bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Daya Saing dan Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Ekspor Lada Indonesia ke India
Authors:   Program Studi Agribisnis Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Trunojoyo Madura, Wardani Vika , Sunyigono Andrie
Published: December 2021

Pepper is one of the export commodities that contributes significantly to the Indonesian economy. Indonesian pepper exports have fluctuated in destinations such as India, which is included in the world's largest pepper importer country. The study aims to analyze competitiveness (comparative advantage) and factors affecting Indonesian exports to India in pepper commodities. Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and Multiple Linear Regression are analysis methods in research. The results showed that Indonesian pepper has strong competitiveness in the Indian market. Volume of Indonesian pepper exports to India has significant effect were the exchange rate of the rupiah against the US dollar and the value of RCA, while the national pepper production, the price of Indonesian pepper exports, and Indian consumption did not have a significant effect.
Pengaruh Tipe Petani dan Ekspektasi Harga dalam Sertifikasi Kelapa Sawit
Authors:   Balai TN Siberut, Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan, Utami Indah , Halimatussadiah Alin
Published: December 2021

Certification is a compliance in implementing Best Management Practice (BMP) in oil palm plantation businesses. Participation in certification is influenced by several factors, including socio-economic, demographic, environmental, political and other factors. This study to see the effect of farmer types (independent and scheme farmers) and higher price expectations in implementing oil palm certification. Other determinants also studied included income, education, age, pesticide use, farming experience, and location. Through OLS regression analysis, it is known that the farmer types, higher price expectations, income, pesticide use, farming experience, and location are factors that influence the area of certified oil palm plantations.
Strategi Bersaing Pedagang Pasar Tradisional Flamboyan Menghadapi Pasar Modern di Kota Pontianak
Authors:   Program Studi Agribisnis, Universitas Tanjugpura Pontianak, Asih Tri , Kurniati Dewi , Oktoriana Shenny
Published: December 2021

The development of modern markets in Pontianak City is very rapid which can certainly have an impact on traditional markets. The existence of a modern market will affect the pattern or behavior of consumers, so that consumers often choose to shop at the modern market. This condition is a threat to traditional market traders, so tradional market traders need a special strategy in retaining their consumers. This study aims to formulate a competitive market strategy to deal with modern markets in Pontianak. The method used is descriptive method and analyzed using SWOT. Data collection uses questionnaire instruments for consumers, traders and several key informants. The results show that the competitive strategy of traditional flamboyant market traders to face modern markets in the city of Pontianak is to use SO strategies, by providing good service to customers, increasing sales of people's basic needs, offering products at low prices with the hallmark of bargaining culture, increasing small economy and loves local products. Efforts that can be given are for traders to maintain facilities and infrastructure in the market, continue to pay attention to the needs of consumers, change the market healthier and cleaner. The government must also always pay attention to the comfort, freedom of consumers, handle every complaint, select every trader who is always active and inactive so that there are no empty booths and increase the ability of resources to traders.
Perilaku Peternak dalam Pemeliharaan Itik Magelang Guna Menghasilkan Ternak yang Aman, Sehat dan Produktif di Desa Ngadirojo Kecamatan Secang, Kabupaten Magelang
Authors:   Program Studi Peternakan, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Tidar, Idayanti Rahma , Rahayu Ayu , Ratnawati Shinta , Anindyawati Nurul
Published: December 2021

Duck breeding have a good prospect and provide a promising society protein demand as consumption food. Magelang Ducks is one of productive local poultry produces meats and eggs. Magelang Duck as a germ plasm basically haven’t had a proper attention either from society and government. These can be seen from its traditional farming system and considered as a side business. If this issues were still continuesly occurs, it was afraid that Magelang Duck as germ plasm could be extinct. This study was conducted to describe the farmers behaviour in Magelang Duck farming system in duck farming central Ngadirojo village, Secang subdistrict, Magelang district to provide a safe, healthy and productive livestock. The samples used were local farming purposively provided or purposive random sampling as many as 30 persons. The method used in this study was survey, interview and observation in the field. Data were analyzed by z-test. The results showed that farmers behaviour level on farming system were 23%, farmers behaviour level on providing and building nest were 11%, behaviour level on providing floor pads nest were 43%, behaviour level on feeding was 47%, behaviour level on concentrate addition in feed were 20%, behaviour level on vaccination were 17%, the livestock level infected by desease were 94%. The results showed that most of farmers had a low behaviour on Magelang Duck breeding.
Analisis Pengaruh Variabel Bauran Pemasaran terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Minuman Milktea oleh Mahasiswa Universitas Padjadjaran di Jatinangor
Authors:   Fakultas Teknologi Industri Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran, Putri Raissa , Pujianto Totok , Putri Selly
Published: December 2021

