bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical characteristic and microstructure of Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy by centrifugal casting for orthopedic implant based on ageing time variations
Authors: Oktikawati Anjar , Riastuti Rini , Damisih Damisih , Nyoman Jujur I , Paul Setiawan Kaban Agus
Published: May 2024

The alternative Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy has gained extensive progression due to its ability to eliminate the cytotoxicity of vanadium (V) in Ti-6Al-4V alloy for orthopedic implants. The production of titanium alloys by centrifugal casting shows significant potential to reduce costs. Heat treatment and aging can tailor the microstructure and improve the corrosion resistance of titanium alloys. This study examines the effects of various ageing times on the microstructure and corrosion resistance of a centrifugal cast Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy that has previously been heated and treated at a temperature of 1050 °C, and subsequently cooled to room temperature in argon atmosphere gas. Ageing was carried out at a temperature of 550 °C with variable times of 0, 4, 6, and 8 hours. The surface morphology, metal phase changes, and electrochemical characterization were tested using an optical microscope (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The basket-weave microstructure is formed where globularization occurs in some phases as ageing time increases. Increasing the FWHM α value is correlated with increasing the amount of α' martensite phase. As an ageing time enhances, the temperature might offer a greater driving constrain for the nucleation and expansion of the lamellar phase (α). Ageing of 8 hours has the lowest corrosion rate, 0.0023 mpy and highest corrosion resistance, 90457 Ω∙cm2, due to the partially bimodal structure and grain refinement with a smallest grain size of 327.87 µm. Tafel polarization results show that all passivated samples are stable in the Solution Body Fluid (SBF). This work can be used as a starting point for developing microstructural evolution in titanium alloys
Determining biochemical qualitative indicators of grapes during long-term storage
Authors: Nabiyev Ahad , Kazimova İlhama , Mammadaliyeva Maryam , Maharramova Sevinj , Nasrullayeva Gunash , Yusifova Mehriban
Published: May 2024

This paper reports a study aimed at determining the biochemical quality indicators of grapes during long-term storage. The object of research was nine table varieties of ripened grapes. These include white varieties – Tabrizi, Karaburnu, White Shasla, Agadai; pink varieties – Nimrang, Marandi Shamakhi, Taifi pink; red varieties – Kyzyl raisins and Hamburg Muscat.
The grapes were stored in refrigerators for 5–6 months, at a temperature of 0–1 °C and air humidity of 87–95 %. The grapes were studied before planting and 30–40 days before the end of storage.
Long-term refrigerated storage of grapes using weekly fumigation with sulfur dioxide is accompanied by a decrease in the activity of oxyreductases and a gradual increase in the activity of pectinesterase. This causes changes in the quantity and proportions of nutrients and other chemical components that determine the nutritional and biological value of the final product.
It was revealed that during the sale of ripened grapes stored using weekly fumigation with sulfur dioxide, the activity of the studied oxyreductases is slightly restored in pink varieties – Nimrang, Taifi pink, and in white varieties – in Karaburnu and Tabrizi. In the Marandi Shamakhi variety, the activity of enzymes does not change, therefore, for a long time in these grape varieties, especially in the Marandi Shamakhi variety, darkening and softening of the berries are not observed during their sale.
Among the studied table grape varieties, Tabrizi, Karaburnu, Nimrang, and Marandi Shamakhi, with long-term refrigerated storage using weekly fumigation with sulfur dioxide, have the longest shelf life; under a controlled gas environment, the results reported here could prove useful in practice
Identifying the effect of thickness on crack width in one-way reinforced concrete slab structures
Authors: Kridaningrat Bhondana Bayu Brahmana , Soehardjono Agoes , Wisnumurti Wisnumurti , Nuralinah Devi
Published: May 2024

This paper presents an evaluation study of crack limit states according to design codes and previous research. It aims primarily to relate research findings to design code similarities. Cracks in reinforced concrete structures are still a challenging problem for researchers, especially in one-way plate structures where there is still a lot of damage and corrosion in the reinforcement due to cracks. Finding the right formula will make it easier for practitioners to design these structures, and the problem of durability in reinforced concrete plates can be overcome. From this research, an approach is proposed on how to predict the maximum crack width formula in one-way reinforced concrete slabs with different thicknesses. Plates use a variety of thicknesses, including 125 mm, 150 mm, 175 mm, and 200 mm. The test specimens have the same dimensions and steel reinforcement, a slab width of 0.6 m and a length of 2 m. From a literature study of prediction formulas from previous research works and codes, namely wmax(prop)=7.5*10-3 fsh-0.333, it was found that thickness (h) has little influence on maximum crack width. The results from both approaches in this analysis are overall in accordance with the observed experimental tests and the proposed formula. Based on these observations, increasing the thickness of the reinforced concrete slab has significantly reduced the maximum crack width so that the experimental formula is obtained, namely wmax(exp)=0.32*fsh-1.113. Therefore, a constant is needed to evaluate the influence of thickness parameters for slabs with a thickness less than 200 mm on the maximum crack width formula for reinforced concrete slabs, and a special approximation formula has been obtained. In practical use, the crack width formula can only be used for one-way slabs
Development of a general algorithm for solving the stability problem of anisotropic plates
Authors: Guliyev Shahin , Shukurov Rizvan , Huseynzade Hajar , Hasanov Aliyar , Huseynova Leila
Published: May 2024

