bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Srovnávat nesrovnatelné
Authors: Sobek Tomáš
Published: December 2020

Tento článek se zabývá problémem těžké volby při srovnávání dvou velmi odlišných alternativ. Takové srovnání můžeme akceptovat jako skutečné dilema, nebo odmítnout jako chybné posouzení, protože se srovnává něco nesrovnatelného. Ale co přesně namítáme, když někoho kritizujeme, že srovnává nesrovnatelné? Co vlastně znamená, když o někom řekneme, že srovnává jablka s hruškami? Ukážeme si, že hlavním zdrojem problému není skutečnost, že se srovnávají položky různého druhu, ale spíše potřeba zohledňovat relevantní kontexty. Náročnost porovnání je úzce svázána s náročností jeho zdůvodnění. Skutečnost, že se srovnává nesrovnatelné, se pak projevuje ve vadách takového zdůvodnění. Zejména v tom, že se nedostává uspokojivá odpověď na praktické otázky, proč se v daném kontextu porovnávají zrovna tyto dvě položky, proč se zde porovnávají podle tohoto a ne jiného kritéria a co z takového porovnávání pro tento kontext vlastně vyplývá. Problém srovnávání nesrovnatelného bude ilustrován na příkladech z estetiky, etiky a teorie práva. This article deals with the hard choice when comparing two very different alternatives. Such a comparison can be accepted as a true dilemma or it can be rejected as a wrong evaluation because it is compared something incomparable. But what exactly do we object to by criticizing someone for comparing the incomparable? What does it mean to say that someone compares apples with oranges? I will show that the main source of the problem is not the fact that items of different kinds are compared, but rather the need to take into account relevant contexts. The difficulty of comparison is closely linked to the hardness of its justification. The fact that it is comparing the incomparable is then reflected in the defects of such a justification. Especially in the absence of a satisfactory answer to the practical questions why just these two items are compared in the given context, why they are compared here according to this and not another criterion, and what follows from such a comparison for this context. The problem of comparing the incomparable will be illustrated by examples drawn from aesthetics, ethics and legal theory.
Filip Tvrdý o naturalizaci filosofie
Authors: Hříbek Tomáš
Published: December 2020

Článek rozlišuje několik verzí současného naturalismu: revizionistickou, konstruktivní a antireprezentacionalistickou. Revizionistický naturalismus doporučuje nahradit tradiční filosofické zkoumání povahy věcí genetickým zkoumáním původu našich, často mylných, přesvědčení o povaze věcí. Konstruktivní naturalismus akceptuje zadání tradiční filosofie, ale doufá, že dokáže její otázky zodpovědět pomocí více méně vědeckých metod. Antireprezentacionalistický naturalismus je extenzí metaetického expresivismu v tom smyslu, že popírá deskriptivní povahu všech filosofických tezí. Tyto distinkce mohou pomoci klasifikovat jeden z nejexplicitněji naturalistických projektů v novější české filosofii, Nesnáze introspekce (2015) Filipa Tvrdého. Tvrdý oficiálně sleduje genetický, revizionistický projekt, který však nespadá vjedno s antireprezentacionalismem. Avšak v jeho knize najdeme i stopy konstruktivního naturalismu. The paper distinguishes several versions of contemporary naturalism: revisionary, constructive, and non-representational. Revisionary naturalismus pleads substituting the traditional philosophical inquiry into the nature of things by a genetic inquiry into the origin of our – often faulty – beliefs about the nature of things. Constructive naturalism accepts the program of traditional philosophy, yet hoping that its questions could be answered by broadly scientific methods. Non-representational naturalism is an extension of metaethical expressivism, claiming that philosophical claims should not be understood as descriptive in nature. These distinctions can help us classify the most self-consciously naturalistic project in the recent Czech philosophy, Filip Tvrdý’s Troubles of Introspection (2015). Tvrdý is officially pursuing a genetic, revisionary project, which does not coincide with non-representational naturalism. However, there are also traces of constructive naturalism in Tvrdý’s book.
Je to o fenomenálním charakteru
Authors: Polák Michal
Published: December 2020

