bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Consistency of local activation parameters at sensor- and source-level in neural signals
Authors: Rodríguez-González Víctor , Gómez Carlos , Shigihara Yoshihito , Hoshi Hideyuki , Revilla-Vallejo Marcos , Hornero Roberto , Poza Jesús
Published: September 2020

Objective. Although magnetoencephalography and electroencephalography (M/EEG) signals at sensor level are robust and reliable, they suffer from different degrees of distortion due to changes in brain tissue conductivities, known as field spread and volume conduction effects. To estimate original neural generators from M/EEG activity acquired at sensor level, diverse source localisation algorithms have been proposed; however, they are not exempt from limitations and usually involve time-consuming procedures. Connectivity and network-based M/EEG analyses have been found to be affected by field spread and volume conduction effects; nevertheless, the influence of the aforementioned effects on widely used local activation parameters has not been assessed yet. The goal of this study is to evaluate the consistency of various local activation parameters when they are computed at sensor- and source-level. Approach. Six spectral (relative power, median frequency, and individual alpha frequency) and non-linear parameters (Lempel-Ziv complexity, sample entropy, and central tendency measure) are computed from M/EEG signals at sensor- and source-level using four source inversion methods: weighted minimum norm estimate (wMNE), standardised low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA), linear constrained minimum variance (LCMV), and dynamical statistical parametric mapping (dSPM). Main results. Our results show that the spectral and non-linear parameters yield similar results at sensor- and source-level, showing high correlation values between them for all the source inversion methods evaluated and both modalities of signal, EEG and MEG. Furthermore, the correlation values remain high when performing coarse-grained spatial analyses. Significance. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study analysing how field spread and volume conduction effects impact on local activation parameters computed from resting-state neural activity. Our findings evidence that local activation parameters are robust against field spread and volume conduction effects and provide equivalent information at sensor- and source-level even when performing regional analyses.
Manipulation of E×B drifts in a slot divertor with advanced shaping to optimize detachment
Authors: Du Hailong , Guo H.Y. , Stangeby P.C. , Bonnin Xavier , Zheng Guoyao , Duan Xuru , Xu Min
Published: September 2020

SOLPS-ITER edge code analysis including drifts shows that optimization of divertor target shaping in a small angle slot (SAS) can strongly influence E× B drift particle fluxes, potentially improving divertor detachment for both toroidal field directions. This is enabled by directing recycling neutrals toward the separatrix from both the common flux region (CFR) and the private flux region (PFR) walls of the slot with a V-shape target in the slot (SAS-V), leading to two separate reinforcing effects, each individually involving positive feed-back: (a) increase of neutral recycling at the PFR wall of the slot due to—and causing—strong radial E× B ion flux from the CFR to the PFR; (b) decrease of E× B loss of ions out of the outer divertor into the inner divertor via the PFR due to reduction of the radial gradient of electron temperature at the outer target caused by the increased particle retention in the outer divertor. This circumvents the general problem for divertor operation with ion B ×∇B toward the X-point: E× B loss of particles from the outer divertor CFR plasma tends to keep it hot and attached. This work identifies a strong interaction between divertor geometry and drifts, a potentially important effect for optimizing advanced divertors for power exhaust in fusion reactors.
Operation improvement measures of dry type air-core reactor in severe cold environment
Authors: Wang Lin , Hao Wenguang , Deng Junyu , Wang Hongyu
Published: September 2020

In severe cold environment, the surface of dry type air-core reactor would easily be cracked, once natural contamination accumulated on the cracks, surface flashover would have more possibility to happen, leading to more serious reactor faults. The most commonly used methods to avoid reactor surface discharge includes RTV coating and surface decontamination using water-based cleaning agent, yet the effects of these methods, as well as possible impact on reactor performance have not been fully studied. In this paper, RTV coating and decontamination tests were carried out to evaluate the effect of the methods, also the impact of these two methods on reactor electrical performance were analyzed. The research result showed that: (1)Water-based cleaning agent was effective in removing contamination on insulation paint surface, but less effective in removing contamination on RTV coated surface; However, the water-based cleaning agent would cause damping between the winding strands, and damping recovery degree was not easy to control. Therefore, water-based cleaning agent was not suitable to solve surface flashover problem of dry type air-core reactors. (2) The overall coating for reactor surface and air duct could be realized by special spraying equipment. The adhesion test showed that RTV was of good covering and adhesion performance, and had little impact on reactor temperature rise, indicating that RTV could be an effective measure to improve operation quality of dry type air-core reactor in extreme cold environment.
Research of auxiliary frequency modulation in smart microgrid
Authors: Yu Qingguang , Jiang Zhicheng , Ma Yingxin , Long Gaoxiang , Liu Yuming
Published: September 2020

