bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of efficacy and safety of intravenous iron sucrose and intramuscular iron sorbitol therapy in patients with anemia during pregnancy in a developing country
Authors: Harsha Shailesh Gaikwad  , Anu Sindhu  , Nivedita Sarda
Published: January 2025

Background: Iron deficiency anemia due to poor nutritionis estimated to affect nearly two thirds ofall pregnant women in developing countriesparticularly in India. The responsible constellation of factors producing iron deficiency anemia generally precede the pregnancy, which includedeficient diet in iron content coupled with menstrual losses,generally a rapid succession of pregnancies and inadequate supplemental iron are a few to be blamed for a high incidence of anemia in such population.
Aims and Objectives: To compare the efficacy and safety of iron sucrose versus iron sorbitol therapy in pregnant anemic patients.
Material and Methods: Two-hundred antenatal women attending the out patient department having hemoglobin levels of 8 gm% or less were recruited in the study and were randomized into two groups for receiving intravenous and intramuscular iron therapy.
Results and Conclusions: There was a significant improvement in the haematologicalparameters and no major side effects developed in the intravenous iron sucrose group.Though there was a significant improvement in the haematological parameters after intramuscular iron sorbitol therapy also butnone of the cases reached the target level of haemoglobinduring the observation period.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(5) 2017 31-35
Integron in Gram negative bacteria: Classes and fitness cost
Authors: Alamri Aisha
Published: January 2025

Bacteria intrinsically harbor methods of gene exchange that are distinct from those in eukaryotes, but subject to natural selection laws. Dissemination of antimicrobial resistance is one of the major consequences of gene exchange ability. Bacterial genomes have the ability to undergo evolutionary changes within specified time frame resulting on an exceptional diversity, especially, under strong selection pressure. One of the most important elements of antimicrobial resistance are integrons which serve as a platform for gene cassettes integration and expression.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(6) 2017 1-4
Eight decades of asymptomatic Morgagni Hernia
Authors: Robin George Manappallil  , Mele Chelakkoth Sabir  , Shameemu Rahman
Published: January 2025

NO ABSTRACT
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(1) 2018 73-74
Tuber cinereum lipoma
Authors: Robin George Manappallil  , Pradeep Kumar VG  , Chinganthara Cleetus Suresh
Published: January 2025

No abstract
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(2) 2018 45-46
Normotensive HELLP syndrome in the midst of Dengue fever
Authors: Robin George Manappallil  , Sithara Surendran  , Anoop Kumar  , Ganga Prasad
Published: January 2025

HELLP syndrome is a life threatening complication of pregnancy, characterized by haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelet counts. Preeclampsia is a risk factor for developing HELLP. However, some patients can have HELLP in the absence of elevated blood pressure. Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne viral infection characterized by fever, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia, and bleeding manifestations. This is a case of a young primigravida who presented with dengue fever and was found to have an associated normotensive HELLP syndrome.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(2) 2018 40-42
Collision tumor of ovary: A rare entity
Authors: Diksha Karki  , Smriti Karki  , Purbesh Adhikari  , Mona Dahal  , Milan Adhikari  , Bindu Adhikari
Published: January 2025

Collision tumors are composed of two histologically distinct neoplasms in the same organ without intermixture of cell types. The co-occurrence of a serous adenocarcinoma with a mature cystic teratoma is very rare. We present here the case of a 48 years married female with bilateral high grade serous carcinoma of the ovary with left sided mature cystic teratoma.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(4) 2018 61-64
Ethanolic leaf extract of Ocimum gratissimum ameliorates methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity in albino rats
Authors: Adikwu Elias , Bonsome Bokolo
Published: January 2025

Background: Nephrotoxicity is a common adverse effect of methotrexate (MTX). Ocimum gratisimum (OG) has lots of phytochemical constituents with medicinal uses.
Aims and Objectives: This study assessed the benefit of ethanolic leaf extract of OG (EEOG) against a rat model of MTX-induced nephrotoxicity.
Materials and Methods: Fifty four adult albino rats randomized into 9 groups A-I of six rats per group were used for this study. Groups A and B were treated with water and corn oil as placebo and solvent control respectively. Groups C-E were treated with 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg of EEOG daily for 5 days. Group F was treated with 20mg/kg of EEOG MTX intraperiotoneally on the 5th day while groups G-I were orally pretreated with 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg of EEOG daily for 5days and 20 mg/kg EEOG of MTX on the 5th day 5. Rats were weighed, sacrificed and serum was extracted and evaluated for renal function parameters. Kidneys were excised and evaluated for oxidative stress indices and histology.
Results: Treatment with MTX did not produce significant (p>0.05) effects on body and kidney weights, however, creatinine, urea, uric acid, sodium, potassium chloride and bicarbonate and malondialdehyde levels were significantly (p<0.05) increased in MTX-treated rats when compared to control. Furthermore, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, total protein, and albumin levels were significantly (p<0.05) decreased in MTX-treated rats when compared to control. However, MTX-induced nephrotoxic effects were significantly (p<0.05) abrogated in EEOG pretreated rats in a dose-dependent manner.
Conclusion: Ethanolic leaf extract of Ocimum gratissimum contains phytochemicals that could serve as remedy for methotrexate associated nephrotoxicity.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(5) 2018 37-43
Effects of quinine sulfate- an antimalarial drug on palatal growth in developing mice embryo: A histopathological study
Authors: Soubhagya Ranjan Nayak  , Latha V. Prabhu  , C. V. Raghuveer
Published: January 2025

