bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Public danger in the modern doctrine of criminal law: Inverse development trends
Authors:   Academy of Law Management of the Federal Penal Service of Russia, Korneev Sergei A. , Golovastova Julia A. ,   Academy of Law Management of the Federal Penal Service of Russia
Published: January 2025

One of the topical and timely directions in the development of criminal law science is the expansion of doctrinal ideas about the essence and content of public danger. Taking into account the influence of socio-political processes on criminal legislation and the practice of its application, a rethinking of the conceptual foundations of the theory of social danger is required. In the work, on the basis of identifying dialectical contradictions, regular trends in the development of social danger as a criminal law phenomenon are determined. Such opposites are recognized as the theory of a socially dangerous state of an act and the theory of a socially dangerous state of a person as the basis for criminal liability. Meanwhile, the presented technique also makes it possible to identify gaps and shortcomings in criminal legislation that reduce the effectiveness of legal regulation in the criminal law sphere. As a result of rule-making work, new legislative constructions are fixed in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, which contradict not only the principles of criminalization, but also the principles of criminal law. The most problematic issues of this order include: criminal law prohibitions that provide for liability for a socially dangerous state of the individual; norms of criminal law providing for an unjustified reduction in the public danger of an act; expansion of compositions with administrative prejudice. They force us to raise the question of the expediency and necessity of their introduction into the criminal law legislation. In the course of the study, the authors substantiate the idea that the criminal law phenomenon of “social danger” is characterized by inverse development trends. The analysis shows that this type of development is characterized by recurring qualitative changes that are present in the criminal law (reducing or increasing social danger) or indicating its loss, which are based on dialectical contradictions. The authors come to the conclusion that there is a dualism in the understanding of public danger, which is recognized as the basis for criminal liability, which is directly enshrined in the construction of the norms of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.
The application of the likelihood ratio to the resolution of redundant diversity in forensic authoring
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Marusenko Mikhail A. , Petrov Vadim V. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: January 2025

The article deals with the problem of resolving the redundant diversity of algorithms used to solve the problems of forensic authoring. The availability of texts in electronic form and the banalization of the use of software tools have led to an uncontrollable variety of algorithms used to solve such problems. The modern stage in the development of the theory and practice of author identification is characterized by the widespread and easy availability of software tools that allow to process texts existing in electronic form without additional training. If at the initial stage of development of this subject domain the objects of research were mainly literary texts, today the center of interest are electronic texts (e-mails, SMS, chat rooms). This creates for their users an illusion of lack of necessity at least a general familiarity with the basic principles of stylometry (at least, such as the requirement of genre-stylistic homogeneity of the texts studied, exclusion of personages’ speech and processing only the author’s speech, the priority of syntax over vocabulary), which already has a rather respectable history. The lack of tools for validating the results of forensic analysis in this area makes it difficult to use them in legal practice. In the Anglo-Saxon jurisdictions, it is mandatory to use the method of likelihood ratio (LR) assessment when testing statistical hypotheses. LR shows the probability of similarity between a text of known origin and an attributed text for the null hypothesis that both texts have the same origin, versus the alternative hypothesis claiming that they have different origins. The application of this method reduces the redundant diversity of identification algorithms by eliminating the use of algorithms that do not include statistical hypothesis checking and LR estimation.
International legal framework of healthcare regulation
Authors:   Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation, Malichenko Vladislav S.
Published: January 2025

Under the influence of economic globalization and demographic changes, healthcare challenges have gradually been integrated into the agenda of international intergovernmental organizations, emphasizing their importance in the socio-economic well-being of the population and sustainable development. Increase in the frequency of new infectious pandemics registration and other global systemic threats has influenced analysis of possible directions for the development of international legal regulation of the healthcare sector in the scientific literature and documents of international organizations. In the presented article, the author systematizes the main threats and challenges in the field of health protection and their role in rethinking the concept of human security. The author carried out a comprehensive analysis of global health and global health governance concept formation. The article systematizes the main actors of international relations involved in the regulation of healthcare. Summarizing doctrinal sources, a critical analysis of international healthcare law as a new branch of international law is presented. The article is based on international treaties, resolutions of international intergovernmental organizations, as well as documents of other actors of international relations were studied and scientific studies of national and foreign experts in international health regulation and international health relations. Based on the results of the study, a conclusion is presented on the formation of “international health law” as a new branch of international law. The author systematizes the main sources of “international health law”, as well as a list of the main international actors involved in the regulation of this area.
Organização histológica da glândula de cheiro do cateto (Pecari tajacu, Linnaeus 1758) e a influência da testosterona na manutenção de sua estrutura
Authors:   , Azevedo Bruna Kaline Gorgonio de
Published: January 2025

