bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study of Store Image, Patronage Intention, and Retail Mix Elements between Alfamart and Indomaret in Jakarta
Authors: Muchardie Brian Garda , Yosa Ferdian , Gunawan Annetta
Published: October 2017

This research is initiated by the phenomenon of competitive rivalry between the two giant convenience stores (Alfamart and Indomaret) in Indonesia. Alfamart must strive to improve the patronage intention of its customers so that they do not switch to its main competitor, Indomaret. The purpose of the research was to compare patronage intention and store image between Alfamart and Indomaret. Additionally, this research clarified the influence of the components in the retail mix, which were in-store promotion, store atmosphere, convenience, and merchandise between Alfamart and Indomaret in the formation of store image and its impact on patronage intention. The research methods were independent t-test and path analysis. Independent t-test aimed to find differences that occurred between Alfamart and Indomaret especially the differences in the components of the retail mix, store image, and patronage intention. Meanwhile, path analysis was to determine the effect of the retailmix to store image and patronage intention. After processing the data, it is shown that both variables which are the components of the retail mix, store image, and patronage intention are surpassed by Alfamart. In Alfamart, thereare significant influences of in-store promotion, convenience, and merchandise to the store image and patronage intention. Similarly, in-store promotion, merchandise, and store image have direct influence on patronage intention.Meanwhile, for Indomaret, there is the influence of the in-store promotion, convenience, and merchandise to store image and patronage intention with conditions that store atmosphere and store image have a direct influence onthe patronage intention.
Capital Flight and the Economic Growth: Evidence from Nigeria
Authors: Lawal Adedoyin I. , Kazi Kelechi Promise , Adeoti Johnson Olabode , Osuma Osagie Godswill , Akinmulegun Sunday O. , Ilo Bamidele
Published: October 2017

This research examined the impact of capital flight and its determinants on the Nigerian economy using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to analyze data source from the period of 1981 to 2015. The variables included current account balance, capital flight, foreign direct investments, foreign reserve, inflation rate, external debt, and the real gross domestic product. It was to examine the existence of a long run relationship among the variables studied. The result indicates that capital flight has a negative impact on the economic growth of Nigeria. Therefore, there is a need for government to implement policies that will promote domestic investment and discourage capital flight from Nigeria.
Risk Management Method In It Project: A Review
Authors: Faahakhododo Ikhtiar , Rianto Indra Dwi
Published: October 2017

In the development of a software, there are several aspects that must be taken to ensure that the process can produce a useful product and make a profit. This article clarified some of the methods of risk management exist. There was two techniques to determine the risks used in this study, those were Metrics of Process Structure and Referential Model or could be referred as the Comparison to the Referential Model technique. That technique will produce Software Process Meta Model, Model of Risk Management, and Manage Risks in Project models. Those models were used to help managers in mapping the risks of the project.
Analysis and Design of Web-Based Database Application for Culinary Community
Authors: Huda Choirul , Awang Osel Dharmawan , Raymond Raymond , Raynaldi Raynaldi
Published: October 2017

This research is based on the rapid development of the culinary and information technology. The difficulties in communicating with the culinary expert and on recipe documentation make a proper support for media very important. Therefore, a web-based database application for the public is important to help the culinary community in communication, searching and recipe management. The aim of the research was to design a web-based database application that could be used as social media for the culinary community. This research used literature review, user interviews, and questionnaires. Moreover, the database system development life cycle was used as a guide for designing a database especially for conceptual database design, logical database design, and physical design database. Web-based application design used eight golden rules for user interface design. The result of this research is the availability of a web-based database application that can fulfill the needs of users in the culinary field related to communication and recipe management.
The Implementation of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs)-Based E-Learning System for College Level Learners
Authors: Silvana Hana , Hanoum Nadia
Published: October 2017

This research aimed to find out how the implementation of MOOCs-based e-learning system was as an attempt to provide equal access to education athigher education level in Indonesia and to describe the user profile of MOOCs based e-learning. This research used a descriptive quantitative method, and the subjects of the research were 30 MOOCs participants drawn randomly. The design of the MOOCs-based e-learning implementedhad following features. Those were a) Bahasa Indonesia content; b) responsive media interface that can be accessed from a variety of devices; c) the use of short duration video content to facilitate buffering process; d) the use of interactive multimedia content; e) the use of social learningprinciples through the feature of discussion forum; and f) the use of gamification principles through the provision of badges for participants. The results of this research indicate that MOOCs-based e-learning system has the potential to improve the equal access to higher education with severalindicators. First, the majority of participants are females. Second, the latest education of most users is high school or vocational high school. Last, most have been working as employees.
Mobile Application for Inventory Control in a Minimart
Authors: Darnis Febriyanti
Published: October 2017