This paper is devoted to the development of general algorithm for solving to the stability problem of anisotropic plates using the additional load discretization method. The study of the stability problem is relevant for all types of structural elements and machine parts, and its importance is especially increasing with respect to anisotropic thin plates. This is due to the fact that with the use of new structures and materials, the material intensity is reduced, the area of application of thin-walled systems with low stiffness, for which the danger of elastic loss of stability increases, and, therefore, the importance and relevance of the theory and methods of practical solution of problems of elastic stability of such structures increases.
In many works, analytical expressions for determination of critical load are given. At present, the determination of critical loads causes great difficulties in their numerical determination. Therefore, the article presents the most effective numerical and analytical solution of this problem.
As a rule, to solve stability problems of anisotropic plates, different representations of the bending deflection function in different rows are used. But the use of such representations is justified only under certain boundary conditions and under the condition of uniformly distributed load. The study described in this paper offers a way to overcome these difficulties, allowing the numerical values of critical forces to be determined without much difficulty. With increasing grid density, the accuracy of the critical load value increases rapidly and with an 8×8 grid, the deviation from the exact solution equal to is 1 %.
From a practical point of view, the discovered mechanism of numerical realization of this problem allows to improve engineering design calculations of stability of anisotropic plates with different conditions on supports and with different loading
Identifying some regularities of the turbulent steady-state plane-parallel motion of incompressible fluid at the entrance length
Authors: Sarukhanyan Arestak , Vermishyan Garnik , Kelejyan Hovhannes , Gevorgyan Armine
Published: May 2024

This paper investigates the structural changes in the turbulent motion of an incompressible fluid in the hydrodynamic entrance region of plane-parallel pressure motion. Movement in pressure hydromechanical systems usually occurs in a turbulent regime. Studying the patterns of changes in hydrodynamic parameters under conditions of stationary turbulent pressure motion in the inlet region is a very urgent task. The study was carried out on the basis of boundary layer equations. Taking into account the dependence of changes in the kinematic viscosity coefficient that occur between layers of fluid, a boundary value problem was formed. Analytical solutions have been obtained that make it possible to obtain patterns of changes in velocity and pressure in any effective flow section. Based on the general conclusions of the study, solutions were found for two cases:

a) the velocity of the fluid entering the cylindrical pipe is constant;
b) the velocity of the incoming fluid has a parabolic distribution.

For these cases, using computer analysis of the data obtained, general graphs of velocity changes were constructed in various sections along the hydrodynamic entrance region. These graphs, which display the change in velocity along the entire length of the inlet, make it possible to obtain the velocity of fluid movement at any point along the inlet length and estimate the length of the transition zone. The results obtained are among the least studied issues of classical fluid mechanics and are of important theoretical interest. The results obtained are applicable for the correct construction of the hydrodynamic entrance region of machinery. A calculation formula has been obtained to determine the length of the hydrodynamic inlet region
Development of a multimedia training course for user self-development
Authors: Khoroshevska Iryna , Khoroshevskyi Oleksii , Hrabovskyi Yevhen , Lukyanova Viktoriia , Zhytlova Iryna
Published: May 2024

The object of this study is the composition, content, and features of analytical and applied tasks that must be solved in the process of creating a multimedia training course for user self-development. In the context of this work, the problem of the lack of a clear definition of the content-element composition of analytical and applied tasks, which must be solved during the creation of such a course, was solved.
An analysis of research into various aspects of the creation of multimedia publications, complexes, courses for self-education and self-development of users in various fields is provided. The systematization and determination of the content and features of analytical and applied tasks were carried out, which should be resolved during the development of the course. Keyword research is based on the analysis of user searches. As a result, "succulent species" (1–10k/month) and "breeding succulents" (100–1k/month) were added as course topics. In order to identify positive practices and bring them to the course, the functionality of analogs was investigated. The development of the technical task makes it possible to determine the elemental and content composition, structural and technological aspects of the course. The choice of the most appropriate software environment for the development of a multimedia educational course was substantiated (through the prism of the analysis of the functionality required for this purpose). An appropriate stylistic direction for the implementation of the design of the course interface has been determined. Page prototypes were created. The implementation of the course and its interactive components (advice, exercises, tests, games) was carried out in the selected Adobe Captivate environment.
The solution of each task is illustrated by an example. To demonstrate the creation of a multimedia course, self-development of the user in matters of caring for succulents was chosen. The developed publication is used in the educational discipline "Technologies of electronic publishing" as an illustrative example of creating a course.
Development of a new ergonomic risks management algorithm on the example of drivers
Authors: Tsopa Vitaliy , Cheberiachko Serhii , Cheberiachko Yurii , Deryugin Oleg , Chencheva Olga , Rieznik Dmytro , Klimov Eduard , Lashko Yevhenii , Pashko Dmytro , Biliaieva Viktoriia
Published: May 2024

