bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comments on „Probability vs. Nonprobability Sampling: From the Birth of Survey
Sampling to the Present Day” by Graham Kalton
Authors:   University of Helsinki,
            Finland, Lehtonen Risto
Published: June 2023

I would like to congratulate Professor Graham Kalton for his significant and
inspiring article entitled as "Probability vs. Nonprobability Sampling: From the
Birth of Survey Sampling to the Present Day". The article provides an elegant
overview of the history of survey sampling, covering the purposive approaches that
dominated the sampling field in the early days but from the 1940s, at least in official
statistics, were gradually replaced entirely by probability-based approaches. Today we
may be facing a paradigm shift again, but the direction is the opposite.
Non-probability-based approaches are becoming viable, if not the only option, in fields
that are moving towards big data and other new data sources and new methodological
approaches.
Discussion of “Probability vs. Nonprobability Sampling: From the Birth of Survey
Sampling to the Present Day” by Graham Kalton
Authors:   U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics,
            2 Massachusetts Ave NE Washington, DC 20212, USA, Gershunskaya Julie , Lahiri Partha ,   University of Maryland,
            College Park, MD 20742. USA
Published: June 2023

In this excellent overview of the history of probability and nonprobability
sampling from the end of the nineteenth century to the present day, Professor Graham
Kalton outlines the essence of past endeavors that helped to define philosophical
approaches and stimulate the development of survey sampling methodologies. From the
beginning, there was an understanding that a sample should, in some ways, resemble the
population under study. In Kiær’s ideas of “representative sampling” and Neyman’s
invention of probability-based approach, the prime concern of survey sampling has been
to properly plan for representing characteristics of the finite population.
Poststratification and other calibration methods were developed for the same important
goal of better representation.
Rotation schemes and Chebyshev polynomials
Authors:   Statistics Poland and Warsaw
            University of Technology, Poland, Wesołowski Jacek
Published: June 2023

There is a continuing interplay between mathematics and survey methodology
involving different branches of mathematics, not only probability. This interplay is
quite obvious as regards the first of the two options: probability vs. non-probability
sampling, as proposed and discussed in Kalton (2023). There, mathematics is represented
by probability and mathematical statistics. However, sometimes connections between
mathematics and survey methodology are less obvious, yet still crucial and intriguing.
In this paper we refer to such an unexpected relation, namely between rotation sampling
and Chebyshev polynomials. This connection, introduced in Kowalski and Wesołowski
(2015), proved fundamental for the derivation of an explicit form of the recursion for
the BLUE µˆt of the mean on each occasion t in repeated surveys based on a cascade
rotation scheme. This general result was obtained under two basic assumptions:
ASSUMPTION I and ASSUMPTION II, expressed in terms of the Chebyshev polynomials.
Moreover, in that paper, it was conjectured that these two assumptions are always
satisfied, so the derived form of recursion is universally valid. In this paper, we
partially confirm this conjecture by showing that ASSUMPTION I is satisfied for rotation
patterns with a single gap of an arbitrary size.
Conditional density function for surrogate scalar response
Authors:   University Cadi Ayyad, The
            Eminent University of Science and Knowledge, Marrakech, Morocco, Boumahdi Mounir , Idir Ouassou Idir Ouassou ,   University Cadi Ayyad, The
            Eminent University of Science and Knowledge, Marrakech, Morocco, Rachdi Mustapha ,   Université Grenoble Alpes,
            Grenoble Cedex 09, France
Published: June 2023

his paper presents the estimator of the conditional density function of surrogated
scalar response variable given a functional random one. We construct a conditional
density function by using the available (true) response data and the surrogate data.
Then, we build up some asymptotic properties of the constructed estimator in terms of
the almost complete convergences. As a result, we compare our estimator with the
classical estimator through the Relatif Mean Square Errors (RMSE). Finally, we end this
analysis by displaying the superiority of our estimator in terms of prediction when we
are lacking complete data.
Quality adjusted GEKS-type indices for price comparisons based on scanner
data
Authors:   University of Lodz, Department of
            Statistical Methods, Lodz, Poland, Statistics Poland, Department of Trade and Services,
            Poland, Białek Jacek
Published: June 2023

