bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Germline variation of Ribonuclease H2 genes in ovarian cancer patients
Authors: Polaczek Rahel , Schürmann Peter , Speith Lisa-Marie , Geffers Robert , Dürst Matthias , Hillemanns Peter , Park-Simon Tjoung-Won , Liebrich Clemens , Dörk Thilo
Published: December 2020

Epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) is a genetically heterogeneous disease that is partly driven by molecular defects in mismatch repair (MMR) or homology-directed DNA repair (HDR). Ribonuclease H2 serves to remove mis-incorporated ribonucleotides from DNA which alleviates HDR mechanisms and guides the MMR machinery. Although Ribonuclease H2 has been implicated in cancer, the role of germline variants for ovarian cancer is unknown. In the present case-control study, we sequenced the coding and flanking untranslated regions of the RNASEH2A, RNASEH2B and RNASEH2C genes, encoding all three subunits of Ribonuclease H2, in a total of 602 German patients with EOC and of 940 healthy females from the same population. We identified one patient with a truncating variant in RNASEH2B, p.C44X, resulting in a premature stop codon. This patient had high-grade serous EOC with an 8 years survival after platinum/taxane-based therapy. Subsequent analysis of TCGA data similarly showed a significantly longer progression-free survival in ovarian cancer patients with low RNASEH2B or RNASEH2C expression levels. In conclusion, loss-of-function variants in Ribonuclease H2 genes are not common predisposing factors in ovarian cancer but the possibility that they modulate therapeutic platinum response deserves further investigation.
Serum defensin levels in patients with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Gedik Tugce Emiroglu , Kucuk Hamit , Goker Berna , Haznedaroglu Seminur , Pasaoglu Hatice , Varan Ozkan , Ozturk Mehmet Akif , Pasaoglu Ozge Tugce , Tufan Abdurrahman
Published: December 2020

Background

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease characterized by fibrosis of skin and lung as well as involvement of kidney, gastrointestinal system and heart. Aetiology and exact mechanism of disease is poorly understood. The association between antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and other diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, diffuse panbronchiolitis, pulmoner alveolar proteinosis and psoriasis have been reported. A small number of studies have examined the role of AMPs on autoimmune diseases which has not been studied in scleroderma yet. We aimed to investigate AMP serum levels and their association with disease characteristics of SSc.

Methods

Forty-two patients (40 female, mean age 42 years) and 38 healthy subjects (32 female, mean age 38 years) were enrolled. For SSc patients, the following data were recorded: disease subset (limited/diffuse), autoantibodies (antinuclear, anti-centromere (ACA), and anti-SCL-70), blood tests, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP), modified Rodnan skin score, presence and history of digital ulcers, kidney, gastrointestinal disease and lung involvement assessed by computed tomography and pulmonary function tests. Association between serum AMPs and disease characteristics were analysed.

Results

Twenty-nine of the patients had diffuse (69%) and 13 of the patients had limited (31%) systemic sclerosis. Average disease duration was 5.5 years. Pulmonary involvement was detected in 20 patients (47.6%). Serum concentration of alpha defensin was higher than healthy subjects (563 ± 415 vs 377 ± 269 ng/mL,p = 0.02). However, no difference was observed for beta-1 and beta-2 defensins in SSc patients and healthy controls. In sub-group analysis patients with interstitial lung disease had higher levels of alpha defensin than those without lung involvement (684 ± 473 vs 430 ± 299 ng/ml,p = 0.04). There was also correlation between alfa defensin serum concentrations and CRP (r = 0.34).

Conclusions

Alpha defensin levels are increased in scleroderma patients and correlated with lung involvement indicating a role in the pathogenesis of disease.

Trial registration

This study is not a clinical trial study.
Dread Dialectics
Authors: Austin David
Published: December 2020

Rounding out a discussion of Moving Against the System: The 1968 Congress of Black Writers and the Making of Global Consciousness, the author engages in a dialogue with his respondents about the significance of the congress. This essay assesses the legacy of the 1968 congress as a manifestation of the black radical tradition and a critical involvement with socialism. Drawing on C. L. R. James and Sylvia Wynter, it argues that black freedom struggles in the Americas and Europe, including slave revolts, have been an essential part of the history of labor and freedom struggles. It also contends that race has been overdetermined in ways that have historically understated the centrality of black labor to the emergence of modern capitalism, to anticapitalist struggle, and to the movement for universal freedom and a more broadly defined socialism. The essay concludes by asserting that black radical politics pose a challenge to the color- and colonial-blindness of the conventional Left while at the same time reimaging what freedom can mean in the present.
Exploring the impact of blending differentiated instruction with linguistically appropriate practice towards a culturally and linguistically responsive pedagogy: An action research in a reception class
Authors: Dimadi Sophia , Vitsou Magdalini
Published: December 2020

