bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modulation of riboflavin biosynthesis and utilization in mycobacteria
Authors: Chengalroyen Melissa D. , Mehaffy Carolina , Lucas Megan , Bauer Niel , Raphela Mabule L. , Oketade Nurudeen , Warner Digby F. , Lewinsohn Deborah A. , Lewinsohn David M. , Dobos Karen M. , Mizrahi Valerie
Published: August 2023

Riboflavin (vitamin B2) is the precursor of the flavin coenzymes, FAD and FMN, which play a central role in cellular redox metabolism. While humans must obtain riboflavin from dietary sources, certain microbes, includingMycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb), can biosynthesize riboflavinde novo. Riboflavin precursors have also been implicated in the activation of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells which recognize metabolites derived from the riboflavin biosynthesis pathway complexed to the MHC-I-like molecule, MR1. To investigate the biosynthesis and function of riboflavin and its pathway intermediates in mycobacterial metabolism, physiology and MAIT cell recognition, we constructed conditional knockdowns (hypomorphs) in riboflavin biosynthesis and utilization genes inMycobacterium smegmatis(Msm) and Mtb by inducible CRISPR interference. Using this comprehensive panel of hypomorphs, we analyzed the impact of gene silencing on viability, on the transcription of (other) riboflavin pathway genes, on the levels of the pathway proteins and on riboflavin itself. Our results revealed that (i) despite lacking a canonical transporter, both Msm and Mtb assimilate exogenous riboflavin when supplied at high concentration; (ii) there is functional redundancy in lumazine synthase activity in Msm; (iii) silencing ofribA2orribFis profoundly bactericidal in Mtb; and (iv) in Msm,ribA2silencing results in concomitant knockdown of other pathway genes coupled with RibA2 and riboflavin depletion and is also bactericidal. In addition to their use in genetic validation of potential drug targets for tuberculosis, this collection of hypomorphs provides a useful resource for investigating the role of pathway intermediates in MAIT cell recognition of mycobacteria.

IMPORTANCE

The pathway for biosynthesis and utilization of riboflavin, precursor of the essential coenzymes, FMN and FAD, is of particular interest in the flavin-rich pathogen,Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb), for two important reasons: (i) the pathway includes potential tuberculosis (TB) drug targets; and (ii) intermediates from the riboflavin biosynthesis pathway provide ligands for mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, which have been implicated in TB pathogenesis. However, the riboflavin pathway is poorly understood in mycobacteria, which lack canonical mechanisms to transport this vitamin and to regulate flavin coenzyme homeostasis. By conditionally disrupting each step of the pathway and assessing the impact on mycobacterial viability and on the levels of the pathway proteins as well as riboflavin, our work provides genetic validation of the riboflavin pathway as a target for TB drug discovery and offers a resource for further exploring the association between riboflavin biosynthesis, MAIT cell activation and TB infection and disease.
Extending ligand efficacy indices with compound pharmacokinetic characteristics towards holistic Compound Quality Scores
Authors: Tautermann Christofer S. , Borghardt Jens M. , Pfau Roland , Zentgraf Matthias , Weskamp Nils , Sauer Achim
Published: August 2023

The suitability of a small molecule to become an oral drug is often assessed by simple physicochemical rules, the application of ligand efficacy scores (combining physicochemical properties with potency) or by multi-parameter composite scores based on physicochemical compound properties. These rules and scores are empirical and typically lack mechanistic background, such as information on pharmacokinetics (PK). We introduce a new type of Compound Quality Scores (specifically called dose-scores and cmax-scores), which explicitly include predicted or when available experimentally determined PK parameters, such as volume of distribution, clearance and plasma protein binding. Combined with on-target potency, these scores are surrogates for an estimated dose or the corresponding cmax. These Compound Quality Scores allow for prioritization of compounds in test cascades, and by integrating machine learning based potency and PK predictions, these scores allow prioritization for synthesis. We demonstrate the complementary and in most cases the superiority to existing efficiency metrics (such as ligand efficiency scores) by project examples.
Breakdown and repair of the aging brain metabolic system
Authors: Shichkova Polina , Coggan Jay S. , Kanari Lida , Boci Elvis , Favreau Cyrille , Antonel Stefano Maximiliano , Keller Daniel , Markram Henry
Published: August 2023

