bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GURU DAN KARYAWAN KATOLIK SEBAGAI SAKSI INJIL DI SEKOLAH
Authors: Supriyadi Agustinus
Published: August 2019

The times changing. Thus also change the dynamics of human life. And in these changes, contains elements call for disciples of Christ to carry out the testimony of the Gospel and the truth. Catholic teachers and employees are called to bear witness to the Gospel through their concrete life. The call to duty and they need to learn from Jesus himself as an exemplary witness. And this, faith in Jesus becomes the basis of which strengthen them to be witnesses ofthe Gospel. Being a witness to the Gospel, first of all directed towards integral human safety. To support these efforts, need to be presented through live testimony is relevant in the context of the student. Teachers and employees of Catholic at schools, are called to take action testimony. This action not only covers the areas of teaching and the work of a rigid, or limited formal responsibilities, but also the field of witness of life (good deeds). With her they also serve the students and their context. The focus is not on science, but students with all ofits dimensions.
MOTIVATION FACTORS AT WORK
Authors: Qarri Havë , Fejza Jusuf
Published: August 2019

There are many theories about motivation. Different scholars have tried to find out why some people want to work and some do not, why some people are better than others and what motivates them to achieve results. There is one but a very simple recipe on how to motivate people. The motive depends on the individual, the situation or the people with whom we are working. Motivation theories can only be used as a tool. But commanders need to know when and how to use the right tool (theory).Motivation is a very specific topic and not very elaborate among us. Therefore, we took the courage to choose this subject as a course. In order to make the work as rich as possible we have used different literature."To win competitive advantage and survive in the global economy, managers must motivate their employees. Motivation is a complex psychological process in which demands and desires create driving forces that aim at achieving goals.
SELECTION CRITERIA AND FINANCIAL CORRECTIONS THROUGH THE PRISM OF THE CASE LAW
Authors: Sabev Sabin , Ilcheva Maria
Published: August 2019

According to article 70 from the Law on the management of European Structural and Investment Funds, the financial support with resources form these funds can be entirely or partially revoked with a financial correction for irregularity, which might be a fault in the public procurement process, implemented with an action or inactivity on behalf of the beneficiary and would have as a result a financial damage on the resources from the European Structural and Investment Funds, as well as for other irregularity considered a violation of the applicable legislation of the European Union and/or Bulgarian legislation which is related with an action or inactivity of the beneficiary and might lead to a financial damage of the resources from the European Structural and Investment Funds.The Council of Ministers of Republic of Bulgaria has published an Ordinance for identification of irregularities, which might be considered grounds for financial corrections, together with percentage indicators for defining the scope of financial corrections according to the Law on management of resources from the European Structural and Investment Funds. In this ordinance some of the violations which lead to imposing financial corrections are related with defining the selection criteria for the potential applicants and participants in the procurement process – such as failure to publish the selection criteria on the contract notice, unlawful award criteria, award criteria which are not related with the matter of the contract or are disproportionate to the scope of contract, changing the criteria after opening the tenders which may result in incorrect acceptance or rejection of tenderers, assessing the tenderers and applicants while using unlawful and discriminatory selection criteria.
INTEGRATION IN THE FOOD CANNING INDUSTRY – KEY ELEMENT FOR THE COMPETITIVENESS OF THE INDUSTRY
Authors: Yaneva Ana , Toskov Georgi , Fidan Hafize , Stankov Stanko
Published: August 2019

The Food canning industry is one of the most important sectors in the world and national economies. The extended growing of the population creates a challenge for the food availability and access of every country. In order to balance supply with the growing demand, the production process has to be optimized as much as possible. Moreover, the production companies have to answer to the growing needs of their customers not only for ordinary products, but also for food with sustainable qualities and guarantee origin of the used raw materials.This article examines the integration processes in the food canning industry, which are considered to be one of the most important competitive advantages for the companies in the industry. Integrated connections in a production company are priority for the higher management, which directly means that they should be properly established. The integrated connections also can be related to the cluster interactions, which also is a factor for the sustainable development of the national economy. The link between these two interactions can be implemented in a certain B2B collaboration, which will give the manufacturers opportunity to make their production in new market niches.There are three types of integration – vertical, horizontal and diversification. The vertical integration is a strategy where a firm acquires business operations within the same production vertical. The horizontal integration is the acquisition of a business operating at the same level of the value chain in a similar or different industry. This is in contrast to vertical integration, where firms expand into upstream or downstream activities, which are at different stages of production. Diversification is a corporate integration which means to enter into a new market or industry in which the business doesn't currently operate, while also creating a new product for that new market. The article summarizes that the different integrations relation in the food canning industry are one of the most effective techniques to expand the effectiveness of manufacturers.
STUDY ON THE ATTITUDE OF RESTAURANTEURS IN BULGARIA, REGARDING THE USE OF REGIONAL FOOD PRODUCTS
Authors: Stankov Stanko , Fidan Hafize , Toskov Georgi , Yaneva Ana
Published: August 2019

