bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simulation of mechanical and physical properties of a carbon nanotubes bundle under the transverse compression using a chain model with the reduced number of degrees of freedom
Authors:   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Abdullina D. U. , Galiakhmetova L. Kh. ,   Institute for Metals Superplasticity Problems of RAS, Bebikhov Yu. V. ,   Polytechnic Institute (branch) of M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University in Mirny
Published: October 2022

The paper studies a bundle of oriented carbon nanotubes (CNTs) under the transverse loading under the plane deformation conditions within the framework of a molecular dynamics model with a reduced number of degrees of freedom. The model takes into account CNT wall stretching and bending, as well as van der Waals interactions. Each CNT is represented by a ring of atoms with two degrees of freedom in the plane of the ring. The discrete nature of the model allows describing the large curvature of the CNT wall and the destruction of CNTs at very high pressure. CNT crystal equilibrium structures are obtained under the strain-controlled biaxial loading. Separate CNTs of a sufficiently large diameter have two equilibrium states: with a round and collapsed cross section. Small-diameter CNTs in the free state can only have a circular cross section. The study identified the presence of two phase transitions observed during biaxial compression of a CNT bundle. The first transformation similar to phase transition of the second order leads to ellipticization of CNT cross sections. As a result of the second transition of the first order, bundled CNTs appear in the beam, the proportion of which gradually increases with the increase in compressive strain. The authors calculated beam elasticity constants such as Young’s moduli, shear modulus, and Poisson’s ratios. The study shows that one of the equilibrium structures (with elliptical CNT cross sections) has the property of a partial auxetic, that is, it has a negative Poisson’s ratio under uniaxial loading in a certain direction. The proposed chain model can be effectively applied to analyze physical and mechanical properties of bundles of single-walled or multi-walled CNTs under the plane deformation conditions, and after simple modifications, it can be used to similar structures made of other two-dimensional nanomaterials.
Simulation of overcoming obstacles in the form of pores by dislocations in tungsten
Authors:   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Kazakov A. M. , Sharapova Yu. R. ,   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Babicheva R. I. ,   Nanyang Technological University, Zivovev A. V. ,   SCK-CEN (Belgian Nuclear Research Centre), Terentyev D. A. ,   SCK-CEN (Belgian Nuclear Research Centre), Semenov A. S. ,   Mirny Polytechnic Institute (branch) of North-Eastern Federal University
Published: October 2022

Tungsten is widely used as a material capable of withstanding working conditions in nuclear reactors and other extreme conditions. Under the influence of irradiation, such defects as Frenkel pairs, pores, and dislocation loops are formed in the metal. Therefore, the research aimed at studying the interactions of these defects with each other and their influence on the mechanical properties of the metal are relevant. The paper presents the theoretical study based on the molecular dynamics method, the purpose of which is to investigate the mechanism of strain hardening of tungsten associated with the interaction of dislocations and pores. The authors solved this problem using the LAMMPS package, carried out the integration of atoms motion equations by the fourth order Verlet method. The model under the study is a single crystal of a certain [111], [–1–12], [1–10] orientation along the basic X, Y, and Z coordinate axis relatively, in which the slip of edge dislocations in the main slip system of BCC metals and their interaction with pores is considered. The authors studied the influence of a pore size on the shear stress magnitude: the growth of pore diameter is proportional to the stress growth. The dependences of shear stress on the shear strain in the temperature range of 600–1400 K are calculated, whereby the temperature change does not significantly influence the stress value. The study shows that dislocations cut the pores and, upon the repeated interaction with a pore, a lower value of peak shear stress is observed than during the first one. The presence of pores leads to the flow stress increase, and such an effect becomes more evident with the increasing pore diameter. The flow stress increases thrice for pores with a diameter of 6 nm compared to the material without pores. The authors described the mechanism of interaction between the edge dislocations and pores under the influence of shear stress.
The study of influence of temperature and speed conditions on the mechanical properties of bioresorbable Zn–4Ag–Cu zinc alloy during equal-channel angular pressing
Authors:   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Fakhretdinova E. I. , Khafizova E. D. ,   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Asfandiyarov R. N. ,   Ufa State Aviation Technical University,   Institute of Physics of Molecules and Crystals of Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Raab G. I. ,   Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Islamgaliev R. K. ,   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Semenov A. S. ,   Polytechnic Institute (branch) of M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University in Mirny
Published: October 2022

