bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análise do uso da cor no Diagrama de Classes da Linguagem Unificada de Modelagem (UML) | Analysis of the use of color in the Unified Modeling Language Class Diagram (UML)
Authors: Oliveira Rodrigo Diego de
Published: December 2020

O uso da cor em diagramas na Engenharia de Software não é novidade, em especial na Linguagem Unificada de Modelagem (UML), que consiste em um conjunto de quinze diagramas utilizados para documentar e especificar a complexidade de um software. Porém, a aplicação da cor muitas vezes é feita de forma aleatória ficando a cargo da subjetividade do projetista ou dos softwares utilizados para o desenho destes diagramas. O presente artigo aborda o uso das cores no diagrama de classes da UML segundo o modelo proposto por Coad, Lefebvre e De Luca (1999), que aplica a cor a partir de uma prática profissional utilizando post-its. O objetivo deste artigo é realizar uma análise descritiva da aplicação da cor para demonstrar a importância desta não só para melhorar a estética, mas também como símbolo, facilitando a leitura, compreensão e o estabelecimento de relações no diagrama de classes.*****The use of color in diagrams in Software Engineering is not new, especially in the Unified Modeling Language (UML), which consists of a set of fifteen diagrams used to document and specify the complexity of software. However, the application of color is often done in a random way, being in charge of the subjectivity of the designer or the software used to design these diagrams. This paper discusses the use of colors in the UML class diagram according to the model proposed by Coad, Lefebvre and De Luca (1999), who apply color from a professional practice using post-its. The purpose of this article is to perform a descriptive analysis of the application of color to demonstrate the importance of this not only to improve aesthetics but also as a symbol, facilitating reading, understanding and establishing relationships in the class diagram.
Acessibilidade em Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizagem: Abordagem Teórica.
Authors: Braga Marta C. G. , Ulbricht Vania R.
Published: December 2020

O artigo apresenta os requisitos da acessibilidade Web que podem orientar o designer instrucional quando da escolha de Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizagem (AVAs) utilizados na interao de professores e alunos em cursos on-line e, por meio dos quais alunos entram em contato com contedos, atividades de aprendizagem e avaliaes. O design instrucional exige mltiplos conhecimentos e se realiza na interao com vrias reas, tais como o design de interface, a arquitetura da informao e outras. O designer instrucional aquele que faz a mediao entre as teorias pedaggicas e a tecnologia propondo estratgias para que os objetivos da aprendizagem se realizem. Ele deve centrar as estratgias na audincia praticando o design para todos. A partir da abordagem terica, o presente trabalho pretende colaborar para minimizar as dificuldades de acessoem AVAs e auxiliar na incluso digital de usurios com inabilidades. [ Download ]
Desenvolvimento de material didático instrucional para Geometria Descritiva: uma experiência de design participativo
Authors: Pece Carlo Alessandro Zanetti , Padovani Stephania , Mafioletti Diego , Galeb Anna Carolina Murata , Paranhos Pedro Serigheli da Rocha
Published: December 2020

O presente estudo tem como objetivo desenvolver, atravs de uma abordagem de design participativo, material didtico instrucional para o ensino de GD, particularmente voltado a alunos de cursos de Design.Para tal, realizou-se inicialmente uma reviso bibliogrfica sobre o ensino de Geometria Descritiva, enfocando principalmente o papel das representaes grficas no aprendizado dos conceitos e princpios desse domnio. A produo do material didtico ocorreu no contexto da prpria disciplina de GD, ou seja, os prprios alunos, orientados pelo professor, realizaram anotaes e propuseram sugestes do que poderia sermelhorado no material. Sendo o material desenvolvido mais dinmico, os alunos sentiram-se estimulados e, consequentemente, mais motivados para o estudo de GD. Observou-se uma ampliao do dilogo discentediscente,assim como discente-docente sobre a disciplina, surgindo frequentemente propostas de melhoramento. Essas propostas vm sendo discutidas, dentre as quais destaca-se a criao de artefatos concretos, demonstrando aspectos bsicos da disciplina. O material reformulado continua sendo utilizado pelas turmas subseqentes de Geometria Descritiva, assim como referncia para outras disciplinas relacionadas. [ Download ]
Game Writing: a arte blockbuster de Richard Dansky que adaptou os livros de Tom Clancy para os games da Ubisoft
Authors: Tavares Roger
Published: December 2020

um dos game writers responsveis por trazer os famosos livros de ao de Tom Clancy para o universo dos videogames, ttulos de muito sucesso publicados no mundo todo pela Ubisoft. [ Download ]
Análise emocional de produtos de design baseada em expressão facial
Authors: Almeida Cláudio Santos de
Published: December 2020

Este artigo trata da descrio de um mtodo de anlise de produtos baseado na coleta de informaes sobre o estado emocional de sujeitos atravs de reconhecimento de emoes baseado em modificaes da face. Fundamentado na classificao de Donald Norman sobre os nveis de interao dos objetos de design com o ser humano, o artigo apresenta um modelo de anlise que pode ser usado para obter informaes sobre o nvel reativo de design. Prope o uso de Facial Action Coding System atravs de tcnicas automatizadas de reconhecimento facial de forma a reduzir a subjetividade e garantir a praticidade de uso em aplicaes dentro e fora de ambientes controlados. Conclui indicando os passos necessrios ao desenvolvimento do mtodo a ser aplicado em anlise de produtos no mercado brasileiro e iniciando uma discusso acerca dos aspectos culturais do conceito de satisfao no uso de um produto de design. [ Download ]
A linguagem gráfica em artefatos educacionais gerados com ferramentas de TIC
Authors: Cadena Renata Amorim , Coutinho Solange Galvão , Andrade Bruna
Published: December 2020

