bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tailoring effective requirement's specification for ingenuity in Software Development Life Cycle.
Authors: Et.al Naveen N Kulkarni
Published: April 2021

Software Requirements Engineering (SRE) process define software manuscripts with sustaining Software Requirement Specification (SRS) and its activities. SRE comprises many tasks requirement analysis, elicitation, documentation, conciliation and validation. Natural language is most popular and commonly used to form the SRS document. However, natural language has its own limitations wrt quality approach for SRS. The constraints include  incomplete, incorrect, ambiguous, and inconsistency. In software engineering, most applications are object-oriented. So requirements are unlike problem domain need to be developed. So software  documentation is completed in such a way that, all authorized users like clients, analysts, managers, and developers can understand it. These are the basis for success of any planned project. Most of the work is still dependent on intensive human (domain expert) work. consequences of the project success still depend on timeliness with tending errors. The fundamental quality intended for each activity is specified during the software development process. This paper concludes critically with best practices in writing SRS. This approach helps to mitigate SRS limitation up to some extent. An initial review highlights capable results for the proposed practices
A novel hybrid approach to detect brain tumor in MRI images
Authors: Et.al Tejas P
Published: April 2021

Image segmentation is the fundamental step in medical image analysis. Segmentation is a procedure to separate similar portions of images showing resemblance in different features such as color, intensity, or texture. Grayscale images are mostly used for the segmentation of medical images. Tumors are commonly stated as the abnormal growth of tissues and the brain tumor is a diseased part in the body tissues that is an abnormal mass in which the growth rate of cells is irrepressible. The mortality rate of people has raised over the past years due to brain tumors, hence this area has gained the attention of researchers. Automatic detection of brain tumors is a challenging task because it involves pathology, functional physics of MRI along with intensity and shapes analysis of MR image. After all, tumor shape, size, location, and intensity vary for each infected case. In this work, a novel hybrid approach is implemented by combing watershed segmentation, level set segmentation and K means clustering. First, the image is preprocessed by removing the skull. Watershed segmentation is applied to this preprocessed image. Level set segmentation is applied to the previous step. Finally, k means clustering is applied as the final step to detect tumor parts accurately. This Hybrid approach is compared with other four techniques such as Threshold segmentation, K means clustering, Watershed segmentation, and Level set-based segmentation methods. Statistical and Visual analysis is performed. It is found that the hybrid approach has better specificity, accuracy, and precision among all four techniques. Further, it is able to detect tumors more accurately. This research could help clinicians in surgical planning, treatment planning and accurately segmenting the tumor part with the most accurate method.
A Theoretical review on the importance of Threat Intelligence Sharing & The challenges intricated
Authors: Et.al Sandhya Sukhabogi
Published: April 2021

Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) is the emerging strategy of cyber defense which helps organizations to combat the latest and more sophisticated cyber threats. Gathering this threat information, analyzing and communicating it between the security teams is very difficult and challenging because of the heterogeneous aspects involved.  The necessity of sharing the intelligence related data collected by organizations is increasing day by day to counter the ever changing and highly dynamic threat landscape. In this paper an attempt is made to understand CTI concept and how it is collected and analyzed to form useful actionable intelligence are observed. The importance of Threat intelligence sharing, and various standards working in the area of TIS are also mentioned. Finally the primary challenges in TIS are given a light in a broad view
The Effect of Learning Factory Approach on Technology Management Education for Social Science Students
Authors: Et. al. Kuei-ChienChiu
Published: April 2021

To cultivate technology management talents for industry, higher education institutions have developed technology management education since the 1990s. The purpose of introducing technology management course into non-technology discipline, especially Business School, aims to help enterprises foster talents to make appropriate technology-related decisions. This work addresses students’ conception performance of learning technology management. This research employs a modified Importance-Performance Analysis method to analyze the course contents’ understandability before and after learning by a questionnaire survey. As the results show, the mean scores of almost all themes before learning are below average and median. However, after class, the scores show minor deviation and notable progress, almost twice the scores before learning. That is to say; a scenario-based learning factory approach is effective for the non- technology students to learn technology management knowledge. Besides, there are two teaching themes with low prior knowledge creating major performance and nine teaching units with little prior knowledge creating less improvement. The teaching effort should be addressed in these nine teaching units to improve learning performance in technology management.
Factors Affecting The Decision Of Home Buying Of Millenial During The Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Et. al. Pantri heriyati
Published: April 2021

The purchase decision of buying a house or property is still considered important for young people. This paper aims to examine the factors related to purchase decision in buying a house during the pandemic Covid-19 that now has been lasted for almost one year. We considered feng shui factors as one of the important reasoning because the Chinese belief for the position and direction of the house will impact the occupants. Another variable are brand reputation and financial aspects. We run the data with regression to identify the relation and magnitude of independent to dependent which is property purchase decision. We focus on millennials cohort because they are the driver in the workforce and hit by the pandemic condition. Our sample consists of 112 of millennials that lived in Jakarta greater area.
Filipino Native Language Identification using Markov Chain Model and Maximum Likelihood Decision Rule
Authors: Sagum Ria Ambrocio
Published: April 2021

The study developed a tool for identification of a Filipino Native Language given a textual data. The Filipino Language identified were Cebuano, Kapampangan and Pangasinan. It used Markov Chain Model for language modeling using bag of words (a total of 35,144 words for Cebuano, 14752 for Kapampangan, and 13969 of Pangasinan) from each language and maximum likelihood decision rule for the identification of the native language. The obtained model implementing Markov model, was applied in one hundred fifty text files with minimum length of ten words and maximum length of fifty words. The result of the evaluation shows the system’s accuracy of 86.25% and an F-Score of 90.55%.
EDITORIAL / Hablemos sobre Vallejo con el escritor Santiago Aguilar Aguilar
Authors: García Mara L.
Published: April 2021