This study aims to examine the attitude of the restaurant business for collaboration and development of small and medium-sized enterprises in the food production chain. The study tracks out the attitude of leading companies in the area of the restaurant industry for the usage of regional food products. The investigation is based on a survey conducted by 50 restaurants, identified as catering establishments for feeding large number of customers. The results show that 62% of respondents accepted the conception of using regional food products in their enterprises, while 15% of the participants expressed concerns about the product quality and only 6% of them consider that ensuring sufficient quantities of raw materials could be a problem that requires accuracy. Only 4% of participants would have difficulties when purchasing and incorporating local products into their meal concept. The main identified problem of 10% of restaurant’s owners and managers, participated in the survey, is related to the possibilities for incorporating new technologies and presentation of the final product through the use of regional food products.
A SURVEY INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) - APPLICATIONS, BENEFITS& CHALLENGES
Authors: Misimi Verda , Xhaferi Miranda
Published: August 2019

Communication between people isunavoidable nowadays; sending and receiving information through internet among people is our daily routine which is known as Internet of People. Hence, this kind of communication has grown even more, making possible to communicate not just people but also things which is known as Internet of Things, one of the trendiest technology. The Internet of Things or IoT refers to the billions of physical devices around the world that are now connected to the internet, collecting and sharing data.The increase of population in urban places and their requirements impose the creation of a system that will satisfy all of these requirements. Due to the increasing number of population the numbers of things that people own has grown enormously. Therefore, this fact generated the idea of adding sensors and intelligence to basic objects. Thanks to cheap processors, wireless network,sensors and actuators is possible to turn anything, from a pill to an aeroplane, into part of the Internet of Things. Combining these digital things in the past was very difficult or barely possible simply because the technology was not ready. The IoT integrates the interconnectedness of human culture- our “things” with the interconnectedness of our digital information system- “the internet”.The development of modern technologies and the Internet of Things establishmentmerged the digital and physical worlds, namely adding digital intelligence to devices that would be otherwise dumb, enabling them to communicate.The potential of this tendencyincreases day by day, enabling a very wide usage. The Internet of Things aims to provide a simple interaction between the physical world and virtual world, integrating a large number of devices of the real world to the internet. The Internet of Things promises to make our environment - our homes,offices and vehicles smarter, more measurable and chattier.The benefits of Internet of Things depend on the particular implementation, but the key is that enterprises should have access to more data about their own things and their own internal system and a greater ability to make changes as a result. It is impossible to predict all IoT applications considering the swift progress of technology and the diversely requirements of consumers. Thus, in our paper we will mention some of the most used and most important applications of IoT, as well the benefits of its implementation in different platforms in different environments. In the end, we emphasize the challenges we face during IoT application, moreoverthe common issues in the adoption of IoT on a large scale.
FROM INTEGRAL TOWARDS NATIONAL SECURITY
Authors: Kotovchevski Mitko , Kotovchevska Blagica
Published: August 2019

The term security often covers a whole range of different aspects of human existence and action in society and nature. The conscious struggle to establish a state of security is a civilization and cultural category that covers all aspects of contemporary security: economic, social, cultural, political, environmental, defense, etc. Establishing a state of security covers all those emergent forms of social life that are also among the social values. Security can be treated as a condition in which the physical, spiritual, mental and material survival of the individual and of the social community in a perfect balance with other individuals, social communities and with the nature. From a development point of view, security is incorporated as a biological organism, as a struggle of the organism for survival, as an adaptation of the organism to the threatening influences of its own environment.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE EUROPEAN DEFENSE POLICY
Authors: Arsovski Marjan , Gerasimoski Saše
Published: August 2019

European Union member states have always recognized the need to act together in foreign policy and defense matters, but this has proved to be a difficult challenge and hard to achieved. The principle of a common foreign and security policy (CFSP) was formalized for the first time in 1992 by the Treaty of Maastricht, but creation of formal secondary instruments for diplomacy and intervention were needed pursuant to regional conflicts in the 1990s. Such decisive actions are the European Union peacekeeping missions to several of the world’s trouble spots which promote development of the European Security and Defense Policy and design of European military structure. The first Europe defense agreement was sign on 17 of March 1948 in Brussels establishing the Western European Union. Together with the NATO Agreement they create the defense policy of Europe. In this context, the research paper aims is to explore the development of the Western European Union as a cradle for the birth of the European Union security and defense policy and the difference between the policies that are in the Union competence and the one exclusively to the Member States.
THE IMPACT OF THE INTERNATIONAL FACTOR OF CONFLICT IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
Authors: Berisha Hatidza
Published: August 2019

