bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interactive Cost Configuration Over Decision Diagrams
Authors: Andersen H. R. , Hadzic T. , Pisinger D.
Published: July 2018

In many AI domains such as product configuration, a user should interactively specify a solution that must satisfy a set of constraints. In such scenarios, offline compilation of feasible solutions into a tractable representation is an important approach to delivering efficient backtrack-free user interaction online. In particular,binary decision diagrams (BDDs) have been successfully used as a compilation target for product and service configuration. In this paper we discuss how to extend BDD-based configuration to scenarios involving cost functions which express user preferences.

We first show that an efficient, robust and easy to implement extension is possible if the cost function is additive, and feasible solutions are represented using multi-valued decision diagrams (MDDs). We also discuss the effect on MDD size if the cost function is non-additive or if it is encoded explicitly into MDD. We then discuss interactive configuration in the presence of multiple cost functions. We prove that even in its simplest form, multiple-cost configuration is NP-hard in the input MDD. However, for solving two-cost configuration we develop a pseudo-polynomial scheme and a fully polynomial approximation scheme. The applicability of our approach is demonstrated through experiments over real-world configuration models and product-catalogue datasets. Response times are generally within a fraction of a second even for very large instances.
Mechanisms for Multi-Unit Auctions
Authors: Dobzinski S. , Nisan N.
Published: July 2018

We present an incentive-compatible polynomial-time approximation scheme for multi-unit auctions with general k-minded player valuations. The mechanism fully optimizes over an appropriately chosen sub-range of possible allocations and then uses VCG payments over this sub-range. We show that obtaining a fully polynomial-time incentive-compatible approximation scheme, at least using VCG payments, is NP-hard. For the case of valuations given by black boxes, we give a polynomial-time incentive-compatible 2-approximation mechanism and show that no better is possible, at least using VCG payments.
Training a Multilingual Sportscaster: Using Perceptual Context to Learn Language
Authors: Chen D. L. , Kim J. , Mooney R. J.
Published: July 2018

We present a novel framework for learning to interpret and generate language using only perceptual context as supervision. We demonstrate its capabilities by developing a system that learns to sportscast simulated robot soccer games in both English and Korean without any language-specific prior knowledge. Training employs only ambiguous supervision consisting of a stream of descriptive textual comments and a sequence of events extracted from the simulation trace. The system simultaneously establishes correspondences between individual comments and the events that they describe while building a translation model that supports both parsing and generation. We also present a novel algorithm for learning which events are worth describing. Human evaluations of the generated commentaries indicate they are of reasonable quality and in some cases even on par with those produced by humans for our limited domain.
The LAMA Planner: Guiding Cost-Based Anytime Planning with Landmarks
Authors: Richter S. , Westphal M.
Published: July 2018

LAMA is a classical planning system based on heuristic forward search. Its core feature is the use of a pseudo-heuristic derived from landmarks, propositional formulas that must be true in every solution of a planning task. LAMA builds on the Fast Downward planning system, using finite-domain rather than binary state variables and multi-heuristic search. The latter is employed to combine the landmark heuristic with a variant of the well-known FF heuristic. Both heuristics are cost-sensitive, focusing on high-quality solutions in the case where actions have non-uniform cost. A weighted A* search is used with iteratively decreasing weights, so that the planner continues to search for plans of better quality until the search is terminated.

LAMA showed best performance among all planners in the sequential satisficing track of the International Planning Competition 2008. In this paper we present the system in detail and investigate which features of LAMA are crucial for its performance. We present individual results for some of the domains used at the competition, demonstrating good and bad cases for the techniques implemented in LAMA. Overall, we find that using landmarks improves performance, whereas the incorporation of action costs into the heuristic estimators proves not to be beneficial. We show that in some domains a search that ignores cost solves far more problems, raising the question of how to deal with action costs more effectively in the future. The iterated weighted A* search greatly improves results, and shows synergy effects with the use of landmarks.
A Model-Based Active Testing Approach to Sequential Diagnosis
Authors: Feldman A. , Provan G. , Van Gemund A.
Published: July 2018

Model-based diagnostic reasoning often leads to a large number of diagnostic hypotheses. The set of diagnoses can be reduced by taking into account extra observations (passive monitoring), measuring additional variables (probing) or executing additional tests (sequential diagnosis/test sequencing). In this paper we combine the above approaches with techniques from Automated Test Pattern Generation (ATPG) and Model-Based Diagnosis (MBD) into a framework called FRACTAL (FRamework for ACtive Testing ALgorithms). Apart from the inputs and outputs that connect a system to its environment, in active testing we consider additional input variables to which a sequence of test vectors can be supplied. We address the computationally hard problem of computing optimal control assignments (as defined in FRACTAL) in terms of a greedy approximation algorithm called FRACTAL-G. We compare the decrease in the number of remaining minimal cardinality diagnoses of FRACTAL-G to that of two more FRACTAL algorithms: FRACTAL-ATPG and FRACTAL-P. FRACTAL-ATPG is based on ATPG and sequential diagnosis while FRACTAL-P is based on probing and, although not an active testing algorithm, provides a baseline for comparing the lower bound on the number of reachable diagnoses for the FRACTAL algorithms. We empirically evaluate the trade-offs of the three FRACTAL algorithms by performing extensive experimentation on the ISCAS85/74XXX benchmark of combinational circuits.
Best-First Heuristic Search for Multicore Machines
Authors: Burns E. , Lemons S. , Ruml W. , Zhou R.
Published: July 2018