Este artigo apresenta resultados da investigao intitulada Anlise dos artefatos grficos elaborados com ferramentas de TIC no Ensino Fundamental Brasileiro. De carter exploratrio, esta pesquisa foi realizada em turmas do terceiro e do oitavo ano do Ensino Fundamental de quatro escolas recifenses. Por meio de observao; entrevistas com professores e outros funcionrios; e de anlise grfica utilizando o esquema de Twyman (1979, 2002) e de pesquisas em legibilidade tipogrfica (Tinker, 1959,1965; Walker, 2001, 2005), o estudo procurou investigar a produo e uso dos artefatos grficos impressos na escola. Os resultados apontam para a atuao dos docentes a partir de conhecimentos empricos, com restries quanto ao uso da linguagem grfica, todavia alinhados a algumas recomendaes tipogrficas para os artefatos voltados ao pblico infantil.
Parentesco y virreinato. La influencia de los validos y el poder de sus familiares en la Nápoles del siglo XVII
Authors: Mrozek Eliszezynski Giuseppe
Published: December 2020

El artículo tiene como objetivo comparar diferentes momentos en la evolución del valimiento a través de la acción de gobierno y la conducta política de tres virreyes de Nápoles. El VII conde de Lemos en los años de Lerma, el duque de Medina de las Torres en el período de Olivares y el conde de Castrillo durante el gobierno de Haro constituyen tres ejemplos de virreyes que estaban vinculados a su respectivo valido por estrechos lazos de parentesco y formaban parte de ese grupo de familias que apoyaban al favorito y beneficiaban de su poder. Se prestará atención a las relaciones que los tres virreyes establecieron con la gran aristocracia del reino de Nápoles, es decir, con las principales familias nobles que, durante el siglo XVII, no solo eran fuertes en las provincias (el llamado baronaggio), sino también estaban profundamente arraigadas en la capital y las instituciones de gobierno del reino.
INFECÇÃO NATURAL POR Cryptosporidium spp. EM GANSOS DOMÉSTICOS: RELATO DE CASO (Natural infection with Cryptosporidium spp. in domestic goose: case report)
Authors: Back Ana Julia Dal Curtivo , Candeias Ana Paula Molinari , Beninca Andre Luis Vriesman , Fernandes Nelson Luis Mello
Published: December 2020

Os protozoários do gênero Cryptosporidium spp. infectam uma ampla variedade de hospedeiros, incluindo o homem. Três espécies são apontadas como infectantes para aves silvestres e domésticas, sendo elas, C. meleagridis, C. baileyi e C. galli. Em aves como perus, codornas, frangos e patos os dados disponíveis na literatura revelam elevada prevalência parasitando a cloaca, intestino, traqueia e pró ventrículo. A maioria das aves é assintomática, porém as que apresentam sintomatologia expressam como principal manifestação clínica a diarreia com significativa perda de peso. Em análises histopatológicas é possível verificar também a hiperplasia epitelial e dilatação de glândulas seromucosas da traqueia (Mousa,2000). O presente trabalho teve como objetivo descrever um caso de criptosporidiose em dois gansos domésticos Anser anser, provenientes de uma propriedade localizada na região Oeste do Estado do Paraná. As amostras fecais foram recebidas no Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias dos Animais (DOPA) da Universidade Federal Do Paraná (UFPR) – Setor Palotina e submetidas a análises macro e microscópicas. Na análise macroscópica, não foram observadas alterações, apresentando coloração e consistência adequadas para a espécie. Foi realizada a confecção de esfregaços fecais com o conteúdo resultante da centrifugo sedimentação, posteriormente, corados pelo método de ZiehlNeelsen modificado (ORTOLANI, 2000) e analisados ao microscópio (1000x) A análise possibilitou a identificação de oocistos de Cryptosporidium spp. A realização do diagnóstico coproparasitológico apresenta grande importância no monitoramento de animais domésticos e de produção, visto que os dois gansos não aparentavam manifestações clínicas. A literatura é escassa em relação a dados sobre essa espécie, entretanto, são potenciais fontes de infecção e de contaminação ambiental, atuando como reservatório do protozoário, visto que, geralmente esses Anseriformes tem convívio em meio comum a outros animais de produção. Sendo de notoriedade para saúde coletiva, a espécie C. meleagridis que parasita as espécies de aves domésticas e silvestres, apresenta potencial zoonótico. É importante o gerenciar o risco de transmissão, com a realização de diagnóstico precoce, para o monitoramento desses animais, com foco no convívio com outros reservatórios e hospedeiros, visando o controle de danos e perdas na produção animal e diminuindo o risco de infecção zoonótica.
Design, Implementation and Testing of a New Multi-Sensor Mobile Device as a Tool for Cycling Data Collection in Highly Congested Urban Streets
Authors: Bernardes Suzana Duran , Kurkcu Abdullah , Ozbay Kaan
Published: December 2020

