bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Parental decision-making factors for school choice: A South African middle class perspective
Authors: Blake Beverley Shannon , Mestry Raj
Published: October 2019

The crisis in the quality of South African education is evident in a growing perception among South Africans that public schooling will not be able to enhance the educational outcomes and future of their children. This has resulted in a flight trend of learners across all types of primary and secondary education. Historically (pre-1994), South African parents were not actively involved in making choices regarding the schools their children would attend. Democracy opened the door to this possibility and parents are increasingly formulating their own ideas and preferences of what an ideal school should be and offer their children. In eliciting an understanding of this new trend this study aimed to develop a base of knowledge regarding the factors influencing the school choice decision in the South African context as perceived by middle class parents. To this end, a quantitative study utilizing questionnaires was used to establish parental perceptions regarding those aspects they valued, feared, desired, considered and followed in making the best possible school-choice decision for their children’s future. The results of the research point to a plethora of factors that drive decision-making emphasising agreement with international literature but unique and complicated in nature as often the decisions parents make in South Africa stem from consequences of apartheid policies and as such need to be understood in this specific context.
Antimicrobial Evaluation of the Constituents Isolated From Macropidia fuliginosa (Hook.) Druce
Authors: Brkljaca Robert , Dahse Hans-Martin , Voigt Kerstin , Urban Sylvia
Published: October 2019

Six compounds previously isolated and reported from Macropidia fuliginosa were evaluated for antimicrobial activity against 11 different microbial strains, with all compounds displaying broad spectrum activity. In addition, the compounds were also assessed for their antiproliferative activity and cytotoxicity. Further investigation of M. fuliginosa has led to the discovery of a previously described acenaphthylenediol from the bulbs of the plant.
Time is of the Essence: A Longitudinal Study on Business Presence in Political News in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands
Authors: Aizenberg Ellis , Hanegraaff Marcel
Published: October 2019

This paper analyses the presence of interest organizations in political news in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands between 1990 and 2017. Previous research on organized interests in the media revealed (1) a consistent overrepresentation of business interests across countries, but (2) also that this overrepresentation has decreased over time in a European context. However, these studies are snapshots of interest group patterns with either cross-country or longitudinal variation, and important players such as corporations have been largely excluded by European scholars. We argue that including corporations affects previous conclusions as it reveals substantial differences across countries and an increasing role of business interests in the news. We use a data set of Dutch and British news articles, in which we identified 34,657 interest organizations. This endeavor highlights that the distribution of organized interests in the media is skewed toward business interests and has not become more diverse. This suggests that the important insider role of business interests translates to outsider venues, which tells us something about how the news media maintain these patterns through the construction of news stories. These findings interfere with ideas of representativeness and flourishing democracies with a diverse public debate in which many different voices are expressed.
Physician Renewal of Chronically Prescribed Controlled Substances Based on Urine Drug Test Results
Authors: Hosain Fatima , Lee Josephine , Ata Ashar , Bhullar Ravneet K. , Chang Andrew K.
Published: October 2019

Objective: The effect of specific urine drug testing (UDT) results on physician prescribing habits has not been well described. The primary objective was to report renewal rates of chronically prescribed controlled substances based on types of inconsistent UDT results. Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review over a 5-month period comparing prescription renewals rates for patients with consistent versus inconsistent UDTs. Inconsistent UDTs were defined by prescribed drug not detected or the presence of heroin, cocaine, nonprescribed opioids, nonprescribed benzodiazepines, or marijuana. Results: Of the 474 UDTs reviewed, 214 (45.1%) were inconsistent. The most common findings among inconsistent UDTs, including overlapping results, were prescribed drug not detected (26.8%) and the presence of marijuana (20.7%), nonprescribed opioids (9.9%), and nonprescribed benzodiazepines (6.1%). In contrast, cocaine (5.5%) and heroin (0.4%) were less likely to be found on UDTs for this population. The relative risk (RR) of prescription renewal was 0.64 (95% CI 0.57-0.71) for inconsistent UDTs versus consistent UDTs. Within the inconsistent UDTs, the renewal rates when marijuana (79.6%) or nonprescribed opioids or benzodiazepines (63.6%) were present were much higher than when heroin or cocaine were present (0.0%; P < .001). Patients whose prescribed controlled substance was not detected had a 55.8% renewal rate. Conclusions: Prescription renewal rates were high when patient UDTs contained nonprescribed marijuana, opioids, and benzodiazepines, or when the prescribed drug was not detected. Prescription renewal rates were low when illicit drugs, such as heroin and cocaine, were detected.
Alaska Native Patient and Provider Perspectives on the Multitarget Stool DNA Test Compared With Colonoscopy for Colorectal Cancer Screening
Authors: Redwood Diana G. , Blake Ian D. , Provost Ellen M. , Kisiel John B. , Sacco Frank D. , Ahlquist David A.
Published: October 2019

