bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peetre's theorem in the locally convex setting
Authors: Dahmen Rafael
Published: January 2014

The classical theorem of Peetre characterizes linear partial differential operators. We generalize this result for operators between spaces of Cr
-functions defined on a finite dimensional domain with values in infinite dimensional locally convex vector spaces. We also give a variant of the theorem for continuous functions on infinite dimensional metrizable domains.
Humility and Generosity: On the Horizontality of Divine Givenness
Authors: Dahl Espen
Published: January 2014

Husserl’s notion of horizon plays a decisive role in his phenomenological analysis of perception. It is nevertheless striking that prominent philosophers of the “theological turn” in phenomenology, such as Levinas and Marion, attach no religious significance to the phenomenological horizon; on the contrary, they tend to regard the horizon as an obstacle to the experience of the religious. This article argues, however, that if divinity is somehow implied in the proximity of things (the things’ inner horizons) and yet stretches out to the most remote (the outer horizon), horizontality neatly captures the divine givenness. Far from imposing restrictions on experience, the horizon opens the possibility for meaningful experience in the first place; and far from being closed in on itself, the horizon remains inherently open to revision and change. Moreover, the horizon unfolds according to a double movement of what can be called its humility and its generosity: it withdraws from the actual presence of intentional objects (humility) in order for such objects to emerge (generosity). Arguably, revelation does not cancel the non-objective givenness of the horizon, but reveals the divine horizontality by enacting its double movement: Christ is driven out of the world (humility) in order to save it (generosity).
Low Temperature Fabrication and Surface Modification Methods for Fused Silica Micro- and Nanochannels
Authors: Pennathur Sumita , Crisalli Pete
Published: January 2014

Electrokinetic based micro- and nanofluidic technologies provide revolutionary opportunities to separate, identify and analyze biomolecular species. Key to fully harnessing the power of such systems is the development of a robust method for integrated electrodes as well as a thorough understanding of the influence of the electrokinetic surface properties with and without different surface modifications. In this work, we demonstrate a surface micromachined fabrication approach for integrated addressable metal electrodes within centimeter-long nanofluidic channels using a low-temperature, xenon diflouride dry-release method for novel biosensing applications, as well as recent results from a joint theoretical and experimental study of electrokinetic surface properties in nano- and microfluidic channels fabricated with fused silica. The main contribution of this fabrication process involves the addition of addressable electrodes to a novel dry-release channel fabrication method, produced at <300°C, to be used in nanofluidic electronic sensing of biomolecules. Finally, we also show a novel method with which to coat our channels with silane based chemistries. Certain modifications are observed to show improved resistance to non-specific adhesion of both small molecules and proteins, indicating their further use as compatible surfaces in micro- and nanofluidic applications.
A Study of Facial Pattern in Patients with Fanconi Anemia
Authors: De Castro Ávila Lucia Fátima , Martins Wilson Denis , Cândido Lisiane , Ignácio Sergio Aparecido , Bonfim Carmen Maria S. , De Oliveira Ribas Marina
Published: January 2014

Objective

This study is aimed to evaluate craniofacial features in patients with Fanconi anemia (FA) through cephalometric analysis and to classify the facial growth pattern to observe possible facial discrepancies.

Design

This is a cross-sectional study which employed a quantitative approach to compare linear and angular measurements of cephalometric analysis in lateral teleradiographic images of a clinical type sample of patients with FA. A retrospective cephalometric study was performed using cephalometric analyses of Ricketts and Steiner; growth patterns according to Ricketts' vertical growth pattern (VERT index) were also analyzed.

Patients

Fifty patients diagnosed with FA who were undergoing anti-aplasia treatment at the outpatient Hematology service at the Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil were included in the study.

Interventions

The patients were evaluated in the School of Dentistry of the Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil. Exclusion criteria included patients who had used or were using growth hormone medication, had undergone bone marrow transplant, or had been previously subjected to dental treatment.

Main Outcome Measures

Cephalometric points were plotted in order to set up linear and angular cephalometric measurements. Angular and linear measurements from 17 factors proposed by Ricketts' cephalometric analysis were assessed.

Results

Dolicofacial appearance was observed in 52% of individuals; braquifacial in 28%, and mesofacial in 20%. Significant maxillary/mandibular discrepancy was observed. It was concluded that upon anteroposterior evaluation of facial bone structures, the FA sample presented smaller median measurements in most variables evaluated; it also presented mandibular micrognathism and mainly dolicofacial vertical growth pattern. These findings, together with other features such as skin pigmentation and microphthalmia, may lead to a possible recognition of a FA condition from a patient's facial features.
Conference Report: Community Health Centers and Vulnerable Workers
Authors: Robbins Anthony
Published: January 2014

A one-day conference in Washington brought together leaders of community health centers and worker advocates to discuss collaboration. They agreed that health centers could help protect vulnerable workers. They agreed on use of electronic medical records; access to workers compensation; Medical-Legal Partnerships; better understanding of work settings in their communities; and educating clinicians on work and jobs.
The Regional Medical Business Process Optimization Based on Cloud Computing Medical Resources Sharing Environment
Authors: Xi A. Bei , Qin B. Qiuli , Huang C. Lei
Published: January 2014

