bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ReDesign: Redesigning learning through a new Learning Management System
Authors: Avgousti Maria Iosifina , Hadjistassou Stella K.
Published: November 2019

In a world which abounds with digitally-driven changes, an orthodoxy of technology adoption and utilisation in higher education is emerging, and it is deemed critical for steering the discussions of experts for planning and implementing a digitally-enabled ecology where students and faculty members alike will benefit. Although several types of software that host educational or training content for students have been used in previous studies, the aim of this EU-funded project was to design a digitally-enabled platform that would afford culturally-driven exchanges between university students and collaboration among faculty members of the same disciplines across Europe. The platform is based on, but extends beyond, principles of standard Learning Management Systems (LMSs) and Facebook, by affording Web 2.0 tools, Augmented Reality (AR) applications, and QR codes. Further, the platform has been designed based on multiple pilot testing phases, students’ individual needs, instructors’ constructive feedback, and the tailored needs of each academic discipline. This EU-funded project is a joint effort to guide instructors and students in experiencing the curricula in different academic institutions, to guide instructors and students in understanding the affordances and contradictions of intercultural telecollaboration, and to guide students in developing a conceptual understanding of complex constructs in their discipline.
Longitudinal investigation on personality traits and mental health relationships: the mediating role of work-family interference and enhancement
Authors: Semerci Anil , Volery Thierry
Published: November 2019

Background

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of the Big Five personality traits on work-family interference/enhancement and mental health using a three-wave longitudinal design.

Participants and procedure

The paper draws on a sample (N = 886) from the Household, Income and Labor Dynamics in Australia survey. Structural equa-tion modeling was used to examine the measures of the variables and assess their associations across three time periods.

Results

The results indicate that conscientiousness and emotional stability are the personality traits that are associated with work-to-family enhancement over time. In addition, work-to-family enhancement is a mediator between emotional stability and mental health. Overall, there exists a positive reciprocal relationship between work-to-family enhancement and mental health throughout the three waves.

Conclusions

This study showed that there is a bidirectional positive link between work-to-family enhancement and mental health. The find-ings suggest that organizations will benefit not only from developing interventions to enrich employees’ work skills, behav-iors/attitudes but also from promoting their mental health and emotional stability. This study is the first to confirm the partial mediation role of work-to-family enhancement between emotional stability and mental health, and bidirectional relations of work-to-family enhancement and mental health. Moreover, the longitudinal design of this study overcomes the limitations of prior cross-sectional studies in evaluating the relationships of constructs.
Desire for control and personality as predictors of three communication traits in a public speaking context
Authors: MacIntyre Peter , MacKay Emily
Published: November 2019

Background

Communication in general, and public speaking in particular, are important means to exert influence over other people; control is an enduring motive for communication. People differ substantially in the amount of control they typically want; some seek control and others tend to avoid it. But is the desire for control (DC) redundant with more basic personality traits in predicting individual differences related to public speaking?

Participants and procedure

This study, conducted with 196 undergraduate students using well-established measures, examines correla-tions among desire for control, the Big Five, and three communication traits specifically referencing public speaking: willingness to communicate, perceived competence, and public speaking anxiety. The measures were administered by questionnaire.

Results

Correlations show that people with higher DC tend to be more willing to communicate and perceive themselves to be more competent and, to a weaker extent, less anxious. Hierarchical multiple regressions show that the role of DC is not redundant with Big Five personality traits in predicting willingness to communicate and self-perceived competence, but also that DC does not significantly add to predicting public speaking anxiety.

Conclusions

Speaking in a public context may be especially attractive to persons with a desire for control who tend to feel both willing and able to communicate. Public speaking anxiety appears less consistently related to individual differences in DC.
Psycho-physiological mechanism of energy transfer in the human body: myth or reality?
Authors: Gajewski Michał , Różycka-Tran Joanna , Le Hao
Published: November 2019

The authors consider the existence of an energy transfer system (ETS) in the human body and its consequenc-es for health, performing a review of the available literature and studies. The article is an attempt to describe the possible psychophysiological mechanism of ETS (i.e. mechanism of transmission of stimuli in connective tissue) based on biochemical reactions, which was first described in Eastern Medicine a long time ago. Some previously reported results suggest that it is possible to modulate the psychophysiological effects on the con-nective tissue, and that the internal ETS can be activated not only through internal acupoints but also through breath self-regulation techniques. Among the people specialized in such breathing are martial art fighters. In a very preliminary pilot study we investigate four cases in a Vietnamese Thiên Môn Đạo (TMD) group, where breathing techniques result in cardiovascular and blood pressure changes, which can indirectly suggest activa-tion of ETS. An additional energy system in the human body is postulated. However, future research is serious-ly needed. Findings could be applicable e.g. in cardiac rehabilitation programs.
Construction of a Parentification Questionnaire for Youth
Authors: Borchet Judyta , Lewandowska-Walter Aleksandra , Połomski Piotr , Peplińska Aleksandra
Published: November 2019

Background

Parentification is defined as a pattern of family interactions in which a child or an adolescent provides exces-sive care to the parents instead of receiving it from them. The phenomenon is linked to family difficulties, per-sonality disorders or abuse of psychoactive substances, yet in some circumstances, it may be a factor contrib-uting to an increase in mental resilience and one’s independence.

