bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What is the Optimal Time to Perform Cardiac Surgery in Patients with Stroke?
Authors: Hartman, BS Timothy , Madison, MS Mackenzie , Namburi, MHA Niha , Haag Luke , Lee, MD Lawrence
Published: January 2020

Background: Preoperative stroke in patients undergoing cardiac surgery is a risk factor associated with increased postoperative complications, including stroke. The optimal timing when cardiac surgery can be safely performed after stroke is unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate how cardiac surgery timing after preoperative stroke impacts postoperative outcomes.
Methods: All patients with history of stroke who subsequently underwent cardiac surgery at IU Health Methodist Hospital between 2011-2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Patient variables were extracted from both the institutional Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) database and a statewide Indiana patient database. Medical records of each patient were also reviewed. Patients were grouped into cohorts by the timing of the preoperative stroke relative to cardiac surgery: Recent (within two weeks before surgery), Intermediate (greater than two weeks but less than six weeks before), and Remote (greater than six weeks before). Postoperative outcomes were reviewed and compared between groups.
Results: 165 patients were included in the study, with 48 in the Recent group, 27 in Intermediate, and 90 in Remote. 30-day mortality and postoperative stroke rates, respectively, for the groups without endocarditis (n=110) were: Recent – 0.0% and 28.6%, Intermediate – 0.0% and 8.3%, and Remote – 3.9% and 5.2%. The difference in postoperative stroke rate between Recent and Remote was significant (p=0.005) with patients in the Recent group estimated to be 7.3 times more likely to develop postoperative stroke in comparison to the Remote group, while the difference between Recent and Intermediate was not. Preoperative stroke due to endocarditis (n=55) was not associated with a significant increase in postoperative stroke, regardless of timing of surgery.
Conclusion: Delaying cardiac surgery for six weeks after stroke occurrence may lead to significantly reduced likelihood of postoperative stroke. The exception would be patients with preoperative stroke due to septic emboli from endocarditis, as timing of cardiac surgery does not seem to affect postoperative mortality or stroke rates in these patients.
Learning HIP: Speaking the Language of Healthcare
Authors: Wilcox, MPH Matthew , Wiehe, MD, MPH Sarah E. , Hudson, MA Brenda L. , Schicho Fiona , Hicks, PhD Ivan D. , Green, MA Andrew , Craig, PhD David M.
Published: January 2020

Background
The Healthy Indiana Plan serves as an insurance program, expansion of Medicaid, and unique initiative of Indiana, serving citizens near the poverty line. Elements of the program like the distinction between HIP Plus and HIP Basic, as well as the Gateway to Work program and their effects on the community have yet to be fully understood in their impact on healthcare decision making, stimulating personal responsibility, and ER utilization rates. Churches and faithbased organizations have consistently provided model forms of health support supplementation for reaching community, especially as demonstrated in the work of First Baptist Church North Indianapolis and Shepherd Community Church of the Nazarene.
Project
Methods 18 previously conducted and transcribed interviews with community leaders and community members were deductively analyzed with qualitative assessments, specifically descriptive content analysis and later framework analysis. Key themes and a framework were developed to understand and clarify responses and to produce direct recommendations.
Results
Participants in HIP Plus enjoy their insurance and experience minimal difficulty in receiving prescriptions and tests. However, remaining on HIP Plus is difficult for many participants, with the fallback of HIP Basic requiring copays that many are unable or unwilling to pay in light of greater financial priorities. Important factors arose, including: threshold knowledge to gain and maintain access, community necessitated assistance (advisory and financial), easy loss of HIP Plus status, gateway to work’s incompatibility with seasonal/temporal work, and no central administrative hub to check HIP status. Successful participants are adamant about their insurance, using phone calls, office visits, or consistent communication with navigators to ensure HIP Plus status.
Conclusion & Future Directions
This study, as well as Worlds Apart: Gaps in Life Expectancy in the Indianapolis Metro Area, have contributed to a continuing study on health inequity, community perspective, and organizational activities in Indianapolis communities.
The Correlation of Salaries and Teacher Performance in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah level
Authors: Sriyadi Sriyadi
Published: January 2020

This study aims to determine whether there is a significant relationship between the honorary teacher salaries with teacher performance at MI Nurul Huda Gowak in 2019.  In this study, the population was eight honorary teachers at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) Nurul Huda Gowak, Pringsurat, Temanggung in 2019.  Because there are eight teachers, all of which will be sampled, this study is a population study.  The data was gained through questionnaires.  Data were analyzed quantitatively by Spearman correlation with SPSS 12.0 statistical software.  The result shows that there is no significant relationship between the honorary teacher salaries with teacher performance that can be known from the results of the calculation using SPSS 12.0.  The calculation using Spearman's rho obtained 0.518, while r value in Sig (2-tailed) with df 8 is 0.188. It turns out that ro (magnitude: 0.518) is greater than Sig (2-tailed) 0.188. Because ro is bigger than Sig (2-tailed), then the null hypothesis (Ho) is accepted.  It meant that there is no positive correlation between variables teacher salaries and teacher performance.  Based on this fact, it can be explained that teacher salaries have nothing to do with teacher performance.
Urban Street Network Analysis in a Computational Notebook
Authors: Boeing Geoff
Published: January 2020

