bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic evaluation method of urban green growth level in Anhui province: a comprehensive analysis of 16 cities’ panel data from 2013-2017
Authors: Zhu Junqi , Yang Li , Zhen Haotian , Li Shanshan , Geng Jichao , Engeda Getnet
Published: June 2021

Considering that green growth development is an increasingly important environmental trend, this paper develops an urban green growth development index and applies it to Anhui Province in China and its 16 cities. Previously, such analyses have taken place mostly at the provincial level, and research on cities is relatively rare. To fill the gap, this paper constructs an urban green growth economy evaluation index based on economic technology, social development, ecological environment, and energy emissions. Using the vertical and horizontal pull-off method to comprehensively evaluate the green growth development levels of 16 cities in Anhui province from 2013 to 2017, the residual expectation coefficient is used to measure and analyze differences in the development levels. The results show that Hefei and Huangshan emit a medium-high level of carbon, and the other 14 cities belong in the high-carbon category. Furthermore, cluster analysis shows that the green growth development levels of the 16 cities fall into four groups. There is a wide disparity between the groups, and the differences between groups are significantly larger than the differences within groups.
Effects of slope aspect on altitudinal pattern of soil C:N:P stoichiometry in alpine forest of Tibet
Authors: Li Jiangrong , Guo Qiqiang , Ma Heping , Zheng Weilie
Published: June 2021

Knowledge of altitudinal patterns in soil C, N and P distribution is important for understanding biogeochemical processes in mountainous forests, yet the influence of slope aspects on soil stoichiometry has been largely neglected in previous studies. In this paper, a total number of 150 topsoil samples at four altitudes (3700, 3900, 4100, 4380 m a.s.l.) on sunny and shady slopes of Sygera mountains in the Southeastern Tibet were collected. Soil C, N and P contents, and pH, were measured. Soil temperature, moisture and richness of plant species were investigated at each sampling site. The results showed that: 1) in sunny slope, soil C, N and P concentrations increased with the increase in altitude, whereas soil C:N, C:P, and N:P decreased along the altitudinal gradient on s. Soil moisture was the main regulator of soil nutrition and stoichiometric ratios. 2) In shady slope, soil C and N contents had no significant difference along the altitudinal gradient except the higher values at low altitude, whereas soil P increased first and then decreased. Soil C:N increased with the increase in altitude, whereas C:P and N:P decreased first and then increased. Soil temperature and species richness were the main factors influencing soil nutrition and stoichiometric ratios. 3) Decoupling of soil C:N:P stoichiometry was observed in shady slope owing to changes in soil pH and temperature. 4) The rich contents of soil C and P were observed at two slopes along the altitudinal gradient, and high capacity of N supply existed at the topsoil in shady slope. These results suggested that slope aspect plays an important role in shaping the altitudinal pattern of soil C:N:P stoichiometry in mountainous forests.
Design and development of software for intelligent monitoring and control system of modern agricultural greenhouse
Authors: Tang Yu , Wu Gang
Published: June 2021

In recent years, with the improvement of large-scale planting in rural areas, greenhouse cultivation technology has been developed rapidly. Intelligent monitoring and control of modern agricultural greenhouse is a hot topic at present. Based on the design requirements of modern greenhouse and the architecture of software design, this paper designs and develops the main program, data acquisition subroutine, alarm subroutine, control keystroke subroutine and display driver subroutine of the system based on the STM32F103ZET6 main control chip, and realizes the design of intelligent monitoring and control system of greenhouse, This study is of great significance for the establishment of scientific ecological environment of plants and the realization of high quality and high yield of crops.
Nutritional supplement for indigenous intestinal microflora: manufacturing, quality and effectiveness evaluation
Authors: Tokhiriyon Boisjoni , Pozdnykovsky Valery M. , Lapina Valentina , Donskova Lyudmila
Published: June 2021

The pharmaceutical composition of a nutritional supplement, which has a profound effect on the maintenance and development of the indigenous intestinal microflora, has been scientifically proven. The nutritional supplement is obtained by combining the encapsulation technology with the pellet technology to ensure that the pharmaceutical composition remains intact and the product appeals to consumers. The combination of encapsulation and pellet technology is highly beneficial to the manufacturing process as the delivery of the ingredients, which are very different in absorption and penetration rates, is improved, controlled and becomes very site-specific, while at the same time offering even distribution. The quality of the nutritional supplement has been proven and the product complies with the compulsory sanitary-hygienic and sanitarytoxicological regulations for dietary supplements. Clinical trials for the new nutritional supplement were performed to ensure the safety and the effectiveness of the product. Sixty volunteers aged from 33 to 72 were involved in the clinical trials. All of the volunteers were diagnosed with different intestinal microbiota disorders, among them a decreased number of microbial symbionts (bifidobacteria, lactobacilli, Escherichia coli (Lac +), the presence of Klebsiella pnenmoniae and opportunistic pathogens like Candida alticans. Patients with intestinal microbiota disorders were prescribed to take 1 capsule of the nutritional supplement twice a day for a period of 30 days together with other medicine prescribed to improve the biocenosis. Having taken part in the clinical trials, nearly 90% of patients, who had previously experienced such symptoms as bloating, gas, different abdominal pains, cramping, diarrhoea and constipation, demonstrated microbiota restoration, along with the overall health improvement. Considering the findings of the clinical trials, it should be noted that the use of ‘Panbiom’ nutritional supplement can play an important role in keeping the immune system healthy, with short chain fatty acids becoming the main focus of attention. Short chain fatty acids are the key to stimulating the immune response, as they support the regulatory T cells, prevent pathological changes and lessen the symptoms. The nutritional supplement composition and the manufacturing process were developed and tested at the scientific research-to-production facilities of Art-Life Scientific Production Association in Tomsk. All the mandatory documentation was obtained and fully complies with the requirements for nutritional supplements.
SEM imaging and XPS characterization of doped PVDF fibers
Authors: Smejkalová Tereza , Ţălu Ştefan , Dallaev Rashid , Částková Klára , Sobola Dinara , Nazarov Anton
Published: June 2021

