bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A study to compare the effectiveness of core strengthening exercises for phase I and phase II of menstrual cycle in primary dysmenorrhea subjects
Authors: Zainab S , Nithyashree P. , Jumanah R , Kamalakannan M , Prathap Suganthirababu , Kumaresan A
Published: July 2021

Introduction and Aim:The common gynaecological problem among females found to be Dysmenorrhea, which is a cramping pain in the lower abdomen occurring at menstruation in the absence of any identifiable pelvic disease with a prevalence rate of 60%-90%. The consequences of primary dysmenorrhea affect quality of life (QOL) and limitations in daily activities as well as absenteeism. There is no open literature on which phase of the menstrual cycle is better to exercise in and is more effective. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of core strengthening exercises for Phase I and Phase II of menstrual cycle in primary dysmenorrhea subjects and find out which phase is best to exercise in.

 

Materials and Methods: A total of 150 subjects were selected using convenient sampling technique based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and randomly allotted into 2 groups (group A and group B)containing 75 subjects each. Group A (Phase I follicular phase)and group B (Phase II luteal phase) performed core strengthening exercise protocol for a duration of 3 menstrual cycles (12 weeks). Working ability, location, intensity, days of pain, dysmenorrhea (WaLIDD) score as well as EQ 5-D 5-L (Euroql5 dimension 5 level quality of life questionnaire) values were obtained before and after the intervention.

 

Results: An unpaired t-test of the post-test mean values of phase I and II groups show that there is a significant difference between the two groups(p-value<0.0001)

 

Conclusion: From the results,it can be concluded that there is a significant difference in effectiveness of core strengthening exercises between phase I and phase II and thus exercising in Phase I is most effective.
Lobular capillary haemangioma of nasal septum with remodelling of bony lateral wall
Authors: Deviprasad Dosemane , Pallavi Varshney , Pooja Suresh , Meera Niranjan Khadilkar
Published: July 2021

The diagnosis of intranasal masses can often be confusing due to the diversity of inflammatory and neoplastic lesions affecting the sinonasal tract, and the ambiguity of symptoms. Haemangiomas have been described in head and neck. However, uncommon findings such as bony remodelling and unusual clinical appearance of mass were noted in the present case. The description of such non-classical presentations is essential in deciding further management and preventing plausible hemodynamic imbalance.
Unusual case of Giardia lamblia causing eosinophilic ascites along with Plesiomonasshigelloides gastroenteritis
Authors: Mamatha Ballal , Vignesh Shetty , Manali Agarwal , Bhavna Nayal , Shashikiran Umakanth
Published: July 2021

A case report of a healthy, immunocompetent male,an international traveller from Germany who had visited India for a short trip,presented at our OPD with a history of loose stools, fever and abdominal pain,for two months. After thorough investigations, he was diagnosed to have an infection withGiardia lambliaacute gastroenteritis (AGE) along witheosinophilic ascites with peripheral eosinophilia, withassociatedPlesiomonasshigelloidesdiarrhoea. He was then treated with metronidazole and cotrimoxazole, which resulted in complete resolution of the symptoms.
A case series on pulmonary and tissue aspergillosis
Authors: Lokesh S , Prabha R , Pramodhini S , Easow J.M.
Published: July 2021

Aspergilli species cause opportunistic fungal infection in immunocompromised individuals. Invasive aspergillosis is a highly fatal opportunistic infection that accounts for amajor risk to immunocompromised patients. Among these species, A.fumigatus is the main opportunistic pathogen followed by A.niger and A.flavus. In immunocompetent individuals, the effective innate immunity eliminates theinhaled conidia and Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and aspergilloma are the only infections noted in them. Thus,A.fumigatus was considered for years to beainfirm pathogen. With increase in the number of immunosuppressed patients, however, there has been a marked increase in fatal invasive aspergillosis, which is now the widespread mold infection. In this case series, we have described four cases of aspergillosis. Male preponderance is seen, commonly seen in 4th to 5th decade, 3 out of 4 cases are immunocompromised having diabetes, chronic kidney disease, past history of tuberculosis and only one case was not associated with any comorbid illness. In case 4, the recurrence of polypoidalsinosis itself could be a risk factor causing erosion of nasal mucosa and chronic secretion.The morphological features of intraluminal lesions were of prognostic value. Most of the Aspergillosis patients had a good prognosis with early diagnosis and effective antifungal therapy.It can bedeadly if not diagnosed and treated properly.Very rarely aspergillosis may occur in immunocompetent individuals, which urged us to point outthese cases. With studies suggesting surging incidence and mortality rates, early diagnosis and treatment are paramount to upgrade patient survival.
DIAGNOSTIC EFFICACY OF RED BLOOD CELL INDICES IN DIAGNOSIS OF BETA THALASSEMIA TRAIT TAKING HAEMOGLOBIN ELECTROPHORESIS AS GOLD STANDARD
Authors: Rabbani Sahar , Farooq Muhammad , Naeem Samina , Uddin Nasir , Naeem Muhammad Abdul , Jabeen Shahneela
Published: July 2021

Objective: To determine the diagnostic efficacy of haematological indices for the diagnosis of beta thalassemia trait taking haemoglobin electrophoresis as a gold standard.

Study Design: Cross sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Haematology Combined Military Hospital Lahore, from Aug to Dec 2019.

Methodology: Two hundred and six anaemic patients 20-70 years of age of both genders were included in the study. Blood was collected from all the patients and complete blood count were generated through automated haematology analyser Sysmex KX-21. Based on the complete blood count parameters like mean cell volume, red blood cell count, red cell distribution width and mean cell haemoglobinthe haematological indices such as Mentzer, Ricerca, mean density of Hb/litre of blood, mean cell Hb density and red cell distributon width indices were calculated. The haemoglobin A2 band of >3.5% on haemoglobin electrophoresis was taken as cut off for Beta thalassemia trait.

