bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chapter IV: The Squire’s Death
Authors: Trollope Anthony
Published: December 2020

With a sore heart Isabel went her way to Hereford, —troubled because she saw nothing but sorrow and vexation in store for her uncle.

‘I know that I am getting weaker every day, ’ he said. And yet it was not long since...
Chapter X: Cousin Henry Dreams a Dream
Authors: Trollope Anthony
Published: December 2020

From what had passed with Mrs. Griffiths, it was clear to Cousin Henry that he must go out of the house and be seen about the place. The woman had been right in saying that his seclusion was mysterious. It was peculiarly imperative upon...
Chapter VI
Authors: Trollope Anthony
Published: December 2020

Miss
lovel, wise and strong-minded as she was, did not dare to come to any decision on the proposition made to her without consulting some one. Strong as she was, she found herself at once to be too weak to speak to her nephew...
Chapter IX
Authors: Trollope Anthony
Published: December 2020

On the next morning Lady Anna was ill, and would not leave her bed. When her mother spoke to her, she declared that her head ached wretchedly, and she could not be persuaded to dress herself.

‘Is it what I said to you last night?’...
Chapter XXXI
Authors: Trollope Anthony
Published: December 2020

On the Wednesday the court reassembled in all its judicial glory. There was the same crowd, the same Lord Chief Justice, the same jury, and the same array of friendly lawyers. There had been a rumour that a third retinue of lawyers would appear...
Chapter XXXIII
Authors: Trollope Anthony
Published: December 2020

There was of course much commotion among all circles of society in London as soon as it was known to have been decided that the Countess Lovel was the Countess Lovel, and that Lady Anna was the heiress of the late Earl. Bets were...
Chapter XI. Luke Rowan Takes his Tea Quite like a Steady Young Man
Authors: Trollope Anthony
Published: December 2020

It was the custom of the Miss Tappitts, during these long midsummer days, to start upon their evening walk at about seven o’clock, the hour for the family gathering round the tea-table being fixed at six. But, in accordance with the same custom, dinner...
Chapter I
Authors: Jerome Jerome K.
Published: December 2020

Three Invalids—Sufferings of George and Harris—A victim to one hundred and seven fatal maladies—Useful prescriptions—Cure for liver complaint in children—We agree that we are overworked, and need rest—A week on the rolling deep?...
Chapter X
Authors: Jerome Jerome K.
Published: December 2020

Our first night—Under canvas—An appeal for help—Contrariness of ‘tea-kettles, how to overcome—Supper—How to feel virtuous—Wanted! a comfortably-appointed, well-drained desert island, neighbourhood of South Pacific Ocean preferred—Funny thing that happened to George’s...
Chapter XVIII
Authors: Jerome Jerome K.
Published: December 2020

Locks—George and I are photographed—Wallingford—Dorchester—Abingdon—A family man—A good spot for drowning—A difficult bit of water—Demoralizing effect of river air.

We left Streatley early the next morning, and...
Chapter II
Authors: Jerome Jerome K.
Published: December 2020

A delicate business—What Ethelbertha might have said—What she did say—What Mrs Harris said—What we told George—We will start on Wednesday—George suggests the possibility of improving our minds—Harris and I are doubtful...
The Inn-Yard Of The Belle Etoile
Authors: Le Fanu Sheridan
Published: December 2020

The face was, indeed, one to fall in love with at first sight. Those sentiments that take such sudden possession of young men were now dominating my curiosity. My audacity faltered before her; and I felt that my presence in this room was probably an...
rights of man, &c. &c.
Authors: Paine Thomas
Published: December 2020

Among the incivilities by which nations or individuals provoke and irritate each other, Mr Burke’s pamphlet on the French Revolution is an extraordinary instance. Neither the People of France, nor the National Assembly, were troubling themselves about the affairs of England, or the English...
Dissertation on First Principles of Government
Authors: Paine Thomas
Published: December 2020

There is no subject more interesting to every man than the subject of government. His security, be he rich or poor, and, in a great measure, his prosperity, is connected therewith; it is, therefore, his interest, as well as his duty, to make...
Chapter III I was a Stranger, and Ye Took Me in
Authors: Schreiner Olive
Published: December 2020

As the two girls rounded the side of the ‘kopje,’ an unusual scene presented itself. A large group was gathered at the back door of the homestead.

On the door-step stood the Boer-woman, a hand on each hip, her face red and fiery, her head...
Showing the Feelings of Living Property on Changing Owners
Authors: Stowe Harriet Beecher
Published: December 2020

Mr. and Mrs. Shelby had retired to their apartment for the night. He was lounging in a large easy-chair, looking over some letters that had come in the afternoon mail, and she was standing before her mirror, brushing out the complicated braids and curls in...
Miss Ophelia’s Experiences and Opinions, Continued
Authors: Stowe Harriet Beecher
Published: December 2020

“Tom, you needn’t get me the horses. I don’t want to go,” she said. “Why not, Miss Eva?”

