bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Face the Fear and Do it Anyway”
Authors: Johnson Andre E. , Edgar Amanda Nell
Published: October 2024

In this chapter, we explore the experiences of protesters during the protests of 2020. We asked participants how they coped with the threats of a particularly hostile police force, the increased visibility and government encouragement of white supremacist violence, and the Covid-19 pandemic. Activists described feelings of ambivalence that positioned the dangers of protesting in opposition to the dangers of not protesting. In other words, they noted that the covering forces of governmental power and explicit, violent white supremacy demanded that some risks be taken. At the same time, for those who were particularly susceptible to Covid-19, alternative ways of participating in protest took center stage. Adaptations and accommodations for those with chronic illness, underlying conditions, and/or disabilities helped set new expectations for the accessibility of protests. In the end, the experiences of protesters–who joined together in community to uplift one another and the ideals of justice–looked very different from the experiences described in mainstream and rightwing media.
“This is Live? This is Real?”
Authors: Johnson Andre E. , Edgar Amanda Nell
Published: October 2024

In this chapter, we explore the uses of social media to both disseminate information and coordinate and rally support for future protests. We spoke with participants and asked them how they participated, especially during a global pandemic. This chapter explores how social media expanded the multitude of ways participants conceptualized their participation in the BLM movement. For example, some participants saw their posting, reposting, or retweeting information regarding their form of participation. Some interviewees described going to collection points on BLM social media pages to drop off items used by the protestors. Other interviewees chose to utilize social media and explain to their close family and friends the truth about the BLM protests. While some people interviewed would use links from social media to donate money to local crowdsources like gofundme.com to help bail out of jail BLM protesters. While there were many behind-the-scenes actions taking place, there were still those participants who, despite a global pandemic, decided to be boots on the ground and peaceful march as their form of participation. This chapter will conclude by discussing the trauma caused when specific violent images such as Derek Chauvin murdering George Floyd or Philando Castillo being shot by the police. When they watch and re-watch these and other videos similar to them, the violent impact watching police brutality has on social media and its role in retraumatizing people after multiple viewings of these images.
Jazz in the Hill
Authors: Harper Colter
Published: October 2024

This book examines how jazz clubs in Pittsburgh’s Hill District created networks of patrons, entrepreneurs, and musicians whose lives and work illustrate the compelling intersections of nightlife, politics, public policy, labor organizing, and community formation. From the 1920s through the 1960s, the Hill was the center of the region’s Black political, cultural, and economic life as well as home to a vibrant nightlife scene that nurtured generations of jazz artists. Jazz nightclubs, though intimate places of entertainment, were more than backdrops for touring and local artists as they also played important roles in the music’s development, entrepreneurialism, labor organizing, and Black placemaking. By drawing together patrons from throughout the country, Hill District jazz clubs also shaped public discourse and media narratives of the neighborhood’s identity and cultural contributions. Part I focuses on Hill District “black and tan” clubs during the Prohibition Era (1920-1934) and argues that the social scenes of these venues were central to contesting public notions of the Hill as a source of “vice.” Part II centers on two historic clubs—The Crawford Grill No. 2 and The Hurricane Bar—and examines the ways public policy towards “blight” impacted the neighborhood’s development during Pittsburgh’s mid-century urban renewal projects. Part III traces the history of Local 471—Pittsburgh’s African American chapter of the American Federation of Musicians—and details the struggles of jazz musicians to preserve the integrity of their labor organizing and collectivity in the wake of the civil rights era. The book concludes with a discussion of Hill nightlife during the post-1960s period of urban crisis and the ongoing role the neighborhood’s musical legacy has in Pittsburgh’s current development projects and cultural life.
Introduction
Authors: Harper Colter
Published: October 2024

The introduction establishes the book’s aims: to demonstrate how the jazz clubs in Pittsburgh’s Hill District, as a nexus of music, politics, economy, labor, and social relations, supported the livelihood of residents and artists while developing cultures of listening and learning.
White Black Men and Black White Men
Authors: Davis-Mcelligatt Joanna
Published: October 2024

This chapter explores constructions of whiteness, blackness, and racial passing in Mat Johnson and Warren Pleece’s Incognegro through the lens of Töpfferian physiognomics. The chapter’s aim is to explore how reading race in the Other is always-already an inherently violent action. Because racial ambiguity invites misrecognition, readers of Incognegro are invited to consider reading Zane Pinchback, the light-skinned black protagonist of the comic, as either black or white at various moments. Through a consideration of how Pleece and Johnson aestheticize whiteness, blackness, and racial ambiguity, the chapter argues that Incognegro offers readers an opportunity to consider how reading race in comics is a potentially violent action bound up with the violence of (mis-)reading the racialized bodies of Others off the page. By drawing our attention to the violence inherent in reading race Johnson and Pleece both deploy and critique Töpfferian physiognomics, offering readers new ways of conceiving of making sense of race and racism in the medium.
“It’s Football, Sir. it’s Worth the Blood”
Authors: Coby Jim
Published: October 2024

