bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI GURU MELALUI PELATIHAN KOMPUTER AKUNTANSI MYOB VERSI 22 PADA SMK TARUNA TERPADU 2 BOGOR
Authors: Pratiwi Ratih , Sastrawan Uding , Ginoga Lesia Fatma
Published: April 2022

Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) merupakan salah satu lembaga pendidikan formal yang menyelenggarakan pendidikan kejuruan pada jenjang pendidikan  menengah guna mempersiapkan guru didik untuk bekerja dalam bidang keahlian tertentu.  Sistem pembelajaran di SMK lebih difokuskan kepada praktikum dan terapan dibandingkan Sekolah Menengah Umum (SMU) dengan bobot teori lebih besar. Salah satu bidang kompetensi akuntansi bagi lulusan SMK adalah terampil menyusun laporan keuangan berbasis aplikasi komputer. Pada SMK Taruna Terpadu hanya terdapat satu guru yang memahami tentang akuntansi berbasis aplikasi komputer, sehingga diperlukannya pelatihan untuk para guru akuntansi yang lain agar dapat memahami dan menghubungkan antara pencatatan akuntansi manual dengan pencatatan akuntansi menggunakan aplikasi komputer. Untuk menciptakan link and match kurikulum Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan dan Pendidikan Vokasi, maka menyelenggarakan pelatihan pengoperasian software MYOB Accounting versi 22 perlu dilakukan. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah meningkatkan pemahaman, kompetensi guru dalam penyajian laporan keuangan di SMK Taruna Terpadu 2 Bogor. Pelaksanaan kegiatan dilakukan dengan metode ceramah, simulasi dan praktik pencatatan setiap transaksi keuangan. Pelatihan dimulai dari persiapan data base perusahaan, pencatatan transaksi yang meliputi pembelian, penjualan, bank, jurnal penyesuaian dan tahapan akhir adalah penyajian laporan keuangan. Secara umum,  peserta pelatihan dapat mengoperasikan MYOB Versi 22 dengan baik dan diimplementasikan dalam pembelajaran kepada siswa.
MEMAKSIMALKAN KEMAMPUAN PENYIARAN DIGITAL MELALU PODCAST, RADIO STREAMING, DAN YOUTUBE DI MAN BINTAN
Authors: Dwiyanti Nova , Sari Afna Fitria , Hamdan Ahmad , Dewi Ning Ratna Sinta , Rahmadeni Yozi
Published: April 2022

Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memaksimalkan kemampuan dalam memanfaatkan penyiaran digital sebagai alat penunjang pembelajaran siswa MAN Bintan melalui Podcast, Radio Streaming, dan Youtube. Kegiatan pengabdian dilaksanakan menggunakan pendekatan atau metodelogi Metode Participatory Action (PAR).. Setelah dilakukannya pengabdian maka dapat terlihat kemampuan, pemahaman, kreatifitas dan minat siswa dalam menggunakan media digital. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian yang dilakukan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan kemmapuan siswa dalam penyiaran digital dengan memanfaatkan Podcast, Radio Streaming, dan Youtub. Hasil dari kegiatan juga telihat antusias dan ketertarikan yang tinggi siswa terhadap kegiatan pelatihan ini seperti pada penampilan siswa pada praktek pelaksanaannya yaitu, memunculkan sikap berani dan percaya diri, mampu berkomunikasi dengan baik dan benar, terutama dalam penggunaan dan pemilihan kata-kata dan bahasa yang akan disampaikan yang dianggap dapat menarik setiap orang yang mendengarnya. Kegiatan pengabdian ini juga untuk memberikan sumbangan ilmu yang bermanfaat terhadap guru dan siswa Maka pihak sekolah mengharapkan adanya kegiatan lanjutan agar siswa dapat mendalami dunia digital secara maksimal.
Media Pembelajaran Pobiqobra Berbasis Blended Learning untuk Meningkatan Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar Siswa MAN 3 Jombang
Authors: Tholib M.
Published: April 2022

