bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Edizione diplomatico-interpretativa con facsimile digitale dell’Edictum Rothari, Vercelli, Biblioteca e Archivio Capitolare, CLXXXVIII
Authors: Buzzoni Marina , Rosselli Del Turco Roberto
Published: October 2024

Il progetto editoriale delle Leges Langobardorum nasce da una collaborazione tra l’Università di Ca’ Foscari Venezia e l’Università degli Studi di Torino, le due unità di ricerca nell’ambito di un Programma di Rilevante Interesse Nazionale (PRIN PNRR 2022) in cui operano congiuntamente gli autori dell’edizione.
Il progetto si suddivide in due fasi. La prima fase è volta a fornire una edizione diplomatico-interpretativa dei testimoni principali delle Leges, partendo dall’Editto di Rotari trasmesso dai due testimoni ‘piemontesi’, ovvero: Vercelli, Biblioteca e Archivio Capitolare, CLXXXVIII e Ivrea, Biblioteca Capitolare, XXXIV (5). La seconda fase, più a lungo termine, prevede l’allestimento dell’edizione critica integrata del testo dell’Editto e di tutte le Leges, sulla base della collazione e recensione completa dei testimoni pervenuti. L’edizione sarà corredata di un glossario digitale dei termini longobardi.
I motivi per cui si è scelto di allestire un’edizione digitale basata su standard di codifica internazionali (gli schemi XML/TEI) sono molteplici. In primo luogo, la codifica TEI permette di gestire più livelli di edizione e di presentarli con a fronte le immagini del facsimile digitale dei testimoni selezionati: in questo modo si valorizza la dimensione storica di ogni documento, offerto ai lettori nel suo contesto paleografico e codicologico, oltre che linguistico e filologico. In secondo luogo, la flessibilità di un’edizione digitale consente di integrare le edizioni diplomatiche con l’edizione critica che sarà preparata una volta portata a termine la prima fase. Infine, ma non da ultimo, la pubblicazione sul web in modalità open access consente di raggiungere un pubblico più vasto, non esclusivamente accademico, in accordo con l’obiettivo di valorizzare e diffondere la conoscenza del Patrimonio Culturale italiano che è parte del progetto PRIN.
“That Light Beyond Metaphor”: Derek Walcott’s Ekphrases
Authors: Cimarosti Roberta
Published: October 2024

This article looks at Derek Walcott’s ekphrastic writing, i.e. its combined use of poetry and painting, from a twofold perspective: 1) the primal employment of a densely visual language for descriptive purposes which carries out the proverbial Walcottian ‘naming’ of the Caribbean reality, often in conjunction with the memory of Walcott as a young painter; 2) the transforming dialogue with actual paintings of the European canon in mature works like Tiepolo’s Hound, The Prodigal and White Egrets. I will especially explore the dramatic figure of the ‘failed painter’ that first emerges in the poetic autobiography Another Life as a ‘self-portrait’ of Walcott’s ekphrastic writing itself and the ways ‘the failed painter’ subject evolves assuming a functional role to accomplish an overall dismissal of the received ‘colonial visuality culture’ and the establishment of an Antillean aesthetics.
Comprehensive assessment of factors affecting the operational reliability of low-voltage asynchronous electric motors of a coal mining complex
Authors: Romanova V. V. , Batukhtin A. G. , Suslov K. V. , Khromov S. V. , Galyatin V. А.
Published: October 2024

THE RELEVANCE of this study lies in solving the problem of reliable functioning of elements of energy systems and ensuring their effective operation during open-pit mining. The paper presents a methodological approach that allows us to assess the level of reliability of low-voltage asynchronous electric motors in a coal mine with complex mining, geological and climatic conditions of production. THE PURPOSE of the work is to quantify the operational factors affecting the service life of an asynchronous electric motor with a short-circuited rotor. Attention is focused on how influencing factors, different in physical basis, among which electrical parameters are highlighted – the coefficient of voltage asymmetry in the reverse sequence, the coefficients of harmonic voltage components and environmental parameters – temperature, air humidity and dustiness, affect the dynamics of changes in the service life of an asynchronous electric motor. Asynchronous electric motors used at one of the enterprises of JSC SUEK in the Trans-Baikal Territory are considered as an object of research. METHODS. The main tool for the implementation of research tasks is computer modeling based on the Matlab software package. RESULTS. The studies were performed on an asynchronous electric motor with a short-circuited rotor with Ph = 3 kW, rated speed 1500 rpm. The simulation of the operating mode of the electric motor under study was performed by changing the experimental parameters: the values of the total coefficient of harmonic voltage components (KU) – from 4 to 12% with a range of 2%; the values of the voltage asymmetry coefficient in the reverse sequence (K2U) – from 0 to 4% with a range of 1%; the ambient temperature (∆Tокr) – from -30°C to +30°C with a range of 10°C; air humidity values (Vc) – 20% and 60%; dust thermal conductivity coefficient values (Kт) – 0,12 and 0,28. Based on the obtained research results, diagrams are constructed that clearly illustrate the dynamics of changes in the service life of an asynchronous electric motor depending on the combination of influencing factors. CONCLUSION. The trends in solving the issues of reliable functioning of a coal mining enterprise with the presence of asynchronous electric motors and ensuring their efficient operation are the most priority, mainly focused on maintaining the stability of technological processes and maintaining the production volumes of a coal mining enterprise. The stability of the electric motor to certain influencing factors is estimated and their critical values are established. Recommendations on the use of asynchronous electric motors are formulated, taking into account their operating conditions.
Methodology for assessing the technical condition of electrical networks based on determining the probability of their failure
Authors: Boyarkov D. A. , Kompaneets B. S.
Published: October 2024