The events that took place in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) after the collapse of the Soviet Union and the unification of Germany, as well as the attitudes of the international factor towards the Bosnian crisis, should be considered in the process of disintegration of the former Yugoslavia, and secession of its republics. Due to the impossibility of a peaceful agreement on the resolution of state status and the organization of the state by political factors in B&H, it was necessary for the international community to intervene in resolving the state's status and relations in it.The aim of the paper is to analyze the impact of an international factor on developments in B&H right before the outbreak of the conflict, as well as during the course of the 1992-1995 period. years. The impact of the international factor has been viewed through the role of Europe (the European Community, since 1993 - the European Union and West European countries) on the one hand and the United States of America on the other, as the main and determining factors of the international community in resolving the Bosnian issue. The United Nations Organization (OUN) remained in the other plan in this process, while the role of the Soviet Union was not significant, because the Soviet Union was solving its own growing problems that arose at the end of the Cold War by the breakup of the Warsaw Pact, and later after the collapse of the state.
INFORMAL FОRМS OF CONTROL OVER THE ORGANS OF THE ADMINISTRATION
Authors: Risteski Temelko , Sijic Vesna , Hasanbegovic Metin
Published: August 2019

According to the Constitution, the Republic of Macedonia is a democratic state. A democratic state fits a democratic society. In a democratic society, administration is a service for citizens. The things it performs are in the function of satisfying the needs of the citizens. The interests of the citizens arise from the needs. A general interest of the citizens is administration to be efficient in the performance the tasks within its competence.The administration is efficient if its activities accomplish the goals of the citizens.Control over the administration provides an insight into the administrative function in order to perceive possible deviations in the performance of the activities that compose it from the goals set by the society as an association of citizens and to undertake corrective measures for removing those deviations.Beside the formal control of the administration that citizens exercise through the control and protection organs and institutions of society in the manner and in the procedures for work of those organs and institutions prescribed by law, there are informal forms of control whose implementation is not formally prescribed by normative acts. Citizens perform these forms of control individually or organized in civic associations such as political parties, trade union organizations, citizens' associations, media ets.If the entities of control are outside the organizational structure of the administrative organs, this is an external informal control over the administrative organs. If they are in the organizational structure of these organs, this is an internal informal control over the administration organs.The paper provides an analytical overview of the forms of external and internal informal control over the administration organs.A central issue of the analysis is the control over the administration by political parties belonging to the opposition. Within this issue, a review of the constructiveness of the opposition is a necessary imperative for uniting the will of the citizens in the direction of achieving the goals of the constitutional order of the Republic of Macedonia: establishing and consolidating the rule of law; guaranteeing human rights and civil liberties; providing peace and coexistence, social justice, economic well-being and prosperity in the life of the individual and the community.
BASIC PROSTITUTION ORGANIZATIONS TYPES
Authors: Terziev Venelin , Bonev Hristo
Published: August 2019

This article outlines the three main prostitution organization types as well as hierarchical structures in criminal organizations dealing with human trafficking, prostitution and sexual exploitation. Several major categories of personages are directly involved in organized crime groups. The main indicators for assessing the prostitution prevention are defined and the principles for system management and management are justified. The three factors of prostitution management - psychological, social and financial - are outlined. An evaluation of the prostitution market has been carried out and the functions of the domestic and external markets for paid sex are described. The data provided gives us a reason to assume that the consumption of sexual services is increasing.
HISTORICAL REVIEW OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SECURITY SYSTEM OF THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA AS A PRECONDITION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF STATE AND THE LAW
Authors: Spaseski Dimitar
Published: August 2019

The security system in the Republic of Macedonia is established as a system of protection of the basic values, a system that should be in function of the protection of the state and the rights and freedoms of all citizens of the Republic of Macedonia, but also a system that should protect the state from all types of threats.The state security policy should be set up so that it can perceive, prevent and eliminate all occurrences of internal or external character in a timely manner that would cause minor or greater violations of the security situation in the society, and thus certain consequences for the citizens and the system, in general. To achieve these goals the state should keep a security policy that means the construction and upgrading of the security system that will be able to respond to modern security challenges, to prevent and resolve the eventual crisis in the country, and to be the guarantor of peace and stability of the state.From the tribal society, the first forms of endangerment of human communities are dated when the survival of man and tribal community was often questioned. But, at that very low and primitive level of development, the man undertook a series of measures to protect him from all kinds of threats and from the dangers that were manifested to him. From then until today's modern societies, the forms and types of endangering of human communities have not disappeared, but rather drastically increased, posing a threat not only in the socio-economic development, but also on the survival of the state and its population.Each society, regardless of internally established socio-political, economic, social and other relationships, determines the social values that are the subject of protection and who actually are of vital interest or the interest of the whole community. These primarily include material goods of society, the state order, territorial integrity, the life and health of the population, its rights and freedoms, etc.Organized crime, corruption and other forms of serious crime that are on the rise are a serious threat to any country. The growth of well-organized criminal groups and transnational organizations on a global scale are factors that seriously affect security in the country and beyond. This situation not only undermines the fundamental values of society, morality and legal norms, but also has a major impact on the economic growth of the country.
STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF THE EU INFOSOC DIRECTIVE WITH AN EMPHASIS ON THE PROVISIONS OF COPYRIGHT EXCEPTIONS AND LIMITATIONS
Authors: Sekulovska Ivona
Published: August 2019

