bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epilogue
Authors: Michney Todd M.
Published: September 2017

By the mid-1970s, upwardly mobile middle-class African Americans were increasingly departing neighbourhoods like Glenville, Mount Pleasant, and Lee-Harvard for a number of nearby bona fide suburbs. As a result, such former “surrogate suburbs” began to lose their lustre, although a core (generally elderly), home-owning black middle class still remains in these outlying city neighbourhoods to this day. Starting in the 1990s, Cleveland experienced a wave of predatory lending that culminated in the 2008 foreclosure crisis. Although middle class blacks in Cleveland as elsewhere have been disproportionately impacted by this trend, they have continued their historic strategy of outward geographic mobility in search of acceptable living conditions, even to the farthest metropolitan limits.
The Soldier’s Rest
Authors: White Jonathan W.
Published: September 2017

Campaigning and fighting during the Civil War caused Union and Confederate soldiers to lose a tremendous amount of sleep. Battle, weather, animals, noises, drill, and rolicking comrades all conspired to deprive soldiers of their much needed rest. Despite this hardship, soldiers found bedtime to be a moment each day when they could commune with loved ones at home. In letters home soldiers loved to describe their beds, or remark on the quality of their sleep. They intuitively understood that sleep was a common experience that civilians back home could relate to and understand.
President's Kitchen Cabinet
Authors: Miller Adrian
Published: September 2017

This book provides a historical survey of African Americans involved in food service for U.S. presidents and the First Families. The main themes of this book are that these African Americans were culinary artists, family confidantes, and, at times, civil rights advocates. Instead of going by chronological order through each presidential administration, the book is organized by investigating different categories of presidential food service professionals: bartender, butler, caterer, chef, cook, guest chef, maid, maître d'hôtel, steward, and usher. Within each category, select African Americans are profiled. The profiles detail: the personal backgrounds of the presidential cooks; how they entered presidential food service; the material conditions of their workspace; what their typical day was like; how the racial attitudes of the president, the First Family, in Washington, D.C. and the broader society and the society around them have affected their status as White House workers and their workplace; and how they related to the presidents for whom they worked. The book also illuminates the different approaches that U.S. presidents have had towards the food operations at the executive residence, whether that be at the White House, or when the president travels elsewhere. The book concludes with a look at how the contemporary White House kitchen operates, how it inspires young people to the profession, and the prospects for future African American presidential chefs. Each chapter ends with actual presidential recipes or some inspired by select U.S. presidents.
Seeing through a Glass Darkly
Authors: Miller Adrian
Published: September 2017

This chapter explores the ways that presidents have used beverages as either subterfuge or a symbol for their presidency. This chapter shows how the power of the U.S. temperance movement in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries affected the public drinking habits of presidents and the presence of alcoholic drinks at White House functions. Such power also affected public acknowledgement of a wine cellar in the White House and to what extent such cellar was stocked with wine. This chapter chronologically profiles Arthur Brooks (White House wine cellar custodian), Charles Ficklin (White House wine steward), and Alonzo Fields. The chapter elaborates on presidential drinkways through a succession of beverages: wine, punch, eggnog, cocktails, and beer. The chapter ends with recipes for Inauguration punch, White House eggnog, and White House honey ale.
Hunting Survivals
Authors: Cooper Melissa L.
Published: September 2017

Chapter 3 follows the production of 1920s and 1930s Sapelo reports, illustrating how ideas about African survivals and the Gullah inside and outside of the academe touched down on the island and in the region. Chapter 3 investigates W. Robert Moore's, Lydia Parrish's and Lorenzo D. Turner's work in coastal Georgia and on Sapelo. Their interactions with the Islanders and their African survivals theories are also analyzed in this chapter.
Silk Stockings and Socialism
Authors: McConnell-Sidorick Sharon
Published: September 2017

The 1920s Jazz Age is remembered for flappers and speakeasies, not for the success of a declining labor movement. A more complex story was unfolding among the young women and men in the hosiery mills of Kensington, the working-class heart of Philadelphia. Their product was silk stockings, the iconic fashion item of the flapper culture then sweeping America and the world. Although the young people who flooded into this booming industry were avid participants in Jazz Age culture, they also embraced a surprising, rights-based labor movement, headed by the socialist-led American Federation of Full-Fashioned Hosiery Workers (AFFFHW).
In this first history of this remarkable union, Sharon McConnell-Sidorick reveals how activists ingeniously fused youth culture and radical politics to build a subculture that included dances and parties as well as picket lines and sit-down strikes, while forging a vision for social change. In documenting AFFFHW members and the Kensington community, McConnell-Sidorick shows how labor federations like the Congress of Industrial Organizations and government programs like the New Deal did not spring from the heads of union leaders or policy experts but were instead nurtured by grassroots social movements across America.
The Evolution of a Fighting Union
Authors: McConnell-Sidorick Sharon
Published: September 2017

This chapter discusses the early hosiery union and the major strikes of 1919 and 1921 that served to bring two factions of the union together into a united organization within the American Federation of Labor. It looks at the product, the industry expansion, the establishment of a "fighting" treasury and examples of the union's efforts to support the broader labor movement. The chapter also introduces some important union leaders and the organizing campaigns in the South and Midwest, as part of the "follow the shops" movement.
Epilogue
Authors: McConnell-Sidorick Sharon
Published: September 2017

