bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Terson’s syndrome: An interesting case report
Authors: Kaur Rajwinder , Mangla Mehak , Khan Balbir , Kaur Harleen
Published: January 2025

Terson’s syndrome is described as an intra-ocular hemorrhage (sub hyaloid, intraretinal, subretinal bleed, or vitreous) occurring secondary to raised intracranial pressure (ICP) secondary to any intra cranial hemorrhage or traumatic brain injury. This report presents a case of a 34-year-old male who was diagnosed with a ruptured aneurysm of the left middle cerebral artery, which led to intracranial hemorrhage followed by raised ICP. On recovery, he noticed the loss of vision in both eyes. After 2 months, he was brought to an ophthalmologist in wheelchair for further detailed evaluation, where he was diagnosed with bilateral dense vitreous hemorrhage, making him blind (hand movements positive [HM+]) for 2 months. In view of bilateral involvement and HM+ in both eyes, 23G pars plana vitrectomy was performed in both eyes. Hence, a high index of suspicion and early intervention in cases of bilateral dense vitreous hemorrhage can result in a favorable visual outcome (visual acuity of 20/30 in both eyes).
Influences of AC/A ratio and accommodation facility on near vision in presbyopic individuals: A prospective study done on North Indian population by comparing the presbyopic glass users with nonglass users
Authors: Jain Amit Kumar , Rajpoot Suman , Batham Vandana , Singh Praveen Kumar , Rajput Neeraj Singh , Rajput Nirmala
Published: January 2025

Background:

“Presbyopia” is the most common age-related condition of progressive loss of accommodative ability, typically occurs around the fourth decade of life. Accommodative convergence (AC) and accommodation facility (AF) are essential for near vision and play a significant role in presbyopia.

Objectives:

The study aim was to evaluate the influences of Accommodative convergence/accommodation (AC/A) ratio and binocular AF for near vision in presbyopics, by comparing near-glass users and nonglass users.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional, comparative study included 192 patients aged between 38 and 48 years, with 96 patients each in Group A (glass users) and Group B (nonglass users). Distance and near visual acuity were measured using Snellen’s and Jaeger’s charts, respectively. AC/A ratio and binocular AF were assessed by heterophoria method and manual flipper (+2.00/−2.00D lenses), respectively. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS software.

Results:

Mean ± standard deviation age in glass users and nonglass users was 42.41 ± 2.77 and 43.06 ± 2.98 years, respectively; whereas the mean AC/A ratio was 4.07∆D and 3.91∆D, respectively; P = 0.020. The mean binocular AF for distance in glass users and nonglass users was 16.70D and 13.97D, respectively; P = 0.000. Mean binocular AF for near in glass users and nonglass users was 13.72D and 14.00D, respectively, with P = 0.241.

Conclusions:

Our study concludes that wearing of near glasses in presbyopic individuals was associated with a higher deviation of eyes for distance and AC/A ratio with better distance binocular AF; however, wearing of near glasses does not seem to significantly affect the deviation of eyes for near or binocular AF for near objects.
Review of ophthalmology undergraduate teaching curriculum
Authors: Kanagasundaram Sivanthi
Published: January 2025

The undergraduate ophthalmology teaching curriculum within UK medical schools is eroding, with discrepancies among UK medical schools in the exposure to ophthalmology teaching. Understanding how medical schools currently assess competency in ophthalmology helps determine whether these methods are adequate to address the ever-increasing prevalence of eye conditions in the general population. A review of existing literature on the undergraduate ophthalmic medical curriculum was conducted. All relevant literature cited on PubMed and Google Scholar in the English language was reviewed with keywords “Undergraduate Ophthalmology Curriculum” and “Ophthalmology in Medical School.” The inclusion criterion was the ophthalmology curriculum in medical schools in the UK. The exclusion criteria were virtual curriculums adopted during COVID-19 and postgraduate ophthalmology curriculum. The current design of the ophthalmology curriculum in UK medical schools and its fitness for purpose will be critically analyzed with the major schools of the educational theory underpinning the findings. There is a lack of standardized ophthalmic curriculum across UK medical schools, with each institution interpreting the General Medical Council (GMC) framework differently. Undergraduate ophthalmic education seems to be underpinned by competency-based medical education. Although the goals of the curriculum appear to be aligned with the outcomes set out by the GMC, it can be argued that this is merely superficial. The curriculum adopted by UK medical schools allows students to demonstrate competency in the required skills outlined by policymakers. The interpretation of the ambiguous framework has resulted in the undervaluation of the ophthalmic curriculum. To address this issue, governing bodies should consider promoting a standardized curriculum with clear definitions of pathologies students should be familiar with.
Mucopolysaccharidosis: A rare case from ophthalmology perspective
Authors: Patel Santosh Singh , Sahu Rajesh Kumar , Malhotra Reshu , Bhaskar Anju , Chandrakar A. K.
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this article was to report a rare case of mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) type-I, Hurler–Scheie affecting a 10-year-old boy with a combination of ophthalmological, skeletal, neurological, orodental, and radiological findings. MPSs are a group of lysosomal storage disorders caused by inborn errors of glycosaminoglycan metabolism. MPS type-I is a rare autosomal recessive disorder that is clinically progressive caused by deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme, α-L-iduronidase, which is required to break down heparan and dermatan sulfates resulting in progressive accumulation of glycosaminoglycans within the lysosomes, subsequently leading to multiorgan dysfunction and damage. Newer treatment modalities such as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and enzyme-replacement therapy have increased the life span of many MPS patients and created the need to improve the management of ocular symptoms.
Dystrophic Calcinosis Cutis: A Rare Complication Arising From Acne Vulgaris
Authors: Edma Maricor Gin Ontoy , Olivar-Floro Nica Minerva
Published: January 2025

