bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by minimally invasive esophagectomy for borderline resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; A retrospective cohort study with short- and mid-term oncological outcomes
Authors: Hosogi Hisahiro , Yoshida Shinya , Sakaguchi Masazumi , Kanaya Seiichiro
Published: May 2023

Background
The best treatment strategy for borderline resectable locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is unknown. Although neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) provides good local control, the subsequent surgery is complicated by edema or fibrosis, particularly in minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE). This retrospective cohort study sought to assess the feasibility of NACRT followed by MIE for borderline resectable ESCC.
Methods
Consecutive patients who underwent NACRT (40Gy radiotherapy with chemotherapy of 5-FU and Cisplatin) followed by MIE with gastric tube reconstruction for locally advanced ESCC were included. Following a review of pretreatment CT by 2 independent physicians, clinically borderline resectable T3 (cT3br) tumors were chosen, with resectable (cT3r) and unresectable (cT4b) tumors excluded. The short- and mid-term oncological outcomes were assessed.
Results
Patients with 33 cT3br tumors were included. There was no postoperative mortality, and 11 and 7 patients had postoperative Clavien-Dindo Grade ≥ II and Grade ≥ III complications, respectively. R0 resection was achieved in 32 patients, with 4 patients showing pathological complete response. With a median follow-up of 675 days, 15 patients had relapsed, the majority of which included distant metastasis, and only one patient had a pure locoregional recurrence. Patients who experienced postoperative complications had significantly lower relapse-free survival (RFS) than those who did not (p = 0.049) (2-year RFS: 0% and 65%, respectively).
Conclusions
NACRT followed by MIE for cT3br tumors was feasible with adequate R0 resection rates. Although locoregional control was adequate, distant metastasis was poorly controlled. MIE with fewer postoperative complications would provide better oncological results.
Genes encoding vascular cambium activity of Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis revealed by transcriptomic analyses
Authors: Liu Guo , Wu Zhihua , Luo Jianzhong , Wang Chubiao , Shang Xiuhua , Zhang Guowu
Published: May 2023

Background: Vascular cambium activities mainly include cambium proliferation and vascular tissue formation through secondary growth, thereby producing new secondary phloem inward and secondary xylem outward and leading to continuous tree thickening and wood for-mation. Therefore, the analysis of the molecular mechanism underlying wood vascular cambium activities can lead to the identification of both key and related genes involved in the for-mation, development, and differentiation of vascular cambium.
Results: In the present study, RNA-Seq and Pac-Bio Iso-Seq were used for profiling gene expression changes in Eucalyptus urophylla × E. grandis (E. urograndis) vascular cambium at four different ages. A total of 59,770 non-redundant transcripts and 1892 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. The expression trends of the DEGs related to cell division and differentiation, cell wall biosynthesis, phytohormone, and transcription factors were analyzed. The DEGs encoding expansin, kinesin, cycline, PAL, GRP9, KNOX, C2C2-dof, REV, etc., were highly expressed in E. urograndis at three years old, leading to positive effects on growth and development. Moreover, some gene family members, such as NAC, MYB, HD-ZIP III, RPK, and RAP, play different regulatory roles in vascular cambium activity because of their sophisticated transcriptional network and function redundantly.
Conclusions: These candidate genes are a potential resource to further study vascular cambium activity, espe-cially in fast-growing and adaptable eucalyptus. The results may also serve as a basis for further research to unravel the molecular mechanism underlying wood formation.
Arabidopsis phyB functions as a green light photoreceptor to promote photomorphogenesis
Authors: Xu Miqi , Wu Yujie , Tao Kunying , Wang Xuncheng , Wang Yi-Yuan , Li Jian , Wu Qingqing , Ling Jun-Jie
Published: May 2023

Although green light (GL, 500–600 nm) occupies half the visible light spectrum and regulates a series of plant developmental processes, the mechanism by which GL regulates seedling morphogenesis is enigmatic. Here, we reported that pure GL (500–600 nm, λmax, 527 nm) promoted the cotyledon development of Arabidopsis seedlings through phytochrome B (phyB). Genetic analysis indicated that phyB was involved in cotyledon development under continuous GL. Compared with red light (RL), GL induced phyB translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and speckle-like photobody formation with a slower rate, which was reversed by far red light. Further transcriptomic data demonstrated that phyB participated in GL-responsive transcriptional networks in concert with four PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTORS (PIFs, PIF1, PIF3, PIF4, and PIF5). As expected, protein levels of the PIFs were decreased by GL. Similar to RL, GL induced the rapid degradation of PIF3 in a phy-dependent manner. Our results suggest that pure GL (527 nm) leads to the migration of phyB into the nucleus to trigger photomorphogenesis by possibly promoting the degradation of PIFs.
Hotspots and Frontiers of Congenital Biliary Dilatation: A Bibliometric Analysis from 1990 to 2022
Authors: Zheng Chen , Ye Shiru , Zhang Yifan , Diao Mei , Li Long
Published: May 2023

