bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The frequency of reduction loss after arthroscopic fixation of acute acromioclavicular dislocations using a double-button device, and its effect on clinical and radiological results
Authors: Çarkçı Engin , Polat Ayşe E , Gürpınar Tahsin
Published: January 2020

Background The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of reduction loss of more than 3 mm on clinical and radiological results after at least 2 years of follow-up after arthroscopic fixation of acute acromioclavicular joint dislocations using a double-button device.Methods Thirty-six patients who had acute (<3 weeks old), type III or V Acromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocations underwent arthroscopic fixation of the AC joint using a double-button device. Clinical and radiological evaluations were performed at preoperative, postoperative first day, 3 months and last follow-up. When the coracoclavicular (CC) distances of patients at the last follow-up were compared to the early postop CC distances, those with a difference of 3 mm or less were grouped as group A and those with a difference of more than 3 mm were grouped as group B.Results There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of age, gender, follow-up time, time from injury to surgery, return to work, and distribution of Rockwood classification. Pre-operative CC distance was reduced from 18.7 ± 3.5 to 8.5 ± 0.6 in the early postoperative period. Anatomic reduction was achieved in all patients compared with the unaffected side (CC distance 8.6 ± 0.7). However, the CC distance increased to 9.9 ± 1.5 at the third month follow-up and increased to 11 ± 2.7 at the last follow-up. There were no significant Constant score differences between the groups in the preoperative and last follow-up periods (p>0.05). At the last follow-up, the mean Acromioclavicular Joint Instability (ACJI) score of group A was 84.4 ± 8, whereas it was 68.3 ± 8.3 for group B, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.01). Furthermore, the subjective evaluation and aesthetic subjective satisfaction values of group B were lower than group A (p <0.01).Conclusions Reduction loss of more than 3 mm was observed in 25% of patients after arthroscopic fixation of acute acromioclavicular dislocations using a double-button device. Although this loss did not create a statistically significant difference in Constant scores, AC joint-specific tests such as ACJI, subjective evaluation, and aesthetic subjective satisfaction values were significantly impaired.
A Danish version of the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14): Translation and cross-cultural adaptation.
Authors: Gera Arwa , Cattaneo Paolo M. , Cornelis Marie A.
Published: January 2020

Background In Dentistry, Oral Health Related Quality of life instruments provide a measure of gains in oral function as well as psychological well-being. Such subjective measures can be assessed by the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14). However, a translated and validated Danish version of OHIP-14 is not available yet. Hence, the questionnaire can not be used in Denmark. The purpose of this study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt the original English version of Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) into a Danish version (OHIP-14-DK). In addition, to investigate its applicability among adolescents and adults undergoing orthodontic treatment in Denmark, as well as to assess its internal consistency, reliability, and test-retest reliability.Methods The English version of OHIP-14 was translated into Danish following a standard protocol of cross-cultural adaptation. Stages I –IV: translation phase to eventually generate an “OHIP-14-DK” pre-final version. Stage V: pre-testing phase. A random sample of 22 orthodontic patients (mean age 24.7 years, SD ±14.8; 14 females, 8 males) were selected at Aarhus University, Section of orthodontics, Denmark. All patients self-completed the OHIP-14-DK and were thereafter interviewed. To measure reliability, all patients completed the same questionnaire again after 1-2 weeks interval. Reliability was assessed by Cronbach’s alpha coefficients, Spearman’s correlation coefficient, and ICC.Results The initial and back translations were very similar: OHIP-14-DK proved to have a good level of equivalence with no errors or deviations in the translation, relevant to orthodontic patients, fitting the Danish culture, and understood by individuals as young as 12 years old. The distribution of responses verified that all questions relate to their domains. Therefore, no final adjustments were required for the tested version. Cronbach’s alpha ranged between 0.75-0.84 indicating an adequate to good reliability. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was 0.77 for the OHIP total score. The obtained ICC value for the mean rating was 0.91 (95% confidence interval: 0.78-0.96).Conclusions OHIP-14-DK fits the Danish culture, applicable among adolescents and adults undergoing orthodontic treatment in Denmark. Proved to be face and content valid with good internal consistency, excellent reliability, and strong stability. Study registration case no. 1-10-72-148-19 Keywords: Orthodontics, OHIP-14, Oral health related quality of life, translation, cross-cultural adaptation, Danish.
Benefit of dosimetry distribution for patients with brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer by Cyberknife Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) system
Authors: YU Xuyao , Wang Yuwen , Yuan Zhiyong , Yu Hui , Song Yongchun , Zhao Lujun , Wang Ping
Published: January 2020

