bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tempo-spatially modulated Mueller matrix imaging polarimeter based on modified Savart polariscopes
Authors: Cao Qizhi , Mao Zhiyuan , Jia Chenling , Zhang Yilin , Jiang Min , Baiyang Chenshu , Su Yiming , Zhang Jing , Fan Dongxin , Ting Deng
Published: December 2024

Mueller matrix polarization measurement technique, as a non-invasive and label-free, provides comprehensive optical information on polarization-related and structural characteristics of the measured target. It has been widely applied in biomedical, agricultural, and industrial fields. However, the traditional time-division modulation Mueller matrix measurement method requires multiple measurements, which suffers from long measurement time and susceptibility to cumulative errors from moving parts. The snapshot spatial modulation method can capture the target's interferograms and the full Mueller matrix element images in a single exposure, but it suffers from lower spatial resolution. To address the strengths and limitations of both temporal and spatial modulation, this paper proposes a tempo-spatially modulated Mueller matrix imaging polarimeter (TSM-MMIP). This approach is based on the Stokes imaging polarimeter with the modified Savart plates as the core device, allowing the acquisition of the 16 Mueller matrix elements of the target with only four measurements. Through computer simulation and experimental platforms, we validate that the structural similarity of Mueller matrix elements between input and output exceeds 0.85, which demonstrates the reliability and feasibility of the proposed method. In addition, we use a bee wing as a target to reveal the potential of this technique to analyze the polarization characteristics of targets by extracting and analyzing key parameters of the Mueller matrix.
A 1.6 µm dual-channel cylindrical vector laser enabling multi-state shift keying
Authors: Zhang Shurui , Song Rui , Zhang Zhichao , Hai Lan , Gao Chunqing , Fu Shiyao
Published: December 2024

A 1645 nm end-pumped dual-channel Er:YAG vector laser that could generate two cylindrical vector (CV) beams simultaneously with different polarization orders is demonstrated. The laser is designed in a two-arm structure, wherein each arm places a q-plate (QP) to introduce intra-cavity spin-orbital angular momentum conversion, leading to the oscillation of two various CV modes in two arms, and finally output along two directions, respectively. The favorable experimental results illustrate high power stability and polarization mode purity. Furthermore, an additional setup is built to demonstrate the potential of the proposed dual-channel CV laser in data transmission. By placing additional acousto-optic modulators, the output dual CV modes are encoded to represent different digital symbols and achieve successful data transmission in free space.
Low temperature catalytic growth graphene with V2O5 prepared with the oxidation method and its application in optoelectronic devices
Authors: Zhao Yuchen , Deng Jun , Yu Xueyan , Wang Kuijin , Zhou Wenjuan , Mu Xinbo
Published: December 2024

Based on our previous research on the phase transition property of non-metallic vanadium oxide for low-temperature catalytic growth of graphene, we further propose that V thin films can be deposited by sputtering and then V2O5 thin films can be prepared by oxidizing the V thin films at 400 °C in a rapid annealing furnace with oxygen, which has a better crystalline structure and surface than the V2O5 thin films directly deposited by sputtering. The V2O5 prepared by oxidation was used to catalyze the growth of graphene at 300 °C in a PECVD furnace. During the growth process, a 10-fold increase in the H2 flow rate (200 sccm) was used to repair and eliminate the suspension bonds and defects of graphene, and the quality of graphene films was improved. Due to the high resistivity of V2O5 at room temperature, V2O5 can be directly used as the interlayer of the device, and the graphene-V2O5-Si (GVS) structure photodetector is proposed, which avoids the damage and impact of the transfer process and catalytic layer removal process in the conventional graphene device process. Additionally, because of the negative temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) of vanadium oxide materials, the optical response of the GVS device is further extended to 1550 nm.
Salt restriction induced hyponatremia in hypertensive patients in Rwanda: A case control study
Authors: BIZIMANA Emmanuel , RUTAGANDA Eric , MUGENI Adeline , UWUMURYANGO Prisca
Published: December 2024

Background

Salt restriction is a fundamental principle in the non-pharmacological management of hypertension. The World Health Organization recommends a daily sodium intake of less than 2 g/day. In East African countries, particularly Rwanda, there is a known prevalence of low sodium intake, with a mean sodium intake of 1.6 g/day. However, despite this dietary habit, the national protocol for treating hypertension, as well as common clinical practice, often fail to account for the low salt intake in Rwandan communities. Hypertensive patients are still frequently advised to reduce their salt intake, and in some cases, they are instructed to eliminate salt entirely.

Objectives

This study was designed to determine the association between salt restriction and hyponatremia in hypertensive patients.

Methods

A case-control study was conducted over a period of 6 months at two tertiary hospitals in Rwanda, with hyponatremia as the outcome variable and salt restriction as the exposure variable. Age, gender, and use of diuretics were matched between the case and control groups. Serum sodium concentrations were measured, and participants were then categorized into groups. Questionnaires were used for interviews.

Results

245 participants meeting the inclusion criteria were selected, with 110 (44.9%) classified as cases and 135 (55.1%) as controls. Among them, 159 (64.8%) participants were restricted from consuming salt, with 74 (46.5%) following a salt-free diet. The odds of developing hyponatremia were 9.90 (95% CI, p < 0.001) among salt-restricted participants.

