bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Algorithm and Tool Development for Creative Generation of Graphic Design of Folk Houses and Ancient Buildings Integrating Cultural and Creative Elements
Authors: Chen Caixia
Published: October 2024

This study presents an innovative approach called CNN-GA for graphic design for folk houses and ancient buildings, which integrates Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) with Genetic Algorithms (GA) to foster the creation of culturally rich and aesthetically appealing graphic designs in architecture. Our research focuses on capturing the essence of folk houses and ancient buildings, deeply rooted in cultural heritage, and reimagining them through a modern computational lens. The CNN component of our model is trained on a diverse array of architectural imagery, enabling it to effectively recognize and categorize key elements such as motifs, textures, and structural forms inherent to various architectural styles. This neural network acts as an intelligent extractor of cultural and aesthetic features, providing a nuanced understanding of traditional architectural elements. The extracted features are then input into a GA, which embarks on an evolutionary process of design generation. This process iteratively combines and refines the architectural elements, fostering a creative exploration of design possibilities that maintain cultural integrity while introducing innovative interpretations. The synergy of CNN and GA in our CNN-GA framework allows for an automated yet insightful design process, yielding graphic designs that are not only architecturally sound but also resonate with the rich cultural narratives of folk houses and ancient buildings. This research holds significant potential in revolutionizing architectural graphic design, offering a novel tool for architects and designers to merge traditional aesthetics with contemporary design paradigms.
Han Dynasty Portrait Image Feature Extraction and Cloud Computing-supported Symbolic Interpretation: A New Approach to Cultural Heritage Digitalization
Authors: Wu Juan
Published: October 2024

The study introduces the Cloud Computing-based Cultural Heritage Digitization (CCBCHD) framework, a groundbreaking approach that utilizes advanced convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and transfer learning techniques for digitizing and analyzing Han Dynasty portraits. This innovative method addresses the challenges associated with extracting features and symbolically interpreting these culturally significant artworks. CNNs play a crucial role in the CCBCHD system, enabling the efficient extraction of complex features and patterns inherent in the Han Dynasty portraits. These features are essential for understanding the historical and cultural context of the artworks. The integration of transfer learning is another pivotal aspect of this framework. It allows the model to leverage pre-existing knowledge from extensive image datasets, thereby enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of the system in recognizing and interpreting the unique characteristics of these portraits. Moreover, the incorporation of cloud computing within the CCBCHD framework provides scalable computational resources. This scalability is vital for handling extensive data processing and enables real-time analysis, a critical factor in the digitization process. The synergy of deep learning with cloud computing not only ensures precise feature extraction and interpretation but also plays a significant role in preserving and making cultural heritage accessible in the digital domain. This accessibility is particularly important for artworks like the Han Dynasty portraits, which hold immense historical and cultural value. In essence, the CCBCHD framework represents a significant advancement in the field of digital preservation of cultural artifacts. It offers a solution that is not only scalable and efficient but also intelligent, ensuring that the rich legacy of cultural heritage can be preserved and appreciated in the digital era. By adopting such technologies, the study underscores the potential of AI and cloud computing in transforming the ways we preserve, study, and interact with cultural heritage, opening new avenues for exploration and understanding in the realm of art history and conservation.
Design of a Simulation and Evaluation System for Athlete Technical and Tactical Training Based on Virtual Reality Technology
Authors: Chang Zhiliang
Published: October 2024

In order to avoid the influence of external environmental factors on athletes’ physical fitness and technical tactics, the author proposes the design and research of an integrated simulation training system for athletes’ physical fitness and technical tactics based on virtual reality. The hardware unit of the design system includes a 3D scanner module, VR glasses module, locator module, tracker module, and wireless transceiver device. The software module introduces virtual reality technology and designs a visual simulation module, trained object detection module, trained object tracking module, and overall control module. The simulation experiment results show that compared with existing systems, the training scene output clarity and frame rate of the designed system are better, and the thread switching time and signal mixing time are shorter, which fully proves that the designed system has higher operating efficiency and better application performance.
Implementing a Secure Cloud-Based System to Safeguard Sensitive Medical Data for Healthcare
Authors: Abdul Khaleq Zghair Noor , Al-Sadi Ameer Mosa , Taresh Ali Abdul Razzaq
Published: October 2024

