bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using Bender Elements to Investigate the Effect of a Multi-axial Geogrid on Aggregate Layer Stiffness
Authors: Robinson W. Jeremy , Tingle Jeb S. , Tutumluer Erol , Kang Mingu , Wayne Mark H. , Tamrakar Prajwol
Published: February 2023

Geogrid inclusion in low-volume road applications has been shown to improve rutting performance. Although rutting performance and traditional instrumentation response data provide meaningful insights into pavement behavior, they do not provide a direct measurement of material behavior near the geogrid. Recently, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign has developed field-deployable shear-wave transducers, that is, bender elements to measure the localized stiffness enhancement attributed to geogrid inclusion in unbound aggregate layers, which have been verified in laboratory and limited field applications. Bender element sensors were installed in a full-scale accelerated pavement test experiment at the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center that included a recently developed multi-axial hexagonal geogrid. The sensors were installed directly on the geogrid and 10 cm above the geogrid in the unbound aggregate layer to measure the geogrid zone of influence. The test item was trafficked with a dual-wheel truck gear, and bender element measurements were made at select intervals throughout traffic application. To estimate the unbound aggregate moduli, the data were analyzed using two techniques: first arrival time and peak-to-peak arrival time. The bender element sensors were found to be sufficiently robust to survive installation, construction, and trafficking. Calculated modulus values 10 cm above the geogrid were found to be higher than those directly on the geogrid, which was an unexpected finding. However, a forensic investigation revealed moisture and fines migration into the bottom of the unbound aggregate layer, which could have dampened the shear-wave signal, resulting in lower calculated modulus values.
Who is to blame? Evaluations in academia spreading through relationships among multiple actor types
Authors: Engwall Lars , Edlund Peter , Wedlin Linda
Published: February 2023

We draw on a general model of the governance of organizations to analyze the dynamics among various actor types given the present ubiquity of evaluations in and around universities. Regulators demand evaluations to assess the return on taxpayers’ money. Market actors, particularly publishers of academic journals, promote different metrics, including citation scores and impact factors. Scrutinizers, such as media companies, professions, auditors, and nongovernmental organizations, create further evaluations by developing university rankings, accounting systems, and investigative reports. There are also initiatives for evaluations inside universities: vice chancellors, department heads, and other academic leaders launch voluntary internal assessments, and researchers assist regulators, market actors, and scrutinizers throughout their evaluations. We conclude that multiple actors are responsible for the current evaluation regime in academia, and that none of them is responsible alone. Rather, it is in the dynamic relationships among actors at different levels that we find the strongest processes driving a seemingly ever-increasing number of evaluations in contemporary academia.
Investor Attention and Global Stock Market Volatility: Evidence from COVID-19
Authors: Padungsaksawasdi Chaiyuth , Treepongkaruna Sirimon
Published: February 2023

This paper utilizes intraday five-minute stock market indices to investigate the causal relation between global stock market volatility and investor attention measured by the Google search volume index during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using the bi-power variation method proposed by Barndorff-Nielsen and Shephard (2004), we separate the realized volatility into two components: Continuous and Jump. Based on 5,583 stock indices-day observations, we find that investor attention is positively related to the realized volatility and its continuous component, but to a lesser extent to jumps. A growth in confirmed cases is positive to all measures of market volatility. Moreover, when the number of confirmed cases increases, more attentive investors reduce market volatility. Our findings are robust regarding various estimation approaches and are less likely to suffer from omitted variable biases and endogeneity concerns. Understanding the findings revealed in this paper is crucial to regulators and policymakers as warnings of additional risks facing retail investors around the globe over the extremely volatile periods.

JEL Codes: G14; G15; G40; G41
The Moderating Effect of Mental Health on the Relationship Between Cardiovascular Disease Awareness and Health Behaviors of Middle-Aged Korean Chinese Workers With Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Korea
Authors: Zhang Yu Zhu , Hwang Seon Young
Published: February 2023

Introduction:

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of death in China and Korea, yet little is known about in Korean Chinese workers. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of CVD awareness and mental health on health behaviors and evaluate the moderating effect of mental health on the relationship between CVD awareness and health behaviors among Korean Chinese workers.

Method:

We used a cross-sectional design and convenience sampling of participants from Seoul in December 2021. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, independent t tests, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis.

Results:

CVD awareness, mental health, and health behaviors were relatively low and mental health showed a moderating effect on the relationship between the two variables.

