bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of former food products in dairy buffalo nutrition: In vitro and in vivo evaluation
Authors: Neglia Gianluca , Calabrò Serena , Cotticelli Alessio , Salzano Angela , Matera Roberta , Vastolo Alessandro , D'Onofrio Nunzia , Giorgino Andrea , Martino Elisa , Balestrieri Maria L. , Campanile Giuseppe
Published: May 2023

A feeding strategy that maintains high content of functional molecules in buffalo milk has been verified by giving Sorghum vulgare as green fodder, but it is not available all year round. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of former food products (FFPs) containing 87% biscuit meal (nonstructural carbohydrate: 60.1%; starch 14.7; crude protein 10.6), in the diet of buffaloes in terms of: (a) fermentation characteristics through gas production technique; (b) milk yield (MY) and quality; (c) content of some biomolecules and total antioxidant activity. The experiment was performed involving 50 buffaloes divided into two groups: Green group and FFPs group (animals fed Total Mixed Ration with either green forage or FFPs respectively). Daily MY was recorded and milk qualitative analyses were determined monthly for 90 days. Furthermore, fermentation characteristics of the diets were studied in vitro. No significant differences were recorded in feed intake, BCS and MY and quality. Similar in vitro fermentation data of two diets were found, with slight differences in terms of gas production and degradability. During the incubation, kinetic parameters showed a faster fermentation process with the diet of the FFPs group in relation to Green group (p < 0.05). Green group had higher levels (p < 0.01) of γ‐butyrobetaine, glycine betaine, l‐carnitine and propionyl l‐carnitine in milk, whereas no differences were observed for δ‐valerobetaine and acetyl l‐carnitine. Total antioxidant capacity and iron reduction antioxidant assay were higher (p < 0.05) in the plasma and milk of the Green group. The administration of a diet high in simple sugars, obtained with FFPs, seems to favour the ruminal biosynthesis of some metabolites in milk, such as δ‐valerobetaine and acetyl‐
l‐carnitine, similar to green forage administration. Overall, the use of biscuit meal can be an alternative to green fodder when it is not available to ensure environmental sustainability and optimize costs without compromising milk quality.
The Who, What, and How of Wisdom: An Exploration in Karl Barth and his ‘Descendants’
Authors: McCracken Kyle
Published: May 2023

In light of recent interest among theologians in the category of wisdom, I offer my own reflection on the theme vis‐à‐vis the theology of Karl Barth, as well as two of his theological 'descendants' who have given a programmatic place to 'wisdom’ in their seminal projects: David Ford and David Kelsey. I structure this exploration according to three fundamental questions: 1. With whom is wisdom identified? 2. What is wisdom to those who have been exposed to its revelation? 3. How is this wisdom revealed to people? I show how Barth argues that a true account of wisdom depends on answering the first question first and doing so with key reference to scripture's witness to God's saving activity.
The D14‐SDEL1‐SPX4 cascade integrates the strigolactone and phosphate signalling networks in rice
Authors: Gu Pengyuan , Tao Wenqing , Tao Jinyuan , Sun Huwei , Hu Ripeng , Wang Daojian , Zong Guoxinan , Xie Xiaonan , Ruan Wenyuan , Xu Guohua , Yi Keke , Zhang Yali
Published: May 2023

Modern agriculture needs large quantities of phosphate (Pi) fertilisers to obtain high yields. Information on how plants sense and adapt to Pi is required to enhance phosphorus‐use efficiency (PUE) and thereby promote agricultural sustainability.

Here, we show that strigolactones (SLs) regulate rice root developmental and metabolic adaptations to low Pi, by promoting efficient Pi uptake and translocation from roots to shoots.

Low Pi stress triggers the synthesis of SLs, which dissociate the Pi central signalling module of SPX domain‐containing protein (SPX4) and PHOSPHATE STARVATION RESPONSE protein (PHR2), leading to the release of PHR2 into the nucleus and activating the expression of Pi‐starvation‐induced genes including Pi transporters. The SL synthetic analogue GR24 enhances the interaction between the SL receptor DWARF 14 (D14) and a RING‐finger ubiquitin E3 ligase (SDEL1). The sdel mutants have a reduced response to Pi starvation relative to wild‐type plants, leading to insensitive root adaptation to Pi. Also, SLs induce the degradation of SPX4 via forming the D14‐SDEL1‐SPX4 complex.

Our findings reveal a novel mechanism underlying crosstalk between the SL and Pi signalling networks in response to Pi fluctuations, which will enable breeding of high‐PUE crop plants.
The evolutionary responses of life‐history strategies to climatic variability in flowering plants
Authors: Boyko James D. , Hagen Eric R. , Beaulieu Jeremy M. , Vasconcelos Thais
Published: May 2023

The evolution of annual or perennial strategies in flowering plants likely depends on a broad array of temperature and precipitation variables. Previous documented climate life‐history correlations in explicit phylogenetic frameworks have been limited to certain clades and geographic regions.

To gain insights which generalize to multiple lineages we employ a multi‐clade approach analyzing 32 groups of angiosperms across eight climatic variables. We utilize a recently developed method that accounts for the joint evolution of continuous and discrete traits to evaluate two hypotheses: annuals tend to evolve in highly seasonal regions prone to extreme heat and drought; and annuals tend to have faster rates of climatic niche evolution than perennials.