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is one of the most promising electroactive polymers; it exhibits excellent electroactive behaviours, good biocompatibility, excellent chemical resistance, and thermal stability, rendering it an attractive material for biomedical, electronic, environmental and energy harvesting applications. This work aims to further improve its properties by the inclusion of powders of piezoactive materials. Polyvinylidene fluoride was formed by electrospinning into fibres with a thickness of 1.5-0.3 µm and then examined in a scanning electron microscope. The work offers a description of the current procedure in the preparation of samples and their modification for examination in a scanning electron microscope, characterizes the individual components of doped fibres and deals with specific instruments used for various analytical methods. The work contains a theoretical introduction to the analytical methods to which the samples will be further subjected, such as energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The obtained excellent properties of doped PVDF could be used in the design of sensors.
Preparation of PVDF-CNT composite
Authors: Misiurev Denis , Ţălu Ştefan , Dallaev Rashid , Sobola Dinara , Goncharova Mariya
Published: June 2021

Limitations of ceramic piezomaterials (brittleness, toxicity of lead-containing samples, difficulties of complicated shapes preparations, etc.) call for the research in the field of piezoelectric polymers. One of them is polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). It could be prepared in various forms: thin films, bulk samples, fibers. PVDF fibers attract the most attention because of high flexibility, lightweight, mechanical stability, chemical inertness. Properties of PVDF fibers can be tuned using dopant material: ceramic particles, metal nanoparticles, graphite materials as graphene oxide or carbon nanotubes (CNT).
Risk assessment model of compromising personal data on mobile devices
Authors: Izergin Dmitry , Eremeev Michael
Published: June 2021

Development of the information space to an avalanche-like increase in the volume of mobile data on the Internet. The generated digital portraits of users are becoming one of the main products for sale. The high quality of user digital portraits and their number is achieved through the use of intelligent data processing methods and the presence of large data sets. The volume of data processed by mobile devices and the number of modern services that collect various types of information make the issue of ensuring the confidentiality of user information the most important. Existing security mechanisms for mobile operating systems, as a rule, are aimed at neutralizing harmful effects and do not ensure the safety of personal data from legitimate services. The article proposes a model for assessing the risks of compromising personal data on mobile devices based on the correlation analysis of public information about service developers in order to detect the possibility of aggregating data from various sources.
Impact of sequencing data filtering on the quality of de novo transcriptome assembly
Authors: Meger Yakov , Vodiasova Ekaterina , Lantushenko Anastasiya
Published: June 2021

There are many assemblers with different algorithms that are used for de novo transcriptome assembly. At the same time, the filtering stage, which is one of the key stages, also has several approaches and algorithms. However, to date, there are only few studies on the effect of the degree of filtration on the de novo transcriptome assembly, specially for single-end reads. In this paper, we analyzed transcriptomes obtained using two of the most common software (rnaSPADES and Trinity), and also applied various approaches to the stage of filtering reads. The key differences between the two assemblies were shown and the parameters that were sensitive to the degree of filtering and the length of the input reads were identified. An efficient two-stage filtering algorithm was also proposed, which allows one to preserve the volume of input data as much as possible with the required quality of all reads after filtering and trimming.
Information support of the flow processes in the smart city transport and logistics system: methodology basis
Authors: Savin Gleb
Published: June 2021

The transport and logistics system is a high-tech intelligent system that focuses on the development of the relevant world-class industry, innovations, software and people’s skills. Besides, it is aimed to exchange routine interaction between economic operators with the use of distributed data registry technology and intelligent management systems, develop a trust center of competence, and form an open architecture with dynamic infrastructure development. At the same time, with the general trend for digitalization, today there are two main ways of their development distinguished: machine learning of the vehicle for its interaction with pedestrians and stationary objects, and filling the infrastructure with accounting and information systems when combined with intelligent transport systems. These days the development of the second way lags behind due to the high cost of both bringing its current state into a normative form, and creating a new digital and intelligent world-class infrastructure. In this situation the development of smart contracts is a necessary element for coordinating and organising transportation, which also provides effective transformation of the transport and logistics system, savings for economic operators and the city’s environment improvement.
Selection of optimal places for constructions of renewable energy stations in Myanmar using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method
Authors: Min Thu Yein , Tyagunov Michael , Haiyang He
Published: June 2021

