bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Brain Functions in Conversion Disorder with PET/MRI
Authors: Tatlı S.Z. , Özkan E. , Araz M. , Erden M.İ. , Şentürk Cankorur V.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Since there is no objective criteria, unique clinical symptom or laboratory test to make the diagnosis of conversion disorder; its diagnosis and treatment is challenging which leads to a poor prognosis.

Objectives

The aim of this study is to investigate the brain metabolic activity of patients with conversion disorder with PET/MRI.

Methods

12 conversion disorder patients were included. Somatosensory Amplification Scale, Somatoform Dissociation Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-15, Toronto Alexithymia Scale were filled in by the participants. Neurological, mental status examinations, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised Form (WAIS-R) and brain F18-FDG-PET/MRI were performed. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5, Hamilton Depression and Anxiety Scales were administered.

Results

83% of the patients were female, the mean age was 33 years and average education period was 10,2 years. WAIS-R total scores were consistent with low avarage intelligence level.Cerebral hypermetabolism was detected in the primary visual cortex. Average regional brain metabolic activity had a tendency to increase in bilateral prefrontal, right sensorimotor (SM),cingulate,right inferior parietal,occipital lateral,right temporal lateral cortices and cerebellum. Each region was metabolically correlated with the homologous contralateral regions. Significant correlations in the same direction was found between frontal and occipital lateral & primary visual cortices; cerebellum and left sensorimotor cortex; anterior cingulate cortex(ACC) and superior parietal cortex & cerebellum. No correlations were found between ACC and left SM cortex.

Conclusions

Findings of our study indicate that there are moderate changes in regional brain metabolic activities and inter-regional correlations in patients with conversion disorder. In order to confirm these findings, furter functional neuroimaging studies are needed.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Neurotrophics correlates and functional remediation in bipolar disorder. A pilot study
Authors: Accardo V. , Barlati S. , Vita A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a complex mental disorder. Cognitive dysfunction represents a core feature, strongly related with patients’ functional outcome. Functional Remediation (FR), is an integrated neuropsychological and psychosocial rehabilitation treatment aimed at enhancing cognitive functions in order to achieve full functional recovery(Torrent et al., 2013). Evidence highlighted an association of neurotrophins and cognitive dysfunctions. Particularly, BDNF has been investigated a potential biomarker. Preliminary studies explored the effects induced through FR interventions on serum BDNF levels(Bonnin et al., 2019). Evidences suggest that high BDNF serum levels are related to good cognitive functioning(Mora et al., 2019). Results require further explorations. The present pilot study targets to identify the neurobiological correlates of response, investigating the potential neuroprotective role of the FR.

Objectives

Assess the effectiveness of FR in ameliorate cognitive deficits measured with BAC-A and psychosocial functioning with FAST, in modifying BDNF levels in a sample of euthymic patients with BD, compared to standard treatment.

Methods

Two arms(1:1)randomized, rater-blinded, controlled study of 30out-patients with BD-I and BD-II, according to DSM-5 criteria. Patients between 18 and 55 years in euthymic phase. Neurocognitive and clinical assessments, at the same times, serum assessment of BDNF levels will be performed.

All patients will be assessed at baseline(T0), at the end of treatment(T1) and at the 3-month follow-up(T2).

Results

After treatment, patients receiving FR show better cognitive and psychosocial performance than those receiving TAU.

Conclusions

Given the important role of neutrophins in the pathogenesis of BD, identifying BD-specific biomarkers would contribute to understand the underlying neuro-pathophysiological processes and to personalize treatments.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Biological determinants of functioning in euthymic patients with Bipolar Disorder: A multicentric 3-year cohort study
Authors: Cañada Y. , García-Blanco A. , Navalón P. , Sanchez Autet M. , De La Fuente Tomas L. , Garcia-Portilla M.P. , Arranz B. , Sierra San Miguel P.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Bipolar disorder is related with functional impairment in euthymia. The contribution of biological functions such as sleep, sexual functioning; or the presence of obesity on this loss remain understudied.

Objectives

The aim of this work was to study the influence of biological determinants in context with clinical and demographical determinants of functioning in a 3-year cohort of euthymic BD patients.

Methods

In this multicentric study 67 euthymic adult bipolar outpatients were followed during three years. Functioning was assessed with FAST, insomnia severity with Oviedo Sleep Questionnaire (OSQ) and, sexual functioning with Changes on Sexual Functioning Questionnaire (CSFQ-14) and obesity was expressed as body mass index (BMI). The basal effect of sleep, sexual functioning and obesity (Time 0) on FAST (Time 3) was analyzed with a mixed ordinal regression model including time effect, age, sex, number of manic and depressive episodes, euthymia length, and comorbidity with personality disorder. Change in functioning (Time 3 to 0) was analyzed in another mixed model also considering the difference in biological determinants (Time 3 to 0) and the presence of mood episodes during the period.