RELEVANCE. The current technical condition of electrical networks at the moment is generally unsatisfactory with an average level of physical wear of about 60-70 %, therefore,the development of fundamentally new methods for assessing their technical condition is currently an urgent task. The methods of assessing the technical condition of electrical networks analyzed in the article are based to a greater extent on the subjective and insufficiently accurate method of expert assessments, which actually does not take into account the data of its technical diagnostics, as well as statistics of defects and failures. OBJECT. To develop a methodology for assessing the technical condition of electrical networks, which would be based on probabilistic models characterizing the physical processes occurring in electrical networks, as well as data from their technical diagnostics, statistics of defects and failures. METHODS. To assess the technical condition of electrical networks, a probabilistic assessment method was used. In this case, the methodology involves sequential determination of the probabilities of occurrence of selected groups of emergency modes, the probability of failure of a network element as a whole, as well as the probability of failure of an object and a group of objects of the power grid. RESULTS. Based on the research results, probabilistic models of failure of electrical networks were obtained, which, unlike the assessment methods discussed in the article, are based on data from technical diagnostics and inspections of electrical equipment. An example of the implementation of the developed methodology on real electrical network objects is given. CONCLUSION. The developed methodology allows for a more reasonable prioritization of technical impacts on electrical grid equipment, which will make it possible to replace or repair equipment that has actually exhausted its physical resource, which will reduce the frequency of emergency conditions and reduce damage from power supply interruptions.
About expediency of changing the connection diagram of hot water supply units
Authors: Rotov P. V. , Gorshkov A. V. , Rotova M. A.
Published: October 2024

PURPOSE. The article is devoted to an urgent problem for domestic district heating. A widespread situation is considered when consumers from heat supply systems with a closed connection scheme for hot water supply plants are switched to an open heat supply system from a thermal power plant. METHODS. Study of operating modes of operating heat supply systems was performed. Data collection was carried out using an online system for monitoring and commercial accounting of energy resources. Methodology for calculation of compared mode parameters is proposed. RESULTS. Using the example of the existing heat supply system, it is shown that the effect of the measure to switch subscribers of uneconomical boiler houses to heat sources with combined heat and power generation is leveled by legislative restrictions on the development of open heat supply systems, as well as by the regulatory method for determining heat consumption in hot water supply systems. The main technical and economic indicators were selected for comparative analysis of the operation of the centralized heat supply system in conditions of complete switching of hot water supply plants according to an open circuit and in the presence of a certain number of hot water supply plants with a closed connection scheme. CONCLUSION. The period of inefficient operation of the centralized heat supply system was determined and the amount of annual economic damage was calculated, which made it possible to prove the need to bring all schemes for connecting hot water supply plants in one heat supply system to a single type.
Investigation of aerodynamic processes in porous materials based on triply periodic minimal surfaces
Authors: Bragin D. M. , Mustafin R. M. , Popov A. I. , Zinina S. A. , Eremin A. V.
Published: October 2024

RELEVANCE: The relevance of this work lies in the study of new porous materials for use in compact, highly efficient heat exchange devices. PURPOSE: To investigate the hydro-aerodynamic properties of flows passing through porous inserts based on triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) topologies. To develop a methodology for studying porous materials with ordered structures. To identify potentially suitable TPMS-based porous materials for application in heat exchange equipment. METHODS: Numerical (CFD) and experimental methods were used to address the research objectives. Ansys Fluent 2019 R3 software was utilized for numerical modeling. Experimental samples for the physical experiments conducted on the VENT-08-7LR-01 laboratory setup were fabricated using SLA additive technologies. The porosity of the samples ranged from 0.73 to 0.89. The experiment was conducted with inlet velocities ranging from 0.3 to 4.5 m/s. RESULTS: New empirical dependencies of pressure drop on flow velocity were obtained for inserts based on the surfaces: Primitive (P), Fischer Koch S (FKS), Neovius (N), and Schoen's I-WP (IWP). The airflow through the N structure showed the highest pressure drop, while the P structure had 8 times less pressure drop at the same velocity. Stagnation zones, which can negatively impact heat transfer, were identified in the porous inserts. Changes in local flow velocity in the porous inserts were determined to correlate with the insert's transparency. CONCLUSION: The research results can be used for designing cooling systems with TPMS-based ribbing. Based on the analysis of the velocity vector field distribution and pressure drops, the FKS and IWP structures have potential applications in heat exchange equipment.
Survey Results on the Awareness of Laboratory Animal Welfare among Medical Graduate Students
Authors: Li Jin , Liang Lingling , Huang Hua , Pan Bin , Pan Yi , Liu Zhuoliang , Pang Yi , Feng Xueping
Published: October 2024