In this paper, the component model of bidirectional converter and inverter is established, and the precise control of input and output power of the energy storage system is realized by using dual loop control strategy and PQ control strategy. the control strategy of the energy storage system is proposed to improve the performance of the primary frequency modulation process. The grid interconnection model of offshore oil platform is established. The frequency variation in primary and secondary frequency modulation is simulated to verify the effectiveness of the control strategy.
Dynamic reconfiguration of unbalanced distribution network considering DG uncertainties
Authors: Jiao Min , Sun Liangzhi , Jia Kaili , Wang Hexian , Yin Ziyang
Published: September 2020

In order to solve the multi-objective dynamic reconfiguration problem of the unbalanced source distribution network, this paper proposes a multi-objective dynamic reconfiguration strategy for active distribution network based on affine number. The affine number is introduced in this paper to describe the uncertainty of distributed generation output. The active network loss, voltage deviation and load balance are the objective functions, the dynamic reconfiguration of unbalanced distribution network is modeled. The multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm based on Pareto entropy and parallel mesh is used to obtain the static reconfiguration solution in hours. Finally, a reconfiguration time division scheme based on Mahalanobis distance and target expectation is proposed, and the time period is divided again until the switch action constraint is satisfied.
Applying GANs for Generating Image with Varied Facial Attributes from Sketch
Authors: Phusomsai W , Limpiyakorn Y
Published: September 2020

The rapid development of GANs and its variants has shown remarkable progress in synthesizing realistic images. Image-to-image translation becomes a potent research topic due to its wide application. The translation of face sketch to color images greatly contributes to digital image processing industry. It could also help confirm the identity of the suspect or lost persons. In this paper, a model is implemented by applying GANs for generating an image with varied facial attributes from sketch. The architecture consists of two separate GANs, implemented with Pix2Pix and StarGan2 as bases. The output realistic images can be generated with manipulating a single facial attribute including, wavy hair, straight hair, and wearing glasses.
Docker container hardening method based on trusted computing
Authors: Shen Yuang , Yu Xuejun
Published: September 2020

In view of the incomplete isolation of docker, the image file is easy to be tampered with, and the problem of insecure container operation. Based on the analysis of the existing isolation mechanism and security enhancement technology of docker container, this article uses trusted computing technologies such as cryptographic algorithms, integrity measurement, realtime monitoring, etc., a hardening method for docker containers is proposed. The feasibility of the reinforcement method was verified by experiments. The results show that this method can realize that docker is in a trusted and secure environment during the entire process of downloading the image from the container to the container, and ensuring that the container and the image file are not tampered with. When the container is enabled, the system resources are in a monitorable state, which greatly improves the credibility and security of the docker container.
GUI Test Case Prioritization using Social Network Analysis
Authors: Maitrikul C , Limpiyakorn Y
Published: September 2020

Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) has become popular in today software products due to its user-friendly merit. However, GUI tests are costly and suffer explosive test cases. Moreover, software evolution causes the GUIs inevitably changed resulting in harder testing. Regression test has been widely used for GUIs software testing. It is considered to be the most expensive phase in the software testing process, though. Among several techniques, test case prioritization would help identify the reduced test cases in the regression testing suite, still maintain the same criteria as the original number of test cases in order to solve the limitation of time and cost in this phase. In this paper, we propose using network centrality from social network analysis to prioritize the test cases and compare each parameter to find a suitable parameter for GUI test case prioritization.
High-voltage Cable Fault Analysis base on X-ray Image Processing
Authors: Guoqing Ma , Pengfei Li , Zilong Chen , Yubing Duan , Hao Zhang , Xiaoli Hu
Published: September 2020

X-ray digital imaging detection technology is the use of high frequency X-ray machine to the sample transitography, through the imaging detector to collect images, and the detected images after digital processing to the computer for analysis and processing technology. With the help of computer digital image processing technology, the image noise can be effectively reduced, and the contrast and clarity of the image can be greatly improved. The radiation dose and exposure time can be selected according to different materials, which greatly improves the detection efficiency. The detection can display the damage of the external force of the cable more quickly and intuitively, and provide strong support for the development of maintenance programs.
Research on Path Planning of UAV Based on Ant Colony Algorithm with Angle Factor
Authors: Bao Shitong , Lu Yonggen , Li Keyu , Xu Peizhen
Published: September 2020

In this paper, aiming at the slow convergence problem of ant colony algorithm in UAV three-dimensional path planning, the heuristic function and local search strategy of improved ant colony algorithm with angle factor are proposed. The simulation results show that the ability of the improved ant colony algorithm to find the optimal solution in the three-dimensional environment is improved. Compared with the traditional algorithm, the overall route planning is shortened by 22 km, and the convergence speed is 51.3% of the original algorithm. The algorithm not only reduces the complexity of UAV track search, but also effectively improves the convergence speed and search efficiency of ant colony algorithm. It shows that the improved ant colony algorithm is feasible and effective in UAV three-dimensional path planning, and provides a new strategy for three-dimensional path planning.
Anomaly Detection of Predicted Frames Based on U-Net Feature Vector Reconstruction
Authors: Qiang Yong , Fei Shumin , Jiao Yiping , Li Liuwen
Published: September 2020

