bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A influência da osteoporose na implantodontia
Authors: Mota Pedro Henrique Ribeiro , Marchiolli Caroline Liberato , Oliveira Maria Eduarda de Freitas Santana , Batista Fábio Roberto de Souza
Published: November 2021

A osteoporose é uma patologia grave devido às fraturas de que é responsável. A frequência da doença é alta e proporcional à idade. A população brasileira está envelhecendo, portanto, está aumentando. O impacto da osteoporose no sistema de saúde irá, portanto, aumentar. Além de seu efeito no esqueleto em geral, a osteoporose também tem consequências significativas para a saúde bucal. Na verdade, pode ter um impacto:  ao nível dos dentes, pode causar um afrouxamento gradual da dentição e a criação de espaços inter dentários; ao nível dos ossos da mandíbula, a perda óssea pode tornar mais difícil a adaptação de implantes dentários ou o ajuste de próteses. O envelhecimento da população e o envolvimento de certas doenças metabólicas que afetam o metabolismo ósseo pode interferir na colocação dos implantes. A osteoporose afeta a qualidade e a quantidade óssea, portanto a colocação do implante pode ser arriscada. Estudos associam a perda de implantes dentários e a osteoporose diretamente, embora não sejam estatisticamente significativos. Apesar do fato de que a osteoporose a quantidade e a qualidade os ossos são afetados, a formação óssea adequada ao redor do implante e com uma porcentagem semelhante de contato do osso com a superfície do implante foi demonstrada em indivíduos saudáveis versus indivíduos com osteoporose.
An effective strategy for the development of paid medical services in a medical organization
Authors:   Viveya Consultative and Diagnostic Center under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai, Sulkina Yu.V. , Bolonyaeva N.V. ,   Viveya Consultative and Diagnostic Center under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai, Gaponenko E.K. ,   Viveya Consultative and Diagnostic Center under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai, Denisova E.V. ,   Viveya Consultative and Diagnostic Center under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai, Isayenko L.P. ,   Viveya Consultative and Diagnostic Center under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai
Published: November 2021

The relevance of the development of paid services in health care institutions is mainly due to the interest of managers in the development of medical institutions, since the funds received are both a source of additional material incentives for employees and an additional source of equipment for the institution
Antiangiogenic therapy for patients with choroidal neovascularization in the facilities of Viveya Consultive and Diagnostic Center
Authors:   Viveya Consultative and Diagnostic Center under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai, Sushkova M.A. , Kogut I.D. ,   Viveya Consultative and Diagnostic Center under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai, Novolodskaya O.I. ,   Viveya Consultative and Diagnostic Center under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai
Published: November 2021

The development of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is one of the unfavorable variants of the course of such retinal diseases as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), post-thrombotic retinopathy, complicated myopia, diabetic retinopathy and is the cause of irreversible vision loss in people of the older age group. Over the past decade, with the introduction of anti-VEGF-npenapates (drugs that inhibit neoangiogenesis), a revolution has occurred in the treatment of this pathology, which made it possible not only to preserve, but also to improve the vision of patients. Since 2011, the widespread use of intravitreal injections of the drug "Ranibizumab" has begun in Russia, and since 2016, "Aflibercept", but one of the lowest rates of use of this type of treatment remains in Russia. Since May 2020, the treatment of patients with CNV by intravitreal administration of the drug Aflibercept (Eilea) has been started at the CDC "Viveya". The presence of the Vivea-based Outpatient Surgery Center allows these manipulations to be carried out on an outpatient basis. Patient management, preoperative general clinical examination in the multidisciplinary medical center "Viveya" allows to reduce the time from diagnosis to the start of treatment, reduce the number of visits, and improve compliance
Modified SCARF osteotomy in the treatment of transverse flat foot with severe Hallux Valgus (literature review)
Authors:   Ortodent, LLC, Pryanishnikov R.V. , Volovik V.E. ,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai, Rykov A.G. ,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers under Health Ministry of Khabarovsk Krai
Published: November 2021

In the clinic of foot pathology "Podiatry Lab" in Khabarovsk, a modified SCARF osteotomy has been developed and introduced into practice. During the period from 2019 to the present, 23 patients have been operated according to the proposed method. Long-term results at a period of 10-12 months after the operation were tracked in 8 patients, the rest of the results were tracked and evaluated at a period of 3 and 6 months after the operation. At the follow-up examination during 10-12 months after the operation, the vast majority of patients are satisfied with the cosmetic and functional results of the operation
Contemporary Re-Interpretations of the Colonial Past Through the Biopics of Two Koreans: Park Kyŏng-Wŏn and Kim Sin-Rak
Authors: Trigo Maldonado Álvaro
Published: November 2021

In the past few years, the South Korean film industry has released a growing number of Korean movies set in the colonial period. This essay focuses on how these films deal with the painful memory of occupation. More specifically, the analysis will be centered on two biopics with narratives that differ from what could be argued to be the mainstream portrayals of the colonial period, which tend to depict the struggle of Korean freedom-fighters under Japanese rule. Moreover, this essay reflects on the meaning of reinterpreting the past through cinema.
PROBLEMATIC ISSUES AND DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES OF MODERN UKRAINIAN MILITARY MUSEUM ART
Authors: MASHTALIR Вадим Віталійович
Published: November 2021

