariwisata; dan 3) Peningkatan partisipasi masyarakat dalam menjaga sumberdaya alam. Adapun target dari kegiatan ini adalah: 1) Peningkatan kemampuan pengolaan daerah wisata serta kualitas pengeola wista secara sisteematik dan terorganisir; 2) Pelatihan Bahasa Inggris dan Pemandu wisatawan agar dapat memberi layanan pemandu wisatawan dengan baik, serta 3) Pelatihan kegiatan pemanfaatan limbah dan potensi alam sebagai sumber ekonomi kreatif seperti cenderamata dari alang-alang dan eceng gondok. Metode yang digunakan untuk program inisiasi adalah sosialisasi dari tim yang menawarkan bantuan pelatihan keterampilan. Ditindaklanjuti dengan materi pelatihan-pelaatihan meliputi; pengelolaan kawasan wisata, pelatihan menjadi pemandu wisata, pelatihan branding sekaligus promosi tempat wisata, serta pelatihan dan pendampingan pembuatan cenderamata dari bahan-bahan yang tidak terpakai seperti eceng gondok dan alang-alang.. Sebagai tambahan, tim KKN-PPM akan mengundang pihak koperasi/bank untuk memberi gambaran pinjaman lunak yang dapat diakses warga untuk mendanai perbaikan fasilitas mereka secara mandiri.
Peningkatan Kompetensi Multimedia Bidang Fotografi Melalui Workshop Photopreneur
Authors: Ferdiansyah Pramudhita , Alkis Citra Desy Aisyah
Published: July 2022

Multimedia is an important aspect to support the economy and business nowadays. The knowledge owned by a student gives a big influence on the multimedia department. The work of multimedia products has great value. Photography is classified as part of multimedia science which attracts a lot of interest because of social media growth. Many people think that photography is just for social media attraction. Only a few people know that photography can be used to get an economic advantage from the internet. Most of them think that they need fancy and expensive gear to get good photos and make money from it.

PKM or student activities to improve the ability of the community that we do is to provide a photography guide to the multimedia department in technical schools or vocational schools. The PKM team provided the knowledge that any photo can be sold without using the expensive gear.

The training begins with the theoretical base and then continues with practical work. The lessons given are the composition of photography, field practice, photo editing, and sending photos to microstock agents. We also give them some tips and trick to make their photos accepted by the microstock agents.

The results of this training are providing an increase in knowledge for the participants. As many as 53% of participants can send photos and accepted by microstock agents. 83% of the participants can master photo processing software.

Can be concluded that after the training, most of the participants can master the composition of photos, editing, and sell their photos to microstock agents.
Pelatihan Pengamanan Data Cyberspace untuk Siswa Sekolah Lanjutan Tingkat Atas
Authors: Indrayani Rini
Published: July 2022

Sosial media is a facility offered by cyberspace where users come from all ages and various types of circles. One of the majority of sosial media users is adolescents under the age of 18 with a profession as students. However, the relatively young age and minimal experience, make these students have insufficient insights about the security in using sosial media. Various cases of cybercrime occur and affect teenagers because of their lack of knowledge about cybersecurity. Therefore training is needed to improve students' insights on the sosial security of the media. The output of this activity is training services for data configuration and settings on various features offered by sosial media. Another outcome is providing insight into the scope of cybersecurity and cybercrime. The method used is to conduct sosial media data configuration training and a short lecture. The expected end result is an increase in human resource knowledge regarding cybersecurity
Peningkatan Manajemen Informasi Organisasi dengan Memanfaatkan Website
Authors: Subektiningsih Subektiningsih
Published: July 2022

Girirupo Youth Generation is a social organization that has the aim to advance the village of Girirupo in particular and all levels of society in general. The organization has internal and external activities. Internal activities involve active members of the organization, while external activities involve non-governmental organizations. In business processes these organizations have a lot of data that is processed into information. The management of this information is carried out by recording regularly using books. The information generated is passed on to members and the community through word of mouth, instant messaging services, as well as WhatsApp groups owned by the organization. Management and delivery of information has not been done in a structured. The ability of organizations to manage data and information becomes more effective and structured after training in information management. The ease and speed in delivering information can also be realized by having an organization's website, namely girirupomuda.com.
PENDAMPINGAN PEMBUATAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DENGAN APLIKASI VIDEO SCRIBE UNTUK GURU MA NU HASYIM ASY’ARI 2
Authors: Ahsin Muhammad Noor , Roysa Mila
Published: July 2022

