bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Learning Environment and Learning Motivation on Learning Achievement in Economics Subject Class VIII SMP Negeri 2 Satap Aesesa
Authors: Polo Asterius Yoseph , Rakhmadian Miftah , Sefaverdiana Putri Vina
Published: April 2022

Any school at all levels, from the lowest to the highest, expects that every student who studies at the school can obtain satisfactory achievements. If this can be realized, it is a matter of pride for students and for the school. Learning achievement is changes in knowledge and understanding, as well as values, attitudes and skills possessed by students after they are involved or experience the learning process. Based on the results of a preliminary study conducted by researchers on February 10, 2020 at the State Junior High School (SMP) Satap 2 Aesesa, it showed that the learning achievement of class VIII students in terms of the Final Semester Assessment (PAS) 1 economics subjects was still unsatisfactory, because the majority of the average grades the average class is still below the Minimum Learning Completeness Criteria (KKM) set by the teacher. This study aims to analyze the effect of the learning environment, learning motivation, on learning achievement. The sampling technique used is random sampling. The main data analysis technique used to test the research hypothesis is using multiple regression analysis. The results of this study are the independent learning environment variable has a positive and significant influence on the learning achievement variable. The independent learning motivation variable also has a positive and significant influence on the learning achievement variable on learning achievement. These two variables together also have a positive influence on learning achiev ement with a percentage of 53.6%, while the rest is influenced by other factors not included in this study
Pengembangan Modul Pembelajaran dengan Pendekatan Problem Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Mundus Matriyanus Ardinius , Sefaverdiana Putri Vina , Rakhmadian Miftah
Published: April 2022

Modul diartikan sebagai media untuk belajar mandiri karena di dalamnya telah dilengkapi petunjuk untuk belajar sendiri. Artinya, pembaca dapat melakukan kegiatan belajar tanpa kehadiran pengajar secara langsung yang dipadu oleh media modul sehingga mempermudahkan pesera didik untuk belajar kapan dan  dimanapun saja. Jenis pengembangan yang digunakan dalam penelitan ini adalah pengembangan atau  Research and Development. Alasan peneliti  memilih jenis pengembangan ini karena pengembangan merupakan suatu metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk menghasilkan produk tertentu.Hal ini relevan dengan tujuan peneliti yang ingin menghasilkan suatu produk yang valid, praktis, dan efektif, berupa  modul. Penelitian dan pengembangan ini berdasarkan model pengembangan yang dipilih, yaitu model pengembangan 4D yang dikembangkan oleh S. Thiagarajan. Model pengembangan 4D terdiri atas empat tahap yaitu: 1) Define, 2) Design, 3) Development dan 4) Disseminate. Produk yang di hasilkan berupa pengembangan modul pembelajaran dengan pendekatan Problem Based Learning untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa Kelas VIII SMP Ibnu Sina. Berdasarkan hasil validasi oleh  ke dua ahli yang pertama ahli materi diperoleh skor 92,64 dan ahli media dengan skor 83,92 dari nilai diatas dapat disimpulkan bahwa modul pelaku ekonomi masuk ke kategori sangat layak dan sudah bisa di implementasikan ke siswa siswi SMP.
The effectiveness of post-prosthetic rehabilitation measures with the use of platelet autoplasm in patients with periodontal diseases and disorders of carbohydrate metabolism
Authors: Naumova V. N. , Mikhalchenko D. V. , Maslak E. E. , Zhidovinov A. V. , Serbin A. S. , Aleshanov K. A.
Published: April 2022

Periodontal diseases and disorders of carbohydrate metabolism are comorbid conditions that aggravate each other. There are a number of practical recommendations aimed at preserving the positive results achieved by a dentist as a result of oral sanitation, periodontal and prosthetic treatment. However, they do not fully take into account the features of examination, treatment and rehabilitation of patients suffering from periodontal diseases for a long time, but denying the presence of somatic diseases.The purpose of the study. To evaluate the effectiveness of a complex of post-prosthetic rehabilitation measures using PRP therapy in patients with periodontal diseases and disorders of carbohydrate metabolism.Material and methods. In the period from 2016 to 2021, 441 patients aged 35-55 years who applied to a dental clinic were examined. All patients suffered from chronic generalized periodontitis (CGP), but denied the presence of somatic pathology. As a result of an additional examination in somatic medical organizations (CFOs), 205 patients suffering from CGP were found to have cardiometabolic disorders (impaired glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension). Prosthetic treatment was performed in 195 patients who were stratified into two groups. Group 1 (120 people) included patients who underwent correction of identified metabolic disorders, group 2 (75 people) – persons who refused further observation by a clinician. By randomization, subgroups were formed in each group: patients of subgroups 1a and 2a received standard post-prosthetic rehabilitation (professional oral hygiene, periodontal treatment), patients of subgroups 1b and 2b additionally underwent local immunocorrection with platelet-enriched autoplasm – PRP (Platelet-rich plasma) therapy. The article presents the results of post-prosthetic rehabilitation of patients with CGP according to clinical (PMA, PI, BOP, OHI-S indices) and immunological (IL-10, IL-8, IL-1ß, TNF-α, sIg A, LDH in oral fluid) indicators obtained after oral sanitation, rehabilitation course, after 3 and 6 months of follow-up.Conclusions. The team approach of dentists and clinicians and the use of periodontal PRP therapy can improve the effectiveness of post-prosthetic rehabilitation measures in periodontal patients with identified comorbid somatic pathology.
The use of an adhesive balm with magnetic polymers, hexethydine, cytylpyridinium chloride and hyaluronic acid in the treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases
Authors: Lyubomirskiy G. B.
Published: April 2022