To harness modern multicore processors, it is imperative to develop parallel versions of fundamental algorithms. In this paper, we compare different approaches to parallel best-first search in a shared-memory setting. We present a new method, PBNF, that uses abstraction to partition the state space and to detect duplicate states without requiring frequent locking. PBNF allows speculative expansions when necessary to keep threads busy. We identify and fix potential livelock conditions in our approach, proving its correctness using temporal logic. Our approach is general, allowing it to extend easily to suboptimal and anytime heuristic search. In an empirical comparison on STRIPS planning, grid pathfinding, and sliding tile puzzle problems using 8-core machines, we show that A*, weighted A* and Anytime weighted A* implemented using PBNF yield faster search than improved versions of previous parallel search proposals.
Automated Search for Impossibility Theorems in Social Choice Theory: Ranking Sets of Objects
Authors: Geist C. , Endriss U.
Published: July 2018

We present a method for using standard techniques from satisfiability checking to automatically verify and discover theorems in an area of economic theory known as ranking sets of objects. The key question in this area, which has important applications in social choice theory and decision making under uncertainty, is how to extend an agent's preferences over a number of objects to a preference relation over nonempty sets of such objects. Certain combinations of seemingly natural principles for this kind of preference extension can result in logical inconsistencies, which has led to a number of important impossibility theorems. We first prove a general result that shows that for a wide range of such principles, characterised by their syntactic form when expressed in a many-sorted first-order logic, any impossibility exhibited at a fixed (small) domain size will necessarily extend to the general case. We then show how to formulate candidates for impossibility theorems at a fixed domain size in propositional logic, which in turn enables us to automatically search for (general) impossibility theorems using a SAT solver. When applied to a space of 20 principles for preference extension familiar from the literature, this method yields a total of 84 impossibility theorems, including both known and nontrivial new results.
Multimode Control Attacks on Elections
Authors: Faliszewski P. , Hemaspaandra E. , Hemaspaandra L. A.
Published: July 2018

In 1992, Bartholdi, Tovey, and Trick opened the study of control attacks on elections---attempts to improve the election outcome by such actions as adding/deleting candidates or voters. That work has led to many results on how algorithms can be used to find attacks on elections and how complexity-theoretic hardness results can be used as shields against attacks. However, all the work in this line has assumed that the attacker employs just a single type of attack. In this paper, we model and study the case in which the attacker launches a multipronged (i.e., multimode) attack. We do so to more realistically capture the richness of real-life settings. For example, an attacker might simultaneously try to suppress some voters, attract new voters into the election, and introduce a spoiler candidate. Our model provides a unified framework for such varied attacks. By constructing polynomial-time multiprong attack algorithms we prove that for various election systems even such concerted, flexible attacks can be perfectly planned in deterministic polynomial time.
Regression Conformal Prediction with Nearest Neighbours
Authors: Papadopoulos H. , Vovk V. , Gammerman A.
Published: July 2018

In this paper we apply Conformal Prediction (CP) to the k-Nearest Neighbours Regression (k-NNR) algorithm and propose ways of extending the typical nonconformity measure used for regression so far. Unlike traditional regression methods which produce point predictions, Conformal Predictors output predictive regions that satisfy a given confidence level. The regions produced by any Conformal Predictor are automatically valid, however their tightness and therefore usefulness depends on the nonconformity measure used by each CP. In effect a nonconformity measure evaluates how strange a given example is compared to a set of other examples based on some traditional machine learning algorithm. We define six novel nonconformity measures based on the k-Nearest Neighbours Regression algorithm and develop the corresponding CPs following both the original (transductive) and the inductive CP approaches. A comparison of the predictive regions produced by our measures with those of the typical regression measure suggests that a major improvement in terms of predictive region tightness is achieved by the new measures.
Machine Learning for Better Prognostic Stratification and Driver Gene Identification Using Somatic Copy Number Variations in Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma
Authors: Rosenberg Shai , Ducray Francois , Alentorn Agusti , Dehais Caroline , Elarouci Nabila , Kamoun Aurelie , Marie Yannick , Tanguy Marie-Laure , De Reynies Aurélien , Mokhtari Karima , Figarella-Branger Dominique , Delattre Jean-Yves , Idbaih Ahmed ,   POLA Network
Published: July 2018

Background

1p/19q-codeleted anaplastic gliomas have variable clinical behavior. We have recently shown that the common 9p21.3 allelic loss is an independent prognostic factor in this tumor type. The aim of this study is to identify less frequent genomic copy number variations (CNVs) with clinical importance that may shed light on molecular oncogenesis of this tumor type.

Materials and Methods

A cohort of 197 patients with anaplastic oligodendroglioma was collected as part of the French POLA network. Clinical, pathological, and molecular information was recorded. CNV analysis was performed using single-nucleotide polymorphism arrays. Computational biology and feature selection based on the random forests method were used to identify CNV events associated with overall survival and other clinical-pathological variables.

