bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cardiac MR modelling of systolic and diastolic blood pressure
Authors: Assadi Hosamadin , Matthews Gareth , Zhao Xiaodan , Li Rui , Alabed Samer , Grafton-Clarke Ciaran , Mehmood Zia , Kasmai Bahman , Limbachia Vaishali , Gosling Rebecca , Yashoda Gurung-Koney , Halliday Ian , Swoboda Peter , Ripley David Paul , Zhong Liang , Vassiliou Vassilios S , Swift Andrew J , Geest Rob J van der , Garg Pankaj
Published: December 2023

Aims

Blood pressure (BP) is a crucial factor in cardiovascular health and can affect cardiac imaging assessments. However, standard outpatient cardiovascular MR (CMR) imaging procedures do not typically include BP measurements prior to image acquisition. This study proposes that brachial systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) can be modelled using patient characteristics and CMR data.

Methods

In this multicentre study, 57 patients from the PREFER-CMR registry and 163 patients from other registries were used as the derivation cohort. All subjects had their brachial SBP and DBP measured using a sphygmomanometer. Multivariate linear regression analysis was applied to predict brachial BP. The model was subsequently validated in a cohort of 169 healthy individuals.

Results

Age and left ventricular ejection fraction were associated with SBP. Aortic forward flow, body surface area and left ventricular mass index were associated with DBP. When applied to the validation cohort, the correlation coefficient between CMR-derived SBP and brachial SBP was (r=0.16, 95% CI 0.011 to 0.305, p=0.03), and CMR-derived DBP and brachial DBP was (r=0.27, 95% CI 0.122 to 0.403, p=0.0004). The area under the curve (AUC) for CMR-derived SBP to predict SBP>120 mmHg was 0.59, p=0.038. Moreover, CMR-derived DBP to predict DBP>80 mmHg had an AUC of 0.64, p=0.002.

Conclusion

CMR-derived SBP and DBP models can estimate brachial SBP and DBP. Such models may allow efficient prospective collection, as well as retrospective estimation of BP, which should be incorporated into assessments due to its critical effect on load-dependent parameters.
Influence of sex on the persistence of different classes of targeted therapies for psoriatic arthritis: a cohort study of 14 778 patients from the French health insurance database (SNDS)
Authors: Pina Vegas Laura , Penso Laetitia , Sbidian Emilie , Claudepierre Pascal
Published: December 2023

Background

Sex differences in phenotype presentation, disease trajectory and treatment response in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) have been reported. Nevertheless, whether classes of targeted therapies differentially affect men and women with PsA remains unclear.

Objectives

To assess the effect of sex on the long-term persistence of each class of targeted therapies in PsA.

Methods

This nationwide cohort study involved the administrative healthcare database of the French health insurance scheme linked to the hospital discharge database. We included all adults with PsA who were new users of targeted therapies (not in the year before the index date) during 2015–2021 and studied all treatment lines during the study period. Persistence was defined as the time from treatment initiation to discontinuation and was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Comparison of persistence by sex involved multivariate frailty models with conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and prednisone as time-dependant variables.

Results

We included 14 778 patients with PsA who were new users of targeted therapies: 8475 (57%) women (mean age 50±13 years; 15 831 lines), 6303 (43%) men (mean age 51±13 years; 10 488 lines). Overall, 1-year persistence was 52% for women and 62% for men and at 3 years it was 27% and 39%, respectively. After adjustments, persistence was lower for women than men for inhibitors of tumour necrosis factor (TNFi) (adjusted HR (HRa) 1.4, 99% CI 1.3 to 1.5) and interleukin 17 inhibitor (IL17i) (HRa1.2, 99% CI 1.1 to 1.3) but not IL12/23i (HRa1.1, 99% CI 0.9 to 1.3), IL23i (HRa1.1, 99% CI 0.7 to 1.5) or Janus kinase inhibitor (JAKi) (HRa1.2, 99% CI 0.9 to 1.6).

Conclusion

The treatment persistence was lower for women than men for TNFi and IL17i but not for IL12/23i, IL23i or JAKi.
The “green” use of fluorocarbons in Cherenkov detectors and silicon tracker cooling systems: challenges and opportunities in an unfolding era of alternatives
Authors: Hallewell G. D.
Published: December 2023

