bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhanced recovery after surgery: importance of compliance audits
Authors: Bae Jung Hoon
Published: December 2021

Background: The enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol is associated with improved clinical outcomes. However, implementation of ERAS in clinical practice is difficult because it requires a multidisciplinary approach and complex standardization. Moreover, maintenance and auditing of ERAS protocols is another challenge.Current Concepts: The ERAS society provides guidelines for surgery in almost all areas, and each guideline consists of approximately 20 items. Audits are performed to determine whether the items are being applied appropriately in a compliant manner as well as monitor and improve ERAS protocols. Numerous studies have reported that even with the application of the same ERAS protocol, postoperative short-term outcomes such as reductions of hospital stay and postoperative complications were better in the high-compliance group than in the low-compliance group. In addition, some recent studies have reported that application of ERAS protocols with high compliance can improve the long-term survival outcomes in cancer patients. In this regard, ERAS has been hypothesized to improve long-term oncological outcomes by minimizing surgical stress and reducing the postoperative inflammatory response and damage to immune function.Discussion and Conclusion: In addition to the development of appropriate protocols, auditing of compliance is also an important part of ERAS implementation. High compliance may lead to improved clinical outcomes.
Vaginal health in women and the possibility of predicting preterm birth through microbiome analysis
Authors: Hur Young Min , Kang Mi Na , Kim Young Ju
Published: December 2021

Background: With the recent development of next-generation sequencing technology, the microbiome in the body is being revealed in detail. It is also possible to describe the normal vaginal microenvironment and, more specifically, any changes in pregnancy. Moreover, we present the hypothesis that the microbiome is a contributing factor to preterm birth (PTB).Current Concepts: High estrogen status stimulates the maturation and proliferation of vaginal epithelial cells and the accumulation of glycogen, which promotes lactic acid production and maintains the vaginal environment at an acidic pH. The vaginas of most premenopausal women are predominantly colonized by Lactobacillus which plays an important role in local defense. Recently, it has also been reported that there are several specific types of Lactobacillus species, while other anaerobes, including Gardnerella and Atopobium also coexist in the vagina. Vaginal dysbiosis is defined as various expressions of microorganisms, secretion of specific metabolites, and changes in pH. During pregnancy, a multitude of microbiome changes occur in the oral cavity, gut, vagina, and placenta. The risk of PTB increases if the microbiome changes to one of dysbiosis. It is possible to analyze the characteristic microbiome composition related to PTB and to develop biomarkers predicting PTB. It is necessary to educate patients based on these findings.Discussion and Conclusion: Microbiome analysis has contributed significantly to understanding the association between women’s vaginal health and PTB. Continued research will also contribute to public health by assisting in the prediction and prevention of PTB.
Comprehensive approach for the treatment of medication-overuse headache
Authors: Park Hong-Kyun , Cho Soo-Jin
Published: December 2021

Background: Medication-overuse headache (MOH) is defined by the International Classification of Headache Disorders as a headache in patients with a pre-existing primary headache disorder that occurs on 15 or more days per month for more than 3 months. It is caused by overuse of medication for acute or symptomatic headache treatment. Regular and frequent use of acute or symptomatic medications can worsen headaches and lead to chronic headache or MOH. MOH is a burdensome medical condition that is difficult to treat, and the frequent recurrence of headaches may result in disability in individuals and impair socioeconomic outcomes.Current Concepts: Awareness of MOH and the education of patients, the general population, and healthcare providers are important for the first step of treatment. Scientific research regarding the treatment of MOH has been published in the past few years.Discussion and Conclusion: Physicians should educate and counsel patients to stop or at least reduce the intake of acute or symptomatic medications that can be discontinued abruptly or tapered slowly. During the period after the discontinuation of the overused medications, some withdrawal symptoms including headache might be manageable with bridging therapy. Evidence-based preventive therapies including anticonvulsants (topiramate and divalproex sodium), botulinum toxin A, and medications acting by antagonism of the calcitonin generelated peptide pathway might be helpful in patients with MOH for both avoiding the overused medication and preventing the relapse of overuse. A comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach may improve the outcomes of patients with MOH.
Pengaruh Kualitas Layanan Elektronik Terhadap Loyalitas Pelanggan “Buka Lapak” Melalui Kepuasan Pelanggan ( Studi Kasus Di Kampus Ama Yogyakarta )
Authors: Wahyudiyono Wahyudiyono
Published: December 2021

Absract
Increasingly competitive business requires entrepreneurs to make new innovations in service, like providing convenience to customers in making transactions. Through this effort, the company can maintain market share so that it exists. By utilizing internet media in the digital era today, one of the initiatives done is to provide electronic services to customers. The purpose of this research is to find out and test the influence of e-service quality on customer loyalty mediated by customer satisfaction variables. The population in this study was the students of the Academy of Administration Management Yogyakarta (AMAYO) of which they had transacted more than two times of the online shopping site Bukalapak. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling sample. The number of sampling was 100. Based on the results of research, e-service quality has positive influences for customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. Besides, it can be proven that customer satisfaction is the mediation of the quality of E-service influencing customer loyalty. Based on Sobel Formula, it was found that the value T calculated 3.97449 > T table 1.960. It means that E-Service Quality affects customer loyalty mediated by customer satisfaction. Further, it needs other research types of online shopping sites in Indonesia.
 
