bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Polemik Gereja Menjadi Tempat Yang Aman Bagi Anak
Authors: Niab Melda Sindayani
Published: September 2023

Anak merupakan makluk sosial yang membutuhkan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan dari orang dewasa. Saat ini anak terkadang menjadi bahan perdebatan atau diskusi bagi orang yang sangat peduli akan tumbuh dan kembang seorang anak, mulai dari masalah pelecehan seksual dan kemerosotan moral pada anak, serta adanya pernikahan dini. Dengan kehadiran gereja permasalahan yang dihadapi anak saat ini dapat menjadi solusi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah supaya polemik (perdebatan atau diskusi) gereja menjadi tempat yang aman bagi anak serta melindungi anak dari setiap permasalahan yang terjadi. Metode penelitian yang di gunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah metode pustaka atau literatur yaitu pengumpulan data berhadapan dengan teks, buku, jurnal dan sumber lainnya yang tersedia di perpusatakan. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan menghimpun data dari barbagai literatur, baik perpustakan dan tempat lainnya. Dalam pembahasan ini masalah yang ditemukan digereja adalah pelecehan seksual yang terjadi pada anak dan juga pernikahan dini. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan ternyata banyak gereja yang belum menjadi tempat aman bagi anak-anak remaja khususnya dalam mencegah masalah yang saat ini terjadi dikarenakan gereja yang kurang memperhatikan pelayanan terhadap anak
Pengaruh Pola Asuh Otoriter Terhadap Remaja Masa Kini
Authors: Ara Yuli Tamar Maramba
Published: September 2023

Pola asuh otoriter merupakan pola asuh yang memprioritaskan pembentukan anak dengan cara menetapkan secara nyata yang harus dituruti dan biasanya akan diikuti dengan ancaman-ancaman. Pola asuh otoriter memiliki ciri-ciri seperti halnya anak harus menuruti dan taat kepada kehendak orang tua. Remaja merupakan fase perkembangan dari kanak-kanak menuju kedewasaan yang matang secara fisik, akal maupun tingkah laku. Pada jenjang pertumbuhan dan perkembangan remaja masa kini dalam menerapkan pola asuh otoriter sangat berpengaruh bagi remaja, gemar tidak menaati setiap peraturan yang ada, tidak berinisiatif serta kurang dalam komunitas. Dalam pola asuh otoriter lebih cenderung memberikan ancaman ataupun hukuman fisik, ketika anak tidak dapat memenuhi setiap apa yang diinginkan oleh orang tua. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam mencari setiap sumber yang akan dicantumkan dalam jurnal ini yaitu metode penelitian Literatur. Metode penelitian Literatur merupakan metode yang digunakan dalam mengumpulkan setiap data-data serta mengolah data-data tersebut yang sudah diteliti. Tujuan dari penelitian yang dilakukan secara Literatur yaitu agar dapat mempermudah dalam mencari informasi dengan masalah yang akan diteliti serta mengkaji sejumlah teori dasar yang relevan yang akan diteliti. Sedangkan hasil dari penelitian yang dilakukan yaitu dapat mengetahui lebih dalam mengenai pola asuh otoriter terhadap remaja masa kini dampak serta faktor yang terjadi pada remaja masa kini.
Local Peace, International Builders: How UN Peacekeeping Builds Peace from the Bottom Up
Authors: Nomikos William George
Published: September 2023

Communal disputes over local issues such as land use, cattle herding, and access to scarce resources are a leading cause of conflict all over the world. In the coming decades, climate change, forced migration, and violent extremism will exacerbate such disputes in places that are ill equipped to handle them. Despite abundant evidence that international peacekeepers limit armed group violence, we know little about their ability to contain more localized forms of violence. Local Peace, International Builders explains the conditions under which international peacekeeping operations promote peaceful interactions between civilian communities in fragile settings. Its central theoretical insight is that civilian perceptions of peacekeepers' impartiality shape their ability to manage local disputes. My argument draws on georeferenced data on the deployment of more than 100,000 peacekeepers to localities across Africa from 1999 to 2019 as well as a multimethod study of peacekeeping in Mali, a West African country with widespread violence managed by peacekeepers. This data includes nearly 50 interviews with local political, religious, and traditional leaders; behavioral games with more than 500 Malians from 14 ethnicities; and surveys of 1,400 civilians. The book highlights a critical pathway through which UN peacekeeping may successfully maintain order in the international system. The findings have clear implications for how we think about foreign interventions---and how they can be better designed in the future to prevent violence in conflict and post-conflict settings.
Recent Breakthroughs in Understanding the Cerebellum's Role in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review
Authors: Leung Eric , Jain Priyanka , Michealson Marisa , Choi Hyesun , Ellsworth-Kopkowski Alexis , Valenzuela Carlos Fernando
Published: September 2023