Computational notebooks offer researchers, practitioners, students, and educators the ability to interactively run code and disseminate reproducible workflows that weave together code, visuals, and narratives. This article explores the potential of computational notebooks in urban analytics and planning, demonstrating their utility through a case study of OSMnx and its tutorials repository. OSMnx is a Python package for working with OpenStreetMap data and modeling, analyzing, and visualizing street networks anywhere in the world. Its official demos and tutorials are distributed as open-source Jupyter notebooks on GitHub. This article showcases this resource by documenting the repository and demonstrating OSMnx interactively through a synoptic tutorial adapted from the repository. It illustrates how to download and model street networks for various study sites, compute network indicators, visualize street centrality, calculate routes, and work with other spatial data such as building footprints and points of interest. Computational notebooks can empower guides for introducing methods to new users and can help researchers reach broader audiences interested in learning from, adapting, and remixing their work. Due to their utility and versatility, the ongoing adoption of computational notebooks in urban planning, analytics, and related geocomputation disciplines should continue into the future.
Fluvial environmental disasters: risk perception and evaluation of government responses by riverine populations in Cacau Pirêra, Iranduba/AM
Authors: Guimarães David Franklin da Silva , Belmiro Camila dos Santos , Vasconcelos Mônica Alves de , Pereira Henriques dos Santos
Published: January 2020

This article unveils the perceptions of vulnerable populations of the Amazon regarding the risks of river disasters and highlights their assessment of the effectiveness of government responses. The record of perceptions, assessments and identification of social vulnerabilities were obtained in interviews with focus groups formed by residents of Cacau Pirêra, in the Amazon. To characterize the environmental threats and vulnerabilities, fluviometric and altimetric data of the occupied areas were used. In that District, floods do not have to exceed normal limits to constitute environmental disasters and, in the perception of residents, pose more risks than ebb. Participants point to the low effectiveness of public policies as the main cause of the ineffectiveness of the government's response to water disasters. Natural disaster studies should consider the interactions between the environmental and social aspects of territories to reach an understanding of the complexity of the context in which they occur.
Management of water resources in semi-arid: assessment of the drinking water supply in rural communities of Chapada do Apodi-RN
Authors: Pinto Filho Jorge Luís de Oliveira , Rêgo Alana Ticiane Alves do , Lunes Anderson Rodrigo  da Silva
Published: January 2020

Water is a natural resource, present in metabolic processes of living beings, which has been used for various purposes, especially human consumption. This study aimed to evaluate the system of supply and the quality of water for human consumption in rural communities of Chapada do Apodi, RN. The methodology consisted of identifying and evaluating the supply system as well as the quality of the water from the environmental perception and physical-chemical and biological analyses in water. Electrical conductivity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, and Total Residue showed standards required for human consumption according to values ​​presented by current legislation. On the other hand, the results for pH parameters, total coliforms, and coliforms Escherichia coli type termotolerantes showed disagreement in accordance with the laws concerning the limits established for water bodies of water intended for human consumption. The infrastructural conditions of water supply systems, as well as the physical and chemical parameters of untreated water, were considered unsatisfactory.
The paradox of the autonomy of Afro-descendants in the Colombian Pacific
Authors: Perafán Mireya Valencia
Published: January 2020

Claudia Leal. Landscapes of Freedom – Building a Postemancipation Society in the Rainforests of Western Colombia. Tucson: The University of Arizona Press. 2018. 336 p. ISBN – 13: 978-0-8165-3674-0 (cloth). US$55.00. Figures, maps, graphs, tables, bibliography and index.
Relationship of Lead Exposure with Workers' Blood Pressure and Blood Components: A Case Study
Authors: Torabi Goodarzi Salman , Golbabaei Farideh , Harati Bahram , Chang Robabeh , Ahmadi Vahid , Sadeghi Yarandi Mohsen
Published: January 2020

Background: Lead is one of the most widely used metals in the industries and is the amplest metal element on the Earth’s crust. This metal disrupts the physiological processes of the body due to its accumulation in various tissues. The present study aimed to determining the association of lead exposure with blood pressure and blood components of the lead mine employees in Isfahan City, Iran.  Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 187 workers were investigated; they worked in the lead mines of Isfahan from January to April 2016. The staff was divided into two groups: one was exposed to lead and the other was the control group. The participants' general information was collected in worksheets, including age, work experience, work shift, body mass index, blood pressure, and smoking status. Sampling was carried out by active sampling using the NIOSH 7300 method. Blood samples were taken from all participants and their hematological parameters were evaluated, including red blood cell, platelet count, percent of lymphocytes, and volume of red blood cells. Results: The participants' age means were 34.06 (8.8) and 37.04 (11.48) years in the case and control groups, respectively. The time-weighted average concentration of lead in the breathing zone air of workers was 0.0533 mg/m3. The average systolic blood pressure was 12.01 (1.3) mmHg in exposed workers, while it was 11.78 (1.1) mmHg in the control group. The average diastolic blood pressure was 7.84 (0.71) mmHg in exposed workers and 7.73 (0.54) mmHg in control group. Statistical test results showed a significant difference between the case and control groups with regard to their systolic and diastolic blood pressure (P<0.05). Furthermore, no significant difference was observed between the lead-exposed and non-exposed groups with regard to the hematocrit and hemoglobin levels. Conclusion:  According to the results, lead exposure can cause metabolic changes in blood pressure and some of its features. Considering the importance of this issue, some preventive measures should be taken to maintain and improve the worker's health and well-being, such as increasing the workers' rest time, performing periodic examinations for them, as well as conducting safety workshops and training sessions.
Modeling of Occupational Risk Factors in the Development of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Nurses
Authors: Pourbabaki Reza , Samiei Sajjad , Alefi Mahsa , Sadeghi Yarandi Mohsen , Karimi Ali
Published: January 2020

