bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Rāmāyaṇa of Vālmīki: An Epic of Ancient India, Volume VI: Yuddhakāṇḍa. Translation and Annotation by Robert P. Goldman, Sally J. Sutherland Goldman, and Barend A. van Nooten; Introduction by Robert P. Goldman and Sally J. Sutherland Goldman. Princeton
Authors: Sandahl Stella
Published: August 2020

Abstract
References to Kurds in Medieval Arabic and Persian Literature
Authors: Dehqan Mustafa
Published: August 2020

While studies of the Kurds usually concentrate on principal Kurdish materials, much less attention has been paid to the Kurdish community and its related topics as reflected in non-Kurdish sources. Until recently, the Kurds were known often from Kurdish literature and a very few non-Kurdish historical works, mostly difficult of access. This article presents the most important references to Kurds in Arabic and Persian sources, from the viewpoint of medieval historians, scientists, poets, sheikhs, diplomats, et cetera; sometimes from that of the Kurds themselves, only not in the Kurdish language. The element common to all these notes is the attempt to make parallel use of sources from different types which complement each other: it is very interesting to compare and contrast them with regard to various historical topics concerning the other communities in the Middle East.
Andrew Glass. Four Gāndhārī Saṃyuktāgama Sūtras (Senior Kharoṣṭhī Fragment 5).
Authors: Norman K. R.
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Kees Versteegh et. al. (eds.): Encyclopedia of Arabic Language and Linguistics. Volume III Lat-Pu.
Authors: Dahlgren Sven-Olof
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Caturviṃśati-Mūrti forms of Viṣṇu
Authors: Kalidos Raju
Published: August 2020

The Acta Orientalia (2012, 2015) in the recent volumes has published blue-ribbon articles on the Daśāvatāra-10 and the Dvādaśa-12 with special reference to the Tamil bhakti literature. An elaborate codification of the assemblage of iconographical forms of Viṣṇu is perfected in the Caturviṃśati-24. Philosophies, āgamas and [śilpa/vāstu]-śāstras may speculate on concepts of coagulated (cf. Stietencron 1977: 127, 137) forms of the gods (e.g. Ekādaśa-Rudras) and the goddesses (Sapta Mātṛkās and Yoginīs-64). Are they represented in the pictorial arts (Jeyapriya 2015: 101)? Daśāvatāra and Dvādaśa, the Mātṛkas and the Yoginīs have been supported by archaeological and art historical evidences. Do we find any visual corroboration for Caturviṃśati? The present article is an eye-opener. I am not concerned with Śiva and Devī.
Die Betriebsstätte in Doppelbesteuerungsabkommen
Authors: Gradl Christoph
Published: August 2020

Das Werk behandelt die ertragsteuerrechtlichen Fragen, wie der Begriff der Betriebsstätte im OECD- und UN-Musterabkommen definiert ist und welche Funktion das Konzept der Betriebsstätte im System der Doppelbesteuerungsabkommen hat. Dabei bietet es sowohl Wissenschaftlern als auch Praktikern eine umfassende Übersicht über den aktuellen Stand der Diskussion. Dabei spannt die Arbeit einen breiten Bogen und behandelt drei miteinander verwobene Aspekte der Problematik der Betriebsstätte im Abkommensrecht: Entstehungsgeschichte, Tatbestandsmerkmale der Betriebsstätte und Funktion der Betriebsstätte im System des Abkommens. Zusätzlich entwickelt das Werk innovative rechtspolitische Reformvorschläge.
A Case Report of Widely Disseminated Tuberculosis in Immunocompetent Adult Male
Authors: Esposito Samantha , Levi Joseph , Matuzsan Zachary , Amaducci Alexandra , Richardson David
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Disseminated tuberculosis (TB) is rare, affects any organ system, and presents mainly in immunocompromised populations. Typical presentation is non-specific, posing a challenge for diagnosis.

Case Report: This case presents an immunocompetent male presenting with severe headaches with meningeal signs. Lab and lumbar puncture results suggested bacterial meningitis, yet initial cerebral spinal fluid cultures and meningitis/encephalitis polymerase chain reaction were negative. A chest radiograph (CXR) provided the only evidence suggesting TB, leading to further tests showing dissemination to the brain, spinal cord, meninges, muscle, joint, and bone.

Discussion: This case stands to acknowledge the difficulty of diagnosis in the emergency department (ED), and the need for emergency physicians to maintain a broad differential including disseminated TB as a possibility from the beginning of assessment. In this case, emergency physicians should be aware of predisposing factors of disseminated TB in patients presenting with non-specific symptoms. They should also acknowledge that TB may present atypically in patients with minimal predisposing factors, rendering the need to further investigate abnormal CXR images despite lab results inconsistent with TB.

Conclusion: While this diagnosis is easily missed, early identification in the ED can lead to optimal treatment.
Acute Acalculous Cholecystitis from Infection with Epstein–Barr Virus in a Previously Healthy Child: A Case Report
Authors: Langenohl Robert , Young Scott , Couperus Kyle
Published: August 2020

Background: Acute cholecystitis is the acute inflammation of the gallbladder. In adults it is most frequently caused by a gallstone(s) obstructing outflow from the cystic duct, leading to gallbladder distention and edema with eventual development of biliary stasis and bacterial overgrowth, often requiring operative management. However, in children acalculous cholecystitis is more common and is often the result of an infectious process.

