bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Microstructure of Polyurethane (PU)/Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate (EVA) Polymer Lastomer of Analysis
Authors: Li Ya Bin , Huang Jin Tian
Published: March 2013

EVA / PU are used as the polymer elastomer in this paper by the approach of graft copolymerization. By the scan analysis of EVA / PU flexible tensile fracture surface, it could be found, with the augment of EVA, the cross-section shows the transition from brittle fracture to ductile fracture, as well as a clear plastic deformation in the micro-fracture zone. The phenomenon of graft copolymerization between the EVA and PU can be observed by scanning probe micrograph . What’s more, while the height of the molecules increases，the molecules become increasingly small, indicating that the grafting reaction occurs between the free hydroxyl in EVAL and PU prepolymer.
Microstructural, Optical and Electrical Properties of ZnO:Sn Thin Films Deposited by Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Chen Jun , Hu Yue Hui , Hu Hong Hao , Chen Yi Chuan
Published: March 2013

Transparent thin films of Sn-doped ZnO (ZnO:Sn) were deposited onto silica glass substrates by the sol–gel method. The effect of different Sn doping on the crystallinity, structural, optical and electrical properties of ZnO:Sn thin films were investigated by XRD, SEM, UV-VIS spectrophotometer and four-point probe method respectively. Among all of ZnO:Sn thin films in this paper, Sn-doped with 2 at.% exhibited the best properties, the surface demonstrate an accumulative crystallization and hexagonal structure, with a high-preferential c-axis orientation, namely an average transmittance of 90% and the resistivity of 19.6 Ω·cm.
Optical Studies of Poly (N-Carbazole) (PVK) Blending with Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) Using Tauc/Davis-Mott Model
Authors: Alias A.N. , Kudin T.I. Tunku , Zabidi Z.M. , Harun M.K. , Marwan Bin Ali Abdul Malik , Yahya Mohamad Faizul
Published: March 2013

The optical absorption spectra of blended poly (N-carbazole) (PVK) with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in various compositions are investigated. A doctor blade technique was used to coat the blended polymer on a quartz substrate. The electronic parameters such as absorption edge (Ee), allowed direct band gap (Ed), allowed indirect band gap (Ei), Urbach edge (Eu) and steepness parameter (γ) were calculated using Tauc/Davis-Mott Model. The results reveal that the Ee, Ed and Ei increase with increasing of PVP ratio. There also have variation changing in Urbach energy and steepness parameter.
Influence of Coating Content on the Magnetic Properties of Iron-MnZn Ferrite Soft Magnetic Composites
Authors: Wu Shen , Sun Ai Zhi , Xu Wen Huan
Published: March 2013

In this paper, iron powder with high purity is covered by a Mn-Zn ferrite layer, and the effect of amount of ferrite on the microstructure and magnetic properties are investigated. The morphology of the samples was characterized by scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. It was shown that the particle surface layer contains a thin insulating layer of Mn-Zn ferrite, with high particle surface coverage. The magnetic measurements on samples were carried out using a B-H curve analyzer and an AC performance tester at Bm=50mT. The results indicate that the Mn-Zn ferrite coated samples have excellent frequency characteristics compared with uncoated samples. Also, the composites with 4wt% ferrite show a good combination of magnetic permeability and magnetic loss in the range 0.8-150 kHz.
Fabrication and Microstructures of WC-Based Composites by Plasma Jet Metallurgy
Authors: Chi Jing , Li Hui Qi , Wang Shu Feng , Li Min , Li Jian Nan
Published: March 2013

The WC-Fe bulk composites were prepared by means of the plasma jet metallurgy using WO3, C and Fe-based alloy powder as raw materials. Phases of the composites were mainly WC, W2C, M6C, M7C3 and (Fe, Ni).The WC grains formed in situ had rectangular or triangular shapes with size of 30-70μm. The growth morphology of Fe3W3C was faceted polygon and herringbone. The formation of the unique composite microstructure was attributed to the incomplete peritectic reaction between W2C and Fe3W3C.
Characteristics of Silicon Nanowire Field Electron Emission
Authors: Tsai Hsin Luen
Published: March 2013

Silicon nanowires with fine tip curvature and high aspect ratio are the promising alternative as the electron emitter to promote field electron emission characteristics. The fabrication of silicon nanowires based on the vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) mechanism was performed in the low pressure chemical vapor deposition chamber in the present work. The gold has its lower eutectic point than other materials and deposited on silicon wafer as the catalyst for silicon nanowire synthesis. The structural properties of the nanowires, including number density, size, aspect ratio and tapering geometry, were optimized by various experimental recipes. The results showed that the low turn-on filed of the nanowire was comparable with the published materials. The 1.2 V/μm low turn-on field was detected from the silicon nanowires which have high aspect ratio and tapered tip emitter when the silicon nanowires were synthesized under the reaction conditions at 620 °C grown for 60 minutes with silane and nitrogen flow rates at 100 SCCM.
Mechanochemical Assisted Synthesis of Titanium Silicalite-1
Authors: Zhang Jun , Qiao Sheng Ru
Published: March 2013

