bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on the ability to generate electric current of the H/Pd(100) system in a fuel cell
Authors: Thai Pham Cong , Hanh Tran Thi Thu
Published: February 2025

Hydrogen fuel cells are being explored as a sustainable energy source. To study the electric current produced in the fuel cell, we used density functional theory (DFT) to simulate the adsorption of hydrogen on the Pd(100) surface in a vacuum environment. Our research focuses on the convergence of the initial k-point selection for the palladium (Pd) system with and without hydrogen atoms. We specifically examined the stability of chemical bonds in the model through the hydrogen adsorption sites. Our simulation results demonstrate that the endothermic reaction of hydrogen atoms on the top site of the Pd surface is the primary reason why it is considered the least favorable site compared to the hollow site and bridge site.
Impact of oxygenated palm-biodiesel on combustion characteristics under various levels of EGR in simulated CI-engine condition
Authors: Tan Vo Chau , Ho Au Hai , Nam Ho Hoa , Mai Tai The
Published: February 2025

Diesel engines, known for their high compression ratios, are extensively used in various sectors including industry, transportation, agriculture, and construction. However, they face significant challenges in meeting strict emission standards. Fossil-derived diesel fuel is cited as a major contributor to serious issues like high environmental pollution, harmful health effects, and the energy crisis. Promoting the development of high technology related to clean fuel is crucial. Exploring the impact of combining high-pressure fuel injection with low oxygen concentration as a form of recirculating part of the exhaust gas back into the engine cylinder (EGR) for oxygenated biodiesel, to enhance fuel efficiency and emission mitigation, presents a promising avenue of research. This work focuses on evaluating the impact of various EGR levels on the combustion behaviors of palm biodiesel (B100) and conventional diesel (B0) under a high fuel injection pressure of 1200 bar and a constant injection time of 2.0 ms in a constant-volume vessel. Compression ignition (CI) engine operating conditions, characterized by an in-cylinder ambient pressure of 43 bar, were investigated under three cases of volumetric oxygen concentrations simulating various EGR levels in diesel engines: no EGR (21% O2), medium EGR (15% O2), and heavy EGR (10% O2). A piezoelectric transducer was utilized to record the combustion pressure, from which combustion characteristics were analyzed. The findings revealed that the ignition delay of B100 is shorter than that of B0 under no EGR conditions and prolongs when reducing the oxygen content to 10%. Increasing the EGR ratio leads to a significant decrease in the integral heat release, the summit of the apparent heat release rate, and peak combustion pressure for both fuel types. Nevertheless, a longer diffusion combustion phase was observed compared to conditions with higher ambient oxygen concentrations. Furthermore, the combustion characteristics of B100 are also lower than those of B0 under test conditions.
Investigation on multi-corners crash-box structure subjected to axial crushing
Authors: Nguyen Hung , Nguyen Dat , Tran Hai , Tran-van Tao
Published: February 2025

This paper investigated the crushing behavior of multi-corner crash-box subjected to quasi-static axial impact loading via FEM numerical simulation and experiments. The effects of the number of welded lines on the welded area and the heat-affected zone, which influence the crushing force, folding process, and energy absorption capacities of multi-corners, are studied. The numerical simulations reveal that adjusting these parameters can significantly influence the crushing behavior and energy absorption characteristics of the multi-corner crash-box. The FEM results also show that using a higher strain-rate material model increases peak and mean force when compared to a low strain-rate material model. In this work, three experiments were conducted to verify FEM model. The experimental results showed great agreement with numerical results in all models of folding collapse in symmetric modes, the crushing force, folding displacement, total energy absorption - EA, specific energy absorption - SEA and the crushing force efficiency - CFE. In conclusion, using the multi-corner crash-box can improve the crashworthiness parameters under axial crushing.
Research in Detection and Evaluation of Green Spaces Using UAV and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Khoa Ta Dinh , Duy Phan Nguyen Quoc , Hieu Ngo Khanh
Published: February 2025

Numerous efforts have been made to evaluate green areas, ranging from manual methods like tree and leaf counting to more modern approaches such as using satellite imagery. However, these methods have limitations, including high costs, resource-intensive processes, and lack of real-time capabilities. Therefore, our research team developed a method that improves performance and allows for real-time updates. In this study, we utilized an ultra-lightweight unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to create a non-image dataset of green vegetation. We trained a deep learning computer vision model using this dataset to recognize and segment green areas. The resulting accuracy was then computed to determine real-world coverage. Although our initial results were not as expected, mostly due to not standardize drone auto flight technique and camera intervals setting, this approach shows promise for addressing the stated problem, and further in-depth research is necessary to enhance the process and outcomes. In our study, we faced several challenges while developing and implementing our approach. One critical aspect was selecting appropriate hyperparameters for training our deep learning model. Let’s delve into some of these considerations: Mean Average Precision (mAP), Confidence Threshold, Overlap (IoU), Training Data, Error Messages during Training and Number of Epochs and Batch Size. Despite these challenges, our preliminary results demonstrate the potential of this approach. Real-time green area assessment using UAVs and deep learning holds promise for environmental monitoring. Further research will refine our methodology and address limitations.
Analcime zeolite beads prepared from mineral clays for CO2 capture application
Authors: Hieu Le Tu , San Phan Vo Vinh , Thang Tran Duc , Phuong Nguyen Thi Truc , Long Nguyen Quang
Published: February 2025