The number of bicycle riders in New York City (NYC) has been increasing steadily in the past few years. These numbers include private and shared bicycles. The NYC bicycle network has been expanded to accommodate the needs of the increasing number of riders. Although the new infrastructure has reduced the number of cyclists killed or seriously injured (KSI) in some areas, in other areas similar improvements were not observed. A data-driven approach to study the possible effects of this type of infrastructure inconsistency on the variation of the number of bicycle crashes from one region to another in the city is the primary motivation of this paper. A highly portable and inexpensive sensing device for measuring the distance between a bicycle and lateral objects is designed and developed from scratch. The developed mobile sensing device can also map bicycle trajectories to highlight critical segments where the safe distance from passing vehicles is not respected. This mobile device is powered by a portable power source and it is comprised of two ultrasonic sensors, a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver, and a real-time clock (RTC). The sensor is secured inside a custom design 3D printed case. The case can be easily attached to any bicycle including shared bikes for testing. The final prototype is entirely functional and used to collect sample data to demonstrate its effectiveness to address safety-related problems mentioned above. Finally, a dashboard is created to display collected key information. This key information can be used by researches and agencies for a better understanding of the factors contributing to the safety of bicycle routes.
Preface - v.51
Authors: Bayaraa Batkhishig
Published: December 2020

No abstract in English
Lower Permian basaltic agglomerate from the Tsengel River valley, Mongolian Altai
Authors: Hrdličková Kristýna , Battushig Altanbaatar , Hanžl Pavel , Zavřelová Alice , Míková Jitka
Published: December 2020

A new occurrence of Permian volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks in the Mongolian Altai south of the Main Mongolian Lineament was described between soums of Tugrug and Tseel in Gobi-Altai aimag. Studied vitrophyric pyroxene basalt lies in a layer of agglomerate and amygdaloidal lavas, which is a part of NE–SW trending subvertical sequence of varicolored siltstones and volcaniclastic rocks in the Tsengel River valley. This high-Mg basalt is enriched in large ion lithophile elements, Pb and Sr and depleted in Nb and Ta. LA-ICP-MS dating on 44 spots reveals several concordia clusters. The whole rock geochemistry of sample fits volcanic arc characteristic in the geotectonic discrimination diagrams. Dominant zircon data yield Upper Carboniferous and Permian magmatic ages 304.4 ± 2.3 and 288.6 ± 1.9 Ma. Two smaller clusters of Upper Devonian (376 ± 4.7 Ma) to Lower Carboniferous ages (351.9 ± 3.5 Ma) indicate probably contamination of ascending magmatic material. Youngest Triassic age found in three morphologically differing grains reflects probably lead loss. Described high-Mg basalt lava represents sub-aerial volcanism in volcanic arc environment developed over the N dipping subduction zone in the southwestern Mongolia in the time span from Uppermost Carboniferous to Permian during terminal stage of its activity.
PLASTIC WASTE AND ITS REMOVAL BY LICENSED HORTICULTURAL FIRMS IN GEORGIA, USA
Authors: Florkowski Wojciech J.
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the study was the investigation of horticultural firm behavior regarding plastic waste recycling and the constraints and incentives to increase the volume of recycled plastics. Licensed horticultural firms in Georgia recycle plastic waste such as plastic pots, trays, and multipacks to varying degrees. The survey involved horticultural firms licensed by the Georgia Department of Agriculture to conduct business in Georgia. A total of 2,194 firms were contacted and 299 completed the questionnaire. The scope of the survey was larger than a survey conducted in 2013. The survey response summary revealed that the majority of firms recycled at least one half of the used plastic pots. Results show that constraints to recycling include the sorting, storage, and cleaning of plastic waste. The share of respondents agreeing that those factors limit plastic recycling was 59%, 56%, and 69%, respectively. Lower waste pickup fees in exchange for plastic recycling would increase the volume of recycled plastic waste in the horticultural sector.
El discurso publicitario: núcleo de la comunicación transmedia.
Authors: Marzal Felici Javier , Casero Ripollés Andreu
Published: December 2020

Editorial y presentación de los contenidos del número 14.
Sykepleiestudentenes kliniske praksis – om klinisk læringsmiljø og studenttilfredshet
Authors: Andreasen Eva Mari , Høigaard Rune , Haraldstad Kristin
Published: December 2020

Nurse practice – clinical learning environment and student satisfaction

The purpose of this study was to investigate nursing students’ satisfaction with the clinical learning environment during clinical practice. A questionnaire was distributed to nursing students at a university (N=250) in Norway. Student satisfaction, task orientation, pedagogical atmosphere, supervisory relationship, and the premises of nursing on the ward were measured. Of the 250 students invited, 163 (66 %) completed the survey. Nursing students were largely satisfied with their clinical placement experiences, but they were more satisfied with hospital placements than home care placements. Supervision more than once a week and having one supervisor was important for student satisfaction. Students’ relationship with their supervisors was strongest associated with satisfaction with their clinical placements. Supervisors play an important role in nursing students’ satisfaction with their clinical practice, with results indicating that this should be emphasized in the development of nursing education. The results indicate that nursing guidance skills should be strengthened to ensure the quality of clinical placements in nursing education.
Evaluation of the synergistic effect of acetylation and poly(acrylic acid‐co‐2‐hydroxyethyl acrylate) branches on irradiated‐cornstarch for polyester warp sizing
Authors: Zha Xiaochuan , Sadi Md Shak , Yang Yuxuan , Liu Xingqiao , Huang Nianhua
Published: December 2020