Case Report: Here we present a case of acute acalculous cholecystitis caused by infection with Epstein-Barr virus in an otherwise healthy three-year-old male.

Conclusion: Acalculous cholecystitis is an uncommon but potentially significant complication of Epstein-Barr virus infection in the pediatric population. Emergency providers should consider this diagnosis in any child being evaluated for EBV with the complaint of abdominal pain.
Detection of Migrainous Infarction with Formal Visual Field Testing: A Case Report
Authors: Bylund William , Patrick Ross , Macdonald Ann
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) of the posterior circulation are a rare complication of migraine, and present with atypical CVA symptomatology.

Case Report: A 49-year-old-male presented with complaint of persistent visual aura and resolved mild cephalgia. His exam corroborated his reported incomplete left inferior quadrantanopia, and was confirmed by immediate formal optometry evaluation. Occipital CVA was confirmed on admission.

Conclusion: Migrainous strokes of posterior circulation should be considered as a potential diagnosis in any headache patient with persistent visual aura. This case suggests that incorporation of formal visual field testing in the emergent setting can shorten the time required for diagnosis in certain circumstances.
The Prisoner Who Cried Wolf, and Then Swallowed a Sprinkler Head
Authors: Hysell Matthewq , Finch Jennifer , McClendon David
Published: August 2020

Case Presentation: A 37-year-old man presented from jail reporting foreign body ingestion of a sprinkler head. While initial radiography did not reveal the foreign body, subsequent imaging with computed tomography demonstrated the sprinkler head. When confronted with this discrepancy the patient admitted to having the sprinkler head in his possession and choosing to swallow it after his initial radiography.

Discussion: This case demonstrates the importance of maintaining a high threshold for real illness in situations where there is suspected malingering, a situation not infrequently encountered in the emergency department.
Point-of-care Ultrasound Detection of Cataract in a Patient with Vision Loss: A Case Report
Authors: Dornhofer Kyle , Alkhattabi Marawan , Lahham Shadi
Published: August 2020

Background: Point-of-care ocular ultrasound in the emergency department (ED) is an effective tool for promptly evaluating for several vision-threatening etiologies and can be used to identify more slowly progressing etiologies as well, such as cataract formation within the lens.

Case Report: A 62-year-old female presented to the ED with a two-day history of painless vision loss of the left eye as well as reduced vision for the prior 30 days.

Conclusion: Point-of-care ultrasound was performed and showed calcification of the lens consistent with cataract.
Ingestion of A Common Plant’s Leaves Leads to Acute Respiratory Arrest and Paralysis: A Case Report
Authors: Kear Breelan , Lee Richard , Church Sanford , Youssef Fady , Arguija Anthony
Published: August 2020

Background: Nicotiana glauca is a plant known to cause acute toxicity upon ingestion or dermal exposure due to the nicotinic alkaloid, anabasine. Nicotinic alkaloids cause toxicity by acting as agonists on nicotinic-type acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Initial stimulation of these receptors leads to symptoms such as tachycardia, miosis, and tremors. The effects of high doses of nicotinic alkaloids are biphasic, and eventual persistent depolarization of nAChRs at the neuromuscular junction occurs. This causes apnea, paralysis, and cardiovascular collapse.

Case Report: In this report, we present a case of respiratory arrest due to nicotinic alkaloid poisoning from the ingestion of Nicotiana glauca. The diagnosis was suspected after the patient’s family gave a history of the patient ingesting a plant prior to arrival. They were able to also provide a physical sample of the plant.

Conclusion: The phone application, “Plant Snap”, determined the plant species and helped confirm the diagnosis. This case describes how modern technology and thorough history taking can combine to provide the best possible patient care.
Respiratory Failure Due to a Large Mediastinal Mass in a 4-year-old Female with Blast Cell Crisis: A Case Report
Authors: Wade Christian , Couperus-Mashewske Cody , Geurts Mia , Derfler Nicholas , Ngo John , Couperus Kyle
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Symptomatic leukostasis is an exceptionally atypical presentation of blast crisis; and when coupled with an enlarged neoplastic mediastinal mass in a four-year-old female, an extremely rare and challenging pediatric emergency arises.

Case Report: We present a unique case of a four-year-old female who arrived via emergency medical services in cardiopulmonary arrest with clinical and radiographic evidence suggestive of bilateral pneumothoraces, prompting bilateral chest tube placement. Further evaluation revealed a large mediastinal mass and a concurrent white blood cell count of 428,400 per milliliter (/mL) (4,400-12,900/mL), with a 96% blast differential, consistent with complications of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Conclusion: This case highlights how pulmonary capillary hypoperfusion secondary to leukostasis, coupled with a ventilation/perfusion mismatch due to compression atelectasis by an enlarged thymus, resulted in this patient’s respiratory arrest. Furthermore, the case highlights how mediastinal masses in pediatric patients present potential diagnostic challenges for which ultrasound may prove beneficial.
Spinal Arteriovenous Fistula, A Manifestation of Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia: A Case Report
Authors: Spangler Jodi , Watsjold Bjorn , Ilgen Jonathan
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by arteriovenous malformations (AVM). HHT can have neurological manifestations.

