bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Obstacles to adopting a healthy lifestyle among primary healthcare patients at King Abdulaziz Medical City in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Aldosari Mohammed , Alghamdi Abdulrahman , Alsulaiman Saad , Alqahtani Abdullah , Alenizy Fahad , Alsufyani Nawaf , Alghamdi Abdullah
Published: August 2024

Background:

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are a significant concern for global health as they significantly contribute to mortality and morbidity. In Saudi Arabia, NCDs account for a substantial portion of deaths. Understanding barriers to adopting a healthy lifestyle is crucial for effective prevention and management. The study aims to identify barriers to physical activity and healthy eating to inform targeted interventions that promote healthier behaviors and reduce the burden of NCDs in this population.

Aim:

This study aims to determine the barriers to healthy lifestyle among patients attending primary health-care clinics in King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC) in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia.

Settings and Design:

This is a cross-sectional study; data were collected from January 2023 to July 2023. This study was conducted in three main primary health-care centers (Khashm-Ala’an, Umm-alhammam, and Iskan) of KAMC, Riyadh.

Methods:

A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted in Riyadh city. The study utilized a questionnaire adapted from previous research. Results were considered significant when the P < 0.05.

Results:

The study included 383 participants aged 15 to over 45 years, with a significant proportion in the 15–29 years of age group. Approximately half were male, with the majority having attained a university education or higher. A considerable portion had never been married and reported incomes below 10,000 SR per month. Physical inactivity affected nearly half of the participants, primarily attributed to a lack of willpower, followed by factors such as lack of energy and time constraints. Barriers to a healthy diet mirrored those of physical activity, with lack of willpower and time being prominent factors. These barriers exhibited various associations with demographic variables such as age, gender, education, marital status, and income.

Conclusion:

With 383 participants, the study skewed toward young, educated, unmarried individuals with lower incomes. While nearly half reported physical inactivity and unhealthy diets, citing lack of willpower and time constraints as primary reasons, further analysis is needed to explore how these barriers connect with the diverse demographic makeup of the study population.
Ventriculoperitoneal shunt and bilateral herniotomies in mucopolysaccharidosis type I: A surgical challenge
Authors: Gupta Rahul , Goyal Manisha , Tiwari Raghav , Bhandari Anu
Published: August 2024

Mucopolysaccharidosis type I or Hurler syndrome (1 in 100,000) is a rare lysosomal storage disorder caused by a defective IDUA gene which codes for α-L-iduronidase enzyme. Enzyme deficiency results in the accumulation of dermatan and heparan sulfate which leads to characteristic facial features, skeletal abnormalities, hepatosplenomegaly, cardiac and pulmonary disease, and progressive mental retardation. A 1-year-old male child presented with chief complaints of increasing head size and bilateral large inguinoscrotal swellings for 5 months. He had a motor developmental delay with poor speech at 1 year of age. The infant weighed 10 kg with a length of 76.5 cm and large head size with head circumference of 53.5 cm (>97 centiles); the anterior fontanel was wide open. Facial features revealed prominent forehead, bilateral corneal clouding, and coarse facies. Per-abdomen examination revealed hepatosplenomegaly; inguinoscrotal evaluation revealed bilateral large reducible indirect inguinal hernias. Radiographic findings suggested dysostosis multiplex. Serial cranial ultrasonography revealed progressive hydrocephalus. Noncontrast computed tomography brain confirmed communicating type of hydrocephalus with periventricular ooze. Considering the clinical history, clinical examination, and skeletal survey, findings were consistent with mucopolysaccharidoses. Urine spot test for glycosaminoglycans for mucopolysaccharidosis was positive. Enzyme analysis of alpha-L-iduronidase showed deficient levels. A molecular study revealed a homozygous mutation in the IDUA gene confirming the diagnosis of Hurler syndrome. The right ventriculoperitoneal shunt was performed after preoperative optimization. Bilateral inguinal hernia repair was contemplated after a gap of 8 weeks. On 9-month follow-up, there was a gradual reduction in ventricular hemispheric ratio, and the patient is doing well on follow-up. Surgical management of the MPS I patient is challenging, but with timely medical and surgical treatment, the prognosis is improving.
Quiver moduli spaces of a given dimension
Authors: Domokos Mátyás
Published: August 2024

It is shown that certain transformations on quiver-dimension vector pairs induce isomorphisms on the corresponding moduli spaces of quiver representations and map a stable dimension vector to a stable dimension vector. This result combined with a combinatorial analysis of dimension vectors in the fundamental set of a wild quiver is applied to prove that in each dimension there are only finitely many projective algebraic varieties occurring as a moduli space of representations of a quiver with a dimension vector that satisfies some simple constraints.
The impact of age on mortality in the intensive care unit: a retrospective cohort study in Malaysia
Authors: Ismail Abdul Jabbar , Hassan W Mohd Nazaruddin W , Nor Mohd Basri Mat , Shukeri Wan Fadzlina Wan Muhd
Published: August 2024