At the MA NU Hasyim Asy'ari 2 School, the teacher is still having trouble making an interesting computer-based interactive learning media. Referring to the problem, there is a need for training and assistance in making interesting, interactive computer-based learning media for Indonesian language teachers. One alternative to improve the ability of teachers to make learning media is to train and provide assistance for teachers to create learning media. One interesting application that can be used to make interactive and interesting learning videos is the Scribe video application. The results of community service assistance provided to teachers at MA Hasyim Asy'ari shows that teachers are capable and skilled at making learning media with video scribe applications. The Scribe video application is expected to be able to provide teacher skills to create attractive computer-based learning media. MA NU Hasyim Asy'ari 2 Teacher, Gebog Kudus District, has become more creative in creating interesting learning media.
Peningkatan kualitas produk handel pintu berbahan besi tuang melalui teknologi pelapisan logam elektroplating
Authors: Slamet Sugeng , Qomaruddin Qomaruddin
Published: July 2022

Costs to supply raw materials for production continue to increase. Brass metal is the main raw material for the door handle manufacturing industry. Brass metal was chosen because it has good corrosion resistance, high strength, is easily shaped and has an attractive appearance. The high price of brass metal raw material has caused many small industries to turn to cast iron. The disadvantage of cast iron is that it has low corrosion resistance and unattractive product appearance.

Electroplating metal coating technology can be applied to improve the surface of cast iron metal. Electroplating technology is easy and simple to operate. The quality of the coating on the metal surface is very dependent on the strength of the metal coating attached to the cast iron. This is influenced by the strong current and the length of time immersion. Some research results show that the thickness of the chromium layer can reach 100 μm in 90 minutes with a strong current generated 50 mA/cm2.

The application of electroplating technology is already suitable for the industry of cast iron door handles. Through the application of electroplating technology, it is able to reduce the cost of raw materials, product quality increases marked by increased corrosion resistance and a more attractive product appearance.
Deversifikasi Produk Berbasis Android pada Kelompok Pengrajin Pigura Kaligrafi Kliwon Kabupaten Kudus
Authors: Arifin Muhammad , Zuliyati Zuliyati
Published: July 2022

Calligraphy Craftsmen are a part of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) that produce various types of Calligraphy Crafts that are highly needed both for interior decoration of houses, offices, prayer rooms, mosques and as souvenirs. The "Kliwon" Calligraphy Craftsmen Group located in the Kliwon Market in Kudus Regency, Central Java Province, which is a wholesale and retail trade center for local traders in Central Java and outside Java. Their problems are (1) the quality of products that are of less quality because they are oriented towards low prices, products that are monotonous in shape, do not keep up with the times, (2) unstable production only fulfills orders, (3) conventional marketing, (4) low human resources will master the science and technology. The solution to overcome these problems is Bimtek (Technology Guidance), assistance and strengthening in business management. Priority scale to overcome problems through application-based training on android and computer training to create new types of products on demand, namely digital-based calligraphy, e-commerce preparation to expand business networks and management, through small business management training activities (administration, accounting, and taxation), partnership program. The aim is to: (1) spur growth in sales of Indonesian Calligraphy products through product diversification, (2) increase the development of Calligraphy Craftsmen by increasing calligraphy marketing, (3) accelerate the diffusion of technology and management of tertiary institutions to the Calligraphy Craftsman and (4) develop the link & process match between tertiary institutions, MSMEs, local government, and the wider community.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Video Pembelajaran Kreatif dan Inovatif di Masa Pandemi Covid 19 Pada SMP N 2 Karanganyar Demak
Authors: Susanti Nanik , Irawan Yudie , Triyanto Wiwit Agus
Published: July 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought changes to all sectors, including the education sector. The policy of learning from home in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic has been carried out by schools in Indonesia. This policy is based on the Circular of the Minister of Education and Culture No. 4 of 2020 concerning the Implementation of Education Policies in the Emergency Period for the Spread of Covid-19. One of the contents of the SE is to provide an appeal to learn from home through online learning or distance learning. Like other schools, during this pandemic, SMP N 2 Karanganyar Demak is required to be able to organize distance learning that is good, easy to understand and not boring. Judging from the conditions in the field, there are still many teachers who have limitations in terms of access and use of existing technology. Because the material distributed in the form of presentation files and e-books requires a deeper explanation, learning videos are seen as the right solution. The effect of using video media in learning is very high because the more often teachers use learning videos, the stronger/higher the impact on student learning outcomes will be. Learning video training at SMP N 2 Karanganyar utilizes the Camtasia application which functions to record and edit recordings. Teachers are required to make learning videos according to the subjects they teach.
Pelatihan Penyusunan Laporan Keuangan Bagi Pengurus Koperasi di Kota Sukabumi
Authors: Hidayat R Taufik , Hotang Keri Boru
Published: July 2022