Dystrophic calcinosis cutis is the cutaneous deposition of amorphous calcium due to persistent tissue inflammation. This subtype is frequently associated with connective tissue diseases or can be localized such as seen in long-standing acne vulgaris. We report the case of a 27-year-old, healthy, Filipino male presenting with yellowish plaques on the submandibular and sternal areas. He presents with a history of persistent acne vulgaris on the face and chest. Histopathological findings show calcium deposits as amorphous basophilic material in the dermis. After a thorough literature review, there are only two documented cases of calcinosis cutis arising as a complication from acne vulgaris. It is postulated that chronic inflammation resulted in cutaneous calcium deposition. Emphasis is given on excluding other systemic diseases before establishing its diagnosis. Although there is no consensus on its mainstay treatment, CO2 lasers are good option for calcified lesions on delicate areas of the head-and-neck regions.
Real-world Evidence from a Cluster Survey of Patients Guided by Multi-center Dermatologists toward the Philippine Psoriasis Registry
Authors: Verallo-Rowell Vermén Mendoza , Guillano Victoria Patino , Tinio Patricia Anne Ty , Jamisola Lian Cruz , Eugenio Eliza Cabal
Published: January 2025

Background:

Psoriasis (PsO) is characterized by a chronic relapsing course with mild, moderate, or severe presentations associated with significant physical, mental, emotional, and socioeconomic burdens. To help the patients living with this condition, health agencies, lawmakers, and other stakeholders need accurate information generated from real-world data (RWD).

Objective:

The objective of this study was to derive RWD on demography, disease severity, comorbidities, and treatment regimens utilized by Filipino PsO patients.

Methods:

This prospective noninterventional study collects data from patients with PsO, screened and diagnosed by Philippine Dermatological Society-certified dermatologists through answering the Philippine Psoriasis Registry (PPR) questionnaires.

Results:

Answers by 780 participants to 9 specific questions from demographics to unmet needs at dermatology and rheumatology consultations were tabulated. A majority of patients (86.53%) had moderate-to-severe PsO, and only a few (8.72%) utilized the more effective medications due to socioeconomic factors of the underserved.

Conclusions:

The RWD from this PPR captures a snapshot of the PsO population within the Philippines. This is beneficial for understanding the current state of the population and explores disease progression and efficacy of interventions over time. Information sharing for future research through the strategic dissemination of findings from this study is imperative to enhance the understanding of PsO and its management on both local and global scales.
Optimization strategy for the early therapeutic intervention of bronchoalveolar lavage for preventing Mendelson syndrome in a geriatric patient before general anesthesia
Authors: Mishra Satish Kumar , Reddy Pitchi Chandrakanth , Singh Shalendra , Pandey Gaurav , Subramanian Narayanan
Published: January 2025

Aspiration pneumonia is of great concern in the elderly population, often leading to severe respiratory compromise necessitating ventilator support. This case report highlights the critical care and anesthetic management of a geriatric patient with an intertrochanteric fracture presenting with aspiration pneumonia undergoing orthopedic surgery. The patient’s clinical presentation and application of therapeutic bronchoalveolar lavage as a novel intervention are discussed. The report outlines the critical care and perioperative management strategies employed to ensure optimal outcomes in this challenging clinical scenario.
Costoclavicular block for distal radius open reduction and internal fixation
Authors: Williams Cassandra , Ikram Jibran , Swerchowsky Nicholas , Ayad Sabry
Published: January 2025

Interscalene and supraclavicular brachial plexus nerve blocks are routinely used for upper extremity surgeries, although they carry the risk of phrenic nerve involvement, which can lead to diaphragmatic paralysis. The costoclavicular block is a newer block that may mitigate the risk of this complication while providing similar coverage. Our case involves a patient who presented with a displaced distal radius fracture. He received a preoperative single-shot costoclavicular nerve block before undergoing a distal radius open reduction and internal fixation. The patient did not require any opioids or other pain medications intraoperatively or postoperatively in the post-anesthesia care unit. This case supports the utility of using a costoclavicular nerve block for upper extremity surgeries.
Iatrogenic descending thoracic aorta perforation by pedicle screws as a delayed complication of scoliosis correction surgery. The anesthetic management and TEE role
Authors: Elrefaey Ahmed
Published: January 2025

A 29-year-old lady was referred to us with a rare complication of scoliosis correction surgery. She had two of the screws migrated and penetrated the descending thoracic aorta. She came to theater to have the screws removed and the aorta repaired endovascularly. The successful intervention needed a multidisciplinary team planning, coordinated work, and communication between the four involved teams: anesthesia, vascular surgery, interventional radiology, and spine surgery. There was a lot of anesthetic challenges that were new to us because of the rarity of that complication. In addition, it was another situation where the trans-esophageal echocardiography was found very useful and affected the decision making by visualizing the screws inside the aorta. The outcome was successful, and the patient was discharged home safely, hence, we would like to share our experience in managing this difficult case to help others who might find themselves in a similar situation.
Combined thoracic segmental spinal anesthesia and erector spinae plane block in high-risk patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery: A case series
Authors: Karthik GS , Chandra Mahesh , Sudheer R , Shwetha A H
Published: January 2025

