bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dalam Meningkatkan Kompetensi Pedagogik di SDN 1 Rantepao
Authors: Masuli Arlin Datu , Dewi Resnita , Fitriana Irna
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di SDN 1 Rantepao dan dampaknya terhadap peningkatan kompetensi pedagogik guru. Kurikulum Merdeka dirancang untuk memberikan fleksibilitas yang lebih besar dan menekankan keterlibatan aktif siswa serta kreativitas guru, namun penerapannya di lapangan masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, dengan data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka di SDN 1 Rantepao memberikan dampak positif, seperti peningkatan motivasi siswa dan kreativitas guru dalam merancang pembelajaran. Namun, kendala yang dihadapi meliputi pemahaman konsep kurikulum, beban kerja yang meningkat, keterbatasan infrastruktur, dan kurangnya keterlibatan orang tua. Untuk mengatasi kendala tersebut, sekolah telah menerapkan strategi seperti pelatihan rutin, penggunaan teknologi, dan kolaborasi melalui forum-forum diskusi. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa dengan dukungan yang tepat dan pelatihan berkelanjutan, Kurikulum Merdeka memiliki potensi untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan dan kompetensi pedagogik guru di SDN 1 Rantepao, meskipun masih memerlukan upaya yang konsisten dalam mengatasi berbagai tantangan yang ada.
Pengaruh Pengelolaan Kelas Terhadap Kreativitas Belajar Bahasa Indonesia Siswa Kelas VIII di SMPN 1 Rembon
Authors: Agustina Agustina , Baan Anastasia , Tanduk Rita
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh pengelolaan kelas terhadap kreativitas belajar siswa kelas VIII di SMPN 1 Rembon. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini yaitu: (1) mendeskripsikan pengaruh pengelolaan kelas terhadap kreatifitas belajar bahasa Indonesia pada siswa Kelas VIII di SMPN 1 Rembon, (2) mendeskripsikan strategi guru dalam pengelolaan kelas terhadap kreatifitas belajar bahasa Indonesia pada siswa Kelas VIII di SMPN 1 Rembon. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain eksperimen. Teknik pengumpulan data dari penelitian ini yaitu observasi, angket, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Pembahasan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lingkungan belajar yang teratur dan dikelola dengan baik dapat meningkatkan fokus dan keterlibatan siswa, yang pada akhirnya berdampak positif terhadap kreativitas mereka. Temuan ini konsisten dengan penelitian sebelumnya dan menegaskan pentingnya pengelolaan kelas yang efektif dalam proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pengelolaan kelas yang efektif memainkan peran penting dalam meningkatkan kreativitas belajar siswa. Oleh karena itu, guru disarankan untuk mengembangkan strategi pengelolaan kelas yang inovatif guna memaksimalkan potensi kreativitas siswa.
Peningkatan Minat Belajar Melalui Teks Fabel Berbasis Kurikulum Merdeka Siswa Kelas VII SMPN 1 Buntao’ Kabupaten Toraja Utara
Authors: Mambaya Orianti , Dewi Resnita , Gasong Dina
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mendeskripsikan cara meningkatkan minat belajar siswa kelas VII melalui pembelajaran teks fabel berbasis kurikulum merdeka di SMPN 1 Buntao’, (2) mendeskripsikan hasil belajar siswa kelas kelas VII melalui pembelajaran teks fabel berbasis kurikulum merdeka di SMPN 1 Buntao’. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu melalui angket, observasi, dan wawancara. Analisis data pada penelitian ini dilakukan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) Peningkatkan minat belajar siswa sangat ditentukan oleh metode atau pendekatan pembelajaran yang digunakan oleh guru. Penyampaian materi yang monoton akan membuat siswa merasa bosan dan tidak ada minat dalam belajar (2) Pembelajaran teks fabel berbasis Kurikulum Merdeka dapat meningkatkan minat belajar siswa karena kurikulum Merdeka menekankan pembelajaran yang berdiferensiasi. Guru berusaha mendesain model pembelajaran sesuai dengan karakter siswa, materi yang menyenangkan bagi siswa tanpa adanya paksaan belajar (3) Terjadi peningkatan minat belajar siswa kelas VII mulai dari Pra Siklus yang menunjukkan angka 22,9 dengan kategori minat belajar cukup. Pada siklus I terjadi peningkatan yaitu 24,13 sekalipun masih berada pada kategori minat belajar cukup kemudian peneliti melanjutkan pada siklus II sehingga rata-rata minat belajar siswa menunjukkan angka 28,76 dengan kategori minat belajar tinggi.
Optimalisasi Pemanfaatan Platform Merdeka Mengajar dalam Pengembangan Proses Belajar Mengajar Bahasa Indonesia: Studi Kasus SD Negeri 11 Nanggala
Authors: Banna Normiati , Dewi Resnita , Gasong Dina
Published: September 2024

