bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The objectification of adulthood of persons with deeper and deep intellectual disability
Authors: Prysak Dorota
Published: April 2020

Dorota Prysak, The objectification of adulthood of persons with deeper and deep intellectual disability. Interdisciplinary Contexts of Special Pedagogy, no. 26, Poznań 2019. Pp. 237–254. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. e-ISSN 2658-283X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2019.26.11

The adulthood of persons with deeper and deep disability continues to be a challenge not only for specialists and parents or caretakers of the indicated group of persons, but also for us as a society. The objective of the article is the presentation of effects of activities experienced by adults with deeper and deep intellectual disability while inhabitants of a social nursing home. One of the main effects of the mentioned activity is objectification. In the discussed case, the objectification is the effect of lack of trust or limited trust in their potential, which can become a factor of manipulation. The research material used in the present study constitutes personal experiences gained while working with persons with deeper and deep intellectual disability, their caretakers, parents and other specialists working with them, acquired through participation in diverse activities/ projects aimed at them. Free, narrative discussions as well as focused discussions were conducted with representatives of the indicated groups (save for persons with deep, and in certain cases, significant intellectual disability). The analysis of the research material was conducted according to the action research methodology.
Doing and undoing gender by women with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Zierkiewicz Edyta , Cytowska Beata
Published: April 2020

Edyta Zierkiewicz, Beata Cytowska, Doing and undoing gender by women with intellectual disabilities. Interdisciplinary Contexts of Special Pedagogy, no. 26, Poznań 2019. Pp. 271–293. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. e-ISSN 2658-283X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2019.26.13

The aim of this article is to present socio-cultural processes of doing gender categories in women with intellectual disabilities and to identify barriers and limitations which they face on the way of „becoming women”. The study and its analysis are based on the critical approach. The method of data collection was a participant observation conducted during three proprietary workshops on femininity organized for 17 women with moderate to severe intellectual disabilities (5–6 people in a group), attending an occupational therapy workshop. The aim of our workshops was the empowerment of one’s own femininity and strengthening of processes of doing gender by the participants. The analysis of collected material revealed that the process of shaping gender identities of women with intellectual disability is a subject of social control of the local community. Participants of the workshops are well aware that they are adult women and they strive for the realization of cultural patterns of femininity. In their case, however, these patterns are socially regulated and the women themselves internalize certain limitations imposed by the society during the socialization process. They instinctively “know” what they are allowed to do, and what they cannot gain as women with intellectual disabilities.
Children and adolescents with a chronic condition in the public school space – in search of an effective model of psychopedagogical support
Authors: Krauze-Sikorska Hanna
Published: April 2020

Hanna Krauze-Sikorska, Children and adolescents with a chronic condition in the public school space – in search of an effective model of psy-chopedagogical support. Interdisciplinary Contexts of Special Pedagogy, no. 26, Poznań 2019. Pp. 205–318. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. e-ISSN 2658-283X. DOI:https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2019.26.14Chronic condition may, in time, become a specific kind of „stigma” that determines the formation of a specific “conveyor belt” which determines the trajectories of the fate of children and adolescents. Analysing the functioning of children and adolescents with a chronic condition, for which the school should provide (as for other students) the conditions of learning, both in the cognitive and in the directional aspects, one may indicate not only the imperfections of educational activities, but also a myth of noble ideas inscribed in the function of school, as a place of universal development of every student. The article is a proposal of employing, within the process of educating children and adolescents with a chronic condition, an eclectic model of activities, based on their complexity and sequentiality. The model refers to models proposed by Frederick C. Thorne, or Richard James, used in situations of crisis intervention: the equilibrium model, the cognitive model, and the social change model.
The Significance of Qualitative Research – Arts-based Research in Special Needs Education and Music Therapy
Authors: Knapik-Szweda Sara
Published: April 2020

One of the functions of art is understanding an individual and his or her potential. Art provides an individual with proper conditions and gives new opportunities to function regardless of one’s age and disability. The purpose of this article is to get the reader acquainted with the significance of qualitative research especially in the context of arts-based research in special needs education and music therapy. In theoretical part, the authoress will attempt to answer the question of what benefits this research method brings and why it is useful. What is to be described at the beginning quite extensively is the situation of research in special education and music therapy as a scientific discipline. This presentation will smoothly lead the reader to the essence of article, i.e. the arts-based research method. The definitions of arts-based research will be presented together with differences resulting from defining the notions connected with art. Examples will also be provided of research based on art resulting from the combination of two disciplines such as special needs education and music therapy. Moreover, the authoress will demonstrate her own research based on art with the application of music which emphasizes the significance of changes that occur within the music therapy process. Finally, the arguments which emphasize the significance of artsbased research will be mentioned.
On the phenomenon of scientific work of Zbyszko Melosik
Authors: Śliwerski Bogusław
Published: April 2020

Bogusław Śliwerski, On the phenomenon of scientific work of Zbyszko Melosik. Interdisciplinary Contexts of Special Pedagogy, no. 26, Poznań 2019. Pp. 405–439. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. e-ISSN 2658-283X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2019.26.19