Conclusion

There is a strong association between salt restriction and hyponatremia in hypertensive patients on treatment in this study.
Caregiver approaches, resiliencies, and experiences raising individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: A study protocol paper
Authors: Flannigan Katherine , Edwards Devon C. , Reid Dorothy , McFarlane Audrey , Pei Jacqueline
Published: December 2024

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disability characterized by a range of brain- and body-based difficulties which, when left unsupported, can lead to experiences of significant adversity across the lifespan. Caregivers of individuals with FASD play a critical role in advocating and supporting healthy outcomes for individuals with FASD, and most caregiver research to date has been focused on stressors and challenges. Very few studies have been conducted to systematically capture the full experience of caring for someone with FASD across the lifespan, including perspectives, concerns, as well as strengths and successes of caregivers and their families. Collaborative research with individuals with living experience is essential for understanding needs and supporting healthy outcomes for individuals with FASD and their families, and caregivers are in a unique and important position to provide perspectives and share living expertise. Therefore, the current study was developed collaboratively with caregivers and researchers to capture the many aspects of caregivers’ contexts, concerns, needs, and successes in raising individuals with FASD. In this study protocol paper, we describe the rationale, development, design, and anticipated impacts of this research. The goal of this paper is to share information about why and how this study is being done, and potentially guide other teams in developing similar projects to better understand caregivers’ experiences, needs, and successes. Documenting and giving voice to the breadth and depth of caregiver experiences will help us to tailor services and supports, develop resources, stimulate knowledge translation based in resilience and protective factors, guide future studies, and inform evidence-based policy initiatives.
Influence of clinical risk factors for preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) on the elastic strength of fetal membranes at term: A prospective study
Authors: Robin Amaury , Tessier Doyen Nicolas , Ben Rhaiem Sami , Valette Nancy , Fermeaux Véronique , Preux Pierre-Marie , Martinez Sophie , Eyraud Jean-Luc , El Hamel Chahrazed , Riethmuller Didier , Coste Mazeau Perrine
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) before 37 weeks of gestation is a common obstetrical event, whose pathophysiology is still poorly understood. Our objective was to study the mechanical strength of fetal membranes in women with a clinical risk factor for preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM).

Methods

We included, in a prospective, descriptive, single-center study, patients scheduled for cesarean section at term (≥ 37 weeks of gestation). For each patient, we performed uniaxial tensile tests on fetal membranes with a universal testing machine equipped with a force sensor (EZ20®, Lloyds), allowing the recording of an applied force/time curve. We collected maximum force (Fmax), maximum stress (σMax), and Young’s modulus of elasticity. The thickness of each membrane sample was also measured. We compared the values obtained according to certain clinical risk factors for PPROM such as age, body mass index, gravidity, parity, a history of PPROM or preterm birth, smoking, gestational diabetes, geographic origin, and socioeconomic level.

Results

We analyzed 31 patients and found no association between the studied risk factors and σMax. Fmax was lower in primiparous patients (p = 0.02) but increased with patient parity (p = 0.005). Gestational diabetes was associated with a higher Fmax (p = 0.033) and sub-Saharan geographical origin with a greater thickness (p = 0.0043). As membrane thickness increased, σMax (p = 0.009) and Young’s modulus decreased (p = 0.037).

Conclusion

Primiparous patients have lower membrane mechanical strength than patients who have had one or more deliveries. Mechanically, the thicker membranes are less rigid and less resistant.
Seamless trials in oncology: A cross-sectional analysis of characteristics and reporting
Authors: Klas Katarzyna , Strzebonska Karolina , Buedo Paola , Włodarczyk Alicja , Gordon Samuel , Kaszuba Paulina , Polak Maciej , Waligora Marcin
Published: December 2024

Objectives

Seamless clinical trials have received much attention as a possible way to expedite drug development. The growing importance of seamless design can be seen in oncology research, especially in the early stages of drug development. Our objective is to examine the basic characteristics of seamless early-phase oncology trials registered on the ClinicalTrials.gov database and to determine their results reporting rates. We also aim to identify factors associated with results reporting.

Methods

Cross-sectional study. We defined seamless early-phase trials as either those registered as Phase 1/2 or Phase 1 with planned expansion cohort(s). Using the ClinicalTrials.gov registry, we searched for interventional cancer clinical trials with primary completion date (PCD) between 2016 and 2020. After trial selection, we performed manual data extraction based on the trial record description and the results posted in the trial registry. We used logistic regression to search for predictors of results reporting. Protocol: https://osf.io/m346x/.

Results

We included 1051 seamless early-phase oncology trials reported as completed (PCD) between 2016 and 2020. We provided descriptive statistics including the number of patients enrolled, study start date, primary completion date, funding, type of intervention, cancer type, design details, type of endpoints, recruitment regions, and number of trial sites. Overall, only 34.7% trials reported results on ClinicalTrials.gov. The results reporting rates for 24 months was 24.0%. The overall reporting rate for Phase 1/2 studies was over three times higher than for seamless Phase 1.

