bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L’émergence du couple terminologique « phrase simple / phrase complexe » dans les grammaires françaises
Authors: Jollin-Bertocchi Sophie , Saint-Gerand Jacques-Philippe
Published: January 2025

Le couple simplicité / complexité est appliqué à la phrase pour la langue française comme pour de nombreuses autres langues. Cette distinction – qui ne se confond pas avec la simplicité / complexité syntaxique – émergente au xviie siècle, est apparue en liaison avec la naissance de la notion de subordination, dans le contexte d’un réseau notionnel autour de l’idée de phrase. Elle est ensuite présente dans la pensée de la grammaire scolaire au xixe siècle, mais sans être formalisée en tant que telle, les grammairiens employant d’autres termes (phrase incomplexe ou composée). Elle recoupe l’opposition entre analyse grammaticale et analyse logique à la faveur de l’opposition entre un enseignement primaire pour tous centré sur la phrase simple, et un enseignement secondaire pour les classes sociales favorisées qui traite de la phrase complexe, rapprochant la grammaire de la rhétorique. Absente dans les grammaires linguistiques de la première moitié du xxe siècle, l’opposition phrase simple / complexe devient, dans la seconde moitié du siècle, explicite dans les grammaires à orientation pratique et didactique, y compris dans les grammaires de référence, dans lesquelles elle joue un rôle structurant – conséquence de l’influence du modèle linguistique génératif. D’un point de vue scientifique, le couple est néanmoins fragilisé par son orientation strictement pédagogique. La collocation avec le mot phrase confère un sens bien spécifique aux deux termes. En théorie, le critère de distinction est clair : un seul verbe et donc une seule proposition pour la phrase simple, plusieurs verbes et par conséquent plusieurs propositions pour la phrase complexe, laquelle se subdivise alors en deux types, la phrase composée de propositions juxtaposées ou coordonnées et la phrase composée de propositions subordonnées. Or, outre la fonction du verbe, assertive d’un jugement au sens de la grammaire générale, l’on sait que cette typologie pose un problème de nature historiographique dans la mesure où elle met sur le même plan la parataxe et l’hypotaxe, alors que le degré d’implication n’est pas le même dans les deux cas. Au-delà d’une typologie problématique de la structure de la phrase, cette distinction hégémonique est partie prenante dans la difficulté à définir la notion de phrase qui caractérise la linguistique du xxe siècle. Elle constitue même l’un des points d’achoppement de cette définition.
La hiérarchisation des langues vue du Brésil au xixe siècle : le traitement de la question par Júlio Ribeiro (1880)
Authors: De Aquino José Edicarlos
Published: January 2025

En 1880, le grammairien Júlio Ribeiro écrit le livre Traços Geraes de Linguistica, le premier ouvrage de « linguistique » au Brésil, dans lequel il établit une hiérarchisation des langues lors du traitement de questions sur l’origine et l’évolution du langage et la typologie des langues. L’auteur décrit sept grandes périodes de développement du langage. Cette périodisation est directement alignée sur le développement de l’humanité elle-même et institue une hiérarchie des langues en fonction de leur degré de complexité et de développement. On analyse ici le rapport entre les classements des langues selon des caractéristiques formelles, mais aussi en fonction d’éventuels critères esthétiques, sociologiques et politiques, et d’évaluations des locuteurs, en soulignant la place des langues et des locuteurs du Brésil dans le tableau hiérarchique des langues.
Representations of linguistic simplicity in prehistoric fiction
Authors: Pires Mat
Published: January 2025

This chapter investigates the issue of linguistic simplicity as it appears in prehistoric fiction, and specifically the direct speech incorporated into such fiction. It first discusses the different approaches to foreign-language dialogue in the novel, contrasting transfer and translation. In most cases of prehistoric fiction, translation from the imaginary source language is adopted. The features of this “translated” speech are analyzed with regard to their complexity or simplicity compared to standard idiom. The following such simplifications are presented and assessed: avoidance of personal deixis; use of reconstructed descriptive lexical items characterized by transparent meaning; morphology of transferred names of people; avoidance of politeness features, in the form of sentence-words and deontic modalization. Some verbal features are compared with similar features observed by Daniel Everett (2009) in the Pirahã language.
Les archives de l’occupation française en Autriche à La Courneuve
Authors: Bustanji Lauriane , Birken Marie , Cibeins Marguerite de , Guerot Louise , Kurtuldu Asya , Rebora Marie-Laure
Published: January 2025

