bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gonorrhea treatment guideline compliance and influence factors in Guangdong province, China: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Xiong Mingzhou , Zhao Peizhen , Wu Xingzhong , Huang Shujie , Yang Menglan , Wang Cheng , Zheng Heping
Published: December 2023

Background
The indiscriminate use of antibiotics has accelerated the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), emphasizing the importance of adhering to treatment guidelines for gonorrhea. This study aimed to investigate the rate of standard treatment among gonorrhea patients and explore the corresponding influencing factors.
Methods
The survey was conducted in Guangdong province, China. Eligible participants were uncomplicated gonorrhea cases registered and reported in the Chinese Information System for Disease Control and Prevention (CISDCP). Demographic characteristics and medical information of gonorrhea patients were collected to calculate the standard treatment rate, which served as the primary outcome variable. The medication choices were also documented. Chi-square (χ2) test and multilevel logistic regression modeling were used to examine the factors associated with standard treatment.
Results
The survey included a total of 2,424 gonorrhea patients from 59 hospitals. The standard treatment rate was found to be 30.7% (743/2424), with rates of 36.2% for females and 29.6% for males, respectively. The most common reasons for substandard treatment were the use of medication beyond the guideline (42.3%, 710/1681) and inappropriate dosing (36.2%, 605/1681). Factors such as gender, address, educational level of patients, department, received training and diagnosed gonorrhea case number of physicians in charge, as well as hospital level, were associated with the standard treatment rate among gonorrhea patients.
Conclusion
The standard treatment rate for gonorrhea in Guangdong province, China, is below expectations. Therefore, it is necessary to implement comprehensive measures, including the establishment of a goal-directed monitoring system and the implementation of promotional activities, to improve compliance with gonorrhea treatment guidelines.
Genetic identification of potential nodulating bacteria and nodule-associated bacteria (NAB) within root nodules of Inga punctata trees in a Costa Rican Cloud Forest
Authors: Eaton William , Hamilton Debra , Chen Wen , Lemenze Alexander , Soteropoulos Patricia Patricia
Published: December 2023

Background and Aims
Leguminous tree root nodules have N-fixing, nodulating bacteria important for soil C and N cycle recovery following forest disturbance, and nodule-associated bacteria (NAB), which often provide plant growth promoting (PGP) activities. However, composition and function of these microbiomes within tropical leguminous forest trees is understudied.
Methods
Root nodules were collected from 1, 2, 13-year-old and old growth Inga punctata trees within a tropical cloud forest. Nodule DNA was extracted, from which bacterial taxa were identified through Illumina DNA sequencing methods.
Results
Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiensDNA sequences represented 63% to 86% and NAB sequences represented 7% to 12% of the total bacterial taxa in the nodules. Collectively, 26 of the NAB taxa were identified with 9 PGP activities. The 1 year-old nodules had the greatest percentages of PGP NAB taxa, which decreased with tree age, though the percentage of total NAB DNA increased with tree age, as did the NAB community complexity.
Conclusions
Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiensappears to be the root nodule-forming bacteria, while the NAB genera with known PGP activities appear to provide important functions that benefit both the nodule microbiome and I. punctata. The greater percentage of PGP NAB in the youngest nodules suggests their importance in early growth and development of I. punctata and its root nodules, the great presence of NAB DNA in all nodules suggests the importance of NAB throughout the lifespan of I. punctata, and the increasing NAB community complexity with tree age suggests the microbiome undergoes parallel succession with the tree.
Tuning Multi-wavelength Lasing in Rhodamine 640/Methylene Blue/Ag NWs Random Lasers
Authors: Jassim J. M. , al-samak M. S. , Ejbarah R. A . , Kisov Hristo
Published: December 2023

This research investigates a type of random laser with coherent properties, designed and studied to understand how fluorescence resonance energy transfer affects the emission spectra and threshold of Rhodamine 640/methylene blue/Ag NWs lasers. We demonstrate that Rhodamine 640 enhances the laser output of methylene blue beyond 700 nm. Additionally, by adjusting the mixing ratio of the two dyes, we achieved multi-wavelength lasing with linewidths as narrow as 1 nm. Ag NWs serve as scatterers in this system, both enhancing light extraction efficiency in the visible range and lowering the operating threshold for multi-wavelength lasing.
Electro Generating Cu+2 Ions Based on Electrochemically Modified CPE for The Determination of Malathion Pesticide using Valid SW-ASV Method
Authors: Moharram Youssef Ibrahim , El-Hallag Ibrahim Shibl , Selim Sameh Mahmoud
Published: December 2023