Thoracoscopic surgery in high-risk patients with severe respiratory disease is associated with a high morbidity and mortality rate. Though general anesthesia is the first-line anesthetic strategy for thoracoscopic surgeries, it poses a significant risk. When the hazards of general anesthesia outweigh the benefits of the procedure, there is a moral quandary over whether thoracoscopy should still be the option for patients with severe respiratory disorders. Thoracic segmental spinal anesthesia in combination with erector spinae block may emerge as an excellent alternative to general anesthesia in terms of analgesic efficacy, patient recovery profile, and minimal complication rates if administered by experienced hands. Unfortunately, there is paucity of literature exploring the impact of regional techniques and their outcomes on these patients. In this case series, we aim to emphasize that combined thoracic segmental spinal anesthesia and erector spinae plane block are a safe and effective alternative to general anesthesia in thoracoscopic surgeries.
Bronchial blocker placement for massive hemoptysis
Authors: Loncar Ryan L. , Chiartas Elliott J. , Modlin Sheryl , Ikram Jibran , Ayad Sabry
Published: January 2025

Massive hemoptysis is a life-threatening pathology requiring emergent intervention to prevent airway obstruction and hypovolemic shock. Intubation followed by lung isolation should be urgently performed. We elected to place Fuji Uniblocker (Fuji Systems Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) through an endotracheal tube to isolate a hemorrhage secondary to a cavitary lung lesion caused by a large pulmonary embolus. This article examines lung isolation strategies and addresses the advantages and disadvantages in patients with massive hemoptysis.
USG-guided bilateral sphenopalatine ganglion block: A useful anesthetic adjuvant for trans nasal trans sphenoidal pituitary surgery in a patient with severely low ejection fraction
Authors: Chaudhary Ravi , Payal Yashwant S. , Mohapatra Bishnupriya , Sony Sony , Shekhar Shivam
Published: January 2025

Trans-Nasal Trans-Sphenoidal (TNTS) route has become the preferred conduit for operating on a surgically amenable pathology of pituitary gland. The procedure necessitates close monitoring of perioperative hemodynamic stability, especially in patients with impaired heart function. Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and compromized cardiac function with very low ejection fraction increase the risk of perioperative major adverse cardiac events (MACE). In this case, a 54-year-old obese female, a known case of CAD post-PTCA with left ventricular systolic dysfunction with apical hypokinesia, complete left bundle branch block with an ejection fraction of 30% with hypertension and diabetes in the last 5 years under medication posted for TNTS excision. A combination of regional and general anesthesia was adopted to curb the sympathetic stimulus, blunt the surgical stress response and pressor response at various stimulating time points, and minimize sympathetic stimulation in the perioperative period. Minimal fluctuation in heart rate and blood pressure during the surgery was observed, which was supposedly attributed to sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) block and lignocaine. This case underscores the importance of implementation of USG-guided bilateral SPG block and lignocaine infusion and represents a novel approach in perioperative anesthetic management, particularly for cardiac patients undergoing TNTS surgery with low ejection fraction.
Impact of laparoscopic surgeries on optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) in children
Authors: Yasmeen Mohsina , Sabreen Sumaiya , Bettanayaka Akshay , Nagappa Saraswathi
Published: January 2025

Background:

The pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopic surgeries elevates intracranial ICP because of the increased abdominal pressure, and ICP increases even further in the Trendelenburg position. A new noninvasive method to measure optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) via ultrasonography detects the raised ICP is reliable and inexpensive and can be repeated many times.

Methods:

In this prospective observational study, 23 pediatric patients aged between 5 and 16 years, undergoing elective laparoscopic procedures under general anesthesia, were included. After endotracheal intubation with proper aseptic precautions, ocular ultrasound was performed to measure baseline ONSD in both eyes. Later, pneumoperitoneum was established by maintaining the intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) at 12 cmH2O. Again, ONSD was estimated at 15 minutes of pneumoperitoneum and observed for any variation from the previous readings. The cutoff considered for ONSD was 5 mm, above which the intracranial pressure (ICP) was regarded as increased.

Results:

In our study, the mean age of subjects was 9.67 ± 5.18 years. The majority were males (60.9%). The subjects showed an increase in ONSD at the 15th minute after inducing pneumoperitoneum using abdominal CO2 insufflation, in comparison with the baseline values, in the left eye [4.67 ± 0.48, P 0.016] and the right eye [4.63 ± 0.43]. The readings of ONSD were observed to be <5 mm, not statistically significant.