Η παρούσα έρευνα δράσης πραγματεύεται την επίδραση της Διαφοροποιημένης Διδασκαλίας και της Γλωσσικά Κατάλληλης Πρακτικής στην εκπαίδευση μαθητών με μεταναστευτικό υπόβαθρο. Αντλώντας δεδομένα από το έργο ακαδημαϊκών (Tomlinson, Santamaria, Valiandes, Sfyroera, Chumak-Horbatsch), εξετάζεται το αποτέλεσμα της μίξης των δύο πρακτικών στη μαθησιακή διαδικασία και οι αντιλήψεις των μαθητών σχετικά με τη χρήση της νέας πρακτικής.Στο πλαίσιο αυτής της έρευνας, επτά μαθητές μεταναστευτικού υπόβαθρου (10-12 ετών), συμμετείχαν σε μια παρέμβαση πέντε ερευνητικών κύκλων. Η έρευνα διεξήχθη σε Τάξη Υποδοχής δημοτικού σχολείου του Πειραιά, την Άνοιξη του 2019. Η ερευνήτρια-εκπαιδευτικός μέσω συμμετοχικής παρατήρησης και ερευνητικών ημερολογίων συνέλεξε τα δεδομένα και αναστοχάστηκε πάνω στα αποτελέσματα κάθε κύκλου έρευνας. Συγκεντρώθηκαν επίσης ποιοτικά δεδομένα που προέκυψαν από τη συζήτηση της ομάδας εστίασης των μαθητών σχετικά με τις αντιλήψεις τους για τη νέα πρακτική.Τα ευρήματα έδειξαν ότι η Διαφοροποιημένη Διδασκαλία μέσα στο πλαίσιο της Πολιτισμικά και Γλωσσικά Ανταποκρινόμενης Παιδαγωγικής είχε θετικές επιδράσεις στους εκπαιδευόμενους όσον αφορά την εμπλοκή τους στην μαθησιακή διαδικασία, καθώς έδειξαν αυξημένα κίνητρα, οι διαπροσωπικές τους σχέσεις βελτιώθηκαν, ενώ όλοι δέχτηκαν τη νέα πρακτική χωρίς σοβαρούς δισταγμούς. Εκ μέρους των μαθητών, όλοι σχολίασαν θετικά τα πολλαπλά υλικά, την παιγνιώδη φύση των δραστηριοτήτων καθώς και την πολιτισμική και γλωσσική συνειδητοποίηση που προωθήθηκε.
Συντελεστές 6ου τεύχους
Authors: Λενακάκης Αντώνης
Published: December 2020

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Developing excellence in biostatistics leadership, training and science in Africa: How the Sub-Saharan Africa Consortium for Advanced Biostatistics (SSACAB) training unites expertise to deliver excellence
Authors: Chirwa Tobias F. , Matsena Zingoni Zvifadzo , Munyewende Pascalia , Manda Samuel O. , Mwambi Henry , Kandala Ngianga-Bakwin , Kinyanjui Samson , Young Taryn , Musenge Eustasius , Simbeye Jupiter , Musonda Patrick , Mahande Michael Johnson , Weke Patrick , Onyango Nelson Owuor , Kazembe Lawrence , Tumwesigye Nazarius Mbona , Zuma Khangelani , Yende-Zuma Nonhlanhla , Omanyondo  Ohambe Marie-Claire , Kweku Emmanuel Nakua , Maposa Innocent , Ayele Birhanu , Achia Thomas , Machekano Rhoderick , Thabane Lehana , Levin Jonathan , Eijkemans Marinus J.C. , Carpenter James , Chasela Charles , Klipstein-Grobusch Kerstin , Todd Jim
Published: December 2020

The increase in health research in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has led to a high demand for biostatisticians to develop study designs, contribute and apply statistical methods in data analyses. Initiatives exist to address the dearth in statistical capacity and lack of local biostatisticians in SSA health projects. The Sub-Saharan African Consortium for Advanced Biostatistics (SSACAB) led by African institutions was initiated to improve biostatistical capacity according to the needs identified by African institutions, through collaborative masters and doctoral training in biostatistics. SACCAB has created a critical mass of biostatisticians and a network of institutions over the last five years and has strengthened biostatistics resources and capacity for health research studies in SSA.  SSACAB comprises 11 universities and four research institutions which are supported by four European universities.  In 2015, only four universities had established Masters programmes in biostatistics and SSACAB supported the remaining seven to develop Masters programmes. In 2019 the University of the Witwatersrand became the first African institution to gain Royal Statistical Society accreditation for a Biostatistics Masters programme. A total of 150 fellows have been awarded scholarships to date of which 123 are Masters fellowships (41 female) of whom 58 have already graduated. Graduates have been employed in African academic (19) and research (15) institutions and 10 have enrolled for PhD studies. A total of 27 (10 female) PhD fellowships have been awarded; 4 of them are due to graduate by 2020. To date, SSACAB Masters and PhD students have published 17 and 31 peer-reviewed articles, respectively. SSACAB has also facilitated well-attended conferences, face-to-face and online short courses. Pooling of limited biostatistics resources in SSA combined with co-funding from external partners has shown to be an effective strategy for the development and teaching of advanced biostatistics methods, supervision and mentoring of PhD candidates.
Barriers and facilitators to the implementation of nutrition standards for school food: a mixed methods systematic review protocol
Authors: O'Mahony Breda , Kerins Claire , Murrin Celine , Kelly Colette
Published: December 2020

Background: The importance of nutrition during childhood and the high prevalence of child and adolescence obesity has resulted in several countries implementing nutritional standards for school food as a way of providing healthy school food environments. Yet there has been less focus on the barriers and facilitators influencing the process of implementing school food standards. This mixed methods systematic review aims to address this evidence gap by synthesising the empirical evidence on the factors that may influence implementation of school food standards.

