bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simulation the deformation and damage of a rock massive containing a cavity
Authors: Трофимов Виталий Алексанрович , Шиповский Иван Евгеньевич
Published: January 2021

Карстовые проявления широко распространены во многих регионах и представляют значительную опасность для проживания и хозяйственной деятельности. Воронки возникают при обрушении горных пород над подземными пустотами (пещерами, выработками и т.д.), образовавшимися при карстовом процессе или в результате антропогенного воздействия в массиве горных пород. Однако не каждая карстовая или техногенная полость приводит к разрушению земной поверхности, и, как правило, ее возникновение является неожиданным. В данной работе рассматривается динамика формирования провалов земной поверхности в виде карстовой воронки. Для этого с помощью бессеточного метода сглаженных частиц (SPH) решается геомеханическая задача. Выбранный численный метод позволяет получить решение задачи с учетом больших деформаций и возможных разрушений в процессе изменения напряженно-деформированного состояния. Используется критерий разрушения Друккера-Прагера, параметры которого со временем меняются в соответствии с накоплением повреждений, которые определяют временное развитие процесса разрушения, его начало и скорость.

Karst manifestations are widespread in many regions and pose a significant danger to residence and economic activity. Failing funnels arise during the collapse of rocks over underground voids (caves, workings, etc.), formed during karst formation or in the process of anthropogenic doing in the rock massive. However, not every karst or technogenic cavity gives rise to a failure of the earth’s surface, and as a rule, its occurrence is unexpected. In this work, we consider the dynamics of the formation of dips of the earth’s surface in the form of a collapse pipe. To do this, the geomechanical problem is solved by the meshless code Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH). The method allows to obtain a solution to the problem taking into account large deformations and possible discontinuities in the process of changing the stress-strain state. The Drucker-Prager fracture criterion is used, the parameters of which change over time in accordance with the accumulation of damage, which determines the temporary development of the fracture process, its beginning and speed.
Derechos a la salud sexual y reproductiva entre mujeres de 20­29 años en Panamá
Authors: Chamorro Mojica Fermina , Rodriguez Faride , Stocel Selvis , De León Ruth
Published: January 2021

Introducción: Los derechos a la salud sexual y reproductiva (DSSR) son básicos, y la capacidad de las mujeres para ejercerlos influye en lograr objetivos de desarrollo. Objetivos: Estimar indicadores de DSSR en mujeres de 20-29 años identificando factores asociados. Métodos: Con datos de 2014-2015 de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud Sexual y Reproductiva (ENASSER) se analizaron 1206 casadas/unidas (982 con demanda de planificación familiar, 1082 con hijos, y 978 usuarias de anticonceptivos), midiéndose la violencia conyugal en el último año, conocimiento sobre prevención del VIH, demanda satisfecha con anticonceptivos modernos, atención profesional al parto y autonomía. Se utilizó la regresión logística multivariada para probar asociaciones. Resultados: Padeció violencia conyugal 13.0%, tenía conocimiento sobre prevención del VIH 38.8%, satisfacía su demanda de planificación familiar con métodos modernos 62.0%; recibió atención profesional al parto 81.1%; y mostró autonomía 10.3%. Las oportunidades relativas ajustadas (ORa) de violencia conyugal eran mayores en mujeres que la justificaban ORa=1.92;IC95%:1.09-3.39); el conocimiento sobre prevención del VIH aumentaba con la escolaridad (ORa=1.13;IC95%:1.04-1.22); la satisfacción de la demanda con métodos modernos era menor si justificaban la violencia conyugal (ORa=0.42; IC95%:0.20-0.85) y mayor en aquellas con una mayor percepción de empoderamiento (ORa=2.33;IC95%:1.15-5.00). Las ORa de atención profesional en el último parto disminuyen cuando aumentaba la edad (ORa=0.72; IC95%:0.62-0.84), y era menor si experimentaron matrimonio infantil (ORa=0.43; IC 95%:0.19-0.95). Las ORa de mayor autonomía resultaron menores en casadas (ORa=0.22; IC 95%:0.10-0.47) y amas de casa (ORa=0.53; IC 95%:0.28-0.98). Conclusiones: El ejercicio de DSSR y sus factores asociados constituyen desafíos al diseño de políticas públicas.
Embolismo pulmonar agudo en pacientes con neumonía por SARS-COV2. Serie de Casos
Authors: Villareal Olmedo , Pinilla Lizeth , Trejos Sabrina
Published: January 2021

El síndrome respiratorio agudo severo coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) descrito en Wuhan, China a finales del 2019, ha causado más de 9 millones de infecciones en el mundo, y más de 480 mil muertes. En Panamá se han reportado más de 28 mil casos, y más de 500 muertes por COVID-19. Se ha observado un alto riesgo de complicaciones trombóticas, probablemente como consecuencia del daño vascular asociado con la infección viral y la inflamación severa, con la contribución patógena de las plaquetas que interactúan con la pared vascular y los leucocitos. Describimos 3 casos de pacientes hospitalizados en un hospital general en la provincia de Panamá, República de Panamá. Dos hombres y una mujer, edad promedio 40.6 años, estadía hospitalaria promedio de 35.3 días; ingresados con diagnóstico de neumonía por SARS-COV-2, niveles elevados de dimero D (> 5 ug/mL), riesgo bajo calculado para embolia pulmonar. Encontrando embolia pulmonar aguda en las ANGIO tomografía y en un caso acompañado de trombosis venosa profunda. Todos recibían dosis profiláctica de heparina de bajo peso molecular. Se necesitan algoritmos para identificar a aquellos susceptibles de desarrollar complicaciones trombóticas y enfermedades graves, determinar el papel de los biomarcadores y sistemas de puntuación para estratificar el riesgo.
Quy trình đặt bệnh xạ trị trục não tủy với kỹ thuật điều biến thể tích theo cung tròn bằng máy Truebeam Bệnh viện Ung bướu Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh
Authors: Le Anh Phuong
Published: January 2021