The study presented explores the complex relationship between the aging brain, energy metabolism, blood flow and neuronal activity by introducing a comprehensive, data-driven molecular model of the neuro-glial vascular system, including all key enzymes, transporters, metabolites, and blood flow vital for neuronal electrical activity with 16’800 interaction pathways. We find significant alterations in metabolite concentrations and differential effects on ATP supply in neurons and astrocytes and within subcellular compartments within aged brains, and identify reduced Na+/K+-ATPase as the leading cause of impaired neuronal action potentials. The model predicts that the metabolic pathways cluster more closely in the aged brain, suggesting a loss of robustness and adaptability. Additionally, the aged metabolic system displays reduced flexibility, undermining its capacity to efficiently respond to stimuli and recover from damage. Through transcription factor analysis, the estrogen-related receptor alpha (ESRRA) emerged as a central target connected to these aging-related changes. An unguided optimization search pinpointed potential interventions capable of restoring the brain’s metabolic flexibility and restoring action potential generation. These strategies include increasing the NADH cytosol-mitochondria shuttle, NAD+ pool, ketone β-hydroxybutyrate, lactate and Na+/K+-ATPase and reducing blood glucose levels. The model is open-sourced to help guide further research in brain metabolism.
Murine leukemia virus can infect non-dividing cells
Authors: Salas-Briceno Karen , Zhao Wenming , Ross Susan R.
Published: August 2023

Retroviral reverse transcription starts within the capsid and uncoating and reverse transcription are mutually dependent. There is still debate regarding the timing and cellular location of HIV’s uncoating and reverse transcription and whether it occurs solely in the cytoplasm, nucleus or both. HIV can infect non-dividing cells because there is active transport of the preintegration complex (PIC) across the nuclear membrane, but Murine Leukemia Virus (MLV) is thought to depend on cell division for replication and whether MLV uncoating and reverse transcription is solely cytoplasmic has not been studied. Here, we used NIH3T3 and primary mouse dendritic cells to determine where the different stages of reverse transcription occur and whether cell division is needed for nuclear entry. Our data strongly suggest that in both NIH3T3 cells and dendritic cells (DCs), the initial step of reverse transcription occurs in the cytoplasm. However, we detected MLV RNA/DNA hybrid intermediates in the nucleus of dividing NIH3T3 cells and non-dividing DCs, suggesting that reverse transcription can continue after nuclear entry. We also found that the MLV PIC requires cell division to enter the nucleus of NIH3T3 cells. In contrast, we show that MLV can infect non-dividing primary DCs, although integration of MLV DNA in DCs still required the viral p12 protein. Knockdown of several nuclear pore proteins dramatically reduced the appearance of integrated MLV DNA in DCs but not NIH3T3 cells. Additionally, MLV capsid associates with the nuclear pore proteins NUP358 and NUP62 during infection. These findings suggest that simple retroviruses, like HIV, gain nuclear entry by traversing the nuclear pore complex in non-mitotic cells.

Author Summary

It is widely believed that gammaretroviruses like MLV require cell division to achieve nuclear entry and complete their replication. We show here that while this is true for rapidly dividing tissue culture cells, in quiescent cells like dendritic cells, the natural targets of MLV infection, the virus establishes infection without cell division. These studies show that the requirements for retrovirus infection depend on the cell type.
Visual Display Interface (VDI): A MATLAB Software Library For Simulating and Processing In-Vivo Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Spectroscopic Imaging Data
Authors: Liu Yiling , Oeltzschner Georg , Ronen Itamar , Schmidt Rita , Seginer Amir , Kirov Ivan , Wu Dan , Zhang Zhiyong , Tal Assaf
Published: August 2023

We describe a new comprehensive and open-source MATLAB library, called the Visual Display Interface (VDI), designed to process, model, quantify and visualize magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) data. The library focuses on three major strengths: promoting reproducible research by creating comprehensive data logging and reporting and identifying outlier datasets; seamlessly combining spectral and spatial processing of both single and multivoxel data; and offering a modern, object-oriented design. VDI handles a wide range of common tasks, including spectral and spatial transforms, built-in spectral fitting, absolute quantification, and running density-matrix simulations for coupled and uncoupled spin systems to generate appropriate basis sets and aid in sequence design. VDI interfaces with the Statistical Parameteric Mapping (SPM) toolbox to carry out tissue segmentation, calculate tissue fractions within voxels, derive mean metabolite values from regions of interest defined by anatomical or functional atlases, and perform linear regression for global white matter and gray matter metabolite concentrations. The library’s workings are demonstrated for two tasks: (1) Pre-processing, fitting and analysis of single-voxel proton MRS data from healthy volunteers; and (2) Extracting region-specific metabolite concentrations from spectroscopic imaging data based on an existing cortical atlas in MNI space, and calculating average gray and white matter global concentrations using linear regression.
Association between pre-existing conditions and hospitalization, intensive care services and mortality from COVID-19 – a cross sectional analysis of an international global health data repository
Authors: Elsayed Basant M. S. , Altarawneh Lina , Farooqui Habib Hassan , Khan Muhammed Naseem , Babu Giridhara Rathnaiah , Doi Suhail A.R. , Chivese Tawanda
Published: August 2023

Objective

To investigate the association between pre-existing conditions and hospitalization, need for intensive care services (ICU) and mortality due to COVID-19.

