bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The limitation of the discovery rules of Court against the right of access to information in South Africa
Authors: Baboolal-Frank Rashri , Adeleke Fola
Published: January 2018

Abstract In South Africa, the Promotion of Access to Information Act 2 of 2000 (PAIA) gives effect to the right of access information in Section 32 of the South African Constitution (the Constitution). Section 7 of PAIA provides that PAIA does not apply to records required for criminal or civil proceedings after commencement of proceedings where access to that record is already provided for in any other law. Where records are obtained in contravention of Section 7, they are not admissible as evidence in criminal or civil proceedings. The aim of this paper is to determine whether the discovery rules of Court limit the constitutional right of everyone to access information. Consequently, the methodology employed in this paper involves a legal analysis namely: a limitations analysis utilising Section 36, the limitations clause of the Constitution. This paper further engages in case law analysis interpreting the exercise of the right of access to information before PAIA was passed and after PAIA was passed to highlight the anomaly of the application of Section 7. This paper argues that Section 7 unconstitutionally limits the ambit of the right of access to information and a direct constitutional challenge on this provision is necessary.
Novel multidisciplinary approach to monitor and treat fetuses with gastroschisis using the Svetliza Reducibility Index and the EXIT-like procedure
Authors: Oliveira Gustavo Henrique de , Svetliza Javier , Vaz-Oliani Denise Cristina Mós , Liedtke Junior Humberto , Oliani Antonio Helio , Pedreira Denise Araujo Lapa
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe our initial experience with a novel approach to follow-up and treat gastroschisis in “zero minute” using the EXITlike procedure. Methods: Eleven fetuses with prenatal diagnosis of gastroschisis were evaluated. The Svetliza Reductibility Index was used to prospectively evaluate five cases, and six cases were used as historical controls. The Svetliza Reductibility Index consisted in dividing the real abdominal wall defect diameter by the larger intestinal loop to be fitted in such space. The EXIT-like procedure consists in planned cesarean section, fetal analgesia and return of the herniated viscera to the abdominal cavity before the baby can fill the intestines with air. No general anesthesia or uterine relaxation is needed. Exteriorized viscera reduction is performed while umbilical cord circulation is maintained. Results: Four of the five cases were performed with the EXIT-like procedure. Successful complete closure was achieved in three infants. The other cases were planned deliveries at term and treated by construction of a Silo. The average time to return the viscera in EXIT-like Group was 5.0 minutes, and, in all cases, oximetry was maintained within normal ranges. In the perinatal period, there were significant statistical differences in ventilation days required (p = 0.0169), duration of parenteral nutrition (p=0.0104) and duration of enteral feed (p=0.0294). Conclusion: The Svetliza Reductibility Index and EXIT-like procedure could be new options to follow and treat gastroschisis, with significantly improved neonatal outcome in our unit. Further randomized studies are needed to evaluate this novel approach.
Do not attempt resuscitation orders at the emergency department of a teaching hospital
Authors: Vancini-Campanharo Cássia Regina , Vancini Rodrigo Luiz , Machado Netto Marcelo Calil , Lopes Maria Carolina Barbosa Teixeira , Okuno Meiry Fernanda Pinto , Batista Ruth Ester Assayag , Góis Aécio Flávio Teixeira de
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify factors associated with not attempting resuscitation. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted at the emergency department of a teaching hospital. The sample consisted of 285 patients; in that, 216 were submitted to cardiopulmonary resuscitation and 69 were not. The data were collected by means of the in-hospital Utstein Style. To compare resuscitation attempts with variables of interest we used the χ2 test, likelihood ratio, Fisher exact test, and analysis of variance (p<0.05). Results: No cardiopulmonary resuscitation was considered unjustifiable in 56.5% of cases; in that, 37.7% did not want resuscitation and 5.8% were found dead. Of all patients, 22.4% had suffered a previous cardiac arrest, 49.1% were independent for Activities of Daily Living, 89.8% had positive past medical/surgical history; 63.8% were conscious, 69.8% were breathing and 74.4% had a pulse upon admission. Most events (76.4%) happened at the hospital, the presumed cause was respiratory failure in 28.7% and, in 48.4%, electric activity without pulse was the initial rhythm. The most frequent cause of death was infection. The factors that influenced non-resuscitation were advanced age, history of neoplasm and the initial arrest rhythm was asystole. Conclusion: Advanced age, past history of neoplasia and asystole as initial rhythm were factors that significantly influenced the non-performance of resuscitation. Greater clarity when making the decision to resuscitate patients can positively affect the quality of life of survivors.
Urinary beta-trace protein gene expression analysis in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Bacci Marcelo Rodrigues , Alves Beatriz da Costa Aguiar , Cavallari Marina Romera , Azzalis Ligia Ajaime , Rozier-Alves Ross Martin de , Perez Matheus Moreira , Chehter Ethel Zimberg , Pereira Edimar Cristiano , Fonseca Fernando Luiz Affonso
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the gene expression of beta-trace protein in urine of diabetic patients, with no reduction in glomerular filtration rate, which was defined as below 60mL/min/1.73m2. Methods: Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were recruited, and a group of non-diabetic individuals served as control. Beta-trace protein gene expression was analyzed by quantitative PCR. Blood samples were collected to establish glucose levels and baseline kidney function. Accuracy was analyzed using ROC curves. Results: Ninety type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and 20 non-diabetic individuals were recruited. The area under the curve was 0.601, sensitivity of 20% and specificity of 89.47%. Among diabetic participants, 18% showed an expression above the cutoff point. Conclusion: These results of accuracy of beta-trace protein gene expression in urine of diabetic patients are promising, although they did not achieve a higher area under the curve level.
New therapeutic option in genitourinary syndrome of menopause: pilot study using microablative fractional radiofrequency
Authors: Kamilos Márcia Farina , Borrelli Celso Luiz
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the clinical response of patients with symptoms of genitourinary syndrome of menopause after application of microablative fractional radiofrequency in the vagina and vaginal introitus. Methods: Fourteen patients with symptoms of genitourinary syndrome of menopause underwent three applications of microablative fractional radiofrequency with a 30-day interval, using the Wavetronic 6000HF-FRAXX device and a fractional vaginal electrode. The questionnaires World Health Organization Quality of Life (for quality of life evaluation), Female Sexual Function Index and Quality of Life Adapted Questionnaire in the Domain of Sexual Satisfaction (for sexual function and satisfaction evaluation) were administered before and after the applications (30 to 60 days after the last procedure), in addition to the satisfaction questionnaire after procedure. Results: There was an increase in almost all dimensions on average in quality of life, with statistical significance only in the health domain. There was a significant improvement in the sexual domains in almost all dimensions. All patients stopped using lubricant during intercourse after treatment. In the satisfaction questionnaire after treatment, we observed that the vast majority felt cured or much better (29% and 64%, respectively, total of 92.6%) and were very satisfied or satisfied (43 and 57%, respectively, total of 100%). The only patient who reported little improvement had an 18-year postmenopausal history and was treatment naïve. Conclusion: Microablative fractional radiofrequency was effective in treating symptoms of vaginal dryness and dyspareunia, and eliminated the use of vaginal lubricant during the period observed. Since this is a pilot study with a small number of patients, further studies are required to corroborate our findings and evaluate the long-term effects of microablative fractional radiofrequency on the vaginal tissue.
Regulation of adiposity by mTORC1
Authors: Magdalon Juliana , Festuccia William Tadeu
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT Obesity is characterized by an excessive increase in the adipose tissue mass, and is associated with higher incidence of several chronic metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes. Therefore, its increasing prevalence is a public health concern, and it is important to better understand its etiology to develop new therapeutic strategies. Evidence accumulated over the years indicates that obesity is associated with a marked activation in adipose tissue of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), a signaling pathway that controls lipid metabolism, and adipocyte formation and maintenance. Curiously, mTORC1 is also involved in the control of nonshivering thermogenesis and recruitment as well as browning of white adipose tissue. In this review, we explored mTORC1 functions in adipocytes and presented evidence, suggesting that mTORC1 may either increase or reduce adiposity, depending on the conditions and activation levels.
The influence of freeze–thaw cycles on the shear strength of illite clay
Authors: Steiner Amy , Vardon Philip J. , Broere Wout
Published: January 2018

