bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ARTE RUPESTRE E TRADICIÓN ORAL NO VAL DO TEA: EXTERNALIZANDO A MEMORIA DO PATRIMONIO ARQUEOLÓXICO
Authors: López Viéitez Iria , Comendador Rey Beatriz
Published: January 2025

A investigación arqueolóxica dos gravados rupestres en Galicia comeza a principios do pasado século XX, con achegas que primaban a cuantificación e a catalogación destas manifestacións. A materialidade dos elementos arqueolóxicos centraba os estudos, mais que acontece co patrimonio inmaterial fixado sobre estes bens culturais? Como se coñecen estas representacións rupestres na súa contorna?A proposta que aquí se presenta tenta abordar unha aproximación etnoarqueolóxica –unha liña escasamente desenvolvida no ámbito galego– para os petróglifos do val do Tea (Pontevedra, Galicia). Con ela procúrase atender á tradición oral, principalmente ás narrativas e á toponimia asentadas sobre os lugares con arte rupestre, como medio de conformación da paisaxe simbólica e cultural, e tamén como medio de socialización do patrimonio arqueolóxico. Partindo dun baleirado documental e bibliográfico centrado na nosa área de actuación, expóñense os resultados dun estudo sobre uns monumentos estáticos no espazo, pero reinterpretados dinamicamente co paso de séculos e sociedades.Este traballo ten como obxectivo fundamental contribuír ao estudo e á protección da arte rupestre, así como do patrimonio inmaterial vinculado, partindo da premisa de que a colaboración activa coas comunidades locais e a integración dun enfoque multivocal favorecen a promoción do seu patrimonio cultural en conxunto.
UNHA PROPOSTA SOSTIBLE DE RECUPERACIÓN DOS MUÍÑOS DO LUGAR DE SOUTELIÑO (LAZA)
Authors: Blanco Rivero Daniel
Published: January 2025

Atendendo á preservación do patrimonio muiñolóxico na cunca do río Támega, o conxunto de muíños de auga do lugar de Souteliño, no concello de Laza, trátase dun exemplo de proposta sostible de recuperación para o turismo cultural e a difusión con carácter educativo coas técnicas da interpretación patrimonial.Con este artigo preténdese seguir dando a coñecer o conxunto patrimonial, que conta con unhas características singulares e que se empraza nun contexto xeográfico privilexiado, para intentar reactivar a súa recuperación e posta en valor, así como para dotalo de maior protección patrimonial.
INTERACCIÓNS SOCIEDADE-MEDIO AMBIENTE: ANÁLISE ESTRATIGRÁFICA E SEDIMENTARIA NO NOROESTE PENINSULAR
Authors: Álvarez Vázquez Miguel Ángel
Published: January 2025

O proxecto “Interaccións Sociedade-Medio Ambiente en Rexistros Estratigráficos e Sedimentarios” propón unha aproximación interdisciplinaria para estudar as relacións entre as sociedades humanas e o medio natural no noroeste da Península Ibérica. O enfoque parte da Xeografía Física, empregando a Xeografía Ambiental e a Historia Ambiental como marcos conceptuais para interpretar as interaccións entre procesos naturais e accións humanas ao longo do espazo e do tempo. A investigación céntrase no estudo de rexistros estratigráficos e sedimentarios en sistemas fluviais, áreas costeiras e xacementos arqueolóxicos, combinando análises sincrónicas e diacrónicas. A través desta metodoloxía, busca comprender as transformacións espaciais e temporais nas paisaxes, identificando as pegadas ambientais deixadas pola actividade humana. Destaca a importancia dos ecosistemas fluviais e costeiros como indicadores de cambios ambientais e reflexo das interaccións sociedade-medio ambiente. Así mesmo, propón un marco conceptual que contribúe á análise das dinámicas de vulnerabilidade e resiliencia dos ecosistemas fronte ás presións antropoxénicas, promovendo unha visión integral que une o pasado e o presente para anticipar desafíos futuros. Esta investigación aspira a ofrecer unha base sólida para o desenvolvemento de ferramentas dirixidas á xestión e preservación do patrimonio natural e cultural.
INTERVENCIÓNS NA ILLA DE ONS: AS FACTORÍAS ROMANAS DE CANEXOL (2021-2024)
Authors: Valle Abad Patricia
Published: January 2025

No outono do ano 2021 comezaron as intervencións no entorno da Praia de Canexol, lugar onde se tiñan documentado restos de estruturas pertencentes a unha factoría de salga de época romana. Visibles no cantil da praia, os muros, pavimentos e materiais arqueolóxicos estaban sendo destruídos pola acción mariña e humana, polo que se decidiu, en colaboración co Parque Nacional Illas Atlánticas, realizar unha serie de accións que permitiran recuperalos e documentalos na medida do posible. A escavación de dúas sondaxes durante os anos 2021 e 2022, xunto coa limpeza da vexetación do cantil, levounos a confirmar a existencia de restos conservados e a recoller materiais a arqueolóxicos e mostras para datar o xacemento e caracterizar as salsas de peixe que alí se producían. Determinouse a existencia de, polo menos, dúas fábricas de salga, identificando zonas de acceso, patios, tanques para a salga e outra para a produción de tinguiduras. A prospección xeofísica realizada en colaboración coa empresa SOT indicou que posiblemente existen máis restos que se estenden cara o sur baixo o camiño da praia correspondentes a estas dúas fábricas e incluso algunha máis. Os materiais apuntan a que a fábrica estaría en funcionamento dende época altoimperial ao século IV.
UN ACERCAMIENTO A LAS MARCAS DE ALFARERO EN TERRA SIGILLATA: EL ESTADO DE LA CUESTIÓN EN EL NOROESTE PENINSULAR.
Authors: Ruanova Álvarez Nerea
Published: January 2025

