bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Regulation and Management of Water Resources in Groundwater Over-extraction Area based on ET
Authors: li fawen , Yan Wenhui , Zhao Yong , Jiang Rengui
Published: May 2021

Because of the shortage of water resources, the phenomenon of groundwater over-extraction is widespread in many parts of the world, which has become a hot issue to be solved. The traditional idea of water resources management only considering blue water (stream flow) can't meet the demand of sustainable utilization of water resources. Blue water accounts for less than 40% of total rainfall, while green water (evapotranspiration) accounts for more than 60% of total rainfall. In the natural environment, vegetation growth mainly depends on green water, which is often neglected. Obviously, the traditional water resources management without considering green water has obvious deficiencies, which can't really reflect the regional water consumption situation in the water resources management. And only by limiting water consumption can achieve the real water saving. In addition, the mode of water resources development and utilization has changed from "supply according to demand" to "demand according to supply". In this background, for many regions with limited water resources, it is impossible to rely on excessive water intake for development, and sustainable development of regional can only be realized by truly controlling water demand. This paper chooses Shijin Irrigation District in the North China Plain as the research area, where agricultural water consumption is high and groundwater over-extraction is serious, and ecological environment is bad. In order to alleviate this situation, comprehensive regulation of water resources based ET is necessary. Therefore, this paper focuses on the concept of ET water resources management and includes green water into water resources assessment. Based on the principle of water balance, the target ET value of crops in the study area is calculated, and the ET value is taken as the target of water resources regulation. The actual water consumption is calculated by Penman-Monteith formula, and reduction of crop water consumption is obtained according to the difference between actual ET and target ET. The reduction in crop water consumption leads to a reduction in demand for water supply, which reduces groundwater extraction. The results of this study can provide necessary technical support for solving the problem of groundwater over-extraction and realizing real water saving.
Expression of ASPN with Prognostic Values in Gastric Cancer: A Study Based on TCGA Data
Authors: li wen chao , Xu Zhe , Chen Hui , Wang Zhen dong , Xu Yang , Liu Li , Xu Rui jiang
Published: May 2021

Objective: Gastric ancer is a common cancer with high cancer-related death in the world Although, ASPN has been reported as a potential biomarker in some cancers, the relationship of ASPN and clinical pathologic features in gastric cancer has not been investigated thoroughly. Thus, the aim of study is to evaluate the function of ASPN in gastric cancer based on TCGA. Materials and methods: The gene expression data (407 cases, Workﬂow Type: HTSeq-Counts) and corresponding clinical information were downloaded from the TCGA Genomic Data Commons data portal. We performed the NES and nominal p value to evaluate the pathways enriched in each phenotype. Then, we analyzed the association with ASPN and clinicopathologic variables based on Wilcoxon signed-rank test and logistic regression. Result: We found that it was significantly different in ASPN expression between gastric cancer and normal tissue (P<0.001). High ASPN expression was signiﬁcantly associated with high stage (Odds ratio (OR)=3.656 for stage II vs stage I and OR=0.014 for stage III vs stage I), T classification (OR=13.304 for T2 vs T1, OR=20.769 for T3 vs T1 and OR=24.857 for T4 vs T1) (all p-values< 0.05). Univariate analysis revealed ASPN could result in poor overall survival with HR=1.004 and P=0.036. Besides, multivariate analysis indicated that ASPN expression was an independent risk factor for overall survival (HR:1.010, P=0.000), age (HR: 1.046, P=0.002) and gender (HR: 1.623, P=0.026). Besides, GSEA results showed that Pentose phosphate pathway, Base excision repair, Peroxisome, Protesome, Nucleotide excision repair, and Mismatch repair were differentially enriched in gastric cancer with high ASPN expression phentype. Conclusion: ASPN expression is higher in gastric cancer than normal tissues, and considered ASPN as a potential independent molecular marker for diagnosis and prognosis of GC.
Research on the Method of Designing Cap Lens using Ant Colony Algorithm
Authors: LIU WENLIN , QIN HUA , LV ZHIWEI , FENG YANZE , SHI YUETONG , LIU ZIXIANG , BAI CHENGHAO
Published: May 2021

It is necessary to select the appropriate parameters defining a aspheric lens for coupling the light from a laser diode into the optical fiber by cap aspheric lenses. In this paper, the ant colony optimization algorithm is applied to the optimization of structural parameters of the cap aspheric lens, and the merit function defining the optimization problem and detailed design steps are given. A cap aspheric lens with center thickness of 1.1019 mm and effective focal length of 1.10331mm is designed using a self-made MATLAB program of ant colony optimization algorithm, which can couple the light emitting from a laser diode into a single mode fiber(SMF) with a diameter of 9 um, the light-emitting surface of the LD is 3um×2um, and beam-divergence angle in the X and Y directions are ± 35° and ± 23.58°, respectively. The theoretical coupling efficiency is 89.8%, and the experiment shows that the maximum coupling efficiency and average coupling efficiency are 88.63% and 79.39%, respectively. Design and experimental results prove that the design method in this paper is feasible and effective.
Effect of Mass Variation on Vibration Properties of the Tooth in Drilling Operation
Authors: Cveticanin Livija , Vujkov Sanja
Published: May 2021

