bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using Machine Learning to Predict Mathematical Performance
Authors:   University of Regensburg, Fröhlich Martin , Krauss Stefan ,   University of Regensburg, Hilbert Sven ,   University of Regensburg
Published: October 2022

In empirical educational research, it is of great interest to predict student performance. In contrast to other disciplines, however, machine learning methods for identifying promising predictors are not yet widely used. We will use a machine learning approach to study the effect of learning strategies and cooperative behaviors of German mathematics students with respect to exam grades. A small outlook will be given on how machine learning methods can be integrated into the education of young researchers in empirical educational research.
Promoting Opportunities to Learn for Statisticians
Authors:   The University of Texas at Austin, Guyot Layla , White Alexander ,   Texas State University
Published: October 2022

Although the demand for statisticians is growing across many different fields and sectors and more and more students are graduating with degrees in statistics, employers express difficulties in hiring. Indeed, there seems to be a lack of continuity during the transition to the workplace for statisticians. To study this phenomenon, we interviewed junior statisticians who recently experienced the transition as well as mentors who supervised it. A cross-case analysis allowed for an in-depth description of the development of statistical practices in academic settings and at the workplace. Based on our findings and from the perspectives of the participants, we formulate recommendations to promote different practices that are especially challenging to facilitate the transition between education and profession for future statisticians.
Creating E-learning Tools for Self-Teaching by Adult Users
Authors:   StatEd Consultancy, Forbes Sharleen
Published: October 2022

This paper investigates two different e-learning tools designed to be used by international adult learners: web applications in official statistics (Measuring Price Change, Comparing Populations, and Graphing in Excel) hosted on the International Statistical Literacy Project website; and a United Nations Institute of Training and Research Massive Open Online Course, “Understanding Data and Statistics Better—For More Effective SDG Decision Making.” The paper reports on commonalities in their design, including having diverse members on their development teams. Both tools have been used by many learners from a variety of countries. Challenges that remain for these types of tools include their longevity and currency (in terms of up-to-date teaching material) and issues related to the use of online assessment, particularly for certification.
Making Heads and Tails of Generation Loss: A Timeless Tale of Folk Randomness
Authors:   The University of Auckland, Renelle Amy , Budgett Stephanie ,   The University of Auckland, Chernoff Egan ,   The University of Saskatchewan
Published: October 2022

From the novel perspective of folk randomness, we document a journey through history that provides a lens for scrutinising the impact of changes to a well-known probability exercise—one involving a psychic professor undoubtedly identifying the fake sequence—and the implications of this for the learning opportunities it promotes. Evaluating iterations from the last 70 years, there is evidence of simplification that may have drawn this exercise away from its origins to the detriment of the task’s original intentions. Importantly, this paper calls for statistics educators to rediscover the purpose of classroom tasks and retain the value we wish to impart—protecting the value in our statistical activities as they are morphed and mangled by time, translations between fields, educational focus, and underlying purpose.
Aspects of Probabilistic Thinking and Reasoning With the Use of Computer Simulation
Authors:   Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, Figueiredo Auriluci , Coutinho Cileda ,   Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo
Published: October 2022

This work discusses the application of an activity as a didactic tool for approaching the concept of probability by confronting its classic and frequentist approaches. The activity takes place in a continuing education course for mathematics teachers who work in basic education. Research in the teaching-learning area of probability has highlighted the need for teachers to be better prepared for classroom work, with activities that can promote the development of probabilistic thinking and reasoning. In this study a qualitative case study research method is used. Among the conclusions, we found that the didactic situations we constructed allowed teachers to improve their knowledge, thus enabling them to recognize important elements for developing probabilistic thinking and reasoning.
State of the Art on Statistical Education and the Consideration of Individual Differences of Students
Authors: Mateus-Aguilera Leidy Nataly
Published: October 2022

Students immersed in a learning environment adapted to their individual differences often achieve better performance, entrenching their motivations and emotions in a course. In statistical education this consideration is recent compared to other fields, therefore, it is considered necessary to establish the state of the art in this respect. This systematic review analyzed 52 research papers, which were rigorously selected from three databases. Among the findings, a descriptive analysis is made on the objectives, populations, educational levels and the instruments used. In general, it is found that one of the most studied factors is attitude, greater training is required for teachers and use methodologies that develop learning objectives. Los estudiantes inmersos en un ambiente de aprendizaje adaptado a sus diferencias individuales suelen alcanzar un mejor desempeño, afianzar sus motivaciones y emociones en un curso. En la educación estadística esta consideración es reciente en comparación con otros campos, por lo tanto, se considera necesario establecer el estado del arte al respecto. Esta revisión sistemática analizó 52 artículos de investigación, que fueron seleccionados rigurosamente de tres bases de datos. Entre los hallazgos se hace un análisis descriptivo sobre los objetivos, las poblaciones, los niveles educativos y los instrumentos usados. En general, se encuentra que: uno de los factores más estudiados es el de la actitud, se requiere mayor capacitación para los docentes y usar metodologías que desarrollen los objetivos de aprendizaje.
Microbiological and parasitological quality of fruit pulps and juices used for detoxifying purposes
Authors: De Matos Mendes da Silva Isabella , De Jesus Souza Maria Carla , Jesus de Souza Renata , Pereira Guedes Letícia , Pereira de Carvalho Iago , Couto dos Santos Carlos Rogério , Moreno Amor Ana Lúcia
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
The juice consumption with detoxifying properties has increased in the last few years, but inadequately produced food may transport pathogens. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of parasitological and microbiological contamination in fruit juices and fruit pulp used for detoxifying purposes. Twenty samples were analyzed, 10 of fruit pulp and 10 juices from July to August 2018. Thermotolerant coliform, mold, and yeast were counted. Parasitological analysis was performed by spontaneous sedimentation method and sedimentation by centrifugation techniques. Results showed that 20% and 60% of the fruit pulp and juice samples exhibited thermotolerant coliform counts above 1 log CFU/mL, respectively. The results showed that 60% of the pulp samples presented mold and yeast counts above 3 log CFU/mL. The protozoa found in the samples were Endolimax nana, Entamoeba coli, and E. histolytica/E. dispar cysts. The presence of thermotolerant coliforms in juices is an indicator of the presence of enteropathogens, mainly Escherichia coli. The high mold and yeast populations and the presence of protozoa in the fruit pulp and juices indicate hygienic and sanitary failures in the food processing. It may be concluded that there is a need for supervision and training in Good Manufacturing Practices by health agencies, aiming at the food safe production.
KEY WORDS: Coliforms; parasites; food hygiene; food safety.
Evolution of the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance among Escherichia coli isolated as a cause of infection in patients admitted to a iv-level hospital in Lima, Peru
Authors: Flores-Paredes* Wilfredo , Luque* Nestor , Albornoz Roger , Rojas Nayade , Espinoza Manuel , Ruiz Joaquim , J Pons Maria
Published: October 2022