The paper elaborates some basic concepts, for example, cloud computing, medical resources sharing, business process optimization, and then points out the problems in the development process of regional health informatization. However, there are many good characteristics and advantages in cloud computing. If cloud computing can be used in the construction of regional health informatization, the problems like insufficient medical resources sharing, paying fees several times, repeated checkup, long hospitalization period, can be efficiently solved. So we put forward cloud computing service mode and research the architecture of regional medical collaborative cloud computing platform. It can realize medical resources sharing. We have a further study about business process optimization based on cloud computing medical resources sharing environment and find out that it can reduce repeated checkup, shorten hospitalization period, and so on.
Synergic Relationship and Synergic Degree between an Information System and Corporate Strategy
Authors: Xiang Xie , Zhongliang Guan , Xiaoliang Wang , Jiashi Liu
Published: January 2014

With the development of information technology, the Information System (IS) has not the characters of rareness and inimitability, so an IS cannot form core competence alone. Forming synergic relationship and keeping higher synergic degree between IS and corporate strategy will help the enterprises acquire competence advantage and realize IS value. This paper analyzes the conditions of forming synergic relationship between an IS and strategy, and points out that the key factors for a synergic degree are the strategy rationality and the matching degree between the IS and strategy. Based on the analysis result and BCG growth share matrix, this paper constructed a synergy degree measure model to evaluate the synergic relationship between the IS and corporate strategy. Finally, a case study is used to verify the feasibility of the model.
The body composition and enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism of Varroa destructor
Authors: Łopieńska–Biernat Elżbieta , Dmitryjuk Małgorzata , Zaobidna Ewa , Lipiński Zbigniew , Żółtowska Krystyna
Published: January 2014

The aim of the present research was to determine the basic composition of the organic compounds present in extracts from Varroa destructor, a parasitic mite of the honeybee. The total protein content was 9.16 ± 0.82 mg/100 mg of body weight, lipid content was 9.81 ± 1.99 mg/100 mg, and carbohydrate content was 26.67 ± 4.52 mg/100 mg. The triacylglycerol content was 2.40 ± 0.86 mg/100 mg and the cholesterol content was 0.14 ± 0.02 mg/100 mg. Thin layer chromatography indicated that phospholipids comprised the major part of the lipid component; cephalins (78%), cerebrosides (16%), and lecithins (6%) were identified in the phospholipid pool. Glucose (23.6 ± 4.52 mg/100 mg) was the main carbohydrate, followed by glycogen (5.43 ± 1.23 mg/100 mg) and trehalose (0.35 ± 0.07 mg/100 mg). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays detected two major glycogen metabolism enzymes, glycogen phosphorylase and glycogen synthase. Among the enzymes metabolising disaccharides, maltase (24.7 ± 2.38 μmol/mg protein) and trehalase (14.81 ± 5.21 μmol/mg protein) presented the highest activity. Saccharose and lactose were hydrolysed to a minor extent. These are the first measurements of the basic composition of the mite body. Although these data are not exhaustive, they may serve as the basis for further research on the metabolism of V. destructor, particularly concerning lipid metabolism.
Effects of exposure of honey bee colonies to neonicotinoid seed–treated maize crops
Authors: Pohorecka Krystyna , Skubida Piotr , Semkiw Piotr , Miszczak Artur , Teper Dariusz , Sikorski Piotr , Zagibajło Katarzyna , Skubida Marta , Zdańska Dagmara , Bober Andrzej
Published: January 2014

The effects to honeybee colonies (Apis mellifera L.) during and after exposure to flowering maize (Zea mays L.), grown from seeds coated with clothianidin and imidacloprid was assessed in field-realistic conditions. The experimental maize crops were adjacent to the other flowering agriculture plants. Honey bee colonies were placed in three differently protected maize fields throughout the blooming period, and thereafter they were transferred to a stationary apiary. Samples of pollen loads, bee bread, and adult bees were collected and analyzed for neonicotinoid residues. To ensure high specificity and sensitivity of detection of the analyzed pesticides, a modified QuEChERS extraction method and liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry were used. Clothianidin was detected only in the samples of pollen loads. Their residue levels ranged from 10.0 to 41.0 ng/g (average 27.0 ng/g). Imidacloprid was found in no investigated sample. No negative effects of neonicotinoid seed-treated maize on the development and long-term survival of honey bee colonies were observed. The low proportion of Zea mays pollen in total bee-collected pollen during the maize flowering period was noted. The findings suggest that maize plants are less attractive forage for honey bees than phacelia (Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth.), buckwheat (Fagopyrum Mill.), white clover (Trifolium repens L.), goldenrod (Solidago L.), and vegetation from Brassicaceae family.

