bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment of patients with knee osteoarthritis with hyaluronate sodium (Revisk) in clinical practice
Authors: Shostak Michail S. , Leineman Iana A. , Trofimov Evgeniy A. , Mazurov Vadim I.
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis is a disease highly associated with a wide range of comorbidities, which leads to significant limitations of the therapeutic possibilities, in particular, the long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Thus, develop algorithms for effective treatment of osteoarthritis aimed at reducing the need for anti-inflammatory therapy is of great importance.
AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of hyaluronic acid for the treatment of osteoarthritis in patients with comorbid pathology.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: 30 patients aged 40 to 65 years with IIIII stages of knee osteoarthritis who received treatment with the hyaluronate sodium were examined according to the KellgrenLawrence scale. The course of treatment included standard intra-articular injections of Revisk (sterile sodium hyaluronate gel obtained by microbial fermentation) into the knee joints once a week, in a course of 3 injections. During the study non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs therapy was allowed at stable standard dosages. The effectiveness of treatment was assessed by changes in the WOMAC index, the Visual Analog scale pain scores for pain on movement, at rest, goniometry data, 30-meters walking test and stair climb test.
RESULTS: A positive effect of treatment on all the parameters has been noted: significant improvement in clinical indicators of pain according to the visual analog scale, functional tests, and the WOMAC index scores. The positive dynamics of the estimated parameters during treatment started from the 7th day of therapy.
CONCLUSIONS: The hyaluronate sodium (Revisk) can be used for treating patients with IIIII stages of knee osteoarthritis with moderate dysfunction of joints.
Importance of the Size of Local Government in Avoiding the Fiscal Distress – Empirical Evidence on Communes in Poland
Authors: Galiński Paweł
Published: May 2023

Theoretical background: In the literature on finance there are findings which examine reasons for the fiscal distress of units of the public sector, including local governments. However, this distress might be differently defined. Therefore, it determines both the approach to identify this phenomenon and the types of explanatory variables. Nevertheless, in the field of the business sector in the econometric models concerning the financial distress the size of the unit is considered. In this case there are also some possibilities to apply the correct proxy variable. This results from the fact that the size of local government might determine its fiscal capability as well as the level and structure of expenditures, which affect fiscal distress. Purpose of the article: The aim of this paper is to examine the influence of the size of the local government on the probability of the decrease of the exposure to the fiscal distress. Research methods: The author reviewed the literature in the field of the fiscal distress and introduced a multi-criteria decision analysis as well as a logistic regression modelling to examine this. The research procedure also required the use of the linear ordering to construct the dependent variable of the fiscal distress in order to analyse the “size effect” on the fiscal distress. Main findings: Fiscal distress of local governments is a core issue, which should be constantly analysed. It depends on the financial, economic, social and even political aspects. To identify exposure to this distress the TOPSIS method can be used. However, the fiscal distress can be affected by the size of the unit, which influences lots of budgetary categories. Due to the specificity of dependent and independent variables in the econometric models the “size effect” might be represented through the level of the population or the assets. Using the ordinal logistic regression in the research, the authors should consider that this effect can differ between the units with the disparate exposure. So, the partial proportional odds models can be required. Thus, the growth of the size of the unit, measured by the population, increases the odds of reaching very low exposure to fiscal distress. Simultaneously, there are some other important issues which should be included in this type of research.
Impact of Hate Speech on Building the Value of Pro-Social Activities. Perspective of Author and Social Media User
Authors: Kraus Zuzanna , Kuczamer-Kłopotowska Sylwia , Chmielewski Mariusz
Published: May 2023

Theoretical background: The value of a given project (including those of a pro-social nature) is determined by a number of factors, not only those of a financial nature. Within the corporate social responsibility concept, ethics was indicated as one of the factors influencing the value of the project. Currently, one of the problems in the field of ethics is the widespread online hate speech, affecting also the effectiveness of the processes of building the value of pro-social activities that fit into the concept of social marketing. Hate speech has come to form a significant portion of online communication. Only in the first quarter of 2022, Facebook removed 15.1 million pieces of content with hate speech, constituting only a minor part of the problem. Purpose of the article: The authors have noted a research gap in the area of analysing the impact of hate speech on building the value of pro-social activities. The intention of the authors was to evaluate whether the analysis of the phenomenon in question will allow to verify whether there is a relationship between online hate speech and building the value of online pro-social activities. The following research question was formulated: Can online hate speech have an impact on building the value of pro-social activities? Research methods: The authors decided that the quality dimension of the conducted studies should have the form of an individual in-depth interview (the author’s perspective) and a focus group interview supplemented with projection techniques – connotation test, evaluation of emotions and level of controversy (the perspective of the user of social media). Main findings: Hate actions significantly impede the functioning of profile with pro social content which is meant to function as the so-called safe space, which may have an impact on building the value of the influencer’s pro-social activities. During the interview with the recipients of controversial social campaigns, the occurrence of contradictory emotions was confirmed. The paper may offer a basis for further deepened scientific studies in the area of building the value of pro-social activities and a guideline for authors of social activities. Further research in the discussed direction may indicate new modes of using the social media with the participation of influencers who are active in the pro-social area and who have a community of engaged followers.
WIG-20 Warsaw Stock Exchange Companies: Are They Ready for Governance Matters Disclosures Based on EU Sustainable Reporting Standards?
Authors: Próchniak Joanna , Płoska Renata
Published: May 2023

