bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimation method of Hurst exponent of fractional Brownian motion
Authors: Savitskii A. V.
Published: December 2019

The article contains fractional Brownian motion research, statistical estimations of Hurst exponent and their properties. This random process is used in model development, trend forecasting, in particular as special case of long-memory processes. The first recorded model with Hurst Exponent appeared in Harold Hursts research, published in 1951, that was dedicated to the analysis of the flow of Nil river. After that improved model of fractional Brownian motion was widely used in different financial market researches. Due to high relevance of such random processes, the problems of extrapolation of fractional Brownian motion and point estimation have become very important. This article is dedicated to the new approach of point estimation of Hurst Exponent.
Effects of crystallinity on sintering of metal nanoparticles
Authors: Samsonov V. M. , Talyzin I. V. , Vasilyev S. A. , Alymov M. I.
Published: December 2019

Regularities and mechanisms of coalescence of Au nanodroplets and sintering of solid Au nanoparticles have been investigated by using molecular dynamics and some theoretical models. It has been established that the characteristic time of coalescence t is proportional to radius r0 of initial nanodroplets. Both the above conclusion and some quantitative estimations of the proportionality coefficient between t and r0 agree with Frenkels theory (1946) though this theory was rut forward to describe coalescence of macroscopic droplets.
Textured materials with extreme wettability for water harvesting from aerosols
Authors: Emelyanenko K. A. , Melnikov S. N. , Proshin P. I. , Domantovsky A. G. , Emelyanenko A. M. , Boinovich L. B.
Published: December 2019

The creation of methods for complete and cost-effective collection of water droplets from an aerosol which arises as a by-product of the low-potential heat uptake from industrial devices, is one of the key tasks of rational use of water resources contributing to the improvement of the environment near large industrial enterprises. This paper shows how the application of materials with extreme wettability and a specific surface topography in spray separators can significantly increase the efficiency of water collection.
U-Pb dating, oxygen and hafnium isotopic ratios of zircon from rocks of oceanic core complexes at Mid-Atlantic Ridge: evidence for an interaction of young and ancient crusts at spreading of the ocean floor
Authors: Bortnikov N. S. , Silantiev S. А. , Bea F. , Montero P. , Zinger T. F. , Skolotnev S. G. , Sharkov E. V.
Published: December 2019

U-Pb age, oxygen and hafnium isotopic ratios in zircon from rocks of ocean core complexes at Mid-Atlantic Ridge have been studied using SHRIMP and MC-LA-ICP-MS techniques. U-Pb dating revealed four group of zircons: 1) 0,6-1,7 Ma, 2) 6,7-11,2 Ma, 3) 12,9-17,6 Ma, 4) 200 to 2044 Ma. The 18O values range from 4,74 to 7,2 and are distinct for zircon grains of different ages. Hafnium isotopic ratio for zircon aged from 0,6 to 17,6 Ma corresponds or is close to that of MORB from Central Atlantic. The oxygen and hafnium isotopic compositions of zircon elder than 280 Ma correspond to those of the sialic continental crust. A hypothesis of involvement of the ancient pre-Atlantic sialic (280 млн лет) and old Atlantic (7-17 Ma) crusts in a generation of the contemporary (young) oceanic crust during formation of the slow-spreading Mid-Atlantic Ridge has been proposed.
Selective contamination of basaltic magmas and buchite genesis (on the example of Shufan plateau, Primorye)
Authors: Maksimov S. O. , Sakhno V. G. , Ekimova N. A. , Chubarov V. M.
Published: December 2019

The article discusses the problem of large-scale contamination of the Shufan volcanic plateaus basalts (Primorye) by selective melts from xenoliths. Silicic and alkaline liquids, selectively extracted from xenoliths, mix in a limited way with basaltic melts forming bands of granophyre that give lavas a taxitic structure. The article describes the unique compositions of buchites that were chemically modified by the diffusion interaction with basaltic magma and selectively molten politic xenoliths. Their mineral associations are represented by a high ferriferous cordierite (sekaninaite), ultra-ferriferous hercynite, (Al, Zr) Fe-armalcolite, Zr-ilmenite, mullite, sillimanite, high-lanthanum monazite, and barium-phosphate-aluminosilicate phase. The chemical and mineral compositions of buchites reflect the accumulation of refractory elements (Al, Fe, Ti, Zr, Ni, Cr) in the restite material of xenoliths. It is followed by the formation of ultra-alumina, ultra-ferruginous, initially immiscible metal-silicate composition. Low Pb isotopic ratios in Shufan basalts suggest a selective contamination by an ancient cratonic basements material. A consecutive increase of the isotopic ratios is observed the basalts contaminated by the upper crustal material, which is also shown by buchites isotopic composition.
Protons of radiation belts as a source of hydrogen in the Earth’s atmosphere
Authors: Lapshin V. B. , Ivanov M. S. , Kotonaeva N. G. , Burov V. A. , Repin A. Yu.
Published: December 2019

A scenario is proposed for replenishing the Earths exosphere with atomic hydrogen of cosmic origin. An assessment was made and the coincidence of the total atomic hydrogen content in the exosphere with the number of protons (after thermolization converted into hydrogen ions) precipitated in the SAA zone during the year according to the data of the Meteor M and NOAA‑19 satellites was confirmed. The observed coincidence indicates that the rates of replenishment of hydrogen due to precipitation from radiation belts and dissipation into outer space coincide in order of magnitude. It is concluded that the exosphere hydrogen is mainly of cosmic origin and its main source is the thermalized protons of galactic cosmic rays, solar cosmic rays and partially solar wind.
Recombinant analogue of the human protein SLURP-1 inhibits the growth of multicellular carcinoma cell spheroids
Authors: Bychkov M. L. , Shulepko M. A. , Shlepova O. V. , Lyukmanova E. N. , Kirpichnikov M. P.
Published: December 2019