Anomaly detection in surveillance video scenes is one of the current research hotspots. Due to the small sample collection of anomalous events, the lack of negative sample labeling data training in anomaly detection research adds a lot of difficulties. Therefore, we adopt the method of unsupervised training and improve the method of anomaly detection based on the reconstruction of the potential features of the predicted frame and ground truth based on u-net. We reduce the reconstruction error between the potential features of u-net in the predicted frame and the potential features of the real frame. Then through other constraints, the reconstruction error of the entire predicted frame is minimized according to the generative adversarial training. Due to the use of normal behavior sample training, when the abnormal behavior is detected, the reconstruction error value exceeds the set threshold to judge whether abnormal behavior occurs in the surveillance video. Experiments prove that our improved method is effective and accurate.
Abrasive Segmentation of Multiple Diamond Images Based on Secondary Morphological Reconstruction
Authors: Lin Yanfen , Wu Liuxi , Deng Ying , Fang Congfu
Published: September 2020

Faced with a lot of noise problems in diamond abrasive image segmentation under complex background, a segmentation method of diamond abrasive images is proposed based on secondary morphological reconstruction. The method of histogram equalization was firstly used to pre-process the original image, which aim is to improve the image by adjusting the global contrast, and an appropriate structural element is constructed to carry out to determine abrasive size by using the morphological smoothing operation; Secondly, the first morphological reconstruction is carried out to further virtualize the complex background and clear garget abrasives by using the geodesic corrosion operation; Then, the second morphological reconstruction is carried out by calculating geodesic expansion operation. Combined with the local extreme value processing of the image, each target abrasive area can be obtained. Finally, the segmented target abrasive area is used to extract the multiple abrasives from complex background. It is found that the complex background noise can be readily eliminated by the proposed method, and the abrasives in the image can be well segmented. The results show that segmentation boundary is clear, without background noise, and the segmentation region is significant. The extracted diamond abrasives can be used for advanced image analysis such as abrasive characteristics and abrasive identification.
Image Compression Technology Based on Wavelet Transform
Authors: Tan Linglong , Li Weilong , Wu Fengzhi , Xu Yunhao
Published: September 2020

Image compression based on wavelet transform is to apply wavelet algorithm to multi-resolution decomposition of the image, and to achieve image compression by encoding the obtained wavelet coefficients. First, multi-level wavelet decomposition is performed on the image to obtain the corresponding wavelet coefficients. Then, each layer of wavelet coefficients is quantized to obtain quantized coefficient objects. Finally, the quantized coefficient objects are encoded to obtain compression results. This paper uses Haar wavelet as the wavelet base, selects the 2-level decomposition scale, performs wavelet transform, compresses the reconstructed image by setting a threshold, and calculates the file size ratio and PSNR value before and after compression. The wavelet reconstruction function uses the coefficient matrix, dimensionality information and wavelet base type obtained by wavelet decomposition to perform wavelet reconstruction. The global threshold setting method is selected, and the wavelet high-frequency coefficients are threshold filtered to achieve compression before the reconstruction operation, and then the compressed image is obtained through wavelet reconstruction. After the image has undergone wavelet transformation with a specified scale, most of the energy is concentrated in the fractional part of the wavelet decomposition coefficients. The coefficients of other parts are set to constants by setting a threshold, and only a few decomposition coefficients are retained to represent the entire image.The experimental results show that the storage space of the compressed image is greatly saved and the compressed image does not change significantly from the original image visually.
Research on Speech Signal Denoising Algorithm Based on Wavelet Analysis
Authors: Tan Linglong , Chen Yehui , Wu Fengzhi
Published: September 2020

In this paper, wavelet analysis is used to remove noise superimposed on the speech signal to achieve denoising of the speech signal. The prepared speech signal is superimposed with Gaussian white noise with different signal-to-noise ratios, and is removed by using a forced noise removal processing method and a given threshold denoising processing method; The wavelet soft and hard threshold denoising method is used to separately superimpose different Gaussian white noise speech signals, and the hard threshold and soft threshold denoising are respectively performed, and different wavelets are used for processing; Four threshold selection methods are used to denoise the noisy signal using different wavelets. The denoising effects of these methods are simulated in MATLAB software, and combined with the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal after denoising, the denoising effects of various methods are judged. Experimental results show that soft threshold denoising is slightly better than hard threshold denoising. Among the four threshold selection methods, Rigrsure rule denoising is the best. Although other methods are effective, they are not obvious.
Real-Time Magnetic Field Calibration Method Based on Extended Kalman Filter
Authors: Wenkuan Li , Haoyuan Cai , Shenglin Zhao , Chunxiu Liu
Published: September 2020