Methods

We used data on all cases recorded in the Global Health Data repository up to the 10thof March 2021 to carry out a cross-sectional analysis of associations between cardiovascular diseases (CVD), hypertension, diabetes, obesity, lung diseases and kidney disease and hospitalization, ICU admission and mortality due to COVID-19. The Global Health repository reported data from 137 countries, but only Brazil, Mexico and Cuba reported more than 10 COVID-19 cases in participants with preexisting conditions. We used multivariable logistic regression to compute adjusted odds ratios (aOR) of the three outcomes for each pre-existing condition in ten-year age groups from 0-9 years and up to 110-120 years.

Results

The Global Health repository held 25 900 000 records of confirmed cases of COVID-19, of which 2 900 000 cases were from Brazil, Mexico and Cuba. The overall adjusted odds of hospitalization for the selected pre-existing condition were; CVD (OR 1.7, 95%CI 1.7-1.7), hypertension (OR 1.5, 95%CI 1.4-1.5), diabetes (OR 2.2, 95%CI 2.1-2.2), obesity (OR 1.7, 95%CI 1.6-1.7), kidney disease (OR 5.5, 95%CI 5.2-5.7) and lung disease (OR 1.9, 95%CI 1.8-1.9). The overall adjusted odds of ICU admission for each pre-existing condition were; CVD (OR 2.1, 95%CI 1.8-2.4), hypertension (OR 1.3, 95%CI 1.2-1.4), diabetes (OR 1.7, 95%CI 1.5-1.8), obesity (OR 2.2, 95%%CI 2.1-2.4), kidney disease (OR 1.4, 95%CI 1.2-1.7) and lung disease (OR 1.1, 95%CI 0.9-1.3). The overall adjusted odds of mortality for each pre-existing condition were; CVD (OR 1.7, 95%CI 1.6-1.7), hypertension (OR 1.3, 95%CI 1.3-1.4), diabetes (OR 2.0, 95%CI 1.9-2.0), obesity (OR 1.9, 95%CI 1.8-2.0), kidney disease (OR 2.7, 95%CI 2.6-2.9) and lung disease (OR 1.6, 95%CI 1.5-1.7). The odds of each outcome were considerably larger in children and young adults with these preexisting conditions than for adults, especially for kidney disease, CVD, and diabetes.

Conclusion

This analysis of a global health repository confirms associations between pre-existing diseases and clinical outcomes of COVID-19. The odds of these outcomes are especially elevated in children and young adults with these preexisting conditions.
Exploring consumer perceptions and familiarity on apple production and processing under different conditions: conventional, organic, home-made, artisanal and industrial
Authors: Espinosa-Brisset Lucia , Pénicaud Caroline , Souchon Isabelle , Saint-Eve Anne
Published: August 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to better understand consumer's familiarity with fruit processing as well as how fruit production conditions (organic and conventional farming), processing conditions (homemade, artisanal and industrial) and the type of processing (e.g. applesauce, apple cider and apple sorbet) influence consumer perceptions of processed fruits.

Design/methodology/approach

An online survey questionnaire was applied to 1,000 people living in France. The people represented different genders, ages (18–60+) and sociodemographic categories. Participants were categorized based on their produce purchasing habits (conventional, local, organic, local-organic). The questionnaire contained multiple choice and five point Likert scale questions. Data were analyzed using non-parametric tests.

Findings

The authors found that participants saw year-round availability, fruit preservation and food waste reduction as processing advantages. Locally sourced products were preferred to organic products. The perceived disadvantages to processing were additive usage, nutrient loss and packaging. For consumers, these disadvantages drove highly differentiated perceptions of industrial versus artisanal/homemade apple products. Processing conditions appeared to matter far more than production conditions (organic vs. conventional). In general, consumers weren't familiar with processing operations, awareness was greater for consumers of local and/or organic produce than conventional consumers.

Social implications

There must be a societal transition toward healthier diets, and food technologies. Informed consumers, might be better equipped to make healthy, informed choices if the consumers are given quality information about food production and processing at different levels.

Originality/value

Research has shown that consumers view fresh organic fruit positively, but only few studies have looked at perceptions of processed fruit products and their familiarity with processing operations. Results of this study demonstrate that consumers could make better choices if the consumers are given quality information about fruit production and processing.
Institution quality and stock price crash risk: a global perspective
Authors: Wang Cong , Lu Yifan
Published: August 2023

Purpose

This study aims to provide empirical evidence on the relationship between formal institutions and stock price crash risk from a global perspective.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper uses data of 35,468 firms globally over the years 1987–2019 and address the endogeneity issue by employing the Mundlak random effects estimator.

Findings

The authors find a significant negative impact of institution quality on stock price crash risk (i.e. better institutions reduce crash risk), after controlling for common determinants of crash risk such as leverage, return on asset, firm size, investment, etc. as well as macro factors such as GDP growth. This effect is robust to different measures of crash risk and sub-indicators of institutions quality. In addition, the authors also find this effect to be universally present in economies characterized by different levels of income.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors' knowledge, there's no known study that explores the potential causal relationship between institution quality and stock price crash risk. Therefore, the research topic in this study is original and can contribute significantly to the existing literature.
Operational performance improvement in manual assembly lines: a case study in Denmark and conceptual model for quick and long-term wins
Authors: de Jesus Pacheco Diego Augusto , Schougaard Thomas
Published: August 2023

Purpose

This study aims to investigate how to identify and address production levelling problems in assembly lines utilising an intensive manual workforce when higher productivity levels are urgently requested to meet market demands.

