bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Religion, Culture, and Education on Perception of Climate Change and its Implications: Applying Causal Inference in Statistics
Authors: Nakayama Mikiyasu , Sasaki Daisuke , Uakeia Takuia , Seru Jennifer , Vila Cheryl , Bilimon Mylast , McKay Yolanda
Published: January 2025

This study examines the causal relationships between factors related to religion, culture, and education that influence perceptions about climate change in the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) and Kiribati. Building on previous research that identified these three domains as important, this study utilizes Bayesian networks to uncover deeper connections between specific variables. Questionnaire data were collected from university students in both countries and analyzed using the R package “bnlearn” to construct Bayesian networks. Key variables from each domain were selected based on prior structural equation modeling studies. The resulting networks revealed complex interconnections between religion, culture, and education in shaping climate change perceptions. While some similarities exist between the two countries, notable differences emerged in the relationships between variables. In the RMI, certain climate perception variables appeared more isolated, while in Kiribati they showed broader connections to religious and cultural factors. These findings suggest that the underlying structure of influences on climate change perceptions may differ between the two island nations, despite surface similarities. The Bayesian network approach provides new insights into the causal pathways between domains that were not apparent in previous analyses. This deeper understanding of how religion, culture, and education interact to shape climate perspectives can inform more targeted and effective climate change communication and education efforts in the Pacific island communities.
The Great Kanto Earthquake and U.S.–Japan Relations: Japanese Students’ Thank-You Letters Sent to the United States and Their Implications for International Disaster Risk Reduction Cooperation
Authors: Kawauchi Atsushi , Chubachi Natsuko , Yoshino Ken , Ono Soraya , Ono Yuichi
Published: January 2025

After the 1923 Great Kanto Earthquake, Japan received international humanitarian aid from many countries, most notably from the U.S. The U.S. provided an “unprecedented deployment of humanitarian aid,” which was unusual for conventional U.S. international humanitarian assistance. The U.S. aimed to improve the U.S.–Japan relationship, seizing this disaster assistance as an opportunity. In various ways, Japan expressed gratitude to the U.S., including through 744 thank-you letters from Japanese students, confirmed by the authors for the first time. The authors analyzed these letters and discovered that they not only expressed the students’ gratitude for the U.S. support but also their wish to promote friendship between Japan and the U.S. and to achieve world peace. The U.S. aid following the Great Kanto Earthquake and the Japanese students’ thank-you letters exemplify “disaster diplomacy.” These letters indicate that disaster diplomacy involves not only direct disaster relief, but also efforts to strengthen friendly relations between people of the two nations.
Analysis the Impact of ChatGPT Usage on Student Learning Productivity in Surakarta City
Authors: Sari Dhany Efita , Yudhanto Rayhan
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze the impact of using ChatGPT on student learning productivity in Surakarta. ChatGPT is increasingly popular among students, especially in Surakarta, as a tool to help them complete their assignments. This study was created to fulfill the need for information about the influence of the use of ChatGPT in the educational environment, especially universities in Surakarta. Although it offers convenience because it can access information very quickly, there are concerns that the use of this technology can inhibit students' critical thinking and plagiarism. This study used a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation and in-depth interviews with students from various universities in Surakarta. The data collected from the results of the analysis of the experiences and challenges in using ChatGPT when doing learning activities. The results show that the use of ChatGPT produces a positive impact on learning productivity, especially to facilitate finding information. However, there are also negative impacts, namely, it can trigger a decrease in creativity and a decrease in the level of critical thinking of students. The results of this study are expected to help provide information that the use of ChatGPT or other artificial intelligence is not always bad for education, it must be further socialized for future technologies that can be useful for the advancement of Indonesian education.
Students’ psychological needs’ frustration in Physical Education and intention to be physically active from a person-centred approach
Authors: González-Peño Alba , Franco Evelia , Ocete Carmen , Coterón Javier
Published: January 2025

Although the benefits associated with physical activity have been evidenced, levels of physical activity among adolescents are still low. Physical Education classes seem to be the ideal context to promote the development of active lifestyles in students, so promoting their motivation will be fundamental. This study aims to establish profiles of Physical Education students according to their basic psychological need frustration and to explore the relationship between these profiles and the intention to be physically active depending on whether they practiced extracurricular physical activity. A total of 580 students participated, 413 of whom were engaged in out-of school physical activity, by completing a validated questionnaire. A cluster analysis was performed including the variables autonomy, competence, and relatedness frustration. The results showed the existence of three profiles (high, medium, and low frustration). Differences were found in the intention to be physically active as a function of extracurricular physical activity. Findings suggested that the detrimental role of basic psychological need frustration in Physical Education may be more evident among those students who already engage in physical activity.
Políticas públicas para la promoción de la salud mental en adolescentes en Iberoamérica: una revisión sistemática
Authors: López-Gamboa Galo E. , Pinto-Sosa Jesús E.
Published: January 2025