VINS makes roll and pitch observable because IMU is added, but if yaw also needs to be observable, the magnetometer needs to be used. But it is highly susceptible to interference from surrounding ferromagnetic materials. This paper first improves the traditional complementary filtering to eliminate the influence of linear acceleration during motion, then uses it fuses the accelerometer and gyroscope data to make more accurate prediction of the magnetometer data, and an Extended Kalman Filtering is used to implement magnetometer calibration. In the convenience experiment, our algorithm reduces the error RMS from 71.12uT to 11.77uT, while the ellipsoid fitting can’t calibrate correctly. In the calibration speed and accuracy experiment, our algorithm can realize the maximum value of the error distance after 5s is 0.42uT, which is better than the 0.98uT of the gyro-only compensation. In the stability experiment, within 10 minutes, the data calibrated by our algorithm drift only 4.12uT, which is better than 11.10uT of the gyro-only compensation. Finally, a convenient, accurate and stable real-time magnetometer calibration algorithm is realized. It has a wide range of functions in consumer electronics, VINS and military.
Policy of the Arctic Council countries in the sphere of environmental security
Authors: Synchikova D , A Kudryavtseva R-E
Published: September 2020

In this article, the author examines the key points in the policy of the countries which are members of the Arctic Council at the present stage. The main focus is on the environmental safety of the region, its problems and methods of solving them. The Arctic is a unique resource region, subject to large amplitudes of changes in harsh natural and economic conditions that need to be constantly monitored. The paradox is that the abrupt climate changes that create global problems not only negatively affect the entire planet, but also open up new opportunities for the development of the Arctic region. However, it is necessary to understand that successful development of the shelf is impossible without the elimination of problematic points and cooperation within the Arctic Council, which provides broad opportunities for international cooperation. The countries that have territories in this region of course have their own strategic interests, which sometimes lead to conflicts, but cooperation in the field of environmental security is the only area which requires the same return from all countries. In the article the author also discusses the goals and objectives of the six working groups, the results and further prospects for solving existing and emerging global problems.
Comparative study of single-industry towns’ industrial dynamics: case of European Far North regions of Russia
Authors: Kozlov A , Teslya A , Krolas P
Published: September 2020

The paper concerns the issues of development of single-industry towns located in the Northern part of Russia. The authors make focus on two territories of Russian Far North, namely Murmansk and Arkhangelsk regions where 14 single-industry towns are located at moment. The study distinguishes two types of single industry towns accordingly to industry of city-forming enterprises, mining and manufacturing correspondingly. The paper is based on analysis of federal and regional statistics and investigation of indicators characterizing the social, economic and industrial development of single-industry towns in the period of the last 10-15 years. The study disclosed the fact of faster growth of production in single-industry towns belonging to mining industry despite of the accelerated depopulation in comparison with single-industry towns of manufacturing industries. This contradiction can be explained by higher level of modernization of enterprises from mining industry. The recommendation for the policy makers in priority setting in support of city-forming enterprises is formulated. The direction of the future research are indicated.
The Potential of Digital Platforms for Sustainable Development Using the Example of the Arctic Digital Platform 2035
Authors: Stepanova I , Vorotnikov A , Doronin N
Published: September 2020

The article deals with the digitalization of society, including the economic sphere. The paper presents the relevance of digital platforms development within the framework of sustainable economic development. Examples of successfully implemented digital platforms in the economy are covered. The role of the state in the development and implementation of digital platforms in public administration is considered. The study of actual proposals from the digital platform Arctic 2035 for strategic sustainable development of the Arctic zone of Russian Federation up to 2035 is carried out. The idea is to demonstrate how the transformation and the assessment of the digital platform into a system of tracking the decision-making process could serve as a tool for sustainable development.
Saponins extracted from Asparagus officinalis L. by products exerts hypoglycemic effect in streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetic rats
Authors: Zhu Xinglei , Li Caixia , Zhu Yudan
Published: September 2020

This study aimed to evaluate the hypoglycemic property of saponins from Asparagus officinalis L. by-products (SA) in high-fat diet and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2-like diabetic rats. Diabetic rats were administrated with SA at doses of 20, 40 and 60 mg/kg body weight once a day for 45 consecutive days. The diabetic rats showed significant decreased fasting serum glucose and free fatty acid, and significant increased hepatic glycogen and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol after SA treatment. Furthermore, SA administration at dose of 60 mg/kg markedly decreased both the blood glucose level measured after glucose loading and the area under the curve in the oral glucose tolerance test. Overall, the current study suggest that SA could control hyperglycemia and improve glucose tolerance, and may serve as a potential food supplement or natural drug in the management of diabetes.
Climate regionalization of various wine grape varieties in Hexi Corridor, China
Authors: Hao Yan , Wang Yanjun , Li Yashan , Cui Kexu , Xue Tingting , Peng Shuai
Published: September 2020

