bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perception of faculty in the community health sciences colleges towards simulation-based education in clinical nutrition undergraduate practical courses
Authors: Bindayel Iman Abdullah , Alahmad Shahad Ahmed
Published: April 2024

Background

Simulation now is widely used for training and education in different fields including healthcare education. Medicine and healthcare students can be trained in a secure, efficient, and engaging setting by Simulation-based Education (SBE). Therefore, this study aimed to assess the perception of faculty members in the community health departments towards SBE to be used in practical subjects for clinical nutrition undergraduate courses.

Method

This cross-sectional survey was conducted among community health sciences faculty members. The perception was assessed using a self-administered questionnaire that included three sections.

Results

This questionnaire was completed by 125 faculty members, of whom 36 (28.8%) were male and 89 (71.2%) were female. Overall, faculty members had positive perceptions, with a mean score of 3.86 ± 0.74, but a high level of anxiety toward SBE, with a mean score of 3.42 ± 0.75. There was a statistically significant difference between the responses of the faculty members based on the training they received in simulation (P = 0.001).

Conclusion

The study results indicate that community health sciences faculty members’ perception of SBE in Saudi Arabia is generally positive. However, the results show high levels of anxiety among faculty members toward SBE.
Anatomical variants of the intercostobrachial nerve and its preservation during surgery, a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cirocchi Roberto , Matteucci Matteo , Randolph Justus , Duro Francesca , Properzi Luca , Avenia Stefano , Amato Bruno , Iandoli Ruggiero , Tebala Giovanni , Boselli Carlo , Covarelli Piero , Sapienza Paolo
Published: April 2024

Background

The anatomic variants of the intercostobrachial nerve (ICBN) represent a potential risk of injuries during surgical procedure such as axillary lymph node dissection and sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer and melanoma patients. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the different origins and branching patterns of the intercostobrachial nerve also providing an analysis of the prevalence, through the analysis of the literature available up to September 2023.

Materials and methods

The protocol for this study was registered on PROSPERO (ID: CRD42023447932), an international prospective database for reviews. The PRISMA guideline was respected throughout the meta-analysis. A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. A search was performed in grey literature through google.

Results

We included a total of 23 articles (1,883 patients). The prevalence of the ICBN in the axillae was 98.94%. No significant differences in prevalence were observed during the analysis of geographic subgroups or by study type (cadaveric dissections and in intraoperative dissections). Only five studies of the 23 studies reported prevalence of less than 100%. Overall, the PPE was 99.2% with 95% Cis of 98.5% and 99.7%. As expected from the near constant variance estimates, the heterogeneity was low, I2 = 44.3% (95% CI 8.9%−65.9%), Q = 39.48, p = .012. When disaggregated by evaluation type, the difference in PPEs between evaluation types was negligible. For cadaveric dissection, the PPE was 99.7% (95% CI 99.1%–100.0%) compared to 99.0% (95% CI 98.1%–99.7%).

Conclusions

The prevalence of ICBN variants was very high. The dissection of the ICBN during axillary lymph-node harvesting, increases the risk of sensory disturbance. The preservation of the ICBN does not modify the oncological radicality in axillary dissection for patients with cutaneous metastatic melanoma or breast cancer. Therefore, we recommend to operate on these patients in high volume center to reduce post-procedural pain and paresthesia associated with a lack of ICBN variants recognition.
#junkfluenced: the marketing of unhealthy food and beverages by social media influencers popular with Canadian children on YouTube, Instagram and TikTok
Authors: Potvin Kent Monique , Bagnato Mariangela , Amson Ashley , Remedios Lauren , Pritchard Meghan , Sabir Soulene , Gillis Grace , Pauzé Elise , Vanderlee Lana , White Christine , Hammond David
Published: April 2024

Background

Marketing of unhealthy foods to children on digital media significantly impacts their dietary preferences and contributes to diet-related noncommunicable diseases. Canadian children spend a significant amount of time on digital devices and are frequently exposed to unhealthy food marketing on social media, including by influencers with celebrity status who endorse products. This study aimed to examine the frequency, healthfulness, and power of unhealthy food marketing in posts by influencers popular with Canadian children on YouTube, Instagram and TikTok.

Methods

The top 9 influencers popular amongst Canadian children aged 10–12 years were identified from the 2021 International Food Policy Study Youth Survey. A total of 2,232 Instagram, YouTube and TikTok posts made by these influencers between June 1st 2021 and May 31st 2022 were examined for instances of food marketing. Food products/brands were identified and frequencies were calculated for the number of posts promoting food products/brands, posts promoting products/brands classified as less healthy according to Health Canada’s Nutrient Profile Model (2018) and marketing techniques utilized.

Results

YouTube had the highest average rate of food marketing instances per post, at a rate of 1 food marketing instance every 0.7 posts, while TikTok and Instagram had instances every 10.2 posts and 19.3 posts, respectively. Overall, fast food restaurants was the most promoted food category (21%), followed by regular soft drinks (13%), snacks (11%), candy and chocolate (11%) and water (8%). The most frequently used marketing techniques were appeals to fun/cool (37%), the use of songs or music (28%) and the product being consumed (25%). In terms of healthfulness, 83% of the products/brands (87% of brands and 82% of products) promoted were classified as less healthy.

Conclusions

Social media influencers play a substantial role in promoting unhealthy food products to children, primarily fast food items. Given the significant impact of such marketing on children, there is a need for ongoing government-led monitoring, and it is crucial to include social media and influencer marketing in marketing restrictions targeting children in Canada to safeguard this vulnerable demographic.
Paratesticular cellular angiofibroma: a case report
Authors: Murashima Takaya , Kida Kazutaka , Gi Toshihiro , Hida Takuya , Fujii Masato , Nagai Takahiro , Takamori Hiroki , Mukai Shoichiro , Sato Yuichiro , Kamoto Toshiyuki
Published: April 2024

Introduction

Paratesticular cellular angiofibroma is a rare benign mesenchymal tumor. The optimal management is surgical resection due to the difficulty of preoperative accurate diagnosis.

