bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Melanoma Skin Cancer Detection and Classification using Deep Learning
Authors: Vattikuti Lohith , Chintala Sai Vignesh , Dola Sudheer Kumar , Sai Vuyyala Poorna , Amarnadh Dondapati , Tummalapalli SrinivasaRao
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Melanoma is caused by abnormal growth of skin cells which is most often devloped on skin exposed to UV rays. It is less common but one of the most dangerous diseases in the world. Classifying skin lesions correctly at an early stage could avoid some types of skin cancers like melanoma and increases the chances of cure before cancer spreads. One of the efficient methods to accurately identify Melanoma is using deep learning. Deep learning methods such as AlexNet, Inception V3 were proposed in the past. In this project, other methods like MobileNet, CNN, ensemble method, ReNet, VGG16 will be used to detect the type of cancer using dermoscopic image data. Layers of these models are applied for fine-tuning which allows us to differentiate between different classes of skin lesions. There are two kinds of Melanoma, malignant and benign and we will also perform grading to early diagnose the disease which will ultimately increase the survival rate.
Micro-Doppler characteristics of rough cone space target
Authors: Xu Zhiming , Wu Jing , Ai Xiaofeng
Published: September 2023

Micro-Doppler (mD) characteristics of the cone space targets (CSTs) have
attracted great attention due to the potential for discrimination
between targets and decoys. However, current investigations mainly focus
on CSTs with perfectly smooth surfaces. This Letter reveals that mD
characteristics of CSTs are associated with surface roughness, and the
generated data set used for CST recognition should contain rough target
samples. Finally, simulation results via the electromagnetic computation
verify the correctness of the analysis.
Effects of Rifampicin on the Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Carotegrast Methyl in Healthy Subjects: A Randomized 2 x 2 Crossover Study
Authors: Imai Hiromitsu , Oikawa Ichiro , Koyama Tetsuya , Matsuki Shunji
Published: September 2023

Aims: To evaluate the effect of the combination of carotegrast methyl
with rifampicin, a potent inhibitor of organic anion transporter
polypeptide, on the pharmacokinetics (PK), safety and tolerability.
Methods: In this 2 x 2 crossover study in 20 healthy Japanese adults, 10
subjects received carotegrast methyl 960 mg and rifampicin 600 mg on day
1, and received carotegrast methyl 960 mg on day 8. The subjects in the
other sequence received the same treatments but in the opposite order.
When the 90% confidence interval (CI) of the geometric mean ratio of
the AUC and C for carotegrast, the
main active metabolite of carotegrast methyl, with/without rifampicin
fell within the range of 0.80 – 1.25, it was deemed that no PK
interaction occurred. Adverse events (AEs) were monitored. Results: The
C and AUC for carotegrast
with/without rifampicin was 11724.5 ± 6097.6 vs 2620.1 ± 1843.0 ng
mL, and 55046.0 ± 23427.8 vs 9849.9 ± 4580.6 ng h
mL, respectively. The ratios (90% CI) of the
C and AUC with/without rifampicin
were 4.78 (3.64 – 6.29) and 5.59 (4.60 – 6.79), respectively,
indicating carotegrast has a PK interaction with rifampicin. The
combination with rifampicin also increased the exposure of carotegrast
and its metabolites. The incidence of any AEs with/without rifampicin
was five (25.0%) and one (5.0%), respectively. Conclusion:
Coadministration of carotegrast methyl with rifampicin significantly
increased exposure of carotegrast compared with carotegrast methyl
administration alone. However, no increase in the incidence of adverse
drug reactions due to coadministration with rifampicin was observed.
Pulsed-field ablation for the management of para-Hisian accessory pathways in patients
Authors: Li Wentao , Li Fanghui , Tong Yao , Gong Aobo , Zeng Rui
Published: September 2023

Introduction: We present the application of pulsed-field
ablation (PFA) for the treatment of para-Hisian accessory pathways
(APs). Medthods: We consecutively enrolled patients diagnosed
with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) to undergo PFA
isolation. Two patients of this series exhibited para-Hisian AP and
experienced frequent palpitations. The JJEC PFA catheter were used to
deliver PFA applications. Results: No complications occurred,
even when pulsed ablation was performed in proximity to the His bundle.
During the 6-month follow-up visits, the patients remained free of
palpitations and arrhythmias. Conclusions: This report suggests
that PFA serve as a novel and effective modality for para-Hisian AP
ablation.
An Artificial Chaperone Serves a Dual Role in Regulating the Assembly of Peptides through Phase Separation
Authors: Li Wang , Zhou Yang , He Sheng , Wang Congsen , Shi Peichen , Li Suixu , Wang Xinchang , Yang Liulin , Cao Xiao-Yu , Tian Zhong-Qun
Published: September 2023