Exposure to alcohol during fetal development can lead to structural and functional abnormalities in the cerebellum, a brain region responsible for motor coordination, balance, and specific cognitive functions. In this systematic review, we comprehensively analyze a vast body of research conducted on vertebrate animals and humans over the past 13 years. We identified studies through PubMed and screened them following PRISMA guidelines. Data extraction and quality analysis were conducted using Covidence systematic review software. A total of 108 studies met our inclusion criteria, with the majority (79 studies) involving vertebrate animal models and 29 studies focusing on human subjects. Animal models included zebrafish, mice, rats, sheep, and non-human primates, investigating the impact of ethanol on cerebellar structure, gene/protein expression, physiology, and cerebellar-dependent behaviors. Additionally, some animal studies explored potential therapeutic interventions against ethanol-induced cerebellar damage. The human studies predominantly adopted cohort designs, exploring the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on cerebellar structure and function. Certain human studies delved into innovative cerebellar-based diagnostic approaches for fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). The collective findings from these studies clearly indicate that the cerebellum is involved in various neurophysiological deficits associated with FASD, emphasizing the importance of evaluating both cerebellar structure and function in the diagnostic process for this condition. Moreover, this review sheds light into potential therapeutic strategies that can mitigate prenatal alcohol exposure-induced cerebellar damage.
Reactive iron as an important reservoir of marine organic carbon over geological timescales
Authors: Chen Yunru , Dong Liang , Sui Weikang , Niu Mingyang , Cui Xingqian , Hinrichs Kai-Uwe , Wang Fengping
Published: September 2023

Reactive iron (FeR) has been suggested to serve as a semi-persistent sink of organic carbon (OC) in surface marine sediments, where approximately 10-20% of total OC (TOC) is associated with FeR (FeR-OC). However, the persistence of FeR-OC on geological timescales remains poorly constrained. Here, we retrieved FeR-OC records in two long sediment cores of the northern South China Sea spanning almost the past 100 kyrs. Most prominently, the downcore marine-sourced FeR-OC contributes a relatively stable proportion of 13.3±3.2% to TOC. However, distinctly lower values of less than 5% of TOC, accompanied by notable 13C depletion of FeR-OC are observed in the sulfate-methane transition zone (SMTZ), where active sulfate reduction and potential iron reduction are indicated by microbial composition and geochemical modelling. FeR-OC is suggested to be remobilized by microbially mediated reductive dissolution of FeR (and might be substituted with freshly formed 13C-depleted OC). The global budget of FeR-OC in microbially active Quaternary marine sediments could be as large as 219±133×10^17 g, which is 18-48 times the size of the atmospheric carbon pool. Thus, sedimentary FeR-OC as an exchangeable reservoir of labile OC may support deep life and play a role in regulating Earth’s carbon cycle over geological timescales.
The 2021 La Palma eruption; social dilemmas resulting from living close to an active volcano
Authors: Troll Valentin , Aulinas Junca Meritxell , Carracedo Juan Carlos , Geiger Harri , Pérez Torrado Francisco José , Soler Vicente , Deegan Frances , Bloszies Christin , Weis Franz , Albert Minguez Helena , Gisbert Guillem , Day James , Rodríguez González Alejandro , Gazel Esteban , Kyle Dayton Kyle
Published: September 2023

Damage and destruction caused by the 2021 eruption of the Tajogaite volcano on La Palma was unprecedented relative to other historical eruptions of the last century (1909, 1949, 1971, 2011) in the Canary Islands. The devastation caused by the eruption was not a result of eruption magnitude, which was only marginally larger than other historical events, but instead of increasing vulnerability due to population growth and increasing rural land use on the slopes of the volcanically active Cumbre Vieja Ridge. Since future eruptions along the Cumbre Vieja are inevitable, it is imperative that actions are taken to ensure the safety of the island’s growing population. While civil protection and emergency services managed to avert loss of life from direct volcanic impacts in 2021, loss of property for many people in the affected area remains a grave issue and requires targeted measures to safeguard against human suffering from similar future events.
Environmental experiences and cognitive outcomes are predicted by resting-state EEG in school-aged children
Authors: Schneider Julie M. , Kim Jeahong , Poudel Sonali , Lee Yune , Maguire Mandy
Published: September 2023

Children’s accumulated experiences become ingrained in patterns of intrinsic resting-state brain function that subserve relevant cognitive processes over the course of development. Although infant research has demonstrated the association between environmental experiences, cognitive outcomes, and resting-state electroencephalography (rsEEG), it remains unknown how these experiences impact neural and cognitive development throughout the school years. To address this gap, we applied a multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) to rsEEG data to identify which neural frequencies at rest are most strongly associated with unique aspects of socioeconomic status (SES; income and maternal education) and cognitive (vocabulary, working memory) outcomes among school-aged children (8-15 years). We find that changes in the alpha frequency are associated with SES globally, while gamma1 and theta fluctuations are tied to dissociable aspects of SES and cognitive outcomes. Specifically, changes in the gamma frequency are predictive of both maternal education and vocabulary outcome, while changes in the theta frequency are related to both income and working memory ability. The current findings extend our understanding of unique pathways by which environmental experiences related to SES influence cognitive and neural development in school-aged children.
Neural Mechanisms of Domain-general Inhibitory Control
Authors: Wessel Jan , Anderson Michael
Published: September 2023

Inhibitory control is a fundamental mechanism underlying flexible behavior and features in theories across many areas of cognitive and psychological science. However, whereas many theories implicitly or explicitly assume that inhibitory control is a domain-general process, the vast majority of neuroscientific work has hitherto focused on individual domains, such as motor, mnemonic, or attentional inhibition. Here, we attempt to close this gap between by highlighting recent work that demonstrates shared neuroanatomical and neurophysiological signatures of inhibitory control across domains. We propose that the regulation of thalamocortical drive by a fronto-subthalamic mechanism operating in the β-band might be a domain-general mechanism for inhibitory control in the human brain.
Beyond principlism: Practical strategies for ethical AI use in research practices
Authors: Lin Zhicheng
Published: September 2023