Conclusions

Our study provides cross-sectional data on seamless early-phase oncology trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. We highlight the challenges of the evolving clinical trial design landscape and the problem of missing results in the seamless design context, which raises serious ethical concerns. Efforts should be made to adapt the functionality of the ClinicalTrials.gov database to emerging clinical trial models.
Investigating the Triple Code Model in numerical cognition using stereotactic electroencephalography
Authors: Rockhill Alexander P. , Tan Hao , Lopez Ramos Christian G. , Nerison Caleb , Shafie Beck , Shahin Maryam N. , Fecker Adeline , Ismail Mostafa , Cleary Daniel R. , Collins Kelly L. , Raslan Ahmed M.
Published: December 2024

The ability to conceptualize numerical quantities is an essential human trait. According to the “Triple Code Model” in numerical cognition, distinct neural substrates encode the processing of visual, auditory, and non-symbolic numerical representations. While our contemporary understanding of human number cognition has benefited greatly from advances in clinical imaging, limited studies have investigated the intracranial electrophysiological correlates of number processing. In this study, 13 subjects undergoing stereotactic electroencephalography for epilepsy participated in a number recognition task. Drawing upon postulates of the Triple Code Model, we presented subjects with numerical stimuli varying in representation type (symbolic vs. non-symbolic) and mode of stimuli delivery (visual vs. auditory). Time-frequency spectrograms were dimensionally reduced with principal component analysis and passed into a linear support vector machine classification algorithm to identify regions associated with number perception compared to inter-trial periods. Across representation formats, the highest classification accuracy was observed in the bilateral parietal lobes. Auditory (spoken and beeps) and visual (Arabic) number formats preferentially engaged the superior temporal cortices and the frontoparietal regions, respectively. The left parietal cortex was found to have the highest classification for number dots. Notably, the putamen exhibited robust classification accuracies in response to numerical stimuli. Analyses of spectral feature maps revealed that non-gamma frequency, below 30 Hz, had greater-than-chance classification value and could be potentially used to characterize format specific number representations. Taken together, our findings obtained from intracranial recordings provide further support and expand on the Triple Code Model for numerical cognition.
Breed differentiation in northern Ethiopian cattle: The application of univariate and multivariate analyses of phenotypic traits
Authors: Mustefa Amine , Hayelom Mulata , Melak Awoke
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study was to characterize and differentiate the Adwa, Arado, Medenes, and Begait cattle breeds in northern Ethiopia via univariate and multivariate analyses of phenotypic traits. Sixteen qualitative characteristics and nine morphometric traits were recorded for a total of 946 (604 females and 342 males) purposively selected adult cattle. The frequency, general linear model (GLM), and canonical discriminant (CANDISC) analysis procedures of the Statistical Analysis Software (SAS 9.0) were used to analyze the data. Qualitatively, Medenes and Begait, cattle breeds from lowland agroecology and livestock-based production systems, possess a convex facial profile, relatively larger dewlap, naval flap, and perpetual sheath, as well as more uniform and lighter body colors than the Adwa and Arado cattle breeds, which are from the midland agroecology and mixed crop–livestock production systems. Morphometrically, clear differences were observed among all of the studied cattle breeds, where the Begait, Medenes, Arado, and Adwa cattle breeds were ordered in descending order according to their overall body size. Moreover, multivariate analysis revealed significant differences among the breeds where each breed was placed under a separate group. However, such phenotypic distinctions among the four cattle breeds do not necessarily indicate genetic dissimilarities. Therefore, further inclusive genetic characterization studies involving the use of representative samples from the Adwa and Medenes cattle breeds are recommended to quantify the degree of genetic relationships among these breeds. Moreover, owing to the unknown breed-level population size, urgent conservation programs as well as genetic improvement strategies are needed to ensure sustainable utilization.
Acute adverse reactions after multiple initially well-tolerated gadolinium-based contrast-enhanced abdomen MRIs in pediatric patients
Authors: Hojreh Azadeh , Mulabdic Amra , Heilos Andreas , Peyrl Andreas , Lampichler Katharina , Raudner Marcus , Tamandl Dietmar , Ba-Ssalamah Ahmed , Szepfalusi Zsolt
Published: December 2024

Purpose

Repeated gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA)-enhanced MRIs are crucial in the diagnosis and follow-up of oncologic and chronic disorders in pediatric patients. The aim of the study was to evaluate the frequency and severity of adverse reactions to GBCAs in children after a single vs. multiple GBCA-enhanced abdomen MRIs.

Material and methods

All pediatric patients with at least one GBCA-enhanced abdominal MRI between 2009 and 2020 were retrospectively evaluated based on adverse reactions reports, according to the classification system of the American College of Radiology and guidelines on contrast agents of the European Society of Urogenital Radiology. A Student´s t-test analysis, a spearman ρ-correlation and a Chi-square test between the reported adverse reactions and the total number of GBCA applications, and the number of each applied GBCA was calculated. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant.