Starch‐based materials have received great attention for textile warp sizing due to their high modification potentiality, low cost, and biodegradability. However, the brittleness of starch film and low compatibility with polyester has made it challenging to withstand the friction of modern high‐speed weaving machinery. To overcome such drawbacks, a series of irradiated‐cornstarch acetate‐g‐poly (acrylic acid‐co‐2‐hydroxyethyl acrylate) samples with different grafting ratios were designed and prepared in this study. Fourier transform infrared, X‐ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy were employed to characterize the structural properties. The prepared starches were cooked for sizing on the roving and spun yarn, for the film formation. The adhesion was evaluated by measuring the bonding force of starch to roving fibers, the abrasion resistance of sized polyester yarn, and water dispersion. Whereas the film properties were investigated in terms of tensile strength, elongation, hydrophilicity, and moisture regain from the air. Results revealed that esterification‐grafting can significantly improve adhesion and film mechanical properties. The enhancement of abrasion resistance reached to 262%. With the increase of grafting ratio, hydratability, water dispersion, and elongation of the film increased, twice as high as that of irradiated‐cornstarch (IS). Desizability was above 88%, reaching the industry standard. The improvement in the warp sizing performance demonstrated that combining acetylation with hydrophilic branches is an effective strategy for the development of high‐performance starch sizing materials.
Establishment and validation of a prognostic nomogram based on a novel five‐DNA methylation signature for survival in endometrial cancer patients
Authors: Li Xingchen , Yin Fufen , Fan Yuan , Cheng Yuan , Dong Yangyang , Zhou Jingyi , Wang Zhiqi , Li Xiaoping , Wang Jianliu
Published: December 2020

Background

This study aimed to explore the prognostic role of DNA methylation pattern in endometrial cancer (EC) patients.

Methods

Differentially methylated genes (DMGs) of EC patients with distinct survival from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were analyzed to identify methylated genes as biomarkers for EC prognosis. The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) analysis was used to construct a risk score model. A nomogram was built based on analysis combining the risk score model with clinicopathological signatures together, and then verified in the validation cohort and patients in our own center.

Results

In total, 157 DMGs were identified between different prognostic groups. Based on the LASSO analysis, five genes (GBP4, OR8K3, GABRA2, RIPPLY2, and TRBV5‐7) were screened for the establishment of risk score model. The model outperformed in prognostic accuracy at varying follow‐up times (AUC for 3 years: 0.824, 5 years: 0.926, and 7 years: 0.853). Multivariate analysis identified four independent risk factors including menopausal status (HR = 3.006, 95%CI: 1.062–8.511, p = 0.038), recurrence (HR = 2.116, 95%CI: 1.061–4.379, p = 0.046), lymph node metastasis (LNM, HR = 3.465, 95%CI: 1.225–9.807, p = 0.019), and five‐DNA methylation risk model (HR = 3.654, 95%CI: 1.458–9.161, p = 0.006) in training cohort. The performance of the nomogram was good in the training (AUC = 0.828), validation (AUC = 0.866) and the whole cohorts (AUC = 0.843). Furthermore, we verified the nomogram with 24 patients in our center and the Kaplan–Meier survival curve also proved to be significantly different (p < 0.01). The subgroup analysis in different stratifications indicated that the accuracy was high in different subgroups for age, histological type, tumor grade, and clinical stage (all p < 0.01).

Conclusions

Briefly, our work established and verified a five‐DNA methylation risk model, and a nomogram merging the model with clinicopathological characteristics to facilitate individual prediction of EC patients for clinicians.
Rührtechnologische Forschung zum Suspendieren und Dispergieren
Authors: Wollny Stefan , Sperling Reinhard
Published: December 2020

Im Beitrag geht es um den Einfluss der Rührer auf das Suspendierverhalten schwerer Partikel und den Einzug leichter Partikel von der Fluidoberfläche. Es wird gezeigt, dass für den Einzug leichter Partikel eine Ein‐Stromstörer‐Variante und ein nach oben fördernder Axialrührer optimal sind. Es wird auch die Problematik des beanspruchungsarmen Rührens vorgestellt und wie folgt zusammengefasst: Jene Rührer/Reaktor‐Konfiguration, die für einen bestimmten spezifischen Leistungseintrag die höchste Rührerumfangsgeschwindigkeit benötigt, produziert die höchste hydrodynamische Partikelbeanspruchung.
Coumarin‐Thiourea Hybrids Show Potent Carbonic Anhydrase IX and XIII Inhibitory Action
Authors: Thacker Pavitra S. , Srikanth Danaboina , Angeli Andrea , Singh Priti , Chinchilli Krishna Kartheek , Arifuddin Mohammed , Supuran Claudiu T.
Published: December 2020

A series of coumarin‐thiourea hybrids (4 a–o) has been synthesized, and the compounds have been evaluated against the tumour associated transmembrane isoform, human (h) carbonic anhydrase (CA) hCA IX and the less‐explored cytosolic isoform, hCA XIII. All compounds exhibited potent inhibition of both isoforms, with KI values of <100 nM against hCA IX. Compound 4 b was the best inhibitor (KI=78.5 nM). All the compounds inhibited hCA XIII in the low‐nanomolar to sub‐micromolar range, with compound 4 b again showing the best inhibition (KI=76.3 nM). With compound 4 b as a lead, more‐selective inhibitors of hCA IX and hCA XIII or dual hCA IX/XIII inhibitors might be developed.
Neuroplasticity in N‐methyl‐d‐aspartic acid receptor signaling in subregions of the rat rostral ventrolateral medulla following sedentary versus physically active conditions
Authors: Fyk‐Kolodziej Bozena E. , Ghoddoussi Farhad , Mueller Patrick J.
Published: December 2020

The rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) is a brain region involved in normal regulation of the cardiovascular system and heightened sympathoexcitatory states of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Among major risk factors for CVD, sedentary lifestyles contribute to higher mortality than other modifiable risk factors. Previous studies suggest excessive glutamatergic excitation of presympathetic neurons in the RVLM occurs in sedentary animals. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine neuroplasticity in the glutamatergic system in the RVLM of sedentary and physically active rats. We hypothesized that relative to active rats, sedentary rats would exhibit higher expression of glutamate N‐methyl‐d‐aspartic acid receptor subunits (GluN), phosphoGluN1, and the excitatory scaffold protein postsynaptic density 95 (PSD95), while achieving higher glutamate levels. Male Sprague–Dawley rats (4 weeks old) were divided into sedentary and active (running wheel) conditions for 10–12 weeks. We used retrograde tracing/triple‐labeling techniques, western blotting, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We report in sedentary versus physically active rats: 1) fewer bulbospinal non‐C1 neurons positive for GluN1, 2) significantly higher expression of GluN1 and GluN2B but lower levels of phosphoGluN1 (pSer896) and PSD95, and 3) higher levels of glutamate in the RVLM. Higher GluN expression is consistent with enhanced sympathoexcitation in sedentary animals; however, a more complex neuroplasticity occurs within subregions of the ventrolateral medulla. Our results in rodents may also indicate that alterations in glutamatergic excitation of the RVLM contribute to the increased incidence of CVD in humans who lead sedentary lifestyles. Thus, there is a strong need to further pursue mechanisms of inactivity‐related neuroplasticity in the RVLM.
The Bonding Interactions in Fluorinated Vinylogous Amides: A CF3‐Substituted Carbonyl‐β‐Aminoenone as a Case Study
Authors: Espitia Cogollo Edeimis , Jios Eliana , Hidalgo Alejandra , Ulic Sonia Elizabeth , Echeverría Gustavo Alberto , Piro Oscar Enrique , Jios Jorge Luis
Published: December 2020

A new perfluoromethylated vinylogous amide, (Z)‐4,4,4‐trifluoro‐1‐(2‐hydroxyphenyl)‐3‐(2‐methoxyethylamino)‐2‐buten‐1‐one, is chosen as an example to investigate the bonding interactions in solid state. The Z, s‐cis form is the dominant conformation in both solution and solid state. Intramolecular hydrogen bonding determines this conformational preference in a nonpolar solvent (NMR spectra). Carbonyl and phenol groups are sensitive to the intra‐ and intermolecular contacts (vibrational spectra). The supramolecular assembly (X‐ray diffraction) is governed by NH⋯O and OH⋯O strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds giving rise to center‐symmetric and graph‐set motifs. The π‐stacking, F⋯H and F⋯F interactions are also discussed (Hirshfeld analysis).
Conceptual design of a health suit to prevent COVID‐19 and similar type other airborne virus infections
Authors: Sinha Srikrishna , Sinha Srikanta , Sinha Sanjula , Manna Bibekananda
Published: December 2020

We present the conceptual design of a complete health suit. This suit is designed to provide clean, virus‐free air to its wearer either from an oxygen cylinder or through an air purification system that consists of an ultraviolet lamp, or a soap solution‐based air purifier. This health suit, if designed and fabricated properly, should help prevent the spread of COVID‐19 and similar type other airborne virus infections in human beings.
Intracranial pressure monitoring following traumatic brain injury: evaluation of indications, complications, and significance of follow-up imaging—an exploratory, retrospective study of consecutive patients at a level I trauma center
Authors: Bumberger Alexander , Braunsteiner Tomas , Leitgeb Johannes , Haider Thomas
Published: December 2020

Background

Measurement of intracranial pressure (ICP) is an essential part of clinical management of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, clinical utility and impact on clinical outcome of ICP monitoring remain controversial. Follow-up imaging using cranial computed tomography (CCT) is commonly performed in these patients. This retrospective cohort study reports on complication rates of ICP measurement in severe TBI patients, as well as on findings and clinical consequences of follow-up CCT.

Methods

We performed a retrospective clinical chart review of severe TBI patients with invasive ICP measurement treated at an urban level I trauma center between January 2007 and September 2017.

Results

Clinical records of 213 patients were analyzed. The mean Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) on admission was 6 with an intra-hospital mortality of 20.7%. Overall, complications in 12 patients (5.6%) related to the invasive ICP-measurement were recorded of which 5 necessitated surgical intervention. Follow-up CCT scans were performed in 192 patients (89.7%). Indications for follow-up CCTs included routine imaging without clinical deterioration (n = 137, 64.3%), and increased ICP values and/or clinical deterioration (n = 55, 25.8%). Follow-up imaging based on clinical deterioration and increased ICP values were associated with significantly increased likelihoods of worsening of CCT findings compared to routinely performed CCT scans with an odds ratio of 5.524 (95% CI 1.625–18.773) and 6.977 (95% CI 3.262–14.926), respectively. Readings of follow-up CCT imaging resulted in subsequent surgical intervention in six patients (3.1%).