The subject of analyses are issues of research undertaken in scientific publications by Zbyszko Melosik from the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, the content of which is of key significance to reforms in paedagogical sciences after the year 1989 in Poland, as well as to the understanding of international and domestic value of the cooperation of this scientist with academic circles. It is also an example of the establishment and evolution of the Poznań research school in culture, comparative and general paedagogy. They indicate a clear union between the conditions of socioculturaland education studies in light of the assumptions of post-modernism and critical paedagogy and the richness of sources by this author, connecting Polish paedagogical thought with the world discourse on socialisation and broadly understood education.
The role of sketching within the process of creative maturation of an architect in 21st century – sketching from nature in cognitive development
Authors: Chrzanowska Olga
Published: April 2020

In the XXIst century, there is a debate whether an architect should practise freehand drawing. This article covers statements about both advantages and drawbacks concerning this activity. Firstly, sketching remains an universal and timeless medium in cognitive development for artists, due to its engagement with various types of deep concentration at once, such as: practical, theoretical, aesthetic or scientific attention focus. What is more, through the medium of freehand drawing from nature, an architect is introduced to experience natural and build environment, by both reason and physical presence in a setting. In addition to this, there is a strong resemblance of methods within cognitive and creative process of an architectural design. On the other hand, the concepts of artistic freedom and genius, which appeared in XXth century, seem to strongly support the idea, that there is a little or no purpose of learning, development, and practise for an artist. Apart from that, recently there happen to be a common belief that manual methods lose their importance in an era of super fast and precise technology or hyper-realistic visualizations and simulations. Freehand drawing fails to reach the standards of the temporary definition of an ideal. If other qualities of manual techniques remain unrecognised, such methods could be abandoned, lose popularity and recognition. These and other controversiesconcerning freehand drawing are presented and discussed In conclusion, to show XXth and XXIst century’s approach towards this problem several architectural studios and their methods are introduced. Among many others there are modern architects: Peter Zumthor, Le Corbusier, Louis Kahn, Alvar Aaltoand Frank Gehry, that provide numerous examples of drawings, paintings, studies and sketches from nature. Moreover they emphasize the crucial role of manual techniques within architectural design too. To summarise there is a quotation from Alvar Aalto with a remark about this topic: It is not through simple sketches and superficial similarities that they [painting, sculpture, architecture] influence each other, but through “materia”: an intellectual analysis of the chosen material.
Candida auris: Problems in Diagnostics and Management
Authors: Ivanov Artem A. , Kulichenko Tatiana V.
Published: April 2020

Fungal infections in these days have the major risk for patients who receive immunosuppressive therapy and suffer from immunodeficiency conditions during their long stay in a hospital. The literature review is dedicated to Candida auris that was firstly isolated in 2009. Later it was reported that this fungus is the cause of nosocomial infections which mortality rate reaches 72%. C. auris has multi-drug resistance and it can survive for a long time in the environment. The lack of sensitivity of diagnostic tests for this fungus detection is the main problem in clinical practice. This leads to inappropriate management and increases the risk of mortality due to infection. C. auris was included in the group of infectious agents that has the highest danger to public health according to the recent report of the Centre for Disease Control (USA).
Politik Kutuplaşma ve Devletin Ekonomik Boyutu
Authors: KEYİFLİ Nazlı , AKDEDE Sacit Hadi
Published: April 2020

Bu çalışmada, ekonomik ve politik faktörlerin devletin ekonomik boyutu üzerindeki etkisi ampirik olarak incelenmektedir. Politik faktörlerden politik kutuplaşma diğer kontrol değişkenlerle birlikte ana bağımsız değişkendir. İstatistiksel analiz olarak En Küçük Kareler ve İki Aşamalı En Küçük Kareler yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamına 61 ülke dâhildir ve 1990 ile 2015 yılları arasındaki zaman aralığı kullanılmıştır. Regresyon analizi sonuçları, politik kutuplaşmanın fazla olduğu ülkelerde kamu tüketim harcamalarının milli gelir içindeki payının azaldığını göstermektedir. Ek olarak, etnik çeşitlilik, demokrasi ve siyasi ayrışma düzeylerinin artması kamu tüketim harcamalarının milli gelir içindeki payının artması şeklinde bir etki ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Çalışma bu bulguların bağlantılarını açıklamaktadır.
Bütçe Tutarlılığı ile Politik İstikrarsızlık İlişkisi: Türkiye’de 1984-2018 Dönemi Analizi
Authors: ATILGAN YAŞA Ayşe , ŞANLISOY Selim , ÖZEN Ahmet
Published: April 2020