A wide variety of retailers (supermarkets, home electronics, Internet shops, etc.)
provide scanner data containing information at the level of the barcode, e.g. the Global
Trade Item Number (GTIN). As scanner data provide complete transaction information, we
may use the expenditure shares of items as weightsfor calculating price indices at the
lowest (elementary) level of data aggregation. The challenge here is the choice of the
index formula which should be able to reduce chain drift bias and substitution bias.
Multilateral index methods seem to be the best choice due to the dynamic character of
scanner data. These indices work on a wholetime window and are transitive, which is key
to the elimination of the chain drift effect. Following what is called an identity test,
however, it may be expected that even when only prices return to their original values,
the index becomes one. Unfortunately, the commonly used multilateral indices (GEKS,
CCDI, GK, TPD, TDH) do not meet the identity test. The paper discusses the proposal of
two multilateral indices and their weighted versions. On the one hand, the design of the
proposed indices is based on the idea of the GEKS index. On the other hand, similarly to
the Geary-Khamis method, it requires quality adjusting. It is shown that the proposed
indices meet the identity test and most other tests. In an empirical and simulation
study, these indices are compared with the SPQ index, which is relatively new and also
meets the identity test. The analytical considerations as well as empirical studies
confirm the high usefulness of the proposed indices.
Household expenditure in Africa: evidence of mean reversion
Authors:   Department of Statistics, Federal
            Polytechnic Ede, Osun State, Nigeria, Olalude Gbenga A. , Yaya OlaOluwa S. ,   Economic and Financial
            Statistics Unit, Department of Statistics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria &
            Centre for Econometrics and Applied Research, Ibadan, Nigeria, Olayinka Hammed A. ,   Department of Mathematical
            Sciences, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA, Jimoh Toheeb A. ,   Department of Mathematics
            and Statistics, University of Limerick, Ireland, Adebiyi Aliu A. ,   Environmental Statistics
            Unit, Department of Statistics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, Adesina Oluwaseun A. ,   Department of Statistics,
            Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
Published: June 2023

This paper investigates the mean reversion in household consumption expenditure in
38 African countries; the expenditure series used were the percentage of nominal Gross
Domestic Product (GDP), each spanning 1990 to 2018. Due to a small sample size of time
series of household expenditure, with possible structural breaks, we used the Fourier
unit root test approach, which enabled us to model both smooth and instantaneous breaks
in the expenditure series. The results showed non-mean reversion in the consumption
expenditure pattern of Egypt, Madagascar and Tunisia, while mean reversion was detected
in the remaining 35 countries. Thus, the majority of African countries are on the verge
of recession once shocks that affect the growth of GDP are triggered. Findings in this
paper are of relevance to policymakers on poverty alleviation programmes in those
selected countries.
Estimating the probability of leaving unemployment for older people in Poland using
survival models with censored data
Authors:   Institute of Statistics and
            Demography, Collegium of Economic Analysis, SGH Warsaw School of Economics,
            Poland, Grzenda Wioletta
Published: June 2023

Current demographic changes require greater participation of people aged 50 or
older in the labour market. Previous research shows that the chances of returning to
employment decrease with the length of the unemployment period. In the case of older
people who have not reached the statutory retirement age, these chances also depend on
the time they have left to retirement. Our study aims to assess the probability of
leaving unemployment for people aged 50-71 based on their characteristics and the length
of the unemployment period. We use data from the Labour Force Survey for 2019–2020. The
key factors determining employment status are identified using the proportional hazard
model. We take these factors into account and use the direct adjusted survival curve to
show how the probability of returning to work in Poland changes as people age. Due to
the fact that not many people take up employment around their retirement age, an
in-depth evaluation of the accuracy of predictions obtained via the models is crucial to
assess the results. Hence, in this paper, a time-dependent ROC curve is used. Our
results indicate that the key factor that influences the return to work after an
unemployment period in the case of older people in Poland is whether they reached the
age of 60. Other factors that proved important in this context are the sex and the
education level of older people.
Risk Based Capital Factors’ Impact for Reinsurance’s Business and Profitability
Authors: Mentari Iga Permata Putri , Baskoro Rahmat Aryo
Published: June 2023

Reinsurance is one of important aspect from insurance business. To ruin their business, insurnaces don’t only rely on their capacity, but to their back up capacity behind them. For arising financial strength and intercalation to Indonesia’s GDP, OJK as regulatory has obligatory for insurance to ceded their insurance cession to domestic Reinsurance. Insurance business would be always linked with reinsurace due to their requirements for spreading risk (by reduce the variability of the financial costs to insurance companies arising from the claims). The prior researches give indicator that financial strenght will affect how sevice company ruin their business and profitability making. This paper aim to empirically inquire intercouse between financial strength of the company with their running business. Financial strenght for reinsurance business is the most important component due to their business characteristic, business to business. RBC as one of the parameter will be the one which impose the insurance company to lay their business. So with RBC’s component we could inquire how reinsurance’s business and profitability. This study used quantitative research method. The analysis framework is based on relationship between risk based capital’ factor in reinsurance with their business and profitability effectivity. Data will be provided secunderly by companies annual report with total 5 local reinsurance in Indonesia. And will be examined by regression model. The finding will indicate how Risk Based Capital’s factor involve business and profitability both for reinsurance company. The findings may help industry to better understand how financial power’ factor work for profitability.
Pola Pengobatan Antihipertensi pada Pasien Preeklampsia di Rumah Sakit Harapan Bunda
Authors: Kencana Dewi Ni Made Rarasitha
Published: June 2023

