bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Expanded-multidimensional turnover intentions: scale development and validation
Authors: Ike Obinna Osita , Ugwu Lawrence Ejike , Enwereuzor Ibeawuchi K. , Eze Ifeanyichukwu Chukwudi , Omeje Obiageli , Okonkwo Ejike
Published: September 2023

Background

This study aims to provide researchers and practitioners with a more elaborate instrument to measure turnover intentions based on the planned behaviour theory model. The questionnaire assesses 5 distinct aspects of turnover intentions (i.e., subjective social status, organisational culture, personal orientation, expectations, and career growth).

Methods

In this cross-sectional study (comprise of 2 studies in one) a wave survey design was applied to a large diversity of workers drawn from the staff of universities, banks, hospitals, factories, and telecommunication companies. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was applied the identify the sub-dimensions and Cronbach’s alpha to assess the reliability of the first study. In the second study, for the Confirmatory factor analysis to establishing structural model of the dimensions.

Results

We demonstrate the reliability, factor structure, and validity evidence based on internal structure and relationship with other variables of the new measure among two samples (N1 = 622; N2 = 433). Twenty-five items with 5 factors were extracted to represent a broader perspective of turnover intention scale.

Conclusions

In total, the study indicates that the assessment can be used to reliably assess several major indicators of turnover intentions. Therefore, improved employees’ evaluations and reduced loss of valuable staff as a result of avoidable measures in considering the interests of workers.
High-resolution US of the facial vessels with new facial vein landmarks for reconstructive surgery and dermal injection
Authors: Pistoia Federico , Camerino Paola Lovino , Ioppi Alessandro , Picasso Riccardo , Zaottini Federico , Caprioli Simone , Mocellin Davide , Ascoli Alessandro , Pansecchi Michelle , Carobbio Andrea Luigi Camillo , Parrinello Giampiero , Marchi Filippo , Peretti Giorgio , Martinoli Carlo
Published: September 2023

Background

Accurate knowledge of vessel anatomy is essential in facial reconstructive surgery. The technological advances of ultrasound (US) equipment with the introduction of new high-resolution probes improved the evaluation of facial anatomical structures. Our study had these objectives: the primary objective was to identify new surgical landmarks for the facial vein and to verify their precision with US, the secondary objective was to evaluate the potential of high-resolution US examination in the study of both the facial artery and vein.

Methods

Two radiologists examined a prospective series of adult volunteers with a 22–8 MHz hockey-stick probe. Two predictive lines of the facial artery and vein with respective measurement points were defined. The distance between the facial vein and its predictive line (named mandibular-orbital line) was determined at each measurement point. The distance from the skin and the area of the two vessels were assessed at every established measurement point.

Results

Forty-one volunteers were examined. The median distance of the facial vein from its predictive line did not exceed 2 mm. The facial vein was visible at every measurement point in all volunteers on the right side, and in 40 volunteers on the left. The facial artery was visible at every measurement point in all volunteers on the right and in 37 volunteers on the left.

Conclusions

The facial vein demonstrated a constant course concerning the mandibular-orbital line, which seems a promising clinical and imaging-based method for its identification. High-resolution US is valuable in studying the facial artery and vein.

Relevance statement

High-resolution US is valuable for examining facial vessels and can be a useful tool for pre-operative assessment, especially when combined with the mandibular-orbital line, a new promising imaging and clinical technique to identify the facial vein.

Key points

• High-resolution US is valuable in studying the facial artery and vein.

• The facial vein demonstrated a constant course concerning its predictive mandibular-orbital line.

• The clinical application of the mandibular-orbital line could help reduce facial surgical and cosmetic procedure complications.

Graphical Abstract
Self-assembly of Peptide Amphiphiles with Alkyl Groups for siRNA Delivery
Authors: Hakim Taufik F N , Watanabe Kazunori , Fujimoto Shomu , Kitamatsu Mizuki , Ohtsuki Takashi
Published: September 2023

Based on the self-assembling amphiphilic peptide GAVILRR, we developed a peptide amphiphile bearing octanoyl and octaarginine groups that formed stable nanoparticles with siRNA delivery capabilities. The N-terminal addition of an octanoyl group reduced the particle size and polydispersity. The C-terminal polyarginine extension allowed the formation of nanoparticles with greater stability and smaller sizes with siRNA loading compared to those for the original and other variant peptides. The resulting peptide amphiphile PA8 effectively delivered siRNA into AsPC-1 pancreatic cancer cells.
Η χειρόγραφη παράδοση των ποιημάτων του Μανουήλ Φιλή
Authors: Μπέλτσεβα Ανίτα
Published: September 2023