Cooperatives are legal entities established by individuals or legal entities. Cooperatives are one of the backbones of the Indonesian economy. In running its business the cooperative compiles financial statements consisting of a balance sheet, income statement, cash flow and notes financial statemets. The financial statements function as a information presented by the entity to interested parties (stakeholders) in making economic decisions. Training in preparing financial reports for Cooperatives in Sukabumi City expected to increase the value of the information presented so that it can be used as a tool in decision making.
Community radio-based disaster information dissemination pattern on K-Pass FM Radio Katapang
Authors: Khadijah Ute Lies Siti , Lavigne Franck , Hadian Sapari Dwi , Anwar Rully Khairul , Sjuchro Dian Wardiana , Rizal Edwin , Khoerunnisa Lutfi
Published: July 2022

K-Pass FM Radio Katapang is one of the radios disseminating information about disasters that focuses on training, awareness, and understanding of the people of Katapang Regency to play a role in dealing with disasters and help reduce disaster risk as well. This study aimed to determine the dissemination pattern of disaster information based on community radio conducted by Radio K-Pass FM Katapang. The research used a qualitative approach through case studies research methods. Data collection techniques included in-depth interviews, observation, documentation, and literature studies. Informants amount six people consist of resource persons consisting of community radio administrators, people who feel the impact of the existence of community radio, and people who take part in community radio programs. The study results showed that the dissemination of disaster information on Radio K-Pass FM Katapang increased the awareness of the local community about the dangers of disasters. The disaster information on K-Pass FM Radio Katapang went through three stages: the pattern of dissemination of disaster mitigation information (pre), the pattern of disseminating information when the disaster occurred (in), and post-disaster information (past). This community radio also established a Rescue School that aims to provide knowledge and actions that the community can carry out when a disaster occurs. This study concludes that Radio K-Pass FM Katapang has succeeded in becoming a community radio that positively impacts society, especially in disseminating information related to disasters. Therefore, Radio K-Pass FM Katapang still exists today even though it has been around for a long.
Reyes melancólicos en los márgenes de la sociedad y geografía en la literatura medieval
Authors: López González Luis F.
Published: July 2022

Este estudio explora la conexión entre la melancolía adusta y sus efectos psiquiátricos en la clase monárquica dentro del marco de la literatura medieval ibérica. La epistemología médica medieval exponía que cuando el humor negro se quemaba, los vapores subían a la cabeza, lo que provocaba la desconexión entre la percepción cognitiva y la realidad externa. A partir de las obras del rey Alfonso el Sabio, Ramon Llull y Juan Manuel, este estudio muestra cómo la locura melancólica contenía el fermento para deshumanizar y expulsar de la comunidad y de la vida social a la víctima de esta condición.
Joaquín Álvarez Barrientos, El actor borbónico (1700-1831). Asociación de Directores de Escena de España, Madrid, 2019; 510 pp. (Teoría y Práctica del Teatro, 44).
Authors: Cañas Murillo Jesús
Published: July 2022

Reseña
Estrategias de aprovisionamiento y modalidades de talla durante el Holoceno medio en el Campo de Dunas del Centro Pampeano (provincia de Buenos Aires). Laguna de Los Pampas como caso de estudio
Authors: Santos Valero Florencia
Published: July 2022