Results

Of 623 patients with 964 GBCA-enhanced abdomen MRIs, there were 464 patients with only one and 159 patients with multiple GBCA administrations. Of 964 GBCA doses administrated, two cases with urticaria (mild allergy-like adverse reaction) and one case with vomiting (mild chemotoxic adverse reaction) were recorded (3/964 = 0.31%), but all the reports were in patients with multiple GBCA administration (3/159 = 1.89%). No adverse reactions in patients with a single GBCA administration were observed. The reported adverse reactions correlated significantly with the total number of GBCAs (p<0.001) and the number of each GBCA (p<0.001 or p = 0.002). The independent two-tailed t-tests, and the chi-square test were significant (p<0.001, p = 0.003).

Conclusion

GBCA-associated adverse reactions are rare and mostly mild, but initially well-tolerated GBCA could cause adverse reactions due to the increase likelihood of drug hypersensitivity upon repeated GBCA exposure.
Are managers of emerging markets more opportunistic? application of Benford’s Law
Authors: Hassan Shoaib , Aksar Muhammad , Ahmad Maqbool , Kajanova Jana
Published: December 2024

Purpose

The current research analyzes cosmetic earnings management practices in emerging and developed markets before and after the global financial crisis.

Design/Methodology/Approach

Using digital analysis, by applying Benford’s Law the study analyzes the earnings adjustments that exceed a key reference point to determine whether earnings management anomaly exists or not? Based on a sample of 87165 firm-year observations of UK, US, Brazil, Russia, India, China and Pakistan listed corporations.

Findings

Findings show that the managers of emerging markets have more incentive to manipulate earnings than their counterparts from developed markets. Further, the implementation of strict governance and legislative measures after the global financial crisis have significantly reduced the opportunistic behaviour of managers to manipulate earnings. However, the impact is lesser in emerging markets as compared to UK and US.

Research implications

The empirical findings of this research are useful for policy making and regulatory authorities, investors and other stakeholders as our findings shed light on the restriction of cosmetic earnings management practices.

Originality/Value

First study that tried to capture the cosmetic earnings management practices in both emerging and developed countries and in both pre and post financial crisis scenario.
A novel hole performance index to evaluate the hole geometry and drilling time in the electrochemical drilling process
Authors: Tosun N. , Özerkan H. B. , Çoğun C. , Cep Robert
Published: December 2024

Electrochemical Drilling (ECD) is an unconventional method aimed at creating holes in metallic workpieces characterized by high hardness and complex structures. This study analyzes the influence of process variables, including machining voltage, electrolyte concentration, electrode rotational speed, electrolyte flushing pressure, and workpiece material, on the novel hole performance index (HPI) in electrical discharge machining (ECD). The HPI was identified as a suitable metric for simultaneously evaluating hole geometry and drilling time across various machining parameters and workpiece materials. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) method was employed to determine the significance of each machining parameter and workpiece material on the HPI. The research employed signal-to-noise ratio analysis to identify the optimal machining parameters. The findings demonstrated that the workpiece material and machining voltage were significant factors influencing HPI. The validation tests demonstrated that the proposed statistical method can significantly reduce HPI.
Contrast vector imaging for differential diagnosis of focal liver lesions: Analysis of tumoral vascular structures and flow characteristics
Authors: Yoo Jeongin , Lee Jeong Min , Joo Ijin , Yoon Jeong Hee
Published: December 2024

Purpose

To assess the efficacy of contrast vector imaging (CVI) in detecting tumoral vascular structures and flow characteristics of focal liver lesions (FLLs) for differential diagnosis.

Materials and methods

In this prospective study, 65 participants with FLLs underwent CEUS using SonoVue with high-frame-rate imaging technique between July 2019 and October 2020. CVI was obtained by post-processing arterial cine imaging of CEUS. Tumoral vascular structures, velocity histogram, and mean velocities were compared among hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), non-HCC malignancies, and benign tumors using the Chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests, respectively. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of CEUS in determining HCC probability was compared to that of CEUS with CVI using a z-test.

Results

CVI was technically successful in 52 of 65 (80%) participants (19 HCCs, 13 non-HCC malignancies, and 20 benign tumors). The detectability of tumoral vascular structures was significantly higher in CEUS with CVI, compared to CEUS alone (46.2% [24/52] vs. 100.0% [52/52], p<0.001). On CEUS with CVI, complex intratumoral and peripheral vessels were frequent in HCCs (100% of HCCs, 46.2% of non-HCC malignancies, and 70.0% of benign tumors), while detour vessels were frequent in non-HCC malignancies (none of HCCs, 53.8% of non-HCC malignancies, and 10.0% of benign tumors) (p<0.001). The mean velocity of HCC (26.3 mm/s) was the highest, while that of non-HCC malignancy (20.6 mm/s) was the lowest (p<0.001). CEUS with CVI showed higher AUC, compared to CEUS in both reviewers (0.851 vs. 0.963, p = 0.005 for reviewer 1; 0.853 vs. 0.982, p = 0.023 for reviewer 2).

