bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incentivos a la dirección y gobierno de empresas: el caso de las stock options
Authors: Melle Hernández Mónica
Published: October 2023

Los mecanismos de incentivos aplicados a los directivos empresariales, basados en conceptos retributivos, refuerzan, al menos parcialmente, los incentivos individuales para que los directivos sean responsables de sus acciones y para que sus intereses personales estén en la línea de los objetivos de la propiedad. Dentro de estos sistemas, el artículo se centra en los planes de opciones de compra sobre acciones o stock options, analizando sus orígenes, sus principales ventajas e inconvenientes y comparándolos con otros sistemas de incentivos para la dirección. Asimismo, el artículo ofrece una aproximación a la vigencia de los planes de stock options como incentivos, a sus efectos sobre los resultados de la gestión de los directivos que se benefician de los mismos y a la consideración que tienen en los códigos éticos de gobierno de empresas. Se deduce que la motivación, fidelidad e integración de las personas que componen una organización son valores fundamentales para el desarrollo óptimo del negocio, por lo que aplicar un adecuado sistema de incentivos que mantenga y fidelice a los empleados y directivos valiosos puede mejorar los resultados empresariales. Pero conseguir la forma retributiva adecuada para motivar al directivo es una tarea muy compleja en la práctica empresarial. El enfoque de agencia apuesta porque se utilicen componentes variables dentro de la compensación total. Sin embargo, la decisión sobre la forma que deben adoptar esos elementos variables debe ser analizada por cada empresa evaluando las ventajas e inconvenientes de cada una de ellas. Por otra parte, en muchas ocasiones, el problema no son los sistemas de incentivos, sino las conductas oportunistas derivadas de la información privilegiada de los propios directivos.
Las prestaciones familiares por hijo a cargo en el vigente sistema público de Seguridad Social
Authors: Blasco Lahoz José Francisco
Published: October 2023

Accésit Premio Estudios Financieros 2000

Las prestaciones familiares por hijo a cargo en el ámbito de la acción protectora de la Seguridad Social se establecen para hacer frente a la situación de necesidad económica o de incremento en las cargas económicas de la familia, que pueden producirse para determinadas personas por tener uno o varios hijos a cargo.
En cumplimiento de la obligación de los poderes públicos de proteger social, económica y jurídicamente a la familia (art. 39 de la Constitución Española) existen las siguientes modalidades de estas prestaciones:
1. Una modalidad «contributiva» dirigida a los trabajadores, cualquiera que sea su nacionalidad, que estén comprendidos en el campo de aplicación del sistema público de Seguridad Social.2. Una modalidad «no contributiva» destinada a la protección de las personas excluidas del sistema público de Seguridad Social, que no están afiliadas y, en consecuencia, no contribuyen al mismo mediante las correspondientes cotizaciones.3. En tercer lugar, se han recuperado las «históricas» prestaciones familiares de pago único a través del Real Decreto-Ley 1/2000, de 14 de enero: las prestaciones económicas por nacimiento de tercer o sucesivos hijos y por parto múltiple.
El presente estudio quiere servir de repaso al régimen jurídico aplicable a todas estas prestaciones.
El programa de fomento del empleo para el año 2001
Authors: Panizo Robles José Antonio
Published: October 2023

En el comentario que se reproduce a continuación, y como consecuencia de la publicación en el Boletín Oficial del Estado del día 3 de marzo de 2001 del Real Decreto-Ley 5/2001, de 2 de marzo, de Medidas Urgentes de Reforma del Mercado de Trabajo para el incremento del empleo y la mejora de su calidad, el autor hace referencia a todas las novedades contenidas en el mismo, analizando en particular el programa de fomento del empleo para el presente año.
Un modelo para programas de desarrollo de competencias
Authors: Marcos Cuevas Javier
Published: October 2023

En los últimos años estamos asistiendo, en el ámbito de los Recursos Humanos a la utilización cada vez más generalizada de las competencias aplicadas a los distintos sistemas de gestión de Recursos Humanos, desde la selección, pasando por la identificación del potencial, hasta la planificación y desarrollo de carreras.
El contenido de este artículo, estructurado en tres bloques, pretende, sin ser exhaustivo, orientar sobre algunas cuestiones que son importantes a la hora de plantearse un programa efectivo de desarrollo profesional.
Labuta em um centro de saúde: um estudo sobre identidade e identificação
Authors: Silva Elisângela de Jesus Furtado da , Santos Laysse Fernanda Macêdo dos
Published: October 2023

Objetivo: O estudo busca investigar a identidade e identificação de trabalhadores em saúde pública, mais especificamente em um centro de saúde em Belo Horizonte.Método/abordagem: Caracterizado como uma pesquisa quantitativa, também acessa a abordagem qualitativa por meio de um estudo de caso, como forma de compreender os fenômenos evidenciados em profundidade. Os dados foram construídos a partir de um questionário estruturado com escala Likert, e o tratamento consistiu em um ensaio estatístico simples com a distribuição de frequência e análise descritiva das informa­ções.Principais resultados: As principais contribuições teóricas apontam que a maior parte dos pesquisados se sentem identificados com a saúde pública em nível mediano. As pessoas mais identificadas são as mais comprometidas afetivamente com a organiza­ção, o que reforça achados de Bandeira, Marques e Veiga (2000) e Medeiros (1997).Contribuições teóricas/práticas/sociais: Foi observado que a identidade e a identifica­ção são fatores importantes no desempenho das atividades profissionais e que estão relacionadas a eficiência e eficácia.Originalidade/relevância: A pesquisa é aderente aos fatores ligados ao aumento do desempenho e qualidade no serviço público de saúde em unidades básicas de saúde.
Influência da confiança interpessoal sobre os comportamentos de cidadania organizacional: a perspectiva de trabalhadores do setor de TI
Authors: Costa Gabrielle Loureiro de Ávila , Barros Estivalete Vania de Fátima , Andrade Taís de , Malheiros Michel Barboza , Rossato Vanessa Piovesan
Published: October 2023