Theoretical background: In 2022, the European Commission’s intensive efforts to revise and enhance the Non-Financial Reporting Directive (NFRD) from 2014 resulted in the proposal of Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) and the exposure draft on ESRS EDs (EFRAG Sustainable Reporting Standards Exposure Drafts). The ESRS drafts for public consultation presented the mandatory concepts and principles for sustainability reporting under the CSRD. The implementation of corporate sustainability is closely related to reporting that stimulates robustness of companies’ commitment to sustainability, and sustainable long-term actions taken by companies. Environment is priority, however, having in mind sophisticated environmental performance indicators, it is governance that ensures stakeholders whether the company exercises the sustainable obligations effectively. Purpose of the article: The purpose of the article is to determine EFRAG draft standards compliance with the Warsaw Stock Exchange best practices and Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) standards, and an assessment of WIG-20 reporting practices regarding EFRAG draft standards. The main research question was whether and to what extent WIG-20 companies meet the sustainable reporting exposure drafts on governance matters proposed by EFRAG. Research methods: The study method was desk-based research using the gathered corporate data. The assumptions on the importance of governance matters were supported by VOSviewer analysis of Scopus bibliometric database analysis. Main findings: The results of the study have shown that the scope and level of reported disclosures by WIG-20 companies – that are best performing and positive toward sustainability – is insufficient and reporting practices do not meet proposed EFRAG draft standards. The study contributes to scarce research addressing the sustainability reporting approach. It provides a study of the governance maters regarding draft governance reporting ESRS drafts.
Quality Costs as a Determinant of Company Value
Authors: Chmielewski Mariusz , Malinowska Ewa
Published: May 2023

Theoretical background: Every enterprise generates costs when carrying out its activities. The costs associated with maintaining an adequate level of quality can prove to be not only a destroyer but, over the longer term, also a generator of enterprise value. Purpose of the article: The aim of the paper is an attempt to present the impact of the quality costs identified by the company on enterprise value, as well as the conditions that should be met to observe an increase in its value. Research methods: This study is of a theoretical nature and uses a research approach based on an analysis of the available literature and heuristic methods. Main findings: Quality costs have an impact on the creation of enterprise value. An indication of their share in the costs by type can help the company’s decisions, which, in the long term, can contribute to the enterprise value by increasing the cash flow.
Pengaruh Suhu dan Lama Pengeringan Terhadap Sifat Kimia dan Fisik Serbuk Bit Merah (Beta vulgaris L.)
Authors: Sangga Harmaili , Widyawati Nugraheni
Published: May 2023

Beetroot plant or Beta vulgaris L. is one of the horticultural plants which is widely cultivated in various regions of Indonesia. It is because the advantage of the beet plant and its use as a natural red dye powder for food ingredients. Beetroot powder can be produced through the drying or withering method using a draying oven and the use of a drying agent to maintain the quality product during drying. This study aims to determine the effect of temperature treatment and drying time on betasianin,% water level,% yield, vitamin C and organoleptic tests (color and aroma) for the natural dye of beetroot powder. This research used a randomized block design  with two (2) factors treatment with 4 replications in order to obtain 24 trials. The treatment factors used were (S) temperature (60°C and 70°C) and (T) drying time (10, 11, and 12 hours). The results of the research of the treatment interaction between temperature and drying time obtained the yield content of the average value was 13% with the water level for the material with the highest average value of 7% at 600C for 10 hours and the lowest was 5% at 700C for 12 hours. For the vitamin C content of beet powder obtained the highest average value on 1.35 mg at  600C for 10 hours. At 600C for 10, the highest betasianin content was 0.151 mg / L. From the organoleptic results, the preferred color of beet powder was at 600C (11 hours) and the preferred aroma was 700C (10 hours).
Studi Pembuatan Minuman Serat Alami yang Kaya β-Karoten
Authors: Siregar Muhammad Said , Tbn Irfan Syukri , Rusmarilin Herla , Ardilla Desi
Published: May 2023

Research on the study of producing rich beta carotene natural fibers beverage has been done by completely randomized design (CRD) with two replicates. The first factor was the ratio of water spinach stem and melinjo seed skin (S1 = 100:0, S2 = 75:25, S3 = 50:50, S4 = 25:75, S5 = 0:100). The second factor was the addition of carrots juice (W1= 30%, W2= 40%, and W3 = 50%). The parameters observed were fiber content, β-carotene content, water absorption index, oil absorption index, hedonic value of color, flavor and aroma. The statistical analysis was showed that the ratio of water spinach stem and melinjo seed skin provide highly significant effect (P ≤ 0.05) on fiber content, beta carotene content, water absorption index, oil absorption index, hedonic of flavor and aroma as well as had no significant effect (P 0.05) to  hedonic of color. The addition of carrot juice provides highly significant effect (P ≤ 0.05) on fiber content, beta-carotene content, water absorption index, oil absorption index, hedonic of aroma, color and flavor.
Stragtegi Pengembangan Klaster Industri Keripik Singkong Di Kabupaten Bojonegoro Menggunakan Metode K-Means Clustering dan Fuzzy AHP
Authors: Sudirman Sudirman , Tantalu Lorine
Published: May 2023