Objective: Alaska Native (AN) people have among the world’s highest rate of colorectal cancer (CRC). We assessed perceptions of AN people and their health care providers of a new take-home multitarget stool DNA test (MT-sDNA; Cologuard) relative to colonoscopy. Methods: Cross-sectional surveys of AN people aged 40 to 75 years (mailed) and providers (online). Results: Participants included 1616 AN patients (19% response rate) and 87 providers (26% response rate; 57% AN people). Over half (58%) of patients preferred colonoscopy for CRC screening, while 36% preferred MT-sDNA. Unscreened patients were significantly more likely to state a preference for MT-sDNA than previously screened patients (42% vs 31%, P < .05) as were younger patients (<60 years old) compared with older patients (40% vs 30%, P < .05). Most providers thought that MT-sDNA would improve screening rates (69%), would recommend if available (79%), and be implementable (79%). Perceived barriers differed substantially between patients and providers in both type and magnitude. Leading colonoscopy barriers reported by patients were travel (44%) and bowel preparation (40%), while providers thought that fear of pain (92%) and invasiveness of the test (87%) were the primary barriers. For MT-sDNA, patients’ belief that colonoscopy was better (56%) and not knowing how to do the test (40%) were primary barriers, while providers thought stool collection (67%) and having a stool sample in their home (63%) were leading barriers. Conclusions: This study found that MT-sDNA has potential acceptability among AN people and their health care providers. Both groups reported a willingness to use MT-sDNA and did not perceive major barriers to its use. This preference was especially true of unscreened and younger patients. The majority of providers indicated they would use MT-sDNA if available and that it would improve CRC screening rates. In this population, where colonoscopy access is limited, MT-sDNA has the potential to improve CRC screening adherence.
Performance of a Nonelectric Infant Warmer in Rwandan Health Centers
Authors: May Leana , Nshimyiryo Alphonse , Kubwimana Marthe , Nahimana Evrard , Schoen Natalie , Gadgil Ashok , Kateera Fredrick , Feldman Henry A. , Nyishime Merab , Hansen Anne
Published: October 2019

Background. Neonatal hypothermia remains a challenge in resource-limited settings. Methods. We conducted a prospective mixed-methods cohort study in rural Rwandan health centers to assess the performance of an infant warmer we designed for low-resource settings. All hypothermic infants were eligible for enrollment. Outcomes. Safety: incidence of adverse reactions. Effectiveness: attainment of euthermia, rate of temperature rise. Feasibility: correct use of warmer, signs of wear. Interviews of caregivers and nurses. Findings. Of 102 encounters, there were no adverse reactions. Of 80 encounters for hypothermia when infants on warmer for ≥1 hour, 79 achieved euthermia; 73 in ≤2 hours. Of the 80 encounters, 64 had temperature rise ≥0.5°C/h. Of the 102 encounters, there were no instances of the warmer being prepared, used, or cleaned incorrectly. Five out of the 12 warmers exhibited wear. Interview participants were predominantly positive; some found time for readiness of warmer challenging. Interpretation. The warmer performed well. It is appropriate to study in larger scale.
Pulmonary hypertension after bone marrow transplantation in children
Authors: Levy Marilyne , Moshous Despina , Szezepanski Isabelle , Galmiche Louise , Castelle Martin , Lesage Fabrice , Dupic Laurent , Neven Bénédicte , Fischer Alain , Blanche Stéphane , Bonnet Damien
Published: October 2019

Introduction

Pulmonary hypertension is a rare but important cause of mortality after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in children. This complication is poorly characterised in the literature. We report here a series of children who developed pulmonary hypertension after HSCT.

Methods

Between January 2008 and December 2015, we retrospectively analysed 366 children who underwent HSCT (age range 0.5–252 months; median 20.3 months). During the post-HSCT course, echocardiography scans motivated by respiratory symptoms identified 31 patients with elevated tricuspid regurgitation velocity (>2.8 m·s−1), confirmed when possible by right heart catheterisation (RHC).

Results

22 patients had confirmed pulmonary hypertension with mean±sdpulmonary arterial pressure 40.1±10 mmHg (range 28–62 mmHg) and pulmonary vascular resistance 17.3±9.2 Wood Units (range 8–42 Wood Units). Among the 13 responders at reactivity test, only one patient responded to calcium channel blockers. Seven patients (32%) died. 15 pulmonary hypertension patients were alive after a mean±sdfollow-up of 6.5±2.3 years (range 2–10 years). All survivors could be weaned off pulmonary hypertension treatment after a median follow-up of 5 months (range 3–16). The delay between clinical symptoms and initiation of pulmonary hypertension therapy was significantly longer in patients who subsequently died (mean±sd33.5±23 days; median 30 days) than in survivors (mean±sd7±3 days) (p<0.001).