Background: Malaria is one of the most common infectious and fatal diseases worldwide. Quinine sulfate is one of the antimalarial drug used to treat chloroquine resistant malaria and malaria falciparum.
Aims and Objectives: The present study was designed to assess its developmental defects on mice palate.
Materials and Methods: Thirty adult pregnant female Swiss albino mice were used in the present work. They were divided into five groups of six each. One control group (c) with 6 pregnant mice received normal saline orally from day 6 to 15 of gestation. Four treated groups of 6 pregnant mice each were formed. Treated groups T1, T2, T3 and T4 were administered Quinine sulfateorally with 50, 100, 200, 400 mg/kg bw/day from day 6 to 15 of gestation respectively.
Results: No palatal abnormalities were observed histologically in the control and T1 treated group. However, varying degrees of clefting of the palate, from failure of elevation of the palatal shelves to failure of fusion in the midline were observed in the Quinine sulfate treated groups (T2, T3 & T4).
Conclusion: Quinine sulfate induced defects in the developing palate in the present study by disturbing the process of palatogenesis, which is characterized by incomplete growth, elevation or fusion of the palatal shelves.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(5) 2018 31-36
Chemopreventive compounds from plant derived food and their bioactivity
Authors: Ablassé Rouamba  , Moussa Compaore  , Martin Kiendrebeogo
Published: January 2025

Terrestrial plants, especially higher plants, have a long history of use for the treatment of many human diseases such as ailment, cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disorders. Since then, many studies have been designed to evaluate biochemical properties of whole plant extract, fractions or isolated compounds. Several researches have established the relation between consumption of plant derived products to minimize the oxidative stress and diseases associated with stress. These beneficial biological properties on animal health has been attributed to certain classes of metabolites contents in plants including anthocyanins, flavonols, tannins, carotenoids, terpenoids, alkaloids and vitamins. The bioactivity of these compounds is due to their ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) or NOS or to modulate antioxidant enzymes expression. The devastating environmental pollution has burdened with numerous toxic chemicals of which biological compounds such as nucleic acid, proteins and membrane phospholipids were the potential targets leading to mutation, cell injury and death. The endogenous antioxidant systems falls prey in response to these toxic and deleterious oxidants and reactive oxygen species. In these conditions, exogenous chemopreventive compounds extracted from plant derived foods are required to maintain cell hemostasis. This review highlights the source and the chemopreventive mechanisms of genoprotective compounds from plant derived food.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(5) 2018 1-7
Launching of a new way for publishing rigorous and scholarly educational studies
Authors: Ozel Murat
Published: January 2025

In this editorial, it is with great pleasure that I welcome the readers of Educational Point to our first issue. My colleagues and I have newly founded the Educational Point journal, and I will serve as the founding editor. When we discussed the establishment of this journal among the editors, we intended to create a premier platform for disseminating research on educational studies for theory and practice. Thus, the journal will serve as a leading platform for all stakeholders to share outstanding research findings on various research topics in educational studies. In this editorial, I will summarize our objectives, the scope of the journal, and our goals for our readers.
Psychosocial experiences of left-handed children: Phenomenological study
Authors: Agegnehu Sewalem Tsega , Gebre Rahel
Published: January 2025

The study was intended to explore the psychosocial experiences of left-handed students in selected religious schools in Addis Ababa. A phenomenological qualitative research design was used to understand their experiences. An in-depth interview with sixteen left-handed students was conducted purposefully in four faith-based schools, and observation was employed and analyzed by Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis. The findings showed that left-handed children go through supportive and challenging experiences at home and in school settings. The supportive experiences were accepting, understanding, and encouraging left-handedness by various social members. However, the challenging experiences focus more on the repression of the left hand, and this repression is influenced by different religious and cultural beliefs, physical environment, and educational factors. These factors repress left-handers by ignoring their special needs, comparison with siblings, and forbidding performing different tasks using their left hand. Left-handed children also experience suggestions from different societies to practice using their right hands. Left-handed children were found to have particular experiences and feelings different from relatives and other societies. The study suggests that awareness raising about left-handedness and understanding of their unique experience and challenges helps to support left-handed children, among others, from bullying and teasing. Therefore, this study has implications for parents and the school community, educational training, and other initiatives that want to be involved, and the implications for further study were discussed.
Online synchronous learning through video conferencing: Perceptions and challenges of pre-service teachers
Authors: Korsah Daniel Paa , Gbormittah Daniel , Abdulai Issah Bala , Wireko-Ampem Justice Kwame
Published: January 2025