BackgroundTo pursue high precision in tumor and steeper dose fall-off in healthy tissues of brain metastases stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), this study investigated an opitimized planning by comparison only one multiple-lesions-plan (MLP) and multiple single-lesion-plans (SLP) in the treatment of brain metastases using Cyberknife (CK) Robotic Radiosurgery System. MethodsFifty non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients (28 males and 22 females) with 2-4 multiple brain metastases were retrospectively replanned with 12 to 32 Gy prescription dose in 1 to 3 fractions. Two different clinical SRS plans (SLP and MLP) for the same patients were generated, under the same collimator and prescription isodose line (62-68%) by CK Multiplan System. Both the SLP and MLP were able to get ＞95% PTV volume covered prescription isodose and meet the Timmerman 2011 OAR (brainstem, optic nerve and pituitary) constraints.ResultsCompared with the SLP, the maximum dose (Dmax) and mean dose (Dmean) of brainstem in the MLP decreased 0.22-3.13% (2.62%) and 2.71-12.56% (5.57%), over all P＜0.05. While the volumes of whole brain minus the tumors received a single dose equivalence of 8-16Gy (V8Gy-V16Gy) could effectively reduce in the MLP. And the treatment time parameters (the total number of beams and monitor units (MU)) of the MLP declined 3.31% and 1.47% (P＜0.05) respectively. Although there were a few differences of conformity index (CI) and homogeneity index (HI) between two treatment plans, it was no statistical significance (P = 2.94 and 1.08＞ 0.05). ConclusionOne multiple-lesions-plan for brain metastases could achieve higher precision in target and lower dose in healthy tissue, while shorten the treatment time and improve the treatment efficiency.
Autism-associated variants of neuroligin 4X impair synaptogenic activity by various molecular mechanisms
Authors: Yumoto Takafumi , Kimura Misaki , Nagatomo Ryota , Watanabe Hirotaka , Okano Hideyuki , Yoshida Fumiaki , Nao Yosuke , Tomita Taisuke
Published: January 2020

Several genetic alterations, including point mutations and copy number variations in NLGN genes have been associated with psychiatric disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and X-linked mental retardation (XLMR). NLGN genes encode neuroligin (NL) proteins, which are adhesion molecules that are important for proper synaptic formation and maturation. Previously, we and others found that the expression level of murine NL1 is regulated by proteolytic processing in a synaptic activity-dependent manner. In this study, we analyzed the effects of missense variants associated with ASD and XLMR on the metabolism and function of NL4X, a protein which is encoded by the NLGN4X gene and is expressed only in humans. NL4X was found to undergo proteolytic processing in human neuronal cells. Almost all NL4X variants caused a substantial decrease in the levels of mature NL4X and its synaptogenic activity in a heterologous culture system. Intriguingly, the L593F variant of NL4X accelerated the proteolysis of mature NL4X proteins located on the cell surface. In contrast, other variants decreased the cell-surface trafficking of NL4X. Notably, protease inhibitors as well as chemical chaperones rescued the expression of mature NL4X. These data suggest that reduced amounts of the functional NL4X protein on the cell surface is a common mechanism by which point mutants of the NL4X protein cause psychiatric disorders, although different molecular mechanisms are thought to be involved. Furthermore, these results highlight that the precision medicine approach based on genetic and cell biological analyses is important for the development of therapeutics for psychiatric disorders.
A Chart Review of Substance Use Screening and Related Documentation among Adolescents in Outpatient Pediatric Clinics: Implications for Practice
Authors: Kuhns Lisa M. , Rogers Brookley , Greeley Katie , Muldoon Abigail L. , Karnik Niranjan , Thompson Hale , Garofalo Robert , Rahmandar Maria
Published: January 2020

Background: Despite recent reductions, youth substance use continues to be a concern in the United States. Structured primary care screening is recommended, but not widely implemented. The purpose of this study was to describe substance use screening in a large academic medical center, assess related factors, and evaluate screening documentation to inform practice. Methods: We abstracted a random sample of 127 records of patients aged 12-17 and coded clinical notes to identify screening cases and related characteristics. We then analyzed descriptive patterns within the data to calculate screening rates, characteristics of screening, and used multivariable logistic regression to identify related factors. Results: Rates of screening by providers were 72% for common substances (alcohol, marijuana, tobacco). The primary method of screening was use of clinical pneumonic cues rather than standardized screening tools. A total of 6% of patients reported substance use during screening. Older age and racial/ethnic minority status were associated with provider screening in multivariable logistic regression models. Conclusions: Despite recommendations, low rates of screening in primary care persist. Failure to use a standardized screening tool may contribute to low screening rates and biased screening. These findings may be used to inform implementation of standardized and structured screening in the clinical environment.
Exploring the relationship between health status and simulated patient-care scenario performance among experienced paramedics.
Authors: Tremblay Mathieu , Albert Wayne J. , Fischer Steven L. , Beairsto Eric , Johnson Michel J.
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND: It is well known that health status of paramedics may be altered by their job demands. However, it is unknown whether health conditions have a negative impact on occupational performance. The goal of this study was to explore whether a paramedic’s health status affects performance during a patient-care simulation. More precisely, this paper aims to identify which health conditions (i.e., cardiovascular diseases (CVD), musculoskeletal disorders (MSD), post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD), generalized anxiety disorders (GAD)) could be associated with negative performance. METHODS: Nineteen paramedics aged 38.2 ± 8.6 years old with 15.0 ± 8.7 years of paramedic experience participated in this study. Participants completed two assessments: i) health conditions measurements and ii) patient-care simulation. Heart rate variability (HRV), an indicator of vagal activity was collected during the patient-care simulation. The simulation was used in order to challenge experienced paramedics in a realistic setting. Based on the provincial standard of New Brunswick, an experienced paramedic instructor graded (passed or failed) the patient-care simulation using the provincial standard charts, videos and data from manikin. RESULTS: The current study suggests that only paramedics with self-reported elevated symptoms of PTSD were less likely to successfully complete the simulated patient-care scenario. An inhibition of the vagal activity was noted during the patient-care simulation among individuals identified with PTSD. No link was observed between physical health conditions (CVD, MSD) and simulated patient-care performance. Overall, paramedics who passed the patient-care simulation presented higher vagal activity during the patient assessment. CONCLUSIONS: This research suggests that the presence of self-reported elevated symptoms of PTSD negatively impacts paramedics’ performance during a stressful work task simulation. Therefore, to help paramedics maintain optimal performance, it may be important to ensure that paramedics have access to appropriate resources to monitor and improve their psychosocial health. Future studies should investigate more complex work tasks with larger sample sizes and more complex simulations.
Rotation and torsion of the left ventricle with cardiovascular magnetic resonance tagging: comparison of two analysis software
Authors: Lehmonen Lauri , Jalanko Mikko , Tarkiainen Mika , Kaasalainen Touko , Kuusisto Johanna , Lauerma Kirsi , Savolainen Sauli
Published: January 2020

