bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the average duration of treatment of victims of various forms of poisoning with drugs and psychodisleptics (hallucinogens) for 2015–2021
Authors:   Omsk State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Sabaev A. V. ,   The City Clinical Emergency Hospital No. 1, Pasechnik O. A. ,   Omsk State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Goleva O. P. ,   Omsk State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kanarskaya S. V. ,   Omsk State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation,   The Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination
Published: June 2023

Relevance. One of the indicators that allows you to comprehensively assess the level of organization of specialized medical care in a hospital, the quality of medical services, the use of modern medical technologies, continuity in the work of the pre-hospital stage, is the indicator of the average length of a patient’s stay in a hospital. The purpose of the study. To study the average duration of treatment of victims of drug poisoning and psychodisleptics (hallucinogens) of varying severity for 2015–2021. Materials and methods. The analysis of the average length of stay of patients with acute drug poisoning and psychodisleptics (hallucinogens) of varying severity in the process of standardization of toxicological care for the period from 2015 to 2021 was carried out. The study was conducted in four groups of victims: mild forms, moderate forms, severe forms, severe complicated forms with fatal outcome. Results. For the period from 2015 to 2021, the average duration of treatment of victims of acute poisoning with drugs and psychodisleptics (hallucinogens) was undulating and did not exceed 2.4 days. A statistically confirmed decrease in the average duration of treatment of victims during the study period was observed in the group of moderate forms of poisoning with drugs and psychodisleptics (hallucinogens), which indicates the controllability of the course of chemical trauma, providing a prognosis. The study of the average terms of medical care for victims of poisoning with drugs and psychodisleptics (hallucinogens) allows us to evaluate clinical measures of an urgent nature, formulate a prognosis of a pathological condition.
Analysis of the morbidity of a separate medical university students before and during the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19
Authors:   Smolensk State Medical Universit, Shevchenko S.S. , Gerasimova T.A. ,   Smolensk State Medical Universit, Burdakova A.M. ,   Smolensk State Medical Universit
Published: June 2023

The study of the health of modern students is an urgent problem that requires a comprehensive and comprehensive analysis. With the beginning of the COVID-19 coronarovirus pandemic, isolated works devoted to the study of the morbidity of students have been published. In this regard, the study of the morbidity of medical students during the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection is of great practical interest. Purpose. To analyze the morbidity and structure in medical university students before and during the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection COVID-19. Materials and methods. Students of the Smolensk State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (SSMU) took part in a comprehensive study. Research bases -polyclinic, health center, serving university students. Sources of information in the study: reporting and accounting forms of a medical institution, a statistical coupon for registering final diagnoses and reporting documentation of healthcare organizations providing medical care to students. The analysis of morbidity was carried out according to the nomenclature, according to the “International Classification of Diseases, Injuries and Causes of Death X revision”. Results. The analysis of the overall incidence showed its increase in the pre-pandemic period of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19, and in the first year of the pandemic - a significant decrease with a distinct increase in 2021. The level of primary morbidity in the first year of the pandemic decreased significantly, and in the second year it exceeded the values of primary morbidity, both before the pandemic and the first year of the pandemic. Analysis of the structure of morbidity by incidence, by classes of diseases showed that respiratory diseases were the most frequent among students both in the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods. Conclusions. Thus, in the pre-pandemic period, there was an increase in both general and primary morbidity, as well as in all classes of diseases. Respiratory diseases were in the leading ranking place. In the first year of the pandemic, there was a decrease in the level of general, primary morbidity and the level of morbidity in almost all classes of diseases. In the second year of the pandemic, there was a significant increase in these indicators.
Snapping Hip Syndrome
Authors: Sugrañes Joan , Jackson Garrett R. , Warrier Alec A. , Allahabadi Sachin , Chahla Jorge
Published: June 2023

» Asymptomatic snapping hip affects 5% to 10% of the population; when pain becomes the primary symptom, it is classified as snapping hip syndrome (SHS).

» The snap can be felt on the lateral side of the hip (external snapping hip), often attributed to an iliotibial band interaction with the greater trochanter, or on the medial side (internal snapping hip), often attributed to the iliopsoas tendon snapping on the lesser trochanter.

» History and physical examination maneuvers can help distinguish the etiology, and imaging may help confirm diagnosis and rule out other pathologies.

» A nonoperative strategy is used initially; in the event of failure, several surgical procedures are discussed in this review along with their pertinent analyses and key points.

