bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization Strategy of Anti-interference Performance Based on BPSO
Authors: Baohua Wei , Shuyi Fan , Cheng Wan , Qiang Wang
Published: December 2020

In order to solve a problem of the anti-interference performance optimization strategy for electronic equipment, an optimization strategy based on BPSO is proposed and studied. A systematic analysis to the anti-interference performance optimization strategy for electronic equipment is made, and then the mathematical description of the optimization strategy are built. The general method and process of the solution based on BPSO to anti-interference performance optimization strategy is presented. What’s more, the method is tested and verified by a specific example. The results show that the way based on BPSO to search anti-interference performance optimization strategy is feasible. Furthermore, not only do the algorithms have good global search performance and robustness, but also the optimization efficiency and performance have advantages.
Classification Model based on Choquet Integral Discriminant
Authors: Qiao Yaqin , Dai Xuezhen , Chang Zaibin
Published: December 2020

At present, the classification method based on nonlinear integral has been widely used. In this paper, Choquet integral value is used as a nonlinear integral discriminant, and a new discriminant classification model is proposed. The classification model maps the data sets which cannot be linearly separable in low dimensional space into high-dimensional space by nonlinear integral discriminant, and then classifies them by Choquet integral. Because there are too many parameters of classification model in the process of classification, particle swarm optimization is used to optimize the parameters, and then combined with the idea of support vector machine to classify the model. Finally, through the MATLAB programming experiment, the classification model proposed in this paper is compared with the SVM classification model, and the experimental results show the feasibility and effectiveness of the model.
Research on the Big Data Intelligent Application
Authors: Yan Zhong , Wensi Guo , Yanling Zhong , Maosheng Sun , Jiasong Shi
Published: December 2020

In order to improve the big data intelligent application ability based on network information system, the big data intelligent application mode with advanced system, unified standard and efficient service is constructed from different dimensions and levels, and the direction for the overall technology and system development of the big data intelligence application is pointed out.
Research on Overfitting Problem and Correction in Machine Learning
Authors: Bu Chao , Zhang Zengping
Published: December 2020

Machine learning is the key technology of artificial intelligence, which uses learning and training data model to find the problem to achieve the law. In practical applications, there is always a difference between the input data of the model and the training data. Based on the biased training data, overfitting will occur, which will cause the machine learning to fail to achieve the expected goals. Generalization is the process of ensuring that the model can fully reflect the characteristics of the actual input data. Therefore, the ability of the machine learning model depends to a large extent on the effectiveness of generalization. In order to fully understand the learning and generalization model, we conducted a study by the polynomial curve fitting. First, based on the training data, we analyzed using matrix theory and analytical solutions derived polynomial fit. Then, numerical and maximum likelihood theoretical analysis was carried out for the overfitting problem. Finally, combined with the objective function, a typical regularization method to overcome overfitting and improve generalization ability is elaborated.
A Real-time Trademark Detection Method
Authors: Leng Yang , Fan Qixiong
Published: December 2020

In natural scenes, it is an important and challenging task to improve the accuracy while maintaining the real-time capability of trademark detection. For the needs of real-time trademark detection in natural scenes, a method called LOGO-YOLOv3 based on improved YOLOv3 is proposed in this paper. Channel attention and spatial attention mechanisms are introduced into the Darknet53 feature extraction network. And an additional layer is added to the detection layer, which will be combined with the original three detection layers of YOLOv3 to construct a feature pyramid networks containing four detection layers with different scales. This method can not only greatly reduce the false detection of trademarks in complex scenes, but also deal with the problem of large differences in the size of different types of trademarks. Experiments on the Flickrlogos-32 dataset show that the proposed method outperform the original YOLOv3 in general.
Application of LightGBM and LSTM combined model in vegetable sales forecast
Authors: He Zhang , Yu Sun
Published: December 2020

In view of the nonlinear and linear influence of vegetables in sales forecasting, the previous single model could not fully explore the variation law of vegetables in sales, a combined model based on LightGBM and LSTM is proposed, and the significant and abstract characteristics affecting sales forecasting are explored respectively by combining the advantages of the two models. First, the LightGBM model and the LSTM model based on intensive learning are modeled and analyzed, and then the two models are weighted array by the error reciprocal method for sales forecasting. The experimental results show that the proposed combination model based on LightGBM and LSTM is more accurate than the single model, and the prediction results of the model for vegetable short-term sales have provided important reference value for the strategic marketing of enterprises.
Graphic Development Environment in Interactive Computer Interior Design
Authors: Yang Yanan , Zou Na
Published: December 2020

In the process of interactive design generally through the interior design graphics to achieve customer needs, interactive design is a new type of green design system, at present, has been widely used in computer web production, industrial product design, furniture manufacturing and other fields. With the continuous development of computer technology, the human-computer interaction problem is gradually reflected. In order to effectively solve this problem, we add the concept of interaction design into the field of architectural design. The interactive design is combined with the characteristics of architectural design to analyze the architectural design. In this paper, the composition, technology platform and operation mode of the interactive design system are analyzed and studied, and the residential building technology is discussed from these three aspects. In addition, it is applied to the actual case, through the use of digital design, numerical control processing simulation experiment, image experiment and other scientific research methods, the residential building space environment design experimental study. This will also lead to reference standards for green interior design of public and industrial buildings.
Research on Crane Sound Clustering of MFCC Based on HHT
Authors: Fu Qinjian , Lv Danjue , Zhang Yan , Xu Haifeng , Yao Wang , Zi Jiali , Liu Jiang
Published: December 2020