Le Centre des archives diplomatiques de La Courneuve a entrepris en 2019 une importante mise à jour des inventaires des archives concernant l’occupation française de l’Autriche, en vue de l’ouverture du futur portail documentaire. Sources abondantes mais jusqu’à présent peu exploitées, ces archives se rapportent à l’activité du Haut-Commissariat de la République française en Autriche (environ 5 000 cartons), ainsi qu’à celles du Commissariat général aux Affaires allemandes et autrichiennes et à d’autres services techniques des Affaires étrangères. Cet article présentera les étapes de ce travail, la numérisation et l’océrisation des inventaires ainsi que la vérification de l’exactitude des descriptions et la rédaction d’une introduction d’inventaire. Une série d’études ponctuelles de ces archives par des étudiantes de l’École normale supérieure suit cette mise au point.
La politique française à l’égard des personnes déplacées, identique en Allemagne et en Autriche après la seconde guerre mondiale ?
Authors: Maspero Julia
Published: January 2025

En occupant une zone en Autriche, les autorités françaises sont devenues responsables du quotidien, du rapatriement, de l’émigration des DPs, ces Displaced Persons aux origines diverses déplacées du fait de la guerre. Pour des raisons financières et pratiques, exposées dans cet article, elles ont dû coopérer avec l’organisme d’aide aux réfugiés rattaché aux Nations unies, l’UNRRA. Les différences observées dans cette étude entre la coopération franco-UNRRA en Allemagne et celle en Autriche – absence d’accord bilatéral, un nombre moindre d’agents français, la présence d’anciens collaborateurs au sein de l’UNRRA – illustrent la nécessité d’inclure l’Autriche dans les recherches relatives à l’histoire DPs.
Le référent animal sur le réseau social Instagram de la présidente du groupe politique VOX Madrid
Authors: Diego Maud
Published: January 2025

En étudiant le référent animal au sein d’un corpus d’images, cet article interroge la symbiose entre dispositif ethno-différentialiste et média social. L’analyse met en avant les caractéristiques populistes de droite du parti espagnol VOX. L’étude montre également comment la porte-parole du parti et présidente du groupe politique VOX de Madrid, utilise un référent animal pour démultiplier le vecteur politique ethno-différentialiste. Le référent animal lui permet à la fois de mobiliser les femmes espagnoles et de diffuser un modèle de genre patriote. Enfin, dans une perspective anthropomorphe, le référent animal participe à la mobilisation des affects autour d’un projet moralisateur global. Un des objectifs de VOX étant de régénérer la démocratie espagnole, cet article propose d’analyser les liens entre animalité, capacité politique du peuple et système représentatif moderne.
Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Injuries in Recreational Swimmers
Authors: Aghav Onkar A. , Shinde Smita J. , Parab Shilpa
Published: January 2025

Background:

Recreational swimmers are the swimmers who swim once twice or more in a month or they can be called as the swimmers who do not participate in any competitions and do swimming as a part of exercise. So as we have seen that there is prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries in professional swimmers, so this study will help us to find the prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries in recreational swimmers.

Aim:

To find the prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries in recreational swimmers.

Study Setting and Design:

This is an observational study carried out in the city of Pune, India.

Materials and Methods:

62 individuals, 18–40 years, both genders, with an experience of swimming for more than 3 years and doing swimming for once, twice, or more in a month were included with an exclusion of any recent fall or accident, recent surgeries and any other sports related injuries, and were given a questionnaire.

Results:

The result of this study indicates that there is a higher prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries in recreational swimmers is (81%).

Conclusion:

In conclusion, it was found that there is prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries present in both the genders. There was a higher prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries in female (87%) than male (71%). There was a higher prevalence of shoulder, upper back, and low back and hip injuries in both female and male.
“Résorption radiculaire interne:” A case report on dual-phase management of extensive internal root resorption
Authors: Maity Ipsita , Das Lovely , Mazumdar Paromita , Ghosh Kushal Kumar
Published: January 2025

This case study delves into an uncommon occurrence of internal root resorption (IRR), an inflammatory variant with perforation of root, in the left central incisor, which seems to have a prevalence ranging from 0.01% to 1%. The patient presented with pain in the upper left front tooth, leading to a diagnosis of pulpal necrosis with symptomatic apical periodontitis. The initial phase involved identifying the three-dimensional overview of resorption and perforation using cone-beam computed tomography and nonsurgical root canal treatment utilizing orthograde mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) placement and thermoplasticized obturation technique, aided by sonic-irrigation, and intracanal medicament under magnification. In the later phase, based on the clinical and radiographical evaluation and addressing the complexities of the perforative resorptive lesion, surgical approach needed to be performed. A 6-month follow-up revealed the arrest of IRR and a satisfactory overall outcome. This case report discusses the etiology, prevalence, clinical decision-making, and therapeutic management of IRR.
Antimicrobial efficacy of modified gutta-percha for obturation – A systematic review
Authors: Manobharathi G. , Raghu Sandhya , Krishnan Aruna
Published: January 2025

