bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pattern recognition receptors in GtoPdb v.2023.1
Authors: Bryant Clare , Monie Tom P.
Published: May 2023

Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs, [110]) (nomenclature as agreed by NC-IUPHAR sub-committee on Pattern Recognition Receptors, [20]) participate in the innate immune response to microbial agents, the stimulation of which leads to activation of intracellular enzymes and regulation of gene transcription. PRRs express multiple leucine-rich regions to bind a range of microbially-derived ligands, termed PAMPs or pathogen-associated molecular patterns or endogenous ligands, termed DAMPS or damage-associated molecular patterns. These include peptides, carbohydrates, peptidoglycans, lipoproteins, lipopolysaccharides, and nucleic acids. PRRs include both cell-surface and intracellular proteins. PRRs may be divided into signalling-associated members, identified here, and endocytic members, the function of which appears to be to recognise particular microbial motifs for subsequent cell attachment, internalisation and destruction. Some are involved in inflammasome formation, and modulation of IL-1β cleavage and secretion, and others in the initiation of the type I interferon response. PRRs included in the Guide To PHARMACOLOGY are:Catalytic PRRs (see links below this overview)Toll-like receptors (TLRs)Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine-rich repeat containing receptors (NLRs, also known as NOD (Nucleotide oligomerisation domain)-like receptors)RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs)Caspase 4 and caspase 5 Non-catalytic PRRsAbsent in melanoma (AIM)-like receptors (ALRs)C-type lectin-like receptors (CLRs)Other pattern recognition receptorsAdvanced glycosylation end-product specific receptor (RAGE)
Leukotriene receptors in GtoPdb v.2023.1
Authors: Bäck Magnus , Brink Charles , Chiang Nan , Dahlén Sven-Erik , Dent Gordon , Drazen Jeffrey , Evans Jilly F. , Hay Douglas W. P. , Nakamura Motonao , Powell William , Rokach Joshua , Rovati G. Enrico , Serhan Charles N. , Shimizu Takao , Uddin Mohib , Yokomizo Takehiko
Published: May 2023

The leukotriene receptors (nomenclature as agreed by the NC-IUPHAR subcommittee on Leukotriene Receptors [35, 38]) are activated by the endogenous ligands leukotrienes (LT), synthesized from lipoxygenase metabolism of arachidonic acid. The human BLT1 receptor is the high affinity LTB4 receptor whereas the BLT2 receptor in addition to being a low-affinity LTB4 receptor also binds several other lipoxygenase-products, such as 12S-HETE, 12S-HPETE, 15S-HETE, and the thromboxane synthase product 12-hydroxyheptadecatrienoic acid. The BLT receptors mediate chemotaxis and immunomodulation in several leukocyte populations and are in addition expressed on non-myeloid cells, such as vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells. In addition to BLT receptors, LTB4 has been reported to bind to the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) α [201] and the vanilloid TRPV1 ligand-gated nonselective cation channel [223]. The crystal structure of the BLT1 receptor was initially determined in complex with selective antagonists [141, 231] and has recently been extended to the cryo-electron microscopy structure of LTB4-bound human BLT1 receptor at 2.91 Å resolution [389]. The receptors for the cysteinyl-leukotrienes (i.e. LTC4, LTD4 and LTE4) are termed CysLT1 and CysLT2 and exhibit distinct expression patterns in human tissues, mediating for example smooth muscle cell contraction, regulation of vascular permeability, and leukocyte activation. Quite recently, the the crystal structures of both receptors have been solved, the CysLT1 in complex with zafirlukast and pranlukast [203] and the CysLT2 in complex with three dual CysLT1/CysLT2 antagonists [122]. There is also evidence in the literature for additional CysLT receptor subtypes, derived from functional in vitro studies, radioligand binding and in mice lacking both CysLT1 and CysLT2 receptors [38]. Cysteinyl-leukotrienes have also been suggested to signal through the P2Y12 receptor [99, 251, 280], GPR17 [60] and GPR99 [173].
Neurotensin receptors in GtoPdb v.2023.1
Authors: Mazella Jean , Sarret Philippe , Vincent Jean-Pierre
Published: May 2023

Neurotensin receptors (nomenclature as recommended by NC-IUPHAR [39]) are activated by the endogenous tridecapeptide neurotensin (pGlu-Leu-Tyr-Glu-Asn-Lys-Pro-Arg-Arg-Pro-Tyr-Ile-Leu) derived from a precursor (NTS, 30990), which also generates neuromedin N, an agonist at the NTS2 receptor. [3H]neurotensin (human, mouse, rat) and [125I]neurotensin (human, mouse, rat) may be used to label NTS1 and NTS2 receptors at 0.1-0.3 and 3-5 nM concentrations respectively.
Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptors in GtoPdb v.2023.1
Authors: Colletti Steven L. , IJzerman Adriaan P. , Lovenberg Timothy W. , Offermanns Stefan , Semple Graeme , Waters M. Gerard , Wise Alan
Published: May 2023

The hydroxycarboxylic acid family of receptors (ENSFM00500000271913, nomenclature as agreed by the NC-IUPHAR Subcommittee on Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptors [36, 12]) respond to organic acids, including the endogenous hydroxy carboxylic acids 3-hydroxy butyric acid and L-lactic acid, as well as the lipid lowering agents nicotinic acid (niacin), acipimox and acifran [53, 60, 65]. These receptors were provisionally described as nicotinic acid receptors, although nicotinic acid shows submicromolar potency at HCA2 receptors only and is unlikely to be the natural ligand [60, 65].
Opioid receptors in GtoPdb v.2023.1
Authors: Borsodi Anna , Bruchas Michael , Caló Girolamo , Chavkin Charles , Christie MacDonald J. , Civelli Olivier , Connor Mark , Cox Brian M. , Devi Lakshmi A. , Evans Christopher , Höllt Volker , Henderson Graeme , Husbands Stephen , Kelly Eamonn , Kieffer Brigitte , Kitchen Ian , Kreek Mary-Jeanne , Liu-Chen Lee-Yuan , Malfacini Davide , Massot Dominique , Meunier Jean-Claude , Portoghese Philip S. , Schulz Stefan , Shippenberg Toni S. , Simon Eric J. , Toll Lawrence , Traynor John R. , Ueda Hiroshi , Wong Yung H. , Zaveri Nurulain , Zimmer Andreas
Published: May 2023