Bojonegoro Regency has excellent agro-industry potential, namely cassava. These commodities can be processed into superior regional products, namely cassava chips. The center of the cassava chip industry is in the Gayam sub-district and the Kalitidu sub-district. The problems faced by the cassava chip industry in Bojonegoro Regency are currently in the raw materials, technology, product quality, business capital, marketing, and there is still no cluster division. This study aimed to determine clusters and improvement strategies in each cluster of the cassava chip industry. The method used is the K-means Clustering method and Fuzzy AHP. The study's results determined 2 clusters of cassava chips industry based on the performance of the cassava chips industry and the quality of their products. Cluster 1 consists of 3 cassava chip industries, and cluster 2 consists of 4 cassava chip industries. The strategy for developing the cassava chip industry in cluster 1 is to establish partnerships with raw materials suppliers, plant cassava on private land, and manage the handling and supply of raw materials. The development strategy for cluster 2 is to innovate products, innovate packaging designs and conduct comparative studies in other cassava chips industries.
Penggunaan Bahan Pengisi terhadap Mutu Nugget Vegetarian Berbahan Dasar Tahu dan Tempe
Authors: Rohaya Syarifah , Husna Nida El , Bariah Khairul
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study was to compare different sources of flours and protein sources based on soya bean products in producing vegetarian nugget. Factorial experimental design with three replications was employed where wheat, sweet potato, sago and banana flour as one factor, and tempeh and tofu as another factor. Moisture and raw protein content of vegetarian nuggets produced in this study was in accordance with the Indonesia Standard (SNI). Moisture was less than 60 percent and raw protein was above 12 percent. The highest organoleptic test was obtained from the nugget made of the combination of sago as filler and tofu as protein source. The nugget contained 60.00, 14.89, 28.89 and 2.00 percent of moisture, raw protein, raw fat and ash content, respectively. The organoleptic scores were 2.70, 3.58, 3.50, 3.53 and 3.62 for color, aroma, taste, texture and springiness, respectively.Keywords: nugget, vegetarian nugget, filler
Pengaruh Penambahan Gula dan Amonium Sulfat terhadap Kualitas Nata de Soya
Authors: Patria Anshar , Muzaifa Murna , Zurrahmah Zurrahmah
Published: May 2023

This research aims to utilize of tofu liquid waste (Whey) into a more economical product in the form of nata de soya . This research uses a complete randomized design, which is consists of two factors, namely sugar (6% , 8% and 10%) and ammonium sulfate (0.3% , 0.5% and 0.7%). The observed parameters included yield, thickness, compressive strength analysis, crude fiber and organoleptic. The analysis results showed that sugar concentration and ammonium sulfate concentration significantly different to the yield, thickness, crude fiber, compressive strength and organoleptic. This research results showed that sugar and ammonium sulfate concentration influence significantly different to the thickness, crude fiber, compressive strength and organoleptic and not significantly different to the yield of nata de soya. The higher the sugar concentration and ammonium sulfate are used, the higher the yield, thickness, compressive strength, crude fiber produced. The best results obtained in the treatment of 10% sugar concentration and 0.7% ammonium sulfate.
Simulation of Starch Degradation in Tobacco Leaf during Curing
Authors: Abubakar Yusya
Published: May 2023

Simulasi penguraian pati di dalam daun tembakau dilakukan dengan mengembangkan model matematika penguraian pati (di dalam daun) sebagai fungsi dari kondisi pengeringan seperti temperatur, kadar air, waktu, dan konsentrasi awal pati. Model penguraian pati ini didasarkan pada persamaan laju orde pertama, dikombinasikan dengan persamaan sekunder. Nilai konstanta yang diperlukan dalam persamaan sekunder ditentukan melalui iterasi dan perbandingan akar dari jumlah galat kuadrat. Model tersebut dipadankan pada data dari experiment untuk menentukan nilai konstanta pada persamaan utama, dengan meminimalkan akar dari jumlah galat kuadrat. Suatu program komputer telah ditulis dan digunakan untuk mensimulasi perubahan kadar pati di dalam daun. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa model tersebut dapat memprediksi penguraian pati dengan baik (RMSE = 3.28).  Namun demikian, pada beberapa kasus, model penguraian pati tersebut cenderung memprediksi konsentrasi pati yang lebih tinggi dari nilai yang diperoleh dari percobaan.
Formulasi Biskuit Kelapa Parut Kering dengan Perlakuan Penyangraian dan Tanpa Penyangraian
Authors: Lubis Yanti Meldasari , Satriana Satriana , Fahrizal Fahrizal , Darlia Eni
Published: May 2023