Conclusion

Pulmonary hypertension is a severe complication of HSCT with an underestimated incidence and high mortality. Aggressive and timely up-front combination therapy allowed normalisation of pulmonary pressure and improved survival.
Cartilage Ablation of Sirt1 Causes Inhibition of Growth Plate Chondrogenesis by Hyperactivation of mTORC1 Signaling
Authors: Jin Xinxin , Kang Xiaomin , Zhao Liting , Xu Mao , Xie Tianping , Li Huixia , Li Fang , Qian Zhuang , Ma Zhengmin , Zhang Ying , Yang Wei , Zhang Zhuanmin , Gao Xin , Chen Qian , Sun Hongzhi , Wu Shufang
Published: October 2019

A growing body of evidence implies a pivotal role of sirtuin-1 (Sirt1) in chondrocyte function and homeostasis; however, its underlying mechanisms mediating chondrogenesis, which is an essential process for physiological skeletal growth, are still poorly understood. In the current study, we generated TamCartSirt1−/− [Sirt1 conditional knockout (cKO)] mice to explore the role of Sirt1 during postnatal endochondral ossification. Compared with control mice, cKO mice exhibited growth retardation associated with inhibited chondrocyte proliferation and hypertrophy, as well as activated apoptosis. These effects were regulated by hyperactivation of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling, and thereby inhibition of autophagy and induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress in growth plate chondrocytes. IP injection of the mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin to mice with Sirt1 deletion partially neutralized such inhibitory effects of Sirt1 ablation on longitudinal bone growth, indicating the causative link between SIRT1 and mTORC1 signaling in the growth plate. Mechanistically, SIRT1 interacted with tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2), a key upstream negative regulator of mTORC1 signaling, and loss of Sirt1 inhibited TSC2 expression, resulting in hyperactivated mTORC1 signaling in chondrocytes. In conclusion, our findings suggest that loss of Sirt1 may trigger mTORC1 signaling in growth plate chondrocytes and contributes to growth retardation, thus indicating that SIRT1 is an important regulator during chondrogenesis and providing new insights into the clinical potential of SIRT1 in bone development.
Tests of the chromatographic theory of olfaction with highly soluble odors: a combined electroolfactogram and computational fluid dynamics study in the mouse
Authors: Coppola David M. , Fitzwater Emily , Rygg Alex D. , Craven Brent A.
Published: October 2019

The idea that the vertebrate nasal cavity operates like a gas chromatograph to separate and discriminate odors, referred to herein as the ‘chromatographic theory (CT),’ has a long and interesting history. Though the last decade has seen renewed interest in the notion, its validity remains in question. Here we examine a necessary condition of the theory: a correlation between nasal odor deposition patterns based on mucus solubility and the distribution of olfactory sensory neuron odotypes. Our recent work in the mouse failed to find such a relationship even across large sorption gradients within the olfactory epithelium (OE). However, these studies did not test extremely soluble odorants or low odor concentrations, factors that could explain our inability to find supporting evidence for the CT. The current study combined computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of odor sorption patterns and electroolfactogram (EOG) measurements of olfactory sensory neuron responses. The odorants tested were at the extremes of mucus solubility and at a range of concentrations. Results showed no relationship between local odor sorption patterns and EOG response maps. Together, results, again, failed to support a necessary condition of the CT casting further doubt on viability of this classical odor coding mechanism.
Online daily adaptive proton therapy
Authors: Albertini Francesca , Matter Michael , Nenoff Lena , Zhang Ye , Lomax Antony
Published: October 2019

It is recognized that the use of a single plan calculated on an image acquired some time before the treatment is generally insufficient to accurately represent the daily dose to the target and to the organs at risk. This is particularly true for protons, due to the physical finite range. Although this characteristic enables the generation of steep dose gradients, which is essential for highly conformal radiotherapy, it also tightens the dependency of the delivered dose to the range accuracy. In particular, the use of an outdated patient anatomy is one of the most significant sources of range inaccuracy, thus affecting the quality of the planned dose distribution. A plan should be ideally adapted as soon as anatomical variations occur, ideally online. In this review, we describe in detail the different steps of the adaptive workflow and discuss the challenges and corresponding state-of-the art developments in particular for an online adaptive strategy.
Emerging approaches to target mitochondrial apoptosis in cancer cells
Authors: Gilmore Andrew , King Louise
Published: October 2019

Apoptosis is a highly conserved programme for removing damaged and unwanted cells. Apoptosis in most cells is coordinated on mitochondria by the Bcl-2 family of proteins. The balance between pro- and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins sets a threshold for mitochondrial apoptosis, a balance that is altered during cancer progression. Consequently, avoidance of cell death is an established cancer hallmark. Although there is a general perception that tumour cells are more resistant to apoptosis than their normal counterparts, the realities of cell death regulation in cancer are more nuanced. In this review we discuss how a profound understanding of this control has led to new therapeutic approaches, including the new class of BH3-mimetics, which directly target apoptosis as a vulnerability in cancer. We discuss recent findings that highlight the current limitations in our understanding of apoptosis and how these novel therapeutics work.
SIMULATION OF FUGITIVE EMISSIONS OF DUST AND GASES INTO THE ATMOSPHERE DURING BLASTING OPERATIONS IN THE QUARRIES OF MINING AND PROCESSING PLANTS
Authors: Звягинцева Алла , Zvyaginceva Alla , Сазонова Светлана , Sazonova Svetlana , Кульнева В. , Kul'neva V.
Published: October 2019

