bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dydaktyczny kontekst wykorzystania gier komputerowych w procesie kształcenia
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Kowalczuk Karol
Published: July 2021

Computer games are most often seen as nothing but entertainment, but more and more often they are used in extensive educational strategies in the educational process. The effectiveness of the use of gaming is largely dependent on the correct understanding of its context in the teaching process. The complexity of the learning process creates wide opportunities for using games. At the same time, pedagogues themselves are aware of the fact that their pupils function in digital space. For their tools to be effective, they must largely correlate with the students. Therefore, modified teaching methods and models are created with the task of effective education, which are increasingly based on virtual reality. Thus, nothing prevents one from using the properties of games in the broadly understood learning process.
Edukacja przez sport i olimpizm w stronę dialogu, który nie dzieli lecz zbliża
Authors:   Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego w Warszawie, Nowocień Jerzy
Published: July 2021

The aim of my research was to present the role of dialogue in sports education. The dialogue is a device in communication enabling not only getting information and knowledge but also insight into other people. Through sports a person is learning to incorporate values into common rules. Sport, play, and the playing field show how to subordinate inequality to democracy and change fighting into a dialogue bringing people together. This kind of dialogue in sports education is only possible thanks to the values of sports and Olympism which is a source of universal values.
Projektowanie i realizowanie się w dialogu podmiotów edukacyjnych
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Sołbut Agnieszka
Published: July 2021

The process of designing and implementing didactic and educational activities should be planned, and thus deliberate, and take into account the needs, possibilities, and expectations of individuals along with a determination of the effects of these activities. Fulfilling educational goals of the teacher and the student, the educator and the pupil, the parent and the child, assumes coexistence and mutual development. The concept of self-diagnosis, understood as a reflection on the answer to the question of who I am and what direction I want to go in, is inscribed in development. The process of self-diagnosis and holistic diagnosis make it possible for subjects of the didactic and educational process to strive for harmonious development. Dialogical contact and dialogue motivating both the teacher and his/her student to action are necessary in this mutual coexistence and development. Self-diagnosis and dialogical contact are necessary conditions for the process of continuous development of identity. The author refers to the typology of teachers presented by Stanisław Dobrowolski and mentions the teacher’s identity and self-diagnosis. She also gives examples of intercultural dialogue in an intercultural fairy tale, as well as recognizes the advantages of the common cause method in solving peer conflicts.
Wartość godności człowieka jako czynnik integrujący podmioty edukacji
Authors:   Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II, Szułczyński Albert Jędrzej
Published: July 2021

Contemporary education requires both the student and the teacher to go beyond themselves. It requires moving away from authoritarian relations towards a „wise educator”, one that will see a partner and an equal in a child, student, teacher, parent, and the local community. This perception of equality results from the dignity of every human being. The value of dignity cannot be diminished through incorrect relations or misunderstandings. Everyone deserves it, because of its supernatural character. For this reason, it is necessary to create conditions conducive to deepening relations with all participating in education . These are the student, the teacher, the parent, and the local community. All these elements must work together to develop the ability to build in a young person a specific system of values, norms, and behaviors, which is supported by axiological education.
Wychowawczy wymiar dydaktyki Hanny Chrzanowskiej
Authors:   Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie, Ryszka Łukasz
Published: July 2021

Hanna Chrzanowska supported ill people, organized aid, and educated nursing staff. Her writings reveal her great professionalism, nursing competencies and efforts to provide support which goes beyond nursing care. Her activity had an educational dimension. Chrzanowska tried to put values into practice and was able to directly influence people who worked with her. She had to face a lot of difficult challenges. She strived to develop professionally and spiritually.
Quality determination of mean sea level heights with GNSS levelling on the Ljubljana city area
Authors: Kuhar Miran , Brglez Robert , Koler Božo
Published: July 2021

This paper describes the quality determination of heights above mean sea level using RTK GNSS-levelling and new height reference surface SLO_VRP2016/Koper on the city area of Ljubljana. At 57 chosen benchmarks, quasigeoid heights were determined using ellipsoidal heights, determined with RTK GNNS-levelling technique and heights above mean sea level in the new height system SVS2010. The measured quasigeoid heights were compared with values interpolated from the new height reference surface SLO_VRP2016/Koper.
Estimation of vertical datum offset for the South African vertical datum, in relation to the international height reference system
Authors: Siphiwe Mphuthi Matthews , Achola Odera Patroba
Published: July 2021

The vertical offset and the geopotential value over South Africa is estimated on the four fundamental benchmarks in relation to the international height reference system (IHRS). It is estimated to obtain discrepancies between the South African local vertical datum (W_P) and the global vertical datum (W_0). A single-point-based geodetic boundary value problem (GBVP) approach was used following Molodensky theory for estimating the height anomalies from the disturbing potential (T_P) using Bruns’s formula. The gravity potential at each tide gauge benchmark (TGBM) in South Africa deviates from the potential of the global reference surface by 0.589,-1.993,-2.593 and 2.154 m2s-2 for Cape Town, Port Elizabeth, East London and Durban, respectively. The corresponding vertical datum offsets between the international height reference system and the four fundamental benchmarks over South Africa are 6.013, -20.347, -26.478, and 21.996 cm for Cape Town, Port Elizabeth, East London and Durban, respectively. These offsets can be used for the unification of the South African vertical datum at the four tide gauge benchmarks in a manner that is consistent to the international height reference system.
3D fiber models to simulate and optimize tissue materials
Authors: Morais Flávia P. , Carta Ana M. M. S. , Amaral Maria E. , Curto Joana M. R.
Published: July 2021

