bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Antara Gaya Kepemimpinan Dan Kepribadian Dengan Etos Kerja Pegawai di Kantor Kecamatan Bongomeme Kabupaten Gorontalo
Authors: Ishak Siwin C. , Hulukati Wenny
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mengetahui hubungan gaya kepemimpinan dengan etos kerja pegawai di Kantor Kecamatan Bongomeme Kabupaten Gorontalo; 2) mengetahui hubungan kepribadian dengan etos kerja pegawai di Kantor Kecamatan Bongomeme Kabupaten Gorontalo; dan 3) mengetahui hubungan antara gaya kepemimpinan dan kepribadian dengan etos kerja di Kantor Kecamatan Bongomeme Kabupaten Gorontalo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian korelasi yang menghubungkan tiga variabel yang terdiri dari variabel Gaya Kepemimpinan (X1), variabel Kepribadian (X2) dan variabel Etos Kerja Pegawai (Y). Subjek yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 30 orang yang merupakan pegawai yang bekera di lingkungan Kantor Kecamatan Bongomeme Kabupaten Gorontalo. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) hasil pengujian pertama mengindikasikan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara gaya kepemimpinan pimpinan (X1) dengan etos kerja pegawai (Y), yang ditunjukkan koefisien korelasi sederhana diperoleh koefisien ry1 sebesar 0,02 dan koefisien determinasi r2y1 sebesar 0,004; 2) hasil pengujian kedua menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kepribadian pimpinan (X2) dengan etos kerja pegawai (Y), yang ditunjukkan koefisien korelasi sederhana diperoleh koefisien ry1 sebesar 0,99 dan koefisien determinasi r2y1 sebesar 1; dan 3) hasil pengujian ketiga menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara gaya kepemimpinan (X1) dan kepribadian pimpinan (X2) dengan etos kerja pegawai (Y), yang ditunjukkan koefisien korelasi multiple regresi. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa makin tinggi nilai gaya kepemimpinan dan kepribadian pemimpin yang ditunjukkan dalam kinerjanya, maka akan semakin tinggi etos kerja pegawai.
Kinerja Penilik Kesetaraan dan Keaksaraan di Kabupaten Gorontalo
Authors: Laha Maety B.
Published: April 2020

Dalam rangka pencapaian pendidikan nonformal dibutuhkan pula adanya pendidik maupun tenaga kependidikan yang bergerak dibidang pendidikan nonformal. Salah satu unsur tenaga kependidikan pendidikan nonformal yang memiliki peran strategis dalam mendorong perubahan dan meningkatkan mutu pendidikan nonformal adalah penilik. Sebagaimana yang tercantum dalam rancangan peraturan menteri negara pemberdayagunaan aparatur negara dan reformasi birokrasi nomor 14 tahun 2014 tentang jabatan penilik fungsional dan angka kreditnya, Penilik adalah jabatan fungsional yang mempunyai ruang lingkup, tugas, tanggungjawab, dan wewenang untuk melakukan kegiatan pengendalian mutu dan evaluasi dampak program pendidikan.
MCF-7 İnsan Meme Kanseri Hücre Soyunda Doksorubisin Öncesi ve Sonrası GST İzozimlerinin, İlaç Dirençlilik Proteinlerinin ve Apoptotik Etkisinin Araştırılması
Authors: KAYA KOÇDOĞAN Arzu , OĞUZTÜZÜN Serpil , GÜLER ŞİMŞEK Gülçin , TÜRK Mustafa
Published: April 2020

Amaç: Kanser hastalığının tedavisinde karşılaşılan klinik sorunlardan biri hastalara uygulanan kemoterapiye karşı tümör hücrelerinin geliştirdiği dirençtir. Tümör hücrelerinin ilaçlara karşı gösterdiği direncin asıl kaynaklarından biri, ilaçların hücre dışına atılmasını sağlayan membran proteinlerinin en önemli üyelerinden ABC (ATP-binding cassette) taşıyıcı proteinleridir. İlaç dirençlilik proteinlerinin yanında diğer hücre içi proteinlerinde etkin olabileceği bilinmektedir. Bu bağlamda, alkilleyici özellikteki kanser ilaçlarına gelişen dirençte, hücre içi glutatyon ve glutatyon S- konjugatlarının seviyelerinin artmasının rolünün olduğu bildirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) meme kanseri hücre hattında Glutatyon S-transferaz (GST) izozimlerinin çoklu ilaç direnç mekanizmasındaki bazı önemli proteinlerin doksorubisin uygulamasıyla ilişkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem: Bu çalışmada ilaç uygulanmış ve uygulanmamış meme kanserli MCF-7 hücre hattında GST enzim ailesi ve ABC taşıyıcı proteinlerin ekspresyon ifadeleri immünositokimya yöntemiyle incelenmiştir.Bulgular: Bu çalışmada, ilaç uygulanmış hücre hatlarında GSTP1, GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTA1, GSTO1, GSTZ1 ve GSTK1 protein ifadelerinin ilaç uygulanmamış hücrelere oranla daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür; GSTS1 proteini kontrol ve deney gruplarının ikisinde de tespit edilememiştir. İlaç uygulanmış MCF-7 hücre hattında MRP (Multidrug resistance-associated) 2,3,6,7 protein ifadelerinin ilaç uygulanmamış hücrelere oranla daha fazla olduğu görülmüştür. MDR1 (multidrug resistance protein) ve MRP1 proteinleri izlenememiştir. İlaç uygulanmış meme kanserli MCF-7 hücre hattında Bcl-2, p53, p38, caspase-3 protein ifadelerinin ilaç uygulanmamış hücrelere oranla daha fazla olduğu görülmüştür.Sonuç: ABC süper ailesi üyelerinden MRP 2,3,6 ve 7 ile Faz II enzimleri arasında bulunan GSTP1, GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTA1, GSTO1, GSTZ1 ve GSTK1 izozimlerinin, MCF-7 kanser hücre hattında doksorubisine karşı oluşan ilaç dirençliliğinde rolleri olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Metoklopramid Kullanımı Sonrası Gelişen Malign Nöroleptik Sendrom: Olgu Sunumu
Authors: ALKAN ÇEVİKER Sevil , YILDIZ Emel , YILMAZ Mustafa
Published: April 2020