The levels and evolution of antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli during 01/2009-06/2010 (Period 1), 01/2012-06-2013 (Period 2) and 07/2013-12/2014 (Period 3) were analyzed. Identification, susceptibility levels to 13 antibiotics and the presence of extendedspectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) were determined. Overall, 9,918 microorganisms were isolated as a cause of infection. Of these 3,016 (30.4%) were E. coli, with 1,770 (59%), 992 (33%) and 254 (8%), from the Medicine and the Surgery Departments and the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), respectively. There was a significant increase (p=0.0002) of E. coli throughout considered periods. The isolates presented high levels of resistance (>60%) to cephalosporins, ciprofloxacin and cotrimoxazole, being only susceptible to imipenem (0.3% of resistance) and tigecycline. Overall the analysis of evolution of antimicrobial resistance showed that resistance to cephalosporins and amikacin significantly increased, while, the ones of piperacillintazobactam, cotrimoxazole and gentamicin had significantly decreased. Nevertheless, the ICU isolates showed an inverse scenario for cephalosporins. These findings agree with an increase of ESBLs on the Medicine (56% to 66%; p<0.0001) and on the Surgery (54% to 62%; p=0.0197) departments, with a parallel decrease in the ICU (76% to 68%). In summary, high levels of antimicrobial resistance have been reported among E. coli, with worrisome levels of ESBL. A continuous surveillance of antimicrobial resistance levels in the area is needed.

KEY WORDS: Escherichia coli; antimicrobial resistance; cephalosporins
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE MATCH ANALYSIS RESULTS AND RANKING OF SUCCESS IN TURKISH SPOR TOTO FOOTBALL SUPER LEAGUE
Authors: Dağ Ahmet , Özçelik Mehmet Ali , Çelebi Fulya , Aras Dicle , Toktaş Neşe
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the research was to examine the relationship between ranking of success and match analysis parameters, and to develop a regression formula to understand the effectiveness of these parameters on league score in the season of 2018- 2019 Turkish Spor Toto Football Super League. A total of 306 competitions in the league consisting of 18 teams in the season of 2018-2019 were examined. The parameters used in the current research were total, high intensity, and sprint running distances with or without ball, number of successful shots and passes, ball possessions in the first, second and third regions, and points earned at the end of the season. In accordance with the findings, the most related parameters to the league score were total running distance with ball, and the number of successful shots and passes p<0.01) and high intensity running distance with or without ball, sprint running distance, successful passes, and shots were mostly seen in the third region in the season of 2018-2019 Turkish Spor Toto Football Super League. The multivariate linear regression analysis F(7,10)=6.05, p=0.0058 was found statistically significant, and showed that 68 % of the variance in the dependent variable (R2 adjusted=0.68) was explained by the ratio of high intensity running distance with ball to high intensity running distance, sprint distance with ball to sprint distance, and the number successful shots and passes. Future studies may also examine the match location, defensive parameters, opposing teams, and other match analysis parameters.
EFFECTS OF AEROBIC AND COMBINED EXERCISE PROGRAMS ON BODY COMPOSITION AND RESTING METABOLIC RATE IN YOUNG ADULTS
Authors: Altunsoy Kübra , Uçan Yılmaz , Clemente Filipe Manuel , Söğüt Mustafa
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 8-week aerobic and combined exercise (aerobic and resistance) modalities on body composition and resting metabolic rate (RMR) in sedentary young adults. Twenty-two physically inactive females (20.9 ± 1.6 years) were recruited to participate in the study. They were randomly assigned to three groups: aerobic exercise group (AEG), combined exercise group (CEG), and control group (CG). The training programs were performed three times a week. The body fat percentage was assessed by the bioelectrical impedance method. The RMR was determined via indirect calorimetry. Within-group analysis revealed no significant differences in body mass index and body fat percentage considering the three groups. However, both training groups increased their RMR significantly (AEG: 12.3%, p= 0.017; CEG: 9.7%, p= 0.043). No significant difference was observed in CG for the RMR. Between-group analysis revealed that participating in aerobic training induced slightly better (but insignificant) improvements in all measures compared to combine training. In conclusion, the results of the study highlighted the positive influences of both aerobic and combine training interventions on the RMR in sedentary female young adults compared to controls.
IMPLEMENTATION OF AN UNSTABLE SURFACE EXERCISE PROGRAM IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION CURRICULUM: EFFECTS ON STRENGTH AND MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES
Authors: Kojic Filip , Markovic Miroslav , Zivanovic Vladimir , Brankovic Dragan , Obradovic Milos , Duric Sasa
Published: October 2022