Keywords: E-Service Quality, Customer Loyalty, Customer Satisfaction, Internet Marketing, Bukalapak
‘IT FELT LIKE WE WERE ALL HANGING OUT WHILE TALKING ABOUT TRANSLATION THEORY’: LESSONS LEARNED FROM A FLIPPED TRANSLATION THEORY COURSE IN EMERGENCY REMOTE TEACHING DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Pavlović Nataša
Published: December 2021

The role of translation theory in translator education seems to be undergoing a crisis as universities struggle to provide graduates with practical, market-driven skills that will increase their employability. The overnight transition to online delivery in the time of educational disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has only heightened the challenges in making theoretical courses relevant for students. This paper explores the application of the flipped classroom model in a translation theory course on the graduate (MA) level, delivered in the context of emergency remote teaching. The course is described and evaluated with the help of student feedback (N=30) elicited via an online questionnaire. The main source of data are responses to open-ended questions, which are analysed qualitatively. The data are coded for general perceptions of the flipped classroom and its four course components (videos, experimental translation assignments, forum discussion assignments, synchronous Zoom discussions), as well as for perceptions of teacher support. Lessons are drawn for emergency remote teaching but also for future face-to-face teaching of theory-oriented translation courses. Keywords: flipped classroom, teacher support, translation theory, emergency remote teaching, YouTube, Zoom
I PARTICIPATE, THEREFORE I AM: A STUDY ON STUDENTS’ EFFORTS OF HELPING GOOGLE TRANSLATE TO REFINE ITS TRANSLATION RESULTS
Authors: Chen Cheryl Wei-yu
Published: December 2021

This study invited a group of Taiwanese English-as-a-foreign- language (EFL) tertiary-level students to help Google Translate (GT) Community to refine its translation output. The participants engaged in 5 types of translation refinement tasks by responding to the input provided by GT Community (the first four tasks) or entering translation suggestions when encountering inappropriate translation generated by GT (the fifth task). The results indicated that the participants were able to generate highly accurate output for the first four tasks. With regard to the fifth task, many students entered proverbs, idioms, cultural expressions or slang for GT to translate and deemed GT’s inability to translate beyond literal meaning as something to be improved upon. There were also nearly 25% of over-correction due to students’ excessive scrutiny.All in all, students generally enjoyed the experience of helping GT to improve its translation quality. As students took the role of active contributors of knowledge, they developed competence and gained experience of participating in the digital world. Their participation also helped them to refine their language knowledge and developed their research abilities. The current study ends with a few possible directions for future research. Keywords: Google Translate (GT), Google Translate Community, translation refinement tasks, online participation
IMPACTS OF GLOBAL PANDEMIC ON TRANSLATOR’S CAREER AND TRANSLATOR TRAINING
Authors: Kasperė Ramunė , Motiejūnienė Jurgita
Published: December 2021

The translation market as well as many other businesses and activities have been affected by the lockdown of economies in the whole world since the beginning of 2019. Under the impacts of COVID-19 pandemic, translator’s career has undergone some major and minor transformations. Some recent research papers have focused on crisis-related situations and emphasised the fact that translators need to be ready to ensure an effective communication between all stakeholders in disaster settings (Rodriguez Vazquez & Silvia Torres del Rey, 2020). Therefore, the methods and approaches in translation training have to be re- examined in order to provide language support in crises (Federici & O’Brien, 2019). This research was designed to examine and depict the effects of the global pandemic and the lockdown on the translator’s profession and translator training in graduate and postgraduate education. The paper analyses the insights and attitudes expressed in surveys by different players in the Lithuanian translation market, including freelance translators and interpreters, language service providers and translation students. The results highlight different opinions of reelance translators and translation students about the future of their career, trust of freelance translators towards the state support and translation agencies at which they are hired, and anxiety of language service providers towards the stability of the industry in crises situations. The results of the research further indicate the necessity to develop translation study programmes focussing on a wider skillset so that future translators would be well equipped to contribute to communication and well-being of different members of society in crisis settings. Keywords: COVID-19, pandemic, translator training, translation industry, language service providers, LSPs.
¿La severidad de un incendio forestal modifica la composición, diversidad y estructura de los bosques templados de Jalisco?
Authors: Cadena-Zamudio Daniel A. , Flores-Garnica José G. , Lomelí-Zavala Mónica E. , Flores-Rodríguez Ana  G.
Published: December 2021