Latour and Aaron’s saga resides in the fictional Craw County, Alabama, “home of Boss BBQ, the state champion Runnin’ Rebs and more bastards than you’ve ever seen.” Though fictional, the town and its people harbors an enthusiasm for high school football that borders on the maniacal, an idea that many of us who grew up in the rural South have certainly experienced. The violence taking place on the football field does not solely relate to gameplay, however, as deeply embedded within the players are prejudices, internecine grudges, and quests for redemption. This chapter imvestigates how Aaron and Latour employ their breathtaking portrayals of football and its violence as an enabling metaphor for discussing issues that continue to be of concern to the South: of place, of history, and of race. Moreover, the ways in which young men (almost exclusively white and heteronormative) willingly choose to engage in violence laden not only with historical context, but also with contemporary repercussions (and concussions) are considered.
Radical Empathy in March
Authors: Milne Leah
Published: October 2024

Focusing on John Lewis’s graphic memoir trilogy, March, this article examines the books in terms of their visual engagement with violence and empathy. Specifically, Lewis was a major proponent of practicing non-violence even in the face of the discrimination and relentless assault that he and others faced during the Civil Rights movement, and the visual elements in the graphic novels speak to the challenges and limits that this non-violence has for those suffering from racial oppression. Published between 2013 and 2016, the three books of the March trilogy cover Lewis’s coming-of-age, including his upbringing in rural Alabama, his early encounters with nonviolent resistance and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), and his work with Martin Luther King Jr. to secure voting rights for African Americans, including the Selma to Montgomery marches in 1965 and what became known as “Bloody Sunday.” Similarity bias, or the inclination to prefer and be more empathetic towards those who look like you, has a particular resonance in graphic novels and in Lewis’s trilogy in particular, whose artistic style—crafted by artist Nate Powell—aims for near photo realism. March deliberately confronts readers about this bias through sprawling black-and-white images that often travel beyond the comic’s panels. In this and other ways, this chapter focuses on the ways that March challenges readers’ understanding of empathy and its limitations in the face of violence.
Beyond Men of Steel
Authors: Ndalianis Angela
Published: October 2024

This chapter introduces the book’s three thematic sections, highlighting the superhero archetype as it exists outside of conventional white male identities, the comic book medium, and its traditional home in the United States. Unpacking Into the Spider-Verse’s sentiment that “anyone can wear the mask,” the introduction asks how critical and cultural imaginings of the superhero have made this a necessary declaration. Analogizing the superhero with André Bazin’s treatise on the Western as the American film genre par excellence, this introduction sets out a similar mythologization of the superhero’s “dimensions of imagination” within narrow categories that our understanding must move beyond. In contextualizing the assumed defaults of the superhero, the introduction provides a conspectus which foregrounds the contributions of the collection’s chapters in their exploration of how the transcultural, transmedia, and transhistorical operations of the superhero rupture these defaults and recalibrate how superheroes are imagined and understood.
Capes, Tights, and Motherships
Authors: McGarry Cormac
Published: October 2024

Superheroes have become an extremely profitable form of intellectual property. This has prompted observers, such as Ben Metcalf and Stephen Fritz, to suggest that they have supplanted Hollywood’s traditional use of star power as the pre-sold capital that gets movies made and draws in large audiences. This chapter interrogates this claim by examining how superheroes, as intellectual property, function as a parallel of the traditional Hollywood star system and enable a range of new transmedia strategies that leverage the superhero’s ability to have multiple iterations simultaneously available. In contrast to the monopoly value which powered the Hollywood star system, the superhero star system could be seen to be powered by Gerard Genette’s concept of the threshold. Taking the youth-focused Marvel Rising franchise as case study, the chapter analyses how a hierarchy of transmedia systems operate to cultivate pre-sold interest in key demographics, providing multiple consumer entry-points and potential thresholds for lesser-known or marginal superhero characters to become the next drivers of the mothership.
Introduction
Authors: Segall Kimberly Wedeven
Published: October 2024

What problems emerge when protest enters the digital world? This introduction explores how U.S. Muslim women have been using digital circuits and digital icons, following their innovative strategies of “digital superheroism,” which revise racialized scripts. Defining key concepts, this introduction analyzes how these online icons of superheroes and superstars and grassroots activists challenge narratives of colonial feminism and mainstream values. Resistance tactics are also considered, for how do these super-icons reflect inter-racial solidarities and radical feminisms? Mapping the tensions that emerge when public protest becomes a digital trail, this introduction considers the problems and potential of digital reproduction and reception of these solidarity icons.
Ms. Marvel’s Resistance Icon
Authors: Segall Kimberly Wedeven
Published: October 2024