The article discusses the formulation of the problem of choosing the optimal places for building renewable energy stations in Myanmar using the analytical hierarchical process (AHP) method. Today Myanmar is a developing country in Southeast Asia. Myanmar possesses a variety of energy resources, including renewable and non-renewable energy sources. Humans have especially used, and are now using, fossil fuels. After 2010, Myanmar began to focus heavily on renewable energy sources (RES). The Ministry of Electricity and Energy (MOEE) is the responsible ministry for the energy sector in Myanmar. MOEE is also responsible for the production, production and transportation of oil and gas. Myanmar has long been isolated from international markets, and funding sources have historically limited development and therefore pressure on its environment. Many of its resources remain relatively intact despite the lack of effective environmental regulations. However, as the country integrates into the world economy and its economic development are accelerating, resource degradation is growing rapidly. Deforestation of closed forests in recent years has been the fastest growing among large Southeast Asian countries, most of which are driven by plantation concessions and other large-scale projects. In order to reduce the use of fossil fuels and increase the use of renewable energy sources in Myanmar, it is necessary to investigate where and which RES are optimal depending on all situations.
Application of ergonomics to layout design of manned submersible
Authors: Ye Cong , Xu Weizhe , Liu Shuai
Published: June 2021

Manned submersible is a complex man-machine-environment system, ergonomics design is an indispensable link in layout design of manned submersible, the advantages and disadvantages of ergonomics design will directly affect the operation and maintenance efficiency of submersible. This paper introduces the application of ergonomics to the equipment layout design of submersible and the layout design of manned cabin. Firstly, in terms of the principle of equipment layout design, the stability, maintainability, operation requirements and electromagnetic compatibility of manned submersible are comprehensively considered to partition the equipment layout, and accessibility and extravehicular light environment design are also considered. Then, from the aspects of manned cockpit hole parameters, equipment layout, hatch access ladder and light environment design in cabin, the ergonomics-oriented cabin layout design process is expounded.
Multi-view-based cooperative observation method for space non-cooperative target's attitude determination
Authors: Zhao Di , Sun Chong , Yuan Jianping , Yuan Jing
Published: June 2021

The parameter identification of a non-cooperative target is a key problem of on-orbit servicing. Due to poor priori information about the motion and structure of non-cooperative targets, the traditional cooperative estimation architecture is inadequate. In addition, the existing method based on single observation spacecraft is difficult to ensure a good observation state for a long time. This paper proposes a method for observing and estimating attitude kinematic state of a non-cooperative space target based on multi-spacecrafts cooperative observation. The space target's 3D point cloud data is reconstructed based on the data with different viewpoints. The target's attitude change is calculated based on the 3D point cloud matching, and the kinematics information is estimated via EKF filtering. The simulation results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed approach. As the proposed method does not require priori model, structural information or accurate motion information of the tumbling non-cooperative target, it can avoid the influence of occlusion or date missing in space observation, it is suitable for space on-orbit servicing with non-cooperative target in future.
Study on delamination damage evolution of composite L-shaped adhesive joint based on cohesive behavior
Authors: Tuo Hongliang , Lu Zhixian , Ma Xiaoping , Guo Hongyu
Published: June 2021

The adhesive joint of composite materials is one of the typical structures in aircraft structures, and the delamination damage is one of the most important damage modes in composite adhesive joints. In this paper, static and fatigue tests were carried out on L-shaped adhesive joints to analyze the damage evolution and failure modes of delamination damage under static and fatigue loadings. Based on the cohesive constitutive models, the static and high-cycle fatigue delamination constitutive models were developed. The static and fatigue numerical models of composite L-shaped adhesive joints were established by using finite element software. The stress distribution, deformation modes and delamination propagation laws were systematically studied. The simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results. The delamination damage initiation, evolution and failure mechanism of L-shaped adhesive joints under static and fatigue loads were revealed by combining the experimental and the numerical results, which will provide theoretical and engineering guidance for strength and fatigue analysis of composite adhesive structures.
A RUL prediction method of equipments based on MSDCNN-LSTM
Authors: Liu Chang , Chen Wenbai
Published: June 2021

In order to solve the problems of high data dimension and insufficient consideration of time series correlation information, a multi-scale deep convolutional neural network and long-short-term memory (MSDCNN-LSTM) hybrid model is proposed for remaining useful life (RUL) of equipments. First, the sensor data is processed through normalization and sliding time window to obtain input samples; then multi-scale deep convolutional neural network (MSDCNN) is used to capture detailed spatial features, at the same time, time-dependent features are extracted for effective prediction combining with long short-term memory (LSTM). Experiments on simulation dataset of commercial modular aero-propulsion system show that, compared with other state-of-the-art methods, the prediction method proposed in this paper has achieved better RUL prediction results, especially for the prediction of the life of equipment with complex failure modes and operating conditions. The effect is obvious. It can be seen that the prediction method proposed in this paper is feasible and effective.
Test optimization selection method based on NSGA-3 and improved Bayesian network model
Authors: Han Lu , Shi Xianjun , Zhai Yuyao
Published: June 2021