Las marcas de alfarero constituyen un dominio específico en el estudio de la arqueología romana que nos ayuda a entender mejor la distribución cronológica y espacial de la terra sigillata itálica, sudgálica e hispánica por todo el imperio. En este trabajo realizamos una introducción a las características de las marcas y un estado de la cuestión sobre los estudios que se han llevado a cabo sobre ella en el noroeste peninsular.
Peran Digital Marketing sebagai Varabel Mediator pada Pemilihan Program Studi Terhadap Peningkatan Jumlah Mahasiswa
Authors: Ismail Lukman , Haniah St. , Rahim Fatmawati , Mukramin Sam'un , Rinaldi Rinaldi
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran digital marketing sebagai variabel mediator dalam pemilihan program studi terhadap peningkatan jumlah mahasiswa di Universitas Muhammadiyah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui angket yang disebarkan kepada 100 mahasiswa aktif program studi pendidikan sosiologi UNISMUH Makassar. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis jalur dengan bantuan software Lisrel versi 8.80 dan Uji Sobel. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data diperoleh: 1) Pemilihan program studi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Peningkatan Jumlah Mahasiswa (t=9,30>1,96), 2) Digital marketing berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Peningkatan Jumlah Mahasiswa (t=2,17>1,96), 3) Digital marketing berperan sebagai mediator dalam pengaruh pemilihan program studi terhadap Peningkatan Jumlah Mahasiswa (t=2,14>1,96). Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan strategi pemasaran digital yang efektif dapat meningkatkan daya tarik program studi dan berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan jumlah mahasiswa baru di UNISMUH Makassar. Penelitian ini memberikan implikasi praktis bagi pengelola program studi dan universitas dalam merancang strategi pemasaran yang lebih efektif untuk menarik calon mahasiswa.
Entrepreneurship-Based School Management Model to Increase Entrepreneurial Interest of Vocational Education Students at SMK Negeri 5 Padang
Authors: Desky Abdul Habib Arrasyidi , Ganefri Ganefri , Yulastri Asmar , Ta’ali Ta’ali , Effendi Hansi , Fiandra Yudha Aditya
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this research project is to ascertain how the entrepreneurial-based managerial model that will be applied at SMK Negeri 5 Padang is seen by learners, educators, and administrators, as well as their expectations for how it will boost students' interest in business management. case study methodology combined with qualitative research. Data sources included learners, professionals, and administrator questionnaires at SMK Negeri 5 Padang as well as observation. It is thought that the entrepreneurship-based management approach can foster an environment in the classroom that encourages the growth of an entrepreneurial mindset. However, in order to increase student interest in entrepreneurship, dedication and support from all stakeholders—including better facilities—are required. Students' interest might be piqued in entrepreneurship by implementing a complete management model centered on entrepreneurship and bolstering infrastructure support.
Penguatan Sikap Spiritualitas Siswa melalui Budaya Religius di SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Malang
Authors: Afriyanani Nur , Khozin Khozin , Kamaludin Mohammad
Published: January 2025

Esensi spiritualitas dalam pendidikan Islam di era modern menjadi tanggung jawab berbagai pihak, hal tersebut bertujuan untuk menguatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia agar memiliki sikap spiritualitas yang kokoh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan budaya religius dalam membentuk sikap spiritualitas siswa di SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuasi kualitatif. Untuk sumber data utama yaitu kepala sekolah, guru agama, siswa dan teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini melalui observasi, wawancana serta dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa budaya religius dalam penguatan sikap spiritualitas siswa di SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Malang pelaksanaanya melalui kegiatan tadarus sebelum pembelajaran, salat duha dan salat zuhur berjamaah, salat Jumat berjamaah, kajian keputrian di hari Jumat dan BTQ menggunakan metode UMMI. Kelancaran kegiatan budaya religus ini bisa dilihat dari kinerja guru dan staf yang saling memberika spirit Islam yang kuat. Dengan mengoptimalisasi budaya religius yang beragam siswa mampu dan menjadi terbiasa melaksanakan segala kegiatan agama yang ada di sekolah, serta memberi pengaruh positif untuk dirinya sendiri dan lingkungan sekitar.
Eksistensi Perkawinan Sirri Setelah Keluarnya Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010
Authors: Kusumo Bambang Ali , Supriyanta Supriyanta
Published: January 2025

