bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
University of Florida Potato Variety Trials Spotlight: ‘French Fingerling’
Authors: Andrade Mario H.M.L. , Mwatuwa Rodrick Z. , Christensen Christian T. , Solano Pam , Zotarelli Lincoln
Published: March 2021

‘French Fingerling’ is a fresh potato variety that is commonly grown for the specialty potato market. Formerly known as ‘Roseval’. The cultivar was selected from a progeny of a cross between ‘Vale’ and ‘Rosa’. It was released in 1950 by SICA Bretagne Plants, a member of the National Federation of Producers of Potato Plants in France. ‘French Fingerling’ demonstrated adaptability to Florida growing conditions by producing high yield and good tuber characteristics. Tuber production and quality results provided in this spotlight are from the Florida Potato Variety Trials conducted at UF/ IFAS Hastings Agricultural Extension Center between 2010 and 2018.
Controlled-Release Fertilizer Opportunities and Costs for Potato Production in Florida
Authors: Hutchinson Chad M. , Simonne Eric H.
Published: March 2021

The objective of this article is to compare the costs and benefits of a nitrogen CRF program to a traditional soluble N program in potato. This document is HS941, one of a series of the Horticultural Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Publication date: July 2003.

HS941/HS187: Controlled-Release Fertilizers for Commercial Potato Production in Florida (ufl.edu)
Recommendations for Degreening Florida Fresh Citrus Fruits
Authors: Ritenour Mark A. , Miller William M. , Wardowski Wilfred W.
Published: March 2021

Early varieties of citrus fruit in Florida usually meet legal maturity standards before the peel attains the characteristic varietal color and therefore require degreening. Occasionally, later maturing varieties may similarly require degreening. The degreening process, which involves the use of ethylene gas in specially constructed degreening rooms, destroys the chlorophyll and allows the yellow or orange peel to predominate. This document is Cir 1170, Horticultural Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Publication date: August 2003. 

Cir 1170/HS195: Recommendations for Degreening Florida Fresh Citrus Fruits (ufl.edu)
Controlled-Release Fertilizers for Florida Citrus Production
Authors: Obreza Tom , Rouse Bob
Published: March 2021

In the new age of Florida citrus production, Best Management Practices to protect water quality are being considered across the state. Growers have been encouraged to carefully consider nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates, application schedules, and irrigation management in their groves. Nitrogen sources have received little attention because most managers are accustomed to using water-soluble fertilizers like ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, and urea. Synthetic controlled-release fertilizers (CRFs) have existed commercially for more than 35 years, but other than use in young-tree fertilizer blends, Florida citrus growers have avoided them due to high cost and lack of production experience. This document is SL-214, a fact sheet of the Soil and Water Science Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Published: January 2004.

https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ss433
Soil-Test-Based Phosphorus Recommendations for Commercial Agricultural Production in Florida
Authors: Mylavarapu Rao , Li Yuncong , Silveira Maria , Mackowiak Cheryl , McCray J. Mabry
Published: March 2021

This new 6-page publication of the UF/IFAS Department of Soil and Water Sciences is intended to address agronomic and environmental issues related to phosphorus (P) dynamics in Florida agricultural soils and soil test P interpretation and management for agricultural crops. This document aims to provide science-based information to agricultural clientele, including commercial producers, small farmers, Extension agents, crop consultants, landscape professionals, representatives of the fertilizer industry, state and local agencies, students and instructors of high schools and colleges, researchers, and interested Florida citizens. Written by Rao Mylavarapu, Yuncong Li, Maria Silveira, Cheryl Mackowiak, and Mabry McCray.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ss699
Highways and Wildlife: Problems and Solutions
Authors: Schaefer Joe , Mazzotti Frank J. , Huegel Craig
Published: March 2021

The expanding network of highways built to transport Florida's residents and visitors has a severe impact on our wildlife resources. Information on this topic is currently in great demand by conservationists, planners, and road builders. Increased knowledge of wildlife movements, use of habitat, and reactions to highways, in addition to greater experience with innovative roadway designs, offer opportunities to lessen the negative impacts of roads on native fauna. This fact sheet summarizes the known or suspected relationships between highways and wildlife in Florida, and solutions that may help to minimize problems. Readers are encouraged to consult the listed references for more information. This is document WEC-172, one of a series of the Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute ofFood and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Published:1993, as SS-WIS-41. Revised: February, 2003. 

https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/uw158
Interrelationship of Nutrition and Immunity
Authors: Butcher Gary D. , Miles Richard D.
Published: March 2021

The immune system benefits greatly from proper nutrition of the bird. Not only does the immune system benefit directly from proper nutrition, but indirectly proper nutrition will also prepare the bird for periods of stress, reducing the adverse effects of stress and enhancing recovery from stressful periods. Therefore, in many instances, proper nutrition lessens the immune suppression associated with the stress response in the bird. This document is VM139, one of a series of the Veterinary Medicine-Large Animal Clinical Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date June 12, 2002.