Most of the solutions to existing test selection problems are based on single-objective optimization algorithms and multi-signal models, which maybe lead to some problems such as rough index calculation and large solution set limitations. To solve these problems, a test optimization selection method based on NSGA-3 algorithm and Bayesian network model is proposed. Firstly, the paper describes the improved Bayesian network model, expounds the method of model establishment, and introduces the model's learning ability and processing ability on uncertain information. According to the constraints and objective functions established by the design requirements, NSGA-3 is used to calculate the test optimization selection scheme based on the improved Bayesian network model. Taking a certain component of the missile airborne radar as an example, the fault detection rate and isolation rate are selected as constraints, and the false alarm rate, misdiagnosis rate, test cost, and test quantity are the optimization goals. The method of this paper is used for test optimization selection. It has been verified that this method can effectively solve the problem of multi-objective test selection, and has guiding significance for testability design.
Optimization algorithm of communication systems with intelligent reflecting surface for internet of things
Authors: Li Miaoyu , Du Zhonghao , Liu Yutong , Niu Siying
Published: June 2021

With the development of 5th-generation(5G) wireless systems and internet of things(IoT), high speed wireless communications are facing severe challenges due to numerous connections of communication terminals and limited frequency resources. Intelligent reflecting surface(IRS), a newly appeared wireless communication technology, has attracts people's attentions worldwide by its low power consumptions and costs. In order to improve the communication rates of users, this paper proposes a novel optimization algorithm by implementing the deep learning to IRS for establishing the mapping from the channel state information to the optimal reflecting coefficient matrix of IRS. The present algorithm can perform real-time reconfiguration of IRS while protecting the privacy of IoT users.
Lack of Predictive Power in Commonly Used Tests for Performance in Alpine Skiing
Authors: Nilsson Robert , Theos Apostolos , Lindberg Ann-Sofie , Ferguson Richard A. , Malm Christer
Published: June 2021

Competitive alpine skiing is a complex sport that requires high physical and technical competence. Testing the physical status of athletes may be important to increase their ability to achieve elite sport-specific performance. This study aimed to investigate the predictive power of the national test battery of the Swedish Olympic Committee (Fysprofilen) and anthropometric variables in the prediction of competitive performance of elite alpine skiers, indicated by Fédération Internationale de Ski points. Data from fourteen Swedish elite female alpine skiers were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate statistical methods. Physiological test results and anthropometric data could not generate significant bivariate or multivariate models for prediction of competitive performance. Multivariate regression (R2) and prediction (Q2) models for Fédération Internationale de Ski Slalom and Giant Slalom rank reached R2=0.27 to 0.43, Q2=+− 0.8 to−0.17, indicating no valid models. The overall interpretation of these and previous findings are that future test batteries must be validated before implemented, and that test results should be treated with caution when it comes to prediction of future competitive results. Applying tests that are not validated against competitive performance risk misleading coaches and training advisors who aim to increase the sports-specific performance of the individual athlete.
Vaginal Delivery and Low Gestational Age are Key Risk Factors for Hypernatremia in Neonates<32 Weeks
Authors: Eugster Nadia S. , Corminboeuf Florence , Koch Gilbert , Vogt Julia E. , Sutter Thomas , van Donge Tamara , Pfister Marc , Gerull Roland
Published: June 2021

Background Preterm neonates frequently experience hypernatremia (plasma sodium concentrations >145 mmol/l), which is associated with clinical complications, such as intraventricular hemorrhage.

Study design In this single center retrospective observational study, the following 7 risk factors for hypernatremia were analyzed in very low gestational age (VLGA, below 32 weeks) neonates: gestational age (GA), delivery mode (DM; vaginal or caesarian section), sex, birth weight, small for GA, multiple birth, and antenatal corticosteroids. Machine learning (ML) approaches were applied to obtain probabilities for hypernatremia.

Results 824 VLGA neonates were included (median GA 29.4 weeks, median birth weight 1170 g, caesarean section 83%). 38% of neonates experienced hypernatremia. Maximal sodium concentration of 144 mmol/l (interquartile range 142–147) was observed 52 hours (41–65) after birth. ML identified vaginal delivery and GA as key risk factors for hypernatremia. The risk of hypernatremia increased with lower GA from 22% for GA ≥ 31–32 weeks to 46% for GA < 31 weeks and 60% for GA < 27 weeks. A linear relationship between maximal sodium concentrations and GA was found, showing decreases of 0.29 mmol/l per increasing week GA in neonates with vaginal delivery and 0.49 mmol/l/week after cesarean section. Sex, multiple birth and antenatal corticosteroids were not associated hypernatremia.