Conclusion:

USG-guided ONSD measurements serve as a valuable tool in ensuring optimal intra-abdominal pressures and safe administration of anesthesia for patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery, particularly those vulnerable to an increase in ICP.
Perioperative airway management techniques and complications in patients with temporomandibular joint ankylosis: Experience from a tertiary care teaching institute
Authors: Trikha Anjan , Roychoudhury Ajoy , Goswami Devalina , Maitra Souvik , Bhutia Ongkila , Baidya Dalim Kumar
Published: January 2025

Background and Aims:

Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) ankylosis patients pose serious anesthetic challenges due to difficult airway and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). However, data are sparse on anesthetic management and perioperative outcomes of such patients. This study aimed to identify the anesthetic and airway management techniques in children and adolescents with TMJ ankylosis and whether the presence of retrognathia and OSA increases the risk of airway-related complications.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective anesthetic chart review of TMJ ankylosis patients undergoing maxillo-facial surgery from 2008 to 2018 in a tertiary care teaching hospital in India was performed. Available anesthetic data were tabulated and analyzed. Difficult mask ventilation, use of nasopharyngeal airway (NPA), difficult intubation, desaturation at induction and extubation, maneuvers to open the airway at extubation, and any post-operative anesthetic complications were noted.

Results:

Three hundred seventy-two children including 85 patients of OSA were available for analysis. All patients with OSA had retrognathia. Fiber-optic bronchoscopy (FOB) guided intubation was performed in 362 (97.3%) patients. Desflurane and fentanyl were common anesthetics used for the maintenance of anesthesia. Difficult mask ventilation, use of nasopharyngeal airway (NPA) and requirement of airway maneuvers were more common in OSA patients than in non-OSA patients. Difficult mask ventilation was observed in 18.0% and difficult intubation in 12.9% of patients. Desaturation at induction was noted in 5.1% of patients but none required emergency surgical airway access. Maneuvres to open the airway at extubation were required in 24.5% of patients and the incidence of desaturation at extubation was 7.2%. However, no serious adverse event was noted and only one patient required reintubation.

Conclusion:

FOB-guided intubation should be considered the technique of choice in TMJ ankylosis patients. In the presence of retrognathia and OSA chance of difficult mask ventilation, requirement of NPA and difficulty in maintaining the airway after extubation increase significantly.
Pulsed radiofrequency treatment for the management of trigeminal neuropathic pain following tooth extraction: A case report
Authors: Hassan Mohammed , Gormley Conor , Murphy Paul
Published: January 2025

Post-traumatic trigeminal neuropathic pain is one of the rare complications that could follow orofacial procedures such as dental extraction. The incidence of this type of pain following craniofacial trauma ranges between 3% and 13% depending on the type of surgery. The inferior alveolar and lingual nerves are commonly affected following molar tooth extraction. Pain usually differs from one patient to another concerning intensity and distribution. Pulsed radiofrequency treatment is one of the most widely used techniques in chronic pain management. It focuses on generating heat using radiofrequency waves at higher voltages than conventional radiofrequency while keeping tissue temperature below the neuro-destructive range. This report aims to highlight the benefit of using trigeminal ganglion pulsed radiofrequency to manage neuropathic pain following molar extraction.
Vastus lateralis nerve block for knee hardware removal
Authors: Ikram Jibran , Srinivasan Aariya , Williams Cassandra L. , Swerchowsky Nicholas , Ayad Sabry
Published: January 2025

Effective pain management post-knee surgery is critical for recovery and minimizing opioid use. We present a case of a patient undergoing ORIF for a comminuted patellar fracture and subsequent hardware removal because of persistent medial knee pain from hardware prominence. Despite initial opioid administration under general anesthesia, severe postoperative pain necessitated rescue with peripheral nerve blocks. Adductor canal, anterior femoral cutaneous, and vastus lateralis blocks provided significant pain relief without additional opioids. This approach reduces systemic opioid exposure, crucial in the current opioid crisis. Peripheral nerve blocks, especially the vastus lateralis block, effectively managed severe postoperative pain, highlighting their role in opioid-sparing strategies. These findings advocate for the broader adoption of regional anesthesia to enhance perioperative outcomes amid opioid-related challenges while supporting early mobilization and rehabilitation.
Vitamin B12 (hydroxocobalamin) administration in the management of persistent vasoplegic shock
Authors: Ikram Jibran , Williams Cassandra L. , Srinivasan Aariya , Diz Ferre Jose L. , Ayad Sabry
Published: January 2025

Vasoplegia, characterized by low systemic vascular resistance despite normal to high cardiac output, can result from various conditions, including cardiac surgery, and progress to vasoplegic shock if untreated. This case study involves a male in his 70s with multiple risk factors, including a left ventricular ejection fraction of 35%, who developed vasoplegia after taking lisinopril on the day of his elective coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Despite initial management with vasopressors, the patient’s condition necessitated postponing the CABG. The patient was stabilized in the ICU with a combination of vasopressin, epinephrine, norepinephrine, and hydrocortisone, and his vasoplegia was successfully treated with hydroxocobalamin, leading to significant clinical improvement. The patient later underwent a successful CABG without preoperative ACE inhibitor use. This case underscores the potential of hydroxocobalamin as an effective treatment for vasoplegia, particularly following ACE inhibitor use in cardiac surgery patients.
Unconventional use of fiberoptic bronchoscope for Ryle’s tube insertion in a patient with advanced carcinoma of the base of the tongue
Authors: Bharadwaj Abhishek , Mishra Ananya , Sadaf Arish , Jain Vikas
Published: January 2025