Dalam wacana Hukum Perkawinan, Perkawinan Sirri masih terjadi perdebatan baik dari masyarakat maupun dari pihak pemerintah. Termasuk perkawinan Sirri yang dilakukan oleh Hj. Macicha Moehtar dengan Murdiono pada Tahun 1993. Pihak Macicha Moehtar mengajukan Yudicial Review ke Mahkamah Konstitusi untuk menyelesaikan kasus yang dialaminya.  Selanjutnya Mahkamah Konstitusi mengeluarkan Putusan Nomor 46/PUU-VIII/2010 yang isinya mengesahkan perkawinan sirri yang dilakukan oleh Hj. Aisyah Muhtar dengan Murdiono  dan menyatakan bahwa anak luar nikah hasil perkawinan sirri tersebut mempunyai hubungan perdata dengan ibu dan bapaknya.  Namun dalam Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi tersebut menambahkan  anak luar nikah hasil perzinaan, perselingkuhan dan samen leven selain juga mempunyai hubungan perdata dengan ibunya dan keluarganya juga mempunyai hubungan perdata dengan ayahnya dan keluarga ayahnya sepanjang dapat dibuktikan berdasarkan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi dan/atau alat bukti lain menurut hukum ternyata mempunyai hubungan darah. Yang menjadi kontroversi adalah anak luar nikah hasil zina, perselingkuhan dan samen leven mempunyai hubungan perdata dengan ibu dan bapaknya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normatif yang data utamanya adalah data sekundair, yang terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekundair dan bahan hukum tersier. Analisis data dilakukan dengan diskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perkawinan sirri berdasarkan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 merupakan perkawinan yang sah dan lahirnya anak dari perkawinan itu merupakan tanggung jawab dari ibunya dan bapaknya. Dengan adanya putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi tersebut, maka perkawinan Sirri selanjutnya dinyatakan sah dan anak yang lahir dari perkawinan tersebut merupakan tanggung jawab dari ibu dan bapaknya.
Programa de Comunicación Eficaz en Ciencias de la Salud (CECS). Entrenamiento y evaluación de las habilidades de comunicación en entornos emocionalmente complejos
Authors: Juliá-Sanchis Rocío , Escribano-Cubas Silvia , Fernández-Alcántara Manuel , Cabañero-Martínez María José
Published: January 2025

La comunicación efectiva es el pilar que sostiene una atención de calidad en las Ciencias de la Salud. Este libro, presenta un enfoque innovador y práctico para el desarrollo de competencias esenciales en profesionales y estudiantes del ámbito sanitario. Dividido en dos secciones, el manual ofrece primero una fundamentación teórica que justifica la necesidad de programas como el CECS, destacando su efectividad comprobada a medio y largo plazo. A continuación, se aborda el diseño y aplicación del programa, mediante ocho sesiones dinámicas y participativas que integran casos reales y herramientas de evaluación adaptadas.

Esta obra está dirigida a formadores en ciencias de la salud y ofrece una orientación práctica y adaptable, no solo diseñada para potenciar las habilidades de comunicación de los participantes en la formación, sino también para fortalecer las relaciones terapéuticas en contextos asistenciales complejos.

Una guía indispensable para quienes aspiran a humanizar aún más la atención en salud.
L’Inghilterra: la scoperta di un secondo polo intellettuale
Authors: Scott John A.
Published: January 2025

The article explores the discovery of a ‘second intellectual pole’ for the writer Luigi Meneghello, identified in post-war England. Thanks to a British Council scholarship, Meneghello undergoes a profound intellectual and cultural transformation, embracing a new perspective of authenticity and simplicity that contrasts with Italian rhetorical style. Through the influence of English mentors, such as Donald Gordon, Meneghello learns the importance of clear and direct prose, fostering a cultural osmosis between Italy and England that permeates his works.
Il corpo fonico dei Piccoli maestri
Authors: Pellegrini Ernestina
Published: January 2025

Starting with the most recent British theoretical studies on relationships between Sound and Literature, this essay reconstructs the presence and function of the phonic corpus (music, nursery rhymes, jingles, noises, etc.) in Luigi Meneghello’s novel I piccoli maestri.
La Storia europea come orizzonte e la «piccola guerra giudaica»: Promemoria (1994)
Authors: Sinopoli Franca
Published: January 2025

This study frames Luigi Meneghello’s interest in the tragic events of the Shoah within the interdisciplinary areas of trauma studies and memory studies, referring to the volume Promemoria, but not only, as a fundamental piece of the Italian author’s prolonged and meditated interest in the European history of the Jewish genocide and the English-language publications that concerned it in the post-World War II period.
إسهامات علي بن رضوان الفلسفية والمنطقية في تطور الحضارة العربية الإسلامية (ت: 453هـ/1061م)
Authors: الأستاذ الدكتورعلي عبد مشالي العكيلي  , الباحثة دعاء محمد كريم التميمي
Published: January 2025

الخلاصة:
 تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تسليط الضوء على إسهامات علي بن رضوان الفلسفية والمنطقية التي تُعد من العلوم المهمة التي حظيت باهتمام الإنسان منذ القدم، فوجود الإنسان يمكن أن يحصر بنظرية فلسفة الخلق، فالفلسفة موجودة عند كل فرد، ولكن على درجات متفاوتة، كما تختلف موضوعاتها في المجتمعات، وقد أدرك الإنسان أهمية العلوم الحكمية منذ القدم، ومنهم عالمنا المسلم علي بن رضوان (ت: 453هـ/1061م). وقد أشرنا إلى بداية العلوم الفلسفية، وأين نشأت وطرق انتقالها، وما واجهتهُ من صعوبات وانتقادات، فضلاً عن مدى تعقيد وصعوبة فهم هذه العلوم، وهذا دليل على نباهة ابن رضوان الذي قرأ الكتب الفلسفية والمنطقية، لاسيما اليونانية بوجه خاص، إذ عاش في ظل الدولة الفاطمية الذي شجعت العلم والمعرفة. استفاد ابن رضوان من المؤسسات الثقافية، لاسيما المساجد والمكاتب الذي أنشأها الفاطميون، كما تميز ابن رضوان باستعداد فكري وتأني في طرح الأفكار، فكانت لهُ مساجلات فلسفية ومنطقية لا تخلو من المتعة والفائدة، فضلاً عن تميزهُ بمنهجية متزنة معتمداً بذلك على سعة خبرته ومعارفه الذي اكتسبها من خلال اطلاعه على المؤلفات العقلية بوجه عام، تاركاً مؤلفات غايةً في الأهمية، لاسيما في العلوم الحكمية، فضلاً عن مؤلفاته الطبية والفلكية.
My Mother Hyeonhi, you have Devoted Thirty Years for your Five Children! (Tcheonzamun 161st-176th)
Authors: Park Hyeonhi Regina , Kim K. DaegonAndrea , Kim Jiah Anna , Lee Sangmin , Kim Rosa , Hamon Alain , Kim Sohwa Therese , Kim Sangdeog Augustin
Published: January 2025

