bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of competitiveness through intellectual capital in companies listed on the Mexican Stock Exchange
Authors: Campa Dominguez Isaid , Béjar Tinoco Víctor , Madrigal Moreno Flor , Madrigal Moreno Salvador
Published: December 2024

The objective of this research is to analyze intellectual capital as a tool for creating value in Mexican companies that seek to be more competitive in the market, analyzing their disclosure of intangible matters, as well as the factors that motivate said disclosure. To carry out the analysis, companies from different sectors that are listed on the Mexican Stock Exchange (BMV) were selected. The selection was based on criteria of representativeness and availability of detailed financial and operational data. A quantitative methodology was used, applying multiple regression techniques and factor analysis to measure the influence of intellectual capital variables on competitiveness. The analysis revealed that intellectual capital has a significant impact on the competitiveness of companies listed on the BMV. These findings indicate that a comprehensive and balanced management of the different components of intellectual capital is crucial to improve business competitiveness. The study concludes that companies listed on the BMV should focus on strengthening their intellectual capital to improve their competitiveness to maximize their performance in the market.
¡Todo para la clase obrera! Imaginario económico y transformación social en la revolución asturiana de 1934
Authors: Abad García Eduardo
Published: December 2024

La Revolución de Octubre de 1934 en Asturias fue la última gran insurrección proletaria de Europa Occidental. Durante 15 días se levantó un nuevo orden social caracterizado por la implantación de un sistema económico socializado. El presente artículo tiene un doble objetivo. Por una parte, analizar cuáles fueron las ideas, imaginarios y representaciones económicas que operaron como impulso para las personas que participaron en la insurrección asturiana de 1934. Por otra, este texto busca analizar de forma monográfica las acciones económicas desarrolladas propiamente por los comités revolucionarios durante la organización de la vida cotidiana en las zonas bajo su control. Se busca mostrar cómo los revolucionarios, con una identidad proletaria definida, desarrollaron imaginarios y prácticas económicas basadas en la justicia social marxista y libertaria, aunque marcados por la autogestión y la improvisación.
La importancia del espacio en la lucha contra las violencias machistas. Prácticas espaciales y políticas en el gobierno de Ahora Madrid.
Authors: Porras Sánchez Sara
Published: December 2024

Introducción El artículo pone de relevancia la dimensión espacial en el despliegue de prácticas y políticas para la lucha contra las violencias machistas. La importancia de la ciudad como espacio de vida cotidiana, sitúa a la institución local en una posición privilegiada para la intervención en este ámbito. El principal Objetivo de este trabajo es explorar las potencialidades de los gobiernos locales en la lucha contra las violencias machistas. Para ello se presenta el análisis de cuatro iniciativas desarrolladas por el Ayuntamiento de Madrid en la legislatura 2015/2019 bajo el gobierno de Ahora Madrid. La metodología principal que se ha empleado es el Análisis Crítico del Discurso a través de una complementariedad en el corpus metodológico. Para lo cual se analizan una serie de entrevistas realizadas a la Delegada del Área de Género y Diversidad del Ayuntamiento de Madrid, en relación con los documentos y campañas emitidas por el gobierno en la lucha contra las violencias machistas y la puesta en marcha de dos dispositivos de intervención, los Centros de Crisis contra la Violencia Sexual y los Comités de Crisis ante cada asesinato de violencia machista. Los principales resultados del trabajo demuestran que las administraciones locales, sobre todo las grandes ciudades debido a su marco competencial más amplio, tienen un enorme potencial en el diseño e implementación de medidas, fundamentalmente en el ámbito de la sensibilización y la atención y reparación a las mujeres sobrevivientes. Discusión y Conclusiones. Las ciudades tienen la obligación de intervenir de manera activa en la lucha contras las violencias machistas, siendo además un lugar privilegiado para hacerlo, pues las dinámicas de espacialización del dispositivo de género les confiere elementos particulares para este desempeño.
Dijital Oyunlarda İslam Karşıtı Unsurlar (Call of Duty ve Resident Evil Örneği)
Authors: Koçer Hatice
Published: December 2024

Dijital oyunlar; kullanıcıların bir arayüz aracılığıyla yapay zekaya veya diğer oyunculara karşı oynayabildiği etkileşimli deneyimler sunar. Bu oyunlar, subliminal mesaj ve metotlar içerebilmektedir. Oyun yapımcıları bu mesajları; görüntü ve ses gibi özelliklerle fark edilmeyecek şekilde verebilmektedir. Gizlice verilen bu olumsuz mesajlar zihinde ve bilinçaltında izler bırakabilmektedir. Bazı dijital oyunlarda Müslümanlara karşı korkunun normalleştirilmesiyle nefretin ve düşmanlığın sıradanlaştığı görülmektedir. Ayrıca, İslam dininin sembollerini terörle birlikte kullanılması, dijital oyuncular üzerinde İslam hakkında olumsuz bir algı oluşturabilmektedir. Son 10 yılda İslamofobi, zaman zaman yoğunlaşmış ve popüler bir hale geldiği görülmektedir. Nitel araştırma yöntemine dayanan bu çalışma, dijital oyunlardaki İslam’a karşı olan unsurları tespit edip betimlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu bağlamda, Call of Duty ve Resident Evil oyunlarının içerik analizi yapılarak, dini inanç ve değerlerin nasıl temsil edildiği incelenecektir. Sonuç olarak, dijital oyunların, özellikle İslam’a dair önyargıların dini inanç ve değerlerini nasıl etkilediği ortaya konulacaktır. Çalışmanın sonucunda, dijital oyunlarda İslam sembollerinin bazı terör unsurları ile birlikte kullanımına dair örneklerin olduğu ve bu temsillerin oyuncu üzerinde olumsuz algılar oluşturma potansiyeline sahip olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Ayrıca, bu oyunların İslam karşıtı önyargıları dolaylı yoldan pekiştirme riski taşıdığı anlaşılmıştır.
تَأْصِيلُ القُرْآنِ لِأُسُسِ التَّعَايُشِ بَيْنَ المسلِمِينَ وغَيْرِهِم في وَقْتِ القِتَالِ "دِرَاسَةٌ موضوعيَّةٌ تَحْلِيلِيَّةٌ"
Authors: Soliman Abdülkerim
Published: December 2024