Background: musculoskeletal disorders are one of the most common occupational diseases in hospital staff. Factors that are effective on the incidence of musculoskeletal disorders can point to stress and job satisfaction and unsuitable postures. By regarding the key role of nursing staff in hospitals in giving health services, this study has been done with the aim of the survey about the relationship between stress amount and job satisfaction with musculoskeletal disorders in nurses. Methods: This analytical description study had been done in the year 2017, accidentally between 140 persons, 90 of available nurses that during sampling were in the nursing station of one of Tehran hospitals. For data collection one used standard questionnaire composed of demographic information and job information about musculoskeletal disorders, satisfaction, and job stress. Also for finding the relationship between variables one used correlation test, multivariate linear regression and independent t-test by SPSS20 Software. Results: Results shows that one of the biggest postures adopted by nurses is waist bending that the result of that is a pain in the lower part of the waist. By doing multivariate linear regression in SPSS20, a model for prediction pain in the lower part results from waist bending gained. Between job stress and job postures, there have been seen a significant relationship (P<0/05) in this test there was no significant relationship between job satisfaction and job postures. Conclusion: Extra physical activities lead to unsuitable and repetitive postures in nurses that are one of the most important factors in creating job stress in nurses. For decreasing coming stress to staff, they should give information and needed knowledge about correct posture adoption to everyone.
Evaluation of Ionizing Radiation in Five Private Radiology Centers in Khuzestan
Authors: Fouladi Dehaghi Behzad , Deris Jamileh , Mosavi Qahfarokhi Maryam , Golbaghi Ameneh , Nematpour Leila
Published: January 2020

Background: Nowadays ionizing radiation is widely used in medicine, research and industry. In medicine, ionizing radiation is used to diagnose diseases and in high doses to treat diseases such as cancer. Undoubtedly, most exposure to artificial sources is in the field of medical and diagnostic radiology. Therefore, practitioners in the field of diagnostic radiography and patients are exposed to ionizing radiation and its risks. On the other hand, despite the advantages and efficacy of diagnostic radiation in the medical field, overall less attention is paid to optimizing and controlling protection in medical radiation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the background ionizing radiation in Ahwaz diagnostic radiography centers. Methods: Ionization radiation levels were measured in and out of each center using gamma spectroscopy (Radiation Alert Inspector-EXP 15109) at a, b, c, d and e radiographic centers within one meter above the Earth's surface. Radiation levels within each center were measured at four locations (outside of center, secretary desk, and patient waiting room and behind the radiology room) both in X-ray machine operating and non-operating condition. The obtained data were analyzed by SPSS software.  Results: The inside ionization radiation dose in a, b, c, d and e radiographic centers were 0.121, 0.119, 0.126, 0132 and 0.128 μSv/h respectively. The outside ionization radiation dose in a, b, c, d and e radiographic centers were 0.094, 0.092, 0.093, 0.112 and 0.101 μSv/h respectively. Equivalent annual dose within and outside selected radiology centers were lower than the threshold (1 mSv / year). Conclusion: The results show that the ionizing radiation dose of the X-ray equipment examined in the radiology centers of Ahwaz is lower than the global standard.
Patient Dose Estimation from Digital Radiography Repeat Rate
Authors: Fallah Mohammadi Gholamreza , Kiumarsi Yasaman , Eghbaliyan Pardis
Published: January 2020

Purpose: This research aimed at estimating the patient effective dose from digital radiography repeat rateand evaluating the factors that contribute to the repetition of radiographic procedures in two referral hospitals in Sari, Iran.
Materials and Methods: Entrance skin dose and effective dose per common radiography procedures in digital radiography were measured. 1724 X-ray exposures were investigated prospectively. The annual number of each radiography procedure was obtained from the archives of the digital radiography department. The patient cumulative dose was the calculation from annual exposures Repeat Rate (RR) and effective dose per digital radiography procedures.
Results: The mean exposure RR per examination was 1.12% and the total percentage of a repeat of all examination was 8.9%. Annual cumulative dose (man-mSivert) resulted from radiographic RR was 449.2.The chest and lumbar spine radiography had the highest annual number and the highest radiation dose, respectively; therefore, these procedures transfer the largest annual dose from repeated radiographic images to the patients. The factors leading to the repetition included the radiographer error (69%), the X-ray tube and equipment error (10.4%), the patient related error (16.1%) and other cases (4.1%). The average effective dose for each examination was 0.36 mSv.
Conclusion: Digital radiographic repeat rate increases a 1.1 % annual patient effective dose from the base level that receives from the current radiographic examination. Inconsistency of the center of the digital panel and the central axis of the X-ray beam and error in the selection of the upright or table digital panel are among the most important factors in the repetition of digital radiography.
Unraveling the importance of molecules of natural origin in antifungal drug development through targeting ergosterol biosynthesis pathway
Authors: Jamzivar Fatemehsadat , Shams-Ghahfarokhi Masoomeh , Khoramizadeh Mansoor , Yousefi Niloufar , Gholami-Shabani Mohammadhassan
Published: January 2020