Nació en Huamachuco. Escritor, poeta, narrador y gestor cultural. Ha trabajado en Relaciones Públicas y Publicidad en el Ministerio de Educación del Perú. Ha enseñado en el Instituto Carlos Uceda Mesa y en la Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca. Director de las revistas literarias Algo te identifica y Espergesia de la Universidad Privada César Vallejo de Trujillo-Perú. Docente de la UCV. Miembro del Grupo Trilce. Ha organizado congresos literarios nacionales e internacionales sobre el poeta César Vallejo y otros temas. Ha obtenido reconocimientos en el Perú y en el extranjero: Miembro Honorario de Capulí, Vallejo y su Tierra, 2018, Medalla de la Ciudad por la Municipalidad de Trujillo (2010) y por la Municipalidad de Cajamarca (2009). Diploma y Medalla Kuntur Wasi del INC de Cajamarca (2008), entre otros. Recibió el título de Doctor en Literatura de la Academia mundial de Arte y Cultura (WAAC). Entre sus libros se cuentan: Tempestad de la nada (2020), Actos de fe, 2014, Balada de montonero (2013) Celebración de vida –homenaje (2008), La celebración continúa (2007), Puerta de espera, (1992), Confesiones fuera del almanaque, (1970), Tinieblas elegidas (1965), entre otros textos y artículo críticos literarios.
Postmodern Tüketim ve Dijital Ortama Yansımaları: Netflix Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: TANYERİ MAZICI Emel , CAN Efe Numan
Published: April 2021

Boş zaman etkinlikleri, reklamdan kaçınma, erişim kolaylığı gibi nedenlerle Netflix vb. dijital içerik platformlarına olan talep her geçen gün artmaktadır. Bu kapsamda çalışma postmodern çağın tüketim bileşenleri açısından Netflix’i mercek altına alarak, Netflix’in bu amaca hizmet eden bir araç olup olmadığı sorusundan yola çıkmaktadır. Postmodernizm ve tüketim konusunda literatürde yapılmış birçok çalışma olmasına rağmen Netflix gibi spesifik bir örnek üzerinden incelemenin olmaması çalışmayı önemli kılmaktadır. Bu kapsamda Netflix, Fırat ve Venkatesh (1993) ile Brown’un (1995) postmodern tüketim bileşenleri bağlamında nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden yorumlayıcı betimsel analiz tekniği ile incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucuna göre Netflix’in postmodern tüketim bileşenlerine uygun bir yapıda dijital içerik üreticisi olduğu söylenebilmektedir. Tüketim arzusunun zaman ve mekân mefhumlarını tanımadığı bu dönemde, Netflix’in kullanıcılarına istedikleri an ve ortamda içeriklerini ulaştırması postmodern tüketim bileşenleri açısından uygun özellikler barındırdığı ifade edilebilir. Netflix ve içerikleri postmodern tüketici için yeni tüketim katedralleri olarak görülebilmektedir. Nitekim Netflix kullanan bireyler alt kültür ya da yüksek kültür ayrımı olmaksızın kullanıcıların biraraya geldiği sanal cemaatler olarak değerlendirilebilmektedir.
Canlandırma Sanatında Empati ve Yönelimsel Temsil
Authors: ÇALIŞKAN Sabahattin
Published: April 2021

Canlandırma sanatının en önemli varlıkları canlandırma sanatçıları tarafından üretilen karakteridir. Karakterler, izleyicinin bir canlandırma filmini izlerken duygusal olarak iletişim kurduğu doğrudan temsilcilerdir. Oluşturulan karakterler ile izleyici ile görsel bir iletişim kurulmaya çalışılır. Aynı zamanda bu karakterler günümüzde gerçek aktörlerin yerini almıştır. Hemen hemen tüm sinema yapımlarında canlandırma sanatının karakterlerinin örneklerini görmek mümkündür. Bu karakterler bazen bir canavar bazen bir kemirgen bazen bir prenses bazen de bir araba formunda izleyicinin karşısına çıkarlar. Kısacası insanın hayal dünyasını zenginleştiren gerçekte var olmayan ama izleyicinin algısında gerçekmiş gibi algılanan görüntülere dönüşmüşlerdir. En zor ve zahmetli yeri karakter üretim aşaması ve öyküye bağlı kişiliğin oluşturulmasıdır. Canlandırma sanatında en önemli sorun canlandırılan karakterlerinin eylemlerinin bir düşünceyi ve duyguları aktarması ve empati kurmasıdır. Canlandırma sanatında empati oluşturma süreci oldukça önemli bir sorun olarak canlandırma sanatçısının karşısına çıkar. Bu çalışmada canlandırma sanatında karakter olgusu ve empati ilişkisi sorgulanmış ve yönelimsellik kuramı ile ilişkilendirilerek çözümlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Ayrıca Yüzüklerin Efendisi (Peter Jackson, 2001) ve Ters Yüz (Pete Docter, 2015) filmlerindeki karakterlerin yönelimsellik açısından analizleri gerçekleştirilerek canlandırma sanatı açısından empatinin önemi vurgulanmaya çalışılmıştır.
Mağduriyetin Sineması: Yunan Yeni Dalgası Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: TÜYSÜZ Dilan
Published: April 2021