Background
Congenital biliary dilatation (CBD) is a rare malformation in the development of the biliary duct. Since 1990, there have been significant advancements in CBD research and substantial changes in treatment methods. This study aims to identify and evaluate global trends in CBD research over the past 30 years, as well as visualize research hotspots and potential frontiers through bibliometric analysis.
Methods
This study conducted a comprehensive search of CBD articles published from January 1990 to December 2022 in the Web of Science Core Collection database. Visual analysis was performed on the countries, research institutions, authors, keywords, and research frontiers included in the articles using CiteSpace and VOSviewer software.
Results
A total of 1794 articles were published, and the overall number of articles showed an upward trend. The United States, Japan, and China are the top three countries in terms of article output. Juntendo University has the highest number of publications. Li Long, Miyano Takeshi, and Cheng Wei are the top three researchers in terms of publication volume. Co-occurrence analysis of keywords shows that "choledochal cyst", "management", and "children" are the three most important keywords. Keyword co-occurrence forms 19 clusters, and burst citation analysis (2013–2022) identifies 13 cutting-edge keywords. CBD research hotspots mainly focus on diagnosis, minimally invasive surgery, and carcinoma.
Conclusions
This study employs bibliometric analysis to examine the literature on CBD from 1990 to 2022, revealing the development and changes in the field of CBD, identifying three main research hotspots, and exploring potential research frontiers. The findings of this study offer valuable references for researchers in the field of CBD.
Study on Creep Damage Model of Yellow Sandstone with Step Loading and Unloading under the Action of Wetting-drying Cycles
Authors: Qin Zhe , Liu Yongde , Pang Wenlong , Han Jihuan , Liu Wenlong , Feng Qiang
Published: May 2023

This study performs uniaxial compression and step loading and unloading creep tests on rock samples under different wetting-drying cycles with yellow sandstone to investigate the creep characteristics of rock bodies after excavation or excavations with step loading and unloading under external forces. Moreover, it constructs a creep damage model based on the nonlinear rheological theory and damage mechanics to describe the instantaneous elastic strain, instantaneous plastic strain, nonlinear viscoelastic strain, and nonlinear viscoplastic strain of rocks. Besides, it proposes a creep model parameter identification method based on the creep curve characteristics. The results have shown that the action of wetting-drying cycles causes a weakened decrease in elastic modulus, uniaxial compressive strength, and long-term compressive strength of yellow sandstone, in line with the exponential function change relationship. The specimen damage type evolves from shear damage of a single oblique section to conical shear damage of a double oblique section. Additionally, the creep rate is not constant in the steady-state creep stage but constantly changes with time, and the fluctuation range increases with the increase in the wetting-drying cycles. The creep damage model parameters Eme, Emp, Eve, and ηve do not differ much under the same stress condition, and each parameter is influenced by the creep stress σ at a specific law. The Eme, Emp, and σ have a linear relationship, whereas the Eve, ηve, and σ have an exponential one.
Colloidal NafionTM particles: Are Cylinders Ubiquitous?
Authors: Klein Jeffrey M. , Welch Cynthia , Ponnurangam Sathish , Tarokh Atefeh , Karan Kunal , Hawley Marilyn E. , Sokolova Anna , Yim Sung-Dae , Hjelm Rex P. , Kim Yu Seung
Published: May 2023

Colloidal NafionTM morphology plays a critical role in determining the performance of fuel cells and electrolyzers. While previous small angle neutron scattering (SANS) studies described NafionTM in liquid media as dispersed cylinders, the analysis remains non-unique with multiple possible morphological descriptions of the data. Here, we show that NafionTM morphology in liquid media differs substantially from the previously described morphology. SANS and all-atomistic molecular dynamics simulation studies indicate NafionTM dispersed in N-methyl pyrrolidone as swollen cluster particles with physically cross-linked ionic groups. NafionTM dispersion in water has a highly elongated cylindrical morphology (radius = 10 ± 1.5 Å, height = 358 ± 4.7 Å) with fully dissociated and solvated sulfonic acid groups on the particle wall. Our approach describes precise NafionTM particle morphology and chain conformation, which opens a new horizon on the tailored interface design of NafionTM for fuel cells and electrolyzers.
Quantized wrinkle and fracture of stiff membrane on soft film
Authors: Meng Yancheng , Xiang Henggao , Zhang Jianqiang , Hu Zhili , Yin Jun , Li Liqiang , Zhang Zhuhua , Guo Wanlin
Published: May 2023

Stiff membranes on soft substrates tend to wrinkle under compression1–11. The evolution of post-wrinkle instability through wrinkling3,12, period doubling to quadruple folds, and/or creases4,9,11 with increasing compression has been extensively studied, but how to control this intriguing evolution remains challenging. Here, we obtain a scaling law for wrinkle evolution in which a single parameter, consisting of thickness contrast of the soft film to the stiff membrane and a material constant, determines the final instability order of the wrinkle evolution. In sharp contrast to the common view that the thickness effect of soft substrate is negligible as the thickness contrast reaches a few tens, the soft film thickness plays a dominant role for thickness contrast across several orders of magnitude. The law proves to be universal in a sufficiently large range of materials and geometries, thus, should play a general role in controlling the complex behavior of natural and artificial stiff/soft bilayer systems.
Learning from Observations, a Bayesian Solution to the Secretary Problem
Authors: Sorkun Murat Cihan
Published: May 2023