Participants and procedure

The aim of the study was to prepare a parentification questionnaire for adolescents, adapted to Polish cultural conditions. The study involved 641 teenagers.

Results

On the basis of confirmatory factor analysis, two versions of the tool were created: for adolescents without sib-lings (4 basic subscales) and for adolescents with siblings (4 basic and 2 additional subscales).

Conclusions

The questionnaire draws attention to the multidimensional character of the phenomenon of parentification, focusing on the type of roles and tasks performed by a teenager (i.e. emotional and instrumental parentifica-tion), the level of a sense of injustice and satisfaction with the role played in the family system. Additionally, the test allows us to focus on the recipient of the care provided by the child (parents or siblings) while maintaining a structure that allows for conducting research with both only children and persons with siblings and facilitates comparison between them.
Retrieval of temperature from a multiple channel pure rotational Raman backscatter lidar using an optimal estimation method
Authors: Mahagammulla Gamage Shayamila , Sica Robert J. , Martucci Giovanni , Haefele Alexander
Published: November 2019

Abstract. We present a new method for retrieving temperature from pure rotational Raman (PRR) lidar measurements. Our optimal estimation method (OEM) used in this study uses the full physics of PRR scattering and does not require any assumption of the form for a calibration function nor does it require fitting of calibration factors over a large range of temperatures. The only calibration required is the estimation of the ratio of the lidar constants of the two PRR channels (coupling constant) that can be evaluated at a single or multiple height bins using a simple analytic expression. The uncertainty budget of our OEM retrieval includes both statistical and systematic uncertainties, including the uncertainty in the determination of the coupling constant on the temperature. We show that the error due to calibration can be reduced significantly using our method, in particular in the upper troposphere when calibration is only possible over a limited temperature range. Some other advantages of our OEM over the traditional Raman lidar temperature retrieval algorithm include not requiring correction or gluing to the raw lidar measurements, providing a cutoff height for the temperature retrievals that specifies the height to which the retrieved profile is independent of the a priori temperature profile, and the retrieval's vertical resolution as a function of height. The new method is tested on PRR temperature measurements from the MeteoSwiss RAman Lidar for Meteorological Observations system in clear and cloudy sky conditions, compared to temperature calculated using the traditional PRR calibration formulas, and validated with coincident radiosonde temperature measurements in clear and cloudy conditions during both daytime and nighttime.
Instrumental characteristics and Greenhouse gases measurement capabilities of the Compact High-spectral Resolution Infrared Spectrometer: CHRIS
Authors: El Kattar Marie-Thérèse , Auriol Frédérique , Herbin Hervé
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Ground-based high spectral resolution infrared measurements are an efficient way to obtain accurate tropospheric abundances of different gaseous species and in particular GreenHouse Gases (GHG), such as CO2 and CH4. Many ground-based spectrometers are used in the NDACC and TCCON networks to validate the Level 2 satellite data, but their large dimensions and heavy mass makes them inadequate for field campaigns. To overcome these problems, the use of portable spectrometers was recently investigated. In this context, this paper deals with the CHRIS (Compact High-spectral Resolution Infrared Spectrometer) prototype with unique characteristics such as its high spectral resolution (0.135 cm-1 non-apodized) and its wide spectral range (680 to 5200 cm-1). Its main objective is the characterization of gases and aerosols in the infrared thermal region, that's why it requires high radiometric precision and accuracy, which is achieved by performing spectral and radiometric calibrations that will be presented in this paper. Also, CHRIS's capabilities to retrieve CO2 and CH4 vertical profiles are presented through a complete information content analysis, a channel selection and an error budget estimation in the attempt to join the ongoing campaigns, such as MAGIC, to monitor the GHG and validate the actual and future space missions.
Disequilibrium of terrestrial ecosystem CO2 budget caused by disturbance-induced emissions and non-CO2 carbon export flows: a global model assessment
Authors: Ito Akihiko
Published: November 2019