The present study showed that the recombinant analogue of SLURP‑1 effectively inhibits the growth of a 3D model of tumors - multicellular spheroids from human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells and human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. The combined application of SLURP‑1 with gefitinib (inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)) leads to the synergistic antiproliferative effect on spheroids from A431 cells. The results obtained suggest the possibility for design of first-in-class anticancer drugs based on recombinant SLURP‑1.
Low molecular weight compound GSB-106 mimics the cellular effects of BDNF after serum deprivation
Authors: Zainullina L. F. , Gudasheva T. A. , Vakhitova Yu. V. , Seredenin S. B.
Published: December 2019

The in vitro model of serum deprivation shows that the survival of SH-SY5Y neuronal cells is ensured by the intrinsic trophic activity of BDNF loop 4-th mimetic GSB‑106 (10-7 М), which is comparable to that of endogenous neurotrophin (10-9 М). The analysis of the cell cycle and S‑phase showed that GSB‑106, like BDNF, induces cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase, diminishes the number of cells in the S‑phase, reduces the number of apoptotic cells and does not stimulate proliferation.
Readiness of first-year students of Russian universities to study using massive open online courses
Authors: Astashova T.
Published: December 2019

The article discusses issues related to  the  possibility of  introducing mass open online courses (МООС) in  the  educational process of  first-year full-time students majoring in  technical directions. The  results of  the  analysis of  the  experience of  using MOOС in  the  educational process of  Russian universities with identified advantages and disadvantages are presented. MOOC-technology is  presented as  an  element of  connectivism theory. The  author conducted a  study with the purpose to study the readiness of students to learn using MOOCs. The results of the study allow to conclude that the modern first-year student has an insufficient level of motivation, independence, responsibility, self-discipline and self-control for the effective use of МООС in the educational process, but they are quite productive in mastering the material of the discipline in a combined form.
Identification of subject-spatial preferences of university students in the educational environment
Authors: Shentsova O.
Published: December 2019

The article is devoted to research in the field of design psychology, the influence of  the  subject-spatial  educational environment on  the  psychological state of  a  person. As  part of  the  study, a  survey of  students from Magnitogorsk State Technical University named after G.I. Nosov (MSTU named after G.I. Nosov) in order to identify spatial preferences, presents the results and their analysis. After analyzing the  world experience of  educational design of  universities, the  preferences of  consumers of  the  educational process of  various psychological types, we identified the basic principles of the subject-spatial organization of the educational environment of universities, which were applied in the design process of the internal spaces of  MSTU named after G.I.  Nosov. The  use of  these principles, in  our opinion, will lead to  the  fact that the  subject-spatial  educational environment will be  emotionally comfortable, functionally convenient and protected for all consumers of the educational process, as well as stimulate the internal forces and creative potential of the subjects of the educational process aimed at high learning outcome activities.
Visualization techniques and their applicability in arranging the work of modern scholar with educational information
Authors: Chelnokova T.
Published: December 2019

The article describes a variety of visualization techniques for educational material and substantiates their potential. Arguing the  value of  visualization techniques, the  author takes into account modern requirements for  education and gives her vision of  the  capabilities of  these techniques (including those that are elements of interactive learning technologies) in solving educational problems. The content of the article is based on a historical analysis of the theory and practice of visualizing the learning process with elements of a comparative analysis of its implementation in schools of our country. Actualizing her own experience and the experience of her colleagues, the  author gives her vision of  the  modern practice on  visualization of the students’ work with the educational information which is implemented with consideration of  the  education computerizing process, with priority of  the  team forms of  students’ work. The  author gives theoretical and methodological ideas that can be taken as the basis for the conceptual substantiation of the visualization of the learning process.
Design technologies in the formation of the pedagogical culture of a modern teacher of foreign languages
Authors: Bartosh D. , Starovoitova D.
Published: December 2019

In the article, pedagogical design is presented as an activity aimed at the formation of  the  pedagogical culture of  a  modern teacher of  foreign languages, including the  design culture, provided by  the  formation of  a  complex of  design skills: diagnostic skills, pedagogical goal-setting skills, reflective skills, constructive-meaningful and constructive-active skills. A  feature of  the  considered design technologies is  their innovative nature, which allows solving theoretical and practical pedagogical problems.
Проблеми взаємодії користувачів і цифрових ЗМІ у контексті проєктування інтерфейсів
Authors: Шашенко Сергій
Published: December 2019

У статті виокремлено, описано та проаналізовано форми взаємодії користувачів з цифровими медіа, які ускладнюють користування ними, з’ясовано причини їх виникнення. За основу дослідження узято результати розробки інтерфейсів цифрових медіа на основі досвіду користувачів.Теоретичне осмислення проблем комунікації користувачів з цифровими медіа допоможе зрозуміти причини виникнення цих проблем та дозволить уникнути їх у майбутньому.Інтерфейс цифрового медіа розглядається як основний компонент, що забезпечує комунікаційну взаємодію між ним і користувачем. Якісний інтерфейс розробляється відповідно до функцій медіа та потреб людей, які користуються ним. Здійснений огляд характеристик, що сприяють комунікаційній продуктивності та ефективно задовольняють потреби користувачів. Адже крім інформаційної цінності ефективний дизайн веб-ресурсу є запорукою його успіху.Виокремлено характеристики людиноорієнтованого дизайну інтерфейсів взаємодії з користувачем.Описано проблеми, що виникають при роботі з цифровими медіа. Наведено способи вирішення комунікативних труднощів засобами дизайну та проєктування.З’ясовано причини виникнення проблем комунікації користувачів з цифровим медіа. Більшість із них полягає у нерозумінні реальних потреб і бажань користувачів та прийняття невдалих (таких, що не відповідають потребам) конструкторських рішень на етапі розробки інтерфейсу.
Підручник, який навчає, виховує, формує
Authors: Фаріон Ірина
Published: December 2019