The issues of the impact of harmful emissions from technological processes and productions in a mining and processing plant are considered. Investigations of the sources of the formation of poisonous twisted gases and dust in the atmosphere of the quarry were carried out The quantitative and qualitative composition of dust and gas emissions emitted during blasting operations is considered. The simulation of fugitive emissions of substances into the atmosphere with the definition of the main parameters of emissions during explosions. Based on the analysis of the calculations, it was revealed that the concentration of harmful substances in emissions is many times higher than the MPC, which creates a critical situation in the working areas of the plant. A comparative analysis of the project of limit-permissible emissions into the atmosphere and actual emissions at JSC Lebedinsky GOK was performed.
SIMULATOR ERROR STREAM IN THE DATA CHANNEL WHEN RECEIVING BINARY DIGITAL RADIO SIGNALS
Authors: Лавлинский В. , Lavlinskiy V. , Громов Юрий , Gromov Yuriy , Дидрих Ирина , Didrih Irina , Дидрих Валерий , Didrih Valeriy , Шелковников М. , Shelkovnikov M.
Published: October 2019

Based on the phenomenological approach, a simulator of the error flow in the sequence of data transmitted over the radio channel is developed. The proposed version of the simulator takes into account the features of coherent and incoherent reception of the most common binary digital signals with relative phase and frequency manipulation. Within the framework of data transmission modeling, the adequacy of the results and the possibility of using the considered method of error flow simulation are fully confirmed. The developed error flow simulator allows to evaluate the potential qualitative characteristics of data transmission and the effectiveness of data exchange protocols using radio channels. At the same time, the simulator implements the connection of the structure and intensity of the generated error flow with the technical characteristics of the data transmission means used and the conditions of communication.
Sistem Informasi Farmasi Berbasis Web Mobile Dengan Fitur Deteksi Kesalahan Obat Dalam Penjualan Obat Peracikan
Authors: Yuliansyah Herman , Hildayanti Ica Kurnia
Published: October 2019

Salah satu kegiatan di apotek adalah menjual resep atau non-resep. Kesalahan pengobatan dapat terjadi selama penjualan obat. Salah satu penyebab kesalahan pengobatan adalah kesalahan dalam pemberian resep obat. Dengan demikian, Sistem Informasi Farmasi memerlukan fitur yang dapat membantu dalam meminimalkan terjadinya kesalahan pengobatan. Metodologi dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara dan studi literatur. Sistem informasi memiliki tiga tingkat pengguna: admin, pekerja gudang dan apoteker. Sistem informasi memiliki fitur deteksi kesalahan obat untuk memproses transaksi penjualan obat peracikan. Sistem informasi dapat menentukan dosis maksimum obat-obatan untuk senyawa dan sistem informasi yang dilengkapi dengan fitur pemberitahuan untuk menyesuaikan antara dosis dokter dan dosis maksimum yang harus diberikan kepada pasien. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Sistem Informasi Farmasi, yang memiliki fitur deteksi kesalahan obat, dapat mencegah kesalahan pengobatan karena sistem akan memberikan pemberitahuan untuk menyesuaikan antara dosis dokter dan dosis maksimum.
Triage systems around the world: a historical evolution
Authors: Dippenaar Enrico
Published: October 2019

The process of triaging patients has come a long way. Stemming from the battlefield, it is the ability to sort casualties on the severity of their injuries that has improved the allocation of resources. In modern emergency centres, there is a constant struggle to balance limited resources against the ever-growing patient need. Since the late 1980s, when triage became the mainstream standard for sorting patients, many different systems have developed throughout the world. There was a rise in triage system design as emergency centres became more streamlined and resource-conscious. Countries around the world sought to develop triage systems that would be most effective in their given setting—giving rise to multiple variations of the triage process. This narrative review will explore the evolution of triage systems around the world by presenting: a historical perspective, how and where modern systems developed, what the main characteristics are of different systems, and a discussion of the current state of triage system evolution.
Guardado en el armario: prejuicios “inexistentes” revelados en autobiografía
Authors: Xavier Carvalho Taís
Published: October 2019

Gomes, S. (2017). Guardei no armário: a experiência de um jovem homossexual, negro e ex-evangélico na sétima maior cidade do mundo. Porto Alegre, RS: Pragmatha.El libro emGuardei no armário: a experiência de um jovem homossexual, negro e ex-evangélico na sétima maior cidade do mundo/em, autobiografía del autor y diseñador Samuel Gomes, se revela una obra cuya lectura es necesaria no solamente a causa de su autor (negro, homosexual y procedente de los suburbios pobres de São Paulo), sino también por su contenido. La obra aborda las diferentes situaciones preconceptuosas, a veces veladas, vividas por el escritor durante su vida y revela una realidad que muchos prefieren ignorar: la de un Brasil racista y preconceptuoso. Por eso, y por presentar un tema todavía muy actual, el texto de este autor novel es digno de atención y estudio.
Cultura religiosa y Cultura política: conflictos políticos y religiosos entre Masones, Jansenistas y el movimiento de Reacción Católica enPernambuco, Brasil, entre 1910 y 1930
Authors: Coelho Claudio Marcio
Published: October 2019