The purpose of external beam radiation therapy is to precisely deliver a specified dose into target volumes, while minimizing radiation dose to at-risk organs (OARs). Radiation therapy requires precision throughout entire process from simulation to planning and administering radiation therapy. Cranial Spinal Irradiation (CSI) is a complex technique, due to the large target volumes and the limited field-size of the accelerator machine, requiring multiple isocenters and coupling fields. The irradiation field coupling must be highly accurate. Setup errors lead to field-overlaping resulting in OARs overdose and recurrence risk due to underdose to target volumes. New radiation techniques which help highly optimizing radiation dose to the target volumes and better protecting organs at risk, even require more accuracy in setting up process. Here, we introduce the patient setting up procedure using for VMAT- CSI process at the TrueBeam machine in Ho Chi Minh City Cancer Hospital.
Egy késő-Ming kétnyelvű glosszárium helyreállításának tanulságai
Authors: Apatóczky Ákos Bertalan
Published: January 2021

The author introduces his research into the linguistic and philological historyof the bilingual chapters (Yibu 譯部) of the late Ming military treatise, theLulongsai lüe 盧龍塞略 (LLSL). He argues that the linguistic data of thework hitherto treated as a representative of an Early Mandarin and a MiddleMongol linguistic state cannot be viewed as such, since all material of thecompilation was in fact copied from other earlier works. Proofs for all theunveiled sources are introduced along with the shockingly few occurrencesof original entries of the LLSL Yibu. A key consequence of the research isthat this linguistic data due to its heterogeneity cannot be used to demonstrate 17th century linguistic status.
A hegyek rituális szerepe a Shang-korban
Authors: Kósa Gábor
Published: January 2021

The two major groups of primary sources deriving from the Shang 商 dynasty are that of bronze vessels and oracle bones. The inscriptions preserved onthe latter predominantly offer an insight into the religious realm of this earlyChinese dynasty: offerings were directed to the pre-dynastic and dynasticancestors of the royal lineage, as well as to various divine representatives ofnature. The inscriptions, among others, attest to the cult of a mountain peak(yue 岳). The present study explores the inscriptions related to this earlymountain cult, and attempts to clarify certain emerging problems.
A xianbeiek sztyeppei jelenléte és a Xiongnu Birodalom bukása
Authors: Balogh Mátyás
Published: January 2021

Since the late 3rd century B.C., the Northern steppes, i.e. the steppe zonesituated north of China, south of the Baikal region and between the rangesof the Altai and Hingan mountains, were dominated by a succession of nomadic peoples. The first people that established a highly centralized polity,daresay an empire, on the steppes were the Xiongnu. The demise of theirempire was brought about by a constellation of a number of factors; internaldivision, Chinese military expeditions, loss of strategically crucial territoriesand defections of allies as a result. Towards the end of the 1st century A.D.,one of their former allies, the Xianbei took over the old Xiongnu territories,but failed to establish a centralized rule on the steppes. The Xianbei ruler,who united all the steppe tribes under his control and created an ephemeraltribal alliance that somewhat resembled the Xiongnu Empire, appeared aslate as the mid-2nd century, and even this unity came to an end less than thirtyyears later.
Permanent International Altaistic Conference 60
Authors: Apatóczky Ákos Bertalan
Published: January 2021

A Permanent International Altaistic Conference (PIAC) 60. jubileumi ülésszakát 2017-ben a Károli Gáspár Református Egyetem BölcsészettudományiKar Keleti Nyelvek és Kultúrák Intézetének (KRE BTK KNYKI) szervezésében tartották meg Székesfehérváron augusztus 27. és szeptember 1. között.
A hagyományos kabuki és a shinpa háborúja a 19–20. század fordulóján
Authors: Doma Petra
Published: January 2021

After the Meiji restoration 明治維新 (1868), Western culture flooded intoJapan. This effect not only changed the political, economical and social lifebut also caused an enormous shock in people’s everyday life. The absolutelydominant and traditional Japanese theatre, the kabuki was no exception tothis tendency either. At the beginning kabuki was planned to be reformed inorder to cope with the new challenges, but eventually it could not be renewed.In addition, a new theatrical genre was born in the 1880’s, which defined itself in opposition to kabuki. The new school, called shinpa, applied severalmodern techniques, therefore it became extremely popular with the audience.This study focuses on the vivid competition, or even ‘battle’, of the kabukiand shinpa at the beginning of the 20th century.
Japanológiai bédekker: Farkas Ildikó – Sági Attila (szerk.): Kortárs japanológia I.
Authors: Wintermantel Péter
Published: January 2021