Design/methodology/approach

A mixed-methods approach was used in the research design, integrating case study analysis, interviews and qualitative/quantitative data collection and analysis. The methodology implemented also introduces to the literature on operational performance a novel combination of data analysis methods by introducing the use of the Natural Language Understanding (NLU) methods.

Findings

First, the findings unveil the impacts on operational performance that transportation, limited documentation and waiting times play in assembly lines composed of an intensive workforce. Second, the paper unveils the understanding of the role that a limited understanding of how the assembly line functions play in productivity. Finally, the authors provide actionable insights into the levelling problems in manual assembly lines.

Practical implications

This research supports industries operating assembly lines with intensive utilisation of manual workforce to improve operational performance. The paper also proposed a novel conceptual model prescriptively guiding quick and long-term improvements in intensive manual workforce assembly lines. The article assists industrial decision-makers with subsequent turnaround strategies to ensure higher efficiency levels requested by the market.

Originality/value

The paper offers actionable findings relevant to other manual assembly lines utilising an intensive workforce looking to improve operational performance. Some of the methods and strategies examined in this study to improve productivity require minimal capital investments. Lastly, the study contributes to the empirical literature by identifying production levelling problems in a real context.
How effort expectancy and performance expectancy interact to trigger higher education students’ uses of ChatGPT for learning
Authors: Duong Cong Doanh , Bui Duc Tho , Pham Huong Thao , Vu Anh Trong , Nguyen Van Hoang
Published: August 2023

Purpose

The emergence of artificial intelligence technologies, like ChatGPT, has taken the world by storm, particularly in the education sector. This study aims to adopt the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology to explore how effort expectancy (EEC) and performance expectancy (PEE) individually, jointly, congruently and incongruently affect higher education students’ intentions and actual uses of ChatGPT for their learning.

Design/methodology/approach

An advanced methodology – polynomial regression with response surface analysis – and a sample of 1,461 higher education students recruited in Vietnam through three-phase stratified random sampling approach were adopted to test developed hypotheses.

Findings

Both EEC and PEE were found to have a direct positive impact on the likelihood of higher education students’ intention to use ChatGPT, which in turn promotes them actually use this tool for learning purposes. Conversely, a large incongruence between EEC and PEE will lower the level of intentions and actual uses of ChatGPT for learning. However, when there is a growing incongruence between EEC and PEE, either in a positive or negative direction, the likelihood of students’ intentions to use ChatGPT for learning decreases.

Practical implications

Some practical implications are subsequently recommended to obtain advantages and address potential threats arising from the implementation of this novel technology in the education context.

Originality/value

This study shed the new light on the educational setting by testing how higher education students’ intentions to use ChatGPT and subsequent actual uses of ChatGPT are synthesized from the balance between high EEC and PEE.
Does a name make a difference? The neo-documentalist movement, where does it stand after 27 years 1996–2023
Authors: Lund Niels Windfeld
Published: August 2023

Purpose

The purpose of the paper is to analyze how the Neo-documentalist movement, initiated in 1996 by Michael Buckland, Boyd Rayward and Niels Lund, has evolved in its 27 years history, how the choice of documentation as name of the new program in Tromsø has made a difference in the LIS field and how different documentation scholars around the world has participated and approached the movement until now.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper has approached the “Neo-documentalist movement” in a historical perspective from 1996 to 2023 discussing what difference does the choice of a concept make, when the concept of documentation is chosen instead of information in the name of a program and for the general discussion of the object of an academic field like Library and Information Science.

Findings

The analysis shows that it did make a difference to choose the concept of documentation as name of the program in Tromsø and the Neo-documentalist movement contributed to a new focus and discussion of the informative objects, the documents and their creation, not only in Tromsø, but in different parts of the world across linguistic borders.

Originality/value

The paper is original by the fact that it is the first time that the neo documentalist movement has been reviewed on a global scale across linguistic barriers. It has value by a discussion of the ways in which a choice of concept matter in relation to defining a field and the research agenda.
The effects of institutions, firm-level factors and rational decision-making on entrepreneurial behaviors of MSMEs: lessons and opportunities for transition communities
Authors: Kryeziu Liridon , Krasniqi Besnik A. , Bağış Mehmet , Hajrullahu Vjose , Zhushi Genc , Bytyçi Donika , Ismajli Mirsim
Published: August 2023

Purpose

This study aims to examine the impact of regulatory, normative and cultural cognitive institutions and firm and individual factors on entrepreneurial behavior.

Design/methodology/approach

Using the quantitative research method, the authors collected data from 316 micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Kosovo, a transition economy, through a cross-sectional research design. The authors performed exploratory factor analyses, correlation and regression analyses on the data using SPSS 26 and STATA software.