This research aimed to examine the extent to which pre-service teachers utilize video conferencing applications for learning purposes. It further sought to find the most used applications for video conferencing and the challenges that pre-service teachers are confronted with in the use of video conferencing for lectures. A multi-stage sampling method was employed to choose 340 participants for this research. A questionnaire and interview guide facilitated the collection of both quantitative and qualitative data for the study. The quantitative data was analyzed using frequency, percentages, mean, standard deviation, independent sample t-test, and one-way ANOVA, while the qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis with narrative discussion. The study found that most pre-service teachers mostly used the Zoom app for live video conferencing. However, the lack of internet data bundles remained the major challenge for students when they engaged in online video conferencing. Furthermore, the study revealed no significant difference in the readiness for online synchronous video conferencing lectures with respect to gender, age, and program of study. The study recommended the creation of academic online communities for every semester course and the institution of a minimum number of hours of online video conferencing for every semester course to promote blended learning in colleges of education. In light of the findings, practitioners do not require additional eLearning expertise and separate tools to implement online synchronous video conferencing lectures based on these demographic variables.
Implementing continuous assessment learning activities in Zimbabwean education system 5.0: An assessment of driving factors
Authors: Mwembe Desmond , Moyo Happiness
Published: January 2025

The paper explores the factors, observable and non-observable, influential in implementation of continuous assessment learning activities strategy in Zimbabwean education system 5.0. This is an activity-based assessment of learners and was reviewed since its inception. Most qualitative researched found the barriers to implementation of continuous assessment learning activities like resources, preparedness of schools and skill but not the relationship and intensity of the influence. A stratified random sampling method was applied in Zimbabwean education institutions that involved educators, parents and learners from primary, secondary and tertiary institutions. Structural equation modelling was conducted to assess the relationship between continuous assessment learning activities implementation and other latent variables. Prior to structural equation modelling, exploratory factor analysis was done. The results obtained from this statistical evaluation indicated that teacher motivation, parental support and child performance were positively related to continuous assessment learning activities implementation. Child performance had a mediation effect in that the relationship of teacher motivation and parental support increased when child performance was included. Respective influence of teacher motivation and parental support were 0.152 and 0.220. Inclusion of child performance increase influence to 0.493, a more than 100% increase in each case. The study therefore recommends a holistic approach to continuous assessment learning activities implementation but with more emphasis on improving child performance.
Accessory Cavitated Uterine Mass (ACUM) - A Rare Cause of Pelvic Pain in Young Women
Authors: Kaur Brinderjeet
Published: January 2025

Background: A rare Mullerian anomaly may be a cause of severe dysmenorrhea and recurrent pelvic pain not responding to medical management in young women.

Materials and Methods: We present a case report of a rare anomaly, accessory cavitated uterine mass (ACUM) / Uterine like mass managed successfully by laparoscopic resection of the uterine mass and suturing of the myometrial defect on uterus at our institute SDMH.

Results: ACUM or Accessory cavitated uterine mass earlier reported as juvenile cystic adenomyoma represent a rare, newly recognized Mullerian anomaly observed in young females suffering from severe dysmenorrhea and recurrent pelvic pain. The diagnosis is made when an isolated extra-cavitated uterine mass is seen in an otherwise normal appearing uterus with unremarkable endometrial lumen and adnexal structures. Laparoscopic excision of the mass remains the mainstay of treatment.

Conclusion: Awareness about the entity, early diagnosis and laparoscopic excision of the mass brings instant relief to the young woman.
Zinc(Ⅱ)-Induced Immunological COVID-19 Suppressive Bronchitis Thrombosis and Neurological COVID-19 Modulatory Pulmonary Thromboembolism: A Semi-Review
Authors: Ishida Dr. Sci. Tsuneo
Published: January 2025

An arrhythmia, or abnormal heart rhythm, usually means that the heart is beating too fast, too slowly, or irregularly. Few people do not feel discomfort when they notice that their heart is beating faster or irregularly or if they feel their heart pounding in their throat. Arrhythmia is an abnormal heart rhythm. The heart is controlled by a conduction system that transmits electrical impulses. This causes the heart to beat. This system works automatically, so outside of human will. The heart generally works rhythmically throughout life.
Assesment of the Complications of Pulmonary Vein Isolation Using and Risk Indicators in Big Community Hospital
Authors: Abdo M Haj
Published: January 2025

Background Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) has become a cornerstone of the invasive treatment of atrial fibrillation. A variety of techniques has been used to the (PVI) like cryoballon (CB), conventional radiofrequency (C-RF) and multielectrode phased radiofrequency ablation (MP-RF) [1]. Mild and moderate complication are reported in 8-10 % and severe complications in 1-3 % [2,3].

Aim oft he study This study aims to compare complications and follow-up outcome of PVI in patients with paroxysmale atrial fibrillation .

Methods The data were extracted from the Klinikum Ingolstadt/ Germany. Procedural and follow-up outcomes in patients treated with conventional radiofrequency or cryoballon ablation from 06.2015 to 06.2016 were compared. Subgroup analysis was performed to identify variables associated with complications .