The goal of the research was to design a mobile application of inventory system in a minimart. In an application of using the mobile-based inventory minimart, J2EE system development used Waterfall method with the stages of analysis, design, coding, and implementation. The control of application inventory items at the minimart was intended for mobile-based users who controlled the supply of goods on the markets. It was to facilitate employee minimart in organizing, processing, monitoring the movement of inventory items that occurred in the minimart. The application of control inventory-based mobile minimart was to make users inventory, with a menu that was available in the form of product items, a promotion that had a limited promotion item reservations. The application can make employees in a minimart organize, process, and monitor the movement of inventory item more easily.
Prospects of pond ecosystems as resource base towards community based adaptation (CBA) to climate change in coastal region of Bangladesh
Authors: Rabbani Md. Golam , Rahman Syed Hafizur , Munira Sirazoom
Published: October 2017

Climate-induced hazards are adversely affecting the pond ecosystems in Bangladesh. Most of the poor communities collect water from isolated ponds for drinking and other domestic needs. This paper explores how the small pond ecosystems and associated livelihoods of the coastal communities are vulnerable and argues that the pond ecosystem can be a potential resource base for community based adaptation in the coastal regions of Bangladesh. A set of quantitative and qualitative tools were applied to 309 households across five villages. The study showed that 96% of the respondents are dependent on pond water for drinking. More than 50% households expressed that temperature, rainfall variations and salinity intrusion, directly and indirectly, affect the pond water. Physical parameter values of temperature, pH and salinity from the ponds showed changes across different seasons. Drinking water scarcity during pre-monsoon (March–May), winter (Dec–Feb), disaster and immediate post-disaster period among the communities is high. Salinity intrusion and surface runoff caused by excessive rainfall in short periods also cause deterioration in the quality of pond water. However, successful examples of pond water usage emerged through the discussions, especially during a post-disaster crisis, which strengthens the idea that ponds could be a resource base for community-based adaptation in the coast of Bangladesh.
Heterotrophic nitrogen removal in Bacillus sp. K5: involvement of a novel hydroxylamine oxidase
Authors: Yang Yunlong , Lin Ershu , Huang Shaobin
Published: October 2017

An aerobic denitrifying bacterium isolated from a bio-trickling filter treating NOx, Bacillus sp. K5, is able to convert ammonium to nitrite, in which hydroxylamine oxidase (HAO) plays a critical role. In the present study, the performance for simultaneous nitrification and denitrification was investigated with batch experiments and an HAO was purified by an anion-exchange and gel-filtration chromatography from strain K5. The purified HAO's molecular mass was determined by SDS-PAGE and its activity by measuring the change in the concentration of ferricyanide, the electron acceptor. Results showed that as much as 87.8 mg L−1 ammonium-N was removed without nitrite accumulation within 24 hours in the sodium citrate medium at C/N of 15. The HAO isolated from the strain K5 was approximately 71 KDa. With hydroxylamine (NH2OH) as a substrate and potassium ferricyanide as an electron acceptor, the enzyme was capable of oxidizing NH2OH to nitrite in vitro when the pH varied from 7 to 9 and temperature ranged from 25 °C to 40 °C. This is the first time that an HAO has been purified from the Bacillus genus, and the findings revealed that it is distinctive in its molecular mass and enzyme properties.
Current Progress of Lipid Analysis in Metabolic Diseases by Mass Spectrometry Methods
Authors: Mika Adriana , Sledzinski Tomasz , Stepnowski Piotr
Published: October 2017

Background:

Obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome are associated with lipid alterations, and they affect the risk of long-term cardiovascular disease. A reliable analytical instrument to detect changes in the composition or structures of lipids and the tools allowing to connect changes in a specific group of lipids with a specific disease and its progress, is constantly lacking. Lipidomics is a new field of medicine based on the research and identification of lipids and lipid metabolites present in human organism. The primary aim of lipidomics is to search for new biomarkers of different diseases, mainly civilization diseases.

Objective:

We aimed to review studies reporting the application of mass spectrometry for lipid analysis in metabolic diseases.

Method:

Following an extensive search of peer-reviewed articles on the mass spectrometry analysis of lipids the literature has been discussed in this review article.

Results:

The lipid group contains around 1.7 million species; they are totally different, in terms of the length of aliphatic chain, amount of rings, additional functional groups. Some of them are so complex that their complex analyses are a challenge for analysts. Their qualitative and quantitative analysis of is based mainly on mass spectrometry.

Conclusion:

Mass spectrometry techniques are excellent tools for lipid profiling in complex biological samples and the combination with multivariate statistical analysis enables the identification of potential diagnostic biomarkers.
थारू जनजाति के विद्यार्थियों के व्यक्तिगत मूल्यों का अध्ययन
Authors: . ओमप्रकाश , धवन सीमा
Published: October 2017