The study of the formulation of desiccated coconut biscuits by roasting and without roasting was investigated. This research was conducted using randomized block design consisted of two factors and three replications. The first factor is the percentage of the desiccated coconut addition to wheat flour with three levels (25%, 50% and 75%). The second factor is the variation treatment of the desiccated coconut; roasting and without roasting. The result showed that the percentage of desiccated coconut addition to wheat flour has a significant effect on protein content. The treatment of roasting and without roasting has very significant effect on the peroxide number and significant effect on the moisture content, sensory test (aroma and taste). The interaction factor between the percentage of desiccated coconut addition to wheat flour and the treatment of roasting and without roasting has a very significant effect on the fat content and has a significant effect on the sensory test (aroma and taste). The best formulation of the desiccated coconut biscuits based on the sensory test was obtained from the addition of75% of desiccated coconut without roasting.
Karakteristik Emulsifier Mono-Diasil Gliserol (MDAG) dari Crude Palm Oil (CPO) yang berasal dari Fat Pit pada Berbagai Konsentrasi Katalis NaOH
Authors: Silsia Devi , Electrika Fitri , Surawan Dewi , Meiriska Idha
Published: May 2023

Mono - Diasilgliserol (MDAG) merupakan merupakan emulsifier yang paling banyak digunakan dalam industri makanan. Emulsifier merupakan salah satu produk oleokimia yang bernilai ekonomis tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik MDAG yang dihasilkan dari etanolisis crude palm oil (CPO) yang berasal dari Fat Pit dengan menggunakan katalis NaOH. Reaksi etanolisis dilakukan pada suhu 50°C selama 30 menit.  Konsentrasi katalis NaOH yang digunakan  adalah 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% dan 5% dari berat minyak. Proses pemisahan dilakukan dengan menggunakan sentifus. Karakteristik MDAG yang diamati adalah kadar air, asam lemak bebas (alb) dan kemampuannya sebagai emulsifier berupa kemampuan produk menurunkan tegangan permukaan, dan menstabilkan emulsi minyak air. Kadar air MDAG yang dihasilkan antara 0,027% - 0,14%, alb antara 1,27% - 0,14%, tegangan permukaan antara 26,76 dyne/cm – 34,86 dyne/cm dan kestabilan emulsi yang terbentuk antara 135 detik – 181,2 detik.
Distribution and biology of two Balkan scorpionflies, Panorpa rufostigma and P. lacedaemonia (Mecoptera: Panorpidae)
Authors: Dvořák Libor , Devetak Dušan
Published: May 2023

Background and purpose: Two scorpionflies, Panorpa rufostigma Westwood, 1841 and P. lacedaemonia Lauterbach, 1972, are poorly known and understudied from faunistic and ecological aspects. A review of published and new records of two species in the Balkan Peninsula and Crete is presented.
Material and methods: The scorpionflies were caught by various entomologists using a sweeping net, preserved in ethanol, and sent to the article authors.
Results: Altogether five unpublished records of P. rufostigma and 19 unpublished records of P. lacedaemonia are presented. The paper summarizes the data on the identification, phenology, altitude preferences and habitats of both species. Three collecting places of P. lacedaemonia in south Albania are the first records in the country. Color images detailing some morphological characters of P. lacedaemonia are presented for the first time.
Conclusions: Both species have a wider geographical distribution than previously known. The species P. rufostigma is a summer/autumn species preferring shrubby or semi-open stands, often of dry character. The species P. lacedaemonia occurs the whole year with two distributional peaks between and prefers forest or bushy stands, often by water.
Common infections acquired in intensive care: Microbiological aspects and risk factors
Authors: Oulkheir Said , Ounine Khadija , Lamrani Hanchi Asmae , Rkhaila Amine , Arouya Khalid , Mostafi Jaouad , Chadli Smail
Published: May 2023

Nosocomial infections are a serious health problem resulting in an enormous burden of morbidity and mortality rates, and high health care costs. The various microorganisms implicated in nosocomial infections were not known for causing recalcitrant nosocomial infections, they are opportunistic pathogens and hence pose a challenge to patients especially those with immunocompromised conditions. Patients at the intensive care unit are the most at risk of these hospital-acquired infections The infections usually encountered in intensive care unit (ICU) include urinary tract infection, pneumonia, tuberculosis, gastroenteritis. The main risk factors for these infections can be divided into three key groups: those related to patient characteristics and underlying diseases, those related to the acute disease process, and those related to the use of invasive diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Incidence of ICU-acquired infections vary between hospitals and according to the type of population studied, being highest in burn units and surgical and trauma ICUs and lowest in coronary care units.The major preventive effort to reducing the risk of nosocomial infections should be focused on hospitals and other health care facilities. The responsible health authority should develop a national (or regional) programme to support hospitals. Such programmes must assess and promote good health care, appropriate isolation, sterilization, and other practices, staff training, and epidemiological surveillance should be developed.
Managing Monumental Crises
Authors: Urza Carmelo , Douglass William A.
Published: May 2023