Results

A basal worse sexual functioning, a higher severity of insomnia and a higher BMI predicted a worse functioning at three years (p=0.005, p=0.043, p=0.05 respectively). Regarding FAST difference from Time0 to 3, only having a manic episode related to an impairment on functioning (p=0.027).

Conclusions

Sexual functioning, quality of sleep and BMI are predictors of functioning in euthymia in BD. Manic episodes in the following contribute to impairments on functioning more than depressive episodes.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Bipolar disorders and suicide: stumbling twice with the same stone?
Authors: Sagué-Vilavella M. , Fico G. , Anmella G. , Giménez-Palomo A. , Gómez-Ramiro M. , Pons Cabrera M. , Madero S. , Vieta E. , Murru A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Suicide is the most terrible outcome of bipolar disorders (BD). It impacts families and healthcare professionals deeply. Family history of suicide (FHS) is one of its main risk factors, whereas lithium treatment and absence of substance use disorders (SUD) are two of its few modifiable protective factors.

Objectives

To explore the relationship between FHS and clinical characteristics in BD. We hypothesized that FHS would be associated with less SUD, higher rates of lithium treatment and shorter duration of untreated illness (DUI).

Methods

Cross-sectional analysis of subjects with BD followed-up in a specialised outpatient unit (Barcelona, October’08-March’18). We described data with measures of frequency, central tendency and dispersion, and we used χ², Fisher’s test and t-tests for comparisons.

Results

The sample consisted of 83 subjects, 56.6% males, mean age 41.9 years (SD 12.7). 74.7% (n=62) had a diagnosis of BD-I and 25.3% (n=21) of BD-II. 11 subjects (13.3%) had FHS. Those with FHS did not show significant differences in sociodemographic data, DUI (58.5+/-60.4 vs 38.19+/-84.9 months, p=0.341), lithium use (72.7% vs 73.6%, p=0.95) or SUD (27.3% vs 23.6%, p=0.79). There were differences in terms of lifetime suicide attempts (54.5% vs 20.8%, p=0.026), family history of mental disorders (100% vs 69.4%, n=0.032).

Conclusions

Contrary to our hypothesis, FHS was not associated with the modifiable protective factors against suicide (namely, less SUD and more lithium prescription). Similarly, we did not find an association with earlier access to mental health services at symptom onset (DUP as proxy). Therefore, our results suggest FHS does not modify attitudes towards prevention.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Assessment the functioning and disability in children with mental disorders
Authors: Díaz-Castro L. , Cabello-Rangel H.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Despite youth’s high Global Burden of Disease there is a substantial service delivery gap between this population’s urgent needs and their access to health services. Because attention has remained under-prioritized (Babatunde et al., 2019), youth typically do not receive the treatment they require, i.e., they present an unmet need (Barwick et al., 2013). This is particularly problematic given that untreated mental disorders (MD) are associated with short-term and long-term functional deterioration.

Objectives

To determine the level of functioning of children who receive mental healthcare in the selected psychiatric hospitals of Mexico.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted during 2018-2020. Sample of children who received mental healthcare at the time of the study. Questionnaire for the evaluation of disability WHODAS 2.0 (World Health Organization-Disability Assessment Schedule) was applied. T test and analysis of variance were applied to know the differences of means of the variables and indicators.

Results

Sample (n= 397), 63% were boys. Mean (SD) for Age: 12 (3.6) and schooling: 5.8 (3.6). 51% (n =202) of children reported having a generic diagnosis for hyperkinetic disorders and 34% depressive disorder. WHODAS scores: significant differences in the functioning domains (Do). Mean and (SD) for Do5 Life activities domestic: 45 (26.7); Do6 Social participation:37 (20.6); and Do1 cognition: 36.6 (19.3). Figure 1.

Conclusions

The children with MD are more vulnerable due to the associated disability and it requires specific heath interventions adapted to their mental health care needs. References: 1) Babatunde et al. (2021). Glob.Soc.Welfare 8, 29–46. 2) Barwick et al. (2013). J.evid.based.soc.work, 10(4), 338–352.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Predicting involuntary admission among patients with psychotic disorder
Authors: Perfalk E. , Hansen L. , Nielbo K. , Danielsen A. , Dinesen S.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Involuntary admissions are increasing in numbers across Europe.1 They can be traumatic for the patients2 and are associated with large societal costs.3 Individuals with psychotic disorder are at particularly elevated risk of involuntary admission.

Objectives

This study aims to investigate whether machine learning methods including natural language processing can predict involuntary admission among patients with psychotic disorder.

Methods

We have obtained a dataset based on electronic health records for all patients having had at least one contact with the psychiatric services in the Central Denmark Region from 2011 to 2021. This dataset covers more than 120,000 patients, of which approximately 10,000 have been diagnosed with a psychotic disorder. The dataset contains both structured data, such as diagnoses, blood tests etc., as well as unstructured data (text). We will train machine learning models, basic logistic regression-models as well as state-of-the-art neural networks, to predict involuntary admission after contacts to the psychiatric services.

