bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
الجلسة الأولى لانعقاد مجلس النواب في ظل دستور جمهورية العراق لعام 2005
Authors: طالب مصدق عادل
Published: March 2022

يهدف هذا البحث الى معالجة التنظيم الدستوري والقانوني للجلسة الأولى لانعقاد مجلس النواب، يستوي في ذلك من النواحي الإجرائية والموضوعية، فضلاً عن معالجة الإشكاليات العملية المرتبطة بهذه الجلسة وآثارها فيما يتعلق بتحديد مدة ولاية مجلس النواب ورئيس الجمهورية ومجلس الوزراء.

ولا يقتصر الامر عند هذا الحد فحسب، بل استعرض هذا البحث موقف بعض الدساتير العراقية والمقارنة من الجلسة الأولى للبرلمان، وتحديد الإجراءات السابقة او المعاصرة او اللاحقة على عقد الجلسة الأولى، ومقارنة الواقع الدستوري النظري مع الواقع السياسي العملي من أجل إعطاء صورة متكاملة عن سير عملية تشكيل المؤسسات الدستوري، ومعالجة الأثر المترتب على مخالفة هذه الأحكام.
[Reseña del libro] Literatura infantil y lectura dialógica. La formación de educadores desde la investigación
Authors: Ibáñez Quintana Jaime
Published: March 2022

Amando López Valero, Eduardo Encabo Fernández, Isabel Jerez Martínez y Lourdes Hernández Delgado (2021). Literatura infantil y lectura dialógica. La formación de educadores desde la investigación. Barcelona: Ediciones Octaedro, 140 páginas. ISBN: 978-84-18819-40-7.

El libro aborda con brillantez, desde el ámbito de la Didáctica de la Lengua y la Literatura, la teoría, la práctica, la experimentación y la investigación en la literatura infantil y la lectura, posibilitando a las/os educadoras/es trabajar la comunicación literaria y el enfoque crítico de las mismas...
Enhancement of ferroelectricity in sputtered HZO thin films by catalytically generated atomic hydrogen treatment
Authors: Mohit  , Wen Yuli , Hara Yuki , Migita Shinji , Ota Hiroyuki , Morita Yukinori , Ohdaira Keisuke , Tokumitsu Eisuke
Published: March 2022

Effects of catalytically generated atomic hydrogen (Cat-H) treatment on electrical properties of 10 nm thick sputtered hafnium-zirconium-oxide (HZO) films have been investigated. It is demonstrated that the Cat-H treatment to the as-deposited sputtered HZO film is effective to stabilize the metastable ferroelectric orthorhombic phase after crystallization. The enhancement of ferroelectricity by the Cat-H treatment is observed for the sputtered HZO films crystalized at a reduced pressure of 100 Pa, nitrogen and air, and the enhancement is pronounced for the films crystallized in nitrogen and air ambient. In addition, it is found that the Cat-H treatment also improves the stability against re-annealing.
Ab initio study for orientation dependence of nitrogen incorporation at 4H-SiC/SiO2 interfaces
Authors: Akiyama Toru , Shimizu Tsunashi , Ito Tomonori , Kageshima Hiroyuki , Chokawa Kenta , Shiraishi Kenji
Published: March 2022

The incorporation behavior of N atoms at the 4H-SiC/SiO2 interface is theoretically investigated on the basis of ab initio calculations. We find that the incorporation energy of N atoms at the Si-face interface is ranging from −1.87 to −1.12 eV, which is much higher than those at the C-face and m-face interfaces. Furthermore, the incorporation of O atoms of NO molecules at the Si-face interface leads to the desorption of N atoms as N2 molecules when the areal density of N atoms is larger than 3 × 1014 cm−2, while the incorporation of N atoms of NO molecules preferentially occurs on the C-face (m-face) interface until the areal density of N atoms is less than 2 × 1015 (1 × 1015) cm−2. The calculated results suggest that the difference in the reaction energies depending on the plane orientation and the competition between N-incorporation and N2 desorption are important for understandings of the atom-scale mechanism of N-incorporation behavior at 4H-SiC/SiO2 interfaces.
Simulations of novel compact separator for extracting specific reactive ions from large plasma source
Authors: Kanki Takashi , Himura Haruhiko
Published: March 2022

A new remote dry processing with a focusing and deflection system is proposed to accurately control the energy, flux, and arrival position of reactive particle species on the nanoscale. The trajectory simulations of the negative ion extraction and transport for designing a compact separator based on the concept are performed using the SIMION software. In the compact separator, the ion beam extracted from a plasma source can be deflected in two stages through two pairs of magnets by selecting only specific ions so that it can be laterally drawn out. It is shown from the results of the simulation that the ion beams with good focusing properties, high directivity, and a sufficient current amount can be successfully extracted from the plasma source and transported to the reactor vessel through the focusing and deflection system.
Magnetic driven tentacles for bio-mimic motion
Authors: Murakami Toshiki , Tsumori Fujio
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we introduce our developed magnetically actuated artificial tentacles. Tentacles are found in nature, for example, in cuttlefish, octopus, and jellyfish. These natural tentacles have flexibility without skeletons or joints and can move in complex ways. In the present work, we propose an actuation system for the complicated motion of the tentacles and developed a method to fabricate an artificial tentacle composed of a silicone elastomer and hard magnetic particles. The present tentacles could be actuated and controlled by an applied rotating magnetic field. A 2-dimensional simulation system was also developed to predict the motion of the artificial tentacles. The simulated results showed good agreement with experimental data. Finally, an artificial tentacle was prepared to show that the tip of the structure was controlled to draw some motion. A periodic circular motion was demonstrated as an example.
ОСНОВНЫЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО И ДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ РЕСПУБЛИКИ МОЛДОВА В СОСТАВЕ СССР И ПОСЛЕ ЕГО РАСПАДА
Authors: Mihail Poisic
Published: March 2022