Objetivo: Analisar a influência da confiança interpessoal (CI) sobre os comportamen­tos de cidadania organizacional (CCO).Método/abordagem: A pesquisa se classifica como descritiva, abordagem quantitativa e estratégia de pesquisa é uma survey. Com isso, 352 indivíduos, de 41 organizações de TI, no Brasil, sendo sua maioria do Rio Grande do Sul, participaram da pesquisa.Contribuições teóricas/práticas/sociais: Os resultados revelaram uma influência posi­tiva da CI sobre os CCO, o que significa que, quanto mais os trabalhadores percebem a confiança interpessoal no trabalho, mais propensos eles são a se envolverem nos CCO. Assim, estas evidências empíricas podem permitir aos gestores ampliarem sua compreensão em relação ao comportamento de seus colaboradores, a fim de que pos­sam incentivar o desenvolvimento de comportamentos discricionários na organização, podendo, inclusive, melhorar o desempenho individual e organizacional. Este estudo apresenta um avanço teórico-empírico, por abordar a influência da CI, enquanto ante­cedente, sobre os CCO no setor de TI.Originalidade/relevância: A CI e o CCO favorecem as relações de trabalho, podendo impactar positivamente no contexto organizacional. Nesta pesquisa, a confiança com o supervisor é maior do que em comparação à confiança com colegas.
CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION POTENTIAL OF ENDEMIC SATUREJA SUBSPICATAL.ESSENTIAL OIL AND EXTRACTS
Authors: Bektašević Mejra , Politeo Olivera
Published: October 2023

Medicinal plants are potentialsources of bioactive compounds.One of the medicinal plants used in the traditional medicine of Bosnia and Herzegovina isendemic Satureja subspicataL. In this work, we examined the ability of Satureja subspicataL. essential oil and hot water and methanol extractsto inhibit the enzymes acetylcholinesterase(AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase(BChE) using Ellman’s method.The ability ofSatureja subspicataL. essential oil in concentration of 1 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL to inhibit enzymes was moderate: 72.82%, and 76.89% for AChE, and 51.51%, and 27.15% for BChE, respectively. Analyzed hot water and methanol extractsin concentration of 1 mg/mL showed weak ability of cholinesterase inhibition. Extracts were additionally analyzed regardingtoability to protect proteins from oxidation, during 1 h and 24 h incubation periods. After incubation for 1 hhot water extractshowed a very good protective effect(10.61%), while the methanolic extract showed prooxidative activity. After incubation for 24 h, both extracts showed prooxidative activity.The obtained results show that the examined essential oil and extracts of S. subspicataL. containcompounds withcholinesterase inhibition and antioxidant potential, and thereforecan be useful in treatment of Alzheimer's disease.KEYWORDS:Satureja subspicata, essential oil, extracts, cholinesterase inhibition, protein oxidation
LOCALLY CHARACTERISED REPETITIVE ILLEGAL LANDFILLS
CLASSIFICATION
Authors: Knežiček Tihomir , Osmanović Dean , Sinanović Ćatibušić Sabina
Published: October 2023

Illegal dumping of waste material is present in almost all local communities in Bosnia and Herzegovina,
including in the areas of urban and rural local communities of the City of Tuzla. Uncontrolled waste dumping
at the landfields, as the illegal dumping, are created by dumping different types of waste material in areas that
are not intended for waste material disposal. These are areas that are usually next to roads with less traffic, or
in the immediate vicinity of roads where access is possible for motor vehicles with a lower load capacity. Illegal
landfills have a direct negative impact on the living environment from several aspects. Primarily, watercourses
and soil are polluted, the ambient space is disturbed, and by attracting animals, there is the possibility of
infections that are dangerous for the population. Waste materials in illegal landfills are often deliberately set
on fire, which causes additional problems of air pollution with smoke and gases resulting from combustion, as
well as the possibility of fire outbreaks, especially in forest areas. In the current practice, illegal waste landfills
did not have scientific and professional interest because they are often of a temporary nature and were not
considered interesting from the aspect of the scientific approach to defining landfills by different
classifications. This paper defines the classification of illegal landfills in the spheres of data processing
possibilities of interest for the treatment of illegal waste landfills, and the experimental definition of the
classification was confirmed on the example of the recording and analysis of illegal waste landfills in the local
community of Kiseljak, City of Tuzla in the phase of implementing the project „Inclusive development of
Kiseljak community for improvement of social and economic aspect of citizens, emphasizing Roma
population“, finance by Foundation of Tuzla community, Tuzla. The basis of the classification is made up of
repetitive local waste landfills, while permanent regional waste landfills are not the subject of research and
classification since there are already known classifications for permanent waste material landfills.
Consent for the publication of the paper was given by the Tuzla Community Foundation, which financed the
referral research within the project "Inclusive development of the Kiseljak community, for the improvement of
the social and economic aspects of the citizens' life, especially the Roma", implemented by the Tuzla
Community Foundation in partnership and financial support of the Freudenberg Foundation and the German
Federal Ministry for External Development (BMZ).
IMPROVEMENT OF TECHNICAL MEASURES FOR PROCEDURES IN
ACCIDENTS ON GAS SYSTEM
Authors: Karadžin Zvjezdan , Burek Haris , Nukić Edisa
Published: October 2023