Background: Age is a significant consideration for intensive care unit (ICU) admission. However, the reported associations between increasing age and mortality vary across studies, and data in the local context of Malaysia are lacking. The objective of the present study was to determine the impact of increasing age on ICU mortality. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of ICU patients was conducted between January 2020 and November 2023 at a university hospital in Malaysia. Patients were classified into two categories according to age (years) and into four groups according to National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH): young adult (19–24), adult (25–44), middle age (45–64) and elderly (≥65). The Cochran-Armitage test for trend and Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed to evaluate the impact of increasing age on ICU mortality.Results: A total of 1,661 patients was analyzed. The Cochran-Armitage test showed a significant positive association between ICU mortality rate and age group (Z= −4.86, P<0.01) or MeSH category (Z=−5.36, P<0.01). After adjusting for other confounders, the strongest predictor for ICU mortality in the Cox proportional hazards regression analyses was age, with the elderly age group having the highest adjusted hazard ratio of 4.777 (95% confidence interval, 1.128–20.231; P=0.03).Conclusions: Age had a significant impact on ICU mortality in our cohort of critically ill patients.
Level of some matrix metalloproteinases in blood serum in relation to their genetic polymorphism depending on age
Authors: Chepurnova N. S. , Knysh S. V. , Jushhuk V. N. , Lebedev S. V. , Harchenko A. A.
Published: August 2024

The article presents data on the state of the proteolysis system and genes for the regulation of matrix metalloproteinases in 180 conditionally healthy women and men of young, middle, elderly and senile ages. A single sampling of the material (buccal epithelium) was performed in patients. PCR examination of the buccal epithelium for the analysis of polymorphisms of the genes MMP-1 rs1799750 and MMP-3 rs 3025058 was carried out on the instrument base of the DNA amplifier Bio-Rad CFX96. Serum levels of MMP-1, MMP-3 were studied by the sandwich variant of solid-phase enzyme immunoassay. Statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out using the IBM SPSS Statistics 26 program using nonparametric statistics methods. The results of the study. The values of MMP-1 and MMP-3 in the group of conditionally healthy women at a young age were lower than the values of middle age, whereas in old age their serum levels varied in different directions: MMP-1 decreased, and MMP-3 increased. When analyzing polymorphisms of the MMP-1 rs1799750 gene, the homozygous genotype -/- with low expression of the MMP-1 gene prevailed in young and middle-aged women, and in women over 75 years of age, the carriage of the G/G homozygote with active gene expression was recorded. When evaluating the expression of the MMP-3 rs 3025058 gene, it was found that young women significantly more often had 5A/5A polymorphism with high gene activity, but with a lower level of MMP- 3. In middle and old age, 65% have a heterozygous 5A/6A allele with reduced gene expression activity. In conditionally healthy men, the level of MMP-1 in blood serum increased in the middle-aged and senile groups, the values of MMP-3 in the group under 45 years of age were low compared with the elderly group (p = 0.041). MMP-1 rs1799750 in men under 75 years of age was identified in the -/G variant in the majority. Homozygous polymorphism of the MMP-3 rs 3025058 5A/5A gene with high activity of MMP-3 prevailed in groups of men under 60 years of age with serum levels of MMP-3 100.2 ng/mL and 92.5 ng/mL, respectively.
Immunotherapy is a new opportunity for managing patients with “thin” endometrium in cycles of transfer of thawed embryos
Authors: Lysenko O. V. , Bresski A. G. , Ogryzko I. N.
Published: August 2024

The trend of recent decades has been the search for therapeutic effects on the so-called “thin” endometrium. However, to date there is no optimal management scheme for patients with “thin” endometrium in assisted reproductive technology programs. Aim: to evaluate the effectiveness of using recombinant IL-2 before cryotransfer in women of late reproductive age with “thin” endometrium and repeated implantation failure after transfer of good quality embryos.
The study included 63 patients of late reproductive age with “thin” endometrium. The first group consisted of 25 patients of late reproductive age with a history of unsuccessful in vitro fertilization programs with good quality embryos. Cryotransfer to the patients of the first group was carried out in a modified natural cycle. The second group included 38 women of late reproductive age with a history of unsuccessful in vitro fertilization programs with good quality embryos. Cryotransfer for women of the second group was carried out in a cycle with hormone replacement therapy. Recombinant IL-2 in the cycle before cryotransfer were prescribed to all women. In both groups, implantation, clinical pregnancy, and live birth rates following administration of recombinant IL-2 were valuable. In both groups, the implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate were assessed after administration of recombinant IL-2. Statistical data processing was performed using application software package Statistica 6.0 (StatSoft, Ink. 1994-2001), adapted for biomedical research. p 0.05 was considered significant.
After recombinant IL-2 treatment of patients with infertility and thin endometrium, endometrial thickness increases statistically significantly in the first two menstrual cycles after treatment, so transfer of thawed embryos should be planned in the first two menstrual cycles after immunotherapy.
In order to increase the thickness of the endometrium during cryotransfer in a modified natural cycle, as well as in a cycle with replacement hormone therapy, recombinant IL-2 can be used in women with “thin” endometrium with repeated unsuccessful implantation attempts when transferring good quality embryos.
Cryotransfer should be performed in the first two menstrual cycles after immunotherapy.
Markers of systemic leukocyte activation for assessing acute and chronic systemic inflammation
Authors: Zotova N. V. , Zhuravleva Yu. A.
Published: August 2024