“These things sink into my heart, Tom,” said Eva,—“they sink into my heart,” she repeated, earnestly. “I don’t want to go;” and she turned from Tom, and...
Economy
Authors: Thoreau Henry David
Published: December 2020

I do not propose to write an ode to dejection,* but to brag as lustily as chanticleer* in the morning, standing on his roost, if only to wake my neighbors up.

When I wrote the following pages,* or rather the...
Solitude
Authors: Thoreau Henry David
Published: December 2020

this is a delicious evening, when the whole body is one sense, and imbibes delight through every pore. I go and come with a strange liberty in Nature, a part of herself. As I walk along the stony shore of the pond in my...
Little Women
Authors: Alcott Louisa May
Published: December 2020

Little Women has remained enduringly popular since its publication in 1868, becoming the inspiration for a whole genre of family stories. Set in a small New England community, it tells of the March family: Marmee looks after daughters in the absence of her husband, who is serving as an army chaplain in the Civil War, and Meg, Jo,Beth, and Amy experience domestic trials and triumphs as they attempt to supplement the family's small income. In the second part of the novel (sometimes known as Good Wives) the girls grow up and fall in love. The novel is highly autobiographical, and in Jo's character Alcott portrays a strong-minded and independent woman, determined to control her own destiny. The introduction to this edition provides a fascinating history of the Alcotts,and of Louisa Alcott's own struggles as a writer.
20 Confidential
Authors: May Alcott Louisa
Published: December 2020

I don’t think I have any words in which to tell the meeting of the mother and daughters; such hours are beautiful to live, but very hard to describe, so I will leave it to the imagination of my readers; merely saying that the house...
24 Gossip
Authors: May Alcott Louisa
Published: December 2020

In order that we may start afresh and go to Meg’s wedding with free minds, it will be well to begin with a little gossip about the Marches. And here let me premise, that if any of the elders think there is too much ‘lovering’...
Mary Barton
Authors: Gaskell Elizabeth
Published: December 2020

‘It's the masters as has wrought this woe; it's the masters as should pay for it.’ Set in Manchester in the 1840s - a period of industrial unrest and extreme deprivation - Mary Barton depicts the effects of economic and physical hardship upon the city's working-class community. Paralleling the novel's treatment of the relationship between masters and men, the suffering of the poor, and the workmen's angry response, is the story of Mary herself: a factory-worker's daughter who attracts the attentions of the mill-owner's son, she becomes caught up in the violence of class conflict when a brutal murder forces her to confront her true feelings and allegiances. Mary Barton was praised by contemporary critics for its vivid realism, its convincing characters and its deep sympathy with the poor, and it still has the power to engage and move readers today. This edition reproduces the last edition of the novel supervised by Elizabeth Gaskell and includes her husband's two lectures on the Lancashire dialect.
Pot Luck (Pot-Bouille)
Authors: Zola Émile
Published: December 2020

This new translation of Zola's most acerbic social satire captures the directness and robustness of Zola's language and restores the omissions of earlier abridged versions.
Selected Writings
Authors: Ruskin John
Published: December 2020

‘To be taught to write or to speak - but what is the use of speaking, if you have nothing to say? To be taught to think - nay, what is the use of being able to think, if you have nothing to think of? But to be taught to see is to gain word and thought at once, and both true.’ Ruskin was the most powerful and influential critic of the nineteenth century. He wrote about nature, art, architecture, politics, history, myth, and much besides; all his work is characterized by a clarity of vision as unsettling and intense now as it was for his first readers. This new selection draws on the whole range of his astonishingly varied output, from the passionate celebration of J. M. W. Turner’s painting in the first volume of Modern Painters (1843) to Praeterita (1885–9), the elegiac autobiography of his later years. The introduction outlines Ruskin’s life and thought, and shows why he remains such a rewarding writer today.
A Tale of a Tub and Other Works
Authors: Swift Jonathan
Published: December 2020

A Tale of a Tub is the masterpiece of Swift’s earlier years. It is presented here with The Battle of the Books, The Mechanical Operation of the Spirit, and the Additions.
Martin Chuzzlewit
Authors: Dickens Charles
Published: December 2020

This edition of one of Dickens's earlier novels is based on the accurate Clarendon edition of the text and includes the prefaces to the 1850 and 1867 editions and Dickens's Number Plans.
Corinne
Authors: Staël Madame de , Isbell John
Published: December 2020

‘Look at her, she is the image of our beautiful Italy.’ Corinne, or Italy (1807) is both the story of a love affair between Oswald, Lord Nelvil and a beautiful poetess, and an homage to the landscape, literature and art of Italy. On arriving in Italy, Oswald immediately falls under Corinne’s magical spell as she is crowned a national genius at the Captitol. Yet, on returning to England, he succumbs to convention and honours his late father’s wish by marrying the dutiful English girl, Lucile, despite having learned that Corinne is Lucile’s Italian half-sister. Corinne dies of a broken heart and Lord Nelvil is left with a seared conscience. Staël weaves discreet French Revolutionary political allusion and allegory into her romance, and its publication saw her order of exile renewed by Napoleon. Indeed, the novel stands as the birth of modern nationalism, and introduces to French usage the word ‘nationalitié’. It is also one of the first works to put a woman’s creativity centre stage. Sylvia Raphael’s new translation preserves the natural character of the French original and the edition is complemented by notes and and introduction which serve to set an extraordinary work of European Romanticism in its historical and political contexts.
The Complete Stalky & Co
Authors: Kipling Rudyard
Published: December 2020