Preeklampsia merupakan salah satu golongan hipertensi dalam kehamilan. Preeklampsia adalah kelainan pada ibu hamil yang ditandai dengan adanya hipertensi dan proteinuria setelah umur kehamilan 20 minggu. Kelainan pada ibu hamil ini ditandai dengan tekanan darah ≥ 140/90 mmHg dan proteinuria ≥ 300 mg/24 jam. Jumlah pasien preeklampsia di Rumah Sakit Harapan Bunda pada tahun 2016-2019 mengalami peningkatan, namun pada tahun 2020 mengalami penurunan. Preeklampsia membutuhkan terapi antihipertensi untuk mencapai dan mempertahankan target tekanan darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola penggunaan obat antihipertensi pada pasien preeklampsia di Rumah Sakit Harapan Bunda. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian observasional dimana data rekam medis diambil secara retrospektif dan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi sebanyak 58 pasien yang terdiri dari 41 pasien preeklampsia ringan (70,69%) dan 17 pasien preeklampsia berat (29,31%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh pasien preeklampsia (100%) mendapatkan pengobatan antihipertensi secara monoterapi yaitu nifedipine yang merupakan golongan Calcium Channel Blocke. Pasien preeklampsia yang mencapai target terapi sebesar 82,76% dan yang belum mencapai target terapi sebesar 17,24%.
Pemberdayaan Narapidana di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas II A Pangkalpinang
Authors: Gasela Yesi , Sujadmi Sujadmi , Febriani Luna
Published: June 2023

Pemberdayaan menekankan pada pemberian pembelajaran, pengetahuan, keterampilan terhadap pihak yang kurang berdaya untuk lebih berdaya lagi terhadap hidupnya. Salah satu masyarakat yang termasuk kurang berdaya yakni narapidana, hal ini narapidana merupakan masyarakat yang terisolasi dalam institusi total yakni penjara atau sekarang lebih dikenal dengan Lembaga Pemasyarakatan. Pemberdayaan narapidana berlangsung pada salah satu Lembaga Pemasyarakatan, yaitu Lembaga Permasyarakatan Kelas II A Pangkalpinang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan bentuk dan proses pemberdayaan narapidana melalui pengembangan potensi kemandirian serta mendeskripsikan strategi pemberdayaan terhadap narapidana. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori pemberdayaan masyarakat dari Jim Ife. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa terdapat pemberdayaan narapidana melalui pembinaan kepribadian dan pembinaan kemandirian. Selanjutnya terdapat bentuk pemberdayaan narapidana yakni pemberdayaan di bidang manufaktur, agribisnis sayuran, dan jasa.
Indonesia 1945-2020: Demokrasi dan Civil Society
Authors: Silitonga Samson Ganda J.
Published: June 2023

Diskursus demokrasi indonesia periode 1946-1957 mendapat sebutan beraneka ragam dari perspektif akademik. Ahli-ahli menyebutnya demokrasi liberal, demokrasi parlementer, bahkan juga demokrasi konstitusional. Makna telaah demokrasi berdasarkan Hatta dan Supomo, Magnis Suseno mengisyaratkan demokrasi dan demokrasi indonesia memiliki kesamaan sekaligus pula perbedaan. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah menjelaskan demokrasi dan civil society dalam konteks Indonesia Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan analisis kuantitatif berdasarkan survei dan menjaring lebih dari 2600 jawaban responden terkait demokrasi dengan menyebar kuisioner melalui google form. Butir-butir yang dapat disimpulkan dari jawaban 2640 responden dan penelitian ini adalah: daya tarik demokrasi bagi masyarakat indonesia tidak terlalu tinggi, tetapi patut diapresiasi. Bangsa Indonesia sudah cukup mengupayakan demokrasi, namun tidak berhasil. Ketidakberhasilan tersebut, yang paling mungkin adalah karena agama lebih penting dari demokrasi dan salah satu upaya mewujudkan demokrasi adalah sosialisasi sila-sila pancasila di rumah ibadah. Musyawarah untuk mufakat tetap lebih dipentingkan dari teknologis, yang mana kebijakan negara harus lebih peduli pada masyarakat daripada elit politik. Kondisi pandemi covid-19 seperti saat ini menyebabkan demokrasi seperti dilupakan dahulu. Difusi demokrasi internasional terhadap gerakan-gerakan demokratisasi di indonesia berlangsung dalam 4 (empat) tipe penyikapan, adopsi, penyesuaian, penolakan dan persuasi.
Pelaksanaan Fungsi Badan Permusyawaratan Desa di Desa Sukalaksana Kecamatan Sukakarya Kabupaten Bekasi
Authors: Rofiuddin Rofiuddin
Published: June 2023