Geo-energy infrastructure, such as ground source heat systems (thermo-active structures), induce thermal cycles that can result in changes of the bearing capacity of soil by changing, for example, the void ratio, soil structure, unit weight and hydraulic conductivity. The influence of repeated freeze–thaw (FT) cycles and different freezing rates on the shear strength of a frost-susceptible illite clay was investigated. Samples were subjected to between one and 20 FT cycles, and the shear strength of the thawed material was determined using undrained unconsolidated triaxial tests. After the shear strength decrease due to the first FT cycle, a transitory shear strength recovery occurred between one and three freezing cycles, followed by a shear strength decrease between three and seven FT cycles, which then approached an equilibrium value. Computed tomography scans showed ice lenses increased in size moving away from the freezing surface, and more uniform ice distribution with increasing FT cycles. Changing the freezing rate yielded differences in the formation and structure of ice lenses perpendicular to the freezing direction. The observed failure plane typically coincides with the plane of the largest ice lens due to formation of a slurry layer after thawing.
Examining the Application of Deterrence in Sentencing in Malawi
Authors: Gumboh Esther
Published: January 2018

This article is an exposition of the application of deterrence in Malawian sentencing jurisprudence. Drawing from case law, it explores how courts employed deterrence before 1994 and the role deterrence continues to play in the constitutional era. The paper looks at how it is reflected in the treatment of sentencing factors and influences sentencing policy. It also considers how courts have conceptualised the distinction between specific and general deterrence regarding the principle of proportionality and repeat offenders. The paper concludes with a discussion of an emerging attempt to go beyond deterrence towards giving rehabilitation a greater role in sentencing.
Aboriginal Customary Law: A Source of Common Law Title to Land
Authors: Du Plessis Elmien
Published: January 2018

This contribution provides a short review of the book by Ulla Secher on aboriginal customary law as a source of common law title to land.
Dicentric Chromosome Assay v1
Authors: Málková Andrea , Tichy Ales
Published: January 2018