Discussion:

Understanding relationships between CVD awareness, socioculturally mediated health behaviors, and mental health issues is critical to CVD prevention among participants; moreover, mental health should be specifically assessed and targeted for improvement.
Formal Mentoring and Protégés’ Leadership Development: The Roles of Protégés’ Informal Mentoring Networks, Political Skill, and Gender
Authors: Joo Min-Kyu , Cruz Kevin S.
Published: February 2023

We seek to better understand how formal mentoring may impact protégés’ leadership development by arguing that protégés’ informal mentoring networks help explain the relationship between formal mentoring and two protégé leadership development outcomes: motivation to lead and promotability. We also argue that protégés’ political skill and gender serve as boundary conditions of these mediated relationships. Using 100 South Korean mentor-protégé dyads in four organizations across three points in time, we find that a higher level of formal mentoring is positively associated with the quality of protégés’ informal mentoring networks, which, in turn, is positively associated with protégés’ motivation to lead, but not protégés’ promotability. We also find that the relationship between a higher level of formal mentoring and the quality of protégés’ informal mentoring networks is strengthened when protégés have a higher level of political skill. In addition, we find that female protégés obtain more informal mentoring networking benefits from their formal mentors than male protégés. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Tribological characteristics of ABS structures with different infill densities tested by pin-on-disc
Authors: Akıncıoğlu Gülşah , Şirin Emine , Aslan Enes
Published: February 2023

Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), a petroleum-based thermoplastic, is widely used in various industry. It is important to make product costs without reducing the wear characteristics of products. For this reason, over the past 20 years, researchers have focused on improving product performance by reducing material weight. The literature has limited information about the tribological properties of the ABS polymer samples produced with fused deposition modelling. In this study, gyroid-patterned ABS samples with different infill densities (25%, 50%, and 75%) were produced and the effect on the wear properties of the samples was investigated. The main aim of the study is to show the infill density effect on wear and friction performance of the samples and find the coefficient of friction values. So, this study is one of the first studies which investigated wear and friction properties of ABS polymer produced as gyroid pattern with different infill densities. The study might also be used to have an initial information whether ABS polymer can be used in additive manufacturing systems for the joint components. As the performance indicator, diameter deviation, hardness, surface roughness, test temperature, friction coefficient, weight loss, and wearing surface results of the samples were evaluated. The results show that infill density is an important property that effect the tribological and heating characteristic of ABS samples. The friction and heat of the samples increase by increasing infill density. According to the tribological test results, the highest coefficient of friction and friction temperature were reached in the samples with 75% infill density.
The evaluation of Hemoblast Bellows for arterial hemorrhage control in a swine model of vascular injury
Authors: Hafer Ashley , Verga Jared , Sulava Eric , Friedrich Emily , Sheldon Diana , Boboc Michael , Bohan Megan , Norris Emily , Gaspary Micah , Stuart Sean
Published: February 2023

Background

Uncontrolled hemorrhage remains the leading cause of preventable death on the battlefield. Hemostatic agents have increased in use and have been shown to improve survival. Combat Gauze (CG) is the most-used hemostatic gauze recommended by the Committee of Tactical Combat Casualty Care. Hemoblast Bellows (HB), a product FDA-approved for intraoperative hemorrhage, contains thrombin which differentiates it from CG and other kaolin-based hemostatic agents and has not been evaluated in the pre-hospital setting. This study aimed to compare HB to CG, in a standard swine arterial hemorrhage model.

Methods

Dilutional coagulopathy and hypothermia were induced in anesthetized Yorkshire-cross swine. The femoral artery was isolated and a 6 mm femoral arteriotomy was made. After a 30 s free bleed, randomly assigned hemostatic agent(s) from one of the three treatment groups: HB only, CG only, and HB + CG were applied and direct pressure was held for 3 min. At 30 min, the ipsilateral lower extremity was mobilized with a series of hip movements. Primary endpoints included blood loss, rebleeding, thromboelastogram (TEG) values, SPOT GRADE(TM) values, and mean arterial pressure (MAPs), which were monitored during the 150-min observation period.

Results

There were no significant differences between the treatment groups for blood loss, rebleeding, lactate, TEG values, SPOT GRADE, or MAPs for all time points examined.

Conclusions

We found no significant differences between the treatment groups for any of the included data points. These results suggest that arterial hemorrhage control with HB alone and HB + CG is not significantly different from hemorrhage control with CG only. These findings should not deter us from a continued investigation of hemostatic agents but should stimulate our search for superior hemorrhage control agents and novel delivery mechanisms. Continued innovation with such products may overcome the product limitations that we observed during testing and may prove to be a more relevant product for the point-of-injury.
Teacher gender in citizenship education: Does it make a difference?
Authors: O’Brien Gearóid
Published: February 2023

Civic, Social and Political Education (CSPE) is a mandatory junior cycle subject in Irish second-level schools. Its concept-based syllabus accords teachers significant freedom in choosing instructional content for the subject. This study used a survey of 223 CSPE teachers to identify: (1) differences in the teaching of the subject based on teacher gender; and (2) the nature of these differences. Responses were analysed by statistical and thematic analysis. While very few differences emerged, there were indications of some distinctions in two areas. Female teachers were more likely to see the potential of CSPE to promote politics to encourage social responsibility and were more likely to promote greater student participation. Male teachers, on the other hand, focused on teaching a less defined citizenship and seemed to place less emphasis on areas that encourage student participation, such as mock elections, involvement in student council and other school-based activities. Limitations and recommendations are discussed.
Results of the in situ fenestration technique for preservation of the Left subclavian artery in the endovascular repair of acute aortic syndromes in a reference center
Authors: Pinheiro Ribeiro Alves André , da Costa Cettolin Queise , dos Santos Domingues Gustavo , dos Santos Humberto Álvaro Gonçalves , Sampaio Renata Caires , Aquino Mauricio de Amorim
Published: February 2023

Introduction

The in situ fenestration (ISF) technique consists of maintaining the patency of the aortic branch after the endoprosthesis is already in place as a viable, effective, and fast-performing alternative to revascularize the aortic arch arteries.