Pandemi Covid-19 telah memicu tantangan besar dalam dunia pendidikan, termasuk di Indonesia, di mana pembelajaran jarak jauh (PJJ) menyebabkan penurunan kemampuan belajar atau learning loss. Sebagai respons, Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi meluncurkan Kurikulum Merdeka dan Platform Merdeka Mengajar (PMM) untuk memulihkan kualitas pendidikan. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi implementasi PMM di SD Negeri 11 Nanggala untuk mengidentifikasi kendala dan strategi optimalisasi penggunaannya. Dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa meskipun PMM menawarkan fitur interaktif dan penilaian adaptif, tantangan seperti koneksi internet yang tidak stabil dan kurangnya pelatihan teknis menghambat pemanfaatannya. Namun, dukungan infrastruktur teknologi, pelatihan berkelanjutan, dan kesiapan pendidik terbukti sebagai faktor pendukung utama. Untuk memaksimalkan manfaat PMM, perlu adanya perencanaan yang matang, penggunaan sumber daya digital yang efektif, dan dukungan terus-menerus bagi guru dan siswa.
Strategi Penanggulangan Faham Radikalisme dan Terorisme Melalui Resiliensi Pesantren di Lampung
Authors: Suslina Suslina , Tamim Rouf , Isti’ana Ais
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi strategi resiliensi yang diterapkan oleh pondok pesantren di Provinsi Lampung dalam menghadapi ancaman radikalisme dan terorisme. Pondok pesantren di Indonesia berperan penting sebagai lembaga pendidikan keagamaan yang mendidik karakter dan mengajarkan nilai-nilai keislaman yang moderat. Namun, tantangan signifikan muncul dengan adanya infiltrasi ideologi radikal ke dalam lingkungan pesantren. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus yang diterapkan pada tiga pondok pesantren di Lampung: Pondok Pesantren Terpadu Ushuluddin di Lampung Selatan, Pondok Pesantren Al-Hikmah di Bandar Lampung, dan Pondok Pesantren Muhammadiyah At-Tanwir di Metro. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif dengan wawancara mendalam dan observasi, penelitian ini mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi resiliensi pesantren dalam melawan radikalisme. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketiga pesantren ini memiliki pendekatan unik yang efektif dalam menangkal radikalisme melalui penguatan ajaran Islam moderat, pendidikan akhlak, dan penanaman nilai-nilai kebangsaan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kolaborasi antara pemerintah, pesantren, dan masyarakat sangat diperlukan untuk menjaga stabilitas keamanan nasional dan menciptakan lingkungan pendidikan yang bebas dari radikalisme.
Analisis Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) Terhadap Materi Luas dan Keliling Persegi Panjang pada Siswa Kelas IVC di SDN Rejosari 01 Kota Semarang
Authors: Rahmawati Marisa Ailsa , Kartinah Kartinah , Agustini Ferina , Nurhayati Sri
Published: September 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui proses model Problem Based Learning (PBL) yang digunakan oleh guru kelas pada materi luas dan keliling persegi panjang kelas IVC SDN Rejosari 01 Kota Semarang. Metode yang digunakan oleh peneliti adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan lembar observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. 3 siswa kelas IVC SDN Rejosari 01 Kota Semarang terpilih sebagai subjek yang terdiri dari 1 siswa laki-laki dan 2 siswa perempuan. Berdasarkan temuan penelitian, Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) untuk materi luas dan keliling persegi panjang yang digunakan guru kelas di kelas IVC di SDN Rejosari 01 Kota Semarang sudah terlaksana dengan baik dan sudah menerapkan 5 fase pada sintaks Problem Based Learning (PBL). Umpan balik positif pada sikap siswa terhadap Problem Based Learning (PBL) telah mengarahkan peneliti pada kesimpulan bahwa siswa sudah mampu belajar dengan menggunakan model Problem Based Learning (PBL) ini. Ditinjau dari pemenuhan kriteria pelaksanaan langkah-langkah pembelajaran dan keterlibatan siswa dalam pemecahan masalah, model Problem Based Learning (PBL) terhadap materi luas dan keliling persegi panjang di SDN Rejosari 01 Kota Semarang pada siswa kelas IVC dinilai baik dan berhasil.
Distribusi Sufiks {–IZE}, {–IFY}, {–ATE} dan {–EN} dalam Pembentukan Kata Kerja dalam Bahasa Inggris
Authors: Huda Masrul
Published: September 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui distribusi sufiks pembentuk kata kerja dalam Bahasa Inggris yaitu {–ize}, {–ify}, {–ate} dan {–en} .Sufiks ini dipilih dikarenakan frekuensi pembentukan kata kerja yang berasal dari kelas kata yang berbeda intens terjadi. Metode Penelitian menggunakan diskriptif dengan mendaftar kata kerja bentukan dari Kamus Oxford Dictionary yang selanjutnya dilakukan pemilahan kata kerja bentukan yang berasal dari 4 sufiks tersebut dan dlakukan analisis untuk melihat kata dasar dari kata kerja bentukan yang telah mengalami proses derivasional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sufiks {–ize}, {–ify}, {–ate} dan {–en} melekat pada kata benda dan kata sifat untuk membentuk kata kerja dalam Bahasa Inggris.
Peran Sesi Ice-Breaking terhadap Fokus dan Minat Belajar Anak-anak Panti Asuhan GAPPI Filadelfia
Authors: Putra Muhamad Zhabiyan Dwi , Aklani Syaeful Anas , Zoin Shania , Salsabilah Anisah , Haslim Sartika Dewi , Regina Alya , Yasa Irma Sefina , Susanti Aida , Renata Doreen , Puspitasari Divanaka , Aliefazlea Qanaya Dherryl , Wijaya Kelvin , Rosario Rakit Ricardo , Sihombing Angelika Putri , Sherlyn Sherlyn , Lubis Nywara Natriyasmara , Irawan Calvianthieno , Chadric Felix , Jesslyn Jesslyn
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini merupakan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang bertujuan untuk memberikan kontribusi moral dan pendidikan serta mencari tahu peranan Ice-Breaking dalam proses fokus dan minat belajar anak-anak di Panti Asuhan GAPPI Filadelfia. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan pemberian materi disambung dengan Ice-Breaking 1 dilanjutkan dengan pemberian hadiah, diakhiri dengan materi penutup. Tidak lupa peneliti juga mewawancarai anak-anak panti asuhan dengan maksud menanyakan perihal pemahaman materi yang dijelaskan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan Ice-Breaking merupakan langkah efektif dalam proses pembelajaran anak-anak tersebut, anak-anak dapat lebih fokus, cepat tangkap akan materi yang telah diberikan, serta meningkatkan minat anak-anak untuk menyimak materi yang akan diberikan pasca Ice-Breaking.
Analisis hubungan Kreativitas dan Aktivitas Belajar terhadap Hasil Belajar Geografi Fase F di SMAN 2 Tebo
Authors: Indrayanti Naning , Suryani Ade Irma , Febriani Trina
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh masih banyaknya peserta didik yang kurang aktif untuk mencari informasi sendiri dari sumber lain, kemudian peserta didik cenderung hanya duduk, mendengarkan dan mencatat apa yang disampaikan oleh guru dan peserta didik yang aktif mengemukakan pendapat hanya beberapa anak saja.. Jenis Penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif korelasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh peserta didik Fase F Sosial SMAN 2 Tebo yang berjumlah 108 peserta didik. Sampel penelitian diambil menggunakan teknik proposional random sampling sehingga didapatkan 36 peserta didik. Data dikumpulkan dengan kuesioner dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisis inferensial. Berdasarkan data hasil penelitian dan pembahasan yang telah diuraikan, maka diperoleh hasil bahwa: (1) Hubungan kreativitas terhadap hasil belajar geografi Fase F di SMAN 2 Tebo berdasarkan hasil pengujian hipotesis diketahui bahwa kreativitas berpengaruh signifikan terhadap hasil belajar geografi dibuktikan dengan hasil penelitian yang menyatakan bawa nilai  sebesar 4,851 > 2,032. (2) Hubungan aktivitas belajar terhadap hasil belajar geografi Fase F di SMAN 2 Tebo berdasarkan hasil pengujian hipotesis diketahui bahwa aktivitas berpengaruh signifikan terhadap hasil belajar geografi dibuktikan dengan hasil penelitian yang menyatakan bahwa nilai  sebesar -10,437 >  sebesar 2,032. (3) Hubungan kreativitas dan aktivitas belajar secara bersama-sama terhadap hasil belajar geografi Fase F di SMAN 2 Tebo berdasarkan hasil pengujian hipotesis diketahui bahwa kreativitas dan aktivitas belajar berpengaruh signifikan terhadap hasil belajar geografi dibuktikan dengan hasil penelitian yang menyatakan bawa nilai didapatkan hasil nilai  yang dihasilkan sebesar 56,282 > 3,28 .
Penanaman Karakter Komunikatif dan Tanggung Jawab dalam Kegiatan Ekstrakurikuler Pramuka di SMP Negeri 45 Mukomuko
Authors: Delta Septika , Asril Asril , Juliardi Budi
Published: September 2024