2000 sonrası çağdaş Yunan sinemasını anlamak için söz konusu dönemin sosyal, siyasal, kültürel ve ekonomik gelişmelerine yakından bakmak gerekmektedir. Uluslararası eleştirmen ve akademisyenler tarafından Yunan yeni dalgası ya da Yunan tuhaf dalgası olarak adlandırılan akım, 2008 yılında ülkede yaşanan ekonomik kriz sonrasında çekilen ‘tuhaf’ filmleri kapsamaktadır. Söz konusu filmler krizle doğrudan ilgili olmamakla birlikte, krizin neden olduğu toplumsal travmayı yansıtır niteliktedir. Akımın tuhaf olarak nitelendirilmesi ise, filmlerin biçimsel ve içerik bakımından geleneksel anlatılardan farklı stratejiler izliyor olmasıyla ilgilidir. Bu çalışma ise, Yunan yeni dalgasının sadece tuhaf değil ama aynı zamanda ‘mağduriyet sineması’ olarak da düşünülebileceğini savunmaktadır. Ekonomik krizin genç nesil için sebep olduğu maddi ve manevi sıkıntıların yanı sıra, Yunan toplumunun kurucu değerleri olarak kabul edilen ‘anayurt, din ve aile’ kavramları da bugünün travmalarında rol oynamaktadır. Bu nedenle çalışma, yeni dalga filmlerinin aşırı milliyetçiliğin, geleneksel ahlaki değerlerin ve ataerkil yapının mağdur ettiği bireylerin öykülerini anlattığı düşüncesinden hareketle, mağduriyet temasının da Yunan yeni dalgasının ayırıcı özellikleri arasında olduğunu göstermeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu kapsamda iki ana bölüme sahip olan çalışmanın ilk bölümünde Yunan yeni dalgasını oluşturan filmlerin ortak karakteristik özellikleri ele alınmıştır. İkinci bölümde ise çalışmanın amacına yönelik olarak Yunan yeni dalgasının önemli örnekleri arasından seçilen sekiz film mağduriyet teması üzerinden incelenmiştir. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan betimsel analiz benimsenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda mağduriyet kavramının Yunan yeni dalgası için tematik bir çerçeve olarak kullanılabileceği görülmüştür.
Jornalismo e conhecimento da realidade objetiva no século XXI
Authors: Rodrigues de Souza Rafael Bellan
Published: April 2021

O artigo explora a questão do conhecimento da realidade objetiva pelo jornalismo. Cotejando a perda de sentido do real expresso tanto na hegemonia irracionalista no território digital, quanto em importantes correntes de pensamento hegemônico de estudos do jornalismo, o texto aponta a práxis noticiosa como forma de conhecimento imersa em uma sociedade de classes, avaliando a sua potência na busca da concreticidade. Para isso, assume a perspectiva da ontologia do ser social em Marx para debater a possibilidade de conhecimento da objetividade, investigando as peculiaridades do jornalismo no edifício conceitual da dialética materialista. Assim, apresenta uma caracterização ontológica crítica para um dos problemas centrais do jornalismo no contexto do capitalismo digital do século XXI
Entre o algoritmo e a curadoria: programação radiofônica, gêneros musicais e repetição
Authors: Kischinhevsky Marcelo , Ferreira Gustavo , Góes Claudia , Seidel Artur , Monteiro Liana
Published: April 2021

Este artigo investiga o processo de construção da programação musical radiofônica, cada vez mais tensionada entre dois polos: a curadoria humana e a mediação algorítmica dos softwares de automação. No percurso, propõe-se uma reflexão sobre os papéis exercidos por categorias como gêneros musicais, diversidade e repetição. Parte-se da premissa de que a música permanece central para o rádio num momento de transição nas indústrias midiáticas em que se consolidam novos intermediários, notadamente serviços de streaming, em que a curadoria humana foi progressivamente dando lugar a sofisticados sistemas de automação, reorganizando a escuta de música em larga escala.
Pensando o recolonial nos estudos da Comunicação: reflexões a partir da América Latina
Authors: De Albuquerque Afonso , De Oliveira Thaiane
Published: April 2021

A despeito do seu pioneirismo, a tradição de pensamento crítico latino-americano praticamente desapareceu do cenário da pesquisa internacional de referência, a partir da instauração de circuito anglófono, na década de 1990, centrado nos Estados Unidos. Este ensaio tem como objetivo discutir esse fenômeno no contexto de um processo mais amplo de recolonização, conduzido no âmbito da globalização neoliberal e capitalismo acadêmico, com foco na pesquisa latino-americana nos estudos da Comunicação e nos circuitos de Comunicação Científica.  Nesse contexto desfavorável, a América Latina soube preservar um circuito vigoroso de intercâmbio acadêmico, pautado no acesso aberto à produção intelectual. Sustenta-se que esse circuito pode servir de base para a construção de um espaço de circulação acadêmico global mais diversificado, alternativo ao atualmente existente.
Graph databases and robotic process automation: achieving improvement in project knowledge management
Authors: Koch Oliver , Buchkremer Rüdiger , Kneisel Evi
Published: April 2021

A key component for project success, particularly for complex and risky projects, is adequate knowledge management. The results of our feasibility study reveal the need for a dedicated analytical instance to better support virtual knowledge processes. We suggest combining robotic process automation (RPA) with a knowledge-focused graph database (GDB). Therefore, we present a prototypic approach for integrating this concept into project management routines.
Smart city dvelopment with digital twin technology
Authors: Hämäläinen Mervi
Published: April 2021

