bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Minería y Estado: una relación permisiva
Authors: Alonso Aleida Azamar
Published: January 2020

ResumenMéxico se ha convertido en un país de referencia mundial en cuanto a potencial y facilidades para el desarrollo de megaproyectos en el sector minero. Esto se debe en parte a las múltiples reformas legislativas en materia energética y de dominio eminente de la tierra que se dieron desde la década de los noventa y se consolidaron en el sexenio pasado. En este trabajo se estudian las propuestas legislativas en materia minera, así como la agenda del sector conla intención de valorar los aspectos que inﬂuyen en el desarrollo del escenario minero nacional. Asimismo, se muestran diferentes formas de manipulación que el Estado y las empresas han utilizado para que las comunidades accedan a la instalación de proyectos mineros.Palavras clave: Megaminería. Extractivismo. Legislación. Strategias de manipulación.MINING AND STATE: A PERMISSIVE RELATIONSHIPAbstractMexico has become a country of global reference in terms of potential and facilities for the development of the mining sector. This is due in part to the multiple legislative reforms on energy and eminent domain of the land that occurred since the nineties and were consolidated in the last six years.In this paper we study the legislative proposals in mining matters, as well as thesector’s agenda with the intention of assesing the aspects that influence the development of national mining scenario. Also, different forms of manipulation are shown that the State and the companies have used for the communities to access the installation of mining projects.Keywords: Mega-mining. Extractivism. Legislation. Manipulation strategies.
Wino, ciemierzyca i mirra albo o lekarzach i ich pacjentach. Analiza fragmentu V księgi „De materia medica” Dioskurydesa
Authors: Kokoszko Maciej , Rzeźnicka Zofia
Published: January 2020

Artykuł stanowi analizę fragmentu piątej księgi traktatu De materia medica spisanego w I w. n.e. przez Dioskurydesa, wybitnego znawcę substancji leczniczych. Autorzy omawiają w nim passus z rozdziału poświęconego winom o działaniu terapeutycznym z dodatkiem ciemierzycy przez pryzmat ingrediencji wykorzystywanych do aromatyzowania poszczególnych trunków. Zwracają uwagę, że dobór tych ostatnich uzależniony był nie tylko od właściwości leczniczych, lecz także od sytuacji materialnej pacjenta.

Informacje te stają się punktem wyjścia do rozważań na temat roli wina w antycznej praktyce medycznej. Autorzy zauważają, że mogło być ono wzbogacane powszechnie dostępnymi dodatkami lub ingrediencjami importowanymi z odległych krain. Wśród tych ostatnich szczególną uwagę poświęcają mirrze. Dodatek tej egzotycznej i kosztownej żywicy sprawiał bowiem, że wspomniany napitek cieszył się w antyku szczególnym uznaniem zarówno ze względu na wyjątkowe walory smakowe, jak i działanie farmakologiczne.

Poprzez zestawienie receptur Autorzy zwracają uwagę na kilka kwestii dotyczących społeczeństwa obszaru basenu Morza Śródziemnego w epoce antyku. Po pierwsze, ukazują przekrój społeczny pacjentów Dioskurydesa. Po drugie, obrazują kompetencje lekarza jako osoby umiejętnie dostosowującej poszczególne medykamenty do możliwości finansowych chorych. Po trzecie, uzasadniają powszechność i popularność zagadnień związanych z medycyną w ówczesnym społeczeństwie. W końcu udowadniają, że traktaty medyczne mogą stanowić cenne źródło w badaniach nad historią gospodarczą i społeczną starożytności.
Zamach na życie króla Szwecji Gustawa III w świetle polskojęzycznej prasy warszawskiej z 1792 roku
Authors: Anusik Zbigniew , Karkocha Małgorzata
Published: January 2020

W artykule autorzy przybliżają kwestie związane z zamachem na życie króla Szwecji Gustawa III, dokonanym na balu maskowym w sztokholmskiej operze w nocy z 16 na 17 marca 1792 r. W pierwszej części tekstu przedstawiono pokrótce sylwetkę i dokonania tego władcy panującego w latach 1771–1792. Gustaw III przeszedł do historii jako autor dwóch zamachów stanu –z 1772 i 1789 r. Po pierwszym z nim zakończona została w dziejach Szwecji „epoka wolności”. Drugi pozwolił królowi skupić pełnię władzy w jego rękach. W ostatnich latach życia władca Szwecji planował zorganizowanie monarchistycznej krucjaty przeciwko rewolucyjnej Francji. Jego zamiary zostały jednak zniweczone przez zamach z 16 marca 1792 r. W drugiej części artykułu, opierając się na doniesieniach prasy warszawskiej, przedstawiono przebieg zamachu na życie króla, ostatnie chwile życia władcy, jego śmierć i uroczystości pogrzebowe. Omówiono również przebieg śledztwa, proces i wyroki na królobójców. Uzupełniając doniesienia prasowe o ustalenia literatury przedmiotu, udało się uzyskać w miarę pełny i nieopracowany dotąd na gruncie polskim obraz zasygnalizowanego w tytule zagadnienia.
Siła i bezsilność cesarza Walensa, gorliwego chrześcijanina a zarazem wroga chrześcijan w ujęciu Sokratesa z Konstantynopola
Authors: Bralewski Sławomir
Published: January 2020

