bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Endocrine and metabolic monitoring for anesthesia care in orthopedic trauma surgery on the lower extremities of children: prospective comparative study
Authors: Rozin Yuri E. , Marochkov Alexey V.
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: Standard anesthesia monitoring during surgery only indirectly allows us to estimate achieving an effective level of analgesia sufficient to protect the patient from surgical trauma. Recently, studies have analyzed cortisol, glucose, and lactate levels during surgery in children and adults; however, data presented remain inconsistent.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to conduct a prospective comparative analysis of endocrine metabolic dynamic rates in orthopedic trauma surgery on the lower extremities of children.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 39 children who underwent orthopedic trauma surgery. They were divided into two groups: group 1 (n=17) underwent multicomponent balanced general anesthesia, and group 2 (n=22) received combined anesthesia (multicomponent balanced general anesthesia combined with regional blockade of the sciatic and femoral nerves). The dynamics of cortisol, glucose, and lactate indicators at three stages of the perioperative period, total amount of fentanyl, and need for an inhalation anesthetic were examined.
RESULTS: Indicators of cortisol, glucose, and lactate in mixed venous blood during surgery did not exceed the age norm in both groups. In group 1, cortisol, glucose, and lactate levels did not statistically differ at all stages of the study. In group 2, cortisol and lactate levels increased at the fifth stage (traumatic stage) of surgery, and lactate levels increased in the sixth stage (end of surgery). In intergroup comparison, the lactate level at the traumatic stage of surgery was higher in group 1 than in group 2 (p=0.048). Cortisol and glucose levels at the stages of the study did not differ significantly. The total amount of fentanyl for pain relief in group 1 was 4.1 [3.3; 5.0] g/kg, which was 8.2 times higher than that in group 2, with 0.5 [0.4; 0.53] g/kg (p 0.0001).
CONCLUSION: Both anesthesia methods ensure stable levels of cortisol, glucose, and lactate, and adequate level of analgesia at all stages of surgery; however, the use of a conduction blockade as a component of combined anesthesia provides more pronounced antinociceptive protection and reduces surgical stress in children.
Mortality Statistics in Asthma
Authors: Richie Rodney C
Published: April 2023

This article summarizes the mortality associated with asthma and was created from a presentation given at the 130th AAIM Annual Meeting.
Impacto económico del SARS-COV2 en las exportaciones del banano ecuatoriano.
Authors: Morstadt Javier del Cioppo
Published: April 2023

El sector agroexportador de banano como dinamizador de la economía ecuatoriana, prevalece hace décadas como principal rubro agrícola exportado a mercados internacionales. Este artículo presenta un análisis del comportamiento de las exportaciones y el su impacto económico ocasionada entre los periodos establecidos antes y durante la pandemia mundial del virus SARS-COV2 en el año 2020, al PIB total y el PIB agrícola del Ecuador registraron un impacto de decrecimiento en base a los elementos ligados a las restricciones de movilidad registrando un decrecimiento del PIB del 7.8 % y un distinto comportamiento a los sectores agro exportadores como el banano que sostuvo un crecimiento en base a las demanda de banano de los distintos mercados internacionales; así también, el presente trabajo da a conocer las perspectivas de sostenibilidad y competitividad pos pandemia de las exportaciones de banano.
Key technologies of smart factory machine vision based on efficient deep network model
Authors: Zhang Fangfang , Wang Kunfan
Published: April 2023

Most of the existing smart space machine vision technologies are oriented to specific applications, which are not conducive to knowledge sharing and reuse. Most smart devices require people to participate in control and cannot actively provide services for people. In response to the above problems, this research proposes a smart factory based on a deep network model, which is capable of data mining and analysis based on a huge database, enabling the factory to have self-learning capabilities. On this basis, tasks such as optimization of energy consumption and automatic judgment of production decisions are completed. Based on the deep network model, the accuracy of the model for image analysis is improved. Increasing the number of hidden layers will cause errors in the neural network and increase the amount of calculation. The appropriate number of neurons can be selected according to the characteristics of the model. When the IoU threshold is taken as 0.75, its performance is improved by 1.23% year-on-year. The residual structure composed of asymmetric multiple convolution kernels not only increases the number of feature extraction layers, but also allows the asymmetric image details to be better preserved. The recognition accuracy of the trained deep network model reaches 99.1%, which is much higher than other detection models, and its average recognition time is 0.175s. In the research of machine vision technology, the smart factory based on the deep network model not only maintains a high recognition accuracy rate, but also meets the real- time requirements of the system.
Research on geological environment protection and geological disasters control countermeasures in China
Authors: Liu Cheng
Published: April 2023