Background Left ventricle rotation and torsion are fundamental components of myocardial function, several software have been developed for the analysis of these components. Purpose of the study was to compare the suitability of two such software with different technical principles in analyzing rotation and torsion of the left ventricle during systole. Methods A group of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients (N = 14, age 43 ± 11 years), mutation carriers without hypertrophy (N = 10, age 34 ± 13 years) and healthy controls (N = 12, age 43 ± 17 years) underwent a cardiovascular magnetic resonance examination including spatial modulation of magnetization tagging sequences in basal and apical levels of the left ventricle. The tagging images were analyzed offline using a harmonic phase image analysis method with Gabor filtering, and with non-rigid registration based free-form deformation technique. Left-ventricle rotation and torsion scores were obtained from end-diastole to end-systole with both software.Results Analysis was successful in all cases with both software. End-systolic torsion values between the study groups were not statistically different, with either software. End-systolic apical rotation, end-systolic basal rotation, and end-systolic torsion were consistently higher in Segment compared to HPF (p < 0.0001). End-systolic rotation and torsion values had statistically significant correlations between the two software (p < 0.0001), most significant in the apical plane. Conclusions When comparing absolute values of rotation and torsion between different individuals, software specific reference values are required. Harmonic phase flow with Gabor filtering, and non-rigid registration-based analysis methods can both be used reliably in the analysis of systolic rotation and torsion patterns of the left ventricle.
Improving the diagnostic performance of CT image biomarkers in combination with clinical parameters for the common parotid tumors
Authors: Zhang Dan , Li Xiaojiao , Lv Liang , Yu Jiayi , Yang Chao , Xiong Hua , Liao Ruikun , Zhou Bi , Huang Xianlong , Liu Xiaoshuang , tang zhuoyue
Published: January 2020

ObjectiveTo develop and validate diagnostic models of the common parotid tumors based on whole-volume CT textural image biomarkers (IBMs) in combination with clinical parameters at a single institution.Methods The study cohort was composed of 51 pleomorphic adenoma (PA) patients and 42 Warthin tumor (WT) patients. Clinical parameters and conventional image features were scored retrospectively and textural IBMs were extracted from CT images of arterial phase . Independent-samples t test or Chi-square test was used for evaluating the significance of the difference among clinical parameters, conventional CT image features, and textural IBMs. The diagnostic performance of univariate model and multivariate model was evaluated via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under ROC curve (AUC).Results Significant differences were found in clinical parameters (age, gender, disease duration, smoking), conventional image features (site, maximum diameter, time-density curve, peripheral vessels sign) and textural IBMs (mean, uniformity, energy, entropy) between PA group and WT group (P<0.05). ROC analysis showed that clinical parameter (age) and quantitative textural IBMs (mean, energy, entropy) were able to categorize the patients into PA group and WT group, with the AUC of 0.784, 0.902, 0.910, 0.805, respectively. When IBMs were added in clinical model, the multivariate models including age-mean, age-entropy, and age-energy performed significantly better than the univariate models with the improved AUC of 0.940, 0.944, 0.861, respectively (P<0.001).Conclusions Both clinical parameter and CT textural IBMs can be used for the preoperative, noninvasive diagnosis of parotid PA and WT. The diagnostic performance of textural IBM model was obviously better than that of clinical model and conventional image model in this study. While the multivariate model consisted of clinical parameter and textural IBM had the optimal diagnostic performance, which would contribute to the better selection of individualized surgery program.
Value of T1 Mapping on Gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI for Microvascular Invasion of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Rao chenyi , Wang Xinquan , Li Minda , Zhou Guofeng , Gu Hongmei
Published: January 2020