Cesarza Walensa, sprawującego rządy w latach 364–378, łączy się przede wszystkim ze straszliwą i brzemienną w skutki klęską poniesioną przez wojska rzymskie w starciu z Gotami pod Adrianopolem 9 sierpnia 378 r., w której on sam poniósł śmierć. Chrześcijanie, zwolennicy nicejskiego credo z roku 325, odczytywali jego nagły zgon jako karę Bożą za prześladowanie prawowiernych chrześcijan, za których oni sami się uważali. Sokrates z Konstantynopola, autor Historii kościelnej, będącej kontynuacją dzieła Euzebiusza z Cezarei, dostrzegł w postępowaniu cesarza Walensa sprzeczność. Historyk ów widział w nim zarówno zagorzałego chrześcijanina, który w swej wierze kierował się gorliwością, jak i wroga chrześcijan, prowadzącego przeciwko nim wojnę. Sprzeczność tę Sokrates kładł na karb samego władcy, który choć przekonany o swej wielkiej gorliwości religijnej, za nic miał zasady religii chrześcijańskiej, którymi winien się kierować. Jeśli chodzi natomiast o tytułową siłę i bezsilność, to stwierdzić trzeba, że w przekonaniu Sokratesa z Konstantynopola siła cesarza Walensa była tylko pozorna, choć na jego rozkaz przelano niemało chrześcijańskiej krwi. Bezsilność wspomnianego władcy obnażyli najpierw sami prześladowani przez niego chrześcijanie, a ostatecznie uczynił to sam Bóg, zsyłając na Imperium Romanum różnorakie kataklizmy, a na samego Walensa śmierć niegodną cesarza bez należnego mu pochówku.
Aliança estratégica como forma de incrementar o poder de mercado de agrodistribuidores
Authors: Moraes Ana Paula Bagaiolo , Santos Marcelo Elias Dos , Liboni Lara Bartocci
Published: January 2020

As mudanças de mercado incentivam os agrodistribuidores a experimentarem novas configurações e fazem da cooperação uma necessidade para o agronegócio. Um comportamento esperado é a formação de alianças com concorrentes para ampliar a atuação no mercado. Diante disso, este artigo teve como objetivo analisar a fusão empresarial entre dois agrodistribuidores situados no Estado de Minas Gerais do ponto de vista do posicionamento e poder de mercado aplicando a matriz SWOT. Para tanto, optou-se por um estudo de caso de caráter qualitativo, bibliográfico e descritivo que teve como fonte de dados entrevistas e documentos. Após realizar o diagnóstico com a matriz SWOT os dados das revendas foram interpretados com a análise relacional. Os resultados demonstram que a aliança é uma estratégia importante para conservar recursos, dividir riscos, disponibilizar novas informações, aumentar o poder de negociação com fornecedores e aumentar o acesso a clientes por segmento. Além disso, ficou claro que não explorar o mercado de silagem pode ser uma ameaça e o posicionamento dos fornecedores em relação a nova constituição do grupo uma oportunidade. Destacaram-se ainda o potencial das ferramentas gerenciais e a necessidade de desenvolver indicadores para o processo de fusão, com o objetivo de antecipar novas aquisições no setor.
KARAKTERISTIK LEADER OF CHANGE DALAM PEMBENTUKAN BUDAYA KERJA DAN PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA BERBASIS SPRITUALITY DI KUALITA PENDIDIKAN INDONESIA (KPI) SURABAYA
Authors: Hadi Saiful , El-kafi Habibi
Published: January 2020

This study attempts to understand the implementation of the principles of Islamic education management to make changes towards the advancement of an organization in the industrial era 4.0, that work culture and work productivity in an organization specifically in the field of educational services can be approached by growing the character of leader of change based on values spirituality. That aspects of changes in performance and work productivity can be influenced by the spiritual culture of an organization, especially in the pattern of leadership that is carried out. Also exploring leadership in this article can be seen, namely: a), how leaders create change; b) Characteristics of Leader of Changes based on spirituality; c), the Role of the Leader of Change in the formation of work culture and work productivity based on spirituality. The research method used uses a qualitative design in a descriptive way to understand deeply about leadership at KPI Surabaya, whose data is extracted through observing work dynamics and institutional performance, interviews with key informants (Executive Directors) in carrying out agency activities and efforts to document performance products KPI. Furthermore, the data obtained is processed in accordance with the theme and sub-themes obtained in the field. The research results obtained are; The way leaders create change, i.e. a) keep their employees in an uncomfortable zone, with work targets in programs that are made realistically every year so that it is measured in productivity of institutional performance, b) that the leadership character is based on the performance of the leader of the leader that partnerships. The character of leadership is more to the partnership as if there are no limits. Then personal excellence (personal excellence). Likes to explore and develop knowledge so that he at KPI is called a multy talent. as well as the most visible spiritual character of the power of honesty (integrity) and c) The Indonesian Educational Quality (KPI) Surabaya, which is forming the culture of "IMPROVE", Integrity, Mathurity, Professional, Rare, On Fire, Vastly and Ethics at Kualita Pendidikan Indonesia (KPI) Surabaya, and as a designer of the formation of productivity programs.
A Déli-Mátrában végzett gyepkezelési eljárások hatása a magyar aknászpók (Nemesia pannonica Herman, 1879) abundanciájára
Authors: Szmatona-Túri Tünde , Vona-Túri Diána , Magos Gábor
Published: January 2020

Munkánk során a kaszálás és a cserjeirtás hatását vizsgáltuk a védett, szubmediterrán elterjedésű magyar aknászpók (Nemesia pannonica Herman, 1879) abundanciájára a Gyöngyösi Sár-hegy természetvédelmi területen és a Mátrai Tájvédelmi Körzet (Gyöngyössolymos) területén. A mintavételezést 2007–2010 és 2012–2015 között végeztük élvefogó, illetve Barber-csapdás gyűjtéssel, mely során a N. pannonica 216 egyedét sikerült begyűjteni. Hím példányai mellett petékkel rendelkező nőstény egyedek is kerültek a csapdákba, mely korábbi vizsgálatokkal ellentétben igazolja, hogy alkalmanként a nőstények is elhagyják tárnáikat. A faj a kaszált és a cserjeirtott területeken jelentősen nagyobb abundanciával volt jelen, mint a kezeletlen élőhelyeken. Adataink alapján elmondhatjuk, hogy az élőhely-rekonstrukciós kezelések kedvező hatással voltak az egyedszám alakulására, ezért a faj megóvásának egyik módja lehet az élőhelyek fenntartása és helyreállítása.
Pest-közeli önkormányzatok viszonya egy inváziós fajhoz, a mirigyes bálványfához
Authors: Demeter András , Czóbel Szilárd , Limp Tibor , Csépányi Péter , Kovács Eszter
Published: January 2020