मूल्य मानव जीवन का मूलाधार हैं। किसी भी समाज, राष्ट्र तथा विश्व का कल्याण मूल्यों के अभाव में नहीं हो सकता। मूल्य मानव जीवन का अभिन्न अंग हैं। व्यक्तिगत मूल्य मानव के व्यवहार तथा जीवन व्यतीत करने के तरीकों को प्रभावित करते हैं। व्यक्तिगत मूल्य, धार्मिक, सामाजिक, प्रजातान्त्रिक, सौन्दर्यात्मक, आर्थिक, ज्ञान, सुखवादी, शक्ति, पारिवारिक प्रतिष्ठा एवं स्वास्थ्य इत्यादि क्षेत्रों से सम्बन्धित होते हैं।थारू जनजाति का आवास क्षेत्र उत्तर प्रदेश के दक्षिण पूर्व से लेकर पूर्व में गोरखपुर तथा नेपाल की सीमा तक है। प्रस्तुत शोध का उद्देश्य उत्तर प्रदेश के लखीमपुर खीरी के थारू जनजाति के विद्यार्थियों के व्यक्तिगत मूल्यों धार्मिक, सामाजिक, प्रजातान्त्रिक, सौन्दर्यात्मक, आर्थिक, ज्ञान, सुखवादी, शक्ति, पारिवारिक प्रतिष्ठा एवं स्वास्थ्य का अध्ययन करना है तथा थारू जनजाति के छात्रों एवं छात्राओं के इन व्यक्तिगत मूल्यों की तुलना करना है। इस शोध में सर्वेक्षण शोधविधि का प्रयोग किया गया है। शोध हेतु उत्तर प्रदेश के लखीमपुर खीरी के थारू जनजाति के 800 विद्यार्थियों को सम्मिलित किया गया है।
HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATION AND YOUTH IN NGUGIS WEEP NOT, CHILD
Authors: Waghmare Shamrao J.
Published: October 2017

Human rights are essentially the rights of people. They are the rights that an individual can avail and enjoy, by virtue of being born as a human being. it means the rights relating to life, liberty, equality and dignity of an individual guaranteed by the National Constitution or embodied in the international convents and they are enforceable by the judiciary. Ngugiin Weep Not, Child has tried to express the grave reality of his nation as he covers the time duration from colonialism to post colonialism and Neocolonialism. In the works of Ngugi the subordinate masses try to resist the dominant group. The novel is set before and during the emergency in Kenya. It presents the picture of a village community that disintegrates as a colonial settlement resulting in the alienation of people from their ancestral god given land. Land is the visible symbol for Kenyans as well as the means of establishing contact with the ancestral spirits. Ngotho is the legitimate owner of the land. His aboriginal title is based on gen. Jacobo is the native aid of Mr. Howlands. He forces the natives to work on his master’s farm. He takes precaution that no other native farmer can become rich like him. He plays a role of middleman in case of supplying workers to work on low wages.
COMPARING GOPINATH MOHANTY WITH MULK RAJ ANANDFROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF RESISTANCE LITERATURE
Authors: Sethi Khagendra , Ray Tithi
Published: October 2017

This article aims at a comparative study of GopinathMohanty with Mulk Raj Anand. The article will analyse and examine the works of both the writers from the perspective of Resistance literature. Both of them have significant contribution to Dalit literature. These two writers are non-dalits. But they have comprehensive understanding on the plight of these miserable sections who are on the margin. They have tried their best to fight for their rights. Along with that they have created for them a distinct cultural identity by dismantling their colonial identity. They have raised voice against the ethical issues like bonded labour, economical exploitation, socio-political exclusion, land displacement and sexual harassment which were immanent in dalit’s life in colonial and post-colonial India.
REVISIT AND UNLOCK THE POTENTIAL OF TEACHER EDUCATION IN INDIA: A ROAD MAP
Authors: Katoch Kuldeep Singh
Published: October 2017

In this research article an attempt has been made to critically analyze the latest TeachR -Rankingand Accreditation Framework for TEIs (June, 2017) in Indian context. The main purpose of this framework is to evaluate the existing teacher education institutions on the basis of four components i.e. physical assets (Total score 10 out of 100), academic assets (Total score 20 out of 100), teacher and learning quality (Total score 30 out of 100) and learning outcomes (Total score 40 out of 100). On the basis of this evaluation, TEIs will be ranked and classified in one of four categories A, B, C, and D. Category A and B institutions comprise those fit to continue delivering teacher education. Category A institutions will be granted more independence over their functioning through a reduction in regulatory oversight. Category C and D institutions are those whose quality of education is found to be insufficient. While Category C organizations will be granted one year to meet the necessary standards, Category D organizations will need to stop admitting new students immediately and shut down in an orderly manner. The main purpose of proposed TeachR framework for accreditation and ranking of TEIs has been created with a view to provide a regulatory environment that enables and encourages TEIs to strive for academic excellence. As TEIs improve, they will produce better teachers who will in turn drive improved learning outcomes for students across the country.
Online Lectures in Undergraduate Medical Education: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Tang Brandon , Coret Alon , Qureshi Aatif , Barron Henry , Ayala Ana Patricia , Law Marcus
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUND

The adoption of the flipped classroom in undergraduate medical education calls on students to learn from various self-paced tools—including online lectures—before attending in-class sessions. Hence, the design of online lectures merits special attention, given that applying multimedia design principles has been shown to enhance learning outcomes.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to understand how online lectures have been integrated into medical school curricula, and whether published literature employs well-accepted principles of multimedia design.