Malign nöroleptik sendrom (MNS), antipsikotik ilaçların nadir görülen bir yan etkisidir. Sendrom, rijidite, titreme, taşikardi, ateş yüksekliği, bilinç değişikliği, otonomik disfonksiyon, yüksek serum kreatinin fosfokinaz (CPK) ve lökositoz ile karakterize olan bir tablodur. Antipsikotik ilaç kullanan hastalarda MNS insidansı %0,02-3 arasında değişir. Etiyolojide antiemetiklerin kullanımı, elektrolit düzensizlikleri (özellikle hipopotasemi), organik beyin sendromu, malnütrisyon da rol oynayabilir. MNS, yaşamı tehdit eden bir durum olup, tanı ve tedavisinde zorluk olabilir. Bu olgu sunumunda, bilinen kronik hastalığı olmayan hastada gelişen tedavisi ve tanısında oldukça zorlandığımız bir malign nöroleptik sendrom olgusunun sunulması amaçlanmıştır.
Investigation of Home Health Services and Expectations of Patients and Patient Relatives: A Study Case in Bakirkoy District
Authors: TAMER Gülay
Published: April 2020

Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the expectations and demands of patients and their relatives' in-home health care. In the scope of the study, narrow area as the study was being carried out in the Bakirkoy district of Istanbul province.Method: In the scope of the study, questionnaires were distributed to 83 people in Istanbul who were satisfied with home health care services, but 70 people were returned. The analysis was conducted on 70 people. The research is a descriptive survey model. A questionnaire was used as a data collection tool. The questionnaire forms consist of questions about demographic and home health service evaluation scale. Results: When the opinions of the patients and their relatives were evaluated in terms of home care services, the mean values of all expressions in the home health service evaluation questionnaire were over 4. Conclusion: This indicates that patients who are receiving home care services and their relatives have positive perceptions about home care services. The satisfaction of the patients and their relatives are very high for home care services.
İç Hastalıkları Kliniğine Yatışı Yapılan Diyabetes Mellitüs Tanılı Hastaların Birimlerine Göre Maliyet Analizi
Authors: ŞEKER Ömer , KÖROĞLU Mehmet , OKUTURLAR Yıldız
Published: April 2020

Amaç: Gelişmiş ülkelerde Diyabetes Mellitüs (DM) tanılı hastaların yıllık giderleri değerlendirildiğinde giderlerin hastane yatışı ve tedaviler, komplikasyonların tedavisi, antidiyabetik ilaçlar ve ajanlar, doktor ziyaret ücretleri, hemşirelik ve bakım hizmetleri ve acil servis başvuruları için harcandığı görülmüştür. Bu çalışmada İç Hastalıkları kliniğine yatırılan hastaların maliyet analizleri planlanlanmıştır. Yöntem: Bu çalışmada 01.01.2011-30.09.2014 tarihleri arasında İç Hastalıkları kliniğine yatırılan Tip 1 ve Tip 2 DM tanısı alan hastalar bilgisayar verilerinden taranmıştır. Hastaların yaş, cinsiyet, yatış süreleri, yıllara göre yatış dağılımı, kaç kez yattıkları, sosyal güvenceleri, toplam yatış maliyetleri ve birimlere göre yatış maliyetleri gruplandırılarak kaydedilmiştir.Bulgular: Diyabet tanılı hastaların yıllık giderlerini araştıran birçok çalışma ile birlikte bu çalışma değerlendirdiğimizde giderler içerisinde ilaç harcamalarının ve laboratuvar tetkiklerinin yanı sıra komplikasyonların tanısı ve tedavisinin de önemli yer tuttuğunu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada medikal tedavilerin, laboratuvar analizlerinin, yatak ücretlerinin yanında hemodiyaliz giderlerinin ön planda olması beklenildiği gibi hasta grubunda renal komplikasyonların sık görülmesiyle açıklanabilir. Bu çalışma, yurtdışındaki benzer çalışmalarla karşılaştırıldığında hekim vizitlerinin maliyete katkısının oldukça düşük olduğunu saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Tüm elde edilen veriler göz önüne alındığında; giderek daha önemli bir sağlık problemi olan Diyabetes Mellitüs tedavisinde daha başarılı olmak ve maliyeti düşürebilmek amacıyla hastaların hastalık ve komplikasyonları hakkında detaylı bilgilendirilmesinin ve düzenli aralıklarla doktor tarafından takip edilmesinin önemli olduğu kanaatine varılmıştır.
COVID-19; An Update on the Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic
Authors: Chakravorty Subarna
Published: April 2020