Results 549 patients, 224 women and 325 men were included in the analysis,mean body mass index was 29.15 ( +/- 5.66 kg/m²), mean CHA2Ds2Vasc score was 2.3 ( +/- 1.5) and mean age was 62.59 ( +/-10.30 years)
Bronchial Asthma in Children
Authors: Franjić Siniša
Published: January 2025

Asthma is a chronic obstructive inflammatory disease of the airways that causes breathing problems. In susceptible individuals, the disease is manifested by difficulty breathing, wheezing in the chest and coughing, associated with airway obstruction, which is often reversible, either spontaneously or as a result of therapy. The disease is characterized by increased reactivity of the bronchi to various stimuli. It occurs in episodes, i.e. acute exacerbations of the disease alternate with periods in which there are no asthma symptoms. Attacks occur when the inflammation worsens, usually because there is some provoking asthma factor in the immediate environment.
Gestão orçamentária diante de um cenário de incertezas: o caso do instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Sergipe
Authors: França Mariana Carla Lima , Caldas Antonio Vinícius Silva , Gonçalves Bruno Setton
Published: January 2025

Este estudo teve como objetivo diagnosticar como o Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Sergipe (IFS) se adapta e responde às incertezas no ambiente orçamentário, em relação à alocação e à gestão de recursos públicos. A presente pesquisa possui a natureza descritiva, abordagem qualitativa e caracteriza-se como um estudo de caso. Para a coleta de dados, fez-se o uso da análise documental e da realização de entrevistas com os gestores do IFS.  Percebeu-se que as estratégias utilizadas para a alocação dos recursos destinaram-se ao racionamento e suspensão de despesas, seleção e análise de prioridades, além da captação de recursos extraorçamentários, de remanejamentos e da busca por parcerias e por doações. Além disso, foi constatado que as estratégias de captação foram as únicas que influenciaram o desempenho organizacional dos Campi. Sobre as incertezas, pode-se dizer que elas são consideradas dentro do planejamento orçamentário no instituto, mesmo diante das dificuldades de prever os acontecimentos futuros.
Non Tuberculous Mycobacterium Infection with Cavernolith: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Ledwani Anjana , Ghewade Babaji , Alone Vivek , Karnan Ashwin
Published: January 2025

Cavernolithiasis is defined as a calcified focus found inside a lung cavity. The patient can remain asymptomatic or exhibit non specific symptoms such as haemoptysis and recurrent chest infections. Its diagnosis poses a challenge to clinicians worldwide, making it a topic of interest. A collection of more than 190 various mycobacteria that cause infections in different body organs, especially the lungs, is collectively referred to as Non Tuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM). Hereby, authors report a rare case of cavernolithiasis in a 35-year-old-female patient with an NTM infection who was previously diagnosed and treated for Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB). This patient’s sputum was positive for Acid-fast Bacilli (AFB), and sputum culture showed growth of NTM species. High-resolution Computed Tomography (CT) of the thorax revealed bilateral cavitary lesions with the presence of calcified material inside the cavities. She did not require any surgical intervention and was managed conservatively. NTM infection poses a diagnostic challenge, making treatment milestones very difficult due to the complex treatment regimen involving multiple drugs administered for a prolonged period. Therefore, appropriate measures such as cessation of substance abuse, pulmonary hygiene, a nutritional diet, adherence to treatment, and regular follow-up must be taken to improve the quality of life.
MANAGEMENT OF VAIPADIKA THROUGH SHAMANA CHIKITSA: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Malagoudar Suman M , Patil AS
Published: January 2025