Hexi Corridor is one of the most important wine grape cultivation areas in China and local wine industry is developing rapidly. The detailed study on regionalization of wine grape varieties may provide the scientific basis for the selection of wine grape varieties. In the study, according to the climatic characteristics in Hexi Corridor, with the two regionalization indicators of the frost-free period and active cumulative temperature, the areas with the frost-free period longer than 150 days and the active cumulative temperature higher than 2500 °C were classified as the suitable cultivation areas of wine grape. With the average meteorological data of 46 meteorological stations surrounding Hexi Corridor from 1980 to 2010 and the 90-m DEM data of Hexi Corridor, the models of the frost-free period and the cumulative temperature were established according to the multivariate stepwise regression method. In addition, the regionalization diagram of the wine grape varieties in Hexi Corridor was plotted with the residual interpolation method. In the diagram, the optimum wine grape cultivation region was divided in six areas according to active cumulative temperature and suitable wine grape varieties and proper cultivation elevation ranges were proposed for corresponding areas. The existing data of the grape quality in different wine grape cultivation areas in Hexi Corridor supported the regionalization results. The study results provided a theoretical basis for the selection of wine grape varieties in Hexi Corridor.
Isolation and identification of a novel ginger tissue pathogenic bacteria Citrobacter sp. SJ7
Authors: Du Xiaotian , Luo Jie , Huang Ke , Yu Rongpan , Sang Jizhuoma
Published: September 2020

The pathogenic bacteria of ginger plantlets were isolated and identified. Pathogenic strains were isolated, purified, and then identify by morphology observation, physiological and biochemical experiments, and the 16s rDNA sequence was analyzed to verify the classification of the pahtogen. This study shows the novel pathogenic bacteria is kind of Gram-negative ones, which can be well root on the ginger tissue as well as cultivated plantlets. The histopathology examination illustrates that the pathogen prefer infect the host plant through ginger tuber. Moreover, the16S rDNA sequence analysis exhibits that it is kind homology species closely relating to Citrobacter amalonaticus. In a word, we first isolated a novel pathogenic bacteria of ginger named as Citrobacter sp SJ strain, which could successfully recognize the host ginger via xylems.
Modern research progress on pharmacological effects of paeoniflorin
Authors: Zhao Chengguo , Luo Chunyu , Ling Wenpei , Yin Meifang , Qin Shuzhi
Published: September 2020

Paeoniflorin is a monoterpene glycoside compound commonly found in Paeoniaceae plants. It has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-tumor, immune regulation, nerve protection, anti-depression, improvement of diabetic nephropathy, anti-oxidation, and inhibition of intracellular Calcium overload, improve mitochondrial function, reduce dyslipidemia, inhibit apoptosis and inhibit cell autophagy and other biological activities. In recent years, research on paeoniflorin at home and abroad has been extensive and profound. This article focuses on the research progress of paeoniflorin in pharmacological effects.
Effects of different methods on reducing acid of papaya juice and papaya wine
Authors: Nan Lijun , Li Yashan , Tao Fang , Yang Ruiqun , Zhang Xiaofang , Zhong Yingxue , Huang Jing , Xu Chengdong
Published: September 2020

Effects of different acid-reducing methods on the deacidification effect of papaya fruit juice and wine, thought as raw materials, were studied. The papaya juice was treated with two methods, calcium carbonate, calcium carbonate combining with biological acid-reducing. Calcium carbonates of the first method were 7.0 g/L, 8.0 g/L, 9.0 g/L and 10.0 g/L, respectively. Whereas the second method was that pulped Papaya raw material was added 22.38 g/L calcium carbonate. After 24 hours of quiescence, 1 g/100 kg of lactic acid bacteria was also added. The acid-reducing effect was expressed by titration acid. The wine was tested with calcium carbonate (8.05 g/L, 9.05 g/L and 10.05 g/L, in turn) and potassium tartrate (19.45 g/L, 20.45 g/L and 21.45 g/L, in turn). The acidity reduction effects was also showed by titration acid. Two methods could all reduce acid content of Papaya juice, but effect of calcium carbonate on acid-reducing was more obvious with an average decrease of 11.25 g/L. Two methods could reduce all the acid content of the wine, but the effect of calcium carbonate was also the most significant with an average reduction of 12.0 g/L. The second was potassium tartrate. In general, calcium carbonate was time-consuming and easy to achieve acid-lowering purpose, and the second was less and low cost to calcium carbonate. Effect of 9.0 g/L and 10.05 g/L calcium carbonate to reduce acid in papaya juice and papaya wine was the most obvious with short time and low cost. Therefore, 9.0 g/L and 10.05 g/L of calcium carbonate were the best choice to reduce the acid content of papaya juice and papaya wine with higher acid content, respectively.
The optimum technology of the mixed rice wine
Authors: Liu Liyuan , Nan Lijun , Zhang Xiaofang , Wang Ting , Zhong Yingxue , Yang Ruiqun , Tao Fang , Huang Jing
Published: September 2020