VM139/VM104: Interrelationship between Nutrition and Immunity (ufl.edu)
TO DETERMINE THE ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERNS IN VAP PATHOGENS IN ICU PATIENTS AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL ATTACHED TO S. P. MEDICAL COLLEGE, BIKANER
Authors: Gahlot Sangeeta , Saini Makkhan Lal
Published: March 2021

Background: The present study aimed to find out the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the organisms isolated from cases of VAP

Methods: This study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology,  by taking samples from clinically suspected cases of  VAP from different ICU( Medical, Surgical, Neonatal and Pediatric ICU) at tertiary care hospital attached to S. P. Medical College, Bikaner.

Results: Out of 79 GNB, 63 (79.74%) isolates were found to be MDR, including 10 (66.67%)) isolates of MDR Pseudomonas.

Conclusion: Adherence to infection control protocols and short term use of invasive devices and judicious use of antibiotics are also important in preventing VAP caused by these MDR pathogens

Keywords: VAP, MDR, ICU
Komitmen Organisasi sebagai Mediasi Pengaruh Pengembangan Karir terhadap Kinerja
Authors: Purnawati Putu , Widyani Anak Agung Dwi , Devy Ni Putu Risma
Published: March 2021

An achievement that is achieved by a person in carrying out his duties based on ability, experience, and seriousness, and time. So that CV. Bali Villa Construction can continue to exist in competition, so the company must have quality human resources. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of career and organizational commitment on employee performance, the effect of career development on commitment, and organizational commitment as mediation for career development on employee performance. The number of samples used was 45 people using the census method. Data collection using a questionnaire. The data analysis technique used SEM-PLS. The results showed that career development and organizational commitment have a positive effect on employee performance. Career development has a positive effect on employee performance. Organizational commitment can mediate the influence of career on employee performance.
Virtual Reality Improves The Knowledge of Midwives in IUD (Intra Uterine Device) Training
Authors: Pratiwi Intan Gumilang , Hamidiyanti Baiq Yuni Fitri , Arifin Achmad , Husin Farid , Pandudita Rai , Ristrini Ristrini , Bachtiar Adang , Putro Gurendro , Dramawan Awan , Diarti Maruni Wiwin
Published: March 2021

IUD family planning users continue to decline from the 2012 IDHS as much as 4.9%, in 2017 IDHS data of 3.9%. The Total Fertility Rate (TFR) in NTB Province was 2.8 children higher than the national target of 2.36 children. This study aims to analyze the application of virtual reality technology to increase midwives' knowledge in installing IUD. The design of this research design is a quasi-experiment with a pre-post non-equivalent control group design. This research design uses two groups: the case group (the group that is given treatment or intervention using virtual reality) and the control group (the group that is not given treatment or not using virtual reality). The number of samples in this study was 30 respondents for each group (treatment and control). The results of this study that the average knowledge after the intervention group training has a higher average than the average in the control group with a p-value (0.000) <α (0.05).
Map of BioEco Observing networks/capability
Authors: Ratnarajah Lavenia
Published: March 2021

This deliverable maps the locations and properties of sustained biological observing networks through Europe including identifying coordinating groups and data aggregators. Data come from a global survey of networks, supplemented by an analysis of sustained observations in OBIS (that receives all biological data from EMODNet).
Protean Knowledge: On Researching while Studying with Sherwood Chen
Authors: Nicely Megan
Published: March 2021

For performing artists, processes that enhance and revitalize our research are equally educational. Attending training and compositional workshops as a student, in dialog with a teacher’s offerings, can raise new questions then folded back into our own research process. In this essay, I analyze my participation in two workshops and the highly physical training that preceded them, devised and led by movement artist Sherwood Chen. Chen teaches and performs throughout Europe and the US and is one of a small handful that lead Body Weather-based training, developed by Tanaka Min alongside others. While Chen was a member of Tanaka’s company in its later years, he neither considers himself an authority, nor what he imparts to be the only approach to this pedagogy. Chen’s compositional workshops take a similarly ambivalent view of codified methods and their transmission, while at the same time posing more poignant questions about lineage, embodied knowledge, and the student-teacher relationship.
CRISE ESTRUTURAL E SOCIETÁRIA: PRECARIZAÇÃO DO TRABALHO EM TEMPOS DE “BOLSONARISMO PANDÊMICO”
Authors: Irineu de França Diego Pessoa
Published: March 2021

O presente texto reflete sobre os principais desdobramentos da crise estrutural do capital para o mundo do trabalho no Brasil, particularmente a partir de um contexto que une acentuação do estado de calamidade pública ao desmonte sistemático dos direitos que aprofundam a precarização. Essa combinação esdrúxula denominamos “bolsonarismo pandêmico”. Desse modo, identificamos como uma situação de incertezas causadas pela pandemia da Covid-19 consiste num terreno fértil para a legitimação da narrativa da precarização do trabalho e de manutenção do status quo, mesmo que disfarçada pelo manto da “inovação” tecnológica. Por fim, analisamos a particularidade e os conflitos que permeiam o modus operandi suicida do capital endossado pelo governo Bolsonaro, responsável tanto pelo agravamento da crise sanitária quanto para potencializar a precariedade generalizada.Palavras-chave: crise estrutural; precarização do trabalho; bolsonarismo; pandemia.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE O IMPACTO DA PANDEMIA POR CORONAVÍRUS NA ATUAÇÃO DO CATADOR DE MATERIAIS RECICLAVEIS
Authors: De Almeida Maia Carlos Vangerre , Feitosa Anny Kariny , Galvão Júnior Alceu De Castro , De Araújo Danielle Ferreira , Ribeiro Andrade José Hamilton
Published: March 2021