Kushta is a broad term used in Ayurveda to describe various skin diseases. It not only affects the patient physically but also their mental state. Vaipadika is Vata Kapha pradhana kshudra kushta among ashtadasha kushta. Symptoms include Panipada sputana, teevra vedana, daha, and kandu, etc. These Lakshana correlate with Palmoplantar psoriasis with symptoms like hyperkeratosis plaques, erythema, fissuring, and scaling producing significant functional disability. This study aims to show better management through Ayurvedic treatment. Case report: A 24 years female patient who is not known case of Diabetes mellitus and Hypertension, approached with complaints of blackish-red cracked lesions over bilateral palm and sole and itching and pain over cracked skin since 1½ years associated with burning sensation and bleeding or sometimes watery discharge after scratching since 1year. The condition is managed by nidana parivarjana, proper deepana pachana followed by Shamananga Snehana (oleation), Pitta rechana (purgation), internal medicines (tiktarasatmaka), bahya snehana (external application) with Taila which is given according to avasthanusara (stage wise). Observation and Result: The outcome is significant in terms of reducing erythema, itching, scales, dryness, and healing of lesions, producing noticeable improvement. Ayurvedic principles greatly improve signs and symptoms and increase the quality of life in treating psoriasis.
MANAGEMENT OF FROZEN SHOULDER WITH AYURVEDA: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Naram Smita , Gawali Komal
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, is a prevalent ailment of the shoulder joint marked by rigidity and discomfort. It frequently arises following shoulder traumas, surgical procedures, or in individuals with other systemic disorders. In Ayurveda, frozen shoulder is ascribed to a Vata dosha imbalance, which governs mobility and communication. This imbalance may lead to the accumulation of toxins in the shoulder joint, causing inflammation and rigidity. Ayurveda therapy for frozen shoulder aim to reduce inflammation, improve circulation, and restore balance in the Vata Dosha by dietary modifications, lifestyle alterations, and herbal remedies. A male patient with age 73 years reported to Ayushakti Ayurved Pvt. Ltd., with complaints of restricted movement of the left shoulder, accompanied with dull throbbing discomfort and an inability to handle a glass of water with the left hand. He was diagnosed as frozen shoulder and was treated with medications naley Painmukti tablet and Rasnadi guggul tablet of Ayushakti. He was given local systemic interventions such as anti-clog paste massage, heat fomentation, shoulder dhara, raktamokshana (hirudotherapy) and few dietary and lifestyle modifications. After the complete therapy patient found significant results from stiffness and tenderness. The range of left shoulder was increased from adduction 300-900, abduction 400-900, flexion 400-900 and extension 300-900 within span of 20 days. He was given dietary modifications as no meat, low salt, low sugar and low calories diet. The medications along with Panchakarma and lifestyle modifications has been proved to give significant results in case of frozen shoulder.
EFFICACY OF GUDADIGUTIKA AND SAMSHARKARA CHURNA IN MANAGING KAPHAJA KASA: A CONTROLLED CLINICAL STUDY
Authors: Patil Amol Ravindra , Patil Amruta Sanjay , Phaniband Yasmeen A
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Kaphaja Kasa (cough due to excess Kapha) is a common respiratory ailment in Ayurveda, presenting significant discomfort and potential complications if untreated. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of two Ayurvedic formulations, Gudadigutika and Samsharkara Churna, in managing Kaphaja Kasa through a controlled clinical trial. Methods: A randomized controlled clinical study was conducted with 40 patients diagnosed with Kaphaja Kasa. The patients were divided into two groups: Group A received Gudadigutika (500 mg, thrice daily), and Group B received Samsharkara Churna (15 g/day, divided into three doses). Both treatments were administered for 14 days with a follow-up on the 21st day. Statistical analysis included paired t-tests for intra-group comparisons and Mann-Whitney U tests for inter-group comparisons. Results: The intra-group analysis revealed that both treatments led to statistically significant improvements in subjective symptoms of Kaphaja Kasa (p < 0.05). However, the comparison between Group A and Group B did not show statistically significant differences (p > 0.05), indicating comparable efficacy of Gudadigutika and Samsharkara Churna. Discussion: Both Gudadigutika and Samsharkara Churna proved effective in managing Kaphaja Kasa. Although no significant difference was observed between the two groups, both formulations contributed to notable symptomatic relief. Further research with larger sample sizes and long-term follow-ups is needed to explore the broader implications of these findings in Ayurvedic respiratory care.
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF VARMAM THERAPY AMONG SIDDHA PHYSICIANS IN TIRUNELVELI AND KANYAKUMARI DISTRICT: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Thiriveni A. Deexit , Vanamamalai R.
Published: January 2025

Varmam is a branch of Siddha medicine, which is widely used in South India, particularly in Tamilnadu. Varmam points are key locations in the body that stores energy and are responsible for regulating all bodily functions as well as supplying essential energy to different parts of the body. Varmam point manipulation can provide immediate relief for many ailments. Guru-Sishya (master and disciple) method is used in Varmam practice and instruction. Different schools of thought are prevailing among the siddha practitioners regarding varmam. A unique approach was used by each guru in treatment. Standardization is not done for the documentation and compilation of available various therapeutic approaches. This study is to document the treatment approaches of Varmam used by Siddha doctors in the districts of Tirunelveli and Kanyakumari. Semi-structured questionnaires were used in face-to-face interviews to collect the data. The participant took twenty minutes to complete the 30 questions on the questionnaire and provided the written consent document. This study suggests that the various guru-disciple training systems used by Siddha practitioners resulted in differing ways to treat the illnesses through the Varmam. Regarding the name and Varmam points, there are a lot of disputes among Siddha physicians. Future research on standardizing Varmam point locations will benefit from the compilation and documentation of these points used by Siddha practitioners of various guru-disciple approaches.
A REVIEW ON NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL INTERVENTION OF AYURVEDA IN MANAGEMENT OF MENTAL WELLBEING
Authors: Adhikari Kajal , Barla Manjry Anshumala , Roushan Rakesh
Published: January 2025