Results: Out of the 206 blood samples analysed, 120 (58%) were labelled as Beta thalassemia trait after Hb electrophoresis and 86 cases had anemia due to other causes. Mentzer index established the highest sensitivity of 92.5% whereas RICERCA index established the highest specificity of 94.1%. Mentzer and red cell distribution width indexhad highest diagnostic efficacy value up to 90.3%.

Conclusion: We conclude that Mentzer and red cell distribution width index showed the highest diagnostic significance. The Mentzer index has the highest sensitivity whereas Ricerca index has the highest specificity. The red blood cell count, haemoglobin and mean cell volume.............
EVALUATION OF GERMICIDAL UV-C LIGHT FOR SURFACE DISINFECTION IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Fahim Qanita , Uddin Nasir , Hassan Najam Ul , Sabir Nargis , Tariq Anum , Bashir Ayesha , Ahmad Sarmad
Published: July 2021

Objective: To check the efficacy of 36-Watt Ultraviolet-C tube light, in terms of distance and time against medically important microorganisms (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Candida albicans and Aspergillus species).

Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.

Place and Duration of Study: Pathology department, Combined Military Hospital, Lahore Pakistan, from Jun to Sep 2020.

Methodology: ATCC control organisms of above mentioned bacteria, yeasts, and fungi were exposed to ultraviolet-C light for different times and distances to ascertain its germicidal effect. Two methods were selected, one in which micro-organisms inoculated plates were exposed to ultraviolet-C light and second in which McFarland suspensions of microorganisms were exposed before inoculation. Both the methods were compared. Observations were noted down after repeated performance of both the procedures.

Results: An exposure time of 15 minutes, mean ± SD (13.8 ± 10.1) at 1-foot distance was proved ideal for all the tested bacteria, but yeasts and fungi required >30 minutes, mean ± SD (17.5 ± 13.5) to be killed. Moreover, distance and time of exposure were found out to be directly proportional irrespective of microbial load. Greater the distance longer the ultraviolet C exposure was required.

Conclusion: Ultrviolet-C light 36-Watt can have efficient inactivation of bacterial, fungal and archaeal species up to 6 feet for >30 minutes exposure time. Ultraviolet-C light disinfection is best for areas like closed rooms, operation theatres, PCR Labs, and bio-safety cabinets keeping bio-safety guidelines in view.
ASSOCIATION OF ABO AND RH BLOOD GROUPS WITH COVID-19 PCR POSITIVE STATUS: A CASE CONTROL STUDY
Authors: Asif Shabana , Ahmed Aashi , Batool Aliya , Anwar Bushra , Gul Ambreen , Kayani Muslim
Published: July 2021

Objective: To determine association of ABO and Rh blood groups with COVID-19 RT-PCR positive status.

Study Design: Case control study.

Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Pathology, Margalla Hospital Taxila, from Apr 2020 to Dec 2020.

Methodology: The sample comprised of 436 cases and 500 controls. Out of 3936 RT-PCR done during the study duration, 436 RT-PCR positives were enrolled in study as cases. 500 age and gender matched controls were selected from same population. Study variables (age, gender, blood groups, RT-PCR result) were obtained from Hospital data (HIMS). Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25. Mean and SD was calculated for age. Frequencies were calculated for categorical variables. p-value calculated applying chi square test. Odds ratios calculated to determine association.

Results: The mean age of cases was 37.3 ± 16.3. Statistically significant association was observed between age, gender and COVID-19 RT-PCR positive status. B+ blood group was most frequent both among cases (35.4%) and controls (36.2%), followed by O+ and A+. However, no significant association was observed between blood groups and COVID-19 RTPCR positivity. Odds ratios calculated for blood group O and non - O (OR=0.95), A antigen (OR=0.97) and Rh factor (OR 0.93) among cases and controls showed week negative association. Whereas a weak positive association of B antigen + and B antigen - with PCR positivity (1.07) was observed between cases and controls.

Conclusion: Susceptibility to acquire COVID-19 infection is not associated with ABO and Rh blood groups according to this study.
POP KONTEMPORER REMAJA SEBAGAI MEDIA BAGI GENERASI MILENIAL
Authors: Nuriyah Nazilah
Published: July 2021