Due to the uniqueness of the sound mechanism of birds, they have typical non-stationary and nonlinear characteristics. This paper proposed a new acousic feature, HHT-MFCC, combined the HHT transformation and MFCC method, aiming at the dynamic instantaneousness of bird sounds. This method, firstly, uses the ensemble empirical mode decomposition EEMD to decompose the bird sounds into a number of intrinsic modal functions IMFs, and then adopts the Hilbert transform to obtain the Hilbert marginal spectrum of each IMF, at last applies the mel-scale filter to complete the feature extraction of HHT-MFCC. The experiment extracts HHT-MFCC from 9 kinds of cranes in China to cluster. Three indexes of cluster evaluation are used to evaluate the feautre HHT-MFCC and MFCC. The results show that the HHT-MFCC feature is 10% higher in RI index than MFCC, 9% higher in JC index, and 4% higher in FMI index.
Development status, problems and solutions of speech recognition technology
Authors: Zhang Shuang
Published: December 2020

The purpose of automatic speech recognition technology is to enable the machine to “understand” human voice, and convert human voice into text information, which is the key technology to realize human-computer interaction. This paper briefly introduces the development of speech recognition technology and the acoustic model involved, analyzes the problems of noise interference in the environment, the low recognition rate of dialect speech, and the need to improve the speech recognition effect in the far-field environment, and puts forward solutions such as optimizing the acoustic model, building dialect corpus, accurately modeling the sound transmission environment, the future development is prospected.
Hierarchy-NMS: Merging Candidate Bounding Boxes for Cerebrospinal Fluid Cell Image Segmentation
Authors: Xu Xianwei , Li Fangqi , Wang Shilin , Wang Zhenhai
Published: December 2020

In this article, Hierarchy-Non Maximum Suppression (H-NMS) is proposed to fix the defects of general NMS algorithms in cerebrospinal fluid cell image segmentation. To cope with the confusion caused by the hierarchy of candidate bounding boxes in this scenario, a tree structure is built on the top of all bounding boxes and only leaf nodes are saved as the final output. The experimental results showed that H-NMS outperforms some variants of NMS in the cerebrospinal fluid cell image processing in both image segmentation and cell counting.
SDNet: A Novel Separable Structure for Single Image Deraining
Authors: Chen Xuheng
Published: December 2020

Rain streaks degrade visual quality of images and severely affect the performance of computer vision system. Recently, deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) have shown the potential in single image deraining. However, their complex structures with large-scale of parameters lead to strong requirement of large storage, which still limits the applications of deraining systems. In this paper, we propose a separable deraining network (SDNet) which provides a more flexible and simply baseline of deraining network by using a cascaded framework to achieve automatic trade-off between model performance and computational resources. Besides, a novel module called group-atrous spatial pyramid (G-ASP) and a network separation strategy (NSS) are proposed to extract more discriminative multi-scale information with fewer parameters and adapts our model to different levels rain-streaks for reasonable allocation of computational resources automatically. The experimental results on public datasets demonstrate that our SDNet achieves promising performances with much fewer parameters than other methods.
Cloud edge cooperative attack recognition based on CNN
Authors: Ran Qingwen , Ju Xiaoming , Zhang Xibo , Zhang Yan
Published: December 2020

In recent years, the concept of cloud edge collaboration has been proposed, which uses some operations of edge and cloud to complete all kinds of collaboration, and has produced various applications in various fields. CNN is one of the hot spots of scientific research, and has excellent performance in the field of image voice. In view of these advantages, combined with the cooperation of CNN and cloud edge, this paper proposes cloud edge collaborative attack recognition based on CNN. The attack recognition model is trained by using CNN and open source data set, and cloud edge collaboration is realized by data and model transmission between edge and cloud. This method realizes the security collaboration between the cloud and the edge, and reduces the resource pressure of the cloud. At the same time, the cooperation of multiple edge ends increases the security identification ability of the cloud and improves the security coordination between the cloud and the edge.
An exploration of a heart rate sensing garment solution based on rPPG technology
Authors: Liu Meng , Wang Chuanjiang , Wang Ningning , Sun Xiujuan
Published: December 2020

In order to solve the problem of heart rate detection during exercise, this article proposes a solution that combines ordinary clothing with non-contact heart rate measurement technology. The scheme integrates the camera into the shoulder of the jacket, which enables the camera to monitor the neck position in real time and convert the detected neck video image into the corresponding heart rate by the technique of optimized rPPG. In this regard, some experiments designed to verify the accuracy of heart rate detection in resting and exercise states, respectively. The experimental results were compared with a commercially available heart rate oximeter, and the comparative results verified the feasibility of the study.
Research on an improved algorithm for image dehazing in underground coal mine
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyan , Guo Haitao
Published: December 2020