Case presentation

A 51-year-old Japanese male visited our hospital complaining of asymptomatic left scrotal swelling. Physical examination revealed a nontender elastic paratesticular mass (5.5 cm in diameter). Although testicular germ cell tumor was ruled out clinically, the possibility of malignant potential remained for the tumor. Since the patient consented to complete resection, a transinguinal radical orchiectomy was performed. The pathological diagnosis revealed cellular angiofibroma. The patient recovered without perioperative complications, and no apparent recurrence was observed at 5 years after surgery.

Conclusion

The pathological findings were compatible for cellular angiofibroma. The tumor was successfully resected, and no apparent recurrence was observed at 5 years after surgery.
Comparing cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, and muscular endurance of patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders with a population-based sample
Authors: Kheradmand Ali , Aliabbar Shiva , Danaee Hamid , Hassabi Mohammad , Hamdieh Mostafa , Abedi-Yekta Amir Hosein
Published: April 2024

Background

There is an entrenched reverse link between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and earlier deaths. The purpose of our study was to provide a report of CRF elements in a sample of hospitalized patients with schizophrenia and to compare them with a population-based sample.

Methods

This study was performed on 60 subjects (30 in the schizophrenic and schizoaffective group and 30 in the control group). CRF factors such as body mass index (BMI), and body fat, push-up test, curl-up test, VO2 peak, and sit-and-reach test, were compared across two groups. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) were assessed in the case group.

Results

The body fat percentage, abdominal circumference, and BMI are more in schizophrenic patients. Also, flexibility, muscle endurance, and maximum aerobic capacity are significantly lower in schizophrenic and schizoaffective patients comparing healthy subjects (P < .001). Moreover, we found that with the increasing severity of the disease, the CRF of the patients became worse (P <.001).

Conclusion

Patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders should be evaluated for cardiorespiratory and other factors of CRF. Exercise prescription treatment can be helpful to improve social functioning and decrease the impact of cardiovascular disease in patients with schizophrenia.
Clustering of lifestyle risk factors in relation to suicidal thoughts and behaviors in young adolescents: a cross-national study of 45 low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Zhan Yongle , Wang Pei , Zhan Yongan , Lu Zhiming , Guo Yidan , Ahmad Noor Ani , Owusu Andrew , Chher Tepirou , Hinneh Johnson T. , Aryal Krishna Kumar , Darwish Noorali , Senanayake Sameera J. , Mufadhal Bushra abdulrahman Ahmed , Rady Alissar , Bassier-Paltoo Marcia , Batbaatar Suvd
Published: April 2024

Background

Prior research has reaffirmed lifestyle risk behaviors to cluster among adolescents. However, the lifestyle cluster effect on suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) was unclear among adolescents in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). No comparison of such associations was conducted across nations.

Methods

Data from 45 LMICs were obtained from the Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) between 2009 and 2019. Lifestyle behavior factors were collected through a structured questionnaire. Suicidal ideation, plan, and attempt were ascertained by three single-item questions. Lifestyle risk scores were calculated via a sufficient dimension reduction technique, and lifestyle risk clusters were constructed using a latent class analysis. Generalized linear mixed models with odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to estimate the lifestyle-STB associations.

Results

A total of 229,041 adolescents were included in the final analysis. The weighted prevalence of suicidal ideation, plan, and attempt was 7.37%, 5.81%, and 4.59%, respectively. Compared with the favorable lifestyle group, the unfavorable group had 1.48-, 1.53-, and 3.11-fold greater odds of suicidal ideation (OR = 1.48, 95%CI: 1.30–1.69), plan (OR = 1.53, 95%CI 1.34–1.75), and attempt (OR = 3.11, 95%CI 2.64–3.65). Four clusters of lifestyle risk behaviors were identified, namely healthy lifestyles (H–L), insufficient intake of vegetables and fruit (V-F), frequent consumption of soft drinks and fast food (D-F), and tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking (S-A) clusters. Compared with H–L cluster, V-F cluster was associated with 43% and 42% higher odds of suicidal ideation and plan, followed by S-A cluster (26% for ideation and 20% for plan), but not significant in D-F cluster (P > 0.05). D-F cluster was associated with 2.85-fold increased odds of suicidal attempt, followed by V-F cluster (2.43-fold) and S-A cluster (1.18-fold).

Conclusions

Clustering of lifestyle risk behaviors is informative for risk stratification of STBs in resource-poor settings. Lifestyle-oriented suicide prevention efforts should be initiated among school-attending adolescents in LMICs.
Real-World Challenges of Managing Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma in a Developing Country
Authors: Iftikhar Raheel , Ahmad Usman , Haider Ghulam , Mahmood Humera , Khan Maryam , Masood Misbah , Anwar Nida , Javed Qamar , Sajid Nadia , Tariq Rija , Mehmod Sana , Haider Javeria , Abro Nargis Aalam , Shahbaz Shanzah , Khokhar Abbas , Khan Zeeshan Ahmed , Pervez Hassan , Moosajee Munira , Aziz Zeba
Published: April 2024

PURPOSE

To highlight challenges and cancer care disparities in patients of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma management in resource-constrained settings.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This multicenter retrospective study included 738 patients from 12 public and private sector hematology-oncology centers across Pakistan. Patients were divided into limited-resource and enhanced-resource settings as per national diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) guidelines.