The rapid adoption of generative artificial intelligence (AI) in scientific research, particularly large language models (LLMs), has outpaced the development of ethical guidelines, leading to a “Triple-Too” problem: too many high-level ethical initiatives, too abstract principles lacking contextual and practical relevance, and too much focus on restrictions and risks over benefits and utilities. Existing approaches—principlism (reliance on abstract ethical principles), formalism (rigid application of rules), and technological solutionism (overemphasis on technological fixes)—offer little practical guidance for addressing ethical challenges of AI in scientific research practices. To bridge the gap between abstract principles and day-to-day research practices, a user-centered, realism-inspired approach is proposed here. It outlines five specific goals for ethical AI use: 1) understanding model training and output, including bias mitigation strategies; 2) respecting privacy, confidentiality, and copyright; 3) avoiding plagiarism and policy violations; 4) applying AI beneficially compared to alternatives; and 5) using AI transparently and reproducibly. Each goal is accompanied by actionable strategies and realistic cases of misuse and corrective measures. I argue that ethical AI application requires evaluating its utility against existing alternatives rather than isolated performance metrics. Additionally, I propose documentation guidelines to enhance transparency and reproducibility in AI-assisted research. Moving forward, we need targeted professional development, training programs, and balanced enforcement mechanisms to promote responsible AI use while fostering innovation. By refining these ethical guidelines and adapting them to emerging AI capabilities, we can accelerate scientific progress without compromising research integrity.
How Political Culture Shapes Horizontal Accountability Outcomes: Evidence from 62 Countries
Authors: Tomic Slobodan , Rauh William Jonathan
Published: September 2023

Despite omnipresence of oversight bodies, they operate with varying levels of success across countries. Systemic studies of performance of oversight bodies are rare and most with positive findings have been conducted within single countries and operate under neo-institutionalist paradigms. In this study we propose ways in which political culture mediates the effectiveness of oversight bodies. Using data from 62 countries we develop a series of grouped time series models to examine how established measures of political culture affect horizontal accountability. The findings suggest a strong relationship between culture and the effectiveness of horizontal accountability institutions.
Wie lassen sich Bildungsungleichheiten effektiv verringern? Ein Forschungsüberblick zu Schulentwicklung in herausfordernden Lagen
Authors: Marx Alexandra , Maaz Kai
Published: September 2023

Schools serving socially disadvantaged communities work under challenging internal and external conditions. At the same time, these schools are central stakeholders for the reduction of educational inequalities and their students are particularly dependent on high quality teaching and learning. The present article describes factors of effective schools in socially disadvantaged settings and illustrates school improvement measures that aim at promoting school quality and students’ learning outcomes.
Das Programm „Ein Quadratkilometer Bildung“
Authors: Lock Silke
Published: September 2023

Das Programm „Ein Quadratkilometer Bildung“ setzt auf kleinräumige, lokale Bildungsnetzwerke, um die Bildungschancen von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Sozialräumen zu erhöhen, in denen überproportional viele Familien von Armut betroffen sind. Mithilfe eines stadtteilbezogenen Unterstützungssystems, der sog. Pädagogischen Werkstatt, setzen Akteur*innen der formalen, non-formalen und informellen Bildung Schwerpunktthemen und entwickeln gemeinsam vor Ort bedarfsgerechte Praxislösungen. Der Beitrag stellt den Handlungsansatz des Programms vor, skizziert Entwicklungen unterschiedlicher Programmorte und bündelt abschließend Erkenntnisse zu möglichen Wirkungen des Programms.
Warum Schulentwicklung(sforschung) und Bildungsverantwortliche eine klare Vorstellung von sozialer Gerechtigkeit benötigen
Authors: Berkemeyer Nils , Hermstein Björn
Published: September 2023

Systemzusammenhänge ignoriert. Bedingungen, Möglichkeiten und Formen der Schulentwicklung werden maßgeblich von Parametern der Institutionenentwicklung im Mehrebenensystem bestimmt und sind aufs Engste auch mit normativen Fragen des demokratischen Zusammenlebens und der sozialen Gerechtigkeit verknüpft. Daher ist nicht nur die Herausforderung der schulischen Qualitätsentwicklung nach wie vor virulent, sondern auch die Frage, wie die Gesellschaft dem System Schule mehr Vertrauen schenken kann und was zu tun ist, damit alle Akteur*innen wieder mit Lust und Mut zur Verantwortung im System agieren und es lebendig und entwicklungsfähig halten. Der Beitrag versucht eine Antwortmöglichkeit zu skizzieren, indem in Rekurs auf Konzepte zu sozialer Gerechtigkeit die Bedeutung einer breiter verstandenen Schulsystementwicklung für Fragen der Teilhabe und Anerkennung in und durch Bildung herausgearbeitet werden.
Pengaruh Konflik Keluarga, Stres Kerja dan Insentif Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT Anugrahprima Perdana
Authors: Pitaloka Metta , Silaswara Diana
Published: September 2023

Observasi ini mempunyai arah untuk menguji sebanyak apa Pengaruh Konflik Keluarga, Stres Kerja dan Insentif Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT Anugrahprima Perdana baik secara sebagian ataupun keseluruhan. Observasi ini ialah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif yaitu metode yang menggambarkan kondisi suatu perusahaan berdasarkan fakta maupun kejadian pada perusahaan tersebut melalui proses pengumpulan, penyusunan, pengklasifikasian, analisis, serta menginterpretasikan data untuk menghasilkan suatu kesimpulan dan saran. Populasi pada penelitian ini merupakan karyawan yang terdapat pada PT Anugrahprima Perdana. Sampel dalam riset ini merupakan sebanyak 130 responden dengan penghimpunan informasi memakai kuesioner. Teknik analisis data yang dipakai ialah metode analisis statistik deskriptif, uji validitas dan reliabilitas, asumsi klasik, analisis regresi linier berganda, uji T, uji F, koefisien determinasi dan hipotesis memanfaatkan program SPSS versi 26.