Θέμα της διατριβής είναι η συγκέντρωση, η μελέτη και η ταξινόμηση της χειρόγραφης παράδοσης του έργου του Μανουήλ Φιλή, του παραγωγικότερου και σημαντικότερου ποιητή της Παλαιολόγειας εποχής. Η μελέτη αρθρώνεται σε επτά μέρη. Το πρώτο περιλαμβάνει σύντομη εισαγωγή στη ζωή του ποιητή, το έργο και τις εκδόσεις του. Στο δεύτερο κεφάλαιο παρατίθεται περιγραφή των γνωστών 228 κωδίκων που παραδίδουν ποιήματα του Φιλή, με παραπομπές στη σχετική βιβλιογραφία. Το τρίτο μέρος αποτελείται από μικρά επιμέρους κεφάλαια, αφιερωμένα σε ποιήματα, τα οποία δεν παραδίδονται καθόλου σε κάποια από τις αυτόνομες συλλογές ή που, ενώ παραδίδονται σε κάποια από αυτές, ξεχωρίζουν και αυτονομούνται σε άλλους κώδικες. Στο τέταρτο κεφάλαιο περιγράφονται τα βασικά γνωρίσματα των 25 μικρών συλλογών, που χρονολογούνται από τον 14ο έως τον 17ο αιώνα και, όταν είναι εφικτό, επισημαίνονται οι σχέσεις συγγένειας μεταξύ τους. Το πέμπτο κεφάλαιο περιλαμβάνει αναλυτική μελέτη των μεγάλων και αυτόνομων συλλογών (Α, Τ/1*, P, Vi, L, E), η οποία αφορά βασικές παλαιογραφικές και κωδικολογικές παρατηρήσεις, θεώρηση του περιεχομένου τους και της διάταξής του, αλλά και διατυπώσεις σχετικά με τη χρονολόγηση τους. Το έκτο μέρος είναι αφιερωμένο στην αξιολόγηση των αυτόνομων και κάποιων σημαντικών μικρών συλλογών, τη διερεύνηση των μεταξύ τους σχέσεων και τον διαχωρισμό τους σε τρεις οικογένειες: α, β και γ. Το έβδομο κεφάλαιο συνοψίζει τα συμπεράσματα της έρευνας. Η εργασία συνοδεύεται από Παράρτημα, το οποίο περιλαμβάνει μεταξύ άλλων κατάλογο όλων των ποιημάτων και πίνακες.
Does the merger improve the operating performance of the company? Evidence from the beverage industry in India
Authors: Mahamuni Pravin Narayan , Parkhi Shilpa , Sunder Raju Ganesh , Karande Kiran , Gadzo Samuel Gameli , Singh Premendra Kumar
Published: September 2023

Background: There is fierce market competition both locally and globally. Every organisation seeks to maintain itself and, more crucially, to develop quickly through inorganic means. The expansion of a company through mergers and acquisitions is an inorganic process. Organic growth takes a very long period and is time-bound, but inorganic growth through mergers may be achieved quickly. This research aimed to determine whether the operating results of Indian beverage firms have improved after the merger or not.

Methods: In order to assess merger-related advantages to the acquiring firms, this study used the operating performance technique, which contrasts the pre-merger and post-merger performance of corporations using accounting data. Secondary data were used to carry out this study. The operating performance was assessed on six operating parameters (ratios) i.e. Operating Profit Margin, Gross and Net Profit Margin, Debt-Equity, Return on Net Worth and Capital Employed. The comparison was done for three years pre and post-merger period of these operating ratios.

Results: The findings demonstrate that mergers do not seek to increase owner wealth. This finding shows that rather than just becoming larger and achieving covert goals, managers should pay more attention to post-merger integration challenges in order to produce merger-induced synergies.

Conclusion: This study shows that the M&As have not had a good effect on a company's operating performance, especially for the chosen beverage companies in India. Since financial measures cannot fully account for the influence of mergers on business performance, future research may create other metrics for merger-related gains. Research that provides profound insights into the causes and trends of post-merger business performance through the different types of mergers and industries would also be beneficial.
Towards the definition of metrics for the assessment of operational design domains
Authors: Kaiser Bernhard , Weber Hendrik , Hiller Johannes , Engel Benjamin
Published: September 2023

Background: The Operational Design Domain (ODD) of an automated driving function defines on which roads and under

which environmental conditions the function is safe to operate. It plays an important role in definition, safety analysis and

validation of automated driving. In many cases, users want to determine metrics about ODDs, or about ODDs in combination

with other work products, like collections of validation scenarios. Such metrics could answer questions such as what percentage

of the road network of a given region is inside the ODD. While language formats to specify ODDs have emerged over the last

few years, a solid methodology on how to calculate different sorts of metrics is still on the roadmap for the future.

Methods: This contribution suggests metrics for ODDs that are mathematically built upon a notion of ontologies, and ODDs

as multi-dimensional cross-products of sets, using standard arithmetic and set operations. To illustrate the idea, a couple of

possible metrics for ODDs are derived as examples and discussed in the light of some real-world use cases.

Results: To illustrate the application of a ODD metric, we apply an analysis of a sample trip and calculate the theoretical

availability of variants of an automated driving system with different ODDs.

Conclusions: The metrics presented and the shown sample application present an important next step in discussions around

ODDs of Automated Driving Systems. They make it possible to not only consider an ODD specification as a reference for a

single system, but allow comparing systems with different ODDs, judging the maturity of a system with a certain ODD, or

provide indicators how usable a system is within a real-word application
Ways of improving dental structures from metal-free ceramics. Literature review
Authors: Nebogatov S. , Chulak L.
Published: September 2023

Over the last 10 years, the use of zirconium dioxide ceramics as a framework material for the manufacture of microprostheses, single crowns and small bridges has increased. Their use in dental practice became possible with the help of CAD/CAM technologies. Clinical studies of ceramic restorations based on zirconium dioxide showed promising clinical results and high survival rates. However, chipping and fragility of ceramic masses layered on frameworks made of zirconium dioxide remains an actual and urgent problem of modern orthopedic dentistry.