In cadrul sesiunii ”Migrația, schimbari demografice: abordare interdisciplinara” au fost discutate cele mai actuale probleme demografice cu care se confrunta țarile din Europa de Est. Cercetarorii din Republica Moldova, precum și cei din Romania, Rusia, Ucraina, Belarus și-au impartașit experiența privind studierea fenomenelor demografice, precum și cea de elaborare a recomandarilor pentru factorii de decizie. Aria tematica a rapoartelor este destul de vasta, oferind un tablou complex privind schimbarile demografice și impactul lor asupra economiilor naționale. In comparație cu alte țari din regiune, in Republica Moldova, una dintre cele mai ingrijoratoare evoluții prezinta declinul continuu al populației și imbatranirea demografica ce afecteaza sustenabilitatea socioeconomica, nivelul de trai al populației și securitatea naționala. Impactul negativ al pandemiei Covid-19 asupra economiei naționale a agravat situația, provocand creșterea inegalitații in nivelul și calitatea vieții, astfel este puțin probabil ca migrația va diminua. Cel mai ingrijorator fenomen il constituie migrația populației tinere la studii, in cautarea unui loc de munca sau pentru stabilirea cu traiul permanent, provocand un dezechilibru pronunțat in structura populației și pierderea potențialului uman. Pandemia Covid-19 a exacerbat situația in domeniul sanatații, iar creșterea mortalitații excesive a dus la majorarea sporului natural negativ. Scaderea continua a numarului de nașteri ca rezultat al scaderii populației și reducerii contingentului femeilor de varsta reproductiva are consecințe negative multiple, afectand structura populației, cererea și oferta pe piața forței de munca, raportul intre populația apta de munca și cea inapta etc. Astfel, scaderea natalitații va determina creșterea cererii de angajați de varsta pre-pensionara, ceea ce implica necesitatea recalificarii acestora, crearii condițiilor speciale la locul de munca. In acest context, o importanța majora prezinta raportarea politicilor publice la schimbarile demografice, precum și dezvoltarea unor politici speciale de redresare a situației. Rapoartele prezentate in aceasta culegere aduc o contribuție speciala in reflectarea științifica a schimbarilor demografice, evidențierea impactului pandemiei Covid-19 și altor aspecte.
THE TWO SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM HAPLOTYPES ON CHROMOSOME 15 OF THE HERC2 AND OCA2 GENES OF THE COLOR VARIATION OF THE HUMAN EYE IN A SAMPLE OF IRAQI POPULATION
Authors: N. Tabarek M. , Alkazaz A. K. A.
Published: March 2022

This study was aimed to identify the role of the single nucleotide polymorphism genes on the contrast of three groups (Dark-Brown, hazel and blue) of human eye color among a sample of Iraqi people specifically single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs); the rs12913832 of HERC2 gene and the rs1800407 of OCA2 gene, for 90 human blood samples of different people were collected from College of Science, University of Baghdad and also people from different areas of Baghdad, Iraq. These SNPs were analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The results of the rs12913832 and rs1800407 genotype showed significant differences (p <0.05) in the blue eye color groups. the rs12913832 of HERC2; rs1800407 of the OCA2 genotypes and allele frequencies in contrast to the dark brown and blue iris group showed that there was significant variation in the heterozygous genotype frequencies, while these SNPs in contrast to the dark brown and hazel iris group showed a non-significant effect in a sample of Iraqi population. The haplotype statistical analysis shows strongly Linkage disequilibrium (LD) between the rs12913832 of HERC2 gene and the rs1800407 of OCA2 gene in dark-brown, hazel and blue eye color subjects.
Impacto clínico de un grupo de discusión multidisciplinaria en el diagnóstico de fibrosis pulmonar idiopática en Colombia
Authors: González Mauricio , Rincón-Alvarez Emily , Rodríguez-Cortés Camilo , Linares-Contreras Maria Fernanda , Durán-Silva Mauricio , Pérez-Alvarado Carolina , Mugnier-Quijano Jacqueline , Vargas-Ramírez Leslie
Published: March 2022

Introducción: La fibrosis pulmonar idiopática (FPI) es una enfermedad pulmonar intersticial (EPID) de mal pronóstico, considerada huérfana en Colombia. Un diagnóstico correcto tiene implicaciones para el paciente y los costos de atención. Los grupos de discusión multidisciplinaria (GDM) se consideran el estándar de oro en el diagnóstico. No hay estudios previos en Colombia de la experiencia de un GDM.

Objetivos: Evaluar el impacto de un GDM en una institución de 4° nivel en Bogotá en cambio de diagnóstico de pacientes con EPID y la concordancia entre el diagnóstico inicial y el diagnóstico final de FPI.

Materiales y métodos: Pacientes con EPID evaluados entre 2015-2018 por el GDM conformado por neumólogos, radiólogo, patólogo y reumatólogos. Criterios ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT de diagnóstico de FPI. Descripción del cambio en el diagnóstico y concordancia entre el diagnóstico inicial y del GDM en FPI.