The article presents the results of a study of an adhesive balm with magnetic polymers, hexethidine, cytylpyridinium chloride and hyaluronic acid in the treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases. Revealed and scientifically proven its effectiveness in acute and subacute periods of the course of gingivitis and periodontitis. The study involved 40 patients aged 20 to 60 years, in whom the anti-inflammatory and hemostatic effect of the adhesive balm on the inflamed periodontal soft tissues was studied. During the monitoring of index indicators, it was revealed that the PMA index decreased from 50,72 to 16,31 by the end of the study. After 14 days, the hemostatic efficiency was 56,25%. Local allergic reactions and irritation were not observed during the study. It has been proven that an adhesive paste with magnetic polymers, hexethydine, cytylpyridinium chloride and hyaluronic acid has a bactericidal effect on the microflora of the oral cavity.
IMPLIKASI MODERNISASI TERHADAP PERMAINAN TRADISIONAL PADA ANAK-ANAK DAN REMAJA (STUDI DI DESA GUALI KECAMATAN KUSAMBI KABUPATEN MUNA BARAT)
Authors: Jaya Rahmat , Baka Wa Kuasa , Aso La
Published: April 2022

Abstract: The objective of this study is to describe the implications of modernization on traditional games for children and adolescents in Guali Village, Kusambi District, West Muna Regency. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach. Subjects in this study were determined by purposive snowball that is the samples were obtained through a rolling process from one respondent to another and were usually used to explain the social or communication (sociometric) patterns of a particular community. Data collection techniques in this study were carried out by observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the implications of modernization on traditional games for children and adolescents in Guali Village, Kusambi District, West Muna Regency are as follows: (a) economic implications, (b) health implications, (c), social implications, and (d) implications of the loss of creative ideas.Keywords: Implication, moderenization, traditional games, children and adolescents
STRATEGI ELIT DAN PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PENYELENGGARAAN PILKADA MUNA TAHUN 2020
Authors: Sarniati Sarniati , Dirman La Ode , Bahtiar Bahtiar
Published: April 2022

Abstract: The purpose of this research is to identify, analyze and understand the Elite strategies, community participation and the implications of elite strategies and community participation on the results of the Regional Election. The theory used in this research is the theory of social practice by Pierre Bourdieu, methodologically this research is a qualitative research by collecting the data using observation and in-depth interviews technique. The results of this study indicate that the TERBAIK candidate pair fully empowers political elites and party elites in socializing to become campaign teams, empowers volunteer teams and approaches religious elites and civil elites. The pair of candidates for TERBAIK has also built good communication so that they have the full support of two former Muna Regents who still have a strong mass among the Muna community, namely the former Muna Regent for the 2000-2010 period and the former Muna Regent for the 2010-2015 period and other bureaucratic elites in Muna Regency. While the RAPI candidate pair did not empower the political elite and their supporting/supporting parties in socializing, the RAPI candidate pair maximized the teams and volunteers that were formed long before the Regional Election stage began and approached the religious elite and the civil elite. Several traditional and religious leaders were involved in practical politics so that there was disharmony between communities after the determination of the winner. The increasing political participation in the Regional Election is because apart from the vigur of the two pairs of candidates, alsi because of material rewards. In winning a candidate pair, the communication that is built is unconsciously influenced by history and the agreement of the Ancestors, affected by the district (ghoera) and social stratification (kaomu and walaka). Keywords: Community Participation, Elite Strategy, Implications, Regional Election Results
ANALISIS POTENSI DAYA TARIK WISATA BENTENG TIWORO DI KECAMATAN TIWORO KEPULAUAN KABUPATEN MUNA BARAT
Authors: Hikma Dani Syamsuddin Wa Ode , Niampe La , Syahrun Syahrun
Published: April 2022