Although unstable strength training has gained popularity among athletes and the recreational population, there is scarce data regarding the applicability of this type of exercise program in school settings. The aim of the study was to investigate whether the implementation of an unstable surface strength exercise program in physical education would contribute to the improvement of physical fitness in 14-years students. A sample of 220 adolescents (112 girls) was randomly assigned to either the EXP (calisthenics exercise under unstable conditions) or the CON group (prescribed physical education strength exercise program). Before and after the 12- week period, upper-body isometric and repetitive strength were accessed using 4 motor tests. In addition, skinfold thickness (ST) was determined in subscapular, pectoral, and abdominal areas. Both groups improved strength performance (p < 0.01), with greater increase in EXP compared to CON for all motor tests (p < 0.01, ES = 0.21 – 0.45). Both groups decreased total, subscapular and abdominal ST (p < 0.05), with no significant effect of group. Unstable surface strength exercises are effective in improving physical abilities and should be included in the regular physical education curriculum.
VERTICAL LOAD ASSESSMENT IN MEN AND WOMEN 3X3 BASKETBALL
Authors: Štirn Igor , Brišnik Tjaša , Erčulj Frane
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the frequency and intensity of players' actions associated with jumping in the 3x3 basketball game, to compare these data between men's and women's teams, and to compare the data obtained with existing data from 5- on-5 basketball. Jumps during the five final games of the men's and women's national championship were recorded using the inertial measurement device VERT which was previously calibrated using force platform. The significance level set for the study was p ≤ 0.05. The number and height of jumps during the execution of jump shots from outside and inside the paint, lay -up shots, rebounds, and blocks were monitored. Female and male players performed 1.05 and 1.63 jumps per minute, respectively, in the 3x3 basketball game. For all jumps observed, the number of jumps was higher in males than in females, and the largest differences were found in jump shots inside the paint and jump when blocking (p < 0.05). The relative intensity of the jumps, expressed as a percentage of the maximum countermovement jump obtained before the play, showed that heights of just over 50% of the maximum were most common, except for the male players executing layup shots were the heights reached over 70% of the maximum. Comparing the results with previous studies, we summarize that the performance level of the athletes influences the frequency of actions. Low level teams executed fewer actions than high level teams, in parallel to their physical fitness.
THE EFFECTS OF 12-WEEK ECCENTRIC AND CONCENTRIC STRENGTH TRAINING ON THE PHYSICAL FITNESS CHARACTERISTICS OF FOOTBALL PLAYERS
Authors: Erol Sadettin , Arabac Ramiz
Published: October 2022

The aim of present study was to examine the effects of eccentric and concentric training applied to football players on some motor characteristics. A total of 23 university students playing soccer participated in the study voluntarily. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups; complex (ECCst) and contrast (CONst) training protocols. During 12- weeks, ECCst and CONst training groups performed strength training in addition to soccer training 3 days a week, over 7 hours (4-5 units). On the first day, one repetition maximum (1RM) strength tests of all subjects were measured respectively. On the second day, all athletes’ height, body weight, body fat ratio, vertical jump, and sprint (20 m) tests performance tests were measured at the beginning and end of the 12-weeks study. As a result, although there was a statistically significant difference between the pre and post (lying leg curl, machine abduction, machine adduction 1RM) and vertical jump test of the subjects in both ECCst and CONst training group in terms of time effect, a significant difference was found in favor of the ECCst in the group x time interaction of ECCst training compared to CONst (p0.05). As a result revealed that 12-weeks ECCst more effective than CONst in improving lower extremity strength and vertical jump of soccer players. There were similar increases in both ECCst and CONst in 1RM leg extension and 20m sprint.
Assessment of reading performance of non-Native English learners
Authors: Ahmad Sajad , Shaheen Ajaz , Hafeez Muhammad
Published: October 2022

English being an international language is the need of the time. Reading is one of the essential skills of language learning for non-native English learners. In recent years the concern of reading decline among students has become a point of discussion among educators. In this article, we probe how the quality of English reading is going down gradually among non-native English learning students. For this purpose, we measure the reading abilities of grade 5 students with multiple languages as their mother tongue, having probably not very different socio-economic backgrounds. The data of students (N=589) were collected through convenience sampling. Students were assessed in three domains of reading (fluency, comprehension, and reading vocabulary) through the self-developed English Reading Achievement Scale (ERAS). The results demonstrated unsatisfactory performance of sampled students' reading in English. Only 56 percent of students remained successful in the assessment of English reading. The performance of girls' school students in reading was comparatively better than the boys' students. Students' performance was probably better in reading fluency and worse in reading vocabulary.
VACINA BCG: UM IMPORTANTE MEIO PARA CONTROLE DA TUBERCULOSE
Authors: Modesto Camila Corrêa
Published: October 2022