RESULTS

The median age at diagnosis was 47 years (range, 14-89). Male:female ratio was 2.5:1. Majority of the patients (69.3%) were treated in limited-resource settings. Computed tomography was used as a staging modality in 442 (60%) patients. Limited-stage DLBCL was present in 13.5% of patients, while 86.3% had advanced-stage disease at diagnosis. First-line regimens included rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone in 56% and cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone in 34% of patients, while 10% of patients received palliative regimens upfront. Of evaluable data, complete remission was documented in 299 (74.4%) patients, 39 (9.8%) had partial response and 63 (13.5%) had progressive disease. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) status were not available for 345 (46.8%) patients at the time of data collection. Overall study cohort had a median follow-up of 2.2 years with a median OS of 3.6 years (95% CI, 3.1 to 4.1), median DFS of 3.1 years (95% CI, 2.6 to 3.6), and a 5-year OS of 40% and DFS of 36%.

CONCLUSION

Patients from low- and middle-income countries present at an earlier age and have more advanced disease. Patients were frequently lost to follow-up, and record keeping was inadequate more so in patients treated in limited-resource settings. There is a need to establish a national lymphoma registry, improve record keeping, and standardize treatments to ensure improvement in treatment outcomes.
Real-World Evidence of Ribociclib Plus Aromatase Inhibitors as First-Line Treatment in Advanced Breast Cancer: The BrasiLEEira Study
Authors: Suzuki Daniele Assad , Morelle Alessandra Menezes , de Brito Mayana Lopes , Paes Flavia Rocha , Mattar André , Leal Jorge H. Santos , Simon Sérgio D. , Lima Ellias Magalhães Abreu , Werutsky Gustavo , Piotto Gustavo H. Munhoz , Bines José , Damiani Lucas Petri , Macedo Ariane , Campos Lígia , Buehler Anna Maria
Published: April 2024

PURPOSE

Cyclin inhibitors plus endocrine therapy represent the reference standard for hormone receptor–positive (HR+)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative (HER2–) locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer (ABC). Efficacy results on hard end points such as overall survival come from well-designed randomized clinical trials (RCTs). However, a limitation of RCTs is the low external results validity, and their extrapolation to a broader population may not be appropriate. Real-world studies can overcome these limitations, also increasing the reliability of RCTs.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The BrasiLEEira was an observational, longitudinal, retrospective, multicenter study to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of ribociclib plus nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitors in Brazilian women age 18 years or older with HR+/HER2– ABC. The study was approved by the institutional review boards of all 11 hospitals. Data were collected anonymously from medical records using an electronic case report form designed by an independent academic research organization, which conducted the study considering all recommendations of international guidelines. The primary end point was 1-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate. Secondary end points included mortality, dose reduction, and safety.

RESULTS

The mean age of 76 patients was 57 years, and 28.9% were Black/Brown. The most prevalent comorbidity was arterial hypertension (34.7%). About 26.0% had endocrine-resistant disease, and 54.1% had more than three metastatic sites. The PFS rate was 77.6%. Three patients died (3.9%). Dose reductions occurred in 37.7% of patients. The most common adverse event was neutropenia (68.4%).

CONCLUSION

The high-quality evidence from the BrasiLEEira study corroborates the RCTs' findings, expanding its validity to a broader spectrum and underrepresented population who may benefit from ribociclib treatment.
Molecular biology and biochemistry of brain tumours
Authors: Οικονόμου Ευτυχία
Published: April 2024