» Both open and arthroscopic procedures are based on the lengthening of the snapping structures. While open and endoscopic procedures both treat external SHS, endoscopic procedures typically have lower complication rates and better outcomes when treating internal SHS. This distinction does not appear to be as noticeable in the external SHS.
Multi-sectoral Community of Practice Amongst Librarians
Authors: Power Helen , Ha Chau
Published: June 2023

Communities of Practice (CoPs) bring together practitioners who share a common interest and provide a forum for them to improve upon their practice. The City Librarians Community of Practice was formed in late 2019 to fulfil a professional development need among librarians across the city. Librarians from across sectors were invited to join in this multi-sectoral CoP with the intent of it being an opportunity for networking, collaboration, and sharing of best practices. Multi-sectoral communities of practice are not common in the literature, with most CoPs focusing on a narrow subject area of interest or being hosted by a single institution. This study reports on the results of a survey of City librarians, including those who became members of the CoP and those who opted not to join. The survey was intended to garner anonymous feedback on the CoP, to determine its benefits, and to identify potential areas for growth and improvement. While the CoP did not directly impact practice of its members, there have been perceived indirect impacts, including the sharing of information, hearing about librarianship issues from other perspectives, and affective, social elements. Many members preferred an informal, flexible approach over a more rigid, academic slant towards meetings. Regular communication and check-ins with members and potential members is another identified way of handling the natural attrition that comes with CoPs and to continue to keep the CoP relevant and engaging for the librarians of City.
[Corrigendum] Evaluations of Paranasal Sinus Disease Using Multidetector Computed Tomography in Taif City, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alotaibi Osama , Osman Hamid , Hadi Yasser , Alzamil Yasser , Alyahyawi Amjad , Al-Enezi Mamdouh S , Alafer Feras , Abanomy Ahmad , Khandaker Mayeen Uddin , Almeshari Meshari
Published: June 2023

Corrigendum for 'Evaluations of Paranasal Sinus Disease Using Multidetector Computed Tomography in Taif City, Saudi Arabia' by: Alotaibi O, Osman H, Hadi Y, Alzamil Y, Alyahyawi A, Al-Enezi MS, Alafer F, Abanomy A, Khandaker MU, Almeshari M. International Journal of Biomedicine 12(4): 575-579. DOI: 10.21103/Article12(4)_OA9 Following the publication of this article, the authors have realized that errors were made with the description of the listed affiliation addresses. Therefore, the author affiliations and addresses, in this paper should have appeared as follows: Osama Alotaibi1,2, Hamid Osman3, Yasser Hadi 4, Yasser Alzamil5, Amjad Alyahyawi5,6, Mamdouh S. Al-Enezi5, Feras Alafer7, Ahmad Abanomy8, Mayeen Uddin Khandaker9,10, and Meshari Almeshari5; 1Department of Radiology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia 2Department of Radiology, King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital-Taif, Taif, Saudi Arabia 3Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 2425, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia 4Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, King Abdullah Medical City (KAMC), Makkah, Saudi Arabia 5Department of Diagnostic Radiology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia. 6Centre for Nuclear and Radiation Physics, Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK 7Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia 8Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P. O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia 9Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia 10Department of General Educational Development, Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Daffodil, International University, DIU Rd, Dhaka 1341, Bangladesh The authors apologize for any inconvenience caused.
Pituitary Adenoma Presenting with True Bitemporal Hemianopsia: A Case Report
Authors: Shabani Afrim , Mushica Flamur , Latifaj Besim , Shatri Jeton , Kafexholli Ardita , Musliu Dijon , Deva Art , Jashari Redon , Rashiti Premtim
Published: June 2023

Pituitary adenomas grow from the anterior pituitary gland and can cause compression of surrounding structures, including the optic chiasm, leading to visual field defects such as bitemporal hemianopia, visual acuity or color perception reduction. In this case report, we present the case of a 45-year-old male patient who presented with long-lasting headaches and visual disturbances, including diplopia and a decline in visual acuity. Despite being initially diagnosed with migraine by a neurologist, a thorough ophthalmological examination revealed visual field defects consistent with true bitemporal hemianopsia. MRI results confirmed the presence of sellar mass, and the patient was referred to the neurosurgery department for immediate intervention. The patient underwent surgical removal of the mass, which was identified as a pituitary adenoma upon histological examination. Three months later, the patient experienced significant improvements in subjective and objective visual acuity, with no diplopia or scotomas in the visual field. In conclusion, this case report highlights the importance of considering pituitary adenoma as a potential cause of visual disturbances, even in the absence of bitemporal hemianopsia. Thorough ophthalmological examination, including visual field testing, can aid in the early detection of chiasmal involvement and prompt referral for further investigation. Early intervention, including surgical removal of the tumor, can prevent other complications and significantly improve visual acuity and overall quality of life for patients.
The Persistence of COVID-19-Related Pancytopenia as A Possible Sign of Hairy Cell Leukemia: A Case Report
Authors: Barbullushi (Rucaj) Alma , Kristo Anila , Davidhi Andi , Kullolli Ilda
Published: June 2023

COVID-19 is known to cause many hematological abnormalities, such as thrombocytopenia, leucopenia, and lymphopenia. Pancytopenia, a decrease in all peripheral blood cell lines, is a rare complication not commonly seen in patients with COVID-19. We report a case of a patient who experienced COVID-19 infection with mild clinical symptoms like fever, fatigue, and muscle and bone aches. The laboratory examinations revealed pancytopenia, mainly neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, mild anemia, and relative lymphocytosis, which persisted after infection resolution. The splenomegaly in abdominal echography and the characteristics of lymphocyte elements in peripheral blood smear examination raised suspicion of the presence of hairy cell leukemia (HCL); therefore, the patient was further examined with a bone marrow biopsy, which confirmed the diagnosis. The persistence of pancytopenia after recovery from COVID-19 infection, especially in patients with splenomegaly, should raise suspicion of another hematological coexistence diagnosis like HCL.
Iron Deficiency and Iron Storage Markers in Different Pregnancy Stages in Sudanese Women of Different Age
Authors: Waggiallah Hisham Ali , Khair Hala Elsir , Almoammar Nasser Eissa , Abdelmola Ammar , Babker Asaad MA
Published: June 2023

