bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From Stories to Solutions: A Research Cycle Framework for Enhancing Trustworthiness in Studies of Online Patient Narratives (Preprint)
Authors: Lamprell Klay , Pulido Diana Fajardo , Arnolda Gaston , Easpaig Bróna Nic Giolla , Tran Yvonne , Braithwaite Jeffrey
Published: March 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Personal accounts of health care experiences posted to online platforms are a rich source of patient-reported data. Noninteractive narratives, published as one-off accounts, often describe an entire patient journey in one story, featuring transitions through health care settings from prediagnosis to outcome. These coherent perspectives may not be visible or captured in fragmented social media posts or episodic blogs. For researchers seeking patient-reported accounts of care quality across a clinical trajectory, noninteractive online narratives can be an invaluable, easily accessible resource. The challenges and limitations of research utilizing these data may differ from working with interactive patient narratives and include source transparency and credibility, limited or no information about authors, and ambiguity about the health care context and time frames. We outline a framework for addressing these issues in 5 key phases of the research cycle: the conceptual-theoretical approach; locating sources of data; accessing and collecting the data; quantitative profiling to establish demographics, health care events, and time frames; and qualitative analysis utilizing multiple modes of narrative inquiry. We explain the use of this framework in a real-world example: our study of 273 online patient narratives describing health care trajectories in early-onset bowel cancer.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/25056
Artificial Intelligence Based Chatbots as Professional Medical Consultants in Oral Surgery: Are they reliable? Comparative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Çiftçi Şişman Alanur , Acar Ahmet Hüseyin
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

With advances in artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, AI-based chatbots have become promising tools for generating medical information. Given their widespread use and easy accessibility, it is important to comprehensively evaluate the quality, accuracy, and safety of the information they produce to ensure their effectiveness as reliable sources in healthcare.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of the study is to examine the reliability of chatbots and their role as professional consultants.

METHODS

64 questions were generated, including systemic diseases and medications for which professional consultation is often requested and common conditions that may raise concerns during performing oral surgery. The questions were posed to ChatGPT 3,5 and Claude-instant at 2 sessions with 1 week interval. The answers were recorded and rated by 2 experienced oral surgeons by using 2 evaluation metrics: A modified DISCERN tool, a subset of the original, was used to evaluate the answers in terms of quality, and the Likert scale(LS) was used to evaluate the answers in terms of accuracy (6 point LS) and completeness (3 point LS). Statistical analyses, including intraclass correlation, Mann-Whitney U test, skewness and kurtosis coefficients calculations were conducted to assess and compare the performance of the chatbots.

RESULTS

In terms of intrarater agreement, ChatGPT demonstrated a high level of quality and accuracy in both sessions. Additionally, quality scores of ChatGPT was found statistically significantly higher than Claude instant.

CONCLUSIONS

The evaluated chatbots exhibited a remarkable capacity to generate valuable medical content. Our particular view is that, although they are currently insufficient to serve as a single source of information, AI-based chatbots will gain greater acceptance among healthcare professionals in the near future and can provide a quick solution to the high demand for medical care.
The Dissemination and Acceptance of Chinese Science Fiction Literature in Japan—A Case Study of the Japanese Translation of The Three-Body Problem
Authors: Wang Haojie
Published: March 2024

Liu Cixin’s “The Three-Body Problem” has received worldwide attention and brought Chinese science fiction into the vision of readers around the world. Among them, the Japanese translated version has been sold well all the way once it was released, becoming a new benchmark of Chinese science fiction literature in Japan. This paper focuses on the case of the dissemination and acceptance of the Three-Body Problem series in Japan, analyzes the reasons for its phenomenal dissemination effect, and explores the replicable and effective path for the dissemination of Chinese science fiction in Japan, with a view to providing references for the overseas dissemination of Chinese literature.
Musical Dedication—Willow
Authors: STEIN MADELYN
Published: March 2024