Japanológiai bédekkerFarkas Ildikó – Sági Attila (szerk.):Kortárs japanológia I.Budapest, KRE – L’Harmattan, 2015.
Taoista nézőpontok a nyelvértelmezésben és értékelméletben II.
Authors: Várnai András
Published: January 2021

The Taoist teaching breaks with the Confucian standards, norms and values.The discernment and striving of the wise (shengren 聖人) were focused oncomplying with dao 道. The internal strain of Laozi is due particularly to the fact that that insome way it says something about 'the unspeakable' and while ‘speaking theineffability’ it declares the dao to be incomprehensible and unfathomable.The human construction of opinion creates “names” (ming 名), but any denomination will spoil the harmony between dao and de 德. Knowledge whichcannot be expressed in words is the ‘knowledge’ of the “sage man” (shengren聖人), which introduces into the “influence”, the “operation” (de 德) of thehidden, non-experienceable dao. By “non-action” (wuwei 無為) the “sageman” will achieve non-intervention; that is to say, identifying with the daohelps it to be presented through him. The Zhuangzi, questioning the method of cognition based on distinctions,will ask whether it is possible to talk about “reality” (shi 實), or our solutionsare illusory, since a name is merely “pointing a finger” (zhi 指), “the nameis the guest of reality”. For the shengren there is no “this” (shi 是) or “that”(bi 彼), or privilege of any object or value: he sees things in unity, in theunity of dao. Teaching about dao cannot be conveyed by words: understanding of things is only possible by direct intuitive insight. The Laozi presents the Confucian values – such as “ceremony” (li 禮),“humanity” (ren 仁), “fairness” (yi 義), “respect for parents” (xiao 孝) - as aconsequence of the loss of the dao. According to the Zhuangzi, access tothe dao requires departure from “All-Under-Heaven” (tianxia 天下), fromthe hierarchical world of people, from civilization.
Magyarországon élő kínai állampolgárok társadalmi integrációs szokásainak a vizsgálata
Authors: Knyihár Eszter
Published: January 2021

This article seeks to identify the general patterns of societal integration amongChinese immigrants in Hungary based on quantitative research conducted bythe author with the involvement of 167 participants. The author pays close attention to the complexity of the Chinese diaspora regarding general backgroundinformation and three measurable aspects of integration: acculturation, placement and identification. Analysing the findings of this research, the authorfound that Chinese migrants in Hungary, while maintaining strong and activelinks with China, also display positive attitudes towards societal integrationin Hungary. It also emerges that Chinese migrants show general interest towards the host society’s customs and culture, and many of them can speak orare willing to learn Hungarian. The findings of this research show that certainchanges may have occurred in the Chinese diaspora in Hungary, which callfor further research and new policies.
Az aszkézis módjai az Udumbarika-sutta három kínai fordításában
Authors: Kósa Gábor
Published: January 2021

The Udumbarika-sutta is the 25th text of the Dīghanikāya in the Pāli Canon, and has three Chinese translations: 1. Youtanpoluo jing 優曇婆邏經 [T01n0026] (4th c.); 2. Santuona jing 散陀那經 [T01n0001p0047a17–49b25] (5th c.); 3. Nijutuo fanzhi jing 尼拘陀梵志經 [T01n0011p0223a09–p0223b28] (10th c.). In this paper I compare the three versions to show that they offer surprisingly different descriptions of ascetic practices; these differences may be traced back to the school affiliations of the translators.
Civilizáció, modernizáció: Japán a 19. században
Authors: Farkas Mária Ildikó
Published: January 2021

Karube Tadashi: Toward the Meiji revolution. The Search for „Civilization” in Nineteenth-Century Japan. JPIC Tokyo, 2019. Japan Publishing Industry Foundation for Culture. transl. by David Noble, from „Ishin kakumei” e no michi: „Bunmei” o motomeru jūkyū seiki Nihon Shinchosha Publishing Co., Ltd. 2017
Soft power „kínai módra”
Authors: Csikó Anna
Published: January 2021

This paper introduces and examines Confucius Institutes (CI) as part of China’s soft power – with a special focus on the problems regarding the CI’s in Hungary. I also intend to analyse what kind of picture of the CI’s the mediapresents and how realistic this image is. I will discuss in two separate chapters the most serious accusations made against the CI’s (spreading Chinese propaganda, violation of human rights and academic freedom and spying forChina) because I consider that these topics provide valuable insights into the considerable influence exercised by the media even in the case of assessing educational and cultural institutions. The term “soft power” was introduced by Joseph Nye in 1990, referring to the ability to make the image of one’s country desirable abroad by using culture, ideology or institutions. But China had already discovered in the 80s how important culture and language can be as means to obtain power without recourse to “hard” methods. In 1987 China established Hanban; the first experimental CI was set up in 2004 in Uzbekistan and the first official CI was founded in South Korea in the same year. As of April, 2020 there are 540 CI’s world-wide, according to Hanban’s website, which clearly indicates that the CI’s are hugely successful. In Hungary there are currently 5 CI’s.
Migráció és rendészet
Authors: Vajkai Edina
Published: January 2021