Findings

The research findings indicate that, within transition economies, normative and cultural-cognitive institutions have a positive impact on entrepreneurial behaviors. The authors could not determine the effect of regulatory institutions on entrepreneurial behavior. The authors also discovered that young firms are more inclined toward entrepreneurial behavior than older firms, and micro firms display a stronger entrepreneurial behavior than small firms. Furthermore, family businesses showed a greater tendency for entrepreneurial behavior than nonfamily firms. Interestingly, when the rational decision-making interacts with regulatory institutions, the effect on entrepreneurial behavior is negative.

Research limitations/implications

This study employed a cross-sectional approach to investigate the influence of macro, meso, and micro-level factors on entrepreneurial behavior within a transitioning community across three industries. Future studies could replicate these findings within comparable institutional contexts, employing longitudinal studies that include additional variables beyond those considered in our present study.

Practical implications

Considering the importance of MSMEs for a country’s economic and sustainable development, the authors provide some policy implications. The authors recommend managers carefully evaluate the information gathered while they decide and also increase their capabilities concerning digitalization, which is crucial for their firm’s survival, growth and sustainable competitive advantage.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to the literature and shows and analyses entrepreneurial behavior at institutional (macro), firm-level factors (meso) and managers' rational decision-making (micro), providing evidence from a transition community.
Real Estate Insights The clash of politics and economics in the UK property market–the case of leaseholds
Authors: Seagraves Philip
Published: August 2023

Purpose

The aim of this Real Estate Insight is to comment upon the UK leasehold system, particularly focussing on new-build homes. This paper sheds light on the controversy surrounding this practice, public perception and the impact of a proposed ban on the housing and the impact, thereof, on property investment.

Design/methodology/approach

This Real Estate Insight, through the lens of investment principles, dissects the rationale behind the initial pricing in the leasehold system and how potential future costs and benefits shape this mechanism. The nature of the “Insights” briefings means that this is a personal view of the author.

Findings

With the recent outcry over perceived unfair practices, the paper scrutinises whether the problem lies within the system itself or in the consumers' comprehension of the system. This paper suggests that enhancing consumer education and imposing stricter disclosure requirements might serve as a more effective solution than outright legislative prohibitions.

Practical implications

The paper also briefly touches upon the concept of “gouging” in market function, highlighting potential inconsistencies in consumer behaviour.

Originality/value

This is a review of the UK leasehold market in relation to the legal title being offered at purchase.
Framing your concerns right: an analysis of air passengers' complaints during two time periods
Authors: Sharma Divya , Vimalkumar M. , Gouda Sirish , Gupta Agam , Ilavarasan Vignesh
Published: August 2023

Purpose

Consumers are increasingly choosing social media over other channels and mechanisms for grievance redressal. However, not all social media grievances elicit a response from businesses. Hence, in this research the authors aim to explore the effect of the complainant's social characteristics and the complaint's social and content characteristics on the likelihood of receiving a response to a grievance from the business on social media.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors build a conceptual model and then empirically test it to explore the effect of the complainant's characteristics and the complaint's characteristics on the likelihood of response from a business on social media. The authors use data of consumer grievances received by an Indian airline operator on Twitter during two time periods – the first corresponding to lockdown during Covid-19 pandemic, and the second corresponding to the resumption of business as usual following these lockdowns. The authors use logistic regression and the hazard rate model to model the likelihood of response and the response delay, respectively, for social media customer grievances.

Findings

Complainants with high social influence are not more likely to get a response for their grievances on social media. While tagging other individuals and business accounts in a social media complaint has negative effect on the likelihood of business response in both the time periods, the effect of tagging regulatory bodies on the likelihood of response was negative only in the Covid-19 lockdown period. The readability and valence of a complaint were found to positively affect the likelihood of response to a social media grievance. However, the effect of valence was significant only in lockdown period.

Originality/value

This research offers insights on what elicits responses from a service provider to consumers' grievances on social media platforms. The extant literature is a plenty on how firms should be engaging consumers on online media and how online communities should be built, but scanty on grievance redressal on social media. This research is, therefore, likely to be useful to service providers who are inclined to improve their grievance handling mechanisms, as well as, to regulatory authorities and ombudsmen.
Twenty-five years of New England Journal of Entrepreneurship: a bibliometric review
Authors: Lee Younggeun , Kumar Satish , Cortes Andres Felipe , Sureka Riya , Lim Weng Marc
Published: August 2023

Purpose

In 2023, the New England Journal of Entrepreneurship (NEJE) reached its 25th anniversary. To commemorate this major milestone as well as entrepreneurship’s growth as an academic field, the study employs bibliometric methods to provide key trends and research suggestions for entrepreneurship scholars using all original research published in the journal.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors perform two predominant bibliometric techniques, performance analysis and science mapping, using all 251 articles published by NEJE from 1998 to 2022.