This research focuses on the CO2 capture capacity and physical properties of granulated beads using zeolite ANA synthesized from metakaolin as the raw material, which was obtained from using an alkaline solution for hydrothermal treatment at ambient conditions without any additional sources of silica or alumina. The resulting powder was then granulated with bentonite to improve mechanical strength and sodium alginate to perform a cross-linking reaction with barium chloride. The synthesized zeolite powder ANA and the beads were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Energy-Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDX). The mechanical strength of the beads was also examined. The CO2 adsorption capacity of the beads was investigated using a CO2/N2 mixed gas stream with activation conditions in vacuum environments at 150 °C, 200 °C, and 300 °C, respectively. It was examined that the mechanical strength of the beads gradually declined with rising activation temperature, as a result of sodium alginate degradation. In addition, the highest CO2 adsorption capacity was recorded about 0.46 mmol/g on the sample which was activated at 200 °C.
Aspects in vessel system offsets survey using 3-D laser scanning system
Authors: Le-Dinh Tuan , Tran Hai
Published: February 2025

Recently, the shipbuilding industry has paid more attention to laser scanning technologies due to their ability to quickly and accurately provide and evaluate 3D data. This innovative solution brings benefits as it increases the accuracy of the ship construction and associated production information. This measure is even more advantageous because it significantly shortens the survey time when establishing the positions, and installation angles of mounted equipment and systems onboard ships. The paper describes a vessel system offsets survey that needs to ensure accurate locations and alignment of sensors and equipment on a new building ship before her sea trial. These include the physical vessel offsets and angular rotational offsets of mounted equipment such as GNSS antennae, wind sensors, MGC gyro compass units, range guard sensors, scene scan sensors, etc. The paper also mentions the construction of a reference coordinate system associated with the actual survey on a new building ship, the reference plane, reference points, and offset measurement results of the mounted equipment mentioned above. The measurement results and evaluation of measurement accuracy against the design values show that the application of laser scanners is worthwhile, especially in the shipbuilding industry.
An image-classifying-based diagnostic method applied to electronic fuel injection system for gasoline engine
Authors: Pham Quang T. D. , Huynh Phat Lam , Van Quan Pham , Thai Duong Nguyen , Dang Long Tran
Published: February 2025

The electronic fuel injection (EFI) system significantly governs modern gasoline engine performance. Dirty sensors, weak actuators, broken electric wires, shorted circuits, and mechanical issues are most causes of abnormal system operations. Technicians can use the integrated onboard diagnostic (OBD) function to monitor system behaviour and then apply a standard Symptom-System-Component-Cause (SSCC) diagnostic process to determine what are causing rough idling, hesitate acceleration, excess exhaust gas emissions, and reduced fuel economy. This is a complicated and time-consuming procedure that is prone to human errors, particularly when mechanical causes occur, requiring skilled and experienced technicians. This study aims to demonstrate the feasibility of an automatic diagnostic solution for identifying causes of bad symptoms in EFI systems. Engine live data are collected from the OBD system while the engine is running through a diagnostic engine speed cycle. Live data features are then extracted and visualized as a radar-chart-type diagnostic image, which contains the signatures of normal or abnormal engine operations and can represent a specific cause of failure. By classifying the obtained diagnostic image, the cause of failure is identified. Experiments were conducted with a 4A91 engine, which calculates intake mass air flow from engine speed and intake air density instead of using an air flow meter. Mechanical issues such as cracked intake manifold, evaporative purge valve leak, and weak fuel pump were generated with different degrees of failures. Various pruned versions of the VGG-16 deep learning model were applied to classify diagnostic images thereby can indentify the causes of failure. The results showed that in the case VGG-16 model reduces 2 convolutional layers and 1 dense layer, it is most suitable for this automatic diagnostic application. The proposed diagnostic method can be further improved to detect multi-cause failures as well as predict system degradation trends for early warning and preventive maintenance.
Evaluation of Green Open Space in Creating Child-Friendly Play Spaces in Sumbawa District
Authors: Azzahra T A , Widiyanto D , Widiyastuti D
Published: February 2025