Dental cavity represent one of the widespread illness of the tooth. Method for treating of the tooth is to drill the cavity and to fill the hole with suitable material. Measurements show that during drilling the tooth vibrates with increasing mass that causes unpleasant feeling for patient. The aim of the paper is to give the theoretical explanation for this phenomena and to give suggestion for vibration elimination. During drilling, mass of the tooth is decreasing and the so called ‘reactive force’ occurs. Drilling and reactive force cause tooth vibration. The system is modeled as a nonlinear time variable system. An analytical procedure for solving of the equation of vibration is developed. The solution is assumed in the form of the generalized trigonometric function with time variable amplitude and phase. It is obtained that not only the amplitude but also the frequency of tooth vibration in drilling are increased. In addition to reactive force the drilling velocity, diameter of the drill tool and spindle speed affect the vibration level. The appropriate values of these parameters would eliminate or decrease the patient bad feeling.
Effectiveness and Safety of Ultrasound-guided Percutaneous Microwave Ablation for Hepatic Alveolar Echinococcosis
Authors: Deng Xu , Wang Jing-jing , Wang Zhi-xin , Fan Hai-ning , Wang Hai-jiu , Huang Han-sheng , Wang Kai-qaing , Yang Xiao-zhou , Han Jun-wei , Cairang Yangdan
Published: May 2021

BackgroundMicrowave ablation (MWA) is a popular therapy for liver malignant tumor in recent years. Few studies have been conducted on its use in the treatment of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (HAE). The study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of MWA in the treatment of HAE.MethodsThis study analyzed the data of 45 patients (mean age,38 ±2 years; 24 males) diagnosed with HAE and underwent MWA treatment between June 2014 to December 2019. The patients after MWA were examined by CT or MRI to determine whether the lesions were relapsed and to evaluate the therapeutic effect of MWA. The safety of MWA was evaluated by monitoring postoperative complications. Clinical data, such as patient demographics, imaging features of the lesions, relevant findings of laboratory tests before and after ablation, and information related to ablation, were collected and analyzed. Paired-sample t tests and paired-sample Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used to compare relevant laboratory indicators before and after MWA. ResultsMWA was applied to 57 HAE lesions in 45 patients. The median size of lesions was 3.42 cm (IQR2.85-4.41). The rate of complete ablation was 100% (57/57). The median follow-up time was 32 months (IQR 23–48.5). The recurrence rate was 13% (6/45), and the median time of recurrence was 22 months. The rate of minor complications was 11.1% (5/45), and there were no major complications and deaths. Compared to preoperative, ALB, RBC, HBG, and PLT were decreased (p<0.001); ALT, TB, DB, and WBC were increased (p<0.001); and no statistically difference in PT, APTT, and INR (p＞0.05).ConclusionsMWA is a safe and effective way to cure HAE. Meanwhile, it provides a new option and a new way of thinking about the treatment modality for patients with lesions ≤ 5 cm in diameter.
Zero-Power PEMS System with Full-Bridge PWM Inverter: from Mechanism to Algorithm
Authors: ZHANG Zeyi
Published: May 2021

The permanent-electro magnetic suspension (PEMS) technology takes advantage of the attractive magnetic force between the magnet and the iron core and reduces the power consumption eventually to zero. However, the current of the zero-power PEMS system fluctuates around zero due to disturbances and suffers from the electronic nonlinearity. This work presents that the 2 µs turn-off delay (one electronic defect) of the integrated circuit (IC) L298N (one commercial full-bridge pulse-width-modulation (PWM) inverter produced by STMicroelectronics) leads to the nonlinear current-duty cycle characteristic, which undermines the control stability and limits the PWM frequency of the zero-power PEMS system. Moreover, the nonlinear mechanism is experimentally and theoretically analyzed for the critical PWM frequency and the sensitivity transition. Furthermore, this work proposes the compensation algorithm to overcome the electronic nonlinearity. It is demonstrated that the three-piece linearization approach stabilizes the PEMS system with only a few milliampere current and outperforms the two-piece counterpart with stronger robustness and smoother dynamics under the current-step-change test, especially for the PWM frequency higher than the critical value. Besides, the breakthrough of the critical PWM frequency by the compensation algorithm is of great significance for the dynamic performance of the high-speed PEMS transportation system.
Textbook outcome and survival of robotic versus laparoscopic total gastrectomy for gastric cancer: A propensity score matched cohort study
Authors: Roh Chul Kyu , Lee Soomin , Son Sang-Yong , Hur Hoon , Han Sang-Uk
Published: May 2021

Introduction Textbook outcome is a composite quality measurement of short-term outcomes for evaluating complex surgical procedures. We compared textbook outcome and survival of robotic total gastrectomy(RTG) with those of laparoscopic total gastrectomy(LTG).Methods We retrospectively reviewed 395patients(RTG,n = 74;LTG,n = 321) who underwent curative total gastrectomy for gastric cancer via minimally invasive approaches from 2009 to 2018. We performed propensity score matched analysis to adjust for potential selection bias. Textbook outcome included a negative resection margin, no intraoperative complication, retrieved lymph nodes > 15, no severe complication, no reintervention, no unplanned intensive care unit admission, hospitalisation ≤ 21days, no readmission after discharge, and no postoperative mortality. Survival outcomes included 5-year overall and relapse-free survival rates.Results After matching, 74patients in each group were selected. Textbook outcome was similar in the RTG and LTG groups(70.3% and 75.7%,respectively), although RTG required a longer operative time. The quality metric least often achieved was the presence of severe complications in both groups(77.0% in both groups). There were no differences in the 5-year overall survival rate(90.7% and 85.9%,respectively;log-rank P = 0.144) and relapse-free survival rate between the RTG and LTG groups(89.5% and 85.2%,respectively;log-rank P = 0.167).Conclusion Textbook outcome and survival outcome of RTG were comparable to those of LTG for gastric cancer.
A Dialogue on Fifth Dimension, Empty-Space
Authors: Chauhan Prashant
Published: May 2021

