bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SURDEZ, EDUCAÇÃO E SAUDE: uma revisão sistemática de dissertações e teses produzidas entre os anos de 1987 e 2020
Authors: Meira Fernanda Meira , Rahme Mônica Maria Farid
Published: March 2024

Este artigo teve como objetivo identificar as produções acadêmicas sobre surdez realizadas nas grandes áreas do conhecimento de Ciências Humanas e Ciências da Saúde, correlacionando surdez-educação e surdez-saúde. Trata-se de uma análise sistemática feita através dos microdados disponíveis no Portal Brasileiro de Dados Abertos no Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES (1987-2020), tendo como referência as palavras-chave surdez, surdo, deficiente auditivo e deficiência auditiva. A busca possibilitou localizar 1843 estudos. Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão por grande área do conhecimento, título e palavras-chave, 1675 teses e dissertações foram selecionadas e analisadas em duas etapas,sendo a primeira com informações relativas às variáveis: ano da publicação, região, estado, grande área do conhecimento, área do conhecimento, sexo do (a) autor (a) e nível da produção (dissertação ou tese). A segunda etapa constou da análise dos dados textuais das palavras-chave com software Iramuteq através da Análise Fatorial Confirmatória (AFC), Classificação hierárquica descendente (CHD), Similitude e nuvem de palavras. Os resultados apontam o aumento de pesquisas na área da surdez relacionado ao crescimento das pesquisas em Ciências Humanas, processo em curso desde 1990. Observou-se, também, que as pesquisas em Ciências da Saúde correlacionam-se mais fortemente aos aspectos clínicos da surdez, o que sofreu alterações em função do aumento de pesquisas em Fonoaudiologia relacionadas a questões linguísticas e sociais. Já nas pesquisas em Ciências Humanas predominam estudos relacionados à perspectiva socioantropológica da surdez com foco nalíngua de sinais, cultura surda e identidade surda.
EDUCAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA PELA INICIAÇÃO À PESQUISA NA FORMAÇÃO DO PROFESSOR DE LÍNGUAS
Authors: Freitas Mirella de Oliveira , Farah Bárbara de Freitas , Silva Wagner Rodrigues
Published: March 2024

Este artigo relata um estudo de natureza qualitativa, realizado no campo da Linguística Aplicada (LA). Discute a importância da educação científica para uma formação inicial de professores de línguas que seja sustentável e que se constitua como forma de resistência a desigualdades e exclusões validadas por relações de poder estabelecidas. Para tanto, assume perspectiva transgressiva de educação científica, elegendo as ciências da linguagem como campo legítimo de práticas científicas e buscando romper com a relação hierarquizada entre ensino e pesquisa. Teve como aporte metodológico a análise documental respaldada na Teoria Ator-Rede, focalizando relatórios de iniciação científica produzidos por acadêmicos das licenciaturas em Letras da Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT), no contexto do Programa Institucional de Iniciação Científica (PIBIC). O objetivo foi examinar a formação científica dos bolsistas pesquisadores do programa, com possíveis desdobramentos para sua atuação profissional. As análises sinalizaram a possibilidade de se formarem estudantes-professores-pesquisadores mais reflexivos, críticos e produtores de conhecimentos e saberes; ademais, que possam transitar entre os espaços pedagógico e científico atendendo a demandas sociocientíficas. Além do aporte teórico que investiga língua(gem) e formação de professores a partir da LA, dialoga com autores da educação científica e das ciências sociais.
Experiencias de personas trabajadoras del hogar acerca de sus condiciones laborales vinculadas a su salud
Authors: Colunga-Rodríguez Bertha Alicia , Martínez Dulce Liliana Carreño , Ángel-González Mario , Orozco-Solis Mercedes Gabriela , Vázquez-Colunga Julio César , Vázquez-Juárez Claudia Liliana , Colunga-Rodriguez Cecilia
Published: March 2024

De acuerdo con la OIT (2011), las Personas Trabajadoras del Hogar son una fuerza considerable de trabajo en el sector informal y se ubican entre los trabajadores más vulnerados. Lo anterior resulta relevante al considerar que el 93% de esta población son mujeres, y es uno de los contextos laborales con más desventajas (Lexartza et al., 2016; Velázquez et al., 2020). Objetivo: Describir las experiencias de sus condiciones laborales vinculadas con la salud desde la perspectiva de trabajadoras del hogar. Método: Diseño cualitativo, fenomenológico. Con muestra propositiva, se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a seis trabajadoras del hogar utilizando la técnica de bola de nieve para la muestra, estableciendo el criterio de saturación de datos para determinar el tamaño muestral, el criterio de inclusión fue que estuvieran empleadas en el momento de la entrevista, mayores de 18 años y aceptaran participar voluntariamente. Se realizaron categorías de análisis por medio de la lectura vertical y horizontal, segmentando y reduciendo los datos. Las categorías se validaron por dos lectores expertos. Resultados: Ninguna participante cuentan con un contrato de trabajo, no tienen acceso a la seguridad social, la mitad de ellas ha tenido alguna vez aguinaldo y solo una lo ha tenido todos los años. Las participantes trabajadoras del hogar refieren que desconocen los derechos que la Ley Federal del Trabajo les otorga, suponen que las prestaciones de ley son consideraciones de los empleadores porque son buenos patrones. No refieren los riesgos físicos, químicos, ergonómicos, biológicos o psicosociales, aunque sí reconocen la sobrecarga de trabajo y algunas molestias músculo esqueléticas, fatiga y lesiones, derivadas de su trabajo. Conclusiones: Las empleadas del hogar refieren entre sus experiencias la ausencia de contratos en sus relaciones laborales, por lo que consideran que dichas relaciones son informales ya que en sus discursos se encuentran expresiones como a la señora que le ayudo y no en términos laborales.