Saturated fluorocarbons (SFCs) of form CnF(2n+2) are chosen for their optical properties as Cherenkov radiators, with C4F10 and CF4 currently used at CERN in the COMPASS and LHCb ring imaging Cherenkov detectors. Their non-conductivity, non-flammability and radiation-resistance also make SFCs ideal coolants: C6F14 liquid cooling is used in all LHC experiments, while C3F8 is used for the evaporative cooling of TOTEM and the ATLAS silicon tracker. These fluids, however, have high global warming potentials (5000–10000*GWPCO2), and represented around 36% of CERN’s CO2-equivalent emissions in 2018. There is thus an impetus to reduce their use, losses in purification and wastage through leaks, through improved monitoring and closed circulation system design. Newer spur-oxygenated fluoro-ketones, for example from the 3 M NOVEC® range, with CnF2nO structures, can offer similar performance to SFCs with but with very low, or zero GWP. Although these fluids do not yet exist in large quantities over the full CnF2 “matrix” the radiation tolerance and thermal performance of NOVEC 649 (C6F12O) was sufficiently promising for it to be chosen as a C6F14 replacement for cooling silicon photomultipliers. Additionally, subject to optical testing, NOVEC 5110 (C5F10O) could (if blended with nitrogen) replace both C4F10 and CF4 in Cherenkov detectors. Lighter molecules (for example C2F4O, with similar thermodynamics to C2F6)—if and when available in industrial quantities—might allow lower temperature operation than evaporative CO2 in future silicon trackers operated at very high luminosity. Ultrasonic gas mixture analysis is very sensitive to concentration changes of a heavy vapour in a light carrier, and is used—in the only such fluorocarbon coolant leak monitoring system operating at LHC—for real-time monitoring of C3F8 coolant leaks from the ATLAS pixel and SCT silicon trackers into their nitrogen-flushed environmental volumes. A typical C3F8 sensitivity of better than 10−5 is achieved. Advanced new ultrasonic algorithms allow measurement of the concentrations of a pair of gases of particular interest on top of a varying known baseline of other gases. The technique is thus of considerable value in leak monitoring and could be used to blend fluoro-ketones with nitrogen or argon to reduce the GWP “load” of large volume atmospheric pressure gas Cherenkov radiators without the recourse to higher-pressure noble gas approaches. This paper outlines an approach to GWP reduction with fluoro-ketone fluids and the blending of heritage SFCs or fluoro-ketones with lighter gases using ultrasonic monitoring and control. Possible avenues for the use of fluoro-ketones in liquid phase and evaporative cooling of silicon trackers are discussed.
On the Impact of Showing Evidence from Peers in Crowdsourced Truthfulness Assessments
Authors: Xu Jiechen , Han Lei , Sadiq Shazia , Demartini Gianluca
Published: December 2023

Misinformation has been rapidly spreading online. The common approach to dealing with it is deploying expert fact-checkers who follow forensic processes to identify the veracity of statements. Unfortunately, such an approach does not scale well. To deal with this, crowdsourcing has been looked at as an opportunity to complement the work done by trained journalists. In this article, we look at the effect of presenting the crowd with evidence from others while judging the veracity of statements. We implement variants of the judgment task design to understand whether and how the presented evidence may or may not affect the way crowd workers judge truthfulness and their performance. Our results show that, in certain cases, the presented evidence and the way in which it is presented may mislead crowd workers who would otherwise be more accurate if judging independently from others. Those who make appropriate use of the provided evidence, however, can benefit from it and generate better judgments.
Spacelord
: Private and Secure Smart Space Sharing
Authors: Bae Yechan , Banerjee Sarbartha , Lee Sangho , Peinado Marcus
Published: December 2023

Space sharing services like vacation rentals and meeting rooms are being equipped with smart devices such as cameras, door locks and many other sensors. However, the sharing of such devices poses privacy and security problems, as there is typically no clear control transfer between owners and users. In this article, we propose
Spacelord
, a system to time-share smart devices contained in a shared space privately and securely while allowing users to configure them. When a user stays at a space,
Spacelord
ensures that the smart devices contained in it run code and configurations the user trusts while removing pre-installed code and configurations. When the user leaves the space,
Spacelord
reverts any changes the user has introduced to the smart devices, deletes any remaining private data and lets the owner take back control over the devices. We evaluate
Spacelord
for two realistic space-sharing cases—smart home and coworking meeting room—and observe smart space provisioning delays of ~82sacross three different platforms. Moreover, the average runtime overhead of our system varies from 7.8% to 11.8% across different hub hardware, running native applications.
Key Distribution and Authentication Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey
Authors: Szymoniak Sabina
Published: December 2023

We use sensor technologies in many areas of everyday life. We use sensors to check and study various phenomena and to improve our lives. Hence, the sensors are used in medicine, industry, sports, and many other aspects of everyday life. Interconnected sensors and other wireless devices and servers form Wireless Sensor Networks. During communication between the nodes of such networks, we often send private and sensitive data. These data should be properly secured. Securing communication in a Wireless Sensor Network mainly affects the reconciliation and distribution of session keys and authentication. Specially designed protocols must protect both methods. In turn, the protocols may be exposed to dishonest users of such networks and thus exposed to various attacks (for example, replay attacks and smart card stolen attacks). This article surveys the existing session key negotiation, distribution, and authentication protocols. We will explain the security problems and threats to which the sensor networks are exposed. We will discuss the security levels implemented by the protocols currently used in sensor networks. We will analyze the challenges and requirements faced by the newly designed protocols.
Enhanced Fuzzy Clustering for Incomplete Instance with Evidence Combination
Authors: Liu Zhe , Letchmunan Sukumar
Published: December 2023

Clustering incomplete instance is still a challenging task since missing values maybe make the cluster information ambiguous, leading to the uncertainty and imprecision in results. This article investigates an enhanced fuzzy clustering with evidence combination method based on Dempster-Shafer theory (DST) to address this problem. First, the dataset is divided into several subsets, and missing values are imputed by neighbors with different weights in each subset. It aims to model missing values locally to reduce the negative impact of the bad estimations. Second, an objective function of enhanced fuzzy clustering is designed and then optimized until the best membership and reliability matrices are found. Each subset has a membership matrix that contains all sub-instances’ membership to different clusters. The fuzzy reliability matrix is employed to characterize the reliability of each subset on different clusters. Third, an adaptive evidence combination rule based on the DST is developed to combine the discounted subresults (memberships) with different reliability to make the final decision for each instance. The proposed method can characterize uncertainty and imprecision by assigning instances to specific clusters or meta-clusters composed of several specific clusters. Once an instance is assigned to a meta-cluster, the cluster information of this instance is (locally) imprecise. The effectiveness of proposed method is demonstrated on several real-world datasets by comparing with existing techniques.
Tracers and Imaging of Fatty Acid and Energy Metabolism of Human Adipose Tissues
Authors: Carpentier André C.
Published: December 2023