Badan Permusyawaratan Desa atau yang disingkat BPD ialah lembaga yang mengoptimalkan penyelenggaraan pemerintahan Desa dan bekerja sama atau sebagai mitra kerja Kepala desa. Anggota-anggota BPD merupakan perwakilan dari masyarakat desa yang dipilih dengan cara demokrasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kulitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan studi pustaka, observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Data diambil darai narasumber yang ditetapkan berdasarkan teknik data display. Hasil penelitan menunjukan bahwa kinerja BPD dalam melaksanakan fungsi yang pertama yaitu membahas dan menyepakati rancangan peraturan desa bersama kepala desa, telah dilaksanakan sesuai dengan fungsinya. Sedangkan, dalam melaksanakan fungsi yang kedua yaitu menampung dan menyalurkan aspirasi masyarakat desa, telah dilaksanakan sesuai dengan fungsinya namun masih terdapat kendala. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, terlihat bahwa BPD Desa Sukalaksana telah melaksanakan fungsinya namun masih terdapat kendala dan belum optimal.
Permainan Kartu Gambar Untuk Meningkatkan Keberhasilan Membaca pada Siswa SDN 32 Sungai Jaring
Authors: Nurhasnah Nurhasnah
Published: June 2023

Pendidikan adalah usaha dasar dan terencana untuk mewujudkan suasana belajar dan proses pembelajaran agar peserta didik secara aktif mengembangkan potensi dirinya untuk memiliki kekuatan spiritual keagamaan, pengendalian diri, kepribadian, kecerdasan, akhlak mulia, serta ketrampilan yang diperlukan dirinya, masyarakat, bangsa, dan negara.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana penggunaan permainan kartu bergambar (flashcard) pada siswa kelas 1 SD Negeri 32 Sungai Jaring Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019 dan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca Permulaan Bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas I SD. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus dengan 3 kali pertemuan tiap siklusnya dengan jumlah siswa sebanyak 10 siswa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, penggunaan media gambar dalam pembelajaran dapat mengatasi kesulitan belajar membaca permulaan pada siswa kelas I SD Negeri 32 Sungai Jaring dibandingkan dengan pembelajaran yang sebelum menggunakan media gambar. Pada pra tindakan persentase ketuntasan siswa baru mencapai 30 %, setelah dilaksanakan tindakan pada siklus I persentase ketuntasan siswa meningkat menjadi 60 %, pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 90%.
La artesanía del saber: sonidos, objetos y enigmas en la memoria de las infancias en el exilio
Authors: Chmiel Fira
Published: June 2023

El siguiente trabajo forma parte de mi investigación doctoral que explora las memorias de infancia de quienes tuvieron la experiencia del exilio en las últimas dictaduras de Uruguay y Argentina. Desde allí procuro indagar en el vínculo entre las formas de saber, la política y los afectos, que configuraron las experiencias subjetivas de los niños y niñas de entonces. En el texto que sigue me propongo atender a las artesanías cotidianas que niños y niñas de entonces elaboraron para ensamblar diferentes materialidades de saber, disponibles en su entorno, sobre su historia familiar. En estas búsquedas aparecen reconstruidos los modos de agencia, la mirada activa de los niños y niñas de entonces por construir un relato sobre el pasado que los expulsó al exilio.
Over and Over: quick ways to reuse handy shell one-liners
Authors: Royle Stephen
Published: June 2023

There are a few one-liners that I use in the shell to do some really nifty stuff. I struggle to quickly find and reuse these and asked for a solution on Mastodon. https://fosstodon.org/@quantixed/109518367449656573 A handy one-liner might be something like (taken from here): find . -iname '*.flac' -exec bash -c 'D=$(dirname "{}"); B=$(basename "{}"); mkdir "$D/mp3/"; ffmpeg -i "{}" -ab 320k -map_metadata 0 -id3v2_version 3 "$D/mp3/${B%.*}.mp3"' \;\n This converts all the flac files...
Diversidad florística de tres sitios de un bosque siempreverde piemontano de la región oriental amazónica del Ecuador
Authors: Samaniego Guzmán Edison Oswaldo , García Quintana Yudel , Neill David Alan , Arteaga Crespo Yasiel , Vargas Burgos Julio César , Rojas Lizzaida
Published: June 2023

Se evaluó la diversidad florística de tres sitios de un bosque siempreverde piemontano de la región oriental amazónica del Ecuador. Se realizó un inventario florístico a partir de 25 parcelas de 20 x 20 m (400 m ) por sitio y se validó el esfuerzo de muestreo mediante la curva área especie. Se determinaron medidas de diversidad alfa y beta. Los resultados permitieron comprobar a través de la curva de rarefacción que los sitios no difieren significativamente en cuanto a la riqueza de especies ya que los intervalos de confianza al 95 % se solaparon, aunque existieron diferencias en el número de individuos para cada uno de los sitios, resultando varios propietarios con una menor abundancia, le sigue San Juan de Piatua y por último Veinte de Abril, asociado a la influencia de la acción antrópica. El área presentó una alta diversidad florística y reveló similitud florística entre los tres sitios de estudio. El análisis de conglomerados jerárquicos permitió la clasificación de dos grupos diferenciados por su abundancia, estructura y localización del área de estudio.
Planar Dynamics of a Motorcycle: Parameter Sensitivity of Ride Comfort to Engine Mounting System Nonlinearities
Authors: Kaul Sudhir
Published: June 2023