What problems emerge when protest enters the digital world? In this book, each chapter shows tensions that U.S. Muslim women activists face as their superhero and superstar icons—as protest figures—shift into video games and other forms of digitalization. This chapter compares the origin story of Ms. Marvel or Kamala Khan, created by Sana Amanat and G. Willow Wilson, as a protest figure, considering how this icon mimics the flexed muscle of Rosie the Riveter even while responding to her own historical events with a raised fist of a political collectivity. Rooted in U.S. Muslim inheritances and grounded in interracial protest, this superhero embodies heteroglossic resistance. But when Marvel builds a video game featuring Khan, this corporate game world has no room for this resistance figure with her concern for immigration rights and complex histories of her Muslim community.
Digital Revolts and Riveters
Authors: Segall Kimberly Wedeven
Published: October 2024

What problems emerge when protest enters the digital world? And how are activists using online icons as part of queering this discourse? As certain sexualities are set in imaginary locations—entrapping U.S. Muslim rap stars and digital activists—these fetishizations have been used to justify the exceptionalism and militarization of the United States. When Mona Haydar and Blair Imani, using videos on YouTube, post on Instagram and invent their rap and riveter icons, they’re re-scripting sexual identities. There’s more push back, too, especially for Imani, who identifies as “Black. Bisexual. Muslim.” Navigating with her own icon, not of Rosie the Riveter, but her own “Blairsie” the Riveter, she advocates LGBTQ+ queer activism. Suggesting the pressures and potential of digital activism, this chapter analyzes these rapping and riveter icons in videos and in social media, as a means of decolonizing gender, race, and sexualities.
Conclusion
Authors: Segall Kimberly Wedeven
Published: October 2024

Why are so many U.S. Muslim women activists using digital icons, such as superheroes, and what are the public and counter-public responses? In this digital age, the battle over who is in public space and who is recognized is evident in these racial icons, for superheroes are sites of identity. And one of the most forgotten periods of racial injustice, symbolized by its white superheroes, is the postwar era of the Second World War. Tracing digital sites of superhero images by Ilhan Omar, Instagram @Muslimgirl, and Fairey Shepherd’s poster of a Muslim woman veiled in a U.S. flag, this chapter considers various tensions in shifting public protest into digitalization. How are superhero icons part of online sites of contestation? This conclusion documents death threats as well as digital solidarities, where these activists fight back.
Pushing the Boundaries of Representation
Authors: Donahue James J.
Published: October 2024

This chapter focuses on two artists who produce experimental comics and graphic novels: Michael Nicoll Yahgulanaas and eelonqa k. harris. Working with different formal techniques, aesthetic principles, and political issues, these two artists craft experimental narratives whose purpose is twofold: first, to push the boundaries of graphic narrative form; second, to address social and political problems generated by settler-colonialism. In their various ways, these two authors further their efforts by highlighting the importance of establishing, supporting, and maintaining community, in its various forms.
But Wait, Isn’t There More?
Authors: Donahue James J.
Published: October 2024

There is still much to discuss in the world of Indigenous comics and literature, which the coda explores—more works, more artists, and more scholarship.
Be Careful with Me
Authors: Swanson Kemeshia Randle
Published: October 2024

Through a critical analysis of Alice Walker’s The Color Purple (1982) and Sapphire’s PUSH (1996) (along with an examination of their film counterparts), this chapter suggests that a sensual education is equally important to the overall well-being of African American women and girls as a conventional education. Furthermore, this chapter centralizes the fact that the novel’s protagonists are defined not by their trauma but by their sexual (r)evolutions because by the novels’ ends, the protagonists are attached to communities of women that possess and help the characters develop necessary tools for freedom (namely self-identification, self-sexualization, and self-actualization). Roxane Gay’s memoir, Hunger: A Memoir of (My) Body (2017), is analyzed to further demonstrate the importance and interconnectedness of sisterhood, sexuality, and progression.
Conclusion
Authors: Swanson Kemeshia Randle
Published: October 2024

The book’s conclusion reflects upon the importance of this work to the fields of Black feminist theory and literary and cultural studies, reasserts the central argument, and offers suggestions for further research, staging a reimagining of a Black feminist theory that more seriously engages everyday people and popular culture productions. It ends with a rumination on the magic that Black women have produced in a country that has never favored it and uses this display of resilience as hope for a future where pleasure and safety for all is the new standard.
Introduction
Authors: Meyers John Paul
Published: October 2024

This section introduces the book’s main idea of “historical consciousness in popular music.” This book shows how this under-appreciated aspect of popular music culture is present in many different scenes and provides a corrective to dominant ideas in popular music scholarship that youth, novelty, and newness are the main defining features of this music. Historical consciousness is an interest in the past that is expressed through attendance at popular music museums, the release of commemorative books, films, and box sets, the proliferation of tribute bands both in the United States and abroad, and the continuing influence of Black popular music from the 1970s on contemporary artists. As scholars and listeners, we need to adjust our views of popular music culture to take account for these phenomena; perhaps these acts of retrospection themselves constitute a new norm, a new state of affairs for the production and consumption of popular music.
Memories and Standards
Authors: Meyers John Paul
Published: October 2024