O cateto (Pecari tajacu) pertence à família Tayassuidae, possuem quatro dígitos no membro torácico e três no membro pélvico, apresentam um focinho alongado e uma cauda
curta; se destacam por possuir uma glândula odorífera no dorso, que secreta continuamente
um líquido esbranquiçado. Tal secreção pode ser considerada um sinal químico . Sinais químicos de ação intra-específicos são denominados feromônios, agindo na fisiologia e
desenvolvimento dos indivíduos ou diretamente em seu comportamento. Em várias espécies de mamíferos, a função do desenvolvimento da glândula de cheiro é regulada por hormônios gonadais. O objetivo desse trabalho foi descrever a morfologia da glândula de cheiro e avaliar se sua estrutura é influenciada pela testosterona. Para isso foram utilizados doz e catetos machos provenientes do Centro de Multiplicação de Animais Silvestres da Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido e dividido em quatro grupos de três animais: grupo I (catetos
recém -nascidos), grupo II (catetos adultos intactos), grupo III (cateto s adultos castrados), grupo IV (catetos adultos castrados e tratados com testosterona). Todos os procedimentos foram realizados de acordo com o Comitê de Ética no Uso de Animais da Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (nº 26/2013). Os catetos foram sacrificados, as glândulas de cheiro foram dissecadas e as dimensões de comprimento e largura foram mensuradas.
Posteriormente fragmentos das glândulas foram submetidos ao processa mento histológico, foram realizadas análises histomorfométricas, bem como se avaliou a atividade proliferativa das células glandulares através do método de contagem de regiões organizadoras de nucléolo
argirofílicas. A glândula de cheiro era oval e exibia no centro um ducto principal. Duas regiões eram nítidas e diferenciavam-se pela coloração. A porção cranial era clara (glândula
sebácea) e a porção caudal era escura (glândula sudorípara). A glândula de cheiro de animais recém -nascidos apresentou diferenças histológicas quando comparado à glândula de animais
adultos e após a castração a glândula sofreu um processo de involução que pode ser parcialmente revertido com a reposição hormonal. A porção sebácea da glândula de cheiro foi
a mais afetada pela castração. Os resultados dos dados histomorfométricos e da contagem de AgNORs mostraram que a porção sebácea da glândula de cheiro do cateto está sobre forte influência da testosterona, uma vez que a diminuição dos níveis de testosterona no sangue decorrentes da castração, geraram diminuição da atividade proliferativa e alterações
significativas em suas unidades secretoras.
Efeitos de seca prolongada na diversidade beta de assembleias de peixes de um reservatório semiárido
Authors:   , Pinheiro Laura Amélia Pereira
Published: January 2025

O reservatório de Santa Cruz sofreu a interferência na redução do nível de chuvas de 2010 a 2014, onde os valores de precipitação foram inferiores ao nível médio da região, variando de 473 mm a 0 mm, resultando na redução progressiva do volume do reservatório reduzindo assim de 94% em até 41,9%, com isso, o objetivo da pesquisa foi: (1) Testar o efeito da redução do nível de água do reservatório, ocasionado pela diminuição da pluviosidade, sobre a diversidade beta (2) Investigar padrões espaciais e temporais de diversidade beta das assembleias usando índices de dissimilaridade baseados em incidência (β-sor) e abundancia (β-bray) (3) Investigar a importância dos componentes de turnover (β-sim) e aninhamento (β-sne) nas dissimilaridades de Sorensen (4) Investigar a importância dos componentes de gradiente (β-gra) e balanço (β-bal) na dissimilaridade de Bray-Curtis (5) Avaliar as relações entre as medidas e componentes de dissimilaridade e os gradientes de seca (redução do volume da água e da chuva mensal) e longitudinal (gradiente barragem-rio), onde foram foram calculadas as dissimilaridade de Sorensen e assim particionada em componentes de turnorver e aninhamento, e também a dissimilaridade de Bray-Curtis particionada em componentes de balanço e gradiente. Para avaliar as correlações entre as matrizes de dissimilaridade e o gradiente barragem rio com os gradientes de seca, foi feitas regressões múltiplas em matrizes de distâncias. O valor médio da dissimilaridade de β-sor foi de 0,44± 0,15 variando de 0 à 1 .Os valores de β-sim explicou 56% de β-sor (p=0,001) enquanto o de β-sne 1,4% (p=0,01). O valor médio da dissimilaridade de Bray Curtis foi de 0,70± 0,17, variando de 0,09 à 1, O valor de β-bal explicou 12% (p=0,01), enquanto o valor de B-gra explicou 14% (p=0,01). A matriz β-sor foi correlacionada negativamente com a pluviosidade, no entanto a mesma foi correlacionada positivamente com o volume do reservatório. A matriz β-sim foi correlacionada negativamente com a pluviosidade e com o volume do reservatório, enquanto a mesma foi correlacionada positivamente com a distância dos pontos. A matriz β-sne foi correlacionada positivamente apenas com a matriz de distância dos pontos. A matriz β-bray foi correlacionada positivamente com a distância dos pontos e volume do reservatório. A matriz β-bal foi correlacionada negativamente com a distância dos pontos e com a pluviosidade, enquanto a mesma foi positivamente correlacionada com o volume do reservatório A matriz β-gra foi correlacionada positivamente com a distância. A presente pesquisa evidenciou que gradiente de seca altera o ecossistema de um reservatório tropical, principalmente por turnorver de espécies e gradiente de abundancia.
Xenotransplante ovariano de gatas domésticas em camundongas C57BL/6 SCID e sua resposta á gonadotrofina coriõnica equina
Authors:   , Santos Fernanda Araujo dos
Published: January 2025

