bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
"Homotopy analysis method to MHD-slip flow of an upper- convected maxwell viscoelastic nanofluid in a permeable channel embedded in a porous medium"
Authors: Sobamowo MG , Yinusa A A , Akinshilo AT , Aladenusi ST
Published: May 2023

The expanding applications of viscoelastic fluids in biomedical engineering and industrial processes require proper under and physical insights into the flow phenomena of the fluids. In this work, simultaneous effects of slip and magnetic field on the flow of an upper convected Maxwell (UCM) nano fluid through a permeable micro channel embedded in porous medium are analyzed using homotopy analysis method. The results of the approximate analytical solution depict very good agreements with the results of the fifth-order Runge-Kutta Fehlberg method (Cash-Karp Runge-Kutta) coupled with shooting methodfor the verification of the mathematical method used in analyzing the flow. Thereafter, the obtained analytical solutions are used to investigate the effects of pertinent rheological parameters on flow. It is observed from the results that increase in slip parameter, nano particle concentration and Darcy number lead to increase in the velocity of the upper-convected Maxwell fluid while increase in Deborah’s, Hartmann, and Reynold numbers decrease the fluid flow velocity towards the lower plate but as the upper plate is approached a reverse trend is observed. The study can be used to advance the application of upper convected Maxwell flow in the areas of in biomedical, geophysical and astrophysics.
Cement slurry set retarding potential of oil palm kernel shell wastes for oil well operations
Authors: Oji Akuma , Altraide Ibifuro , Ogbonna Joel F
Published: May 2023

One major problem of the agro –industries in Nigeria is the management of its wastes generated from its processes. These wastes can be converted to useful products and are attractive for being an alternative to solving the disposal issues in the industry. This study assessed the synthesis of lignosulfonates from Oil Palm Kernel Shells (OPKS) and evaluated its performance as a retarder additive for oil well cementing operations. OPKS was synthesized using the pulping process and filtered to isolate the lignin from cellulose and hemicellulose. Sulfonating process was carried out using Sodium Bisulfite (NaHSO3) to produce sodium lignosulfonate. Thereafter, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was applied to determine the functional groups present in the synthesized product. The product was evaluated for its performance as a retarder through the thickening time test using an automated HTHP Cement Consistometer at different temperatures, concentrations and consistency (Bc). A linear increment of cement slurry thickening time up to 40% with increase in concentrations was observed in relation to a reference (commercial retarder). The results also showed that lignosulfonates from OPKS has the potential to retard the set of cement slurry, however to maximize its retardation function, more investigations needs to be carried out to purify and modify the synthesized lignin. Its utilization as a cement retarder will promote the preservation of the environment and also reduce the overdependence on expensive cement additives.
Microbiology in the modern era
Authors: Cruz-Ruiz Leonellis , Tawil Bill
Published: May 2023

, Microorganisms are involved in essential roles in our lives that sometimes we do not pay attention to or give the importance it requires. Microbes are involved in various natural processes like nutrient cycling, degradation, carbon cycle, food spoilage, climate change, and fermentation, and they can cause and cure diseases. Microorganisms are involved in the biotech industry and played a crucial role in the creation of the first biotech industry, Genentech. Genentech's first approach was to use bacteria like E. coli as factories to synthesize mammalian proteins. Their scientists succeeded in creating plasmid and inserting it into E. coli, which then produced somatostatin, insulin, and growth hormone
Elderly, ageing and oral fragility
Authors: Michea María Angélica , Barahona Pilar , Dreyer Erik , Rojas Manuel , Celis Andrés
Published: May 2023

Due to the fact that people live longer, population ageing has occurred, thus manifesting chronic diseases that have a multidimensional implication. The different diseases that a person may present can cause frailty and involve the oral health of the elderly. Oral health is related to general health as there is a link that is being analysed today. Thus, the concepts of functionality, geriatric syndromes, general frailty and oral frailty in the elderly must be internalized to carry out timely health care and improve the quality of life of the elderly. Therefore, there is a challenge that dentistry must face, mainly in the Latin American and Caribbean region.
Largest outbreak of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in India at an altitude of 3524 meters (11,562 ft.) in Leh, Union Territory (UT) of Ladakh, India 2016
Authors: SM Kadri , Peecher Jenevieve , L Williams , R Crandall , Rehana Kausar , T Hinton , S Rashid , M Mayes Kimberley
Published: May 2023

Introduction: There is an increasing occurrence of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease (HFMD) in India, Asia, and Australia. The largest ever outbreak in India is discussed in this paper. The geographic location of the case control study was in Leh province which has an average altitude over 3,000 meters (11,000 feet). Objective: This case control study, and review was done to determine if there is evidence of an increase in HFMD. There is concern that the increase of HFMD will lead to an increase in the number of attributed deaths. Methods: District Surveillance Unit (DSU) collected the data on a daily basis upon presentation of symptoms. The unit was comprised of: an epidemiologist, a pediatrician, and a District Health Officer (DHO). Results: There were four hundred and sixty-five confirmed cases of HFMD recorded in the study. Two hundred and sixty-one, 56%, of the cases were male. Two hundred and four, 44%, of the cases were female. The majority of cases affect children ages less than 5. Discussion: HFMD is usually a childhood disease. Adults who contract the disease are most often caregivers. HFMD is caused by a virus, most often one of the picornaviruses belonging to serotypes EV-A or less frequently the enterovirus EV-A71. EV-A71 infections may more often result in severe complications or death. Conclusion: Healthcare professionals and government oversight agencies must be vigilant in the detection and control of HFMD outbreaks. Appropriate protocol and incident reporting needs to be standardized.
Functional constipation in the first-year-old onset at the first visit to a specialized clinic elicits a delay in referrals, the worst symptoms, and the excessive use of rectal laxatives
Authors: de Assis Carvalho Mary , Tedesco Dias Juliana , Catherine Quiroz Gamarra Andrea , E Moreno Sandoval Cristian , Hermann Avendaño Caraballo José , Carlos Machado Nilton
Published: May 2023