This research aimed to analyze the effect of marketing mix variabels on purchase decision for milktea in students of Padjadjaran University Jatinangor. Milktea is ready-to-drink that mix tea and milk, and this makes milktea quite popular. This research is classified as quantitative descriptive research. The independent variable in this research is the marketing mix variable that consisting four variabels, which is, product , price, location, and promotion, that affect the dependent variabel that is, purchase decision process. Data was gathered with distributing questionnaires. Analysis of the data used is multiple linear regression analysis with the help of software Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) 23.0 for windows. The result of this research indicate that marketing mix variabel simultaneously and partially have a significant effect on purchase decision, as evidenced by the value of F test and T test. The effect given from marketing mix variabel on the decision purchase of milktea drinks for students at Padjadjaran University Jatinangor is included to moderate category,which is equal to 42,3%
Pengembangan Produk Olahan Jahe di Kecamatan Jenawi Kabupaten Karanganyar (Studi Kasus Kelompok Wanita Tani Desa Sidomukti)
Authors:   Universitas Veteran Bangun Nusantara Sukoharjo, Dewati Rosita , Harinta Yos , Setyarini Agung
Published: December 2021

This study aimed to analyzed development strategies that can be applied to ginger processed product in Jenawi District, Karanganyar Regency. Data collected by interview and field observation. Data was analyzed using the IE and SWOT matrix analysis. The Mukti Rahayu Women's Farmer Group was founded in 2009 to process emprit ginger production into instant ginger products and fill in the activities of housewives around the group environment. In addition, the formation of groups also aimed to improve the economic standard of the surrounding community. The results of the identification of internal and external factors were analyzed using the IFE and EFE matrices with a total weight score of 2.91 and 3.11, respectively. These results occupied quadrant II in the IE matrix (growth position). Several alternative strategies were formulated including: adding members and increasing instant ginger production, increasing production scale to meet export demand, tightening QC to maintain quality and expanding offline and online markets, and maximizing the application and use of technology in marketing, accounting and financial records.
Program Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Petani di Lampung
Authors:   Universitas Bandar Lampung, Barusman M , Gultom Indriati , Cucus Ahmad , Redaputri Appin
Published: December 2021

Agriculture in Lampung Province is the sector that contributes the most to the provincial GRDP. But the welfare of farmers is still very low. This can happen because there is no guarantee of agricultural products, low agricultural production, low agricultural production due to several things such as land that is tired, agricultural production facilities (fertilizers, seeds, and drugs) that are not available and are not qualified, lack of agricultural technology that is support and lack of capital. The purpose of this study is to develop a model of the Kartu Petani Berjaya (KPB) system both in terms of its institutional model and physical form. This research uses the Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) approach. Data was collected through literature studies and the implementation of Focus Group Discussions (FGD) with resource persons. The speakers in this study were representatives of academics, practitioners and observers from Lampung Agriculture. The results of this study are the Institutional Model of Kartu Petani Berjaya (KPB) is a model that describes the relationship between elements associated with the work of the Kartu Petani Berjaya (KPB) program. The institutions involved are the Lampung Provincial Government, Agricultural Production Facility Suppliers (Saprotan) and Technology, Regional-Owned Enterprises that are involved as Manager Kartu Petani Berjaya (KPB), Buyers / Market, Banking, Inter-Village Owned Enterprises (BUMADES) / Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDES) / Cooperatives / Farmers-Owned Enterprises (BUMP) / Joint Farmers Groups (Gapoktan) and Farmers. The Berjaya Farmers Card aims to improve the welfare of Farmers, through providing certainty for the availability of capital, providing certainty for the availability of agricultural production facilities (fertilizers, seeds and medicines), fostering farm management, post-harvest handling, guaranteeing the selling price and ensuring the absorption of agricultural production.
Pengaruh Tanihub terhadap Minat Generasi Y Bertani dalam Penguatan Ketahanan Pangan
Authors:   Universitas Indonesia, Nisa Vina , Samputra Palupi
Published: December 2021

Tanihub is a market place that specifically sells agricultural products. the aim is to break the distribution chain so that consumers can buy food at low prices and farmers still get huge profits. Currently access and market networks are the main problems faced by the majority of farmers in Indonesia in selling agricultural products. Narrow marketing knowledge and low innovation towards modern agriculture have caused farming to be unprofitable. As a result, farmers live in poverty and farming is increasingly abandoned by the younger generation. this if left in the long run will be a threat to food security. Because in the future food is predicted to have a dual role as a source of food and energy raw materials. The purpose of this study was to analyze how the influence of Wages, Land Ownership, Prestige and Tanihub on the interest of generation Y farming in strengthening food security. The sample in this study were 94 members of HMI branch Ciputat. The analysis used in this study is descriptive statistics and ordinal logistic regression analysis. The results of the study revealed that as many as 54 people were interested in developing digital-based agriculture. The results of ordinal logistic regression analysis are known that Tanihub, Prestige and Land Ownership have a significant effect on the interest in farming. Whereas wages do not have a significant effect on the interest of generation Y farming.
Efisiensi Pemasaran Kapulaga di Desa Sunyalangu Kecamatan Karanglewas Kabupaten Banyumas
Authors:   Program Studi Agribisnis Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Illahi Ali , Sularso Kusmantoro , Darmawati Dindy
Published: December 2021