Сучасна постмодерністська епоха в системі освіти спрямована на зміну форми з вихолощеним змістом, що має своє неминуче відображення у створюваній навчальній літературі. Надто часто за якісними, на перший погляд, позлітками навчальних підручників криється як не переписування старих кліше, то претензія на педагогічне новаторство через повний розрив із традицією та почасти змістова упередженість або виразний ухил автора у бік монографічности. Новий підручник Миколи Тимошика «Основи редагування», що адресований передусім студентам спеціальностей «Журналістика» та «Філологія», — це праця, що показово виламується з означеної вище загальної тенденції.
CHANGES OF MORPHOFUNCTIONAL STATE OF THYROID GLAND IN HYPOTHYROID RATS IN CONDITIONS OF INFLUENCE LONG-TERM STRESS
Authors: Pobigun N.G.
Published: December 2019

Relevance. The chronic stress influences on increasing of frequency of thyroid pathology together with other factors (decreased iodine intake in food, harmful factors of external environment, high technogenic loading, depravation of general ecological state, violation of structure of nutrition). The changes of hypothalamus-hypophysis-thyroid gland axis at stress is not enough agreed because of influence stressful factors with different character and duration.

Objective is study of influence of chronic emotional painful stress (CS) on the changes of morphofunctional state of thyroid gland (TG) on the background of experimental hypothyroidism (EH).

Materials and methods. Experiments were performed on 48 white laboratory sex matured male rats. Animals were divided on four groups: the fist – intact animals; the second – animals with EH; the third – animals under influence of CS; the fourth – animals with EH under action of CS. The EH was modeled by everyday addition of mercazolilum (dose 10mg/kg) to drinking water during 15 days. The CS was modeled by 1 hour per day during 30 days. The functional activity of TG was estimated by the concentration of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxin (T4) in blood plasma and calculation of thyroid index (TI). The morphological state of TG was studied by light and electron microscopy. The statistical analysis of results was processed using Student’s test with Bonferroni-Holm correction in program Statistica 6.0. The differences were statistical significant at р<0,05.            

Results. The long-term influence of stress factors caused significant decreasing of level of thyroid hormones in blood plasma in comparison to intact animals. The data of light and electron microscopy of TG of rats under influence of CS confirm biochemical changes and detect signs of decreasing of secretory function. On the background of action of mercazolilum the long-term stress caused to more substantial changes of functional state of TG (significant increasing of level of TSH, decreasing of content of T4 and TI) in comparison to data of animals with EH. The structural features of TG of animals with EH under influence of CS indicate on suppression of function.

Conclusions. Decreasing of synthesis of hormones by TG in rats at conditions of CS was detected. The long-term action of stress on background of hypothyroidism causes to more substantial depravation of thyroid profile.
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ MOTIVATION IN CASE OF TEAM-BASED LEARNING METHOD
Authors: Khaitovych M.V. , Potaskalova V.S , Savelieva-Kulyk N.O. , Temirova O.A. , Sytnyk I.M.
Published: December 2019

Relevance. The learning motivation of student is the main goal of the teacher. Perspective is introducing of active forms of teaching.

Objective of the research was to specify the influence of method of team-based learning (TBL) on students’ motivation.

Materials and methods. The assessment of the method of TBL was provided among the students of 4th and 5th educational year of pharmaceutical faculty, students of 5th educational year of medical and stomatological faculties. For the purpose to specify the relation of students to TBL method, obtained by means of their anonymous questionnaire survey.

Results. Generally 68 (81,9 %) of all students (92,3 % students of medical faculty, 66,7 % students of stomatological faculty, 82,8 % students of pharmaceutical faculty) were defined that this method improve learning motivation, 9 students (10,8 %) disagree with this approach (7,7 % students of medical, 8,3 % of dentist and 10,3 % of pharmaceutical faculties), the other 6 students (7,2 %) undecided about the method. Moreover, 62,6 % of students defined TBL as better learning strategy, 54,2 % ‑ more effective in realization of educational goals, 74,70 % and 55,42 % of students pointed out that this method make it possible for better use of study time  and discuss more of educational material respectively, 68,67 % and  85,54 % ‑ stimulate the independent study and attention, 65,1 % of respondents consider this method have to use for introducing on practical classes.

Conclusion. The method of team-based learning have increased learning motivation due to assessment of 81,9 % students.
OSTEOARTHRITIS IN WOMEN: ARE THERE ANY DIFFERENCES? Review
Authors: Iaremenko O.B. , Koliadenko D.I.
Published: December 2019

Relevance. Female gender is known to be a major risk factor for osteoarthritis (OA). In addition, women with OA are characterized by some differences in the context of etiopathogenesis, clinical course and prognosis, and the question of clarifying the causes of these differences remains relevant.

Objective: to review the literature data on the epidemiological, etiopathogenic and clinical features of OA in women, as well as the peculiarities of treatment and prognosis based on gender.

Materials and methods. Analysis of scientific publications in the international electronic scientometric database PubMed using keywords "osteoarthritis", "women", "gender", "estrogens" over the period 1989-2019 years.