INTRODUÇÃO: A tuberculose é uma doença infectocontagiosa que atinge principalmente os pulmões, porém pode acometer outros órgãos. Sua disseminação se dá pela liberação de partículas contaminadas advindas de tosse, fala ou espirro de um indivíduo contaminado. A vacina BCG, descoberta por Albert Calmette e Camille Guérin, é a única disponível para prevenção da patologia e suas formas mais graves. OBJETIVO: Relatar a importância da vacina BCG contra os casos de tuberculose. MÉTODOS: Este estudo se trata de uma revisão integrativa da literatura para um resumo expandido com base nas diretrizes do Proferred Report Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Foi realizada pesquisas nas bases de dados LILACS e PUBMED, por trabalhos com relevância bibliográfica dos últimos cinco anos. RESULTADOS: Nos estudos analisados, houve consenso de que a descoberta da vacina BCG foi de grande relevância social, se mostrando uma inovação que até os dias atuais traz benefícios para a sociedade, principalmente no que tange a saúde pública. Ademais, ainda que haja um consenso da eficácia e importância da BCG, há a necessidade de novas vacinas para serem associadas ao tratamento convencional da tuberculose. Assim como foi há 100 anos, hodiernamente, novas concepções têm sido utilizadas no desenvolvimento de vacinas para a prevenção ou até mesmo tratamento da tuberculose, como a vacina BCG modificada pela engenharia genética, uma das alternativas para solucionar as deficiências que a vacina apresenta. CONCLUSÃO: A vacina se mostra como uma importante ferramenta em países, como o Brasil, onde a prevalência de TB é alta, reduzindo danos que a doença possa vir a causar. Contudo, a eficácia da vacina BCG ainda é discutida entre os estudos encontrados. Desse modo, torna-se imprescindível estudos para a melhora do imunizante, como também para a descoberta de outras alternativas de prevenção.
RACISMO AMBIENTAL E SUAS IMPLICAÇÕES PARA A SAÚDE MENTAL DA POPULAÇÃO NEGRA
Authors: Martins Lúcia Mariaci Ribeiro
Published: October 2022

O caráter social da saúde mental se expressa objetivamente na sua distribuição desigual, entre gênero, raça e classe social, na sociedade. Nesta perspectiva o presente ensaio objetiva relacionar o racismo ambiental com a teoria como determinação social de saúde e como se expressa nas iniquidades de gênero e raça incidindo no sofrimento psíquico, ou seja, nos casos de transtornos mentais comuns como depressão e ansiedade, em grupos sociais historicamente invisibilizados, negligenciados emarginalizados pelo Estado e pelo sistema econômico capitalista. Com o desígnio de fazer uma provocação que possibilite a reflexão crítica a respeito dos determinantes sociais de saúde, que atualmente utilizados para a formulação de políticas públicas de saúde, com foco na saúde mental da população desprivilegiada. Trata-se uma análise documental em bases de dados do Atlas do Desenvolvimento Humano no Brasil; Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística; Índice de Vulnerabilidade Social (IPEA-IVS, 2019); Atlas Brasil DATASUS Atlas de Vulnerabilidade Social: primeiros resultados do Índice de Vulnerabilidade Social (IPEA); Faces da Desigualdade no Brasil: Um olhar sobre os que ficam para trás (CLASCO e FLASCO) e do relatório A Distância que nos une:Um Retrato das Desigualdades no Brasil (OXAFAM). Para alcançar tal objetivo foi necessário percorrer um solo de discussões sobre o modo como está configurado estas categorias, considerando os mecanismos que tornam possíveis esta aproximação. Portanto neste ensaio, interessa mais compreender a relação de cor/raça, gênero, classe, violência e o fenômeno do racismo ambiental de grupos historicamente subalternizados como uma das faces das desigualdades, especialmente, nopapel destas variáveis na produção e reprodução de saúde mental.
Brain Blood Flow Immediately after a Head Impact in Rugby Players: Importance of Sex
Authors: Serrador Jorge , Breen Paul
Published: October 2022

Sports-related concussions have become a major health concern. According to the US Center for Disease Control and Prevention, it is estimated that there are 1.6-3.8 million concussions occurring annually. While head injury commonly occurs in contact and collision sports, it has been challenging to establish a clear understanding of the mechanisms underlying such an injury. Recent data demonstrates that even mild head injuries can produce cognitive impairments that persist months and years post trauma without any associated imaging abnormalities on CT or MRI. Although  25% of the 800,000 mild head injury cases reported each year demonstrate persistent cognitive deficits, we do not currently have an effective diagnostic tool to differentiate these patients with silent brain injury from those that will fully recover. In addition, female players have higher rates of concussion and longer recovery periods, but there is a lack of data on sex differences in male and female players with concussions. This talk will examine changes in brain blood flow that occur immediately after a head injury by measuring internal carotid artery blood flow on the field in rugby players. We will examine how brain blood flow response differs in male and female rugby players and how it is critical to consider sex in our understanding of the pathophysiology of concussion. The goal of this work is to develop a physiological biomarker that may be used to diagnose concussion on the field that will result in persistent problems.
Combining Ability Analysis for Grain Yield and Some Agronomic Traits in Maize (Zea mays L.) Inbred Lines Throughout, Diallel Mating Design at Kassala State, Sudan
Authors: Hassan Abu Assar Ahmed , Elhassan  Yousif Abdullah , B. Alhussein Mohammedein , Elsadig Idris Atif , Hamed Bakheit Elharith
Published: October 2022