Findings

The authors find that the impact of entrepreneurship research published at NEJE is growing consistently and that the challenge of the future will be to maintain this growth in tandem with greater publication productivity. The authors also find that although most contributions come from authors affiliated with institutions in the USA, there is a global representation from authors who have published in NEJE. Further, the authors found that the major entrepreneurship research themes of articles published in NEJE revolve around general entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial behavior, gender, technology, entrepreneurship education, innovation and value creation and sustainability.

Research limitations/implications

The analysis is restricted to articles published in NEJE and therefore may not be representative of the entrepreneurship field. However, it can serve as a useful resource, particularly for prospective NEJE authors, to gain empirical insights about entrepreneurship research trends and rising topics of interest.

Originality/value

The authors’ work represents the first effort to synthesize research published in NEJE through bibliometric techniques and offers insights about important trends and themes in this rising outlet of the entrepreneurship field.
Impact of Supervisor's Interactional Justice and Interpersonal Affect on Subordinates' Performance Rating: A Signalling Perspective
Authors: Singh Sanjay Kumar , Varma Arup , Budhwar Pawan S. , Soral Prakriti
Published: August 2023

The complexity of performance evaluation and the insufficiency of objective measures to make informed performance decisions is an ongoing challenge. We suggest that extracting supportive information from social cues during supervisor–subordinate interactions can aid in navigating these complexities. The current study assesses how signals transmitted during supervisor–subordinate interactions play a crucial role in providing additional information for evaluations. We propose the ‘signalling chain’ concept based on signalling theory, which elaborates on the reciprocal exchange of signals between the sender and receiver, ultimately mitigating information asymmetry for both parties. We collected data from 253 matched supervisor–subordinate dyads to study the proposed relationships and analysed the data using structural equation modelling techniques. The findings show that the supervisor's signals of liking and relational fairness from interpersonal affect and interactional justice positively influence the subordinate's organizational commitment. The findings also suggest that subordinates reciprocate their obligation to the supervisor by being committed to the organization that counter‐signals involvement and identification to supervisors and aid in performance evaluation. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of our study and offer future research directions.
THE INFLUENCE OF PHILANTHROPIC FOUNDATIONS ON CITY GOVERNMENT INNOVATION
Authors: Puttick Ruth
Published: August 2023

In this study I examine the role of philanthropic foundations in stimulating city government innovation. Reduced budgets and rising consumer demands are challenging organizational capacity in government, prompting government officials to recognize the need for innovation to improve policies, programmes and practices. This empirical study draws upon qualitative interviews and policy reports to generate comparative case studies on three city governments in England: Bristol, Manchester and Newcastle. It builds on work in urban studies and policy mobilities that reveals how foundations can influence urban agendas, finding that philanthropic foundations engage with city governments through three different types of collaboration: direct provision of financial resources, exchange of non‐financial resources with city governments and indirect engagements. Philanthropic foundations are blending financial resources and less tangible provision of space and time to enable city governments to experiment with new ideas, policies and ways of working. The fusion of non‐governmental resources provides city governments with the capacity to act, and city governments often use non‐governmental funding for riskier projects and for projects that may not have taken place if public funding had been used. Through these different collaborations and by deploying a suite of interventions and methods, philanthropic foundations stimulate product, service, process, conceptual and governance innovation in city governments.
Classical stimulants in Dallas County: A retrospective review of toxicological, seized drug, and demographical data from 2017 to 2022
Authors: Glicksberg Lindsay , Casey Brittany K. , Dempsey Sara K.
Published: August 2023

Cocaine and methamphetamine remain highly abused drugs in the United States due to their euphoric effects. This study examines classical stimulant casework, defined as cases positive for methamphetamine and/or cocaine, received by the Toxicology Laboratory and the Drug Analysis Laboratory at the Dallas County Southwestern Institute of Forensic Sciences from local law enforcement agencies and/or the Office of the Medical Examiner (OME) between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2022. Methamphetamine positivity increased from 10.4% to 20.3% in the Toxicology Laboratory over the 6 years, whereas cocaine positivity remained relatively stable at approximately 17%. Similarly, in the Drug Analysis Laboratory, the methamphetamine positivity rate changed from 24.8% to 33.2%, whereas cocaine identification remained stable at approximately 20%. Blood concentrations of methamphetamine in OME cases ranged from 10.1–42,740.0 ng/mL while they were lower in DWI casework ranging from 10.2–2385.0 ng/mL. The blood concentration trends of cocaine were similar to methamphetamine, with OME casework ranging higher (10.0–24,501.0 ng/mL) than DWI casework (10.2–371.6 ng/mL). Polydrug use was evident for both methamphetamine and cocaine in postmortem cases, and the top three most frequently co‐occurring drug/drug class were opioids/opiates, cannabinoids, and ethanol. The results from this study aid in the understanding of historical usage trends of cocaine and methamphetamine in Dallas County and how those trends have changed over time as newer stimulant drugs have emerged.
Examining the prevalence of experiencing sexual misconduct and reporting to Title IX and counseling services across student race/ethnicity: Findings from the 2019 Association of American Universities survey
Authors: Richards Tara N. , Hayes Brittany E.
Published: August 2023

