bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Divided-aperture confocal Brillouin microscopy for simultaneous high-precision topographic and mechanical mapping
Authors: Wu Hanxu , Zhao Weiqian , Su Yunhao , Qiu Lirong , Wang Yun , Ni He
Published: September 2020

Confocal Brillouin microscopy (CBM) is a novel and powerful technique for providing non-contact and direct readout of the micro-mechanical properties of a material, and thus used in a broad range of applications, including biological tissue detection, cell imaging, and material characterization in manufacturing. However, conventional CBMs have not enabled high precision mechanical mapping owing to the limited depth of focus and are subject to system drift during long-term measurements. In this paper, a divided-aperture confocal Brillouin microscopy (DCBM) is proposed to improve the axial focusing capability, stability, and extinction ratio of CBM. We exploit high-sensitivity divided-aperture confocal technology to achieve an unprecedented 100-fold enhancement in the axial focusing sensitivity of the existing CBMs, reaching 5 nm, and to enhance system stability. In addition, the dark-field setup improves the extinction ratio by 20 dB. To the best of our knowledge, our method achieves the first in situ topographic imaging and mechanical mapping of the sample and provides a new approach for Brillouin scattering applications in material characterization.
Sub-ppb detection of benzene using cantilever-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy with a long-wavelength infrared quantum cascade laser
Authors: Karhu Juho , Philip Hadrien , Baranov Alexei , Teissier Roland , Hieta Tuomas
Published: September 2020

We report a novel, to the best of our knowledge, photoacoustic spectrometer for trace gas sensing of benzene. A quantum cascade laser emitting at the wavelength 14.8 µm is used as the light source in the spectroscopic detection. This wavelength region contains the strongest vibrational band of benzene, which is free of spectral overlap from common trace gases, making it a strong candidate for sensitive benzene detection. Cantilever-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy is used for detection. This simple and robust measurement setup can reach a benzene detection limit below 1 ppb.
Visto de Coimbra, O Colégio de Jesus entre Portugal e o Mundo
Authors: Simões Carlota , Miranda Margarida , Casaleiro Pedro
Published: September 2020

Este livro resulta em grande parte das contribuições para o Colóquio 'VISTO DE COIMBRA - O Colégio de Jesus entre Portugal e o Mundo' que decorreu na Universidade de Coimbra em Maio de 2017 e culminou com a exposição homónima no Museu da Ciência da UC em Setembro do mesmo ano, mas também do ciclo 'Cultura Ciência Culto' que teve lugar durante todo o ano de 2016. Deste ciclo fizeram parte duas exposições documentais ('Cultura, Ciência e Culto' no Arquivo da Universidade de Coimbra e 'A Conimbriga Vrbe Ad Orbem - De Coimbra para o Mundo' na Biblioteca Joanina), além de várias palestras e apresentações de livros. Na capa reproduz-se uma gravura da Lua feita por Cristovão Borri (Collecta Astronomica, 1631), muito provavelmente o mais antigo documento gráfico de uma observação astronómica feita em Portugal e que teve lugar na cidade de Coimbra. Sobre a figura pode ler-se ‘em Coimbra, a exata face da Lua crescente, com idade de seis dias, vista por um tubo ótico em julho de 1627’.
Abecedario del examen vestibuloespinal. Revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Carmona Sergio , Zalazar Guillermo , Dachesky Irina
Published: September 2020

Introducción y objetivo: Durante las largas cuarentenas impuestas en el mundo por la pandemia de COVID-19 los médicos hemos empezado a usar con mayor asiduidad la modalidad de consulta virtual. La neurootología no ha sido una excepción en este contexto y usando el mecanismo de las videollamadas hemos podido dar atención y contención a un buen número de pacientes durante este período. Por esta razón y basados en la experiencia singular de este periodo, hemos diseñado un examen sistemático, basado en pruebas vestíbulo-espinales simples y presentadas en forma nemotécnica (abecedario). Sobre la base de nuestra experiencia y con una revisión de la literatura se intenta demostrar la etiología y topografía vestibular de los hallazgos. Método: Revisión narrativa. Para la búsqueda de la bibliografía se utilizó la metodología de revisión sistemática de documentos en metabuscadores y bases de datos. Periodo analizado del 2001 al 2019, en diversas revistas científicas. Resultados: El examen se dividió en cuatro pasos de acuerdo con las cuatro primeras letras del alfabeto: Ataxia (gradación), Bárány (desviación de los índices), Cefálico (tilt o inclinación cefálica de la cabeza en relación con el tronco) y Desviación (desviación oblicua de los ojos Test de skew). Discusión: Se plantea el uso de la mnemotecnia abecedario para ordenar el examen vestíbulo espinal en los pacientes con afección del sistema vestibular, de manera simple y práctica, permitiendo la modalidad virtual. Conclusiones: Este sencillo abecedario vestíbulo-espinal permite, asociado a un interrogatorio exhaustivo, realizar un examen vestibular eficaz por medios virtuales, separar eficazmente lesiones centrales de periféricas en cuadros vestibulares agudos con alta sensibilidad y especificidad y finalmente hacer un topodiagnóstico del lado de lesión vestibular.
Complexes of Pyrimidine Thiones: Mechanochemical Synthesis and Biological Evaluation
Authors: Sethi Pooja , Khare Rajshree , Choudhary Renuka
Published: September 2020