Dicentric Chromosomes Assay
MQRT-PCR v1
Authors: O´Brien; Aleš Tichý Grainne , Tichy Ales
Published: January 2018

Gene expression - MQRT-PCR Reverse transcriptase reactions were performed using High Capacity cDNA Reverse transcription kit (Applied Biosystems, FosterCity, CA, USA) according to the manufacturer ’ s protocol with 350 ng of total RNA. Multiplex quantitative RT-PCR Real-time PCR was performed using Rotor-Gene Q (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). All reactions were run in triplicate using PerfeCTa® MultiPlex qPCR SuperMix (Quanta Biosciences, Inc. Gaithersburg, MD, USA) with primer and probe sets for target genes at 300 nM concentration each. 3 ′ 6-Carboxyfluorescein (FAM), 6-Hexachlorofluorescein (HEX), Texas Red and CY5 (all from Eurogentec Ltd, Fawley, Hampshire, UK) were used as fluorochrome reporters for the hydrolysis probes analysed in multiplexed reactions with between 2 and 4 genes per run including the control. Cycling parameters were 2 min at 95°C, then 45 cycles of 10 s at 95°C and 60 s at 60°C. Data were collected and analyzed by Rotor-Gene Q Series Software. Gene target Ct (cycle threshold) values were normalized to a Hypoxanthine-Guanine phosphoribosyltransferase 1 (HPRT1) internal control. Ct values were converted to transcript quantity using standard curves obtained by serial dilution of PCR-amplified DNA fragments of each gene. The linear dynamic range of the standard curves covering six orders of magnitude (serial dilution from 3.2 x 10-4 to 8.2 x 10-10) gave PCR efficiencies between 93% and 103% for each gene with R2 > 0.998. Relative gene expression levels after irradiation were determined relative to unexposed controls.
Purification of DNA-dependent RNA Polymerase from Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 v1
Authors: LCB Berwanger Lutz
Published: January 2018

This protocol can be used to purifiy DNA-dependent RNA polymerase from Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 by heparin and ion-exchange chromatography.
Focal therapy of prostate cancer: patient selection, current limitations, and perspective of introduction into clinical practice
Authors: Vasilyev A. V. , Govorov A. V. , Shiryaev A. A. , Sukhikh S. O. , Zherdev A. A. , Shakurov A. V. , Pushkarev А. V. , Tsiganov D. I. , Pushkar D. Yu.
Published: January 2018

Focal therapy is a promising option for localized prostate cancer treatment in low and intermediate risk patients. The combination of minimal invasiveness, disease control and the possibility of re-treatment in case of recurrence have significantly increased interest in focal therapy. However, before the final introduction of focal therapy into clinical practice, a number of significant limitations have yet to be overcome, such as patient selection, visualization of target, the choice of the treatment modality and the surgery planning, as well as the development  of a follow-up protocol. Studies have shown that focal therapy has minimal impact on the quality of life, but its oncological effectiveness has yet to be evaluated in comparison with radical methods of treatment.
Front Cover
Authors: Ohio Academy of Science The
Published: January 2018

No abstract available.
Table of Contents
Authors: Ohio Academy of Science The
Published: January 2018

No abstract available.
Back Cover
Authors: Ohio Academy of Science The
Published: January 2018

No abstract available.
Autoridade e responsabilidade histórica: a ética na constituição da figura de Francisco Lisboa como historiador * Authority and historical responsibility: the ethics in the constitution of Francisco Lisboa’s figure as a historian
Authors: Da Silva Jussara Rodrigues
Published: January 2018

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir como a ética foi um elemento importante nas discussões em torno da constituição da figura do historiador no Brasil oitocentista. Aqui, nos interessa, sobremaneira, a relação entre princípios éticos e autoridade dos relatos produzidos pelos historiadores brasileiros naquele contexto. Como exemplo dessa relação, trazemos para primeiro plano a historiografia de Francisco Lisboa, conhecido como Timon, procurando demonstrar de que forma este autor explorou aspectos morais de seu trabalho de modo a garantir a autoridade de seus escritos. Argumenta-se que, através de problemas éticos como a seleção dos acontecimentos a serem narrados e do ponto de vista adotado pelos historiadores ao narrá-los, Timon reivindicou para si a autoridade de sua historiografia por meio da sua responsabilidade histórica.
Intervir no passado performando o tempo: Achille Mbembe e a Crítica da Razão Negra * Intervene in the past by performing the time: Achille Mbembe and the Critique of Black Reason
Authors: Pereira Allan Kardec Da Silva
Published: January 2018

Resumo: O estudo procura analisar a política do tempo presente no livro Crítica da Razão Negra, de Achille Mbembe (2014). Começaremos por delimitar o que seriam os impasses do tempo disciplinar da história, apontando como os conceitos de “feridas históricas” (Dipesh Chakrabarty), “passado irrevogável” (Berber Bevernage/ Vladimir Jankélévitch) conseguem propor alternativas a essa experiência do tempo. Diante da crise desse modelo de tempo disciplinar, faremos um breve apanhado bibliográfico argumentando a importância de pensar a dimensão performativa da escrita da história. Por fim, tomaremos Crítica da Razão Negra como um estudo de caso. Nossa hipótese é de que a escrita de Mbembe atua de maneira performativa por meio de metáforas e marcadores temporais como “O Negro”, “devir-negro do mundo”, etc. - que remetem à temporalidade espectral de Jacques Derrida – como estratégia ético-política fundamental para o tempo presente.
METODOLOGÍA BIOÉTICA PARA LA TOMA DE DECISIONES EN FAUNA SILVESTRE SOMETIDA A CAUTIVERIO
Authors: Estrada Cely Gloria Elena , Parra Herrera Juan Pablo , Ganem-Galindo Norma Constanza
Published: January 2018