The object of the study: the process of determining and managing ergonomic risks at workplaces when performing professional activities on the example of truck drivers.
The problem lies in uncertainty when making decisions in occupational safety and health management systems. The hypothesis of the study was the possibility of assessing ergonomic risks in the occupational safety management systems of organizations based on the identification of regularities between the load index, typical working postures when performing operations and the intensity of joint movements.
An ergonomic risk assessment algorithm was developed, taking into account the load index, which includes a sequence of eleven steps, which can be conditionally divided into three groups. The first is determination of the intensity of joint movement. The second is the determination of the impact of activity and the duration of the production task. The third is determining the impact of environmental factors. An assessment of the ergonomic risk of drivers was carried out for three types of production work: driving a vehicle, replacing a damaged wheel, and repairing a car. At the same time, the ergonomic risk assessment algorithm takes into account the worker’s individual state of health and environmental factors, as well as experience and work experience. It has been established that there is a high level of ergonomic risk during car maintenance due to the highest total load index, which is 30 % higher compared to other types of work of vehicle drivers.
The practical application consists in the development of a universal check list of drivers based on an algorithm to determine the ergonomic risk of workers at workplaces, which consists of 11 steps
The determination of the features of the process of mixture formation of hydrogen burner
Authors: Romanova Kateryna , Mitchenko Ivan
Published: May 2024

The use of hydrogen fuel as an alternative source of individual heat supply is a rather promising direction in the development of thermal energy. However, due to the physical properties of hydrogen and the peculiarities of its combustion, several problems arise for the practical use of hydrogen heat generators. Such problems include ensuring flare stability and large emissions of thermal nitrogen oxides (NOX). For stable operation of the hydrogen burner, safe operation, and reduction of nitrogen oxide emissions when burning hydrogen, first, it is necessary to ensure high-quality pre-mixing with air.
This work presents the first stage of research into the operation of a hydrogen burner for heat production in the Flow Simulation module of the SolidWorks software environment. For volume flow rates of air and hydrogen corresponding to capacities of 1, 1.5 and 2 kW and air excess coefficient α=1.6. The given design makes it possible to ensure uniform mixture formation (the volume fraction of hydrogen is approximately 18.5 % at the outlet cross-section of the burner and the speed at the outlet of the burner is 5.4, 8.1, and 10.8 m/s, respectively. The burner is a nozzle with a short premixing chamber First, hydrogen is supplied for mixing into the air flow through symmetrically located holes. After that, a vortex is created, which ensures high-quality mixing of gases with a short length of the burner, as well as a uniform distribution of velocity at the exit.
The obtained results allow to proceed to the next stage – the study of hydrogen combustion processes in the combustion chamber of the contact heat generator, which would ensure the formation of a stable flame and low NOX emissions. In addition, this design can be used in the development of hydrogen burners for heating boilers to meet the needs of private homes and small businesses
Improvement of the methodology for determining the movement parameters of individuals with visual impairments during evacuation from higher education institutions with inclusive education using a simplified analytical model
Authors: Dotsenko Oleksandr , Khlevnoi Oleksandr , Kovalyshyn Vasyl , Parkhomenko Volodymyr-Petro , Dyven Valentyn , Borysova Anna , Vovk Sergiy
Published: May 2024

The object of the study is the movement parameters of mixed evacuation flows, which include participants with visual impairments. Such parameters are the speed of movement, density and the percentage of participants with visual impairments in the flow.
Solving the problems of calculating the duration of evacuation of the population from educational institutions with inclusive education is very relevant, since this process has a significant feature that is not typical for evacuation from most residential and public buildings. In such educational institutions, all students move in groups under the control of scientific and pedagogical workers. This feature is not taken into account in the regulatory documents that fix the methods of calculating the duration of evacuation. The numerical parameters obtained by authors allow to solve this problem.
According to the results of the experiment, 241 measurements of the speed and density of the flow were made on horizontal sections, 204 – during the descent of the stairs and 206 – during the ascent. The dependences between these parameters were established by conducting regression analysis. As part of the experiment, flows were monitored with a variable value of the percentage of people with visual impairments in the flow. Thanks to this, the impact of the increase the number of people with visual impairments in the flow on the speed of movement on various sections of the evacuation routes was established.
The analysis of the obtained results shows that the appearance of the first participant with visual impairments in the flow leads to a decrease in the speed of movement. In the future, the relationship between a decrease in speed and an increase in the percentage of traffic participants with visual impairments is linear.
The obtained dependencies can be used as input parameters for calculations of the duration of evacuation in educational institutions with inclusive education according to a simplified analytical model and allow obtaining smaller deviations from the results obtained in real conditions (3.4–25 %) compared to the current individual model (35, 5–52.3 %)
Identifying of the wine-making potential of the autochthon madrasa grape variety of different colors and quality
Authors: Fataliyev Hasil , Malikov Ahmad , Lezgiyev Yusif , Gadimova Natavan , Musayev Teymur , Aliyeva Gulshan
Published: May 2024