Titanium Silicalite-1 (TS-1) zeolite was successfully synthesized through a mechanochemical assisted processing. In this method, an amorphous silica-titania precursor was firstly prepared through a mechanochemical treatment. TS-1 was then synthesized by the hydrothermal treatment of the silica-titania precursor with tetrapropylammonium bromide (TPABr) as the template. The results of the XRD, UV-vis, and FT-IR spectrum indicated that the titanium atom was incorporated into the amorphous silica-titania precursor during the grinding, and was also retained in the final TS-1 framework after the hydrothermal treatment. SEM image showed that the TS-1 appeared in a shape of elongated prism. The catalytic performance of TS-1 was examined by phenol hydroxylation with hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant. The results indicated that TS-1 synthesized by this method exhibited a good activity.
Preparation of Controlled Release Urea and its Release Characteristics
Authors: Hao Shi Xiong , Liu Xing Yong , Yu Zu Xiao
Published: March 2013

A series of novel coated urea, which do no harm to soil, were prepared by the method of melt atomizing coating. The coating is composed of paraffin wax, rosin and the CaHPO4 powder which used as additive. The release characteristics of the coated urea were determined by marinating in water and in soil respectively. Surface and cross-section morphology of the coated urea were studied by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The influences of coating content on the nitrogen release rate were discussed. The results indicate that the coating content plays a significant role in the nitrogen release. The results of release data regression show that the nitrogen release behavior of the coated urea could be characterized by the first-order release kinetics; the releasing period in water at 25 is 10.07 d for CRC-25, 17.88 d for CRC-30 when 80% nitrogen was released, respectively. And the releasing period in soil at 25 °C is over 130 d for the two coanted urea; the SEM for the coated urea show that the aperture in the membrane is less than 2 μm.
Study on Compound Corrosion Inhibitor of Aluminum in Salt System
Authors: Wei Ying Li , Tian Ya Qiang , Yang Xiao Hong
Published: March 2013

The corrosion inhibition rate of the new aluminum compound corrosion combining aluminum ion with one or multiplicate additive is high to 78 percent in the environment of 1% chloride sodium. Dealing the carbon steel in salt solution with aluminum compound corrosion and making the film covering it, then dealing it with SN in the close environment, the corrosion inhibition rate to the carbon steel reached above 90%.
The Parameters of Preparing Polyaniline Doped by Hydrochloric Acid
Authors: Fu Ren Chun , Huang Hui , Guo Zhong Cheng
Published: March 2013

The reaction parameters about oxidative chemical polymerization of aniline in hydrochloric acid were seriously studied. The optimization parameters of the preparation of polyaniline were obtained: the concentration of aniline is 4％（mass percentage），the molar rate of oxidant((NH4)2S2O8):aniline is 1.2:1~1.3:1, the concentration of dopant is 1mol/L and the influence of solvent. FTIR was employed to character the structure of polyaniline.
A Novel Formula of Diverting Acid System and Application
Authors: Li Yong Ming , Zhang Xue Ping , Zhang Qin Wen , Gong Yang , Zhao Jin Zhou
Published: March 2013

The key to successful stimulating carbonate reservoir is acid uniformly distribute in entire reservoir, diverting acid technology could effectively solve this problem. In this paper, completed a series of single agent contrast tests, such as corrosion inhibitor optimization evaluation experiment, Fe stabilizer optimization evaluation experiment, diverting agent optimization evaluation experiment, then formed a novel formula of diverting acid system. Meanwhile carried out a series of performance tests of acid system, including acid apparent viscosity test, high temperature dynamic corrosion test, acid dissolving rate test, acid etched conductivity test, acid-rock reaction kinetic parameters test, diverting acid diverting performance test, the results show that this system could keep stability and present well diverting performance in high temperature conditions. Stimulated a well by using this novel diverting acid system, achieved acid uniform distribution in heterogeneous reservoirs, and stimulation ratio was significant.
Comparative Study on Compositions of Oil-Water Transition Layer before and after ClO2-Treatment Process
Authors: Yuan Dan Dan , Wu Hong Jun , Sheng Hai Xia , Sui Xin , Wang Bao Hui
Published: March 2013

In order to meet the need of separating oil from water in the settling tank of the oilfield, ClO2 treatment for oil-water transition layer in settling tank is introduced. The field test displayed that the technique was achieved by a good performance. For understanding the oxidation and mechanism, compositions of oil-water transition layer were comparatively studied for before/after ClO2-treatment in this paper.The experimental results show that the compositions before and after ClO2-treatment, including physical structure and chemical composition, were varied in the great extension. The physical structure, consisting of water, oil and solid phase, was reduced to less than 5% of water and 0.5% of solid particle and increased to 95% of oil in layer compared with before-treatment, easily leading to clearly separating water from oil. The chemical composition of iron sulfide and acid insoluble substance in solid phase was decreased to more than 90% while the carbonate was reduced more than 70% . After the treatment, the viscosity reduction of the water phase in the layer was reached to 50% after oxidation demulsification with ClO2. The chemistry was discussed based on the principles and experiments. Due to ClO2 destroying (oxidizing) the rigid interface membrane structure which is supported by natural surfactant, polymer and solid particles with interface-active materials, the action accelerates the separating of water and oil and sedimentation of insoluble residue of acid in the layer. By demonstrating the experimental data and discussion, we can effectively control the oxidation performance of chlorine dioxide, which is very meaningful for oilfield on the aspect of stable production of petroleum.
Structure and Electrochemical Performances of LiFePO4/C Composite Cathode Coating with Different Carbon Sources for Lithium Ion Batteries
Authors: Fan Chang Ling , Han Shao Chang , Li Ling Fang , Bai Yong Mei , Zhang Ke He , Chen Jin , Zhang Xiang
Published: March 2013