Conclusion

CEUS with CVI better visualized vascular structures and flow characteristics of FLLs, and showed better diagnostic performance in determining HCC probability than CEUS.
Characteristics and risk factors for sibling incest
Authors: Babchishin Kelly M. , Holmes Emma J. , Banse Rainer , Huppertz Lisa , Seto Michael C.
Published: December 2024

Sibling sexual behaviour, despite historical and cross-cultural incest taboos and biologically driven incest avoidance, poses a persistent problem. We tested factors theorized to be associated with sibling incest in a cross-sectional online survey of 1,863 respondents with siblings mainly from North America and Germany. We found that 13% of participants reported engaging in sexual contact with a sibling, typically starting at the age of 10, and that step-siblings and half-siblings were more likely to engage in sibling incest than full siblings. Curiosity and games were the primary motivators; being coerced was more prevalent among female and younger participants. The study underscores both individual (e.g., impulsivity, concurrent childhood sexual behaviour problems) and family level factors (e.g., presence of step-sibling, positive attitudes toward nudity, sexual abuse by parent) influencing liability to engage in sexual behaviours with a sibling. Findings were robust across English- and German-speaking participants, suggesting our results are generalizable. Professionals addressing problematic child sexual behaviour should assess for concurrent sibling incest, and evaluate positive family attitudes towards nudity, sexual abuse by parents, and reduced disgust to sibling incest as potential risk factors for sibling incest. The findings stress the need for comprehensive sexual education in blended households, where age gaps and diminished genetic relatedness contribute to sibling sexual behaviour.
Unlocking the clinical potential of paired inspiratory and expiratory CT scans in the differential diagnosis of cystic lung diseases: A systematic review
Authors: Pinheiro Lucas Gabriel R. , Treviso Carlos Augusto , Forte Gabriele Carra , Muller Enrico Mattana , Hochhegger Bruno , Andrade Rubens Gabriel Feijó
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Currently, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is the imaging of choice for the differential diagnosis of various cystic lung lesions, including true cystic lung diseases (CLD) and lesions that may mimic them. However, the traditionally used inspiratory scan still presents a significant spectrum of overlapping radiological features. Recent studies have demonstrated variation in lesion size between inspiratory and expiratory phases, probably due to cyst-airway communication. In this study, we aimed to conduct a systematic review of paired inspiratory and expiratory HRCT in the assessment of cystic lesions as an additional tool to narrow the differential diagnosis.

Methods

A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, BVS, and Cochrane through August 2023. Full-text articles that performed paired inspiratory and expiratory CT scans in adult patients with cystic lung lesions were included, with the outcome measured as the reduction in lesion size according to the respiratory phase. Diagnoses were confirmed through histopathological or radiological features.

Results

Out of the 96 records, three studies met the criteria for inclusion and were analyzed, comprising a total of 149 participants and 513 cystic lesions. Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (PLCH), Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) honeycombing and cystic bronchiectasis became considerably smaller during expiratory CT scans, while the size of emphysema tended to remain constant during respiratory cycles.

Conclusions

This study has suggested that paired inspiratory and expiratory CT scans can be valuable for helping differentiate between emphysema and other diseases with a cystic pattern due to their ability to reveal dynamic properties of the lesions. However, the average reduction in cyst size as a single parameter is not sufficient for further refining diagnostics. Studies exploring advanced metrics to assess the reduction in lesion diameter emerge as potential opportunities to investigate the cyst-airway communication hypothesis and further enhance the diagnostic accuracy of paired methods.
Prevalence and determinants of hyperemesis gravidarum among pregnant women in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Beyene Girma Alemayehu , Ayele Nitsuh D. , Kasahun Abebaw Wasie
Published: December 2024

Background

Studies focusing on the occurrence and correlates of hyperemesis gravidarum in Ethiopia have reported varied values in different regions of the country. Additionally, there is no systematic review and meta-analysis summarizing the prevalence of hyperemesis gravidarum and its determinants in Ethiopia. Hence, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the overall prevalence of hyperemesis gravidarum and explore its determinants in Ethiopia.

Methods

Cross-sectional or case-control studies conducted in Ethiopia, written in English, and reporting the prevalence or the determinant of hyperemesis gravidarum among pregnant women were included in the review. International databases (PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Science Direct, African Journal Online, Directory of Open Access Journal, and African Index Medicus) and Ethiopian university repositories (Jimma, Addis Ababa, Haramaya, Hawassa, and Gondar Universities) were searched from September 4–15, 2023, to identify articles published on the topic. The pooled prevalence of hyperemesis gravidarum with a 95% confidence interval was presented using the forest plots. The heterogeneity of the studies was checked by I2 with its corresponding p-values and the Galbraith plot. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were performed to identify sources of heterogeneity. Funnel plot, Egger, and Begg’s tests were used to assess publication bias.

Results

A total of 11 articles with a 3510-sample size were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of hyperemesis gravidarum among pregnant women in Ethiopia was 7.12% with a 95% CI (4.09–10.15) and a high level of heterogeneity (I2 = 86.5%, p<0.001). Subgroup analyses revealed the overall prevalence of hyperemesis gravidarum was highest in the Amhara region with 11.30%, 95% CI (8.20–14.40), and lowest in Oromia with 3.40%, 95% CI (1.94–4.85). Having a previous history of hyperemesis gravidarum (POR = 3.828, 95% CI: 1.673–5.983), being in the first trimester of pregnancy (POR = 8.476, 95% CI: 5.047–11.905), and Helicobacter pylori infection (POR = 3.924, 95% CI: 2.027–5.821) were found to be significantly associated with hyperemesis gravidarum in Ethiopia.