Results

Recurrent chromosomal events were identified in chromosomes 4, 9, and 11. Forty-six focal amplification events and 22 focal deletion events were identified. Twenty-four focal CNV areas were associated with survival, and five of them were significantly associated with survival after multivariable analysis. Nine out of 24 CNV events were validated using an external cohort of The Cancer Genome Atlas. Five of the validated events contain a cancer-related gene or microRNA: CDKN2A deletion, SS18L1 amplification, RHOA/MIR191 copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity, FGFR3 amplification, and ARNT amplification. The CNV profile contributes to better survival prediction compared with clinical-based risk assessment.

Conclusion

Several recurrent CNV events, detected in anaplastic oligodendroglioma, enable better survival prediction. More importantly, they help in identifying potential genes for understanding oncogenesis and for personalized therapy.

Implications for Practice

Genomic analysis of 197 anaplastic oligodendroglioma tumors reveals recurrent somatic copy number variation areas that may help in understanding oncogenesis and target identification for precision medicine. A machine learning multivariable model built using this genomic information enables better survival prediction.
A review of piling industry practices in Dubai, UAE: proposed UCS-based correlations
Authors: Latapie Benoît , Albelda Rhea A , Abou Samra Michelle , Alzaylaie Marwan , Sumputh Joyshwin
Published: July 2018

There is limited published information available on design guidance and performance of deep pile foundations in Dubai, UAE. In response to this situation, the piling industry tends to be over-conservative when designing foundation systems for buildings and infrastructure. Consultants, pile testing experts and the Dubai Creative Clusters Authority decided to collaborate with a common goal: share information with the industry and make pile design recommendations to help colleagues prevent the large-scale over-engineering of pile foundations currently ongoing in the Emirate of Dubai. A total of over 200 pile load test results, from which 91 are preliminary pile load tests, were available to the authors to conduct the study presented in this paper. The interpretation of the available information combined with finite-element back-analyses enabled the authors to propose Dubai-specific relationships between the rock’s unconfined compressive strength and the pile’s ultimate skin friction resistance. Relationships between the rock’s unconfined compressive strength and its elastic modulus are also proposed.
A new photogrammetric system for high-precision monitoring of tunnel deformations
Authors: Alhaddad Mehdi , Dewhirst Mark , Soga Kenichi , Devriendt Michael
Published: July 2018

A new photogrammetric system has been developed to monitor tunnel deformations with high precision. The system fundamentally applies digital image correlation techniques to process images. It is digital in nature and is compatible with the industry's vision of moving towards the smart and digital monitoring of existing assets. It has been installed successfully within the London Underground railway and a number of other tunnels to demonstrate the potential of remote deformation monitoring of such assets using off-the-shelf cameras. The system is able to measure deformations with precisions higher than 0·1 mm, enabling the monitoring of sensitive deformations such as imposed curvatures. This paper highlights the application of photogrammetric systems in monitoring the deformation and condition of assets in real time and highlights the advantages that such systems bring. A case study has been chosen to demonstrate these. The case study is the monitoring of an escalator barrel in Moorgate station in London that was influenced by a sprayed-concrete-lining excavation directly underneath for the new Elizabeth line.
The Origins of Aggregate Fluctuations in a Credit Network Economy
Authors: Altinoglu Levent
Published: July 2018

I show that inter-firm lending plays an important role in business cycle fluctuations. I first build a tractable network model of the economy in which trade in intermediate goods is financed by supplier credit. In the model, a financial shock to one firm affects its ability to make payments to its suppliers. The credit linkages between firms propagate financial shocks, amplifying their aggregate effects by about 30 percent. To calibrate the model, I construct a proxy of inter-industry credit flows from firm- and industry-level data. I then estimate aggregate and idiosyncratic shocks to industries in the US and find that financial shocks are a prominent driver of cyclical fluctuations, accounting for two-thirds of the drop in industrial production during the Great Recession. Furthermore, idiosyncratic financial shocks to a few key industries can explain a considerable portion of these effects. In contrast, productivity shocks had a negligible impact during the recession.
A incorporação das tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação (TDIC) pelos professores de língua portuguesa das escolas estaduais de ensino médio de Linhares – ES
Authors: Vergna Márcia Aparecida , Silvia Antônio César Machado
Published: July 2018

RESUMO: Este artigo objetiva investigar como está ocorrendo a incorporação das tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação (TDIC), em especial o computador e a internet, na prática pedagógica dos professores de Língua Portuguesa do Ensino Médio da rede estadual de Linhares – ES. Para tal fim, realizou-se pesquisa de campo, utilizando o questionário como instrumento de coleta de dados. O público-alvo foram os alunos concluintes do Ensino Médio das escolas estaduais de Linhares – ES. Esta pesquisa é descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa. Os dados indicam que os professores de Língua Portuguesa, em sua maioria, não integram esses recursos em sua prática pedagógica. A principal finalidade dos que levam os alunos ao laboratório de informática é a realização de pesquisas, seguida, em menor proporção, pela preparação de slides para apresentação de trabalhos, digitação de textos, realização de leitura de obras literárias, envio de e-mail e exibição de vídeos relacionados ao conteúdo da disciplina. Espera-se que essa pesquisa possa ser usada como subsídio para nortear ações que visem ao melhor aproveitamento dos recursos disponibilizados pelas tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação no espaço escolar, contribuindo também no direcionamento de políticas de formação inicial e continuada para o uso pedagógico dessas tecnologias.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: incorporação; língua portuguesa; tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação.