لَم يَأْتِ الإسلامُ لِبَيانِ وِحدَانِيَّةِ الله فقط، بَلْ جاءَ لِيُرْسِيَ دَعَائمَ الإنسانيَّةِ، ويُنَظِّمَ حَيَاةَ البَشَرِيَّةِ، فَبَيَّنَ الحُقُوقَ، وحَدَّدَ الواجِباتِ، ليس فقط بين المسلم والمسلم، بَلْ بين الإنسانِ عامَّة والمسلم خاصَّة وبين عناصر الوجودِ، ومن أهمِّ ما حرصَ الإسلامُ على تَرسِيخِهِ وتأصيله أسس التعايش بين المسلمين وغيرهم من أصحاب المعتقدات الأخرى، وإرساؤه لمبدأ الاختلاف وتأكيده على فطريَّته، وأمره بوجوب احترام هذا الاختلاف بين أصحاب المعتقدات والطوائف والمذاهب المختلفة، وحِفْظُهُ لحقوقِ الإنسانِ القريبِ والبعيدِ، الحليفِ والعدوِّ على السَّوَاءِ؛ لأنَّ الكلَّ عِبَادٌ للَّهِ، وأنَّ عَدَالَةَ اللَّهِ – عَزَّ وجَلَّ – تَقْتَضِي الحِفاظَ على حقوقِ عِبادِهِ.
تُهدف هذه الدِّراسَةُ إلى الكشِفَ عن إجراءاتِ الإسلام وتَدابِيرِهِ في تأصيل أُسُسِ التَّعايُشِ بين المسلمين وغيرهم، ولاتِّساعِ هذا الموضوع فقد حدَّدت الدِّراسةُ أُسُسَ التَّعَايُشِ في أوقات القتال؛ بوصفها أَصْعَبَ الأَوْقَاتِ وأَشَدَّها التي يَتَعَرَّض فيها الناسُ للقتل والظُّلم والقهر، حيث يفقد فيها المتقاتلون عقولَهم وإنسانيَّتَهُم، وكذلك لِكَثْرَةِ الافتراءاتِ التي تعرَّضَ لها الإسلامُ بسبب الجهل بالمفهوم الحقيقيِّ للقتال في الإسلام، أو بسببِ الحِقْدِ عليه ومحاولة تشويهه، وجاءتِ الدِّراسَةُ في مُقَدِّمةٍ وثلاثة مَبَاحِثَ: الأول: مَفْهُومُ القِتَالِ في القرآن ومشروعيَّتُهُ ومَقَاصِدُهُ وطبيعةُ العلاقةِ بين المسلمين وغيرهم، والثاني: أُسُسُ التَّعَايُشِ مع الأعداء المقاتِلين، والثالث: أُسُسُ التَّعايُشِ مع الأعداء المسالمين.
وقد توصَّلت الدراسة إلى بعض النتائج، منها: أنَّ سببَ القتال في القرآن على المبدأ الدفاعي في ردِّ العدوان، وحماية الدعوة، وحرية الدين، ونُصْرَة المستضعفين، فالقتال في الإسلام ضرورة فرضها عليه أعداؤه، وليس هدفًا يُسْعَى إليه، كذلك تبيَّن أن طبيعة العلاقة بين المسلمين وغيرهم تقوم على المسالمة وليس على العدوان والقتال، فالسلام هو الأصل والقتال هو الاستثناء، كما أثبتت الدراسة أن المبادئ السامية التي أسَّسها الإسلامُ في معاملة أسرى الحرب سبقَ بها كلَّ الاتفاقيات والمواثيق الدوليَّة المعاصرة، كذلك وضعت الشريعةُ الإسلاميَّةُ قواعدَ وضوابطَ يلتزم بها المقاتلُ المسلمُ أثناء القتال، فقد حظرت استهداف المدنيين، وأسَّست لمبدأ التمايُز بين المقاتلين والمدنيين، أسَّس الإسلامُ قوانين حمايةِ دور العبادة والمتعبِّدين، وأقرَّت حقَّهم في البقاء على عقيدتهم دون إكراهٍ، نهى الإسلام عن الاعتداء على المباني والأشجار والمزروعات والممتلكات العامة والشخصية ذات الدور الاجتماعي إلا لضرورةٍ.
O desenvolvimento da linguagem oral e escrita a partir de brincadeiras com crianças na Educação Infantil: uma experiência na formação docente
Authors: Barza Valéria Suely Simões , Barra Nova Thaynah de Brito
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo visa relatar e analisar seis experiências práticas desenvolvidas pelos estudantes do curso de Licenciatura em Pedagogia da UFAPE nas escolas municipais de Garanhuns-PE, envolvendo brincadeiras com crianças, tendo como foco as linguagens oral e escrita. Para as análises dos relatos aqui apresentados, tomamos como referencial a Análise de Conteúdo, segundo Bardin (1977). Recebemos dos licenciandos 16 relatos de brincadeiras: traçamos um plano de análise, escolha e seleção, em seguida identificamos as características e peculiaridades em cada experiência relatada. As atividades analisadas envolveram a organização de sala de aula com brinquedos e outros recursos didáticos simulando hospitais, mercadinhos, festa de aniversário e contos de fadas. As análises dos relatos revelaram que o brincar e as interações aqui expostas constituem elementos importantes para o desenvolvimento e aprendizagens das crianças e para os estudantes em formação, assim evidenciados a partir das reflexões dos futuros pedagogos nas situações sociocomunicativas reveladas nas brincadeiras.
Articulaciones en la Producción, Distribución y Difusión de Rap entre Sellos Multinacionales, Independientes y la Autogestión en la Ciudad de Santiago de Chile (1995-2001)
Authors: Muñoz-Tapia Sebastián , Rodríguez Vega Nelson
Published: December 2024