This study was conducted to analyze the combining ability for yield and some agronomic traits of maize inbred lines at two locations, Tacroof, Kassala Research Station farm and Sawagi in a farmer field, at Kassala state, Sudan Five parental line (TZBRD-ADQ-2, TZBRD-ADQ-3, TZBRD-ADQ-4, TZBRD-AD-5 and TZBRD-COMP-6) and their ten single cross (F1hybrid) (TZBRD-ADQ-2× TZBRD-ADQ-3, TZBRD-ADQ-2× TZBRD-ADQ-4, TZBRD-ADQ-2× TZBRD-AD-5, TZBRD-ADQ-2× TZBRD-COMP-6, TZBRD-ADQ-3× TZBRD-ADQ-4, TZBRD-ADQ-3 ×TZBRD-AD-5, TZBRD-ADQ-3× TZBRD-COMP-6, TZBRD-ADQ-4× TZBRD-AD-5, TZBRD-ADQ-4× TZBRD-COMP-6 and TZBRD-AD-5× TZBRD-COMP-6) of maize developed by using Diallel mating design. Four experiments were conducted in two consecutive summer seasons 2016 and 2017. The studied traits included days to 50% tasseling, days to 50% silking, plant height (cm), ear height (cm), ear length (cm), ear diameter (cm), number of rows per ear, number of kernel per row, 100 kernel weight (g), and grain yield (ton/ha). Out of the five parents considered as the best combiner at Kassala site, such as parent TZBRD-COMP-6, TZBRD-ADQ-3 and TZBRD-ADQ-4, which showed a highly significant general combining ability effects in desirable direction for all studied traits. Therefore, these lines could be utilized in improvement of the respective traits in any breeding programs where hybridization was involved. Regarding to, Sawagi location, the best combiner were the parents TZBRD-ADQ-3, TZBRD-COMP-6, and TZBRD-ADQ-2 recorded highly significant general combining ability effects in desirable direction for 50% tasseling, days to 50% silking, ear length, ear diameter, 100 kernels weight, number of row per ear, number of kernel per row and grain yield. Among the ten cross combinations, the best cross was, TZBRD-ADQ-2× TZBRD-ADQ-3 recorded significant SCA effect in the desirable direction for all traits except days to 50% silking, plant height and number of kernel per row at Kassala location, but at Sawagi location cross TZBRD-ADQ-3×TZBRD-COMP-6 recorded significant SCA effect in the desirable direction for days to 50% tasseling, days to 50% silking, plant height and number of kernel per row, followed by cross TZBRD-ADQ-2×TZBRD-ADQ-3 which recorded a significant SCA effect in the desirable direction for ear height, ear length and grain yield.
Değerler Eğitimi Üzerine Ders Kitabı Görsellerinin İncelenmesi: Sosyal Bilgiler Dersi 5. Sınıf Örneği
Authors: TOKMAK Ahmet , AKTAŞ Veysi
Published: October 2022

Ders kitapları uzun yıllardır okul sisteminin önemli bir parçası olarak görülmüştür. Öğrenci ve öğretmen arasında öğretim sürecinin takibi açısından önemli bir yer tutan ders kitapları hızla gelişen teknolojiye ayak uydurmakta zorluk çekmektedir. Yenilenen öğretim programıyla sosyal bilgiler dersi beceri ve değerlerin kazandırılması bağlamında önemli bir görev üstlenmiştir. Kazandırılması hedeflenen değerler için ders kitaplarında çeşitli görseller, haber metinleri ve okuma metinlerine yer verilmeye başlanmıştır. Bu araştırmada 5. sınıf sosyal bilgiler ders kitabı görsellerinin öğretim programındaki mevcut değerlerler açısından incelenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Nitel bir yöntem olan doküman incelemesinin kullanıldığı bu çalışmada içerik analizine başvurulmuştur. Frekans tablosu hazırlanmış, 23 öğrenci ve 15 öğretmen tarafından görsellerin değerlendirilmesi yapılmış, görsellerin kalitesi, gerekliliği, konu ile ilişkisi, olumlu ya da olumsuz olarak verdiği mesajlar irdelenmiştir. Araştırmanın ikinci kısmında ise aynı öğrenci ve öğretmenlere, belirlenen görsellerin öğretim programında belirlenmiş değerlerin kazandırılması noktasında bir mesaj verip vermediğini yorumlamaları istenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda 5. sınıf ders kitabında 13 değerin yer aldığı, 5 adet değerle ilgili (adalet, barış, eşitlik, özgürlük, tasarruf) görsellere yer verilmediği belirlenmiştir. Görsellerde en çok sorumluluk, duyarlılık, yardımseverlik ve saygı değerlerine yer verilmiştir. Kitaptaki görsellerin kalite, konu ile ilişkililik ve olumlu mesaj verme açısından sorunları olsa bile ihtiyaçları karşılayacak düzeyde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin yorumları incelendiğinde görsellerin değer anlamında hedeflenen amaca hizmet ettikleri sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Katılımcı öğretmenlerin verdiği benzer cevaplar, ders kitabındaki görsellerin söz konusu değerler açısından yeterli olduğu sonucunu desteklemektedir. Öğrenci ve öğretmen görüşleri çerçevesinde görsellerin kaliteli, konuyla ilişkili olduğu ve verdiği mesajların yeterli olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
David, Uriah, Jesus, and Judas: An Intertestamental Pattern of Betrayal
Authors: Stulac Daniel J. D. , Smith David Andrew
Published: October 2022

This essay is a study in typological exegesis across the testaments of the Christian Bible. Specifically, in light of early Christian conviction that Jesus of Nazareth is the anointed son of David, we seek to understand how the story of David’s violent murder of Uriah the Hittite and rape of Bathsheba figure within a canonical framework in which Jesus is presented as David’s heir and yet also as the one in whom the Davidic legacy of violent betrayal reaches fulfillment. Beginning with a literary reading of David’s sins and their legacy in Samuel–Kings, the essay moves to consider the under-studied reference to Uriah and his wife in the Matthean genealogy and its import for Matthew’s presentation of Jesus as a “son of David.” We suggest that in the gospel tradition, David’s violence concentrates in the obscure figure of Judas Iscariot, who, like Uriah the Hittite, appears last in the roll of individuals faithful to their Israelite king (Matt 10:4; Mark 3:19; Luke 6:16; see 2 Sam 23:39). In contrast to Uriah’s fidelity to David—but in step with David’s betrayal of Uriah—Judas’s treachery demonstrates why typological readings of Jesus as the Davidic heir remain necessarily complex. The Gospels identify Jesus as a new son of David, and in so doing, they also present him as one who transforms that scriptural paradigm through his symbolic reversal of David’s sin.
“Concerning That Day and Hour”: In Defense of Patristic Exegesis
Authors: Stevenson Austin
Published: October 2022