The results indicate a possibility of reducing the risk of bees being exposed to the toxic effect of insecticidal dusts dispersed during maize sowing by seeding, in the areas surrounding maize crops, plants that bloom later in the year.
CEREAL MIXTURES – AN EFFECTIVE WEED MANAGEMENT TOOL
Authors: Kaczmarek Sylwia , Matysiak Kinga , Adamczewski Kazimierz
Published: January 2014

Field experiments carried out in the 2005-2007 time period were aimed at assessing the use of competitive potential against weeds of spring cereals cultivated in mixtures, for the purpose of reducing the herbicide application selected for the research. In the experiments, a mixture of the active substances, florasulam + 2,4 D (Mustang 306 SE), was applied at a recommended dose (0.5 l/ha) and then at a reduced dose (0.3 l/ha). The research objects were the spring wheat cultivar Bryza, spring barley cultivar Antek, and oat cultivar Cwał. The cereals were grown in two-species mixtures, and in pure sowing. The effect of a decreased herbicide dose was compared to the effect of the recommended dose, and the control. The research included two-time analysis of crop weed infestation (weed species composition, number, and fresh weight of weeds), determination of the number of productive culms, number of grains per ear (panicle), the thousand grain weight, and grain yield of spring cereals. The obtained results confirmed that spring cereals cultivated in mixtures had a higher competitive potential against weeds in comparison with individual species which were pure sowed. The use of the reduced herbicide dose proved to be effective in weed control and ensured a significant increase in grain yields of spring cereals. The applied herbicide doses did not affect grain number per ear and the thousand grain weight.
Proteomic analysis of effects by x-rays and heavy ion in HeLa cells
Authors: Bing Zhitong , Yang Guanghui , Zhang Yanan , Wang Fengling , Ye Caiyong , Sun Jintu , Zhou Guangming , Yang Lei
Published: January 2014

Background. Carbon ion therapy may be better against cancer than the effects of a photon beam. To investigate a biological advantage of carbon ion beam over X-rays, the radioresistant cell line HeLa cells were used. Radiationinduced changes in the biological processes were investigated post-irradiation at 1 h by a clinically relevant radiation dose (2 Gy X-ray and 2 Gy carbon beam). The differential expression proteins were collected for analysing biological effects.

Materials and methods. The radioresistant cell line Hela cells were used. In our study, the stable isotope labelling with amino acids (SILAC) method coupled with 2D-LC-LTQ Orbitrap mass spectrometry was applied to identity and quantify the differentially expressed proteins after irradiation. The Western blotting experiment was used to validate the data.

Results. A total of 123 and 155 significantly changed proteins were evaluated with treatment of 2 Gy carbon and X-rays after radiation 1 h, respectively. These deregulated proteins were found to be mainly involved in several kinds of metabolism processes through Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis. The two groups perform different response to different types of irradiation.

Conclusions. The radioresistance of the cancer cells treated with 2 Gy X-rays irradiation may be largely due to glycolysis enhancement, while the greater killing effect of 2 Gy carbon may be due to unchanged glycolysis and decreased amino acid metabolism.
THE PROBLEM OF LANGUAGE IN THE PROCEDURE FOR GRANTING REFUGEE STATUS
Authors: Perkowska Magdalena , Jurgielewicz Emilia
Published: January 2014

Refugees constitute one of the most serious international problems that the world faces today. The problem of guarantee of access to a language that is understood by the applicant in the procedure for granting refugee status, presented in this paper, is strongly associated with this matter. Due to the fact that this is an issue which affects a considerable number of states, both interna- tional and domestic regulations concerning the granting of refugee status were selected for examination in the present paper. The provisions of the Convention relating to the Status of Refugees, the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, as well as of the Act of 13 June 2003 on granting protection to foreigners within the territory of the Republic of Poland were considered. The paper focuses on an analysis of the guarantee to make provision for communication in an understandable language, which does not create a barrier for the person applying for refugee status while communicating with administrative agencies that are decisive in granting the aforementioned status.
Steam drum level control studies of a natural circulation multi loop reactor
Authors: Kumar R. , Contractor A. D. , Srivastava A. , Lele H. G. , Vaze K. K.
Published: January 2014

The proposed heavy water moderated and light water cooled pressure tube type boiling water reactor works on natural circulation at all power levels. It has parallel inter-connected loops with 452 boiling channels in the main heat transport system configuration. These multiple (four) interconnected loops influence the steam drum level control adversely through the common reactor inlet header. Alternate design studies made earlier for efficient control of SD levels have shown favorable results. This has lead to explore further the present scheme with the compartmentalization of CRIH into four compartments catering to four loops separately. The conventional 3-element level control has been found to be working satisfactorily. The interconnections between ECCS header and inlet header compartments have also increased the safety margin for various LOCA and design basis events. The paper deals with the SD level control aspects for this novel MHT configuration which has been analyzed for various PIEs (Postulated Initiating Events) and found to be satisfactory.
Gender Legacies of Jung and Freud as Epistemology in Emergent Feminist Research on Late Motherhood
Authors: Barone-Chapman Maryann
Published: January 2014