The evaluation of the tasks that are still arising today, the analysis of the effects of the measures taken to deal with each situation is only a snapshot in the case of a dynamic phenomenon such as migration. The authors provided insight into their own field of expertise.
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -308G/A Polymorphism Associated with Increased Risk for Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Medan City, Indonesia
Authors: Sinaga Bintang Yinke Magdalena , Amir Zainuddin
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND: Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays a role in immune response against tuberculosis (TB) infection. Polymorphism in TNF-α gene may be associated with susceptibility to pulmonary TB (PTB).
AIM: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether TNF-α-308G/A gene polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to PTB in Medan city, Indonesia.
METHODS: This is a case–control study with 100 PTB patients and 100 healthy control. TNF-α polymorphism genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction fragment length polymorphism method.
RESULTS: There were 200 participants enrolled in this study. Most of the participants were male and were in the age range of 20–39 years. Genotyping examination revealed that in the TB group, AG and GG genotype was found in 80 people (80%) and 20 people (20%), respectively. There were no TB patients with AA genotypes. Whereas, in the control group, subjects with AA, AG, and GG genotypes were 2 (2%), 47 (47%), and 51 (51%), respectively. Statistical analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between TNF-α-308 G/A polymorphism and PTB, in which individuals with AG genotypes were 4.3 times more likely to suffer PTB compared to GG genotype (p < 0.001, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.31–8.15). Further analysis showed that A allele increased the risk of TB incidence by 1.94-fold compared to the G allele (p = 0.002, 95% CI 1.27–2.98).
CONCLUSIONS: There was a significant relationship between TNFα-308 G/A gene polymorphism and the susceptibility to PTB and A allele increases the risk of pulmonary TB compared to G allele.
A Histologic and Histomorphometric Analysis of Bone Tissue Regeneration with Perforated Bone Allograft in Rabbit Femur Defect
Authors: Tuleubaev B. E. , Kamyshansky E. K. , Saginova Saginova Dina , Tashmetov E. R. , Koshanova A. A.
Published: January 2021

AIM: The aim of this study is to provide a comparative histopathological evaluation of the regeneration of bone defect filling with perforated antibiotic-impregnated bone allograft.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-two healthy rabbits (24 rabbits in each group) were used for this study. Bone defects (3-mm diameter, 10-mm depth) were created in the femur. Human femoral head prepared according to the Marburg bone bank system was used as a bone allograft. The control group did not receive any filling. The experimental groups were as follows: Group 1 – the defects were filled with bone allografts and Group 2 – Perforated gentamycin-impregnated bone allografts. The animals were euthanized after 14, 30, and 60 days. Evaluations consisted of histology at 14-, 30-, and 60-days post-surgery.
RESULTS: A mature bone formation in the group without a bone allograft occurred after 30 days and the group with an allograft after 14 days. In the groups with an allograft, a bone marrow defect was noted as complete closure after 30 days. Histomorphometric analysis showed that in the group with an antibiotic-impregnated bone, allograft leads to increased resorption of the allograft in the intramedullary space compared to group without antibiotic.
CONCLUSION: We believe that a perforated allograft as a result of clinical trials may be obvious and economically affordable in the treatment of bone defects. The use of gentamycin-impregnated bone allografts may be of value in the prevention and treatment of bone infections.
Effort fiscal en Afrique subsaharienne : les résultats d’une nouvelle base de données
Authors: Caldeira Émilie , Compaore Ali , Dama Alou Adessé , Mansour Mario , Rota-Graziosi Grégoire
Published: January 2021

Cet article propose (i) une nouvelle base de données des recettes fiscales de 42 pays d’Afrique subsaharienne sur la période 1980-2015, (ii) une estimation de l’effort fiscal pour ces pays et (iii) une réplication d’estimations précédentes de l’effort fiscal. La base de données provient des statistiques du Département Afrique du Fond Monétaire International (FMI). Elle distingue les recettes fiscales issues du secteur des ressources naturelles des autres secteurs de l’économie. Sur la période étudiée, les recettes fiscales (hors ressources naturelles) des pays étudiés s’élèvent en moyenne à 13,2 % du PIB, l’effort fiscal moyen est estimé à 0,57. En d’autres termes, ces pays pourraient atteindre un ratio recettes fiscales sur PIB de 23,2 % si tout leur potentiel fiscal était exploité. Comme dans les analyses précédentes, le niveau de développement des pays apprécié par le revenu par habitant, leur développement financier et leur ouverture commerciale améliorent les recettes fiscales, alors que la dotation en ressources naturelles et le poids du secteur agricole réduisent celles-ci. Finalement, au-delà de l’originalité de la base de données elle-même et des résultats empiriques, ce travail contribue explicitement au principe de réplication en proposant une application en ligne ( https://data.cerdi.uca.fr/taxeffort/ ). Codes JEL : H20, O11, O23.
Faire de l’anthropologie linguistique avec Charles S. Peirce
Authors: Masquelier Bertrand
Published: January 2021

L’un des cadres analytiques de l’anthropologie linguistique aux États-Unis et au Canada se présente comme une (méta) pragmatique de l’indexicalité. Ce cadre de travail est inspiré par les écrits de Charles S. Peirce (1839-1914) sur le signe. La lecture de Peirce a transformé le contexte des débats au sein de l’anthropologie sociale et linguistique nord-américaine au cours des quelques quarante dernières années. Cet article présente les présupposés qu’inspire la sémiotique pragmatique de Peirce. Il explore les façons dont les travaux de Peirce sont recontextualisés dans le champ des enquêtes de l’anthropologie sociale et linguistique.
Agencements et indexicalités : signifier la subjectivation politique
Authors: Canut Cécile
Published: January 2021

