bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What Airbnb Host Listings Influence Peer-to-Peer Tourist Accommodation Price?
Authors: Chattopadhyay Manojit , Mitra Subrata Kumar
Published: March 2020

Recognizing that the pricing strategy of the newly emerging online shared accommodation industry would be different from that of the traditional hotel industry, this study attempted to identify the variables that are the main determinants of the peer-to-peer tourist accommodation price. Using a data set of Airbnb accommodation listings for Toronto, the study established a relationship between room pricing and various listing variables and identified a reduced number of listing attributes that influence the room price significantly. Focusing on a reduced number of important variables, Airbnb hosts can not only increase average profit but would also give tourists a better rental experience. Along with traditional multiple regressions approach, the study also applied two different approaches and found that the analysis of hedonic pricing using nonlinear and nonparametric approaches is quite promising.
The Influence of Contemporary Negative Political Relations on Ethnic Dining Choices
Authors: Kim Jong-Hyeong , Li Jun (Justin)
Published: March 2020

The marketing literature has demonstrated that political animosity influences consumers’ boycott intention. However, this question has rarely been examined in the hospitality setting. Thus, by utilizing cognitive appraisal theory and value-belief-norm theory, this study proposes a model to investigate the effect of animosity on ethnic dining behavior. To this end, this study examines the effect of animosity on switching intention by examining the structural relationships among anticipated negative emotions, personal norms, and switching intention. Study results demonstrate that individuals’ animosity beliefs influence their intention to switch to a different ethnic restaurant through anticipated negative emotions and personal norms. The current study’s findings provide ethnic restaurateurs with insights on how to revise marketing strategies when animosity is raised toward the origin country of which their ethnic cuisine is based on.
Development of a new car C-pillar made of sandwich structures
Authors: Valladares David , Castejon Luis , Cuartero Jesus , Malon Hugo , Ranz Angulo David , Ilijevic Stefan , Agustin Xavier
Published: March 2020

This article presents the experimental–numerical analysis carried out in order to achieve a new automotive component, consisting of a C-pillar constituted by sandwich structure made of steel skins and a rigid foam core. The objective was to achieve a lighter component than the corresponding reference configuration, yet fulfilling mechanical requirements related to stiffness and strength. In fact, the new C-pillar should be at least stiffer and stronger than the reference component. In addition, the final price of the new C-pillar should be in the same range as the price of the initial component, which made it impossible to apply expensive materials such as carbon fiber composite materials.
Interdisciplinary Nature of Architectural Discourse within the Triangle of Architecture, Sociology and Literary Fiction
Authors: Tuna Ultav Zeynep , Sever Müge
Published: March 2020

With the supposition that architectural discourse has an interdisciplinary nature, this study aims to display the way literary fiction borrows several themes from architectural discourse in order to form its “literary spaces” as well as the way architectural discourse borrows several themes from other social sciences, especially from sociology. Thus, new wave science fiction writer J.G. Ballard’s literature provides a fruitful resource for the construction of this study. It will be demonstrated that spatial data within the five selected works of Ballard exist in a similar way within architectural discourse of the recent past that criticizes modern architectural movement via several themes. An analysis will be made parallel to the discourses of the critiques of modern architectural discourse. In this sense, intersecting both the discourse of architecture and that of Ballard, there emerge three common themes to focus on: social isolation, class discrimination as a result of social isolation, and alienation in the modern world. While displaying the mediatory role of architectural discourse between sociology and literary fiction through reading in the spatiality of the text, the study will also draw lessons to be learned from Ballard’s works emphasizing the production of design theory through the field of discourse.
Homeless People in Public Space and the Politics of (In)visibility
Authors: Pospěch Pavel
Published: March 2020

Homeless people were a new sight in the post-1989 Czech Republic, as the previous regime effectively criminalized homelessness. Thus, in the 1990s, the new visibility of homeless people was a shock to the public eye. This paper is based on a longitudinal study of how, based on this new visibility, the representations of homeless people developed throughout the 1989–2015 period. The paper focuses on the interplay between physical visibility of homelessness and its visibility for public policy. It introduces a threefold theoretical model of how the former is transformed into the latter: I argue that, to be recognized as “problematic” in public space, a group must (a) be recognized as a distinct category (categorical visibility), (b) be recognized as a threat to the civil order (moral visibility), and (c) that public policy must have legal instruments to perceive and address the issue (the eyes and arms of public policy).
The Making of Contentious Political Space: The Transformation of Hong Kong’s Victoria Park
Authors: Kwok Chi , Chan Ngai Keung
Published: March 2020