While conducting doctoral research in social science on late motherhood, two analytical engagements with the feminine came to my attention as evidence of a patriarchal bias toward the realm of womanhood. Jung’s mythopoetic tension between symbolism and enactments with the feminine and Freud’s supposition that a denial of the feminine was necessary for psychological and emotional development appeared to be perpetuating a social problem continuing in current times. Across affective behavior and narrative within stories of late procreative desire, dream journals and Word Association Tests of eight participants was the memory of a male sibling who had enjoyed primacy of place in the parental home over the daughter. The female body with a voice was missing in the one-sided perspectives of Analytical Psychology and Psychoanalysis on the subject of the feminine, until a whole view of psyche’s discontents in Feminist inspired Psychoanalytic theories from both schools on the female body were included. Freud and Jung’s views became evidence of patriarchy as background while extension of Feminist inspired psychoanalytical thinking, Queer theories and Creation Myth allowed new meanings of the embodied feminine to emerge through a recapitulation of a union of opposites as a union of epistemology and ethos. The essence of Jung’s mid-life theories, altered by modernity and eclipsed by female advancement, remains replicatable and paradigmatic outside of essentialist gender performance.
Reliability of Sensors Based on Nanowire Networks When the Electrical Current is Allowed to Move in All Directions
Authors: Ebrahimi Nader , McCullough Kristin
Published: January 2014

Nanowire networks have great potential in many industrial applications, including batteries, electrical circuits, solar cells, and sensors. In this paper we focus on a specific hydrogen gas nanosensor whose sensing element is a network of palladium nanowires. The nanosensor is modeled using a square, equilateral triangle, and hexagonal lattice. We provide the reliability behavior of this nanosensor when the electrical current is allowed to move in all directions. Our findings reveal an improvement in reliability compared to the scenario where the electrical current could not move from right to left. We show this improvement both analytically and through simulation.
Synthesis and Crystal Structures of 1,1′-Methylene-bis(imidazolidine-2,4-dione) and Alkali Metal Salts
Authors: Salchner Robert , Kahlenberg Volker , Lackner Roman , Wurst Klaus , Braun Doris , Laus Gerhard , Schottenberger Herwig
Published: January 2014

Single-crystal structures of 1,1′-methylenebis(imidazolidine-2,4-dione) and its sodium and dipotassium salts were determined. Powder X-ray diffraction was also employed to characterize the bulk materials and those phases which did not yield single-crystals. These compounds are of interest for intumescent coatings.
An Improved MLVF Method and Its Comparison with Traditional MLVF, spa Typing, MLST/SCCmec and PFGE for the Typing of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Du Xue-Fei , Xiao Meng , Liang Hong-Yan , Sun Zhe , Jiang Yue-Hong , Chen Guo-Yu , Meng Xiao-Yu , Zou Gui-Ling , Zhang Li , Liu Ya-Li , Zhang Hui , Sun Hong-Li , Jiang Xiao-Feng , Xu Ying-Chun
Published: January 2014

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become an important nosocomial pathogen, causing considerable morbidity and mortality. During the last 20 years, a variety of genotyping methods have been introduced for screening the prevalence of MRSA. In this study, we developed and evaluated an improved approach capillary gel electrophoresis based multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat fingerprinting (CGE/MLVF) for rapid MRSA typing. A total of 42 well-characterized strains and 116 non-repetitive clinical MRSA isolates collected from six hospitals in northeast China between 2009 and 2010 were tested. The results obtained by CGE/MLVF against clinical isolates were compared with traditional MLVF, spa typing, Multilocus sequence typing/ staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (MLST/SCCmec) and pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The discriminatory power estimated by Simpson’s index of diversity was 0.855 (28 types), 0.855 (28 patterns), 0.623 (11 types), 0.517 (8 types) and 0.854 (28 patterns) for CGE/MLVF, traditional MLVF, spa typing, MLST/SCCmec and PFGE, respectively. All methods tested showed a satisfied concordance in clonal complex level calculated by adjusted Rand’s coefficient. CGE/MLVF showed better reproducibility and accuracy than traditional MLVF and PFGE methods. In addition, the CGE/MLVF has potential to produce portable results. In conclusion, CGE/MLVF is a rapid and easy to use MRSA typing method with lower cost, good reproducibility and high discriminatory power for monitoring the outbreak and clonal spread of MRSA isolates.
Increased Exosomal MicroRNA-21 and MicroRNA-146a Levels in the Cervicovaginal Lavage Specimens of Patients with Cervical Cancer
Authors: Liu Jie , Sun Hong , Wang Xiaoli , Yu Qun , Li Shuhong , Yu Xiaoyan , Gong Wenwen
Published: January 2014

Well-run screening programs for cervical cancer in the population at risk have been shown to result in a sharp decrease in the incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in a number of large populations. Expression patterns of a recently identified biomarker family, microRNA, appear to be characteristic of tumor type and developmental origin. Several tumors have been reported to actively release exosomes carrying microRNAs. The present study has determined the association of microRNAs with cervical cancer-derived exosomes. The cervical cancer-derived exosomes were enriched in the cervicovaginal lavages specimens and the abundance of exosomes and exosomal microRNAs was detected by electron microscopy, western blot analysis, RT-qPCR and microRNA target reporter vector. The microRNA-21 and microRNA-146a, which were up-regulated in cervical cancer patients, were associated with the high levels of cervical cancer-derived exosomes. In conclusion, we demonstrated the abundance of exosomes in the cervicovaginal lavage specimens of women with cervical cancer. Furthermore, our results indicated that abnormally high levels of microRNA-21 and microRNA-146a existed in the cervical cancer-derived exosomes and the two microRNAs were functional in 293T cells.
Microstructural Evolution and Dynamic Softening Mechanisms of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloy during Hot Compressive Deformation
Authors: Shi Cangji , Lai Jing , Chen X.-Grant
Published: January 2014