Conclusion VLGA neonates with vaginal delivery and low GA have the highest risk for hypernatremia. Early identification of neonates at risk and early intervention may prevent extreme sodium excursions and associated clinical complications.
Personalisierte Ernährungsangebote aus Verbrauchersicht – Relevanz und Akzeptanz
Authors: Schiller Simone , Buxel Holger
Published: June 2021

Personalisierte Ernährung wird von Marktbeobachtern derzeit als wichtiges Trendthema eingestuft, das auch für die Lebensmittelwirtschaft von Bedeutung ist. In der My-Food-Studie der DLG e. V. wurde untersucht, welche Relevanz und Akzeptanz Angebote zur Personalisierung der Ernährung aus Verbrauchersicht derzeit besitzen.
Sex und Porno im Forschungsalltag – ein Werkstattbericht über den Umgang mit sexuell explizitem Material in der empirischen Forschung
Authors: Lewandowski Sven , Siemer Tara Elena
Published: June 2021

Dieser Beitrag reflektiert anhand der Erfahrungen des Forschungsprojekts „Die Praxen der Amateurpornographie“ die Besonderheiten und Schwierigkeiten der qualitativen empirischen Sexualforschung sowie des wissenschaftlichen Umgangs mit pornografischem Bildmaterial. Dargestellt werden sowohl formelle wie informelle „Entschärfungsmaßnahmen“, die die wissenschaftliche Analyse sexuellen Materials ermöglichen. Dabei zeigt sich, dass sich letztere zwar nicht in regelgeleitete Verfahren überführen lassen, aber wichtige Funktionen erfüllen. Der Beitrag möchte eine Diskussion über den Umgang mit sexuell explizitem Material in der Forschungspraxis anstoßen.
Diagnosis and staging of hepatobiliary malignancies: Potential incremental value of (18)F-FDG-PET/MRI compared to MRI of the liver
Authors: Obmann Verena Carola , Grosse-Hokamp Nils , Alberts Ian , Fulton Nicholas , Rassouli Negin , Siegel Christopher , Avril Norbert , Herrmann Karin Anna
Published: June 2021

Objective The purpose of the study was to investigate the potential added value of 18F-FDG-PET/MRI (functional information derived from PET) over standard diagnostic liver MRI (excellent soft tissue characterization) in diagnosing and staging suspected primary hepatobiliary malignancies including extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC), intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma (ICC) and gallbladder cancer (GBCA).

Methods Twenty consecutive patients with suspected hepatobiliary malignancy were included in this retrospective study. All patients underwent combined whole-body (WB) 18F-FDG-PET/MRI including contrast-enhanced MRI of the liver, contrast-enhanced WB-MRI and WB 18F-FDG-PET. Two experienced readers staged hepatobiliary disease using TNM criteria: first based on MRI alone and then based on combined 18F-FDG-PET/MRI. Subsequently, the impact of FDG-PET/MRI on clinical management compared to MRI alone was recorded. Histopathologic proof served as the reference standard.

Results Hepatobiliary neoplasms were present in 16/20 patients (ECC n = 3, ICC n = 8, GBCA n = 5), two patients revealed benign disease, two were excluded. TNM staging with 18F-FDG-PET/MRI was identical to MRI alone in 11/18 (61.1 %) patients and correctly changed the stage in 4/18 (22.2 %), resulting in a change in management for 2/4 patients (11.1 %). 18F-FDG-PET/MRI was false-positive in 3/18 cases (16.7 %). Both MRI and 18F-FDG-PET/MRI were falsely positive in 1 case without malignancy.

Conclusions A small incremental benefit of 18F-FDG-PET/MRI over standard MRI of the liver was observed. However, in some cases 18F-FDG-PET/MRI may lead to false-positive findings. Overall there is seemingly limited role of 18F-FDG-PET/MRI in patients with suspected hepatobiliary malignancy.
Cochlear Implantation in Vestibular Schwannoma: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Tadokoro Kent , Bartindale Matthew Robert , El-Kouri Nadeem , Moore Dennis , Britt Christopher , Kircher Matthew
Published: June 2021

Objective Ipsilateral cochlear implantation (CI) in vestibular schwannoma (VS) has been an emerging trend over the last two decades. We conducted the first systematic review of hearing outcomes comparing neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2) and sporadic VS undergoing CI. A comparison of the two populations and predictor of outcome was assessed. This is an update to a previously presented study.

Data Sources Systemic data searches were performed in PubMed NCBI and Scopus by an academic librarian. No restrictions based on the year of publication were used.

Study Selection Studies were selected if patients had a diagnosis of NF2 and a CI placed in the affected side with reports of hearing outcome. Two independent reviewers screened each abstract and full-text article.

Data Extraction Studies were extracted at the patient level, and the assessment of quality and bias was evaluated according to the National Institutes of Health Quality Assessment Tool.

Main Outcome Measures Outcome predictors were determined by using the chi-square test and Student's t-test.