This chapter examines Miles Davis’s studio and live repertoire from 1963 until 1970, particularly his performances of the 1944 Great American Songbook ballad “I Fall in Love Too Easily.” The chapter shows that “I Fall in Love Too Easily” served as a durable vehicle for Davis’s musical goals throughout the mid-1960s. By 1970, however, these goals seem to have shifted as Davis moved, step by step, away from the time-tested model of jazz performance based on improvisation on a familiar, pre-existing tune or structure: such as a standard from the Great American Songbook. Hence, “I Fall in Love Too Easily,” and all other jazz standards were dropped from the band’s book as Davis pursued other means of performing which did not depend on—and help to perpetuate—a relationship between his audience and music from the past.
Old School
Authors: Meyers John Paul
Published: October 2024

One important sonic aspect of hip-hop from its beginnings has not changed: sounds from soul, funk, and R&B records from the 1960s and 1970s have remained a key building block in hip-hop. This chapter aims to understand how and why, considering three main factors: (1) signifyin(g), the influential theory of creative re-use and appropriation advanced by Henry Louis Gates, Jr.; (2) family influence, the under-acknowledged fact that many contemporary hip-hop musicians began their crate-digging in their mother’s or father’s record collections; (3) the place of the 1970s in the African American imagination as a motivating factor for the continued re-use of recordings from this time in hip-hop. Sampling, re-playing, and re-using music from the 1970s in hip-hop provides another important example of “historical consciousness in popular music,” perhaps the most important, since it concerns the genre which is arguably the most globally influential musical movement of the past 40 years.
“I Just Wanna Go Back, Baby, Back to the Way It Was”
Authors: Meyers John Paul
Published: October 2024

This chapter analyzes Black popular music artists that invoke music from the 1970s in their recordings, videos, and live performances without directly sampling this music, including Robin Thicke, Pharrell Williams, Prince, Janelle Monáe, D’Angelo, Beyoncé, Bruno Mars, and Kendrick Lamar. Perhaps R&B and hip-hop musicians who do not directly sample prior recordings are not as able to directly incorporate the past into their contemporary work as those who do make use of sampling technology, but as this chapter shows, they have found other ways to invoke and find meaning in the past in their songs and live performances. This has been a key aspect of some of the most critically and commercially successful popular music of the past 20 years, even among those musicians who are otherwise viewed as “ground-breaking,” “revolutionary,” or “radical,” in line with popular music’s usual ideology of newness.
Introduction
Authors: Kidd Kenneth B. , Mason Derritt
Published: October 2024

The introduction outlines the themes, emphases, and strategies of Alt Kid-Lit as a collection and intellectual project within and beyond children’s literature studies as it’s now understood and practiced. A brief history of “alt” is given, followed by discussion of the term’s usefulness as well as risks - the principal one being that “alt” reinforces the idea that something else must be normal or regular. The introduction then outlines the organization of the volume into three provisional sections: alt-genre, alt-medium, and alt-epistemology. Chapter summaries follow.
Singing a “Sea Island Song”
Authors: Capshaw Katharine
Published: October 2024

The essay analyzes Alice Childress’s play for young people, Sea Island Song (1977), in order to argue against a use of “alternative” in framing African American children’s literature, since “alternative” categorically replicates structures that have traditionally sidelined Black children’s literature. The text itself resists the idea of Black history and culture as “alternative,” since Childress makes central the folkways of the Gullah people; Childress re-animates the past, insisting on the centrality and continuance of history through embodied performance, and advances community and connection, concepts central to the Black Arts Movement. The essay posits that in studying Black children’s theater, a form nearly completely excised from literary history, we can resist the idea of Black children’s literature as secondary or othered in any formations of literary or cultural value.
Snanger Danger
Authors: Allen Amanda K.
Published: October 2024

This chapter works with the notion of child-adult kinship in an analysis of a strain of Harry Potter fanfiction known as Severus Snape/Hermione Granger (SS/HG), proposing that in fanfiction young people speak in tandem with as much as against adults. Drawing on Gubar’s kinship model of CYA and on James Paul Gee’s notion of “affinity spaces,” meaning spaces—often virtual—organized around a shared passion or concern, this chapter illustrates how young people work collaboratively across categories of age and other identity markers to create meaning. Through a case study of a novel-length SS/HG fic, which ran from 2000 to 2010, as one such affinity space, and one thematizing child-adult collaboration, this essay goes on to propose a theory of CYA based not around age distinctions or even texts and genres but rather “shared passion.”
Video Games and Young People’s Digital Cultures
Authors: Alexander Kristopher , Dahya Negin , Russworm TreaAndrea M. , Burwell Catherine , Mason Derritt
Published: October 2024

