bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Destruction of legal relations in the field of parenthood: the current state of gender inequality of women according to the principle of “Father without a child” in the conditions of martial law, taking into account the circumstances of the latter’s stay
Authors: Gunko K. O. , Tinin D. G.
Published: February 2024

For centuries, the family has been viewed as a center of society with enormous influence. This is the place where the child first gets experience in the spheres of social, emotional and cognitive relations. The family is of fundamental importance for individuals who are part of it, as well as for society as a whole. To ensure the proper development of a child, not only appropriate living conditions are needed, but also the active presence of both parents. Each of them makes their own unique contributions to the child’s development.

However, the full-scale Russian military invasion led to a mass exodus of Ukrainians abroad, leaving many families separated and distant. The problems of families separated by war and emigration can be further complicated by the fact that men are geographically separated and deprived of the opportunity to actively participate in their child’s life. This can affect the parent-child bond, as well as the children’s health and well- being. The mentioned problems require a systematic approach and joint efforts on the part of the Ukrainian authorities, as well as public organizations and experts. Necessary measures include the development of programs for children who have moved abroad, support for parents in solving their problems and improved cooperation between countries to ensure the rights of children and families who find themselves in this difficult situation.

For parents who are in Ukraine and trying to establish contact and ensure visitation of their child, it is important to look for legal ways to protect their parental rights. This may include appeals to guardianship and guardianship authorities, as well as to the court with appropriate lawsuits.

In general, the family is an important element of society, and the support of families who find themselves in difficult conditions due to war and emigration is important to preserve their well-being and harmony.
A соmmercial secret. How can employer protect his secrets?
Authors: Odovichena Y. A. , Orlovskiy O. Y.
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the study of measures taken by the employer to prevent the disclosure of commercial secrets by the employee. Such measures should be characterized by efficiency, simplicity, manageability and be comprehensive. In particular, the procedure for implementing local acts at the enterprise is characterized, which contain an exhaustive list of information that constitutes a commercial secret and which are designed to maximally protect the employer from the “leakage” of information that is commercially valuable. Such acts include: Provisions on commercial secrecy, List of information constituting commercial secrets of the enterprise, Provisions on the permission system for access of enterprise employees and representatives of third-party organizations to information constituting commercial secrets of the enterprise, Instructions for the organization and management of document management at the enterprise, containing commercial secret. Also, the employer can demand from the employee a personal commitment not to disclose commercial secrets. It is necessary to observe the procedure for familiarizing the employee with the commercial secret and with the responsibility in case of its disclosure or use.

The article draws attention to the possibility of concluding non-disclosure agreements (NDA) with employees. The main conditions that can be included in such types of contracts are defined, as well as the responsibility for their violation.

It has been investigated that the labor legislation does not provide for any special procedure for holding the employee accountable for disclosing a commercial secret. Therefore, it is proposed to provide in the Labor Code of Ukraine the ground for termination of the employment contract “disclosure of the employer’s commercial secret, which became known to the employee in connection with the performance of his labor duties.” The fact of disclosure of a commercial secret should be established by an official investigation.

The article also analyzes the legal practice of holding employees accountable for the disclosure of trade secrets and notes the problem of proving a cause-and-effect relationship between the employee’s actions and the damage caused to the employer.
Ecosystem approaches in the practice of national enforcement
Authors: Petretska N. I.
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to current problems of ecology and enforcement. Ukraine is not a member of the EU, which makes it impossible to directly apply EU norms in national enforcement practice. However, having been ratified the Association Agreement between the European Union and the European Atomic Energy Community and their member states, of the one part, and Ukraine, of the other part is a full-fledged part of the national legal order, which outlines a range of key issues, in particular, the standards that appear before national legislation as a challenge to cooperation on environmental protection issues, and adaptation to EU legislation. The agreement envisages the strengthening of environmental protection activities through the improvement of the health care system, the preservation of natural resources, the improvement of economic and environmental protection efficiency, the integration of environmental policy into other areas of state policy, as well as the increase of the level of production thanks to modern technologies, which will have positive consequences for citizens and enterprises in Ukraine and the EU. As well as the issue of harmonization of legislation on environmental protection, including the implementation of the UNECE Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters (Aarhus Convention), which provides for the involvement of the public in the decision-making process on environmental issues and guarantees access to justice for person and public organizations when environmental legislation and/or provisions of the European Convention on Human Rights are violate.