Background: To evaluate the utility of non-invasive parameters driving from T1 mapping on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI for predicting microvascular invasion (MVI) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) compared with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI).Methods: A total of 94 patients with single HCC undergoing partial hepatectomy was included in the retrospective study, who underwent preoperative gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI combined with DWI and T1 mapping. Parameters including precontrast, postcontrast and reduction rate of T1 relaxation time and ADC values were measured for differentiating MVI-positive HCCs (n=38) from MVI-negative HCCs (n=56). The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was analyzed to compare the diagnostic performance of the calculated parameters.Results: The mean value of postcontrast T1 relaxation time were significantly higher in MVI-positive HCCs that MVI-negative HCCs (621.0 vs. 536.5, P <0.001). MVI-positive HCCs demonstrated significantly lower reduction rates of T1 relaxation time and lower ADC values than MVI-negative HCCs (39.4% vs 49.9, P<0.001; 1.495×10-3mm2/s vs 1.620×10-3mm2/s, P=0.003, respectively). The area under receiver operating characteristic curves were 0.587, 0.728, 0.824 and 0.690 for precontrast, postcontrast, reduction rate of T1 relaxation time and ADC, respectively. The reduction rate of T1 relaxation time was the most reliable feature with sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the cut-off value (44.9%) of 79.0%, 73.2%, 75.5%, respectively.Conclusions: Reduction rate of T1 relaxation time on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI holds promise for evaluating MVI status of HCC.
Low-cost and easily fabricated ultrasound-guided breast phantom for breast biopsy training
Authors: Ng Si Yen , Kuo Yao-Lung , Lin Chi-Lun
Published: January 2020

Background: We developed an inexpensive and easy-to-fabricate gelatin-based breast biopsy training phantom and evaluated its effectiveness in improving the biopsy skill level and confidence level of residents.Methods: Six residents were requested to evaluate the effectiveness of the double-layered breast phantom, which contained a malignant tumor, two benign tumors, and a cyst. The Young’s modulus and acoustic properties of the gelatin tissue phantom and simulated tumors were investigated.Results: The result showed that 83% (n=5) of the participants agreed that the ultrasound image quality produced by the breast phantom was excellent or good. However, only 17% (n=1) of the participants claimed that there was room of improvement for the haptic feedback they received during the placement of core needle into the breast phantom. The mean pre-instructional score was 17% (SD 33%) for all participants. The mean post-instructional score was 83% (SD 33%), giving an overall improvement of 1.32/2 mean scores. The mean needle biopsy skill and confidence levels of the participants substantially increased through simulation training on our breast phantom.Conclusions: The proposed breast phantom can be easily fabricated by a resident for breast biopsy training. Simulation training using our breast phantom can improve a resident's confidence when performing challenging ultrasound-guided breast biopsy. According to the participants’ feedback, our breast phantom is sufficiently realistic in terms of ultrasound imaging and haptic feedback during needle insertion; thus, the training outcome can be linked to the performance of residents when they perform a live biopsy.
Growth Retardation Caused by Reduced Tonoplast V-ATPase Activity in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Liang Guihong , Liu Dong , Xiao Yan , Tang Tianjiao , Song Haixing , Zhang Zhenhua
Published: January 2020

Background: Vacuoles are unique compartments in plant cells. Their multiple functions require massive fluxes of molecules across their limiting membrane, the tonoplast. Transport across the tonoplast is energized by its membrane potential and the proton gradient established by two proton pumps, the vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase), and the vacuolar H+-pyrophosphatase (V-PPase), which play important roles in the growth and development of plants. However, the mechanisms by which they affect plant growth and development, in the absence of tonoplast proton pumps, remain unclear. Results: In this study, we show that the Arabidopsis thaliana double mutant, vha-a2vha-a3, which lacks two tonoplast-localized isoforms of the membrane-integral V-ATPase subunit VHA-a, is viable, but shows a phenotype of inhibited growth and leaf chlorosis. Reduced total nitrogen absorption and increased nitrate assimilation lead to the accumulation of ammonium in the shoot, which results in the growth retardation of vha-a2vha-a3. Concurrently, the distribution and concentration of cations are abnormal in plants when VHA-a2 and VHA-a3 genes are absent, which is another major growth-limiting factor. Interestingly, the growth inhibition of the vha-a2vha-a3 double mutant was alleviated and senescence delayed, while the concentration of total nitrogen increased and that of ammonium decreased, when adding additional potassium. Conclusions: Our results show that plants can be viable without VHA-a2 and VHA-a3 but are affected by multiple factors that result in growth retardation, which can be alleviated by adding additional potassium, which provides a new insight on the relationship between vacuolar H+-ATPase and potassium.
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) promotes the regeneration of severe endometrial damage in a rat model
Authors: Mei Zhuang , Wuwen Zhang , Dan Liu , Hua Yan , Ge Fang , Chin Heng Boon , Yan Sun , guoqing Tong
Published: January 2020

Background: Intrauterine adhesions (IUA) is a common endometrial disease, which is one of the causes of infertility. Transplantation of stem cells may provide a viable solution for endometrial repair and regeneration. We made a model of severe endometrial injury in rats, transplanted hUCMSCs, and studied the effect of hUCMSCs on endometrial regeneration. Methods: Thirty-two female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal group, injury control group, MSC1 group and MSC2 group. After 15 days of intervention and transplantation, histological analysis was performed and cytokine messenger RNA expression was measured. Results: The HE staining results showed that the endometrial tissue of the injury control group was significantly damaged, and the endometrial tissues of the MSC1 group and the MSC2 group were improved. We did not detect the expression of keratin and vimentin in the injury control group. However, there was the expression of keratin and vimentin in the MSC1 group and the MSC2 group. The results of Real-time PCR showed that the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) mRNA in the normal group and MSC1 group was lower than that of the injury control group (P<0.05).The expression levels of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) mRNA in the normal group and MSC2 group were higher than that of the injury control group (P<0.05). The expression levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) mRNA in the normal group was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions: Transplantation of hUCMSCs promoted the recovery of severe endometrial damage in rats. These findings suggest the effect may be related to the mechanisms of homing and paracrine secretion.
The impact of psychosocial interventions on neonatal and maternal mortality in LMICs: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Riedel Elena M. C. , Turner David T. , Sanz Clara Miguel , Kobeissi Loulou Hassan , Karyotaki Eirini , Say Lale , Cuijpers Pim , Harper-Shehadeh Melissa
Published: January 2020