Az idegenhonos inváziós fajok terjedése a hazai és nemzetközi természetvédelem egyik legnagyobb problémája, ezért az ezzel kapcsolatos ismeretanyag bővítése szükségszerűvé vált. Hazánkban a mirigyes bálványfa komoly ökológiai és gazdasági károkat okoz. Terjedése gyakran lakott területekről, és utak mentén történik. Kutatásunk során a Pilisi Parkerdővel kapcsolatban álló 91, többségében Pest megyei önkormányzatnak küldtünk ki kérdőívet, mely a mirigyes bálványfa felismerésére, tulajdonságainak ismeretére, terjedésére, megfékezésére fókuszált. Kérdőívünket 68 önkormányzat töltötte ki. A válaszokból kiderült, hogy a fajt többnyire felismerik, de tulajdonságaival már kevésbé vannak tisztában az önkormányzatok illetékesei. A bálványfát felismerők nagy része megerősítette, hogy településén jelen van, főként utak mentén, lakott területen kívül találkoznak vele. Kevesen és többnyire nem a megfelelő módszerrel próbálták visszaszorítani, de érdekli őket a bálványfával kapcsolatos probléma, és nyitottak a megoldást elősegíteni.
Az eurázsiai hód (Castor fiber) táplálkozási és fásszárú-használati szokásaival kapcsolatos helyi tudás két évtizeddel a visszatelepítések kezdete után a Kárpát-medencében
Authors: Juhász Erika , Babai Dániel , Biró Marianna , Molnár Zsolt , Ulicsni Viktor
Published: January 2020

Az eurázsiai hód táplálkozásával és a fásszárú fajok hódok általi használatával kapcsolatos helyi ökológiai tudást a Kárpát-medence három tájában, a Kászoni-medencében (Románia), a Szigetközben és a Mura mentén (Magyarország) strukturált interjúk segítségével vizsgáltuk. A táplálkozási szokásokat, az életmódot, illetve a kidöntött vagy megrágott fásszárú fajokat illetően számos megfigyelés, adat gyűlt össze. Az összegyűjtött információk gyakran pontosak, máskor viszont nem egyeznek a tudomány álláspontjával. A helyiek szerint a hódok legtöbbször az adott területen uralkodó fásszárúakat használják, melyek Kászonban a Salix fragilis és az Alnus incana, a Szigetközben és a Mura-mentén a Salix alba és a Populus spp. Olykor preferencia-különbségekről is említést tettek. Több Mura menti adatközlő említett kukoricaszárból épült hódvárakat. A helyi lakosság tapasztalatai értékes információkkal gazdagíthatják a tudományos eredményeket, ugyanakkor a természetvédelemmel kapcsolatos kommunikáció során érdemes figyelembe venni a tudományostól eltérő helyi véleményeket.
A fás legelők és legelőerdők használata magyarországi pásztorok és gazdálkodók tudása alapján
Authors: Varga Anna , Samu Zoltán Tamás , Molnár Zsolt
Published: January 2020

A hagyományos ökológiai tudás a biológiai és kulturális örökség meghatározó eleme, mely számos élőhelytípus védelméhez elengedhetetlen információval szolgál. Ilyen élőhelyek például az agrár-erdészeti rendszerek közé tartozó fás legelők és legelőerdők, melyek iránt az utóbbi években a természetvédelem és az agrárium részéről is jelentősen megnőtt az érdeklődés. Célunk, hogy felvázoljuk az ezekre az élőhelyekre vonatkozó, ma is élő hagyományos ökológiai tudást. Kutatásunk során Magyarország 28 településén vagy azok határában 52 pásztorral és gazdálkodóval készítettünk interjút. Sok helyen a mai napig a hagyományos ökológiai tudáson alapul a fás legelőkön és legelőerdőkön történő legeltetés. A pásztorok és gazdálkodók az élővilágról, ökológiai folyamatokról és a legeltetésnek a legelők hosszú távú fenntartásában betöltött szerepéről is mély ismerettel rendelkeznek. Mindemellett kiemelendő, hogy bár egyre kevesebb, mégis számos – régi pásztorcsaládból való és újonnan lett – pásztor legeltet fás legelőkön is, akik a régiek tudását megbecsülik, fontosnak tartják a hagyományok továbbadását és a természet tiszteletét. A hagyományos ökológiai tudás alkalmazása a kiemelkedő természeti, valamint kulturális értékkel bíró gazdálkodás folytatása mellett hozzájárul a pásztorok szellemi kulturális örökségének és közösségének továbbéltetéséhez.
Az Egyek-pusztakócsi mocsarak (Hortobágyi Nemzeti Park) kétéltűfaunája
Authors: Mester Béla , Szabolcs Márton , Szalai Mónika , Tóth Mihály , Mérő Thomas Oliver , Szepesváry Csaba , Polyák László , Puky Miklós , Lengyel Szabolcs
Published: January 2020