La salud mental refiere el equilibrio de diferentes áreas de la vida que implican elementos cognitivos, de conducta, biopsicosociales que impactan en la calidad de vida y las relaciones de los individuos. Si bien los problemas de salud mental están presentes en todos los grupos sociales y etarios, es la adolescencia en donde se concentran las principales afectaciones a la misma. Por ello, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue realizar una revisión sistemática de la literatura para identificar y analizar las políticas públicas en función de la promoción de la salud mental en los adolescentes de Iberoamérica. Se empleó la metodología PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) para la realización transparente y adecuada de revisiones sistemáticas. Se seleccionaron 18 textos que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y calidad establecidos. Los resultados enfatizan que la mayoría de las acciones, propuestas e iniciativas de políticas públicas de salud mental se centran principalmente en servicios de atención médica pública y gratuita que ofrecen los gobiernos nacionales. Se identificó una ausencia de involucramiento de otros sectores, como el educativo, y la falta de un enfoque multi, interdisciplinario o transversal sobre los problemas de salud mental. Además, la legislación y los marcos normativos se han mantenido constantes en los últimos diez años y existe muy poco o nulo seguimiento en la implementación de políticas de salud mental en Iberoamérica.
Anatomy and Pathology of the L5 Exiting Nerve in the Lumbosacral Spine
Authors: Chen Kuo-Tai , Chen Chien-Min
Published: January 2025

The surgical anatomy of the lumbosacral spine junction is different from that of the other rostral levels. Its unique anatomy makes the L5 exiting nerve vulnerable to compression. The limited space might restrict surgical decompression of the L5 exiting nerve. Therefore, it is mandatory to recognize the anatomical features around the L5 exiting root. This narrative review introduces the essential surgical anatomy regarding the L5-S1 neural foramen and extraforaminal structures.
Extramedullary Spinal Tumor Excision With the Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Spine Surgery Technique
Authors: Hsu Shao-Keh , Lee Lunghsing
Published: January 2025

Minimally invasive surgery is being increasingly used in numerous surgical procedures, and the management of intraspinal lesions is no exception. For spinal lesions, extensive muscle splitting and bony destruction induce fibrotic pain and spinal instability, increasing the possibility of unnecessary spinal fusion and fixation. The unilateral biportal endoscopic spine surgery technique (UBESST) is increasingly popular in minimally invasive spine surgery because it has wider indications for spine diseases and a freer view independent of surgical instruments. Herein, we introduce an alternative option where UBESST is used to manage extramedullary spinal lesions and avoid complications.
Multimodal biomarker based on eye movement complexity and pupil diameter in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Ueno Ayumu , Nobukawa Sou , Shirama Aya
Published: January 2025

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorders without established biomarkers. Pupil diameter, regulated by the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) system, and eye movements controlled by diverse brain regions exhibit specific patterns in patients with ADHD due to abnormal activity in these brain regions. Previous studies reported that patients with ADHD have larger pupil diameters and reduced temporal complexity. However, although eye movement complexity has been associated with major movement disorders in previous studies, its relevance in conditions without primary movement disorders, such as ADHD, remains unclear. In this context, we hypothesised that eye movement complexity would provide a more comprehensive understanding of eye movements in ADHD. This study aimed to analyse eye movement complexity in patients with ADHD using multiscale entropy analysis and examine its diagnostic utility alongside pupil size. The results showed that patients with ADHD had less complex eye movements and larger pupil diameters, consistent with prior findings. Moreover, combining these features enhanced the accuracy of ADHD diagnosis. These findings support the potential of a multimodal approach for diagnosing adult ADHD, potentially improving clinical diagnostic accuracy.
Spatiotemporal variation of vegetation and its responses to climate change in Pakistan from 2001 to 2021
Authors: Ullah Khan Hidayat , Wang Hong , Liu Weihong , . Hina , Hanchor Uraiwan , Zhang Zhiming
Published: January 2025

Changes in vegetation cover and its relationship with climate factors are crucial for ecosystem stability, especially in arid and semiarid regions like Pakistan. However, the impact of temperature and precipitation fluctuations on vegetation dynamics in these regions remains uncertain. Pakistan's unique ecology and complex climate-vegetation relationships make it an ideal location for studying vegetation changes. This study examines changes in vegetation coverage and its response to climatic factors (temperature and precipitation) from 2001 to 2021. This study utilized satellite data from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) at a 250m spatial resolution and statistical analyses, including correlation calculations and multiple linear regression. We aimed to practically investigate whether and why vegetation distributes imbalanced along the entire country,is essential for adaptation to global climate change. The findings highlight (1) a notable upward trend in mean Normalized Different Vegetation Index (NDVI) over the past 21 years, with a significant increase from 0.19 to 0.33, indicating an overall enhancement; (2) the NDVI analysis reveals that about 32% of area exhibits an increasing trend, with high vegetation health, while other areas show a declining trend; (3) the results indicate that NDVI increased across Pakistan's. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab, and Kashmir showed increasing NDVI, with 27% slight development and 9% dramatic development. In contrast, Baluchistan, Gilgit-Baltistan, and Sindh experienced NDVI degradation, with 63% slight degradation and 1% dramatic degradation; (4) the results show that precipitation is the main driver of vegetation growth in Pakistan, accounting for 70% of variability, while temperature contributes around 30%. Overall, this study improves our understanding of Pakistan's changing vegetation, identifying key factors and informing strategies for sustainable ecosystem management and climate change adaptation.
Periparturient high-fat diet supplementation improves hematological indices, milk biochemical composition and productive performance of Goats (Capra hircus)
Authors: Talib Nimra , Yaseen Anjaleena , Kausar Rehana , Mubashir Yasin , Rashid Ehsan , Sameen Aysha , Mazhar Muhammad Usman , Hameed Amjad , Chughtai Muhammad Ismail , Hussain Tarique
Published: January 2025