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the ID and iron storage markers in pregnant women suffering from anemia during various trimesters attending Omdurman Maternity Hospital in Sudan. Methods and Results: This cross-sectional study included 205 pregnant women aged 15 to 45 in various trimesters who attended Omdurman Maternity Hospital (Sudan) between May 2022 and January 2023. All pregnant women were divided into two groups: the case group included 159 pregnant women with anemia, and the control group included 46 apparently healthy pregnant women. The blood test parameters were measured using a Sysmex XT-1800i Automated Hematology Analyzer (Japan). The levels of serum iron (SI) and total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) were measured using a Vitrous-350 Chemistry Analyzer (USA). The serum ferritin (SF) levels were measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay on the Cobas e411 analyzer (Roche). Among anemic pregnant women, 33(20.8%) were in the first trimester of pregnancy, 68(42.8%) in the second trimester, and 58(36.5%) in the third. In the case group, more than six deliveries were found in 50.3% of cases, compared to 23.9% in the control group (P=0.0015). The blood levels of Hb and SF were significantly lower in all trimesters in the case group than in the control group. The SI level showed a significantly low level only in the third trimester in the case group, compared to the control group (P<0.05). In the case group, TIBС levels increased from trimester to trimester, reaching maximum values in the third trimester, indicating a low iron level in the blood. In the case group, in the first trimester, the levels of Hb and ferritin did not differ between the age groups of 15-25 years and >26 years. However, in the second trimester, the SF level was statistically lower in the age group of >26 years than in the age group of 15-25 years (45.83±5.0 vs. 49.02±3.71 ng/mL, P=0.0038), but in the third trimester, there was the opposite (37.50±4.9 vs. 26.9±4.5ng/mL, P=0.000), which indicated a presence of IDA in the age subgroup of 15-25 years. Conclusion: Pregnant women are at high risk of developing or worsening ID. Every pregnant Sudanese woman should be screened for IDA.
Palatine Tonsil Measurements among Healthy Sudanese Children Using Ultrasonography
Authors: Abdelgabar Zohida A , Hassan Mahasin G , Elmahdi Tasneem S A , Wanasi Mayson , Elamin Mariam Khogaly
Published: June 2023

Background: Palatine tonsils (PT) reach their maximum normal size in early childhood; after puberty and with other body lymphatic tissue, they gradually atrophy. PT are usually easily seen in the oropharynx during the oral examination. However, clinical size assessment is difficult since the tongue's posture may significantly alter its appearance. The aim of this study was to evaluate normal PT size in healthy children by ultrasound using the anteroposterior and transverse diameters and correlate them with age, weight, and gender. Methods and Results: This cross-sectional study was conducted at different nurseries and schools in Khartoum. A random sample of 79 Sudanese children and adolescents (39 males and 40 females) aged 1–15 years, without PT pathology, was examined. The anteroposterior diameter (APD) and transverse diameter (TD) for both tonsils were measured by ultrasound. APD and TD were 1.46±0.16 cm and 1.38±0.16 cm, respectively, for the right PT and 1.51±0.15 cm and 1.40±0.16 cm for the left PT. The APD was significantly higher than the TD on both sides (P<0.01 in both cases). In addition, L(left)PT-APD was significantly greater than R(right)PT-APD (1.51±0.15 vs. 1.46±0.16, P=0.0044). We found a low-to-moderate positive correlation between all PT measurements with children's age and weight (P<0.01). There was no significant association between PT size and gender. Conclusion: Ultrasound is a reliable, simple, noninvasive procedure for estimating PT size in children. Normal PT size correlates with age and weight; however, no correlation is present for gender. Normal PT sizes (APD and TD) in children and adolescents may be predicted based on age and weight using developed equations.
Innovating Eucalyptus resistance: A meta-analysis of gene associations for combatting Leptocybe invasa
Authors: Calazans Crislaine Costa , Souza Juliana Lopes , Nunes Valdinete Vieira , Silva-Mann Renata
Published: June 2023