This paper provides a brief chronological overview of Basque immigration and participation in the sheep industry of the American West. It describes the process leading to the conception and development of the National Basque Sheepherder Monument in Reno’s Rancho San Rafael Park, including the discussions with regards to whether it should be Traditional/Realistic or Modern/Symbolic in nature. It explains the potential crisis that threatened to sidetrack the Monument, the inaugural ceremony and the symbolism of the statue Bakardade/Solitude by Basque sculptor Nestor Basterretxea and its relationship with the characteristics of the Basque people. Finally, it incorporates the figurative sculpture donated by the John Ascuaga family to the University of Nevada, Reno.
When Measure Matters: Coresidence Bias and Integenerational Mobility Revisited
Authors: Muñoz Ercio , Siravegna Mariel
Published: May 2023

We provide novel evidence of the impact of coresidence bias on a large set of indicators of intergenerational mobility in education. We begin re-examining a recent claim that the correlation coecient is less biased than the regression coecient. Then, we expand our analysis to show that there are indicators with varying average levels of coresidence bias going from less than 1% to more than 10%. However, some indicators with minimal bias produce high levels of re-ranking that make them uninformative to rank populations by the level of mobility. In contrast, other indicators with large bias generate more reliable rankings.
Court Studies in Russian Medieval Studies: Review of the Latest Publications
Authors: Zaytseva Tatyana
Published: May 2023

The article presents the Russian medieval studies on the European courts in the Middle Ages and early Modern period. The review is based on the Russian materials on the history of France, England, Germany, Italy and Spain published during 2000—2020. Consideration is given to the following aspects: the role of the study of the court in the political history of the Middle Ages and the very understanding of this phenomenon; the geography of scientific centers, forms and types of publications; the boundaries of research; the topics studied within them, perspectives, special subjects; methodological and historiographical debates. Suggestions are being made regarding the reasons for active development of court studies and their transformation into an independent scientific field (associated both with the peculiarities of medieval studies itself, and with evolution of humanitarian knowledge and social context in general).
What Kind of Christian is Honnête Homme? Notes on the Dutch and Russian Abbé de Bellegarde
Authors: Neklyudova Maria
Published: May 2023

The article poses the question who wrote the treatise “Le chrétien honnête home”, which was published in Holland in 1736 as the last work of the Abbé de Bellegarde; in 1743, it was translated into Russian by Sergey Volchkov. The problem of authorship in this case turns out to be directly related to the confessional identity of the text, which should be definitely Catholic, but which was previously characterized by one researcher as Protestant. Given the fact that Russian translation transferred the content of the treatise into an Orthodox context, the choice between Catholic and Protestant bias acquires additional interest. The article suggests that “Le chrétien honnête homme” was written in Holland and reflected a moderate Jansenist point of view, which, precisely because of its moderation, was acceptable to the Russian translator.
Imperial and Princely Court of the Holy Roman Empire in Early Modern in Modern Historiography
Authors: Prokopiev Andrei
Published: May 2023

The article considers the phenomenon of the imperial and princely court of the Holy Roman Empire in the focus of modern historiographical discussion of German historians. What were the new methodological approaches to the study of the court at the end of the 20th century? How strong was the influence of historical sociology and anthropology? What new schools and trends can be identified at the turn of the century? The specificity of the German material is especially emphasized: the need for a comparative study of over 300 residences of the imperial estates in the early modern period. Today, the princely and imperial courts are seen by historians not so much as a political instrument of power, but as a reflection of the diverse social and cultural processes in the society of the beginning of modern times.
Bestiality in the Everyday Life in Eighteenth-Century Russia: an Archival Study
Authors: Prudovsky PetrI
Published: May 2023

Following in the footsteps of M. Muravyeva and A. Kamensky the paper offers a close examination of 25 cases of real, alleged, or implied sex of a human male with a non-human animal in eighteenth-century Russia discovered in the collections of local administrations in the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts (RGADA). In analyzing these cases I address the issues of their representativeness, the motives of the defendants and the peculiarities of their psychology, and the factors facilitating such activities. I also seek to trace the link between involvement in bestiality and church calendar (fasts and holidays), consumption of alcohol, contacts with human females leading to possible sexual arousal, and social background.
The Case of Captain’s Wife Voeikova
Authors: Kamenskii Alexander
Published: May 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of archival materials related to the conflict in the landowner family of Fyodor and Alexandra Voeikov, which acquired the character of a secret state affair, in which top officials were involved and in which the final decision was made by Empress Catherine II. The documents in question are a valuable source on gender history, contain interesting information on the history of everyday life, patron-client and family relations, customs and worldview of the Russian nobility in the last quarter of the 18th century. The article also raises the question of the nature of the royal disgrace in Catherinian Russia.
Economical Aspects of Everyday Life in German Leproseries in the 12th — 14th Centuries
Authors: Arnautova Yulia
Published: May 2023