Bu çalışmada, devlet bütçe gelir ve gider tahminleri ile gerçekleşmeleri arasındaki sapmalar doğrultusunda politik istikrarsızlık ile bütçenin tutarlık ilkesi arasındaki ilişkinin tespiti amaçlanmıştır. Bir başka ifade ile çalışmada, bütçe dokümanlarında yer alan hedeflerin tutarlılığı, performans denetimi ve politik istikrarsızlığın belirleyicileri üzerinden bütçeye etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Konu çerçevesinde belirlenen değişkenler ile yapılan analizde, Türkiye’de 1984-2018 dönemine ait veriler ile ARDL yöntemi kullanılarak, politik istikrarsızlığın bütçe tahminlerini ve gerçekleşmelerini ne ölçüde etkilediği değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada ayrıca 2006 yılında gerçekleştirilen bütçe sistemindeki yapısal değişimin bütçe hedeflerine ulaşma noktasında olumlu etki yarattığı bulgusu elde edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, gelecekteki tahmin tutarlığını sağlamak ve politik istikrarsızlığın yol açabileceği sorunları iyileştirmeye yönelik çözüm önerileri geliştirilmiştir.
Kazanç Yönetimi ve Finansal Performans: Borsa İstanbul Üzerine Ampirik Bir Araştırma
Authors: TUAN Koray , BORAK Metin
Published: April 2020

Sermaye piyasalarında yaşanan büyük çaplı muhasebe skandalları sonrasında işletmelerin kazanç yönetimi uygulamaları, özellikle yabancı yatırımcı çekmek isteyen gelişmekte olan ekonomilerde önem verilmesi gereken bir konu olmuştur. Bu ampirik çalışma, işletmelerde kazanç yönetimi uygulamaları ile işletmenin finansal performansı arasındaki ilişkiyi tespit etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, 2010-2017 yılları arasında Borsa İstanbul’da işlem gören finansal olmayan kuruluşlardan elde edilen 1928 firma-yıl verisi analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın bulguları, işletmelerin kazanç yönetimi uygulamalarına başvurduğuna işaret etmektedir. Bulgular ayrıca, kazanç yönetimi uygulamaları ile işletmenin finansal performansı arasında pozitif bir ilişki olduğunu desteklemektedir.
İlkokul Üçüncü Sınıf Matematik Ders Kitaplarının İçerdiği Etkinlikler ve Sorular Bağlamında İncelenmesi
Authors: YALÇIN Seher
Published: April 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı (MEB) tarafından 2017’de hazırlanan ilkokul üçüncü sınıf matematik ders kitaplarında yer alan etkinlikler ile ölçme ve değerlendirmeye ilişkin soruların öğretmenlerin ve ölçme ve değerlendirme uzmanlarının görüşlerini alarak incelemektir. Çalışma, nitel araştırma yaklaşımlarından doküman analizi yöntemiyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada veri kaynağı 2017 yılında MEB tarafından basımı yapılarak 2017-2018 eğitim-öğretim yılında uygulanmakta olan ilkokul üçüncü sınıf Matematik ders kitaplarıdır. Ders kitaplarının incelenmesi sürecinde, bir devlet okulunda sınıf öğretmeni olarak görev yapan üç öğretmenin ve bir devlet üniversitesindeki beş ölçme ve değerlendirme uzmanının görüşü alınmıştır. Ders kitaplarındaki etkinlikler hazırlanan kodlama formuna göre incelenmiş ve “Çözelim-öğrenelim”, “Bölüm değerlendirme” ve “Ünite değerlendirme” soruları revize edilen Bloom’un bilişsel düzey basamaklarına göre incelenmiştir. Öğretmenlerin görüşlerine göre, etkinliklerin öğrenci gelişim düzeyine büyük ölçüde uygun ve sınıfta uygulanabilir olduğu, ancak etkinliklerin çoğunda günlük hayatla ilişkilerin zayıf olduğu ve etkinliklerin genellikle öğrencilerin üst düzey düşünme becerilerini ölçmeye uygun olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Ölçme ve değerlendirme bölümündeki soruların ise revize edilen Bloom taksonomisine göre dağılımı incelendiğinde, soruların yaklaşık yarısının anlama düzeyinde olduğu, ardından en fazla uygulama düzeyinde soruların yer aldığı belirlenmiştir.
Investigation of the semi-strip’s stress state in the case of steady-state oscillations
Authors: Vaysfeld N. D. , Zhuravlova Z. Yu. , Moyseenok O. P. , Reut V. V.
Published: April 2020

The elastic semi-strip under the dynamic load concentrated at the centre of the semi-strip’s short edge is considered. The lateral sides of the semi-strip are fixed. The case of steady-state oscillations is considered. The initial problem is reduced to the one-dimensional problem with the help of the semi-infinite sin-, cos-Fourier’s transform. The one-dimensional problem is formulated in the vector form. Its solution is constructed as a superposition of the general solution for the homogeneous equation and the partial solution for the inhomogeneous equation. The general solution for the homogeneous vector equation is found with the help of the matrix differential calculations. The partial solution is expressed through Green’s matrixfunction, which is constructed as the bilinear expansion. The inverse Fourier’s transform is applied to the derived expressions for the displacements. The solving of the initial problem is reduced to the solving of the singular integral equation. Its solution is searched as the series of the orthogonal Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind. The orthogonalization method is used for the solving of the singular integral equation. The stress-deformable state of the semi-strip is investigated regarding both the frequency of the applied load, and the load segment’s length.
Towards the solution of creep problems of thin-shelled tubular elements in isotropic nonlinear viscoelastic materials
Authors: Golub V. P.
Published: April 2020