Sunyalangu Village is the only village in Karanglewas District that produces cardamom. This potential production needs to be balanced with efficient marketing to create high profits. The involvement of marketing institutions affects marketing costs on cardamom marketing channels and the difference in cardamom prices at the farm level and at the end consumer level. This study aims to: 1) Analyze the price, cost, and profit of cardamom marketing channels in Sunyalangu Village, Karanglewas Subdistrict, Banyumas Regency, 2) Knowing the most efficient cardamom marketing channels in Sunyalangu Village, Karanglewas District, Banyumas District. The research location was determined purposively in Sunyalangu Village, Karanglewas District, Banyumas Regency. Determination of the sample carried out on farmers is simple random sampling with the results of 65 sample farmers and determination of samples made at marketing institutions is snowball sampling. The data used are primary data and secondary data. The analytical methods used are descriptive, marketing margins, farmer's share, cost and profit share, as well as technical and economic efficiency. The results showed: 1) channel III is the cardamom marketing channel with the smallest marketing margin of Rp. 150,000, 2) channel III is the marketing channel with the largest percentage of farmers share percentage of 56.5%, 3) channel III is the channel that has the smallest share of marketing costs with a percentage of 17.8% or as much as Rp. 26,662 per kilogram and the biggest share of profits with a percentage of 87.9% or Rp. 133,314 / kg, 4) Channel III is the marketing channel of the merchant with the smallest technical efficiency value of Rp. 50.4 / Kg / Km and the largest economic efficiency value is Rp. 5 / kg.
Respon Petani Cengkeh terhadap Peranan Penyuluh Pertanian Lapangan di Desa Momalia Ii Kecamatan Posigadan Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Selatan
Authors:   Program Studi Agribisnis, Universitas Ichsan Gorontalo, Tumengkol Topandi , Dahar Darmiati , Ashari Ulfira
Published: December 2021

Clove farming is one of the main businesses of the majority of farmers in Momalia II Village, Posigadan District, Bolaang Mongondow Selatan Regency. The purpose of this study was to determine the response of clove farmers to the role of Agricultural Extension Agents. Primary data were obtained from clove farmers in Momalia II Village, Posigadan District, Bolaang Mongondow Selatan Regency with a total sample of 71 clove farmers. The research used descriptive analysis and likert scale. The results showed that the response of farmers to the role of extension agents as motivators and educators was in the good category, the role as communicators and consultants were in the good category, and the role as facilitator was in the poor category.
Strategi Adaptasi Perubahan Iklim: Faktor yang Mempengaruhi dan Manfaat Penerapannya
Authors:   Program Studi Ekonomi Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Priyanto Moh , Toiba Hery , Hartono Rachman
Published: December 2021

Climate change is considered as one of the environmental problems because it can reduce farmers' productivity and income, so farmers must implement adaptation strategies to minimize the negative impacts of climate change. This study aims to determine the implementation of farmers 'adaptation strategies, the factors that influence it, and assessing the benefits of implementing adaptation strategies on farmer productivity and incomes. This research was conducted in Sekarputih and Pendem hamlets, Pendem Village, Batu City with a sample size of 80 rice farmers. The analytical tools used are logistic regression to assess the factors that influence farmers' decisions, and t-test to assess the benefits of implementing adaptation strategies. The results showed that the climate change adaptation strategy applied by farmers in Sekarputih and Pendem hamlets during the dry season was to use dry season adaptive varieties. Farmers' decisions to implement adaptation strategies are influenced by factors of education, activeness in farmer groups, seed sources, harvest orientation, and weather information. The t-test shows that farmers who apply adaptation strategies get higher productivity and income than farmers who do not apply adaptation strategies
Penentuan Strategi Pemasaran Menggunakan Metode Design Thinking pada CV. Asri Rahayu
Authors:   Program Studi Teknologi Industri Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Industri Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran, Aziz Hilmi , Pujianto Totok , Putri Selly
Published: December 2021