Background Despite progress in medical and skilled delivery care worldwide, neonatal and maternal mortality is still a major public health problem in resource-limited settings.Objective To determine whether psychosocial interventions (PSI) can reduce neonatal and maternal mortality in low-and middle-income countries, and which approaches are most promising.Methods Randomised controlled trials comparing a PSI with a control condition were identified through systematic searches in seven databases. Effects were pooled as risk ratios in random-effects meta-analyses. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool, and publication bias was estimated. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to investigate sources of heterogeneity.ResultsOf 22 eligible RCTs (20 cluster randomised trials), the outcomes of 21 were synthesized for the outcome of neonatal mortality and 14 for maternal mortality. PSIs effectively reduced the risk of neonatal mortality by about 15% (RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.78-0.94). The risk of maternal death was reduced by almost 21% (RR 0.79, 95% CI 0.68-0.93) with low levels of heterogeneity. There was low to medium risk of bias and no indication for substantial publication bias.Conclusions Results suggest that PSIs, mainly multi-method and group-based approaches, have the potential to substantially decrease the risk of maternal and neonatal death in low- and middle-income countries. The results of the latter outcome are marked by high heterogeneity and thus to be taken with caution.
From Inquisition to E-Inquisition: A Survey of Online Sources on the Portuguese Inquisition
Authors: Pendse Liladhar
Published: January 2020

The Portuguese Inquisition in the colonies of the Empire remains understudied due to a lack of primary source materials that are available the researchers and educators. The advances in digital technologies and the current drive to foster Open Access have allowed us to understand better the relations among the complex set of circumstances as well as the mechanisms that, in their totality, represent the Portuguese Inquisition. The present paper seeks to answer questions that vary from describing these resources to identifying the institutions that created them. Digitized resources serve as a surrogate of the originals, and we can leverage the access to these electronic surrogates and enhance our understanding of the mechanisms of inquisition through E-Inquisitional objects in pedagogy and research.
Fine structure of neurosecretory cells and sinus gland in the eyestalk of the freshwater crab Travancoriana schirnerae Bott, 1969 (Decapoda: Gecarcinucidae)
Authors: Raghavan Sudha Devi Arath , Ayanath Aswani , Sagar Bhadravathi Kenchappa Chandrasekhar
Published: January 2020

This study elucidated the fine structure of neurosecretory cells and sinus gland in the optic ganglia of the freshwater crab Travancoriana schirnerae Bott, 1969 (Decapoda: Gecarcinucidae). The eyestalk ganglion showed the presence of four well defined ganglia arranged below the ommatidium: lamina ganglionaris, medulla externa, medulla interna and medulla terminalis of which the lamina ganglionaris, was devoid of neurosecretory cells. Groups of neurosecretory cells seen distributed along the medulla externa, interna and terminalis regions constitute the X-organs. Electron microscopic observations of the eyestalk ganglia revealed ten types of neurosecretory cells, mostly apolar with a few unipolar and bipolar cells classified according to the size, shape and density of the cell and nucleus, cell organelles/inclusions, together with the arrangement and properties of chromatin. These cells were characterized by the presence of large nuclei with unusually condensed chromatin, inclusions like vacuoles and vesicles of varying size, shape and density and organelles like Golgi, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes and mitochondria and neurosecretory material. The sinus gland of T. schirnerae was positioned laterally between the externa and interna regions, composed of axonal endings of the neurosecretory cells of the optic ganglia with interspersed glial cells. The axon terminals were enclosed with several small to large membrane bound homogenously dense neurosecretory granules which also occur in the preterminal areas of the axons. Based on size, shape and density of granules and axoplasmic matrix, seven terminal types could be distinguished in the sinus gland of T. schirnerae. Mostly, the granules contained in a terminal were of the same type; rarely, the same terminal enclosed granules of varying size, shape and density. The neurosecretory cell types and axon terminal types represent the types of neurohormones they contained. A precise knowledge of the morphology and cytology of neurosecretory cells in the XO-SG complex of the eyestalk that secrete neurohormones controlling major physiological processes such as growth and reproduction is imperative for successful captive breeding of a species of aquaculture potential.
DESCOBRIR O AFETO: UMA PROPOSTA DE EDUCAÇÃO EMOCIONAL NA ESCOLA
Authors: Possebon Elisa Pereira Gonsalves , Possebon Fabricio
Published: January 2020

Este artigo apresenta os resultados da investigação sobre os impactos do programa de formação em educação emocional do Núcleo de Educação Emocional (NEEMOC-UFPB), realizado na rede municipal de ensino, na cidade de Queimadas-PB, Brasil. Elaborada a partir das percepções docentes, a pesquisa qualitativa de cunho fenomenológico produziu dados, mediante depoimento e questionário, e considerou como pressupostos teóricos os trabalhos de Mayer e Salovey (2012), Bisquerra (2000), Damásio (2017) e Possebon (2018), dentre outros.
Foram obtidos como resultados, a partir da percepção docente, um conjunto de evidências que indicam a potência da metodologia teórico-vivencial do curso de formação. Em síntese, a proposta da vivência emocional parece superar em eficiência as abordagens da inteligência emocional e da competência emocional.
MAPA CONCEITUAL COMO FERRAMENTA DE APRENDIZAGEM NO ENSINO SUPERIOR
Authors: Tolentino Machado Cristiane , Carvalho Ana Amélia
Published: January 2020