Abstract. The global carbon budget of terrestrial ecosystems is
chiefly determined by major flows of carbon dioxide (CO2) such as
photosynthesis and respiration, but various minor flows exert considerable
influence in determining carbon stocks and their turnover. This study
assessed the effects of eight minor carbon flows on the terrestrial carbon
budget using a process-based model, the Vegetation Integrative SImulator for
Trace gases (VISIT), which included non-CO2 carbon flows, such as
methane and biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions and
subsurface carbon exports and disturbances such as biomass burning, land-use
changes, and harvest activities. The range of model-associated uncertainty
was evaluated through parameter-ensemble simulations and the results were
compared with corresponding observational and modeling studies. In the
historical period of 1901–2016, the VISIT simulation indicated that the
minor flows substantially influenced terrestrial carbon stocks, flows, and
budgets. The simulations estimated mean net ecosystem production in 2000–2009 as 3.21±1.1 Pg C yr−1 without minor flows and 6.85±0.9 Pg C yr−1 with minor flows. Including minor carbon flows
yielded an estimated net biome production of 1.62±1.0 Pg C yr−1
in the same period. Biomass burning, wood harvest, export of organic carbon
by water erosion, and BVOC emissions had impacts on the global terrestrial
carbon budget amounting to around 1 Pg C yr−1 with specific interannual variabilities. After including the minor flows, ecosystem carbon storage was
suppressed by about 440 Pg C, and its mean residence time was shortened by
about 2.4 years. The minor flows occur heterogeneously over the land, such that
BVOC emission, subsurface export, and wood harvest occur mainly in the
tropics, and biomass burning occurs extensively in boreal forests. They also
differ in their decadal trends, due to differences in their driving factors.
Aggregating the simulation results by land-cover type, cropland fraction,
and annual precipitation yielded more insight into the contributions of
these minor flows to the terrestrial carbon budget. Considering their
substantial and unique roles, these minor flows should be taken into account
in the global carbon budget in an integrated manner.
Gap-Free Global Annual Soil Moisture: 15km Grids for 1991–2016
Authors: Guevara Mario , Taufer Michela , Vargas Rodrigo
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Soil moisture is key for quantifying soil-atmosphere interactions and the ESA-CCI (European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative) provides historical (> 30 years) satellite soil moisture gridded data at the global scale. We evaluate an alternative approach to increase the spatial resolution of the original ESA-CCI soil moisture measurements from 27 km to 15 km grids by coupling machine learning (ML) algorithms with information from digital terrain analysis at the global scale. We modeled mean annual ESA-CCI soil moisture values across 26 years of available data (1991–2016) using a ML based kernel method and multiple terrain parameters (e.g., slope, wetness index) as prediction factors. We used ground information from the International Soil Moisture Network (ISMN, n = 13376) for evaluating soil moisture predictions. We provide gap-free mean annual soil moisture predictions, which increase by nearly 50 % the spatial resolution of ESA-CCI soil moisture product. Our predictions showed a statistical accuracy varying 0.69–0.87 % and 0.04 m3/m3 of cross-validated explained variance and root mean squared error (RMSE). We found no significant differences between the ESA-CCI and our predictions, but we found discrepancy between multiple evaluation metrics (e.g., bias vs efficiency) comparing the ESA-CCI with the ISMN. We found a negative bias (−0.01 to −0.08 m3/m3) between the values of ISMN when comparing with the ESA-CCI and our predictions across the analyzed years. A temporal analysis, using a robust trend detection strategy (i.e., Theil-Sen estimator), suggests a decline of soil moisture at the global scale that is consistent in both gridded datasets and field measurements of soil moisture varying from −0.7[−0.77, −0.62] % in the ESA-CCI product, −0.9[−1.01, −0.8] % in the downscaled predictions, and −1.6 [−1.7, −1.5] % in the ISMN. The soil moisture predictions provided here (http://www.hydroshare.org/resource/b940b704429244a99f902ff7cb30a31f) could be useful for quantifying soil moisture spatial and temporal dynamics across areas with low availability of soil moisture information in the original ESA-CCI database.
Aged streams: Time lags of nitrate, chloride and tritium assessed by Dynamic Groundwater Flow Tracking
Authors: Kaandorp Vince P. , Broers Hans Peter , de Louw Perry G. B.
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Surface waters are under pressure of diffuse pollution from agricultural activities and groundwater is known to be a connection between the agricultural fields and streams. We calculated in-stream concentrations by coupling input curves for tritium, chloride and nitrate with dynamic groundwater travel time distributions (TTDs) derived from a distributed, transient 3D groundwater flow model using forward particle tracking. We tested our approach in a lowland stream and found that the variable contribution of different groundwater flow paths to stream water quality reasonably explained the majority of long-term and seasonal variation in the measured stream nitrate concentrations. A sensitivity analysis was done to study the breakthrough of agricultural nitrate and it was found that an unsaturated zone, increased mean travel time and a longer distance between agricultural fields and stream cause a lag in the breakthrough of agricultural solutes. Similarly, the recovery of concentrations after measures that aim to reduce the solute inputs is determined by these parameters, with combinations of slow reduction rates and long MTT tending to result in considerable lag times after start of the reductions. We labelled the part of the catchment area where the seepage water infiltrated that contributes to stream discharge at a certain moment in time the groundwater contributing area. This groundwater contributing area was shown to increase and shrink based on wetness conditions within the catchment. Especially the location of agricultural fields in the groundwater contributing area in relation to the catchments’ drainage network was found to be an important factor that largely governs the travel times of the agricultural pollutants. We conclude that groundwater functions as a buffer on the effect of agricultural pollution, by distributing water in time and space and making it possible for different waters to mix.
Terms of public service: Framing mobile privacy discourses
Authors: Popiel Pawel
Published: November 2019