In order to create Child-Friendly Play Areas as one of the requirements for a Child-Friendly District, several green open spaces in Sumbawa District have been designed as play areas to meet the play needs of children in this region. This research uses a quantitative method, utilizing both secondary and primary data relevant to the study. Data collection involved literature studies, field observations and interviews. Quantitative data processing was conducted using scoring techniques to evaluate green open spaces as children’s play areas, categorizing them into “good”, “adequate”, or “poor” groups. The study identified eight green open spaces that serve as Children Play Areas. The assessment revealed that these eight green open spaces in Sumbawa District vary in type and are not limited to parks. The research findings show that Mangga Park has the highest total score, making it the only green open space categorized as “good” play area. The development strategy prioritizes Mangga Park as the main focus for developing Child-Friendly Play Spaces (RBRA) in Sumbawa District. Apart from that, revitalizing facilities and accessibility in other green open spaces, as well as prioritizing their development by considering hazards and disaster risks, is also crucial in implementing development of green open spaces.
Petrogenetic relationship of pre-caldera and caldera-forming magmas from Maninjau volcano, West Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Kaneda Yasuaki , Suhendro Indranova , Shibata Shohei , Naen Gabriela Nogo Retnaningtyas Bunga , Aka Festus Tongwa , Hasegawa Takeshi
Published: February 2025

The 220–250 km3 (VEI 7) caldera-forming eruption of Maninjau (West Sumatra, Indonesia) in 52 ±3 ka played a major role for changing the landscape in the Padang Volcanic Field. Besides forming thick and widespread ignimbrite plateau (especially in the vicinity of Bukttinggi), the eruption successfully exposed the stratigraphy of pre-caldera rocks which predominantly constructed of lava (hereafter referred to as somma lava). Since our knowledge regarding the relationship between the pre-caldera somma lavas and silicic caldera-forming activity is lacking, we aimed to study the petrological characteristics of these eruptive materials. Somma lavas are mostly classified as medium-K andesite to dacite (SiO2 = 57–64 wt.%) except for one rhyolitic sample (SiO2 = 77 wt.%). Although whole-rock chemistry of somma lavas largely shows coherent compositional trends that a priori suggest mixing with caldera-forming magmas, there are considerable compositional gaps between them on some SiO2 against incompatible-element (e.g., Sr and Zr) diagrams. Rayleigh fractionation models suggest that it is difficult to generate the caldera-forming silicic magma by differentiation of somma lava magma. Considering the incoherences of petrological and chronological features between Maninjau somma lavas and ignimbrites, we suggest that the caldera-forming large silicic magma evolved as an independent system after the termination of pre-caldera magmatism.
Landscape archaeology as a key concept of cultural resources management in Indonesia
Authors: Putranto A , Suharyadi R , Haryono E , Muta’ali L
Published: February 2025

Archaeological practice adheres to the principle that the cultural resources associated with human activity in the past, including those in Indonesia, constitute the collective heritage of humanity. The concept of cultural heritage is, in fact, inextricably linked to the concept of national identity. The remains may be classified according to several different categories. These comprise a variety of categories, including objects, buildings, structures, sites, and cultural heritage areas. Consequently, the proper management of these resources is of great importance to ensure their preservation for future generations. An interdisciplinary approach is required for the strategic management of cultural resources, in which the valuable contributions of relevant academic disciplines need to be drawn upon. This paper puts forward a conceptual idea derived from a review of the literature relating to the theory and concepts relevant to landscape archaeology. It can be very effective to combine VOSviewer with the PICOT method (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Time) to perform gap analysis. The theoretical and conceptual framework presented here was inspired by the discipline of geography, particularly landscape ecology, and will be contrasted with existing concepts. This paper proposes fresh conceptual approaches to managing cultural resources. These approaches represent a significant departure from the conventional conceptual framework that has previously informed this field. The issue of cultural resource management in Indonesia has remained constant for some time, with an emphasis on material cultural legacy and a lack of understanding of other factors in its immediate proximity. The fundamental purpose of this study is to provide a conceptual notion based on landscape archaeology, drawing on the interconnectedness of theory and concept with landscape ecology, to provide the best answer for cultural resource management in Indonesia.
Analysis of Water Quality Dynamics of Sentarum Lake, Indonesia, with Water Index Application and Water Parameter Algorithm Methods Using Google Earth Engine
Authors: Rifai M , Harintaka
Published: February 2025

Water quality is one of the main issues with lake degradation in Indonesia. Limited water quality data due to a lack of funding makes lake management in Indonesia difficult. The use of remote sensing technology has enormous potential as a source of data provision to obtain water quality information. We monitored Sentarum Lake in West Kalimantan, Indonesia, from 2019 to 2024 using open-access Sentinel-2 remote sensing data on the Google Earth Engine cloud computing platform. In this study, we combined Sentinel-2 Harmonized with the cloud score+ algorithm to produce cloud-free images of the study location. This paper used the Application Water Index and water parameter algorithms to analyze water quality. Using the Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI), water area segmentation enhances open water features while efficiently suppressing and eliminating non-water area information. To estimate chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), we proposed the Normalized Difference Chlorophyll Index (NDCI) and an algorithm. Calculate total suspended solids (TSS) concentration using the Normalized Difference Texture Index (NDTI) and an algorithm. The study’s findings show that Sentarum Lake’s water quality is generally in excellent condition, with yearly averages of Chl-a and TSS fluctuating. This lake categorizes the lake as seasonal based on its stable condition. This estimate will provide lake managers and policymakers with critical information.
Flood Vulnerability Analysis in Banyumas Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Hermawan Hannan Revi , Azizah Aldina Noer , Widyaningsih Denok , Andhika Dimas , Karima Faricha Nur , Pahmi Iskandar Kesuma , Nataris Nur Shabrina Lintang , Viantami Srani Riska , Hizbaron Dyah Rahmawati
Published: February 2025