A kétéltűek (Amphibia) globálisan az egyik legveszélyeztetettebb élőlénycsoport, ezért elterjedésük ismerete alapvetően fontos, különösen olyan védett területeken, ahonnan kevés a korábbi információ és aktív beavatkozások zajlanak. Jelen munkánkban összesítjük az Egyek-pusztakócsi mocsarak területén több korábbi vizsgálatban végzett felméréseink faunisztikai eredményeit, melyeket ötféle mintavételi módszerrel gyűjtöttünk 15 darab 2,5x2,5 kilométeres UTM cellában. Összesen 11 kétéltűfaj (pettyes gőte, dunai tarajosgőte, vöröshasú unka, barna ásóbéka, barna varangy, zöld varangy, zöld levelibéka, mocsári béka, kis tavibéka, nagy tavibéka, kecskebéka) 14 362 egyedét figyeltük meg. A hat legjobban felmért UTM négyzet között nem volt jelentős eltérés a diverzitás tekintetében. Két 10x10 kilométeres UTM négyzet (DT86 és 96) esetében öt és hét faj jelenlétével bővültek ismereteink. Nagy állományokkal volt jelen két Natura 2000-es jelölőfaj, a vöröshasú unka és a dunai tarajosgőte. Eredményeink szerint a mocsárrendszer a tájrehabilitációs beavatkozásoknak köszönhetően értékes és diverz kétéltűfaunának szolgál otthonául, ezért megfelelő kezelése és védelme kiemelt fontossággal bír.
A legeltetés hosszú távú hatásai a kiskunsági füves pusztákon
Authors: Kiss Tímea , Penksza Károly
Published: January 2020

A vizsgálatok a Kiskunságban, a Bugac település melletti száraz gyepi legelőn és a Tatárszentgyörgy település melletti nedves legelőn történtek. A cönológiai felvételek három zónában készültek. Az első zónába az állattartó telephez közeli 0–50 m-re („A” zóna), a második zónába az állattartó teleptől 50–150 m-re („B” zóna), a harmadik zónába az állattartó teleptől több, mint 150 m-re („C” zóna) található kvadrátok tartoztak. Eredményeink alapján a többi felvételtől jól elkülönültek a karámhoz közeli “A” zóna kvadrátjai. A vizsgálati években itt volt a legalacsonyabb a fajszám és a diverzitás. A bugaci területen a „C” zóna diverzitás értéke nőtt a vizsgált időszakban, azonban még mindig elmaradt a „B” zónától. A nedves fekvésű tatárszentgyörgyi gyepben a természetvédelmi értékeket is megőrző gyepösszetétel kialakulása a karámtól távolabb lévő területen („C” kategória), a kisebb legeltetési nyomás mellett valósult meg
A szervesanyag lebontás lehetséges háttérmechanizmusai védett homokpusztagyepeken
Authors: Seres Anikó , Szakálas Judit , Nagy Péter , Boros Gergely , Kampfl Györgyi , Ónodi Gábor , Kröel-Dulay György
Published: January 2020

A holt szervesanyag lebomlása a szénkörforgalom egyik fontos eleme. Kísérletünk az ExDrain (Extreme Drought and Chronic Rain Manipulation Experiment) projektben kapott lebontási mintázatok magyarázatához szolgáltat adatokat. Eddigi eredményeink alapján jelentős különbségeket találtunk a fülöpházi védett homokpusztagyepeken a két domináns fűfaj (Festuca vaginata, Stipa borysthenica) hajtásainak és gyökereinek lebomlási sebességében. Azonban arról, hogy a mikrobiális bontáson túl a talajfauna mely tagjai és milyen mértékben vesznek részt a lebontásban, nincsen információnk. Ez egy szélsőségesen száraz terület, a makrofauna tagjai szinte teljesen hiányoznak. Ezért valószínűsíthető, hogy a mezofaunához tartozó ugróvillások nemcsak indirekt módon, a mikroba populációk szabályozásával, hanem direkt módon, a talajba került szervesanyagok elfogyasztásával is jelentős mértékben részt vesznek a lebontó folyamatokban. Laboratóriumi vizsgálatunk során a kérdéseink a következőek voltak: (i) kimutatható-e preferencia az ugróvillások táplálékválasztásában a két domináns fűfaj gyökerei és hajtásai, illetve egyazon faj gyökere és hajtása között? (ii) Milyen háttérváltozókkal (a növények kémiai összetétele) magyarázható ez a preferencia? A táplálékválasztási tesztekben kapott eredmények jól magyarázzák az előzetes terepi vizsgálatainkban kapott adatokat, mivel a gyorsabban bomló fűfajok illetve növényi részek iránti preferencia egyértelműen kimutatható volt. A magas lignin- és alacsony N tartalmú táplálékot az állatok mind a laboratóriumban, mind a terepen elkerülték.
Gyomfajok fémakkumulációjának vizsgálata szennyezett területen
Authors: Tőzsér Dávid
Published: January 2020

A növényzetnek fontos szerepe van a szennyezett talajok kezelésében. Munkánk során Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Sr és Zn fémekkel közepesen és erősen szennyezett területeken fehér libatop (Chenopodium album L.) és kaporlevelű ebszékfű (Tripleurospermum inodorum (L.) Sch. Bip.) egyedek Al, Ba, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Sr és Zn koncentrációját vizsgáltuk a gyökerekben, szárban és levelekben. Tanulmányoztuk továbbá a talajminták és az egyes növényi szervek fémkoncentrációja közötti korrelációt. Megállapítottuk, hogy mindkét faj fémfelvételi képessége mérsékelt volt. A növényi szervek közül a legnagyobb Ca, K, Mg, Mn, Sr és Zn koncentrációt a levelekben találtuk. Emellett korrelációt mutattunk ki a talajok és a növények Al, Ca, Cr Cu, Fe, Mg, Ni, Pb és Sr koncentrációja között. Eredményeink alapján megállapítottuk, hogy a fehér libatop és a kaporlevelű ebszékfű alkalmasak lehetnek a fémszennyezés csökkentésére. Ez elsősorban föld feletti növényi szerveik fémakkumulációja révén valósulhat meg.
Photosensitive Self-Induced Seizures Since Childhood
Authors: Palha-Fernandes Eduardo , Teles Ariana , Mendes Amélia
Published: January 2020