Comment se dit la subjectivation politique ? L’émancipation est-elle observable dans le langagier ? Comment l’appréhender d’un point de vue sociolinguistique ? À partir d’une recherche entamée depuis plus de dix années en Bulgarie au sein d’un quartier dit « tsigane », cet article tente de répondre à ces questions en articulant deux approches : l’anthropologie linguistique américaine, et plus précisément la métapragmatique initiée par Michael Silverstein, et la théorisation de l’agencement proposée par Gilles Deleuze et Félix Guattari. Il en résulte que, mise en exergue par le biais de l’analyse du rôle de l’indexicalisation, la subjectivation se pose en termes de rapports émergeant d’agencements, eux-mêmes issus de changements de positionnements à même de produire des transformations sociales. C’est donc par la mise en jeu permanente des indices et des contextes, leurs redéfinitions et leur création, que des significations nouvelles émergent.
Un monde privé sous contrainte
Authors: Millet Mathias , Thin Daniel
Published: January 2021

Cet article interroge, à partir du cas de familles populaires ayant un enfant en rupture scolaire et pris en charge par un dispositif relais, la manière dont l’école intervient dans la structuration des rapports aux institutions auxquelles elles ont affaire. Il interroge les répercussions que les épreuves durables de la scolarité et les actions de prise en charge qui en découlent peuvent avoir sur les dimensions « privées » de ces vies familiales (et les pratiques éducatives qui relèvent en temps ordinaire des prérogatives parentales) en étant ainsi travaillées par les dimensions « publiques » de l’intervention institutionnelle (susceptible de s’arroger un droit de regard sur les pratiques socialisatrices par exemple). Il questionne ainsi les transformations que ces prises en charge peuvent générer dans les pratiques et représentations familiales de l’école, ainsi que la façon dont la multiplication des interventions institutionnelles qui accompagnent souvent les prises en charge des ruptures scolaires peut conduire les familles à jouer des différentes logiques institutionnelles à l’œuvre et à y puiser des ressources dans la contrainte.
Imperfect Credibility versus No Credibility of Optimal Monetary Policy
Authors: Chatelain Jean-Bernard , Ralf Kirsten
Published: January 2021

Une crédibilité minimale de la banque centrale, avec une probabilité non nulle de ne pas revenir sur son engagement, est une condition nécessaire pour ancrer les anticipations d’inflation et garantir le retour de l’inflation vers sa cible de long terme. En revanche, l’absence complète de crédibilité, avec la certitude que la banque centrale reviendra sur son engagement (« discrétion optimale »), implique une bifurcation de la dynamique de l’inflation vers des trajectoires déflationnistes ou hyperinflationnistes. Dans l’exemple de la courbe de Phillips des nouveaux keynésiens, la politique optimale à très faible crédibilité impose une réponse de l’instrument de politique monétaire aux écarts de l’inflation de signe opposé à la politique de discrétion optimale, ce qui explique cette bifurcation.
Sens commun et métaphysique selon Claude Buffier
Authors: Bardout Jean-Christophe
Published: January 2021

Comme nombre de ses contemporains, Buffier conçoit la métaphysique comme une théorie des principes généraux de la connaissance humaine, principes sur lesquels se fondent les sciences. Dans ce cadre, il est nécessaire de considérer les vérités générales premières et leur origine, ainsi que de mettre en évidence le critère de leur certitude. Dans cette perspective, le sens commun est compris comme la source première de notre connaissance. Buffier apparaît ainsi être le premier penseur du sens commun, qu’il élève au statut de faculté cognitive pleine et entière. Le sens commun n’est plus opposé à la métaphysique abstraite mais devient son premier opérateur.
Les principes du sens commun face à la norme de l’évidence
Authors: Thébert Angélique
Published: January 2021

Quiconque veut croire de manière appropriée devrait obéir à la règle de l’évidence qui veut que l’on croie que p si et seulement si l’on a des raisons suffisantes de croire qu’il est vrai que p . En tout autre cas, le doute s’impose. Pourtant, il existe des croyances qui ne respectent pas cette règle : les principes du sens commun. Même si nous croyons en eux sans disposer de raisons suffisantes pour attester de leur vérité, cette attitude n’est pas intellectuellement illégitime. Ainsi, nous sommes en droit de croire que nos pouvoirs intellectuels sont fiables, à défaut de disposer de raisons suffisantes, et même en dépit de raisons de douter. Nous n’avons pas à choisir entre la suspension du jugement et la thèse fidéiste selon laquelle les principes du sens commun relèvent de la foi, conçue comme étant distincte des croyances. L’idée de Reid que les principes du sens commun sont des croyances authentiques en lesquelles nous avons confiance ou foi permet d’échapper à ce dilemme : la foi n’est pas une réponse au doute, un saut qu’on décide de faire faute de mieux. C’est une foi primitive, sans laquelle on ne peut pas évaluer l’évidence. Il en résulte que 1) une telle foi peut être conservée en dépit de raisons de douter, car elle n’est pas acquise du fait de raisons et 2) la compatibilité avec les principes du sens commun est une règle doxastique qui a priorité sur la règle de l’évidence.
Five-Year Occurrence and Management of Central Toxic Keratopathy After Femtosecond Laser–Assisted LASIK
Authors: Moshirfar Majid , Hall MacGregor N. , West William B. , McCabe Shannon E. , Miller Chase M. , West David G. , Shmunes Kathryn M. , Hoopes Phillip C.
Published: January 2021

PURPOSE:

To report the 5-year occurrence, management, and outcomes of 12 eyes diagnosed as having central toxic keratopathy (CTK) after femtosecond laser–assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK).