Opioid and opioid-like receptors are activated by a variety of endogenous peptides including [Met]enkephalin (met), [Leu]enkephalin (leu), β-endorphin (β-end), α-neodynorphin, dynorphin A (dynA), dynorphin B (dynB), big dynorphin (Big dyn), nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ); endomorphin-1 and endomorphin-2 are also potential endogenous peptides. The Greek letter nomenclature for the opioid receptors, μ, δ and κ, is well established, and NC-IUPHAR considers this nomenclature appropriate, along with the symbols spelled out (mu, delta, and kappa), and the acronyms, MOP, DOP, and KOP [124, 101, 92]. However the acronyms MOR, DOR and KOR are still widely used in the literature. The human N/OFQ receptor, NOP, is considered 'opioid-related' rather than opioid because, while it exhibits a high degree of structural homology with the conventional opioid receptors [304], it displays a distinct pharmacology. Currently there are numerous clinically used drugs, such as morphine and many other opioid analgesics, as well as antagonists such as naloxone. The majority of clinically used opiates are relatively selective μ agonists or partial agonists, though there are some μ/κ compounds, such as butorphanol, in clinical use. κ opioid agonists, such as the alkaloid nalfurafine and the peripherally acting peptide difelikefalin, are in clinical use for itch.
P2Y receptors in GtoPdb v.2023.1
Authors: Abbracchio Maria-Pia , Boeynaems Jean-Marie , Boyer José L. , Burnstock Geoffrey , Ceruti Stefania , Fumagalli Marta , Gachet Christian , Hills Rebecca , Humphries Robert G. , Inoue Kazu , Jacobson Kenneth A. , Kennedy Charles , King Brian F. , Lecca Davide , Müller Christa E. , Miras-Portugal Maria Teresa , Ralevic Vera , Weisman Gary A.
Published: May 2023

P2Y receptors (nomenclature as agreed by the NC-IUPHAR Subcommittee on P2Y Receptors [3, 5, 189]) are activated by the endogenous ligands ATP, ADP, UTP, UDP, UDP-glucose and adenosine. The eight mammalian P2Y receptors are activated by distinct nucleotides: P2Y1, P2Y11, P2Y12 and P2Y13 are activated by adenosine-nucleotides; P2Y2, P2Y4 can be activated by both adenosine and uridine nucleotides, with some species-specific differences; P2Y6 is mainly activated by UDP; P2Y14 is preferentially activated by sugar-uracil nucleotides. The missing numbers in the receptor nomenclature refer either to non-mammalian orthologs or receptors having some sequence homology to P2Y receptors but for which there is no functional evidence of responsiveness to nucleotides [380]. Based on their G protein coupling P2Y receptors can be divided into two subfamilies: P2Y1, P2Y2, P2Y4, P2Y6 and P2Y11 receptors couple via Gq proteins to stimulate phospholipase C followed by increases in inositol phosphates and mobilization of Ca2+ from intracellular stores. P2Y11 receptors couple in addition to Gs proteins followed by increased adenylate cyclase activity. In contrast, P2Y12, P2Y13, and P2Y14 receptors signal primarily through activation of Gi proteins and inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity or control of ion channel activity [380]. Clinically used drugs acting on these receptors include the dinucleoside polyphosphate diquafosol, agonist of the P2Y2 receptor subtype, approved in Japan and South Korea for the management of dry eye disease [238], and the P2Y12 receptor antagonists prasugrel, ticagrelor and cangrelor, all approved as antiplatelet drugs [52, 320].
Parathyroid hormone receptors in GtoPdb v.2023.1
Authors: Bisello Alessandro , Chorev Michael , Friedman Peter A. , Gardella Tom , Hills Rebecca , Jueppner Harald , Martin T. John , Nissenson Robert A. , Potts, Jr. John Thomas , Silve Caroline , Usdin Ted B. , Vilardaga Jean-Pierre
Published: May 2023

The parathyroid hormone receptors (nomenclature as agreed by the NC-IUPHAR Subcommittee on Parathyroid Hormone Receptors [50]) are class B G protein-coupled receptors. The parathyroid hormone (PTH)/parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) receptor (PTH1 receptor) is activated by precursor-derived peptides: PTH (84 amino acids), and PTHrP (141 amino-acids) and related peptides (PTH-(1-34), PTHrP-(1-36)). The parathyroid hormone 2 receptor (PTH2 receptor) is activated by the precursor-derived peptide TIP39 (39 amino acids). [125I]PTH may be used to label both PTH1 and PTH2 receptors. The structure of a long-active PTH analogue (LA-PTH, an hybrid of PTH-(1-13) and PTHrP-(14-36)) bound to the PTH1 receptor-Gs complex has been resolved by cryo-electron microscopy [148]. Another structure of a PTH-(1-34) analog bound to a thermostabilized inactive PTH1 receptor has been obtained with X-ray crytallography [35].
Delta subfamily in GtoPdb v.2023.1
Authors: Uddin Mohib
Published: May 2023

PKCδ and PKCθ are PKC isoforms that are activated by diacylglycerol and may be inhibited by calphostin C, Gö 6983 and chelerythrine.
Platelet-activating factor receptor in GtoPdb v.2023.1
Authors: Hills Rebecca , Ishii Satoshi , Jancar Sonia , McIntyre Thomas , Ninio Ewa , O'Neill Chris , Oliveira Rios Francisco Jose , Travers Jeffery B. , Whittaker Mark
Published: May 2023