A 15-year-old girl was admitted to the emergency room because of a bilateral tonic-clonic seizure. The family reported that the episode began with rapid hand movements in front of the patient’s eyes while staring at the sun. The patient has a history of multiple admissions in the emergency department due to similar events since the age of eight. Most occurrences were associated with episodes of frustration. The review of the literature has shown that this type of phenomenon, designated in some studies by sunflower syndrome, may be overlooked in patients with photosensitive epilepsy. Despite the unknown etiology, there are several reasons why patients experience this type of behavior, and thus a multidisciplinary approach is needed.
Segurança Alimentar em Cabo Verde
Authors: Simões Elsa Barbosa , Ferreira Vladmir Antero Delgado Silves , Basch Gottlieb
Published: January 2020

No âmbito da palestra apresentada no 11º Encontro das Fundações da CPLP, sob o lema Segurança Alimentar: O papel das Fundações no Desenvolvimento de Politicas Públicas de Desenvolvimento, escolheu–se para fins deste trabalho, fazer uma análise comparativa, atravéz de entrevistas guiadas a quatro especialistas do sector publico, de ONG e de organismos internacionais de ajuda ao desenvolvimento com experiência na implementação de políticas públicas para que fizessem uma comparação entre a pratica e a teoria na implementação de politicas públicas para a segurança alimentar em Cabo Verde. Concluiu-se que as políticas de bem-estar social não estão de todo salvaguardas e que para dar esta resposta existe uma necessidade premente de se ter uma política efetiva de desenvolvimento sustentável da agricultura, melhorando o foco na qualidade de vida e em políticas económicas e sociais justas e sustentável do ponto de vista ambiental. Apesar de não haver impedimentos legais a organização de associações também não existe mecanismos que promovam a participação no processo de desenvolvimento.
Análise quantitativa de planta alimentícia não-convencional e plantas medicinais, comercialização e utilização de agrotóxicos em canteiros pertencentes ao projeto “Hortas Comunitárias” de Birigui (São Paulo)
Authors: Poletti Isabela Contel , Rodrigues Ana Paula Freitas da Silva , Dourado Beatriz Silva , Viudes Drielly Rodrigues
Published: January 2020

O cultivo alimentar em meio urbano é considerado um meio de resgate da soberania   alimentar, sendo promovido em Birigui (SP) pelo projeto “Hortas Comunitárias”. Objetivou-se realizar um levantamento sobre a presença de PANC (planta alimentícia não convencional), plantas medicinais, agrotóxicos e comercialização dos produtos, bem como comparar com o previsto na legislação municipal. Realizou-se análise quantitativa em 50% das hortas. Constatou-se presença significativa de PANC (39 espécies) e plantas medicinais (44 espécies), com maior frequência da Erva-de-santa-maria e Capim-limão. A comercialização se fez presente em 6,7% e o uso de agrotóxicos em 44%. Com os dados deste trabalho ações de intervenção podem ser traçadas para adequação à legislação municipal, estímulo ao consumo das plantas presentes nas hortas, e educação sobre malefícios do agrotóxico visando promoção de saúde.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA DUKUNGAN EMOSIONAL DENGAN KEPATUHAN DIET LANSIA PENDERITA HIPERTENSI
Authors: Rahmatika Dita
Published: January 2020

Hypertension is a condition where a person's blood pressure reaches 140/90 mmHg. Hypertension is the silent disease that causes death in Indonesia. Elderly people mostly suffer from hypertension. This study aims to investigate the correlationof emotional support and dietary compliance of elderly patients with hypertension around the area of Sukomulyo Community Health Center, Manyar subdistrict, Gresik. This study was an observational analytical research, based on the data collection.This research employed a cross sectional method. The samples used simple random sampling with a sample size of 37 respondents who were elderly patients with hypertension. The respondents’ characteristicswere mostly female with the age criteria of 60- 70 years old, and working as housewives. Meanwhile, the characteristics based on education level suggested that more than half of the respondents were high school graduates. Almost all respondents got emotional support with good category (83.8%), and most respondents were quite obedient in doing diet reaching 67.6%. The result of statistical test of the correlation between emotional support andthe adherence of elderly diet of hypertension show a p-value of 0.552.There is no correlation between family emotional support and the compliance of elderly diet in hypertensive patients in the integrated health postof elderly in the working area of Sukomulyo Community Health Center. The elderly’s family is expected to provide more attention to the elderly to be obedient in having the hypretensive diet.
GAMBARAN PERSEPSI PENYAKIT TERHADAP KESEHATAN FUNGSI PARU PADA PASIEN ASMA DI SURABAYA
Authors: Lorensia Amelia , Suryadinata Rivan Virlando , Ratnasari Richa
Published: January 2020

Asthma could affect quality of life and decrease productivity. The worsening of asthma symptoms also affected lung function. Symptoms of asthma could be control by self-management. The patient's behavior in self-management influenced by his perception of asthma.  This research aims to determine  effect of perception of disease on health function of parents in asma patients in surabaya. Research using observational methods with cross sectional design. Research Subjects were outpatient asthma patients aged 17-25 years. Data collection was conducted from June 2015 to January 2016 in Surabaya, to 27 people.  Assessment of asthma perception use Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ) and health condition of lung function with peak flow meter to assess PEF (peak expiratory flow). The results of this study indicate that both groups have a PEF value <50% of the estimated PEF value. The data showed no significant difference (p (0.766)> 0.05) between disease perceptions based on the number of asthma-related symptoms with lung function (PEF), with the greatest answer as the cause of asthma that is genetic. Therefore, the perception of asthma does not affect lung function (PEF) in adult asthma patients in Surabaya.
Discovery and Development of Safe-in-Man Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Agents
Authors: Andersen Petter I. , Ianevski Aleksandr , Lysvand Hilde , Vitkauskiene Astra , Oksenych Valentyn , Bjoras Magnar , Telling Kaidi , Lutsar Irja , Dumpis Uga , Irie Yasuhiko , Tenson Tanel , Kantele Anu , Kainov Denis E.
Published: January 2020