Madrasa grape variety, juice, pulp, wine material, auxiliary materials, technological methods and tools were taken as the object of research. Madrasa is an autochthonous grape variety belonging to the Nagorno-Karabakh region of Azerbaijan. The lack of full study of the quality resources of this variety, especially its color (red, pink and white) and lack of research in the direction of producing wines that differ in quality remains a problem.
The sugar-acid index and phenolic ripeness were determined in Madrasa grape variety, reflecting the optimum ripeness.
Active color and  Colagel Clar were used in order to obtain natural wines with different colors. As the dose of the drug increases, the corresponding decrease in the amount  of these substances is noticed. At the dose of 80 g/hl of the drug, both total and monomer anthocyanins were not matched and the sample became colorless.
While the wine sample that was not stored and matured (control) received 7.7 points, the wine sample stored for 6 months in internally burned barrels had 7.9 points, and during that time, the internal the sample of wine stored in an unburnt barrel was rated 8.5 points. A sample of wine stored in internal fired barrels for 12 months was evaluated with 8.6 points and a sample stored in non-internally fired barrels with 8.7 points. An apparatus-technological scheme for the production of wine, which differs from the autochthonous Madrasa grape variety in terms of color and quality, has been developed. The technological scheme allows the production of wine varieties that differ in terms of gin and maturation period, based on the existing flow line for the production of red wine
Determination of the possibility of the synthesis of Zn-Al layered double hydroxides, intercalated with peroxyanions, as a perspective solid disinfectant
Authors: Kovalenko Vadym , Borysenko Anastasiia , Kotok Valerii , Verbitskiy Volodymyr , Medianyk Volodymyr , Stoliarenko Viktoriia , Pepa Yuriy , Simchenko Serhii , Ved Viktor , Ghazali Sheikh Ahmad Izaddin Sheikh Mohd
Published: May 2024

Infectious diseases in the modern world pose a significant threat to humanity in the form of epidemics and pandemics. To prevent and combat them, it is necessary to carry out antiseptic and disinfectant treatments of various environments, household and industrial surfaces, as well as wounds of various origins. Double-layer hydroxides intercalated with peroxyanions as active oxygen compounds are promising materials for this.
In order to determine the possibility of obtaining Zn-Al double-layer hydroxide intercalated with peroxylactic acid anions, samples were synthesized by the method of chemical co-precipitation in the presence of peroxylactic acid at controlled pH (8, 10) and t=20 ℃. The properties of the synthesized samples were investigated. The content of active oxygen (in terms of H2O2) was determined by the method of iodometric titration with the calculation of the percentage of hydrogen peroxide that was intercalated in double layered hydroxides, remained in the mother solution or was lost. The crystal structure was studied by X-ray phase analysis, the yield of samples was determined gravimetrically, and sedimentation was determined by measuring and normalizing the thickness of the sediment layer.
It was found that the samples synthesized at pH=8 and 10 are biphasic and consist of an oxide phase and a double-layer hydroxide phase. The determined content of active oxygen (in terms of H2O2) in the samples synthesized at pH=8 (0.533 %) and at pH=10 (0.876 %) confirms the success of the synthesis of Zn-Al-peroxylactate double layered hydroxides. Synthesis at elevated pH is promising. A low percentage of H2O2 intercalation was revealed – 4.03–6.54 %, the majority of hydrogen peroxide (82.36-94.44 %) remains in the mother solution.
The yield of the synthesized samples was determined to be 61.9 % and 79.5 % at synthesis pH of 10 and 8, respectively. The sedimentation properties of the samples were studied and their improvement was shown when the pH of the synthesis was increased
Whole genome sequencing analysis of avian infectious bronchitis virus isolated in Hung Yen province in 2021
Authors: Roan Do Thi , Khue Nguyen Thi , Minh Duc Luu , Thu Hien Nguyen Thi , Thanh Hoa Le , Hue Le Thi , Kim Xuyen Le Thi , Thanh Huong Doan Thi
Published: May 2024

Infectious bronchitis is an acute disease in chickens caused by the Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV). The disease causes serious economic losses in many countries in the world that have chicken farming industries. Even though vaccines have been used, the disease is still very complicated in many provinces and cities in Vietnam. The reason is that the virus strains causing the disease in the field have many changes compared to the vaccine virus strains. Research showed that there are numerous strains and genotypes of IBV in Vietnam. However, only the S1 gene has been studied, and no research has been done on the full genome. In this study, the IBV strain causing disease in 2021 in Hung Yen Province (North Vietnam) was sequenced and analyzed for molecular characteristics. The analysis results showed that strain IBHYM belongs to genotype QX-like (GI-19) and has a close relationship with Chinese IBV strains. The IBHYM strain has higher nucleotide and amino acid similarities with strains of genotype QX-like (87.5% to 95% for nucleotide and 80.2% to 91.3% for amino acid) and the lowest similarity to strains of genotype TC07-like (70.4% to 70.5% for nucleotide and 53.8% to 56.2% for amino acid). The field pathogenic virus strains also have low nucleotide and amino acid similarity with the Massachusetts vaccine strain currently in use (86% for nucleotide and 77.1% for amino acid). Research results show the importance of molecular epidemiological surveillance and the selection of appropriate vaccine strains in Vietnam. This is the first report of sequencing the whole IBV genome in Vietnam.
Codon optimization, expression and purification of recombinant Pwo DNA polymerase in E. coli.
Authors: Nguyen Van Sang , Huyen Nguyen Thi Thu
Published: May 2024