Gravity and space-time are relative to each other because gravity or more precisely a gravitational wave is the only candidate responsible for empty-space around a mass and empty-space is the only candidate responsible for the mass of an object. It is true that a gravitational wave is a ripple in space-time but space-time is a result of a web of gravitational waves is also true and hence it is more appropriate to call space-time as gravitational-space-time and its known word to us is empty-space. Smallest unit of this web of gravitational waves is known as kaushal constant (K) [1]. Gravity is a result of the force of attraction in between two adjacent kaushal constants of the adjacent planes at a relative point in gravitational-space-time and hence this can be nicknamed as a web of gravity. The slower you move through space, the smaller your gravity web (or weaker the relative gravity) and hence the faster you move through time and vice versa. This paper is a solution to both mathematical and theoretical problems encountered in the field of quantum gravity [2] using theory of special connectivity [3].
Effect of Multi-Axial Stress State on the Deformation Path in Tube Flaring Process By Necking Instability Criteria
Authors: Buchmayr Bruno , Omidvar Alireza
Published: May 2021

Various parts for automotive, appliance and oil industry are pro- duced from tubes that are assembled and welded. For gaining the best weight savings, durability and cost reasons (energy saving, production cost, etc) the formability of the tubular materials is very important. The overall success of deformation process heavily depends on the incoming tubular material proper- ties. In this work, formability of tubular steels is experimentally characterized and with the development of a numerical model the effect of biaxial stress state has been investigated. An experimental method has been developed to characterize the importance of multi-axial stress state on the formability of tubes. This requires the deformation in form of flaring of the tubular samples through a conical die. Damage strains are determined with the help of Hill-Swift Sheet Metal Forming Criteria and a plot of main strains occurring during the tube flaring test, after variation of the die-angle and friction coefficient has been resulted. Experimental results were then entered into the damage models of finite element program DEFORMTM-PC PRO and used to calibrate the damage model for formability so that a sizable variation of range of multiaxial state of stress could be produced. The results showed that with increasing the stress multiaxiality of tubular steels, the damage strain was reduced. This indicates that the proposed method could be used of benefit in quality control in the production of tubes specially in the monitoring and controlling of tubes production such as tube rolling, welding and annealing.
Medicinal plants in Butalejja District, Eastern Uganda: plants, medical importance, conservation and Medicinal Traditional Knowledge
Authors: Ssenku Jamilu. E. , Okurut Shaban A. , Namuli Aidah , Kudamba Ali , Wasige Godfrey , Kafeero Hussein M. , Walusansa Abdul
Published: May 2021

Background: Currently, the global consumption of herbal medicine is increasing steadily, incurring extinction risks to the medicinal plant species. Uganda is one of the top ten countries with alarming levels of loss of medicinal plant biodiversity, and erosion of the associated Medicinal Traditional Knowledge (MTK). This study documented medicinal plant species, and examined the approaches used in preventing extinction of these species and the associated MTK in Butalejja district. Methods: A cross – sectional study design was adopted to conduct an ethnopharmacological survey, using semi-structured questionnaires administered to purposively selected herbalists. Simple descriptive statistics were adopted for data analysis using STATA version-15.0. Results: A total of 133 medicinal plant species, belonging to 34 families and 125 genera were identified. Most species belonged to family Fabaceae (22; 65%), and Solanaceae (10; 29%). Leaves were the commonest organ used (81; 80%), followed by roots (15; 15%). Medicinal herbs were mainly administered orally as decoctions (100; 34.6%), and infusions (45; 16%). The most cited diseases treated were cough (24; 7.74%), Ulcers (23; 7.42%), and Malaria (14; 4.52%). Medicinal plants were majorly harvested from homestead farms and roadside vegetation, with wetlands being the least cited habitat. Efforts to stop the extinction of medicinal plants and MTK were inadequate. Conclusion and recommendations: There was high dependency on medicinal plant species for primary healthcare and income generation. Noted also was the accelerated loss of medicinal plant biodiversity due to habitat destruction, especially in swamps. The conservation of medicinal plants and MTK was largely attributed to traditional cultural values. There is need for validation of efficacy and safety of key medicinal plants identified in this study, to support their future adoption in clinical medicine and pharmaceutical industries. Inclusion of traditional cultural ideals in national biodiversity conservation programs is warranted.
Bankruptcy prediction model for listed companies in Greece
Authors: Sfakianakis Evangelos
Published: May 2021