Viral diseases are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. Virus-specific vaccines and antiviral drugs are the most powerful tools to combat viral diseases. However, broad-spectrum antiviral agents (BSAAs) could provide additional protection of general population from emerging and re-emerging viral diseases reinforcing the arsenal of available antiviral options. Here, we reviewed discovery and development of BSAAs and summarized the information on 119 safe-in-man agents in freely accessible database (https://drugvirus.info/). Future and ongoing pre-clinical and clinical studies will increase the number of BSAAs, expand spectrum of their indications, and identify drug combinations for treatment of emerging and re-emerging viral infections as well as co-infections.
DECM: A Discrete Element for Multiscale Modeling of Composite Materials Using the Cell Method
Authors: Ferretti Elena
Published: January 2020

This paper presents a new numerical method for multiscale modeling of composite materials. The new numerical model, called DECM, consists in a DEM (Discrete Element Method) approach of the Cell Method (CM) and combines the main features of both the DEM and the CM. In particular, it offers the same degree of detail as the CM, on the microscale, and manages the discrete elements individually such as the DEM—allowing finite displacements and rotations—on the macroscale. Moreover, the DECM is able to activate crack propagation until complete detachment and automatically recognizes new contacts. Unlike other DEM approaches for modeling failure mechanisms in continuous media, the DECM does not require prior knowledge of the failure position. Furthermore, the DECM solves the problems in the space domain directly. Therefore, it does not require any dynamic relaxation techniques to obtain the static solution. For the sake of example, the paper shows the results offered by the DECM for axial and shear loading of a composite two-dimensional domain with periodic round inclusions. The paper also offers some insights into how the inclusions modify the stress field into composite continua.
Chronic Mild Stress Modified Epigenetic Mechanisms Leading to Accelerated Senescence and Impaired Cognitive Performance in Mice
Authors: Puigoriol-Illamola Dolors , Martínez-Damas Mirna , Griñán-Ferré Christian , Pallàs Mercè
Published: January 2020

Cognitive and behavioural disturbances are growing public healthcare issue for the modern society, as stressful lifestyle is becoming more and more common. Besides, several pieces of evidence state that environment is crucial in the development of several diseases as well as compromising healthy aging. Therefore, it is important to study the effects of stress on cognition and its relationship with aging. To address these queries, Chronic Mild Stress (CMS) paradigm was used in the senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) and resistant 1 (SAMR1). On one hand, we determined the changes produced in the three main epigenetic marks after 4 weeks of CMS treatment, such as a reduction in histone posttranslational modifications and DNA methylation, and up-regulation or down-regulation of several miRNA involved in different cellular processes in mice. In addition, CMS treatment induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and loss of antioxidant defence mechanisms, as well as inflammatory signalling activation through NF-κB pathway and astrogliosis markers, like Gfap. Remarkably, CMS altered mTORC1 signalling in both strains, decreasing autophagy only in SAMR1 mice. We found a decrease in glycogen synthase kinase 3 β (GSK-3β) inactivation, hyperphosphorylation of Tau and an increase in sAPPβ protein levels in mice under CMS. Moreover, reduction in the non-amyloidogenic secretase ADAM10 protein levels was found in SAMR1 CMS group. Consequently, detrimental effects on behaviour and cognitive performance were detected in CMS treated mice, affecting mainly SAMR1 mice, promoting a turning to SAMP8 phenotype. In conclusion, CMS is a feasible intervention to understand the influence of stress on epigenetic mechanisms underlying cognition and accelerating senescence.
From Understanding to Sustainable Use of Peatlands: The WETSCAPES Approach
Authors: Jurasinski Gerald , Ahmad Sate , Anadon-Rosell Alba , Berendt Jacqueline , Beyer Florian , Bill Ralf , Blume-Werry Gesche , Couwenberg John , Günther Anke , Joosten Hans , Köbsch Franziska , Köhn Daniel , Koldrack Nils , Kreyling Jürgen , Leinweber Peter , Lennartz Bernd , Liu Haojie , Michaelis Dierk , Mrotzek Almut , Negassa Wakene , Schenk Sandra , Schmacka Franziska , Schwieger Sarah , Smiljanic Marko , Tanneberger Franziska , Urich Tim , Wang Haitao , Weil Micha , Wilmking Martin , Wrage-Mönnig Nicole
Published: January 2020

Of all terrestrial ecosystems, peatlands store carbon most effectively. However, many peatlands have been drained for peat extraction or agricultural use. This converts peatlands from sinks to sources of carbon, causing approx. 5% of the anthropogenic greenhouse effect and additional negative effects on other ecosystem services. Rewetting peatlands can mitigate the climate crisis and may be combined with management in the form of paludiculture. Rewetted peatlands, however, do not equal their pristine ancestors and their ecological functioning is not understood. This holds especially for fens. Their functioning results from complex interactions and can only be understood following an integrative approach of many relevant fields of science, which we develop in the interdisciplinary project WETSCAPES. Here, we introduce our approach in which we are addressing interactions among water transport and chemistry, primary production, peat formation, matter transformation and transport, microorganisms and greenhouse gas exchange using state of the art methods in the relevant research fields. We record data on six study sites spreading across three important fen types (Alder forest, percolation fen, and coastal fen) each in drained and rewetted state. Using exemplary results, we show the importance of developing an integrative understanding of managed fen peatlands and their ecosystem functioning.
The Respiratory Phenotype of Pompe Disease Rodent Models
Authors: Fusco Anna , McCall Angela , Dhindsa Justin , Zheng Lucy , Bailey Aidan , Kahn Amanda , ElMallah Mai
Published: January 2020