Tissue materials development using 3D computational tools to predict the influence of the combination of different fibers can be employed in the design of innovative tissue products and furnish optimization. Fibrous materials can be designed using different 3D fiber models for each type of fibers, detailed to the point where the wall fiber thickness, fiber lumen, and collapse degree are considered and presented in this work. Eucalyptus, Pinus, and Picea kraft cellulose pulp fibers were selected because they are representative of differentiated fiber types. The fiber morphological measurements were obtained using two methods: one uses the fibers in suspension, without restraints, and the other uses a capillary fiber alignment. The results indicate good repeatability for both methods but differences of 14% for fiber length weighted in length, 2% for fiber width, 11% for coarseness, 35% for curl, and 88% for fines content. Scanning electron microscopy images were used to identify the fiber dimensions inside the tissue structure. Four different types of fiber models for eucalyptus fibers, with different fiber wall thickness and lumen dimensions, were presented and used to predict 3D computational fibrous structures.
Dyeing process and mechanism of eucalyptus veneer with Pterocarpus macrocarpus Kurz heartwood pigment as natural dye
Authors: Zhang Qingshuo , Wei Liuming , Yang Yutong , Luo Chan , Zhu Zhu , Liu Zhigao , Fu Yunlin , Sun Jing
Published: July 2021

To make full use of the processing residues of Pterocarpus macrocarpus Kurz and reduce the environmental pollution caused by synthetic dyes, natural dye was extracted from Dalbergia bariensis Pierre heartwood. The purpose of the work was to prepare natural dyes of Pterocarpus macrocarpus and identify the key color-producing components to better explore the mechanisms of combination between dyes and eucalyptus veneers. The main components of Pterocarpus macrocarpus heartwood were analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole-electrostatic field Orbitrap high resolution-mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-EXACTIVE Orbitrap-MS). The best dyeing process and color fastness were measured. Research technology combining Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) was used to explore the binding mechanism between eucalyptus veneers and dyestuffs. The UPLC-Q-EXACTIVE Orbitrap-MS results showed 16 flavonoids. The optimal dyeing process parameters of eucalyptus veneer were a 90 °C dyeing temperature, 12 h dyeing time, 4 wt% pigment, and 2 wt% NaCl. The FTIR and FESM results revealed that the dyeing was mainly achieved by physical adsorption and intermolecular hydrogen bonding.
Recirculation of treated effluent in the bleaching of kraft pulp
Authors: Nascimben Santos Erika , Silva Claudia Mudadu , Colodette Jorge Luiz , de Almeida Samilly B. Zanith , Zanuncio Antonio José Vinha , de Souza Thiago Oliveira , Menezes Karyna da Silva , da Silveira Bruna Luíza Pesso , Paucar Yesenia Belén Llumiquinga
Published: July 2021

The bleaching plant of a kraft pulp mill is the sector that consumes water and generates effluent with the highest volume. Water recycling is an attractive option to reduce water consumption and effluent generation. This study evaluated the technical feasibility of using treated effluent as washing water in the bleaching stages. The bleaching sequence was simulated in the laboratory using four types of washing water: deionized water, whitewater, low organic load effluent, and high organic load effluent. To achieve 90% ISO pulp brightness, the ClO2 consumption increased from 8.1 kg ClO2 odt-1 when using water to 13.8 and 16.3 kgClO2 odt-1 for the low and high organic effluents. Physical and optical tests of the hand-sheet papers did not show any statistical difference between various washing waters. The filtrates showed values that did not burden the efficiency of the effluent treatment plant. It was possible to use effluent in the bleaching stages, considering that the filtrates and the produced paper complied with the quality standards.
Synthesis of water-soluble highly blocked (≥ 98%) isophorone diisocyanate using NaHSO3 and its effects on paper properties
Authors: Wang Ping , Shao Weilong , Wu Qin , Zhao Xin , Kong Fangong , Han Chenxiao
Published: July 2021

Isocyanate blocking can improve the long-term stability of isocyanate and reduce its toxicity for use in aqueous systems. The current isocyanate blocking technique has a low blocking degree, and this study designed a reasonable process route using tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) as the phase transfer catalyst in isopropyl alcohol (IPA) solvent to prepare water-soluble isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) blocked by NaHSO3 with a blocking degree of ≥ 98%. This work used 1% m (TBAB) / m (NaHSO3) with a m (IPA): m (H2O) ratio of 1 : 1; the NaHSO3 was prepared in a 15% aqueous solution. The n (HSO3−) : n (-NCO) ratio was greater than 1 : 1. The stirring speed was 200 r/min, the reaction temperature was 30 °C, and the reaction time was 2.5 h. FT-IR was used to analyze the changes in the main functional groups during the blocking reaction. TG and DCS were used to analyze the deblocking characteristics of water-soluble blocked IPDI. This paper also studied the effect of the blocked IPDI on paper properties. Experimental results showed that the strength and water resistance of paper made from the treated fiber can be remarkably improved by using water-soluble blocked IPDI.
On Self-Motions of Planar Stewart-Gough Platforms
Authors: Chiroiu Veturia , Brişan Cornel , Munteanu Ligia , Rugină Cristian
Published: July 2021