This study aims to describe the impact of the application of blended learning-based "Pobiqobra" media on students' motivation and mathematics learning outcomes at MAN 3 Jombang.. The learning media "Pobiqobra" is applied by combining direct face-to-face learning combined with online learning, namely by using powerpoint media, learning blogs, quipper and short geogebra with "Pobiqobra". This study used descriptive qualitative method. The research subjects were students of class XI MIPA 4 at MA Negeri 3 Jombang, totaling 35 people. This research instrument uses a questionnaire and the data collected is analyzed qualitatively. The results of this study indicate that there is a positive impact on the high motivation and learning outcomes of students by applying the Pobiqobra learning media. The results of student questionnaire analysis on learning Mathematics are 86% of students feel happy and 98% say the learning media used is very effective and satisfying.
Analisis Pengaruh Media Pembelajaran dan Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Terhadap Hasil Belajar PAI SMP Islam Al-Ashriyah
Authors: Zinnurain Zinnurain
Published: April 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of learning media and creative thinking skills on learning outcomes of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) at Al-Ashriyah Sesela Islamic Middle School. The research method used in this study is an experimental with a treatment design by level 2x2. The instrument used was a questionnaire. The research subjects were students of class VII A and B of Islamic Middle School Al-Ashriyah Sesela, totaling 36 students. Divided into two classes with different learning media, 18 people with interactive learning media and 18 people with conventional media. Samples were taken using a multi-stage random sampling technique. The results of the research are: (1) From learning the Educational Communication System, students who use interactive learning media are higher than those who use conventional learning media; (2) There is an interaction between learning media and creative thinking skills on the learning outcomes of Islamic Religious Education (PAI); (3) Students with high creative thinking skills, the group of students who learn to use interactive learning media is higher than the group of students who learn to use conventional learning media. (4) For students with low creative thinking skills, the group of students who learn to use interactive learning media is lower than the group of students who learn to use conventional learning media.
Meningkatkan Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Umkm Pada Era New Normal Melalui Pemberian Insentif Pajak, Peningkatan Kondisi Keuangan Dan Kesadaran Pajak
Authors: Riyanti Budi , Sudarmawanti Erna
Published: April 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic has put tremendous pressure on people, resulting in a decrease in people's purchasing power and a decrease in their ability to fulfill their tax obligations, including the MSME sector. In the context of PEN, the government provides various policies for MSMEs, namely by providing DTP tax incentives, it is hoped that by providing tax incentives, MSMEs can still survive during the pandemic so that in the new normal era, MSME financial conditions will become more stable and can fulfill their tax obligations. However, without being based on high tax awareness, even though financial conditions are stable, MSME taxpayer compliance will be difficult to realize. The purpose of this study is to examine how the effect of providing tax incentives, financial conditions and tax awareness on MSME taxpayer compliance in the new normal era. This study uses a population of MSMEs in Salatiga City with a sample of 100 MSMEs that have taken advantage of tax incentives. Purposive sampling method was used to determine respondents. The data used is primary data with quantitative analysis techniques. Hypothesis testing using multiple regression analysis. The data is processed with the help of the statistical package for social science (SPSS) for windows. The results of the study show that tax incentives and tax awareness have a positive effect on MSME taxpayer compliance, while financial conditions have no effect on MSME taxpayer compliance in the new normal era. Although tax incentives have not been able to improve the financial condition of MSMEs in the new normal era, but tax incentives are considered quite effective in supporting the PEN program launched by the government of their tax obligation.
Pengaruh Dana Alokasi Umum, Pendapatan Asli Daerah dan Dana Alokasi Khusus terhadap Kemiskinan dengan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi sebagai Variabel Intervening Tahun 2015-2019
Authors: Panggabean Helena Louise , Hariani Danarti , B A. Yanuar
Published: April 2022

Poverty is an important indicator to see  the welfare of a country. Papua is a province in Indonesia that has the highest number of poor people. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that influence the level of poverty in Papua Province, so that it can be a reference for the government in efforts to overcome poverty, especially in Papua. This study uses quantitative research methods and uses secondary data obtained from the annual report of the Province, the Director General of Balance, Ministry of Finance, and BPS Papua Province. The data analysis used is panel data regression analysis. The results show that there is a significant effect of General Allocation Fund and Special Allocation Fund on Economic Growth, while Regional Original Income does not have a significant effect on Economic Growth. Other results also show that Economic Growth, Regional Original Income, and Special Allocation Funds have a significant effect on poverty, while the General Allocation Fund does not have a direct effect on poverty. The results of the mediation test show that economic growth is not able to mediate the relationship between the variables of the General Allocation Fund, Regional Original Income and the Special Allocation Fund on Poverty.
Insurgency, Political Risk, and Foreign Direct Investment Inflows in Nigeria: A Sectorial Analysis
Authors: Danjuma Iyaji
Published: April 2022

This study examines, among others, the effect of terrorism, political violence, corruption, and religious tension on FDI inflows to the banking, construction, manufacturing, oil and gas, and telecommunication sectors in Nigeria. Thus, empirical models were estimated using the fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) technique. The study spans from 2008Q1 to 2017Q4. Findings show that terrorism adversely affects FDI inflow to telecommunication sector, while corruption positively impacts on the oil and gas sector. Thus, this study among other things, recommends the intensification of effort in the war against terrorism and strengthening of relevant anti-graft agencies to adequately fight corruption in Nigeria in other to enhance the country’s attractiveness to FDI inflow.
Monetary Policy Transmission and Bank Interest Rates in Nigeria
Authors: Eleam Victor E. , Ekwom Chinyelu G. , Ariolu Chibueze C. , Umebali Chukwubuzo J. , Balogun Adewale T.
Published: April 2022

The paper examines the adjustment of retail and money market interest rates to changes in discount corridor of the monetary policy in Nigeria. A vector error correction model was adopted for this study, using monthly data from 2007:06 to 2019:12. We further accounted for structural breaks in the dataset to improve its policy reliability. The adjustment parameters were found to be significant but with slow speed of adjustment. This finding provides evidence of the weakness of the discount corridor in monetary policy transmission in Nigeria. Furthermore, the results showed no asymmetric adjustment of retail rates to long run equilibria. Lastly, the study found that the deposit rates respond inversely to changes in the standing lending facility. The results imply that the transmission of policy signals through the standing facility rates is not strong, and that raising the standing lending facility will not induce a rise in banks’ deposit rates.
BALANCE SCORECARD : ANALISIS KEPEMIMPINAN, MOTIVASI DAN KEPUASAN KERJA PERAWAT DENGAN KINERJA RUMAH SAKIT
Authors: Jainurakhma Janes
Published: April 2022