Kipling portrays school as the first stage of a much larger game, a pattern-maker for the experiences of life. Implied throughout the stories is the question ‘What happened to these fifteen-year-old boys, and how did the lessons they learned at school apply to the world of warfare and imperial government?’ The stories are based on Kipling’s own school, the United Services College at Westward Ho! in Devon, which prepared boys destined for the army or for colonial service; Kipling himself appears as the subordinate character, Beetle. This edition includes five Stalky stories which did not appear in the original volume, and thus constitutes a Complete Stalky & Co.
Selected Tales
Authors: Grimm Jacob and Wilhelm
Published: December 2020

‘Once upon a time in mid-winter, when the snowflakes were falling from the sky like down, a queen was sitting and sewing at a window ...’The tales gathered by the Grimm brothers are at once familiar, fantastic, homely, and frightening. They seem to belong to no time, or to some distant feudal age of fairytale imagining. Grand palaces, humble cottages, and the forest full of menace are their settings; and they are peopled by kings and princesses, witches and robbers, millers and golden birds, stepmothers and talking frogs. Regarded from their inception both as uncosy nursery stories and as raw material for the folklorist the tales were in fact compositions, collected from literate tellers and shaped into a distinctive kind of literature. This translation mirrors the apparent artlessness of the Grimms, and fully represents the range of less well-known fables, morality tales, and comic stories as well as the classic tales. It takes the stories back to their roots in German Romanticism and includes variant stories and tales that were deemed unsuitable for children. In her fascinating introduction, Joyce Crick explores their origins, and their literary evolution at the hands of the Grimms.‘
The Case-Book of Sherlock Holmes
Authors: Doyle Arthur Conan
Published: December 2020

In The Case-Book of Sherlock Holmes we read the last twelve stories Conan Doyle was to write about Holmes and Watson. They reflect the disillusioned world of the 1920s in which they were written, and he can be seen to take advantage of new, more open conventions in fiction. Suicide as a murder weapon and homosexual incest are some of the psychological tragedies whose consequences are unravelled by the mind of Holmes before the eyes of Watson. That said, the collection also includes some of the best turns of wit in the series, and indeed in the whole of English literature. The editor of this volume, W.W. Robson, is Emeritus David Masson, Professor of English Literature at the University of Edinburgh and the author of Modern English Literature. The general editor of the Oxford Sherlock Holmes, Owen Dudley Edwards, is Reader in History at the University of Edinburgh and author of The Quest for Sherlock Holmes. A Biographical Study of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.
Resurrection
Authors: Tolstoy Leo
Published: December 2020

Resurrection (1899) is the last of Tolstoy's major novels. It tells the story of a nobleman's attempt to redeem the suffering his youthful philandering inflicted on a peasant girl who ends up a prisoner in Siberia. Tolstoy's vision of redemption achieved through loving forgiveness, and his condemnation of violence, dominate the novel. An intimate, psychological tale of guilt, anger, and forgiveness, Resurrection is at the same time a panoramic description of social life in Russia at the end of the nineteenth century, reflecting its author's outrage at the social injustices of the world in which he lived. This edition, which updates a classic translation, has explanatory notes and a substantial introduction based on the most recent scholarship in the field.
Cranford
Authors: Gaskell Elizabeth , Birch Dinah
Published: December 2020

A man … is so in the way in the house!’ A vivid and affectionate portrait of a provincial town in early Victorian England, Elizabeth Gaskell’s Cranford describes a community dominated by its independent and refined women. Undaunted by poverty, but dismayed by changes brought by the railway and by new commercial practices, the ladies of Cranford respond to disruption with both suspicion and courage. Miss Matty and her sister Deborah uphold standards and survive personal tragedy and everyday dramas; innovation may bring loss, but it also brings growth, and welcome freedoms. Cranford suggests that representatives of different and apparently hostile social worlds, their minds opened by sympathy and suffering, can learn from each other. Its social comedy develops into a study of generous reconciliation, of a kind that will value the past as it actively shapes the future. This edition includes two related short pieces by Gaskell, ‘The Last Generation in England’ and ‘The Cage at Cranford’, as well as a selection from the diverse literary and social contexts in which the Cranford tales take their place.
The Girl with the Golden Eyes and Other Stories
Authors: Balzac Honoré de , Coleman Patrick
Published: December 2020