Rumen bypass fat (RBF) is increasingly recognized as a valuable energy source for dairy animals but their impact on various biochemical and growth performance of kids requires optimizing dietary strategies during the periparturient period in goat farming. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of RBF supplementation on blood plasma and milk composition, as well as productive potential of Beetal goats. The results exhibited that plasma protein and glucose contents of goats and kids showed non-significant (P > 0.05) changes, while plasma calcium level was significantly (P < 0.05) influenced by supplementation in response to control group. Furthermore, RBF supplementation significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced plasma total antioxidant capacity in the T2 group and their kids in relative to control group. Treatments significantly (P < 0.05) improved cholesterol, high-density lipids (HDL) and antioxidant enzyme activities while triglycerides and low-density lipids (LDL), remained unaffected ((P > 0.05) compared with control group. Different levels of treatments significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced kid growth performance in accordance with control group from day 0 to 60 of post-lactation period. In addition, beetal goats treated with 5% RBF demonstrated significantly (P < 0.05) pronounced effects on plasma and milk biochemical indices in relative to control group. The findings offer insights for optimizing dietary management in goat farming practices, emphasizing the importance of considering RBF supplementation for improved productivity in goat farming systems.
Resilience and Stability of Wastewater Treatment Plant under Stochastic Influent: A Novel Pollutant-Carbon Synergy Framework
Authors: Cai Chen , Shang Zhenxin , Guo Yanli , Huang Xiangfeng , Peng Kaiming , Guo Ru , Liu Jia
Published: January 2025

Global climate change is increasing the frequency and duration of random environmental variations, placing wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) under dual pressures to remove pollutants and control carbon emissions. This study introduces a novel Coupling Coordination Degree (CCD) index and a time-series generation model to evaluate the synergy between these objectives and analyze the impact of influent stochasticity on the performance, stability, and resilience of various treatment processes. Under similar stochastic influent conditions, the Anaerobic/Anoxic/Oxic-Membrane Bioreactor (A2/O-MBR) and Cyclic Activated Sludge System (CASS) processes demonstrate superior synergy performance compared to the Carrousel Oxidation Ditch (OD) and Anaerobic/Anoxic/Oxic (A2/O). A novel evaluation framework was developed to assess the impact of varying Autocorrelation Coefficient (ACC) values on synergy performance, revealing that as the ACC approaches zero, reduced fluctuation results in more uniform pollutant and capacity loads, which enhances synergy stability. The resilience rankings highlight the advantage of CASS, attributed to its cyclic operation mode, while A2/O-MBR shows greater sensitivity to load fluctuations. This study provides a novel methodological framework for evaluating the resilience and stability of urban infrastructure systems under stochastic conditions and provides insights for infrastructure security and policy development in environmental management.
Engineering Pt-O coordination microenvironment toward an active, durable, and antipoisoning catalyst in CO oxidation
Authors: Luo Yong , Wang Bao-Ju , Zhang Xin , Chen Wenyao , Tan Hongzi , Liao Hai-Long , Zhang Xiangxue , Wang Dingsheng , Duan Xuezhi , Chen Jian-Feng
Published: January 2025

Platinum stands as a leading catalyst for oxidation reactions, with its catalytic performance intricately governed by the fine-tuning of its local coordination environment. In this study, we present an effective Na⁺-decoration strategy to reconstruct and stabilize the Pt-O coordination microenvironment, achieving remarkable enhancements in catalytic efficiency and durability. The Na⁺-stabilized Pt sites, characterized by a reduced Pt-O coordination number (CN), exhibit exceptional CO activation capabilities, delivering catalytic activity 20 times higher than Na+-free Pt atoms supported on ceria. Such decoration also promotes electron migration from Ce3+-oxygen vacancy (OV) defects to PtOx clusters, preserving of a low Pt-O CN even under oxidative conditions, thereby significantly enhancing catalyst stability. Moreover, Na+-decorated Pt sites effectively suppress hydrocarbon adsorption, mitigating hydrocarbon poisoning during CO oxidation. By leveraging alkali cations to modulate Pt-O coordination, this strategy offers a versatile platform for addressing interface oxygen overstabilization of transition-metal atoms, heralding new opportunities in advancing heterogeneous catalysis for oxidation reactions.
Knowledge, Attitudes, Beliefs, and Practices Towards the Causes of Male Infertility Among Urology Outpatients in Abuja Hospitals
Authors: Obilade Titilola T. , Koleoso Peter O. , Eke Oluchi A. , Adeniran Faizat F. , Musa Nabila S. , Ibrahim Sa’adah G.
Published: January 2025