Growing urban areas are major consumers of natural resources, energy and raw materials. Understanding cities´ urban metabolism is salient when developing sustainable and resilient cities. This paper addresses concepts of smart city and digital twin technology as means to foster more sustainable urban development. Smart city has globally been well adopted concept in urban development. With smart city development cities aim to optimize overall performance of the city, its infrastructures, processes and services, but also to improve socio-economic wellbeing. Dynamic digital twins are constituted to form real-time connectivity between virtual and physical objects. Digital twin combines virtual objects to its physical counterparts. This conceptual paper provides additionally examples from dynamic digital twin platforms and digital twin of Helsinki, Finland.
Personalizing the learning process with Wihi
Authors: Lindstedt Juha , Kauppinen Raine , Lagstedt Altti
Published: April 2021

Societies are changing rapidly because of automation and digitalization, but local and global business environments are also becoming more volatile. Changing societies also place requirements on education: the number of atypical learners is growing all the time, and lifelong careers have been changed to lifelong learning. Traditional education approaches do not support part-time learners or lifelong learning; personalizing the learning process for every student separately is too laborious. In this paper, we study a flexible, personalized learning approach and an information system (Wihi) to support it. Wihi is a thesis management tool for students to plan and schedule their theses and for the thesis supervisor to centrally monitor the progress of different theses. In addition, it allows curriculum management to follow the whole thesis situation. Although Wihi was developed for a specific need, the personalized learning assumptions behind it are also applicable in other education cases.
Crop Productivity Enhancement under Soybean Based Cropping System through Harvested Rain Water in Malwa Region
Authors: Ranade D.H. , Jadav M.L. , Swarup Indu , Girothia O.P. , Bhagat D.V. , Upadhyay Ashish
Published: April 2021

Background: Rainwater harvesting is commonly practiced in areas, where the rainfall is insufficient for crop growing. Due to the intermittent nature of run-off events, it is necessary to store the maximum possible amount of rainwater during the rainy season so that it may be used as irrigation to enhance the crop productivity and farm income under soybean based cropping system. Methods: A study was carried out during 2018-2019 in Indore district of Malwa region. Rainwater harvesting tanks at on station (42×21×2.4m) and on farm (15×11×4m) were constructed for irrigation water availability. Provision of water harvesting tank increased the irrigation water availability (1781m3 and 630m3 respectively) and stored water was managed through various irrigation systems viz. rain gun, drip and flood. Result: It was resulted that the provision of water harvesting tanks enhanced the crop productivity and farm income under soybean based cropping system. Availability of irrigation encouraged the farmers to diversify the cropping pattern (soybean-chickpea, soybean -wheat). It is also clear from the study that even with smaller storage tank and through conjunctive use of ground (1164.2m3) and surface water (596m3), multiple crops (Soybean, potato, sweet corn, chickpea, onion, garlic etc.) can be grown. Soybean-Chickpea cropping system at station gave the net return of 70976 Rs/ha with B: C ratio of 3.15. Soybean-Wheat cropping system at farm gave the net return of 119000 Rs/ha with B:C ratio of 3.38.
Effect of Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) Supplementation during Transition Period on the Nutrient Intake, Milk Production and Milk Efficiency in Crossbred Cows
Authors: Sidhu J.S. , Grewal R.S. , Lamba J.S. , Singh Chanchal , Sethi A.P.S.
Published: April 2021

Background: Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been shown to influence a range of biological processes. The current study was aimed to evaluate the effect of CLA supplementation during prepartum on nutrient intake, milk production and milk production efficiency in crossbred cows during postpartum. Methods: Multiparous crossbred cows (n=30) were allotted to three treatment groups: Control group (CG) was supplemented 50 g bypass fat top dressed on basal diet; CLA-25 group was supplemented with 25g CLA and 25 g bypass fat top dressed on basal diet; CLA-50 group was supplemented with 50g CLA top dressed on basal diet. Supplementation started -21d from calving and continued till 60 days in milk (DIM). The feed and residue samples were analysed for its chemical composition. Milk samples were analysed on weekly basis for its composition. Result: Positive effect of CLA supplementation on milk parameters was observed where CLA supplemented cows had higher milk yield, protein yield, SNF yield and total milk solid yield. Milk fat depression (MFD) was observed in CLA supplemented cows. Milk production efficiency was higher in CLA supplemented cows.
Studies on the Impact of Partial Replacement of Sodium Chloride with Potassium Lactate on Quality Attributes of Buffalo Calf Meat Rolls
Authors: Kumar Surender , Yadav Sanjay , Pal Ankita , . Vaquil
Published: April 2021