Recently, innovative medical techniques for restoring lost functions of patients have been actively developed, in which the use of bio-soluble (bioresorbable) materials is of particular importance. Such materials include alloys based on Mg, Fe, and Zn, and can significantly reduce the cost of surgical operations and shorten the duration of treatment. However, these metals have such disadvantages as insufficient strength and increased fragility to be used in medical implants. Therefore, increasing the mechanical characteristics of bioresorbable alloys is an urgent problem. In this work, the authors solve this problem using an advanced method of plastic treatment – severe plastic deformation (SPD), which, due to active initial structure refinement to nano- and ultrafine state, allows effective improvement of the mechanical strength of metal materials. The authors used the most effective and well-spread SPD method –equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP). The paper presents the results of computer ECAP research of Zn–4Ag–Cu zinc alloy at different deformation rates (0.4 and 7.8 mm/sec) and temperature conditions (150, 200 °C) chosen based on equipment performance potential and conditions to ensure thermal stability of the structure. The patterns of distribution of accumulated deformation degree, deformation rate, average stress values, and temperature-force conditions are obtained. According to the results of computer modeling, the authors recommended carrying out ECAP processing at the temperature of 150, 200 °C and a speed of 0.4 mm/s, which ensures a uniform thermal field at the deformation zone. During the experimental work according to the selected modes, the authors obtained samples after four ECAP cycles, which had advanced mechanical properties improving performance characteristics. The increased strength will allow minimizing the implants’ sizes ensuring less trauma during their installation and faster dissolution in the physiological environment of the body when retaining functionality.
Impact strength of VT6 titanium alloy with the ultra-fine grain structure produced by the equal-channel angular pressing method
Authors:   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Modina Iu. M. , Dyakonov G. S. ,   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Stotskiy A. G. ,   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Miftakhov D. T. ,   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Semenova I. P. ,   Ufa State Aviation Technical University
Published: October 2022

The wide use of two-phase titanium alloys in aircraft engine building, as well as the intense development of this industry, stipulate more and more stringent requirements to structural materials and the enhancement of their reliability, strength and performance characteristics. The formation of an ultrafine-grained (UFG) state in metals and alloys using severe plastic deformation (SPD) processing enables achieving high strength properties. However, an important aspect of UFG materials is their structural and textural effects which may lead to a strong anisotropy of their properties. In this respect, the authors studied the effect of microstructural features on the mechanical properties and impact toughness of the VT6 alloy after equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) and subsequent deformation by upsetting, imitating die forging. The study showed that the formation of a UFG structure in the VT6 titanium alloy with a grain size of about 0.4 µm allows increasing the ultimate tensile strength up to 1250 MPa. The additional upsetting of the UFG alloy at T=750 °C leads to grain growth up to 0.5–1 µm and a decline in strength to 1090 MPa as a result of the recovery and recrystallization processes. Impact toughness tests were conducted on specimens with a V-shaped stress raiser at room temperature, showing that the impact toughness of the UFG VT6 alloy was 0.41 MJ/m2. The tests revealed the anisotropy of impact toughness in the UFG VT6 alloy after equal-channel angular pressing and additional upsetting due to the metallographic and crystallographic texture formed as the result of deformation treatment. In test direction No. 1, the impact toughness value is the lowest and equals 0.31 MJ/m2.
Thermal stability of the ЭИ-961Ш steel structure after combined processing
Authors:   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Frik A. A. , Nikitina M. A. ,   Ufa State Aviation Technical University,   Bashkir State University, Islamgaliev R. K. ,   Ufa State Aviation Technical University
Published: October 2022

A crucial aspect in the development of materials with improved functional properties is ensuring their ability to withstand the operating temperatures of a finished product. To increase the service life and efficiency of products made of ferrite-martensite steels, various types of deformation and thermal treatments are used. The authors studied the influence of different temperature regimes on the structure and thermal stability of ЭИ-961Ш ferrite-martensite steel subjected to rolling and additional hardening. As a method of deformation and heat treatment, the authors used cold rolling followed by re-quenching from a temperature above the ferrite/austenite phase transition. The samples were rolled during several passes on a laboratory rolling mill with the deformation of 6 % per pass for a final thickness of 4.3 mm to a reduction degree of 70 %. The authors carried out structural studies by transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The study showed that as a rolling result, a bimodal band structure forms with the distribution of Cr23C6 carbide particles along the grain boundaries. When using additional hardening, an increase in the globular carbides proportion is observed, and during the study by transmission electron microscopy, nano-twins were found in the structure. The bands’ width after the reduction by 50 % was 0.5 microns and after cold rolling and additional heat treatment – 0.4 microns. The authors carried out short annealing in the operating temperature range to study the thermal stability of ferrite/martensite steel structure after cold rolling and additional heat treatment. The thermal stability study showed that many structural features formed during previous deformation and heat treatment are preserved, however, after annealing at 600 °C, there are no visually observable nano-twins in the structure.
Planar superstructural defects in the alloys with L10 superstructure
Authors:   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Khalikov A. R. , Bebikhov Yu. V. ,   Polytechnic Institute (branch) of M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University in Mirny, Korznikova E. A. ,   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Dmitriev S. V. ,   Institute of Physics of Molecules and Crystals of Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: October 2022