Given five pairs of attachment points of a planar platform, there exists a sixth point pair so that the resulting planar architecturally singular platform has the same solution for the direct kinematics. This is a consequence of the Prix Vaillant problem posed in 1904 by the French Academy of Science. The theorem discusses the displacements of certain or all points of a rigid body that move on spherical paths. Borel and Bricard awarded the prizes for two papers in this regard, but they did not solve the problem completely. In this paper, the theorem is extended to the elliptic paths in order to determine the displacements of certain or all points of a rigid body that move on super-ellipsoid surfaces. The poof is based on the trajectories of moving points which are intersections of two implicit super-ellipsoid surfaces.
Prevention of Drowning
Authors: Denny Sarah A. , Quan Linda , Gilchrist Julie , McCallin Tracy , Shenoi Rohit , Yusuf Shabana , Weiss Jeffrey , Hoffman Benjamin
Published: July 2021

Drowning is a leading cause of injury-related death in children. In 2018, almost 900 US children younger than 20 years died of drowning. A number of strategies are available to prevent these tragedies. As educators and advocates, pediatricians can play an important role in prevention of drowning.
Between Ideology and Utopia. Recent Discussions on John Paul II’s Theology of the Nation
Authors: Rojek Paweł
Published: July 2021

In my book Liturgia dziejów [The Liturgy of History] I proposed an interpretation of the thought of John Paul II in terms of Polish messianism. The book sparked many interesting discussions. In this article, I attempt to address some doubts about my interpretation of John Paul II’s theology of the nation. First, I clear up certain misunderstandings related to the ontological status of the nation. Then, I defend the necessary political dimension of Christianity. Finally, I point out the essentially utopian nature of Polish messianism. I aim to show that – contrary to the suggestions of some critics – a properly understood theology of the nation of John Paul II does not lead to the subordination of religion to politics; just the opposite, it provides criteria for Christian evaluation for any political order.
Сlinical features of malignant tumors against the background of immunosuppressive therapy in heart transplant recipients
Authors: Krougly L. B. , Koloskova N. N. , Nikulin A. V. , Pashkov I. V. , Poptsov V. N. , Shevchenko A. O.
Published: July 2021

As the survival rate of cardiac recipients improves, higher incidence of malignancy in the late postoperative period becomes essential for their prognosis. Immunosuppressive therapy is one of the key prerequisites for successful transplantation. However, long-term use of immunosuppressive agents increases the incidence of malignant tumors compared to the general population. The risk of their development after organ transplantation increases by 2–4 times compared to the general population. For patients who have undergone transplantation since 2000, the risk of developing malignant neoplasms 1–5 years after surgery is estimated at 10–12%. Timely comprehensive examination of patients, development of new immunosuppression schemes, treatment of those predisposing to the development of malignant neoplasms and giving up harmful habits will reduce the risk of malignant tumors and help diagnose these serious complications at an early stage, which, in turn, will increase the life expectancy of solid organ (particularly the heart) recipients.
Non-alcoholic Wernicke’s encephalopathy in a kidney transplant recipient
Authors: Kantariya R. O. , Vetchinnikova O. N. , Vatazin A. V. , Sherman L. A.
Published: July 2021

Background. Non-alcoholic Wernicke’s encephalopathy occurs in various somatic conditions with thiamine deficiency, excessive excretion of thiamine, or impaired thiamine metabolism. Very few cases of this pathology have been described in chronic kidney disease (CKD). We present a unique case of non-alcoholic Wernicke’s encephalopathy in a patient with a kidney transplant is presented.

Past medical history. The patient underwent kidney transplantation in 2008. Outpatient follow-up by a nephrologist was irregular. Renal graft function remained relatively stable: blood creatinine 200–240 μmol/L, estimated glomerular filtration rate 40–30 mL/min, tacrolimus plasma concentrations tended to increase (5.7–7.6–8.4–10.4 ng/mL); repeated graft biopsy (in 2015 and in 2017) determined the chronic toxicity of calcineurin inhibitors. The patient’s condition worsened in late January 2020: body temperature increased to 38°C, nausea, vomiting, loose, watery stools for up to 5 times per day, 8 kg weight loss, decreased diuresis. A few days later, double vision, shaky gait and then immobility appeared. Biochemical examination results: potassium 3.8 mmol/L, sodium 139 mmol/L, alpha-amylase 159 units/L (norm 0–100 units/L), creatinine 242 mmol/L, urea 13.2 mmol/L; ultrasound signs of pancreatitis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain: bilateral diffuse lesions of the midbrain, thalamus, and cerebellum. Based on the clinical picture and on brain MRI results, Wernicke’s encephalopathy was diagnosed. Parenteral administration of thiamine had a good effect.