Since the fourth century, Mark 13:32/Matt 24:36 have regularly been taken in hand as evidence of Jesus’s ignorance and used to advance subordinationist, kenotic, or Ebionite christological agendas. Meanwhile, modern biblical scholars regularly use patristic commentary on this passage as evidence that the classical Christian tradition advanced ahistorical, docetic eisegesis. In this essay, I consider patristic commentary on this pericope to show that these criticisms are unwarranted. The church fathers did not consider Jesus’s humanity to be an abstract, philosophical conundrum. Rather, their approach was driven by intertextual concerns set within a theistic metaphysical framework. They did not resolve a competition between Jesus’s humanity and divinity in favor of his divinity but upheld the confession that he was fully God and fully man in the face of a variety of approaches that threatened to corrupt or relinquish his humanity. I suggest that certain philosophical developments in the thought of Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274) allow us to make distinctions that both uphold the patristic exegetical tradition and extend it in ways that do greater justice to the passage.
تأثير الرش بتركيزات مختلفة من المستخلص المائي لفصوص الثوم في صفات النمو الزهري والمحصول لنبات الخيار (.Cucumis sativus L) صنف (Beit Alpha) تحت الظروف المناخية لمدينة إب في اليمن
Authors: عبد الله الحاج عبد الله حمود , العريقي يحي عبد الجليل , عيد أحمد محمد
Published: October 2022

الملخص

يعدّ محصول الخيار من محاصيل الخُضر المنتشرة زراعته محلياً بشكل واسع في البيوت المحمية، نظراً إلى القيمة الغذائية لثماره. لكنه يعاني من أن عدد الأزهار المذكرة في النبات الواحد أعلى من عدد الأزهار المؤنثة؛ مما يؤثر سلبياً في إنتاج النبات الواحد، لذلك أُجري البحث بهدف دراسة تأثير الرش بتركيزات مختلفة من المستخلص المائي لفصوص الثوم (1.25، 2.50، 3.75، 5، 6.25، 7.50 سم3/ لتر، إضافة إلى استخدام الماء المقطر كشاهد) في صفات النمو الزهري والمحصول الكلي لنبات الخيار، صنف بيت ألفا، في عام 2019؛ بغرض زيادة عدد الأزهار المؤنثة والمحصول للنبات الواحد. نُفذ البحث في المشتل التابع لمكتب الزراعة والري في محافظة إب في الجمهورية اليمنية، ودُرست مجموعة من صفات النمو الزهري والمحصول. وأظهرت النتائج أن الرش بالمستخلص المائي لفصوص الثوم أدى إلى تحسين صفات النمو الزهري والمحصول الكلي؛ إذ أعطى التركيز 3.75 سم3/ لتر أعلى القيم وبتفوق معنوي للصفات المدروسة (عدد الأزهار المؤنثة/ نبات، والنسبة الجنسية والإنتاجية الكلية) بلغت 40.10 زهرة/ نبات، في حين بلغت الصفتان المدروستان الأخرييان 1.29 و31.44 طناً/ هكتار على التوالي، عدا موقع أول زهرة أنثوية وعدد الأزهار المذكرة/ نبات؛ وقد أعطى التركيز نفسه أقل القيم وبانخفاض معنوي بلغت 4.98 و30.82 زهرة على التوالي، بينما التركيز 5 سم3/ لتر أعطى أعلى القيم للنسبة المئوية للثمار العاقدة وبتفوق معنوي بلغت 58.11%. تم تحسين قيمة الانحدار التربيعي (R2) من 3.6% (خطي) إلى 86.6% (تربيعي)، ويلاحظ أن الانحدار في صورة المنحنى التربيعي أظهر كفاءة أعلى عن الصورة في المنحنى الخطي في تفسير نقص أو زيادة الإنتاج المرتبط بنقص أو زيادة تركيزات مستخلص فصوص الثوم. وفي المنحنى التربيعي، إذا تم رش مستخلص الثوم الورقي بمستوى 3.53 سم3/ لتر، فمن المتوقع أن يكون الحد الأقصى لإجمالي محصول الخيار 30.94 طناً/ هكتار.أثبت البحث فاعلية مستخلص فصوص الثوم عند تركيز معيّن في رفع أعداد الأزهار المؤنثة مقارنة بالأزهار المذكرة في النبات الواحد ومما ينتج منه زيادة إنتاج النبات.
Presentación dosier
Authors: Anido José
Published: October 2022