Platelet-activating factor (PAF, 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) is an ether phospholipid mediator associated with platelet coagulation, but also subserves inflammatory roles. The PAF receptor (provisional nomenclature recommended by NC-IUPHAR [38]) is activated by PAF and other suggested endogenous ligands are oxidized phosphatidylcholine [74] and lysophosphatidylcholine [98]. It may also be activated by bacterial lipopolysaccharide [91].
Prokineticin receptors in GtoPdb v.2023.1
Authors: Hills Rebecca , Pawson Adam J , Rondard Philippe , Sbai Oualid , Zhou Qun-Yong
Published: May 2023

Prokineticin receptors, PKR1 and PKR2 (provisional nomenclature as recommended by NC-IUPHAR [26]) respond to the cysteine-rich 81-86 amino-acid peptides prokineticin-1 (also known as endocrine gland-derived vascular endothelial growth factor, mambakine) and prokineticin-2 (protein Bv8 homologue). An orthologue of PROK1 from black mamba (Dendroaspis polylepis) venom, mamba intestinal toxin 1 (MIT1, [71]) is a potent, non-selective agonist at prokineticin receptors [46], while Bv8, an orthologue of PROK2 from amphibians (Bombina sp., [49]), is equipotent at recombinant PKR1 and PKR2 [53], and has high potency in macrophage chemotaxis assays, which are lost in PKR1-null mice.
Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase family in GtoPdb v.2023.1
Authors: Uddin Mohib
Published: May 2023

PI3K activation is one of the most important signal transduction pathways used to transmit signals from cell-surface receptors to regulate intracellular processes (cell growth, survival, proliferation and movement). PI3K catalytic (and regulatory) subunits play vital roles in normal cell function and in disease. Progress made in developing PI3K-targeted agents as potential therapeutics for treating cancer and other diseases is reviewed by Fruman et al. (2017) [41].
Integrins in GtoPdb v.2023.1
Authors: Farndale Richard W. , Jarvis Gavin E.
Published: May 2023

Integrins are unusual signalling proteins that function to signal both from the extracellular environment into the cell, but also from the cytoplasm to the external of the cell. The intracellular signalling cascades associated with integrin activation focus on protein kinase activities, such as focal adhesion kinase and Src. Based on this association between extracellular signals and intracellular protein kinase activity, we have chosen to include integrins in the 'Catalytic receptors' section of the database until more stringent criteria from NC-IUPHAR allows precise definition of their classification.Integrins are heterodimeric entities, composed of α and β subunits, each 1TM proteins, which bind components of the extracellular matrix or counter-receptors expressed on other cells. One class of integrin contains an inserted domain (I) in its α subunit, and if present (in α1, α2, α10, α11, αD, αE, αL, αM and αX), this I domain contains the ligand binding site. All β subunits possess a similar I-like domain, which has the capacity to bind ligand, often recognising the RGD motif. The presence of an α subunit I domain precludes ligand binding through the β subunit. Integrins provide a link between ligand and the actin cytoskeleton (through typically short intracellular domains). Integrins bind several divalent cations, including a Mg2+ ion in the I or I-like domain that is essential for ligand binding. Other cation binding sites may regulate integrin activity or stabilise the 3D structure. Integrins regulate the activity of particular protein kinases, including focal adhesion kinase and integrin-linked kinase. Cellular activation regulates integrin ligand affinity via inside-out signalling and ligand binding to integrins can regulate cellular activity via outside-in signalling.Several drugs that target integrins are in clinical use including: (1) abciximab (αIIbβ3) for short term prevention of coronary thrombosis, (2) vedolizumab (α4β7) to reduce gastrointestinal inflammation, and (3) natalizumab (α4β1) in some cases of severe multiple sclerosis.
Ceramide turnover in GtoPdb v.2023.1
Authors: Futerman Anthony H.
Published: May 2023

Ceramides are a family of sphingophospholipids synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum, which mediate cell stress responses, including apoptosis, autophagy and senescence, Serine palmitoyltransferase generates 3-ketosphinganine, which is reduced to dihydrosphingosine. N-Acylation allows the formation of dihydroceramides, which are subsequently reduced to form ceramides. Once synthesized, ceramides are trafficked from the ER to the Golgi bound to the ceramide transfer protein, CERT (COL4A3BP, Q9Y5P4). Ceramide can be metabolized via multiple routes, ensuring tight regulation of its cellular levels. Addition of phosphocholine generates sphingomyelin while carbohydrate is added to form glucosyl- or galactosylceramides. Ceramidase re-forms sphingosine or sphinganine from ceramide or dihydroceramide. Phosphorylation of ceramide generates ceramide phosphate. The determination of accurate kinetic parameters for many of the enzymes in the sphingolipid metabolic pathway is complicated by the lipophilic nature of the substrates.
Hydrolases in GtoPdb v.2023.1
Authors: Alexander Stephen P.H. , Doherty Patrick , Fairlie David , Fowler Christopher J. , Overall Christopher M. , Rawlings Neil , Southan Christopher , Turner Anthony J.
Published: May 2023

Listed in this section are hydrolases not accumulated in other parts of the Concise Guide, such as monoacylglycerol lipase and acetylcholinesterase. Pancreatic lipase is the predominant mechanism of fat digestion in the alimentary system; its inhibition is associated with decreased fat absorption. CES1 is present at lower levels in the gut than CES2 (P23141), but predominates in the liver, where it is responsible for the hydrolysis of many aliphatic, aromatic and steroid esters. Hormone-sensitive lipase is also a relatively non-selective esterase associated with steroid ester hydrolysis and triglyceride metabolism, particularly in adipose tissue. Endothelial lipase is secreted from endothelial cells and regulates circulating cholesterol in high density lipoproteins.
1A. Thyroid hormone receptors in GtoPdb v.2023.1
Authors: Forrest Douglas , Hollenberg Anthony N. , Webb Paul
Published: May 2023