The hot deformation behavior and microstructural evolution of an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu (7150) alloy was studied during hot compression at various temperatures (300 to 450 °C) and strain rates (0.001 to 10 s−1). A decline ratio map of flow stresses was proposed and divided into five deformation domains, in which the flow stress behavior was correlated with different microstructures and dynamic softening mechanisms. The results reveal that the dynamic recovery is the sole softening mechanism at temperatures of 300 to 400 °C with various strain rates and at temperatures of 400 to 450 °C with strain rates between 1 and 10 s−1. The level of dynamic recovery increases with increasing temperature and with decreasing strain rate. At the high deformation temperature of 450 °C with strain rates of 0.001 to 0.1 s−1, a partially recrystallized microstructure was observed, and the dynamic recrystallization (DRX) provided an alternative softening mechanism. Two kinds of DRX might operate at the high temperature, in which discontinuous dynamic recrystallization was involved at higher strain rates and continuous dynamic recrystallization was implied at lower strain rates.
Greenhouse Gas Emissions and the Australian Diet—Comparing Dietary Recommendations with Average Intakes
Authors: Hendrie Gilly , Ridoutt Brad , Wiedmann Thomas , Noakes Manny
Published: January 2014

Nutrition guidelines now consider the environmental impact of food choices as well as maintaining health. In Australia there is insufficient data quantifying the environmental impact of diets, limiting our ability to make evidence-based recommendations. This paper used an environmentally extended input-output model of the economy to estimate greenhouse gas emissions (GHGe) for different food sectors. These data were augmented with food intake estimates from the 1995 Australian National Nutrition Survey. The GHGe of the average Australian diet was 14.5 kg carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2e) per person per day. The recommended dietary patterns in the Australian Dietary Guidelines are nutrient rich and have the lowest GHGe (~25% lower than the average diet). Food groups that made the greatest contribution to diet-related GHGe were red meat (8.0 kg CO2e per person per day) and energy-dense, nutrient poor “non-core” foods (3.9 kg CO2e). Non-core foods accounted for 27% of the diet-related emissions. A reduction in non-core foods and consuming the recommended serves of core foods are strategies which may achieve benefits for population health and the environment. These data will enable comparisons between changes in dietary intake and GHGe over time, and provide a reference point for diets which meet population nutrient requirements and have the lowest GHGe.
IDENTIFICATION OF THE MOST IMPORTANT FACTORS IN THE COMPACTION PROCESS
Authors: Amadore Antonio , Bosurgi Gaetano , Pellegrino Orazio
Published: January 2014

The compaction of a hot mix asphalt depends on a number of important factors whose control, during the execution of the pavement, is complex; however it is essential to achieve the results envisaged in the design with the least possible cost. Therefore, the evaluation of the effect of these variables on the material density is important as well as their quantification in real time. This research, starting from a survey of some environmental variables, together with the hot mix asphalt density using an electrical impedance device, through the application of a neuro-fuzzy technique, proposes a procedure to classify the most important features. These results can be rapidly deduced during the paving operations; calibrations required to correct the compaction can be applied on site without waiting further time necessary for the extraction of the cores and the subsequent laboratory analysis. In this way it is possible to identify with a better precision the aspects of the environmental context requiring more attention. In addition, the model permits the inclusion of new input variables and additional data that can be recorded in following phases.
INCORPORATION OF RUBBER-STEEL BEARING ISOLATION IN MULTI-STOREY MUILDING
Authors: Islam A. B. M. Saiful , Jumaat Mohd Zamin , Hussain Raja , Alam Md Ashraful
Published: January 2014

Base isolation incorporation has moved towards a popular technology in the seismic vulnerable regions. The system mitigates lateral action of tremor hazard providing flexibility of structures. Implementing base isolation on buildings in the soil and seismic condition of medium risk seismicity is currently an important issue. A thorough investigation is of burning need for buildings to be incorporated with base isolator and to carry out dynamic analysis. The study provides incorporation of rubber-steel bearings and focuses on the structural changes. Designs of base isolation bearings are performed along with structural viability check. Lead rubber bearing (LRB) and high damping rubber bearing (HDRB) have been inserted on the corresponding structural bases. In finite-element approach, link element simulates the bearing. Bi-linear hysteretic behaviour is presented for LRB and equivalent linear model simulated HDRB. Linear static, free vibration and dynamic frequency-domain analyses are performed for both isolated and non-isolated buildings under bidirectional site-specific earthquake. The study reveals that for multi-storey buildings, isolation can drastically reduce seismic responses. Furthermore, flexibility of buildings predicts some structural savings for reduced responses. Good agreement has been achieved through rapid solution in frequency-domain approach. In medium risk earthquake-prone area, rubber-steel bearing isolators can be beneficially inserted.
THE EFFECT OF CEMENT MODIFICATION ON THE RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF CEMENT PASTE
Authors: Janavičius Eugenijus , Daukšys Mindaugas , Skripkiūnas Gintautas , Nagrockienė Džigita , Daugėlienė Ala
Published: January 2014