Due to properties as flammability, explosiveness, suffocation (decreased oxygen content), toxicity
(incomplete combustion), large lengths of gas pipelines, risk of leakage, etc., natural gas is media that requires
special care during transport and use. There are many examples in the world where unprofessional and
negligent use of gas led to unimaginable and tragic consequences with human casualties and huge material
damages. This paper analyzes management of accidental situations at the Sarajevo Canton gas system.
Problematic aspects of management will be presented through two case studies instead of presenting idealized
models that integrate all structures responsible for dealing with such accidental situations. The methodological
approach in this paper is presented through selection of accidents on gas network that had a significant impact
and required a coordinated response from the competent services. The goal is to consider possibilities of
improving technical measures by installing valves with remote control, which would raise safety to a higher
level. With this step forward in technical terms, it would be possible to close the valve on gas system in the
shortest period of time by controlling it from the dispatch center, which would stop the uncontrolled gas
release.
The paper will suggest locations where it would be optimal to install valves with remote control, in order to
close the necessary section, and at the same time, the least number of consumers would have a gas supply
interruption.
Key words: gas system, accident, technical measures
VULNERABILITY AND PROTECTION OF THE WATER BODY
"MODRAC"
Authors: Pašić-Škripić Dinka , Ašćerić Mirna
Published: October 2023

Hydroaccumulation Modrac was built in 1964 to provide technological water for the needs of industry, and
today it also has a water supply role for the drinking water of Tuzla and Lukavac. Given that wastewater is
discharged into waterways mostly without any remedial treatment, the water body "Modrac" is therefore
continuously exposed to contamination by various harmful and dangerous pollutants.
Due to the complex geological and hydrogeological conditions in which the waters of the Modrac reservoir
exist, as well as the great influence of anthropogenic pollution factors, the degree of vulnerability of these
waters is significantly high. By defining the pollution cadastre, analyzing the degree of vulnerability, and
assessing risk based on hazard and vulnerability, adequate prerequisites are created for the application of
methods to protect the quality of these waters. This would ensure the preconditions for adequate protection
of water quality, and improve the conditions for the use of these waters, especially in the sphere of water
supply, given that these waters, along with previous treatment at the water factory in Cerik, are remedied
and brought to the condition of drinking water, which must meet the regulations on the use of drinking
water.
Key words: vulnerability of water, water body, pollutants, polluting substances
Turkish EFL Learners’ Perceptions and Preferences of Written Corrective Feedback
Authors: KIVRAK Cansu
Published: October 2023

Written corrective feedback (WCF) has gained considerable attention from both researchers and teachers in the field of English language teaching (ELT). Although a large bulk of research on WCF has focused on the link between different feedback types and language development, more research is needed to understand how language learners perceive written corrective feedback and what feedback practices they favor more than others. Therefore, this study aims to investigate Turkish EFL learners’ perceptions and preferences of written corrective feedback in terms of the feedback strategies employed in their classrooms as well as their revision practices upon getting feedback. 90 Turkish Intermediate EFL undergraduates from a public university in Turkey completed a 21-item Likert-scale questionnaire online. Using descriptive statistics, the questionnaire data were analyzed. The findings showed that the learners’ perceptions and their teachers’ feedback practices mostly aligned, and most learners preferred to receive comprehensive and indirect feedback that focuses on grammatical, mechanical, and lexical errors rather than organization and content. These findings highlighted the importance of learner expectations in relation to the perceived efficacy of feedback practices.
Budesonide Extended Release for Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Khangura Sara D. , Spry Carolyn
Published: October 2023

In 2017, the CADTH Canadian Drug Expert Committee recommended that budesonide extended release (with multi-matrix system) not be reimbursed for the induction of remission in patients with active mild to moderate ulcerative colitis based on limitations in the evidence at that time.

The limited primary clinical evidence (i.e., 1 randomized controlled trial) published since the literature searches conducted for the previous CADTH Reimbursement Review corroborates the clinical findings of that report. The evidence demonstrates that budesonide extended release is more effective for inducing remission in patients with mild to moderate ulcerative colitis compared to placebo.

No new clinical evidence was identified describing head-to-head comparisons of budesonide extended release with active therapies. Indirect comparative evidence between budesonide extended release and other active therapies suggests minimal or no difference in remission, clinical response, or adverse events.

Cost-effectiveness evidence from 1 study conducted in the Netherlands indicates that budesonide extended release is a more effective and less costly second-line therapy versus aggregated comparators for patients with mild to moderate ulcerative colitis.

Evidence-based recommendations support the use of budesonide extended release for patients with mild to moderate ulcerative colitis who have not responded to 5-ASAs.

No clinical or cost-effectiveness evidence or evidence-based recommendations were found describing the use of budesonide extended release in patients with moderate to severe ulcerative colitis.
Engaging Emotions?
Authors: Mononen Sini
Published: October 2023

Tämä artikkeli käsittelee musiikin ja äänen roolia Elokapinan (XR Finland) muutoskommunikaatiossa. Artikkelissa kysytään, kuinka äänen ja musiikin affektiivisuus on valjastettu liikkeen artivismissa osaksi ilmastonmuutoksen muutoskommunikaatiota. Hybridietnografiaa (hybrid ethnography) (Przybylski 2021) hyödyntävä tutkimus tuo esiin kahden tapauksen avulla, kuinka ääni ja musiikki kommunikoivat liikkeessä erilaista affektiivisuutta erilaisille yleisöille instituutioista kansalaisiin ja liikkeen sisällä vaikuttaviin aktivisteihin. Artikkelissa analysoidaan keväällä 2021 järjestetyn Kirjoita Kriisistä -kampanjan sekä lokakuussa 2021 pidetyn Pitkänsillan tiesulun äänellistä ja musiikillista retoriikkaa. Näistä ensimmäinen yhdisti niin sanotun die in -aktion symbolista lamaannusta alarmistiseen äänelliseen kansalaistottelemattomuuteen (sonic disobedience). Jälkimmäinen puolestaan kommunikoi musiikin avulla liikkeen luonnetta rauhanomaisena.