Thyroid hormone receptors (TRs, nomenclature as agreed by the NC-IUPHAR Subcommittee on Nuclear Hormone Receptors [12, 2]) are nuclear hormone receptors of the NR1A family, with diverse roles regulating macronutrient metabolism, cognition and cardiovascular homeostasis. TRs are activated by thyroxine (T4) and thyroid hormone (triiodothyronine). Once activated by a ligand, the receptor acts as a transcription factor either as a monomer, homodimer or heterodimer with members of the retinoid X receptor family. NH-3 has been described as an antagonist at TRs with modest selectivity for TRβ [42].
1F. Retinoic acid-related orphans in GtoPdb v.2023.1
Authors: Jetten Anton , Kang Hong Soon , Takeda Yukimasa
Published: May 2023

Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptors (ROR, nomenclature as agreed by the NC-IUPHAR Subcommittee on Nuclear Hormone Receptors [11, 3]) have yet to be assigned a deﬁnitive endogenous ligand, although RORα may be synthesized with a ‘captured’ agonist such as cholesterol [68, 67].
3.6.5.2 Small monomeric GTPases in GtoPdb v.2023.1
Authors: Faccenda Elena
Published: May 2023

Small G-proteins, are a family of hydrolase enzymes that can bind and hydrolyze guanosine triphosphate (GTP). They are a type of G-protein found in the cytosol that are homologous to the alpha subunit of heterotrimeric G-proteins, but unlike the alpha subunit of G proteins, a small GTPase can function independently as a hydrolase enzyme to bind to and hydrolyze a guanosine triphosphate (GTP) to form guanosine diphosphate (GDP). The best-known members are the Ras GTPases and hence they are sometimes called Ras subfamily GTPases.
1I. Vitamin D receptor-like receptors in GtoPdb v.2023.1
Authors: Christakos Sylvia
Published: May 2023

Vitamin D (VDR), Pregnane X (PXR) and Constitutive Androstane (CAR) receptors (nomenclature as agreed by the NC-IUPHAR Subcommittee on Nuclear Hormone Receptors [50, 1]) are members of the NR1I family of nuclear receptors, which form heterodimers with members of the retinoid X receptor family. PXR and CAR are activated by a range of exogenous compounds, with no established endogenous physiological agonists, although high concentrations of bile acids and bile pigments activate PXR and CAR [50].
Exoenzyme Profiling of Soil Bacteria from Thattekad Bird Sanctuary for Bioprospection
Authors: Thomas Achamma , Sugathan Ramakrishnan , Pillai M. Somasekharan , Sankarshanan Mohan
Published: May 2023

Thattekad bird sanctuary, located in the Western Ghats of Kerala, India, which hosts an unexplored microbial community, is selected for the present investigation. Microbes play a major role in mineral recycling and nutrient absorption by the flora and fauna in the habitat. Various bacterial extracellular enzymes facilitate all these activities. The increasing demand for microbial enzymes in favor of green technology encouraged us to focus on exoenzyme profiling of bacterial isolates from forest soil samples. The present study is aimed at the screening and identification of exoenzyme producing soil bacterial strains isolated from evergreen forests and moist deciduous forests of Thattekad bird sanctuary. In this study, only multienzyme producing bacteria were selected for detailed analysis because such bacteria are highly relevant in multi-enzyme dependent processes such as biowaste degradation. We screened for nine hydrolytic exoenzymes namely, amylase, cellulase, ligninase, pectinase, xylanase, caseinase, gelatinase, esterase and lipase, and identified 79 multienzyme-producing bacterial strains, mostly belonging to phylum Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. Firmicutes from evergreen forests and moist deciduous forests produced a greater number of enzymes compared to Proteobacteria. Also, bacterial strains isolated from evergreen forest soil produced more enzymes compared to moist deciduous forest. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain TBS040 isolated from moist deciduous forest soil was found to produce all the nine enzymes screened. Enzymatic hydrolysis of biowaste using cell free crude enzyme extract from Bacillus velezensis strain TBS064 resulted in enhanced bioethanol production. These findings highlight the importance of screening unexplored habitats for the identification of novel strains, which can contribute to the future of green technology.
Android Based Motorized Screw Jack for a Four Wheeler
Authors: M Vishnu Aadithyan. , K.S Sabaresan , R Sanjith Karthi. , Shanmugam Dr. D. , Mahendran Mr.
Published: May 2023

Abstract: With the increasing levels of technology, the efforts being put to produce any kind of work has been continuously decreasing. The efforts required in achieving the desired output can be effectively and economically be decreased by the implementation of better designs. Power screws are used to convert rotary motion into translatory motion. A screw jack is an example of a power screw in which a small force applied in a horizontal plane is used to raise or lower a large load. The principle on which it works is similar to that of an inclined plane. The mechanical advantage of a screw jack is the ratio of the load applied to the effort applied. The screw jack is operated by turning a lead screw. The height of the jack is adjusted by turning a lead screw and this adjustment can be done either manually or by integrating an electric motor.
The Impact of Microfinance on Socio- Economic Empowerment of Rural Women and Improving the Standard of Living in Karnataka.
Authors: K. G Chikke Gowda , Bhojanna Dr. U
Published: May 2023

Abstract: This study reviews annual reports of NABARD -“Status of Microfinance in India” on microfinance significance through savings by rural poor, financial inclusion, bank linkage and women entrepreneurship through SHGs for the upliftment of the standard of living of the rural poor of Karnataka state over the period from 2016-17 to 2020-21. In conducting this study five moderating variables are identified which are independent in nature and facilitates the act of poverty alleviation through microfinance. The data is being collected from secondary sources and analysed to know how SHGs and bank linkage of rural poor contributing for the women entrepreneurship for the upliftment of the standard of living of rural poor of Karnataka state by increasing savings among the members of SHGs. This Study reviews the amount of credit allocated for different aspects of microfinance to achieve the objectives set at the core
JIRA Ticket Management Clone
Authors: Jha Prof. Suman Kumar , Dwivedi Abhinav , Kumar Anshul , Kumar Pulkit
Published: May 2023