Conclusions

Invasive ICP-monitoring in severe TBI patients was safe in our study population with an acceptable complication rate. We found a high number of follow-up CCT. Our results indicate that CCT imaging in patients with invasive ICP monitoring should only be considered in patients with elevated ICP values and/or clinical deterioration.
Direct patient-physician communication via a hepatitis C hotline facilitates treatment initiation in patients with poor adherence
Authors: Steininger Lisa , Chromy David , Bauer David , Simbrunner Benedikt , Binter Teresa , Schwabl Philipp , Schmidbauer Caroline , Trauner Michael , Gschwantler Michael , Mandorfer Mattias , Reiberger Thomas
Published: December 2020

Background

Despite the availability of effective and well-tolerated direct acting antivirals (DAAs) against hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, a substantial number of HCV patients remain untreated. Novel strategies targeting HCV patients with poor adherence are urgently needed to enable HCV elimination.

Methods

We implemented a physician-operated HCV hotline (HCV-Phone) that was promoted within the patient community and referral networks. Previously diagnosed HCV patients were contacted via the HCV-Phone and offered low-barrier access to DAA therapy. Patients/referring physicians could directly call or send messages to the HCV-Phone. The HCV-Phone related and unrelated visits as well as DAA treatment initiations throughout 2019 were documented. Patients were followed until October 2020. This study analyzed treatment initiation, adherence to scheduled visits and outcomes in patients in whom management was assisted by the HCV-Phone.

Results

Out of 98 patient contacts via the HCV-Phone 74 attended treatment assessment at our clinic. While 15 (20%) patients were HCV-RNA negative and 1 (1%) patient did not initiate therapy, 58 patients were recruited for DAA therapy via the HCV-Phone. A total of 21 additional patients who started DAAs without HCV-Phone assistance required the use of the HCV-Phone infrastructure later on during treatment, resulting in a total of 79 HCV-Phone related DAA therapies. The poor adherence of patients previously diagnosed with HCV at our clinic is underlined by the long duration from HCV diagnosis to DAA therapy of median 37.0 months (IQR 2.7–181.1 months). A total of 55 (70%) HCV patients achieved a sustained virological response (SVR), 5 (6%) discontinued therapy, 1 (1%) had a reinfection, while 10 (13%) and 8 (10%) patients were lost during DAA therapy or follow-up, respectively.

Conclusion

The implementation of a physician-operated phone hotline for patients with HCV infection facilitated treatment initiation in an HCV population with poor adherence. Mainly due to losses to follow-up, the SVR rate remained suboptimal with 70%.
Gaze awareness and metacognitive suggestions by a pedagogical conversational agent: an experimental investigation on interventions to support collaborative learning process and performance
Authors: Hayashi Yugo
Published: December 2020

Research on collaborative learning has revealed that peer-collaboration explanation activities facilitate reflection and metacognition and that establishing common ground and successful coordination are keys to realizing effective knowledge-sharing in collaborative learning tasks. Studies on computer-supported collaborative learning have investigated how awareness tools can facilitate coordination within a group and how the use of external facilitation scripts can elicit elaborated knowledge during collaboration. However, the separate and joint effects of these tools on the nature of the collaborative process and performance have rarely been investigated. This study investigates how two facilitation methods—coordination support via learner gaze-awareness feedback and metacognitive suggestion provision via a pedagogical conversational agent (PCA)—are able to enhance the learning process and learning gains. Eighty participants, organized into dyads, were enrolled in a 2 × 2 between-subject study. The first and second factors were the presence of real-time gaze feedback (no vs. visible gaze) and that of a suggestion-providing PCA (no vs. visible agent), respectively. Two evaluation methods were used: namely, dialog analysis of the collaborative process and evaluation of learning gains. The real-time gaze feedback and PCA suggestions facilitated the coordination process, while gaze was relatively more effective in improving the learning gains. Learners in the Gaze-feedback condition achieved superior learning gains upon receiving PCA suggestions. A successful coordination/high learning performance correlation was noted solely for learners receiving visible gaze feedback and PCA suggestions simultaneously (visible gaze/visible agent). This finding has the potential to yield improved collaborative processes and learning gains through integration of these two methods as well as contributing towards design principles for collaborative-learning support systems more generally.
Efficient and economical approach for flexible photothermal icephobic copper mesh with robust superhydrophobicity and active deicing property
Authors: Xie Heng , Xu Wen-hua , Fang Cong , Wu Ting
Published: December 2020

Flexible photothermal icephobic copper mesh with robust superhydrophobicity exhibits excellence in passive anti-icing and active deicing.
Calibrating core overshooting parameters with two-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations
Authors: Higl J. , Müller E. , Weiss A.
Published: December 2020

The extent of mixed regions around convective zones is one of the biggest uncertainties in stellar evolution. One-dimensional overshooting descriptions introduce a free parameter (fov) that is, in general, not well constrained from observations. Especially in small central convective regions, the value is highly uncertain due to its tight connection to the pressure scale height. Long-term multi-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations can be used to study the size of the overshooting region as well as the involved mixing processes. Here we show how one can calibrate an overshooting parameter by performing two-dimensional Maestro simulations of zero-age-main-sequence stars ranging from 1.3 to 3.5 M⊙. The simulations cover the convective cores of the stars and a large fraction of the surrounding radiative envelope. We follow the convective flow for at least 20 convective turnover times, while the longest simulation covers 430 turnover time scales. This allows us to study how the mixing as well as the convective boundary itself evolve with time, and how the resulting entrainment can be interpreted in terms of overshooting parameters. We find that increasing the overshooting parameter fov beyond a certain value in the initial model of our simulations changes the mixing behaviour completely. This result can be used to put limits on the overshooting parameter. We find 0.010 <  fov <  0.017 to be in good agreement with our simulations of a 3.5 M⊙ mass star. We also identify a diffusive mixing component due to internal gravity waves that is active throughout the convectively stable layer, but it is most likely overestimated in our simulations. Furthermore, applying our calibration method to simulations of less massive stars suggests a need for a mass-dependent overshooting description where the mixing in terms of the pressure scale height is reduced for small convective cores.
Probiotics and animal feed in primates feeding
Authors: Gaponov N.V. , Neverova O.P , Gorelik O.V. , Stepanov A.V.
Published: December 2020