Hasil dari riset ini menampilkan variabel konflik keluarga (X1) tidak mempengaruhi kinerja karyawan dengan angka sig 0,402 > 0,05, variabel stres kerja (X2) tidak mempengaruhi kinerja karyawan dengan angka sig 0,842 > 0,05, insentif (X3) mempengaruhi kinerja karyawan dengan angka sig 0,000 < 0,05
Pengaruh Lokasi, Fasilitas, dan Citra Merek Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Pada Bakso Bandi Kota Tangerang
Authors: Pratama Ryan , Sutrisna Sutrisna
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari Lokasi, Fasilitas dan Citra Merek Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Pada Bakso Bandi Kota Tangerang.

Penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Data yang dipakai adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Data yang sudah diperoleh dengan menyebarkan kuisioner kepada konsumen. Sampel yang dipakai pada penelitian berjumlah 100 pelanggan Bakso Bandi. Pemilihan Metode dalam penelitian ini yaitu simple random sampling. Skala yang dipakai penelitian adalah skala Likert. Dapat disimpulkan variabel lokasi terhadap keputusan pembelian yaitu  dengan signifikansi  dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak ada pengaruh signifikan secara parsial antara lokasi terhadap keputusan pembelian, kemudian variabel fasilitas terhadap keputusan pembelian yaitu    dengan signifikansi  dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh signifikan secara parsial antara fasilitas terhadap keputusan pembelian, kemudian variabel citra merek terhadap keputusan pembelian yaitu t hitung  dengan signifikansi  disimpulkan terdapat pengaruh signifikan secara parsial antara citra merek terhadap keputusan pembelian.

Dari uji F didapat  dengan signifikansi  disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh signifikan antara lokasi, fasilitas, dan citra merek terhadap keputusan pembelian
Ethnicity and the Kurdish Questions in the Middle East
Authors: Husain Saddam
Published: September 2023

The Kurdish question could be considered as an ethnic question in Middle East politics, which remains unsolved. As the largest stateless ethnic groups, most of its population exists in the four Middle East countries: Iraq, Iran, Syria, and Turkey. In contemporary times, the polarisation along ethnic lines has become central to the Kurdish question in Middle East politics. Presently, most existing expertise on Kurdish politics gave the numbers aspect of the Kurdish national struggle in the Middle East. The historical exclusion and assimilation of Kurd ethnic identity by dominant ethnic identity and challenges faced by the Kurds, such as statelessness, marginalisation, and conflict, always look like the Ethnic matter of the Kurdish question in the Middle East. This research paper delves into the complex interplay between ethnicity and the Kurdish question in the Middle East. The paper begins by tracing the historical origins of the Kurdish people. It examines the evolution of the Kurdish question, analysing the socio-political and cultural factors that have shaped their struggle for self-determination.
Kajian Teknis Produktivitas Alat Muat Shovel Komatsu Pc3000 Elektrik Dan Alat Angkut Rigid Truck Belaz 75135 Pada Pengupasan Overburden Di Pit 3 Timur Banko Barat PT. Bukit Asam Tbk Tanjung Enim Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Kresno Kresno , Emsya Rizki Fajli Darma , S.B Waterman
Published: September 2023

Produktivitas alat muat dan alat angkut dalam kegiatan pengupasan lapisan tanah penutup pada sebuah tambang batubara merupakan hal penting karena akan mempengaruhi cepat atau lambatnya lapisan batubara yang berada di bawahnya dapat dilakukan penggalian. Permasalahan umum yang sering dihadapi oleh perusahaan tambang batubara adalah tidak tercapainya target produktivitas dari alat-alat mekanis yang digunakan oleh perusahaan. Permasalahan yang terjadi di PT Bukit Asam Tbk di Pit 3 Timur Banko Barat saat ini adalah belum tercapainya target produksi dari alat angkut Rigid Truck Belaz 75135 yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pengupasan lapisan tanah penutup di fleet 3004 dan fleet 3007 dengan target produksi sebesar 243.750 m3/bulan untuk bulan januari 2022. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji nilai produktivitas alat mekanis yang digunakan, mengevaluasi faktor-faktor yang menjadi penyebab tidak tercapainya target produktivitas, dan memberikan rekomendasi perbaikan terhadap faktor-faktor tersebut sehingga nilai produksi alat untuk masing-masing fleet penambangan dapat tercapai. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan diawali dengan studi literatur, observasi lapangan untuk pengambilan data primer dan sekunder secara langsung di lapangan, data yang didapatkan diolah dan dianalisis sehingga didapatkan alternatif penyelesaian masalah, serta mengamati perubahan nilai produktivitas alat setelah dilakukan perbaikan terhadap masalah yang terjadi. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu nilai produksi alat angkut pada fleet penambangan 3004 dan 3007 belum dapat mencapai target produksi yang ditetapkan perusahaan sebesar 243.750 m3/bulan. Upaya yang dilakukan dengan cara membersihkan material buangan di sisi jalan angkut sehingga terjadi penurunan waktu edar alat, dan meningkatkan efisiensi kerja alat dengan melakukan perbaikan terhadap hambatan-hambatan yang terjadi. Nilai produktivitas alat pada masing-masing fleet penambangan mengalami peningkatan dan mampu mencapai target produksi bulan januari 2022 yang telah ditetapkan oleh perusahaan. Peningkatan produksi alat muat fleet 3004 dari 287.792 m3/bulan (118%) menjadi 361.748 m3/bulan (148%), fleet 3006 dari 389.016 m3/bulan (160%) menjadi 403.813 m3/bulan (166%), dan fleet 3007 dari 397.166 m3/bulan (163%) menjadi 412.230 m3/bulan (169%). Sedangkan alat angkut fleet 3004 dari 224.465 m3/bulan (92%) menjadi 280.303 m3/bulan (115%), fleet 3006 dari 286.431 m3/bulan (118%) menjadi 345.690 m3/bulan (142%), fleet 3007 dari 228.235 m3/bulan (94%) menjadi 288.257 m3/bulan (118%)
Breast Cancer Manifest During Contraceptive Steroid Therapy of Two Women with Prior Lactation Mastitis
Authors: Meyer Kenneth K.
Published: September 2023