Resultados: De 165 pacientes con EPID se cambió el diagnóstico en 35,2%. En 77,3% con diagnóstico inicial de FPI y en 6,7% con diagnóstico inicial diferente a FPI se confirmó FPI por el GDM. Al descartar FPI, los principales diagnósticos fueron neumonitis de hipersensibilidad en fase crónica (29,4%) y neumonía intersticial no específica (23,5%). El índice kappa entre el diagnóstico inicial y final de FPI fue 0,71 (0,60-0,82).

Conclusiones: El GDM en EPID tuvo un importante impacto clínico demostrado por un alto porcentaje de cambió del diagnóstico de remisión. Se descartó el diagnóstico inicial de FPI en un porcentaje significativo de pacientes y se ratificó en un grupo menor sin esta sospecha clínica inicial
Experiencia en diagnóstico de tuberculosis meníngea por pruebas moleculares comparado con cultivo en un hospital de alta complejidad en Cali, Colombia
Authors: Escobar Mera Maria Antonia , Aguilar Molina Oswaldo enrique , Vallejo sERNA Raúl Andrés , Valdez Moreno Miguel Alejandro , Martínez Buitrago Ernesto
Published: March 2022

Introducción: La tuberculosis es una de las enfermedades infecciosas de mayor distribución mundial y la tuberculosis meníngea es una de sus manifestaciones más devastadoras.  Su diagnóstico y confirmación microbiológica no siempre es fácil.

Objetivo: Describir la experiencia en el diagnóstico de tuberculosis meníngea por pruebas moleculares comparado con cultivo, caracterizando las principales manifestaciones clínicas y determinar los factores asociados a mortalidad.

Métodos: Identificamos retrospectivamente a los pacientes adultos con diagnóstico de tuberculosis meníngea, mediante técnicas de pruebas moleculares y/o cultivo para M. tuberculosis, que ingresaron en nuestra institución entre enero de 2018 y marzo de 2020, se realizó un análisis estadístico descriptivo.  Se excluyeron mujeres gestantes, pacientes que no contaran con prueba molecular para M. tuberculosis.

Resultados: Se obtuvo una muestra de 33 pacientes, los hallazgos más relevantes en el citoquímico de líquido cefalorraquídeo (LCR) fue la presencia de hipoglucorraquia, con una mediana de 34,2 mg/dl (RIQ 2,0-95,0 mg/dl) y de hiperproteinorraquia, con mediana de 265 mg/dl  (RIQ 24,0-600 mg/dl). El resultado más significativo fue la presencia de proteína C reactiva elevada en suero en todos los casos, con una mediana de 53,3 mg/L (RIQ 22,9 - 89,6 mg/L) y neutrofilia en 75.8% (25). La mortalidad fue de 54.5% (18), la sensibilidad de la prueba molecular en LCR fue del 38,46% y el valor predictivo positivo de 58,82%.

Conclusiones: El diagnóstico de TB meníngea sigue siendo todo un reto, aunque las pruebas moleculares pueden ayudar en el diagnóstico temprano, su sensibilidad es baja en formas extrapulmonares.
Sinopsis de estudios primarios
Authors: Rodríguez Rodolfo
Published: March 2022

El crecimiento exponencial de la información biomédica en los últimos años ha hecho que la tarea de mantenerse actualizado sea compleja debido a la masiva información a la que se puede acceder a través de la web. Hoy en día, conocer los fundamentos de las denominadas sinopsis de estudios primarios y su utilidad en el contexto de la práctica clínica y la medicina basada en la evidencia es de gran relevancia para la práctica diaria de estudiantes y médico en ejercicio. El presente artículo pretende ser una herramienta tanto para quienes se inician en el mundo de la medicina basada en la evidencia como para quienes desean extender su conocimiento en torno a las sinopsis de estudios dentro del modelo piramidal de recursos de información. Los orígenes del modelo piramidal 6s se describen de forma puntual, se explica lo concerniente a las sinopsis de estudios y se aporta información sobre los principales sitios online para acceder a estos recursos
inconstitucionalidad de las consultas populares realizadas por Andrés Manuel López Obrador en los años 2018-2021
Authors: Folino González Maria Fiona
Published: March 2022

A lo largo de los años hemos podido observar la evolución que ha surgido en el mundo respecto del reconocimiento de los derechos humanos, entre ellos el derecho a la participación política y el derecho a la participación ciudadana. El mecanismo de participación ciudadana ha sido indispensable y trascendental en la construcción de una democracia, sin embargo, la intervención de la política, la cual se ha mantenido íntimamente relacionada con el Derecho, en ocasiones ha generado complicaciones para logar implementar e impulsar la cultura democrática. En el presente trabajo me enfocaré en analizar a la luz de lo establecido en la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos (“CPEUM”), en la Ley Federal de Consulta Popular (“LFCP”), y en la doctrina jurídica qué se considera una consulta popular, las reformas que ha sufrido dicho concepto, los requisitos y procedimientos para realizar una consulta popular, en qué momentos se pueden llevar a cabo, sobre qué temas, si son vinculantes o no, cómo se puede identificar y determinar su constitucionalidad o inconstitucionalidad y quién la determina.
devenir del ciberespacio como medio de comunicación e interacción, una revisión documental a través de los usos comunicacionales de la plataforma sociodigital Facebook como medio social
Authors: Sánchez Hernández Francisco Xavier
Published: March 2022