To investigate the knowledge and attitudes of medical graduate students regarding laboratory animal welfare, a survey was conducted on 288 medical graduate students from the 2019 to 2023 cohorts through the final exam of the compulsory course ‘Medical Laboratory Animal Science.’ The survey included both closed and open-ended questions. We calculated the awareness rate from the cumulative student score/maximum score based on the questions and scoring rubrics. We found that medical graduate students showed relatively low awareness of laboratory animal welfare and limited understanding of related knowledge. There were shortcomings in theoretical knowledge and practical experience related to laboratory animals’ welfare and ethical aspects of laboratory animal care and use. Students in basic medical disciplines demonstrated slightly better awareness of laboratory animal welfare than those in other disciplines. In addition, female students exhibited a higher awareness of laboratory animal welfare than male students. In recent years, there has been a gradual increase in the awareness of the importance of laboratory animal welfare among medical graduate students, but a decrease in awareness was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, a need exists for strengthening education on laboratory animal welfare in medical schools to enhance students’ awareness. It is suggested that school-specific expectations with respect to the replacement, reduction, and refinement principles be established to balance the needs of medical research and laboratory animal welfare, as a way to ensure the ethical considerations and the smooth progress of medical research are both met.
Gangguan Slective Mutism pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Erawati Endah , Juherna Erna
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: 1) karakteristik anak selective mutism di Desa Kalapagunung; 2) faktor penyebab anak selective mutism di Desa Kalpagunung; 3) cara penanganan selective mutism di Desa Kalpagunung. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif-kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan wawancara. Keabsahan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan triangulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) karakteristik utama selective mutism pada SS adalah tidak adanya respon ketika berada di lingkungan luar rumah, aspek perkembangan berjalan sesuai dengan tahap perkembangannya hanya tidak bicara pada situasi sosial tertentu, tidak adanya kontak mata, anak menutup diri dari interaksi sosial, dapat berbicara secara bebas dengan orang-orang yang membuatnya nyaman dan dianggap aman, dan rasa cemas ketika berada di lingkungan baru; 2) Faktor yang menyebabkan SS mengalami gangguan selective mutism adalah akibat dari pola asuh orang tua yang dimana orang tua SS tidak mengenalkan lingkungan luar pada SS sehingga SS merasa takut dan cemas ketika berada di lingkungan luar rumah dan sifat pemalu yang berlebih yang dimiliki oleh SS; 3) Penanganan selective mutism dengan menggunakan tiga cara yaitu yang pertama contigency management dimana orang tua memberikan penguatan positif secara terus menerus pada SS; yang kedua self modeling dimana orang tua memperlihatkan rekaman video aktifitas SS pada SS setiap malam sebelum tidur; dan yang terakhir metode bermain dimana SS dibiarkan bermain sendiri dengan pengawasan orang tua dan bemain bersama peneliti dengan bermain melempar dan manangkap bola serta bermain tebak gambar.
Penanganan Speech Delay pada Abak Usia 6 Tahun menggunakan Metode Bercerita di TK Karya Muda Ciherang Kecamatan Kadugede
Authors: Novianti Popi , Juherna Erna
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: 1) karakteristik anak speech delay di TK Karya Muda; 2) faktor yang menyebabkan siswa di TK Karya Muda dapat mengalami speech delay; dan 3) strategi guru dalam menangani speech delay menggunakan metode bercerita pada anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK Karya Muda. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Subjek utama dalam penelitian ini adalah guru, orang tua, dan peserta didik TK Karya Muda yang mengalami speech delay. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan wawancara. Keabsahan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan triangulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Anak speech delay di TK Karya Muda memiliki lima karakteristik umum yaitu tidak mampu mengucapkan sesuatu yang bermakna, tidak mampu menunjukkan reaksi saat bertemu orang lain, tidak mampu membuat kalimat, tidak mampu menirukan suara, dan kata yang diucapkan tidak dapat dipahami oleh orang lain. 2) Faktor yang menyebabkan siswa di TK Karya Muda dapat mengalami speech delay antara lain; adanya sifat pemalu dalam diri, tingginya intensitas penggunaan gawai, kurangnya orang tua dalam mengajak berbicara, tingginya intensitas menonton televisi dan menggunakan gawai, serta pendeknya lidah. 3) Penanganan speech delay menggunakan metode bercerita di TK Karya Muda dilakukan dengan beberapa media yaitu menggunakan boneka, menggunakan gambar digital untuk memperlihatkan gambar tumbuhan atau hewan yang ada di dalam cerita, menggunakan Youtube, dan guru meminta salah satu peserta didik untuk bercerita singkat. Cerita yang dibawakan oleh guru antara lain adalah cerita flora dan fauna.
Búsqueda de actividad biológica de aislados de fitoproteasas de Bromeliaceae nativas y cultivadas en Corrientes sobre microorganismos fitopatógenos
Authors: Gómez Herrera Melanie D. , Cardozo Marina C. , Prieto María C. , Avanza María V. , Alayón Luaces Paula
Published: October 2024