Results Overall, most CI recipients functioned in the high-to-intermediate performer category for both sporadic and NF2-related VS. Median AzBio (Arizona Biomedical Institute Sentence Test) was 72% (interquartile range [IQR]: 50) in NF2 patients and 70% (IQR: 7.25) in sporadic patients. Larger tumor size predicted a poorer final audiometric outcome.

Conclusions Categorization of hearing outcome into superior performance and inferior performance based on sentence recognition revealed a generally good hearing outcome regardless of treatment or patient population. Select patients with sporadic and NF2 VS may benefit from CI.
The Role of Visfatin (Adipocytokine) Biomarker in Oral Health and Diseases among Nonobese Indian Population: A Proteomic Assay
Authors: Coutinho Amita , Reddy Neethu , Chatterjee Anirban , Khan Mahamad Irfanulla
Published: June 2021

Visfatin is an adipocytokine and a potential biomarker encoded by the nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase gene. It belongs to the nicotinic acid phosphoribosyltransferase family and involved in various metabolic processes and aging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of visfatin biomarker in oral diseases like periodontitis. A total of 60 patients (20–50 years) were included in this study, and they were divided into three groups. Group I consisted of 20 subjects with healthy periodontium, group II consisted of 20 subjects with generalized moderate gingivitis, and group III consisted of 20 subjects with generalized periodontitis. The clinical periodontal parameters, including plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment levels, were recorded, and saliva samples were collected. Salivary visfatin concentrations were assessed using standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results of the study showed that the visfatin concentrations were higher in patients with gingivitis and periodontitis compared with those of healthy individuals. Visfatin was found highest in group III (38.22 ± 3.38 ng/mL) followed by group II (26.66 ± 2.24 ng/mL) and the group I (25.60 ± 2.19 ng/mL). Thus, salivary visfatin is a potential inflammatory biomarker and acts as a mediator in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and, might serve as a diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker in oral diseases like periodontitis.
Assessment of the Utility of Plusoptix A09 Handheld Photo-refractometer in Screening Refractory Errors and Amblyopia in Children
Authors: Sinanoglu Muhammed Selcuk , Cengiz Yakıncı , Demirel Soner
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study is to find out the frequency of anisometropic amblyopia in children and to increase awareness about this disease. All children between the ages of 4 and 10 years who were attending 11 kindergarten and primary schools determined by provincial directorate for national education in the center of Malatya were included. A screening team including interns and a resident from the Department of Pediatrics have used Plusoptix A09 handheld photo-refractometer device for detecting amblyopia and its reasons. A total of 7,000 students were screened. The mean age of the students was 7.4 ± 2 years. Amblyopia was suspected in 357 cases with the Plusoptix S09 screening. After eye examinations performed by an ophthalmologist, 303 cases were found to have pathologic eye examination. Amblyopia was found in 67 (18.8%) of the 303 cases, and anisometropic amblyopia was found in 59 of 67 cases. As a result of the screening, sensitivity of Plusoptix A09 was found to be 88.1%, while its specificity was found to be 88.6%. Its positive predictive value was found to be 64.0% and its negative predictive value was found to be 97.0%. We believe that with screenings performed by health professionals who are given short-term training by using a device that can conduct remote measurements, detection of anisometropic amblyopia, which is the most frequent reason for amblyopia, can be done in a fast and relatively less expensive way and with the minimum number of specialist physician required. This way, children with amblyopia can reach the ophthalmologist earlier for treatment.
Meeting the Challenge of COVID-19 Pandemic in Mental Health Care in a Tertiary-Care General Hospital in India
Authors: Sood Mamta , Chadda Rakesh K.
Published: June 2021

Medical profession has proved its versatility in the adoption of many strategies to deal with the impact of COVID-19. All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India is a large public funded medical school and general hospital in North India. Psychiatry department is one of the 42 departments at AIIMS. COVID-19 has impacted all the functions of the department: clinical care, teaching and training, research and other roles. In this communication, we report the strategies, simple yet effective improvisations to meet the challenges of COVID-19 so as to continue the basic functions of the discipline. This could serve as a model for continued functioning of a tertiary care teaching medical facility in a pandemic situation.
The Accuracy and Ability of Preoperative Templating to Restore Femoral Offset in Calcar-Guided Short-Stem Total Hip Prosthesis through Direct Anterior Approach
Authors: Favier Barbara , van Beek Nathalie , Tengrootenhuysen Mike
Published: June 2021

The aim of this study was to assess the applicability and ability of preoperative templating to restore femoral offset and hip length with a calcar-guided short-stem implant design in total hip arthroplasty through the direct anterior approach. Preoperative measurements were performed of femoral offset, hip length, and stem size and compared with the perioperative placed prosthesis in 100 patients undergoing primary total hip replacement through direct anterior approach. Additionally, the pre- and postoperative femoral offset and hip length were compared to evaluate the ability to restore the offset and hip length with this kind of femoral short stem. With an acceptance of 1 size difference pre- and postoperatively, a 94% accuracy of predicting the size of the calcar-guided short stem was achieved with templating. Femoral offset was within means of 5 mm in 82.2% of the patients. Postoperative hip length was within 6 mm in 90% of the patients compared with the preoperative length.