Abstract: All IT companies are popular nowadays as technology is emerging all over the world. Inquiries and incidents from companies and internal customers are routine transactions that are very difficult to track manually. His IT company today uses a ticketing system on a daily basisto keep track of all the records it collects and keep all thelogs. The JIRA ticketing system allows teams to efficientlytrack tasks and issues throughout the project lifecycle. JIRA's main drawback is its limited functionality
Review on Design and Analysis of Drill Head of Boring Machine by using Vibration Conditioning Monitoring
Authors: Bhoyar Dipali , Kumar Sandeep
Published: May 2023

Abstract: In terms of both productivity and product quality, machine tools are now held to high standards in the industrial sector. Vibration is a crucial indicator of a product's quality. If the patterns of vibration produced by machine tools during cutting operations are recognised, the structure of the machine tool may be built in a way that separates its frequency response from the imposed frequency. The most effective method for managing all machining operations and maintaining machinery operation is tool condition monitoring. Monitoring tool condition affects production costs, tool life expectancy, tool quality, dimensional accuracy within a given tolerance, and surface polish in a machine shop. Here, the machining process is entirely dependent on the operator's whims and preferences. So, it is more difficult for a novice operator to identify the tool wear point and it is more difficult for the operator to operate the machine. A systematic process is needed for the machining procedure to get around this challenge. Determining the inherent frequency and mode forms of the radial drilling machine construction is the aim of this research as a consequence. Finite element analysis was used to identify the innate frequencies and mode shapes of the radial drilling machine structure.
Advanced Traffic Control System for Emergency Vehicle
Authors: R Linganagouda
Published: May 2023

Abstract: Traffic congestion is a severe problem in most of the cities across the world and it has become a nightmare for the citizens. It is caused by delay in signal, inappropriate timing of traffic signal ling etc. The delay of traffic light is hard coded and it does not depends on traffic. Therefore for optimizing traffic control, there is an increasing demand in systematic quick automatic system. This paper is designed to develop a density based dynamic traffic signal control. The signal timing changes automatically on sensing the traffic density at the junction. The microcontroller used in this project is Raspberry Pi. The system contains IR sensors (transmitter and receiver) which will be mounted on the either side of the road on poles. It gets activated and receives the signal as the vehicles passes close by it
Thr3ebay: E-commerce Dapp using Blockchain
Authors: Bahadure Mr. Rugved , Khasare Ms. Riya , Mahure Ms. Sakshi , Rathod Mr. Lakhan , Junghare Mr. Satweek , Rathi Prof. N. G.
Published: May 2023

Abstract: Blockchain has the potential to shake the foundation of e-commerce by enabling exchange relations that are trustless and operate without dedicated intermediaries or even central authorities in the case of permissionless blockchains. Furthermore, the exchange of information and value between companies and consumers might change considerably by enabling unified access to immutable data along the entire supply chain. In this paper, we build a Dapp called Thr3ebay which offers buyers and sellers a secure and transparent platform where transactions are conducted directly between participants, without the need for intermediaries. The platform also provides a userfriendly interface for managing wallets and identities, making it easy for users to buy and sell products on the blockchain. We then examine the potential benefits of building a Web3 e-commerce platform, such as increased security, transparency, and trust, as well as the challenges in terms of scalability, user adoption, and interoperability. Key feature of the Thr3ebay Dapp is its integration with various web3 technologies, including IPFS for decentralized file storage, and the Third-web SDK for user authentication and wallet management. The P2P Decentralized app has also developed a custom front-end for the platform using React, making it easy for users to interact with the marketplace. The purpose of building a Web3 e-commerce app is to create a more secure, transparent, and democratic platform for buying and selling goods and services online, while also providing greater trust and confidence for buyers and sellers
Bank Statement Analyzer using SVC
Authors: Sonkamble Dr. Sulochana , Bansode Gaurav , Bhadane Nilima , Jagtap Vikrant , Borse Vinay
Published: May 2023

Abstract: In today’s world money transfer has become an easy process because of evolving technologies in the banking domain , people are doing hundreds of transactions in a day, and thousands in month which makes it difficult to manage their spending’s to have control over their spending.so having the system or technology which analyse the transactions provided it in PDF format like Bank Statement and it provides you back with the data in easy and understandable format that helps you to manage your spending’s will be beneficial for all the users. Bank Statement Analysis is a methodology to study the bank statement provided by various banks as per your spending/earnings. Bank Statement Analysis helps individual to keep track of his/her spending’s and have control over it. It will also help banks to have maximum satisfaction of their members/customers. There are various pre-existing systems , websites which provide the analysis of the bank statement but it’s complexity is high to understand and it cost more than expected for individual to do analysis of his/her bank statement. the output provided by pre-existing systems is not simplified hence it costs time for user to understand and reduces their progress.
Políticas educacionais: repercussões e dissonâncias
Authors: Gonçalves Costa Anderson , Holanda Araújo Karlane
Published: May 2023

No campo de estudo das políticas públicas, em especial, da gestão das políticas sociais, com foco nas políticas educacionais, é considerável a preocupação em compreender as múltiplas formas de atuação do Estado no reordenamento da dinâmica social, reconhecendo, neste universo, os sujeitos demandantes da atenção do Estado, os mecanismos com vistas ao controle social, a pilotagem dos sistemas e redes educacionais, acesso aos direitos sociais e bens culturais encontram-se sob análise. A série de capítulos apresentados nesta obra revela e problematiza algumas repercussões e dissonâncias das políticas educacionais planejadas, implantadas e implementadas pelo Estado brasileiro em seus distintos níveis. O que chama a atenção é o quanto ainda precisa ser realizado para que os compromissos assumidos pelo Estado brasileiro perante a sociedade civil organizada por uma educação pública gratuita, laica, republicana e de qualidade socialmente referenciada e inclusiva de todos, sejam atendidas.
Estudos avançados de teorias do processo, da jurisdição e da ação
Authors: Veiga da Costa Fabrício , Rodrigues Meneghetti Rayssa , Ribeiro Mól Ana Lúcia
Published: May 2023