This work investigates the validation of SW-ASV method for the determination of malathion organophosphorus pesticide based on electrochemically modified CPE with copper metal. The surface of the modified CPE was constructed by electrodepositing copper layer at the accumulation step in 1mM CuSO4.5H2O, PBS at pH 6.6, E accumulation: -0.8 V, and T accumulation 240 s. The determining step was performed by adding different concentrations of malathion pesticide and applied the potential towards more positive potential at (-0.8 - +1.4 V) to enhance the oxidation of Cu0 metal. It was noticed that the malathion concentrations gradient enhances the oxidation peak current of copper at + 0.03V gradually. This was the paradigm for developing SW-ASV method and investigation of the method validation. SW-ASV method validation was performed in PBS at pH 6.6, potential window (-0.8 - +1.4 V), E accumulation: -0.8 V, T accumulation 240 s, and linearity range of malathion concentrations confined in (0–10µM). The calibration curve was constructed and R2 was equal to 0.99995 with good fitted linear relationship. LOD and LOQ were calculated to be 0.0247, and 0.08236 µM respectively. the raggedness of the test method was verified towards the deliberate variations for the CuSO4.5H2O concentration which closely varied to be (0.9, 1, and 1.1 mM) in accumulation step. Insignificant differences were observed between taken and measured concentration values of malathion. ANOVA for two sets of measurements using the standard GLC method and the suggested SW-ASV electroanalytical method was demonstrated via the calculations of F-value and t-value. F and t- values were calculated to be 1.698 and 0.289 respectively which not exceeded the tabulated F and t- values at degree of freedom equal to 4, resulting in the great similarity of results and ensuring the reliability of the suggested test method. The suggested SW-ASV method was used to perform the quality control routine analysis of the technical grade (95% - TC) and the pesticide formulation (57% - EC) of the malathion. Valid results were achieved with satisfactory limits of accuracy and precision.
IF steel: grain boundary nature and its aqueous corrosion behavior
Authors: Khan M. I. , Jaidka S. , Mehtani H. K.
Published: December 2023

Interstitial-free (IF) steel is the purest form of steel and has tremendous scope for a basic understanding of the corrosion behavior of steel. A total of five steel samples were subjected to progressive cold deformation at varying levels (35%, 50%, 65%, 80%, and 95%) and subsequently subjected to uniform heat treatment. After heat treatment, the samples were characterized, revealing an increased volume fraction of gamma fiber texture with higher levels of cold reduction. Polarization tests were performed in acidic (0.5M HCl) and neutral (0.6M NaCl) solutions. The results demonstrated that samples with a higher volume fraction of texture ND//<111 > displayed elevated corrosion current and corrosion rate, suggesting a potential influence of grain boundary characteristics on corrosion behavior. Additional measurements on the depth of attack within the grains and at the grain boundaries further supported the notion that the corrosion behavior of the material is affected by grain boundary properties. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the corrosion mechanisms in IF steel and highlight the significance of grain boundary nature in the context of corrosion behavior.
Telomere length in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in the perimenopausal
Authors: Gomes Demetrio Antonio Gonçalves Gonçalves Silva , Grespan João Pedro Borges Andrade , Lopes Carolina Figueiredo
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Interest in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has been increasing, especially after discovering that it involves much more than the reproductive system.
Objective:Analyze telomere length in perimenopausal women with PCOS.
Study design: case-control.
Methods:The volunteers were divided into PCOS and control groups comprising 200 women in each group. All women were evaluated, including a blood measurement and analysis of leukocyte telomere length. Results:When comparing the PCOS and control groups regarding age, body mass index, waist, hip, waist-to-hip ratio, pregnancy, birth, abortion, 17-OHP, testosterone, TSH, and insulin, no differences were found. Women in the PCOS group had higher Ferriman scores than the control group (p < 0.01). The mean telomere length in both groups was 0.7 (± 0.23), with no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.62). Body mass index was the only characteristic negatively correlated with telomere length (p = 0.0051).
Conclusions: A future analysis of telomere length in women of different ages after exposure to the long-term metabolic consequences of PCOS is suggested.
The Effects of Management Practices on Effective Tax Rates: Evidence from Ecuador
Authors: de Ervin Lyliana Gayoso , Beverinotti Javier , Canavire Gustavo , Deza Maria Cecilia
Published: December 2023

This paper examines the effects of management practices on effective tax rates (ETR) in a sample of medium- and large-size manufacturing firms in Ecuador. We use a novel data set on management practice scores matched with administrative tax data from the Superintendence of Companies and the Internal Revenue Service of Ecuador based on firms' tax filings. We find that better management practices are positively associated with effective tax rates, defined as the share of tax obligations to profits. This result is robust under various specifications controlling for different covariates and to different measures of effective tax rates. Furthermore, our findings indicate that the use of fiscal incentives is positively associated with higher effective tax rates. However, firms that use fiscal incentives are able to flatten or reduce their effective tax rates as management practices improve. Overall, our findings suggest that government-sponsored policies that seek to promote better management practices may be self-sustaining if the expected additional tax revenue as a result of firms' realizing higher profits is able to cover the cost of the programs.
JEL Classification: D22 , H2 , L2 , M2
A Self-Representation Weighted based Density Peaks Clustering Method
Authors: YU Qiangguo , Zhang Zhikun , WANG Peiliang , SHEN Qing , Jia Liangquan
Published: December 2023