Three kinds of carbon resources, poly(vinyl alcohol), phenol-formaldehyde resin and epoxy resin, were used to prepare the LiFePO4/C composite (LFPC-1, LFPC-2, LFPC-3). XRD patterns show that the LFPC composites possess the typical olivine structure. The particle size and the reunited degree of LFPC-1 are smaller than those of LFPC-2 and LFPC-3. The discharge capacities of LFPC-1 at different C-rates are also much higher than those of the other two samples. Its discharge capacities at 0.1 C and 1 C are 158.8 mAh g-1 and 136.20 mAh g-1. Its discharge curve can maintain the stable potential platform of 3.3 V at the rate of 1 C. LFPC-1 possesses the highest electrical conductivity of 5.76×10-2 S•cm-1. This is because the ID/IG value of 1.20 in Raman spectra is much lower than that of LFPC-2 and LFPC-3. The selected area electron diffraction in the TEM of LFPC-1 shows directly that the graphitized carbon is formed on the cover surface of LFPC-1 composite.
A Comparative Investigation on Foamability and Structure of Al Foams Added with Precipitator and Cenosphere Fly Ash Particles
Authors: Prapajaraswong Attanadol , Asavavisithchai Seksak
Published: March 2013

Al foam is an advanced engineering material with many outstanding properties, such as very low density, high specific strength and stiffness, and large energy absorption. In the present study, pure Al foams were mixed with either cenosphere or precipitator fly ash particles of various contents. Fly ash particles are used in Al foams as reinforcement and stabilising materials which enable the foams with large expansion. It is found that Al foams with precipitator fly ash particles of various contents exhibited larger expansions than the foams with cenosphere fly ash particles. The quantitative analysis also revealed that more stable foam structure was obtained in Al foams with precipitator fly ash addition.
Effect of Different Strain on Microstructure Evolution of Medium Carbon Steel
Authors: Tian Peng , Zhong Zhi Yong , Hui Wei Jun , Bai Rui Guo , Zhang Xing Li
Published: March 2013

Uniaxial hot compression simulation experiment at 700°C with different true strain was carried out to study the microstructure evolution of medium carbon steel, the predominant mechanism on the cementite softening has been explored, the experimental results show that the volume fraction of deformation induced ferrite (DIF) increased with increasing true strain and even exceeds the equilibrium content. With the increase of DIF, more and more carbon atoms congregated in the boundaries such as the interface of DIF and the interphase of DIF/deformation austenite. Carbon congregation provides the right carbon content and the optimized microstructure for divorced decomposition during the process of controlled cooling. Therefore spherical or rod-like cementite and degenerated pearlite can be obtained.
Torque Performance Measurement System for Spring in Seat Belt
Authors: Cao Li Gang , Feng Hao
Published: March 2013

To acquire torque performance in seat belt conveniently and precisely, the measurement scheme based on stepper motor was established. The hardware was developed with high-speed data acquisition unit based on PCI protocol. The software which includes user interface and data acquisition control module etc was developed with multithread technique and document-view architecture. The experiments with seat belt spring show that the max torque error of the system is 0.08N.cm. The system has merits of high precision, easy operation and can provide reliable data for spring torque performance in seat belt.
A Motion Vehicle Detection Method Based on Self-Adaptive Background Subtraction with Cumulative Inter-Frame Difference
Authors: Zheng Hong , An Wen Ju , Li Zhen
Published: March 2013

Against the poor accuracy of the vehicle counters extracted by existing vehicle detection technology, a motion vehicle detection method based on self-adaptive background subtraction with cumulative inter-frame difference is proposed in this paper. Cumulative inter-frame difference is used to subtract binary object mask. According to the binary object mask, in the area of moving objects the pixels of last background are used to modify the current background, otherwise the pixels of current image are used. The result of this operation is the current background. Then the background difference method is used to detect moving vehicles.
RF Characteristics of SiO2/HfO2/SiO2 MIM Capacitor
Authors: Kwon Hyuk Min , Kwon Sung Kyu , Choi Woon Il , Sung Seung Yong , Shin Jong Kwan , Kang Chang Yong , Jammy Raj , Lee Hi Deok
Published: March 2013

RF characteristics of metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitors with SiO2/HfO2/SiO2 (SHS) were investigated using an equivalent circuit model that is associated with the main impedance ZMIM.cap and the substrate-related conductance Ysub. However, the parasitic capacitance in Ysub was lower than that of another element component in ZMIM.cap, which makes difficult for accurate RF modeling because the parasitic component was dominant at high frequency regions. As low parasitic component is eliminated from the modeling, the extracted capacitance for SHS MIM capacitor was stable up to 20 GHz. The Q-factor and resonant frequency (fr) point of SHS structure are 23.9 at 1 GHz and 9.76 GHz, respectively.
Polycrystalline Silocon-Oxide-Nitride-Oxide-Silicon Flash Memory on SiO2 and Si3N4 Buffer Layer for System on Panels Application
Authors: Lee Sang Youl , Oh Jae Sub , Yang Seung Dong , Yun Ho Jin , Jeong Kwang Seok , Kim Yu Mi , Lee Hi Deok , Lee Ga Won
Published: March 2013