French Missionary Dallet (1874) wrote in his book that there are many difference between Korean culture and Chinese culture. It is well known that Tcheonzamun (The thousand character essay in English) was written by Chinese people (Han, 1583). However, some researchers assumed that Tcheonzamun was created by Korean-language speaking people (Park et al., 2021; Kim, 2023). Tcheonzamun (千字文) means the thousand (千) character (字) essay (文) in English. There are several methods for the translation of Tcheonzamun poem. The first one is on the basis of Korean pronunciation of Chinese character on Tcheonzamun (Kim, 2023). The second one is through the meaning of Chinese character on Tcheonzamun (Park et al., 2021). This work concerns the translation of the Tcheonzamun poem (Tcheonzamun 161st-176th). The title of this study is ‘My mother Hyeonhi, you have devoted thirty years for your five children! (Tcheonzamun 161st-176th)’. The theme of this research is as follows. 169-172 知(Zi) 過(Gwa) 必(Pil) 改(Kae). My husband! You have made (知) me sad (過), and then, you must (必) be going to replace (改) my unhappy emotion into the bright mood again!.
My Husband! Look on the Bright Side! (Eo-mo Zeo-leon!) (Tcheonzamun 161st-176th)
Authors: Park Hyeonhi Regina , Kim K. DaegonAndrea , Kim Jiah Anna , Lee Sangmin , Kim Rosa , Hamon Alain , Kim Sohwa Therese , Kim Sangdeog Augustin
Published: January 2025

French Missionary Dallet (1874) introduced Tcheonzamun (‘the thousand character essay’ in English) to the Western world. It is firmly believed that Tcheonzamun was the work of Chinese people (Han, 1583). Recently, several researchers found that Tcheonzamun poems were well translated on the basis of Korean pronunciation of Chinese character on Tcheonzamun (Kim, 2023) and through the meaning of Chinese character on Tcheonzamun (Park et al., 2021). Chinese people and Korean people commonly use Chinese character. However, there is a big difference between Chinese language and Korean language (Dallet, 1874). The grammar is really different. Korean grammar is SOV style, while Chinese grammar is SVO style like English language. Here, S indicates subject, and O does object, and V does verb. Therefore, both the translation through Korean grammar and through Chinese grammar must be quite different. Somewhat old Tcheonzamun book (Han, 1583) was utilized as the material of this work. And the range of this study is (Tcheonzamun 161st-176th). This work concerns the study on Tcheonzamun translation of a poem. The title of this study is ‘My husband! Look on the bright side! (Eo-mo Zeo-leon!) (Tcheonzamun 161st-176th)’. The theme of this research is as follows. 161-164 女(Yeo) 慕(Mo) 貞(Zeong) 烈(Lyeol). “어머 저런!” Eo-mo Zeo-leon! My husband! Look on the bright side! (Eo-mo Zeo-leon!).
Fatty Bacteria in the Intestine and Collagen Bacteria (Dominio: Bacteria Woese, Kandler & Wheelis 1990): Therapies and Biotechnology
Authors: Santana Marco Vinícios de Oliveira , Malheiros Klebert de Paula , Marchiori Carlos Henrique , Melo Érico Meirelles de
Published: January 2025

Recent evidence has suggested that the intestinal microbiota is involved in energy regulation and the inflammatory process, an environmental factor related to the pathophysiology of obesity. The microbiota contains a variety of living microorganisms that colonize the intestine, and its development occurs throughout the life cycle from birth to adulthood. Collagen is one of these ingredients with functional characteristics. It is a protein of animal origin, whose function in the body is to contribute to the structural integrity of the tissues in which it is present. However, with the onset of adulthood, collagen deficiency begins to be noticed, as the body reduces its production, making its supplementation necessary. This review aims to study fatty bacteria in the intestine and collagen bacteria. Data were collected using a quantitative and descriptive approach, through books and the following databases: SciVerse Scopus, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), the Academic Search Tool (Scholar Google), Academia.edu., Researchgate, Library of Medicine and National Institute of Health (USA), (PubMed) and Scientific, Latin American Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS). The search was developed using the subject descriptor, mosquito, diseases, filaria, hosts, transmission, diagnosis, and treatment referred to in periodicals, through a literature review. In the initial search, the titles and abstracts of the articles were considered for the broad selection of likely works of interest, with the abstracts being highlighted.
Features of kidney damage in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Kunitskaya N. A. , Kulaeva N. N. , Kunitsky M. A.
Published: January 2025