El ciberespacio se encuentra en expansión tanto por las actividades sociodigitales que ahí ocurren, como por los usos que las personas, instituciones y empresas le dan. Compuesto de una estructura digital ilimitada, ofrece diversos servicios para diferentes áreas del quehacer humano. Una de estas formas de interacción son las redes sociodigitales, que se erigen como parte de los medios digitales sociales. El objetivo es revisar, contrastar y destacar hallazgos de diferentes estudios respecto a los usos comunicacionales de Facebook, atendiendo a los principales enfoques para analizar el fenómeno. La metodología realizada fue una de artículos de investigación académica en diferentes plataformas científicas y revistas indexadas buscando las características, las temáticas y usos que se dan a Facebook como medio de comunicación. Los resultados presentan una utilización heterogénea de la plataforma, sin embargo, aunque se observa un fuerte uso del medio aún faltan por construir estrategias adecuadas de comunicación y aprovechar mejor el recurso a nivel interactivo.
Análisis de experiencias y significados respecto al consumo de productos ecológicos con base en la Comunicación Estratégica
Authors: Rodríguez Alcala Nancy , Valenzuela Gómez Erika
Published: March 2022

A partir de las experiencias y significados que construyen jóvenes universitarios de Baja California ante el fenómeno del consumo de productos ecológicos a través de Facebook, se realizó un análisis con base en la Comunicación Estratégica sobre los métodos de comunicación que utilizan organizaciones ambientales en Tijuana con el objetivo de conocer qué estrategias podrían implementar para que más jóvenes desarrollen este tipo de consumo. Después de observar por medio de la etnografía virtual y entrevistar a estudiantes de nivel superior y a miembros de estas organizaciones, se concluyó que estas últimas comunican linealmente dejando de lado la interacción con sus clientes, lo cual es parte fundamental en la Comunicación Estratégica, pues esto permitiría darle un sentido ecológico y de responsabilidad social a los productos, en lugar de reducir su sentido a sólo un acto por moda o distinción social.
TUBERCULOSIS OF SPINE: CLINICO-RADIOLOGICAL OUTCOMES , COHORT STUDY IN A TERTIARY CENTER
Authors: Swamy . B Mallikarjuna , Mathews Philip Kevin , N V Ankith , S Srinivasalu. , Shekoba Mahesh
Published: March 2022

Background: Tuberculosis of the spine is one of the most common spine pathology in developing nations. This study highlights the special
considerations that need to be taken into account while tackling the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges posed by this disease.
Materials And Methods: A cohort of patients (n=32) diagnosed and treated as TB spine were included in the study. Among 32 patients, 17 (53.1%)
were manged conservatively with anti-tubercular therapy (ATT), 15 (46.8%) were manged with surgical intervention + ATT. Patients were
followed up with serial ESR, CRP, Liver function test (LFT), plain radiographs at regular intervals of 2months, 3months, 6months, 9months and 12
months. Functional outcome on Japanese orthopaedic association (JOA) scale and pain assessment with Visual analogue score (VAS) were
documented at each visit. Assessment of fusion at the operated level was done by Bridwell classication in surgically managed patients.
Results: Thoracic spine (n=13) was the most common site of involvement followed by the thoracolumbar (n=4), lumbar (n=10) and lumbosacral
(n=5) region. 18 (56.2%) patients had signicant neurological decits (11-motor and 7 -sensory) at presentation. On laboratory work up, the mean
CRP and ESR values at presentation were 4.43 ± 5.18 mg/dl and 51.75 ± 25.54 mm/hr respectively. Focal kyphosis was noted in 14 (40.3%) patients
with a mean kyphosis of 26.330(+/- 6.70). There was steady improvement in the JOA scores accompanied by a decline in the VAS score at
subsequent follow ups. There was no signicant difference between the conservative and surgical group at nal follow up.
Conclusion: Early diagnosis of tuberculous affection of spine is challenging and requires high index of suspicion. Timely diagnosis and prompt
treatment is necessary to prevent neurological complications and to minimize spinal deformity.
A STUDY ON PROTEINURIA AS AN EARLY INDICATOR OF SYSTEMIC ENVENOMATION IN SNAKE BITE
Authors: Manoj Bukkapindi , Kumar Reddy B. Sarath
Published: March 2022

Background: Snakebite is an important public health concern in developing countries. In India, it is estimated that 45900 deaths occur annually
due to snake bites. Various studies have shown conicting views on the importance of proteinuria in venomous snake bites. Hence, this study
intends to study proteinuria and assess whether it can serve as a reliable early indicator of systemic envenomation in snakebites.
The objective of the study:To study the value of proteinuria as an early indicator of systemic envenomation in snakebite.
Methodology: A Hospital-based Descriptive study was conducted in the Department of General Medicine, Santhiram Medical College, and
General Hospital for six months after approval from the Hospital Ethics and Research Committee.
Patients above 18 years presenting with an alleged history of snakebite were included in the study. Urine for proteinuria was tested using the
dipstick method and followed up at 0, 6, 12, 18 and 24hours. A total of 60 patients were included in the study.
Results: Out of 60 patients included in the study, the majority (64%) of the patients were in the age group of 18-50 years. The dorsum of the right
foot was the most common site of bite amongst the patients. Proteinuria had a signicant correlation with deranged bleeding and renal parameters.
Interpretation and conclusion- In the present study, it is evident that proteinuria was seen in patients with prolonged WBCT and deranged
PT/APTT/INR, and it is observed that proteinuria appeared even before a clotting defect was detectable. Hence it would be of paramount
importance to consider proteinuria as an indicator of systemic envenomation in snake bites.
STUDY ON RISK FACTORS FOR RELAPSE IN CHILDHOOD NEPHROTIC SYNDROME IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE OF EASTERN INDIA
Authors: Biswas Moumita , Kanti Das Mrinal , Kumar Sinha Malay
Published: March 2022