Geological disasters in mines, ecological environment and geology and geomorphology are closely bound up with each other. To reduce or avoid economic loss and to decrease the threat degree of geological disasters to life safety, the protection of geological environment are formulated in this study. Specifically, this includes taking mines that are dominated by thin bedded carbonate as the research objects. The goals of this study include prevention and control of geological disasters and protection of geological environment. The data are based on characteristics of geological strata in mines collected by the exploration, and combined with the characteristics of geomorphic environment, relevant rules aiming at the prevention and control of geological disasters. Then, pursuant to the selection of indicators, an evaluation system is constructed to verify the effectiveness of measures and strategies proposed, in which the score value is converted into the corresponding level to test the implementation effect of the measures and strategies proposed. Through comparing the changes of the utility levels before and after the implementation of measures and strategies proposed, it can be seen that the geological disaster levels of the five mining areas in the study region are respectively improved from the non-ideal levels V, IV, V, V, IV to II, I, I, II, II, with the tailings pond leakage times less than 4 times and collapse volume less than 5m3. And, the levels of geological environment are upgraded from levels IV, IV, IV, V, V to ideal levels II, II, II, I, II, accomplished by the vegetation coverage rate of the mine reaching more than 35%, as well as the recovery rate of exploitation and utilization rate of tailings both exceeding 85%, which indicates that the protection strategy proposed in this paper has good practicality and feasibility.
Artificial Neural Networks Modelling For AL-Rustumiya Wastwater Treatment Plant in Baghdad
Authors: H. aldahy Dalia , A. Ibrahim Mohammed
Published: April 2023

In the present research, Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) were developed for modelling the performance of Al-Rustamiya wastewater treatment plant, Baghdad, Iraq. There were created two models and the outputs were the removal efficiency of BOD and COD parameters. Four main input parameters were selected for modelling, namely Total suspended solids (TSS), Total dissolved solids (TDS), chloride ion (Cl-), and pH. Influent and effluent concentrations of the parameters were collected from Mayoralty of Baghdad for the period from 2011 to 2021. The results of the modelling were in terms of mean square error (MSE) and correlation coefficient (R). The results indicated that the ANNs models were accurately able to predict the removal of the BOD, and COD, and the optimum topology of the ANNs is obtained at 13 neurons in the hidden layer for both with 3.09 MSE, 0.96 and 4.28 MSE, 0.96 R for BOD and COD respectively.
Use the Value Chain Analysis to Improve the Quality of Health Service
Authors: Mohsen aldouri Seror Naji , A. Kumbhalkar Manoj
Published: April 2023

Quality is currently one of the most important strategies adopted by WHO in to gain time to please and deal with the client for the greatest possible benefit to auditors, In health service, quality and value have become convergent ideas, and the importance of patients as clients has grown as a result of a focus on quality management and value delivery.The supply chain idea also aids marketing by showcasing the ties that make up a network of firms that manufacture products for customers, as well as shifting the attention away from individual transactions and toward a more holistic view of the entire system. The value chain idea in marketing broadens the perception of the supply chain in a significant way. It describes the value created at each level of the chain and, for marketers, is a critical tool in satisfying customers for a portion of the value chain. This research looks at numerous value approaches that are critical for the value chain's success, then identifies key aspects of the value chain and follows them as they relate to services. Finally, it looks at one of the most complicated services, the health services system. Finally, the research reveals some crucial implications for health-service marketers by evaluating the critical aspects determining the performance of the health-service process.
Reducing the costs of sustainable development in industrial companies (an applied study)
Authors: Hasan Alzlzly Khaleel Radhi
Published: April 2023

The research aims to reduce the costs of sustainable development through the use of strategic cost management methods, characterizing the cost system used to reduce costs in these companies, as well as studying the relationship between the use of modern methods of strategic cost management and reducing the costs of sustainable development, as well as studying the role of reduced costs in achieving the competitive advantage of companies. In addition to its role in assisting in making strategic decisions. The research methodology relies on the deductive approach, which is the researcher relying on books, letters, dissertations, and scientific articles to enrich the theoretical aspect of the study, formulating the research problem and the research hypothesis, and the inductive approach through designing a questionnaire as a tool for the field study, which was distributed to workers in cement and brick factories in Al-Muthanna Governorate in Iraq. Where the number of the distributed questionnaire reached (200) questionnaires, 175 of which were retrieved, and the validity and reliability of the questionnaire questions and the correlation between all the axes of the questionnaire were calculated, and the values of the correlation coefficient were a statistical function at a significant level (0.05). The most important findings of the researcher were the existence of a significant positive relationship between the use of strategic cost management methods and reducing the costs of sustainable development, as well as the existence of a positive significant relationship between reducing the costs of sustainable development and achieving competitive advantage and making strategic decisions for companies. The most important recommendations were that there is a need to pay attention to reducing the costs of sustainable development by adopting strategic cost management methods in cement and brick factories in Al-Muthanna Governorate.
Research on E-commerce Customer Satisfaction Evaluation Method Based on PSO-LSTM and Text Mining
Authors: Yang Qin
Published: April 2023

With the increase of social technology, e-commerce platforms have entered a period of rapid development. Improving customer satisfaction and purchase rate is the key to the survival of e-commerce platforms. Text mining and analysis of customer evaluation data will help to grasp the focus of customers and optimize the e- commerce platform. To this end, through text mining technology, the text comment data of five e-commerce platforms such as Amazon, eBay, Alibaba, Jingdong, and Taobao are collected, and the cleaned text is analyzed by particle swarm algorithm (PSO)-long short-term memory (LSTM) model. The data is subject to time scale extraction, and the extraction results are visualized and interpreted. The research shows that the logistics, price, freshness, quality and packaging of e-commerce platform merchants are important factors that affect the evaluation of e-commerce customer satisfaction.
Copper At Silica Core - Shell Nanoparticles As Antibacterial Agents By Sol-Gel Chemical Methods
Authors: Al- Ajeeli Alaa F. Hashim , Razeg Khalid Hamdi , Fuad Tariq Ibrahim
Published: April 2023