Abstract

The spirit of work in employees arised when the love of work is high, and it was formed because of motivation and job satisfaction in the employee, in addition to the existence of a leadership style that’s able to provide comfort to employees in work. The study's goal was to analyze nurses' leadership relationships, motivation and job satisfaction with hospital performance using the balance scorecard approach at Gatoel Mojokerto Hospital. The design of this research is crossectional analytics. These variables are leadership, motivation, and job satisfaction as independent variables and hospital performance as dependent variable. The population of this study are all nurses in Gatoel Hospital Mojokerto City as many as 138 nurses. The sample was taken with a simple random sampling technique as many as 102 respondents. The data was collected with a questionnaire instrument and tested with the rho spearman test. The results showed the p value al of independent variables showed a value = 0.00 so that the value of p value < 0.05 then this shows that there is a relationship between independent variables (leadership, motivation, and job satisfaction of nurses) with variable dependent (performance). To maximize the achievement of the implementation of balanced scorecard as part of the management control system, hospital management should not only take measurements but also look at supporting factors and obstacles in each indicator so that further efforts can be made to the existence of the main performance indicators.
The effectiveness of physical activity on blood pressure of hypertension patients: a literature study of 16 randomised controlled trial
Authors: Qodir Abdul
Published: April 2022

Peningkatan tekanan darah merupakan faktor risiko utama penyakit jantung koroner, strok, gagal jantung kongestif, dan penyakit gagal ginjal kronis. Aktifitas fisik 30-40 menit, 3-4 kali/minggu dengan intensitas sedang sampai berat berpontensi menurunkan tekanan darah. Tujuan dari studi pustaka ini adalah untuk mendiskusikan bukti terbaru mengenai peran aktivitas fisik dalam penurunan tekanan darah sistolik. Desain penelitian menggunakan studi literatur. Pencarian artikel menggunakan database antara lain Pubmed, google scholar, sciencedirect, dan springer. Kata kunci yang digunakan adalah "physical activity"; "blood pressure"; hypertension. Artikel yang digunakan adalah 10 tahun terakhir diatas tahun 2012. Jumlah artikel yang diperoleh 5,507 (429 dari Pubmed, 993 dari google scholar, 2.174 dari sciencedirect, dan 1.911 dari springer). setelah diseleksi secara manual yang meliputi duplikat dan kriteria inklusi menggunakan PICOS framework. Hasil yang didapatkan berjumlah 16 artikel dengan desain Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT). Aktifitas fisik dengan waktu lebih dari 30-60 menit, frekuensi 3-5 kali/minggu, intensitas sedang sampai dengan berat, jenis aktifitas fisik aerobik, isometric resistance, Dynamic resistance terbukti dapat menurunkan tekanan darah sistolik.
Analysis In Handling The Socioeconomic Condition Of Scholarship Students Affected By The Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Nugrohowati Nunuk , Theresia Ria Maria , Kristanti Melly
Published: April 2022

The current state of the socioeconomic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is an obstacle on the families of scholarship students, which affects their living conditions. This research was urgent to find a way to overcome the problem. The objective was to find an approach after analyzing the socioeconomic conditions of university's scholarship students. From previous research, some students had socioeconomic problems with the working conditions of the father being a laborer, while the mother is not working, the average total income of parents was Rp. 2.000.000 or US. $ 140/month, while respondents with an allowance of less than IDR 1.000.000 or US. $ 70 / month. The survey was conducted on campus right before The Large-Scale Social Restrictions was implemented in Jakarta. Data was collected by interviewing 114 respondents, analyzed with descriptive quantitative and qualitative. The quota load fee needed for online learning is a problem for them. The results obtained that some students suggested adjusting to the existing conditions and facilities, some others wanted their scholarship allowance to increase. In contrast, others needed the main quota subsidy in the form of the general phone quota. All these can be used as a policy strategy for handling the problem of affected scholarship students during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Implementation of Lean Management to Reduce Waste in Hemodialization Installation of QIM Batang Hospital
Authors: Kusdarmadji Kusdarmadji , Pribadi Firman , Permana Iman
Published: April 2022

Hospitals are efficient if they can use all available resources to produce something without leaving unwanted things. The purpose of the study was to determine the application of lean management in reducing waste in the Hemodialysis Installation of Qolbu Insan Mulia Hospital (QIM) Batang. This study uses a qualitative method with an Action Research research design whose results are presented narratively. The findings of this study indicate that there are three highest wastes, namely: waiting for waste (26%), motion waste (18%), and Defect waste (16%). There is a problem with waste waiting caused by a lack of human resources, in this case, the number of nurses, motion waste is caused by the movement of nurses who are too frequent in order to carry out inspections of patients undergoing HD and the large number of movements caused by inspections still using the manual method, and a waste defect found that HD failure was caused by anemia. Furthermore, there are efforts to reduce waste waiting, waste motion, and waste defect in the Hemodialysis Installation of Qim Hospital, Qolbu Insan Mulia Hospital (QIM).
Relation between socio-demographic factors and professionalism among nurses in Saudi Arabia: A comparative analysis
Authors: Alshumrani Hussein , Albagawi Bander , Villareal Sandro , Areola Jr Benito , Albaqawi Hamdan , Algamdi Saleh , Alerwi Abdulrahman , Altheban Ahmed Saad , Alanazi Seham
Published: April 2022