Cancers of the head and neck, like the carcinoma base of tongue (BOT), can pose challenges to the insertion of a Ryle’s tube, thereby posing barriers in patient’s nutrition and health. An innovative approach using a fiberoptic bronchoscope for Ryle’s tube insertion in a patient with significant oropharyngeal obstruction due to carcinoma at the base of the tongue. This case report details procedural adaptations and the use of a fiberoptic bronchoscope to facilitate nasogastric tube insertion in a complex clinical scenario. Successful nasogastric tube placement was achieved, enabling improved nutritional support and subsequent oncological treatment. This case underscores the potential of advanced airway management techniques to address enteral feeding challenges in patients with severe anatomical obstructions.
Awake fiberoptic intubation in a pediatric patient with Tessier’s cleft: Navigating the challenges
Authors: Sharma Jyoti , Sharma Ruhi , Mir Mohd A. , Grewal Anju
Published: January 2025

Awake fibreoptic intubation is the gold standard of airway management in anticipated difficult airways. Paediatric patients with orofacial defects pose unique challenges to the anaesthetist as management requires meticulous planning and preparation as well as titration of drugs to maintain spontaneous ventilation without losing the airway. We report a case of an 11-year-old patient with Tessier cleft type 4,6 posted for orbital reconstruction and discuss the management with awake fibreoptic intubation.
Ultrasound-guided deep versus superficial continuous serratus anterior plane block for pain management in patients with multiple rib fractures: A prospective randomized double-blind clinical trial
Authors: Mostafa Mohamed F. , Bakr Mohamed Abdel-Moniem , Seddik Mohamed Ismail , Mahmoud Mohammed Mamdouh Mohammed , Ibrahim Gamal M.A. , Ahmed Ahmed Talaat
Published: January 2025

Background:

Efficient analgesia is the cornerstone in multiple rib fractures (MRFs) management. The serratus anterior plane block (SAPB) shows promising outcomes. However, it is still provocative whether the superficial or deep approach is more effective in the SAPB procedure. We hypothesized that the deep approach of ultrasound (US)–guided continuous SAPB could be superior for MRFs pain management.

Methods:

Sixty-two adult patients having unilateral MRFs, were randomized into two groups to receive continuous superficial SAPB (group S, n = 31) or continuous deep SAPB (group D, n = 31). As a primary outcome, we compared pain numeric rating scale (NRS), while total analgesic consumption, incentive spirometer volume (IS-V), lung ultrasound score (LUSS), basal and 24-h serum beta-endorphin (BE) levels, and any adverse events were secondary outcomes.

Results:

There was a significant reduction in NRS in favor of group D when compared to group S at 30 minutes (P = 0.001) until 12 hours (P = 0.029); total analgesic consumption was significantly lower in group D (P = 0.005). A significant increase in the median IS-V in group D compared to group S at 90 minutes (P = 0.02) and 12h postblock (P = 0.004) LUSS was significantly lower in D group at 90 min, 12 h, and 24 h (P = 0.04, 0.001, 0.031). No significant differences as regards serum BE levels. No adverse events were noted.

Conclusion:

Either superficial or deep continuous SAPB can be used safely and effectively in managing pain related to MRFs. Notably, the deep approach offered superior analgesia and improved deep breathing compared to the superficial.
Tasaheel-v2: Development of Innovative Textual Analysis tool with Advanced Features
Authors: Hemdi Hanen , Assiri Fatmah
Published: January 2025

We introduce Tasaheel-v2, an automated tool specifically developed for Arabic Natural Language Processing (NLP)and textual analysis tasks. This work is an extension to the first version, Tasaheel-v1, comprised of traditional NLP tasksincluding stemming, segmentation, normalization, named entity recognition, and part of speech tagging. Furthermore, itincluded cutting-edge analytic methods, such as specific emotion, polarity, linguistics, and domain-specific word tagging. In thisnew innovative version, Tasaheel-v2, we introduce additional benefiting utilities designed to provide assistance for the Arabicresearch community. We specifically integrate another Arabic-specific POS tagger, a sentiment analyzer, and English-to-Arabictranslation functions. We leverage the utilities provided in Tasaheel to develop a machine-learning model designed to identifyArabic phishing emails and provide a thorough textual analysis to capture deceptive cues used to detect phishing linguisticpatterns. This tool contributes to the Arabic research domain by providing assistive NLP functions and textual analysis featuresall in one tool
Recent Advances in Dysarthric Speech Recognition: Approaches and Datasets
Authors: Alrajhi Tahani , Ykhlef Mourad , Alsanad Ahmed
Published: January 2025

Dysarthria is a neuromotor speech disorder that results from physical disability and limits speech intelligibility. Dysarthric speakers can make use of speech recognition systems to help them communicate more effectively with others. This paper surveys the latest works conducted on dysarthric speech recognition that was carried out in a span of five years, specifically from 2018 until 2023. These works are categorized according to the approach that was followed to improve dysarthric speech recognition. The approaches include data augmentation, enhancement of dysarthric speech, speech and acoustic features, adaptation, and hybridization of multiple approaches.
Investigating Active Learning based on Dynamic Data Selection techniques for Image Classification
Authors: Kammoun Salma
Published: January 2025