Komunikasi adalah proses penyampaian suatu informasi,atau pesan kepada seseorang yang akan  membekas pada jiwa tiap individunya,tentu komunikasi ini yang menjadi bagian penting dalam media dakwah.Media dakwah adalah alat yang digunakan sebagai perantara dalam mencapai tujuan dakwah.dalam menyampaikan pesan dan terhadap penerima dengan lebih memanfaatkan media untuk mencapai suatu keberhasilan,maka media ini menjadi sangat penting,terlebih pada era  zaman sekarang para remaja yang tidak lepas untuk bermain di social media. Fungsi media dakwah adalah sebagai perantara penyampaian pesan dalam kegiatan dakwah.Yang  bertujuan untuk mendukung aktivitas dakwah agar lebih efektif dan efisien dalam menyampaikan nilai-nilai  islam kepada remaja.Karena itu, tidak mungkin dakwah tersebut  sukses tanpa adanya media yang membantu mensukseskan kegiatan dakwah.Makin banyak menguasai media penggunaan media dalam kegiatan dakwah,maka semakin mengantar kepada keberhasilan dan kesuksesan dalam melaksanakan dakwah.Media yang digunakan untuk menyampaikan dakwah yakni media cetak,media elektronik, televisi, radio, majalah, tabloid, internet dan media lainnya. Akan tetapi kini yang lebih popular dan banyak digandrungi oleh remaja adalah media internet.Karena media internet ini yang mengungkap isu-isu kontemporer lalu dijadikannya sebagai materi dakwah agar tetap dalam nilai-nilai yang berada pada islam dan tidak ada kesesatan.Karena kecenderungan hidup manusia pada abad ini memiliki gaya hidup yang lebih mengandalkan pada hiburan,makanan,dn pakaian.jadi lebih mengandalkan hidup pada kenikmatan-kenikmatan yang bersifat praktis dn pragmatis menyenangkan,bisa dirasakan pada saat ini yang lebih positif. Sehingga mengabaikan aspek-aspek yang lebih bersifat substantive dan orientasi pada isi bukan bentuk. Dalam kontemporer ini remaja bisa menggunakan pop kontemporer untuk berdakwah agar para pembaca atau penonton tidak bosan dan tetap menambah ilmu mereka terhadap nilai-nilai islamnnya.
ANALISIS KOMUNIKASI TRANSENDENTAL DALAM RITUAL PURNAMA TILEM PADA MASYARAKAT HINDU DI DESA NGAROH PASURUAN
Authors: Elok Su’udatul Hasanah  , Nurma Yuwita
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Bagaimana analisis komunikasi transendental dalam ritual Purnama Tilem pada masyarakat Hindu di Desa Ngaroh Pasuruan. Komunikasi transendental dalam ritual Purnama Tilem menarik untuk diteliti mengingat komunikasi transendental dalam ritual Purnama Tilem ini jarang diangkat kedalam sebuah penelitian ilmiah khususnya dalam konteks Ilmu Komunikasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan perspektif pendekatan teori interaksionisme simbolik yang bertumpu pada 3 premis utama Bulmer yaitu makna, bahasa, pikiran. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa makna ritual Purnama Tilem dalam konsep Blumer merupakan bagian dari komunikasi transendental yang dapat menciptakan sebuah simbol sebagai jembatan untuk berinteraksi dengan Sang Hyang Widhi. Dalam konteks bahasa juga digunakan sebagai komunikasi verbal masyarakat Hindu di Desa Ngaroh Pasuruan untuk berinteraksi dengan Sang Hyang Widhi yang dituangkan dalam bentuk doa atau mantra. Terakhir yaitu dengan menggunakan konteks pikiran masyarakat dapat mengambil peran atau tindakan, dimana pengambilan peran tersebut merupakan kemampuan simbolis masyarakat Hindu di Desa Ngaroh Pasuruan untuk menempatkan diri dalam pelaksanaan ritual Purnama Tilem dan mengosangkan pikirannya akan duniawi sebagai bentuk simbolis bhakti puja masyarakat Hindu di Desa Ngaroh Pasuruan dengan Sang Hyang Widhi.
Agroecological justification of the use of sewage sludge as a bio-organic fertilizer in the cultivation of agricultural crops Ryazan
Authors:   ООО ", Saakian Alexander ,   БАЛАНС ПРОФИ"
Published: July 2021

One of the solutions to the environmental problem of the environment is the utilization of accumulations of sewage sludge from urban treatment facilities is their use as an organic fertilizer for agricultural crops. We conducted a study on this issue on gray forest soil when cultivating a vico-oat mixture. During the study period, there was a positive dynamics in the mofo-physiological indicators of plants and agrochemical indicators of the soil.It is proposed to conduct additional research on the development and improvement of the use of this bio-organic fertilizer. Keywords: SEWAGE SLUDGE, BIO-ORGANIC FERTILIZER, SOWING VETCH, SOWING OATS, GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
Evaluation of toll-like receptor 4 polymorphism in patients with hepatitis c virus-induced hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: O. Khalil Fatma , A. Rady Mohammed , A. Eissa Seham , M. Abd El Aziz Azza
Published: July 2021

Background: Liver related pathologies including Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is
a universal problem. Innate immunity receptors were accused in the etiopathogenesis
of HCC with many conflicts. TLR4 is one of pathogen recognition receptors involved in
the pathogenesis of many diseases and malignancies. TLR4 receptor polymorphisms
were investigated in HCV related morbidities along with inconclusive results
Objectives: to study the role of TLR4 rs 2149356 and rs 1927914 genotypes
polymorphisms in HCV related HCC development. Methodology: 200 Chronically
infected HCV patients were enrolled in this study. they were divided according to lab
and clinical data into 100 CHC group and 100 HCC patients who were compared to
health individual. The blood samples obtained were further proceed to full lab and
TLR4 genotyping by RFLP-PCR technique Results: GT genotype and T allele of
TLR4 rs 2149356 at 95% CI of 0.38 (0.21-0.70) was significantly increased in control
group than in HCC and CHC groups. At 0.32(0.17-0.63) TLR4 rs 1927914 C allele and
CT genotype was significantly increased in Controls than diseased groups while T
allele is significantly increased in HCC than control group. Conclusions: TLR4
genotypes may play a protective role against HCC development among chronic HCV
patients.
Relationship between Hepcidin and Iron Deficiency Anemia in Helicobacter pylori Infected Patients
Authors: G.A. Abass Mohamed , I. Zaher Tarik , A. Elnimr Sahar , Amal H.M. Atta Amal
Published: July 2021

Background: Helicobacter pylori may be associated with unexplained iron-deficiency
anemia (IDA). Hepcidin is an acute-phase reactant but its relation to H. pylori and IDA
has not been elucidated. Objective: to investigate serum hepcidin in H. pylori infected
patients and its role in IDA. Methodology: This study was performed on 70 patients
infected by Helicobacter pylori. They were divided into two groups, group A: 35 H.
pylori infected patients without iron deficiency anemia and group B: 35 H. pylori
infected patients with iron deficiency anemia. Serum hepcidin was measured by ELISA in
both groups while iron, ferritin and total iron binding capacity were estimated in group
B. Results: Serum hepcidin was significantly higher in patients with H. pylori infection
and iron deficiency anemia. However, non-significant correlation between hepcidin and
both iron and ferritin were found. Conclusion: Helicobacter pylori could modulate
serum hepcidin level in patients with iron deficiency anemia.
Memanfaatkan Tradisi Malam Satu Suro Untuk Mengomunikasikan Injil
Authors: Triastanti Deni , Objantoro Enggar
Published: July 2021