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) have an important role in the development and growth of the national economy and employment. One of the enterprise is located in Majalengka Regency, CV. Asri Rahayu, is engaged in souvenirs and snacks, which is experiencing a decrease in income since 2016. CV. Asri Rahayu needs a new marketing strategy to increase company revenue. The determination of the marketing strategy in this study uses the Design Thinking method, with 5 steps, such as empathize, define, ideate, prototype, and test. There are several approaches in this research, that is Participatory Action Research (PAR), Focus Group Discussion, Empathy Map tools, Customer Journey, and Value Proposition Canvas. through these steps can be found various internal problems that have a direct impact on marketing activities. The results of this study are CV. Asri Rahayu had to make some improvements including changes in packaging design, digitization of bookkeeping of shipments, addition of the position of General Manager. This Enterprise also have to change the perspective of activities that impact direct income into activities that can improve company valuations and have to look for whatever conditions that make business to become valuable.
Pengaruh Logo Halal terhadap Sikap dan Minat Beli Konsumen UMM Bakery
Authors:   Fakultas Pertanian dan Peternakan, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, Windiana Livia , Putri Desiana
Published: December 2021

This research aims to know the consumer's attitude to the influence of halal logos in UMM Bakery and to know the relationship of consumer attitudes towards the interest of buying halal products in UMM Bakery. The research data was collected with kuisener and involved 62 umm bakery consumer respondents. The results showed that consumer attitude towards halal logo in UMM Bakery is positive, this shows that products with halal logo are the food that consumers want. The results of the analysis of attitudes to the interest in buying halal products in UMM BAkery with the correlation value of the coefficient is 0.901 which means there is a very strong correlation between buying attitudes and interests or correlation is positive
Pengaruh Store Image dan Hedonic Motives terhadap Impulse Buying Konsumen Buah
Authors:   Progam Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian-Peternakan, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, Kusumawati Wellynda , Ariadi Bambang , Bakhtiar Ary
Published: December 2021

Impulse buying has several factors that effect, among others, store image and hedonic motives. This research aims to determine the effect of store image on impulse buying fruit consumers and know the effect of hedonic motives on impulse buying fruit consumers. Location determination using purposive sampling method. The type and source of data used are primary data. Data collection methods in this study used questionnaires and interviews. The sampling method uses a purposive sampling technique, with a total sample of 65 respondents. Variable measurement using a likert scale. Data analysis method used Structural Equation Modeling - Partial Least Square (SEM - PLS), using SmartPLS software. The results showed that there was a significant effect of store image on impulse buying fruit products. Consumer interest in a good store image makes consumers feel happy shopping and makes consumers have a good impression on a store, thus making consumers make impulse buying. showed that there was a significant influence of hedonic motives on impulse buying fruit products. The existence of internal factors that exist in consumers, especially the nature of hedonic motives can shape the perception of consumers doing impulse buying. The recommendation of this research is to develop the influence of impulse buying consumers from other factors.
Analisis Preferensi Konsumen Buah Nanas Madu di Kecamatan Belik Kabupaten Pemalang
Authors:   Agribisnis Universitas Diponegoro, Fauzi Arif , Roessali Wiludjeng , Nurfadillah Suryani
Published: December 2021

The aims of this research are to analyze the charakteristic of honey pineapple consumers and to analyze the preferences of honey pineapple consumers in Belik Sub-district. The research was conducted in Belik Sub-district on March-June 2020. The research location was determined by purposive method. The research was used a survey method with 100 respondents as the sample who were selected using accidental sampling. Descriptive analysis and conjoint analysis were used in this research. The result of the research showed that consumers prefers honey pineapple which has >Rp3.500-Rp4.500 of price, yellow skin color, sweet taste and fruit-shaped cut. The most important attribute in honey pineapple for consumers was the taste.
Dampak Investasi Sosial Pelaksanaan Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) terhadap Pengembangan Agribisnis Jamur dengan Pendekatan Social Return On Investment (SROI)
Authors:   Program Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Wijaya Oki , Susanto Deni , Rozaki Zuhud , Nurhidayati Ayu
Published: December 2021

This paper aims to see how the impact of social investments made by companies on villages that have the potential to be developed. The high potential possessed by several villages that are not maximized properly makes the community have to continue to live in the constraints of poverty which has implications for the low welfare rate. The existence of CSR funds owned by the company is a great opportunity in empowering village communities. However, not all CSR programs are able to run well. Thus, this research using SROI as an analytical tool with a field research method tries to reveal Pertamina's success in carrying out CSR programs in Gamol village with a focus on mushroom cultivation programs.
Keterkaitan Sikap Kewirausahaan Petani Tebu dan Produktivitas Tebu di Kabupaten Malang
Authors:   Program Studi Agribisnis, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya, Jihad Baroroh , Hanani Nuhfil , Asmara Rosihan , Fahriyah Fahriyah
Published: December 2021