Coal mine images have low illuminance, large dust and high noise intensity, etc. It brings great obstacle to extract effective image information. This paper proposes an image haze removal algorithm for coal mine underground based on dark channel prior. First, histogram equalization method is introduced to enhance the underground image, obtain the dark channel image from the thumbnail of the image, and then restore the pixel value of the image through bilinear interpolation, for shortening the acquisition time of the dark channel image and increasing the speed of the algorithm. Results demonstrate this method greatly reduces the amount of calculation and improves the processing speed of the haze removal algorithm while ensuring the haze removal effect.
A Dynamic Neural Network for Solving Time-varying Shortest Path with Hop-constraint
Authors: Xu Zhilei , Huang Wei , Wang Jinsong
Published: December 2020

This paper proposes a dynamic neural network (DNN) to solve the time-varying shortest path problem with hop-constraint (HC-TSPP). The purpose of HC-TSPP is to find a path with the shortest transmission time and the restricted number of arcs. The proposed DNN is a novel neural network based on dynamic neurons. All neurons on DNN are computing in parallel, and each dynamic neuron is composed of seven parts: input, wave receiver, filter, status memorizer, wave generator, wave sender, and output. Wave is the carrier of neuron communication, and each wave is composed of three parts. The shortest path report is based on the first wave that reaches the destination node and satisfies the hop constraint. The example and experimental results based on the Internet dataset show that the proposed algorithm can arrive at the global optimal solution and outperform the existing algorithm (viz. Dijkstra algorithm).
Recognition method of dairy cow feeding behavior based on convolutional neural network
Authors: Chen Zhefu , Cheng Xiaodong , Wang Xi , Han Mingshu
Published: December 2020

With the continuous development of the Internet of things and artificial intelligence, smart animal husbandry has gained popularity in recent years. It can efficiently solve the labor cost and capital cost, and reduce the loss of pasture and herders. This paper proposes a method based on convolutional neural network to identify the feeding behavior of dairy cows, by detecting the feeding behavior of dairy cows, judging their health status, estimating feed intake, and estimating milk production according to a proportional coefficient. First, this article need go to the ranch to collect activity data and manually calibrate the cows; second, use the sliding window method to upgrade the one-dimensional activity data; finally, feed the two-dimensional data into the CNN, continuously adjust the parameters and lengthen data width, the recognition accuracy rate can reach 89.5%, realizing the recognition of the feeding behavior of dairy cows. The results show that the CNN-based dairy cow feeding behavior recognition method designed and implemented in this paper can realize efficient automatic recognition and has high accuracy.
An Overview of the Attention Mechanisms in Computer Vision
Authors: Yang Xiao
Published: December 2020

Deep convolutional neural network (CNN) plays an important role in the field of computer vision and image processing. In order to further improve the performance of CNN, scholars have conducted a series of new explorations, such as the improvement of activation functions, the construction of new loss functions, the regularization of parameters and the development of new network structures. However, every breakthrough of CNN comes from the innovation of network structure, whose design can be inspired by exploring the cognitive process of human brain. As one of the important features of human visual system, visual attention mechanism is essential in image generation, scene classification, target detection and tracking when applied in the field of computer vision. Focusing on the models of attention mechanisms commonly used in computer vision, their categorizations, principles, and outlook are summarized in this overview.
Modeling and Simulation Research of a Novel Artificial Skin Sensor
Authors: Wang Feilu , Hu Yong , Song Yang , Chen Yufeng , Ye Ruigen
Published: December 2020

In this paper, a novel artificial skin sensor model with special structure based on the flexibility of Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and the piezoresistive effect of Poly Vinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) piezoelectric fiber is proposed to solve the problems of structure design and complicated manufacturing process of skin sensor sensitive units. It has excellent piezoelectric effect and can detect the external force efficiently and precisely. The finite element analysis technology is used to simulate the deformation of the novel artificial skin sensor under external force from different aspects. Firstly, the crossing-mesh sensitive unit model and the three-layer configuration with three-layer of the artificial skin sensor are designed. Secondly, the external forces are applied to the sensitive units with different diameters by finite element analysis, and the sensitive unit with optimum diameter is figured out for the novel artificial skin sensor. After that, with the optimum sensitive unit, the performance of the artificial skin sensor model with the optimum sensitive unit is specifically simulated when it’s subjected to different stress. Finally, through seriously analyzing the experiment results, the mapping relationship between the deformation of the artificial skin sensor and the external force is obtained. Experiment results demonstrate that the novel artificial skin sensor has high sensitivity, not only can truly reflect the approximate linear relationship between sensor deformation and external load, but also can accurately detect the magnitude of external force applied to the sensor.
Research on Motion Attitude Control of Under-actuated Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Jiang Jie , Zhang Runqiang , Fang Yuan , Wang Xinlong
Published: December 2020