This paper deals with the ever-increasing issue of bankruptcy prediction in distressed economies. Specifically, the aim of this study is to create a model by establishing a new set of predictor variables, which achieves significant discrimination among listed manufacturing firms in Greece, by using multivariate discriminant analysis (MDA). An equally balanced matched sample of 28 Greek-listed manufacturing firms was used in this study covering the distressed period from 2008 to 2015 (including all firms that went bankrupt between 2008–2015). It is found that the quick ratio, cash flow interest coverage, and economic value added (EVA) divided by total assets are significant for predicting bankruptcy in Greece. The discriminant analysis (DA) model comprised the aforementioned variables and correctly classified 96.43% of grouped cases 1 year before bankruptcy. The adjusted DA prediction model for two and three years before bankruptcy used the same variables and correctly classified 92.86% and 89.29% of grouped cases, respectively. Consequently, this mix of financial ratios achieved strong classification accuracy even three years before bankruptcy, captivating an overall picture of a firm’s financial health and providing a powerful tool for decision making to investors and risk managers in the banking section and economic policy makers.
Knowledge Management Strategy, Innovation, and Performance in Small Business Enterprise in Indonesia
Authors: Bismo Aryo , Halim Wensin , Erwinta Monica Andini
Published: May 2021

A business should be able to achieve competitive advantage due to technology development in industry 4.0. The digital industry could be relied on to sustain economic growth and encourage equity for small business enterprise to reach more markets and profit, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, while at the same time to accomplish competitive advantage by having strong infrastructure, creating and sharing knowledge, and formulating strategic decision making, and innovation. The research aimed to provide view about the knowledge management strategies that specifically testing both codification and personalization, and their consequences on innovation and performance in small business enterprise. Data were collected from 46 small business enterprises in Indonesia through online questionnaires, and were analysed using structural equation modelling. The results reveal that knowledge management strategies—codification and personalization—have impacts on innovation and performances directly and indirectly through the increase on innovation capability. It is considered that the research will help small business enterprises to establish a good knowledge management strategy to obtain better profit on a specific condition and environment.
Biodegradation of the Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Fluoranthene by Fungi Strains from a Brazilian Tropical Peat
Authors: Garcia Anuska , Birolli Willian , Araújo Bruno , Barbosa-Junior, Antônio , Diniz Leandro , Porto André , Romão Luciane
Published: May 2021

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are an important environmental issue and the identification of new biocatalysts for an efficient biodegradation of these compounds is essential for bioremediation. Therefore, fungi strains isolated for the first time from a tropical peat at Santo Amaro das Brotas (Brazil) were studied for fluoranthene biodegradation. Fusarium sp. AC-7, Penicillium sp. AC-1 and Penicillium sp. AC-6 were isolated using fluoranthene as sole carbon source. All strains were tested for biodegradation of 100 mg L-1 fluoranthene during 14 and 28 days. After 28 days of biodegradation, 64 ± 3, 60 ± 4 and 51 ± 2% biodegradation was observed for Penicillium sp. AC-1, Penicillium sp. AC-6 and Fusarium sp. AC-7, respectively. Analysis of the obtained compounds enabled the identification of four metabolites, which were common to the three employed strains: anthrone, anthraquinone, 9-methoxyanthracene and cyclopropa[1]phenanthrene. It is important to note that control experiments were performed. The obtained results clearly demonstrated the efficiency of tropical peat fungi in the transformation of fluoranthene. These findings showed the potential of tropical peats for isolation of fungi and indicated that these strains can be applied for bioremediation processes of areas contaminated with fluoranthene and other PAHs.
ERM Complex, A Therapeutic Target for Vascular Leakage Induced
by Diabetes
Authors: Simó-Servat Olga , Ramos Hugo , Bogdanov Patricia , García-Ramírez Marta , Huerta Jordi , Hernández Cristina , Simó Rafael
Published: May 2021

Background:

Ezrin, radixin, and moesin (the ERM complex) interact directly
with membrane proteins regulating their attachment to actin filaments. ERM protein activation
modifies cytoskeleton organization and alters the endothelial barrier function, thus
favoring vascular leakage. However, little is known regarding the role of ERM proteins
in diabetic retinopathy (DR). Objective: This study aimed to examine whether overexpression
of the ERM complex exists in db/db mice and its main regulating factors.

Methods:

9 male db/db mice and 9 male db/+ aged 14 weeks were analyzed. ERM proteins
were assessed by western blot and by immunohistochemistry. Vascular leakage was
determined by the Evans blue method. To assess ERM regulation, HRECs were cultured
in a medium containing 5.5 mM D-glucose (mimicking physiological conditions) and 25
mM D-glucose (mimicking hyperglycemia that occurs in diabetic patients). Moreover,
treatment with TNF-α, IL-1β, or VEGF was added to a high glucose condition. The expression
of ERM proteins was quantified by RT-PCR. Cell permeability was evaluated
by measuring movements of FITC-dextran.

Results:

A significant increase of ERM in diabetic mice in comparison with non-diabetic
mice was observed. A high glucose condition alone did not have any effect on ERM expression.
However, TNF-α and IL-1β induced a significant increase in ERM proteins.