This study aims to determine the potential of Tiworo Fort in Tiworo Islands District, West Muna Regency, analyze its potential in the 4A formulation and analyze the government's efforts in developing the Tiworo Fort site. The theory used to read the data is Tourism Destination Development. The method used is descriptive qualitative method, through observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the research on the analysis of the potential tourist attraction of Tiworo Fort consist of 1) Sangia Barakati Mosque, 2) King's Tombs, and 3) King's Inauguration Stone. While the results of the analysis in the 4A formulation obtained 1) Attraction, namely the Sangia Barakati Mosque, the King's Tombs, and the King's Inauguration Stone. 2) Amenity (facilities), namely lodging business, and supporting infrastructure that can provide services and comfort for tourists covering the fields of Health, Electricity, and Communication Networks. 3) Accessibility (accessibility), including access to land, sea and air routes equipped with road signs, 4) Supporting Services (additional services), namely the presence of the West Muna Regency Tourism Office. Furthermore, related to the government's efforts, it can be seen with the construction of the gate and the plan to restore the mosque to a sleeping formKeywords: Tourist Attraction, Historical Tourism, Fort, Tiworo
PERUBAHAN POLA PIKIR ORANG BAJO TERHADAP MINAT MENGIKUTI PENDIDIKAN TINGGI DI DESA BONTU-BONTU KECAMATAN TOWEA KABUPATEN MUNA
Authors: Ilham Yasan Teguh , Taena La , Ali Basri La Ode
Published: April 2022

The objectives of this study is to identify and analyze the change in the mindset of the Bajo people towards their interest in higher education in the village of Bontu-Bontu. The method used in this study is a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The instrument of this research is the researcher himself as the key instrument and the interview guide as a supporting instrument. Data collection techniques in this study are, Observation, Interview and Documentation. The results showed that there was a change in the mindset of the Bajo people towards their interest in attending higher education in Bontu-Bontu Village. Data show that the Bajo people in the village of Bontu-Bontu in the early 2000s did not attend higher education. At this time education is not considered important. The Bajo people in Bontu-Bontu Village are seen from their way of thinking and their attitude towards higher education is very apathetic and indifferent. Then now there has been a change in the Bajo people in the village of Bontu-Bontu, they have started to use higher education as a means to improve the quality of human resources and change a much better future in order to compete with outsiders. To date, there have been 13 Bajo people in Bontu-Bontu Village who have completed higher education. Data for 2018-2021 shows that there are 13 people who are currently attending higher education.Keywords: Mindset Changging, Intereset In Higher Educaton, Bajo People.
PERAN PEMERINTAH DESA DALAM PENGEMBANGAN DESA WISATA DI DESA MASALILI KECAMATAN KONTUNAGA KABUPATEN MUNA
Authors: Julada Wa Ode , Sifatu Wa Ode , Alim Abdul
Published: April 2022

This study aims to describe and analyze the role of government and society in the development of tourist villages in Masalili Village, Kontunaga District, Muna Regency. The theory used to read the data is the theory of Economic, Social and Cultural Capital (The Forms of Capital) Pierre Bourdieu (1986). The method used is a qualitative descriptive method, which is obtained through observation, interviews and documentation on matters relating to the role of government and society in the development of tourist villages in Masalili Village. The results of the research on the role of the government in the development of the Masalili tourist village in terms of economic capital are seen in the use of village funds as the main capital in the development of the Masalili peak tourist attraction. In addition, in terms of social capital, it can be seen from the cooperative relationship between the village government and the district government as well as investors such as Bank Indonesia, by providing assistance in the form of facilities and infrastructure for the development of the Masalili tourist village in the future. Meanwhile, in terms of cultural capital, the village government participates in expressing creative ideas for the development of the Masalili tourist village through the availability of spots that can increase the attractiveness of tourists to visit the tourist village. Furthermore, an analysis of the community's role in the development of the Masalili tourism village can be seen from the cultural capital and social capital which includes cooperation between communities in terms of preserving the Muna weaving which is the icon of the tourist village. Meanwhile, in terms of cultural capital provided by the community in the form of creating unique design motifs in each weaving produced and also creating new creations in the form of accessories that can be used as souvenirs for tourists. The conclusion is that the role of the government and the community is very influential in the development of the Masalili tourism village. This can be seen by the combination of capital owned by the government and the community to support the sustainable development of the Masalili tourism village.Keywords: Tourism Village, Capital, Masalili Village.
The Contingent Value of Connections
Authors: Strickland James
Published: April 2022

Former legislators who lobby, also known as revolving-door lobbyists, exacerbate the effects of resource differences on the relative political influence of various interest groups. These lobbyists command higher fees and represent more clients, and achieve desired policy outcomes more often, than other lobbyists. The value of revolving-door lobbyists, however, is contingent on the continued presence of former colleagues in legislatures. Former legislators achieve influence because of their insider connections and knowledge. Legislative turnover is a consistent, negative predictor of clientele premiums, or how many additional clients revolving-door lobbyists represent than other lobbyists, on average. Other variables display weak or inconsistent effects. This study is the first to examine the value of revolving-door lobbyists in the American states, and corroborates the results of other, recently published studies of revolving-door lobbying. The findings imply that reforms that induce turnover help to level the playing fields of political advocacy for diverse organized interests.
Coagulation Profile in COVID-19 Patients and its Relation to Disease Severity and Overall Survival: A Single-Center Study
Authors: Abd El-Lateef Amal Ezzat , Alghamdi Saad , Ebid Gamal , Khalil Khalid , Kabrah Saeed , Abdel Ghafar Muhammad Tarek
Published: April 2022

Objectives: This study aims to investigate hemostatic changes in patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and their relationship to disease severity and survival.