El artículo examina las tensiones y articulaciones en la producción, distribución y difusión del rap en Santiago de Chile durante los años 90. En primer lugar, desafía la dicotomía entre lo “underground” y lo “mainstream”, mostrando cómo los artistas de rap provenientes del underground jugaron un papel clave en la construcción del rap mainstream, estableciendo relaciones con sellos discográficos multinacionales. En segundo lugar, explora la coexistencia y vinculación entre tecnologías digitales y analógicas en la producción musical de la época, donde raperos emergentes combinaban el uso de softwares y computadores con formatos tradicionales como el casete. El trabajo se enfoca en entender las redes sociotécnicas que permitieron la configuración del rap en Chile durante esa década, destacando cómo estas redes facilitaron la conformación de colectivos dedicados a la producción de rap. Se subraya la importancia de la tecnología y los circuitos espaciales de Santiago, así como la participación de sellos multinacionales y la autogestión. El artículo propone una metodología de análisis simétrica para evitar lo que denomina resistencialismo, utilizando entrevistas semiestructuradas y análisis de documentos, y se enmarca en una sociología de las mediaciones (Hennion, Born).
Economia Articulatória em Libras: uma análise do recrutamento de juntas na produção do movimento em verbos
Authors: Lourenço Guilherme , Figueiredo Lorena Mariano Borges de , Santos Crislaine Barbosa , Silva Jéssica de Jesus da , Afonso Natalia Najyme de Melo , Pontes Giselle Fernandes
Published: December 2024

Neste estudo investigamos o princípio de Economia Articulatória na Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras). Economia articulatória pode ser entendida como uma pressão por redução do esforço biomecânico e, considerando-se Força como métrica, tem-se que quanto maior for a massa ou a aceleração dos articuladores, maior será o esforço envolvido na sinalização. Assim, investigamos se é possível identificar alguma pressão por economia articulatória na produção dos verbos em Libras. Para tanto, selecionamos uma amostra de 480 verbos em Libras e realizamos uma descrição detalhada das juntas recrutadas e do tipo de movimento realizado para cada verbo.
ՀԱՆՔԱԼԵՌՆԱՅԻՆ ՏԱՐԱԾՔՆԵՐՈՒՄ ԱՃԵՑՎԱԾ ԲԱՆՋԱՐԵՂԵՆՈՒՄ ՊՈՏԵՆՑԻԱԼ ԹՈՒՆԱՎՈՐ
ՏԱՐՐԵՐԻ ՌԻՍԿԻ ԳՆԱՀԱՏՈՒՄ
Authors: Pipoyan David , Arshakyan Yepraqsya , Kareyan Taron , Beglaryan Meline
Published: December 2024

This research assesses the health risks associated with exposure to toxic (Pb, Cd, As, Hg) and potentially toxic elements (Mo, Cu) through the consumption of vegetables (potato, carrot, bean, fennel, pumpkin) grown near mining areas. Using the Margin of Exposure (MOE) method for risk assessment, this study provides a more accurate evaluation compared to previous studies that relied on the Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) calculation method. The results of the current research indicated concerning risk values (MOE<10) for lead, molybdenum and copper associated with the consumption of the studied vegetables, and for arsenic in the case of potato and fennel consumption among the adult resident population in the studied area. By comparing the results obtained using the target hazard ratio (THQ) and the current margin of exposure (MOE) methods, we note that while the first method is effective in highly polluted areas, it is more appropriate to use the MOE calculation method in non-polluted areas. This method allows for the identification of potential public health risks caused by exposure to toxic elements, even at minimal levels, based on regularly updated toxicological data, particularly health-based guideline values. Overall, the study findings highlight the potential health risks associated with consuming locally grown produce in contaminated areas, indicating a need for continuous monitoring and effective risk management strategies. The study emphasizes the importance of addressing environmental pollution in agricultural areas to protect public health and ensure food safety. As the impacts of mining extend beyond economic benefits, this research shows the necessity of mitigating exposure to harmful elements in the food chain.
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ СОСТОЯНИЯ ПОВЕРХНОСТИ АКТИВНОГО УГЛЯ ПУРОЛАТ-СТАНДАРТ ПОСЛЕ СОРБЦИИ МИНЕРАЛЬНЫХ ВЕЩЕСТВ
Authors: Михайлова Е.А. , Тимощук И.В. , Горелкина А.К. , Семенова С.А.
Published: December 2024

В работе исследован сорбент на основе антрацита Пуролат-стандарт – исходный образец и после сорбции ионов железа, марганца, сульфат- и нитрит-ионов с использованием термического анализа, методов рентгеновской фотоэлектронной спектроскопии, сканирующей электронной микроскопии, азотной порометрии. Установлены корреляционные связи между показателями термического разложения, потерей массы образца в различных температурных интервалах, данными рентгеновской фотоэлектронной спектроскопии (относительные атомные концентрации элементов в приповерхностном слое образцов), электронной микроскопии (анализ микрофотографий) и азотной порометрии (значения удельной поверхности исследованных образцов).

The paper investigates a sorbent based on anthracite Purolate-standard – the initial sample and after sorption of iron, manganese, sulfate and nitrite ions using thermal analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen porometry. Correlations have been established between the indicators of thermal decomposition, loss of sample mass in various temperature ranges, data from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (relative atomic concentrations of elements in the surface layer of samples), electron microscopy (analysis of microphotographs) and nitrogen porometry (values of the specific surface area of the studied samples).
A Brief Review on Metamaterials Applied to the Healthcare Field
Authors: Machado Leonardo , Noritomi Pedro Yoshito , Davila Marcos Akira
Published: December 2024

Metamaterials refer to any modification of the physical behavior of an existing material through the structured arrangement of repetitive patterns, procedurally generated, which can directly influence its response to deformation, thermal dissipation, and vibrational control. This creates possibilities for solutions that were previously difficult to achieve using conventional materials such as metals, ceramics, polymers, and their composites. The use of this technology has gained momentum with the advent of 3D printing, which has made it possible to apply and create these structures for practical validation. The first structures were modeled at the beginning of the last century, such as the creation of patterns to generate anomalous properties, with diverse applications in fields like optics, thermodynamics, and mechanics, as it allows for material design tailored to specific applications. As a result, applications have expanded to various scales, from millimeter-engineered materials to the nanoscale, drawing the attention of researchers from different fields, including healthcare. This interest stems from the vast array of possibilities and innovations driven by advancements in materials and additive manufacturing, combining these fields to generate increasingly adaptive solutions. In this paper, the concept of metamaterials will be introduced, followed by an exploration of various applications of this technology, including medical equipment, devices, prosthetics, orthotics, and implants, as well as potential future applications of this technology in healthcare.
القصة العربیة وسیاسة التطبیع
Authors: نور محمد جمعة
Published: December 2024