Os mapas conceituais têm vindo a ser aceitos como instrumentos efetivos para demonstrar os conteúdos aprendidos. Neste estudo, os mapas conceituais foram utilizados para auxiliar os estudantes universitários na interpretação de um artigo científico sendo criados com o apoio do software Cmap Tools ou Cmap Cloud. Além disso, foram avaliadas as percepções dos estudantes acerca da abordagem implementada. Os mapas conceituais foram em geral bem aceitos pelos estudantes como uma ferramenta útil para promover a sua aprendizagem e auxiliar na identificação das dificuldades. A maioria dos estudantes cumpriu com sucesso os quesitos avaliados nos mapas conceituais, apesar de indicarem alguma dificuldade na utilização do software. Perante as potencialidades dos mapas conceituais aliados às tecnologias digitais, deve-se incentivar a implementação de práticas que promovam a aprendizagem significativa e o desenvolvimento de habilidades inerentes ao contexto acadêmico.
O TRABALHO DE CAMPO EM GEOGRAFIA COMO INSTRUMENTO DE ENSINO: REVISITANDO A CAPITAL FEDERAL E SUAS TRANSFORMAÇÕES ESPACIAIS
Authors: Silva Jesiel Souza
Published: January 2020

O trabalho de campo em Geografia contribui para o aprimoramento das habilidades discentes com relação à leitura e interpretação de documentos e instrumentos geográficos e/ou cartográficos, como mapas e cartas, possibilitando aos alunos a oportunidade de aliar os conceitos teóricos à prática. O objetivo deste estudo é entender a importância do trabalho de campo para o ensino de geografia a partir das percepções discentes de um trabalho de campo realizado em Brasília/DF, com alunos do curso Técnico em Administração do Programa Nacional de Integração da Educação Básica com a Educação Profissional na Modalidade de Educação de Jovens e Adultos (PROEJA) do Instituto Federal Goiano, Campus Rio Verde. Os resultados do trabalho permitiram aos alunos entender a própria formação de Brasília, considerada uma cidade-parque, a partir de quatro escalas distintas: a) a bucólica; b) a monumental; c) a residencial; e d) a gregária.
INCLUSÃO NO ATENDIMENTO EDUCACIONAL ESPECIALIZADO NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA: UM ESTUDO DE CASO
Authors: Ziesmann Cleusa Inês , Guilherme Alexandre Anselmo
Published: January 2020

Este estudo tem como problemática principal compreender como os professores do município de Santa Rosa (RS), que trabalham nas salas de Atendimento Educacional Especializado (AEE) e nas salas do ensino regular, entendem e efetivam a inclusão no espaço escolar. Para o método emprega-se a pesquisa bibliográfica complementada pela pesquisa de campo nas modalidades qualitativa. A realização da coleta de dados aconteceu por meio de observações em duas escolas municipais que possuem o AEE e entrevistas semiestruturadas, envolvendo professores da sala de aula do ensino regular, educadoras do AEE e monitoras que auxiliam no processo de inclusão das crianças nessas escolas. A análise desse material foi embasada pelos pressupostos de Bardin (2011) com a Análise de Conteúdo. A vivência nesses espaços de compartilhamentos permitiu compreender que a inclusão é um processo que não pode ter práticas isoladas, mas que todos necessitam estar dispostos a irem na mesma direção ou em busca de um mesmo objetivo, e que os profissionais necessitam ter clareza das ações ainda recorrentes nesse processo.
Diversificação da Produção com Flores Tropicais: Qual o interesse dos agricultores familiares de Tangará da Serra-MT?
Authors: Costa dos Santos Josiane Silva , Grzebieluckas Cleci , Cunha de França Raimundo Nonato , Freire Rodrigues Francisco Xavier , Nunes Edineia Souza
Published: January 2020

O objetivo do estudo foi identificar o interesse dos agricultores familiares na diversificação das atividades agrícolas com o cultivo de flores tropicais no município de Tangará da Serra-MT. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza descritiva com abordagem quali-quantitativa. A amostra consistiu em 19 casais de agricultores. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi formulário semiestruturado, contendo perguntas abertas e fechadas. A aplicação da pesquisa ocorreu, por meio de visitas in loco realizadas nas propriedades rurais do município. Constatou-se que 94,74% das famílias conhecem as flores tropicais, entretanto, só conseguiram identificar por fotos ou uso do nome popular e que 73,68% já visualizaram espécies nativas na propriedade. Todavia, apesar de 52,63% demonstrarem interesse no cultivo de flores tropicais, como estratégia de diversificação de renda, também apresentaram muitas dúvidas em relação às formas de cultivo, investimento e comercialização, por se tratar de uma atividade pouco explorada no estado. Nesse sentido, a floricultura tropical carece de parcerias público-privadas para subsidiar o agricultor com assistência técnica especializada, linhas de crédito específicas e estruturação de canais de comercialização para escoamento da produção no contexto social da região.
O Mercado Convencional da Banana: sujeição da agricultura familiar no Vale do Ribeira-SP
Authors: Chiodi Rafael Eduardo , Almeida Gustavo Fonseca de , Assis Luiz Henrique Bambini de
Published: January 2020