Yhteenvetona todetaan, että siinä missä ilmastonmuutoksen muutos­kommunikaation ”parhaisiin käytäntöihin” on aiemmassa tutkimuksessa määritelty kuuluvan kulttuurisesti positiivisiksi koettuihin affekteihin keskittyminen (Moser 2019), Elokapinan artivisimissa ääni ja musiikki ilmentävät laajaa affektiivista skaalaa hätätilan ilmentämisestä rauhal­lisuuteen ja arvokkuuteen.
Institutionalisoituminen musiikintutkimuksen kohteena
Authors: Huttunen Matti
Published: October 2023

Taideyliopiston Sibelius-Akatemian julkaisema antologia Institutionalization in Music History (2022) perustuu vuonna 2018 pidettyyn, samaa aihepiiriä koskeneeseen kansainväliseen symposiumiin. Kirja on toimitettu laadukkaasti, ja sen erityisenä ansiona on monien tähän asti liian vähälle huomiolle jääneiden ilmiöiden tuominen osaksi musiikin yhteiskunnallista aspektia koskevaa keskustelua. Kirjan moninaiset aiheet ulottuvat wieniläisestä musiikkitieteestä diskoon, Albanian musiikin historiaan ja uuden musiikin institutionalisoitumiseen niin Belgiassa kuin Espanjassa. Kirjan aiheisiin kytkeytyy monia erityyppisiä instituutioita, ja kokonaisuutena kirja toimiikin epäsuorana muistutuksena koko instituutiokentän monenkirjavuudesta.
Factors Influencing the Management of Musculoskeletal Pain among Children with Sickle Cell Disease in Western Kenya
Authors: Abwalaba Roselyne Asiko , Esamai Fabian , Okoth John
Published: October 2023

Musculoskeletal pain (MSK) is a common and often distressing symptom among children diagnosed with sickle cell disease (SCD). Despite the recurrent and often severe pain episodes these children endure, there has been limited research into the factors that influence the management of this pain. This study sought to delve into the various factors that impact the management of MSK pain in children with SCD in Western Kenya. It took a comprehensive approach, considering psychological, economic, sociocultural, individual, nutritional, environmental, and hospital-related factors. To gather insights, caregivers of 176 children with musculoskeletal pain associated with SCD were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires. Thematic analysis was employed to identify recurring themes, and a codebook was developed based on findings from the literature and emerging themes. The interviews continued until theoretical saturation was achieved, ensuring that all necessary data was collected. The results of the study revealed seven key themes that significantly influenced the management of musculoskeletal pain in these children. These themes included psychological factors, economic constraints, sociocultural beliefs, individual health status, nutritional challenges, environmental triggers, and healthcare system-related factors. Caregivers often grappled with psychological distress, financial strain, and social stigmatization. Individual factors, such as compromised immune status, played a crucial role in the frequency and severity of pain episodes. Furthermore, inadequate access to nutritious food exacerbated musculoskeletal pain. Additionally, changing weather conditions and previous negative experiences with healthcare facilities hindered effective pain management. In light of these findings, the study underscores the urgent need for a holistic approach to address these challenges. This includes providing psychosocial support, financial assistance, community awareness campaigns, improved healthcare services, education on proper nutrition, climate-related support, and healthcare worker training to better manage MSK pain in children with SCD.
NUTRIÇÃO ESCOLAR: PROMOVENDO A IGUALDADE E O DESENVOLVIMENTO INFANTIL POR MEIO DA ALIMENTAÇÃO SAUDÁVEL
Authors: Souza Lívia Barbosa Pacheco , Sousa Nathalia Herculano de
Published: October 2023

A alimentação adequada desempenha um papel fundamental no desenvolvimento infantil, especialmente nas escolas, proporcionando os nutrientes necessários para o crescimento, a saúde e o aprendizado das crianças. Isso se fez ainda mais importante em escolas públicas, uma vez que em muitos casos as crianças que estudam em tais instituições de ensino não possuem uma alimentação de qualidade, da forma como ocorre na maior parte das organizações privadas de ensino. Diante disso, o presente artigo busca abordar a importância da nutrição escolar como ferramenta para promover a igualdade e o desenvolvimento infantil por meio de uma alimentação saudável. Discute-se a relevância da alimentação adequada na infância, destacando as desigualdades no acesso à alimentação escolar e a importância do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE). Também é abordado o impacto da alimentação escolar no desenvolvimento e aprendizagem das crianças, bem como a necessidade de educação alimentar e promoção da saúde, desafios, perspectivas futuras e o papel de parcerias estratégicas. Ao considerar esses aspectos, busca-se promover uma reflexão sobre a importância de uma nutrição escolar adequada para o desenvolvimento pleno das crianças e para a construção de uma sociedade mais saudável e igualitária.
Intégration humains et ICPS : méthodes de conception et d’évaluation
Authors: PACAUX-LEMOINE Marie-Pierre , FLEMISCH Frank
Published: October 2023