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أبو أحمد العسکري وآراءه النقدیة في کتابه المصون فه الأدب
Authors: محمود درابسة
Published: December 2024

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اسلام اور تجارت
Authors: شیر نوروز خان
Published: December 2024

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اسلامی تصوف کی ابتدا اور ارتقاء پر ایک تحقیقی نظر
Authors: طالب حسین سیال
Published: December 2024

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بابا محمد عثمان کشمیری
Authors: ڈاکٹر عارف نوشاہی
Published: December 2024

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ملا صدرا کے علمی آثار
Authors: ڈاکٹر سیّد ناصر زیدی
Published: December 2024

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دلائل النبوۃ و خصائص النبوۃ
Authors: ڈاکٹر محمد ہمایوں عباس شمس
Published: December 2024

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موزوں پر مسح کرنے کا تواتر عملی سے ثبوت
Authors: پروفیسر حافظ محمد شریف شاکر
Published: December 2024

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ہمارا دینی نظامِ تعلیم
Authors: سفیر اختر
Published: December 2024

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فتویٰ کی ضرورت و اہمیت،آداب و شرائط
Authors: ڈاکٹر حافظ غلام یوسف
Published: December 2024

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معارفِ فریدیہ،دیوان بابا فریدالدین مسعود گنج شکرؒ
Authors: محمد احمد
Published: December 2024

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چند تعلیمی مسائل
Authors: ڈاکٹر منظور احمد
Published: December 2024

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مولوی غلام حسین قریشی(ساہو ولا ،ضلع سیال کوٹ)
Authors: ڈاکٹر عارف نوشاہی
Published: December 2024

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احکام القران
Authors: افتخارالحسن میاں
Published: December 2024

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ڈاکٹر سیّد ابوالخیر کشفی صاحب
Authors: ڈاکٹر مفتی محمد مظہر بقا
Published: December 2024

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ہمارے عہد کا ادب اور ادیب
Authors: ڈاکٹر فرمان فتح پوری
Published: December 2024

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''اسرائیل سے اسرائیل تک ''
Authors: ڈاکٹر ابرار محی الدین مرزا
Published: December 2024

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قرآنِ حکیم کی قراءات متواترہ اور استنباط احکام
Authors: حافظ تاج افسر  , پروفیسر ڈاکٹر سعید الرحمٰن
Published: December 2024

Variant readings of some of the words of the Qur'an taught by the Prophet (peace be on him) is an interesting phenomenon which has attracted attention of the scholars as well as that of general readers ofthe Quran. The science of recitations of the Qur'an ('ilm al-Qiraat) is considered to be of vital importance among various Sciences of the Qur'an ('ulam al-Qur'an) as well as Sciences of the Tafsir ('ulum al-Tafsir). The scholars of Tafsir have extensively used those recitations which have been transmitted by multitude of people to multitudes of people in each generation (al-Qiraat al-Mutawatirah) in deduction and extraction of the injunctions (ahkam) pertaining to various aspects of individual and collective spheres of life. This article delves into the classical as well as contemporary works of tafsir and 'ulum al-Qur'an to bring to the fore various issues related to al-qiraat al-mutawatirah. The special focus of this article, however, is to highlight the attempts of the exegetes (al-mufassirin) in fully employing al-qiraat al-mutawatirah in deduction of injunctions (istinbat al-ahkam) as well as in determining the preference or otherwise of the juristic opinions of various schools of thought (madhahib) in Islam۔
سیرتِ نبویؐ اور عصرِ حاضر کے تقاضے
Authors: ڈاکٹر ظفر اللہ بیگ
Published: December 2024

The Seerah of Prophet (PBUH) is a role model for the humanity. The unique characteristics of his personality were recognized from the early age of his active life. In his pre Prophet Hood life he became famous as truth worthy and an honest personality. At the age of 40 years, he attained the responsibilities of last prophet of Allah Almighty. He started his preaching from his closed relatives. The everlasting characteristics of his message are the uniqueness of Prophet Hood of Muhammad (PBUH). Prophet (PBUH) presented eternal divine guidance of Allah Almighty to the humanity in comprehensive and everlasting way. He has presented complete way of life suitable to all civilizations and cultures. The complete legal system, protection of rights of women and children, reforms in religious matters, importance of knowledge, elimination of slavery, simplicity and ethics of war based on justice were characteristics of the message of Prophet (PBUH). Contemporary world is facing lot of complicated problems due to the advancement of science and technology the need for solution of contemporary problems became very vital. Contemporary Muslims are facing lot of problems because of their backwardness in science and technology. The solution of the contemporary Muslim problems is lying in the Seerah of Prophet (PBUH). The intellectual crises of the contemporary Muslim world, the social restructuring of Muslim societies and legal reforms in Muslim countries to protect the human rights can be possible only if Muslims follow Seerah of Prophet (PBUH). The Muslims can reform their economy and societies only if they follow the Seerah of Prophet (PBUH). The Seerah of Prophet (PBUH) is a beam light for the bright future of the Muslim societies.
کاروانِ رفتگاں
Authors: سفیر اختر
Published: December 2024

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قرآن کا تصورِ ازدواج اور مرد و عورت کے معاشرتی دائرہ ہائے کار
Authors: ڈاکٹر اکرام الحق یٰسین
Published: December 2024