Background: Because of low utility, feeding of male buffalo calves is ignored in India leading to high mortality and poor growth in surviving calves. However, the meat of buffalo calves has considerable collagen solubility and serves as a remarkable source for meat products. As the addition of potassium chloride in meat products is restricted owing to its bitter taste and metallic flavor, potassium lactate can serve as a potential source for sodium chloride and it also alleviates the function of sodium chloride in meat processing. Methods: Low salt buffalo calf meat rolls were prepared by partially substituting sodium chloride with potassium lactate at 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% levels maintaining equivalent ionic strength. Sensory quality, physico-chemical attributes, proximate composition, instrumental texture, firmness, toughness and color were evaluated. Result: Substitution up to 30% level did not cause any significant alteration in sensory quality but further enhancement in potassium lactate level resulted in a significant decrease in flavor, texture, juiciness, tenderness and overall acceptability. The replacement did not cause any significant decline in proximate composition, water holding capacity and emulsion stability of developed meat rolls. An increase in pH and decrease in cooking yield was noticed with an increase in the level of potassium lactate but a significant impact was noticed only at 50% substitution. Texture profile and instrumental color of potassium lactate treated rolls were comparable with control samples. Firmness and toughness decreased with enhancing the level of potassium lactate but the significant impact was recorded only at 50% level.
Comparative Data about Estrus Induction and Pregnancy Rate on Lacaune Ewes in Non-breeding Season after Melatonin Implants and Intravaginal Progestagen
Authors: Berean D. , Ergene O. , Blaga-Petrean A. , Bogdan I. , Ciupe S. , Cenariu M. , Pall E. , Bogdan L.M.
Published: April 2021

Background: Seasonal anestrus in ewes reduces reproductive efficiency and hinders productivity. Exogenous hormones can be used to facilitate the induction and synchronization of estrus in the anestrus period. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pregnancy rate in ewes after the treatment with different hormones and fixed time artificial insemination. Methods: The ewes were randomly divided in 4 (n=4) groups: Melatonin group (Group 1), Melatonin and Medroxyprogesterone group (Group 2), Medroxyprogesterone group (Group 3) and control group (Group 4). Pregnancy rate, estrus induction rate and litter size were determined and compared. Result: The estrus induction rate in our study was 100% for the first 3 groups and 6.25% for the 4th group. The pregnancy rate was between 4.16% (group 4) and 95.83% (group 2). For the others groups the values were 89.58% for the first group and 91.67%, for the 3rd group. The prolificacy rate was between 1 (control group) and 1.71 (2nd group), with intermediate values for the other 2 groups: 1.21 for 1st group and 1.27 for the 3rd group.
A Novel Close-tube Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Assay for Rapid Detection of Brucella
Authors: Mishra Adarsh , Thomas Prasad , Jeena Lalit Mohan , Doimari Soni , Rajagunalan S. , Sahoo Aditya Prasad , Singh Dhirendra Kumar
Published: April 2021

Background: Brucellosis is one of the important diseases affecting both human as well as livestock. Rapid diagnosis of the pathogen is highly essential for undertaking effective therapeutic measures. Loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay, one of the robust nucleic acid detection platforms, is used especially for rapid disease diagnosis. However, persistent contamination has been the major bottleneck in LAMP which can be eliminated with adoption of appropriate closed-tube formats. Methods: In the present report, two sets of LAMP primers targeting omp2b gene of Brucella were designed and standardized for detection of all the major Brucella spp. Result: There was absence of amplification in any of the non-Brucella species in contrast to detection of white precipitation in unaided eye in daylight as well as greenish fluorescence under ultraviolet light in all of the Brucella species. It was found to be more sensitive than conventional PCR as relative sensitivity was found to be 0.34pg for first set of primers and 34fg for second set of primers, as compared to 3.4pg through bcsp31 PCR.
Bioefficacy of Imazethapyr Applied Alone and in Combination with other Herbicides in Black Gram and their Residual Effect on Succeeding Pearl-millet and Sorghum Crops
Authors: Sharma Kartik , Punia S.S. , Mehta A.K. , Leharwan Munish
Published: April 2021

Background: Weeds are one of the major constraints in achieving yield potential of black gram. Due to slow initial growth of black gram, weeds compete effectively and caused reduction in growth as well as yield of black gram. Hand weeding is neither practicable nor economical due to unpredictability of weather and high labour cost, respectively. Therefore, application of herbicides is considered as the best approach for efficient weed control in black gram. Methods: A field experiment was conducted at Research Farm of Department of Agronomy, CCSHAU, Hisar during summer and kharif 2017 to evaluate the effect of different weed control treatments in black gram and their residual effect on succeeding pearl millet and sorghum crops. Total of fourteen weed control treatments were replicated thrice in randomized complete block design (RCBD). Result: Dactyloctenium aegyptium (37%), Trianthema portulacastrum (34%), Cyperus rotundus (21%) and Digera arvensis (8%) were the major weed flora associated with black gram at 30 DAS. Both at 30 and 60 DAS, PE application of imazethapyr + pendimethalin (RM) at 1000 g ha-1 provided 100% control of D. aegyptium and T. portulacastrum. PE application of imazethapyr + pendimethalin (RM) at 1000 g ha-1 was the most significant herbicide treatment (90% control of weeds) at 30 DAS however, 3-4 leaf stage application of imazethapyr + imazamox at 70 g/ha recorded with highest control of weeds (89%) at 60 DAS. Maximum seed yield (912 kg ha-1) and yield attributes of black gram were obtained in weed free treatment which was statistically at par with two hoeing performed at 20 and 40 DAS (895 kg ha-1) and PE application of imazethapyr + pendimethalin (RM) at 1000 g ha-1 (878 kg ha-1). Imazethapyr and its RM combination with imazamox applied at 3-4 leaf stage had phytotoxic effects on black gram at 30 DAS which suppressed the growth and caused yield penalty. Residual effect or phytotoxicity was not observed on succeeding pearl millet and sorghum crops.
Yield and Rhizosphere - microflora of Cowpea in Response to Magnesium Fertilization in Lateritic Soils of Kerala
Authors: Soniya V.P. , Bhindhu P.S.
Published: April 2021