Planar superstructural defects have a great influence on the mechanical, functional properties of binary ordered alloys of the L10 superstructure based on the fcc lattice, but there is no complete analysis of their structure and energy in the literature. For the L10 superstructure alloys of the stoichiometric composition AB, the paper gives the expressions for calculating the sublimation energy and the energy of a planar superstructural defect in the model of hard coordination spheres and pair interatomic interactions. The crystal lattice tetragonality was not taken into account. The authors presented the ordered alloy structure as a union of four monoatomic simple cubic lattices, two of which are occupied by A atoms, and the other two by B atoms. This approach allows calculating the sublimation energy required for crystal evaporation. The first eight coordination spheres were taken into account in the work. The paper shows an algorithm for determining all possible geometrically different representations of the L10 superstructure with the same sublimation energy, gives an expression for finding the planes of occurrence of all possible conservative antiphase boundaries. The study identified that the conservative and nonconservative antiphase boundaries, as well as conservative and nonconservative boundaries of C-domains are observed in the binary ordered alloys of the L10 superstructure based on the fcc lattice. The algorithms described in this work make it possible to carry out a crystal-geometric analysis of planar defects in both binary and multicomponent ordered alloys with various superstructures.
THE DETERMINANTS OF COOPERATION AND INTERACTION BETWEEN TEACHER AND PARENTS OF BEGINNING PUPILS
Authors: Telekova Radka , Marcinekova Tatiana
Published: October 2022

In the presented contribution, we address the issue of forming a mutual relationship and establishing cooperation between the teacher and parents. At the beginning of schooling, the establishment of high-quality cooperation between the teacher and the pupil's parents is an important aspect of supporting the successful school adaptation, academic results and comprehensive personality development. In the contribution, we also pay attention to the formation of the cooperation competence of the teacher in undergraduate training and in the framework of his professional development. The aim of the contribution is to carry out a theoretical analysis of the selected issue and, in particular, to find out the prerequisites for cooperation and the determinants of the mutual relationship between teacher and parent. For this purpose, we carried out pedagogical research in practice. By conducting research and analyzing research findings, we found that teachers consider gaining parents' trust to be the most important prerequisite for cooperation with parents. According to the results, the mutual relationship between the teacher and the parents of beginning pupils is most influenced by the willingness to communicate with each other, and the type of parent is also a significant determinant.
The dialectics of antagonism: The critique of G. W. F. Hegel’s philosophy in R. Girard’s mimetic concept
Authors:   Belgorod National Research University, Gafurov Maxim V.
Published: October 2022

Introduction. In this article, the author examines the mimetic concept of R. Girard in the context of the correspondence polemic with the philosophy of Hegel, in the interpretation of A. Kojeve. Theoretical analysis. As part of the historical and philosophical research, the author identifies the similarities and differences between these concepts, discovers the reception and influence of Hegel’s philosophy on Girard’s mimetic concept. The conceptual apparatus of the mimetic concept is analyzed: mimesis, mimetic desire, indifference, sacrifice, and similarities between these notions and the concepts in Hegel’s philosophy are revealed. Particular attention is paid to Girard’s critical view of Hegelian thought: the dialectic of antagonism, and the concept of the “end of history”. The author conducts a comparative analysis of these philosophical concepts, focusing on the problem of desire in Hegel and Girard, as well as on the phenomenon of sacrifice. A separate research interest is the influence on the views of Girard by the authors who were influenced by A. Kojeve such as Jean-Paul Sartre, Roger Caillois, and Georges Bataille. Conclusion. Despite Girard’s attempt to distance himself from Hegel’s philosophy, Hegel’s influence is revealed, in the interpretation of A. Kojeve, on some of Girard’s key concepts: the problem of desire, the antagonistic nature of human existence, and sacrifice as an anthropological principle.
Skepticism: Historical and logical forms and perspectives
Authors:   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Maslov Vadim M.
Published: October 2022

Introduction. The permanent relevance of skepticism is due to its ancestral connection with philosophy. The problematic nature of the definition of «skepticism» in the conditions of post-non-classical ambiguity of modern social development determines the immediate relevance of the analysis of skepticism. The complexity and novelty of the goal determine the choice of the historical and logical method of research and the emphasis on its logical component. Theoretical analysis. A consistent analysis identifies three main historical and logical forms of philosophical skepticism: absolute, partial and methodological. Absolute skepticism is a consequence of uncompromising acceptance of agnosticism (Pyrrhon). Absolute skepticism, relativism and dogmatism exhaust the question of the possibility of philosophy. Absolute skepticism, which is self-destructing, cannot serve as the basis for life. Acceptance of agnosticism and finding reliable knowledge in the world around a person are the essence of «partial skepticism» (Sextus Empiricus). The reliable knowledge necessary for him or her is open to dogmatism (I. Kant). The quality of critical developments of skepticism, on the one hand, can strengthen the position of relativism and contribute to the growth of doubt in the world, on the other hand, leads to the formation of «methodological skepticism» – auxiliary tools for criticizing someone else and asserting one’s point of view (scientific skepticism). Conclusion. In the modern world, the importance of positively balanced and maximally justified partial skepticism is growing, the specifics of which is consonant with the emerging post-non-classical rationality.
The anthropological nature of M. M. Bakhtin’s chronotope
Authors:   Kazan Institute (branch) of the All-Russian State University of Justice (RPA of the Ministry of Justice of Russia), Sirotkin Yuri L.
Published: October 2022

