DIFFERENT APPROACHES TO AGAROSE SULFATION WITH SULFAMIC ACID
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Svobodny Pr. 79, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia, KAZACHENKO ALEKSANDR S. , FETISOVA OLGA YU. ,   Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok 50, Blvd. 24, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia, KARACHAROV ANTON A. ,   Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok 50, Blvd. 24, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia, BEREZHNAYA YAROSLAVA D. ,   Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok 50, Blvd. 24, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia, ISSAOUI NOUREDDINE ,   Laboratory of Quantum and Statistical Physics (LR18ES18), Faculty of Sciences,
University of Monastir, 5079, Tunisia, LUTOSHKIN MAKSIM A. ,   Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok 50, Blvd. 24, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia, SYCHEV VALENTIN V. ,   Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok 50, Blvd. 24, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia, KAZACHENKO ANNA S. ,   Siberian Federal University, Svobodny Pr. 79, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia, AL-DOSSARY OMAR M. ,   "Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University,
PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia", BOUSIAKOU LEDA G. ,   IMD Laboratories Co, R&D Section, Lefkippos Technology Park, NCSR Demokritos PO Box 60037, Athens 15130, Greece
Published: April 2024

Sulfated polysaccharides are important promising biologically active substances with anticoagulant properties. Biological activity is affected by the method of preparation, as well as the type of the polysaccharide and its molecular structure. In this work, we have considered various methods for the synthesis of promising anticoagulants – polysaccharide sulfates using the example of obtaining agarose sulfate. We compared various sulfating agents: chlorosulfonic acid, sulfamic acid, with various activators, and a deep eutectic solvent mixture of sulfamic acid with urea (in the melt). It has been shown that when urea is used as an activator of the process of sulfation of agarose with sulfamic acid in 1,4-dioxane, agarose sulfate with a high sulfur content (up to 14.5 wt%) is formed, which is close to the use of chlorosulfonic acid as a sulfating agent (with the production of agarose sulfate with 15.0 wt% sulfur). The use of solid catalysts in the process of sulfation of agarose with sulfamic acid leads to the production of agarose sulfate with a sulfur content of up to 14.1 wt% (for a catalyst based on the oxidized carbonaceous material Sibunit-4®). Sulfation of agarose in a deep eutectic solvent – a mixture of sulfamic acid with urea – leads to the production of agarose sulfate with a sulfur content of up to 13.7 wt%. The resulting agarose sulfates were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, atomic force microscopy and DFT.