METHODS:

A retrospective chart review was conducted on 20,622 FS-LASIK procedures performed at a single site from January 2015 to December 2019 to identify patients diagnosed as having central toxic keratopathy. Preoperative and postoperative visual acuity, refraction, and imaging were recorded and analyzed.

RESULTS:

CTK occurred in 12 eyes of 8 patients after FSLASIK. A total of 75% of eyes were diagnosed during an outbreak that happened over 2 months and the remaining 25% were considered sporadic. Five eyes were treated with flap lift and irrigation and 7 eyes were treated non-surgically. The average time to resolution of CTK in eyes that underwent flap lift and irrigation was 53 days compared to 33 days in eyes treated non-surgically. All 5 eyes treated with flap lift and irrigation ultimately achieved uncorrected distance visual acuity of 0.1 logMAR or better, whereas only 3 of 7 eyes treated non-surgically achieved the same. At the final postoperative visit, the eyes treated with flap lift and irrigation measured on average 14 µm thinner and 1.60 diopters (D) flatter than the expected postoperative pachymetry and keratometry, respectively. Those treated non-surgically were on average 28 µm thinner and 1.70 D flatter than expected.

CONCLUSIONS:

CTK is a rare complication of FS-LASIK but can occur in clusters. Although management of CTK is debated, flap lift and irrigation may lead to better visual acuity and refractive and anatomic outcomes in some cases.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2021;37(1):25–31.]
Risk Evaluation of Human Corneal Stromal Lenticules From SMILE for Reuse
Authors: Shang Yanfeng , Li Yu , Wang Zhiqun , Sun Xuguang , Zhang Fengju
Published: January 2021

PURPOSE:

To investigate the pathogenicity and immunogenicity of human corneal stromal lenticules from small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).

METHODS:

Serological testing was completed prior to sample collection to rule out infectious diseases. Pathogens herpes simplex viruses (HSV) type 1 and type 2 were screened for by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and bacteria, fungi, andAcanthamoebafrom 128 lenticules of 64 patients were cultured. A total of 132 lenticules from 93 patients were randomly assigned to the fresh group, −78 °C anhydrous glycerol preservation group (glycerol group), and 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate decellularization group (SDS group) in pairs and detected by immunohistochemistry, Western blot, transmission electron microscopy, transmittance, and nanoindentation.

RESULTS:

The fresh lenticules were all negative for HSV-1, HSV-2, bacteria, fungi, andAcanthamoeba. HLA-I A/B/C and HLA-II DR antigens were all expressed in fresh lenticules but were clearly reduced after preservation at −78 °C in anhydrous glycerol or decellularization in 0.1% SDS. The collagen fibers of the lenticules in the fresh group were regularly arranged, and the keratocytes were intact. The fibers in the glycerol group were regularly arranged, and the integrity of keratocytes was destroyed. The fibers in the SDS group were disordered and had no cellular structure. The transmittance and Young's modulus were highest in the fresh group, lower in the glycerol group, and lowest in the SDS group.

CONCLUSIONS:

Risk of infection is low, but risk of rejection exists on the reuse of fresh human corneal stromal lenticules from SMILE. Anhydrous glycerol preservation at −78 °C is an ideal method for reducing antigens without damaging the structure and function of lenticules.

[J Refract Surg. 2021;37(1):32–40.]
Correction: Fekete-Szegö problem for Bi-Bazilevič functions related to Shell-like curves
Authors: Orhan Halit ,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey, Magesh Nanjundan , Abirami Chinnasamy ,   Post-Graduate and Research Department of Mathematics, Government Arts College for Men, Krishnagiri 635001, Tamilnadu, India,   Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM University, Kattankulathur-603203, Tamilnadu, India
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this note is to give some mistyping corrections for our published article in [1].
Dynamic Belief Elicitation
Authors: Chambers Christopher P. , Lambert Nicolas S.
Published: January 2021

At an initial time, an individual forms a belief about a future random outcome. As time passes, the individual may obtain, privately or subjectively, further information, until the outcome is eventually revealed. How can a protocol be devised that induces the individual, as a strict best response, to reveal at the outset his prior assessment of both the final outcome and the information flows he anticipates and, subsequently, what information he privately receives? The protocol can provide the individual with payoffs that depend only on the outcome realization and his reports. We develop a framework to design such protocols, and apply it to construct simple elicitation mechanisms for common dynamic environments. The framework is general: we show that strategyproof protocols exist for any number of periods and large outcome sets. For these more general settings, we build a family of strategyproof protocols based on a hierarchy of choice menus, and show that any strategyproof protocol can be approximated by a protocol of this family.
Media Capture Through Favor Exchange
Authors: Szeidl Adam , Szucs Ferenc
Published: January 2021