Experimental tests have determined the effect of slag, opoka (silica-calcite sedimentary rock), silica fume (SiO2) suspension, dolomite dust and sodium silicate solution (NaSS) together with the polycarboxylatether based plasticizing admixture on the yield stress and viscosity of Portland cement paste the rheological properties of which have been defined applying a rotational viscometer with co-axial cylinders. The tests have revealed that slag, opoka, silica fume suspension and dolomite dust added to cement paste by replacing 10% of Portland cement (by weight) have an effect on the yield stress and viscosity of the paste subject to the form and fineness of additive particles. When 10wt% of Portland cement is replaced with slag cement, the yield stress of Portland cement paste reduces by about 25.9%, and viscosity increases by about 3.5 times compared with the yield stress and viscosity of reference cement paste. The yield stress of Portland cement paste with 0.5% NaSS admixture increases insignificantly, and viscosity grows approximately twice compared with reference cement paste. The tests have also showed that the modifying admixtures of Portland cement paste enable to control the rheological properties of cement paste.
Análisis metodológico de la relación entre envolvente y urbanización exterior en construcciones rurales para la mejora de la integración paisajística
Authors: Hernández J. , López-Casares S. , Montero M. J.
Published: January 2014

En este trabajo, el diseño de la envolvente exterior de las construcciones rurales es analizado con la finalidad de establecer unos criterios objetivos y científicos, sencillos de asumir desde el punto de vista técnico, para la mitigación del impacto visual producido en el paisaje. Para ello, se ha actuado sobre el diseño de la envolvente (colores, texturas), el vial de acceso y la vegetación circundante. Teniendo en cuenta estas variables, se han generado dieciséis casos, ocho de tipología residencial y ocho de tipología agropecuaria, siguiendo una metodología fácilmente aplicable y respetuosa con el territorio, tanto en los materiales propuestos como en la vegetación autóctona seleccionada. Las infografías simuladas han sido sometidas a encuesta pública, con unos resultados más que satisfactorios en cuanto a la mejora de la percepción de paramentos, cubiertas y vegetación exterior. El vial de acceso muestra una menor sensibilidad al método, por lo que puede ser objeto de estudios posteriores más pormenorizados.
Calidad de salas para música clásica
Authors: Cerdá S. , Segura J. , Giménez A. , Cibrián R.
Published: January 2014

Encontrar un parámetro que permita establecer si una sala es buena para la representación orquestada de música clásica, es uno de los intereses básicos de la acústica de salas. Sin embargo, habitualmente las salas se caracterizan por los valores promedio de algunos parámetros acústicos. A partir de los valores óptimos mayoritariamente reconocidos, los especialistas consideran adecuada o no una sala para un cierto uso. En trabajos recientes hemos obtenido un modelo que permite clasificar una sala con respecto a la representación de música clásica, a partir del tiempo de reverberación (T30), el factor de energía lateral (LFC) y el envolvimiento del oyente (LEV). Con este modelo podemos determinar los mapas de calidad para salas. En este trabajo presentamos los mapas de calidad de cinco salas. A partir de los resultados obtenidos podemos inferir las reglas básicas que definen un buen diseño acústico.
An Overview of Ergonomics Problems Related to CNC Machining Operations
Authors: Hafiz Mohd Zani , Isa Halim , Mohamed Muhammad Syafiq Syed
Published: January 2014

In the new era of advanced manufacturing technology, machine tool design plays an important role in maximizing productivity and occupational health of industrial workers. However, the machine tool manufacturers face difficulty in designing an ergonomic machine tool that can be suited to Malaysian industrial workers because almost all machine tools were designed according to physical dimensions, capabilities and limitations of European or American populations. This mismatch between machine design and worker abilities may eventually lead to occupational injuries. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to disseminate information on ergonomics problem, assessment methods, and control measures associated with CNC machining operation. Published articles related to CNC machining operation have been reviewed. Based on published researches, work-related musculoskeletal disorders such as low-back pain, neck and shoulder problem have been identified as common health problems associated with the machine operation. Engineering and administrative controls have been proposed to minimize the health problems.
Ergonomic Design of a Scrap Compactor for Small Scale Industries
Authors: Paul Bobby P. , Gnanaraj S. Darius , Chandran J.
Published: January 2014

Concept design of a scrap compactor is presented. Required data for the design of the scrap compactor, the hydraulic circuit, the compression ratio, force required for compression are collected from literature. The current practice of scarp removal and storage in a small scale industry is shown. The calculations for arriving at the force required for compaction is presented. The hydraulic circuit diagram and testing of the circuit in a pneumatic test bench are explained. Cost of the prototype and the break even period are discussed. Ergonomic principles and safety due to usage of scrap compactor are highlighted.
A Review of the NIOSH Lifting Equation and Ergonomics Analysis
Authors: Kamarudin Nor Hafeezah , Ahmad Siti Anom , Hassan Mohd. Khair , Mohd Yusuff Rosnah , Md Dawal Siti Zawiah
Published: January 2014