‘What holds sway over this country without morals, beliefs, or feelings? Gold and pleasure.’ Sexual attraction, artistic insight, and the often ironic relationship between them is the dominant theme in the three short works collected in this volume. In Sarrasine an impetuous young sculptor falls in love with a diva of the Roman stage, but rapture turns to rage when he discovers the reality behind the seductiveness of the singer's voice. The ageing artist in The Unknown Masterpiece, obsessed with his creation of the perfect image of an ideal woman, tries to hide it from the jealous young student who is desperate for a glimpse of it. And in The Girl with the Golden Eyes, the hero is a dandy whose attractiveness for the mysterious Paquita has an unexpected origin. These enigmatic and disturbing forays into the margins of madness, sexuality, and creativity show Balzac spinning fantastic tales as profound as any of his longer fictions. His mastery of the seductions of storytelling places these novellas among the nineteenth-century's richest explorations of art and desire. ABOUT THE SERIES: For over 100 years Oxford World's Classics has made available the widest range of literature from around the globe. Each affordable volume reflects Oxford's commitment to scholarship, providing the most accurate text plus a wealth of other valuable features, including expert introductions by leading authorities, helpful notes to clarify the text, up-to-date bibliographies for further study, and much more.
Vathek
Authors: Beckford William
Published: December 2020

Woe to the rash mortal who seeks to know that of which he should remain ignorant; and to undertake that which surpasseth his power!’ The Caliph Vathek is dissolute and debauched, and hungry for knowledge. When the mysterious Giaour offers him boundless treasure and unrivalled power he is willing to sacrifice his god, the lives of innocent children, and his own soul to satisfy his obsession. Vathek’s extraordinary journey to the subterranean palace of Eblis, and the terrifying fate that there awaits him, is a captivating tale of magic and oriental fantasy, sudden violence and corrupted love, whose mix of moral fable, grotesque comedy, and evocative beauty defies classification. Originally written by Beckford in French at the age of only 21, its dreamlike qualities have influenced writers from Byron to H. P. Lovecraft. This new edition reprints Beckford’s authorized English text of 1816 with its elaborate and entertaining notes. In his new introduction Thomas Keymer examines the novel’s relations to a range of literary genres and cultural contexts.
The Aspern Papers and Other Stories
Authors: James Henry
Published: December 2020

There's no baseness I wouldn't commit for Jeffrey Aspern's sake.’ The poet Aspern, long since dead, has left behind some private papers. They are jealously guarded by an old lady, once his mistress and muse, a recluse in an old palazzo in Venice, tended by her ingenuous niece. A predatory critic is determined to seize them. What can he make of the younger woman? What are his motives? What are the papers worth and what is he prepared to pay? In all four stories collected here, including ‘The Death of the Lion’, ‘The Figure in the Carpet’, and ‘The Birthplace’, the figure of the artist is central. Extraordinarily prophetic, James explores the emergent new cult of the writer as celebrity, and asks, who cares about the work for itself? Can the man behind the artist ever truly be known, and does our knowledge explain the act of creativity? This new edition includes extracts from James's Prefaces and Notebooks which shed light on the genesis of the stories.
A Hero of Our Time
Authors: Lermontov Mikhail , Kahn Andrew
Published: December 2020

After all that – how, you might wonder, could one not become a fatalist?' Lermontov's hero, Pechorin, is a young army officer posted to the Caucasus, where his adventures – amorous and reckless - do nothing to alleviate his boredom and cynicism. World-weary and self-destructive, Pechorin is alienated from those around him yet he is full of passion and romantic ardour, sensitive as well as arrogant. His complex, contradictory character dominates A Hero of Our Time, the first great Russian novel, in which the intricate narrative unfolds episodically, transporting the reader from the breathtaking terrain of the Caucasus to the genteel surroundings of spa resorts. Told in an engaging yet pointedly ironic style, the story expresses Lermontov's own estrangement from the stifling conventions of bourgeois society and the oppression of Russian autocracy, but it also captures a longing for freedom through acts of love and bravery. This new edition also includes Pushkin's Journey to Arzrum, in which Pushkin describes his own experiences of Russia's military campaigns in the Caucasus and which provides a fascinating counterpoint to Lermontov's novel.
Kidnapped
Authors: Stevenson Robert Louis , Duncan Ian
Published: December 2020

Your bed shall be the moorcock’s, and your life shall be like the hunted deer’s, and ye shall sleep with your hand upon your weapons.’ Tricked out of his inheritance, shanghaied, shipwrecked off the west coast of Scotland, David Balfour finds himself fleeing for his life in the dangerous company of Jacobite outlaw and suspected assassin Alan Breck Stewart. Their unlikely friendship is put to the test as they dodge government troops across the Scottish Highlands. Set in the aftermath of the 1745 rebellion, Kidnapped transforms the Romantic historical novel into the modern thriller. Its heart-stopping scenes of cross-country pursuit, distilled to a pure intensity in Stevenson’s prose, have become a staple of adventure stories from John Buchan to Alfred Hitchcock and Ian Fleming. Kidnapped remains as exhilarating today as when it was first published in 1886. This new edition is based on the 1895 text, incorporating Stevenson’s last thoughts about the novel before his death. It includes Stevenson’s ‘Note to Kidnapped’, reprinted for the first time since 1922.
Latent heat and pressure gap at the first-order deconfining phase transition of SU(3) Yang–Mills theory using the small flow-time expansion method
Authors:   WHOT-QCD Collaboration, Shirogane Mizuki , Ejiri Shinji , Iwami Ryo , Kanaya Kazuyuki , Kitazawa Masakiyo , Suzuki Hiroshi , Taniguchi Yusuke , Umeda Takashi
Published: December 2020