Background: Nephrotic syndrome is a common renal disease in children characterised by massive proteinuria,hypoalbuminemia(serum albumin
<2.5g/dl),hyperlipidemia(serum cholesterol>200mg/dl) and edema.It has high propensity for relapse.Approximately 80-90%of steroid sensitive
nephrotic syndrome patients experience one or more relapses during their lifetime. So,the main problem in such disease is relapses and their
association with complications of disease or side effects of drugs like steroid used in treatment.An understanding of risk factors that determine the
course,is useful in taking decisions regarding therapy and counselling of parents.Ascarcity of reported data on risk factors for relapse from eastern
India prompted to carry out this study in a tertiary care hospital.
Aims And Objectives:To determine different risk factors for relapse in childhood nephrotic syndrome.
Materials And Method: A retrospective analysis of medical records of children with steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome of 1-12 years of
age,with history of disease onset atleast 1 year back,attending inpatient and outpatient department of Pediatric medicine,IPGME&R,Kolkata was
carried out from February 2016 –July 2017 after obtaining ethical clearance from Instituitional Ethics committee and written informed consent
from parents.
Results: Records of 60 children with SSNS were reviewed.The mean age of the study population was7.3±2.7 years. Boys constituted 63.3% &
girls constituted 36.7% of total study population. 23 patients were included in FRNS/SDNS group,rest 37 patients were in IFRNS/No relapse
group.Data were analyzed by using SPSS 20.0.1 programme and Graph Pad Prism version 5. Chi-square test & Two-sample t-tests were used as
statistical test & p value <0.05 was taken as signicant.Compared to IFRNS/No relapse,patients with FRNS/SDNS had signicantly more
infections during 1st episode,more association with massive edema, more number of patients with inadequate duration of treatment (<8weeks or
irregular) and longer achievement of remission(14.3±2.7 days vs10±2.1),shorter steroid free time interval between completion of treatment of 1st
attack & onset of 1st relapse.FRNS group had signicantly less serum albumin(1.68±0.202 vs 2.05±0.17g/dl) during disease onset than IFRNS/No
relapse group.
Conclusion: Presence of infection & massive edema during disease onset, inadequate initial treatment,prolonged achievement of remission,low
serum albumin during disease onset ,short steroid free time interval between completion of treatment of 1st attack &onset of 1st relapse were
observed as statistically signicant risk factors for frequently relapse.These observations need to be validated by multicenter prospective study
with larger sample size.
Block-Sparse Recovery with Optimal Block Partition
Authors: Kuroda Hiroki , Kitahara Daichi
Published: March 2022

This paper presents a convex recovery method for block-sparse signals whose block partitions are unknown a priori. We first introduce a nonconvex penalty function, where the block partition is adapted for the signal of interest by minimizing the mixed l2/l1 norm over all possible block partitions. Then, by exploiting a variational representation of the l2 norm, we derive the proposed penalty function as a suitable convex relaxation of the nonconvex one. For a block-sparse recovery model designed with the proposed penalty, we develop an iterative algorithm which is guaranteed to converge to a globally optimal solution. Numerical experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
TFW: Annotated Thermal Faces in the Wild Dataset
Authors: Kuzdeuov Askat , Aubakirova Dana , Koishigarina Darina , Varol Hüseyin Atakan
Published: March 2022

Face detection and subsequent localization of facial landmarks are the primary steps in many face applications. Numerous algorithms and benchmark datasets have been introduced to develop robust models for the visible domain. However, varying conditions of illumination still pose challenging problems. In this regard, thermal cameras are employed to address this problem because they operate on longer wavelengths. However, thermal face and facial landmark detection in the wild is an open research problem because most of the existing thermal datasets were collected in controlled environments. In addition, many of them were not annotated with face bounding boxes and facial landmarks. In this work, we present a thermal face dataset with manually labeled bounding boxes and facial landmarks to address these problems. The dataset contains 9,982 images of 147 subjects, collected under controlled and uncontrolled conditions. As a baseline, we trained YOLOv5 object detection model and its adaptation for face detection, YOLO5Face, on our dataset. In addition to our test set, we evaluated the models on the external RWTH-Aachen thermal face dataset to show the efficacy of our dataset. We have made the dataset, source code, and pre-trained models publicly available at https://github.com/IS2AI/TFW to bolster research in thermal face analysis.
D3PG: Dirichlet DDPG for Task Partitioning and Offloading with Constrained Hybrid Action Space in Mobile Edge Computing
Authors: Ale Laha , King Scott , Zhang Ning , Sattar Abdul , Skandaraniyam Janahan
Published: March 2022

 Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) has been regarded as a promising paradigm to reduce service latency for data processing in Internet of Things, by provisioning computing resources at network edge. In this work, we jointly optimize the task partitioning and computational power allocation for computation offloading in a dynamic environment with multiple IoT devices and multiple edge servers. We formulate the problem as a Markov decision process with constrained hybrid action space, which cannot be well handled by existing deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithms. Therefore, we develop a novel Deep Reinforcement Learning called Dirichlet Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (D3PG), which

is built on Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) to solve the problem. The developed model can learn to solve multi-objective optimization, including maximizing the number of tasks processed before expiration and minimizing the energy cost and service latency. More importantly, D3PG can effectively deal with constrained distribution-continuous hybrid action space, where the distribution variables are for the task partitioning and offloading, while the continuous variables are for computational frequency control. Moreover, the D3PG can address many similar issues in MEC and general reinforcement learning problems. Extensive simulation results show that the proposed D3PG outperforms the state-of-art methods.

 Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) has been regarded as a promising paradigm to reduce service latency for data processing in Internet of Things, by provisioning computing resources at network edge. In this work, we jointly optimize the task partitioning and computational power allocation for computation offloading in a dynamic environment with multiple IoT devices and multiple edge servers. We formulate the problem as a Markov decision process with constrained hybrid action space, which cannot be well handled by existing deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithms. Therefore, we develop a novel Deep Reinforcement Learning called Dirichlet Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (D3PG), which is built on Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) to solve the problem. The developed model can learn to solve multi-objective optimization, including maximizing the number of tasks processed before expiration and minimizing the energy cost and service latency. More importantly, D3PG can effectively deal with constrained distribution-continuous hybrid action space, where the distribution variables are for the task partitioning and offloading, while the continuous variables are for computational frequency control. Moreover, the D3PG can address many similar issues in MEC and general reinforcement learning problems. Extensive simulation results show that the proposed D3PG outperforms the state-of-art methods.
The Carbon Footprint of Machine Learning Training Will Plateau, Then Shrink
Authors: Patterson David , Gonzalez Joseph , Hölzle Urs , Le Quoc Hung , Liang Chen , Munguia Lluis-Miquel , Rothchild Daniel , So David , Texier Maud , Dean Jeffrey
Published: March 2022

Machine Learning (ML) workloads have rapidly grown in importance, but raised concerns about their carbon footprint. Four best practices can reduce ML training energy by up to 100x and CO2 emissions up to 1000x. By following best practices, overall ML energy use (across research, development, and production) held steady at <15% of Google’s total energy use for the past three years. If the whole ML field were to adopt best practices, total carbon emissions from training would reduce. Hence, we recommend that ML papers include emissions explicitly to foster competition on more than just model quality. As estimates of emissions in papers that omitted them have been off 100x–100,000x, publishing emissions has the added benefit of ensuring accurate accounting. Given the importance of climate change, we must get the numbers right to make certain that we work on its biggest challenges.
Multi-Label Classification of Heterogeneous Underwater Soundscapes with Bayesian Deep Learning
Authors: Orescanin Marko , Beckler Brandon , Pfau Andrew , Atchley Sabrina , Villemez Nicholas , Joseph John , Miller Christopher , Margolina Tetyana
Published: March 2022

Journal submission in review.
Covariance Recovery for One-Bit Sampled Data With Time-Varying Sampling Thresholds— Part I: Stationary Signals
Authors: Eamaz Arian , Yeganegi Farhang , Soltanalian Mojtaba
Published: March 2022

One-bit quantization, which relies on comparing the signals of interest with given threshold levels, has
attracted considerable attention in signal processing for communications and sensing. A useful tool for
covariance recovery in such settings is the arcsine law, that estimates the normalized covariance matrix
of zero-mean stationary input signals. This relation, however, only considers a zero sampling threshold,
which can cause a remarkable information loss. In this paper, the idea of the arcsine law is extended to the
case where one-bit analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) apply time-varying thresholds. Specifically, three
distinct approaches are proposed, investigated, and compared, to recover the autocorrelation sequence
of the stationary signals of interest. Additionally, we will study a modification of the Bussgang law, a
famous relation facilitating the recovery of the cross-correlation between the one-bit sampled data and
the zero-mean stationary input signal. Similar to the case of the arcsine law, the Bussgang law only
considers a zero sampling threshold. This relation is also extended to accommodate the more general
case of time-varying thresholds for the stationary input signals.
Workspace and Dexterity Investigation of the Master Robot in Sina flex Robotic Telesurgery System: An in Vivo Validation
Authors: Aghanouri Mehrnaz , Moradi Hamid , Alibeik Hossein Arab , Mirbagheri Alireza
Published: March 2022

Robotic surgery technique has gained
admissibility in recent years. To provide ergonomic postures for the surgeon
along with dexterous workspace for the Sinaflex robotic
telesurgery system, a new haptic interface is introduced at the surgeon side of
the robot. To analyze its performance, in this paper, the forward and inverse
kinematics of the master manipulator are derived using a new geometrical
approach. The workspace of the robot is derived, and its dexterity is
investigated. Finally, to show the operational workspace and dexterity, the
data collected during a dogs’ vasectomy robotic surgery by Sinaflex
are analyzed. According to the simulation results, the workspace of the end
effector is as large as 600×571×560 mm3 which is 40 times
greater than the ergonomic human hand workspace. The in-vivo experiment shows
that the operational surgery workspace is about 2.6% and 3.4% of
the whole workspace for the left and right master manipulator, respectively.
The dexterity of the robot based on the Global Conditioning Index, during
simulation and experiment, for the position is 0.4557 and 0.6565,
respectively. A large workspace along with its high dexterity of the master
manipulator of Sinaflex
robotic telesurgery system make it a good choice to fulfill robotic surgery
technique requirements.
Security of Underwater and Air-Water Wireless Communication
Authors: Aman Waqas , Al-Kuwari Saif , Kumar Ambrish , Rahman Muhammad Mahboob ur
Published: March 2022