In an unprecedented show of scientific solidarity and collaboration across the globe, research on the novel SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) virus has progressed at a pace that could almost match the virus’s relentless movement through communities. This has been a pandemic like no other. Whilst it is hard to speculate how the world will emerge at the end of this, there is little doubt that scientists are trying to rise up to its challenge in a way that has never been seen before. As of the 21st of March 2020, the National Library of Medicine research repository has a collection of nearly 1000 articles on Covid-19, a novel virus whose genome was sequenced less than 12 weeks ago12. Almost all these articles were published in February and March 2020, reflecting the explosion of global research activity on this virus.
The Christian woman as a weaker, but honoured vessel (1 Pt 3:7): Forbidden to act in persona Christi
Authors: Slater Jennifer
Published: April 2020

This article presents a Christian liturgical leader as an empty, but useful vessel whose strength is made perfect by the reliance on God’s grace. The word vessel is often used in the Bible, and in English terms it translates to be either a container such as a bowl or a jug, or either a ship or a boat. The biblical meaning denotes a person whom God calls and uses as a vessel. The metaphor of a leader as a useful vessel, refers to a person that is receptive. Paul in 2 Timothy 2: 20–21 clearly proclaims that vessels come as useful ones and not so useful ones; some bring honour and others dishonour – the choice belongs to each individual and is illustrated in 2 Corinthians 4:7: ‘… but we have this treasure in earthen vessels, that the excellency of the power may be of God, and not of us’. While the task of Christian liturgical leadership is ambiguous and complex, this article refers to someone called to exercise authority and leadership in the way as Jesus called Paul, namely as ‘a chosen vessel of Mine to bear my name before Gentiles, kings, and the children of Israel’ (Ac 9:15). On the flip side, this brings in a challenging equation of 1 Peter 3:7 where the woman is termed ‘the weaker vessel’ that ‘should be honoured …’. From this perspective, this article explores what impact this problematic passage has on women’s liturgical leadership and practice, especially in the Roman Catholic ecclesiastical culture. It presents a functional biblical vision derived from an understanding that leaders are the vessels that God calls and uses, and that they are guided by a biblical spirituality of leadership. This leadership is consistent with the democratic tradition within Christianity that emphasises dialogue with the Holy Spirit.
Documentation of Local Health Traditions of Yadgir District, Karnataka
Authors: Naik Raghavendra , Doddamani Shashidhar H , Rao V Rama , Shiddamallayya N , Dixit Amit K , Rath Chinmay , Mangal Anupam K
Published: April 2020

Aim:

The traditional medicinal practice in India includes different aspects of health such as prevention, promotion, and healing. Since there is need for documenting this traditional medicinal practice prevalent in different parts of the country for the preservation of the knowledge, the present study was undertaken to record the traditional knowledge of medicine from Yadgir district of Karnataka.

Materials and methods:

A Medico-Ethno Botanical survey was undertaken in the Yadgir district of Karnataka between September and December 2017. Data were collected from traditional healers and locals by means of personal interviews using a prescribed format.

Results:

A total of 20 folk claims used for the treatment of 16 different disease conditions were recorded. The remedies were mostly prepared in the form of decoction, paste, poultice, juice, etc. and were mainly taken orally. Eczema, paralysis, toothache, wound obesity, diabetes, fever, jaundice, fracture, cough, anemia etc. are some of the diseases usually treated by traditional practitioners. Only single ingredient was used in 16 documented claims whereas remaining 4 are compound preparations having more than one ingredient. It is observed that, most of the medicinal plants are used in fresh form, after collecting from their natural habitat whenever necessary.

Conclusion:

Since the documentation of traditional knowledge on medicinal uses of plants is vital for the future generation, this study could serve an important role in fulfilling this purpose.

Clinical significance:

The documented data can also serve as a base for the development of new medicines by scientific studies.
Multiplication of Bharangi—Clerodendrum serratum (L.) Moon
Authors: Gurav Arun M , Mhase Archana G , Nirawane Rekha R , Kolhe Rasika , Goli Penchala P , Mangal Anupam K , Srikanth Narayanam
Published: April 2020

Aim:

To develop effective in vitro multiplication protocol for rare and endangered medicinal plants of Clerodendrum serratum (L.) Moon.

Materials and methods:

Trials were carried out using nodal segments as explants, which were inoculated on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) plain medium and different concentrations of phytohormones viz., benzylaminopurine (BAP), kinetin (Kn), indol-3-butyric acid (IBA), indol-3-acetic acid (IAA), and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and incubated for 8 hours of photoperiod using cool- white fluorescent tubes with a light intensity of 3,000 lux at 22°C + 2°C.

Results:

The maximum (7.0 ± 0.045) numbers of shoots were developed from the nodal segment inoculated on MS fortified with BAP (4 mg/L) ± 0.1 % polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) with shoots of 1.72 ± 0.018 cm height. Auxin BAP at 4 mg/L proved to be effective for bud proliferation and production of multiple shoots. The best and early root induction was achieved on MS + IBA (1–4 mg/L).