Purpose: To assess and compares sociodemographic, clinical, anthropometric, and treatment characteristics in two subgroups of children with FC: 1) with onset in the first 12 months old and 2) with onset after 13 months old. Methods: Observational, retrospective cohort study, including consecutive cases of children/adolescents for initial evaluation of constipation. Data were collected in a pre-designed standard protocol, and the parents answered all the questions during the first visit. Inclusion criteria: age between 01 month to 15 years of age, with a diagnosis of FC defined according to the Rome Criteria III and Rome IV criteria. Exclusion criteria: constipation of organic etiology; other chronic health problems such as neurological, genetic, mental/psychiatric disorders or growth and development disorders. The stool form was evaluated according to Bristol Stool Form Scale. Two experienced pediatric gastroenterologists determined the patients' final diagnoses of FC. Approval was obtained from the ethics committee. Results: Five hundred and four children were identified with constipation at their initial visit. Thirty-two were excluded based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The remaining 472 children (225 with onset within the first 12 months and 247 after 13 months) were included. There was a long time to first visit in those with onset in the first 12 months of life. There is no difference in BMI/age scores between the two groups. FC onset in the first 12 months has more scybalous stools, painful defecation, bloody stools, a lower proportion with bowel toilet training, and bladder control. In FC starting in the first 12 months of life, only half of the children (55%) were treated with laxatives, and an entire group used rectal treatment. Conclusion: FC is a common Functional Gastrointestinal Disorder affecting infants during the first months of life. The primary inadequate treatment and referral delay implies worsening symptoms, chronicity, and non-implementing North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition guidelines.
Breaking with the hegemonic: Maria Augusta Rui Barbosa through her kimonos at the Rui Barbosa Historic House Museum
Authors: de Sousa Gabriela Lúcio , Pereira Faria Anna Gabriela , Ferreira Márcia Pinheiro
Published: May 2023

Since mid-2016, the Rui Barbosa Historic House Museum (MCRB) has been systematically carrying out - through research grants and independent studies in graduate programs - studies on Maria Augusta Rui Barbosa, wife of Rui Barbosa, through its collection present at the institution. This paper will present some results of these studies.
Correction of the granulometric curve of fine soil using ash from the burning of sugarcane bagasse
Authors: Ildefonso Jesner Sereni , da Purificação Beatriz Carraro , dos Reis Jeselay Hemetério Cordeiro , Luiz Chicati Marcelo
Published: May 2023

In road works, there are cases in which natural soils have inadequate characteristics for their intended use, especially clayey or fine ones, which leads to the need to find stabilization methods that allow the soil to present itself as a suitable material for its application. Thus, the ash, residue generated in the sugar and alcohol industry from the burning of sugarcane bagasse and which often does not have an adequate destination, becomes an attractive material due to its granulometry and chemical composition. Thus, the objective was to study the feasibility of correcting the granulometric curve of the fine soil from Maringá-PR with the addition of sugarcane bagasse ash, seeking to analyze the influence of this correction through granulometric analysis, particle density, limit of liquidity and plasticity, Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) and Highway Research Board Classification (HRB) and compaction curve. The results showed that the incorporation of ash in the fine soil remodeled the granulometric curve, making it similar to that of a sandy soil. According to the HRB and USCS classifications, the soil was shown as an A-7-5 soil or high compressibility silt and the mixture as an A-6 soil or clayey sand. There was also a reduction in the group index, in the limits of liquidity and plasticity, as well as in the optimal compaction moisture. Therefore, the addition of ash to the soil resulted in an increase in texture quality and plasticity. Since, for road applications, a correlation was found between the addition of ash and the increase in the quality of the mixture as a subgrade material.
Molecular caviar” of hydrolyzed collagen from tilapia skin: marketing and sensory perception
Authors: Brandão Tatiane Meneses , Miranda Mendes Nayara Kelen , Anjos Candeira Willy Kelvin dos , Borges Jefferson Messias , Machado de Sousa Paulo Henrique , Silva Robson Alves da , Sanches Muratori Maria Christina
Published: May 2023

