bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Polycaprolactone/polyacrylic acid/graphene oxide composite nanofibers as a highly efficient sorbent to remove lead toxic metal from drinking water and apple juice
Authors: Rostami Mohammadreza , Jahed-khaniki Gholamreza , Molaee-aghaee Ebrahim , Shariatifar Nabi , Sani Mahmood Alizadeh , Azami Mahmood , Rezvantalab Sima , Ramezani Soghra , Ghorbani Marjan
Published: February 2024

Due to the characteristics of electrospun nanofibers (NFs), they are considered a suitable substrate for the adsorption and removal of heavy metals. Electrospun nanofibers are prepared based on optimized polycaprolactone (PCL, 12 wt%) and polyacrylic acid (PAA, 1 wt%) polymers loaded with graphene oxide nanoparticles (GO NPs, 1 wt%). The morphological, molecular interactions, crystallinity, thermal, hydrophobicity, and biocompatibility properties of NFs are characterized by spectroscopy (scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Thermogravimetric analysis), contact angle, and MTT tests. Finally, the adsorption efficacy of NFs to remove lead (Pb2+) from water and apple juice samples was determined using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The average diameter for PCL, PCL/PAA, and PCL/PAA/GO NFs was 137, 500, and 216 nm, respectively. Additionally, the contact angle for PCL, PCL/PAA, and PCL/PAA/GO NFs was obtained at 74.32º, 91.98º, and 94.59º, respectively. The cytotoxicity test has shown non-toxicity for fabricated NFs against the HUVEC endothelial cell line by more than 80% survival during 72 h. Under optimum conditions including pH (= 6), temperature (25 °C), Pb concentration (25 to 50 mg/L), and time (15 to 30 min), the adsorption efficiency was generally between 80 and 97%. The adsorption isotherm model of PCL/PAA/GO NFs in the adsorption of lead metal follows the Langmuir model, and the reaction kinetics follow the pseudo-second-order. PCL/PA/GO NFs have shown adsorption of over 80% in four consecutive cycles. The adsorption efficacy of NFs to remove Pb in apple juice has reached 76%. It is appropriate and useful to use these nanofibers as a high-efficiency adsorbent in water and food systems based on an analysis of their adsorption properties and how well they work.
Radiation exposure lymphocyte damage assessed by γ-H2AX level using flow cytometry
Authors: Chen Zhuoqing , Wakabayashi Hiroshi , Kuroda Rie , Mori Hiroshi , Hiromasa Tomo , Kayano Daiki , Kinuya Seigo
Published: February 2024

DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are considered the most relevant lesions to the DNA damage of ionizing radiation (IR), and γ-H2AX foci in peripheral blood lymphocytes are regarded as an adequate marker for DSB quantitative studies. This study aimed to investigate IR-induced DNA damage in mice through γ-H2AX fluorescence analyses by flow cytometry (FCM). The levels of γ-H2AX in CD4/CD8/B220-positive lymphocytes were quantified by FCM through mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) values. Peripheral venous blood samples were collected for evaluation, and all the control groups were restrained from irradiation. For external irradiation experiments, the dose-dependency of MFI values and temporal alternations were assessed both in vitro and in vivo. External radiation exposure damage was positively correlated with the absorbed radiation dose, and the lymphocyte recovered from damage within 3 days. I-131 sodium iodide solution (74 MBq) was injected into the mice intraperitoneally for internal irradiation experiments. Gamma counting and γH2AX foci analyses were performed at 1 h and 24 h by the group. The blood-to-blood S values (Sblood←blood) were applied for the blood-absorbed dose estimation. Internal low-dose-irradiation-induced damage was proved to recover within 24 h. The FCM method was found to be an effective way of quantitatively assessing IR-induced DNA damage.
A machine learning driven automated system for safety data sheet indexing
Authors: Suman Aatish , Khan Misbah , Talreja Veeru , Penfield Julia , Crowell Stephanie
Published: February 2024

Safety Data Sheets (SDS) are foundational to chemical management systems and are used in a wide variety of applications such as green chemistry, industrial hygiene, and regulatory compliance, among others within the Environment, Health, and Safety (EHS) and the Environment, Social, and Governance (ESG) domains. Companies usually prefer to have key pieces of information extracted from these datasheets and stored in an easy to access structured repository. This process is referred to as SDS “indexing”. Historically, SDS indexing has always been done manually, which is labor-intensive, time-consuming, and costly. In this paper, we present an automated system to index the composition information of chemical products from SDS documents using a multi-stage ensemble method with a combination of machine learning models and rule-based systems stacked one after the other. The system specifically indexes the ingredient names, their corresponding Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) numbers, and weight percentages. It takes the SDS document in PDF format as the input and gives the list of ingredient names along with their corresponding CAS numbers and weight percentages in a tabular format as the output. The system achieves a precision of 0.93 at the document level when evaluated on 20,000 SDS documents annotated for this purpose.
Phytotoxicity of metal–organic framework MOF-74(Co) nanoparticles to pea seedlings
Authors: Hu Ruonan , Huang Heyu , Chen Hua , Zhang Jiahao , Zhong Qinmei , Wu Xian , Yang Shengtao
Published: February 2024