This paper examines the influence of several nonlinearities of an engine mounting system on the planar (in-plane) dynamics of a motorcycle. While the primary aim of the engine mounting system is to enhance ride comfort, some of the nonlinearities associated with the system can influence handling in a motorcycle due to the coupled dynamics of the rear unsprung mass and the swing arm. The use of engine mounts (or vibration isolation systems) is not common in motorcycle powertrains except for a few commercial manufacturers who use isolators to mitigate shaking forces produced by the engine, or to isolate the frame from torque recoil, or to provide isolation at idling or low speeds.
Data Collection for Learning the Dynamics and Control of an Electric Unicycle
Authors: Mihályi Levente , Ji Xunbi A. , Orosz Gábor , Takács Dénes
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this paper is to introduce an experimental method for investigating the motion of an electric unicycle and its rider. As the balancing and maneuvering method of human on electric unicycle is known, this may help us in evaluating the safety of human rider, design balance-assist features and/or self-driving functionalities.
Existentialism on Social Media
Authors: Cheong Marc
Published: June 2023

Social media has become a basis for helping us maintain human contact, especially as our alienation from our phenomenological experiences of ‘being human’ is becoming apparent due to the pandemic. I argue for how existentialist philosophy is crucial, more than ever, to interrogate our social media usage, which is a ‘necessary evil’ in our daily lives. Firstly, Kierkegaard’s critiques of the crowd and of the press are equally applicable to social media, which plays both roles: enabling an anonymous mass of public opinion and doubling-up as an information source, reducing responsibility on the individual. Secondly, social media leads to an intrinsic pressure to objectify one's self (as portrayed) due to the possibility of an omnipresent Other, based on the technological design of networks. I will link my arguments on social media to other existential ideals and will conclude by suggesting changes that may promote existential ideals in one’s social media portrayal and engagement.
Intrinzična motivacija učenika i percepcija motivacijske klime na nastavi tjelesne i zdravstvene kulture
Authors: Ljubešić Mihael , Barić Renata
Published: June 2023

Cilj istraživanja bio je ispitati postoje li razlike u intrinzičnoj motivaciji za nastavu tjelesne i zdravstvene kulture između učenika i učenica koji rade u različitom motivacijskom okruženju. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 110 učenika i učenica trećih i četvrtih razreda srednje škole. Učenici su ispunili Upitnik intrinzične motivacije i Upitnik percipirane motivacijske klime. Dobiveni rezultati su pokazali da su i učenici i učenice motivirani za nastavu tjelesne i zdravstvene kulture te da su učenici u odnosu na učenice više intrinzično motivirani i da motivacijsku klimu percipiraju više kooperativnom. Rezultati također pokazuju da su učenici, neovisno o spolu, više intrinzično motivirani u kooperativnom motivacijskom okruženju. Temeljem rezultata ovog istraživanja možemo zaključiti da je potrebno stvoriti kooperativno motivacijsko okruženje na nastavi tjelesne i zdravstvene kulture koje će povećati intrinzičnu motivaciju učenika da bi podigli kvalitetu nastavnog procesa.
The category of subject and methodology of interpretation
Authors: Česko Antun
Published: June 2023

The article examines the issue of the subject as a theoretical category and its recently much-needed division into authorial and metaphysical. This is directly related to their functionalization in the text of a work in question, which implies the implementation of the interpretation procedure. What it is irrevocably conditioned by is the establishment of an effective subject methodology and its professional nomenclature.
Legal protection of business doors in the concept of business to business through electronic transactions
Authors: Faradiba Nona
Published: June 2023

Internet media as part of information technology has shown its role in various aspects of life, including as a means of conducting business transactions. E-commerce is a modern business that changes conventional/traditional transaction methods into transactions with non-face, non-sign, paperless and borderless characteristics. Trade through e-commerce transactions has its own advantages, therefore the Government should immediately complete the consumer protection law which regulates legal protection for business actors in e-commerce transactions, so that consumers and business actors have a balanced bargaining position. The purpose of this research is to find out the mechanism in the business to business concept, legal relations to business actors in business to business, and legal protection for business actors in business to business. The research conducted is normative legal research with a normative juridical legal approach using secondary data that processes data from primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. Based on the research results it is understood that E-commerce can provide benefits for business people because by creating an online sales site, sellers can easily meet their consumers, even consumers often come by themselves. In this legal relationship there are rights and obligations of each party. Like transactions in general, the implementation of e-commerce involves two parties including sellers and buyers, each of the transaction actors has rights and obligations that must be carried out with full awareness.
Legal protection of internal doctors medical services in the city of Makassar
Authors: Amin Fajrin
Published: June 2023