Our study aimed to enhance the current understanding of Leptocybe invasa, a pest affecting Eucalyptus trees, by exploring the intricate molecular interactions between plants and insects. Specifically, we sought to identify key genes and metabolic pathways involved in these plant-insect interactions to develop innovative strategies for effective pest control. To accomplish this, we embarked on a comprehensive investigation utilizing an array of scientific resources, including scientific articles, gene and protein sequence databases, and patents. This comprehensive search enabled us to gather valuable information on gene homology and predicted proteins specific to Eucalyptus species. Furthermore, we conducted an in-depth literature review that focused on the latest advancements in gene expression research and the intricate world of secondary metabolites. Through this exploration, we gained critical insights into the underlying mechanisms of plant resistance and the potential application of specific genes in selecting resilient Eucalyptus genotypes capable of withstanding the challenges posed by L. invasa. Our search for patents was facilitated by the utilization of the cutting-edge Orbit Intelligence patent research software, which allowed us to identify novel approaches and innovations in the field of pest control. This study underscores the significance of performing a meta-analysis that incorporates advancements in gene expression research and the exploration of secondary metabolite data. Such an approach deepens our understanding of plant resistance mechanisms, paving the way for the identification and selection of L. invasa resistant genotypes. Ultimately, our findings hold promise for the development of effective strategies to mitigate the impact of this destructive pest on Eucalyptus trees.
Effects of tool translation direction and tool rotation direction on mechanical and metallurgical properties of two-pass FSW joint of dissimilar AA6061-T6 and AA7075-T6 alloys
Authors: Alsayyad Taha Hussein , Alwan Hussam Lefta , Albaghdadi Baraa M. H. , Al-dolaimy F , Almamoori Mohammed Kareem
Published: June 2023

In the current research, the experimental investigation of the Friction Stir Welding (FSW) of two dissimilar aluminum alloys, AA6061-T6 and AA7075-T6, was done. The effect of three parameters, the number of welding passes, the tool translation direction in the second pass, and the tool rotation direction in the second pass, on the tensile properties, microhardness, and microstructure of the joint was carried out. Based on the results, the value of UTS and the elongation percentage of the welded samples are significantly dependent on the number of welding passes, the tool translation direction in the second pass, and the tool rotation direction in the second pass. Adding a secondary pass significantly increased the tensile strength of the welding samples. All samples welded with two passes experienced higher strength and elongation than the singlepass welded sample. The highest tensile strength belonged to TP-D sample. The TP-D sample experienced a 44% increase in tensile strength compared to the CF sample, and the tensile strength efficiency of this sample compared to the softer alloy (AA6061-T6) was equal to 89.6%. Also, the highest elongation percentage belonged to TP-D, TP-B, TP-C, TP-A, and CF samples, respectively. Regardless of the placement of dissimilar alloys on the Advancing side (AS) and Retreating side (RS), the number of welding passes, the tool translation direction in the second pass, and the tool rotation direction in the second pass, the lowest hardness values in all samples occurred in the HAZ region. It was found that the increase in the number of welding passes increased the microhardness in different weld areas. The highest and lowest average hardness belonged to the TP-D and CF welded samples, respectively.
Mean platelets volume as a diagnostic biomarker of acute appendicitis at Omdurman military hospital - A cross-sectional study - 2021
Authors: Suliman Mohamed Osman , Ahmed Ahmed Abdelfattah , Hamza Aamir Abdullahi
Published: June 2023

Background
Acute appendicitis (AA) is one of the most common non-traumatic indications for emergent abdominal surgical procedures. However, making an accurate diagnosis for all cases may be challenging, and physical examination, biochemical markers, and imaging techniques can be insufficient for diagnosis. Mean platelets volume (MPV) has been investigated in multiple studies as a diagnostic value for AA. This study aims to study the MPV as a diagnostic biomarker in diagnosing AA in Omdurman Military Hospital.
Materials and methods
Analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at Omdurman Military Hospital from December 2020 - December 2021. The study population was patients who presented to our emergency department with symptoms and signs suggestive of AA. Included were patients operated on as cases of AA. Data variables covered socio-demographic characteristics, clinical presentations, intraoperative appendix macroscopic findings, pre-operative MPV and TWBCs and post-operative histopathological findings.
Results
110 patients were included in this study, with 75 (68.2%) males; half were 10–19 years old. Sixty-three patients (57.3%) had low (< 7.5) MPV, whereas 47 (42.7%) had normal parameters. Comparing MPV to total white blood cells (TWBC) revealed that the MPV was more sensitive (84.6%) and specific (90%) than TWBCs during the first 24 hours of inflammation. However, the TWBCs were more sensitive (97.2%) but less specific (94.7% vs 100%) after 24 hours of onset.
Conclusion
In this study, MPV was lower in patients with AA, while there was an increase in TWBC counts. The high sensitivity and specificity of WBCs and MPV indicated that they form a promising diagnostic marker for AA.
A cloud model-based probabilistic linguistic multi-attribute decision method and its application to public evacuation in nuclear accidents
Authors: Wang Pingping , Chen Jiahua
Published: June 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Hepatitis B blood safety policy in endemic areas of Gabon a resource-limitted settings
Authors: MAULOT-BANGOLA Denis , FOKAM Joseph , MANGALA Christian , PELLEGRIN Olivier REBIENOT , NKOA Thérèse
Published: June 2023