A pandemia do Covid-19 age mais severamente nos estratos mais baixos da sociedade brasileira, onde estão os catadores de materiais recicláveis, os quais atuam de maneira organizada em associações e cooperativas ou de forma individual. Para evitar depauperação maior de sua renda, os catadores de materiais recicláveis precisam permanecer catando por mais tempo,  em um momento onde os preços dos recicláveis estão caindo, mesmo com o aumento da sua produção. Isto acarreta maior exposição ao vírus do Covid-19 pois, entre os catadores de materiais recicláveis, há muitos sexagenários e indivíduos com comorbidades pré-existentes.  Ademais, é necessário discutir o cenário pós pandemia, com a possibilidade do aumento substancial de novos catadores advindos da crise econômica e do incremento da oferta de material reciclável.
O enfermeiro como protagonista da identificação precoce da sepse: Cuidados no manejo e evolução do agravo
Authors: Cebriano Gabriel Conde y Martin , Silva Dayane Lima Caldeira da , Ramos Luciano Godinho Almuinha , Passos Isabelle Cristiny Gregorio Amorim , Barbosa Karen Lorrana Reis , Andrade Paloma Pereira de , Santiago Victoria Emília Leitão , Santos Thiago Nascimento Sousa
Published: March 2021

Este estudo fala sobre a importância das ações do enfermeiro na identificação precoce dos sinais de sepse, utilizando dados laboratoriais para melhor abordagem ao paciente em curso deste agravo. Seu objetivo é destacar a importância do conhecimento do enfermeiro na identificação precoce da sepse. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa com a seguinte questão norteadora: Qual a importância das ações do enfermeiro na identificação precoce dos sinais de sepse, utilizando dados laboratoriais para melhor abordagem ao paciente em curso deste agravo? A busca das publicações foi realizada nas bases de dados BVS. Como critério de inclusão, foram selecionados artigos publicados entre os anos de 2014 a 2020, utilizando-se os seguintes descritores: lactato, sepse, Escores de disfunção orgânica, papel do enfermeiro, Identificação, enfermeiros. O conhecimento evidenciado nas publicações escolhidas apresentou-se reduzido. Contudo, dentre os artigos encontrados do enfermeiro inserido na identificação precoce da sepse, a maioria ressaltou sua importância no contexto apresentado, porém não apresentaram uma conduta específica na resolução do problema, limitando suas atividades em intervenções secundárias como: avaliação do balanço hídrico e suporte nutricional, observação do paciente contemplando a controle dos parâmetros de FiO² (fração inspirada de oxigênio), PaO² (pressão parcial de oxigênio). Conclui-se que é fundamental que o enfermeiro seja protagonista no manejo da sepse além da possibilidade de criação de protocolos por parte destes profissionais, que se utilizam da sistematização da assistência de enfermagem para a identificação e prevenção de agravos, sendo essa uma forma eficaz de diminuir as complicações nos mais variados setores de atendimento em saúde.
Application of CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing for congenital heart disease
Authors: Seok Heeyoung , Deng Rui , Cowan Douglas B. , Wang Da-Zhi
Published: March 2021

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) is an ancient prokaryotic defense system that precisely cuts foreign genomic DNA under the control of a small number of guide RNAs. The CRISPR-Cas9 system facilitates efficient double-stranded DNA cleavage that has been recently adopted for genome editing to create or correct inherited genetic mutations causing disease. Congenital heart disease (CHD) is generally caused by genetic mutations such as base substitutions, deletions, and insertions, which result in diverse developmental defects and remains a leading cause of birth defects. Pediatric CHD patients exhibit a spectrum of cardiac abnormalities such as septal defects, valvular defects, and abnormal chamber development. CHD onset occurs during the prenatal period and often results in early lethality during childhood. Because CRISPR-Cas9-based genome editing technology has gained considerable attention for its potential to prevent and treat diseases, we will review the CRISPR-Cas9 system as a genome editing tool and focus on its therapeutic application for CHD.
KEABSAHAN SERTIFIKAT DARI PERBEDAAN JANGKA WAKTU PUBLISITAS DALAM PENDAFTARAN TANAH
Authors: Nuralifah Asriyanti
Published: March 2021