The calculation method of density has an important influence on the clustering performance of density peak clustering method (DPC), the different density calculation methods are applied for the different datasets. To solve this problem, a self-representation weighted density peak clustering method (SR-DPC) is proposed in this study. Different from DPC, SR-DPC not only considers the local information of data points, but also enhances the influence of different data points on the data center by introducing the idea of weighting, so as to improve the accuracy of finding the data center.Furthermore, SR-DPC can adaptively reflect the influence of different data points on the data center points through the feature representation among data points, and the weighted Gaussian kernel distance is adopted to replace the Euclidean distance, so as to improve its clustering performance. Experimental results based on synthetic datasets and real datasets show that SR-DPC method is effective and practical.
Propeller Induced Complete Transformation of the Secondary Structure of a Dipeptide on Water Surface Controlled by Chiral Supramolecular Assembly
Authors: Acharya Somobrata , BISWAS Sandip , . Umesh , Das Bidisa , Koley Pradyot , Bhattacharya Santanu
Published: December 2023

Water surface provides a unique platform for the directed formation of self-assembly and transformation of secondary structures of peptides and proteins. Here we report a well-defined supramolecular assembly controlled complete one-step transformation of the secondary structure from β-sheet to α-helix of an amyloid-derived dipeptide system on the water surface. Spherical aggregates and molecular wires containing β-sheet structure are converted into two-dimensional (2D) molecular sheets comprising large planar area yet with a molecular level thickness with α-helix structure. The conformational features of the β-sheet to α-helix structure transformation are dominated by the abundant intermolecular hydrogen bonding, π–π stacking and C–H···π interactions. Strikingly, the dynamic change in the dihedral angle between the aromatic rings of dipeptide at the water surface alters the molecular packing and shortens intermolecular hydrogen bonds with larger binding energies required for the secondary structure transformation. The novel one-step strategy reported herein offers an exciting example of the supramolecular assembly controlled secondary structural transformation of the dipeptide on water surface.
Experiences of people referring to a rural school-based mental health support service for young people: A qualitative study
Authors: Allan Julaine , Thompson Anna
Published: December 2023

Background: Healthcare provision across rural and remote areas is challenging, requiring adaptability and careful management of scarce resources. In Western New South Wales (NSW), Australia, youth mental health services have been identified as a priority. Schools are well-placed to address some of these barriers and facilitate access to mental health services. This study explores the experiences of people referring to an innovative rural school-based mental health support service in western NSW for young people aged 12-25 (‘The Service'), and their perceptions of the benefits and challenges of The Service.
Methods: A qualitative descriptive approach was used to explore the experiences of people who had made referrals to The Service. Eight semi-structured interviews were conducted, with data analysed deductively.
Results: The participants described The Service’s model of care as the overarching feature which facilitated access to mental health care for young people. The model of care was described as easy to access, flexible, and offering quality service delivery. Suggestions for improvement included making The Service more inclusive for young people after they leave school and finding ways to address staffing challenges to ensure consistency of service delivery.
Conclusions: Locating services in schools makes mental health support accessible and convenient for users. Participants reported high satisfaction with referring to The Service, and positive school-related outcomes for young people. This small study supports the expansion of school-based mental health services which could be rigorously evaluated.
Study on the composite structure of cobalt-free oxides as cathodes for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs)
Authors: Susanto Iwan , Jamhary Adil Juira , Permana Sulaksana
Published: December 2023

Summary: Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) represent a promising technology for efficient and clean energy conversion. This study focuses on the design and development of a novel cathode material for SOFCs, specifically exploring the use of a free-cobalt cathode within a composite structure. Investigating the structure of cobalt-free composites of Ba0.5Sr0.5FeO3-δ (BSF) and Ba0.5Sr0.5Fe0.8B0.2O3-δ (B=Cu, Zn) (BSFB) have been prepared and evaluated as cathodes for IT-SOFCs. The solid-state reaction was employed for generating and modifying the composite structure of the model system. The decomposition reaction and the formation of perovskite structure have been observed using thermal gravimetric analysis and X-ray diffraction. The study encompasses experimental procedures, data processing using GSAS software, and the application of the Rietveld method to achieve precise analysis results. Rietveld analysis outcomes offer intricate details about the crystal structure, encompassing crystal unit parameters, and scale factors. The solid-state reaction led to the reduction in the weight of the composite during the heating process. The decomposition reaction of oxides was generated between 650 to 950 oC. The average of total weight loss during the period treatment was achieved up to 18 % and the perovskite phase formed in the composite structure. A single-phase perovskite from a cubic structure with space group Pm-3m was demonstrated by all composite’s models. The lattice parameter and a unit cell volume were obtained from the model system of BSF, BSFC and BSFZ, respectively. This study explores the potential development of SOFCs technology with the hope of making a positive contribution to advancing clean and sustainable energy solutions in the future
Antecedents of green manufacturing implementation by local MSMEs in Indonesia
Authors: Primandaru Noormalita , Wulan Kusuma Manggar , Barcelona Nasution Olivia
Published: December 2023