Introduction. The relevance of the topic is substantiated and the purpose of the study is formulated. Theoretical analysis. An anthropological interpretation of M. M. Bakhtin’s chronotope is proposed. The unity of the chronotope is maintained by the dynamically nonequilibrium ratio of time and space. Chronotope expands the idea of an event and a place. The simultaneous presence of a person in a chronotope and a chronotope in a person is organic and inseparable. The peculiarity of a person’s perception of a space-time whole is determined by the ability to perceive an artistic image framed as a text. A person feels several chronotopes and lives in them simultaneously, but they also coexist in a person in parallel. The world of the heroes of the Renaissance narrative becomes open, while maintaining the integrity of the chronotope perception. The role of the road as a meeting place at the intersection of space-time perspectives is of exceptional importance. Conclusion. The anthropological nature of the chronotope is revealed. The concept of a chronotope is defined as a space-time whole. The formula of a person in a chronotope and a chronotope in a person is derived. The continuity of the chronotope is indicated by an event and a place. The perception of time-space has a concrete historical character and is carried out through the comprehension of an artistic image. In Modern times, the universalization of the perception of the chronotope is being consolidated, deepening the understanding of its anthropological nature.
Positive organizational psychology: Foreign research review (valuable past, relevant present, and possible future)
Authors:   Saratov State University, Zhizhina Maria V.
Published: October 2022

Introduction. The article is a review of foreign studies carried out in line with positive organizational psychology - a field of interdisciplinary scientific knowledge whose purpose is to study the factors that lead a person and an organization to prosperity. The article identifies the key thema tic blocks included in the semantic field of modern positive organizational psychology. Theoretical analysis. The theoretical review shows that over the past ten years, in accordance with the ever-increasing demand for empirically proven principles for developing and implementing positive psychological interventions in organizations, there has also been a rapid increase in the number of research projects devoted to this issue, which make a certain contribution to the development of existing theoretical models and further evolution of the ideas of positive organizational psychology. Meanwhile, the results of the theoretical analysis showed that in foreign interdisciplinary research there is still room for discussions between supporters and opponents of using positive lenses wih the aim to focus and solve certain organizational problems. Сonclusion. The article makes a conclusion about the practical significance of attracting domestic organizational psychologists’ attention to the study of the positive aspects of the functioning of both the organization itself and the person in the context of the organization.
The character of interhemispheric speech asymmetry in aphasia disorders and its influence on quantitative markers of speech perception and aphasia dynamics
Authors:   Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry – the branch of V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Shipkova Karine M.
Published: October 2022

Introduction. In neuropsychological practice the dichotic listening task has been widely used for more than 50 years as a valid test for determining the laterality of auditory speech asymmetry. Theoretical analysis. Most of the studies of the dichotic listening task in aphasia are characterized by small sample groups, a wide demographic features of them, lack attention to the type and aphasia severity, a size of local brain damage as well. Without taking into account these important factors it is difficult to answer to some questions: 1. whether the vector of auditory speech asymmetry is determined by the age, type and aphasia severity; 2. whether the laterality of auditory speech asymmetry affects the dynamics of aphasia recovery. The aim of the study: the connection between quantitative parameters of the dichotic listening task and the dynamics of aphasia regression. Empirical analysis. Material. The study involved patients (N = 109) with traumatic and post-stroke efferent motor (50.7 ± 10.1 years) and acoustic mnestic (54.4 ± 8.2 years) aphasia of mild and moderate severity of speech disorders. Methods. Kimura’s dichotic listening task modified by B. S. Kotik; the quantitative assessment of speech in aphasia L. S. Tsvetkova, T. V. Akhutina, N. M. Pylaeva. The speech assessment was carried out twice: before and after a 6-week course of speech rehabilitation. Results. Between efferent motor and acoustic mnestic aphasia groups the difference in the laterality of ear superiority was revealed. The efferent motor aphasia group shows the ambidextrous pattern in auditory perception. The dichotic listening task efficiency increases with a burst of the left ear productivity and vice versa with the right ear. The acoustic mnestic aphasia group presents a pronounced effect of the right ear suppression. Its productivity is significantly lower than the productivity of the left ear and the same indicator of the efferent motor aphasia group. The effectiveness of the dichotic listening task in the acoustic mnestic aphasia group does not exhibit a correlation with the parameters of productivity of the right or left ear. The aphasia groups vary in the dynamics of aphasia regression. In the acoustic mnestic aphasia group, this dynamics was 2.5 times higher than in the efferent motor aphasia group. Conclusion. The right hemisphere laterality in auditory speech perception correlates positively with the dynamics of aphasia regression. Further research should find an answer to the question of the constellations of significant factors and their hierarchical relationships that could determine the positive dynamics of recovery of aphasic disorders.
Formation of positive motivation in teaching conservatory students through Enlightening projects
Authors:   Saratov State Conservatory, Stankovich Diana F.
Published: October 2022