Introducción: Los incendios forestales son perturbaciones naturales que influyen en la estructura, dinámica, funcionamiento, composición y diversidad de especies.Objetivo: Comparar la composición, estructura y diversidad de la vegetación de bosques templados afectados por diferentes niveles de severidad de un incendio forestal en Jalisco.Materiales y métodos: La composición, estructura horizontal, índice de valor de importancia (IVI), clases diamétricas, índices de diversidad de Shannon, Simpson, riqueza Margalef y similitud de Bray-Curtis se evaluaron en tres regiones (bosque La Primavera y sierras de Tapalpa y Quila) de bosque templado con tres niveles de severidad (sin incendio, moderada y extrema). Resultados: Se registraron 12 especies de seis familias, siendo Pinaceae y Fagaceae las de mayor representatividad. La dominancia osciló entre 0.2 a 50 m2∙ha-1 en sitios de severidad moderada y extrema. Pinus devoniana registró el mayor IVI (71 %) en sierra de Tapalpa. La mayor cantidad de individuos se registró en las clases diamétricas ≤30 cm. Los índices de diversidad y riqueza mostraron diferencias significativas (P < 0.05) en las sierras de Tapalpa y Quila y entre los niveles del incendio; los índices más altos se registraron en sitios de severidad moderada. La similitud de la composición arbórea entre regiones fue baja (<33 %).Conclusiones: La severidad moderada del incendio forestal favoreció la composición, estructura y diversidad de la vegetación de los bosques templados de Jalisco, lo que sugiere que el nivel de severidad influye en la capacidad de resiliencia de las comunidades de los ecosistemas forestales.
Estequiometría de la caída de acículas de Pinus hartwegii Lindl. en dos bosques alpinos del centro de México
Authors: Torres-Duque Fabiola , Gómez-Guerrero Armando , Trejo-Téllez Libia I. , Reyes-Hernández Valentín J. , Correa-Díaz Arian
Published: December 2021

Introducción: Es imprescindible tener líneas base sobre la dinámica de nutrientes en los bosques, debido a las alteraciones que el cambio climático pueda causar. Objetivo: Cuantificar la producción anual de acículas de Pinus hartwegii Lindl. y proporción de nutrientes en los bosques alpinos cerro Jocotitlán (JO) y cerro Tláloc (TL), Estado de México. Materiales y métodos: En cada bosque se colocaron 12 trampas circulares (30 cm de diámetro) para acícula, a nivel del suelo, distribuidas en cuatro sitios topográficamente contrastantes. Durante un año, se realizaron 228 mediciones de masa foliar y 1 140 determinaciones químicas para conocer la estequiometría de acículas. Las mediciones se sometieron a un análisis de varianza longitudinal, probando las tendencias en el tiempo (P < 0.05). Resultados y discusión: La producción de acículas en JO fue 67 % superior (11.2 Mg∙ha-1∙año-1) que en TL (6.7 Mg∙ha-1∙año-1); la caída fue mayor durante el verano (junio y julio, meses con mayor precipitación). En JO, el flujo de nutrientes fue 98.0, 5.2, 8.7, 24.6 y 5.6 kg∙ha-1∙año-1 para N, P, K, Ca y Mg, respectivamente; para TL fue 55.3, 3.4, 7.8, 14.4 y 4.7 kg∙ha-1∙año-1 en el mismo orden de nutrientes. Las concentraciones de nutrientes fueron más bajas de marzo a mayo. Excepto por K, las concentraciones de nutrientes y producción de acículas mostraron tendencias estacionales cuadráticas y cúbicas. La dinámica del Mg y proporciones N:Mg y N:K en TL fueron más favorables para el crecimiento arbóreo. Conclusiones: Los bosques Jocotitlán y Tláloc son muy productivos en acícula (comparados con otros ecosistemas) y dinámicos en la transferencia de nutrientes.
Tipología, afectaciones y origen de las lesiones en trabajadores de la industria del aserrío de El Salto, Durango, México
Authors: Nájera-Luna Juan A. , Méndez-González Jorge , Cruz-Cobos Francisco , Hernández Francisco J.
Published: December 2021

Introducción: El trabajo en aserraderos es una ocupación peligrosa, pues implica la manipulación de materiales y equipo que expone a los trabajadores a numerosos riesgos que pueden afectar su salud y seguridad. Objetivo: Identificar las lesiones, las partes del cuerpo afectadas y los agentes que detonan la accidentabilidad en los trabajadores de la industria del aserrío de la región de El Salto, Durango. Materiales y métodos: Se aplicó un cuestionario estructurado a 300 trabajadores de 26 aserraderos y fábricas de tarima para determinar la tipología, daños y origen de las lesiones sufridas en los últimos cinco años. Resultados y discusión: En los aserraderos de la región de El Salto, los puestos de mayor jerarquía son ocupados por personas de mayor edad y experiencia laboral sin importar el nivel de escolaridad; han sufrido uno a cinco accidentes en los últimos cinco años y solo 32 % ha recibido capacitación de seguridad laboral. Las lesiones más frecuentes se producen a consecuencia de golpes y aplastamientos en ayudantes (57 %), heridas abiertas en operadores (16 %) y esguinces (15 %). Los mecanismos que originaron las lesiones fueron atrapamiento por objetos móviles (30 %), golpes contra objetos móviles (23.3 %), caída de objetos (14.3 %) y falsos movimientos (13.7 %). Los dedos de las manos son los más afectados (35 %) por golpes y atrapamientos. Conclusiones: La capacitación sobre seguridad es reducida, lo que ha propiciado que 95 % de los trabajadores sufran lesiones de diversa gravedad. Es necesario implementar acciones para disminuir los riesgos de accidentes y lesiones.
Lived Experiences of Students in Remote Area in The New Normal
Authors: Ariza Virginia S. , Ariza Junelle S.
Published: December 2021