In most developed countries, the medical healthcare system is experiencing rapid development from the stage of clinical information to the stage of information dissemination. In all of these countries, it is undeniable that the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) technologies have contributed in order to develop information medical healthcare. In reality, the development of smart medical healthcare has been hindered by the protection of medical privacy, according to research and acceptance. This is especially true as telecommunications systems continue to expand and wireless sensor networks (WSN) develop, as well as ways to penetrate those checks that have become increasingly difficult. In the smart healthcare system, protecting users’ information remains an outstanding issue. IoMT features and the protection of privacy and security have led to the development of an extended privacy homomorphism algorithm based on scrambling matrixes, an encryption algorithm enhanced by Modified RSA (mRSA), and a method of encrypted data compression that ensures data confidentiality. For the above purpose, we built a prototype system on a demo temporary domain using both hardware and software. According to the results, the proposed scheme protects E-healthcare from potential threats by providing stakeholders with a secure interface and preventing unauthorized users from accessing the mCloud, thus ensuring privacy. E-healthcare services based on cloud technology are protected by the proposed scheme because it is simple and robust.
The Existence and Development of Variants in English Writing Teaching in International Corpus based on Time Series Data Analysis
Authors: Li Dongfang
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the evolution and prevalence of variant forms in English writing instruction within an international context, utilizing a time series analysis of corpus data. Recognizing the dynamic nature of language, especially in educational settings, this research aims to identify and analyze the changes in teaching methodologies and language usage over time. By examining a comprehensive corpus compiled from diverse international sources, the study focuses on how English writing instruction has adapted to linguistic variations and evolving pedagogical approaches.The methodology involves a quantitative analysis of corpus data spanning several decades, enabling a longitudinal view of trends in English writing teaching. The corpus includes a wide range of educational materials, academic publications, and teaching resources from different countries, ensuring a global perspective. Time series analysis is employed to track the frequency and context of various teaching practices and linguistic forms, offering insights into their development and dissemination.Key findings reveal a significant shift in teaching strategies, reflecting an increased emphasis on learner-centered approaches and the integration of digital technologies. Variants in language usage, influenced by cultural and regional differences, are also evident, highlighting the importance of context-specific teaching methods.
Predictive Analysis of Breast Cancer from Full-Field Digital Mammography Images using Residual Network
Authors: Kim Tai-Hoon , Kim Si-Yeong
Published: October 2024

Breast cancer has been a significant contributor to cancer-related mortality, but advancements in early detection through regular mammography and improvements in treatment modalities have contributed to declining mortality rates in several regions. This study presents a novel approach to cancer diagnosis utilizing Full-Field Digital Mammography images through predictive analysis methods. By using predictive analytic techniques and mammography images, this study offers a novel way to cancer detection. The research involves the application of deep learning techniques to extract valuable insights from cancer images captured by mammography devices. The CBIS-DDSM (Curated Breast Imaging Subset of Digital Database for Screening Mammography) dataset including images from patients with varying types and stages of cancer, is collected and pre-processed to ensure uniformity and quality. Relevant features, including color, texture, and shape characteristics, are extracted, and a rigorous feature selection process is employed to identify discriminative markers. The Residual Network (ResNet) model is selected and trained on the dataset, with a focus on classification accuracy and robust predictive performance. Validation metrics, such as accuracy, IoU (Intersection over Union) score, dice score, and ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curve are employed to evaluate the model’s efficiency. After analysis, the proposed method had the best degree of mass lesion detection accuracy, at 99.24%. This research contributes to the advancement of non-invasive and efficient diagnostic tools, potentially enhancing early detection and intervention in cancer patients. The proposed method not only demonstrates promising results in terms of diagnostic accuracy but also emphasizes interpretability, seamless integration into clinical workflows, and adherence to ethical standards.
PE Gas Pipeline Defect Detection Algorithm based on Improved YOLO v5
Authors: Fu Qiankun , Li Qiang , Ran Wenshen , Wang Yang , Lin Nan , Lan Huiqing
Published: October 2024

In order to improve defects detection efficiency in polyethylene (PE) gas pipelines and decrease leakage or other pipelines abnormalities in operation, this research proposed an improved YOLO(You Only Look Once) v5 detection model. First, the collected pipeline defect images were processed in grey scale, which improved the computational efficiency of the computer; then, Gamma transform and double filtering algorithms were applied respectively for image enhancement and noise reduction filtering of defects, which enhanced image quality and reduced image noise. Finally, the improved Sobel algorithm was applied to detect defective image edges and the defects in the image were segmented by adaptive threshold segmentation method to obtain binary images. The obtained binary images were employed to train the improved YOLO v5 detection model. The obtained experimental results showed that, compared with the original algorithm, the improved detection algorithm had better detection efficiency and higher robustness as well as higher recognition for common defects,improved YOLOv5 mAP and recall were 97.18% and 98.03%, respectively, the mAP has increased by 1.33% and the recall has increased by 3.83%,which can achieve the detection and identification of defect types of effects in PE gas pipes.
La posibilidad de un discurso narrativo para una Teoría de la arquitectura como hermenéutica.
Authors: Moreno Pérez José Ramón
Published: October 2024

En un contexto donde teoría, hermenéutica y arquitectura se entretejen, emerge una visión crítica sobre el habitar humano y la producción arquitectónica contemporánea. Este texto reflexiona sobre cómo la arquitectura y la literatura han desrealizado el mundo, creando narrativas y espacios que desafían lo establecido. A través de la obra de Tafuri, se explora la relación entre arquitectura y modos de vida, donde la creación arquitectónica se convierte en un dispositivo para sistematizar comportamientos humanos según los intereses del capital. Esta intermediación arquitectónica, marcada por la polaridad entre diversidad y unificación, plantea una aporía sobre cómo integrar lo múltiple en un todo cohesionado. La arquitectura contemporánea, al haber trascendido su función de representación cultural, se enfrenta ahora a la tarea de crear espacios de compensación, simulacros que evocan atmósferas sensoriales y nostálgicas. En este sentido, la metáfora del ojo frente a la hoja sugiere un cambio de perspectiva: de la percepción visual dominante a una inmersión sensorial que refleja la complejidad del medio contemporáneo. Así, la arquitectura no solo configura espacios, sino que participa en la redefinición de la habitabilidad en un mundo en constante cambio. En la obra de arquitectos como Siza, se percibe un intento de reconciliar pasado y presente, ofreciendo refugios que permiten una experiencia de habitar distinta. Finalmente, se plantea que la arquitectura debe adaptarse a una comprensión más amplia del medio, promoviendo una coexistencia permeable y dialógica que responda a las múltiples dimensiones de la existencia contemporánea.
La interpretación de obras de arquitectura contemporánea como base del aprendizaje y la investigación en Arquitectura. Aplicación al caso del BLOX de OMA.
Authors: Guerra de Hoyos Carmen , Rodrigues de Oliveira Silvana , Fernández de Trucios Sara , De Jorge Crespo Zacarías , Cabezas García Gracia Mª , Alarcón González Luisa
Published: October 2024