Malam Satu Suro is a Javanese tradition has the preserving the cultural heritage of their ancestors. This tradition is carried out by the activity of ngumbah keris, performance of wayang kulit all night long, slametan and grave pilgrimage. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative research by exploring the meaning of activities or concepts developed by the Javanese community. After obtaining this meaning, the author describes in accordance with the perspective of Christian values. The results of the discussion of this text are that through the malam satu suro tradition, the Javanese people seek or have the hope of receiving salvation, the tradition is carried out as an effort to unite with God and an effort to abandon worldly characteristics. Thus, the concept built by the Javanese community in this tradition contains Christian values that have been written in the Scriptures. AbstrakMalam satu suro merupakan tradisi masyarakat Jawa yang memiliki sisi melestarikan budaya warisan leluhur nenek moyang. Tradisi ini dilakukan dengan kegiatan ngumbah keris, pergelaran wayang kulit semalam suntuk, slametan dan ziarah kubur. Metode yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskripsi dengan menggali makna dari adanya kegiatan atau konsep yang dibangun oleh masyarakat Jawa. Setelah mendapatkan makna tersebut, penulis mendeskripsikan sesuai dengan perspektif nilai-nilai kristiani. Adapun hasil dari pembahasan teks ini yaitu bahwa melalui tradisi malam satu suro, masyarakat Jawa mencari atau memiliki harapan menerima keselamatan, tradisi dilakukan sebagai upaya bersatu dengan Allah serta upaya menanggalkan sifat-sifat keduniawian. Dengan demikian, konsep yang dibangun oleh masyarakat Jawa dalam tradisi tersebut, di dalamnya terkandung nilai-nilai kristiani yang sudah tertulis dalam Kitab Suci.
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT MULCHING MATERIALS, MANURES AND BIO-FERTILIZERS ON GROWTH AND YIELD PARAMETERS OF GARLIC (ALLIUM SATIVUM L.) VAR. AGRIFOUND PARVATI IN GARHWAL REGION OF UTTARAKHAND, INDIA
Authors: Kumar Rai Milan , Negi R.S.
Published: July 2021

In this study, the effects of different type of mulches viz., Green fern foliage, Mixed forest litter (Alnus nepalensis leaves and Rhododendron leaves), Dry walnut litter and without mulching (control), Manures viz., Goat manure and FYM, and bio-fertilizers namely Trichoderma asperellium, and Pseudomonas fluorescence on the growth and yield characters of garlic were observed in a field experiment. Mixed forest litter, FYM and Pseudomonas fluorescence and Mixed forest litter, FYM and Trichoderma asperellium increased the bulb yield and yield components, irrespective of their duration. The treatment Mixed forest litter, FYM and Pseudomonas fluorescence performed better than other treatment in respect of fresh weight of bulb, dry weight of bulb, fresh weight of individual clove, dry weight of individual clove, width of bulb, width of individual cloves and numbers of cloves per bulb. Mixed forest litter, FYM and Pseudomonas fluorescence is recommended for the garlic production based on better performance than the others and also for being cheaper and abundant in the nature
PHOTOSYNTHETIC PERFORMANCE INDICATORS OF VARIEGATED ALFALFA DEPENDING ON THE SOWING METHOD IN THE FOREST STEPPE OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION
Authors: Gushchina V.A. , Timoshkin O.A. , Volodkina G.N.
Published: July 2021

Undercrop cultivation of alfalfa is economically justified, since in the year of sowing, cover crops give a full harvest, and also one mowing of alfalfa for hay is carried out, moreover the special preparation of the soil for grasses is not re-quired. In the conditions of the Middle Volga region, the experiment was laid on leached chernozem in 2017 - 2019, where they studied the sowing of variegated alfalfa under the crops of spring wheat, barley, oats, harvested for grain and an-nual grasses - for green fodder, and studied the options for coverless sowing, where the weeds were mowed twice and the herbicide Pivot was applied at the beginning of alfalfa branching. The total biological yield is determined by the leaf area and its photosynthetic activity. Therefore, the purpose of the research is to determine the indicators of alfalfa photosynthetic activity for an objective as-sessment of the influence of cover crops on their forage productivity. It has been established that a more intensive increase in the assimilation surface of alfalfa in the first year of life to 31.6 and 30.6 thousand m2 /ha occurs on coverless sowing with the application of the Pivot herbicide and two-fold mowing of weeds. The dry matter yield was 2.1 and 2.0 t/ha, respectively. A decrease in the illumination of alfalfa plants sown under crops, where the leaf area did not exceed 13.0...15.3 thousand ? m2 / ha, slowed down the photosynthesis processes. Moreover, a more intensive growth of its photosynthetic organs was noted under the crop of barley, the cereal-legume mixture reduced the leaf area by 0.5 thousand m2 /ha, the pho-tosynthetic potential was 898...1051 thousand m2 day/ha.
DIATOM AND ITS EXPANDING RESEARCH HORIZON: A REVIEW
Authors: Anil Bongale Sanket , Gautam Shristy
Published: July 2021