The need to analyze domestic judicial practice on environmental legal relations in various jurisdictions is extremely urgent. The application of international ratified documents, in particular the Aarhus Convention, is precisely the source of law that, firstly, opens wide public access to appeal procedures; secondly, it is the legal basis for resolving disputes about compensation for damage to the environment; thirdly, it makes impossible the limited interpretation of the current national legislation of Ukraine, regarding the right to appeal to the court for the protection of an interest protected by law in the sphere of guaranteeing environmental safety; fourthly, guarantees the right to appeal to the court of an unlimited number of persons (can be exercised by citizens personally or jointly through the association of citizens), and the resolution of disputed environmental-legal relations, i.e. those are public; fifth, guarantees the subject of the law access to the court without discrimination based on his actual location or actual center of activity; sixth, it affects the formation of established legal practice in environmental disputes.
The concept of the proper method of protection when challenging the decisions of subjects of authority in administrative proceedings
Authors: Gorbalinsky V. V.
Published: February 2024

The article reveals the meaning of the concept of the proper method of protection when challenging the decisions of the subjects of authority in administrative proceedings. The article examines judicial practice regarding the selection and application of the proper method of legal protection, highlights the relationship between such categories as the proper method of legal protection and the effective method of legal protection. It is concluded that, when appealing against the decisions of the subjects of authority, the appropriate method of defense is one that does not contradict the law, corresponds to the circumstances of the case and the purpose of judicial protection, and is also effective in disputed legal relations and will lead to effective protection of the violated right, freedom or interest . It is substantiated that the proper method of protection must meet the following criteria: sufficiency, enforceability, not to violate the rights or interests of other persons, not to contradict the law. Attention is drawn to the fact that the provisions of the Constitution of Ukraine, the European Convention on Human Rights and the practice of the European Court of Human Rights are the basis for determining the appropriateness of the chosen method of protection in the aspect that it does not contradict the law and ensures effective protection of the rights, freedoms and interests of the person in the event of an appeal decisions of subjects of power. The article reveals that the courts, when assessing the appropriateness of the chosen method of protection when challenging the decisions of the subjects of power, must also determine its effectiveness at the same time. It is proved that the courts, evaluating the appropriateness of the method chosen by the plaintiff to protect the violated rights, freedoms and interests when appealing the decisions of the subjects of authority, must also determine whether this method is effective, choosing the appropriate and effective method of protection, the court must be guided by the rule of law and the principle proportionality, which means that the choice and application of the method of protection of rights, freedoms and interests when challenging the decisions of subjects of power must be justified, justified and proportionate to the offense. It is concluded that the court should not reject the claim only because the method of defense chosen by the plaintiff is not provided for by law. In such cases, the courts should proceed from the general principles of protection of rights, freedoms and interests set forth in the Constitution of Ukraine and the Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, the practice of the European Court of Human Rights.
Challenges and cooperation on the way of European integration in the sphere of customs affairs
Authors: Dorofeieva L. M. , Korneva T. V.
Published: February 2024

The bylaws of national legislation adopted during martial law and their application in the context of improvement and harmonization with EU legislation and fulfillment of the terms of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union in the field of customs affairs are analyzed in the article. Attention is focused on strengthening of customs cooperation with the EU countries, as well as developing the administrative, personnel, information and technical potential of the Customs Service of Ukraine and the urgency of overcoming and simplifying of the customs procedures for the movement of goods across the customs border of Ukraine during martial law. Taking into account the cross-border nature of the activities of the customs authorities of the EU member states, attention is focused on the procedures of using of the international agreements during customs control and customs procedures. Certain problems of the law enforcement activities of customs bodies in interaction with other state bodies on three relevant areas of functioning, in particular customs rules, settlement of customs payments, customs services and formalities, are singled out.

The peculiarities of law enforcement activity in the field of customs affairs are analyzed in detail, namely: its state-authority nature; implementation of law enforcement in a manner specifically provided for by legal norms on the basis of established procedures and in accordance with a clear procedural sequence. Certain areas of activity of state bodies for the restoration of Ukraine are considered, in particular, regarding the implementation of anti-corruption and institutional changes in the field of customs affairs. Considering the conditions of martial law, an attempt to delimit the powers of customs authorities and other state authorities in matters of customs affairs was made, and in the light of the activation of the processes of Ukraine’s accession to the EU, the possibilities of interaction with international partners in the field of ensuring the rights and freedoms of subjects of foreign economic activity were analyzed.

The conclusion is drawn on need to involve the customs service in the development of the plan of measures for the recovery and development of Ukraine in order to simplify for business the conditions for moving (importing) technical means, equipment, and products necessary for the reconstruction and the export of Ukrainian products across the customs border. Bearing in mind the study of the EU experience and the determination of the possibilities of its using in Ukraine, the main directions for improving the interaction of customs authorities with public organizations and business associations in the conditions of war and the perspective of European integration are outlined.
The need for police officers to use portable video recorders when responding to domestic violence situations
Authors: Korol K.
Published: February 2024

The article examines the use of portable video recorders by precinct police officers when responding to situations related to domestic violence.