Pour construire une coopération acceptée par les humains, efficace en termes de complémentarité entre les acteurs, et efficiente en évitant que la coopération surcharge l’activité globale mais permette au contraire un accroissement des performances, la conception des systèmes cyber-physiques industriels humains (HICPS) doit s’appuyer sur une démarche méthodologique rigoureuse qui prend en compte l’ensemble des capacités précitées. Après une présentation rapide des méthodes de conception existantes, ce chapitre propose une description détaillée des différentes étapes nécessaires à la conception des HICPS.
Architectures de contrôle holoniques
Authors: CARDIN Olivier , DERIGENT William , TRENTESAUX Damien
Published: October 2023

Au cours des 20 dernières années, les architectures de contrôle holoniques ont été largement étudiées comme une solution pertinente pour le pilotage des ICPS. L’objectif de ce chapitre est de présenter une étude des architectures holoniques existantes permettant d’identifier les apports de ce type d’architectures de contrôle pour les ICPS. En premier lieu, leurs caractéristiques historiques sont présentées, et démontrent une performance intéressante dans la partie Physique des ICPS. Ce chapitre présente ensuite les évolutions de ce concept ayant menées à une intégration pertinente dans la partie Cyber des ICPS.
Exploration, agrégation et visualisation spatiotemporelle de données massives
Authors: GRASLAND Claude
Published: October 2023

Les méthodes d’exploration, agrégation et visualisation spatio-temporelles des données massives ont élargi le champ d’application de la cartographie et de l’analyse spatiale. Les nouvelles internationales publiées par les grands journaux de presse quotidienne de quatre pays d’Europe de l’Ouest (France, Allemagne, Espagne, Royaume-Uni) entre 2014 et 2019 constituent un bon exemple des nouvelles pistes dans ce domaine.
Herbivore–shrub interactions influence ecosystem respiration and biogenic volatile organic compound composition in the subarctic
Authors: Brachmann Cole G. , Vowles Tage , Rinnan Riikka , Björkman Mats P. , Ekberg Anna , Björk Robert G.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Arctic ecosystems are warming nearly 4 times faster than the global average, which is resulting in plant community shifts and subsequent changes
in biogeochemical processes such as gaseous fluxes. Additionally, herbivores shape plant communities and thereby may alter the magnitude and
composition of ecosystem respiration and biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions. Here we determine the effect of large mammalian herbivores on ecosystem respiration and
BVOC emissions in two southern and two northern sites in Swedish Scandes, encompassing mountain birch (LOMB) and shrub heath (LORI) communities in
the south and low-herb meadow (RIGA) and shrub heath (RIRI) communities in the north. Herbivory significantly altered BVOC composition between sites
and decreased ecosystem respiration at RIGA. The difference in graminoid cover was found to have a large effect on ecosystem respiration between
sites as RIGA, with the highest cover, had 35 % higher emissions than the next highest-emitting site (LOMB). Additionally, LOMB had the highest
emissions of terpenes, with the northern sites having significantly lower emissions. Differences between sites were primarily due to differences in
exclosure effects and soil temperature and the prevalence of different shrub growth forms. Our results suggest that herbivory has a significant effect on
trace gas fluxes in a productive meadow community and that differences between communities may be driven by differences in shrub composition.
Contribution of lakes in sustaining the Sahara greening during the mid-Holocene
Authors: Li Yuheng , Kino Kanon , Cauquoin Alexandre , Oki Taikan
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The climate impact contribution of lakes to sustain the Green Sahara in the mid-Holocene (MH, 6000 years ago) is still under debate. To assess the lake-induced climate response over North Africa, we investigated the roles of western Sahara lakes and Megalake Chad using reconstructions of MH Sahara lake maps as surface boundary conditions for the isotope-enabled atmospheric model MIROC5-iso. Our results show that the western Sahara lakes pushed the West African monsoon northward and extended it eastward by expanding Megalake Chad. This lake–climate impact was caused by the cyclonic circulation response related to the weakened African Easterly Jet and enhanced Tropical Easterly Jet. According to the Budyko aridity index, the northwestern Sahara climate region shifted from hyper-arid to arid or semi-arid with the lake expansion. Moreover, precipitation scarcity could have been reduced by up to 13 % to sustain the semi-humid conditions. Such lake–climate impacts could alleviate Sahara aridity, relying on lake positions in the monsoon regions. Our findings are promising for understanding the contribution of lakes to sustaining the Green Sahara.
A framework for time-dependent ice sheet uncertainty quantification, applied to three West Antarctic ice streams
Authors: Recinos Beatriz , Goldberg Daniel , Maddison James R. , Todd Joe
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Ice sheet models are the main tool to generate forecasts of ice sheet mass loss, a significant contributor to sea level rise; thus, knowing the likelihood of such projections is of critical societal importance. However, to capture the complete range of possible projections of mass loss, ice sheet models need efficient methods to quantify the forecast uncertainty. Uncertainties originate from the model structure, from the climate and ocean forcing used to run the model, and from model calibration. Here we quantify the latter, applying an error propagation framework to a realistic setting in West Antarctica. As in many other ice sheet modelling studies we use a control method to calibrate grid-scale flow parameters (parameters describing the basal drag and ice stiffness) with remotely sensed observations. Yet our framework augments the control method with a Hessian-based Bayesian approach that estimates the posterior covariance of the inverted parameters. This enables us to quantify the impact of the calibration uncertainty on forecasts of sea level rise contribution or volume above flotation (VAF) due to the choice of different regularization strengths (prior strengths), sliding laws, and velocity inputs. We find that by choosing different satellite ice velocity products our model leads to different estimates of VAF after 40 years. We use this difference in model output to quantify the variance that projections of VAF are expected to have after 40 years and identify prior strengths that can reproduce that variability. We demonstrate that if we use prior strengths suggested by L-curve analysis, as is typically done in ice sheet calibration studies, our uncertainty quantification is not able to reproduce that same variability. The regularization suggested by the L curves is too strong, and thus propagating the observational error through to VAF uncertainties under this choice of prior leads to errors that are smaller than those suggested by our two-member “sample” of observed velocity fields.
THEORETICAL AND LEGAL FOUNDATIONS OF CROWDFUNDING IN RUSSIA
Authors: БЕЛИКОВ Е.О.
Published: October 2023