A new approach to the creep strains analysis of thin-shelled tubular elements in isotropic nonlinear viscoelastic materials under combined loading with uniaxial tension and torsion has been proposed. The system of equations that is constructed according to the deviators proportionality hypothesis has been chosen as the creep constitutive equations the nonlinearity of viscoelastic properties in which is given with respect to the creep strain intensity and volumetric strain by the Rabotnov type models. The kernels of creep strain intensity and volumetric strain are given by the relations that establish the relationships between these kernels and one-dimensional creep kernels determined from a system of base experiments. One-dimensional tension with the measurement of longitudinal and transverse strains as well as one-dimensional tension and pure torsion with the measurement of longitudinal and shearing strains have been considered as base experiments. The functions of nonlinearity of viscoelastic properties are given by smoothing cubic splines. The problems of the analysis of longitudinal, transverse and shearing strains of thin-shelled tubular specimens made of “high density polyethylene PEHD” have been solved and experimentally approved.
Thermal instability of nanocomposite structural elements under cyclic loading
Authors: Zhuk Y. A.
Published: April 2020

The failure of nanocomposite structural elements due to the self-heatingunder harmonic loading is investigated. The technique of the nanocomposite structural element life prediction is elaborated with accounting for the influence of dissipative heating and volume fraction of nanofibers on mechanical stability of polymeric nanocomposite rod subjected to both static and monoharmonic loading that are based on the concept of temperature and amplitude dependent complex moduli. In this regard, special modified homogenization procedure based on the Mori-Tanaka method is designed with taking into account the effects of interface on response of nanocomposite material to derive the complex moduli for the nanocomposite with either random or unidirectional orientation of nanofibers.Complex moduli approach is used to formulate the approximate (single frequency approximation) problem statement. The problem is solved numerically. Influence of carbon nanotube fiber volume fraction on the high cycle fatigue behavior for the nanocomposite rod with both randomly and unidirectionally oriented nanofibers is estimated. It is found that volume fraction of nanofibers affects significantly the temperature level and, thus, fatigue life of nanocomposite element. The approach presented in this paper can be useful to understanding of the cyclic behavior of viscoelastic structures and investigations of the fatigue with taking into account the vibro-heating effect due to the mechanical energy dissipation.
Level of Unintended Pregnancy and its Associated Factors among Currently Pregnant Women in Duguna Fango District, Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Getachew Firehiwot Danssa
Published: April 2020

Few researchers in Ethiopia have studied issues related to unintended pregnancy and little has been discussed about its cause especially in the rural parts of the county. Moreover, efforts to reduce the incidence of unintended pregnancy were very weak. Hence, there is a continued need for research, information sharing and documentation of efforts aimed at reducing unintended pregnancy. Hence the objective of this study is to measure the level of unintended pregnancy and identify associated factors among currently pregnant women in Duguna Fango Woreda, Wolaita Zone, South Ethiopia. Facility based Cross-sectional study method were instrumental under current study. Four hundred Seventy Seven (477) respondents were selected by systematic random sampling method from five health centers. Data collected through structured and pre-tested questionnaire, and analyzed using SPSS for windows version 16.0. Bivariate and multivariate logistic analysis was used to calculate the odds ratios with 95% confidence interval for the different risk factors. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05.  It is concluded that, unintended pregnancy was found to be a major reproductive health problem in the study area and thus deserves priority attention. It is recommended that, different  partners  in  partnership  with  the  government  to  address  the  issue of improving income among women, improving their perception, empowerment, economic status and women  on reproductive health issues is encouraged.
Menstruation and its Social Implications on Un-Married Adolescent Girls: A Case Study of Village Tarayyia, District Rawalpindi
Authors: Sehar Noor-Us , Mohuddin Nasser
Published: April 2020

The paper presents research findings on menarche and developments associated with it. This particular village was chosen on account of being traditional with some development and its link with the city. Menarche is regarded as sign for restrictions to be imposed on girls, which deprives them from their basic rights. The authority and autonomy of these girls is almost nil as there are no windows of opportunities for them, this is all culturally constructed and there is change coming but with a slow pace. There are a few cases that show that females when provided with an opportunity have done well but these were only possible in special circumstances, for all the adolescent girls means have to be explored for bringing them up on a common ground from where they can find ways.
Evaluation of the BSc Nursing Science Programme: Employer’s Perspective
Authors: Chitura Miriam , Mutowo Jessica , Mzengi Junior
Published: April 2020

In the educational system, programme evaluation is an important component for quality assurance. Evaluation in open and distance learning is undertaken to guide decision-makers, programme leaders and programme coordinators, with an overall aim of improving processes and service delivery in order to achieve stakeholder satisfaction. 

A cross-sectional survey was conducted to evaluate the BSc Nursing Science Programme from the employer’s perspective. Purpose of the study was to gain some insight into performance of the Zimbabwe Open University BSc graduates as they operated in the various fields of health care. A purposive sample of 48 respondents was drawn from a population of all employers in health institutions in the ten regions of Zimbabwe, who occupied senior positions in their institutions. Questionnaires were distributed to stakeholders who had interacted with ZOU graduates and the BSc. Nursing Science learning materials. Comparisons were made on the graduates’ performance before, during training and after graduating. Data were analysed using SPSS and results presented in cross tabulations and bar graphs. 