Conclusion. Possible mechanisms of the development of Wernicke’s encephalopathy in a patient were discussed. Vigilance is required regarding this disease when metabolic disorders occur in patients with CKD.
Women and COVID-19: reflections for a sexual and reproductive rights-based obstetric care
Authors: Paes Luciana Braz de Oliveira , Salim Natália Rejane , Stofel Natália Sevilha , Fabbro Márcia Regina Cangiani
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: This essay aims to reflect on the repercussions of the pandemic in obstetric care in the light of sexual and reproductive rights, focusing on delivery and birth care. Results: The reflection shows that the pandemic has accentuated the violation of these rights, which is evidenced by racial inequalities in maternal mortality, as well as restrictions and interventions in childbirth care without scientific evidence, detour of resources, interruption of services, reduced human resources, shortage of medicines and supplies, and imbalances in the provision of health services. Conclusion: It is concluded obstetric care faces even greater barriers in access to health care, just as the pandemic of COVID-19 highlighted inequities, disproportionately impacting vulnerable populations whose human rights are less protected.
Teoria marxista da dependência: a contribuição teórica de Ruy Mauro Marini
Authors: Duarte Pedro Henrique Evangelista
Published: July 2021

Resumo O presente artigo tem como objetivo retomar duas categorias formuladas por Ruy Mauro Marini - superexploração da força de trabalho e subimperialismo - e suas respectivas articulações na compreensão das especificidades do desenvolvimento capitalista nos países periféricos e dependentes latino-americanos, a partir da forma particular que assumem na divisão internacional do trabalho. Adicionalmente, serão pontuados alguns elementos sobre a importância do aspecto político na obra de Marini, e como as supracitadas categorias são centrais na articulação de sua intepretação acerca dos problemas políticos, econômicos e sociais da América Latina, os quais poderiam ser equacionados somente a partir da própria superação do modo de produção capitalista.
Violência contra professores nas escolas brasileiras: determinantes e consequências
Authors: Plassa Wander , Paschoalino Pietro André Telatin , Bernardelli Luan Vinicius
Published: July 2021

Resumo Este artigo objetiva avaliar como as características sociodemográficas e do ambiente escolar afetam a probabilidade de violência contra o professor. De forma complementar, investiga o impacto da violência escolar sobre o conteúdo desenvolvido em classe, variável relacionada ao aprendizado dos alunos. Foram utilizados os dados do Sistema Nacional de Avaliação da Educação Básica (SAEB) de 2017, aliados aos modelos Logit e Logit multinominal. Os resultados mostram que características pessoais dos professores como ser homem, mais velhos e receber baixo salário aumentam a probabilidade de relatos de violência contra a vida. Além disso, professores que lecionam em classes formadas por maioria de alunos homens, não brancos, de famílias monoparentais e com educação materna baixa possuem maiores chances de relatar violência. Cabe destacar ainda que sofrer violência, seja ela física ou contra propriedade, diminui consideravelmente as chances de os professores desenvolverem o conteúdo programado.
The utopian dimension in the philosophy of social betterment in Adam Smith
Authors: Paganelli Maria Pia
Published: July 2021

Abstract Adam Smith does not focus on the creation of an ideal world, but on the understanding that societal changes for the better are an unintentional product of commerce. Furthermore, as if to highlight the concreteness of these changes, he sees population growth as the way to measure this betterment of society.
Use of phytase and citric acid supplementation on growth performance and nutrient digestibility of Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings fed on canola meal based diet
Authors: Arsalan M. Zubair-ul-Hassan , Hussain S. M. , Ali S. , Ahmad B. , Sharif A.
Published: July 2021

Abstract Fishmeal; being a limited and costly feed ingredient is continuously been substituted with locally available plant proteins. However, the occurrence of anti-nutritional factors in plant meal suppresses its potential to be fully replaced. Therefore, in this study we aimed to study the synergistic effects of dietary additives like citric acid and phytase enzyme supplementation on growth performance and nutrient digestibility of Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings. Canola meal (CM) was used as a test ingredient to replace fishmeal (FM) as; 0%, 25%, 50% and 75%. These four diets were further supplemented by varying levels of phytase (0 and 750 FTU kg-1) and citric acid (0% and 2.5%) to formulate total sixteen test diets as T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15 and T16. Each treatment contained three replicates; applied to fish groups having 15 fingerlings each; following 3×3 factorial arrangement. 1% of chromic oxide was added as an inert marker. Maximum weight gain% (288%) and the lowest value of FCR (1.07) were recorded when fish was fed on diet T12 as compared to fish fed control diet (T1). Similarly, optimum nutrient digestibility values such as crude protein (77%), crude fat (84%) and gross energy (70%) were noted on same level. It was concluded that 50% canola meal can optimally replace fishmeal when supplemented with phytase and citric acid at the levels of 750 FTU kg-1 and 2.5%, respectively.
Caminhos sinuosos até o Nordeste indígena: William Hohenthal Jr., antropólogo norte-americano na década de 1950
Authors: Menta Cyril
Published: July 2021