Core-shell Cu@sio2 nanoparticles were created by a chemical reaction in a sol gel, and their ability to inhibit S. aureus and E. coli bacteria was tested, when synthesized and characterized using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, a copper band could be seen before and after encapsulation at wavelengths of 625 nanometers and 635 nanometers, which are surface plasmonic resonant frequency bands, respectively. The production of Cu @Sio2 core shell nanoparticles was further confirmed using field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) pictures. The core shell nanoparticles have a mean size of 66 nanometers and a spherical shape, as shown in TEM. The X-ray diffraction patterns for the nanoparticles, which show face-centered cubic (FCC) of copper, match the crystal structure of Cu@sio2 we discovered using fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, the fourier transform infrared interaction between the silica and the synthesized copper NPs was investigated. This revealed the capping of the CuNPs by SiO2. The inhibition zone was evident as a result of the activities of these compounds (14, 14, 16, and 20) and (24, 24, 28, and 30) against Escherichia coli bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, respectively.
Experimental Analysis on Polypropylene Moulded Part for Performance of Laser Printing
Authors: L. Dumanwad Ajay , A. Kumbhalkar Manoj , Singh Jaswindar
Published: April 2023

Now a day plastic injection molding is widely used process to manufacture engineering product and consumer goods typically thermoplastic is combined with rubber or another thermoplastic like RM master batch is used to add color to the Molded part also the laser marking on plastic part and their printing cut, faint issue observed. The aim of the study was to Optimize the injection parameters and processing condition for the laser performance on polypropylene part. To achieve enhanced dark laser marking on polypropylene, the process parameter of plastic injection molding and the Raw material master batch mixing parameter successfully prepared this laser–sensitive composite consisted of a high Laser induced carbonization rate.in plastic injection molding use of raw material and mixing of master batch is considerable factor for faint laser marking. Because of laser does not respond well on carbonization added material, it was evident that master batch having the carbon properties is much more responsible for faint laser marking issue on polypropylene material part. The effect of laser beam interaction (Nd: YVO4) with selected operational parameters on the Quality of graphical features obtained on the surface of polypropylene-molded pieces with different surface Textures (variable parameters of the surface layer). Polypropylene test specimens were injection molded using original injection molds Products with variable end parameters determined by the position of the cavity circle can be identified. The layout of the laser function, the beneficiary texture of the molded piece, the molded color and the support of the marking piece allow the evaluation of the graphic symbol performance by means of laser marking of the type of master back in their rendering relationship. Marked evaluation criteria were adopted for the project.
Application of deep NN optimized by multi-parameter fusion in ideological and political construction of professional courses in colleges and universities
Authors: Ma Rui
Published: April 2023

Curriculum ideology and politics is an inherent requirement to achieve the goal of "cultivating morality and cultivating people" in colleges and universities, and it is a beneficial exploration to realize the three-round education. The ideological and political construction of professional courses in colleges and universities not only teaches students knowledge and skills, but also helps students form correct values. Aiming at how to build ideological and political courses in colleges and universities, a design method based on multi-parameter fusion to gradually optimize deep NN is proposed. Firstly, the initial NN model without hidden layer is determined by analyzing the samples and categories, and then the hidden layer is gradually added on the basis of the initial NN to construct a deep NN with multi-parameter fusion optimization. Based on the TensorFlow framework, taking handwritten digit recognition as an example, a deep NN model is gradually designed. During the whole experiment, the network structure, activation function, loss function, optimizer, learning rate and sample batch size are continuously adjusted, and finally a multi-parameter design is designed. The fusion optimized deep NN model with high accuracy provides an effective idea for building a NN. As the learning rate increases, the performance of the NN gradually improves. In the training set and test set, the accuracy rate is almost the highest when the learning rate is 0.3, and the accuracy rate is 93.30% and 92.58% respectively when the number of iterations is 30, which shows that The NN optimized by multi-parameter fusion can be well applied to the ideological and political construction of professional courses in colleges and universities, and has strong application prospects.
Deep Learning Network-Based Evaluation method of Online teaching quality of International Chinese Education
Authors: Lai Wenling
Published: April 2023

The development of vocational education in the information age requires us to think about the path and strategy of active change. Course teaching quality evaluation should also shift from passive evaluation of online teaching development to active construction of a mixed teaching quality evaluation system. In the information age, the development of teaching resources is dizzying. From paper to digital, from single to diverse, from offline to online, from scarcity to mass—various changes impact the traditional teaching model. Aiming at the online teaching quality evaluation of international Chinese education on the Internet, this paper proposes a method based on deep learning. Firstly, this paper proposes an index system construction and evaluation index weighting for online teaching of international Chinese education, and collects online data as a corpus at the same time. Then construct the CNN_BiLSTM_Att model, which is composed of the CNN module, the BiLSTM module and the Att module. Finally, compare with other model experiments. The experimental results show that CNN_BiLSTM_Att has achieved the best results in the evaluation index results, with P and F1 reaching 97.89% and 97.85%. Compared with other models, the overall effect is improved by 2%~5%. From this, the superiority of the model in the online teaching quality evaluation standard task of this paper can be obtained.
A strategy for building a smart sports platform based on machine learning models
Authors: Gong Mingchan
Published: April 2023