Methods: This study included 284 patients with COVID-19 who attended the Security Forces Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia between October 2020 and March 2021, and retrospectively reviewed their demographic, radiological, and laboratory findings. The coagulation profile was assayed at the time of diagnosis for platelet counts using an automated hematology analyzer; Sysmex XN2000 while international normalized ratio (INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), fibrinogen, D-dimer, factor VIII, ristocetin cofactor (RiCoF), and von Willebrand factor antigen (VWF-Ag) were measured by Stago kits on a Stago automated coagulation analyzer (STA Compact Max®).

Results: In this study, 32.3% of the cases had severe disease, while 8.8% of the cases died. D-dimer, factor VIII, and RiCoF were the only independent predictors of disease severity, with factor VIII and RiCoF having significantly higher areas under the curve (AUCs) than D-dimer (all p < 0.001). Furthermore, age, aPTT, and factor VIII were associated with an increased risk of mortality in multivariate Cox regression analysis, with factor VIII having a higher AUC of 0.98 than aPTT with an optimal cut-off value of >314 IU/dl in predicting mortality. Cases with factor VIII levels >314 IU/dl, compared to those with factor VIII levels <314 IU/dl, were associated with a significantly shorter mean overall survival time (20.08 vs. 31.35 days, p < 0.001), a lower survival rate (30.3% vs. 99.2%, p < 0.001), and a 16.62-fold increased mortality risk.

Conclusion: RiCoF is a novel predictor of disease severity in COVID-19, while factor VIII is confirmed as a predictor of severity and mortality in COVID-19 patients and is associated with lower overall survival and increased mortality risk.
Contribution of Afferent Feedback to Adaptive Hindlimb Walking in Cats: A Neuromusculoskeletal Modeling Study
Authors: Kim Yongi , Aoi Shinya , Fujiki Soichiro , Danner Simon M. , Markin Sergey N. , Ausborn Jessica , Rybak Ilya A. , Yanagihara Dai , Senda Kei , Tsuchiya Kazuo
Published: April 2022

Mammalian locomotion is generated by central pattern generators (CPGs) in the spinal cord, which produce alternating flexor and extensor activities controlling the locomotor movements of each limb. Afferent feedback signals from the limbs are integrated by the CPGs to provide adaptive control of locomotion. Responses of CPG-generated neural activity to afferent feedback stimulation have been previously studied during fictive locomotion in immobilized cats. Yet, locomotion in awake, behaving animals involves dynamic interactions between central neuronal circuits, afferent feedback, musculoskeletal system, and environment. To study these complex interactions, we developed a model simulating interactions between a half-center CPG and the musculoskeletal system of a cat hindlimb. Then, we analyzed the role of afferent feedback in the locomotor adaptation from a dynamic viewpoint using the methods of dynamical systems theory and nullcline analysis. Our model reproduced limb movements during regular cat walking as well as adaptive changes of these movements when the foot steps into a hole. The model generates important insights into the mechanism for adaptive locomotion resulting from dynamic interactions between the CPG-based neural circuits, the musculoskeletal system, and the environment.
The Mismatch Between Bony Endplates and Grafted Bone Increases Screw Loosening Risk for OLIF Patients With ALSR Fixation Biomechanically
Authors: Li Jing-Chi , Xie Tian-Hang , Zhang Zhuang , Song Zhe-Tao , Song Yue-Ming , Zeng Jian-Cheng
Published: April 2022

The mismatch between bony endplates (BEPs) and grafted bone (GB) triggers several complications biomechanically. However, no published study has identified whether this factor increases the risk of screw loosening by deteriorating the local stress levels. This study aimed to illustrate the biomechanical effects of the mismatch between BEP and GB and the related risk of screw loosening. In this study, radiographic and demographic data of 56 patients treated by single segment oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) with anterior lateral single rod (ALSR) fixation were collected retrospectively, and the match sufficiency between BEP and GB was measured and presented as the grafted bony occupancy rate (GBOR). Data in patients with and without screw loosening were compared; regression analyses identified independent risk factors. OLIF with different GBORs was simulated in a previously constructed and validated lumbosacral model, and biomechanical indicators related to screw loosening were computed in surgical models. The radiographic review and numerical simulations showed that the coronal plane’s GBOR was significantly lower in screw loosening patients both in the cranial and caudal vertebral bodies; the decrease in the coronal plane’s GBOR has been proven to be an independent risk factor for screw loosening. In addition, numerical mechanical simulations showed that the poor match between BEP and GB will lead to stress concentration on both screws and bone-screw interfaces. Therefore, we can conclude that the mismatch between the BEP and GB will increase the risk of screw loosening by deteriorating local stress levels, and the increase in the GBOR by modifying the OLIF cage’s design may be an effective method to optimize the patient’s prognosis.
Digital Spatial Profiling Reveals Functional Shift of Enterochromaffin Cell in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Lyu Dongping , Kou Guanjun , Li Shiyang , Li Lixiang , Li Bing , Zhou Ruchen , Yang Xiaoxiao , Tian Wenyu , Li Yanqing , Zuo Xiuli
Published: April 2022