This study aims to investigate the adoption of green manufacturing in the micro, small, and medium enterprises in Indonesia using the integrated framework. The paper used purposive sampling to select 258 micro, small, and medium enterprises in Indonesia that adopt green production processes to determine the supporting and inhibiting factors experienced in green manufacturing. Structural equation modeling with SmartPLS 3.0 application is used for data processing. The results show that the internal factors (organizational capabilities, internal competencies development, relative advantage, and organizational resources) affect green manufacturing implementation. This indicates that micro, small, and medium enterprises in Indonesia tend to adopt green manufacturing when they have organizational capabilities, internal competencies development, relative advantage, and organizational resources that support this practice. External factors that influence green manufacturing practices are government support. Indonesian micro, small, and medium enterprises consider that government support in the form of subsidies or regulations related to green practices will make it easier to adopt green manufacturing.
AcknowledgmentThis study is funded by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia (Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset dan Teknologi Republik Indonesia). The scheme of the grant is Fundamental Research entitled “Implementasi Green Manufacturing dan Dampaknya pada Kinerja UMKM Industri Kerajinan Lokal dalam Rangka Pengentasan Kemiskinan di Indonesia”).
The effects of social media live streaming commerce on Vietnamese Generation Z consumers’ purchase intention
Authors: Thuy An Ngo Thi , Thanh Bui Chi , Khanh Long Chau Huynh , Phuc Nguyen Tran Nguyen
Published: December 2023

Social media live streaming commerce is an emerging and effective online shopping channel that integrates live streaming and e-commerce through social media platforms. This trend has gained significant attention, particularly from Generation Z, who are drawn to the interactive and entertaining aspects of shopping through live streaming. This study investigates factors affecting the purchase intention of Vietnamese Generation Z consumers in live streaming commerce on social media platforms, assessing the impact of six factors: entertainment, information quality, interactivity, perceived risk, peer customer evaluations and recommendations, and streamers. Using a non-probability sampling, an online survey was conducted among 344 consumers who possess prior experience with social media live streaming commerce. Data analysis used a partial least squares structural equation modeling technique. The findings revealed that increased entertainment, higher information quality, enhanced interactivity, positive peer customer evaluations and recommendations, and a more attractive and expert streamer positively impact purchase intention. Notably, streamers exhibited the most robust influence, while information quality demonstrated the weakest effect among the influencing factors. Conversely, perceived risk did not significantly hinder purchase intention, suggesting Generation Z consumers’ confidence in online transactions and their willingness to take risks for entertainment and interactivity in live streaming commerce. In light of these results, businesses are advised to elevate consumer purchase intentions by prioritizing aspects related to entertainment, information quality, interactivity, and peer customer evaluations. Prudent selection of streamers is highlighted as a pivotal strategy for organizations to effectively shape customer purchasing intentions.
AcknowledgmentThe researchers express sincere gratitude to all the participants who generously participated in this study.
Knowledge management in banking: A bibliometric literature review
Authors: Minh Sang Nguyen
Published: December 2023

This bibliometric study examines publication trends, influential works, authorship networks, conceptual themes, and future directions in knowledge management research within the banking sector over the past three decades. Data were collected from a total of 443 scholarly publications written in English and indexed in Scopus. The data collection period spanned from 1994 to 2023. Quantitative bibliometric analysis techniques were employed, which involved the use of temporal visualization to examine publication and citation patterns, mapping co-authorship networks, and clustering high-frequency keywords. The results suggest a consistent rise in research interest and output as time progresses. Influential publications have proposed various models and frameworks for knowledge management, risk analysis, and organizational change. The majority of prolific authors were primarily of European descent, and it is worth noting that the Journal of Knowledge Management held the position as the most influential publication venue. The core research focus encompassed various areas such as knowledge for competitive advantage, intellectual capital measurement, knowledge-performance links, customer relationship management, and knowledge management technologies. The research has evolved to encompass digital transformation, sustainability, automation, and analytics. Proposed future directions include an examination of the role of knowledge management in ensuring continuity during crises, the facilitation of risk management through knowledge systems, and the development of decision support based on knowledge. This study offers valuable insights into the development of knowledge management research in the banking sector, although it is limited to English sources in Scopus.
Acknowledgment Expressing gratitude towards those who have contributed to the successful completion of a study has significant importance. In particular, it is crucial to extend appreciation to the individuals affiliated with the Ho Chi Minh University of Banking for their valuable support and assistance during the research endeavor.
The elusive meanings of translation: J.de Nerval’s sonnet “El Desdichado” from the “Chimeras” cycle
Authors:   Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dmitrieva Ekaterina E.
Published: December 2023