Esta propuesta de hermenéutica arquitectónica se formula por un grupo de investigadores de distintas áreas de conocimiento. Nuestro objetivo es enriquecer la investigación y la docencia de la Arquitectura, enfocándonos en la producción de los últimos 30 años en un contexto internacional. Se trata de un modo de trabajo colectivo y transversal que permite, profundizando en casos concretos, encontrar modos de hacer que permitan entender iterativamente sectores crecientes, de arquitectura reciente y de arquitectura precedente. Nuestro grupo evoluciona enfocándonos en objetivos a medio plazo que nos permitirán mejorar nuestra interacción docente e investigadora. Exponemos uno de los casos, una obra del estudio OMA, el BLOX (Copenhague, 2006-2018). En este ejemplo se pone de manifiesto la utilidad de la metodología escogida para desvelar aspectos del edificio que no aparecen en las reseñas bibliográficas disponibles hasta la fecha. Las fases propuestas en la interpretación —descripción, genealogía-teratología, y significado— se han visto enriquecidas por las aportaciones transversales de los componentes del grupo. Así se han identificado cuestiones subyacentes en la obra que articulan tanto el entretejido de funciones, como la descomposición volumétrica del edificio. Estas claves están también presentes en muchos edificios contemporáneos construidos con volúmenes complejos que desafían la estática tradicional de la Arquitectura. El estudio del BLOX nos facilita el conocimiento sobre cómo esta técnica tiene resultados formales muy diversos y abre la comprensión de la producción arquitectónica contemporánea, a medida que se complementa con el estudio sucesivo de más obras.
Trayectos en la teoría contemporánea de la arquitectura en Latinoamérica.
Authors: Ramírez Nieto Jorge Vicente
Published: October 2024

La teoría de la arquitectura hoy en día se redefine sobre la base de los problemas contemporáneos del mundo. La delimitación de la autonomía disciplinar, las respuestas a los desequilibrios climáticos, la interacción en ejercicios de orden social comunitario, la participación sin discriminación de género, edad o etnia, la acción de grupos colectivos interdisciplinarios y multigeneracionales, la inmersión en entornos digitales, están planteando desafíos en torno a la formulación actual de la teoría arquitectónica. En los escenarios de la discusión intelectual latinoamericana actual, surgen preguntas: ¿cómo se consideran las propuestas y avances de la teoría de la arquitectura en el continente? ¿Es posible establecer pautas o tendencias teóricas características? ¿Quiénes son los teóricos, las escuelas o los grupos identificables? ¿Cuáles son los centros de pensamiento donde se formulan las teorías? La noción de arquitectura, en lo transcurrido del siglo XXI, se ha desplazado desde el ámbito cerrado, canónico, de la autonomía disciplinar, dilatando su campo de acción, sus escalas, sobre ambientes, geografías, territorios, paisajes, comunidades. La hermenéutica, como método de interpretación de signos, ha brindado alternativas que se adecúan a las particularidades, permanencias y cambios de la arquitectura y de su entorno teórico. La significación de la arquitectura local para comunidades y territorios puede ser interpretada desde una hermenéutica localizada. Más que aplicar la hermenéutica general, en la indagación de la teoría de la arquitectura latinoamericana, es posible plantear una manera localizada y focalizada para agudizar la interpretación del ethos continental destacando particularidades y sensibilidades de ambientes y comunidades locales.
(Dossier Colin Rowe) Cervantes, Rowe, Venturi&Scott Brown; manieras....
Authors: López-Canti José
Published: October 2024

El artículo aborda la !gura intelectual del angloestadounidense Colin Rowe, de una forma fragmentada, incidiendo en algunos aspectos que han marcado hitos en la historiografía y la interpretación arquitectónica del siglo XX. Se establece una re#exión sobre la presencia de Rowe en la actualidad, entre las generaciones de estudiantes que cursan arquitectura para seguidamente establecer algunas cuestiones consideradas de relevancia. La innovación en los mecanismos interpretativos de este autor, muy avanzados, que permiten una comprensión muy signi!cativa en tiempos posteriores, tales como los conceptos de transparencia literal, transparencia fenomenal, son analizados como in#uencias en el curso del tiempo, apertura de nuevas posibilidades. El espacio geográ!co y cultural de Italia, es otra de las fuentes en la obra de Rowe sobre la que se re#exiona en una perspectiva que introduce la imagología como un estadio previo de los mecanismos con los que diferentes culturas son visualizadas, interpretadas y recibidas. Una centralidad que no debía evitarse, es el concepto del aprovechamiento del manierismo como una metáfora que se traslada a lo contemporáneo, para de un modo perspicaz alumbrar comparaciones e interpretaciones arquitectónicas que resultan muy novedosas en su momento y alumbran su propio futuro. Una especulación comparada entre Rowe y Venturi, con la interpretación de algunas obras de éste último, nos sitúa en la continuidad y recuperación actual que el manierismo como heterodoxia puede aportar en el abordaje presente de la arquitectura. Finalmente, contextualizar a Rowe en el ámbito español, era necesario por enriquecer las teselas del mosaico de sus geografías transitadas.
(Dossier Colin Rowe) Influencias sin notas al pie: Sibyl Moholy-Nagy & Colin Rowe.
Authors: Urbistondo Alonso Ignacio
Published: October 2024