The article analyzes the current state, problems in the functioning of military history museums and it characterizes further directions of development of Ukrainian military museology.It is established that the research of the current period of development of military museum affairs in Ukraine allows to note the growing role of military history museums in the revival of military history of the people, in the development of national society and in the establishment of its patriotic foundations.Іn the article is proved that the military history museum should become more interactive and more responsive to the real needs of the public. The museum should attract the attention of potential visitors, interest them and should be open to all. The formation of an attractive image of the military history museum through the using of art and information tools and assistance in meeting the interactive needs of people to combine knowledge with entertainment in their free time, force modern museum-exhibition complexes to use information-analytical, entertainment-game and other methods of recreation for their visitors.
ЕТАПИ РОЗВИТКУ ЗБРОЄЗНАВЧОЇ ІСТОРІОГРАФІЇ СТАРОГО СВІТУ ТА КОРОТКИЙ ОГЛЯД РОЗВИТКУ ЗБРОЄЗНАВСТВА У ЄВРОПІ ДО КІНЦЯ ХІХ СТ.
Authors: Тоїчкін Денис Віталійович
Published: November 2021

У статті подається визначення зброєзнавства як спеціальної історичної дисципліни, коротко розглянуто історію дослідження зброєзнавчої історіографії. Автор розглядає витоки історичного зброєзнавства від середньовіччя до кінця ХІХ ст. і виділяє основні етапи його розвитку. У ході дослідження простежено процеси формування великих музейних зібрань, та перетворення зброєзнавчих досліджень у сучасну наукову дисципліну. У цьому зв’язку виділено значення аматорських об’єднань і товариств, раннього ринку антикваріату, формування археологічної науки, мистецтвознавства та етнографії. Автор приділяє увагу біографіям та працям визначних діячів європейського зброєзнавства.
«ГІБРИДНА ВІЙНА» РОСІЇ В КОНТЕКСТІ ВІДНОВЛЕННЯ НЕЗАЛЕЖНОСТІ УКРАЇНИ У 1918 ТА 1991 РОКАХ
Authors: Заболотнюк Володимир Іванович , Марцінко Наталя Миколаївна
Published: November 2021

Аналізуються прояви «гібридної війни» Росії проти України на тлі подій відновлення незалежності України у 1918 та 1991 років. Констатується планомір­ність «гібридної війни» від часу відновлення незалежності України (1918, 1991 р.р.). Встановлюється, що війна 2014 року актуалізує комплекс проблем, пов’язаних із національною безпекою, змушує науковців вдатися до теоретичного аналізу причин і можливих наслідків «гібридної війни», вказати на шляхи вирішення проблеми. Перманентна агресія Росії, яка не припиняється століттями у політич­ній (насаджування інтеграційних проєктів, блокування вступу України до євро­атлантичних структур, спроби впливати на розстановку політичних сил тощо) сфері поставила Українську державу перед стратегічним викликом щодо її ефек­тивної адаптації в умовах нової геополітичної / геоекономічної реальності та необхідності реалізації стратегії міжнародної суб’єктності.
Inventio, dispositio, elocutio: tre lenti per l’analisi di argomentazioni nei libri di testo di geometria
Authors: Canducci Michele , Rocci Andrea , Sbaragli Silvia
Published: November 2021

A partire dal corpus del progetto Italmatica. Comprendere la matematica a scuola, fra lingua comune e linguaggio specialistico del Fondo nazionale svizzero, viene presentata un’analisi di esempi tratti dai libri di testo di geometria in lingua italiana della scuola primaria e secondaria di primo grado. L’analisi si basa sull’applicazione delle categorie di tipo retorico classico: inventio, dispositio ed elocutio, oggi afferenti ai domini degli studi linguistici, in particolare delle teorie dell’argomentazione. Attraverso l’analisi condotta, vengono evidenziate da un lato la profondità delle riflessioni che queste lenti teoriche consentono di raggiungere nello sviscerare un testo argomentativo di matematica, dall’altro la grande varietà di scelte possibili adottate dai libri di testo, che possono avere un effetto comunicativo sul lettore-studente.
Would architecture be a creative industry in Ukraine?
Authors: Ostapenko Hanna
Published: November 2021

Keywords: creative industry, architectural creation, architectural solution, architect,authors rights of architect