In order to study the influence of raw materials, the mold culture addition and fermenting time on the quality of rice wine, the comprehensive utilization of the optimized rice wine process in practice was discussed. The aroma rice, glutinous rice, red rice and black rice in Renxing Town, Lufeng County, Chuxiong City were used as the main experimental materials, and the single-factor test was used to optimize the fermenting process of the mixed glutinous rice wine. The contents of starch, reducing sugar and soluble solids in aroma rice, black rice, red rice, and glutinous rice were measured after soaking, cooking and cooling, and the quality characteristics of the raw materials in mixed rice wine were studied. Using the black rice, red rice and aroma rice mixed with glutinous rice separately for the mixed rice wine, and using the rice wine made from single glutinous rice as blank control. The physical and chemical indexes and electronic tongue analysis of the mixed rice wines were determined, and the best rice materials were selected by combing with sensory evaluation. Using the best rice materials, different concentration gradients of the mold culture were added in for fermentation (1 g/230g, 1 g/240g, 1 g/250g and 1 g/260g), the best concentration of the mold culture were obtained. Based on the optimum materials and the optimum concentration of the mold culture, the different time gradients (5 d, 8 d, 11 d, 14 d and 17 d) were set for fermentation to study the effect of fermentation time on rice wines. It was finally determined that the best material was the aroma rice. The optimum concentration of the mold culture was 1 g/240 g, and the optimum fermentation time was 14 d. By fermenting glutinous rice wine with aroma rice can increase the rice aroma of rice wine on the one hand, and provide a useful route for the new process of rice wine on the other hand. Studying the influence of the amount of the mold culture and the fermentation time on the fermentation of rice wine not only improves the fermentation rate of rice wine, but also makes the rice wine have a unique aroma, which also provides a more perfect process route for rice wine fermenting process, thus promoting the optimization of rice wine fermentation process.
Study on the evaluation and optimization of ecological spatial layout of the lower Yellow River floodplain
Authors: Zhang Jinliang , Zhang Yuansheng
Published: September 2020

There are some problems such as insufficient ecological space in the floodplain of the lower Yellow River. Based on the analysis of the function orientation of the floodplain, this paper constructs the comprehensive evaluation index matrix of the ecological spatial layout. Taking the floodplain of the plain demonstration area as a typical example, the regional flood control safety conditions, agricultural development conditions, socioeconomic conditions, and river ecological conditions are comprehensively evaluated. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the key conditions of town, agriculture, and ecology, the suitable areas for town construction, agricultural production, and ecological protection are defined respectively. Combined with the flood control safety requirements of the floodplain, the ecological space layout of the floodplain is optimized to propose the Yellow River new ideas for the optimization of the ecological spatial pattern of the downstream floodplain.
Effects of reducing chemical fertilizer on the quality components of Tieguanyin tea leaves
Authors: Gao Shui-Lian , Hu Shan-Shan , He Peng , Feng Kai , Pan Rong-Yi , Zhang Shuai , Guo Bin , Lee Tzan-Chain , Lin Jin-Ke
Published: September 2020

Fertilizer plays an important role in agricultural development. However, the soil environment of tea gardens has been deteriorated and the growth of tea trees has been hindered by the long-term excessive chemical fertilizer used in tea gardens. To study effects of reducing chemical fertilizer on the quality components of Tieguanyin tea leaves, Tieguanyin tea garden located in yellow-red soil was treated with three consecutive times and five recipes of chemical fertilizer. The results showed that appropriate reduction of chemical fertilizer applied in tea gardens can increase the contents of potassium and organic matter in soil, polyphenols and water extract in tea leaves. Most of the contents reach their peaks in T3 treatment, which compound fertilizer that the contents of NPK are all 15% was 412.50 kg/ha and urea was 206.25 kg/ha applied in the tea gardens, that 55% of the conventional usage by local farmers. At the same time, with the reducing chemical fertilizer applied in tea gardens, the caffeine in tea leaves was significantly decreased. Therefore, T3 treatment can improve the soil environment of tea gardens and the concentration of Oolong tea soup. Besides, it infers that the amount of chemical fertilizer in T3 treatment is a key control point for the quality of tea. The indirect influence coefficients that the chemical fertilizer effects on the contents of tea water extract, free amino acid and caffeine are all at their peaks of 5.249, 4.245 and 8.594 respectively through the changing of the soil nutrient contents. It is benefit for improving the overall quality of Oolong tea.
Salsola collina ethyl acetate extract alleviates diabetic gastroparesis possibly through oxidative stress inhibition
Authors: Zhao Xin-Ling , Yuan Wen , Li Zhao-Zhen , Jin Hong , Gong Yan-Ling
Published: September 2020