Banyumas Regency, Indonesia, is often hit by recurrent annual floods that affect the local population’s physical environments and social conditions. Therefore, a vulnerability analysis is needed to determine potential damage, loss of property, and number of people affected in the wake of floods. The research objectives were to identify and map flood vulnerability in the regency, both in total and by component (social, physical, and environmental). Geographic Information System (GIS) approaches were used to overlay, score, and weigh components and their variables. In the vulnerability assessment, three weighting scenarios were observed: weighting based on Regulation of the Head of the National Disaster Management Agency (NDMA) No. 2 of 2012, equal weighting, and dominance-based weighting. Results indicate that the NDMA scenario produced the broadest and most widely distributed high-vulnerability areas. The other two scenarios showed a comparable spatial distribution pattern with the locus of high total vulnerability on the Serayu River banks in the middle (the entire Purwokerto Municipality) and southern parts of the regency (Banyumas and Kebasen Districts). This can be linked to many settlement areas and their supporting facilities in Banyumas and Purwokerto that are traversed by this major river. As for Kebasen, it lies in a basin abutted by the lower reach of Halang Formation Hills, with the river meandering through its densely populated settlements.
Community Understanding in Responding to Floods in Lake Sipin Periphery (Legok, Jambi City)
Authors: Ramadhan A V , Sunarharum T M
Published: February 2025

The community’s understanding in flood mitigation efforts is crucial, as they are the most affected and possess the best understanding of the conditions they experience. Therefore, understanding this level of comprehension can contribute to reducing the risks and impacts of floods This research aims to measure the level of understanding among residents living around Lake Sipin, Jambi City, and to determine their response to floods. The study employs a quantitative approach to assess and explain community participation in Flood mitigation efforts. Data is collected via a Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software. The Chi-Square test is specifically used to examine the association between the level of understanding and factors such as age, gender, occupation, and the intensity of flood-related losses. This statistical method allow us to identify whether there are significant relationships between these variables and the residents’ understanding of flood mitigation strategies, providing insights into how different factors influence their flood preparedness and response. The results of the study reveal that age, occupation, and gender do not have a significant association with the level of understanding of Flood mitigation among residents of Legok District. However, the intensity of Flood-related losses does show a significant association with the level of community understanding. This finding suggests that residents who have experienced more severe F lood impacts are likely to have a greater comprehension of flood mitigation efforts. This insight underscores the importance of addressing the specific experiences of affected individuals to enhance their understanding and preparedness for future floods.
Community response following a major volcanic eruption: the cases of Samalas 1257 and Tambora 1815.
Authors: Malawani Mukhamad Ngainul , Handayani Tiara , Estiono Meru Sigit , Hamdani Agus Jaiz , Abidin Imam Alief Naufal , Pratiwi Dinda
Published: February 2025

The Samalas eruption in 1257 and the Tambora eruption in 1815 are the notable major volcanic eruptions in Indonesia. This paper provides a comparative discussion of the post-eruption responses (emergency, reconstruction, and recovery phases) to these two catastrophic events. During the emergency phase, both Lombok and Sumbawa residents exhibited similar adaptive strategies, including seeking higher ground and relocating to safer areas. Distinct differences emerged during the reconstruction phase. While Lombok’s recovery was hampered by a lack of external food aid, Sumbawa benefited from Dutch intervention, which facilitated the importation of necessary supplies. In terms of recovery and achieving resilience, Lombok took approximately 100 years to fully recover, whereas Tambora saw a more rapid resurgence by 1847, with restored agriculture and livestock conditions. This comparative discussion underscores the importance of understanding historical responses to volcanic eruptions and offers valuable lessons for future generations. Incorporating contemporary geological and socio-economic data into mitigation strategies is essential for managing similar events in the future, not only for high VEI volcanoes but also for those with potential for major eruptions.
Excavation methods and support systems for the Tiga Dihaji Dam intake tunnel in South Sumatera Province, Indonesia, based on the Japan Society of Civil Engineers (JSCE)
Authors: Kusuma Afif Arta , Setiawan Hendy , Akmaluddin
Published: February 2025