Entrepreneurial attitude is an important role in increasing the ability of sugarcane farmers to increase the productivity of sugarcane farming. Increasing sugarcane productivity is one of the efforts to overcome the sugar deficit in Indonesia, which from 2016 to 2019 averaged 4.7 million tons. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the entrepreneurial attitude of sugarcane farmers and sugarcane productivity in Malang Regency by using cross-tabulation. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze his entrepreneurial attitude. The indicators used to measure entrepreneurial attitudes are self-categorization, motivation, self-efficacy, risk-taking, innovation, ability to see opportunities, and growth-oriented. The seven indicators were measured using a Likert scale. This research was conducted by interviewing 50 sugarcane farmers in Malang Regency. The method of determining respondents was carried out by Multi stages Random Sampling. As many as 70 percent of sugarcane farmers in Malang Regency had a low entrepreneurial attitude, especially on the indicators of innovation and motivation with an average score of 2.38 and 2.17. The results of the cross tabulation show that there was a positive relationship between the entrepreneurial attitude of sugarcane farmers in Malang Regency and their productivity achievements.
Kajian Ekonomi Subsektor Peternakan di Kawasan Sulampua (Tahun 2014-2019)
Authors:   Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Sorong, Novita Elfryanty
Published: December 2021

Animal Husbandry has an important role in accelerating the growth of agriculture sector as a part of food security. However, this subsector is considered gaining not much priority as other subsectors in agriculture sector, particularly in ten provinces in Sulampua (Sulawesi, Maluku and Papua) region. Generally, the economic growth of this subsector in those provinces have fluctuated from 2014 to 2019 and its contributions to Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) for both farming sector and the total GRDP by province are significantly small. Two purposes of this study are to describe the challenges of animal husbandry in Sulampua (the population of livestock, the economy’s growth of animal husbandry and based-area groups) and to gain analysis as early information for comparative advantages and the prospect of livestock market for subsector. Data used in this study is from BPS-Statistic Indonesia consisting of GRDP by province, the farms’ farmer trade, and the total population of livestock. This study uses descriptive analysis namely Klassen Typology, Location Quotient (LQ) and Shift Share Analysis (SSA). According to Klassen Typology, the animal husbandry in Maluku Utara, Papua and Papua Barat have been relatively less developed. The result of LQ is livestock in five provinces excluding South Sulawesi is a leading sector while the result of SSA reveals that the animal husbandry in three provinces (Sulawesi Tenggara, Maluku and Papua Barat) have been relatively no comparative advantages in national level. In conclusion, the animal husbandry in provinces in Maluku and Papua have been growing slower than in Sulawesi.
Struktur, Perilaku, dan Kinerja Pasar Benih Jagung (Zea Mays L.) di Amerika Serikat, India, dan Indonesia
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Safitri Rossi , Riana Fitria , Widyawati Wiwit
Published: December 2021

The growth of corn demand in the world has an impact on the lack of fulfillment in the world, so it needs some effort to increase the production through corn seed optimation. The three of corn production center in the world are United States of America, India, and Indonesia. The aim of this study are to analyze and compare the structure, conduct, and performance of corn seed market in United States of America, India, and Indonesia and also to analyze the suitable policy recommendation to improve Indonesian corn seed marketing efficiency. This research used literature review method to analyze the data. The results shows that the market structure of corn seed market in United States of America, India, and Indonesia is oligopoly. The market conduct of corn seed market in United States of America, India, and Indonesia are same, which is a merger and particular agreements practice among the seed companies. The most efficient market is India, with the value of producer price share 76.08%.
Analisis Peramalan Volume Ekspor Melon di PT Bumi Sari Lestari Temanggung Jawa Tengah
Authors:   Universitas Diponegoro, Apriyanti Linda , Setiadi Agus , Santoso Siswanto
Published: December 2021

Export is an activity of sending goods abroad carried out by a company to increase profits and obtain a better selling price. Companies can optimize profits by minimizing uncertainty in the future by calculating sales forecasting which is useful for planning product inventory to be marketed. PT. Bumi Sari Lestari is one of the exporters in Central Java which exports one of the vegetable and fruit horticultural commodities, namely melons. The purpose of this study was to determine how much the forecast value of the volume of melon exports for the first quarter and second quarter of 2020 at PT. Bumi Sari Lestari uses the trend analysis method. This research was conducted on January 13, 2020 - February 9, 2020 at PT. Bumi Sari Lestari, Temanggung, Central Java. Determination The location of the study was determined intentionally (purposive). The research method used in this research is a case study. The data used are PT Bumi Sari Lestari's melon export sales data in the period of 2017-2019 (time series), monthly data analyzed quarterly from January 2017 - December 2019 with a total of 12 observations. The data analysis method uses the quadratic trend analysis method. The data stationarity test results show that the data is stationary. Melon export volume forecasting results at PT. Bumi Sari Lestari using the quadratic trend method gets results for forecasting in the first quarter of 2020 amounted to 15,767,427 kg and in the second quarter of 2020 amounted to 9,916,788 kg.
Response size of Digestive organs of Broiler that are fed containing Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) different levels of protein with protease enzyme supplementation
Authors: Mahardhika Brahmadhita Pratama , Ridla Muhammad , Mutia Rita , Naja Miftakhun
Published: December 2021