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic significance of ethyl acetate extract ofSalsola collina(EES) on diabetic gastroparesis (DGP) and its underlying mechanisms. Methods: The composition of EES was analyzed by HPLC and LC/MS. A DGP model was established by streptozotocin injection and irregularly feeding a high-sugar, high-fat (HSHF) diet. Serum nitric oxide (NO), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) and the gastric superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) concentrations were measured by colorimetry and ELISA. The expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and protein gene product 9.5 (PGP9.5) in the gastric tissue were examined by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Results: EES promoted gastric emptying delayed by DGP, which was mainly composed of 10 organic acids. Furthermore, EES increased serum NO, decreased glucose, TC and TG, increased gastric SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px, while decreased MDA, increased nNOS and PGP9.5 expression in the gastric tissue, and showed a concentration dependence. Conclusion: EES promoted gastric emptying in the DGP rats, which might be related to its inhibition of oxidative stress and the associated increase in the gastric neuron population, as well as its hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering activities. These findings suggest thatSalsolamay have potential benefits in the treatment of DGP.
Study on the spore morphology of Ceratopteris Brongn.
Authors: Li Xiao-Juan , Li Na , Wang Bing-Hong , Li Jian-Xiu
Published: September 2020

Based on the significance of palynology in plant taxonomic identification, the purpose of this paper is to provide palynology basis for taxonomy, interspecific identification and resource protection of Ceratopteris Brongn. plant system. The spores of C. thalictroides and C. pteridoides of domestic Ceratopteris Brongn. were observed and compared by scanning electron microscope. The two types of spores of Ceratopteris Brongn. are radially symmetrical, tetrahedral, trilete suture, spherosome in polar view and equatorial view, and have common morphological characteristics such as perispore and ridge-like bulge of perispore, but there are obvious differences such as density of ridge-like bulge and ornamentation among bulges between two types of spores. The spore morphology is of great significance in the interspecific taxonomy of Ceratopteris Brongn.. It does not only provide the palynology scientific basis for the taxonomy and identification of Ceratopteris Brongn., but also provides a series of feasible measures for the exploitation and the resource conservation of Ceratopteris Brongn..
Effects of eugenol (EG)/β-cyclodextr (βCD) inclusion compound on the extension of the shelf-life of kimchi
Authors: Zheng Yang , Mao Yue-Dong , Zhang Li-Ping , Jin Qing
Published: September 2020

This article aims at extending the shelf-life of kimchi by adding Eugenol (EG)/β-cyclodextr (β-CD) inclusion compound. Fermented at 10°C for 15 days, the pH, titratable acid, aspects of microbiology and perceptive changes of kimchi containing different concentrations of EG/β-CD inclusion compound (0.0-1.0%) were determined. The results showed that adding EG/β-CD inclusion compound could inhibit the growth of overall microbe and lactobacillus in kimchi, reduce the pH, titratable acid and flavor changes in kimchi during fermentation, and increase the overall acceptability. In conclusion, these results showed that adding EG/β-CD inclusion compound could prolong the expiration date of kimchi and also improve its quality.
Optimization of ultrasonic extraction of anthocyanin in mulberry residue by response surface methodology
Authors: Li Yashan , Tao Fang , Cui Kexu , Song Yong , Nan Lijun , Cui Changwei , Li Yang , Yang Junmei , Wang Yanjun , Jiang Lu
Published: September 2020

Using local mulberry products in Chuxiong as raw material, skin residue was obtained after brewing mulberry wine, and the anthocyanin extraction process was optimized by ultrasonic assisted water extraction method. Firstly, the single factor experiment was used to study the effects of four different factors, namely, ratio of feed to liquid, temperature, time and ultrasonic power, on anthocyanin extraction from mulberries. On the basis of single factor test, the optimal design of response surface was analyzed. According to the analysis results and practical verification, the optimal ultrasound-assisted extraction conditions for anthocyanin in mulberries were determined as follows: the extraction time was 40 min, the extraction temperature was 45 °C, and the ultrasonic power was 305 W. Under these conditions, the anthocyanin content was 5.212 mg/g.
Research progress of detection technology for illegal addition of prohibited substances in cosmetics
Authors: Zhang Yao , Xie Sen-Sen , Wu Yi-Chun , Liang Qian-Wen , Xie Xu-Ting , Luo Zi-Hang , Liang Zhan-Hang , Liu Ming-Shi
Published: September 2020

With the rapid development of the national economy and the vigorous development of China’s cosmetics market, cosmetics have changed from a luxury product of skin care to a necessity, and its safety has increasingly become a concern of consumers. Hormones, preservatives, sunscreens and heavy metals in cosmetics are prohibited and restricted substances. The inspection of these prohibited and restricted substances is of great practical significance for enterprises to strictly control the product quality of cosmetics, ensure the safety of cosmetics and protect the health of the people. The incidents of illegal addition of banned substances in cosmetics emerge one after another, causing serious damage to the health of consumers and adverse effects on the domestic market. In order to provide technical support for relevant food and drug regulatory departments to find illegal additives in time and provide reference basis for Cosmetics testing, the author investigated and analyzed the possible prohibited components in cosmetics through collecting and inquiring relevant data of cosmetics and product investigation.
A comparative analysis of the environmental law of the Silk Road economic belt from the international perspective
Authors: Fa Li-Na
Published: September 2020