Methods: This mixed methods systematic review will use qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods evidence from peer reviewed publications retrieved from the following databases; PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, EMBASE, Medline, PsycINFO and Web of Science. Grey literature will be accessed through Google Scholar, Open Access Theses and Dissertations, OpenGrey, RIAN, EThOS, ProQuest, WorldCat, Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations, and public health organisation websites will also be accessed. Screening reference lists and citation chaining of all included studies will also be undertaken. No restrictions on publication date or language will be applied, however, only primary research studies relevant to supply-side stakeholders will be eligible for inclusion. Study quality will be assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Study titles and abstracts will be screened to decide whether the full text manuscript should be retrieved. For screening reliability, a second review author will assess a random sample of 20%. Kappa statistics will be used to assess inter-rater reliability, with values of 0.75 and higher representing high agreement. Two authors will independently extract data and factors reported to influence implementation. This will be synthesized using the Theoretical Domains Framework.

Discussion: A comprehensive understanding of these factors can provide guidance to relevant stakeholders to enhance the adaption, implementation and sustainability of nutrition standards for school meals.

Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42019117904
ABOUT THE ECONOMY SECURITY INDICATORS OF THE ARCTIC REGIONS OF RUSSIA
Authors: Pobedonostseva Veronika , Pobedonostseva Galina
Published: December 2020

At the present, some one of the most vital questions became economic security issues of the Arctic zone of Russia. At the work characteristic of the correlation was revealed and security zones of separate socio-economic indicators of the Russian Arctic regions were established.
HISTORIA SOCIAL DE LA LENGUA DE LOS MUDÉJARES DE SEVILLA
Authors: Radoslavova Miteva Yuliya
Published: December 2020

El presente artículo intenta reconstruir la historia lingüística de la ciudad de Sevilla y su zona de influencia después de la Reconquista. En el siglo XIII, en la Andalucía del Guadalquivir, se produce una ruptura política, social y cultural. Se cierra la etapa andalusí en la historia de Sevilla y se inicia la etapa castellana. ¿Cómo vivió este cambio la población autóctona? ¿En qué condiciones se produjo el encuentro entre las dos comunidades lingüísticas: los arabófonos y los romanceparlantes? ¿Cuál fue el destino de los mudéjares y de la lengua árabe en Andalucía? Estas son algunas de las preguntas, cuya respuesta intentaremos encontrar en las páginas que siguen.
Learning-Based Robust Optimization: Procedures and Statistical Guarantees
Authors: Hong L. Jeff , Huang Zhiyuan , Lam Henry
Published: December 2020

Robust optimization (RO) is a common approach to tractably obtain safeguarding solutions for optimization problems with uncertain constraints. In this paper, we study a statistical framework to integrate data into RO based on learning a prediction set using (combinations of) geometric shapes that are compatible with established RO tools and on a simple data-splitting validation step that achieves finite-sample nonparametric statistical guarantees on feasibility. We demonstrate how our required sample size to achieve feasibility at a given confidence level is independent of the dimensions of both the decision space and the probability space governing the stochasticity, and we discuss some approaches to improve the objective performances while maintaining these dimension-free statistical feasibility guarantees.

This paper was accepted by Yinyu Ye, optimization.
Condições sociais e clínicas associadas à promoção de saúde em pacientes com fissuras labiopalatais atendidos em um centro de referência
Authors: Corsini Sarah Lindsen Souza , Carvalho Larissa Fátima , Araújo Lorena Carvalho , Moreira Karolinne Becker , Danziger Silvério Alessandra dos Santos , Bitencourt Santos Gérsika , Cerdeira Cláudio Daniel , Costa Lopes Asafe
Published: December 2020

Analisou-se através de prontuários e questionários semiestruturados os fatores sociodemográficos e clínicos que interferem na promoção de saúde de pacientes com fissuras labiopalatais (FLP), atendidos em um centro de referência no Sul de Minas Gerais, Brasil, entre 2016 e 2017. Entre os 202 pacientes, com idade de 1 a 10 anos, houve predominância do sexo masculino (62,38%), declarados leucoderma (82,67%) e pertencente a classe socioeconômica C (67,32%). O grupo sanguíneo O positivo foi o mais frequente. Quanto ao tipo de FLP, as pós-forame incompleto, pré-forame incompleto e transforame completa esquerda foram as mais comuns, e os tratamentos cirúrgicos mais frequentes foram a queiloplastia e a palatoplastia. Acompanhamento com fonoaudiólogo foi relatado pela maioria dos entrevistados. Quanto aos familiares, 70,8% das mães fizeram suplementação com ácido fólico durante a gestação e, 55,44% dos pacientes com FLP tiveram peso ao nascimento entre 3.000 e 4.000 gramas. Por outro lado, foi relatado em considerável frequência (30,7%) um histórico de familiares com alguma alteração craniofacial congênita, além de exposição ocupacional a teratógenos por uma parcela das mães. Quanto as comorbidades, as doenças respiratórias, alergias e anemia ocorreram em maior frequência. A frequência de pacientes com histórico familiar para alterações congênitas, associados à uma exposição ocupacional das mães, bem como as classes econômicas menos favorecidas sendo as mais suscetíveis à doença, são fatores que reforçam a plausível etiologia multifatorial das FLP. Ainda, fatores sociais e clínicos interferem na promoção de saúde dos pacientes com FLP.
Sucessão e gestão na atividade leiteira familiar
Authors: Zambias Larissa de Souza , Mera Claudia Maria Prudêncio de , Siqueira Lucas Carvalho
Published: December 2020