In modern global dental practice, layer-by-layer veneering on refractory models, CAD/CAM technology, and hot pressing techniques are used to achieve such results.

In modern dentistry, the IRS e.max Press technologies occupy a rather significant place due to the simplicity and manufacturability of the process, but their use is restrained by the fear of orthopedists-dentists related to the fragility of metal-free structures and the complexity of clinical stages. Therefore, most often in case of destruction of the crown part of the tooth, metal hip inserts are used, the manufacturing technology of which continues to be improved.

That is why in modern orthopedic dentistry, the problem of improving the quality of restoration of the frontal group of teeth by improving and approving the technology of pressed ceramics is urgent.
Development and psychometric properties of an environmental literacy in secondary school.
Authors: Mujib Mujib , Mardiyah Mardiyah , Suherman Suherman
Published: September 2023

Concurrently, the amount of research dedicated to mitigating the effects of environmental issues is increasing. Environmental Education has emerged as one of the most promising research fields in preventing and addressing environmental problems. Nevertheless, it is important to note that environmental literacy is not limited by age, education level, or occupation, particularly in the Indonesian context. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of an environmental literacy questionnaire for secondary school students. The sample consisted of 1,021 students from both public and private schools in Indonesia, ranging from grades 7-9. A three-factor model, including environmental consciousness, environmental anxiety, and environmental awareness, was validated using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Model fit was assessed using a variety of fit indices, such as the chi-squared test, comparative fit index (CFI), Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI), Good-Fit Index (GFI), root mean square approximation error (RMSEA), standardized root mean square residual (SRMR), and KMO index. Cronbach Alpha and McDonald's Omega were used to evaluate the reliability of the three factors, with values ranging from 0.66 to 0.78 and 0.68 to 0.79, respectively. The results indicate that the environmental literacy questionnaire is a reliable and valid tool for assessing the environmental literacy of secondary school students in the Indonesian context.
Textisms and textese: A systematic review.
Authors: Fernández Juliá Olga , Gómez-Camacho Alejandro
Published: September 2023

The aim of this article is to find out what scientific production exists on digital communication and the use of textisms between 2009 and 2022, which will allow us to identify which are the lines of research most worked on in this field, as well as to find the current state of the question. To this end, the systematic review methodology PRISMA (2021) has been used. After conducting the search and applying the exclusion criteria, a total of 62 articles were finally obtained from two databases: Web of Science and Scopus, after which the results were analysed. First, a quantitative analysis was carried out to find out how the published works were distributed in the selected years, in which journals they appeared the most frequently and to which countries and universities the authors with the most publications on the subject belonged. Second, a qualitative analysis has been carried out on the thematic lines they deal with and possible future lines of research. The results show a great disparity between the different articles, especially those dealing with the relationship between literacy and the use of textisms, which in turn show discrepancies in their conclusions on the relationship between the two variables.
Mobil Uzaktan Eğitim Yöntemiyle Müziksel İşitme Okuma Yazma Ders Dışı Çalışma Süreçlerinin Düzenlenmesine İlişkin Öğrenci Deneyimlerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: KARAHAN Ahmet Suat
Published: September 2023

Son yıllarda teknolojide yaşanan devrim niteliğindeki gelişmeler tablet bilgisayarların ve akıllı cep telefonlarının çok çeşitli amaçlarla kullanımını sağlamıştır. Mobil cihazların eğitim-öğretim amacıyla kullanılması yani “Mobil Uzaktan Eğitim” ise giderek yaygınlaşan bir yöntem olarak dikkat çekmektedir. Yöntemin zaman ve mekâna bağlı sınırları neredeyse tamamen yok etmesi ve hareket özgürlüğü sağlaması eğitim-öğretim sürecine büyük bir esneklik katmaktadır. Bu sebeple yöntemin müzik eğitimi sürecine katkıları ve öğrencilere yaşadığı öğrenme ortamı ve deneyiminin belirlenmesi araştırılmaya değer bir konu olarak görülmüştür.

Araştırmanın amacı öğrencilerin Müziksel İşitme Okuma Yazma (MİOY) ders dışı çalışma süreç ve içeriklerini mobil uzaktan eğitim yöntemiyle düzenlemek ve bu yönteme ilişkin öğrencilerin deneyimlerini belirlemektir. Araştırmada öğrencilerin ders dışı çalışma süreçlerinin oldukça yetersiz olduğu MİOY dersi tercih edilmiştir.