METHODS

This scoping review followed the methodology outlined by Arksey and O'Malley (2005). Databases, including MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Education Source, FRANCIS, ERIC, and ProQuest, were searched to find articles from 2006 to 2016 related to online lecture use in undergraduate medical education.

RESULTS

In total, 45 articles met our inclusion criteria. Online lectures were used in preclinical and clinical years, covering basic sciences, clinical medicine, and clinical skills. The use of multimedia design principles was seldom reported. Almost all studies described high student satisfaction and improvement on knowledge tests following online lecture use.

CONCLUSIONS

Integration of online lectures into undergraduate medical education is well-received by students and appears to improve learning outcomes. Future studies should apply established multimedia design principles to the development of online lectures to maximize their educational potential.
On the Cultivation of College English Learners’ Intercultural Competence
Authors: Lihua Tan
Published: October 2017

Cultural integration, an important part of college English teaching, plays a key role in enhancing students’ English proficiency and overall quality. The author in this paper attempts to explore the cultivation of college English learners’ intercultural competence from the three aspects of relationship between cultural integration and college English teaching, the contents and ways of cultural integration into college English teaching. The author considers that college English learners’ intercultural competence involves both intercultural communicative competence and overall quality including virtues, critical thinking and extensive knowledge.
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL DAN KOMPENSASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN DENGAN MOTIVASI SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING (STUDI PADA INDUSTRI ALAS KAKI PT. BO KYUNG PASURUAN)
Authors: Priyanto Wahyu Budi
Published: October 2017

Compensation is also self motivation factor for employees, where those things end in high-low level of work result or performance. This research purposes to test the effect of transformational leadership style, compensation, and motivation of employee’s performance, motivation as an effect mediator from transformational leadership style and compensation to employee’s performance in PT. Bo Kyung Pasuruan. This research is explanatory. In this research uses 96 samples from 2719 employees that work in PT. Bo Kyung Pasuruan. The result of Partial Least Square (PLS) this research shows that transformational leadership style is positively effected but not significant to motivation and employee’s performance. Motivation affect transformational leadership style of employee’s performance, and motivation does not influence compensation of employee’s performance in PT. Bo Kyung Pasuruan.Keywords: Compensation, Employees Performance, Motivation,Transformational Leadership.
BRAND POSITIONING DAN TRUST TERHADAP LOYALITAS NASABAH (STUDI PADA NASABAH BPR JTIM CABANG BATU)
Authors: Wijayana Dona Pambudi
Published: October 2017

The purpose of this study was to the positioning of brand loyalty , how positioning the brand to trust , how to trust in the loyalty and how to position the brand loyalty through customer confidence in their loan JATIM on Branch of Batu City. Sampling obtained from 100 respondents credit customers BPR Jatim on Branch of Batu City, studies using Patial Least Square ( PLS ) and the obtained results of research are positioning the brand effect on loyalty , positioning the brand effect on confidence , trust affect the loyalty and positioning the brand effect on loyalty through trust BPR JATIM on Branch of Batu City.Keywords: Brand Positioning, Loyalty, Trust
TRANSPOSISI ARTERI BESAR PADA DEWASA
Authors: Arisanti Deni , Yuliwansyah Rony , M Hanif Akmal Edi , Karani Yerizal , Leman Saharman
Published: October 2017

AbstrakSeorang laki-laki umur 50 tahun dirawat di Emergensi Penyakit Dalam RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang dengan keluhan utama sesak nafas meningkat sejak 1 hari yang lalu. Sesak nafas semakin meningkat jika beraktifitas, dan berkurang jika istirahat dengan posisi bantal yang ditinggikan. Jika sesak nafas sering diikuti dengan bibir dan kuku yang membiru. Pasien sudah dikenal menderita penyakit jantung bawaan, awalnya lahir dengan kulit kebiruan dan mudah tersedak jika menyusu. Dari pemeriksaan fisik didapatkan: Clubbing finger, sianosis, peningkatan Vena Jugolaris, kardiomegali, dan pitting oedema. Dari laboratorium didapatkan: Hemoglobin: 17,1 gr/dl, Hematokrit : 62%, Ureum : 39 mg/dl, Kreatinin : 2,0 mg/dl, TKK :31, Echo Cardiography: Transposisi Arteri Besar, Large Ventrikel Septal Devect, trikuspit regurgitasi dengan hipertensi pulmonal dan moderat Mitral Regurgitasi. Pasien di diagnosa dengan Congestive Heart Failure Functional Class IV LVH- RVH, irama RBBB karena transposisi Arteri Besar dengan Ventrikel Septal Defek.Kata kunci: Transposisi Arteri Besar, Kelainan Jantung Bawaan.AbstractHas been treated a 50 years old man was hospitallized in Internal emengency Department of Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Padang with cief complaints of shortness of breath influenced activity, frequent night waking due to shortness of breath, and an elevated bed with a pillow. On physical examination found: clubbing, cyanosis, increased Jugolaris veins, cardiomegaly, and pitting edema. From the laboratium: Hemoglobin: 17,1 gr/dl, Hematokrit : 62%, Ureum : 39 mg/dl, Kreatinin : 2,0 mg/dl, TKK :31, Echo Cardiography shows: Transposition of the Great Arteries, Large Ventricle Septal Defect, Tricuspid Regurgitation with pulmonary hypertension, and moderate Mitral Regurgitation. Patients with definitife diagnosis: Congestive Heart Failure Functional Class IV LVH- RVH, RBBB rhythm Cause By Transposition of the Great Arteries with a Ventrikel Septal Defec.Key word : Transposition of the Great Arteries, Kongenital Heart Desease.
SCHISTOSOMIASIS, Hubungan Respon Imun dan Perubahan Patologi
Authors: Rusjdi Selfi Renita
Published: October 2017