Este artículo se basa en la investigación histórica y sociológica que llevamos a cabo en el Doctorado en Historia Social de las Relaciones Políticas. El principal desafío de nuestro trabajo consiste en el estudio histórico de la confluencia entre cultura religiosa y cultura política en el Noreste de Brasil, específicamente en Pernambuco, uno de los mayores centros de actividad de la Reacción Católica en Brasil. Investigamos los conflictos políticos y religiosos entre Jansenistas, Masones y Jesuitas por la hegemonía en el campo educativo en el Noreste, en las primeras décadas del siglo XX, entre 1910 y 1930. De esta manera, destacamos los efectos políticos de la disputa de campo en el catolicismo ilustrado y en la producción intelectual del profesor Alfredo Freyre, padre del escritor y científico social brasileño Gilberto Freyre, así como la acción de la Iglesia Romana con las familias católicas tradicionales de la región.
Teacher candidates opinions on Arabic textbooks in grades 2-8
Authors: Polat Hüseyin
Published: October 2019

Textbooks in formal education are a very important tool for the implementation of programs. It also plays a major role in achieving the objectives of the programs. The success of foreign language education in formal education is achieved through books used among other factors. Some individuals who learn Arabic as a foreign language in our country are often looking for problems in learning Arabic in Arabic textbooks in formal education. With this research, determination of these problems and solutions were sought. The research is concerned with the evaluation of the textbooks used in grades 2-8 in the 2018-2019 academic year from the eyes of prospective teachers. 76 prospective teachers who attended 3rd and 4th grades at Gazi University participated in the study. As a result of the research, the idea of developing Arabic textbooks in terms of internal and external structure was dominant. It was suggested that the books should be complementary and that listening, reading, speaking and writing skills would be improved. ​Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. Özet Örgün eğitimdeki ders kitapları, programların uygulanması için çok önemli bir araçtır. Programların hedeflerine ulaşmasında da büyük rol oynamaktadır. Örgün eğitimdeki yabancı dil eğitiminin başarılı olması diğer etkenlerin yanı sıra kullanılan kitaplar sayesinde olmaktadır. Ülkemizde Arapçayı yabancı dil olarak öğrenen bazı bireyler de Arapçayı öğrenmedeki sorunları çoğunlukla örgün öğretimdeki Arapça ders kitaplarında aramaktadırlar. Bu araştırmayla söz konusu sorunların tespiti ve çözüm yolları aranmıştır. Araştırma 2018-2019 eğitim öğretim yılındaki 2-8 sınıflarda kullanılan ders kitaplarını öğretmen adaylarının gözünden değerlendirilmesi ile ilgilidir. Araştırmaya söz konusu eğitim öğretim yılında Gazi Üniversitesi’ndeki 3. ve 4. sınıflarda öğrenim görmek olan 76 öğretmen adayı katılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda Arapça ders kitaplarının iç ve dış yapı bakımından geliştirilmesi görüşü hâkim olmuştur. Kitapların birbirlerini tamamlar nitelikte olması, dinleme, okuma, konuşma ve yazma becerilerinin geliştirilmesi önerilmiştir.
Preliminary Development of Subsumption Architecture Control for Automated Guided Vehicle
Authors: Tanaya Prianggada Indra
Published: October 2019

Subsumption control architecture is an control architecture based on parallel system. Input of information of sensors is directly connected through modules in the control system, and further the decision making is connected to actuators. Automated Guided Vehicle or AGV is an automated component within integrated manufacturing system. In this article, this control architecture will be designed and implemented to an AGV. Commands are designed based on Object-Oriented technology. The commands are arranged in subsumption, where a command higher subsumed other command of its lower level. GPFO (Greater Priority First Out) technique is implemed for executing the commands by using multi-threading. Experimentation is performed to have the characteristics of commands being executed. This work introduce our effort to design an operating system for an AGV.
On group automorphisms in universal algebraic geometry
Authors: Shevlyakov Artem N.
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we study group equations with occurrences of automorphisms.
We describe equational domains in this class of equations.
Moreover, we solve a number of open problem posed in universal algebraic geometry.
Study of the behavior of the new insecticide cyantraniliprole in large lysimeters of the Moscow State University
Authors: Kolupaeva Victoria N. , Kokoreva Ann А. , Belik Alexandra A. , Pletenev Pavel A.
Published: October 2019

The behaviour of cyantraniliprole was studied in a lysimetric experiment. The experiment was carried out at the lysimeters of the Soil Research Station of Moscow State University from June 2015 to December 2018. The soil of lysimeter is soddy-podzolic silt loam. The insecticide was applied at the recommended and tenfold rates in 2015 and 2016. The maximum depth of migration of cyantraniliprole in the soil profile was 35 cm in October 2015 and 40 cm in October 2016. Cyantraniliprole was found in the leachate of lysimeter water 2 weeks after its first application in 2015 and continued until the end of 2018, that is, 2 years after the last treatment. Cyantraniliprole was found in most of the water samples analyzed. The maximum concentrations of cyantraniliprole in the leachate were 12.5 and 2.6 μg L−1 in lysimeters with tenfold and recommended doses, with mean values of - 1.7 and 0.6 μg L−1, respectively.
From shipwreck to constellation: Rethinking Meillassoux on Mallarmé from a semiotic perspective
Authors: Hopkins John Arnold Falcon
Published: October 2019