A produção de leite tem sido um dos principais pilares de sustentação das famílias no meio rural. Contudo, a falta de gestão e de sucessão familiar têm sido temas recorrentes no debate sobre os entraves ao fortalecimento da agricultura familiar, principalmente na atividade leiteira. Neste contexto, este trabalho teve como objetivo sistematizar e relatar a experiência de uma família de produtores de leite. O estudo foi realizado em uma propriedade rural, a Agropecuária Zambiasi, localizada no município de Coqueiros do Sul, na região Norte do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Para coleta das informações, foi realizada entrevista com a família, utilizado um roteiro semiestruturado, desenvolvido na disciplina de Gestão da Propriedade Rural, do Curso de Mestrado Profissional em Desenvolvimento Rural da Universidade de Cruz Alta. Pode-se dizer que, a gestão compartilhada, o controle dos indicadores zootécnicos e econômicos o incentivo ao estudo dos sucessores e a remuneração pelo seu trabalho, têm garantido a sustentabilidade da Agropecuária Zambiasi.
Behaviour Cloning for Autonomous Driving
Authors: Devi T. Kirthiga , Srivatsava Akshat , Mudgal Kritesh Kumar , Jayanti Ranjnish Raj , Karthick T.
Published: December 2020

The objective of this project is to automate the process of driving a car. The result of this project will surely reduce the number of hazards happening everyday. Our world is in progress and self driving car is on its way to reach consumer‟s door-step but the big question still lies that will people accept such a car which is fully automated and driverless. The idea is to create an autonomous Vehicle that uses only some sensors (collision detectors, temperature detectors etc.) and camera module to travel between destinations with minimal/no human intervention. The car will be using a trained Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) which would control the parameters that are required for smoothly driving a car. They are directly connected to the main steering mechanism and the output of the deep learning model will control the steering angle of the vehicle. Many algorithms like Lane Detection, Object Detection are used in tandem to provide the necessary functionalities in the car.
O potrzebie opracowania i koncepcji Systemu prawa rolnego
Authors: Budzinowski Roman
Published: December 2020

Celem rozważań jest wykazanie, że opracowanie Systemu prawa rolnego jest pożądane (potrzebne i użyteczne), a zarazem możliwe, oraz sformułowanie propozycji do dyskusji dotyczących koncepcji tego dzieła. Według autora warto wrócić do idei A. Stelmachowskiego sprzed ponad trzydziestu pięciu lat i przygotować takie opracowanie. Przemawia za tym wiele względów omówionych w artykule, a umożliwiają to zarówno uwarunkowania obiektywne, jak i subiektywne. Realizacja tak poważnego dzieła na pewno nie będzie łatwa, ale agraryści mają duże doświadczenie we wspólnej pracy nad różnymi przedsięwzięciami naukowymi, a także dostęp do opracowań zagranicznych, które mogą być wykorzystane jako wzór. Gdyby takie prace zostałyby teraz podjęte, to na przełomie lat 2022/2023 gotowy materiał zostałby złożony w wydawnictwie.
Z problematyki hodowli zwierząt gospodarskich w świetle nowych regulacji prawnych
Authors: Lipińska Izabela , Hasińska Izabela
Published: December 2020

Celem rozważań jest odpowiedź na pytanie, czy przyjęte na poziomie unijnym normy prawne w zakresie hodowli zwierząt gospodarskich służą jej właściwej organizacji oraz czy ustawodawca krajowy przewidział odpowiednie rozwiązania pozwalające na wykonywanie prawa Unii Europejskiej. Według autorek nastąpiło przekształcenie i pewne uproszczenie europejskiego prawodawstwa zootechnicznego, pozwalające na płynne i efektywne prowadzenie działalności hodowcom. Przyjęcie w kraju nowej ustawy o organizacji hodowli i rozrodzie zwierząt gospodarskich pozwala na pełne i prawidłowe wykonywanie rozporządzenia unijnego, a także zapewnienie trwałości prowadzenia hodowli zwierząt gospodarskich dzięki ciągłości prowadzenia ksiąg hodowlanych i rejestrów oraz prowadzenia oceny wartości użytkowej i genetycznej zwierząt.
Islam als Problem: Celal Nuri und Ahmed Hilmis (Filibeli) spätosmanischer Materialismusstreit
Authors: Imeri Enur
Published: December 2020