Demographic data of respondents is presented in Section ‘A’. General performance and performance levels in the various areas of care are summarized in Section ‘B’. Information on the quality of modules is presented in Section ‘C’ of the results. More females participated in the research. Seventy five percent worked in government institutions. Major highligts of the findings indicated that ZOU graduates performed favourably compared to their counter-parts who trained at conventional institutions. However, some gaps in terms of the need to strengthen hands on experience were highlighted.
Effect of Plant Growth Retardants on Growth, Flowering and Yield of Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum Morifolium Ramat.) cv. IIHR-6
Authors: Vaghasia Mital , Polara N. D.
Published: April 2020

The present experiment was conducted on chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.) cv. IIHR-6 at Jambu Vadi Farm, College of Agriculture, JAU, Junagadh during winter season of 2013-14 under South Saurashtra agro climatic condition. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with Factorial concept with two time of spray viz., spray at 30 days after transplanting (S1) and spray at 60 days after transplanting (S2) and six treatment of plant growth retardants viz., MH 500 @ mg l-1 (P1), MH 700 @ mg l-1 (P2), CCC @ 2000 mg l-1 (P3), CCC @ 2500 mg l-1 (P4), PCB @ 0.4 ml l-1 (P5), PCB @ 0.5 ml l-1 (P6) were sprayed including control (P7). The effect of different time of sprays and plant growth retardants on growth, flowering and yield of chrysanthemum cv. ‘IIHR-6’ were found significant. The vigorous growth in terms of plant height at 90 DAT (52.65  cm) and at the time of final harvest (63.34 cm) was noticed the highest in control (P7)  treatment while, the number of branches per plant at 90 DAT (28.80) and at the time of final harvest 34.89), plant spread in N - S (52.15 cm and 60.78 cm) and E - W direction (53.25 and 62.45 cm) at 90 DAT and at time of final harvest, respectively; fresh weight of plant (317.55 g) and dry weight of plant (35.87 g) recorded maximum under plant receiving MH @ 700 mg l-1 (P2). Consequently, these plants produced early flowers (70.94 days), took minimum days for 50 per cent flowering (101.16 days) with maximum flowering span (46.36 days), flower diameter (6.33 cm), shelf life  (5.00 days) of flower as well as vase life  (9.05 days) of flower. The yield of flowers (13.43 t ha -1) also produced maximum in these treatment. Interaction between different time of spray and plant growth retardants was found to be non significant in case of growth, flowering and yield of flowers, except diameters of flower. Economics of chrysanthemum indicated that the plant sprayed at 30 days after transplanting (S1) and treated with MH @ 700 mg l-1 (P2) found most remunerative as they gave highest net returns (Rs. 208980) with maximum Benefit Cost Ratio (1:4.50). It can be concluded that the foliar application of MH @ 700 mg l-1 at 30 days after transplanting proved superior in terms of growth, flowering, flower yield and more economical as compared to all other growth retardants treatments.
Efficacy of Physiologically Active Anti-Transpirants on Excised Leaves of Potted Plants
Authors: Degif Amha Besufkad , Woltering Ernst
Published: April 2020

Pot plant production in the greenhouse is most of the time under high relative humidity and frequent irrigation. While, during shipping and retailing plants may be exposed to high temperature and infrequent irrigation. These unfavorable conditions often cause water loss, desiccation of plants and short shelf life. So as to reduce the deteriorating effect of water loss, application of anti-transpirants is one of the integral options to implement. In this study, we evaluated several physiologically active stomata closing compounds. Spathiphyllum sweet checo and Calathea rufibarba were sprayed with different active compound formulations. Weight loss of leaves as gram of water per gram of initial leaf weight and gram of water per centimeter square leaf area and stomatal conductance were measured. On both plant species most physiologically active compound treatments reduce weight loss and stomatal conductance significantly. 1.5 mM Abscisic acid (ABA), 5 mM Salicylic acid (SA) and 200 µM Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on Spathiphyllum sweet checo  and 1.5 mM ABA ,200 µM SNP and 200 µM Pyrabactin on Calathea rufibarba were the three most effective active compound treatments. Significant positive correlation were found between weight loss and stomatal conductance in both plant species (R=0.888, P<0.05), (R=0.811, P<0.05) for Spathiphyllum and Calathea respectively. The relative efficacy of different active compound treatments and the effects of leaf weight and leaf area on water loss were also inseparable in both plant species.
TÜKETİM TOPLUMUNUN TOPLUMSAL DEĞERLER ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ
Authors: AKKOÇ Aslıhan
Published: April 2020