Directive 2001/29/EC on the harmonization of certain aspects of copyright and related rights in the information society also known as the InfoSoc Directive, entered into force on 22 June 2001.625 In the language of the European Union “information society” means the internet. In order to respond to the new forms of exploitation of the copyright works, the law on copyright and related right needed to be adapted. These economic challenges require a new and flexible Community legal framework, so that the information society could be maintained and developed. However, the objectives of the Copyright Directive resulted in providing measures that concern both the analog and the digital environment, and is further questioned whether the objective of harmonizing the copyright laws has been met. So in this paper the strengths and the weaknesses of certain provisions of the Directive will be briefly summarized.
LANGUAGE THE ONLY MEANS OF CREATING LITERATURE
Authors: Nuredini Zarije
Published: August 2019

This paper attempts to treat different phases of standard Albanian, emphasizing the differences in the language of literature before and after the formation of the Albanian standard language; the words and expressions used in the past; the grammatical language forms they have obtained; the aesthetic function of language in written literature. It also aims to present and develop the great expressive possibilities of the Albanian language and the various forms and hues it takes in artistic literature. The lexis of the literature is a permanent source of standard language not only in our language, but in all languages of the world.When we say linguistic differences in the language of literature, we mean the fund of special words that are being activated in a literary work, as well as the literary-stylistic hues they take while used in some special cases, thus producing literary metaphors, for we know that language is the only means of creating literature and that without it we would not be able to think and talk about literature.We will also treat the process of enriching the standard language through literature, as it is well known that literature takes care of a greater linguistic prosperity, and this is constantly achieved by activating the words of the reserve fund of a language, the obsolete words, and so on.
GRAMMATICAL CATEGORIES OF VERBS IN ENGLISH AND ALBANIAN
Authors: Ejupi Suzana , Skenderi Lindita
Published: August 2019

Working with English learners for many years, gives you the opportunity to encounter linguistic obstacles that they face while learning English language as a foreign language. Additionally, teaching for 13 years and observing the learning process, it enables you to recognize the students’ needs and at the same time, detect linguistic mistakes that they make, while practicing the target language. During my experience as a teacher, in terms of teaching and learning verbs in general and its grammatical categories in specific, it is noticed that Albanian learners find it relatively difficult the correct use of verbs in context and even more confusing the equivalent use of verbs in Albanian. Since verbs present an important part of speech, this study aims to investigate several differences and similarities between grammatical categories of verbs in English and Albanian. As a result, the Albanian learners of English language will be able to identify some of the major differences and similarities between the grammatical categories of verbs in English and Albanian; overcome the usual mistakes; gain the necessary knowledge regarding verbs and use them properly in English and Albanian.
SOME ISSUES REGARDING THE TRANSLATION OF ADJECTIVES IN LITERARY TEXTS FROM ENGLISH TO ALBANIAN
Authors: Nuhiu Remzije
Published: August 2019

Translation of literary texts has always been a huge challenge for translators. To translate a Shakespearean sonnet seems almost impossible when having in consideration the artistic value as well as textual complexity. Some critics even discuss the percentages as to what is more possible to translate in terms of literary genres. Undoubtedly, poetry is harder to translate from one language to another. Drama is easier to translate as it does not have the lengthy description of images that novels have. Translation of novels is somewhere in the middle. The last one is going to be object of discussion in this paper. However, having in mind that a wider research on translation of novels may take a lengthy work, this paper will limit its discussion on the translation of adjectives only. This work will be based on the novel The Great Gatsby by Francis Scott Fitzgerald and its translation in Albanian Getsbi i Madh by Stavri Pone. Starting from the point that English language is far richer than Albanian language in terms of vocabulary, one can predict that this issue may be quite interesting to discuss. Another dimension of this topic is the fact that in English language adjectives are usually placed before the nouns while in Albanian language they go after the nouns. It is also worth mentioning that English language has different types of adjective from Albanian language. Similar issues will be added to this paper to fulfill this paper and to enlighten the difficulties in this discourse and to raise questions such as: Are the adjectives properly translated? Do they carry the same meaning? What are the most frequent adjectives in English that need to be adapted? Do the adjectives in English stay adjectives in Albanian?
SHELL WORDS IN ANATOMY A CONTRASTIVE STUDY OF BULGARIAN AND ENGLISH ANATOMICAL SYSTEMS
Authors: Dagnev Ivaylo , Saykova Mariya , Yaneva Maya
Published: August 2019