Penelitan ini dilatarbelakangi oleh permasalahan karakter siswa yang dinilai cukup baik, namun belum optimal penanamannya, terutama pada karakter komunikatif dan tanggung jawab. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mendeskripsikan penanaman karakter komunikatif dan tanggung jawab dalam kegiatan ekstrakurikuler pramuka di SMP Negeri 45 Mukomuko dan mendeskripsikan faktor pendukung dan penghambat penanaman karakter komunikatif dan tanggung jawab dalam kegiatan ekstrakurikuler pramuka di SMP Negeri 45 Mukomuko. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan metode diskriptif, informan penelitian ialah kepala sekolah, wakil kesiswaan, pembina pramuka dan siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan, yaitu teknik observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumentasi. Pengolahan data  dengan analisis data dengan langkah reduksi data, display data, dan penarikan kesimpulan/verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Penanaman karakter komunikatif dan tanggung jawab dalam kegiatan ekstrakurikuler pramuka di SMP Negeri 45 Mukomuko sudah diterapkan dengan sebaik mungkin disekolah. Meskipun masih terdapat beberapa dari siswa yang melanggar akan karakter tersebut. Solusi dari pihak sekolah dan pembina pramuka dalam menanggulangi permasalahan karakter komunikatif dan tanggung jawab yaitu dengan memberikan arahan dan juga sanksi berupa hukuman kepada siswa yang melanggar. Adapun faktor pendukung ialah adanya kerjasama dan juga dukungan dari berbagai pihak yaitu kepala sekolah, pembina pramuka, guru-guru, staf pegawai, orang tua, masyarakat dalam membimbing dan memberikan arahan kepada siswa serta semangat dari siswa yang begitu besar. Sedangkan faktor penghambat yaitu cuaca buruk, pola asuh dan lingkungan serta siswa yang tidak bersemangat mengikuti kegiatan ekstrakurikuler pramuka. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah penanaman kakter komunikatif dan tanggung jawab dalam kegiatan ekstrakurikuler pramuka di SMP Negeri 45 Mukomuko sudah diterapkan dengan sebaik mungkin disekolah. Meskipun masih terdapat siswa yang melanggar akan karakter tersebut. Adapun solusi dari pihak sekolah dan pembina pramuka yaitu dengan memberi arahan dan juga sanksi berupa hukuman kepada siswa yang melanggar. Adapun faktor pendukung adanya kerja sama pihak sekolah dan diluar sekolah serta semangat siswa yang begitu besar sedangkan faktor penghambat yaitu cuaca buruk, pola asuh dan siswa yang tidak bersemangat mengikuti kegiatan ekstrakurikuler pramuka.
A Comparative Analysis of Procrastination Among University Students: AI Class LMS Users vs. Offline Learners
Authors: Adiyansah Nurdin
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi perbedaan tingkat prokrastinasi di kalangan mahasiswa yang menggunakan platform pembelajaran digital AI Class dibandingkan dengan mahasiswa yang mengikuti perkuliahan secara offline. Studi ini dilatarbelakangi oleh meningkatnya penggunaan platform pembelajaran daring yang memungkinkan fleksibilitas dalam proses belajar, namun juga berpotensi meningkatkan perilaku prokrastinasi. Penelitian ini melibatkan 154 mahasiswa, dengan 80 mahasiswa yang menggunakan platform AI Class di Universitas Insan Cita Indonesia (UICI) dan 72 mahasiswa yang mengikuti perkuliahan secara offline dari berbagai kampus di Indonesia. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan Pure Procrastination Scale dan dianalisis menggunakan Independent Sample T-test untuk membandingkan tingkat prokrastinasi antara kedua kelompok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan dalam tingkat prokrastinasi antara mahasiswa yang menggunakan AI Class dan yang mengikuti perkuliahan offline (p > 0,05). Meskipun demikian, variasi dalam tingkat prokrastinasi lebih besar di kalangan pengguna AI Class, menunjukkan adanya keragaman perilaku prokrastinasi yang lebih tinggi. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa meskipun penggunaan platform digital AI Class tidak secara signifikan mempengaruhi tingkat prokrastinasi, perbedaan individu dalam adaptasi terhadap pembelajaran daring tetap memerlukan perhatian lebih lanjut.
Tamwil Bi Al-Murabahah di Lembaga Keuangan Syariah: Analisis Fatwa No.84/DSN-MUI/XII/2012, PSAK 102,105 dan Pedoman OJK
Authors: Junaidi Anwar
Published: September 2024