This article is meant to introduce the concept of pairs in the Holy Quran and that the universe is functioning on the basis of pair system. Every circle of this world is functioning by the same system. Usually the two members of every pair have two different qualities and nature of jobs, one of them may be called as negative and the other positive. This concept is based on the Holy verse of Quran: "And we have created pairs of every thing so that you remember" [dhariyat 51:49]. Some scientific examples are also inserted to make the idea more clear. For example in a cell, in every living things and atom in non living things there also the system of pair prevails. In an atom proton and electron do the job for negative and positive charges respectively. Both of them have their own rotation space, specialized in one aspect of the energy the function at a time, at the same speed, at the same number and create energy and balance to keep the atom at its natural position. They never mix-up nor they interfere into the others jobs, but in the same time no one of them can be self sufficient. Same the case is with a magnet where the south and north polls do the jobs. The examples of electricity and binary language of computing system are also pointed to, in the article. Coming to the Holy Quran, many examples of systems running on pair basis are given along with with quotations from the verses. One of these has been explained in a sort of detail. That example is of the mutual functioning of the earth and the heaven, where the Quran states that livelihood is in the heavens and that Almighty Allah sends it down from the heaven to the earth, but nobody in this world's life have ever received food from the heavens. It is always a product of the earth, not the sky. Thisidea has been examined and found that there is a regular andscientific interaction between the earth and the sky to produce food from the earth. Based on examples and numerous verses of the Holy Quran the status of woman and man in a human  society has been addressed and the conclusion was that both the genders are equals in importance but never equal in job description. Exceptions are always there. Both the gender have their own specialized circle of function to build up the society. Frequent interruption into each other's jobs destroy the circle of function assigned to them. There is no doubt that none of them work without the other help but they must remain working according to their specific jobs. Exceptions are always there.
شرکت و مضاربت کے چند ملکی قوانین اور سودی معیشت کا فروغ
Authors: ڈاکٹر شہزاد اقبال  شام
Published: December 2024

The decision of the Supreme Court of Pakistan regarding Riba, to some extent, shook the economic circles of the country, as a result of which, it is a stark necessity of the time to identify the root causes of the issue of Riba instead of identifying the wild weeds. The article is a glow of this claim in which the author pointed out that besides others, the absence of codified law on famous Islamic modes of financing, like Mudarabah, promoted the interest based economy as the people do not find out ways to invest their money and, therefore, they have to deposit it into the banks. This not only promotes the interest based economy but, causes the enhancement of rate of unemployment. The author pointed out the frailty of existing legislation as it encompasses the partnership only and leaves the technicalities of the Modarabah business on the parties which needs expensive legal consultancy whereas businesses at small scale can not afford it. The author proposed that setting aside the Partnership Act 1932 and Modarabah Companies and Modarabah (Flotation and Control) Ordinance 1980, there is a dire need of the time to promulgate new legislation on the basis of principles of Modarabah, so that the people may, themselves, take part into the businesses of small scales whichz eventuallyz will reduce the dependency on Riba based banking sector.
عزالدین کے احوال و آثار
Authors: ڈاکٹر محمد نواز
Published: December 2024

Izzuddin, abd ul aziz ibn abd ussalam was a eminent scholar of 7th century of Syria and Egypt. He was inspired by Saif al din Al amidi. Many scholars consider him as the founder and the first and for most author for his work on the objectives of shriah as well as the commentator of the Holy Quran, mohaddith, motakallim, jurist, judge, preacher, reformer, mystic, law maker and embodiment of truth. He wrote many famous books on every Islamic studies topic. His writings on the Islamic teachings represent as guidance for the Islamic scholars in the succeeding centuries. This article will highlight his versatile scholarly life and will help the researchers to investigate about his seminal work.
مشاہیر کے خطوط بنام بشیر انصاری
Authors: عبدالحنان حامد
Published: December 2024

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پاکستان میں فقہ و افتا کے خدوخال
Authors: محمد زاہد
Published: December 2024

The institution of fatwa, in the Indian subcontinent, bears distinctive features owing to its geographical location, history and diverse challenges that it has confronted with. The present article tries to focus on the development of this institution in Pakistan and studies its existing important futures with a critical lens. It maintains, that since there exist different spheres of legislation viz. individual level, community level and the state level in the modern modes opting the traditional fatwa strategy to deal with the issues of all spheres does not helps to counter the challenges in a better way.
جدّوجہدِ آزادی اور فتاویٰ انیسویں صدی کے فتاویٰ کا ایک تجزیاتی مطالعہ
Authors: محمد ارشد
Published: December 2024

The article attempts of analyze the fatwa literature produced as a result of British Colonial interaction with the Indian subcontinent. It focuses on the two eras. First 1803 to 1857, when the British rule had become growing reality as it extended from Delhi to Calcutta. The fatwas issued in that scenario regarded the land in question as an abode of war (Dar al-harb) and demanded Muslims to defend it by preventing the expansion of the British rule, naturally jihad in those fatwas was declared obligatory. Second post 1857 scenario, when the British established its unchallenged rule in the Indian subcontinent. Fatwas appeared in that new reality radically challenged the earlier position and insisted on adopting a compromising stance. Thus subcontinent, in these fatwas was declared as the abode of peace (Dar al-’Amn), declaring jihad was regarded as a prohibited act; moreover establishing faithful relations with the new masters was emphasized. Both of these approaches have left a great impact on Indian society as well as, on the deliberations written later. The paper attempts to provide a bird eye view on these۔
برصغیر ہندو پاک کا فقہی ادب ایک جائزہ
Authors: ڈاکٹر ضیاء الدین فلاحی
Published: December 2024

The article attempts to compare and analyze the Fiqhi literature of the subcontinent in both Arabic and Urdu languages. Both emerged in the different phases of the history; the earlier in pre-colonial era while the later in the colonial and the post-colonial eras. By comparing the literature it arrives to the conclusion that whereas the Arabic literature is deeply concerned with the classical deliberations of Fiqh, the Urdu literature bears multidimensional discourses. Moreover this Urdu literature manifests ijtihad as its dominant shade. This is because of the different times and their challenges. The paper observes that sectarian debates have gained more attention during the last decades that have brought serious challenges to the Muslims intellects of the subcontinent. It holds that through academic and comparative studies these challenges can be successfully solved.
علومِ قضا پر علماے برصغیر کی تالیفات کا ایک جائزہ
Authors: ڈاکٹر عصمت اللہ
Published: December 2024