Results. The incidence of OA is on average almost twice as high among women compared with men. Smoking, alcohol and heavy exercise are significant risk factors of OA for men, while the role of genetic factors is more significant for women. High concentrations of estradiol in women are associated with a lower degree of cartilage destruction, less significant productive synovitis and a lower rate of total arthroplasty. Women with knee OA are characterized by significantly higher pain intensity during walking and knee extension. The strength of quadriceps femoris muscle is significantly lower in women than in men, regardless of the severity of OA. Women with OA are characterized by a higher concentration of C-reactive protein, which is associated with a larger number of painful joints. Women are more likely than men to take non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and use topical agents. The frequency of total arthroplasty among women is much higher, but early rehabilitation after it is relatively more favorable than in men.

Conclusions. Sex hormones, genetic factors, lower extremity muscle strength, anatomical and kinematic features of the knee joints play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of OA in women. Women with OA are characterized by more intense and diffuse character of pain, more significant functional impairments compared to men.
WITHDRAWN
Authors: Doe Jane
Published: December 2019

The document associated with this DOI has been withdrawn.
METHODOLOGICAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR VISUALIZING EDUCATIONAL INFORMATION
Authors: Derbak N. V.
Published: December 2019

The article presents recommendations on the visualization of educational information and its use in the educational process at informatics lessons. The recommendations will be useful to both current teachers in preparation for lessons, and students of pedagogical universities. The principles of visualization of educational information, visualization methods, as well as visualization software, including online services, are examined in detail. The tasks that are solved in the course of informatics when using visualization are outlined.
USING MATHCAD AND MS EXCEL TO SOLVE AN INDIVIDUAL TYPE OF CHEMISTRY PROBLEMS
Authors: Grachev V. V.
Published: December 2019

The article discusses the possibility of using software products the computer mathematics system Mathcad and the spreadsheet processor MS Excel in chemistry — to solve the problem of selecting coefficients in the equations of redox reactions after its mathematical formulation. The example of solving a specific problem by means of Mathcad and MS Excel is analyzed in detail.
Educación física como proyecto de innovación y transformación cultural
Authors: Carreiro-da-Costa Francisco
Published: December 2019

La alfabetización física es una capacidad humana fundamental,  indispensable para la forma en que los seres humanos crean y conducen sus vidas, y un factor esencial de calidad de vida, y que la infancia y la adolescencia son períodos críticos para una promoción efectiva de la alfabetización física. Así, se hará la defensa de que la Educación Física debe ser entendida como un proyecto de innovación y transformación cultural que tiene por finalidad formar un “ciudadano” físicamente alfabetizado (a physically literate person), consciente de sus derechos y deberes, dando oportunidad a todos los niños, niñas y adolescentes de adquirir los conocimientos y desarrollar las actitudes y competencias necesarias para una participación emancipada, satisfactoria y prolongada en la cultura del movimiento, en una sociedad democrática, a lo largo de toda la vida. Trataremos de aclarar qué se entiende por alfabetización física y describiremos el papel que la Educación Física debe desempeñar en el desarrollo de la alfabetización física, describiendo los tópicos a considerar por una metodología de enseñanza susceptible de promover la motivación, el conocimiento, la confianza y la competencia motora, es decir, los atributos necesarios para la práctica de la actividad física y del deporte a lo largo de la vida.
Papel de la escuela y los proyectos deportivos de centro en el fomento de la práctica de actividad física de los escolares
Authors: Mayor-Villalaín Alba , Cantero-Castrillo Pedro , Toja-Reboredo Belén , González-Valeiro Miguel Ángel
Published: December 2019

La legislación educativa en España establece la obligación de adoptar, en los centros educativos, medidas para que la actividad física y la dieta equilibrada formen parte de la población escolar, promoviendo la práctica diaria de actividad física durante la jornada escolar y siguiendo las recomendaciones de los organismos competentes. El profesor de Educación Física es el responsable del diseño, coordinación y supervisión de las medidas que a estos efectos se adopten en el centro educativo. Para ayudar a las instituciones educativas a cumplir con estos requerimientos, en algunas comunidades autónomas, como la gallega, se han creado programas de innovación educativa. Presentamos aquí un estudio descriptivo longitudinal realizado con centros educativos de la comunidad autónoma de Galicia, en el momento inicial de aplicación de dichos programas, denominados Proyectos Deportivos de Centro. Buscábamos realizar esta investigación a modo de diagnóstico para mejorarlos y crear estructuras que en el futuro respondan adecuadamente a la realidad de las escuelas, del profesorado, del alumnado y del entorno (perspectiva ecológica).
CHARACTERISTICS AND RISK FACTORS OF PATIENTS WITH NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA IN WEST NUSA TENGGARA HOSPITAL
Authors: Sulaksana Mochammad Alfian , Kadriyan Hamsu
Published: December 2019

Introduction

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the most common cancer in the head and neck. NPC is a malignancy of squamous cell on nasopharyngeal epithelial with the most common predilection site in rosenmuller fossa. Theetiology of this disease are multifactorial. A low oral hygiene on naso-oro-hypopharyngeal/laryngeal wall, Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) infection, smoking, alcohol consumption, genetic/hereditary factors, exposure to radiation, nutritional, deficiencies or decreased imune system are recognized as a risk factors. The study aim is to find out a characteristic of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma and their risk factors in the west Nusa Tenggara Hospital in September-October 2018.

Methods

The study design was descriptive–cross sectional. The research subjects were NPC patients who came to the West Nusa Tenggara Hospital ENT-HNS Clinic, in the period September-October 2018.

Results

There were 37 patients enroled to this study. According to this study, the most patients found in age group 46 to 55 years (35.1%), predominantly men (67.6%) with the men and women ratio 2.5: 1. Based on patients origin, they come from all districts in west Nusa Tenggara province, with the most districts found in West Lombok (29.7%). The most risk factors were food factors (food preservative 19.9%, food flavoring 19.9%, salted fish 15.6% carcinogenic (grilled food) 6.5%), and environmental factors (cigarettes 11.3%, smoke 4.8 % and 4.8% dust).