Colin Rowe es considerado como uno de los pensadores más relevantes en el campo arquitectónico desde la década de los 60. Su complejo andamiaje teórico muestra a una persona capaz de reconciliar críticamente gran variedad de las corrientes y discursos de su época, de ahí la riqueza y complejidad de sus textos. En el caso de Collage City, su propuesta se enmarca en un periodo crítico en relación a las doctrinas urbanas resultantes del pensamiento adscrito a la arquitectura moderna. La publicación se deriva del trabajo realizado en el Urban Design Program, dirigido por Rowe, en la Universidad de Cornell a partir de 1965. La teoría perceptiva de la Gestalt, la crítica estructuralista de Claude Levi-Strauss, la utopía política de Judith Shklaar o el método antihistoricista de Karl Popper, se puede rastrear de manera más o menos directa entre sus fuentes. Recientemente, la publicación de the letter of Colin Rowe: !ve decades o correpondence (2016), editada por Daniel Naegele, nos permite adentrarnos en la intrahistoria más privada del profesor. Entre toda esta correspondencia infraestructural, una mención en particular abre un nuevo camino de interpretación de la obra. Matrix of Man (1968) un libro dedicado a la historia urbana, escrito por la historiadora Sibyl Moholy-Nagy, parece haber sido uno de los libros guía que Rowe consultaba durante el proceso editorial de Collage City. Sin embargo, no existe ninguna mención de esta publicación en la obra de Fred Koetter y Colin Rowe. Este artículo intentará analizar hasta qué punto el libro de Sibyl Moholy-Nagy pudo in!uir en Colin Rowe, proponiendo nuevas aristas de interpretación de Collage City.
Environmental Racism in Colonial Continuity: Extractivism, Socioecological Crisis and the Mapuche Struggle in Southern Chile
Authors: Landherr Anna , Alister Christian , Graf Jakob , Julian Dasten , Sittel Johanna
Published: October 2024

In recent decades, extractivist industries in Chile have expanded significantly. One of these activities is industrial forestry, which is oriented towards the export of large quantities of pulp and is now one of the country’s most important economic sectors. However, its extremely extensive monocultures of pine and eucalyptus plantations in the central south of Chile are associated with widespread social exclusion and ecological destruction. But forestry is not the only source of conflict. In recent decades, Indigenous territory has been revalued for its potential to produce non-conventional renewable energies, which has meant the deployment of numerous hydroelectric, wind and photovoltaic projects that have opened up a new field of conflict. This is especially true in the former territory of the indigenous Mapuche. Their mode of production and living is particularly affected by the destruction of the ecosystems by forest plantations and energy projects. Our contribution shows, first, that especially in the context of progressive climate change, these industrial activities in the central south of Chile lead to considerable ecological destruction and social exclusion. Second, we demonstrate how this primarily affects the indigenous Mapuche and, third, how this can be understood as “environmental racism in colonial continuity”. Finally, our contribution will deal with the question of how the situation in Chile is currently being managed politically and how this is to be assessed.
“Let Us Stop the Crazy Deal”: Environmentalism and the Green Deal in the Discourse of the Czech Populist Right-Wing and Far-Right Parties
Authors: Tarant Zbyněk
Published: October 2024

The chapter analyzes how right-wing populist (SPD, Trikolora) and far-right milieus (neo-Nazis, neo-Fascists) discuss the environment, global climate change, sustainability, and the Green Deal. Primary sources, namely online content produced by the movements themselves are used to uncover the difference between localist environmentalism at the national level and the refusal to acknowledge the global, transnational threats to sustainable living.This will be documented by analyzing their reactions to global climate change policies and the Green New Deal. The chapter also touches on the conspiracy narratives within the far-right in response to international sustainability initiatives, like the Green New Deal.
Full of sound and fury
Authors: Luo Tianyi D. , Kayani Babar , Magan Ahmed , Haddad Fares S.
Published: October 2024