Background : Transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs) pose a significant challenge for the availability and safety of blood transfusion. Therefore, more efforts are required to ensure the safety of blood supply and transfusions. HBV has a worldwide distribution and it is endemic in some regions of Estuaire Gabon. The risk of transmission through asymptomatic blood donors, particularly in endemic areas should be considered and appropriately managed.
Objective : The main objective of this study was determining the seroprevalence rates of HBV infections rates among voluntary donors from different areas in Estuaire Gabonand we performed a systematic review to identify proportion and predictors of transmissible infections among Gabonese blood donors and community setting in Gabon.
Methods : This cross sectional study was conducted at the Gabonese Blood Transfusion Centre, from June to August 2020. After taking informed consent, a total of 1610 replacements and voluntaryblood donors were screened for HBsAg, using Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) and Chemiluminescence-based assay. We conducted a systematic literature review of proportion of TTIs among blood donors and communityin high burden settings.
Results : The prevalence of HBV infection among first-time donors was 55 per 1,000, and the highest for HBV infectionwere in donations from replacement volunteers. A significant difference was observed between first-time volunteers and the replacement volunteers (p <0.0001). Most of the HBsAg seropositive blood donors, 194, 186, per 1,000, were from northern and northern-western regions, respectively. In addition, we identified 7 risk factors including modes of blood donations, residence in endemic area, male gender, Hematological parameters history, age, occupation and blood donation refusal.
Conclusion: The Seroprevalence of HBVamong Gabonese blood donors in the regions of our study still is considerable. Deferral based on a history of HBVexposure in an endemic area might prevent transfusion risk from an emerging disease in the HBVendemic area.
Investigation Of Genetic Diversity Of Different Rapeseed (brassica napus l.) Genotypes And Yield Prediction Using Machine Learning Models
Authors: Norouzi Mohamad Amin , Ahangar Leila , Payghamzadeh Kamal , Sabouri Hossein , Sajadi Sayed Javad
Published: June 2023

Background Seed yield is controlled by additive and non-additive effects of genes, so predicting seed yield is one of the most important goals of rapeseed breeding in agricultural research. However, there is less information about the yield estimation of canola using neural network. In this research, three models of Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) neural network, Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural network and Support Vector Machine (SVM) were used to predict rapeseed yield. Network training was performed using phenological, morphological, yield and yield components, as well as data obtained from molecular markers of 8 genotypes and 56 hybrids.
Results The obtained from the comparison of the efficiency of the models showed that the MLP model was able to predict the hybrid yield with the RMSE, MAE and R2 equal to 226, 183 and 92% and the use of phenotypic data as model inputs in direct crosses with the highest accuracy. In the genetic evaluation section, according to the indicators obtained, it was found that molecular study is a powerful tool that can provide valuable information to the breeder. The results showed that among the 40 primers investigated, the ISJ10 primer had more resolving power than the other primers.
Conclusions The use of molecular and phenotypic data as input data in the model showed that the MLP model had a lower error value in terms of RMSE and MAE and a higher R2 than direct crosses in predicting the performance of reciprocal crosses. The proposed neural network model makes it possible to estimate the performance of each of the hybrids of the parents studied before crossing, which helps the breeder to focus on the best possible hybrids.
Enhancing cotton tolerance to cold and drought stress: A protective role of SikCOR413PM1 gene overexpression
Authors: Mei Wang , Lepeng Wang , Xiangxue Yu , Jingyi Zhao , Zhijia Tian , Xiaohong Liu , Guoping Wang , Li Zhang , Xinyong Guo
Published: June 2023

This study explores the potential role of the SikCOR413PM1 gene, isolated from Saussurea involucrata (Kar Kir.), in enhancing cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) tolerance to cold and drought stress through transgenic methods. We found that overexpressing SikCOR413PM1 in cotton plants led to increased relative water content, reduced malondialdehyde content and relative conductivity, and elevated proline and soluble sugar levels as osmotic regulators. These findings suggest that SikCOR413PM1 can minimize cell membrane damage and boost plant stability under challenging conditions. Additionally, overexpression of this gene upregulated antioxidant enzyme-related genes in transgenic cotton plants, resulting in enhanced enzyme activity, lowered peroxide content, and reduced oxidative stress. SikCOR413PM1 overexpression also modulated the expression of stress-related genes (GhDREB1A, GhDREB1B, GhDREB1C, GhERF2, GhNAC3, and GhRD22). In field trials, transgenic cotton plants with SikCOR413PM1 overexpression displayed higher yields and increased environmental resistance. Our study concludes that SikCOR413PM1 can regulate stress-related genes, osmotic adjustment factors, and peroxide content while preserving cell membrane stability and improving cotton tolerance to low-temperature and drought conditions.
Parabiosis reinvigorates age-related bone quality through Wnt/β-catenin signaling
Authors: Feng Ruibing , Yu Tiantian , Duan Xiaofeng , Wu Gang , Huang Yong , Hu Hao
Published: June 2023

Pathological changes, including increased bone loss and osteoporosis, accompany aging. The heterochronic parabiosis model is commonly used to study aging. Parabiosis is a surgical procedure of joining two animals to share blood circulation The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is essential in osteoblast differentiation and in regulating the bone tissue to rejuvenate the aged phenotype. In this research we aim to determine the effect of parabiosis on bone loss and osteoblast differentiation to understand the mechanism of bone loss. The serum markers of bone loss, biomechanics, radiography, histology, and related proteins were examined after three months of surgery. Our results demonstrate that heterochronic parabiosis reversed the aged bone loss phenotype and reduced osteogenic capacity by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Our results explain the therapeutic mechanism of young circulation and provide evidence for the clinical treatment of bone loss related to aging.
Novel compound heterozygous OBSCN variants in Chinese children with congenital pulmonary airway malformation
Authors: Da Min , Xu Jiali , Ma Siyu , Yang Zhaocong , Xu Yang , Qi Jirong , Mo Xuming
Published: June 2023