Argumentace Tomáše Hříbka proti fenomenálnímu charakteru se opírá především o Dennettova stanoviska. Dennettem dlouhodobě preferovaná strategie při vypořádání se s tímto problémem je metodologický naturalismus. Tato strategie jistě přinesla své ovoce, zejména je-li řeč o otevření skutečně kritické diskuse na téma kválií. Problém vědomí je však v současnosti traktován spíše v rámci materialistické metafyziky, než z pohledu Dennettova metodologického naturalismu. Tato preference má své empirické, ale i filosofické důvody, o nichž jsme hovořili s Tomášem Marvanem v knize Vědomí a jeho teorie. Protože Hříbkova monografie reaguje na některé názory z této knihy, komentuji Hříbkovy reakce a upřesňuji naše postoje. Zároveň se vyjadřuji k zařazení naší pozice v rámci materialistické metafyziky k materialismu typu B. V druhé části statě se zabývám problémem fenomenálního charakteru vědomé zkušenosti a snažím se argumentovat, že tento těžký problém nelze odstranit pouze tím, že se prokáže neudržitelnost tradičního chápání kválií.
Perbandingan Respon Akut Olahraga Futsal Pagi Dan Futsal Malam Terhadap Tekanan Parsial O2 Dan Co2 Pada Individu Dewasa Muda
Authors: Yunus Nur Muhajirah
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTThis study aims to compare the acute response of morning and evening futsal to the partial pressure of O2 and CO2 in young adult individuals. The object of this research is young adult individuals aged 18-23 years. Samples were selected by 20 purposive sampling techniques. The method used in this research is quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest group design. Data were analyzed using paired t-test. The results showed that there was no change in the partial pressure of O2, both in the morning futsal player group (p = 0.43), and in the night futsal player group (p = 0.70). However, the CO2 partial pressure actually experienced a significant change, both in the morning futsal player group (p = 0.01), and in the night futsal player group (p = 0.02). The results of the independent sample t-test showed that there was no significant difference between the partial pressure of O2 (p = 0.98) and the partial pressure of CO2 (p = 0.81) in the group of morning futsal players and night futsal players. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan respon akut olahraga futsal pagi dan futsal malam terhadap tekanan parsial O2 dan CO2 pada individu dewasa muda. Objek pada penelitian ini adalah individu dewasa muda yang berusia 18-23 tahun. Sampel dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling sebanyak 20 orang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperimen dengan pretest-posttest group design. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji t-berpasangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terjadi perubahan tekanan parsial O2, baik pada kelompok pemain futsal pagi (p=0.43), maupun pada kelompok pemain futsal malam (p=0.70). Akan tetapi, tekanan parsial CO2 justru mengalami perubahan yang signifikan, baik pada kelompok pemain futsal pagi (p=0.01), maupun pada kelompok pemain futsal malam (p=0.02). Hasil uji independent sample t- test menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara tekanan parsial O2 (p=0.98) dan tekanan parsial CO2 (p=0.81) pada kelompok pemain futsal pagi dan pemain futsal malam.
Pengaruh Metode Latihan Target Terhadap Peningkatan Hasil Ketepatan Shooting Pada Permainan Futsal
Authors: Ghaly Habitullah Alif Sya’ban
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the effect of training using the target method on the accuracy of shooting in futsal games. This type of research used in this study is a quasi-experimental design of this study using Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. This study has two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group was treated (treatmet) the target game training method and the control group was given only conventional training. The treatment given by researchers was 12 meetings in 1 month. The instrument in this study was the shooting accuracy test using the target method in futsal games. Data analysis using t test (paired sample t test) at the significance level of 0.05. From the research it is known that there is a significant effect on the experimental group that gets the treatment of the target play training method on the accuracy of shooting using the target training method, compared to the control group which is only given conventional training. These results can be seen as having a value of p = 0.000 <0.05, indicating that there is an effect of the target training method on the accuracy of shooting results in futsal. while in the control group the value has a value of p = 0.343> 0.05, indicating that there is no significant effect of conventional training on the accuracy of shooting results in futsal. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari latihan menggunakan metode target terhadap ketepatan shooting pada permainan futsal. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperimen desain penelitian ini menggunakan Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Penelitian ini tedapat dua kelompok yaitu: kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol. Kelompok eksperimen diberi perlakuan (treatmet) metode latihan permainan target dan kelompok kontrol hanya diberi latihan konvesional saja. Perlakuan yang diberikan peneliti sebanyak 12 kali pertemuan dalam 1 bulan. Instrument dalam penelitian ini adalah tes ketepatan shooting menggunakan metode target pada permainan futsal. Analisa data menggunakan uji t (paired sample t test) pada taraf signifikasi 0,05. Dari penelitian diketahui bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan pada kelompok eksperimen yang mendapatkan perlakuan (treatment) metode latihan permainan target terhadap ketepatan shooting menggunakan metode latihan target, dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol yang hanya diberi latihan konvesional saja. Hasil tersebut dapat dilihat memiliki nilai p = 0.000 < 0.05, menunjukkan bahwa adanya pengaruh metode latihan target terhadap ketepatan hasil shooting pada permainan futsal. sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol nilai memiliki nilai p = 0.343 > 0.05, menunjukkan bahwa tidak adanya pengaruh yang signifikan dari latihan konvesional terhadap ketepatan hasil shooting pada permainan futsal.
Pengaruh Latihan Smash Bola Gantung Dan Bola Lambung Terhadap Kemampuan Smash Dalam Permainan Sepaktakraw
Authors: Sahabuddin Sahabuddin
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the extent of the difference in the effect of the hanging ball and hull ball smash training on the sepaktakraw smash ability. By using the field experiment method. The population used was male students of SMA Nasional Makassar with a total sample of 60 people taken by Proposive random sampling. The data analysis technique used is the t-test at a significant level of 95%. The results showed that; (1) There is a significant effect of hanging ball smash practice on the smash ability in the sepaktakraw game for Makassar National High School students, proven to = 13.446> tt = 2.045. There is a significant effect of gastric ball smash practice on smash abilities in the sepaktakraw game for Makassar National High School students, proven to = 10.478> tt = 2.045. There is a significant difference between the hanging ball and hull ball smash practice on the smash ability in the sepaktakraw game among Makassar National High School students, it is proven, to = 9.970> tt = 2,000. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana perbedaan pengaruh antara latihan smash bola gantung dan bola lambung terhadap kemampuan smash sepaktakraw. Dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen lapangan. Populasi yang digunakan adalah siswa Putra SMA Nasional Makassar dengan jumlah sampel 60 orang yangdiambil secara Proposive random sampling. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji-t pada taraf signifikan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa; (1) Ada pengaruh yang signifikan latihan smash bola gantung terhadap kemampuan smash dalam permainan sepaktakraw pada siswa SMA Nasional Makassar, terbukti to = 13,446 > tt = 2,045. Ada pengaruh yang signifikan latihan smash bola  lambung terhadap kemampuan smash dalam permainan sepaktakraw pada siswa SMA Nasional Makassar, terbukti to = 10,478 > tt = 2,045. Ada perbedaan pengaruh yang signifikan antara latihan smash bola gantung dan bola lambung terhadap kemampuan smash dalam permainan sepaktakraw pada siswa SMA Nasional Makassar, terbukti, to = 9,970 > tt = 2,000.
Manajemen National Paralympic Committee Of Indonesia (NPCI) Sulawesi Selatan Dalam Pembinaan Paralympian Di Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Herman Herman , Himawan Muhammad , Nawir Nukhrawi
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTThis research is a descriptive study that aims to determine National Paralympic Committee Of Indonesia Sulawesi South Sulawesi management in building Paralympian in South Sulawesi. The population and samples in this study were all members of a disability sports coaching program. The research subject amounted to 62 people where a manager of 25 trainers was 7 and athletes were 30 people. Data collection techniques using poll. A total of 27 kuisoners of the question consist of 5 answers, namely always, often , sometimes, rarely, never . The collected Data is analysed in a descriptive way and uses the Likert scale. The results of the study have a percentage of each category, namely, the planning is at a strong position of 2045 (78.65%) Of the expected score of 2600 (100%). Organizing is at a strong position of 1547 (79.33) of the expected score of 1950 (100%). The implementation is in a strong position of 1802 (79.20) of the expected score of 2275 (100%). Supervision is at a strong position of 1525 (78.20) of the expected score of 1950 (100%).
Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) Terhadap Daya Tahan Kardiovaskuler
Authors: Kamaruddin Ilham
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTThis study aims to find out the relationship of BMI to cardiovascular resistance in students.  The type of research used is analytical observational research with Cross Sectional approach. The population is all students of the first-rate Barombong Shipping Polytechnic.  A sample of 30 people obtained by simple random sampling with criteria ages 18-21 years, men, willing as a sample, are in good health and have no history of asthma and shortness of breath.  BMI measurement is done with the formula BMI = BB (kg) / TB2 (m2).  Cardiovascular endurance measurement using a bleep test is performed by running 20 meters back and forth. Data analysis techniques use descriptive analysis and regression using SPSS version 2.0 with a validity rate of 95% (α ≤ 0.05). The results of the study obtained BMI is in the normal category and cardiovascular endurance is in the category sufficient. In addition, it was also found that there was a significant relationship between BMI to cardiovascular endurance with an R value of 0.638 and p < 0.05. The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant relationship between BMI and cardiovascular endurance in students of Barombong Shipping Polytechnic. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan IMT terhadap dayatahan kardiovaskuler pada mahasiswa.  Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Populasinya seluruh mahasiswa Politeknik Pelayaran Barombong tingkat pertama.  Sampel berjumlah 30 orang yang diperoleh secara simple random sampling dengan kriteria usia 18-21 tahun, laki-laki, bersedia sebagai sampel,berada dalam keadaan sehat dan tidak memiliki riwayat penyakit asma dan sesak nafas.  Pengukuran IMT dilakukan dengan rumus IMT = BB (kg) / TB2 (m2).  Pengukuran daya tahan kardiovaskuler dengan menggunakan tes lari multi tahap (Bleep Test) dilakukan dengan lari menempuh jarak 20 meter bolak-balik. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan Regresi dengan menggunakan SPSS versi 2.0 dengan tingkat kesahihan 95% (𝛼 ≤ 0,05). Hasil penelitian diperoleh IMT berada pada kategori normal dan  dayat tahan kardiovaskuler berada pada kategori cukup. Selain itu juga ditemukan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara IMT terhadap daya tahan kardiovaskuler dengan nilai R sebesar 0,638 dengan p < 0,05. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara IMT dengan daya tahan kardiovaskuler pada mahasiswa Politeknik Pelayaran Barombong.
Pengaruh Latihan Pull Over Dan Latihan Bench Press Terhadap Kemampuan Servis Atas Bolavoli Pada Siswa Sma Negeri 3 Makassar
Authors: Kamadi La
Published: December 2020