Objective

To report the experience with a series of cases of endovascular treatment of Acute Aortic Syndromes involving the aortic arch, using the ISF technique in a specialized center.

Methods

We analyzed data collected from patients treated with ISF during TEVAR for Acute Aortic Syndromes involving the aortic arch from June 2020 to January 2022, assessing perioperative outcomes, including immediate and late success rates, complications, morbidity and mortality, and short and medium term aortic branch patency.

Results

Of the 11 patients eligible for the ISF procedure, 9 were successful, with a technical success rate of 81%. No patient had a type 1A endoleak related to fenestration. There was complete thrombosis of the false lumen in the thoracic aorta in 77% cases. No death was related to the fenestration technique.

Conclusion

ISF as feasible and with a high rate of technical success and good results in the short and medium term. Prospective studies with long-term clinical follow-up are still needed to fully assess the durability of these unreinforced fenestrations.
Ten-year trends in sex differences in cardiovascular risk factors, in-hospital management, and outcomes of ischemic stroke in China: Analyses of a nationwide serial cross-sectional survey from 2005 to 2015
Authors: Gu Hong-Qiu , Wang Chun-Juan , Zhang Xin-Miao , Jiang Yong , Li Hao , Meng Xia , Yang Xin , Liu Li-Ping , Zhao Xing-Quan , Wang Yi-Long , Wang Yong-Jun , Li Zi-Xiao
Published: February 2023

Background:

Women with stroke differ from men in terms of risk factors, treatment, and outcomes. However, previous inconsistent results in China hampered the development of tailored sex-specific strategies for ischemic stroke management. We performed a nationwide serial cross-sectional survey to obtain national-level estimates to assess the 10-year trends in sex differences in cardiovascular risk factors, in-hospital management, and outcomes in China from 2005 to 2015.

Methods:

We used a two-stage random sampling design, economic-geographical region-stratified random sampling for hospitals first and then systematic sampling for patients, to obtain a nationally representative sample of ischemic strokes in China in 2005, 2010, and 2015. We extracted data on clinical characteristics, management measures (diagnostic tests, interventions, and secondary prevention treatments), in-hospital outcomes (all-cause in-hospital mortality, discharge against medical advice [DAMA], and a composite outcome of in-hospital death and DAMA), and comorbidities. We applied weights proportional to the inverse sampling fraction of hospitals within each stratum and the inverse sampling fraction of patients within each hospital.

Results:

A total of 26,900 ischemic stroke admissions were analyzed. Compared to men, women had a much lower prevalence of current smokers and a slightly higher prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and atrial fibrillation at admission. Prevalence differences between sex in these cardiovascular risk factors were stable except for atrial fibrillation (decreased from 3.7% [95% CI: 1.8% to 5.7%] to 1.3% [95% CI: 0.5% to 2.0%]) and current smoker (increased from −18.0 [95% CI: –20.2% to –15.9%] to –25.6% [95% CI: –26.6% to –24.6%]). From 2005 to 2015, in-hospital management and outcomes were improved both for women and men, and sex differences in cerebrovascular assessment, cervical vessels assessment, and transthoracic echocardiography/transesophageal echocardiography were improved as well. However, women increased more slowly than men in the administration of clopidogrel (from 0.3% [95% CI: −0.9% to 1.4%) to −7.3% [95% CI: −8.7% to −6.0%]) and aspirin plus clopidogrel (0.3% [95% CI: −5.0% to 1.1%] to −5.0% [95% CI: −6.2% to −3.9%]).

Conclusion:

Compared to men, women patients with ischemic stroke had a steadily higher prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, a slower increase rate in the administration of key secondary prevention drugs, and comparable in-hospital outcomes. More effort should be paid to the treatment and control of cardiovascular risk factors and also to the prescription of antiplatelets at discharge for women.
Queering memory: Toward re-membering otherwise
Authors: Dragojlovic Ana , Quinan CL
Published: February 2023

This editorial introduction provides a theoretical framework for analyzing relationships between gender, sexuality, and memory. Using the concept of queering memory, the special issue proposes queering memory as a practice of innovative and generative history-making that has the capacity to reorder time and memory. The contributions collected in this special issue take up the notions of “queer” and “queering” in their multiple forms, not only in reference to gender and sexuality but also as disordered, non-normative, and subversive potentialities that unsettle power relations. Building on this approach, the contributions engage with art, archives, museums, television, performance, philosophy, and cultural artifacts to explore how queering memory can serve as a strategy for building alternative narratives that impact which memories are privileged and which are hidden or silenced.
My autobiography of Reed Erickson, or, how to re-member a ghost
Authors: Cerankowski KJ
Published: February 2023