For the system on panel applications, we fabricated and analyzed the polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) silicon-oxide-nitride-oxide-silicon (SONOS) memory device on different buffer layer such as oxide or nitride. The threshold voltage (VT) and transconductance (gm) are extracted from each device and the X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) measurement is carried out to interpret these characteristics. The results show the device on oxide layer has higher mobility and lower VT than on nitride layer. From the XRD spectra, it can be explained by the fact that the grain size of poly-Si on oxide layer has larger than on nitride layer. The both devices show program/erase characteristics as the potential of SOP memory devices.
Investigates of Fabric Coating Approaches: Process and Observation
Authors: Wan Tao Yu , Stylios G.K.
Published: March 2013

In this work, polyurethane coating on the fabrics is studied in the Basecoater 200. The structure and morphology of coated fabrics were investigated using SEM and soaking test in the cured coated samples. Coating thicknesses, surface friction coefficient and surface roughness variation of the samples were measured using the surface tester of the KESF. Results showed that uniform and cross linking degree of the surface layer of coated samples have close relevant with coat processing. The performance quality of end products can be achieved by optimization of process variables, including coating speed, coating solution, and cure temperature and fabric matrixes during fabric coating processing.
Experiment on the Fabrication of the Ni-Fe Micro Structure
Authors: Zheng Xiao Hu
Published: March 2013

The artificial neural network (ANN) and Orthogonal experimental design was applied in the research of main process parameters of electroforming Ni-Fe microstructure. In order to obtain the suitable parameters of the deposit, an ANN with 3 layers was built and trained based on orthogoality experiment using back propagation algorithm. The characteristics of the micro electroforming process were analysed systematically. And the optimal process parameters to obtain Ni-20% Fe deposition was as following: FeSO4•7H20 concentration: 5.5 g/L; PH value of the solution: 2.5; current density: 3.5 A/dm2; electrolyte temperature: 55 °C. The results indicate that the Ni-Fe deposit is bright and compact. Electrodeposited Ni-20% Fe has a strong paramagnetic effect with the smallest value of remanence 0.036 mA•m2 and the coercivity: 0.187 kA/m. The Ni-Fe micro electroplating process for the fabrication of microstructure was optimised.
Numerical Analysis of Debonded Honeycomb Sandwich Structure under Compressive Load
Authors: Zhu Tao , Chen Jin Long , Gong Wen Ran
Published: March 2013

In this paper, the finite element method (FEM) was applied to predict the local buckling behavior and the debond propagation in honeycomb sandwich panels with face-core debond under in-plane compressive load. The finite element model of the sandwich panel was built, the cohesive element was used to model the adhesive between faces and core, the influence of the debond shape and size on the failure mode, critical buckling load and residual compressive strength of the sandwich panels was investigated, the rule of the damage propagation was summarized. The compression strength of the sandwich panels with through-width face-core debond decreases with increasing debond length. For the panels with central circular debond, when the diameter is less than 15mm, the panels will failure by global buckling and the debond will not grow. When the diameter is greater than 15mm, the panels will failure by local buckling and the critical load strongly decreases with increasing debond diameter. In addition, the direction of debond growth is predominantly perpendicular to the applied load.
Interference Fit Design Assessment and Improvement for the Railway Wagon Wheelset with 30 Ton Axle Weigh
Authors: Xue A.S. , Zhao Y.X. , Yang B.
Published: March 2013

Design reliability is analyzed for the interference fits of the railway wagon wheelset with 30 ton axle weigh. Aim focus on eliminating fretting fatigue damage of the wheelset. An extreme wheelset loads set is deduced by which can yields the thermal mechanical loads on the wheel same to the code AAR S 660. Integrated wheelset model of finite element method is applied to calculate the stresses on the fits to consider the physical fit relationship of wheelset, in which the rail pieces, wheels, axle, bearings, and adapters are fitted together by contact phases. It is revealed that the fits are all in the press stress states for the original design. But the stresses seem smaller than the least reasonable value for the reliable fits between wheels-axle. An improvement suggestion is provided to rise the fit scale to 0.23 mm equal to 0.01 percentage of the wheel-hub hole diameter. Calculation results verify that the press stresses have been controlled in the reasonable range.
Strength Analysis of the Seat Anchorages for Large Passenger Vehicles Using Finite Element Method
Authors: Siwadamrongpong Somsak , Rooppakhun Supakit , Murachai Natchaya , Burakorn Pakorn
Published: March 2013

Since the vehicle accident is one of the major causes of dead and injury in Thailand, especially the large passenger vehicle. The seat anchorage was often damaged and lead to high number and critical of patient. To improve the safety of large passenger vehicle, seat anchorage should be investigated. The aim of this research was to analyze strength of seat anchorages for the bus according to European standard ECE Regulation 80 using finite element method and DOE(Design of Experimental) approach. In this study, the boundary conditions on finite element model of seat structure were defined according to the regulation. It is expected that the simulation techniques could be advantaged for seat anchorage analysis. This result will be used for further improvement of the bus seat anchorage design for safety and cost reduction in design processes.
The Weight Reduction Design of the Regenerator CA Nozzle in FCC Unit Using the FEA
Authors: Lee Il Taek , Kim Hyun Sik , Choi Namr Young , Hong Dong Pyo
Published: March 2013