White adipose tissue and brown adipose tissue (WAT and BAT) regulate fatty acid metabolism and control lipid fluxes to other organs. Dysfunction of these key metabolic processes contributes to organ insulin resistance and inflammation leading to chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, and cardiovascular diseases. Metabolic tracers combined with molecular imaging methods are powerful tools for the investigation of these pathogenic mechanisms. Herein, I review some of the positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging methods combined with stable isotopic metabolic tracers to investigate fatty acid and energy metabolism, focusing on human WAT and BAT metabolism. I will discuss the complementary strengths offered by these methods for human investigations and current gaps in the field.
Impact of Rural-Urban Differences in Acceptance and Meaning of Life among Breast Cancer Patients in India
Authors: Datta Arunima , Ostwal Shrenik
Published: December 2023

India is a land of unity in diversity and it is not only true about its sociocultural but also holds residential areas too. Rural and urban areas associated with different sociostructural characteristics may contribute variation in behavioural adaptation. We studied the impact of rural-urban differences on the acceptance level and meaning of life among breast cancer patients in India. The present analytical descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted under superspecialty hospital, West Bengal, India. We compared the acceptance capability and meaning in life in breast cancer patients from rural areas (N = 122) and urban areas (N = 99). Patient-reported data concerning selected psychological (acceptance ability and the meaning of life), sociodemographic, and biological factors were collected by using validated tools. To identify the impact of sociocultural variation, descriptive statistics were calculated as the mean ± standard deviation of the score of validated tools based on acceptance and meaning of life. Patients from urban areas perceived meaning of life significantly worse than rural individuals (33.1 ± 2.44 vs. 24.2 ± 1.02). Education (

p
=
<
0.01

), family per capita income (

p
=
0
<
0.01

), and family structure (

p
=
0.004

) factors were evaluated for being predictors of acceptance levels, whereas the educational level (

p
=
<
0.01

) has significantly interacted with the meaning of life among both areas’ patients. Disease acceptance levels were found to be significantly higher in urban area’s patients than rural ones (38.6 ± 1.9 vs. 32.7 ± 1.92). The current study demonstrates that the patients of rural background and low education are more likely than their respective counterparts to have a lower level of acceptance capability and meaning of life.
HMGB2 Deficiency Mitigates Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm by Suppressing Ang-II-Caused Ferroptosis and Inflammation via NF-κβ Pathway
Authors: Wu Hao , Chen Legao , Lu Kaiping , Liu Yi , Lu Weiqin , Jiang Jinsong , Weng Chao
Published: December 2023

Background. Ferroptosis is a new form of cell death, which is closely related to the occurrence of many diseases. Our work focused on the mechanism by which HMGB2 regulate ferroptosis and inflammation in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Methods. Reverse transcription–quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot were utilized to assess HMGB2 levels. CCK-8 and flow cytometry assays were utilized to measure cell viability and apoptosis. We detected reactive oxygen species generation, Fe2+ level, and ferroptosis-related protein levels in Ang-II-treated VSMCs, which were typical characteristics of ferroptosis. Finally, the mice model of AAA was established to verify the function of HMGB2 in vivo. Results. Increased HMGB2 level was observed in Ang-II-treated VSMCs and Ang-II-induced mice model. HMGB2 depletion accelerated viability and impeded apoptosis in Ang-II-irritatived VSMCs. Moreover, HMGB2 deficiency neutralized the increase of ROS in VSMCs caused by Ang-II. HMGB2 silencing considerably weakened Ang-II-caused VSMC ferroptosis, as revealed by the decrease of Fe2+ level and ACSL4 and COX2 levels and the increase in GPX4 and FTH1 levels. Furthermore, the mitigation effects of shHMGB2 on Ang-II-induced VSMC damage could be counteracted by erastin, a ferroptosis agonist. Mechanically, HMGB2 depletion inactivated the NF-κβ signaling in Ang-II-treated VSMCs. Conclusions. Our work demonstrated that inhibition of HMGB2-regulated ferroptosis and inflammation to protect against AAA via NF-κβ signaling, suggesting that HMGB2 may be a potent therapeutic agent for AAA.
The Existence Result for a
p
-Kirchhoff-Type Problem Involving Critical Sobolev Exponent
Authors: Benchira Hayat , Matallah Atika , El Mokhtar Mohammed El Mokhtar Ould , Sabri Khadija
Published: December 2023

In this paper, by using the mountain pass theorem and the concentration compactness principle, we prove the existence of a positive solution for a

p

-Kirchhoff-type problem with critical Sobolev exponent.
Health Service Utilization and Its Determinants among Senior Citizens in the Semiurban Area of Western Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Chhetri Yamuna , Khatri Dhurba , Gahatraj Nand Ram
Published: December 2023