We find that temperature, particularly highest temperature of the warmest month, is the most consistent climatic factor influencing the evolution of annual strategy in flowering plants. Unexpectedly, we do not find significant differences in rates of climatic niche evolution between perennial and annual lineages.

We propose that annuals are consistently favored in areas prone to extreme heat due to their ability to escape heat stress as seeds, but they tend to be outcompeted by perennials in regions where extreme heat is uncommon or nonexistent.
Integrating and coordinating programs for the management of anemia across the life course
Authors: Mildon Alison , Lopez de Romaña Daniel , Jefferds Maria Elena D. , Rogers Lisa M. , Golan Jenna M. , Arabi Mandana
Published: May 2023

Anemia is a major global public health concern with a complex etiology. The main determinants are nutritional factors, infection and inflammation, inherited blood disorders, and women's reproductive biology, but the relative role of each varies between settings. Effective anemia programming, therefore, requires evidence‐based, data‐driven, contextualized multisectoral strategies, with coordinated implementation. Priority population groups are preschool children, adolescent girls, and pregnant and nonpregnant women of reproductive age. Opportunities for comprehensive anemia programming include: (i) bundling interventions through shared delivery platforms, including antenatal care, community‐based platforms, schools, and workplaces; (ii) integrating delivery platforms to extend reach; (iii) integrating anemia and malaria programs in endemic areas; and (iv) integrating anemia programming across the life course. Major barriers to effective anemia programming include weak delivery systems, lack of data or poor use of data, lack of financial and human resources, and poor coordination. Systems strengthening and implementation research approaches are needed to address critical gaps, explore promising platforms, and identify solutions to persistent barriers to high intervention coverage. Immediate priorities are to close the gap between access to service delivery platforms and coverage of anemia interventions, reduce subnational coverage disparities, and improve the collection and use of data to inform anemia strategies and programming.
Pacinian corpuscle hyperplasia in a 6‐year‐old girl
Authors: Kim Jin Seop , Kim Kyu Yeon , Lee Ga‐Young , Choi Young‐Jun
Published: May 2023

We present a rare case of Pacinian corpuscle hyperplasia (PCH) presenting with typical finger pain in a 6‐year‐old girl. As appendages in children are smaller than those in adults, diagnostic criteria are needed for pathological confirmation of PCH in pediatric patients.
Association between the initiation of insurance coverage for fetal echocardiography and mortality from congenital heart disease in infants: An interrupted time series analysis
Authors: Ishii Taku , Nawa Nobutoshi , Doi Shozaburo , Morio Tomohiro , Fujiwara Takeo
Published: May 2023

Background

The effectiveness of fetal echocardiography in reducing the mortality from congenital heart disease (CHD) is largely unknown.

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate whether the widespread use of fetal echocardiography owing to the initiation of insurance coverage in Japan was associated with a decreasing trend in the annual number of CHD‐related deaths.

Methods

Data regarding the number of deaths from CHD in infants aged <12 months were extracted from Japanese demographic statistics (2000–2018). Segmented regression analysis was performed on the interrupted time series data by stratifying the sample into CHD subgroups based on ICD‐10 classification and sex.

Results

After the initiation of insurance coverage for fetal echocardiography in 2010, a decrease was observed in the trends of annual deaths in patients with congenital malformations of aortic and mitral valves (ratio of trends before and after the initiation of insurance coverage for fetal echocardiography 0.96, 95% confidence interval 0.93, 0.99). In this group, the decrease persisted after adjusting for annual total infant deaths and cardiac surgery mortality and in the analysis of trends in the proportion of deaths in this group per total CHD deaths. However, a decrease in trends was not observed in other patient groups with CHD. In the sex‐stratified analysis, a decrease was noted only in male patients with congenital malformations of aortic and mitral valves.

Conclusions

The nationwide trend in annual CHD deaths decreased after the initiation of insurance coverage for fetal echocardiography only among patients with congenital malformation of aortic and mitral valves. These findings suggest that prenatal diagnosis with fetal echocardiography has led to improved mortality outcomes among these patients in Japan.
Does deception involve more cognitive control than truth‐telling? Meta‐analyses of N2 and MFN ERP studies
Authors: Sai Liyang , Cheng Jiayu , Shang Siyuan , Fu Genyue , Verschuere Bruno
Published: May 2023

A number of psychological theories propose that deception involves more cognitive control than truth‐telling. Over the last decades, event‐related potentials (ERPs) have been used to unravel this question, but the findings are mixed. To address this controversy, two meta‐analyses were conducted to quantify the results of existing studies reporting N2 or medial frontal negativity (MFN) associated with deception. In total, 32 papers consisting of 1091 participants were included, which yielded 32 effect sizes for N2 and 7 effect sizes for MFN. We found that deception was associated with a more negative N2 and MFN than truth‐telling with medium and large effect sizes (r = .25 and .51, respectively). We also found that the deception paradigm modulated the results (p = .043), but found no evidence for publication bias. Our findings indicate that deception involves more cognitive control than truth‐telling. Our review also identifies gaps in this literature, including a need for more ERP studies using spontaneous deception.
Contextual valence influences the neural dynamics of time and magnitude representation during feedback evaluation
Authors: Zheng Ya , Shi Puyu , Deng Leyou , Jiang Huiping , Zhou Shiyu
Published: May 2023