Thearticle is devoted to analysis of the legal position of architect has in relations with theclient. Architecture is regarded as a creative industry in Ukraine, therefore the attentionpayed to protection of intellectual property rights in this sphere is important. Theidea implemented in architectural model should be protected according to the protectionof copyright. The industry remains creative until the level of creativeness is highin this economic sector and the number of people involved in production due to the effectivenessand demand for the product is increasing or remains constant. The resultof art and of the architecture is not only the object of property, owned by a client, butalso a piece of art protected as creation under copyright. The subject of such rights isan architect. The legal status of architect in Ukraine is provided by the right to supervisionduring the building process, demand of sighing a final act completing the construction,which means, the building is lead astray without breaking authors copyright.Other special rights are provided such as a right to make a photo of the objectbefore destroying it.Despite regarding architecture objects as protected by copyright the draft law isadopted in the first reading that limits the rights and influence of architect has in theprocess of building. The draft law proposes an option for architect to transfer rights,being apart from the process of building. This can cause a situation when the buildingwill be constructively changed, the creation will be changed without the authors participation.If this proposal will be implemented, the level of the creativeness in architecturewould decrease and even lost. So, the total sphere risks losing the status ofbeing creative. It is underlined that respect to the copyright in architecture is necessaryto the industry and its development. In particular. such rights of the architect asa subject of intellectual property law will be under threat: the freedom of creativity,the right to the inviolability of the work, economic rights. Another thing which is ofconcern is the responsibility of the architect. The removal of the architect during theconstruction process poses a risk of absence of the culprit in case of deformation or destructionof the object, caused by a structural defect or defect of the project.
THE ACCURACY OF THE INFORMATION THE EGRN, THE CRITERIA OF ACCURACY USRER DATA RELIABILITY CRITERIA
Authors:   Moscow State University of Geodesy and Cartography, Grigorev Sergey A.
Published: November 2021

The article analyses the problem of USRER data reliability. It defines 2 data types: current records and potential records, representing an array of documented data, containing information about previ-ously registered real estate objects. The purpose of the research is substantiated – the development of methods for checking (automated cadastral audit) the reliability of the noted data. The article substantiates the terminological base of the audit and offers the criteria for determining the reliability of USRER data. It also gives a successful example of automated cadastral audit of USRER data and gives the conclusion about the possibility of using the audit in Rosreestr with the purpose of automated checking of real estate objects’ characteristics.
DEVELOPMENT OF METHODOLOGY FOR BUILDING A GEOINFORMATION SYSTEM FOR ANALYSIS OF NOVOSIBIRSK CYCLING INFRASTRUCTURE
Authors:   Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies, Lebedeva Kseniya S. , Bugakov Petr Yu. ,   Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies
Published: November 2021

The article discusses the development of a methodology for creating a geographic information system for the analysis of cycling infrastructure in the city of Novosibirsk. A publicly available GIS for analyzing cycling infrastructure with an up-to-date database should ensure efficient control over the state of the city's cycling infrastructure, its use and development, as well as access to the cycling infrastructure information to all interested citizens with the ability to contribute to its improvement. To im-plement GIS in practice the following basic instruments were used: full-featured software for preparing mapping materials – ArcGis; JavaScript library, intended to display maps on websites – Leaflet. As a result the article represents technological scheme of GIS creation, gives the description of structural content for attributive information, offers the methods for analysis of the condition and development of cycling infrastructure, as well as describes tools for the creation of the interactive map with the help of Leaflet.
CARTOGRAPHIC ASPECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL COGNITION OF REALITY
Authors:   Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies, Radchenko Lyudmila K. , Martynov Gennady P. ,   Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies
Published: November 2021

A map is a means of knowing the territory, but the user’ cognitive activity, interest to maps and the readiness level are different. The levels of an experienced user who reads a map using their professional knowledge of the mapping object being studied, and a student who started studying a school subject and does not have any basic knowledge of the subject being studied. The article proposes a structural cognition model of the surrounding reality with the help of such a means of cognition as a map. Cognitive activity is carried out on the basis of sensory cognition, theoretical thinking and practi-cal activity. It occurs when a certain new phenomenon – a stimulus – appears, which, with the help of an orientation reflex, activates the child's interest in new means of cognition of the surrounding reality – the map. Cognitive activity involves subconsciousness, intelligence, and consciousness, which form new knowledge about the environment. The process of child’s cognitive activity can be controlled by an assistant (teacher, parent) or can take place independently. Knowledge about the region is proposed to be formed by using a cognitive model of the region, visualized by the cartographic method. Such a model contains a certain set of thematic layers, characterizing the region as a whole, from all sides of natural, socio-economic aspects. The cognitive model allows working with a separate topic, disclosed in a specific map and getting comprehensive knowledge about the region, thereby fulfilling the strategic objectives of the State Program for 2019-2030, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 27.03.2019 No. 337 "Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation" to provide conditions for the development of "civil" science, expanding the access of citizens of the Russian Federation to scientific knowledge and participation in their acquisition.
DEVELOPMENT OF METHODOLOGY FOR CADASTRAL ACTIVITY
Authors:   Moscow State University of Geodesy and Cartography, Atamanov Sergey A.
Published: November 2021

The purpose of the research is the formalization of cadastral activity from systemic viewpoint. The article discusses the task of ensuring good quality of USRER data and provided services, which is solved by conducting high-quality cadastral works. The article deals defines the notion of quality, its factors and formulates cadastral results, which should contribute to "efficient" and least solution for goal achievement, which is legally provided, least resource-consuming and implemented in a given situation. As a result, the article offers a new methodology for cadastral activity, aimed at solving existing problems.
COMPOUND DRY-HOT EXTREME EVENTS IMPROVING INDIVIDUAL AND COMMUNITY PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE
Authors: Nunes Ana Raquel
Published: November 2021