Background. Senior citizens are usually infected by multiple chronic conditions and other health problems. Health needs and demand for healthcare services increase with age. However, healthcare services and facilities and their utilization are limited, particularly in developing countries. Aims. To identify the utilization of health services among senior citizens and their contributing factors. Methods. A cross-sectional analytic study was conducted among 293 senior citizens of the Kushma municipality, Nepal, from June to December 2019. A structured questionnaire was used as a data collection tool using a multistage sampling technique. Face-to-face interviews were conducted to collect data on the interview schedule. Reliability and validity were maintained by applying different strategies and carefully developing tools, pretesting, double entry, and validation. Data entry, management, and analysis were performed using Epi Data and SPSS software. Research ethics were maintained. Descriptive and inferential statistical tests were performed to infer the findings. Results. Study participants had a mean age (±SD) of 70.08 (±7.6) years and had various preexisting chronic diseases such as hypertension (46%), gastritis (41.9%), arthritis (34.3%), and asthma (28.7%). Only eight out of ten senior citizens had used health services in the past year. Factors such as age, ethnicity, residency, household income, family support, the presence of chronic diseases, and being under medication were found to have statistically significant associations with the utilization of health services among senior citizens with a

p

value less than 0.05 and 95% confidence interval. Conclusions. A remarkable proportion of older people reported using health services in the last year. However, a substantial proportion did not utilize health services that require further interventions to enable them. Efforts are required to promote the health and well-being of Nepal’s growing elderly population, including potential enhancements to rural healthcare infrastructure by policymakers.
Correction of Misalignment Errors in the Integrated GNSS and Accelerometer System for Structural Displacement Monitoring
Authors: Qu Xuanyu , Ding Xiaoli , Xu You-Lin , Yu Wenkun
Published: December 2023

Structural health monitoring (SHM) systems are widely deployed to monitor the dynamic behaviors of large civil infrastructures such as bridges and tall buildings. Global Navigation Satellite System- (GNSS-) based technologies are often a key component in such an SHM system considering the unique capability of GNSS in determining real-time displacements. GNSS often integrates with an accelerometer to achieve complementary advantages. However, due to the various error sources in GNSS measurements and accelerometer, accuracies of GNSS and accelerometer fusion results often cannot meet the requirements of SHM. We propose to integrate a multi-antenna GNSS and an accelerometer with an unscented multi-rate Kalman filter (UMRKF-MA) to correct the system misalignment errors between the sensors, aiming to produce a much more accurate real-time displacement measurement technology for monitoring large civil infrastructures. Extensive experiments with datasets gathered using a shaking table have indicated that the proposed method was able to improve the accuracy of real-time displacement measurements by up to about 40–65% compared to some existing approaches, and that a 1 mm level of real-time monitoring of displacements could be achieved with the method. The method has also been applied to process a dataset from a real-world long-span bridge when heavy vehicles passed through the bridge in a loading test and significantly improved results were obtained.
Single-Cell Analyses Reveal Necroptosis’s Potential Role in Neuron Degeneration and Show Enhanced Neuron-Immune Cell Interaction in Parkinson’s Disease Progression
Authors: Zeng Xiaomei , Han Zhifen , Chen Kehan , Zeng Peng , Tang Yidan , Li Lijuan
Published: December 2023

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neuron degenerative disease among the old, characterized by uncontrollable movements and an impaired posture. Although widely investigated on its pathology and treatment, the disease remains incompletely understood. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has been applied to the area of PD, providing valuable data for related research. However, few works have taken deeper insights into the causes of neuron death and cell-cell interaction between the cell types in the brain. Our bioinformatics analyses revealed necroptosis-related genes (NRGs) enrichment in neuron degeneration and selecting the cells by NRGs levels showed two subtypes within the main degenerative cell types in the midbrain. NRG-low subtype was largely replaced by NRG-high subtype in the patients, indicating the striking change of cell state related to necroptosis in PD progression. Moreover, we carried out cell-cell interaction analyses between cell types and found that microglia (MG)’s interaction strength with glutamatergic neuron (GLU), GABAergic neuron (GABA), and dopaminergic neuron (DA) was significantly upregulated in PD. Also, MG show much stronger interaction with NRG-high subtypes and a stronger cell killing function in PD samples. Additionally, we identified CLDN11 as a novel interaction pattern specific to necroptosis neurons and MG. We also found LEF1 and TCF4 as key transcriptional regulators in neuron degeneration. These findings suggest that MG were significantly overactivated in PD patients to clear abnormal neurons, especially the NRG-high cells, explaining the neuron inflammation in PD. Our analyses provide insights into the causes of neuron death and inflammation in PD from single-cell resolution, which could be seriously considered in clinical trials.
Using Appetitive Motivation to Train Mice for Spatial Learning in the Barnes Maze
Authors: Tajti Brigitta Tekla , Yoon Ojin , Ernyey Aliz Judit , Gáspár Attila , Varga Bence Tamás , Gyertyán István
Published: December 2023

The Barnes maze, a well‐known spatial‐learning paradigm, is based on the innate fear of rodents of large open spaces and their drive to hide. However, additional aversive stimuli (strong light and threatening sounds) are often necessary to provoke the hiding response while rendering the method cumbersome and more stressful. Our objective was to establish a Barnes maze‐learning paradigm in mice using palatable food as a reward. After habituating male C57BL6/J or NMRI mice to the reward, the experimenter and the apparatus, either a slow (2 trials/day) or a massive conditioning schedule (4 trials/day), was run. Acquisition training was carried out until mice could locate the reward box with a maximum of one hole error. Then, the box was replaced to another location (reversal phase). Mice needed to relearn the new position with the same criterion. One week later, retention trials were performed. Both strains could reach the learning criteria; in the massive training within a shorter period. Spatial memory was demonstrated in the reversal and retention trials. Our results show that palatable food can be used as an efficient motivator to acquire allocentric navigation in the Barnes maze with the additional advantage of being less stressful.
The 50 Most Cited Papers on Rugby since 2000 Reveal a Focus Primarily on Strength and Conditioning in Elite Male Players
Authors: Hunzinger Katherine J. , Schussler Eric
Published: December 2023