Islamic Law was the law of land during the entire Muslim reign of Indian subcontinent which lasted almost for the thousand years. It was, therefore, natural that the Muslim jurists of the time devoted a considerable attention on the procedural aspects of application of Islamic Law. The result was the production of rich heritage on the subject. This paper briefly surveys the classical as well as modern literature produced by this part of land and provides historical analysis on its development.
مکرراتِ قرآن اور امام بقاعیؒ
Authors: ڈاکٹر حبیب اللہ چشتی
Published: December 2024

Mukarrarat-ul-Quran means the repetition of any ayah or story in the Quran. Imam Biqai, in hiscommentary Nazm al-durar fi tanasub al ayat wa-’l-suwar, is of the view that such repetition is not repugnant to the eloquence of Quran, rather it adds to its beauty and conveys specific meanings in a particular context. Moreover, the Quran never repeats the full description of an event but only a particular section which is closely related to the theme of the second surah. In addition to describing this as a principle, Imam Biqai also presented numerous arguments for it in his commentary. The present article investigates these argument
صریرِ خامہ۔مجموعہ مقالات ومکتوبات سید وصی مظہر ندوی
Authors: ڈاکٹر عبدالحی ابڑو
Published: December 2024

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Impact of Improvised Instructional Materials on Teaching and Learning Biology Among Senior Secondary School Students in Dala Local Government Area, Kano State
Authors: Muhammad N. S. , Janguza S. S. , Muhammad M. A. , Dhakar R. , Rabiu S. , Labdo A. U. , Abubakar A. T.
Published: December 2024

Biology education is crucial for students to understand living organisms and their interactions with the environment. However, many schools struggle with limited access to teaching materials. This study investigated the impact of improvised instructional materials on biology education among senior secondary school students in Dala Local Government Area, Kano State. The research involved two schools, SSII classes from each school were assigned to control and experimental groups, totaling 346 students. Data was collected through surveys, classroom observations, and student assessments. Biology teachers were trained to design and use improvised materials in their curriculum. The findings revealed that improvised instructional materials improved teaching and learning in biology. Students in the experimental group showed better learning outcomes, higher engagement, and enhanced comprehension and retention of concepts. Quantitative data from post-tests were statistically analyzed to compare learning outcomes between the groups, while qualitative data from surveys were thematically analyzed to understand perceptions, challenges and benefits of using improvised materials. This study underscores the cost-effectiveness and practicality of improvised instructional materials, advocating for their adoption in schools. It provides insights for educators and policymakers to enhance biology education, innovative and student-centered teaching methods that foster a deeper understanding of life sciences among students.
Tefsîrü’l-Menâr’da Klasik Tefsirlere Yönelik Eleştiriler
Authors: Yıldız İbrahim , Kayacan Murat
Published: December 2024

İslâm dünyası, ilk beş asırdan sonra diğer medeniyetlere kıyasla ilmî ve fikrî olarak önemli ve ciddi bir gelişme gösterememiştir. Bu durum, 19. yüzyıldan itibaren Batı’nın askerî ve kültürel baskılarının da etkisi ile Müslüman aydınlar tarafından ciddi şekilde sorgulanmıştır. Tefsir ilmi özelinde başlayan sorgulamalarda Mısırlı âlimlerden Muhammed Abduh (1849-1905) ve öğrencisi Reşîd Rızâ’nın (1865-1935) kaleme aldıkları Tefsîrü’l-Menâr adlı eserde Kur’an’ın toplum üzerinde ilk asırlardaki gibi etkili olamaması hakkındaki düşüncelerini ortaya koydukları görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışmamızın araştırma sorusu şudur: “Menâr yazarlarına göre Kur’an’ı tefsir etmenin temel hedefi nedir ve onun Müslümanlara bir hidayet rehberi olmasının önünde engel olarak kabul edilebilecek tefsir yöntemleri nelerdir?” Bu noktada Tefsîrü’l-Menâr yazarları, sorunun temel nedeninin Kur’an’ın hidayet ve irşat temelli ana hedefinin gözden kaçırılması olduğunu savunmuşlardır. Müfessirlerin Kur’an’ı tefsir ederken bu ana hedeften saptıran yöntemler kullanmalarının Müslümanları Kur’an’dan ve dolayısıyla onun hidayet ve irşadından uzaklaştırdığını belirtmişlerdir. Araştırmamızda Tefsîrü’l-Menâr adlı eser, literatür taraması yöntemi kullanılarak incelenmiş, ortaya koydukları eleştiriler tespit edilmiş ve her bir eleştiri için yeteri kadar örnek verilerek konu hakkında değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Araştırmada tespit edilen bu eleştirilerden bazıları tefsir çevrelerince olumlu kabul edilmiş, bazıları hakkında ise aşırı ve hatalı olduğuna dair görüşler ortaya konulmuştur. Muhammed Abduh ve Reşîd Rızâ’nın, Tefsîrü’l-Menâr’da ortaya koydukları eleştirilere öncelikle kendilerinin uymaları beklenilir ise de bazen eleştirdikleri bu hususlara riayet etmedikleri görülmüştür. Bu durumun farkında olan Reşîd Rızâ, konuya dair açıklamalarda bulunarak kendilerini bir bakıma mazur göstermeye çalışmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre Tefsîrü’l-Menâr’ın tefsirin ana hedefleri ve tefsirde kullanılması gereken yöntemler hakkındaki eleştirileri günümüzde de geçerliliğini korumakta olup bu konudaki araştırmalar ve tartışmalar hâlâ sürmektedir. Bu noktada gerek yaşadıkları toplumu gerekse daha sonraki nesilleri etkileyen bu iki müfessirin klasik tefsirlere yönelik ortaya koydukları eleştirilerini sistematik bir şekilde ortaya koymak önem arz etmektedir.
Çağrı (1976) Filmi Örneğinde Tarihî Gerçekliklerin Sinemada Dönüşümü
Authors: Sarmış Mustafa
Published: December 2024