Kapitalist ve endüstriyel üretim biçiminin
ortaya çıkışından beri tüketim, ekonomik yapının önemli bir parçasını
oluşturmaktadır. 20. yüzyılın başından itibaren üretim biçiminin ve tüketim
biçiminin değiştiği görülür. Tüketim, ABD ve Avrupa başta olmak üzere dünya
genelinde giderek yaygınlaşmıştır. İnsanlar eski dönemlere kıyasla her alanda
daha fazla tüketmeye başlamışlardır. Bununla birlikte, tüketim bağlamında insan
ilişkilerinin ve insani değerlerin yerine farklı değerlerin ortaya çıktığı
görülür.  İnsani değer sisteminin yerini
maddi ilişkilerin belirleyici olduğu bir yeni değer sistemi almaya
başlamaktadır. Bu nedenle çalışmanın sorunsalı, tüketim bağlamında insanların
değer sistemindeki değişimdir. Sonuç olarak, tüketim toplumunda insani
ilişkiler derinden etkilenmektedir.
Gridded Population Survey Sampling: A Review of the Field and Strategic Research Agenda
Authors: Thomson Dana R. , Rhoda Dale A. , Tatem Andrew J. , Castro Marcia C.
Published: April 2020

Objective: In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), household survey data are a main source of information for planning, evaluation, and decision-making. Standard surveys are based on censuses, however, for many LMICs it has been more than ten years since their last census and they face high urban growth rates. Over the last decade, survey designers have begun to use modelled gridded population estimates as sample frames. We summarize the state of the emerging field of gridded population survey sampling, focussing on LMICs. Methods: We performed a systematic review and identified 43 national and sub-national gridded population-based household surveys implemented across 29 LMICs. Findings: Gridded population surveys used automated and manual approaches to derive clusters from WorldPop and LandScan gridded population estimates. After sampling, many surveys interviewed all households in each cluster or segment, though some sampled households from larger clusters. Tools to select gridded population survey clusters include the GridSample R package, Geo-sampling tool, and GridSample.org. In the field, gridded population surveys generally relied on geographically accurate maps based on satellite imagery or OpenStreetMap, and a tablet or GPS technology for navigation. Conclusions: For gridded population survey sampling to be adopted more widely, several strategic questions need answering regarding cell-level accuracy and uncertainty of gridded population estimates, the methods used to group/split cells into sample frame units, design effects of new sample designs, and feasibility of tools and methods to implement surveys across diverse settings.
Direct Transformation of Crystalline MoO3 into Few-Layers MoS2
Authors: Carrascoso Felix , Sanchez-Santolino Gabriel , Hsu Chun-wei , Nemes Norbert M. , Torres-Pardo Almudena , Gant Patricia , Mompean Federico J. , Kalantar-zadeh Kourosh , Alonso Jose A. , Garcian-Hernandez Mar , Frisenda Riccardo , Castellanos-Gomez Andres
Published: April 2020

We fabricate large-area atomically thin MoS2 layers through the direct transformation of crystalline molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) by sulfurization at relatively low temperatures. The obtained MoS2 sheets are polycrystalline (~10-20 nm single-crystal domain size) with areas of up to 300×300 µm2 with 2-4 layers in thickness and show a marked p-type behaviour. The synthesized films are characterized by a combination of complementary techniques: Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and electronic transport measurements.
CANOMAD : A Multi-Faceted Disease
Authors: Rickli Júlia Machado , Pomaleski Gabriela , Magno Gonçalves Marcus Vinícius
Published: April 2020

Objective: Elucidate the main clinical aspects of the CANOMAD spectrum. Methods: Bibliographical review trough databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Orphanet, Oxford Academic) of articles from 1985 (1) to 2019 and later selection of the most applicable of the above, in order to construct a non-systematic review. Conclusion: CANOMAD is a chronic-ataxic autoimmune neuropathy associated with IgM monoclonal gammopathy. The correct diagnosis of this rare and multi-faceted disease will help optimal treatment.
Neurological Complications of Pandemic COVID-19: What Have We Got So Far?
Authors: Pastor Bandeira Isabelle , Machado Schlindwein Marco Antônio , Breis Leticia Caroline , Schatzmann Peron Jean Pierre , Magno Gonçalves Marcus Vinicius
Published: April 2020

The recently emerged coronavirus named Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS- CoV-2) is the newest threat to human health. It has already infected more than half a million people worldwide, leading to a lot of deaths. Although it causes mild flu-like disease in most patients, lethality may increase to more than 20% in elderly subjects, especially those with comorbidities, like hypertension, diabetes or lung and cardiac disease, and the mechanisms are still elusive. Common symptoms at the onset of illness are fever, cough, myalgia or fatigue, headache, and diarrhea or constipation. Interestingly, respiratory viruses have also placed themselves as relevant agents for CNS pathologies. Here we discuss several CNS related features, referred by several patients, especially at the beginning of the disease. Thus, we also discuss the possibility by which SARS-CoV-2 may affect the olfactive system of patients, either directly or indirectly.
A Normalized Mortality Rate Showed the Diverse Severity of COVID-19 in the World
Authors: Kumar Santosh , Renjith P.R. , Priscilla C. , Kumar Ganesan Selva
Published: April 2020