AbstrakSchistosomiasis merupakan suatu penyakit tropik yang disebabkan oleh cacing genus Schistosoma. Spesies yang dapat menginfeksi manusia antara lain Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma japonicum, Schistosoma mekongi, Schistosoma haematobium dan Schistosoma intercalatum. Penyakit ini telah menyerang 200 juta orang penduduk di negara berkembang. Penularan pada manusia terjadi dengan cara serkaria menembus kulit sewaktu kontak dengan air yang mengandung serkaria.Respon imun pada penderita schistosomiasis terhadap antigen cacing dan telurnya mempengaruhi perjalanan penyakit dan klinis yang ditimbulkan. Status imunitas menentukan perubahan patologi yang akan terjadi seperti pembentukan granuloma, gangguan terhadap organ atau bahkan melindungi penderita terhadap kejadian infeksi berat. Pada keadaan tertentu cacing schistosoma dapat bertahan selama bertahun – tahun meskipun hospes mempunyai respon imun yang kuat.Gejala schistosomiasis akut dapat berupa demam, malaise, mialgia, batuk, sakit kepala dan nyeri abdomen yang dikenal dengan sindroma Katayama. Gejala akut ini sering muncul pada orang yang mengalami infeksi pertama kali. Pada keadaan kronik, schistosomiasis dapat menimbulkan kerusakan organ berupa fibrosis, striktur dan kalsifikasi.Kata Kunci : schistosimiasis, sindroma Katayama, fibrosis, granulomaAbstractSchistosomiasis is a tropical disease which is caused by helminth of genus schistosoma.Species of schistosoma which can infect human are Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma japonicum, Schistosoma mekongi, Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma intercalatum. Schistosoma has infected 200 million people in developing countries. It is transmitted to human when the free living cercariae penetrate the skin in contaminated water.Immune response to somatic and egg antigen determine natural history of disease and clinical symptom. Immunity is responsible for pathological changes which formed granuloma, organ disfunction and even able to protect the body from heavy infection. In certain case, schistosomiasis can persist for years in host with strong immunity.TINJAUAN PUSTAKA82Symptoms of acute schistosomiasis also called Katayama syndrome are fever, malaise, myalgia, cough, headache and abdominal pain. The acute symptome frequently occur in first schistosomal infection. In chronic case, it can cause organ damage such fibrosis, stricture and calsification.Key word: schistosimiasis, sindroma Katayama, fibrosis, granuloma
Selling Security: The War on Terrorism and the Internal Security Act of Singapore
Authors: Cheong Damien
Published: October 2017

The Internal Security Act (ISA) of Singapore has been transformed from a security law into an effective political instrument of the Singapore government.

Although the government's use of the ISA for political purposes elicited negative reactions from the public, it was not prepared to abolish, or make amendments to the Act. In the wake of September 11 and the international campaign against terrorism, the opportunity to (re)legitimize the government's use of the ISA emerged. This paper argues that despite the ISA's seeming importance in the fight against terrorism, the absence of explicit definitions of national security threats, either in the Act itself, or in accompanying legislation, renders the ISA susceptible to political misuse.
International Food Safety Standards: Catalysts for Increased Chinese Food Quality?
Authors: Kjeldsen-Kragh Søren , Wencong Lu
Published: October 2017

During the last 10-15 years the question about food safety has increasingly been a topic of great concern nationally and internationally. Traditionally there has been a conflict of interest between the developed countries with higher food safety standards and the developing countries with lower food safety rules. As long as adequate international rules persist the view of standards as barriers should be replaced by the view of standards as catalysts for increased food quality. This article looks at the food safety issue in China, the largest developing country. The Chinese exports of food products have been confronted with trade restrictions because the products did not comply with the high food standards in the USA, the EU and Japan. These difficulties have contributed to a greater concern in China about the quality of the food products. In the last ten years a series of changes in the rules and in the administration have taken place. It is a complicated task because it touches the whole food chain. The article tries to cast light on these important questions. What have been the consequences of inadequate food safety regulations in China? What have been done until now to improve the food quality standards in China? What further initiatives should be taken to improve the situation in the future?
Spiritual Power. Ethnic Chinese Managers and the Rise of Charismatic Christianity
Authors: Koning Juliette , Dahles Heidi
Published: October 2017