Conclusion:

The developed in vitro protocol would be beneficial for the fast multiplication of bharangi plants and help to minimize the burden on supply and demand, so that the huge demand for the drug is fulfilled and also helpful to protect the plant.
Transient polycythemia during diabetic ketoacidosis triggered by dengue fever in a middle-aged woman
Authors: Insiripong Wattana , Insiripong Somchai
Published: April 2020

Either dengue fever or diabetic ketoacidosis can cause the high hemoglobin concentration due to intravascular volume loss. When both entities were found together as in our case, the hemoglobin concentration could access the strikingly high level until either of them could not contribute it. She was a Thai woman with 46 years of age presenting with fever, fatigue and severe sore throat for a few days. The physical examination showed she had mild dyspnea and oral thrush, the temperature was 36.4 degree Celsius, and her pulse rate was 102/min. Her blood tests showed: Hb 18.3 g%, WBC 9,850/mm3, atypical lymphocyte 10%, platelet 16,000/mm3, MCV 89.2 fl, Dengue NS1 antigen-positive, dengue IgG-positive, IgM-weakly positive, KOH preparation of curd from buccal mucosa-positive for budding yeasts and pseudo-hyphae, blood sugar 442 mg%, triglyceride 578 mg%, Na 122.8 mEq/L, K 6.28 mEq/L, Cl 90.6 mEq/L, CO2 9.2 mEq/L, blood ketone 53.6 mmol/L, lactate 4.5 mmol/L, pH 7.257, pCO2 27.4 mmHg, HCO3 11.9 mmo/L, BUN 22.9 mg%, creatinine 0.64 mg%, AST 375 U/L, ALT 224 U/L, alkaline phosphatase 151 U/L. She was diagnosed as having diabetes with diabetic ketoacidosis, dengue fever and polycythemia. She was immediately treated with intravenous fluid therapy to correct the metabolic acidosis, electrolyte imbalance and dehydration, insulin for hyperglycemia, clotrimazole for oral thrush and platelet transfusion. Her high hemoglobin level was dramatically lowered until became normal within one day of therapy whereas she also recovered from DKA although the platelet was progressively lowered every day. It suggested that transient polycythemia was solely contributed by DKA that was triggered by dengue fever hence DKA from dengue fever should be added in the list of unusual causes of transient polycythemia.
Serological and genotyping study of rare cis-AB01/O01 in the area of Inner Mongolia - with a case report
Authors: Wang Chunhai , Wang Wenmei , Huang Hualiang
Published: April 2020

The antigen gene of ABO blood group system, called ABO, is located on human chromosome 9, with a total length of 19.5 kb. It is the first blood group system found by human beings.[1] ABO blood group subtypes are formed by ABO genovariation, i.e., gene A variation for A subtype, gene B variation for B subtype and gene O variation for new O alleles. ABO subtypes contain A3, Ax, Ael, Aw, Am, B3, Bx, Bel, Bw, cis-AB, B (A). Generally, an individual with AB blood group has an A allele on one chromosome, with B allele on its paired chromosome. This phenomenon is called trans-AB. However, cis-AB is a unique ABO phenotype that A and B alleles are located on the same chromosome, so that it can be inherited by the next generation.[2] This special mode of inheritance often causes a discrepancy of ABO blood grouping and then reduces the effectiveness and safety of blood transfusion.Therefore, to accurately identify the blood group of cis-AB is a precondition for  the safety of blood transfusion.[3] The serological and genotyping analysis on a case of cis-AB patient in our hospital is reported as follows.
Does Teacher Education Program Affect on Development of Teacher Candidates’ Bioethical Values, Scientific Literacy Levels and Empathy Skills?
Authors: Turgut Duygu , Yakar Zeha
Published: April 2020

The aim of this study is to evaluate science teacher candidates based on bioethical values, scientific literacy level and empathy skills and to determine their associations. Therefore, descriptive model was used for the study. The sample of the study consists total of 286 teacher candidates from first, second, third and fourth grade of Faculty of Education Science Teaching department. Results of the study revealed that bioethical values for “Benefits of Biotechnology Applications”, “Science and Ethics”, “Reproductive Technologies and Cloning”, “Controlling the Genetic Interventions” subscales were increased with school year in science teacher candidates. In addition, science literacy of science teacher candidates for “Nature of Science” and “Science-Technology-Society Relation” subscales were also increased with school year. The study also found a positive relation between bioethical values for two subscales of bioethical values, “Benefits of Biotechnology Applications” and “Controlling the Genetic Interventions”, and science literacy for “Nature of Science” subscales in science teacher candidates. Similarly, a positive relation was found between bioethical values for two subscales, “Benefits of Biotechnology Applications” and “Controlling the Genetic Interventions”, and science literacy for “Science-Technology-Society Relation” subscale in science teacher candidates. Analysis results showed a positive relation between bioethical values and empathy skills of science teacher candidates. In other words, the higher the teacher’s empathy skills, the higher their bioethical values.
Toxocara Prevalence in Soil and Humans in Vladivostok: A Long-term Study
Authors: Shchelkanov Michail , Moskvina Tatyana , Nesterova Yulia , Zakjarova Galina , Tatyana Khomichuk , Galkina Irina , Kiseleva Marina
Published: April 2020

Background: Toxocariasis is a zoonotic parasitosis with worldwide distribution. Environmental contamination with Toxocara eggs is a main source of human infections. In Russia, particular in Vladivostok, knowledge regarding the current situation, including distribution and environmental contamination by Toxocara spp., is largely unknown. Objectives: The present study investigated environmental contamination with Toxocara spp. eggs, in soil samples collected from sandpits and public parks in Vladivostok, Russia during 23-month period. Methods: A total of 260 soil samples from sandpits and 155 samples from public parks were collected during July 2015 to December 2017. Soil samples were tested by sedimentation/flotation technique. Seroprevalence of Toxocara antibody in human was analyzed using Toxocara canis IgG ELISA assay. Results: Overall, the annual prevalence of Toxocara spp. in sandpits varied between 20% - 23% the annual prevalence of Toxocara spp. in public parks varied between 25% - 42% in different years. The average number of Toxocara spp. varied from 0 to 220 eggs per 1 kg over the 3-years study period. The highest prevalence was registered in summer period. The significant correlation appeared between Toxocara spp. contamination rates in sandboxes and parks and the Toxocara prevalence in humans in 2016 year. Conclusions: Current study demonstrates that it is necessary to promote preventive public health measures to avoid soil contamination.
A Novel Modification of Adomian Decomposition Method for Singular BVPs of Emden-Fowler Type
Authors: Alaqel Somaia Ali , Hasan Yahya Qaid
Published: April 2020