The Secretary Problem is a well-known problem in optimal stopping theory that aims to determine the best strategy for selecting the best option from a pool of candidates. In this study, we focused on three sub-cases of the standard version of the Secretary Problem, which vary based on the availability of candidates' scores: no-information, full-information, and partial-information. First, we validated the existing theoretical solutions by conducting Monte Carlo simulations on generated data for the no-information and full-information cases which constitute the lower (0.37) and the upper (0.58) limits of the win rate, respectively. Then, we developed a Bayesian solution for the partial-information case which continuously learns the distribution of the scores from the interviewed candidates. The simulation results for the proposed solution showed that it is possible to reach the upper win rate limit without knowing any prior information about the population. We also tested the solution on a real dataset (Dutch exam scores) and achieved 0.53 win rate. We expect the proposed algorithm will provide a better solution than the commonly used no-information solution (37% rule) for the real-life applications of the Secretary Problem.
Managing Southern Root-knot Nematode in Kentucky High Tunnels Using Grafted Tomato
Authors: Bajek Victoria , Rudolph Rachel E.
Published: May 2023

Infection by root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.; RKN) leads to root galling and reduces the host plant’s ability to take up water and nutrients. Protected cropping systems, such as high tunnels, create conducive environments for RKN through increased soil temperatures and more intensive crop production. In Kentucky, high tunnel production has increased in the past 10 years, with tomato being the most cultivated high tunnel crop. This has contributed to a lack of rotation and increased pressure from RKN. Tomato grafting with RKN-resistant rootstock is a nonchemical management strategy that has shown promise in other regions of the United States. The primary objective of this 2-year, two-site study (Knox and Boyle Counties) was to determine whether using grafted resistant rootstock could be a viable management strategy in high tunnels naturally infested with Meloidogyne incognita. The rootstocks included ‘Arnold’, ‘Maxifort’, ‘Shin Cheong Gang’, and ‘Estamino’. ‘Primo Red’ and ‘Cherokee Purple’ were the scions and nongrafted controls in Knox and Boyle Counties, respectively. In 2020 and 2021 in Knox County, three of the four grafted treatments produced at least 38% higher yield than the nongrafted control. Grafted treatments had at least 44% fewer RKN eggs/g of dry root compared with the nongrafted control in both years. In 2021 and 2022 in Boyle County, tomato yield was at least five times greater in all four of the grafted treatments compared with the nongrafted control. In 2021, the nongrafted control had three times more RKN eggs/g dried root compared with three of the four grafted treatments. In 2022 in Boyle County, the nongrafted control had four times more RKN eggs/g of dried root than all grafted treatments. In both years and locations, ‘Arnold’ and ‘Estamino’ treatments had higher yield and lower RKN population densities in soil and roots compared with the nongrafted controls. Utilization of resistant rootstock will help Kentucky growers maintain crop productivity in soils infested with RKN, but should be combined with other management methods for long-term resiliency of the high tunnel system.
Collective Monte Carlo updates through tensor network renormalization
Authors: Frías Pérez Miguel , Mariën Michael , Pérez García David , Bañuls Mari Carmen , Iblisdir Sofyan
Published: May 2023

We introduce a Metropolis-Hastings Markov chain for Boltzmann distributions of classical spin systems. It relies on approximate tensor network contractions to propose correlated collective updates at each step of the evolution. We present benchmark computations for a wide variety of instances of the two-dimensional Ising model, including ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic, (fully) frustrated and Edwards-Anderson spin glass instances, and we show that, with modest computational effort, our Markov chain achieves sizeable acceptance rates, even in the vicinity of critical points. In each of the situations we have considered, the Markov chain compares well with other Monte Carlo schemes such as the Metropolis or Wolff’s algorithm: equilibration times appear to be reduced by a factor that varies between 4040 and 20002000, depending on the model and the observable being monitored. We also present an extension to three spatial dimensions, and demonstrate that it exhibits fast equilibration for finite ferro- and antiferromagnetic instances. Additionally, and although it is originally designed for a square lattice of finite degrees of freedom with open boundary conditions, the proposed scheme can be used as such, or with slight modifications, to study triangular lattices, systems with continuous degrees of freedom, matrix models, a confined gas of hard spheres, or to deal with arbitrary boundary conditions.
Land-use and land-cover change and its impact on flood hazard occurrence in Wabi Shebele River Basin of Ethiopia
Authors: Wudineh Fraol Abebe
Published: May 2023