Engaging normative theories of the press and research examining the evolution of privacy coverage, this study examines press coverage of mobile app privacy issues between 2013 and 2016. The research sheds light on how the press frames privacy concerns within the mobile app context. Since such coverage can define the norms circumscribing the flows of users’ personal information, this study contributes to the debate about the role of the press in alerting the public to privacy issues that carry significant public interest implications. Ultimately, mobile privacy coverage favors certain solutions over others, emphasizes privacy tradeoffs over privacy rights, and balances user powerlessness with mobile app convenience and innovation, with implications for privacy discourses in public and policy arenas.
@JunckerEU vs. @MartinSchulz: How leading candidates in the 2014 European Parliament elections campaigned on Twitter
Authors: Meganck Shana , Guidry Jeanine , Messner Marcus , Medina-Messner Vivian
Published: November 2019

Twitter has become a valuable tool both for politicians trying to monitor conversations and communicate with constituents as well as for publics interested in discussing and engaging on political matters. This is the first study to research Twitter use during the 2014 European Parliament elections. Twitter posts by the two main candidates in the elections, Jean-Claude Juncker and Martin Schulz, were comparatively analyzed with specific emphasis on frequency of Twitter use, content of tweets and interaction levels. Results showed that unlike previous research studies on Twitter use by politicians, the candidate that used Twitter less often and used the interactive characteristics of Twitter less frequently won the election. However, the winning candidate focused significantly more on specific topics and functions of relevance to European voters, such as immigration and the targeting of specific EU countries.
Mobile learning and student engagement in remote field activities
Authors: Ralston Anthony , Hernandez Guillermo , Dyck Miles , MacKenzie M. Derek , Quideau Sylvie A.
Published: November 2019

This research is centred on an investigation of the potential for the use of mobile learning in remote field study locations by university students. The study focused on both geospatial concepts and abilities, instructional design methodologies and the impact of learning through the use of mobile devices and online learning. The study group included a total of 118 students enrolled in the University of Alberta, in the Department of Renewal Resources. The research methodology included mixed method approach that included the dissemination of online surveys, feedback forms completed during field study, and anecdotal data collected by instructors. A major pedagogical change in the course design resulted in students accessing mobile devices in place of traditional hard-copy maps in order to conduct their field studies.
Miller's An Enemy of the People: Is Chaos Come Again?
Authors: Dubost Thierry
Published: November 2019

Arthur Miller's adaptation of Ibsen's An Enemy of the People is about a doctor who becomes “the people's enemy” after discovering that the water of the public baths is polluted. The play, which resonated with the American political context of the 1950s, belongs in the tradition of science plays. It addresses major political and ethical issues about the links between science and truth. Beyond adaptation as a significant artistic gesture, the author shows how Miller's political approach to science reflects his culture of the mid-twentieth century, based on the philosophical framework of the Enlightenment and the rise of experiment-based empirical science in seventeenth-century Europe. A contemporary reading of An Enemy of the People including a postmodern rejection of rationality suggests that it resonates very differently today, illustrating through science the most worrisome dangers of our time.
Gender as a Moderator of the Association Between Exposure to Violent Media Contents and Aggressive Behaviour in a Sample of Nigerian In-School Adolescents
Authors: Nwajiuba Chinyere Augusta , Eseadi Chiedu , Onwuasoanya Paul N. , Anyaegbunam Emenike N. , Onwudinjo Oluchi Queen , Uwakwe Rowland C. , Awoke Ngozi , Kalu Ijeoma Awa , Agboti Iheanacho Christian , Onyechi Kay C. , Nwefuru Bartholomew C.
Published: November 2019

This is a correlational survey research which was carried out to find out if gender is a moderator of the association between exposure to violent media contents and aggressive behaviour in a sample of Nigerian in-school adolescents. The respondents were 603 senior secondary class 2 adolescents in Onitsha Education Zone of Anambra State. Two self-report questionnaires measuring violent media contents consumption and aggressive behaviour respectively were used for collection of data. Chart, partial correlation, and regression statistics were utlized to analyze and interpret the data. The research hypothesis was considered significant at .05 probability level. Results indicate that, to a very high extent, gender moderated the relationship between exposure to violent media contents and aggressive behaviour among in-school adolescents. Also, it was found that gender significantly moderated the relationship between exposure to violent media contents and aggressive behaviour among in-school adolescents. It is recommended that Nigerian secondary schools should initiate and promote gender-friendly and gender-transformative school-based interventions that would help mitigate aggression among in-school adolescents.
Clustering Techniques for Land Use Land Cover Classification of Remotely Sensed Images
Authors: Chakraborty Debasish
Published: November 2019

Image processing is growing fast and persistently. The idea of remotely sensed image clustering is to categorize the image into meaningful land use land cover classes with respect to a particular application. Image clustering is a technique to group an image into units or categories that are homogeneous with respect to one or more characteristics. There are many algorithms and techniques that have been developed to solve image clustering problems, though, none of the method is a general solution. This chapter will highlight the various clustering techniques that bring together the current development on clustering and explores the potentiality of those techniques in extracting earth surface features information from high spatial resolution remotely sensed imageries. It also will provide an insight about the existing mathematical methods and its application to image clustering. Special emphasis will be given on Hölder exponent (HE) and Variance (VAR). HE and VAR are well-established techniques for texture analysis. This chapter will highlight about the Hölder exponent and variance-based clustering method for classifying land use/land cover in high spatial resolution remotely sensed images.
Fatal Tension Hemothorax Combined With Exanguination: A Rare Complication of Neurofibromatosis
Authors: Bidad Roz , Hall Caroline , Blohm Eike
Published: November 2019