 

ABSTRACT: This article aims at investigating how the incorporation of digital information and communication technologies (TDIC), in particular the computer and the internet, is taking place in the pedagogic practice of Portuguese language teachers of Linhares-ES state network. For this purpose, a field research was performed using the questionnaire as a data collection instrument. The target audience was the high school graduating students from Linhares state schools-ES. This research is descriptive, of qualitative approach. The data indicate that most Portuguese language teachers do not integrate these resources into their pedagogical practice. Of those who take the students to the computer lab, the main use is for conducting some research, followed, in smaller numbers, to prepare slides for presentation of works, typing texts, reading literary works, sending an e-mail and display of videos related to the content of the course. It is hoped that this research can be used as a subsidy to guide actions aimed at making better uses of the resources available through the digital information and communication technologies in the school space, also contributing in the direction of initial and continued training policies for the pedagogical use of these technologies.

KEYWORDS: incorporation; Portuguese language; digital information and communication technologies.
Blogs educacionais não institucionais no processo de ensino-aprendizagem de língua portuguesa: uma revisão bibliográfica
Authors: Francisco Edmilson , Almeida Patrícia Vasconcelos
Published: July 2018

RESUMO: O presente trabalho é resultado de um levantamento bibliográfico feito com amostras de trabalhos acadêmicos publicados e disponibilizados online de 2015 até o final do 1º semestre de 2017, sobre a temática da utilização dos blogs educacionais não institucionais no processo de ensino-aprendizagem de língua portuguesa. O resultado indica que a maioria das publicações trata do blog como ferramenta de ensino-aprendizagem e foi do tipo teórico-reflexiva. Em relação ao nível de ensino, a maior parte dos trabalhos se voltou para o Ensino Superior (graduação e pós-graduação) e para formação de professores da Educação Superior. O levantamento bibliográfico indicou que existem lacunas quanto à formação de professores de Educação Básica para uso do blog como ferramenta tecnológica no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. A análise dos estudos publicados apontou para a necessidade de realização de estudos que tragam experiências e relatos sobre o uso dos blogs para ensino-aprendizagem dos alunos e experiências de professores que os utilizam, na prática, como recurso tecnológico para formação de outros professores. O exame dos trabalhos acadêmicos revelou que existe carência de materiais didáticos que permitam que o(s) professor (es) se capacitem para o uso do blog como recurso tecnológico e estudos que o tratem como potente ambiente virtual de aprendizagem.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: trabalhos acadêmicos;ferramenta tecnológica; educação.

 

ABSTRACT: The present work is the result of a bibliographical survey done with samples of academic papers published and made available online from 2015 until the end of the first semester of 2017, about the use of non-institutional educational blogs in the Portuguese language teaching-learning process. The result indicates that most publications treat the blog as a teaching-learning tool and was of a theoretical-reflexive type. Regarding the level of education, most of the work was focused on Higher Education (undergraduate and postgraduate) and for the training of Higher Education teachers. The bibliographic survey indicated that there are gaps regarding the formation of Basic Education teachers to use the blog as a technological tool in the teaching-learning process. The analysis of the published studies pointed to the need to carry out studies that bring experiences and reports about the use of blogs for teaching-learning of students and experiences of teachers who use, in practice, the blog as a technological resource for training other teachers. The examination of the academic work revealed that there is a shortage of didactic materials that allow the teacher(s) to be able to use the blog as a technological resource and studies that treat the blog as a powerful virtual learning environment.

KEYWORDS: academic work; technology tool; education.
Morde&Assopra – Zariguim e Naomi: o perigo da ausência de uma semiótica da face do robô humanoide
Authors: Sousa Vanda Maria
Published: July 2018

RESUMO:A partir da narrativa, Morde&Assopra (REDE GLOBO, 2011), vamos considerar a representação do conceito de robô parceiro/amigo. A presente análise vai alavancar-se nas duas personagens robô amigáveis: Zariguim e Naomi. É nossa intenção clarificar que Morde&Assopra oferece representações de robôs humanoides, atualizando o mito de Pigmalião e, assim, fornecendo, na era digital, uma resposta à demanda arquetípica pela imortalidade. Recuperando para a discussão a relação homem/máquina ou homem/parceiro e considerando que tanto o robô Zariguim como a robô Naomi surgem como personagens humanizadas no texto em estudo, por esse fato, julgamos estar em condições de poder evidenciar a urgência e pertinência da análise semiótica da face dos robôs à semelhança da que se desenvolve para a face humana.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: robô; narrativa transmedia; cross-media; semiótica; Morde&Assopra.

 

ABSTRACT:From the narrative, Morde&Assopra (REDE GLOBO, 2011), we will consider the representation of the robot concept partner / friend. The present analysis will leverage the two friendly robot characters: Zariguim and Naomi. It is our intention to clarify that Morde&Assopra offers representations of humanoid robots, updating the myth of Pygmalion and thus provide, in the digital age, a response to the archetypal demand for immortality. Recovering for the discussion the relationship man / machine or man / partner and considering that both the robot Zariguim and the robot Naomi appear as humanized characters in the study text, therefore, we believe we can show the urgency and relevance of the analysis semiotics of the face of robots, like that which has beingdeveloped for the human face.