This research aims to analyze the rock mass quality based on the Japan Society of Civil Engineers 2007 for the excavation and support systems of the intake tunnel of Tiga Dihaji Dam, South Sumatra Province, Indonesia. The scope of the research includes observing aspects of engineering geology, taking rock samples, laboratory testing, and core drilling analysis. The research results show that the lithology unit at the depth of the tunnel alignment is carbonaceous claystone interbedded with carbonaceous sandstone with rock masses belonging to Category B to Category CII. The recommended excavation is the full-face method with a digging length of 1.2-2.0 m. The recommended support systems are rock bolts, shotcrete, and lining with thickness, dimensions, spacing, and installation area following the provisions based on the rock mass category. Rock bolts with dimensions of 2 m long, curved spacing of 1.2 m, longitudinal spacing of 1.2-1.5 m, and installation areas on the top heading and bench. The thickness of the shotcrete is 5 cm, and the thickness of the lining is 20 cm.
Use of remote sensing and Geographic Information System for mapping drought susceptibility in Boyolali Regency
Authors: Siddiq M S A , Sudaryatno  , Purwanto T H
Published: February 2025

Boyolali Regency is one of the regencies in Central Java that is often hit by drought during the dry season. In 2023, it was recorded that 11 out of 22 total sub-districts experienced drought and received clean water assistance from the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) of Boyolali Regency. The El Nino phenomenon that hit Indonesia exacerbated the impact of the drought. The study conducted aims to determine and analyze the results of the ability of Landsat 9 imagery in generating information into drought susceptibility parameters and to determine and analyze the spatio-temporal pattern of drought susceptibility in Boyolali Regency in the dry months (April - September) in 2023 based on parameters generated from Landsat 9 processing. The parameters used are NDVI, LST, NDWI, and land use/land cover. Applying a weighted tiered quantitative approach by applying scoring and weighting in each parameter. The study resulted in accuracy between the Landsat 9 image interpretation results and the field conditions using the confusion matrix table. Each parameter produces a different overall accuracy, but not much difference so that it still has a sufficient level of confidence. The resulting drought susceptibility map shows that April, May, and June are dominated by low-moderate drought susceptibility, while July, August, and September are dominated by high-very high drought susceptibility. August is the peak month with a dominance of high drought susceptiblity covering 67741.05 Ha (63% of the total area of Boyolali Regency). The moderate to very high drought susceptibility level is located in the southern, eastern, and northern parts of the regency, while the very low-low drought susceptiblity level is located in the western part of Boyolali Regency.
Estimation of Above and Below Ground Carbon Stock in Baros Mangrove Conservation Area, Bantul Regency – Indonesia
Authors: Nugraini R A , Sekaranom A B
Published: February 2025

Mangroves are vital coastal ecosystems that provide numerous ecological benefits, including carbon sequestration, which plays a crucial role in mitigating climate change. The Baros Mangrove Conservation Area in Bantul Regency is an essential site for studying these valuable ecosystems, given its diverse mangrove species and varying age structures. This study aims to determine the distribution of mangrove species and estimate the above-ground carbon (AGC) and below-ground carbon (BGC) stock values in the Baros Mangrove Conservation Area, Bantul Regency. Data were collected using purposive sampling from four sample plots selected based on species differences, planting age, and site accessibility. Species identification was conducted through high-resolution aerial imagery and field validation. The results indicate that the dominant mangrove species are Avicennia sp. and Rhizophora sp., with the highest AGC found in Plot 2 at 198.14 tons/ha and the highest BGC also in Plot 2 at 121.36 tons/ha. Plot 2, which features the most mature vegetation, shows the highest carbon storage capacity, while Plot 4, dominated by younger mangroves, has the lowest AGC and BGC at 46.05 tons/ha and 40.70 tons/ha, respectively. With a total AGC and BGC carbon stock of 411.32 tons/ha for AGC and 601.28 tons/ha. This study underscores the importance of mangrove conservation and management, particularly in plots with mature vegetation, to maintain significant carbon reserves for climate change mitigation.
Rapid Assessment of Spatial Variation of Carbon Sequestration in Coastal Landscapes of Bantul Regency, Indonesia: Implications for Land Management and Climate Mitigation
Authors: Sekaranom A B , Santosa L W , Musafirah C , Tadubun M R , Nugraini R A
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the spatial variation of carbon sequestration across the coastal area of Bantul Regency – Yogyakarta, Indonesia, based on rapid assessment of carbon sequestration based on land use data. The land use classification is conducted by utilizing unsupervised classification Sentinel-2 classification data. Each land use is assingned carbon sequestration factor obtained from a number of literature studies. The analysis reveals distinct patterns of carbon sequestration linked to varying land use types and vegetation cover. The southern coastal zone exhibits lower carbon sequestration rates, primarily due to the presence of sand dunes, sparse vegetation, and urbanized areas. In contrast, the central region displays moderate to high carbon sequestration, driven by a mix of agricultural activities, such as rice cultivation and dryland farming, interspersed with natural vegetation and managed forests. The eastern region shows significant spatial variation, with pockets of very high carbon sequestration associated with dense forests and well-preserved natural areas. These findings underscore the importance of targeted land management strategies to enhance carbon sequestration, particularly in coastal areas, while optimizing sustainable land use practices in agricultural and forested regions.
The Model of Traffic Congestion Disentangled in Bogor City
Authors: Lestari Nova Dwi , Marwasta Djaka
Published: February 2025