Conculsion

There were several risk factors found in this study, however, the most risk factor was food factors (61.9%) followed by environmental factors (20.9%).
SISTEM PERTANIAN TERPADU DI LAHAN PEKARANGAN MENDUKUNG KETAHANAN PANGAN BERKELANJUTAN DAN BERWAWASAN LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Rauf Abdul , Rahmawaty
Published: December 2019

Pembangunan sistem pertanian terpadu telah dilakukan di salah satu lahan pekarangan warga Desa Sei Semayang Kecamatan Sunggal Kabupaten Deli Serdang Sumatera Utara. Di lahan seluas ± 1022 m2 terdapat pohon hutan berupa kombinasi mahoni, dan jati (berumur 11 tahun), serta trembesi, damar, jelutung dan ketapang (berumur 3 tahun), di lahan selanya dipelihara ternak kambing, ikan (kolam tanah untuk ikan lele, nila, patin, dan gurami), unggas (itik dan ayam), serta sebagian lahan ditanami tanaman pertanian (sayuran terong, cabai, rimbang, ubi kayu, dan lain-lain) dengan sistem surjan dan pot yang secara intensif dilakukan sejak Januari 2012 hingga kini. Dari pohon hutan telah dipanen 3 batang pohon mahoni untuk pembuatan kusen pintu dan jendela. Dari kolam telah dipanen ikan lele dumbo dan dari 10 ekor ternak kambing telah berkembang menjadi 14 ekor dalam 1 tahun. Dari 15 ekor induk itik dan ayam dapat dipanen rata-rata 5 butir telur per hari. Dengan demikian, sistem ini telah memberi manfaat tambahan kesejahteraan ekonomi keluarga dan perbaikan ekologi (kesejukan dan peningkatan biodiversitas) di lahan pekarangan. Pengelola sistem pertanian terpadu ini adalah Komunitas Pemuda Peduli Lingkungan (KOPPLING) Pondok Miri Desa Sei Semayang.
PROFIL PERTANIAN TERPADU LAHAN PEKARANGAN DI KOTA PADANG: TINJAUAN BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN
Authors: Winardi
Published: December 2019

Pemanfaatan lahan pekarangan termasuk di Kota Padang relatif masih terbatas, sehingga pengembangan berbagai inovasi yang terkait dengan lahan pekarangan belum banyak berkembang. Untuk menentukan profil pertanian lahan pekarangan ditinjau dari aspek budidaya di Kota Padang maka selama bulan Januari 2013 telah dilakukan studi Pemahaman Pedesaan dalam Waktu Singkat (Rapid Rural Appraisal/RRA). Hasil studi menunjukan bahwa ibu rumah tangga yang melaksanakan usahatani lahan pekarangan terdiri dari berbagai golongan umur dan tingkat pendidikan. Di wilayah berpenduduk cukup padat latar belakang pekerjaan mereka adalah PNS, pegawai swasta dan buruh sedangkan di wilayah berpenduduk agak jarang adalah petani. Lahan pekarangan di wilayah berpenduduk cukup padat berkisar dari 20 m2 (sangat sempit) hingga 100 m2 (sedang). Selanjutnya pada wilayah berpenduduk agak jarang > 170 m2 (luas). Komoditas pertanian yang banyak dijumpai pada wilayah berpenduduk cukup padat antara lain: Cabe Merah, Cabe Rawit, Saledri, Keladi, Mangga, Jeruk Nipis, Jambu, Pepaya, Kunyit, Pandan, Ruku-ruku, dan ayam buras. Sedangkan di wilayah berpenduduk agak jarang dijumpai komoditas, seperti Ubi Kayu, Ubi Jalar, Talas, Rimbang, Cabe Merah, Cabe Rawit, Keladi, Mangga, Jeruk, Jambu Biji, Pepaya, Pisang, Kunyit, Sereh, Ruku-ruku, Kelapa, Pinang, Kakao dan ayam buras. Budidaya pada lahan pekarangan umumnya masih dilakukan secara tradisional sehingga hasilnya belum optimal.
THE QUANTIFYING OF BIOMASSA AT OIL PALM PLANTATION IN LANGKAT, NORTH SUMATERA
Authors: Muhdi
Published: December 2019

Quantifying oil palm plantation contribution to global carbon budgets is needed. Biomass variation of oilpalm plantation practices through allometric models that can be used to asses oil palm plantation. Theobjectives of this research were to find the biomass variation of oil palm plantation in Langkat, NorthSumatera. The research was done in two steps. Firstly, data collecting was at oil palm plantation. The secondstep was analyzed biomass in a laboratory. Measurement of parameters is done by 9 (nine) permanentsample plots (PCP) with line block method in 5 years, 10 years and 15 years. The size of the plots was 20 m x 20m (400 m2) that distance to another plot was 10 m x 10 m (100 m2) used random sampling. This researchfound that the models of biomass in oil palm plantation was W = 0.00597D1.000Hbp1.142.
ANALISIS KEBERHASILAN PROGRAM PERTANIAN TERPADU DI KECAMATAN PULAU SEBUKU, KABUPATEN KOTA BARU, PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Hermanawati Erni
Published: December 2019