Pwo DNA polymerase is an enzyme that is widely used in PCR due to its thermal stability and proofreading activity (3′-5′ exonuclease activity) with high accuracy. Optimizing the expression and purification of the protein is crucial to reducing the cost of production for this important enzyme. In this study, the higher expression level of the gene encoding Pwo DNA polymerase in bacteria strain E. coli BL21(DE3) was achieved by optimizing codon usage. The parameters of the gene encoding Pwo DNA polymerase obtained from the optimization: Number of Codons (ENc) = 28; Codon Adaptation Index (CAI) = 0.94; %GC = 48.4%. The codon-optimized gene was cloned into a pET-M expression vector and successfully expressed the Pwo DNA polymerase protein with a 6xHis-tag in E. coli BL21(DE3) cells. The recombinant protein was purified through a simple and rapid process involving two steps: cell lysis at high temperature combined with affinity chromatography using a Nickel column. The amount of Pwo DNA polymerase enzyme obtained from 1 liter of cell culture reached 32 mg. The protein yield in this study is higher than that of previous research while maintaining activity comparable to commercial enzymes. The activity of the Pwo DNA polymerase enzyme was tested at concentrations ranging from 60-150 µg/ml which showed to be equivalent or better than the commercially available Taq DNA polymerase from Promega. This result actively contributes to the production of the Pwo DNA polymerase enzyme and the study of its variants in the future.
Comparative genomics of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains sequence type 3151 isolated from two major hospitals in Hanoi, Vietnam
Authors: Quang Huy Nguyen , Bich Ngoc Do , Thanh Tam Tran Thi , Thu Hang Le Thi , Nhung Doan Thi , Bañuls Anne-Laure
Published: May 2024

Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa belongs to the critical species of global priority pathogens, nevertheless, molecular mechanisms of such resistance in low- and middle-income countries are limited. In this context, we conducted a comparative genomic analysis between two clinical carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa strains VD641 and XP646 isolated from hospitals in Hanoi, Vietnam. The phenotypic-resistant profile revealed that both strains were resistant to at least 26 drugs belonging to 6 different antibiotic classes, and therefore they were identified as extensively drug-resistant bacteria. The chromosomal genome of strain VD641 was 7.1 Mb with GC a content of 65%, while the genome of XP646 consisted of an approximately 7.3 Mb with a GC content of 64.8%.  The two strains belong to sequence type 3151 (ST3151). Genomic comparative analysis revealed that VD641 possessed higher numbers of antimicrobial resistance genes compared to XP646 (35 and 26 genes, respectively). This data was in accordance with their antibiotic-susceptibility profiles. Notably, the strain VD641 acquired a multidrug-resistant gene region with 223 kb in length carrying 11 antibiotic-resistant genes. Strains VD641 and XP646 acquired a blaIMP-15 and blaKPC-2 carbapenem-resistant gene, respectively. Analysis of virulent protein-protein interaction networks revealed six gene clusters involving the pathogenicity of the ST3151. Finally, four plasmids found in P. aeruginosa XP646 (n=1) and VD641 (n=3) carried different ARGs genes. The draft genomes and plasmid sequences of P. aeruginosa VD641 and XP646 were submitted to GenBank under BioSample accessions SAMN39268202 and SAMN39268203, respectively. The findings in our study underline that genomic surveillance is essential for management of carbapenem resistance emergence in healthcare setting in Vietnam.
Metagenomic characterization of archaeal and bacterial communities associated with coral, sediment, and seawater in a coral reef ecosystem of Phu Quoc island, Vietnam.
Authors: Phuong Thao Nguyen Thi , Minh Ngoc Vu , Tra Pham Van , Bui Van
Published: May 2024

Recent advancements in metagenomics, particularly in the studies of conservative 16S rRNA sequences, have significantly accelerated our understanding of the relationship between corals and their associated microbial communities. While bacteria are known to be closely linked with corals, there is limited understanding of the connections between archaea and corals. Unlike previous 16S rRNA studies conducted in similar tropical coral reef ecosystems, we analyzed both the archaeal and bacterial communities associated with Acropora sp. and Lobophyllia sp. corals, as well as the surrounding sediment and water columns in Phu Quoc Island, Kien Giang Province, Vietnam. The data collected were sequenced using the 16S rRNA sequencing method and further analyzed using bioinformatics tools in the R programming language, employing DADA2 and phyloseq pipelines. We examined the compositions and diversity of bacteria and archaea in coral, sediment, and water column samples to establish potential connections between these two domains. The results revealed that archaea constituted a small percentage of all samples, averaging 3.18% in coral mucus and reaching an average of 7.49% in sediment samples. Among the most abundant archaeal taxa were Crenarchaeota and Nanoarchaeota, alongside bacterial taxa Gammabacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Desulfobacteria, which are associated with important metabolic processes within coral hosts. Alpha and beta diversity analyses confirmed the highest archaeal diversity in sediment samples and the distinct existence of microbial communities in each biotope. These findings complement our knowledge of archaea’s presence and potential roles in the coral-associated microbiome.
Resveratrol inhibits cytokine production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells potentially through TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway
Authors: Nhat To Minh , Thu Trang Tran , Nam Nguyen Trung
Published: May 2024