Betimsel yöntemin tercih edildiği araştırma sonucunda, Mobil uzaktan eğitim yöntemiyle öğrencilerin çalışma gün sayılarının ortalama 2 gün arttığı, günlük çalışma sürelerinin ortalama 20 dakika arttığı, çalışma süreçlerinin 08:00-03:59 gibi çok geniş bir saat aralığına yayıldığı, çalışmaların mekân kısıtlaması olmadan yapılabildikleri, yönünde deneyimleri belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca geleneksel yöntemle kıyaslandığında Mobil Uzaktan Eğitim Yöntemiyle öğrencilerin uygulamamlı aralık-akor tartım diktesi ve ezgi diktesi çalışmalarını daha etkin yaptıkları yönündeki deneyimleri tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında ulaşılan sonuçlar, Mobil uzaktan eğitimi yöntemiyle öğrencilerin MİOY ders dışı çalışma süreçlerinin başarıyla düzenlenebildiğini ve öğrencilerin yöntemi etkin olarak kullanabildiklerini göstermektedir.
Spatial distribution of benthic habitats in Kapota Atoll (Wakatobi National Park, Indonesia) using remote sensing imagery
Authors: HAMUNA BAIGO , PUJIYATI SRI , GAOL JONSON LUMBAN , HESTIRIANOTO TOTOK
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Hamuna B, Pujiyati S, Gaol JL, Hestirianoto T. 2023. Spatial distribution of benthic habitats in Kapota Atoll (Wakatobi National Park, Indonesia) using remote sensing imagery. Biodiversitas 24: 3700-3707. This study aims to classify and map benthic habitats in Kapota Atoll, Wakatobi National Park, using Sentinel-2A satellite imagery, that has undergone both atmospheric and geometric corrections. Sentinel-2A satellite imagery was processed using pixel-based classification method. This study used two machine learning algorithms: support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF). This study used nine classified benthic habitat classes, namely five homogeneous benthic classes (sand, live coral, dead coral, rubble, and dense seagrass) and four mixed benthic classes (mixed rubble and sand, mixed sand and rare seagrass, mixed medium seagrass and sand, and a mixture of rubble, dead coral, and seagrass). The RF algorithm produced benthic habitat maps with a higher overall accuracy than the SVM algorithm, which was 65.31% and 63.51%, respectively. These accuracy values have met the standards of accuracy for mapping benthic habitats that apply in Indonesia. The SVM algorithm classification results showed that the benthic habitat of the mixed class of medium seagrass and sand was more dominant than other benthic habitat classes. In contrast, the RF algorithm showed the class dense seagrass was more dominant. The selection of the appropriate algorithm for processing satellite imagery was found to be a significant factor in producing an accurate benthic habitat map.
Diet analyses of the pelagic thresher shark, Alopias pelagicus (Lamniformes: Alopiidae), from the Lombok Strait waters, Indonesia
Authors: ALGHOZALI FAQIH AKBAR , SALSABILA RAHVANIA , GUSTIANTO MUHAMMAD WIRALAGA DWI , PUTRI HANIFA MIRANDA IFETPATRIANI HARYO , HIMAWAN MAHARDIKA RIZQI , YUNENI RANNY RAMADHANI , HATMORO CAHYANI KRISNA , REZKIANI MARETRA
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Alghozali FA, Salsabila R, Gustianto MWD, Putri HMIH, Himawan MR, Yuneni RR, Hatmoro CK, Rezkiani M. 2023. Diet analyses of the pelagic thresher shark, Alopias pelagicus (Lamniformes: Alopiidae), from the Lombok Strait waters, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 3708-3714. The pelagic thresher shark, Alopias pelagicus, is an endangered shark species estimated to be declining in the Pacific and Indian Oceans because of overexploitation, including from target fisheries and bycatch. Despite its importance in providing better information for species management, the ecological aspects of this species are still rarely studied. This study aims to provide information on the feeding ecology of the pelagic thresher sharks from the Lombok Strait. Stomach samples from 178 specimens were sampled from 2020-2021, and 149 stomachs that contained food contents were analyzed for species diet characterization. Prey Species Accumulation Curve slope values are <0.1 and the percentage of prey coverage for all sharks combined is 92.1%, suggesting reliable inventory in the number of prey represented. The resulting diet indexes suggest that A. pelagicus in Lombok Strait waters is a specialist predator (Ba=0.3) with few prey variations (H=2.21) and no competition between sexes and maturity stages of the species (C=0.64 and 0.81, respectively). The top three prey species found for A. pelagicus in the study area are the Auxis thazard (85.8 %IRI), Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis (8.5 %IRI), and Dasyscopelus spinosus (1.11 %IRI). A better understanding of the overlap of A. pelagicus and its diet, which includes economic fish commodities, will inform authorities to develop better fisheries and conservation management for the species in Indonesia.
Natural regeneration of Alstonia spectabilis in small-scale privately-owned forest in Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: WARDANI BELGIS RAFFLESIA PUTRI , ATMANTO WINASTUTI DWI , WIDIYATNO WIDIYATNO , ROMADINI NESTY PRATIWI
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Wardani BRP, Atmanto WD, Widiyatno, Romadini NP. 2023. Natural regeneration of Alstonia spectabilisin small-scale privately-owned forest in Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 3723-3734. Alstonia spectabilisis a species that serves as an indicator of the dry deciduous forest type and has the potential to be utilized commercially or to support conservation programs. The development pattern, specifically in small-scale privately-owned forest (SSPF) in Gunungkidul, still relies on natural regeneration. The differences in management between agricultural (tegalan) and forested land (wana) affect the abundance and characteristics of A. spectabilis natural regeneration. Due to its great potential to be developed in the future, information on the abundance and natural regenerationin SSPF is needed. This study was conducted by creating observation plots in tegalan and wanain Sidoharjo Village, using uniform systematic sampling with a random start method and a sampling intensity of 10%. This study aimed to determine the density and diversity of tree stand as well as the distribution pattern of A. spectabilis natural regeneration. A total of 13 nested sampling plots (0.52 ha in total size) were made to observe seedlings, saplings, pole, and tree in each study area. The number and characteristics of natural regeneration were shown to be impacted by management differences between tegalan and wana. Wana had a high canopy closure of 91%, compared to 72% for tegalan. Additionally, the greater density value of 9423 ind. ha-1in wana compared to tegalan, which had 1154 ind. ha-1 at all growth levels with a random distribution pattern, showed a stronger potential for A. spectabilis for natural regeneration. The findings indicated that wana has a greater potential for seed sources with favorable environmental conditions for the survival of A. spectabilis natural regeneration.
Morphological parameters, heritability, yield component correlation, and multivariate analysis to determine secondary characters in selecting hybrid maize
Authors: FADHLI NUR , FARID MUH , AZRAI MUHAMMAD , NUR AMIN , EFENDI ROY , PRIYANTO SLAMET BAMBANG , NASRUDDIN ANDI DIRHAM , NOVIANTI FIRA
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Fadhli N, Farid M, Azrai M, Nur A, Effendi R, Priyanto SB, Nasruddin AD, Novianti F. 2023. Morphological parameters, heritability, yield component correlation, and multivariate analysis to determine secondary characters in selecting hybrid maize. Biodiversitas 24: 3750-3757. Direct selection for grain yield traits in maize (Zea mays L.) is often inefficient under specific conditions, necessitating the accurate determination of secondary traits to facilitate implementation and enhance selection precision. This study aimed to examine the morphological parameters, heritability, yield component correlations, and multivariate analysis of hybrid maize for determining potential secondary traits through indirect selection. The experimental design employed a randomized complete block design (RCBD) comprising 17 genotypes, including 15 hybrid maize lines and 2 hybrid maize varieties (RK 457 and RK 57). The results revealed that weight of harvested cob character and yield traits demonstrated significant correlations with production. Correlation values were further analyzed using biplot analysis and path analysis to identify potential secondary traits. The principal component biplot analysis results indicated four characters as effective secondary traits for selection, namely weight of harvested cob, yield, weight of 1000 seeds, and moisture content. MSM53/BCY as a parent of JHD 05 displayed superior performance compared to the two commercial hybrid varieties. Based on path analysis results, the weight of harvested cob character exhibited the highest direct effect on production with a value of 0.93, indicating that weight of harvested cob is the best secondary trait for selection.