The subject of noise in the operating theatre was recognized as early as 1972 and has been compared to noise levels on a busy highway. While noise-induced hearing loss in orthopaedic surgery specifically has been recognized as early as the 1990s, it remains poorly studied. As a result, there has been renewed focus in this occupational hazard. Noise level is typically measured in decibels (dB), whereas noise adjusted for human perception uses A-weighted sound levels and is expressed in dBA. Mean operating theatre noise levels range between 51 and 75 dBA, with peak levels between 80 and 119 dBA. The greatest sources of noise emanate from powered surgical instruments, which can exceed levels as high as 140 dBA. Newer technology, such as robotic-assisted systems, contribute a potential new source of noise. This article is a narrative review of the deleterious effects of prolonged noise exposure, including noise-induced hearing loss in the operating theatre team and the patient, intraoperative miscommunication, and increased cognitive load and stress, all of which impact the surgical team’s overall performance. Interventions to mitigate the effects of noise exposure include the use of quieter surgical equipment, the implementation of sound-absorbing personal protective equipment, or changes in communication protocols. Future research endeavours should use advanced research methods and embrace technological innovations to proactively mitigate the effects of operating theatre noise.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(10):1039–1043.
The effect of combined malnutrition and obesity on trauma and orthopaedic surgery outcomes
Authors: Abelleyra Lastoria Diego A. , Ogbolu Chigoziem , Olatigbe Olufemi , Beni Rebecca , Iftikhar Ahsan , Hing Caroline B.
Published: October 2024

Aims

To determine whether obesity and malnutrition have a synergistic effect on outcomes from skeletal trauma or elective orthopaedic surgery.

Methods

Electronic databases including MEDLINE, Global Health, Embase, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and PEDRo were searched up to 14 April 2024, as well as conference proceedings and the reference lists of included studies. Studies were appraised using tools according to study design, including the Oxford Levels of Evidence, the Institute of Health Economics case series quality appraisal checklist, and the CLARITY checklist for cohort studies. Studies were eligible if they reported the effects of combined malnutrition and obesity on outcomes from skeletal trauma or elective orthopaedic surgery.

Results

A total of eight studies (106,319 patients) were included. These carried moderate to high risk of bias. Combined obesity and malnutrition did not lead to worse outcomes in patients undergoing total shoulder arthroplasty or repair of proximal humeral fractures (two retrospective cohort studies). Three studies (two retrospective cohort studies, one case series) found that malnourishment and obesity had a synergistic effect and led to poor outcomes in total hip or knee arthroplasty, including longer length of stay and higher complication rates. One retrospective cohort study pertaining to posterior lumbar fusion found that malnourished obese patients had higher odds of developing surgical site infection and sepsis, as well as higher odds of requiring a revision procedure.

Conclusion

Combined malnutrition and obesity have a synergistic effect and lead to poor outcomes in lower limb procedures. Appropriate preoperative optimization and postoperative care are required to improve outcomes in this group of patients.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(10):1044–1049.
Association between surgeon and hospital volume and outcome of first-time revision hip arthroplasty for aseptic loosening
Authors: Holleyman Richard J. , Jameson Simon S. , Meek R. M. Dominic , Khanduja Vikas , Reed Mike R. , Judge Andrew , Board Tim N.
Published: October 2024

Aims

This study evaluates the association between consultant and hospital volume and the risk of re-revision and 90-day mortality following first-time revision of primary hip arthroplasty for aseptic loosening.

Methods

We conducted a cohort study of first-time, single-stage revision hip arthroplasties (RHAs) performed for aseptic loosening and recorded in the National Joint Registry (NJR) data for England, Wales, Northern Ireland, and the Isle of Man between 2003 and 2019. Patient identifiers were used to link records to national mortality data, and to NJR data to identify subsequent re-revision procedures. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models with restricted cubic splines were used to define associations between volume and outcome.

Results

Among 12,961 RHAs there were 513 re-revisions within two years, and 95 deaths within 90 days of surgery. The risk of re-revision was highest for a consultant’s first RHA (hazard ratio (HR) 1.56 (95% CI 1.15 to 2.12)) and remained significantly elevated for their first 24 cases (HR 1.26 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.58)). Annual consultant volumes of five/year were associated with an almost 30% greater risk of re-revision (HR 1.28 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.64)) and 80% greater risk of 90-day mortality (HR 1.81 (95% CI 1.02 to 3.21)) compared to volumes of 20/year. RHAs performed at hospitals which had cumulatively undertaken fewer than 167 RHAs were at up to 70% greater risk of re-revision (HR 1.70 (95% CI 1.12 to 2.59)), and those having undertaken fewer than 307 RHAs were at up to three times greater risk of 90-day mortality (HR 3.05 (95% CI 1.19 to 7.82)).

Conclusion

This study found a significantly higher risk of re-revision and early postoperative mortality following first-time single-stage RHA for aseptic loosening when performed by lower-volume consultants and at lower-volume institutions, supporting the move towards the centralization of such cases towards higher-volume units and surgeons.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(10):1050–1058.
Management of bone loss in anterior shoulder instability
Authors: Arenas-Miquelez Antonio , Barco Raul , Cabo Cabo Francisco J. , Hachem Abdul-ilah
Published: October 2024