The phenomenon of systemic leukocyte activation is a component of systemic inflammation (SI), known as the systemic inflammatory response (SIR). Currently, there are hundreds of molecular markers that can serve as criteria for systemic activation, including soluble receptor to IL-2 (sIL-2R) or CD25, β2-microglobulin, and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP). The objective of our study was to assess whether markers of systemic leukocyte activation can be used as criteria for acute and chronic systemic inflammation. Data from 121 patients with acute critical infectious conditions – intensive care patients with sepsis-2 (according to the 2001 consensus, without MODS) and sepsis-3 (2016 consensus, with MODS) – and 136 patients with non-infectious genesis (polytrauma with and without MODS) were analyzed to study acute SI. Additionally, data from 148 patients with immune-inflammatory rheumatic diseases were analyzed to study chronic SI. The reactivity level (RL) was calculated using the author’s method to assess the intensity of SIR. The development of SI was verified based on the measured concentrations of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNFα, CRP, D-dimers, cortisol, myoglobin, and troponin I. Criteria for leukocyte activation phenomenon were sIL-2R 700 units/mL, β2-microglobulin 3000 ng/mL, and ECP 10 ng/mL.
Based on the study results, TNFα, ECP, and β2-microglobulin were identified as the most stable indices for dividing groups with and without systemic vasculitis in both acute and chronic diseases. These indices indicate the typical character of systemic leukocyte activation and can be used to assess the intensity of the described phenomenon when integrated into the SI score. However, it is doubtful that these indices can be independently applied as criteria for the complex process of SI and even the SIR phenomenon. This is because the registration of threshold values for two criteria simultaneously during the acute process of SI was only observed in 40.2% of cases, and in chronic processes, it was only observed in 23.7%. These values were comparable to the group without acute SI. Additionally, all three additional criteria were only determined in acute SI in 20.5% of cases and in chronic SI in 3.4%.
Neurocytokine blood profile of veterans of modern combat conflicts with post-traumatic stress disorder
Authors: Pashnin S. L. , Davydova E. V. , Altman D. S.
Published: August 2024

The formation of post-stress disorders in veterans of modern military conflicts is due to the peculiarities of the mutual influence of mental and immuno-endocrine processes aimed at maintaining the stability of the body in conditions of chronic activation of physiological systems through a process known as allostasis. The purpose of the study was to study the levels of stress mediators of hypothalamic-pituitary and adrenal origin, the cytokine profile of blood of veterans of modern wars with PTSD.
38 veterans of a special military operation in Ukraine with a diagnosis according to ICD 10: PTSD (F43.1) took part in the study. The diagnosis was verified on the basis of neuropsychological and pathopsychological examination. The comparison group included 30 veterans of the Chechen military campaign of the same age. The levels of stress hormones in the blood were determined by ELISA using the following method: ACTH (IBL, Germany); norepinephrine (Cloud-Clone, China); cortisol (HemaMedica, Russia); dihydroepiandrosterone (DBC, Canada). The blood cytokine profile was determined using a multiplex analysis using the Bio-Plex test system (MERZ, Germany).
Evidence of the accumulation of “allostatic load” during the formation of PTSD in SVO veterans was an increase in the blood concentrations of ACTH, norepinephrine, and cortisol, which are plastic constants of the catatoxic strategy of adaptation to the effects of prolonged combat stress. Allostatic reactions in PTSD included changes in the cytokine profile of the blood in the form of increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL- 1β, IL-6, IL-12 TNFα) and decreased anti-inflammatory and regulatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, TGF-β, IL-2). This neuroinflammatory status may be associated with the development of psycho-behavioral symptoms of PTSD.
The formation of maladaptive changes with the accumulation of “allostatic load” was clinically expressed in the form of PTSD and was accompanied by changes in the neurocytokine blood profile in the form of increased levels of ACTH, norepinephrine, cortisol, IL-lβ, IL-6, IL-12 TNFα, against the background of a decrease in the concentration of dehydroepiandrosterone, TGF-β, IL-4, IL-10, IL-2, which generally reflects the prevalence of the catatoxic adaptation strategy in combatants.
Pleiotropicity of immunomodulating effects of synthetic thymic hexapeptide in chronic infectious and inflammatory diseases of the genital tract in immunocompromized women
Authors: Nesterova I. V. , Kovaleva S. V. , Pikturno S. N. , Chulkova А. M. , Kuranova N. N. , Pirogova A. I. , Poezzhaev E. A.
Published: August 2024