O livro intitulado “Estudos avançados de Teorias do Processo, da Jurisdição e da Ação” é um convite feito ao leitor interessado em conhecer as proposições teóricas desenvolvidas por autores clássicos que se debruçaram, ao longo da história da humanidade, em compreender a jurisdição, o processo e nos paradigmas dos Estados Liberal, Social e Democrático. Trata-se de coletânea de artigos científicos cujas pesquisas foram realizadas pelos doutorandos da disciplina “Teoria do Processo e Jurisdição, Direitos Fundamentais e Efetividade aplicada ao Estado Democrático de Direito”, oferecida no Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Proteção dos Direitos Fundamentais da Universidade de Itaúna. Nessa obra serão apresentadas reflexões científico-comparativas envolvendo o processo judicial autocrático, visto como mero instrumento do exercício da jurisdição, em contraponto com o modelo constitucional de processo democrático, compreendido como espaço de ampla exauriência argumentativa, de debate isonômico e isomênico dos pontos controversos da demanda, realizado pelos interessados na construção dialógica do provimento final de mérito. Elio Fazzalari, José Alfredo de Oliveira Baracho e Rosemiro Pereira Leal são alguns dos autores pesquisados para demonstrar a importância do processo constitucional democrático como locus de efetivação e de implementação dos direitos fundamentais previstos no plano constituinte e instituinte.
TRANSAKSI PENJUALAN BAJU KONSUMEN SECARA SEPIHAK OLEH MANAJEMEN TAYLOR DI TUNGKOB DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Mustaqim Riza Afrian , Zumara
Published: May 2023

Dalam hukum Islam, jual beli harus terpenuhi rukun dan syarat, di antaranya yaitu barang yang diperjualbelikan harus milik penjual dan dimiliki secara sempurna (milk al-tam). Namun penjualan yang dilakukan salah satu toko taylor di gampong Tungkop Kec. Darussalam Kab. Aceh Besar, melakukan transaksi jual beli tanpa seizin pemiliknya jual beli tersebut dilakukan atas dasar klausula yang dibuat oleh pihak toko yang ditempelkan pada sebuah etalase kaca di toko tersebut. pihak manajemen toko melakukan penjualan atas dasar kerugian yang dialami dan untuk menutupi setiap pengeluaran yang telah dikeluarkan pada proses pembuatan baju tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mengapa Lely taylor melakukan penjualan baju milik konsumen tanpa seizin pemiliknya, bagaimana penetapan harga yang dilakukan oleh pihak taylor pada penjualan baju konsumennya, dan perspektif hukum Islam terhadap keabsahan jual beli yang dilakukan oleh pihak Lely taylor terhadap baju konsumennya. Skripsi ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif analisi, dengan teknik pengumpulan data wawancara dan dokumentasi. Setelah melakukan analisis data, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa penjualan baju kosumen secara sepihak yang dilakukan oleh pihak manajemen toko Lely taylor dilakukan untuk menutupi kerugian yang dikeluarkan selama proses penjahitan baju tersebut dan juga untuk menutupi upah pekerja yang telah bekerja menjahit baju tersebut. Meskipun demikian, dalam hukum Islam tetap harus diupayakan menghubungi pemiliknya agar mendapatkan persetujuan dari pemilik untuk menghindari tindakan gharar, dan tindakan fasid pada barang yang diperjualbelikan dalam transaksi jual beli disebabkan tidak sempurnanya terpenuhi syarat dari transaksi jual beli. Dengan demikian jual beli yang dilakukan oleh pihak Lely Taylor tidak sah menurut ketentuan hukum Islam.
TINJAUAN HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH TERHADAP SISTEM BAGI HASIL NGAWALI KORO
Authors: Eriyanti Nahara
Published: May 2023

Pada dasarnya dalam teori bagi hasil yang ada dalam Islam disebut akad Mudharabah yaitu kerja sama antara dua pihak untuk menjalankan suatu usaha tertentu, di mana pihak pertama sebagai pemilik modal kemudian pihak kedua sebagai pengelola. Hal ini berlaku pula pada kegiatan kerjasama di bidang peternakan kerbau atau biasa disebut Ngawali Koro di Desa Tungel Kecamatan Rikit Gaib Kabupaten Gayo Lues, Namun pada praktiknya Pembagian keuntungan dari hasil Ngawali koro hanya dilakukan jika kerbau sudah beranak minimal tiga ekor, di situlah si pemilik  modal akan membagi satu ekor kerbau kepada si pengelola sebagai hitungan bagi hasil. Penelitian ini bertujuan Untuk mengetahui Bagaimana pelaksanaan perjanjian kerja sama bagi hasil Ngawali Koro , serta tinjauan hukum ekonomi syariah terhadap sistem bagi hasil pada masyarakat di Desa Tungel, kecamatan Rikit Gaib, Kabupaten Gayo Lues. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian Lapangan (field research) yang dilaksanakan di Desa Tungel, Untuk mendapatkan data yang valid, peneliti menggunakan beberapa metode pengumpul data yaitu wawancara, dokumentasi dan observasi setelah data tersebut terkumpul maka dianalisis menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan bagi hasil hewan ternak di Desa Tungel Kecamatan Rikit Gaib Kabupaten Gayo Lues menggunakan sistem Nisbah bagi hasil keuntungan yang akan diberikan dalam bentuk anak kerbau bukan upah. Ketika hewan ternak itu sudah beranak minimal tiga ekor, maka si pemilik  modal akan membagi satu ekor kerbau kepada si pengelola sebagai hitungan bagi hasil. Praktik pembagian keuntungan pada kerjasama Ngawali Koro tidak sesuai dengan konsep mudharabah dalam Islam, karena pembagian keuntungan terdapat unsur ketidakjelasan kepada pengelola kerbau tersebut.
ANALISIS PENERAPAN IJĀRAH BIL MANFA’AH PADA SISTEM PANJAR DALAM SEWA MENYEWA RUMAH
Authors: Afrian Mustaqim Riza , Batavia Nada
Published: May 2023