Pompe disease is a glycogen storage disease caused by a deficiency in acid α-glucosidase (GAA) – a hydrolase necessary for the degradation of lysosomal glycogen. This deficiency in GAA results in muscle and neuronal glycogen accumulation, which causes respiratory insufficiency. Pompe disease rodent models provide a means of assessing respiratory pathology and are important for pre-clinical studies of novel therapies that aim to treat respiratory dysfunction and improve quality of life. This review aims to compile and summarize existing manuscripts which characterize the respiratory phenotype of Pompe rodent models. Manuscripts included in this review were selected utilizing specific search terms and exclusion criteria. Analysis of these findings demonstrate that Pompe disease rodent models have respiratory physiological defects as well as pathologies in the diaphragm, tongue, phrenic and hypoglossal motor nucleus, phrenic and hypoglossal nerves, neuromuscular junctions, and airway smooth muscle and higher order respiratory control centers. Overall, the culmination of these pathologies contributes to severe respiratory dysfunction, underscoring the importance of characterizing the respiratory phenotype while developing effective therapies for patients.
Hydrostatic Bandsaw Blade Guides for Natural Stone Cutting Applications
Authors: Ahsan Ammar , Kröger Jonas , Kenney Kyle , Böhm Stefan
Published: January 2020

Bandsaws either use fibre or ceramic block or sealed bearings as blade guides. This works well for cutting metals, wood and plastics. However, highly abrasive particles generated while cutting stones, settle between the contacts of the blade and the guides causing wear and premature failure. Hydrostatic guide system as presented in this work, is a contactless blade guiding method that uses force of several pressurized water jets to keep the blade cutting in a straight line. For this investigation, cutting tests were performed on a marble block using a galvanic diamond coated bandsaw blade with the upper roller guides replaced by hydrostatic guides. The results show that the hydrostatic guides help to reduce the passive force to a constant near zero in contrast to the bearing guides. This also resulted in reduced surface roughness of the stone plates that were cut. Additionally, it has also been shown that using hydrostatic guides the bandsaw blade can be tilted to counter the bandsaw drift. This original research work has shown that the hydrostatic guide systems are capable of replacing and in fact perform better than the state of the art bearing or block guides specially for stone cutting applications.
El Niño Southern Oscillation and Its Impact on Rainfall Distribution and Productivity of Major Agricultural Crops: The Case of Kemabata Tembaro Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Haile Bereket Tesfaye , Bekitie Kassahun Ture , Feyissa Gudina Legesse , Zeleke Tadesse Terefe
Published: January 2020

This study was conducted to investigate the impact of El Niño Southern Oscillation on rainfall distribution and productivity of major Agricultural crops in the Kembta Tembaro Zone of Southern Ethiopia over the past 30 years. Precipitation and temperature data were obtained from the National Meteorology Agency, crop data from the Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia, and the Sea Surface Temperature data from the NOAA website. The rainfall trend had shown decreasing trend with high variability at all the stations (p<0.05). Over the same period, El Niño and La Niña event were observed and highly affected rainfall distribution. It was found that Coefficient Variation was greater than 30%, which indicates the area was prone to drought episodes. The impacts of the ENSO events on the yield of Maize, Wheat, Barely, Sorghum and Enset were assessed. Wheat and Maize were highly affected by the ENSO events. Enset was found to be more resistant crop to the influence of ENSO. Barely and Sorghum were affected at varying magnitude. Among the five chosen crop for this investigation two of the crops were seriously affected during the two extremes, i.e. El Niño and La Niña. From this investigation it is conclude that the overall cereal crop productivity was decreased and precipitation variability was noticed. So, having the information about ENSO phase in advance can be used to forecast ENSO and select crop types and varieties to maximize agricultural rain fed cereal crop productivity while minimizing the crop risk associated with seasonal rainfall and ENSO phases.
The n-10 Fatty Acids Family in the Lipidome of Human Prostatic Adenocarcinoma Cell Membranes and Extracellular Vesicles
Authors: Ferreri Carla , Sansone Anna , Buratta Sandra , Urbanelli Lorena , Costanzi Eva , Emiliani Carla , Chatgilialoglu Chryssostomos
Published: January 2020

A new pathway leading to the n-10 fatty acid series has been recently evidenced, starting from sapienic acid - a monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) resulting from the transformation of palmitic acid by delta-6 desaturase. Sapienic acid attracts attention as novel marker of cancer cell plasticity. Here, we analyzed fatty acids including the n-10 fatty acid contents, and compared for the first time cell membranes and the corresponding extracellular vesicles (EV) of two human prostatic adenocarcinoma cell lines of different aggressiveness (PC3 and LNCaP). The n-10 components were 9-13% of the total fatty acids in both cancer cell lines and EVs, with total MUFA levels significantly higher in EVs of the most aggressive cell type (PC3). High sapienic/palmitoleic ratios indicated the preference for delta-6 vs. delta-9 desaturase enzymatic activity in these cell lines. The expressions analysis of enzymes involved in desaturation and elongation by qRT-PCR showed a higher desaturase activity in PC3 and a higher elongase activity toward polyunsaturated fatty acids than toward saturated fatty acids, compared to LNCaP cells. Our results improve the present knowledge in cancer fatty acid metabolism and lipid phenotypes, highlighting EV lipidomics to monitor positional fatty acid isomer profiles and MUFA levels in cancer.
Production of Hydrocarbon Fuels from Polyethylene Plastic Wastes Using Thermal and Catalytic Pyrolysis
Authors: Kica Omol Dan , Acaye Ongwech , David Okot Fred , Bongomin Ocident
Published: January 2020