With the rapid development of big data technology, it has greatly changed the way people get information, and also improved the speed and quality of information. In this context, smart sports has become a new trend in sports development. This paper creates an intelligent learning environment and builds a smart sports platform through advanced concepts and technical means, which can effectively optimize the integration and sharing of sports resources. Starting from the overall architecture design of smart sports, the key technologies of machine learning model to realize smart sports are sorted out. Through the five basic linking stages with machine learning model as the core, the value innovation path of platform construction structure is analyzed. The current status of sports resources application is studied, and the data mining algorithm is used to calculate the user usage data of the smart sports platform and improve the construction of the smart platform. Through the construction of the smart sports platform, people shift from traditional reading books and watching TV programs to getting information through intelligent mobile terminals, and the proportion of attention to sports information is as high as 58.6%. This shows that by building a smart sports platform, it can provide support and guarantee for the sustainable development of sports.
Analysis of Korea's Export Competitiveness with Indonesia and the Utilization of the Korea-Indonesia CEPA
Authors:   Korean Academy Of International Commerce, Inc., Kim Sung-Ryong
Published: April 2023

Purpose: This study analyzes the export competitiveness of Korean products in the Indonesian market. It suggests ways to use the Korea-Indonesia CEPA.
Research design, data, and methodology: Export statistics on the main products in auto parts and the steel and petrochemical industries are extracted in terms of HS 4 units from the International Trade Centre Trade Map. The Trade Specialization Index (TSI) is calculated for Korea and Indonesia, and the Market Comparative Advantage (MCA) index is calculated for Korea and ASEAN countries in the Indonesian market.
Results: From analyzing the TSI, Korea is dominant in the Indonesian market. Under the MCA index, compared to ASEAN countries, Korea had an absolute advantage in steel products. However, the petrochemical sector is competitive, and the auto parts industry is inferior.
Conclusions: The automotive parts industry and the steel products industry are predicted to increase their competitiveness, but the analysis showed it will not be easy. In addition, the petrochemical sector should be more aggressive in marketing Korean companies by using the KI-CEPA, because local companies in Indonesia are increasingly competitive.
Arbitration of Investment Agreements Related to Measures of Importing Countries in Goods Trade under Free Trade Agreements: Vento v. Mexico
Authors:   Korean Academy Of International Commerce, Inc., Kim Seo-Rim
Published: April 2023

Purpose: This study analyzes issues over the national treatment clause, the most favored nation clause, and jurisdiction in international commercial arbitration under free trade agreements. Based on these clauses, implications after analyzing Vento v. Mexico are presented.
Research design, data, and methodology: Adopting the literature research method, this study utilizes major related papers and Internet data.
Results: For discriminatory application of an import restriction, an investor would need to identify other investors using the same trade agreement on which it is based, and must demonstrate that the import restriction does not likewise apply to these other investors. However, in this case, there is also a limitation in that it is more difficult for an investor who uses a unique business model that other investors do not use, to make a claim based on discriminatory treatment.
Conclusions: The claimant in this case filed for ① discriminatory treatment by the Mexican government (breach of NT/MFN) and ② MST breach (lack of due process, etc.) by the Mexican government, but all of them were rejected.
A Study on Trade Damage and Trade Adjustment Assistance(TAA)
Authors:   Korean Academy Of International Commerce, Inc., Cho Jungran , Balgansuren Altantsetseg , Chae Soohong
Published: April 2023

Purpose: This paper tries to evaluate Korea's Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA) system and proposes measures to more faithfully implement amendments to the TAA legislation from 2022.
Research design, data, and methodology: This paper focuses on the regulations related to the TAA system, and on the problems that may arise from the regulations.
Results: TAA support is allowed only when damage caused by the opening of trade is proven and confirmed. But it is very difficult for most small and medium-sized companies to prove trade damage.
Conclusions: While the TAA system is designed to support trade-damaged companies, it should also include policies that focus on restructuring the business of a damaged company.
Application of the Rules of Origin on Imported Goods under the Korea-China FTA and the APTA
Authors:   Korean Academy Of International Commerce, Inc., Yun Seung-yeon
Published: April 2023