Evaluation of agricultural programs is necessary to determine the level of success of an agriculturalprogram. The objective is to evaluate the research in the integrated farming program implemented infive villages in the District of Pulau Sebuku and to create a better and sustainable alternative model ofthe integrated farming application. The evaluation uses a multicriteria analysis method to make thecriteria and indicators of integrated farming principles. It can be concluded that not all of thecriteria can be accepted. Out of 10 criteria, one criterion namely environmental goals can beaccepted (with score ≥ 3) in the five villages. Two criteria namely the economic purpose and landmanagement can be accepted in four villages. The next two criteria namely social objectives andmarketing support can be accepted in two villages. Two other criteria, namely waste managementand climate/weather management can only be accepted by one village. Three criteria have notbeen acceptable to all villages, namely crop management, cattle management, and institutionalmanagement. The analysis indicates a lack of institutional function, knowledge, and technology inintegrated farming among community. Efforts to improve the program by establishing agriculturalinstitutions, human resource development as well as ease of access to saprodi and marketingfacilities. The involvement of all parties including the community, the government, the private sectorand NGOs is needed to achieve the expected success of integrated farming.
ENHANCING SOIL WATER HOLDING CAPACITY AND CATION EXCHANGE CAPACITY OF SANDY SOIL WITH APPLICATION OF MANURE ON SIMALINGKAR SOIL
Authors: Lumbanraja Parlindungan , Harahap Erwin Masrul
Published: December 2019

The research took place at the University of HKBP Nommensen, Faculty of Agriculture Research Greenhouse in Simalingkar, Medan, Indonesia. It hypothesized that the application of manure as a single factor could increase the soil water holding capacity and soil cation exchange capacity. Research designed with Complete Randomize Design, the treatment replicated by four times. Every parameter that affected significantly will be continued analyzed with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. For observation had made by measures of soil water holding capacity and soil cation exchange capacity. The concluding of the research can be explained that the effects of manure application on sandy soil after 30 days of incubation at the rate of application equal with 20 t/ha have significantly increased soil water holding capacity only at 72 hours after saturation. The Effects of manure application on sandy soil after 15 as well as 30 days of incubation at all rates of application have not significantly affected cation exchange capacity.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN MVA (MIKORIZA VESICULAR ARBUSKULAR) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN STUMP KARET KLON PB 260 (Hevea Brasiliensis Muell Arg.) DAN SERAPAN HARA PADA BERBAGAI KADAR AIR TANAH DI RUMAH KASA
Authors: Hanafiah Asmarlaili Sahar
Published: December 2019

Mikoriza arbuskular merupakan jamur akar yang dapat meningkatkan ketahanan bibit yang diinfeksinya lebih baik dibandingkan dengan yang tidak terinfeksi jika ditanam ke lapang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh pemberian MVA (Mikoriza VesicularArbuskular) terhadap pertumbuhan stump karet Klon PB 260 (Hevea brasiliensis MUELL Arg.) dan serapan hara pada berbagai kadar air tanah di rumah kasa. Penelitian dilakukan pada akhir Maret 2014 dan selesai pada pertengahan Agustus 2014. Isolat MVA yang digunakan adalah Acaulospora sp 1, Acaulospora sp 2 dari hasil penelitian HB 2013 dan Glomus sp yang berasal dari koleksi Laboratorium Biologi Tanah FPUSU. Penelitian ini dilakukan di rumah kasa FP USU, dengan menggunakan rancangan petak terpisah. Sebagai petak utama adalah kadar air (100, 80 dan 60% kapasitas lapang). Sebagai anak petak adalah perlakuan MVA sebanyak 100g inokulum/polibeg yang terdiri dari tanpa inokulasi dan diinokulasi dengan berbagai isolat MVA. Setiap kombinasi perlakuan diulang empat kali. Variabel yang diamati meliputi pertumbuhan tanaman (pertambahan diameter batang) yang diamati setiap minggu, bobot kering tanaman, serapan hara N dan P, derajat infeksi akar pada akhir percobaan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penurunan kadar air tanah menurunkan serapan unsur hara N dan P oleh tanaman. Pada kondisi kadar air tanah 80% kapasitas lapang diperoleh pertambahan diameter batang, serta serapan hara N, P tertinggi pada tanaman yang diinolulasi dengan Acaulospora Sp1. Pada kondisi kadar air tanah 60% kapasitas lapang, pertambahan diameter batang tertinggi diperoleh pada tanaman yang diinokulasi dengan Glomus sp.
ASSESSMENT OF COMMODITIES AREA GAMBIER (Uncaria gambir Roxb.) IN PAKPAK BHARAT SCALE 1 : 50.000
Authors: Sebayang Lukas
Published: December 2019

Gambier (Uncaria gambier Roxb.) is a cultivated plant regeneration in Pakpak Bharat. Gambir extract benefits as well as the pharmaceutical industry and traditional is quite interested so that market opportunities gambier quite open for the domestic market and abroad. Land potential and development opportunities gambir high enough, it is in the use of plantation area of 1,224 ha and optimization of dry land area of 16 049, 6 hectares (Pakpak Bharat in Figures, 2013). Gambier development in Pakpak Bharat tends to increase, so it is necessary to study the suitability of land to see the direction of the development of the appropriate location. This assessment was conducted by using ALES (Automated Land Evaluation System). SDPLE (Standard Procedure for Land Evaluation) data was imported to ALES program. Land evaluation result was show in spatial form. This form made by imported tabulation data to GIS (Geographical Information System) form. Suitability land maps (scale 1 : 250.000) present based on each commodities by ArcView program.
PEMANFAATAN LAHAN SUB-OPTIMAL UNTUK PENGUSAHAAN TANAMAN KARET: SUATU RANGKUMAN HASIL SURVEI DAN PENELITIAN
Authors: PA Nugroho
Published: December 2019