Background: Analyzing how nurses handle professionalism in their careers will help all concerned individuals identify areas of concern to develop and enhance further to achieve or maintain a high degree of professionalism.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the level of professionalism among nurses and its differences according to socio-demographic characteristics.
Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional approach was utilized in three significant regions of Saudi Arabia. A simple random sampling technique was employed with 305 respondents, resulting in a 95.9% response rate. A Google Form survey was used to collect the data between January and April 2021.
Results: Nurses perceived themselves highly in professional organization (Mean = 3.94, SD = 0.17), belief in public service (Mean = 3.91, SD = 0.22), belief in self-regulation (Mean = 3.97, SD = 0.08), sense of calling (Mean = 4.01, SD = 0.13), and belief in autonomy (Mean = 3.71, SD = 0.15). There was no significant difference between gender and professional organization, belief in public service, self-regulation, or belief in autonomy. Still, there was a significant difference in belief in public service (t = 2.794; p = 0.006) and sense of calling (t = 4.290; p = 0.001). As to age, only belief in self-regulation was significant (t = 5.984; p = 0.003). Moreover, the educational qualifications reached an insignificant difference in professionalism. Conversely, the type of facility has been found to have reached significant differences with a professional organization (F = 3.057; p = 0.029), belief in public service (F = 4.130; p = 0.007), beliefs in regulation (F = 3.452; p = 0.017), sense of calling (F = 3.211; p = 0.023), and belief in autonomy (F = 5.995; p = 0.001). Lastly, the current position found no significant difference in professionalism.
Conclusion: Nurses in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia perceived themselves as highly professional, and male nurses were found to have a sense of calling more than their female counterparts. Age, educational qualification, and current position had no significant difference in professionalism. Conversely, the type of facility had a significant difference with the belief in autonomy. These findings support and sustain the role of nurses in this 21st-century health care that is significantly needed to provide the most quality care.
Children’s psychosocial state after the 2018 Lombok earthquake
Authors: Saleh Ariyanti , Keliat Budi Anna , Susanti Herni , Windarwati Heni Dwi , Rahman Framita , Sapoan Ahmad , Arifuddin Fitrawati
Published: April 2022

Background: The current earthquake disaster in Lombok, Indonesia, in July 2018 has caused 564 deaths, and 445.343 were evacuated to refugee camps, including children. Disasters have the potential in resulting short-and long-term effects on the psychological functioning, emotional adjustment, health, and developmental trajectory of children. Nurses play a significant role when a disaster occurs. One of the nurses’ roles is to give a traumatic healing intervention to the victims
Objective: This study sought to assess children’s psychosocial state after the 2018 Lombok earthquake.
Methods: A total of 189 children from five regencies in Lombok were selected to participate in the study using accidental sampling. Data were collected using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Descriptive statistics and cross-tabulation were used for data analysis.
Results: The participants consisted of 98 girls (51.9%) and 91 boys (48.1%), with the majority (n = 142 [75.1%]) being from school-aged children. The SDQ results showed that most of the children were at the abnormal stage for difficulties (n = 103 [54.5%]), and most of them were at a normal stage for strength (n = 97 [51.3%]). The cross-tabulation analysis revealed that gender might influence the SDQ score for the strength (p = 0.034), but not for difficulties (p = 0.482). However, age did not have a correlation with SDQ score, either for strength (p = 0.475) or difficulties (p = 0.836), respectively.
Conclusion: The study found that children in Lombok generally displayed positive behavior and emotional progress after the earthquake. However, some children remained in distress and thus required more observation from parents or other social welfare agencies. This research may help nurses decide on their nursing care for children who experience disasters.
Bilingual Instruction and Political Discrimination of Ethnic Outgroups: Evidence from a Natural Experiment in Malaysia
Authors: Siow Jeremy
Published: April 2022

Why do some individuals discriminate against ethnic outgroups more than others in the political space? This article argues that variation in political prejudice against ethnic outgroups may be explained by a person’s language training in school. Specifically, individuals who received bilingual instruction should display less political discrimination against outgroup members than those who received monolingual instruction. By promoting the acquisition of a second language, bilingual education facilitates the cognitive development of perspective-taking ability, which in turn should foster more inclusive political attitudes. I find support for this argument through an investigation of an education reform in Malaysia, where affected Malay students experienced a mixture of English and mother tongue instruction while the rest were taught only in their native language. The evidence also points to the possibility of bilingual education as a compensatory avenue to narrow the perspective-taking ability gap between those who were raised in monolingual and bilingual families.
Regenerative Medicine Therapy in Malaysia: An Update
Authors: Imran Siti A. M. , M. Hamizul M. Haikal Aiman , Khairul Bariah Ahmad Amin Noordin , Wan Kamarul Zaman Wan Safwani , Nordin Fazlina
Published: April 2022