Space plays a vital role in structuring and forming social movements into particular shapes—especially via its physical settings, the representation constructed through dominant and alternative discourses, and protesters’ spatial practices therein. Geographers and urban theorists have long argued that public space is of paramount significance to collective actions. Yet we know less about how a sustainable, manageable, and iconic public space for continuous movement mobilization is created. This article uses Victoria Park, an iconic public space of contention in Hong Kong, as a case to examine how a contentious political space is made. Through archival research, we demonstrate how the Defend Diaoyutai Islands Movement of the 1970s transformed the park from an “empty” recreational space to a political space. People’s political actions made this transformation of the spatial order possible. Nonetheless, the British colonial government re-policed the spatial norms of the space, which in turn regulated both the government and protesters. The study affords significant opportunities for thinking about the spatial constraints of contentious politics.
Leadership learning, power and practice in Laos: A leadership-as-practice perspective
Authors: Case Peter , Śliwa Martyna
Published: March 2020

This article contributes to the growing body of literature developed within the leadership-as-practice perspective, focusing on issues of learning and power. It draws on a co-constructed (auto)ethnographic account of an individual’s longitudinal experience of leadership in the context of an international development project in Laos. This person’s circumstances as a non-Lao-speaking foreigner provided him with a unique opportunity to learn about and participate in the embodied, sociomaterial unfolding of leadership practice in an unfamiliar setting. The analysis examines (1) what ‘leadership learning’ involves when viewed through an ‘entative soft’ leadership-as-practice lens and (2) how individual attempts at exercising power and influence can be understood and represented in leadership-as-practice terms. The study highlights that participants are not given equal scope to exercise power within the emerging, hybrid agency orienting the flow of leadership, and that one task of leadership learning at an individual level is to develop reflexive knowledge about one’s own and others’ contribution to the unfolding of leadership process. Such knowledge draws increased attention to the responsibilities commensurate with attempts to exercise influence within leadership practice.
Onwards to the new political frontier: Macron’s electoral populism
Authors: Fougère Martin , Barthold Charles
Published: March 2020

This speaking out article argues that populism is not only a phenomenon that characterizes extremist figures such as Farage, Trump or Le Pen. Drawing on Laclau’s conceptualization of populism, we show how French President Emmanuel Macron developed in 2017 a form of anti-extreme electoral populism relying upon (1) the creation of a new political frontier between ‘progressive reformers’ and ‘backward-looking conservatives’, and (2) a number of key empty signifiers, such as ‘Revolution’, ‘(The Republic) onwards’ and ‘and at the same time’. These discursive levers allowed Macron’s campaigns to incarnate a gradually larger plurality of demands, modulating the openness of equivalential chains over three successful electoral steps: the presidential first round, the presidential second round and the parliamentary elections. In parallel, his movement gradually moved from emergent organizing through a partial organization to a bureaucratized and hierarchized party. Thus, our analysis illuminates how Macron organized his own populism, based on a completely new movement: Macron’s electoral populism exploited the middle space left vacant by all other candidates, it relied on its own anti-establishment discourse, and in doing so it succeeded in unifying much more demands than other populisms, leading to a landslide win in the French parliamentary elections.
Factor structure and psychometric properties of the brief Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale for adults on the autism spectrum
Authors: Hwang Ye In (Jane) , Arnold Samuel , Trollor Julian , Uljarević Mirko
Published: March 2020

Resilience is an increasingly popular concept in literature as a protective factor against mental ill-health. While elevated rates of anxiety and mood disorders occur in adults on the autism spectrum, there is a gap in literature investigating the application of resilience to this population. This brief report examined the factor structure and psychometric properties of the 10-item Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale in a sample of 95 autistic adults ( Mage = 44). Our findings provide evidence for a unidimensional structure and robust psychometric properties of the scale in an autistic population, in line with factorial studies involving the general population.

Lay Abstract

Adults on the autism spectrum experience high rates of anxiety and depression, and may be particularly vulnerable to difficult and traumatic life experiences, which may contribute to the development and maintenance of these conditions. Resilience is an increasingly popular concept in research, which describes the ability to ‘bounce back’ following difficult emotional experiences, and the flexibility to adapt to stressful and demanding situations. The Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale has been used predominantly in studies involving non-autistic adults to measure resilience. While resilience is a potentially important concept for autistic adults, the suitability of the 10-item version of the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale for use with adults on the spectrum has not yet been studied. In this short report, we investigate whether the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale 10 is a valid measure to use with this population, and its relationship with other measures of mental well- or ill-being. Participants were 95 autistic adults with a mean age of 44 (63% female) who completed measures of resilience, autism symptoms, depression, anxiety and mental wellbeing. Overall, the findings indicate that the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale 10 may be reliably used with autistic adults to measure trait resilience, which is associated with positive wellbeing and may serve as a protective factor from negative mental wellbeing. Future studies may use the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale 10 to investigate resilience as a protective factor from negative mental health outcomes in response to traumatic and adverse emotional events for which autistic individuals may be particularly susceptible.
Social protectionist bias: The domestic politics of North–South trade agreements
Authors: Postnikov Evgeny , Bastiaens Ida
Published: March 2020