Transportation problems in metropolitan areas are very complicated and complex, including in Bogor City. Population growth increases the number of motorized vehicles which exceeds road capacity, thus triggering traffic jams. Insufficient and integrated infrastructure is also a problem itself. The application of the transit-oriented development (TOD) concept can be one solution to overcome this problem. This research aims to determine existing conditions and the application of the TOD concept to solve transportation problems in the Bogor Station Area. The data used is secondary data originating from government documents and primary data obtained through direct observation in the field and interviews with the government person and academicians. Analysis was carried out using qualitative descriptions and scoring methods to obtain a classification of TOD development. The Bogor Station TOD area is still relatively underdeveloped, especially in walkability and density design parameters. However, in other aspects such as destination of accessibility, distance to transit, and diversity, TOD values and conditions are considered advanced. Even though there is still needs to be improved, the application of TOD has the potential to be a solution to traffic congestion and optimization of transportation modes in the Bogor Station Area. This is because TOD can increase the integration of people, activities, and areas in a development that prioritizes transit and reduces private vehicle use. The use of mixed land areas that are dense, compact and high intensity can make it easier for people to carry out activities in that area only by foot and non-motorized vehicles and can reach other areas using public transportation.
Value Chain Study of Pineapple Agricultural Production in Sempu Village, Ngancar District, Kediri Regency
Authors: Widiastuti Arum Sari , Harini Rika
Published: February 2025

Sempu Village, located in Ngancar Sub-district, Kediri Regency, is one of the key pineapple-producing areas in East Java. The high level of pineapple production in this sub-district not only impacts the local economy but also significantly influences the regional and national levels. Pineapple farming in the area is shaped by various geographical, economic, social, and cultural factors, each presenting unique challenges. As such, understanding the value chain of pineapple farming in Ngancar Sub-district is crucial for identifying potential improvements and development opportunities. This study aims to assess the current state of pineapple farming and analyze the variations in the value chain patterns of pineapple production in Sempu Village. The research employs both quantitative and qualitative methods, with a sample of 70 farmers selected for observation and interviews. The findings reveal that, despite challenges such as limited land, pineapple farming in Sempu Village holds significant potential for supporting farmers’ livelihoods. Farmers engage in diversified farming activities, including the cultivation of other commodities, as a strategy to mitigate risks. While the dominance of middlemen in marketing is a concern, pineapple farmers generally exhibit self-reliance in managing their value chain, which can strengthen their livelihoods.
Study of Environmental Carrying Capacity Based on Ecosystem Services for Ecotourism in Kapanewon Dlingo, Bantul Regency
Authors: Kafafa U , Setiawan M A
Published: February 2025

Kapanewon Dlingo has several potential and unique tourist attractions, both natural and artificial. Environmental characteristics and quality factors are important assets for optimizing ecotourism potential. In addition, it is essential to understand various aspects related to the carrying capacity that can be accommodated and the management strategies needed. One approach to analyzing environmental carrying capacity is through an assessment based on ecotourism ecosystem services. Therefore, the objectives of this research are (1) to examine environmental characteristics, and (2) to assess the conditions of environmental carrying capacity based on ecosystem services for ecotourism in Kapanewon Dlingo. The survey method was employed in this research. The carrying capacity of the environment was assessed through ecoregion and land use weighting based on expert judgment. Weighting was conducted using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) with the pairwise comparison method. In general, the potential for ecotourism ecosystem services in Kapanewon Dlingo is dominated by the medium class, with a value range of 0.382-0.744. The aesthetic value of ecotourism ecosystem services with high value is found in landscapes that have vegetated/natural land cover and are located in ecoregions with flat topography.
Assessing the Impact of Seawater Intrusion on Groundwater Using Geo-indicators in Padang City
Authors: Charly Vito , Hendrayana Heru , Nait Costandji
Published: February 2025

Padang City is the capital of West Sumatra Province. The geographical condition of Padang City is directly adjacent to the sea. One of the direct negative impacts is the potential for seawater intrusion. Seawater intrusion is a groundwater problem in coastal areas. Based on this, this research was carried out to map groundwater vulnerability zones to seawater intrusion. The method used to determine the zoning of seawater influence distribution is analyzed based on Electrical Conductivity (EC) values and geo-indicators. Analysis of EC values from 54 groundwater samples revealed that 2 samples were classified as moderately saline, and 1 sample was classified as slightly saline. From the groundwater ion values, two of the three samples showed chloride values >400 mg/L. The comparison of the Cl/HCO3-ratio shows that the 2 samples each have a medium and high influence on seawater. The results of the analysis using Geo-indicators with 6 parameters—Increased Ca concentration, Cl/Br Ratio, Na/Cl Ratio, Ca Enrichment, Simpson Ratio, and BEX—indicate the level of vulnerability to seawater. Based on the geo-indicator method, the level of seawater influence on groundwater in the study area is categorized into three categories: moderate influence, low influence, and unaffected. Moderate influence occurs in the southwestern part of the study area, which experiences a high increase in Cl concentration. Low influence occurs in the central and southeastern parts of the study area, while the coastal area and most of the study area are dominated by zones that are unaffected by seawater.
Preliminary Result of Sea Water Intrusion Identification Based on Electric Conductivity Mapping in Balikpapan Coastal Aquifer Area
Authors: Bhaskara Leorizky , Prakasa Eka Putra Doni , Nait Costandji
Published: February 2025