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan pull over terhadap kemampuan servis atas bolavoli, pengaruh latihan bench press terhadap kemampuan servis atas bolavoli, dan perbedaan pengaruh antara latihan pull over dan latihan bench press terhadap kemampuan servis atas bolavoli. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian eksperimen lapangan. Populasi  penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa SMA Negeri 3 Makassar. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 60 orang siswa yang dipilih secara random sampling. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik uji-t pada taraf signifikan 95%. Bertolak dari hasil  analisis data, maka penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa: (1) Ada pengaruh yang signifikan latihan pull over terhadap kemampuan servis atas bolavoli, dimana (to = 14,926 > rt = 2,045); (2) Ada pengaruh yang signifikan latihan bench press terhadap kemampuan servis atas bolavoli, dimana (to= 10,914 > 2,045); (3) Ada perbedaan pengaruh yang signifikan antara latihan pull over dan latihan bench press terhadap kemampuan servis atas bolavoli, dimana (to= 7,448 > tt = 2,000.
Kemampuan Fisik Atlet Pelatda Bolabasket Kabupaten Sinjai
Authors: Kamaruddin Ilham
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTThe study aims to find out the physical condition of athletes the basketball trigger Sinjai. This type of research is a type of expost facto research by analyzing the physical condition of basketball athletes on Sinjai. This research was held on the district PERBASI Pengcab. Sinjai is located in Sinjai. The Instrument test used is the documentation. Its population is the entire athlete of Sinjai's basketball trigger, which amounted to 22 athletes. Samples in this study used saturated samples or total sampling and obtained as much as 22 athletes. The data analysis technique used is a descriptive analysis by classifying each test result according to the category of its physical condition. The results showed that; (1) physical condition of muscular strength of the arm and shoulder basketball athlete Sinjai is categorized well. (2) physical condition of running speed 45.73 M (50 yards) basketball athlete Sinjai is categorized as well. (3) Physical condition of muscular endurance is categorized perfectly ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan fisik atlet Pelatda bola basket Sinjai. Jenis penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian expost facto dengan menganalisis kemampuan fisik atlet bola basket Sinjai pada . Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Pengcab PERBASI Kab. Sinjai yang berlokasi di Sinjai. Instrument tes yang digunakan adalah dokumentasi. Populasinya adalah seluruh atlet Pelatda Bola Basket Sinjai yang berjumlah 22 atlet. Sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan sampel jenuh atau total sampling dan diperoleh sebanyak 22 atlet. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dengan mengklasifikasi setiap hasil tes sesuai dengan kategori kemampuan fisikinya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa; (1) Kemampuan fisik kekuatan otot lengan dan bahu atlet bola basket Sinjai  di kategorikan baik. (2) Kemampuan fisik kecepatan lari 45,73 M (50 yard) atlet bola basket Sinjai  dikategorikan baik. (3) Kemampuan fisik daya tahan otot tungkai dikategorikan sempurna.
Post Appendectomy Blindness, Extremely rare complication after abdominal surgery
Authors:   1Department of Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, P O Box 3050, Doha, Qatar. 2Department of Acute Care Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, P O Box 3050, Doha, Qatar.
Published: December 2020