North–South preferential trade agreements (PTAs) have proliferated rapidly in the past decades. Despite a common focus on trade liberalisation, these preferential trade agreements differ greatly in their inclusion of labour and environmental provisions. A difference in the enforcement of these social standards is also puzzling: some preferential trade agreements envision sanctions for non-compliance while others do not. What explains this variation? We argue that Northern governments have their hands tied by domestic constituents demanding social standards as a key protectionist instrument. However, different electoral rules moderate the success of these demands. Because majoritarian systems provide a more efficient channel for the mobilisation of protectionist interests, they are more prone to social protectionist bias than their proportional representation counterparts. We assess our hypotheses using panel regressions of all North–South preferential trade agreements. Our analysis refines previous findings on tariff and non-tariff protectionist bias in majoritarian systems and shows how it is manifested in the design of preferential trade agreements.
“Politics of emotion”: Everyday affective circulation of women’s resistance and grief in Kashmir
Authors: Kaur Bhavneet
Published: March 2020

This article traces women’s narratives of the political struggle in Kashmir through the realm of ordinary, scattered, and everyday practices of resistance. It attempts to undo the narrative that overlooks the complexity of women’s lives in the face of ongoing violent political conflict; instead it argues that women in Kashmir escape easy categorization into victimhood. This article is embedded in the idea that there is something spectacular in the everydayness of lives embedded in violence; that the everyday is ruptured and layered like the memory of its people. “In Kashmir, which is a historically and politically complex quagmire of violent protests, morbid silence, and killable lives, it is through the barbed spaces of the everyday we see varied surging affects: of loss, of pain, of anger, of endurance, of fear, and of silence” (Kaur). And in this article, I locate women as the protagonists of these circulating affects, inscribing new meanings to the “political” through the politics of emotion.
Data-driven outreach to opportunity youth using population data and Geographic Information System technology
Authors: Wang Chuyuan , Mody Elizabeth H , Hunting Dan , Hoyt James , Ferguson Kristin M
Published: March 2020

Opportunity youth (i.e. ages 16–24 who are neither working nor in school) are difficult to engage in services. Population-level data and Geographic Information System (GIS) technology play a critical role in helping social work practitioners understand where target populations reside and which characteristics are most salient to their service needs. This case study of the Opportunities for Youth Coalition demonstrates the use of population-level data and GIS technology in social work research and practice. We describe the collective impact approach, extant methods of youth outreach, and the Coalition’s efforts to address youth disconnection. We used American Community Survey data, ArcGIS software, and hot spot analysis to answer three research questions.

Findings

In the Phoenix Metro Area, there are 75,200 opportunity youth. Greater percentages of youth of color are opportunity youth in comparison with White youth. One in three individuals who have limited English proficiency and who have a disability are opportunity youth. Nearly one in five individuals living in poverty is an opportunity youth. We identify the top five high population density areas for opportunity youth. Further, we highlight three ways that the Coalition’s use of data and GIS technology has enhanced youths’ and service providers’ engagement: (1) increased referrals, (2) increased involvement of organizations, and (3) increased understanding of special populations.

Applications

We discuss the benefits and challenges of using population data and GIS technology to guide youth engagement. We conclude with strategies for community practitioners to replicate in other geographic areas and with other hard-to-reach populations.
From the drought to the mud: rediscovering geopoetics and cultural hybridity from the Global South
Authors: Ferretti Federico
Published: March 2020

This article addresses the notion of geopoetics, arguing for a decolonial rediscovery of ideas and practices associated with this concept through authors, narratives and (geo)poetical traditions from the Global South. For this purpose, I analyse a body of narrative work, poetry and archives by Brazilian geographers Mauro Mota and Josué de Castro, inserting their texts into the cultural and environmental contexts of their region, the Northeast of Brazil, which is characterised by ethnic hybridity and a history of anti-colonial insurgency from socially and racially marginalised groups. Extending and putting into relation literature on geopoetics, on the ‘creative (re)turn’ in geography and on the Global South as a notion associated with subaltern spaces and geographies of resistance, I argue for geopoetics as an engaged, activist, cosmopolitan, anti-racist and decolonial field of study, one which has the potential of extending the disciplinary reach of cultural geography. The literary works of these Northeastern geographers provide important contributions for blurring the classical European epistemological divide between nature and culture by addressing ideas on more-than-human hybridity associated with Northeastern environments, as well as indigenous and Afro-Brazilian cultural and ethical legacies.
Identifying new concepts for innovative lighting-based interventions to influence movement and behaviours in train stations
Authors: Hughes N , Ryan B , Hallewell M , Coad N , Grant A , Parrott N , Roberts S , Thompson K
Published: March 2020