Shell words are a particular category of lexemes that make up an open-ended functionally defined class of abstract nouns having the potential to be as conceptual shells for complex, proposition-like pieces of information. Examples include: “fact”, “case”, “idea”, “problem”, “position”, “cause”, “situation”, “something”, etc. The idea of a particular class of words that group semantic features, but are not related to a referent is also found in many authors. Such words have greater reference potential and thus become useful for naming different referents (onomasiological salience). From a theoretical point of view, the need for a context to determine the meaning of a single lexeme is in fact equivalent to deleting the difference between polysemy and vagueness. Shell nouns are indexical words or "hollow words, envelopes" because their meaning is incomplete; they only point to what can fill the envelope, but still give it some structure. Thus, the meaning associated with these shell units is both context-related and in turn generates a linguistic context. At first glance it seems strange that generalized words such as shells are not hyperonimic, but in connection with the nature of the anatomical terms (physically perceived) it is important to note that it is precisely words from the basic level that are conceptualized as sensory and functional gestalts. The eventual clash between the specificity of the object and the abstract nature of terms causes the conflict in terminology. Once again, the choice of a linguistic rather than a terminological approach to the names of the anatomical objects is argued. The current research assumes that shell function may be applicable to specific nouns, i.e. anatomical terms, the so-called termini generales. In both Bulgarian and English anatomical terminologies, there are about 190 such terms that are head words in anatomical expressions and occur in all parts of anatomy, e.g. terms such as: glava (en – head), greben (en – crest), gynka (en –fold), klon (en – branch), list (en – leaf), plocha (en – plate), sloy (en – layer), tyalo (en – body), vryzka (en – “link”, “connection”), etc. What is special about them is that with their help are formed the names of organs in the different systems. Their semantic value is contextually defined. They "mark” large branches in the anatomical terminology system and are expressions of terminological multiplicity. Obtained through specialization of commonly used nouns, general terms are a manifestation of re-terminologization through metaphorical projection. In our view, termini generales have lost their metaphorical status (if they have one) and some of them serve as shell nouns. We also perform a cross-linguistic Bulgarian – English analysis of shells in both anatomical systems.
“THE ROSE SULTANA OF THE NIGHTINGALE” ORIENTAL IMAGES, CHARACTERS AND SETTING IN BYRON’S THE GIOAUR
Authors: Pop Zarieva Natalija
Published: August 2019

It is surprising that Romanticism, a literary movement generally associated with nature, emotions and imagination, had close connection with imperialism, through its most distinguished cultural characteristic - Orientalism. Most of the major Romantic poets found in the Orient not just a noteworthy point of reference for various cultural or political backgrounds, but an important backdrop in the realization of their literary careers. However, most of the writers of this period had never visited the East. Hence, their attitudes towards it differ from Lord Byron’s, who not only embarked on the Grand Tour, among other countries to Albania, Greece and Turkey, early in his career, but also eternalized the theme of escapism in some of his greatest poetry like Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage and Don Juan. The exotic East offered Byron the basis for the aesthetic achievement in his Oriental Tales: The Giaour, Lara, The Corsair, The Siege of Corinth and The Bride of Abydos, but also his play Sardanapalus. The main interest of this paper, however, is the study of Oriental elements in Byron’s first Oriental tale - The Gioaur. I have come to realize that Byron emerges as distinct from and rises above his contemporaries in the treatment of the Orient with regard to the broad range, accurate portrayal and his creative empathy. One of the purposes of this paper would be to acknowledge this uncommon responsiveness to the Orient and to enlighten Byron's use of Oriental allusions. The poem represents an artistic mixture of Eastern and Western elements. This paper will focus on the depiction of the East in images, settings, characters and themes, and explore the way the poet skillfully incorporates a Western hero in an Eastern setting and increases the overall impression by the poem’s various narrators. Byron was the first author who allowed an Oriental character to relay a story from his Islamic point of view. This makes Byron different from his contemporaries; he does not throttle the Oriental voice. The voice of the Muslim narrator emphasizes the Oriental character of the poem as his references and viewpoints bestow a specific Oriental colour. In the depiction of the two main male characters, Byron has skillfully employed the effect of doubling which excludes the position of the Giaour as superior over his Oriental rival. Just as Hassan does not feel any remorse for the death of Leila, so does the Giaour’s regret not stem in the immorality of his deeds or social transgressions. He is endowed with the same weaknesses and vices as Hassan. Artistically threading together, a diversity of Oriental details, such as natural and animal imagery, creatively incorporating picturesque similes and allusions, Byron has managed to fashion a faithful Oriental story.
THE DOYEN OF TURKISH LITERATURE IN REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA- ILHAMI EMIN
Authors: Koteva Ivana , Celik Mahmut
Published: August 2019