This conversation features interdisciplinary scholars Kristopher Alexander, Negin Dahya, and TreaAndrea Russworm. Russworm outlines her work with “Radical Play,” a “civic and community engagement program” that she developed for high school students. Dahya describes a study that saw her working with youth in juvenile rehabilitation in order to co-design concept art for a virtual reality (VR) program. Her team’s research, Dahya explains, was influenced by carceral logic, the role of VR technology, and the institutional regulations that govern research and collaboration with young people. Alexander invites us to consider the pedagogical potential of games and digital technology when teaching and learning with students of all ages. The discussion that follows explores the relationship between academic disciplines, institutional barriers, and video game studies; the ethics and challenges of participatory research with youth; and the stakes of “gamifying” difficult topics including slavery, colonialism, and genocide.
“We’re Americans Too!”
Authors: Halko Gabrielle Atwood
Published: October 2024

Picture books about difficult subjects often face limitations on content, presentation, and reader relation. This chapter demonstrates the tensions at work in nine picture books about Japanese American internment during WWII. While these books successfully depict the travesties of internment and interrupt the often self-congratulatory story of WWII America, they also stop short of criticizing the xenophobia and exceptionalism of the period and representations of such. The chapter reflects on how these books both participate in more traditionally patriotic versions of American citizenship and push back against such, even sometimes encourage alternative understandings of citizenship.
Reimagining the “Alternative”
Authors: Law-Montes Erica , Rivera Cristina
Published: October 2024

Speculative fiction has historically privileged White childhood and only recently been taken up by BIPOC authors seeking to decenter Whiteness and give expression to the histories of racism, colonialism, and exile. Through readings of The Marrow Thieves (2017) and Mañanaland (2020), this chapter shows how contemporary speculative fiction by non-White authors grapples with those histories, offering a grim but necessary picture of social realities even as they imagine alternative ways of being and living in the world, making use of non-standard language practices, among other strategies. The chapter draws upon Ebony Elizabeth Thomas’s account of the “dark fantastic” cycle as well as Mandy Suhr-Sytsma’s scholarship on Indigenous YA fiction.
It Comes from Inside
Authors: Rocha Lauren
Published: October 2024

The introduction provides the theoretical foundation for the book, drawing on works from Carol J. Clover, Barbara Creed, Julia Kristeva, and more. It introduces the films that will be analyzed in the book: Rosemary’s Baby, The Exorcist, The Amityville Horror, Insidious and Insidious: Chapter 2, The Conjuring and The Conjuring 2, The Babadook, The Witch, and Hereditary. It overviews how the book is organized and the central discussion of each chapter, grouping the chapters according to thematic patterns in relation to issues concerning women and possession. The introduction states the central premise of the book, which explores the ways in which possession impacts women’s bodies and identities. It highlights the importance of the relationships between women, families, and the domestic to the interconnectedness of motherhood and possession.
Possessed by Pregnancy
Authors: Rocha Lauren
Published: October 2024

This chapter explores the film Rosemary’s Baby and the ways in which Rosemary becomes consumed by her pregnancy while being controlled by those around her. It argues that Rosemary and her suffering are emblematic of very real-life concerns pregnant women had at the time, such as the uncertainty of knowing the fetus’s health. It illustrates the intersections of consumerism, patriarchy, and women’s bodies to argue that a woman’s reproductive agency is shown as more valued than her individual self; therefore, she is never seen as her own person but rather an extension of her husband, her child, and society. It demonstrates how Rosemary’s desire to be a mother is used to manipulate and control her so that she is only valued for her maternal role. It shows the power and strength of women fearing patriarchal institutions within marriage and the medical field because of the consequences they could have.
Puberty as Hell
Authors: Rocha Lauren
Published: October 2024

The second chapter analyzes how the possession in The Exorcist contests the mother/daughter relationship between Chris and Regan. Chris is a divorced, single mother who has a successful acting career; consequentially, she is not able to spend as much time with her daughter. Regan’s possession emphasizes her desire for a father figure, rejection of the mother, and her growing adolescence. The chapter continues the discussion of patriarchy in the medical field through the friction between Chris’ struggle to help her daughter and the male dominated medical field dismissing and devaluing her concerns. The film depicts the struggle between idealistic attitudes regarding motherhood and girlhood and the tortured, penalizing realities. It argues that Regan becomes possessed because of her mother and that the changes her body undergo as a result of the possession both reflect and punish her adolescent body. As such, the film depicts possession as one that is curable only through the return of the father figure and restoration of the nuclear paradigm.
The Devil’s Promise
Authors: Rocha Lauren
Published: October 2024