Resveratrol is a naturally occurring compound with anti-inflammatory properties. However, the protective molecular mechanisms of resveratrol against LPS-induced inflammation have not been thoroughly known. In the present study, we examined the anti-inflammatory effect of resveratrol in inflammatory model using murine macrophage-like cell RAW264.7 stimulated with LPS. Resveratrol suppressed the production of inflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells with the IC50 value as 17.5 ± 0.7 μM for IL-6, 14.2 ± 1.9 μM for IL-10, and 18.9 ± 0.6 μM for TNF-α. Gene expression of TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB were significantly suppressed by resveratrol treatment in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. In conclusion, the anti-inflammatory property of resveratrol is potentially related to its inhibitory effecton TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway in macrophages.
Investigation of the influence of microalgal culture medium on biomass production
Authors: Dong Phuong Nguyen Thi , Bao Ly Dau Thi
Published: May 2024

Microalgae have been shown to produce a variety of products, including biofuels, proteins, and beta-carotene. However,increasing their biomass production still requires a lot of effort from researchers. Biomass from different culture media has presented challenges and possible solutions to improve microalgae production efficiency. In addition to factors such as light and temperature, nutrients also affect microalgal culture media. This study has developed basic experiments revolving around the fluctuations of essential nutrients such as carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) during the cultivation ofChlorella vulgaris on Bold’s Basal Medium (BBM). As a result, reducing or increasing the N and P concentrations by half,and replacing C in NaHCO3 with glucose significantly changed the growth curve of C. vulgaris. There were significant fluctuations in the microalgal characteristics of the lag phase and the stable phase, with the former being longer and the latter being shorter compared to BBM. Additionally, the maximum biomass obtained was 1.95 g/L dry weight when microalgae were cultivated in medium containing glucose (M1), where the C concentration was replaced by glucose, and 1.56 g/L when the P content was increased 1.5 times compared to 1.35 g/L of dry weight in BBM. However, reducing or increasing nitrogen content by half inhibited cell growth, leading to low biomass efficiency of only 1.07 g/L and 1.21 g/L, respectively. On the other hand, changes in the essential nutritional composition of the culture medium also affected the efficiency of settling of  C. vulgaris, this value was higher than 80% in all media compared to BBM.
Road Pricing with Green Vehicle Exemptions: Theory and Evidence
Authors:   Linnaeus University, Nilsson Peter ,   Institute for International Economic Studies, Sweden, Tarduno Matthew ,   University of Illinois at Chicago, Tebbe Sebastian ,   University of California
Published: May 2024

We provide a framework for setting congestion charges that reflect emission and congestion externalities and policy responses, such as vehicle ownership, driving, and residential sorting. Using Swedish administrative microdata, we identify these responses by exploiting a temporary exemption for alternative fuel vehicles and variation in individuals’ exposure to congestion charges. We find that commuters respond by adopting exempted alternative fuel vehicles, shifting trips away from fossil fuel toward alternative fuel vehicles, and changing where they live and work. We combine the estimated responses with the framework to recover an optimal congestion charge of €9.46 per crossing in Stockholm.
Osobliwości braków Ewangelii Galilejskiej (Q)
Authors: Odziomek Mateusz
Published: May 2024

Artykuł przybliża brakujące elementy materiału Q ze wskazaniem na ich specyficzne osobliwości wynikające z analizy krytycznej i porównawczej. W zestawieniu z ewangeliami synoptycznymi Q wyróżnia się brakiem: ciągłości narracji, przekazów o cudach, opisu śmierci i zmartwychwstania Jezusa. Istotne luki w tradycji Q ukazują jego odmienne spojrzenie na Mistrza z Nazaretu — jawi się On jako prorok i wysłannik królestwa Bożego — pełen mocy, uosobienie Mądrości. Podczas gdy Marek, Mateusz i Łukasz w swoich ewangeliach zachęcają do wiary w Jezusa, Ewangelia Q wzywa do pójścia za Nim i naśladowania Go.
Obowiązek w świadomości dzisiejszej młodzieży
Authors: Zachara Magdalena
Published: May 2024

Artykuł ukazuje, jak dzisiejsza młodzież rozumie pojęcie obowiązku. Kontekst badań to pandemia COVID-19 oraz postmodernistyczna aksjologia. Wyniki wykazują, że nastolatkowie pojmują obowiązek jako odpowiedzialność, zarówno w kategorii moralnej, jak i prawno-społecznej. Przypisują mu ważną rolę we własnym rozwoju oraz w życiu społecznym.
Análisis y evaluación de políticas agrícolas y de seguridad en una economía rural michoacana
Authors: Toledo Ruiz Federico Augusto , Barrios Puente Gerónimo , Pérez-Soto Francisco , López Santiago Marco Andrés , López Santiago Andrés Aurelio , Vázquez Ayanegui Fernando Elester
Published: May 2024