Demi terwujudnya kesejahteraan masyarakat, pemerintah Indonesia saat ini dalam mengatur kepemilikan tanah dan memimpin penggunaannya telah menyelenggarakan pendaftaran tanah di seluruh wilayah Negara Republik Indonesia. Pendaftaran tanah ini merupakan kewajiban pemerintah yang bertujuan untuk menjamin kepastian hukum. Akan tetapi dalam pelaksanaannya terdapat perbedaan pengaturan jangka waktu pengumuman pembuktian pemilikan tanah data yuridis dan data fisik bidang tanah serta peta bidang-bidang tanah diumumkan antara Peraturan Menteri Agraria dan Tata Ruang/Badan Pertanahan Nasional Nomor 6 Tahun 2018 tentang Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap (PTSL) dengan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 24 Tahun 1997 tentang Pendaftaran Tanah. Oleh karena itu, dilakukakan penelitian ini untuk memperoleh kejelasan bagaimana keabsahan sertifikat yang diterbitkan dan bagaimana akibat hukum dari perbedaan peraturan dalam pendaftaran tanah terkait asas publisitas negatif berunsur positif.. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan analitis. Dari hasil penelitian ini kedudukan sertifikat berdasarkan perbedaan peraturan jangka waktu publisitas sah apabila tidak diadakan yudicial review dan tidak dibatalkan oleh pembatalan sertifikat.Kata kunci: Pengaturan asas publisitas, Perbedaan pengaturan, dan Keabsahan sertifikatIn order to realize the welfare of society, this time Indonesian government in regulating land ownership and leading its use that have registered land in the entire territory of the Republic of Indonesia. This land registration is a government obligation that aims to guarantee legal certainty. However, in the implementation there are different arrangements for the period of announcement of proof of land ownership of juridical data and physical data on parcels of land and maps of land parcels announced between Minister of Agrarian and Spatial Planning / National Land Agency Regulation Number 6 in 2018 concerning Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL) with Government Regulation Number 24 of 1997 concerning Land Registration. Therefore, this research was carried out to obtain clarity on the validity of the certificates issued and how the legal consequences of the different regulations in land registration related to the principle of negative publicity are positive elements. The method used in this study is normative with a legal approach and analytical approach. From the results of this study the position of the certificate is based on differences in the rules of the period of validity of publicity if a judicial review is not held and is not canceled by the cancellation of the certificate.Keywords: Setting publicity principles, Setting differences, Certificate validity
INTEGRASI NILAI MULTIKULTURAL DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DI DAERAH PASCA KONFLIK
Authors: Mashuri Saepudin
Published: March 2021

Artikel ini berkenaan dengan integrasi nilai multikultural dalam pembelajaran PAI di sekolah dengan setting sosial masyarakat Poso pasca konflik yang sedang membangun perdamaian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan proses integrasi nilai multikultural dalam pembelajaran PAI di SMKN 1 dan SMAN 3 Poso, Sulawesi Tengah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi multisitus di dua sekolah yang memiliki karakteristik umum yang sama. Teknik pengumpulan data, yaitu: wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipan dan studi dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan metode komparatif konstan untuk menemukan persamaan, perbedaan dan hubungan temuan penelitian di kedua situs. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai multikultural yang diintegrasikan di kedua sekolah adalah kontekstual dengan realitas keragaman peserta didik, masyarakat dan upaya membangun perdamaian di sekolah dan daerah Poso pasca konflik. Kemudian, nilai multikultural  yang diitegrasikan bersifat universal yang mencakup: saling memaafkan, kasih sayang, saling menghormati, kepedulian, toleransi, kebersamaan dan perdamaian. Proses integrasi nilai multikultural dilakukan melalui empat pendekatan, yaitu: formal-tekstual, sosial-kontekstual, kontributif-kultural dan aditif-tematik dengan empat bentuk integrasi, meliputi: normatif, interpersonal, sosial dan budaya lokal.Kata Kunci: Integrasi, Nilai Multikultural, Pembelajaran PAI, Perdamaian, Sekolah Pasca Konflik This paper deals with multicultural values integration in Islamic education learning takes place on the social setting of post-conflict schools and society who are building peace. The purpose of this study is to reveal the process of multicultural values integration in Islamic education learning at di SMKN 1 dan SMAN 3 Poso, Central Sulawesi. The study is a qualitative approach with multi-sites study in two schools with same general characteristics. The data collection techniques are: in-depth interview, partisipant observation, and document study. Analysis was carried out by comparative constant analysis to find smillarities, difference, and correlation of the results of the research in two schools. The results of the study indicate that integration of multicultural values in Islamic education learning in  both schools are contextual with the reality of students diversity, society and effort to build peace in the post - conflict  schools  and Poso area. Then, the integrated of multicultural values is universal. The values are forgiveness, compassion, mutual respect, care, tolerance, togetherness, and peace. The process of multicultural values integration in Islamic education learning in both schools has been performed through four approaches. The approaches consist of: formal-textual, social-contextual, contributive-cultural, and additive-thematic. While its forms of the integration include: normative, interpersonal, social, and local culture.Key Words: Integration, Multicultural Values, Islamic Educatin Leaning, Peace, Post-Conflict Schools
THE IMPORTANCE OF INTEGRATING MULTICULTURALISM IN TEACHING COMMUNITY INTERPRETING
Authors: Maulidiyah Fitrotul
Published: March 2021