Xenotransplante ovariano é uma técnica reprodutiva auxiliar que permite a conservação do germoplasma de espécies de alto valor zootécnico ou em perigo de extinção. O uso de gonadotrofinas exógenas auxilia no desenvolvimento desses tecidos
xenotransplantados e na obtenção de folículos viáveis para produção in vitro de embriões (PIVE), entretanto esse uso não foi relatado em xenotransplante de ovários de gatas com
fêmeas C57BL/6 SCID como receptora. Dessa forma, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a resposta do xenotransplante ovariano de gata doméstica à gonadotrofina coriônica equina
(eCG) quando transplantados em fêmeas C57BL/6 SCID. Para tanto, fragmentos de córtex ovariano de gatas domésticas foram transplantados sob a cápsula renal de quinze camundongas C57BL/6 SCID após ovariectomia bilateral. Ao final de 45 dias, as fêmeas foram divididas em dois grupos e aquelas que não receberam indução hormonal (eCG ) foram eutanasiadas no momento da indução. As fêmeas que receberam indução hormonal (eCG +) foram eutanasiadas 48h após. Todos os tecidos colhidos foram levados para processamento histológico. As proporções entre os diferentes folículos ovarianos foram
comparadas pelo teste de qui-quadrado. A análise morfométrica dos folículos foi comparada entre os grupos experimentais pelo teste de Tukey (folículos primordial, primário e
secundário) e Kruskal-Wallis (folículo antral). Macroscopicamente foi possível observar um baixo número (16%) de folículos antrais com mais de 1mm nos transplantes tratados com
eCG. Na análise microscópica, folículos de todas as categorias foram observados nos transplantes e todos apresentaram morfologia e morfometria normais para a espécie estudada
(Felis catus), sendo, porém observado folículos primordiais e primários maiores naqueles transplantes eCG +. Houve uma redução nas porcentagens de folículos primordiais e aumento
nas categorias subsequentes, principalmente nas de folículos antrais do grupo eCG +, sendo essa condição caracterizada como Follicular Right Shift (FRS). Folículos luteinizados
também foram observados nos transplantes tratados com eCG. Dessa maneira, conclui-se que o tratamento com eCG foi eficaz em se tratando de desenvolvimento folicular, mas não
apresentou boa resposta superovulatória.
Detecção sorológica da leptospirose, toxoplasmose e leishmaniose em tatus-peba (Euphractus sexcinctus) de vida livre
Authors:   , Fernandes Werona de Oliveira Barbosa
Published: January 2025

O aumento do contato entre a população humana e doméstica com os animais silvestres tem contribuído para disseminar agentes infeciosos na vida selvagem, aumentando assim, os riscos de transmissão das zoonoses. O número de enfermidades já relatadas nas diferentes espécies de tatus é muito alta. Acredita-se, portanto, que o E. sexcinctus possa atuar como reservatório de uma série de doenças, muitas delas ainda não confirmadas para espécie. Isso ocorre por esta espécie apresentar diversas características compatíveis com a manutenção dos agentes na natureza, tais como, suas características fisiológicas, ampla distribuição, partilhar suas tocas com outras espécies e manter contato direto com o homem e animais domésticos. Com isso, este estudo objetivou detectar, a partir de diferentes técnicas sorológicas, a presença de anticorpos anti-Leptospira spp., anti-Toxoplasma gondii e anti-Leishmania infantum nos tatus-peba, de vida livre. Para tanto, foram utilizados 33 tatus da espécie Euphractus sexcinctus, de ambos os sexos e variadas idades provenientes da cidade de Mossoró-RN. Dos 33 animais submetidos as análises sorológicas, 2/33 (6,06%) foram positivos para leptospirose. Um deles reagiu para o sorovar Canicola (200) e outro para o sorovar Andamana (200). Para a pesquisa de toxoplasmose, 2/33 (6,06%) apresentaram anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii, todas apresentando título igual a 400. Em relação a leishmaniose, 3/33 (9,09%) animais foram reativos para o antígeno L. infantum, todos apresentando título de 320. Esta foi a primeira evidência de anticorpos anti-Leishmania infantum em Euphractus sexcinctus já descrita. A partir do presente estudo, foi possível confirmar a real possibilidade destes aninais atuarem como portadores de agentes com potencial zoonótico.
Extracellular Vesicles: A Promising Therapeutic Approach to Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Mehrabadi Shima
Published: January 2025

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized membranous particles that are secreted by
various cell types and play a critical role in intercellular communication. Their unique properties
and remarkable ability to deliver bioactive cargo to target cells have made them promising tools in
the treatment of various diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD is a devastating neurodegenerative
disease characterized by progressive cognitive decline and neuropathological hallmarks,
such as amyloid-beta plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Despite extensive research, no
disease-modifying therapy for AD is currently available. However, EVs have emerged as a potential
therapeutic agent in AD due to their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, deliver bioactive
cargo, and modulate neuroinflammation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the
current knowledge on the role of EVs in AD and discusses their potential as a therapeutic approach.
It covers the mechanisms of action, potential therapeutic targets, and challenges and limitations
of EV-based therapies for AD.
Chemical Profiling, Antioxidant, and Antiproliferative Activities of
Algerian Cistus creticus L. Leaf Extracts: Evidence from In vitro and In
Silico Studies
Authors: Aouiffat Yacine , Benaceur Farouk , Bakchiche Boulanouar , kadi Imededdine , Berrabah Fathi , Gouzi Hicham , Bardaweel Sanaa K. , Shakya Ashok K. , Mohamed Asmaa S. , Ghareeb Mosad A.
Published: January 2025

Background:

Research into oxidative stress, cancer, and natural products revealed
promising avenues for therapeutic intervention. Natural products are considered potent pharmaceuticals in combating oxidative stress and its relationship with cancer.