Impaired renal function is characteristic of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and other autoimmune diseases. Given the availability of various diagnostic methods and the potential for etiopathogenetic treatment, it is crucial for rheumatologists and nephrologists to promptly suspect kidney disease in patients with SLE and take necessary measures for diagnosis and treatment. Modern strategies for classifying and treating SLE guidelines have been updated to incorporate findings from kidney biopsies., significantly improving the prognosis for this disease. On the other hand, it should be remembered that long-term use of immunosuppressants, as well as concomitant diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cardiovascular complications, might be the main causes of kidney damage in patients with SLE. In this review, we discuss renal dysfunction due to underlying diseases, the side effects of medications, and the importance of making timely decisions.
Differences in Interleukin-6 Levels, Neutrophil Levels, and Length of Hospitalization in Pneumonia Patients with and without Garlic Supplementation (Allium sativum)
Authors: Irawan Yogie , Harsini Harsini , Sutanto Yusup Subagio
Published: January 2025

bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites, with high mortality and morbidity rates. The examination of IL-6 and neutrophils helps in diagnosis as a marker of inflammation, a predictor of mortality and morbidity, and is useful in evaluating the outcome of treatment. Garlic and its organosulfur content possess anti-inflammatory activity that has the potential to be used as additional therapy in pneumonia patients.Methods: A clinical study with a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design was conducted on pneumonia patients who were hospitalized at Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta from August to October 2022 by consecutive sampling. The treatment group (n=20) received standard therapy plus 3.5 mg of garlic capsules per day for 6 days, while the control group (n=20) received standard therapy. Levels of IL-6 and neutrophil were calculated on the first and sixth days, while the length of hospitalization was calculated from when the patient was admitted until discharge.Results: There was a significant IL-6 difference in the treatment group (P=0.027) and a neutrophil difference in the treatment group (P=0.025) compared to the control group, but there was no significant difference (P=0.876) in the length of stay in the treatment group compared to the control group.Conclusion: Giving garlic as a supplemental therapy to pneumonia patients could significantly reduce IL-6 and neutrophil levels.
Serum Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 Level, Blood Absolute Neutrophil Count in Correlation with Diffusion Capacity and Exercise Capacity of Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients at Universitas Sebelas Maret Hospital
Authors: Lestari Anggraini Dwi , Apriningsih Hendrastutik , Reviono Reviono , Sutanto Yusup Subagio , Setijadi Ana Rima
Published: January 2025

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Exposure to cigarette smoke activates alveolar macrophages producing neutrophils and proteases such as MMP-9 and NE that damage the extracellular matrix triggering emphysema as well as spill over into the systemic circulation. This study aimed to determine the correlation of serum MMP-9 level and blood absolute neutrophil count with diffusion capacity and exercise capacity of stable COPD patients.Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in stable COPD patients visiting the pulmonary outpatient clinic of Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS) Hospital in October 2022. Consecutive sampling was applied for sample collection. We assessed diffusion capacity and exercise capacity with the DLCO method and 6MWT, respectively. We examined serum MMP-9 level and blood absolute neutrophil count. All data were statistically analyzed with SPSS 22.0 and P<0.05 was considered significant.Results: Thirty stable COPD patients were included in the study comprising 19 males (63.3%), and 11 females (36.7%). With a mean age of 61.90±9.99. Serum MMP-9 level did not correlate with either diffusion capacity and blood absolute neutrophil count (P=0.898 and P=0.589, respectively). However, serum MMP-9 level had a significant correlation with exercise capacity (P=0.014). There was no correlation between blood absolute neutrophil count with diffusion capacity and exercise capacity (P=0.0281 and P=0.592, respectively). Diffusion capacity related to exercise capacity (P=0.001).Conclusion: Serum MMP-9 level is not related to diffusion capacity, but it is related to exercise capacity. Blood absolute neutrophil count is not related to diffusion capacity or exercise capacity. Serum MMP-9 level is not associated with blood absolute neutrophil count. Diffusion capacity is related to exercise capacity.
Effect of Moringa Leaf Extract in Inhibiting Lung Fibrosis in Wistar Rats with Diabetic Model
Authors: Zaenab Zahrina Isnandia , Suryono Suryono , Aziz Ayu Munawaroh
Published: January 2025

Background: Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to macrovascular and microvascular complications in various organs. Organ fibrosis is one of the microvascular complications due to diabetes. Hyperglycemia triggers ROS formation thereby causing oxidative stress. Oxidative stress enhances pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic activities. The lungs have a lot of vascularization and connective tissue, making them susceptible to diabetes complications. Moringa is called 'The Miracle Tree' because it has many properties. Moringa leaves are the most studied part, for their efficacy as antioxidants. This study examines the effect of moringa leaf extract (MLE) in inhibiting lung fibrosis in diabetic Wistar rats.Methods: A total of 27 male Wistar rats were randomized into three groups, K0, K1 and P. Group K0 was given saline (ip) and saline (orally); K1 was given Streptozotocin (STZ) (ip) and saline (orally); P was given STZ (ip) and MLE (orally). MLE was administered daily at 1000 mg/Kg BW dose for four weeks. Lung fibrosis assessment was carried out using a modified Ashcroft scale.Results: Lung fibrosis assessment showed that the K1 group had the highest mean of lung fibrosis and K0 had the lowest mean of lung fibrosis. Kruskal-Wallis test showed that there was a significant difference in the data comparison between the three groups. The post-hoc test showed that there was a significant difference in the data comparison between groups. Comparison of the K0-K1 group data showed the smallest significance value and comparison of the K0-P group data showed the highest significance value. Conclusion: MLE can inhibit lung fibrosis in diabetic Wistar rats.
Endoscope to Identify A Smoker's Oral Mucosa for Early Obstructive Airway Disease Detection
Authors: Yanti Budi , Muhamad Zarfan Fawwaz , Duta Teuku Fais , Maulana Muhammad Iqbal , Irmayani Irmayani , Ossa Yuli Fatzia , Sherina Sherina
Published: January 2025