Results

As the machine learning models are under development, no results are available at this time. Preliminary results are expected in spring 2022.

Conclusions

If involuntary admission can be predicted among patients with psychotic disorder based on data from electronic health records, it will pave the way for potentially preventive interventions. References: 1. Sheridans-Rains, L et al., 2019 2. Frueh, B.C et al., 2005 3. Smith,S., 2020

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
The Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Mother-Infant Mental Health Relationship
Authors: Kurimay T.
Published: September 2022

Maternal health cannot be separated from infant, child and adolescent health, which includes mental health as well. Expecting mothers go through a number of changes during their pregnancy. Due to the specific alterations of their physique and immune system, pregnant mothers are more vulnerable to the Covid-19 infection. This highlights the importance of the vaccinations in their cases. During the pandemic, mental health problems such as anxiety, depression and stress aroused in greater numbers. This affected mothers, and younger children as well. Expecting mothers, without pre-existing mental disorder (>50%) reported a weightier level of anxiety in their first trimester. Also, infants can suffer developmental disadvantages, as their infected mothers are separated from them. Even though evidence is not yet clear in this topic, vertical transmission seems to be fairly uncommon. Treatment guidelines, that could help Covid-19 infected mothers to handle their infants, are scarce. Hence the importance of telehealth has started to be outlined. Separation from the children might be necessary, while the mental health of mother and infant is continuously screened, since the long-term consequences of the symptoms are still unknown. Hence, prevention is imperative to avoid any negative effects. Even still, WHO advises mothers to breastfeed safely, with good respiratory hygiene, emphasizing the importance of skin-to-skin contact of newborns and sharing the room with them. On policy level: investment into pre-, peri-, post-natal care, family supporting national programs, inter-sectoral collaborations, monitoring and research are important elements of prevention and treatment efforts during the Epidemic and the post-Covid-19
era.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Clinical impact of functional CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 gene variants on treatment outcomes in patients with depression: a Danish cohort study
Authors: Thiele L. , Ishtiak-Ahmed K. , Thirstrup J. , Lunenburg C. , Müller D. , Gasse C.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Pharmacogenetic (PGx) targets to optimize drug therapy, but its implementation is rare.

Objectives

We evaluate the clinical utility of PGx testing in psychiatry by investigating the one-year risks of clinical outcomes in patients with depression taking sertraline, (es)citalopram or fluoxetine by their Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19/2D6 phenotypes.

Methods

We investigated 17,297 individuals born between 1981-2005 with a depression diagnosis between 1996-2012 from the iPsych2012 case-cohort. Based on array-based single-nucleotide-polymorphism genotype data, individuals were phenotyped as CYP2C19/CYP2D6 normal (NM, reference group), ultra-rapid- (UM), rapid- (RM), intermediate- (IM), or poor-metabolizer (PM). Outcomes were treatment switching or discontinuation, psychiatric in-, out-, and emergency room contacts (ER), and suicide attempt/self-harm. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) by age groups were estimated using Poisson regression analysis with 95% confidence intervals, adjusted for potential confounders.

Results

Risks of switching (IRR=1.89[1.22-2.93]), ERs (1.69 [1.01-2.81]) and suicide attempt/self-harm (2.73 [1.49-5.01]) were higher in CYP2C19 PMs <19 years taking (es)citalopram. Fluoxetine users <19 years had a decreased risk of discontinuation in CYP2D6 PMs (0.5 [0.27-0.95]) and decreased risk of out-patient contacts in CYP2D6 PMs and IMs (IRRIM=0.83 [0.68-1.00] and IRRPM=0.59 [ 0.37-0.96]). We observed an increased risk for ERs in CYP2D6 PMs aged 19-25 years taking fluoxetine (4.53 [1.54-13.35]). In CYP2C19 UMs >25 years taking (es)citalopram the risk of suicide attempt/self-harm was more than three-fold increased (3.64 [ 1.01-13.19]). We found no significant results in users of sertraline.

Conclusions

PGx variability was associated with treatment outcomes in depression in patients with CYP2C19 PM or UM status taking (es)citalopram, or CYP2D6 PM or IM status taking fluoxetine.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Body mass index and depressive rumination are positively associated with each other only in case of GG genotype of catenin alpha 2 gene rs13412541 variant
Authors: Eszlari N. , Bagyura Z. , Millinghoffer A. , Nagy T. , Juhasz G. , Antal P. , Merkely B. , Bagdy G.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Catenin alpha 2 gene (CTNNA2) is important in the stability of hippocampal synapses and also in brain development. Our recent paper (Eszlari et al, Pharmaceuticals 2021, 14, 850) has demonstrated that rumination on sad mood mediates the association of CTNNA2 only towards psychiatric symptoms, but not towards cardiovascular risk phenotypes.

Objectives

Our present aim was to test the moderating role of rumination and its two subtypes, brooding and reflection, in genetic associations between CTNNA2 and the same cardiovascular risk phenotypes.