Transgender philanthropist Reed Erickson has gained the renewed attention of trans historians as more of his papers become available in multiple archives. While other scholars set out to piece together the life story of this leopard-owning, four-times married, fugitive multi-millionaire who invested substantial money and energy into improving gender-affirming healthcare, I take a different approach to the Erickson archive. Rooted in affect studies, archive studies, and trans/queer theories, this essay plays with fabrication and fabulation to produce not a straightforward history, but rather, an embodied encounter with the material afterlife held within the archive. Pivoting around an engagement with the Erickson family bible, this essay embarks on a trans-temporal figuring of matter and body in order to re-member the fractured ghosts of (trans)history’s past, present, and future hauntings.
Transmission of Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction Between Parents and Adolescents: The Critical Role of Parental Perceptions
Authors: Kurdi Vanessa , Fukuzumi Noriaki , Ishii Ryo , Tamura Ayame , Nakazato Naoki , Ohtani Kazuhiro , Ishikawa Shin-ichi , Suzuki Takashi , Sakaki Michiko , Murayama Kou , Tanaka Ayumi
Published: February 2023

Although studies have documented the importance of basic psychological need satisfaction in parent–child relationships, a gap remains in understanding how parent and adolescent need satisfaction are associated. Using two longitudinal intergenerational data sets (200 parent–adolescent dyads and 408 mother–adolescent dyads; two waves), we examined whether (a) parents’ need satisfaction predicts adolescents’ need satisfaction (parental needs effect), (b) adolescents’ need satisfaction predicts parents’ need satisfaction (child’s needs effect), and (c) parental perception of adolescent’s need satisfaction predicts adolescents’ need satisfaction (parental perception effect). Findings from cross-lagged path models analogous to actor–partner interdependence models only supported parental perception effects: Parents’ T1 perception of their adolescent’s need satisfaction predicted their adolescent’s T2 self-reported need satisfaction, especially for autonomy and competence needs. Findings highlight the importance of parents’ perceptions, which may benefit the design of new interventions for basic psychological needs.
AngioJet rheolytic thrombectomy for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis in elderly patients: Increase the risk of acute kidney injury?
Authors: Gong Maofeng , Fu Guanqi , Liu Zhengli , Zhou Yangyi , Zhao Boxiang , Kong Jie , He Xu , Gu Jianping
Published: February 2023

Objective

The objective of this study was to investigate the risk of acute kidney injury in elderly patients compared with nonelderly patients undergoing AngioJet rheolytic thrombectomy for treatment of acute deep vein thrombosis.

Methods

A retrospective review of all patients who underwent AngioJet rheolytic thrombectomy for the treatment of acute deep vein thrombosis between November 1, 2014 and August 1, 2022 was conducted. Their baseline demographics, comorbidities, clinical characteristics, procedural details, and postoperative course were reviewed.

Results

A total of 105 eligible patients were reviewed; 45 patients were in the elderly group, and 60 were in the nonelderly group. Except for age ( p  < 0.001), no significant differences regarding demographics were detected ( p >0.05). Transient macroscopic hemoglobinuria occurred in all patients during the first 24 h post-AngioJet rheolytic thrombectomy. The overall morbidity of acute kidney injury in the two groups was 11.4%, and the nonelderly group had a similar rate of acute kidney injury (8.3%) to the elderly group (15.6%). None of the 12 patients progressed to dialysis within the postoperative period, and the mean acute kidney injury recovery time of the elderly group was 5.86 ± 1.57 days, which was longer than the 3.60 ± .89 days of the nonelderly group ( p = 0.017).

Conclusion

The use of AngioJet rheolytic thrombectomy for the treatment of patients with acute deep vein thrombosis is associated with a potential risk of acute kidney injury, which seems to have a comparable rate in elderly and nonelderly patients. acute kidney injury in the elderly group tends to need a longer recovery time, which requires postoperative vigilance for this population.
Sensitivity and specificity for detecting pseudotumors in patients with hip resurfacing arthroplasty, metal-on-metal or metal-on-polyethylene total hip arthroplasty—MRI versus ultrasonography performed by an orthopedic surgery resident
Authors: Mikkelsen Rasmus T , Schou Martin , Torfing Trine , Graumann Ole , Overgaard Søren , Varnum Claus
Published: February 2023

Background

Metal artifact reduction sequence magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan is a common method to detect adverse reaction to metal debris in total hip arthroplasty (THA). It might be quicker and cheaper if ultrasonography (US) could screen for the need for an MRI. However, both require trained personnel.

Purpose

We aimed to investigate the sensitivity and specificity of US for detecting pseudotumors (PT) when performed by an orthopedic surgery resident compared to MRI. We also investigated the sensitivity and specificity of US to detect PTs in obese and non-obese patients.

Material and methods

We examined 205 patients with hip resurfacing arthroplasty, metal-on-metal or metal-on-polyethylene THA with both MRI and US. US was performed by an orthopedic surgery resident who was trained according to a standardized training program in musculoskeletal US. Results from MRI were used as gold standard.