Genetic relationships and genome verification of Thai banana cultivars using Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers
Authors: BOONSRANGSOM THANITA , FUENGHOI CHATTHIDAPHON , PREMJET DUANGPORN , SUVITTAWAT KUNLAYANEE , RATANASUT KUMROP , SUJIPULI KAWEE
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Boonsrangsom T, Fuenghoi C, Premjet D, Suvittawat K, Ratanasut K, Sujipuli K. 2023. Genetic relationships and genome verification of Thai banana cultivars using Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Biodiversitas 24: 3758-3765. Edible bananas and plantains, belonging to the family Musaceae, genus Musa, represent one of the most important fruit crops, with an annual production of more than 65 million tons worldwide. Bananas have several hybrid variations since they are descended from the two species Musa acuminata Colla (AA genome) and Musa balbisiana Colla (BB genome). Different morphological traits divide almost hybrid bananas into various genomic groupings. Banana genome categorization and identification, however, have always been challenging issues. This study aimed to assess the genetic relationships and verify the genomes of Thai banana cultivars using random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Using the 15 selected RAPD markers, 149 RAPD bands were found, with sizes ranging from 0.2 to 3.2 kb, and 88.6% were polymorphic. Polymorphic information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.18 to 0.42, averaging 0.30. Based on the Jaccard coefficient, the unweighted pair-group method arithmetic average (UPGMA) analysis showed that the banana samples had a similarity range of 0.27 to 1.00 with a mean of 0.56, demonstrating an abundance of viability across six banana genomes. The dendrogram generated from RAPD data revealed that all 18 Musa samples could be divided into two main groups (Group I and II). Three additional subgroups were created for each primary group (A, B, and C). The accurate identification and genetic data on the available genetic resources for bananas will be beneficial for breeding and conservation programs.
Comparative of the complete chloroplast genome and RNA editing of Eucalyptus camaldulensis T5 clone, an elite variety in Thailand
Authors: RACHARAK PHRUET , SUTTANGKAKUL ANONGPAT , VUTTIPONGCHAIKIJ SUPACHAI
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Racharak P, Suttangkakul A, Vuttipongchaikij S. 2023. Comparative of the complete chloroplast genome and RNA editing of Eucalyptus camaldulensis T5 clone, an elite variety in Thailand. Biodiversitas24: 3774-3784. Eucalyptus camaldulensis, T5 clone, the excellent fast-growing tree plantation in Thailand, was analyzed for the complete chloroplast genome and RNA editing. The complete chloroplast genome revealed a total genome size of 160,204 bp that divided into a large single copy (LSC) (88,904 bp) and a small single copy region (SSC) (18,506 bp) by inverted repeat regions (IR) containing 26,397 bp. A circular mapping genome and gene order showed the circle antiparallel mapping gene of 135 genes, including 37 tRNAs, 10 rRNAs, and 1 pseudogene. GC content of the genome was 36.87%. The comparative genomes analysis between the T5 clone and E. camaldulensis from the NCBI database suggested that the thymine (T) and adenine (A) strongly impacted the indel and transversion process, which could be a point of mutation in the genome. Furthermore, 24 specific genes were used to investigate RNA editing. From all genes, only 11 genes were edited with C to U conversion.Triplet codons, tUA, tUt, tUg and Ugg were the most frequently edited codon and expressions; the crucial influence of amino acid alterations. Due to RNA editing events, the physicochemical properties of amino acids were changed from polar to nonpolar amino acids and from hydrophilic to hydrophobic amino acids. Physicochemical properties conversion is necessary to form complete amino acid sequences for several essential chloroplast proteins. The event might be the accumulation of amino acid alterations causing phenotypic variation for plant adaptation and evolution.
Distribution and biodegradation analysis of polyvinyl chloride microplastic by indigenous bacteria isolated from Supit Urang Landfill, Malang, Indonesia
Authors: ROZANA KENNIS , PRABANINGTYAS SITORESMI , WIDYATAMA DIMAS RICKO
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Rozana K, Prabaningtyas S, Widyatama DR. 2023. Distribution and biodegradation analysis of polyvinyl chloride microplastic by indigenous bacteria isolated from Supit Urang Landfill, Malang, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 3853-3859. Microplastic waste is one of the most common forms of environmental pollution. Indonesia is the world's fourth largest contributor of plastic waste. One type of plastic that accumulates in the environment is Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC). Various attempts or methods have been developed to reduce PVC plastic waste, one of which is with the help of using indigenous bacteria. This research is essential in determining the best optimization method for PVC biodegradation agents through molecular and bioinformatic approaches. Indigenous bacteria were isolated from Supit Urang Landfill, Malang City, with three dilution levels (10-4, 10-5, and 10-6). The three highest isolates were taken for further biodegradation tests for 30 days and were identified based on the 16S rRNA gene. Then, the BLAST results were made into a phylogenetic tree to determine the kinship of each species. The isolation results obtained 17 bacterial isolates, selected by initial biodegradation screening for 10 days. Isolate K4 has a degradation percentage of 1.61±0.007379%. While isolates K4 and K15 have a biodegradation potential of 3.04±0.001861%. and 1.90±0.005576%. The BLAST results showed that K4 isolate had a 99% similarity to Staphylococcus capitis, K14 had a 99% similarity to Bacillus subtilis, and K15 had a 100% similarity to Acinetobacter pittii.
Ethnobotany of spring waters based on species toponymy on the east slope of Mount Ijen, Banyuwangi District, Indonesia
Authors: NAJIH RIYAN RIYADLUN , BATORO JATI , HAKIM LUCHMAN
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Najih RR, Batoro J, Hakim L. 2023. Ethnobotany of spring waters based on species toponymy on the east slope of Mount Ijen, Banyuwangi District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 3860-3871. Some spring waters in Banyuwangi are unique in terms of toponymy (place name), where local communities give names to springs based on plant species around the springs. This research aimed to (i) understand the names of the plants used as the design names for the springs, (ii) understand the plants in the offerings of the springs and (iii) explain the use of plants around the springs on the East Ijen Slopes, Banyuwangi District, Indonesia. A field study was conducted on the slopes of Mount Ijen. Research data were obtained from 50 informants through semi-structured interviews. This study used descriptive analysis and Relative Frequency of Citations (RFC). There were five toponymy species of springs, namely Pangium edule Reinw, Planchonia valida (Blume) Blume, Terminalia sp., Ganophyllum falcatum Blume, and Garcinia tetranda Pierre. Offerings dishes of springs were Pecel Pitik, Tajin Suro, Tajin Jenang Limo, and Tumpeng Serakat. There are 43 species of plants around the springs within 21 families. Plants with the highest RFC values were Gigantochloa apus (Schult. f.) Kurz ex Munro (0.62), followed by Ficus benjamina L. (0.4) and S. mahagoni (L.) Jacq (0.32). In terms of utilization, the toponymy species did not have the highest RFC value. Species with low RFC values have a greater possibility of extinction than other species.
Evaluation of nutritive values of various non-conventional protein sources as potential feed ingredients for ruminants
Authors: SAMADI SAMADI , WAJIZAH SITTI , PRATAMA SAID MIRZA , JAYANEGARA ANURAGA