El referente legal colombiano relacionado con la regulación del tráfico ilegal de fauna silvestre supone el establecimiento de estrategias de control que necesariamente generan una importante población de especímenes silvestres bajo custodia de las autoridades ambientales, que deben ser tratados de manera particular e individual, y sobre los que la toma de decisiones, desde el referente legal, superan el ámbito de lo clínico y etológico para ubicarse necesariamente en un ámbito bioético.

 

Para el desarrollo de la investigación fueron empleados métodos analíticos y comparativos, a partir de la revisión del marco legal nacional en materia de uso de animales silvestres y su análisis bioético desde el cual se establecieron los lineamientos para el abordaje de casos, a partir de la construcción de una matriz bioética. Una vez desarrollado el proceso metodológico se establece que el análisis de problemáticas que involucren especímenes de la fauna silvestre requiere de un abordaje que combine efectivamente referentes filosóficos, éticos, bioéticos, científicos y legales, procurando la resolución de cada caso, dentro del marco de calidad de vida del animal y la protección de la vida humana y el ecosistema, para el cual resulta efectiva la Metodología propuesta en la investigación.
Review On: Detection of Spam Comments Using NLP Algorithm
Authors: D.Warkar Miss Rohini , Shaikh Mr.I.R.
Published: January 2018

Detecting trending topics is perfect to summarize information getting from social media. To extract what topic is becoming hot on online media is one of the challenges. As we considering social media so social services are opportunity for spamming which greatly affect on value of real time search. Therefore the next task is to control spamming from social networking sites. For completing these challenges different concepts of data mining will be used. For now whatever work has been done is narrated below like spam control using natural language processing for preprocessing and clustering. One account has been created for making it real.
Incidence of Thyroid Diseases in Saudi Diabetic Patients by Means of Ultrasonography
Authors: Elsayed Naglaa Mostafa , Hakami Amnah , Al-Sulami Bashayer , Al-Sulami Anwar , Alzhrani Maram
Published: January 2018

Introduction: Both thyroid diseases and diabetes mellitus (DM) are common in medical practice in Saudi Arabia. This research was done to study the possible relation between these two diseases.
Materials and Methods: A prospective case control study was carried out to assess thyroid abnormalities by Ultrasound (US) in diabetic patients (type 1 and type 2 ).The study population consisted of 69 diabetic patients (20 Type 1DM and 49 Type 2DM) and 111 non diabetic patients. Thyroid US was done for all participants and thyroid function test mainly thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) was done for all cases that showed positive US changes for thyroid abnormalities.
Results: Abnormal thyroid US was detected in 66.7% of diabetic and 34.2% of non diabetic participants. Multinodular goitre (MNG) was the most common disorder in both types of  DM (78.6% in DMT1 and 56.3% in DMT2), while thyroid nodules were the least common disorder. No significant difference between diabetic and non diabetic patients in TSH results.
Conclusion and Recommendations: The present study showed high prevalence of thyroid disorder in diabetic patients. We recommend routine US for all diabetic patients especially those with long term diabetes, uncontrolled diabetes or complaining of symptoms of thyroid dysfunction.
Quality Implementation of Technical and Vocational Education and Entrepreneurial Skill Acquisition for Technology And Economic Development In Nigeria
Authors: Ajigo Ikutal , Asuquo Edet David , Oliver Abeng Christiana
Published: January 2018

This study examined quality implementation of Technical and Vocational Education (TVE) and entrepreneurial skill acquisition for technology and economic development in Nigeria. It looked at standard of admissions policy, quality of personnel and standard of facilities. Three research hypotheses guided the study. Survey research design was adopted for the study. The population comprised heads of department, units’ heads, senior non-academic staff, 300 and 200 levels students of 2016/2017 academic session from TVE department in two institutions. A sample of 135 respondents out of a population of 562 was drawn from University of Calabar (UNICAL) and Cross River University of Technology (CRUTECH) for the study. Of this number, 125 representing 92.59% return rate was achieved. Census technique was used to select the staff, while purposive sampling was adopted in choosing 300 and 200 levels students in the 2016/2017 academic sessions. On the other hand, systematic sampling was adopted in selecting 300 and 200 levels students that actually responded to the instrument. A validated researcher- made four point rating scale questionnaire captioned “Quality Implementation of Technical and Vocational Education and Entrepreneurial Skill Acquisition for Technology and Economic Development Questionnaire” (QITVEESATEDQ) was used for data collection. A reliability estimate of 0.71 was achieved for the instrument using Cronbach reliability coefficient after a pilot test was carried out. Data collected was analyzed using linear regression statistical tool and all hypotheses were tested at .05 significant level. Findings revealed that admissions policy, quality of personnel and standard of facilities in TVE departments significantly influence the acquisition of entrepreneurial skill for technology and economic development. It was therefore recommended among others that only merit should be the basis for granting admissions into TVE programs if it must lead to the acquisition of adequate entrepreneurial skill for technology and economic development.
Economic analysis of traditional coconut oil production in Aceh Besar, Indonesia
Authors: * Rahmattullah , . Muhammad , Ismail Muhammad Nasir
Published: January 2018