Purpose: This paper compares and analyzes the rules of origin for the Korea-China FTA and the APTA, which are in effect between Korea and China, and are often mistaken for the same agreement.
Research design, data, and methodology: This paper uses comparative legal methods and case analysis focusing on the Korea-China FTA and APTA origin regulations.
Results: There are differences in the tariff reduction method, target items, country-oforigin standards, and follow-up applications to the tariffs under the Korea-China FTA and APTA.
Conclusions: The Korea-China FTA and APTA are similar, but there are some differences, so it is necessary to compare and choose which agreement is more advantageous when applying tariffs on imported goods.
Impact of oral comorbidities on incarcerated women: an integrative review
Authors: de Moraes Longhi Maria Tereza , de Oliveira Silva Rafaella Ugrin , da Silva Gasque Kellen Cristina , Coelho de Lima Daniela , de Oliveira Josué Miguel , Dias Caldeira François Isnaldo
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Oral health care directly impacts the well-being of incarcerated women. It is related to the quality of life, social and economic discrepancies and lack of access to programs that offer free dental services and health promotion for this population. Objectives: This work aimed to understand oral health challenges faced by women incarcerated in Brazil and worldwide. Material and method: The following databases were selected: EMBASE, (Virtual Health Library=LILACS+BDENF), Scielo, Scopus, Cochrane-Library and the PubMed search engine. These databases were searched until the closing date of October 2021 with no time limit for the searches. The key words used in the searches were “incarceration”, “prison”, “woman”, and “oral health”. Results: Caries, periodontal disease, tooth pain, and the use of dental prostheses were the most prevalent oral health conditions amongst incarcerated women in Brazil and worldwide. Regarding the level of scientific evidence, the included articles fit level III, according to Melnyk and Fineout. Discussion: Bearing in mind the limitations of the study, oral diseases in the global context showed that the quality of life related to oral and systemic health of women during and after incarceration was negatively affected. It is also essential for further clinical and follow-up studies to be carried out on incarcerated women that address their actual oral health needs.
Criminal characteristics and psychopathy in women in prison
Authors: Molina-Coloma Verónica , Lara-Machado Rosario , Lara-Barros Betsabé , Valdez-Miño Carla
Published: April 2023

Objectives: To compare the factors and facets of psychopathy based on criminal characteristics in a sample of women in prison. Material and method: Descriptive, comparative, cross-sectional study composed of a sample of 41 women incarcerated in the Ambato prison in Ecuador. In an individual session, the Hare Psychopathy Scale Revised was applied. Results: Recidivist women, with a juvenile criminal history and who are admitted to the maximum-security ward, have a higher score in the affective facet of the PCL-R. In addition, those women who are in the maximum-security pavilion have scored high in factor 2 (social deviance), mainly in the antisocial aspect. Discussion: This subgroup of women in prison is characterized by lack of remorse, emotional insensitivity, manipulation, inability to accept responsibility for their own actions, and superficial affection. Further expansion of the study of psychopathy in women is required.
Characterization of autism spectrum disorder inside prison
Authors: Peraire Marc , Cantos Patricia , Sampedro-Vidal María , Bonet-Mora Lucía , Arnau-Peiró Francisco
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by intolerance of change, empathy deficits, misunderstandings, and emotional dysregulation. Core symptoms can determine criminal behaviour and subsequent interactions with the penal system. A significant presence of such symptoms is detected in forensic settings. The objective of this study is to analyze the characteristics of autism within the prison context, summarizing and updating the knowledge in this field. Material and method: Systematic review through databases on studies that analyze the socio-demographic, clinical, and judicial characteristics of prisoners diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Results: Autistic traits constitute an independent risk factor for incarceration. Those inmates with autism spectrum disorder frequently present a psychiatric comorbidity, especially substance use disorder, psychotic disorders, and other neuro-developmental disorders. They are associated with a greater probability of self-harming thoughts and disruptive behaviours, which are not predicted by the usual evaluation tools. Discussion: Prisoners with autism spectrum disorder have a differential socio-demographic, clinical, and criminal profile. A specific approach that is different from the one provided for neurotypical prisoners should be offered to these inmates. Infrastructures should be adapted to reduce fragility, make the environment more flexible and specific methods for evaluation and treatment should be developed.
Ear morphology and anthropometry: gender and age differences in Indian college students
Authors: Saleem Sheikh Mohd , Jan Shah Sumaya
Published: April 2023

The human ear is an important organ that serves as a sensory input for sound and balance. Ear morphology can vary greatly between individuals and can be influenced by various factors such as age, sex, genetics, and environmental factors. This study aimed to investigate ear dimensions and anthropometry of a sample of Indian college students.

A total of 100 Indian college students were included in this cross-sectional study. Ear measurements including total ear height (TEH), ear width (EW), lobule height (LH), and lobule width (LW) were obtained using digital calipers. Lobule index (LI) and ear index (EI) were calculated using the following formula: LI = LH/TEH x 100 and EI = EW/TEH x 100. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and independent sample t-tests.

The mean values for TEH, EW, LH, and LW increased with increasing age for both the right and left ears. Male participants had significantly greater TEH and EW compared to females for both the right and left ears. There were significant differences in lobule height (right ear) and lobule index (right and left ear) between males and females, with males having slightly larger measurements than females.