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Samadi, Wajizah S, Pratama SM, Jayanegara A. 2023. Evaluation of nutritive values of various non-conventional protein sources as potential feed ingredients for ruminants. Biodiversitas 24: 4069-4078. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nutritive values of various non-conventional protein sources as potential ingredients for ruminants, including chemical composition, in vitro digestibility, rumen fermentation, and methane emissions. Seven various non-conventional protein sources; grasshopper meal (GM), earthworm meal (EWM), fish by-product meal (FbPM), centipede meal (CM), snail meal (SM), ant eggs meal (AEM), mealworm meal (MWM) and one conventional protein source; soybean meal (SBM) were used in this study. All samples were dried at the temperature of 60oC for 24h and ground by the use of a hammer mill to pass a 1 mm sieve. The ground samples were utilized for further analysis, including chemical composition, in vitro digestibility, rumen fermentation, and methane emissions. Incubation was conducted with three replications in the water bath and temperature was maintained at 39ºC for 48h. All data were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 16 and the difference between treatments was stated (P<0.05). The results of the study indicated that all the samples contained various CP. The NDICP and ADICP in samples were low. All samples had high IVDMD and IVOMD, the highest in FbPM (P<0.01). Methane emission of the samples was lower than SBM (P<0.01).
Diversity of wild edible fruits in the agroforestry area of Cigalontang Village, Tasikmalaya, Indonesia
Authors: KULSUM NENDEN NUR SAYYIDAH , SUSANDARINI RATNA
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Kulsum NNS, Susandarini R. 2023. Diversity of wild edible fruits in the agroforestry area of Cigalontang Village, Tasikmalaya, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 4161-4167. Wild edible fruits are non-timber forest products that support the nutritional adequacy of communities around the forest. Scientific inventory and documentation of wild fruit plant diversity are important to reveal local resources' potential in supporting local communities food security. A study on wild edible fruits in the agroforestry area in Cigalontang Village aimed to document the diversity of fruit plant species and traditional knowledge of the community on food plants available from the forest. This study used semi-structured interviews with 63 respondents and guided fieldwork to identify natural habitats and collect specimens of wild edible fruits. The results showed that people of Cigalontang Village commonly consumed 49 wild edible fruit species belonging to 27 families. Zingiberaceae and Moraceae were two families with the highest number of wild edible fruit species mentioned by the respondents. All the fruits were consumed raw as fresh fruits, and some were known as ingredients for traditional medicine to treat minor health complaints. The community discussed the use of wild edible fruits with a review of the nutritional content based on relevant references. Results showed that the community used wild edible fruits for daily nutritional needs, not for sale. Both older and younger generations shared knowledge about the diversity of wild edible fruit plants and were closely related to local traditions kept within the frame of local wisdom. This knowledge, supported by local wisdom held by the community, is important to maintain the sustainability of fruit plant diversity and its conservation.
Molecular detection of Babesia infection in cattle in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: NUGRAHENI YUDHI RATNA , ARIYADI BAMBANG , ROCHMADIYANTO ROCHMADIYANTO , KESUMANINGRUM NINING , IMRAN KUSWARI , KARTIKO BAYU PRIYO , FARHANI NUR ROHMI , NURANI SUCI , SAHARA ANA , AWALUDIN AAN
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Nugraheni YR, Ariyadi B, Rochmadiyanto, Kesumaningrum N, Imran K, Kartiko BP, Farhani NR, Nurani S, Sahara A, Awaludin A. 2023. Molecular detection of Babesia infection in cattle in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 4192-4198. Babesiosis is a tick-borne disease caused by hemoprotozoa that poses a significant threat to livestock production worldwide, including in Indonesia. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and molecular characterization of Babesia sp., the causative agent of babesiosis, in cattle from multiple regions in Central Java, Indonesia. The disease has had substantial negative economic impacts, highlighting the need for accurate prevalence data and effective disease control measures. A total of 13 blood samples were collected from cattle exhibiting symptoms of hematuria and babesiosis. The samples were obtained from smallholder farmers who reported these cases to local veterinarians in various regions of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The farmers were selected based on their proximity to veterinary clinics and willingness to participate in the study. Upon sample collection, each blood sample was subjected to microscopic examination using Giemsa-stained blood smears. The examination aimed to identify the presence of Babesia parasites within the red blood cells. Positive samples, indicating the presence of Babesia infection, were further analyzed by molecular assay. Molecular tests were performed using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to detect the DNA of Babesia sp. Two specific genes were targeted: cytochrome b oxidase (cytb) and 18S small subunit ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA). PCR amplification was carried out following established protocols, and the resulting products were visualized using gel electrophoresis to confirm the presence of Babesia DNA. Statistical analysis was conducted to compare the sensitivity and efficacy of the two PCR methods (cytb and 18S rRNA). The data obtained from this study contributes to our understanding of the occurrence of babesiosis in Central Java's cattle population. The findings underscore the need for comprehensive babesiosis disease surveys to obtain accurate prevalence estimates and facilitate the development of effective disease control strategies. Moreover, the more sensitive amplification targeting the cytb gene holds promise for improved diagnostic and surveillance efforts. These insights are crucial for combating babesiosis and mitigating its economic impact on livestock production.
Impact of protein source from legume forages on lipid regulation and growth on native ram lambs reared extensively in the south coast of West Java, Indonesia
Authors: TANUWIRIA UJANG HIDAYAT , MUSHAWWIR ANDI , ZAIN MARDIATI , DESPAL DESPAL
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Tanuwiria UH, Mushawwir A, Zain M, Despal D. 2023. Impact of protein source from legume forages on lipid regulation and growth on native ram lambs reared extensively in the south coast of West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 4183-4192. This investigation was carried out in three different locations to examine the impact of legume forage as a protein source on lipid regulation and growth. This study used 120 rams, consisting of 40 rams in each location (Garut, Cianjur, Sukabumi) spread along the South Coast of West Java. Physical environmental conditions were recorded during the study. Ram lambs at each location were divided into four groups; one group only received a basal diet (Setaria/Setaria sphacelata), and the other three groups were each given additional legumes (calliandra/Calliandra calothyrsus, lamtoro/Leucaena leucocephala, and moringa/Moringa oleifera). Blood samples were collected every two weeks during the 16 weeks experiment. The blood sampling was handled based on standard procedures to prevent sample damage, and the body weight was measured every two weeks. Sample analysis related to lipid regulation and creatine kinase activity was measured using spectrophotometric techniques according to the instructions of the Kit Randox protocol and analysis of blood plasma fatty acids were analyzed by gas chromatography. The research results show that legumes as a protein source can regulate through molecular signaling to decrease lipid levels, saturated fatty acids, and lipid transport in the extracellular fluid, but increase unsaturated fatty acid and the growth rate of ram lambs. Based on the results of the current study, it can be a strong basis for the development of nutrigenomic aspects of protein for small ruminants, accompanied by studies of the ages of different ruminant samples.
Access to help in intimate partner violence: systematic narrative review
Authors: Baikady Rajendra , Przeperski Jarosław , Scott Rebecca , Taylor Brian J.
Published: September 2023