This research was conducted to evaluate the use of Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis), the level of protein diet, and the supplementation of protease enzymes to the size response of the starter phase of Broiler chicken digestive organs. Birds used in this study were 48 broilers of male chickens which were distributed into 3 observation factors and 3 replications (each replication consisted of 2 samples). The observation factor is Factor 1 are ingredients (basal diet based on soybean meal and a diet containing Jack bean), the second factor is the level of protein (22% and 19.5%) and the third factor is enzyme treatment (without enzymes and the addition of proteases). The design used was a completely randomized factorial design (RALF) and analysis of variance. The results showed that the decrease in protein level (from 22% to 19.5%) significantly high (P <.0.01) increased the length of the jejunum but could be reduced to produce the same length as basal feed (PK 22%) with the addition of the protease enzyme. The use of Jack bean significantly (P <0.05) increases the length of the jejunum but is reduced by the addition of the protease enzyme to the same as the basal diet produced by soybean meal. The addition of protease enzymes significantly reduced ileum weight and total small intestine weight (P <0.05) and significantlydecreased jejunum length (P <0.01). There was no interaction between ingredient, level of protein, and protease enzymes on size response of digestibility broiler organ.
On Missingness Features in Machine Learning Models for Critical Care: Observational Study
Authors: Singh Janmajay , Sato Masahiro , Ohkuma Tomoko
Published: December 2021

Background

Missing data in electronic health records is inevitable and considered to be nonrandom. Several studies have found that features indicating missing patterns (missingness) encode useful information about a patient’s health and advocate for their inclusion in clinical prediction models. But their effectiveness has not been comprehensively evaluated.

Objective

The goal of the research is to study the effect of including informative missingness features in machine learning models for various clinically relevant outcomes and explore robustness of these features across patient subgroups and task settings.

Methods

A total of 48,336 electronic health records from the 2012 and 2019 PhysioNet Challenges were used, and mortality, length of stay, and sepsis outcomes were chosen. The latter dataset was multicenter, allowing external validation. Gated recurrent units were used to learn sequential patterns in the data and classify or predict labels of interest. Models were evaluated on various criteria and across population subgroups evaluating discriminative ability and calibration.

Results

Generally improved model performance in retrospective tasks was observed on including missingness features. Extent of improvement depended on the outcome of interest (area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic [AUROC] improved from 1.2% to 7.7%) and even patient subgroup. However, missingness features did not display utility in a simulated prospective setting, being outperformed (0.9% difference in AUROC) by the model relying only on pathological features. This was despite leading to earlier detection of disease (true positives), since including these features led to a concomitant rise in false positive detections.

Conclusions

This study comprehensively evaluated effectiveness of missingness features on machine learning models. A detailed understanding of how these features affect model performance may lead to their informed use in clinical settings especially for administrative tasks like length of stay prediction where they present the greatest benefit. While missingness features, representative of health care processes, vary greatly due to intra- and interhospital factors, they may still be used in prediction models for clinically relevant outcomes. However, their use in prospective models producing frequent predictions needs to be explored further.
Adoption and Appropriateness of mHealth for Weight Management in the Real World: A Qualitative Investigation of Patient Perspectives
Authors: Breland Jessica Y , Agha Khizran , Mohankumar Rakshitha
Published: December 2021

Background

Mobile health (mHealth) interventions for weight management can result in weight loss outcomes comparable to in-person treatments. However, there is little information on implementing these treatments in real-world settings.

Objective

This work aimed to answer two implementation research questions related to mHealth for weight management: (1) what are barriers and facilitators to mHealth adoption (initial use) and engagement (continued use)? and (2) what are patient beliefs about the appropriateness (ie, perceived fit, relevance, or compatibility) of mHealth for weight management?

Methods

We conducted semistructured interviews with patients with obesity at a single facility in an integrated health care system (the Veterans Health Administration). All participants had been referred to a new mHealth program, which included access to a live coach. We performed a rapid qualitative analysis of interviews to identify themes related to the adoption of, engagement with, and appropriateness of mHealth for weight management.

Results

We interviewed 24 veterans, seven of whom used the mHealth program. Almost all participants were ≥45 years of age and two-thirds were White. Rapid analysis identified three themes: (1) coaching both facilitates and prevents mHealth adoption and engagement by promoting accountability but leading to guilt among those not meeting goals; (2) preferences regarding the mode of treatment delivery, usability, and treatment content were barriers to mHealth appropriateness and adoption, including preferences for in-person care and a dislike of self-monitoring; and (3) a single invitation was not sufficient to facilitate adoption of a new mHealth program. Themes were unrelated to participants’ age, race, or ethnicity.