Our study provides valuable information on ear dimensions and anthropometry in a sample of Indian college students. The findings of our study are consistent with previous studies conducted worldwide, as well as in India. Our study highlights the importance of considering gender and age when investigating ear dimensions and anthropometry.
A cross-sectional study of the association of Body Mass Index and Physical Fitness Index of college students of Madpur region of West Midnapore district of West Bengal, India
Authors: Ghosh Debosree , Bose Sulina , Hor Suman , Firdaus Syed Benazir , Mandal Sonia , Singha Partha Sarathi , Ghosh Suvendu , Panda Barsha
Published: April 2023

Physical Fitness Index (PFI) is a measure of the fitness of an individual. PFI reflects the cardiopulmonary status of an individual and his ability to recover after exercising. On the other hand Body mass Index (BMI) is an index for determining the stage of obesity and it is also used as a cardiopulmonary risk assessment factor. BMI is evaluated using weight and height of an individual. BMI is an index which is age and sex independent and a known epidemiological marker of nutritional status of adolescents. International obesity task force (IOTF-2000) has proposed the standards for adult’s obesity in Asia and India as follows: A cut off point of 18.5 kg/m is used to define thinness or acute under nutrition and a BMI of 23 kg/m indicates over nutrition. A BMI of over 25 kg/m refers to obesity. In this study we have checked if there exists any significant interrelationship of PFI and BMI of the college students of Madpur Region of West Midnapore District of West Bengal, India.
A study on prevalence of Intestinal worm infestation and a comparative analysis between two floatation methods, for demonstrating intestinal parasites in stool (dung) of cattle
Authors: Bhattacharyya Sayan , Triparagiri Sri Krishna Vinay , Chakraborty Subhrajeet , Banik Amit , Raj Atul
Published: April 2023

Parasitic infections of the gut are difficult to detect. It depends on microscopy and also different concentration techniques. All the concentration techniques may not be good and may not give reproducible results. Though there are some standard solutions giving good results but they are not always affordable in all geographical areas and there are very less solutions able to detect parasitic ova in both soil and faeces. We here report a new concentration technique i.e. sugar-ethanol solution for gut parasites.

In this study we compared our novel solution (sugar ethanol) with saturated salt solution by flotation technique in the dung sample of cattle and soil samples around them in rural area of West Bengal.

Results were conformable and new sugar-akcohol based solution was superior to Saturated saline.

This solution can be used for concentration technique in stool samples.
Isolation, identification and antifungal susceptibility of dermatophytes from clinical specimens in a tertiary care hospital in South Kerala
Authors: Salahudeen Roshni Vaheeda , S.M Simi , Bhai Geetha
Published: April 2023

Dermatophtyosis is common, more prevalent in tropical and subtropical countries including India. Though not life threatening it can cause great discomfort, especially in immunocompromised conditions. In the last few years a number of new less toxic antifungal drugs have become available for clinical use. Lack of clinical response may occur in 20%.

125 clinically suspected cases of dermatophytosis were studied.The samples were subjected to direct microscopy and culture. Identification of the causative pathogen was done by performing slide culture, lacto phenol cotton blue mount, hair perforation tests and urease tests. In this study we evaluated the efficacy of seven antifungal medications using CLSI broth microdilution method (M38-A). The antifungals used were sertaconazole, terbinafine, griseofulvin, fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole and amphotericin B.

Out of 125 samples, dermatophytosis manifested clinically more in the age group of 21-30 yrs. In our study, KOH positivity rate was 60.8% and culture positivity rate was 32%. Dermatophytosis was more common in females. Tinea corporis was the most common lesion (54.4%) followed by Tinea cruris (25.6%), Tinea pedis (8%), Tinea unguium(7.2%) and Tinea faciei (0.8%). was the commonest aetiological agent (50%) followed by (35%), (7.5%), (5%) and (2.5%). The range of their minimum inhibitory concentration endpoint by broth microdilution technique for the seven antifungal drugs were as follows, sertoconazole <0.06-4 μg/ml , griseofulvin 0.25-1 μg/ml, terbinafine <0.06-2 μg/ml, voriconazole 0.06-0.5 μg/ml, itraconazole <0.06-1 μg/ml, fluconazole 2-8 μg/ml and amphotericin B 2-8 μg/ml.

This study gives an insight about the aetiological agents of dermatophytosis in this part of South Kerala, India. Both direct microscopy and culture are important tools for diagnosis of the superficial fungal infections. Majority of strains in the study were inhibited by relatively low concentration of the antifungals tested.
Seroprevalence of dengue virus infection by detection of NS1 antigen
Authors: Nithya C. , Suganthi P. , Shanmugam K. , Pandian J.
Published: April 2023

Dengue is the most common arboviral infection prevalent in India. Aedes aegypti mosquito is the principal vector followed by Aedes albopictus.It presents in three clinical stages. It is diagnosed by detection of NS1 antigen, IgM antibody by ELISA and viral RNA by reverse transcriptase PCR. Early diagnosis and treatment is essential to prevent the complications of Dengue. The study was done in a Government Thiruvannamalai Medical College & Hospital about the seroprevalence from the month July 2021 to December 2021 by detection of NS1 antigen. The seroprevalence was found to be 11.4%.The highest number of patients (38.2%) belong to the age group between 21-40 years. Highest number of positive (39.5%) cases reported in October month.
Síndrome multisistémico inflamatorio pediátrico (MIS-C/PIMS): bases inmunológicas que sustentan el tratamiento
Authors: Scheffler-Mendoza Selma Cecilia , Toledo Salinas Carla , Castaño Jaramillo Lina María , Gutiérrez Hernández Alonso
Published: April 2023