Os municípios do Vale do Ribeira apresentam os menores índices de desenvolvimento humano do estado de São Paulo. A principal atividade produtiva do território, a bananicultura, tem efeito significativo no indicador que avalia a geração de renda nesses municípios. Nesse contexto, o artigo visa dar enfasê ao entendimento do chamado “mercado convencional da banana”, procurando demostrar como a atuação de agentes intermediários neste mercado impõe limites à geração de renda na agricultura familiar. Para tanto, foram entrevistados seis gestores de organizações de produtores e trinta e oito produtores de bananas dos municípios de Miracatu e Sete Barras. Identificou-se a presença de agentes intermediários individuais locais e de empresas atacadistas. As empresas atacadistas possuem poder econômico de influenciar e determinar os preços pagos ao produtor, que de um modo geral, é considerado baixo por restringir significativamente a rentabilidade dos agricultores entrevistados. Ainda, os intermediários locais estabeleciam formas de relação com os produtores que criavam outras desvantagens, destacadamente o calote. Conclui-se que a comercialização de bananas no mercado convencional por meio de agentes intermediários inibe possibilidades de desenvolvimento econômico destes agricultores e, por consequência, de todo o território do Vale do Ribeira dependente da comercialização dessas frutas.
Recife, City of People? A study based on the archeology of Foucault
Authors: Pires Duarte Raab , Almeida Maria Luciana De , Wanderley Lilian Soares Outtes
Published: January 2020

This article aims at analyzing the discourse involved in the city council program called “Recife, city of the people”, from Foucault's archeology of knowledge perspective. The corpus of this research consists of six videos available on the Facebook® page of the city council of Recife in 2014, when government agency released the slogan "Recife, Cidade das Pessoas”. The study is justified by the need of understanding how the political discourses are spread and how these discourses have no explicit assumptions. We believe that a better design of the influence of discourses, along with further clarification of social significance exercised by them, can contribute to a more democratic social life, which will be accessible to the entire population. For the present study, no theory was previously defined. The option for this construction enables the non-interference of external factors guiding the analyses. Data was analyzed without theoretical influences, so that the theoretical constructs emerged from the analysis rather than the reverse. However, the vision of authorship in relation to the concept of speech interferes with the analysis and serves as a theoretical lens through which data will be displayed. For results, two discursive formations were found: (1) the protection of the Government and (2) healthy lifestyles practices, with includes social, cultural and physical. This discursive formation is founded on the pillars of bio-politics and sustainability, quality of life and social change. It was noticed that the program has a goal it is to influence people's opinions about public spaces and mobility in a municipality.
As Percepções dos Atores Locais sobre o Biogás no Oeste do Paraná
Authors: Strassburg Udo , Oliveira Nilton Marques de , Rocha Junior Weimar Freire da
Published: January 2020

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar as percepções dos atores locais sobre o biogás no Oeste do Paraná. A análise foi feita pela técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC). O aporte teórico se sustenta nos conceitos de instituições e organizações. Os principais resultados da pesquisa sugerem que o sistema agroindustrial do biogás no Oeste do Paraná possui boas perspectivas na produção, transformação e comercialização do biogás. Foi observado que existem grandes desafios no biogás, como: falta de políticas públicas, o setor apresenta dispersão de união entre os produtores de biogás, poucos investimentos em tecnologia e baixos incentivos fiscais. O SAG do Biogás do Oeste do Paraná está apenas em seu início, mas tem um grande potencial para atuação nesta área, devido ao grande plantel de suínos que possui. Poderá ser um importante agente para a produção de energia renovável. O que está faltando são instituições fortes, articulação social e política, para que a economia deste setor possa estar forte e pujante, aproveitando os dejetos que possuem um grande potencial de poluição para transformar em energia renovável, contribuindo para a sustentabilidade energética de nosso país.
Historical Places and Identity of the Cities: Khuzam Palace Museum, Jeddah
Authors: Abouhassan Marwa
Published: January 2020

Place identity refers to a cluster of ideas about identity and place in the fields of geography, urban planning, urban design, landscape architecture, and environmental psychology. Place identity has become a significant issue in the last 25 years in urban planning and design. Place identity concerns the meaning and significance of places for their inhabitants and users, and how these meanings contribute to individuals' conceptualizations of self. Place identity also relates to the context of mogdernity, history, and the politics of representation (Proshansky et al., 1995).Jeddah went through dramatic changes in the last 70 years after demolishing the old city wall and oil booming, which affected the identity, traditions, and lifestyle (Shiber, 1967). In order to eliminate the lack of city identity and change the people's attachment to Jeddah's new urban development, this paper will take Khuzam Palace Museum as a case study to express the relationship between the past and present in the city. The paper will have an analytical review of urban memory, place identity, and place attachment elements. At the end, the paper will set some recommendations to consider using and respecting the community memories from the past that related physical elements and social interaction that have to express into new forms of place-making in the future development to increase the identity and the sense of belonging in Jeddah city.
Impact of rock alum pretreatment on biosand filter performance in Cambodia
Authors: Curry Kevin D. , Bloch Christopher P. , Hem Vantha
Published: January 2020