This paper adopts Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) algorithm in Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) to analyse the eca_a9 Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) motion attitude control based on Robot Operating System (ROS) and Gazebo simulation platform, within UUV Simulator underwater simulation environment. The heel angle ϕ, pitch angle θ heading angle φ are chosen as the agent state input and control variables, and the output angle of the four rudders is selected as the agent action output. The problem of strong coupling caused by X-type rudder and multi-degree-of-freedom control is solved with reinforcement learning and training. In addition, this paper proposes a multi-state space and multi-action space control scheme, which has achieved remarkable results for the AUV’s fixed speed, constant heel, constant pitch, and constant heading motion control.
Study on Deduction Method of Volume Scattering Noise of the Laser Scattering Image on the Ultra-smooth Optical Substrate Surface
Authors: Chen Shiyi , Zhou Jian , Zhang Bin
Published: December 2020

In order to better observe the defects in the laser scattering image on the surface of the ultra-smooth optical substrate, the volume scattering noise needs to be deducted. This paper attempts to use three methods, which are wavelet denoising, wavelet enhancement and gradient model construction, and compares the advantages and disadvantages of the three methods.
Research on reliability data mining technology of electronic components
Authors: Yaru Cui , Kui Zhang , Huaguang Liu , Shengbiao An , Jie Huang
Published: December 2020

This paper deeply analyzed the types of information that can be mined in component reliability data. According to specific needs, the clustering measurement method of reliability data sample similarity is studied, the distance measurement strategy is obtained, the algorithm steps and analysis methods of Apriori association rule data mining are improved, the reliability data prediction and analysis methods based on statistical methods are compared. AR prediction model, MA model and other component reliability information time prediction methods have formed data mining software such as clustering, correlation analysis and prediction, discovered a large amount of hidden reliability information, and realized the comprehensive mining and utilization of electronic component reliability data.
Optimization of Decision Tree Machine Learning Strategy in Data Analysis
Authors: Zhifang Sun , Yi Li
Published: December 2020

Aiming at the problem of too coarse matching of machine learning decision tree models in the field of data mining and low prediction accuracy, the corresponding improved optimization strategies are proposed. First, the field matching degree of data is further improved by discretizing continuous attributes in multiple intervals. Then, the method makes the selection of business attributes more reasonable in the downward splitting process of the model by compensating the weight of feature attributes by business sensitivity indicators. Finally, the data classification rule transformation is used to further improve the data prediction accuracy of the model. The experimental results show that the introduction of the tree model generated by the business sensitivity index is more concise. In addition, the business pertinence and data classification capabilities are stronger. The results show that the transformed and upgraded data classification rules can effectively improve the accuracy of data prediction compared with the traditional optimization algorithm.
Calculation of Fundamental Frequency Amplitude of Transformer Surface Vibration Based on ABC-ELM
Authors: Lu Yu , Wang Xin , Li Zhong
Published: December 2020

The fundamental frequency amplitude of transformer surface vibration is an important indicator for analyzing and diagnosing transformer faults. This article proposed a model for calculating the fundamental frequency amplitude of transformer surface vibration (ABC-ELM) based on Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) optimized Extreme Learning Machine (ELM). Considering the influence factors of transformer vibration, the ELM model was constructed by using the operating voltage, load current and oil temperature as input vectors, and the fundamental frequency amplitude of the transformer surface vibration as output vectors. The data measured by transformer was used for experiments, and the weights and hidden layer biases of the ELM input layer were optimized using ABC. Experimental results showed that ABC-ELM had higher calculation accuracy and smaller error fluctuations than ELM and BP neural networks, which proves the effectiveness of ABC-ELM model in calculating the fundamental frequency amplitude of transformer surface vibration.
Energetic positron propagation from pulsars: an analytical two-zone diffusion model
Authors: Osipov S M , Bykov A M , Petrov A E , Romansky V I
Published: December 2020

We study the cosmic rays (CR) positrons propagation from the near Earth Geminga pulsar wind nebula on the basis of a analytical model of the two-zone spherically symmetric particle diffusion from a central source. We calculate the near Earth spectral distribution of positrons originating from the pulsar. The obtained spectra are compared with the results of another authors considering the problem of the positron excess revealed by PAMELA and AMS-02 experiments.
The measurements of the CMB temperature in diffuse interstellar medium of the Milky-Way and high redshift galaxies based on excitation of CI fine-structure and H2 rotational levels
Authors: Klimenko V V , Ivanchik A V
Published: December 2020

Evolution of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature with redshift

T

CMB

=

T

CMB

0

×
(
1
+
z
)

is predicted by the standard ΛCDM cosmological model and has been confirmed by measurements of the Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect in Plank data (at z ≤ 1) and excitation of CO rotational levels in quasar spectra (at 1.7 ≤ z ≤ 2.7). Excitation of the fine-structure levels of neutral carbon (CI) is also sensitive to the temperature of the CMB radiation. However collisions and UV pumping lead to a significant degeneracy of the fitting parameters, since poor data on physical conditions. We found that a joint fit to excitation of low H2 rotational and CI fine-structure levels can break this degeneracy and provide a tighter constraints on the T
CMB. We present estimates of the T
CMB derived from excitation of CI fine-structure levels in the Milky Way clouds and high redshift absorption systems.
Signature of geomagnetic superstorm in Earth’s rotation speed
Authors: Trofimov D A , Petrov S D , Movsesyan P V
Published: December 2020