Intimate partner violence is a global problem experienced by all population groups, irrespective of socio-economic, religious and cultural background, and including both women and men. This systematic narrative review synthesises empirical research to draw conclusions on facilitators of, and barriers to, accessing help for victims of intimate partner violence. A search in Scopus, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Medline and PsycInfo conducted in October 2021 identified 864 articles that were independently reviewed to yield 47 relevant studies published between 2011 and 2021 in peer-reviewed journals. The included studies were synthesised using the following headings: (1) personal aspects; (2) family and friends; (3) community factors; (4) referral channels; (5) financial aspects; and (6) service issues. The severity of injury seemed to be a key factor in deciding to seek help. Family and friends were helpful to victims who were looking for support with their relationship and as a support on their journey towards services. A third key finding was that health and care systems are important referral channels for intimate partner violence services. As supports in intimate partner violence develop, consideration is required not only of the trauma of the victim but also how to communicate and facilitate access to help.
Mate selection: A useful approach to maximize genetic gain and control inbreeding in genomic and conventional oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) hybrid breeding
Authors: Tchounke Billy , Sanchez Leopoldo , Bell Joseph Martin , Cros David
Published: September 2023

Genomic selection (GS) is an effective method for the genetic improvement of complex traits in plants and animals. Optimization approaches could be used in conjunction with GS to further increase its efficiency and to limit inbreeding, which can increase faster with GS. Mate selection (MS) typically uses a metaheuristic optimization algorithm, simulated annealing, to optimize the selection of individuals and their matings. However, in species with long breeding cycles, this cannot be studied empirically. Here, we investigated this aspect with forward genetic simulations on a high-performance computing cluster and massively parallel computing, considering the oil palm hybrid breeding example. We compared MS and simple methods of inbreeding management (limitation of the number of individuals selected per family, prohibition of self-fertilization and combination of these two methods), in terms of parental inbreeding and genetic progress over four generations of genomic selection and phenotypic selection. The results showed that, compared to the conventional method without optimization, MS could lead to significant decreases in inbreeding and increases in annual genetic progress, with the magnitude of the effect depending on MS parameters and breeding scenarios. The optimal solution retained by MS differed by five breeding characteristics from the conventional solution: selected individuals covering a broader range of genetic values, fewer individuals selected per full-sib family, decreased percentage of selfings, selfings preferentially made on the best individuals and unbalanced number of crosses among selected individuals, with the better an individual, the higher the number of times he is mated. Stronger slowing-down in inbreeding could be achieved with other methods but they were associated with a decreased genetic progress. We recommend that breeders use MS, with preliminary analyses to identify the proper parameters to reach the goals of the breeding program in terms of inbreeding and genetic gain.
High school science fair: School location trends in student participation and experience
Authors: Grinnell Frederick , Dalley Simon , Reisch Joan
Published: September 2023