A reason for a protracted course and frequent recurrence of pelvic inflammatory diseases (PID) is dysfunction of the immune system, which dictates the need of effective immunotherapeutic approaches. Objective: to clarify the features of immune system functioning, the interferon system, the profile of cytokines during the period of exacerbation of PID in women; to develop targeted immunotherapy using hexapeptide with assessment of its effectiveness. The studied immunocompromised women 20-40 years old with exacerbation of PID were divided into study groups (SG): SG1 (n = 22), SG2 (n = 70) before treatment; SG1a, SG1 receiving standard therapy; SG2a, SG2, receiving standard therapy and hexapeptide (HP, Imunofan®). The parameters of cellular and humoral immunity, levels of serum interferons, cytokines were determined. During exacerbation of PID, a decrease in IFNα was in both groups and IFNγ, more pronounced in SG1. In SG1, the levels of IL-6, TNFα were increased, the level of IL-8 was decreased. In SG2, the level of IL-6 was increased. An increase in IL-4, IL-10 was noted in both groups. Against the background of IFNα, IFNγ deficiency and cytokine imbalance, a significant decrease in T lymphocytes, T helper cells, B lymphocytes was observed in both study groups. After standard treatment, there was no recovery of IFNα, IFNγ. Only TNFα decreased, the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 were increased at the end of treatment, there was no increase in IL-4, IL-10 and restoration of cellular and humoral immunity. It leads to maintaining chronic inflammation and exacerbation of PID within 3 months after treatment. After immunotherapy including fHP, IFNα was restored in 50% cases. There was a decrease in IL-1β, TNFα without significant changes in the levels of IL-8, IL-18. Resolution of inflammation was accompanied by an increase in IL-10. The modulating effect of fHP on interferons and cytokines contributed to the restoration of T cell and humoral immunity, which is related to the onset of clinical remission of PID at an earlier time and an increase in the duration of the inter-relapse period. The positive effectiveness of immunotherapy with Imunofan® is due to its pleiotropic effects, which provides significant advantages compared to the use of standard therapy only.
Experimental mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis induced by nebulized LPS administration
Authors: Namakanova O. A. , Gubernatorova E. O. , Chicherina N. R. , Zvartsev R. V. , Drutskaya M. S.
Published: August 2024

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung injury is the most commonly used mouse model of acute lung inflammation that simulates the development of respiratory distress syndrome in humans. The effects of acute LPS-induced airway inflammation are well studied and associated with the neutrophil accumulation in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), local and systemic production of proinflammatory cytokines and narrowing of the airways. Recent studies demonstrated the presence of pulmonary fibrosis characterized by increased fibroblast proliferation and excess extracellular matrix deposition in late phase of acute lung inflammation caused by LPS exposure. This work describes an experimental model of acute lung injury induced by a single aerosol injection of LPS as a reproducible in vivo model of pulmonary fibrosis. To induce lung injury, C57BL/6 mice were placed in a chamber and exposed to an aerosol containing 10 mg of LPS using an Aeroneb Lab Nebulizer delivery system. We found that 5 weeks after a single nebulized LPS administration, mice have increased production of IL-6 in BALF. Although the frequency of neutrophils was not altered, there was a decrease in the percentage of alveolar macrophages at 5 weeks after LPS exposure, indicating continued lung inflammation. Several weeks after aerosolized LPS challenge, IL-10 production in BALF was increased, as well as expression of Tgfb1, Col1a1, Il13 and Acta2, and collagen deposition in lung tissue compared to mice with acute lung inflammation.
Thus, the single nebulized LPS administration represents a relevant, reproducible and physiologic model in mice allowing to investigate the mechanisms of pulmonary fibrosis development and help in the search for new therapeutic agents and approaches.
THE INFLUENCE OF POPULAR MEDIA ON YOUNG INDONESIAN WOMAN WEARING HIJAB
Authors: Simorangkir Deborah
Published: August 2024

Indonesia has been experiencing a rise in Islamic conservatism, and with that, a rapid increase in the number of women wearing the hijab. There has also been an increase in the production and consumption of Islamic content in popular media targeted at young Indonesians. This study analyzes how popular media influences girls in their decision to wear hijab. Findings from in-depth interviews with 10 university hijab-wearing students show that though they decided to wear the hijab because they believe it to be proper Islamic behavior, still, family, friends, and celebrities have also been influential in their decision. Indonesian popular media portray women in hijab in a positive light. All respondents agreed that throughout their experience wearing the hijab, popular media has served them in various ways, including style inspiration. Based on Stuart Hall’s Reception Theory, most respondents have taken the Dominant-Hegemonic position when consuming media messages pertaining the hijab. A small minority, however, took the Negotiated position because they feel that the media should portray women who wear the hijab just as any other woman.
IMPROVING INCOME GENERATION IN OSUN STATE, NIGERIA: THE IMPORTANCE OF TRAINING TAX PERSONNEL FOR REVENUE ENHANCEMENT
Authors: Sajuyigbe Ademola Samuel , Amusat Adesola W , Fadahunsi Adewale Charcles
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study was to estimate the influence of training tax personnel on revenue generation, and also to determine the challenges of tax administration in Osun State, Nigeria. This study used a survey research design and collected data from 320 state tax officials using a structured questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using mean, chi-square, and path analysis. The results show that income generation is positively and significantly associated with tax officer training. This finding suggests that income generation is an indicator of tax officer training.  The study also found that limited training programs, outdated manual systems, poor technical integration, lack of qualified personnel, lack of tax culture and taxpayer awareness, and lack of resources are the main challenges of tax administration in Osun State Nigeria. The findings of this study has significant policy implications, training tax personnel improves tax compliance, efficient tax administration, fair and equitable taxation, enhanced taxpayer services, increased revenue generation, and better stakeholder engagement. These implications can contribute to a more effective and trusted tax system, benefiting policymakers, taxpayers, and stakeholders alike. The study offers empirical evidence regarding the revenue structure within the state, serving as a basis for the establishment of effective tax policies. Additionally, this research is unique in its utilization of two theories, namely the diffusion theory of taxation and the human capital theory of taxation, to explore the education and motivation of tax collectors. It also highlights how various stakeholders, including tax administrators, policymakers, and civil society organizations, can benefit from the process of tax policy formulation and implementation.
Deterministic pushdown automata can compress some normal sequences
Authors: Carton Olivier , Perifel Sylvain
Published: August 2024