Results

US had a sensitivity of 0.92 (95% CI 0.81–0.98) and specificity of 0.94 (95% CI 0.89–0.97) for detecting PT. It had a positive predictive value of 0.84 (95% CI 0.73–0.91) and a negative predictive value of 0.97 (95% CI 0.93–0.99). US performed similarly in obese and non-obese patients.

Conclusions

US had a high sensitivity and specificity for detecting PT when performed by an orthopedic surgery resident. Trained orthopedic surgeons could screen for the need of an MRI scan when searching PTs.
Determining Prior Authorization Approval for Lumbar Stenosis Surgery With Machine Learning
Authors: De Barros Amaury , Abel Frederik , Kolisnyk Serhii , Geraci Gaspere C. , Hill Fred , Engrav Mary , Samavedi Sundara , Suldina Olga , Kim Jack , Rusakov Andrej , Lebl Darren R. , Mourad Raphael
Published: February 2023

Study Design

Medical vignettes.

Objectives

Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a degenerative condition with a high prevalence in the elderly population, that is associated with a significant economic burden and often requires spinal surgery. Prior authorization of surgical candidates is required before patients can be covered by a health plan and must be approved by medical directors (MDs), which is often subjective and clinician specific. In this study, we hypothesized that the prediction accuracy of machine learning (ML) methods regarding surgical candidates is comparable to that of a panel of MDs.

Methods

Based on patient demographic factors, previous therapeutic history, symptoms and physical examinations and imaging findings, we propose an ML which computes the probability of spinal surgical recommendations for LSS. The model implements a random forest model trained from medical vignette data reviewed by MDs. Sets of 400 and 100 medical vignettes reviewed by MDs were used for training and testing.

Results

The predictive accuracy of the machine learning model was with a root mean square error (RMSE) between model predictions and ground truth of .1123, while the average RMSE between individual MD’s recommendations and ground truth was .2661. For binary classification, the AUROC and Cohen’s kappa were .959 and .801, while the corresponding average metrics based on individual MD’s recommendations were .844 and .564, respectively.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that ML can be used to automate prior authorization approval of surgery for LSS with performance comparable to a panel of MDs.
Reliability and Validity of the German Version of the AO Spine Patient Reported Outcome Spine Trauma Questionnaire
Authors: Häckel Sonja , Oswald Katharina A. C. , Koller Leonie , Benneker Lorin M. , Benneker Layla A. , Sadiqi Said , Oner F. Cumhur , Deml Moritz C.
Published: February 2023

Study Design

A single-center validation study.

Objective

To translate and cross-culturally adapt the AO Spine PROST (Patient Reported Outcome Spine Trauma) into German, and to test its psychometric properties among German-speaking Swiss spine trauma patients.

Methods

Patients were recruited from a level-1 Swiss trauma center. Next to the AO Spine PROST, the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire was used for concurrent validity. Questionnaires were filled out at two-time points for test-retest reliability. Patient characteristics were analyzed using descriptive statistics. For content validity, floor, and ceiling effects, as well as any irrelevant and missing questions were analyzed. Construct validity of the AO Spine PROST questionnaire to the EQ-5D-3L was tested using Spearman correlation tests.

Results

The AOSpine PROST was translated and adapted into German using established guidelines. We included 179 patients. The floor effect for all items was well within the optimal range (below 15%), while the ceiling effect of seven items was within the optimal range. None of the items displayed a problematic floor or ceiling effect. The overall test-retest reliability of the total PROST score was excellent, with an ICC of .83 (95% CI .69-.91). The Spearman correlation coefficient between the total PROST summary score and EQ-5D-3 L was ρ = .63.

Conclusions

The German version of the AO Spine PROST questionnaire demonstrated very good validity and reliability results.
Cardiotoxicity in autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for systemic sclerosis
Authors: Penglase Ross , Girgis Laila , Englert Helen , Brennan Xavier , Jabbour Andrew , Kotlyar Eugene , Ma David , Moore John
Published: February 2023

Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation is now well-established as an effective treatment for severe systemic sclerosis with clear demonstration of favourable end-organ and survival outcomes. Treatment-related cardiotoxicity remains the predominant safety concern and contraindicates autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with severe cardiopulmonary disease. In this review, we describe the cardiovascular outcomes of autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients, discuss the potential mechanisms of cardiotoxicity and propose future mitigating strategies.
Connecting Behavioral Health Specialists With Schools: Adapting a Telementoring Series During COVID-19
Authors: Zhang E , Bellinger Skylar , Swails Leni , Punt Stephanie , Tepper Katy , Nelson Eve-Lynn
Published: February 2023