In biological systems, molecular assembly primarily relies on the
assistance of molecular chaperones. Inspired by nature, strategies like
‘chaperone-assisted assembly’ and ‘catalyzed assembly’ have been
proposed towards the sophisticated control of molecular assembly.
Nonetheless, significant challenges remain in the rational design of
such systems, calling for a deep understanding of underlying principles.
Herein, we demonstrate an artificial chaperone serves a dual role, i.e.
catalyst in low dosages and inhibitor in high dosages, in regulating the
supramolecular polymerization of peptides. Low dosages of carboxymethyl
cellulose, as the chaperones, catalyse the assembly of Aβ16-22 peptides
into fibrils through multi-step phase separation, while high dosages
trap the peptides into coacervate intermediates and therefore inhibit
the fibrillation. Consequently, the quantity of chaperone does not
follow the intuition that ‘more is better’ for catalyzing assembly, but
instead has an optimal molar ratio. Investigation reveals that the
interplay and evolution of electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions
between chaperones and peptides are the keys to achieving these
processes. This study provides insights into the multifaceted roles
artificial chaperones may play in a dosage-dependent manner, and
enriches the toolkit for efficient and controllable construction of
complex assembly systems.
PyIRI: Whole-Globe Approach to the International Reference Ionosphere Modeling Implemented in Python
Authors: Forsythe Victoriya , Bilitza Dieter , Burrell Angeline Gail , Dymond Kenneth F. , Fritz Bruce Aaron , McDonald Sarah E
Published: September 2023

The International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model is widely used in the
ionospheric community and considered the gold standard for empirical
ionospheric models. The development of this model was initiated in the
late 1960s using the FORTRAN language; for its programming approach, the
model outputs were calculated separately for each given geographic
location and time stamp. The Consultative Committee on International
Radio (CCIR) and International Union of Radio Science (URSI)
coefficients provide the skeleton of the IRI model, as they define the
global distribution of the maximum usable ionospheric frequency foF2 and
the propagation factor M(3000)F2. At the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory
(NRL), a novel Python tool was developed that enables global runs of the
IRI model with significantly lower computational overhead. This was made
possible through the Python rebuild of the core IRI component (which
calculates ionospheric critical frequency using the CCIR or URSI
coefficients), taking advantage of NumPy matrix multiplication instead
of using cyclic addition. This paper explains in detail this new
approach and introduces all components of the PyIRI package.
Reservoir drawdown highlights the emergent effects of water level change on reservoir physics, chemistry, and biology
Authors: Lewis Abigail S. L. , Breef-Pilz Adrienne , Howard Dexter , Lofton Mary E , Olsson Freya , Wander Heather L. , Wood Cecelia E. , Schreiber Madeline , Carey Cayelan
Published: September 2023

Water level drawdowns are increasingly common in lakes and reservoirs
worldwide as a result of both climate change and water management.
Drawdowns can have direct effects on physical properties of a waterbody
(e.g., by altering stratification and light dynamics), and can also have
emergent effects on the waterbody’s biology and chemistry. However, the
emergent effects of drawdown remain poorly characterized in small,
thermally-stratified reservoirs, which are common in the landscape.
Here, we intensively monitored a small eutrophic reservoir for two
years, including before, during, and after a month-long drawdown that
reduced total reservoir volume by 36%. Our study aimed to quantify the
effects of water level change on reservoir physical, chemical, and
biological properties. During drawdown, stratification strength (maximum
buoyancy frequency) and surface phosphate concentrations both increased,
contributing to a substantial surface phytoplankton bloom. The peak in
phytoplankton biomass was followed by cascading changes in surface water
chemistry, with sequential peaks in dissolved organic carbon, dissolved
carbon dioxide, and ammonium concentrations that reflect biogeochemical
processes associated with bloom degradation. Dissolved oxygen
concentrations substantially decreased in the surface waters during
drawdown (to 41% saturation), which was associated with increased iron
and manganese concentrations. Combined, our results illustrate how
changes in water level can have emergent effects on coupled physical,
chemical, and biological processes. As climate change and water
management continue to increase the frequency of drawdowns in lakes
worldwide, our results highlight the importance of characterizing how
water level variability can alter complex in-lake ecosystem processes,
thereby affecting water quality.
Revisiting traditional educational practices in the age of digitalization
Authors: Nikolaeva Evgeniya , Kotliar Polina , Nikolaev Mikhail
Published: September 2023

During the period of lockdown both students and teachers experienced immersion in the digital environment to the full, what allowed actualizing the so-called “dark” sides of organization of the educational process; those metamorphoses, which traditional roles of a student and a teacher are currently getting exposed to. Post-pandemic realities of education within the contour of Timothy Morton’s dark ecology theory are considered in the present paper. The authors make use of a “hyperobject” concept while studying the introduction of digitalization in the field of education, submitting to extrapolate Morton’s optics to comprehension of educational practices, mediated by digital environment. It is shown in the study, that absorption of traditional educational practices proves to be a limited discourse, where the technological component of digitalization is being merely actualized and the essence of educational process is being simultaneously discredited.
Neoliberalization elementary and high school education in Serbia from 2012 to 2022
Authors: Jankovic Milos
Published: September 2023