I had the privilege of knowing Dr. Janice Waldron for two and a half years during my undergraduate degree at the University of Windsor. Although I knew her for only a short period of time, she was such a force of nature and I feel so fortunate that I got to absorb some of her fairy dust before she continued her journey through the universe. I wrote this song titled “Willow” in honour of her joyful spirit and to remind myself of all the beautiful and meaningful things she taught me along the way. She always encouraged me to continue my journey with songwriting, therefore I believe this was the perfect way to pay tribute to her life and legacy. She was the most inspiring professor and mentor, and such a pivotal figure in my music education undergraduate degree. She was a fierce, yet compassionate and empathetic human being. I miss her dearly, but I know she watches over us every day.
Yetişkin Bireylerde E-Sağlık Mobil Uygulama Destekli Beslenme ve Egzersiz Programlarının Vücut Kompozisyonu ve Bazı Kan Parametreleri Üzerine Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: İzgi Tezcan Cansel , Suna Gürhan , Karabulak Aydın
Published: March 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, e-sağlık mobil uygulamaları üzerinden beslenme ve egzersiz danışmanlığı alan bireylerin vücut kompozisyonu ve bazı kan parametreleri üzerindeki etkinliğini belirlemektir.
Çalışma, herhangi bir kronik hastalığı olmayan 41,25±6,95 yaş aralığındaki 12 sedanter kadın birey üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. 8 haftalık bir müdahale süresi planlanmış ve uygulanmıştır. Bireylerin fiziksel aktivite düzeyi fiziksel aktivite saptama formu ile değerlendirilmiştir. Katılımcılar e-sağlık mobil uygulaması üzerinden diyet ve egzersiz programı desteği almıştır. Katılımcıların antropometrik ölçümleri, vücut ağırlığı ve bazı biyokimyasal parametreler analiz edilmiştir. Egzersiz ve beslenme desteği öncesi ve sonrası fark olup olmadığının belirlenmesi için veriler grup içi ‘Paired t testi’ kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmamızda p<0.05 istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edilmiştir.
Çalışmanın bulguları incelendiğinde, katılımcıların vücut ağırlığı, vücut kütle indeksi (BKİ), bel çevresi, kalça çevresi, bel/boy ve bel/kalça oranı değerlerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değişiklikler olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Ortalama olarak, bireylerin vücut ağırlığı 4,64±1,03 kg azalmıştır ve vücut ağırlığında %6,88'lik bir azalma saptanmıştır. Açlık plazma glikozu (APG) ve insülin değerlerinde anlamlı bir düşüş tespit edilirken (p<0,05), karaciğer enzimlerinden AST ve ALT değerlerinde anlamlı farklılık bulunmamıştır (p>0,05). Kan lipid profili incelendiğinde, trigliserid (TG) ve kolesterol sonuçlarında anlamlı farklılıklar olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0,05), ancak LDL-K ve HDL-K değerlerinde anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmemiştir (p>0,05). Serum elektrolitlerinde (sodyum, potasyum, kalsiyum, magnezyum, fosfor ve klor) anlamlı farklılıklar bulunmamıştır (p>0,05).
Sonuç olarak, e-sağlık mobil uygulamaları üzerinden verilen beslenme ve egzersiz programının, bireylerin vücut ağırlığı kaybı, antropometrik ölçümleri ve bazı kan parametreleri üzerinde etkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Ruled Shells of Conical Type on Elliptical Base
Authors: Krivoshapko Sergey N.
Published: March 2024

The information about main results on geometry of developable surfaces with an edge of regression which have a directrix ellipse in the base is gathered. These surfaces constitute a group called “Ruled surfaces of conical type on elliptical base”. This group includes elliptical cones, torses with two ellipses defined in the parallel planes, equal slope surfaces, and ruled surfaces with the main frame of three superellipses that are ellipses in one coordinate plane and broken straight lines in the other two coordinate planes. The paper presents a method for developing torses onto a plane, approximation of torses by folded surfaces, and parabolic ending of a thin sheet from elastic material into a torse shell. A brief review of the methods of stress-strain and buckling analysis of the considered ruled shells is given, including the displacement-based finite element method and variational energy method. It is shown that analytical methods can be used only in the case of applying the momentless shell theory for ruled thin shells of conical type. The analytical formulae for determining the normal and tangent internal forces in any momentless conic shell with a superellipse in the base are derived. References to forty four scientific articles of other authors, working or having worked on the subject of the paper are given. These references confirm the conclusions of the author and the perspectives of investigations of the considered ruled surfaces and shells.
Validez concurrente de la escala MMLTT de liderazgo conductual en directivos mexicanos
Authors: Lara-Ameca María Rosario , Reza-Morales Diana Elisabeth , García-Arreola Oscar , Hernández-Toledano Rosa Alejandra , Vega-Valero Cynthia Zaira , Ruíz-Méndez David
Published: March 2024

El modelo de liderazgo total y el uso del instrumento MLQ constituyen una de las formas más usadas estudiar el liderazgo a nivel mundial. Sin embargo, modelos como el de Jensen et al (2019) han criticado la forma en que se conceptualiza y se mide el liderazgo bajo esta postura. El objetivo de este estudio fue comprobar cuatro predicciones derivadas del modelo de Jensen et al (2019) en una muestra de líderes mexicanos (n = 100) con personal a cargo y con un año como mínimo en su puesto. Se aplicó el instrumento propuesto por Jensen et al (2019) (MMLTT) en conjunto con el MLQ-6s, en su versión validada al español. Los resultados indicaron que la dimensión de liderazgo transformacional, medida con el MMLTT, se correlacionó con todas las dimensiones de liderazgo transformacional medidas con el MLQ-6s. Finalmente, las dimensiones de liderazgo transaccional, medidas con el MMLTT, se correlacionaron con la dimensión de liderazgo transaccional medida con el MLQ-6s. Un algoritmo de aprendizaje no supervisado permitió agrupar a la muestra en tres grupos con estilos de liderazgo diferentes. Los resultados son discutidos en relación con su consistencia teórica con la propuesta de Jensen et al (2019) y con hallazgos previos en la literatura.
Aspek Keadilan Bagi Lingkungan Hidup dan Masyarakat Akibat Reklamasi Wilayah Pesisir
Authors: Wattimena Josina Augustina Yvone , Leatemia Wilshen
Published: March 2024