Over the past decades, the incidence of life-threatening fungal infections has increased dramatically in particular among patients with hampered immune function. Fungal infections cause around 1.5 million deaths annually, superior to malaria and tuberculosis. With respect to high toxicity, narrow spectrum of activity and drug resistance to current antifungals, there is an urgent need to discover novel leads from molecules of natural origin especially those derived from plants and microorgan- isms for antifungal drug discovery. Among antifungal drugs introduced into the clinic, those affecting ergosterol biosynthesis are still superior to other classes and the vital role of ergosterol in fungal growth and development. This review highlights current knowledge about available antifungal agents and further issues on antifungal drug discovery from compounds of nat- ural origin which affect ergosterol biosynthesis. Special attention is made to the fungal sterol C24-methyltransferase (SMT), a crucial enzyme in ergosterol biosynthesis pathway as a novel target for rational drug design.
Reducing urinary oxalate by simultaneous using Sankol herbal drop with oxalate-degrading bacteria
Authors: Afkari Rouhi , Bokaeian Mohammad , Dabiri Soroosh , Ghaznavi Habib , Taheri Mohsen , Heidari Tajabadi Fereshteh , Feizabadi Mohammad Mehdi
Published: January 2020

Background and Objectives: Oxalate degrading bacteria and herbal extracts are new strategy for reducing hyperoxaluria. In Iranian traditional medicine, Sankol oral drop is widely used as an antispasmodic drug to reduce stones from urinary tract. This study aimed to evaluate the synergistic effect of oxalate-degrading bacteria and Sankol oral drop in reducing urinary oxalate in rat model.
Materials and Methods: Several bacterial strains, including Lactobacillus (4), Bifidobacterium (2) and L. paracasei (2) (very strong in degrading oxalate in vitro) were used in this study. Male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups (n = 6). The rats of Group I received normal diet and drinking water + 60% ethanol (positive group). Groups II (negative group), III, IV, V, and VI rats received diet containing ethylene glycol (3%) for 30 days. Groups III rats received Sankol with minimum concentration (7.5 ml/kg/b.w), Group IV rats received Sankol with maximum concentration (9 ml/kg/b.w), Group V rats received Sankol with minimum concentration + probiotic, and Group VI rats received Sankol with maximum concentration
+ probiotic for 30 days.
Results: Treatment with Sankol (maximum concentration) and oxalate-degrading probiotic bacteria significantly reduced urinary oxalate (P = .0001). At the end of treatment period, rats in groups II (negative control) showed a high score of CaOx crystal, while rats in VI groups did not show any CaOx crystal.
Conclusion: This is the first study on the simultaneous use of Sankol herbal drop and oxalate-degrading probiotic bacteria that showed a significant reduction in urinary oxalate.
Antibiotic resistance pattern of Acinetobacter baumannii from burns patients: increase in prevalence of blaOXA-24-like and blaOXA-58-like genes
Authors: Tafreshi Niloofar , Babaeekhou Laleh , Ghane Maryam
Published: January 2020

Background and Objectives: Notwithstanding the increased prevalence of Acinetobacter baumannii drug-resistant isolates,
treatment options are progressively limiting. This study aims to provide a recent report on antibiotic susceptibility in burn
wound isolates of A. baumannii, and the importance of OXA beta-lactamases in carbapenem resistance.
Materials and Methods: The susceptibility levels to different antimicrobial categories were determined among 84 A. baumannii
isolates from burn wound infection between 2016 and 2018. Multiplex PCR was used to detect OXA beta-lactamases
genes, including blaOXA-51, blaOXA-23, blaOXA-24 and blaOXA-58. ISAba-1 association with blaOXA-51, blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-58 was
detected by PCR mapping.
Results: All the isolates were determined as multidrug-resistant (MDR) and 69% as extensively drug-resistant (XDR).
Different carbapenems MIC ranges (MIC50 and MIC90) were observed among the isolates harboring blaOXA-like genes and
isolates with the OXA-24-like enzyme showed higher carbapenems MIC ranges. The prevalence of blaOXA-51-like, blaOXA-23-like,
blaOXA-24-like and blaOXA-58-like were 100%, 53.57%, 41.66% and 30.95%, respectively. ISAba-1 insertion sequence was found
to be upstream to blaOXA-23-like and blaOXA-58-like genes in 23 out of 45 (71.1%) blaOXA-23-like-positive and 4 out of 23 (15.3)
blaOXA-58-like-positive isolates, respectively.
Conclusion: Resistance to carbapenems as the last resort for treatment of A. baumannii infections is growing. This study,
for the first time in Iran, has observed the increased frequency of blaOXA-24-like and blaOXA-58-like genes and found an association
between ISAba-1 and blaOXA-58-like gene, which signifies the possible risk of increased diversity in OXA beta-lactamases and
growth in carbapenem resistance
FREITAS, Luis Carlos de. A reforma empresarial da educação: nova direita, velhas ideias. São Paulo: Expressão Popular, 2018. 160 p.
Authors: Moreira Carlos José de Melo
Published: January 2020