Plastics have become an indispensable part of modern life today. The global production of plastics has gone up to 299million tones in 2013, which is believed to be increasing in the near future. The utilization of plastics and its final disposal pose a tremendous negative significance impacts on the environment. The aim of this study was to investigate the thermal and catalytic pyrolysis for production of hydrocarbon fuel from the polyethene plastic wastes. Catalysts used in the experiment were acid activated clay mineral and aluminum chlorides on activated carbon. The clay mineral was activated by refluxing it with 6M Sulphuric acid for 3hours. The experiment was conducted in three different phases: the first phase of the experiment was done without a catalyst where 88mL oil was obtained at a maximum temperature of 39 and heating rates of 12.5, reaction time of 4hours. The second phase involves the use of acid activated clay mineral where 100mL of oil was obtained and heating rates of 12.5 and reaction time of 3hours 30minutes. The third phase was done using aluminum chlorides on activated carbon and 105ml oil was obtained at a maximum temperature of 400 and heating rates of 15.5 reaction time of 3hours 10minutes. From the results, catalytic pyrolysis is more efficient than purely thermal pyrolysis and homogenous catalysis (aluminum chlorides) shows a better result than solid acid catalyst (activated clay minerals) hence saving the energy needed for pyrolysis and making the process more economically feasible.
Tracing Microalloy Precipitation in Nb-Ti HSLA Steel During Austenite Conditioning
Authors: Webel Johannes , Herges Adrian , Britz Dominik , Detemple Eric , Flaxa Volker , Mohrbacher Hardy , Mücklich Frank
Published: January 2020

Microalloying of low carbon steel with niobium (Nb) and titanium (Ti) is standardly applied in high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steels enabling austenite conditioning during thermo-mechanical controlled processing (TMCP), which results in pronounced grain refinement in the finished steel. The metallurgical effects of microalloying elements are related solute drag and precipitate particle pinning, both acting on the austenite grain boundary thereby delaying or suppressing recrystallization of the deformed grain. In that respect it is important to better understand the precipitation kinetics as well as the precipitation sequence in a typical Nb-Ti-microalloyed steel. Various characterization methods have been utilized in this study for tracing microalloy precipitation after simulating different austenite TMCP conditions in a Gleeble apparatus. Atom probe tomography (APT), scanning transmission electron microscopy in a focused ion beam equipped scanning electron microscope (STEM-on-FIB) and electrical resistivity measurements provide complementary information on the precipitation status and are correlated with each other. It will be demonstrated that accurate electrical resistivity measurements can monitor the general consumption of solute microalloys (Nb) during hot working which was complemented by APT measurements of the steel matrix. On the other hand, STEM revealed that a large part of Nb-containing particles during hot working are co-precipitated with titanium during cooling from the austenitizing temperature. Precipitates that form during cooling or isothermal holding can be distinguished from strain-induced precipitates by corroborating STEM measurements with APT results. APT specifically allows obtaining detailed information about the chemical composition of precipitates as well as the distribution of elements inside the particle. Electrical resistivity measurement, on the contrary, provides macroscopic information on the progress of precipitation and can be calibrated by APT. The current paper highlights the complementarity of these methods and shows first results within the framework of a larger study on strain-induced precipitation.
A Cost-minimization Analysis of Provider-to-provider Telemedicine Compared to Usual care in Catalonia: More Agile and Efficient, Especially for Users
Authors: López Seguí Francesc , Franch Parella Jordi , Gironès García Xavier , Mendioroz Peña Jacobo , García Cuyàs Francesc , Adroher Mas Cristina , García-Altés Anna , Vidal Alaball Josep
Published: January 2020

Background: Telemedicine (interconsultation between primary and hospital care teams) has been operating in the counties of Central Catalonia Bages, Moianès and Berguedà since 2011 in the specialties of teledermatology, teleulcers, teleeyelids and teleaudiometries. For the period until the end of 2019, a total of 52,198 visits have been recorded. Objective: To analyse the differential costs between telemedicine and usual care in a semi-urban environment. Methodology: A cost-minimization evaluation, including direct and indirect costs from a societal perspective, distinguishing healthcare and user’s costs, within a three-month period. Results: Telemedicine saved € 780,397 over the period analysed. A differential cost favourable to telemedicine of about € 15/visit has been observed, the patient being the largest beneficiary of this saving (by 85%) in terms of shorter waiting times and travel costs. From the healthcare system perspective, moving the time spent in a hospital care consultation to primary care is efficient in terms of the total time devoted per patient. In social terms and in this context, telemedicine is more efficient than usual care. Conclusion: Users’ saving of time in terms of consultation and travel is the main driver of interconsultation between primary and hospital care savings in a semi-urban context. The telemedicine service is also economically favourable for the healthcare system, enabling it to provide a more agile service, which also benefits the healthcare professionals.
Application of Wearables to Improve Uptake of Exercise Therapy during Hemodialysis Treatment for Reducing Depression Symptom – A Single Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Zhou He , Al-Ali Fadwa , Kang Gu , Hamad Abdullah , Ibrahim Rania , Talal Tala , Najafi Bijan
Published: January 2020

Regular exercise can reduce depression. However, the uptake of exercise is limited in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis. To address the gap, we designed a gamified non-weight-bearing exercise program (Exergame), which can be executed during hemodialysis treatment. The Exergame is virtually supervised based on its interactive feedback via wearable sensors attached on lower extremities. We examined the effectiveness of this program to reduce depression symptom compared to supervised exercise in 73 hemodialysis patients (age=64.5±8.7years, BMI=31.6±7.6kg/m2). Participants were randomized into an Exergame group (EG) or a Supervised-exercise group (SG). Both groups received similar exercise tasks for 4-week, 3-session per week, 30-min per session, during hemodialysis treatment. Depression symptom was assessed at baseline and 4-week using Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D). Both groups showed significant reduction in depression score (37%, p<0.001, Cohen’s effect size d=0.69 in EG vs. 41%, p<0.001, d=0.65 in SG) with no between-group difference for the observed effect (p>0.050). The EG expressed a positive exercise experience including fun, safety, and helpfulness of sensor-feedback. Together, results suggested that the virtually-supervised low-intensity Exergame is feasible during routine hemodialysis treatment. It is as effective as supervised-exercise to reduce depression symptom, while reducing burden of administrating exercise in dialysis clinics.