El síndrome multisistémico inflamatorio pediátrico, temporalmente asociado a COVID-19 (MIS-C/PIMS), es una nueva condición post-infecciosa secundaria a la infección por SARS-CoV2. Se ha caracterizado por una respuesta inflamatoria con afección multisistémica, con involucro de varios mecanismos de daño inmunológico como el incremento exagerado de citocinas y el daño epitelial. El tratamiento inmunomodulador está dirigido a controlar las manifestaciones de hiperinflamación, para estabilizar y prevenir secuelas a largo plazo.

PALABRAS CLAVE: COVID-19, tratamiento inmunomodulador, inmunología, gammaglobulina, Enfermedad de Kawasaki, SARS-CoV-2, síndrome multisistémico inflamatorio pediátrico (MIS-C /PIMS)
Formación de fístula gastroyeyunocolónica secundaria a la ingesta de múltiples imanes
Authors: Reséndiz Carbajal Claudia Inés , Dorado García Iván , Rico Tafoya José Rafael , Garcia Cabello Luis Manuel , Vidal Medina Jorge Marino , Herrera del Prado Vicente Alfonso
Published: April 2023

INTRODUCCIÓN: La ingestión accidental de cuerpos extraños magnéticos se ha vuelto más común debido a la mayor disponibilidad de juguetes con estos elementos, es un problema clínico entre los 6 meses y los 3 años de edad que debe atenderse oportunamente, ya que pueden ocasionar complicaciones gastrointestinales potencialmente mortales.

CASO CLÍNICO: Niño de 4 años de edad que presentó dolor abdominal de 4 días de evolución, tipo cólico, intermitente, sin más síntomas; el abdomen clínicamente estable y sin datos de irritación peritoneal. Se realizó radiografía de abdomen en proyección anteroposterior (AP) y lateral de pie, la cual mostró imágenes de cuerpos extraños radiopacos (cadena de imanes) en cámara gástrica y neumatización parcial intestinal. Se realizó endoscopía en la que se visualizaron 4 imanes esféricos incrustados en la mucosa gástrica que condicionaban perforación transmural. Se realizó laparotomía exploradora, en la que se encontró una perforación de cara posterior del cuerpo gástrico que creo una fistula hacia yeyuno y otra perforación en espejo en colon. Se extrajo de cavidad gástrica una cadena de 15 imanes circunferenciales.

CONCLUSIÓN: La ingesta de imanes debe diagnosticarse oportunamente a través de un interrogatorio dirigido, apoyándonos en una radiografía simple de abdomen, ya que ésta definirá el diagnóstico y tratamiento endoscópico y/o quirúrgico temprano y así evitar mayores complicaciones gastrointestinales secundaria a la carga electromagnética de los imanes, el tiempo de ingesta, localización y número de cuerpos extraños.

PALABRAS CLAVES: cuerpos extraños, imanes, fístulas, urgencias medicas
Criterios de referencia y barreras para la atención de personas con baja visión en Santander
Authors: Palencia Flórez Diana Cristina , Oviedo Cáceres María del Pilar , Arias Pineda Karen Natalia , Guisasola Valencia Laura
Published: April 2023

Objetivo: identificar criterios de derivación y barreras percibidas por los optómetras para la rehabilitación de personas con baja visión en Santander. Métodos: estudio de corte transversal que incluyó 82 optómetras de municipios de Santander, seleccionados mediante muestreo intencionado. Se diseñó un cuestionario con 36 preguntas para recolectar los datos que son reportados empleando estadística descriptiva. Resultados: el 47,5 % de los profesionales tiene claro el nivel de agudeza visual para clasificar a una persona con baja visión. Las principales barreras identificadas para el acceso a servicios de baja visión fueron: el proceso de derivación dentro del sistema de salud es engorroso (74,39 %), falta de servicios cerca (57,31 %) y considerar que los pacientes no pueden pagar las ayudas (48,78 %). Discusión: es necesario fortalecer la formación de los optómetras para mejorar los procesos de identificación, atención y rehabilitación. Conclusiones: es importante ubicar como prioritaria la discapacidad visual en Santander, para así robustecer la red de atención en salud.
INDIRECT ASSESSMENT PARAMETRES OF GRAIN QUALITY AND YIELD OF WINTER SOFT WHEAT IN THE FOREST-STEPPE OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION
Authors:   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Zakharova N.N. , Zakharov N.G. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Isaychev V.A. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU
Published: April 2023