In discussing this thesis, the author uses a normative legal research approach. The data sources for this research come from primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. This research is classified as qualitative, using data in the form of direct interviews/questions and answers (dialogue) and documentation studies. The results of this study indicate that legal protection for doctors really needs to be done with various factors that cause it either caused by the behavior of the patient himself or the natural nature of a doctor in general, even though for the city of Makassar itself it turns out that there have been no cases that have reached court related to the actual alleged malpractice which has its own criteria to be considered as an act of malpractice, The main step taken to protect doctors from being dragged to court is by trying to resolve a problem through mediation, which is also a mandate from the health law. The implications of the results of this study are that in the future doctors should be able to understand more about legal responsibility because it will be very helpful in anticipating possible patient demands for medical efforts made by doctors.
Legal protection for motor vehicle taxpayers in East Java subject to progressive rates
Authors: Setiawan Herman
Published: June 2023

In this thesis, the matter discussed is legal protection for taxpayers in the event of an error in collecting motorized vehicle tax. Motor Vehicle Tax Collection has fulfilled legal certainty, this is based on article 5 paragraph of Law Number 28 of 2009 in conjunction with Article 6 of East Java Regional Regulation Number 9 of 2010 which regulates the contents of determining the principal amount of motorized vehicle tax. The way to determine it is to multiply the tax base with the motor vehicle tax rate regulated in Article 7 of the East Java Regional Regulation 9 of 2010 concerning Regional Taxes. If the taxpayer owns a 4 (four) wheeled personal motorized vehicle as well as a 2 (two) wheeled motorized vehicle with cylinder contents of 250 cc and above, the second and so on, according to Article 8 of the East Java Regional Regulation 9 of 2010 concerning Regional Tax, the taxpayer is subject to a progressive rate. whose order of tariffs is regulated in the same. In the context of collecting Motor Vehicle Tax with Progressive Rates, there are several legal issues that arise, including the problem of progressive tariff sequences.
Settlement of disputes peacefully regarding the territorial boundaries between the two countries (analysis of cases of shootings of Indonesian citizens in Timor Leste)
Authors: Yuliyanto Heri
Published: June 2023

In this research the author uses the Normative Juridical method which uses secondary data as the main material in the preparation of this thesis with Content Analysis techniques, namely secondary data that is interpreted and connected with legal expert opinions to obtain conclusions so as to obtain thorough and comprehensive research results. Based on the results of the research, it is obtained that to resolve the border dispute between the two countries by using conciliation between the two countries by forming a conciliation commission for a span of three months to obtain results about the causes of border disputes caused by the shooting of Indonesian citizens. This conciliation is intended to provide a mandate or order to the conciliation commission about who is responsible for the shooting and then provide a way to determine the territorial boundary between the two countries. The second way is to use an Inquiry involving an independent team, the results of which will be made public for further action. The next step is to use Arbitration which is public if the two methods above are unable to overcome the problem. The arbitration in question is a semi-court to try the perpetrators of the shooting as well as establish a clear boundary between the two countries so that in the future the same dispute does not occur. The effort that can be taken by Indonesia to realize justice for the victims of the shooting is to submit a strong protest note against this shooting case and clarify the incident to Timor Leste if it does not get a good response is to terminate diplomatic relations because of the dangerous nature of the shooting action for peace in the border area. The next step would be a local court for the shooter in the jurisdiction of Timor Leste. This is an effective way to resolve border disputes without resorting to violence.
Perspective on regulation of caning in the preparation of the criminal law code (KUHP) in the future
Authors: Rinawan Eko
Published: June 2023

This writing aims to understand the reality of norms regarding the regulation of caning in qanuns or local regulations in the Province of Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, then to explain how the weaknesses and advantages of regulation of caning as positive law, then to examine the perspective of regulation of caning in the Book of Laws Penal Code (KUHP) in the future as one type of alternative punishment that can be imposed by judges. As for the formal criminal law, it is regulated in the provisions of the Governor of Aceh Regulation Number 10 of 2005 concerning Technical Instructions for Implementation of the Caning Law. This caning punishment is felt to be able to deter the convict because it creates a greater embarrassment effect, resocializes the convict in society and is expected to be able to reduce the crime rate. Caning is a type of punishment that is physically painful. The emergence of many cons regarding its existence because the punishment of caning is considered to tend to degrade human dignity and it is everyone's right to be free from torture. Article 1 paragraph (3) provides a strong legal basis for unwritten laws that live in society regarding the application of customary criminal law. This is solely to fulfill the sense of justice that lives in a certain society. Whereas Article 1 paragraph (4) places caning as a source of material law. So the judge has the authority to multiply the laws that live in society and pass a criminal sentence based on his convictions.
Leadership style of the village head in driving the physical development of the village (study in Sungai Bawang Village Singingi District Kuantan Singingi Regency)
Authors: Yudiyanto Fia Dwiristianti
Published: June 2023