Background: Infertility is a pressing concern globally, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa, where cultural preferences for high fertility exacerbate its impact. While both gender (female and male) factors contribute to infertility, male infertility is often overlooked despite accounting for a significant portion of cases. In Sub-Saharan Africa, infertility prevalence varies widely, with notable percentage (40% – 50%) reported in Nigeria. Cultural norms often place emphasis on male offspring, adding pressure on couples facing infertility. Despite its profound psychosocial impact, infertility care, especially for men, is limited in developing countries like Nigeria. This study explored the knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices towards the causes of male infertility amongst urology outpatients in Wuse District Hospital (WDH) and Asokoro District Hospital (ADH), Abuja, Nigeria.
Methods:A quantitative study was carried out amongst urology outpatients in ADH and WDH. Pre-tested questionnaires were distributed to 200 male urology outpatients. The study was analyzed by summary statistics and a test of association (Chi-square test) was carried out with SPSS 20.
Results: Respondents demonstrated a modest understanding of the factors that contribute to male infertility (130 (67.40%)), with only a small percentage exhibiting good knowledge (15 (7.8%)). Low sperm count and the impact of sexually transmitted infections were widely recognized, misconceptions regarding supernatural causes like witchcraft persisted among a significant proportion of respondents (58(30.40%)). Attitudes towards male infertility varied, with a notable proportion expressing openness and reduced stigma surrounding the condition. The majority of respondents advocated for joint investigation of infertility issues within couples, indicating a shared responsibility approach. Practices related to seeking help for male infertility revealed a preference for spiritual interventions over medical treatments, reflecting the strong influence of religion in Nigeria.
Conclusions: The study’s outcomes reflect the complexity of beliefs and practices surrounding male infertility in the study population, emphasizing the necessity of culturally competent healthcare practices and focused educational initiatives to dispel misconceptions and promote reproductive health literacy.
The Prognostic Implications of CD15 Antigen Expression in patients with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Li Zhen , Xu Jiegang , Liu Shixue , Tan Ya , Wang Ping , Wang Li , Xu Shuangnian
Published: January 2025

The prognostic significance of CD15 antigen in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has been evaluated with conflicting results in various studies. However, existing results are limited and further investigation into additional prognostic parameters is necessary. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of CD15 antigen on survival prognosis in patients with de novo AML (dn-AML). We analyzed CD15 antigen expression on diagnostic samples from 676 patients with dn-AML by flow cytometry. Utilizing a 20% positivity threshold, the cohort was stratified into CD15 positivity (56.07%) and CD15 negativity (43.93%) groups. The CD15 negativity group demonstrated a lower complete remission rate (P = 0.006), a higher relapse rate (P = 0.002) and increased mortality (P<0.001) compared to the CD15 positivity group. According to the log-rank test, the CD15 negativity group exhibited significantly shorter overall survival (OS) (P<0.001) and disease-free survival (DFS) (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis identified CD15-positivity, TP53 mutation, European Leukemia Net (ELN) risk category, bone marrow transplant status, white blood cell (WBC) count and hemoglobin levels as independent prognostic factors associated with OS. A visualized nomogram was developed to predict OS and demonstrating notable performance with a C-index of 0.778. Compared to the ELN risk model, calibration plots and decision curve analyses indicated superior discrimination, calibration and net benefits. The time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival also performed robustly (AUC = 0.256, 0.154, and 0.126 respectively). Our study provides a comprehensive perspective on the role of CD15 antigen as an independent prognostic marker in dn-AML patients. This prognostic model leverages readily available clinical data to enhance predictive accuracy, identify potential risks and support AML therapeutic decision-making.
Exclusive Human Milk Diet Is Associated with Lower Risk of Motor Function Impairment by Three Years of Age
Authors: Chou Fu-Sheng , Zhang Jing , Villosis Maria Fe , Lakshmanan Ashwini
Published: January 2025

Objectives:
To evaluate the association of an exclusive human milk diet (EHMD) with motor function by three years of corrected age among infants born at less than 32 weeks of gestation.
Methods:
We conducted a retrospective study between 2018 and 2021. Infants who received an EHMD for > 75% of days between first day of diet fortification and 33 6/7 weeks postmenstrual age were assigned to the EHMD group. We used inverse propensity sores to balance potential confounders and developed a mixed-effects logistic regression model to assess the association.
Results:
After adjusting for demographics and morbidities, an EHMD was found to be associated with a reduced risk of motor function impairment, with an odds ratio of 0.74 (95% confidence interval of 0.56–0.98, p-value = 0.033).
Conclusions:
An EHMD is associated with a decrease in early childhood motor function impairment among infants born at less than 32 weeks of gestation.
Qu-Shi-Jie-Du decoction for prevention of recurrence and metastasis in high-risk stage II/III colon cancer: Study protocol for a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Chen Ya-dong , He Zi-yan , Zhao Wen-jie , He Yi-han , Liu Yi-hong , Zhu Yan-juan , Yu Ya-ya , Xiao Zhen-zhen , Chang Xue-song , Liu Zong-bin , Zhang Hai-bo
Published: January 2025