Pengakuan Keuntungan Tamwil bi al-Murabaha atau Pembiayaan murabahah adalah transaksi jual beli barang dengan menetapkan harga perolehan dan margin keuntungan yang disepakati oleh penjual dan pembeli. Dalam pelaksanaannya, metode pengakuan keuntungan yang digunakan mengacu pada Fatwa No. 84/DSN-MUI/XII/2012 dan PSAK No. 102 dan 105 dan pedoman OJK tahun 2023 tentang Murabahah. Perbankan Syariah dan Lembaga Keuangan Syariah menerapkan dua metode yang berbeda namun memiliki konsep yang sama, yaitu metode Proporsional dan metode Anuitas. Metode Proporsional lebih mengacu pada PSAK No.102, sementara metode Anuitas lebih mengacu pada fatwa DSN-MUI.
Pola Konsumsi, Menabung, dan Investasi Pekerja Tambang Bersuku Jawa di Kalimantan: Studi Etnografi Konstruksi Realitas Finansial
Authors: Prasasti Ferdania , Heikal Jerry
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini mengkaji bagaimana kearifan lokal Jawa pada filosofi "alon-alon waton kelakon" membentuk realitas finansial dan perilaku ekonomi para pekerja tambang bersuku Jawa di Kalimantan. Dengan pendekatan etnografi, penelitian ini menggali bagaimana nilai-nilai budaya Jawa berinteraksi dengan dinamika industri pertambangan yang sarat risiko dan peluang finansial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa filosofi "alon-alon waton kelakon" yang menekankan kehati-hatian, kecermatan, dan perencanaan jangka panjang, tercermin dalam pola konsumsi, menabung, dan investasi para pekerja tambang Jawa. Mereka cenderung memprioritaskan kebutuhan keluarga, mengalokasikan pendapatan untuk tabungan dan investasi, serta menghindari perilaku konsumtif yang impulsif. Kearifan lokal ini terbukti menjadi panduan berharga dalam mengelola keuangan di tengah ketidakpastian stabilitas pekerjaan di industri pertambangan, yang memungkinkan mereka membangun ketahanan finansial dan mencapai tujuan kesejahteraan jangka panjang. Temuan ini memberikan wawasan berharga tentang bagaimana kearifan lokal dapat berperan dalam membentuk perilaku ekonomi individu, serta memberikan implikasi praktis bagi program pendidikan literasi dan pemberdayaan finansial yang lebih efektif.
Pengaruh Laba Bersih, Ukuran Perusahaan dan Kebijakan Dividen terhadap Harga Saham: Studi pada Perusahaan LQ45 yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2018 - 2022
Authors: Masyaili Masyaili , Bindarto Bindarto , Widati Sri , Pagala Izharuddin , Yunila Yunila
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis besarnya Pengaruh Laba Bersih, Ukuran Perusahaan dan Kebijakan Dividen terhadap Harga Saham ( Studi pada Perusahaan LQ45 yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia) periode 2018 – 2022 Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh perusahaan yang tergabung dalam Indeks LQ45 periode 2018 – 2022 yang berjumlah 45 perusahaan, tehnik penarikan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan kriteria tertentu sehingga sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 23 perusahaan.. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi data panel dengan menggunakan aplikasi eviews. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel Laba Bersih tidak berpengaruh terhadap harga saham, Ukuran Perusahaan berpengaruh terhadap harga saham dan Kebijakan Dividen berpengaruh terhadap harga saham.
The Behavioral and Social Sciences Need Open LLMs
Authors: Wulff Dirk U. , Hussain Zak , Mata Rui
Published: September 2024