Case Report: A 32-year-old woman with a history of HHT presented to the emergency department with acute partial paralysis of the right leg, urinary retention, and right-sided back and hip pain. Magnetic resonance imaging of the spine demonstrated multiple, dilated blood vessels along the cervical spine, diffuse AVMs in the lumbar and thoracic spine, and a new arteriovenous fistula at the twelfth thoracic (T12) vertebral level. Her symptoms improved after endovascular embolization of the fistula.

Conclusion: Spinal AVMs are thought to be more prevalent in patients with HHT. Given the high morbidity of arteriovenous fistulas, early recognition and intervention are critical.
Duty to Warn in the Emergency Department: Three Medical Legal Cases That Illustrate Providers’ Broad Risk and Liability
Authors: Pfaff Rosemary , Berkeley Ross , Moore Gregory , Heniff Melanie
Published: August 2020

This article presents three medical-legal cases that define a physician’s duty to warn and include caveats on medical practice within the scope of the law. Some physicians may not recognize that these legal and liability requirements extend not only to physical danger, but also to infectious diseases, medical illness, and drug effects.
Case Report: Disposition of Symptomatic Probable COVID-19
Authors: Jaffery Aleq , Slakey John , Zodda David , Finefrock Douglas
Published: August 2020

Introduction: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presents a challenge for healthcare providers in terms of diagnosis, management, and triage of cases requiring admission.

Case Report: A 47-year-old male with symptoms suspicious for COVID-19, pulse oximetry of 93% on room air, and multifocal pneumonia was risk stratified and safely discharged from the emergency department (ED) despite having moderate risk of progression to acute respiratory distress syndrome. He had resolution of his symptoms verified by telephone follow-up.

Conclusion: Various risk-stratifying tools and techniques can aid clinicians in identifying COVID-19 patients who can be safely discharged from the ED.
Cardioembolic Stroke in a Patient with Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19) Myocarditis: A Case Report
Authors: Ford James , Holmes James , Jones Russell
Published: August 2020

Introduction: There is a growing body of literature detailing coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) cardiovascular complications and hypercoagulability, although little has been published on venous or arterial thrombosis risk.

Case Report: In this report, we present a single case of cardioembolic stroke in the setting of COVID-19 related myocarditis, diagnosed via cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and echocardiography. COVID-19 infection was confirmed via a ribonucleic acid polymerase chain reaction assay.

Conclusion: Further research is needed to evaluate the hypercoagulable state of patients with COVID-19 to determine whether prophylactic anticoagulation may be warranted to prevent intracardiac thrombi and cardioembolic disease in patients with COVID-19 related myocarditis.
Optimizing Non-invasive Oxygenation for COVID-19 Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department with Acute Respiratory Distress: A Case Report
Authors: Zodda David , Hanson Allyson , Berns Alyssa
Published: August 2020

Introduction: The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has led to an increase in the number of patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with severe hypoxia and acute respiratory distress. With limited resources and ventilators available, emergency physicians working at a hospital within the epicenter of the United States outbreak developed a stepwise, non-invasive oxygenation strategy for treating COVID-19 patients presenting with severe hypoxia and acute respiratory distress. Case Report: A 72-year-old male suspected of having the COVID-19 virus presented to the ED with shortness of breath. He was found to be severely tachypneic, febrile, with rales in all lung fields. His initial oxygen saturation registered at SpO2 (blood oxygenation saturation) 55% on room air. Emergency physicians employed a novel non-invasive oxygenation strategy using a nasal cannula, non-rebreather, and self-proning. This approach led to a reversal of the patient’s respiratroy distress and hypoxia (SpO2 88-95%) for the following 24 hours.This non-invasive intervention allowed providers time to obtain and initiate high-flow nasal cannula and discuss end-of-life wishes with the patient and his family. Conclusion: Our case highlights a stepwise, organized approach to providing non-invasive oxygenation for COVID-19 patients presenting with severe hypoxia and acute respiratory distress. This approach primarily employs resources and equipment that are readily available to healthcare providers around the world. The intent of this strategy is to provide conventional alternatives to aid in the initial airway management of confirmed or suspected COVID-19 patients.
Acute Transverse Myelitis Secondary to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): A Case Report
Authors: Durrani Muhammad , Kucharski Kevin , Smith Zachary , Fien Stephanie
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Respiratory viral illnesses are associated with diverse neurological complications, including acute transverse myelitis (ATM). Among the respiratory viral pathogens, the Coronaviridae family and its genera coronaviruses have been implicated as having neurotropic and neuroinvasive capabilities in human hosts.1 Despite previous strains of coronaviruses exhibiting neurotropic and neuroinvasive capabilities, little is known about the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its involvement with the central nervous system (CNS). The current pandemic has highlighted the diverse clinical presentation of SARS-CoV-2 including a possible link to CNS manifestation with disease processes such as Guillain-Barré syndrome and cerebrovascular disease. It is critical to shed light on the varied neurological manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 to ensure clinicians do not overlook at-risk patient populations and are able to provide targeted therapies appropriately.