We sought to conduct a bibliometric analysis and review of the most cited publications relating to rugby since 2000 in order to identify topics of interest and those that warrant further investigations. Clarivate Web of Science database was used to perform a literature search using the search term “rugby.” The top 200 papers by citation count were extracted and reviewed for the inclusion criteria: all subjects were rugby players. The top 50 manuscripts were included for analysis of author, publication year, country of lead authors, institution, journal name and impact factor, topic, participant sex, and level of rugby. The total number of citations was 9,071 (average of 181.4 citations/article), with an average journal impact factor of 7.21; the top article was cited 407 times at the time of analysis. The most frequent publication was the Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research (26%), followed by the British Journal of Sports Medicine (20%) and the Journal of Sports Sciences (18%). Forty-eight (96%) of the manuscripts contained only male subjects, with 1 manuscript including females only and 1 manuscript containing mixed sexes. Thirty-three (66%) of the manuscripts focused on professional rugby players, with the next highest player group being mixed levels (10%). Twenty-eight (56%) concentrated on topics regarding strength and conditioning, 11 (22%) on injury, and 4 (8%) on physiology. Despite rugby being one of the most injurious sports and community players representing the largest component of the player pool, most of the top-cited rugby articles are cohort studies of professional male athletes focused on performance and strength and conditioning, noting the bias in research towards socially relevant topics that may not impact the majority of stakeholders and long-term health of rugby athletes. These findings highlight the need for further research among women and community athletes and on topics in injury prevention.
Perioperative Nerve Blockade Reduces Acute Postoperative Pain after Orthognathic Surgery
Authors: Oono Yuka , Takagi Saori , Arendt-Nielsen Lars , Kohase Hikaru
Published: December 2023

Background. The role of perioperative pain management is not only to reduce acute postoperative pain (POP) but also to prevent chronic POP. It would be important to know the usefulness of nerve blockade for perioperative management. However, it has not been extensively studied in orofacial surgery. The objective of the study was to investigate whether perioperative nerve blockade reduces acute POP after orthognathic surgery. Methods. Patients scheduled for orthognathic surgery were retrospectively reviewed (“preblock group”: the nerve blockade was performed before emergence from general anesthesia, and “no preblock group”: the nerve blockade was not performed before emergence from general anesthesia). The visual analog scale (VAS; 0–100 mm)-POP intensity, the VAS-POP areas under the curves (VASAUCs (mm × day)) in addition to VASAUCs for postoperative hours 6 (VASAUC_6), 12 (VASAUC_12), 18 (VASAUC_18), and 24 (VASAUC_24), the analgesic requirement period (day), and the number of days with pain (day) were analyzed. Data are presented as median (interquartile range) values. Results. Fifty-six patients (preblock group, 22; no preblock group, 34) were included (21 males, 35 females; age: 22.0 [21.0–28.0] years). VASAUC_6, VASAUC_12, VASAUC_18, and VASAUC_24 in the preblock group were significantly smaller than those in the no preblock group (3.5 [2.0–7.2] vs. 7.4 [5.1–10.0],

p

 = 0.0007; 9.5 [6.4–13.7] vs. 15.0 [7.2–22.9],

p

 = 0.042; 15.7 [10.3–23.1] vs. 29.3 [18.9–37.2],

p

 = 0.0002; and 17.6 [12.7–27.2] vs. 39.5 [22.9–46.9],

p

 = 0.001, respectively). There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in VASAUC, the analgesic requirement period, and the number of days with pain (

p

 > 0.05). Conclusions. Perioperative nerve blockade reduces POP after orthognathic surgery, especially for the acute postoperative period.
LILRB3 Supports Immunosuppressive Activity of Myeloid Cells and Tumor Development
Authors: Huang Ryan , Liu Xiaoye , Kim Jaehyup , Deng Hui , Deng Mi , Gui Xun , Chen Heyu , Wu Guojin , Xiong Wei , Xie Jingjing , Lewis Cheryl , Homsi Jade , Yang Xing , Zhang Chengcheng , He Yubo , Lou Qi , Smith Caroline , John Samuel , Zhang Ningyan , An Zhiqiang , Zhang Cheng Cheng
Published: December 2023

The existing T cell–centered immune checkpoint blockade therapies have been successful in treating some but not all patients with cancer. Immunosuppressive myeloid cells, including myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), that inhibit antitumor immunity and support multiple steps of tumor development are recognized as one of the major obstacles in cancer treatment. Leukocyte Ig-like receptor subfamily B3 (LILRB3), an immune inhibitory receptor containing tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIM), is expressed solely on myeloid cells. However, it is unknown whether LILRB3 is a critical checkpoint receptor in regulating the activity of immunosuppressive myeloid cells, and whether LILRB3 signaling can be blocked to activate the immune system to treat solid tumors. Here, we report that galectin-4 and galectin-7 induce activation of LILRB3 and that LILRB3 is functionally expressed on immunosuppressive myeloid cells. In some samples from patients with solid cancers, blockade of LILRB3 signaling by an antagonistic antibody inhibited the activity of immunosuppressive myeloid cells. Anti-LILRB3 also impeded tumor development in myeloid-specific LILRB3 transgenic mice through a T cell–dependent manner. LILRB3 blockade may prove to be a novel approach for immunotherapy of solid cancers.
АКТУАЛІЗАЦІЯ ВИВЧЕННЯ ПРОВІДНИХ НЕЙРОПАРАЗИТАРНИХ ЗАХВОРЮВАНЬ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Некрасова Н. О. , Смалько Є. О.
Published: December 2023