Conclusion:

The increase of ERM proteins induced by diabetes could be one of the
mechanisms involved in vascular leakage and could be considered as a therapeutic target.
Moreover, the upregulation of the ERM complex by diabetes is induced by inflammatory
mediators rather than by high glucose itself.
A General Approach on Surfactants Use and Properties in Drug Delivery Systems
Authors: de Freitas Araújo Reis Mysrayn Y. , de Araújo Rêgo Renaly I. , Rocha Beatriz P. , Guedes Gabryella G. , de Medeiros Ramalho Ízola M. , de Medeiros Cavalcanti Airlla L. , Guimarães Geovani P. , de Lima Damasceno Bolívar P.G.
Published: May 2021

Surfactants are amphiphilic molecules of great interest in the pharmaceutical field which are used in
combination with other adjuvants to solubilize poorly soluble drugs, improve their dissolution profile, promote
permeation, improve drug delivery, enhance stabilization, among other characteristics. Literature shows that surfactants
are included in several pharmaceutical compositions: tablets, solid dispersions, emulsions, microemulsions,
nanoemulsions, liposomes and niosomes. This review aims to elucidate the different classes of surfactants
based on their charges (cationic, anionic, nonionic, zwitterionic, and dimeric), the micelles formation process,
and how surfactant molecules geometry can affect this phenomenon. Moreover, current studies regarding
the benefits of surfactants in the development of formulations are presented. Finally, a discussion on how
charges and chain length of surfactants can affect the stratum corneum epithelial cells leading to increased
permeation or skin irritability is reported.
Dendrimer Applications: A Brief Review
Authors: Pedro-Hernández Luis Daniel , Martínez-García Marcos
Published: May 2021

Dendrimers are highly branched three-dimensional macromolecules with a highly
controlled structure, a single molecular weight, numerous controllable dendritic branches and
peripheral functionalities, as well as the tendency to adopt an ellipsoid or spheroid shape once
a certain size is reached. These features have made them attractive for application in pharmaceutical
and medicinal chemistry in gene transfection, as medical imaging agents, and as drug
carriers in potential drug delivery agents. The incorporation of metallic species into dendritic
molecules has also been reported; the focus has been on organometallic dendrimers with metallic
species only at specific positions of the molecules, such as the core, dendritic branches
and the periphery, studied for their magnetic, electronic, and photo-optical or catalytic properties.
Dendrimers have been investigated for optoelectronic applications (adsorption, emission,
laser emission, nonlinear optics) through the encapsulation of active units by dendritic branches, core and peripheral.
This review briefly discusses their use in nanomedicine, cancer treatment, treatment of other diseases, tissue repair,
catalysis and applications in OLEDs and solar cells.
Highlighting the Protective or Degenerative Role of AMPK Activators in Dementia Experimental Models
Authors: Nikbakhtzadeh Marjan , Shaerzadeh Fatemeh , Ashabi Ghorbangol
Published: May 2021

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a serine/threonine kinase and a driving or deterrent
factor in the development of neurodegenerative diseases and dementia. AMPK affects intracellular
proteins like the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) Peroxisome proliferator-activated
receptor-γ coactivator 1-α (among others) contributes to a wide range of intracellular activities
based on its downstream molecules such as energy balancing (ATP synthesis), extracellular inflammation,
cell growth, and neuronal cell death (such as apoptosis, necrosis, and necroptosis). Several
studies have looked at the dual role of AMPK in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s
disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and Huntington disease (HD) but the exact effect of this
enzyme on dementia, stroke, and motor neuron dysfunction disorders has not been elucidated yet.
In this article, we review current research on the effects of AMPK on the brain to give an overview
of the relationship. More specifically, we review the neuroprotective or neurodegenerative effects
of AMPK or AMPK activators like metformin, resveratrol, and 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-
1-β-d-ribofuranoside on neurological diseases and dementia, which exert through the intracellular
molecules involved in neuronal survival or death.
Juridical analysis of policy concerning oil palm estate management in Indonesia
Authors: Listiningrum Prischa , Bachtiar Rizqi , Mahira Dararida Fandra , Suwardiyati Rumi
Published: May 2021

The development of the palm oil industry (CPO) in Indonesia is often confronted by challenges coming from the international community, one of which is the rejection of Indonesian CPO exports declared by the European Union on the grounds of deforestation and land clearing, specifically forest burning, that are aimed to convert the forest areas to oil palm estates. In an attempt to clean such a bad name in palm oil industries in the world and to avert the label ‘unsustainable’ given by European Union, President Joko Widodo issued Presidential Instruction Number 8/2018. However, the implementation of the Presidential Instruction is not without hurdles like the absence of specific guidelines to help to implement the policy at the regional level and the lack of opportunities to involve civilians to guard this policy. Juridical analysis of the policy aimed to improve palm oil management and to hamper deforestation is, thus, required. With the normative-juridical method, this research is aimed to recommend the government to grow the potential of CPO-based biofuel in Indonesia and the application of a one-map policy over the potential of oil palm estates to allow the implementation of transparency principle in the structure of good governance. All these recommendations are mainly aimed to give more opportunities to the members of the public to have meaningful participation as well as sustainable and enviro-friendly in improving the management of palm oil cultivation.
Akuntabilitas Pengelolaan Alokasi Dana Desa di Kecamatan Abiansemal Kabupaten Badung
Authors: Indriswari Putu Tiwi , Wianto Putra I Made
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pertanggung jawaban, dan pengawasan terhadap akuntabilitas pengelolaan alokasi dana desa di Kecamatan Abiansemal. Populasi adalah perangkat desa di 18 desa Kecamatan Abiansemal dengan72 orang sebagai sample melalui sampling purposive. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data kuantitatif dan dianalisis dengan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan pertanggungjawaban berpengaruh positif terhadap pengelolaan alokasi dana desa namun tahap pengawasan tidak berpengaruh positif terhadap pengelolaan alokasi dana desa di Kecamatan Abiansemal Kabupaten Badung.
DESAIN STRUKTUR SHELTER INOVATIF SEBAGAI TEMPAT EVAKUASI SEMENTARA DI BANYUWANGI
Authors: Ade Fani S. I.  , Rifqi Mirza Ghulam , Zulis Erwanto  , M. Shofi’ul Amin
Published: May 2021