We study latent heat and the pressure gap between the hot and cold phases at the first-order deconfining phase transition temperature of the SU(3) Yang–Mills theory. Performing simulations on lattices with various spatial volumes and lattice spacings, we calculate the gaps of the energy density and pressure using the small flow-time expansion (SF$t$X) method. We find that the latent heat $\Delta \epsilon$ in the continuum limit is $\Delta \epsilon /T^4 = 1.117 \pm 0.040$ for the aspect ratio $N_s/N_t=8$ and $1.349 \pm 0.038$ for $N_s/N_t=6$ at the transition temperature $T=T_c$. We also confirm that the pressure gap is consistent with zero, as expected from the dynamical balance of two phases at $T_c$. From hysteresis curves of the energy density near $T_c$, we show that the energy density in the (metastable) deconfined phase is sensitive to the spatial volume, while that in the confined phase is insensitive. Furthermore, we examine the effect of alternative procedures in the SF$t$X method—the order of the continuum and the vanishing flow-time extrapolations, and also the renormalization scale and higher-order corrections in the matching coefficients. We confirm that the final results are all very consistent with each other for these alternatives.
Enhanced Pronociceptive and Disrupted Antinociceptive Mechanisms in Nonspecific Chronic Neck Pain
Authors: Zabala Mata Josu , Lascurain-Aguirrebeña Ion , Dominguez López Estíbaliz , Azkue Jon Jatsu
Published: December 2020

Objective

Evidence suggests altered pronociceptive and antinociceptive mechanisms in many chronic pain conditions. Knowledge about these mechanisms in nonspecific chronic neck pain (NSNP) would improve understanding of the causes and the design of more effective treatments. Pressure pain threshold (PPT) is often used to assess presence of altered nociceptive processing in NSNP; however, its usefulness to detect this is yet to be established. The purpose of this study was to determine the functional status of temporal summation of second pain (TSSP) and conditioned pain modulation (CPM) in NSNP and to characterize the association of both measures with PPT and clinical features of NSNP.

Methods

Thirty-two participants with NSNP (mean [SD] age = 44 [11] years; 27 female) and 32 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited. TSSP was assessed using an electrical stimulus at the dorsum of the hand, and CPM was evaluated with the Cold Pressor Test. PPT was assessed bilaterally at the neck and tibialis anterior muscles.

Results

Participants with NSNP showed greater TSPP (mean difference = 0.23; 95% CI = 0.46–0.01; Cohen d = 0.51) and lower CPM (mean difference = 19.44; 95% CI = 10.42–28.46; Cohen d = 1.09). Pooled data from all participants showed lower PPTs at the neck than the tibialis anterior. However, PPT measures did not differ between groups at either location. PPT measures were not correlated with CPM and TSP.

Conclusion

NSNP is associated with enhanced pronociceptive and impaired antinociceptive mechanisms, which may explain long-lasting pain and failure of some treatments to resolve symptoms. However, due to the observational nature of this study, a clear cause-effect relationship cannot be established. Normal PPT values in the clinic should not be interpreted as absence of altered nociceptive processing.

Impact

This study fills in some gaps in knowledge. Changes in central nociceptive processing may explain persistent and recurrent symptoms in NSNP and failure of treatments to obtain long-lasting relief. Further research is required to ascertain if TSSP and CPM assessment in the clinic may help predict physical therapy treatment outcome. Whether symptomatic relief with physical therapy is mediated by an improvement in TSSP and CPM should also be explored. PPTs were unaltered in participants with NSNP despite evidence of impairment in the central pain modulatory systems. Normal PPTs should not be interpreted as evidence of unaltered central pain-related processing.
Integrated assessment of legume production challenged by European policy interaction: A case-study approach from French and German dairy farms
Authors: Heinrichs Julia , Jouan Julia , Pahmeyer Christoph , Britz Wolfgang
Published: December 2020

Legumes, which currently show low production levels in the European Union, can reduce negative environmental externalities of agricultural systems by lowering nitrogen (N) fertilization and increasing protein self-sufficiency. This has led to the introduction of coupled support in France, in contrast to Germany. However, the German implementation of the Nitrates Directive is more favorable for legumes. Our study assesses economic and environmental impacts of these two policies affecting legume production. We employ the bio-economic model FarmDyn, representing French and German dairy farms. The results suggest that relatively low levels of coupled support can lead to modest increases in legume production, but that more substantial changes require considerable subsidies. Allowing the French farm to apply manure on legumes, as is already possible in Germany, fosters legume production while considerably reducing the use of synthetic N fertilizer and imported protein-rich feed. However, environmental benefits are limited.
Languages, Texts, and Translations
Authors: Coogan Michael
Published: December 2020

What languages was the Bible written in?