Methods

633 unrelated subjects from the Budakalasz Health Examination Survey with non-missing phenotypic data, and 160 single-nucleotide CTNNA2 variants remaining after quality control, were included. Linear regression models were run in Plink 1.9 for separate outcomes of body mass index (BMI), and Framingham risk scores for cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke. With each variant, predictors were the variant, rumination or its subtype, the variant x rumination interaction, sex, age, and the top ten principal components of the genome. 100,000 label-swapping max(T) permutation was applied for the interaction term within each analysis.

Results

While no significant interaction term survived the familywise permutation, two trends emerged. Namely, BMI seems to have positive association with rumination and its maladaptive brooding subtype only in case of GG genotype of rs13412541, otherwise no association can be detected.

Conclusions

Although replication is needed in larger samples, the relationship between rumination and BMI, conditional on CTNNA2 genotype, can be important in atypical depression, thus may contribute to stratification of depressed patients.

Disclosure

The study was supported by the New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Innovation and Technology from the source of the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund (ÚNKP-21-4-II-SE-1); and by 2019-2.1.7-ERA-NET-2020-00005.
Psychofarmacological approach for Binge- eating disorders
Authors: Muñoz Martinez V. , Beato-Fernández L. , Segura-Escobar E.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Binge-eating disorder (BED), is one of the most common eating disorder. Treatment aims to reduce binge-eating frequency and disordered eating–related cognitions, improve metabolic health and weight, and regulate mood (in patients with coexisting depression or anxiety)

Objectives

The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate in a simple of 50 women with a binge eating disorder diagnosis compare with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor

Methods

Two groups were made, one with lisdexamfetamine and the other with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (fluoxetine). 20 women were in each group (total n=40). The doses depend of the binge symptoms and rates were from 30 to 70md/day for lisdexamfetamine and for fluoxetine the doses were from 20 to 60mg/day.

Results

Binge behaviors decreased with a 50mg/day dose of lisdexamfetamine. The 70mg/day doses present also less binge behaviors but also more adverse events. The 30mg/day doses did not decrease binge-eating behaviors.

Conclusions

Lisdexamfetamine is the first pharmacological agent to receive FDA approval for use in adults with moderate to severe binge eating disorder. This study supports further assessment of lisdexamfetamine as a treatment option for decreasing binge eating behavior and also symptoms associated such as anxiety and obsessive and compulsive features in adults.Increased efficacy with increasing dosages of lisdexamfetamine suggests a dose-response relationship until 50mg/day. Women with a dose of 50mg/day of lisdexamfetamine report less adverse event, more adherence to treatment and improve their eating behaviors.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Clinical phenotypes of autism spectrum disorders and epilepsy comorbidity
Authors: Skrypnyk T.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

ASD with epileptic seizures (ES) and/or specific epileptic activity on EEG (EEG SEA) and repetitive movements and vocalizations (RMV) can be determined by different variants of genetic polymorphism or by different variants of gene expression, determined by different influences.

Objectives

To study the features of the clinical phenotype of ASD in preschool and school-age children with ES, EEG SEA and RMV.

Methods

: The study group was divided 116 children aged 2-10 years with ASD into three subgroups: subgroup A - 23 children with a history of ES, subgroup B - 35 children with EEG SEA without ES, subgroup C - 19 children with ASD having EEG SEA, RMV (motor stereotypes, motor tics and/or vocal tics). The control group consisted of 39 children with ASD non a history of ES and EEG SEA.

Results

: Children with ASD, complicated by severe and frequent ES are charactered by impaired social reciprocity and communication against the background of regression / stagnation of speech and motor skills development (aOR: 2,7 [1,7-4,8]). Disoders of communication and repetitive behavior in ASD in children of different ages are represented by different monoqualitative syndrome (phenotypes). Movement stereotypes predominated in children with ASD without ES and without EEG SEA (aOR: [1,8-7,9]). In children with ASD and EEG SEA, motor stereotypes and repetitive behavior were equally common ([SD] 2.1 -1, P =0.81).

Conclusions

: Disorders of social reciprocity, communication, repetitive behavior are diagnostically significant for ASD complicated by ES, ASD with EEG SEA.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Psychological well-being in Hungarian students with specific learning disorders (SpLD)
Authors: Dudok R. , Pikó B.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The specific learning disorders (SpLD) are neurology based development disorders which are characterized by significant difficulties in acquiring learning skills. SpLD are often accompanied by mental health problems because of emotional and behavioral consequences of the diagnosis. While the presence of SpLD can worsen psychological well-being among school aged children, resilience factors can neutralize these harmful effects.

Objectives

The aim of this research is to identify protective factors promoting development of psychologial well-being and mental health in adolescents with SpLD compared to a control group of peers without this diagnosis.

Methods

Hungarian primary school students (N = 174; M = 13.34 years, SD = 1.14) participated in the study aged between 11 to 15 years. Of these, 23.6% students had a SpLD diagnosis. Participants completed a paper pencil-based questionnaire that included: EPOCH Psychological Well-being Questionnaires of Adolescent, WHO Well-being Index, Satisfaction With Life Scale, Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale, The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and Self-regulation Scale.