В статье сделан анализ модели краудфандинга как одного из методов обеспечения финансами инновационного проекта. Рассматриваются сущность и виды краудфандинга, его особенности и проблемы при изыскании денежных средств и привлечении их в проект. Дана общая характеристика рынка краудфандинга в России, рассматривается краудфандинг как альтернативный инструмент финансирования проектов. Рассмо- трено правовое регулирование краудфандинговых платформ и их соответствие нормам действующего россий- ского законодательства, а также развитость данной сферы.

The article analyzes the model of crowdfunding as one of the methods of providing finances for an innovative project. The essence and types of crowdfunding, its peculiarities and problems in raising funds and attracting them to the project are considered. The general characteristic of the crowdfunding market in Russia is given and crowdfunding as an alternative instrument of project financing is considered. The legal regulation of crowdfunding platforms and their compliance with the norms of the current Russian legislation, as well as the development of this sphere are considered.
RESOLUTION OF THE PLENUM OF THE SUPREME COURT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION OF 28.06.2022 N 20 «ON SOME ISSUES OF JUDICIAL PRACTICE IN CRIMINAL CASES OF CRIMES AGAINST JUSTICE» IN THE CONTEXT OF THE EXISTING PROBLEMS IN THIS CATEGORY OF CASES
Authors: КУДРЯВЦЕВ В.Л.
Published: October 2023

В статье в контексте существующей проблематики по делам о преступлениях против право- судия исследовано постановление Пленума Верховного Суда РФ от 28.06.2022 № 20. Установлено, что, с одной стороны, в его рамках поставлены и решены не все существующие проблемы, а с другой – присутствует определённая избирательность при их выборе и решении, что не всегда поддаётся логике. Показано, как то или иное изучаемое положение постановления Пленума ВС РФ решает проблему, в том числе и квалификации в науке и / или на практике, а также меняет судебную практику. Сделан вывод, что, несмотря на то, что поста- новление Пленума ВС РФ № 20 в ряде случаев содержит неоднозначные решения, обходит некоторые особо значимые проблемы и непоследовательно в решении проблем, в целом его принятие и применение является важнейшим этапом, связанным с приведением судебной практики к единому знаменателю по уголовным делам о преступлениях против правосудия. Статья обладает научной ценностью, представляя из себя комплексный анализ ряда существующих про- блем по делам о преступлениях против правосудия через призму постановления Пленума Верховного Суда РФ от 28.06.2022 № 20.

In the article, in the context of the existing problems in cases of crimes against justice, the resolution of the plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation of 28.06.2022 N 20 is investigated. It is established that, on the one hand, not all the problems posed and solved in it cover existing ones, and on the other hand, there is a certain selectivity in their selection and solution, which does not always lend itself to logic. It is shown how this or that provision of the resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation being studied solves the problem, including qualifications in science and/or in practice, and also changes judicial practice. It is concluded that despite the fact that the resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation N20 in some cases contains ambiguous solutions, bypasses some particularly significant problems, is inconsistent in solving problems, nevertheless, in general, its adoption and application is the most important stage associated with bringing judicial practice to a common denominator in criminal cases of crimes against justice. The article has scientific value, representing a comprehensive analysis of a number of existing problems in cases of crimes against justice through the prism of the resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation of 28.06.2022 N 20.
ABOUT THE POSSIBILITY OF USING THE MANEUVER BY THE DRIVER OF THE VEHICLE AND HIS ACTIONS IN A STATE OF EXTREME NECESSITY
Authors: ЯРОШИК О.Д.
Published: October 2023

Цель работы – исследование проблемы применения маневра водителем транспортного сред- ства в критических ситуациях. Использовались правовой и формально-юридический методы. В статье обращено внимание на проблемы оценки следствием и судом действий водителя транспортного средства в различных дорожных ситуациях. В статье, имеющей серьезное практическое значение, дается обоснование необходимости надлежащей технической и юридической оценки действий водителя транспортного средства при применении им маневра. Приведены примеры следственной и судебной практики, имеющие практическое значение.

To study the problem of the use of maneuver by the driver of a vehicle in critical situations. Legal and formal legal methods were used. The article draws attention to the problems of evaluation by the investigation and the court of the actions of the driver of the vehicle in various road situations. The article, which has serious practical significance, provides a justification for the need for a proper technical and legal assessment of the actions of the driver of the vehicle when applying the maneuver. Examples of investigative and judicial practice of practical importance are given.
LOSSES IN CONTRACT LAW DURING THE SANCTIONS POLICY AND RISK ASSESSMENTS IN CASE OF LEGALITY (ILLEGALITY) COUNTERPARTY BEHAVIOR
Authors: ВАСЕНЁВ М.И.
Published: October 2023

Статья рассматривает правовые условия оценки рисков при осуществлении предприниматель- ской деятельности, роль государства как ответственного посредника в осуществлении международных отно- шений при анализе «убытков» как института государства, современные способы оценки предпринимательских рисков и их доступность. Автор приходит к выводу, что в современных условиях осуществить проверку рисков без осуществления допуска к платным платформам невозможно, но можно с максимальной достоверностью оценить риски с помощью существующих платформ. В то же время многие сервисы могут устанавливать риски в отношении контрагента, которые не относятся к определённой деятельности и не имеют прямого отношения к ряду взаимоотношений, которые рассматриваются автором на примере ценных бумаг. С помощью платных подписок в ряде сервисов можно определить, находится ли компания под санкциями какого-либо государства, что может снизить риски в рамках предпринимательской деятельности, а, следовательно, уберечь от убытков.