Sekalipun sewa menyewa rumah dengan sistem panjar sudah menjadi praktik umum dalam masyarakat khususnya di Kecamatan Syiah Kuala Kota Banda Aceh, namun jika dirujuk dari Literatur Fiqh Islam, sesungguhnya masih terdapat perbedaan pendapat ulama tentang kebolehannya. Sebagian ulama berpendapat jual beli dengan menggunakan uang panjar tidak sah, sedangkan dari kalangan ulama lainnya menyatakan bahwa jual beli dengan meggunakan uang panjar sah dan boleh dilakukan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui bagaimanakah sistem panjar dalam sewa menyewa rumah di Kecamatan Syiah Kuala Kota Banda Aceh dan bagaimanakah tinjauan konsep ijārah bil manfa’ah terhadap sistem panjar dalam sewa menyewa rumah di Kecamatan Syiah Kuala Kota Banda Aceh. Metode yang digunakan adalah  deskriptif kualitatif, sumber pengumpulan data yang diperoleh dari penelitian lapangan (field research) dan studi kepustakaan (library research). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, praktik sewa menyewa rumah di Kecamatan Syiah Kuala Kota Banda Aceh, penyewa harus membayar uang panjar minimal 20 % dari harga total. Apabila calon penyewa membatalkan sewa rumah maka uang panjar tersebut tidak dikembalikan atau hangus. Tinjauan fiqh muamalah terhadap praktik urbun pada penyewaan rumah belum sepenuhnya sesuai, berdasarkan jumhur ulama bahwasanya, urbun mengandung unsur gharar dikarenakan ketidakjelasan terhadap batas maksimal pembayaran, sehingga penyewa dan pihak pemilik rumah sewa sama-sama mengalami kerugian.
BAGI HASIL DALAM BIDANG PERTANIAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Nasrun Mahdalena
Published: May 2023

Bagi hasil di bidang pertanian telah dipraktikkan di sebagian besar daerah Indonesia dengan berbagai macam corak; musaqah, al-muzara’ah, al mukhabarah. Hanya saja, khususnya hasil pertanian belum mampu bersaing dengan produk pertanian negara lain. Hal ini dapat dibuktikan dengan membandingkan produk-produk pertanian lokal dan luar di pasar modern maupun tradisional. Selain pada produk, permasalahan utama juga pada kesejahteraan petani. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode tematik pada hadis al-muzara’ah dan al-mukhabarah. Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan metode hadis tematik menunjukkan ada perbedaan pemahaman di kalangan ulama. Bagi hasil di bidang pertanian ini memiliki dua pemahaman, yaitu membolehkan dan melarang. Praktiknya di Indonesia mengikuti aliran atau paham dari Ibnu Abbas, imam Nawawi dkk yang membolehkan adanya bagi hasil dalam bidang pertanian dengan bagian tertentu
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Pekerja Dengan Perjanjian Kerja Waktu Tertentu Di Indomaret Cabang Bireuen Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 Tentang Cipta kerja
Authors: Soraya Ade
Published: May 2023

Perjanjian Kerja Waktu Tertentu adalah perjanjian kerja antara pekerja/buruh dengan pengusahauntuk mengadakan hubungan kerja dalam waktu tertentu atau untuk pekerjaan tertentu. Perjanjian Kerja Waktu Tertentu  didasarkan atas jangka waktu atau selesainya suatu pekerjaan tertentu berdasarkan perjanjian kerja.Pasal mengenai Perjanjian Kerja Waktu Tertentu di atur dalam Pasal 59 Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja. Perusahaan Indomaret cabang Bireuen yang bergerak dalam bidang waralaba harus patuh dan menerapkan ketentuan yang terdapat dalam peraturan Undang-undang Nomor 11 tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk-bentuk perlindungan hukum terhadap pekerja dengan perjanjian kerja waktu tertentu atau pekerja kontrak di Indomaret cabang Bireuen dan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang menjadi hambatan terlaksananya perlindungan hukum terhadap pekerja/buruh di Indomaret cabang Bireuen. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian secara yuridis empiris, yaitu suatu pendekatan yang mengacu pada peraturan-peraturan tertulis untuk melihat penerapan pelaksanaannya melalui suatu penelitian lapangan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa perlindungan hukum terhadap pekerja dengan perjanjian kerja waktu tertentu di Indomaret cabang Bireuen dapat dikatakan sudah sesuai dengan aturan yang berlaku. Namun masih terdapat beberapa bentuk perlindungan hukum yang masih belum dilaksanakan sepenuhnya seperti pekerja yang masih harus bekerjamelebihi jam kerja yang seharusnya. Ada beberapa faktor yang menghambat terlaksananya perlindungan hukum terhadap pekerja/buruh, antara lain kurangnya kesadaran hukum dari pihak pengusaha atau perusahaan dan pekerja, dan faktor yang berkaitan dengan perjanjian kerja.
Perancangan Game Interaktif Mengenal Covid-19 Menggunakan Mit App Inventor
Authors: Basrul  , Izza Hafizhu
Published: May 2023