Reklamasi wilayah pesisir merupakan kegiatan yang marak terjadi hampir di seluruh wilayah Indonesia. Kegiatan ini menjadi solusi untuk menjawab permasalahan keterbatasan lahan daratan dan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pembangunan. Faktanya reklamasi yang dilakukan termasuk di wilayah pesisir kota Ambon, ternyata memberikan kerusakan terhadap ekosistem pesisir dan menimbulkan ancaman terhadap beberapa daerah pesisir di Kota Ambon, yang tentu saja secara langsung maupun tidak langsung berdampak bagi masyarakat yang bermukin pada wilayah pesisir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengetahui aspek keadilan bagi lingkungan hidup dan masyarakat akibat reklamasi wilayah pesisir kota Ambon. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan empiris. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan bahwa permasalahan reklamasi wilayah pesisir  sangat memberikan ketidakadilan bagi masyarakat wilayah pesisir  beserta lingkungan tempat berdiam mereka. Hukum yang dijadikan sarana pembaharuan untuk meningkatkan aspek kesejahteraan manusia dan menjaga serta melestarikan lingkungan hidup ternyata tidak dapat dijadikan sebagai instrument  hukum yang â€œpro rakyatâ€ dan â€œpro keadilanâ€. Sejatinya ketika mereka mengalami ekses akibat reklamasi, mereka harus diberikan kompensasi dang anti kerugian sebagai bentuk keadilan korektif sebagaimana disampaikan oleh Aritoteteles dan Thomas Hobbes
Ownership structures and corporate governance: A systematic analysis
Authors: Sabri Rabia , Tabash Mosab I. , Abousamak Ahmed , Daniel Linda Nalini , AsadUllah Muhammad
Published: March 2024

This study aimed to analyze the ownership structures and corporate governance. Good corporate governance helps companies become more efficient, improve access to finance, reduce risk, and avoid substandard governance (Kontogeorga et al., 2022; Mustafa & Morina, 2022; Prasad et al., 2022; Lapina et al., 2016; Raja & Kostyuk, 2015). The study has followed a qualitative research paradigm and systematic review protocol, specifically the PRISMA technique, and included 65 papers published in journals with impact factors during the timeline of 2010–2022, focusing on Europe, the Middle East, Asia, and the US by taking topics like time, article type, regions, topics, theory breakdown for ownership structure, theory breakdown for corporate governance, and research methods. It was found that most of the papers were published in 2022. The majority of the articles were empirical, and most were published in Europe. The mainstream papers were related to corporate governance. The theory used in the breakdown of ownership structure was the firm theory, while for corporate governance, the theory was the agency theory, and most of the articles utilized the analysis method. The study recommended that, despite significant research in this area, further research is still needed, especially in developed countries. Most research work is experimental and, and therefore, requires a substantial amount of conceptual work.
Pollen morphology of Norwegian hybrids of Sorbus L.
Authors: Andersen Heidi , Dhakal Nirmala , Parsian Hoda , Salvesen Per Harald , Bjune Anne
Published: March 2024

The genus Sorbus consists of small to medium-sized trees primarily found
in coastal areas, with three European hotspots for diversification:
Fennoscandia, South-East Europe, and Britain. Taxonomic classification
of Sorbus in Europe is still unresolved, and this study aims to address
this issue by examining the pollen morphology of different Sorbus
hybrids. Pollen morphology of 16 specimens from 13 species of Sorbus,
Aria and Hedlundia, some of which are common, while others are endemic
and listed as threatened species, were studied. Measurements of the
polar and equatorial axis of all pollen show that there are variations
in pollen size and shape among different hybrids, with correlation
between polyploidy levels and the width of the pollen. Surface
structures of pollen were observed using SEM. Principal Component
Analysis (PCA) was performed to analyze the pollen characters, and the
results show that it is possible to separate Aria from Sorbus and
Hedlundia based on the length of the pollen grain, while the number of
perforations is important for classification within Hedlundia. The study
concludes that pollen morphology can be a useful tool for distinguishing
between different Sorbus hybrids and can thus aid in understanding their
past distributions.
Spatiotemporal Evolution of Slow Slip Events at the Offshore Hikurangi Subduction Zone in 2019 using GNSS, InSAR, and seafloor geodetic data
Authors: Woods Katherine , Wallace Laura , Williams Charles A. , Hamling Ian James , Webb Spahr C , Ito Yoshihiro , Palmer Neville , Hino Ryota , Suzuki Syuichi , Savage Martha Kane , Warren-Smith Emily , Mochizuki Kimihiro
Published: March 2024

Detecting crustal deformation during transient deformation events at
offshore subduction zones remains challenging. The spatiotemporal
evolution of slow slip events (SSEs) on the offshore Hikurangi
subduction zone, New Zealand, during February–July 2019, is revealed
through a time-dependent inversion of onshore and offshore geodetic data
that also account for spatially varying elastic crustal properties. Our
model is constrained by seafloor pressure time series (as a proxy for
vertical seafloor deformation), onshore continuous Global Navigation
Satellite System (GNSS) data, and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture
Radar (InSAR) displacements. Large GNSS displacements onshore and uplift
of the seafloor (10-33 mm) require peak slip during the event of 150 to
>200 mm at 6-12 km depth offshore Hawkes Bay and Gisborne,
comparable to maximum slip observed during previous seafloor pressure
deployments at north Hikurangi. The onshore and offshore data reveal a
complex evolution of the SSE, over a period of months. Seafloor pressure
data indicates the slow slip may have persisted longer near the trench
than suggested by onshore GNSS stations in both the Gisborne and Hawkes
Bay regions. Seafloor pressure data also reveal up-dip migration of SSE
slip beneath Hawke Bay occurred over a period of a few weeks. The SSE
source region appears to coincide with locations of the March 1947 Mw
7.0–7.1 tsunami earthquake offshore Gisborne and estimated Great
earthquake rupture sources from paleoseismic investigations offshore
Hawkes Bay, suggesting that the shallow megathrust at north and central
Hikurangi is capable of both seismic and aseismic rupture.
Fe2+ partitioning in Al-free pyrolite: consequences for seismic velocities and heterogeneities
Authors: Zhuang Jingyi , Wentzcovitch Renata
Published: March 2024