Development of new commercialized products and new recognized products that are increasingly innovative and promising. Among the ingredients that suit the characteristics, there is the hydrolyzed collagen of Nile tilapia (Oreochomis niloticus), extracted from the skin of some promissory tilapia to be discarded, as an alternative due to its nutritional and technological characteristics. Considering the importance of innovation in the food market and the use of healthy and sustainable ingredients for consumers, the marketing and sensory perception of a "molecular caviar" developed with the ingredient hydrolyzed collagen from tilapia skin was evaluated. The new product (molecular caviar) was compared with caviar (from sturgeon), via photographic records and questions about its sensory and marketing aspects, in a questionnaire made available on the Google Forms online platform, between October and November 2021 (pandemic period of SARS-COV 19). After analyzing the data, it was observed that the molecular caviar of hydrolyzed collagen from tilapia skin showed a high level of acceptability and purchase intent. In conclusion, molecular caviar appears as a possibility for the use and consumption of hydrolyzed collagen from tilapia skin.
Cosmological parametrizations and their scalar field descendants
Authors: SKJ Pacif , K Myrzakulov , R Myrzakulov
Published: May 2023

In literature, there exist numerous cosmological solutions based upon some specific scheme of parametrization of cosmological parameters. Our present work is an attempt to reconstruct the field potentials in case of (non)phantom fields for different models resulting from parametrization of a(t) , H(t) and q(t) in the framework of Friedmann Robertson Walker (FRW) geometry. In addition we carry out similar procedure to reconstruct the field potentials for tachyonic field for the same models. In this note, we reconstructed the field potentials for some known models e.g. constant deceleration parameter model, linearly varying deceleration parameter model and a model based on a specific parametrization of Hubble parameter. The procedure adopted here shows that in principle, the scalar field potentials for quintessence, phantom and tachyonic fields can be reconstructed for any scheme of parametrization of cosmological parameters a(t),q(t),H(t),w(t),ρ(t) or p(t) .
Real magnetic charges as a negation of the electric magnetism Maxwell and electrified Dirac’s monopole
Authors: RA Sizov
Published: May 2023

The main reasons that real magnetic charges were "buried alive" in modern theories are physics of their confinement in atoms and substance which is radically different from the confinement of electrons, as well as the vicious electromagnetic theory of Maxwell. This theory which should be referred to as Maxwell's electric magnetism is the result of superficial perception by the Great Physicist of the famous Oersted's Experience when only external factors of Experience were taken into account: the electric current and the magnetic field around the conductor. It was with Maxwell's "light hand" that electrons moving in the composition electric current were erroneously declared to be the direct sources of the magnetic field what on 145 years has "deprived" the magnetic charges, which make up about half of the spinor particles in real World of the opportunity to engage its professional activities. It is important to note that the real physical processes taking place in the body of a conductor with an electric current as in Maxwell's time, so and until now, as this not paradoxically, remain outside beyond our detailed knowledge. Maxwell's electric magnetism can be represented as the "cancerous tumor" in the "body" of physical science the metastases of which struck, virtually, all the directions of the fundamental physical theory. With taking into account the historical conditions of formation and the scales of the negative impact on civilization, the vicious electromagnetic concept of Maxwell is quite adequate with to such surface-primitive concepts as Flat Earth or near-Earth rotation of Sun. As a result of all these circumstances, many useful and effective technical projects that could improve the quality of people's lives, as well as expand the technological capabilities of our civilization could not take place. So, for example, in the absence of magnetic charges in physical representations was impossible to find out the real physics of the gravitational field. Therefore it turned was not possible to implement such important project both the technical Gravitational Levitation in which can use the inexhaustible, stable and environmentally friendly energy of the gravitational field directly. It should be noted that the project of technical Gravitational Levitation is just one of many missed opportunities that were closed as a result of the negative exposure of Maxwell's electric magnetism on the physical science. In 1931 P. Dirac proposed his the famous theory of magnetic monopole. But in order for this monopole to emit a magnetic field, this field must first be produced with the help of an electric current in the filamentary solenoids of Dirac. The Dirac monopole, given the all circumstances of its formation, can be called an electrified magnetic pole, based, implicitly, on the same vicious electromagnetic conception of Maxwell.
Charged wormholes supported by 2-fluid immiscible matter particle
Authors: S Islam , A Shaikh , TK Das , F Rahaman , M Rahaman
Published: May 2023

We provide a 2-fluid immiscible matter source that supplies fuel to construct wormhole spacetime. The exact wormhole solutions are found in the model having, besides real matter or ordinary matter, some quintessence matter along with charge distribution. We intend to derive a general metric of a charged wormhole under some density profiles of galaxies that is also consistent with the observational profile of rotation curve of galaxies. We have shown that the effective mass remains positive as well as the wormhole physics violate the null energy conditions. Some physical features are briefly discussed.
The relation between heat flow obtained by curie depth point (CDP) and the faults and gas leaks in the black sea
Authors: HE Tutunsatar , MN Dolmaz , E Oksum , M Okyar , UY Kalyoncuoglu , VI Starostenko , RI Kutas , OM Rusakov , OV Legostaeva , ZM Hisarli
Published: May 2023

CDP values were measured. They range from 22km to 38km. The deepest CDP values are observed in the Black Sea basins where the sediment thickness is high, while the shallowest values are observed in the middle Black Sea ridge, and in the thin sedimentary regions of the coast. The Central Black Sea ridge generally ranges from 22 to 28 km. From the CDP values, the heat gradient and corresponding heat flow values were also obtained. Heat flow values of the Black Sea basin range from 22 to 41mW/m2. When the relationship between the deep faults and gas leaks with the heat flow is examined, it is observed that the possible deep fault zones and gas migration places correspond to a higher heat flow value than the average heat flow.
Statistical model of nuclide shell structure
Authors: Dayou Chen
Published: May 2023