The subject of our interest in the research that preceded this scholarly work was the life and creative path of Ilhami Emin, that is, his contribution to the development of Turkish literature in the Republic of Macedonia. For the purpose we consulted with literary works that offer many data, that is, they talk about the period in which he lived and created "the poet of the Turkish people". Beginning from his birth in the city of Radovis, his tumultuous school years to his work and successful acting in various cultural areas, we once again prove his great merit for the development of Turkish literature in our region. Ilhami Emin conveyed another important feature in his creation, which is bilingualism. Namely, he creates and publishes in parallel both in Turkish and in the Macedonian language, that is, his works are published in the Republic of Macedonia and the Republic of Turkey, which is why we can say that Emin has in range and aesthetically charged both the Turkish and the Macedonian literature.
POETIC CREATION OF ILHAMI EMIN PUBLISHED IN MACEDONIAN LANGUAGE
Authors: Koteva Ivana , Celik Mahmut , Ivanova Vesna
Published: August 2019

The purpose of our research was to find out the literary path of Ilhammi Emin, as well as his poetic work published in Macedonian language. For that purpose, we started the research from literary sources that provide us with data on its beginning and the developmental path of the literary scene. We then approached his first book, "Life Sings and cry’s" published in 1955, then moving forward, to the collection of poetry "Gultepe" (2010), we noted the motives that fulfill these works. Each subsequent work, continuation of the previous one, each with the title and smell of the rose, which symbolizes love, smell and respect. And the motives in them are constantly complementing and intertwining. To find out why Emin created concurrently in both Turkish and Macedonian, with a style characteristic of him only.
PEER ASSESSMENT AT TERTIARY LEVEL
Authors: Kamberi Lulzime , Nuhiu Majlinda
Published: August 2019

Autonomous second language learning (SLL) is a topic of focus in every educational setting and almost universally supported by institutions and scholars in the whole world. One aspect of autonomous learning is peer evaluation (Harmer, 2001; Benson, 2001; Cottrall, 1999; Everhard&Murphy) Seeking to make students more autonomous leaners and take more responsibility for their learning, as well as assess the effect of peer assessment, on language acquisition, peer assessment has been introduced to student of the final semester of their studies. This paper reports initial results from a study into the effectiveness of peer assessment in an EFL (English as a Foreign Language) classroom instruction, in a methodology course, conducted in the second semester of the academic year 2017/2018, at the Department of English Language and Literature, at the University of Tetovo, Macedonia. Applying frequency statistics, Fraenkel&Wallen, (2003), the study has analyzed peer assessment; in contrast to teacher assessment of student presentations. Content analysis (Leedy & Ormord, 2005) to identify themes biases and meaning, the study investigated the validity and reliability of peer assessment. Convenience sampling among students enrolled in the seventh semester identified a non-random sample of 20 students representing 41% of the possible cohort. The findings of the study revealed that students were not prepared to assess each other and rather acted on their personal feelings towards their peers. In conclusion, it is argued that research designs involving an extended period of time and with a larger sample will be needed to confirm these results.
SEMANTIC FIELD OF STELLA IN THE DICTIONARY OF NAIDEN GEROV
Authors: Baeva Albena
Published: August 2019

The article deals with the semantic field of the Bulgarian language in the dictionary of Nayden Gerov. An attempt is made to describe his composition, peculiarities and meaningful relationships in the field. An interesting feature of the field is the lack of some lexemes, which is explained by the presence of other meanings in the respective wordsc.
RELATIONS BETWEEN ALBANIAN AND BULGARIAN DURING 1912-1914
Authors: Peza-Perriu Majlinda
Published: August 2019