Recently, due to the rising of oil prices, interest in FCC Unit (Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit) energy recycling is increasing. FCC Unit (Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit) is a mechanical used to convert bunker C oil into high quality gasoline. Pressure vessel of FCC Unit is that refining the crude oil when is operating in high-temperature and high-pressure environment. So it needs analysis of structure carefully. In this paper, FEA (Finite element analysis) of the FCC unit was performed to evaluate its structural stability and weight reduction. The equivalent stress of the FCC unit was investigated and compared against the ASME code design specifications. The area of high stress concentration with maximum stress higher than the prescribed value was analyzed locally to carefully evaluate the stress. Finally, we were reduces the thickness of the CA nozzle in FCC unit, and it was satisfied structural stress.
Shear Reinforcing Influence of GFRP Shear Connectors in the Concrete Sandwich Wall Panel (CSWP) for Exterior Envelopes of Buildings
Authors: Oh Tae Sik , Jang Seok Joon , Yun Hyun Do
Published: March 2013

This paper summarizes the experimental results of concrete sandwich wall panels (CSWP)specimens under pull-out loading conducted to investigate the effect of insulation type and reinforcing area of shear connector made with glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) on the shear behavior of CSWP used as exterior cladding walls.In this study, two types of thermal insulations;expanded polystyrene(EPS)and extruded polystyrene with special slots(XPSS) and wave-shaped GFRP shear connectors with different reinforcing area; 6mm x 2mm and 12mm x 2mm were used for CSWP specimens.Test results indicated that the types of insulations and reinforcing area of GFRP shear connectors have a significant effect on the direct shear behavior between concrete wall and insulation. As reinforcing area of GFRP shear connector increase, increase in shear strength of CSWP with EPS insulation is less than CSWP specimens with XPSS insulation due to relatively lower strength of EPS compared to XPSS strength.
The Visualization Manufacturing System Research Based on Three-Dimensional Process Model of Full Information
Authors: Meng Biao , Yan Ya Jun
Published: March 2013

Three-dimensional visualization manufacturing technology based on the model defined is an emerging technology in the digital manufacturing of modern aviation, and that is a development trend of air-crafts, three-dimensional assembly process design. The technology mainly through the integration of the three-dimensional process design and process simulation systems, complete the connection of instructions、information and data which generated from design and simulation stage, and through integrating with MES, pass the completed design information of process to the production site to achieve visual assembly, get through a technology roadmap of product design and process design and on-site visualization assembly of model-based definition. Solved the difficult problem of the digitizing processing information obtained from the traditional two-dimensional drawings, and improved the overall efficiency of the manufacturing cycle.
Strength Analysis of Chassis Structure for Double Deck Bus
Authors: Boonpuek Perawat , Rooppakhun Supakit , Siwadamrongpong Somsak , Bua-Ngam Sarawut
Published: March 2013

Chassis strength and durability of local buses has been successively developed as many large automobiles due to reason for safe passenger transportation. This paper describes design method and strength analysis of chassis structure for double deck bus. C-beam and L-beam are created and assembled as for chassis frame structure by using CAD software. Finite element simulation is employed to evaluate total deformation and strength of designed bus chassis structure according to reliable safety factor from engineering design principle. Loading condition for simulation includes fully applied bending forces that are defined as heavy weight exerted on member joints. Finite element simulation result reveals that the fracture stress is not over than yield stress of the material. Safety factor is 2.16, which is the acceptable value under defined safety standard from department of land transport.
Thermodynamic Feasibility of Cogeneration Gas/Steam Combined Cycle
Authors: Elhaj Mohamed A. , Yassin Jamal S. , Hegaig Ali E.
Published: March 2013

This paper is to investigate the thermodynamic feasibility of cogeneration gas/steam combined cycle, in which a computer program, called “Cogeneration Design" has been developed using MATLAB (v7.8) for the analysis. In this cycle one can take advantage of the thermal energy to produce steam which can be used in some small and medium-sized factories such as dairy , juice, soap, paper factories, as well as in desalination plants and other industrial applications need hot water or steam. Here, the thermodynamic analysis is carried out according to three cases, (1)non condensing steam turbine, (2) condensing steam turbine, (3)extraction condensing steam turbine. The results obtained show a difference between the three studied cases, in which the overall efficiency is the highest for case (1), equal 52.82 %, then for case (3), equal 49.13 %, then for case (2), equal 45.31 %.
The Velocity Decay Property of Different Shape Fragments for Explosive Anti-Riots Munition
Authors: Ou Yang Di Hua
Published: March 2013

In order to assess the safety of the explosive anti-riots munition, proceeding with the fragment’s force condition was analyzed in the flying process, the dynamical model of the fragment for the explosive anti-riots munition was deduced, then the velocity decay property of different shape fragments were calculated and analyzed also. The results show that the velocity decay of the spherical fragment is slowest, next came the rectangular fragment and the irregular shape fragment, with the same initial velocity (v0) and separation angle (α), and the velocity decay of the same fragment at α >0 is more quickly than at α <0, with the same initial velocity (v0).
Affection Mode of Temperature on the Lithium-Ion Battery Performance Used in Electric Vehicle
Authors: Li Chao , Sun Ze Chang , Gu Wei Jun
Published: March 2013