In this paper, we apply a novel Modied of Adomian Decomposition Method (MADM) for solving Singular Boundary Value Problems (BVPs) of Emden-Fowler type of higher order. The higher-order Emden-Fowler equation is characterized by two types. In addition, we test the presented method by several linear and nonlinear examples, and compared the numerical result with the exact solution to illustrate performance and reliability of this method in nding approximate solutions as well as its successful in getting the complete solution in many case.
Neurotoxicity after hematopoietic stem cell transplant in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Thebault Simon , Lee Hyunwoo , Bose Gauruv , Tessier Daniel , Abdoli Mohammad , Bowman Marjorie , Berard Jason , Walker Lisa , Rush Carolina A. , MacLean Heather , Booth Ronald A. , Narayanan Sridar , Arnold Douglas L. , Tabard‐Cossa Vincent , Atkins Harold L. , Bar‐Or Amit , Freedman Mark S.
Published: April 2020

Objective

Accelerated brain volume loss has been noted following immunoablative autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (IAHSCT) for multiple sclerosis. As with other MS treatments, this is often interpreted as ‘pseudoatrophy’, related to reduced inflammation. Treatment‐related neurotoxicity may be contributory. We sought objective evidence of post‐IAHSCT toxicity by quantifying levels of Neurofilament Light Chain (sNfL) and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (sGFAP) before and after treatment as markers of neuroaxonal and glial cell damage.

Methods

Sera were collected from 22 MS patients pre‐ and post‐IAHSCT at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months along with 28 noninflammatory controls. sNfL and sGFAP quantification was performed using the SiMoA single‐molecule assay.

Results

Pre‐IAHSCT levels of sNfL and sGFAP were elevated in MS patients compared with controls (geometric mean sNfL 21.8 vs. 6.4 pg/mL, sGFAP 107.4 vs. 50.7 pg/mL, P = 0.0001 for both). Three months after IAHSCT, levels of sNfL and sGFAP increased from baseline by 32.1% and 74.8%, respectively (P = 0.0029 and 0.0004). sNfL increases correlated with total busulfan dose (P = 0.034), EDSS score worsening at 6 months (P = 0.041), and MRI grey matter volume loss at 6 months (P = 0.0023). Subsequent NfL levels reduced to less than baseline (12‐month geometric mean 11.3 pg/mL P = 0.0001) but were still higher than controls (P = 0.0001). sGFAP levels reduced more slowly but at 12 months were approaching baseline levels (130.7 pg/mL).

Interpretation

There is direct evidence of transient CNS toxicity immediately after IAHSCT which may be chemotherapy mediated and contributes to transient increases in MRI atrophy.
Multisensitive Swelling of Hydrogels for Sensor and Actuator Design
Authors: Ehrenhofer Adrian , Binder Simon , Gerlach Gerald , Wallmersperger Thomas
Published: April 2020

A main characteristic of hydrogels is their multisensitivity, i.e., the material's capability to respond to multiple stimuli such as temperature, chemical concentration or light. Most modeling approaches to swelling in the literature deal with the monosensitive behavior of hydrogels. Herein, two approaches to the modeling of multisensitive sensors and actuators are proposed: the N‐field method and the trajectory method. They are derived using experimental data of the bisensitive hydrogel [net‐P(AMPS‐co‐NiPAAm)]‐sipn‐PAMPS. It is sensitive to sodium salt concentration and temperature. For the trajectory method, the procedure for the generalized representation of the material behavior is presented. Applying the Temperature Expansion Model, this is implemented in Abaqus and the results of verification simulations are given. The trajectory method is capable of representing the multisensitive behavior of hydrogels. The method is easy to implement in commercial Finite Element tools based on the free‐swelling data of the material. Simulation results of the free swelling are in excellent agreement with the given calibration data. The obtained swelling behavior can be combined with mechanical loads and arbitrary boundary conditions to form more complex setups. The current work allows a deeper understanding of complex multifunctional materials, such as hydrogels, and their application in sensor or actuator devices.
Near‐optimal time series sampling based on the reducedHessian
Authors: Chen Weifeng , Biegler Lorenz T.
Published: April 2020

A model‐based experimental design strategy is developed to select a minimal set of measured points from a time series of experiments. Based on reduced Hessian information embedded within a mixed integer nonlinear program, an optimal time series is determined that leads to well‐fitted models, with ratios of parameter standard deviation to estimated value within acceptable bounds. Demonstrated on three examples, the proposed approach is effective and efficient especially for time‐consuming and expensive measurements.
An Artemisinin‐Derivative–(NHC)Gold(I) Hybrid with Enhanced Cytotoxicity through Inhibition of NRF2 Transcriptional Activity
Authors: Zhang Chen , Fortin Pierre‐Yves , Barnoin Guillaume , Qin Xue , Wang Xing , Fernandez Alvarez Alvaro , Bijani Christian , Maddelein Marie‐Lise , Hemmert Catherine , Cuvillier Olivier , Gornitzka Heinz
Published: April 2020