We present a first detailed survey that focuses on the security challenges faced by the underwater and air-water (A-W) wireless communication networks (WCNs), as well as the countermeasures proposed to date. Specifically, we provide a detailed literature review of the various kinds of active and passive attacks which hamper the confidentiality, integrity, authentication and availability of both underwater and A-W WCNs. For clarity of exposition, this survey paper is mainly divided into two parts. The first part of the paper is essentially a primer on underwater and A-W WCNs whereby we outline the benefits and drawbacks of the three promising underwater and A-W candidate technologies: radio frequency (RF), acoustic, and optical, along with channel modelling. To this end, we also describe the indirect (relay-aided) and direct mechanisms for the A-W WCNs along with channel modelling. This sets the stage for the second part (and main contribution) of the paper whereby we provide a thorough comparative discussion of a vast set of works that have reported the security breaches (as well as viable countermeasures) for many diverse configurations of the underwater and A-W WCNs. Finally, we highlight some research gaps in the open literature and identify some open problems for the future work.
Deep Insights of Learning based Micro Expression Recognition: A Perspective on Promises, Challenges and Research Needs
Authors: Verma Monu , Vipparthi Santosh kumar
Published: March 2022

Micro expression recognition (MER) is a very challenging area of research due to its intrinsic nature and finegrained changes. In the literature, the problem of MER has been solved through handcrafted/descriptor-based techniques. However, in recent times, deep learning (DL) based techniques have been adopted to gain higher performance for MER. Also, rich survey articles on MER are available by summarizing the datasets, experimental settings, conventional and deep learning methods. In contrast, these studies lack the ability to convey the impact of network design paradigms and experimental setting strategies for DL based MER. Therefore, this paper aims to provide a deep insight into the DL-based MER frameworks with a perspective on promises in network model designing, experimental strategies, challenges, and research needs. Also, the detailed categorization of available MER frameworks is presented in various aspects of model design and technical characteristics. Moreover, an empirical analysis of the experimental and validation protocols adopted by MER methods is presented. The challenges mentioned earlier and network design strategies may assist the affective computing research community in forge ahead in MER research. Finally, we point out the future directions, research needs and draw our conclusions.
Reliable Provisioning with Degraded Service Using Multipath Routing from Multiple Data Centers in Optical Metro Networks
Authors: Le Giap
Published: March 2022

With the adoption of edge computing, several data centers are available within the footprint of an optical metro network, and contents are replicated in multiple locations. Such a wide content replication offers a unique opportunity to provide better services to users, especially for content-based services, e.g., video delivery. Thus, a service-provisioning scheme can embrace this opportunity to optimize network resource utilization, improve reliability, and achieve lower latency. In this study, we propose a reliable service-provisioning scheme that selects the optimal subset of data centers hosting the desired content and inversely multiplexes a content request over multiple link-disjoint paths. We formulate an integer linear program and develop heuristics for the problem, and use them to solve various complex and realistic network instances. Numerical data show that, compared to conventional service-provisioning schemes such as multipath routing from a single data center or dedicated-path protection, our proposed scheme efficiently utilizes network resources, improves reliability, and reduces latency; hence, it is suitable for the above-mentioned services.
A Novel Intrusion Detection System for Internet of Healthcare Things Based on Deep Subclasses Dispersion Information
Authors: Fouda Marwa , Ksantini Riadh , Elmedany Wael
Published: March 2022

Despite the significant benefits that the Internet of Healthcare Things (IoHT) offered to the medical sector, there are concerns and risks regarding these systems which can delay their wide deployment as they handle sensitive, and often life-critical medical information. In addition to the IoHT concerns and risks, there are security constraints which include hardware, software, and network constraints that pose a security challenge to these systems. Therefore, security measures need to be deployed that can overcome the concerns, mitigate the risks, and meet the constraints of the IoHT. For these reasons, a subclasses intrusion detection system for the IoHT is proposed in this research work based on a novel variation of the standard One-class Support Vector Machine (OSVM), namely Deep Subclass Dispersion One-class Support Vector Machine (Deep SDOSVM), which considers subclasses in the target class, i.e. normal class, in order to minimize the data dispersion within and between subclasses, thereby improving the discriminative power and classification performance of the intrusion detection system. A deep clustering model is used for subclasses generation in the proposed Deep SDOSVM approach, namely the Dynamic Autoencoder Model (DynAE), to overcome the drawbacks of the classical clustering algorithms, and further enhance the classification performance of the intrusion detection system. The proposed deep clustering subclasses intrusion detection system was evaluated on the real-world TON_IoT dataset, and compared to other state-of-the-art one-class classifiers. Experimentation results showed that the proposed approach outperformed the other relevant one-class classifiers for network intrusion detection.
Physical Basis of Lognormals in Reliability for Microelectronics With Deposited Metal Layers
Authors: eng genghmun
Published: March 2022

Lognormal Probability Density Functions (pdfs) are often empirically found to fit the distribution of failure lifetimes for electronic components, but prior to this work, a physical basis has not be found for why Lognormals should be applicable. Using long-thin metal interconnects atop non-conducting substrates as a representative system, we show Lognormals pdfs for device lifetimes naturally arise, whenever there is a standard Gaussian variation in device geometry, with the case studied being variations in metal interconnect line-widths.
Pázmány Péter és Erdély – régebbi és újabb adatok : Bitskey István nyolcvanadik születésnapjára
Authors: Hargittay Emil
Published: March 2022