The article examines the functions and legal conditions of risk assessment in the implementation of entrepreneurial activity, the ratio of the state in the analysis of «losses» as an institution of the state, as a responsible intermediary in the implementation of international relations. Modern methods of assessing business risks and their availability. The author comes to the conclusion that in modern conditions it is impossible to carry out risk verification without access to paid platforms, but with the help of existing platforms it is possible to assess risks with maximum reliability. At the same time, many services can establish risks in relation to a counterparty that do not relate to a specific activity and are not directly related to a number of relationships, which is considered by the author on the example of securities. With the help of paid subscriptions of a number of services, it is possible to determine whether a company is under the sanctions of any state, which can reduce risks within the framework of entrepreneurial activity, and, consequently, protect it from incurring losses.
ABOUT YOUTH ENGAGEMENT TERRORIST ORGANIZATIONS VIA THE INTERNET
Authors: ШУМИЛОВА М.А.
Published: October 2023

Цель работы – исследовать вопросы, связанные с вовлечением молодежи в деятельность тер- рористических организаций с использованием сети «Интернет», определить факторы (технические, социаль- ные, психологические и др.), способствующие указанной деятельности террористов. Использовались методы контент-анализа, системно-структурный и сравнительные методы. Проведенное исследование позволило вы- делить наиболее типичные психические и психологические особенности современной молодежи, способству- ющие данной деятельности террористов («тревога неподключенности», феномен «распределенного сознания», мозаичность и фрагментарность сознания и др.), а также применяемые тактические приемы вербовки молоде- жи с использованием сети «Интернет». Новизна работы заключается в определении и обосновании, с учетом выделенных факторов, способствующих деятельности террористов, двух основных групп предупредительно- профилактических мер воспитательного и образовательного характера, направленных на затруднение их вер- бовочной деятельности в сети «Интернет».

The purpose of the work is to investigate issues related to the involvement of young people in the activities of terrorist organizations using the Internet. Determine the factors (technical, social, psychological, etc.) that contribute to the specified activities of terrorists. The methods of content analysis, system-structural and comparative methods were used. The study made it possible to identify the most typical mental and psychological characteristics of modern youth that contribute to this activity of terrorists («anxiety of disconnection», the phenomenon of «distributed consciousness», mosaic and fragmentation of consciousness, etc.), the tactics used by them to recruit youth using the Internet. The novelty of the work lies in the definition and justification, taking into account the identified factors that contribute to the activities of terrorists of the two main groups of preventive and preventive measures of educational and educational nature, aimed at making it difficult for them to recruit on the Internet.
TO THE QUESTION OF THE NEED TO DEVELOP AND IMPLEMENT THE STATE PROGRAM OF THE SUBJECT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION FOR THE PREVENTION OF CRIME FOR THE DONETSK PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC
Authors: ГАЛЕЦКИЙ В.С.
Published: October 2023

В статье рассматриваются вопросы, касающиеся особенностей формирования системы про- филактики преступлений и правонарушений на территории Донецкой Народной Республики с учетом про- граммно-целевого подхода к определению целей профилактики на основе анализа потребностей в ней. Вне- сены предложения по совершенствованию предупредительной деятельности федеральных органов исполни- тельной власти указанного субъекта Российской Федерации.

The article deals with issues related to the features of the formation of a system for the prevention of crimes and offenses in the territory of the Donetsk People's Republic, taking into account the program-targeted approach to determining the goals of prevention, based on an analysis of the needs for it. Proposals have been made to improve the preventive activities of the federal executive authorities of the specified subject of the Russian Federation.
Inteligencia ARTificial y Educación Artística
Authors: Molinet-Medina Xabier
Published: October 2023

Marín Viadel, Ricardo. Granada, Editorial Universidad de Granada, 2023, 156 páginas, 128 imágenes a color. I.S.B.N.(e): 978-84-338-7204-3.
El estereotipo me mata
Authors: Vizcaíno-Alcantud Pablo
Published: October 2023

Richard Wakefield (2023), Valencia, NPQ Editores, 213 páginas. ISBN: 978-84-19440-81-5
Dibujar el mundo. Jugar, crear, compartir
Authors: Palacios Alfredo
Published: October 2023

Blanco, V. y Cidrás, S. (2022). Octaedro. ISBN: 978-84-18819-51-3. 190 págs.
Facilitating Condition of Acceptance and Use of Islamic Financial Technology (Islamic Fintech): Technological Forecasting in Saudi Banks
Authors: Khan Muhammad Shahbaz , Rizvi Subeika , Khan Azam Anwar , Shahid Muhammad Naeem
Published: October 2023