The etiology of congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) has not been well described. In this study, whole-exome sequencing (WES) technology was used to sequence 9 CPAM families to screen the pathogenic genes and their mutations for CPAM. Sanger sequencing was performed for verify the functions of these mutations. We found compound heterozygous mutations in OBSCN gene in two patients with CPAM: one with p.G8837A mutation from her father and p.G1126S mutation from her mother; the other with p.R5167W mutation from his father and p.A7475T mutation from his mother. Then we explored the expression of OBSCN during mouse lung development, confirming that the gene mainly acts on the pseudoglandular stage. In summary, OBSCN may be a pathogenic gene of CPAM.
Soil properties influence on diversity and structures of dominant woody species in riparian forests in Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Borisade Tolulope , Odiwe Anthony I. , Uwalaka Nelson O. , Oyedeji Ayodele
Published: June 2023

Interplay between soil variables with structural and diversity indices of riparian vegetation needs to be explicated towards the conservation of this highly productive riparian forest ecosystems amidst pronounced anthropogenic activities in Southwestern Nigeria. The study was carried out in Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria. Nine sites were used for this study, within each site, ten plots (0.25 ha in size) were marked out and each plot was placed systematically, giving a total of 90 plots. Ten soil samples were collected in each plot at top (0-15 cm) and sub (15-30 cm) soil levels using soil auger and to analysed for the physicochemical properties. Woody species were identified and classified. Euphorbiaceae and Apocynaceae are the most occurring families with Musanga cecropioides, Pterocarpus santalinoides, Rothmannia hispida and Jateorhiza macrantha being dominant in the riparian sites. The soil variables correlated positively with structural parameters markedly density rather than diversity indices across study sites. Soil pH, P, TOC, OM were key edaphic factors that affected the vegetation dynamics of these ecosystems. Policies and decision making should take cognisance of these key nutrients supporting dominant species, towards conservation amidst ecological succession ongoing across the riparian forest sites.
Analytical solution for the periodic motion of a SDOF gear nonlinear system
Authors: Liu Yang , Hu Xiuli , Qi Shiyuan , Yu Guangbin
Published: June 2023

The present study employs the generalized harmonic balance method (GHB) to obtain an approximate analytical solution for a class of single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) nonlinear dynamic systems, which can be used to analyze gear transmission system with backlash. The accuracy of the analytical solution can be controlled by the number of harmonic terms. Bifurcations diagrams of harmonic amplitudes versus the amplitude of dynamic transmission error (DTE) are obtained by the GHB, and the influence of DTE on the stability and bifurcations of the nonlinear transmission system is also discussed. The stable intervals and bifurcations of periodic motions of the system are discussed in detail through the analysis of eigenvalues. It is found that Hopf bifurcations (HB) exist on the intersections of the stable and unstable branches, which can lead to changes in the topological structure of the system's periodic motion. The study also analyzes the stable and unstable period-1 motion of the system and provides time-histories displacement and trajectories, as well as harmonic amplitude and phase diagrams to illustrate the details of periodic motions.
Factors improving overall survival in breast cancer patients with leptomeningeal disease (LMD): A single institutional retrospective review.
Authors: Wallace Gerald , Kundalia Ronak , Cao Biwei , Kim Youngchul , Smalley Inna , Forsyth Peter , Soyano Aixa , Pina Yolanda
Published: June 2023

Background
Breast cancer-related leptomeningeal disease (BC-LMD) is a dire diagnosis for 5–8% of patients with breast cancer (BC). We conducted a retrospective review of BC-LMD patients diagnosed at Moffitt Cancer Center (MCC) from 2011–2020, to determine the changing incidence of BC-LMD, which factors impact progression of BC CNS metastasis to BC-LMD, and which factors affect OS for patients with BC-LMD
Methods
Patients with BC and brain/spinal metastatic disease were identified. For those who eventually developed BC-LMD, we used Kaplan-Meier survival curve, log-rank test, univariable, and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model to identify factors affecting time from CNS metastasis to BC-LMD and OS.
Results
128 cases of BC-LMD were identified. The proportion of BC-LMD to total BC patients was higher between 2016–2020 when compared to 2011–2015. Patients with HR + or HER2 + BC experienced longer times between CNS metastasis and LMD than patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Systemic therapy and whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT) prolonged progression to LMD in all patients. Hormone therapy in patients with HR + BC delayed BC-CNS metastasis to LMD progression. Lapatinib delayed progression to LMD in patients with HER2 + BC. Patients with TNBC-LMD had shorter OS compared to those with HR + and HER2 + BC-LMD. Systemic therapy, intrathecal (IT) therapy, and WBRT prolonged survival for all patients. Lapatinib and trastuzumab improved OS in patients with HER2 + BC-LMD.
Conclusions
Increasing rates of BC-LMD provide treatment challenges and opportunities for clinical trials. Trials testing lapatinib and/or similar tyrosine kinase inhibitors, IT therapies, and combination treatments are urgently needed.
Between Now and Later: A Mixed Methods Study of HPV Vaccination Delay Among Chinese Caregivers in Urban Chengdu, China
Authors: Yim Vivian Wan-Cheong , Wang Qianyun , Li Yifan , Qin Chuanyun , Tang Weiming , Tang Shenglan , Jit Mark , Smith Jennifer S. , Larson Heidi J. , Tucker Joseph D. , Li Jing , Lin Leesa , Wu Dan
Published: June 2023