While the book is primarily concerned with the 1920s and 1930s and the road to the New Deal and the CIO, a short epilogue ties up some loose ends about the later years of the union and the community of Kensington. It discusses the expulsion of the hosiery workers from the CIO, the decline of industry and parts of Kensington, the decline of the union under the Taft Hartley Act and McCarthyism, and the continued activism of some former hosiery workers, labor feminists, and other community residents.
Covering Home
Authors: Davis Katie
Published: September 2017

Katie Davis punches a sort of hole in the traditional wall between reporter and subject. In her Neighborhood Stories, she does not simply document the lives of teenagers in her Washington, D.C., community. She’s active in their lives, and they’re an important part of hers. She runs youth programs and acts as mentor and sometimes surrogate parent to neighborhood teens. In her Reality Radio essay, Katie tells how she came to make pieces about those teens, and about the lessons she’s learned from them.
Cigarettes and Dance Steps
Authors: Hall Alan
Published: September 2017

Alan Hall, a London-based freelancer who makes features for the BBC, is a trained composer who brings a consciously musical sensibility to his radio features. For him, the grince of a flicked cigarette lighter, used repeatedly in an audio portrait of a former Iraq War soldier, can serve as a powerful, musical pulse, freighted with meaning. Some of those meanings can be articulated, some only felt. Alan wants to use sound to “drill bore holes into the deeper recesses of consciousness.”
Finding the Beats
Authors: Washington Glynn
Published: September 2017

Glynn Washington is the creator and host of Snap Judgment. He emerged as a winner of the Public Radio Talent Quest, a kind of American Idol for media nerds, in 2008. Snap delivers “storytelling with a beat,” as Glynn puts it. He annotates a story about the discovery of a deceased rapper’s record collection and cassette tapes, a story he didn’t believe was going to work but which became one of his favorites.
Bias correction of surface downwelling longwave and shortwave radiation for the EWEMBI dataset
Authors: Lange Stefan
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Many meteorological forcing datasets include bias-corrected surface downwelling longwave and shortwave radiation (rlds and rsds). Methods used for such bias corrections range from multi-year monthly mean value scaling to quantile mapping at the daily time scale. An additional downscaling is necessary if the data to be corrected have a higher spatial resolution than the observational data used to determine the biases. This was the case when EartH2Observe (E2OBS; Calton et al., 2016) rlds and rsds were bias-corrected using more coarsely resolved Surface Radiation Budget (SRB; Stackhouse Jr. et al., 2011) data for the production of the meteorological forcing dataset EWEMBI (Lange, 2016). This article systematically compares various parametric quantile mapping methods designed specifically for this purpose. The methods vary in the time scale at which they operate, in their way of accounting for physical upper radiation limits, and in their approach to bridging the spatial resolution gap between E2OBS and SRB. It is shown how temporal and spatial variability deflation related to bilinear interpolation and other deterministic downscaling approaches can be overcome by downscaling the target statistics of quantile mapping from the SRB to the E2OBS grid such that sub-SRB-grid scale spatial variability present in the original E2OBS data is retained. Cross-validations at the daily and monthly time scale reveal that it is worthwhile to take empirical estimates of physical upper limits into account when adjusting either radiation component and that, overall, bias correction at the daily time scale is more effective than bias correction at the monthly time scale if sampling errors are taken into account. A validation against independent ground observations from the Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN; König-Langlo et al., 2013) suggests that the bias correction of E2OBS surface downwelling radiation using SRB data that was done for the production of EWEMBI had a positive and neutral overall effect on rlds and rsds, respectively. Using any of the other methods tested here would have given similar results as the biases relative to BSRN remaining after bias correction are dominated by the corresponding SRB data biases.
EFFICIENT LANE DETECTION BASED ON ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors: Arce F. , Zamora E. , Hernández G. , Sossa H.
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Lane detection is a problem that has attracted in the last years the attention of the computer vision community. Most of approaches used until now to face this problem combine conventional image processing, image analysis and pattern classification techniques. In this paper, we propose a methodology based on so-called Ellipsoidal Neural Networks with Dendritic Processing (ENNDPs) as a new approach to provide a solution to this important problem. The functioning and performance of the proposed methodology is validated with a real video taken by a camera mounted on a car circulating on urban highway of Mexico City.
GEOMETRIC MODELLING OF TREE ROOTS WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF DETAIL
Authors: Guerrero Iñiguez J. I.
Published: September 2017