The disorderly and disrupted movement of passengers within train stations are key concerns in rail transport, especially where there are increasing numbers of passengers, coupled with often out-dated, adapted station spaces. With careful planning and design, different characteristics of lighting can be employed to address problems relating to the movement and behaviour of passengers in railway environments. This study aims to offer an approach to identify new concepts for lighting-based interventions to influence passenger movement behaviours within train stations. Behaviourally orientated lighting literature was reviewed, providing the knowledge base to inform a series of engagement activities with transport stakeholders and lighting technologists, to understand problematic behaviours and how these might be resolved through targeted lighting design. In combining findings from the literature with insights from rail and transport-related industry stakeholders and lighting specialists, a number of potential opportunities for novel applications of lighting have been identified. Six scenarios are developed that illustrate these opportunities for potential lighting-based interventions to influence train passenger movement and behaviour. These scenarios can be used to inform the direction of further research and consideration of how different lighting characteristics can affect rail passenger behaviours.
Creativity: A key concept in guidance and career counselling
Authors: Valverde José de , Thornhill-Miller Branden , Patillon Thi-Van , Lubart Todd
Published: March 2020

Creativity can be considered a key resource in human development, education and adaptation. It is often defined as the ability to generate novel productions (ideas or work) that are valuable in their context and are also frequently surprising. In the context of the 21st century skills movement, creativity is systematically cited as a life skill, together with critical thinking, collaboration and communication skills. In this article, we explore the role of creativity in vocational guidance and suggest how it may be further integrated into discussions of career counselling. The article first offers a collection of perspectives from the French guidance counselling literature, educational guidance and training perspectives. This material illustrates the pivotally important modern expansion of the field’s mission from helping students making career choices to that of providing individuals of all kinds with the skills and perspective necessary to begin the lifelong process of building their own ‘life project’. In this expanded vision of career counselling, we argue that the understanding and development of an individuals’ creativity becomes even more centrally important.
Retail Food Environment Intervention Planning: Interviews With Owners and Managers of Small- and Medium-Sized Rural Food Stores
Authors: Hasdell Rebecca , Poland Blake , Cole Donald , Sheppard Flo , Burton Laurel , Mah Catherine L.
Published: March 2020

Retail food environments are an important setting for promoting healthier diets and reducing the global burden of diet-related disease. The purpose of this 2-year community–university partnership was to develop a health promotion intervention for stores in a rural and remote region of British Columbia, Canada. This article reports on the qualitative interviews that were conducted with retail operators as part of an intervention planning process. Seven in-depth, semistructured interviews were conducted with store owners and managers of small- and medium-sized stores in a rural and remote region. Interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify business operations and practices relevant to intervention planning and implementation. Relevant considerations for health promotion planners included the unique business models of rural stores; the prominence of regional travel and “outshopping” in rural and remote regions; challenges balancing between choice, value, and profitability; relationships with suppliers; and using local products to attract and retain customers. Involving retailers in settings-based approaches to improve population nutrition may help to mobilize existing practices and ensure that interventions are responsive to local context.
A study on fluorinated ethylene propylene/polytetrafluoroethylene foam coating composite as potential flue gas filtration materials
Authors: Chen Miaomiao , Zhang Yue , Wu HaiBo , Liu Li , Wang Hong
Published: March 2020

Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene membrane-laminated filters, featuring chemical durability and high temperature resistance, have attracted a large amount of attention in the field of baghouse filter. However, their poor physical properties and short-term life are concerned recently. As an alternative to expanded polytetrafluoroethylene-laminated membrane filters, foam coating provides another route for dust removal by bag-house filter. In this paper, a remarkable composite was fabricated by foam coating fluorinated ethylene propylene/polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion on the surface of glass-fiber woven fabrics, followed by the water evaporation and porous layer formation process. And the corresponding properties such as pore size and distribution, air permeability, and morphology were investigated as well as the characterization of foaming agent, like thickening additive, drying temperature, and time. The mechanism of porous structure of the composite was discussed. The fastness of the fluorinated ethylene propylene/polytetrafluoroethylene foam coating composite was investigated in comparison with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene membrane-laminated filters. This may help pave the way for another novel high-temperature gas flue filter with long-term and ultra-low emission performance.
Endoscopic Versus Percutaneous Preoperative Biliary Drainage in Patients With Klatskin Tumor Undergoing Curative Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Short-Term and Long-Term Outcomes
Authors: Hajibandeh Shahab , Hajibandeh Shahin , Satyadas Thomas
Published: March 2020