Although contraceptive steroids stimulate epithelial proliferation in the breast, and modify benign disease1, only two patients with carcinoma developing during such therapy are previously recorded2. Two patients have been treated at the Guthrie Clinic for carcinoma manifest during contraceptive steroid therapy; both had secretory carcinomas, both were in their mid-forties, and both previously had lactation mastitis in the area in which tumor developed. The similarity of age, history, and lesion, suggests that patients with similar histories should have their breasts examined at regular intervals while on steroid therapy and have any lesions biopsied.
Aseptic Meningitis Secondary to Radioiodinated Serum Albumin (Risa) Cysternography: Report of a Case
Authors: Shelling Richard S. , McQuillen James B.
Published: September 2023

Radioisotope cysternography is a useful technique for evaluating symptomatic occult hydrocephalus1, 2, problems incident to surgical shunts and spinal fistulas3. The radioactive material is diluted with cerebrospinal fluid through an aseptic lumbar puncture. Several hours later scans of the head are carried out, and are often repeated in twenty-four and forty-eight hours later. These serial observations should reveal the dynamics of flow which cannot be revealed by air. Reactions are uncommon, but we would like to present a dramatic one we have observed.
To the Graduating Class of 1970
Authors: Boselli Bruce D.
Published: September 2023

From time to time we have republished articles from the staff archives (largely by Dr. Donald Guthrie) which are concerned with the philosophies of medical practice. We have enclosed in our volumes the Guthrie Lectureships which often are concerned with viewpoints on the future. Dr. Olson’s, printed in this volume, is a case in point.
Granulomatous Uveitis
Authors: Aronstam Robert Harwood
Published: September 2023

Granulomatous uveitis remains one of the common problems of the ophthalmologist. Once all patients with a cloudy vitreous and some type of lesion affecting the uveal tract were lumped together under the general heading of granulomatous uveitis irrespective of their cause. During the days of rampant tuberculosis, many were isolated under this etiology. In the last 25 years more and more specific causes have been recognized and specific treatment is becoming possible.
Planning and Working for the Future
Authors: Steinfeld Jesse L.
Published: September 2023

I want first to extend the Surgeon General’s regrets for not being able to be here with you. For those of you who are familiar with the operation of the Executive Branch, we go through a yearly fund-raising exercise ourselves. Dr. Steinfeld has to testify tomorrow morning in hearings scheduled just after Congress returned from its Easter recess so that he had no way of knowing that they would fall at the same time as this evening’s affair. His shoes are difficult to fill, but he had prepared remarks, and I will attempt to deliver them in a manner that complements his work on them.
Wilms’ Tumor Presenting as An Acute Surgical Abdomen
Authors: Olney L. E.
Published: September 2023

Wilms’ tumor is one of the most common neoplasms of early childhood. The presenting symptom is abdominal swelling or mass (50% to 65%), pain (20% to 30%) and hematuria (5% to 10%).1
Isolated Severance of Renal Artery, Associated With Splenic Rupture, Following a Snowmobile Accident
Authors: Thomas John M. , Deshmukh Narayan
Published: September 2023

Splenic injury after blunt trauma is not uncommon, but severance of the renal pedicle as an isolated injury is very rare. On reviewing the English literature back to 1921, we have not encountered a single case of the type described here.
Rapid Diagnostics: A Hazard to Your Patient’s Health?
Authors: Camp Carol
Published: September 2023

In microbiological diagnosis time is of the essence. Today, sophisticated instrumentation is rapidly becoming a part of the “now” laboratory scene. However, merits of this instrumentation must be evaluated within the framework of clinical reliability. This is even more important as we note that the need for prompt detection and enumeration in the laboratory has been augmented by the formidable and increased emergence of refractory microorganisms whose very existence has been fostered by immunosuppressive and antimicrobial therapy. These are the same microorganisms which seem destined to undo the surgical and medical successes in today’s hospital patient.
The influence of nanoparticles, multicomponent microelemental fertiliser “Avatar-2 Zahyst” and microbial fertiliser “Azogran” on the yield of potato variety “Suvenir Chernihivsky” in Polissya
Authors: Vasylchenko A.
Published: September 2023