Research Summary

We examined the prevalence of experiencing sexual misconduct—rape, contact sexual violence, sexual harassment—in college and whether students reported to Title IX coordinators or campus counseling services by students’ race/ethnicity. Data from the 2019 Association of American Universities survey (unweighted N = 160,387) were used to estimate multilevel logistic regression models. Across this sample, 44.70% of students experienced sexual misconduct victimization; among victim‐survivors who contacted a program, 19.85% reported to Title IX and 45.63% contacted campus counseling services. Black students did not significantly differ from White students in their experiences with sexual misconduct, yet Asian students were significantly less likely than White students to experience all types of sexual misconduct. Black and Asian students had lower odds of reporting sexual misconduct to Title IX (though results vary by type of misconduct), but Black students had higher odds of reporting to campus counseling services across all types of sexual misconduct.

Policy Implications

Sexual misconduct victimization is a common experience for American college students. In response, decades of changes to federal and state laws and policies have focused on increasing reporting to campus Title IX coordinators; however, reporting to Title IX remains a rare occurrence. Reporting barriers are greatest among Black and Asian students. Campuses must address barriers in reporting to Title IX and do so in ways that are equitable for all students. Further, campuses must review their current and planned investment in counseling services and culturally centered services to ensure that they have the appropriate resources to serve students.
Online peer‐delivered group cognitive‐behavioral therapy for postpartum depression: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Merza Donya , Amani Bahar , Savoy Calan , Babiy Zoryana , Bieling Peter J. , Streiner David L. , Ferro Mark A. , Van Lieshout Ryan J.
Published: August 2023

Background

Postpartum depression (PPD) affects up to one in five mothers and birthing parents, yet just 10% receive evidence‐based care. This randomized controlled trial aimed to determine if a synchronous online 9‐week group cognitive‐behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention delivered by mothers who have recovered from postpartum depression (i.e., peers) could effectively improve PPD and its comorbidities.

Methods

Participants (n = 183) in this study lived in Ontario, Canada, were ≥18 years‐old, had an infant <12 months, were fluent in English, and scored ≥10 on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). They were randomized to experimental (received intervention plus treatment as usual (TAU)) or waitlist control (TAU plus the intervention after a 9‐week wait) groups. Depression, anxiety, social support, mother‐infant bonding, and infant temperament were assessed at baseline and 9 weeks later. Outcomes were assessed in the experimental group 3 months post‐intervention to assess stability.

Results

Statistically significant reductions were observed in EPDS (B = 5.99; p < 0.001; d = 1.32) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire‐7 scores (B = 5.94; p < 0.001; d = 1.22), improvements that remained stable 3 months post‐intervention in the experimental group. Maternal social support (p = 0.02; d = 0.40), infant‐focused anxiety (p = 0.02; d = 0.54), and infant negative emotionality (p < 0.01; d = 0.23) also improved post‐intervention and remained stable 3 months later.

Conclusion

Online peer‐delivered group CBT for PPD can effectively treat PPD and anxiety, and improve social support, infant‐focused anxiety, and negative emotionality in infants. This intervention could provide the means to increase access to treatment for those experiencing PPD and improve outcomes for mothers, birthing parents, and families.
Demographic evidence that development is not compatible with sustainability in semi‐urban freshwater turtles
Authors: Auge A.‐C. , Blouin‐Demers G. , Hasler C. T. , Murray D. L.
Published: August 2023

Balancing urban development with environmental sustainability is a major challenge that is increasingly recognized in planning decisions. Urban development proposals are often approved with the expectation that deleterious impacts on native species will be constrained, but this assumption is rarely tested over sufficient timelines to confirm its validity for long‐lived, at‐risk species. We tracked changes in Blanding's turtle (Emydoidea blandingii) habitat availability and demography over 10 years near Ottawa, ON, Canada, to determine whether urban development and associated mitigation measures were sufficient to ensure long‐term population persistence. Suitable turtle habitat declined by 10% during the study, and wetland corridors were essentially lost. Habitat loss coincided with a marked reduction in adult turtle apparent survival, resulting in a 70% decline in population size. Adult females experienced the greatest decline, and despite wildlife fencing and culvert placement as conditions of project approval, turtle road mortality likely was the primary cause of the decline. Deterministic population viability analysis revealed that ~4 adult female road mortalities (of an initial 56 females) per year produced a comparable decline to that observed in our population estimates; at this rate, the population will likely breach its quasi‐extinction threshold (4 females) in under a decade. Accordingly, we infer that in our study area, approved urban development was not compatible with at‐risk turtle population viability. Our findings imply that urban development approval conditions, even when conducted in the context of seemingly robust species‐at‐risk protection, can be inadequate to ensure sustainability. We contend that if environmental sustainability is to be prioritized, urban development projects in areas occupied by at‐risk species must be subject to more stringent oversight during the planning, approval and implementation phases.
ESG performance and green innovation in a digital transformation perspective
Authors: Dai Jun , Zhu Qiumin
Published: August 2023