KEYWORDS: robot; transmedia narrative; cross-media; semiotic; Morde&Assopra.
Tecnologias digitais, ação comunicativa e ética do discurso em redes sociais
Authors: Anecleto Úrsula Cunha
Published: July 2018

RESUMO: As tecnologias digitais contribuíram para o surgimento de uma nova sociedade interconectada, favorecendo a criação de redes de comunicação, que ampliaram as participações do sujeito em diversos espaços públicos. Nesse sentido, a interação passou também a estruturar-se por nova ética e outras estéticas, que levassem em conta necessidades comunicativas das pessoas, suas lógicas argumentativas e pretensões de validade do discurso. Nessa perspectiva, este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar análise teórico-conceitual sobre a ética do discurso como fundamento para a ação comunicativa nas interações em redes sociais tecnológicas. Teoricamente, ancora-se nos estudos sobre racionalidade comunicativa, ética do discurso e esfera pública (HABERMAS, 1889, 1990, 2007, 2012), e redes sociais (RECUERO, 2009; ARAÚJO, 2016; PRIMO, 2005; FRANCO, 2012; BUZATO, 2016). Metodologicamente, apresenta-se a partir de uma análise hermenêutica, tendo como enfoque pressupostos interpretativo-críticos (HABERMAS, 1982, 2006, 2010). Como contribuição, o estudo aponta que a comunicação em rede, fundamentada em princípios éticos, proporciona ao sujeito participação em esferas públicas, de forma livre e democrática, alicerçadas no diálogo, na reestruturação dos papéis comunicativos e na emancipação discursiva, a partir da formação de uma identidade pós-convencional.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: redes sociais; ação comunicativa; ética do discurso.

 

ABSTRACT: Digital technologies have contributed to the emergence of a new interconnected society, favouring the creation of communication networks, which extended the participation of the subject in various public spaces. In this sense, the interaction also happened to be structured from new ethics and other and aesthetics, which took into account people's communicative needs, their argumentative logics and pretensions of discourse validity. In this perspective, this article aims at presenting theoretical-conceptual analysis on discourse ethics as the basis for communicative action in the interactions through technological social networks. Theoretically, it is based in the studies on communicative rationality, discourse ethics and public sphere (HABERMAS, 1889, 1990, 2007, 2012), and social networks (ARAÚJO, 2009; ARAÚJO, 2016, PRIMO, 2005; FRANCO, 2012; BUZATO, 2016). Methodologically, it is based on a hermeneutical analysis, grounded on interpretative-critical assumptions (HABERMAS, 1982, 2006, 2010). As a contribution, the study points out that network communication, based on ethical principles, provides participation in public spheres, in a free and democratic way, based on dialogue, on the restructuring of communicative roles and on discursive emancipation, from the formation of a postconventional identity.

KEYWORDS: social networks; communicative action; ethics of the discourse.
Campo temático: possibilidade de organização de um dicionário infantil
Authors: Pereira Gonçalves Sheila de Carvalho
Published: July 2018

RESUMO: Sabe-se que o processo de ensino-aprendizagem de língua na atualidade requer a inserção do aluno em práticas pedagógicas diversificadas, uma vez que a chamada era digital desencadeia uma série de mudanças na maneira de se construir o conhecimento. Nesse sentido, a utilização de novos recursos didáticos ganha espaço no contexto escolar, tais como os dicionários online. Este artigo tem por objetivo evidenciar a organização, a partir de campos temáticos, dos lexemas de nossa proposta de dicionário temático infantil online, DTI, em construção, especialmente desenvolvida para alunos que cursam do segundo ao quinto ano do ensino fundamental. A principal base teórica está alicerçada nos fundamentos da Lexicologia e da Lexicografia. Como resultado de nossas análises, defende-se que discussões dessa natureza podem contribuir com a criação e o aperfeiçoamento de obras cada vez mais funcionais, específicas e com um maior potencial para atender às necessidades de seu público-alvo.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: lexicologia; lexicografia; campo temático; dicionário online.

 

ABSTRACT: It is known that the current process of teaching and learning language requires the insertion of the student in diverse pedagogical practices since the so-called digital era triggers a series of changes in the way we build knowledge. In this sense, the use of new didactic resources gains space in the school context, such as online dictionaries. This article aims at demonstrating the organization, from thematic fields, of the lexemes of our proposal for an online thematic children's dictionary, TCD, under construction, specially developed for students who study from the second to fifth years of elementary education. The main theoretical basis are the foundations of Lexicology and Lexicography. As a result of our analysis, it is argued that discussions of this nature can contribute to the creation and improvement of works that are increasingly functional, specific and with greater potential to meet the needs of their target audience.

KEYWORDS: lexicology, lexicography; thematic field; online dictionary.
Novos gêneros do discurso, novas formas de ensino: as diferenças entre as videoaulas na atualidade
Authors: Mussio Simone Cristina
Published: July 2018

RESUMO: Partindo do conceito de gêneros discursivos, segundo os estudos bakhtinianos, este artigo objetiva mostrar como os gêneros sofrem alterações em decorrência do momento histórico no qual estão inseridos. Assim, ao se estudar o gênero videoaula youtubiana como uma atualização do gênero aula, bem como da própria videoaula, vê-se uma maneira de compreender como o gênero se atualiza em razão das esferas e do suporte nos quais ele se engendra. Nesse sentido, também será trazida uma discussão sobre as diferenças de uma videoaula presente no Ensino a Distância (EaD) e no Ensino Informal a Distância (EIaD).