An increase of winter soft wheat productionshould be accompanied by its qualityimprovement. The purpose of the research was to study indirect parametres used for assessing winter soft wheat grain qualityin terms of varietal profile and crop as a whole. The objectives of the research were to establish the formationfeatures of grain quality parametres of winter soft wheat, the correlations between them, as well as correlations with the yield of the studied crop. The material for the research was 15 varieties of winter soft wheat, included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements, approved for use in the Middle Volga region. It was established that dry conditions during formation of winter wheat grain and its filling had a positive effect on gluten content and hardness, and in combination with high temperatures - on glutenquality. The grain-unit of winter wheat grain increases in the conditions of sufficient moisture. There are no statistically significant inverse relations between yield and grain quality parametres of winter soft wheat: the quantity and quality of gluten, grain hardness, which means that they can be combined in one genotype. The grain-unit of grain can significantly positively correlate with the yield and hardness of grain of the studied crop in some years. All considered parametres of grain quality of winter soft wheat significantly depend on the variety (contribution of 5.2-32.7%), environmental conditions (contribution of 24.5-85.4%) and the interaction of the genotype and the environment (contribution of 5.4-42, 5 %). This means that the problem of production of high-quality grain of the studied crop in the region can be solved by careful selection of varieties that combine quality with high production potential, usage of a system of varieties and developed agricultural technologies based on them.
IDENTIFICATION OF NEW SNPS IN GENES/LOCI OF RESISTANCE TO FUSARIOSIS AND CHITINASE
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “All-Russian Research Institute of Sugar Beetroot and Sugar named after. A.L. Mazlumov", Nalbandyan A. A. , Rudenko T. S. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “All-Russian Research Institute of Sugar Beetroot and Sugar named after. A.L. Mazlumov", Fomina A. S. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “All-Russian Research Institute of Sugar Beetroot and Sugar named after. A.L. Mazlumov"
Published: April 2023

The aim of this work is to test specific primers FusA1F/R, 2Ch300F/R, and 7Ch310F/R to study SE2 gene responsible for expression of acid chitinase in stressful situations, and loci that ensure resistance of sugar beetroot breeding material to Fusarium rot. Material for the study was sugar beetroot plants of domestic and foreign selection. To confirm the connection of SE2 gene (localized on chromosome 3)which controlsstable level of acid chitinase with resistance of sugar beetroot to root rot, ten samples of sugar beetroot were typed using molecular genetic marker FusA1. Two 600 b.p. and 400 b.p. DNA fragments in all studied genotypes, except wild beetroot plants (Beta corolliflora Zoss.)were identified. As a result of the studies of SE2 gene, eight single nucleotide substitutions (3 T/C, 2 C/G, A/G, G/A, C/T) and three single nucleotide insertions (nucleotide A) were identified in plants of Shannon foreign hybrid compared to the resistant genotype. As for loci encoding protective proteins (regions of the second and seventh chromosomes) and involved in formation of resistance to Fusarium rot, SNPs were also found in domestic breeding materials and foreign hybrids. The Geneious Prime tool was used to analyze and align the sequenced sequences.
SELECTION OF APPROPRIATE NUTRIENT MEDIUM FOR CULTIVATION OF PYRENOPHORA TERES DRECHSLER
Authors:   FSBSI Federal Scientific Center of Biological Plant Protection, Volkova G. V. , Yakhnik Ya. V. ,   FSBSI Federal Scientific Center of Biological Plant Protection, Kremneva O. Yu. ,   FSBSI Federal Scientific Center of Biological Plant Protection, Merzlikina E. N. ,   Kuban State University
Published: April 2023

Net blotch (Pyrenophora teres Drechsler) is the dominant pathogenic complex of barley leaf diseases worldwide. The study of various methods of controlling hemibiotrophic fungus requires careful preparation and development of a sufficient amount of pathogenic inoculum. The aim of our research was to select appropriate nutrient medium for obtaining P. teres inoculum with maximum aggressiveness parameters (colony growth rate, sporulation, short latency period) and ergonomics in preparation. Three nutrient media were used: carrot-beet agar (CBA), potato-glucose agar (PGA), Czapek's medium for standard methods and cultivation conditions. The selection consisted of 10 isolates for each nutrient medium and had statistically significant differences among the experimental variants. It was found that appropriate combination of parametres such as growth rate (5.3±0.5 mm/day), colony diameter (53.4±1.1 mm), latent period (4 days), sporulation intensity (4100 conidia in 1 ml) was observed in case of cultivation of P. teres isolates on carrot-beet agar on the 6th day. When cultivating the fungus on potato-glucose agar, rather high growth rates (5.2±0.8 mm/day), colony diameter (52.0±2.9 mm), sporulation intensity (3700 conidia per 1 ml) were revealed, the latent period was the longest among the studied variants, the first sporulation was detected on the 6th day. In case of usage of the standard Czapek medium, the minimum aggressiveness of P. teres isolates was revealed (growth rate - 3.2 ± 0.3 mm/day; colony diameter - 31.6 ± 1.9 mm; latent period - spores were revealed on the 4th day in 1 cup; the intensity of sporulation was 500 conidia per 1 ml). It was noted that there is a larger range of morphological types of colonies on carrot-beet agar, including morphotypes of isolates which grow on other media. Almost all experimental variants cultivated on CBA medium had a clear structured mycelium with a dark color, which indicates a sufficient availability of nutrients in the culture medium. Thus, it is reasonable to use carrot-beet agar in order to obtain P. teres inoculum with maximum aggressiveness parameters and low labor costs when using standard cultivation methods.