Diatoms are the ubiquitous microalgae present all over the world. They are specialized organisms on the planet with the cell wall composed of opaline-silica ornamented with intricate and striked patterns. They are the most prominent as well as successful photosynthetic lower eukaryotes plays a vital role in light trapping. The cell wall nanostructured frustules enhance the light absorption capacity in the multi-layered materials applied as photoanodes. Frustules, the siliceous porous shells of diatoms possess architectures with considerable mechanical strength. Formation of bio-silica shells, optical and fluidic properties along with their flexibility to convert into various nanomaterials have been studied by different biologists, physicists and chemists respectively. In the process of energy generation, conversion and conservation, diatoms play very significant role. Solar fuel is also one of the emerging solutions for increasing future energy demands and to come across this requirement, photocatalysis with the help of diatom’s frustules is mostly preferred. Lipid production in diatoms becomes prior objective for biotechnologists also triggers the work in metabolic engineering since it can be act as an alternative to fossil fuels. Apart from these, the fields like wastewater management also use diatoms as a unique source. The present article inculcates the diverse usage of diatoms in the fields like nanotechnology, biotechnology, environment, biochemistry, biophysics, metabolic engineering and many more. Along with this, the prior focus is on the diatoms as a potential source of nanomaterials, bio-electrolyte and biofuel.
EFFECT OF COIR PITH COMPOST, BONE MEAL POWDER AND PANCHAGAVYA ON YIELD ATTRIBUTES, YIELD AND HARVEST INDEX OF BARNYARD MILLET cv. CO2 IN SANDY LOAM SOIL
Authors: Srinivasan S. , Mathana T. , Angayarkanni A. , Srinivasa perumal A.P.
Published: July 2021

A pot experiment was conducted at the Department of SS & AC, Annamalai University during February-May, 2019 to find out the effect of different organic nutrient sources on yield attributes and yield of barnyard millet (Echinochloa frumentacea (Roxb.) Link). Millets are still the principal sources of energy, protein, vitamins and minerals for millions of poorest people. Coir pith has been found to an effective substitute for natural peat. Bone meal is a mixture of finely and coarsely ground animal bones and slaughter-house waste products. Panchagavya is an organic formulation with a blend of five products obtained from cow i.e. milk, ghee, curd, dung and urine. The treatments of the experiment were : T1 – Control, T2 –100% RDF, T3 – Coir pith compost @ 10 t ha-1, T4 – Bone meal powder @ 1 t ha-1, T5 – Panchagavya @ 3 % (Foliar spray), T6 –T3 + T4 , T7 – T4 + T5 , T8 – T3 + T5 and T9 – T3 + T4 + T5 . The design of the experiment was completely randomized design (CRD). Among the treatments, application of 100 % RDF (N: P2 O5 : K2 O @ 40:30:50 kg ha-1) (T2 ) recorded the highest number of productive tillers pot-1 of 6.54, ear head plant-1 (4.50), ear head length of 10.11, ear head weight of 30.37 g. grain yield of 166.15 g and straw yield of 306.15 g pot-1. The treatment T2 was on par with T9 .
EFFECT OF COIR PITH COMPOST, BONE MEAL POWDER AND PANCHAGAVYA ON GROWTH, CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT AND DMP OF BARNYARD MILLET
Authors: Srinivasan S. , Mathana T. , Bhuvaneshwari R. , Srinivasa Perumal A. P.
Published: July 2021

To investigate the effect of different organic nutrient sources on growth, chlorophyll content and dry matter production of barnyard millet (Echinochloa frumentacea (Roxb.) Link) in sandy loam soil, a pot experiment was conducted at the Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Annamalai University during February-May, 2019. The weather at Annamalainagar was moderately warm with hot summer. The experiment was laid out in completely randomized block design (CRD) with nine treatments and three replications. The treatments of the study were T1– Control, T2 –100% RDF, T3 – Coir pith compost @ 10 t ha-1, T4 – Bone meal powder @ 1 t ha-1, T5 – Panchagavya @ 3 % (Foliar spray), T6 –T3 + T4, T7 – T4 + T5, T8 – T3 + T5 and T9 – T3 + T4 + T5. The results revealed that application of 100% RDF (N: P2O5: K2O @ 40:30:50 kg ha-1) (T2) recorded the highest plant height of 159.74 cm, number of leaves plant-1 (8.51), leaf area index (3.12), chlorophyll content (49.14) and dry matter production (472.30 g pot-1) at harvest stage. These were on par with T9 – CPC + BMP + PG.
VASCULAR PLANTS COLONIZATION OF THE HISTORICAL CITY OF AZEMMOUR, MOROCCO
Authors: Benharbit Meriem , Dahmani Jamila , Fassar Mohamed , Dabghi Aomar , Ziani Mohsine , Magri Najib , Belahbib Nadia
Published: July 2021

From its Portuguese period, the historical city of Azemmour, on the Oum Errabia River banks, still boasts several monuments, including an imposing fortified wall. Among the factors of degradation that threaten this wall, we are particularly interested in the plant’s action growing over this monument. The objective was to start by establishing a list of plant species colonizing the wall, then to deduce the potential effects that vegetation can have on the substrate. We carried out a systematic sampling in Azemmour. After sampling and identifying the plants, we established a list of 58 species, belonging to 26 families and 49genera. TheAsteraceae family is the most represented with 11 species, followed by Solanaceae with 6 species, Poaceae with 5 species and Amaranthaceae with 4 species. Depending on their life form category, these plant’s roots are more or less intense, which leads to the dismantling of the masonry, and ultimately threatens ruin. The many medicinal plants found in the area are also a source of pressure on the site as they are anarchically uprooted by users. Devegetation measures must be undertaken urgently by conservators to control the spread of these plants in order to preserve the historic heritage.
GENOTYPIC VARIATIONS IN SOME EGYPTIAN CLOVER (TRIFOLIUM ALEXANDRINUM L.) VARIETIES FOR FORAGE YIELD
Authors: Julian Cheptoo Kenduiywo , Monged Soliman Ahmed , A. Badawy Ramadan
Published: July 2021