Globalization and massive development in communication and information technology generates multiculturalism in the last few years. It enables people live their originality consciously and without authorization of the other cultures. In other words, multiculturalism is a cultural wealth for living together. Furthermore, people who have different cultures consider that it is necessary to find a way to have proper intercultural communication especially when they live together. Multiculturalism is considered compulsory for social diversity including its appearance and recognition. Moving from this thought, interpretation, a social phenomenon between different languages and cultures has an undeniable function especially for community interpretating. The function of community interpreting and intercultural communication is multifaceted. The community interpreter has to know the languages, the cultures they belong to, their social structures, world understandings and value judgments. Multiculturalism needs social and cultural diversity. Therefore, a community interpreter has to apply every culture’s necessities equally besides the interpreting procedures. In multicultural societies formed by different cultures, community interpreting plays a pivotal role in order to live together peacefully towards common boundaries. Community interpreting has a mission on conciliation and adaptation of different cultures and values. Community interpreting helps social structures compromise in the sense of multiculturalism and recognize their cultural background. This study will examine the necessity of multiculturalism integration in the teaching of community interpreting which has become more important in recent days. This is intended for communities with diverse cultures to continue their harmonious coexistence and to maintain their presence in the content of multiculturalism.Keywords: community interpreting, integration, multiculturalism
Outbreak of vibriosis associated with Vibrio parahaemolyticus in the mud crab Scylla paramamosain cultured in China
Authors: Xie J , Mei H , Jin S , Bu L , Wang X , Wang C , Zhao Q , Ma R , Zhou S
Published: March 2021

In this study, a Gram-negative bacterium was isolated from diseasedScylla paramamosainand tentatively named strain QX17. The bacterial isolate was identified asVibrio parahaemolyticusbased on morphological and biochemical characteristics and molecular identification with the 16S rRNA and HSP60 genes. In the challenge experiment,S. paramamosaininjected intramuscularly with theV. parahaemolyticusisolate developed pathological signs similar to the naturally diseased mud crabs. The infection experiment also showed that the median lethal dosage (LD50) for QX17 was 4.79 × 102CFU g-1(crab weight). Histopathological analysis of the diseased mud crabs infected withV. parahaemolyticusshowed deformation and basement membrane rupture of hepatopancreatic tubules in the hepatopancreas, and disordered and broken muscle fiber in the muscle. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests revealed that QX17 was highly sensitive to most of the tested aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, and quinolones. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting isolation and antibiotic sensitivities ofV. parahaemolyticusfrom cultured mud crabs. The discovery ofV. parahaemolyticusin cultured mud crabs not only adds to the growing list of emerging pathogens in crab aquaculture in China, but also highlights the necessity of developing early detection strategies and appropriate interventions to reduce the damage caused byV. parahaemolyticusin mud crab aquaculture.
An Accessible Interface Layer for Self-Sovereign Identity
Authors: Lockwood Mick
Published: March 2021

The mechanisms and evolving standards collectively known as self-sovereign identity (SSI) offer the prospect of a decentralized Internet by providing a central pillar for a human-centered data ecosystem (HCDE). Once established this technology promises to afford participants the same agency in the digital realm as individuals experience in the real world. Investigation suggests that the domain is now sufficiently mature to realize practically the principles of SSI, but in order to achieve sustainable adoption, significant design focused work needs to be undertaken at the interface layer. This paper presents recent practice-led research designed to project current SSI prototypes to scale through conceptual modeling, preliminary user interface, and critical analysis. This research introduces the term sovereign boundary mechanism (SBM), a standardized collection of SSI interactions, which can be described as a metaphorical ring of sovereignty between the participant and the wider network. Within this model, participants control identity, relationships, and data streams and access control. This research identifies the domains of interaction and the minimum required objects for a full-scale SSI engagement through an SBM. It defines the component parts and functionality of a wider HCDE which require further consideration, and it identifies emergent concepts for which a participant may lack mental model and understanding. The research considers human computer interaction (HCI) theory across internalized, external, and distributed cognition, arguing that the current trajectory of SSI requires significant internalized representations, prior knowledge, and participant responsibility. This research argues that these elements are problematic and pose a significant barrier to sustainable adoption. In conclusion, this research suggests that the decentralized community needs to recognize the obstacle potentially posed at the interface layer and engage in collective standardization, strategy, and design thinking to increase the probability of sustainable adoption.
Cell Surface Processing of CD109 by Meprin β Leads to the Release of Soluble Fragments and Reduced Expression on Extracellular Vesicles
Authors: Lückstädt Wiebke , Bub Simon , Koudelka Tomas , Pavlenko Egor , Peters Florian , Somasundaram Prasath , Becker-Pauly Christoph , Lucius Ralph , Zunke Friederike , Arnold Philipp
Published: March 2021

Cluster of differentiation 109 (CD109) is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein expressed on primitive hematopoietic stem cells, activated platelets, CD4+and CD8+T cells, and keratinocytes. In recent years, CD109 was also associated with different tumor entities and identified as a possible future diagnostic marker linked to reduced patient survival. Also, different cell signaling pathways were proposed as targets for CD109 interference including the TGFβ, JAK-STAT3, YAP/TAZ, and EGFR/AKT/mTOR pathways. Here, we identify the metalloproteinase meprin β to cleave CD109 at the cell surface and thereby induce the release of cleavage fragments of different size. Major cleavage was identified within the bait region of CD109 residing in the middle of the protein. To identify the structural localization of the bait region, homology modeling and single-particle analysis were applied, resulting in a molecular model of membrane-associated CD109, which allows for the localization of the newly identified cleavage sites for meprin β and the previously published cleavage sites for the metalloproteinase bone morphogenetic protein-1 (BMP-1). Full-length CD109 localized on extracellular vesicles (EVs) was also identified as a release mechanism, and we can show that proteolytic cleavage of CD109 at the cell surface reduces the amount of CD109 sorted to EVs. In summary, we identified meprin β as the first membrane-bound protease to cleave CD109 within the bait region, provide a first structural model for CD109, and show that cell surface proteolysis correlates negatively with CD109 released on EVs.
Mogroside V Protects Porcine Oocytes From Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Meiotic Defects
Authors: Yan Ke , Cui Kexin , Nie Junyu , Zhang Hengye , Sui Lumin , Zhang Huiting , Yang Xiaogan , Xu Chang-Long , Liang Xingwei
Published: March 2021

Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) compromises female reproduction, especially oocyte maturation and competence. However, methods to protect oocyte quality from LPS-induced deterioration remain largely unexplored. We previously found that mogroside V (MV) can promote oocyte maturation and embryonic development. However, whether MV can alleviate the adverse effects of LPS exposure on oocyte maturation is unclear. Thus, in this study, we used porcine oocytes as a model to explore the effects of MV administration on LPS-induced oocyte meiotic defects. Our findings show that supplementation with MV protected oocytes from the LPS-mediated reduction in the meiotic maturation rate and the subsequent blastocyst formation rate. In addition, MV alleviated the abnormalities in spindle formation and chromosome alignment, decrease in α-tubulin acetylation levels, the disruption of actin polymerization, and the reductions in mitochondrial contents and lipid droplet contents caused by LPS exposure. Meanwhile, LPS reduced m6A levels in oocytes, but MV restored these epigenetic modifications. Furthermore, MV reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and early apoptosis in oocytes exposed to LPS. In summary, our study demonstrates that MV can protect oocytes from LPS-induced meiotic defects in part by reducing oxidative stress and maintaining m6A levels.
Integrative Analysis of Vaginal Microorganisms and Serum Metabolomics in Rats With Estrous Cycle Disorder Induced by Long-Term Heat Exposure Based on 16S rDNA Gene Sequencing and LC/MS-Based Metabolomics
Authors: An GaiHong , Zhang Yu , Fan LiJun , Chen JiaJun , Wei MengFan , Li Chao , Chen XueWei , Zhang Li , Yang DanFeng , Wang Jing
Published: March 2021

Long term heat exposure (HE) leads to estrous cycle disorder (ECD) in female rats and damages reproductive function. However, the regulation mechanism of vaginal microorganisms and serum metabolomics remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the effects of microbes on the vaginal secretions of rats with ECD and describe the serum metabolomics characteristics and their relationship with vaginal microorganisms. The alterations in the serum levels of neurotransmitters were used to verify the possible regulatory pathways. The relative abundance, composition, and colony interaction network of microorganisms in the vaginal secretions of rats with ECD changed significantly. The metabolomics analysis identified 22 potential biomarkers in the serum including lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and mammalian target of rapamycin and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) signaling pathways. Further, 52 pairs of vaginal microbiota–serum metabolites correlations (21 positive and 31 negative) were determined. The abundance of Gardnerella correlated positively with the metabolite L-arginine concentration and negatively with the oleic acid concentration. Further, a negative correlation was found between the abundance of Pseudomonas and the L-arginine concentration and between the metabolite benzoic acid concentration and the abundance of Adlercreutzia. These four bacteria–metabolite pairs had a direct or indirect relationship with the estrous cycle and reproduction. The glutamine, glutamate, and dopamine levels were significantly uncontrolled. The former two were closely related to GnRH signaling pathways involved in the development and regulation of HE-induced ECD in rats. Serum neurotransmitters partly reflected the regulatory effect of vaginal microorganisms on the host of HE-induced ECD, and glutamatergic neurotransmitters might be closely related to the alteration in vaginal microorganisms. These findings might help comprehend the mechanism of HE-induced ECD and propose a new intervention based on vaginal microorganisms.
The Causes of Chest Pain in Children and the Criteria for Targeted Myocardial Enzyme Testing in Identifying the Causes of Chest Pain in Children
Authors: Chen Li , Duan Hongzhou , Li Xiaoyan , Yang Zuozhen , Jiao Meng , Sun Kangtai , Jin Mei
Published: March 2021

Aims:Chest pain is a common complaint at pediatric cardiology clinics and often leads to an extensive cardiac evaluation. In this study, we analyzed the causes of chest pain in Chinese children and developed diagnostic procedures and criteria for targeted myocardial enzyme testing.

Methods and Results:We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients aged below 18 years visiting our hospital for chest pain between 2005 and 2019. Based on auxiliary exams and clinical diagnosis, we developed diagnostic procedures and criteria for targeted myocardial enzyme testing in children with chest pain. A total of 7,251 children were included in this study. The chest pain was of cardiac origin in 581 patients (8.0%). The incidence of non-cardiac chest pain was significantly higher in the preschool group and the school-age group than in the adolescent group (93.5 vs. 93.8 vs. 90.3%,P< 0.05). Among children with cardiac chest pain, the most common concomitant symptom was chest tightness (67.0%). Myocardial enzyme testing was performed in 5,408 patients and was abnormal in 453 patients. We developed a diagnostic procedure and criteria for targeted myocardial enzyme testing using pertinent history, physical examination, and ECG findings or UCG finding. Applying the diagnostic procedure and criteria could lead to the reduction in myocardial enzyme testing while still capturing all cardiac diagnoses.