Conclusion

The prevalence of hyperemesis gravidarum among pregnant women in Ethiopia is high. Targeting pregnant women in the first trimester, with a previous history of hyperemesis gravidarum, and those with Helicobacter pylori infection during prenatal counseling on how to manage and reduce hyperemesis gravidarum is very helpful to avert related complications.

Registration

The review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) with the registration number “CRD42023461808”, on September 19, 2023.
Surface plasma catalyzed composite industrial waste for NOx abatement in diesel exhaust
Authors: Sahu Apoorva , Rajanikanth BS
Published: December 2024

A new approach has been proposed by catalyzing composite industry wastes with pulse discharge plasma for reducing oxides of nitrogen (NOx) in diesel exhaust. Solid wastes such as foundry sand and iron tailings were blended to form a new composite waste which is then introduced into a plasma reactor to extract the benefits of catalytic properties. The obtained NOx removal efficiency is 90% at 140 J/L in plasma catalysis as against 36% obtained with plasma alone.
Instability of dust-lower-hybrid mode in irradiated streaming dusty plasma with dust charge fluctuation
Authors: Munir Md. Sirajum , Islam Md. Khairul , Talukder M. Afzal Hossain , Salahuddin Dr. Md.
Published: December 2024

A theoretical investigation of the photoelectric effect through dust charge fluctuation on the low frequency dust-lower-hybrid (DLH) mode has been done using fluid model of plasma. In this study collisional effects between charged and neutral particles and lighter particles streaming along the both external magnetic and electric fields are considered. It is assumed that dust grains are negatively charged. It has been observed that the DLH mode becomes unstable significantly due to photoelectric effect compared to the streaming and collisional effects.
Geração Y e Z: Experiências socioacadêmicas e expectativas para a carreira acadêmica à luz do conceito sócio-histórico de Modernidade Líquida
Authors: Lopes Iago França , Colauto Romualdo Douglas
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: Comparar as diferenças na percepção das Gerações Y e Z sobre as experiências socioacadêmicas e as expectativas para a carreira acadêmica em contabilidade à luz do conceito de Modernidade Líquida. 
Método: Pesquisa exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa, realizada por meio de uma survey junto a estudantes matriculados em Programas de Pós-Graduação nível stricto sensu em contabilidade. Para o tratamento dos dados aplicou-se os testes de normalidade de Kolmogorov-Smirnov e Shapiro-Wilk. Além disso, utilizou-se os testes não paramétricos e Post Hoc de Mann-Whitney e Kruskal-Wallis. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa.
Resultados e Discussões: Os resultados evidenciaram que não há diferença entre os grupos geracionais analisados. Para as categorias “cor” e “renda média familiar do participante” foi observado que existe diferença para questões relacionadas às expectativas de atividades para a carreira e experiências socioacadêmicas.
Contribuição: Em termos teóricos, a pesquisa demonstra que as ideias de Bauman podem explicar as experiências socioacadêmicas que os Y’ e os Z’s assumem diante de suas trajetórias acadêmicas na contabilidade. Evidencia que a relação sujeito-trabalho, em termos de carreira acadêmica em contabilidade, está inscrita na Modernidade Líquida, a partir da possibilidade do desenvolvimento de inúmeras experiências e estas se diferem em termos de “cor”, “faixa de renda familiar mensal” e “nível de interesse em seguir uma carreira acadêmica em contabilidade”. Em termos práticos, a pesquisa informa as instituições educacionais sobre as preferências e expectativas das gerações Y e Z em relação às atividades advindas da carreira acadêmica em Contabilidade. As instituições acadêmicas, a partir dos resultados desta pesquisa, podem aprimorar suas estratégias de gestão de recursos humanos. As informações obtidas nesta pesquisa podem inspirar práticas de inovações curriculares que tornem os programas de contabilidade mais atrativos e relevantes para as gerações Y e Z, preparando-os para os desafios da carreira acadêmica.
Nível de transparência sobre as audiências públicas orçamentárias em grandes municípios
Authors: Mesquita Tiemi Suzuki , Azevedo Ricardo Rocha de
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: A pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar o nível de transparência das informações sobre audiências públicas orçamentárias nos portais eletrônicos das prefeituras municipais, baseando-se na literatura de transparência orçamentária.
Método: Foram coletadas informações sobre audiências orçamentárias nos portais da transparência das prefeituras municipais de grande porte. Foram analisadas informações sobre o Projeto de Lei Orçamentária Anual, Projeto de Lei das Diretrizes Orçamentárias e de acompanhamento das metas fiscais. A análise foi feita quantitativamente por meio de testes de diferença de média e análises descritivas.
Resultados: Os resultados apontam um baixo nível de transparência das informações das audiências em grandes municípios, o que sugere a realização das audiências de forma cerimonial, para atendimento à legislação. A transparência de regras ex-ante, informações gerais utilizadas, e devolutiva das sugestões recebidas, possuem baixa disponibilização online pelas Prefeituras Municipais, o que prejudica essa importante conquista social.
Contribuições: A transparência das informações apresentadas nas audiências públicas orçamentárias, e não somente a divulgação das informações durante o evento, pode proporcionar maior participação e confiança ao processo, tornando as informações visíveis para os cidadãos. A pesquisa contribui para a literatura de transparência para instrumentalização da participação ao focar na transparência do processo para os cidadãos. Os resultados sugerem implicações práticas para os cidadãos e usuários das informações; para os gestores públicos, quanto à melhoria da transparência do processo; e para os órgãos de controle, que poderiam exercer maior pressão nas fiscalizações.
Exploring Business Analytics Initiatives in the Accounting Literature: are all accounting areas equal?
Authors: Araujo Leticia Silva , Behr Ariel , Marcolin Carla , Scornavacca Eusebio
Published: December 2024