Improving traditional potato growing technology is of great scientific and practical importance for agriculture. Recently, nanoparticles (NPs) have been catching the attention of scientists as a promising means of increasing crop productivity. It has been established that NPs of such chemical elements as Fe, Zn, B, Si, Cu, Co, Se, and Ag can significantly increase the productivity of potatoes. It is known that Ag NPs show synergism with some microbial agents. However, the effect of NP of such elements as Zn and Se on potato yield and NPs combined with microbial agents for pre-sowing fertilisation has not been studied sufficiently. The influence of Ti and I NPs on potato yield, the influence of ELs on the yield of domestic potato varieties, and the influence of ELs on potato yield in Polissya are not yet studied. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of pre-sowing fertilisation of potatoes with Zn NPs, Ti NPs, Se + I NPs, Zn + Ti + Se + I NPs, multicomponent microelement fertiliser “Avatar-2 Zahyst”, microbial fertiliser “Azogran” and a combination of microbial fertiliser “Azogran” with Se + I NPs on the yield of potato variety “Suvenir Chernihivsky” in Polissya. For three years in a row, small-scale experiments were set up on sod-podzolic soil and leached chernozem. The plots were located on the land of the Institute of Agricultural Microbiology and Agricultural Production of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences in Chernihiv Oblast. The data obtained on the potato harvest was analysed in accordance with generally accepted methods of statistical analysis. It was found that among all variants of pre-sowing fertilisation, the composition of Se + I NPs, the microbial fertiliser Azogran and the combination of Azogran with the composition of Se + I NPs had the greatest effect on the yield of potatoes of the Suvenir Chernihivsky variety on sod-podzolic soil by 33.13, 38.34 and 45.35%, respectively, and on leached chernozem by 10.97, 17.98 and 37.27%. It was found that the composition of Se + I nanoparticles and Azogran exhibit synergism. The data obtained indicate high prospects for the use of NPs in combination with microbial fertilisers in potato cultivation
Influence of farming and tillage systems on available moisture reserves of common chernozem for spring wheat cultivation
Authors: Tanchyk Semen , Dudka O. , Pavlov Oleksandr , Babenko Antonina
Published: September 2023

Numerous studies by Ukrainian and foreign scientists have proven that one of the limiting factors for obtaining stable crop yields is the reserves of productive moisture in the soil, especially during critical periods of their growth and development. The article presents the results of research on the influence of three farming systems – industrial (control), organic and biological and four variants of basic tillage – ploughing by 20-22 cm (control), chiselling by 20-22 cm, disking by 10-12 cm, disking by 6-8 cm on the reserves of productive moisture in the soil for growing spring durum wheat. The results of the research revealed that the highest moisture reserves in the meter thickness of the soil during the sowing period were obtained by combining the biological system of agriculture and chisel tillage, which made it possible to accumulate 199.1 mm in 2018, 179.6 mm in 2019 and 159.9 mm in 2020 of available moisture in the soil. The use of chisel cultivation in combination with industrial and organic farming systems also proved to be beneficial in all years of observation over combinations of ploughing and both variants of disking with these systems. During the growing season in all studied farming systems, no-till farming (chiselling and disking) provided the highest reserves of available moisture in the soil. However, the combination of an organic farming system with 20-22 cm chiselling should be considered the optimal option, which provided 74.0 mm of moisture for the flowering period in 2018, 93.7 and 90.9 mm in 2019 and 90.9 mm in 2020, and during the harvesting period, these figures were 61.0, 67.7 and 61.6 mm, respectively. The yield of spring durum wheat grain in this variant was essentially the highest in the experiment and amounted to 4.6, 6.7 and 5.6 t/ha, respectively
Winter wheat yields depending on preceding crops in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine
Authors: Shylo S. , Tsentylo L. , Babenko Antonina
Published: September 2023

The article presents the results of research on the specifics of winter wheat yield formation depending on preceding crops. It was established that in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe, according to the ability to provide winter wheat during the sowing period (0-10 cm soil layer) with available moisture, the preceding crops were arranged as follows: peas – winter rape – sunflower – soybeans – corn for silage. At the time of sowing winter wheat, sufficient reserves of available moisture in the 0-10 cm soil layer were established after peas and winter rape, respectively, 11.5 and 10.9 mm. Soybeans and corn for silage, as predecessors, did not provide sufficient moisture reserves for sowing winter wheat in both the 0-10 cm and 0-30 cm soil layers. The highest yield of winter wheat in 2019-2021 averaged 5.68 t/ha, achieved by planting it after peas. The use of winter rape and soybeans as a precursor reduced its yield by 4.40 and 5.40%, respectively, which in absolute terms amounted to 0.25 and 0.31 t/ha. When winter wheat was cultivated after corn for silage and sunflower, the crop yield decreased by 0.48 and 0.67 t/ha, respectively. The highest quality indices of winter wheat grain – protein content of 13.1 and 13.3% and gluten content of 25.2 and 25.5% – were obtained when it was placed after legumes (peas and soybeans). Winter rape, as a predecessor, provided grain quality indices of 13.0% protein and 24.5% gluten. When sown after sunflower and corn for silage, the protein content of winter wheat grain was 12.6% and 12.8%, respectively, and the gluten content was 24.0% and 24.1%
Effect of systematic fertilisation on soil fertility in the cultivation of corn for grain
Authors: Litvinova O. , Dehodiuk S.E.
Published: September 2023