Results

Psychological well-being in both groups shows positive correlation (p<0.01) with general well-being, satisfaction with life, social support, self-esteem and self-control. In the SpLD group, the engagement and connectedness subscales do not relate to the general well-being and life satisfaction, in contrast with the control group in which these are associated with both. Self-control shows stronger correlation with general well-being and with engagement and connectedness subscales as compared to the control group (p<0.01).

Conclusions

There are differences in contributing factors of general psychological well-being in adolescents with SpLD and those without this diagnosis.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Results of Maladaptive Behavior Gender Characteristics Diagnostics in Primary School Children with Disabilities (Pilot Study)
Authors: Fadeeva E. , Shakun E.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The maladaptive children behavior analysis is important for determining effective methods of prevention and care.

Objectives

The aim of the study was to identify general and gender-specific features of maladaptive behavior in children of primary school age with disabilities.

Methods

The sample included 77 children 8.6±1.03 years of age, among them 57 boys and 20 girls. Maladaptive children behavior was assessed using VABS. The statistical significance of the differences between variables was determined by Pearson`s Chi-squared test. Indicators of maladaptive behavior were assessed by calculation of frequency distribution and contingency tables.

Results

Maladaptive behavior features common for both genders included impulsivity, physical aggression, taunting, teasing and bullying, insensitivity to others, having poor eye contact. Having a hard time paying attention was statistically significantly more common among boys (p≤0.05). Boys were more likely to disobey and defy those in authority, to lie, cheat or steal. A specific feature of maladaptive behavior for girls was having eating difficulties and overly dependent behavior on caregivers or siblings. Comparative analysis of the additional VABS section results showed that obsession with thoughts or activities predominated among boys, as well as expression of thoughts that do not make sense. The following indicators were found only in boys: strange habits or ways (makes repetitive noises, odd hand movements, etc.) (14%), bizarre speech (conversations with self in public, repeating the same word or phrase, etc.) (7%).

Conclusions

Described signs of children’s maladjustment can be used for the purposes of diagnostics, prevention and care.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
A Comparative Study of Adolescent Social Withdrawal (Hikikomori) in Japan and France
Authors: Hamasaki Y. , Dorard G. , Tajan N. , Hikida T. , Pionnié‑Dax N.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Previously, we conducted a statistical case-control study of adolescent Hikikomori patients in Japan using the Parental Assessment of Psychological, Behavioral and Environment Scales. That study did not reveal any pathologies specific to Hikikomori patients. On the other hand, environmental factors such as “lack of communication between parents” and “overuse of the Internet” were shown to be significant predictors of Hikikomori severity.

Objectives

In this study, using the same methodology as our previous study in Japan, we conducted a case-control study in France. The following questions were examined : (1) whether the pathology of Hikikomori patients in Japan and France is the same, and (2) whether the environmental factors associated with the severity of Hikikomori are the same in Japan and France.

Methods

Using CBCL and our original scales, we descriptive-statistically compared clinical and subclinical psycho-behavioral characteristics of adolescent Hikikomori patients and a control group. In addition, environmental factors that make Hikikomori more severe were clarified by multiple regression analysis.

Results

The results showed that there was no difference in the pathology of Hikikomori between Japan and France. On the other hand, the statistical predictors of Hikikomori severity were “lack of communication between parents and children” and “Lack of communication with the community,” which differed from those in Japan.

Conclusions

Although it is safe to assume that Japanese and French Hikikomori’s pathology is generally the same, different strategies may be needed to prevent the onset of Hikikomori and to stop it from becoming severe.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Mobile Ecological Tracking of mood as a predictor for resilience among male and female Israeli combatants
Authors: Gilboa Y. , Nahum M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Background: Mental resilience refers to the capacity to overcome the negative effects of setbacks and associated stress on performance. In the face of stressors, lack of mental resilience may even cause psychopathology, such as depression. While all combatants are exposed to stressors, female combatants face additional challenges compared with their male counterparts. Resilience is often measured using retrospective self-reports, which do not consider ecological fluctuations across situations and environments. A mobile ecological momentary monitoring allowed us to study gender differences in factors contributing to resilience.

Objectives

Objective: We aimed to characterize gender differences in resilience trajectory in combatants using ecological momentary assessments (EMA).

Methods

Methods: 156 Combatants (98F, 58M) completed mood EMA daily for two weeks using a mobile app. In addition, resilience, QOL and mental health questionnaires were administered three times in four weeks. Stepwise regression models were used to predict resilience after 2-4 weeks.

Results

Results: Female combatants reported higher levels of anxiety and lower resilience, self efficacy and QOL, as well as higher mood variability over time (t(149)=4.9, p<.0001). In addition, while for females, baseline anxiety, self-efficacy and mood EMA all contributed to resilience prediction (37% of variance explained), baseline anxiety was the sole predictor for males (explaining 28% of variance).