This paper presents the results of experiments on primates feeding. In diet structures that were used animal feed, of which fish flour is the most valuable, as found, for monkeys, due to its unique chemical composition. And the effect of the probiotic complex “Bactistatin” on the digestibility of feed in the diet of rhesus monkeys was studied. This preparation belongs to the new generation of probiotics. It is a biological product with immobilized probiotic strains and their metabolites. The study was conducted on a large population of male rhesus macaques in enclosure conditions. Feeding diets, their nutritional value as a result of the inclusion of fish flour in the amount of 18% were studied. And also, the effect of “Bactistatin” in the amount of 3 g/head, on the formation of symbiotic microflora of the gastrointestinal tract, was studied in order to improve the absorption of nutrients in complete feed. Changes in homeostasis during the experiment were controlled by hematological and biochemical parameters of the blood of both experimental and control primates. At the end of the experiment, the cost of feed, nutrients, and exchange energy per head was calculated. The experimental data obtained were analyzed and mathematically processed.
Justification of parameters of vehicles with elastic partitions for transporting potatoes
Authors: Beznosyuk Roman , Ryabchikov Dmitry , Borychev Sergey , Rembalovich Georgiy , Kostenko Mikhail
Published: December 2020

Elastic partitions have been developed to be installed in the body of a vehicle and allowing to reduce damage to tubers when unloading by reducing the speed and, accordingly, the interaction of potatoes with the working surfaces of the machine and neighboring tubers. A mathematical model of a device for transporting and unloading root crops has been developed, taking into account the physical properties of root crops, the physical and geometric characteristics of the container and elastic partitions, as well as the parameters of the unloading process. As a result of comparative field tests of a serial MAZ 5516 truck body and an experimental MAZ 5516 truck body with installed transverse partitions, it was found that the use of the developed elastic transverse partitions reduces damage to potato tubers from 5.3% to 2.9%.
A method of expert evaluation and selection of innovative projects in the agri-business
Authors: Marinchenko Tatiana
Published: December 2020

A component of innovation activities is the selection of innovation projects and the innovation assessment system underlying it. The problem of taking into account the features associated with the heterogeneity of innovative projects in agriculture, complexity of measurement of quality indicators and taking into account effects from social and environmental goals has not been methodically solved yet. It has led to the need to find an affordable method for the assessment of innovative projects that would be able to consider these problems. The method developed will allow selecting an innovative project from the non-homogeneous group. At the same time, various differences associated with the areas of projects, regional characteristics, scales, ultimate effects, and other parameters are levelled out. The method is a flexible tool that allows you to take into account a different number of criteria and set individual weighting depending on the tasks being solved.
Chloris virgata (feather finger grass).
Authors: Rojas-Sandoval Julissa
Published: December 2020

Chloris virgata is a widespread and very variable weedy annual grass (Flora of China Editorial Committee, 2015). This species is a particularly aggressive invader of bare areas and degraded or disturbed native vegetation, and it has the potential to out-compete native vegetation in these habitats (Smith, 2002; Oviedo Prieto et al., 2012; Weeds of Australia, 2015). This weedy grass spreads from cultivation, pastures, gardens, disturbed areas and roadsides to nearby disturbed forest, creeks and riversides, native grasslands and coastal habitats such as coastal forests and sand dunes (Weeds of Australia, 2015; FAO, 2015; PIER, 2015). It also grows as a weed in agricultural lands (Vibrans, 2009). Currently, this species is regarded as an invasive and environmental weed in northern Australia (i.e., Queensland and the Northern Territory; Weeds of Australia, 2015) and as an invasive grass in Cuba, Palau, New Caledonia, the Galapagos Islands, and Hawaii (Wagner et al., 1999; Charles Darwin Foundation, 2008; Oviedo Prieto et al., 2012; PIER, 2015).
Myriophyllum pinnatum (cutleaf watermilfoil).
Authors: Vélez-Gavilán Jeanine
Published: December 2020

Myriophyllum pinnatum is a perennial aquatic herb only reported as invasive in Cuba, where it is included in the management plan of the Ciénaga de Zapata Biosphere Reserve as a species that needs to be managed to prevent invasion of that wetland system. In some areas of its native range in North America, it is considered rare, endangered or extirpated due to habitat fragmentation and loss. In the USA, the species is considered endangered in Connecticut, Massachusetts, Indiana, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island and Tennessee. M. pinnatum belongs to a genus recognized for the invasive species M. spicatum, M. aquaticum and M. heterophyllum.
Elodea canadensis (Canadian pondweed).
Authors: Duenas-Lopez Manuel Angel , Popay Ian , Dawson Hugh
Published: December 2020