Large Language Models (LLMs) are advancing research across various disciplines. As applications in the behavioral and social sciences largely favor closed, proprietary models, we call for the increased adoption of powerful open LLMs, offering practical and ethical advantages.
Clinical Psychology and Health: Evaluating the Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Treating Depression
Authors: Khalil Ayesha
Published: September 2024

This study examines the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in reducing symptoms of depression among adults. Using a randomized controlled trial with 100 participants diagnosed with major depressive disorder, we assessed the impact of a 12-week CBT program. Results indicated significant improvements in depressive symptoms compared to a control group receiving standard care. These findings support the efficacy of CBT as a treatment for depression, highlighting its importance in clinical psychology and health.
Momentary assessment of parent and child emotion regulation to inform the design of a new emotion-focused parenting app
Authors: Berkowitz Tomer S , Westrupp Elizabeth , Toumbourou John , Evans Subhadra , Fuller-Tyszkiewicz Matthew
Published: September 2024

Parenting programs show strong evidence for improving parent and child mental health, however, their population reach has been extremely low. Online ecological momentary interventions have been shown to benefit reach in adult mental and public health contexts, but have not yet been tested in parenting programs. The current study sought to inform the development of an emotion-focused parenting program designed to provide in-the-moment parenting support. Australian parents of children aged 2-4 years (N=89, mean age 36) were recruited online and completed a baseline questionnaire, followed by a 1-minute survey five times per day over a 7-day period. Of 19 ecological momentary assessment items tested, results showed that six items best measured in-the-moment parent and child negative affect and emotion dysregulation based on five purpose-defined criteria: sensitivity, relevance, alignment, frequency, and validity. These items were used to identify parenting situations and times of day associated with heightened parent and child negative affect and emotion dysregulation. Findings showed an overall response rate of 81%, with participant engagement highest at 7:30am and 7:30pm. Parent/child dysregulation was heightened during evenings and parenting situations elicited differing levels of dysregulation in children and parents. The study provides novel data that will inform how best to develop a parenting program that provides parents and children with flexible in-the-moment parenting support.
Spatial navigation strategy in older adults: Preference or ability?
Authors: Barnas Adam J. , Kunath Jeffrey , Perez Eliany , Boogaart Zachary , Bowers Dawn , Ebner Natalie C. , Weisberg Steven Marc
Published: September 2024

Spatial navigation strategies change in aging. Whereas younger adults use more shortcuts (place-based strategies), older adults use more familiar routes (response-based strategies). Does this bias in older adults reflect a preference for familiar routes or deficits in the ability to take shortcuts? We tested this question by providing an instructions-based intervention in which participants were told to take shortcuts rather than follow a learned route. We predicted that when instructed to do so, participants would increase shortcut taking overall, but older adults to a lesser extent than younger adults, supporting the notion that preference, rather than an inability to use place-based strategies, underlies the predilection for response-based strategies in older age. Younger (n = 64) and older (n = 65) adults completed two sessions of a desktop virtual navigation strategy task in which they could navigate to goal locations following a familiar route or taking a novel shortcut. In the first session, all participants received the instruction to navigate to goal locations. In the second session, half received the same instruction as before and the other half was instructed to take shortcuts. We computed participants’ tendency toward place- or response-based strategies in each session. We replicated the finding that younger adults took more shortcuts when instructed; however, counter to our prediction, the instruction manipulation had no effect in older adults. These findings suggest that navigation strategy in younger adults is flexible and may reflect preference whereas older adults more rigidly adhere to familiar routes, implying impaired or degraded survey knowledge.
Psychological Predictors of Socioeconomic Resilience Amidst the Covid-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Machine Learning
Authors: Sheetal Abhishek , Ma Anyi , Infurna Frank J
Published: September 2024

What predicts cross-country differences in the recovery of socioeconomic activity from the Covid-19 pandemic? To answer this question, we examined how quickly countries’ socioeconomic activity bounced back to normalcy from disruptions caused by the Covid-19 pandemic based on residents’ attitudes, values, and beliefs as measured in the World Values Survey (WVS). We trained nine pre-registered machine learning models to predict the rate at which various socioeconomic metrics (e.g., public transportation occupancy, cinema attendance) recovered from their Covid-19 lows based on the WVS. All models had high predictive accuracy when presented with out-of-sample data (r’s >=.83). Feature importance analyses identified five psychological predictors that most strongly predicted socioeconomic recovery from Covid-19: religiosity, liberal social attitudes, the value of independence, obedience to authority, and the Protestant work ethic. Although past research has established the role of religiosity, liberalism, and independence in predicting resilience, it has not yet considered obedience to authority or the Protestant work ethic. Thus, the current research suggests new directions for future work on resilience that may not be apparent from either a deductive or an inductive approach.
Attention Allocation for Dysphoric Information in Adults with Depression Symptoms Using Eye-tracking and Mouse-tracking
Authors: McNamara Mary Eileen , Shumake Jason , Beevers Christopher G
Published: September 2024