As the population grows, there will inevitably be an increased demand for water to meet daily life needs, including groundwater usage. Excessive use of groundwater significantly impacts groundwater problems, such as seawater intrusion, where seawater moves inland and contaminates groundwater. This phenomenon commonly occurs in coastal areas. Balikpapan is one city potentially affected by seawater intrusion. In this city, most residents living along the coastal areas rely on groundwater from shallow and deep wells as their source of clean water. The significant increase in groundwater usage in these coastal areas facilitates the easy entry of seawater into groundwater aquifers. This research aimed to investigate early signs of seawater intrusion occurring in the coastal areas of Balikpapan. The investigation measured the electrical conductivity (EC) values of groundwater from 36 shallow wells and 9 deep wells distributed across the research site. The investigation results showed that out of these 45 wells, 21 had an EC value of <700 μS/cm, indicating fresh water; 21 had an EC value of 700 - 2,000 μS/cm, indicating slightly saline groundwater; 2 had an EC value of 2,000 - 10,000 μS/cm, indicating moderately saline groundwater; and 1 had an EC value of 10,000 - 20,000 μS/cm, indicating highly saline groundwater. The distribution of groundwater with high EC values is generally found in the northeastern coastal area of Balikpapan, associated with alluvial deposits with moderate to high aquifer productivity
Developing Sustainable Tourism Based on Geological and Mining Heritage in Indonesia
Authors: Rohaendi Nendi , Fahlevi Setiawan Iwan , Herlinawati  , Budiyono Arif
Published: February 2025

Since there is rapid geopark development, geotourism as sustainable tourism is getting popular in many regions in Indonesia. The development of sustainable tourism based on geological heritage and mining heritage is an alternative for managing mined land. This is because some of the geoparks were originally mining areas. The aim of the research is to study the potential sustainable tourism in three geoparks namely Sawahlunto, Pongkor, and one of UNESCO Global Geopark of Belitung. Mining industries have an important role in economic development in Indonesia such as a source of national and local income, however, the negative impact of mining on land change is considerably. Developing sustainable tourism for mined land area is an alternative approach to managing the area as a post mining program. To reach the goal, tourism potential mapping is carried out, as well as qualitative and quantitative assessment in some geopark areas. The result will become useful information for developing an alternative for post-mining land use. The alternative option for post-mining land use is beneficial since Indonesia will frequently plan and implement mine closure. The development of geopark in terms of conservation will be one of the best options for post mining programs. Nevertheless, we need to carefully assess geopark as alternative of mined land because geopark management is complicated. The preliminary result of the research shows the possibility of developing sustainable tourism based on geological heritage and mining heritage.
Limit Equilibrium Method of Slope Stability Analysis: A Case Study of Outlet Tunnel Portal of Bagong Dam East Java Indonesia
Authors: Digdoyo S K , Indrawan I G B , Hidayat R
Published: February 2025

Bagong Dam, located in Trenggalek Regency, has a diversion tunnel. The diversion tunnel is designed as a horseshoe-type tunnel with a diameter of 4 m and a length of 416 m. Although a general engineering geological investigation has been conducted at the dam site, slope stability has yet to be analyzed. This research seeks to categorize rock masses based on the Geological Strength Index (GSI) and evaluate the stability of the slope at the tunnel outlet using the Bishop Simplified and Morgenstern-Price Limit Equilibrium Methods (LEM), considering scenarios with and without seismic load. The results will determine the appropriate slope for the tunnel outlet portal. The data for the LEM analysis were gathered through surface geological mapping, subsurface core sampling, and laboratory testing of the rock samples. The geological engineering of the Bagong Dam tunnel outlet consists of andesite breccia (fair to good), interbedded sandstone clay (poor to good), and poor-quality limestone. The horizontal seismic load coefficient (kh) at this location is 0.175. LEM analysis shows that the portal slope is stable after excavation according to the design, static load shows a safety factor (Fs) = 2.16 > 1.5 using the Bishop Simplified and also shows a safety factor (Fs) = 2.15 > 1.5 using Morgenstren-Price. Post-seismic load analysis also shows a safety factor (Fs) = 1.94 > 1.1 using the Bishop Simplified and also shows a safety factor (Fs) = 1.89 > 1.1 using Morgenstren-Price. Slope failure does not occur because the safety factor values can be achieved using the original slope design, both with and without seismic load.
Identification of Confined Aquifer Layers Using the Electrical Logging Method in Artesian Wells in Parepare City, South Sulawesi
Authors: Hatta A A , Ramli M , Bakri H
Published: February 2025