Iron partitioning among the main lower mantle phases, bridgmanite (Bm)
and ferropericlase (Fp), has non-monotonic behavior owing to the
high-spin to low-spin crossover in ferrous iron (Fe2+) in Fp. Results of
previous studies of the iron partitioning coefficient between these
phases, KD, still have considerable uncertainty. Here, we investigate
the Fe2+ partitioning behavior using well-documented ab initio free
energy results plus new updates. Although we focus on Fe2+ only, we
describe the effect of this iron spin crossover (ISC) on KD and of the
latter on compositions and seismic velocities in a pyrolitic aggregate.
Our results suggest that its velocities are mainly affected by the ISC
and less so by the Fe2+ partitioning. In contrast, iron partitioning
manifests in thermally induced velocity heterogeneity ratios. Prediction
of the seismological parameter RS/P (∂lnVS/∂lnVP) including iron
partitioning effects resembles quantitatively RS/P’s inferred from
several tomographic studies down to 2,400 km depth.
Enhancing Learning Through Citizen Science: A Transformative Approach to Education
Authors: Veshal Issac
Published: March 2024

Citizen science, a collaborative approach to scientific research involving the public, has emerged as a transformative tool in education. Its inherent ability to engage learners in realworld experiences while contributing to scientific discovery has made it a valuable asset in classrooms. In this article, we delve into the realm of enhancing learning through citizen science, focusing on the captivating world of biodiversity exploration with a particular emphasis on 5th-grade students. Our journey takes us to the intersection of technology and nature, where iNaturalist, a powerful online platform, becomes the conduit for young learners to embark on outdoor educational adventures. Join us as we uncover the captivating potential of using iNaturalist to deepen understanding, spark curiosity, and foster a lifelong connection to the natural world for 5th graders.
Threshold effect on whole-cell catalysis of extra hyperviscous biosystem by a sealed oxygen supply biotechnology
Authors: XU Yong , Hua Xia , Hu YaTing , Han Jian , Zhang HongSheng , Zhou Xin
Published: March 2024

The end-product concentration and productivity are critical issues in
economic competition between biotechnological commercials and the
chemical engineering industry. The prominent contradiction between
high-titer products and the large-scale oxygen demand for aerobic
biocatalysis leads to hyperviscosity, mass transport bottleneck in
[dynamically changing](javascript:;) polyphase biosystems, and
severe foaming problems. In this study, an intensification strategy for
the whole-cell catalytic preparation of high-titer xylonic acid by
Gluconobacter oxydans in a sealed-compressed oxygen supply
bioreactor is propose. Multi-scale control factors are quantitatively
studied to determine the biochemical parameter thresholds, and
theoretically calculated the optimal production performance based on
threshold effect. Finally, 650.8 g/L xylonic acid is obtained with a
maximum productivity of 41.7 g/L/h with a catalytic performance of
95.8%, compared with the theoretical calculations. The intensification
strategy for the oxygen transfer threshold effect overcome the stubborn
obstacles of obligate aerobic catalysis, while providing a sustainable
value-added pathway for fermentative lignocellulose.
Seasonal Assessment of Biochemical Characteristics and Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) Retention Potential of Plant Species
Authors: Tripathi Durga Prasad , Nema Arvind Kumar
Published: March 2024

Plants play a crucial role in mitigating air pollution, which can be
evaluated by examining their biochemical characteristics, including
ascorbic acid, total chlorophyll content, pH, and relative water
content. These traits provide valuable insights into plants’ capacity to
counteract atmospheric pollutants. Moreover, combining air pollution
tolerance and Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) retention potentials
could lead to an adequate assessment of plant species for greenbelt
development. This study assessed biochemical characteristics and SPM
retention potential of six selected plant species (Ficus
benghalensis L, Ficus religiosa L, Polyalthia longifolia
(Sonn.) Thwaites, Azadirachta indica A.Juss, Ficus
benjamina L, and Bougainvillea glabra) at polluted (Okhla
Phase-2) and non-polluted (Siri Fort) sites in Delhi, India, during pre-
and post-monsoon. In addition, based on biochemical characteristics, the
Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) of selected plant species has been
calculated. Also, the impact of changes in independent variables such as
the relative water content, ascorbic acid, pH, and total chlorophyll
content on the APTI of different plant species was assessed using linear
regression. The study found that A.indica exhibited the highest
APTI of 9.43 and F.benghalensis the lowest APTI of 8.3 during
pre- and post-monsoon. Also, the maximum and minimum recorded values of
the total SPM adhesion on the leaves of F. benghalensis and
F. religiosa during pre- and post-monsoon were 1305.46
g/cm and 185.51 g/cm,
respectively. Additionally, in the statistical analysis, the highest
linear regression coefficient (R = 0.93) was observed
between ascorbic & total chlorophyll content with APTI, indicating a
substantial impact on the APTI calculation of these biochemical
parameters. This study demonstrated that plants with elevated
biochemical parameters, APTI, and SPM retention potential can
effectively reduce air pollutants from the atmosphere. These findings
highlight the importance of considering specific biochemical
characteristics and SPM retention potential when selecting plant species
for greenbelt development.
Aeolus winds improve Arctic weather prediction
Authors: Chou Chih Chun Gina , Kushner Paul J. , Mariani Zen
Published: March 2024