The highest point of spread of leprosy in Western Europe in 12th—14th centuries coincided with the transition of clerical charitable institutions, hospitals for the poor (hospitale pauperum) and leproseries to the jurisdiction of town’s communes. The “communalization of care for the poor” and the rationalization of management and control, however, did not mean that the institution of social assistance itself became secular: it retained its sacred function of sacrifice to the Lord (Matt. 25: 35—36), changing only its administration. This article examines the most important aspects of the economic history of the leproseries of German cities in the late Middle Ages and early Modernity: what were sources of income and main items of expenditure in leproseries, standards of provision for patients, opportunities and consumption structure. Leproseries were funded from various sources and in different proportions, but there were four main channels: funds from funders, donations from philanthropists, “internal sources” (entrance fees of lepers, income from their own household and entrepreneurship) and alms, which should not be ignored. Establishment of the entrance fee, which varied basing on the lepers’ wealth, provided a guaranteed maintenance proportional to the contribution (fnhd. pfründe, prebend) and a share in the income of the leprosery. This differentiated prebend made it possible to maintain the standards of life of a certain estate even after being placed in a charitable institution. The economic activity of large and rich leproseries resembles other socio-economic processes taking place in Medieval cities: capital accumulation in 15th—16th centuries; surplus income investments in the purchases of houses and towns’ lands; money lent primarily to urban communes. In such manner leproseries become not just independent structures of the founder-town, with finances, property, “special rights” (statutes), but also play an important role in its development.
The Court of the Spanish Habsburgs: Results and Prospects of Researches (Appendix. Interview with Professor Manuel Rivero Rodríguez
Authors: Védyushkin Vladimir
Published: May 2023

The article examines the activities of a group of Spanish researchers from the Autonomous University of Madrid (José Martínez Millán, Manuel Rivero Rodríguez and others) who began to study the court of the Spanish Habsburgs in the early 1990s. On its basis, in 2006, the University Institute “The Court in Europe” (Instituto Universitario “La Corte en Europa”, hereinafter — IULCE) was established, which unites efforts of many scientists in different countries, combining scientific research, teaching and popularization of knowledge about the court in its activities. The purpose of this article is to analyze the structure and main activities of IULCE, such as the organization of international congresses and publication of their materials, publication of the electronic scientific journal “Libros de Corte”, assistance to the authorities in the development of cultural tourism, creation of databases on the court of the Spanish Habsburgs, but above all — a large-scale ongoing project of a comprehensive study of the royal court during the reign of each monarch of the Habsburg dynasty in Spain. The article traces the changes in the structure of these works, corresponding to the dynamics of studying the peculiarities of the development of the court of the Spanish Habsburgs, which found themselves in the orbit of IULCE's research interests. The distinctive features of an interdisciplinary approach to the study of the court are examined. An interview with the director of IULCE, professor Manuel Rivero Rodríguez, taken by the author of this article, is published as an appendix, which allows us to better understand the peculiarities of the functioning of the Institute and the prospects for its development.
The Abyss of the Moscow Everyday Life of Peter the Great’s Time: “Notebooks for Driven People” of the Funny Yard (Poteshny Dvor) of 1697—1715 as a Historical Source
Authors: Akelev Evgenii
Published: May 2023

The documents of the Preobrazhensky Prikaz, the first Russian specialized institution of political investigation, have repeatedly attracted the attention of the researchers. However, few scholars know that one of the departments of the Preobrazhensky Prikaz, such as the Funny Yard (Poteshny Dvor), also performed police functions in Moscow. This article, based on a study of the materials of the Funny Yard’s office work, aims to reveal the opportunities that the “notebooks of driven people” of the Funny Yard (1697—1715) provide for studying Moscow’s everyday life. Meanwhile, the authors rely on the theory of everyday life of the French historian and philosopher Michel de Certeau.
Life is Like a Song: Samuel Pepys’s Diary as a Collection of the Ephemeral
Authors: Stogova Anna
Published: May 2023

The present study focuses on the question of the narrative models that the early modern individual was able to draw upon in composing a diary autobiographical narrative, and what image of everyday life was formed thereby. This question is explored on the basis of the famous diary of English naval official Samuel Pepys. Pepys was also known as a collector of one of the types of ephemera that were extremely popular in the 17th century: broadside ballads. Certain features of Pepys’ diary allow us to discuss a possible influence of broadside ballads on the image of everyday life which is shaped in the diary. By analysing the range of meanings which have developed around the broadside ballads and the practices associated with them, and comparing them to those of the diary, we can conclude that there is a similar image of everyday life as part of an elusive, fleeting and actual present, which may be understood in the future and which therefore needs to be preserved.
Everyday Leisure of the Dmitrov’ Town Merchant I. A. Tolchenov
Authors: Lyubkov Vladimir
Published: May 2023

This article analyzes the leisure preferences of the Dmitrov merchant I. A. Tolchenov on the basis of his autobiographical text “Journal or note of the life and adventures” of I. A. Tolchenov. As a result of the study, it was revealed how different life practices changed or still prevail during the course of the Dmitrov merchant, based on his family, financial and social status, as well as changes and continuity of leisure practices at different age levels of I. A. Tolchenov. It was demonstrated that the representatives of the wealthy merchants of the second half of the 18th century had no less opportunities for leisure than the nobles.
Influence of diameter and temperature of porous carbon particles on high temperature kinetics of carbon oxide and dioxide formation
Authors: Kalinchak V. V. , Zinchenko Y. A. , Chernenko A. S. , Kuzemko R. D.
Published: May 2023