Neurofibromatosis (NF) is a common autosomal dominant disorder that can be subdivided into type 1, type 2, and schwannomatosis. Patients with NF1 typically develop café-au-lait spots, scoliosis, and benign neurofibromas. In addition, NF1 predisposes to vascular complications including stenosis, arterial ectasia, and aneurysms. Here, we report the case of an otherwise healthy 32-year-old man who developed a fatal tension hemothorax due to vertebral artery aneurysm rupture. Based on the available literature, we discuss the presentation, workup, and available therapeutic approaches to this complication of neurofibromatosis.
Gastric Outlet Obstruction Due to Malposition of Replacement Gastrostomy Tube
Authors: Becker Brent , Walker Travis
Published: November 2019

A 78-year old male presented to the emergency department after accidental dislodgement of his chronic gastrostomy tube. A replacement gastrostomy tube was passed easily through the existing stoma and flushed without difficulty. Confirmatory abdominal radiography demonstrated contrast in the proximal small bowel, but the patient subsequently developed epigastric pain and refractory vomiting. Computed tomography revealed the tip of the gastrostomy tube terminating in the pylorus or proximal duodenum. This case highlights gastric outlet obstruction complicating the replacement of a gastrostomy tube and the associated radiographic findings.
Difficult Intraoperative Heparinization Following Andexanet Alfa Administration
Authors: Watson C. James , Zettervall Sara , Hall Matthew , Ganetsky Michael
Published: November 2019

Direct oral anticoagulants are now commonplace, and reversal agents are recently becoming available. Andexanet alfa (AnXa), approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration in 2018, is a novel decoy molecule that reverses factor Xa inhibitors in patients with major hemorrhage. We present a case of a 70-year-old man taking rivaroxaban with hemodynamic instability from a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. He received AnXa prior to endovascular surgery, and intraoperatively he could not be heparinized for graft placement. Consideration should be given to the risks and benefits of AnXa administration in patients who require anticoagulation after hemorrhage has been controlled.
Man With Bilateral Leg Swelling
Authors: Toy Jake , Garrett Alexander , Liu Yiju
Published: November 2019

A 52-year-old man without known medical history presented with painful, progressive, bilateral lower extremity edema over a two-week period. An abdominal exam noted a firm left upper quadrant mass. Emergency department (ED) point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) revealed a hyperechoic, heterogeneous structure in the inferior vena cava that was determined to represent a tumor thrombus extending from a primary renal cell carcinoma. This case demonstrates how POCUS was valuable in rapidly diagnosing this rare cause of lower extremity edema and its usefulness in directing the initial ED management of this patient.
Barcelona sale a escena: el uso de la ciudad como espacio fílmico
Authors: Villanova Maria Alejandra
Published: November 2019

Las películas que utilizan las ciudades como escenografía, sus calles, sus casas y su gente, montan una ciudad a partir de fragmentos. ¿Cómo se conectan en el espacio y en el tiempo esas imágenes-movimientos y cuáles son las ciudades que dan como resultado?Para investigar sobre ello se han seleccionado cuatro ficciones donde se retratan Barcelonas bajo diferentes caracterizaciones (personajes), todas ellas verosímiles, que van de la mano de guiones que han hallado sus historias en dichos escenarios.

The films using cities as scenery, their streets, their houses and their people, assemble a city from fragments. How do these movement images connect in space and time and which cities result? In order to investigate about this, four fictions have been selected where Barcelona is portrayed under different characterizations, all of them credible, which go hand in hand with scripts that have found their stories in those scenarios.
Processus urbains
Authors: Bourdin Alain
Published: November 2019

El éxito del urbanismo provisional atestigua una evolución más general, que consiste en dar más importancia a los procesos que hacen la ciudad y que influyen considerablemente en la puesta en obra de los proyectos. Este artículo examina el ejemplo de la gentrificación para mostrar hasta qué punto es necesario tener en cuenta la diversidad y la complejidad de estos procesos sin ser simplista. Al mismo tiempo, demuestra que un proceso sólo es verdaderamente comprensible a través de los estados sucesivos del sistema en el cual se desarrolla.

Le succès de l’urbanisme provisoire témoigne d’une évolution plus générale. Elle consiste à donner plus d’importance aux processus qui font la ville et qui influencent considérablement la mise en œuvre des projets. Cet article examine l’exemple de la gentrifcation pour montrer combien il est important de prendre en compte la diversité et la complexité de ces processus et de ne pas être simpliste. Il montre aussi qu’un processus n’est vraiment compréhensible qu’à travers les états successifs du système dans lequel il se développe.