Conclusions

In a study assessing real-world use of mHealth in a group of middle-aged and older adults, we found that—despite free access to mHealth with a live coach—most did not complete the registration process. Our findings suggest that implementing mHealth for weight management requires more than one information session. Findings also suggest that focusing on the coaching relationship and how users’ lives and goals change over time may be an important way to facilitate engagement and improved health. Most participants thought mHealth was appropriate for weight management, with some nevertheless preferring in-person care. Therefore, the best way to guarantee equitable care will be to ensure multiple routes to achieving the same behavioral health goals. Veterans Health Administration patients have the option of using mHealth for weight management, but can also attend group weight management programs or single-session nutrition classes or access fitness facilities. Health care policy does not allow such access for most people in the United States; however, expanded access to behavioral weight management is an important long-term goal to ensure health for all.
Interactive Mobile Phone HIV Adherence Support for Men Who Have Sex With Men in the Philippines Connect for Life Study: Mixed Methods Approach to Intervention Development and Pilot Testing
Authors: O'Connor Cara , Leyritana Katerina , Doyle Aoife M , Lewis James J , Gill Randeep , Salvaña Edsel Maurice
Published: December 2021

Background

The HIV epidemic in the Philippines is one of the fastest growing epidemics globally, and infections among men who have sex with men are rising at an alarming rate. The World Health Organization recommends the use of mobile health (mHealth) technologies to engage patients in care and ensure high levels of adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART). Existing mHealth interventions can be adapted and tailored to the context and population served.

Objective

This study aims to create a locally tailored intervention using a mobile phone platform to support treatment adherence for HIV patients on ART in the Philippines.

Methods

A mixed methods approach guided by the Behavior Change Wheel framework was used to adapt an existing mHealth adherence support platform for the local setting and target population. A literature review, retrospective clinical record review, and focus group discussions with patients were conducted to understand the drivers of ART adherence and tailor the intervention accordingly. The resulting intervention was pilot-tested for 8 weeks, followed by focus group discussions with patients who received the intervention to assess the acceptability of the design.

Results

Key issues contributing to nonadherence included side effects, lack of behavioral skills for pill taking, social support, mental health, and substance use. Patients identified mHealth as an acceptable mode of intervention delivery and wanted mHealth services to be highly personalizable. The study team, clinicians, and software developers integrated these findings into the intervention, which included a menu of services as follows: pill reminders, health tips, adherence feedback, appointment reminders, and symptom reporting. During the pilot phase, technical issues in the interactive voice response system (IVRS) were identified and addressed. Patients who participated in the pilot phase expressed a preference for SMS text messaging over the IVRS. Patients responded positively to the appointment reminders and health tips, whereas patient feedback on daily and weekly pill reminders and adherence feedback was mixed.

Conclusions

The mobile phone–based SMS text messaging and IVRS intervention was acceptable to men who have sex with men in Manila, the Philippines, and qualitative analysis suggested that the intervention helped promote ART adherence and appointment attendance.
Health Care Providers’ Trusted Sources for Information About COVID-19 Vaccines: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Brauer Eden , Choi Kristen , Chang John , Luo Yi , Lewin Bruno , Munoz-Plaza Corrine , Bronstein David , Bruxvoort Katia
Published: December 2021

Background

Information and opinions shared by health care providers can affect patient vaccination decisions, but little is known about who health care providers themselves trust for information in the context of new COVID-19 vaccines.

Objective

The purpose of this study is to investigate which sources of information about COVID-19 vaccines are trusted by health care providers and how they communicate this information to patients.

Methods

This mixed methods study involved a one-time, web-based survey of health care providers and qualitative interviews with a subset of survey respondents. Health care providers (physicians, advanced practice providers, pharmacists, nurses) were recruited from an integrated health system in Southern California using voluntary response sampling, with follow-up interviews with providers who either accepted or declined a COVID-19 vaccine. The outcome was the type of information sources that respondents reported trusting for information about COVID-19 vaccines. Bivariate tests were used to compare trusted information sources by provider type; thematic analysis was used to explore perspectives about vaccine information and communicating with patients about vaccines.

Results

The survey was completed by 2948 providers, of whom 91% (n=2683) responded that they had received ≥1 dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. The most frequently trusted source of COVID-19 vaccine information was government agencies (n=2513, 84.2%); the least frequently trusted source was social media (n=691, 9.5%). More physicians trusted government agencies (n=1226, 93%) than nurses (n=927, 78%) or pharmacists (n=203, 78%; P<.001), and more physicians trusted their employer (n=1115, 84%) than advanced practice providers (n=95, 67%) and nurses (n=759, 64%; P=.002). Qualitative themes (n=32 participants) about trusted sources of COVID-19 vaccine information were identified: processing new COVID-19 information in a health care work context likened to a “war zone” during the pandemic and communicating information to patients. Some providers were hesitant to recommend vaccines to pregnant people and groups they perceived to be at low risk for COVID-19.