Case Report: While there are currently no published reports on post-infectious ATM secondary to SARS-CoV-2, there is one report of parainfectious ATM attributed to SARS-CoV-2 in pre-print. Here, we present a case of infectious ATM attributed to SARS-CoV-2 in a 24-year-old male who presented with bilateral lower-extremity weakness and overflow urinary incontinence after confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed non-enhancing T2-weighted hyperintense signal abnormalities spanning from the seventh through the twelfth thoracic level consistent with acute myelitis.

Conclusion: The patient underwent further workup and treatment with intravenous corticosteroids with improvement of symptoms and a discharge diagnosis of ATM secondary to SARS-CoV-2.
Patients with Mild COVID-19 Symptoms and Coincident Pulmonary Embolism: A Case Series
Authors: Joseph Joshua , Roberts Jonathan , Weaver Cheri , Anderson Jonathan , Wong Matthew
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Frequent thrombotic complications have been reported in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. The risk in patients with mild disease is unknown. Case Report: We report a case series of three individuals recently diagnosed with COVID-19, who presented to the emergency department with chest pain and were found to have pulmonary emboli. The patients had mild symptoms, no vital sign abnormalities, and were negative according to the pulmonary embolism rule-out criteria. Conclusion: This suggests that patients with active or suspected COVID-19 should be considered at elevated risk for pulmonary embolism when presenting with chest pain, even without common risk factors for pulmonary embolism.
The Relation Between Common Carotid Artery Diameter and Central Venous Pressure for Assessment of Intravascular Fluid Status after Major Surgeries; an Observational Study
Authors: Kasem Rashwan Samaa A , Bassiouny Ashraf Abd Elmawgood , Badawy Ahmed A , Mohammed Ahmed Rabea
Published: August 2020

Objectives: The current study aimed to find the relation between the changes in the common carotid artery (CCA) diameter and the central venous pressure (CVP) in response to a fluid challenge in spontaneously breathing adult patients. Methods: This study included 65 adult patients aged 20 - 60 years who were admitted to the surgical ICU. The CCA diameter and CVP were measured before and after fluid challenge, and the percentage of increase in the CCA diameter and CVP were calculated. The correlation was assessed between changes in the CVP and CCA diameter. Results: The CCA diameter before fluid administration had a significant strong positive correlation to the CVP (r = 0.8, P value < 0.001); the increase in the CCA diameter after fluid administration had a significant moderate positive correlation with the increase in the CVP (r = 0.4, P value < 0.001). The percentage of increase in CCA diameters was positively correlated to the percentage of increase in CVP (r = 0.589, P value = 0.001) following fluid administration. However, the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis was an invalid test (area under curve 0.513, P value = 0.885). Conclusions: After major surgeries, the change in the CCA diameter was positively correlated with the change in the CVP values in response to fluid administration in the spontaneously breathing adult patients, but the cut-off limit cannot be reached.
The Effect of Using the Question Prompt List on Shared Decision Making, Self-Efficacy in Decision Making, and Preferences for Participation Among Women with Breast Cancer: A Study Protocol
Authors: Negarandeh Reza , Yazdani Zahra , Lehto Rebecca , Lashkari Marzieh
Published: August 2020

Background: There is increasing awareness that patients with cancer desire information as well as strategies to support their capacity to actively participate in informed decision-making. This study will evaluate outcomes of using a question prompt list (QPL) on shared decision making (SDM), decision-making self-efficacy, and preferences for participation among Iranian women with breast cancer, who are referred to a Tehran Comprehensive Cancer Center. Methods: This research will utilize a randomized controlled trial. The research population is patients with breast cancer, who are referred to the Oncology Radiotherapy Unit, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran following tumor resection. After completing baseline surveys (demographics and health survey, decision self-efficacy scale, and control preferences scale), participants will be randomized into either a control or a treatment group based on block design. The treatment group will receive routine care along with the QPL that provides information on decision-making relative to treatment options (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or both treatments) following meeting their oncologist. They will be trained to use the QPL which they will use to ask questions about their treatment choices when meeting with their physician or through computer-mediated modalities such as WhatsApp or other social messengers. These patients will have the opportunity to think about the treatment options and will be referred for medical treatment following their decision. The control group will receive routine care (physician discussion and receipt of treatment information). Following decision-making regarding treatment, the questionnaires will be administered (9-item SDM questionnaire, decision self-efficacy scale, and control preferences scale). Data will be analyzed using SPSS 16. Discussion: The current study will provide experimental evidence for the preliminary efficacy or lack of an intervention that has the potential to improve shared decision-making outcomes, a better understanding of personal preferences related to decision-making and self-efficacy in medical decision-making for Iranian patients with breast cancer.
Anti-Bacterial vs. Anti-Biofilm Effects of Azithromycin on Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from Cystic Fibrosis Patients
Authors: Moazami Goudarzi Somayeh , Abdi Ali Ahya , Modaresi Mohammadreza , Ghazanfari Tooba
Published: August 2020

Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by respiratory, gastrointestinal, and reproductive tract problems. Patients with CF often suffer from chronic pulmonary infections due to the Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which frequently ends in pulmonary exacerbations. With their anti-inflammatory, anti-virulence, and anti-biofilm properties, macrolides such as azithromycin (AZM) play a beneficial role in the treatment of CF. Objectives: We evaluated the ability of biofilm formation among P. aeruginosa isolates from CF patients and compared the anti-bacterial and anti-biofilm effect of the AZM on them. Methods: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of AZM against 21 P. aeruginosa isolates from Iranian CF patients were determined. Then, we investigated the ability of biofilm formation by P. aeruginosa and also anti-biofilm effect of AZM on biofilm producing P. aeruginosa isolates. Results: The results showed a high level of AZM MIC (≤ 512 µg/mL) and MBC (≤ 2048 µg/mL) against P. aeruginosa isolates. Most isolates (70%) were biofilm producers, 20% being strong producers. The AZM anti-biofilm effect showed that sub-MIC concentration (≤ 64 µg/mL) could inhibit biofilm production. Conclusions: P. aeruginosa isolated from CF patients showed a high level of MIC and MBC for AZM that indicated a weak anti-bacterial effect of AZM. However, AZM inhibited biofilm formation in low doses; this might lead to dangerous chronic pulmonary infection by P. aeruginosa.
Radiation-induced Hypothyroidism in Survivors of Head-and-Neck and Breast Cancers After 3-Dimensional Radiation Therapy: Dose-Response Models and Clinical-Dosimetric Predictors
Authors: Namdar Aysan Mohammad , Sadeghi-Bazargani Homayoun , Mohammadzadeh Mohammad , Mesbahi Asghar
Published: August 2020

Background: The prediction of normal tissue complications in treatment planning plays a critical role in radiation therapy of cancer. Objectives: The aim of the current study was to evaluate mathematical models and clinical-dosimetric variables for prediction of radiation-induced hypothyroidism (RHT) in patients with head-and-neck cancer (HNC) and breast cancer (BC). Methods: Clinical and dose-volume data from 62 patients treated with three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy were prospectively analyzed in terms of HNCs and BC. Thyroid function assessment was monitored by the level of thyroid hormones from patients’ serum samples. Cox semi-parametric regression models were used to predict the risk of RHT. Model performance and model ranking were evaluated in accordance with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and Akaike’s information criterion (AIC), respectively. Results: Out of 62 patients, 17 persons developed RHT at a median follow-up of 11.4 months after radiation therapy. Thyroid volumes above the cut-off points of 14.2 cc and 11.4 cc showed a decrease in RHT risk for patients with HNC and BC, respectively. Moreover, the thyroid mean dose above the cut-off points of 53 and 27 Gy increased the risk of RHT for patients with HNC and BC, respectively. Simple and Multiple Cox regression analyses of the complete dataset revealed that thyroid volume and thyroid mean dose were the strongest predictors of RHT. According to AUC, Boomsma’s model, and the generalized equivalent-uniform-dose (EUD) model in the HNC dataset outperformed the BC dataset. Conclusions: The probability of RHT rises with an increase in the mean dose to the thyroid gland; however, it decreases with increasing thyroid gland volume. Regarding the AUC analysis, gEUD model showed an acceptable predictive performance; however, the logistic Boomsma’s model was somehow more effective in predicting RHT on the HNC dataset. Cella’s model revealed a relatively acceptable prediction of RHT on the BC dataset.
Experiences in Alzheimer’s disease: What do stakeholders post on the Internet?
Authors: Seifert Lauren S. , Kaelber Kara , Flaherty Kathleen , Bowman Tyler J.
Published: August 2020

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition that is chronic, progressive and terminal across an interval of approximately five to ten years from the time of diagnosis. Disease management in AD and other illnesses has been conceptualized in a number of ways, including the Health Co-Inquiry approach (a cooperative endeavor that activates stakeholders, regards all stakeholder views, uses evidence-based practice, and strives for integrated care). With growth of Internet use, Health Co-Inquiry may occur online as stakeholders in chronic disease management search for and give information and support. The current study is a first look at the online posts of all AD stakeholders. Our goal is to shed light on their experiences by characterizing the themes in their posts. A Bifurcated Method was used with quantitization of information through a web-crawling program in order to corroborate or refute the findings from an inductive, thematic (qualitative) analysis. Results indicate that AD stakeholders utilize the Internet for: information, assistance, emotional support or relief, and advice about decision-making and behaviour challenges. Persons with AD posted little compared to caregivers and were prone to report subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) and ask for help regarding diagnosis. Caregivers were apt to divulge personal stories, ask whether they should deceive a person with AD, and request information about coping or note that posting online was a coping mechanism. Providers’, agencies’ and companies’ posts were likely to give information and offer technical advice, answer specific caregiver questions, and offer paid services/clinical trials. As a first study of all AD stakeholder online narratives, data indicate that more than half of sites and posts are dedicated to the concerns of caregivers and persons with AD, indicating that they are engaging in some aspects of Health Co-Inquiry online.
Paisajes culturales y proyecto territorial: un balance de treinta años de experiencia
Authors: Sabaté Bel Joaquín , Benito del Pozo Paz
Published: August 2020

En este artículo se desarrolla una valoración sintética de la consideración que han ido ganando los “paisajes del trabajo” en España durante los últimos treinta años, del marco en el que se han desenvuelto y de las principales intervenciones sobre los mismos. Se quiere destacar, en primer lugar, cómo algunos agentes han construido un “estado de opinión”, contribuyendo a un creciente interés por dicho patrimonio. Esto incluye a profesionales,departamentos universitarios y centros de investigación, pero asimismo se considera la labor de difusión a través de publicaciones, congresos y museos. Del marco en el que se han desenvuelto cabe referirse a algunas normas que han tenido una clara incidencia en este campo.