Objectives: The goal of our research is to understand why Business Analytics (BA) practices are selected and how they are adopted across various accounting areas. To achieve this, our study maps and analyzes the analytics initiatives documented in the literature that have been adopted by the accounting profession, categorizing these initiatives by accounting area.
Method: We conducted a Systematic Literature Review, drawing on publications from the Web of Science and Scopus databases, as well as prominent journals in Information Systems and Accounting Information Systems. Data analysis utilized categorical content analysis with theory- and data-driven codes, aligned with research objectives.
Results: Our results provide a comprehensive mapping of Business Analytics literature in accounting, detailing the dimensions - Domain, Orientation, and Technique - by accounting area. This mapping provides a deeper understanding of the relationship between the specific characteristics of each accounting area and the use of Business Analytics. Additionally, we propose a taxonomy based on usage purposes in each area. Finally, we present a research agenda, summarizing key contributions and offering suggestions for future research.
Contributons: This research contributes academically by enabling a comparison of Business Analytics adoption and use across different accounting areas, highlighting those with greater maturity in Business Analytics. Additionally, the proposed taxonomy, which considers the purpose of BA within these accounting areas, helps clarify and promote alignment between the accounting discipline and analytics techniques, reducing both conceptual and practical confusion. Furthermore, this research serves as a foundation for accounting professionals to develop their skills in analytics initiatives.
Entramados metodológicos para promover la salud bucal: experiencia con una comunidad escolar en la ciudad de Córdoba
Authors: Ponce Agustín , Fantini Francisco , Herrera Sterren Natalia , Giraudo Camila
Published: December 2024

En este artículo reflexionamos acerca del uso de diferentes herramientas metodológicas durante una experiencia extensionista sobre salud bucal integral llevada a cabo en una comunidad educativa de la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina. En este proyecto desarrollamos diversas actividades junto a niñas, niños, docentes, familias y equipo universitario, con la finalidad de fortalecer espacios de promoción de la salud en el entorno escolar. Este escrito se focaliza en la descripción y análisis de la etapa del diagnóstico de la situación. Se implementó un abordaje metodológico mixto secuencial, con un primer momento cuantitativo mediante la medición de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud bucal, seguido de uno cualitativo complementario, con talleres de reflexión y análisis centrados en la circulación de la palabra. El uso de estrategias mixtas permitió explorar y generar instancias para identificar necesidades e intereses de actores involucrados en las intervenciones comunitarias en promoción de la salud bucal.
Of DEI and denials: A critical discourse analysis of Texas’ 88th legislative session
Authors: Shook Lauren Mena , Lizarraga-Dueñas Lizeth I.
Published: December 2024

Emerging literature on anti-CRT, anti-DEI efforts in education suggest that these attacks represent a rearticulation of racial ideologies that seek to contain racial progress. Although crafting anti-CRT and anti-DEI policies is primarily conducted through discourse, few studies explore the specific discursive mechanisms used to justify these efforts as racially neutral. Using critical discourse analysis and insights from color-evasive racism, we examine the discourse of public hearings on anti-DEI and anti-CRT bills introduced in Texas’ 88th legislative session. We find that policy actors employ denials of racism and articulate three of the four frames of color-evasive racism. By examining the role of racism denial in legitimizing anti-CRT and anti-DEI efforts in higher education policy, we hope to attend to the specific roles of discourse in legitimizing racist policies and actions in education more broadly.
Analisis Sentimen pada Ulasan Aplikasi Access by KAI Berbahasa Indonesia Menggunakan Word-Embedding dan Classical Machine Learning
Authors: Damanhuri R. , Husein Vito Ahmad
Published: December 2024