This thesis, after a systematic and in-depth analysis of known nuclides, pro-poses a new model of nuclides’ shell structure and offers a table of the shell structures of 935 nuclides. With this theoretic approach, the thesis studies the shell combination with a bias towards the statistical analysis of nuclide structures. This thesis distinguishes between the basic models of nuclides and gives 7criteria for nu-clide binding, the maximal nucleonic number of each shell (ΔAi ), combination of proton and neutron (p/n) and graphs of the nuclide growth. Based on magnetic moment, it also conducts a quantitative analysis of p/n on the shell. The nuclide structure has the characteristic of a shell and on every shell the combination of proton and neutron features clear regularity. Among the 263 elements from 11 H to 263106 Sg the serial number of the most outside shell in structure are 7, and nuclides 262105 Ha and 263106 Sg are respectively even A and odd A 7 shells. It is not a coincidence but a reflection of the nuclide shell structure. The thesis uses the result of a statistical analysis to confirm the existence of “the magic Number” and reveals the fact that the magic number” is a reflection of p/n on nuclide shell, particularly on the outer shells. The statistical analysis reveals that the nuclide stability and its way of decay are dependent on the nucleonic combination on the most outside shell and the matching between full-filled and semi-full filled p/n, thus unveiling the general law governing the stability and decay of nuclides.
A theoretical checking for resistive instabilities into the plasma: one proposed criterion for identification of the plasma waves
Authors: CL Xaplanteris , SC Xaplanteris
Published: May 2023

As the resistive instabilities with their serious difficulty at the thermonuclear fusion programs have concentrated much interest of the researchers, the present study has the ambition to provide an applicable and useful criterion for examining and identifying if a observed plasma wave is resistive or not. A dispersion relation is obtained, by using the two fluids equation and considering that a resistive force exists, and then the growth rate can be solved. Subsequently, the resistance factor is calculated using the experimental values and data obtained. Finally, a comparison of the calculated resistance factor with the ones published in bibliography will be performed, which gives the expected answer about the type of the examined wave.
Computation of three-dimensional periodic orbits in the sun-earth system
Authors: RK Tiwary , VK Srivastava , BS Kushvah
Published: May 2023

In this paper, a third-order analytic approximation is described for computing the three-dimensional periodic halo orbits near the collinear L1 and L2 Lagrangian points for the photo gravitational circular restricted three-body problem in the Sun-Earth system. The constructed third-order approximation is chosen as a starting initial guess for the numerical computation using the differential correction method. The effect of the solar radiation pressure on the location of two collinear Lagrangian points and on the shape of the halo orbits is discussed. It is found that the time period of the halo orbit increases whereas the Jacobi constant decreases around both the collinear points taking into account the solar radiation pressure of the Sun for the fixed out-of-plane amplitude.
Early publications about nonzero cosmological constant
Authors: I Horvath
Published: May 2023

In 2011 the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded for the 1998 discovery of the nonzero cosmological constant. This discovery is very important and surely worth to receive the Nobel Prize. However, years earlier several papers had been published about a very similar discovery from observational data.
A review of physical principles and applications of acousto-optic deflectors on the basis paratellurite
Authors: N Antonov Sergey , Kotelnikov VA
Published: May 2023

Deflectors based on Bragg non-axial anisotropic diffraction in a paratellurite crystal are considered. Practically significant relations connecting the main parameters are obtained, the factors limiting the diffraction efficiency and the angular scanning range are determined. The mode of multibeam acousto-optic diffraction as a method of creating a multichannel optical information output system is considered. A review of several new, practically implemented methods for increasing the main functional parameters of deflectors is presented. The possibility of using the diffraction mode in the second Bragg maximum in terms of sound amplitude to extend the scanning band is shown. The two-crystal scheme of the deflector, which can significantly improve the efficiency of diffraction, expand the scanning range and create a polarization-insensitive deflector, is considered. Acousto-optic switch of fiber-optic channels was developed. The possibility of using multibeam acousto-optic diffraction to improve the energy efficiency of laser radiation by modifying its profile is established
The numerical solution of the navier-stokes equations in nuclear shock wave propagation
Authors: Vishal Uttam Dhakane
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we will consider Navier-Stokes problem and it's interpretation by hyperbolic waves, focusing on wave propagation. We will begin with solution for linear waves, then present problem for non-linear waves. Later we will derive for numerical solution using PDE`s. We can conclude that although the numeric solution for partial derivative equations can give a correct result, it is not always describing a physical phenomenon
Oscillation symmetry applied to several astrophysical data. attempt to predict some properties of the putative ninth and tenth new solar planets
Authors: Tatischeff B
Published: May 2023

The existence of opposite forces acting on astrophysical bodies, involve that their properties should obey to oscillation symmetry. The oscillation symmetry is applied to several astrophysical properties, like Nebulae radii and magnitudes, Local Group Galaxy masses, luminosities, and diameters, Comet radii, orbital periods, and eccentricities, Black hole masses, orbital periods, and distance from earth, Star masses, magnitudes, and distances from Sun. This symmetry is used to predict some still unknown astronomical properties, namely the properties of two additional possible solar planets. Using the predicted possible masses of these planets the method allows to predict their possible densities, rotation durations, revolution periods, orbital speeds, and eccentricities.
N-dimensional plane symmetric solutions in f(R, T) theory of gravity
Authors: Sattar Sadia , Jamil Amir M , Imtiaz Farhat , Zaman Aamir
Published: May 2023