The purpose of this study was to analyse the rentability and profit of traditional coconut oil production.Primary data was obtained by using survey method. Data collection techniques are conducted by census.The processing of oil is done by 6 respondents fermentation and 6 respondents cooking coconut milk. Theresults show that coconut oil production cooking coconut milk is more advantageous in terms of rentabilityand profit. The recommendation given is that the rural mothers switch  from fermentation to cooking ofcoconut milk
Impact on Customer Perception towards ATM Services Provided By the Banks Today: A Conceptual Study
Authors: Vennila Dr.A. , Rathnaraj S.Narendra
Published: January 2018

ATM is one of the most popular delivery channel as it permits customers to do Anywhere, Anytime banking. Both, the bank and customers stand to gain in several ways. While ATMs bring down the cost per transaction, increase efficiency by reducing workload of staff, they help to increase accuracy, speed, save time, money and efforts of customers. Thus, ATM impacts the customer services and leads to better customer satisfaction. The banking system is facing challenges with stiff competition and advancement of technology. It becomes imperative for service providers to meet or exceed the target customers’ satisfaction with quality of services expected by them. This paper explores the significant dimensions of ATM (automatic teller machine) service quality and its effect on customer satisfaction.
Corrugated Galvanised Iron Sheet as an Alternative to Conventional Roofing Materials “A case study from Sakteng Wildlife Sanctuary, Bhutan”
Authors: Tobgay Sonam , Dorji Kumbu , Yangdon Norbu
Published: January 2018

Corrugated galvanized iron (CGI) sheet as an alternative to conventional roofing material was initiated under the integrated conservation development program (ICDP) of Sakteng Wildlife Sanctuary in the year 2004. The program was aimed at reducing community pressure on natural resources to enhance conservation of biodiversity and keystone fauna and flora species through protection of wild habitat. It has benefited 628 inhabitants of Merak and Sakteng which were identified as the least developed among 15 Gewogs (Blocks) under Trashigang Dzongkhag (District). Data were collected through semi structured questionnaires to study the impact of the program to policy and natural habitat management. Amongst the two types of conventional roofing materials available in the locality, Shingles (79%) were in extensive use in comparison to Bamboo mat (21%) attributing to its durability. However, people prefer to use CGI sheet (100%) roofing which is economical, durable and effective in comparison to Shingle and Bamboo mat roofing, where incidences of water seepage to the room is frequent and requires replacing after 5.6 and 1.7 years respectively incurring higher maintenance costs. Replacing conventional roofing with CGI sheet has a long-term positive impact to conservation of forest and wild habitat. It is estimated that under ideal conditions approximately 5521 healthy matured Fir trees (>4'1''girth) and 1.68 million Bamboos were saved from felling since the initial supply of CGI sheet. However, effective roofing has led to the construction of the illegal permanent concrete huts in the Tsamdro (pastureland) and changes in the architectural designs of their native houses. The need of proper drainage system was also observed as important to reduce the gully erosion from CGI sheet roof run-off.
Safety and Efficacy of Saccharomyces boulardii for the management of Diarrhoea in Indian children
Authors: Kiran Dr. Mayuresh , Pawaskar Mr. Lalit
Published: January 2018

Objective: S. boulardii seem to be an assuring biotherapeutic agent for the amelioration of the course of diarrhoea in children when used therapeutically. S. boulardii mediates responses resembling the protective effects of the normal healthy gut flora. Our objective was to access the safety and efficacy of S. boulardii on childhood diarrhea.

Methodology: Total 210 patients were enrolled out of which 184 patients completed the study S. boulardii sachets (5 million CFU~282.5mg) were given to the patients enrolled in the study. Efficacy and safety assessment was made by quantitating the Frequency, Intensity and Consistency of stools.

Results: Stool frequency decreased from 9.005 to 2.7 at the end of 5 days. Severity scale was extrapolated which interestingly showed zero patients with severe diarrhoea. There was a reduction in the duration of diarrhoea along with stool consistency where in majority patients with watery stool came down to 2 from 136.