The harsh pace of modern life with plethora of obligations, rushes and pressures has led to abundance of anxiety, stress and psychological issues. In India, abundance of the population struggles with mental health issues and barely half of people with mental illnesses receive treatment which is whistleblowing. Ayurveda imparts a significant contribution as pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for promoting mental health. Rasayana refers to the means of attaining excellent qualities of rasa etc. dhatus (body cells and tissues) and delays ageing, prevent diseases and thus maintain the mental well-being. Achara Rasayana is a non-pharmacological intervention consisting of a list of codes and conducts, such code and conducts provide a potent panacea for psychogenic illnesses and mental health issues. Achara Rasayana emphasizes on the significance of ethical living, kindness, self-discipline in achieving emotional equilibrium, underscoring the profound link between moral behaviour and mental wellness. Unfortunately, the exorbitant costs of contemporary psychotherapy, treatment, and counselling is unaffordable by all. This paper delves into the significance of non-pharmacological intervention like Achara Rasayana of Ayurveda in fostering mental well-being, highlighting its significance in the contemporary world.
A REVIEW ON KAZHARCHI CHOORANAM: A SIDDHA HERBAL MEDICINE FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF SOOTHAGA VAAYU (PCOS)
Authors: Kowsalya M. , Varthini T. Anu Priya , Hazel A.M. Amala , Sundaram M. Meenakshi
Published: January 2025

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age, characterized by hormonal imbalances, irregular menstrual cycles, hyperandrogenism, and ovarian abnormalities. The Siddha system of medicine provides a holistic approach to managing PCOS by addressing imbalances in the body's four primary components: physical, psychological, moral, and intellectual. One of the key treatments mentioned in Siddha literature for conditions like PCOS (referred to as "Soothaga Vaayu") is Kazharchi Chooranam, a herbal formulation made from Caesalpinia crista (Kazharchikkai) and Piper nigrum (Milagu). This review aims to evaluate the potential therapeutic effects of Kazharchi Chooranam in managing PCOS symptoms. The two main ingredients, Kazharchikkai and Milagu, possess pharmacological properties such as antiandrogenic, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and immunomodulatory effects, which may help alleviate the hormonal and metabolic disturbances associated with PCOS. Scientific studies indicate that Caesalpinia crista may help to regulate reproductive hormones and improve menstrual irregularities, while Piper nigrum exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that support overall health. This formulation, being easily available and safe, could offer a promising alternative treatment for women suffering from PCOS. Further clinical and scientific research is recommended to validate its efficacy and explore its potential as a therapeutic option for PCOS management.
PHARMACOLOGICAL VERSATILITY OF JUSTICIA PROCUMBENS: A REVIEW
Authors: M Sunil , M Naveen , Hiremath Shivaraj , Teli Shubham , VM Chandrashekhar , Shalavadi Mallappa , Chavan Devraj , Khombare Bhushan
Published: January 2025

Justicia procumbens L. a perennial herb belonging to the Acanthaceae family, has been used in traditional medicine for centuries to treat various ailments. The plant has been found to possess a wide range of pharmacological properties, including anti-platelet aggregation, anti-retro viral disease (RVD), antiasthmatic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-diabetic, antihelminthic, antiplasmodial, antioxidant and radical scavenging activities. For instance, DW2008, an ethanol extract of Justicia procumbens, demonstrated effective anti-asthmatic properties in mouse models. The plant's extracts have also been shown to exhibit cytotoxic effects against various cancer cell lines, including bladder, colorectal, leukemia and liver cancers, indicating its potential as an anti-cancer agent. Additionally, the plant has been found to possess fungicide and insecticide properties, making it a potential natural pesticide. The phytochemical analysis of Justicia procumbens has revealed the presence of lignans (primary bioactive compound), flavonoids, alkaloids and phenolic compounds, which are responsible for its diverse pharmacological properties. Anti-platelet aggregation studies reveal that aryl naphthalene lignans from Justicia procumbens inhibit platelet aggregation by modulating key signaling pathways, suggesting potential therapeutic applications for thrombotic diseases. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the phytochemical and pharmacological investigations of Justicia procumbens, highlighting its potential as a source of novel therapeutic agents for various diseases. Further research is warranted to fully exploit the plant's therapeutic potential and to develop evidence-based remedies for human health.
DHATU PRADOSHAJA VIKARA: A REVIEW
Authors: Panda Padmaja Rani , Mohanta Sarita
Published: January 2025

The oldest known medical science is Ayurveda. It has classified that the body of human composed of three fundamental components Dosha, Dhatu and Mala. Among them Dhatus are mostly solid constituents of the body as they hold the body and represent specific functions like prinana, Jivana, lepana etc. Any type of Dhatu deformity can have a significant impact on the body and may be the outcome of several illnesses. Along with the Dosha, Dhatus are also involved in emergence of diseases and creating any structural or functional in any dhatu could be beneficial in the line of treatment. The concept of dhatu Pradoshjaja in Charaka and Sushruta Samhita has been the subject of a particular chapter. Our Acharyas have mentioned many disorders in which a particular Dhatu is affected more and named them as Dhatu-Pradoshaja vikara. An attempt is made to review and discuss the ideas of Dhatu-Pradoshaja vikara in this article.
EXPLORING KAAM PURUSHARTH IN PERSPECTIVE OF SUPRAJA NIRMITTI: A REVIEW
Authors: Devi Aarti , Dawre Manisha K.
Published: January 2025