MOF-74(Co) NPs lower root length, fresh weight and dry weight of pea seedlings. MOF-74(Co) NPs decreased net photosynthetic rate and increased intercellular CO2 content. Released Co ions induced oxidative stress and damaged photosynthesis system II.
Identifying predictors of E. coli in rural household water in sub-Saharan Africa using elimination regression
Authors: Fejfar Donald , Tracy Wren , Kelly Emma , Moffa Michelle , Bain Robert , Bartram Jamie , Anderson Darcy , Cronk Ryan
Published: February 2024

Using pooled and multi-country logistic regression models, we investigated factors predicting E. coli in household drinking water in rural sub-Saharan Africa.
Cyclocodon lancifoliusfruit prolongs the lifespan ofCaenorhabditis elegans viaantioxidation and regulation of purine metabolism
Authors: Liu Yihan , Zhang Xudong , Wang Yan , Wang Jianxia , Wei Hua , Zhang Cunli , Zhang Qiang
Published: February 2024

Cyclocodon lancifoliusfruit is a promising commercial fruit with anti-aging activity and is rich in polyphenolic compounds.
β-Nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation prolongs the lifespan of prematurely aged mice and protects colon function in ageing mice
Authors: Gu Yanrou , Gao Lidan , He Jiamin , Luo Man , Hu Mei , Lin Yuxian , Li Jianxin , Hou Tongyao , Si Jianmin , Yu Yingcong
Published: February 2024

NMN prolonged the life span and delayed senescence in premature ageing mice.
Plasmon resonance dynamics and enhancement effects in tris(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(ii) gold nanosphere oligomers
Authors: Yunusa Umar , Warren Natalie , Schauer David , Srivastava Prasenjit , Sprague-Klein Emily
Published: February 2024

We report a plasmon-mediated resonance energy transfer in an optimized gold nanosphere oligomer system that enhances the photoexcited population of the well known Ru-dye, [Ru(BPY)3]2+ with a defluorescenced Raman signal.
Realizing highly efficient deep-blue organic light-emitting diodes towards Rec.2020 chromaticity by restricting the vibration of the molecular framework
Authors: Li Chuan , Zhang Kai , Luo Yanju , Yang Yang , Huang Yong , Jia Mengjiao , He Yuling , Lei Yue , Tang Jian-Xin , Huang Yan , Lu Zhiyun
Published: February 2024

A deep blue TADF emitter composed of rigid D and A units was developed. BOC-PSi-based OLED exhibited not only an impressive EQEmax approaching 20%, but also a superior color purity approaching the Rec.2020 blue standard.
Synthetic utility of functionalized alkylsilyl peroxides for Fe-catalyzed and visible-light-promoted radical transformation
Authors: Liu Jiahao , Liu Shiyong , Wang Zhe , Kato Terumasa , Liu Yan , Maruoka Keiji
Published: February 2024

α-Keto-, β-acetoxy- and β-amidoalkylsilyl peroxides are prepared from various precursors and utilized for Fe-catalyzed and visible-light-promoted radical functionalization with coupling partners under mild conditions with a broad substrate scope.
Modularization approach for large-scale electrolysis systems: a review
Authors: Lange Hannes , Klose Anselm , Beisswenger Lucien , Erdmann Daniel , Urbas Leon
Published: February 2024

According to the current state of research and development, it is not possible to build a gigawatt electrolysis system with one single electrolysis stack.
How reliable are the overpotentials reported in energy conversion electrocatalysis?
Authors: Sengeni Anantharaj
Published: February 2024

This perspective highlights important issues with the currently followed practice of converting potentials in electrochemistry to the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) scale and advises on the best practices to be followed when doing so.
Strategies of Hearing Preservation With Military Personnel: A Scoping Review
Authors: Betes Heupa Adriana , Simões Pierângela Nota , de Araújo Cristiano Miranda , Taveira Karinna Veríssimo Meira , José Maria Renata , de Oliveira Gonçalves Claudia Giglio , Lüders Débora
Published: February 2024

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to map the strategies used in hearing health education with military personnel during the Hearing Preservation Program (HPP).

Method:

This study is a scoping review, with electronic searches conducted in online databases and gray literature: Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, ASHAWire, Google Scholar, and ProQuest Dissertation & Theses. Only studies describing, analyzing, or evaluating the application of the HPP to active duty or training military personnel were included.

Results:

A total of 3,478 references were retrieved, and 12 studies met the inclusion criteria. The strategies were classified into five categories: focus group aimed at exploring knowledge and perceptions regarding hearing health (five studies), training on the proper fitting of hearing protection devices (four studies), the utilization of audiovisual materials (seven studies), questionnaires administrated before and after educational intervention (five studies), and feedback survey concerning the implemented hearing health education (three studies).