It has been proven that assimilating winds from the Aeolus global
Doppler wind lidar would enhance the predictive skill of weather
forecast models. In this study, we use a series of Observing System
Experiments to examine how operational winds and Aeolus winds impact
Environment and Climate Change Canada’s global forecast system over the
data-sparse Arctic region. Aeolus winds improve the tropospheric wind
and temperature forecasts by about 0.7 to 0.9% of error reduction (a
15-20% effect compared to the impact of operational wind products),
while having little impact on the specific humidity field. In
particular, Aeolus winds have an impact on forecasts of strong wind days
on the wind and temperature fields that is double the impact of the
forecasts of less intense wind days and provides a disproportionate
improvement to forecasts on these days compared to other operational
wind measurements. These findings suggest significant potential for
global doppler wind lidar observations to enhance severe-weather
prediction in polar regions.
Assessing the Sources of the O+ in the Plasma Sheet
Authors: Liao Jing , Kistler Lynn M. , Mouikis Christopher G. , Fuselier Stephen A. , Hedlund Marissa
Published: March 2024

To study the contributions of cusp outflow coming through the lobes and
nightside auroral outflow to the O+ in the plasma sheet, we performed a
statistical study of tailward streaming O+ in the lobes, the plasma
sheet boundary layer (PSBL) and the plasma sheet (PS), using MMS/HPCA
data. Similar spatial distributions demonstrate the entry of cusp-origin
O+ from the lobes to the plasma sheet through the PSBL. There is an
energy dependence in the lobe O+ spatial distribution, with low-energy
O+ streaming near the center in YGSM while high energy (1-3 keV) O+
streams near the flanks. Low energy (< 100 eV) O+ from the
nightside auroral oval can be identified in the near-Earth PSBL/PS with
high-density (> 0.03 cm-3), and energetic (> 3
keV) streaming O+ with similar density (~0.02 cm-3) is
seen further out on the duskside of the PSBL/PS. The rest of the
nightside auroral O+ in the PSBL is mixed with O+ coming in from the
lobe, and difficult to distinguish. We estimated the inflow and outflow
of ions in the plasma sheet between 7-17 RE, using data extracted from
previous studies and this work. Comparisons between the estimated
fluence suggest that the majority of near-Earth plasma sheet H+ are from
cusps and Earthward convection from the distant tail. The O+ in the same
region, on the other hand, has a mixed source, with auroral outflow
giving the highest contribution.
Hot or not? An evaluation of methods for identifying hot moments of nitrous oxide emissions from soils
Authors: Stuchiner Emily , Xu Jiacheng , Eddy William C , DeLucia Evan H , Yang Wendy H
Published: March 2024

Effectively quantifying hot moments of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions
from agricultural soils is critical for managing this potent greenhouse
gas. However, we are challenged by a lack of standard approaches for
identifying hot moments, including (1) determining thresholds above
which emissions are considered hot moments, and (2) considering seasonal
variation in the magnitude and frequency distribution of net N2O fluxes.
We used one year of hourly N2O flux measurements from 16 autochambers
that varied in flux magnitude and frequency distribution in a
conventionally tilled maize field in central Illinois, USA to compare
three approaches to identify hot moment thresholds: 4x the standard
deviation (SD) above the mean, 1.5x the interquartile range (IQR), and
isolation forest (IF) identification of anomalous values. We also
compared these approaches on seasonally subdivided data (early, late,
non-growing seasons) vs. the whole year. Our analyses of the datasets
revealed that 1.5x IQR method best identified N2O hot moments. In
contrast, the 4 SD method yielded hot moment threshold values too high,
and the IF method yielded threshold values too low, leading to missed
N2O hot moments or low net N2O fluxes mischaracterized as hot moments,
respectively. Furthermore, seasonally subdividing the dataset
facilitated identification of smaller hot moments in the late and
non-growing seasons when N2O hot moments were generally smaller, but it
also increased hot moment threshold values in the early growing season
when N2O hot moments were larger. Consequently, we recommend using the
1.5x IQR method on whole year datasets to identify N2O hot moments.
On Robustness of the Explanatory Power of Machine Learning Models
Authors: Panigrahi Banamali , Razavi Saman , Doig Lorne E , Cordell Blanchard , Gupta Hoshin V. , Liber Karsten
Published: March 2024

Machine learning (ML) is increasingly considered the solution to
environmental problems where only limited or no physico-chemical process
understanding is available. But when there is a need to provide support
for high-stake decisions, where the ability to explain possible
solutions is key to their acceptability and legitimacy, ML can come
short. Here, we develop a method, rooted in formal sensitivity analysis
(SA), that can detect the primary controls on the outputs of ML models.
Unlike many common methods for explainable artificial intelligence
(XAI), this method can account for complex multi-variate distributional
properties of the input-output data, commonly observed with
environmental systems. We apply this approach to a suite of ML models
that are developed to predict various water quality variables in a
pilot-scale experimental pit lake.