The paper demonstrates and analyses the process of neoliberalising
elementary and high school education in Serbia, focused on the period from
2012 and the beginning of Serbian Progressive Party government to today.
Before the empirical analysis itself, a theoretical contribution to the
debate surrounding the elusiveness of the concept of neoliberalism is given.
The paper recommends that the different conceptualizations of this term
should be described as aspects of a broader process of class rule through
disempowerment. Following Harvey?s approach, this meta-process is defined as
neoliberalization. Harvey?s elements of neoliberalization (privatization and
commodification; financialization; the management and manipulation of
crises; state redistribution) are thus expanded by three further elements:
the neoliberal intellectual project, ideology and the cultural regime. In
based on this theoretical framework neoliberal changes in education and
relationships between them are analyzed. Ways in which these changes
contribute towards the restoration of class power is shown.
Pilonidal Sinus Disease is Associated with Severe Hidradenitis Suppurativa in a Spanish Cohort
Authors: Ureña-Paniego Clara , Gamissans-Cañada Marta , Molina-Leyva Alejandro , Romaní Jorge
Published: September 2023

Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the hair follicle with a high level of morbidity. Pilonidal sinus disease is a comorbid disorder and may be the reason for first contact with the healthcare system of patients with hidradenitis suppurativa. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of association of pilonidal sinus disease and hidradenitis suppurativa and to explore whether pilonidal sinus disease defines a different clinical profile for patients with hidradenitis suppurativa. A cross-sectional study in which data regarding past history of pilonidal sinus disease, clinical and sociodemographic information were recorded during the first visit to the Hidradenitis Suppurativa Clinic of 2 tertiary hospitals. A total of 839 patients were included in the study. Of these, 51.7% (434/839) were male and mean age was 37.3 ± 13.6 years. Pilonidal sinus disease was present in 32.6% (269/839) of the patients and was associated with an early debut of hidradenitis suppurativa, a higher Hurley stage, inflammatory phenotype and a greater number of fistulas and perianal involvement. Elapsed time between pilonidal sinus disease and diagnosis of hidradenitis suppurativa was associated with higher disease severity. Pilonidal sinus disease is a frequent comorbidity and risk marker for hidradenitis suppurativa disease severity. Pilonidal sinus disease could be a sentinel event to identify patients who would benefit from close treatment and follow-up.
Understanding data provenance when using electronic medical records for research: Lessons learned from the Deliver Primary Healthcare Information (DELPHI) database
Authors: Black Jason Edward , Terry Amanda , Cejic Sonny , Freeman Thomas , Lizotte Daniel , McKay Scott , Speechley Mark , Ryan Bridget
Published: September 2023

IntroductionWe set out to assess the impact of Choosing Wisely Canada recommendations (2014) on reducing unnecessary health investigations and interventions in primary care across Southwestern Ontario.
MethodsWe used the Deliver Primary Healthcare Information (DELPHI) database, which stores deidentified electronic medical records (EMR) of nearly 65,000 primary care patients across Southwestern Ontario. When conducting research using EMR data, data provenance (i.e., how the data came to be) should first be established. We first considered DELPHI data provenance in relation to longitudinal analyses, flagging a change in EMR software that occurred during 2012 and 2013. We attempted to link records between EMR databases produced by different software using probabilistic linkage and inspected 10 years of data in the DELPHI database (2009 to 2019) for data quality issues, including comparability over time.
ResultsWe encountered several issues resulting from this change in EMR software. These included limited linkage of records between software without a common identifier; data migration issues that distorted procedure dates; and unusual changes in laboratory test and medication prescription volumes.
ConclusionThis study reinforces the necessity of assessing data provenance and quality for new research projects. By understanding data provenance, we can anticipate related data quality issues such as changes in EMR data over time-which represent a growing concern as longitudinal data analyses increase in feasibility and popularity.
Los agentes de la investigación educativa como sujetos y objetos de estudio
Authors: Vega Villarreal Sandra , Núñez Soto Alba Rosalía
Published: September 2023

El conocimiento que se construye en torno al campo educativo no sería posible sin los agentes que intervienen en su investigación. Por tanto, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo delinear un panorama general de los agentes de la investigación educativa en Chihuahua. Con un enfoque de investigación mixta, en primer lugar, se presenta un estudio descriptivo sobre la producción investigativa recuperada en Chihuahua durante la década 2009-2019. Posteriormente, se realiza un acercamiento cualitativo hermenéutico a los estudios sobre agentes de la investigación educativa generados durante la década. Los insumos para conceptualizar la producción y las condiciones institucionales se obtuvieron de un diagnóstico estatal de la investigación educativa, además de un instrumento electrónico que se aplicó a investigadores destacados por su producción. Los resultados demuestran que los agentes de la investigación educativa producen principalmente en colectivos asociados a un campo temático. Además, destacaron en número los investigadores potenciales, es decir, aquellos que producen de forma tangencial y en colectivo. En la producción predominaron artículos y ponencias, pero pocos libros y capítulos de libro. Asimismo, los autores indicaron que la mayoría no cuenta con recursos y condiciones institucionales adecuadas. Finalmente, se puede señalar que el análisis de los agentes como sujetos de investigación en Chihuahua es escaso, por lo que constituye un área para ser explorada.
“THE SONG OF UKRAINE” – THE MELODOUS VOICE OF THE NATIONAL COMMUNITY IN THE RADIO SPACE OF CANADA SINCE 1959
Authors:   State Tax University, Hyrina Tetyana
Published: September 2023