Due to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic face-to- face classes were prohibited. However, the Department of Education (DepEd) believes that education shall continue so they implemented alternative learning delivery modalities such as Modular Distance Learning. This new normal has brought a lot of challenges to students, especially those from remotes areas, which has affected their academic performance. In order to understand the experiences of students in remote areas in the new normal, this study was conducted to describe their lived experiences, the issues and challenges they encountered in modular distance learning and their coping mechanism. The participants of this study were the 9 Grade 8 Students of Gregorio C. Catenza National High School who were from Barangay Burabod, Jaro, Leyte. This study used descriptive phenomenological approach as its research design. The participants underwent in-depth one-on-one interview about their experiences in the new normal. The thematic analysis was used to determine significant themes from the participants’ responses. Five distinct themes emerged from the research data. The major themes identified from the results of this study included: learning is difficult; poor learning outcome; Socio-Economic Status and Unavailability of Learning Resources; More Knowledgeable Other; and Social Network and Time-Management. This result indicates that students in the remote areas encountered difficulties in the new normal.
Economics of soil erosion: case study of Ukraine
Authors: Kucher Anatolii , Kucher Lesia , Sysoieva Inna , Pohrishchuk Borys
Published: December 2021

Purpose. The main objective of this paper is (і) to determinate the economic loss due to crop productivity loss caused by soil erosion in Ukraine, and (іі) to present the results of the econometric modeling of soil erosion impact on the efficiency crop production at the regional and district level.

Methodology / approach. This study uses the following methods: expert assessments and monographic (for the assessment of economic losses due to crop productivity loss from spreading soil erosion); graphical (for building three-dimensional graphs); econometric modeling (to develop a mathematical model of the dependence of the gross crop production and income from sales per 100 hectares from the share of eroded arable land in its total area and production costs in crop industry per 100 hectares); abstract-and-logical (for generalization of the research results). To solve the assigned tasks, linear and quadratic econometric models (production functions) were developed using a dataset (і) from 168 observations (on the example of Ukrainian regions for 2010–2016) and (ii) from 189 observations (on the example of districts of Kharkiv region for 2010–2016). This study was conducted in order to test the hypothesis that the increase in the area of eroded arable land has a negative effect on the gross output of crop production.

Results. Our expert assessment of economic losses due to crop productivity loss from spread of soil erosion on agricultural land in Ukraine is 224 mln USD. The obtained results confirm the hypothesis about the negative relationship between gross crop output and the level of land erosion. The obtained data confirm that an increase in the area of eroded arable land by 1 % leads to a decrease in the gross output of crop production by 0.20 % per 100 hectares of agricultural land in total, and in the third group of the studied subjects (the share of eroded arable land in their total area is more than 50 %) – by 0.61 %, respectively.

Originality / scientific novelty. For the first time, linear and nonlinear (quadratic) econometric models were developed, which made it possible to carry out quantitative assessment of the impact of the soil erosion and the financial support (production costs in crop industry) per hectare on the formation of the financial results (gross crop output and income) of business entities in Ukrainian agriculture. The provision on the economics of soil erosion was further developed in terms of expert assessment of losses from this type of degradation and confirmation of the effect of the economic law of diminishing returns, which should be taken into account when developing measures for sustainable land management.

Practical value / implications. The main results of the study can be used for the development, substantiation and implementation of soil protection measures for the sustainable use of agricultural land and/or to informed decision-making at different levels of management concerning restoration of eroded land.
System for evaluation of financial security of operational activity of oil-and-fat industry enterprises
Authors: Dokiienko Larysa , Hrynyuk Nataliya , Nakonechna Olena , Mykhailyk Olga
Published: December 2021

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to develop a system for evaluation the state of financial security of operating activities of enterprises in oil-and-fat industry based on the coordination of the interaction of the main factors of influence and levels of its components.

Methodology / approach. In the process of writing the article the following research methods were used: abstract-logical (at the systematization of scientific publications on the problems of management of enterprises in oil-and-fat industry, financial security of enterprises), grouping (by clustering enterprises depending on the obtained results), comparisons (by developing a model for assessing the degree of financial stability of operating activities of enterprises), coefficient (by developing a model for assessing the degree of liquidity of enterprises), formalization (by developing a matrix for diagnostics of the state of financial security of operating activities of enterprises), generalization (by formulating research conclusions).