A critical finding is that subtle alterations in the design of an ML
model (such as variations in random seed for initialization, functional
class, hyperparameters, or data splitting) can lead to entirely
different representational interpretations of the dependence of the
outputs on explanatory inputs. Further, models based on different ML
families (decision trees, connectionists, or kernels) seem to focus on
different aspects of the information provided by data, although
displaying similar levels of predictive power. Overall, this underscores
the importance of employing ensembles of ML models when explanatory
power is sought. Not doing so may compromise the ability of the analysis
to deliver robust and reliable predictions, especially when generalizing
to conditions beyond the training data.
Change in Wind Renewable Energy Potential under Stratospheric Aerosol Injections
Authors: Baur Susanne , Sanderson Benjamin M , Séférian Roland , Terray Laurent
Published: March 2024

Wind renewable energy (WRE) is an essential component of the global
sustainable energy portfolio. Recently, there has been increasing
discussion on the potential supplementation of this conventional
mitigation portfolio with Solar Radiation Modification (SRM). However,
the impact of SRM on conventional mitigation measures has received
limited attention to date. In this study, we explore one part of this
impact, the potential effect of one type of SRM, Stratospheric Aerosol
Injections (SAI), on WRE. Using hourly output from the Earth System
Model CNRM-ESM2-1, we compare WRE potential under a medium emission
scenario (SSP245) and a high emission scenario (SSP585) with an SRM
scenario that has SSP585 baseline conditions and uses SAI to offset
warming to approximately SSP245 global warming levels. Our results
suggest that SAI may affect surface wind resources by modifying
large-scale circulation patterns, such as a significant poleward
jet-shift in the Southern Hemisphere. The modeled total global WRE
potential is negligibly reduced under SAI compared to the SSP-scenarios.
However, regional trends are highly variable, with large increases and
decreases in WRE potential frequently reaching up to 16 % across the
globe with SAI. This study highlights potential downstream effects of
SRM on climatic elements, such as wind patterns, and offers perspectives
on its implications for our mitigation efforts.
Experimental Investigation of CO2 Buoyant Flow Saturation: The Impact of Realistic Bedforms and Heterogeneous Wettability.
Authors: Ubillus Jose Eduardo , Ni Hailun , DiCarlo David
Published: March 2024

We produce realistic sedimentary formations consisting of ripple
deposits with varying grain size contrast and wettability in a
meter-scale slab chamber. Then, we conduct multiphase flow experiments
through these structures and measure the infiltration patterns,
capillary heterogeneity trapping, and overall trapping performance. When
we alter the ripple bedform architecture, variations in trapped
saturation and capillary heterogeneity trapping (10% to 20% increment)
are exhibited. Similar growth in trapping performance is also observed
when grain size contrast increases. Finally, wettability changes (water-
to oil-wet) can increase nonwetting saturation and capillary
heterogeneity trapping up to 5% and 10-20%, respectively. These
results emphasize the importance of correctly characterizing the impact
of small-scale heterogeneities and wettability changes.
Air Quality Estimation and Forecasting via Data Fusion with Uncertainty Quantification: Theoretical Framework and Preliminary Results
Authors: Malings Carl , Knowland K. Emma , Pavlovic Nathan , Coughlin Justin G. , Keller Christoph A. , Cohn Stephen E. , Martin Randall V
Published: March 2024

Integrating air quality information from models, satellites, and in-situ
monitors allows for both better estimation of air quality and better
quantification of uncertainties in this estimation. Uncertainty
quantification is important to appropriately convey confidence in these
estimates and forecasts to users who will base decisions on these.
Uncertainty quantification also allows tracing the value of information
provided by different data sources. This can identify gaps in the
monitoring network where additional data could further reduce
uncertainties. This paper presents a framework for data fusion with
uncertainty quantification, applicable to multiple air-quality-relevant
pollutants. Testing of this framework in the context of nitrogen dioxide
forecasting at sub-city scales shows promising results, with confidence
intervals typically encompassing the expected number of actual
measurements during cross-validation. The framework is now being
implemented into an online tool to support local air quality management
decision-making. Future work will also include the incorporation of
low-cost air sensor data and the quantification of uncertainty at
hyper-local scales.
Temperature Variability in Northeast China over the Past Two Millennia and Linkages with the Arctic Oscillation
Authors: Zhan Nan , Li Qi , Xie Manman , Wen Ruilin , Wang Luo , Hao RuiXia , Sun Chunqing , Zhang Guoping , Sun Qing , Chu Guoqiang
Published: March 2024

Temperature reconstruction over the past two millennia has created a
crucial database for global networks and for evaluating and predicting
global climate change. Here, we present a high-resolution
(~5-25 years) temperature reconstruction over the past
2000 years using branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers
(brGDGTs) from laminated sediments in a crater lake located in Northeast
China. The brGDGT-derived proxies accurately represented the
month-above-freezing temperatures (MAFT) within our study region. Our
temperature reconstruction exhibited distinct decadal-to-centennial
variability and showed rough correspondence with the AO/NAO index and
solar activity. Furthermore, the spectral analysis identified two
quasi-periodicities of 55-57 and 66-67 years within the MAFTs time
series at a 99% confidence level, suggesting possible associations with
solar activity. These findings imply that long-term temperature
variability in Northeast China is mainly regulated by a combination of
the AO, NAO, and solar activity.
The Impact of Social Trust, Social Network and Financial Innovation on the Financial Well-Being of Micro-Entrepreneurs in Malaysia: A Pilot Study
Authors: Mohd Hidzir Putri Aliah , Ismail Shafinar , Syed Nor Sharifah Heryati , Md Sahiq Aqilah Nadiah
Published: March 2024

This study aims to assess the reliability and validity of a questionnaire designed to measure the impact of social trust, social networks, and financial innovation on the financial well-being of micro-entrepreneurs in Malaysia. Employing a descriptive research design and a cross-sectional approach, data were collected from 140 micro-entrepreneurs, with the questionnaire serving as the primary research instrument. The findings reveal strong internal consistency within the factors under investigation, underscoring the robustness of the questionnaire. Additionally, insights into the demographic profile of micro-entrepreneurs offer a valuable understanding of their characteristics and operational dynamics. The implications of this study extend to policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers, providing actionable insights to support the sustainability and resilience of micro-entrepreneurs. Overall, this research contributes to advancing knowledge in the areas of social trust, social networks, and financial innovation concerning the financial well-being of micro-enterprises. It holds significant implications for fostering economic growth, reducing inequalities, and promoting inclusive development in Malaysia.
Does Integrated Report Quality Matter for Supplier Financing?
Authors: Bose Sudipta , Hossain Amir
Published: March 2024