On the example of a specific radio initiative of the Ukrainian community in the foreign-language media environment of North America, the role and significance of the living Ukrainian word spoken through space and years to a generation of Ukrainians for the community is understood. Since 1959, “Song of Ukraine” has been continuously addressing its loyal listeners in their native language, first from radio station “CKFH 1400” (at 19.00 – 19.30), then “CHWO” (at 16.30 – 18.00), and now “CJMR 1320” ( at 19.20т – 19.50). Thanks to direct communication with the author of the program, N. Popovych, as well as an analysis of archival periodicals, a historical chronology of the progress of the initiative in the national environment of Ukrainians in Canada was established, and tribute was paid to its founders, Prokop and Viktoria Naumchuk, who started the long-term program, breathed life into it and imbued it with Ukrainian spirit and success. to the common national cause of contemporaries. The thematic polyphony and stylistics of the musical block of the initiative were traced, the question of the importance of the Ukrainian language for listeners of different categories was updated: for the older audience as an irreplaceable source of news information about Ukraine, for younger listeners as a platform for updating knowledge and communication skills in the language of their ancestors, etc. The deep mission of Ukrainian-language initiatives in the matter of preserving one's own national identity and the acceptability of generations has been elaborated. The names of the producers of Ukrainian radio content in Canada in different years were introduced into the scientific media discourse, among them Z. Prusachenko-Zubovych, S. Lantuha, S. Novytskyi, A. Shelyak, V. Magdenko, T. Kosach, V. Boychuka, T. Horokhovych, N. Kutsi-Kovalchuk, V. Romanyuka, S. Bayusa, Z. Onyshchuk, U. Melnyk, I. Kravets, N. Soltys, O. Sydorchuk-Sokolyk, and others. The receptivity of the Ukrainian community to off-air events initiated or supported by the program and its initiators is characterized. Among them are the annual charity “Ukrainian Evenings”, periodic celebrations, concerts, musicals, dances, etc.
THE STATE OF THE MEDIA MARKET OF UKRAINE IN 2022 AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF THE GLOBAL MEDIA BUSINESS
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Hotsur Oksana
Published: September 2023

The research analyzes the functioning and development of the Ukrainian media market in 2022 in the context of the global media business. The importance of this year's research is mainly due to two factors: 1) military events in Ukraine, which is geopolitically located in the center of Europe; 2) the continuing consequences of the Сovid-19 pandemic. These two factors have led to significant changes in the financial, political and economic structure of both the world and Ukraine. As a result, approaches to the functioning of global media giants have changed (introduction of innovations and actualization of priority areas of development in the media business). Currently, the greatest dynamics of development is observed in the sector of virtual reality and mobile games – PwC experts predict revenue growth of 19 % by 2026, and the value of the media industry will be almost $ 3 trillion. Based on the published analytical data, the article traces the trends in the development of the global media business in the context of the consequences of the war in Ukraine. In particular, it was found that in 2022 there are changes in social networks, which is associated with the purchase of Twitter, an emphasis on streaming, falling stock prices of leading media giants (Disney, Fox, CNN Warner Bros.Discovery, Paramount, Comcast, Roku), as well as staff cuts in media campaigns, which, accordingly, entails a significant increase in unemployment among the segment of media workers. The research also traces changes in the development of all segments of the Ukrainian media market in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war: print media, television, radio, advertising and social media. The dynamics of newspaper and magazine publishing in May-December 2022 is presented. The trends in the TV and radio market (the context of radio and television, the entry of new TV channels into the Ukrainian media TV space) are shown. The problems of the advertising market, which developed mainly in the digital sphere, which corresponds to general global trends, are analyzed. Attention is also paid to the state of the Ukrainian media business: the departure of media groups and the creation of new ones).
THE HIDDEN INFLUENCE ON THE RECIPIENT IN ADVERTISING OF THE SOCIAL NETWORK “FACEBOOK”
Authors:   Uzhhorod National University, Hetsko Hanna
Published: September 2023

The development of the information society has an impact not only on the quality of life of people, but also on the formation of new communication links. The rapid penetration of information technology into different areas of our lives has contributed to the global spread of the Internet, in which social networks are actively used for communication. For advertisers, social networks provide unique opportunities for rapid dissemination of information and direct contact with consumers. The specifics of advertising communication are not only informing the recipient about goods or services, but also influencing him/her through various means. The article raises the problem of discourse of social networks, where various manipulative strategies, tactics and techniques of influence are used when communicating in virtual space. Attention is focused on communicative and pragmatic techniques of manipulative influence on the consciousness of consumers in Ukrainian-language advertising texts of the social network “Facebook”. It is noted that in order to implement the strategy of manipulative influence, advertisers resort to various tactics. The most common of them is the transaccentuation tactic, which consists in forming a positive mood through shifting the emphasis from buying the advertised product or service to receiving pleasant emotions and sensations. Transaccentuation is most often transferred to a feeling of joy, happiness, comfort, peace, help, the absence of obstacles. A value-oriented tactic is also used, which is aimed at activating positive value guidelines in the mind of the addressee and their association with the advertised product or service. In analyzed advertising texts, the following basic values are most often manipulated: freedom, security, rest, family. Less common is the tactic of masking – the creation in an advertising message of such a position of the addressee, which allows you to play different roles in order to transfer communication with the addressee to the plane of personal communication (position of the mentor, interlocutor, adviser).
EVOLUTION OF POLITICAL ADVERTISING IN THE COMMUNICATION SPACE OF UKRAINE
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Voitovych Nataliia
Published: September 2023