Biased attention for dysphoric stimuli is thought to maintain depression, but poor measurement has limited prior tests of this hypothesis. The current study examined the association between biased attention for dysphoric information and depression using a novel free viewing attention bias task combined with measuring line of visual gaze via eye tracking or a behavioral proxy for line of visual gaze via mouse tracking in three samples of college students using in-person eye-tracking (Sample 1, N = 129) and remotely collected mouse-tracking (Sample 2, N = 79; Sample 3, N = 154). Mixed effects regression analyses revealed that depression severity was significantly associated with greater attention for dysphoric stimuli in Samples 1 and 2, but not Sample 3. Results suggest that depression severity is associated with attention for dysphoric information (although findings from Sample 3 temper this conclusion) and that eye- and mouse-tracking may be good options for measuring attention bias in depression. Additional work using longitudinal research designs seems warranted to further examine the relationship between attention bias for dysphoric information and the maintenance of depression.
Emotional Contagion and Public Risk Perception in Crisis Events on Social Media: Insights from the Chinese Context during COVID-19
Authors: Wu Yuhang , Cong Yingnan , Zhang Han , Wang Hao , Hu Ping
Published: September 2024

Crisis events elicit emotional contagion and influence public risk perception, bringing out the societal response to emergencies. This study investigates emotional contagion and public risk perception on social media platforms during crisis events within the Chinese context. We analyze approximately 21 million unique COVID-19-related Sina Weibo posts from January 1st, 2020, to May 31st, 2020, utilizing the Weibo Five Basic Mood Lexicon and Simplified Chinese LIWC dictionary to calculate word frequency. Employing change-point detection and ANOVAs, we explore the temporal and spatial characteristics of emotional changes and public risk perception. Our findings reveal significant emotional shifts during the early stages of the pandemic, consistent with heightened perceived risk levels. Moreover, the emotional impact and risk perception of the epidemic reveal temporal consistency and independence from geographical location. Cultural disparities may contribute to the divergent findings between China and the Western context. This study underscores the significance of context-specific insights and offers implications for risk communication, public engagement, and policymaking in future crises.
Rethinking dosage: errors made during training do not have an impact on immediate post-training gains
Authors: Shaul-Tsoran1 Inbar , Dulberg Tal , Kafri Michal , Hesseg Rinatia , Ovadia-Caro Smadar
Published: September 2024

We learn new motor skills through repetitive training. While incorrect attempts are inherent to any training, particularly in ecological settings, their impact on learning gains is rarely investigated. Here, we examine the role of correct and incorrect attempts made during training on gains using a bimanual motor sequence learning task performed on an unfamiliar musical instrument. We define three dosage groups based on the number of correct repetitions during training and let errors naturally occur at the individual level. We show that the number of correct iterations is positively related to post-training performance gains. In contrast, although the number of incorrect iterations varied across participants and constituted a fair portion of the total training, it made no impact on gains. Our results suggest that during training, correct, but not incorrect iterations, dictate gains. Dosage should be therefore defined based on correct iterations and not merely repetitions irrespective of their content.
Loneliness is not associated with attention interference of negative social information: evidence from four studies
Authors: Restrepo Anita
Published: September 2024

Extended experiences of loneliness, defined as perceived social isolation, are associated with lasting impacts on health outcomes. One proposed mechanism through which loneliness contributes to health risk is heightened vigilance to cues of social threat resulting in extended activation of stress responses systems. This heightened vigilance is thought to be driven by loneliness-related shifts in a variety of cognitive and affective processes, though the differential effects of loneliness on specific stages of processing remain unclear. The present study examined four datasets using individual participant data meta-analytical techniques to test the link between loneliness and attention interference to social threat cues in an Emotional Stroop task. Despite existing theoretical frameworks predicting heightened attentional interference for negative social information in lonely individuals, we found no support for this effect across the four samples. These findings highlight the need for further work delving into the complex interplay between distinct perceptual processes associated with loneliness and how they contribute to the maintenance of loneliness states over time.
A national roadmap for improving the building quality of Australian housing stock
Authors: Daniel Lyrian , Lang Michaela , Barlow Cynthia , Phibbs Peter , Baker Emma , Hamilton Ian
Published: September 2024

Housing that is in poor physical condition has direct negative health impacts for occupants, is more expensive to run and reduces Australia’s ability to mitigate and adapt to climate change. This research investigates what is needed to lift the quality of Australian housing to align with international standards so as to address problems associated with aged and ill-performing housing stock in both the owned and rented sectors.The research explores different strategies for improving housing through voluntary programs and mandatory legislation, and found:a national strategy to improve residential building quality should be developedmandatory disclosure of dwelling energy performance could improve how markets consider the performance of houses offered for sale or lease more appropriate accounting methods of the benefits provided by improved housing standards are needed.To improve the building quality of Australian housing stock, it is important to investigate how and why governments make policy about the quality of Australian housing stock. Change is difficult because of both the challenges of getting government attention and pressure from strong property industry lobbyists, but it is not impossible. One of the sharp lessons from the case studies is that having research evidence is not enough; change needs key elements such as building a convincing narrative to tell a plausible story of a social problem (including coverage of the evidence in the popular media) together with a ‘coalition of support’.A national strategy to improve residential building quality should be developed and include the following regulatory mechanisms: improved performance standards for new houses; mandatory disclosure of dwelling energy performance; and minimum housing standards for the rental sector.
Surveying blind and visually impaired people about the accessibility and usability of urban parks in Hungary
Authors: Csomós György , Farkas Jenő Zsolt
Published: September 2024

For the programming period of 2021–2027, the European Union (EU) encourages and supports cities and towns across the community to take action to enlarge their green infrastructure and develop and improve urban green spaces. As the provision of equal opportunities is a horizontal principle of the EU, the needs of vulnerable and disabled people are crucial to consider in developments. Using survey data from 102 respondents in Hungary, this paper explores and assesses blind and visually impaired people’s perceptions of urban green spaces and factors that support or hinder them from accessing and using the park.
Trends in Parent Carer Blame: Patterns of service for children with a disability or mental illness referred to children’s social care.
Authors: Bilson Andy
Published: September 2024