As a major component of the enteroendocrine system, enterochromaffin (EC) cells play a key role in ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the scarcity of EC cells has limited the investigation of their function. In this study, we applied digital spatial profiling to acquire transcriptomic data for EC cells and other epithelial cells from colonoscopic biopsy samples from eight patients with UC and seven healthy controls. Differential expression analysis, gene set enrichment analysis, and weighted gene coexpression network analysis were performed to identify differentially expressed genes and pathways and coexpression networks. Results were validated using an online dataset obtained by single-cell RNA sequencing, along with immunofluorescence staining and quantitative real-time PCR. In healthy participants, 10 genes were significantly enriched in EC cells, functionally concentrated in protein and bioamine synthesis. A coexpression network containing 17 hub genes, including TPH1, CHGA, and GCLC, was identified in EC cells. In patients with UC, EC cells gained increased capacity for protein synthesis, along with novel immunological functions such as antigen processing and presentation, whereas chemical sensation was downregulated. The specific expression of CHGB and RGS2 in EC cells was confirmed by immunofluorescence staining. Our results illuminate the transcriptional signatures of EC cells in the human colon. EC cells’ newly observed functional shift from sensation to secretion and immunity indicates their pivotal role in UC.
Diagnostic Value of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing in Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in Non-HIV Immunosuppressed Patients
Authors: Sun He , Wang Feilong , Zhang Ming , Xu Xiaoyong , Li Miaomiao , Gao Wei , Wu Xiaodong , Han Huize , Wang Qin , Yao Gehong , Lou Zheng , Xia Han , Shi Yi , Li Qiang
Published: April 2022

Introduction

This study aims to assess the value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in the diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) and its mixed infection in non-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) immunosuppressed patients.

Methods

A total of 198 non-HIV immunosuppressed patients with severe pneumonia were enrolled, including 77 PJP patients and 121 patients infected by other pathogens. BALF-mNGS and traditional detection methods were used.

Results

The positive detection rate of various pathogens of BALF-mNGS was higher than that of the conventional methods, especially for mixed pathogens. The sensitivity and specificity of BALF-mNGS for the diagnosis of PJP were 97.40% and 85.12%, respectively. Compared with traditional methods, the sensitivity of BALF-mNGS was significantly higher than that of blood fungal G (BG)/lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and BALF-microscopy (p<0.05), and its specificity was significantly higher than that of BG/LDH (p<0.05). In addition, the average detection time of BALF-mNGS (32.76 ± 10.32 h) was also significantly shorter than conventional methods (p<0.01), especially for mixed infections that were common in non-HIV immunosuppressed patients. In patients only detected as positive by BALF-mNGS, the underlying diseases mainly manifested as hematological malignancies with agranulocytosis and within 8 months after hematopoietic stem cell or solid organ transplantation.

Conclusions

BALF-mNGS technology is faster, more sensitive, and more comprehensive in detecting P. jirovecii and its mixed infection in immunosuppressed patients.
Cardiac Lymphoma Diagnosed by Multi-Modality Imaging: A Case Report
Authors: Yang Dayan , Wu Tangna , Gao Lini , Liu Lili , Liu Fujin , Jing Xiangxiang
Published: April 2022

A 79-year-old female patient who presented with a cardiac mass detected by conventional echocardiography was ultimately diagnosed with a malignant tumor by myocardial contrast echocardiography. A positron emission tomography/computed tomography examination showed tumors in the right atrium consistent with the findings of the contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Finally, the patient was confirmed by pathology to have cardiac lymphoma. Because no lesions were found elsewhere in the body, primary cardiac lymphoma was diagnosed by combining multi-modal imaging examination and pathological examination. Although conventional echocardiography may identify a cardiac mass, it is difficult to identify whether they are malignant or not. Myocardial contrast echocardiography helps to identify the location, shape, and size of the mass, its relationship with the surrounding tissue, and evaluate its blood supply. Thus, this imaging modality is of great value for identifying the likely etiology of a cardiac mass. Multi-modal imaging is complementary to echocardiography for determining the location of cardiac masses, invasion of surround structures, extra cardiac spread, and determination of whether a mass is likely benign or malignant. Multi-modality imaging provides an important basis for clinical treatment and decision-making.
Scaling Graph Propagation Kernels for Predictive Learning
Authors: Vijayan Priyesh , Chandak Yash , Khapra Mitesh M. , Parthasarathy Srinivasan , Ravindran Balaraman
Published: April 2022