Methods:

This study was carried out to evaluate the chemical profile and antioxidant activities using
DPPH, ABTS, Phenanthroline, Cupric, Phosphomolybdenum, FRAP, Hydroxyl, Iron chelation in
vitro assays, and anticancer properties by MTT method of Cistus creticus extracts. The chemical
composition was determined using the LC/MS-MS technique. Therefore, in silico methods, particularly molecular docking and dynamic simulation were applied for molecular interaction analysis

Results:

The obtained results revealed a wide variety of phenolic compounds in all studied fractions, in their qualitative and quantitative distribution. In most antioxidant assays, the butanol and
ethyl acetate extracts exhibited the most effective effects, followed by the aqueous extract, while
the petroleum ether and chloroform fractions exhibited much lower activity in comparison with
standards. In parallel, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and chloroform extracts exhibited potent antiproliferative activity against T47D and A549 cell lines, while the aqueous extract showed an IC50 in the
range of mg/ml. Moreover, the analysis of interactions identified compounds against particular
targets in studied cell lines using molecular docking showed a great affinity, especially for the
ligands Hesperidin, Luteolin-7-O-glucoside and Rutin. Also, the molecular dynamic simulation of
the interacting complexes Hesperidin-mTOR, Lutin-EGFR and Apigenin-HER2 revealed precise
interaction, providing insights into their stability and dynamic behavior. Furthe

Conclusion:

These findings confirmed the potential of Algerian Cistus creticus L. leaf extracts as
promising therapeutic molecules for combating oxidative stress and cancer.
Analysis of the Results of Experimental Studies of Sewage Sludge Treatment in the Biotechnology Laboratory
Authors: M.W. Parshikova , E.M. Mikryukova
Published: January 2025

Background:

The use of bioreactors at sewage treatment plants solves an environmental
problem at water utilities in the Udmurt Republic, as sludge beds are overflowing
due to the fact that tens of tons of sewage sludge have been stored on sludge beds every
day since the 1980s and amount to hectares of land.

Objective:

The results of experimental studies on the processing of wastewater sludge in
the Biotechnology laboratory were analyzed to improve the efficiency of the technological
process for the disposal of organic waste using a biogas plant and a process activator.

Methods:

The methodology for preparing a biogas plant for entering the operating mode
and further operation is presented. An algorithm for experimental studies using a biogas
plant and obtaining biogas from organic waste is presented.

Results:

The article presents an analysis of the results of experimental studies of sewage
sludge treatment under periodic psychrophilic and, subsequently mesophilic operating conditions
of the bioreactor in relation to the climatic conditions of the Udmurt Republic. The results
of experimental studies in the article are presented in the form of graphical dependencies
of the volume of produced biogas on the temperature and duration of the process.

Results:

The article presents the dynamics of changes in the volume of produced biogas
depending on the increase in temperature and duration of the process under the mesophilic
operating mode of the bioreactor. On the first day of the experiment under the mesophilic
mode in the bioreactor, the volume of produced biogas was 2.15% (7.41 g) at a temperature
of 32 ° C; with increasing temperature, the volume of produced biogas increased. The
maximum biogas production was observed on the fifth day of the experiment under the
mesophilic mode and amounted to 7.66%, which corresponds to 26.41 g.

Conclusion:

The recommended loading volume of biomass into the bioreactor is 80 liters.
In accordance with the actual conditions of the sewage treatment facilities, the volume of
biogas produced will be 26,000 m3 of methane daily during the period of anaerobic fermentation
in the bioreactor. To solve the environmental problem, it is necessary to install a
complex of bioreactors at the water utilities of the Udmurt Republic.
Pengaruh Media dalam Meningkatkan Kesertaan Program Keluarga Berencana di Jawa Barat
Authors: Suhenda Dadang , Lestari Weny , Nasution Ade Saputra , Ghani Mochamad Wahyu , Nuraini Nuraini
Published: January 2025

Latar Belakang: Indonesia merupakan negara dengan jumlah penduduk terbesar ke empat dunia, jika tidak dibarengi dengan kualitas sumber daya manusia yang unggul dan pengelolaan kebijakan yang baik, akan menyebabkan terjadinya bencana demografi. Diperlukan pengendalian penduduk melalui program Keluarga Berencana (KB) salahsatunya melalui pemakaian kontrasepsi.Tujuan: Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan keterpaparan informasi KB dengan dengan kesertaan ber-KB di Provinsi Jawa Barat.Metode: Metode penelitian kuantitatif sederhana dengan menggunakan data sekunder SKAP 2019. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dan inferensia.Hasil: Diketahui bahwa rata-rata umur responden wanita adalah 32 tahun. Pendidikan tertinggi SMA sebanyak 34,6% dan sebagian besar tidak bekerja sebanyak 59,1 %. Responden wanita lebih banyak tinggal di kota dengan proporsi sebanyak 69,1% dan 30,9% tinggal di Desa. Hasil uji lanjut menggunakan chi-square diketahui bahwa terdapat hubungan informasi KB dengan kesertaan ber-KB. Responden yang pernah mendengar informasi KB memiliki kecenderungan untuk menggunakan KB sebesar 1/0,267 = 3,745 kali lebih besar dibandingkan dengan responden yang belum pernah terpapar informasi KB.Kesimpulan: Paparan media massa tentang informasi KB pada WUS baik itu melalui radio, televisi, maupun internet dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang KB dan 3,7 kali berpeluang untuk ber-KB. Keterpaparan media tentang informasi KB perlu lebih efektif dan dan memiliki jangkauan lebih luas termasuk menjangkau kepesertaan KB pada laki-laki
Objects of Refuge: Hierarchical and Symbolic Structure
Authors:   Gorodovikov Kalmyk State University, Bicheev Baazr A.
Published: January 2025