Background: Magnesium deficiency has become a major nutritional disorder in lateritic soils of Kerala. Appropriate magnesium fertilization is the best strategy to combat deficiency issues. Apart from correcting nutritional deficiency, magnesium fertilization has an influence on the growth of beneficial microbes such as nitrogen fixing bacterias and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The experiment aimed to investigate the effect of magnesium fertilization on crop yield and population rhizosphere micoflora of cowpea in lateritic soils of Kerala. Methods: A pot culture experiment was conducted with a gradient of magnesium additions ranging from 5 mg kg-1 to 80 mg kg-1 of soil along with recommended dose of fertilizers. Population of rhizobium, free living nitrogen fixing bacteria, spore count of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and per cent root colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were studied during flowering. The available magnesium and magnesium uptake were also worked out during harvest. Yield and yield contributing characteristics of cowpea were measured during harvest stage. Result: Magnesium addition produced significant variations in population of rhizobium and free- living nitrogen fixing bacteria whereas spore count of AMF and per cent root colonization of AMF did not vary according to the added doses of magnesium. A higher population of rhizobium, free living nitrogen fixers, root nodules, magnesium uptake, plant height and yield were obtained in the treatment where magnesium was applied @ 10 mg kg-1 soil.
Drought Stress Responses of Prunus microcarpa C. A. Mey. subsp. tortusa Rootstocks under in vitro Conditions
Authors: Sevgin Nevzat
Published: April 2021

Background: Prunus microcarpa C.A. Mey. subsp. Tortusa (MK), a wild deciduous plant species, is native to Caucasus and West Asia and grows in a dry temperate climate zone. The plant is mainly used to obtain a dark greyish green dye from its leaves and it has an economic value due to ornamental characteristics. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the appropriate Polyethylene Glycol 8000 (PEG) doses for early detection of drought resistance using MK, SL-64, Garnem, Pixy and Gis-6 rootstocks. Methods: The microshoots of each rootstock were planted at the end of the fourth subculture in Magenta GA7 vessels containing NRM medium. The medium contained 1.0 mg L-1 BA + 0.01 mg L-1 IBA supplemented with 30 g L-1 sucrose, gelled with 5.5 g L-1 agar and 0, 2, 3 and 4% PEG doses (four treatments). The cultures were kept at 23±2 °C temperature under 16 h light (80 μmol m-2 s-1) and 8 h dark photoperiod. Result: The highest number of shoots was recorded in control treatment for MK rootstock (2.81 shoots plant-1) and in 4% PEG treatment for Gis-6 rootstock (2.81 shoots plant-1). Mean chlorophyll a (10.66 mg/f.w) and chlorophyll b (3.63 mg/f.w) contents in the control treatment were lower compared to the mean chlorophyll a (2.03 mg/f.w) and chlorophyll b (1.15 mg/f.w) contents of plants grown in PEG 4% dose. Prunus microcarpa genotypes of Turkey origin tested in this study could be used as potential rootstocks in arid and semi-arid region as safe as the other standard rootstocks tested.
Associations between Daily Work Hassles and Energy-Balance Behaviors in Female African American Workers: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study
Authors: Lin Ting-Ti , Jones Kelly K. , Martyn-Nemeth Pamela , Zenk Shannon N.
Published: April 2021

Objective: Despite their high rate of labor force participation, African American women earn less and are overrepresented in service jobs that tend to have fewer benefits, longer work hours, and less flex­ibility. The aim of our study was to examine associations between work-related daily has­sles and energy balance behaviors among female African American workers.Design: A secondary analysis of a 7-day intensive longitudinal study using ecological momentary assessment (EMA).Setting: Metropolitan area of Chicago, Illinois, United States; July 2012 through January 2013.Participants: A convenience sample of 70 female African American workers.Methods: EMA was used to collect informa­tion over seven days on work hassles and energy balance behaviors: empty calorie food intake; moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA); sedentary behavior; sleep duration; and sleep disturbance. Within-person associations between daily work hassles and each of these daily energy bal­ance behaviors were analyzed using person fixed-effects regression.Results: A total of 334 person-day observa­tions from 70 female African American workers were included in the final analysis. Reporting at least one daily work hassle was associated with same-day higher empty calorie food intake (OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.0, 4.6) and more daily minutes of sedentary behavior (b: 35.8, 95% CI; .2, 71.3). How­ever, no significant associations were found between prior-day work hassles and either food intake or sedentary behavior. Daily work hassles were not related to MVPA, sleep duration, or sleep disturbance.Conclusions: Our study showed that daily work hassles were associated with female African American workers’ empty calo­rie food intake and sedentary behaviors. Strategies to eliminate daily work hassles may help to improve their energy balance behaviors. Ethn Dis. 2021;31(2):177-186; doi:10.18865/ed.31.2.177
Health Risks and Chronic Health Conditions among Arab American and White Adults in Northern California
Authors: Abuelezam Nadia N. , El-Sayed Abdulrahman M. , Galea Sandro , Gordon Nancy P.
Published: April 2021