The findings reported in this paper are based on surveys of U.S. high school students who registered and managed their science and engineering fair (SEF) projects through the online Scienteer website over the three years 2019/20, 2020/21, and 2021/22. Almost 2500 students completed surveys after finishing all their SEF competitions. We added a new question in 2019/20 to our on-going surveys asking the students whether their high school location was urban, suburban, or rural. We learned that overall, 74% of students participating in SEFs indicated that they were from suburban schools. Unexpectedly, very few SEF participants, less than 4%, indicated that they were from rural schools, even though national data show that more than 20% of high school students attend rural schools. Consistent with previous findings, Asian and Hispanic students indicated more successful SEF outcomes than Black and White students. However, whereas Asian students had the highest percentage of SEF participants from suburban vs. urban schools– 81% vs. 18%, Hispanic students had the most balanced representation of participants from suburban vs. urban schools– 55% vs. 39%. Differences in students’ SEF experiences based on gender and ethnicity showed the same patterns regardless of school location. In the few items where we observed statistically significant (probability < .05) differences based on school location, students from suburban schools were marginally favored by only a few percentage points compared to students from urban schools. In conclusion, based on our surveys results most students participating in SEFs come from suburban schools, but students participating in SEFs and coming from urban schools have equivalent SEF experiences, and very few students participating in SEFs come from rural schools.