Contextual valence is an important dimension during value‐based decision‐making. Previous research has revealed behavioral and neural asymmetries between the gain context and the loss context. The present event‐related potential study investigated the effects of contextual valence on neural dynamics underlying magnitude and time, two important reward dimensions, during feedback evaluation. Forty‐two participants performed a simple guessing task in which they experienced both a gain context wherein high or low rewards were delivered immediately or six months later, and a loss context wherein high or low losses were delivered in the same way. Results showed that in the gain context, time and magnitude information were processed in a parallel way during the time windows of the reward positivity (RewP) and the P3. In the loss context, however, time and magnitude information were processed in a serial way such that time information was encoded during the RewP and P3 periods, whereas magnitude information was not tracked until the time window of the late positive potential. Our findings suggest that the neural dynamics underlying time and magnitude information are distinct between the gain and loss contexts, thus providing a novel perspective for the well‐known gain–loss asymmetry.
Boosting radical innovativeness through start‐up acquisitions: the role of decision autonomy and structural integration
Authors: Greven Andrea , Fischer‐Kreer Denise , Bendig David , Pöhler Stefan , Brettel Malte
Published: May 2023

Since start‐ups often own cutting‐edge technology and knowledge, acquiring a start‐up can provide buyers with a unique opportunity to boost their radical innovativeness. As a result, start‐up acquisitions have increasingly gained importance. Acquirers, however, face difficult decisions on target autonomy and integration, which often constitute a dilemma. We analyzed survey data from 118 M&A and integration managers in charge of corporate start‐up acquisitions. Our results show that a start‐up's decision‐making autonomy supports acquirer's radical innovativeness. The structural integration of the target reinforces the positive effect of decision autonomy. Our work with the focus on post‐merger integration and the start‐up context contributes to M&A literature in several ways. We uncover a hybrid integration approach, showing that a combination of high target decision autonomy and the full absorption (i.e., structural integration) of the start‐up by the acquiring organization is most beneficial for acquirer's radical innovativeness.
When necessity meets opportunity: the role of service‐learning projects to complement training, community engagement and knowledge transfer in restoration
Authors: Souza‐Alonso Pablo , García‐Romero David , Lorenzo Moledo Mar , Merino Agustín
Published: May 2023

Ecological restoration (ER) represents a key strategy for ecosystem recovery and society development. ER is attracting global interest and restoration opportunities will increase in upcoming decades, but it requires restorers, the participation of relevant stakeholders, and a better adaptation to societal needs. Service‐learning (S‐L), an educational methodology based on community projects, represents a way to extend the range of action of ER and to involve society, especially younger generations. We describe S‐L for the learning/training of students in environmental issues presenting initiatives that, using S‐L to develop collaborative projects, have been carrying out activities related to fire prevention or post‐fire restoration. S‐L projects provide a context for the training of future professionals and generate a working‐collaborative environment favoring the active participation of society in environmental actions. Indirectly, S‐L projects can increase knowledge transfer and inculcate the necessity for protection and conservation, improving the capacity, involvement, and commitment of society to ER.
Outlier detection based on extreme value theory and applications
Authors: Bhattacharya Shrijita , Kamper Francois , Beirlant Jan
Published: May 2023

Whether an extreme observation is an outlier or not depends strongly on the corresponding tail behavior of the underlying distribution. We develop an automatic, data‐driven method rooted in the mathematical theory of extremes to identify observations that deviate from the intermediate and central characteristics. The proposed algorithm is an extension of a method previously proposed in the literature for the specific case of heavy tailed Pareto‐type distributions to all max‐domains of attraction. We propose some applications such as a tail‐adjusted boxplot which yields a more accurate representation of possible outliers, and the identification of outliers in a multivariate context through an analysis of associated random variables such as local outlier factors. Several examples and simulation results illustrate the finite sample behavior of the algorithm and its applications.
Effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on psychological flexibility, fatigue, sleep disturbance, and quality of life of patients with cancer: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Zhang Yalin , Ding Yuxin , Chen Xiaoli , Li Yunhuan , Li Juejin , Hu Xiaolin
Published: May 2023

Background

Current studies have revealed that acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) can alleviate the adverse effects of cancer; however, its effectiveness on the psychological flexibility, fatigue, sleep disturbance, and quality of life of patients with cancer remains unclear.

Aims

The aims of this study were to identify the effectiveness of ACT on psychological flexibility, fatigue, sleep disturbance, and quality of life of patients with cancer, and to explore moderators.

Methods

PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CENTRAL, PsycINFO, CINAHL, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang electronic databases were searched from inception to September 29, 2022. The Cochrane Collaboration's risk‐of‐bias assessment tool II and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach were used to evaluate evidence certainty. The data were analyzed using R Studio. The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022361185).