Society always tries to be as informed as possible, especially if it concerns the political sphere. In the pre-election period, when the level of political activity increases, the information space becomes the field of their power struggle. The media have always been a kind of reference point in choosing the political sympathies of the addressees, and the content of the media shaped the attitude of these addressees toward reality. Since the public's responsibility for its political choices is high, the audience must always identify political advertising in any form. Political advertising went from its birth to an active phase of development in a span of almost 30 years. If at the end of the 20th century, we saw advertising only in the press, on television and radio, then at the beginning of the 21st century it is actively spreading in literature, on external elements, and with the development of the Internet – in social networks. The study analyzed political advertising and political campaigning from 1991 to the last presidential elections and developed a periodization based on the elections of the President of Ukraine. The emergence of political advertising took place in the late 1990s of the 20th century. Today, in the communication space of Ukraine, there is high-quality political advertising that meets the requirements of current legislation and relevant ethical standards. Along with this, we have the existence of political "jeansa" (hidden advertising), which violates journalistic and ethical standards. Political advertising has constantly evolved and acquired new forms related to the development of technology, information space, and society's demands. During its development, it went through several stages and transformations: from the unsuccessful application of postSoviet and Russian experience to the application of political technologies in the Telegram social network. The evolutionary period continues to this day. Modern communication technologies will help push political advertising to a new stage of development.
COMMUNICATIVE POTENTIAL OF THE PARTICLE “MOVLYAV” IN CONTEMPORARY UKRAINIAN ONLINE MEDIA TEXTS
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Datsyshyn Сhrystyna
Published: September 2023

The relevance of the study is determined by the need to find the means of achieving “multi-voice” media text that are optimal for the implementation of the journalist's communicative tasks; one of such tools is the particle movlyav. The article aims to investigate the communicative potential of the the particle movlyav in modern online media texts in the Ukrainian language, the task is to identify the functions of the particle movlyav, the emotional and evaluative load which it gives to the text. The study revealed that the particle movlyav is more and more actualized in online media texts, in which it attests to someone else's speech, denotes a retelling, less often a hypothetical modality. There is an interference of relatability and hypotheticality in media texts, the real words of others are perceived with a tinge of doubt and unreliability, and probable, hypothetical ones are perceived with a tinge of truth, that such thoughts could really be expressed. The particle movlyav conveys a negative assessment, an emotional color of non-acceptance, mistrust, contempt, doubt, irony both in relation to other people's words (spoken or probable) and in relation to their author, it indicates the otherness of the position of the author of the text, therefore it can be considered a kind of marker of the division “one's own – someone else's”, “one's own – stranger”. The dialogue between the author of the online media text and the author of someone else's words is manifested in an unspoken reaction to these words, the recipient of the online media text as a witness of this dialogue can take the position of any of the parties, however, the emotional and evaluative load of sentences with the the particle movlyav inclines to a positive perception of the media text author's positions. Increasing the distance between “one's own” and “someone else's” as a result of indicating the fakeness of the message, the introduction of additional words with a negative color into the text negates the possibility of any further communication. Frequent actualization of the particle movlyav with additional communicative emotional and evaluative functions can consolidate the perception of this word primarily not as a means of evidence, but as a marker of unreliability, untruthfulness, negative evaluation of other people's words. Therefore, we recommend that journalists use other means of introducing someone else's speech in texts, where there is a need to simply label it, without directly or indirectly expressing an attitude to what was said by another person
Suomalaisväestön maksuhalukkuus terveyteen liittyvästä elämänlaadusta
Authors: Hakuri Maija , Aarnio Emma , Martikainen Janne , Kankaanpää Eila
Published: September 2023

Kustannusvaikuttavuusanalyysit tuottavat tietoa interventioiden kustannusvaikuttavuudesta, mitä hyödynnetään päätettäessä resurssien allokoinnista terveydenhuollossa. Koska terveydenhuollon päätöksenteko vaikuttaa koko väestöön sekä veronmaksajina että mahdollisina potilaina, tulisi päätöksenteossa huomioida myös väestön preferenssejä eli arvotuksia. Väestön arvotuksia terveyttä kohtaan tutkitaan maksuhalukkuusmenetelmillä pyrkimyksenä määrittää rahallinen arvo esimerkiksi yhdelle terveyteen liittyvälle laatupainotetulle elinvuodelle (QALY). Uusien hoitojen lisätessä usein elämänlaatua pituuden sijaan olisi tärkeää tietää väestön arvotus tätä parannusta kohtaan. Tässä tutkimuksessa selvitettiin suomalaisväestön maksuhalukkuutta terveyteen liittyvän elämänlaadun paranemisesta, maksuhalukkuuteen yhteydessä olevia tekijöitä ja kyselytavan yhteyttä vastauksiin. Suomalaisten maksuhalukkuutta terveyteen liittyvästä elämänlaadusta ei ole tutkittu aiemmin.
Aineistona käytettiin Lääkealan turvallisuus- ja kehittämiskeskus Fimean Lääkebarometri 2015 -väestökyselyä, joka toteutettiin postikyselynä (n=3190) ja internet-paneelikyselynä (n=2235). Maksuhalukkuutta tutkittiin tarjoamalla vastaajille satunnaisesti neljästä mahdollisesta summasta yksi, jonka he pystyivät valitsemaan tai hylkäämään, elämisestä vuoden täydessä terveydentilassa. Aineisto analysoitiin SPSS- ja STATA-ohjelmilla.
Vastaajien keskimääräinen maksuhalukkuus QALYsta oli noin 13000 euroa, mikä on samaa tasoa kuin aikaisemmissa eurooppalaisissa tutkimuksissa. Korkeampiin tuloluokkiin kuuluvat, miehet, iäkkäämmät ja huonomman elämänlaadun omaavat hyväksyivät todennäköisemmin tarjotun summan. Myös työmarkkinastatus sekä tarjottu summa olivat yhteydessä maksuhalukkuuteen, mutta eivät pitkäaikaissairaudet tai koulutustaso. Internet-paneelivastaajat hyväksyivät postivastaajia todennäköisemmin tarjotun summan, mutta heidän keskimääräinen maksuhalukkuutensa oli postikyselyyn vastanneita alempi. Havaittuihin tuloksiin vaikuttavat todennäköisesti Suomen verorahoitteinen terveydenhuoltojärjestelmä ja siitä johtuva ostokokemuksen puute.
Taloudellisen arvioinnin historia, nykyhetki ja tulevaisuus
Authors: Booth Neill
Published: September 2023