Gutta Percha (GP) cones are made in an aseptic environment, a number of investigations have shown the presence of bacteria in recently opened boxes and this contamination rises with incorrect handling, storage and aerosol application. Numerous physicochemical techniques have been documented aiming to boost the antibacterial activity of GP cones while ensuring its obturation requirements. This systematic review aimed to critically evaluate the efficacy of antibacterial activity of GP modified with various antibacterial agents. The protocol for this systematic review has been registered with the PROSPERO International prospective register of systematic reviews, registry No. CRD42024573067. The search was carried out across reputable databases, including PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus and it was specifically designed to include articles published until March 2024. The search queries in the database were formulated with the basis of PICO questions in combination with various Boolean operators such as AND, OR. MeSH terms used for the search included GP, antibacterial agents, nanoparticles, root canal treatment, medicated GP. The extraction of the information was done by two independent authors. The evaluation of the methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using QUIN TOOL. This systematic review was reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA 2020) guidelines. Initial search yielded 51 studies from database search. Out of 51, 9 articles ultimately satisfied the requirements and were therefore discussed in the current systematic review. The included studies were assessed and data were extracted and tabulated. Based on the results of the current systematic review, modified GP with various antimicrobial agents showed significantly increased antibacterial effectiveness than standard GP.
The impact of organised educational campaigns on understanding of needle sticks injuries and related post-exposure HIV/AIDS prophylaxis
Authors: Garg Ram Kumar , Koundal Pooja , Sharma Poonam , Kumar Yogesh , Niwas Ram , Singh Jitendra
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

For those who often use needles, such as nurses and laboratory professionals, needle stick injuries are a fact of life. Even if it’s not medical waste, it can still happen if you touch garbage. Approximately 385,000 healthcare professionals stab themselves unintentionally each year. The likelihood of virus transmission after a skin puncture injury depends on the person who used the object in the first place, the quantity of blood involved, the type of needle or syringe in question, the length of time since it was last used, and the type of injury. Post-exposure prophylaxis should be taken into account.

Objective:

The objective of the study is to assess the impact of a structured educational campaign on nursing students’ understanding of needle stick injuries and related post-exposure prophylaxis for HIV/AIDS.

Methodology:

Quasi experimental research design was used. Sixty nursing students B.Sc (N) and GNM (N) 1st year students were selected by using purposive sampling technique. The study was conducted at selected private nursing colleges at District Kangra, Himachal Pradesh.

Results:

In the pre-test knowledge score, (25%) nursing students had poor level of knowledge, (66.66%) nursing students had average level of knowledge, and (8.34%) nursing students had good level of knowledge. The post-test knowledge score (43.34%) nursing students had good level of knowledge, (56.66%) nursing students had average level of knowledge, and (0%) nursing students had poor level of knowledge The t value in the group was 9.50 which were highly significant at P < 0.05 level.

Conclusion:

Compared to video-assisted instruction, the lecture and demonstration technique is more successful. The fact that both teaching techniques contribute to improving understanding of HIV/AIDS and needle stick injuries.
Obesity as a risk factor for COVID-19 breakthrough infection among the fully vaccinated urban population of South Gujarat – A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Jha Mayank , Kholwadwala Pratham , Kalariya Vatsal , Rani Mamta , Patel Jayant , Shah Hitesh , Shukla Rushikesh
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives:

There is more possibility of COVID-19 among obese people; hence, research into how well vaccinations work in this population should be focused. More scientific studies are required to document the effect of body mass index (BMI) on the usefulness of the adenovirus vector vaccine as reviews are lacking. This study was done to see the association between obesity with COVID-19 infections due to poor vaccine response among them.

Methods:

A cohort of fully vaccinated individuals of a city in western India were contacted, and a retrospective cohort study was conducted. An average of 400–425 participants among the obese group (exposed) and an average of 400–425 participants among the nonobese group were taken. Data on sociodemographic details, vaccination status, height and weight for BMI calculation, COVID-19 infection status, and its clinical features were collected using predesign, pretested, semistructured questionnaires. Societies were randomly selected from eight different zones of the city, and all the eligible individuals of the society available at the time of survey were interviewed. Data entry and analysis were done using Microsoft excel, Open Epi, Quantpsy, and SPSS-16 software. Relative risk and odds ratios were calculated in open epi software.

Results:

The ratio of obese to nonobese individuals was 1:1. Accordingly, 409 obese and 409 nonobese participants were recruited. The mean age of participants was 41.3 ± 14.9 years. As high as 144 (17.6%) of respondents were having history of previous infection before vaccination, and around 42 (5.1%) respondents of the overall study population were infected after the first dose of vaccination. The total count of people for infections before receiving a single dose of vaccination irrespective of body status was reported to be 144 (17.6%) out of a total of 818 candidates.