Abstract. This paper presents a geometric approach for modelling tree roots with different Levels of Detail, suitable for analysis of the tree anchoring, potentially occupied underground space, interaction with urban elements and damage produced and taken in the built-in environment. Three types of tree roots are considered to cover several species: tap root, heart shaped root and lateral roots. Shrubs and smaller plants are not considered, however, a similar approach can be considered if the information is available for individual species. The geometrical approach considers the difficulties of modelling the actual roots, which are dynamic and almost opaque to direct observation, proposing generalized versions. For each type of root, different geometric models are considered to capture the overall shape of the root, a simplified block model, and a planar or surface projected version. Lower detail versions are considered as compatibility version for 2D systems while higher detail models are suitable for 3D analysis and visualization. The proposed levels of detail are matched with CityGML Levels of Detail, enabling both analysis and aesthetic views for urban modelling.
FROM INTERNET OF THINGS TO SMART DATA FOR SMART URBAN MONITORING
Authors: Gastaud E.
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Cities are facing some of the major challenges of our time: global warming, pollution, waste management, energy efficiency. The territory of the Metropolis of Lyon, France, which brings together 59 municipalities, for a total of 1.3 million inhabitants, has launched a smart city policy aimed, among other things, at finding solutions for these issues. The data platform set up in 2013 is one of the cornerstones of this policy. In this context, the Metropolis of Lyon is deploying solutions that will enable, through the collection of new data, to implement monitoring and action tools in several fields. As part of a European innovation project called "bIoTope", focused on the development of new services based on the Internet of Things, a multidisciplinary team is implementing a system to mitigate the effects of global warming in the city. Thanks to various connected objects allowing a true monitoring of the trees, and by using different data sources, an automatic and intelligent irrigation system is developed. In the field of waste management, several hundred containers in which the inhabitants throw away their used glass for recycling will soon be equipped with fill rate sensors. The main objective is to have this network of sensors interact easily with the container collection trucks. Expected results are an optimization of the collection, thus less fuel consumed, less noise, less traffic jam. The Metropolis of Lyon also participates in the "Smarter Together" project, focused on the development of intelligent duplicable solutions for cities, in the field of energy. A digital tool for analysing consumption and energy production at the level of a neighbourhood is currently being developed. This requires both interfaces with multiple partners, the development of a data model reflecting the reality of the terrain, from the sensors to the buildings, and the implementation of a visualization tool.
Squirt flow due to interfacial water films in hydrate bearing sediments
Authors: Sell Kathleen , Quintal Beatriz , Kersten Michael , Saenger Erik H.
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Sediments containing gas hydrate dispersed in the pore space are known to show a characteristic seismic anomaly which is a high attenuation along with increasing seismic velocities. Currently, this observation cannot be fully explained albeit squirt-flow type mechanisms at the microscale have been speculated to be the cause. Recent major findings from in-situ experiments coupled with high-resolution synchrotron-based X-ray micro-tomography revealed a systematic presence of thin water films between the quartz grains and the encrusting hydrate. In this study, the data was obtained from the experiments and underwent an image processing procedure to quantify the thicknesses and geometries of the aforementioned interfacial water films. Overall, the water films vary from sub-μm to a few μm in thickness where some of them are interconnected by water bridges. This geometrical analysis is then used to propose a new conceptual squirt flow model for hydrate bearing sediments. Subsequently the established model acts as a direct model input to obtain seismic attenuation. Our results support previous speculations that squirt flow can explain high attenuation at seismic frequencies in hydrate bearing sediments, but based on a conceptual squirt flow model which is different than those previously considered.
Preparing for Pandemic Influenza: The Global 1918 Influenza Pandemic and the Role of World Historical Information
Authors: Chandra Siddharth , Christensen Julia
Published: September 2017

The 1918 “Spanish Influenza” was one of the three most devastating epidemics known to humankind. Today it is taken as a model of possible future pandemics by health authorities in many countries. This study reviews and assesses the qualitative and quantitative studies of the 1918 pandemic. It shows that the qualitative studies, while wide-ranging, are neither consistent nor comprehensive at the global level. The quantitative studies, in turn, are limited to the national level and have yet to be combined into a picture of the global dynamics of the pandemic.Existing studies have considered such issues as mortality waves (from one to three waves for each region of the epidemic), patterns of global diffusion, and the age profile of mortality (often noting high mortality among young adults). Nevertheless, studies of these factors need to be pursued in greater depth. Additional questions, identified by the authors as worthy of analysis, include lingering effects (such as impact on fertility), the relationship between population and mortality, and the relationship between climate and mortality.It is argued that preparation for pandemic influenza is now a security issue, and that historical studies need to be organized on a more systematic and global level in order to prepare a thorough picture of the 1918 pandemic, in order to anticipate the possible character of any future infections. The study concludes with practical suggestions for creating a global picture of the pandemic from its unfolding in 1918 to its expiration in 1921.
"It’s more like we want to come to this": Program Engagement in a Sexual Health Youth Leadership Council
Authors: Wilson Christyl Yensuahte-Ardina , Seitz Scot , Broomfield-Massey Kimberly , Whitehead Lucy , Mangia Julia , McDonald Pridgeon Keri , Kuperminc Gabriel
Published: September 2017

Participants in the Looking Out for the Youth (L.O.F.T.Y) Crew, a sexual-health youth leadership council, reported and exhibited high engagement within the program. Understanding program characteristics that contribute to engagement is important because engagement is associated with positive outcomes for youth and program sustainability. According to self-determination theory (Ryan & Deci, 2000), programs that meet youth’s needs for autonomy, relatedness, and competence are more likely to facilitate sustained engagement. This qualitative study examined youth perceptions about the components of the program that contributed to engagement. We conducted focus group and interviews with L.O.F.T.Y Crew participants (N=42). With self-determination theory as a framework, we analyzed the data using a directed content analysis approach. Our analyses yielded five themes related to program engagement: ownership, youth voice, meaningful peer connection, adults as mentors, and increased knowledge and skills. Overall, the results provide support for self-determination theory. Importantly, by identifying specific action steps that can be implemented to increase youth engagement, this qualitative study can help practitioners translate theory to action.
Derivation on Vinberg rings
Authors: Devi Gangireddy Lakshmi , Jayalakshmi Karamsi
Published: September 2017