A kérdésfelvetés nem új a Pázmányra vonatkozó szakirodalomban, az újabban előkerült adatok és elemzések fényében azonban érdemes ismét figyelmünket a témára irányítanunk. A tanulmány három szempontból világítja meg a kérdést: az életrajz, az érsek közvetlen kapcsolata az erdélyi fejedelmekkel és Pázmány szubjektív viszonyulása szempontjából. A fejedelmekkel való levelezés és a kiegészítő adatok egyértelműsítik, hogy Pázmány álláspontja teljes tartalmi koherenciát és következetességet mutat. A közismerten Habsburg-hű érsek politikai gyakorlatával szembesítve álláspontját megállapítható, hogy az évek múltával véleménye megszilárdult, személyes elgondolása a magyarországi és erdélyi helyzetről nincsen ellentmondásban, még kevésbé sejthető valamilyen disszimulációs törekvés.
Szövegalkotás és elbeszéléstechnika a Metamorphosis Transylvaniae-ben
Authors: Hernády Judit
Published: March 2022

A dolgozat célkitűzése Apor Péter Metamorphosis Transylvaniae című művének irodalmi szempontú elemzése. A szerző műve megalkotása során számos alkalommal hasznosította Cserei Mihály írásos megjegyzéseit; az új kompozícióba e kisebb vagy nagyobb mértékben módosított kivonatok törésmentesen olvadtak be. A két szöveg közötti kapcsolat elemzése során rövid áttekintést nyújtok Apor szövegformáló módszeréről. A dolgozat második felében a mű szerkezetét és elbeszélésmódját és a paratextusok jelentésalkotásban betöltött szerepét, illetve a szövegkohézió eszközeit és az anekdotikus elemeket vizsgálom meg. Végül néhány megjegyzést teszek a náj módi műbeli jelentése kapcsán.
Pleura Fluid Leukocyte Levels Test in Establish of Pleura Tuberculosis Effusion in Exudative Pleural Effusion Patients at H. Adam Malik General Hospital Medan in 2018
Authors: Wulandari Selvy , Syahrani Fajrinur , Rahmaini Ade , Eyanoer Putri Chairani
Published: March 2022

Background: Tuberculous pleural effusion is an accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). The gold standard of TB pleural effusion diagnosis is to obtain TB bacilli in pleural fluid or pleural tissue. However, this is often constrained due to the low identification level of these bacilli and the slow growth of MTB cultures. This study aimed to assess the pleural fluid leukocyte level in establishing a diagnosis of pleural effusion caused by TB. Methods: This was a diagnostic study conducted on 111 patients with pleural effusion, caused by TB, malignancy or non-TB infections that were assigned by supporting examinations obtained from medical records, which then assessed for pleural fluid leukocytes. Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal Wallis Test and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve to attain the cut-off point of pleural fluid leukocyte level. Results: Pleural fluid leukocyte levels in TB cases were significantly different when compared to pleural effusion caused by malignancy and non-TB infections (P<0.001). Pleural fluid leukocyte level ≥1100 cell/mm3 was a cut-off diagnostic test for tuberculous pleural effusion with a sensitivity of 77% and specificity of 60.3%. Conclusion: Pleural fluid leukocyte level ≥1100 cell/mm3 could assist in diagnosing tuberculous pleural effusion.
Pulmonary Health of Traffic Policemen in Low Air-Polluted Bogor Area
Authors: Abdullah Harris , Zaini Jamal , Antariksa Budhi , Susanto Agus Dwi , Yunus Faisal
Published: March 2022

Background: Traffic policemen are very susceptible to respiratory problems due to the potential for exposure to air pollution. Therefore, this study aimed to assess respiratory health aspects of traffic policemen in Bogor, West Java. Method: Registered traffic policemen in Bogor were evaluated for respiratory symptoms, smoking habits, Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) Questionnaire, chest x-ray, and spirometry. Air quality measurements were also carried out as a reference. Result: During the study period, the air quality in Bogor was classified as “Good” and below the ambient air pollutant standard. A total of 95 traffic policemen participated with a mean age of 37.3±8.7 years (range 23–57 years), mean Body Mass Index (BMI) of 28.1±4.2 kg/m2, and a length of service of 3-38 years (mean of 12.3 years). Mild pulmonary function impairment was found in 7.4% of subjects. About 61% of subjects had a smoking habit but with a low addiction index (FTND) and exCO. Decreased lung function was correlated to BMI and age (P<0.05). Conclusion: Pulmonary function impairment in traffic policemen in Bogor City was correlated to age and BMI.
Correlation Between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Pulmonary Tuberculosis at Atma Jaya Hospital
Authors: Steffanus Mario , Fodianto Anastasia Pratiwi , Hadiyanto Jessica Novia
Published: March 2022

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is considered one of the factors that increase the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Tuberculosis in Indonesia is severe and ranked second in the world after India. Previous studies suggested that DM increased the risk of developing pulmonary TB by 2–5 times. This study was conducted to determine the effect of type 2 DM on the incidence of pulmonary TB at Atma Jaya Hospital. Methods: This was a case-control study conducted at Atma Jaya Hospital from December 2016 to April 2017 using medical records. Data were further processed by pairing gender and age between case and control groups. A total of 121 samples were obtained and tested using McNemar paired correlation non-parametric analysis. Results: The incidence of pulmonary TB was higher in men than women with a ratio of 2.1:1 and within the productive age range of 27–46 years. The percentage of type 2 DM in pulmonary TB cases was 70% (35 samples) compared to 30% (15 samples) without DM with a total of 50 samples in the case group. The percentage of type 2 DM in the control group without pulmonary TB was 46.5% (33 samples) compared to 53.5% (38 samples) without DM with a total of 71 samples in the control group. Based on the statistical analysis, the P=0.013 and the OR (odds ratio) was 2.20. Conclusion: There was a significant correlation between type 2 DM and the incidence of pulmonary TB in Atma Jaya Hospital with the risk of pulmonary TB 2.20 times higher than those without type 2 DM.