A family of hybrid complexes combining two biologically active motifs, an artemisinin derivative and a cationic bis(NHC)‐gold(I) unit, has been synthesized. One of these complexes, 2 a, has been analyzed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. 2 a shows strong anticancer activities on a large panel of human cancer cell models (prostate, breast, lung, liver, bladder, bone, acute and chronic myeloid leukemias) with GI50 values in the nm range, together with a high selectivity. An original and distinctive mechanism of action, that is, through inhibition of the redox antioxidant NRF2 transcription factor (strongly associated with aggressiveness and resistance to cancer therapies) has been evidenced. 2 a could remarkably sensitize to sorafenib in HepG2 liver cells, in which dysregulated NRF2 signaling is linked to primary and acquired drug resistance. 2 a also inhibited NF‐κB and HIF transcriptional activities, which are also associated with progression and resistance in cancer. Our findings provide evidence that hybrid (NHC)gold(I) compounds represent a new class of organometallic hybrid molecules that may yield new therapeutic agents.
Facile Electrochemical Synthesis of Nanoscale (TiNbTaZrHf)C High‐Entropy Carbide Powder
Authors: Sure Jagadeesh , Sri Maha Vishnu D. , Kim Hyun‐Kyung , Schwandt Carsten
Published: April 2020

High‐entropy alloys and compounds are becoming an important class of new materials due to their outstanding refractory and high‐temperature properties. However, preparation in bulk quantities and in powder form via classical metallurgical methods is challenging. Here, we report the first synthesis of an ultra‐high‐temperature high‐entropy carbide, (TiNbTaZrHf)C, via a facile electrochemical process. In this, a mixture of the individual metal oxides and graphite is deoxidised in a melt of CaCl2 at a temperature of only 1173 K. The (TiNbTaZrHf)C prepared is single‐phase fcc and has a powdery morphology with a particle‐size range of 15–80 nm. Such materials are in demand for modern additive manufacturing techniques, while preliminary tests have also indicated a possible application in supercapacitors. The successful synthesis of (TiNbTaZrHf)C powder may now guide the way towards establishing the electrochemical route for the preparation of many other entropy‐stabilised materials.
Information Coding in a Reconfigurable DNA Origami Domino Array
Authors: Fan Sisi , Wang Dongfang , Cheng Jin , Liu Yan , Luo Tao , Cui Daxiang , Ke Yonggang , Song Jie
Published: April 2020

DNA nanostructures with programmable nanoscale patterns has been achieved in the past decades, and molecular information coding (MIC) on those designed nanostructures has gained increasing attention for information security. However, achieving steganography and cryptography synchronously on DNA nanostructures remains a challenge. Herein, we demonstrated MIC in a reconfigurable DNA origami domino array (DODA), which can reconfigure intrinsic patterns but keep the DODA outline the same for steganography. When a set of keys (DNA strands) are added, the cryptographic data can be translated into visible patterns within DODA. More complex cryptography with the ASCII code within a programmable 6×6 lattice is demonstrated to demosntrate the versatility of MIC in the DODA. Furthermore, an anti‐counterfeiting approach based on conformational transformation‐mediated toehold strand displacement reaction is designed to protect MIC from decoding and falsification.
Optical fog‐assisted cyber‐physical system for intelligent surveillance in the education system
Authors: Singh Kiran Deep , Sood Sandeep K.
Published: April 2020

Nowadays, surveillance systems are becoming popular for safety and security purposes in many sectors like government organizations, private institutes, hospitals, schools, residential societies, etc. The role of intelligent surveillance in the education system fulfills diverse requirements such as general surveillance of the campus, recording of a lecture, monitoring behavior of student/teacher, tracking, students, administrative surveillance and security surveillance, etc. In the present educational system, the traditional cloud/fog‐based cyber‐physical system (CPS) and surveillance system enable remote monitoring, machine learning, analytics, and early decision making for real‐time tasks. The existing solutions are inadequate to fulfill the requirements of ultra‐low delay and minimum energy consumption of the surveillance devices. In this paper, an optical fog‐assisted CPS is presented for intelligent surveillance in the education system that uses optical resources at the optical fog layer as fog devices for facilitating early decisions or actions with no delay, minimum energy consumption, and optimum usage of the bandwidth. The proposed system provides (a) a scalable smart OpticalFog node in the middleware of cloud and surveillance devices and (b) service assurance to various CPS‐based applications through the Fog manager. An optimum placement algorithm is proposed for the Fog manager to place the CPS‐based tasks on the nearby optical fog device. The iFogSim toolkit is used for evaluating the proposed algorithm in realizing CPS‐based surveillance in the education scenario. It can be observed from the results that delay in the traditional scenarios for different configurations of surveilled blocks are varying from 210 to 7,867 ms. However, the proposed system has provided ultra‐low delay in the range of 7.6–8.93 ms. Similarly, the energy consumption of surveillance cameras is significantly reduced. Moreover, network usage by the proposed framework is also less than the traditional system. Hence, results show the effectiveness of the proposed framework.
A PNA‐DNA2 Triple‐Helix Molecular Switch‐Based Colorimetric Sensor for Sensitive and Specific Detection of microRNAs from Cancer Cells
Authors: Xu Mengjia , Fu Pan , Xing Shu , Zhao Yang , Zhao Chao
Published: April 2020

Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs), the synthetic DNA mimics that can bind to oligonucleotides to form duplexes, triplexes, and quadruplexes, could be advantageous as probes for nucleic acid sequences owing to their unique physicochemical and biochemical properties. We have found that a homopurine PNA strand could bind to two homopyrimidine DNA strands to form a PNA‐DNA2 triplex. Moreover, the cyanine dye DiSC2(5) could bind with high affinity to this triplex and cause a noticeable color change. On the basis of this phenomenon, we have designed a label‐free colorimetric sensing platform for miRNAs from cancer cells by using a PNA‐DNA2 triple‐helix molecular switch (THMS) and DiSC2(5). This sensing platform can detect miRNA‐21 specifically with a detection limit of 0.18 nM, which is comparable to that of the THMS‐mediated fluorescence sensing platform. Moreover, this colorimetric platform does not involve any chemical modification or enzymatic signal amplification, which boosts its applicability and availability at the point of care in resource‐limited settings. The universality of this approach can be simply achieved by altering the sequences of the probe DNA for specific targets.
Manganese‐Modulated Cobalt‐Based Layered Double Hydroxide Grown on Nickel Foam with 1D–2D–3D Heterostructure for Highly Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction and Urea Oxidation Reaction
Authors: Wang Zhaolong , Hu Yiming , Liu Wenjun , Xu Li , Guan Meili , Zhao Yan , Bao Jian , Li Huaming
Published: April 2020

Hydrogen production by energy‐efficient water electrolysis is a green avenue for the development of contemporary society. However, the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the urea oxidation reaction (UOR) occurring at the anode are impeded by the sluggish reaction kinetics during the water‐splitting process. Consequently, it is promising to develop bifunctional anodic electrocatalysts consisting of nonprecious metals. Herein, a bifunctional CoMn layered double hydroxide (LDH) was grown on nickel foam (NF) with a 1D–2D–3D hierarchical structure for efficient OER and UOR performance in alkaline solution. Owing to the significant synergistic effect of Mn doping and heterostructure engineering, the obtained Co1Mn1 LDH/NF exhibits satisfactory OER activity with a low potential of 1.515 V to attain 10 mA cm−2. Besides, the potential of the Co1Mn1 LDH/NF catalyst for UOR at the same current density is only 1.326 V, which is much lower than those of its counterparts and most reported electrocatalysts. An urea electrolytic cell with a Co1Mn1 LDH/NF anode and a Pt–C/NF cathode was established, and a low cell voltage of 1.354 V at 10 mA cm−2 was acquired. The optimized strategy may result in promising candidates for developing a new generation of bifunctional electrocatalysts for clean energy production.
Propargylidyne and Pentadiynylidyne Polyfunctionalised Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Authors: Frogley Benjamin J. , Hill Anthony F.
Published: April 2020

The Pd0/AuI mediated [C1+C2] cross‐coupling reactions of [W(≡CBr)(CO)2(Tp*)] (Tp*=hydrotris(dimethylpyrazolyl)borate) and trimethylsilylethynyl‐substituted arenes afford new polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon propargylidynes [W(≡CC≡CR)(CO)2(Tp*)] (R=9‐anthracenyl, 1‐pyrenyl). The strategy extends to the first bis(propargylidyne) and bis(pentadiynylidyne) complexes bridged by phenyl or anthracenyl spacers, and to a tetrakis(propargylidyne) connected through a pyrene core.
Prospective evaluation of the multisensor HeartLogic algorithm for heart failure monitoring
Authors: Santini Luca , D'Onofrio Antonio , Dello Russo Antonio , Calò Leonardo , Pecora Domenico , Favale Stefano , Petracci Barbara , Molon Giulio , Bianchi Valter , De Ruvo Ermenegildo , Ammirati Fabrizio , La Greca Carmelo , Campari Monica , Valsecchi Sergio , Capucci Alessandro
Published: April 2020

Background

The HeartLogic algorithm measures data from multiple implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator‐based sensors and combines them into a single index. The associated alert has proved to be a sensitive and timely predictor of impending heart failure (HF) decompensation.

Hypothesis

We describe a multicenter experience of remote HF management by means of HeartLogic and appraise the value of an alert‐based follow‐up strategy.

Methods

The alert was activated in 104 patients. All patients were followed up according to a standardized protocol that included remote data reviews and patient phone contacts every month and at the time of alerts. In‐office examinations were performed every 6 months or when deemed necessary.

Results

During a median follow‐up of 13 (10–16) months, the overall number of HF hospitalizations was 16 (rate 0.15 hospitalizations/patient‐year) and 100 alerts were reported in 53 patients. Sixty alerts were judged clinically meaningful, and were associated with multiple HF‐related conditions. In 48 of the 60 alerts, the clinician was not previously aware of the condition. Of these 48 alerts, 43 triggered clinical actions. The rate of alerts judged nonclinically meaningful was 0.37/patient‐year, and the rate of hospitalizations not associated with an alert was 0.05/patient‐year. Centers performed remote follow‐up assessments of 1113 scheduled monthly transmissions (10.3/patient‐year) and 100 alerts (0.93/patient‐year). Monthly remote data review allowed to detect 11 (1%) HF events requiring clinical actions (vs 43% actionable alerts, P < .001).