Conclusions

Conclusion: Gender differences in resilience were found in combatants who participate in the same occupation. These results emphasize the importance of considering the inclusion smartphone-delivered EMA tools in QOL models.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Changes in Use of Tobacco and Alcohol During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Fadeeva E. , Vyshinsky K. , Klimenko T.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The survey assessed changes in tobacco, alcohol and other substance use during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objectives

The survey was carried out in Moscow and Nizhegorodskaya Oblast in December, 2020 - February, 2021 and included 650 medical organizations’ employees and 344 individuals with harmful alcohol or other substances use.

Methods

The instrument included ASSIST, Kessler-10 and IES-R tests modified for self-reporting about different pandemic periods.

Results

Among medical workers 36.8% smoked last 12 months; during the COVID-19 pandemic 13% maintained usual cigarette smoking level, 2.4% increased smoking during incidence rises. 71.2% drank alcohol last 12 months; during incidence rises 20.4% drank as usual, 15.0% drank less frequently; 2.4% increased frequency of drinking, 1.8% volumes on drinking days, 1.3% frequency of heavy episodic drinking. In harmful substance use group 61.9% smoked last 12 months; during COVID-19 incidence rises 40% kept their usual level of smoking; 13.4% increased their smoking during the first and 8.7% during the second ‘wave’ of the pandemic. 90.1% drank alcohol last 12 months; during incidence rises 49% kept drinking as usual, 20% reduced drinking and 17.3% increased drinking frequency, 21.0% volumes on drinking days, 16.4% heavy episodic drinking frequency. Wastewater-based epidemiology analysis performed in Moscow Oblast location demonstrated significant increase during COVID-19 pandemic, compared to same period 2 years earlier: inhaled nicotine use by average of 40%, ethanol consumption by average of 49%.

Conclusions

Changes in cigarette smoking and alcohol use during the COVID-19 pandemic had significant variation. Increases were more likely to occur during the pandemic ‘waves’ among individual from harmful users’ group.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Professional factors supporting workaholism among Tunisian engineers
Authors: Bouaziz A. , Sallemi R. , Bouhamed M. , Masmoudi R. , Feki I. , Masmoudi J.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Workaholism or work addiction is a growing public health that may induce negative consequences on professional life. Engineers are at risk given the globalization and increased competition in their jobs.

Objectives

The aim of the study was to assess the different professional factors that promote wokaholism among Tunisian engineers.

Methods

A cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study conducted among Tunisian engineers during July 2021. The data were collected by an online questionnaire including the socio-demographic and professional information and the “the Work Addiction Risk Test” (WART) which was used to assess the workaholism.

Results

Participants were 52 engineers (31 males and 21 females), and aged from 23 to 55 years old (average age 30.75 years). Thirty-five engineers (67.3%) were single. Concerning professional data, 30.8% of engineers worked in the public and 51.9% of them were computer engineers. Of the participants, 11.7% worked more than 12 hours, 61.5% worked overtime and 92.3% had weekly rest. The prevalence of workaholism in Tunisian engineers was 23.1%. Engineers working in the public sector and working more than 12 hours had significantly higher proportion of work addiction with p <0.001 and p = 0.01, respectively. However, no significant difference was found by specialty, working overtime and having weekly rest according to workaholism.

Conclusions

In our study, we found that the public work sector and extended working hours promote work addiction. Addressing supporting factors in the work environment and periodic examination of the engineers and responding accordingly is required.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Risk and Resilience in Trajectories of Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms among First Responders after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake: a 7-year prospective cohort study
Authors: Van Der Does F. , Saito T. , Nagamine M. , Van Der Wee N. , Shigemura J. , Yamamoto T. , Takahashi Y. , Koga M. , Toda H. , Yoshino A. , Vermetten E. , Giltay E.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

First responders to disasters are at risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The trajectories of post-traumatic stress symptom severity differ among individuals, even if they are exposed to similar events. These trajectories have not yet been reported in non-Western first responders.

Objectives

We aimed to explore post-traumatic stress symptom severity trajectories and their risk factors in first responders to the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE)— a historically large earthquake that resulted in a tsunami and a nuclear disaster.

Methods

56 388 Japan Ground Self-Defense Force (JGSDF) personnel dispatched to the GEJE were enrolled in this seven-year longitudinal cohort study. PTSD symptom severity was measured using the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). Trajectories were identified using latent growth mixture models (LGMM). Nine potential risk factors for the symptom severity trajectories were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression.

Results

Five symptom severity trajectories were identified: “resilient” (54.7%), “recovery” (24.5%), “incomplete recovery” (10.7%), “late-onset” (5.7%), and “chronic” (4.3%). The main risk factors for the four non-resilient trajectories were older age, personal disaster experiences, and working conditions. These working conditions included duties involving body recovery or radiation exposure risk, longer deployment length, later or no post-deployment leave, and longer post-deployment overtime.