Introduction. The problem of teaching motivation is a key one in psychological and pedagogical science. Positive motivation determines the trajectory of a student’s development throughout the entire educational activity. If students lack cognitive interests, motives to learn, develop, and improve then in the future it is difficult for such young people to become competitive specialists. Theoretical analysis. A comparative analysis of this problem allowed us to formulate the following: today, the teacher faces an important task of forming a positive motivation in teaching modern students in the process of educational activity with the help of new interesting forms of communication. The author of the article offers an experimental experience of creating a new form of interaction between a student and a teacher. An enlightening project is proposed as one of the ways to form a positive motivation for educational activities at the conservatory. Such a practice of cooperation between a teacher and a student does not exclude classical classes as such, but offers another way of creative work. Conclusion. The novelty of this form of interaction is given by the innovative internal component and the methodological foundations on which each enlightening project devoted to a certain topic is based. In creating an enlightening project as a new form of work, the author used the basic principles: the principle of openness, variability, dialogicity, pedagogical support and support.
Ocular Findings in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Retrospective Study
Authors: ÇETİNKAYA Yasemin Fatma
Published: October 2022

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the accompanying ocular findings, frequency and to examine the complications in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patients.

Method: Medical records of Rheumatoid Arthritis patients who were consulted with the eye clinic between 2017 and 2022, were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic features, eye examination findings, and detected eye diseases were noted.

Results: The records of 23840 Rheumatoid Arthritis and related patients who were consulted with the Eye Clinic were reviewed. From these patient records, 2691 patients, who were especially diagnosed with seropositive Rheumatoid Arthritis, were evaluated in detail within the scope of the study. Ophthalmological examination findings obtained from the records were examined. In particular, anterior segment biomicroscopy, Schirmer test, tear break-up time (BUT) and fundus examination was evaluated. 2067 of the patients were female and 624 were male. And the mean age was examined. When the average age is examined; patients aged 41-65 years were the most common (1795 patients (1374 women, 421 men)). The most common sign of ocular involvement was a dry eye(%25.97). Less frequently, episcleritis was found in 4.57% of patients, and scleritis was found in 1.37%. There were no patients with posterior or necrotizing scleritis among the patients examined. In addition, posterior scleritis of the cornea, scleromalacia, or retinal vasculitis were not detected in our patients.

Conclusion: Rheumatoid Arthritis is a disease that can progress with extra-articular findings and may even appear as the first finding. Ocular findings may accompany the disease at a considerable rate. It can also affect the prognosis of the disease with the right perspective.
Integracja ubezpieczeń środowiskowych i systemów zarządzania środowiskowego według ISO 14001 – raport z badań
Authors: Lemkowska Malwina
Published: October 2022

Integration of environmental insurance and environmental management systems according to ISO 14001 – a research report. The article is a summary of research on the actual and potential integration of environmental insurance and ISO 14001 environmental management systems (EMSs) in Poland. The aim of the research is to analyze the relationship of the above-mentioned instruments of environmental risk management and to identify the factors determining the propensity of enterprises to implement such elements of the system that will increase the usefulness of ISO 14001 standards for insurance purposes in the future. The data for the study were obtained through an asynchronous group interview conducted on the Bulletin Board platform among insurance sector experts and through a survey of organizations that implemented the ISO 14001 system in Poland. Template analysis of qualitative data, supported by narrative techniques and statistical analysis based on the chi-square test of independence, U Mann–Whitney test, Kruskal–Wallis test, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient were used to interpret the data. Environmental management systems according to ISO 14001 are not, in their current form, used in the process of providing insurance cover for environmental risk. Organizations managed according to ISO 14001 rarely design and implement solutions useful to insurers. The latter, however, are statistically significantly correlated with the awareness attributes of the organization. Awareness attributes were also strongly related with the variables describing the propensity to implement additional – useful for insurance purposes – EMSs elements. The strongest motivators for the above, however, were of a non-insurance nature (e.g. obtaining tax credit).
Wykorzystanie kaskad kopuli w agregacji ryzyka w procesie wyznaczania kapitałowych wymogów wypłacalności w Solvency II
Authors: Szczęsny Krystian
Published: October 2022