A nonassociative ring which contains a well-known associative ring or left symmetric ring also known as Vinberg ring is of great interest. A method to construct Vinberg nonassociative ring is given; Vinberg nonassociative ring  is shown as simple; all the derivations of nonassociative simple Vinberg  algebra defined are determined; and finally in solid algebra it is shown that if  is a nonzero endomorphism of , then  is an epimorphism.
Examining the Learning Environment and Academic Performance in a Tertiary 3D Animation Course in Macau
Authors: Tsai Kuan-Chen
Published: September 2017

A significant effort has been made to study the impacts of the learning environment on students’ academic performance. The main purpose of the current study was to investigate the possible link between the learning environment in a university and learning outcomes in students Chinese educational settings. The sample used in this study consisted of 128 students (recruiting from the third-year art and design program) from one private university in Macau. The results of the Pearson correlation showed us that the students’ perception of their learning environment was not related to their academic performance. When we treated gender, residency status, and students’ perception of their learning environment as independent variables to predict their academic performance, we again found that in the regression model, students’ perception of their learning environment could not predict their academic performance. A number of limitations were also discussed; as a result, the interpretation of this study should be considered tentative.
Habitus imigrante e capital de mobilidade: a teoria de Pierre Bourdieu aplicada aos estudos migratórios
Authors: Oliveira Márcio de , Kulaitis Fernando
Published: September 2017

O presente artigo apresenta os conceitos de habitus imigrante e capital de mobilidade, derivados da Teoria da Prática proposta por Pierre Bourdieu (1930-2002), como ferramentas para compreender as estratégias de agentes em processos migratórios. Em seguida à revisão e discussão sobre a origem e os fundamentos teóricometodológicos dos conceitos de habitus e capital, aplicamos os conceitos propostos em duas pesquisas recentes: os brasileiros no Québec e os haitianos no Brasil. Através da análise de depoimentos e das estratégias dos migrantes em questão, verificamos em que medida os projetos migratórios são frutos de um sistema de disposições, o habitus imigrante, e como ele se transforma em um conjunto de propriedades específicas, aqui denominado de capital de mobilidade. Em conclusão, estabelecemos que a decisão voluntária de migrar e os processos de integração estão interligados e dependem da força do habitus interiorizado e da quantidade de capital acumulado.
Cirurgias estéticas étnicas e migração em Portugal e Espanha
Authors: Ennes Marcelo Alario , Ramos Natália
Published: September 2017

O objetivo do presente artigo é refletir sobre o significado da realização de cirurgias estéticas étnicas, no contexto do interculturalismo e da sociedade de consumo e sua relação com as migrações internacionais. A prática das cirurgias estéticas étnicas por imigrantes remonta ao final do século XIX e ganha novos significados na sociedade contemporânea. O artigo baseia-se em narrativas coletadas com cirurgiões plásticos de Coimbra, Lisboa e Madri, no ano de 2014 e foram obtidas por meio de entrevistas presenciais, orientadas por um roteiro semiestruturado, e seu conteúdo foi analisado com base na literatura sobre cirurgias estéticas, sociedade de consumo e identidades descentradas. Como resultado, o artigo aponta para o caráter ambivalente destas práticas por serem, ao mesmo tempo, normatizadoras e transgressoras em um mundo que celebra as diferenças, mas também mantém a preocupação constante com os traços físicos étnicos considerados exagerados ou, como os médicos entrevistados nomeiam, grotescos.
Health Risk Implications of Terrestrial Gamma Radiation Dose Rate in Central Jakarta, Indonesia: Short Communications
Authors: Apriantoro Nursama Heru , Muslim Muzilman , Iskandar Dadong , Purwantiningsih . , Mulyani Witri , Samsun .
Published: September 2017

Terrestrial gamma radiation dose (TGRD) rate measurement has been conducted around downtown region of Central Jakarta Indonesia. The real time count data was taken 1 m above the ground in eight sub district locations by using a portable gamma Surveymeter of Exploranium GR-135 Plus Model. The reading position was detemined using  Garmin GPSMAP 62s. The average value of TGRD rate of  (47.76 ± 18.24) nSv h-1 ranged from 6.40 nSv h-1 to 120.90 nSv-1, it is higher than Indonesia. The annual effective dose rate of 0.058 mSv. Its  contributes to fatal cancer risk of about  3.22 x 10-5 per year for each individual in Central Jakarta. For the subdistrict TGRD rate value was variated, however all the result is not high enough to cause for alarm.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Mathematics Research, Vol. 9, No. 5
Authors: Wang Sophia
Published: September 2017