Η αποσαφήνιση ορισμένων μοριακών μηχανισμών και της βιοχημείας των όγκων του εγκεφάλου είναι ένα σημαντικό βήμα προς την ανάπτυξη επικουρικών ιατρικών θεραπειών. Η παρούσα μελέτη επικεντρώνεται στη χολοκυστοκίνη (CCK), ένα πεπτίδιο που απαντάται τόσο στο γαστρεντερικό όσο και στο εγκεφαλικό σύστημα, και έχει περιγραφεί ότι μπορεί να προκαλέσει μίτωση γλοιώματος αρουραίου καθώς και έκκριση ορμονών από την πρόσθια υπόφυση, μέσω του υποδοχέα CCK-B. Προσδιορίστηκε επίσης η σημασία ενός πολυμορφισμού στο γονίδιο υποδοχέα ορμόνης απελευθέρωσης αυξητικής ορμόνης (GHRH-R) (GHRH-R). Τέλος, διερευνήθηκαν ελαττώματα στο γονίδιο β-κατενίνης, ένα σημαντικό συστατικό της αναπτυξιακής οδού, σε ένα υποσύνολο κρανιοφαρυγγιομάτων. Αντίστροφη μεταγραφή-αλυσιδωτή αντίδραση πολυμεράσης (RT-PCR), ανάλυση περιοριστικής πέψης και άμεση αλληλούχιση έδειξε έκφραση του ίδιου του πεπτιδίου CCK και των υποδοχέων Α και Β από ανθρώπινα γλοιώματα, μηνιγγιώματα και όγκους της υπόφυσης. Τα πεπτίδια CCK διεγείρουν την ανάπτυξη καλλιεργημένων γλοιωμάτων και μηνιγγιώματος καθώς επίσης και την έκκριση in vitro ορμόνης [αυξητική ορμόνη (GH), ωχρινοτρόπου ορμόνη (LH) και ωοθυλακιοτρόπου ορμόνη (FSH)] από όγκους ανθρώπινης υπόφυσης. Αυτά τα βιολογικά αποτελέσματα μειώθηκαν ή αναστάλθηκαν από ανταγωνιστές CCK. Επιπλέον, ένα αντίσωμα ενάντια της CCK μείωσε τη μίτωση από γλοιώματα και μηνιγγιώματα, και το ίδιο αντίσωμα ανέστειλε την έκκριση ορμονών από καλλιεργημένους όγκους ανθρώπινης υπόφυσης. Τα πεπτίδια CCK διέγειραν την υδρόλυση φωσφατιδυλινοσιτόλης (ΡΙ), υποδεικνύοντας ότι η σύζευξη των υποδοχέων CCK με τη φωσπολιπάση C. Η κυκλική ΑΜΡ δεν επηρεάστηκε. Επιπλέον, η δραστικότητα κασπάσης-3 αυξήθηκε σημαντικά και σημαντικά, ενώ η δραστικότητα πρωτεασώματος μειώθηκε. Συνολικά, αυτά τα αποτελέσματα μπορεί να υποδηλώνουν έναν αυτόκρινο / παρακρινικό ρόλο του CCK στον έλεγχο της ανάπτυξης και / ή της λειτουργίας των γλοιωμάτων, μηνιγγιωμάτων και όγκων της υπόφυσης. Διεξήχθη ανάλυση περιορισμού προκαλούμενη από εκκινητή (PIRA) του σπανιότερου και εναλλακτικού πολυμορφισμού στον υποδοχέα GHRH-R, στον οποίο Thr αντικαθιστά το Ala στο κωδικόνιο 57, σε όγκους υπόφυσης που εκκρίνουν ανθρώπινη GH. Ενώ η σπανιότερη μορφή συσχετίζεται με αυξημένη απόκριση των κυττάρων της υπόφυσης στην GHRH in vitro, μελέτες κατανομής αλληλομορφών αποκάλυψαν ότι είναι απίθανο ο πολυμορφισμός να συμβάλει στον αυξημένο κίνδυνο ανάπτυξης όγκων που εκκρίνουν GH και συνεπώς ακρομεγαλίας. Περαιτέρω ευρήματα αυτής της μελέτης, χρησιμοποιώντας PCR και άμεση αλληλούχιση, ήταν η επίδειξη συσχέτισης μεταξύ μεταβολών γονιδίων β-κατατενίνης και κρανιοφαρυγγιομάτων του αδαμαντιωματώδους τύπου. Δεδομένου ότι αυτό το γονιδιακό προϊόν εμπλέκεται με την ανάπτυξη, αυτά τα αποτελέσματα υποδηλώνουν ότι οι μεταλλάξεις β-κατενίνης μπορεί να συμβάλλουν στην έναρξη και στη συνέχεια ανάπτυξη συγγενών αδαμαντινοσωματικών κρανιοφαρυγγιομάτων.
Ταυτότητα και σώμα στην τέχνη του διαδικτύου
Authors: Αργυροκαστρίτη Μαρία
Published: April 2024

Το κύριο αντικείμενο της διατριβής, “Ταυτότητα και σώμα στην τέχνη του διαδικτύου: Γεφυρώνοντας το κείμενο /λόγο, με την εικόνα/σώμα. Το σώμα ως τόπος, ως χώρος, ως νόημα και ως φορέας προσδιορισμού ταυτότητας” εντάσσεται στο πλαίσιο της θεωρητικής έρευνας μέσω ανασκόπησης βιβλιογραφίας και εξέτασης παραδειγμάτων, με σκοπό μια συνολική ανάγνωσης του φαινομένου της εξέλιξης της ταυτότητας και πως αυτή σχετίζεται με το σώμα και τις εκφάνσεις του στη διαδικτυακή ζωή, μέσα από το έργο γυναικών καλλιτέχνιδων της διαδικτυακής τέχνης. Αποτελεί μια κριτική ανάλυση της επιρροής του διαδικτύου στη γυναικεία ταυτοτική εικόνα, πρόσληψη και επικοινωνία μέσω του σώματος, έτσι όπως αυτή σχολιάζεται μέσω των έργων γυναικών καλλιτέχνιδων που χρησιμοποιούν αυτό το εργαλείο. Στη διατριβή πραγματοποιείται διεξοδικά κριτική ανάλυση της χρήσης του όρου Net.art όσο και του προσδιορισμού διαδικτυακή τέχνη.
A sociocultural linguistic analysis of gender representations in original and translated audiovisual advertisements in English, German, and Greek
Authors: Βεργοπούλου Σταυρούλα
Published: April 2024