The revised NIOSH Lifting Equation developed in 1991 is an ergonomic intervention assessment tool that used to calculate the recommended weight limit (RWL) for lifting tasks and to identify the hazardous lifting tasks. But this equation application is limited to those conditions for which it was designed and the different populations have different anthropometric distributions. This research will propose a solution to determine the effect of different manual lifting tasks on biomechanical, physiological and psychophysical limitation and develop the new automatic system tool to calculate the ideal RWL for Malaysian people for the working tasks perform. This new system tool which design according to the criteria of Malaysian people can increase the safe working environment for the workers.
Ergonomics in Semiconductor Wafer Manufacturing
Authors: Foong Wai Yi , bin Hassan Amir Hamzah
Published: January 2014

In semiconductor wafer manufacturing, there are only a few processes but many steps. Each wafer must go through the processes multiple times (steps) and sometimes not in the same sequence. All the wafers in lot size of 25 pieces are transferred between the processes using an Automated Guided Vehicle from stocker to stocker. Then, the wafers are manually transferred to the processing tool. Although the tools are designed per SEMI S2/S8 standards [1,, the equipment technician can get into awkward postures when performing the preventive maintenance. Both the manual material handling between the tools and awkward postures during preventive maintenance can pose an ergonomic challenge. However, some techniques can be used to minimize the impact. This paper shares the techniques which can ease ergonomic problems in semiconductor wafer manufacturing
Effects of Lifting Height, Twist Angle and Load Mass on Psychophysical Experience, Muscle Activity and Heart Rate during Manual Lifting
Authors: Isa Halim , Rawaida Omar Noor , Seri Rahayu K. , Muhamad Syafiq M. , Mohd Shahrizan O. , Rohana A.
Published: January 2014

In industry, manual lifting still a prevalent choice even though mechanized and automated equipment are provided. Mismatch between workers' capability and lifting height, twist angle, and load mass in manual lifting can contribute to occupational injuries such as back pain. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of lifting height, twist angle, and load mass on psychophysical experience, muscle activity, and heart rate while performing manual lifting activities. Subjective method associated with Likert Scale was applied to assess the psychophysical experience. Meanwhile, surface Electromyography and heart rate monitor were utilized to measure the muscle activity and heart rate respectively. Main findings of this study show that the rating of psychophysical experience, muscle activity, and heart rate increased when the lifting height and load mass increased. This study concluded that the psychophysical experience and muscle activity were affected when the lifting height, twist angle, and load mass were set at maximum level.
A Review on Ergonomics Risk Factors and Health Effects Associated with Manual Materials Handling
Authors: Sultan Al Amin Mohamed , Nuradilah Z. , Isa Halim , Nor Akramin M. , Febrian Idral , Taufik Taufik
Published: January 2014

In the industrial workplaces, manual materials handling is a necessity for the workers. However, improper materials handling technique can contribute to occupational injuries. The objective of this paper is to provide information on ergonomics risk factors and health effects associated with manual materials handling. Ergonomics risk factors include awkward posture, excessive load, and extreme temperature has been identified as main contributors to poor occupational health in manual materials handling activities.
Investigation on Working Postures and Musculoskeletal Disorders among Office Workers in Putrajaya
Authors: Che Mansor Che Hazwani , Zakaria Safial Eqbal , Md Dawal Siti Zawiah
Published: January 2014

The cross-sectional study was conducted amongst thirty eight government supporting staff who mainly doing sedentary task in Malaysia Maritime Enforcement Affair Division (MMEAD) (49%) and Ministry of Health (MOH) (51%) in Putrajaya. The investigation aims to determine the association between working postures and musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) among office workers where all respondents were selected in 5 sections; administrative (64%), financial (12%), counter/assistant (12%), human resources management (6%) and procurement section (6%). Self-reported questionnaires using Nordic questionnaire were used in this investigation. Besides, posture analysis was done based on Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) and office ergonomics checklist adapted from Texas Department of Insurance, Division of Workers Compensation (2008) were used as the instrumentations of this investigation. Face validity and reliability testing for the questionnaire and intra tester reliability for the posture assessment was done to ensure true quality of the results and analysis. From the analysis, the highest prevalence of MSD complained is lower back pain (LBP) 57.9% while the lowest prevalence is elbow pain (EP) 2.6%. Result shows 31.6% of the respondents believe the pain is caused by working activities. Based on the ergonomics checklist, MMEAD shows the highest mean (64.84%) of non compliance, where all the workstations scored more than 50% compared with MOH. Based on RULA observation, most of the workstation scores in action level 3 (grand score 5-6). In conclusion, the high complained of MSD is due to awkward postures, unsuitable workstation and lack of knowledge related to the areas to apply in everyday routine and it shows that working postures have a direct contribution on MSD complained by the office workers in Putrajaya.
The Effect of Vibration on Muscle Activity and Grip Strength Using an Electric Drill
Authors: Widia Mirta , Md Dawal Siti Zawiah
Published: January 2014