Land-use and land-cover (LULC) changes can impact hydrological conditions such as land surface coefficient, runoff, and infiltration. This study investigates the changes in LULC and its impact on water resources of the Wabi Shebele basin using the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) and a separation method. Surface and groundwater parameters in the northwestern; and soil and surface parameters in the eastern highland and southern lowland parts of the basin are identified as sensitive parameters in water production. The coverage of cropland was increased by 48.63% while forest and woodland decreased by 49.14 and 14.76%, respectively, between the 1980s and 2010. Streamflow simulated during this period indicates increases in those watersheds showing significant cropland increases and forest coverage decreases particularly in Wabi at Dodola, Maribo, Robe, and Erer watersheds. Flood indices (i.e., AMAX, SMW, SMSp, and SMSu) calculated from simulated daily streamflow under different LULC map indicates an increase in the middle and northwestern watersheds up to 1.83 and 0.44%, respectively. The impact level of LULC change on flood discharge shows a comparable level with climate change impact on flood hazard, particularly in the middle part of the basin.
Strains and virulence genes of salmonella with multidrug resistance isolated from chicken carcasses (Hanoi, Vietnam)
Authors:   Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Xuan Da Pham  , Hao Le Thi Hong  ,   National Institute for Food Control, 65 Fam Tan Duat Str., Hanoi, Vietnam, Huyen Tran Thi Thanh  ,   Vinmec Research Institute of Stem cell and Gene Technology, Hai Ba Trung, Hanoi, Vietnam, Long Thanh Le  ,   National Institute for Food Control, 65 Fam Tan Duat Str., Hanoi, Vietnam, Hoa Vinh Le  ,   National Institute for Food Control, 65 Fam Tan Duat Str., Hanoi, Vietnam, Ninh Hanh Thi  ,   National Institute for Food Control, 65 Fam Tan Duat Str., Hanoi, Vietnam, Minh Le Tran  ,   High School for Gifted Students, Hanoi University of Science, 182 Luong The Vinh Str., Hanoi, Vietnam, Nguyen Thanh Trung  ,   National Institute for Food Control, 65 Fam Tan Duat Str., Hanoi, Vietnam
Published: May 2023

Salmonella enterica is one of dangerous food-borne pathogens listed by the World Health Organization (WHO). In Vietnam, poultry is one of the most widely eaten meats and is reported as a common source of S. enterica contamination. The aim of this study was to examine multi-resistant Salmonella strains, to identify susceptibility to antibiotics by using 15 different types of medications and to perform sequencing to analyze antibiotic resistance genes, genotypes, multi-locus sequence-based typing (MLST), and plasmids. The result of the antibiotic susceptibility test indicated that phenotypic resistance to 9–11 types of antimicrobials was confirmed in all strains. Among 06 sequenced strains, we identified 43 genes associated with antibiotic resistance: strains carrying a range of genes that are associated with aminoglycoside resistance (aac(3), aac(6), ant(3), aph(3), aph(6), aadA); all strains carried blaCTX-M-55 or blaCTX-M-65 gene, which were resistant to the 3rd generation antibiotics; there were also frequently observed sul1, sul2, sul3, tet (A), qnrS1, floR, dfrA14 or dfrA27 genes in sequenced isolates. Besides, the genome sequencing also indicated that all strains carried pathogenicity islands SPI 1, SPI 2, and SPI 3 thereby creating many potential triggers of the disease. Additionally, some carried C63PI, SPI 9, SPI 13, SPI 14, and plus some plasmids such as Col156, IncHI2, IncHI2A, IncFIB, Col (MGD2).
To Explore the Putative Molecular Targets of Diabetic Nephropathy and their Inhibition Utilizing Potential Phytocompounds
Authors: Bhattacharjee Banani , Chakrovorty Arnob , Biswas Maharaj , Samadder Asmita , Nandi Sisir
Published: May 2023

Background:

This review critically addresses the putative molecular targets of Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) and screens effective phytocompounds that can be therapeutically beneficial, and highlights their mechanistic modalities of action.

Introduction:

DN has become one of the most prevalent complications of clinical hyperglycemia, with individual-specific variations in the disease spectrum that leads to fatal consequences. Diverse etiologies involving oxidative and nitrosative stress, activation of polyol pathway, inflammasome formation, Extracellular Matrix (ECM) modifications, fibrosis, and change in dynamics of podocyte functional and mesangial cell proliferation adds up to the clinical complexity of DN. Current synthetic therapeutics lacks target-specific approach, and is associated with the development of inevitable residual toxicity and drug resistance. Phytocompounds provides a vast diversity of novel compounds that can become an alternative therapeutic approach to combat the DN.

Method:

Relevant publications were searched and screened from research databases like GOOGLE SCHOLAR, PUBMED and SCISEARCH. Out of 4895 publications, the most relevant publications were selected and included in this article.

Result:

This study critically reviews over 60 most promising phytochemical and provides with their molecular targets, that can be of pharmacological significance in context to current treatment and concomitant research in DN.

Conclusion:

This review highlights those most promising phytocompounds that have the potential of becoming new safer naturally-sourced therapeutic candidates and demands further attention at clinical level.
A Study on Anti-oxidant and Anti-cancer Perspectives of Rutin
Authors: Tiwari Prashant , Mishra Rakhi , Mazumder Rupa , Mazumder Avijit , Singh Ayushi
Published: May 2023

Introduction:

The purpose of this study was to extract, isolate, and evaluate in vitro the antioxidant
and anticancer properties of rutin from Citrus reticulata and Citrus limon.

Background:

Bioflavonoids are a class of polyphenolic secondary metabolites that give plants their
distinctive organoleptic properties. Rutin, also known as rutoside, is a citrus flavonoid that is found in a
variety of plants, including citrus fruits, and has a wide range of pharmacological effects.

Objective:

This investigation's goal was to extract, isolate, and test the antioxidant and anti-cancer
properties of rutin in vitro.