To address the daunting behavioral and mental health needs of Kansas’ rural and underserved communities, Telehealth ROCKS (Rural Outreach for the Children of Kansas) Schools project partnered with school-based health centers, school districts, and special education cooperatives to provide a range of telebehavioral health intervention services and teletraining. This project used the Project Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) telementoring framework to connect specialty providers with school/community providers for web-based continuing education and case consultation to support students with special education needs. Our team created the Function Friday for Better Behavior ECHO series to address challenging behaviors in schools, based on the concept of functional behavior assessment and function-based treatment. Part of the ECHO series came into being after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. This article describes how our ECHO series provided an effective mechanism for supporting school and community providers during the pandemic, and participating educators utilized skills as they transitioned from onsite education to the virtual learning environment with students.
Splenectomy improves erythrocyte functionality in spherocytosis based on septin abundance, but not maturation defects
Authors: Cloos Anne-Sophie , Pollet Hélène , Stommen Amaury , Maja Mauriane , Lingurski Maxime , Brichard Bénédicte , Lambert Catherine , Henriet Patrick , Pierreux Christophe , Pyr dit Ruys Sébastien , Van Der Smissen Patrick , Vikkula Miikka , Gatto Laurent , Martin Manon , Brouillard Pascal , Vertommen Didier , Tyteca Donatienne
Published: February 2023

Splenectomy improves the clinical parameters of patients with hereditary spherocytosis, but its potential benefit to red blood cell (RBC) functionality and the mechanism behind this benefit remain largely overlooked. Here, we compared 7 nonsplenectomized and 13 splenectomized patients with mutations in the β-spectrin or the ankyrin gene. We showed that hematological parameters, spherocyte abundance, osmotic fragility, intracellular calcium, and extracellular vesicle release were largely but not completely restored by splenectomy, whereas cryohemolysis was not. Affected RBCs exhibited decreases in β-spectrin and/or ankyrin contents and slight alterations in spectrin membrane distribution, depending on the mutation. These modifications were found in both splenectomized and nonsplenectomized patients and poorly correlated with RBC functionality alteration, suggesting additional impairments. Accordingly, we found an increased abundance of septins, small guanosine triphosphate–binding cytoskeletal proteins. Septins-2, -7, and -8 but not -11 were less abundant upon splenectomy and correlated with the disease severity. Septin-2 membrane association was confirmed by immunolabeling. Except for cryohemolysis, all parameters of RBC morphology and functionality correlated with septin abundance. The increased septin content might result from RBC maturation defects, as evidenced by (1) the decreased protein 4.2 and Rh-associated glycoprotein content in all patient RBCs, (2) increased endoplasmic reticulum remnants and endocytosis proteins in nonsplenectomized patients, and (3) increased lysosomal and mitochondrial remnants in splenectomized patients. Our study paves the way for a better understanding of the involvement of septins in RBC membrane biophysical properties. In addition, the lack of restoration of septin-independent cryohemolysis by splenectomy may call into question its recommendation in specific cases.
A novel comorbidity score for older adults with non-Hodgkin lymphoma: the 3-factor risk estimate scale
Authors: Gordon Max J. , Duan Zhigang , Zhao Hui , Nastoupil Loretta , Ferrajoli Alessandra , Danilov Alexey V. , Giordano Sharon H.
Published: February 2023

For patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), formal comorbidity assessment is recommended but is rarely conducted in routine practice. A simple, validated measure of comorbidities that standardizes their assessment could improve adherence to guidelines. We previously constructed the 3-factor risk estimate scale (TRES) among patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Here, we investigated TRES in multiple NHL subtypes. In the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results–Medicare database, patients with NHL diagnosed from 2008 to 2017 were included. Upper gastrointestinal, endocrine, and vascular comorbidities were identified using ICD-9/ICD-10 codes to assign TRES scores. Patient characteristic distributions were compared using χ2 or t test. Association of mortality and TRES score was assessed using Kaplan-Meier and multivariable Cox regression model for competing risk. A total of 40 486 patients were included in the study. Median age was 77 years (interquartile range [IQR], 71-83 years). The most frequent NHL subtypes were CLL (28.2%), diffuse large B-cell (27.6%), and follicular lymphoma (12.6%). Median follow-up was 33 months (IQR, 13-60 months). TRES was low, intermediate, and high in 40.8%, 37.0%, and 22.2% of patients, corresponding to median overall survival (OS) of 8.2, 5.3, and 2.9 years (P < .001), respectively. TRES was associated with OS in all NHL subtypes. In multivariable models, TRES was associated with inferior OS and NHL-specific survival. TRES is clinically translatable and associated with OS and lymphoma-specific survival in older adults with NHL.
The world of rare interstitial lung diseases
Authors: Buschulte Katharina , Cottin Vincent , Wijsenbeek Marlies , Kreuter Michael , Diesler Rémi
Published: February 2023

The world of rare interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) is diverse and complex. Diagnosis and therapy usually pose challenges. This review describes a selection of rare and ultrarare ILDs including pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis and pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis. In addition, monogenic ILDs or ILDs in congenital syndromes and various multiple cystic lung diseases will be discussed. All these conditions are part of the scope of the European Reference Network on rare respiratory diseases (ERN-LUNG). Epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnostics and treatment of each disease are presented.
Stress-Induced Deformation of Thin Copper Substrate in Double-Sided Lapping
Authors: Guo Jiang , He Zengxu , Pan Bo , Wang Bin , Bai Qian , Kong Jinxing , Kang Renke
Published: February 2023