Temperature is the most important external impact factor on the performance of lithium-ion battery used in electric vehicle. The affection mode and internal mechanism of temperature on the capacity and internal resistance is analyzed qualitatively based on the accelerated life testing results. And the issue related to the implementation of the battery life evaluation is also discussed. The testing samples for this study are two types of high power lithium-ion battery with 8Ah rate capacity, including Manganese oxide lithium-ion battery and Phosphate iron lithium-ion battery.
The Emergency Rescue and Path Optimization of Dangerous Goods Based ArcGIS
Authors: Chen Yong Guang , Wang Qing Juan , Zheng Bai Ping , Liu Chun Zhi
Published: March 2013

A mathematical model of the road network about emergency rescue is studied on ArcGIS software and Dijkstra algorithm. It provides a shortest path method through the optimization process in Chongqing city. A good Study on city accidents emergency response plan may be established.
Cytocompatibility Comparative Study of Hydroxyapatite Coating on Titanium Alloy Treated with Two Chemical Routes
Authors: Si Qing Zong , An Xiao Li , Li Yang , Liu Bin , Wang Jin Qing
Published: March 2013

In order to prepare bioactive hydroxyapatite (Ca10 (PO4)6(OH) 2, HA) coating with ideal biocompatibility, the surface of titanium alloy was treated with the two kinds of chemical methods, which are the acid-alkali-combination method and Self-polymerization-adhesion of dopamine. After pretreatment, the treated titanium alloy plates were immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) to form HA coating on their surface. The chemical composition of the coating was analyzed by an X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the morphology was observed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). After that, the plates were training in vitro cytotoxicity test with MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts. Compared with the results of cell culture, the method of Self- polymerization -adhesion of dopamine showed better cell adhesion and proliferation..
Design of a Multi-Mode Asymmetric Waveform Generator for FAIMS
Authors: Xu Xiao Wen , Guo Ya Jie
Published: March 2013

The performance of a high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) detector is directly related to the quality of the asymmetric waveform generator. In this paper, we propose a design scheme of a multi-mode asymmetric waveform generator based on the half-bridge architecture, using a direct digital synthesizer (DDS) method to produce a frequency adjustable square wave pulse and half-sine pulse signal. An isolation circuit was combined with a drive circuit through a TLP250 which is a MOSFET driver chip with photoelectric isolation. The frequency of the proposed waveform generator can be easily controlled.
The analysis of 3-Level Charge Pumping in SOHOS Flash Memory
Authors: Yang Seung Dong , Yun Ho Jin , Jeong Kwang Seok , Kim Yu Mi , Lee Sang Youl , Oh Jae Sub , Lee Hi Deok , Lee Ga Won
Published: March 2013

This paper discusses the 3-level charge pumping method in planar-type Silicon-Oxide-High-k-Oxid e-Silicon (SOHOS) and Silicon-Oxide-Nitride-Oxide-Silicon (SONOS) devices to find out the reason for degradation of data retention properties. In the CP thechnique, a pulse is applied to the gate of the MOSFET which alternately fills the traps withe electrons and holes, thereby causing a recombination current Icp to flow in the substrate. A 3-level charge pumping method may be used to determine not only interface trap densities but also capture cross sections as a function of trap energy. By applying this method, SOHOS device found to have a higher interface trap density than SONOS device. Therefore, degradation of data retention characteristics is attributed to the many interface trap sites.
Application Research of rCOS-Based Trusted Requirement Engineering
Authors: Duan Guo Yong , Yang Jing
Published: March 2013

With the development of the information age, the demands for computer software have become increasingly complex. Increasing scale, with the development of enterprises, and the reorganization of the work process, which make the requirements change become increasingly frequent. Formal theoretical foundation based on rCOS, leads to integration and refinement for Volere requirements process model. According to the RUP process, a trusted Simple Volere Requirement Model has been constructed to solve the requirements change as a very effective way.
Classification Algorithm Based on Category Attribute’s Mathematical Expectation
Authors: Zhang Lin , Zhang Jian Li
Published: March 2013

The thesis introduced a classification algorithm- CAME which based on the training set’s mathematical expectation of each class attribute for unknown data. This algorithm converted the non-numerical or discrete attributes to the corresponding numerical data first, then calculate the mathematical expectation of data which belonging to different categories of numerical attributes. When a new data is needed to predict its classification, let each attribute’s mathematical expectation with existing categories as coordinate, then calculate the distance from new data attribute to various categories. The new data will belong to the category that has the shortest distance to the new data. This algorithm is not affected by attribute’s property or the number of category, and has high accuracy and good scalability.
Mining Methods Based on Vague Optimization Evaluation
Authors: Wang Hai Feng , Ren Hong E , Zhang Kun , Wang Hong Xu
Published: March 2013