The use of preoperative templating for total hip arthroplasty with calcar-guided short-stem implants was proven to be a useful tool to predict the definite implanted size of the femoral prosthesis. Our results show that this new stem design does not significantly differ from previous reported outcomes with other stem designs and is competent to restore the femoral offset and hip length within clinical acceptable range.

Level of evidence Level 3 retrospective case study.
Enteral Feeding for Children on Bilevel Positive Pressure Ventilation for Status Asthmaticus
Authors: Komeswaran Kavipriya , Khanal Aayush , Powell Kimberly , Caprirolo Giovanna , Majcina Ryan , Robbs Randall S. , Basnet Sangita
Published: June 2021

A retrospective data analysis was conducted to evaluate enteral nutrition practices for children admitted with status asthmaticus in a single-center pediatric intensive care unit. Of 406 charts, 315 were analyzed (63% male); 135 on bilevel positive airway pressure ventilation (BIPAP) and 180 on simple mask. Overall median age and weight were 6.0 (interquartile range [IQR]: 6.0) years and 24.8 (IQR: 20.8) kg, respectively. All children studied were on full feeds while still on BIPAP and simple mask; 99.3 and 100% were fed per oral, respectively. Median time to initiation of feeds and full feeds was longer in the BIPAP group, 11.0 (IQR: 20) and 23.0 hours (IQR: 26), versus simple mask group, 4.3 (IQR: 7) and 12.0 hours (IQR: 15), p = 0.001. The results remained similar after adjusting for gender, weight, clinical asthma score at admission, use of adjunct therapy, and duration of continuous albuterol. By 24 hours, 81.5% of patients on BIPAP and 96.6% on simple mask were started on feeds. Compared with simple mask, patients on BIPAP were sicker with median asthma score at admission of 4 (IQR: 2) versus 3 (IQR: 2) on simple mask, requiring more adjunct therapy (80.0 vs. 43.9%), and a longer median length of therapy of 41.0 (IQR: 41) versus 20.0 hours (IQR: 29), respectively, p = 0.001. There were no complications such as aspiration pneumonia, and none required invasive mechanical ventilation in either group. Enteral nutrition was effectively and safely initiated and continued for children admitted with status asthmaticus, including those on noninvasive bilevel ventilation therapy.
A healing-centered approach to preventing urban gun violence: The Advance Peace Model
Authors: Corburn Jason , Boggan DeVone , Muttaqi Khaalid , Vaughn Sam , Houston James , Thibodeaux Julius , Muhammad Brian
Published: June 2021

Urban gun violence is the result of and contributes to trauma for both individuals and communities. In the US, African American males between 15 and 34 years old bear the greatest mortality burden from gun violence. Community-based approaches that use credible, street-level outreach workers to interrupt conflicts, mentor the small number of offenders in each community, and offer them alternatives to violent conflict resolution, have demonstrated success in reducing firearm homicides. Yet, few of these approaches explicitly aim to also address the traumas of structural violence that contribute to gun crime, including dehumanizing policing, extreme poverty, and institutional racism. This commentary describes a program called Advance Peace that aims to explicitly use a healing-centered approach to address the traumas associated with violence as a means to reduce gun crime in urban communities. We describe the trauma-informed, healing-centered approach used by Advance Peace, the components of its intensive outreach strategy called the Peacemaker Fellowship, and some impacts the program is having on trauma and healing. The evidence comes from observations, interviews, and the voices of Advance Peace participants and staff. We suggest that exploring the inner workings of the Advance Peace model is critical for identifying ways to support trauma-informed healing-centered approaches in Black and brown communities that have been ravaged by racism, incarceration, and heavy-handed state violence.
Tuning the Solubility of Deep Eutectic Solvents for Specific Applications
Authors: Green Leigh Ann
Published: June 2021

Solvation of the hydrophobic dye molecule indigo points to engineered deep eutectics as superior, application-specific solvents.
Coherent terahertz microscopy of modal field distributions in micro-resonators
Authors: Sulollari Nikollao , Keeley James , Park SaeJune , Rubino Pierluigi , Burnett Andrew D. , Li Lianhe , Rosamond Mark C. , Linfield Edmund H. , Davies A. Giles , Cunningham John E. , Dean Paul
Published: June 2021