A new series of metal complexes with 1-(2-methylphenyl)-4,4,6-trimethyl pyrimidine-2-thione (2-HL1)
and 1-(4-methylphenyl)-4,4,6-trimethyl pyrimidine-2-thione (4-HL2) ligands, [M(mppt)2(H2O)n]
(M(II) = Cu, Mn, Co; n = 2 and M(II) = Ni, Zn; n = 0) have been synthesized using mechanochemical
protocol. The complexes have been framed as [M(mppt)2(H2O)n] due to 1:2 (metal:ligand) nature of
these metal complexs. Structures have been further confirmed on the basis of elemental analysis,
Magnetic susceptibility measurements, electronic, infrared, far infrared, proton NMR, Mass spectral
moment and thermogravimetric analysis studies. The infrared spectral data suggested that ligand behaves
as a bidentate, coordinating through – N (endocyclic) and – S (exocyclic) donor atoms. All the
compounds have also been screened for antibacterial and DNA photocleavage potential. Ligands
complexed with Mn and Ni metals have shown the effect of substitution on their biological potentials.
It was found that substitution at 4th or para position makes the ligand and its metal complexes have
better antibacterial and DNA photocleaving agents.
An Efficient Synthesis of Thiophene Conjugated Benzothiazepines:
in vitro Screening for their Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Raghavendra K.R. , Sudeep P. , Kumar K. Ajay , Jayadevappa H.P.
Published: September 2020

A series of novel thiophene conjugated benzothiazepines were synthesized by the reaction of chalcones
with 2-aminobenzenethiol in citrus juice medium. The new compounds were characterized by
spectroscopic studies. Results of in vitro antimicrobial evaluation of newly synthesized compounds
5a-j shows that the compounds 5a and 5c have excellent antimicrobial inhibition in the range of 12.5-25.0
μg/mL against bacteria S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa and fungi A. niger, A. flavus organisms
comparable to ciprofloxacin and nystatin and therefore these compounds might acts as lead molecules
as antimicrobial agents.
Analysis of Fuzzy Logic Modification for Student Assessment in e-Learning
Authors: Wardoyo Retantyo , Yuniarti Wenty Dwi
Published: September 2020

The phenomenon of the rapid transfer of learning to online systems, such as e-Learning, has occurred massively. Institutions must ensure that student assessments run well. The characteristics of learning in e-Learning require an appropriate assessment method. The fuzzy logic method can be an option. Research shows that fuzzy logic is capable of providing flexible and objective performance evaluation. Fuzzy logic is a method that can overcome the uncertainty of transparency and objectivity of student assessments. In general, fuzzy logic applications are carried out by standards. Modification is an attempt to reveal the flexibility and to optimize the use of fuzzy logic. This study presents an analysis of fuzzy logic modification for the assessment of Algorithm and Data Structures courses held in e-Learning. These modifications include (i) modification of the parameter score with score compatibility, (ii) consequent modification of the fuzzy rules and (iii) modification of the implication process. The study results show that although the use of fuzzy logic requires more complicated procedures and tools, it can present various kinds of assessment as an option for educators to assess students in e-Learning.
Because the Night Belongs to Us
Authors: Nofre Jordi
Published: September 2020

Ce texte est un épilogue à ce numéro spécial, où les sujets abordés par les différents contributeurs sont d’un grand intérêt scientifique pour une compréhension plus approfondie de la nuit urbaine dans le Nord et le Sud globaux. Comme nous le verrons plus loin, ce numéro spécial nous permet de confirmer deux questions fondamentales pour le développement des « études nocturnes » durant les prochaines années. Premièrement, la nuit exacerbe souvent les inégalités, non seulement dans le monde occidental, mais aussi dans les villes non occidentales. Deuxièmement, la nuit reste un terrain sous-exploré. Par conséquent, le chemin reste encore long à parcourir.
Active nonlocal metasurfaces
Authors: Malek Stephanie C. , Overvig Adam C. , Shrestha Sajan , Yu Nanfang
Published: September 2020

Actively tunable and reconfigurable wavefront shaping by optical metasurfaces poses a significant technical challenge often requiring unconventional materials engineering and nanofabrication. Most wavefront-shaping metasurfaces can be considered “local” in that their operation depends on the responses of individual meta-units. In contrast, “nonlocal” metasurfaces function based on the modes supported by many adjacent meta-units, resulting in sharp spectral features but typically no spatial control of the outgoing wavefront. Recently, nonlocal metasurfaces based on quasi-bound states in the continuum have been shown to produce designer wavefronts only across the narrow bandwidth of the supported Fano resonance. Here, we leverage the enhanced light-matter interactions associated with sharp Fano resonances to explore the active modulation of optical spectra and wavefronts by refractive-index tuning and mechanical stretching. We experimentally demonstrate proof-of-principle thermo-optically tuned nonlocal metasurfaces made of silicon and numerically demonstrate nonlocal metasurfaces that thermo-optically switch between distinct wavefront shapes. This meta-optics platform for thermally reconfigurable wavefront shaping requires neither unusual materials and fabrication nor active control of individual meta-units.
Asymmetric photoelectric effect: Auger-assisted hot hole photocurrents in transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Sushko Andrey , De Greve Kristiaan , Phillips Madeleine , Urbaszek Bernhard , Joe Andrew Y. , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Efros Alexander L. , Hellberg C. Stephen , Park Hongkun , Kim Philip , Lukin Mikhail D.
Published: September 2020

Transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) semiconductor heterostructures are actively explored as a new platform for quantum optoelectronic systems. Most state of the art devices make use of insulating hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) that acts as a wide-bandgap dielectric encapsulating layer that also provides an atomically smooth and clean interface that is paramount for proper device operation. We report the observation of large, through-hBN photocurrents that are generated upon optical excitation of hBN encapsulated MoSe2 and WSe2 monolayer devices. We attribute these effects to Auger recombination in the TMDs, in combination with an asymmetric band offset between the TMD and the hBN. We present experimental investigation of these effects and compare our observations with detailed, ab-initio modeling. Our observations have important implications for the design of optoelectronic devices based on encapsulated TMD devices. In systems where precise charge-state control is desired, the out-of-plane current path presents both a challenge and an opportunity for optical doping control. Since the current directly depends on Auger recombination, it can act as a local, direct probe of both the efficiency of the Auger process as well as its dependence on the local density of states in integrated devices.
Fertigstellung des Europäischen Hauses 2025
Authors: Beermann Johannes , Menk Michael Torben , Neitzert Florian
Published: September 2020

Das dauerhafte Bestehen der Europäischen Wirtschafts- und Währungsunion setzt Stabilität im Euroraum voraus. Wenngleich in den vergangenen Jahren Fortschritte erzielt wurden, sind weitere institutionelle Reformen der Architektur des Währungsverbundes erforderlich. Der von den fünf Präsidenten der großen EU-Institutionen 2015 veröffentlichte Bericht stellt mit der beabsichtigten Schaffung des Europäischen Hauses bis 2025 weitreichende Integrationsschritte zur Diskussion. Johannes Beermann, Michael Torben Menk und Florian Neitzert skizzieren das geplante Vorhaben im Detail und arbeiten insbesondere die Herausforderungen der Zusammenführung von Banken- und Kapitalmarktunion zu einer Finanzunion heraus.
ENDÜSTRİ 4.0 ÇERÇEVESİNDE FİRMALARIN ORGANİZASYON YAPILARININ İNSAN KAYNAKLARI ROLLERİNE ETKİSİ
Authors: ERGÜN Ercan , ŞEN Erdal , İRİ Osman
Published: September 2020

Almanya’nın 2011 yılında bir proje olarak Dördüncü Sanayi Devrimi biçiminde tanımladığı Endüstri 4.0 kavramı, bugünün dünyasında ürün üretimi ve hizmet sunumunda kullanılan tüm dijital teknolojileri kapsamaktadır. Başta üretim sistem, teknik ve süreçlerini tamamiyle değiştiren ve tüm dünyadaki ülkelerin farklı aşamalarla geçiş sağlamaya çalıştığı Endüstri 4.0, birçok teknolojik yenilikle birlikte birçok avantajı beraberinde getirmektedir. Tüm bu değişim, dönüşüm ve gelişmeler sadece teknoloji değil aynı zamanda kültürel değişimi de ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Ülkelerin gelişmişlik düzeyleri sıralamasında başat yeri ve önemi olan bu kavramın etkin, etkili ve verimli olarak uygulanması gerekliliği gün geçtikçe daha çok öne çıkmaktadır. Bu nedenle Endüstri 4.0’a ayak uydurmak, bu konuda devlet politikalarının geliştirilmesi, üniversitelerde, kamuda, özel sektörde ve sivil toplum kuruluşlarında farkındalığın artırılması ve yeni nesil üretim modellerinin özendirilmesi önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı firmaların organizasyon yapısı ve insan kaynakları yapı ve uygulamalarını Endüstri 4.0 bağlamında incelenmektir. Bu değerlendirme kapsamında gerçekleştirilen literatür taramasında Endüstri 4.0 kavramı, organizasyon yapısı değişkeni ve insan kaynakları rolleri değişkeni bağlamında kavramsal altyapı açıklanmıştır. Bununla birlikte, bu değişkenler ile oluşturulan araştırma modeli firmalar üzerinde gerçekleştirilen uygulama ile ölçümlenmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemini, otomotiv sektöründe, İstanbul ve Kocaeli bölgesinde faaliyet gösteren, Endüstri 4.0 kriterlerine uygun özelliklere sahip dört farklı menşeili firmada çalışan 147 personelden oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmaya katılan farklı firmaların menşei ve örgüt yapıları arasındaki ilişki de incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda Endüstri 4.0 uygulayan firmalarda organik örgüt yapılarının yanı sıra merkezi yapıların da insan kaynakları rollerine pozitif etkilerinin olduğu görülmüştür. Bununla birlikte merkezi yapıya sahip örgütlerde, insan kaynakları rollerinden, stratejik ortak rolü, idari uzman rolüne pozitif ve çalışan şampiyonu rolüne negatif anlamlı etkisi olduğu ve mekanik/bürokratik yapıya sahip örgütlerde, insan kaynakları rollerinden çalışan şampiyonu rolünün negatif anlamlı etkisi tespit edilmiştir.
HASTALARIN SAĞLIK KURULUŞU TERCİHLERİNDE MARKA İMAJININ ETKİSİ
Authors: ZOR Mustafa Gökhan , BİÇER Derya Fatma
Published: September 2020