Elodea canadensis is a submerged aquatic plant of slower flowing rivers, native to North America. It has been intentionally introduced into areas outside of its native range as an ornamental aquarium species. This species has a wide ecological tolerance and grows relatively fast. It is a perennial, overwintering in the deeper water, and reproducing asexually. Disturbance increases the dispersal of numerous propagules and the vigorous re-growth is enhanced through changes in availability of nutrients. E. canadensis can form dense mats which can interfere with recreational activities, navigation and port infrastructure. In addition to this, the dense mats outcompete native plant species and therefore decrease the biodiversity in an area. It also accentuates the accumulation of finer organic silts which enhances its growth further as nutrients are released. E. canadensis is considered invasive in Australia, New Zealand, Cuba, Alaska and the majority of European countries where it is present. Control is complicated and loss of fragments should be minimized to prevent further spread. It is included in the IUCN Red List, categorized as being of Least Concern. Thus, no conservation action is proposed or is necessary for this species.
Eragrostis japonica (pond lovegrass).
Authors: Rojas-Sandoval Julissa
Published: December 2020

E. japonica is a good fodder grass cultivated for pasture in tropical and subtropical regions (Kumar, 2013; USDA-ARS, 2016). It has escaped from cultivation and naturalized principally in disturbed sites. This species behaves as a weed in abandoned pastures, cultivated land, disturbed sites, waste areas, and along roadsides and riparian areas (Barkworth et al., 2004; Flora of China Editorial Committee, 2016; PIER, 2016; PROTA, 2016). Currently, it is listed as invasive in Argentina, Brazil, and Cuba (Zuloaga et al., 2008; Oviedo Prieto et al., 2012; I3N-Brasil, 2016). It is well adapted to grow in seasonally waterlogged conditions and can be found growing in floodplain grassland and swampy grassland (Flora of Pakistan, 2016).
Ficus carica (common fig).
Authors: Datiles Marianne Jennifer
Published: December 2020

Ficus carica, the common fig, is a rapidly growing tree that can spread by both seeds and cuttings, and if left unattended will form dense thickets that displace native trees and shrubs (Weber, 2003). It is known to be invasive to Australia and the western United States (Weber, 2003) since the introduction of its pollinator wasp to the USA in 1900 (Hanelt et al., 2001); in California's wildland, it is reportedly threatening the state's increasingly rare riparian forests (California Invasive Plant Council, 2014). The species is listed as "casual alien, cultivation escape, environmental weed, garden thug, naturalised, noxious weed, weed" in the Global Compendium of Weeds (Randall, 2012), but is not listed in the Geographical Atlas of World Weeds (Holm, 1979) and is currently considered a low-risk species according to a risk assessment of the species prepared for Hawaii (PIER, 2014). Re-evaluation is recommended in the future.
Finite element modeling of asynchronous electric motors with electrical defects of stator and rotor
Authors: Belsky I O , Kupriyanov I S , Lukyanov A V
Published: December 2020

The paper presents results of finite element modeling of induction motor in the growth of stator and rotor fault. Due to the symmetry design of the electric motors relative to the rotor axis the simulation problem is solved in a plane orthogonal axicon. Obtained data the characteristics variation of induction motors with defects: broken rotor bars faults and stator inter-turn short-circuit fault. The results of finite element analysis show the processes occurring in the electric motor for defects and growth. The applied results of modeling are the identification of characteristic diagnostic property there are defects and growth, as well as the development of methods for diagnosing the technical condition of the induction machine
Measurement of the production cross-section of J/ψ and ψ(2S) mesons at high transverse momentum in pp collisions at

s=13TeV

with the ATLAS detector
Authors: Zakareishvili Tamar
Published: December 2020

The measurements of the prompt and non-prompt differential cross-sections of J/ψ and ψ(2S) mesons in a high transverse momentum range are reported. The measurements of the non-prompt fractions of ψ(2S) and J/ψ, and of prompt and non-prompt production ratios of ψ(2S) to J/ψ are also presented. The analysis is performed using pp collision data recorded by the ATLAS detector at

s

=
13

TeV

during Run 2 of the LHC, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1.
An experimental investigation on single cylinder RCCI engine fuelled with diesel/petrol
Authors: Jagankumar K R , Prakash N , Prasad C , Shridhar V A , Dinesh Singh M , Sathyamurthy Ravishankar
Published: December 2020

The objective of this research paper is to investigate the combustion and emission characteristics by developing a clean combustion phenomenon, with an improvement in efficiency in an internal combustion engine. Most of the commercial transportation is through the CI (Compressed Ignition) engine and these engines creates relatively high emission in the form of Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) and Particulate Matter (PM). With an increase in fuel prices and emission norms globally, thus demands a clean combustion from IC engine. In order to overcome the above stated problems associated, a step ahead is taken by the use of Reactivity Controlled Combustion Ignition concept (RCCI). As per the experiment conducted RCCI is capable of achieving high thermal efficiency and low NOx and PM emissions. In this experiment a light-duty single-cylinder diesel engine is modified to run an RCCI mode using diesel and petrol as a fuel. The reduction and increase in efficiency and emissions has been obtained by carrying out a slight modification in the intake named as Port Fuel Injector (PFI) for using the Low Reactive Fuel (LRF). The engine speed is kept constant by varying the Start of Injection (SOI). The PFI injector is being run by using an Arduino setup, where the LRF injection will be monitored and controlled by the Arduino. Load is applied using an eddy current dynamometer. The experiment is run with two combinations fuels such diesel and diesel-petrol.