El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la actividad biológica de aislados proteicos de la planta nativa Bromelia serra (BS) y cultivada Ananas comosus (AC) sobre microorganismos fitopatógenos. Se obtuvieron muestras de bromeliáceas cultivadas (AC) del Campo Experimental de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias (UNNE) y de la bromeliácea nativa BS de montes naturales de la región. Se prepararon extractos de tallo y hojas de AC y hojas de BS, los cuales después de ser precipitados con acetona y obtener pellets, fueron resuspendidos en buffer estéril, los cuales se denominaron aislados proteicos. Se evaluó la actividad antimicrobiana frente a bacterias fitopatógenas mediante la técnica de difusión en disco. Sin embargo, no se observó la formación de un halo de inhibición en ninguno de los tratamientos con aislados proteicos, a diferencia del control positivo con estreptomicina. Se realizó la concentración inhibitoria mínima de crecimiento bacteriano por la técnica de microdilución en caldo. Los resultados mostraron
Description Of The Traumatic Experience Of The Dinar Indah Housing Flood Disaster Victims
Authors: Adiwena Bartolomeus Yofana , Audrey Eleanor Yuliana Azury Mangimbulur  , Azzahra Nurmaliza Putri  , Ghea Farah Fahira  , Maria Angelina Krista
Published: October 2024

Unpredictable natural disasters can traumatize a person and disrupt the victim's daily activities. Moreover, if this is the first time a victim has experienced a natural disaster. The trauma that arises and the impact on them will be different from the victims who have experienced several natural disasters. In this case, the researcher will provide an overview of the trauma experienced by flood victims who have only experienced floods once, a total of four people. This study uses qualitative data collection techniques using interviews, observation and phenomenological data analysis techniques. The results showed that natural disasters that occurred to participants caused trauma due to this unpleasant experience. This impacts participants who are more easily anxious and afraid when symptoms of natural disasters appear—looking at the results of the interviews in analyzing the symptoms of trauma felt by the participants and how disturbing they were in carrying out their daily activities.
Analisis Pengendalian Persediaan dengan Metode Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) untuk Meningkatkan Efisiensi Biaya Persediaan Bahan Baku (Studi Kasus pada Maula Hijab Yogyakarta)
Authors: Putri Putri Ratnani , Inna Zahara  , David Sulistiyantoro
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study was to analyze inventory control using the Economic order quantity (EOQ) method to increase the cost efficiency of raw material inventory at Maula Hijab Yogyakarta. This study uses a qualitative approach with data collection methods in the form of interviews, observations, and documentation. The data analysis technique used is a comparative method by comparing the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) method with the method used by the company to control inventory. The results showed that the application of the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) method in controlling raw material inventory can minimize the total inventory cost of Rp. 29.713.830 with a total purchase of 84.561 yards each time with a purchase frequency of 6 times. The conclusion of this study shows that the application of the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) method shows the number of orders that are more economical and can streamline the cost of raw material inventory than the method used by company.
Aktivitas Peredaman Ekstrak Daun Pandan Wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius) dengan Metode DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil)
Authors: Nurhasanah Devika , Nofran Putra Pratama  , Sri Purwa Pujihastuti
Published: October 2024

Background: Antioxidants are compounds that prevent an oxidation reaction from free radical compounds and important role in capturing free radicals in the human body. Excessive free radicals in the body can cause tissue damage and degenerative diseases. Pandanus amarillyfolius are known to act as natural antioxidant that have the potential to capture free radical compounds, because of their presence of flavonoid compounds.
Objective: This study aims to determine the free radical scavenging activity of DPPH against the leaf extract of Pandanus amaryllifolius.
Method: Pandanus amaryllifolius extraction was carried out using the maceration method with methanol as solvent (1:10). Concentration was carried out using a rotary evaporator to obtain a thick extract. Phytochemical screening and TLC test were carried out qualitatively using the mobile phase n-butanol: acetic acid: water (6:2:2) and phytochemical testing including flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, steroids or terpenoids to determine the presence of flavonoid compounds as antioxidants. Free radical scavenging activity was tested using DPPH free radical scavenger with concentrations of vitamin C 2, 4, 5, 6, 8 ppm and pandanus fragrance extract concentrations of 10, 15, 20, 25 ppm and measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer to calculate the IC50 value.
Result: The results of the phytochemical screening test of fragrant pandan indicate the presence of flavonoid compounds. The Rf value of the TLC test obtained 0.765 quarcetin and 0.787 extract and the resulting yellow spots, the Rf value of pandan extract which was almost the same as the Rf value of quercetin indicated that the pandan extract may contain the same compounds as quercetin, namely flavonoid compounds. The results of the free radical scavenging activity of methanol extract of pandan leaves were 86,861 g/ml and for comparison, vitamin C was 39,103 g/ml. Based on the statistical analysis of the T-Test, it is known that there is a difference between the sample and the standard with a significant value (p <0.05), namely 0.001 and 0.023.