Pada tahun 1994 kejadian tsunami di Banyuwangi berdampak pada 4 daerah yakni Pancer, Lampon, Rajegwesi, Grajagan dengan magnitudo gempa sebesar 7.5, hal ini menuntut kawasan rawan bencana di Banyuwangi harus memiliki infrastruktur evakuasi untuk bencana alam dan emergency plan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merencanakan desain struktur shelter inovatif berbasis tempat evakuasi sementara di Banyuwangi. Perencanaan yang digunakan dalam mendesain shelter ini adalah dengan meninjau struktur kolom, balok, pelat, dan pondasi rakit, desain struktur yang digunakan adalah struktur baja dibuat sesuai dengan ketentuan desain faktor beban dan ketahanan (DFBK) dengan menggunakan aplikasi komputer yang mengacu pada SNI 03-1726-2019, SNI 03-1729-2015, SNI 03-1727-2013, dan FEMA P646A. Berdasarkan hasil perencanaan, Shelter inovatif dengan dimensi 16 m x 4 m x 3.5 m, pada balok menggunakan profil baja IWF 350.350.19.19 dan kolom menggunakan IWF 350.350.19.19 dengan berat struktur shelter sebesar 38292.9 Kg. Hasil perencanaan struktur balok dengan kontrol pemeriksaan interaksi lentur dan geser sebesar 1.19 < 1.375, perencanaan struktur kolom dengan kontrol pemeriksaan kekuatan tekan desain sebesar 0,228 < 1. Pondasi rakit direncanakan dengan dimensi 16 m x 4 m dan disarankan dengan ketebalan 80 cm dengan kontrol tekanan pada tanah sebesar 0.061 Kg/cm2 < 0.188 Kg/cm2.
Pengaruh Dana Pihak Ketiga dan Tingkat Suku Bunga Terhadap Penyaluran Kredit UMKM Pada PT. Bpr Sukawati Pancakanti Periode 2011-2018
Authors: Artini Ni Kadek Juli , Jayawarsa A. A. Ketut , Purnami A.A Sri
Published: May 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh Dana Pihak Ketiga dan Tingkat Suku Bunga secara simultan dan parsial terhadap penyaluran kredit UMKM. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi linier berganda, uji F dan uji t. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian dari uji F variabel Dana Pihak Ketiga dan Tingkat Suku Bunga berpengaruh signifikan terhadap jumlah kredit UMKM yang disalurkan PT.BPR Sukawati Pancakanti Periode 2011-2018. Dari uji t pada variabel Dana Pihak Ketiga mempunyai pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap penyaluran kredit UMKM. Dari uji t variabel Tingkat Suku Bunga mempunyai pengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap penyaluran kredit UMKM yang disalurkan PT.BPR Sukawati Pancakanti Periode 2011-2018.
Studies on growth and yield characters of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) varieties suitable for mechanical harvesting
Authors:   Regional Agricultural Research Station, Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, Nandyal-518502, Kurnool district, Andhra Pradesh, India, Basha S. Jaffar , Jayalakshmi V. ,   Regional Agricultural Research Station, Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, Nandyal-518502, Kurnool district, Andhra Pradesh, India, Ahammed S. Khayum ,   Regional Agricultural Research Station, Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, Nandyal-518502, Kurnool district, Andhra Pradesh, India, Kamakshi N. ,   Regional Agricultural Research Station, Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, Nandyal-518502, Kurnool district, Andhra Pradesh, India
Published: May 2021

The growth and yield characters of chickpea varieties suitable for mechanical harvesting were evaluated through field experiment conducted for three consecutive years (2016__17 to 2018__19) during rabi season on vertisols under rainfed conditions at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Nandyal, Andhra Pradesh. The investigation was carried out in split plot design with three replications. Two plant geometries (30.0 × 10.0 cm and 22.5 × 10.0 cm) were assigned to main plots and six chickpea varieties (viz., GBM 2, Dheera, CSJ 515, HC 5, Phule G 08108 and BRC 1) were assigned to sub plots. Pooled analysis of experimental results indicated that significantly higher number of branches per plant (8.7) and number of pods per plant (31.1) and test weight (24.3 g) were observed under 30.0 × 10.0 cm when compared to 22.5 × 10.0 cm. Higher plant height (44.8 cm), height of lowest pod bearing branch (30.0 cm), lower days to 50 % flowering (42.1 days) and higher test weight (31.2 g) were observed in Dheera. Higher number of branches per plant (9.2) and number of pods per plant (34.2) were observed in GBM 2. Higher seed yield was observed in Phule G 08108 (1708 kg ha-1) which is followed by GBM 2 (1675 kg ha-1) Dheera (1569 kg ha-1) and BRC 1 (1493 kg ha-1). Higher harvest index (56.4%) was also observed in Phule G 08108. Chickpea varieties GBM2, Dheera and BRC1 were best suitable for mechanical harvesting and higher seed yield due to their excellent morphology.
Comparative effect of sodium chloride and sodium sulfate on the biomass and quantitative changes in starch, protein and total soluble sugar in pea seeds (Pisum sativum L.)
Authors:   Department of Botany, Mohammad Ali Jauhar University, Rampur, Uttar Pradesh, India, Rehman Farha ,   Department of Botany, Mohammad Ali Jauhar University, Rampur, Uttar Pradesh, India, Khan Sumaira J. ,   Department of Botany, Mohammad Ali Jauhar University, Rampur, Uttar Pradesh, India, Tahir Iram Khan ,   Department of Zoology, Mohammad Ali Jauhar University, Rampur, Uttar Pradesh, India, Shaheen Azra ,   Department of Zoology, Mohammad Ali Jauhar University, Rampur, Uttar Pradesh, India
Published: May 2021