Perioperative visual loss (POVL) is a drastic complication that can result after ocular and more commonly non-ocular surgery, mostly reported after spine and cardiac bypass procedures. Despite the rarity of such complication, it has been reported following the abdominal surgeries. Overall, the most common cause of POVL is ischemic optic neuropathy but any pathology to the optical system from the cornea to the occipital lobe can lead to this rare phenomenon. Here, we are reporting the second case in the literature of post-operative visual loss after laparoscopic appendectomy. A young female, with no underlying disease, underwent laparoscopic appendectomy after septic shock secondary to acute appendicitis. Postoperatively, patient complained of complete blindness after extubation. Neurologic examination revealed bilateral near complete blindness, and hemodynamic ischemic stroke in the occipital cortex.
Exergaming improves functional fitness in MCI patients. Does the APOE genotype moderate the outcome?
Authors:   1Medical Physics Laboratory, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece. 21st Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki.Greece. 3Panhellenic Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Thessaloniki, Greece. 4Laboratory of Medical Biology-Genetics Department, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
Published: December 2020

Objectives: Mild cognitive impairment could be defined as the condition between healthy aging and dementia. MCI patients seem to retain the neuroplasticity to benefit from Physical Exercise (PE) interventions delaying the progression to dementia. The present study investigates the impact of PE via “Exergaming” on the functional fitness of MCI adults, depending on the presence of the APOEɛ4 allele. Methods: 159 MCI participants were recruited. They were separated to two groups (performing PE or not). The Fullerton Functional Test was used as a primary outcome measure in two-time points (prior to and after PE). Results: The Active group showed more considerable improvement compared to the Passive group in all Fullerton components despite the presence of APOEε4. Discussion: ΡΕ via exergaming has a beneficial functional effect in MCI patients, whether carrying the APOEɛ4 allele or not.
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF CITRUS WOOLLY WHITE FLY ALEUROTHRIXUS FLOCCOSUS MASK (HOMOPTERA: ALEYRODIDAE) BY CALES NOACKI HOW (HYMENOPTERA: APHELINIDAE) IN SOME TANZANIAN SMALL-SCALE CITRUS ORCHARDS
Authors: SinganoSeguni Zuberi , Mfugale Oscar
Published: December 2020

Calesnoacki How (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) wwas released in citrus groves in Muheza (05°10' 0S, 38°46' 0E) and Morogoro (06° 49' 0" S, 37° 40' 0 E) Townships to control Aleurothrixusfloccosus Mask (Homoptera: Alleyrodidae). Sleeve cage and “free release” methods were used to introduce the parasitoid onto selected citrus trees. C. noacki adults and mummies were released at selected sites between 08:00 and 09:30 am on 14th September 1999.

Adults were first observed 90 days after introduction. They were also recovered from 2nd and 3rd CWWF instars. At Morogoro, CWWF infestations by adults, eggs and nymphs were reduced by between 6 and 12 fold 90 days after release and between 30 and 300 fold 60 months after. At Muheza decreases were between 140 and 700 and 12 and 17 fold, respectively compared. Parasitoid recovery indicated its establishment. Recoveries were also on trees up to two kilometres away from release sites. Parasitoid release was also accompanied by vigour improvement of previously heavily infested citrus trees. This is the first report of successful use of C. noacki for control of A. floccosus in Tanzania, which was prevented from spreading from the original small infestation foci.
DETERMINANTS OF REAL EXCHANGE RATE IN ETHIOPIA
Authors: Rao Nandeeswara , Tolcha TassewDufera
Published: December 2020

Real exchange rate has direct effects on trade particularly on international trade and has indirect effects on productions and employments, so it is crucial to understand the factors which determine its variations. This study analyses the main determinants of the real exchange rate and the dynamic adjustment of the real exchange rate following shocks to those determinants using yearly Ethiopian time series data covering the period 1971 to 2010. It begins with a review of literatures on Exchange rate, real exchange rate, determinants of the real exchange rate and provides an updated background on the exchange rate system in Ethiopia. An empirical model linking the real exchange rate to its theoretical determinants is then specified. This study had employed the cointegration and vector autoregression (VAR) analysis with impulse response and variance decomposition analyses to provide robust long run effects and short run dynamic effects on the real exchange rate.