Robert Eggers’s film The Witch is highlighted in this chapter to show how the film’s portrayal of early New England witchcraft reveals real-life historical anxieties surrounding women, witchcraft, and Puritanical, patriarchal rule. The chapter explores the film through a historical lens to demonstrate how the characters accurately depict these concerns. The characters most focused on are eldest daughter Thomasin, mother Katherine, and father William. The chapter argues that Thomasin and Katherine’s failure to adhere to early New England social norms connects with William’s inability to provide for his family, who is thus unable to fulfill the masculine role. It is this vulnerability within the family that opens them up to witchcraft and allows Thomasin to become a witch in the end.
Analysis of Perceptions on the Establishment Directions of Local Education Studies Centered on the Jeju Area
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Lee In-hoi , Son Myong-Cheol , Heo Nam-Choon , Kim Min-Ho , Kim Hyang-Ran , Park Dong-pill
Published: October 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the establishment directions of Local Education Studies (LES) based on Jeju area.
Methods: To do so, the study employed a survey with teachers, parents and students, and total 852 persons participated.The survey was conducted from Sept.11th to Spet. 22nd in 2023.
Results: The major conclusions are as follows: First, all the three educational subjects showed their expectation and interest in the establishment of LES, and supported it highly. Second, the support for doing properly ‘Jeju Understand Education’ and making power for future of the community with LES were perceived by all the three educational subjects as the establishment directions of LES. Third, teachers amongst all the three subjects highly perceived that LES should become a praxis oriented study and acquire the support from schools in establishing LES, which would be the crucial tasks.
Conclusion: The study implies that it is necessary to consider theory-oriented along with practice-oriented, cooperation with school cite, and the reconsideration of uniqueness and generality as the establishment directions of LES.
Afterword
Authors:   University of the Western Cape, Bock Zannie , du Toit Marijke
Published: October 2024

This Special Issue uses the African concept of ukuzilanda to reflect on the authors’ experiences of ‘becoming an academic’ at UWC. Central to this experience is the writing retreat, in particular one held inMay 2022, during which the authors engaged in a reflective writing session, which gave impetus to this volume.
OoNomfundo: a teacher raised by teachers
Authors: Jonas Khanyiso
Published: October 2024

Background: The inspiration for this reflection piece originates from dialoguesn shared with colleagues over mealtimes at the 2022 Learning and Teaching Arts Faculty Writing Retreat for early career researchers and academics. As an early career academic, researcher and relatively newly appointed member of the Linguistics Department at the University of the Western Cape at the time of the retreat, it was these moments that allowed me to find my feet in what was initially a daunting experience. Through the conversations, laughter and sometimes tears, we began to share pieces of ourselves - from the commonality of our present daily personal lives right to our lived experiences and histories.
Back cover
Authors:   University of the Western Cape, Williams Quentin
Published: October 2024

Back cover
Big data in the food supply chain
Authors:   University of the Western Cape, Jokonya Osden
Published: October 2024

The fourth industrial revolution has redesigned the future of food production and transformed the food supply chain. This advancement and evolution of digitalisation has enabled organisations to modify business models and processes resulting in new and increased revenue and enhanced value-offering opportunities. This has meaningfully altered and advanced the adoption of big data technologies in organisations. OSDEN JOKONYA argues that the adoption of big data in the food supply chain is important to African food systems and analyses the factors that affect its adoption.
Scholars and Literati at the University of Siena (1246–1800)
Authors: Manfredini Filippo , Vitale Mara
Published: October 2024

This note is a summary description of the set of scholars and literati who taught at the University of Siena from its inception in 1246 to 1800.
Barriers to Adherence to Treatment Regimen among Adolescents with Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors:   Al-Balqa' Applied University, Irbid, Jordan., Omar Malkawi Samar , Mahmoud Akhu-Zaheya Laila , Mohammad Atiyeh Huda
Published: October 2024

Background: Type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is one of the most widespread chronic endocrine diseases among children and adolescents globally. Many barriers contribute to the challenge of adherence to treatment regimens among adolescents with T1DM. Purpose: This study explores the barriers that influence adherence to treatment regimens among adolescents with T1DM. Methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive, and exploratory designs were utilized. Convenience sampling was used to recruit 76 adolescents with T1DM from three hospitals in Jordan who were asked to complete the T1DM Parents' and Adolescents' Knowledge Questionnaire- related barriers section (T1DM-PAKQ). Results: Multiple regression revealed that six out of 12 factors significantly explained about 32% of the model. Barriers that significantly affect adherence to the treatment regimens among adolescents with T1DM include: psychological support (β= 0.998, t= 21.218, p<0.001), the cost of reaching the hospital (β= 0.961, t= 13.810, p <0.001), time available to communicate with the physician (β = 0.981, t= 16.524, p <0.001), overcrowding of the outpatient clinic (β = 0.921, t= 11.269, p <0.001), the hospital is far from home (β = 0.885, t= 10.221, p <0.001), sick leave from my school or workplace (β = 0.880, t= 9.939, p <0.001). Conclusion: For individuals with T1DM, adherence to a treatment regimen is crucial for managing the condition effectively and maintaining overall health. The findings from the present study suggest that adolescents' adherence to treatment regimens is influenced by barriers that could be managed. Implications for Nursing: Nurses in different positions should support adolescents with T1DM and assist them in adherence to treatment regimens.
La enseñanza de administración de la empresa a través de videojuegos
Authors: Robina Ramírez Rafael
Published: October 2024