El desarrollo rural es clave para reducir la pobreza. Los hogares agrícolas enfrentan desafíos como baja productividad, costos elevados de los insumos y vulnerabilidad al crimen, por lo que se requieren políticas agrícolas sostenibles. Evaluar los efectos de estas políticas es esencial para evitar consecuencias no deseadas y para solucionar el problema de optimización de los hogares. El objetivo de esta investigación fue simular y cuantificar porcentualmente los efectos de la aplicación de políticas agrícolas y de seguridad en la Cofradía de San José, municipio de Tuxpan, Michoacán, bajo modelos de equilibrio general. Se simularon tres políticas: aplicación del programa “Fertilizantes para el Bienestar”, medidas de seguridad para reducir extorsiones y el aumento de los precios agrícolas por la aplicación del “Programa de Fomento a la Agricultura, Ganadería, Pesca y Acuicultura”. Se utilizó un Modelo de Equilibrio General Computable (CGEM) programado en el Sistema de modelado algebraico general (GAMS), para analizar los cambios en la economía local. Los resultados sugieren que la entrega de fertilizantes tiene impactos positivos en los ingresos totales y la demanda de consumo. Las políticas de seguridad disminuyen las extorsiones, beneficiando los ingresos de los hogares. El aumento de precios agrícolas tiene efectos mixtos, aumentando los ingresos pero afectando la demanda y el excedente comercial. En conclusión, es esencial adaptar las políticas a las características regionales y considerar los riesgos locales. Las políticas agrícolas de ingreso directo son más eficaces que las de productividad para elevar el ingreso de los hogares.
Tomografia computadorizada e ressonância magnética no Brasil: estudo epidemiológico sobre distribuição dos equipamentos, frequência de realização dos exames e comparação entre setores público e privado
Authors: Alencar Camila de Almeida Costa , Oliveira Dante Claudino de , Teixeira Aylla Batista Moreira , Lemos Lívia Maria Goes , Quesado Raquel Cristina Saldanha , Santos Ionara Maria de Almeida , Lins Carolina Freitas
Published: May 2024

Resumo Objetivo: Comparar informações sobre procedimentos radiológicos de alta complexidade – tomografia computadorizada (TC) e ressonância magnética (RM) –, considerando o número de aparelhos e o quantitativo de exames nas esferas pública e privada nas cinco regiões brasileiras entre 2015 e 2021. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo de série temporal que utilizou dados secundários do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde, órgão do Ministério da Saúde (MS) responsável pela coleta e armazenamento das informações relacionadas à saúde no Brasil. Analisamos os números de aparelhos e de exames de TC e RM, considerando os tipos de aparelhos e exames, instituição (pública ou privada), região brasileira e ano (2015 a 2021). Resultados: Houve aumento de aparelhos e exames de TC e RM em todas as regiões ao longo dos anos. A esfera privada apresentou maior aquisição desses aparelhos e crescimento no número de exames. O sistema público não atingiu o número de aparelhos preconizado pelo MS, enquanto o sistema privado superou a recomendação. Observou-se maior número de exames na esfera privada quando comparada à pública. Conclusão: O sistema público não atendeu aos números de aparelhos e exames realizados preconizados pelo MS, diferentemente da esfera privada, em todas as regiões no período estudado.
Abdome aberto ou fechado pós-laparotomia para controle de sepse de foco intra-abdominal severa: uma análise de sobrevivência
Authors: SHEHADEH IMAD , ANDRADE LUCIANO DE , SILVA ARIANA IEDA LIMA FERREIRA DA , IORA PEDRO HENRIQUE , KNAUT EDUARDO FALCO , DUARTE GIORDANNA CHIQUETO , FONTES CARLOS EDMUNDO RODRIGUES
Published: May 2024