Aims. To compare short-term and long-term outcomes of preoperative endoscopic biliary drainage (EBD) and percutaneous biliary drainage (PBD) in patients with Klatskin tumor undergoing curative surgery. Methods. We conducted a search of electronic information sources to identify all studies comparing EBD and PBD in patients with Klatskin tumor undergoing curative surgery. We used the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale to assess the risk of bias observational studies. Random-effects or fixed-effects modeling was applied as appropriate to calculate pooled outcome data. Results. We identified 9 observational studies, enrolling a total of 1436 patients. The patients in the PBD group had more advanced disease than those in EBD group in terms of Bismuth-Corlette classification and tumor classification. EBD was associated with higher risks of postprocedural complications (odds ratio [OR] =2.24, P = .001), conversion to another drainage method (OR =11.16, P < .00001), cholangitis (OR = 4.58, P < .0001), and pancreatitis (OR = 8.90, P = .009) than PBD; there was no difference between the 2 methods in terms of technical success (OR = 0.79, P = .50) and tube dislocation (OR = 0.81, P = .54). Regarding the postoperative outcomes, there was no difference in terms of 30-day mortality (OR = 0.61, P = .16) and major postoperative complications (OR = 0.60, P = .06). Regarding the long-term outcomes, EBD was associated with lower risks of seeding metastasis (OR = 0.46, P = .0004) and 5-year recurrence (OR = 0.72, P = .010), and better 5-year survival (OR = 1.62, P = .001). Conclusions. EBD may be associated with higher procedure-related complications compared with PBD as a preoperative biliary drainage method in patients with Klatskin tumor undergoing curative surgery. The available evidence on long-term oncological and survival outcomes are subject to confounding by indication, and high-quality randomized controlled trials are required for definite conclusions.
Optimization and prediction of ultra-fine glass fiber felt process parameters based on artificial neural network
Authors: Zhang Xiaobo , Chen Zhaofeng , Wang Fei , Zhang Duanyin
Published: March 2020

Ultra-fine glass fiber felt (fiber diameter ⩽3 μm) is prepared by the flame blowing process with superior thermal insulation and sound insulation. It is widely used in construction and aerospace by improving its uniformity and fiber diameter to further enhance its thermal and acoustic insulation properties. In this article, the purpose is further to create a smart manufacturing system using artificial neural network to provide analysis, judgment, and optimization for the manufacture of aerospace-grade ultra-fine glass fiber felt. When there were 11 neurons in the hidden layer, both the relative error Z values of the uniformity and the fiber diameter were the smallest, which were 0.0382 and 0.0073, respectively. So the structure 3−[11]1–2 with the back-propagation training algorithm was the most adaptive model, which was proved by comparing the mean relative error. In addition, after comparison with the measured data, the predicted and measured values are very similar and the error between them is small, so this structure has been confirmed to have a high accuracy. Finally, three-dimensional planes for the predicted uniformity and fiber diameter as a function of each process parameters are established. The predictive quality was pretty satisfactory, which can be applied to predict new data in the same knowledge domain.
Profiles of adolescents’ civic attitudes in sixteen countries: Examining cross-cohort changes from 1999 to 2009
Authors: Barber Carolyn , Ross Jessica
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine profiles of students’ attitudes toward citizenship norms and inclusiveness in the political process, focusing on changes in the frequency of particular profiles and in the strength of predictors across a decade. Using data from 16 countries participating in the 1999 and 2009 International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement civic education studies, we identified five attitudinal profiles. Profiles defined by negative attitudes toward diverse social groups decreased over time, whereas profiles defined by very positive attitudes toward diverse groups increased, particularly in western Europe. Although some post-Communist countries demonstrated trends toward more positive attitudinal profiles, others trended toward profiles defined by weaker citizenship norms. Across countries and cohorts, more positive profiles were associated with stronger school climates and expectations of civic participation.
Different risk factors in identical features of intracranial atherosclerosis plaques in the posterior and anterior circulation in high-resolution MRI
Authors: Xu Ziqi , Li Mingyao , Lyu Jinhao , Hou Zhikai , He Jianfeng , Mo Dapeng , Gao Feng , Liu Xin , Sui Binbin , Shen Mi , Pan Yuesong , Wang Yongjun , Lou Xin , Miao Zhongrong , Luo Benyan , Ma Ning
Published: March 2020

Background:

We constructed a high-volume registry to identify whether risk factors of intracranial atherosclerotic plaque (ICAP) features differ in the posterior and anterior circulation in patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) investigated by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HRMRI).

Methods:

The registry was constructed for patients with symptomatic ICAS who underwent HRMRI for culprit plaques. ICAP-vulnerable features included positive remodelling, diffuse distribution, intraplaque haemorrhage and strong enhancement.