The nature of the soil is a very important factor in the growth and development of a crop. Crop plants suffer a decline in growth and yield, when exposed to the saline condition. Pea considers one of the main leguminous crops, due to its ability to produce significant quantities of protein, carbohydrates and nutrient-rich seeds. Plants were subjected to four salt treatments, 4, 8, 12 and 16 mmhos cm-1 of sodium chloride and sodium sulfate and the biomass and biochemical responses were measured. All growth attributes such as stem, root and leaf fresh and dry weight decrease with the increased salinities doses. Salt treatments were no significant effects on the biomass and quantitative changes in starch, protein and soluble sugar in seeds of pea. But it was noted that the starch contents were much reduced in 16 mmhos cm-1, the salinity level of sodium chloride and sodium sulfate as compared to control. The protein content and sugar content value were increased in a higher concentration of sodium chloride and sodium sulfate, when compared to control in Pea, CV. Azad P-1. The proline content increased with salt stress up to 8 mmhos cm-1 in CV-Azad P-1. It was also observed that the high dose of sodium sulfate is declined biomass and quantitative changes in starch, than that of sodium chloride solution in pea seeds.
Assessment of antioxidant potential of selected roadside trees leaves in Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana
Authors:   Department of Applied Biology, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria, Uka U. N. , Belford E. J. D. ,   Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
Published: May 2021

The roadsides of the Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana are lined with the several species of trees, such as, Terminalia catappa, Mangifera indica, Ficus platyphylla and Polyalthia longifolia. The people use them for their health care needs. The vehicle emissions results in oxidative injury in these plants, due to the production of reactive oxygen species. The present study assessed the antioxidant potential of leaves of these tree species subjected to vehicular pollutants. The free radical scavenging activity of leaf extracts of the four tree species were measured using 1, 1- diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH). The total phenolic content (TPC) of the extract was determined by a spectrophotometric assay using the Folin-Ciocalteau’s reagent. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was measured using Phosphomolybdate assay. In this study, the medicinal properties of leaves of Terminalia catappa, Mangifera indica, Ficus platyphylla and Polyalthia longifolia sampled from the control sites showed better medicinal properties. DPPH scavenging activity at concentration 2.7 ug ml-1 was lower at the arterial road sites in all the four tree species. A higher DPPH percentage inhibition was recorded at the control sites. The IC50 values were higher for the leaf sample extracts from the arterial road sites and lower for the Control site. The total phenolic content of leaf samples of all the four tree species at the arterial road sites were lower than and significantly different from those at the Control site (p=0.000). The TAC values were lower at the arterial road sites in comparison to the control sites. There was a significant difference among the arterial road sites and also when compared with the control (P<0.05). It could be suggested from this study that variability exists in the antioxidant activities of plants due to a decrease in the medicinal properties of plants subjected to constant auto vehicular pollution.
Time-optimal quantum transformations with bounded bandwidth
Authors: Allan Dan , Hörnedal Niklas , Andersson Ole
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we derive sharp lower bounds, also known as quantum speed limits, for the time it takes to transform a quantum system into a state such that an observable assumes its lowest average value. We assume that the system is initially in an incoherent state relative to the observable and that the state evolves according to a von Neumann equation with a Hamiltonian whose bandwidth is uniformly bounded. The transformation time depends intricately on the observable's and the initial state's eigenvalue spectrum and the relative constellation of the associated eigenspaces. The problem of finding quantum speed limits consequently divides into different cases requiring different strategies. We derive quantum speed limits in a large number of cases, and we simultaneously develop a method to break down complex cases into manageable ones. The derivations involve both combinatorial and differential geometric techniques. We also study multipartite systems and show that allowing correlations between the parts can speed up the transformation time. In a final section, we use the quantum speed limits to obtain upper bounds on the power with which energy can be extracted from quantum batteries.
Temporal changes in the potential geographic distribution of Histiotus velatus (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae), the “decade effect”
Authors: Silva Liriann Chrisley Da , Almeida Rafaela , Silva Pablo , Oprea Monik , Mendes Poliana , Brito Daniel , Vieira Thiago Bernardi
Published: May 2021