Double-sided lapping is an precision machining method capable of obtaining high-precision surface. However, during the lapping process of thin pure copper substrate, the workpiece will be warped due to the influence of residual stress, including the machining stress and initial residual stress, which will deteriorate the flatness of the workpiece and ultimately affect the performance of components. In this study, finite element method (FEM) was adopted to study the effect of residual stress-related on the deformation of pure copper substrate during double-sided lapping. Considering the initial residual stress of the workpiece, the stress caused by the lapping and their distribution characteristics, a prediction model was proposed for simulating workpiece machining deformation in lapping process by measuring the material removal rate of the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece under the corresponding parameters. The results showed that the primary cause of the warping deformation of the workpiece in the double-sided lapping is the redistribution of initial residual stress caused by uneven material removal on the both surfaces. The finite element simulation results were in good agreement with the experimental results.
Scalable synthesis of BiVO4 thin films via anodic plating and thermal calcination
Authors: Jiang Haoyang , Xiao Yongcheng , Zhong Miao
Published: February 2023

Fabrication of high-quality semiconductor thin films has long been a subject of keen interest in the photocatalytic field. Here, we report a facile, solution-based anodic plating and calcination for large-scale synthesis of BiVO4 thin films on indium tin oxide coated glass for use as photoanodes in solar water splitting. Using Na2SO3 as a sacrificial reagent, continuous solar H2 production with 94% Faradaic efficiency was obtained over 6 h of photoelectrochemical water splitting.
Diagnosis delay a family of Galloway-Mowat Syndrome caused by a classical splicing mutation of Lage3
Authors: Chen Yan , Yang Yan , Yang Yang , Rao Jia , Bai Haitao
Published: February 2023

Background

Galloway-Mowat syndrome (GAMOS) is a group of rare hereditary diseases by the combination of early onset steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) and microcephaly with brain anomalies caused by WDR73, LAGE3, OSGEP, TP53RK, TPRKB, GON7, WDR4 or NUP133 mutations.

Case presentation

We present the clinical and genetic features of a two-year-old boy with early nephrotic syndrome, microcephaly, growth retardation hypotonia and hypothyroidism. Genetic testing showed the presence of a canonical-splice mutation in the LAGE3 gene (NM_006014: c.188 + 1C > T). A total of nine female members of the family carried the variant. Seven male members died prematurely, and three of them suffered from nephrotic syndrome, which is consistent with the x-linked gene map of the disease. The overall symptoms of the disease due to the LAGE3 mutation were mild compared to other pathogenic genes.

Conclusion

As far as we know, this is the largest family case of GAMOS2 caused by LAGE3 mutation found so far. We also compared other subtypes of GAMOS. Due to the heterogeneity of the renal phenotype, regular proteinuria screening is recommended for all patients diagnosed with GAMOS.
Parental survey of the sleep patterns and screen time in US school children during the first 6 months of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Hassinger Amanda B. , Monegro Alberto , Perez Geovanny
Published: February 2023

Background

This study compared sleep duration, screen exposure and sleep quality in school-aged children before COVID-19 to that during school closures and again when schools re-opened in fall 2020.

Methods

Cross-sectional anonymous, online survey of parents of children 5–13 years old. Questions elicited information about sleep timing and quality, screen time, and schooling at three distinct periods: before the pandemic, when schools first closed and then re-opened in the fall.

Results

Respondents described 101 children who were an average of 8.5 years old and 51% male. In lockdown, children slept 25 min more (95%CI 00:13–00:38) due to later wake times (75 min, 95% CI 0:57–1:34) with later bedtimes (29 min, 95%CI 0:00–0:58). When schools re-opened, sleep duration returned to pre-pandemic levels, but sleep onset and offset times remained later. Despite more sleep, sleep quality and habits (e.g. bedtime refusal) worsened during lockdown and did not normalize in fall 2020. During lockdown, screen time increased in 65% of all children, and 96% of those in private schools. When schools reopened, 78% of children in hybrid/virtual learning had more than 4 h of screen exposure daily. Less screen time was associated with twofold higher odds of better sleep (OR 2.66, 95%CI 1.15–6.14).

Conclusions

Although school-aged children had more total sleep when schools were closed, sleep quality and habits worsened. Upon return to school, sleep times and quality did not normalize and were linked to screen time.
Associations of parental attitudes and health behaviors with children’s screen time over four years
Authors: Xie Qian-Wen , Chen Roujia , Zhou Xudong
Published: February 2023

Background

Parents are significantly important in shaping the screen use of children within a family system. This study aimed to examine the associations of Chinese children’s screen time (ST) over four years with parents’ attitudes toward their own screen use and physical activities (PA) and health behaviors including their ST, PA, cigarette smoking, and alcohol drinking.

Methods

The current study utilized data from two waves (2011 and 2015) of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), including 1,941 mother-father-child triads in 2011 and 2,707 mother-father-child triads in 2015 (with children aged 0-17-years-old). The ST of children and the parental attitudes and health behaviors were measured via self-report or proxy-report (for children under 6 years old) questionnaires. Pool-OLS regression models were used to assess the associations of parental attitudes and health behaviors with the ST of children. Moderation models were built to assess whether these associations depended on the gender, age, and family income of children, as well as whether paternal and maternal influences were moderated by the other parent. A multilevel cross-lagged panel model (CLPM) was used to assess parental influences on children’s ST over four years.