Results

The study included 19 relevant studies (1643 patients) published between 2012 and 2022. The pooled results showed that ACT significantly improved psychological flexibility (mean difference [MD] = −4.22, 95% CI [−7.86, −0.58], p = .02) and quality of life (Hedges' g = 0.94, 95% CI [0.59, 1.29], Z = 5.31, p < .01) but did not significantly improve fatigue (Hedges' g = −0.03, 95% CI [−0.24, 0.18], p = .75) or sleep disturbance (Hedges' g = −0.26, 95% CI [−0.82, 0.30], p = .37) in patients with cancer. Additional analyses revealed a 3‐month sustainable effect on psychological flexibility (MD = −4.36, 95% CI [−8.67, −0.05], p < .05), and moderation analysis showed that intervention duration (β = −1.39, p < .01) and age (β = 0.15, p = .04) moderated the effects of ACT on psychological flexibility and sleep disturbance, respectively.

Linking Evidence to Action

Acceptance and commitment therapy demonstrates effectiveness for psychological flexibility and quality of life of patients with cancer, but there is a lack of evidence regarding its effects on fatigue and sleep disturbance. In clinical practice, ACT should be designed in more detail and rounded to achieve better results.
Microscopic insights to spin transport–driven ultrafast magnetization dynamics in a Gd/Fe bilayer
Authors: Liu Bo , Xiao Huijuan , Weinelt Martin
Published: May 2023

Laser-induced spin transport is a key ingredient in ultrafast spin dynamics. However, it remains debated to what extent ultrafast magnetization dynamics generates spin currents and vice versa. We use time- and spin-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to study an antiferromagnetically coupled Gd/Fe bilayer, a prototype system for all-optical switching. Spin transport leads to an ultrafast drop of the spin polarization at the Gd surface, demonstrating angular-momentum transfer over several nanometers. Thereby, Fe acts as spin filter, absorbing spin majority but reflecting spin minority electrons. Spin transport from Gd to Fe was corroborated by an ultrafast increase of the Fe spin polarization in a reversed Fe/Gd bilayer. In contrast, for a pure Gd film, spin transport into the tungsten substrate can be neglected, as spin polarization stays constant. Our results suggest that ultrafast spin transport drives the magnetization dynamics in Gd/Fe and reveal microscopic insights into ultrafast spin dynamics.
A bending rigidity parameter for stress granule condensates
Authors: Law Jack O. , Jones Carl M. , Stevenson Thomas , Williamson Thomas A. , Turner Matthew S. , Kusumaatmaja Halim , Grellscheid Sushma N.
Published: May 2023

Interfacial tension plays an important role in governing the dynamics of droplet coalescence and determining how condensates interact with and deform lipid membranes and biological filaments. We demonstrate that an interfacial tension-only model is inadequate for describing stress granules in live cells. Harnessing a high-throughput flicker spectroscopy pipeline to analyze the shape fluctuations of tens of thousands of stress granules, we find that the measured fluctuation spectra require an additional contribution, which we attribute to elastic bending deformation. We also show that stress granules have an irregular, nonspherical base shape. These results suggest that stress granules are viscoelastic droplets with a structured interface, rather than simple Newtonian liquids. Furthermore, we observe that the measured interfacial tensions and bending rigidities span a range of several orders of magnitude. Hence, different types of stress granules (and more generally, other biomolecular condensates) can only be differentiated via large-scale surveys.
EV-D68 virus-like particle vaccines elicit cross-clade neutralizing antibodies that inhibit infection and block dissemination
Authors: Krug Peter W. , Wang Lingshu , Shi Wei , Kong Wing-Pui , Moss Daniel L. , Yang Eun Sung , Fisher Brian E. , Morabito Kaitlyn M. , Mascola John R. , Kanekiyo Masaru , Graham Barney S. , Ruckwardt Tracy J.
Published: May 2023

Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) causes severe respiratory illness in children and can result in a debilitating paralytic disease known as acute flaccid myelitis. No treatment or vaccine for EV-D68 infection is available. Here, we demonstrate that virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines elicit a protective neutralizing antibody against homologous and heterologous EV-D68 subclades. VLP based on a B1 subclade 2014 outbreak strain elicited comparable B1 EV-D68 neutralizing activity as an inactivated viral particle vaccine in mice. Both immunogens elicited weaker cross-neutralization against heterologous viruses. A B3 VLP vaccine elicited more robust neutralization of B3 subclade viruses with improved cross-neutralization. A balanced CD4
+
T helper response was achieved using a carbomer-based adjuvant, Adjuplex. Nonhuman primates immunized with this B3 VLP Adjuplex formulation generated robust neutralizing antibodies against homologous and heterologous subclade viruses. Our results suggest that both vaccine strain and adjuvant selection are critical elements for improving the breadth of protective immunity against EV-D68.
Autonomous, untethered gait-like synchronization of lobed loops made from liquid crystal elastomer fibers via spontaneous snap-through
Authors: Kim Dae Seok , Lee Young-Joo , Kim Young Been , Wang Yuchen , Yang Shu
Published: May 2023