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: videoaula youtubiana; gêneros do discurso; EaD; EiaD.

 

ABSTRACT: Starting from the concept of discursive genres, according to bakhtinian studies, this article aims at showing how the genres undergo changes as a result of the historical moment in which they are inserted. Thus, by studying the youtubian video lesson genre as an update of the lesson genre, as well as the video lesson itself, we see a way to understand how the genre is updated due to the spheres and the support in which it is engendered. In this sense, a discussion will also be brought about the differences of a vídeo lesson present in Distance Learning and Informal Distance Learning.

KEYWORDS: youtubian video lessons; discursive genre; distance learning; informal distance learning.
A study of substance abuse among male engineering students staying at hostels in a township near Kolkata
Authors: Sarkar Kingsuk , Roy Suman Kumar , Singh Ritesh
Published: July 2018

Background: Substance is being more common during college days, due to academic pressure, peer group effects, popularity and easy access to common substances. Men are more likely to engage in substance abuse. This was supposed to be more common in hostels. A study was carried out among male engineering students staying at hostels - with aims to find out the magnitude of substance abuse, to assess the potential risk of different substances abused and to find out a comparison between these two groups.Methods: Study was carried out with the help of two part questionnaire, one part containing alcohol, smoking and substance involvement screening test 8 item screening tool proposed by WHO (WHO-ASSIST). Other part contained socio demographic information. First 50 students, in each two colleges were enrolled in the study after getting their consent.Results: Ever use of tobacco product was found to be 66.0% and 22.0%, of alcoholic beverages: 72.0% and 26.0%, of cannabis: 46.0% and 14.0% - for students of government and private engineering college respectively. In the past 3 months, tobacco (36.0%) followed by cannabis (12.0%) were found to be the most commonly abused substances in government engineering college students while both (6.0%) cannabis and tobacco were the commonest substances of daily abuse among private engineering college students.Conclusions: High level of substance abuse was found to be present among male engineering students staying at hostels with higher level found among students of government engineering college.
Endotoxin Modulates the Expression of Renal Drug Transporters in HIV-1 Transgenic Rats
Authors: Pour Navaz Karimian , Piquette-Miller Micheline
Published: July 2018

PURPUSE: Bacterial co-infections and low grade endotoxemia are common in HIV patients. Inflammation due to endotoxin or HIV may influence the expression and activity of transporters. Kidney transporters influence renal drug clearances including many antiretroviral agents. Our objective was to study the effect of endotoxin and HIV on the renal expression of drug transporters in an HIV-transgenic (HIV-Tg) rat model. These rats develop immune dysfunction and AIDS-associated conditions like humans. METHODS: Endotoxin or saline was administered intraperitoneally to HIV-Tg or wild type (WT) littermates and kidneys were collected 18 hours later. Expression of transporters and cytokines were measured by qRT-PCR and Western blots. Serum cytokine levels were measured by ELISA. RESULTS: Endotoxin induced serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ in both HIV-Tg and WT animals. The basal mRNA expression of Oct2, Oct3, Octn1, Mate1, Urat1 and Ent1was significantly lower (33-60%) and the expression of Ent2 and Pept2 was significantly higher (33-45%) in HIV-Tg as compared to WT. While endotoxin significantly downregulated the mRNA expression of Mdra1 and Pept2 in both HIV and WT groups (69-78%), it imposed a significant reduction on the mRNA expression of Oct2, Oct3, Octn1, Mate1, Oat2, urat1, and Ent1 (54-83%) only in the WT group. Endotoxin significantly increased the mRNA expression of Pept1 (140%) in both WT and HIV groups. CONCLUSIONS: HIV and endotoxin each imposed alterations in the expression of many clinically important renal drug transporters although co-infection did not augment this effect. Viral and/or bacterial infections may impact the renal clearance of drug substrates in patients and could potentially be a source of drug-disease interactions.
Non-standard Heating System of Chamber Heat-treatment Furnace with Fixed Hearth
Authors: Kazyaev M , Kiselev E , Spitchenko D , Vokhmyakov A
Published: July 2018

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Study of Thermal Performance of Modern Design of the Drum-type Batch Furnace
Authors: Cheremiskina N , Loshkarev N , Lavrov V , Spirin N
Published: July 2018

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Overview of Technologies for Extraction of Platinum Group Metals from Poor Raw Materials
Authors: Devyatykh E A , Devyatykh T O , Boyarsky A N
Published: July 2018

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Modeling of Metallurgical Process of Copper Fire Refining
Authors: Lisienko V G , Holod S I , Zhukov V P
Published: July 2018

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MODERN REQUIREMENTS TO INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION AND PHARMACEUTICAL MANUFACTURE OF INFUSION MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES
Authors: Gachenko R. A. , Goryachev A. B.
Published: July 2018