Interpretation and Conclusions:

We can conclude that not only obesity is a risk factor but also it increases the severity of COVID-19 infection.
Effectiveness of structured health education program on knowledge regarding forensic nursing among B.Sc. (Hons.) Nursing third- and fourth-year students of the College of Nursing, AIIMS Raipur
Authors: Chander Prem , Mathew Binu , Choudhary Priyanka , Rekha  , Choudhary Priyanka , Majumdar Ritu , Mandal Roji , Yadav Rupal
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

Forensic nursing is a nursing specialty and sub-specialties that focus on nursing practice who care for victims and offenders, living and deceased at the clinical legal interface.

Aims:

The aim of the article is to assess the effectiveness of health education on knowledge regarding forensic nursing among B.Sc. (Hons.) Nursing third- and fourth-year students of the College of Nursing, AIIMS Raipur.

Settings and Design:

The study was conducted at the College of Nursing, AIIMS Raipur.

Methods and Material:

Pre-experimental one-group pretest and posttest design without the control group was adopted. The sample size was 100 and selected using nonprobability convenience sampling technique. The data were collected by self-structured questionnaire through offline mode to assess the knowledge about forensic nursing. At the end of pretest, structured health education program was given, after seven days posttest was conducted.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Data were collected and analyzed by using both descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results:

In pretest, 72% students had poor knowledge and 28% had good knowledge. In posttest, there was a significant increase, only 21% had good knowledge and 79% had excellent knowledge regarding forensic nursing. The mean score of pretests was 10.18 and the mean score of posttests was 23.15 and the mean improvement was 12.97, the paired t value obtained for knowledge was 31.85 which was found significant at 0.05 level (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:

Result of the study demonstrated that health education program was effective in improving the knowledge among students regarding forensic nursing. The results concluded that the importance of specific training in forensic nursing and support the need of development of a curricular unit in this area for inclusion in nursing curricula.
Enhancing anthropometric proficiency: Effect of a structured training program on skills of Anganwadi workers in rural areas of Raebareli District, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Shukla Mukesh , Singh Abhay , Paul Sourabh , Kumar Mritunjay , Bedi Ravinder Singh
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Context:

Anganwadi workers (AWWs) require technical skills for growth monitoring of under-five children. Anthropometric skills help Anganwadi workers assess any changes or deterioration in the normal growth of children.

Aims:

To determine the effect of a structured training program on the anthropometric skills of Anganwadi workers in rural areas of Raebareli district in Uttar Pradesh.

Settings and Design:

A community-based interventional study, was conducted among 162 AWWs, 73 from Salon and 89 from Rahi development blocks of Raebareli district.

Methods and Material:

The skills of AWWs in anthropometric measurement domains (weight, height/length, and mid-upper arm circumference) were assessed using a pre-tested observatory checklist both before and after the training sessions. The skills for each domain were assessed on four points i.e. standard procedure applied to the child, assurance of safety precautions, observer protocol during anthropometry, and precision and accuracy in recording measurement.

Statistical Analysis Used:

The McNemar Chi-square test was used for paired categorical data analysis. P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Results:

The mean age of the study population was 43.30 ± 9.68 years. The mean years of their job was 16.68 + 7.38 years. About one-fourth (26.5%) of AWWs had received training within the last three years. Inadequate/non-functional equipment (9.8%), low honorarium (29.4%), interruption in timely supply of supplementary food (6.3%), non-cooperation of the community (84.6%), insufficient space (58.0%), and availability of periodic job aids (16.8%) were the major challenges that were faced by ICDS workers. The anthropometric skills of the AWWs were found to improve significantly in almost all the domains. The proportion of AWWs following standard procedure, assurance of safety precautions, observer protocol during anthropometry, precision, and accuracy on recording measurement were found to increase significantly after a structured training program. (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:

A structured training programme focusing anthropometric skills on play an important role in increasing the skills of AWWs in growth monitoring. AWWs’ capacity to monitor child growth must be refreshed regularly through separate focussed training programs rather than during comprehensive sessions.
Exclusive breastfeeding practices and factors affecting them in urban areas of Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Sharma Prakhar , Bansal Neha , Kaul Abha
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

Exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months is the recommended infant feeding practice, with established benefits. In India, exclusive breastfeeding rates have seen some improvement, but Uttar Pradesh has experienced a decline. Various factors influence breastfeeding practices, such as socio-cultural beliefs, maternal knowledge, and support. Considering urbanization, industrialization, and a significant migrant population, it is crucial to understand the determinants of breastfeeding practices in urban Uttar Pradesh. This study aimed to fill these knowledge gaps by examining factors influencing breastfeeding practices in the region.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted at Sharda Hospital’s Pediatrics Outpatient Department (OPD) in Uttar Pradesh over 1.5 years from January 1, 2019 to June 30, 2020. The minimum sample size of 96 was determined for the study. Study participants included 200 mothers with children aged 6 months to 2 years attending the Pediatrics OPD. Data were collected through a 42-item questionnaire administered by trained interviewers who ensured privacy and comfort. Data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences, including descriptive statistics and the Chi-square test for categorical variables (P < 0.05).