Effect of particle diameter, gas temperature and intensity of mass exchange on gasification rate with account of the parallel chemical reactions of an oxygen with carbon following by reaction of carbon dioxide with carbon on the surface and in the pores is fulfilled considering the Stefan’s flow. The effect of each reaction on the gaseous products at different temperatures and carbon particle diameters are clarified.
Welding fumes formation. III. Growth and coalescence of the nuclei
Authors: Vishnyakov V. I. , Kiro S. A. , Ennan A. A.
Published: May 2023

The processes of growth and coalescence of the nuclei formed in the dusty plasma of arc welding due to heterogeneous ion-induced nucleation is studied. There is a high flow rate of condensable atoms from the gas phase into the condensed phase resulting from coalescence of nuclei. This process leads to a decrease in the condensable vapor supersaturation and to the termination of nucleation and start of the bimodal coalescence. As a result, at the moment of phase transition, there is bimodal distribution of the primary particles: the small--size primary particles formed from drops with a low degree of association between the nuclei (intra--modal coalescence only), and the primary large--size particles formed from drops with a high degree of association of nuclei, resulting in their prolonged coalescence (intra--modal and intermodal coalescence).
Temperature dependence of ELC layer thickness. 1. Relay-race model
Authors: Mikhailenko V. I. , Shakun K. S. , Popovskii A. Yu. , Butenko A. F.
Published: May 2023

The calculation of temperature dependence of thickness of orientationally ordered nitrobenzene layer bounded by solid substrates of different nature was done in the framework of early proposed theoretical model. We supposed that solid substrate induces the orientational ordering in ultrathin interlayer (thickness ~ some molecular lengths), which directly contact it. Further the order parameter of studied liquid transferred into the depth of the liquid by relayrace mechanism, which in turn is conditioned by the factor of intermolecular interaction. Theoretical calculations coincide with experimental results.
The particle of highly dispersed magnetic with complex exchange interactions in an external magnetic field
Authors: Sayko P. O. , Shapovalov I. P.
Published: May 2023

The possible types of uniform magnetic ordering in small-sized particle of the uniaxial spin-1 magnet in an external field have been investigated. The case of the system with complex exchange interactions is considered. The phase diagram of a magnet in the field – temperature coordinates is constructed for certain values of the Hamiltonian parameters. There is a tetracritical point besides a triple point on the phase diagram.
Hysteresis of heat and mass transfer at non-isothermal oxidation of combustible gases additives in air on platinum wire
Authors: Kalinchak V. V. , Chernenko A. S. , Kalugin V. V. , Sofronkov A. N.
Published: May 2023

Influence of combustible gases impurities is analysed on the heat transfer of inert platinum wire under natural and forced convection. A summary of the results for low and high temperature catalytic oxidation. The critical conditions for the catalytic self-ignition and extinction of combustible gases impurities in the air are determined on a platinum wire.
Counterflow smoldering of combustible biomaterials
Authors: Golovko V. V.
Published: May 2023

Smoldering wave propagation stationary regime via porous samples of dispersed biomaterials was investigated. It was shown, that at counterflow smoldering, under filtration oxidant supplement conditions, smoldering velocity and smoldering zone temperature dependences via incoming into reactor air flow speed have a maximum at Vп ~ 20 cm/s. Similarity of these dependences shows the fuel oxidation chemical reactions kinetics primary influence on smoldering process. Assuming that the heterogeneous substance scale is small and the conversion depth is complete, the problem of smoldering wave propagation velocity definition was solved.
Ignition of monohydric alcohols single droplets and methyl esters of vegetable oils
Authors: Kopiyka A. K. , Darakov D. S. , Olifirenko Y. A. , Raslavicius L.
Published: May 2023

Evolution of monohydric alcohols (ethanol, butanol) single droplets and methyl esters of vegetable oils (RME) in a heated air within the temperature range (950 ÷ 1100 К) and normal atmospheric pressure is investigated. Within the quasitationary approach framework, mathematical expression for droplet ignition delay time is proposed, which allows to estimate the main problem parameters influence degree on the preignition period length, with reasonable for situation analysis certainty. Obtained prognostic evaluations showed that under single droplet ignition experimental methodology conditions, ignition delay time τign of less volatile rapeseed oil methyl ester should exceed the analogous parameter ofsimilar size ethanol and butanol droplets. Calculation results are compared with mineral diesel fuel droplets ignition data.
Combustion characteristics of alkane two-droplet array Part 2. Two droplet array of n-Docosane
Authors: Orlovskaya S. G. , Karimova F. F. , Shkoropado M. S.
Published: May 2023

Combustion of two n-Docosane droplets in air at room temperature is studied experimentally. The droplets are disposed vertically one above another and burning history of upper droplet is registered. A new accurate method for measuring an equivalent diameter of burning droplet is developed. As a result, burning rate constants of Docosane and Octadecane droplets are measured more accurately. The dependence of upper droplet burning rate on interdroplet spacing is analyzed.
Conductometric properties of alcoholic nanosuspensions of metal oxides
Authors: Gotsulskiy V. Ya. , Stiranets M. V. , Khanchych K. Yu.
Published: May 2023