The article presents the results of studies on the systematic application of organic and mineral fertilisers on the fertility of grey forest soil and the formation of corn yield. It was determined that in the five-field crop rotation during the cultivation of crops, the formation of soil backgrounds with different physicochemical properties took place. Application of litter manure (direct action) at a dose of 60 t/ha against the background of moderate fertiliser rates (N40-80R30-60K40-80) contributed to the neutralisation of the soil solution to the values of a slightly acidic reaction (pHsal -5.2-5.3 units), while in the absence of manure (mineral fertiliser system), the pHsal remained within the range of medium acidic reaction. The most effective in terms of humus soil condition was the organic-mineral fertiliser system (12 t/ha of manure + N80P60K80) and organic (12 t/ha of manure per 1 ha of crop rotation area), respectively, the total humus content was 1.35 and 1.37% or in percentage terms 25-27% higher compared to the control (without fertilisers) – 1.08 t/ha. Optimisation of nutrient regime indicators (hydrolysed nitrogen, mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium) of the soil at the end of the rotation was provided by the organo-mineral fertiliser system (N100P60K100 against 60 t/ha of manure). The highest productivity of corn per grain (9.49 t/ha) was provided by the organic-mineral fertiliser system (60 t/ha of manure + N100P60K100), which is 86% higher than the control variant (without fertilisers), under such conditions the highest yield of crude protein was obtained – 0.98 t/ha
ANALISIS SEMIOTIKA PADA ILUSTRASI SAMPUL MAJALAH TEMPO BERTEMA TERORISME EDISI 13 – 27 MEI 2018
Authors: Wahyudi Luqman , Purnomo Aji Susanto Anom
Published: September 2023

Sampul majalah mingguan Tempo dikenal berani, kritis, dan kadang mengundang kontroversi dengan makna-makna tersembunyi yang sengaja disisipkan (subliminal messages) di segala bidang (sosial, politik, ekonomi). Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis makna dan pesan yang terkandung dalam sampel tiga sampul majalah Tempo edisi 13, 20 dan 27 Mei 2018 yang menampilkan kasus terorisme, melalui tiga elemen semiotika Charles Sanders Peirce yaitu ground, object, dan interpretant. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode analisis semiotik yang bersifat kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah petanda yang muncul pada sampul tersebut berkaitan erat dengan aksi terorisme, yaitu narapidana yang melakukan penyanderaan pada rumah tahanan mako Brimob, anak kecil yang menjadi tersangka bom bunuh diri Bersama keluarganya, serta mahasiswa pelaku penusukan terhadap intel Brimob di Kelapa Dua. Sehingga interpretasi peneliti ketika melihat ilustrasi sampul tersebut adalah menggambarkan rangkaian peristiwa aksi teror dalam waktu yang berdekatan pada bulan Mei 2018.
PERANCANGAN TYPEFACE “MANTINGAN FONT” DAN SIGN SYSTEM BERBASIS ORNAMEN MASJID MANTINGAN DI KABUPATEN JEPARA
Authors: Setiawan Agus , Yanuarsari Dzuha Hening
Published: September 2023

Abstrak

 

Masjid Mantingan merupakan salah satu warisan budaya peninggalan kuno Islam dan menjadi salah satu asset wisata di Kabupaten Jepara. Masjid Mantingan di Jepara memiliki beberapa desain ornamen yang diterapkan pada beberapa sisi tembok masjid. Masjid Mantingan juga memiliki ciri khas desain ornamen yang masih memiliki akulturasi  unsur  budaya China, Hindhu, Budha dan Jawa. Ornamen-ornamen tersebut yang kemudian menginspirasi untuk dikembangkan menjadi konsep perancangan typeface yang didalamnya memiliki unsur anatomi karakter ornamen dimana konstruksinya didasarkan pada kaidah perancangan typeface. Konsep visual perancangan typeface ini didapatkan dari hasil riset yang dilakukan pada responden yang bergelut di bidang desain. Kemudian typeface dirancang dengan basis digital yang dikemas menjadi bentuk font pack dengan format nama “Mantingan Font.otf” yang bisa diinstal dan digunakan pada PC (Personal Computer). Typeface yang telah dirancang kemudian disosialisasikan ke mitra (pengurus masjid Mantingan) untuk kemudian dikembangkan lagi dalam bentuk aplikasi pada media sign system. Tujuan dari perancangan ini yakni untuk mengembangkan dan mendukung konteks sistem informasi (sign system) pada masjid Mantingan di Kabupaten Jepara sebagai wisata religi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yakni deskriptif-kuantitatif dengan didukung data faktual lapangan dan riset yang telah dilakukan dengan didukung pada pendekatan ATUMICS.

Kata Kunci: desain, mantingan, typeface
ANALISIS “AIDA” PADA KONTEN INSTAGRAM “MADAME GIE” TERHADAP MINAT BELI KONSUMEN
Authors: Carollina Donna , Angkawijaya Yongkie , Abednego Victor Adiluhung
Published: September 2023

This research aims to examine Madame Gie's Instagram content with consumer buying interest based on attention, interest, desire, and action (AIDA). This research uses the descriptive qualitative method. The data collection was carried out using a questionnaire distributed online to 100 followers of the Madame Gie account as the research sample. The results found the relations between Madame Gie's Instagram content with consumer buying interest based on AIDA aspects. In the attention aspects, pastel colors and celebrities' photos and videos use to attract the audience. In the interest aspects, the consistency of uploading photos and product content makes it easier for the audience to know the product. In the desire aspects, content that displays various product advantages such as product variants and testimonials encourages the audience to make a purchase or action.
Komunikasi Visual Kajang Dalam Upacara Ngaben di Bali
Authors: Swandi I Wayan , Nuriarta I Wayan
Published: September 2023