Methods:

By incorporating the appropriate solvent system, the Soxhlet apparatus was used to extract C.
reticulata (R2) and C. limon (R3) from dried peel powder. Column chromatography was used in the
isolation process. Various solvent systems on the basis of their polarity were used to isolate rutin,
which further was evaluated for anti-oxidant and anti-cancer action by the use of in vitro tests.

Results:

Successful extraction and isolation of rutin from two sources were achieved. Additionally,
their antioxidant and anticancer activity was also evaluated by in vitro methods. Both isolated rutins
(R2 and R3) possessed optimal antioxidants in the range of 31.64 to 76.28 g/ml and anticancer activity
with IC50 values of 4 to 7 g/ml, when compared to standard doxorubicin with an IC50 value of 3g/ml. In
the comparison of rutin isolated from C. reticulata with rutin isolated from C. limon, rutin isolated from
C. reticulata was found to be more abundant and more potent in terms of yield and activity.

Conclusion:

The study's findings are clear; Citrus reticulata species have a higher flavonoid and phenolic
content, and the rutin extracted from them is an effective anti-oxidant and anti-cancer agent
against lung cancer. The study can be used as a model for future studies on rutin’s role in cancer.
Inferring the Functional Effect of Gene-body H3K79me2 Signals in Normal
Samples on Gene Expression Changes: A Potential Susceptibility
Marker in Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
Authors: Zhang Lu-Qiang , Hao Yu-Duo , La Ta , Li Qian-Zhong
Published: May 2023

Background:

Current identification of chronic myelogenous leukemia markers tends to mine
diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers, ignoring susceptibility markers in normal samples.

Objective:

We aim to identify possible susceptibility markers for preventing chronic myelogenous leukemia.

Methods:

Functional links of H3K79me2 patterns and gene expression changes were inferred by correlation
analyses. DNase-seq read distribution, transcription factor motifs, and their binding data were acquired
via ceasBW and HOMER. Normalized transcription factor binding signals were submitted to a
random forest algorithm to predict susceptibility gene expression changes. Three strategies were performed
to validate the influence of low H3K79me2 signals on gene expression changes.

Results:

The gene-body H3K79me2 signals in normal samples were negatively related to gene expression
changes during leukemogenesis (ρ=-0.92), regardless of gene lengths and expression levels. Characterization
revealed that genes with lower H3K79me2 signals in normal samples have more open environments.
Transcription factors GATA3, GATA4, TEAD1, TEAD3, TEAD4, and TRPS1 may induce
the upregulation of up-susceptibility genes (ρ=0.95), and ASCL2, IRF4, IRF3, E2A, OCT4, and ZEB2
may mediate the downregulation of down-susceptibility genes (ρ=0.97). Enrichment analysis implied
that the screened susceptibility genes were involved in leukemia-related pathways, and about 50% of
leukemia stem cell differentially expressed genes were included in these genes. Besides, all hub genes
extracted from susceptibility genes were well documented in different leukemia subtypes. Finally, the
effect of H3K79me2 signals on gene expression changes were validated in a mouse model and three cell
models.

Conclusion:

Low gene-body H3K79me2 signals in normal samples may serve as susceptibility markers
for chronic myelogenous leukemia.
Optimization of parameters during filament extrusion
Authors: Balint T.
Published: May 2023

Abstract. This scientific study brings new insights into the field of optimization of parameters in the extrusion of filaments from biodegradable materials. Extrusion is a production process in which metal or plastic materials are pushed through a rigid cross-sectional profile or matrix to form a continuous strip of shaped product (filament). The extrusion process begins by bringing the material in the form of granules, pellets or powders from the hopper to the extruder zone. One of the chapters contains a detailed description of the extrusion of filaments and optimization of parameters. Optimization of parameters consists of real designs and devices designed by the authors of this publication themselves. This study has a significant contribution in the field of material extrusion.
Growth of fatigue cracks in specimens welded under bending with torsion
Authors: Rozumek D.
Published: May 2023

Abstract. The paper presents the results of crack development in specimens welded from S355 steel under bending and torsional loading. Welded joints, as a method of inseparable joining of technical structures, are commonly used in many areas of human activity. The aim of the study was to analyse the influence of the shape of concave and convex fillet joints on the development of fatigue cracks. The experimental tests (fatigue tests) were performed with the use of the fatigue machine MZGS-100, at a constant amplitude of the moment Ma = 9.20 N·m, and the stress ratio R = - 1 with a load frequency of 28.4 Hz.
Development of low-cost high-frequency data acquisition system for energy harvesting applications
Authors: Mech R.
Published: May 2023

Abstract. The presented work describes a method in which, using a dedicated system, it is possible to simultaneously transfer energy and data between two devices. The proposed solution allows for supplying power to the sensor with simultaneous data transmission. The power transmission mechanism is based on the excitation of the structure with a wave, which is converted into electricity by a harvester device. Data transmission is carried out using the Double Frequency F2F procedure, which is a type of frequency modulation.
Canine hindlimb prosthetic research and its manufacturing with the help of additive technology
Authors: Kowalik M.
Published: May 2023