The study of the inversion of meaning, which inevitably occurs during translation, has become one of the priorities of both domestic and world comparative studies in recent decades. This problem formed the basis of the theory of cultural transfer, which began to be developed in the mid-1980s among French historians-Germanists. The methodology of cultural transfer, which has taught us to see the phenomenon rather positive in those transformations of meaning that occur during direct translation from one language to another, has retouched the question of the “archaeological” side of this phenomenon, which has long received the designation “reverse translation” in science. The article is devoted to the analysis of the first sonnet in Nerval’s poetic cycle “Chimeras”. A detailed analysis of the intertextual allusions concealed by the extremely hermetic sonnet “El Desdichado” is accompanied by a parallel analysis of two translations of this sonnet into Russian, made respectively by N.Ya. Rykova and Y.M.Denisov. Despite the high quality of translation, the method of “slow reading” of the sonnet shows how in the translation, even if seemingly close to the original, the semantic trajectories of the original and translated texts diverge. Such a comparative analysis allows us to reactualise Alexander Mikhailov’s 1990s idea of reverse translation, which turns out to be absolutely necessary when reading and perceiving especially translated poetry.
Sterne and Yakovlev: On the reception of Lawrence Sterne in Russia
Authors:   Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nenarokova Maria R.
Published: December 2023

The article focuses on a little-known episode from the history of Russian-English literary relations. L. Sterne’ s works, “Sentimental Journey through France and Italy” in particular, were included in the range of reading of the educated Russian nobility, and “Sentimental Journey” attracted a wide variety of readers. Sterne’s “Journey” marked the beginning of “sentimental” travel literature in Russian, written by the authors “with eyes, full of tears.” Pavel Yakovlev, a writer of the first half of the 19th century, forgotten today, wrote short plays, novellas, a novel, numerous articles, but he became famous for his parodies. His most famous parody is the novella “Sentimental Journey along Nevsky Prospekt”, first published in parts in the “Blagonamerenny” magazine, and then as a separate book. Yakovlev used Sterne’s story as a kind of a plan recognizable by readers. Borrowing the structure of Sterne’s book helps the development of the plot. Yakovlev also uses various artistic means, a certain vocabulary and syntax, which are inherent in the works by Sterne. Yakovlev’s book is a monologue of the protagonist, which includes the conversations he heard in coffee houses, shops, visiting friends. Like Sterne’s text, Yakovlev’s novella belongs to “oral culture,” that of salons. There are three planes in Yakovlev’s novella: the creation of a literary envelope that holds the attention of readers; a parody of the “sentimental journey” as a literary genre; depiction of scenes from the life of literary Petersburg.
Worldwide recognition of Chekhov in Russian diaspora reception
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Stepanov Andrei D.
Published: December 2023

The article deals with one of the aspects of the world recognition of Anton Chekhov’s art: its perception by the Russian emigration of the first wave, the so-called “Russian zarubezhye (expatriate community)”. Based on a large amount of newspaper and magazine publications, including those that were not previously introduced into scholarly circulation, the author demonstrates how the feeling that “Chekhov is outdated” was gradually replaced by surprise at his world glory. The article considers several such explanations. Some authors pointed to the extraordinary accuracy in depicting the details of real life, which allows any theatre viewers and readers to perceive Chekhov’s plays and stories as a source of knowledge about Russia. Others emphasized the perfection of form and likened these works to musical scores. There were also critics who perceived Chekhov as a prophet of the revolution. The most important for Chekhovian studies remain the existential interpretations, the authors of which were divided into “pessimists” and “optimists”. If the former, following Leon Shestov, believed that the writer has been killing human hopes, then the latter, following Dmitry Filosofov and Alexander Izmailov, found in Chekhov an all-forgiving pity for his weak heroes and hidden religiosity. Emigrant Chekhovian studies not only remain relevant for modern interpretations of Chekhov, but also most clearly represent a huge range of often incompatible, but still possible interpretations of his texts, which explains the world fame of the writer.
In search of a center: Aporias of the prosthetic God
Authors:   Dresden University of Technology, Fröschle Ulrich
Published: December 2023