Bone defects are frequently observed in anterior shoulder instability. Over the last decade, knowledge of the association of bone loss with increased failure rates of soft-tissue repair has shifted the surgical management of chronic shoulder instability. On the glenoid side, there is no controversy about the critical glenoid bone loss being 20%. However, poor outcomes have been described even with a subcritical glenoid bone defect as low as 13.5%. On the humeral side, the Hill-Sachs lesion should be evaluated concomitantly with the glenoid defect as the two sides of the same bipolar lesion which interact in the instability process, as described by the glenoid track concept. We advocate adding remplissage to every Bankart repair in patients with a Hill-Sachs lesion, regardless of the glenoid bone loss. When critical or subcritical glenoid bone loss occurs in active patients (> 15%) or bipolar off-track lesions, we should consider anterior glenoid bone reconstructions. The techniques have evolved significantly over the last two decades, moving from open procedures to arthroscopic, and from screw fixation to metal-free fixation. The new arthroscopic techniques of glenoid bone reconstruction procedures allow precise positioning of the graft, identification, and treatment of concomitant injuries with low morbidity and faster recovery. Given the problems associated with bone resorption and metal hardware protrusion, the new metal-free techniques for Latarjet or free bone block procedures seem a good solution to avoid these complications, although no long-term data are yet available.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(10):1100–1110.
Enhancing Stewardship of Indigenous Peoples' Data, Information, and Knowledges in Libraries and Archives through Indigenous Data Governance
Authors: Cummins Jewel , Soto Alexander , Anderson Jane , Gosart Ulia , Ward Alexander , Carroll Stephanie Russo
Published: October 2024

Abstract: This article provides foundational definitions connected to Indigenous Peoples' data in relation to information institutions, specifically libraries and archives. The authors explain the relationship between Indigenous Data Sovereignty (IDSov) and Indigenous Data Governance (IDGov) before moving into a general overview of norms and principles related to enhancing IDSov and implementing IDGov and finishing with the CARE Principles for Indigenous Data Governance (Collective Benefit, Authority to Control, Responsibility, and Ethics). This article also provides examples of the application and implementation of the CARE Principles in libraries and archives, including Community-Driven Archives, Indigenous Librarianship, Local Contexts Labels and Notices in Libraries, and Language Materials. This article concludes with recommendations for applying the CARE Principles in information institutions. The purpose of the article's information is to provide foundational article, definitions, resources, and perspectives for information institutions and professionals, specifically librarians and archivists, to support IDSov and apply and use IDGov principles from Indigenous Peoples' viewpoints. The authors' intention is to show the importance of this work in communities, not just in information institutions. This article also highlights the importance of Indigenous librarianship when operationalizing IDGov. This article acknowledges the work being done in various information institutions to de-silo information practices and incorporate Indigenous Peoples' perspectives.
Necessary Encounters: Revisiting Philip Roth's Central-European Legacy
Authors: Chevereșan Cristina
Published: October 2024

Abstract: This article focuses primarily on Philip Roth's 1976-1990 interviews with Central-European writers, collected in his 2001 collection Shop Talk: A Writer and His Colleagues and Their Work . Current developments at the Eastern borders of Europe in the aftermath of Russia's invasion of the Ukraine trigger my reexamination of this part of Roth's nonfiction and inform my claim that in Shop Talk , as in his editorship of Penguin's "Writers from the Other Europe" series (1974-89), Roth has contributed to opening the American mind to aspects of "the other Europe" that might have otherwise remained unexplored. The selection of passages from Roth's work as critic and interlocutor is meant to illustrate sociohistorical intricacies of a cultural space that still sparks tension, confusion, and conflict. My aim is to establish relevant connections and raise awareness of the presentness of issues that continue to frame and shape contemporary realities and debates.
1 × 2 broadband polarization-independent beam splitter based on air annular photonic crystal designed by a particle swarm optimization algorithm
Authors: Cao Yang , Chen Yu , Li Jiaqi , Shi Pengcheng , Li Jiaqi , Li Peili
Published: October 2024

We propose a 1×2 broadband polarization-independent beam splitter based on air annular photonic crystals. The inner and outer radii of the air annular photonic crystals at the V-shaped waveguide side and corners can influence the transmittance and broadband performance. To improve the design efficiency and transmittance of the broadband splitter, particle swarm optimization was used to reverse-design the splitter. The performance of the designed splitter was studied, and the results show that the designed splitter has a wide bandwidth range of 1530–1565 nm. It exhibits a minimum transmittance of  84% and an average transmittance of  87.8% for TE polarization and a minimum transmittance of  81% and an average transmittance of  83% for TM polarization. The response times for both polarizations are below 0.7 ps. This device has promising applications in all-optical communication networks and photonic high-density integration.
Modeling and experimental characterization of a compact Mach–Zehnder electro-optic modulator on the SOI
Authors: Xie Fanglin , Li Hongqiang , Xue Aijia , Han Ming , Zhang Lizhen , Li Enbang
Published: October 2024

The Mach–Zehnder electro-optic modulator (MZM) plays a crucial role in photonics integration technology during signal transmission. We propose the design and fabrication of a silicon-based electro-optic modulator based on the M-Z structure and design a modulator using silicon as the waveguide core layer on a silicon dioxide substrate. The detailed design involves a 1×2 splitter, branch waveguides, modulating arm waveguides, and a 2×1 combiner. The MZM fabrication and characterization results reveal that the half-wave voltage of the silicon-based MZM is 2 V, with an optical loss of −2.464dB and a device core size of 450µm×2800µm. The experimental results indicate that the MZM with a low half-wave voltage, a low loss, and high integration has significant value. The proposed MZM exhibits considerable improvements, featuring a low half-wave voltage and a low loss, and this device may serve as a fundamental component in wearable large-scale photonic integrated circuits for weak ECG real-time detection.
Ultra-high Temperature Sensor Utilizing an Intrinsic Sapphire Fabry-Pérot Interferometer
Authors: Roehrl Alexander , Stadler Andrea , Buchfellner Fabian , Zehetmair Simon , Roths Johannes
Published: October 2024