In this paper, we give a deterministic pushdown transducer and a normal
sequence of digits compressed by it. This solves positively a question left
open in a previous paper by V. Becher, P. A. Heiber and the first author.
Faster parameterized algorithms for modification problems to minor-closed classes
Authors: Morelle Laure , Sau Ignasi , Stamoulis Giannos , Thilikos Dimitrios M.
Published: August 2024

Let ${\cal G}$ be a minor-closed graph class and let $G$ be an $n$-vertex
graph. We say that $G$ is a $k$-apex of ${\cal G}$ if $G$ contains a set $S$ of
at most $k$ vertices such that $G\setminus S$ belongs to ${\cal G}$. Our first
result is an algorithm that decides whether $G$ is a $k$-apex of ${\cal G}$ in
time $2^{{\sf poly}(k)}\cdot n^2$, where ${\sf poly}$ is a polynomial function
depending on ${\cal G}$. This algorithm improves the previous one, given by
Sau, Stamoulis, and Thilikos [ICALP 2020], whose running time was $2^{{\sf
poly}(k)}\cdot n^3$. The elimination distance of $G$ to ${\cal G}$, denoted by
${\sf ed}_{\cal G}(G)$, is the minimum number of rounds required to reduce each
connected component of $G$ to a graph in ${\cal G}$ by removing one vertex from
each connected component in each round. Bulian and Dawar [Algorithmica 2017]
provided an FPT-algorithm, with parameter $k$, to decide whether ${\sf
ed}_{\cal G}(G)\leq k$. However, its dependence on $k$ is not explicit. We
extend the techniques used in the first algorithm to decide whether ${\sf
ed}_{\cal G}(G)\leq k$ in time $2^{2^{2^{{\sf poly}(k)}}}\cdot n^2$. This is
the first algorithm for this problem with an explicit parametric dependence in
$k$. In the special case where ${\cal G}$ excludes some apex-graph as a minor,
we give two alternative algorithms, running in time $2^{2^{{\cal O}(k^2\log
k)}}\cdot n^2$ and $2^{{\sf poly}(k)}\cdot n^3$ respectively, where $c$ and
${\sf poly}$ depend on ${\cal G}$. As a stepping stone for these algorithms, we
provide an algorithm that decides whether ${\sf ed}_{\cal G}(G)\leq k$ in time
$2^{{\cal O}({\sf tw}\cdot k+{\sf tw}\log{\sf tw})}\cdot n$, where ${\sf tw}$
is the treewidth of $G$. Finally, we provide explicit upper bounds on the size
of the graphs in the minor-obstruction set of the class of graphs ${\cal
E}_k({\cal G})=\{G\mid{\sf ed}_{\cal G}(G)\leq k\}$.
Comprehending Manipulative Tactics In Elections
Authors: Lubis Muya Syaroh Iwanda , Purba Budiman , Syahrah Indi Regina , Adha Ika , Lesminingrum Lujeng
Published: August 2024

General elections (Pemilu) are a strong foundation of democracy, but are often affected by various manipulative tactics used by political actors. This article aims to present a literature review of manipulative tactics that often appear in the context of general elections. We analyze various empirical and theoretical studies that highlight manipulative practices such as duping the masses, spreading fake news, money politics, voter intimidation, and gerrymandering. Through a synthesis of the literature, we identify the factors that drive the use of manipulative tactics and their impact on democratic integrity. Additionally, we explore efforts to address manipulative tactics, including stricter regulations, voter education, and the role of media and civil society in combating practices that undermine democratic processes. This analysis provides a deeper understanding of political dynamics in general elections and their relevance in the context of sustainable democratic development.
The Effect Of Market Segmentation And Product Distribution On Product Sales Volume PT. Garuda Mas Perkasa Medan
Authors: Pasaribu Defi Amelia , Nasution Muhammad Amri , Firah Al
Published: August 2024

This research aims to determine and analyze the effect of market segmentation and product distribution on sales volume at PT Garuda Mas Perkasa Medan. The type of research in this study is quantitative with an associative approach. The population of this study were employees of PT Garuda Mas Perkasa Medan. The sample selection method uses saturated sampling, the number of samples used is 50 sample data. Before conducting research, first test the instrument with validity test and reliability test. Prerequisite test analysis includes normality test, multicollinearity test and heteroscedasticity test. The data analysis method uses multiple linear regression. The results of this study are in accordance with the first hypothesis, that market segmentation affects sales volume. This can be seen from the test results which show that the value of  3.915 is greater than  2.010 with a significance value of 0.000 less than 0.05. The results of this study are in accordance with the second hypothesis, that product distribution has an effect on sales volume. This can be seen from the test results which show that the value of  3.580 is greater than  2.010 with a significance value of 0.000 smaller than 0.05. The results of the study are in accordance with the third hypothesis, that market segmentation and product distribution simultaneously affect sales volume. This can be seen from the F test which shows a significance value smaller than 0.05, which is 0.000. Then Fcount> Ftable (26.845> 3.190).
Transport as a basis for development of mutual trade and economic growth of BRICS countries
Authors: Muzalevskiy K. L. , Iakovlev T. A. , Muzykin I. V.
Published: August 2024