Conclusions

The majority of first responders to GEJE were resilient and developed few or no PTSD symptoms. A substantial minority experienced late-onset and chronic symptom severity trajectories. The identified risk factors can inform policies for prevention, early detection, and intervention in individuals at risk of developing symptomatic trajectories.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Using virtual reality to develop emotional intelligence
Authors: Maslova K. , Gasimov A. , Konovalova A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The development of emotional intelligence is an urgent issue of teaching people in our time. The use of a virtual reality (VR) systems for the development of emotional intelligence is a problem of modern pedagogy.

Objectives

The research is aimed at studying interrelations of the level of development of emotional intelligence the manifestations of the ability to perceive and identify emotional expression demonstrated by a virtual avatar in VR CAVE system. The research is aimed at finding unusual ways to develop emotional intelligence.

Methods

The study involved 55 participants aged 18 to 25 years (average age-20.38 ± 0.28), 23 of whom were men and 22 were women. During the study we diagnosed the level of development of emotional intelligence (Sergienko, Vetrova, 2009) and spatial abilities (Rimfeld et al., 2017), type of attachment to the loved one (Sabelnikova, Kashirsky, 2015), and the negotiating style of personality (Soldatova, Gasimov, 2019). In the VR CAVE system, a situation was simulated in which the subject had to detect the avatar and determine the emotional-facial expression displayed by it.

Results

It was shown that the level of respondent’s emotional intelligence development does not determine the success of identifying the avatar’s emotion in VR. The success of identifying emotions depends on the level spatial abilities development. Therefore, it is assumed that in the simulated situation, the avatar is perceived as a special spatial image, and not as a full-fledged partner for interpersonal communication.

Conclusions

Thus, the use of VR systems for training and development of emotional intelligence is not proven.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Effects of Mindful Self-Compassion on Psychological Well-Being in Psychiatric Rehabilitation: A Randomized-Controlled Trial
Authors: Andorfer A. , Hiebler-Ragger M. , Kaufmann P. , Pollheimer E. , Gaiswinkler L. , Unterrainer H.-F. , Kapfhammer H.-P. , Kresse A.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

The evidence for the positive effects of mindfulness-based interventions on psychological well-being and physical health has been convincing in recent years. As a specific form of such an intervention, the Mindful Self-Compassion (MSC) training program was developed to promote self-compassion and mindfulness. An initial study on an adapted version of the MSC training program considered it to be beneficial in psychiatric inpatient rehabilitation.

Objectives

The present study aims to further evaluate the link between MSC and psychological symptoms as well as quality of life.

Methods

A randomized controlled trial was conducted from September 2020 to August 2021. A total of 228 patients (64% female, 36% male) participated in a six-week psychiatric rehabilitation program to assess the impact of an adapted MSC training program compared to the control intervention of Progressive Muscle Relaxation training (PMR) on psychological well-being. Both training programs took place once a week for 75 minutes as part of a standardized inpatient rehabilitation program. The participants completed the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS), the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18), and the Short-Form-Health-Survey-12 (SF-12) pre and post intervention.

Results

At the moment, statistical analyses are being carried out. Detailed results will be presented on the poster.

Conclusions

The results of this study will contribute to rehabilitation research as they provide further insight into the role of MSC in the treatment of mental disorders. In addition, the clinical implications, and possible effects of changes in the rehabilitation program during the COVID-19 pandemic on the protocol and the results of this study will be discussed.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Religious Coping Strategies for Religious Patients with Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder
Authors: Gedevani E. , Kopeiko G. , Borisova O. , Vladimirova T. , Kaleda V.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Over last decades convincing evident data was accumulated about the positive correlation of religious involvement and better mental health in depression, substance abuse, suicide, stress-related disorders and dementia. The studies of the impact of religion on patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders are still insufficient and controversial.

Objectives

To investigate the impact of the religious coping strategies in patients with schizophrenia and shizoaffective disorder with focus on resolution and quality of remission in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder.

Methods

The pilot 1 year study covers 68 orthodox (group 1) and 55 unbeliever (group 2) outpatients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder in remission on the maintenance therapy in FSBSI MHRC. The groups matched in age (18-60 y.o.), gender, treatment. The orthodox group received religious coping therapy. Number of relapses, remission quality (PANSS), quality of life (QLS), compliance (MARS) were measured 3 times (baseline visit, 6, 12 months). Statistical analysis (regression and correlation) was applied.

Results

Religious coping strategies proposed by Paragment K. (2013) were applied considering the peculiarities of value-semantic structures and selected religious values of the patients as important rehabilitation resource (Kopeyko et al, 2016). Group 1 demonstrated statistically significant better remission at 12-months point – better subjective well-being, social/functional outcomes, higher adherence to medication, less relapses, less psychotic symptoms.