Results

Paternal ST (β = 0.09, p < 0.001), maternal ST (β = 0.10, p < 0.001), and paternal alcohol drinking (β = 0.30, p < 0.05) were positively associated with children’s ST. In addition, maternal smoking had a positive association with girls’ ST (β = 0.53, p < 0.05). Moreover, the association between maternal ST and children’s ST was observed to decline as family income increased (β = -0.03, p < 0.001). Paternal ST had a larger positive association with children’s ST when the ST of mothers exceeded 14 h/week (β = 0.06, p < 0.05). Furthermore, lagged associations were found between paternal attitudes toward PA (β = -1.63, p < 0.05) or maternal cigarette smoking (β = 1.46, p < 0.05) and children’s ST measured four years later.

Conclusion

Children establish a healthy lifestyle within the family system. From the perspective of the healthy family climate, the current study suggests that future programs for reducing children’s ST should be built through an integrative approach with special attention to parental attitudes and health behaviors.
Outcome of preoperative cefazolin use for infection prophylaxis in patients with self-reported penicillin allergy
Authors: Michaud Laura , Yen Hope H. , Engen Dale A. , Yen David
Published: February 2023

Background

Cephalosporins are the preferred antibiotics for prophylaxis against surgical site infections. Most studies give a rate of combined IgE and non-IgE penicillin allergy yet it is recommended that cephalosporins be avoided in patients having the former but can be used in those with the latter. Some studies use penicillin allergy while others penicillin family allergy rates. The primary goal of this study was to determine the rates of IgE and non-IgE allergy as well as cross reactions to both penicillin and the penicillin family. Secondary goals were to determine the surgical services giving preoperative cefazolin and the types of self reported reactions that patients’ had to penicillin prompting their allergy status.

Methods

All patients undergoing elective and emergency surgery at a University Health Sciences Centre were retrospectively studied. The hospital electronic medical record was used for data collection.

Results

8.9% of our patients reported non-IgE reactions to penicillin with a cross reactivity rate of 0.9% with cefazolin. 4.0% of our patients reported IgE reactions to penicillin with a cross reactivity rate of 4.0% with cefazolin. 10.5% of our patients reported non-IgE reactions to the penicillin family with a cross reactivity rate of 0.8% with cefazolin. 4.3% of our patients reported IgE reactions to the penicillin family with a cross reactivity rate of 4.0% with cefazolin.

Conclusions

Our rate of combined IgE and non-IgE reactions for both penicillin and penicillin family allergy was within the range reported in the literature. Our rate of cross reactivity between cefazolin and combined IgE and non-IgE allergy both to penicillin and the penicillin family were lower than reported in the old literature but within the range of the newer literature. We found a lower rate of allergic reaction to a cephalosporin than reported in the literature. We documented a wide range of IgE and non-IgE reactions. We also demonstrated that cefazolin is frequently the preferred antibiotics for prophylaxis against surgical site infections by many surgical services and that de-labelling patients with penicillin allergy is unnecessary.
Disrupted mana and systemic abdication: Māori qualitative experiences accessing healthcare in the 12 years post-injury
Authors: Bourke John A. , Owen Helen E. , Derrett Sarah , Wyeth Emma H.
Published: February 2023

Background

Māori have been found to experience marked health inequities compared to non-Māori, including for injury. Accessing healthcare services post-injury can improve outcomes; however, longer-term experiences of healthcare access for injured Māori are unknown. This paper reports on data from the longitudinal Prospective Outcomes of Injury Study – 10 year follow up (POIS-10) Māori study in Aotearoa/New Zealand (NZ), to qualitatively understand Māori experiences of accessing injury-related healthcare services long-term.

Methods

Follow-up telephone interviews were conducted with 305 POIS-10 Māori participants, who were injured and recruited 12-years earlier, experiencing a range of injury types and severities. Free text responses about trouble accessing injury-related health services were thematically analysed.

Results

Sixty-one participants (20%) reported trouble accessing injury-related health services and provided free text responses. Three related themes describing participants’ experiences were connected by the overarching concept that participants were engaging with a system that was not operating in a way it was intended to work: 1) Competing responsibilities and commitments encapsulates practical barriers to accessing services, such as a lack of time and having to prioritise other responsibilities such as work or whānau (family); 2) Disrupted mana refers to the feelings of personal disempowerment through, for example, receiving limited support, care or information tailored to participants’ circumstances and is a consequence of patients contending with the practical barriers to accessing services; and 3) Systemic abdication highlights systemic barriers including conflicting information regarding diagnoses and treatment plans, and healthcare provider distrust of participants.

Conclusions

Twelve years post-injury, a considerable proportion of Māori reported experiencing barriers to accessing healthcare services. To restore a sense of manaakitanga and improve Māori access to healthcare, Māori-specific supports are required and systemic barriers must be addressed and removed.