The success of the provisional urbanism proves a more general evolution which consists in giving more importance to the processes that make the city and that significantly influence the implementation of the projects.This article examines the example of gentrification to show to what extent it is necessary to take into account the diversity and complexity of these processes without being simplistic. At the same time it shows that a process is only truly comprehensible through the successive states of the system in which it develops.
C&RL Spotlight
Authors: Kaspar Wendi
Published: November 2019

How to find a research topic, problem statement, or a question that’s worth publishingThere is some irony as I write this, as it is the third attempt at a column for this month. The two other editorials drafted were scrapped (at least for now): one is not coming together and one is just too controversial for how it is currently framed. In going back to the drawing board, it occurred to me that this is an issue (how to find a topic to write about) that I continually hear from authors and peers (and students), so I thought I would discuss it here with both confessions and advice.
Empathy, Emotions and Patient-centredness: a Case Study on Communication Strategies
Authors: Muñoz-Miquel Ana
Published: November 2019

One of the abilities most often associated with patient-centred communication (PCC) is empathy. But how can it be achieved? There is an extensive literature acknowledging the importance of communication skills in healthcare settings. However, few studies focus on the specific strategies that can help overcome the challenges posed by PCC, especially in dealing with, understanding and responding to emotions. This is especially evident in the field of written communication. Starting from the assumption that the way in which medical information is conveyed can significantly influence receivers’ emotional response, and thus their understanding, this paper explores oral and written communication strategies that might be useful for fostering empathy. These strategies are based on the results of two funded research projects carried out by the Gentt Group (Universitat Jaume I, Spain), in which qualitative methods (interviews, focus groups and role-play with real actors) were used to improve doctor-patient communication in intralingual and interlingual contexts, in two genres: fact sheets for patients and medical consultations. The results show that avoiding ambiguous and alarming words, providing explicit explanations, using ‘you’ or the inclusive plural when addressing the patient, framing statements in a positive way, and explaining medical terms can all help enhance empathy, both in oral and written modes. In oral genres, non-verbal communication can also play a key role in showing genuine understanding. The importance of obtaining feedback from real patients and the potential of intralingual translation and role-play for improving the communication skills of medical professionals, translators and interpreters are also discussed.
Sin pacto: 10 razones para el desencuentro (y III)
Authors: Lalueza Ferran
Published: November 2019

Golpista, inútil, veleta, felón, caricato, traidor, carcelero, aprendiz de brujo, hipócrita, sectario, irresponsable, chantajista y farsante son algunas de las lindezas que los líderes políticos se han intercambiado estos últimos meses. Con tales antecedentes, resulta difícil imaginarlos sentados en la misma mesa de negociación e ilusorio esperar que lleguen a algún acuerdo.
Introducción a Canvas de HTML5
Authors: Suelves Sergi
Published: November 2019

Pequeña introducción al elemento canvas del nuevo estándar HTML5. Esta etiqueta es clave para el desarrollo de gráficos e interactividad en los sitios Web. Gracias a este avance tecnológico ahora se puede crear un entorno ideal para el desarrollo de videojuegos, documentales interactivos y muchísimas posibilidades de desarrollo de todo tipo de narrativas no lineales.
Loss of adaptive capacity in asthmatic patients revealed by biomarker fluctuation dynamics after rhinovirus challenge
Authors: Sinha Anirban , Lutter René , Xu Binbin , Dekker Tamara , Dierdorp Barbara , Sterk Peter J , Frey Urs , Eckert Edgar Delgado
Published: November 2019

Asthma is a dynamic disease, in which lung mechanical and inflammatory processes interact in a complex manner, often resulting in exaggerated physiological, in particular, inflammatory responses to exogenous triggers. We hypothesize that this may be explained by respiratory disease-related systems instability and loss of adaptability to changing environmental conditions, manifested in highly fluctuating biomarkers and symptoms. Using time series of inflammatory (eosinophils, neutrophils, FeNO), clinical and lung function biomarkers (PEF, FVC,FEV1), we estimated this loss of adaptive capacity (AC) during an experimental rhinovirus infection in 24 healthy and asthmatic human volunteers. Loss of AC was estimated by comparing similarities between pre- and post-challenge time series. Unlike healthy participants, the asthmatic’s post-viral-challenge state resembled more other rhinovirus-infected asthmatics than their own pre-viral-challenge state (hypergeometric-test: p=0.029). This reveals loss of AC and supports the concept that in asthma, biological processes underlying inflammatory and physiological responses are unstable, contributing to loss of control.
The mammalian LINC complex component SUN1 regulates muscle regeneration by modulating drosha activity
Authors: Loo Tsui Han , Ye Xiaoqian , Chai Ruth Jinfen , Ito Mitsuteru , Bonne Gisèle , Ferguson-Smith Anne C , Stewart Colin L
Published: November 2019

Here we show that a major muscle specific isoform of the murine LINC complex protein SUN1 is required for efficient muscle regeneration. The nucleoplasmic domain of the isoform specifically binds to and inhibits Drosha, a key component of the microprocessor complex required for miRNA synthesis. Comparison of the miRNA profiles between wildtype and SUN1 null myotubes identified a cluster of miRNAs encoded by a non-translated retrotransposon-like one antisense (Rtl1as) transcript that are decreased in the WT myoblasts due to SUN1 inhibition of Drosha. One of these miRNAs miR-127 inhibits the translation of the Rtl1 sense transcript, that encodes the retrotransposon-like one protein (RTL1), which is also required for muscle regeneration and is expressed in regenerating/dystrophic muscle. The LINC complex may therefore regulate gene expression during muscle regeneration by controlling miRNA processing. This provides new insights into the molecular pathology underlying muscular dystrophies and how the LINC complex may regulate mechanosignaling.
L-cysteine transporter-PCR to detect hydrogen sulfide-producing Campylobacter fetus
Authors: Farace Pablo D. , Morsella Claudia G. , Cravero Silvio L. , Sioya Bernardo A. , Amadio Ariel F. , Paolicchi Fernando A. , Gioffré Andrea K.
Published: November 2019