Conclusion: The Pandanus amaryllifolius extract test using the DPPH method is in the strong category (IC50 <50 -100 g/ml) and the comparison of Vitamin C is in the very strong category (IC50 <50 g/ml).
-Perbandingan Kadar Total Flavonoid Fraksi Air, Etil, Asetat, n-Heksana pada Daun Tanaman Apu-Apu (Pistia stratiotes L.) Menggunakan Spektrofotometri UV-Vis
Authors: Ika Irmatika , Widodo Ageng Ary , Aini Sri Rodiatul
Published: October 2024

Apu-apu (Pistia stratiotes L) merupakan tanaman yang tumbuh didaerah tropis dan tumbuh diatas permukaan air yang tenang ataupun mengalir relatif lambat contohnya seperti area pertanian. Umumnya para petani menganggap tanaman apu-apu (Pistia stratiotes L) sebagai hama atau gulma yang menyerap kandungan nutrisi tanaman disekitarnya. Tanaman apu-apu (Pistia stratotes L) dapat tumbuh liar didaerah rawa, sungai, danau atau genangan air, sehingga dianggap dapat menyebabkan kerusakan lingkungan. Hasil skrining fitokimia Ekstrak etanol daun tanaman apu-apu (Pistia stratiotes L.) pada fraksi air dan etil asetat mengandung senyawa flavonoid dilihat dari perubahan warna, sedangkan untuk fraksi n-Heksan tidak mengandung senyawa flavonoid, hal ini dibuktikan dengan uji sinoda perubahan warnayang dilihat.  Pada perhitungan Kadar Total Flavonoid yakni fraksi air mengandung senyawa Flavonoid sebesar 0,914 mgQE dalam 10 mg ekstrak sampel, pada fraksi Etil asetat mengandung 1,205 mgQE dalam 10 mg ekstrak sampel.
Meningkatkan Potensi Kampung Wisata Pengolahan Susu Samar sebagai Destinasi Wisata Digital melalui Pemanfaatan Aset MOOC
Authors: Prasetyo Abdul Rahman , Nidhom Ahmad Mursyidun , Wulandari Dwi , Rahmawati Nila , Aruna Alby , Roziqin Mohamad Firzon Ainur , Surya Eka Putri , Marcelliantika Adinda
Published: October 2024

The aim of this community service is to develop the Samar Milk Processing Tourism Village as a digital tourism destination through the use of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) assets. This implementation focuses on efforts to utilize MOOCs as an important tool to improve education, development and marketing of dairy farming-based tourist destinations in Samar Village through the Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) method. Media expert validation results show an approval level of 89.5% for the concept of using MOOCs in marketing tourist destinations. Meanwhile, the material expert validation results reached an agreement level of 92.5%, indicating that this approach was received positively by experts in the field of milk processing. Furthermore, the implementation of this activity also recorded a significant increase in the learning outcomes of participants who took part in the MOOC related to the dairy industry. This confirms that the use of MOOCs in digital tourism destination-based education and training can provide real benefits.
 
Keywords: MOOC; Asset; Tourism; Digital; Samar’s Milk
Dynamic Reorganization Patterns of Brain Modules after Stroke Reflecting Motor Function
Authors: Yu Xin , Wu Kang , Li Yuanyuan , Chen Chen , Chen Tianzhu , Shi Xinyue , Tan Zhongjian , Zou Yihuai
Published: October 2024

Objective: Advancements in neuroimaging technologies have significantly deepened our understanding of the neural physiopathology associated with stroke. Nevertheless, the majority of studies ignored the characteristics of dynamic changes in brain networks. The relationship between dynamic changes in brain networks and the severity of motor dysfunction after stroke needs further investigation. From the perspective of multilayer network module reconstruction, we aimed to explore the dynamic reorganization of the brain and its relationship with motor function in subcortical stroke patients. Methods: We recruited 35 healthy individuals and 50 stroke patients with unilateral limb motor dysfunction (further divided into mild-moderate group and severe group). Using dynamic multilayer network modularity analysis, we investigated changes in the dynamic modular reconfiguration of brain networks. Additionally, we assessed longitudinal clinical scale changes in stroke patients. Correlation and regression analyses were employed to explore the relationship between characteristic dynamic indicators and impairment and recovery of motor function, respectively. Results: We observed increased temporal flexibility in the Default Mode Network (DMN) and decreased recruitment of module reconfiguration in the Attention Network (AN), Sensorimotor Network (SMN), and DMN after stroke. We also observed reduced module loyalty following stroke. Additionally, correlation analysis showed that hyper-flexibility of the DMN was associated with better lower limb motor function performance in stroke patients with mild-to-moderate impairment. Regression analysis indicated that increased flexibility within the DMN and decreased recruitment coefficient within the AN may predict good lower limb function prognosis in patients with mild to moderate motor impairment. Conclusions: Our study revealed more frequent modular reconfiguration and hyperactive interaction of brain networks after stroke. Notably, dynamic modular remodeling was closely related to the impairment and recovery of motor function. Understanding the temporal module reconfiguration patterns in multilayer networks after stroke can provide valuable information for more targeted treatments.
Reduced GABA Levels in the ACC of Actively Drinking High Risk Individuals Compared to Recently Detoxified Alcohol-Dependent Patients
Authors: Spitta Gianna , Gleich Tobias , Maricic Lea Mascarell , Rosenthal Annika , Schubert Florian , Aydin Semiha , Heinz Andreas , Gallinat Jürgen
Published: October 2024