A connection between solar activity and decadal Length of day variations is investigated. Statistical comparison of Length of day with various geomagnetic and Solar activity indices has been done for the last 140 years. A jump in Length of day (LOD) is found at the moment of the geomagnetic storm, the largest one for the last few decades, that happened in late October 2003, the so called Halloween storm. This change in rotational velocity of the Earth can not be explained by any known atmospheric or oceanic influences. Moreover, such jump in LOD is an unique one for the few recent years. It is supposed that this jump can be caused by transfer of angular momentum between Solar wind and the solid Earth. A possible mechanism of such a transfer is proposed.
On stability of toroidal structures in two-tori pulsar wind nebulae
Authors: Ponomaryov G A , Levenfish K P , Petrov A E , Kropotina Yu A
Published: December 2020

The effect of weakly supersonic flow on two-tori pulsar wind nebula is considered. It is shown that the flow going past the nebula does not destroy its two-tori structure, but, on the contrary, contributes to its stability. Under the effect of the flow, the windward and the leeward polar outflows in the nebula operate at drastically different conditions. In the result, two opposite jets of the nebula which form within these polar outflows may differ in their dynamics and appearance. Our work bears implications for the Vela pulsar wind nebula, which interacts with a supersonic flow of Mach number ∼ 1.3 produced by the reverse shock of its parent supernova.
Diffusion as a damping mechanism for neutron-star oscillations
Authors: Kraav Kirill , Gusakov Mikhail
Published: December 2020

We study the effects of diffusion on damping of oscillations in the neutron star cores. This dissipation mechanism is usually ignored in the literature. As we show, the effect of diffusion is always smaller than viscous dissipation if the normal (nonsuperfluid and nonsuperconducting) matter of neutron stars is considered. However, we argue that for superconducting stars the role of diffusion may increase.
Subsecond pulsations in hard X-rays of August 19, 1998 flare according to BATSE/CGRO data
Authors: Shuvalova V I , Sklyarova E M , Charikov Yu E , Shabalin A N
Published: December 2020

Detection of ms-spikes and quasi-periodic subsecond pulsations in the solar flare hard X-rays (HXR) provides useful information about the processes of electron acceleration and transport along the flare magnetic loops. To search for HXR pulsations, we processed the data of BATSE/CGRO spectrometer of high temporal resolution 0.016 s and 0.064 s. BATSE energy range is about 20 keV – 1 MeV. For the powerful solar flare SOL1998:08:19T21:39:21 the FFT and wavelet analysis show the presence of HXR pulsations of ∼ 0.16 – 0.25 s. BATSE data was analyzed for six energy channels 28.8 – 33.1 keV, 37.1 – 41.8 keV, 46.6 – 55.8 keV, 55.8 – 64.6 keV, 64.6 – 74.0 keV, and 74.0 – 99.1 keV. HXR-spikes were detected. The spike shape is practically triangular with FWHM about 100 ms. Simulations of kinetic models of electron transport with short pulses showed that when the duration of an individual spike is longer than ∼ 80 ms, the smearing of pulses practically does not occur. Injection pulses shorter than 30 – 60 ms are not preserved even with a strongly anisotropic distribution of accelerated electrons and a small gradient of the magnetic field. In the isotropic case at the looptop, the decay phase of the X-ray spikes becomes longer compared to the rising phase which is not true for the anisotropic case. The pulse smearing effect is stronger for the softer energy spectra of accelerated electrons.
Study of the impact of amino acids hydrochloride forms on the formation of biomimetic composites in the presence of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite
Authors: Goloshchapov D , Kashkarov V , Nikitkov K , Bartenev V , Ippolitov I , Ippolitov Yu , Seredin P
Published: December 2020

The study of molecular composition of the biomimetic composites on the basis of nanocrystalline carbonate-substituted (C-HAP) and polar amino acids of L-lysine hydrochloride and L-arginine hydrochloride was performed in the work. Results of the study show that the change in acidity of the medium (pH≥11.2, ≥7.55 и ≤5) occurs under transformation of the conformational environment of L-lysine hydrochloride molecules with the formation of L-lysine structure as while increase of pH level as in the presence of C-HAP nanocrystals. At the same time composites basing on L-arginine keep their amorphous structure in the presence of synthesized C-HAP in the different media. The detected differences in the molecular environment of hydrochloride forms of amino acids during the interaction with nanocrystalline C-HAP prove to be significant for the development of technology of the integration between biocomposites and hard dental tissues.
Interaction of low-temperature atmospheric pressure plasma jet mixed with argon and air with living tissues
Authors: Ashurbekov N A , Giraev K M , Shakhsinov G Sh , Israpov E Kh , Isaeva Z M , Murtazaeva A A , Rabadanov K M
Published: December 2020

The paper presents the results of spectral-fluorescence and diffuse-optical studies of biological tissues when exposed to a low-temperature atmospheric pressure plasma in a mixture of air with argon with an exposure of up to 10 minutes. Potential fluorophores were identified and the coefficients of optical absorption and transport scattering of biological tissues were determined. The analysis conducted allows to conclude that plasma probing leads to significant inhibition of cellular respiration and the development of coagulation effects in biological tissues.
Effect of sodium hypochlorite on the structure of nucleic acids studied using infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Osinnikova D N , Moroshkina E B , Polyanichko A M
Published: December 2020