The article deals with the capability and productivity of literature to visualise and discuss chances and problems arising from future developments and constellations using the example of trans- or posthumanism as one of the most influental ideological concepts of our time. It is shown how this seemingly scientific idea has been imagined as well as deconstructed in literary texts a long time before transhumanism solidified as an ideology. Literary texts allow to play things through to an end — or another, and thereby highly specialised scientific topics become open to a broader discussion outside the ivory tower: Beginning with H. von Kleist’s famous essay on “The Puppet Theatre” (1810), that reflects upon the question of human consciousness using the example of dancing prosthesis carriers, it is also demonstrated, that literary texts can defamiliarize our common perception of everyday world to set us thinking about it, be it Goethe’s “Faust II” with its homunculus episode, Marinettis novel “Mafarka the Futurist” (1909) and its flying artificial man, E.Jünger’s extensive essay “The Worker” (1932) on modern serialisation, M.Houellebecq’s novel “Possibility of an Island” (2005) with a posthuman view on transhumanistic developments or G.Bear’s SF novel “Blood Music” (1985), imagining a completely posthuman world.
Individualization and psychologization of modern society as factors of weakening social ties
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Khoroshilov Dmitry
Published: December 2023

The article proves the thesis according to which psychology, as a scientific discipline and social practice (in the form of psychotherapy and counseling), penetrating into all spheres of everyday life in modern society, is a response to the worldview contradictions of the era of modernism. The paradigms of post- and metamodernism that characterize our time can rightfully be considered a continuation of the main line of early modernism of the early twentieth century, associated with the understanding of modernization (the historical process of transition from a traditional and sustainable way of life to social uncertainty and instability). Therefore, modernity is also called the era of late modernism. In modern society and culture, the responsibility for solving the problem of the stability and variability of life is attributed not to collectives or groups, as in previous historical periods, but to individuals. Now, not philosophy or anthropology, but psychology as the scientific project of modernism seeks to answer the famous Kantian question about what a person is. The mass dissemination of psychological knowledge and practice leads to the psychologization of society, that is, to the explanation of the surrounding world and life problems only with the help of psychological categories; a person fixes on the inner experience and personal self-development, thereby distancing himself from unpredictable social events and changes. The psychologization of society enhances its individualization. Individualization is seen as a dual phenomenon: on the one hand, it implies the most free and active construction of identity and lifestyle, and on the other hand, it carries the danger of social atomization and the collapse of solidarity, which can be a prerequisite for the formation of totalitarian mass movements. The paradox: individualization and psychologization, designed to reduce social uncertainty, increase it, locking a person into his own Self. To prevent the negative effects listed above, it is recommended to strengthen psychological concepts in scientific and public discourses that emphasize the importance of intersubjective, joint construction of the image of a changing world.
A contextual approach to the characteristics of a preschooler’s temperament: The role of the educational environment
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Rudnova Natalia , Kornienko Dmitry ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: December 2023

According to numerous past and contemporary studies, biological factors (such as matura- tion of the nervous system) and a number of environmental factors influence the develop- ment of temperament. It has been demonstrated that, among other environmental factors that influence the manifestation of temperamental characteristics, the relationships be- tween parents and children can be viewed as an indicator of the social environment. When a child transitions from the family environment to the educational environment, the quality of which is a significant element in the continued development of preschoolers, the child’s temperament characteristics begin to play an increasingly essential role in the process of socialization. In this regard, it is important to investigate whether there is a correlation between the characteristics of temperament and the structural and procedural aspects of the educational environment. According to previous studies, the characteristics of the edu- cational milieu are related to the temperamental characteristics of a child. More research has been conducted on the relationship between a child’s temperament and the procedural characteristics of the environment, i. e. the interactions and relationships between the child and the teacher. One of the principal conclusions is that this relationship is reciprocal: the teacher’s attitude toward the child influences the manifestation of temperamental traits, and the child’s temperament influences the quality of the relationship. The structure of the educational environment is also related to a child’s temperament; however, data on this re- lationship have been collected for a very long time and are extremely limited, necessitating further empirical research to validate the results obtained. This paper examines the rela- tionship between temperament and the parameters of the educational environment, taking into consideration its interactivity (M.Rothbart), the goodness of fit (A.Thomas, S.Chess), the niche picking (S. Scarr, C.McCarthy), the differential susceptibility hypothesis (B. Ellis), and sensitive periods of the development of temperament properties. The possibilities of considering children’s temperament into the implementation of educational programs in preschool institutions are discussed.
The influence of confabulations about the reasons for the choice on the formation of false memories
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Gershkovich Valeria , Tikhonov Roman ,   St. Petersburg State University, Bystrova Ekaterina ,   St. Petersburg State University, Lvova Olga ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: December 2023