Bu makalede, tarihi olaylar sinemaya aktarılırken gerçeklik açısından ortaya çıkabilecek sorunlar Çağrı (1976) filmi örneğinde sorgulama altına alınmıştır. Böylece filmde yer alan söz konusu sorunların hem Müslümanların hem de diğer din mensuplarının İslam dinine yönelik algılarını nasıl yönlendirebileceği araştırılmıştır. Bu amaca bağlı olarak dokümantasyon yöntemiyle hem sinema ve tarih ilişkisi incelenmiş hem de Çağrı filmine yönelik yapılan sorgulayıcı çalışmalardan faydalanılmıştır. Ayrıca tarihsel film eleştirisi yöntemi üzerinden farklı açılardan karşılaştırmalar yapılmıştır. Çağrı filminde tarihi gerçekliklerden uzaklaşılmasına yol açan faktörler, bu filme yönelik yapılan diğer çalışmalardan farklı olarak sinema sosyolojisi, sinemasal yöntem ve perspektifler açısından irdelenmiş ve bu konular din sosyolojisi açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Sinema sosyolojisi açısından; yönetmenin istediği şekilde hareket etmesine engel olan konjonktürel şartlar, Hollywood endüstrisinden kaynaklanan doğrudan ve dolaylı baskı unsurları sebebiyle filmin içeriğinde karşılaşılan sınırlamalar, filmin Batılı ve Müslüman toplumlarda gösterime sokulabilmesi için mutlaka dikkate alınması gereken hassasiyetler Çağrı filmine yansıyan yönleriyle ele alınmıştır. Sinemasal yöntem ve perspektifler açısından; Hollywood anlatı sisteminin belirli kalıplar üzerinden inşa olması nedeniyle tarihi olayların aktarılmasında gerçeklikten uzak kurgusallıklara başvurulması, senaristlerin kişisel ve ideolojik yaklaşımlarının tarihi olayların belli bir perspektifle aktarılmasına yol açması, filmsel formatın tarihi olayları kesin bir bilgi olarak tek yönlü bir şekilde seyirciye sunması, film süresinin kısıtlı olmasına bağlı olarak filmin anlatısında tarihi olayların tüm yönleriyle gösterilememesi ve çeşitli çekim zorluklarına bağlı olarak karşılaşılan sınırlılıklar gibi birbiriyle ilişkili olan farklı konular Çağrı filmi üzerinden incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda Çağrı filminde Hz. Muhammed’in gösterilmemesi nedeniyle kamerasal bakışın ortaya çıkardığı sorunlar, filmde Hz. Peygamber yerine yalnızca birkaç sahâbînin ön plana çıkması, İslam mücadelesinde öne çıkan Aşere-i mübeşşere’nin gösterilmemesi ve Ehl-i beyt’in kendisine yer bulamaması gibi önemli meselelerin tarihi gerçeklikleri nasıl değiştirebileceği ve seyircileri nasıl yönlendirebileceğine dair değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, Çağrı filminde bazı yönlerden tarihi gerçekliklerden uzaklaşılmasına yol açan belirli bir içeriğin söz konusu olduğu ve bu içeriğin bireyleri farklı bir İslam imajıyla buluşturabileceği anlaşılmaktadır.
Brezilya’da Örgün Eğitim Kurumlarında Din Eğitimi
Authors: Öz Ayhan
Published: December 2024

Din eğitimi alanında her ülkenin sahip olduğu tecrübe kendine özgüdür. Bu çalışma, kendi tarihî birikimini dikkate alarak Brezilya’da örgün eğitim kurumlarında din eğitiminin süreç içinde nasıl bir dönüşüm geçirdiğini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Din eğitimi sahasının başat aktörlerinin kimler olduğu; bugün gelinen noktada bu alandaki uygulamaların hangi özellikleriyle öne çıktığı ve konunun güncel olarak tartışılmaya devam eden boyutları araştırma kapsamında ele alınmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada doküman analizi ve literatür tarama yöntemlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Konuya dair Türkçe yayımlanmış müstakil bir çalışmaya rastlanmadığından metnin oluşturulmasında daha çok Brezilya’da yayımlanmış resmî dokümanlarla yabancı dilde yazılmış akademik kaynaklara müracaat edilmiştir. Çalışmada öncelikle Brezilya’daki din-devlet ilişkisi ile genel eğitim sistemi hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Ardından din eğitiminin tarihsel arka planı ile hukukî dayanaklarına değinilmiştir. Din eğitimiyle ilişkili güncel konular daha çok devlet okulları ve özel okullarda din eğitimi, din eğitimi yaklaşımları ve öğretmen yetiştirme başlıkları altında ele alınmıştır. Son olarak da Brezilya’da örgün din eğitimi alanındaki güncel tartışmalara temas edilmiştir. Araştırmada federal bir anlayışla yönetilen Brezilya’da din eğitimi yaklaşım ve uygulamalarında eyaletler arasında ciddi farklar olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Süreç içinde ortak anlayış geliştirmek için girişimlerde bulunulduğu, Daimî Ulusal Din Eğitimi Forumu (FONAPER)’nun etkin bir aktör olarak süreçte yer aldığı ve 2018 yılında son şekli verilen Ulusal Müfredat Ortak Tabanı (BNCC) ile tüm öğretim alanlarıyla birlikte din eğitiminde de ortak bir çerçeve oluşturulmaya çalışıldığı belirlenmiştir. Bütün bu çabalara rağmen teorik kurgunun pratiğe yansıtılmasında halen sorunlar olduğu ve yerel düzeyde din eğitimi alanında farklı yaklaşımlara dayalı uygulamaların devam ettiği görülmüştür. Buna ilaveten Brezilya’da Katolik Kilise’nin din eğitimi alanında halen belirleyici bir rol oynadığı ve din eğitimiyle ilişkili güncel tartışmaların ağırlıklı olarak bu noktada yoğunlaştığı; çokkültürlü toplum yapısı ve laiklik anlayışının bir sonucu olarak din eğitiminde mezhep merkezli bir yaklaşımdan fenomenolojik bir yaklaşıma doğru bir değişimin yaşandığı tespit edilmiştir.
Early Detection and Treatment of Glaucoma and Diabetic Retinopathy Using Deep Neural Networks and Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Ravula Arun Kumar
Published: December 2024