Method based on vague optimization evaluation is vague pattern recognition. There are six detailed steps of application. The first, Set up Techno-economic indicator system. Secondly set up preparative optimization scheme sets. Thirdly set up optimal scheme in theory. It is made up of each Techno-economic indicator optimal data. Fourthly transform techno-economic input data into vague data. The fifth, Calculating similarly measures. Similarity measures will be evaluated between preparative optimization scheme vague sets and optimal scheme in theory. The last is vague optimization evaluation. The weight of each preparative optimization scheme is given. The data of weighted similarity measures by the weight factors are obtained. And applying them we obtain the good and bad sort of vague optimization scheme. The new similarity measures formula between vague sets is given. The formula is indispensable in the method of vague optimization evaluation. Application examples show that the Vague optimization evaluation method to the conclusion is reliable.
Fire Detection Technologies Based on Video Image
Authors: Li Meng Xin , Xu Wei Jing , Zhang Ying , Hou Jing
Published: March 2013

Because of high fire frequency and huge losses, the research of fire signal detection in the monitoring system is an important task in the fire-preventing field. The fire signal detection method based on vision can overcome the shortcomings that exist in some traditional methods i.e. it can surmount the large impact on environmental interference factors, such as temperature, photographic and smoke of environment. With many researcher’s results, it shows clearly that the error rate of flame recognition is low, and also the real-time ability and the anti-disturbance ability are very good.
Application of Snakes Model in Metal Fracture Images Processing
Authors: Wang Qi , Weng Gui Rong
Published: March 2013

This paper is using contour line model (Snake model) and the principle of mathematical morphology to process the SEM, AFM, TEM image of metal failure.Including the image denoising and enhancement, target segmentation. Because of SEM, AFM, TEM image can better reaction the metal fracture failure in microstructure, suitable to analyze its image characteristics, then combined with the method of the paper uses to process the scanning image. The experimental results show that, using the Snake model for metal failure image processing is practical and effective feasible, can obviously improve image quality.
A Method of Micro-Blog Sentiment Analysis Based on PAD Model
Authors: Cao Hai Tao , Li Ming Chu , Jiao Dong , Feng Bin
Published: March 2013

This paper presents a new method of micro-blog sentiment analysis, introducing quantifiable PAD emotion model applied to the emotion analysis of the Chinese micro-blog, to get more detailed classifications, and to their quantitative description micro-blog expression of emotion. Using affective analysis wording set of HowNet, we built the PAD emotion dictionary, calculated the emotional orientation of micro-blog based on it. The experiments show that analysis of the micro-blog emotion using the PAD emotion model can get practical accuracy.
Analysis of Class Design Coupling Based on Information Entropy
Authors: Jiang Di , Zhou Hua , Sun Xing Ping
Published: March 2013

In object-oriented programming, designing class is one of the most important steps of software development. How to analyze and evaluate the class design is an important topic in the field of software engineering. The paper puts forward a method which is based on information entropy to quantify the coupling of class design. Compared to the conventional methods, this method has a better operability and accuracy. On the above basis, this paper validates the feasibility of the method by the case studies.
Software Design and Implemention about the Automatic Mmunoenzymatic Analytic System
Authors: Wen Ying Li , Zhu Lian Qing , Wang Jun , Zhou Mu
Published: March 2013

The paper establishes the basic framework of the software system: firstly, the principles used by the automatic immunoenzymatic analytic system are introduced, and then design the main functional modules. This system is developed in Visual C++ 6.0 environment and takes the style of Windows XP, achieved in the whole Chinese operation interface for bulk sample detecting and data processing, making the automation of adding sample, dilution, incubation temperature, cleaning, calculate results come true, finally in the graphics, curve, data and other forms display test results and instrument working condition.
Tribology and Self-Repairing Nature of RE Nanophase Composite Material
Authors: Guo Ze Cheng , Chen Ming , Zhao Dong Bo , Zhang Fei Meng
Published: March 2013

RE nanophase composite material between the grain size 30nm and 100nm are prepared by the method of mechano-chemistry，in which the material’s adsorptive capacity to metal base is checked，and the nature of anti-friction as well as self-repairing effectiveness to the surface of abrasion is tested by four-ball friction wear testing machine. The results show that RE nanophase composite material prepared by the method of mechano-chemistry has a good adsorptive capacity to metal base，and the wear surface can be covered and repaired under dynamic condition；RE nanophase composite material used as anti-friction material is test and verified.
Research on Improvement Road Impedance Function Based on Vehicle Navigation System
Authors: Wang Rui , Wang Zai Tang
Published: March 2013

Comparing with some widely used road impedance functions, this paper choose BPR model as base model of improvement, and determine the parameter of BPR model. We apply the improved model to vehicle navigation system in the path planning algorithm, and experiments proved that the model satisfies navigation path planning requirement and have universal performance.
Theoretical Analysis of the Sole Plate of Semi-Rigid Light Steel Column Footings on the Basis of Winkler Model of Elastic Foundation Beam
Authors: Li Xiao , Ding Min , Jiang Xiu Gen
Published: March 2013