The article examines the causes of the choice blindness aftereffect on the formation of false memories. Several studies have shown that when individuals provide reasons for a choice they did not actually make, their memories shift towards the invented justifications (confabulations). The aim of this study is to contrast the explanation of the mnemonic aftereffect of choice blindness in terms of cognitive dissonance theory with explanations in terms of recency and verbalization effects. In the experiment, we compared two situations: one where participants justified evaluations contradicting their initial opinions, and another where they justified evaluations but attributed them to their partners’ opinions. It was hypothesized that if self-justification induces cognitive dissonance, participants who confabulated reasons for choices believed to be their own would exhibit more false memories regarding the original choice compared to those who believed they justified their partner’s opinion. The first stage involved participants evaluating the IQ of women based on their photos. In the second stage they had to explain the reasons for the evaluations (either considering it their own choice or partner’s). Half of the evaluations submitted for explanations contradicted the previously issued ones (low evaluations changed to high ones and vice versa). In the third stage, the participants had to remember the original evaluation. A change in the pole of perceived IQ judgments was measured. The results confirmed the presence of the choice blindness effect. The effect of false memories was found only in the group that considered the presented evaluations to be their own opinions.
How can machine learning predict cholera: insights from experiments and design science for action research
Authors: Ahmad Amshi Hauwa , Prasad Rajesh , Sharma Birendra Kumar , Yusuf Saratu Ilu , Sani Zaharaddeen
Published: December 2023

Cholera is a leading cause of mortality in Nigeria. The two most significant predictors of cholera are a lack of access to clean water and poor sanitary conditions. Other factors such as natural disasters, illiteracy, and internal conflicts that drive people to seek sanctuary in refugee camps may contribute to the spread of cholera in Nigeria. The aim of this research is to develop a cholera outbreak risk prediction (CORP) model using machine learning tools and data science. In this study, we developed a CORP model using design science perspectives and machine learning to detect cholera outbreaks in Nigeria. Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) was used for dimensionality reduction, and synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) was used for data balancing. Outliers were detected using density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) were removed improving the overall performance of the model, and the extreme-gradient boost algorithm was used for prediction. The findings revealed that the CORP model outcomes resulted in the best accuracy of 99.62%, Matthews's correlation coefficient of 0.976, and area under the curve of 99.2%, which were improved compared with the previous findings. The developed model can be helpful to healthcare providers in predicting possible cholera outbreaks.
Ground water availability assessment for a data-scarce river basin in Nepal using SWAT hydrological model
Authors: Prajapati Raghu Nath , Ibrahim Nurazim , Goyal Manish Kumar , Thapa Bhesh Raj , Maharjan Koshish Raj
Published: December 2023

Mountainous river basins are expected to experience significant seasonal fluctuations in water supply due to climate change. Thus, hydrological modeling becomes further challenging while accounting for data-scarce mountainous basins observing climate change impacts. In this study, Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to predict hydrological flow in the Sunkoshi River Basin (SRB) based on daily rainfall and temperature data spanning 36 years. The specific objectives of this study were: (i) to use the SWAT model to simulate the long-term hydrological response, (ii) to generate spatially distributed rainfall–runoff and subbasin-wise water balance components using well-established performance indicators. Calibration and validation at the outlet of the study area were successful, with the values of R2/Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) calculated as 0.91/0.82 for monthly data and 0.79/0.73 for daily data. In the validation phase, the values of R2/NSE were 0.91/0.84 for monthly data and 0.82/0.75 for daily data, respectively. This study predicted the average yearly flow and precipitation at the SRB outlet to be 279 m3/s and 368.25 mm, respectively. Approximately, 30% of water loss was attributed to evapotranspiration, 18% to runoff, and 30% to lateral flow. The findings of this study will contribute to water resource management.
Aprendizes de ficção
Authors: Fernandes Gildene Lima de Souza , Freitas Alessandra Cardozo de
Published: December 2023

O artigo apresenta um recorte de pesquisa qualitativa sobre a elaboração de narrativas de ficção por crianças, realizada numa turma do 5º ano do ensino fundamental, de uma escola pública do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. Tem por objetivo refletir sobre os efeitos da leitura de literatura e da interlocução entre os pares no processo de construção de histórias. A investigação fundamentou-se nos estudos sobre literatura (Candido, 2012), leitura de ficção (Amarilha, 2013 e 1997; Jauss, 1994; Eco, 1994), mediação pedagógica e produção textual (Vigotski, 2007; Graves e Graves, 1995; Calkins, 1989). O desenho da pesquisa compreendeu sessões de leitura da obra Fazendo Ana Paz, de Lygia Bojunga, e encontros para escrita, discussão e reescrita de histórias de ficção. A análise dos dados revelou que a leitura de literatura, sob a metodologia da andaimagem, favoreceu a liberdade de criação de histórias pelos aprendizes, que recorreram às referências literárias para escrever narrativas que apresentaram novas escolhas quanto ao tipo de narrador, uso do tempo, desfecho, dentre outros aspectos. A escolha da obra literária (Bojunga, 2007), de caráter metaficcional, repercutiu, de sobremaneira, nos novos sentidos atribuídos pelos aprendizes à atividade da escrita. Também foi constatado o efeito da interação entre os pares e a professora-pesquisadora nos processos de escrita e revisão textual, mediante as investidas das crianças na constituição de suas narrativas de ficção, desencadeadas pelas conferências de escrita.
Smart Stimuli-responsive Alginate Nanogels for Drug Delivery Systems and
Cancer Therapy: A Review
Authors: Garshasbi Hamid Reza , Naghib Seyed Morteza
Published: December 2023