Results:

The study involved 200 mothers with children aged 6 months to 2 years attending a Pediatrics OPD in Uttar Pradesh. Mothers aged 21–30 years (78%) were predominant. Among the children, 62.5% were male. Colostrum was given by 86% of mothers, and 40% introduced pre-lacteal feeds. Exclusive breastfeeding was practiced by 60% of mothers. The analysis did not show statistically significant differences based on socio-economic status, maternal education, or occupation (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the findings from this study provide a comprehensive understanding of feeding practices among mothers in urban areas of Uttar Pradesh. While many mothers adhere to recommended practices, there is room for improvement in reducing pre-lacteal feeding and promoting exclusive breastfeeding.
Covering for uncertainty; family as the complex adaptive system in times of polycrisis
Authors: Raina Sunil Kumar
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Development of a modern healthcare system largely utilising the limited relations model of the west needs an urgent revision . The strength of the Indian and other eastern civilizations has been the central place that family has always occupied in obtaining healthcare. In the emerging era of health polycrisis, nothing offers a more resilient counter to uncertainty than “family”.
Knowledge of mothers regarding infant’s developmental milestones in four domains (gross motor, fine motor, language and personal and social) – A cross sectional study
Authors: Thakur Pooja , Gupta Nalina
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

In India, children with neurodevelopmental disabilities are being referred late. One of the possible reasons could be lack of mothers’ knowledge regarding developmental milestones. Hence, the objective of this study was to assess the knowledge of mothers regarding infants’ developmental milestones in four domains using a self-drafted questionnaire and to enlist the factors influencing mothers’ knowledge if any.

Methods:

This was an observational study. The study was conducted using a questionnaire which was drafted, face-validated, and pilot-tested. The final drafted questionnaire was used for the data collection. The duration for data collection was June 2019 to November 2019; data were collected from Dhiraj General Hospital. Inclusion criteria of the study were mothers in the age range of 18–40 years and those who were willing to participate in the study. A total of 100 mothers were interviewed on one-to-one interview basis. Collected data were entered in Excel sheets and were analyzed using descriptive analysis.

Results:

73% mothers were aware regarding head holding in the gross motor domain, 61% mothers were aware regarding hand to mouth in the fine motor domain, 41% mothers were aware regarding bisyllables in the language domain, and 64% mothers were aware regarding when an infant starts waving bye-bye in the personal social domain.

Conclusions:

Mothers were more aware about the gross motor and personal-social milestones as compared to that of language and fine motor milestones. Our results cannot be generalized.
The type of infections and the use of antibiotics among patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A review
Authors: Alshammari Asma D. , Aldhafeeri Mona Matar , Aldhafeeri Amal M. , Alanzi Maram Asaad , Almutairi Maha Bandar , Alrasheedi Jawaher Abdullah , Alsurur Thikra Adel , Alshammri Aeshah Dhahawi
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis have a heightened susceptibility to infections, which may lead to higher rates of illness and death. The heightened susceptibility may arise from the illness itself, which causes changes in the body’s innate cellular defense mechanisms, or from the medications used to manage the condition. The precise level of risk for infections associated with traditional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs has not been fully elucidated. This review aimed To investigate the type of infections and the use of antibiotics among patients with rheumatoid arthritis. An electronic literature search was conducted using the MEDLINE database, with the indicated search keywords: infections, antibiotics, use, patients, rheumatoid, and arthritis. To identify relevant information, the search was limited to articles published between 2017 and 2024. The researchers used suitable search terms on Google Scholar to discover and examine relevant scholarly articles. The selection of articles was determined by several inclusion criteria. The research included publications that were published from 2017 to 2024. The study was organized into many sections, each including particular categories within the analysis section.we reportrd that : Within the developing age of focused synthetic treatments for RA, severe infections persist as the primary consequence of long-term treatment. In all patients with rheumatoid arthritis, it is necessary to conduct initial screenings for hepatitis B virus and tuberculosis. Additionally, it is important to administer vaccinations for specific pathogens (such as pneumococcal, herpes zoster, and influenza) before and during treatment. Aggressive therapy should be pursued to effectively manage disease activity in RA patients, while also maintaining constant vigilance for early signs of infections. Extra care should be given to senior rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients who are over 65 years old and have other medical conditions. These people are often more susceptible to developing infections, regardless of the medication they get. The trials conducted with different antibiotics have confirmed the effectiveness of these medications in treating rheumatoid arthritis. Thus, it is plausible that the culprit responsible for rheumatoid arthritis is a microbe, namely periodontopathic bacteria.
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma presenting as acute lumbosacral plexopathy with persistent lower back pain and fatigability
Authors: Ghosh Ritwik , León-Ruiz Moisés , Mondal Abdus S. , Dubey Souvik , Benito-León Julián
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Various types of lymphoma can involve the lumbosacral plexus, mainly diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, in which cancer-related persistent fatigue and fatigability (a new concept that assesses fatigue to specific activities) can occur. We report a rare case of acute right L2-S1 lumbosacral plexopathy secondary to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, presenting with persistent lower back pain and pronounced fatigability. A 49-year-old male with controlled primary hypothyroidism experienced progressive lower back pain extending to the right lower limb, accompanied by dysesthesias and significant fatigue exacerbated by physical activities. Clinical examination revealed asymmetrical lower limb weakness, an absent right ankle reflex, and a positive straight leg raise test indicative of lumbosacral plexopathy. Comprehensive serological and imaging evaluations, including MRI and 18F-FDG PET-CT, identified lumbosacral spine lesions and widespread lymphomatous involvement. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the presence of CD20+, CD10+, bcl2+, bcl6+, and MUM1+ cells, establishing a diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. This case underscores the importance of considering lymphomatous lumbosacral plexopathy in the differential diagnosis of fatigability and lower back pain to prevent misdiagnosis and ensure timely, appropriate treatment. Further studies are suggested to explore the implications of lymphoma on neuropathy and chronic fatigability among survivors.
Evaluation of the relationship between adversity quotient, professional identity, and perceived humanistic care of head nurses in Master’s Degrees in nursings
Authors: Haina Cai , Lingna Gu , Qingqing He , Yang Wang , Zejun Cai , Chuan Tian , Qinghong Xu
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