Han transcurrido 25 años desde que Agroalimentaria apareció por primera vez (septiembre de 1995). Haber llegado hasta aquí es resultado del tesonero esfuerzo de quienes han servido de Editores y sus equipos de colaboradores, de los árbitros y de un pequeño grupo de instituciones patrocinantes como el CDCHTA-ULA, el Repositorio Institucional SABER-ULA y su personal, la Fundación Empresas Polar, la AIEA2, entre otras. En el número 51 ofrecemos la segunda parte del dosier especial 25 aniversario, en la cual se incluyen 11 artículos de investigadores de alto prestigio en Colombia, Costa Rica, España y Venezuela.
La cadena agroalimentaria del cacao en Venezuela: hacia el desarrollo territorial
Authors: Quintero María
Published: October 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la cadena agroalimentaria del cacao en Venezuela en los últimos años, como motor en la promoción del desarrollo territorial. La metodología de investigación utilizada es documental, con base en la consulta de fuentes de información bibliográfica y datos estadísticos sobre el objeto de estudio, así como entrevistas abiertas a informantes calificados. En el actual contexto mundial se evidencia el protagonismo de las empresas transnacionales y de las cadenas globales de valor (CGV) que coordinan, entre ellas las del cacao y chocolate, para lograr un mayor dominio del mercado y la maximización de beneficios. Por su parte, Venezuela ha sido productor de cacao fino o de aroma desde el siglo XVI y se trata por tanto de un rubro tradicional, con características especiales de aroma y sabor. De cara al escenario mundial, aunado a la crisis económica y política en Venezuela desde los inicios del siglo XXI, es importante analizar la cadena agroalimentaria del cacao en Venezuela con una perspectiva sistémica y territorial, más allá del tradicional enfoque sectorial. Se trata de mejorar el desempeño de este circuito sustentado en una mayor competitividad con calidad diferenciada del grano de cacao y sus derivados. Por consiguiente, es fundamental la activación de los recursos territoriales y sus potencialidades, impulsando los procesos de innovación, reformas institucionales y fortalecimiento de las redes de cooperación entre los actores o alianzas productivas, entre otros, que se traducirán en un mayor bienestar en el futuro, con base en la generación de emprendimientos con cacao fino, el fomento de prácticas de producción y de consumo responsables, la agregación de valor, la creación de empleo, el mejoramiento de los ingresos, la contribución a la diversificación de la economía.
El alimento como base de la salud individual y ambiental: reflexiones para la formación de consumidores conscientes basadas en una experiencia local con el plátano agroecológico
Authors: Ablan Elvira , Acevedo Dimas
Published: October 2022

El propósito de este artículo es esbozar algunas reflexiones que sean generadoras de ideas y propuestas orientadas a proporcionar información al consumidor, de manera que pueda tomar decisiones conscientes a la hora de decidir sobre su alimentación. La compra del alimento es, en última instancia, un sencillo acto que finalmente apoya un sistema de producción industrial, intensivo, tóxico, no sustentable y predador del ambiente (generador del cambio climático); o por el contrario, que apoya a un sistema de producción sustentable, no tóxico y de bajo impacto ambiental. La reflexión tiene que ver con la propuesta de desarrollo de otro tipo de etiquetado, que tenga como objetivo ampliar significativamente, pero de manera simplificada, la información tradicional del rótulo. El rótulo permitiría al consumidor conocer las características del alimento preempacado en términos de salud individual y ambiental. Por una parte, se aportan elementos que permiten reflexionar sobre la formulación de un rótulo que, trascendiendo más allá del aspecto nutricional del alimento, agregue información sobre la huella ambiental del bien a ser consumido. El resultado deseable sería avanzar hacia la codificación del resultado, de manera que pueda ser entendido por el mayor número de consumidores. Por otra parte, en el artículo se describe una experiencia de comercialización de un alimento no empacado –el plátano FHIA 20–, cosechado bajo el sistema de producción agroecológica, llevado a cabo a nivel local. En esta experiencia se procuró igualmente la generación de consciencia en el consumidor sobre el origen del alimento que consume, en términos de su procedencia y forma de producción. Así, los consumidores pudieron conocer y valorar los beneficios ambientales y en la salud humana del alimento que estaban adquiriendo.
Programas de alimentação escolar (PAES) «de produção local»: um instrumento para a construção de uma nova equação alimentar?
Authors: Balem Tatiana , Fialho Marco , Schneider Sergio
Published: October 2022

O regime agroalimentar industrial demonstra uma série de problemas, consideradas questões chaves para o debate da Nova Equação Alimentar (NEA). Estão no centro do debate a segurança alimentar, os problemas de saúde, a sustentabilidade do sistema agroalimentar e a erosão dos vínculos entre produção e consumo. Parte-se do pressuposto que os PAE podem ser importantes instrumentos ou “portas de entradas do tipo” de relocalização da alimentação e de emergência de um novo regime agroalimentar. Assim, esse trabalho busca analisar em que medida as políticas de alimentação escolar estão alinhadas ou contribuem com o debate circunscrito no conjunto de ideias da NEA. Foram analisadas as contribuições da política do World Food Programme, da política brasileira estabelecida a partir de 2009, além disso, do referencial dos autores Morgan e Sonnino, basilares na discussão do potencial dos PAE na reconstrução do sistema agroalimentar. A base da discussão dos PAE “de production locale”: (home-grown school feeding) como porta de entrada para uma NEA está alinhada com quatro princípios básicos: i) compra de alimentos da agricultura local e de pequena escala; ii) valorização da cultura alimentar; iii) fornecimento de alimentos de qualidade e saudáveis aos escolares; iv) a alimentação escolar como estímulo ao desenvolvimento de sistemas de produção e de consumo alternativos. É possível apontar que a alimentação escolar tem potencial de construir uma nova cultura coletiva de desenvolvimento sustentável e um sistema agroalimentar amparado pela reconexão entre produção e consumo. No entanto, é necessário o Estado criar mecanismos e outras políticas intersetoriais que favoreçam a produção, o processamento e a comercialização em pequena escala. O caso brasileiro demonstra que se avançou significantemente na concepção de PAE, no entanto outras estruturas estatais mantiveram-se nos velhos padrões.
Consumo de miel: análisis bibliométrico y revisión sistemática
Authors: Oliveira Waldomiro , Paiva Roberto , Novais Jaílson
Published: October 2022