The history of the Balkans has been and is the story of the peoples who have lived and tried for the relationship of a worthy and peaceful neighborhood on this peninsula. But in a few cases, these relationships are defined by state policies and as such have been conflicting. Referring to political developments, after the First Balkan War Balkan conflicts between the Balkan states conditioned the outbreak of the Second Balkan War. Albania's destiny was directly linked to these Balkan conflicts. The only Balkan state, which had no territorial claims in Albania, resulted to be Bulgaria. In this regard, we point out that Bulgaria's interests after the First Balkan War resonated with the interests of Albanians. The decision of the Ambassadors' Conference in London unduly left outside the borders of the new Albanian state almost half of the country's lands. Did Bulgaria support the new Albanian state at the London Conference of Ambassadors? What was the attitude of the Bulgarian population during the Albanian uprising against the Serbs of 1913? The treatment and analysis of these issues is also the focus of our research in the framework of this scientific paper. In reflecting on such issues, we have relied on the consultation of a broad and contemporary literature, seen in the context of comparability of archival documents, with new approaches and attitudes.
THE LEGAL – POLITICAL POSITION OF THE ISLAMIC RELOGIOUS COMMUNITY IN THE KINGDOM OF SCS JUGOSLAVIA (1918-1935)
Authors: Mandak Rejhan
Published: August 2019

The position and organization of the Islamic religious community of Muslims in the newly formed Kingdom of SCS in different parts of the country were set differently. The Islamic religion in the Kingdom of Serbia during the second half of the 19th century, up to the World War I, had the status of a recognized religion, but not equal to the Orthodox one. Up to the First Balkan War, Islam had the same status in Macedonia. After the Balkan Wars (1912–1913), the Ottoman rule ceased in Macedonia, Kosovo and Sandjak. The new territories were added to the Kingdom of Serbia and Montenegro. In these areas, the Muslim population was significant in numbers, so the question of their religious and civil-legal status was raised. These questions were also entered into the content of the Peace Treaty, signed between the Kingdom of Serbia and the Ottoman State on 14th March, 1914, in Istanbul. The Constantinople Agreement envisioned establishment of an entire religious organization of Muslims in the Kingdom of Serbia. The head of Muslims for the Kingdom of Serbia was the Supreme Mufti seated in Nis, and later in Belgrade, and in each Muslim-populated district there would be a mufti, which had local religious, administrative, educational and judicial power over the Muslim population. One of the characteristic of the Muslims in Vardar Macedonia, as well as in Kosovo and Sandjak, is that the religious and sharia-judicial functions were merged in one person – the mufti. With the Decree on the organization of courts and court proceedings in the incorporated areas in old Serbia, (referring to Macedonia, Kosovo and Sandjak) from 7th June, 1914, the jurisdiction of the mufti also included marital disputes of Muslims, disputes over support, guardianship and its obligations, as well as the emancipation of young people.
CONGRESS OF ELBASAN AND THE IMPORTANCE OF NORMAL (PEDAGOGICAL) SCHOOL
Authors: Daiu Dorina
Published: August 2019

Throughout the history, teachers have played a crucial and missionary role in the preparation of generations as citizens of the future. Gratitude on teachers is definitely a patriotic obligation to them.In Albania, due to different historical, geographical and economic factors, teachers have worked and lived in difficult conditions. This is not only in the long periods of foreign conquests and in the period of the National Renaissance but also after the victory of Independence and the creation of an independent Albanian state.Most of them, as true missionaries, regardless of the conditions, devoted themselves to that noble silence, worked without a self-propelled for the nation, which always required renaissance. With and without appropriate school facilities, with difficult general conditions, with or without texts, with a lack of teaching resources, without guaranteed livelihoods, served in an exemplary manner to teach new generations the writing of Albanian language and to cultivate to the student knowledge and how to love their country.But when does the formation of teachers in Albania have the most significant institutional beginnings or developments?Through this paper I tried to bring into attention the decisions of the Congress of Elbasan in 1909 as the first Albanian Pedagogical Congress whose primary task was the opening of a Pedagogical School. This school would served in the institutionally studied preparation of teachers whose job at that time was a national emergency for the development of the Albanian nation. This school was set up to open in the city of Elbasan.Elbasan, a city of Middle Albania, has been described as the cradle of the Normal School. Alongside the economic and social development, Elbasan was also acclaimed for his cultural and educational development, especially in the period of the National Renaissance.Of great importance in the formation of students there is the patriotic spirit of the Renaissance, which was always alive and powerful among Normale's teachers.Patriotic education of students remained as primary target in the field of general formation. Albania's Albanian language (literature, history, and geography) was developed at the highest possible level of time. Since its beginning, Normal School was not seen simply as a high school, but as an educational institution that represented the dignity of the nation, which would radiate the light of Albanian knowledge. Opening Normale School was not a matter of knowledge but also patriotism.
A NARRATIVE OF A YOUNG FEMALE IN AN OLD MAN’S INDUSTRY SEXISM AND AGEISM IN A MACEDONIAN FAMILY-OWNED BUSINESS
Authors: Xhelili Arta
Published: August 2019