The conventional, old Indian medical science system is called Ayurveda which means “knowledge of life." Ayurveda prescribed some regimens and Rituals prior to pregnancy. These regimens promised to support the multistate well-being of the fetus from the state of gametes and also it helps in improving re vital capacity of Dosha, Dhatu, and Agni, Manas, Buddhi, Atma. "Garbh Sambhav Samagri" that is Rutu (fertile time, Kshetra (uterus), Ambu (Ahara Rasa, and Beeja (Shukra, Shonit)," are necessary elements required for conception. These four are important for development of Supraja (healthy progeny). Our Acharya were aware of the significance of getting married and having children at the appropriate age. Acharya Charka has mentioned about the value of having children because every species needs a healthy progeny to carry forward his/her lineage. The couple is regarded as fortunate, well-known, prosperous, who possess qualities like bahushakha i.e multiple and healthy progenies, that will lead to healthy society and compared to a tree with many branches, flowers, and fruits and is seen as beneficial to society. Now days, infertility is a global health issue affecting millions of people as body is being impacted in many ways by career-focused lives, poor lifestyles etc. Causes of infertility and complications during pregnancy summarized under the headings of Garbh Sambhava Samagri. For the benefit of society and nation, the study of normal and abnormal features of “Garbh Sambh Samagri is necessary to get rid of from infertility.
Evaluation of Botanicals against Powdery Mildew (Oidium mangiferae Berthet) of Mango (Mangifera indica L.)
Authors: R. C. Patel , Mahatma Lalit
Published: January 2025

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) belongs to the family Anacardiaceae and is a native of the Indo-Burma (now Myanmar) region. The fungal diseases occur in higher proportions leading to huge economic losses for the growers. Out of various fungal diseases, powdery mildew (O. mangiferae) is the most destructive malady encountering almost all the commercial cultivars. In the present study total eight botanicals were tested against powdery mildew under field. Minimum powdery mildew severity (10.83 %) and maximum disease reduction (76.67 %) over control were recorded in treatment      with Neem leaf extract at 10 per cent concentration. The next best treatment was Garlic clove extract at 10 per cent concentration which was found on par with Onion bulb extract, Zinger clove extract and Turmeric rhizome extract in per cent disease severity and per cent disease reduction respectively.
Effect of Different Doses of Antiretroviral Drugs on Body Weight of Experimental Animals
Authors: Umoh Ezekiel U. , Effiong Efreti F. , Ugwuibe Onyewuchi G.
Published: January 2025

Anti-retroviral (ARV) drugs are medications used for the treatment of diseases caused by retroviruses, primarily HIV. HIV/AIDS is a condition in human in which the immune system starts to fail, resulting to life threatening opportunistic infections. This study investigated the effect of first and second line fixed-dose combination (FDC) antiretroviral drugs on body weight of experimental animals. Thirty-five (35) male Wistar rats (Raths novegicus) were divided into seven (7) experimental groups (A, B1, B2, C1, C2, D1 and D2). Group A received normal rat pellet and clean water. Group B1 received 17.14 mg/kgbwt/24h of fixed-dose EFV/3TC/TDF as first line regimen for 15 days, while Group B2 received same regimen for 30 days. Group C1 received 6.43 mg/kgbwt/12h of fixed-dose 3TC/ZDVt3.57 mg/kgbwt/12h of LPV/r as second line regimen for fifteen (15) days, while Group C2 received same regimen for 30 days. Group D1 received first line regime for 30 days then switched to second line regimen for 15 days (a total of 45 days), while Group D2 received first line regime for 30 days, then switched to second line regimen for another 30 days (a total of 60 days). First and second line regimens showed significant change (P<0.05) in serum level of hepatic parameters observed in 15, 30 and 45 days, while animals treated for 60 days was insignificant (P>0.05) in all the parameters compared to control. This study demonstrated that first and second line regimen did not expose the animals to untoward consequences of severe drug effect, but rather there was a significant (p< 0.05) weight gain which may rule out toxic effects of the regimens on long term repeated dosage. Thus, the use of these regimens in the management and treatment of HIV/AIDS should be encouraged while hepatic and cardiac functions of the recipients should be monitored First and second line.
Determinants of Human Development Index (HDI): A Regression Analysis of Economic and Social Indicators
Authors: Singh Kuldeep , Cheemalapati Sumanth , RamiReddy Srikanth Reddy , Kurian George , Muzumdar Prathamesh , Muley Apoorva
Published: January 2025

This study aims to investigate the factors influencing the Human Development Index (HDI). Five variables—GDP per capita, health expenditure, education expenditure, infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births), and average years of schooling—were analyzed to develop a regression model assessing their impact on HDI. The results indicate that GDP per capita, infant mortality rate, and average years of schooling are significant predictors of HDI. Specifically, the study finds a positive relationship between GDP per capita and average years of schooling with HDI, while infant mortality rate is negatively associated with HDI.
The Digital Wallet Revolution: Assessing Mobile Money’s Role in Transforming Emerging Economies: A Review
Authors: Awuah Emmanuel
Published: January 2025