Regenerative medicine is a field in medicine that relates to the ability to correct congenital anomalies and to repair or replace tissues and organs that have been destroyed by age, disease, or trauma. To date, promising preclinical and clinical data supported the possibility of using regenerative medicine to treat both chronic diseases and acute insults, as well as maladies affecting a wide range of organ systems and contexts, such as dermal wounds, cardiovascular diseases and traumas, cancer treatments, and more. One of the regenerative medicine therapies that have been used widely is stem cells. Stem cells, especially mesenchymal and hematopoietic stem cells, play an important role in treating chronic diseases, such as leukemia, bone marrow, autoimmune disease, and urinary problems. Despite considerable advancements in stem cell biology, their applications are limited by ethical concerns about embryonic stem cells, tumor development, and rejection. Nevertheless, many of these constraints, are being overcome, which could lead to significant advancements in disease management. This review discusses the current developments and advancements of regenerative medicine therapy (RMT) advancements in Malaysia compared to other Asian countries. The limitations in the application of RMT are also highlighted.
Catalytic Features and Thermal Adaptation Mechanisms of a Deep Sea Bacterial Cutinase-Type Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) Hydrolase
Authors: Liu Yu , Liu Chen , Liu Huan , Zeng Qi , Tian Xinpeng , Long Lijuan , Yang Jian
Published: April 2022

Poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) plastic is chemically inert and persistent. Massive quantities of PET waste end up in landfill sites and oceans, posing major global pollution concerns. PET degrading enzymes with high efficiency provide plastic recycling and bioremediation possibilities. Here, we report a novel cutinase, MtCut with distinct catalytic behaviors, derived from the deep sea Nocardiopsaceae family strain. Biochemical analyses showed MtCut efficiently hydrolyzed PET at ambient temperatures and in an exo-type manner. The activity and stability of MtCut were enhanced by the addition of calcium ions. Notably, no hydrolysis products inhibition was observed during PET depolymerization, suggesting MtCut is a better biocatalyst when compared to other PET hydrolases. In addition, structural components associated with thermal adaptation were investigated using molecular dynamic (MD) simulations, and key regions regulating MtCut thermostability were identified. Our biochemical and structural analyses of MtCut deepen the understanding of PET hydrolysis by cutinases, and provide invaluable insights on improvement and performance engineering strategies for PET-degrading biocatalysts.
The Use of a Replicating Virus Vector For in Planta Generation of Tobacco Mosaic Virus Nanorods Suitable For Metallization
Authors: Saunders Keith , Thuenemann Eva C. , Shah Sachin N. , Peyret Hadrien , Kristianingsih Ruth , Lopez Sergio G. , Richardson Jake , Lomonossoff George P.
Published: April 2022

The production of designer-length tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) nanorods in plants has been problematic in terms of yields, particularly when modified coat protein subunits are incorporated. To address this, we have investigated the use of a replicating potato virus X-based vector (pEff) to express defined length nanorods containing either wild-type or modified versions of the TMV coat protein. This system has previously been shown to be an efficient method for producing virus-like particles of filamentous plant viruses. The length of the resulting TMV nanorods can be controlled by varying the length of the encapsidated RNA. Nanorod lengths were analyzed with a custom-written Python computer script coupled with the Nanorod UI user interface script, thereby generating histograms of particle length. In addition, nanorod variants were produced by incorporating coat protein subunits presenting metal-binding peptides at their C-termini. We demonstrate the utility of this approach by generating nanorods that bind colloidal gold nanoparticles.
Sustainable Green University: Waste Auditing, German Jordanian University as a Case Study
Authors: Hindiyeh Muna , Jaradat Mustafa , Albatayneh Aiman , Alabdellat Batool , Al-Mitwali Yazan , Hammad Bashar
Published: April 2022

In order to get on the path of sustainable development as a society as a whole, a great transformation is required. Universities are embedded in society and networked with it through various forms of interaction; they influence social discourses and often have a decisive influence on them. As educational institutions, universities have to take a critical stance on the state of our earth and actively fulfill their responsibility. The German Jordanian University (GJU), like any other university, produces solid and hazardous waste. A waste audit was done to identify the waste streams and the opportunities for reinforcing waste reduction, recycling, and composition while enhancing the comprehensive sustainability of a waste management program. The results showed that an average of 2,500 kg of waste was produced per week. The composition of the waste generated at the GJU main campus was 1,051 kg (41%) for paper and cardboard, 875 kg (35%) for plastics, 325 kg (13%) for biowaste, and 275 kg for other wastes. The performed UI GreenMetric showed high potential in the programs to reduce the use of paper and plastic on campus and the treatment of toxic waste with a score of 75 points. The results of this study indicate high potential in the recycling program for university waste, organic and inorganic waste treatment, and sewage disposal. The results for these indicators were moderate, a score of 75 points out of 300 points. Thus, more focus and actions should be placed on these indicators to enhance a sustainable green campus.
A Genomic Signature Reflecting Fibroblast Infiltration Into Gastric Cancer Is Associated With Prognosis and Treatment Outcomes of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Lu Yi , Li Dan , Cao Yixin , Ying Leqian , Tao Qing , Xiong Fen , Hu Zhangmin , Yang Yufei , Qiao Xuehan , Peng Chen , Zhu Dongqin , Wang Deqiang , Li Xiaoqin
Published: April 2022

Background: The immunotherapy efficacy in gastric cancer (GC) is limited. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) induce primary resistance to immunotherapy. However, CAF infiltration in tumors is difficult to evaluate due to the lack of validated and standardized quantified methods. This study aimed to investigate the impact of infiltrating CAFs alternatively using fibroblast-associated mutation scoring (FAMscore).