Journal of Mathematics Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal is greatly appreciated.Many authors, regardless of whether Journal of Mathematics Research publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers.Reviewers for Volume 9, Number 5  Arman Aghili, University of Guilan, IranEnrico Jabara, Universita di Ca Foscari, ItalyJingbo Xia, Huazhong agricultural Univ, ChinaKhalil Ezzinbi, Cadi Ayyad University, MoroccoKuldeep Narain Mathur, University Utara Malaysia, MalaysiaLuca Di Persio, University of Verona, ItalyMaria Alessandra Ragusa, University of Catania, ItalyOmur Deveci, Kafkas University, TurkeyÖzgür Ege, Celal Bayar University, TurkeyRami Ahmad El-Nabulsi, Athens Institute for Education and Research, GreeceRovshan Bandaliyev, National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan, AzerbaijanSaima Anis, Comsats Institute of Information Technology, PakistanSanjib Kumar Datta, University of Kalyani, IndiaSelcuk Koyuncu, University of North Georgia, USASergiy Koshkin, University of Houston Downtown, USAShenghua Ni, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USAVishnu Narayan Mishra, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, IndiaZhongming Wang, Florida International University, USAZoubir Dahmani, University of Mostaganem, Algeria Sophia WangOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Journal of Mathematics ResearchCanadian Center of Science and Education
Toetsing door de bestuurs- en de strafrechter van het voor inreisverboden geldende begrip ‘ernstige bedreiging voor de openbare orde’
Authors: Ros Nanda , Waasdorp Jim
Published: September 2017

Judicial review of the term ‘serious threat to public policy’ regarding entry bans

Both in Dutch migration law and criminal law, entry bans, provided for in the Return Directive, play a significant role. The length of an entry ban may exceed five years if the third-country national represents a serious threat to public policy, public security or national security. This article focusses on the definition of ‘serious threat to public policy’ and elaborates on the relevant moment in time in judicial proceedings before the administrative and criminal courts.
A Crise Hídrica no Brasil e seus Impactos no Desenvolvimento Econômico e Ambiental
Authors: Matsushita Thiago Lopes , Granado Daniel Willian
Published: September 2017

Através de metodologia qualitativa, dedutiva e bibliográfica, o presente trabalho debate as questões relativas ao uso da água e à crise hídrica que atinge o país, dando ênfase à questão paulista, através de desenvolvimento histórico, legal e doutrinário. Para isso, tratamos da Política Nacional de Recursos Hídricos, para, em seguida, abordarmos a questão da cobrança sobre o uso da água em cotejo com relevantes princípios do Direito Ambiental. Posteriormente, analisamos casos de relevo em face da cobrança sobre o uso da água no país. Em seguida, discutimos a questão da água como um bem renovável, e, após, tratamos da crise hídrica no Estado de São Paulo. Por fim, concluímos que ainda é premente a realização de políticas públicas em prol do desenvolvimento dos princípios do usuário-pagador, do poluidor-pagador e do protetor-recebedor no Brasil.
REFORMAS PROYECTADAS EN EL DERECHO DE SOCIEDADES: BRASIL Y ESPAÑA. ASPECTOS GENERALES
Authors: Represa Marcos Sacristán
Published: September 2017

Entre las muchas novedades que en el curso del presente siglo se producen en el ámbito del Derecho privado destaca por su amplitud, frente a lo que venía siendo la tónica general, una corriente que se concreta en intentos no siempre logrados de revisión con mayor o menor alcance de los códigos: codificación o “recodificación”. Uno de los aspectos de interés de sus manifestaciones, no muy numerosas pero sí variadas, es la repercusión sobre el Derecho de sociedades, sobre todo, pero no solamente, de la parte tradicionalmente enmarcada en el ámbito de los códigos comerciales.
BADANIA TEORETYCZNO-EKSPERYMENTALNE PRZEPŁYWU PŁYNU NIEŚCIŚLIWEGO PRZEZ KRYZĘ SZCZELINOWĄ
Authors: Tomaszewska Barbara
Published: September 2017

W praktyce pomiarowej coraz częściej stosuje się prototypowe rozwiązania konstrukcyjne przepływomierzy zwężkowych. Na uwagę zasługują kryzy szczelinowe, gdzie jeden centralny otwór zastąpiony jest szczelinami. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań numerycznych i eksperymentalnych prototypowego rozwiązania konstrukcyjnego kryzy szczelinowej. Ruch płynu opisano równaniami Reynoldsa, domkniętymi k-ε modelem turbulencji. Obliczenia przeprowadzono przy użyciu pakietu ANSYS Fluent. Rozpatrywano przepływ płynu przez kryzę standardową i szczelinową o przewężeniu β = 0,5. Wyniki obliczeń porównano z wynikami pomiarów. Stwierdzono dobrą jakościową i ilościową zgodność wyników badań dla współczynnika przepływu C. Wykazano, że kryza szczelinowa generuje znacznie mniejszą trwałą stratę ciśnienia niż kryza standardowa przy porównywalnej niepewności pomiaru.
Análise quimiométrica usando RMN de 13C como ferramenta para diferenciar duas espécies de Maytenus
Authors: Silva Fernando César , Souza Grasiely Faria de , Aleme Helga Gabriela , Messias Maria Cristina T. B. , Vieira Filho Sidney Augusto , Duarte Lucienir Pains
Published: September 2017