Conclusion:

There are five strategies that aimed at assessing knowledge and attitudes, improving hearing health education, facilitating information access, and evaluating the applied actions.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25219589
DMCVS: Decomposed motion compensation‐based video stabilization
Authors: Huang Qian , Liu Jiwen , Jiang Chuanxu , Wang Yiming
Published: February 2024

With the popularity of handheld devices, video stabilization is becoming increasingly important. In previous studies, many methods have been proposed to stabilize shaky videos. However, these methods fail to balance between image content integrity and stability. Some methods sacrifice image content for better stability. Other methods ignore the subtle jitters, which leads to poor stability. This work innovatively proposes a video stabilization method based on decomposed motion compensation. First, a grid‐based motion statistics method is adopted for motion estimation, which obtains more accurate motion vectors according to matched likelihood estimates. Then, the motion compensation is inherently decomposed into two parts: linear motion compensation and auxiliary motion compensation. Linear motion compensation removes complex jitter by constructing linear path constraints to obtain a more stable camera path. Auxiliary motion compensation uses a moving average filter to remove the high‐frequency jitter as a supplement and preserve more image content. The two components are combined with individual weights to derive the final transform matrix and warp the original frames. Experimental results show that our method outperforms the previous methods on NUS and DeepStab datasets qualitatively and quantitatively.
Theoretical Study of the Parameters of the Working Body of a Multi-Injector
Authors: Serguntsov Alexander
Published: February 2024

Fertilizing plants is one of the main operations for plant development. Since the degree of its nutrition, and therefore its development, will depend on the correct application of fertilizers (in terms of timing and doses). Liquid ones can be applied using sprayers or a multiinjector. We also propose to introduce into the design of the disk, namely, to change the shape of the cog, which will reduce the specific traction resistance of the working organ, and therefore of the entire unit. This design will reduce operating costs, as well as comply with agrotechnical requirements by maintaining the depth of application of liquid complex fertilizers (LCFs).
Economic Aspects of Promoting Goods in the Agricultural Sector
Authors: Sorokina Yulia , Borisova Liudmila
Published: February 2024

Currently, the organic food market is one of the fastest growing segments of the food industry worldwide. In Russia, there is an annual increase in demand for organic products, which sets new requirements for manufacturers of such products in terms of ensuring orientation towards “green” production in various ways. As part of this study, it was interesting to determine the prospects for the development of organic production in the Russian Federation, for which it was necessary to identify the main target groups of consumers capable and ready to purchase such goods. On the basis of the conducted sociological study and assessment of the level of willingness of consumers to purchase organic products on a permanent basis in the long term, it became possible to identify target groups. In addition, based on the survey, it became possible to identify the motives and values of consumers when purchasing such products, which will obviously be useful for manufacturers of organic goods to promote their products. The work also analyzed trends in the market for organic products, which made it possible to determine the emerging increase in demand for such products, but also identified the need to stimulate the sale of organic products. The result of the study was, firstly, the identified target groups of consumers, their portrait, and secondly, an economic mechanism was drawn up to increase the efficiency of the development of organic production, taking into account the proposed measures to promote goods in the agro-industrial complex.
The Main Directions of Improvement of Sowing Disks of Units for Joint Sowing of Two Crops
Authors: Zubrilina Е.М. , Novikov К.А. , Tyutyunnikov I.A. , Kalinin Yu.V.
Published: February 2024

This article describes the design of an experimental sowing disk for joint sowing of corn and sorghum seeds. The results of laboratory studies are presented and the need to improve the sowing disk and its individual elements is justified. A patent search for sowing machines and sowing disks was carried out in order to analyze and further synthesize the best solutions for the development of new designs of a sowing machine and a sowing disk for joint crops. The necessity of conducting research on further improvement of the disk elements in order to increase its reliability is substantiated.
Assessment of ecological and geographical parameters of the Tobolsk landscape province of western Siberia
Authors: Tusupbekov Zhanbolat , Ryapolova Natalia , Nadtochiy Victoria
Published: February 2024

Agriculture is one of the priority sectors of the national economy of the state. The development of the agro-industrial complex of the country's regions is associated with active economic activity on the territory of landscape complexes through the use of their natural resource potential. In the article, based on the study of natural processes occurring in the landscape sphere, an assessment of the state of the natural environment was carried out. To identify favorable conditions for agricultural production, the elements of heat and moisture circulation in the Tobolsk landscape province have been identified. By jointly considering the equations of water and heat-energy balances of a land plot, a geo-ecological assessment of the study area was carried out. Within the territory under consideration, the values and features of the spatial distribution of the maximum permissible anthropogenic load on surface waters have been determined. The results obtained can be used to form an information base of the ecological and geographical characteristics of the territory, methodological and scientific developments, as well as to develop environmental standards necessary for carrying out agricultural activities within the study area
Humidification resources of the Tomsk region
Authors: Ryapolova Natalia , Tusupbekov Zhanbolat , Nadtochiy Victoria
Published: February 2024