The effect of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) on nucleic acids (NAs) was investigated depending on the concentration of the NaClO. We have performed detailed analysis of the FTIR and UV spectra of the NAs incubated with NaClO. It was found that both the destruction of the secondary structure of DNA (denaturation) and the chemical modification of nitrogenous bases occur.
Mathematical model of neuronal membrane mechanical deformations under the influence of an electric pulse
Authors: Kotikova M R , Chizhov A V
Published: December 2020

Mechanical deformations of neuronal membrane occur when exposed to an electrical pulse. A one-dimensional mathematical model of such deformations of a cylindrical cell is proposed, based on the fluid dynamics equations and the Lippmann equation connecting electric effects with the membrane strength. The model qualitatively reproduces experimentally observed effects of cell membrane mechanical deformations evoked by both an action potential moving along axon and an electric pulse injected through electrode.
Si-W alloy thin films deposition by magnetron co-sputtering
Authors: Serdobintsev A A , Starodubov A V , Kozhevnikov I O , Galushka V V , Pavlov A M , Ryskin N M
Published: December 2020

Results of experimental studies on Si-W coatings fabrication by magnetron co-sputtering from two sources for electrodynamic structures in millimeter and submillimeter range of electromagnetic waves are presented. Control over sheet resistivity of the resulting coatings by varying the power of a magnetron with a tungsten target is demonstrated. Dependence of complex permittivity of Si-W coatings upon dielectric substrates on chemical composition in the frequency range of 50-70 GHz is studied.
Observation of the increase in turn-on delay of quantum cascade lasers under pulsed electrical pumping with finite rise time
Authors: Cherotchenko E D , Dudelev V V , Mikhailov D A , Losev S N , Babichev A V , Gladyshev A G , Novikov I I , Lutetskiy A V , Veselov D A , Slipchenko S O , Pikhtin N A , Karachinsky L Ya , Denisov D V , Kuchinskii V I , Kognovitskaya E A , Egorov A Yu , Teissier R , Baranov A N , Sokolovskii G S
Published: December 2020

We demonstrate the experimental measurements of the turn-on delay in InAs-and InP-based quantum cascade lasers operating under pulsed electrical pumping with non-zero rise time. We report the unexpected delay time dependence on the pumping current density, that does not agree with available theoretical predictions. Performed numerical simulation of the model based on rate equations is only in qualitative, but not quantitative, agreement with our observations.
DLTS spectra of radiation-induced defects in silicon detectors with heavily damaged Bragg peak region
Authors: Mitina D , Eremin V , Verbitskaya E , Eremin I
Published: December 2020

The investigation is focused on the defects in silicon p+-n-n + detectors irradiated with the 53.4 MeV 40Ar ions, which generate a nonuniform defect distribution including a heavily damaged region inside the Bragg peak. The dependences of the bulk generation current and of the capacitance on bias voltage and the spectra of radiation-induced defects demonstrate new features: a step in the current rise, a region with a practically constant capacitance, and abnormal dependence of the peak amplitudes of vacancy-related defects on fluence. The changes of the DLTS spectra are assigned to the influence of silicon properties inside the Bragg peak region acting as a highly compensated insulating layer.
Defect structure evolution in the process of relaxation of the Pd-Y-H system
Authors: Akimova O V , Veligzhanin A A , Svetogorov R D , Gorbunov S V , Roshan N R , Burkhanov G S
Published: December 2020

X-ray diffraction and high-precision scanning electron microscopy methods were used to study the long-term evolution of the defect structure of diffusion filter-membranes Pd-Y. Analysis of X-ray diffraction data and microelectronic photographs showed that the recovery of the dislocation structure in the membranes was not uniform. Differences in the processes of hydrogen conservation in the structure of membranes are determined reversible hydrogen doping. Preservation by alloy of superstructural ordered regions was detected.
Investigation of a reaction-diffusion system, related to retinal patterning
Authors: Rukolaine S A , Varsh S E
Published: December 2020

In this paper we study a one-dimensional spatially-continuous reaction-diffusion system, related to patterning of Drosophila’s retina. We search for conditions of stability or diffusion-driven (Turing) instability of a homogeneous prepattern steady state.
Atomic force microscopy of porous ferroelectric PZT films
Authors: Gushchina E V , Zaitseva N V , Delimova L A , Orlov G A , Seregin D S , Vorotilov K A
Published: December 2020

The surface topography, local current distribution and piezoresponse signal in porous ferroelectric PZT films are studied using conductive atomic force microscopy (c-AFM) and piezoforce microscopy (PFM). The PZT films were formed from solutions with the addition of 0–20 wt% polyvinylpyrrolidon (PVP) as a porogen with the molecular weight of 360000. Applying c-AFM, the topography images and distribution maps of the local current of the same surface area are obtained, which made it possible to compare the profiles of the topography and current signals. It is shown that in PZT films prepared without PVP addition, the local currents flow inside the grains forming the columnar structure with nonconductive grain-boundaries. At PVP content of 1-3 wt%, separate current peaks are observed on the analyzed profiles, but starting from 6 wt% PVP and higher, the local current flowing in the pore regions exceeds the current recorded in the grain area.
The composition modulation effect during spinodal decomposition of ZnxCd1-xTe solid solutions under conditions of energy resonance
Authors: Kuznetsov V V , Moskvin P P , Skurativskyi S I , Stepchin Y A , Efremov Yu M
Published: December 2020