Tässä puheenvuorossa käsitellään joitakin terveystaloudellisen arvioinnin (jäljempänä taloudellinen arviointi) onnistumisia ja haasteita käytännössä, kuvataan historiaa ja nykytilannetta sekä tarkastellaan sen pohjalta lyhyesti alan tulevaisuudennäkymiä Suomessa. Valtiovarainministeriö on viime aikoina ilmoittanut, että ”Väestön ikääntyminen luo merkittävän haasteen julkisen talouden kestävyydelle” ja ”että taloutemme suorituskyky ei riitä julkisen sektorin tarpeisiin, ei lakisääteisiin eikä muihin menoihin”. Vaikka lääketiede kehittyy hurjaa vauhtia ja aiheuttaa kasvavia julkisen terveydenhuollon menoja (1), monia sen terveysvaikutuksia voidaan nykyään pitää marginaalisina tai ne saattavat ilmetä vasta monien vuosien ennaltaehkäisyn tuloksena. Jos valtiovarainministeriön ennuste on oikea, jonkinlainen priorisointi saattaa olla pian Suomessa tarpeen(2). Koska terveydenhuollon budjettiin kohdistuu jatkuvaa painetta ja monien hoitojen hyödyt ovat epäselviä, taloudellista arviointia on tarjottu osittaisena ratkaisuna, joka voisi auttaa jollain tavalla päätöksentekoprosesseissa (3).
Kati Koskinen 1966–2023
Authors: Kankaanpää Eila , Linnosmaa Ismo , Räsänen Pirjo
Published: September 2023

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A Study on Relationship between Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) and Profitability of Islamic Banks in Bangladesh
Authors: Biswas Ganapati Kumar , Mondal Laboni
Published: September 2023

The study explored the impact of capital adequacy ratio (CAR) on the profit of Islamic banks in Bangladesh. For conducting the study, we have used a panel data set from 2005 to 2018 of 5 Islamic banks operating in Bangladesh, and we also used the return on equity (ROE) as the proxy of profit. By employing the fixed effect (FE) model, we found that CAR had a significant positive impact, while inflation and domestic credit to GDP had a negative effect on profitability of Islamic banks in Bangladesh. The findings of our study have important implications for the stakeholders, customers, and regulators of banks in Bangladesh.
Evaluasi Tingkat Literasi Informasi Mahasiswa Jurusan Ilmu Perpustakaan dalam Penyelesaian Skripsi di Fakultas Adab dan Humaniora: Studi Kasus Model-Model Literasi Informasi
Authors: Marni Marni
Published: September 2023

This research aims to identify and evaluate the models of information literacy used by students majoring in Library Science when facing their final assignments (theses). The research methodology employed is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. Primary data was collected through interviews with students from the 2019 cohort who were currently working on their theses, while secondary data was obtained from relevant references related to this research. The results of this study reveal various models of information literacy used by students in searching for the information needed to complete their final assignments. However, the main finding is that students in the Library Science department do not always strictly adhere to the guidelines within information literacy models. Instead, they employ various skills such as topic selection, reference searching, problem formulation, information selection, data organization, and thesis content creation flexibly according to their research needs and contexts. This research provides valuable insights into the information literacy practices of Library Science students and can serve as a basis for the development of more effective information literacy programs in the future. The findings of this study also reinforce the importance of a flexible approach to information literacy that allows students to develop skills tailored to their needs.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengevaluasi model-model literasi informasi yang digunakan oleh mahasiswa jurusan Ilmu Perpustakaan dalam menghadapi tugas akhir (skripsi). Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dengan mahasiswa angkatan 2019 yang sedang mengerjakan skripsi, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari referensi yang relevan dengan penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan beragam model literasi informasi yang digunakan oleh mahasiswa dalam pencarian informasi yang dibutuhkan untuk menyelesaikan tugas akhir. Namun, temuan utama adalah bahwa mahasiswa dalam jurusan Ilmu Perpustakaan tidak selalu mengikuti tahapan panduan yang terdapat di dalam model-model literasi informasi. Sebaliknya, mereka melakukan berbagai keterampilan seperti menentukan topik, mencari referensi, merumuskan masalah, menyeleksi informasi, mengorganisasi data, dan menciptakan konten skripsi secara fleksibel sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan konteks penelitian mereka. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan yang berharga tentang praktik literasi informasi mahasiswa jurusan Ilmu Perpustakaan dan dapat digunakan sebagai dasar untuk pengembangan program literasi informasi yang lebih efektif di masa mendatang. Hasil penelitian ini juga memperkuat pentingnya pendekatan fleksibel terhadap literasi informasi yang memungkinkan mahasiswa untuk mengembangkan keterampilan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan mereka.
Natural bio-enhancer for bioavailability enhancement
Authors: Keservani Raj K. , Ahire Eknath D. , Singh Amit Kumar , Maurya Neelesh Kumar , Maurya Poonam
Published: September 2023