Many real-world applications deal with data that have an underlying graph structure associated with it. To perform downstream analysis on such data, it is crucial to capture relational information of nodes over their expanded neighborhood efficiently. Herein, we focus on the problem of Collective Classification (CC) for assigning labels to unlabeled nodes. Most deep learning models for CC heavily rely on differentiable variants of Weisfeiler-Lehman (WL) kernels. However, due to current computing architectures' limitations, WL kernels and their differentiable variants are limited in their ability to capture useful relational information only over a small expanded neighborhood of a node. To address this concern, we propose the framework, I-HOP, that couples differentiable kernels with an iterative inference mechanism to scale to larger neighborhoods. I-HOP scales differentiable graph kernels to capture and summarize information from a larger neighborhood in each iteration by leveraging a historical neighborhood summary obtained in the previous iteration. This recursive nature of I-HOP provides an exponential reduction in time and space complexity over straightforward differentiable graph kernels. Additionally, we point out a limitation of WL kernels where the node's original information is decayed exponentially with an increase in neighborhood size and provide a solution to address it. Finally, extensive evaluation across 11 datasets showcases the improved results and robustness of our proposed iterative framework, I-HOP.
Experimental Study on Coal Permeability and Damage Evolution Under the Seepage-Stress Coupling
Authors: Lin Fujin , Huang Guangli , Jiang Deyi , He Yi , Fan Jinyang
Published: April 2022

In order to study the damage evolution law of coal under the seepage-stress coupling, this paper adopted the rock servo triaxial test system to conduct permeability test for full stress-strain process on 10 sets of coal specimens using steady-state method under different confining pressure and osmotic pressure. The results show that coal permeability has a small fluctuation before the stress peak, and the permeability increases substantially after the peak. The relationship between the plastic damage variable of coal and the equivalent plastic strain is proposed. The research will provide a theoretical basis for hydraulic fracturing gas drainage reservoir.
Characteristics, Main Controlling Factors and Prediction of Complex Fracture–Cavity Reservoirs of Buried Carbonate Hills in the Weixinan Depression, Western South China Sea
Authors: Zhang Chong , Zhou Wen , Liu Chang , Wang Xinguang , Xu Hao
Published: April 2022

Buried hill oil reservoirs have become a key area for offshore oil and gas exploration. In this paper, a typical oil field in the western South China Sea is used as the research object, and a study on the characterization, cause of formation and prediction of the fracture–cavity reservoir distribution is carried out. The reservoir in the study area is a complex fracture–cavity reservoir that developed due to weathering and leaching, tectonic movement and dissolution reconstruction on the limestone skeleton. The reservoir spaces are composed of karst caves, fractures and pores. The main controlling factors include lithological changes, karst landforms, tectonic deformation and faulting. To address the controlling mechanisms of the lithological changes on the formation of fracture–cavity reservoirs, a new parameter, the lithology standard deviation, to evaluate lithological changes is proposed based on the characteristics of the lithological changes, and the distribution of these lithological changes is portrayed in combination with the seismic attributes. The tectonic deformation principal curvature inversion algorithm is used to simulate the distribution of the tectonic principal curvature at the top of the Carboniferous. The larger the tectonic principal curvature is, the stronger the deformation of the rock formation and the more favorable the conditions are for fracture formation. The karst geomorphology controls the overall reservoir distribution, and the karst highlands and karst slope areas are the zones with the most–developed secondary pore space (or fractures and karst caves). The faulting control area is the fracture and dissolution pore development area, major faults control the distribution of the karst cave reservoirs, and secondary faults influence the formation of fractures in the faulted area. The study predicts and evaluates the distribution of fracture–cavity reservoirs from the perspective of fracture–cavity genesis quantification, and by gridding and normalizing the four major genesis quantification evaluation parameters and fusing the geological factors that control the formation of fractures and karst caves by using Back–Propagation neural network deep learning algorithms, a method for predicting the distribution of fracture–cavity reservoirs constrained by geological genesis analysis is developed.
Sedimentary Environment and Enrichment of Organic Matter During the Deposition of Qiongzhusi Formation in the Upslope Areas—A Case Study of W207 Well in the Weiyuan Area, Sichuan Basin, China
Authors: Zhao Lei , Liu Shugen , Li Guoqin , Zhang Menglin , Liang Xiao , Li Junxiang , Xu Jianliang
Published: April 2022

For a more in-depth analysis on the marine chemical condition during the earliest Cambrian, mechanism of organic matter enrichment and exploration potential of shale gas resources, based on the petrology, organic geochemistry, and elemental characteristics of the W207 Well, this study discuss the Early Cambrian paleo-ocean environment and factors controlling of organic matter enrichment during the deposition of black strata Qiongzhusi Formation in the upslope areas, southwestern Sichuan Basin, Yangtze Block, China. The sedimentary cycles show that during the depositon of fine-grained Qiongzhusi Fm, interactive cycles of multiple deep-water and shallow-water shelf developed, and were controlled by the rise and fall in sea level. In particular, the slope turbidite (fan) and gravity flow sediments indicate that the shallow-water shelf facies were dominant in the upslope area (SW Sichuan Basin), where not in deep water for a long time, and the sedimentary thickness of the organic rich black shale was limited. Evidence from organic geochemistry indicates that the organic matter of the Qiongzhusi Fm from the W207 Well was mainly of type I kerogen, with a high degree of thermal evolution, little residual hydrocarbon, and low capacity for hydrocarbon generation. The redox parameters indicate that the marine environment on the upslope was medium restrictive, with some upwelling. The seawater had undergone a transformation according to anoxic–oxidic. Therefore, paleo-ocean productivity in the upslope area was generally low, and exhibited a prominent downward trend from bottom to top. Given its high risk of exploration, the authors suggest that the direction of shale gas resource evaluation should change to the intracratonic sag (downslope) area, which is characterized by deep-water shelf facies.
Application of the Reflectionless Discrete Perfectly Matched Layer for Acoustic Wave Simulation
Authors: Gao Yingjie , Zhu Meng-Hua
Published: April 2022