Results. In the process of research, the system of complex evaluation of degrees and levels of the main components of financial security of the operations activities of the enterprises in oil-and-fat industry was substantiated: a model for assessing the financial stability of operating activities and a model for assessing the liquidity of an enterprise. A diagnostic matrix for the financial security status of the operational activities of the enterprises in oil-and-fat industry was developed to define the security boundaries of the operation activity of enterprises. Approbation of the proposed system for assessing the financial security of operating activities on the materials of the selected group of enterprises in the oil-and-fat industry made it possible to analyze the dynamics of the state of the financial security of their operating activities.

Originality / scientific novelty of the research is to develop tools for a comprehensive evaluation of the financial security of the operating activities of the enterprises in oil-and-fat industry. The method of determining the impact of the degree of financial stability and liquidity of the enterprise on the level of financial security of current activities was improved. For the first time, a nine-quadrant matrix of the state of financial security of operating activities of enterprises depending on the ratio of the degrees of the above factors was substantiated.

Practical value / implications. The use of the proposed system of financial security evaluation of operating activities of the enterprise, according to the authors, can serve as an effective mechanism for managing the financing current activities of enterprises in oil-and-fat industry and become an informative tool for factor analysis in managing their overall financial security.
Risk analysis of companies’ activities on the basis of non-financial and financial statements
Authors: Nazarova Karina , Bezverkhyi Kostiantyn , Hordopolov Volodymyr , Melnyk Tetiana , Poddubna Natalіia
Published: December 2021

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study the degree of disclosure of information about the risks of economic activity of enterprises in non-financial statements and to find ways to improve the organization and methods of analysis of such risks based on the financial statements of companies.

Methodology / approach. The methodological basis of the study is a systematic approach, methods of generalization, comparison, abstraction, analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction, bibliometric analysis, cluster analysis, as well as methods of integrated economic analysis. The publications from the Scopus database, for 1988–01.04.2021, processed by VOSviewer software were the source of data for bibliographic and cluster analysis. The materials of the research on the state of disclosure of information about the risks of domestic enterprises of the food industry are based on their financial statements and management report.

Results. The article analyzes the state and degree of disclosure of information about the risks of economic activity in non-financial reports of domestic food industry enterprises. It is established that the enterprises of the studied industry most often provide information about the following risks: economic, currency, financial, political, legal, judicial, interest, personnel, price, commercial, as well as liquidity risk and market risk.

Originality / scientific novelty. Theoretical, methodological and organizational principles of risk analysis of companies based on non-financial and financial reports have been further developed. For the first time, we proposed our own approach to the methodology of analysis of such risks, based on financial reporting indicators. In particular, such analytical indicators include: financial risk – solvency, financial leverage; credit risk – investment coverage ratio, return on equity, return on assets; liquidity risk – coverage ratio, quick liquidity ratio, absolute liquidity ratio.

Practical value / implications. The practical value of the research is that the results obtained by the authors will contribute to the disclosure of information about the risks of economic activity of enterprises in non-financial statements. Analysis of the status and level of disclosure of information about the risks of domestic food industry enterprises in non-financial reports showed that most companies provided information about the following risks: economic, currency, financial, political, legal, judicial, interest, personnel, price, commercial, and risk liquidity and the risk of changes in market conditions. As a result, the author's methodological approach to the analysis of internal risks of the studied industry (credit, financial risks, liquidity risk) is proposed. The proposed methodology is based on the indicators of financial reporting and is part of a comprehensive risk analysis of the enterprise for the purposes of the risk management system.
A mixed Bacillus gibsonii and Sphingomonas echinoides infection in cultured rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Authors: ÇANAK Özgür , AKAYLI Tülay , ÜRKÜ Çiğdem
Published: December 2021

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is a fish species with a long history of cultivation and bacterial pathogens are limiting the success rate. The aim of this study is the biochemical and molecular identification of two opportunistic pathogens detected in the rainbow trout cultured in net cages in a dam lake located on the Kızılırmak river; revealing the pathological symptoms of them in the moribund fish samples; determination of their antimicrobial susceptibility profile and determination of the antagonistic effect of two probiotic-candidate strains against them. Depending on the results of the conventional bacteriologic and molecular identification studies, bacterial isolates recovered from the internal organs of the moribund fish samples, a mixed bacterial infection case of Bacillus gibsonii and Sphingomonas echinoides was identified in the moribund fish samples showing general bacterial hemorrhagic septicemia symptoms for the first time in rainbow trout. Despite it was not possible to identify these isolates at the species level using conventional bacteriological methods, our isolates separately showed similarities more than 99% with the above mentioned species in the 16s RNA sequence analysis. The results of this study showed that, long term water quality parameter determination and bacterial distribution monitoring studies which include molecular tools should be carried out in the aquaculture sites to increase the success in trout culture.
O TRABALHO DOCENTE NOS ESPAÇOS HOSPITALARES: UM DESAFIO NA CONTEMPORANEIDADE
Authors: Sobrinho Filho Antônio Carlos , Pereira Edilson Raniere Gonçalves , Carlos Gerúnia  Moraes Santos
Published: December 2021