El libro "La enseñanza de administración de la empresa a través de vi­deojuegos" utiliza los videojuegos como herramienta pedagógica para enseñar conceptos clave de administración empresarial. A través de un enfoque interactivo, abarca temas como la evolución de la administración, analizando las escuelas de pensamiento administrativo y los avances desde la revolución industrial hasta la era digital. También explora la cultura organizacional, subrayando la influencia de valores y creencias en la innova­ción y productividad. En cuanto a la estrategia organizacional, se presentan técnicas para competir en el mercado, identificar oportunidades y formular planes estratégicos. Además, el diseño organizacional se aborda en dos par­tes= la primera analiza la ética empresarial, la responsabilidad social corpo­rativa y los códigos de conducta como elementos esenciales para la gestión ética. La segunda parte se enfoca en la estructura organizativa, evaluando la formalización del comportamiento, la complejidad y la departamentalización. Finalmente, se estudia el cambio organizacional, incluyendo las fuerzas que impulsan y resisten el cambio, así como las etapas necesarias para implemen­tar transformaciones efectivas en las empresas.
Portfolio jako součást státní závěrečné zkoušky v programu Učitelství pro mateřské školy
Authors: Syslová Zora , Rodová Veronika
Published: October 2024

The aim of the study is to provide a picture of the involvement of the portfolio in the state final examination in the degree program Pre-primary teacher training at the Faculty of Education of Masaryk University. One of the pillars of the study program is the concept of reflective preparatory education, which includes the current form of the state final examination in which students demonstrate their professional competence. The portfolio is a tool that enables the construction of self-knowledge and serves as evidence of professional preparedness in theory and practice. A content analysis of twenty portfolios led to the development of a typology of portfolios. Together with the questionnaire survey, it allowed to understand the role of the portfolio in the state final examination. The results show that the portfolio is perceived as a support in a psychologically challenging situation and its processing affects performance in the state final exam with regard to the ability to link theory with practice. The findings pointed to the necessity of looking for further ways to implement portfolio support activities throughout the study.
A study on the potential of endophytic bacteria to promote plant growth: uses in agriculture and future directions
Authors: Das Debajani , Das Sandeep
Published: October 2024

The escalating demand for chemical-free fertilizers in agriculture stems from the adverse impacts associated with chemical fertilizers on both human and animal health, as well as environmental pollution. To address this concern, plant-based microorganisms emerge as a promising solution for the development of environmentally sustainable biofertilizers. Among these microorganisms, endophytic bacteria, residing within plant tissues without causing harm to the host plant, exhibit exceptional attributes conducive to plant growth promotion. Notably, these bacteria demonstrate the production of phytohormones, ammonia, phosphate solubilization, and nitrogen fixation capabilities. Additionally, endophytic bacteria showcase the synthesis of hydrolytic enzymes, the production of siderophores, and antimicrobial activity against pathogens. Such characteristics contribute significantly to the robust growth and development of host plants, fostering tolerance to environmental stresses. This manuscript aims to comprehensively review the plant growth promotion activities of endophytic bacteria, elucidating their diversity and isolation from various plants. Furthermore, it explores the potential future directions in this burgeoning field of research, envisioning the development of endophytic bacterial strains capable of replacing traditional chemical fertilizers. Future research endeavors hold the promise of uncovering novel and effective endophytic bacterial strains, heralding a sustainable paradigm shift in the realm of agricultural fertilization.
Enhancing the insecticidal efficacy of Allium sativum extracts through microencapsulation via complex coacervation
Authors: Michel Mariela R. , Aguilar-Zárate Mayra , Perales-Rosas Daniel , Martínez-Ávila Guillermo Cristian G. , Gómez-García Ricardo , Tafolla-Arellano Julio César , Rojas Romeo , Aguilar-Zarate Pedro
Published: October 2024

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) has been widely studied for its insecticidal properties. The primary bioactive molecule in garlic extracts include allicin, alliin, S-allylcysteine, diallyl disulfide, diallyl trisulfide, diallyl sulfide and ajoene. However, these compounds degrade under environmental conditions once extracted. This study aimed to enhance the effectiveness of garlic extracts in controlling Tenebrio molitor by optimizing microencapsulation techniques. The garlic extracts were encapsulated using the complex coacervation method, with independent variables including pH levels (3, 6 and 9), whey protein isolate (WPI) (4 %, 6 % and 8 % w/v) and pectin (0.50 %, 0.75 % and 1.00 % w/v). A Taguchi L9 (33) orthogonal array was employed to design 9 treatments, and T. molitor mortality was assessed 72 h after a 10 sec immersion of the insects in the treatments. Statistical analysis revealed that WPI had the most significant influence (24.52 %), followed by pH (18.82 %) and pectin (7.79 %). The interaction between pH and pectin had the greatest effect on the encapsulation process, accounting for 38.65 % of the influence. The optimal microencapsulation conditions were predicted by software to be pH 3, a pectin concentration of 0.75 % w/v and a WPI concentration of 4.00 % w/v, resulting in a signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio of 42.30. Experimental validation of these conditions produced an S/N ratio of 18.54, corresponding to a T. molitor mortality rate of 92 % ± 4.47 %. The resulting microcapsules had diameters ranging from 1–5 ?m. Complex coacervation is a highly promising method for microencapsulating garlic extracts and preserving their insecticidal properties.
Identification of false smut – resistant donors in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) and analysis of their morpho-molecular diversity for resistance breeding
Authors: Mangudi Sowmiya  , Swaminathan Manonmani  , Nallamuthu Ramya Selvi  , Ramasamy Saraswathi  , Ramalingam Suresh  , Chellappan Gopalakrishnan  , Muthurajan Raveendran  , Palanisamy Dhamotharan
Published: October 2024