We propose and present a high temperature fiber optic sensor based on an intrinsic sapphire Fabry-Pérot interferometer and a single mode interrogation system for temperature measurements up to 1200°C.
The Road to a Practicable Magnetless Integrated Optical Isolator
Authors: Lapointe Jerome , Coia Cedrik , Dupont Albert , Vallée Réal
Published: October 2024

Since the 1990s, optical isolators have hindered holistic self-contained integration of photonic chips. Here, we describe the limitations of the most promising technologies as well as the issues we address towards a successful solution: A fs-laser-inscribed low-loss broadband integrated isolator operating without external magnet.
FBG-based accelerometer with temperature compensation for structural health monitoring
Authors: Landreau Chloé , Le Gall Thomas , Ponthus Nicolas , Morana Adriana , Charvin Jacques , Girard Sylvain , Marin Emmanuel
Published: October 2024

A Fiber Bragg Grating based accelerometer has been designed and manufactured for Structural Health Monitoring applications. It has a linear response up to 250 Hz and a temperature compensation system.
High efficiency Fiber Bragg Grating Spectrometer Fabricated Using One Infrared Femtosecond Laser Pulse and the Phase Mask Technique
Authors: Rahnama Abdullah , Hnatovsky Cyril , Walker Robert , De Silva Kasthuri , Mihailov Stephen
Published: October 2024

A super-efficient all-fiber visible spectrometer with sub-nanometer resolution is fabricated using one infrared femtosecond laser pulse and a phase mask. The strong light outcoupling from the fiber is due to micropores formed in its core.
Behavior during in-core reactor irradiation at 500°C of regenerated and Type III femtosecond FBGs written in germano-silicate single-mode fiber
Authors: Desmarchelier Rudy , Cotillard Romain , Lancry Matthieu , Breaud Stéphane , Gusarov Andrei , Destouches Christophe , Laffont Guillaume
Published: October 2024

In-core irradiation of regenerated and type III femtosecond Fiber Bragg Gratings has been realized during the TESCA experiment in the SCK CEN BR2 reactor on the LIBERTY rig. FBG transducers are simultaneously sensitive to temperature, strain and radiations. In this study we have investigated a new method to discriminate temperature and radiation effects on FBGs. We have quantified the contributions of the different types of radiation at high fluence and γ-dose, up to 2.35.1018 nFAST.cm-2 and 800MGy, respectively, at a temperature of 500°C.
Thick femtosecond-inscribed silica VBGs for mid-IR spectral filtering applications
Authors: Talbot Lauris , Siems Malte Per , Richter Daniel , David Nicolas , Blais-Ouellette Sébastien , Nolte Stefan , Bernier Martin
Published: October 2024

We report on the femtosecond inscription of a 3 mm thick silica volume Bragg grating. By combining it with a mid-IR supercontinuum laser, a narrowband light source tunable from 2.8 to 4.3 μm is obtained.
Thermal Stability of Fiber Bragg Gratings Fabricated in Fluoride Glass Optical Fibers via Femtosecond Laser Direct-inscription
Authors: Fuerbach A. , Fernandez T.T. , Xu L.
Published: October 2024

We report on the annealing properties of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) that have been inscribed into fluorozirconate (ZBLAN) and fluoroindate (InF3) optical fibers via the femtosecond laser direct write technique.
Bragg grating reflectors inscribed in polypropylene lightpipes
Authors: Sarakatsianos V. , Chapalo I. , Grantzioti E. , Manouras T. , Vamvakaki M. , Konstantaki M. , Pissadakis S.
Published: October 2024

Bragg grating reflectors are inscribed and characterized in toluene loaded, polypropylene lightpipes using 248nm, excimer laser radiation. Refractive index changes of the order of ~6.6x10-4 are introduced in the polymer matrix, through single photon-absorption.
Design of colored fluorescent radiative cooling bilayer polymer coatings by modified Monte Carlo method
Authors: Wang Tao , Lei Dangyuan , Dai Jian-Guo
Published: October 2024

Colored radiative cooling is challenging. Here, a modified Monte Carlo method was proposed for design of colored fluorescent radiative cooling coatings. Colored bilayer coatings were designed for efficient cooling performance.
Radiative Cooling: a new channel from Energy Sustainability to Semiconductors
Authors: Gan Qiaoqiang
Published: October 2024

This talk will describe recent progresses regarding radiative cooling strategies for optoelectronics, from system design to on-chip integration. Specifically, we will discuss the considerations for passive cooling of solar panels and light emitting diodes.
Microstructured optical fibers made by additive manufacturing of chalcogenide glasses
Authors: Troles J. , Szymczyk L. , Cheviré F. , Boussard-Pledel C. , Gautier A. , Charpentier F. , Guimond Y. , Roze M. , Renversez G.
Published: October 2024

Chalcogenide preforms obtained by an additive manufacturing process have been drawn into chalcogenide optical fibers. Those results open a way for the elaboration of chalcogenide microstructured optical fibers, especially for hollow-core fibers.
Large Arrays of Low Loss Type II FBGs Written with a Phase Mask Through a Polyimide Coating
Authors: Walker Robert B. , Hnatovsky Cyril , Mihailov Stephen J. , Lu Ping , De Silva Manny , Ding Huimin
Published: October 2024