The frequency of simultaneous or consecutive heatwaves, droughts and wildfires is increasing. Compound dry-hot extreme events, defined as a mix of concurrent or sequential occurrence of heatwaves, droughts and fires, contribute to risks and impacts to both society and the environment. Compound dry-hot extreme events already pose serious impacts on human health and well-being, and these impacts are expected to increase in the future. The purpose of this report is to discuss the need for improved individual and community preparedness and response to compound dry-hot extreme events, and to highlight the benefits such improvements would bring. In particular, the development and implementation of compound dry-hot extreme events action plans is essential for reducing the adverse health effects of current and future compound dry-hot extreme events.
Feasibility of Utilizing Wastewaters for Large-Scale Microalgal Cultivation and Biofuel Productions Using Hydrothermal Liquefaction Technique: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Bagchi Sourav Kumar , Patnaik Reeza , Prasad Ramasare
Published: November 2021

The two major bottlenecks faced during microalgal biofuel production are, (a) higher medium cost for algal cultivation, and (b) cost-intensive and time consuming oil extraction techniques. In an effort to address these issues in the large scale set-ups, this comprehensive review article has been systematically designed and drafted to critically analyze the recent scientific reports that demonstrate the feasibility of microalgae cultivation using wastewaters in outdoor raceway ponds in the first part of the manuscript. The second part describes the possibility of bio-crude oil production directly from wet algal biomass, bypassing the energy intensive and time consuming processes like dewatering, drying and solvents utilization for biodiesel production. It is already known that microalgal drying can alone account for ∼30% of the total production costs of algal biomass to biodiesel. Therefore, this article focuses on bio-crude oil production using the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) process that converts the wet microalgal biomass directly to bio-crude in a rapid time period. The main product of the process, i.e., bio-crude oil comprises of C16-C20 hydrocarbons with a reported yield of 50–65 (wt%). Besides elucidating the unique advantages of the HTL technique for the large scale biomass processing, this review article also highlights the major challenges of HTL process such as update, and purification of HTL derived bio-crude oil with special emphasis on deoxygenation, and denitrogenation problems. This state of art review article is a pragmatic analysis of several published reports related to algal crude-oil production using HTL technique and a guide towards a new approach through collaboration of industrial wastewater bioremediation with rapid one-step bio-crude oil production from chlorophycean microalgae.
Long Non-coding RNA ENST00000453774.1 Confers an Inhibitory Effect on Renal Fibrosis by Inhibiting miR-324-3p to Promote NRG1 Expression
Authors: Tang Shumei , Xiao Gong , Yuan Qiongjing , Lin Wei , Yuan Xiangning , Fang Xi , Deng Tianci , Xiao Xiangcheng
Published: November 2021

Progressive or chronic renal diseases arise from a process of destructive renal fibrosis. Therefore, the molecular basis of renal fibrosis has attracted increasing attention. In this investigation, we set out to elucidate the potential interaction among long non-coding RNA ENST00000453774.1 (lncRNA 74.1), microRNA-324-3p (miR-324-3p), and NRG1, and to investigate their roles in the context of cellular autophagy and renal fibrosis. We collected 30 renal fibrosis tissue samples for analysis. In other studies, HK-2 cells were stimulated with TGF-β1 to induce a cell model of renal fibrosis, followed by alteration on the expression of lncRNA 74.1, miR-324-3p, or NRG1, or by the addition of AKT activator SC79 in the HK-2 cells. The expression levels of lncRNA 74.1, miR-324-3p, NRG1, autophagy-related proteins (ATG5, ATG7, LC3II/I, and P62), and the corresponding fibrosis markers (Collagen I, Fibronectin, and α-SMA) were subsequently determined using various assay methods. In addition, the proportion of LC3 positive cells and number of autophagosomes were recorded. Results revealed that lncRNA 74.1 and NRG1 were poorly expressed and miR-324-3p was highly expressed in renal fibrosis tissues and modeled cells. LncRNA 74.1 could bind to miR-324-3p, which led to upregulated NRG1 expression and inhibition of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Meanwhile, overexpression of lncRNA 74.1 or down-regulation of miR-324-3p increased the levels of ATG5, ATG7, LC3II, and LC3I, and decreased levels of P62, Collagen I, Fibronectin, and α-SMA, accompanied by elevated proportions of LC3 positive cells and autophagosomes. Findings concur in showing that lncRNA 74.1 could induce cellular autophagy and alleviate renal fibrosis by regulating the miR-324-3p-mediated NRG1/PI3K/AKT axis. This axis may thus present a potential molecular target in renal fibrosis treatment.
CircPan3 Promotes the Ghrelin System and Chondrocyte Autophagy by Sponging miR-667-5p During Rat Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis
Authors: Zeng Jing , Zhang Zhenzhen , Liao Qing , Lu Qijin , Liu Jiemei , Yuan Lixia , Liu Gang
Published: November 2021