Domestic violence is a very common problem that needs to be addressed by the National Police of Ukraine. The main tasks of the police in the field of combating domestic violence are: timely response and combating this type of offense, bringing offenders to legal responsibility, in accordance with current legislation. In our opinion, one of the unsolved problems that is not sufficiently studied in the legislation is the use of video recorders by precinct police officers when responding to various types of offenses, such as domestic violence.

The use of portable video recorders (portable video recording cameras) by precinct police officers is a practice that is becoming more common in many countries. These devices can have a significant impact on ensuring security, increasing accountability and transparency of police actions.

A study of judicial practice indicates a tendency that courts of various levels increasingly note the lack of sufficient evidence from precinct police officers, which would possibly confirm the legality of their decisions to issue an urgent restraining order. In fact, only the prohibition order itself, which briefly outlines the essence of the case, and the statement of the victim, as well as other materials regarding the administrative offense, is not enough for the courts. Also, the study of judicial practice indicates that there are frequent cases of appeals against the decisions of district police officers regarding the issuance of urgent orders, which indicates the need to improve the mechanism of implementing special measures in the field of combating domestic violence.
Certain aspects of exemption from serving a probationary sentence
Authors: Levchenko Yu.O.
Published: February 2024

The article examines certain aspects of the application to the convict of release from serving a probationary sentence. It is worth noting that recently there has been a tendency in the state to expand the scope of the application of punishment without deprivation of liberty as one of the directions of the criminal policy of our state. The author analyzes the criminal law, legislative and practical aspects of assigning supervision to persons released from serving a probationary sentence, and determines the strategic and tactical purpose of its implementation.

In the course of the study, the essence of exemption from serving a sentence with probation was determined, its purpose, and it was also clarified what grounds are sufficient and necessary for exemption from serving a sentence with probation.

The scientific positions of scientists who, in different years, studied “Exemption from serving a sentence with probation” from different positions were analyzed. It has been proven that among scientists who have studied the issue, there is no consensus regarding the legal nature and essence of such an institution as exemption from serving a sentence. The range of scientific positions starts from equating release from serving a sentence with probation and criminal punishment to the formation of an independent legal institution “Probation” in criminal legislation, which will provide for the legal grounds for the use of release from serving a sentence with probation and the consequences of applying this type of release from serving a sentence. Taking into account the assets of the modern science of criminal law, on the basis of the research results of such an institute, criminologists have given their own vision of the content of release from serving a sentence with probation.

In order to improve this institution, preventive measures can be developed and implemented, which relate to the problems of control over the execution of criminal punishment.
Investigation of criminal offenses related to traffic of virtual assets
Authors: Yatsyk T.P. , Shkelebei V.A.
Published: February 2024

The article analyzes the course of the investigation of criminal offenses related to the circulation of virtual assets, highlights the peculiarities of the investigation process of these offenses, defines the normative support that regulates this area, emphasizes the use of non-procedural form of special knowledge during the investigation of such criminal offenses, which provides significant advantages in eliminating flaws and detecting suspicious actions or financial violations related to virtual assets that may be the result of illegal actions, attention is focused on the importance of cooperation between state and law enforcement agencies during the investigation of criminal offenses related to the circulation of virtual assets, a list of law enforcement and state agencies that cooperate with each other during the investigation of criminal offenses of this type is presented, which include: State Financial Monitoring Service of Ukraine, National Agency of Ukraine for Identification, Search and Management of Assets Obtained from Corruption and Other Crimes (ARMA), State Tax Service of Ukraine, forms of cooperation between law enforcement agencies and the State Financial Monitoring Service during the investigation of this type of criminal offense are outlined: 1) obtaining generalized materials; 2) informing about suspicious transactions; 3) provision of typologies of suspicious transactions, a list of signs of illegal use (circulation) of virtual assets is presented, the understanding and analysis of which help law enforcement agencies in the fight against criminal offenses related to these assets: the specifics of virtual assets; operation and circulation of virtual assets; technical and informational characteristics of the cyberspace where virtual assets are exchanged, including the main exchange platforms, popular cryptocurrency exchanges, transaction information, etc., emphasis is placed on the need for systematic development of technologies and software to detect and investigate suspicious activity related to the circulation of virtual assets, it is proven that such developments can help increase the ability of law enforcement agencies to quickly detect, investigate and counter financial offenses related to circulation virtual assets, providing more effective monitoring and detection of illegal transactions with such assets.
Bullying - application of the ECHR practice
Authors: Denisyuk M.M.
Published: February 2024