Nanogels are three-dimensional networks at the nanoscale level that can be fabricated through physical
or chemical processes using polymers. These nanoparticles’ biocompatibility, notable stability, efficacious
drug-loading capacity, and ligand-binding proficiency make them highly suitable for employment as drug-delivery
vehicles. In addition, they exhibit the ability to react to both endogenous and exogenous stimuli, which
may include factors such as temperature, illumination, pH levels, and a diverse range of other factors. This facilitates
the consistent administration of the drug to the intended site. Alginate biopolymers have been utilized
to encapsulate anticancer drugs due to their biocompatible nature, hydrophilic properties, and cost-effectiveness.
The efficacy of alginate nano gel-based systems in cancer treatment has been demonstrated through multiple
studies that endorse their progress toward clinical implementation. This paper comprehensively reviews
alginate and its associated systems in drug delivery systems.
An Exploratory Review on the Hypoglycemic Action of Unani Anti-diabetic
Drugs via Possible Modulation of Gut Microbiota
Authors: Akhlaq Shaheen , Ara Shabnam Anjum , Itrat Malik , Fazil Mohammad , Ahmad Bilal , Akram Usama , Haque Merajul , Quddusi Neelam , Sayeed Ahmad
Published: December 2023

Background and Aim:

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic, multi-factorial metabolic disorder
and also an important public health issue that requires multi-dimensional therapeutic strategies
for effective control. Unani herbs have long been used to effectively mitigate diabetes through
various mechanisms. In recent years, it has been speculated that the alteration of gut microbiome
ecology is potentially one of the important mechanisms through which the Unani drugs exert hypoglycemic
action. This review aims at the trans-disciplinary interpretation of the holistic concepts
of the Unani system of medicine and the molecular insights of contemporary medicine for novel
strategies for diabetes management.

Methodology:

We searched scientific databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science-Direct,
etc. Unani classical texts (Urdu, Arabic, and Persian), and medical books, for diabetic control
with Unani medicine through the gut microbiome.

Results:

Unani medicine defines, diabetes as a urinary system disorder disrupting the transformational
faculty (Quwwat Mughayyira) in the gastrointestinal tract. The Unani system and contemporary
biomedicine use different epistemology and ontology for describing diabetes through gutderived
factors in whole-body glucose homeostasis. Unani Pharmaceutics have reported in clinical
and preclinical (in vitro/ in vivo) trials in improving diabetes by altering gut microbiota composition,
microvascular dysfunction, and inflammation. However, the preventive plan is the preservance
of six essential factors (Asbāb Sitta Ḍarūriyya) as a lifestyle plan.

Conclusion:

This is the first study on the integrative strategy about the hypoglycemic effects of
Unani herbs that could serve as a prerogative novel approach for cost-effective, holistic, rationalistic,
and multi-targeted diabetes management.
LncRNA SH3BP5-AS1 Regulates the Proliferation and Cell Cycle of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells
Authors: Fan Xiaowu
Published: December 2023

Background:

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) consists of a class of heterogeneous
diseases.

Objective:

LncRNAs are exceedingly implicated in the pathogenesis of NSCLC. Herein, the current
study set out to illustrate the molecular mechanism of SH3BP5-AS1 in NSCLC cells.

Methods:

SH3BP5-AS1 expression in clinical NSCLC tissues and its impact on prognosis were analyzed
by bioinformatics database. SH3BP5-AS1 expression patterns in NSCLC cell lines
(A549/H1299/H1975/H460) and human normal lung epithelial cell lines (BEAS-2B) were examined
by RT-qPCR. SH3BP5-AS1 was overexpressed in A549 or silenced in H1975 cells through
transfection to assess its effect on proliferation, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis, apoptosisrelated
protein (Cleaved Caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2) levels, invasive, migratory, and healing capacity
through CCK-8, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, Western blot, Transwell, and cell scratch
test.

Results:

SH3BP5-AS1 was under-expressed in NSCLC clinical tissues, and NSCLC patients with
low SH3BP5-AS1 expression showed poor prognosis. A549/H1299/H1975/H460 cells had reduced
levels of SH3BP5-AS1, with the relative level lowest/highest expression in A549/H1975 cells, respectively.
SH3BP5-AS1 overexpression repressed A549 cell proliferation, slowed down cell cycle
progression, enhanced apoptosis, elevated Cleared Caspase-3, Bax, suppressed Bcl-2 protein levels,
and inhibited migratory, invasive, and scratch healing capacities, while SH3BP5-AS1 silencing
brought about the opposite results in H1975 cells.

Conclusion:

SH3BP5-AS1 could suppress NSCLC cell proliferation, slow down cell cycle progression,
stimulate apoptosis, and limit invasion and migration.