Sağlık kurumlarında kurumsal imaj ile hizmet kalitesi arasında çok yakın ilişkilerin bulunduğu ve bu iki kavramın içi içe geçtiği savunulmaktadır. Sağlık kurumunun iyi ve başarılı bir imajı olması hastalar açısından önemli bir tercih nedeni olarak görülmektedir. Bütün işletmeler pazarlama süreçlerinde geri dönüş sağlanmasını amaçlayan kanalları tercih etmektedirler. Tüketicinin zihninde bir marka olmak ve olumlu marka imajı oluşturmak; o markanın bütün özelliklerini en iyi şekilde tanımlayacak akılcı ve bir bütün olarak iyi organize edilmiş, halkla ilişkiler ve etkili iletişim yöntemleriyle mümkündür. İşletmeler, ortaya koydukları hizmet çeşitliliği, hizmet sunum kalitesi, müşteri ile iletişimin mesaj içeriği, yetkin personel, teknik ekipman ve memnun edilmiş müşteriler gibi birçok etkenle bunu başarabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada sağlık hizmeti sunan işletmelerde marka imajının algılanan hizmet kalitesi, hasta memnuniyeti ve hastaların sağlık kuruluşu tercihleri (bağlılık) üzerine etkilerini değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır.  Araştırmanın evrenini Sivas ili merkezde bulunan Sivas Numune Hastanesine sağlık hizmeti almak için gelen hastalar oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada tercih edilen anket yöntemi yüz yüze görüşme tekniğidir. Anket 430 hastaya uygulanmıştır. Veriler tatmin düzeylerini ölçmede kullanılan değişkenlere ilişkin tanımlayıcı istatistiksel metotlarla birlikte, Güvenilirlik Analizi, Faktör Analizi, Korelasyon Analizi, Bağımsız Örneklem t-Testi, Tamhane’s Testi, Scheffe Testi ve Tek Yönlü ANOVA ile değerlendirmeye gidilerek analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulardan hastaların algıladıkları hizmet kalitesi ve hastaneyi yeniden tercih etme (bağlılık) niyetleri üzerinde marka imajının etkili olduğunu söylemek mümkündür
Metastatic insulinoma presenting 14 years after benign tumour resection: a rare case and management dilemma
Authors: Keen F , Iqbal F , Owen P , Christian A , Kumar N , Kalhan A
Published: September 2020

We present a 60-year-old woman who underwent successful surgical resection (partial pancreatectomy) for a low grade non-functioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour (pNET), with no biochemical or radiological features of recurrence on follow-up visits for 5 years. Fourteen years after the initial surgery, she developed spontaneous severe hypoglycaemic episodes which required hospitalisation, with subsequent investigations confirming the diagnosis of a metastatic insulin-secreting pNET (insulinoma). Medical management of her severe spontaneous hypoglycaemic episodes remained challenging, despite optimum use of diazoxide and somatostatin analogue therapy. Based on a discussion at the regional neuroendocrine tumour multidisciplinary team meeting, she underwent an elective hepatic trans-arterial embolization which was unfortunately unsuccessful. She ended up requiring an emergency right hemihepatectomy and left retroperitoneal mass resection which finally stabilised her clinical condition.

Learning points:

Ours is only the seventh case report of a previously benign pNET presenting as a functional insulin secreting metastatic tumour. However, it is the first case report, in which the metastatic functional pNET presented after such a long hiatus (14 years).

There is currently no clear consensus regarding the length of follow-up of non-functional pNET which are deemed cured post-surgical resection, with most guidelines advocating a median follow up of 5 years (1). The delayed presentation in our case suggests additional considerations should be made regarding optimal post-operative surveillance duration based on the age of the patient, location of the tumour, lymph node spread and Ki-67 index.

Hepatic artery embolization and/or partial hepatectomy remains a treatment option for pNET patients with significant hepatic metastasis.
A novel CASR variant in a family with familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia and primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Sagi Satyanarayana V , Joshi Hareesh , Trotman Jamie , Elsey Terence , Swamy Ashwini , Rajkanna Jeyanthy , Bhat Nazir A , Haddadin Firas J S , Oyibo Samson O , Park Soo-Mi
Published: September 2020

Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia (FHH) is a dominantly inherited, lifelong benign disorder characterised by asymptomatic hypercalcaemia, relative hypocalciuria and variable parathyroid hormone levels. It is caused by loss-of-function pathogenic variants in the calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) gene. Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is characterised by variable hypercalcaemia in the context of non-suppressed parathyroid hormone levels. Unlike patients with FHH, patients with severe hypercalcaemia due to PHPT are usually symptomatic and are at risk of end-organ damage affecting the kidneys, bone, heart, gastrointestinal system and CNS. Surgical resection of the offending parathyroid gland(s) is the treatment of choice for PHPT, while dietary adjustment and reassurance is the mainstay of management for patients with FHH. The occurrence of both FHH and primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in the same patient has been described. We report an interesting case of FHH due to a novel CASR variant confirmed in a mother and her two daughters and the possible coexistence of FHH and PHPT in the mother, highlighting the challenges involved in diagnosis and management.

Learning points:

Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia (FHH) and primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) can coexist in the same patient.

Urinary calcium creatinine clearance ratio can play a role in distinguishing between PHPT and FHH.

Genetic testing should be considered in managing patients with PHPT and FHH where the benefit may extend to the wider family.

Family segregation studies can play an important role in the reclassification of variants of uncertain significance.

Parathyroidectomy has no benefit in patients with FHH and therefore, it is important to exclude FHH prior to considering surgery.