Phenotypic differences between Campylobacter fetus fetus and C. fetus venerealis subspecies allow the differential diagnosis of bovine genital campylobacteriosis. The hydrogen sulfide production, for example, is a trait exclusive to C. fetus fetus and C. fetus venerealis biovar intermedius. This gas that can be biochemically tested can be produced from L-cysteine (L-Cys). Herein, we report a novel multiplex-PCR to differentiate C. fetus based on the evaluation of a deletion of an ATP-binding cassette-type L-Cys transporter that could be involved in hydrogen sulfide production, as previously described. A wet lab approach combined with an in silico whole genome data analysis showed complete agreement between this L-Cys transporter-PCR and the hydrogen sulfide production biochemical test. This multiplex-PCR may complement the tests currently employed for the differential diagnosis of C. fetus.
Screening of reference genes for expression analysis in the study of soldier caste differentiation of Formosan subterranean termite Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki
Authors: Du He , Wu Wenjing , Huang Xueyi , Li Zhiqiang
Published: November 2019

The Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, is a serious pest worldwide. Juvenile hormone analog (and its analogs such as methoprene) can induce the transformation of the worker caste into soldier caste in C. formosanus. However, several factors, such as feeding substrate and colony origin, influence the proportion of solider formation. The molecular mechanism of worker to soldier transformation of C. formosanus is still not clear. RT-qPCR is a powerful tool for molecular studies. Accurate gene quantification by the relative quantification method requires a stable expressed gene as the reference gene. However, no reference genes were available for this species in the methoprene bioassay. To study the problem of gene response to methoprene by RT-qPCR we have to first screen reference genes in C. formosanus. Workers were fed with methoprene. Termites were collected during the methoprene bioassay and separated into head and thorax+abdomen. Expression profiles of 10 candidate reference genes in the two body part types were investigated using RT-qPCR. The results were analyzed by a set of established methods (geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, and RefFinder) as well as comparative ΔCt method. Our results suggest that RPS18 is the most stably-expressed gene both in the head and thorax+abdomen for expression analysis in the methoprene bioassay of C. formosanus. The screening of suitable reference genes in C. formosanus establishes the foundation for the molecular study of soldier caste differentiation in this species.
RESOLUÇÃO DE PROBLEMAS NAS AULAS DE MATEMÁTICA: PROMOVENDO A APRENDIZAGEM SIGNIFICATIVA DO CONCEITO DE VOLUME DE BLOCOS RETANGULARES / PROBLEM SOLVING IN MATH CLASSES: PROMOTING THE MEANINGFUL LEARNING OF THE RECTANGULAR BLOCK VOLUME CONCEPT
Authors: De Sá Vívian Caroline Da Silva , Gomes Larissa Pinca Sarro
Published: November 2019

Neste artigo objetivou-se compreender como a Metodologia de Resolução de Problemas pode contribuir para a aprendizagem significativa do conceito de volume de blocos retangulares. Para isto, por meio da pesquisa participante, considerou as etapas da metodologia de Resolução de Problemas e aportes teóricos de autores que discutiram a Aprendizagem Significativa. Participaram desta pesquisa vinte alunos de uma escola estadual localizada município de Ilhéus, na Bahia. Na etapa de análise foram utilizados os materiais produzidos por esses alunos, bem como os registros de suas interações realizadas no diário de campo. Com os resultados foi possível constatar que a metodologia da Resolução de Problemas mostrou-se de grande relevância, proporcionando a discussão de pré-requisitos importantes para promover a aprendizagem significativa do conceito de volume de blocos retangulares. Também possibilitou uma melhor interação entre entre os alunos, resultando em suas participações ativas durante o processo de aprendizagem.
CLUBE DE TECNOLOGIA COMO AMBIENTE MULTIRREFERENCIAL PARA APRENDIZAGEM SIGNIFICATIVA DE CIÊNCIAS E TECNOLOGIAS / TECHNOLOGY CLUB AS A MULTI-REFERENCE ENVIRONMENT FOR SIGNIFICANT LEARNING OF SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Schuhmacher Elcio , Schuhmacher' Vera Rejane Niedersberg , Ropelato Douglas
Published: November 2019