We use data from Hungary to establish two results about the relationship between the government and the media. (i) We document large advertising favors from the government to connected media, and large corruption coverage favors from connected media to the government. Our empirical strategy exploits sharp reallocations around changes in media ownership and other events to rule out market‐based explanations. (ii) Under the assumptions of a structural model, we distinguish between owner ideology and favor exchange as the mechanism driving favors. We estimate our model exploiting within‐owner changes in coverage for identification and find that both mechanisms are important. These results imply that targeted government advertising can meaningfully influence content. Counterfactuals show that targeted advertising can also influence owner ideology, by making media ownership more profitable to pro‐government connected investors. Our results are consistent with qualitative evidence from many democracies and suggest that government advertising affects media content worldwide.
Predicting Factors that Influence Students’ Learning Outcomes Using Learning Analytics in Online Learning Environment
Authors: Ulfa Saida , Fatawi Izzul
Published: January 2021

The application of online learning has increased significantly, recently. One of the key successes in online learning is student interactions. An active learning strategy would engage the students to interact with the course or to get involved in the learning process. The objective of this research was to predict which one of the student activities that would improve the learning outcome of the students? All the activities are related to non-human interaction. One of the activities is concept mapping. All the students’ activities in online learning were stored in LMS and the data generated as a learning analytics. A linear regression method was used to analyze the data. This research confirmed that working on exercises by using concept mapping yields significant results in improving the learning outcome of students.
Antecedents of Blackboard Adoption by Lecturers at a South African Higher Education Institution – Extending GETAMEL
Authors: Matarirano Obert , Jere Nobert Rangarirai , Sibanda Hlanganani Siqondile , Panicker Manoj
Published: January 2021

Learning Management Systems (LMS) have become central to the teaching and learning in Higher Education Institutions (HEI). The aim of this paper was to test the constructs of the General Extended Technology Acceptance Model for e-Learning (GETAMEL) and some selected constructs from the other Technology Acceptance Models (TAM) on adoption and use of Black-board LMS by lecturers at a selected university in South Africa. A cross sec-tional electronic survey was carried out to obtain data from 101 lecturers, who were conveniently sampled to express their perceptions on BLMS. Structural equation modelling, utilising SmartPLS3, was used to analyse the collected data. The results confirmed that behavioural intention (BI) influ-enced actual use whilst BI in turn was influenced by perceived usefulness (PU) and subjective norm (SN). Attitude was influenced by PU but had no significant effect on BI. The external factors that influenced perceived ease of use (PEOU) included perceived enjoyment (ENJOY), system self-efficacy (SE), and system anxiety (ANX) whilst PU was influenced by job relevance (JR) and PEOU. University management at the HEI under study should con-sider the determinants of SE, ENJOY and ANX if they need effective utilisation of Blackboard by the lecturers. The study findings imply that a LMS that is adopted and used is one that is considered useful, otherwise users will be reluctant to use it. The findings can assist HEIs in preparing their lecturers before implementation of any e-learning systems, such as training and technical support, thus, enhancing LMS adoption and utilisation. This study contributes to the body of knowledge on antecedents of LMS adoption and use. In addition, it establishes the applicability of GETAMEL in a South African university context.
Utilizing Text Mining and Feature-Sentiment-Pairs to Support Data-Driven Design Automation Massive Open Online Course
Authors: Dina Nasa Zata , Yunardi Riky Tri , Firdaus Aji Akbar
Published: January 2021

This study aimed to develop a case-based design framework to analyze online us-er reviews and understanding the user preferences in a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) content-related design. Another purpose was to identify the fu-ture trends of MOOC content-related design. Thus, it was an effort to achieve da-ta-driven design automation. This research extracts pairs of keywords which are later called Feature-Sentiment-Pairs (FSPs) using text mining to identify user preferences. Then the user preferences were used as features of an MOOC content-related design. An MOOC case study is used to implement the proposed framework. The online reviews are collected from www.coursera.org as the MOOC case study. The framework aims to use these large scale online review data as qualitative data and converts them into quantitative meaningful infor-mation, especially on content-related design so that the MOOC designer can de-cide better content based on the data. The framework combines the online re-views, text mining, and data analytics to reveal new information about users’ preference of MOOC content-related design. This study has applied text mining and specifically utilizes FSPs to identify user preferences in the MOOC content-related design. This framework can avoid the unwanted features on the MOOC content-related design and also speed up the identification of user preference.
Formation of Legal Competence of Future Bachelors of Psychological and Pedagogical Education
Authors: Nagovitsyn Roman Sergeevich , Berezhnykh Elena Aleksandrovna , Popovic Alexey Emilievich , Srebrodolsky Oleg Vladimirovich
Published: January 2021

This article presents the author’s vision of the content and technology of forming the legal competence of future teachers and psychologists, which includes six synergistically interrelated competencies: legislative, regulatory, ethical, social, informational and psychological. The purpose of the study: to develop didactic games for students - future bachelors of psychological and pedagogical education and experimentally prove the effectiveness of their implementation in extracurricular activities to form their legal competence. Based on the analysis of various educational technologies for the formation of students' legal competencies, a special set of didactic games has been identified and systematized. The scientific novelty of the author’s research lies in the originality of the approach to the independent implementation by students of didactic games in extracurricular activities on the basis of the student scientific community. The research results are statistically proven (p<0.05) through an increase in the level of formation of legal competence in students of psychological and pedagogical sphere.
A Research-Oriented Teaching Model for Public Physical Education in Colleges Based on Extenics Theory
Authors: Wang Lin , Deng Weifeng
Published: January 2021