Εντός του διεπιστημονικού πλαισίου της μετάφρασης, του φύλου και της διαφήμισης, αυτή η διδακτορική διατριβή εξετάζει έμφυλες αναπαραστάσεις μυθοπλαστικών χαρακτήρων σε πρωτότυπες και μεταφρασμένες οπτικοακουστικές διαφημίσεις, έτσι ώστε να συζητηθούν διάφορες εκφάνσεις του σεξισμού σε λεκτικό ή/και μη λεκτικό επίπεδο καθώς και να διερευνηθούν τρόποι με τους οποίους οι μεταφράστριες και μεταφραστές μπορούν να μειώσουν ή μετριάσουν τον γλωσσικό σεξισμό στη μετάφραση της διαφήμισης, με στόχο να προωθήσουν τη χρήση μίας γλώσσας δίκαιης ως προς το φύλο. Η έρευνα αυτή βασίζεται στην κοινωνικοπολιτισμική γλωσσολογία και, ιδιαίτερα, σε μία κοινωνική κονστρουξιονιστική προσέγγιση των έμφυλων ταυτοτήτων. Έτσι, αυτή η μελέτη διερευνά έμφυλες αναπαραστάσεις μυθοπλαστικών χαρακτήρων των οποίων οι έμφυλες ταυτότητες δεν θεωρούνται προκαθορισμένες ή δεδομένες (ουσιοκρατική προσέγγιση) αλλά κατασκευασμένες (κοινωνική κονστρουξιονιστική προσέγγιση) μέσα από τη διάδραση της γλώσσας και των μη λεκτικών σημειωτικών στοιχείων εντός του μικροπλαισίου των οπτικοακουστικών διαφημίσεων. Η διατριβή αυτή αποτελείται από ένα θεωρητικό μέρος και ένα πρακτικό-ερευνητικό μέρος. Το θεωρητικό μέρος χωρίζεται στο Κεφάλαιο 1, το οποίο διερευνά τη σχέση/τις σχέσεις του φύλου και της διαφήμισης, και το Κεφάλαιο 2, το οποίο φέρνει στη συζήτηση τη βασική έννοια της μετάφρασης (σε σχέση με το φύλο και τη διαφήμιση). Βασισμένο σε ποιοτική ανάλυση, το πρακτικό-ερευνητικό μέρος, συγκεκριμένα το Κεφάλαιο 3, αποτελεί τον πυρήνα αυτής της μελέτης και περιλαμβάνει 10 μελέτες περίπτωσης που εξετάζουν οπτικοακουστικές διαφημίσεις από επιχειρήσεις προς καταναλώτριες και καταναλωτές (τηλεοπτικά και διαδικτυακά διαφημιστικά σποτ), από το 2010 έως το 2020, που προωθούν προϊόντα περιποίησης σώματος καθώς και τροφίμων και ποτών. Τα κείμενα-πηγή των μελετών περίπτωσης είναι στα αγγλικά ή τα γερμανικά και τα κείμενα-στόχος είναι στα αγγλικά, τα γερμανικά ή τα ελληνικά. Τα κείμενα αυτά αναλύονται ως προς τον γλωσσικό σεξισμό, ο οποίος εμφανίζεται σε γραμματικό/μορφολογικό, σημασιολογικό και πραγματολογικό επίπεδο, ή/και ως προς τον μη λεκτικό σεξισμό, ο οποίος προκύπτει κυρίως στην οπτική απεικόνιση των χαρακτήρων των διαφημιστικών σποτ.
Κατασκευές της αιτιογένεσης και της (ανα)παραγωγής της αστυνομικής βίας στο πλαίσιο συνεντεύξεων με νέους ενηλίκους
Authors: Μπουτζή Άννα Μαρία , Σταματάρος Λουκάς , Φίγγου Λία
Published: April 2024

Η παρούσα μελέτη είχε ως στόχο την ανάδειξη των τρόπων με τους οποίους κατασκευάζεται η αστυνομική βία στο λόγο νέων ενηλίκων στο ελληνικό πλαίσιο. Η εστίαση της έρευνας ήταν κυρίως στις κατασκευές της αιτιογένεσης του φαινομένου, και στην ανάδειξη των ρητορικών και μακροκοινωνικών (ιδεολογικών) συνεπειών αυτών των κατασκευών. Τα δεδομένα προήλθαν από δεκαεπτά (17) ατομικές συνεντεύξεις με νέους, οι οποίες πραγματοποιήθηκαν διαδικτυακά λόγω των περιορισμών που επιβλήθηκαν στο πλαίσιο της διαχείρισης της πανδημίας  του COVID-19. Η ανάλυση βασίστηκε στις αρχές της κριτικής λογοψυχολογίας και ανέδειξε τέσσερις κύριες επιχειρηματολογικές γραμμές τις οποίες κινητοποίησαν οι συμμετέχουσες/-οντες για να ερμηνεύσουν την αστυνομική βία: Η πρώτη επιχειρηματολογική γραμμή αφορούσε την προσωπικότητα και τις ατομικές διαφορές μεταξύ αστυνομικών, η δεύτερη εστίαζε στην αστυνομική κουλτούρα και τις διαδικασίες εκπαίδευσης, η τρίτη επικεντρωνόταν στο ρόλο της αστυνομίας ως κρατικού/συστημικού θεσμού και η τέταρτη εξέταζε το φαινόμενο ως αποτέλεσμα διομαδικής σύγκρουσης. Τα ευρήματα συζητιούνται αναφορικά με την ευθύνη της δράσης που κατασκευάζουν κάθε φορά και τη δυνητική συνεισφορά τους στην καταδίκη ή τη νομιμοποίηση και την κανονικοποίηση της αστυνομικής βίας.
Activation of Communicative Activities of Younger Schoolchildren During “The World Around Us” Lessons (Part 1)
Authors: Vinogradova Natalya
Published: April 2024

The article proposes for discussion the contribution of primary schoolchildren studying the subject “The World Around Us” to the development of their speech and verbal communication. Based on the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for Primary General Education and the Federal Educational Program for Primary General Education, the methodology for developing dialogic speech (educational dialogues, didactic games), as well as descriptions and narratives in younger schoolchildren is revealed.
Assessment of Subject Results in the Russian Language in Primary School (Part 2)
Authors: Kuznetsova Marina
Published: April 2024