Indonesia memiliki aplikasi perkeretaapian bernama Access by KAI yang dirilis oleh PT Kereta Api Indonesia (KAI). Masyarakat dapat mengunduh dan mengulas aplikasi ini melalui Google Play Store. Rating Access by KAI menurun dari tahun 2022, menandakan bahwa aplikasi belum memenuhi ekspektasi pengguna meskipun telah diperbarui. Ulasan pada platform Google Play Store dapat dianalisis untuk menggali informasi penting, salah satunya adalah sentimen. Penelitian ini melakukan analisis sentimen pada ulasan Access by KAI menggunakan word embedding dengan model Word2Vec untuk ekstraksi fitur dan classical machine learning dengan Naive Bayes dan Logistic Regression untuk algoritma klasifikasi. Metode Logistic Regression lebih baik daripada Naive Bayes dalam hal accuracy dan precision dengan nilai sebesar 68.83% dan 75.49% secara berurutan. Namun, metode Naive Bayes memiliki keunggulan dalam hal recall dengan nilai sebesar 45.07%. Pada penelitian ini, ulasan Access by KAI memiliki sentimen dominan negatif sejumlah 335 data dari total 400 data tes. Kata “mudah” dan “suka” relevan sebagai alasan ulasan bersentimen positif, sedangkan Kata “aplikasi”, “bayar”, dan “tiket” relevan sebagai alasan ulasan bersentimen negatif.
Electricity from saccharide-based galvanic cell
Authors: Mophan Nattinee , Poonsawat Thinnaphat , Chumkaeo Peerapong , Somsook Ekasith
Published: December 2024

Here we report a practical laboratory that first-year undergraduate students can do in a general chemistry framework to explore both electrochemistry and transition metal chemistry. These laboratory activities focus on the use of saccharides and specifically starch as possible sustainable sources of energy by experimenting with the redox reactions that occur between vanadate ions and different saccharides. Students undergo hands-on experiments in order to see color changes that indicate electron transfer and link to real-world applications of these concepts in energy conversion. To reduce dependency on foreign resources and the economic risks of foreign energy product prices, the experiments employed agricultural products to generate electricity. Through the application of “Sufficiency Economy” philosophy, this work provides students with lessons in sustainable practice and the fundamentals of electrochemistry, which are essential for addressing today’s global challenges.
A note on λ-analogue of Lah numbers and λ-analogue of r-Lah numbers
Authors: Kim Taekyun , Kim Hye Kyung
Published: December 2024

In this study, we introduce the

λ

\lambda

-analogue of Lah numbers and

λ

\lambda

-analogue of

r

r

-Lah numbers in the view of degenerate version, respectively. We investigate their properties including recurrence relation and several identities of

λ

\lambda

-analogue of Lah numbers arising from degenerate differential operators. Using these new identities, we study the normal ordering of degenerate integral power of the number operator in terms of boson operators, which is represented by means of

λ

\lambda

-analogue of Lah numbers and

λ

\lambda

-analogue of

r

r

-Lah numbers, respectively.
Accouchons des idées, pas des articles: politiser la proposition de Wolfgang Klein pour repenser le travail scientifique [Langage et Société]
Authors: Greco Luca
Published: December 2024

Construit comme une réponse au texte de Wolfgang Klein, cet article se propose de pousser aux extrêmes conséquences le raisonnement du linguiste allemand pour enfin le politiser. En m’appuyant sur un corpus théorique issu de l’Autonomie ouvrière italienne des années 70, du féminisme matérialiste et de la critique portée par Marcel Duchamp aux modes de production capitaliste dans l’art contemporain, je propose dans ce texte une réflexion autour des modes de production scientifique à l’ère du capitalisme néolibéral. Par ce que j’appelle une grève de publications et l’ouverture conséquente d’autres espaces temps possibles proches des performances artistiques, je propose de repenser les pratiques de travail scientifique par la déconstruction de l’articulation entre les pratiques de publication et l’identité du/de la chercheur.e.
Dromm und die verlorene Balance [The Mouth: Critical Studies on Language, Culture and Society]
Authors: Storch Anne
Published: December 2024

Dromm ist ein Linguist, der die akademische Welt und damit die binäre Ordnung von submission und review verlassen hat. Er arbeitet meist als Experte, der ausgewählte cold cases löst, ist aber einem größeren Publikum vor allem durch seine Unterschrift in einem Requisiten-Gästebuch in der italienischen Serie Rocco Schiavone bekannt (Brignone 2019 [2016], Staffel 1,3: Sturz in den Tod, 32:02.). Er hat sowohl zur Linguistik der Nacht (Nassenstein & Storch 2022, Nachtlinguistik) als auch zum Problem der Sprache als Teil der Allmende (Storch 2024, Im Ziegelplattengrab) beigetragen. In diesem Beitrag legt er sein Verständnis der akademischen Linguistik als einer konstruierten Welt der Knappheit dar, in der viele Praktiken des Ausschlusses und der Marginalisierung unreflektiert und unangefochten bleiben.
What is the place of African languages in knowledge production? [South African Journal of African Languages]
Authors: Ncube Gibson
Published: December 2024

Despite their vast potential, African languages are often marginalised in the knowledge production ecosystem. This article explores the multifaceted roles African languages could play not just in shaping and preserving indigenous knowledge systems and fostering cultural identities but also in being languages of science and communication of science. By examining the complex dynamics of the hierarchisation of languages within the knowledge production system, this article underscores the importance of decolonising knowledge production processes to amplify the vast untapped potential of African languages as languages of science and of knowledge production. Furthermore, the article discusses the potential of African languages as vehicles for innovation and inclusive development, advocating for concerted efforts to promote linguistic diversity and equity in scholarly discourse. The article contends that the underrepresentation of African languages has inadvertently necessitated more resources to be channelled towards increased publication in these languages.