This article explores the ongoing conversion of ethnic Chinese managers in Indonesia and Malaysia to charismatic Christianity, a movement characterized by experiential spirituality, healing, and prophesying. The spiritual turn among ethnic Chinese managers is positioned against the growing literature on spirituality in organizations and the acclaimed need for managers to bring spirituality to work in order to enhance efficiency and employee well-being under the present Zeitgeist of growing global competition and organizational change. An important missing link, however, in this instrumentalist literature is a contextualized approach to the inner meanings of religion-based spirituality in the lives of the managers involved. By analyzing the experiences as narrated by converted managers in Indonesia and Malaysia against the background of their cultural, political, social and economic context - in casu the ethno-religious power relations at national levels -, this article takes the analysis beyond the goal-oriented leadership literature. Additionally, it applies a comparative approach to show that the spiritual turn may have divergent meanings to actors in different contexts. The outcomes of the research illustrate that religion-based spirituality among ethnic Chinese managers in Indonesia and Malaysia is empowering at the managerial level but also at the ethnic level. In the latter case however, this empowerment is quite differently constituted.
Trends and Determinants of Korean Outward FDI
Authors: Kim Jungmin , Rhee Dong Kee
Published: October 2017

This paper examines the trends and determinants of Korean outward foreign direct investment and the extent to which location decision explanation needs to be nested within the general theory of the multinational firm. In the context of investment development path developed by Dunning and Narula, we examine the important factors for the location decisions of Korean outward foreign direct investment, considering host countries at very different stages of economic development. In line with this objective, we test empirically the determinants of Korean outward investment using macro economic factors of host countries. Thus, we identify several factors that impact on such trends and develop hypotheses that could explain the phenomenon generically. We test our hypotheses using official Korean outward FDI data collected from 1994 to 2005. The behavior of Korean multinational firms shows several distinctive features. As a result, we find that the dynamic effects of economic development have influenced on the changes of outward FDI characteristics.
Changing Patterns of Chinese Regionalism Policy-making
Authors: Jiang Yang
Published: October 2017

China is increasingly active in regional cooperation, known as regionalism. This change has been catalyzed by the Asian financial crisis in 1997-98, supported by China's economic power and guided by national economic and political needs. Debates abound on whether China's rise is a threat or an opportunity for other Asian countries or for the world, although little research has been conducted on the policymaking for China's regional economic cooperation or economic diplomacy in general. This paper examines to what extent the trends of professionalization, corporate pluralization, decentralization and globalization (identified in Lampton 2001) from 1978-2000, exist in its policymaking on regional trade cooperation from 1978 to 2000. In this article, 'fragmentation' is used to integrate corporate pluralization and decentralization, as they are horizontal and vertical forms of fragmentation. This study therefore contributes to the understanding of China's 'post-WTO' foreign economic policy, economic diplomacy and its 'good-neighbour' diplomacy mulin waijiao.
Capturing Otherness: Self-Identity and Feelings of Non-Belonging Among Educated Burmese in Thailand
Authors: Faucher Carole
Published: October 2017

This paper explores the subjective experiences of migrants engaged in producing alternative modes of self-identification and in creating a new basis for their collective identity. Through the analysis of personal narratives, this article examines the dialectic movement between complex political and social constructions of Otherness and processes of self-identification among English-educated lowland Burmese living in Thailand. It investigates the meanings and perceptions attached to the different terms used as identity frameworks in popular discourse among Thai and among Burmese themselves and looks into how these terms and

attached meanings are appropriated and acted upon in different contexts. The migrants involved in this research come from vastly different backgrounds and ideologies, but they share in common being from the Burman ethnic majority, or having lived and studied among Burman, and identifying themselves in terms of civic identity, which is reflected by the term 'Burmese'. Once in Thailand, their situation is complicated because in their everyday life they have to face the Thai construction of being Burmese, known as 'Pama', a term associated with the historical enemy in Thai nationalist discourse. The contact that educated Burmese have with Thai classmates or co-workers is relatively limited due to the general mistrust Thai people tend to have towards them. The educated Burmese migrants also have to confront their national Other, the members of minorities from the secessionist states who compose the majority of migrants in Thailand. In this context, their own Burmeseness, which they rarely had to question before they left Yangon or Mandalay, appears suddenly as it is: an identity deeply fragmented that needs to be captured and reappropriated.
Cute and Cool in Contemporary Japanese Visual Arts
Authors: Borggreen Gunhild
Published: October 2017

Under the headline of 'Japan Cool', popular culture from Japan has gained a significant role in the global market within the last decade. One of the concepts related to 'Japan Cool' is kawaii, meaning cute and sweet, both as a style and a lifestyle. Kawaii can be seen as visual trademarks in fashion, manga, animé, and many other parts of popular culture, as well as in visual arts by neo-pop artists such as Murakami Takashi and his associates. However, kawaii as a critical concept, has been flourishing in Japan since the 1980s, and has been the topic of sociological research that stresses the subversive and critical dimensions of the word. This article investigates how artworks can offer an ethnographic account of kawaii as a sign of ambiguity and thus signify important social currents in Japanese youth culture in the decade before 'soft power' became the agenda for official Japan.
Are the East Asian Economies Decoupling? Empirical Evidence and Rhetorical Reasoning
Authors: Pascha Werner , Yoon Jihee
Published: October 2017