The recent study’s objective was to detect variability in Egyptian multi-cut barseem genotypes via studying ten different commercial varieties regarding forage yield production during two successive winter seasons (2018/19 and 2019/20). These varieties, namely; Hartuor, Narmar, Sinai 2, Giza 6, Helaly, Gemiza, Serw1, Sakha 4, Khadrawy and Meskawi. Four cuttings were taken in each season. The analysis of variance in each season revealed that the mean squares due to berseem genotypes were significant for all studied traits. A wide range of variation was observed for plant height traits). Berseem varieties had fresh seasonal yield ranging from 114.70 to 137.72 and averaging 125.20 ton acre-1 in the first season. In the second season, the genotypes had a mean seasonal new yield of 146.89 with a range of 120.26 to 162.07 ton acre-1. Seasonal forage dry yield of the varieties ranged from 20.72 to 26.53 with a grand mean of 24.31 ton acre-1 in the first season, and it went from 25.10 to 29.84 with a great standard of 28.65 ton acre-1 in the 2nd season. Based on per se performance, the variety Khadrawy was identified for total fresh and dry forage yields. The values of PCV for different characters were higher than corresponding GCV values. Estimates of heritability were high for plant height at 3rd cut in the two seasons, plant height at the 1st and 2nd cuts, and seasonal dry yield in the second season. High heritability values coupled with high genetic advance were recorded for plant height at 2nd and 3rd cut in the two seasons, at 4th cut in the first season, and 1st cut in the second season. Genetic advance as percent of the mean (GAM) was found to be the highest for plant height at 1st cut in the second season (21.78 %) followed by seasonal dry yield in 2nd season (16.07 %).
EFFECT OF THE ROOTS OF ALGERIAN BUNIUM INCRASSATUM ON BIOLOGICAL, BIOCHEMICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF MATURE FEMALE RATS
Authors: Attoui Nawel , Berroukeche Farid , Guedri Kamilia , Toul Fethi
Published: July 2021

The present study’s objective was to evaluate the impact of Bunium incrassatum roots’ powder (Talghouda) as a dietary supplement on the evolution of biological, biochemical, and histological parameters in female Wistar rats. The animals were divided into two groups and given an orally standard diet supplemented with 15% of Bunium incrassatum roots powder, daily for 15 days. The obtained results showed that the roots of Bunium incrassatum induced an increase in the body and organs weight of Diet rats compared to the control, as well as effects on the biochemical parameters, characterized mainly by a significant increase in the glycaemia (+44.44%), triglyceride (+56.81%), cholesterol (+11.90%), LDL (+4.08%) and HDL (+11.53%)and a decrease in creatinine (-3.65%), TGO (-6.92%) and TGP (-58.73%). In the histological study of organs, the thyroid of diet rats revealed large thyroid follicles, the colloid of the follicles was more or less developed compared to the control rats. Through the obtained results, it can be concluded that a standard diet supplemented with 15% of Bunium incrassatum roots powder may have a positive effect on biological, biochemical, and histological parameters
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT BORON SOURCES AND LEVELS ON MACRO AND MICRONUTRIENT UPTAKE AND POST-HARVEST AVAILABILITY IN SALINE SODIC SOIL
Authors: Sathiyamurthi S. , Elayaraja D. , Gobi R. , Dhanasekaran K. , Ramya M.
Published: July 2021

The study was conducted to assess the effect of different boron sources and levels of macro and micronutrient uptake andpostharvest availability in saline sodic soil. Four levels of B (0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mg kg-1) was supplied through three different sources, namely borax, sodium octaborate and magnesium boro humate complex. A total of twelve treatment combinations were laidin factorial CRD design with three replications. Cotton var. LRA5166 was chosen as the test crop. The results revealed that application of 1.5 mg B kg-1 as magnesium boro humaterecorded the highest NPK uptake of 3.05, 0.99 and 2.55 g pot-1, respectively and the highest mean Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu uptake of 8.78, 13.69, 5.93 and 1.84 mg pot-1, respectively.The available NPK and other micronutrient status in post-harvest soil were invariably not influenced by the source and levels of the boron sources.
ETHNOBOTANICAL STUDY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS USED BY THE ETHNIC COMMUNITIES OF ALIPURDUAR DISTRICT OF WEST BENGAL, INDIA
Authors: Mandal Aninda , Roy Raju , Roy Kuheli , Choudhury Anindita , Islam Jarzis , Thakur Salman , Barman Sanchita , Dutta Asish , Sarkar Madhuchhanda , Debnath Ananta , Alam Rakhibul
Published: July 2021

Scientific documentation of traditional knowledge on ethnobotanical plants used by the ethnic people of Alipurduar district of West Bengal, India has been done by conducting field surveys during July 2018 to January 2020. With the help of pretested semi-structured questionnaires, knowledgeable ethnic people of the studied areas were interviewed to record their traditional knowledge on plants and their utilization for daily livelihood. The questionnaires covers various aspects (vernacular name(s), parts use, ethno medicinal uses, disease treated, mode of preparation, other uses, among others) of each and every plant species having ethnobotanical values. Standard methods for plant collection and herbarium techniques were followed and identification was done with the help of relevant sources. In the present survey, 84 plant species of 44 families have been documented. Asteraceae dominates (8 species) among the plant families. Based on growth habit, herb (35.71 %) dominates among plant types and were mostly collected from their natural habitat (58.33 %). A total of 143 ethnobotanical uses were recorded under 5 numbers of used categories, viz. ethnomedicine (EM), edible plant (EP), magico-religious (MR), ethno-veterinary (EV) and narcotic (N), of which all the plants (100.0 %) were used under ethno medicinal category. Altogether 77 types of common physical problems, grouped into 22 major problems were found to be treated by the herbal medicine. Leaves were found to be the dominant (40.91 %) plant part among others used for the preparation of medicine. In most of the cases medicines were prepared following extraction methodology (41.11 %) and were taken orally (62.64 %) or topically (36.36 %). Collected information clearly suggests that the ethnic people are largely dependent on plant species for their daily needs, especially for primary healthcare. Future research on these medicinal plants can lead to the discovery of unique phytochemical and newer drugs for the treatmen
DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF SOIL FUNGI ISOLATED FROM THE CABBAGE (BRASSICA OLERACEA VAR. CAPITATA) RHIZOSPHERE
Authors: Ahmad Khan Muneer , M. Khan Ashfaque , M. Khan Ashfaque
Published: July 2021