The so-called Materialismusstreit evolved in the second half of the 19th century as a new genre of popular literature and was carried out as a public debate mainly by German popularisers. In the Ottoman context, however, the reception of the Materialismusstreit demonstrates how a universalised perception of the West had already become the main frame of reference among secularly educated Ottoman intelligentsia in the course of late Ottoman modernity. This fact not only constitutively shaped their modern discourse on Islam. Moreover, it brought about at the same time fundamental semantic shifts in concepts holding a prominent role within the Islamicate epistemological tradition. Consequently, the entanglement between this abovementioned frame of reference and concepts inherited from a traditional knowledge order resulted in a conceptual rupture with the traditional epistemologies. In an attempt to exemplify the argument, this paper builds on a less-known dispute on materialism between Celal Nuri and Ahmed Hilmi (Filibeli), and shows the transformation in their usage of epistemic concepts such as ʿilm, fenn, and dīn, as well as their reception of the Orientalist Islam discourse. Prior to the analysis of two core primary sources, the first part of this paper elaborates on the theoretical and methodological modalities of making fruitful the intellectual output of late Ottoman modernity for a globally entangled intellectual history.
Ein Filmarchiv im digitalen Wandel – Die Cinémathèque suisse
Authors: Winzeler Seraina , Wegmann Daniela
Published: December 2020

In jüngster Zeit wurden die Forderungen auch an die Filmarchive lauter, Bestände per Video-Streaming abrufbar zu machen. Video-Streaming ist jedoch nur einer von vielen Arbeitsbereichen, die sich unter Eindruck der Digitalisierung verändern. Der Artikel diskutiert die Tätigkeiten der Cinémathèque suisse sowohl in ihrer historischen Tradition als auch angesichts gegenwärtiger Herausforderungen und stellt dabei aktuelle Entwicklungen und Projekte vor.
Bilder neu bewegen – Streaming als Baustein einer ganzheitlichen Strategie zur Zugänglichmachung des filmischen Erbes im DFF – Deutsches Filminstitut & Filmmuseum
Authors: Kleingers David
Published: December 2020

Streaming-Angebote sind derzeit ein allgegenwärtiges Thema, doch die aktuelle Diskussion greift dabei oft zu kurz. Dieser Beitrag betrachtet grundlegende Entwicklungen und Überlegungen in der Zugänglichmachung vom digitalen Bewegtbild aus der Perspektive einer filmwissenschaftlichen und filmkulturellen Institution, dem DFF – Deutsches Filminstitut & Filmmuseum, Frankfurt am Main, und skizziert, wie sich Video-Streaming als technische Kapazität in eine Strategie zur öffentlichen Vermittlung des Filmerbes einbringt.
Digitalisierung und filmwissenschaftliche Forschung
Authors: Flückiger Barbara , Bohn Anna
Published: December 2020

Mit der Digitalisierung des Films eröffnen sich neue Methoden und Forschungsfelder, denn die Wahrnehmung von Filmgeschichte hat sich durch diesen Umbruch nachhaltig verändert. Video-Streaming ist dabei eingebettet in einen Knotenpunkt zwischen Zugang zu Filmwerken, aber auch neuen Formen der Rezeption und Filmgeschichtsschreibung in Forschung und Lehre. Methoden und Werkzeuge der Digital Humanities sind ein vielversprechendes Feld für die Erforschung von Filmen, ihrer Geschichte, der Ästhetik und Narration. Entwicklungen in den Forschungsprojekten zu Filmfarben am Seminar für Filmwissenschaft der Universität Zürich zeigen exemplarisch auf, welche Potenziale mit den neuen Technologien und Ansätzen verbunden sind.
Development of FRIMAN – Supporting Tool for Object Oriented Programming Teaching
Authors: Sedlacek Peter , Kvet Marek , Václavková Monika
Published: December 2020

The main goal of this contribution is to present the current developmental state of FRIMAN – the graphical development environment designed to support the teaching process of the object-oriented paradigm. FRIMAN project has two main purposes: 1. simplifying the understanding of the basics of the object-oriented programming for JAVA language beginners, 2. teaching students of applied informatics to collaborate in bigger project development. Therefore, an application called FRIMAN has been developed at the Faculty of Management Science and Informatics at the University of Žilina. This project is developed by students of Master degrees under the leaderships of experienced software developers. The suggested system consists of several modules. In this paper, we focus on the description of selected modules and their current functionality as well as description of future plans for this project and brief description of FRIMAN development process. Attention is paid to a module for class management and a graphical code editor, which enables the creation of method bodies using flow diagrams without the necessity of programming language syntax knowledge. Based on good evaluation by the development team preparing changes in the high school education process, the current application is planned to be applied in practice.
Fano manifolds and stability of tangent bundles
Authors: Kanemitsu Akihiro
Published: December 2020

We determine the stability/instability of the tangent bundles of the Fano varieties in a certain class of two orbit varieties, which are classified by Pasquier in 2009.
As a consequence, we show that some of these varieties admit unstable tangent bundles, which disproves a conjecture on stability of tangent bundles of Fano manifolds.
Learning clinical reasoning from the fictional detectives
Authors: Centor Robert M. , Heudebert Alonso I.
Published: December 2020

While much diagnosis literature focuses on errors, our goal is to learn how to achieve diagnostic excellence. Before the explosion of cognitive psychology studies on errors, authors of fictional detectives understood the principles of arriving at the correct diagnosis (in their case the guilty party). Using quotes from many fictional detectives, we discuss a framework for diagnostic excellence. Understanding the implications of these quotes should help aspiring diagnosis experts on their path to excellence.
Quo Vadis Contract Management?
Authors: Schuhmann Ralph
Published: December 2020