To obtain the pressure distribution model on the sole plate of semi-rigid light steel column footing, the deflection formulas of beams with free ends on elastic foundation subjected to arbitrarily concentrated load and arbitrarily trapezoidal load were developed by applying the Winkler model of elastic foundation beam and initiate-parameter expressions of deformation and internal force by presetting boundary condition and calculating with Maple software. The sole plate of semi-rigid square steel tube column footing was converted into elastic foundation beam which is supported by concrete foundation, the mechanical model of the sole plate subjected to eccentric load was obtained, and the theoretical solution of pressure distribution on the sole plate was presented. Then the theoretical solution was compared with the numerical solution via an example. The results show that the two solutions meet well with each other, and there is much great difference between the pressure distribution on sole plate of semi-rigid light steel column footing and the linear pressure distribution model in common use. As a result, the semi-rigid column footing stiffness would be overestimated by using linear pressure distribution model. The fruits presented in this paper are useful and convenient to the design of semi-rigid light steel column footing.
A Current Reused Divided-by-Two Frequency Divider
Authors: Shi Xiao , Huang Fu Qing , Liu Zhi Lin , Wu Jian Hui
Published: March 2013

In this paper, a low power dissipation divide-by-two frequency divider is presented. The master latch and the slave latch of the divide-by-two frequency divider are stacked in cascode to reuse the current. The frequency divider can operate with only half the current of a conventional divider. A divide-by-two frequency divider based on the proposed topology is designed and simulated in a 0.18μm 1P6M CMOS process. Simulation results show the frequency divider can operate up to 11GHz with only 0.66mW power dissipation under 1.8V supply voltage. And it also demonstrates good phase noise performance.
Null Compensator Testing Convex Freeform Surface Mirror with CGH Technology
Authors: Zhang Zhong Yu , Zhang Bin Zhi
Published: March 2013

The Computer Generated Hologram（CGH）technique is the main method for optical testing the free form surface .For testing a convex free form surface mirror, a CGH element with the surface testing, interferometer and free form mirror precise position function was designed by use of appropriative software, the testing precision was less than 0.011λ（λ=632.8nm）in RMS value by this means.
Software Reliability Test Methods Based on Component Composition and Markov Process
Authors: Gao Zhi Jie , Sun Fu Chun , Lu Ling
Published: March 2013

With the continuous improvement of the software quality requirements, more and more attentions are paid to the reliability of software systems. Most of the existing reliability models rely on the cumulative test time to characterize the reliability improvement, while ignoring the saturation effects and software module failure characteristic differences exist, making the test results to low confidence. In this paper, Markov description methods are utilized in reliability calculating process to improve the fictitious-excellence problem in current testing models. Finally, the method is applied to a flight control system software reliability testing. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.
Construction of Smart Building Skins with Flow and Bend Split Products
Authors: Schäfer Stefan , Ljubas Ante , Abedini Scholeh
Published: March 2013

Global energy price development causes a growing demand for energy efficient architectural building concepts. As a part of a systemic approach, smart building skins provide an option to reduce overall energy demands. In this regard, intelligent adaptivity of the building skin promotes environmental responsivity ensuring optimized energy use. Smart skins as eco-technological environments are mostly produced with serialized and prefabricated elements. Advances in serialized pre-fabrication reduce costs in relation to structural complexity of smart skin designs. Integral potentials of flow and bend split components for adaptable façade structures are projected with an exemplified foldable structure defining a cost-effective production solution for smart skins. Integrated, experimental scripting methods, jointing and mechanizing techniques are applied for this first prototype.
Development of a Portable Fingerprint Attendance System for University Student
Authors: May Zazilah Binti , Basiran Khair Syuhadak
Published: March 2013

The current product of fingerprint attendance systems offer minimal, nonflexible and costly system. With an increasing awareness of efficiency of fingerprint attendance system, the implementation of portable fingerprint attendance system has gain interest. The implementation is achieved using a combination of hardware and software development. A Motorola handphone model Atrix 4G is being used as a hardware device while software development is based on the Android operating system. Software called Eclipse is used for the development of android application which based on the Java script language. In this paper, the result of the system were shown sequentially, demonstrating that the system able to run safely and efficient in any real-time conditions.
Theoretical Studies on the Electronic Structures and Spectral Properties of Two Iridium(III) Complexes with Tetraphenylimidodiphosphinate Ligand
Authors: Han De Ming , Zhang Gang , Zhao Li Hui
Published: March 2013

The geometrical structures, electronic structures, and spectral properties of two Ir(III) complexes with tetraphenylimidodiphosphinate ligand were investigated theoretically. The ground and the lowest lying triplet excited states were fully optimized at the B3LYP/LANL2DZ. TDDFT/PCM calculations have been employed to predict the absorption and emission spectra starting from the ground and excited state geometries, respectively. The lowest lying absorptions were calculated to be at 436 and 405 nm for the two Ir(III) complexes, respectively, and they have the transition configuration of HOMO → LUMO. The lowest lying transitions can be assigned as metal/ligand-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT/LLCT) character for the two Ir(III) complexes. Ionization potentials (IP) and electron affinities (EA) were calculated to evaluate the injection abilities of holes and electrons. The theoretical results can be expected to provide valuable information to design new OLED materials.
Optical Properties of Diamond-Like Carbon Films Modified by Platinum
Authors: Prikhodko Oleg , Manabaev Nurlan , Guseynov Nazim , Maksimova Suyumbika , Mikhailova Svetlana , Assanov Gani
Published: March 2013

ion plasma sputtering, carbon diamond-like films, modification, metal nanoclusters, optical properties, plasmon resonance.