We have been working on the traditional way to discourse microscopic fungal population present in the rhizospheric soil of Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata). These fungi are crucial for the decomposition of organic carbon, cycling of nitrogen and phosphorus, and belowground carbon sequestration. Their role as parasite, saprophyte, mutualism and commensalism is also well established. The objective of this study was to analyze soil and determine the fungus genera from the rhizospheric soil of Cabbage from the area of Armpora, Binner, Chakloo, Janbazpora, Ladoora, Muslimabad, Nadihal and Punchatra villages which come under, Dist. Baramulla, Jammu and Kashmir. The Cabbage plant rhizospheric soil was obtained from various research locations marked from the said villages. Research method applied was a survey with the intent of soil sampling. The soil samples were taken from 1-10 cm deep soil for sampling purpose. The result recorded from soil samples were then analyzed descriptively and described based on their macro and micro morphology. Then, the collected fungus was identified by using identification manual for fungus. Fungi such as Aspergillus, Alternaria, Chaetomium, Cladosporium, Curvularia, Fusarium, Mortirella, Mucor, Nigrospora, Penicillium, Rhizoctonia, Phoma, Trichoderma, Verticillium and Sterilia mycelia were most frequently recorded.
IN-VIVO CONTROL OF FUSARIUM MONILIFORME CAUSING ROOT ROT OF JATROPHA THROUGH CHEMICAL AND AQUEOUS PLANT EXTRACTS
Authors: Muhammad Kolachi Meer , Hussain Wagan Khadim , Mithal Jiskani Absar , Nabi Sehto Ghulam , Mithal  Jiskani Muhammad , Ghanghro Muaaz
Published: July 2021

Jatropha (Jatropha curcas) is a plant of the Euphorbiaceae family that grows fast and able to be cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions. It is also known as Jamalghota and Jangli in different regions of the world and reported to be grown along with other crops such as wheat, sunflower, cluster bean, and pearl millet.Jatropha seeds were collected from the field of a project run by the Department of Agronomy, Sindh Agriculture University, Tando Jam. In the isolation process, seeds of jatropha were surface sterilized in a 5% bleach solution for 1-2 minutes to remove contamination.The experiment was carried in nursery bags to seethe effect of different doses of plant extracts on root rot of jatropha. The aqueous extract of different plant species was prepared by grinding freshly collected leaves of Neem, Ginger, Basil, Acasia, Garlic, Toothbrush plant, Eucalyptus, Giant milkweed, Mint, and Aloe vera separately. These extracts were then stained with a muslin cloth and a piqued solution was stored. Later it was used at the dose of 10ml, 20ml, and 30ml per bag containing disease-free (sterilized in soil sterilizer) soil. For comparison, two treatments (untreated, inoculated, and untreated, un-inoculated) bags were placed.The results of the experiment showed a significant growth of shoot length and weight in inoculated plants treated with the highest dose of Aliette, followed by Carbendazim, and Metalyxl+Mancozeb. Whereas minimum shoot length and weight was observed in control. Similarly, maximum root length and weight were recorded in plants treated with Aliette, followed by Carbendazim and Metalyxl+Mancozeb as compared to control.
EFFECT OF MATURITY STAGES AND SOLVENT POLARITY ON PHENOLIC CONTENT AND ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY OF GUAVA CULTIVARS
Authors: Shukla Surabhi , Kushwaha Radha , Singh Monika , Singh Jyotsana , Puranik Vinita , Kaur Devinder
Published: July 2021

Tropical fruits claim to have phenolic compounds that have been reported to possess strong antioxidant activity. The study investigatedantioxidant activity and total phenolic content of five Guava cultivars namely Allahabad Safeda, Allahabad Surkha, Lalit, Chittidar and Apple color harvested at three fruit ripening stages (unripe, semi-ripe and ripe) and extracted by four solvents (ethanol, methanol, acetone and water) with different polarities (50%, 70% and 100%).The findings suggest that guava cultivars with maturity stages and extracting solvent affected its phenolic content and antioxidant activity significantly. Pure solvents were inefficient extraction medium for antioxidants. Enhanced extraction yields were obtained from solvent containing higher water concentrations and 50% ethanol is a recommended solvent for extracting antioxidants compounds from guava fruit. High correlations between phenolic compositions and antioxidant activities of guava extracts were observed. The total phenolics and antioxidant capacity decreases as the ripening proceeds (unripe>semi-ripe>ripe) in all five cultivars.This study facilitates information on the total phenolic content and antioxidant capacities of guava cultivars which is an important commercial fruit. Results obtained showed that solvent polarities and ripening stages played the major role in extraction of ployphenolics from Guava. The significant declines in the levels of total phenolics and antioxidant capacity during fruit development suggest that the unripe fruits can also be taken for processing into nutraceutical foods.
INFLUENCE OF CONVENTIONAL AND NON-CONVENTIONAL ORGANIC SOURCES AND INDUSTRIAL REFUSE FOR YIELD AND QUALITY ATTRIBUTES OF RADISH
Authors: Venkatakrishnan D. , Arulkumar V. , Kamalakannan P. , Sathyaseelan V.
Published: July 2021