Maytenus robusta foi recentemente sinonimizada com Maytenus gonoclada devido à sobreposição de caracteres morfológicos utilizados na classificação botânica. O presente estudo investiga as diferenças químicas entre robusta Maytenus gonoclada e Maytenus robusta usando análise quimiométrica. Os dados de RMN de 13C de triterpenos pentacíclicos obtidos a partir dessas espécie foram avaliados por meio da Análise de Componentes Principais (PCA) e os friedelanes foram os metabólitos que mais contribuíram para as diferenças entre as duas espécies. Isso demonstra a análise quimiométrica como uma ferramenta importante para esclarecer a taxonomia de plantas semelhantes.
Análise de redes sociais como ferramenta de gestão em Redes do Conhecimento e da Inovação: O caso da disciplina gestão em rede para inovação em fitomedicamentos, de 2011.
Authors: Da Silva Almeida Maria Beatriz Maria Beatriz , Abreu Rosane de Albuquerque dos Santos
Published: September 2017

O Núcleo de Gestão em Biodiversidade e Saúde-NGBS/Farmanguinhos/Fiocruz, visando atender a demanda de formação de gestores de organizações em rede, como as RedesFito, instituiu o “Curso presencial em Gestão da Inovação em Fitomedicamentos” - GiFito. Na disciplina Gestão em Rede (GER) deste curso, os alunos refletem, analisam, elaboraram estratégias, e conhecem ferramentas de gestão em rede, pertinentes ao contexto complexo social das RedesFito. A abordagem de Análise de Redes Sociais (ARS), utilizada com os alunos da turma 2011, considera as fases: contexto, estrutura, dinâmica e padrões de relacionamentos, em uma percepção de rede em movimento, com sua unidade e sua multidiversidade. Esta ferramenta de gestão em redes do conhecimento e da inovação, aliada à metodologia pedagógica participativa de GER, possibilitou aos alunos e atores da Rede GiFito tomar consciência de seus conhecimentos pessoais, comunicações interpessoais, fluxos e domínios de informação e conhecimento, e de suas cooperações. A compreensão coletiva destes recursos favorece a aprendizagem individual, coletiva e organizacional em rede, bem como o desenvolvimento de competências eficazes para construir coletivamente soluções integradas e autossustentáveis de intervenção, na cadeia produtiva de medicamentos da biodiversidade.
Sistema Nacional de Inovação em Saúde: um estudo dos movimentos governamentais recentes na área de fitoterápicos
Authors: Ribeiro de Mattos Aline Estacio
Published: September 2017

Desde 2006 algumas políticas, visando a melhoria do setor saúde, passaram a incentivar a produção e a inovação em fitoterápicos. O objetivo deste trabalho é fazer um estudo descritivo dos movimentos governamentais recentes, a partir de 2006, para a inserção dos fitoterápicos no Sistema Nacional de Inovação em Saúde. Os fitoterápicos possuem potencial a ser explorado no desenvolvimento de pesquisas, resultando em novas tecnologias, produtos e serviços terapêuticos, a partir da inovação e políticas voltadas para o setor. Para tanto, foram feitas pesquisas bibliográficas e documentais, organização de dados utilizando a categoria cronológica de dados e fatos e conversas informais com colaboradores do Núcleo de Gestão em Biodiversidade e Saúde-NGBS. Como resultadodeste estudo observou-se que o desenvolvimento de políticas e programas, que articulam o conhecimento popular com o científico, tem sido alvo de interesse do governo que, ao longo dos anos, vem investindo em portarias e programas relacionados a plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos para o Sistema Único de Saúde-SUS. Esses medicamentos representam uma forma de tratamento de baixo custo. No entanto, a fitoterapia requer um custo inicial de implantação e, ainda, existem alguns desafios na produção de fitoterápicos levando em conta o uso da biodiversidade na produção de medicamentos.
Mathematics Discussions: Expectations Matter
Authors: Roy George J. , Bush Sarah B. , Hodges Thomas E. , Safi Farshid
Published: September 2017

Various strategies can help you build a classroom environment rich with mathematical discussion.
Om tillid, mistillid og professionsetik
Authors: Fink Hans
Published: September 2017

Når man er aktiv i en profession, kan man ikke være ligeglad med, hvordan ens fagfæller udøver deres faglige virksomhed. Det falder på en måde tilbage på alle i professionen, hvis enkelte gør deres arbejde dårligt, fusker med det eller direkte snyder og bedrager dem, der har stolet på deres kompetence og faglige hæderlighed. Som fagperson er man dybt afhængig af sine klienters individuelle og samfundets kollektive tillid, og begge dele kan lide skade, når nogle i professionen svigter; også hvis man selv prøver at holde en høj faglig etos.
Sproglig mikrotillid
Authors: Togeby Ole
Published: September 2017

Når vi kommunikerer og deler tanker med hinanden ved hjælp af sproglige ytringer og tekster, sker det kun fordi vi samarbejder om det. Og samarbejde kræver tillid til at samarbejdspartneren udfører sin del af opgaven. Selv om vi igen og igen bliver skuffet når vi tror på hvad folks siger, forudsætter vi altid allerede at den anden samarbejder om at dele tanker næste gang. Denne sproglige mikrotillid er ofte kontrafaktisk, men det er alligevel det, der får kommunikationen til at virke og får samfundet til at hænge sammen.
Tillid – et arbejdsværktøj eller et livsvilkår?
Authors: Morsing Ole , Sørensen Peter Aaboe
Published: September 2017