Early detection, Monitoring and treatment of eye diseases like glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy (DR) has considerable impact in preventing avoidable blindness and improving the patient outcome. Recently, a lot of attention has been paid for utilizing some modern computational techniques such as Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) and Fuzzy Logic in the field of medical diagnostics because they provide an efficient way to automate the processes and improve disease detection. This paper describes our methodology for the implementation of DNNs with Fuzzy Logic to a diagnosis at early stage and then management glaucoma and DR, two most common irreversible blinding diseases worldwide. In this method, DNNs are used for interpreting complex images associated with eye pathology (fundus camera photographs and optical coherence tomography scans), and identifying early-stage pathological signals for glaucoma and DR, where the deep learning algorithms are trained on a large set of annotated retinal images to detect anomalies such as optic nerve head pointing defects, flame hemorrhages or microaneurysms separate classifiers that engage part of the wider algorithm. Fuzzy Logic integration in this structure further bolsters the units by envelope to conceptual difficulties and vagueness normally happen in medicinal imaging, remarkably because each proffers function from a border zone someplace attributes engine be foggy alternatively might contrast between patients. Fuzzy Logic Fuzzy logic could be used to improve decision-making by defining the extent of disease severity and straightforward outputs in order to allow clinicians to enhance treatment decisions. The deployment not only looks for the technical success of such a combination but also solutions for its computational burden, or answering addressing issues related to data quality and real-time processing requirements. Results in this preclinical testing session exhibit the potential of the system to not only enhance diagnostic accurateness and speed, but also hint at deployable conditions such as resource-limited clinical settings, especially in areas with low access to specific healthcare professionals. The approach will be refined with future work in order to use the algorithm on a larger dataset, and clinical trials should be performed in real-world clinical settings using more diverse patient populations. This implementation strategy holds great promise for eye care in revolutionizing early detection and timely intervention for glaucoma and DR leading to improved patient care, and lower rates of vision loss.
The Influence of Velocity and Pressure on Residual Stresses During The Backward and Forward Extrusion of AA6061 T6 Aluminium Alloy
Authors: Bakır Ban , Aljawad Haithem , Mert Faruk , Karataş Çetin
Published: December 2024

The extrusion process is considered a cost-effective manufacturing method compared to alternative production techniques, offering excellent mechanical properties and high product quality. Combined extrusion further enhances efficiency by minimizing the need for additional processing steps, thereby saving time and reducing production costs. The die geometry and friction factors play a critical role in determining the success and quality of this process. In this study, AA 6061 T6 aluminium alloy was selected as the billet material to investigate a combined backward–forward extrusion process and to examine the influence of process parameters, such as velocity and pressure, on the residual stresses formed in the extruded products. Two punch types were utilized: a hexagonal punch for the backward extrusion direction and a square punch for the forward extrusion direction. For each punch type, three different cross-sectional areas (140, 130, 115 mm2) and three different forming velocities (0.25, 0.5, 1 mm/s) were tested to assess the effect of forming pressure on residual stresses. The experiments were conducted using a heat-treated H13 steel die with a hydraulic press under lubricated conditions. The findings indicate that increasing the cross-sectional area of the punch, which corresponds to a reduction in pressing pressure, results in higher residual stresses at a constant velocity. The highest residual stresses were observed in the hexagonal region (1315 MPa), corresponding to the backward extrusion process. Intermediate stress levels (
Multi-Spectroscopic Investigations for Comprehensive Structural Analysis of Aluminoborosilicate Glasses: II. Relation Between the Glass Structure and Chemical Properties
Authors: Hu Hanyu , Soudani Sami , Hamon Jonathan , Trcera Nicolas , Paris Michael , Morizet Yann
Published: December 2024

Investigating how the chemical composition of glass influences its network structure is a crucial aspect in glass research. In this study, we have used the concept of glass optical basicity (Λglass), calculated from the chemical composition, to explore the relationship between the oxygen chemical environment and various structural parameters within complex network of Na- or/and Ca-bearing aluminoborosilicate glasses. We also incorporated extensive structural data from different glass systems reported in the literature. Our findings demonstrate a strong correlation between optical basicity and the following parameters: the maximum binding energy (B.E.) positions of the XPS O1s spectra, the chemical shifts of 23Na and 27Al from NMR spectra, the Ca-O distances from Ca K-edge XAS spectra, and the non-bridging oxygen (NBO) content calculated from 11B and 27Al NMR data. Furthermore, in low polymerization glasses, optical basicity also shows a strong correlation with the N4 values (proportion of BO4 species) obtained from 11B NMR spectra and the apparent average n value of Qn units derived from Raman spectra. The higher optical basicity aluminoborosilicate glasses is associated with higher oxygen binding energies, shorter Na-O and Ca-O distances, smaller Al-O-Si bond angles, higher NBO contents and lower degrees of network polymerization. This work provides new insights in using glass optical basicity for optimizing formulations of functional glasses and studying the effects of various components within glass systems.
Multilayer Silicon Carbide Composite Material Technology for High-Temperature Concentrated Solar-Thermal Power Components
Authors: Halfinger Jeff , Rogers Dale , Mohammadi Farhad
Published: December 2024

In 2012, the U.S Department of Energy defined aggressive targets to achieve lower component costs and higher system efficiencies for concentrated solar-thermal power (CSP), and this, in turn, has led to the exploration of technology options that can operate at higher temperatures [1]. These next-generation CSP options, referred to as Generation 3 (a.k.a. Gen3), are targeting temperatures at or above 700 oC for the energy being delivered to the power cycle, and the more challenging plant conditions have necessitated a review and selection of alternative receiver heat transfer fluids as well as a search for materials that can meet the associated high-temperature component requirements. Nickel-based alloys are currently being considered, but these generally experience a significant drop in strength at temperatures > 775 ºC [2] and may not be able to achieve corrosion and other lifetime requirements. Furthermore, these alloys are expensive, frequently have cost and schedule volatility, and offer little potential for lower cost at high production volumes. As an alternative, Ceramic Tubular Products, LLC (CTP) has developed a multilayer silicon carbide composite that can complement or replace alloys currently being considered for these Gen3 CSP applications.