This paper explores the efficacy of Active Learning (AL) techniques, specifically focusing on Dynamic Data Selection (DDS), for improving image classification tasks. AL is a machine learning paradigm that enables the automatic selection of the most informative data samples for annotation, thereby reducing the annotation burden and enhancing model performance. In this study, we investigate the integration of DDS techniques with AL strategies to iteratively select the most informative image samples for model training. We use a fine-tuned VGG16 as the underlying classification model due to their effectiveness in image analysis tasks. Our experimental evaluation involves comparing the performance of fine-tuned VGG16 trained with three AL-based DDS techniques on Arabic sign language dataset. We analyze various DDS strategies, including Random selection, Entropy-based selection, and margin selection to determine their impact on model accuracy and annotation efficiency. The results of our study demonstrate the effectiveness of margin selection method-based AL approach in improving the performance of recognition of 32 hand gestures for Arabic sign language (95.3 \%) while minimizing the annotation effort.
A Multi-Label Code Comment Classifier using BERT
Authors: Shibli Zarah , Albassam Emad
Published: January 2025

Code comments play an essential role in software development by providing documentation, explanations, and clarifications for program logic and functionality. It is crucial to effectively classify code comments to improve software maintainability and collaboration in the face of a growing amount of code. Developers can easily identify and comprehend different code sections' purpose, behavior, and requirements by accurately classifying code comments. This paper presents a novel approach utilizing multi-label classification to enhance code comment classification in three programming languages: Python, Pharo, and Java. We employ BERT, a widely used language model, and achieve an F1 score of 0.64 through experimentation. Our proposed approach facilitates the understanding and managing code comments, making software development more efficient and productive. Additionally, our approach can be extended to other programming languages and serve as a foundation for further research in code comment classification.
Mpox Recrudescence after SARS-CoV-2 Coinfection in a Patient with AIDS
Authors: Liu Yaqing , Zou Shi , Song Shihui , Wan Yingcai , Wu Jianbo , Luo Mingqi , Guo Wei , Liang Ke
Published: January 2025

People living with HIV (PLWH) are known to exhibit more severe or prolonged symptoms of mpox (formerly monkeypox). However, the impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on PLWH with mpox has not been adequately described. We report a case of mpox in an AIDS patient who had recurrent symptoms due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. The patient presented with a low CD4+ lymphocyte count (CD4 count) without antiretroviral therapy (ART) and suffered from severe mpox. The ART was initiated 17 days after the diagnosis of mpox, and the patient’s skin lesions began crusting after 1 week of ART. However, after a SARS-CoV-2 infection, the mpox flared up again. The patient presented with more severe symptoms than those during the initial bout and with rectal involvement. We speculate that SARS-CoV-2 infection might cause a recrudescence of mpox in AIDS patients, which requires further investigation.
A Rapid On-Site Detection Method for Plasmodium falciparum Carried by Mosquitoes Using Disc Microfluidic Isothermal Amplification
Authors: Jiang Ning , Bai Jie , Shan Wenqi , Zhou Qiuming , Dong Haowei , Yuan Hao , Zhong Wenbing , Li Xiangyu , Ma Yajun , Li Ping , Peng Heng
Published: January 2025

Rapidly identifying Anopheles-carrying malaria parasites is crucial for imported malaria prevention. However, suitable methods still lack quick detection in limited-resource situations. In this study, disc microfluidic isothermal amplification integrating loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and microfluidic chip technology were applied to develop rapid and precise detection with low resource requirements. Primer set EMP1G2, which is specific to Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) erythrocyte membrane protein 1, and primer set 18sG2, which is specific to ribosomal 18s subunit RNA, were screened for optimal LAMP-specific primer sets. The minimum detection limits were 125 copies/µL for the EMP1G2 and 6,562 copies/µL for the 18sG2. Subsequently, optimal primer sets were evaluated for specificity with nucleic acid from other mosquito-borne pathogens and arthropod vectors. No nonspecific amplification was observed in optimal amplification-specific primer sets with the DNA of Anopheles mosquitoes and morphologically similar arthropods or with the copy DNA of Zika virus, yellow fever virus, or dengue virus 1. The detection method was evaluated in a simulated scenario and demonstrated a robust capacity for rapid on-site detection. Additionally, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and quantitative real-time PCR methods were compared using this method. In this study, a rapid detection method based on disc microfluidic isothermal amplification was developed that could be used to detect P. falciparum carried by mosquitoes in a field setting under limited resource conditions.
Penyuluhan Kesehatan Mengenai Pengenalan Gangguan Kesehatan Pencernaan: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Dan Penanganannya
Authors: Indriastuti Diah , Rangki La , Purnamasari Yenti , Tahiruddin Tahiruddin
Published: January 2025