For patients with coexisting FHH and PHPT, parathyroidectomy will reduce the risk of complications from the severe hypercalcaemia associated with PHPT.
Pheochromocytoma crisis with cyclic fluctuation in blood pressure mimics acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Kometani Mitsuhiro , Yoneda Takashi , Maeda Yuji , Oe Masashi , Takeda Yoshimichi , Higashitani Takuya , Aono Daisuke , Yoshino Asuka , Karashima Shigehiro , Takeda Yoshiyu
Published: September 2020

Pheochromocytoma crisis results from the sudden release of large quantities of catecholamines and leads to progressive multiple organ dysfunction. Here we report a case of pheochromocytoma crisis with symptoms associated with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and severe fluctuations in blood pressure (BP). A 43-year-old Japanese man with hypertension (240/120 mmHg) visited a general hospital for chest pain. Echocardiogram showed ST segment depression and blood test demonstrated elevated troponin T. However, emergent coronary angiography revealed normal findings. CT showed a large adrenal mass on the left side, which was suspected as the cause of chest pain and BP elevation. After the patient was transported to our hospital, his BP was found to oscillate between 70 and 240 mmHg, and level of consciousness was decreased. After hospitalization, he had a further decrease in consciousness, a rise in body temperature, and a gradual increase in the interval between the upper and lower systolic BP. His systolic BP varied between 30 mmHg and 300 mmHg at the intervals of 20-30 min. After a multimodality therapy, including α-blocker and high dose fluid replacement, the fluctuation in his BP was gradually decreased and got stabilized after approximately 24 h. Approximately 3 weeks later, he underwent left adrenalectomy. This case showed that pheochromocytoma with internal necrosis might be misdiagnosed as ACS. Furthermore, in cases with a large adrenal tumor and severe elevation or fluctuations of BP, pheochromocytoma should be suspected and treated with α-blockers and fluid replacements as soon as possible prior to surgery.

Learning points:

High catecholamine levels due to pheochromocytoma crisis might cause symptoms associated with acute coronary syndrome.

Adrenal tumor with internal necrosis and the elevation or fluctuations of blood pressure should be suspected to be pheochromocytoma.

If pheochromocytoma crisis is suspected, the specialist, such as an endocrinologist or a urologist, should intervene, and an α-blocker treatment with adequate fluid replacement therapy should be initiated as soon as possible.

Pheochromocytoma multisystem crisis (PMC) is a fatal condition characterized by multiple organ failure, severe blood pressure variability, high fever, and encephalopathy. This is an extremely rare subtype of a very rare disease such as pheochromocytoma. However, because the fatality rate of PMC is high, clinicians should be aware of the symptoms that mark its onset.
Aldosterone- and cortisol-cosecreting adrenal adenoma, ovarian hyperthecosis and breast cancer
Authors: J Orrego John , A Chorny Joseph
Published: September 2020

We describe a 56-year-old postmenopausal woman with hypertension, hypokalemia and severe alopecia who was found to have a 4.5-cm lipid-poor left adrenal mass on CT scan performed to evaluate her chronic right-sided abdominal pain. Hormonal studies revealed unequivocal evidence of primary aldosteronism and subclinical hypercortisolemia of adrenal origin. Although a laparoscopic left adrenalectomy rendered her normotensive, normokalemic and adrenal insufficient for 2.5 years, her alopecia did not improve and she later presented with facial hyperpigmentation acne, worsening hirsutism, clitoromegaly, and an estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Further testing demonstrated markedly elevated serum androstenedione and total and free testosterone and persistently undetectable DHEAS levels. As biochemical and radiologic studies ruled out primary adrenal malignancy and obvious ovarian neoplasms, a bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was undertaken, which revealed bilateral ovarian hyperthecosis. This case highlights how the clinical manifestations associated with hyperaldosteronism and hypercortisolemia masqueraded the hyperandrogenic findings. It was only when her severe alopecia failed to improve after the resolution of hypercortisolism, hyperandrogenic manifestations worsened despite adrenal insufficiency and an estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer was found, did it becomes apparent that her symptoms were due to ovarian hyperthecosis.

Learning points:

As cortisol cosecretion appears to be highly prevalent in patients with primary aldosteronism, the term ‘Connshing’ syndrome has been suggested.

The associated subclinical hypercortisolemia could be the driver for the increased metabolic alterations seen in patients with Conn syndrome.

The identification of these dual secretors before adrenal venous sampling could alert the clinician about possible equivocal test results.

The identification of these dual secretors before unilateral adrenalectomy could avoid unexpected postoperative adrenal crises.

Hyperfunctioning adrenal and ovarian lesions can coexist, and the clinical manifestations associated with hypercortisolemia can masquerade the hyperandrogenic findings.
¿Restringen los colegios de periodistas el derecho a la libertad de expresión?
Authors: Barrantes Calderón Victor J.
Published: September 2020

In this essay, we will discuss whether journalists' associations in certain Latin American countries restrict the individual's right to freedom of expression.
Characterization of lipophilic wood extractives from clones of Eucalyptus urograndis cultivate in Brazil
Authors: Silverio Flaviano O. , Barbosa Luiz C. A. , Maltha Celia R. A. , Silvestre Armando J. D. , Pilo-Veloso Dorila , Gomide Jose L.
Published: September 2020