Alum is often recommended by WASH agencies as a pretreatment flocculent to improve filtration in biosand filters (BSFs) for communities using a turbid drinking water source. Floating villages on the Tonle Sap Lake in Cambodia using BSFs encounter severe declines in filtration rates while using alum, resulting in reduced use of the BSF. We tested the effect of rock alum treatment on flow rate and turbidity. The flow rate of all BSFs declined over time, but degradation of flow was more rapid for alum-treated water than untreated water. Rock alum treatments significantly reduced the turbidity of borrow pit source water. Filters switched to untreated river water decreased in turbidity to levels ≤ rock alum-treated river water. Rock alum treatments increased aluminum in source water 4–15 times, but filtration by BSFs decreased levels of aluminum to near 0.05 mg/L. Though rock alum effectively reduces turbidity in source water, we believe it continues its coagulation inside the BSF during pause periods, negatively impacting flow rates.
Gastronomi Temalı Festivaller Üzerine Yapılmış Çalışmaların Bibliyometrik Analizi
Authors: Aktaş Alan Aylin , Şen Özlem
Published: January 2020

Bu
çalışmada, bibliyometrik analiz yardımıyla etkinlik turizmi çerçevesinde gastronomik
etkinlik içerikli çalışmalara yönelik eğilim ve trendler belirlenmeye
çalışılmıştır. Bu amaçla Web of Science Core Collection veri tabanında 6 farklı
anahtar kelime ile 1975 yılından 2019    yılına
kadar taramalar yapılmıştır. Taramalar sonucunda elde edilen 420 makalenin
künye ve kaynakça bilgileri kullanılmıştır. Çalışmalar; yıllara göre yayın ve
atıf sayıları, kavram ve konu yönelimleri, ülke işbirliktelikleri ve ortak atıf
ağları açısından incelenmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, hem yayın hem de atıf
sayıları bağlamında alana olan ilginin 2008 yılından sonra çarpıcı bir şekilde
arttığı söylenebilir. ABD’nin ülke işbirlikteliklerinde kilit rol oynadığı, en
fazla atıf alan derginin Journal of Business Research, çalışmanın ise Lee,
Yong-Ki ve diğerlerine ait olan “Festivalscapes and Patrons' Emotions,
Satisfaction, and Loyalty” olduğu bulgulanmıştır. Ayrıca gastronomik etkinlik
temasının davranışsal niyet, motivasyon, turizm,
festival ve deneyim konuları ile güçlü bağları olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Etkinlik
alan tasarımı konusunun araştırılması gereken bir konu olduğu bulgulanmıştır.
Current Perspectives on Delivery Systems Using Extracellular Vesicles in Neurological Disease
Authors: Tran Phuong H.L. , Duan Wei , Lee Beom-Jin , Tran Thao T.D.
Published: January 2020

:

Extracellular vesicles have an excellent ability to transfer their contents to cells. Extracellular vesicles
can also be engineered to deliver therapeutic molecules to target cells. Although a number of studies have exploited
synthesized nanoparticles in the treatment of neurological disease in the past few years, extracellular vesicles
have been investigated and shown tremendous promise for clinical applications because they are safe and
have strong targeting specificity. Different types of extracellular vesicles have been studied and modified for
delivering therapeutic factors in neurological disease, including extracellular vesicles loaded with natural therapeutic
factors and therapeutic molecules. In this review, we discuss delivery systems using extracellular vesicles
containing molecules of interest and then focus on main strategies used for EV loading and surface modification.
Discussing these important issues will support and facilitate the design and development of promising techniques
and products for neurological therapy.
Blending of PLGA-PEG-PLGA for Improving the Erosion and Drug Release Profile of PCL Microspheres
Authors: Wang Siyuan , Feng Xiaobo , Liu Ping , Wei Youxiu , Xiao Baojun
Published: January 2020

Background:

PCL has a long history as an industrialized biomaterial for preparing microspheres,
but its hydrophobic property and slow degradation rate often cause drug degeneration, quite
slow drug release rate and undesirable tri-phasic release profile.

Materials and Methods:

In this study, we used the blending material of PLGA-PEG-PLGA and PCL
to prepare microspheres. The microspheres degradation and drug release behaviors were evaluated
through their molecular weight reduction rate, mass loss rate, morphology erosion and drug release
profile. The hydrophilic PLGA-PEG-PLGA is expected to improve the degradation and drug release
behaviors of PCL microspheres.

Results:

Microspheres in blending materials exhibited faster erosion rates than pure PCL microspheres,
forming holes much quickly on the particle’s surface for the drug to diffuse out. A higher proportion
of PLGA-PEG-PLGA caused faster degradation and erosion rates. The blending microspheres
showed much faster drug release rates than pure PCL microspheres.

Conclusion:

With blending of 25wt% PLGA-PEG-PLGA, the release rate of microspheres speeded up
significantly, while, with a further increase of PLGA-PEG-PLGA proportion (50%, 75%, 100%), it accelerated
a little. The microspheres with PCL/PLGA-PEG-PLGA of 1/1 exhibited a linear-like drug
release profile. The results could be a guideline for preparing microspheres based on blending materials
to obtain a desirable release.