Methods: In a GC cohort from Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University (AHJU), whole exon sequencing of genomic mutations, whole transcriptome sequencing of mRNA expression profiles, and immunofluorescence staining of tumor-infiltrating immune cells were performed. GC data from The Cancer Genome Atlas were used to identify genetic mutations which were associated with overall survival (OS) and impacted infiltrating CAF abundance determined by transcriptome-based estimation. FAMscore was then constructed through a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression model and further validated in AHJU. The predictive role of FAMscore for immunotherapy outcomes was tested in 1 GC, one melanoma, and two non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC-1 and -2) cohorts wherein participants were treated by immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Results: FAMscore was calculated based on a mutation signature consisting of 16 genes. In both TCGA and AHJU, a high FAMscore was an independent predictor for poor OS of GC patients. FAMscore was associated with immune-associated genome biomarkers, immune cell infiltration, and signaling pathways of abnormal immunity. Importantly, patients with high FAMscore presented inferiority in the objective response rate of immunotherapy compared to those with low FAMscore, with 14.6% vs. 66.7% (p<0.001) in GC, 19.6% vs. 68.2% (p<0.001) in NSCLC-1, 23.1% vs 75% (p = 0.007) in NSCLC-2, and 40.9% vs 75% (p = 0.037) in melanoma. For available survival data, a high FAMscore was also an independent predictor of poor progression-free survival in NSCLC-1 (HR = 2.55, 95% CI: 1.16–5.62, p = 0.02) and NSCLC-2 (HR = 5.0, 95% CI: 1.13–22.19, p = 0.034) and poor OS in melanoma (HR = 3.48, 95% CI: 1.27–9.55, p = 0.015).

Conclusions: Alternative evaluation of CAF infiltration in GC by determining the FAMscore could independently predict prognosis and immunotherapy outcomes. The FAMscore may be used to optimize patient selection for immunotherapy.
Chitosan Oligosaccharides Regulate the Occurrence and Development of Enteritis in a Human Gut-On-a-Chip
Authors: Jing Bolin , Xia Kun , Zhang Chen , Jiao Siming , Zhu Limeng , Wei Jinhua , Wang Zhuo A. , Chen Nannan , Tu Pengfei , Li Jianjun , Du Yuguang
Published: April 2022

Past studies on the protective effects of chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) commonly rely on animal models, because traditional cell culture systems couldn’t faithfully mimic human intestinal physiology. Here a novel human gut-on-a-chip microsystem was established to further explore the regulatory effects of COS on the occurrence and development of human enteritis. By constructing an intestinal injury model caused by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) on the chip, this study proved that COS can reduce intestinal epithelial injury by promoting the expression of the mucous layer for the first time. By establishing an inflammatory bowel disease model on the chip caused by E. coli 11775, this study demonstrated that COS can protect the intestinal epithelial barrier and vascular endothelial barrier by inhibiting the adhesion and invasion of E. coli 11775 for the first time. In addition, similar to the results in vivo, COS can decrease the inflammatory response by reducing the expression of toll-like receptor 4 protein and reducing the nuclear DNA binding rate of nuclear factor kappa-B protein on this chip. In summary, COS can be used as a potential drug to treat human IBD and the human gut-on-a-chip would be used as a platform for quick screening drugs to treat human IBD in future.
Functions of Arp2/3 Complex in the Dynamics of Epithelial Tissues
Authors: Martin Emmanuel , Suzanne Magali
Published: April 2022

Epithelia are sheets of cells that communicate and coordinate their behavior in order to ensure their barrier function. Among the plethora of proteins involved in epithelial dynamics, actin nucleators play an essential role. The branched actin nucleation complex Arp2/3 has numerous functions, such as the regulation of cell-cell adhesion, intracellular trafficking, the formation of protrusions, that have been well described at the level of individual cells. Here, we chose to focus on its role in epithelial tissue, which is rising attention in recent works. We discuss how the cellular activities of the Arp2/3 complex drive epithelial dynamics and/or tissue morphogenesis. In the first part, we examined how this complex influences cell-cell cooperation at local scale in processes such as cell-cell fusion or cell corpses engulfment. In the second part, we summarized recent papers dealing with the impact of the Arp2/3 complex at larger scale, focusing on different morphogenetic events, including cell intercalation, epithelial tissue closure and epithelial folding. Altogether, this review highlights the central role of Arp2/3 in a diversity of epithelial tissue reorganization.
Multiple Poses and Thermodynamics of Ligands Targeting Protein Surfaces: The Case of Furosemide Binding to mitoNEET in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Hoang Linh Gia , Goßen Jonas , Capelli Riccardo , Nguyen Toan T. , Sun Zhaoxi , Zuo Ke , Schulz Jörg B. , Rossetti Giulia , Carloni Paolo
Published: April 2022