This essay assesses Quentin Meillassoux’s numerological approach to Mallarmé’s problematic but formally innovative poem “Un Coup de dés,” using a semiotic methodology to reveal the deficiencies of that approach from the viewpoint of literary theory. Section 1 describes my expanded version of Michael Riffaterre’s semiotic theory of the structure of modern poetry. Poems are generated by two underlying propositions, each of which governs the structure of a set of symbolic images on the textual surface. These “matricial” propositions are linked by a syntagmatic relation. The primary text functions as subject-sign of the Peircean semiotic triad; its object-sign is an intertextual model. The interpretant of these two textual signs is assembled by the reader and has a sociolectic counterpart – or context – which has similar lexical content but contrasting internal structure. This contrast may produce a change in the preconceptions of the reader. Section 2 examines Meillassoux’s approach to Mallarmé’s poem, which is preoccupied with a “number” supposedly encrypted in the text. This is not convincingly related to the propositional structure of the poem. In Section 3, the text is interpreted using a semiotics-based methodology. The poem is generated by two matrices: one concerning the “Master” versus the storm, and the second concerning the power of Chance. The relation linking the matrices is clarified. This analysis is compared with that of Meillassoux throughout. Section 4 resumes the differences between Meillassoux’s concentration on the “number” and the “siren,” and my analysis which centres on the relation between the Master (symbolising traditional poets and their preferred metre) and the Constellation (symbolising the wide range of new future poetic metres and formats). Meillassoux’s approach turns out to be unconvincing.
Protective effect of Kumquat fruits and carrot seeds extracts against brain aging in rats
Authors: Mohamed Doha Abdou , Fouda Karem , Hamed Ibrahim Mohamed , Abdelgayed Sherein s.
Published: October 2019

Introduction: Protection of brain against accelerated aging helps avoiding the occurrence of neurodegenerative diseases. So, the current work was conducted to evaluate the rescuing role of kumquat fruits crude ethanol extract, carrot seeds ethanol and petroleum ether extracts against the brain aging induced by D-galactose in rats. Methods: Forty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided equally into five groups. Group I was served as normal control, rats of group II were daily injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 150 mg/kg BW of D-galactose. Rats of group III, IV and V were daily injected i.p. with the same dose of D-galactose and administered orally with 250 mg/kg BW/day of kumquat fruits crude ethanol extract, carrot seeds ethanol extract and carrot seeds petroleum ether extract, respectively. After 6 weeks the rats were scarified, brain tissues were analyzed for malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT) as well as histological examination. Also, the plasma was analyzed for MDA, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), creatinine and urea levels, as well as CAT, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) activities. Results: From the results, it was elucidated that the tested extracts suppressed both the reduction in CAT and the elevation in MDA either in brain or plasma and the increase in plasma TNF-α, BChE as well as liver and kidney parameters. Conclusion: The tested extracts can be served as potent protective agents against the accelerated aging parameters which may be due to anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
Digesting the Massacre: Food Tours in Palestinian Towns in Israel
Authors: Amram Azri
Published: October 2019

Guided food tours of Israeli Jews to Palestinian towns in Israel are increasing in popularity in recent years. Indeed, the relations between Jews and Palestinians in Israel are often negotiated through the plate, and such food tours allow these relationships to be examined by both local Palestinian hosts and their Israeli-Jewish guests. In this article, I argue that food tours in Palestinian towns in Israel allow Palestinian citizens of Israel to express controversial sociopolitical messages and discuss them with Israeli-Jewish participants thanks to the unique characteristics of food tourism: a multisensory experience for tourists that creates value for the destination and its residents. I demonstrate how the practice of exploring and blurring symbolic boundaries through these tours creates a space that facilitates the delivery of explicit and implicit messages regarding civil rights issues, and even highly explosive topics such as national identity. The innocuous and ostensibly apolitical nature of food allows Israeli-Jewish tourists to come to terms, at least to a certain extent, with messages that may contradict some of the significant Zionist-Jewish narratives. This article is based on ethnography conducted from 2015–17 in Kafr Qasim, a Palestinian town in Israel. I joined “Ramadan Nights” tours that sought to present the customs of the month of Ramadan, the ninth month of the Islamic calendar in which, according to religion, Muslims fast from morning until nightfall. I show how the tour facilitates the “digestion” of messages that many Israeli Jews would otherwise find hard to accept, such as the massacre of forty-nine dwellers of Kafr Qasim by the Israeli military in 1956. I conclude by discussing the use of food and hospitality as a means of creating intimacy and challenging power relations and their role in facilitating the digestion of difficult messages.
Free Convection from a Vertical Permeable Circular Cone with Pressure Work and Non-Uniform Surface Temperature
Authors: Alam Md. M. M. , Alim M. A. A. , Chowdhury Md. M. K. M. K.
Published: October 2019

Laminar free convection from a vertical permeable circular cone maintained at non-uniform surface temperature with pressure work term is considered. Non-similarity solutions for boundary layer equations are found to exist when the surface temperature follows the power law variations with the distance measured from the leading edge. The numerical solutions of the transformed non-similar boundary layer equations are obtained by using two methodologies, namely, (i) a finite difference method and (ii) a series solution or perturbation method for small values of ξ, the dimensionless suction parameter. Solutions obtained in terms of skin-friction coefficient, local rate of heat transfer, velocity and temperature profiles for the values of Prandtl number, pressure work parameter and temperature gradient are displayed in both graphical and tabular forms. Finite difference solutions are compared with the solutions obtained by perturbation technique and found to be in excellent agreement near the leading edge.
On the Abel Equation of the Second Kind with Sinusoidal Forcing
Authors: Alobaidi G. , Mallier R.
Published: October 2019