Conclusion:In children, chest pain is mostly benign and rarely cardiac. During diagnosis, targeted myocardial enzyme testing based on medical history and physical examination can effectively reduce resource use.
Machine Learning in Preoperative Prediction of Postoperative Immediate Remission of Histology-Positive Cushing’s Disease
Authors: Zhang Wentai , Sun Mengke , Fan Yanghua , Wang He , Feng Ming , Zhou Shaohua , Wang Renzhi
Published: March 2021

Background

There are no established accurate models that use machine learning (ML) methods to preoperatively predict immediate remission after transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) in patients diagnosed with histology-positive Cushing’s disease (CD).

Purpose

Our current study aims to devise and assess an ML-based model to preoperatively predict immediate remission after TSS in patients with CD.

Methods

A total of 1,045 participants with CD who received TSS at Peking Union Medical College Hospital in a 20-year period (between February 2000 and September 2019) were enrolled in the present study. In total nine ML classifiers were applied to construct models for the preoperative prediction of immediate remission with preoperative factors. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the performance of the models. The performance of each ML-based model was evaluated in terms of AUC.

Results

The overall immediate remission rate was 73.3% (766/1045). First operation (p<0.001), cavernous sinus invasion on preoperative MRI(p<0.001), tumour size (p<0.001), preoperative ACTH (p=0.008), and disease duration (p=0.010) were significantly related to immediate remission on logistic univariate analysis. The AUCs of the models ranged between 0.664 and 0.743. The highest AUC, i.e., the best performance, was 0.743, which was achieved by stacking ensemble method with four factors: first operation, cavernous sinus invasion on preoperative MRI, tumour size and preoperative ACTH.

Conclusion

We developed a readily available ML-based model for the preoperative prediction of immediate remission in patients with CD.
Evaluation of Combination Strategies for the A2AR Inhibitor AZD4635 Across Tumor Microenvironment Conditions via a Systems Pharmacology Model
Authors: Voronova Veronika , Peskov Kirill , Kosinsky Yuri , Helmlinger Gabriel , Chu Lulu , Borodovsky Alexandra , Woessner Richard , Sachsenmeier Kris , Shao Wenlin , Kumar Rakesh , Pouliot Gayle , Merchant Melinda , Kimko Holly , Mugundu Ganesh
Published: March 2021

Background

Adenosine receptor type 2 (A2AR) inhibitor, AZD4635, has been shown to reduce immunosuppressive adenosine effects within the tumor microenvironment (TME) and to enhance the efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors across various syngeneic models. This study aims at investigating anti-tumor activity of AZD4635 alone and in combination with an anti-PD-L1-specific antibody (anti-PD-L1 mAb) across various TME conditions and at identifying, via mathematical quantitative modeling, a therapeutic combination strategy to further improve treatment efficacy.

Methods

The model is represented by a set of ordinary differential equations capturing: 1) antigen-dependent T cell migration into the tumor, with subsequent proliferation and differentiation into effector T cells (Teff), leading to tumor cell lysis; 2) downregulation of processes mediated by A2AR or PD-L1, as well as other immunosuppressive mechanisms; 3) A2AR and PD-L1 inhibition by, respectively, AZD4635 and anti-PD-L1 mAb. Tumor size dynamics data from CT26, MC38, and MCA205 syngeneic mice treated with vehicle, anti-PD-L1 mAb, AZD4635, or their combination were used to inform model parameters. Between-animal and between-study variabilities (BAV, BSV) in treatment efficacy were quantified using a non-linear mixed-effects methodology.

Results

The model reproduced individual and cohort trends in tumor size dynamics for all considered treatment regimens and experiments. BSV and BAV were explained by variability in T cell-to-immunosuppressive cell (ISC) ratio; BSV was additionally driven by differences in intratumoral adenosine content across the syngeneic models. Model sensitivity analysis and model-based preclinical study simulations revealed therapeutic options enabling a potential increase in AZD4635-driven efficacy; e.g., adoptive cell transfer or treatments affecting adenosine-independent immunosuppressive pathways.