To determine the standards of anthropogenic load on the water resources of the territory, as well as to carry out their geo-ecological assessment, the question arises of quantitative determination of the characteristics that influence the conditions for the formation and functioning of water resources of geographical systems. The ability of an ecosystem to withstand external stress depends on its resident resilience and ability to recover after a reduction in stress. Among the many factors in assessing the geoecological state of a territory, an important place is occupied by the availability of water resources and their quantitative characteristics, as well as the distribution of moisture resources throughout the territory at different periods of time. Analysis of the water supply of the territory is necessary, both from the point of view of determining the natural capabilities (potential) of aquatic ecosystems, and determining the qualitative state of water bodies. In the presented article, based on observational data over a long-term period, the average durations of wet and dry periods, as well as the percentage of precipitation at weather stations in the study area, are determined. Based on the data on humidity and heat resources, the heat and energy resources of the climate, evaporation and their water equivalents were calculated. The calculations made made it possible to determine characteristics important for water availability, such as the ratio of heat and moisture resources and the humidification coefficient. Based on a study of the main directions of economic development of the territory, industries that place a significant burden on water resources were identified and recommendations were given for restoring impaired functions.
Waterfowl and Shorebirds: Formation and evolution of “cold” wintering grounds in Inner Asia (Baikal Siberia)
Authors: Mel’nikov Yuriy
Published: February 2024

Despite the widespread occurrence of “cold” wintering of waterfowl, the causes of their formation have been studied very poorly. Very harsh winter conditions are typical for Eastern Siberia, but wintering grounds with a high number of 55.0-60.0 thousand birds are also formed here. Such wintering grounds include the source and upper course of the Angara River (thermal refugium). The high death rate of nests in the summer due to the unstable mountain floodplain water regime of the rivers of the region is compensated by the repeated nesting of birds. As a result, their total breeding season is greatly increased. By the time of migration, the late broods do not have time to accumulate enough plastic substances (fat) necessary for migration to the southern wintering grounds. Favorable conditions at the beginning of winter in thermal refugiums contribute to long delays of birds in feeding and resting places. However, by the time they are able to continue migration, it becomes impossible. Snow falls in the adjacent territories, reservoirs are covered with ice and a constant negative air temperature is established. Consequently, the “cold” wintering of shorebirds and waterfowl is forced. The basis of their species composition is formed by the animal-eating diving duck species. In this regard, their protection and maintenance of numbers in extreme years are difficult and expensive tasks.
The effect of the Almalyk-Akhangaran industrial zone on changes in the groundwater level of the Ahangaran river basin
Authors: Fozilov Azamat , Ganiyev Ziyodullo , Mamajanov Rasuljon , Jurakulova Dilbar , Abdurayimova Oytula
Published: February 2024

This article describes the state of groundwater and surface waters in the Akhangaran River basin, around the Almalyk Mining and Metallurgical Combine (AMMC), the amount of water consumed by the population of the city of Almalyk, the amount of precipitation in the region, and the annual flow regime of existing canals in the region. Comprehensive research methods, include the analysis of scientific and technical information on the geographical, hydrogeological, geomechanical and mineralogical compositions of the Almalyk-Akhangaran industrial zone, underground and surface waters, as well as the study of all valuable components by chemical, and X-ray structural methods, and atomic emission spectroscopy. Integration and point methods are used for measuring current velocity. Basic, detailed, abbreviated and graphical methods for measuring water flow are perfomed by electric metrs. Experimental filtration studies are carried out and systems of observation wells are organized. Additionally water temperature is measured with thermocouples and water density, salt concentration and water pH are measured using ionomers.
The role of grassland crop rotation in piedmont zone of North Ossetia-Alania
Authors: Mamiev Dmitry
Published: February 2024

The purpose of the study is to identify the effect of grassland crop rotation crops on the physical, agrobiological parameters of soils and on crop productivity in the forest-steppe zone of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania. Tasks of the experiment: to study the structural and aggregate composition of the soil; to determine the volume mass of the soil under crop rotation crops; to identify the general biological activity of the soil; to identify the effect of crop rotation crops on productivity. The object of the study is the crops of the grassland crop rotation. The research was carried out in the field stationary crop rotation of the NCMPARI VSC RAS in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the RNO-A. The soil of the experimental site is represented by leached chernozems on pebbles, where humus ranges from 3.4 to 4.7%. The experiments were carried out in triplicate. The area of the experimental plots is 100 m2 and registration plot is 96m2. It was found that at the beginning of the growing season, the lumpy fraction under crop rotation crops varied from 13.50% to 50.10%, and soil lumps from 0.25 to 10 mm (macrostructure) – from 49.40% to 82.60%, fraction <0.25 mm – from 1.80 to 8.0%. The index of the structural coefficient ranged from 2.22% (corn) to 2.49% (oats + clover). Studies have proven that leached chernozems contain from 45.0 to 66.5% of aggregates that resist the eroding effect of water, so these soils have a good structure. Over the years of research on oats + clover crops (on average 0–30 cm of soil layer), the soil density was 0.95 g/cm3 at the beginning of the growing season, 1.19 g /cm3 during the period of intensive growth, 1.22 g/cm3 at the end of the growing season. This tendency is evident in all crop rotation crops. In our studies, the best indicators for the collection of forage units were the grass links of the crop rotation and amounted to 15.05 t/ha. In the rowed link of the crop rotation they amounted to 13.12 t/ha. In general, the energy value of the grassland link of the crop rotation turned out to be 216.45 MJ more than the tilled one, and amounted to 255.0 MJ/ha.
Preservation of some rare species of natural flora in the Subtropical Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Authors: Ryndin Alexey , Slepchenko Natalia , Slepchenko Konstantin
Published: February 2024