The transition from one equilibrium state to another via rapid snap-through can store elastic energy and release it as kinetic energy for rapid motion as seen in Venus flytrap and hummingbird to catch insects mid-flight. They are explored in soft robotics for repeated and autonomous motions. In this study, we synthesize curved liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) fibers as the building blocks that can undergo buckling instability upon heated on a hot surface, leading to autonomous snap-through and rolling behaviors. When they are connected into lobed loops, where each fiber is geometrically constrained by the neighboring ones, they demonstrate autonomous, self-regulated, and repeated synchronization with a frequency of ~1.8 Hz. By adding a rigid bead on the fiber, we can fine-tune the actuation direction and speed (up to ~2.4 mm/s). Last, we demonstrate various gait-like locomotion patterns using the loops as the robot’s legs.
Recent Progress in Research on Mitochondrion-Targeted Antifungal Drugs: a Review
Authors: Qin Yulin , Wang Jinxin , Lv Quanzhen , Han Bing
Published: May 2023

Fungal infections, which commonly occur in immunocompromised patients, can cause high morbidity and mortality. Antifungal agents act by disrupting the cell membrane, inhibiting nucleic acid synthesis and function, or inhibiting β-1,3-glucan synthase.
CsbD, a Novel Group B Streptococcal Stress Response Factor That Contributes to Bacterial Resistance against Environmental Bile Salts
Authors: Jia Lu , Yuan Chen , Pan Fei , Zhou Xiaorui , Fan Hongjie , Ma Zhe
Published: May 2023

GBS, a conditional pathogenetic colonizer of the human intestinal flora, can cause severe infectious diseases in immunocompromised patients. Therefore, it is critical to understand the factors that contribute to the resistance to bile salts, which are abundant in the intestine but harmful to bacteria.
The Heat Shock Transcription Factor HsfA Plays a Role in Membrane Lipids Biosynthesis Connecting Thermotolerance and Unsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism in Aspergillus fumigatus
Authors: Fabri João Henrique Tadini Marilhano , Rocha Marina Campos , Fernandes Caroline Mota , Campanella Jonatas Erick Maimoni , Cunha Anderson Ferreira da , Del Poeta Maurizio , Malavazi Iran
Published: May 2023

Aspergillus fumigatus
causes invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, a life-threatening infection accounting for high mortality rates in immunocompromised patients. The ability of this organism to grow at elevated temperatures is long recognized as an essential attribute for this mold to cause disease.
A. fumigatus
responds to heat stress by activating heat shock transcription factors and chaperones to orchestrate cellular responses that protect the fungus against damage caused by heat.
Comparison of the Eulerian and Lagrangian Approaches to Studying the Peculiarities of the Interstellar Dust Distribution in the Heliosphere in the Framework of the Cold Gas Model
Authors: Godenko E. A. , Izmodenov V. V.
Published: May 2023

Interstellar dust grains penetrate into the heliosphere (region in which the solar wind propagates) due to the relative motion of the Sun and the Local Interstellar Medium (LISM). Inside the heliosphere, the motion of dust particles is mainly governed by the electromagnetic force determined by the heliospheric magnetic field. Under the action of this force, the trajectories of dust grains experience intersections with each other and self-intersections. As a result, dust density accumulation regions appear. These regions are of a great interest in the context of theoretical studying and planning of upcoming space missions. The main aim of the present study is to model the interstellar dust distribution in the heliosphere and investigate the peculiarities of the number density distribution. To describe the dusty component, the cold gas model is used, while to compute the interstellar dust distribution two approaches are considered, namely, the Eulerian and Lagrangian approaches. For solving the continuity equation in the Lagrangian coordinates, the full Lagrangian method or the Osiptsov method is used. As a result, all the peculiarities of the dust distribution are investigated and it is found that they are located on caustics, i.e., the envelopes of interstellar dust trajectories. Besides it, the regular regions of overdensity (without singularities in the number density) are discovered. It is shown that the dust component accumulation regions are located in a small neighborhood of the heliospheric current sheet, at which the magnetic field changes its polarity, and in the tail of the heliosphere. The effectiveness of the Osiptsov method of solving the continuity equation is compared with the widely used Monte Carlo method (Eulerian approach). It is shown that Monte Carlo method requires extremely high resolution of computational grid to reach the level of accuracy comparable with the Osiptsov method.
Synthesis and Properties of Polyurea Greases Based on Silicone Fluids and Poly-α-olefin Oils
Authors: Lyadov A. S. , Kochubeev A. A. , Parenago O. P.
Published: May 2023

The paper describes an investigation of lubricants synthesized by thickening a dispersion medium consisting of silicone oil (PES-5) and poly-α-olefin oil (PAOM-12) with diureas of different compositions. The study revealed the effects of the compositions both of the dispersion medium and urea thickener, as well as their ratio in the lubricating formulation, on the major physicochemical properties of resultant greases. Increasing the content of the hydrocarbon component of the grease was shown to improve the physicochemical properties. Finally, the optimum grease composition was identified: introducing a polyurea thickener that contained diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate resulted in the synthesis of greases that had adequate operating characteristics and an improved wear performance.
Dasatinib-associated follicular lymphoma in a patient with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Authors: Zhou Katherine Ismei , Lin Chenyu , Neff Jadee Lee , Galal Ahmed
Published: May 2023