Environmental law, as a regulatory means to protect the environment and curb pollution, is of great significance. Four representative countries on the Silk Road economic belt, Russia, Italy, Kazakhstan and China, are selected as the objects of analysis, and the advantages and disadvantages of environmental protection laws and regulations of various countries are analyzed by comparing the environmental laws and regulations of various countries. Russia attaches importance to the cultivation of the cultural atmosphere of environmental protection. Italy effectively combines its own national conditions to carry out legislation, and Kazakhstan’s environmental laws cannot be implemented. China’s environmental law places emphasis on theoretical norms. It can be seen that whether environmental law plays a role depends not only on the improvement of the legal system, but also on the matching measures such as enforcement and supervision. The application is complete. Environmental law is formulated based on the unique national conditions of our country and does not have externalities. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop international environmental law, especially by signing international environmental treaties to share advanced experience in environmental legislation and law enforcement. This paper uses the method of comparative analysis to study environmental law from the international perspective. It is found that no matter what the national conditions are, a good environment protection atmosphere, the implementation of environmental law in place and international environmental exchange and cooperation are important ways to improve the environmental law of our country. At the same time, strengthening international cooperation is also an effective way to improve the ability of international environmental risk prevention.
Mobile robot for running exercises
Authors: Izyumov A I , Vasilyeva E V , Lobanov S V , Sergienko A E , Alentsov E A
Published: September 2020

Progress does not stand still, and machines are involved in the process of training professional athletes, where the greatest restriction is economic in nature - simulators are not available to a wide range of users. The field of running sports is currently practically not provided with robotic support in such a way that with the help of machines it was possible to implement the process of training an athlete. This article is devoted to the construction of the concept and principles of the implementation of a mobile robot for performing running exercises.
Correlation of the dynamic properties of the manufacturing process on metal-cutting machines and energy efficiency of the process
Authors: Zakovorotny V L , Gvindjiliya V E
Published: September 2020

Increase of the efficiency of machine processing is related with minimizing the reduced costs for manufacturing a batch of parts while ensuring their quality. The efficiency of the cutting process is determined by minimizing the intensity of tool wear while ensuring the required quality metrics of parts. Optimization consists in determining the cutting speed in which the path traversed by the tool to critical wear and (or) loss of quality of parts will be maximized at manufacturing with fixed regimes. As a rule, the minimization of conditions of the wear rate correspond to the best quality metrics of parts. In addition, this condition does not contradict the performance requirement because when the cutting speed increases, there is always a tendency to reduce forces. The ways to reduce the intensity of wear are knew, but the influence of the dynamic state of the system on wear and loss of quality is not considered. Therefore, the determination of the correlation the dynamic properties of the cutting process and its energy efficiency, as well as the determination of the modes set by the trajectories of the machine’s Executive elements, characterize the next stage of improving the cutting efficiency according to conditions of minimization of the work of forces on a given path. The results of research on this problem are presented in the article.
Investigation of the influence of heat treatment of aluminum alloy on its structure and properties
Authors: Kudryakov O V , Agibalova A I
Published: September 2020

The paper considers the issue of improving the quality of aluminum alloys of the D16 type, based on the data performed at the Department of “Physical and applied materials science” within the framework of the contract on samples of the Belokalitvensky metallurgical combine. The influence of the composition and technology on the structure and mechanical properties was studied. A recommendation for optimizing the composition and structure was developed and based on the analysis of phase diagrams, the microstructures of the alloy were justified.
True 3D reconstruction in digital holography
Authors: Birdi Jasleen , Rajora Sunaina , Butola Mansi , Khare Kedar
Published: September 2020

We examine the nature of the reconstructed 3D image as obtained by replay (or back-propagation) of the object wave from the hologram recording plane to the original object volume. While recording of a hologram involves transferring information from a 3D volume to a 2D detector, the replay of the hologram involves creating information in a set of 3D voxels from a much smaller number of 2D detector pixels, which on a first look appears to be surprising. We point out that the hologram replay process is a Hermitian transpose (and not inverse) of the hologram formation process and therefore only provides an approximation to the original 3D object function. With the knowledge of this Hermitian transpose property, we show how one may realize true 3D image reconstruction via a regularized optimization algorithm. The numerical illustrations of this optimization approach as presented here show excellent slice-by-slice tomographic 3D reconstruction of the original object under the weak scattering approximation. In particular, the reconstructed 3D image field has near-zero numerical values at voxels where the original object did not exist. We note that 3D image reconstruction of this kind cannot be achieved by the traditional physical replay process. In this sense, the proposed methodology for digital holographic image reconstruction goes beyond numerically mimicking the physical process involved in traditional film based holographic replay. The reconstruction approach may find potential applications in a number of digital holographic imaging systems.