This study is devoted to the problem of the existence of school bullying, as well as the analysis of the practice of the European Court of Human Rights related to it in the school sphere. The study of this direction is conditioned by the need to use the decision of the ECtHR in cases related to bullying in the school environment in Ukrainian judicial practice. The work reveals the interpretation of bullying and its legal definition. The signs and determinants (namely: causes and conditions) of school violence are described, as well as an understudied concept - the situation of bullying, which is necessary when considering this issue in court. In the course of the study, the criminological and constitutional aspects characteristic of bullying in the school environment were considered. The specifics of criminal liability for committing actions classified as bullying by participants in the educational process and a list of constitutional rights and freedoms that are violated by such actions are given. In order to properly disclose the research, the shortcomings that arise during the observance of human rights in the school sphere are considered. Data from 2019 to 2023 on the drawing up of administrative protocols on the commission of juvenile bullying prevention by the National Police of Ukraine, as well as sociological data conducted by us for this study in various regions on the presence and state of bullying in schools of Ukraine, are presented. The practice of considering cases of the European Court of Human Rights and their analysis regarding school violence is presented, as well as an illustrative case regarding the discrimination of children with special needs. Based on this, it was concluded that the practice of the European Court of Human Rights in the field of education plays a key role at the international level, the analysis of decisions is necessary to improve the legislative regulation of bullying in the school environment and is promising for countering this phenomenon.
Іmplementation of the constitutional right to education in the conditions of the legal regime of martial state
Authors: Shchebetun I.
Published: February 2024

The article analyze s the specifics of the implementation of the constitutional right to education in the conditions of the legal regime of martial law. The priorities of the activities of educational institutions in the conditions of armed aggression are defined. It is noted that the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine must ensure a balance between safety and the essential quality of education. It is emphasized that the challenge for the education system is the need to ensure international standards in this area and certain priorities regarding the implementation of the constitutional right to education, in particular, equal access to education; comprehensive support of employees and education seekers, who defend our country with weapons in their hands; guaranteeing safe learning and working conditions for all participants in the educational process; ensuring sustainability of education, in particular for those students who, due to full-scale military aggression, are abroad, are in temporarily occupied territories or are internally displaced persons.

The peculiarities of the implementation of preschool, general secondary, professional (vocational), professional pre-higher and higher education in the context of the implementation of the constitutional right to education and the implementation of the provisions of Article 53 of the Constitution of Ukraine in the conditions of the legal regime of martial law are characterized.

The problems of education during the period of the legal regime of martial law are defined and the need to continue to take as many measures as possible to ensure the constitutional right to education is emphasized, since education is extremely important for the development of humanity and the future of the state directly depends on the level of development, abilities, talents, culture and consciousness of future generations.
Pueblos originarios y fósiles en el sur de Sudamérica: Una historia de gigantes, dioses y caracoles
Authors: Agnolín Federico , Agnolín Agustín M.
Published: February 2024

Los fósiles forman una parte (en algunos casos de relativa importancia) de la cultura popular. La relación entre las personas no especialistas y los fósiles son llamadas “paleontología popular” o “folclore paleontológico” y son abordadas por disciplinas conocida como Paleontología Cultural y Etnopaleontología. Si bien se tiene poca evidencia acerca de la utilización de fósiles por pueblos de gran antigüedad, es sabido que desde antigua data que existe una relación profunda entre los restos fósiles y diversas comunidades. En América del Sur (al igual de lo que ha ocurrido en gran parte del continente americano), la relación entre los pobladores locales y los fósiles no ha sido considerada como relevante por la gran mayoría de los autores, y consecuentemente, es muy poca la documentación que tenemos en nuestro territorio sobre dicha relación. Debido a este desinterés, el fenómeno ha permanecido poco analizado en Argentina, en particular en Patagonia, donde existen pocos trabajos  sobre el tema, en muchos casos conteniendo información errónea. Particularmente en Patagonia, donde los restos fósiles, especialmente de dinosaurios, son formas que sobresalen en el paisaje y consecuentemente, son bien conocidos por los pobladores locales. En el presente trabajo hemos intentado compilar la mayor cantidad de datos disponibles sobre la relación entre fósiles y comunidades locales, incluyendo datos etnográficos y arqueológicos propios y tomados de autores previos, con especial foco en la región patagónica.
Didactical Analysis of Mathematical Literacy Skills to Identify Learning Obstacles on Space and Shape Content
Authors: Kardila  , Suharti  , Husna Asmaul , Mardiana  , Ulpa Maria
Published: February 2024