Results:

We analysed risk factors for the same ICAP features between the posterior and anterior circulation in data of 97 patients in the posterior circulation and 105 patients in the anterior circulation ICAPs. In patients with diffuse distribution, the probability of being female were lower [odds ratio (OR):0.08; 95% confidence interval (CI):0.02–0.34; p = 0.001] and having diabetes mellitus was higher (OR: 7.75; 95% CI:1.75–34.39; p = 0.007) in posterior circulation patients. In patients with strong enhancement, the probability of having diabetes was higher in posterior circulation patients (OR:6.71; 95% CI:1.37–32.81; p = 0.019).

Conclusions:

Our results demonstrate more risk factors in the posterior than in the anterior circulation in patients with the same ICAP-vulnerable features, highlighting the need for stratification of risk factors in symptomatic ICAPs.

Trial Registration:

URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT02705599.
Use of educational technologies in the promotion of children’s cardiovascular health: a systematic review
Authors: Chaves Costa Francisca Bertilia , Catrib Ana Maria Fontenelle , Branco July Grassiely de Oliveira , de Sales Rafaela Oliveira , da Silva Junior Geraldo Bezerra , Abdon Ana Paula Vasconcellos , de Almeida Lana Paula Crivelaro Monteiro
Published: March 2020

Objective:

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of educational technologies for cardiovascular health promotion in children.

Methods:

A systematic review was carried out through a search in Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, Comissão de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal do Nível Superior, EBSCOHot Information Services, and US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health databases, using the descriptors: play and plaything, cardiovascular diseases, child, and health promotion, between 2012 and 2019.

Results:

Eight articles were selected for this review. The identified technologies were based on low-tech interventions, such as play workshops, using tools such as CARDIOKIDS, the SI! program, MOVI-2, and activities with wide-ranging digital tools such as Fooya!, Fit2PlayTM, and the exergame cycling program.

Conclusions:

It is noteworthy that all of the analyzed interventions were effective and those that involved playing were better accepted by the children.
Preoperative three-dimensional computer planning for reverse total shoulder arthroplasty and bone grafting for severe glenoid deformity
Authors: Tashjian Robert Z , Beck Lindsay , Stertz Irene , Chalmers Peter N
Published: March 2020

Background

Computer assisted planning without patient specific instrumentation may be utilized to guide reverse total shoulder arthroplasty baseplate placement. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference between planned and achieved inclination and retroversion correction with three-dimensional preoperative computer assisted planning in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty without patient specific instrumentation with bone grafting for severe glenoid erosion.

Methods

Preoperative three-dimensional computer assisted planning without patient specific instrumentation was performed on 15 patients undergoing primary reverse total shoulder arthroplasty with glenoid bone grafting for severe glenoid erosion. On preoperative and immediate postoperative computed tomography slices, two-dimensional retroversion and inclination were measured. Preoperative three-dimensional baseline retroversion and inclination and planned postoperative three-dimensional retroversion and inclination were measured. Planned and achieved version and inclination changes were compared.

Results

The planned and achieved retroversion corrections were 18° and 12°, respectively (p < 0.001). The planned and achieved inclination corrections were 11° and 11°, respectively (p = 0.803).

Conclusions

Three-dimensional computer assisted planning without patient specific instrumentation in the setting of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty with severe glenoid erosion requiring bone grafting can accurately guide baseplate placement. All cases in which failure to correct retroversion or inclination within 10° of planning occurred in patients with severe erosion (B3 or E3 glenoids), therefore patient specific guides may be warranted in these cases to improve accuracy of implantation.

Level of evidence

Level IV, retrospective case series.
Applying Parkes Grid Method to Evaluate Impact of Variation in Blood Glucose Monitoring (BGM) Strip Accuracy Performance in Type 1 Diabetes Highlights the Potential for Amplification of Imprecision With Less Accurate BGM Strips
Authors: Stedman Michael , Rea Rustam , Duff Christopher J. , Livingston Mark , Moreno Gabriela , Gadsby Roger , Lunt Helen , Fryer Anthony A. , Heald Adrian H.
Published: March 2020

Background:

The National Health Service spends £170 million on blood glucose monitoring (BGM) strips each year and there are pressures to use cheaper less accurate strips. Technology is also being used to increase test frequency with less focus on accuracy. Previous modeling/real-world data analysis highlighted that actual blood glucose variability can be more than twice blood glucose meter reported variability (BGMV). We applied those results to the Parkes error grid to highlight potential clinical impact.