Finalmente se pretende verificar como en bien pocos años hemos ido desarrollando instrumentos de intervención cada vez más complejos, comprometidos y de mayor escala, desde los primeros inventarios, catálogos y trabajos de documentación; a las intervenciones aisladas, de recuperación y reutilización de edificios singulares; a los planes y programas donde se integra el patrimonio industrial (del trabajo en general) en propuestas coordinadas de mayor ambición y finalmente, a proyectos territoriales, donde dicho patrimonio constituye el eje de la intervención y puede devenir motor de desarrollo local.

En el límite cabría aspirar a que el patrimonio industrial, el del trabajo en general, juegue un papel equivalente en cualquier proyecto o plan territorial, al que ha alcanzado el patrimonio natural; que cultura y natura se conviertan en ejes de reflexión y medida de nuestras intervenciones sobre el territorio.
Las tres edades de la producción industrial en Le Creusot-Montceau
Authors: Fortunet Françoise
Published: August 2020

En este artículo se analiza la evolución del imperio de la industria del carbón en las ciudades de Le Creusot y Montceau. Esta historia se inicia a partir de finales de 1780, cuando se descubre la gran calidad del carbón de Le Creusot para la producción de piezas de fundición. La accesibilidad que supone la navegación fluvial y el ferrocarril permitirá, en medio siglo, desarrollar un nuevo tipo de industria, concentrando materia prima, fuerza de trabajo y productos acabados. La consolidación del emporio industrial da lugar a la fundación de tres ciudades: Le Creusot, Montchanin y Montceau, cuyo desarrollo urbano sigue un patrón común, basado en la conexión directa entre residencia y lugar de trabajo, aunque resultan evidentes las precarias condiciones laborales y la segregación social. En los albores de la segunda guerra mundial, las nuevas ciudades alcanzan su apogeo económico y comienzan los primeros problemas entre la ciudad y la mina. La entrada en la etapa post-industrial supone la reestructuración urbana a partir del declive económico, la quiebra y disolución de la compañía minera y, finalmente, la recuperación patrimonial de “la cuenca carbonífera”.
Cuenca del Cebollatí: nuestro territorio, un proyecto compartido: formulación de las bases de ordenamiento territorial y desarrollo sostenible
Authors: Martínez Susana , Benevides Alessandra , Falkenstein Alejandro , Varela Alma , Saravia Matilde
Published: August 2020

Este documento presenta los resultados de un trabajo interdisciplinar de carácter analítico-propositivo realizado en el ámbito de la Maestría de Ordenamiento Territorial y Desarrollo Urbano (Facultad de Arquitectura,

Universidad de la República ). Relata una experiencia que coordinó esfuerzos y

acciones entre el ámbito académico, el gobierno nacional y los gobiernos

locales.

El trabajo toma como unidad de estudio y propuesta el territorio de la Cuenca

del Río Cebollatí, y tiene como objetivo formular las bases de ordenamiento

territorial que habiliten la preservación de los recursos naturales y culturales de

la zona, así como la revalorización de los elementos de identidad, sus tradiciones. Está desarrollado en el marco de la Ley de Ordenamiento territorial y Desarrollo Sostenible que definió nuevas pautas y roles institucionales en la temática. En este contexto, la construcción de políticas de ordenamiento territorial para la Cuenca implicó un proceso participativo, como una sacudida de tradiciones, voces y sensaciones, novedoso en Uruguay.

This paper presents the results of an interdisciplinary analytical-propositional

work that was made within the scope of Planning and Urban Development Master Studies (School of Architecture, Udelar). It shows a coordinated experience between the academia, national and local governments.

The work takes as its unit of analysis and proposal the Cebollatí Basin, and its

aims is to formulate the planning bases that enables the preservation of its

natural and cultural resources as well as the appreciation of its identity and

traditions. The work is developed within the scope of Planning and Sustainable

Development Law that defines new guidelines and institutional roles in this subject. In this context, the construction of planning policies for the Basin involved a participatory process, like a jolt of traditions, voices and feelings,

which is new in Uruguay.
Proyecto García: construcción de la ciudad de la costa
Authors: Secco Terra Gabriela
Published: August 2020

Se analiza el proceso de urbanización de la Ciudad de la Costa, complejo y

creciente territorio metropolitano montevideano, que a la vez es la segunda

ciudad más importante de Uruguay. Entendido siempre como un proceso

espontáneo y sin planificación de formación del territorio, se sugiere una mirada

al mismo como un proyecto de suelo global que se realiza en un siglo, donde la

agrimensura y la forestación adquieren crucial importancia. El proyecto se inicia

con la adquisición de un gran campo por parte de un empresario que comienza

a utilizar la forestación como instrumento de recuperación y cualificación de tierras pantanosas. Una primera partición de la tierra marca las principales trazas en el territorio, y un sucesivo proceso de fraccionamiento del suelo rural con visión urbanizadora, primero motivado por un reparto equitativo entre los descendientes de Doroteo García, pero luego por un proyecto urbanizador basado en la cultura de sol y playa y la especulación inmobiliaria, define los principales componentes de este proyecto.