In this Paper, we have evaluated the N-dimensional plane-symmetric space times solutions in f(R,T) theory of gravity. For this purpose we use the more general class of f(R,T) model, i.e.,f(R,T)=f1(R)+f2(T). Here, also we make the assumption that f(R)αf0Rq, where f0 and q are arbitrary constants. To ﬁnd the solutions, we assume the dust case with p=0. The ﬁeld equations are solved by assuming exponential and power law forms of metric coeﬃcient. Moreover, we have evaluated the energy densities and corresponding functions of f(R,T) model.
The cosmic pendulum: Kepler‘s laws representing a universal cosmic clock
Authors: J Fahr Hans
Published: May 2023

Recent observations of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) seem to show that structure formation and the build-up of planetary systems in the universe already must have started astonishingly enough at a time of 0.1 Gigayears after the Big-Bang. The question thus arises whether these earliest planetary systems did originate under similar conditions as did our solar system about 4.1 Gigayears later? In this article we are looking onto this fundamental problem and show that for the context of the origin of solar systems it very much counts how the Hubble expansion of the universe has developed over cosmic eons. If the cosmic expansion dynamics is too large, no solar systems at all would have been produced, if it would be too small, solar systems would have originated just shortly after the cosmic matter recombination, but not anymore since then. In other words, the Keplerian laws, derivable with the help of Newton‘s gravitational law, would they perhaps reflect the changes in an expanding universe over the cosmic eons? And if yes, - how would they do it? In this article we conclude that in fact Newton‘s pendulum or Kepler‘s planetary revolution periods represent a perfect cosmic clock indicating the actual status of the expanding universe. Only in case, however, that Newton‘s gravitational constant G would vary with the scale R of the universe like G - R, then this clock astonishingly enough would be synchronized for the whole cosmic evolution not serving anymore as a cosmic tracer.
Improving Religious Literacy in Muallaf in Pituruh Sub- District, Purworejo District
Authors: Astuti Wiji , Aziz Abdul
Published: May 2023

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pemahaman keagamaan para muallaf di Kecamatan Pituruh Kabupaten Purworejo dan menganalisis strategi pelaksanaan penyuluh Islam dalam meningkatkan literasi agama pada muallaf serta mengidentifikasi  faktor pendukung dan faktor penghambat penyuluh agama Islam dalam meningkatkan literasi agama pada muallaf di Kecamatan Pituruh Kabupaten Purworejo. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian lapangan yang berbentuk deskriptif kualitatif. Dalam rangka mendapatkan data yang dibutuhkan, penulis menggunakan teknik observasi partisipatif, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Sumber informasinya adalah kepala KUA dan penyuluh Agama Islam Kecamatan Pituruh dan Muallaf di Kecamatan Pituruh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi pelaksanaan penyuluhan agama Islam dalam meningkatkan literasi agama pada muallaf adalah ceramah dan silaturahmi. Jenis ceramahnya adalah khutbah Jum’at, ceramah ramadhan dan ceramah majlis taklim. Faktor pendukung penyuluh agama dalam meningkatkan  literasi agama pada muallaf yaitu banyaknya majlis taklim yang sudah terbentuk di setiap desa, sarana transportasi yang memadai, banyaknya masjid dan mushola, mayoritas masyarakat beragama Islam dan ormas Islam yang sedang gencar dibentuk. Sedangkan faktor penghambat penyuluh agama islam dalam meningkatkan literasi agama pada muallaf adalah kurangnya jumlah penyuluh, status muallaf dan perbedaan pendapat mengenai agama.Abstract: This study aims to describe the religious understanding of converts in Pituruh Subdistrict, Purworejo Regency and to analyze the implementation strategy of Islamic instructors in increasing religious literacy in converts and to identify supporting factors and inhibiting factors of Islamic religious instructors in increasing religious literacy in converts in Pituruh Subdistrict, Purworejo Regency. This study uses field research in the form of qualitative descriptive. In order to obtain the required data, the authors used participatory observation techniques, interviews and documentation. The source of the information was the head of the KUA and Islamic Religious Education instructors in the Pituruh and Muallaf sub-districts in the Pituruh sub-district. The results of the study show that the strategy for implementing Islamic religious counseling in increasing religious literacy in converts is lectures and hospitality. The types of lectures are Friday sermons, Ramadan lectures and majlis taklim lectures. Factors supporting religious instructors in increasing religious literacy among converts are the large number of majlis ta'lim that have been formed in each village, adequate transportation facilities, the large number of mosques and prayer rooms, the majority of Muslim communities and Islamic mass organizations which are being intensively formed. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors for Islamic religious instructors in increasing religious literacy among converts are the lack of number of instructors, the status of converts and differences of opinion regarding religion.
Keanekaragaman Spesies Nyamuk Genus Tripteroides (Diptera: Culicidae) di Indonesia
Authors: Nugroho Sidiq Setyo , Mujiyono Mujiyono
Published: May 2023