Covid-19 has given a halt to all the activities in the world. Europe was most affected followed by the United States of America. In this study we have assessed the severity of Covid-19 by analyzing the mortality rate in Covid-19 and other diseases. The Covid-19 data and “death rate” data caused by other diseases (cardiovascular diseases, cancer, non-communicable respiratory diseases, respiratory infectious diseases, diabetes mellitus, and kidney diseases) were downloaded from the world health organization (WHO) website. A normalized period based method was used to see the mortality rate of Covid-19 in comparison to other diseases. The deaths occurred by cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and respiratory diseases were more in number than the Covid-19 caused deaths in the 45 days period where most of the Covid-19 deaths had taken place. The mortality rate of Covid-19 was highest in France followed by Belgium and the lowest in Russia while the share of Covid-19 caused deaths in total deaths by all causes was the highest in Belgium followed by Spain and the lowest in Japan. The severity of Covid-19 in the USA was moderate. The severity of Covid-19 in Asian countries was found to be moderate to low. The severity of Covid-19 was diverse in the world. Europe showed the highest diversity in the mortality rate of Covid-19. Cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and non-communicable diseases were still more lethal and caused more deaths than Covid-19.
Infection-Genomics of COVID-19: Are Some Communities Resistant?
Authors: Kini R. Manjunatha
Published: April 2020

The 2019-Novel Coronavirus has currently gripped the world in terror, affecting 210 countries and territories as of April 17, 2020. Originating from Wuhan, Hubei province, China, the virus has spread so rapidly throughout the world and has already claimed 144,700 lives and is currently afflicting 2.17 million people. The US has over 677,000 confirmed cases of COVID-19, followed by Spain, Italy, France, Germany, UK and China. On careful inspection of the COVID-19 statistics, a peculiar unsettling trend becomes apparent. Here, I will highlight this trend and propose the importance of infection-genomics (sankramikogenomics), in understanding the susceptibility to COVID-19 and the severity of disease progress.
HERV and Epstein-Barr Virus: Another Piece to Multiple Sclerosis Puzzle
Authors: Caroline Breis Letícia , Antônio Machado Schlindwein Marco , Vinicius Magno Gonçalves Marcus
Published: April 2020

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) has a well established link with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and a growing association with human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs). In this review, we described how these two pieces may interact in MS pathogenesis
A Quick, Green and Simple Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction for the Valorization of Antioxidant Phenolic Acids from Moroccan Almond (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A.Webb) Cold-Pressed Oil Residues
Authors: Tungmunnithum Duangjai , Elamrani Ahmed , Abid Malika , Drouet Samantha , Kiani Reza , Garros Laurine , Kabra Atul , Addi Mohamed , Hano Christophe
Published: April 2020

Almond (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A.Webb) is one of the most important nut crops both in terms of area and production. Over the last decades, an important part of the beneficial actions for health associated with their consumption was attributed to the phenolic compounds, mainly accumulated in almond skin. Interestingly, after cold-pressed oil extraction, most of these antioxidant phenolic compounds are retained in a skin-enriched by-product, so-called almond cold-pressed oil residue. In Morocco, ranked fifth producer in the world, this production generates an important part of this valuable byproduct. In the present study, using a multivariate Box-Behnken design, an ultrasound-assisted extraction (USAE) method of phenolic compounds from Moroccan almond cold-pressed oil residue was developed and validated. Response surface methodology resulted in the optimal extraction conditions: the use of aqueous EtOH 53.0% (v/v) as green solvent, applying an US frequency of 27.0 kHz for an extraction duration of 29.4 min. The present USAE allowed substantial gains in terms of extraction efficiency compared to conventional heat reflux extraction. Applied to 3 different local Beldi genotypes growing at 3 different experimental sites, the optimal USAE conditions led to a total phenolic content of 13.86 mg/g dry weight (DW). HPLC analysis revealed that the main phenolic compounds from this valuable byproduct were: chlorogenic acid followed by protocatechuic acid, p-hydrobenzoic acid and p-coumaric acid. The accumulation of these phenolic compounds appeared to be more dependent on the genetic background than on the environmental impact here represented by the 3 experimental culture sites. Both in vitro cell free and cellular antioxidant assays were performed, and revealed the great potential of these extracts. In particular, correlation analysis evidenced the prominent roles of chlorogenic acid, protocatechuic acid and p-hydrobenzoic acid. To summarize, the USAE method presented here is a quick, green, simple and efficient validated USAE for the possible valorization of antioxidant phenolic compounds from Moroccan almond cold-Pressed oil residues, making it possible to generate extracts with attractive antioxidant activities for future nutraceutical and/or cosmetic applications.
Effect of Process Parameter Modification and Hot Isostatic Pressing on the Mechanical Properties of Selectively Laser-Melted 316L Steel
Authors: Kluczynski Janusz , Śnieżek Lucjan , Grzelak Krzysztof , Oziębło Artur , Perkowski Krzysztof , Torzewski Janusz , Szachogłuchowicz Ireneusz , Gocman Krzysztof , Wachowski Marcin , Kania Bogusz
Published: April 2020