The article discusses the features of the planned subject results recorded in the Federal State Educational Standard of Primary General Education 2021, the Federal Educational Program of Primary General Education 2023, the Federal Work Program for the academic subject “Russian Language” 2023. A correlation between the planned results and the most appropriate forms of their assessment. Criteria for evaluating frequently encountered forms are given, as well as examples of scoring. Particular attention is paid to assessing the achievements of students in the sections “Speech Development” and “Spelling and Punctuation”, since in terms of the number of results they are the most voluminous, and assessing the success of students in mastering the section “Speech Development” also presents additional difficulties for teachers. The approaches outlined can help teachers avoid excessive subjectivity when assessing the oral and written work of primary schoolchildren.
Mindfulness and Movement: Scientifically Exploring the Health Impacts of Yoga
Authors: Kuśmierska Martyna , Kuśmierski Jakub , Janik Izabela , Martyka Anna , Ujma Przemysław
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Yoga combines asanas (postures), pranayamas (breathing exercises), and dhyanas (meditation) to improve physical and mental well-being. It's recognized for its substantial health benefits, safety, and cost-effectiveness, leading to calls for its broader integration into healthcare for its therapeutic and preventative potential. This study aims to explore yoga's multifaceted health benefits across physical, mental, and biochemical aspects to support its integration as a holistic health practice.
Material and Methods of Research: A literature search was conducted on PubMed and Google Scholar using keywords related to yoga's health benefits to gather insights into its holistic impacts.
Results: Yoga benefits musculoskeletal health, enhancing balance, strength, and reducing fracture risks, and improves respiratory function through practices like pranayama. It positively impacts brain health, aiding in cognitive function and potentially slowing neurodegenerative decline. Yoga also offers mental health benefits, reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety, and has antioxidative effects that combat oxidative stress. Additionally, it supports endocrine function, reduces stress, and has anti-inflammatory effects that bolster immune health. Yoga's influence on metabolic health suggests its potential in managing cardiovascular risk factors and diabetes, highlighting its comprehensive health benefits.
Conclusion: This study highlights yoga's comprehensive benefits on physical, mental, and biochemical health, demonstrating its efficacy in enhancing musculoskeletal and respiratory function, combating cognitive decline, reducing mental health issues, and offering antioxidative and anti-inflammatory benefits, underscoring its value in modern holistic healthcare.
The use of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis and detection of complications of diabetes
Authors: Ziajor Seweryn , Tomasik Justyna , Sajdak Piotr , Turski Mikołaj , Bednarski Artur , Stodolak Marcel , Szydłowski Łukasz , Żurowska Klaudia , Krużel Aleksandra , Kłos Kamil , Dębik Marika
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Diabetes poses a significant global health challenge, impacting patient well-being and longevity. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, the prevalence of diabetes continues to rise, with projections indicating a substantial increase in affected individuals in the coming years. The complications of diabetes, including cardiovascular disease, retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy, underscore the importance of early detection and management. In this context, artificial intelligence (AI) offers promising opportunities to revolutionize diabetes care, enabling faster diagnostics, more effective treatment strategies.

Description of the State of Knowledge: Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in healthcare, leveraging machine learning and deep learning algorithms to analyze vast amounts of medical data. These algorithms enable more accurate diagnosis, prediction of disease onset, and early detection of complications associated with diabetes. Machine learning models, including support vector machines and neural networks, have shown promise in identifying diabetes risk factors and predicting disease progression. Deep learning techniques, with their ability to analyze complex data patterns, offer further insights into diabetes diagnosis. Additionally, fuzzy cognitive maps provide a framework for decision-making based on patient data, enhancing early detection efforts.

Summary: Artificial intelligence holds immense potential to transform diabetes care, offering solutions for early detection, personalized treatment, and improved patient outcomes. By harnessing the power of AI algorithms, healthcare providers can enhance diagnostic accuracy, predict disease progression, and implement targeted interventions.
Poland’s Breast Self-Exams: Empowering Awareness
Authors: Krużel Aleksandra , Kłos Kamil , Sajdak Piotr , Tomasik Justyna , Dębik Marika , Stodolak Marcel , Szydłowski Łukasz , Żurowska Klaudia , Ziajor Seweryn , Bednarski Artur
Published: April 2024

Introduction and purpose: Breast cancer poses a significant global health challenge, especially in Poland, where it is the most prevalent cancer among women. Despite advancements in medical technology, individual awareness and proactive health practices, such as Breast Self-Examination (BSE), are crucial for early detection. This study focuses on BSE practices in the Tarnów district of Poland, a small city facing unique healthcare challenges, to understand the prevalence, knowledge, and attitudes toward BSE. The aim of study was to comprehensively investigate BSE practices among women in the Tarnów district, considering socio-demographic factors.

Material and Methods: Anonymous questionnaires assessed socio-demographic characteristics, attitudes toward BSE, frequency of BSE performance, knowledge on BSE, and sources of information. The survey involved 100 Polish women in gynecologist and general practitioner offices in Tarnów County. Results were analyzed in relation to age, education, and place of residence.

Results: While 90% of women were familiar with BSE, 10% had never heard of it. While 29% performed BSE monthly, 18% never conducted the examination. Knowledge gaps were identified, particularly regarding optimal BSE practices. Information sources included the Internet (44%) and gynecologists (28%). Notably, 65% expressed a willingness to participate in BSE training.

Conclusions: In conclusion, the study provides valuable insights into BSE practices among women in the Tarnów district, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to encourage regular BSE. Knowledge gaps and the willingness of women to participate in training present opportunities for healthcare initiatives. The study also highlights the need for broader health education campaigns to dispel myths and enhance awareness, particularly regarding breast cancer affecting both genders. Limitations include a small sample size and geographic specificity to Tarnów district.
Speculation and praxis.
Authors: Kallio Lauri
Published: April 2024

The paper addresses the journal Jahrbücher für speculative Philosophie, published between 1846 and 1848 in Darmstadt. The paper focuses on the forewords of the journal written by the sole editor Ludwig Noack (1819–1885). In these forewords, Noack elaborates the current situation of philosophy. He outlines his vision for the future philosophy. It would be meaningful not only for professional philosophers but also for the general audience. Moreover, it would be closely associated with other sciences. Noack’s vision was inspired by August Cieszkowski’s (1814–1894) so-called “Philosophie der Tat” (the philosophy of action), which resonated with the entire generation of German Hegelians from the late 1830s. Noack realized his journal in co-operation with the “Philosophische Gesellschaft zu Berlin”, founded by Cieszkowski and Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel’s (1770–1831) former student Carl Ludwig Michelet (1801–1893) in 1843.
Philosophy of Antisthenes as Therapy in Xenophon’s Symposium
Authors: Tymura Dorota
Published: April 2024