The article examines a hierarchical and symbolic structure of objects visualized in the traditional vow-taking practice of Refuge. Goals. The paper seeks to outline the mentioned structure and identify roles (and significance) attributed to the objects of Refuge on the path of spiritual self-improvement in Buddhism. Materials and methods. The study analyzes a seventeenth-century Oirat manuscript serving a guide to the practice of Refuge. The employed interdisciplinary approach involves a variety of research methods, including those of philosophical, textual, and religious analysis. Conclusions. Refuge manuals constitute a special type of Buddhist literature that introduce ethical and religious instructions — in close connection with certain visualization techniques. Inter alia, there is an Oirat-language (in Clear Script) manuscript titled ‘The Door to the Teaching [and] Reflection on the Guide to the Practice of Refuge Referred to as ‘The Quencher of Hopes of the Pious’ (Oir. Šaǰin-du oroxoyin öüden itegeliyin kötölböriyin sedkilge sayin xubitani erel xangγaqči kemēkü orošibo). This manual is notable enough since, unlike other texts, it contains not only traditional instructions on performing visualization techniques and obtaining new knowledge during meditative practices — but also delivers about two dozens of didactic narratives. According to the Buddhist tradition, the one who has just taken the vow of Refuge feels (in the flow of his consciousness) the presence of an imperative determination to achieve Enlightenment for the benefit of living beings, which actually defines him as a Buddhist, i.e. an individual on the Path toward Enlightenment. With due regard of the outlined context, a hierarchy of objects of Refuge is articulated through the visualization technique and verbal affirmations to imprint the required objects or dogmatic directives in consciousness.
The Choné Kangyur: A Socio-Archaeographic Analysis
Authors:   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies, Siberian Branch of the RAS, Bazarov Andrei A.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The paper attempts a socio-archaeographic analysis of the Choné Kangyur housed at the Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies (SB RAS). Goals. The work primarily seeks to introduce one previously unknown edition (set) of the Tibetan Buddhist canon into scientific circulation. Methods. In terms of methodology, the study rests on that of ‘social archaeography’, with some provisions of historical phenomenology be as involved. Results. The socio-archaeographic analysis of the specified collection facilitates deeper understanding of its social significance and certain specifics of Buddhist book culture in the Baikal Region throughout the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The main research target is to reconstruct somewhat social aspects behind the shaping of Buddhist canonical heritage across Russia’s regions — with a view to establish the edition’s place in the modern national book system. Conclusions. The content analysis shows Buryat monasteries had shaped a harmonious hierarchical book system centered around the Kangyur by the early twentieth century. Those had been both practical and soteriological motives that underlay decisions made by leaders of the region’s Buddhist communities to purchase Kangyur editions in large quantities from Qing China. The Choné Kangyur (IMBT SB RAS) proves a fundamental source for numerous studies in history, archaeography, and social agenda. The Choné Kangyur introduced herein attests to Tibetan-language publications have been — and still are — an important and integral part of Russia’s book resources, serve as a factor in the formation of the nation’s book culture. The article also pays particular attention to some newly discovered episodes in the history of the Choné Kangyur.
Mongolian People’s Republic and Japan in Advance of the Khalkhin Gol Incident
Authors:   Institute of Oriental Studies of the RAS, Orlova Keemya V.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The year 2024 celebrates the 85th anniversary of the Battles of Khalkhin Gol. The slashing war (May-September 1939) ended with a truce agreement signed on 15 September 1939 and immediately followed by ceasefire. The warring sides agreed on the latter, settlements of territorial claims, POW and KIA exchanges. The events proved another significant milestone in the national history and shaped a new stage in Soviet-Mongolian cooperation. The multiple penetrations of Japanese units deep into Mongolia’s territory under various pretexts did attest to those were preparing for war. On 11 September 1939, Japanese troops invaded the Mongolian People’s Republic in the Khalkhin Gol area. As a faithful ally the Soviet Union granted its military support to the nation. The historical significance of the incident still attracts attention of scholars from various countries, including from the direct participant ones. Goals. The article examines some border conflicts between the MPR and Manchukuo, i.e. the events that had preceded the invasion of Mongolia by Japanese-Manchu troops. Materials. The paper examines published archival materials, collected documents, and scholarly writings. Results and conclusions. The tense relations between the MPR and Japan on the eve of the hostilities were somewhat a manifestation of the complicated political agenda then witnessed worldwide. Japan did have certain influence on Mongolia’s foreign policy, since it had launched aggression across Northeast China in 1931 only to create the state of Manchukuo in 1932 and, thus, find itself bordering the former. So, Japan in the form of Manchukuo started posing an evident threat to the independence and sovereignty of the MPR: it would articulate claims to the Khalkhin Gol area. Since 1934, Mongolia was facing border violations that led to a full-scale military attack. There was no clear borderline between the MPR and Manchukuo across the disputed area, which made both the sides begin negotiations. However, the rounds of 1935 and 1937 ended with null results. The Soviet-Mongolian victory would further strengthen mutual political, economic, and military ties.
The Alphabetical Book of Red Army Conscripts by Military Commissariat of Ulan-Kholsky District: Analyzing Mobilization Arrangements in the Kalmyk ASSR
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS, Ochir-Goryaeva Valentina N.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The article provides statistical insights into a consolidated database compiled from the Alphabetical Book of Red Army Conscripts by Military Commissariat of Ulan-Kholsky District (Kalmyk ASSR). Goals. The article attempts a statistical analysis of the identified consolidated database for deeper understanding of the actual historical conditions and contexts. Materials and methods. The study focuses on materials of Soviet Kalmykia’s Military Commissariat to the former Ulan-Kholsky District available on the Pamyat Naroda (‘People’s Memory’) government information system. The work employs a wide range of general and special historical research methods, including the quantitative and statistical ones. Results. The local military commissariat’s book contains data on a total of 1,565 residents of Ulan-Kholsky and Lagansky districts. The conducted analysis has revealed quite a variety of repetitions, errors, and inaccuracies. Nevertheless, the compiled and corrected database covers a significant number of servicemen, and further processing of the latter secures extended studies into the participation of our fellow countrymen in the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945.
Medirse uno mismo
Authors: Lifshitz Alberto
Published: January 2025