This paper aims to facilitating condition on behavioral intention using Islamic financial technology (Islamic Fintech). This paper reviews the most recent literature differences between UTAUT (Unified Theory of Acceptance, and Use of Technology) and UTAUT 2 (Unified Theory of Acceptance, and Use of Technology). Academic degree was one of the contributes to management in this study to bridging the knowledge gap by integrating eight theories of technology acceptance models (TAMs). These theories hold that there are seven models accepted on behavioral intention. Acceptance model's explanatory strength can be demonstrated by the analysis of N = 950 responses from respondents about Islamic Fintech use on the Saudi Stock Exchange (Tadawul) website, which shows that these theories play a moderating role. These theories provide many tests to demonstrate the model's explanatory strength. The results indicated a very high significance for the target variables at a 95% confidence level. There was a significant reduction in the relationship between Effort Expectancy and Behavioral Intention when the average age was considered, which resulted in a 54% and 29.9% increase in the explanatory power of the survey. It was unexpected to find that Language moderates the relationship between Hedonic Motivation and Behavioral Intention by factors of 29.9% and 31.5%, respectively. According to Behavioral Intention and Usage Behaviour must be differentiated, and to achieve technological forecasting goal in Saudi Banks, Islamic Fintech will need to increase R-squared by 57.1%. Meanwhile, Academic Degree provide a facilitating condition between BI and Use Behavior to distinguish between acceptance and use of Islamic Fintech, where the interdependence of social, environmental, and technological factors, all of which was analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling.
الضمانات القانونية وأثرها على المتغيرات الاقتصادية للاستثمار الأجنبي المباشر في المملكة العربية السعودية
Authors:   دكتوراه الحقوق في الاقتصاد والمالية العامة، كليات عنيزة الأهلية، المملكة العربية السعودية, حبيشي وفاء , عبدالغفار خالدة ,   دكتوراه اقتصاد قياسي وإحصاء اجتماعي، كليات عنيزة الأهلية، المملكة العربية السعودية
Published: October 2023

للاستثمار الأجنبي المباشر أهمية في اقتصاد الدول لذلك تسعى جميع الدول المتقدمة منها والنامية إلى جذب الاستثمارات الأجنبية إلى أراضيها لإدخال مشروعات جديدة تؤثر إيجابياً في الاقتصاد، لذلك تعمل الدول على وضع الحوافز وإزالة المعوقات التي تؤدى إلى هروب رؤوس الأموال الأجنبية من أراضي تلك الدول، و هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على تأثير القوانين والتشريعات والضمانات الاستثمارية على نمو الاستثمار الأجنبي المباشر، وكذلك التعرف على أهمية الاستثمار الأجنبي المباشر على اقتصاد الدول المضيفة، وبيان العلاقة بين الاستثمار الأجنبي المباشر وبعض متغيرات الاستثمار، استخدم المنهج الوصفي التحليلي في الدراسة. وتوصلت الدراسة إلى عدة نتائج منها وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين الاستثمار الأجنبي المباشر والناتج المحلي الإجمالي، والإنفاق الرأسمالي الحكومي، ومعدل نمو الكتلة النقدية حيث وجد أن مستوى المعنوية أقل من (0.05)، فكلما زاد معدل نمو الكتلة النقدية أدى ذلك الى المزيد من الاستثمارات الأجنبية. كذلك توصلت الدراسة الى عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة احصائية بين الاستثمار الأجنبي المباشر والتضخم حيث أن مستوى المعنوية كان (0.433) بما يشير إلى وجود أثر عكسي على جذب الاستثمار الأجنبي المباشر وأنه يؤثر سلباً على الاستثمار الأجنبي المباشر. ومن أهم التوصيات زيادة المجالات المسموح فيها بالاستثمار الأجنبي المباشر في المملكة، والعمل على التطوير المستمر للأنظمة المتعلقة بالاستثمار وازالة المعوقات التنظيمية للمستثمر الأجنبي.
التحليل المكاني للغطاء النباتي باستخدام مؤشر NDVI في المملكة العربية السعودية (منطقة عسير والباحة كنموذج)
Authors:   معيد، جامعة الملك سعود، الرياض، المملكة العربية السعودية, الشهري ريم
Published: October 2023

تناول هذا البحث كشف التغير في مساحات الغطاء النباتي في المملكة العربية السعودية خلال الفترة الزمنية 1985 - 2016 م وذلك باستخدام الأسلوب الكارتوجرافي لرسم خرائط البحث اعتماداً على برنامج نظم المعلومات الجغرافية Arc GIS وتقنيات الاستشعار عن بعد لمنطقة الدراسة وتحليل المرئيات الفضائية لتحديد نسب التغيرّ في مساحات ونسب الغطاء النباتي في المملكة من خلال تحليل قيم مؤشر الغطاء النباتي (NDVI) الذي يمكن من خلاله دراسة التغيّر في مساحات ونسب التغطية النباتية خلال فترات زمنية مختلفة واستمدت البيانات من مرئيات فضائية للقمر Landsat TM لعام 1985م ومرئيات فضائية للقمر Landsat 8 لعام 2016م وبعض طبقات خرائط الأساس الرقمية (المناطق الإدارية للمملكة العربية السعودية، التجمعات العمرانية الرئيسية). وتوصلت الدراسة إلى أن مؤشر الغطاء النباتي NDVI أشار إلى تقلص مساحة الغطاء النباتي في 9 مناطق من أصل 13 منطقة؛ حيث كان اتجاه المؤشر العام للغطاء النباتي في المملكة من الناحية الكمية (نمو للغطاء النباتي)، ولكنه نمو في أربع مناطق فقط وهي: (جازان، عسير، مكة المكرمة، تبوك)، أما بشكل عام أشار المؤشر إلى تقلص الغطاء النباتي الطبيعي في المملكة بنسبة 69%. وتوصي الدراسة بإجراء مسح شامل للغطاءات النباتية في المملكة وتعزيز المحافظة عليها، وإنشاء خرائط رقمية للغطاء النباتي الطبيعي في جميع مناطق المملكة ومراقبة التغير الذي يطرأ عليها خلال عدة سنوات.