dari 21 genus nyamuk yang terdapat di Indonesia. Tripteroides termasuk dalam Tribe Sabethini bersama dengan genus Kimia, Malaya dan Topomyia, Empat dari lima subgenus dalam genus Tripteroides terdapat di Indonesia, yaitu Polylepidomyia, Rachionotomyia, Rachisoura, dan Tripteroides. Tujuan studi ini adalah memperbarui daftar spesies, sebaran, informasi perkembangan taksonomi dalam genus Tripteroides di Indonesia serta kunci identifikasi spesies untuk nyamuk betinanya. Data dikumpulkan dengan studi literatur dan menghimpun laporan penelitian nasional riset khusus vektor dan reservoir penyakit (Rikhus Vektora). Tercatat sebanyak 47 spesies nyamuk Tripteroides di Indonesia dan sebagian besar (33 spesies) merupakan spesies endemik Papua. Terdapat penambahan sebanyak empat spesies dibanding data spesies yang diterbitkan sebelumnya. Penemuan Tp. affinis dari Rikhus Vektora menjadi catatan spesies baru anggota genus Tripteroides di Indonesia. Spesies Tp. tenax, Tp. nepethisimilis dan Tp. littlechildi pernah tercatat terdapat di Indonesia oleh beberapa literatur, namun belum dimasukkan dalam daftar spesies sebelumnya. Kunci identifikasi untuk nyamuk betina juga disampaikan dalam artikel ini.AbstractThe genus Tripteroides is one of 21 genera of mosquitoes found in Indonesia. Tripteroides belongs to the Tribe Sabethini along with the genera Kimia, Malaya, and Topomyia. Four of the five subgenera of Tripteroides are found in Indonesia, namely Polylepidomyia, Rachionotomyia, Rachisoura, and Tripteroides. The purpose of writing this article is to update the species list, distribution, taxonomic development information in the genus Tripteroides in Indonesia, and the species identification key for female mosquitoes. Data were collected by literature study and from reports of national special research for vector and reservoir of disease (Rikhus Vektora). There are 47 species of Tripteroides mosquitoes present in Indonesia and mostly (33 species) were endemic species in Papua. There was an addition of four species compared to the previously published checklist. Collection of Tp. affinis from Rikhus Vektora has become a new record of the genus Tripteroides member in Indonesia. Tp. tenax, Tp. nepethisimilis and Tp. littlechildi had been recorded in Indonesia by some literature. However, those three species have not been included in the previous checklist yet. An identification key for female mosquitoes is also provided here.
Komunitas Burung di Beberapa Situ Kota Tangerang Selatan, Banten
Authors: Rumblat Walid , Bagas Abdul , Irfanullah Feby , Winarsih Ai
Published: May 2023

AbstrakMutu dan fungsi beberapa situ di Tangerang Selatan telah menurun akibat terjadinya pemanfaatan dan alih fungsi lahan, sehingga mengancam keanekaragaman hayati baik flora maupun fauna. Kajian mengenai komunitas burung dan peranannya sebagai bioindikator di beberapa situ diperlukan untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai kemampuan situ dalam mendukung kehidupan burung. Data jenis burung dikumpulkan dengan metode look and see. Data jenis burung yang diperoleh dari Situ Gintung, Situ Sasak, Situ Bungur, dan Situ Pamulang di Tangerang Selatan dianalisis kelimpahan dan dihitung indeks kesamaan jenisnya. Untuk melihat kualitas lingkungan situ, data jenis burung ditabulasikan dan dianalisis menggunakan indeks komunitas burung. Kekayaan jenis tertinggi ditemukan di Situ Gintung (24 famili, 30 genus, dan 38 jenis). Terdapat 16 jenis burung yang memiliki frekuensi perjumpaan tertinggi di ketiga situ (100%). Situ Bungur dan Situ Sasak memiliki kesamaan jenis tertinggi dengan nilai 0,519. Situ Gintung memiliki nilai indeks komunitas burung paling tinggi dengan nilai 70,2 dan termasuk kategori kualitas lingkungan baik, sedangkan Situ Sasak termasuk kategori menengah dan Situ Bungur termasuk kategori rendah. AbstractThe quality and function of several lake in South Tangerang has decreased due to the use and converted of land functions that threaten the biodiversity of both flora and fauna in the region. A study of the bird community and its role as a bio-indicator in some cases is needed to provide an overview of the situability in supporting bird life. Data obtained by direct observation using look ang see method. Data on bird species obtained from Gintung lake, Sasak lake, Bungur lake and Pamulang lake in South Tangerang were analyzed for abundance and similarity index calculated for their species. Bird species data were tabulated and analyzed using the bird community index to see the quality of the environment. The highest type of diversity is found in Gintung lake (24 families, 30 genera, and 38 species). There are 16 species of birds that have the highest frequency of encounter in the fourth place (100%). Bungur and Pamulang lake have the highest similarity with a value of 0.78. Gintung lake has the highest bird community index value with a value of 68, Sasak lake and Bungur lake which scored 60.4 and Pamulang lake with a value of 55.2 including the middle category.
Aktivitas Harian dan Perilaku Makan Kucing Domestik Liar di Lingkungan Kantin IPB
Authors: Julianti Santi , Qomariah Indira Nurul , Al Anshari Muhammad , Salimah Inas , Widayati Kanthi Arum
Published: May 2023