We consider the Abel equation of the second kind with sinusoidal forcing, which is a model equation for western boundary outflow in the Stommel model of the large scale ocean circulation. Series solutions of this equation indicate the presence of resonances at certain discrete values of a parameter which measures the nonlinearity of the flow, but numerical solutions using a standard scheme show no evidence of these resonances. We discuss and resolve this apparent contradiction.
Process Distribution in the Network Systems
Authors: Augutis J. , Ušpuras E. , Krikštolaitis R. , Matuzas V.
Published: October 2019

Performing risk analysis of systems, evaluating reliability of technological objects, hazard of technological processes, we usually have to systems of network type and distribution of various processes in such systems. A well-known mathematical apparatus of diffusive processes example is dispersion in continuum medium (air, water, etc.). Process distribution in network systems is simpler, however, it much depends on network features. In this article theory of Markov chains is selected, distributions of different processes in transitional regimes are analysed as well as issues of their stability. Created models may be used in many different ways, for example, for the analysis or viruses in computer networks, hazard distribution in transport systems regarding transportation of hazardous materials, etc.
Some Advanced Fiber-Optical Amplitude Modulated Reflection Displacement and Refractive Index Sensors
Authors: Kleiza V. , Verkelis J.
Published: October 2019

Some advanced fiber-optic amplitude modulated reflection displacement sensors and refractive index sensors have been developed. An improved three-fiber displacement sensor has been investigated as a refractive index sensor by computer simulations in a large interval of displacement. Some new regularities have been revealed. A reflection fiber-optic displacement sensor of novel configuration, consisting of double optical-pair fibers with a definite angle between the measuring tips of fibers in the pairs has been proposed, designed, and experimentally investigated to indicate and measure the displacement and refractive index of gas and liquid water solutions. The proposed displacement sensor and refractive index sensor configuration improves the measuring sensitivity in comparison with the known measuring methods. The refractive index sensor sensitivity Snsub = 4 × 10−7 RIU/mV was achieved. The displacement sensor sensitivity is Ssub = 1702 mV/µm in air (n = 1.00027).
A Nonlinear Dynamical Model to Study the Removal of Gaseous and Particulate Pollutants in a Rain System
Authors: Naresh R. , Sundar S.
Published: October 2019

An ecological type nonlinear mathematical model is proposed to study the removal of gaseous pollutants and two distinct particulate matters by precipitation scavenging in the atmosphere. The atmosphere during precipitation consists of five interacting phases namely the raindrops phase, the gaseous pollutants phase, the smaller particulate matters phase, the larger particulate matters phase and the absorbed phase of gaseous pollutants. We assume that gaseous pollutants are removed from the atmosphere by the processes of impaction as well as by absorption while particulate matters are assumed to be removed by impaction process. The model is analyzed using stability theory of nonlinear differential equations. It is shown that, under appropriate conditions, the pollutants can be removed from the atmosphere and their removal rates would depend mainly upon the rates of emission of pollutants, rate of rain drops formation and the rate of raindrops falling on the ground. If the rate of precipitation is very high, all the pollutants (gaseous as well as particulate matters) would be removed completely from the atmosphere. A numerical study is also performed to study the dynamics of the model system. The results are found to be in line with the experimental observations published in the literature.
Nonlinear Spectra for Parameter Dependent Ordinary Differential Equations
Authors: Sadyrbaev F. , Gritsans A.
Published: October 2019

Eigenvalue problems of the form x'' = −λf(x) + µg(x)  (i),  x(0) = 0, x(1) = 0  (ii) are considered. We are looking for (λ, µ) such that the problem (i), (ii) has a nontrivial solution. This problem generalizes the famous Fuchik problem for piece-wise linear equations. In our considerations functions f and g may be super-, sub- and quasi-linear in various combinations. The spectra obtained under the normalization condition (otherwise problems may have continuous spectra) structurally are similar to usual Fuchik spectrum for the Dirichlet problem. We provide explicit formulas for Fuchik spectra for super and super, super and sub, sub and super, sub and sub cases, where superlinear and sublinear parts of equations are of the form |x|2αx and |x|1/(2β+1) respectively (α > 0, β > 0.)
On Similarity Solutions and Interface Reactions for a Vector-Valued Stefan Problem
Authors: Vermolen F. J. J.
Published: October 2019

In this paper first it is shown for several geometries that classical similarity solutions for particle growth exist if and only if the Stefan problem is well-posed in the sense of being mass conserving. The extension of the similarity solutions to multicomponent alloys, which makes the problem nonlinear, is illustrated by the application to a hypothetic alloy with realistic input values. The similarity solutions are based on the assumption of local equilibrium at the interface. In the second part, the assumption of local equilibrium is relaxed using a first-order interface reaction. The influence of the interface reaction on the movement of the interface and on the interface concentrations is evaluated using Finite Difference calculations. A Newton scheme is used to solve the nonlinear problem.
Numerical Modeling of Contaminant Transport with Spatially-Dependent Dispersion and Non-Linear Chemical Reaction
Authors: Chamkha A. J. J.
Published: October 2019