Share of investment, foreign exchange reserve, capital inflow and government consumption of non-tradable goods were the variable that have been found to have a long run relationship with the real exchange rate. The estimate of the speed of adjustment coefficient found in this study indicates that about a third of the variation in the real exchange rate from its equilibrium level is corrected within a year.

The regression result of VECM reveals that terms of trade, nominal exchange rate, and one period lag of capital flow were the variables significantly affects the real exchange rate in the short run. However, the impulse response and variance decomposition analysis shows a better picture of the short run dynamics. The their analysis provided evidence that the Shocks to terms of trade, nominal exchange rate, capital inflow and share of investment have persistent effects on the real exchange rate in the short run. In general the regression results of both long run and short run models mostly suggest that the fluctuations of real exchange rates are predominantly responses to monetary policies shocks rather than fiscal policy shocks.
ÖĞRETMENLERDE ŞÜKRÜN İŞYERİ MUTLULUĞUNA ETKİSİNDE CİNSİYETİN DÜZENLEYİCİ ROLÜ
Authors: KIR Ayşe , KÖSEM Ümit , AKÇAKANAT Tahsin , UZUNBACAK Hasan Hüseyin
Published: December 2020

Araştırmanın temel amacı, öğretmenlerin şükür düzeyleri ile iş yeri mutlulukları arasındaki ilişkide cinsiyetin düzenleyicilik etkisinin olup olmadığını belirlemektir. Araştırmanın örneklemi 255 öğretmenden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada McCullough, Emmons ve Tsang tarafından geliştirilip Türkçe ye uyarlaması Göcen (2012) tarafından yapılan Şükür Ölçeği ve WHO Collaborating Center for Mental Health, Frederiksborg General Hospital Psikiyatrik Araştırmalar birimi tarafından oluşturulup Türkçeye uyarlaması Alparslan (2016) tarafından gerçekleştirilen İşyeri Mutluluğu Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma için anket yöntemi tercih edilmiş olup elektronik ortamda hazırlanan anket formları kolayda örnekleme yöntemi ile öğretmenlere ulaştırılmıştır. Verilerin analizi için betimleyici istatistikler, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, korelasyon ve bootstrap regresyon analizlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, şükrün işyeri mutluluğunu pozitif ve anlamlı olarak etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca cinsiyetin bu iki değişken arasındaki ilişkide düzenleyici rolü olduğu belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar önceki araştırma bulguları ekseninde tartışılmıştır.
GENÇ İŞSİZLİĞİ ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLERE İLİŞKİN AMPİRİK BİR ANALİZ
Authors: GÜVENOĞLU Hüseyin , BAYIR Musa
Published: December 2020

Genç işsizlik son yıllarda artış gösteren önemli bir ekonomik sorundur. Birçok ülkede artış gösteren genç işsizlik oranlarının önemli ekonomik ve sosyal sorunlara neden olduğu ifade edilebilir. Bu nedenle, genç işsizliğine dair sorunun nedenlerinin araştırılması oldukça önemlidir. Çalışma, 55 gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkede genç işsizliği etkileyen makroekonomik faktörlerin araştırılmasını amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmanın analiz yöntemi panel regresyondur. Analizler 2002-2019 dönemini kapsamaktadır. Çalışmanın bağımlı değişkeni genç işsizlik oranıdır. Ekonometrik modelde, bağımsız değişkenler ekonomik büyüme, dışa açıklık, yatırımlar, nüfus, enflasyon, doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar ve kamu harcamalarıdır. Analiz sonuçları, ekonomik büyüme, enflasyon ve kamu harcamalarındaki artışın genç işsizliği azalttığını göstermektedir. Diğer taraftan, dışa açıklık genç işsizliği artırmaktadır. Bunun dışında, yatırımlar, nüfus ve doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar genç işsizlik oranları üzerinde istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bir etkiye sahip değildir.
Associative administration of cimetidine and exogenous melatonin on the endometrial receptors of estrogen, collagen and hormone levels in adult rats
Authors: Silva Sandra Maria Souza da , Elias Laíse de Souza , Silva Romildo Luciano da , Medeiros Paloma Lys de , Vieira Jeymesson Raphael Cardoso , Teixeira Álvaro Aguiar Coelho , Wanderley-Teixeira Valéria
Published: December 2020

Cloridrato de cimetidina, um bloqueador de receptores H2 das células parietais gástricas, que age reduzindo a secreção de ácido no estômago e tem sido estudado como substância xenoestrogênica. O uso crônico da cimetidina produz distúrbios homonais e toxidade no aparelho reprodutor masculino, além de reduzir o estradiol 2-hidroxilado e aumentar níveis séricos de estradiol e prolactina em mulheres, levando a hiperprolactinemia, que pode ser fator de risco para o câncer. A melatonina, neurohormônio sintetizado pela glândula pineal tem importante papel na função reprodutiva, regulando a produção de estrógeno, progesterrona e prolactina. O estudo testou a hipótese de que a melatonina pode bloquear ou reduzir os efeitos estrogênicos da cimetidina no estroma uterino, interferindo nos receptores de estrógeno, no teor de fibras colágenas e nos níveis hormonais em ratas adultas. Quarenta e cinco (45) ratas albinas divididas em três grupos: I – tratadas com placebo (controle); II – tratado com cimetidina (50 mg/kg) e III – tratado com cimetidina (50 mg/kg) associada à melatonina (200 μg/100 g). Os experimentos foram conduzidos por 7, 14 e 19 dias. Nos grupos tratados apenas com cimetidina, observou-se marcações mais intensas dos receptores REα, maior distribuição das fibras colágenas no endométrio, elevação dos níveis séricos de estrogênio, prolactina e redução da progesterona, nos animais tratados por 19 dias. Na associação cimetidina e melatonina, acredita-se que a melatonina bloqueou esses efeitos. A melatonina tem atividade citoprotetora para efeitos crônicos da cimetidina no estroma endometrial, por reduzir ou prevenir o aumento da síntese de fibras de colágeno pelos fibroblastos regulando a atividade do estrogênio sérico, bem como a expressão de seus receptores endometriais, além de manter os níveis normais de progesterona e prolactina.