Background: Acute gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABAergic) effects of alcohol consumption are well-known, whereas prior research has yielded inconsistent findings regarding on adaptations of the GABAergic neurotransmitter system to chronic alcohol use. Previous studies indicate either elevated or reduced GABA levels in cortical regions such as the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in persons with alcohol use disorder (AUD). We tested the hypothesis that active alcohol consumption compared to abstinence contributes to GABA levels as observed in prior research on chronic alcohol use. Methods: We investigated GABA levels in the ACC of 31 healthy controls (low risk, LR), 38 high risk individuals providing an active drinking pattern (high risk, HR) and 27 recently detoxified alcohol-dependent (AD) subjects via proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). Results: GABA levels in the ACC were significantly lower in HR compared with AD, but did neither differ between LR and AD nor between LR and HR. Also, we observed a quadratic effect indicating a distribution of GABA levels in the ACC as follows: LR > HR < AD. GABA levels were not associated with abstinence duration in AD. Conclusions: This study suggests that the GABAergic neurotransmitter system is blunted in AUD. More precisely GABA levels in the ACC seem to be higher in recently detoxified AD patients than in individuals at high risk which might suggest that GABA levels may increase after abstinence. No correlation was found between GABA levels and abstinence duration. Longitudinal studies are required to investigate alterations in the GABAergic system throughout the development and maintenance of AUD. Clinical Trial Registration: No: NCT02094196. Registered 20 March 2014, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02094196.
Ferroptosis and its Potential Determinant Role in Myocardial Susceptibility to Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Diabetes
Authors: Zhou Dongcheng , Yang Yuhui , Han Ronghui , He Jianfeng , Liu Danyong , Xia Weiyi , Cai Yin , Perek Bartłomiej , Xia Zhengyuan
Published: October 2024

Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) is a major cause of cardiac death particularly in patients with diabetes. When the coronary artery is partially or completely blocked, restoration of blood perfusion can normally be achieved within a certain time due to the development of advanced techniques such as percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. However, cardiac tissue injury may aggravate progressively even after the ischemic myocardium is restored to normal perfusion. MIRI is often associated with various forms of cell death, including apoptosis, autophagy, programmed necrosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis, among others. Ferroptosis is known as iron-dependent cell death that is distinct from other programmed modes of cell death. Ferroptosis is under constitutive control by glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), and the reduction of GPX4 may result in ferroptosis even if iron homeostasis is physiologically maintained. The essences of ferroptosis are substantial iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation that trigger cell death. Under impaired antioxidant system, cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation leads to lipid peroxidation which consequently results in ferroptosis. Ferroptosis shares a few common features with several types of cell death and interplays with various forms of cell death such as autophagy and apoptosis in the development of cardiovascular diseases. More and more recent studies have demonstrated that ferroptosis plays an important role in MIRI. However, few studies have addressed the relative importance of ferroptosis in MIRI relative to other forms of cell deaths. In this review, we summarized the basic aspects and advances regarding the molecular pathogenesis of ferroptosis, evaluated its role in MIRI, and propose that the levels of ferroptosis may function as a major determinant of myocardial susceptibility to ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) in general and of the enhanced vulnerability to MIRI specifically in diabetes.
Utilization of SYNTAX Score II for Predictive Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease and Chronic Renal Insufficiency Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Yan Liqiu , Han Dong , Wang Yabin , Li Sulei , Yan Wei , Guo Nan , Mao Ying , Yang Qian , Li Mengyao , Lei Yumeng , Zhang Shuaiyong , Cao Feng
Published: October 2024