AbstrakFeral cat merupakan kucing domestik liar yang umumnya hidup berkelompok di sekitar habitat manusia. Kucing domestik liar cenderung memanfaatkan sumber daya antropogenik dibanding mencari makan sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan serta menganalisis perilaku harian dan aktivitas pencarian makan antar kelompok kucing domestik liar di sekitar dua kantin Kampus Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB). Metode scan sampling digunakan untuk mengamati aktivitas harian rata-rata dengan interval waktu 10 menit, selanjutnya metode ad libitum sampling untuk melihat perilaku makan dan interaksi antara kucing dengan manusia dalam mendapatkan makanan. Perilaku harian dibagi dalam 3 kategori, yaitu afiliatif, pemeliharaan diri, dan pertemuan negatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, perilaku harian kucing di kedua kantin didominasi oleh perilaku perawatan diri (76,62% dan 65,17%), diikuti oleh perilaku afiliatif (18,06% dan 29,61%) dan perilaku negatif (5,32% dan 5,22%). Tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara perilaku kucing di pagi hari dan siang hari (p-value >0,05). Interaksi antara kucing dan manusia yang memiliki frekuensi tertinggi yaitu perilaku kucing mendekati manusia. Tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada interaksi antara kucing dan manusia di pagi hari dan siang hari (p-value> 0.05).Abstract A feral cat is a wild domestic cat that usually lives in groups around the human habitat. Wild domestic cats tend to utilize anthropogenic resources from humans rather than foraging for themselves. This study aims to compare and analyze the daily behavior and foraging activity of groups of feral cats around the canteens of the IPB University campus. Observation of the cat's daily activity behavior was conducted by the scan sampling method at 10-minute intervals. The ad libitum sampling method was conducted to observe the feeding behavior and the interaction between the cats and humans in getting food. Daily activity behavior is divided into three categories, i.e., affiliative, self-care, and negative encounters. This study showed daily activity of the cats were dominated by self-care (76,62% dan 65,17%), affiliative behavior (18,06% dan 29,61%) and negative encounters (5,32% dan 5,22%). There is no significant difference between the daily activity of the cats in the morning and daytime (p-value >0.05). The interaction between human and the cats were dominated by the behavior of the cats approaching human. There is no significant difference in interactions between humans and cats in the morning and daytime (p-value >0.05).
Keanekaragaman, Kemerataan, dan Kekayaan Spesies Tumbuhan dari Geosite Potensial Benteng Otanaha Sebagai Rintisan Pengembangan Geopark Provinsi Gorontalo
Authors: Baderan Dewi Wahyuni K , Rahim Sukirman , Angio Melisnawati , Salim Al Ilham Bin
Published: May 2023

AbstrakGorontalo mempunyai biodiversitas yang tinggi, dengan ditemukannya berbagai spesies yang bersumber dari flora dan fauna. Biodiversitas merupakan salah satu pilar penting dalam pengembangan Geopark di Provinsi Gorontalo. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui indeks keanekaragaman, indeks kemerataan, indeks kekayaan spesies tumbuhan di wilayah rintisan Geopark Benteng Otanaha. Metode jelajah dan Point Center Quadrat Metode digunakan untuk ekplorasi jenis tumbuhan. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 35 spesies, 12 diantaranya memiliki status konservasi, beresiko rendah 9 spesies yakni Lepisanthes rubiginosa, Garuga floribunda, Cascabela thevetia, Gnetum gnemon, Bambusa sp., Eleusine indica, Pennisetum purpureum, Cactus sp., dan Lichen sp., kategori rentan (Clavaria sp.), kategori hampir terancam (Cycas sp.) dan kategori terancam punah (Euphorbia prostrata). H’ tingkat pohon (1,893), tumbuhan bawah (2,0194). H’ tingkat semai dan lichen masing-masing sebesar 1,012 dan 0,239. Indeks kemerataan pada tingkat pohon, tumbuhan bawah, dan semai memiliki nilai masing-masing sebesar 0,822, 0,674, dan 0,92, dan lichen memiliki indeks kemerataanya sebesar 0,345. Indeks kekayaan spesies tumbuhan tingkat pohon, tumbuhan bawah, seedling, dan lichen tergolong dalam kategori rendah. Informasi tentang biodiversitas tumbuhan dari Geosite potensial Benteng Otanaha menjadi data pelengkap untuk percepatan rencana pengusulan Geopark Gorontalo sebagai Geopark Nasional dan sekaligus wujud upaya konservasi agar spesies yang ada tidak mengalami kepunahan atau habis.Abstract Gorontalo has high biodiversity, with the discovery of various species of flora and fauna throughout the province. Biodiversity is one of the important pillars in the development of Geoparks in the province. The present study aimed to determine the indices of diversity, evenness, and richness in the pilot area of Otanaha Fort Geopark. An exploration method and Point Center Quadrat Method (PCQM) for exploring plant species were employed. The results showed 35 species, of which 12 had conservation status, consisting of 9 low-risk species (Lepisanthes rubiginosa, Garuga floribunda, Cascabela thevetia, Gnetum gnemon, Bambusa sp., Eleusine indica, Pennisetum purpureum, Cactus sp., and Lichen sp.), vulnerable (Clavaria sp.), almost threatened (Cycas sp.) and endangered (Euphorbia prostrata). The diversity index H' of tree, understorey, seedling, and lichen levels was 1.893, 2.0194, 1.012, and 0.239, respectively, while the evenness index was 0.822, 0.674, 0.92, and 0.345, respectively. The richness index of tree species, understorey, seedling, and lichen were in the low category. Information on plant biodiversity from the potential geosite of Otanaha Fortress is complementary data to accelerate the plan to propose the Gorontalo Geopark as a National Geopark and a form of conservation efforts for the existing species.
Deteksi Molekuler Cemaran Daging Babi Pada Produk Bakso Sapi di Kota Kebumen
Authors: Lessy Nina Sakina , Wulandari Sri Wijayanti , Supriyatin Eka , Syafeti Kim Danasjz
Published: May 2023