The article deals with a new perspective on increasing logistics connectivity of BRICS countries through development of transport routes. The typology of routes was proposed for the first time as a result of activities of the Subgroup for Transport and Logistics of the BRICS Business Council and summarized in the Guide of BRICS Transport Routes. Descriptions of main parameters of the routes as well as barriers to their development are presented in the article. The value of research lies in the preparation of recommendations to overcome barriers to development of these routes, which will create conditions for the growth of mutual trade and economic growth of BRICS countries.
Prospects for the development of transport and logistic routes connecting the BRICS Countries
Authors: Tikhomirov A. A.
Published: August 2024

This article examines the current metrics and future prospects for the development of transportation and logistics routes connecting BRICS member countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, Egypt, Ethiopia, UAE, Saudi Arabia and Iran). It analyses railway transport indicators, the dynamics and structure of mutual trade, as well as the main destinations of Russian exports. A special focus is placed on infrastructure projects and trends in multimodal transportation. The study highlights the significance of investment in infrastructure and the optimization of logistics processes, emphasizing the potential for enhanced economic cooperation among BRICS members.
You are remembered by grateful memory, Mr. Betancourt
Authors: Ivanov M. V. , Kisеlev I. P.
Published: August 2024

The article covers the life and certain episodes of the activities of Augustin Betancourt (1758–1814), an outstanding engineer, scientist, architect, teacher, and statesman of Spain and Russia, in Russia. Arriving in Russia at the personal invitation of Emperor Alexander I, and being in the Russian service from 1808 to 1824, A. Betancourt left a notable mark in the history of engineering and construction, in the development of industry and transport of the Russian Empire, and formation of engineering education in the country. Based on the sources, including those of the XIX century, the article provides information on the main projects implemented by him in Russia, offers characteristics of the relations between Augustin Betancourt and Emperor Alexander I, and other statesmen of that epoch, and reveals some personal and psychological peculiarities of behaviour of the engineer and scientist. An attempt is made to study the reasons for the tsar’s disfavour of Augustin Betancourt and his resignation from government posts. The article describes the conspicuous merits of A. Betancourt, his contribution to speeding up the industrial revolution in Russia, gives the main facts related to the special role of the scientists of Emperor Alexander I St. Petersburg State Transport University (PGUPS),the successor of the Institute of the Corps of Railway Engineers (IKIPS), organised by Betancourt, and the Betancourt’s Legacy International Scientific and Educational Project held since 2015 and the annual Betancourt International Engineering Forums dedicated to the development of higher engineering education in the world. This article is dedicated to the memory of Augustin Betancourt and is published in the year of the 200th anniversary of his passing on July 26 (14), 1824.
TRES MODELOS COMPARADOS DE FUNCIÓN PÚBLICA Y SUS PROCESOS DE SELECCIÓN
Authors: ILDEFONSO HUERTAS ROSA MARÍA
Published: August 2024

Estudio comparativo del actual sistema de ingreso en el empleo público de las Administraciones españolas con otros modelos existentes (Italia y EE.UU.).
INCIDENCIAS DE LA MÁS RECIENTE LEGISLACIÓN SECTORIAL ANDALUZA EN LOS PROCEDIMIENTOS DE LICENCIA URBANÍSTICA MUNICIPAL
Authors: VALERA ESCOBAR GINÉS
Published: August 2024

En este libro se tratan algunos expedientes administrativos en los que concurren competencias de diferentes Administraciones Públicas con respecto a los procedimientos de licencia urbanística municipal.
DEPENDENT CLAUSES WITH THE MEANING OF EXCLUSION IN THE ADMINISTRATIVE-LEGAL STYLE OF THE SERBIAN LANGUAGE IN THE 19TH CENTURY
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Philology and Arts, Pavlović Jovanović Jelena  M.
Published: August 2024

The aim of the paper is to examine the status of dependent clauses with the meaning of exclusion in the administrative-legal style of the Serbian language in the 19 th century. The meaning of exclusion within the category of dependent clauses develops as a product of the more recent language development, mostly in the 20th century, and there has been no research on the status of this category in the 19th century as well as in the administrative-legal style of the 20th century. Legal texts adopted during the 19th century were used as the corpus. Excerpted examples were analyzed using a combina- tion of semantic-syntactic, historical-linguistic, and functional-stylistic methods. We found that dependent clauses with exceptional meaning represent the least numerous group of dependent clauses in the administrative-legal style of the 19th century. This meaning is expressed by connectors such as osim ako / osem ako, sem ako, osim kad, osim gde, samo što and krom(j)e kad. The connector krom(j)e kad is found in the pre-standard period and represents the only hybrid connector, with a combination of elements from the vernacular and Church Slavonic / Russian-Slavic language. For the pre-standard period, it can be said that most connectors are in the process of formation. The connector samo ako, which in the normative-legal code serves to encode the exception within the rule-exception matrix, is most common.
MEHRSPRACHIGKEITSDIDAKTIK UND IHRE UMSETZUNGIN DAF-LEHRWERKEN
Authors:   University of Niš, Faculty of Philosophy, Momčilović Nikoleta M. , Stanojević Veselinović Marija M. ,   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Education in Jagodina, Serbai
Published: August 2024