La posibilidad de utilizar la tecnología actual para monitorear nuestros signos vitales y otros parámetros de salud que dan pautas al médico para la adherencia terapéutica y la fármaco-vigilancia, entre otros importantes asuntos, es una conducta que alejada de los excesos y las conductas obsesivas, hace al paciente responsable de su propio cuidado y por tanto resulta una práctica saludable y recomendada.
El laberinto de Alfisam
Authors: Pérez Rodríguez Mariel Anahí
Published: January 2025

En el maravilloso mundo de Alfisam, los recuerdos desvanecidos y consternación ante la vida nos llevan a navegar por una de las experiencias que muchas personas con esquizofrenia viven, ya sea en el silencio o en la soledad, incluso en la tristeza o en el desconcierto.
Adentrémonos al laberinto de sus recuerdos, en el que cada rincón representa una lucha interna. Esta es una historia que podría tener un final diferente si se comprendiera el desvanecimiento de una mente como la de Alfisam.
El cuerpo obeso como espacio de existencia
Authors: Sampieri Cabrera Raúl
Published: January 2025

El cuerpo obeso, desde la perspectiva de Merleau-Ponty, no se reduce a un objeto físico, es el núcleo de la experiencia humana. En la obesidad, este cuerpo se percibe tanto desde el interior como a través de las imposiciones sociales, que genera una tensión entre la autoimagen y la percepción externa. Esta alienación convierte al cuerpo obeso en un espacio de lucha interna y estigmatización social. Sin embargo, sigue siendo el medio de interacción con el mundo, afirma su existencia y ofrece una manera singular de habitarlo. Interpretar la obesidad desde esta filosofía permite trascender los enfoques reduccionistas, para ser discutida como una vivencia que refleja características físicas, dinámicas sociales y aspectos culturales.
Do values influence beliefs concerning exporting strategy? The case of the Greek wine production sector
Authors: Christodoulaki Ioanna , Sahinidis Alexandros G. , Tourna Eleni , Gkikas Grigorios , Asonitou Sofia
Published: January 2025

Motivation theories, personality traits, and values have been widely used in organizational behavior to predict or explain the attitudes and beliefs of entrepreneurs or managers. Existing literature acknowledges that there is a different weight to certain motives, traits, or values between self-employed people (entrepreneurs) and managers (Noseleit, 2010; Warr, 2018). This study aims to investigate the influence of certain values on the beliefs of managers concerning exports. To meet the goal of the study, an online survey was conducted among 210 managers of the Greek wine production sector. Based on Schwartz’s (1992, 1994, 2012) theory of values, the findings of the study showed that from the self-enhancement category, power value influences the two components of behavioral beliefs, and from the category openness to change, stimulation value influence also the two components of behavioral beliefs. From the conservation category, tradition influences only one component of behavioral beliefs, while from the self-transcendence category, benevolence influences only one component of behavioral beliefs. The contribution of the study to current literature lies in the fact that it has theoretical implications in entrepreneurial literature as it explores how values, as described by Schwartz (1992, 1994, 2012), influence managerial behavioral beliefs concerning exporting activity.
Robust communication strategy for overcoming narrowband jamming in low-frequency CDMA-DSSS system using MATLAB
Authors: Manna Tanajit , Das Arabinda , Bhattacharjee Bidrohi , Mukherjee Shibabrata
Published: January 2025