The paper focused on the effects of vibration exposure on muscle activity and grip strength. The study was conducted on eighteen subjects, required to drill wood material using electric drill for 5 and 15 minutes. Electromyography (EMG), Vernier Labpro with 3 axis accelerometer and hand dynamometer were used in the experiment. The results showed that right extensor carpi radialis muscle had the highest percentage of Maximum Voluntary Contraction (MVC) with values of 21.8%MVC-23.5%MVC. The mean vibration level was 10.45 m/s2 (5 minutes) and 10.69 m/s2 (15 minutes). Drilling wood material for 15 minutes resulted in higher percentage MVC (7.79%), vibration levels (2.29%), and percentage decrease ratio (11.17%) than using 5 minutes for the extensor carpi radialis muscle. The findings of the study indicated that as the level of vibration and exposure duration increase the muscular activity and the percentage decrease ratio of grip strength would also increase.
Ergonomic Analysis of the Automotive Head-Up Displayed Information
Authors: Yeh Chung Kee , Fang Yei Po , Shih Kuang Yi , Jiang Maxwell
Published: January 2014

A vehicles head-up display (HUD) device enables the driver to obtain information, such as driving speed and engine conditions, to ensure safety while keeping the eyes focused on the front windshield. However, no complete and sufficient reference data are available regarding the extent of the drivers acceptability of the information displayed by such a device. Thus, this study aims to examine the drivers visual perception of the vehicular information pattern displayed by the HUD device and its influence on safe driving. The scope of this study includes the scope of the images displayed, quantity of information displayed, distribution and size of information, display brightness in different scenarios, suitable method of information display, correctness of interpretation, and so on. The researcher has built different scenarios for each item studied and analyzed the viewing effect through a questionnaire survey. A database can be built based on such data in the future. This database will contribute to the development of vehicles display systems and verification of similar future studies.
Validity and Reliability Testing on Train Driver Performance Model Using a PLS Approach
Authors: Azlis-Sani Jalil , Dawal Siti Zawiah Md. , Zakuan Norhayati
Published: January 2014

The purpose of this paper is to explain the assessment of validity and reliability of measured items used in survey research. The structural equation modeling techniques and Partial Least Square (PLS) will be adopted to assess the goodness of measures of constructs used in a model to examine the performance of the Malaysian train drivers. The measurement process involves assessment of construct validity of the items and followed by convergent validity. Then, the composite reliability was assessed with internal consistency measure of Cronbachs alpha. Lastly, discriminant validity was tested to assess the validity of the measurement. The constructs are not supposed to measure other constructs or overlapping constructs.
Alertness, Visual Comfort, Subjective Preference and Task Performance Assessment under Three Different Light's Colour Temperature among Office Workers
Authors: Shamsul Mohd Tamrin Bahri , Nur Sajidah S. , Ashok S.
Published: January 2014

Different CCT provided by different lighting are important in affecting human beings psychologically and physiologically, as well as visual and non-visual processes. This study aim in finding out the effects of warm white (WW) light (CCT=2700K), cool white (CW) light (CCT=4000K) and artificial Daylight (CCT=6200K) on workers alertness, visual comfort level, preferences and task performance. A repeated measure experimental study was conducted among 46 office workers under controlled environment. Alertness levels were measured by Karolinska Sleepiness Scale. Office Lighting Survey was used to evaluate visual comfort and preference. Typing speed and accuracy also were tested. Paired Sample T-Test was used and the results showed that there was significant reduction of subjective alertness level in WW light (p=0.001). In term of typing performances, subjects performed significantly better in term of typing speed under CW light and Daylight than WW light. Less typing errors were made under DL, followed by CW light. Meanwhile WW light lead to high typing errors. Besides, CW light is the most preferred whereas subjects feel most comfortable under Daylight. Subjects indicated that they can perform longer works in this coloured-lit environment. The CW light and DL light were more beneficial for office setting for computer-based task.
The Study on Electricity Price Linkage in the Market Including Energy Storage Station in Demand Side
Authors: Cui Qiang , Wang Xiao Fei , Wang Xiu Li
Published: January 2014

Based on the current electric power market, a real-time electricity price dynamic game linkage model is established. In this paper, three cases are considered for the simulation, and a real-time electricity price is formed through the dynamic game among various participants. The result of simulation shows that large-scale energy storage system set up on the demand side improve system character.
Keywords: Electric power market, Battery storage system, Real-time electricity price, Dynamic game
Near-Field Noise Prediction for Landing Gear Based on Detached Eddy Simulations
Authors: Hu Ning , Hao Xuan , Su Cheng , Zhang Wei Min , Ma Han Dong
Published: January 2014

A four-wheel rudimentary landing gear is studied numerically by detached eddy simulation (DES) based on the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model. The surface sound pressure level and sound pressure spectra are calculated using the obtained unsteady flow field. The investigation shows that DES can describe the steady and unsteady properties in the flow around rudimentary landing gear. It can give reasonable results since the flow around the landing gear is a massive separated flow. The results prove the feasibility of DES type methods in massive separated unsteady flow field and aerodynamic noise prediction for landing gear, and can be used in the study of landing gear noise reduction.