Human NEET proteins, such as NAF-1 and mitoNEET, are homodimeric, redox iron-sulfur proteins characterized by triple cysteine and one histidine-coordinated [2Fe-2S] cluster. They exist in an oxidized and reduced state. Abnormal release of the cluster is implicated in a variety of diseases, including cancer and neurodegeneration. The computer-aided and structure-based design of ligands affecting cluster release is of paramount importance from a pharmaceutical perspective. Unfortunately, experimental structural information so far is limited to only one ligand/protein complex. This is the X-ray structure of furosemide bound to oxidized mitoNEET. Here we employ an enhanced sampling approach, Localized Volume-based Metadynamics, developed by some of us, to identify binding poses of furosemide to human mitoNEET protein in solution. The binding modes show a high variability within the same shallow binding pocket on the protein surface identified in the X-ray structure. Among the different binding conformations, one of them is in agreement with the crystal structure’s one. This conformation might have been overstabilized in the latter because of the presence of crystal packing interactions, absent in solution. The calculated binding affinity is compatible with experimental data. Our protocol can be used in a straightforward manner in drug design campaigns targeting this pharmaceutically important family of proteins.
A Red-Emitting COF Ionic Exchanged With Green-Emitting Tb(III) Complex Anion: Synthesis, Characterization, Ratiometric Emission Sensing, and Removal of Picric Acid
Authors: Xu Ming , Wang Li-Le , Chen Gang , Chen Yin-Yun , Liu Dan , Liao Jiang-Tao
Published: April 2022

Picric acid (PA) is an important chemical product which has been widely used in dye manufacturing, antiseptics, and pharmaceuticals. Owing to PA’s extreme electron-deficient structure, its natural degradation is hard, leading to accumulation in the environment and finally threatening the ecosystem and human health. In this case, PA detection and removal becomes more and more important, concerning environmental protection and human health. In this study, an ionic covalent organic framework (I-COF) was synthesized and modified with a luminescent Tb(III) emitter (Tb(DPA)33-, DPA = pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid), via ionic exchange. The resulting composite material (Tb-COF) was fully characterized by geometric analysis, IR, XRD, porosity analysis, SEM/TEM, and elemental analysis. It was found that Tb(DPA)33- was loaded into the hexagonal cage in an I-COF host with an ionic exchange ratio of 41%. The as-synthesized Tb-COF showed weak Tb(III) emission and strong red COF emission, after adding PA, Tb(III) emission was increased whereas COF emission weakened greatly, showing sensing behavior. Linear working curves were observed with good selectivity. The sensing mechanism was revealed as follows. PA molecules replaced the [Tb(PDA)3]3- component trapped in Tb-COF, releasing free luminescent [Tb(PDA)3]3-. After incorporating PA in the hexagonal cage, the COF emission was quenched. This sensing mechanism ensured a good selectivity over competing species, including cations, anions, and nitrocompounds. The adsorption and removal performance of I-COF for PA were investigated as well.
Environmental Peacebuilding and Solar Geoengineering
Authors: Buck Holly Jean
Published: April 2022

Solar geoengineering, or reflecting incoming sunlight to cool the planet, has been viewed by international relations and governance scholars as an approach that could exacerbate conflict. It has not been examined through the framework of environmental peacebuilding, which examines how and when environmental challenges can lead to cooperation rather than conflict. This article argues that scholars should treat the link between solar geoengineering and conflict as a hypothesis rather than a given, and evenly examine both hypotheses: that solar geoengineering could lead to conflict, and that it could lead to peace. The article examines scenarios in which geoengineering may lead to negative peace—peace defined as the absence of conflict—and then applies a theoretical framework developed by environmental peacebuilding scholars to look at how solar geoengineering could relate to three trajectories of environmental peacebuilding. A peace lens for solar geoengineering matters for research and policy right now, because focusing narrowly on conflict in both research and policy might miss opportunities to understand and further scenarios for environmental peacebuilding. The paper concludes with suggestions for how research program managers, funders, and policymakers could incorporate environmental peacebuilding aims into their work.
Hydrophobic Outer Membrane Pores Boost Testosterone Hydroxylation by Cytochrome P450 BM3 Containing Cells
Authors: Bertelmann Carolin , Mock Magdalena , Koch Rainhard , Schmid Andreas , Bühler Bruno
Published: April 2022

The implementation of biocatalytic steroid hydroxylation processes at an industrial scale still suffers from low conversion rates. In this study, we selected variants of the self-sufficient cytochrome P450 monooxygenase BM3 from Bacillus megaterium (BM3) for the hydroxylation of testosterone either at the 2β- or 15β-position. Recombinant Escherichia coli cells were used as biocatalysts to provide a protective environment for recombinant enzymes and to ensure continuous cofactor recycling via glucose catabolism. However, only low initial whole-cell testosterone conversion rates were observed for resting cells. Results obtained with different biocatalyst formats (permeabilized cells, cell-free extracts, whole cells) indicated a limitation in substrate uptake, most likely due to the hydrophilic character of the outer membrane of E. coli. Thus, we co-expressed nine genes encoding hydrophobic outer membrane proteins potentially facilitating steroid uptake. Indeed, the application of four candidates led to increased initial testosterone hydroxylation rates. Respective whole-cell biocatalysts even exceeded activities obtained with permeabilized cells or cell-free extracts. The highest activity of 34 U gCDW−1 was obtained for a strain containing the hydrophobic outer membrane protein AlkL from Pseudomonas putida GPo1 and the BM3 variant KSA14m. Overall, we show that the straightforward application of hydrophobic outer membrane pores can boost whole-cell steroid conversion rates and thus be game-changing with regard to industrial steroid production efficiency.
Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis for Postpartum Deep Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Girona Miguel , Säly Christoph , Makaloski Vladimir , Baumgartner Iris , Schindewolf Marc
Published: April 2022