Mathematical literacy can be defined as the ability to understand and use mathematics in various contexts to solve problems, geometry is a lesson that can still make students experience learning obstacles or called learning obstacles. The purpose of the study was to identify learning obstacles and didactically analyze students' mathematical literacy on space and shape content. This research uses a qualitative method, incorporating the dedactical design model (Didactical Design Research). The qualitative method consists of interviews, observations, and documentation studies.  The instruments used were interview guidelines and observation guidelines. Meanwhile, the dedactical design consists of: 1) prospective analysis (before learning) 2) metapedactic analysis and 3) retrospective analysis (combined results of prospective and metapedactic analysis). The research subjects were 6 students who were selected by purposive sampling. Based on the dedactical design, the researcher only reached the prospective stage. Based on the results of research on students' mathematical literacy skills in solving PISA questions on space and shape content, namely on the three subjects showing different results.  Based on the written test results, AD and AL subjects have high mathematical literacy skills. then JU subjects have moderate literacy skills. And subjects NF, RI and MA have low mathematical literacy skills. So that from these three subjects it can be said that the students' mathematical literacy skills are still low. Efforts that can be made based on learning obstacles are that students are guided and familiarized when given problems to solve by starting to write what is known and what is asked in the given problem, linking to real-world concepts, expressing arguments in solving problems, developing strategies, using symbols, mathematical tools, and making conclusions of mathematical solutions.
PERANAN PROGRAM TADARUS AL-QUR’AN DALAM MENANAMKAN MINAT BACA AL-QUR’AN PESERTA DIDIK DI MAN 1 POLEWALI MANDAR
Authors: Ruhaya Besse , Baharuddin  , Muhammad Lutfi
Published: February 2024

This study aims to find out and describe: 1) The interest in reading the Qur'an of students in MAN 1 Polewali Mandar. 2) The function of the tadarus al-Qur'an program is to instill interest in reading the Qur'an for students at MAN 1 Polewali Mandar. 3) Supporting and inhibiting factors of the Qur'an tadarus program in instilling interest in reading the Qur'an of students at MAN 1 Polewali Mandar. This type of research is field research with a qualitative approach and descriptive method located at MAN 1 Polewali Mandar. The primary data sources of this study were the Deputy Head of Madrasah for Student Affairs (key informant) and two teachers and five students (additional informant). Secondary data sources of this research are books, journals and the internet. The data collection methods used are observation, interview and documentation methods. Analysis of research data by data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of this study found that the interest in reading the Qur'an of students at MAN 1 Polewali Mandar was quite high. The supporting factors are good cooperation between all parties in MAN 1 Polewali Mandar, support and encouragement from parents of students, quality human resource conditions and adequate facilities and infrastructureThe function of the Qur'an tadarus program is to form the habit of reading the Qur'an in students, so that in students there is an interest in reading the Qur'an. Inhibiting factors are the number of students who are very large and diverse, the place of implementation of the Qur'an tadarus program which is outdoors so that it is often hampered when it rains and the awareness of parents who are still lacking in giving examples to their children about reading the Qur'an
IMPLEMENTASI PROJEK PENGUATAN PROFIL PELAJAR PANCASILA DAN PROFIL PELAJAR RAHMATAN LIL’ALAMIN DI SMA NEGERI 2 MUARA BADAK
Authors: Muhammad Firmansyah  , Muhammad Nasir  , Abu Bakar Idham Madani
Published: February 2024

This study aims to analyze and implement projects that support the strengthening of student profiles in aspects of Pancasila and Rahmatan Lil'alamin at SMA Negeri 2 Muara Badak. The projects involve Suara Demokrasi through the Election of Student Council Chair, Entrepreneurship with a focus on exploring the potential of the region through entrepreneurship, and Sustainable Lifestyle to realize plastic-free through the use of eco-bricks.
THE VALIDITY OF E-MODULE TEACHING MATERIALS IN APPLIED MATHEMATICS COURSES
Authors: Halik Fitriani , Bonitalia  , Suardi  , Saiful Nur , Sulaiman Najmawati
Published: February 2024