Наведено відомості про поширеність найчастіших гельмінтозів, які здатні уражати головний мозок. На прикладі клінічного випадку нейроцистицеркозу описана специфіка неврологічної маніфестації паразитарних захворювань людини.
УПРАВЛІНСЬКІ ФУНКЦІЇ ЯК ОДИН З ІНСТРУМЕНТІВ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ЦІЛЕЙ УПРАВЛІННЯ МОДЕЛЛЮ РЕГІОНАЛЬНОЇ СИСТЕМИ ДОНОРСТВА ТА ТРАНСПЛАНТАЦІЇ ОРГАНІВ
Authors: Ковтун Г. І.
Published: December 2023

Мета: обґрунтувати зміст основних управлінських функцій як інструменту реалізації цілей управління сучасною моделлю регіональної системи донорства та трансплантації органів.

Матеріали і методи. Для досягнення поставленої мети в роботі застосовувалися загальнонаукові методи аналізу, синтезу, узагальнення, інтерпретації наукових даних, а також системний та структурно-функціональний підходи при визначенні функцій управління регіональною системою донорства і трансплантації органів.

Результати. Розвиток технологій трансплантації органів у всьому світі впевнено доводить, що вони є життєрятуючими та безальтернативними. Українській охороні здоровʼя потрібні професійні управлінці, здатні ініціювати та реалізувати нові ідеї, розробляти стратегію розвитку медичного бізнесу, мислити практично та прагматично при забезпеченні реформування медичної сфери в Україні.

Для сучасної концептуальної регіональної системи донорства і трансплантації органів у статті обґрунтовано зміст функцій управління цією моделлю, як інструмент реалізації цілей управління моделлю і досягнення результату. Показано, що функція управління – це сукупність дій, призначених до створення реальних умов, для досягнення запланованих цілей. За допомогою функцій управління забезпечується виконання встановлених планових завдань із метою реалізації прийнятої стратегії розвитку організації.

Висновок. Обґрунтований у статті зміст основних управлінських функцій управління сучасною моделлю регіональної системи може бути програмою підготовки професіоналів нового покоління у сфері управління охорони здоровʼя.
ІСТОРИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ АКУШЕРСЬКОЇ СПРАВИ ЯК ПІДҐРУНТЯ ДЛЯ СТАНОВЛЕННЯ ТА РОЗВИТКУ АКУШЕРСЬКИХ НАУКОВИХ ШКІЛ
Authors: Литвинова О. Н. , Тріщ Н. М. , Теренда Н. О.
Published: December 2023

Мета: обґрунтувати необхідність узагальнення та інтерпретації наукової інформації щодо вибору стратегій реформування акушерської допомоги в Україні.

Матеріали і методи. Для проведення дослідження історичних аспектів розвитку акушерських наукових шкіл були систематизовані та проаналізовані використані наукові публікації з аналізом історичних статей, монографій, дисертацій, архівні матеріали медичних університетів, наукових установ, медичних закладів та інших наукових публікацій з акушерської справи та медичної історії, що стали основою для отримання обґрунтованих даних.

Результати. Дослідження історичних аспектів акушерської справи виявило, що ця галузь медицини в Україні та світі має багатовікову історію, яка має вплинути на її розвиток та становлення акушерських наукових шкіл. Вже в давніх цивілізаціях існували знання про акушерську допомогу під час пологів. Систематизація та поширення знань про акушерську справу, розвиток акушерських посібників відбувалися в основному в період Середньовіччя та Ренесансу. Уже в ХХ ст. інтенсифікувалася дослідницька та навчальна діяльність у галузі акушерства та гінекології, що привело до формування різних наукових шкіл. Аналіз історичних аспектів акушерської справи вказує на те, що розвиток наукових шкіл у галузі акушерства був сильно повʼязаний із здобутками попередніх поколінь медиків. Традиції, методи та досвід минулих століть вплинули на визначення спрямувань та особливостей досліджень у відповідних школах.

Висновки. Результати дослідження показали, що протягом історії розвивалися методи та засоби, що відображали наукові, соціокультурні та медичні зрушення в акушерській справі.

Зіставлення їх із сучасними підходами дозволяє зрозуміти прогрес та виклики, з якими стикалися попередні покоління медиків.

Узагальнюючи висновки, можна стверджувати, що історичні аспекти акушерської справи є важливим підґрунтям для формування та розвитку наукових шкіл. Розвиток акушерської галузі є важливим чинником підвищення якості медичної допомоги жінкам та новонародженим, а відповідно, і покращення громадського здоров’я.
Disposição final
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Nunes Cleyse Kelly Barbosa , Benites Igor Matheus ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Castro Ana Maria Rodrigues Costa de ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Andrade Julia Fonseca Colombo ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Schalch Valdir
Published: December 2023

Com o objetivo de celebrar o vigésimo aniversário do Núcleo de Estudo e Pesquisa em Resíduos Sólidos (NEPER) vinculado ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Hidráulica e Saneamento, da Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, em 2023 e promover a disseminação do conhecimento científico na área de resíduos sólidos, foi elaborada esta compilação de obras abrangendo todos os estudos realizados pelo grupo até 2022. O volume 4, intitulado "Disposição final" reune estudos sobre tratamento de lixiviado; aproveitamento energético em aterros; gerenciamento de áreas contaminadas, integrando as Contribuições cientificas em resíduos sólidos: compilação de estudos do NEPER.
Educação museal em tempos de crise: reflexões sobre novas práticas educativas
Authors: Silva Maurício André da , Silva Maurício Candido da ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
Published: December 2023