The Bible was written in three languages. The first is Hebrew, which was the primary language of the ancient Israelites for most of the biblical period, until Aramaic gradually replaced it. Hebrew continued to be used by Jews...
Biblical Concepts
Authors: Coogan Michael
Published: December 2020

What do I mean by “biblical concepts”?

By biblical concepts I mean major ideas and themes that are often grouped under the rubric “biblical theology.” It is a mistake, I think, to speak of “the theology” of the Bible, or of the Hebrew...
Making Doctors Effective Managers and Leaders: A Matter of Health and Well-Being
Authors: Rotenstein Lisa S. , Huckman Robert S. , Cassel Christine K.
Published: December 2020

The COVID-19 crisis has forced physicians to make daily decisions that require knowledge and skills they did not acquire as part of their biomedical training. Physicians are being called upon to be both managers—able to set processes and structures—and leaders—capable of creating vision and inspiring action. Although these skills may have been previously considered as just nice to have, they are now as central to being a physician as physiology and biochemistry. While traditionally only selected physicians have received management training, either through executive or joint degree programs, the authors argue that the pandemic has highlighted the importance of all physicians learning management and leadership skills. Training should emphasize skills related to interpersonal management, systems management, and communication and planning; be seamlessly integrated into the medical curriculum alongside existing content; and be delivered by existing faculty with leadership experience.

While leadership programs, such as the Pediatric Leadership for the Underserved program at the University of California, San Francisco, and the Clinical Process Improvement Leadership Program at Mass General Brigham, may include project work, instruction by clinical leaders, and content delivered over time, examples of leadership training that seamlessly blend biomedical and management training are lacking. The authors present the Leader and Leadership Education and Development curriculum used at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, which is woven through 4 years of medical school, as an example of leadership training that approximates many of the principles espoused here. The COVID-19 pandemic has stretched the logistical capabilities of health care systems and the entire United States, revealing that management and leadership skills—often viewed as soft skills—are a matter of life and death. Training all physicians in these skills will improve patient care, the well-being of the health care workforce, and health across the United States.
Personalized Graduate Medical Education and the Global Surgeon: Training for Resource-Limited Settings
Authors: Davis Rachel W. , Sherif Youmna A. , Vu Megan Thuy , Shilstone Holly , Scott Bradford , Olutoye Oluyinka O. , Hollier Larry , Nuchtern Jed , Rosengart Todd K.
Published: December 2020

Problem

The World Health Organization and the World Bank have identified improvement in access to surgical care as an urgent global health challenge and a cost-effective investment in public health. However, trainees in standard U.S. general surgery programs do not have adequate exposure to the procedures, technical skills, and foundational knowledge essential for providing surgical care in resource-limited settings.

Approach

The Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery at Baylor College of Medicine (BCM) created a 7-year global surgery track within its general surgery residency in 2014. Individualized rotations equip residents with the necessary skills, knowledge, and experience to operate in regions with low surgeon density and develop sustainable surgical infrastructures. BCM provides a formal, integrated global surgery curriculum—including 2 years dedicated to global surgery—with surgical specialty rotations in domestic and international settings. Residents tailor their individual experience to the needs of their future clinical practice, region of interest, and surgical specialty.

Outcomes

There have been 4 major outcomes of the BCM global surgery track: (1) increased exposure for trainees to a broad range of surgeries critical in resource-limited settings, (2) meaningful international partnerships, (3) contributions to global surgery scholarship, and (4) establishment of sustainable global surgery activities.

Next Steps

To better facilitate access to safe, timely, and affordable surgical care worldwide, global surgeons should pursue expertise in topics not currently included in U.S. general surgical curricula, such as setting-specific technical skills, capacity building, and organizational collaboration. Future evaluations of the BCM global surgery track will assess the effect of individualized education on trainees’ professional identities, clinical practices, academic pursuits, global surgery leadership preparedness, and comfort with technical skills not encompassed in general surgery programs. Increasing availability of quality global surgery training programs would provide a critical next step toward contributing to the delivery of safe surgical care worldwide.
UK NEQAS ICC & ISH Ki-67 Data Reveal Differences in Performance of Primary Antibody Clones
Authors: Parry Suzanne , Dowsett Mitch , Dodson Andrew
Published: December 2020