The perfectly matched layer (PML) is one of the most popular absorbing boundary conditions for simulating seismic waves. In theory, the PML can absorb incident waves at any incident angle and any frequency in a medium. However, numerical reflections will be generated after the PML has been discretized. Therefore, how to reduce the reflections of discrete PML has been a research topic for more than 2 decades. In this paper, we adopt the reflectionless discrete PML (RD-PML) for seismic wave and implement the RD-PML based on the acoustic wave equation, and then compare its absorbing performance with that of the conventional discrete PML. Our numerical experiments show that the RD-PML has advantages over the conventional discrete PML. In homogeneous model, a thick enough RD-PML can effectively eliminate reflections. In heterogeneous model, a thin-layer RD-PML can obtain better absorbing performance even than the thick-layer conventional discrete PML. The absorbing performance of the RD-PML can be improved by using the periodic boundary without increasing the amount of computation and memory. RD-PML provides a new perspective to understand the discretization of PML, and may play an important role in promoting the development of PML technology.
Numerical Investigations on Temperature Distribution and Evolution of Cavitation Bubble Collapsed Near Solid Wall
Authors: Shan Minglei , Yang Yu , Kan Xuefen , Shu Fangyong , Han Qingbang
Published: April 2022

The internal temperature distribution and evolution in cavitation bubble can be investigated numerically by a thermal lattice Boltzmann method. The simulation results are consistent with the calculational results of the Rayleigh-Plesset equation and the temperature equation when the cavitation bubble collapses in an infinite liquid medium and satisfy Laplace’s law. In this work, a cavitation bubble collapsing near a solid wall is explored to investigate the characteristics and effects of the bubble temperature. The progress of the bubble temperature can be clearly captured from a two-dimensional temperature field. The results show that the bubble temperature can reach extremely high values during both its first and its second collapse. The change of the bubble temperature is highly related to the jet velocity and the liquid pressure. Furthermore, the effects on the bubble temperature of the offset parameters, the initial driving pressure and the initial bubble radius are also studied. The present findings are meaningful for the research of thermodynamics of cavitation.
The Importance of Modeling Carbon Dioxide Transportation and Geologic Storage in Energy System Planning Tools
Authors: Ogland-Hand Jonathan D. , Cohen Stuart M. , Kammer Ryan M. , Ellett Kevin M. , Saar Martin O. , Bennett Jeffrey A. , Middleton Richard S.
Published: April 2022

Energy system planning tools suggest that the cost and feasibility of climate-stabilizing energy transitions are sensitive to the cost of CO2 capture and storage processes (CCS), but the representation of CO2 transportation and geologic storage in these tools is often simple or non-existent. We develop the capability of producing dynamic-reservoir-simulation-based geologic CO2 storage supply curves with the Sequestration of CO2 Tool (SCO2T) and use it with the ReEDS electric sector planning model to investigate the effects of CO2 transportation and geologic storage representation on energy system planning tool results. We use a locational case study of the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) region. Our results suggest that the cost of geologic CO2 storage may be as low as $3/tCO2 and that site-level assumptions may affect this cost by several dollars per tonne. At the grid level, the cost of geologic CO2 storage has generally smaller effects compared to other assumptions (e.g., natural gas price), but small variations in this cost can change results (e.g., capacity deployment decisions) when policy renders CCS marginally competitive. The cost of CO2 transportation generally affects the location of geologic CO2 storage investment more than the quantity of CO2 captured or the location of electricity generation investment. We conclude with a few recommendations for future energy system researchers when modeling CCS. For example, assuming a cost for geologic CO2 storage (e.g., $5/tCO2) may be less consequential compared to assuming free storage by excluding it from the model.
Recent Advances on Mg–Li–Al Systems for Solid-State Hydrogen Storage: A Review
Authors: Sazelee Noratiqah , Ali Nurul Amirah , Yahya Muhammad Syarifuddin , Mustafa Nurul Shafikah , Halim Yap Firdaus Abdul , Mohamed Saiful Bahri , Ghazali Muhammad Zahruddin , Suwarno Suwarno , Ismail Mohammad
Published: April 2022