Objectives: To characterize the prevalence of chronic cardiovascular conditions and risk factors among Arab American adults stratified by sex and compare these with non-Hispanic Whites.Design: Cross-sectional study using electronic health record data from visits be­tween January 2015 and December 2016. Age-adjusted prevalence estimates were cal­culated for men and women and compared using generalized linear models.Setting: Kaiser Permanente health plan in Northern California.Participants: Non-Hispanic White (N=969,566) and Arab American (N=18,072) adult members.Main Outcome Measures: Sex-stratified prevalence and prevalence ratios of diabe­tes, pre-diabetes, hypertension, and hyper­lipidemia diagnosed by December 2016 and of obesity, ever smoking, and current smoking status.Results: Arab American men had a significantly higher prevalence of ever smoking (41.8 vs 40.8%), diabetes (17.3 vs 12.5%), and hyperlipidemia (40.8 vs 34.7%) than White men, but a significantly lower prevalence of obesity (34.4 vs 37.8%) and hypertension (30.5 vs 33.3%). Arab American women had a significantly higher prevalence of diabetes (11.1 vs 8.7%) and hyperlipidemia (31.5 vs 28.3%) than White women but significantly lower prevalence of obesity (31.0 vs 34.2%), ever smoking (24.8 vs 34.5%), and hypertension (25.8 vs 28.4%).Conclusions: Hospital and health systems should intentionally collect data on Middle Eastern and North African ethnicity in electronic health records to identify and reduce the disparities this minority group faces.Ethn Dis. 2021;31(2):235-242; doi:10.18865/ed.31.2.235
Willingness of Latinx and African Americans to Participate in Nontherapeutic Trials: It Depends on Who Runs the Research
Authors: Thetford Kelsey , Gillespie Theresa W. , Kim Young-il , Hansen Barbara , Scarinci Isabel C.
Published: April 2021

Background: Inclusion of racial/ethnic mi­norities in cancer-related research remains inadequate, continuing to impact disparate health outcomes. Data regarding enrollment of racial/ethnic minorities in nontherapeu­tic, health-related research is sparse, and even less is known about enrollment of those with a double disparity of racial/ethnic minorities in rural settings.Objective: To examine perspectives of Latinx and African American (AA) healthy volun­teers from rural and urban settings in five southern US states and Puerto Rico regarding their trust in research and their willingness to participate in nontherapeutic research trials based on who conducts the research.Methods: This study was conducted in 2013 in rural and urban communities across Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Missis­sippi, Louisiana, and Puerto Rico. A 38-item questionnaire based on the Tuskegee Legacy Project Questionnaire assessed willingness, motivators, and barriers to participation in nontherapeutic cancer-related research. The sample was segmented into four subgroups by urban/rural location and race/ethnicity.Results: Of 553 participants (rural Latinx=151, urban Latinx=158, rural AA=122, urban AA=122), more than 90% had never been asked to participate in research, yet 75% of those asked agreed to participate. Most had positive views regard­ing health-related research. Trust in who conducted research varied by subgroup. Personal doctors and university hospitals were most trusted by all subgroups; for-profit and tobacco companies were least trusted. Both Latinx subgroups trusted pharmaceutical companies more than AAs; local hospitals and for-profit businesses were more trusted by AAs. Both rural subgroups trusted research by insurance companies more than their urban counterparts.Conclusions: If asked, rural and urban AA and Latinx healthy volunteers were willing to participate in health-related research, with personal doctors and university hos­pitals considered the most trusted sources to encourage/conduct research.Ethn Dis. 2021;31(2):263-272; doi:10.18865/ed.31.2.263
JANIKOVSZKY ÉVA „KÉPESKÖNYVEIˮ A FORDÍTÁSOKBAN
Authors: Utasi Anikó
Published: April 2021

A dolgozat Janikovszky Éva „képeskönyveinek” fordításaival foglalkozik. A tanulmány fontosnak tartja, hogy a világsikert hozó kötetek ilyen jellegű elemzése is elkészüljön, hiszen ez idáig még senki sem foglalkozott az idegen nyelveken, fordításban megjelent Janikovszky-szövegek vizsgálatával. A szerző ezúttal a Velem mindig történik valami című kötet forrásszövegét veti össze az angol, horvát és német változattal, különös tekintettel a „hungarikumok”, tehát a sajátos magyar kifejezések, tulajdonnevek különböző célnyelvekre történő átültetésének megoldhatóságára.
BETEGEK ÖRÖME
Authors: KOVÁCS Gábor
Published: April 2021

Gárdonyi Géza kisregényeinek központjában az alábbi poétikai megfontolás áll: „az izgalmat keresd, amelyben a karakter előötlik. Bajt, szorultságot és a karaktert tengelyében bántó helyzetet, esetet” (Gárdonyi 1974, 77). 1918-as Ki-ki a párjával című kisregényében ez a kényszerhelyzet a tüdővész. A szöveg a halálos betegségben élő ember tetteit vizsgálja. Természetesen a tüdővész nem pusztán „csak” egy testi betegség, hanem a személyközi viszonyok deficitjének allegóriája is a műben. Így az alkotás végül is a lélek betegségeit is kutatja. Azonban a szöveg legdinamikusabb szemantikai munkája az, ahogyan előállítja a tbc allegorézisén túlmutató, kizárólag e regényre jellemző tüdővész-metaforáit. Tanulmányomban azt vizsgálom, milyen eljárásokon keresztül jönnek létre a tüdővészes főszereplők metaforikus értelmet feltáró alakmásai.
MAGYAR–SZERB NYELVI INTERFERENCIA AZ ESETHASZNÁLATBAN
Authors: ZVEKIĆ-DUŠANOVIĆ Dušanka
Published: April 2021