Conservation issues related to biological diversity, especially rare and endangered plant species, remain among the most pressing challenges. Scientific institutions and botanical gardens play a crucial role in addressing this problem. The Federal Research Centre "Subtropical Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences" (FRC SSC RAS) has been actively involved in the study of natural flora, including rare species, since the mid-1990s. The objective of these studies was to explore 48 rare plant species belonging to 34 genera from the families Boraginaceae, Ranunculaceae, Asparagaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Asteraceae, Orchidaceae, and Iridaceae in the conditions of the humid subtropics of Russia. The research revealed that the studied species are perennial herbaceous plants with high decorative qualities. Among them, 29 % are rhizomatous, 23 % are bulbous, 21 % are cormous, 19 % are short-rhizomatous, and 8% are tree-like. Phenological observations indicated that all species flowered, and almost all bore fruits. Winter-flowering species constituted 10% of the collection, spring-flowering species – 48 %, summer-flowering species – 31 %, and autumn-flowering species – 10 %. The studied plant species have various conservation statuses, with 16 species listed in the Red Books of the Russian Federation, 24 in the Krasnodar region, 20 in Sochi, 36 in other regions of the Russian Federation, and 20 on the IUCN Red List. Fourteen species are identified as rare and endemic.
Minerageny of Jurassic deposits of the northeastern side of the Ulyanovsk-Saratov depression
Authors: Korolev Eduard , Eskin Aleksey , Korolev Albert , Barieva Enza , Dolonina Elena
Published: February 2024

The Jurassic terrigenous-clayey complex on the territory of the northeastern side of the Ulyanovsk-Saratov depression contains numerous groups of solid minerals. Some of them are at the stages of industrial development, some have not found application due to local distribution. Analysis of the composition and conditions of formation of solid mineral raw materials showed that the main factor influencing the formation of minerals was the marginal position of the territory in the Middle-Upper Jurassic time. The relatively high bioproductivity of the epicontinental Central Russian paleosea contributed to the accumulation of layers of calcareous marls, oil shale and phosphate raw materials. All these rocks were formed in the Mesozoic basin of sedimentation with the active participation of organic matter, the producers of which were zoo- and phytoplankton. The accumulation of coccolithophora in clayey silts led to the formation of calcareous marls, the accumulation of dying algae in bottom sediments led to the formation of oil shale. Nodular phosphorites are also biochemogenic raw materials. During periods of regressive development of the Central Russian paleosea along the coast, conditions were created for the accumulation of oolitic siderites together with leguminous goethite-hydrogethite aggregates of iron ores. Periodically, regional faults were activated on the northeastern edge of the Ulnovsko-Saratov depression. At this time, there was an upward migration of deep mineralized fluids through weakened zones. Unloading in the bottom part of the Central Russian paleosea, they contributed to the formation of fields of pyrite and barite mineralization in sedimentary rocks.
Study of Shomishkul kaolin for producing ceramic materials
Authors: Каlbaev Baxauatdin , Eminov Аshrap , Janabaev Orazimbet , Toreniyazov Мuratbay
Published: February 2024