This article analyses the urbanization process of the Ciudad de la Costa, a

complex and growing metropolitan territory in Montevideo and the second largest city of Uruguay. Always understood as a spontaneous configuration process and an unplanned territory, a view of a global land project is suggested, completed in one century and in which the surveying and afforestation acquires crucial importance. The project begins with the acquisition of a large field by a businessman who starts using forestry as a tool for recovery and qualification of

wetlands. A first land partition defines the main traces in the territory, and it is

followed by a process of rural land fragmentation with an urban vision: first

motivated by an equal distribution among the descendants of Doroteo Garcia, but then by an urbanizing project based in the sun and beach culture and real estate speculation. This defines the main components of this project.
De río y pradera, monte y chacra, puerto y fábrica: paisaje y patrimonio en el litoral del Río Uruguay
Authors: Castelli Walter Daniel
Published: August 2020

Lectura de la historia del territorio a través de sus formas y comprensión del

concepto de patrimonio a escala del territorio, desde las identidades territoriales de la región litoral del Río Uruguay.

Observación de variados modos de interrelación del agua y la tierra, elementos

fundantes de este territorio, y la multiplicidad de formas construidas como lugar de vida y trabajo, por las comunidades humanas residentes.

Dos casos, ilustrativos de la Historia de la ganadería, el cuero y la carne, que

desde raíz común han desarrollado procesos diferentes, construyendo la diversidad de este perfil de paisaje cultural regional.

Otros dos ejemplos, desde la historia de comunidades de cultivadores, enriquecen los modos de apreciación de esta región como paisaje cultural, desde este otro perfil vinculable a la historia de la agricultura.

Un último caso, ejemplificando la catalogación de recursos culturales que

fundamentan un lugar, para su comprensión territorial patrimonial y la faz

propositiva, de proyectos de circuitos turístico-patrimoniales para su desarrollo.

Reading of the history of the territory through their forms, and understanding of

the concept of heritage at the level of the territory, from the territorial identities

of the "Litoral del Río Uruguay" region.

Observation of various modes of interchange between water and earth, sensed

elements of this territory, and the multiplicity of forms built as a place of life and

work, by resident human communities.

Two cases, illustrative of the history of cattle, leather and meat, that from

common roots have developed different processes, building the diversity of this

profile of regional cultural landscape.

Two other examples, from the history of growers communities, enrich the

appreciation modes of this region as a cultural landscape, from this specific

profile concerning the history of agriculture.

One last case, exemplifying a catalogue of cultural resources to guide

understanding the territorial heritage of a place and the proposal of touristicheritage

circuit projects for development.
La memòria d'un paisatge gravat: les pedreres de marès, empremta territorial del paisatge identitari de Mallorca
Authors: Salvà Matas Catalina
Published: August 2020

El procés de posar de manifest les pedreres de marès com un dels paisatges que conformen

la identitat i memòria d’una part molt extensa de Mallorca passa per desenvolupar la

consideració de l’existència d’un lligam de component territorial entre aquestes pedreres.

El desenvolupament de la noció de territorialitat vinculada a les pedreres intenta ser una nova mirada interpretativa d’aquestes, fins ara enteses com a entitats aïllades immerses en una totalitat desconeguda. La lectura, a través del reconeixement de l’evolució en el temps

del conjunt de pedreres, es construeix sobre una matriu territorial evolutiva, on les pedreres esdevenen rastres d’aquest procés. La representació d’aquests rastres de diferents estadis temporals provoca la detecció de conjunts de pedreres, presents en gran part de la geografia de l’illa, apuntant a l’existència d’un Territori de Pedreres, determinant d’una percepció d’un nou paisatge que, a través de les pedreres, configura una nova identitat de Mallorca.

The discovering process of the sandstone quarries as identity and memory landscapes of a huge part of Mallorca begins with the hypothesis of a territorial link between these quarries.

The development of a territorial notion linked to the quarries tries to offer a new interpretation of these, until now understood as isolated entities immersed in an unknown entirety. The interpretation, through their temporal evolution, is constructed upon an evolutionary territorial matrix where the quarries become traces of this process. The representation of these traces on different temporary stages causes the detection of some categories of quarries, which can be found in most of the island, and points to the existence of a Land of Quarries, determining

the perception of a new landscape that, through the quarries, configures a new identity of Mallorca.
Estructuras territoriales ocultas: los parajes en la Quebrada de Humahuaca
Authors: Jacob Nadia , Cortopassi María
Published: August 2020

La presente investigación constituye un avance en el marco del Proyecto de Red "Paisajes culturales y desarrollo local. Evaluación de programas, proyectos y transformaciones territoriales en la Quebrada de Humahuaca".

Como integrantes del Nodo3–Rosario nos hemos centrado en los alcances conceptuales y

operativos de nociones como territorio y paisaje, el análisis de los procesos de transformación del territorio y las alternativas de los instrumentos de ordenamiento territorial.

Particularmente este artículo pretende destacar la unidad de las formas del paisaje rural y urbano, entendiendo que esta unidad define rasgos de identidad de las comunidades de este sistema territorial. Asimismo se plantea su inclusión dentro de los lineamientos generales de un posible sistema de planificación y como parte sustantiva de los recursos patrimoniales.