The Cahn-Hillard equation, previously obtained to describe the decomposition of metal solid solutions, is adapted to analyze the spinodal decomposition of A2B6 semiconductor solid solutions. The obtained differential equation is used to describe the spinodal decomposition of the ZnxCd1-xTe solid solution, which is synthesized under conditions close to the boundaries of absolutely unstable regions on the state diagram of the system. A quantitative description of the composition modulation effect that appears in the material when its growth under the indicated conditions is given.

Computer simulations of the spinodal decomposition of the ZnxCd1-xTe solid solution showed that micro oscillations of the material composition are connected by the resonance phenomenon between the excess mixing energy and the energy of elastic strains arising in the inclusions of the new phase coherently conjugated with the lattice of the initial crystal. It is shown that such resonance phenomena are most intense when the conditions for the material synthesis are chosen in the immediate vicinity of the spinodal curves in the phase state diagram of the system.
Anisotropy of local anodic oxidation process in thin MoSe2 films
Authors: Borodin B R , Benimetskiy F A , Dunaevskiy M S , Alekseev P A
Published: December 2020

In this work, various regimes of local anodic oxidation (LAO) of MoSe2 were studied. Here we show that there is a certain set of oxidation parameters that results in the anisotropic oxidation of MoSe2. In this mode, LAO leads to the formation of oxidized triangles. The triangles have the same orientation on the surface of the flakes, which indicates that MoSe2 is oxidized mainly along the crystallographic directions of the zigzag edges. These results can be useful for determining crystallographic directions of zigzag/armchair edges and the degree of single-crystallinity of MoSe2 flakes.
Design of silicon membranes for ultrasonic transducers and its fabrication by anisotropic wet etching
Authors: Malohatko S V , Gusev E Yu , Jityaeva J Y , Ageev O A
Published: December 2020

The aim of this work is to calculation and fabrication silicon membranes for acoustic sensors with operating ranges of resonant frequencies from 10 kHz to 100 MHz and pressures from 0.1 to 103 kPa. In this paper, analytical dependences of pressure and resonance frequency on geometrical parameters of membranes are presented. The ranges of the thickness (30-50 μm) and the length of the edge membranes (0.2-1.0 mm) were defined. Experimental studies of the etching of the silicon wafer with a solution of 30% KOH were carried out and the etching rate was found to be 1.2-1.8 μm/min. Anisotropic wet etching was used to form square-shaped silicon membranes with a thickness of 30-50 μm and an edge length of 0.2 to 1.0 mm with resonant frequencies in the range of 0.7 to 30 MHz. The obtained results can be used in the development of acoustic sensors based on of monocrystalline silicon.
Current transfer mechanisms in polyvinyl alcohol films with inclusions of multi-walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Vasin S V , Efimov M S , Sergeev V A , Frolov I V
Published: December 2020

Current-voltage and capacitance-voltage characteristics of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films with the inclusion of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) deposited on silicon and ITO substrates were experimentally studied. It is shown that such structures demonstrate rectifying properties and their current-voltage characteristics are nonlinear. With direct bias, the structures have a positive temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR). With a reverse bias, the sign of TCR changes from negative to positive. A qualitative analysis of the results based on the tunneling mechanism of current transfer is presented.
Spectral properties of novel transparent glass-ceramics based on Fe2+:ZnAl2O4 nanocrystals
Authors: Eremeev K , Dymshits O , Alekseeva I , Khubetsov A , Zapalova S , Tsenter M , Basyrova L , Loiko P , Zhilin A , Popkov V
Published: December 2020

Transparent glass-ceramics of the zinc aluminum silicate system nucleated by TiO2 and doped with FeO were developed by melt-quenching at 1580 °C with subsequent secondary heat-treatments at 720 – 1050 °C. The glass-ceramics based on nanosized gahnite crystals were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman and optical spectroscopy. The glass-ceramics exhibit a broad (1.5-2.5 μm) absorption due to the 5E → 5T2 (5D) transition of Fe2+ ions in Td sites in gahnite crystals. They are promising as saturable absorbers of the short-wave IR lasers.
Synthesis and study of the gas sensitive properties of composite thin films of copper oxide and linear chain carbon
Authors: Smirnov A V , Kazakov V A , Platonov P S , Tyunterov E S
Published: December 2020

The possibility of synthesizing semiconductor films of copper oxide and films of copper oxide with linear chain carbon, which have good sensitivity to methanol and ethanol vapors, is shown in the work by a thermoresistive method. The proposed gas sensitivity mechanism describing the increase in resistance in methanol and ethanol vapors shows good agreement with the obtained experimental results.
X-ray diffraction study of a tungsten-based material for the first wall of ITER
Authors: Kozushkina A , Pavlov S I , Voronin A V , Sokolov R V , Levin A A
Published: December 2020