Luiz Carlos de Freitas é um professor com profundos conhecimentos na área de história, política, economia, cultura e da educação nacional e internacional. Preocupado com a defesa da democracia e do direito à educação pública no Brasil, realizou várias pesquisas e publicou diversos artigos e livros científicos em sua produtiva carreira acadêmica. Nas últimas décadas, tornou-se um expoente radical no campo da política e da avaliação educacional, combatendo criticamente a esfinge das políticas neoliberais na educação pública, estandardizadas e antidemocráticas, que segregam, excluem e negam todas as diferenças sócio-histórico-culturais, tornando-se verdadeiras necropolíticas que objetivam a destruição da educação pública.
A (IN)SEGURANÇA SILENCIOSA NOS CÂMPUS UNIVERSITÁRIOS: estudo na Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro
Authors: Rodrigues Max André Antonio , Melo Daniela de Castro
Published: January 2020

A segurança pública é um dos principais problemas sociais do Brasil e incide em todas as esferas da sociedade, inclusive nas Universidades. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi realizar um diagnóstico da segurança institucional na Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro – UFTM com o intuito de desenvolver e implantar uma política de segurança na universidade. Trata-se de estudo de caso, com pesquisa bibliográfica, documental, entrevista e grupos focais. O diagnóstico evidenciou a insegurança silenciosa que a comunidade acadêmica da UFTM vive, com problemas estruturais e organizacionais.Os resultados mostraram a necessidade de desenvolver ações de intervenção relacionadas à segurança no entorno da universidade, implementação de câmeras de vigilância e de departamento de segurança institucional, termais vigilantes e melhorar o controle na entrada das unidades da universidade. Palavras-chave: Administração pública. Segurança universitária. Gestão de riscos. Segurança institucional.THE SILENT(IN) SECURITY IN UNIVERSITY CAMPS: study at Federal University of Triângulo MineiroAbstractPublic security is one of the main social problems in Brazil and affects all spheres of society, including universities. The objective of this research was to make a diagnosis of institutional security at the Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro -UFTM in order to develop and implement a security policy at the university. This is a case study, with bibliographic, documentary research, interview and focus groups. The diagnosis showed the silent insecurity that the UFTM academiccommunity lives with structural and organizational problems. The results showed the need to develop intervention actions related to security around the university, implementation of surveillance cameras and institutional security department, have more vigilantand improve control at the entrance of the university units.Keywords: Public administration. University security. Risk management. Institutional security.
EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA NO BRASIL: uma análise da experiência da UFMA do Maranhão
Authors: Bastos Josie Amaral , Lima Valéria Ferreira Santos Almada
Published: January 2020

O objetivo do artigo é apresentar os resultados de pesquisa direcionada a avaliar o processo de implementação da Política da Educação a Distância (EAD) no Ensino Superior, tendo como referência empírica a experiência do Núcleo de Educação a Distância (Nead) da UFMA nos municípios de São Luís e Humberto de Campos, com vistas a identificar a interferência de diferentes contextos socioeconômicos, culturais, políticos e institucionais na dinâmica de tal processo. Adota-se o método crítico dialético para apreender a EAD como fenômeno inserido na totalidade da sociedade capitalista contemporânea. Desenvolve-se uma pesquisa avaliativa tendo como objeto o processo de implementação da referida política, a partir da experiência dos municípios selecionados. Além de pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e análise de dados secundários adota-se como procedimentos metodológicos, na pesquisa empírica.Palavras-chave: Estado. Capital. Educação a Distância. Educação Superior. Universidade Federal do Maranhão.DISTANCE EDUCATION IN BRAZIL: a study about the experience of the Federal University of MaranhãoAbstractThe objective of the article is to present the results of the research directed to evaluate the process of implementation of the D.E Policy in Higher Education, having as an empirical reference the experience of the Distance Education Center (NEAD) - UFMA in the municipalities of São Luis and Humberto de Campos, with a view to identify the interference of different socioeconomic, cultural, political and institutional contexts in the dynamics of this process. The dialectical critical method is adopted to apprehend D.E as a phenomenon inserted in the broader of contemporary capitalist society. An evaluative research is developed having as object the process of implementation of the referred policy, from the experience of the selected municipalities. In addition to bibliographic, documentary and secondary data analysis, it is adopted the following methodological procedures in empirical research such as: focus groups involving policy beneficiaries and semi-structured interviews with managers, teachers and tutors of Nead and the studied poles.Keywords: State. Capital. Distance Education. Higher Education. Federal University of Maranhão.
ABORDAGENS INSTITUCIONALISTAS E AS CONTRIBUIÇÕES NA ANÁLISE DE POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS
Authors: Chechi Leticia Andrea , Grisa Cátia
Published: January 2020