Abstract. The purpose of this article is to develop a model and study an English bulldog endoprosthesis made with the help of additive techniques. An analysis of the literature shows the lack of such studies, including both additive techniques and topological optimization of prostheses. Before starting the actual study, general objectives were developed, which took into account the following: prosthesis assembly, fabrication technologies, fabrication conditions, shape, and range of work of the prosthesis. The dimensions of the prosthesis were identified based on the characteristics of the breed - the English bulldog. In the next step, the technology and construction materials were selected. The modeling of the prosthesis was based on the parameterization of dimensions. The parameters were linked by a skeletal model. Also, the objectives necessary to determine the factor of safety were defined. Boundary conditions were determined for the purpose of numerical calculations. The results in the form of reduced stresses and displacement distributions were presented on the maps. In the next part, topological optimization was performed, assuming the high stiffness of the system. Reduced stress maps and displacement distributions were generated for these results with the help of the FEM method. Validation of numerical calculations with real ones was performed.
Investigation of electromechanical coupling characteristics of a double magnet system
Authors: Mitura A.
Published: May 2023

Abstract. In this work, the experimental results of the electromechanical coupling coefficient identification are presented. The research covers two cases: test with a single magnet (I) and test with a double magnet, where two repelling magnets in one structure are connected (II). In case (I), the analytical description of the electromechanical coupling coefficient was determined. Whereas the analysis of case (II) confirms the superposition principle for interactions between both magnets and a single inductive coil. Finally, the presented analysis proposes some premises which will be used in the future to develop the model with two levitating magnets.
The Effect of Breathing Relaxation Techniques and Body Exercises on The Decrease of Pregnant Women’s Discomforts in The Third Trimester
Authors:   universitas islam sultan agung semarang, Jannah Muliatul , Rahmawati Alfiah ,   universitas islam sultan agung semarang
Published: May 2023

Pregnancy is the most challenging and the happiest phase in every woman’s life in which a mother through physical and psychological changes. These physical changes will lead to discomforts to pregnant women. These discomforts can occur in their third trimester of pregnancy, such as backache, leg cramps, pain in pubic bones, false contraction, insomnia, breathing soreness, and fatigue. Exercise that can be done during pregnancy is practicing breathing techniques and body exercises (Prenatal Yoga). This is because the body stretches the muscles more relaxed, so that blood circulation works properly and the body produces endorphins. This study aimed to find out the effect of breathing relaxation techniques and body exercises on the discomfort decrease in the third trimester of pregnant women. Type of study was Quasi Experiment with Non-Equivalent Control Group approach by examining the pregnant women’s discomforts in the third trimester before (pre-test) and after (post- test) practicing breathing techniques and body exercises (Prenatal Yoga). The population were all the third trimester pregnant women who practiced breathing techniques and body exercises at Kasih Ibu Mother and Child Hospital. The sampling technique used was quota sampling. This study carried out from October to November 2020. The Wilcoxon test results obtained p value = 0.000, then p = 0.000> = 0.05, it can be concluded that there was significant difference between of third trimester pregnant women before and after doing breathing relaxation techniques and exercise body. There is an effect of Prenatal Yoga practice on discomfort in third trimester pregnant women. Key words: Discomforts, Breathing Relaxation Techniques and Body Exercises (Prenatal Yoga)
Penerapan Teknologi Constructed Wetland (CW) dalam Menurunkan Kadar Cemaran pada Air Limbah Domestik
Authors:   Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya, Al Kholif Muhammad , Pungut Pungut ,   Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya, Nezarudin Septian Indra ,   Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya
Published: May 2023

Terjadinya pencemaran badan air akibat pembuangan air limbah domestik di wilayah perkotaan seperti di Gresik sudah menjadi hal yang biasa. Hal ini dapat menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan kualitas air dan dapat mempengaruhi biota air dan kesehatan manusia. Untuk mengurangi timbulan permasalahan yang ada, maka perlu dilakukan suatu penanganan dengan melakukan pengolahan dengan menggunakan teknologi Contructed Wetland (CW). Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan utama yaitu untuk mengidentifikasi efektifitas teknologi CW dalam menghilangkan pencemar COD, DO dan BOD pada air limbah domestik. Teknologi CW yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini dirancang dalam skala laboratorium dengan jumlah reaktor yaitu 3 (tiga) reaktor. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini yaitu perbedaan jenis tanaman, dimana masing-masing reaktor secara berturut-turut diberi tanaman seperti tanaman melati air, bambu air, dan kombinasi dari kedua jenis tanaman. Semua rekator pengolahan menggunakan media tanam dari kerikil dengan ketinggian 20 cm. Pengambilan sampel olahan dilakukan sebanyak 3 kali dengan waktu tinggal selama 12 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa nilai efisiensi terbaik untuk ke-3 reaktor terjadi pada rekator 3 dengan masing-masing nilai efisiensi untuk kadar COD, DO, dan BOD yaitu 19%, 60%, dan 24%.
Factors Predicting Older People’s Acceptance of a Personalized Health Care Service App and the Effect of Chronic Disease: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study
Authors: Koo Jun Hyuk , Park You Hyun , Kang Dae Ryong
Published: May 2023

Background

Mobile health (mHealth) services enable real-time measurement of information on individuals’ biosignals and environmental risk factors; accordingly, research on health management using mHealth is being actively conducted.