The tyrosine kinase inhibitor dasatinib is approved for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukaemia and Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). Patients on dasatinib can rarely develop a form of benign reversible reactive lymphadenopathy termed follicular lymphoid hyperplasia (FLH). Here, we describe a patient with Ph+ ALL who developed follicular lymphoma (FL) after prolonged treatment with dasatinib and who had complete remission of FL after discontinuation of dasatinib. This case suggests that dasatinib-associated FLH could be a premalignant condition that can transform into FL. Moreover, withdrawal of dasatinib may be sufficient for remission of dasatinib-associated FL.
Coping strategies of the incarcerated during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review protocol of quantitative and qualitative evidence
Authors: Tsabedze Wandile Fundo , Fourie Eduard , Mhlanga Samantha
Published: May 2023

Introduction

To reduce the transmission of COVID-19, regulations included the use of cloth masks, sanitising regularly, maintaining social distance and having minimal personal contact. COVID-19 affected many different groups of people including service providers and users of correctional centres. In this protocol, we aim to establish evidence on the challenges and coping strategies adopted by the incarcerated and service providers of the incarcerated during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods and analysis

In this scoping review, we will use the Arksey and O’Malley framework. We will consult PubMed, PsycInfo, SAGE, JSTOR, African Journals and Google Scholar as our databases to search for evidence, and run a continuous search of articles from June 2022 until we conduct an analysis to ensure that our search results are updated. Two reviewers will independently screen the titles, abstracts and full texts for inclusion. All results will be compiled, and duplicates will be removed. Discrepancies and conflicts will be discussed with the third reviewer. All articles that meet the full-text criteria will be included for data extraction. Results will be reported in line with the review objectives and the Donabedian conceptual framework.

Dissemination

Ethical approval of the study will not be applicable in this scoping review. Our findings will be disseminated in different ways, such as publishing in peer-reviewed journals and to other key correctional system stakeholders, as well as submitting a policy brief for prison decision makers and policy makers.
Cohort profile: POPPY II – a population-based cohort examining the patterns and outcomes of prescription opioid use in New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Gisev Natasa , Pearson Sallie-Anne , Dobbins Timothy , Buizen Luke , Murphy Thomas , Wilson Andrew , Blyth Fiona , Dunlop Adrian , Larney Sarah , Currow David C , Mattick Richard P , Degenhardt Louisa
Published: May 2023

Purpose

The POPPY II cohort is an Australian state-based cohort linking data for a population of individuals prescribed opioid medicines, constructed to allow a robust examination of the long-term patterns and outcomes of prescription opioid use.

Participants

The cohort includes 3 569 433 adult New South Wales residents who initiated a subsidised prescription opioid medicine between 2003 and 2018, identified through pharmacy dispensing data (Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme) and linked to 10 national and state datasets and registries including rich sociodemographic and medical services data.

Findings to date

Of the 3.57 million individuals included in the cohort, 52.7% were female and 1 in 4 people were aged ≥65 years at the time of cohort entry. Approximately 6% had evidence of cancer in the year prior to cohort entry. In the 3 months prior to cohort entry, 26.9% used a non-opioid analgesic and 20.5% used a psychotropic medicine. Overall, 1 in 5 individuals were initiated on a strong opioid (20.9%). The most commonly initiated opioid was paracetamol/codeine (61.3%), followed by oxycodone (16.3%).

Future plans

The POPPY II cohort will be updated periodically, both extending the follow-up duration of the existing cohort, and including new individuals initiating opioids. The POPPY II cohort will allow a range of aspects of opioid utilisation to be studied, including long-term trajectories of opioid use, development of a data-informed method to assess time-varying opioid exposure, and a range of outcomes including mortality, transition to opioid dependence, suicide and falls. The duration of the study period will allow examination of population-level impacts of changes to opioid monitoring and access, while the size of the cohort will also allow examination of important subpopulations such as people with cancer, musculoskeletal conditions or opioid use disorder.
Pulmonary function and structure abnormalities in children and young adults with osteogenesis imperfecta point to intrinsic and extrinsic lung abnormalities
Authors: Gochuico Bernadette R , Hossain Mahin , Talvacchio Sara K , Zuo Mei Xing G , Barton Mark , Dang Do An Ngoc , Marini Joan C
Published: May 2023

Purpose

Pulmonary disease is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). We investigated the contribution of intrinsic lung factors to impaired pulmonary function in children and young adults with OI types III, IV, VI.

Methods

Patients with type III (n=8), IV (n=21), VI (n=5), VII (n=2) or XIV (n=1) OI (mean age 23.6 years) prospectively underwent pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and thoracic CT and radiographs.

Results

PFT results were similar using arm span or ulnar length as height surrogates. PFTs were significantly lower in type III than type IV or VI OI. All patients with type III and half of type IV OI had lung restriction; 90% of patients with OI had reduced gas exchange. Patients withCOL1A1variants had significantly lower forced expiratory flow (FEF)25%–75% compared with those withCOL1A2variants. PFTs correlated negatively with Cobb angle or age. CT scans revealed small airways bronchial thickening (100%, 86%, 100%), atelectasis (88%, 43%, 40%), reticulations (50%, 29%, 20%), ground glass opacities (75%, 5%, 0%), pleural thickening (63%, 48%, 20%) or emphysema (13%, 19%, 20%) in type III, IV or VI OI, respectively.