There is a connection between bioavailability and absorption. In the field of pharmacology, this is referred to as a category of absorption and is defined as the proportion of a particular dosage of a drug that does not change and is absorbed into the systemic circulation. Both the overall absorption of medications and their specific bioavailability are important factors to consider in treatment. In this paper, we will go into great detail about the bioavailability of phytochemicals. We will also discuss the factors that influence bioavailability, the processes that improve bioavailability, and the phytochemicals that act as important bio enhancers, which are agents that improve the bioavailability of drugs.
Quality of life of lung cancer patients
Authors: Zub Valeriy , Tolstanov Oleksandr , Kotuza Andrii , Manzhalii Elina
Published: September 2023

Lung cancer is one of the most prevalent forms of cancer in patients in Ukraine. The objective of the study was to identify the main problems in the quality of life of patients with lung cancer in order to optimize medical care for this patient group. A survey of 411 patients of oncology institutions in nine regions of Ukraine was conducted in the period from November 2021 to February 2022. The sociological survey was performed using the EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-LC29 questionnaires. As of the pre-war period, the quality of life of lung cancer patients in Ukraine amounted to 49.12 points on a 100-point scale. According to the QLQ-C30 symptom scale, the highest score among the complaints of Ukrainian patients is that of financial difficulties, the second place is occupied by fatigue. According to the QLQ-LC29 symptom scale, patients with lung cancer were most concerned with “Fear of progression”. Ukrainian patients were least concerned about diarrhea and hemoptysis. When providing medical care to cancer patients, components to ensure the proper quality of their lives and psychosocial care, including the standardization of psychological care and its introduction in all institutions that provide medical care to cancer patients; organization of social and psychological support for cancer patients and their families; as well as educational work with relatives, colleagues, medical professionals on awareness of the need for social and psychological support for patients must be taken into account.
Determinants of Banking Operational Efficiency and the Relationship Between the Factors to Market Price: Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Siagian Pariang
Published: September 2023

Banks play an essential role in the economy, therefore, their performance must be maintained. Compared to other business sectors, the banking sector has continually achieved the greatest market shares over several periods. When a bank becomes more efficient, it can raise its income and market prices as well as investor confidence. This study examines various factors that influence operational efficiency and the implication for market prices. In 2016 – 2021 years, 28 banking companies were sampled from all banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Purposive sampling was used for data collection, and linear multiple regression was used for data processing by running tests such as descriptive statistics, determination, regression equations, hypotheses, and implications. The findings reveal a statistically significant relationship between a firm’s size, capital adequacy, loan-to-deposit ratio, net interest, and inflation with operational efficiency, while non-performing loans and exchange rates have no a substantial impact. Additionally, capital adequacy, loan-to-deposit ratio, inflation, and exchange rates had statistically significant effects on market prices, although operational efficiency, non-performing loans, and net interest did not. The mediating analysis reveals that there is no interaction between non-performing loans and net interest with market prices, but it is a mediator for other variables. The research is important for a variety of stakeholders, including managers, investors, and policymakers, who are interested in resolving banking business operations, increasing financial performance, and preserving market prices by establishing mitigation strategies related to specific-internal and external factors.
Peptide-based immunotherapy in lupus: Where are we now?
Authors: P. Singh Ram , S. Bischoff David , S Singh Satendra , H. Hahn Bevra
Published: September 2023

In autoimmune rheumatic diseases, immune hyperactivity and chronic inflammation associate with immune dysregulation and the breakdown of immune self-tolerance. A continued, unresolved imbalance between effector and regulatory immune responses further exacerbates inflammation that ultimately causes tissue and organ damage. Many treatment modalities have been developed to restore the immune tolerance and immmunoregulatory balance in autoimmune rheumatic diseases, including the use of peptide-based therapeutics or the use of nanoparticles-based nanotechnology. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art therapeutic use of peptide-based therapies in autoimmune rheumatic diseases, with a specific focus on lupus.
Socio-cultural conditions for public political rhetoric in the Italian language of the 19th–21st centuries (lexical aspect)
Authors: Klimkina L.
Published: September 2023