Mobile money services have become important worldwide, changing how financial technology works and helping more people use banking services. They give easy-to-use, safe, and cheap money services to people who don't have bank accounts or don't use them much in poorer countries. These mobile money systems let people put money in, take it out, send it to others, and pay bills using their phones. This means they don't need to rely on regular banks as much. This review article explores the evolution of mobile money services, focusing on their growing significance in emerging markets. Mobile money has transformed financial landscapes by providing accessible, affordable, and secure financial services to populations that were traditionally excluded from the formal banking system. The article will assess the key benefits of mobile money, such as financial inclusion, economic growth, poverty reduction, and enhanced remittance flows. It will also highlight the role of mobile money in empowering women and fostering small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Additionally, the review addresses challenges faced by mobile money services, including regulatory hurdles, fraud, and technological infrastructure limitations. By analyzing the key benefits, the article will offer insights into the potential of mobile money services to drive sustainable development and economic inclusion in the future.
Evidence-Based Prescription Strategies for Clomiphene Citrate in Male Hypogonadism and Fertility Management
Authors: Câmara Lucas Caseri
Published: January 2025

Clomiphene Citrate (CC), a selective estrogen receptor modulator, represents a valuable therapeutic option for addressing male hypogonadism and infertility. This article reviews practical approaches to CC prescription, emphasizing its use both as monotherapy and in combination with other treatments. Clinical evidence consistently demonstrates that relatively low doses of CC, ranging from 12.5 to 50 mg daily or on alternate days, are sufficient to elevate testosterone levels, relieve symptoms of androgen deficiency, and improve fertility markers such as sperm concentration and total motile sperm count (TMSC). Importantly, higher doses, while reported in some studies, appear to offer no additional benefit and may increase the risk of adverse effects.
For more complex clinical scenarios, such as elevated estradiol levels or an unfavorable testosterone-to-estradiol ratio, combination therapies provide a targeted solution. The addition of Anastrozole (AZ) can help mitigate estradiol elevations, optimizing the hormonal balance while maintaining the therapeutic effects of CC. Similarly, combining CC with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) has shown promise in enhancing testosterone levels while preserving spermatogenesis. However, adherence challenges associated with frequent injections and cost must be considered when prescribing combination therapies. Notably, improved TMSC observed in these combination approaches suggests potential advantages for men pursuing assisted reproductive techniques.
Overall, CC stands out as an effective, safe, and affordable alternative to traditional testosterone replacement therapy, particularly for hypogonadal men seeking to maintain fertility. Its versatility and favorable safety profile makes it a practical choice, especially in younger populations. While current evidence supports its clinical utility, further well-designed studies are essential to refine treatment protocols, assess long-term outcomes, and better identify patient subgroups that would derive the greatest benefit from this approach.
Female Undergraduates’ Perception of Feminist Depictions in the Woman King Film
Authors: Obiora Adanma Vivian
Published: January 2025

This study sets out to ascertain the opinions of female undergraduates on portrayals of feminism contained in the movie The Woman King (2022). The study used focus group discussion to elicit data from female undergraduates in Anambra State, Nigeria, in order to determine the inherent feminist themes in the selected movie and ascertain how they perceive them. Three universities were randomly selected from the nine universities in the state to represent the three forms of university ownership in Nigeria, which are federal, state and private universities. twelve focus group discussants were purposively selected from each university based on their availability and willingness to participate in the exercise. Analysis of data was done and presented thematically. Results showed the various themes female undergraduates identified from the selected film and female empowerment through leadership was most striking among them all. Their views about the feminist representations are those of inspiration and thought-provocation. The study recommends that film makers should be more diverse in creating feminism perspectives to provide a more comprehensive representation of feminism ideals and experiences and give a deeper exploration of feminism struggles within historical contexts that would offer a richer understanding of the challenges faced by the female folks.
Integrative Approaches for Enhancing Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Crops through Molecular and Biotechnological Interventions
Authors: I Mahamed Ashiq , S Rakhesh , Hurali Sujay , S V Akarsh
Published: January 2025

The growing need for stress-tolerant crops necessitates a comprehensive understanding of cellular, biochemical, and molecular responses to stress. Traditional breeding approaches, while effective, are time-consuming and limited to sexually reproducing species. In contrast, advancements in reproductive sciences, biotechnology, and recombinant DNA (rDNA) technologies enable precise genetic modifications, offering new opportunities to enhance crop resilience. Stress-induced genes and compatible solutes, such as proline, glycine betaine, and polyamines synthesized in plants, significantly improve tolerance to abiotic stresses. Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins, as key protective agents, safeguard cellular structures and maintain osmotic stability under stress conditions. Similarly, heat shock proteins (HSPs), conserved across species, play crucial roles in protein folding, stabilization, and protection, thereby enhancing photosynthetic efficiency and reducing oxidative damage. Transcription factors such as NAC, MYB, bZIP, and WRKY families are pivotal in regulating stress responses by altering physiological and biochemical pathways. Additionally, antioxidant defense systems, comprising enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), mitigate oxidative stress by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). Recent breakthroughs in genome editing, particularly CRISPR/Cas9 technology, have revolutionized the ability to fine-tune stress-responsive genes, opening unprecedented possibilities for developing crops with enhanced resistance to unfavorable environmental conditions. These advancements in genetic engineering hold immense potential to sustainably increase crop resilience and ensure agricultural productivity in the face of climate change.