Deutsch als zweite Fremdsprache wird an vielen Schu- len erlernt, während Englisch die dominierende erste Fremdsprache ist. Das Leh- ren und Erlernen der deutschen Sprache in solchen Umständen, in denen drei Sprachen im Kontakt stehen (Muttersprache, Englisch und Deutsch), ist aufgrund der typologischen Verwandtschaft dieser beiden Fremdsprachen und des Wissens- und Erfahrungstransfers spezifisch. In diesem Beitrag stellen wir didaktisch-me- thodische Implikationen solcher Umstände für den Unterricht von Deutsch als Drittsprache dar, vor allem die grundlegenden Richtlinien für die Arbeit am ge- meinsamen englisch-deutschen Wortschatz und an der gemeinsamen Grammatik, sowie die Prinzipien der Mehrsprachigkeitsdidaktik (kognitives Lernen, Verstehen als Ausgangspunkt, Orientierung zu Inhalten usw.), die auch als Anforderungen bei der Konzeption und Erstellung von Lehrwerken gestellt werden. Anschließend analysieren wir zwei aktuelle DaF-Lehrwerke im Anfängerunterricht, Magnet und Beste Freunde, im Hinblick auf grundlegende Aspekte der Tertiärsprachendidaktik. Nämlich, die Auswahl von Aufgaben und Inhalten, die den Sprachvergleich, den Wissens- und Fertigkeitstransfer, die Reflexion und Diskussion über Sprachphä- nomene und Lernweise fördern, können den Erwerb der deutschen Sprache effizi- enter machen und zur Mehrsprachigkeitsentwicklung beitragen. Die analysierten Lehrwerke spiegeln mehr oder weniger Elemente der Mehrsprachigkeitsdidaktik wider, was durch die in unserer qualitativen Analyse genannten Beispiele bestätigt wird
MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS DAN PRODUKTIFITAS DENGAN ANALISIS PENANGANAN OVERBUDGET OVERTIME DENGAN METODE LEAN MANAGEMENT
Authors: Sari Nopita , Saputra Rahmat
Published: August 2024

Departemen EM memiliki peran krusial dalam memastikan mesin berfungsi optimal untuk produksi yang efisien dan berkualitas. Namun, departemen ini sering menghadapi masalah overbudget overtime, di mana biaya lembur untuk pemeliharaan dan perbaikan peralatan selalu melebihi anggaran yang ditetapkan yaitu sebesar $2,500 per bulan dan $30,000 per tahun. Kurangnya perencanaan perawatan, keterbatasan tenaga kerja, dan alokasi anggaran untuk produksi menjadi faktor utama. Dengan menerapkan Lean Management seperti JIT, VSM, dan optimalisasi sumber daya manusia, perusahaan berhasil meningkatkan efisiensi operasional dan menurunkan biaya lembur. JIT meningkatkan pemeliharaan preventif dan mengurangi biaya darurat, VSM mengidentifikasi pemborosan, sementara optimalisasi sumber daya manusia mengurangi kebutuhan lembur dan meningkatkan produktivitas. Hasil penelitian ini adalah penerapan Lean Management dapat meningkatkan efektivitas dalam pengelolaan biaya lembur, pemeliharaan peralatan, serta memastikan kepatuhan anggaran yang sudah di tetapkan.
VALIDASI METODE ANALISIS SENYAWA METABOLIT SEKUNDER PADA MORINGA OLEIFERA LAM., DAN EUCALYPTUS GLOBULUS LABILL.
Authors: Suarantika Farendina , Akbar Nabila Hadiah , Patricia Vinda Maharani
Published: August 2024

Beberapa tanaman Indonesia seperti Moringa oleifera Lam. dan Eucalyptus globulus Labill.
mengandung senyawa aktif yang dapat memberikan aktifitas farmakologis seperti antibakteri,
antioksidan, antidiabetes, anti-kanker dan juga anti-inflamasi. Penelitian ini merupakan studi pustaka
yang meninjau validasi metode dalam analisis senyawa aktif yang terdapat pada tanaman Moringa
oleifera Lam. dan Eucalyptus globulus Labill. Adapun parameter yang terdapat pada dalam suatu
validasi metode yaitu akurasi, linearitas, presisi, batas nilai deteksi, dan batas nilai akurasi. Sumber
informasi yang digunakan pada kajian pustaka ini diperoleh dengan menggunakan search engine seperti
Science direct, Google Scholar, dan PubMed. Kriteria inklusi mencakup artikel penelitian, tema artikel
mengenai analisis metabolit sekunder Moringa oleifera Lam. dan Eucalyptus globulus Labill. Untuk
kriteria eksklusi adalah artikel metode analisis metabolit sekunder selain Moringa oleifera Lam. dan
Eucalyptus globulus Labill., tidak memuat data validasi, serta tidak memuat prosedur lengkap analisis.
Berhasil dikumpulkan dan dianalisis sebanyak 45 artikel dan hasilnya validasi metode secara umum
menggunakan instrumen RP-HPLC/HPTLC, Spektrofotometri UV-Vis, GC-FID, GC, dan UHPLCDAD.
Kata Kunci: Validasi metode, Moringa oleifera Lam., Eucalyptus globulus Labill., Metabolit sekunder
O gênio e o pleb(eu)
Authors: Toledo Gustavo
Published: August 2024