The quantitative reduction of the manufacturing pharmaceutical organizations significantly lowers public accessibility to medicinal preparations manufactured by pharmacies. The aim of this research has is the analysis of the normative legal standards regulating the industrial production and the pharmaceutical manufacture of infusion medicinal preparations in the territory of the Russian Federation. Materials and methods: The research has been carried out by the analysis of the current legislative and normative acts by means of documentary observation and content analysis. Results and discussion. Hereby the review has been done of the main acts along with normativelegal documentation regulating the industrial production and the pharmaceutical  manufacture of infusion medicines such as federal laws, regulations of the Government of the Russian Federation, the State Pharmacopeia (Editions XI and XIII), orders of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, etc. It has been established that in the Russian Federation there has been developed and currently functioning the system of mandatory requirements to industrial production and quality control of infusion medicinal preparations produced by manufacturing enterprises. At the same time, despite the restrictions on the pharmaceutical manufacture of the aseptic medicines registered in the Russian Federation, the pharmaceutical organizations implement manufacture of the medicines which are not produced industrially. That makes it possible to provide an individual dosage of ingredients and take into account patients’ individual characteristics. The normative legal regulation system for the pharmaceutical manufacture significantly differs from the similar system for the industrial production. The scientific discussion on the implementation of the international Rules of Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) into pharmaceutical activities has not arrived at a unanimous organizational and technological opinion because of essentially different purposes, a diverse range of the undertaken tasks and dissimilar economic opportunities of pharmaceutical organizations and manufacturing enterprises. Conclusion: The currently existing normative legal regulation system for the industrial production and the pharmaceutical manufacture of infusion medicines in the Russian Federation is aimed at providing the national health services’ needs of necessary remedies for infusion therapy. At the same time, the pharmaceutical manufacture does not oppose the industrial production, but quite the contrary, expands public accessibility to such preparations for treatment in emergency or urgent cases and also during routine treatment of patients.
Upaya Peningkatan Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar Kognitif Mahasiswa Program Studi Biologi STKIP Pembangunan Indonesia Melalui Model Pembelajaran Grup Investigasi dan Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Pada Matakuliah Anatomi dan Fisiologi Manusia
Authors: Nurdin Muh. Rilzadi Trias Jaya Putra
Published: July 2018

This study was a quasy experiment that aims to investigate and compare students' cognitive learning outcomes using two different learning model i.e. investigation learning and inquiry learning. The third year students of biology class VIg and VIh were involved in experimental groups, class VIg experienced investigation learning model and class VIh was implementing inquiry learning model. Both classes were taught Anatomy and Human Physiology courses. Data were collected by administrating questionnaire sheets for learning motivation and pretest-postest for cognitive learning result. This result showed that the inquiry learning model improved the motivation and cognitive learning outcomes in one experimental group (Class VIh). It was shown by the mean score was 61.40 for inquiry learning model and 48.40 to the investigation learning model. To summarize this study, inquiry learning model had significant impact in students’ cognitive learning outcomes.
Pengaruh Pendekatan Inkuiri Terbimbing Berbantuan Modul Belajar terhadap Keterampilan Proses Sains, dan Hasil Belajar Psikomotorik
Authors: Agustiningsih Neneng , Amin Moh. , Mimien Mimien
Published: July 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pengaruh pendekatan inkuiri terbimbing berbantuan modul belajar terhadap keterampilan proses sains, dan hasil belajar psikomotor. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan ialah kuasi eksperimen dengan Pretest-Postest Non equivalent Control Group Design. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMP Laboratorium UM Malang tahun ajaran 2013/2014. Sampel penelitian adalah peserta didik kelas VIII C sebagai kelas perlakuan, dan VIII B sebagai kelas kontrol. Keterampilan proses sains di ukur menggunakan tes uraian, dan hasil belajar psikomotorik di ukur menggunakan lembar pengamatan, dan rubrik pengamatan psikomotorik. Instrumen tes terlebih dahulu diuji validitas dan reliabilitas. Data diambil pada saat pretes, postes. Uji hipotesis menggunakan anakova dengan taraf signifikansi 0,05 (P < 0,05). Sebelum uji anakova, dilakukan uji normalitas data dengan uji kormogolov-smirnov dan uji homogenitas data dengan Levene tes. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan:1) pendekatan inkuiri terbimbing berbantuan modul belajar berpengaruh terhadap keterampilan proses sains, dan 2) pendekatan inkuiri terbimbing berpengaruh berbantuan modul belajar terhadap hasil belajar psikomotorik. Melihat potensi dari pendekatan inkuiri terbimbing berbantuan modul belajar dapat diaplikasikan dalam pembelajaran kurikulum 2013.
Pengembangan Buku Petunjuk Praktikum IPA Terpadu SMP Berbasis Home Materials untuk Pembentukan Karakter Peserta Didik
Authors: Rahman Nanang , Utami Linda Sekar , Nizar Muhammad
Published: July 2018