O foco de estudo do presente artigo se debruça sobre uma pesquisa de caráter bibliográfico que faz uma análise aprofundada da atuação docente dentro de instituições hospitalares. Um trabalho voltado para atendimento pedagógico a estudantes que se encontram em situação de internação e, por isso, ficam impossibilitados de ir à escola. A produção aborda aspectos do contexto histórico, em que são levantados pontos importantes que formam uma linha do tempo da educação hospitalar no Brasil. Somado a isso, traz também os marcos legais que enquadram a educação hospitalar como uma modalidade pertencente à educação especial, fato que garante ao estudante hospitalizado o pleno direito à educação. Além desses pontos, o artigo propõe sugestões para a prática pedagógica dentro dos espaços hospitalares, diagnosticando situações que permitam uma atuação docente efetiva e uma aprendizagem discente significativa. Ainda, são tratados aspectos da gamificação nesses espaços como forma de construção do conhecimento cognitivo nos estudantes hospitalizados. A produção contou com a contribuição de Machado e Campos (2013), Berdel (2011), Diesel, Baldez e Martins (2017), Lorenzoni (2016), Neves, Alves e Gonzalez (2013), Sandroni (2008), dentre outros.
Isotherapic of Culex on the biological cycle of the mosquito Culex sp
Authors: Cavalca Patrícia Aparecida ManÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â§ano , Santos Cintia Miranda dos , Reis Bruno , Bonato Carlos Moacir
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Culex is an insect of the family Culicidae. It occurs in tropical and subtropical regions. It is known as the domestic mosquito. Their larvae develop in stagnant and dirty water, with plenty of organic matter. Some species of the insect such as Culex quinquefasciatus transmit the worms (helminths) called Wuchereria bancrofti filariasis or Elephantiasis.

Aims: Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of isotherapic of Culex on the biological cycle of this insect.

Material and Method: The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Homeopathy at the State University of Maringa in the period from March 26 to December 31, 2007. Fifteen larvae of Culex sp. the same stage of development (Stage I) were used in the experiment with Isopathy of Culex sp. Was added 200 microliters of the dilutions of isotherapic 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24 and 30cH in each flask containing 30 mL of water and 15 larvae of Culex sp. The control consisted of 30 mL of water and 200 mL of 5% alcohol. The flasks were covered by tissue "toule"-type to prevent the dispersal of adult insects. The dilutions were produced according to the Brazilian Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (1987) [1]. Were determined: average number of larvae, pupae and mosquitoes during the cycle of the insect.

Results and Discussion: The presence of Culex isotherapic in the growth solution presented complex responses. Some dilution caused positive responses (3, 6, 9, 12 and 18cH) in the average number of larvae (Figure 1). Dilution 18cH apparently caused a protective effect, and somehow minimized the negative influence of the environment, or protect the larvae from unfavorable abiotic conditions. Dilutions 6, 18 and 24 cH, instead, caused adverse effect on larval and pupa survival, but positive when we consider the objective of this work. There is an interesting phenomenon when evaluating the biological responses in living according to the dilution used. The alternation of rises and falls in the physiological variables as a function of dilution were observed by several authors [2-5]. It behavior is not explained by science, but it is believed to be related to the rhythmic nature movement [6,7] and also with the law of similarity occurring between dilution and the organism that receives it. Thus, the physiological function of the dilutions in the same drug are often cyclical and not linear.

Conclusion: The results of this experiment suggest that some dilution may be used in studies to control the mosquito Culex sp.
Effects of thymulin 5cH in granuloma evolution and B1 cell differentiation: an experimental model to understand its biological mechanisms
Authors: Sato Cesar , Cardoso Thayná Neves , Osugui Lika , Popi Ana Flavia , Bonamin Leoni Villano
Published: December 2021