Resumo Este artigo é uma contribuição à história da etnologia e à antropologia do conhecimento. Ele analisa parte da trajetória biográfica do antropólogo norte-americano William D. Hohenthal Jr., interessando-se particularmente pelas circunstâncias que levaram este autor a realizar uma pesquisa empírica junto aos povos indígenas do Nordeste do Brasil, na década de 1950. Hohenthal Jr. foi um pioneiro: até então, pouco se sabia sobre esses povos e era comumente aceito que não existiam mais índios nessa região. Ele publicou dados históricos e etnográficos essenciais para gerações de pesquisadores e para os povos de hoje. Uma análise sobre a troca de cartas entre William Hohenthal Jr. e Robert Lowie, principalmente, nos ajuda a entender a elaboração de seu projeto de pesquisa, sob vários pontos de vista inédito. Isso nos permite considerar tal pesquisa realizada sob o ângulo de uma construção minuciosa, de um projeto inovador que foi necessário defender. Hohenthal Jr. preparou essa pesquisa no Nordeste a partir de 1945, passou por mal-entendidos com Lowie, enfrentou a falta de conhecimentos de Wagley na atribuição de uma bolsa, entre muitas outras peripécias.
HUMANITARISMO FORENSE ENTRE EXPERTISES TRANSNACIONAIS E TECNOLOGIAS DE GOVERNO: O caso da Vala de Perus
Authors: Azevedo Desirée de Lemos
Published: July 2021

Resumo A partir de reflexões produzidas no contexto de duas pesquisas etnográficas, este artigo aborda o desenvolvimento de uma tecnologia nacional para gestão dos corpos de desaparecidos políticos pela Ditadura (1964-1985) no Brasil. Mobilizando método histórico processual, exploro a construção da vala clandestina de Perus como caso forense, destacando o enredamento entre dois domínios de saber e poder sobre os mortos: o médico-legal institucionalizado na esfera policial e o humanitarismo forense transnacional. O objetivo é tratar as tensões interpostas ao desenvolvimento e ao exercício de um poder identificador humanitário como resultantes de disputas pelas autoridades que dele se desdobram, iluminando os aspectos disciplinares da identificação. Argumento que, ao constituir sujeitos a partir de atos analíticos e práticas de escrita, a identificação humanitária também os circunscrevem como geridos por saberes e fazeres que dão lugar a atos de governo.
ORIGEM DE CLASSE, GÊNERO E TRANSMISSÃO DAS DESIGUALDADES NO BRASIL
Authors: Santos José Alcides Figueiredo
Published: July 2021

O trabalho trata da transmissão intergeracional das desigualdades socioeconômicas usando dados recentes para o Brasil (PNAD 2014). Neste sentido, investiga a associação total e direta entre origem de classe e renda dos filhos, a evolução temporal desta associação, a associação direta em diferentes níveis de educação e a evolução dos retornos da educação, em geral e por origem de classe. Os padrões de associação são analisados considerando suas variações por gênero e níveis da distribuição da renda. O estudo utiliza regressão quantílica e estima diferenças proporcionais na renda dos filhos para demonstrar a força persistente do efeito direto da origem social privilegiada. Revela que a queda dos retornos da educação teve uma evolução mais favorável para a origem no topo social. Coloca em questão, para a sociedade brasileira, a hipótese do papel equalizador da educação superior nas desigualdades de origem, e mostra o papel de gênero na conversão do efeito de origem em resultados no destino. Assim, lança uma luz diferenciada sobre tendências da mobilidade social no Brasil.
Self-Compassion in University Students: An Integrative Literature Review
Authors: Pereira Mara Dantas , Silva Joilson Pereira da
Published: July 2021

The objective of this study was to review the scientific production, in search of gathering empirical evidence about self-compassion in college students. The integrative review included articles published from 2009 to 2021, indexed in PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science, in Portuguese, English or Spanish. A total of 183 files were found and, after the screening, eligibility and selection steps, 9 articles were included, following the PRISMA guidelines. The analysis of the results was categorized from two topics: (i) self-compassion-based interventions for academics and (ii) self-compassion as a protective psychological factor for the mental health of higher education students. The results showed that self-compassion is considered an important protective factor for positive psychological functioning and the development of constructs that reflect positive dimensions of mental health and academic performance in college students.
Deformational behavior and damage mechanism of R-UHPFRC beam subjected to fatigue loading
Authors: Sawicki Bartłomiej , Brühwiler Eugen , Bassil Antoine
Published: July 2021

The fatigue behavior of a reinforced UHPFRC (Ultra High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cementitious composite) T-shaped beam under four-point bending is investigated. The beam was subjected to a fatigue loading range equal to 49% of the static resistance and failed after 0.88 million cycles. It was instrumented with extensometers, strain gauges and distributed fiber optic sensors for strain monitoring. The fatigue process consists of three stages: with rapid, stable and again rapid growth of strains during 10%, 80% and 10% of total number of fatigue cycles, respectively. Except of the first 10%, this process takes place locally; therefore, it cannot be followed with the deflection measurement. During the stable stage, growth of strain occurs at minimum loading level in the fatigue cycle, indicating a fatigue damage process under tensile-compressive response of UHPFRC. Advanced fatigue crack propagation in the reinforcement bar determines the location of rupture of the beam. When the remaining cross-section of the rebar does not suffice to carry the tensile load, stress is transmitted to the encompassing UHPFRC causing its fast deterioration. Complete rupture of the rebar occurs only at the end of the test, when the beam collapses.
„Lehelyezett kő...” : M. Szabó Miklós altábornagy, akadémikus életműve
Authors: Horváth Miklós
Published: July 2021