This study aims to determine the Village Head's Leadership Style in Mobilizing Village Physical Development (Study in Sungai Bawang Village, Singingi District, Kuantan Singingi Regency). The Village Head is the head of a government organization that has a strategic position and has broad responsibilities. Village Development is a process of development activities that take place in the Village which covers all aspects of community life and livelihood. Leadership Style is an important role to achieve the success of one's leadership in an organization. The Village Head is the head of a government organization that has a strategic position and has broad responsibilities. Responsibilities in the village are matters of service tasks that are centered on the village head. The achievement of village development, the village government makes a development plan, the Village Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMDesa) is regulated in the Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia Number 114 of 2014 concerning Village Development Guidelines. Research Results The Head of Sungai Bawang Village is more dominant in using a participatory leadership style, although not fully used. The types and sources of research data are Primary Data and Secondary Data. Data collection techniques were Observation, Interview and Documentation techniques and this research was conducted in Sungai Bawang Village, Singingi District, Kuantan Singingi Regency with various selection of respondents taken from age, occupation, gender requirements.
Comparative Analysis of Competition Authority Decisions Based on Mergers and Acquisitions in the Philippines, Malaysia, and Indonesia
Authors: Asmah Asmah
Published: June 2023

In order to compare merger and acquisition decisions made by competition authorities in the Philippines, Malaysia, and Indonesia, this study will investigate each country's decisions. This study aims to pinpoint the variations in the strategies and practices used by competition authorities in the three nations and examine how they affect the preservation of healthy economic competition and the general welfare. The research involves gathering and studying merger and acquisition-related decisions made by competition authorities in the Philippines, Malaysia, and Indonesia. Differences in each nation's determination of the approval requirements, oversight procedures, and sanctions were discovered through this investigation. The findings demonstrate that there are differences between the strategies used by competition authorities in Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines in relation to mergers and acquisitions. The applied threshold standards, sanctions policies, and legal interpretations vary. The results shed light on the initiatives taken by each nation to uphold fair competition and consumer protection.
The impact of ruminal fluid lipolytic substances on the reduction of oils and fats in wastewater in the dairy industry and its influence on business decisions
Authors: Sofia Godoy  , Gerardo Leon  , Paulina Bolaños  , Alexandra Procel
Published: June 2023

The dairy industry is known as one of the major contributors to wastewater generation in terms of organic load value and effluent volume. The microbial ecosystem of the rumen that in Ecuador is considered as a waste from the slaughter mainly of cows in the municipal beds comprises at least 30 predominant bacterial species. The purpose of this work was to determine the ability of lipolytic bacteria extracted from cow rumen for the degradation of wastewater oils and fats generated by the dairy industry. Experimental tests were performed for the isolation of lipolytic bacteria from the rumen from three culture media: tributyrin, lecithinase and tr ibutirine with 5 and 10% lecithinase under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Tributyrin under anaerobic conditions was considered the most suitable culture medium for the massification of lipolytic bacteria from rumen fluid. The experimental units were conditioned also based on pH, temperature and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5). 3 pH regulating agents of the experimental units were tested: Sodium Carbonate, Sodium Bicarbonate and Bicarbonate. As pH regulating agent, sodium carbonate was used, which allowed reaching a value of 6.5 with only 5mL of dosage. Three moments of analysis were considered: the initial moment (or days), an intermediate moment (28 days) and the final moment (56 days). The ability of lipolytic bacteria to reduce the concentration of oils and fats in dairy industry wastewater in 56 days was 48.49% compared to the initial concentration, that is, 46.4 mg / L reduced to 22.5mg / L, so it was shown that its applicability is highly efficient in proportion to the research conditions. The high efficiency of these bacteria was directly related to the conditioning of pH and BOD5, based on the results that were generated by applying the correlation matrix and the Chi-square method. The analysis of the results obtained does not promote the biotechnological treatment of industrial wastewater, but also promotes the use of waste as a source of degrading organisms.
Sustainable tourism management for the program of Magical Towns – 4 worlds Ecuador
Authors: Inés Mariana Marín Parra  , David Rodolfo Guambi Espinosa  , Orlando Mauricio Grijalva Aldaz  , Diego Alexander Haro Ávalos
Published: June 2023

Sustainable tourism management for the Magical Towns - 4 Mundos Ecuador understands the particularities that cover social, cultural, economic and environmental aspects of sustainability; The essence of this model lies in the search for tangible benefits for the localities that enter and remain in the development of the tourism management model. An exhaustive bibliographical review of the program, management models already proposed, and strategic approaches were used with the purpose of accessing relevant information to determine the objective of developing a long-term sustainable tourism management model for the localities of the 4 Worlds of Ecuador that are classified as magical towns. This model constitutes a dynamic and versatile system that allows identifying the strengths, weaknesses, and conflicts of operation to make decisions focused on the sustainable development of the locality, preserving natural resources, and above all cultural ones such as gastronomy, customs, traditions, architecture, arts, clothing, and archaeological heritage.
Conceptual development of the Integral Management Model for the Faculty of Business Administration of ESPOCH
Authors: Giovanny Javier Alarcon Parra  , Eduardo Xavier Centeno Parra  , Sonia Enriqueta Guadalope Arias  , Gina Maricela Cedeño Ávila
Published: June 2023