Este trabalho apresenta a metodologia EPECREL como uma estratégia na superação de concepções empíricas e como informações relevantes e inclusivas foram incorporadas. A teoria de assimilação de Ausubel é usada no desenvolvimento da uma metodologia ativa designada por “Ensino do Pensamento Computacional por meio da Robótica Educativa Livre – EPECREL”. São apresentados resultados do projeto de pesquisa-ação, no qual foi criado um Clube de Tecnologia como motivação para a aprendizagem de conceitos de ciências e tecnologias. A estratégia ativa tem potencial de auxiliou no processo de interação cognitiva dentro de um ambiente social colaborativo, o aprendente assumi responsabilidades, argumenta e trabalha coletivamente entre outras ações e que permitem que novos conceitos sejam assimilados. Neste sentido reforça-se a ideia de que a motivação do aprendente e a sua disposição na construção dos artefatos tecnológicos são partes fundamentais no desenvolvimento de habilidades e para a ocorrência de uma Aprendizagem Significativa.
Impact of Nitrogen Amendments on Soil Enzyme Dynamics under Simulated Wetland Ecosystem
Authors: Chennappan Dharmadurai , Thankappan Sugitha , Nachimuthu Ramalingam , Karunanandham Kumutha , Uthandi Sivakumar
Published: November 2019

Aims: To evaluate the influence of nitrogen amendments on soil enzyme dynamics in a long term incubation experiment.

Study Design: An in vitro simulated wetland ecosystem designed with rhizosphere soil was enriched with different N sources.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Biocatalysts Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India. An incubation experiment ran for 150 days, to determine the temporal changes of soil enzyme activities.

Methodology: There were five treatments replicated thrice. The N enrichment included in the treatments were aerated except S1 as detailed below: rhizosphere soil (S1), rhizosphere soil without enrichment (S2), combined NH4Cl and KNO2 enriched rhizosphere soil (S3), KNO2 enriched rhizosphere soil (S4) and NH4Cl enriched rhizosphere soil (S5).

Results: The soil enzymes such as dehydrogenase (24.59 μg TPF g-1 soil day-1), urease (49.27 μg NH3 g-1 soil) and acid phosphatase (38.57 μg PNP g-1 soil h-1) were observed maximum in NH4Cl enriched rhizosphere soil (S5) on 70 DAI (days after incubation). While, highest alkaline phosphatase (53.40 μg PNP g-1 soil h-1) and fluorescein diacetate (7.57 μg fluorescein g-1 soil h-1) were registered on 70 DAI in KNO2 enriched soil (S4) and KNO2 + NH4Cl (S3) respectively. However, all the enzyme activities, irrespective of treatments, showed an increasing trend up to 70 DAI and thereafter, declined gradually.

Conclusion: Enzyme activities registered maximum in NH4Cl enriched rhizosphere soil (S5) than other enrichments. Basal N application as ammoniacal form (NH4+) triggers efficient trade-offs between soil functions in the wetland ecosystem whereas, combined sources contribute to microbial biomass and redox status of soil.
Why don't you believe me? Detecting deception in messages written by nonnative and native speakers
Authors: Volz Sarah , Reinhard Marc‐André , Müller Patrick
Published: November 2019

Detecting lies is crucial in numerous contexts, including situations in which individuals do not interact in their native language. Previous research suggests that individuals are perceived as less credible when they communicate in a nonnative compared with native language. The current study was the first to test this effect in truthful and fabricated messages written by native and nonnative English speakers. One hundred native English speakers judged the veracity of these messages, and overall, they proved less likely to believe and to correctly classify nonnative speakers' messages; differences in verbal cues between native and nonnative speakers' messages partly explained the differences in the judgments. Given the increased use of nonnative languages in a globalized world, the discrimination against nonnative speakers in veracity judgments is problematic. Further research should more thoroughly investigate the role of verbal cues in written and spoken nonnative language to enable the development of effective interventions.
Automated Real‐Time Detection and Prediction of Interlayer Imperfections in Additive Manufacturing Processes Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Jin Zeqing , Zhang Zhizhou , Gu Grace X.
Published: November 2019

Although fused deposition modeling (FDM) additive manufacturing technologies have advanced in the past decade, interlayer imperfections such as delamination and warping are still dominant when printing complex parts. Herein, a self‐monitoring system based on real‐time camera images and deep learning algorithms is developed to classify the various extents of delamination in a printed part. In addition, a novel method incorporating strain measurements is established to measure and predict the onset of warping. Results show that the machine‐learning model is capable of detecting different levels of delamination conditions, and the strain measurements setup successfully reflects and determines the extent and tendency of warping before it actually occurs in the print job. This multifunctional system can be applied to assess other manufacturing processes to realize autocalibration and prediagnosis of imperfections without human interaction.
Enantioselective Total Synthesis of Cymoside through a Bioinspired Oxidative Cyclization of a Strictosidine Derivative
Authors: Dou Yingchao , Kouklovsky Cyrille , Gandon Vincent , Vincent Guillaume
Published: November 2019

The first total synthesis of the caged monoterpene indole alkaloid cymoside is reported. This natural product displays a unique hexacyclic‐fused skeleton whose biosynthesis implies an early oxidative cyclization of strictosidine. Our approach to the furo[3,2‐b]indoline framework relied on an unprecedented biomimetic sequence which started by the diastereoselective oxidation of the indole ring into a hydroxyindolenine which triggered the addition of an enol ether and was followed by the trapping of an oxocarbenium intermediate.