We examined data from 374 laboratories staining for Ki-67 as part of external quality assessment over 8 runs between 2013 and 2017 (total data sets=2601). One of 5 primary antibodies was used for 94.8% of submissions, with MIB-1 (Agilent Dako) comprising 58.8% of the total. Examining assessment score as a continuous variable showed the 30-9 (Ventana) and K2 (Leica Biosystems) clones were associated with the highest mean scores (17.0; 95% confidence interval, 16.8-17.2 and 16.3; 95% confidence interval, 15.9-16.6, respectively). Stain quality was not significantly different between them. Both were associated with significantly better staining compared with MIB-1 (Agilent Dako), MM1 (Leica Biosystems), and SP6 from various suppliers (P<0.05). Similarly, categorical assessment of “Good” versus “Not good” staining quality showed that the 30-9 and K2 clones were both significantly associated with “Good” staining (both P<0.001). Other methodological parameters were examined for significant primary antibody-specific effects; none were seen for 30-9, K2, or SP6. The MM1 clone was more likely to be associated with good quality staining when it was used with Leica Biosystems sourced antigen retrieval, detection, and platform, all statistically significant at P<0.01. MIB-1 was more likely to be associated with good quality staining results when it was used with Agilent Dako antigen retrieval, detection, and staining platforms (P<0.0001), and less likely at the same significance level when used with Leica Biosystems reagents and equipment. The data presented here show the importance of not just primary antibody choice but also matching that choice to other methodological factors.
Long-acting injectable HIV therapies: the next frontier
Authors: Thornhill John , Orkin Chloe
Published: December 2020

Purpose of review

There has been significant development of long-acting injectable therapy for the management of HIV in recent years that has the potential to revolutionise HIV care as we know it. This review summarises the data and outlines the potential challenges in the field of long-acting antiretroviral therapy (ART).

Recent findings

In recent years, monthly and two monthly long-acting injectable ART in the form of cabotegravir and rilpivirine has shown safety and efficacy in large-scale phase 3 randomised control trials. Also, agents with novel mechanisms of action, such as Lenacapavir, have been tested in early-phase studies and are currently being tested in phase 2-3 clinical trials; if successful, this may allow six-monthly dosing schedules.

However, despite evidence that suggests that these therapies are efficacious and acceptable to patients, the challenge of integrating these agents into our current healthcare infrastructure and making these novel agents cost-effective and available to the populations most likely to benefit remains. The next frontier for long-acting therapy will be to introduce these agents in a real-world setting ensuring that the groups most in need of long-acting therapy are not left behind.
“Safer spaces for everyone”? The Ladyfest scene as an innovative field for the fight against gendered violence in the live music industry
Authors: Barrière Louise
Published: December 2020

Purpose

Live music events have recently become more and more aware of the necessity to fight against gendered violence. In the meantime, research on gendered violence at live music events is also gaining a growing interest. Ladyfests and other punk-inspired queer and feminist do-it-yourself music festivals have often been presented as “safe spaces”, including in academic research. Yet, the exact goals and modalities of enactment of such safe spaces have mostly been overlooked. In this article, the author proposes to bridge this gap.

Design/methodology/approach

In this article, the author relies on two sources of information: the first one is documentary and the second is ethnographical. The author first considers the festivals archives (flyers, presentation texts, programs booklets, websites and so one) to analyze the identities and goals of the festivals (“who were are” and “what we aim to do”). Crossing these sources of information with ethnographical fieldwork in 10 Ladyfests that happened in France and Germany between 2017 and 2019, the author observed the measures taken to reach such goals (“how we do it”).

Findings

The author begins with detailing the functions of safer spaces policies and shows that the festivals position themselves as transformative forces toward a safer nightlife. Then, the author introduces the means established by the festivals to enact their safer space policies. The author specifically underpins the crucial role of developing bystander intervention as well as self-managed security teams. Finally, the author sheds light on the limits of the safer spaces policies and posits that creating a safer environment demands a constant hard work to keep patriarchal structures away.

Originality/value

Very few research studies have focused on live music, gendered violence and safe spaces. With this article, the author aims to contribute to the growing interest that these topics have gained in the last few years, by looking at an innovative feminist live music scene.
Does bureaucracy affect the outcome of logistics performance? Empirical evidence from South Asia
Authors: Kumari Mamta , Bharti Nalin
Published: December 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to develop and test theory-driven hypothesis on trade costs’ effect of logistics performance (LP) and bureaucratic efficiency, primarily from SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) perspective.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper develops hypothesis based on the review of the literature and theory linking LP, trade costs and institutions. The authors test the hypothesis using secondary data sources: World Bank-UNESCAP trade costs database, World Bank Logistics Performance Index (LPI) and Political Risk Service's Political Risk Rating. Fixed-effect approach is used to test the hypothesis.

Findings

The influential role of bureaucratic quality on relationship between LPI and South Asian trade costs (inter-SAARC and intra-SAARC) is evident. The results also point out that bureaucratic quality also conditions the effect of different dimensions of LPI on South Asian trade costs. Further, it is found that bureaucratic inefficiency mitigates the effects of LPI on South Asia's trade costs with its proximate trading partners APEC (Asia–Pacific Economic Cooperation) and ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asia Nations).

Research limitations/implications

The analysis is conducted using short span of data. With the availability of long span of data, the understanding of the relationship studies in this paper will improve.