Conclusions

HeartLogic allowed relevant HF‐related clinical conditions to be identified remotely and enabled effective clinical actions to be taken; the rates of unexplained alerts and undetected HF events were low. An alert‐based management strategy seemed more efficient than a scheduled monthly remote follow‐up scheme.
Optimal hydropower station dispatch using quantum social spider optimization algorithm
Authors: Zhou Guo , Zhao Ruxin , Luo Qifang , Zhou Yongquan
Published: April 2020

In this article, a new quantum social spider optimization (QSSO) algorithm is proposed. In the QSSO algorithm, we introduce an encoding approach based on bits described on social spider optimization (SSO) and serves as the evolution method of the population space. For the encoding of individuals, the probability amplitude expression of quantum bit is applied to describe the position of individuals, by which one individual's position can be expressed as the superposition of multistates. In such a way, the population diversity and the global searching capability of the SSO algorithm are enhanced. The QSSO algorithm was used to optimize the hydropower station dispatch, and the calculation results show that QSSO algorithm has fast convergence, small number of tuning parameters, high calculation accuracy, stability, simple, and is easy to be implemented with strong global search capability.
Neuro‐taxis: Neuronal movement in gradients of chemical and physical environments
Authors: Seo Jeongyeon , Youn Wongu , Choi Ji Yu , Cho Hyeoncheol , Choi Hyunwoo , Lanara Christina , Stratakis Emmanuel , Choi Insung S.
Published: April 2020

Environmental chemical and physical cues dynamically interact with migrating neurons and sprouting axons, and in particular, the gradients of environmental cues are regarded as one of the factors intimately involved in the neuronal movement. Since a growth cone was first described by Cajal, more than one century ago, chemical gradients have been suggested as one of the mechanisms by which the neurons determine proper paths and destinations. However, the gradients of physical cues, such as stiffness and topography, which also interact constantly with the neurons and their axons as a component of the extracellular environments, have rarely been noted regarding the guidance of neurons, despite their gradually increasingly reported influences in the case of nonneuronal‐cell migration. In this review, we discuss chemical (i.e., chemo‐ and hapto‐) and physical (i.e., duro‐) taxis phenomena on the movement of neurons including axonal elongation. In addition, we suggest topotaxis, the most recently proposed physical‐taxis phenomenon, as another potential mechanism in the neuronal movement, based on the reports of neuronal recognition of and responses to nanotopography.
Consequences of drought severity for tropical live oak (Quercus oleoides) in Mesoamerica
Authors: Rambal Serge , Cavender‐Bares Jeannine , Sparks Kimberlee L. , Sparks Jed P.
Published: April 2020

In two Costa Rican and three Honduran sites that vary in rainfall and soil properties, we used natural isotopes, a soil water balance model, and broad‐scale climate‐based drought indices to study shifts in water use with ontogeny from seedlings to mature tropical live oak (Quercus oleoides) trees. Water use patterns help to explain persistence of this broadly distributed species in Mesoamerica and to evaluate likely threats of ongoing climate changes. At the end of the dry season, soil δ18O profiles can be described by one‐phase exponential decay curves. Minimum values reflect geographic origins of the last significant rain event, and curvature is inversely related to canopy closure, demonstrating its role in controlling topsoil evaporation. Partitioning of soil water sources for transpiration was analyzed with a mixing model. In the Costa Rican sites, in a relatively dry year, saplings and mature trees took up water from the upper soil. In a relatively wet year in the Honduran sites, we observed deeper water extraction. In all sites, soil storage dampens extreme variation in water availability. The size dependence of water uptake with larger stems exploiting deeper layers is translated into variation in bulk leaf δ13C‐based water use efficiency (WUE) with the exception of mature trees. From 1932 to 2015, drought severity was evaluated with the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) concurrently with simulations of the soil water balance model. Drought occurrence increased, regardless of the time period, averaged across 6, 12, or 24 months. All ontogenetic stages in all populations experienced frequent water limitation. We found evidence for linear trends toward aridification with increases of return periods of drought for October SPEI‐24 declining from 42 to 6 yr in Costa Rica and from 21 to 7 yr in Honduras and recent occurrence of multiyear droughts from 2013 to 2016. October SPEI‐12 and SPEI‐24 were significantly related to the Oceanic Niño Indices demonstrating that local inter‐annual variations in drought severity in Mesoamerica are modulated by large‐scale climate forces. Drought severity in the near‐term future depends on the extent to which the Pacific will adopt a more La Niña‐like vs. a more El Niño‐like state under ongoing climatic changes.
Experimental study of species invasion: early population dynamics and role of disturbance in invasion success
Authors: Reznick David N. , De Bona Sebastiano , López‐Sepulcre Andrés , Torres Mauricio , Bassar Ronald D. , Benzen Paul , Travis Joseph
Published: April 2020

Much of our understanding of natural invasions is retrospective, based on data acquired after invaders become established. As a consequence, we know little about the characteristics of the early population growth and habitat use of the invaders during establishment. Here we report on experimental introductions of guppies into natural streams in which we conducted monthly censuses of each population. Two of the four introductions were in streams with thinned canopies, which mimic a common form of habitat disturbance. We conducted similar censuses of natural populations to characterize natural population densities and generate a null distribution against which we could test a priori hypotheses about the establishment of the experimental invaders. We constructed a pedigree for one population, which enabled us to quantify lifetime reproductive success. Population simulations predict that the nature of the introduced population’s life history, in combination with reduced risk of predation in the introduction sites, will result in explosive population growth; however, populations of introduced invaders instead grew to match densities observed in natural streams with intact canopies. Experimental populations in streams with thinned canopies grew to densities that often exceeded those of natural streams with intact canopies. High population densities were associated with the increased use of marginal habitat. Adult females and males that moved into marginal habitat suffered no apparent fitness loss, suggesting lower population densities found there compensated for lower habitat quality. Our results suggest that the ecological setting in which invasions occur plays a role at least comparable in importance to that of the invader’s inherent characteristics in shaping early population growth and habitat use.