Objective

The study aims to identify the predictors of older people’s intention to use mHealth in South Korea and verify whether chronic disease moderates the effect of the identified predictors on behavioral intentions.

Methods

A cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted among 500 participants aged 60 to 75 years. The research hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling, and indirect effects were verified through bootstrapping. Bootstrapping was performed 10,000 times, and the significance of the indirect effects was confirmed through the bias-corrected percentile method.

Results

Of 477 participants, 278 (58.3%) had at least 1 chronic disease. Performance expectancy (β=.453; P=.003) and social influence (β=.693; P<.001) were significant predictors of behavioral intention. Bootstrapping results showed that facilitating conditions (β=.325; P=.006; 95% CI 0.115-0.759) were found to have a significant indirect effect on behavioral intention. Multigroup structural equation modeling testing the presence or absence of chronic disease revealed a significant difference in the path of device trust to performance expectancy (critical ratio=–2.165). Bootstrapping also confirmed that device trust (β=.122; P=.039; 95% CI 0.007-0.346) had a significant indirect effect on behavioral intention in people with chronic disease.

Conclusions

This study, which explored the predictors of the intention to use mHealth through a web-based survey of older people, suggests similar results to those of other studies that applied the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology model to the acceptance of mHealth. Performance expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions were revealed as predictors of accepting mHealth. In addition, trust in a wearable device for measuring biosignals was investigated as an additional predictor in people with chronic disease. This suggests that different strategies are needed, depending on the characteristics of users.
Impact of Multimedia Messaging Service Education and Exercise Social Support on Physical Activity Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Alyahya Mohammad S , Al-Sheyab Nihaya A , Khader Yousef S , Alqudah Jumana A
Published: May 2023

Background

Social support is one of the interpersonal stimuli that define an individual’s predisposition to engage in health-promoting behaviors and is considered a facilitator in improving health habits. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can benefit from educating supportive families and friends on self-care management including exercise behavior. Multimedia messaging service (MMS) could also be an effective method for delivering targeted educational interventions that focus on physical activity (PA).

Objective

This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of MMS educational interventions and perceived social support for exercise on level of PA of patients with T2DM.

Methods

A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design was conducted to recruit 98 patients with T2DM. The intervention group received MMS education aiming to improve exercise social support and PA level for 2 months, and their counterparts in the control group received the usual routine care. We sent 2 to 3 messages daily for 2 weeks from Saturday to Thursday (12 days total). These messages were a combination of videos and texts, and the evidence-based content of these messages was reviewed and approved by the advisory committee. We randomly assigned eligible patients in a 1:1 ratio into the intervention or the control groups. Participants completed a survey in 3 periods.

Results

There were no significant differences in friends’ support, family verbal, practical, or emotional support over time in the intervention group (P>.05). Yet, there was a small effect size (Cohen d) in friends’ social support (0.389), family practical support (0.271), and moderate activities (0.386). A medium effect size was found in family verbal (0.463) and emotional (0.468) support. Being married increased the likelihood of friends’ support by 2.3 times after intervention (P=.04), whereas rarely doing exercise decreased the likelihood of friends’ support by 28% (P=.03) and family practical support by 28% (P=.01). Being female and married increased the likelihood of doing moderate activities by 1.6 times (P=.002) and 1.5 times (P=.049) in the intervention group. Being a housewife decreased the likelihood of doing moderate activities by 20% (P=.001). Finally, being a female with a higher educational level decreased the likelihood of doing hard activities by 20% (P=.04) and 15% (P=.002), respectively.

Conclusions

A theoretically based MMS health education targeting PA levels and social support of family and friends to perform PA seems promising in promoting family and friends’ social support and improving PA levels among patients with T2DM. Actively involving family and friends in educational interventions that target PA can have an impact on health-promoting behaviors in patients with diabetes.
Contribution of the 5G Smart First-Aid Care Platform to Achieving High-Quality Prehospital Care
Authors: Xiang Tao , Zhang Pei Yong , Zhuo Guang Ying , Dai Hang
Published: May 2023

China is gradually becoming an aging society, and the necessity for prehospital first-aid care is increasing. However, there is a long-term information blind spot in traditional prehospital first-aid care. Fifth-generation (5G) network has the advantages of enhanced broadband, multiple connections, and low latency. Combined with the current prehospital first-aid system, the 5G smart medical prehospital first-aid care model creates a new opportunity for the development of prehospital first-aid care. This paper aimed to describe the 5G smart first-aid care platform and offers practical insights into the construction and application of the 5G smart first-aid care platform in small- and medium-sized cities. We first introduced the working principle of the 5G smart first-aid care platform and then chose patients with prehospital chest pain as an example to describe the whole workflow in detail. The application of the 5G smart emergency-care platform is at the stage of pilot exploration in large- and medium-sized cities. Big data statistical analysis of the completed first-aid care tasks has not been performed yet. The 5G smart first-aid care platform realizes real-time interconnection of information between the ambulance and the hospital, performs remote consultation, shortens the treatment time, and enhances treatment efficiency. Future research should focus on quality control analysis of the 5G smart first-aid care platform.
Participant Engagement in Microrandomized Trials of mHealth Interventions: Scoping Review
Authors: Leong Utek , Chakraborty Bibhas
Published: May 2023

Background

Microrandomized trials (MRTs) have emerged as the gold standard for the development and evaluation of multicomponent, adaptive mobile health (mHealth) interventions. However, not much is known about the state of participant engagement measurement in MRTs of mHealth interventions.