The article discusses the results of research studies of kaolins from the Shomishkul deposit in Karakalpakstan using chemical-mineralogical and X-ray phase analyses. As a result of the tests, it was established that samples of clay minerals from the studied deposits can be used as the main raw material component for the production of ceramic materials, which helps to expand the raw material base for the production of ceramic materials for construction purposes.
Intensification of oil production using enzyme solutions
Authors: Shchetnikov Vitaly , Mukhametshin Vyacheslav V. , Kuleshova Lyubov , Gilyazetdinov Ruslan , Veliev Mubariz , Gizzatullina Alina
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this work is to search for an area of effective use of enzyme solutions for the intensification of oil production within fields of various geological structures due to their entry into the final stage of operation, which is characterized by a multiple decrease in oil production volumes, an increase in the water content of products and an increase in the accident rate of the producing well stock. The scientific novelty of the work is based on the empirical determination of various parameters of enzyme solutions that can be successfully regulated during the implementation of injection. Based on laboratory studies of enzyme based complexes, it has been shown that in order to prevent a decrease in enzyme activity in reservoir conditions due to high mineralization and temperature, it is necessary to include chelated compounds in order to limit the influence of metal ions. The optimal concentration of enzyme solutions and surfactants for the minimum value of surface tension has been found out, the achievement of which makes it possible to significantly increase the displacement coefficient, and, consequently, the oil recovery coefficient. To form a qualitative sample of data, the initial geological and commercial material was carefully selected and ranked, which allowed to obtain a minimum error in the calculations. The results of the study of the thermal stability of the enzyme complex showed that the interfacial tension between the solution of the enzyme complex and kerosene is much less than the interfacial tension between seawater and kerosene, which is proof of the thermal stability of the enzyme complex at reservoir temperature. The obtained material can be used both for carrying out various geological and technical measures using enzyme solutions, and for implementing a competent approach to the issue of implementing the optimal chemical composition of the working agent.
Efficiency of maintaining reservoir pressure in oil wells during the development of carbonate reservoirs
Authors: Kuleshova Lyubov , Fattakhov Irik , Semanov Alexander
Published: February 2024

The paper analyzes the operation dynamics of injection and observation production wells. It assesses the impact of injection wells on produced water density. The reservoir is characterized by out-contour flooding. It was found that such a scheme is ineffective due to the weak hydrodynamic relationship of the reservoir with the aquifer, which is confirmed by the result of this analysis, and the selective (focal) water flooding used on the Kizelovsky horizon also does not have the proper effect, and there is no correlation of formation pressure with injection in observation wells. It was shown that large volumes of water injection into injection wells do not maintain formation pressure in certain areas, but in general, there is a slight positive impact on the development indicators for the target. The recommendations for optimizing the formation pressure maintenance system were proposed based on the results of the analysis.
Rational Management of Energy Efficiency in a Power Complex
Authors: Tsyganov Vladimir
Published: February 2024

The problem of energy efficiency management in the energy complex under stochastic conditions and taking into account the human factor is analysed. Undesirable activities of the Executive of complex subdivision associated with the presence of his own goals have been identified. Such unwanted activity can lead to a decrease in the energy efficiency of the complex. To improve this efficiency, a control system is proposed that uses a digital learning procedure for the Manager of the complex with the help of the Counsellor, who, in turn, learns to evaluate actual energy efficiency. In addition, this system includes digital procedures for planning and classifying the Executive, depending on the energy efficiency of the subdivision he heads. The task is to determine a control system in which the actual energy efficiency of the subdivision will be equal to the maximum possible under stochastic conditions. This problem is solved by synthesizing a control system that includes a set of decision-making procedures by the Manager (planning and classification) together with a set of advisory procedures used by the Counsellor (evaluation and judgment). The problems of forming such an energy efficiency management system in the energy complex are discussed.
Development and research of an intelligent control system and protection of electrical network equipment
Authors: Bashirov Mussa , Vildanov Rauf , Sabiryanova Aigul , Fokin Danil , Isaev Evgeniy
Published: February 2024

The key element of an intelligent energy system with an active-adaptive network is relay protection, designed to ensure uninterrupted and stable operation of the energy system. The goal of the work is the development and research of intelligent control systems, protection and automation of electrical networks. Research has been carried out on an intelligent security system to determine the boundaries of restrictions in the use of artificial intelligence. The authors supplemented the existing complex with physical models of the power supply system with a digital twin, an artificial neural network, and studied the complex in order to answer some questions about the use of a neural network in relay protection. An iterative approach to software development, supervised machine learning method, and Python programming language were used. Pychram Community Edition was chosen as the integrated development environment. Intelligent system software has been developed, including a digital twin, an executive part and a neural network model, which makes it possible to recognize types of short circuits in the electrical network. The works of domestic and foreign authors on this topic are considered.
Defining of the energy poverty of the state through the analysis of Belt and Road influence on its alleviation in the context of sustainable development
Authors: Arzhaev Fedor , Abramov Valery , Shchukina Tatyana , Mamedov Tural , Sadriddinov Manuchehr , Morkovkin Dmitry , Borisov Oleg , Zvereva Alexandra
Published: February 2024

Energy poverty is an issue, which is new to the scientific field and often omitted from the research. The contemporary approaches to it are various, still the major of them points that energy poverty exists in case the national energy sector and the economy in general lack the possibilities to provide sufficient, safe, reliable, and affordable energy to the consumers. This paper examines the energy sector of Pakistan to prove or refute the idea of energy poverty existence in the country. In addition to that the energy poverty in Pakistan, in case it exists needs to be defined, its reasons are to be examined and the possible solutions for its alleviation provided. The paper proves the mentioned idea with the help of the approach from the side of international infrastructure construction. The proposed approach includes the examination of the role of BRI in energy poverty alleviation in Pakistan. While the Initiative has a significant impact on the economy of the country, its energy sector isn’t directly affected by BRI. The major results of the study encompass the following: the energy poverty measurement through index method is developed, based on demand for energy and its supply and imports’ changes; the energy poverty in Pakistan persists and can’t be alleviated by the international institutions; the effects of economic growth aren’t automatically distributed in the economy, especially in the energy sector of the country and have limited effects on energy poverty.
Study of HAA and PAH accumulation in meat products during its heat treatment using different types of oils
Authors: Utyanov Dmitry , Kulikovskii Andey , Knyazeva Alexandra , Kurzova Anastasiya
Published: February 2024