Some typologies of the sub-optimal area are known as the potential for rubber cultivation. Tidal and high elevation areas are the two potential for rubber cultivation. Rubber cultivation in these areas must be followed by the input of technology. In this paper, we summarize the results of the research and survey from the Indonesian Rubber Research Institute in order to support the utilization of the sub-optimal area for rubber cultivation. Water management, modification of planting material and modification in planting manner are needed for rubber cultivation in the tidal area while rubber development in an area with high elevation; the selection of appropriate rubber clones and soil conservation techniques are required.
GROWTH ANALYSIS OF SOYBEAN UNDER DRY LAND WITH APPLICATION OF Bradyrhizobium japonicum INDUCED BY GENISTEIN AND ORGANIC FERTILIZER
Authors: Hasa Yaya
Published: December 2019

This study aimed to get the information of soybean growth response on inoculation of B. japonicum induced genistein under dry land. The experiment was conducted in farmer fields at Desa Sambirejo, Langkat on June-September 2012. The study used a factorial randomized block design with two factors and three replications. The first factor is genistein induction treatment consisting of without and genistein (50 μM). The second factor is the treatment of B. japonicum and organic fertilizer consisted of without B. japonicum; B. japonicum; B. japonicum + manure 10 t/ha; B. japonicum straw compost + 10 t/ha; B. japonicum + manure 5 t/ha + straw compost 5 t /ha. The variables observed are plant growth rate, plant growth relative and net assimilation rate. The results showed that the treatment of genistein (50 μM) decreased the plant growth rate 5-6 WAP, plant growth relative 5-6 WAP and net assimilation rate. Treatment of B. japonicum + manure 5 t/ ha + straw compost 5 t/ ha tent to increase plant growth rate, plant growth relative and net assimilation rate. The interaction between genistein induction and treatment B. japonicum + organic fertilizer tended to decrease plant growth rate, plant growth relative and net assimilation rate.
OPTIMALISASI PRODUKSI JAGUNG MANIS DENGAN PEMBERIAN PUPUK BERIMBANG ORGANIK DAN ANORGANIK
Authors: Asbur Yenni , Purwaningrum Yayuk
Published: December 2019

Produktivitas jagung manis saat ini belum mencapai hasil optimal, sehingga dibperlukan upaya untuk meningkatkannya, salah satunya melalui pemupukan berimbang organik dan anorganik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemupukan berimbang organik dan anorganik yang tepat untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi jagung manis. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kebun percobaan Balai Benih Induk Kabupaten Deli Serdang, Sumatera Utara menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) satu Faktor dengan tiga ulangan. Pemupukan berimbang organik dan anorganik yang diberikan terdiri dari 9 taraf, yaitu :100 kg/ha NPK + 5 t/ha pupuk kandang sapi diberikan pada saat tanam, 100 kg/ha NPK + 10 t/ha pupuk kandang sapi diberikan pada satu minggu sebelum tanam, 100 kg/ha NPK + 15 t/ha pupuk kandang sapi diberikan pada pada dua minggu sebelum tanam, 200 kg/ha NPK + 5 t/ha pupuk kandang sapi diberikan pada saat tanam, 200 kg/ha NPK + 10 t/ha pupuk kandang sapi diberikan satu minggu sebelum tanam, 200 kg/ha NPK + 15 t/ha pupuk kandang sapi diberikan pada dua minggu sebelum tanam, 300 kg/ha NPK + 5 t/ha pupuk kandang sapi diberikan pada saat tanam, 300 kg/ha NPK + 10 t/ha pupuk kandang sapi diberikan satu minggu sebelum tanam, dan 300 kg NPK + 15 t/ha pupuk kandang sapi diberikan pada dua minggu sebelum tanam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk berimbang organik dan anorganik dengan dosis 200 kg/ha NPK + 10 t/ha pupuk kandang sapi yang diberikan satu minggu sebelum tanaman mampu menghasilkan berat tongkol dan panjang tongkol tertinggi dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya. Berdasarkan pemetaan dua dimensi, produksi jagung manis yang meliputi berat tongkol, diameter tongkol dan panjang tongkol dipengaruhi oleh jumlah daun dibandingkan tinggi tanaman.
OIL PALM DEVELOPMENT ON THE TIDAL SWAMP LAND (CASE STUDY RAWAPITU REVITALIZATION PROGRAM KABUPATEN TULANG BAWANG, LAMPUNG)
Authors: Sumaryanto  , Santoso Heri , Hidayat Fandi
Published: December 2019

Indonesia has around 20.11 million hectares of tidal swamp land area and about 2.07 million hectare is tidal swamp potential. The results of the inventory report BPTP Lampung in 2012 revealed that the area of swamp land in Lampung Province 108 thousand ha consisting of 56 thousand ha of tidal swamp and 52 thousand ha of lowland swamp.The main issues management of tidal swamp land is the water level always changing and the sulfidic or pyrite layer. Application water system design are good enough to prevent it. The rain distribution on Rawapitu about 39-531 mm during 2013-2014 and there were 2-3 month dry season. The fluctuation of water level on piezometer showed that the areal flooded on December 2013 and April 2014. It has affected the oil palm growth although increasing the number of frond, rachis length, and leaf area indeks.
RESPON PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI ROSELLA (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) PADA TANAH SALIN DENGAN PEMBERIAN ASAM SALISILAT DAN GIBERELLIN (GA3)
Authors: Novita Aisar , Siregar Luthfi A.M. , Rosmayati
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi respon pertumbuhan dan produksi rosella (hibiscus sabdariffa L.) pada tanah salin dengan pemberian asam salisilat dan giberellin (GA3). Penelitian ini dilakukan di rumah kaca, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, pada Februari 2014 sampai Juni 2014. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 (tiga) factor dan 3 (tiga) ulangan. Faktor pertama giberellin (GA3) dengan dua taraf yaitu 0 mg L-1, 5 mg L-1. Faktor kedua asam salisilat dengan tiga taraf yaitu 0 mM, 0,5mM, 1 mM. Faktor ketiga tingkat salinitas dengan 2 taraf yaitu 0 dsm-1 dan 4-5 dsm-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi antara giberellin dan cekaman salinitas memperlihatkan pengaruh nyata pada peubah pertumbuhan seperti persentase perkecambahan, tebal kutikula dan betakaroten. Interaksi antara perlakuan asam salisilat dan cekaman salinitas memperlihatkan pengaruh nyata pada tebal kutikula dan betakaroten. Interaksi tiga factor perlakuan giberellin, asam salisilat dan cekaman salinitas menunjukkan pengaruh yang nyata pada peubah tebal kutikula dan betakaroten.
OPTIMALISASI PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT DI TANAH SPODOSOL
Authors: Syarovy Muhdan , Ginting Eko Noviandi , Wiratmoko Dimas , Santoso Heri
Published: December 2019