Background
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common and fatal cancers worldwide. Despite therapeutic advancements, patients with stage II and III colon cancer often experience recurrences and metastases, particularly to the liver, leading to suboptimal disease-free survival rates and decreased long-term survival. Qu-Shi-Jie-Du decoction (QSJDD), a traditional Chinese herbal formula, may prevent cancer recurrence and spread by boosting immunity, reducing inflammation, and inhibiting tumour growth. Preliminary studies have demonstrated that QSJDD reduces liver metastasis in patients with colon cancer. However, robust clinical evidence is required to confirm its efficacy and safety. This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of QSJDD in preventing colon cancer recurrence and liver metastasis, thereby offering a potential adjunctive therapy to improve patient outcomes.
Methods
This multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial includes 336 high-risk patients with stage II or III colon cancer from 10 hospitals across China. After surgery and chemotherapy (fluorouracil monotherapy, CAPEOX or mFOLFOX6), 168 patients will be randomised to either the intervention (QSJDD compound granules) or placebo group. The treatment lasts for 6 months, followed by a 3-year follow-up period with assessments conducted every 6 months. The primary endpoint is the 3-year disease-free survival rate, whereas the secondary endpoints include 1- and 2-year relapse rates, overall survival, and variations in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Dampness Syndrome Scale. Safety outcomes including adverse events, will also be monitored. Additionally, the blood and gut microbiomes of patients will be analysed to investigate the effect of QSJDD in delaying the metastasis of colon cancer.
Discussion
This trial will determine the efficacy and safety of QSJDD and provide evidence regarding its role in the adjuvant treatment of colon cancer.
Trial registration
Chictr.org.cn Identifier: ChiCTR2300078971. Registered on 22nd December 2023.
Ontogeny of Inflorescences and Flowers in the Brownea Clade (Fabaceae: Detarioideae): A morphologically diverse lineage of legumes
Authors: Rodrigues Ana Tereza Novaes Parga , Falcão Marcus José Azevedo , Mansano Vidal de Freitas
Published: January 2025

The subfamily Detarioideae stands out among legumes as a clade with remarkable diversity in floral morphology. Within this subfamily, the Brownea clade, characterized by its Neotropical distribution, exhibits significant meristic variability in the perianth, androecium, and gynoecium. These structures vary in size, shape, color, and pubescence. This floral diversity is associated with different pollination syndromes, including entomophily, ornithophily, and chiropterophily. Despite the monophyly of the Brownea clade, the phylogenetic and taxonomic relationships among its seven genera remain inadequately resolved. In such groups, studies on floral ontogeny are crucial to understanding the processes driving variations in floral morphology. These studies also aim to identify potential autapomorphies, synapomorphies, plesiomorphies, and homoplasies that could aid in the systematics of the group. This study aims to expand the understanding of the morphology and development of inflorescences and flowers in six species from five morphologically diverse genera within the Brownea clade. The study provides ontogenetic descriptions of Brownea longipedicellata, Browneopsis macrofoliolata, Heterostemon mimosoides, Macrolobium suaveolens, Paloue paraensis, and Paloue speciosa, comparing these findings with existing studies on Detarioideae. In doing so, it contributes to the broader understanding of floral evolution in the Leguminosae family. In addition to supporting the systematics of the group, the study explores how floral morphological adaptations relate to their respective pollination syndromes. Given the lack of studies addressing the nectariferous nature of flowers in this clade, we also conduct anatomical analyses of the hypanthium in these species to enhance knowledge of their systematics at an anatomical level
Clinical outcomes of Dolutegravir treatment in people living with HIV in Brazil: Protocol for the CODE Cohort
Authors: Brites Carlos , Luz Estela , Stelitano Cristiani , Bahia Fabianna , Lacerda Marcus Vinícius Guimarães , Ramalho Aline , Cardoso Sandra Wagner , Madruga Valdez , Reuter Tânia , Barbosa Alexandre Naime , Speahack Rosa Dea , Bay Monica Baumgardt , Newman Tâmara , Morejon Karen , Patelli Maria , Leal Fábio , Sprinz Eduardo , Murray-Krezan Cristina , Carmody Mary , Anderson Jess , Aragon Alejandro , Chase Benjamin , Zajdenverg Roberto , Jones Bryn , Dutra Fatima , Page Kimberly
Published: January 2025

The Clinical Outcomes of Dolutegravir Treatment in People Living with HIV in Brazil (CODE) cohort study is a multicenter, prospective, observational study designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Dolutegravir (DTG)-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) among people living with HIV across diverse settings in Brazil. With the recent global shift towards DTG as a preferred option for first-line ART, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, there is vital need for comprehensive real-world data to inform its widespread use. CODE aims to fill this knowledge gap by assessing the clinical outcomes of both ART-naïve and ART-experienced patients initiating DTG-based regimens, as well as those who have switched from non-DTG-based ART. The primary objective of this study is to determine the proportion of patients who discontinue DTG due to any adverse events, specifically focusing on metabolic and psychiatric outcomes. Secondary objectives include evaluating the rates of virological suppression, the occurrence of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), changes in body mass index (BMI), and the development of HIV drug resistance. The CODE cohort will enroll approximately 5000 participants from multiple clinical sites across Brazil, including 2500 ART-naïve individuals, 1000 patients switching to DTG-based regimens for various reasons, and a comparator group of 1500 individuals who initiated non-DTG-based ART between 2013 and 2016, before DTG was available in the country. Participants will be followed for up to 36 months, with data collection points at baseline, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months. This study is expected to generate critical insights into the long-term outcomes associated with DTG-based ART, particularly in real-world settings that reflect the complexities of routine clinical care. By providing robust data on the effectiveness and safety of DTG in a diverse patient population, the CODE study aims to contribute to the optimization of HIV treatment strategies both in Brazil and globally.
A Framework for Intelligent Color Processing and Design Optimization in UI/UX Systems
Authors: Yeboah Donald , Osei-Wusu Franco , Asiedu William , Asante George , Antwi Elvis Sarfo , Muntanka Siddique Abubakr , Ackah Ishmael Ampong , Olowookere Ganiyat
Published: January 2025