El siguiente artículo aborda el estudio de los procesos de talla ocurridos durante el Holoceno medio en el sitio Laguna de los Pampas (Campo de Dunas del Centro Pampeano, Buenos Aires), para lo cual se llevó a cabo el estudio tecnomorfológico y de cadenas operativas de los materiales líticos recuperados en la superficie del Sector 2. Los resultados obtenidos indican el empleo de una gran diversidad de rocas cuyas fuentes se localizan a más de 170 km de la laguna, entre las que sobresalen las ortocuarcitas y ftanitas de Tandilia. Tanto para estas dos materias primas, como para la dolomía silicificada, se propone un aprovisionamiento directo. La producción de soportes se realizó principalmente a partir del débitage unipolar corto y centrípeto. La presencia de filos embotados, lascas de reactivación y núcleos agotados, así como el empleo de la reducción bipolar, sugieren una optimización en el aprovechamiento de las rocas.
Analisis Sinkronisasi Budaya Kerja Sumber Daya Manusia Pada Bank Syariah Indonesia Setelah Merger
Authors: Kurniasari Putri , Ni'mah Ainun , Fadlullah Hana Kharis
Published: July 2022

Perbankan syariah sudah ada sejak lama di Indonesia, namun masih memiliki pasar yang relatif kecil dibandingkan perbankan konvensional pada tahun 2020 di pasar perbankan syariah sebesar 6,18%. Sehingga terjadi penggabungan tiga bank syariah di Indonesia yaitu BRIS, BNIS dan Mandiri Syariah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kinerja hasil merger ketiga bank tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan peneliti adalah metode kualitatif yaitu penelitian lapangan, artinya peneliti terjun langsung ke lapangan untuk mencari data-data yang relevan terkait penggabungan tiga bank yang salah satunya adalah Bapak Nor Saiz dan Bapak Suprayoga. sebagai pegawai BSI Kudus. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kinerja ketiga bank syariah pasca merger cukup baik yang dibuktikan dengan beberapa penghargaan yang telah diperoleh.
Balansering mellan den gyllene regeln och det femte budordet: En narrativ studie om inställningar till dödshjälp bland fin-ländska präster
Authors: Kontro Miia
Published: July 2022

Artikeln fokuserar på motiveringar bakom eutanasiattityder bland det finska prästerskapet. Artikeln bygger på sex intervjuer som gjorts bland finska evangelisk-lutherska präster. Holistisk innehållsanalys användes för att analysera de berättelser som rör eutanasiattityder. Det lärdomsbaserade narrativet lyfter fram betydelsen av den kristna läran, bibliska läror och traditionella tolkningar som rättfärdiganden bakom attityder relaterade till etiska frågor. Det kunskapsbaserade narrativet kombinerar en kyrklig och en världslig utgångspunkt, där tolkning av kristendomen balanserar med vetenskapens och filosofins förståelser. Därför påverkas attityderna av andra discipliner utöver de kristna lärorna. Det människocentrerade narrativet betonar argumentation, där mötet med människor och inflytandet av olika livserfarenheter påverkar attityderna. Berättelserna bakom eutanasiattityderna lyfter fram ämnets komplexitet men också inflytandet av olika bakgrunder, synsätt och kristna tolkningar av prästerskapet.
Organization of the State and Party Supervision of Book Publishing in Hungary 1948-1956
Authors: Bella Katalin
Published: July 2022

After the Second World War, Hun­gary was forced into the sphere of the So­viet Union, which was ac­com­pan­ied by the in­tro­duc­tion of a so­cial­ist based planned eco­nomy, the mer­ger of state and party con­trol, and the es­tab­lish­ment of a one-man lead­er­ship. The au­thor in­ter­prets the place and role of book pub­lish­ing in the cul­tural policy of the period between 1948-1956 (also called the Rákosi era after the all-power­ful leader) and aims to present the in­sti­tu­tions gov­ern­ing book pub­lish­ing. Due to the nature of basic re­search, the work re­lies primar­ily on archival re­search. The archival cor­pus that can be in­cluded in the re­search is vast and di­ver­gent, con­tain­ing doc­u­ments on cul­tural man­age­ment and lit­er­ary policy more broadly, from of­fi­cial pro­vi­sions to more con­fid­en­tial re­cords. The study ex­am­ines the cul­tural gov­ernance or­gan­iz­a­tion of the dic­tat­or­ship and its prac­tical op­er­a­tion through a spe­cific seg­ment of the sys­tem, the op­er­a­tion of cen­sor­ship of book pub­lish­ing, and also demon­strates the or­gan­iz­a­tion of state and party su­per­vi­sion of pub­lish­ers was a para­mount task between 1948-1956.
Widening the Use of Mediation in the Domestic Criminal Justice System
Authors: Hezam Leila Melinda
Published: July 2022