This paper shows the philosophy of Antisthenes of Athens described in Xenophon’s Symposium as a philosophical therapy closely connected with the Socrates’ model also presented in Xenophon’s writings. Antisthenes developed the basic concepts of Socrates’ ethics, like arete, enkrateia, eleutheria and autarkia, giving them a specific radical dimension. This decisive radicalization was Antisthenes’s reaction to the then deep moral crisis which, like his master, he tried to remedy by offering the only proper medicine – philosophy. It was, above all, a practical philosophy that showed a man how to live in order to be able to call his existence, following Socrates, “a life worth living”. The philosophical thought of Antisthenes presented in Xenophon’s Symposium is a peculiar therapy of human souls, and the philosopher himself can therefore be described as a “physician of the soul” (iatros psyches). Since Antisthenes perfectly recognized the state of a special kind of intoxication deeply embedded in society and its addiction to inborn impulses and instincts, as well as attachment to irrational traditions and customs, and his treatment, with the help of philosophy, boiled down to a thorough return to rationality, rejection of excessive bodily desires, and continuous shaping of one’s own personality through work on oneself and practicing virtue.
A constructional approach to Spanish consecutive discourse markers. Experimental and corpus evidence
Authors: Cuello Ramón Carlos
Published: April 2024

This book explores the synchronic and diachronic relations between a group of Spanish consecutive markers (por tanto, por eso, por ello and por esto) and models their similarities and differences by relying on experimental and observational evidence. A usage-based construction grammar approach allows us to map the results of both methods in a constructional network with multiple horizontal and vertical links intended to conceptualize the traditional notion of paradigm in a more dynamic way. Going beyond the grammaticalization framework, procedural meaning, schematicity, compositionality, entrenchment and other constructional relevant parameters of these discourse markers are assessed on the basis of an eye-tracker and a corpus study. The book endorses the benefits of combining empirical methods and usage-based models for the synchronic and diachronic description of discourse markers and their neighboring categories.
Uso de la cédula cafetera inteligente y efectivo: caso de estudio
Authors: Granada García Eliana Fernanda , Hernández Umaña Iván Darío
Published: April 2024

A través de una investigación no experimental de campo, de nivel descriptivo, se entrevistó a profundidad a cinco cafeteros del departamento del Tolima, con la finalidad de determinar si preferían utilizar la cédula cafetera o usar efectivo en sus transacciones comerciales. Para esto, se establecieron objetivos específicos: 1) describir las características de la cédula cafetera; 2) establecer ventajas y desventajas, y las del efectivo, y 3) identificar la preferencia de los cafeteros por el uso de estos instrumentos. Se concluyó que, durante varios años, la cédula cafetera ha pasado por dos momentos clave: 1) la implementación de una banda magnética y un chip de seguridad, que luego se transformó en un instrumento financiero que maneja una cuenta de ahorros del Banco de Bogotá, lo que generó una transformación en el enfoque de la cédula cafetera a cédula cafetera inteligente, y 2) los precios bajos para las transacciones exitosas y no exitosas en cajeros de la red Aval, tarifas preferenciales en cajeros de otras redes, precio más bajo del mercado para la reposición de la tarjeta, el no cobro de la cuota de manejo, entre otros. Los cafeteros prefieren utilizar dinero en efectivo, pues lo consideran más viable. Uno de los factores que incide en esa predilección son los costos financieros asociados con el uso de los bancos. Así, parece necesario un esfuerzo por la alfabetización financiera de los usuarios para que conozcan las ventajas de la cédula cafetera.
¿Cuáles son las necesidades y preferencias financieras de los hogares cafeteros? Lecciones para la inclusión financiera rural en Colombia
Authors: Rubiano-Lizarazo María Juliana , Astudillo Rodas Ángela María
Published: April 2024

En Colombia, la inclusión financiera de poblaciones rurales todavía supone retos importantes. Los indicadores muestran que a mayor ruralidad menor es el acceso y uso de productos financieros formales. Aunque existe bastante literatura sobre las preferencias de los agentes que determinan la demanda de servicios financieros, son escasos los análisis cualitativos o mixtos sobre hogares rurales en Latinoamérica, y todavía más para el caso específico de hogares cafeteros en Colombia. Para contribuir a la literatura y al diseño de políticas orientadas a la inclusión financiera rural, este capítulo presenta un análisis acerca de las preferencias y necesidades financieras de los hogares cafeteros, considerando aspectos de accesibilidad, factores culturales y de confianza institucional. A partir de datos recopilados durante un año de trabajo de campo, a través de metodologías cualitativas y diarios financieros, se analizan las ventajas comparativas del sector informal y formal no financiero desde el punto de vista de hogares caficultores de los departamentos de Huila y Tolima. Se explica que, dada la naturaleza estacional e incierta de sus ingresos, los hogares cafeteros se enfocan principalmente en resolver necesidades de corto plazo, relegando a un segundo plano objetivos de mediano y largo plazo. Además, se argumenta que la desconfianza en el sector formal, generada por la asimetría de información y prácticas abusivas, inhibe su participación en el mercado formal. Así, los hogares prefieren entablar relaciones financieras con actores informales o formales no financieros, pues les proveen productos más líquidos, f lexibles y confiables.
BANDA CLUBE E A CULTURA
Authors: Melo Nuno
Published: April 2024

Lançado em 1967, o oitavo dos Beatles álbum não apenas transformou a música, mas desafiou as normas da indústria fonográfica: uma inédita narativa fictícia permitira a exploração de uma obra de ruptura, que transcende as fronteiras da música, desafiando concepções sobre cultura, tradição e a experiência humana na sociedade moderna.
Machine vision and artificial intelligence for plant growth stress detection and monitoring: A review
Authors: Islam Sumaiya , Reza Md Nasim , Samsuzzaman Samsuzzaman , Ahmed Shahriar , Cho Yeon Jin , Noh Dong Hee , Chung Sun-Ok , Hong Soon Jung
Published: April 2024