Artiklens afgørende spørgsmål er, om tillid er et dynamisk værktøj, som kan medvirke til at løse tilværelsens risikable affærer. I så fald er tillid et ord, som kan gå i dialog med eksempelvis samarbejdsevner og kontrol. Men spørgsmålet er, om tillid kan reduceres til en eller anden form for værktøj, eller om tillid simpelthen er et på forhånd givet vilkår. Hvis tillid er et vilkår, kræver det en positiv forståelse af ontologi og/eller religion. For at besvare spørgsmålet har vi valgt nogle eksemplariske opfattelser, som kan belyse spændvidden i forståelsen af tillid.
Permanent midlertidighed – undervisning af asylsøgende børn i kommunale skoletilbudsordninger
Authors: Moldenhawer Bolette , Ruskjær Jeanette
Published: September 2017

En undersøgelse offentliggjort i 2016 skønner, at danske skoler venter at skulle modtage 9000 flygtningebørn i skolealderen i 2016. Mange af disse børn befinder sig i en midlertidig position som asylsøgende, men har som alle andre børn i Danmark også krav på at modtage et undervisningstilbud. Formålet med denne artikel er at undersøge det pædagogiske arbejde med asylsøgende børn i en kommunal modtageklasse. Produktion af det empiriske materiale er informeret af en pædagogisk antropologisk tilgang, og ved at fokusere på interaktioner mellem lærere og elever skal analysen svare på, hvilke sociale identiteter asylsøgende børn tildeles i den institutionelle praksis i forhold til kulturelt indlejrede selvfølgeligheder. Konklusionen er, at det pædagogiske arbejde med asylsøgende børn er præget af en permanent midlertidighed – indlejret i flygtningeregimet – mellem at behandle asylsøgende børn som enten almindelige børn eller som børn med særlige – mentale, sociale og følelsesmæssige – behov.
Bibliothèques et décroissance1
Authors: Civallero Edgardo
Published: September 2017

Le présent article a pour but de confronter le lecteur à l’impossibilité d’une croissance illimitée dans une biosphère limitée et vise à introduire la notion de durabilité et d’autres concepts connexes, tout particulièrement celui de « décroissance », qui demeure ignoré dans de nombreux forums sur le développement durable, y compris dans les bibliothèques. L’article traite également des liens que l’on peut établir entre durabilité et activisme et les services, activités et politiques des bibliothèques.
T cells with low CD2 levels express reduced restriction factors and are preferentially infected in therapy naïve chronic HIV‐1 patients
Authors: Bolduan Sebastian , Koppensteiner Herwig , Businger Ramona , Rebensburg Stephanie , Kunze Christine , Brack‐Werner Ruth , Draenert Rika , Schindler Michael
Published: September 2017

Introduction: Restriction factors (RFs) suppress HIV‐1 in cell lines and primary cell models. Hence, RFs might be attractive targets for novel antiviral strategies, but their importance for virus control in vivo is controversial.

Methods: We profiled the expression of RFs in primary blood‐derived mononuclear cells (PBMC) from therapy‐naïve HIV‐1 patients and quantified infection.

Results: Overall, there was no correlation between individual RF expression and HIV‐1 status in total PBMC. However, we identified a T cell population with low levels of intracellular CD2 and reduced expression of SAMHD1, p21 and SerinC5. CD2low T cells with reduced RF expression were markedly positive for HIV‐1 p24. In contrast, CD2+ T cells were less infected and expressed higher levels of RFs. CD2low T cell infection correlated with viral loads and was associated with HIV‐1 disease progression.

Conclusions: In untreated therapy naïve chronic HIV‐1 patients, RF expression in T cells is associated with CD2 expression and seems to influence viral loads. Our study suggests that RFs help to control HIV‐1 infection in certain T cells in vivo and supports the potential for RFs as promising targets for therapeutic intervention.
A historical review of HIV prevention and care initiatives in British Columbia, Canada: 1996‐2015
Authors: Olding Michelle , Enns Ben , Panagiotoglou Dimitra , Shoveller Jean , Harrigan P Richard , Barrios Rolando , Kerr Thomas , Montaner Julio S. G. , Nosyk Bohdan ,   STOP HIV/AIDS Study group
Published: September 2017

Introduction: British Columbia has made significant progress in the treatment and prevention of HIV since 1996, when Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) became available. However, we currently lack a historical summary of HIV prevention and care interventions implemented in the province since the introduction of HAART and how they have shaped the HIV epidemic. Guided by a socio‐ecological framework, we present a historical review of biomedical and health services, community and structural interventions implemented in British Columbia from 1996–2015 to prevent HIV transmission or otherwise enhance the cascade of HIV care.

Methods: We constructed a historical timeline of HIV interventions implemented in BC between 1996 and 2015 by reviewing publicly available reports, guidelines and other documents from provincial health agencies, community organizations and AIDS service organizations, and by conducting searches of peer‐reviewed literature through PubMed and Ovid MEDLINE. We collected further programmatic information by administering a data collection form to representatives from BC's regional health authorities and an umbrella agency representing 45 AIDS Service organizations. Using linked population‐level health administrative data, we identified key phases of the HIV epidemic in British Columbia, as characterized by distinct changes in HIV incidence, HAART uptake and the provincial HIV response.