lama. Penyakit ini terkait dengan gaya hidup dan mudah kambuh saat penderitanya stres. Karena keduanya menyebabkan perih dan tekanan di dada, nyeri dada akibat GERD mirip dengan serangan jantung. Meskipun demikian, ada beberapa hal yang membedakan keduanya. Gerd terjadi ketika asam lambung naik kembali ke esofagus atau kerongkongan. Akibatnya, kerongkongan mengalami iritasi. Padatnya aktivitas masyarakat seringkali menyebabkan terganggunya pola makan, sehingga membutuhkan keteraturan dalam penentuan jam makan. Selain itu menu makan juga harus yang memenuhi kriteria sehat dan tidak mudah menyebabkan iritasi pencernaan. Masyarakat cenderung mengkonsumsi makanan yang berbumbu tajam dan pedas sesuai tren yang sedang berkembang. Peserta penyuluhan menyebutkan bahwa seringkali melewatkan jam makan pagi atau sarapan dan pada saat makan siang mengkonsumsi makanan pedas dan berbumbu tajam. Hal ini dapat menjadi pemicu kejadian infeksi pencernaan dan gangguan pada lambung, terutama maag yang dapat memicu kejadian GERD. Sehingga penyuluhan kesehatan mengenai makanan sehat untuk penceraan juga penting untuk diberikan kepada masyarakat. Pemberian leaflet berguna untuk pengingat klien apabila ingin mengulangi informasi yang didapatkan saat penyuluhan. Selain itu dapat bermanfaat bagi keluarga klien yang dapat ikut membaca isi dari leaflet. Sehingga lebih banyak orang mengetahui mengenai penyakit GERD dan penanganannya.
 
Abstract. GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease) is a chronic disease of the digestive system. This disease is closely related to lifestyle and easily recurs when the sufferer is stressed. Chest pain due to GERD is similar to a heart attack, because both cause a burning sensation and pressure in the chest. However, there are several things that make the two different. Gerd occurs when stomach acid rises back into the esophagus. As a result, the esophagus becomes irritated. The density of community activities often disrupts eating patterns, so that regularity is needed in determining meal times. In addition, the menu must also meet healthy criteria and not easily cause digestive irritation. People tend to consume foods that are spicy and hot according to current trends. Counseling participants said that they often skip breakfast and eat spicy and hot foods at lunch. This can trigger digestive infections and stomach disorders, especially ulcers that can trigger GERD. So health education about healthy food for digestion is also important to be given to the community. The provision of leaflets is useful as a reminder for clients if they want to repeat the information obtained during the education. In addition, it can be useful for the client's family who can also read the contents of the leaflet. So that more people know about GERD and its treatment.
PENGEMBANGAN LKPD BERBASIS GEOGEBRA DAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIKA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS VII SMPN 17 KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Nesta Ridho Agio , Susanta Agus , Haji Saleh
Published: January 2025

This study aims to produce GeoGebra-based and Problem-Based Learning (PBL) worksheets (LKPD) that are valid, practical, and effective in improving the understanding of mathematical concepts among seventh-grade students at SMPN 17 Kota Bengkulu. The research employs development studies methods with preliminary and prototyping phases through formative evaluation, including self-evaluation, one-on-one, expert review, small group, and field tests. The results indicate that the LKPD is deemed valid based on expert reviews and one-on-one evaluations after revisions in content, construction, and language. The LKPD is also practical and easy for students to use, as evidenced by small group trials and student feedback. The effectiveness of the LKPD is demonstrated by an increase in the average mathematics scores and classical learning completeness, with 89.28% of students achieving scores above the minimum mastery criterion (KKM) ≥ 75. This indicates that the GeoGebra-based and PBL LKPD is effective in enhancing students' understanding of mathematical concepts
PENGARUH HABITS OF MIND DAN SELF EFFICACY TERHADAP BERPIKIR KRITIS DI SMP NEGERI 6 KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Juliani Linda Yeka , Hanifah Hanifah , Haji Saleh
Published: January 2025

This study aims to investigate the influence of habits of mind and self efficacy on students' critical thinking. A quantitative approach with an ex post facto method was employed for this research. The population consisted of students from SMP Negeri 6 Bengkulu City totaling 103 students. Instruments utilized included a critical thinking test, a habits of mind questionnaire, and a self efficacy questionnaire. Multiple Linear Regression was employed for data analysis. The results indicate that habits of mind and self efficacy significantly and positively influence critical thinking. The independent variables, habits of mind and self efficacy, explained 26.2% of the variation in the dependent variable, critical thinking, while the remaining 73.8% was influenced by factors not included in the study model
ANALISIS BUTIR SOAL STATISTIKA MODEL SUMMATIVE EVALUATION ASSESSMENT MENGGUNAKAN MODEL RASCH
Authors: Munali Munali , Alifah Siti
Published: January 2025

The summative evaluation assessment model is a model combining formative assessment and summative assessment. Learning outcomes in Statistics courses were measured using the summative evaluation assessment model on students of the Information Systems Study Program at Indraprastha PGRI University Jakarta even semester of the 2023/2024 academic year as many as 185 students. The purpose of this study was to analyze the items of the summative evaluation assessment model of the Statistics Course as many as 13 items. This research uses quantitative methodology. Items analysis using the Rasch Model. The results of the study, namely: 1) as many as 4 items fit from 13 items, 2) item 11 is a difficult item with an item measure score of 0.55 logit, and item 12 is an easy item with an item measure score of -0.32 logit, 3) the instrument reliability score of 0.49 shows an unfulfilled category, and 4) the item reliability score of 0.98 shows an excellent category. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the summative evaluation assessment model has not been maximised by lecturers. This is because lecturers have not been maximized in providing feedback on formative assessments and summative assessments. The researcher recommends the next research on how lecturers provide maximum feedback to students on formative assessments and summative assessments.
EKSPLORASI ETNOMATEMATIKA PADA MASJID AL-ALAM CILINCING
Authors: Mardiyati Ana Putri , Al Hasyir Muhammad Izdad , Khotimah Silvia Khusnul , Mulyatna Fauzi
Published: January 2025