Tujuan perancangan game edukasi cegah covid-19 diharapkan game ini memberikan gambaran untuk pemain game  bahwa coronavirus sangat berbahaya maka dengan game ini dapat untuk mematuhi protocol Kesehatan. Bagi anak-anak bermain game bukan hanya sekedar hiburan tetapi bisa juga menjadi sarana edukasi tentang covid-19. Berbeda dengan game kebanyakan, yang satu ini mengajak pemainnya untuk belajar tentang covid-19. Tentunya permainan ini akan membantu anak atau siswa untuk belajar dengan cara yang menyenangkan dan siswa dapat belajar tentang pandemi covid-19. Terkait pandemi, pengguna masih bisa mempelajari Covid-19 sambil memainkan game yang memiliki versi Android.
Implementasi Metode Prototype Pada Pembuatan Sistem Informasi Hadih Maja Berbasis Website
Authors: Bustami  , Hanin Khairat Islami  , Mira Maisura  , Mulkan Fadhli
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh beberapa permasalahan terkait dengan degradasi pengetahuan masyarakat Aceh khususnya kaum melenial terhadap budaya Hadih maja. Salah satu permasalahannya adalah tidak tersedianya sumber belajar yang memadai baik media cetak maupun elektronik yang membahas mengenai hadih maja. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk membangun sebuah sistem informasi khusus yang berisikan kumpulan hadih maja beserta arti dan maknanya. Selain itu, sistem ini juga dirancang untuk dapat digunakan oleh masyarakat untuk berkontribusi dalam melestarikan Hadih maja dengan ikut berpartisipasi menginput Hadih maja yang diketahuinya ke dalam sistem. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengembangan sistem ini adalah metode prototype, sedangkan pengujiannya, digunakan metode Black Box. Adapun hasil dari pengujiannya nilai persetanse kesesuaian setiap fungsi yang dimiliki adalah 84%, yang berarti sistem yang sudah dibangun memiliki tingkat kesesuaiannya sangat sesuai.
PRAKTIK MEKANISME PENETAPAN HARGA JUAL BELI PADI DI KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR
Authors: Darmawan Reza , Armiadi Musa  , Hafas Furqani
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study is to discuss the practice of determining the selling and buying price of rice that is practiced by the people in Aceh Besar district. In this practice, there are two times for determinations the sale and purchase price of rice which is considered to contain an element of gharar in the second price determination. This research will explain: how the mechanism of the practice, a review of Islamic law related to the practice, whether the practice can be practiced in other areas. This study uses field research methods with data collection techniques in the form of interviews. The results of the study concluded: (1) In the practice of two times price determination buying and selling rice, there are three types of contracts used, that is the ba'i, hybrid contract between ba'i and wadiah and a hybrid contract between ba'i and qardh. (2) The practice using a ba'i is legal by refers to the rules of ushul fiqh related to the basic law of muamalah that is mubah. The legality is also supported by urf which is able to bring benefit even though it contains elements of gharar in it. The element of gharar in the second price fixing is considered gharar yasir which is legal because it has become 'urf that is able to present benefits and mutual pleasure towards the consequences that arise from the gharar element. Two other types of contracts, a hybrid contract between ba’i with wadiah and a hybrid contract between ba’i with qardh according to the Islamic law riview, they are not contrary to Islamic Law. (3) Although in real terms this practice can increase farmers' income, this practice cannot be practiced in other areas.

Keywords: Price determination mechanism, Gharar, Hybrid Contract
Perempuan Bali dalam Pengelolaan Pariwisata di Bali
Authors: Prasiasa Dewa Putu Oka , Komalasari Yeyen , Widari Dewa Ayu Diyah Sri
Published: May 2023

Women are often positioned as marginal people in various fields of life, including the position of Balinese women in managing tourism in Bali. This article aims to analyze the position of Balinese women in tourism management in Bali. This research is a literature study with a qualitative descriptive analysis. This research found that Balinese women are very enthusiastic as homeworkers because they are related to domestic activities. These symptoms are related to the ideological superstructure and work ethic. This study also found that social structure and material infrastructure strengthen the work ethic. Balinese women think that work is yadnya, needs to be carried out and practiced to improve self-quality. Even though Balinese women experience injustice in the management of tourism in Bali, they are still eager to earn a living.

Abstrak

Perempuan sering diposisikan sebagai kaum marginal dalam berbagai bidang kehidupan, termasuk posisi perempuan Bali dalam pengelolaan pariwisata di Bali. Artikel ini bertujuan menganalisis posisi perempuan Bali dalam pengelolaan pariwisata di Bali. Penelitian ini merupakan studi literatur dengan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini menemukan perempuan Bali amat bergairah sebagai pekerja rumahan karena berkaitan dengan kegiatan domestik. Gejala ini terkait dengan superstruktur ideologi dan etos kerja. Penelitian ini juga menemukan struktur sosial dan infrastruktur material memberikan penguatan terhadap etos kerja. Perempuan Bali menganggap kerja adalah yadnya, perlu dilaksanakan serta diamalkan untuk peningkatan kualitas diri. Meskipun perempuan Bali mengalami ketidakadilan dalam pengelolaan pariwisata di Bali, namun mereka tetap bersemangat untuk memperoleh nafkah.
Permasalahan Sosial Dalam Novel “Majdulin” Karya Al-Manfalouti
Authors: Trisnady Ivan Aulia
Published: May 2023

Sastra adalah bentuk imajinasi pengarang yang mampu mengubah pandangan pembaca terhadap kehidupan masyarakat. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa setiap kali terjadi perubahan dalam kehidupan masyarakat, perubahan serupa juga terjadi pada karya sastra. Dari perspektif sosiologis, berbagai tingkat studi masyarakat dapat dipertimbangkan, dan interpretasi sosiologis didasarkan pada ciri-ciri umum dan seringkali implisit, bahkan banyak interpretasi sosiologis tentangnya, sebagai salah satu makna yang diberikan sosiolog kepada masyarakat. Penafsiran kata tersebut justru memberikan tempatnya pada setiap tingkatan, yaitu dimulai dari salah satu tingkatan tersebut Apa yang terjadi dijelaskan dan diamati dalam kaitannya dengan tingkatan lainnya Konsensus terkini yang berasal dari ilmu ini adalah perbedaan antara ketiga tingkatan : Sedang dan Besar. Pada masing-masing tingkat ini, pemeriksaan cermat dilakukan terhadap praktik individu pada tingkat kecil, kelompok dengan kelanjutan tertentu pada tingkat menengah, dan masyarakat total pada tingkat terakhir.