Kajang is one of the essential elements in Balinese death rites. Kajang, as a symbol, has visual communication because it is a representation of the meanings of life. This research aims to classify the Kajang's appearance and interpret the Kajang's rerajahan from a visual communication perspective as the ceremony's spirit. The benefit of this research is that it can be used as a reference in classifying the visual appearance of awnings and is useful for understanding the meaning of awnings, so that awnings can be widely recognized by the Balinese people. The research method used is a critical qualitative method with the point of view of cultural studies.The results show that in the Hindu tradition, especially in Bali, Kajang is written in the Modre script and the Swalalita script and then placed on the curvature of the person to be incised. The types of Kajang in the composition of Ulaka Warih Ida Bhatara Dalem Benculuk Tegeh Kori, namely; (1) Kajang Klasa Walaka, (2) Kajang Pemijilan Walaka, (3) Kajang Kawitan Walaka, (4) Kajang Recedana Walaka, and (5) Kajang Sari/ Siwa Walaka. Kajang in Balinese Hindu tradition is a symbol (pengawak) of the spiritual and physical bodies of people who have died. In visual communication, Kajang is an illustration that explains a narrative of life. Religiously, the Kajang is a religious symbol with the meanings of human life.
Planning climate change adaptation in small and medium-sized towns – Results of preliminary research in southern Wielkopolska region
Authors: Kalbarczyk Eliza , Roszyk Mariusz
Published: September 2023

Urban adaptation to climate change is necessary. However, this process occurs mainly in big cities. In less populated areas, climate change adaptation actions are conducted and investigated less frequently.The goal of the study was to examine whether and what type of climate adaptation actions are planned in small and medium-size towns and whether town size is related to the advancement of adaptation planning. The research was carried out in 5 differently sized towns in southern Wielkopolska Region: Żerków, Koźmin Wielkopolski, Pleszew, Jarocin, and Ostrów Wielkopolski. The analysed materials were the minutes of town council sessions in 2017–2021 and the resolutions adopted by town councils. The resolutions were analysed in terms of reference to pro-climate actions. It was found that climate-related topics were addressed by 4-6% of the resolutions adopted by town councils. In most cases, the planned actions were related to the following sectors: transport, power engineering, and water management. The study found a link between town size and the number of documents addressing pro-climate actions.
History and actual problems of organ donation
Authors: Kovtun G.I. , Todurov B.M. , Kanyura O.A.
Published: September 2023

The review is devoted to the history of the development of organ transplantation and the analysis of models of organ transplantation in countries that are leaders in the field of transplantation. Organs transplantation abroad has become an effective method of treatment that saves lives, but it is also an indicator of the success of the country’s development as a whole, an important element of national pride and prestige. However, performing transplantations is associated with problems of an organizational, as well as legal, moral and ethical nature. The main problem is a shortage of donor organs. The review analyzes measures aimed at increasing the level of donation in the world and promoting the development of transplantology.
Analysis of the risk of early postoperative complications after Bentall procedure
Authors: Tymoshenko V.A. , Todurov B.M.
Published: September 2023

The aim – to investigate the frequency of early postoperative complications and to analyze possible predictors of the prolonged stay of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) after Bentall procedure.Materials and methods. In the study, the medical histories of adult patients (from 18 to 75 years old) who underwent Bentall procedure for ascending aortic aneurysm at the State Institution «Heart Institute of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine» between 2012 and 2021 were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analysis (logistic regression) was used to determine prognostic risk factors.Results. Patients with prolonged stay in intensive care unit were characterized by significantly older age (p = 0.005), more frequent presence of comorbidities of arterial hypertension (p = 0.044) and significantly lower initial values of glomerular filtration rate (p = 0.045). In addition, these patients were 3.6 times more likely (p = 0.0005) to use an autohemotransfusion device and almost 6 times more likely (p = 0.0037) to require rethoracotomy due to bleeding. Acute renal failure was recorded 4.3 times (p = 0.0002) and acute respiratory failure was recorded 3.3 times more often (p = 0.0004). The duration of mechanical ventilation (OR 1.204 (CI 1.053–1.377), p = 0.007) and the development of acute renal failure (OR 4.069 (CI 1.040–15.923), p = 0.044) were two independent predictors of prolonged stay of patients in ICU.Conclusions. For patients with risk factors for a prolonged ICU stay after surgery, more active treatment strategies before and after surgery are recommended to avoid possible complications and shorten hospital stay.
Early postoperative results after surgical aortic valve replacement concomitant with different methods of myocardial revascularization
Authors: Boyko K.S. , Todurov B.M.
Published: September 2023

The aim – to analyze the results of the early postoperative period of surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) combined with endovascular or surgical methods of myocardial revascularization.Materials and methods. For this retrospective study, a selection of medical records of adult patients (over 18 years of age) who underwent SAVR concomitant with myocardial revascularization in the period from 2018 to 2022 was carried out.Results and discussion. We selected 95 patients who were treated with SAVR with concomitant myocardial revascularization (the first group (n = 31) – a combination of SAVR and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI); the second group (n = 48) – a combination of SAVR and CABG). In patients of the first group, lesions of the main left coronary artery and the circumflex artery were recorded, respectively, by 24.85 % (p = 0.011) and by 23.7 % (p = 0.033) less often. Moreover, the patients of the first group required intraoperative use of more than two doses of blood red cell mass by 21.4 % less often (p = 0.046). In the early postoperative period, a lower level of bleeding was observed in patients of the first group compared to the second group (180 (150; 250) ml vs. 250 (200; 305) ml, p = 0.008).Conclusions. Patients who underwent PCI before SAVR were characterized by a shorter duration of surgery, cardiopulmonary bypass, and aortic cross-clamping, while no significant difference in major early postoperative complications was observed between the study groups.