In this article, the authors look at the decoupling debate with respect to East Asia from an economic and a political economy perspective. Looking at various methods, they find little evidence to support a secular decoupling hypothesis, that is, the proposition that there is a long-term trend towards a decoupling of the East Asian region. In this context, they present fresh evidence on GDP data up to the second quarter of 2009, incorporating some of the impact of the recent financial crisis. They find evidence in favour of a cyclical relationship: decoupling during economic upturns and re-coupling during downturns. They also look at the sources for the strong interest in the concept, drawing some parallels to the older concept of the flying geese pattern of development. Key factors are the activity of financial analysts and the interest of some policy circles in the region to support calls for further regional integration with putative empirical evidence. The debate on decoupling captures some interesting points about the peculiar political and economic exchange on the regional level. Nevertheless, the authors conclude that seemingly detached economic reasoning is often subject to over- and even misinterpretation and should be accompanied by more political economy-based reasoning on the discursive patterns of the debate.
China's Iron and Steel Industry at the Global Markets Interface: Structural Developments and Industrial Policy Interventions
Authors: Heide Peter In Der , Taube Markus
Published: October 2017

In recent years the Chinese iron and steel industry has gone through a period of hyper growth, propelling it to the very top of global steel-making. Commanding nearly half of global output and correspondingly utilizing a similar share of inputs and raw materials, China has become the key player in this industry, exerting significant influence on global prices and cost parameters. But just as the rise of China's iron and steel industry was not only driven by market forces but heavily influenced by government intervention in commodity and financial markets, government authorities are also trying to exert influence on the way Chinese steel-makers are acting on the global markets. Balancing market forces and industrial policy strategy at the global markets interface, political decision-makers have worked out an elaborate framework of measures to carve out maximum benefits for domestic enterprises and the economy as a whole. By examining these mechanisms, this article aims to illustrate that sectoral industrial policy in China does not push for expanding exports and investments across the board but carefully and discretionarily promotes global integration in some areas while delaying it in others.
State-Managed Marketization: The Role of the Chinese State in the Petroleum Industry
Authors: Chen Shaofeng
Published: October 2017

China's phenomenal economic growth has riveted attention on the role of the Chinese state. Several models, such as the developmental state, predatory state, irresponsible state, state capitalism and centrally managed capitalism, have contributed to our understanding of that topic, but none of them can capture the dynamism and complexity of the Chinese state's role. Drawing on two cases in the petroleum industry, this article argues that a state-management approach (SMMA) is in a better position to account for the role of the state and the nature of the state–national oil companies (NOCs) ties.1 If most countries embracing the market economy can be classified as a state-in-market paradigm, where state interventions in economic activities are subject to market forces, China's SMMA can be regarded as a market-in-state model, where China's state is superior to the market.
Building a 'Harmonious World': A Mission Impossible?
Authors: Keyuan Zou
Published: October 2017

In September 2005, President Hu Jintao called for a 'harmonious world' at the summit for the 60th anniversary of the founding of the United Nations. Following his call, the Chinese government issued a white paper on China's peaceful development road, in which 'building a harmonious world' is valued as the 'lofty goal' in taking the path of 'peaceful development'. In the latest Five-Year

Plan (2011–2015), Chinese foreign policy continues to hold high the banner of peace, development and cooperation and to build a harmonious world featured by enduring peace and common prosperity together with other countries in the world. This article will examine the doctrine of 'harmonious world' to see whether it is practical in conducting international relations between China and the rest of the world and how China should adjust its foreign policy thinking to better cope with the more complicated world. It is timely and meaningful to discuss the topic at the time when China changes its leadership.1
Local Government Debt and Municipal Bonds in China: Problems and a Framework of Rules
Authors: Feng Xingyuan
Published: October 2017

Local governments in China are facing heavy debt burdens, a low level of fiscal transparency and a lack of constraints by local democracy. Since 2008, local government debts have skyrocketed. This article analyses the current state and features of local government debts and the two kinds of 'quasi municipal bonds' in China—urban investment bonds and local government bonds—along with their problems and risks. It examines the risks connected with local government debts and these bonds from the perspectives of public finance and political economy. It concludes with a discussion of a framework of rules for local government debt financing, especially for the issuance of municipal bonds in China.
Family Firms and Brand Products in Malaysia: Originality, Productivity and Sustainability
Authors: Gomez Edmund Terence , Tuan Wong Yee
Published: October 2017