This research is a type of research and development that aims to determine the validity of e-module teaching materials in applied mathematics courses for students. This research includes referring to the 4D development model which consists of several phases, namely the stages of defining, designing, developing, and disseminating. The product developed is in the form of e-module teaching materials in applied mathematics courses. The test subjects in this study were graphic engineering students at the State Polytechnic of Creative Media Makassar. The instrument used in this study was a validation sheet consisting of two validators from design experts and materials experts. Based on the results of the research that has been done, an analysis of the validation results: (1) graphic validity, namely 4.7 is in the very valid category; (2) language validity, which is 4.9, is in the very valid category; (3) construct validity is 4.9 is in the very valid category; and (4) e-module presentation that is 4.7, is in the very valid category so that the average value of all aspects is 4.8 which is in the very valid category. So that it can mean that the e-module teaching materials in applied mathematics courses that have been developed are declared valid to be used as teaching materials in the learning process.
Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Livelihood Assets of Smallholder Agroforestry Farmers in Selected Upland Farming Communities in the Philippines
Authors: Landicho Leila , Laruan Kenneth A. , Abadillos Mary Anne G. , Pascua Romnick S.
Published: February 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the social and economic activities of humanity across the globe. It has created immediate negative impacts on the livelihoods and agricultural production activities of smallholder farmers. A study was conducted in 2022-2023 to assess the impacts of the pandemic on smallholder farmers engaged in vegetable-based agroforestry systems in the Philippines. Using mixed methods of data gathering such as focus group discussions, key informant interviews, and a survey of 383 smallholder agroforestry farmers, results revealed that the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in travel restrictions and lockdowns, which has caused the immobility of farmers, farm labor, farm inputs and produce. Most (80%) of the production activities of the vegetable-based agroforestry system of the smallholder farmers were affected by the pandemic because of the lack of access to farm inputs, including labor. Poor marketing of agroforestry produces and the low market prices of the produce have decreased farm income of almost all (92%) of the respondent-smallholder farmers. About 92% of farmers were not able to attend any training courses related to agroforestry during the height of the pandemic. The social capital, particularly the bonding social capital within family members and neighborhoods, was enhanced during the pandemic. This led to the exchange of planting materials, and sharing of farm inputs with fellow farmers in the four study sites. Likewise, the natural capital was enhanced since the farms, soil and the surrounding natural resources such as rivers and springs were left untouched during the pandemic. Increased production for home consumption, reduced production for markets, engaging in additional sources of income, use of organic inputs, shift to online selling, and availing loans from formal and informal credit service providers were among the coping strategies employed by the smallholder farmers. Results imply the need to future-proof smallholder agroforestry systems by developing farmers’ capacity to produce their own natural and organic fertilizers and organic pesticides; appropriate and more sustainable seed collection and storage; and expand partnerships with external organizations.
Mebeweryna – skuteczny spazmolityk w leczeniu IBS
Authors: Witek Przemysław , Waluga Marek
Published: February 2024

Zespół jelita nadwrażliwego (IBS) jest przewlekłą chorobą zaliczaną do zaburzeń funkcjonowania osi jelito–mózg. Patofizjologia jest wieloczynnikowa i obejmuje m.in. dysfunkcję osi jelito–mózg, zmiany w składzie mikrobioty jelitowej i zaburzenia psychiczne. W leczeniu istotną rolę oprócz postępowania niefarmakologicznego odgrywają leki rozkurczowe. Spazmolityki są środkami o udowodnionym działaniu i bezpieczeństwie w IBS. Mebeweryna to lek o długiej tradycji stosowania, o potwierdzonej skuteczności i dobrej tolerancji. Jest wskazana w każdej postaci IBS, zwłaszcza z dominacją objawów takich jak ból brzucha i wzdęcia.
Nowoczesna farmakoterapia A.D. 2023 – dlaczego, kiedy i u kogo stosować klonidynę? Studium przypadku
Authors: Barylski Marcin
Published: February 2024

Klonidyna jest lekiem hipotensyjnym hamującym aktywność układu współczulnego poprzez wpływ na receptory α2-adrenergiczne oraz w mniejszym stopniu – receptory imidazolowe zlokalizowane w ośrodkowym układzie nerwowym. Hemodynamiczne działanie leku polega na zmniejszeniu oporu obwodowego, pojemności minutowej serca oraz częstotliwości rytmu serca. Klonidyna cechuje się dobrą wchłanialnością z przewodu pokarmowego, szybkim początkiem działania hipotensyjnego oraz brakiem wpływu na przepływ nerkowy, w związku z czym może być stosowana u chorych z nadciśnieniem tętniczym współistniejącym z przewlekłą chorobą nerek. Zgodnie z aktualnymi wytycznymi Polskiego Towarzystwa Nadciśnienia Tętniczego z 2019 r. stosowanie klonidyny zaleca się zarówno doraźnie w stanach pilnych, jak i przewlekle – w ramach politerapii opornego nadciśnienia tętniczego. Należy podkreślić, że klonidyna jest lekiem, który może być stosowany również u kobiet w wieku rozrodczym, gdy jest to konieczne.
A new species of Agauopsis (Acari, Halacaridae) from South Korea belonging to A. brevipalpus group
Authors: Shin Jong Hak , Lee Jimin , Chang Cheon Young
Published: February 2024

A new marine halacarid mite of the genus Agauopsis Viets, 1927 is recorded from mussels in the intertidal bedrock of the southern coast of South Korea. Agauopsis bisetosa n. sp. belonging to the A. brevipalpus group, is characterized by an ‘H’-shaped areola on the anterior dorsal plate, two pairs of costae on the posterior dorsal plate, a tectum with a truncate anterior margin, posterior epimeral plate with two ventral setae, telofemur I with one ventral and two ventromedial dentate spines, and tibia II with one ventral and one ventromedial dentate spines. Notably, the presence of two ventral setae on the posterior epimeral plate is a unique characteristic of the new species. This study deals with a description of A. bisetosa n. sp., accompanied by detailed illustrations drawn under a differential interference contrast microscope and scanning electron microscope photomicrographs. Additionally, it includes a character comparison table of the A. brevipalpus group and a key for known Agauopsis species in the northwest Pacific, both including the new species.
Recognizing steel elements with BRDF and k-nearest neighbors
Authors: Ciszkiewicz Adam , Jaglarz Janusz , Uhl Tadeusz
Published: February 2024