The increasing demand for engaging UI/UX designs has highlighted the importance of color selection as a critical element influencing user engagement and aesthetics. However, existing design tools such as Figma and Adobe XD lack advanced, context-aware AI functionalities, particularly in areas like automated palette generation, real-time analytics, and beginner-friendly interfaces. These gaps hinder accessibility for novice designers and force reliance on third-party plugins, which can complicate workflows. This study introduces AI-UIX, an AI-driven system that integrates functionalities such as image-based color extraction, palette generation using additive and subtractive models, and AI-powered recommendations through third-party APIs. The system is developed using modular methodologies and evaluated through computational complexity analysis, expert validation rubrics, and user-centered metrics like ease of use and feature relevance. Results showed that AI-UIX significantly enhances design workflows by automating color selection and generating contextually relevant palettes. Expert validation indicated strong accuracy and usability, with over 90% of participants rating the system as highly effective and user-friendly. Furthermore, computational analysis demonstrated linear scalability, making the system adaptable for both novice and advanced designers. AI-UIX addresses key limitations in existing tools and provides a streamlined, intuitive interface that bridges the gap for users with limited design expertise. This innovation has the potential to transform UI/UX design processes and will be further refined based on broader user feedback to extend its capabilities.
A comparison of an intensive short-term dynamic group therapy to a DBT skills group program for people with personality vulnerabilities (a randomised pilot study for feasibility)
Authors: Walker Sarah , Bowman Candice , Hollyer Penelope , Gibson Alastair , Gutjahr Sigrun , Lamb Kristy , Frederickson Jon
Published: January 2025

Background: Intensive short-term dynamic Psychotherapy (ISTDP) is a structured, short-term psychotherapy that focuses on emotional processing and the resolution of internal conflicts. This randomised pilot and feasibility study evaluated the implementation of a novel 12-week group program based on ISTDP model, and compared clinical outcomes in reducing symptoms associated with personality vulnerabilities (e.g., emotion regulation, self-harm). The setting of the study was an Australian Public Hospital Service.
Methods: The study design was a randomised pilot study for feasibility. Participants were consumers who were referred to a brief intervention service for personality disorders. Participants were randomly assigned to either the ISTDP group or DBT group (treatment as usual). Outcome measures included questionnaires (DASS-21, DERS-18, DES-II, DBTWCCL) assessing mood and distress, emotional dysregulation, disassociation, and DBT skill use. Feasibility outcomes, such as recruitment, attrition, and consumer experiences of the therapy, were also evaluated.
Results: A total of 15 participants were recruited, with nine randomly allocated to the ISTDP group and six to the DBT group. Both groups showed improvements in clinical symptoms, including reductions in depression, emotional dysregulation, and dissociation. The ISTDP group also demonstrated a reduction in anxiety and stress. Follow-up surveys indicated that participants found both group interventions relevant, useful, and beneficial for managing their thoughts and emotions.
Conclusion: Both the ISTDP and DBT interventions were well received by participants, and no adverse events were reported, further supporting their potential for implementation in public hospital settings.
Development of the PSI-RAPS-MCRAT method: a hybrid model
Authors: Dua Tran Van
Published: January 2025

This paper presents a study on the MCDM (multiple criteria decision making) hybridization methods. Three MCDM methods are used in the hybridization process: PSI (Preference Selection Index), RAPS (Ranking Alternatives by Perimeter Similarity), and MCRAT (Multiple Criteria Ranking by Alternative Trace). PSI has long been known as an MCDM method, but it has an unexplored utility: the ability to self-calculate the weights for the criteria. Because of this, PSI is also known as an MCDM method that does not require users to calculate the weights for the criteria. RAPS and MCRAT are two MCDM methods that require users to calculate the weights for the criteria. The hybridization of PSI with RAPS and MCRAT aims to use the criteria weights calculated by the PSI method to serve the ranking of alternatives using the RAPS and MCRAT methods. This hybrid model of the three methods is named the PSI-RAPS-MCRAT hybrid model. Thus, applying the PSI-RAPS-MCRAT hybrid model to rank alternatives will generate three sets of ranking results: one from using PSI, one from using PSI-RAPS, and one from using PSI-MCRAT. The accuracy of the PSI-RAPS-MCRAT hybrid model was tested through a specific problem of ranking welding robot types. The number of welding robots to be ranked is seven, while the number of criteria to reflect each type of robot is six. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the accuracy of the proposed model. The lowest being between the PSI method and the PSI-RAPS method at 0.8214, and the highest being between the PSI-RAPS method and the PSI-MCRAT method at 0.9643. The results show that the PSI-RAPS-MCRAT hybrid model has high accuracy. This study has provided a completely new and accurate method in the field of MCDM
Identification of the nature of the formation of surface defects in the body of the pipe intended for the oil and gas industry
Authors: Mammadov Arif , Namazov Subhan , Babayev Agil , Ismailov Nizami , Huseynov Mukhtar , Quliyev Faiq
Published: January 2025