In previous studies, we found that thymulin (a thymic hormone), when prepared in homeopathic 5cH potency, had the property to improve the productive performance of broiler chickens infected with reovirus, as well as modulate the development of Ehrlich tumor and granuloma inflammatory lesions in mice by immune-mediated mechanisms. The aim of the present work was to study the immunomodulatory mechanisms of thymulin 5cH in a granuloma experimental model, by subcutaneous inoculation of BCG in mice, focusing the B-1 cells and zinc involvement in this process. Three groups of male Balb/c SPF mice (group A treated with thymulin 5cH, group B treated with thymulin 5cH incubated in Chelex Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â® - a zinc chelant - and group C, control, treated with vehicle) were inoculated with BCG in the left footpad and subcutaneous granuloma and spleen were harvested for histomorphometry analysis, after 7, 14 and 21 days. Ziehl-Neelsen, HE and Prussia Blue staining methods were used. Flow cytometry was also used in the same times to characterize and quantify peritoneal cells. Positive cells for CD11b (activated phagocytes, B-1 cells), CD19 (B-1 and B-2 cells), CD23 (negative B-1 cells, positive B2 cells) and CD5 (B-1a cells) were analyzed in a FACS Calibur (BD) device. Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal - Wallis / Dunn for nonparametric evaluations and ANOVA / Tuckey-Krammer for the parametric ones. The XÃƒâ€šÃ‚Â² method was used to evaluate the cell count in flow cytometry. P values ÃƒÂ¢Ã¢â‚¬Â°Ã‚Â¤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Mice treated with thymulin 5cH presented higher macrophage activity and increase in the follicular area were seen in spleen after 7 days. Increase in gross lesion diameter and decrease in local BCG infection were seen after 21 days. At this time, the flow cytometry demonstrated the increase in peritoneal phagocytes derived from B-1 cells in thymulin 5cH treated mice, independently of Chelex Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â® incubation. The incubation of thymulin 5cH with Chelex Ãƒâ€šÃ‚Â® blocked its effects only upon the number of B2 cells in the peritoneum and reduces Mn levels in the medicine solution. We conclude that thymulin 5CH modulates the BCG-induced granuloma through more than one mechanism, especially by peritoneal B1 cell differentiation into phagocytes.
Education 4.0 in cartography: an integrated e-learning materials portal for cartography and digital mapping course
Authors: Abdul Halim Daniel , Abdul Rasam Abdul Rauf
Published: December 2021

Abstract. World’s technology development is defined by the level of advancement in the current industrial sector that is called industrial revolution (IR). The evolution of the technologies may affect the learning system for educators and learners. Throughout the years, student discovering troubles to have an effective learning method for their subject. To keep up the mushroom growth of technologies, e-learning has been identified as the best learning method that suits with the current generation’s way of learning. This paper aimed at designing and developing an integrated e-learning material portal for assisting university students of Centre of Study for Surveying Science and Geomatics (PPSUG) University of MARA (UiTM) Malaysia to have a helpful learning process in Cartography subject. The study conducted in three main objectives: i. To study the user requirement, ii. To create and design the portal, iii. To test the proposed portal using WordPress platform. The finding has revealed that most of the respondents significantly agreed and willingly to have an integrated e-learning portal to assist in the subject. The proposed portal offers special functions for learning materials process in particular integrating all learning materials in one platform such online notes, assignments, lab work sheets and other benefits that are easy – free to access and user friendly knowledge transfer for the public. The portal it still needs using the university hosting for comprehensive practice among the SUG students.
WRITER IDENTIFICATION: THE EFFECT OF IMAGE RESIZING ON CNN PERFORMANCE
Authors: Semma A. , Lazrak S. , Hannad Y. , Boukhani M. , El Kettani Y.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Introducing Deep Learning has been successful in improving the performance of automated writer identification systems. However, using very large patch sizes as input to CNN consumes a lot of machine resources and requires a lot of training time. To overcome this problem, many researchers use resized images.In this paper, we will try to make a comparative study between several patches sizes which were then resized to a normalized size of 32 × 32. Our aim is to elaborate the best recommendations for choosing the image resizing in order to increase the CNN performance. Thus, we will carry our tests on three databases. The first is CVL, a Latin dataset with 310 writers, the second is CERUG-CH a Chinese dataset with 105 writers and the last is KHATT that contains the Arabic writings of 1000 writers. To see if the type of CNN model impacts the results conducted on resized images, we deploy two models: ResNet-18 and MobileNet. The main finding is that the best results correspond to the resizing values of the images which makes it possible to have the average line height of the writings closer to the height of the CNN patches.
DESIGNING GIS-BASED SITE SELECTION MODEL FOR URBAN INVESTMENT PLANNING IN SMART CITIES WITH THE CASE OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING STATIONS
Authors: Sisman S. , Ergul I. , Aydinoglu A. C.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. It is of great importance that different sectoral investments such as energy, technology, education, logistics, health, industry, transportation, construction, tourism, which will be realized in globalizing and crowded cities, are made in the most suitable city areas. In order to obtain the maximum efficiency from the unit city area for any sectoral investment activity and to develop more planned and liveable cities, many decision parameters in investment management should be handled rationally by integrated a geographical perspective. In this study, designing GIS-based site selection models was examined for effective decision-making in the investment planning process for smart cities. In this context, different sectoral investment applications examining implementation requirements were determined for smart cities. Electric vehicle charging stations (EVCS) site selection application was determined as a case study, to design a GIS-based integrated site selection model for investment planning in smart city concept. Data preparation and analysis models were designed for determining the most suitable EVCSs location. EVSC site selection affecting criteria and criteria weights (by MCDA techniques) were researched in the literature. For this purpose, 15 criteria defined by three main criteria groups, namely Environmental/ Geographical, Economic Criteria, and Urbanity Criteria were determined. Designed models were performed analysing EVCSs suitability map in Pendik district of Istanbul. Normalized raster maps related to 15 criteria and EVCSs suitability map were produced with five suitability degrees for the Pendik district. Also, by designing the models, an integrated and planned investment mechanism can be developed for the impressive and efficient use of urban resources in smart city investments.
ANALYSIS OF SPATIO-TEMPORAL URBAN DYNAMICS IN 11 SMART CITIES OF UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA
Authors: Verma R. , Garg P. K.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Urban planning in smart cities needs to be done in a “Smart” way. One way is to analyze the urbanisation pattern by spatio-temporal change detection techniques. Classified data such as, for years 1985, 1995 and 2005 Decadal Land use data for India and for year 2015, Copernicus Global Land service Dynamic Land Cover layers (CGLS-LC100 products) are used to perform multi-temporal analysis of the 11 smart cities of Uttar Pradesh state of India namely "Agra", "Aligarh", "Bareilly", "Jhansi", "Kanpur", "Lucknow", "Moradabad", "Prayagraj", "Rampur", "Saharanpur" and "Varanasi". Dynamics of Urban expansion are studied utilizing concepts of Landscape Metrics calculated by FRAGSTATS and also Shannon’s Entropy Values (Hn) over the 11 smart cities. Largest Patch Index (LPI), Landscape Shape Index (LSI), Aggregation Index (AI) and Mean Euclidean Nearest Neighbor Distance (ENN_MN) are metrics used to characterize urbanisation. Results indicate rise in value of LSI over the years from 1985 and with sudden increase in year 2015 for Built-up patches, corroborating more complexity in shapes of Built-up patches in all 11 cities. Kanpur, showing large values of LPI indicates the sudden increase of Built-up land use class over the years. The decreasing value of ENN_MN over the years indicates less centrality for built-up pixels in urbanisation. AI is unchanged for Built-up patches for 1985–1995 but decrease in year 2015 indicates less compactness which is due to dispersion of built-up pixels. High values of Hn over the years indicating dispersion of urbanisation in all 11 smart cities except Agra, also validates results.
LAYOUT PLAN ANALYSIS ON URBAN PATHWAYS, NODES AND EDGES IN KUALA MUDA FISHING VILLAGE
Authors: Zairudin N. R. F. , Hassan A. S. , Arab Y. , Witchayangkoon B. , Seangklieng K.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. This paper studies three urban design elements, namely pathways, nodes, and edges, in Kampung Kuala Muda, Penaga, a traditional fishing village in Penang. The case study portrays the resistance of a fishing settlement by exhibiting a unique local culture of whispering auction market that is celebrated by many, including locals and tourists. The study of the paths, edges, and nodes of the case study is carried out by applying a qualitative method and data collection through a site visit, informal interviews, and literature reviews from published journals, online news, and articles. The fishing activities heavily influence the layout setting of Kampung Kuala Muda. The urban design element is observed to be the most significant in directing the users' perspectives.
DEVELOPING “RECOGNITION OF NEED FOR DATA” IN SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS
Authors: GÓMEZ-TORRES EMILSE
Published: December 2021