The paper deals with analysis of recognition of surface quality with reflective structures. Such surfaces are common in metallic materials cut using a saw or polished. There are no easy methods to identify such elements after machining. This issue is crucial in the industry for quality control as recognition of the elements, for instance after failure, allows for a detailed study of their manufacturing process. Firstly, six cuboid steel elements were obtained from a larger beam with a circular saw. Then, the bidirectional reflection distribution function (BRDF) was obtained for each element 3 times. The BRDF profiles were used in custom recognition software based on the K-nearest neighbors algorithm. In total, 140 variants of the classifier were tested and analyzed. Additionally, each variant was solved 200 times with different splits of the dataset. The results showed a high multiclass accuracy in all considered variants of the algorithm, with multiple variants achieving 100% accuracy. This level of performance was attained with only 1 to 2 training samples per class. Its low numerical complexity, easy experimental procedure, and “one-shot” nature allow for fast recognition, which is crucial in industrial applications.
Top management education needs – A case study of public health system in Slovenia
Authors: Laznik Gorazd
Published: February 2024

Aim. The purpose of the research was to identify the gap in the existing educational content in Slovenia, which employees in the top management of public health institutions acquired during their education, and to propose a new educational program based on the analysis of the results.

Material and methods. Quantitative research method and descriptive work method were used. The survey was completed by directors, expert directors and assistant directors for health care in public health institutions in Slovenia. The survey was sent to all employees in the top management of public health institutions in Slovenia (N = 216). For statistic analysis we use chi-square test and Kullback’s 2Î test.

Results. A total number of 146 (67.6%) fully completed questionnaires were analyzed. After reviewing the educational programs and the needs for additional education expressed by the respondents, we noted that there is no program in Slovenia that covers all the necessary content for quality work in top management. We can add that employees in the top management of public health institutions should be required to receive special education.

Conclusions. Based on the opinions expressed by the respondents, we propose the introduction of a one-year educational program that would include topics from economics, legislation, management, medicine and nursing.
Na tropach autora.
Authors: Kalinowska-Andrzejczak Oliwia
Published: February 2024

Artykuł skupia się wokół zagadnienia autorstwa filmowego w odniesieniu do animacji.Autorka tekstu do przedstawienia problemów związanych z kategorią autorstwa w obrębie kina animowanego wybrała przypadek japońskiej animacji. Spośród japońskich twórców filmów animowanych, do niewielkiego grona autorów najczęściej zalicza się Hayao Miyazakiego, Isao Takahatę, Katsuhiro Ōtomo, Mamoru Oshii’ego oraz Satoshi Kona. Ich dzieła odznaczają się wysmakowanym stylem, nowatorstwem w podejmowanych tematach i przedstawianych historiach, poprzez które manifestuje się autorska wizja świata. Przynależność wymienionych reżyserów do kręgu autorów filmowych, choć z pozoru oczywista i naturalna, po głębszej analizie może budzić pewne wątpliwości. Autorka tekstu wyznaczyła ramy teoretyczne autorskiego modelu kina animowanego, z wyszczególnieniem obszarów problematycznych, które odniosła w stosunku do twórców animacji z Japonii.
Laminar Separation Control for Eppler 387 Airfoil Based on Resolvent Analysis
Authors: Gross Andreas , Marks Christopher , Sondergaard Rolf
Published: February 2024

By actively controlling laminar separation, the aerodynamic loading can be increased. In the context of turbomachinery, an increased loading allows for more power to be extracted or for a lower part count. Active flow control can be made more effective and efficient if the actuator location and forcing frequency are chosen well. Large-eddy simulations of the flow over an E387 airfoil were carried out for a chord Reynolds number of 100,000. For an angle of attack of zero degrees, the suction-side boundary layer separates laminar to form a large separation bubble. With 1% freestream turbulence intensity, the boundary layer reattaches earlier, and the length of the separated region is in better agreement with available measurements. A resolvent analysis suggests that forcing immediately upstream of separation with an angular frequency of 50 (based on freestream velocity and chord length) provides the maximum forcing-response gain. Guided by the resolvent analysis, active flow control by wall-normal blowing and suction was then investigated in the simulation. Forcing introduces laminar, two-dimensional “rollers” that effectively suppress separation. Without freestream turbulence, transition occurs close to the trailing edge. With freestream turbulence, the flow transitions further upstream and active flow control is less effective.
Transient Thermal Analysis of Space Rectangular Thin-Walled Structures by Carrera Unified Formulation
Authors: Zhou Xiaoliang , Masia Rebecca , Zhu Rujian , Pagani Alfonso , Carrera Erasmo , Chen Weiqiu
Published: February 2024