Conclusions: Saccharomyces boulardii is safe and efficacious in the treatment of diarrhoea in Indian children
Studying the Calibration Compact Lamps as a Working Standards
Authors: El-Moghazy E. M. , EL-Sharkawy F.M.
Published: January 2018

Working standards for compact lamps is very important to some inspection organizations in Egypt.  We prepare the working standard lamp of high power compact lamp .These lamps provide the realization of luminous flux scale in the photometry laboratory in national institute for standard (NIS).  We choose three types of lamps in our study.  The lamp types are compact florescent lamp at nominal watt (WL1) 85watt, (WL2) at nominal Watt 105 Watt with ballast and (WL3) at nominal Watt 105watt without ballast.  The spectral power distributions of all the standard lamps and test lamps are measured.  The results of experimentally obtained values of luminous flux of each lamp type at the calibration values of supply voltage at 220 volts are illustrated.
Em busca de Projetos: um estudo sobre mediadores sociais
Authors: Souza Bárbara Duarte de , Magalhães Sônia Barbosa
Published: January 2018

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de umapesquisa sobre os mediadores sociais de São Joséde Icatu, um agrupamento negro, rural, localizadona microrregião do Baixo Tocantins, Pará. Aqui,os mediadores sociais são entendidos enquantoindivíduos que ocupam uma posição decentralidade na interface das redes sociais queparticipam, como representantes de produtoresrurais quilombolas. A partir desta compreensão,este artigo busca explorar a transversalidade doalcance de políticas de desenvolvimento,traduzida por busca por melhoria econômica esocial através de projetos, no contexto doassociativismo amazônico. A discussão de esferasde mediação permite identificar diferentes canaisde captação de recursos e dois tipos demediadores gerados a partir de trajetórias esituações socioeconômicas distintas.
Lawrence kohlberg e os anos de chumbo: demandas por justiça e a procura pela moralidade pós-convencional
Authors: Assis Eliasaf Rodrigues de , Carneiro Kleber Tuxen , Bronzatto Maurício , Camargo Ricardo Leite de
Published: January 2018

Este ensaio dedica-se a compreender o caráter biográfico e o contexto social e histórico em que Lawrence Kohlberg (1927-1987) desenvolveu sua teoria cognitivo-desenvolvimentista sobre a moral, como ele mesmo a chamava. Discute, também, como as investigações que originaram a teoria moral kohlberguiana foram motivadas, em parte, por uma aguda procura pelo sentido de justiça. Essa busca por justiça era tanto pessoal quanto uma demanda por mudança social em escala global, contemporânea à sua vida e carreira acadêmica. Kohlberg aplicou suas descobertas à educação, concebendo a escola como um espaço privilegiado da busca por justiça e pela moralidade pós-convencional.
The Condition of Special Library Service s for People with Disability in “Children with Disability Foundation” (YPAC) Surabaya
Authors: Mutia Fitri
Published: January 2018

The Research about library services for people with disabilities is still found rarely, therefore, in this research case, the researcher try to discuss the title in order to enrich the librarianship scientific. This research uses a quantitative approach with the descriptive type. Some findings of the data presented in this research case is about the collection, type of service, the library manager and the library space of Surabaya’s YPAC. In Surabaya’s YPAC is available only in hard copy collections amounted to approximately 1000-1500 ex, that dominated the collection of fiction (stories/illustrated fables). The condition of most of the collection is very alarming because it was never noticed, classified specifically and many collections are laid out horizontally as high book shelf height exceeds available. YPAC library runs only circulation services manually, and organized by teachers who graduate from educational of school for disabled (SLB). Regarding the library are in good condition and clean, there are 4 and 3 units of rackcollection of tables and chairs, but the air circulation is not good because the ventilation system only comes from a window so that the temperature inside the room pretty hot.
The Disposal of Archive in doing its Protection (Case Study at State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta dan Centre of Archive Administration University Indonesia)
Authors: Lolytasari Lolytasari
Published: January 2018

This research discusses about the implication of disposal and explains the existence of Institution of archive in University which has a function to protect the archive. The problem in this study is how is the application of the archive disposal in University Indonesia that has no retention schedule and has a retention schedule.The objective of this research is to identify the program application of archive disposal and to assess the disposal of  archive which is done by the Centre of Archive Administration University Indonesia becoming model of archive in the State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. The method of the research is descriptive qualitative. The result of this research is that UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta did not have record retention schedule. So it’s difficult to destroy the archives. And archive still keep in the unit, without make appraisal.
Librarian and Traditional Knowledge : A Study Of Urgency and The Role Of Librarian In Traditional Knowledge
Authors: Adelia Nisa
Published: January 2018

Indonesia is an island country which is rich of cultural treasure. These cultural treasure are including moral value, Knowledge and technology that is used by hereditary from local tradition. Most of these hereditary habits are done by oral tradition, so it less of documentations. Library as information center and has function to serve information, willy nilly, librarian has responsibility to preserve the knowledge of traditional culture as intellectual property. Besides of that, the documentation activity will become cultural defense of indonesia so, it can be used by the next generation for learning activity. View the significant of cultural documentation activity, in this paper want to discussion about role of librarian in traditional knowledge. This type of research is study literature research. We will use a variety of literature that discusses traditional knowledge. Then do the assessment  about of the role of librarians to traditional knowledge
Preservation of Ancient Manuscripts as Effort Building Knowledge Management (The study of ancient manuscripts preservation activities by the public as efforts to build knowledge management)
Authors: Sukaesih Sukaesih , Winoto Yunus , Rusmana Agus , Kurniasih Nuning
Published: January 2018