Semakin terbatasnya lahan yang optimal, membuat pengembangan kelapa sawit saat ini diarahkan ke lahan marginal. Lahan dengan jenis tanah spodosol merupakan salah satu lahan marginal yang telah dimanfaatkan untuk pengembangan kelapa sawit. Selain memiliki lapisan spodik, faktor pembatas lain dari tanah spodosol ialah memiliki tekstur kasar (terbentuk dari bahan pasir atau pasir berlempung) dengan iklim dingin dan tropika basah serta bersifat masam. Akibatnya, tanah tersebut memiliki kemampuan yang rendah dalam menahan air dan pencucian hara akan menjadi lebih tinggi. Pengolahan yang tepat sangat diperlukan agar kelapa sawit yang ditanam pada tanah spodosol dapat tumbuh dengan optimal. Beberapa cara yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan mengidentifikasi tanah spodosol dan tingkat kedalaman lapisan spodik, memperbaiki media pertumbuhan tanaman, memperbaiki iklim mikro dan pemupukan yang tepat.
PERAN KOMPOS TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT DAN PUPUK ANORGANIK DALAM MENINGKATKAN SERAPAN HARA N, P, K DAN PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN KENAF (Hibiscus cannabinus L.)
Authors: Batubara Redina Marlina , Elfiati Deni , Akoeb Erwin Nyak
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran kompos tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) dan pupukanorganik dalam meningkatkan serapan hara N, P, K dan Pertumbuhan tanaman kenaf. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Martebing Kecamatan Dolok Masihul Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai Provinsi SumateraUtara pada bulan April-Agustus 2015 menggunakan Rancangan Faktorial dalam Rancangan AcakKelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah dosis kompos TKKS (O) dengan empat taraf, yaitu0, 10, 20, dan 30 ton ha-1 dan faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk anorganik (A) dengan empat taraf, yaitu 0,200, 400, 600 kg ha-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi kedua perlakuan berpengaruh nyatapada peubah pengamatan tinggi tanaman dan diameter batang namun berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadapbiomassa. Pemberian kompos TKKS dan pupuk anorganik dan juga peningkatan dosisnya meningkatkanserapan N, P dan K daun. Serapan unsur hara N, P, dan K daun tertinggi berturut-turut adalah 1,65; 0,064;dan 0,31 g/tanaman pada perlakuan kompos TKKS 30 ton ha-1 dan pupuk anorganik 600 kg ha-1.
PEMADATAN TANAH AKIBAT PENYARADAN KAYU DENGAN TRAKTOR CATTERPILLAR D7G DI AREAL HUTAN PRODUKSI PT INHUTANI II, KALIMANTAN UTARA
Authors: Muhdi
Published: December 2019

This research was aimed to study the soil compaction caused by tractor skidding of Caterpillar D7G) in forest concession area of PT Inhutani II, North Kalimantan. The research showed that the bulk density at conventional timber harvesting after skidding of deepness 0-5 cm, 10-15 cm and 25-30 cm was 1.248 g/cm3; 1.253 g/cm3 and 1.225 g/cm3 respectively. The bulk density at reduced impact logging after skidding of deepness 0-5 cm, 10-15 cm and 25-30 cm was 1.090 g/cm3; 1.084 g/cm3 and 1.038 g/cm3 (respectively. This research indicated that the bulk density at RIL was lower than conventional timber harvesting.
TEKNIK MULSA VERTIKAL PADA BUDIDAYA TEBU (Saccharum officinarum.L) RATOON SATU
Authors: Marbun Abusari , Rauf Abdul , Hanum Hanum
Published: December 2019

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum.L) is the main material in sugar industry. An effort to improve the quality of dry land for sugarcane cultivation is important. One of the effort than can be done is the additional of organic metter to the soil. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of vertical mulching techniques for soil organic matter content and soil chemistry fertility and its relationship with the vegetative growth of the ratoon sugarcane. This research was conducted at Agricultural High School Practice (STPP) Medan-Binjai KM.10 districts Sunggal Deli Serdang, North Sumatra, from May -December 2013. This study was conducted using a randomized block design non factorial with four treatments, were: horizontal mulch (M1), vertical mulch (M2), vertical mulch with Trichoderma sp. (M3), Vertical mulch mixed with cow manure (M4). The result from the research showed, that vertical mulch mixture with manure can increase the level of C-organic, N-content, and the lower of Ratio C/ N . Vertical mulching treatment mix with manure, increasing the shoot length of sugarcane 21.9%, the number of plants per clump 6.8%, the number of plants per meter 50%, wet weight 68.28% and dry weight 41.9%, compared with horizontal mulch