Objective

In this scoping review, we aimed to quantify the proportion of existing or planned MRTs of mHealth interventions to date that have assessed (or have planned to assess) engagement. In addition, for the trials that have explicitly assessed (or have planned to assess) engagement, we aimed to investigate how engagement has been operationalized and to identify the factors that have been studied as determinants of engagement in MRTs of mHealth interventions.

Methods

We conducted a broad search for MRTs of mHealth interventions in 5 databases and manually searched preprint servers and trial registries. Study characteristics of each included evidence source were extracted. We coded and categorized these data to identify how engagement has been operationalized and which determinants, moderators, and covariates have been assessed in existing MRTs.

Results

Our database and manual search yielded 22 eligible evidence sources. Most of these studies (14/22, 64%) were designed to evaluate the effects of intervention components. The median sample size of the included MRTs was 110.5. At least 1 explicit measure of engagement was included in 91% (20/22) of the included MRTs. We found that objective measures such as system usage data (16/20, 80%) and sensor data (7/20, 35%) are the most common methods of measuring engagement. All studies included at least 1 measure of the physical facet of engagement, but the affective and cognitive facets of engagement have largely been neglected (only measured by 1 study each). Most studies measured engagement with the mHealth intervention (Little e) and not with the health behavior of interest (Big E). Only 6 (30%) of the 20 studies that measured engagement assessed the determinants of engagement in MRTs of mHealth interventions; notification-related variables were the most common determinants of engagement assessed (4/6, 67% studies). Of the 6 studies, 3 (50%) examined the moderators of participant engagement—2 studies investigated time-related moderators exclusively, and 1 study planned to investigate a comprehensive set of physiological and psychosocial moderators in addition to time-related moderators.

Conclusions

Although the measurement of participant engagement in MRTs of mHealth interventions is prevalent, there is a need for future trials to diversify the measurement of engagement. There is also a need for researchers to address the lack of attention to how engagement is determined and moderated. We hope that by mapping the state of engagement measurement in existing MRTs of mHealth interventions, this review will encourage researchers to pay more attention to these issues when planning for engagement measurement in future trials.
Five Strategies Leaders in Academic Medicine Can Implement Now to Enhance Gender Equity
Authors: Allan Jessica M , Brooks Amber K , Crusto Cindy , Feld Lauren D , Oxentenko Amy S , Spector Nancy D , Verduzco-Gutierrez Monica , Silver Julie K
Published: May 2023

Abundant disparities for women in medicine contribute to many women physicians considering leaving medicine. There is a strong financial and ethical case for leaders in academic medicine to focus on strategies to improve retention. This article focuses on five immediate actions that leaders can take to enhance gender equity and improve career satisfaction for all members of the workplace.
KARAGENIN SEBAGAI MODEL INFLAMASI PADA KULIT MENCIT: GAMBARAN MAKROSKOPIK DAN HISTOPATOLOGIS
Authors: Widyarini Sitarina , Sugiyono Sugiyono , Kristianingrum Yuli Purwandari , Sutrisno Bambang
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat model inflamasi kulit pada punggung mencit betina galur Swiss dengan menggunakan karagenin dengan berbagai konsentrasi. Pada penelitian ini akan digunakan 45 ekor mencit  betina galur Swiss umur 2 bulan yang dibagi dalam tiga kelompok secara acak. Kelompok I diberi karagenin  1%. Kelompok II diberi karagenin 2%, dan kelompok III diberi karagenin 4%. Induksi inflamasi dengan karagenin dilakukan melalui injeksi sub kutan karagenin dengan volume 0,1 mL pada kulit punggung mencit.  Sebelum dilakukan injeksi karagenin tebal lipat kulit (skin-fold thickness) diukur dengan menggunakan jangka sorong digital. Selanjutnya setiap jam setelah injeksi sampai dengan jam ke- 6 pasca injeksi. Hewan coba selanjutnya dietanasi dengan cara dislokasi servikalis pada akhir jam ke-6. Organ kulit diambil dengan memotong kulit pada area dimana injeksi karagenin dilakukan dan selanjutnya diawetkan dengan formalin 10% untuk pemeriksaan histopatologis dengan pewarnaan hematoxylin eosin. Analisis data tebal lipat kulit dianalisis dengan Two Ways Anova dan diikuti dengan post hoc test Tukey test. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan  ada perbedaan bermakna pada tebal lipat kulit antar kelompok perlakuan (p<0,05). Injeksi subkutaneuos karagenin 1%, 2% dan 4% meningkatkan tebal lipat kulit sebesar 35%, 50% dan 60% pada jam pertama pasca injeksi (p<0,05). Inflamasi mild dan moderate  pada bagian dermis ditemukan pasca injeksi karagenin 1% dan 2%. Infamasi severe pada bagian dermis dan panikulus ditemukan pasca injeksi karagenin 4%. Karagenin  dapat dipakai sebagai model inflamasi akut pada kulit punggung mencit.