Editorial
Tratamento de mordida anterior na dentição decídua e mista: revisão de literatura
Authors: Viana Ana Karla Saminez
Published: August 2024

A mordida aberta anterior é um tipo de má oclusão de origem multifatorial, e é definida como uma dimensão vertical negativa entre as bordas incisais das arcadas dentárias, que como consequência acaba expondo a falta de contato entre os dentes, ausência do selamento labial, respiração bucal, interposição lingual e entres outros problemas. Esse tipo de condição é muito complicado para se tratar, por causa das suas etiologias que acaba afetando a estética funcional do paciente. A escolha do tratamento é muito importante para cada tipo de situação e o ortodontista tem que estar apto para ter conhecimentos essenciais e realizar o diagnóstico correto para poder definir qual tratamento seguir, portanto é indispensável a colaboração de outros profissionais como fonoaudiólogo, psicólogo e o otorrinolaringologista para obter um tratamento de sucesso e evitar recidiva. O objetivo desse trabalho é apresentar as diversas formas de tratamento de mordida aberta anterior durante na dentição decídua e mista, por tanto foram analisados 48 artigos conforme o assunto de escolha e somente 40 foram escolhidos para a construção do trabalho, sendo utilizados sites como PubMed, SciELO e Google Acadêmico.
Verticalização de molares utilizando mini-implantes: revisão de literatura
Authors: Mesquita Aliny Santos
Published: August 2024

A verticalização de molares é algo bem rotineiro na parte clínica da ortodontia, em específico para os pacientes que se tem indicação de reabilitação protética. Um dos principais pontos levados em questão na verticalização dos molares são os efeitos indesejados que essa mecânica oferece para alcançar o objetivo final. A extrusão é umas das principais consequências podendo dessa forma ocasionar um contato prematura propiciando assim a abertura da mordida. A mecânica de verticalização de molares exige cautela, pois o tratamento é bem delicado e complexo, porém com a utilização dos mini-implantes na ortodontia essa mecânica tem se tornado cada vez mais um tratamento eficaz e previsível. O objetivo desse trabalho foi, através de uma revisão bibliográfica, avaliar a importância da utilização dos mini-implantes bem como a sua utilização no processo de verticalização de molares durante o tratamento ortodôntico. Portanto, foi possível concluir através desse estudo bibliográfico que o uso do mini-implantes na verticalização de molares inferiores tem-se tornado cada vez mais útil por apresentar benefícios, diminuindo os efeitos indesejáveis como a extrusão dos dentes, inclinações e problemas periodontais nos resultados comparados com as técnicas convencionais. Com isso os tratamentos estão cada vez mais rápidos elevando a previsibilidade de bons resultados.
Improvement of Mobile Network Performance Ranking Using QoSKPI Index in Nigeria
Authors: Benedict Ogoh Edoyemi , Omije Prof. Bourdillon
Published: August 2024

This article introduces a novel approach to enhancing mobile network operator (MNO) performance ranking in Nigeria through the development and implementation of a Quality of Service Key Performance Indicator (QoSKPI) Index. As mobile technologies evolve and reliance on mobile services increases, the need for robust and comprehensible network performance metrics becomes critical. This study addresses gaps in current methodologies, which often assess Quality of Service (QoS) parameters independently, by aggregating multiple QoS Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) into a single comprehensive metric. By applying the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), the research develops a QoSKPI Index that combines various network performance indicators into a unified ranking system. This index is validated against consumer complaints and empirical data to ensure its relevance and accuracy in reflecting the actual network performance experienced by users. Significant findings illustrate the utility of the QoSKPI Index in benchmarking MNOs' QoS performance, providing a clear empirical basis for ranking that can influence user choice and regulatory strategies aimed at enhancing network quality across Nigeria.
Development and Advantages of Renewable Energy Hybrid Systems (REHS)
Authors: Mehmood Arshad
Published: August 2024

Solar power is a demand of our planet in coming days due to the depletion of non-renewable sources of energy. The renewable sources of energy are responsible for 80 % of world’s power and we all are directly dependent on non-renewable source which will only last in coming decades. Due to increase in power demands new development in renewable sources of energy are going on due to which on commercial level solar cell achieved an efficiency of 15 – 20 % and improving day by day. At a panel inclination of 22 oC, the effect of panel temperature and relative humidity on photovoltaic are studied. A precision digital hygrometer and thermometer, and a digital clamp meter were used in the process. Results obtained show that the effect of relative humidity on current, voltage, power of single and 10 panels combined together. The results also show that voltage and current remain fairly stable between 15 % to 35 % relative humidity. Panel’s temperature also plays a significant role on performance after 55 ºC, the voltage started dropping in both cases. Output from the wind turbine has also been measured on a working condition day, and different readings have been recorded with an interval of 15 mins at different wind speeds. It works by converting the kinetic energy in the wind first into rotational kinetic energy in the turbine and then electrical energy that can be supplied. The output energy comes directly depend on speed of wind and the blades swept area. Renewable Energy Hybrid System (REHS) is a system that utilizes two sources or more of renewable energy. As an advantage, it will produce continuous source of energy and utilizing one source in the absence of other source(s). The aim of this study is to enhance the energy output of renewable energy system which is the wind turbine by incorporating solar panels.