This study aimed to investigate the potential roles of circRNAs in regulating osteoarthritis (OA)-related ghrelin synthesis, autophagy induction, and the relevant molecular mechanisms. Results showed that Col2a1, Acan, ghrelin, and autophagy-related markers expression were downregulated, while matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTS5) expressions increased in both IL-1β-induced rat chondrocytes and cartilage tissues of OA rats. A total of 130 circRNAs and 731 mRNAs were differentially expressed in IL-1β-induced rat chondrocytes. Among them, we found that circPan3 expression was significantly decreased in both cellular and animal OA models. CircPan3 directly targeted miR-667-5p. CircPan3 overexpression promoted Col2a1, Acan, ghrelin, beclin 1, and LC3-II expression but reduced MMP13 and ADAMTS5 expression in rat chondrocytes, whereas overexpression of miR-667-5p exhibited opposite effects on the above markers. Furthermore, we found that miR-667-5p bound directly to the 3′-UTR sequence of ghrelin gene. Moreover, the circPan3-induced alterations in chondrocytes were antagonized by miR-667-5p overexpression. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that circPan3 promotes ghrelin synthesis and chondrocyte autophagy via targeting miR-667-5p, protecting against OA injury. This study provided experimental evidence that circPan3/miR-667-5p/ghrelin axis might serve as targets of drug development for the treatment of OA.
Mechanistic Insights Delineating the Role of Cholesterol in Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition and Drug Resistance in Cancer
Authors: Abdulla Naaziyah , Vincent C. Theresa , Kaur Mandeep
Published: November 2021

Despite the significant advancements made in targeted anti-cancer therapy, drug resistance constitutes a multifaceted phenomenon leading to therapy failure and ultimately mortality. Emerging experimental evidence highlight a role of cholesterol metabolism in facilitating drug resistance in cancer. This review aims to describe the role of cholesterol in facilitating multi-drug resistance in cancer. We focus on specific signaling pathways that contribute to drug resistance and the link between these pathways and cholesterol. Additionally, we briefly discuss the molecular mechanisms related to the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and the documented link between EMT, metastasis and drug resistance. We illustrate this by specifically focusing on hypoxia and the role it plays in influencing cellular cholesterol content following EMT induction. Finally, we provide a proposed model delineating the crucial role of cholesterol in EMT and discuss whether targeting cholesterol could serve as a novel means of combatting drug resistance in cancer progression and metastasis.
Peroxisomal Membrane Contact Sites in Yeasts
Authors: Joshi Amit S.
Published: November 2021

Peroxisomes are ubiquitous, single membrane-bound organelles that play a crucial role in lipid metabolism and human health. While peroxisome number is maintained by the division of existing peroxisomes, nascent peroxisomes can be generated from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane in yeasts. During formation and proliferation, peroxisomes maintain membrane contacts with the ER. In addition to the ER, contacts between peroxisomes and other organelles such as lipid droplets, mitochondria, vacuole, and plasma membrane have been reported. These membrane contact sites (MCS) are dynamic and important for cellular function. This review focuses on the recent developments in peroxisome biogenesis and the functional importance of peroxisomal MCS in yeasts.
The Structural Biology of Septins and Their Filaments: An Update
Authors: Cavini Italo A. , Leonardo Diego A. , Rosa Higor V. D. , Castro Danielle K. S. V. , D’Muniz Pereira Humberto , Valadares Napoleão F. , Araujo Ana P. U. , Garratt Richard C.
Published: November 2021

In order to fully understand any complex biochemical system from a mechanistic point of view, it is necessary to have access to the three-dimensional structures of the molecular components involved. Septins and their oligomers, filaments and higher-order complexes are no exception. Indeed, the spontaneous recruitment of different septin monomers to specific positions along a filament represents a fascinating example of subtle molecular recognition. Over the last few years, the amount of structural information available about these important cytoskeletal proteins has increased dramatically. This has allowed for a more detailed description of their individual domains and the different interfaces formed between them, which are the basis for stabilizing higher-order structures such as hexamers, octamers and fully formed filaments. The flexibility of these structures and the plasticity of the individual interfaces have also begun to be understood. Furthermore, recently, light has been shed on how filaments may bundle into higher-order structures by the formation of antiparallel coiled coils involving the C-terminal domains. Nevertheless, even with these advances, there is still some way to go before we fully understand how the structure and dynamics of septin assemblies are related to their physiological roles, including their interactions with biological membranes and other cytoskeletal components. In this review, we aim to bring together the various strands of structural evidence currently available into a more coherent picture. Although it would be an exaggeration to say that this is complete, recent progress seems to suggest that headway is being made in that direction.
Vitamin C Rescues in vitro Embryonic Development by Correcting Impaired Active DNA Demethylation
Authors: Chu Meiqiang , Yao Fusheng , Xi Guangyin , Yang Jiajun , Zhang Zhenni , Yang Qianying , Tian Jianhui , An Lei
Published: November 2021