One of the main structural units of the political discourse of any language is its socio-political vocabulary, which is an integral part of the lexical system of the language reflecting a combination of the political and social characteristics of society. Such a complex of lexical units is designed not only to convey to the audience the views of any politician, but also to affect the society through vibrant and clear speech patterns determined by existing ideological values. The socio-political vocabulary is inevitably transformed following the changes in the domestic and foreign policy of the country. This evolutionary process brings neologisms, some of which are firmly fixed in the language. This article is an attempt to evaluate the influence of the historical context on the evolution of the socio-political vocabulary of the Italian language through the examination of a number of its key features which reflect certain milestones of the country’s development and history. It considers the most vivid and widely used political terms, which are products of the linguistic creativity of statesmen in various periods of Italian history since the emergence of the single state in 1861 to the present day. The paper analyzes the factors that had a direct impact on the formation of these lexical units and the connection between personal characteristics of certain Italian politicians with their choice of terms intended to appeal both to their supporters and opponents. The article describes some aspects of the transformation process of the political language into popular language designed to ensure effective communication with the electorate.
Discussion on writing systems in different languages
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: September 2023

Following the tradition of the previous special issues of Linguistics & Polyglot Studies, in the present one, articles are supplemented by a round table discussion (by way of a written exchange of ideas, as in 2022). This time it addresses the topic of writing systems. Our esteemed experts are:

Minoru Ohtsuki, PhD, Professor at the Faculty of Foreign Languages, Daito Bunka University (Tokyo, Japan);

Olga V. Popova, PhD, Senior Researcher at the Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow, Russia);

Osvaldo Alexis Zúñiga Elizalde, Lecturer in Nahuatl at the Meritorious Autonomous University of Puebla (Cholula, Mexico).

Publishing the results of this discussion, the editors hope that it will attract more public and research attention to the productive topic of writing and reading practices in different languages and cultures.
Key growth drivers for the People's Republic of China
Authors: DONG Zhao , VELIKOROSSOV Vladimir V. , FILIN Sergei A.
Published: September 2023

Subject. We investigate the key factors in the development of the national economy of the People's Republic of China (PRC).
Objectives. The aim is to identify the most important factors that ensure the GDP growth of the PRC.
Methods. The study rests on the general-methodological and system-information approach and applies methods of systems, comparative, structural, and logical analysis. The scientific novelty is the determination of the most important factors for ensuring the GDP growth of the People's Republic of China, among which export is the most important one.
Results. We unveiled the main factors influencing the GDP growth, constructed a regression model that explains the economic growth of PRC by the variation of three the most important factors, i.e. gross investment, exports, and monetary (inflation). The study analyzed the trade balance of PRC and its dependence on the markets of other States, assessed the country export structure, and the need for reorientation of exports from U.S. markets to other markets, in particular, the countries of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.
Conclusions. The increase in China's exports will indicate that the country's foreign trade policy has sufficient flexibility and room for maneuver, and its foreign trade ensures economic growth through national production and international cooperation. At the same time, China has the ability to stabilize foreign trade, ensure global supply chains, and contribute to the promotion of global economic growth and economic globalization.
Türk Cumhuriyetlerinde Sektörel İstihdam Oranları İle Büyüme İlişkisi
Authors: BASKAK Tuba Esra
Published: September 2023

Her ülkenin temel hedefleri arasında yer alan ekonomik büyümenin gerçekleştirilmesinde işgücü, araç değişken olarak kullanılmaktadır. İşgücü piyasasını etkilemek, işsizliği azaltmak ve istihdamı arttırmak ile mümkün olmaktadır. Çünkü azalan işsizlik istihdamı arttırmakta, artan istihdam da işsizliği azaltmaktadır. Ülkelerin jeopolitik, ekonomik ve sosyal konumundan dolayı farklı sektörler üzerinde yoğunlaşması istihdamda sektörel farklılıkları ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Bu çalışmada 1991 yılında bağımsızlıklarını ilan eden Türk Cumhuriyetlerinin sektörel istihdam oranlarının ülke ekonomilerine etkisi incelenmiştir. 1991 ile 2019 yıllarını kapsayan çalışmada Gayri Safi Yurtiçi Hasıla, tarım, sanayi ve hizmet sektörü istihdam oranları değişkenleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada Swamy S homojenlik ve Breusch-Pagan LM yatay kesit bağımlılığı testleri sonucu Çok Değişkenli Genişletilmiş Dickey Fuller-Multivariate Augmented Dickey Fuller birim kök testi ile Dumitrescu-Hurlin nedensellik testinin yapılmasına karar verilmiştir. Modelin seçimi için birim ve zaman etkilerinin tespitinden sonra Hausman testi yapılmış ve seçilen modelde otokorelasyon ve değişen varyans problemleri incelenmiştir. Bu problemlerin çözülmesinin akabinde robust düzeltme tahmincisi kullanılmıştır. Ardından Dumitrescu ve Hurlin nedensellik testi yapılmış ve bu testin sonucunda Gayri Safi Yurtiçi Hasıladan tarım, sanayi ve hizmette istihdama doğru; tarım ve sanayide istihdamdan Gayri Safi Yurtiçi Hasılaya doğru nedensellik ilişkisi olduğu görülmüştür.