False smut disease of rice caused by the pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens is a growing threat to the rice farmers as it affects both quality and quantity. Development of resistant variety becomes difficult, since very few resistant donors were available for false smut resistant breeding programme. Therefore, to identify potential donors for resistance breeding a total of 60 genotypes were screened at hotspot location (Gudalur) during kharif 2023 which led to identification of 12 highly resistant genotypes and the notable ones are Koolavalai, Periya chandikar, Kapikar selection and Earapalli. Genetic variability studies indicated the presence of additive gene action for all the agronomic and disease related traits. Principal component analysis revealed the first 5 principal components collectively contributing 78.79 % of the total variance with disease-related traits contributing significantly to divergence. Ten clusters were delineated using Mahalanobis D2 statistics with clusters IX and V showing higher inter cluster distance (3453.64). Forty-one polymorphic markers were used to analyse the genotypes and The Unweighted Pair Group method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) clustering by Jaccard distance formed 6 clusters. The Bayesian clustering classified the entire population into 2 subpopulations. False smut linked marker RM336 and RM218 were found to be the most informative marker with high Polymorphism Information Content (0.71, 0.69) and Heterozygosity Index (0.76, 0.73). The resistant genotypes such as IG71, Thulasi vasanai sambha, Arupatham vellai, Kaltikar and Chinna aduku nel can be used in the future breeding programmes to develop the resistant cultivar and to identify the candidate genes governing resistance.
(Post)War Trials of Nazi Perpetrators and Their Auxiliaries in the Soviet Union: History and Ongoing Debates
Authors: Makhalova Irina , Rebrova Irina
Published: October 2024

The article briefly outlines the current state of scholarly literature devoted to ongoing debates on the history and role of war- and postwar open and closed trials of Nazi perpetrators and their auxiliaries in the Soviet Union. Having become partly available for historians more than two decades ago, these trials proceedings constitute a unique source for analyzing various aspects of the Second World War on the Eastern front, including the Holocaust. This article describes the legal basis for prosecuting Nazi criminals (in the 1940s) and Soviet collaborators (mainly from the 1940s until the 1970s) and summarizes ongoing debates concerning the nature and peculiarities of both closed and open Soviet war crimes trials with an outline of the main topics for further research.
From aspect to information structure: Non-aspectual functions of change of state markers in Austronesian and beyond
Authors: Mazzitelli Lidia Federica
Published: October 2024

This paper discusses a phenomenon that has so far received little attention in previous literature: the presence, in several languages from different branches of the Austronesian family, of polyfunctional markers, which combine an aspectual meaning of change of state with information and discourse structuring functions. In this study, based on a comparative analysis of fifty-two Austronesian languages, I show that polyfunctional change of state markers are distributed throughout the entire family, crosscutting the major typological and geographical divide between Western and Eastern Austronesian. I argue that the development of information and discourse structuring functions of change of state markers derives from applying the notions of current relevance and transition to new situation not to eventualities, but to elements of propositions, and I also suggest that this process may be universally valid and could explain the similar development of change of state markers into information and discourse structuring devices attested in non-Austronesian languages.
New perspectives on morphosyntactic variation in African youth language practices
Authors: Gibson Hannah , Hollington Andrea , Nassenstein Nico , Reilly Colin
Published: October 2024

Recent years have seen an increase in scholarly attention paid to youth language practices in Africa, with studies examining a range of linguistic phenomena. A parallel development has seen the emergence of work studying morphosyntactic microvariation in Bantu languages, with a view to better understanding structural variation in closely related languages or varieties. This special collection brings together those working in the fields of youth language practices and morphosyntactic variation in Bantu, with a view to exploring the synergies in these areas, as well as moving this domain of inquiry forward. The contributions are united by the authors’ commitment to addressing specific morphosyntactic phenomena which may have otherwise gone unnoticed, or which are less documented in the existing literature – in particular, in the scholarship on the respective base language or dominant language. We hope that the collection of papers both contributes to this body of work and inspires others to take up some of these issues in future research.