Conclusion

Both lung intrinsic and extrinsic skeletal abnormalities contribute to OI pulmonary dysfunction. Most young adult patients have restrictive disease and abnormal gas exchange; impairment is greater in type III than type IV OI. Decreased FEF25%–75% and thickening of small bronchi walls indicate a critical role for small airways. Lung parenchymal abnormalities (atelectasis, reticulations) and pleural thickening were also detected. Clinical interventions to mitigate these impairments are warranted.

Trial registration number

NCT03575221.
Rescue stenting after failure of endovascular thrombectomy for acute vertebrobasilar artery occlusion: data from the PERSIST registry
Authors: Lu Yanan , Wu Zongyi , Wang Zi , Zhang Pan , Zhang Feng , Hu Miaomiao , Lan Wenya , Liang Yong , Yi Jilong , Sun Wen
Published: May 2023

Background

Among acute vertebrobasilar artery occlusion (VBAO) patients, successful reperfusion is a strong predictor of favorable outcomes. However, failed reperfusion (FR) with endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in VBAO was observed to occur in 18–50% of cases. We aim to evaluate the safety and efficacy of rescue stenting (RS) for VBAO after failed EVT.

Methods

Patients with VBAO who received EVT were enrolled retrospectively. Propensity score matching was performed as the primary analysis to compare the outcomes between patients with RS and FR. Furthermore, a comparison between using the self-expanding stent (SES) and balloon-mounted stent (BMS) in the RS group was also conducted. The primary and secondary outcomes were defined as a 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score 0–3, and a 90-day mRS score 0–2, respectively. Safety outcomes included all-cause mortality at 90 days and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH).

Results

The RS group showed a significantly higher rate of 90-day mRS score 0–3 (46.6% vs 20.7%; adjusted OR (aOR) 5.06, 95% CI 1.88 to 13.59, P=0.001) and a lower rate of 90-day mortality (34.5% vs 55.2%; aOR 0.42, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.90, P=0.026) than the FR group. The rates of 90-day mRS score 0–2 and sICH were not significantly different between the RS group and FR group. There were no differences in all outcomes between SES and BMS groups.

Conclusions

RS appeared to be a safe and effective rescue approach in patients with VBAO who failed EVT, and there was no difference between using SES and BMS.
The immunologic phenotype of thrombi is associated with future vascular events after cerebral infarction
Authors: Yang Wookjin , Hong Soon Auck , Kim Jeong-Min , Jeong Hae-Bong , Nam Taek-Kyun , Choi Hyun Ho , Kim Suh Min , Park Kwang-Yeol , Kim Hye Ryoun
Published: May 2023

Background

Thrombi retrieved from patients with acute ischemic stroke may contain prognostic information.

Objective

To investigate the relationship between the immunologic phenotype of thrombi and future vascular events in patients with a stroke.

Methods

This study included patients with acute ischemic stroke who underwent endovascular thrombectomy at Chung-Ang University Hospital in Seoul, Korea, between February 2017 and January 2020. Laboratory and histological variables were compared between patients with and without recurrent vascular events (RVEs). Kaplan–Meier analysis followed by the Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify factors related to RVE. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was conducted to evaluate the performance of the immunologic score by combining immunohistochemical phenotypes to predict RVE.

Results

A total of 46 patients were included in the study with 13 RVEs (mean±SD age, 72.8±11.3 years; 26 (56.5%) men). Thrombi with a lower percentage of programmed death ligand-1 expression (HR=11.64; 95% CI 1.60 to 84.82) and a higher number of citrullinated histone H3 positive cells (HR=4.19; 95% CI 0.81 to 21.75) were associated with RVE. The presence of high-mobility group box 1 positive cell was associated with reduced risk of RVE, but the association was lost after adjustment for stroke severity. The immunologic score, which consists of the three immunohistochemical phenotypes, showed good performance in predicting RVE (area under the ROC curve, 0.858; 95% CI 0.758 to 0.958).

Conclusions

The immunological phenotype of thrombi could provide prognostic information after stroke.
Effective clinical nursing leadership in hospitals: barriers from the perspectives of nurse managers
Authors: Algunmeeyn Abdullah , Mrayyan Majd T , Suliman Wafika A , Abunab Hamzeh Y , Al-Rjoub Saleem
Published: May 2023

Aim

The purpose of this study was to identify barriers to effective clinical nursing leadership in Jordanian hospitals from the perspectives of nurse managers (NMs).

Background

Clinical leadership is about expertise in specialised fields and involving professionals in clinical care. Even though leadership terminology has been used in nursing and healthcare business literature, clinical leadership is still misunderstood, including its barriers.

Method

This study adopted a qualitative narrative approach and recruited a purposive sample of 19 NMs and two associate executive directors of nursing from two hospitals. Data were collected through two focus group discussions and in-depth interviews and were analysed using content analysis. The study was guided by the ‘Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research’.