The agricultural sector faces increasing challenges in ensuring food security and optimizing crop yield, necessitating innovative solutions for early detection and mitigation of plant growth stress. The integration of advanced imaging technologies with artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a powerful tool for non-invasive, real-time monitoring of plant health. The objective of this paper was to review the application of machine vision and AI in identifying and classifying plant growth stress, with a focus on stressors, datasets, and the use of intelligent algorithms. The significance of plant growth stress induced by environmental variables, including temperature, light, nutrient deficiencies, and water supply were addressed and the conventional stress detection methodologies, underscores their inherent limitations, and establishes the groundwork for the exploration of state-of-the-art technologies in stress assessment. Various sensor technologies were explored, encompassing traditional RGB cameras, multispectral and hyperspectral sensors, and thermal imaging, each capable of capturing distinct stress signatures. Machine vision, leveraging high-resolution imaging and spectroscopy, offers detailed insights into plant physiological responses. Coupled with AI approaches such as deep learning, neural networks, and pattern recognition, machine vision enables the automated analysis of vast datasets, enhancing the accuracy and speed of stress detection. The recent advancements in image processing techniques tailored for plant stress identification were focused and discussed the role of feature extraction, classification, and predictive modelling in achieving robust results. The potentials of AI in plant stress physiology and its role in overcoming the limitations of traditional methods, and the use of unsupervised identification of visual symptoms to quantify stress severity, allowing for the identification of different types of plant stress were studied. Moreover, the potentials of machine vision technology and AI for real-time monitoring and decision support systems in precision agriculture were discussed. The findings of this review would contribute to the growing field of agricultural technology, offering insights into the development of automated tools that could aid farmers and researchers in mitigating the impact of abiotic stressors on crop/plant health and productivity.
Bach at the Barre : An Annotated List of Choreographies Using J. S. Bach's Violin Ciaccona (Chaconne)
Authors: Erickson Raymond
Published: April 2024

Abstract: The finale of the Violin Partita No. 2 in D Minor BWV 1004, to which Bach assigns the title "Ciaccona," has lived an independent life ever since its first important public performance in 1840. Since then it has become an iconic work (usually with the inauthentic title "Chaconne"). Moreover, Bach's Ciaccona has played an especially important role in the musical life of the United States. Both of these facts are reflected in the extraordinarily numerous choreographies—almost fifty in number and essentially all North American—employing this piece. The present article documents these works in the form of an annotated list, treating them in chronological order and providing brief descriptions of them. Additionally, there is an Appendix that orders the works alphabetically by choreographer. An introduction offers historical information about the ciaccona/chaconne tradition, how the understanding of Bach's Ciaccona changed over time, a brief précis of the history of dance in the United States in the twentieth century, and a summary of the extraordinary variety of approaches and styles represented by the choreographies.
More than Ethics: Changing Approaches to Research in Human Biology
Authors: Fuentes Agustín
Published: April 2024

Work in biological anthropology and human biology that engages with, extracts, manipulates, analyzes, and disseminates biological data from and associated with people requires serious ethical investment as central to method, theory, and practice. However, ethics is not enough. Moving beyond a call for better (or more) ethics, there is a core need for anthropological, historical, antiracist/anticolonialist method and theory in dealing with human data (existing, newly collected, and future collections). But there are structures in the academy, historical, financial, hierarchical, discriminatory, that impede sincere and effective actions to make such changes. Encouragingly, calls for structural change and some actions entailing it are under way. But individual efforts are not enough—systemic, profession-level processes need to be addressed.
Non-resonant Bragg scattering four-wave mixing at near-visible wavelengths in low-confinement silicon nitride waveguides
Authors: Jaber Nicholas , Madaras Scott , Starbuck Andrew , Pomerene Andrew , Dallo Christina , Trotter Douglas C. , Gehl Michael , Otterstrom Nils
Published: April 2024

Quantum state coherent frequency conversion processes—such as Bragg-scattering four-wave mixing (BSFWM)—hold promise as a flexible technique for networking heterogeneous and distant quantum systems. In this Letter, we demonstrate BSFWM within an extended (1.2-m) low-confinement silicon nitride waveguide and show that this system has the potential for near-unity frequency conversion in visible and near-visible wavelength ranges. Using sensitive classical heterodyne laser spectroscopy at low optical powers, we characterize the Kerr coefficient (∼1.55 W−1m−1) and linear propagation loss (∼0.0175 dB/cm) of this non-resonant waveguide system, revealing a record-high nonlinear figure of merit (NFM = γ/α ≈ 3.85 W−1) for BSFWM of near-visible light in non-resonant silicon nitride waveguides. We predict how, at high yet achievable on-chip optical powers, this NFM would yield a comparatively large frequency conversion efficiency, opening the door to near-unity flexible frequency conversion without cavity enhancement and resulting bandwidth constraints.
Synchronous time multiplexing for non-line-of-sight multiple-input multiple-output optical camera communications
Authors: Chen Shaoqi , Chi Xuefen
Published: April 2024

In typical multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) optical camera communication (OCC) systems, the spatial correlation of MIMO channels is large. Optical signals between light sources can easily interfere with each other, negatively impacting the overall transmission performance. In this work, we propose a time-multiplexing integral modulation scheme for a non-line-of-sight MIMO OCC system, where each LED transmits different signals to improve both the data rate and security of the system. A genetic algorithm (GA)-based adaptive multi-threshold scheme is designed to demodulate the blurred fringes in multi-level pulse amplitude modulation. The experimental results show that at a distance of 2.5 m, a data rate of 16.4 kb/s can reach with the BER performance of 3.01 × 10−3, which validates the superiority and reliability of our proposed schemes.