This study examines the relationship between integrated report quality (IRQ) and supplier financing using 603 firm-year observations from firms listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) between 2011 and 2021. We find that IRQ has a positive association with supplier financing, indicating that firms with higher IRQ are more likely to attract increased supplier finance. This positive IRQ-supplier financing relationship is further intensified by lower information asymmetry, implying that firms’ information environment plays a pivotal role. Mediation analysis indicates that information asymmetry and creditworthiness serve as underlying channels through which IRQ affects supplier financing. The IRQ-supplier financing interaction is also found to increase firms’ value. The study’s findings are crucial for stakeholders, such as report preparers, regulators, policymakers, the IIRC, IASB, ISSB, and JSE. These findings highlight IRQ’s importance in enhancing supplier finance and indicate further steps to enhance IRQ for fostering financial stability and sustainable development worldwide.

Data Availability: All data are publicly available from the sources mentioned in the paper.

JEL Classifications: G32; M41; M42.
Novel Approach to Continuation of Elective Procedures in People at Risk for Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor–Associated Euglycemic Ketoacidosis
Authors: Verdone Matthew , Bauman Jonathan , Iversen Esben , Schulman-Rosenbaum Rifka , Antonacci Anthony , Leffe Sabatino , Simpson Joseph , Tobi Harris Yael , Marino Joseph
Published: March 2024

Diabetes is a common comorbidity among people undergoing elective procedures ranging from screening colonoscopies (1) to joint replacements (2). Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a relatively new class of diabetes pharmacotherapy that help to achieve glycemic control by inhibiting glucose reabsorption in renal tubules (3). The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved five SGLT2 inhibitors for type 2 diabetes to be used as stand-alone monotherapies or in combination with other pharmacotherapies (4).
Bürsten statt blasen. Innovative Applikationstechnik im Weinbau ohne Windunterstützung
Authors: Schmid Arno , Lardschneider Ewald , Holzknecht Elias Maria , Martinelli Julia , Haas Florian
Published: March 2024

Bei der Durchführung von Pflanzenschutzapplikationen ist es wichtig, die Wirkstoffe optimal auf der Zielfläche zu verteilen. Dies geschieht bei Raumkulturen wie der Rebe meist unter Zuhilfenahme von Gebläsetechnik. Dabei kann es zu verstärkter Abdrift kommen. Um diese zu verringern, wurde eine neuartige Verteilungstechnik für die Pflanzenschutzapplikation in Form von vertikal rotierenden Bürsten entwickelt. Um den Einfluss dieser beiden Verteilungsarten auf die Applikation zu untersuchen, wurden weiters Varianten ohne diese unterstützenden Maßnahmen eingebaut und getestet. Auf den Befall durch Plasmopara viticola hatten dabei alle Behandlungsvarianten die gleiche Wirkung. Sowohl die Unterstützung durch Gebläse sowie rotierende Bürsten erzielten keinen erhöhten Wirkungsgrad. Hinsichtlich Abdrift stellt die neuartige Behandlungstechnik sowohl mit als auch ohne Bürstrotation eine Verbesserung dar. Der Einsatz des Standardsprühgeräts ohne Gebläse trägt auch zu einer deutlichen Minimierung der Abdrift bei.
PROGRESSIVE INTERPRETATION OF THE QUR'AN IN TAFSIR AT-TANWIR: MUHAMMADIYAH'S COLLECTIVE IDENTITY ON ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
Authors: Tarman Al Faiz Muhammad Rabbany , Suparmun Arifah Cahyo Andini , Naska Isral
Published: March 2024

Tafsir At-Tanwir, the progressive interpretations in it cannot be separated from Muhammadiyah's collective identity. The logical consequence of efforts to understand the interpretations in Tafsir At-Tanwir, directly or indirectly, needs to understand Muhammadiyah's collective identity as a whole. Especially in research focused on environmental issues. This research is a library research using a qualitative approach. The research subject (formal object) is Tafsir At-Tanwir, while the research object (material object) is progressive interpretation that includes environmental discourse as researchers found in Tafsir At-Tanwir. While this research uses a descriptive-analytical type of research, in which it will describe and analyze Tafsir At-Tanwir in which it shows the progressive interpretation of the Qur'an on environmental discourse. This research uses collective identity theory to portray the progressive interpretation in At-Tanwir cannot be separated from Muhammadiyah. These interpretations have critical and creative nuances in responding to environmental problems that exist in contemporary times. Actually, the interpretation of At-Tanwir makes critical efforts towards current actual problems such as illegal logging, environmental pollution, exhaust emissions, which ultimately create global warming. Muhammadiyah's collective identity on environmental issues is divided into three points, namely Muhammadiyah's attitude towards environmental issues based on ideology, the characteristics of Islam Berkemajuan, and Muhammadiyah's attitude.
The effect of tobacco leaf extract dosage on the development of virus disease in curly chili
Authors: Haryuni  , Priyadi Sapto
Published: March 2024