Heat treatment of meat inevitably leads to the formation of chemical compounds non characterized for it. New chemical compounds formed in meat during its heat treatment are responsible not only for changing the organoleptic properties of the product, but can also be potential carcinogens and mutagens. One type of such compounds is HAA, the carcinogenic and mutagenic potential of which has been proven in a number of studies on laboratory animals and microorganisms. Concern about consuming of HAA led to a number of studies devoted to searching the ways to reduce the amount of HAA formation. In such studies it was found that the most powerful inhibitors in the formation reaction of HAA are antioxidants, vitamin E in particular. Such studies determined the aim of this work - research the influence of various types of vegetable oils (a rich sources of vitamin E) used during heat treatment of meat on the amount of carcinogens formed in meat products. The research results showed that the greatest reduction in the amount of HAA was achieved in samples with avocado oil - the total reduction relative to the control sample was about 54%. Also, the use of avocado oil led to the formation of fewer PAH. In samples with sunflower oils it was observed the reduction of the HAA amount by 43, 44 and 51%. The lowest inhibitory effect in the reaction of HAA formation was observed in samples with coconut and flaxseed oils - 22 and 9.5% respectively. On the contrary, the use of butter during heat treatment of meat increased the HAA amount - about 15% relative to the control sample. Studies have shown that the use of vegetable oils during heat treatment of meat products can significantly reduce the amount of carcinogens formed in it.
Influence of biologically active substances of blood of Karakulsan sheep rim on preservation of gene pool and productivity
Authors: Omonov Mamatkobil
Published: February 2024

The article presents the results of a study of the influence of biologically active substances in the blood of Karakul sur sheep on the preservation of the gene pool and improving the quality of grown karakul sur skins. That the problem of preserving and restoring the Karakul gene pool of Surkhandarya breed type sheep, as well as improving the quality of original skins, developing and improving breeding methods on the farm and purposefully establishing work, has important scientific and practical significance in the development of the Karakul breeding industry in Uzbekistan.
Distribution and trophic relationships of the buffalo treehopper, Stictocephala bisonia, in the Samara region of Russia
Authors: Bogoutdinov Damir , Kastalyeva Tatyana , Girsova Natalya , Ovsyannikova Elena , Mityushev Ilya
Published: February 2024

Current climate change has led to an expansion of the ranges of many phytophagous species, an increase in the density of their populations, the number of generations and the intensity of plant damage. The purpose of this work was to assess the distribution and trophic relationships of the invasive buffalo treehopper Stictocephala bisonia Kopp et Yonke, 1977 (Insecta: Hemiptera: Membracidae) in the Samara region, as well as to determine the area of its distribution in the Russian Federation at the end of 2023. For the first time, adults of S. bisonia were recorded in Samara region in July 2009. Between 2011 and 2023, treehoppers were found in four Samara region districts. Totally, 116 leafhopper specimens were caught in 57 surveys. An average of 8.2 treehoppers were caught on herbaceous vegetation, and 6.0 specimens on tree species per 100 sweeps of the net. In the Samara region, in addition to forbs, the treehopper has been recorded on 24 plant species from 12 families. According to GBIF data, S. bisonia is distributed in 28 administrative Russian entities, the northernmost point is in the Nizhny Novgorod region (56.4N, 43.9E; 08/23/2023) and the easternmost point is in Bashkiria (51.9N, 58.2E; 07/29/2021). S. bisonia assumed to be a serious pest of young fruit trees and berry bushes.
The prevalence of hepatopathy in productive animals and aquaculture objects
Authors: Popova Olga , Ponamarev Vladimir
Published: February 2024

In the modern agricultural sector, the statistics of liver pathologies in productive animals has become an important topic of study. Liver pathologies can have a serious impact on animal health and productivity, which has a negative impact on the economic health of agricultural enterprises. Despite the fact that many works have been devoted to the study of hepatopathies, there is little statistical data on their prevalence. Therefore, in this work we tried to summarize the available data on the statistics of the spread of hepatopathy among productive animals. To achieve this goal, we used a retrospective analysis of domestic and foreign sources presented in specialized databases. Compared to other animals, the spread of hepatopathy among cattle has been most studied. The available data on hepatopathies in sheep, pigs and aquaculture facilities were also reviewed. Statistics on the spread of hepatopathy among to be supplemented and systematized, as was done in the Czech Republic, where information collected over 12 years was assessed. The spread of hepatopathy among MRS is an issue little studied by domestic and foreign researchers. The study of the prevalence of hepatopathy among sows and piglets in Russia is in desperate need of fresh data. Research on fish liver pathologies in Russia also needs to be replenished.
Causes of cell ageing in agriculture
Authors: Borisova Veronika , Sergey Borisov
Published: February 2024