Background: Adolescent girls in China have a low HPV vaccination rate. Although vaccination is recommended by the Chinese health authorities, the cost is not covered by the national immunisation programme. Vaccination delay, among other reasons such as supply shortage and poor affordability, may contribute to low uptake. This sequential mixed methods study aimed to identify potential factors of delayed HPV vaccination among Chinese adolescent girls.
Methods: Quantitative data about the attitudes and perceptions of HPV vaccination were collected from 100 caregivers of 14–18-year-old girls using an online survey in Chengdu, China. The survey data informed a subsequent qualitative study using four focus group discussions. We conducted a descriptive analysis of the survey data and a thematic analysis of the qualitative data. The findings were interpreted using a health behaviour model adapted from the Health Belief Model and the Andersen’s Behavioural Model for Health Services Use.
Results: A total of 100 caregivers – 85 were mothers and 15 were fathers – participated in the survey; 21 caregivers joined focus group discussions. When asked about their intended course of action if the 9vHPV vaccine was out-of-stock, 74% chose to delay until the 9vHPV vaccine is available while 26% would consider 2vHPV or 4vHPV vaccines or seek alternative ways to procure the vaccine. Qualitative results confirmed that caregivers preferred delaying HPV vaccination for adolescent girls. The intent to delay was influenced by systemic barriers such as supply shortage, inadequate health communication, and individual-level factors such as a preference for the 9vHPV vaccine, safety concerns, and the belief that adolescents were unlikely to be sexually active.
Conclusion: In urban areas, Chinese caregivers’ intent to delay vaccination in favour of 9vHPV vaccine over receiving the more accessible options was influenced by a mix of individual and contextual factors. Focussed health communication strategies are needed to accelerate HPV vaccination among adolescents.
Sex-Disparities in Chest Pain Workup: A Retrospective Cohort Review of a University Based Clinical Decision Pathway
Authors: Titus Benjamin , Ream Karen , Rehman Tehreem , Allen Larry
Published: June 2023

Background
Females have historically lower rates of cardiovascular testing when compared to males. Clinical decision pathways (CDP) that utilize standardized risk-stratification methods may balance this disparity. We sought to determine whether clinical decision pathways could minimize sex-based differences in the non-invasive workup of chest pain in the emergency department (ED). Moreover, we evaluated whether the HEART score would minimize sex-based differences in risk-stratification.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort review of adult ED encounters for chest pain where CDP was employed. Primary outcome was any occurrence of non-invasive imaging (coronary CTA, stress imaging), invasive testing, intervention (PCI or CABG), or death. Secondary outcomes were 30-day major adverse cardiac events (MACE). We stratified HEART scores and primary/secondary outcomes by sex.
Results
A total of 1078 charts met criteria for review. Mean age at presentation was 59 years. Females represented 47% of the population. Low, intermediate, and high-risk patients as determined by the HEART score were 17%, 65%, and 18% of the population, respectively, without any significant differences between males and females. Non-invasive testing was similar between males and females when stratified by risk. Males categorized as high risk underwent more coronary angiogram (33% vs 16%, p = 0.01) and PCI (18% vs 8%, p = 0.04) than high risk females, but this was not seen in patients categorized as low or intermediate risk. Males experienced more MACE than females (9% vs 4%, p = 0.001).
Conclusions
We identified no sex-based differences in risk-stratification or non-invasive testing when the CDP was used. High risk males, however, underwent more coronary angiogram and PCI than high risk females, and consequently males experienced more overall MACE than females. This disparity may be explained by sex-based differences in the pathophysiology driving each patient’s presentation.
Screening of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis signature genes and analysis of correlation with immune cells
Authors: Xiaojiang Hu , Romani Manini Daudi , Liu Jiuming , Yanbing Li , Yingqing Lu , Qile Gao
Published: June 2023