Results and Discussion: In total, we identified 175 HIV prevention and care interventions implemented in BC from 1996 to 2015. We identify and describe four phases in BC's response to HIV/AIDS: the early HAART phase (1996–1999); the harm reduction and health service scale‐up phase (2000–2005); the early Treatment as Prevention phase (2006–2009); and the STOP HIV/AIDS phase (2010‐present). In doing so, we provide an overview of British Columbia's universal and centralized HIV treatment system and detail the role of community‐based and provincial stakeholders in advancing innovative prevention and harm reduction approaches, as well as “seek, test, treat and retain” strategies.

Conclusions: The review provides valuable insight into British Columbia's HIV response, highlights emerging priorities, and may inform future efforts to evaluate the causal impact of interventions.
Editorial
Authors: Reinertsen Anne Beate , Thomas Louise
Published: September 2017

This special issue of Reconceptualizing Educational Research Methodologies: Writing Organizations: Management, Leadership and Appraisal presents to readers seven articles with particular focus on ‘writing’ as a methodological tool. As guest editors, what encounters were we opening to/up when we invited contributions on writing as a methodological tool and writing about being/becoming in assemblages of leadership, management and appraisal? We hoped for a shift, an unsettling of what was thought of as ‘writing’. Semetsky and Stables draw on the concept of edusemiotics to challenge the traditional notion of writing; "While more often than not signs are taken as solely linguistic and in compliance with analytic philosophy of language, edusemiotics includes images, pictures and, indeed, anything that potentially signifies ..." (2014, p. 1)1. We called contributors to consider ‘writing’ as various edusemiotic, nomadic, embodied and embedded, artistic and scholarly gestures, experimentations, playful interventions, exchanges, encounters, ruminations, rhizomatic entanglements and practical philosophical discussions.
Blogging as a method of inquiry
Authors: Barnes Naomi
Published: September 2017

This paper reconceptualises Richardson’s writing as inquiry within blogging. Blogging invites the audience into the scholarly conversation in ways Richardson hoped for in her articulation of the method. This paper explores writing as a method of inquiry through the writing of a blog for the academic news service, The Conversation. The piece was about the author’s personal experiences with school choice, written using expressivist composition techniques championed by Richardson. This paper extends the technique to consider a reader-writer assemblage theory of composition made possible through the technical capabilities of blog posts – hyperlinks to past scholarship and comments which prompt future scholarship. The paper also considers the potential for blogging as inquiry as a method which inspires both personal and academic transformative shifts.
Gene expression of benthic amphipods (genus:Diporeia) in relation to a circular ssDNA virus across two Laurentian Great Lakes
Authors: Bistolas Kalia S.I. , Rudstam Lars G. , Hewson Ian
Published: September 2017

Circularrep-encodingssDNA (CRESS-DNA) viruses are common constituents of invertebrate viral consortia. Despite their ubiquity and sequence diversity, the effects of CRESS-DNA viruses on invertebrate biology and ecology remain largely unknown. This study assessed the relationship between the transcriptional profile of benthic amphipods of genusDiporeiaand the presence of the CRESS-DNA virus, LM29173, in the Laurentian Great Lakes to provide potential insight into the influence of these viruses on invertebrate gene expression. Twelve transcriptomes derived fromDiporeiawere compared, representing organisms from two amphipod haplotype clades (Great Lakes Michigan and Superior, defined by COI barcode sequencing) with varying viral loads (up to 3 × 106genome copies organism−1). Read recruitment to de novo assembled transcripts revealed 2,208 significantly over or underexpressed contigs in transcriptomes with above average LM29173 load. Of these contigs, 31.5% were assigned a putative function. The greatest proportion of annotated, differentially expressed transcripts were associated with functions including: (1) replication, recombination, and repair, (2) cell structure/biogenesis, and (3) post-translational modification, protein turnover, and chaperones. Contigs putatively associated with innate immunity displayed no consistent pattern of expression, though several transcripts were significantly overexpressed in amphipods with high viral load. Quantitation (RT-qPCR) of target transcripts, non-muscular myosin heavy chain, β-actin, and ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2, corroborated transcriptome analysis and indicated that Lake Michigan and Lake Superior amphipods with high LM29173 load exhibit lake-specific trends in gene expression. While this investigation provides the first comparative survey of the transcriptional profile of invertebrates of variable CRESS-DNA viral load, additional inquiry is required to define the scope of host-specific responses to potential infection.
Towards an Understanding of the Evolution (Fate and Transport) of the 2010 Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill
Authors: Murray Karen J. , Boehm Paul D.
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT 2017-192

While examination of the question “what happened to the oil?” has been undertaken on other oil spills, the wealth of data from the 2010 Deepwater Horizon accident presents a unique opportunity to deeply examine this question. To do so, several investigative threads need to be pulled together. In this paper, results from several relevant data sets and related studies and published papers pertaining to the behavior and fate of oil released from the Macondo well during the accident will be discussed. These data sets include: 1) analysis of the weathering processes, changes in chemistry, and partitioning of oil components that occurred and 2) data on the concentrations and movement of oil in the water, on the surface, and to the shoreline that created various “footprints” over time. The available data on water column chemistry, distributions, and partitioning; water chemistry related to surface oil distributions over time; biodegradation; sediment chemistry and distributions; and fate of the oil on the shoreline are all essential to this effort. This presentation will present a high-level, data-driven overview of the fate of the oil.