The accurate prediction of transient thermal fields of space structures is of paramount significance for the analysis of geometrical stability and thermal management systems. This paper proposes a novel method to solve the transient thermal field of the thin-walled cross section of beams in outer space. High-order beam elements are derived by means of the Carrera unified formulation (CUF), where the longitudinal direction of the beam is discretized by one-dimensional two-node and four-node elements, whereas arbitrary high-order expansion functions are used for the description of the temperature expansion within the cross section. The governing differential equations of the transient temperature field are derived according to the transient thermal conduction theory and the weighted residual method. The solution of the initial value problem for ordinary differential equations is obtained through the application of the Adams–Bashforth method, leading to the determination of the transient thermal field. In order to demonstrate the accuracy of the temperature results, a convergence analysis is conducted. Finally, temperature distributions within the cross section and along the longitudinal direction of the model are discussed to show the effects of several factors, including material properties, angle of solar radiation, and shadows induced by the shelter of other components.
Uncertainty Analysis of Slug Calorimeters in the NASA HyMETS Arc-Jet Facility
Authors: Brune Andrew J. , Morrow Chelsey C.
Published: February 2024

The objective of this work is to perform an uncertainty analysis of the deduced stagnation heat flux environment on a slug calorimeter in the Hypersonic Materials Environmental Test System arc-jet facility located at NASA Langley Research Center. Analytical solutions are developed for boundary-value problems on the slug sensor accounting for nonideal effects, including spatial variation in the slug heat flux, multidimensional thermal conduction, and backface losses, which depart from the state-of-the-art method derived from the American Society of Testing and Materials. The analytical solutions are compared and optimized to experimental backface slug thermocouple data for a high- and low-enthalpy test condition. The results indicate that the epistemic uncertainty of the deduced stagnation heat flux on the slug calorimeter is at most [Formula: see text] for both conditions. Using a numerical approach to evaluate the aleatory uncertainty component in the slug stagnation heat flux, there is a compromise between the sample size and filter frequency of slug backface thermal data points when evaluating the deduced stagnation heat flux standard deviation. The total (mixed) uncertainty in the deduced stagnation heat flux is determined to be up to [Formula: see text], which is at least a 60% reduction from the standard uncertainty used in the state-of-the-art method.
Copyright Law and the Ruse of Culture: ‘Traditional Cultural Expressions and Expressions of Folklore’ as a Conception of Racial Difference
Authors: Dladla Ntokozo
Published: February 2024

‘Traditional Cultural Expressions’ and ‘Expressions of folklore’ (TCEs/folklore) have received very little critical attention within intellectual property (IP) jurisprudence. Where TCEs/folklore have been treated, it has only been to the extent that international IP does not offer sufficient protection over them as an analogous class of IP or to the extent that TCEs/folklore themselves are philosophically incompatible with IP, and accordingly fail to adequately capture the cultural expressions of indigenous peoples. This article offers a different argument regarding TCEs/folklore which neither seeks their further protection nor their legislative and policy development. Instead, this article traces the genealogy of TCEs/folklore within the imperialist foundations of international law, arguing that TCEs/folklore are the function of an already existing discursive arrangement of power that is consistent with colonial valuations of knowledge and culture.
Novas perspectivas das manifestações clínicas da sífilis congênita
Authors: Silva Janaína Teixeira Nunes , Freitas Carla Beatriz Lara , Silva Manoella Furbeta , Silva Douglas Roberto Guimarães , Pereira Larissa Mirelle de Oliveira
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: Elucidar as principais manifestações clínicas, os desafios enfrentados e as implicações da Sífilis na vida de mulheres grávidas. Métodos: Esta pesquisa é caracterizada como uma revisão integrativa e descritiva de abordagem qualitativa. Mais de 7.500 estudos forma encontrados nas bases científicas, dos quais dez foram eleitos como bibliografia central desta pesquisa. Resultados: Verificou-se que a sífilis na gestação possui como principais fatores de risco a condição socioeconômica da mãe, a escolaridade e a falta de informação. Revelou-se, ainda, que duas das principais consequências relacionadas pelo não tratamento do quadro são o desenvolvimento da sífilis congênita, além do alto desgaste emocional da mãe em diversas frentes da gestação. Considerações finais: Revelou-se que duas das principais consequências relacionadas pelo não tratamento do quadro são o desenvolvimento da sífilis congênita, além do alto desgaste emocional da mãe em diversas frentes da gestação. A desinformação e falta do tratamento são os aspectos que mais desafiam a qualidade de vida da mãe e do bebê.