In Hun­gary, crim­inal me­di­ation is avail­able for crimes against per­sons, prop­erty and traffic of­fences. The legal re­quire­ment is, on the one hand, that the per­pet­rator ad-mits to the crime and, on the other hand, that the per­pet­rator com­pensates for the dam­age caused, pun­ish­able by im­pris­on­ment of up to three years, within the frame­work of the me­di­ation pro­ced­ure. If the above con­junct­ive con­di­tions are met, the of­fender is not pun­ish­able. The legal reg­u­la­tion of the me­di­ation pro­ced­ure in Hun­gary has un­der­gone changes in the last few years which jus­tify the con­clu­sion that the ex­ten­sion of the me­di­ation pro­ced­ure is a le­git­im­ate le­gis­lat­ive ob­ject­ive in Hun­gary. This is evid­enced by the fact that crim­inal me­di­ation can be used even if the of­fence in ques­tion is not pun­ish­able by law with a prison sen­tence of more than five years. In this case, the sen­tence may be re­duced without limit. However, under the cur­rent na­tional le­gis­la­tion, crim­inal me­di­ation is ex­cluded if the of­fender is a re­peat of­fender, and it is not avail­able if the of­fender is serving a cus­todial sen­tence with a final court de­cision. Me­di­ation is there­fore still a lim­ited in­sti­tu­tion, des­pite the con­tinu­ous de­mand for its ex­pan­sion, and its pos­it­ive be­ne­fits, such as the joint pro­cessing of trauma ex­per­i­enced by the vic­tim and the of­fender, the pos­sib­il­ity of re­par­a­tion, or the pro­mo­tion of so­cial bond­ing, are not fully in­teg­rated into the re-in­teg­ra­tion policy of pris­ons. In­stead, pris­ons use the so-called main­stream re­in­teg­ra­tion tools, with par­tic­u­lar at­ten­tion to edu­ca­tion and forms of em­ploy­ment.
La ética como etología. Naturalización de un problema filosófico
Authors: Caicedo Oscar
Published: July 2022

Naturalizar ciertos problemas filosóficos no es tan problemático hoy como lo fue hace décadas. La excesiva especulación a la hora de reflexionar sobre ciertos temas, ha dado paso, paulatinamente, a una filosofía informada científicamente. En este artículo se intenta presentar un enfoque biologizado de la ética, teniendo en cuenta la información procedente de la etología, las ciencias cognitivas y las neurociencias. Interrogantes como ¿por qué somos buenos?, ¿por qué somos egoístas? o ¿por qué cooperamos?, preguntas todas ellas procedentes de la ética, serán analizadas desde la perspectiva de la filosofía de la biología y la neurofilosofía.
Application of Canine-Derived Enterococcus faecium DSM 32820 in Dogs with Acute Idiopathic Diarrhoea
Authors: Kubašová Ivana , Štempelová Lucia , Maďari Aladár , Bujňáková Dobroslava , Micenková Lenka , Strompfová Viola
Published: July 2022

Modulation of the intestinal microbiota through the application of probiotic bacteria is currently one possible way to improve gastrointestinal health in dogs. Knowledge on the efficacy of lactic acid bacteria in a diarrhoeic disorder of dogs is still spreading; however, the used or commercialized strains are often not of canine origin. In this study, E. faecium DSM 32820 strain (a canine isolate selected in our laboratory based on safety and probiotic criteria) was fed to nine dogs suffering from acute non-haemorrhagic diarrhoea at a dose of 1×109 CFU/ml for 7 days. Samples of feces and blood were taken on day 0 and 7. Evaluation of the CIBDAI (Canine Intestinal Bowel Disease activity index) score showed significantly lower vomiting frequency, stool frequency, stool consistency and weight loss at day 7 compared to day 0 (P<0.05). The 16S rRNA gene analysis revealed Firmicutes as the predominant phylum on both sampling days (72.0% vs. 67.9%, day 0 and 7) followed by Proteobacteria (13.4% vs. 6.0%), Actinobacteria (10.0% vs 13.5%), Fusobacteria (4.2% vs. 2.3%) and Bacteroidetes (0.4% vs. 10.4%). The abundance of family Erysipelotrichiaceae was higher on day 7 compared to the initial levels (P<0.05). Among 19 detected fecal enzymatic activities, five (α-chymotrypsin, β-glucuronidase, α-fucosidase, β-galactosidase, N-acetyl-glucosaminidase) were changed (P<0.05). After the application of the DSM 32820 strain, mean fecal dry matter was significantly higher on day 7 compared to baseline (P< 0.05). Although hematological and biochemical parameters in the blood were not significantly different on average, individual values of certain parameters in several dogs were improved.
Effects of Diazepam on Hematological and Histological Parameters in Rats /in Vivoand Unbiased Stereological Investigation
Authors: Grahovac Jovana , Ivanković Milenka , Dekić Radoslav , Paraš Smiljana
Published: July 2022