A dolgozat először betekintést nyújt a magyar–szerb nyelvi érintkezések kutatásának néhány eddigi eredményébe. Ezt követően az eddigi ismereteket olyan általános iskolai korosztályú tanulóknál feljegyzett interferenciajelenségek példáival egészítjük ki, akiknek első nyelvük a magyar. Azokat a leggyakoribb esethasználati hibákat mutatjuk be, amelyeknél magyar nyelvi hatás mutatható ki, valamint néhány olyan hibára utalunk, amelyek a nyelven belüli analógiának tulajdoníthatóak.
STRUKTURÁLÓDÁSI FOLYAMATOK A MENTÁLIS LEXIKONBAN
Authors: LENGYEL Zsolt
Published: April 2021

A tanulmány négy magyar nyelvű adatbázis anyagát elemzi az elsődleges válaszok szempontjából (ANYA–APA, ASZTAL–SZÉK, BETEGSÉG–EGÉSZSÉG stb.). Az adatfelvétel az 1980-as és 2000-es években történt 10–14, illetve 18–24 évesek körében. A vizsgált szavak közötti kapcsolatok erőssége nőtt: az elsődleges válaszok számaránya növekedett.
Current methods of radiation diagnostics of traumatic bone injuries
Authors: Khokhlov Igor A. , Milovanova Ekaterina S.
Published: April 2021

The use of the latest digital technologies has contributed to the discovery of opportuni-ties for medicine based on earlier and detailed detection of pathological changes, which, in turn, has allowed to increase the effectiveness of the diagnostic process, improve treatment results and further prognosis. The progress of radiation diagnostics primarily contributed to the development of such a discipline as traumatology. The improvement of diagnostic algorithms, an integrated ap-proach to the selection of radiation examination methods made it possible to more fully examine patients with complex fractures, determine the nature of injuries, and choose the correct tactics and scope of surgery. The presented research provides an overview of current diagnostic methods used in traumatology and orthopedics, from classical radiography to the most modern imaging methods, such as magnetic resonance, computer tomography, scintigraphy. We gave examples of using different methods of research in detecting injuries of musculoskeletal system, carried out their comparative analysis, considered issues of combined use of several diagnostic methods, presented data on positive and negative aspects of their application, analyzed effectiveness of results. We obtained material for the analysis and writing of the literary review from scientific electronic databases: eLIBRARY, Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, RFFI Library, data from scientific publications of domestic and foreign authors. The depth of the search for literary sources was the period from 2008 to 2019.
Gender, ethnic and other features of skin sensitivity
Authors: Shutova Svetlana V. , Segeda Alina S.
Published: April 2021

We considered the current problem of determining pain sensitivity of different sections of the human body to find the most painless and safe zones for different medical procedures. The study involved 3 groups of students, 8 people in each group. In the first group were Russian boys, in the second – Russian girls, in the third – African girls aged 18–22 years. We carried out studies in 8 areas of the body, which are most often used in medicine for injecting: cheek, shoulder, forearm, wrist, underarm, shin behind (under the knee), iliac and gluteal areas. These areas are most commonly used for various medical procedures. We determined objective differences of sensitivity thresholds of different body sections. As the threshold increases (decrease in sensitivity), these are: underarm, forearm, iliac region, lower leg behind, gluteal region, shoulder. There were no pronounced sexual features of pain sensitivity among boys and girls 18–20 years old. We revealed ethnic features of skin sensitivity. The overall sensitivity of African students is higher than that of Russians. Taking into account the features of tactile and pain sensitivity will reduce the negative sensations of patients during pain-provoking procedures.
Impact of wellness swimming technique on women 40–50 years old with cardiovascular pathology
Authors: Zaguzova Svetlana A. , Keino Alexander Yu. , Protopopova Angelina A.
Published: April 2021

Currently, traditional and non-traditional means are widely used in recreational swimming. Traditional means of recreational swimming include all methods of sports and applied swimming. Unconventional forms of swimming classes include hydroaerobics (aquaerobics), hydroshaping, hydroprophylaxis, etc. Functional tasks (general strengthening effect, improvement of respiratory and circulatory function, strengthening of certain muscle groups, posture correction, etc.) determine the choice of swimming style or individual elements from the swimming style for recreational classes. In some cases, it is advisable to depart from the principles of sports swimming and combine different styles, for example, hands work as a breaststroke, and legs work as a front crowl. Combinations of movements from different swimming styles are easier for many people to coordinate, so they absorb them faster and easier in wellness swimming. Occupation of wellness swimming is recommended both for people who have deviations in their state of health, and simply for those who want to strengthen body and increase its functionality. A gradual increase in the load with a reasonable dosage of swimming exercises both on land and in water characterizes occupations of this type of swimming. Groups for classes are formed taking into account the age, gender, form and degree of disease, different levels of swimming fitness of those involved.
Why do Logging Firms Reject Environmental Labeling in Central Africa? A Case Study of Forest Certification in Cameroon
Authors:   University of Douala- Cameroon, BEROCK Isaac Bernard NDOUMBE , YAH Neba Cletus ,   University of Douala- Cameroon, ONGOLO Symphorien ,   University of Gottingen
Published: April 2021

This article aims to understand why extractive firms in the industrial logging industry in central Africa are reluctant to certify or label their activities. The methodology is based on three empirical case studies of logging companies in Cameroon: one opposed to certification and labeling (the model), the other is in the process of being certified (intermediate case) and the last is certified (negative case). The preferred option followed by this study was to avoid the copying of the first case by prospecting an intermediate case. The "negative" case permitted the model to be saturated. The comparative analysis of data collected highlighted some key obstacles to the commitment to environmental labeling: corruption, low turnover, high certification cost and the source of capital.