During preimplantation development, a wave of genome-wide DNA demethylation occurs to acquire a hypomethylated genome of the blastocyst. As an essential epigenomic event, postfertilization DNA demethylation is critical to establish full developmental potential. Despite its importance, this process is prone to be disrupted due to environmental perturbations such as manipulation and culture of embryos during in vitro fertilization (IVF), and thus leading to epigenetic errors. However, since the first case of aberrant DNA demethylation reported in IVF embryos, its underlying mechanism remains unclear and the strategy for correcting this error remains unavailable in the past decade. Thus, understanding the mechanism responsible for DNA demethylation defects, may provide a potential approach for preventing or correcting IVF-associated complications. Herein, using mouse and bovine IVF embryos as the model, we reported that ten-eleven translocation (TET)-mediated active DNA demethylation, an important contributor to the postfertilization epigenome reprogramming, was impaired throughout preimplantation development. Focusing on modulation of TET dioxygenases, we found vitamin C and α-ketoglutarate, the well-established important co-factors for stimulating TET enzymatic activity, were synthesized in both embryos and the oviduct during preimplantation development. Accordingly, impaired active DNA demethylation can be corrected by incubation of IVF embryos with vitamin C, and thus improving their lineage differentiation and developmental potential. Together, our data not only provides a promising approach for preventing or correcting IVF-associated epigenetic errors, but also highlights the critical role of small molecules or metabolites from maternal paracrine in finetuning embryonic epigenomic reprogramming during early development.
Linking Wise Organizations to Wise Leadership, Job Satisfaction, and Well-Being
Authors: Ardelt Monika , Sharma Bhavna
Published: November 2021

Objective:Research shows that wisdom benefits individuals, but is this also true for organizations? To answer this question, we first delineated the characteristics of wise and not-so-wise organizations in the areas of goals, approach, range, characteristics of leaders and employees, and perception of aging, using a framework derived from comparing wisdom with intellectual knowledge. Guided by this framework, we then tested whether wise organizations have a positive effect on employees’ physical and subjective well-being mediated by wise leadership and job satisfaction.

Method:We created a wise organization index for nine organizations from the 2007–2008 Age and Generations Study based on 74 to 390 average employees’ ratings of perceived work opportunities for training and development, flexibility at work, absence of time pressure at work, work-life balance, satisfaction with work benefits, job security, and job opportunities. A mediated path model was analyzed to test the hypothesis. The sample contained 821 employees (age range 19–74 years; M = 41.98, SD = 12.26) with valid values on wise (fair and supportive) leadership at the first wave of data collection and employee job satisfaction (career as calling, satisfaction with career progress, engagement at work, and organizational commitment) and physical and subjective well-being at the second wave of data collection at least 6 months later.

Findings:Results confirmed that the positive associations between the organizations’ overall wisdom index and employees’ physical and subjective well-being scores at Wave 2 was mediated by employees’ perception of wise leadership at Wave 1 and employee job satisfaction at Wave 2.

Originality/value:This study fills a gap in the organizational wisdom literature by 1) systematically contrasting the characteristics of wise organizations with not-so-wise organizations, 2) creating a novel wise organization index, and 3) testing the effects of wise organizations and wise leadership on employees’ job satisfaction and physical and subjective well-being.

Practical and societal implications:The results suggest that wise organizations encourage wise leadership, and wise leadership, in turn, fosters job satisfaction, which benefits employees’ physical and subjective well-being. Hence, wise organizations ultimately enhance workers’ well-being, which likely contributes to the success and reputation of the organization through higher employee productivity and better customer service.
Dialogue-Based Learning: A Framework for Inclusive Science Education and Applied Ethics
Authors: Romano Michael R. , Díaz-Almeyda Erika , Namdul Tenzin , Lhundup Yeshi
Published: November 2021

Dialogue-based learning is an inclusive pedagogy that leverages epistemological pluralism in the classroom to enhance cross-cultural education, encourage critical thinking across modes of inquiry, and promote novel contributions in applied ethics. The framework emerged from the Buddhism-science dialogue and our experiences teaching science courses for Tibetan Buddhists in India through the Emory-Tibet Science Initiative. Buddhism and science are two modes of inquiry that emphasize critical inquiry and empiricism, yet navigating complementarities and points of friction is challenging. Our proposed framework aims to raise awareness of onto-epistemological assumptions to convert them from obstacles into assets in dialogue. In drawing attention to epistemological orientations, our framework demonstrates that receptivity to other ways of knowing fosters clarity in one’s own views while creating space for new and enriching perspectives. In this article, we contextualize the Buddhism-science dialogue, explore the development of our dialogue-based learning framework, and demonstrate its application to a novel exchange about the COVID-19 pandemic. Broader aims of the framework include increasing scientific literacy and advancing transdisciplinary research.
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors-Induced Arrhythmias: From Molecular Mechanisms, Pharmacokinetics to Therapeutic Strategies
Authors: Cheng Mengfei , Yang Fang , Liu Jiahui , Yang Dan , Zhang Shuo , Yu Yang , Jiang Shuai , Dong Mei
Published: November 2021