A tragikus hirtelenséggel elhunyt M. Szabó Miklós az MTA levelező tagjaként 2002-ben megfogalmazott bemutatkozó írásában1 nagyapai-apai „örökségének” tartotta a történelem és a földrajz iránti szeretetét. Gyermekkorában a történelemmel való ismerkedését segítette, tette lehetővé a család több száz kötetes könyvtára.
Az éghajlatváltozás hatásai, mint a katonai erő előtt álló biztonsági kihívások
Authors: Padányi József
Published: July 2021

Az éghajlatváltozás okozta változások közvetlenül érintik a katonai erő életének minden szeletét. Igaz ez a működési elvek kialakítására, a kiképzésre, a haditechnikai eszközök fejlesztésére, a feladatokra és az együttműködés kérdéseire egyaránt. A katonai erő egyúttal maga is hozzájárul a változásokhoz, hiszen infrastruktúrájának fenntartása, az eszközök üzemeltetése mérhető kibocsátással jár. Van tehát teendő ezeken a területeken, melyet a hadtudomány képviselői már évek óta hangoztatnak, és a legtöbb országban meg is hallották hangjukat. A következőkben erről villantok fel néhány gondolatot.
Nagyhatalmi erőpozíciók és a magyar külkapcsolatok percepciója a magyar társadalomban
Authors: Szabó I. László
Published: July 2021

A tanulmányban kísérletet teszek a nagyhatalmi erőpozíciók és azon belül különösképpen az Amerikai Egyesült Államok világhatalmi pozíciójának, valamint a magyar-amerikai kapcsolatok magyar társadalmon belüli percepciójának feltárására, amelyre a magyarországi állandó lakóhellyel rendelkező felnőtt népességet reprezentáló 1000 fős mintán elvégzett véleménykutatás keretében került sor. Az erőpozíciót feltáró dimenziókban az Amerikai Egyesült Államok a második helyet foglalja el, ugyanakkor összességében mégis globális vezető hatalomként jelenik meg, mert a többi hatalom elhelyezkedésében nagyobb a szórás. A magyar külkapcsolatok tekintetében a közvélemény észleli a keleti nyitást, az összes megkérdezett 39%-a inkább oroszbarátnak, 12%-a inkább Kínabarátnak tartja a magyar kormány nemzetközi irányultságát, kiegyensúlyozottságot a nagyhatalmak irányába 27%-nyian feltételeznek.
The Impact of Counterinsurgency on Human Security : The case study of Iraq (2003-2011)
Authors: Shamieh Luna , Molnár Dóra
Published: July 2021

Iraq mosaic formed of the different minorities survived for a long while; a beauty that has not remained for long. The mosaic changed to ruins following the counterinsurgency. The war in Iraq led to a complete chaos against all aspects of the society. It has caused a massive influx of migration and displacement; it also led to fragmentation in the society that eventually culminated in deterioration in human security of all the people from different communities. The political, personal and community security issues and challenges are discussed in the study showing political repression, human rights violations, lack of rule of law and justice, physical violence, human trafficking, inter-ethnic tensions and terrorism.
Dinâmica espaço-temporal do uso e ocupação da terra no Município de Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil.
Authors:   UNICAMP – Universidade Estadual de Campinas, AYER JOAQUIM ERNESTO BERNARDES , LÄMMLE LUCA , GAROFALO DANILO FRANCISCO TROVO , MINCATO RONALDO LUIZ , SERVIDONI LUCAS EMANUEL , PEREIRA SUELI YOSHINAGA
Published: July 2021

The territorial planning in the Southeast Region of Brazil was marked by marked economic cycles of land use and occupation. To assess this dynamic, surveys of historical and natural data from Ribeirão Preto – SP. In this context, the method of space-temporal analysis was adopted, based on the mapping of land use and occupation, from the reconstitution of the map of the use of 1910, together with the mapping of satellite images and aerial photographs by the method of oriented classification the object of 1973, 1985, 1995, 2005, 2015, 2019. The objective was to quantify the uses, trace trends, evaluate the effectiveness of public policies and highlight potential and environmental risks. The maps reveal the growth and expansion of agricultural frontiers, which indicates a change in the region's economic base, which has gone from being a major coffee producer to a sugarcane and agribusiness production hub. Such changes reflect the drop in the price of coffee and the federal programs to encourage the production of sugar and ethanol. Thus, the land ownership structure has not undergone major changes and continues to be dominated by large properties, but now managed by holding companies and anonymous society. Urbanization took place at an accelerated rate and was driven by the green revolution, mainly from 1960, resulting in the strong rural exodus in the region. This process resulted in a series of socio-environmental impacts, related to irregular occupations of areas for housing and increased urban and rural violence, in addition to the increased demand for natural resources, such as, for example, the increased demand for water and consequently of the waters of the Guarani Aquifer System, which resulted in the lowering of the water table and caused restrictions on its use. In addition, the region's native vegetation has been almost completely deforested and the soils show signs of accelerated erosion locally, which tends to have a deleterious impact on surface water resources, which are already suffering from municipal and industrial effluent discharge. In this context, the Ribeirão Preto region is a global agricultural economic hub, which depends on its natural potential. Therefore, the sustainable planning of territorial use and occupation should have as a priority to protect and preserve these natural resources, given the historical dependence of the municipality on it.
Protocolo de Avaliação Rápida de Rios Urbanos (PARU) como ferramenta de monitoramento ambiental
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Paraná, CAMPOS JANAINA CASSIA , NUCCI JOÃO CARLOS
Published: July 2021