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut: (1) mengembangkan dan mengetahui kualitas buku petunjuk praktikum IPA terpadu berbasis home materials, (2) mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan buku petunjuk praktikum IPA terpadu berbasis home materials terhadap pembentukan karakter peserta didik. Secara umum peneltian ini melalui 3 tahap utama, yaitu: (1) studi pendahuluan, (2) dan pembuatan dan pengembangan produk, (3) evaluasi. Produk yang dikembangkan telah dilakukan validasi oleh ahli materi dan ahli media, serta penilaian pendidik dan peserta didik. Produk yang dikembangkan juga telah dilakukan uji coba terbatas dan Uji coba lapangan di empat sekolah yang ada di daerah Kabupaten Lombok Barat. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, maka dapat disimpulkan sebagai berikut: (1) Berdasarkan hasil validasi ahli,  penilaian pendidik dan peserta didik dapat disimpulkan bahwa produk buku petunjuk praktikum IPA terpadu berbasis home materials telah layak untuk digunakan. (2) Berdasarkan hasil uji coba terbatas dan lapangan diketahui bahwa produk hasil pengembangan dapat meningkatkan karakter tanggung jawab, kreatif dan teliti.
Analisis Pengaruh Ukuran Pori Terhadap Sifat Listrik Karbon Aktif Dari Limbah Tandan Sawit Pada Prototipe Baterai
Authors: Waluyo Handoyo Margi , Faryuni Irfana Diah , Muid Abdul
Published: July 2018

The prototype batteries was succesfully made by using activated carbon. This research aimed to examine the effect of pore size on the electrical properties of activated carbon which is used as a battery-making material. Activated carbon is synthesized using H3PO4 activator with concentration variations (mass/volume) of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%. The carbonization was carried out at 400 °C for 1 hour, while activation at 700 °C for 1 hour. The result showed, the pore size effect on the electrical properties of the activated carbon in the battery prototype, especially for the capacitance and internal resistance of the material which has a correlation of 90% and 90.2%, respectively. The sample with 25% H3PO4 has the best pore size of 5.43μm. As the pore size of the activated carbon increases, it has caused increased capacitance and decreased internal resistance of the material. With the pore size of 5.43μm, the capacitance is 5.88mF/g and the internal resistance of the material is 662.02Ω.
Pengukuran Kadar Oksigen (O2), Kelembaban dan Temperatur di PT. Perkebunan Nusantara XIII
Authors: Ekawati Diah , Sugriwan Iwan , Manik Tetti Novalina
Published: July 2018

Penelitian tentang pembuatan alat ukur kadar oksigen, kelembabn, dan temperatur telah dilakukan. Alat ukur yang dibuat terdiri dari catudaya, penguat tak membalik, sensor oksigen KE-50, modul SHT11, dan modul mikrokontroler ATMega8535. Sensor KE-50 memiliki tegangan keluaran yang positif, nilai tersebut tidak dapat terbaca oleh mikrokontroler, sehingga perlu dikuatkan dengan penguat tak membalik. SHT11 memiliki tegangan keluaran digital dan sudah terkalibrasi oleh pabrik, sehingga SHT11 langsung bisa dihubungkan dengan modul mikrokontroler. Penentuan persamaan karakteristik sensor KE-50 didapatkan dari perkalian tegangan keluaran sensor pada keadaan bebas dengan persamaan karakteristik penguat yang telah dikarakterisasi. Hasil penentuan persamaan karakteristik sensor KE-50 didapatkan persamaan karakteristik tegangan = 39.852x + 0.0117  Volt yang membentuk kurva linier dengan nilai x adalah oksigen. Faktor koreksi pada persamaan karateristik tersebut adalah 0,0117 dan R² = 1.  Alat ukur yang dibuat dapat dignakan untuk mengukur kadar oksigen, kelembaban, dan temperatur pada lahan perkebunan kelapa sawit..
Rancang Bangun Interpreter On Board Diagnosis II(OBDII)
Authors: Firdaus Sukma
Published: July 2018

Telah dibuat interpreter On Board Diagnostic II (OBDII) menggunakan ic ELM 327. Untuk menjalankan ic ELM 327 ini digunakan kristal pembangkit detak sebesar 4.00MHz. Ic ELM 327 mendukung protokol pembacaan OBDII untuk beberapa jenis mobil yang diproduksi oleh perusahaan automotive sejak tahun 1996. Ic ELM 327 terhubung dengan port OBDII yang berada dibawah dashboard sisi pengemudi. Komuniksi interpreter dengan control sistem yang berfungsi sebagai pengirim perintah pembacaan data dan pemprosesan lanjutan menggunakan protokol Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter(UART). Rancangan Interpreter menggunakan standar J1979 untuk mengakses Parameter Ids (PID). PID yang diakses dalam penelitian ini adalah Throttle Position Sensor, Revolutions Per Minute(RPM) putaran mesin dan suhu kerja mesin yang dibaca melalui suhu cairan pendingin mesin. Untuk dapat membacanya, diperlukan pengaksesan terhadap registryPID. Untuk PIDT hrottle Position Sensoradalah 0x11, PID RPM putaran mesin adalah 0x0C dan untuk PID cairan pendingin mesin adalah 0x05. Dalam pengujian interpreter ini, diperoleh hasil RPM putaran mesin saat itu adalah sebesar 1956 RPM, hasil ini sesuai dengan jarum penunjuk pada panel instrument mobil, untuk persentase valve throttle terbuka sebesar 20% dengan suhu kerja mesin saat itu adalah sebesar 87oC. Dengan diperolehnyarawdata tersebut, menjadikan interpreter ini dapat melakukan proses lanjutan untuk menjadi tools evaluasi dari unjuk kerja mesin atau hanya sebatas data monitoring saja.