The use of vine copula constructions in the process of determining solvency capital requirements in Solvency II. One of the basic aspects of the Solvency II Directive introduced in 2016 is the protection of the insured against the insolvency of insurance companies. For this purpose, by aggregating the solvency capital requirements for the specific types of risk to which the insurer is exposed, the solvency capital requirement (SCR) and the diversification effect (ED) are determined. Insurers are able to calculate the SCR using the Standard Formula given by the authors of the Directive or internal models developed by their insurance companies. The Standard Formula is based on the variance-covariance method, which assumes a constant correlation matrix that defines the relationships between aggregated risks to which the insurer is exposed. The aim of the research is to use, in internal models, pair-copula constructions in order to model the relationship between aggregated risk modules. The structure of the relationship between the aggregated risks is modeled with the use of C-vine and D-vine copula, while the range of possible SCRs resulting from various dependency modeling methods is determined using the ARA (Adaptive Rearrangement Algorithm). In the study, the author arbitrarily assumes loss distributions for the insurer’s five major risk modules, i.e. market, counterparty default, life, health, and non-life modules. The author compares the ED obtained by the variance-covariance method, the ED obtained with the use of copula and the ED corresponding to the upper limit of the SCR determined by the ARA algorithm. The conducted research shows how important in the SCR and ED determination process is the role played by the correct identification of the structure of the relationship between aggregated risks and presents the possibilities of using pair-copula constructions for this purpose.
Surgical Sperm Retrieval Techniques for Assisted Reproductive Technology
Authors: KAYRA Mehmet Vehbi , TURUNÇ Tahsin
Published: October 2022

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection provides in vitro fertilization for many infertility conditions. It is also an important treatment option for fertilization in azoospermic men. Sperm production in azoospermic male testicles is possible. In these patients, sperm extraction from the epididymis or testis is required before intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Numerous sperm retrieval procedures for obtaining sperm from the epididymis or testicles have been developed. The spermatozoa obtained by these methods are used in intracytoplasmic sperm injection for in vitro fertilization. The most important factor when determining the sperm retrieval method is whether the azoospermia is obstructive or non-obstructive. In addition, the experience of the surgeon performing the procedure is also effective in determining the sperm retrieval technique. In this review, sperm retrieval methods are presented, and current developments in these sperm retrieval methods are also mentioned. The indications of surgical sperm retrieval methods in both obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermic patients, the technical aspects of each method, possible complications, advantages and disadvantages of these methods are presented, and their superiority to each other are also discussed. In addition, evidence for the fertilization rates after intracytoplasmic sperm injection using sperm obtained by these methods and continuation of pregnancy is presented in a comparative manner and critically discussed.
El Cabildo y el visitador: la reforma de policía en Lima, 1784-1787
Authors: Montalvo Enmanuel
Published: October 2022

Las reformas borbónicas suscitaron una serie de enfrentamientos políticos entre las élites de poder locales y los funcionarios peninsulares que buscaban implantarlas. Esta cuestión resulta crucial, pues, a largo plazo, el éxito o fracaso de la reforma se explicaría por el nivel de coincidencia de intereses entre ambos grupos. En el caso del Perú, la reforma de policía es un claro ejemplo de cómo la lucha política intrínseca al proceso reformista fue clave para darle sentido a un corpus reglamentario específico para la ciudad y el cabildo de Lima. Este seguía las directrices establecidas por la Península, pero también demostraba un carácter local, producto de las luchas políticas entre las élites locales y el visitador Jorge de Escobedo.
De cómo un conflicto parroquial influyó en los debates sobre la laicidad argentina: la destitución del cura de San Cristóbal en 1886 y sus inesperadas derivaciones
Authors: Di Stefano Roberto
Published: October 2022

En la historia argentina, la década de 1880 es célebre por los debates públicos en torno a la definición de la laicidad. En ese decenio se discutieron y promulgaron tres proyectos legislativos que se cristalizaron en las «leyes laicas» de educación, registro civil y matrimonio civil. En 1886, un conflicto aparentemente baladí entre un párroco de los suburbios de Buenos Aires y el arzobispo potenció un enfrentamiento que alcanzó las más altas esferas políticas y eclesiásticas, concitó la atención de personajes públicos de primera línea y hasta dio lugar a la adopción de medidas legislativas relevantes. La historia de ese episodio es interesante porque puso sobre el tapete temas cruciales que hacían a la definición de la laicidad y porque muestra el peso que un hecho fortuito, en principio intrascendente, puede adquirir en la toma de decisiones al más alto nivel, ilustra las intrincadas relaciones que median entre acontecimientos, coyunturas y transformaciones estructurales y nos habla de los vínculos dialécticos entre los discursos y sus contextos de enunciación.
Jaime Edmundo Rodríguez Ordóñez (1940-2022)
Authors: Peralta Ruiz Víctor
Published: October 2022