With the development of anti-tumor drugs, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are an indispensable part of targeted therapy. They can be superior to traditional chemotherapeutic drugs in selectivity, safety, and efficacy. However, they have been found to be associated with serious adverse effects in use, such as myocardial infarction, fluid retention, hypertension, and rash. Although TKIs induced arrhythmia with a lower incidence than other cardiovascular diseases, much clinical evidence indicated that adequate attention and management should be provided to patients. This review focuses on QT interval prolongation and atrial fibrillation (AF) which are conveniently monitored in clinical practice. We collected data about TKIs, and analyzed the molecule mechanism, discussed the actual clinical evidence and drug-drug interaction, and provided countermeasures to QT interval prolongation and AF. We also pooled data to show that both QT prolongation and AF are related to their multi-target effects. Furthermore, more than 30 TKIs were approved by the FDA, but most of the novel drugs had a small sample size in the preclinical trial and risk/benefit assessments were not perfect, which led to a suspension after listing, like nilotinib. Similarly, vandetanib exhibits the most significant QT prolongation and ibrutinib exhibits the highest incidence in AF, but does not receive enough attention during treatment.
The Ice-Rich Permafrost Sequences as a Paleoenvironmental Archive for the Kara Sea Region (Western Arctic)
Authors: Streletskaya I. D. , Pismeniuk A. A. , Vasiliev A. A. , Gusev E. A. , Oblogov G. E. , Zadorozhnaya N. A.
Published: November 2021

The Kara Sea coast and part of the shelf are characterized by wide presence of the ice-rich permafrost sequences containing massive tabular ground ice (MTGI) and ice wedges (IW). The investigations of distribution, morphology and isotopic composition of MTGI and IW allows paleoenvironmental reconstructions for Late Pleistocene and Holocene period in the Kara Sea Region. This work summarizes result of long-term research of ice-rich permafrost at eight key sites located in the Yamal, Gydan, Taimyr Peninsulas, and Sibiryakov Island. We identified several types of ground ice in the coastal sediments and summarized data on their isotopic and geochemical composition, and methane content. We summarized the available data on particle size distribution, ice chemical composition, including organic carbon content, and age of the enclosing ice sediments. The results show that Quaternary sediments of the region accumulated during MIS 5 – MIS 1 and generally consisted of two main stratigraphic parts. Ice-rich polygenetic continental sediments with syngenetic and epigenetic IW represent the upper part of geological sections (10–15 m). The IW formed in two stages: in the Late Pleistocene (MIS 3 – MIS 2) and in the Holocene cold periods. Oxygen isotope composition of IW formed during MIS 3 – MIS 2 is on average 6‰ lower than that of the Holocene IW. The saline clay with rare sand layers of the lower part of geological sections, formed in marine and shallow shelf anaerobic conditions. MTGI present in the lower part of the sections. The MTGI formed under epigenetic freezing of marine sediments immediately after sea regression and syngenetic freezing of marine sediments in the tidal zone and in the conditions of shallow sea.
Summertime Moisture Sources and Transportation Pathways for China and Associated Atmospheric Circulation Patterns
Authors: Zhang Ruonan , Chu QuCheng , Zuo Zhiyan , Qi Yanjun
Published: November 2021

Based on the Lagrangian particle dispersion model, HYSPLIT 4.9, this study analyzed the summertime atmospheric moisture sources and transportation pathways affecting six subregions across China. The sources were: Midlatitude Westerly (MLW), Siberian-Arctic regions (SibArc), Okhotsk Sea (OKS), Indian Ocean (IO), South China Sea (SCS), Pacific Ocean (PO), and China Mainland (CN). Furthermore, the relative contributions of these seven moisture sources to summertime precipitation in China were quantitatively assessed. Results showed that the CN precipitation source dominates the interannual and interdecadal variation of precipitation in most subregions, except Southwest and South China. The Northeast China vortex and Pacific–Japan (PJ) teleconnection, which transport water vapor from the MLW, OKS and PO sources, are crucial atmospheric systems and patterns for the variation of precipitation in Northeast China. The interannual variation of precipitation in Northwest and North China is mainly dominated by mid–high-latitude Eurasian wave trains, which provide the necessary dynamical conditions and associated moisture transport from the MLW and SibArc sources. In addition, an enhanced western North Pacific subtropical high (WNPSH) accompanied by the East Asian–western North Pacific summer monsoon and PJ teleconnection, transports extra moisture to North China from the SCS and PO sources, as well to the Yangtze River Valley and South China. The Indian summer monsoon (ISM) is also critically important for the interdecadal change in precipitation over the Yangtze River Valley and South China, via the southwesterly branch of moisture transport from the IO source. The interdecadal changes in precipitation over Southwest China are determined by the IO and SCS sources, via enhanced WNPSH coupling with a weakened ISM. These results suggest that the interdecadal and interannual variations of moisture sources contribute to the attendant variation of summertime precipitation in China via large-scale circulation regimes in both the mid–high and lower latitudes.
Progress in English Language Teaching Through Continuous Professional Development—Teachers’ Self-Awareness, Perception, and Feedback
Authors: Vadivel Balachandran , Namaziandost Ehsan , Saeedian Abdulbaset
Published: November 2021