In the era of the digital economy, companies strive to promote green innovation by enhancing their ESG performance, aiming to create new advantages for high‐quality corporate development. We investigate the influence and mechanism of corporate digital transformation, ESG performance, and green innovation using data from Shanghai and Shenzhen A‐share listed enterprises in China between 2012 and 2021. The study reveals that good ESG performance significantly fosters green innovation. Additionally, digital transformation plays a positive moderating role in the relationship between ESG performance and green innovation, which remains consistent even after conducting a series of robustness tests. The findings of this study offer valuable insights for improving the top‐level planning of “Digital Nation,” promoting the development of ESG concepts, and achieving “carbon peaking,” and “carbon neutrality.”
Thermostable allergens in canned fish: Evaluating risks for fish allergy
Authors: Taki Aya C. , Ruethers Thimo , Nugraha Roni , Karnaneedi Shaymaviswanathan , Williamson Nicholas A. , Nie Shuai , Leeming Michael G. , Mehr Sam S. , Campbell Dianne E. , Lopata Andreas L.
Published: August 2023

Background

Major fish allergens, including parvalbumin (PV), are heat stable and can withstand extensive cooking processes. Thus, the management of fish allergy generally relies on complete avoidance. Fish‐allergic patients may be advised to consume canned fish, as some fish‐allergic individuals have reported tolerance to canned fish. However, the safety of consuming canned fish has not been evaluated with comprehensive immunological and molecular analysis of canned fish products.

Methods

We characterized the in vitro immunoreactivity of serum obtained from fish‐allergic subjects to canned fish. Seventeen canned fish products (salmon n = 8; tuna n = 7; sardine n = 2) were assessed for the content and integrity of PV using allergen‐specific antibodies. Subsequently, the sIgE binding of five selected products was evaluated for individual fish‐allergic patients (n = 53). Finally, sIgE‐binding proteins were identified by mass spectrometry.

Results

The canned fish showed a markedly reduced PV content and binding to PV‐specific antibodies compared with conventionally cooked fish. However, PV and other heat‐stable fish allergens, including tropomyosin and collagen, still maintained their sIgE‐binding capacity. Of 53 patients, 66% showed sIgE binding to canned fish proteins. The canned sardine contained proteins bound to sIgE from 51% of patients, followed by canned salmon (43%–45%) and tuna (8%–17%). PV was the major allergen in canned salmon and sardine. Tropomyosin and/or collagen also showed sIgE binding.

Conclusion

We showed that canned fish products may not be safe for all fish‐allergic patients. Canned fish products should only be considered into the diet of individuals with fish allergy, after detailed evaluation which may include in vitro diagnostics to various heat‐stable fish allergens and food challenge conducted in suitable environments.
Orofacial clefts: Reflections on prenatal diagnosis and family history based on a series of cases of a tertiary children hospital
Authors: Moreira Tatiana , Dias Margarida , Von Hafe Madalena , Curval Ana Rita , Ramalho Carla , Maia Ana Maria , Moura Carla Pinto ,   Orofacial Cleft Team of University Hospital Center of São João, EPE
Published: August 2023

Prenatal diagnosis of orofacial clefts allows adequate counseling and planning for prenatal care and delivery. In 2001, two‐dimensional ultrasound screening became universally used in Portugal by government guidelines, and after 2007 more advanced ultrasound became available. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of family history in patients with orofacial clefts and analyze prenatal diagnosis in patients born before 2001, between 2001 and 2007 and after 2007. Retrospective analysis of a cohort of patients with orofacial clefts followed by the trans‐disciplinary team of a tertiary hospital. A total of 672 OFCs were identified: 40.9% isolated cleft palate, 38.1% cleft lip and palate, 19.7% cleft lip and 1.3% atypical cleft; 57.1% were male. The prevalence of family history was 26.0% of which 30.9% had a recognizable syndrome. Of those born before 2001, 13.7% had prenatal diagnosis; of those born between 2001 and 2007, 32.6% orofacial clefts were diagnosed in utero; and in children born after 2007, prenatal diagnosis increased to 47.1%. In our study, about one‐fourth of children had a positive family history. Since the implementation of universal ultrasound screening in Portugal, more orofacial clefts were identified in utero (42.5% vs. 13.7%; p < 0.05) and after the availability of advanced ultrasound, prenatal diagnosis increased to 47.1% (vs. 20.4% before 2007; p < 0.05). Of all orofacial clefts diagnosed prenatally, ultrasound revealed more accuracy for the diagnosis of cleft lip and palate (65.4%) and cleft lip (24.8%). Cleft palate is the most difficult to detect in utero (9.3%). Prenatal ultrasound screening in Portugal has technically evolved with consequent better diagnostic accuracy for the identification of orofacial clefts, allowing better parenteral counseling.