This work presents a method for efficient communication in the case of a
Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) single user system to reduce jamming
under restricted band in Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems.
Improvement-based, narrowband-frequency communication is in significant
demand in the security sector. The research presents an experimental and
analytical comparison of the Power Spectral Density (PSD) of CDMA under
narrowband frequency with and without jamming situation. An optimal system
is shown, backed by the Bit Error Rate (BER) and Signal to Noise Ratio
(Eb/N) curve, by varying the signal power and Barker code. We can obtain both
jamming-free PSD and low narrowband jamming through experimental variations
in signal power. Barker Code-supported variations in the spreading factor
show the benefits of the system's optimised model in the case of narrow band
jamming. The coding-based MATLAB? platform is used to implement the
aforementioned novel approach for the CDMA-DSSS system design, modeling, and
performance analysis.
Raman spectroscopy in the characterization of autochthonous sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) cultivars from the Balkan region
Authors: Volic Mina , Obradovic Natasa , Milivojevic Ana , Milosevic Nebojsa , Pecinar Ilinka
Published: January 2025

The quality assessment and evaluation of fruits and vegetables are crucial in
their postprocessing, shelf life, and price. Most of the techniques applied
to evaluate fruit and vegetable quality are invasive. However, there is a
growing interest in non-invasive techniques for assessing fruit quality,
which are gaining traction due to their application and operation mechanism.
The present study demonstrates, for the first time, the applicability of the
Raman spectroscopy for spectral signature assessment of sweet cherry (Prunus
avium L.) cultivars (?Djuti?, ?Canetova?, ?Ohridska crna?, and ?Dolga
Siska?). Combined with principal component analysis (PCA), Raman
spectroscopy was used in assessing nutritionally similar samples, such as
the studied sweet cherry cultivars. Sugars (glucose, sucrose, and fructose),
anthocyanins, phenolic acids, and flavonoids, quantified by comparison to
reference standards using high-performance liquid chromatography, exhibited
Raman bands (at 337, 399, 455, 538, 617, 1327, and 1600 cm-1, respectively)
of varying intensities, indicating differences among cultivars. Compared to
the other cultivars, the ?Ohridska crna? cultivar had the highest
nutritional and health-promoting compounds. A correlation was found between
the Raman bands and the sugar and phenolic content obtained by chemical
analysis. The results indicate the applicability of chemometric modeling
associated with Raman spectroscopy for rapid sweet cherry authentication.
Islet autoantibody screening throughout Australia using in-home blood spot sampling: two-year outcomes of Type1Screen.
Authors: M. Wentworth John , B.E. Sing Anna , Naselli Gaetano , Huang Dexing , Azidis-Yates Elizabeth , Mandlebe Batsho , D. Brown James , McGorm Kelly , Hall Candice , Redl Leanne , Kludas Renee , Haldar Aniruddh , Healy Felicity , Gilbert Abbey , Watson Kelly , Chiang Cherie , J. Couper Jennifer , Huynh Tony , A. Davis Elizabeth , E. Craig Maria , J. Cameron Fergus , W Kay Thomas , C. Harrison Leonard , G. Colman Peter
Published: January 2025