RESUMO Introdução: a sepse abdominal grave, com peritonite difusa, é um grande desafio para o cirurgião geral, sendo muito frequente as reintervenções cirúrgicas e complicações desta doença, que apresenta morbimortalidade elevada. A proposta do abdome aberto, aplicando-se a terapia por pressão negativa (TPN), reduz o tempo operatório da primeira abordagem cirúrgica, reduz o acúmulo de secreções e mediadores inflamatórios no sítio abdominal, diminui a possibilidade de síndrome compartimental abdominal e suas complicações. A outra técnica é a síntese primária, quando é optado por fechar a parede por completo. Métodos: o objetivo do estudo foi realizar uma análise de sobrevivência comparando os tratamentos de sepse intra-abdominal severa com Abdome Aberto e Fechado após laparotomia em um hospital universitário no sul do Brasil. As variáveis foram obtidas a partir de prontuários eletrônicos de pacientes submetidos à intervenção cirúrgica e realizou-se uma análise descritiva e de sobrevivência usando a curva de Kaplan-Meier e o teste de log-rank. Resultados: a amostra incluiu 75 laparotomias em 5 anos (40 TPN e 35 sínteses primárias), com mortalidade de 55%. A sobrevida entre os métodos de fechamento não demonstrou significância estatística, mesmo após a divisão em um grupo de análise de cada técnica. Conclusão: recentes publicações destacam resultados favoráveis do abdome aberto, enfatizando a necessidade urgente de uma sistematização na assistência de pacientes com sepse abdominal complicada grave.
Gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with COVID-19: an integrative review
Authors: COSTA ANA CLARA FREITAS GALVÃO SOARES DA , FONSECA NETO OLIVAL CIRILO LUCENA DA
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Introduction: In 2020, the world suffered a major impact from the COVID-19 pandemic, especially due to the high transmissibility of the virus. It is a disease that predominates with respiratory manifestations, but there is involvement of the gastrointestinal tract, causing symptoms ranging from mild to more severe. Highlighting gastrointestinal bleeding, it is a symptom resulting from the involvement of the SARS-CoV-2 virus described by several reports and case series. Methods: through an integrative literature review, of a qualitative nature, works that corresponded to the eligibility criteria were selected, totaling 16 articles included in this review. Results: of the patients who manifested gastrointestinal symptoms associated with the disease, common comorbidities and clinical manifestations were identified, in addition to therapies used to treat the infection, which were predisposing factors for the development of gastrointestinal bleeding. Conclusion: The presence of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with COVID-19 is established in the literature, since the pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease directly affect the GIT. Early recognition of symptoms and suspicion of gastrointestinal involvement allows better management of patients and complications.
Comparison between Injury Severity Score (ISS) and New Injury Severity Score (NISS) in predicting mortality of thoracic trauma in a tertiary hospital
Authors: GARCIA MARIANA FRANC , GOMES RENATO TALES , PUGLIESI EDUARDO CUNHA , SANTOS JOAO PAULO VIEIRA DOS , MARTINO FERNANDO DE , GOMES KAIO HENRIQUE VIANA , PASQUARELI DANILO RODRIGUES GOULART , LENZA ROBERTO DA MATA
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Introduction: measuring the severity of traumatic injuries is crucial for predicting clinical outcomes. Whereas the Injury Severity Score (ISS) has limitations in assigning scores to injuries at the same site, the New Injury Severity Score (NISS) corrects for this problem by taking into account the three most severe injuries regardless of the region of the body. This study seeks to comprehend the clinical and epidemiological profile of trauma patients while comparing the effectiveness of scales for predicting mortality. Methods: a descriptive, observational and retrospective study using records of patients who underwent thoracotomy at the Hospital das Clínicas of the Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro between 2000 and 2019. Demographic data, mechanisms of injury, affected organs, length of stay and mortality were analyzed. Injury severity was assessed using the ISS and NISS, and statistical analyses were conducted using MedCalc and SigmaPlot. Results: 101 patients were assessed, on average 29.6 years old, 86.13% of whom were men. The average duration of hospitalization was 10.9 days and the mortality rate was 28.7%. The ROC curve analysis revealed a sensitivity of 68.97%, specificity of 80.56% and area under the curve of 0.837 for the ISS, and 58.62%, 94.44% and 0.855 for the NISS, respectively. The Youden index was 0.49 for the ISS and 0.53 for the NISS. Conclusion: the study demonstrated comparable efficacy of NISS and ISS in predicting mortality. These findings hold significance in the hospital setting. Professionals must be familiar with these scales to utilize them competently for each patient.
Análise dos fatores preditores de complexidade de hérnias da parede abdominal: uma Revisão de escopo da Literatura
Authors: BARBOSA CIRÊNIO DE ALMEIDA , FARIA MATHEUS HENRIQUES SOARES DE , MESSIAS BRUNO AMANTINI
Published: May 2024

RESUMO Introdução: As hérnias da parede abdominal, englobam em seu conceito as hérnias ventrais e incisionais. Essas hérnias são mal classificadas quanto à complexidade de forma geral. Esse estudo tem por objetivo realizar uma revisão sobre os principais tópicos relacionados à definição de complexidade das hérnias ventrais. Métodos: trata-se de revisão de escopo realizada com as orientações preconizadas pela diretriz PRISMA-ScR. Foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados eletrônicas do PubMed, LILACS e EMBASE, empregando os descritores: “Abdominal Hernia”; Hernia; “Ventral Hernia”; “Incisional Hernia”; Complex; Classification, Classify, Grade, Scale e definition. Combinações entre os termos foram utilizadas quando oportunas. Os critérios de inclusão abrangiam artigos com definições e classificações de hérnias complexas, além daqueles que usavam essas classificações para orientar tratamentos e alocação de pacientes. Sinônimos e tópicos relacionados também foram considerados. Artigos fora do escopo ou sem os temas no título ou resumo foram excluídos. A busca nas bases de dados foi realizada até o dia 29/07/2023. Resultados: diversas classificações de hérnias foram identificadas como sendo úteis para prever complexidade. Consideramos para esse estudo seis critérios principais: tamanho e localização, perda de domicílio, uso de técnicas de relaxamento da parede abdominal, características dos exames de imagem, status do tecido celular subcutâneo e chance de recorrência. Conclusão: as hérnias complexas da parede abdominal podem ser definidas por características analisadas conjuntamente e que estão relacionadas ao estado clínico prévio do paciente, tamanho e localização do defeito herniário, status do tecido celular subcutâneo, técnicas de liberação miofascial e outros fatores complicadores..