Uno de los más destacados historiadores latinoamericanos fue, sin duda, Jaime Edmundo Rodríguez Ordóñez. En la siguiente nota, se traza su semblanza biográfica y su importante contribución al mejor conocimiento de la historia del proceso de la Independencia de América del Sur. La producción de Jaime Rodríguez fue diversa y siempre en diálogo con la historiografía latinoamericana y europea.
La implementación de las políticas públicas adoptadas por el Estado peruano frente al impacto del COVID-19 en la violencia contra las mujeres e intrafamiliar
Authors: Huaita Alegre Marcela , Hancco Rodríguez Norely
Published: October 2022

En el presente artículo, las autoras analizan la respuesta del Estado peruano a través de la implementación de diversas políticas públicas con el objetivo de contrarrestar la violencia contra las mujeres e integrantes del grupo familiar fortalecida y desencadenada por el contexto de la pandemia del COVID-19. 

Primero, las autoras estudian las medidas tomadas de manera inmediata por el Estado peruano durante el inicio de la pandemia y las sitúan en el contexto latinoamericano mediante una perspectiva comparada. En un segundo momento, tales medidas se analizan con el fin de hacer un balance entre los límites y logros en su implementación efectiva durante el primer año de la pandemia.
Vacuna contra el COVID-19: ¿el ordenamiento jurídico peruano permite su aplicación obligatoria?
Authors: Valero Quispe Christian Dennis
Published: October 2022

El sector salud no fue el único afectado por la pandemia producto del COVID-19, la rápida propagación de este virus impactó en la educación, la economía, el trabajo, el turismo, entre otros sectores. Esta situación conllevó a que diversos laboratorios farmacéuticos de todo el mundo inicien una investigación para desarrollar una vacuna. Como resultado de estas investigaciones, a nivel internacional, en pleno 2020, se llevó a cabo un proceso de vacunación; por su parte, en el Perú se inició con este proceso a inicios de 2021. 

En el presente artículo, el autor analiza si el ordenamiento jurídico peruano permite la aplicación obligatoria de la vacuna contra el COVID-19, para ello se realizó una ponderación de derechos entre la libertad individual de quienes no desean vacunarse y la salud pública. Adicionalmente, se sostiene que una medida como restringir el acceso a espacios cerrados debe considerar los principios de razonabilidad y proporcionalidad. De este modo, se concluye que no es posible someter a un tratamiento médico a una persona que no haya expresado su consentimiento; sin embargo, sí existe la posibilidad de imponer restricciones como prohibir el acceso a medios de transporte o el ingreso a universidades a las personas que no estén vacunadas.
Enhancement of Rural Livelihoods Through Cluster Front Line Demonstrations on Pigeonpea Variety (Amaravati) in Ananthapuramu District of Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Jyothi V. Siva , Bhargavi K.
Published: October 2022

Background: Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.) is the predominant pulse crop growing in the Ananthapuram district during kharif season with a normal area of 53994 ha. The production and productivity of pigeon pea is low due to most farmers were using long-duration variety of pigeon pea (LRG-41), which faces terminal drought, leading to lower yields in the district and constant efforts were made to increase production by interventions of Krishi Vigyan Kendra, reddipalli of Ananthapuram. Moreover, the study area falls under arid and semi-arid climatic conditions. Methods: Krishi Vigyan Kendra has conducted cluster frontline demonstrations (CFLD) in pigeonpea from 2017-18 to 2019-20 in a total of 160 ha to assess the performance of enhanced, high yielding and wilt resistant pigeon pea variety i.e., LRG-52 along with integrated crop management practices in KVK espoused villages in Ananthapuramu district. Result: The upshots divulged that the demonstrated variety was chronicled as high-pitched yields compared to farmers’ practices in the course of the study window and touched upon in 12.45, 47.62 and 11.73 per cent increase in harvest was during 2017-18 to 2019-20 respectively. The demonstrated yield was 596 kg/ha, 124 kg/ha and 581 kg/ha compared to farmer’s practice of 530 kg/ha, 84 kg/ha and 523 kg/ha from 2017-18 to 2019-20 respectively. The technology gap, extension gap was recorded 904 kg/ha, 1376 kg/ha and 919 kg/ha, 66 kg/ha, 40 kg/ha and 61 kg/ha during 2017-18, 2018-19 and 2019-20 respectively. The technology index was ranging from 60.2 to 91.7 during temporal variation from 2017-18 to 2019-20. It can be concluded that pigeon pea production can be enhanced by encouraging farmers through the adoption of medium duration, high yielding variety LRG-52, upgraded technologies and ensuring need-based inputs in due time.
Multivariate Analysis for Elucidating Genetic Diversity of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Germplasm using Agro-morphological Traits
Authors: Kumar Amit , Kumar Hitesh , Singh Chandra Mohan , Kumar Mukul , Sharma Vijay , Kumar Sunil , Panwar G.S.
Published: October 2022