As abordagens institucionalistas têm sido amplamente utilizadas nos estudos acadêmicos. Considerando a importância dessas abordagens também na análise das políticas públicas, este trabalho objetiva explorar seus conceitos e autores, propondo uma releitura no contexto das políticas públicas. O trabalho considera uma profícua aproximação das abordagens do neo-institucionalismo da escolha racional e da Nova Economia Institucional (NEI). Ainda, elementos comuns na discussão da velha economia institucional com o neo-institucionalismo sociológico e com o neo-institucionalismo histórico. Ressalta-se o potencial da utilização das abordagens institucionalistas na análise de políticas públicas, considerando a complexidade do processo de construção de políticas públicas e a influência da cultura, dos valores, dos interesses, dentre outros, nas diversas etapas do ciclo da política. Palavras-chave: Instituições. Políticas públicas. Institucionalismo.INSTITUTIONAL APPROACHES AND CONTRIBUTIONS IN PUBLIC POLICY ANALYSISAbstractThe institutionalist approaches have been widely used in academic studies. Considering the importance of these approaches in the analysis of public policies, this study aims to explore the concepts and authors, proposing a reinterpretation in the context of public policies. The paper considers a fruitful approximation of the approaches of new institutionalism of rationalchoice and the New Institutional Economics (NIE). Still, common elements in the old institutional economics discussion with the sociological neo-institutionalism, and the historical neo-institutionalism. It is emphasized the potential of institutionalist approaches in the analysis of public policies, considering the complexity of the construction process of public policies and theinfluence of culture, values, interests, among others at various stages of the policy cycle.Keywords: Institutions. Public policy. Institutionalism.
ANÁLISE BIBLIOMÉTRICA SOBRE POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS
Authors: Silva Fabio Freitas da , Nogueira Geísa Pereira Marcilio , Matias Ítalo de Oliveira , Matta Ludmila Gonçalves da , Shimoya Aldo
Published: January 2020

Este trabalho tem como objetivo mostrar a evolução do tema políticas públicas no contexto mundial e nacional por meio de uma análise bibliométrica. Faz um levantamento de indicadores mais gerais na avaliação global, como o histórico temporal das publicações e os países que mais debatem sobre o tema; enquanto na conjuntura brasileira traz indicadores mais específicos, tais como a rede de colaboração do Brasil com outros países e instituições. Os resultados mostraram que a primeira publicação sobre o tema estudado surgiu em 1909, no cenário mundial, e em 1987 no Brasil; os Estados Unidos destacaram-se na pesquisa com maior número de publicações. Apesar do desenvolvimento tardio na área de políticas públicas, o Brasil ocupa o quarto lugar no ranque mundial. Em relação às instituições, a USP concentra o maior volume de trabalhos publicados, no entanto, Estados Unidos ganha no todo.Palavras-chave: Bibliometria. Políticas Públicas. Indicadores.BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC POLICIESAbstractThis work aims at showing the evolution of the public policy theme in a national and worldwide context by means of a bibliometric analysis. More general indicators on the global assessment were proposed, such as the timeline of publications and countries that most debate the theme; while in the Brazilian conjuncture, more specific indicators were generated, such as the partnership network between Brazil and other countries and institutions. The main results showed that the first publication in the world about the theme under study was in 1909, while in Brazil it was in 1987. They also demonstrated thatthe United States stood out relating to the number of publications. Another question was that, despite the late development of the area of public policies, Brazil ranks fourth worldwide. Regarding institutions, Universidade de São Paulo-USP (Sao Paulo University) concentrates the largest amount of published works, however, the United States stands out as a whole.Keywords: Bibliometry. Public Policies. Indexes.
Intercultural Work Environment and Leadership Style
Authors: Strazovska Lubomira , Sulikova Rozalia
Published: January 2020

The global environment of organizations requires from management to respond promptly to the demands of a changing environment, both external and internal, requiring managers to continually develop their skills, especially in the area of soft skills. The current management of organizations, in an effort to make the most of their employees’ potential, seeks to promote an individual approach to their motivation, expresses an increased interest in employee satisfaction and loyalty, encourages employee involvement in achieving organization goals, seeks to apply W-L-B and more. This requires managers to have a high level of social skills and an appropriate leadership style that considers both the needs of the individual and his cultural background. Highly productive employees are the key to success for all organizations, they are the key to a competitive advantage in the global business world. At present, there is a strong pressure on organizations to behave in the spirit of corporate social responsibility both by senior staff and by the general public. Highly required is a style of leadership that honors basic ethical principles in any country. It should be stressed that there are still organizations that do not respect, for example, the need for ethical leadership, ethical decision-making at all levels of management and all employees. The aim of the paper is to point to preferred leadership styles especially in the younger generation, helping to increase their job satisfaction and productivity, as well as those of managers who will support this effort in a culturally diverse environment. In the submitted analysis of the topic selected scientific methods were applied such as e.g. a critical analysis and synthesis, comparison and deduction.
Mind the Culture Gap: A Cross-Cultural Analysis of Tourism Destination Websites in Austria and the United Kingdom
Authors: Rafetzeder Angelika
Published: January 2020

Websites of destination marketing organisations (DMO’s) are important tools to market tourism destinations to prospective visitors. They provide an abundance of information for tourists and help them plan their visit to the destination or find inspiration for an upcoming vacation. In many cases, website visitors come from other countries and cultures. In order to satisfy the needs of international website visitors, website providers would need to consider diverse cultural backgrounds and different languages when designing, implementing and maintaining a website. The main objective of this master thesis is to analyse the depiction of cultural values on DMO websites in Austria and the United Kingdom. It is then sought to compare them to the perceived cultural values of the respective host country by looking at Hofstede’s and Hall’s cultural frameworks. Moreover, it is aimed to provide a framework for tourism professionals and website developers who oversee and implement the creation of websites for tourism destinations. To establish the foundation of this thesis, an extensive literature review in the field of cross- cultural web design is provided with the aim to support the process of further developing a framework for the analysis of cultural values on the World Wide Web. Drawing on Hofstede’s dimensions and Hall’s high/low context theory this framework seeks to broaden the cross-cultural lens adopted by website providers. The content analysis is going to include 18 DMO websites that represent tourism destinations on three levels: Nations, provinces/countries and cities. The analysis is expected to shed light on website design in Austria and the United Kingdom and increase awareness towards the significance of localized cultural values. It should provide recommendations for professionals who are implementing websites for tourism destinations. Additionally, the study on Austrian and British websites can be of excellent value for tourism managers and destination marketers since both countries welcome many tourists each year.
The Performance Effect of Dynamic Capabilities in Servitizing Companies
Authors: Tempelmayr David , Ehrlinger Doris , Stadlmann Christian , Überwimmer Margarethe , Mang Stefan , Biedersberger Anna
Published: January 2020