Diazepam-based drugs are widely used today in human treatment. Diazepam may be a primary drug aimed at treating neurological diseases or an associated drug in the treatment of other diseases in the purpose of symptomatic therapy. The sedative effect of diazepam characterizes it as a drug that people usually use on their own and without a doctor’s supervision. Directly, but also through influencing the nervous system, diazepam disrupts proper functioning of all body organs. The purpose of this paper was to examine the effects of diazepam on blood and cytohistological parameters of rats in anin vivoexperiment. Mallory-Azan and immunochistochemical staining methods BLX-CX and Survivin tissues of liver, kidney and spleen of rats were used to achieve the set goal. Cytometric analysis of rats detected cells in apoptosis and measurements of stereological parameters were made using a system according to Cavalier’s principle. Results of analysis of hematological and histological parameters indicate a detrimental effect of diazepam on blood parameters, as well as on structure and functioning of the liver, kidneys and spleen of rats. This paper is a foundation for further detailed scientific research with the aim of elucidating all harmful effects that diazepam has on all organs in the body of rats. This data could serve as a starting point for future studies in clinical pharmacology on therapeutic protocols for usage of diazepam-based sedatives.
Analytical and Numerical Analysis of Injection Pump (Stepped) Shaft Vibrations Using Timoshenko Theory
Authors: Noga Stanisław , Rejman Edward , Bałon Paweł , Kiełbasa Bartłomiej , Smusz Robert , Szostak Janusz
Published: July 2022

The free transverse vibrations of shafts with complex geometry are studied using analytical methods and numerical simulations. A methodology is proposed for evaluating the results of a natural transverse vibration analysis as generated by finite element (FE) models of a shaft with compound geometry. The effectiveness of the suggested approach is tested using an arbitrarily chosen model of the injection pump shaft. The required analytical models of the transverse vibrations of stepped shafts are derived based on the Timoshenko thick beam theory. The separation of variables method is used to find the needed solutions to the free vibrations. The eigenvalue problem is formulated and solved by using the FE representation for the shaft and for each shaft-simplified model. The results for these models are discussed and compared. Additionally, the usefulness of the Myklestad–Prohl (MP) method in the field of preliminary analysis of transverse vibration of complex shaft systems is indicated. It is important to note that the solutions proposed in this paper could be useful for engineers dealing with the dynamics of various types of machine shafts with low values of operating speeds.
Maximum Likelihood and L2 Environmental Indices in Joint Regression Analysis
Authors: Pereira Dulce Gamito
Published: July 2022

This paper describes an iterative analysis of incomplete genotype × environment data. L

2 environmental indices were introduced to enable the use of Joint Regression Analysis (JRA) in analyzing experiments with incomplete blocks. We now show how, once normality of yields is assumed, the introduction of L2 environmental indices provides a theoretical framework for Joint Regression Analysis. Using this framework, maximum likelihood estimators are obtained and likelihood ratio tests are derived. It is noted that the technique allows unequal weighting of data, and the special case of complete blocks is discussed.
On a construction procedure for split-block-plot designs based on the Khatri–Rao product of incidence matrices
Authors: Ambroży-Deręgowska Katarzyna , Mejza Iwona
Published: July 2022

The construction of incomplete split-block-plot (SBP) designs for three-factor experiments is investigated. A semi-Kronecker (Khatri–Rao) product of matrices is used in the construction procedure. With this method some generated designs are obtained where column treatments and subplot treatments are allocated in balanced square lattice designs, while row treatments are in a randomized complete block design. Experiments with an orthogonal block structure are considered. In this paper we consider designs which are generally balanced. This allows us to give the stratum efficiency factors for treatment combination contrasts in the proposed split-block-plot designs.
Coral Reef Conditions At the Snorkeling Spots of the Karimunjawa National Park, Indonesia
Authors: Purnomo Pujiono Wahyu , Purwanti Frida , Akhmad Dhanar Syahrizal
Published: July 2022