The chemical compositions of the lipophilic extractives from four clones of Eucalyptus urograndis cultivated in Brazil were studied by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) before and after alkaline hydrolysis. The four E. urograndis clones showed similar amounts of dichloromethane soluble (lipophilic) extractives (0.38-0.55% w/w). The major groups of compounds identified in the lipophilic fraction of extractives consisted mainly of fatty acids (mainly palmitic linoleic and oleic acids and small amounts of a- and w-hydroxyacids), steroids (mainly b-sitosterol, b-sitostanol), followed by minor amounts long chain aliphatic alcohols, hydrocarbons and aromatic compounds. The relative abundances of these groups were similar for three of the clones with exception of the clone Ugc, which was shown to have much higher amounts of fatty acids and sterols. The high amounts of extractives found in these clones, and particularly of Ugc, when compared with other Eucalyptus species, suggests an increased risk of pitch formation during bleached pulp production.
Dynamics of “Self-Image” of Preschool Children (2004 and 2017: A Comparative Analysis)
Authors: Fedina Lyudmila V.
Published: September 2020

Introduction. Impetuous changes provoke a research into structural and substantive changes in modern childhood. Presentation of modern preschoolers differs from what their peers thought 10 and 20 years ago. It is necessary to determine the basis of preschool children’s self-image and to identify those specifications that remain unchanged and those that demonstrate significant changes. This will help to understand the fundamentals of building an internal image of a modern preschooler, highlight changes in its structure, and predict effective ways to accompany the development of a preschooler’s personality. Aim of the research: study the content components of the “self-image” of preschoolers, identify and describe the main dynamic trends in the self-image of preschoolers over the course of 13 years.
Materials and Methods. The study of meaningful changes in the preschoolers’ ideas about themselves was organized using an interview. 211 preschoolers aged between 5 and 7 years old were interviewed. The study used the methods of cross-sections, the Kuhn-McPartland test modified by T. V. Rumyantseva, the method of studying the “self-image” by G. A. Uruntaeva and E. N. Gosheva, methods of mathematical statistics in the SPSS program.
Results. The reflexive ego and the communicative ego are determined in the structure of the identification indicators of the self-image of the older preschooler as the stable characteristics. The dynamic tendencies are highlighted: modern preschoolers, in comparison with their peers in 2004, demonstrate more freedom and diversity in describing the identification characteristics of their physical ego and activity ego, at the same time they lose focus on relationships in the context of “me-others” (“social ego”). A comparative analysis made it possible to identify the zone of development of the self-image of modern preschoolers and the basis for the reconstruction of forms and methods of teaching and upb ringing.
Discussion and Conclusion. The results of the research are important for the psychology of modern childhood. They clarify and supplement the description of the age-related characteristics of the development of self-awareness of modern preschoolers. The study allows us to place significant accents in the development of educational programs for preschool children in practice.
Participation of the Population of a Region in the Implementation of the National Projects: Retrospect and Prospect
Authors: Kranzeeva Elena A. , Orlova Anna V. , Nyatina Natalia V. , Grigorik Nikita N.
Published: September 2020

Introduction. Russia’s National Projects focus on integrated interagency interactions between state and public participants. They accumulate various areas of social and political development of the territory. Mainstreaming the participation of the population in achieving the goals set consolidates and adjusts the vectors of change set by the National Projects. The purpose of the paper is to present a comprehensive analysis of the participation of the population in the implementation of the National Projects in a region on the basis of the study conducted, taking into account the characteristic features of the territory and the relevant forms of participation of local communities in accomplishing the stated tasks.

Materials and Methods. The results of the “Kuzbass-Politics” monitoring initiative studies conducted in 2006 and 2018 were used as the materials for the analysis of this topic as well as the data of sociological surveys and reports on the implementation of the National Projects in Russia in 2019. To substantiate the implementation of the National Projects in the region, the method of systemic, structural and functional analysis was used.

Results. The participation of the population in the implementation of the National Projects in a region has been analyzed using the example of the Kemerovo Region. The authors have studied the existing experience of implementation of the National Projects in 2005–2007 and compared it with that of the current stage (2019–2024). The materials of the secondary analysis have shown that the content of the new National Projects is in line with the needs of the population in matters of improving their living arrangements; however, many people are distanced from the National Projects, which is expressed in the lack of awareness and limited participation. The authors point out that the implementation of the National Projects in a region can be carried out in a consolidated manner or have multidirectional vectors of application of the activity and resource potentials of the population.

Discussion and Conclusion. The interaction between the authorities and the population is a dialogue in which the interests of the parties are reconciled in order to achieve a common goal. The lack of taking into account the active role of the population in the implementation of socially significant results affects the quality of the development and the conditions for the implementation of the National Projects. The results of the study can contribute to the development of regional programs and activities aimed at increasing people’s participation in the implementation of the National Projects.
Evaluation of Technical Condition of Round Gear Hydraulic Pumps of Tractor Mounted Hydraulic Systems
Authors: Chumakov Pavel V. , Martynov Alexei V. , Kolomeychenko Alexander V. , Hasan Ismail H. , Kolomeychenko Alla S.
Published: September 2020