The progressive automation of management and production processes is increasingly affecting the way contracts are handled. Although for contract automation more concepts are currently being discussed than actually applied, the outlines of what will be possible in the future have become apparent. They raise the questions of what challenges contract handling will have to cope with in the future and whether the concept of contract lifecycle management (CLM) provides a suitable framework for this task. To give answers to these questions, the present article analyses the impact of the pull-effects of new forms of business and the push-effects of technology on the function, content, representation and usage of contracts. The results indicate that these developments entail major changes in the way contracts are handled and that the CLM concept will only be able to address them with considerable adjustments.
Breaching the Interpretative Wall between Private and Public Commercial Contracts
Authors: Gausdal Maria Edith Lindholm
Published: December 2020

From a purely contractual perspective, this article reflects upon labour standard clauses with the objective to ensure that the fundamental ILO conventions and the International Bill of Human Rights are complied with throughout global value chains in respectively business-to-business (private), and public commercial contracts. The clauses are in both settings based widely on the same standards; however scholarship on the two types of contracts has been quite separate. The article reviews some Scandinavian case law concerning labour standard clauses and procurement regulation. It finds that contractual argumentation supported the outcome in these cases, isolates this argumentation, and reflects on whether contractual perspectives on the public contract might inspire current research on private contracts. It finally argues that an actual fusion is already taking place, wherefore contract lawyers may play an important role as to whether ‘the interpretative wall’ should be breached, or whether this is not feasible due to the distinctive characteristics of each contract.
Gravel roundness quantitative analysis for sedimentary microfacies of fan delta deposition, Baikouquan Formation, Mahu Depression, Northwestern China
Authors: Tao Jinyu , Zhang Changmin , Zhu Rui
Published: December 2020

Gravel roundness is one of the simple but crucial parameters in particle shape, which is related to the transportation and deposition of sediments. Based on the digital images of underground drilling cores, this study attempted to characterize and distinguish sedimentary microfacies by quantitatively test gravel roundness trends in the fan delta deposition of the Early Triassic Baikouquan Formation in Mahu Depression, Juggar Basin of China. By the new proposed de-flat roundness measurement, two major parameters are recorded to manifest the rounding degree, which is de-flat roundness value (Rdn) and the corresponding variance value. In the case study, roundness characteristics of four microfacies in the fan delta deposits are displayed and compared. Results show that braided channels and submerged distributary channels are characterized by better rounding (Rdn0.379 to 0.603, and 0.366 to 0.591, respectively) and smaller variance, while debris flow and submerged debris flow are characterized by worse rounding (Rdn0.333 to 0.405 and 0.256 to 0.391, respectively) and larger variance. In vertical of the roundness curves, channels deposits and gravity flow deposits reveal notable distinction in terms of the numeric ranges, fluctuation amplitude, and fluctuate frequency. It is interpreted to represent the different sedimentary processes during particle transport and deposit, as well as new clastics mixed in from other sources. Therefore, roundness could be a useful complementary data to provide quantitative sedimentological evidence and theoretical support for the study of coarse clastic depositional system.
Hurting Pockets: A Case Study of Peru’s Legal Obligations in Transparency and Justification of Public Expenditure in State Advertising
Authors: Calderon Andres , Ascue Adriana , Dibos Eduardo
Published: December 2020

Public procurement of advertising is a matter of constant debate in many countries around the world. At one point in Peru, during 2018, hiring private media outlets to broadcast or publish state advertising was prohibited by law. Taking into account the ensuing controversy in Peru, this study assesses state advertising investment in the South American country, and examines whether certain public entities (government ministries) have complied with the obligations of justification, transparency and prohibitions provided for by the law that regulates state advertising. The findings of this study point to a worrying level of noncompliance. We display these results in a systematized manner and complement them with a qualitative analysis of the justification given by public entities for spending on advertising, as well as the accountability they provide (or should provide) ex-post. This baseline study is essential to identify possible failings in the regulation of public procurement of advertising, as well as the bad practices of the state when budgeting for public expenditure on advertising campaigns. While the case study is based on the Peruvian experience, the findings can be used in many other jurisdictions as a roadmap for avoiding certain shortcomings in the regulation of state advertising.
National Human Rights Institutions: The Missing Link in Business and Human Rights Governance?
Authors: Jägers Nicola
Published: December 2020

In 2014, the United Nations established a working group to elaborate an international treaty on business and human rights. In October 2018, negotiations on a first draft of the actually text took place. Besides this zero-draft, the working group released the draft text of an Optional Protocol containing several institutional arrangements. The Optional Protocol carves out a key role for national implementation mechanisms to promote compliance with, monitor and implement the treaty on business and human rights. With such an institutional arrangement, the future treaty would join the ranks of what can be called a new generation of human right treaties which institutionalize a top down with a bottom up approach aiming to address the disjuncture between rules and practice. The Optional Protocol indicates that this role of national implementation mechanism could be taken up by National Human Rights Institutions (NHRIs). This follows an increased recognition of NHRIs as significant actors in the business and human rights domain. Yet, the role of NHRIs in human rights governance in general, and in the business and human rights field in particular, is not yet well understood and undertheorized. The aim of this article is to add insight into the role of NHRIs in business and human rights by, first, describing some of the current activities undertaken by NHRIs in this field in order to analyze whether the role ascribed to them is actually being taken up and what challenges NHRIs face. From this perspective, it will be discussed whether the role foreseen in the Optional Protocol of the future business and human rights treaty holds promise.
Use of phenomenography in nursing education research
Authors: McClenny Tammy Lynn
Published: December 2020

Objective

Phenomenography is a qualitative research method used to explore the different ways individuals experience phenomena. Over the last few decades, use of the research method grew in various higher education disciplines; however, use of the method for nursing education research was limited until early in the 21st century.Therefore, the purpose of this article is to describe the main ideas of phenomenography methodology and provide a simplified integrative review of the contributions to nursing education research.