Background: The synergistic association between oral cavity disorders and airway disorders in smokers has long been recognized. Periodontal disease and airway obstruction are 20 times more likely in smokers. Smoking causes increased inflammatory cytokines in the oral mucosa; generally, airway obstruction has been associated with increased inflammatory markers in the airway mucosa. This study developed a prototype to visualize smokers' oral mucosa to identify potential airway obstruction disease.Methods: This study collected many types of oral mucosal lesions that are typically found in smokers, such as leukoplakia, nicotinic stomatitis, black hairy tongue, oral cancer, and smoker melanosis, from various literature and images of the mucosa of patients with a history of smoking who were treated at the hospital. The data is divided into a training, validation, and testing set and then using the PyTorch framework and the UltraLytics library.Results: This study created a prototype of an endoscope that can detect lesions on the oral mucosa-related airway obstruction disease. Sixty-three percent of the respondents who underwent prototype testing were between the ages of twenty-one and thirty. Of those who smoked, 86% had done so for five to ten years. Sixty percent of the respondents had no COPD diagnosis. The sensitivity of the prototype demonstrated a high rate of 84%. However, the specificity exhibited 57.14%.Conclusion: Endoscopic detection of the oral mucosa can be used for early screening of suspected obstructive airway disorders in smokers. This tool could enhance screening for smoking's effects on the mouth and prevent early obstructive airway diseases.
Silicosis: Mechanisms, Clinical Aspects, and Impacts due to Silica Exposure
Authors: Esha Indi , Afdi Tania Libristina Ambun Suri , Simatupang Elvando Tunggul Mauliate
Published: January 2025

Silicosis, an occupational lung disease, has significant mortality rates in Indonesia, as reported by Global Health Grove in 2013. The death rate for silicosis stands at 69.3%, with the typical age at death ranging from 40 to 44 years for men and approximately 80 years for women. The pathogenesis of silicosis begins when respirable crystalline silica (RCS) particles enter the airways. These RCS particles bypass the mucociliary defense mechanisms of the respiratory tract and reach the alveoli. Workers frequently exposed to silica are at high risk of developing silicosis, which significantly impacts morbidity and mortality. The diagnosis of silicosis can follow the seven-step principle for determining occupational diseases. Although silicosis is linked to serious conditions such as tuberculosis, autoimmune diseases, and lung cancer, no effective therapy exists. Treatment remains symptomatic, adjuvant, and supportive. To prevent occupational lung diseases, it is essential to involve the government in policy-making for industrial management and workers.
Dust, Cigarette Smoke, and Cold Air are the Main Risk Factors for Asthma Attacks
Authors: Agustina Wiwik
Published: January 2025

Background: The prevalence of asthma has increased worldwide over the past few decades, with an estimated incidence reaching 400 million people by 2025. By the end of 2020, the prevalence of asthma in Indonesia was 4.5% of the total population, exceeding 12 million individuals.Methods: This study aimed to analyze the most frequent risk factors for asthma attacks. A correlative descriptive design was employed, with a population consisting of all asthma patients. The sample was selected using purposive sampling, resulting in 30 respondents. This research was conducted in Malang and included respondents with a history of asthma who were not hospitalized.Results: Logistic regression analysis revealed that 72% of asthma recurrences were attributed to dust, cigarette smoke, cold air, family/hereditary history of disease, obesity, pollen, animal dander, seafood, eggs/nuts, fungi, and cow's milk. The remaining 28% were linked to other risk factors, including pregnancy, stress, excessive emotions, physical fatigue, weather changes, and more. The three primary risk factors for asthma attacks were dust (87%), cigarette smoke (83%), and cold air (73%).Conclusion: Asthma recurrence is primarily caused by hypersensitivity, with allergens triggering elevated IgE levels, leading to bronchoconstriction and subsequent asthma attacks. The findings of this study identified dust, cigarette smoke, and cold air as the main risk factors for asthma recurrence. Asthma patients need to recognize their allergens to facilitate preventive measures and reduce the likelihood of asthma attacks.
Indonesian Society of Respirology Position Paper on Lung Cancer Control in Indonesia
Authors: Andarini Sita , Santoso Andintia Aisyah , Arfiansyah Mochammad Aris , Syahruddin Elisna , Zaini Jamal , Putra Andika Chandra , Kurniawan Ferry Dwi , Ermayanti Sabrina , Soeroso Noni Novisari , Munir Sri Melati , Infianto Andreas , Setijadi Ana Rima , Setyawan Ungky Agus , Wulandari Laksmi , Haryati Haryati , Jasminarti Ida Ayu , Hidayat Moulid , Santoso Arif
Published: January 2025

Lung cancer is a major health concern in Indonesia due to its increasing prevalence, late-stage diagnosis, younger population, and high mortality. Addressing this issue requires nationwide implementation of comprehensive lung cancer control, which includes risk reduction and prevention strategies, focusing on tobacco control and air pollution mitigation. Screening with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) and early detection in symptomatic patients, along with TB screening programs and all non-communicable diseases, is strongly recommended to enhance early case findings, treatment effectiveness, and overall patient outcomes. A multidisciplinary team (MDT) approach is important to ensure accurate diagnosis and comprehensive care. Moreover, the integration of palliative care at the early stages of advanced lung cancer is vital, focusing on symptom management and enhancing the quality of life for patients. While national guidelines are available for the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer, significant disparities in healthcare access remain across Indonesia. Thus, it is essential to improve universal health coverage and referral systems to guarantee equal access to lung cancer care for patients at all levels through advocacy and ease of access.
КОНСЕРВАНТЫ И ИХ ВЛИЯНИЕ НА ОРГАНИЗМ ЧЕЛОВЕКА
Authors: Сириева Я.Н. , Сириева Т.А. , Даттиев М.-Э.Р.
Published: January 2025