Garut is one district in West Java province which has the potential of cultural heritage which is very interesting. One of the cultural heritage in Garut which is be the site of ancient manuscripts (manuscripts). Relating to the existence of ancient manuscripts in Garut regency of the many ancient texts only a small portion that has been recorded and stored in the museum, while most have not been registered again and was saved by members of the public. To keep this heritage alive and useful for future generations hence the need for awareness of all members of society and this is one of the efforts in building knowledge management. The main purpose of knowledge management is to encourage sustainability knowledge within an organization or society, so expected that knowledge will not stop the people who have the knowledge, but can be accessed and studied by others who need them. In this research method used is the method mix (mix method) with pengum-gathering techniques of data in the form of questionnaires, interviews, observation and through the study of literature. The results showed that of most members of the community that holds the codex in preserving ancient manuscripts which are still done simply by storing in a clean and dry at certain times to clean dust and dirt on the manuscript. Regarding the awareness of community members who have an ancient manuscript codex to report ownership to the government in general remains low, This is because of concerns that they have ancient manuscripts must be submitted to the government.
Ancient Manuscript as Cultural Identity in The Community of Kabuyutan Ciburuy Bayongbong Garut Residence
Authors: Rodiyah Saleha , Siti Khodijah Ute Lies , Kurniasih Nuning
Published: January 2018

The background of documenting manuscript of Kabuyutan Ciburuy is related to the process of community understanding towards conducting preservation, real value  of documenting and looking at the connection between documentation and efforts of preserving the cultural values embodied in the ancient manuscript. This study uses qualitative ethnographic approach. Data was collected through literature study, interview and observation. The result is that the ancient manuscripts can be maintained and prevented from damaging by storing them in proper temperature and humidity, and culturally maintained appropriately, besides understanding in the cultural context. Beside that, transforming to digital media is also done to avoid the old manuscripts from physical damage, although the contents are used for various purposes. Furthermore, the value of ancient manuscripts from this documentation is not only informative, historical and educational, but more culturally nuanced because the main purpose of this documentation activities aimed at developing the culture so that people of Kabuyutan Ciburuy understand the benefit value of ancient manuscript.
PENGARUH DIFERENSIASI PERAN DAN TINGKAT PENDIDIKAN TERHADAP KEINGINAN IBU MENGATASI MASALAH LINGKUNGAN KELUARGA
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun , Nadiroh Nadiroh
Published: January 2018

The purpose of this research is to determine the influence of role differentiation and education level of the Mother's intention to overcome family problems. The method used in this research is survey with ex post facto approach and a 2x2 factorial design. The sampling technique was multistage sampling. The results of this research are: 1). There is a difference motherâ€™s intention to overcome family problems between the higher education than the lower education, 2).There is a diference in motherâ€™s intention to overcome family problems between clear differentiation than no clear diferentiation, 3). For mothers who have a higher level of education, the intention to overcome family problems will be higher if they have  clear role differentiation than no role differentiation, 4). For mothers who have a lower level of education, the intention to overcome family problems will be lower if they have no clear diferentiation of role than a clear differentiation of role, 5) There is an interaction effect between differentiation of role and level of education to intention to overcome family problems.
PENGARUH EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING DAN PENGETAHUAN PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN TERHADAP BERPIKIR ANALITIK MASALAH LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Marthinu Eva , Nadiroh Nadiroh
Published: January 2018

This study aims at investigating effects of experiential learning strategy and knowledge of sustainable development concept toward studentsâ€™ analytical thinking ability about environmental issues. An experimental method with 2x2 factorial design was employed in this quantitative study which was conducted at SMA Negeri 3 Ternate. Samples of the study were 52 students of  grade IX of Social Sciences selected by means of random sampling. Data analysis shows that: 1. In general, students using experiential learning strategy with outdoor approach have higher average score on analytical thinking ability about environmental issues than those with indoor approach, 2. Students having high knowledge level in sustainable development concept and using outdoor approach have higher average score on analytical thinking ability about environmental issues than those with indoor approach, 3. Students having low knowledge level in sustainable development concept and using indoor approach have higher average score on analytical thinking ability about environmental issues than those with outdoor approach, 4. There are significant interaction effects between experiential learning strategy and knowledge of sustainable development concept toward students analytical thinking ability about environmental issues.
KEPEDULIAN LINGKUNGAN SISWA DITINJAU DARI ASPEK PENGETAHUAN TENTANG KONSEP DASAR EKOLOGI DAN GENDER
Authors: Suhardin Suhardin
Published: January 2018

The objective of this research is to know the diffrences of environmental concern as well as to find out the relionship between basic concept of ecology knowledge with environmental concern among  male and female students. The Comparative Analysis was conducted in SMA Depok involving 96 students chosen by using purposive random sampling.The data analysis and interpretation indicated that: 1. There is significant correlation in students basic concepts of ecology knowledge between with the environmental concerns, 2. There is verry significant difference students among male and female environmental concerns  3. There is significant correlation in male students basic concepts of ecology knowledge between with the environmental concerns, 4. There is significant correlation in female students  basic concepts of ecology knowledge between with the environmental concerns.
Comparative Study between the Practices of Exclusive Breastfeeding After Normal Delivery and Cesarean Delivery in Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital, Thapathali, Kathmandu Nepal
Authors: Aryal Rachana , Sharma Kashyap Kumar ,   Central Department of Statistics, Tribhuvan University, Nepal
Published: January 2018