Mathematics and culture are two things that are closely related to people's lives. Ethnomathematics can be an approach to learning mathematics to make it easier for students to understand mathematical concepts. Historical buildings can be objects for observing mathematical concepts. Al-Alam Mosque is one of the historic buildings in Jakarta which was built in 1520 AD. The Al-Alam Mosque was built by Sultan Fatahillah with the aim of spreading Islam as well as being a witness to the Portuguese liberation event from Sunda Kelapa. This research uses qualitative methods with an ethnographic approach. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews and documentation. The ethnomathematics exploration of the Al-Alam Mosque that was studied was the geometric concept of the mosque building. In mosque buildings, mathematical concepts are found, which include flat shapes, spatial shapes, angular shapes and symmetrical shapes. This is an alternative solution to increase students' interest in studying mathematics by linking history and culture in everyday life
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIS SISWA SMP KELAS VIII DITINJAU MOTIVASI BELAJAR
Authors: Sabrina Fadya Putri , Utami Rini
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to evaluate students' willingness to learn mathematics by measuring their ability to solve mathematical problems in flat-sided geometric material. Qualitative descriptive research is employed in this research approach. The subjects were SMP Islam YMI Wonopringgo class VIII E students in the even semester of the 2023–2024 school year. Six of the 33 pupils were chosen at random depending on their levels of learning motivation—high, medium, and low. Tests, questionnaires, and interviews were used in the data collecting process. By doing data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, data were studied. Six students (18%) fell into the high motivation category, twenty students (61%) fell into the medium category, and seven students (21%) fell into the low category. Based on the degree of student learning motivation, Polya's indicators of problem-solving skills were used to build the analysis. According to the study's findings, students with high learning motivation can complete three indicators, those in the medium group can complete one, and students in the low category are not proficient in completing all of the indicators
EKSPLORASI ETNOMATEMATIKA PADA RUMAH ADAT JOGLO DI KELURAHAN JAGALAN, BANGUNTAPAN BANTUL
Authors: Lestari Endang Dwi , Suhendri Huri , Alamsyah Mashudi
Published: January 2025

This research aims to identify and describe the mathematical concepts contained in the Joglo Traditional House in Jagalan sub-district (Omah UGM). The research method used is ethnomathematics with the research object being the Joglo Traditional House. Source of research data: research object, namely the Joglo traditional house, three sources consisting of: two managers and one elder, and related documents discussing the Joglo traditional house. Data collection techniques used: observation, interviews, and documentation. Research instruments used: observation guide, interview guide, and document study guide. Based on the research results obtained and data analysis, it was concluded that in the Joglo Traditional House there are mathematical concepts, namely: spatial shapes, flat shapes, lines, angles and geometric transformations
PENGEMBANGAN (LKPD) DENGAN PENDEKATAN (STEM) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIS SISWA
Authors: Zebua Siska Yanti , Mendrofa Ratna Natalia , Telaumbanua Yakin Niat , Zega Yulisman
Published: January 2025

This research aims to develop a Learner Worksheet (LKPD) with Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) approach to improve students' mathematical problem-solving ability that is valid, practical, and effective. Students' mathematical problem-solving ability that is valid, practical, and effective. This research is development research (Research and Development) with the ADDIE development model which consists of 5 stages of development, namely analysis, Design stages, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The results showed that the LKPD with the STEM approach on the material “quadrilateral and triangle” has met the criteria of valid, effective, and effective. and triangle” have met the criteria of valid, practical, and effective. The validity results validity results obtained from material experts, linguists, and design experts obtained an average of 74.95%, while the practical results obtained were average of 74.95%, while the practical results of students obtained an average of 90.61%, and practical practical results of 90.61%, and the effectiveness test results obtained an average of 72,97. It can be concluded that the LKPD with the STEM approach is categorized as very valid, very practical, and very effective for improving students' mathematical problem solving skills. Students' mathematical problem-solving ability.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MANUFACTURER VS. RETAILER REFURBISHING MODELS: PROFITABILITY, PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY, AND STRATEGIC IMPLICATIONS
Authors: Sudibyo Nugroho Arif , Farida Anisatul , Kurdhi Nughthoh Arfawi
Published: January 2025

This paper explores the profitability and operational efficiency of refurbishing models managed by manufacturers versus retailers, focusing on equilibrium pricing, production quantities, and profit outcomes in each scenario. It reveals that the retailer refurbishing model often leads to higher production quantities and greater profitability for manufacturers, particularly when refurbishing costs are significant or when manufacturers do not achieve notable efficiency gains through intelligent manufacturing. In contrast, the manufacturer refurbishing model may be less advantageous when these conditions are unfavorable. The findings underscore the need for manufacturers to carefully assess refurbishing costs, potential efficiency improvements, and market dynamics before selecting a refurbishing strategy. This study provides practical insights for optimizing refurbishing decisions and contributes to the broader understanding of supply chain management. Additionally, it sets the foundation for future research on how emerging technologies and market trends may influence the effectiveness of different refurbishing models.