Methods of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy were applied to POLEMA W sample after He plasma irradiation. The W reflections of the plasma treated sample exhibit an evident asymmetry characterized by a negative asymmetry parameter. Using the Williamson-Hall Plot technique the XRD reflection asymmetry has been successfully quantitatively described in frame of a model with two W phases with slightly different unit cell parameters and essentially different crystallite size and microstrain values.
Production of K*(892)° mesons in Cu+Au collisions at

sNN

= 200 GeV and U+U collisions at

sNN

= 192 GeV
Authors: Berdnikov A Ya , Berdnikov Ya A , Borisov V S , Kotov D O , Mitrankov Iu M
Published: December 2020

Studying the properties and evolution of the QGP is one of the main goals in modern heavy ion physics. Due to strange quark content K*0
meson is a good probe for the study of QGP formed in heavy-ion collisions. K
*0-meson production was previously measured by PHENIX in symmetric Cu+Cu collisions at

s

N
N

= 200 GeV and U+U collisions at

s

N
N

= 200 GeV. K
*0-meson production in asymmetric Cu+Au collisions at

s

N
N

= 200 GeV and U+U collisions at

s

N
N

= 200 GeV and spherically asymmetric uranium nuclei at

s

N
N

= 200 GeV and U+U collisions at

s

N
N

= 192 GeV was performed for continuation the study of the QGP properties. This report presents invariant transverse momentum spectra and nuclear modification factors of K
*0-mesons which were measured in Cu+Au collisions at the energy of

s

N
N

= 200 GeV and U+U collisions at

s

N
N

= 200 GeV and U+U collisions at the energy of

s

N
N

= 200 GeV and U+U collisions at

s

N
N

= 192 GeV. In results, K
*0-mesons yields are less suppressed than the yields of non-strange mesons, which might indicate that additional particle production mechanisms are involved in the K
*0-meson production. The production of the K
*0-mesons in Cu+Cu, Cu+Au, and U+U collisions scales with Npart
and seems to depend on nuclear overlap size, but not on its geometry.
Investigation of the stability of spatial modes in quarter-disk resonators
Authors: Dunaevskiy M S , Alekseev P A
Published: December 2020

In this work, the stability of short-wavelength spatial modes in quarter-disk cavities was studied. It was found that in such resonators, short-wave modes (with wavelengths λ smaller than the radius R of the quarter-disk λ<<R) in space form figures similar to folded twice m-polygons. The m-order of allowed stable modes decreases rapidly with an increase in the δ/R parameter of deviation from the ideal quarter-disk shape. Unlike half-disk resonators, quarter-disk resonators with δ/R>0.1 lack total internal reflection modes.
The study of gadolinium tantalum niobate (Gd(NbxTa1-x)O4) by local cathodoluminescence technique
Authors: Gusev G A , Masloboeva S M , Zamoryanskaya M V
Published: December 2020

In this work, the powder and ceramic samples of gadolinium tantalum niobate (Gd(NbxTa1-x)O4) grown by the liquid-phase method were studied. Phase homogeneity and composition were determined by x-ray diffraction analysis and electron probe microanalysis. Luminescent properties were studied by local cathodoluminescence technique. All samples obtained a high phase homogeneity. It was found that the dependence of the monoclinic lattice parameters on the niobium content in the niobium-tantalum pair has monotonic character. The solid solutions were formed at synthesis temperatures from 1180 to 1400°C. The sample of pure gadolinium niobate (GdNbO4) showed the maximal cathodoluminescence intensity.
Investigation of the temperature dependences of the I-V characteristics of p-Si/MoOx selective contacts
Authors: Maksimova A A , Baranov A I , Kudryashov D A , Gudovskikh A S
Published: December 2020

In this article the temperature dependences of selective contacts based on MoOx were studied. The p-Si/MoOx/Al structure was fabricated. Current-voltage and capacitance-voltage characteristics in the temperature range from 80 to 300K were measured. Band diagram was also calculated to reveal potential barriers location and its influence on charge carrier transport.
Absorbance and transformation of SHF electromagnetic waves in quartz-containing heterogenic materials
Authors: Makhmudov Kh F
Published: December 2020

A study of the mechanism of uptake and conversion of microwave energy into heat energy is presented. The term ”SHF – trigger”, which activates at the atomic, electronic, and molecular scales, is introduced for the mechanism of micro cracking, destruction, and crashing of quartz-containing rocks. It has been found that the uptake and conversion of microwave energy into heat energy begins there were some criteria of the sample instability in energy consummation are satisfied. This mechanism of the energy conversion with the heating effect differs from other modes of heating by its efficiency; accordingly, a special criterion is required. The loss tangent of a dielectric, such as mineral or heterogeneous rock, could serve as a measured parameter. This parameter is attributed to slowly establishing modes of relaxation, which manifest themselves in the presence of polar molecules, complicated anion radicals, chemically bounded water, solid/liquid interfaces, borders of dielectrics and conductors. In addition, a new mechanism of conversion of microwave energy into heat energy in points of contact between water-saturated pores in model specimens was suggested.