Practical quasi-distributed sensing with Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) depends on the repeatable fabrication of numerous, mechanically robust, low loss FBGs. This work reports an array of 1008 FBGs written with a phase mask through polyimide.
Optical Studies of Rare Earth Nano Metal Oxides Prepared Using D-glycine as Fuel in Solution Combustion Synthesis
Authors: Tanna Ashish , Maheta Dhara , Madhukar B. S.
Published: October 2024

The structural and optical studies have been used for nano rare earth oxides. The refractive indices modeling has been applied for CeO2, La2O3, & ThO2 where 3.10, 4.84 & 5.76 eVs values for band gaps.
Integrated Photon Pairs Source Based on Counter-Propagating Spontaneous Four Wave Mixing in a Silicon Nitride Chip
Authors: Rodríguez Becerra G. J. , Durán Gómez J. S. S. , Tavares Ramírez P. M. C. , Alarcón R. Ramírez , Robles M. Gómez , Salas-Montiel R.
Published: October 2024

We report the design of an integrated visible-telecom photon pair source based on Counter Propagating Spontaneous Four Wave Mixing (CP-SFWM) in a Silicon Nitride (Si3N4) chip with no need of dispersion profile engineering. Two lasers are pumped at 800 nm and 1550 nm at both ends of the optical fiber, generating signal and idler photons at the same wavelengths but with opposite propagation directions, relative to their corresponding pumps. Moreover, these photons exhibit a spectral bandwidth on the order of MHz, achieved by using a high Q factor ring resonator.
Exploring the Impact of Gap Compensation tubes on Enhancing the Performance of Anti-Resonant Fibers
Authors: Zhang Zhaoyang , Li Yuemei , Xiao Ziyang , Guo Yao , Zheng Liu , Guo Haobo
Published: October 2024

By introducing Gap Compensation tubes, we have reduced the LP01 mode loss to 3.487×10^-6 dB/km, setting a new record in anti-resonant fibers. This paper will delve into the effects of Gap Compensation tubes.
Tailoring Strut Thicknesses for Selective THz Negative Curvature Fiber Sensors
Authors: Howard Ethan , Ward Julia , Neidt Ethan , Como Riley , Akosman Ahmet E.
Published: October 2024

A cascaded hollow-core negative curvature fiber design is proposed for selective THz sensing. Numerical investigations suggest significant spectral shift up to 0.1 THz in relative sensitivities, enabling differentiation between analytes at certain design frequencies.
Acceleration of Optomechanical Droplets
Authors: Robb G.R.M. , Walker J.G.M. , Oppo G.-L. , Ackemann T.
Published: October 2024

We describe a scheme for acceleration sensing using stable optomechanical droplets formed when a Bose–Einstein Condensate is illuminated by a far off-resonant optical pump field and by its retroreflection from a feedback mirror.
Real-time Coupling Induced Linear and Nonlinear Light Dynamics in Coupled Microresonators
Authors: Pal Arghadeep , Ghosh Alekhya , Zhang Shuangyou , Hill Lewis , Yan Haochen , Zhang Hao , Bi Toby , Alabbadi Abdullah , Del’Haye Pascal
Published: October 2024

We study the linear and nonlinear light interactions in coupled resonators. In our experiments, we can control the coupling gap between two resonators instantaneously to investigate symmetry breaking of hybridized counterpropagating modes.
A Template-Matching-based Algorithm for Optical Microscope Image Stitching
Authors: Bhadouria Vikesh Singh , Park You-rim , Eom Joo Beom
Published: October 2024

This paper proposes a template-based method to enhance image-stitching in whole slide microscopy, tackling stage misalignment and flat field issues, improving accuracy and efficiency despite mechanical instability.
Characterization of zinc sulfide waveguides for nonlinear photonics
Authors: Lemoine A. , Letoublon A. , Naïm A. , Batte T. , Cornet C. , Dumeige Yannick , Levallois Christophe , Léger Yoan
Published: October 2024

This paper presents the advantages of zinc sulfide (ZnS) for second order nonlinear photonics through structural and optical characterizations of ZnS thin films and waveguides.
Rate-Adaptive Protograph-Based Raptor-Like LDPC Code for Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution
Authors: Cil Erdem Eray , Schmalen Laurent
Published: October 2024

We propose a new type-based protograph raptor-like LDPC code for rate-adaptive information reconciliation in CV-QKD systems. It offers robust error-correction performance across a wide range of rates while simplifying the code design process.
Durable Fiber Bragg Gratings with Thickened Polyimide Coatings for High Sensitivity Humidity Sensing
Authors: Mihailov Stephen J. , Ding Huimin , Walker Robert B. , Szabo Katherine , Hnatovsky Cyril , Rahnama Abdullah , Lu Ping , De Silva Manny
Published: October 2024

Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) relative humidity (RH) sensors were written in 50 μm diameter fibers through the polyimide coating. Thickening the polyimide resulted in the highest sensitivity reported for polyimide coated FBG RH sensors.
Factors influencing the behaviour of FBG sensors for temperature measurements
Authors: Carlesi Tommaso , Laboureur Delphine , Planquart Philippe , Pacio Julio , Van Tichelen Katrien , Mégret Patrice
Published: October 2024

Investigating Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBG) behavior in varied fluid environments for temperature measurements. Analysis includes secondary effects and liquid metal influence on peak spectrum.