Introduction. In the technical service enterprises, the reliable estimation of a technical condition of hydraulic gear pumps of tractor mounted hydraulic systems is a priority in introducing new repair processes. The absence of data of manufacturing plants on limiting wear of working surfaces of hydraulic pump details, when the decision on repair is taken, leads to the necessity of carrying out additional researches. In this regard, the purpose of work is to find the limit wear values for working surfaces of details of round gear hydraulic pumps. Materials and Methods. The laboratory tests of used round gear hydraulic pumps were carried out according to the method developed in the GOSNITI on the hydraulic bench of the KI-28097M-GOSNITI. The controlled parameter during tests is the pump delivery rate. Results. The results of laboratory bench and micrometer studies of used round gear hydraulic pumps are presented in the work. The mathematical model of pump delivery rate dependence on statistically significant independent factors is obtained. The limit values for wear of working surfaces of round gear hydraulic pump details are determined by the steepest ascent method on the received mathematical model. Discussion and Conclusion. According to the results of the input bench control of the used round gear pumps, 81% of the tested units were operated in the over-extreme limit state. The limit values for wear of working surfaces of round gear hydraulic pump details obtained by the steepest ascent method make it possible to make a conclusion about the necessity of their restoration in repairing at technical service enterprises.
Strategi Kelompok Bimbingan Ibadah haji (KBIH) Maqdis Dalam Meningkatkan Pelayanan Prima Terhadap Calon Jamaah Haji Tahun 2017
Authors: Oktaviaini Nuning Oktaviaini , Rahman Arif , Herman Herman
Published: September 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui strategi KBIH dalam meningkatkan pelayanan prima berupa kebutuhan pelanggan atau jamaah secara praktis maupun kebutuhan para pelanggan atau jamaah secara emosional dan proses dari pemberian pelayanan yang ada di KBIH Maqdis dalam hal meningkatkan pelayanan prima terhadap calon jamaah. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Adapun langkah-langkah penelitian ditempuh dengan: penentuan lokasi penelitian, pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan tehnik observasi, wawancara, studi kepustakaan, dan dokumentasi selanjutnya analisis data dengan cara reduksi data kemudian klasifikasi data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa strategi KBIH Maqdis dalam Meningkatkan pelayanan prima cukup baik karena hal ini dapat dilihat dari kebutuhan secara praktis yang diberikan KBIH Maqdis kepada calon jamaah haji. Pihak KBIH Maqdis memberikan pelayanan yang baik dari segi pelayanannya pembimbing, pengurus maupun ketuanya. Karena dengan upaya memberikan pelayanan yang baik diharapkan jamaah haji merasa puas sehingga dapat memberitahu kepada orang lain tentang kualitas pelayanan yang diberikan pihak KBIH Maqdis terhadap jamaah. Proses pelaksanaan pemberian pelayanan pun dapat terlihat baik yakni dilihat dari pemberian pelayanan prima yang ada di KBIH Maqdis Kota Bandung.

The purpose of this study is to determine the KBIH strategy in improving prime service in the form of customer needs or practical pilgrims as well as the needs of customers or pilgrims emotionally and the process of providing services in KBIH Maqdis in terms of improving excellent service for prospective pilgrims. The method used in this study is descriptive method using a qualitative approach. The research steps are taken by: determining the location of research, collecting data using observation techniques, interviews, literature studies, and documentation then analyzing data by means of data reduction then data classification and drawing conclusions. From the results of the study it can be concluded that the KBIH Maqdis strategy in improving excellent service is quite good because this can be seen from the practical needs given by KBIH Maqdis to prospective pilgrims. The KBIH Maqdis party provides good service in terms of its service, supervisor, management and chairman. Because the effort to provide good service is expected that pilgrims feel satisfied so that they can tell others about the quality of services provided by KBIH Maqdis to worshipers. The process of implementing service delivery can also look good, that is seen from the provision of excellent service in KBIH Maqdis, Bandung.
Fast and Slow
Authors: Beit-Hallahmi Benjamin
Published: September 2020

Are there any methodological issues unique to the psychology of religion? The claim has been made that the psychology of religion was decisively hampered by its inability to conduct true experiments. Looking at the past half-century, it is shown that there are no limits on experimentation in the field, and that both interesting theories and original experiments have been mainstreaming it within psychology. The rise of CSR has been a major stimulus, together with other fruitful approaches. Challenging CSR notions can only lead to more progress. The need for treating both biological and historical generalizations with caution may force psychologists to focus on cross-cultural experimentation, which promises significant insights.
Afetos e memórias em mosaico: A Associação Brasileira de História das Religiões (ABHR) em sua regionalização e internacionalização (2013 a 2015)
Authors: Maranhão Filho Eduardo Meinberg de Albuquerque
Published: September 2020

Apresento aqui algumas sensíveis memórias pessoais sobre aspectos que (des)envolveram a regionalização e a internacionalização da Associação Brasileira de História das Religiões (ABHR), ocorrida entre 2013 e 2019. Neste texto abordarei os dois primeiros anos da internacionalização e regionalização da Associação, de 2013 a 2015. Este texto é seguido por outro, publicado na Revista Plura (Dossiê 20 Anos da ABHR), e que deve ser lido na sequência a este: Memórias sensíveis em caleidoscópio: A internacionalização e a regionalização da Associação Brasileira de História das Religiões (ABHR) entre 2016 e 2019. As vivências descritas se relacionam com minha experiência na coordenação de simpósios e na Presidência desta importante entidade de estudos de religiões e religiosidades que em 20 anos - de sua gênese em 1999 até 2019 -, procurou estimular uma educação respeitosa à diversidade religiosa e a todas as formas de diversidade.
The Mediating Effect of Self-Esteem between Disabled Children’s Mothers’ Perceived Social Support and Parenting Efficacy
Authors:   The Korean Society of Special Education, Lee Jae Yon , Kim Sungbong , Cho Jiyeun
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine the mediating effect of self-esteem on the association between social support and parenting efficacy as perceived by disabled children’s mothers. For this study, 400 mothers currently using special-education classes, special-education schools, special daycare centers, and community rehabilitation centers were selected. They were requested to take a questionnaire, and after excluding insincere responses, the data of 238
mothers were analyzed for levels of self-esteem, social support, and parenting efficacy. All data
were analyzed using the SPSS 20.0 to estimate the correlation among the main variables, while
a hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to verify the mediating effect of self-esteem.
The result of the analysis showed that, first, a significant correlation existed among self-esteem, social support, and parenting efficacy perceived by disabled children’s mothers; and second, self-esteem exhibited complete mediating effects on the association between social support and
parenting efficacy perceived by disabled children’s mothers. Based on the findings, the present
study suggests that further studies should address the need for improving self-esteem so as to enhance the parenting efficacy in disabled children’s mothers.
The Effects of an Educational Drama Program on the Social Interaction of Students with Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Kim Jinho ,   The Korean Society of Special Education, Jeong Hoyeon
Published: September 2020