Method:

BGMV is defined as the percent of deviation from reference that contains 95% of results. Four categories were modeled: laboratory (<5%), high accuracy strips (<10%), ISO 2013 (<15%), and ISO 2003 (<20%) (includes some strips still used). The Parkes error grid model with its associated category of risk including “alter clinical decision” and “affect clinical outcomes” was used, with the profile of frequency of expected results fitted into each BGM accuracy category.

Results:

Applying to single readings, almost all strip accuracy ranges derived in a controlled setting fell within the category: clinically accurate/no effect on outcomes areas. However modeling the possible blood glucose distribution in more detail, 30.6% of longer term results of the strips with current ISO accuracy would fall into the “alter clinical action” category. For previous ISO strips, this rose to 44.1%, and for the latest higher accuracy strips, this fell to 12.8%.

Conclusion:

There is a minimum standard of accuracy needed to ensure that clinical outcomes are not put at risk. This study highlights the potential for amplification of imprecision with less accurate BGM strips.
Effect of Isometric Resistance Training on Blood Pressure Values in a Group of Normotensive Participants: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Loaiza-Betancur Andrés F. , Pérez Bedoya Edison , Montoya Dávila Jeison , Chulvi-Medrano Iván
Published: March 2020

Context:

Cardiovascular diseases cause 17 million deaths annually worldwide, of which hypertension is responsible for 9.4 million and a 7% burden of disease. High blood pressure is responsible for 45% of deaths from heart disease and 51% of deaths from stroke.

Objective:

The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to quantify the effect of isometric resistance training on systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressure (SBP, DBP, and MAP, respectively) values in normotensive adult participants.

Data Sources:

This study was registered with the PROSPERO database. Eligible studies were identified after performing a systematic search within the following databases: PubMed, Scielo, BioMed Central, Clinical Trials, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and EBSCO.

Study Selection:

Randomized controlled trials that categorized participants as normotensive according to the guidelines of the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology were included.

Study Design:

Systematic review with meta-analysis.

Level of Evidence:

Level 1.

Data Extraction:

Data related to participant characteristics, exercise programs, level of evidence, risk of bias, Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template, and outcomes of interest were systematically reviewed independently by 2 authors.

Results:

A total of 6 randomized controlled trials were included. The following reductions in blood pressure (compared with the control group) were generated by isometric resistance training: SBP (mean difference [MD], −2.83 mm Hg; 95% CI, −3.95 to −1.72; P < 0.00001), DBP (MD, −2.73; 95% CI, −4.23 to −1.24; P = 0.0003), and MAP (MD, −3.07; 95% CI, −5.24 to −0.90; P = 0.005).

Conclusion:

It appears that isometric resistance training reduces SBP, DBP, and MAP in normotensive young adults in a statistically significant and clinically relevant manner. This type of exercise could be considered effective in preventing arterial hypertension.
From protest to parliament: The role of digital technologies within an online community
Authors: Sæbø Øystein , Federici Tommaso , Braccini Alessio Maria
Published: March 2020

Our teaching case introduces the story of how the Italian Five Star Movement used digital technologies in the growth from a personal blog discussing politics back in 2005 to the most voted party in the Italian election in 2018, becoming part of the government. The Italian Five Star Movement is among the largest eParticipation initiatives globally. It is (almost) totally organized through the use of digital platforms. Members form online communities and are continuously invited to discuss and make decisions that end up into Italian politics. Adopting a chronological perspective, we describe the development of the Italian Five Star Movement, focusing on their use of digital technologies at various stages and for various purposes. The case illustrates the growth of online communities and the advent of a social movement organization within the political sphere, and how to organize for members to discuss and make political decisions online. Furthermore, it demonstrates the growth of online communities and opportunities and challenges faced with such a quick progress.
Gabapentinoids: pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and considerations for clinical practice
Authors: Chincholkar Mahindra
Published: March 2020

The gabapentinoids are often recommended as first-line treatments for the management of neuropathic pain. The differing pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profiles can have implications for clinical practice. This article has summarised these key differences. In addition to their use in managing neuropathic pain, gabapentinoids are increasingly being used for off-label conditions despite the lack of evidence. Prescription rates for off-label conditions have overtaken that for on-label use. Similarly, the use of gabapentinoids in the perioperative period is now embedded in clinical practice despite conflicting evidence. This article summarises the risks associated with this increasing use. There is increasing evidence of the potential to cause harm in vulnerable populations such as the elderly and increasing prevalence of abuse. The risk of respiratory depression in combination with opioids is of particular concern in the context of the current opioid crisis. This article describes the practical considerations involved that might help guide appropriate prescribing practices.
Introduction to the Special Issue
Authors: Foxx Sejal Parikh , Lewis Chance W.
Published: March 2020