Near-field microscopy techniques operating in the terahertz (THz) frequency band offer the tantalizing possibility of visualizing with nanometric resolution the localized THz fields supported by individual resonators, micro-structured surfaces, and metamaterials. Such capabilities promise to underpin the future development and characterization of a wide range of devices, including THz emitters, detectors, optoelectronic modulators, sensors, and novel optical components. In this work, we report scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy using a THz-frequency quantum cascade laser (QCL) to probe coherently the localized field supported by individual micro-resonator structures. Our technique demonstrates deep sub-wavelength mapping of the field distribution associated with in-plane resonator modes in plasmonic dipole antennas and split ring resonator structures. By exploiting electronic tuning of the QCL in conjunction with the coherent self-mixing effect in these lasers, we are able to resolve both the magnitude and the phase of the out-of-plane field. We, furthermore, show that the elliptically polarized state of the QCL field can be exploited for the simultaneous excitation and measurement of plasmonic resonances in these structures while suppressing the otherwise dominant signal arising from the local material permittivity.
One-dimensional polyhedral chain of ThCl6 encapsulated within single-walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Kuganathan Navaratnarajah
Published: June 2021

Using density functional theory together with dispersion correction, we optimize geometries and calculate encapsulation energies, charge transfer, and electronic structures of a one-dimensional ThCl6 chain encapsulated within single-walled carbon nanotubes. The optimized structures are in agreement with the experimentally observed single chain of ThCl6 confined within nanotubes. Exoergic encapsulation energies indicate that the chain is thermodynamically stable inside the nanotubes. The inclusion of dispersion correction enhanced the encapsulation. The strong nature of encapsulation is further confirmed by the charge transfer between the nanotubes and the chain. The one-dimensional chain structure exhibits a small increase (0.20 eV) in the bandgap compared to that of bulk ThCl4. The metallic (15,0) tube becomes a narrow gap semiconductor upon encapsulation, while the semiconducting nature of the (17,0) tube is still kept despite the reduction in the bandgap.
Patterns of wildfire risk in the United States from systematic operational risk assessments: how risk is characterised by land managers
Authors: Noonan-Wright Erin , Seielstad Carl A.
Published: June 2021

Risk management is a significant part of federal wildland fire management in the USA because policy encourages the use of fire to maintain and restore ecosystems while protecting life and property. In this study, patterns of wildfire risk were explored from operational relative risk assessments (RRA) completed by land managers on 5087 wildfires from 2010 to 2017 in every geographic area of the USA. The RRA is the formal risk assessment used by land managers to develop strategies on emerging wildfires when concerns and issues related to wildfire management are in real-time. Only 38% of these wildfires were rated as high risk and 28% had high ratings for values at risk. Large regional variations were evident, with the West Coast regions selecting high risk and the South-west and Eastern regions selecting low risk. There were finer-scale influences on perceived risk when summarised on a jurisdictional level. Finally, risk summarised by USA agencies showed that the National Park Service and USDA Forest Service selected high risk less frequently compared with other agencies. By illuminating patterns of risk, this research intends to stimulate examination of the social, cultural, and physiographic factors influencing conceptions of risk.
A Nondestructive Detection Method Based on Target Resonance
Authors: Chen Lin , Guo Chunxian , Yinchun A , Zhang Huaiqing
Published: June 2021

Conventional eddy current testing (ECT) considers the detected target as an RL series (RLs) circuit. Starts from the problem of grounding grid break point detection, this paper proposes a detection method based on RLC series (RLCs) circuit resonance since a break point introduces a capacitor for the detection target. When the RLCs target circuit is coupled with the transmitter coil, the input impedance-frequency curve changes significantly. This paper focuses on methodological exploration, and the influences of target coil capacitance, resistance and detection distance on detection system’s impedance curve are discussed. Simulation and experimental results show the proposed method can distinguish the RLs and RLCs target circuit, and the detection distance of the RLC target is much greater than the RL target detection distance under the same condition. Besides, the feature region, where the impedance curve changes significantly when RLCs circuit is coupled to the transmitting coil, is located near the resonance point of the testing target. Moreover, the detection distance increases with the decrease of the target resistance. In addition, the closer the coil distance is and the smaller the resistance is, the more obvious the feature region will be.
Collaborative Control of Unmanned Underwater Vehicles
Authors: Wang Huailong , Yao Zhenxing , Guo Yinghui
Published: June 2021

This paper targets at urgent issues, which are the search for complex underwater environments and the effective control of underwater seas. Firstly, studies the collaborative control of task-oriented UUV. Secondly, designs reasonable controllers and prove the rendezvous of UUV. At last, based on Matlab software and numerical simulation, verifies the effectiveness of controllers.
Temperature Field Acquisition And Data Analysis Of Coke Oven
Authors: Zhao R T , Liu W Q , Wei J S , Guo Y Y , Wang L C , Yang P
Published: June 2021

In coking process of the coke oven, in order to realize the accurate detection of the temperature field data of the coke oven, this paper designs a high precision timing automatic inspection device. It uses a infrared pyrometer to quickly obtain the radial temperature profile of the flue, then based on it, it can get accurate flue temperature through analyzing. The temperature distribution of coke oven depends entirely on the results of the representative flue. The comparison between the temperature measured by the system and the temperature measured by people shows that the system is stable and reliable, it can accurately obtain the temperature of representative flue, then analyze the temperature field of the whole coke oven which taken as an important basis for adjusting the coke oven process parameters and ensuring the quality of coke.