Palavras chave: Melatonina, receptor de estrógeno, xenoestrógeno, morfometria, níveis hormonais.
Outcome of data quality assessments of maternity records across 17 health facilities in Migori County, Western Kenya
Authors: Wanyoro Anthony , Ogolla David , Merai Rikita , Otare Christopher , Simotwo Ruth , Mutindi Grace , Mumo Everline , Walker Dilys , Otieno Phelgona
Published: December 2020

Background

Reliable, complete and accurate documentation of key health indicators form a critical part of quality of care to improve outcomes of pregnancy especially when dealing with preterm labor. Unfortunately, this is often not achieved in the rural areas in low- and middle-income nations due to a myriad of challenges, including lack of tools, low staffing, task shifting and inadequate training. Poor reporting from the source facilities lead to inaccuracies of data reported to the central registry at the Ministries of Health (MOH) which compounds the problem. As part of a large cluster randomized trial that used facility data as a primary source, we explored whether data quality assessments (DQAs) combined with facility-level mentorship, feedback and upgrades of patient chart storage space improved the quality of routine data in maternity units in a rural county in Kenya.

Methods

Within the East Africa Preterm Birth initiative, we conducted three DQA’s sequentially in 17 selected health facilities, in Migori County, Kenya. The process involved reviewing of key indicator data collected from the maternity register over a period of time while noting gaps in documentation. We also compared the concordance of data reported from the maternity register into the facility-level integrated service delivery form (MOH 711). Each DQA was followed up with targeted trainings and feedback on areas that needed strengthening. Over the period, we also renovated several facilities’ documents storage spaces for safety and better traceability of patient’s charts.

Results

Results show that over time the patients’ charts traceability and the quality of key indicator data captured in the maternity register improved significantly. The concordance of data reported from the primary source document to the central registry through the data capture tool MOH 711also showed significant improvement over time.

Conclusions

Targeted regular DQA with facility-level mentorship and upgrades in records storage can improve data capture, patient-records retrieval and quality of data reported to the MOH; ultimately helping in improving the care for preterm cases.
Structural Performance of Smart CFRP-FBG Reinforced Steel Beams
Authors: Wang Huaping , Song Tao , Li Heng-Yang , Feng Si-Yuan
Published: December 2020

Many beam structures suffer from gradual performance degradation with the increase of service life. To recover the bearing capacity of these beams, carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) plates are developed to attached on the beam bottom. To check the structural performance of the CFRP reinforced beams, smart CFRP plate with FBGs in series is designed and LVDTs are adopted to measure the deformations. The deflection of the reinforced beam is given based on the elastic conversion cross-section method. The experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The study shows that the CFRP reinforced zone has a larger flexural rigidity than the pure steel beam zone. The general distribution of the deflection along the span of the CFRP reinforced beam can be described by the proposed formula. It provides a scientific design guidance for the deflection control of CFRP reinforced structures.
Special Issue on “Analysis on Structural Performance”
Authors: Wang Huaping
Published: December 2020

Structural performance is the most important index to declare the stability, safety and durability of structures in practical engineering. The performance degradation of structures becomes more and more common with the increase of service life. To ensure the safe operation of structures, the hot research has gradually changed from large-scale construction to the detection, repair, reinforcement, renovation and maintenance.
O ENSINO DA FILOSOFIA NO BRASIL: DESCONTINUIDADE E AMEAÇAS
Authors: Menezes Antonio Basilio Novaes T. de , Silva Roberto Ribeiro da
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo é resultado das nossas pesquisas durante o mestrado em educação realizado na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte – PPGed. Busca através de uma cuidadosa análise histórica das legislações que influenciaram a presença ou ausência da disciplina de Filosofia no Ensino Médio no Brasil, os motivos determinantes que implicaram num regime de descontinuidade imposto aos conteúdos filosóficos e seu ensino dentro dos currículos nas reformas educacionais na história da educação. Após uma legislação educacional, que fez vigorar um destaque à Filosofia ratificada pela LDB - Lei de Diretrizes e Bases e PCN’s - Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais, reconhecendo a Filosofia como componente importante no processo educativo em vista da formação do cidadão, chegando a receber o status de obrigatoriedade. Com a última reforma educacional, sofre um “golpe” com a perda da obrigatoriedade como disciplina, no currículo do Ensino Médio. A história do ensino da Filosofia no Brasil nos relata uma intermitência inconteste, uma subordinação aos princípios ordenadores de cada tempo e cuidadosa seleção ao público a que se destinava. Buscando investigar nessa mesma perspectiva as bases explicativas frente ao momento controverso para a Filosofia no Ensino Médio brasileiro analisaremos a história desta disciplina e suas legislações, para exata consciência das oscilações e truncamentos políticos que foi submetida, de acordo com os cenários e interesses políticos a cada tempo.
FENOMENOLOGIA E EDUCAÇÃO: AS BASES HUSSERLIANAS E SUAS IMPLICAÇÕES METODOLÓGICAS
Authors: Silva Victor Leandro da , Gomes Thaise Silva Ferro
Published: December 2020