In this introduction to the special issue of Professional School Counseling on urban school counseling, the guest editors discuss the challenges faced by urban students and the gap in recent scholarship on this topic. Research and literature in this special issue highlight school counseling strategies and interventions that demonstrate positive outcomes and practical strategies for working with this population. Articles address college and career readiness, university–family–community partnerships, use of child–teacher relationship training, and strategies for establishing a culturally sustaining comprehensive school counseling program.
Identifying and Evaluating Schein’s Three Layers of Culture: The Texas A&M Culture Exercise
Authors: Bolinger Alexander R. , Burch Tyler C.
Published: March 2020

Organizational culture is a popular topic in management classes, but teaching about culture in a way that undergraduate students can relate to can be a challenge. In this article, we describe the Texas A&M culture exercise, which draws attention to how to diagnose and evaluate organizational culture using each of Schein’s three layers of culture. We also highlight a critical perspective that recognizes both the benefits and the drawbacks of a strong organizational culture, including its implications for efforts to foster greater diversity and inclusion. This article also includes ideas for variations and multimedia resources to further enrich this exercise and engage students.
Immune checkpoint inhibitor–associated renal amyloid A amyloidosis: A case series and review of the literature
Authors: Lapman Sebastian , Whittier William L , Parikh Rushang , Khanin Yuriy , Bijol Vanesa , Wanchoo Rimda , Jhaveri Kenar D
Published: March 2020

Immune checkpoint inhibitors are a cornerstone in the management of many oncological disorders, and their indications continue to grow. However, as with any therapy we must remain vigilant of the possible adverse effects. Although interstitial nephritis is a reported cause of immune checkpoint inhibitor–related kidney injury, immune-mediated glomerular disease has rarely been described. Here, we present three patients being treated with checkpoint inhibitors for colon cancer, metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, and melanoma, who developed biopsy-proven amyloid A amyloidosis. In all three cases, the malignancies were in remission, yet continued inflammation and amyloid deposition occurred, pointing toward a primary role of the immune checkpoint inhibitor. Treatment generally remains a challenge due to a paucity of reported cases, thus further study of cytokine profile is prudent. In one case, the patient was given tocilizumab in the setting of elevated interleukin-6 levels; unfortunately no appreciable renal benefit was noted and the patient became dialysis dependent. In the other two cases, the patients were treated with colchicine and steroids. One patient had a substantial decrease in proteinuria and inflammatory markers while no significant response was noted in the other. Knowledge of immune checkpoint inhibitor–associated amyloid A amyloidosis is important for the oncologist and the nephrologists.
The Effectiveness of the Government Rural Social Services Microcredit Programme in Bangladesh
Authors: Bhuyan Mohammad Harunur Rashid , Islam Md. Shahidul
Published: March 2020

The aim of this article is to measure the economic impact of Rural Social Services (RSS) microcredit programme on its participants. Multistage random sampling method was applied to select total 1,008 beneficiary respondents (households) and 504 control respondents (households) from Bangladesh. The propensity score matching (PSM) technique was applied to analyse the outcome of RSS micro-credit interventions. The results show that there were statistically significant differences in income, food expenditure, and non-food expenditure between the programme and non-programme participants. The result of this survey also reveal that after taking RSS loan, 4.34 per cent graduated from category A to B, and 8.41 per cent graduated from category A to C. On the other hand, 30.43 per cent loan takers graduated from category B to C. This result proves that RSS loan helps a certain number of families uplift their income position. The study suggests to further focus on knowledge and skills development of the poor people.
An Overview of Bearing Candidates for the Next Generation of Reusable Liquid Rocket Turbopumps
Authors: Xu Jimin , Li Changhuan , Miao Xusheng , Zhang Cuiping , Yuan Xiaoyang
Published: March 2020

There is a consensus in the aerospace field that the development of reusable liquid rockets can effectively reduce the launch expense. The pursuit of a long service life and reutilization highly depends on the bearing components. However, the rolling element bearings (REBs) used in the existing rocket turbopumps present obvious and increasing limitations due to their mechanical contacting mode. For REBs, high rotational speed and long service life are two performance indexes that mutually restrict each other. To go beyond the DN value (the product of the bearing bore and rotational speed) limit of REBs, the major space powers have conducted substantial explorations on the use of new types of bearings to replace the REB. This review discusses, first, the crucial role of bearings in rocket turbopumps and the related structural improvements of REBs. Then, with the prospect of application to the next generation of reusable liquid rocket turbopumps, the bearing candidates investigated by major space powers are summarized comprehensively. These promising alternatives to REBs include fluid-film, foil, and magnetic bearings, together with the novel superconducting compound bearings recently proposed by our team. Our more than ten years of relevant research on fluid-film and magnetic bearings are also introduced. This review is meaningful for the development of long-life and highly reliable bearings to be used in future reusable rocket turbopumps.