Methods

Whittemore and Knafl (2005) five-step integrative review process was used to guide the literature search and evaluate findings of published works between 2009 and 2019.

Results

Thirteen articles, including one comprehensive literature review, were identified in the literature search.

Conclusion

Findings illustrated phenomenography methodology was used to evaluate and improve teaching and learning principles, complex faculty and student issues, curriculum and professional development, and educational practices within nursing education. Phenomenography research can be instrumental in providing a more realistic worldview of individual differing experiences of nursing education phenomena.
Concurrent administration of acetaminophen and ethanol: impact on mouse liver and testis
Authors: Aprioku Jonah Sydney , Gospel Precious
Published: December 2020

Objectives

Acetaminophen (paracetamol) and alcohol are widely consumed as analgesic/antipyretic and recreational agent, respectively. High doses of both agents induce liver and male reproductive toxicities. This study investigated the toxicological outcome of concurrent administration of paracetamol and ethanol in the liver and testis in mice.

Methods

Animals were gavaged paracetamol (250 mg/kg), ethanol (3 g/kg) or paracetamol + ethanol for 2 d. Some groups were sacrificed 12 h after the last dose, while others were sacrificed 21 d posttreatment for reversibility study. Control group received carboxymethylcellulose sodium (0.2%). Serum levels of liver biochemical indices and epididymal sperm were analysed. Histopathological analysis of the liver and testis were also performed.

Results

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and bilirubin in serum were elevated (p<0.001); whereas albumin and total protein were reduced (p<0.001) in paracetamol or ethanol groups compared to control. In the combination group, only mild elevation of ALT (p<0.05) was observed. Additionally, hepatocyte necrosis occurred in the livers of paracetamol and ethanol groups, while only mild inflammatory changes were seen in the combination group. All liver indices were normal in reversibility study animals. Furthermore, sperm count, motility, viability and morphology did not change in all treated animals, except that sperm count was decreased (p<0.05) in paracetamol group. Testis histology of all animal groups were normal.

Conclusions

The results demonstrated that simultaneous treatment with acute paracetamol and ethanol doses will possibly minimize hepatotoxicity and reduction of epididymal sperm reserve by the individual agents, and the toxicities are reversible.
TI subgroups and depth 3 subgroups in simple Suzuki groups
Authors: Janabi Hayder Abbas , Héthelyi László , Horváth Erzsébet
Published: December 2020

In this paper, we determine the TI subgroups of the simple Suzuki groups

Sz
⁢

(
q
)

\mathrm{Sz}(q)

.
More generally, we determine those nontrivial subgroups that are disjoint from some of their conjugates.
It turns out that the latter are exactly those subgroups that have ordinary depth 3.
The Sylow 2-subgroups of simple Suzuki groups belong to the class of so-called Suzuki 2-groups, which have been studied extensively by Higman.
These results were extended later by Goldschmidt, Shaw, Shult, Gross, Wilkens and Bryukhanova.
As a corollary of our investigations, we get some interesting results for the Sylow 2-subgroups of Suzuki groups, as well.
We relate this to an open problem on Suzuki 2-groups, and we ask a question concerning that.
We also give some characterization of Suzuki groups.
Severe multisystem organ dysfunction in an adolescent with simultaneous presentation of Addison’s and Graves’ disease
Authors: Graulich Bethany , Irizarry Krystal , Orlowski Craig , Wittlieb-Weber Carol A. , Weber David R.
Published: December 2020

Objectives

To report an unusual case of simultaneous presentation of Addison's and Graves' disease in an adolescent female previously diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and Hashimoto's.

Case presentation

A 15-year-old female with T1D and hypothyroidism presented to the emergency department with altered mental state, fever, and left arm weakness for one day. Clinical work-up revealed coexistent new-onset adrenal insufficiency and hyperthyroidism. Her clinical course was complicated by severe, life-threating multisystem organ dysfunction including neurologic deficits, acute kidney injury, and fluid overload. Thyroidectomy was ultimately performed in the setting of persistent signs of adrenal crises and resulted in rapid clinical improvement.