As an increasing number of companies operates in international markets characterized by global competition, many traditional manufacturers augment their product offerings with services to gain competitive advantage. As servitization needs change throughout the company, many companies struggle on the transition from a product – to a service centric business model. The dynamic capabilities view analyses capabilities in changing environments and could therefore be an interesting theoretical lens for servitization research. Building on existing case research of dynamic capabilities in a servitization context, we analyze the impact of dynamic capabilities and especially of sensing, seizing and reconfiguration capabilities on firm performance in a servitization context. Additionally, we analyze the moderating role of environmental turbulence. The results, which are based on 206 manufacturing companies, show that dynamic capabilities are an essential factor for the performance of a firm in the context of servitization. We find a significant impact of sensing and reconfiguration on firm performance, whereas seizing has no significant impact. We fail to confirm a significant moderating impact of environmental turbulence, which indicates that dynamic capabilities are important in a servitization context indifferent of environmental turbulence. However, we find indication that reconfiguration is more important in relatively stable contexts, whereas sensing is more important in turbulent environments. We contribute to the literature on servitization and dynamic capabilities by creating evidence that dynamic capabilities have an impact on firm performance in a servitization context. This has practical implications as well: Managers in servitizing companies should assess their dynamic capabilities and should especially focus on reconfiguration in relatively stable environments and on sensing on turbulent environments.
Nowe oblicza konfliktu ról wśród młodych Polek i Polaków w świetle łączenia rodzicielstwa ze studiami i pracą zawodową
Authors: Mleczko Izabela , Pustułka Paula , Sarnowska Justyna , Buler Marta
Published: January 2020

Tematykę artykułu stanowi łączenie rodzicielstwa ze studiami i pracą zawodową, które jest wyjątkową egzemplifikacją współczesnego nakładania się ról i wyzwań wynikających z konfliktu doświadczanego przez młode osoby realizujące jednocześnie liczne, konkurencyjne względem siebie role społeczne. Jest to efekt wyłaniający się z szerszego kontekstu społecznego, w którym zdobywanie wykształcenia na poziomie wyższym jest coraz powszechniejsze wśród młodych Polek i Polaków, a w szeregach studentów nie brakuje rodziców i osób o ugruntowanej pozycji na rynku pracy. Bazą empiryczną artykułu jest materiał zebrany w badaniu jakościowym przeprowadzonym na przełomie 2017 i 2018 roku. Na potrzeby artykułu przeanalizowano 30 wywiadów z jednocześnie pracującymi i studiującymi rodzicami. Respondenci łączą lub łączyli pracę zawodową, zdobywanie dyplomu uczelni oraz wychowywanie dzieci w różnym wieku (od 0 do 15 lat). Zaprezentowane wyniki wskazują na występowanie konfliktu ról, jednocześnie pokazując zróżnicowanie i uzależnienie poczucia konfliktu od takich elementów jak płeć, wsparcie społeczne czy też instytucjonalne. Konflikt w tej analizie jest ściśle powiązany z koncepcją „chciwych instytucji”, jakimi są edukacja, rodzicielstwo i praca zawodowa. Widoczna jest również normalizacja łączenia tych trzech aspektów życia jednostki przy jednoczesnym poczuciu konieczności realizowania się na wszystkich polach.
Select clinical features in the craniofacial region in women with Turner syndrome
Authors: Frelich Jakub , Lepska Katarzyna , Jeż Wacław , Irzyniec Tomasz
Published: January 2020

WSTĘP:

Zespół Turnera (ZT) jest zaburzeniem chromosomalnym polegającym na obecności tylko jednego prawidłowego chromosomu X. Obejmuje on szeroki wachlarz chromosomalnych kariotypów i klinicznych fenotypów występujących także w obrębie twarzoczaszki.

CEL:

Celem jest przegląd piśmiennictwa dotyczącego typowych dla kobiet z ZT odchyleń od stanu prawidłowego
w badaniu podmiotowym i przedmiotowym w obrębie twarzoczaszki oraz występowania tych zmian w polskiej populacji kobiet z ZT o różnych kariotypach.

MATERIAŁ I METODY:

Dokonano przeglądu piśmiennictwa w bazie MEDLINE z lat 1989–2017 dotyczącego zmian
w obrębie twarzoczaszki u kobiet z ZT. Zbadano pomiary obwodów głowy i oceniono częstość występowania wybranych cech klinicznych zespołu Turnera w obszarze twarzoczaszki u 93 kobiet o kariotypie 45,X i 64 kobiet z pozostałymi kariotypami.