Objective Type1Screen offers islet autoantibody testing to Australians with a family history of type 1 diabetes (T1D) with the dual aims of preventing diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and enabling use of disease-modifying therapy. We describe screening and monitoring outcomes two years after implementing in-home capillary blood spot sampling. Research design and methods Data from 2064 participants who registered between July 2022 and June 2024 were analyzed: 1507 and 557 chose blood spot and venipuncture screening respectively. We compared baseline characteristics and outcomes for 1243 participants (967 blood spot and 276 venipuncture) whose samples were tested by June 2024. Results Unsuccessful sample collections were reported by 1 blood spot and 5 venous participants. The median [Q1, Q3] age of blood spot registrants was lower (12.1 [7.1, 27.1] v 17.2 [9, 38.4] years; p<0.0001) and a higher proportion lived in regional Australia (39% v 29%; p=0.0037). Seventy-two participants (5.9%) had a positive screening test, of whom 5 screened by blood spot and 2 by venipuncture had no autoantibodies on confirmatory testing. Blood spot screening identified the expected 2.1% prevalence of multiple autoantibodies and a 2.5% prevalence of a single autoantibody compared to 1.5% and 4.1%, respectively, for venipuncture screening. Twelve participants developed clinical diabetes. All had screened positive and none had DKA. Conclusions Type1Screen has national reach. In-home blood spot screening is feasible, particularly for younger participants living regionally, and identifies the expected prevalence of preclinical T1D. The lower cost, increased convenience and greater reach of blood spot screening could help meet increasing demand for early T1D diagnosis.
Study of Some Predictors of Atherosclerosis in Persons with Elevated Blood Pressure and in Patients with Essential Hypertension in the Population of a Region with a High Mortality Rate
Authors:   Ryazan State Medical University, Glenza Ayoub , Dobrynina Natal’ya V. ,   Ryazan State Medical University, Yakushin Sergey S. ,   Ryazan State Medical University
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION: Key modifiable risk factors for the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases are arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia. The prevalence of arterial hypertension in Russia is high and makes 41.1% in men and 29.0% in women. Moreover, the combination of arterial hypertension and any form of dyslipidemia accounts for 40.0% of all observations, leading to a mutual increase in the risk of atherosclerotic vascular lesion.
AIM: To assess the prevalence of dyslipidemia, the intima-media thickness (IMT) and cardiovascular risk in patients with essential hypertension and in persons with elevated blood pressure, not undergoing an antihypertensive therapy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The results of a study of the lipid spectrum, carotid artery ultrasound with the determination of IMT and calculation of the risk of cardiovascular complications were analyzed on the SCORE scale in 3 groups consisting of 50 people living in Ryazan and the Ryazan region selected by simple random selection and followed up as part of the ESSE-RF 2 study. Group A included patients with an established diagnosis of essential hypertension, taking at least 1 antihypertensive drug, group B included patients with elevated blood pressure on a visit to a doctor, without diagnosis of essential hypertension in history, not taking antihypertensive drugs. Group C (control group) included 50 subjects without diseases of the circulatory system.
RESULTS: The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in groups A and B was comparable (78.0% and 80.0%, respectively) and statistically significantly higher than in group C. The level of total cholesterol (TC) in groups A and B was also comparable (5.75 ± 0.31 and 5.94 ± 0.31 mmol/L) and statistically significantly exceeded the indicators of group C. The average level of LDL-C in group A was 3.26 ± 0.92 mmol/L, in group B — 3.55 ± 0.85 mmol/L, which is also significantly higher than in group C. IMT in group A was 0.71 ± 0.20 mm, which is comparable with group B (0.75 ± 0.17 mm) and showed a tendency to increase in comparison with group C. Groups A and B have high and very high cumulative risk on the SCORE scale 54.0% and 60.0%, respectively, which is significantly higher than in group C.
CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of hypercholesterolemia, the level of total cholesterol and LDL-C and risk on the SCORE scale are comparable in groups A and B, and significantly higher than in group C. There is a tendency to a higher IMT, both in the group of subjects with a confirmed diagnosis of essential hypertension, and in the group with elevated blood pressure compared to the control group.
Dynamics of Prevalence of Bronchial Asthma in Children in the Ryazan Region
Authors:   Ryazan State Medical University, Belykh Natal’ya A. , Piznyur Inna V. ,   Ryazan State Medical University, Lebedeva Inna N. ,   Regional Children's Clinical Hospital named after N. V. Dmitrieva, Smirnova Vera V. ,   Regional Children's Clinical Hospital named after N. V. Dmitrieva
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION: Bronchial asthma (BA) is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease of the airways. The prevalence, severity, and mortality from BA vary depending on the geographic region and economic level.
AIM: Study of the dynamics of the morbidity and prevalence of bronchial asthma (BA) in children of the Ryazan region over the past 10 years.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The prevalence and morbidity of the child population were studied retrospectively based on the data of two annual reports according to federal statistical observation forms No. 12 (f-12) of Ryazan and the Ryazan region for 2013–2022 in comparison with the respective parameters for the Russian Federation previously published in statistical digests.
RESULTS: Analysis of statistical data by individual age groups showed that the highest prevalence rates of BA in the Ryazan region are characteristic of adolescents (2008.1 per 100 thousand population) compared to children (824.4 per 100 thousand population) (р = 0.0001). The morbidity of children under 14 with BA decreased by 27%, with increase among adolescents by 12%. The prevalence of BA among children and adolescents in the Ryazan region is higher than in the Russian Federation and lower than in the Central Federal District, and is significantly lower for children under 14.
CONCLUSION: The Ryazan region is characterized by a high prevalence of asthma. There is a significant underdiagnosis of asthma among the child population, in connection with this, further improvement of regional programs for the prevention and treatment of this pathology is necessary.
Surgical Treatment of an Open Comminuted Fracture of Distal Metaepiphyses of Lower Leg Bones: 3D Planning as a Way to Reduce Traumaticity of the Operation
Authors:   Russian University of Medicine, Koshkin Arsentiy B. ,   Moscow Multidisciplinary Clinical Center “Kommunarka” of the Moscow Department of Health, Parshikov Mikhail V. ,   Russian University of Medicine, Novikov Sergey V. ,   Moscow Multidisciplinary Clinical Center “Kommunarka” of the Moscow Department of Health, Prokhorov Andrey A. ,   Moscow Multidisciplinary Clinical Center “Kommunarka” of the Moscow Department of Health, Shantrukov Pavel A. ,   Moscow Multidisciplinary Clinical Center “Kommunarka” of the Moscow Department of Health, Novikov Anton S. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Belyayev Oleg A. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION: The article presents a clinical case of surgical treatment of a 74-year-old female patient with the diagnosis: Open comminuted intra-articular fracture of both left leg bones with displacement of fragments. The patient signed an informed consent to use her clinical case for scientific purposes. A peculiarity of the given clinical case was a necessity to perform the surgical operation on an elderly patient with severe concomitant diseases (postinfarction cardiosclerosis, cerebrovascular disease with vestibular ataxia, history of knee arthroplasty on the same side) with minimization of intra- and postoperative risk (reducing the operation time, the extent of injury, intraoperative blood loss, X-ray exposure while maintaining the reposition quality and stable fixation). For this, in preoperative planning, a 3D printed model of the fracture was used, based on the computed tomography data obtained with fixation in an external fixation apparatus. Use of a full-size 3D prototype permitted to select a surgical access taking into account location of key fragments, to select a fixator of a certain shape and size, gave the members of the operating team an opportunity to discuss reposition maneuvers and to tell the patient about the upcoming operation. The article contains a brief description of 3D model manufacture process and discusses the result of the operation and early postoperative results.
CONCLUSION: The introduction of 3D printing technology in modern traumatology helps to increase the safety and accuracy of surgical operations and reduce the operation time. Future efforts on routine application of this technology should be directed at reducing cost and increasing the availability of 3D printing.