The issues of cell and cell cycle ageing are considered in the article, their causes are clarified. The importance of apoptosis, destroying old cells with mutations and injuries, accumulated during their life, and making room in the body for new cells has been found out. The importance of cell ageing for triggering apoptosis, destroying mutated, degraded, injured cells has been established. A correlation between cell wear and tear, which occurs due to insufficiently rapid recovery, and mutations that can turn a cell into a cancerous one, which is dangerous for other cells, has been found. The main causes of cell cycle ageing in the organism prior to 25 and after 25 years were identified in the study. A correlation between cell repair and telomere length has been established. Cell repair for the majority of cell types, as well as the active restoration of cell number, if one of them dies for any reason, occur in the body up to 25 years of age. Telomeres are shortened during cell division, but up to 25 years of body age a newly born cell is capable to restore degraded organoids. At the same time, up to 25 years of age, the state of the cell is not related to the length of its telomeres and telomeres are not an indicator of cell condition. The cell is able to keep track of the division number based on the length of its telomeres. When telomeres reach a certain length, the cell stops repairing and reduces the division rate. For this reason, some cells that do not exhibit high division rate, recover longer and better, and exist in the body throughout the organism life.
Diet energy intake and use patterns
Authors: Vagapov Ilnur , Latypova Emilia , Tagirov Khamit
Published: February 2024

The purpose of the work is to evaluate the effect of the feed premix "Megamix-Optilak" on the milk productivity of cattle. During research in 2022-2023 in the farms of the Chekmagushevsky district of the Republic of Bashkortostan, the consumption and digestibility of energy of nutrients in diets, energy digestibility coefficients, energy use by dairy cows of the type being created were determined "Bashkir" black-and-white breed, depending on the dose of feeding the feed premix. The object of the research was 80 cows, formed from analogues into 4 groups of 20 heads: control group and I, II, III - experimental. Experimental animals were kept in identical conditions. The difference between the groups was in feeding: animals of groups I – III, in addition to the main diet, received the Megamix-Optilak premix with the diet in doses of 100-200 g/animal per day, the control group was not fed the studied premix. The results of the studies indicate a positive effect feed premix "Megamix-Optilak" on the palatability of ration feed by cows of the experimental groups. Adding the studied premix to the feed mixture at a dosage of 200 g/head. per day contributed to more intensive feed consumption by dairy cows. In addition, the animals absorbed more energy from the main nutrients, including protein - by 10.66%, fat - by 14.14%, fiber - 10.63% (P<0.05).
Robot for strip spraying of vegetable crops
Authors: Nesmiyanov Ivan , Borisenko Ivan , Vorob'eva Natalia , Ivanov Alexey , Dyashkin-Titov Victor
Published: February 2024

The article deals with the problem of reducing the use of agrochemicals through the use of strip spraying using robotic tools that increase the uniformity and accuracy of the distribution of pesticides. The proposed design of the strip spraying module is based on the principle of consistent development of unified modular components in order to change the basic characteristics of the robotic complex. The use of a robotic complex for strip spraying of vegetable crops during treatment with pesticides or liquid mineral fertilizers will ensure an improvement in the quality of plant processing, a reduction in the hectare consumption of the working solution and a negative impact on the environment.
Managing the production of agricultural export products in the context of sustainable development
Authors: Sokolova Irina , Suralev Sergey
Published: February 2024

The relevance of the research undertaken in this article is determined by the fact that recently the concept of sustainable development has changed significantly, and from an auxiliary element ensuring the implementation of production processes, it has become a powerful tool for organizing and conducting production activities in agriculture. Grain production management, based on the use of the concept of sustainable development, is the most important direction for optimizing the production system in any developed country. The presented article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the organization and management of agricultural production in the transition to sustainable development. The necessity of using the concept of sustainable development as a basic condition for the successful development of environmentally friendly agricultural production is substantiated. The perspective directions of interaction of participants in the agricultural production system during the transition to sustainable development are considered. A system of measures adapted to the conditions of environmental management is proposed, contributing to the successful functioning of agricultural production, taking into account the basic principles of sustainable development.
Examining the rheological properties of thickening compositions for printing textures based on blended strands
Authors: Eshdavlatova Gulrukh , Turabaeva Nargis , Rakhimov Oktyabr
Published: February 2024

The influence of the composition components on the rheological properties of thickening compositions was studied. The influence of cooking time on the electro kinetic potential and the degree of thickener binding was determined. The influence of the nature of the components on the degree of binding of the active dye 5CX by thickened polymer compositions has been established.