Важнейшей глобальной проблемой человека является сохранность здоровья и потребления безопасных пищевых продуктов. С этой целью нами проведен обзор литературы, чтобы оценить воздействие потребления различных видов продуктов питания с пищевыми консервантамии потенциальные неблагоприятные последствия на здоровье. Тема о консервантах актуальна, так как существует информация о проблемах токсичности и возможных негативных последствиях для поведения взрослых и детей.
MAHMUD AZ-ZAMAKHSHARIY’S SCHOLARLY LEGACY: EDUCATIONAL, ETHICAL, AND PEDAGOGICAL ASPECTS
Authors: Raxmedova Manzura Azadovna
Published: January 2025

This article analyzes Mahmud az-Zamakhshariy not only as a scholar and poet recognized for his scientific-philosophical works and literary creativity but also as a prominent religious scholar renowned across the Islamic world. The pedagogical aspects of his ideas concerning ethics, education, the pure Muslim, and society are examined in detail.
KEYWORDS: linguistics, lexicography, literature, Aruz, geography, Tafsir, Hadith, Fiqh, education, moral upbringing, ethics, the pure Muslim, speech culture, integrity and purity, wise sayings, admonitions, pedagogical views, spiritual and moral perfection.
COMPARATIVE TYPOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF DIRECTIVE VERBS IN FRENCH AND UZBEK LANGUAGES
Authors: Samandarova Nilufar Kodirovna
Published: January 2025

This research paper examines the functional-semantic features of directive verbs in French and Uzbek, exploring their usage in commands, requests, and suggestions. By analyzing these verbs through linguistic and cultural frameworks, the study identifies both universal characteristics and language-specific distinctions. French, as a Romance language, leverages inflection and mood variations, while Uzbek, a Turkic language, employs agglutinative morphology and hierarchical markers. The paper discusses politeness strategies, structural differences, and cultural nuances, highlighting their role in effective communication. The findings provide insights valuable to linguists, educators, and translators, contributing to the broader understanding of cross-linguistic pragmatics.
KEY WORDS: Directive verbs, functional semantics, French language, Uzbek language, speech acts, politeness strategies, cultural nuances, linguistic comparison, cross-linguistic pragmatics, morphology.
EXAMINATION OF PIRLS AND TIMSS INTERNATIONAL ASSESSMENT RESULTS OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS THROUGH DISCOVERY LEARNING MODEL AND “PULL-PUSH” TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Matyakubova Nuriya Azimbayevna
Published: January 2025

In this article, the extent to which elementary school students acquire innovative and information and technology literacy in accordance with the requirements of the times in order to develop 21st century life skills of reading literacy in the six-year PIRLS international tests is studied.
The analysis of the 2021 PIRLS research has made comments on the level of reading literacy of the 4th graders of Uzbekistan compared to the rest of the world.
The use of discovery and project-based learning approaches that enhance the literacy skills of elementary teachers and students can help address these issues.
The main purpose of this study consists of two parts: 1) To determine the reading literacy skills of elementary and future elementary school teachers based on the assessment of minimum competence; 2) by analyzing the effectiveness of the learning model after the introduction of the skill of improving reading literacy of primary school students, the mechanisms of achieving the result are shown.
The model allows not only elementary school teachers, students, and elementary school students to effectively design the level of development of reading literacy of students and students, to assess the level of achievement of didactic, international-level methodical goals set in the application of innovative methods.
KEY WORDS: OECD, PIRLS, Discovery Learning, Minimum competence, Stimulation, Singapore, Indonesia, Levene's test, Paired Sample T-test, STKIP method of discovery learning model.
GENETIC VARIATION OF BTC1 GENE IN BETA VULGARIS L.
Authors: Husseyn Ahmad Sadun , Miheeva Natal'ya , Cherepuhina Irina , Fomina Anastasiya , Nalbandyan Arpine
Published: January 2025

Early flowering of sugar beet plants in the first year of vegetation significantly reduces the productivity of the crop. Therefore, the study and molecular genetic selection of the source material resistant to boltering is relevant. To study the gene that controls the flowering time of sugar beet, leaf blades of domestic supporting lines (O-type) and foreign hybrids selected in the field where this trait was manifested were used. When carrying out the polymerase chain reaction in the experiments, a specific pair of primers F9/R9 was used. Processing of sequencing results and comparative analysis was carried out in the program Geneious Prime. This paper presents the results of studying the BTC1 gene (bolting time control 1), which regulates the flowering process of Beta vulgaris L. Control occurs through the regulation of the activity of two genes belonging to the FT family: an inhibitor (Flowering Time 1) and an activator (Flowering Time 2) of the physiological process – flowering. In genotypes susceptible to flowering, new single nucleotide substitutions in exon 10 were found in the BTC1 gene, initiating substitutions in the amino acid composition of the polypeptide chain, which ultimately leads to the expression of a functionally different protein. The presence of certain SNPs in the BTC1 gene of sugar beet makes it possible with a high degree of probability to characterize certain genotypes as sensitive to early flowering. The experimental data obtained make it possible to select genotypes resistant to early flowering at the early stages of the breeding process. Knowledge about the genetic nature of early flowering is significant when using Beta vulgaris culture in different geographical zones.
VETERINARY PREPARATIONS BASED ON OXALIC ACID AND THEIR EFFICIENCY IN VARROATOSIS
Authors: Dol'nikova Tat'yana , Domatsky Anatoly
Published: January 2025