Lo oculto define un "rasgo permanente" en un área compleja y extensa en el espacio y el

tiempo como lo es la Quebrada de Humahuaca.

This paper is a work in progress within the framework of the network project "Cultural

landscapes and local development. Programmes, projects and territorial transformations evaluation in the Quebrada de Humahuaca".

As members of the Node 3-Rosario we have focused on the conceptual and operational scope of notions such as territory and landscape, the analysis of the processes of transformation of the territory and the alternatives of territorial regulation instruments.

Particularly this article aims to highlight the forms of the rural and urban landscape unit, understanding that this unit defines features of the communities living in this territorial system identity. Likewise raises its inclusion within the outlines of a possible system of planning and

as a substantive part of the heritage resources.

The hidden defines a "permanent feature" in a complex and extensive both in space and time area such as the "Quebrada de Humahuaca".
"El río que nos lleva" ... al jardín de la metrópolis: ríos, rieras y torrents - calles y parques: caso de estudio: Sabadell y Terrassa
Authors: Carcaño Zapata Carme
Published: August 2020

Las ciudades de Sabadell y Terrassa y sus hinterlands, a pesar de estar separadas por tan sólo 4 km, nunca han formado una conurbación urbana. La estructura de este territorio, constituido por dos subsistemas urbanos, lo ha definido su geomorfologia, que se sitúa a caballo entre dos cuencas hidrográficas, la del río Besós y la del río Llobregat. Esta particularidad del territorio se dejó entrever la noche del 25 de septiembre de 1962, cuando las ciudades fueron inundadas por sus ríos y rieras. Cincuenta años más tarde, estos espacios fluviales se han convertido en los espacios urbanos por excelencia para las ciudades.

El análisis de estas actuaciones urbanas para encontrar unas pautas que permitan actuar en otros espacios fluviales, y la justificación que estos son los grandes espacios de oportunidad en la estructuración del territorio metropolitano, son el objeto de este estudio.

The cities of Sabadell and Terrassa and their hinterlands,despite being separated by just 4 Km, have

never formed an urban conurbation. The structure of this territory, consisting of two urban sub systems,

has defined its geomorphological structure, which is located between two hydrographic systems, the

Besos river and the Llobregat river. This feature of the territory hinted night September 25, 1962, when

the cities were flooded. Fifty years after the fact, these river areas have become the best urban areas of

those cities.

The subject of this study is to analyze these urban projects in order to find guidelines to act in other river

areas, and to defend that these are the major areas of opportunity in structuring the metropolis.
Paisagem cultural da imigração em Santa Catarina
Authors: Weissheimer María Regina
Published: August 2020

A singularidade da paisagem cultural da imigração em Santa Catarina está grandemente

alicerçada pela existência das pequenas propriedades rurais policulturas, de base familiar,

que durante muito tempo obtiveram seu sustento através da venda de produtos tradicionais,

feitos da matéria-prima produzida na propriedade e comercializado localmente. A partir da

segunda metade do século XX, a crescente industrialização das regiões de imigração e

a rápida transformação das cidades, cuja área urbana engole os antigos núcleos rurais,

agravada pela imposição de regras sanitárias que restringem o produtor artesanal,

passaram a criar sérios problemas à sobrevivência econômica da pequena propriedade

rural. A preservação dos aspectos mais autênticos da paisagem cultural dessas regiões

depende, atualmente, do desenvolvimento de alternativas econômicas para o sustento da

pequena propriedade, incluindo a necessária criação de selos e certificações especiais aos

produtos tradicionais.

La singularidad del paisaje cultural de la inmigración en Santa Catarina se sustenta en gran parte por la

existencia de pequeñas propiedades rurales, basadas en la producción familiar, que han tenido durante

mucho tiempo su sustento garantizado con la venta de productos tradicionales, elaborados a partir de

materias primas producidas en la granja y comercializados localmente. A partir de la segunda mitad del

siglo XX, la creciente industrialización de las regiones de inmigración y la rápida transformación de las

ciudades, cuya área urbana se traga los antiguos centros rurales, agravada por la imposición de normas

sanitarias que restringen el productor artesanal, han creado graves problemas para la supervivencia

económica de las pequeñas propiedades. La preservación de los aspectos más auténticos del paisaje

cultural en estas regiones depende actualmente el desarrollo de alternativas económicas para el apoyo

de la pequeña propiedad, incluyendo la necesaria creación de sellos especiales y certificaciones a los

productos tradicionales.

The singularity of the immigration’s cultural landscape in Santa Catarina is largely supported by the

existence of small farms, mixed cropping and family-based, that for a long time had their livelihood by

selling traditional products, made from raw materials produced on the farm and marketed locally. From

the second half of the twentieth century, the growing industrialization and the rapid transformation of

cities, whose urban area swallows the old rural centers, compounded by the imposition of sanitary rules

restricting the artisan producer, have created serious problems for the economic survival of small farms.

The preservation of the most authentic aspects of the cultural landscape in these regions depends,

currently, on the development of economic alternatives for the small property support, including the

necessary creation of special labels and certifications to traditional products.