WYNIKI:

Obserwuje się istotne rozbieżności w piśmiennictwie odnośnie do częstości i nasilenia objawów ZT
w obszarze twarzoczaszki. Zwracają uwagę: częste występowanie retrognatyzmu, wysokie (gotyckie) podniebienie oraz informacje o trudnościach z karmieniem w dzieciństwie, ale również lepszy stan uzębienia kobiet z ZT niż w populacji ogólnej. Znamiennie większy obwód głowy kobiet z ZT z kariotypem 45,X niż u prezentujących pozostałe kariotypy, był jedynym parametrem znamiennie różnicującym grupy kobiet z ZT.

WNIOSKI:

1. Występowanie retrognatyzmu, wysokiego (gotyckiego) podniebienia oraz informacje o trudnościach
z karmieniem we wczesnym dzieciństwie mogłyby pełnić rolę objawów kluczy, sugerujących istnienie ZT. 2. Na podstawie analizy dostępnego piśmiennictwa oraz częstości występowania charakterystycznych dla zespołu Turnera anomalii w obszarze twarzoczaszki, stwierdzono, że nie da się ich powiązać z prezentowanym kariotypem.
Should weight loss in elderly people be recommended?
Authors: Pyka Beata , Zieleń-Zynek Iwona , Kowalska Joanna , Nowak Justyna , Będkowska-Szczepańska Agnieszka
Published: January 2020

W populacji osób starszych występują liczne choroby przewlekłe. Zmiany w układach organizmu związane z wiekiem, a także stany chorobowe mogą prowadzić do niedoborów żywieniowych i w konsekwencji wyniszczenia organizmu lub w wyniku zbyt dużej podaży energii i zmniejszonej aktywności fizycznej do nadmiernej masy ciała (nadwagi/otyłości). Zarówno wyniszczenie, jak i nadmierna masa ciała są wskaźnikami rokowniczymi. Autorzy omawiają w pracy występowanie nadmiernej masy ciała w kontekście paradoksu otyłości, wielochorobowości obserwowanej w tej grupie populacyjnej i zaleceń, co do dalszego postępowania w celu redukcji masy ciała.
THE CHARACTER DEVELOPMENT OF ‘BEN’ IN GIFTED HANDS: THE BEN CARSON'S STORY THROUGH ERIKSON'S PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY
Authors: AGM Cicilia Angelis , Miranti Ira , Dwiastuty Nina
Published: January 2020

This study aims to identify and provide a description of the development of the main character in the film Gifted Hands: The Ben Carson Story by Thomas Carter based on the approach of textual literary psychology through qualitative descriptive techniques, namely listening, observing, and copy-writing. Erikson's theory of psychological development, which reviews the development of the character influenced by those who are nearby becoming the focal point of the discussion - in terms of dialogue, action-reaction, and the situation depicted in the film. The findings in this study are four stages of character development from eight stages, namely school age, adolescence, early adulthood, and adulthood, at each stage, there are two elements namely dystonic (disruptive) and syntonic (harmony).
Rancang Bangun Sistem Monitoring Environment Area Tempat Tinggal Mahasiswa Berbasis Internet Of Things
Authors: Karisma Alfiana Intan
Published: January 2020

Pencemaran udara muncul menjadi masalah di kota-kota besar seperti pada kota Malang. Kota Malang dikenal sebagai kota Pendidikan, banyak mahasiswa dari luar kota yang menimba ilmu di kota ini. Bertambahnya penghuni maka peningkatan aktivitas manusia akan semain banyak dan menjadi salah satu penyebab pencemaran udara. Pencemaran udara mengandung gas-gas berbahaya seperti gas buang kendaraan bermotor dan asap pabrik, sehingga akan berdampak negatif bagi kesehatan manusia. Hal tersebut dapat diminimalisir dengan dibuat sebuah sistem monitoring lingkungan area tempat tinggal mahasiswa berbasis Internet Of Things (IoT) yang berada disekitar kampus UIN Malang.

Perancangan sistem ini bertujuan untuk memberi informasi tingkat kualitas udara yang berasal dari gas buang kendaraan bermotor dan aktivitas gerakan yang terekam disekitar lingkungan tempat tinggal mahasiswa dengan menggunakan teknologi IoT. Alat yang digunakan yaitu sensor MQ-7, Mikrokontroller NodeMCU dan kamera web. Sistem database menggunakan database MSQL dan informasi data berupa grafik dalam aplikasi berbasis web. Setiap sensor gas memiliki tingkat akurasi yang berbeda-beda, untuk mengukur keakuratan sensor MQ-7 menggunakan perhitungan dari rumus Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). Sensor MQ-7 memiliki nilai akurasi sebesar 58,9% dengan nilai kesalahan 41,1%.
Effect of Regional Government Characteristics of Financial Performance
Authors: Rusmita Sari
Published: January 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of regional government characteristics on the financial performance of district / city regional governments in West Kalimantan. This research uses multiple regression. The dependent variable used is the regional financial performance which is proxied from the level of efficiency while the independent variables used are total assets, regional expenditure, DAU, PAD, and leverage as indicators of local government characteristics. The findings of this study indicate that regional spending and dependency of district / city regional governments in West Kalimantan on central government have an influence on the financial performance of district / city governments in West Kalimantan, while government size, prosperity and leverage have no influence on the financial performance of district governments / city in West Kalimantan.