This paper presents the results of studies identifying the nature of the formation of defects in the body of a pipe intended for use in the oil and gas industry.  A close visual examination of the pipe surface was carried out. Films were detected on the outer surface of the pipes, and multiple irregularities in the form of scales were found on the inner surface. Metallographic analysis of these defects demonstrated layer of scale with elevated surface morphology on the outer surface of the film and dense homogeneous oxides without relief in the internal cavity of the film. X-ray examination of the pipe surface revealed the presence of iron oxides such as FeO, Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 in the films. Combination of metallographic investigations enabled assess to the contamination of steel with non-metallic inclusions such as oxides and silicates. It has been established that non-metallic inclusions also contain Ca, Na and Al and they are predominantly single-phase.
Despite the presence of foreign inclusions, the microstructure of the pipe is represented by a homogeneous ferrite-pearlite mixture, characteristic of the hot-deformed state. Ferrite grains have an equiaxial round shape with an average size of 25–30 microns, and the cementite component of the pearlite grains has a lamellar shape. Metallographic studies of defects were also carried out. Views of the outer surface of a pipe fragment in different sections are presented. It has been established that the thickness of the oxide layer on the surface of the film is uneven and varies in the range of 50–100 microns. In the inner areas of metal under the surface of the film accumulations of small (1–5 μm) rounded oxide inclusions of Mn and Si were detected.
Psychology of patient adaptation to the use of artificial intelligence in screening for chronic noncommunicable diseases
Authors: Seliverstov P. V.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Today, the traditional model of medical care is being supplemented and partially replaced by new forms of its implementation. Thus, technologies based on artificial intelligence take over the functions of diagnosis, treatment, screening and monitoring of chronic diseases.

Aim. To develop a medical methodology for remote questionnaire screening of chronic kidney disease in young people to optimize their diagnosis.

Materials and methods. The study involved 3,155 students aged 19.6 ± 1.5 years, of whom 46.9% were men and 53.1% were women. During the medical examination, all participants used a remote questionnaire screening.

Results. A low degree of risk was detected in 57.4%, an average in 30.9%, and a high in 11.7% of the subjects. The patients with the highest frequency are concerned about complaints from the endocrine (28.9%), digestive (21.8%), respiratory (21.1%), cardiovascular (20.1%) and oncological alertness (8.1%). The presence of FR in two or more pathology profiles was determined in 75.7% of the examined patients. Among the most common FR are nine related to the self-assessment of the emotional and personal sphere. 96.6% of the surveyed and 91.7% of the medical staff are satisfied with the telemedicine system.

Conclusions. 1. The use of remote questionnaire screening of HCNH provided wide coverage and high satisfaction with medical services. 2. The system allocates a contingent of subjects with high, medium and low risk, as well as people with critical disabilities in need of priority assistance. 3. The combination of data from anamnestic remote examination and clinical examination improves the quality of medical decision-making and reduces its subjective component. 4. The use of statistical methods has shown good effectiveness of the integrated assessment of health and satisfactory for the detection of chronic kidney disease. 5. The use of remote questionnaire screening of HRH in young people reduces treatment costs and improves the quality of life of patients.
Premenstrual syndrome: A modern view on the problem
Authors: Enkova E. V. , Khoperskaya O. V. , Enkova V. V. , Khoroshikh N. V. , Karpova D. V.
Published: January 2025

Most women of reproductive age (about 80%) experience premenstrual symptoms, which indicate the approaching menstruation and are of little clinical significance, since they do not affect the quality of life. However, some women experience severe physical and/or psychological symptoms before menstruation, which, if left untreated, can lead to a reduced quality of life. The exact etiology and pathogenesis of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) remain unclear. Despite the fact that PMS etiology remains unknown, there are some theories and studies supporting them that inappropriate inflammatory response and oxidative stress may be considered as the causes of occurrence of PMS. Symptoms of premenstrual syndrome can be nonspecific and individual for each specific woman, the diagnosis is made only on the basis of symptoms, pathognomonic hormonal disorders do not exist. Rarely, the symptoms are expressed to an extreme degree and disrupt the ability to work and the rhythm of a woman’s life, then premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) should be assumed, which is often underestimated, and the patient should be recommended to record her symptoms for ≥2 cycles. Usually, the treatment of premenstrual syndrome involves a combination of various methods in order to determine the most effective in each individual case: treatment includes lifestyle changes, micronutrient support, herbal medicine, pharmacotherapy. Drospirenone-containing combined oral contraceptives are first line for PMS and PMDD. Herbal medicines are used as maintenance therapy. Transdermal estradiol and cyclical gestogens in phase 2 of the menstrual cycle can be used as second line hormonal therapy.
Growing up in Hungary - Cohort ’18 Hungarian Birth Cohort Study. Technical report 3. 6-month wave
Authors: Veroszta Zsuzsanna , Boros Julianna , Fábián Ildikó , Kapitány Balázs , Kis Réka , Kopcsó Krisztina , Ökrös Fruzsina , Spéder Zsolt , Szabó Laura
Published: January 2025