Esta obra tomou como base o processo e a criação do Curso intitulado Educação museal em tempos de crise: reflexões sobre novas práticas educativas. A dinâmica de estruturação do curso iniciou-se com a formação de uma equipe nuclear, a partir da qual ocorreram encontros e debates internos, a partir de textos que abordassem os temas atuais, com as experiências profissionais, tendo sempre em vista a abrangência geral da prática educativa em diferentes museus. Como resultado desta dinâmica, emergiram os quatro aspectos centrais que modularam o nascimento da proposta do curso: 1) Antropoceno; 2) Controvérsias Científicas 3) Marcadores sociais da diferença; 4) Multiespécies. Dentre os temas mencionados acima, definiu-se o conceito Antropoceno como norteador, uma vez que as discussões e reflexões a serem tratadas convergem para esta noção que tem atualmente definido o período em que vivemos e, consequentemente, influenciado os processos de trabalho nos museus. As especificidades dos três museus a que os coordenadores do curso estão vinculados – Museu de Microbiologia do Instituto Butantan, Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia da Universidade de São Paulo e o Museu de Anatomia Veterinária da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo – serviram de referência para o aprofundamento dos debates. É importante ressaltar que, embora cada instituição possua suas particularidades teóricas e práticas, todas compartilham ao mesmo tempo de problemas comuns dentro do campo da comunicação museal. A coordenação entendeu ser fundamental estender essa experiência em uma publicação, a fim de que outros profissionais e estudantes tenham acesso aos conteúdos abordados durante o curso, mas, sobretudo, para ampliar as vozes de diferentes perfis e realidades daqueles que fizeram parte dessa experiência. Os textos aqui reunidos apresentam a diversidade de questões e inquietações vivenciadas.
Fundamentos de evolução química da Galáxia
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas, Maciel Walter Junqueira
Published: December 2023

O livro apresenta os fundamentos da evolução química da Galáxia e de outras galáxias. Os principais tópicos discutidos são: nucleossíntese, função de massa inicial, taxa de formação estelar, vínculos observacionais, métodos básicos e modelos
Parque da Juventude em São Paulo como texto cultural: entre esquecimentos e recordações
Authors: Heller Barbara , Nunes Mônica Rebecca Ferrari , Perazzo Priscila Ferreira
Published: December 2023

Examina-se o Parque da Juventude, posterior à implosão do Complexo Penitenciário do Carandiru, como texto cultural e espaço de recordação. Objetiva-se problematizar a construção das memórias do Complexo do Carandiru e as estratégias de esquecimento presentes no Parque. A análise baseia-se na teoria semiótica da cultura, em estudos sobre memória social e na flânerie. Espera-se demonstrar que no Parque da Juventude convivem embates entre memórias e esquecimentos materializados em textos culturais.
Hélio Serejo e Brô MC’s: as poéticas do oeste em um novo projeto de nação
Authors: Santos Carolina Barbosa Lima e , Ramos Wellington Furtado
Published: December 2023

Neste ano que sucede o Centenário da Semana de 22, propomos um estudo sobre a necessidade de expansão dos conceitos de modernidade, literatura e identidade nacional. Nessa perspectiva, convém analisar determinadas poéticas híbridas – como as narrativas de Hélio Serejo e a poesia dos rappers Brô MC’s – advindas de regiões historicamente invisibilizadas, engajadas na defesa de novos códigos estéticos e saberes para a construção de um modelo de brasilidade livre da violência colonial outrora legitimada no território nacional.
Abstract 11320: Sonothrombolysis Leads to Early Improvement of Left Ventricular Function in Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: ROLIM JULIANA E , LeBihan David , Bellio de Mattos Barretto Rodrigo B , Stangenhaus Carolina , Abduch Maria C , Azevedo Luciene F , Rochitte Carlos E , Reyes Barrenechea Max R , Lima Marcio , Bedoya Emmanuel , DiMonte Isabella S , Soares Paulo , Abizaid Alexandre , LIMA FELIPE , Nicolau Jose , Sbano João C , El Kadi Soufiane , Kamp Otto , Porter Thomas R , Kalil Filho Roberto , Mathias Wilson
Published: December 2023

Introduction:
Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are among the main causes of death worldwide. Despite important advances in revascularization strategies, there are a considerable number of patients who neither have access to these therapies, or, if so, may experience the no-reflow phenomenon. In STEMI, sonothrombolysis has been shown to restore patency of coronary vessels, especially in the microcirculation, leading to better left ventricular (LV) function recovery, hence emerging as a new adjuvant treatment to reperfusion.

Hypothesis:
Sonothrombolysis would improve the LV function in ACS.

Aim:
Compare ejection fraction (EF) and global longitudinal strain (GLS) in patients with ACS randomized to receive sonothrombolysis (therapy group-TG) or conventional treatment (control group-CG).

Methods:
Patients were randomized from two major clinical trials (NCT04732091 and NCT02410330 - HUBBLE databank). The therapy consists of high-energy intermittent ultrasound pulses associated with ultrasound-enhancing agent infusion (Definity® - Lantheus), initiated immediately after patient admission and continued after PCI or applied only after PCI for a total of 50 minutes. EF and GLS were measured off-line (TomTec Imaging System). Images were acquired immediately post Therapy/PCI or PCI only and 48/72 hours after the patient's inclusion. Comparisons were made using Student t-test, Chi-square test, and Fisher's exact test when indicated.