Communication between supervisors and subordinates is a crucial aspect of organizational communication, because its quality can truly mean the difference between organizational success and failure. If supervisors and subordinates within a company have respect for each other and are able to communicate in a healthy, effective manner, the company's chances of achieving its goals are greatly increased. On the other hand, when power disputes and rivalries arise, much energy is wasted, and potentials (both individual and collective) are left unfulfilled. This case study uses a narrative of a dysfunctional relationship in order to analyze the conflicts that occur between younger female supervisors and their older male subordinates within the specific context of family-owned businesses. This particular type of conflict is of special interest for traditionally male-dominated societies, where we can realistically expect to encounter such conflicts. Also, because family-owned businesses employ a significant portion of the global workforce, this analysis can contribute to the resolution of such conflicts in other organizations. The dysfunctional supervisor-subordinate relationship was analyzed through the lenses of family business theory, sex stereotypes and age-based beliefs. After analysis four solutions were given for improving the narratives’ dysfunctional relationship.
Beneficios profesionales y demandas organizacionales en la relación Estado-sindicatos del sector público
Authors: Duhalde Santiago
Published: August 2019

En este artículo indagamos en torno a la relación entre el Estado como empleador y las entidades gremiales del sector público. Entendemos que este vínculo tiene ciertas particularidades en comparación con la relación sindicato-patrón en el ámbito privado. En el sector público se combinan persistentemente los intereses propiamente laborales (ligados al rol del Estado en tanto empleador) con los intereses políticos (asociados al papel del Estado en tanto poder público), y a esto se suma una convivencia permanente entre gremialistas y funcionarios en las reparticiones públicas y la posibilidad de una efectiva competencia sindical en el sector, lo que genera una dinámica específica entre los actores involucrados. Partiendo de algunos conceptos clave como el de “intercambio político” y el de “recursos de poder”, llevamos a cabo el análisis de un caso de sindicalismo de sector público en el cual este vínculo particular –que se desarrolla a partir del juego de estrategias y negociaciones entre los actores– es examinado en profundidad. Finalmente nos permitimos una serie de reflexiones generales de índole teórica para intentar comprenderlas acciones y decisiones tomadas por los sindicatos de este sector y por el Estado-empleador.
Effectiveness of light emitting diode phototherapy for direct coombs positive newborns
Authors: OKUR Nilüfer , BÜYÜKTİRYAKİ Mehmet , URAS Nurdan , ÖNCEL Mehmet Yekta , ERTEKİN Ömer , CANPOLAT Fuat Emre , OĞUZ Şerife Suna
Published: August 2019

Background: Phototherapy is the most frequently used treatment when serum bilirubin levels exceed physiological limits. The direct antiglobulin titer (DAT) test is regarded as the cornerstone of diagnosis of immune hemolytic disease of the newborn. Methods: Patients with hyperbilirubinemia who were born in our hospital and whose gestational age was over 35 weeks were enrolled. DAT positive and DAT negative patients were compared in terms of light emitting diode (LED) phototherapy efficacy. Results: Seventy-seven cases were DAT-negative and 72 were DAT-positive. No statistically significant differences were found for the duration of phototherapy and hospitalization between the DAT-positive and negative groups. In the DAT-positive group, the phototherapy needs of the patients were determined to occur at an earlier stage (postnatal age 1.4 day, p<0.05), and the rate of patients requiring exchange transfusion, blood transfusion and intravenous immunoglobulin was found to be statistically significant higher in DAT-positive infants. Conclusions: Although LED phototherapy is effective in DAT-positive patients, the need for  exchange transfusion and intravenöz immunoglobulin  (IVIG) shows that there is still a need for more effective phototherapy in these patients.
Suppression mechanism study of attached apex drogue on undesirable
inflation phenomena
Authors: JUN LI , HAN CHENG , JING YANG
Published: August 2019

At present, the studies of suppression effect of attached apex drogue on undesirable inflation were seriously dependent
on experiments. The experiments were difficult to reveal the suppression mechanism due to the difficulty of data
collection. In this paper, a FSI (Fluid Structure Interaction) model based on explicit finite element method was proposed
to study the suppression mechanism. The graphical deformation method was used to realize the movement of
computational domain. At the same time, the velocity conditions were applied on the boundaries of computational
domain, which was used to simulate the external wind field. The coupling between the fluid and structure described by
Lagrangian meshes was realized by contact algorithm. Finally, an extra-large parachute was taken as the research
object, and the suppression mechanism of attached apex drogue was analyzed according to the numerical results. The
effect of different attached apex drogues with different resistance characteristics also was analyzed by the above FSI
model. The analysis model and method proposed in this paper could provide the design basis of extra-large parachute.