The problem of providing compact and safe storage solutions for hydrogen in solid-state materials is demanding and challenging. The storage solutions for hydrogen required high-capacity storage technologies, which preferably operate at low pressures and have good performances in the kinetics of absorption/desorption. Metal hydrides such as magnesium hydride (MgH2) are promising candidates for such storage solutions, but several drawbacks including high onset desorption temperature (>400°C) and slow sorption kinetics need to be overcome. In this study, we reviewed the recent developments in the hydrogen storage performance development of MgH2 and found that the destabilization concept has been extensively explored. Lithium alanate or LiAlH4 has been used as a destabilizing agent in MgH2–LiAlH4 (Mg–Li–Al) due to its high capacity of hydrogen, which is 10.5 wt.%, and low onset desorption temperature (∼150°C). In this article, a review of the recent advances in the Mg–Li–Al system for the solid-state hydrogen storage material is studied. We discussed the effect of the ratio of MgH2 and LiAlH4, milling time, and additives in the Mg–Li–Al system. After the destabilization concept was introduced, the onset of the desorption temperature and activation energy of MgH2 were reduced, and the sorption properties improved. Further study showed that the intermetallic alloys of Li0.92Mg4.08 and Mg17Al12 that were formed in situ during the dehydrogenation process provide synergetic thermodynamic and kinetic destabilization in the Mg-Li-Al composite system.

De/rehydrogenation measurements indicate that the intermetallic alloys of Li0.92Mg4.08 and Mg17Al12 were fully reversibly absorbed and desorbed hydrogen. Next, the remaining challenges and a possible development strategy of the Mg–Li–Al system are analyzed. This review is the first systematic study that focuses on the recent advances in the Mg–Li–Al system for storage solutions for hydrogen in solid-state materials.
Ecological Efficiency of Grass-Based Livestock Husbandry Under the Background of Rural Revitalization: An Empirical Study of Agro-Pastoral Ecotone
Authors: He Dawei , Deng Xiangzheng , Jin Gui , Wang Xinsheng , Zhang Yali , Sun Zhigang , Shi Wenjiao , Zhao Zhe
Published: April 2022

As the starting point of addressing the issue of “agriculture, rural areas, and farmers” for a new era, a rural revitalization strategy is necessary and suits the realistic demand for high-quality development. At present, agro-pastoral ecotone in China is facing a series of ecological degradation and environmental pollution problems. The measurement and analysis of ecological efficiency play an important role in promoting the sustainable development of the agro-pastoral ecotone. Based on the theoretical discussion and empirical calculation, this study took Tongliao as a case area to explore the ecological efficiency issue. Firstly, the ecological efficiency of grass-based livestock husbandry in Tongliao from 2000 to 2019 was calculated by the DEA method, then the dynamic change of efficiency was dissected by the Malmquist index, and finally, multiple factors affecting the ecological efficiency of grass-based livestock husbandry were evaluated by Tobit model. The results showed that the ecological efficiency of grass-based livestock husbandry in the counties of Tongliao showed a growing trend from 2000 to 2019, and the average ecological efficiency increased from 0.88 to 1.17. The total factor ecological efficiency of the counties in Tongliao had increased year by year from 2000 to 2019, and it mainly depended on technological progress. The implementation of the national ecological protection policy and the increase of the output value and number of persons employed in grass-based livestock husbandry has significantly improved the ecological efficiency. However, the increase in the number of livestock, especially in the case of exceeding the carrying capacity of the grassland, was not conducive to the protection of grassland ecology. The key to realizing the revitalization of grass-based livestock husbandry in the future is to promote the coordinated development of economy and ecology through the improvement of management level and large-scale and standardized livestock breeding.
Rewilding the Sea? A Rapid, Low Cost Model for Valuing the Ecosystem Service Benefits of Kelp Forest Recovery Based on Existing Valuations and Benefit Transfers
Authors: Williams Chris , Rees Sian , Sheehan Emma V. , Ashley Matthew , Davies William
Published: April 2022

Kelp forests and seagrasses are important carbon sinks that are declining globally. Rewilding the sea, through restoring these crucial habitats, their related biodiversity and ecosystem contributions, is a movement and concept, gathering pace in the United Kingdom and globally. Yet understanding of the economic costs and benefits for setting areas of the sea aside—and removing some human impacts from them—is not well understood. The potential benefits and distributional impacts on marine users and wider society is critical to make evidence based decisions. Ensuring that areas of the sea recover, and that the impacts (both positive and negative) are understood, requires targeted research to help guide decisions to optimize the opportunity of recovery, while minimizing any negative impacts on sea users and coastal communities. We approach the problem from an ecosystem services perspective, looking at the opportunity of restoring a kelp bed in Sussex by removing fishing activity from areas historically covered in kelp. Development of an ecosystem services valuation model showed restoring kelp to its highest mapped past extent (96% greater, recorded in 1987) would deliver a range of benefits valued at over £ 3.5 million GBP. The application of an ecosystem services approach enabled the full range of benefits from habitat restoration to be assessed. The results and the gaps identified in site specific data and values for this area, have broader implications in fisheries management and natural resource management tools for restoring marine habitats and ecosystems in the United Kingdom.