High-level nursing talents play an important role in solving nursing scientific problems and leading nursing innovation, so the construction of high-level nursing talents has become a necessary guarantee for the health strategy in the new era. Managers have high expectations for master’s degree in nursing, hoping that they will develop in all aspects of research, teaching, and professionalism, etc. However, the high expectations of managers have led to unclear job orientation, high clinical and scientific research pressure, and low recognition of nurses’ sense of professional value from the outside world, which have led to the lowering of master’s degree of professional identity and the tendency to leave the profession, which is not conducive to the stabilization of the nursing workforce.

Purpose:

To explore the influence of adversity quotient, perceived humanistic care of nurse leaders on professional identity of nursing masters, and to clarify the relationship model between the three.

Methods:

A convenience sampling method was used to conduct an online questionnaire survey on 160 master’s degree nursing students in Ningbo and Shanghai from July to September 2022 using the general information questionnaire, adversity quotient, career identity and perceived humanistic care of nurse leaders scale.

Results:

Adversity quotient, occupational identity and perceived humanistic care of nurse leaders were all at a moderate level. Adversity quotient (r = 0.430, P < 0.01), perceived humanistic care of nurse leaders (r = 0.443, P < 0.01) and occupational identity were positively correlated, and perceived humanistic care of nurse leaders could affect occupational identity through the mediating effect of adversity quotient, with the mediating effect accounting for 31.8%.

Conclusion:

Nursing managers should create a good organizational atmosphere, build a training system for adversity quotient courses, conduct regular assessment and humanistic care to improve the ability of nursing masters to face adversity and enhance the awareness of their own professional values.
Untangling a case of dapsone-induced acute liver injury
Authors: Meghana V , Ravindran Divya , Pasupathy Umapathy
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome, although rare, may manifest with fever, rash, and multi-organ failure, mimicking other common diseases. This case study involves a 9-year-old female patient presenting with fever and acute liver injury, in which the intake of dapsone was not revealed until much later. We discuss how the diagnosis was made and the successful outcome following prompt treatment. A high index of suspicion and vigilant history-taking, along with a detailed past treatment history, can provide early clues in reaching a diagnosis. Early intervention with systemic corticosteroids improves the outcome of dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome and can prevent mortality.
Changes in primary healthcare workforce burnout during and after the termination of COVID-19 emergency response: A one-and-half-year observational study
Authors: Wu Xueji , Ruan Huihong , Feng Xiaoying , Xie Chaojun , O’Donnell Ronald R. , Zhang Zhoubin
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

Primary healthcare workforce (PHCW) should be suffered from less burnout after the termination of the COVID-19 response. The current study compared the changes in the three dimensions of burnout in PHCW during and after the response.

Methods:

Two convenience-sampling, online, cross-sectional questionnaire studies were conducted in local PHCW. Studies were administered in April 2022 and 8 months after the termination. Burnout was measured by the Chinese version of 15-item Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey, which assesses three dimensions: emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and reduced personal accomplishment (reduced PA). The primary outcome was the prevalence of its three dimensions. Data on demographics, work environment, health conditions, and outlets for stress reduction were collected. We compared burnout and associated factors between the study periods by using Student’s t-test, Chi test, or Mann‒Whitney test. The association between factors and burnout was identified by a logistic regression model.