Radish is a unique root vegetable cultivated in India for its tender roots, consumed as a salad or cooked vegetable. The soil was collected from Vallampadugai, Chidambaram taluk farmer’s field having sandy loam soil texture, pH 7.0, EC 1.37 dSm-1, (textural class: Typic ustifluvents). A pot experiment was executed out in the pot culture yard of Annamalai University. Organic sources viz., FYM (12.5 and 25 t ha-1), non-conventional organic sources viz., household solid waste compost (12.5 and 25 t ha-1) and industrial refuse viz., rice hull ash (5 and 10 t ha -1) and bagasse ash (5 and 10 t ha-1) with 100% RDF and 75% RDF. There were 9 treatment combinations replicated thrice in CRD. The results showed that maximum root yield (845.9g pot-1) and shoot yield (501.9 g pot -1) were recorded in treatment, receiving 75% RDF + FYM @ 25 t ha-1 (T5). The highest chlorophyll content (1.38 mg g-1), total carbohydrates (4.76%), ascorbic acid (15.9 mg kg-1), and crude protein (0.85%) were registered in T5 (75% RDF+FYM @ 25 t ha-1)
AXENIC CULTURE OF PHILONOTIS FALCATA (HOOK.) MITT., AN ALTERNATIVE TO REDUCE THE IMPACT OF LARGE-SCALE COLLECTION FROM NATIVE HABITAT
Authors: Mathew Meenu , Mathew Abraham , N Sindu
Published: July 2021

Axenic culture of Philonotis falcata, collected from Idukki district of Kerala was established. Spores were surface sterilized in sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) and inoculated into half strength Hoagland’s Basal media of pH 6.0. The inoculated tubes were incubated at 25°C at 18h light, 6h dark cycle for 30 days. The protonema developed were transferred to 30 ml fresh half strength media in conical flasks with different pH and kinetin concentrations and incubated for 45 days. Gametophyte proliferation, growth pattern and photosynthetic pigment content were estimated. Among the various media composition, pH5.0 with 0.5 mg/L kinetin supported maximum bud proliferation and growth. Pigment production was higher at pH 6.0, 0.5 mg/L kinetin. There seem to have interaction between pH and kinetin in growth, biomass production and pigment production. TLC plate analysis revealed similar banding pattern between wild and in vitro plant metabolites, indicating the possibility of using axenic plants in extraction of bioactive compounds thereby reducing the impact of collection from native habitat
BIOPLASTIC PRODUCTION USING CORN STARCH WITH NATURAL FILLERS AND ITS SEM-EDS REPORT
Authors: Sharmila S. , Ravi Teja P. , Vijay Chandra Gangadhar Gupta D. , Kaviya Lakshmi P. , Kamalambigeswari R. , Jeyanthi Rebecca L.
Published: July 2021

Due to the negative environmental impacts of synthetic plastics, the development of biodegradable plastics for both industrial and commercial applications is essential today. Researchers have developed various starch-based composites for different applications. The present work investigates the corn starch based bio plastic with filler. Glycerol was used as a plasticizing agent. Different parameters such as elongation, solubility in different solvents such as chloroform, ethanol, water, diethyl ether and folding endurance were tested. Morphological characteristics of produced bio plastic was also analyzed by SEM-EDS. Results showed that the bio plastics were completely soluble in water and partially soluble in ethanol, diethyl ether and chloroform and it has only one folding ability. SEM report shows that the surface is homogenous and crystal formation is visible.
MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF BROWN SARSON (BRASSICA RAPA L. ) GENOTYPES FOR DUS TRAITS
Authors: Bano Tahmeena , A. Nagoo Shahina , Asif Iqbal Qureshi M. , Altaf Wani M. , Kumar Sanjay , Majeed Shabeena , Buhroo Z. I. , Ashraf Sabiha , Bashir Masarat , Dar Z. A.
Published: July 2021

Rapeseed and mustard , the two important oleriferous Brassicae grown in India play a magnanimous role in the national market of edible oils and meals. But the production of the crop is low due to a narrow genetic base. Much effort has been put to diversifying the oilseed breeding. The morphological characterization is the first step towards diversity analysis and conservation of plant genetic resources. A major challenge facing those involved in the testing of new plant varieties for Distinctness, Uniformity, and Stability (DUS) is the need to compare them against all those of ‘common knowledge. Protection of Plant varieties and Farmer’s Right Act insists on Distinctness, Uniformity, and Stability (DUS) characterization of new varieties and recommends the registration of varieties for any one specific novel character. On this backdrop, the present experiment was carried out to evaluate 54 Brassica rapa L. genotypes for DUS characterization under randomized complete block design ( RCBD) with three replication at the experimental farm of GPB, FoA SKUAST-K, Wadura during rabi 2019-2020. The results of the study revealed wide variation in various traits among different Brassica rapa genotypes L. The assessment of 54 genotypes for 09 traits revealed that all the traits were informative with respect to trait expression cum characterization. The different characters studied were having great impact for selection of superior genotypes for further breeding programmes. Hence, the diversity observed among the genotypes could be utilized for cultivar improvement and germplasm conservation programs aimed at improving productivity in Brassica rapaL
POTENTIAL ROLE OF CURCUMIN AS A TREATMENT OPTION FOR COVID-19: A REVIEW
Authors: Sadique Hussain Md
Published: July 2021

Severe Acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes CoV disease 2019 (COVID-19) which is presently a pandemic declared by world health organization. Treatment modalities for this disease are being explored. Curcumin the phytoconstituent of Curcuma longa, can be a potential treatment for COVID-19 because various findings suggest its therapeutic properties like antioxidant, antiemetic, antifatigue effects which can potentially manage symptoms and signs of COVID-19, also it has antiviral properties such as impeding the viral binding to host cell as well as replication. It has restrictive actions on viral protease as well and having inhibitory actions on pro-inflammatory cytokine molecules.Thus, it alleviates symptoms due to inflammation such as fibrosis and edema in pulmonary region. Broncho dilatory effects of curcumin as well as suppression of cough via acting on bradykinin thus curcumin can alleviate symptoms such as cough in COVID-19 sufferers. Curcumin also has preventive actionson Cardiovascular and renal damage due to COVID-19. All these potential activities suggest the possible use of curcumin in management of COVID-19. Clinical studies should be considered to explore the same. In this review we highlight the potential therapeutic effects of curcumin against COVID-19.