This paper describes the evolution of “recognition of need for data” and “strategical thinking”, two types of thinking identified by Wild and Pfannkuch in their Framework for Statistical Thinking in Empirical Enquiry, as well as its relevance for math teacher professional development. The research was carried out with ten in-service secondary-school math teachers during an educational experience (at Bogotá, Colombia), who, in the beginning, showed high performance in procedural knowledge of data analysis. The experience was founded on project based learning that participants proposed and conducted via a survey concerning implications of a Bill, relevant for their job context. These teachers made mistakes and showed difficulties during the two first stages of the investigative cycle, problem formulation, and research planning,  due possibly to their inexperience in designing an empirical inquiry. Teacher educator’s guidance, to turn mistakes into learning opportunities and teachers’ active participation, promoted the development of statistical thinking, especially linked to the types aforementioned.
Abstract: Spanish
Este artículo describe el desarrollo de “reconocimiento de la necesidad de los datos” y “pensamiento estratégico”, dos de modos de razonamiento identificados por Wild y Pfannkuch (1999) en su marco para pensamiento estadístico en investigación empírica, así como su importancia en la formación de profesores de matemáticas. La investigación se lleva a cabo con diez profesores de matemáticas en ejercicio, durante una experiencia de formación (Bogotá, Colombia), quienes al inicio del curso mostraron un buen nivel de conocimiento procedimental en análisis de datos. En el marco del Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos, los profesores propusieron y desarrollaron una encuesta relacionada con las implicaciones de la implementación de un proyecto de ley, relevante para ellos. Los profesores cometieron errores y mostraron dificultades durante las dos primeras partes del ciclo investigativo, formulación del problema y planeación de la investigación, debido a su falta de experiencia en la formulación de un estudio empírico. La orientación del formador, para convertir las debilidades en oportunidades de aprendizaje, y la participación activa de los profesores favorecieron el desarrollo de razonamiento estadístico, especialmente asociado a los dos tipos de razonamientos ya mencionados.