A one-dimensional advective-dispersive contaminant transport model with scale-dependent dispersion coefficient in the presence of a nonlinear chemical reaction of arbitrary order is considered. Two types of variations of the dispersion coefficient with the downstream distance are considered. The first type assumes that the dispersivity increases as a polynomial function with distance while the other assumes an exponentiallyincreasing function. Since the general problem is nonlinear and possesses no analytical solutions, a numerical solution based on an efficient implicit iterative tri-diagonal finitedifference method is obtained. Comparisons with previously published analytical and numerical solutions for special cases of the main transport equation are performed and found to be in excellent agreement. A parametric study of all physical parameters is conducted and the results are presented graphically to illustrate interesting features of the solutions. It is found that the chemical reaction order and rate coefficient have significant effects on the contaminant concentration profiles. Furthermore, the scale-dependent polynomial type dispersion coefficient is predicted to obtain significant changes in the contaminant concentration at all dimensionless time stages compared with the constant dispersion case. However, relatively smaller changes in the concentration level are predicted for the exponentially-increasing dispersion coefficient.
Deterministic and Stochastic Analysis of a Ratio-Dependent Predator-Prey System with Delay
Authors: Maiti A. , Jana M. M. M. , Samanta G. P. P.
Published: October 2019

Recently ratio-dependent predator-prey models have become the focus of considerable attention in theoretical ecology in their own right. In this paper, we have studied the deterministic and stochastic dynamical aspects of stability of a MichaelisMenten type ratio-dependent predator-prey system that includes discrete time-delay. Computer simulations are carried out to explain the analytical findings in deterministic environment. The biological implications of our analytical and numerical findings are discussed critically.
Motion of a Self-Propelling Micro-Organism in a Channel Under Peristalsis: Effects of Viscosity Variation
Authors: Radhakrishnamacharya G. , Sharma R.
Published: October 2019

The motion of a self propelling micro-organism symmetrically located in a rectangular channel containing viscous fluid has been studied by considering the peristaltic and longitudinal waves travelling along the walls of the channel. Theexpressions for the velocity of the micro-organism and time average flux have been obtained under long wavelength approximation by taking into account the viscosity variation of the fluid across the channel. Particular cases for constant viscosity and when it is represented by a step function have been discussed. It has been observed that the velocity of the micro-organism decreases as the viscosity of the peripheral layer increases and its thickness decreases.
Stabilizing Unstable Periodic Orbits of the Multi-Scroll Chua's Attractor
Authors: Boukabou A. , Chebbah A. , Belmahboul A.
Published: October 2019

This paper addresses the control of the n-scroll Chua’s circuit. It will be shown how chaotic systems with multiple unstable periodic orbits (UPOs) detected in the Poincar´e section can be stabilized as well as taking the system dynamics from one UPO to another.
A Joint Limit Theorem for Laplace Transforms of the Riemann Zeta–Function
Authors: Laurinčikas A.
Published: October 2019

In the paper, a joint limit theorem in the sense of weak convergence of probability measures on the complex plane for Laplace transforms of the Riemann zetafunction is obtained.
Estimation of Convergence Rate in the Transfer Theorem for Maxima
Authors: Aksomaitis A.
Published: October 2019

Let ZN be a maximum of independent identically distributed random variables. In this paper, a nonuniform estimate of convergence rate in the transfer theorem max-scheme is obtained. Presented results make the estimates, given in [1] and [2], more precise.
Numerical Simulation of the Performance Characteristics of the Hybrid Closed Circuit Cooling Tower
Authors: Sarker M. M. A. M. A. , Kim E. , Moon G. C. C. , Yoon J. I. I.
Published: October 2019

The performance characteristics of the Hybrid Closed Circuit Cooling Tower (HCCCT) have been investigated applying computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Widely reported CFD techniques are applied to simulate the air-water two phase flow inside the HCCCT. The pressure drop and the cooling capacity were investigated from several perspectives. Three different transverse pitches were tested and found that a pitch of 45 mm had lower pressure drop. The CFD simulation indicated that when air is supplied from the side wall of the HCCCT, the pressure drop can be over predicted and the cooling capacity can be under predicted mainly due to the non-uniform air flow distribution across the coil bank. The cooling capacity in wet mode have been calculated with respect to wet-bulb temperature (WBT) and cooling water to air mass flow rates for different spray water volume flow rates and the results were compared to the experimental measurement and found to conform well for the air supply from the bottom end. The differences of the cooling capacity and pressure drop in between the CFD simulation and experimental measurement in hybrid mode were less than 5 % and 7 % respectively for the uniform air flow distribution.
A Two-Dimentional Discrete Limit Theorem in the Space of Analytic Functions for Mellin Transforms of the Riemann Zeta-Function
Authors: Balinskaitė V. , Laurinčikas V.
Published: October 2019

In the paper, a two-dimentional discrete limit theorem in the sense of weak convergence of probability measures in the space of analytic functions for Mellin transforms of the Riemann zeta-function on the critical line is obtained.