Karimunjawa as a marine national park has attracted tourists to come and explore coral reefs. The reefs are under increasing pressure from the development of underwater tourist activities so it is necessary to pay attention to the reef condition to maintain its sustainability. This study was conducted in September 2019 by examining the condition of coral reefs in the most visited snorkeling spots based on information from tour operators, i.e. the Ujung Bintang, Maer and Karang Sendok spots. Data was collected using a 20 m line belt transect to count coral cover and was analyzed using coral morphology triangles to assess the Coral Condition Index (CCI) and Impact Severity Index (ISI). The condition of coral reef cover at the Ujung Bintang and Maer spots were in the “good” category based on the CCI, while at the Karang Sendok spot the corals were in the “bad” category based on the ISI. The three snorkeling spots have competition-adapted (K) morphology, which means that the coral reefs are dominated by non-Acropora corals associated with coral reefs with high waves. The dominant life form at the Ujung Bintang spot was foliose corals, at the Maer spot, it was foliose coral and non-Acropora branching corals, while at the Karang Sendok it was Acropora, which is more vulnerable than foliose and massive corals. The CCI at the three spots was in the “good” category as there are healthy coral colonies, whereas the ISI was in the “poor” category since partially and recently dead coral colonies were found there. The coral colony damage in the spots was dominated by bleached coral colonies and partially dead coral colonies.
Water Quality from the Sources of Non-Centralized Water Supply within the Rural Settlements of Zhytomyr Region
Authors: Herasymchuk Liudmyla , Romanchuk Liudmyla , Valerko Ruslana
Published: July 2022

The research was conducted within the territories of rural settlements of Zhytomyr region. A total of 72 sources of non-centralized water supply were surveyed. Water quality was assessed by physical and chemical (pH, iron total, total water hardness) and toxicological (nitrites, nitrates, and ammonium) indicators, the content of which was compared with the norms given in the State Sanitary Regulations and Standards 2.2.4-171-10 “Hygienic Requirements for Drinking Water Intended for Human Consumption.” The assessment of drinking water quality was carried out in accordance with DSTU (National Standards of Ukraine) 4808:2007 and with the water quality index (WQI). It was found that the largest deviations from the norm among toxicological indicators were observed for nitrates – 63.9%. In terms of water quality classes according to DSTU 4808:2007, drinking water from sources of non-centralized water supply of villages showed the following distribution: 2.8% of the samples belonged to class 1 (excellent water quality), 72.2% to class 2, and 25% to class 3. According to WQI, 16.7% of the examined sources of non-centralized water supply had excellent water, 63.9% had good water, and 19.4% had poor water. Despite the fact that the water from the investigated sources of non-centralized water supply was of acceptable quality, it is impotable due to the excessive nitrate content. The results obtained show that there is a need for monitoring of drinking water quality from the sources of non-centralized water supply, especially in rural settlements that are not provided with centralized water supply.
Assessment of the Population Status of Allium Oschaninii O. Fedtsch. In the Mountains of Uzbekistan
Authors: Saribaeva Shakhnoza , Abduraimov Ozodbek , Allamuratov Akmal
Published: July 2022

Currently, the genetic resources of plants are on the verge of gradual disappearance, called genetic erosion. The erosion of genetic diversity implies the loss of diverse genes in individual plant species. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the collection and conservation of genetic resources of endangered plants for future use. The aim of this study is to research the natural coenopopulation of the ancestral species of cultivated plant, Allium oschaninii in the mountains of Uzbekistan. Field studies were conducted in nine coenopopulations in the Turkestan, Gissar, and Alai ranges. For each coenopopulation, a phytocoenotic characteristic given on the sites of 100 m2. When determining the structure of A. oschaninii and the characteristics of the coenopopulation, transects from 10 to 30 sites of 1 m2 were established. The condition of the coenopopulation was assessed by the age structure of A. oschaninii and using a demographic indicator. We found that the condition of the coenopopulation is normal, but incomplete. The condition of the coenopopulations 1, 8, 9 is under threat due to anthropogenic load (overgrazing) and unfavorable factors of the ecotype. The ontogenetic spectrum is centered with a peak on average generative individuals and does not coincide with the characteristic one. Coenopopulations with a left-sided type, with a predominance of juvenile individuals, are formed on stony-gravelly, fine-grained gravel, and soft-soil mountain plains. By biological nature, the ontogenetic spectrum of A. oschaninii is left- sided, with an absolute maximum on one of the pregenerative groups. According to the demographic indicators, in diverse communities and in low-mountain and medium-category habitats and in a static substrate with grazing, the coenopopulation is young, mature, and in a transitional state.
The Value of Protected Areas Ranger Service Personnel for Biodiversity Monitoring: Case Study in Paklenica National Park (Croatia)
Authors: Bišćan Matko , Lukač Gordan , Špalj Franjo , Blagajac Rea , Jelić Dušan , Maguire Ivana , Massolo Alessandro
Published: July 2022