Results:

In total, 162 and 200 participants completed the questionnaires during and after the response. No significant differences in demographics, including age, gender, education attainment, work experience, or seniority level were observed. The prevalence of burnout-free status was similar (9.9% vs 12.5%, P = 0.434) between the two periods. Severe burnout decreased from 45.7% to 0%, and moderate burnout nearly doubled after the response. The prevalence of EE decreased the most, by 55.0%, followed by that of DP, which decreased by 38.4% (all P < 0.001); however, there was no difference in the prevalence of reduced PA (77.2% vs 74.5%, P = 0.557). Logistic regression showed that promotion and alcohol consumption decreased the risk of EE. Considering leaving the job increases the risk of DP, a lower self-evaluated health score and more distress were associated with EE and DP. Exercise decreased the risk of reduced PA.

Conclusions:

Inconsistent with the hypothesis, we found that severe burnout decreased, but moderate burnout increased in PHCWs after the response. EE and DP decreased more, but reduced PA had no change. Incentives, improved self-evaluated health conditions, alcohol consumption, and exercise ameliorate burnout. Healthcare policy makers must consider multiple effective ways to mitigate burnout in the post-epidemic era.
Atypical presentation of anorexia nervosa pediatric patient: A multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and management
Authors: Al Masseri Zainab , Aljawad Afnan , Alkashi Zahrah , Albaik Nadeer
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

This case report describes the complex presentation, diagnostic problems, and multidisciplinary therapy of a 13-year-old Syrian girl with an unusual form of anorexia nervosa (AN). The goal is to improve understanding of AN’s varied clinical spectrum while emphasizing the significance of a complete diagnostic approach and multidisciplinary therapy in juvenile cases. The patient reported considerable weight loss, amenorrhea, and physical indications of starvation over the previous two months. Notably, she did not exhibit the typical psychological symptoms linked with AN. Extensive examinations, including gastrointestinal, endocrinology, rheumatology, psychology, psychiatry, and neurology, were carried out to determine the underlying reason and develop a personalized care plan. The diagnostic process found unexpected traits that challenged established AN criteria. A multidisciplinary approach aided incorrect diagnosis and guided a treatment strategy that included nutritional rehabilitation, psychosocial support, and medical measures. The patient’s outcomes included weight gain, menstruation resumption, and hormonal and physical parameter normalization. This instance contributes to our growing understanding of AN as a group of illnesses with a variety of clinical manifestations. The patient’s atypical traits highlight the necessity for flexible diagnostic criteria and personalized, multidisciplinary care. The favorable outcomes demonstrate the possibility for positive outcomes with a complete strategy, paving the door for further investigation of diagnostic frameworks and treatment techniques in pediatric AN cases.
Clinico-demographic factors affecting mortality in COVID-19 patients at a health care facility, Western Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Singh Swati , Sisodia Anupam , Athwani Meghna
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a global problem, has affected all aspects of health, that is, physical, social, and mental. Our study aimed to describe various social-demographic factors and existing comorbidities that affected mortality in COVID-19 admitted patients.

Materials and Methods:

This was a hospital-based retrospective study. The study included medical records of COVID-19 patients admitted from April 2021 to August 2021. Data was entered in Microsoft Excel 2013 and analyzed in STATA version 18.0. The Chi-square test, unpaired t-test, and Cox proportional hazard model were employed for analysis.

Results:

Of the total 1156 admitted patients, 103 hospitalized patients progressed to death (8.91%). Factors found to be significant with non-survivorship were age, residence, admission status, and coexisting comorbidities. In hazard analysis, geriatric patients had 4.358 times more hazard of death. Patients with diabetes and hypertension had two times higher hazard of death than patients without these comorbidities.

Conclusion:

Mortality of patients was substantially higher in patients’ ages above 60 years and patients with comorbidities. Therefore, close monitoring and priority treatment should be provided to elderly patients and patients with comorbidities.
Attenuation of Endothelial Dysfunction in Diabetes Mellitus: An Integral Characteristic of Anti-Diabetic Medications
Authors: Ugwueze Chidiebere V.
Published: January 2025

Background:

The complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) have incapacitated many patients, especially in poor-income countries. DM is an endocrine disease but its far-reaching complications arise from cardiovascular derangements. The cardiovascular complications usually stem from endothelial dysfunction, which culminates in atherosclerosis. Progressively, atherosclerosis results in microvascular and macrovascular complications.

Materials and Methods:

Literature searches were carried out in Google, PubMed, and MEDLINE using the following keywords: DM, endothelial dysfunction, biomarkers, anti-diabetic drugs, C-reactive protein (CRP), and intercellular adhesion molecule. Original articles, systematic reviews, and meta-analytic articles were reviewed, and important findings were incorporated into this review.