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is characterized by atypical clinical symptoms, difficulty in diagnosis, a high rate of disability, and a high mortality rate. Early EPTB diagnosis aids recovery. The gold standard for EPTB diagnosis needs surgery, puncture, and other invasive testing to collect a lesion sample for mycobacterium tuberculosis culture and Xpert. However, early diagnosis of EPTB has been challenging due to the lack of specificity and inability of current diagnostic methods to differentiate between active and latent EPTB infections. As a result, there is an urgent clinical need to develop new methods to improve the early detection of EPTB. In this study, we employed bioinformatics and machine learning methods to identify EPTB hallmark genes. Furthermore, we looked at the relationship between these genes and immune cell infiltration. We obtained 97 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from the analysis. The genes were split into 14 modules by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Six of the intersecting genes, GBP5, UBE2L6, IFITM3, SERPING1, C1QB, and FCGR1B, were identified as EPTB hub genes at final screening using the last absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and random Forest. The presence of some immune cells in EPTB correlated with the expression of these genes.
Reference Range for Glycated Haemoglobin in Full Term Antenatal Women- a Multicentric Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Chellamma Jayakumari , V Jayakumar R , Nair Abilash , C Nirmala , Jabbar Puthiyaveettil Khadar , P Vijayan C , Babu Asha , Gopi Anjana
Published: June 2023

Background: There are no large studies to define the normal value of Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) measured in full term pregnant women.
Research Design and Methods: The study was conducted at three government hospitals in South India. Clinical data, maternal blood sample and foetal cord blood sample were collected from women admitted for safe confinement. Mean (± SD) of HbA1c in participants with no known diabetes (gestational or pregestational) or any complications (maternal or fetal) is described, 2.5th to 97.5th centile reference range was derived.
Results: From 3 centres, 2004 women participated in the study. Data from 1039 participants who had no history of diabetes or any maternal or fetal complication were used to determine the reference range for HbA1c at term pregnancy. The mean HbA1c in subjects devoid of diabetes and its known complications was 5.0 (± 0.38) %. The reference range for normal HbA1c at term in these women was found to be 4.3 to 5.9 %. Maternal HbA1c at term pregnancy in non-diabetic pregnant women is associated with pre pregnancy BMI, maternal age and 2-hour plasma glucose level of 2nd trimester oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).
Conclusions: The mean HbA1c at term pregnancy in non-diabetic women admitted for safe confinement is 5.00 (± 0.38) %. An HbA1c of 5.9 % or more at term should be considered abnormal and women with such a value may be kept at a close surveillance for development of diabetes.
Fabrication of AlN/Cu composite structure via laser metallization assisted direct bonding technology
Authors: Song Yanyu , Chen Naibin , Wang Ningning , Zhu Haitao , Fei Jingming , An Qi , Liu Duo , Tan Caiwang , Song Xiaoguo
Published: June 2023

In this work, an innovative and cost-effect method was proposed to fabricate AlN/Cu composite structure. The AlN ceramic was metallized by nanosecond laser irradiation without consuming extra materials. The metallurgical combination between AlN ceramic and Cu was successfully achieved based on the Al-Cu eutectic reaction at a relatively low temperature of 620 ℃. Under the laser irradiation, the AlN ceramic was thermal decomposed to form Al laeyer and microgroove. As the laser power increased, more Al was produced on the the ceramic surface and the micgroove became deeper. The microstructure, mechanical and heat transfer properties of the AlN/Cu joints were investigated. The maximum shear strength of the joint was 11.25MPa when the laser power was 56 W, and the maximum thermal conductivity was 162 W/(m·K) when the laser power was 42 W. The approach of laser-induced direct metallization of ceramics in this work provides a novel strategy for the integration of ceramics/metals composite structures.
Comparing the effects and application of telemedicine in emergency medicine for different medical specialties using the Emergency Talk Application in the U-Sim ETA Trial
Authors: O'Sullivan Seán Francis , Schneider Henning
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
Telemedicine as a technology can support processes in the field of emergency medicine (EM) including therapies and diagnostics, but technically is often based on hardware solutions for local EM structures, especially when involving the field of pre-hospital EM. By developing an open-source, data protection compliant solution (EU GDPR and HIPAA) as well as using standardized web and open-source based technology the Emergency Talk Application (ETA) can be used as a technology that can connect emergency medical providers and include already available regional structures. By actively involving patients and connecting these with emergency or urgent care physicians ETA can be used not only as a teleconsultation system for paramedics and physicians, but in a wider network.
Methods:
Randomised simulation trial, comparing EM scenarios from the field of internal medicine, trauma and neurology. Participants were qualified as certified paramedics or emergency physicians (EP). Paramedics performed as ambulances crews and involved an EP if needed via ETA as Tele-Emergency Physicians (TEP). EP participated from a device of their choice, while being able to stay within their clinical workspace.
Results: From 141 scenarios 129 used ETA. Significant differences were found for the length of scenarios, duration of time the TEP was on scene, TEP arrival after scenario start, duration until TEP was called and the duration until a diagnosis was made. Also a strong positive and significant correlation between duration of the scenario and the time a Tele-Emergency Physician (TEP) was bound could be described.
Discussion:
Telemedicine is a technology that is increasingly used in the field of EM. Improving the use of telemedicine by using up-to date technology while allowing an integration of available technical and human resources is a challenge in the field of emergency medicine especially with its regional but also broad medical variety. When using one technical solution, understanding that different cases need a different medical and also telemedical approach can help in the understanding and improving therapies, diagnostics but also the involved processes and solutions. Such results are not only relevant for healthcare providers but especially by law and decision makers as to which type of solution could be introduced in each regional setting.