Honey is the most widespread bee product in the world. Consumption-centered research supports the honey market, subsidizing marketing strategies focused on consumer’s profile. The present manuscript was aimed at providing a bibliometric analysis and a systematic review of scientific production on honey consumption. The data comprise periodical articles indexed in the Web of Science - Clarivate Analytics, processed in the VOSviewer software. A total of 472 articles with the radicals honey* consum* in the bibliometric analysis were identified. The manuscripts come from 68 countries, published between 1958 and 2018, with the largest number of publications in 2016 (52). Of the 472 articles initially retrieved, the reading of titles and abstracts revealed 22 specific papers about honey consumption. These articles comprise 14 countries. Their objectives included: to characterize the profile of the consumers, reasons that lead to the purchase and consumption of honey, perceptions about the market price, socioeconomic effects on the consumption pattern, among other aspects. However, the low number of articles identified in the systematic review reveals a gap still present in the literature on honey consumption. Despite the large number of articles originally identified at WoS database, the systematic revision revealed out the scarcity of publications directly dealing with honey consumption in their objectives, the number of which has been increasing from 2006 onwards. The results also showed that most research on honey consumption were based on quantitative methods, especially the use of face-to-face interview for data collection, which reveals a potential for further studies focused on these approaches. Poland and the United States stood out with the major countries with articles on honey consumption, although the lack of such studies for countries with large honey production (such as China, Iran and Turkey). Finally, regarding to the country of origin of the authors, a low internationalization of scientific literature on this research issue was also observed.
José Rafael Lovera (1939- 2021). In memoriam…
Authors: Cartay Rafael
Published: October 2022

En esta pequeña reseña-homenaje póstumo, el profesor e investigador de la ULA-Venezuela y de la Universidad Técnica de Manabí-Ecuador Rafael Cartay resume algunas de las contribuciones más importantes de Don José Rafael Lovera a la historia de la gastronomía y la alimentación.
Componentes del valor del agua a considerar en la determinación de las tarifas de riego en la zona citrícola de Villa del Rosario, provincia de Entre Ríos, Argentina
Authors: Pagliettini Liliana , Domínguez Jorge , Villegas Alan
Published: October 2022

La mayoría de los países de Latinoamérica dispone de normativas sobre recursos hídricos, tanto para regular la utilización como para la protección de este recurso natural. El pago de un “canon de riego”, previsto en la mayoría de las legislaciones es un instrumento que busca mejorar la eficiencia en la asignación del recurso y asegurar el financiamiento del sistema hídrico. Su determinación está íntimamente vinculada a la determinación del “valor económico del agua”. El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar los componentes dicho valor y su impacto en el canon de riego, en torno a la gestión del sistema de regadío de un curso artificial de dominio público: el acueducto construido en la zona citrícola de Villa del Rosario, provincia de Entre Ríos, Argentina. Para el análisis se identificaron los componentes del valor del agua, utilizando fuentes secundarias de información. El procedimiento de “análisis de conflictos” permitió reconocer los diferentes actores intervinientes, así como sus posiciones respecto a la gestión del riego, a partir de sistematizar información de diferentes fuentes (consultorías y entrevistas). Finalmente, se procedió a encuestar a productores, con base en un muestreo estratificado, con el objetivo de reforzar aspectos económicos y organizativos del consorcio. Los resultados permitieron determinar el costo de disponibilidad del recurso, que comprende el costo de la inversión y los gastos de mantenimiento, que fue estimado en el orden de US$ 0,04936 por m3 de agua. Esta tarifa representa el pago mínimo a realizar por los productores por el uso con fines productivos, sin subvenciones y sin considerar ninguna ganancia ni externalidades económicas ni ambientales. A su vez, el costo de oportunidad asumió distintos valores para las diferentes escalas de explotaciones consideradas: US$/m3 0,01224 para los de 15 ha; US$/m3 0,1056 para los de 23 ha; US$/m3 0,1715 para las de 23 ha con riego antes de la obra.
Gestión de costos de la logística verde en la región sur de Brasil
Authors: Engelage Emanuele , Borgert Altair
Published: October 2022

This study analyses the practices of green logistic and costs management in an agroindustry in the southern region of Brazil. Interviews with a semi-structured script, follow-up of internal processes and inquiries on websites, in management reports and account plans were conducted, for analyze the company's adherence to the 84 practices identified in the literature and organized into nine components, identify other practices not listed, verify the cost elements linked to these practices and how the company manages these costs. The results indicate that the company uses about 83% of the analyzed practices, with the inclusion of six not mentioned in the literature. For practices not introduced or partially used, potentialities and ways of improvement have been verified. The component with the lowest adherence is green marketing. The loading and unloading, packaging, storage and green production have 100% of the practices used by the company, even if partially. However, for the green transport has an adherence of 95.8% (23 of the 24 analyzed). We identified 70 cost elements, many of which exist regardless of ecological practices, but are affected by them. To manage them, the company performs comparative analysis through an integrated information system that tracks data at analytical levels. Some information is entered into the system in isolation and others can be computed from the following accounting period. Many practices are carried out without the perception that they are socio-environmental actions, but their analysis and monitoring can serve as a basis for strategic decision-making and for the realization of sustainable marketing, including the preparation of the Sustainability Report, which the company intends to disclose in the future. In addition, the results serve as a guide to other companies, even if from different segments, by favoring the understanding of the theme and the existing possibilities and providing indications of how to execute them.