Conclusions

Endocrinopathy should be included in the differential diagnosis of altered mental status. This case additionally illustrates the challenges of managing adrenal insufficiency in the setting of hyperthyroidism and supports the use of thyroidectomy in this situation.
A multimodal analysis of the representation of the Rohingya crisis in BBC’s Burma with Simon Reeve (2018): Integrating Audience Research in Multimodal Critical Discourse Studies
Authors: Castaldi Jacopo
Published: December 2020

The paper proposes the integration of Audience Research in Multimodal Critical Discourse Studies to investigate media discourse. The novel approach is exemplified through a case study: the media interaction between one viewer and the text of his choice, BBC’s travel documentary Burma with Simon Reeve. The qualitative research design incorporates a pre- and after-viewing questionnaire, an interview and the multimodal textual analysis. The analytical focus is on the representation of social actors and it is argued that, through this integrated approach, it is possible to explore media effects on an audience by using the cognitive concepts of contextual effects, adapted from Relevance Theory, and ideological effects, a concept derived from the former and modelled around van Dijk’s definition of ideology.
Computational studies of biologically active alkaloids of plant origin: an overview
Authors: Bilonda Mireille K. , Mammino Liliana
Published: December 2020

Computational studies nowadays constitute a crucial source of information for drug development, because they provide information on many molecular properties and also enable predictions of the properties of not-yet-synthesized compounds. Alkaloids are a vast group of natural products exhibiting a variety of biological activities, many of which are interesting for drug development. On the other hand, computational studies of biologically active alkaloids have so far mostly focused on few particularly relevant or “popular” molecules, such as quinine, caffeine, or cocaine, with only few works on the other molecules. The present work offers an overview of existing computational studies on alkaloid molecules, from the earliest ones to the most recent, and considering all the theoretical approaches with which studies have been performed (both quantum mechanics and molecular dynamics). The considered studies are grouped according to their objectives and outcomes, such as conformational analysis of alkaloid molecules, effects of selected solvents on their properties, docking studies aimed at better understanding of the interactions between alkaloid molecules and biological targets, studies focusing on structure activity relationships, and computational studies performed to confirm experimental results. It is concluded that it would be important that computational studies on many other alkaloid molecules are performed and their results made available, covering their different classes as well as the variety of their biological activities, to attain better understanding of the properties not only of individual molecules, but also of groups of related molecules and of the overall alkaloids family.
Today's Market Needs Modernized Property Appraisers
Authors: Źróbek Sabina , Kucharska-Stasiak Ewa , Renigier-Biłozor Małgorzata
Published: December 2020

The article identifies and provides a synthetic overview of various concepts relating to the evolution of the real estate market and property valuation. According to the authors, the processes observed on the real estate market necessitate changes in training programs for property valuers. Real estate appraisers should be able to cope with new consumer expectations and requirements, and they should be well versed in modern technological solutions and analytical tools. The study indicates that, in order to face the challenges of the modern world, the appraisal profession should undergo a paradigm shift to embrace the fact that real estate is a commodity and that globalization is inevitable on the real estate market. Due to the high value of urban areas, a modern specialist determining the value of real estate is particularly needed there. Property valuers should develop new analytical skills, and they should rely on modern data processing tools to collect and process information. Additionally, recent events, including the COVID-19 pandemic, demonstrate that property appraisers should be better prepared for dealing with unprecedented circumstances. The training curricula proposed in this article should increase property valuers’ competencies and effectively support real estate market entities and sustainable urban development.
Verhindertes Erzählen*
Authors: von Stein Juana Christina
Published: December 2020

The small oeuvre of Juan Rulfo has triggered myriad interpretations, ranging from a view of the texts as great examples of Latin American magical realism, to a classification of the works as the endpoint of revolutionary literature. The following article investigates the unconventional narrative structure of Rulfo’s texts, which enabled this heterogeneous reception. As will be shown primarily in a close examination of Rulfo’s most famous short story “Luvina”, the Mexican writer’s dominant technique can be described as a continuous combination of ellipsis and recurrence.
A tentative analysis of legal terminology diachronic changes and the problem of communication effectiveness in legal settings
Authors: Matulewska Aleksandra , Trzaskawka Paula
Published: December 2020

The aim of the paper is to present the diachronic changes taking place in legal languages and discuss whether the translators, who for some reason use as an equivalent an obsolete term, may produce a target text which is communicatively ineffective. The research methods applied encompass: the parametric approach to the interlingual comparison of legal terminology for translation purposes, the analysis of pertinent literature on translation and translation errors, the analysis of comparable texts for the purpose of observing diachronic changes in terminology. The diachronic change in terminology most frequently is the result of the amendments of legislation or repealing one act and replacing it with a new one. The terminological changes are especially frequent when the change in the political system occurs and the need appears to adjust the legal system to the new political ideology and principles. For that reason, the authors have analysed in detail three Polish acts on copyright enacted under three different political regimes that is to say (i) after the First World War when Poland regained independence after 123 years of occupation (Act of 29 March 1926 on Copyrights [Ustawa z dnia 29 marca 1926 r. o prawie autorskiem]), (ii) under the communist rule in Poland that lasted from 1945 until 1989 (Act of 10 July 1952 on Copyrights [Ustawa z dnia 10 lipca 1952 r. o prawie autorskim]), and finally (iii) after the collapse of communism in Poland and the period of transition into the democratic and free market society (Act on Copyrights and Related Rights of 4 February 1994 [Ustawa o prawie autorskim i prawach pokrewnych z dnia 4 lutego 1994 roku]). Apart from the main Polish corpus of above-mentioned acts, the authors have also provided examples from some other languages to confirm that the diachronic changes take place everywhere and miscommunication problems resulting from using an obsolete term in translation may occur in any pair of languages. In the last part of the paper the problem of the scale of miscommunication resulting from the usage of obsolete terminology in the target text is discussed.