Groundwater utilization in Pare-Pare City has been intensive since 2017 until now. A case study of groundwater exploitation in Pare-pare City shows that there are 3 artesian wells. However, there is still a lack of references regarding the identification of aquifer layers in these 3 wells. An important first step in improving groundwater management is to develop an understanding of the subsurface groundwater system. Geological structures, and climatological conditions are important to study comprehensively to understand the aquifer layer system. The electrical logging measurement method (SP log and resistivity) is a method used to see in detail the vertical rock lithology. The tool used for electrical logging measurements is the Naniura Model NRD112P mini logger. The results of electrical logging show that the lithology of the 3 artesian wells consists of layers of massive and fractured volcanic breccia rock, as well as layers of lapilli tuff. Of the 3 artesian wells observed, the layer of lapilli tuff and breccia, which has a fracture structure, acts as a confined aquifer layer, while the massive volcanic breccia acts as an aquifuge layer. The resistivity value of the tuff layer is 60 - 140 Ωm, while the volcanic breccia layer with a fractured system is 150 - 190 Ωm. The confining layer is a massive volcanic breccia layer with a resistivity value of 210 - 390 Ωm.
Seawater Intrusion Assessment in Palu Bay, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Nilawardani Catur , Wilopo Wahyu , Adi Baskoro Wursito
Published: February 2025

Palu Bay is a body of water covering the mainland of Palu City and Donggala Regency, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. This phenomenon has made groundwater the city’s primary source of clean water supply, contributing 65.63% of total drinking water and estimated at 2.7 million m3. The community uses shallow or deep wells equipped with pumping systems to fulfill daily needs, but some have reported a brackish taste in the water. Therefore, this research aimed to assess the possibility of seawater intrusion in the area. It was achieved by analyzing the values of Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), chloride ion concentration (Cl−), plotting Cl/Br (bromide) vs Cl, Simpson ratio, sodium chloride ratio, and Base Exchange Index (BEX). The results showed that several areas around Palu Bay indicated seawater intrusion, including Mantikulore and Palu Barat Districts.
Groundwater Vulnerability to Seawater Intrusion in Parangtritis Beach, Yogyakarta Special Province, Indonesia
Authors: Rizqi Imaduddin Faris , Wilopo Wahyu , Sekar Harum Dewi
Published: February 2025

The consequences of increased tourism, population growth, and agricultural activities on groundwater resources are becoming increasingly concerning. The tourism industry in the Parangtritis Tourism Area has been expanding, leading to a rise in the number of hotels and visitors. This growth, along with the expanding population and the demand for groundwater in agriculture, has contributed to a reduction in groundwater reserves. Overexploitation of groundwater can result in several adverse effects, such as declining water tables and deteriorating water quality due to seawater intrusion. Seawater intrusion in coastal areas poses a serious threat, potentially hindering economic development, endangering local cultures, and contaminating groundwater sources. This study is critical as it aims to identify the geological and hydrogeological conditions and assess areas at risk of seawater intrusion in the study area. The research involved observing surface geological conditions, mapping hydrogeology, and applying the GALDIT method to assess the vulnerability to seawater intrusion. The findings reveal diverse lithology in the study area, including fine sand, coarse sand, sandy clay, floatstone, wackestone, andesite, and andesite breccia. Observations from 80 dug wells or boreholes indicated that groundwater use in the study area is limited to an unconfined aquifer with a thickness of up to 101 meters. The GALDIT index results show that the Parangtritis tourism area has a moderate to very high vulnerability to seawater intrusion. Areas with very high vulnerability are primarily concentrated in coastal zones with extensive groundwater usage, covering 4.04% of the total study area. Additionally, high vulnerability areas cover 11.23% of the total research area, characterized by high hydraulic conductivity values in aquifers and dominated by settlements and agricultural land use.
Analysis of Depositional Environment and Geochemical Characteristics of Source Rocks in Mallawa Formation, South Sulawesi Province
Authors: Asaria Cifa Aufariq , Sutadiwira Yarra , Rendy  , Yunita Puteri Amalia , Haykal Yusuf Ariq , Arifin Asri , Ramadana Rahmat , Gamara Miftahul
Published: February 2025

The research conducted on the outcrops of Shale and Coal in the Mallawa Formation in South Sulawesi aims to understand the geochemical characteristics of the source rocks and the geological features to determine their depositional environment. Source rocks, typically fine-grained sedimentary rocks, are where hydrocarbons accumulate. The objective of this study is to analyze the maturity and potential of the parent rocks in the Mallawa Formation, South Sulawesi. The methodology involves field sampling of rock specimens for laboratory analysis, including Total Organic Carbon (TOC), Rock Eval Pyrolysis, %Ro (% Reflectance), GC-MS (Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry), and fossil analysis. By employing these methods, the research aims to provide insights into the hydrocarbon potential and depositional environment of the source rocks within the Mallawa Formation in South Sulawesi. The findings of this study could serve as a basis for further exploration of natural resources in the region.