Background: The SYNTAX score II (SS II) has earned widespread recognition for use on individuals with coronary artery disease (CAD) due to its reliable predictions of 4-year all-cause mortality (ACM). This research focuses on substantiating the prognostic significance of using the SS II for patients experiencing concurrent chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) and CAD who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: This study retrospectively examined 2468 patients with concurrent CAD and CRI who underwent PCI. Based on their SS II, these participants were sorted into low-, medium-, and high-risk groups and monitored over a median of three years. The evaluation of the predictive precision of different SYNTAX scores for clinical outcomes in patients with CRI after PCI involved using time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. These included the standard SS (SS), SS II, clinical SS (CSS), and residual SS (rSS). The primary outcomes were ACM and cardiac mortality (CM), while the secondary outcomes covered major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs), stroke, unplanned revascularization, and myocardial infarction (MI). Results: Higher 5-year cumulative incidences of MACCEs, MI, CM, and ACM were observed significantly in patients in the high SS II category relative to those in the low and medium SS II categories. Multivariable Cox regression analysis confirmed that the SS II independently predicts ACM, CM, MI, and MACCEs as a prognostic marker. Additionally, the analysis of the time-dependent ROC curve demonstrated that the areas under the curve (AUC) for predicting CM and ACM were 0.772 and 0.767, respectively, which are superior to those of other SYNTAX scores (p < 0.05). Conclusions: As an independent predictor, the SS II is notable for its ability to forecast long-term adverse outcomes, including MACCEs, CM, ACM, and MI. For patients with coexisting CAD and CRI undergoing PCI, it provides significantly improved prognostic accuracy for 5-year ACM and CM compared to other SYNTAX scores.
Computed Tomography-Derived Fractional Flow Reserve: Developing A Gold Standard for Coronary Artery Disease Diagnostics
Authors: Hu Liangbo , Wang Yue , Rao Jingjing , Tan Lina , He Min , Zeng Xiaocong
Published: October 2024

In recent years, a new technique called computed tomography-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) has been developed. CT-FFR overcomes many limitations in the current gold-standard fractional flow reserve (FFR) techniques while maintaining a better concordance with FFR. This technique integrates static coronary CT angiography data with hydrodynamic models, employing algorithms rather than guidewire interventions to compute the FFR. In addition to diagnosing coronary heart disease, CT-FFR has been applied in the preoperative risk assessment of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in organ transplantation and transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Continuous advancements in CT-FFR techniques and algorithms are expanding their applicability to other methodologies. Subsequently, with robust clinical trial validation, CT-FFR can potentially supersede FFR as the primary “gatekeeper” for interventions.
Knowledge Mapping of the Auxiliary Police: A Basis for Crafting a Capability Training Program
Authors: Alamban Ariel A , Poquita John Mark C , Procurato Lykka Jane F
Published: October 2024

The auxiliary police force, particularly barangay tanods in the Philippines, faces significant challenges in effectively performing their roles due to limited formally training and capacity-building opportunities. This study was conducted to assess the level of knowledge among barangay tanods regarding their duties, responsibilities, roles as first responders, and patrolling and hazard identification and to develop a Capability Training Program tailored to address identified deficiencies. The need for this research arises from the observed gaps in advanced patrolling strategies and emergency response protocols, which hinder their effectiveness as community enforcers. Using a descriptive-quantitative research design, data were analyzed through regression analysis and descriptive statistics, including mean and standard deviation, using SPSS. The study employed adapted questionnaires targeting knowledge in key areas, such as duties and responsibilities, first responder actions, patrolling techniques, and hazard identification. Simple random sampling was applied, resulting in 140 barangay tanods participating as respondents. Findings revealed that although the overall knowledge of the respondents was high, specific gaps were evident in advanced emergency response and proactive patrolling strategies. These insights were instrumental in the development of a comprehensive Capability Training Program aimed at enhancing the effectiveness of police auxiliary services in critical operational areas.
Taxes and Customs Duties as Instruments of Oil Rent Withdrawal to the Russian Budget Revenue
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, Fedotov D. Yu. ,   Baikal State University, Irkutsk, Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

For countries focused on the extraction and processing of natural resources, including Russia, the crucial task is to ensure the rational extraction and distribution of natural rent. The tax model applied to natural rent should facilitate its optimal allocation to the budget without undermining the motivation of resource users to invest. The purpose of this study is to gauge the extent of oil rent extraction to the Russian budget and to propose strategies to improve the efficiency of oil rent redistribution to the state budget. According to the author’s hypothesis, export customs duties, compared to the mineral extraction tax, are more effective in achieving the desired redistribution of funds from resource users to the budget. The analysis shows that from 2005 to 2022 up to 87% of the oil rent received in Russia was extracted through rent payments to the state budget. However, in recent years the degree of oil rent extraction has decreased to 56%. This decline can be attributed to the tax maneuver initiated in Russia since 2015, entailing the reduction and eventual abolition of export customs duties and an increase in the mineral extraction tax rate. The results obtained indicate a decline in effectiveness of rent-based taxation in Russia due to the decreasing fiscal significance of rent payments. Furthermore, their regulatory function, designed to stimulate taxpayers to make investments, has weakened. These findings provide valuable insights for shaping fiscal policies and lay the foundation for further research in this area.
Inter-budget Relations in Kazakhstan: State and Main Trends
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy Political Science and Religious Studies by the Committee of Science of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Dodonov V. Yu.
Published: October 2024