A fenomenologia tem se destacado como um dos mais profícuos métodos aplicados na pesquisa em educação. No entanto, esse avanço também implicou uma redução de seu alcance teórico, circunscrito a um conjunto de orientações que muitas vezes não se coadunam a suas linhas fundamentais. Partindo dessa problemática, o presente texto visa retomar os princípios epistemológicos da fenomenologia de Edmund Husserl, em especial no que tange à relação sujeito-mundo, para, com base em suas proposições, articulá-las à discussão na pesquisa educativa envidada pelo filósofo Maurice Merleau-Ponty. Como resultado, o que se pretendeu foi elucidar em que arcabouço as ciências da educação precisam estar orientadas para servirem-se do pensar fenomenológico, no que é imprescindível fazer um uso adequado de sua estrutura conceitual.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Chagas Eduardo Ferreira , Vasconcelos Carvalho Manoel Jarbas
Published: December 2020

Na segunda parte do Dossiê Filosofia da Técnica e Educação recolhemos significativas contribuições de pesquisadores do Brasil e do exterior sobre essa temática tão abrangente e, ao mesmo tempo, tão atual. Nesse sentido, como veremos, foram discutidos os desafios de se pensar a formação das subjetividades no contexto da sociedade capitalista, considerando-se o uso das novas tecnologias associadas à racionalidade técnico-científica [...]
CONDIÇÃO: SOCIEDADE, EFICÁCIA E SENTIDO NO PENSAMENTO DE ERIC WEIL
Authors: Soares Daniel Benevides
Published: December 2020

A categoria da condição é a da ciência moderna marcada pela eficácia técnica. Essa ciência oferece a matriz para outras posteriores, como as ciências sociais. Por meio destas é que se apresenta a sociedade moderna na sua autocompreensão. Contudo, essa autocompreensão não significa uma compreensão sobre a questão do sentido. Com o fito de elaborar esse esquema, o presente artigo apresenta três momentos. No primeiro, traçamos o pano de fundo da discussão com a exposição das características da sociedade moderna, bem como o papel da eficácia técnica no seu bojo. No segundo, passamos ao tratamento da categoria da condição, privilegiando sua concepção de ciência, de modo a situarmos a sua limitação quanto ao tratamento da compreensão do sentido. Finalmente, no terceiro momento, identificamos de que maneira se dá o adequado espaço da compreensão da demanda pelo sentido, como uma questão eminentemente filosófica. Não se trata, é importante explicitar de imediato, de propor uma rejeição dos benefícios da técnica moderna. Entretanto, é importante reconhecer sua especificidade e as limitações que a ciência tecnicamente eficaz enfrenta ao deparar-se com questões que ultrapassam seus objetos e chamar atenção para a importância do papel da filosofia como uma das possibilidades humanas que se levanta contra aquela que constitui o seu problema fundamental: a violência.
APARECIMIENTO Y FETICHISMO: LA CIENCIA DE LA LÓGICA EN LA CRITICA DE MARX AL CAPITAL
Authors: Portales Oscar Pérez , Bavaresco Agemir
Published: December 2020

El presente artículo se inserta en la evaluación de la influencia de la Ciencia de la Lógica de Hegel, en la maduración de la Crítica al Fetichismo expuesta por Marx en Capítulo primero de El Capital. La Critica al Fetichismo es una importante llave de lectura del conjunto de la obra marxiana y de abordaje de la ontología de la praxis que entraña su decurso teórico-argumentativo. Dialogamos críticamente con las interpretaciones más actuales que asumen la asunción de la herencia hegeliana en El Capital, restricta a la construcción de un método de exposición y que interpretan el Fetichismo como manifestación fenomenológica. Frente a ello visamos la demostración de la influencia de la Lógica de Hegel en la construcción del Fetichismo como método de crítica de las apariencias.  A partir de ello el Fetichismo y su crítica deja de ser simplemente la constatación de un proceso ontológico, propio de la producción capitalista de mercancías y se comporta como método lógico de exposición de la esencia del proceso de producción negado en el intercambio. El presente trabajo parte del estudio de la evolución del tratamiento marxiano de la cuestión del Fetichismo enfatizando su transformación en método de reflexión a partir del encuentro con la Ciencia de la Lógica. En vista de ese objetivo realizaremos una reconstrucción la Teoría del Aparecimiento propia de la Doctrina de la Esencia de Hegel. Más precisamente nos enfocamos en los acápites sobre Existencia, Cosa y Propiedades de la Sección Segunda de la Doctrina de la Esencia. Luego reconstruimos el paralelismo de esta, con la lógica reflexiva aplica por Marx al proceso de producción de la mercancía en el Capítulo Primero de El Capital.
CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A TECNOLOGIA NO PROCESSO DE TRABALHO E DE VALORIZAÇÃO DO VALOR COM BASE EM MARX
Authors: Martins Maria Artemis Ribeiro , Chagas Eduardo Ferreira
Published: December 2020