The development of protocols for an efficient monitoring of rivers quality is extremely important for urban planning. This paper shows up the Rapid Urban River Assessment Protocol (RUAP) and the results of its application in the Palmital River, located in an area of public water supply in the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba (RMC), in the State of Paraná - Brazil. Four points were analyzed in the lower third of the river and it was figured out with low quality status of the river and with environmental degradation. RUAP was proved to be a simple and accessible tool for monitoring river environments and that can be used by environmental agencies, as well as in formal and informal education of the population, supporting the popular participation in decision-making involving urban plannings.
Aplicação do Modelo Soil And Water Assesment Tool (Swat) na bacia hidrográfica do Ribeirão Taquaruçu.
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Tocantins, VERGARA FERNÁN , NODA FERNANDA , SOUZA DENER , MACIEL GIRLENE FIGUEIREDO , OLIVEIRA ROBERTA
Published: July 2021

The hydrological models are important tools to evaluate the hydrological behavior of watersheds, helping in the decision making. Thus, this study had the objective of evaluating the performance of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model in the flow simulation in the Ribeirão Taquaruçu Hydrographic Basin. Flow data from two fluviometric stations were used from April 2013 to August 2015. The results of the sensitivity analysis indicated that the most influential parameters are the SOL_K (saturated hydraulic conductivity of the soil) and CN2 (curve number for the condition II). The Nash-Sutcliffe (NSE) objective functions and the determination coefficient (R2) indicated, in the calibration period, the following values: -0.05 and 0.55 (sub-basin 1); 0.51 (sub-basin 3), respectively. In the validation period, the following results were presented for NSE and R2: 0.44 and 0.54 (sub-basin 1); 0.24 and 0.29 (sub-basin 3), in that order. Considering that the object of study is responsible for a large part of the water supply of Palmas - TO and that the program was unable to simulate the minimum flows adequately, the results are considered unsatisfactory
O papel dos privados na gestão de áreas protegidas: O caso da Fundação MO´Ã na Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural (RPPN) Estadual MO´Ã/BRASIL e da Irmandade da Penha no Monte da Penha/PORTUGAL.
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, CORRÊA LETÍCIA RAMIRES , FOLLMANN FERNANDA , FOLETO ELIANE , COSTA FRANCISCO DA SILVA , VIERA ANTÓNIO
Published: July 2021

The MO´Ã Foundation in Rio Grande do Sul / Brazil is a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) of Studies and Research for Environmental Protection and Development and works through actions and projects aimed at Environmental Education. In 2007 the MO´Ã Foundation acquired an area of 24 hectares of Atlantic Forest that was classified as a Private Reserve of Natural Heritage (RPPN), in 2015, after a long and complex process. In Guimarães, Portugal, the Sisterhood of Nossa Senhora do Carmo da owns about 60 hectares of the area where it receives the devotees and promotes the management of green space and the conservation of tourist infrastructure and religious heritage. In 2019, the Municipality of Guimarães submitted the application of Monte da Penha to a locally protected area, in a process still under evaluation by the Institute for the Conservation of Nature and Forests. The work presented aims to infer the role of the private sector in the administration and shared management of protected areas, in a comparative analysis between the MO´Ã Foundation and the Sisterhood of Penha. Based on a systematic review of a database in journals (CAPES, EBSCO, SCIELO, Open Access Scientific Repositories of Portugal), documents, fieldwork and interviews, we conclude that private institutions assume a fundamental relevance in the governance of areas protected, ensuring the main objective of these: the conservation and / or protection of nature in a sustainable way.
Esta tierra es mi tierra. Conflicto armado y propiedad rural en Urabá, Colombia
Authors:   Universidad EAFIT, Muñoz-Mora Juan Carlos , Giraldo Ramírez Jorge ,   Universidad EAFIT, Fortou Jose Antonio ,   Universidad EAFIT, Johansson Sandra Lillian ,   Universidad de los Andes
Published: July 2021

"Esta tierra es mi tierra" busca proveer una nueva lectura del conflicto armado en Urabá, enfatizando en cómo los distintos periodos de disputa territorial afectaron las estructuras de propiedad rural desde mediados del siglo xx. Para realizarlo, se identificaron y caracterizaron los mecanismos de transferencia de la tierra en diferentes momentos del combate y cómo modificaron la distribución de la misma. Dada la naturaleza de largo plazo que tienen los procesos de consolidación de la propiedad, se estudian con cuidado los años 2006 a 2011, inmediatamente anteriores a la negociación y firma del Acuerdo de Paz, que sentó las bases de la realidad que se vive actualmente en la zona. El análisis permite concluir, por ejemplo, que las características de los distintos modos de apropiación y transferencia de tierras deben ser tenidas en cuenta por la Fiscalía General de la Nación y otras agencias estatales colombianas a la hora de asignar predios o dirimir controversias sobre su restitución.
Gyroscope on de Broglie Waves: Intricate Things in Simple Words
Authors:   KRAVT LLC, St. Petersburg, Russia, Voronov A.S. ,   ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Rivkin B.S. ,   Concern CSRI Elektropribor, JSC, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Published: July 2021