Conclusions

The proposed integrative modeling framework quantitatively characterized the mechanistic activity of AZD4635 and its potential added efficacy in therapy combinations, across various immune conditions prevailing in the TME. Such a model may enable further investigations, via simulations, of mechanisms of tumor resistance to treatment and of AZD4635 combination optimization strategies.
Case Report: Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia With Normal ADAMTS13 Activity
Authors: Osti Nicola , Beschin Greta , Goldin Marzia , Guidolin Lucia , Panero Enrico , Sartori Alice , Parisi Alice , Cantini Maurizio , Pizzolo Francesca , Olivieri Oliviero , Friso Simonetta
Published: March 2021

Thrombotic microangiopathies (TMAs) include a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by abnormalities in the vessel walls of arterioles and capillaries resulting in microvascular thrombosis that typically presents with a microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MAHA) and severe thrombocytopenia. We describe here the case of an 82-year-old woman, who came to our attention for a clinical condition consistent with thrombotic microangiopathy. Even if initially highly suggestive for a thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), the elevated ADAMTS13 activity together with the alteration of the main coagulation parameters (D-dimer elevation, fibrinogen consumption, slightly prolonged prothrombin time), induced us to consider several other diseases in the differential diagnostic process. The case evolved toward a suspected overlapped secondary hemophagocytic syndrome, though the hyperferritinemia was finally interpreted within the frame of a cytokine storm. After a complex diagnostic workup, the clinical and biochemical parameters guided us toward the diagnosis of a cancer-related microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (CR-MAHA) secondary to a relapsing breast cancer with multiple metastatic localizations. Prednisone 1 mg/kg body weight was started, and several units of fresh frozen plasma were infused, obtaining a good control of the hemolysis. No specific oncological therapies were, however, possible, due to the older age and the critically compromised general condition of the patient; therefore, after clinical stabilization, the patient was discharged for treatment in a palliative care Hospital.
A More Homogeneous Phenotype in Parkinson's Disease Related to R1441G Mutation in the LRRK2 Gene
Authors: Vinagre-Aragón Ana , Campo-Caballero David , Mondragón-Rezola Elisabet , Pardina-Vilella Lara , Hernandez Eguiazu Haizea , Gorostidi Ana , Croitoru Ioana , Bergareche Alberto , Ruiz-Martinez Javier
Published: March 2021

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by a great clinical heterogeneity. Nevertheless, the biological drivers of this heterogeneity have not been completely elucidated and are likely to be complex, arising from interactions between genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Despite this heterogeneity, the clinical patterns of monogenic forms of PD have usually maintained a good clinical correlation with each mutation once a sufficient number of patients have been studied. Mutations in LRRK2 are the most commonly known genetic cause of autosomal dominant PD known to date. Furthermore, recent genome-wide association studies have revealed variations in LRRK2 as significant risk factors also for the development of sporadic PD. The LRRK2-R1441G mutation is especially frequent in the population of Basque ascent based on a possible founder effect, being responsible for almost 50% of cases of familial PD in our region, with a high penetrance. Curiously, Lewy bodies, considered the neuropathological hallmark of PD, are absent in a significant subset of LRRK2-PD cases. Indeed, these cases appear to be associated with a less aggressive primarily pure motor phenotype. The aim of our research is to examine the clinical phenotype of R1441G-PD patients, more homogeneous when we compare it with sporadic PD patients or with patients carrying other LRRK2 mutations, and reflect on the value of the observed correlation in the genetic forms of PD. The clinical heterogeneity of PD leads us to think that there may be as many different diseases as the number of people affected. Undoubtedly, genetics constitutes a relevant key player, as it may significantly influence the phenotype, with differences according to the mutation within the same gene, and not only in familial PD but also in sporadic forms. Thus, extending our knowledge regarding genetic forms of PD implies an expansion of knowledge regarding sporadic forms, and this may be relevant due to the future therapeutic implications of all forms of PD.
Higher Masticatory Performance and Higher Number of Chewing Strokes Increase Retronasal Aroma
Authors: Okawa Jumpei , Hori Kazuhiro , Yoshimoto Tasuku , Salazar Simonne E. , Ono Takahiro
Published: March 2021

Mastication is a physiological process whereby food is comminuted and mixed with saliva to form a swallowable bolus; it is also the initial process for retronasal aroma that is released from foods to receptors in the nose. However, the influence of mastication state on retronasal aroma is poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between aroma concentration and factors related to mastication state. The study design was an analytical observational study. Twelve male volunteers (age, 26.5 ± 2.7 years) were recruited and divided into five and seven participants in the low and high masticatory performance groups, respectively. The stimulated salivary flow rate was measured while participants chewed paraffin wax. First, an odor sensor was placed in the nostril, and the aroma concentration was measured over time as participants chewed an orange-flavored gummy jelly standardized for masticatory performance assessment until swallowing; chewing strokes were counted to determine swallowing thresholds. Next, participants were instructed to chew the gummy jelly for a certain number of strokes (i.e., 50 or 100% of swallowing thresholds, as well as 30 strokes) and expectorate the jelly without swallowing. The surface area of comminuted jelly at 30 chewing strokes was defined as masticatory performance. Maximum and slope of aroma concentration, surface area, number of chewing strokes, and stimulated salivary flow rate were compared between low and high masticatory performance groups. Statistical significance was set at α = 0.05. At 30 chewing strokes, the maximum aroma concentration and the slope were significantly greater in the high masticatory performance group than in the low masticatory performance group. There was a positive correlation between the maximum aroma concentration and the number of chewing strokes with aroma release in both groups. No significant correlation was found between the maximum aroma concentration and the stimulated salivary flow rate. However, multiple regression analysis (with aroma concentration as a dependent variable) showed that the increase in surface area, the number of chewing strokes, and the stimulated salivary flow rate were significant explanatory variables. The results suggested that retronasal aroma was influenced by mastication state and salivary flow rate during chewing.