Breastfeeding is a special gift from a mother to her baby. If mother is successful in breast feeding during first few days of her baby’s life, she is more likely to be successful during the rest of their breastfeeding time. The main aim of this study was to compare the practice of exclusive breastfeeding after normal delivery and cesarean delivery. This study also identified the initiation of breastfeeding within an hour, skin to skin contact between the mother and infant after the delivery and factors influencing for breastfeeding. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used to collect the data from 300 samples. The total sample was divided into half which is 150 for each of the normal and cesarean deliveries. Inclusive criteria included of 20 to 30 years with the primiparous deliveries visiting the respective hospital for the different purpose were included. A self-administered questionnaire was verbally asked to each of the participants while collecting the data. The mode of delivery is significant with both initiation of breastfeeding within an hour (p < 0.01, chi square= 134.2) and skin to skin contact between mother and infant after delivery (p < 0.01, chi square= 185.9). From this study the perspective of the entire participants towards the breastfeeding is found to be on optimistic. ND is able to initiate the breastfeeding within an hour and can have skin to skin contact as soon as the delivery.
Humanoid Robots and Human Society
Authors: Bahishti Adam A
Published: January 2018

Almost every aspect of modern human life starting from the smartphone to the smart houses you live in has been influenced by science and technology. The field of science and technology has advanced throughout the last few decades. Among those advancements, robots have become significant by managing most of our day-to-day tasks and trying to get close to human lives. As robotics and autonomous systems flourish, human-robot relationships are becoming increasingly important. Recently humanoid robots become interesting as developers trying to model it with human resemblance and equipped with cloud based artificial intelligence. Many ethical issues are under discussion including job loss and fear of machine’s thinking power like humans. I believe it should not be a concern that machine will start thinking like human but more important concern should be that humans started thinking like computers. We really need to be natural by preserving our human values and compassion.
Sunlight concentration effect analysis of lenses on single-slope solar still
Authors: Fang Shibiao , Tu Wenrong , Zhu Lili , Sun Zhilin
Published: January 2018

In this paper, an experimental study has been conducted to monitor the productivity of a single-slope active solar still with three lenses and one mirror. The lenses and the mirror were proposed to be attached to a basin-type single-slope active solar still because of their concentration effect for sunlight. After 24-hour performance monitoring, a higher yield was observed in the new style of solar still as compared with the conventional single-slope still. The lenses refract and aggregate the sunlight from three side walls, and one mirror set on the back of the evaporator can avoid sunlight loss. Model-3 with three lenses produced about a 21.03% yield increment, and an extra 8.77% yield was observed by adding one mirror in Model-4. The yield of the proposed solar still could reach the maximum freshwater production through Model-4 (adding three lenses and one mirror) of 0.8 kg/m2.d on 1/8/2016. Compared with the traditional still, there was a 29.8% increment in yield through Model-4 at 0.15 m water depth, and the production reached its peak at about 16:00.
Assessment of toxic metals in water and sediment of Pasur River in Bangladesh
Authors: Ali Mir Mohammad , Ali Mohammad Lokman , Islam Md. Saiful , Rahman Md. Zillur
Published: January 2018

This study was conducted to assess the levels of toxic metals like arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) in water and sediments of the Pasur River in Bangladesh. The ranges of Cr, As, Cd, Pb in water were 25.76–77.39, 2.76–16.73, 0.42–2.98 and 12.69–42.67 μg/L and in sediments were 20.67–83.70, 3.15–19.97, 0.39–3.17 and 7.34–55.32 mg/kg. The level of studied metals in water samples exceeded the safe limits of drinking water, indicating that water from this river is not safe for drinking and cooking. Certain indices, including pollution load index (PLI) and contamination factor (Cif) were used to assess the ecological risk. The PLI indicated progressive deterioration of sediments by the studied metals. Potential ecological risks of metals in sediment indicated low to considerable risk. However, the Cif values of Cd ranged from 0.86 to 8.37 revealed that the examined sediments were strongly impacted by Cd. Considering the severity of potential ecological risk (PER) for single metal (Eir), the descending order of contaminants was Cd > Pb > As > Cr. According the results, some treatment scheme must formulate and implement by the researchers and related management organizations to save the Pasur River from metals contamination.
O ESTADO NACIONAL NA PRODUÇÃO DOS TERRITÓRIOS INDÍGENAS
Authors: LIMA Wendell Teles de , SOUZA Raimundo Mendes de , OLIVEIRA Ana Maria Libório de , SOUZA Sebastião Perez
Published: January 2018

Este artigo objetiva-se a analisar de que forma o Estado Nacional se estabelece na dinâmica da construção da constituição dos territórios indígenas fronteiriços, para se chegar a essas conclusões tem-se como objetivos analisar as formas de produção e atuação do Estado brasileiro eidentificar os processos. As questões indígenas são proeminentes no período atual, possuindo um leque variado de problematizações, pensando nesse fato foi direcionado para a construção desses territórios,por sua vez, pensando nesse recorte geográfico é remeter-se à produção do espaço que é atrelado definido pelo Estado. Buscou-se como metodologia uma pesquisa bibliográfica tendo em vista uma perspectiva analítica na construção de texto.