Two key questions in Malaysia's corporate history have not yet been answered. Why is it that only a small number of family firms produce brand products? Why has none emerged as a major publicly listed enterprise? This study employs concepts from family business literature as well as Alfred Chandler, Jr's business history approach to answer these questions. A blend of conceptual tools from these two bodies of literature offers insights into the evolution of these brand product family firms. By adopting this approach, this study reveals that the core issues requiring scrutiny are an enterprise's volume of investments in research and development, a skilled managerial team and an effective marketing technique. Other issues include the need for a sound succession plan and a focus on a horizontal form of enterprise development. This article also reviews the capacity of the state to enable as well as hamper the rise of domestic brand product firms.
China's Solar PV Manufacturing and Subsidies from the Perspective of State Capitalism
Authors: Gang Chen
Published: October 2017

This article examines how the Chinese government, at both central and local levels, has supported solar PV equipment manufacturing to increase its share in the global market, despite its innate disadvantages in this industry. Much of China's early expansion of manufacturing sectors can be attributed to its competitive advantages in cheap labour and good infrastructure, as well as the alleged undervaluation of the Chinese currency. However, China's formidable progress in the capital-intensive solar PV industries, where these advantages were no longer functioning effectively, has raised interesting questions about hidden stimulus factors like direct government subsidies, cheap land, technology support and easy credit provided by the government or other state sectors, like state-owned banks and research institutes.

China's emergence as the world's largest manufacturer in these nascent industries has global economic repercussions. This research aims to explicate the Chinese business model from the perspective of state capitalism, a quasi-market system that has been integrated into the global economy, but which remains under the command of an authoritarian regime with a central planning mindset that makes innovative use of domestic leverages to subsidize strategic industries and achieve international competitiveness
Subsidization in China's Renewable Energy Sector: Negotiability as the Norm
Authors: Christensen Nis Høyrup
Published: October 2017

The Chinese government's decision to push for large-scale build up of renewable energy capacity was followed by a range of industrial policies to support this change of track. Most importantly, various forms of subsidies were launched to support both industries and markets. While important new research has added to our understanding of China's state capitalism by documenting the depth and breadth of subsidies to solar PV manufactures, very little attention has been paid to how subsidies are determined and how companies influence these processes.

This article takes a neo-institutional perspective with the aim of understanding the institutional context for the interplay between companies and Party-state, and the norms established through this interaction. It explores two cases, the biomass and solar industry, and shows how subsidies are perceived as being negotiable. Understanding this negotiability of subsidies as an institutionalized norm helps us understand both an important factor shaping China's renewable energy sector and the wider dynamics of state capitalism in China.
Multinational Enterprises and the 'One Belt, One road' Initiative: Sustainable Development and Innovation in a Post-Crisis Global Environment
Authors: Solmecke Ulrike
Published: October 2017

By initiating the development of a gigantic international trade network across

Asia, Europe and Africa, with several trade corridors that will span around 60

countries, China intends to stimulate substantial economic growth. Already in

the first phase, focused on building an adequate infrastructure, multinational

enterprises will play a vital role in developing the so-called New Silk Road

or the 'One Belt, One Road' initiative. This article inquires into the environmental impacts that a venture of this magnitude will entail and discusses the potential of the available voluntary and mandatory governance instruments to lead the key economic actors to take sustainability criteria into account.
The Impact of the Global Financial Crisis on China's Banking Sector
Authors: Haasbroek Michiel , Gottwald Jörn-Carsten
Published: October 2017

The banking sector had long been left at the fringes of China's reform policies. Major initiatives of the 1990 and early 2000s helped to balance the need for modernization and internationalization with the objective of preserving political control. When the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) erupted in 2007, it hit the Chinese economy but predominantly in its export sector and much less in its financial sector. Yet when exports collapsed and factories closed in the winter of 2008/2009, the Chinese leadership implemented an ambitious stimulus program and used its leverage over the financial sector to re-start economic growth. These factors – GFC and domestic stimulus – created a series of intended and unintended outcomes. Financial reform in China entered a new stage signalling a profound change in China's banking sector. These changes follow two sometimes contradictive, sometimes mutually reinforcing reform dynamics of top-down policies and bottom-up innovation. In this article we follow an institutional approach and discuss the intensified participation of China's big banks in the Go Out strategy, followed by a shift in the pattern of lending. One factor in this change is the rise of shadow banking and particularly an explosive growth in internet-based financial services. Thus, while the initial reaction to the GFC re-emphasized direct, top-down state involvement in the banking sector, the outcomes of the GFC, China's policies and business innovations have facilitated profound bottom-up changes.
China's SOE Executives: Drivers of or Obstacles to Reform?
Authors: Brødsgaard Kjeld Erik , Hubbard Paul
Published: October 2017

Drawing on a database tracking the career of 1,250 top Chinese executives from 1,084 publicly-listed state-owned enterprises (SOEs), this article analyzes differences in career incentives for subsidiaries controlled by the central government compared to those controlled by local governments. It also considers the differences for executives in listed companies close to the parent group compared to those that are heads in distant subsidiaries. We find that in both SOEs and their publicly listed subsidiaries, administrative experience or political connections appear to increase the likelihood of promotion. However, in the case of central SOE subsidiaries, leaders are more likely to be promoted based on financial performance. For both central and local 'direct' SOE groups age is a significant negative factor for promotion, whereas tenure is a significant positive factor.