Este artigo apresenta considerações gerais acerca da questão da tecnologia em Marx, bem como o papel que ela exerce no processo de trabalho e no processo de valorização do valor. Trata-se de uma investigação teórica e bibliográfica, desenvolvida sobre as produções e a dialética marxianas. Consideramos, a partir das elaborações realizadas, que, no capitalismo, a tecnologia está diretamente relacionada à divisão social do trabalho; que ela contribui para a fragmentação da autoatividade humana e para a separação entre trabalho manual e intelectual, submetendo as capacidades físicas e intelectuais aos interesses do capital. Essa separação resulta no domínio técnico como fator predominante de acesso e apreensão da população trabalhadora, possibilitando a exploração do trabalho e, por conseguinte, o crescimento do excedente da produção – a acumulação do capital.
E A FILOSOFIA: AUSÊNCIA E NECESSIDADE
Authors: Silva Jefferson da , Nahur Marcius Tadeu Maciel
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo busca refletir sobre a importância da filosofia como conhecimento humano e sua relação com as demais disciplinas humanas. Sem dirimir a importância do avanço tecnológico e das conquistas científicas, faz-se necessária a retomada da importância da filosofia, o ato de filosofar como possibilidade de crítica e fundamento para demais ciências e ainda da própria realidade. Ideias difusas sobre a importância da técnica ganham mais relevância perante as ciências humanas e sociais, pois, aparentemente, são capazes de gerarem mais lucros. No entanto, tais ideias escondem uma tentativa mascarada de impedimento da própria reflexão. Retomar a filosofia como fundamento, perpassando pelo senso comum, pela busca do conhecimento e como possibilidade de verdade, é uma tentativa de demonstrar a necessidade de uma ausência. É retomar o legado da própria condição humana, a sua capacidade de pensar e de busca por fundamentação que sustente qualquer ação metodológica.
A EDUCAÇÃO EM REDE EM ÉPOCA DE PANDEMIA NO ESTADO NEOLIBERAL BRASILEIRO: POR UMA VIDA MAIS SOLIDÁRIA E DE ACOLHIMENTO, PARA AS EPIDEMIAS E CRISES SE REPETIREM MENOS!
Authors: Rambo Nestor Francisco
Published: December 2020

Em tempos de pandemia, quando pensamos na superação da crise, é preciso uma responsabilidade no conjunto da sociedade. Os Estados, escolas, empresas, sindicatos e universidades precisam (re)pensar estratégias de cooperação entre os homens.   No Estado moderno o sujeito reconhecido como cidadão, encontra-se em crise. A idealização universal do “ser cidadão” encontra-se fragilizada, rompida da sua existência como ser humano. Nos currículos escolares será necessária a ênfase para uma educação voltada para a sustentabilidade, pois o aquecimento global e a economia não solidária, não comunitária, do desperdício, e, não distributiva, vai definhando com o planeta. O desemprego e a fome aumentaram no mundo. São necessárias formas associativas de trabalho. Com o Novo FUNDEB, existe a possibilidade do salário do professor da Educação Básica no Brasil ser mais justo, com a observância da Lei do Piso do Professor e Planos de Carreira, que contemplem os diferentes níveis de formação e formação contínua. Com salários mais dignos e justos aos professores, ganha a sociedade, e aprimora-se a ciência, a tecnologia e a pesquisa. Ganha a educação em qualidade, com profissionais mais motivados. O capitalismo neoliberal em curso no Brasil e em outras partes do mundo, exercem uma forte pressão sobre os nossos currículos escolares. A mentira que vale como verdade, e a verdade que vale como mentira, como parte da cultura neoliberal, desestruturam as famílias, crianças, os jovens, a classe trabalhadora e os professores. É chegado o momento que almejamos, um mundo pós-pandemia, mais fraterno, solidário e cooperativo. Na educação, o professor é um dos profissionais mais vulneráveis ao Covid-19, e, diante desse quadro, as aulas presenciais não devem reiniciar no presente ano, ou, enquanto não for descoberto a cura da doença. O professor voltará mais valorizado pelas famílias, pela dimensão da complexidade que envolveu os pais em lidarem com os filhos nas tarefas escolares. Urge, que o Estado, o MEC e os políticos valorizem o professor com melhores condições de trabalho e salário. A responsabilidade e a solidariedade, são dimensões inseparáveis da ética. Se me sinto responsável, também   me sinto solidário.
O DIA “D” DA EDUCAÇÃO MINEIRA: JOGOS ESTRATÉGICOS DE PODER-SABER
Authors: Vicentin Marcelo , Navarro Eloisa Rosotti , Grillo Rogério de Melo , Swerts Marcio Moterani
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo é um recorte de uma pesquisa que teve como objetivo problematizar, suspeitar e analisar criticamente o discurso presente nos documentos específicos do Dia “D” da Educação de Minas Gerais, visando depreender como se dão os jogos de estratégias de poder-saber, principalmente, em torno da expressão Dia “D”. Para tanto, tomamos como referencial metodológico as propostas de análise de discurso foucaultiana sobre o principal documento oficial concernente à organização do Dia “D”: o Guia para organização do Dia “D” (“Guia de orientação para a reorganização e implementação do Plano de Intervenção Pedagógica - 2010/2011”). Destarte, apresentaremos nesse artigo uma analítica em relação ao poder-saber, ao poder político, ao governamento e às estratégias de governamentalidade que norteiam o discurso do Dia “D” da Educação Mineira. De resto, as nossas análises evidenciam que o Dia “D”, além de uma operação de jogada política, possui uma função governamental-pastoral, uma vez que tem como escopo a construção de um sujeito de consciência guiado aos resultados, aos melhores índices em avaliações em larga escala (IDEB, PROALFA, SIMAVE).