Please cite the publication as follows:
Zsuzsanna Veroszta, Julianna Boros, Ildikó Fábián, Balázs Kapitány, Réka Kis, Krisztina Kopcsó, Fruzsina Ökrös, Zsolt Spéder and Laura Szabó (2023): Growing up in Hungary - Cohort ’18 Hungarian Birth Cohort Study. Technical report 3. 6-month wave. Working Papers on Population, Family and Welfare, No. 41 Hungarian Demographic Research Institute, Budapest.
Aprendizaje basado en problemas: una ruta para el desarrollo de competencias científicas en el laboratorio de química orgánica
Authors: Arrieta Palomino Jhajary Andrea , Hernández Barbosa Rubinsten , Casas Hinestroza José Luis
Published: January 2025

El propósito de este escrito se centra en describir una ruta que resalta el valor didáctico de la estrategia Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas para el desarrollo de competencias científicas. Se desarrolló con estudiantes de la Licenciatura en Ciencias Naturales y Educación Ambiental de la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, en la asignatura de química orgánica, específicamente en las prácticas de laboratorio. La experiencia se fundamentó desde la investigación cualitativa, que se caracteriza por ser inductiva, descriptiva e interpretativa; para recabar información, además de la observación, se usaron guías, cuestionarios y matrices de evaluación.  Los resultados permiten señalar que se favoreció, entre otras cosas, el fomento y desarrollo de competencias científicas, ya que la problemática, aspecto central de la estrategia, abre caminos para activar conocimientos previos, posibilita la generación de hipótesis, como también permite reconocer lo que se requiere para resolver el problema para proponer un plan de trabajo guiado por los docentes, en cuyo proceso es necesario la toma de decisiones argumentadas. La evaluación realizada por los estudiantes reconoce la potencia de la estrategia, pero también señala aspectos que pueden ser reconfigurados para próximos trabajos como mayor tiempo para el desarrollo de las actividades.
Estudio comparativo del conocimiento pedagógico de contenido en docentes de educación primaria y media: contribuciones a la formación docente
Authors: Viafara Ortiz Robinson , Tarapues Tapie Jhon Fabio
Published: January 2025

El artículo presenta un estudio comparativo sobre el Conocimiento Pedagógico del Contenido (CPC) de dos docentes de ciencias naturales, uno de educación primaria y otro de educación media, en Cali, Valle del Cauca. El objetivo principal es documentar las características comunes y diferenciadoras del CPC de estos docentes. Para ello, se adoptó una perspectiva de investigación cualitativa con un enfoque de estudio de caso. Se hicieron entrevistas y observaciones de clase utilizando instrumentos como ReCo, PaP-eRs, registros de texto, audio y video para recolectar datos detallados. Los resultados revelan que, ambos docentes comparten una orientación pedagógica constructivista, aunque cada uno de ellos lo aplica desde enfoques diferentes. Esta diferencia en enfoques influye en: sus estrategias de enseñanza; conocimiento del currículo; estrategias de evaluación; y práctica reflexiva continua. Los hallazgos subrayan la importancia de la formación docente tanto en la etapa inicial como continua, destacando la necesidad de crear ambientes de aprendizaje variados y contextualizados. El estudio concluye que comprender y documentar el CPC, en distintos contextos educativos, es crucial para mejorar la formación docente y, en consecuencia, la calidad de la enseñanza de las ciencias.
Komunikacja przez sztukę i komunikacja w sztuce
Authors: Kawecki Witold
Published: January 2025

Z jednej strony komunikowanie było zawsze ważnym aspektem kultury, kultura bowiem sama z siebie jest komunikacją. Z drugiej strony komunikacja tworzy kulturę. Kultura przekazuje z pokolenia na pokolenia „wzory zachowań” czyli pewnego rodzaju „kody”. Kultura i media wzajemnie się przenikają. Media nadają kulturze nową strukturę i porządek, można by rzec nowy status. Ale jest też relacja zawrotna: kultura zmienia i kształtuje wizerunek mediów. Z tego powodu można mówić o kulturotwórczej roli mediów. Tak jak możemy traktować o komunikacji kulturowej, uprawnieni jesteśmy też do tego, by mówić o komunikacji w obrębie sztuki. Dla McLuhana sztuka jest środkiem komunikacji i wyjątkową techniką niepodobną do innych. Sztuka jest przekaźnikiem, a jednocześnie formą poznania i walki z oddziaływaniem innych przekaźników - jest specyficzną formą języka oddziałującą na ludzi przede wszystkim przez swoją istotę, nie zaś przez treść.