Result

Four themes emerged regarding barriers to effective clinical nursing leadership: (1) power differential, (2) inconsistent connectedness with physicians, (3) lack of early socialisation experiences and (4) clinical practice reform is a mutual responsibility.

Conclusion and relevance to clinical practice

Barriers are detrimental to effective clinical leadership; they are associated with interdisciplinary and professional socialisation factors. Managers and academicians at all levels should immediately consider these barriers as a priority. Innovative clinical leaders should identify barriers to effective clinical leadership at the early stages. Thus, innovative clinical leadership programmes are warranted.
On the Notion of Emotional Truth
Authors: Schumann Andrew , Schang Fabien
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we propose an explication of the notion of emotional (pragmatic) truth due to defining performative propositions on non-Archimedean models [Formula: see text]. In these models, it is possible to fix an appropriate behavioral scenario for each atomic performative proposition. Meanwhile, each performative proposition [Formula: see text] has an appropriate form of cognitive bias [Formula: see text] changing the meaning of [Formula: see text], but this bias is the result or foundation for interaction with the outside world. Therefore, instead of the usual domain [Formula: see text] of realization of atomic informative propositions [Formula: see text], which can be finite, we always have an infinite domain [Formula: see text] of realization of performative propositions [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is an informative proposition, distorted by some kind of cognitive biases [Formula: see text]. This semantics allows us to shift the focus from artificial intelligence (AI) to emotional artificial intelligence (EAI).
Second-Order Optimality Conditions and Duality for Multiobjective Semi-Infinite Programming Problems on Hadamard Manifolds
Authors: Upadhyay Balendu Bhooshan , Ghosh Arnav , Stancu-Minasian I. M.
Published: May 2023

This paper is devoted to the study of multiobjective semi-infinite programming problems on Hadamard manifolds. We consider a class of multiobjective semi-infinite programming problems (abbreviated as MSIP) on Hadamard manifolds. We use the concepts of second-order Karush–Kuhn–Tucker stationary point and second-order Karush–Kuhn–Tucker geodesic pseudoconvexity of the considered problem to derive necessary and sufficient second-order conditions of efficiency, weak efficiency and proper efficiency for MSIP along with certain generalized geodesic convexity assumptions. Moreover, we formulate the second-order Mond–Weir-type dual problem related to MSIP and deduce weak and strong duality theorems relating MSIP and the dual problem. The significance of our results is demonstrated with the help of non-trivial examples. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that second-order optimality conditions for MSIP have been studied in Hadamard manifold setting.
Effect of Ni and Zn substitution on the physical and electrical properties of NdBaSrCu3O7−δ high temperature superconductor
Authors: Loh Shin King , Chuah Suan Cheng , Tran Hanh Thi Thu , Abd-Shukor Roslan , Chong Tet Vui
Published: May 2023

Polycrystalline NdBaSrCu[Formula: see text]MxO[Formula: see text] samples ([Formula: see text] or Zn for [Formula: see text]) were prepared via solid-state reaction and examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), AC susceptibility and electrical resistance (dc) measurements. This study is focused on the effect of magnetic and non-magnetic particles substitution on the superconductivity of this tetragonal NdBaSrCu3O[Formula: see text] sample. There is no significant dependence of doping concentration for the changes of a-, b-lattice parameter but c-lattice parameter increased with both Ni and Zn substituted samples contrary to the ionic size considerations of the dopants. Results showed decrease of the critical temperature, [Formula: see text] and critical current density [Formula: see text] with increase of both doping contents. [Formula: see text] is the peak temperature of the imaginary part of the complex AC susceptibility, [Formula: see text]. Decrease of [Formula: see text] is related to the disruption of spin correlation of the CuO2 planes. Both doping only affect the [Formula: see text] without changing the transition width. The results showed that both Ni and Zn substitutions alter the quantity of spin-singlet pairs but have no effect on the size of the spin gap in the ladder. However, Zn doping more clearly lowered the [Formula: see text] than Ni doping. It is proposed that Zn, a non-magnetic dopant, caused a greater induction of unpaired charge carriers.
SSA-SVR-Based Prediction Model of Charging Load for Electric Vehicles
Authors: Li Yingying , Dong Jian , Lu Xinyi , Yuan Jiahui , Wang Haixin , Yang Junyou , Hu Shiyan
Published: May 2023

The reliable and secure operation of power grids can be efficiently supported by the charging load prediction of electric vehicles (EVs). To address the problem of insufficient accuracy of existing charging load prediction models, a technique for predicting charging load for EVs using the sparrow search algorithm-support vector regression (SSA-SVR) is proposed. First, the daily travel patterns of space and time of EV users are analyzed. Therefore, EV charging load data is obtained by Monte Carlo simulation. Finally, a support vector regression (SVR)-based model for predicting EV charging load is established and the sparrow search algorithm (SSA) is further used to find the optimal kernel function factor and penalty factor of SVR to achieve the optimized prediction effect. The simulation experiments show that, compared with the backpropagation (BP) neural network, SVR methods and PSO-SVR methods, the proposed prediction model can enhance the prediction accuracy of the charging load of EVs.