This paper mainly designs a research-oriented teaching (ROT) model for public physical education (PE) in colleges based on extenics theory, which overcomes the limits and defects of the current ROT model for public PE in colleges. From the theoretical perspective, the extenics theory and method were discussed in details for implementing the ROT model for public PE in colleges. From the angle of engineering application, the authors designed an improved evaluation index system (EIS) for the implementation effect of the said ROT model, and developed the corresponding extenics superiority model, which quantifies the implementation effect. The research results further improve the ROT model for public PE in colleges.
Measurement and Evaluation of Collaborative Development Level of Higher Education
Authors: Liu Qian , Wang Yongzhe , Kang Shaoda
Published: January 2021

With the aid of grey correlation theory and technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), this paper sets up a multi-dimensional evaluation index system (EIS) for the comprehensive development level (CDL) of China’s higher education, and quantifies the state of collaborative development in 2005-2017 with an improved distance collaboration model. The results show that: Being the premises and bases of higher education, the supply subsystem develops much slower than the other subsystems (i.e. participation, output, and environment), and clearly pulls the development of the other subsystems. From 2012 onwards, the subsystems conformed to basically the same trend for the degree of collaboration: the degree of collaboration tended to be stable. There was even a slight dent in overall degree of collaboration between 2012 and 2016. Hence, the overall degree of collaborative development was far slower than the overall degree of development. After more than a decade of development, the degree of development, degree of collaboration, and degree of collaborative development reached basically the same level in 2017. The empirical results shed new lights on the focal points of higher education development in China.
Analysis of Blended Learning Model Application Using Text Mining Method
Authors: Wang Lin , Huang Yanfen , Omar Muhd Khaizer
Published: January 2021

The rapid development of networks has resulted in the recognition of blended learning as an effective learning model. The text mining method was used to analyze the blended learning practice data of 17 countries provided by the Christensen Institute. By classifying and extracting text information from the use of blended learning model selection and the challenges of blended learning, the factors that hinder the implementation of blended learning were analyzed. The distribution of blended learning courses and practice models in each country were discussed, as was the influence relationship between the region and implementation model. The results demonstrate that the practice of blended learning in primary and secondary schools is mature in four courses of English, Mathematics, Science, and Social Research. The blended learning implementation model can be unaffected by the region, but more tend to “mix.” The practice cycle of blended learning becomes long and requires long-term stable support, while teachers’ ability and students’ ability preparation are the largest obstacles to the effectual development of blended learning. This study provides references for improving the efficiency of blended learning practices, especially in the aspects of practice model selection, infrastructure preparation, and teacher and student ability training.
From Paper to Screen: Encouraging Theory of Sociology through Sosiopedia by Heutagogy Approach
Authors: Perguna Luhung Ahmad , Idris Idris , Widianto Ahmad Arif
Published: January 2021

The advance of increasingly sophisticated technology, in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0, led to the patterns of digital economy, artificial intelligence, big data, and robotic, known as the phenomenon of disruptive innovation. This change was addressed by the University in how the learning process was carried out and how students learned. The purpose of this study is to develop a mobile learning application “Sociopedia”, which tries to offer a fundamental change in the process of learning paper to the screen, smart phones. The heutagogy approach was chosen to provide easy access to various information indirectly (asynchronous). This approach offers freedom for learners to determine by themselves the way how they learn. Meanwhile, for the development method, this study used research and development (R&D) with the 4D model consisting of Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate. Furthermore, sociological theory was chosen as the material in this development. This research found that the media and material validation showed that the product developed was very good and worth testing. In addition, sociopedia developed encourage student to motivate in learning sociology rather than in conventional approach.
Gamification for Science Learning Media Challenges of Teacher and Expectations of Students
Authors: Lutfi Achmad , Hidayah Rusly
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this research is to determine the response of teachers and students towards the use of computer-based games as a medium for learning Sciences. Data were obtained from students of two ninth-grade classes of Junior high school in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia, through observation, questionnaire, and interviews. Science learning on atomic subjects was carried out by each science teacher, while students used computerized games and worksheets. The results showed that 87.50% to 100% of students supported the use of computer-based games as a science learning media to achieve the specified target. Meanwhile, teachers believe that the use of this technique is very good because it enables students to play and learn. Therefore it has the ability to prevent them from participating in uneducational games.

 
The Effectiveness of Mobile Blended Problem Based Learning on Mathematical Problem Solving
Authors: Amin Ahmad Kholiqul , Sudana I Nyoman Degeng , Setyosari Punaji , Djatmika Ery Tri
Published: January 2021

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of mobile blended compared to conventional problem-based learning on mathematical problem-solving skills and look for students' responses about the use of online learning. The study was conducted using a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental research design supported with descriptive qualitative responses involving 188 students taken by applying cluster random sampling as subjects of research distributed from vocational high schools in Bojonegoro City, East Java, Indonesia. Research findings revealed that mathematical problem-solving skills for students treated with mobile blended problem-based learning were higher than those who have been treated with purely problem-based learning. In addition, students have responded positively to the usage of mobile blended problem-based learning that was applicable and acceptable for effectively improving mathematical problem-solving skills.