Conclusions

Religion contributes to acquire adaptive functions as the meaning of life, sense of hope, spiritual comfort, supports the overcome the disease burden. Religious coping is an important tool for rehabilitation and preventing the relapses in patients with schizophrenic disorders.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Psychopathological networks in psychosis and changes over time: A long-term cohort study of first-episode psychosis
Authors: Gil-Berrozpe G. , Peralta V. , Sánchez-Torres A. , Moreno-Izco L. , Garcia De Jalon E. , Peralta D. , Janda L. , Cuesta M.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

First-episode psychosis is a critical period for early interventions to reduce the risk of poor outcomes and relapse as much as possible. There are now many studies revealing the patterns of course in the short and medium terms, but uncertainties about the long-term outcomes of symptomatology remain to be ascertained.

Objectives

First, we ascertained whether the structure of psychopathological symptoms, dimensions and domains of psychopathology remains invariant over time between first-episode psychosis and long-term follow-up. Second, we analysed the changes in the interrelationships of psychopathological symptoms, dimensions and domains of psychopathology between FEP and long-term follow-up at three levels.

Methods

We performed network analysis to investigate first-episode and long-term stages of psychosis at three levels of analysis: micro, meso and macro. The sample was a cohort of 510 patients with first-episode psychoses from the SEGPEP study, who were reassessed at the long-term follow-up (n = 243). We used the Comprehensive Assessment of Symptoms and History (CASH) for their assessments.

Results

Our results showed a similar pattern of clustering between first episodes and long-term follow-up in seven psychopathological dimensions at the micro level, 3 and 4 dimensions at the meso level, and one at the macro level. They also revealed significant differences between first-episode and long-term network structure and centrality measures at the three levels.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that disorganization symptoms have more influence in long-term stabilized patients. The main results of the current study add evidence to the hierarchical, dimensional and longitudinal structuring of first-episode psychoses.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Decreased Resting-state fMRI Local Coherence in Schizophrenia Patients with Poor Long-term Outcome
Authors: Panikratova Y. , Abdullina E. , Tikhonov D. , Kaleda V. , Lebedeva I.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Schizophrenia is heterogeneous in terms of symptoms and outcome, but neurobiology of this heterogeneity is not well-studied. Local correlation analysis of fMRI data provides a measure of local coherence, i.e., average correlation between BOLD-signal in a voxel and its neighbours. Local correlation is a promising approach, and it seems important to find links between local brain coherence and schizophrenia outcome.

Objectives

We aimed to compare brain local coherence between schizophrenia patients with varied long-term outcomes and healthy controls (HC).

Methods

Patients with chronic schizophrenia spectrum disorders (37 males, mean age 41.5±5.5) and HC (17 males, mean age 38±7.7) underwent resting-state fMRI (3T). Cluster analysis based on PANSS and PSP allowed us to allocate patients into two subgroups (N = 13/24). The second subgroup had significantly more marked negative and general psychopathology symptoms and worse functioning than the first subgroup. Local coherence in the brain was compared between clinical subgroups and HC (ANOVA, p<.001 voxelwise, p[FDR]<.05 clusterwise).

Results

Local coherence in the paracingulate gyri bilaterally ({-2; 58; 14}; 2712 mm3) differentiated the groups. Post hoc analysis revealed decreased local coherence in the subgroup with poorer outcome compared to HC, along with the absence of differences between the subgroup with better outcome and HC. There were no differences between clinical subgroups.

Conclusions

Hypoactivity of the cingulate cortex is related to negative symptoms (Bersani et al., 2014). Their severity, in turn, is strongly associated with outcome. Thus, local coherence in the cingulate cortex may be one of the factors which underlie outcome heterogeneity.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.
Research of time processing disorder within the investigation of specific traits of schizophrenia
Authors: Szendi Md Habil I. , Szalóki S. , Bagi A. , Rudics E. , Hallgató E.
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Schizophrenia is essentially related to one’s self-perception and the relationship to the world. One possible explanation for symptoms of schizophrenia in activities is the disruption of timing, which can develop into a disorder of activity perception and attribution.

Objectives

Our study aimed to investigate the specificity of time perception disorder within the schizophrenia-bipolar spectrum, within the time interval around one second.

Methods

In the study, N = 15 schizophrenic (M = 37.28 years, SD = 9.49 years), N = 9 bipolar (M = 49.44 years, SD = 8.48 years), N = 10 schizoaffective (M = 41.32 years, SD = 10.75 years) patients with compensated clinical condition and N = 28 healthy control subjects (M = 36.5 years, SD = 9.9 years) participated. Time processing was examined with a perceptual (discrimination) and a productive (synchronization) task.

Results

Concerning the interval discrimination, patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder lag behind controls in the majority of indicators (0.373–0.772). In terms of production and reproduction, the deviation of schizoaffective patients indicates a moderate difference, but subjects with schizophrenia show a large effect size, and subjects with bipolar disorder demonstrate a small effect size.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that the schizophrenic group exhibits a comprehensive time-processing disorder and in this respect can be distinguished from the bipolar affective and the control group. People with schizoaffective disorder show an intermediate performance in reproduction between the schizophrenic and bipolar groups, while in the case of discrimination deficit, they approach schizophrenics.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.