This research aimed to investigate the various aspects of EFL teachers’ professional development through Continuous Professional Development (CPD). Hence a study involving 83 EFL teachers from different socio-economic, multi-cultural, educational, and disciplinary backgrounds was conducted to ascertain their attitudes, perceptions, and feedback on CPD. The sample population was random, and the data collection was through a questionnaire. The results showed that teachers take charge of their CPD, but for better outcomes, they need professional development through shared experience, reflective teaching, and have a sense of community among them to stay at par with the global standards of the education system. Through this research, the concept of CPD and its significance in teaching English are made available. This study also proposes higher achievement in education through teacher professional development programs. Moreover, the analysis demonstrated that teachers are confident in what they do because of their positive belief in their own CPD. From the results, it was clear that every EFL teacher should take charge of their professional development to become better teachers and help students achieve their goals.
The Association Between Sleep and Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Che Tingting , Yan Cheng , Tian Dingyuan , Zhang Xin , Liu Xuejun , Wu Zhongming
Published: November 2021

Purpose

Sleep duration is thought to play a key role in the development of metabolic syndrome. However, the results have been inconsistent.

Methods

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies and searched publications in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Clinicaltrials.gov. The summary relative risks (RRs) were estimated using a random model. The sensitivity analysis was performed by sequentially excluding each study to test the robustness of the pooled estimates.

Finding

We included 13 studies involving 300,202 patients in which short sleep and long sleep significantly increased the risk of metabolic syndrome 15% (RR = 1.15, 95%CI = 1.09-1.22, p < 0.001) and 19% (RR = 1.19, 95%CI = 1.05-1.35, p < 0.001). Moreover, the relationship between sleep duration and metabolic syndrome risk presented a U-shaped curve. Short and long sleep increased the risk of obesity by 14% (RR = 1.14, 95%CI = 1.07-1.22, p<0.001) and 15% (RR = 1.15, 95%CI = 1.00-1.30, p = 0.04), and high blood pressure 16% (RR = 1.16, 95%CI = 1.02-1.31, p = 0.03) and 13% (RR = 1.13, 95%CI = 1.04-1.24, p = 0.01), respectively. Short sleep can potentially increase the risk of high blood sugar by 12% (RR = 1.12, 95%CI = 1.00-1.15, P = 0.05).

Implications

Based on our findings, sleep is a behavior that can be changed and is economical. Clinically doctors and health professionals should be encouraged to increase their efforts to promote healthy sleep for all people.
CALIPSO Aerosol-Typing Scheme Misclassified Stratospheric Fire Smoke: Case Study From the 2019 Siberian Wildfire Season
Authors: Ansmann Albert , Ohneiser Kevin , Chudnovsky Alexandra , Baars Holger , Engelmann Ronny
Published: November 2021

In August 2019, a 4-km thick wildfire smoke layer was observed in the lower stratosphere over Leipzig, Germany, with a ground-based multiwavelength Raman lidar. The smoke was identified by the smoke-specific spectral dependence of the extinction-to-backscatter ratio (lidar ratio) measured with the Raman lidar. The spaceborne CALIPSO (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation) lidar CALIOP (Cloud–Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization) detected the smoke and classified it as sulfate aerosol layer (originating from the Raikoke volcanic eruption). In this article, we discuss the reason for this misclassification. Two major sources for stratospheric air pollution were active in the summer of 2019 and complicated the CALIPSO aerosol typing effort. Besides intense forest fires at mid and high northern latitudes, the Raikoke volcano erupted in the Kuril Islands. We present two cases observed at Leipzig, one from July 2019 and one from August 2019. In July, pure volcanic sulfate aerosol layers were found in the lower stratosphere, while in August, wildfire smoke dominated in the height range up to 4–5 km above the local tropopause. In both cases, the CALIPSO aerosol typing scheme classified the layers as sulfate aerosol layers. The aerosol identification algorithm assumes non-spherical smoke particles in the stratosphere as consequence of fast lifting by pyrocumulonimbus convection. However, we hypothesize (based on presented simulations) that the smoke ascended as a results of self-lifting and reached the tropopause within 2–7 days after emission and finally entered the lower stratosphere as aged spherical smoke particles. These sphercial particles were then classified as liquid sulfate particles by the CALIPSO data analysis scheme. We also present a successful case of smoke identification by the CALIPSO retrieval method.
Current Knowledge and Future Challenges on Bacterial Degradation of the Highly Complex Petroleum Products Asphaltenes and Resins
Authors: Nzila Alexis , Musa Musa M.
Published: November 2021

Petroleum products consist mainly of aliphatics, aromatics, asphaltenes and resins. After oil exploitation, the concentrations of asphaltenes and resins are high in oil reservoirs; however, they are also the petroleum pollutants most recalcitrant to degradation, leading to high oil viscosity. A sizable amount of work has been dedicated to understand the degradation mechanisms of aliphatics and aromatics; however, in comparison, little work has been carried out on asphaltene and resin degradation. This review discusses our current knowledge on the understanding of asphaltene and resin degradation. More specifically, it sheds light on work carried out to date on the degradation of these pollutants, and highlights the major gaps that limit our understanding of their degradation pathways. It also presents new potential research areas that can be explored to fill in these gaps.