Practical implications

The results suggests policymakers to improve bureaucratic efficiency for utilizing the full potential effect of LPI in deceasing trade costs. The study inspires businesses to act and advocate in favor of reforms in governance system.

Originality/value

This paper is among the first, which investigates the possibility that the relationship between LPI and trade costs depends on the bureaucratic efficiency. It provides a more detailed description of the LPI-trade costs relationship.
The evolving Korean childcare regime
Authors: Yuda Tauchid Komara
Published: December 2020

Purpose

The objective of this paper is to understand changes and progress of the Korean childcare regime by examining the evolutional process of childcare initiatives that were developed since the Japanese colonial rule.

Design/methodology/approach

This study employed a qualitative-based research design with a particular emphasis on explanatory research. Meanwhile, the data were gathered through the peer-reviewed literature and reports.

Findings

The findings indicate that Korea has had three types of childcare regimes: effective-informal, productivist and inclusive-liberal orientation. It also pinpoints that while the care regime development followed the European regime, the egalitarian society, which is a social prerequisite for modern welfare state-building, has not yet been fully established. This paradoxical situation eventually impedes the development of universal childcare aimed at promoting gender equality and a work-life balance.

Originality/value

This article offers a model and characteristics of the Korean childcare regime dating back to the Japanese colonial period up until the Moon Jae-In administration, where it still receives less attention in most of the social policy literature (see Table 1).
The roles of donation experience and advocacy: extending the organization–donor relationship model
Authors: Harrison Virginia , Buckley Christen , Xiao Anli
Published: December 2020

Purpose

This study examines the stakeholder’s experiences of two key groups: donors and donor-volunteers. The goals of this study are to (1) determine how donor experience affects organization–public relationships (OPRs) and its antecedents for these two groups and (2) extend the OPR model by considering new potential supportive behavioral intentions arising from OPR outcomes.

Design/methodology/approach

Using data from a survey of self-identified donors and donor-volunteers, multiple regressions were performed to establish the possible effects of experience and advocacy on OPRs.

Findings

Findings of this study support the idea that donation experience can be considered a potential antecedent for the OPR. The findings also support the idea that advocacy can be a valuable behavioral outcome resulting from OPR.

Practical implications

Nonprofits are ever seeking to better connect with their donor and volunteer supporters. This study helps to show the value of donation experience and the importance of cultivating advocacy behaviors among these supporters.

Originality/value

The study seeks to merge extant theory in communications and public policy to better understand the OPR model. Specifically, connecting OPR to the antecedent of donor experience and behavioral intentions like advocacy will help paint a stronger picture of donor–volunteer relationships with nonprofits.
Impact of toxic leadership on the intention to leave: a research on permanent and contracted hospital employees
Authors: Reyhanoglu Metin , Akin Ozden
Published: December 2020

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the impact of toxic leadership, organizational justice and organizational silence on hospital employees' intention to leave their jobs.

Design/methodology/approach

A questionnaire survey was conducted with permanent and contractual employees of a university teaching hospital, including nurses, medical assistants, health technicians and clerical staff. Structural equation modeling was used to develop and test the model.

Findings

The findings reveal that toxic leadership is directly and negatively related to organizational justice, while all dimensions of organizational silence and the intention to leave are positively related. In this model, the coefficients of the relationships are found to be higher, almost doubling in permanent employees than in contracted employees, except for the relationship between toxic leadership and silence to protect the organization. This exception lies in the fact that permanent workers with long-term employment have been dealing with the managers for many years.

Research limitations/implications

The model can be extended with counterproductive behavior, work performance and satisfaction measures and work stress and compared with different sectors using higher sample volumes.

Originality/value

In the human-centered health-care industry, it is essential to know the way leadership behaviors guide health-care professionals. The negative leadership behaviors can negatively affect both employees' self-esteem and their attitudes toward patients and their relatives. The results of the present study are expected to contribute to the development of more effective manager selection and promotion policies by policy-makers as well as the determination of short- and long-term employment policies.
Twitter library account: highlights for the users and librarians
Authors: Mnzava Ester Ernest
Published: December 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the scholarly literature relating to the usage of Twitter in library settings. Various uses of Twitter and strategies used to promote effective utilisation of Twitter in the library are given. The library uses Twitter accounts to support various information services, interact with users and for collecting feedback from users for the services given.

Design/methodology/approach

The Google Scholar database was consulted to extract the desired data published in the five years (2015–2019). Then, the content analysis method was used to analyse the retrieved literature.

Findings

The findings revealed that Twitter is used by both the library and its users. The library uses Twitter accounts to support various information services, interact with users and for collecting feedback from users for the services given. Furthermore, the findings revealed different ways that can be implemented to improve the effective utilisation of Twitter in the library.

Research limitations/implications

The main limitation of this study is that the findings of the research are based on the data collected from Google Scholar in the five years only.

Originality/value

This study tries to explore how Twitter is used in the library settings and the strategies that when implemented can help to ensure that libraries reap the best from Twitter.