AbstrakBakso sapi merupakan produk makanan olahan daging sapi yang sangat digemari masyarakat. Harga daging sapi yang relatif tinggi merupakan salah satu faktor utama penjual bakso menggunakan daging babi hutan yang memiliki harga lebih murah sebagai campuran agar biaya produksi lebih murah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeteksi adanya cemaran daging babi pada produk bakso sapi yang dijual di Kota Kebumen dan menguji spesifitas primer untuk mendeteksi jenis spesies pada sampel. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan molekuler, yaitu menggunakan teknik Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) dengan primer mamalia (MTCB) dan primer spesifik babi (P14). Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah stratified random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 31 sampel yang diisolasi, tidak terdapat bakso sapi yang tercemar daging babi yang ditunjukkan dengan tidak adanya amplifikasi gen target dari primer P14. Penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa primer MTCB dapat mengamplifikasi gen target pada semua sampel, yaitu sitokrom b sampai ~1140 bp, sedangkan kontrol positif (sampel babi) primer P14 mampu mengamplifikasi gen target yaitu PRE-1 sepanjang ~480 bp. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat kontaminasi cemaran daging babi pada produk bakso di Kota Kebumen.AbstractBeef meatballs are very popular in Indonesia. However, the high price of beef meat available causes several people to deceive consumers. They add extra meat that is less expensive, which is wild pork meat (boar) to suppress the production cost. This research aims to detect the contamination of pork meat in beef meatballs sold in Kebumen and to analyze the fidelity of MTCB and P14 primers to amplify Cytochrome b and PRE-1 genes respectively. This research was conducted by molecular approach in which polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was used. The meatball samples were coellected by stratified random sampling. Results showed that no sample obtained contained pork meat and MTCB primer was able to amplify its target gene up to ~1140 bp in all samples. As for P14 primer, it is proven to be very specific in amplifying PRE-1 gene in the positive control up to ~480 bp. This showed that MTCB and P14 have very high fidelity to amplify their target genes. Based on the results, it showed that no pork meat contamination was found in meatballs sold in Kebumen.
Variasi Struktur Anatomi Daun Beberapa Jenis Alpinia Roxb. di Malesia
Authors: Setiawan Eka , Miftahudin Miftahudin , Ardiyani Marlina , Chikmawati Tatik
Published: May 2023

AbstrakKetidaksesuaian sistem klasifikasi Alpinia berdasarkan ciri morfologi dengan ciri molekuler menyebabkan sistem klasifikasi pada marga ini masih bermasalah. Data tambahan dari anatomi Alpinia diperlukan untuk mendukung sistem klasifikasi pada marga ini. Sayatan paradermal adaksial dan abaksial dari daun tujuh jenis Alpinia diamati. Sampel diambil dari koleksi Kebun Raya Bogor (KRB) yang mewakili jenis A. galanga, A. mutica, A. padacanca, A. macrocrista, A. malaccensis, A. pusilla, dan A. ligulata. Sebelas ciri Alpinia diamati seperti; ukuran stomata, jumlah stomata, indeks stomata, kerapatan stomata, tipe stomata, ukuran sel tetangga, jumlah sel tetangga, bentuk sel tetangga, ukuran epidermis, jumlah epidermis, dan bentuk epidermis. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa beberapa ciri dapat digunakan untuk membedakan jenis Alpinia, seperti bentuk dan ukuran epidermis; ukuran, kerapatan dan indeks stomata; serta ukuran sel tetangga. Sementara ciri lainnya, seperti tipe stomata dan bentuk sel tetangga pada semua jenis Alpinia memiliki bentuk yang sama sehingga tidak dapat digunakan untuk membedakan jenis Alpinia.Abstract The incompatibility of Alpinia classification system based on morphological and molecular character causes classification system of this genus is still problematic. Additional data from Alpinia anatomy are needed to support the classification system in this genus. Adaxial and abaxial sides paradermal incisions of seven Alpinia species were observed. The samples were taken from the Bogor Botanical Gardens (KRB) collection representing A. galanga, A. mutica, A. padacanca, A. macrocrista, A. malaccensis, A. pusilla, and A. ligulata. Eleven Alpinia characteristics were observed; stomatal size, number of stomata, stomatal index, stomatal density, stomatal type, neighboring cells size, number of neighboring cells, neighboring cell shape, epidermal cells size, number of epidermal cells, and epidermal cells shape. The results showed that several characteristics can be used to distinguish Alpinia species, such as the shape and size of epidermal cells; the size, density and index of stomata; and the size of neighboring cells. Several other characteristics, such as the type of stomata and shape of neighboring cells in all species of Alpinia have the same shape so the characters cannot be used to distinguish Alpinia species.