Background: Chickpea is grown on a large scale in India but the productivity is very low as compared to other chickpea-growing countries. Because, in India, the crop is affected by many biotic and abiotic stresses and also has a narrow genetic base in germplasm lines, which are the prerequisite of any breeding program for developing high-yield varieties. The breeding program’s success depends on genetic variation and efficient selection strategies that make it possible to exploit exist­ing genetic resources. Methods: The agro-morphological characterization of 94 chickpea germplasm accessions including four checks viz., JG 14, JG 16, JAKI 9218 and Radhey was carried out during Rabi 2018-19. The experiment was laid out in augmented design in nine blocks. The analysis of variance was estimated with the help of statistical software SPAD and using the statistical package Windostat version 9.1. Result: The significant variance among the germplasm lines was found for most of the studied traits. Genetic diversity analysis revealed the grouping of genotypes into eight distinct clusters irrespective of breeding centers. The maximum number of 32 genotypes was fallen in cluster II and the minimum in cluster VI which consisted of 8 genotypes, whereas clusters IV and VIII were identified as bi-genotypic clusters. Clusters VII and IV showed maximum inter-cluster distance indicating the maximum genetic diversity among the genotypes of these clusters. Principal component analysis transformed data into three variables (PCs) which contributes 97.78 percent of the total variation. The genotypes identified in this study will be utilized in chickpea improvement programs.
Designing an Android-based mobile app to address issues with online shopping
Authors: Salama Ramiz , Arab Duaa Abu
Published: October 2022

Recently, most companies have develop mobile applications since phones are the main way to use the Internet rather than computers. Based on the evidence, the year 2021 witnessed a huge increase in the number of online purchases, especially during the corona pandemic and other diseases that emerged after it. This research, therefore, aimed to develop a mobile application that can provide ease of shopping and help its users to take advantage of discount prices across their region, especially during the COVID-19 lockdown. ‘Discount Guide’ was a great solution during this time and forever. This application is designed to allow the seller and the buyer as well to sell or buy discounted items. This app was built using the Java language, Android studio, Gradle and JUI to design the app effectively and more easily. As a result, the customer gets the benefit from using the app for online shopping on their Android devices.
 
Keywords: Android, application, mobile, MySQL, online shopping, smartphone;
La enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19) y la iniciativa de excepción de los derechos de patente de las vacunas: oportunidades para México
Authors: Castellanos Aradit , Hugo Flores Víctor
Published: October 2022

In this paper we give an overview of the initiative that proposes the exception of patent rights for vaccines against the COVID-19, the global crisis scenario in which it arose, as well as the main arguments of the controversy that surrounds it. In this context, we analyze and discuss the measures adopted by Mexico for the supply of vaccines and the possible opportunities that this initiative offers.
Digital Marketing Communication Dalam Penghimpunan Zakat Di Indonesia
Authors: Zulfikri Zulfikri
Published: October 2022

This study aims to analyze how it AISAS Model impacted the brand and image of OPZ when it publicised zakat. People's daily communication patterns, which formerly relied on a manual system but have now transitioned to a digital system, have changed as a result of the general rise of internet technology users. People can interact, exchange information, and communicate more easily because to technological advancements, which makes it simpler for them to make judgments. The amount of money raised for zakat since people began living more digitally orientated lives has increased by 30%. Zakat is still much below the intended level, according to data from Baznas, thus digital zakat management and introduction are required to reach a wider audience and raise the number of muzakki and improve zakat collections, respectively. According to Dentsu's theory in promoting and providing zakat literacy, starting with the audience's attention and then attracting (Interest) when displayed on social media and applications so that the audience searches (Search) receives all the information and decides in using the service (Action), all zakat management organizations (OPZ) that are not yet running optimally need to introduce zakat. This research utilizes a qualitative literature review methodology. The information used is secondary data, comprised of articles, books, publications, zakat-related material, and other publications. Secondary information reveals that Baznas has good zakat management, yet there are still OPZs that haven't done it.
La filología y la imagen: cruces entre un mismo plano
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas, Mexico, Rivera Díaz Pedro Emilio
Published: October 2022

Ensayo sobre las relaciones entre las representaciones iconográficas en la Grecia antigua y la Filología, tal como era comprendida en esa cultura, su posterior recepción en la época medieval, así como los posibles orígenes del término 'filología', que el autor sitúa de forma un tanto más sistematizada en Eratóstenes de Cirene, hacia el 250 a. C.
Destierro y cuerpo femenino. Metáforas de la construcción poética en Descripción de un naufragio de Cristina Peri Rossi
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Amador Contreras Mariana
Published: October 2022

Sugerente ensayo sobre la poetisa uruguaya Cristina Peri Rossi y sus peripecias en el exilio, con un análisis a diversos fragmentos de su poemario 'Descripción de un naufragio' (1975), dentro de lo que podría caracterizarse en lo general como un 'experimento' de 'poesía visual'.