In this work, we present the experimental study of nanofluids’ electrophysical characteristics concentration dependencies specific behavior (nanoparticles of Al2O3, ZnO and Fe2O3 in isopropyl alcohol) at low concentrations. The values of a conductivity, electrical capacitance and dielectric  permittivity are measured depending on the  suspended particles’ concentration for low  concentrated nanofluids far from the percolation  threshold and for different periods after their  preparation. It is shown that the increase of the  electrophysical parameters with increasing  concentration of the pointed nanoparticles (which  themselves are non-conductive) may be explained by a formation of an electrical double layer around the particles and a percolation of particle clusters.
Study of Octadecane and Docosane droplets melting
Authors: Karimova F. F. , Orlovskaya S. G. , Shkoropado M. S. , Kalinchak V. V.
Published: May 2023

The alkanes melting (n-Octadecane, n-Docosane) is studied experimentally. The droplets size and shape histories are analyzed and compared with the characteristics of n-alkanes phase transition solid-liquid. It is found that the droplet equivalent diameter increases significantly due to melting and thermal expansion. At the same time its shape evolves continuously: initially elongated droplet becomes almost spherical then elongates again. The droplet aspect ratio non-monotonic change correlates with surface tension temperature dependence.
The elasticity of the polymeric composite material with orthotropic structure
Authors: Altoiz B. A. , Savin S. N. , Skorzhevsky A. V. , Ionov R. S.
Published: May 2023

The preparation of orthotropic polymeric composite is described. Method is based on curing the epoxy  resin with nickel carbonyl nanoparticles (the content  up to 35 vol.%) directly in the magnetic field B ≈ 0.2 T. The noticeable anisotropy of composite elastic  properties is proved by the measurements of Yung's  modulus of the disk and plate-shaped samples.
Thermophysical modeling of biological tissue cryoablation
Authors: Shevchenko M. M. , Lytvynenko O. O. , Dragan G. S.
Published: May 2023

The solution of the Stefan problem for the determination of temperature fields in the biological tissue during cryoablation defined areas with a view to their identification and localization, followed by therapeutic action is proposed. Three types cryoinstruments considers that as a first approximation presents a one-dimensional problem. Identify three isothermal surfaces that reveal the zone of influence, the freezing zone and zone of necrosis. The solution of the inverse problem of determining the coordinates of the temperature dependence that allows you to find the coordinates of phase transitions. The calculation results are consistent with experimental data obtained from living organisms.
Modelling of the rheological curve and printing ink flow mechanism in rotary viscometer measuring cell clearance
Authors: Dorosh A. K. , Shevchuk A. V. , Hutsol O. A.
Published: May 2023

The complete rheological curves of basic role printing offset inks in the temperature range 20÷60°C have been obtained. The flow models and analytical formulas are analyzed and tested tocalculate of value of the most important macro- and microrheological parameters; identified the boundaries of appearance and extinction of wall effects, the phenomenon of ink separation (generation of axial "pigment streamer"), the formation (and the reformation) of the structure of liquid layers of material in the clearance of the measuring cell of the rotary viscometer.
Thermal diffusivity of polymeric composite cured in a magnetic field
Authors: Skorzhevsky A. V. , Altoiz B. A. , Savin S. N.
Published: May 2023

Curing of the composite in a constant magnetic field of low intensity (Н∼104 A/m) leads to the anisotropic spatial distribution of the filler particles - carbonyl nickel powder. Thermal diffusivity of the composite with orthotropic structure was measured using "pulsed heat source" method. Increase of thermal diffusivity value was found in the direction of the orthotropic axis.
Simulation of evaporation of lower alcohols binary droplets
Authors: Olifirenko J. O. , Kopeyka A. K. , Kalinchak V. V. , Darakov D. S. , Golovko V. V.
Published: May 2023

This paper presents the simulation results of evaporation process of lower alcohols - ethanol (E), butanol (B) and their binary mixtures individual droplets with 2 mm droplet initial size in hot air (T∞ = 440 ÷ 675K) and atmospheric pressure. The evaporating droplets size, composition and temperature histories are obtained using descrete-component approach to describe different initial composition fuel mixtures heat-mass transfer processes. The comparative analysis of obtained data allowed to propose a possible mechanism of multicomponent fuel mixtures droplets evaporation and explain some of predicted features in main process characteristics behavior.
Analysis of relaxation characteristics of penton - AgI
Authors: Shut M. I. , Rokytska H. V. , Rozanovych V. Yu. , Chelnokova S. M. , Rokytskyi M. O.
Published: May 2023

In this study the composites dCp/dT multiplet dependence has been analyzed in glass transition temperature, the relaxation characteristics have been determined. The form of this dependence is due to  the presence of structure-active silver iodide  particles. It is shown that calorimetric method of relaxation processes analysis can be used also to polymer composite materials which contain  crystallizable polymers, namely, high-molecular  polyesters and disperse fillers.