Industries that rely on additive manufacturing of metallic elements, especially biomedical companies, require material science-based knowledge of how process parameters and methods affect element properties, but such phenomena are incompletely understood. In this study, we investigated the influence of selective laser melting (SLM) process parameters and additional heat treatment on mechanical properties. The research included structural analysis of residual stress, microstructure, and scleronomic hardness in low-depth measurements. Tensile tests with element deformation analysis using digital image correlation (DIC) were performed as well. Experiment results showed it was possible to observe the porosity growth mechanism and its influence on material strength. Elements manufactured with 20% lower energy density had almost half the elongation, which was directly connected with porosity growth during energy density reduction. Hot isostatic pressing (HIP) treatment allowed for a significant reduction of porosity and helped achieve properties similar to elements manufactured using different levels of energy density.
Plants as a Prospective Source of Natural Anti-viral Compounds and Oral Vaccines Against COVID-19 Coronavirus
Authors: Yonesi Mahdi , Rezazadeh Alireza
Published: April 2020

The proposal of novel drugs and approaches for effective treatment of the novel coronavirus is a necessity after the quick outbreak of the disease. Since the commencement of the coronavirus spread, enormous efforts have been made to protect, alleviate and cure the disease, though no specific treatment has been approved. While there have been convincing results in the use of chemical drugs and interferon therapy, such therapeutic approaches have various drawbacks and lack the required performance for the treatment of the new coronavirus. Medicinal plant species can provide a solution as a source of natural antiviral compounds by the accumulation of secondary metabolites and lectins as well as acting as a platform to express the viral immunogenic proteins. This study reviews the advantages and the results of previous research for the treatment of the novel coronavirus disease and previous generations of similar coronaviruses. Several plant-derived anti coronavirus compounds have been nominated that could be targeted for further research due to the similarity of the coronavirus disease in 2003 and the current coronavirus. This review regards plant species such as Scutellaria baicalensis (Baikal skullcap), and Utrica dioica (Stinging nettle) as suitable candidates for the new coronavirus antiviral research. Furthermore, the use of plants such as Nicotiana tabacum (Tobacco) for the expression of the coronavirus viral antigens can be a target for the future vaccinal research of the new coronavirus due to the efficiency of expression and intrinsic antiviral properties.
Food Supplements in the Treatment of Male Infertility: A Critical Review on Their Formulations and Use
Authors: Garolla Andrea , Petre Gabriel Cosmin , Francini-Pesenti Francesco , De Toni Luca , Vitagliano Amerigo , Di Nisio Andrea , Foresta Carlo
Published: April 2020

Background: Dietary supplements (DS) represent a possible approach to improve sperm parameters and male fertility. A wide range of DS containing different nutrients is now available. Although many authors demonstrated benefits from some nutrients in male infertility, their real effectiveness is still under debate. The aim of this study was to critically review the composition of DS using the Italian market as sample. Materials & Methods: Active ingredients and their minimal effective daily dose (mFED) were identified through literature search. Thereafter, we created a formula to classify the expected efficacy of each DS. Considering active ingredients, their concentration and the recommended daily dose, DS were scored into three classes of expected efficacy: higher, lower and none. Results: Twenty-one DS were identified. Most of them had a large number of ingredients, frequently at doses below mFED or with unproven efficacy. Zinc was the most common ingredient of DS (70% of products), followed by selenium, arginine, coenzyme Q and folic acid. By applying our scoring system, 9.5% of DS fell in higher class, 71.4% in lower class and 19.1% in the class with no expected efficacy. Conclusions: DS marketed in Italy for male infertility frequently include effective ingredients but also a large number of substances at insufficient dose or with no proven efficacy. Manufacturers and physicians should better consider the scientific evidence on effective ingredients and their doses before formulating and prescribing these products.
A Cross-Sectional Study of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Knowledge Among Dental Medicine Students at the University of Zagreb
Authors: Homolak Jan , Tomljanovic Deni , Milosevic Milan , Vrazic Domagoj , Zivkovic Mario , Budimir Ivan , Pezo Nikolic Borka , Muslim Antonela , Ljubicic Neven , Nikolic Marko
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Dental health care workers, particularly dental medicine students (DMS), are at an increased risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The aim of our study was to assess the level of knowledge on HBV and HCV, estimate needlestick injury (NSI) prevalence and reporting practice in DMS at the University of Zagreb and analyze how enrolment in obligatory and supplemental courses affects knowledge and needlestick injury reporting practice. Materials and methods: The knowledge was assessed by our questionnaires based on Centers for Disease Control general handouts. Additional information was collected to examine the prevalence and reporting practice of NSI. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis, independent-samples t-tests, proportion analyses and combined factor analyses of categorical and quantitative variables in SPSS and R. Results: In total, 206 students participated. The overall level of HBV and HCV-related knowledge was poor with average scores being 61.90% and 51.35% respectively. Moreover, students enrolled in the first year demonstrated significantly lower levels of knowledge in comparison with their older peers. Of all participants 18.2% sustained a needlestick injury, and majority of them (78.95%) never reported the injury. Conclusion: In conclusion, DMS have low levels of knowledge on important occupational pathogens and poor NSI reporting practice. Moreover, formal education in the current form failed to significantly improve competence of students and theoretical knowledge translates poorly into more conscientious injury reporting practice. We should look for a better way to increase student awareness and level of knowledge on this topic.