Curly chili is a horticultural product with high nutritional value, greatly demanded as a distinctive complement or flavoring for dishes due to its unique taste and aroma. Despite the increasing demand for chilies, production has not followed suit, mainly due to disruption caused by viruses transmitted by Bemisia tabaci and Thrips sp. This study aimed to investigate the effect of tobacco extract on the growth and development of viral diseases in curly chili. Conducted at Kwangsang Village, Jumapolo District, Karanganyar Regency, from September to December 2021, the research was designed using a completely randomized block design, with treatment doses of tobacco extract at 0 mL/L, 1 mL/L, 2 mL/L, 3 mL/L, and 4 mL/L, labeled J0, J1, J2, J3, and J4, respectively. The results indicated that the variabels, i.e. plant height, number of leaves, number of fruits, and fruit weight per plant, were significantly affected by the tobacco extract. Similarly, the disease incidence and severity of viral infection were significantly influenced by the tobacco extract application. The yield decrease in curly chili was attributed to virus infection by Bemisia tabaci and Thrips sp., which caused chlorosis and mosaic symptoms on the leaves. Although the affected plants did not die, they experienced a yield reduction. The application of tobacco extract significantly reduced the percentage of incidence and severityof virus infection on curly chili. The highest disease incidence was 35.42% (J0) and disease severity was 70.92% (J0), while the lowest disease incidence was 14.58% (J4) and disease severity was 20.58% (J4).
Kapadokya Bölgesi’ndeki Fine-Dining Restoranların Tekrar Ziyaret Edilme Niyetlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Yılmaz Neşe , Yıldırım İrem , Deniz Gaye , Toker Murat
Published: March 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Kapadokya Bölgesi’nde faaliyet gösteren fine-dining restoran müşterilerinin tekrar ziyaret etme niyetleriyle ilişkili faktörleri incelemektir. Çalışmada fine-dining restoranları ziyaret eden müşterilerin Tripadvisor üzerindeki yorumları nitel araştırma yöntemiyle ele alınmıştır. Verilerin analizi için MAXQDA nitel veri analiz programı kullanılmış ve yorumlar içerik analizi yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Veri analizi sonucuna göre fine-dining restoranlarda müşteriler için en önemli dört ana tema yiyecek içecek, hizmet, atmosfer ve fiyat olmuştur. Çalışma kapsamında bu ana temalara ek olarak 22 adet alt tema elde edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonunda, bulguların sonuçları tartışılmış, çalışmanın literatüre katkısı belirtilerek geleceğe yönelik çalışmalara ve fine-dining restoranlarına yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur. Buna göre fine-dining restoranların özgün tarifler oluşturmaları, hizmet kalitesinden ödün vermemeleri, müşteriyle iletişimde iyi olmaları, doğru bilgi aktarımı konusunda personeli eğitmeleri önem taşımaktadır.
Exploring students' perceptions of bullying: a case study in a Malaysian higher education institution
Authors: Nik Sarina Nik Md Salleh , Nurhuda Khairil Annuar , Atirah Mohd Razli , Syahirah Shaharuddin , Mohamad Hidayah Ab Malik , Mohd Amiruddin Ibrahim , Wan Nor Azilawanie Tun Ismail , Hasrudy Tanjung , Mohd Sallehin Jusoh
Published: March 2024

Recognized as a significant source of trauma for adolescents, bullying necessitates an ecological framework to achieve a comprehensive understanding. Thus, this study pursued three main objectives: evaluating students' perceptions of bullying in a higher learning institution, analyzing influencing factors, and comparing perceptions between male and female students. To gather the required data, questionnaires were administered to a sample of students from an institution. Out of a total student population of 6190, 361 questionnaires were distributed, resulting in a 41% response rate. The results indicated a high perception of bullying occurrence. Peer pressure emerged as the most influential factor, obtaining the highest agreement with an average rating of 4.41, emphasizing its significance. The family factor ranked second at 4.07, while the individual factor received the lowest mean rating at 3.91. Meanwhile, no significant gender impact was observed. A key recommendation for future research is for students to proactively address bullying by reporting incidents, asserting their rights, and avoiding silence to prevent potential mental and physical health issues. Cultivating friendships is crucial, and parents should focus on bonding with their children to deter bullying. Boosting self-esteem is another vital measure to reduce the likelihood of becoming a target for bullies. Given the absence of gender-based distinctions in bullying, higher educational institutions should actively promote awareness about bullying for all students, regardless of gender.
Bartleby entre as duas mortes
Authors: Torres Leandro Rodrigues , Santos Paulo Henrique Raulino dos , Ponte Charles Albuquerque
Published: March 2024

Esta pesquisa faz uma análise da personagem Bartleby, do conto “Bartleby, o escriturário” (2012), escrito por Herman Melville. O foco é própria personagem e analisanda a partir da negatividade žižekiana situada entre a interpretação de Agamben (2015), Bartleby como o ser em potência, e a leitura patológica de Byung-Chul Han (2017). Esta análise considera que o escriturário é impedido de se configurar como sujeito por ser a pura subjetividade, de acordo com a teoria Lacaniana e, conforme Slavoj Žižek (2008; 2013; 2017), está no nível zero da humanidade. Assim, na diegese da obra, Bartleby é o Real sem a verdade Simbólica, sem uma estrutura de vida que possa ser organizada em uma narrativa. Sua experiência com o mundo não é traumática pela falta do embate entre o ideal do Eu e o Eu ideal. Na narrativa de Melville, o simbólico não mutila o Real, mas o Real mutila o simbólico.
Palavras-chave: Bartleby; Materialismo lacaniano; Giorgio Agambem; Slavoj Žižek.