The paper addresses the operating principles of a gyroscopic de-vice of a new type: a gyroscope on de Broglie waves. The sensitive element of such a gyroscope is an atomic interferometer, whose main components are described and the technical challenges of its development are discussed. The target audience of this paper is the readers who do not have a profound knowledge of the quantum physics.
Development of Films, Based on Oxidized Ipomea Batatas Starch, with Protein Encapsulation
Authors:   , Alvarez-Barreto José
Published: July 2021

Dialdehyde starches (DAS) have been used as biomaterials due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability; nonetheless, sweet potato (Ipomea batatas L.) starch has not been researched. Films based on sweet potato DAS, mixed with native starch (NS), poly-vinyl alcohol (PVA) and glycerin have been developed with protein encapsulation, using central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM). Input variables were oxidation degree, NS concentration and polymeric mixture volume, while output variables were film's thickness, equilibrium swelling and BSA (Bovine serum albumin) release. DAS was obtained through hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) oxidation, and the oxidation degree is referred to as H2O2 concentration. Films presented rough surfaces, and formulations containing 10% H2O2 DAS presented micropores. Water uptake was greater with higher DAS content. Film thickness depended on the volume of the polymeric suspension and influenced swelling capacity. According to RSM, the optimal formulation was DAS with 5% H2O2 and 35% NS. These results demonstrate that oxidized sweet potato starch has potential for protein encapsulation and delivery.
HMW DNA fromAphanomyces cochlioides v1
Authors: Botkin Jacob , Childs Kevin , K Chanda Ashok , D Hirsch Cory
Published: July 2021

This protocol was used to extract high molecular weight (HMW) DNA from Aphanomyces cochlioides for MinION (Oxford Nanopore) long-read sequencing, which was used for de novo genome assembly. A gel electrophoresis analysis showed that there was a band around 48 kb, a band above 48 kb, and a band in the gel well. With the modified genomic-tips procedure we describe here, each 1 gram sample of A. cochlioides mycelium yielded approximately 6 - 11 micrograms of DNA.
Desain Prototype Sistem Kendali dan Pelacakan Pada Mesin Boat
Authors: Saputra Rizky Edi , Aulia Suci , Rangkuti Syahban
Published: July 2021

Indonesia is an archipelago country with more than 70% of its territory consisting of water. Due to these geographical conditions, many Indonesian people rely on water transportation as a means of crossing transportation. However, many of the crossings in Indonesia still use a manual control system in determining the direction of the boat. In this study, a prototype control and tracking system designed for a boat engine can be used as an automatic control system (autopilot) in water transportation. This system is created using a waypoint control system that can navigate automatically to a predetermined location. This control system is designed with an electric control system that utilizes a microcontroller, GPS (Global Positioning System) module, and compass module as a navigation control device. From the test results, it can be concluded that the level of accuracy of the GPS coordinates reading is as far as 4.8 meters and based on the test of the waypoint navigation system , the system accuracy level is 10.8 meters.
Deshelled Carica papaya Seeds as Natural Coagulant for Improvement Quality of River Water
Authors: Amran Amir Hariz , Zaidi Nur Syamimi , Muda Khalida , Bahrodin Muhammad Burhanuddin , Liew Wai Loan
Published: July 2021

This study evaluated the efficiency of deshelled papaya seeds as the natural coagulant in improving quality of river water. The deshelled papaya seeds biomass was mainly characterized for functional groups using FTIR, surface charge and protein content. Coagulation and flocculation tests were conducted using batch test for various dosages and pH values. The optimum dosage and pH were then tested in treating river of Class III to Class V. The functional groups in deshelled papaya seeds were O-H, C=O and C-O groups. The surface charge and protein content was +0.4 meq/g and 363 mg/g, respectively. The deshelled papaya seeds coagulant was able to remove turbidity up to 87.6 and 88.3% for river of Class III and Class IV, respectively, as well as 57.6 and 62.1% of total coliform and escherichia coli, respectively, from Class III river at dosage 196 mg/L and pH 4. This study demonstrated that the deshelled Carica papaya seeds-derived coagulant is capable in treating common pollutants of river and simultaneously shows antibacterial properties.
Characterization of Indoor Air Quality in Relation to Ventilation Practices in Hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Nimra Afzal , Ali Zulfiqar , Ahmad Nasir Zaheer , Tyrrel Sean , Sidra Safdar
Published: July 2021

Temporal variations of particulate matter (PM) and carbon dioxide (CO2 ) in orthopedic wards and emergency rooms of different hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan were investigated. Hospitals were classified into two groups, I (centrally air-conditioned) and II (non-central air-conditioned) based on the ventilation system. Statistical analysis indicated significantly lower PM and CO2 levels in centrally air-conditioned hospitals in comparison to non-central air-conditioned. The low indoor-outdoor (I/O) ratio of PM2.5 in the ward and emergency rooms of group I (0.62, 0.45) as compared to group II (0.70, 0.83), respectively, suggested that indoor spaces equipped with central air-conditioning systems efficiently filter particulates as compared to non- central air conditioning systems. Apart from the ventilation type, increased visitor and doctors’ activities, and cleaning sessions were observed to contribute significantly to indoor air quality. This study adds up to the understanding of temporal variations in PM emissions and the role of ventilation systems in context of hospitals in the urban centers in Pakistan. The findings can inform the development of intervention strategies to maintain the appropriate air quality in health care built environment in developing countries.