Educational drama usually means the educational activities and methods that use drama for the purpose of education. This study investigated the effects of an educational drama program on the social interactions of elementary students with intellectual disabilities in special education classes. The participants in this study were 16 elementary school students in special education classes in three elementary schools located in Chungbuck Province. The study consisted of intervention settings and general settings and used a multiple-baseline experimental design across the three groups of participants. The experimental phases were set up as baseline,

intervention, and maintenance; in each stage generalization observations were also conducted.

The intervention through the educational drama program included a total of 14 sessions. Data

was measured through recorded videos of the social interactions and presented in a graph that was used to analyze the changes in social interaction. The results were as follows: First, throughout the study, social initiation occurred and positive effects were seen during treatment sessions as well as maintenance sessions. Second, after conducting the educational drama program, social reaction was observed to occur among the subjects and positive effects were also seen during treatment and maintenance sessions. Third, there was a positive effect of the educational drama program to improve social interactions of the participants. Based on the results, this study suggests that educational drama programs may be meaningful and effective educational activities to increase social interaction skills of elementary students with intellectual disabilities in special education sites.
The Effects of Phased Withdrawal of Visual Cues on the Understanding and Expression of Case Markers of High School Students with Learning Disabilities
Authors:   The Korean Society of Special Education, Ha Chang Wan
Published: September 2020

The objective of this study was to understand the effects of Korean language lessons using phased withdrawal of visual cues on the understanding and expression of case markers of high school students with learning disabilities. The study involved students with learning disabilities in the special education class of a high school in G city of Gyeongnam. For this purpose, the multiple probe baseline was used and the variables included Subject+Object+ Predicate , Subject+Adverbial phrase+Predicate , Adverbial+Object+Predicate , and Subject+ Adverbial phrase+Object+Predicate. The evaluation results collected from each stage were analyzed through PND(Percentage of Non-overlapping Data) value with the visual analysis. The results, showed that Korean language lessons using phased withdrawal of visual cues had positive effects on the understanding and expression of case markers among high school students with learning disabilities. The results of the study are discussed and suggestions made based on the results.
A Comparative Analysis on SARS, MERS and COVID-19
Authors: CHANDRA Atiksh , CHANDRA Sathees
Published: September 2020

The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2/ COVID-19) is on its way to become the pandemic of the century, if not already. As a coronavirus, it is known to cause severe respiratory illness, especially for those with compromised immune systems. The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV) and The Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) are the most notable of past coronaviruses infecting thousands in numerous countries. All three viruses are from a zoonotic origin predominantly from bats, one of the coronavirus’s natural reservoir hosts. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to compare and contrast the attributes and features of all three coronaviruses. While SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and COVID-19 share many viral similarities due to their similar classification, they are not as closely related genetically. COVID-19 shares about 79% of its genome with SARS-COV and only about 50% with MERS-CoV. One of the most notable genetic similarities between SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 is their shared receptor protein, ACE2. Although all three viruses share the same dominant mode of human-to-human transmission, respiratory droplets, SARS-CoV-2 seems to have drastically higher infection rates than the other two. Aerosol and asymptotic transmission could be a leading factor for COVID-19’s explosive infectivity. Currently, social distancing seems to be the only effective preventive strategy to tackle COVID-19.
TAX EXEMPTIONS FOR RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS: THE UNITED STATES, THE EUROPEAN UNION, AND TURKEY
Authors: TOSUN Ayşe Nil
Published: September 2020

Many countries grant tax exemptions to religious organizations. The legitimacy of these exemptions hinges on nationally and internationally protected freedoms of thought, conscience, and worship. Thus, it is important that religious organizations comply with international tax rules and exemptions. This study aims to compare religious tax exemptions in the United States (US) and the European Union (EU) with those of Turkey, reveal basic differences in religious-based tax exemptions and evaluate tax exemptions for religious organizations in general. Religious tax exemptions are compared by evaluating relevant laws, tax policies, court and commission decisions. As seen in this study, no consensus has been reached yet regarding tax policy for religious organizations. This study’s findings revealed significant disparities in religious-based tax policies between the United States, the European Union and Turkey. To avoid problems, national and international laws should be enacted to eliminate this conflict. Tax regulations must comply with laws that protect freedom of thought, conscience and religion. Otherwise these persistent differences in tax policy are likely to have substantial historical, cultural, and political effects