Venous thromboembolism is a major concern during pregnancy as well as in the postpartum period. In acute proximal deep venous thrombosis, endovascular recanalization with locally administered thrombolytic agents has evolved as therapeutic alternative to anticoagulation alone. However, data on the bleeding risk of thrombolysis in the postpartum period is limited. We addressed the key clinical question of safety outcomes of catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) in the peri- and postpartum period. Therefore, we performed a non-exhaustive literature review and illustrated the delicate management of a patient with postpartum acute iliofemoral thrombosis treated with CDT and endovascular revascularization with thrombectomy, balloon angioplasty and stenting.
Deletion of MicroRNA-21 Impairs Neovascularization Following Limb Ischemia: From Bedside to Bench
Authors: Chang Wei-Ting , Lin Yu-Wen , Huang Po-Sen , Lin You-Cheng , Tseng Shih-Ya , Chao Ting-Hsing , Chen Zhih-Cherng , Shih Jhih-Yuan , Hong Chon-Seng
Published: April 2022

With an increasing prevalence, peripheral arterial disease (PAD), cause by atherosclerosis is a new threat to public health beyond coronary artery disease and involves aberrant vascular endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis. The degree of vascular remodeling is influenced by the processes described. MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) has been found to play a critical role in cellular functions, including angiogenesis. Nevertheless, the effect of miR-21 on endothelial cells in response to hypoxia is largely unknown. Using wild-type C57BL/6J and miR-21–/– mice, we compared the capability of angiogenesis in response to hindlimb hypoxic/ischemia. In an in vitro study, we further studied whether overexpression of miR-21 mitigates hypoxia-induced apoptosis and impaired angiogenesis. Also, we prospectively collected the sera of patients with limb ischemia and followed the clinical information, including major adverse limb events (MALEs). Using laser Doppler perfusion imaging and CD31 staining, compared with miR-21–/– mice, wild-type mice expressed a significantly higher capability of angiogenesis and less apoptosis following 28 days of hindlimb hypoxic/ischemic surgery. In our in vitro study, after 24 h of hypoxia, proliferation, migration, and tube formation were significantly impaired in cells treated with the miR-21 inhibitor but rescued by the miR-21 mimic. Mechanistically, by suppressing PTEN/PI3K/AKT, miR-21 promoted angiogenesis and suppressed apoptosis in endothelial cells post hypoxia. In patients with limb ischemia, the high expression of circulating miR-21 was associated with less subsequent MALE. Collectively, miR-21 could be a biomarker associated with the endogenous ability of angiogenesis and reflect subsequent MALE in patients. Additionally, abolishing miR-21 impairs angiogenesis and promotes apoptosis post limb ischemia. Further studies are required to elucidate the clinical applications of miR-21.
SGLT2 Inhibitors in Diabetic Patients With Cardiovascular Disease or at High Cardiovascular Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Zhao Zinan , Jin Pengfei , Zhang Yatong , Hu Xin , Tian Chao , Liu Deping
Published: April 2022

Objective

To investigate the effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in patients with diabetes with cardiovascular disease (CVD) or at high cardiovascular risk.

Design

Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Data sources

Pubmed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrial.gov from their inception to August 28, 2021.

Review methods

Randomized control trials (RCTs) assess the effects of SGLT2i in patients with diabetes with cardiovascular disease or at high cardiovascular risk. Primary outcomes included the composite outcome of cardiovascular death (CV death) and hospitalization for heart failure (HHF), HHF, and renal composite outcomes. Secondary outcomes included major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), CV death, all-cause mortality, and change from the baseline in HbA1c. Additionally, we assessed the effects of treatment in prespecified subgroups on the combined risk of primary and secondary outcomes. These subgroups were based on history of heart failure (HF), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) levels, and history of hypertension (HTN). A meta-analysis was carried out by using fixed effect models to calculate hazard ratio (HR) or mean difference (MD) between the SGLT2i administrated groups and the control groups.

Results

Four major studies (n = 42,568) were included. Primary outcomes showed that SGLT2i was associated with significantly lower risk of CV death/HHF (HR, 0.90; 95% confidence interval, 0.84 to 0.98; P for heterogeneity = 0.01), HHF (HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.73 to 0.98; p = 0.02), and renal composite outcomes (HR, 0.83; 95%CI, 0.74 to 0.92; p = 0.0007) in patients with diabetes with CVD or at high CV risk. Secondary outcome showed that the use of SGLT2i was associated with significant reduction of the HbA1c level (MD, −0.30; 95% CI, −0.36 to −0.23; p < 0.00001). In subgroup analyses, SGLT2i significantly reduced the risk of renal composite outcomes in patients without history of HF (HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.62 to 0.91; p = 0.003 < 0.025). No statistically significant differences were observed in other secondary outcomes and subgroup analyses.

Conclusions

The SGLT2i showed benefits on CV death/HHF, HHF, renal composite outcomes, and HbA1c reduction in patients with diabetes with CVD or at high CV risk. The benefits of improving renal composite outcomes were observed only in patients with diabetes without HF history.

Systematic Review Registration

PROSPERO CRD42021227400