This study analyses data from the Annual Children in Need Census (2015-2023) obtained via Freedom of Information requests to examine whether there has been a shift towards a more investigative approach in handling cases involving children with disabilities or mental health concerns in England. The results show a 77.1% increase in assessments identifying these concerns, now comprising a quarter of all assessments. For children with disabilities or mental health concerns, Section 47 investigations surged by 145.2%, compared to a 45.4% rise for children without these factors. Simultaneously, the proportion of children whose primary need was classified as "disability or illness" dropped by 17.4%, indicating a declining focus on addressing their specific needs. The study echoes concerns from parent-led groups and prior research, suggesting that social care services are increasingly treating families of disabled children as potential risks rather than focusing on their needs, fostering "parent carer blame." This trend, rooted in a risk-averse social work culture, highlights the need to reconsider current assessment practices, which may be intrusive and harmful to families seeking support. The findings call for a re-evaluation of social care policies to better address the needs of disabled children without defaulting to investigative procedures.
Urgent need for better quality control, standards and regulation for the Large Language Models used in healthcare domain
Authors: Sathian Brijesh , van Teijlingen Edwin , Do Nascimento Israel Junior Borges , Kabir Russel , Banerjee Indrajit , Simkhada Padam , Al Hamad Hanadi
Published: September 2024

Current methodologies for ensuring AI technology safety and efficacy may be adequate for earlier AI iterations predating generative artificial intelligence (GAI). However, governing clinical GAI may necessitate the development of novel regulatory frameworks. As AI technology advances, researchers, academic institutions, funding bodies, and publishers should continue to examine its impact on scientific inquiry and revise their understanding, ethical guidelines, and regulations accordingly.
Preliminary findings from the Delirium and Population Health Informatics Cohort (DELPHIC) – Qatar Study
Authors: Al Hamad Hanadi , Chandran Mani , Manikoth Pravija Talapan , Davis Daniel , Sathian Brijesh
Published: September 2024

The DELPHIC-Qatar cohort study enrolled a total of 638 participants aged 70 years and above, with 277 males and 361 females from 10th March 2021 to 30th June 2024. The sex-wise distribution of risk and outcomes revealed significant findings. Among the participants, 47.8% were classified as high risk, with a higher proportion of females (50.7%) than males (44.0%). Conversely, 34.6% of the cohort was categorized as low-risk, with 36.5% of men and 33.2% of women. Delirium was observed in 17.6% of the total cohort, with a slightly higher incidence in males (19.5%) than in females (16.1%). Mortality rates were comparable between the sexes, with 23.8% in males and 23.0% in females, resulting in an overall mortality rate of 23.4% in the cohort.
राजा ज्ञानेन्द्रका दुई कार्यकाल र मिडिया कभरेज
Authors: नेपाल Nepal जगत Jagat , काफ्ले Kafle डोलराज Dolraj , खतिवडा Khatiwada माहाप्रसाद Mahaprasad
Published: September 2024

Available with Fulltext.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) Sederhana untuk Siswa SMA Islam Nurul Fikri
Authors: Yulia Fayza , Pradanawati Sylvia Ayu , Hastuty Sri , Kadarno Purwo , Rahmawan Yudi , Fachmi Yose , Jaya Arie Sukma , Riyandwita Byan Wahyu , Widiyati Khusnun , Barrinaya Muhammad Akbar , Ramadhani Adhitya Ryan , Muharram Farid
Published: September 2024