Conclusions

Physicians have stronger trust in government sources and their employers for information about COVID-19 vaccines compared with nurses, pharmacists, and advanced practice providers. Strategies such as role modeling, tailored messaging, or talking points with standard language may help providers to communicate accurate COVID-19 vaccine information to patients, and these strategies may also be used with providers with lower levels of trust in reputable information sources.
Campus Smoking Policies and Smoking-Related Twitter Posts Originating From California Public Universities: Retrospective Study
Authors: Yang Joshua S , Cuomo Raphael E , Purushothaman Vidya , Nali Matthew , Shah Neal , Bardier Cortni , Obradovich Nick , Mackey Tim
Published: December 2021

Background

The number of colleges and universities with smoke- or tobacco-free campus policies has been increasing. The effects of campus smoking policies on overall sentiment, particularly among young adult populations, are more difficult to assess owing to the changing tobacco and e-cigarette product landscape and differential attitudes toward policy implementation and enforcement.

Objective

The goal of the study was to retrospectively assess the campus climate toward tobacco use by comparing tweets from California universities with and those without smoke- or tobacco-free campus policies.

Methods

Geolocated Twitter posts from 2015 were collected using the Twitter public application programming interface in combination with cloud computing services on Amazon Web Services. Posts were filtered for tobacco products and behavior-related keywords. A total of 42,877,339 posts were collected from 2015, with 2837 originating from a University of California or California State University system campus, and 758 of these manually verified as being about smoking. Chi-square tests were conducted to determine if there were significant differences in tweet user sentiments between campuses that were smoke- or tobacco-free (all University of California campuses and California State University, Fullerton) compared to those that were not. A separate content analysis of tweets included in chi-square tests was conducted to identify major themes by campus smoking policy status.

Results

The percentage of positive sentiment tweets toward tobacco use was higher on campuses without a smoke- or tobacco-free campus policy than on campuses with a smoke- or tobacco-free campus policy (76.7% vs 66.4%, P=.03). Higher positive sentiment on campuses without a smoke- or tobacco-free campus policy may have been driven by general comments about one’s own smoking behavior and comments about smoking as a general behavior. Positive sentiment tweets originating from campuses without a smoke- or tobacco-free policy had greater variation in tweet type, which may have also contributed to differences in sentiment among universities.

Conclusions

Our study introduces preliminary data suggesting that campus smoke- and tobacco-free policies are associated with a reduction in positive sentiment toward smoking. However, continued expressions and intentions to smoke and reports of one’s own smoking among Twitter users suggest a need for more research to better understand the dynamics between implementation of smoke- and tobacco-free policies and resulting tobacco behavioral sentiment.
Mobile Phone–Based Intervention Among Adolescents Living With Perinatally Acquired HIV Transitioning from Pediatric to Adult Care: Protocol for the Interactive Transition Support for Adolescents Living With HIV using Social Media (InTSHA) Study
Authors: Zanoni Brian C , Archary Moherndran , Sibaya Thobekile , Goldstein Madeleine , Bergam Scarlett , Denton David , Cordero Vincente , Peng Cynthia , Psaros Christina , Marconi Vincent C , Haberer Jessica E
Published: December 2021

Background

Adolescents living with perinatally acquired HIV often have poor retention in care and viral suppression during the transition from pediatric to adult-based care.

Objective

The aim of this study is to evaluate a mobile phone–based intervention, Interactive Transition Support for Adolescents Living With HIV using Social Media (InTSHA), among adolescents living with perinatally acquired HIV as they transition from pediatric to adult care in South Africa.

Methods

InTSHA uses encrypted, closed group chats delivered via WhatsApp (Meta Platforms Inc) to develop peer support and improve communication between adolescents, their caregivers, and health care providers. The intervention is based on formative work with adolescents, caregivers, and health care providers and builds on several existing adolescent support programs as well as the Social-ecological Model of Adolescent and Young Adult Readiness for Transition (SMART). The final InTSHA intervention involves 10 modules conducted weekly through moderated WhatsApp group chats with adolescents and separately with their caregivers. We will randomly assign 80 South African adolescents living with perinatally acquired HIV who are aware of their HIV status and aged between 15 and 19 years to receive either the intervention (n=40) or standard of care (n=40).

Results

We will measure acceptability of the intervention as the primary outcome and evaluate feasibility and preliminary effectiveness for retention in care and viral suppression after completion of the intervention and at least 6 months after randomization. In addition, we will measure secondary outcomes evaluating the impact of the InTSHA intervention on peer support, self-esteem, depression, stigma, sexual education, connection to health care providers, and transition readiness. Enrollment began on April 15, 2021. As of December 31, 2021 a total of 78 out of expected 80 participants have been enrolled.

Conclusions

If successful, the intervention will be evaluated in a fully powered randomized controlled trial with a larger number of adolescents from urban and rural populations to further evaluate the generalizability of InTSHA.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03624413; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03624413

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/35455