To preserve the long-term survival of habitats and wildlife, it is necessary to monitor their status. In protected areas, that is, biodiversity centres, rangers have excellent knowledge of specific locations and they spend a large amount of time in the field. But since rangers are not required to have a university degree, the question is whether they can be an added value in baseline survey monitoring. To investigate this issue, a case study was conducted in the Paklenica National Park (Paklenica NP), Croatia, using camera trapping survey between 2011 and 2016 at 22 camera sites. The aims of this survey were (1) to collect baseline data of mammalian diversity, (2) to analyse the regulatory effect of top predators on the trophic pyramid through top–down effects and (3) to estimate the data gathered by ranger service from the Paklenica NP. Data gathered through this study represents the first peer-reviewed list of medium- to large-sized mammals for Paklenica NP, as up till now, there is no peer-reviewed published paper of Paklenica NP mammalian diversity. Results showed that the recorded top predator–mesopredator–prey ratios were concordant with the trophic pyramid hypothesis. Also, as it was expected according to the literature, species richness indices were higher when top predators were present. On analysing the costs for conducting camera trapping survey by external and internal services, a significant difference was observed. Internal rangers’ cost was nine times lower than the external service cost. Future research run by rangers needs to be conducted in way to capture all mammalian biodiversity. Therefore, we propose camera trapping methodology for rangers in the protected areas since this may be an invaluable tool for biodiversity monitoring.
Right ventricle remodeling in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Liu Jixiang , Yang Peiran , Tian Han , Zhen Kaiyuan , McCabe Colm , Zhao Lan , Zhai Zhenguo
Published: July 2022

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is an underdiagnosed, but potentially curable pulmonary vascular disease. The increased pulmonary vascular resistance in CTEPH is caused by unresolved proximal thrombus and secondary microvasculopathy in the pulmonary vasculature, leading to adaptive and maladaptive remodeling of the right ventricle (RV), eventual right heart failure, and death. Knowledge on the RV remodeling process in CTEPH is limited. The progression to RV failure in CTEPH is a markedly slower process. A detailed understanding of the pathophysiology and underlying mechanisms of RV remodeling may facilitate early diagnosis and the development of targeted therapy. While ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, right heart catheterization, and serum biomarkers have been used to assess cardiac function, the current treatment strategies reduce the afterload of the right heart, but are less effective in improving the maladaptive remodeling of the right heart. This review systematically summarizes the current knowledge on adaptive and maladaptive remodeling of the right heart in CTEPH from molecular mechanisms to clinical practice.
The drama of contemporary dance in Latvia and the dance performance Out
Authors: Jonīte Dita
Published: July 2022

Based on Henrik Ibsen’s famous drama Brand, Olga Žitluhina’s dance performance Out (Ārā, 2013) presents certain parallels with the choreographer’s artistic and pedagogic strategies and the development of contemporary dance in Latvia. First, both Ibsen’s play (often also defined as a tragedy) and Žitluhina’s pedagogic activities trace the pursuit of personal ideals as a journey of overcoming mistakes and physical and mental challenges. Second, just as the tragic protagonist of Brand and Out can see beyond what ordinary people can see to predict and envision the future, Žitluhina has a vision of contemporary dance in Latvia and has worked tirelessly since the mid-1990s to develop this genre from scratch. She has contributed to dance with many major initiatives: establishing a professional dance association; producing dozens of dance performances; leading the artistic direction of the international contemporary dance festival Time to Dance; and creating a study programme at the Latvian Academy of Culture dedicated entirely to contemporary dance. This creative process has always been accompanied by funding difficulties, organizational problems and negative attitudes towards Žitluhina, her personality and her uncompromising artistic stance. Inspired by Olga Žitluhina’s dance performance Out, this article explores her contributions as choreographer and teacher to the development of contemporary dance and art in Latvia.