Results:
120 patients were included (CG=60: 51 STEMI, 1 thrombolyzed STEMI, and 8 NSTEMI; TG=60: 53 STEMI, 1 thrombolyzed STEMI e 6 NSTEMI). Demographic characteristics were similar between groups, except for a tendency of higher number of diabetic patients in TG (43% vs. 25%, p=0.054). EF and GLS were similar between TG and CG immediately post-treatment (Therapy/PCI or PCI only) (47±12 vs. 45±11, p=0.393 and 13.2±4.1 vs. 12.5±3.3, p=0.325, respectively). However, after 48/72 hours, patients who received Therapy/PCI had similar values of EF despite higher GLS (49±10 vs. 46±11, p=0.126 and 13.5±3.8 vs. 11.8±3.1, p=0.010, respectively).

Conclusions:
Preliminary data shows that Sonothrombolysis associated with PCI could be an effective adjuvant treatment for ACS, contributing to the early improvement of LV function.
Abstract 11518: Patient Reported Outcomes Measures Are Infrequently Used in Clinical Studies of Heart Transplant Recipients
Authors: Austin Melissa A , Reza Nosheen
Published: December 2023

Introduction / Background:
The goals of heart transplantation (HT) are to improve symptoms, restore quality of life, and extend survival. Clinical trials in HT recipients have largely focused on objective outcomes such as measures of cardiac function and survival; however, a paucity of data exists regarding the use of patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) as outcomes in these studies.

Aims:
We aimed to characterize the use of PROMs in registered clinical trials of HT recipients.

Methods:
All clinical studies of adult HT recipients were queried from ClinicalTrials.gov, and studies were stratified by inclusion of PROMs. Studies reporting PROMs were identified via specific search terms using the “outcomes measures” field. Summary statistics compared characteristics of studies that did versus did not report PROMs.

Results/Data:
Between November 1999 and August 2022, 227 studies of HT recipients were registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. At least one PROM was reported in 11% (n=24/227) of registered studies. Studies reporting PROMs were more likely to be conducted outside of the United States (91.7% vs 54.2%, p<0.001) and report a greater number of total primary/secondary outcomes (PROMs: median 7 [IQR: 4, 9] vs. No PROMs: median 3 [IQR: 2, 6]; p<0.001). The majority of studies reporting PROMs (58.3%) were initiated after 2020. Twenty-one distinct PROM tools/domains were reported as outcome measures, with the Short Form Health Survey 36 being most frequently used (n=10/24). Thirteen of the 21 PROMs included questions assessing mental health, whereas only three PROM tools were cardiac-specific (Figure).

Conclusions:
Only about one in ten registered clinical trials of HT recipients include PROMs, and mental health was the most commonly assessed domain when a PROM was included. Development and validation of PROM tools is needed to assess the multifaceted nature of health-related quality of life in HT recipients.
Abstract 11520: Safety and Efficacy of Botulinum Toxin Type A for Prevention of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation in Cardiac Surgery Patients: Pulmonary Function Test Results From the Phase 2 NOVA Study
Authors: Lang Jason E , Leaback Richard , Ailawadi Gorav , Iribarne Alexander , Gleason Kevin J , OSullivan Alexandra , Huang Nuo-Yu , Ferguson William G , Miller Jeffrey
Published: December 2023

Background:
Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is the most common complication after cardiac surgery. Autonomic neuromodulation, including injection of botulinum toxin into epicardial fat pads, may suppress and/or attenuate atrial fibrillation. The respiratory safety of a potential preventative treatment for AF is critical.

Aim:
To assess efficacy and pulmonary safety of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A; AGN-151607) 125U and 250U vs placebo for prevention of POAF after coronary artery bypass graft and/or valve surgery.

Methods:
NeurOtoxin for the PreVention of post-operative Atrial fibrillation (NOVA; NCT03779841) was a phase 2, international, multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. The primary endpoint was proportion of patients with continuous AF ≥30 seconds within the first 30 days. Respiratory function was assessed via pulmonary function tests (PFTs) performed at baseline and day 30 after treatment. Adverse events (AEs), serious adverse events (SAEs), and time to extubation were recorded.

Results:
A total of 323 patients were randomized: BoNT/A 125U (n=106), 250U (n=109), placebo (n=108). The primary endpoint occurred in 46.1% of the placebo group, 36.5% of the 125U group (relative risk [RR] vs placebo, 0.80 [95% CI: 0.58, 1.10];
P
=0.16), and 47.2% of the 250U group (RR vs placebo, 1.04 [95% CI: 0.79, 1.37];
P
=0.78). Baseline, day 30, and change from baseline PFT results were similar for active treatment vs placebo (
Table
). Median time to extubation was 9.7, 9.6, and 9.6 h in the placebo, 125U, and 250U groups, respectively. Respiratory AEs were reported in 42.9%, 38.1%, and 50.5% of patients, and respiratory SAEs in 11.4%, 6.7%, and 5.5% of patients in the placebo, 125U, and 250U groups, respectively.

Conclusion:
In this analysis of respiratory function, there appeared to be no detrimental effect of AGN-151607 compared with placebo, as evidenced by similar outcomes in PFT parameters and respiratory AE/SAE incidences among treatment arms.