The purpose of the study is to review the methods of combating the Varroa destructor mite, based on the use of oxalic acid as an active substance, in Russia and abroad. The paper presents methods that include the use of different formulations of oxalic acid and compares their effectiveness. The influence of various factors – periods of development of bees, climatic conditions – on their effectiveness is shown. In Russia, tests of the effectiveness of oxalic acid were carried out in the absence of brood in families in the autumn in regions such as the Moscow Region, Krasnodar Region, and the Tyumen Region. The treatment was carried out by spraying the combs with a water-sugar solution (1:1) with an acid concentration of 3.2 % at a dose of 5 ml per frame and watering the bees into the spaces between the frames at the same concentration. In addition, feeding of oxalic acid with sugar syrup, fumigation with natural evaporation and the use of aerosols were used. Therapeutic efficacy in experimental families reached 90 % with a single treatment. The same efficiency was achieved as a result of double treatment by spraying the bees on the frames with a 2 % aqueous solution of oxalic acid at a dose of 10–12 ml in the spring (non-fertile) period at an air temperature of 27–29 °C and in the late autumn period at an air temperature of 3–11 °C. Foreign researchers have studied and proposed oxalic acid to combat varroatosis due to the fact that when it is used, this substance does not accumulate in bee products and there is no harm to bee colonies.
FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT OF SUGARY CONFECTIONERY PRODUCTS USING CHAMOMILE
Authors: Grechishnikova Nadezhda , Tipsina Nellya
Published: January 2025

The purpose of research is to study the possibility of using chamomile in confectionery, the development of caramel recipes and the determination of organoleptic indicators, and a tasting assessment of the developed product. In recent years, the production of functional confectionery products has been actively developing, the combination of applications softens the effect of technogenic factors and provides the human body with the necessary daily norm of vital components. The use of bioadditives from vegetable raw materials (chamomile, Jerusalem artichoke, oregano, etc.) in sugary confectionery products makes it possible to develop products with a functional effect. The release of these products is especially relevant for children's, dietary, diabetic and special nutrition of people employed in industries that are harmful to health. However, the release of these products is constrained by insufficient knowledge of the use of plant materials and the lack of financial resources from processing enterprises. The main experimental and theoretical studies were carried out at the Institute of Food Production of the Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University. The initial raw materials and finished products were studied according to standard methods in accordance with GOST 33276-2015. The object of research in the work is the technology for obtaining caramel using vegetable raw materials in the technology. The subject of this study is the number of prescription components. It has been established that the addition of chamomile extract to caramel to an amount of 10 % has a positive effect on organoleptic characteristics and tasting evaluation.
THE HAASP SYSTEM FEATURES AND SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR GRAIN ELEVATORS
Authors: Yanova M , Oleynikova Elena , Oleynikov Nikita
Published: January 2025

The purpose of research is to update the legislative framework of the Russian Federation in the field of food safety and the specifics of standardization and certification using the principles of HACCP for grain elevators. The objects of research are the fundamental regulatory and technical documentation for the development and implementation of a food quality management system based on the principles of HACCP in food and processing enterprises. The analysis of legislation and regulatory documents related to ensuring the safety of products stored in grain elevators is given. The necessity of developing, implementing and maintaining a system based on the principles of HACCP for food and processing industries, including grain elevators, is substantiated. The requirements for the creation of a product safety system and the features of its management for grain elevators are determined. The main regulatory document on the quality and safety of products for enterprises engaged in the storage and primary processing of food grains is the Technical Regulations of the Customs Union (TR TS 021-2011) "On Food Safety". To ensure the safety of grain products at elevators, enterprises need to develop and implement a food safety management system based on the principles of HACCP, which is recognized as the best system in the world for food safety management and became mandatory in the Russian Federation 7 years ago in connection with the adopted and valid on territory of the Russian Federation TR CU 021-2011. The foundation of the HACCP system is, first of all, risk analysis, during which dangerous factors are identified, then a preventive system for their elimination and / or prevention is created to minimize losses and improve the quality of products. The introduction of the HACCP system and the passage of voluntary certification of products allow grain elevators to successfully pass control and supervision measures, reach a new level of production development and product sales.
Próba przeszczepienia typomorfologii Pierre’a Schaeffera do analizy wybranych słuchowisk eksperymentalnych Polskiego Radia
Authors: Łastowiecki Janusz
Published: January 2025

Tekst próbuje skonfrontować typomorfologię stworzoną w latach 50. przez Pierre’a Schaeffera z analizą i interpretacją eksperymentalnych słuchowisk Teatru Polskiego Radia  i Studia Eksperymentalnego. Za przykład służą tu te utwory, które w swojej warstwie fabularnej i dźwiękowej odwołały się do tematu kolejowego. Pociąg pojawia się również jako temat w kluczowej dla typomorfologicznych rozważań kompozycji Schaeffera Étude aux chemins de fer. Pod badawczą lupę wzięte zostały zarówno adaptacje radiowe (Siekierezada i Fabula rasa Edwarda Stachury, Wszystko płynie Wasilija Grossmana, Szalona lokomotywa Stanisława Ignacego Witkiewicza) jak i utwory oryginalne Teatru Polskiego Radia (Kaktus Grzegorza Walczaka). Obok klasycznych słuchowisk pole do eksplikacji stanowią tu utwory Studia Eksperymentalnego Polskiego Radia (Śniadanie na trawie w grocie Lascaux, Ptacy i ludzie Eugeniusza Rudnika). Ciekawym kontekstem dla prowadzonych nad audiosferą badań jest analiza eseju dźwiękowego Zuzanny Solakiewicz i Marcina Lenarczyka 15 stron świata. Próba konfrontacji języka typomorfologii z zjawiskami dźwiękowymi wybranych spektakli jest tu poszerzona o kontekst kolejowy, tak ważny dla zrozumienia kodu muzycznego Schaeffera. Odczytanie dźwięku w kategoriach masy, dynamiki i trwałości przyniesie nowe konteksty analityczne względem myślenia o artystycznych formach radiowych.