Also investigate how the potential distribution of this species changes
with the addition of new records over the decades (decade effect).
Assuming that (1: hypothesis of the effect of the decade) the addition
of new occurrence records over time increases the potential size of the
species distribution; and (2: Wallacean distance hypothesis) over the
years, the new points added are increasingly distant from the research
centers. Considering the geographic knowledge gap of Histiotu velatus,
our objective is to report a new record of this species and estimate its
potential distribution in South America through ENMs. For this, we
compiled records of occurrence of species, selected from 1900 to 2015.
We used 19 bioclimatic variables available in the WorldCLim database to
estimate the potential distribution of the species and we used three
modeling algorithms: Maximum Entropy (MXT) Random Forest (RDF) and
Support Vector Machine (SVM). We selected the main bat research centers
in Brazil, using the Lattes platform for the Wallacean distance
hypothesis, using the Euclidean distance calculation. To test the
hypothesis of the decade effect, we used beta regression analysis,
taking conservative and non-conservative approaches. The results showed
that the predicted area expanded and retracted over the decades, with an
improvement in the accuracy of the models with the addition of new data.
Most of the records are located in the southeastern region of Brazil,
but the algorithms predicted areas in countries where there were no
records. Only the conservatism approach has had a positive relationship
over the decades. The distance from new points does not increase over
the years of research centers.
Early complete response of primary bone marrow B-cell lymphoma treated with Rituximab-based CHOP therapy, assessed by flow cytometry and IGH rearrangement
Authors: Nabe Yoshimi , Kikuchi Shohei , Kamihara Yusuke , Wada Akinori , Muarakami Jun , Sato Tsutomu
Published: May 2021

Primary bone marrow B-cell lymphoma (PBML) is a special subtype of DLBCL
which can be repeatedly sampled and evaluated by FCM and IGH
rearrangement. Evaluation of early response by FCM and IGH assessments
in the midpoint of treatment could be valuable for predicting treatment
outcome.
Labour market flexibilization and income distribution in Europe
Authors: Arestis Philips , Ferreiro Jesús , Gómez Carmen
Published: May 2021

This paper analyses the role played by the flexibilization of labour markets
on functional income distribution. Specifically, we analyse whether
employment protection legislation affects the evolution of labour income
share, measured by the size of compensation of employees as a percentage of
GDP, the sum of wages and salaries as a percentage of GDP and the size of
the adjusted wage share, in twenty European economies. Our study?s results
show that the evolution of labour income share is explained by the economic
growth, the growth of employment and unemployment rates, and the growth of
real wages. Regarding the role played by the flexibility of the labour
market, and specifically of the employment protection legislation, only
employment protection for temporary workers has a significant impact on the
evolution of labour shares. Our results show that stricter provisions on the
use of fixed-term and temporary agency contracts have a positive impact on
the growth of labour shares.
RECENT WORK IN THE EPISTEMOLOGY OF UNDERSTANDING
Authors: Hannon Michael
Published: May 2021

The philosophical interest in the nature, value, and varieties of human understanding has swelled in recent years. This article will provide an overview of new research in the epistemology of understanding, with a particular focus on the following questions: What is understanding and why should we care about it? Is understanding reducible to knowledge? Does it require truth, belief, or justification? Can there be lucky understanding? Does it require “grasping” or some kind of “know-how”? This cluster of questions has largely set the research agenda for the study of understanding in epistemology. This article will conclude by discussing some varieties of understanding and highlighting directions for future research.
’Aktivisme’: drop det begreb!
Authors: Mouritzen Hans
Published: May 2021

Forskningen bør ikke ukritisk overtage begreber, som politikerne på et givet tidspunkt finder nyttige – som f.eks. ’aktivisme’ i dansk diskurs.
Abstract in English‘Activism’: Drop That Term!Research should not uncritically take over concepts that politicians may find useful at a given time – like for instance ‘activism’ in Danish discourse.
How supply chain management impacts governance and development in context with COVID-19: Implications for poverty in developing countries
Authors:   Barbados, Brathwaite Dr Juliette
Published: May 2021

COVID-19 impacts both direct and indirect and at various levels, are currently ominous, and significantly challenge systems in society, economy and environment, influencing governance (GVRN), development (DVMT) and related poverty (PVTY) elements. This research explores relationships between GVRN and DVMT effects in developing countries (DCs), proposing that transport, supply chain and logistics management (TSCLM) incorporating agility, can enable GVRN more supportive and responsive. In so doing, efforts for DVMT and PVTY eradication can improve, alleviating problems for individuals and systems left unprepared, bereft and vulnerable. It is vital to pursue this area of research for theoretical and managerial features in the underexplored contexts are generally still novel. To heighten research and practical consciousness of interactions between GVRN, TSCLM and DVMT, especially PVTY effects, this paper engages literature review and associated conceptual model with propositions. The conceptual model focuses on relationships and interactions, combining institutional theory and organisational learning theory incorporating networking or collaboration, presenting four propositions to sustain further exploration, management and practice. In concluding, this researcher presents implications, and suggests future research avenues with respect to interrelationships of GVRN, TSCLM and DVMT. The incorporation of elements to better enable GVRN relationship with DVMT beneficial to PVTY eradication in business context with COVID-19 hindrances, can assist individuals and firms to be more agile and effective in planning, implementation and output systems and to sustain advantageous outcomes. This research contributes to augmenting theory and practice in supply-chain management, GVRN and DVMT, so researchers, managers and others can benefit from value added in improving processes and practices including success with eradicating COVID-19 hindrances to significant attainments.