Energi baru terbarukan berkembang pesat seiring dengan peningkatan pemberdayaan energi baru terbarukan. Sebagai salah satu upaya pemenuhan 100% elektrifikasi di Indonesia, berbagai jenis sumber daya baru terbarukan dikelola untuk menghasilkan listrik. Di Indonesia, potensi energi matahari sangat besar. Solar panel, ke depannya menjadi salah satu alat konversi energi yang banyak dikembangkan di Indonesia. Solar panel generasi ketiga yang sedang banyak dikembangkan adalah Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) di mana menggunakan pewarna alami sebagai dye. SMA Nurul Fikri, Depok dipilih karena pengembangan metode konstruktif pengalaman belajar yang diadopsi pada kurikulum mereka. Dari hasil pelatihan, 100% peserta mampu membuat DSSC sederhana. Selain itu, telah terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan yang ditunjukkan dengan peningkatan persentase jumlah siswa yang mengetahui proses DSSC berdasarkan hasil pre-test dan post-test.
EXPERIENCE OF USING MESH IMPLANTS FOR SURGICAL CORRECTION OF ANTERIOR PELVIC ORGAN PROLAPSE IN GYNECOLOGY
Authors:   Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology – Branch of the Federal Research Center “Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS”, Novosibirsk, Russia, Rakitin F.А. , Nimaev V.V. ,   Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology – Branch of the Federal Research Center “Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS”, Novosibirsk, Russia, Soluyanov М.Yu. ,   Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology – Branch of the Federal Research Center “Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS”, Novosibirsk, Russia, Volchek А.V. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia, Kucherenko S.G. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia, Aidagulova S.V. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia, Marinkin I.О. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Anterior pelvic organ prolapse (APОP) in women is widespread and significantly reduces quality of life. One of the methods of surgical treatment is reinforcing the pelvic floor using synthetic materials. Despite the long experience of using mesh implants, intraoperative and other complications have been noted. Aim of the research. To analyze the long-term results of surgical treatment of the anterior segment of the APОP using mesh implants and evaluate the frequency of intraoperative, functional and specific surgical complications. Materials and methods. The results of surgical treatment of 600 patients (62.5 (56.0; 67.5) years) with APОP of the 3–4th degree, operated on using mesh implants via vaginal access over 11 years from 2012 to 2022 were studied. Statistical analysis was carried out with χ2. Results. Over an 11-year experience with the use of mesh implants, intraoperative complications occurred in 18 patients (3%); over the past 5 years – in 1.65% of women (relative to 242). The number of specific (mesh-associated) complications due to the mesh implant use, was 26 (4.33%) cases; over the past 5 years – 5 (2.07%); of these, erosion of the mucous membrane – 13 and 1 in number, respectively. Functional complications caused by severe postoperative edema occurred in 8 (1.33%); over the past 5 years – in 2 (0.83%) women. In APOP patients operated for the first time and repeatedly, no statistically significant differences in the number and nature of complications were identified. Conclusion. The use of synthetic implants in the surgical correction of severe defects in the APОP is the operation of choice, which, with the accumulation of surgical experience, is characterized by a decrease in the incidence of complications.
Morphological evaluation of the E-cadherin expression in cardiomyocytes of the donor heart at different terms of cold myocardial ischemia
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia, Kliver V.E. ,   Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Novosibirsk, Russia, Nadeev A.P. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia, Fomichev A.V. ,   Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Novosibirsk, Russia, Sirota D.A. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia; Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Novosibirsk, Russia, Kliver E.E. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia; Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Novosibirsk, Russia, Volkov A.M. ,   Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Novosibirsk, Russia, Zhulkov M.O. ,   Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Novosibirsk, Russia
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Heart transplantation is currently the mainstay of treatment for the end-stage chronic heart failure patients. To date, there is no consensus on the time criteria for cold ischemia of the donor heart. Despite a large number of studies, the question about the level of damage of cardiomyocyte cytoskeleton proteins at different terms of cold ischemia remains unresolved; there is no clear time limit of acceptable preservation time and corresponding pathomorphological data on the state of their structure at ischemic and reperfusion damage. Aim. An analysis of pathomorphological characteristics of cardiomyocytes and the expression of E-cadherin, protein from the family of cell adhesion molecules in the myocardium of the donor heart at different terms of cold ischemia. Materials and methods. Intraoperative biopsies of the myocardium of the left atrial appendage of donors aged up to 60 years after cold ischemia with Custodiol solution duration up to 240 min (group 1, n = 10) and over 240 min (group 2, n = 7) were used. Histological sections of the myocardium were stained according to the standard procedure with hematoxylin and eosin. Their further study was carried out by light microscopy, and to assess the E-cadherin expression immunohistochemistry was used. Results. The assessment of cardiomyocyte pathomorphology under conditions of different duration of myocardial cold ischemia revealed homogeneity and reversibility of changes in cellular structures, steady-state expression of the cell adhesion protein, E-cadherin at the sites of intercalated discs in patients of both groups. Conclusion. The results showed that the activity of E-cadherin under cold myocardial ischemia with Custodiol solution for 240 min and over 240 min remains in steady-state, indicating the preservation its macromolecular structure and functional polarity of myocardial muscle cells.
Factors related to sleep quality among community-dwelling Russian older people in the Far East. The role of alcohol as a risk factor: a cross-sectional study
Authors:   University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan, von Fingerhut G. ,   National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan, Okamoto N. ,   University of Shiga Prefecture, Shiga, Japan, Araki A. ,   Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Oita, Japan, Kuznetsov V.V. ,   Pacific State Medical University, Vladivostok, Russia, Lebedev S.V. ,   Pacific State Medical University, Vladivostok, Russia, Ding J. ,   University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan, Makarov K.Yu. ,   Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Russia has a significant elderly population, with 14.2% aged 65 years or older, however, little research has focused on this group. Russia has seen a rapid increase in low life expectancy, coupled with high alcohol consumption and its associated health effects. Alcohol is known to promote sleep disorders among the elderly, and its relationship with sleep disturbance is a significant factor in assessing the quality of life of the elderly. However, the specific relationships between pure alcohol (PA) consumption and sleep among Russian community-dwelling older people remain unknown. Aim. To clarify factors related to sleep quality of older Russian people in the Far East, focusing on PA consumption. Materials and methods. In this cross-sectional study, 348 Russian community-dwelling older people with their basic attributes, health status, self-reported drinking habits, Short-Form Health Survey-8 (SF-8), Geriatric Depression Scale, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were analyzed. The participants were divided into two groups (PSQI <6=0, ≥6=1) and compared using the t test, the χ2 test, and logistic regression analysis. Results. Sleep disorders in women were associated with longer daily nap time (odds ratio (OR) = 2.713; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.136–6.480) and sedative medicine intake (OR = 0.201; 95% CI: 0.070–0.576). In men, sleep disorders were associated with the physical component summary (PCS) (OR = 0.925; 95% CI: 0.891–0.960), longer daily nap time (OR = 2.260; 95% CI: 1.214–4.205), sedative medicine intake (OR = 0.327; 95% CI: 0.174–0.619), and PA intake (OR = 1.030; 95% CI:1.007–1.054). Conclusion. Excessive PA consumption can be a factor for decreased sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, and decreased PCS score in men. In women, sedative medicine intake was associated with longer daily nap times, leading to decreased sleep quality. Accumulation of data on PA intake of the Russian elderly population and the recommendation of appropriate moderate consumption based on regional and physiological criteria are important topics for future studies.