Balance of the state budget is one of the necessary conditions for the effective functioning of the budget system of the country. This balance is largely determined by inter-governmental fiscal relations and the resulting redistribution of financial resources between the central, regional and local levels of the budget system. Inter-budget relations in Kazakhstan over the past two decades have undergonesignificant changes, which further increased the relevance of research on this topic. Such aspects of inter-budget relations as the increase in the volume and specific weight of transfers from the republican budget to the budgets of lower state bodies, the growth of the number of subsidized regions, the reduction of revenues to the republican level from the regional level, caused special attention to this problem in the budget process of Kazakhstan. The article examines the state and development of inter-budget relations in Kazakhstan in terms of these aspects in order to identify the main trends of their transformation and assess their impact on the budget process. The article analyses the main parameters of inter-budget relations in Kazakhstan, reveals trends in the role of subsidies and exemptions from local budgets, and considers the dynamicsof the number of subsidized regions and donor regions of the republican budget. It is noted that there is no noticeable improvement in the situation at the level of regional budgets, despite the increase in their revenue base due to the transfer of a number of tax revenues to the local level in 2020. Based on the analysis, the author concludes that the situation in the sphere of inter-budget relations in Kazakhstan is deteriorating, which is manifested in a constant decrease in the number of donor regions and an increase in the number of regions receiving subsidies, an increase in the share of subsidies in the revenues of local budgets, and a decrease in the share of exemptions from local budgets in the state budget revenues. It is also noted that the imbalance of inter-budget relations leads to the complication of the budget process at the republican level, which requires the adoption of measures to further increase the financial independence of the regions.
Simplified Taxation System: First Estimates of 2024 Changes in Tax Legislation
Authors:   Economic Expert Group, Moscow, Russian Federation, Osmolovskaya-Suslina A. L. ,   Financial Research Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation, Borisova S. R. ,   Economic Expert Group, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Financial Research Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

Changes to the simplified taxation system (STS) introduced in the course of the tax system fine-tuning will significantly alter its design: income limit requirements will be expanded and STS payers will be recognized as VAT payers. The objective of this study is to find out what percentage of STS and CIT payers will be affected by these changes. For this purpose, a distribution of STS and CIT payers by income level was plotted. Information from tax forms of the Russian Federal Tax Service, Registers of SMEs and the SPARK database for the period 2019–2022 was used as input data. It was found that there is a shift in the structure of both STS and CIT taxpayers towards lower incomes: about 70% of CIT payers and about 90% of STS payers earn less than RUB 60 million per year. The analysis revealed that for 85% of STS payers the reform will be neutral, while for 9% the situation will slightly worsen. The winners of the reform will be those companies that will switch from CIT to STS. This transition will be formally available for 87% of CIT payers, and most of them will switch due to the possibility to pay VAT. Expansion of income limits under STS may become a decisive factor for only 10% of CIT payers.
Parental Occupational Factors and Academic Qualifications as Correlates of Students’ Examination Integrity in Secondary Schools in South-South Nigeria
Authors: Ejaigu Augustine E. , Ogbodu Rita
Published: October 2024

This study focused on establishing the relationship among parental occupational factors, academic qualifications and students’ examination integrity in secondary schools in South-South Nigeria. The study is posited on the premise of the Social Learning Theory which links education to environmental factors and role models such as parents. Survey research design was used in the study. The population of the study consisted of 283,089 final year secondary school students in the 6 States of the South-South geopolitical zone of Nigeria (Akwa-Ibom, Bayelsa, Cross-Rivers, Delta, Edo and Rivers States). The Multistage proportionate sampling technique was used to select a representative sample size of 3000 for the study. Data was collected with the aid of a Students’ Examination Integrity Measurement Instrument (SEIMI) developed by the researchers. Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (r) and multiple regression were used for data analysis as appropriate for each research question and hypothesis. Findings indicated that there is significant relationship between parental occupations and students’ examination integrity. Fathers and Mothers' occupations were significantly correlated to the students’ examination integrity but Mothers' occupations were more significant. It appears that students whose parents are in highly ethical occupations such as Military, Civil Service and corporate organizations have better examination integrity than those whose parents are unemployed or self-employed. Though there was no significant relationship between parental academic qualifications and students’ examination integrity but Age was a significant moderator of the relationship among parental occupational factors, academic qualifications and students’ examination integrity.
IntelliGaze AI: An Advanced Real-Time Multimodal System for Adaptive Attention and Integrity Monitoring in Digital Learning Environments Using Integrated Gaze Dynamics, Head Pose Estimation, and Customizable Biometric Scoring Algorithms
Authors: Donkada Aditya , Kolluru Washi
Published: October 2024

The shift towards online education has highlighted the need for effective student engagement monitoring. Unlike traditional class rooms, online environments often lack mechanisms to track attentiveness, resulting in increased instances of student inattention. IntelliGaze AI addresses this issue by integrating gaze tracking, head pose estimation, and a specialized attention scoring algorithm to quantify student engagement in real time. This paper outlines the development, implementation, and testing of IntelliGaze AI, emphasizing its unique contribution to digital education. The system’s personalized scoring algorithm adapts to individual behavioral nuances, providing dynamic feedback on user attention. Initial testing demonstrates IntelliGaze AI’s potential to offer nonintrusive, scalable, and accessible monitoring of student engagement.