The vertiginous changes of the environment present to organizations of all kinds one of the biggest challenges for their administration, the update of their management model; Failure to do so could be condemning inefficiency and non-satisfaction of its stakeholders. An adequate identification of the situation, the applicable legislation and regulations can provide the necessary elements for an adequate organizational design. The present work explains the conceptual development of the integral management model for the Faculty of Business Administration of the Polytechnic School of Chimborazo and its elements as a strategy to improve its management and achieve higher levels of satisfaction in all those involved.
Using Experiential Education and Gamification to enhance the Quality of Instruction
Authors: Tran Minh Tung
Published: June 2023

Higher education institutions' performance is increasingly dependent on the caliber of their instruction. Learning through games (GBL) and learning through experience (EBL) are the two main instructional strategies that are widely used in this setting to enhance the effectiveness of teaching-learning by assisting both teachers and students in reaching their objectives. The majority of instructors find teaching in the post-Covidien era to be yet another challenge. The purpose of this study was to present an orderly overview of the literature on the use of GBL as a tool to increase the distinctiveness and excellence of the teaching process in general and, in specifically, the teaching of  hotel management, given the significance of the issue in higher education. The paper largely looked through the most relevant academic literature on gamification's use in educational settings. An empirical analysis of a project based on a game that involved 27 players from FPT University Danang's hospitality program has produced some striking findings. One of the key findings of this study is the description of theoretical approaches, namely to GBL and EBL, as well as the provision of a conceptual model that compiles the contributions of many studies and paves the way for future, in-depth research. A syllabus for hospitality and tourist management that gradually incorporates various forms of experiential learning is another significant conclusion. The significance of the research findings demonstrates the need for close connections between the best aspects of the academic and real-world contexts in order to improve teaching and learning in terms of engagement, enjoyment, and effectiveness.
The authority of the electronic document in case of conflict with the paper document according to the Jordanian legislation and the comparative legislation "Comparative Analytical Study"
Authors: Ihab Fahmi Rayyan  , Noor Akief Al-Dabbas  , Jalal M. Alqhaiwi
Published: June 2023

The technical development in modern means of communication and the proliferation of social networking sites made it possible to conclude contracts via the Internet. This led to the emergence of a new type of writing and signature that is electronic in nature, in addition to the existence of paper contracts, where data messages are exchanged via the Internet and uploaded to electronic supports, in addition to sending them on paper to the contractor. Which may lead to a dispute between an electronic editor and a paper editor, whether formal or regular, and both of them contain the same contract, but there is a conflict between them? Which one will the judge prefer?In order to answer the problematic of this research, this study followed the comparative analytical approach, and it came to the conclusion that the Jordanian legislator called for adding a text to the Electronic Transactions Law that gives the judge the wide discretionary power in the event of denying the document or the electronic signature or its conflict with the paper document to return to the electronic certification authority as the owner of the role The largest in proving electronic contracting.
The Effect of Islamic Religious Education Learning Models in Increasing Students' Learning Activeness in Class VIII of SMP Muhammadiyah Parepare
Authors: St. Wardah Hanafie Das  , Abdul Halik  , Iriani Ambar  , Bustanul Iman  , Dadang Sumarna
Published: June 2023

The background in this study is the influence of the Islamic religious education learning model in increasing learning activity in class VIII SMP Muhammadiyah Parepare which is based on Law No. 12 of 2012 and Qs Al-Alaq/96:1-5 as well as field facts that occur. The type of research used is quantitative research which is located at SMP Muhammadiyah Parepare. The data sources used are primary data and secondary data. The population is 61 students and the sample is 22 students. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, questionnaires and documentation. Data analysis techniques used are validation and reliability tests, descriptive analysis, data requirements test and hypothesis testing. Research results that have been obtained by research based on data analysis, namely. 1) The Islamic Religious Education learning model has an average total score of 75.6061, this indicates that Islamic Religious Education learning is in the medium category. 2) Student activeness has an average score70.9470this shows Student Active Learning is in the categorycurrently.3) there is a relationship between the learning model of Islamic religious education on student learning activeness in class VIII SMP Muahammadiya Parepare as evidenced by hypothesis testing with a significance value of 0.001 <0.05, with a determinant efficiency of 0.541% which indicates that Ho is accepted.
Psychological Study of the Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Students: The Effect of Empathy and Resilience on Policy Acceptances and its Implications on Compliance
Authors: Anizar Rahayu  , Ida Damayanti  , Rosleny Marliani
Published: June 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic has brought about fundamental changes to the way people live their daily activities. This condition makes certain institutions, especially universities, follow pandemic policies by limiting activities on campus and carrying out online learning. Students must experience a difficult situation with these conditions. This study seeks to examine how the influence of student empathy and resilience in the city of Jakarta on the acceptance of government policies that have implications for compliance. This study involved 641,047 respondents from over 288 universities, using descriptive and verification analysis methods with structural equation modelling and confirmatory factor analysis methods. The results of the study indicate that empathy and resilience have a positive and significant impact on policy acceptance which also has a positive and significant impact on compliance. These results confirm that the adherence of students who represent the academic community to the rules and policies set by the government is an important capital needed to effectively deal with the Covid-19 Pandemic.