The review aims to evaluate mechanisms responsible for endothelial dysfunction in diabetes. Endothelial dysfunction may arise from one or a combination of these molecular mechanisms: (i) decreased nitric oxide synthesis, (ii) activation of protein kinase C and reactive oxygen species generation, (iii) activity of advanced glycation endproducts, (iv) activation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and (iv) defective insulin signaling and so on. The biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction were also explored and they include CRP, intracellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, microalbuminuria, asymmetric dimethylarginine, Toll-like receptors, and others. The review also evaluated the effectiveness of anti-diabetic medications in modulating the biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction in diabetic patients.
Unusual Case of a Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State in a Young Adult with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Rehman Yahya Ur
Published: January 2025

Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic State (HHS) is a severe acute complication primarily associated with type 2 diabetes but very rare in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). T1DM necessitates consistent insulin management to prevent acute complications such as HHS. HHS is characterized by extreme hyperglycemia (exceeding 600 mg/dL), significant dehydration, and hyperosmolarity, typically without the presence of significant ketosis or acidosis. This condition leads to an altered mental status, which can range from confusion to coma, whereas diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is more commonly observed in T1DM and is characterized by hyperglycemia (generally lower than in HHS), ketosis, and metabolic acidosis due to the breakdown of fats into ketones. DKA presents with symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and deep, rapid breathing (Kussmaul respirations). The presence of acidosis distinguishes DKA from HHS and necessitates a different treatment approach. HHS has a higher mortality rate than that of DKA due to its more insidious onset and the severity of dehydration and electrolyte imbalance that often accompany it. We present the case of an 18-year-old male with T1DM, who experienced HHS due to irregular insulin use caused by work and financial constraints, alongside a diet high in sugary foods, necessitating emergency intervention.
A Cross-Sectional Study to Evaluate the Prevalence and Distribution of MASLD using Vibration-Controlled Transient Elastography in the General Population
Authors: Chhaya Gaurav , Jhaveri Kunal , Parikh Bhavini
Published: January 2025

Background:

The increasing prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has plagued the general population of the world, which has revised the nomenclature of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Transient elastography is one of the key screening methods for MASLD to evaluate the presence of fat and fibrosis in the liver.

Materials and Methods:

This was a cross-sectional, observational study performed at the single diabetology center of Ahmedabad, in participants aged 18 years and above, and having any one cardio-metabolic risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, dyslipidemia, or obesity. Their lipid, sugar, and transient elastography parameters; controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) were recorded.

Results:

In data of 141 participants, the presence of co-morbid conditions such as obesity (80.14%) was most common, followed by T2DM in 45.4%, while 79.5% had steatosis (> S0) and 27.6% had fibrosis (> F0/F1). Co-morbid conditions like higher weight and history of myocardial infarction (MI) were the major risk factors associated with increased CAP score, whereas higher weight and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were the risk factors for increased LSM values. Fibrosis index-4 score has a poor correlation with the LSM and CAP score individually.

Conclusion:

The distribution of liver fibrosis and steatosis assessed using the CAP and LSM score, in MASLD individuals, is prevalent among patients with a history of MI and excess weight; while higher HbA1c is significantly associated with LSM score only.
Takayasu arteritis associated with autoimmune thyroiditis: A case report, clinical presentation, and treatment with monoclonal antibody
Authors: Ansari Qudsiya , Ali Owais , Unki Praveen , Rathi Surbhi
Published: January 2025

Takayasu arteritis (TA), also known as “pulseless disease,” is a chronic large vessel vasculitis of unknown etiology that predominantly involves the aorta and its major branches. TA occurs worldwide and can affect all ethnic groups; the disease is most common in Asians. In this case report, we present a case of 15-year-old female, with a history of autoimmune thyroiditis presented with transient ischemic attack, the absence of peripheral and feeble central pulses with bruits that could be heard along the carotid, renal, and abdominal arteries, and a difference of > 10 mmHg in systolic blood pressure between arms. She was diagnosed clinically with TA. Digital subtraction angiography revealed aortoarteritis with involvement of bilateral subclavian, left proximal common carotid artery, and abdominal aorta. The patient was started on high-dose corticosteroid and methotrexate but due to steroid toxicity shifted to injection tocilizumab. She is on treatment and asymptomatic.
Neonatal presentation of factor X deficiency
Authors: Patra Arjani , Ansari Qudsiya , Randad Kailas G. , Singh Vinaya Ajaykumar
Published: January 2025

Factor X is a Vitamin K-dependent serine protease synthesized in the liver. It is a key factor of the coagulation cascade as it is the first enzyme of a common pathway that leads to the formation of a stable fibrin clot. Both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways can lead to factor X activation. Inherited factor X deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive bleeding disorder. Inherited factor X deficiency is caused by mutations of the factor X gene that result in reduced or aberrant function of the factor X protein. Symptomatically, homozygous patients with severe hemorrhagic symptoms present early in the neonatal or childhood period, whereas symptomatic heterozygotes may bleed only after severe major surgery or trauma. Here, we present a case of neonate presented with bleeding manifestation. The clinical manifestation and hematological workup showed a severe factor X deficiency.