Prestaciones de Ley como vacaciones y días de descanso, se conceden a las trabajadoras, en función de las necesidades del empleador sin previo aviso, es decir, si la persona empleadora tiene que salir por una emergencia o por vacaciones entonces decide que esos días son cuando descasará el personal de trabajo del hogar. Cuando el acceso a la seguridad social, horas extras o aguinaldo son otorgadas por la persona empleadora se considera como un acto de buena voluntad o un rasgo de benevolencia y no como una obligación patronal.
Características metodológicas de la enseñanza del razonamiento profesional en kinesiología: Estudio cualitativo
Authors: Araya-Ávila Jonathan , Alfaro Javiera Reyes , Ávila Liliana Araya , Cabello Máximo Escobar
Published: March 2024

Antecedentes. La formación inicial de profesionales de la salud ha mantenido una disfunción declarada en Alma Ata que expuso las dificultades del razonamiento condicionado por la asimilación mímica en la resolución de problemas. Objetivo. Conocer las características metodológicas de los procesos que son utilizados en la enseñanza del Razonamiento Profesional (RP) en estudiantes de Kinesiología. Metodología. Estudio cualitativo interpretativo realizado con un muestro razonado, mediante Entrevistas Semiestructuradas (ESE) a 9 docentes referentes (DR), expertos en RP, pertenecientes a universidades acreditadas por medio de grabaciones realizadas en plataforma Microsoft TEAMS®. Estos datos fueron recogidos durante 2020-2023 en 5 escuelas de Kinesiología chilenas seleccionadas por evidencias curriculares y ranking. Resultados. Las temáticas emergentes identificadas en las entrevistas de profesores, fueron transcritas y codificadas utilizando el Software Atlas. ti®. Constatando que las características del Estudio-Análisis de Casos en distintas aplicaciones, se destaca como la metodología predominante en la enseñanza del RP, mientras que el instrumento de evaluación que tuvo mayor recurrencia fue la Rúbrica. Conclusiones:. Existe una variada gama de estrategias utilizadas por DR expertos para enseñar RP las cuales están compuestas por metodologías tradicionales y recursos activos de mayor protagonismo para el estudiante, con vertientes teóricas y prácticas que se caracterizan por el momento formativo, el modelo seleccionado, y la imprecisa articulación taxonómica de estrategias e instrumentos de evaluación lo que advierte respecto de una necesaria mayor integralidad de factores para el aprendizaje del RP.
Elaboração de sistemas de organização do conhecimento
Authors: Ribeiro Nivaldo Calixto
Published: March 2024

Como atividade que subsidia a prática pedagógica no contexto da disciplina Organização do Conhecimento e da Informação, no Programa de Pós-graduação Gestão e Organização do Conhecimento (PPGGOC), da Escola de Ciência da Informação da UFMG, foi proposto como trabalho final, a elaboração dos seguintes instrumentos de organização do conhecimento: Taxonomia, Sistema de Classificação, Tesauro e Ontologia, além de um Mapa conceitual e Glossário, todos apresentados nos apêndices de A a F. Estes instrumentos foram criados com base no texto base: “Web semântica: uma proposta de produção de sentidos para a recuperação de informações no ciberespaço” Fabíola Maria Pereira Bezerra e Virginia Bentes Pinto. O presente trabalho proporcionou a compreensão, por meio da prática, como são elaborados e desenvolvidos alguns tipos de sistemas de organização do conhecimento, como o glossário, os mapas conceituais, as taxonomias, os sistemas de classificação, os tesauros e as ontologias que apoiam a gestão da conhecimento em sistemas informacionais. É importante considerar, a importância dos sistemas: Thesa, Protege, Drawing que auxiliaram no suporte para criação de cada instrumentos. Sem esses recursos a atividade demandaria um tempo maior. Além disso, os encontros remotos, por meio do Google Meeting também tiveram sua relevância para o desenvolvimento da disciplina e das atividades. As dificuldades encontradas estão relacionadas ao manuseio das ferramentas apoio utilizadas nas construção dos sistemas de organização do conhecimento propostos. Ainda, dificultou o desenvolvimento deste  trabalho falta de domínio autor do tema proposto: Web semântica.
Cave mine pillar stability analysis using machine learning
Authors: Quevedo R.J. , Sari Y.A. , McKinnon S.D.
Published: March 2024

The large scale of cave mines leads to many challenges, including operational logistics and geomechanics design. In current practice, pillar stability assessment relies almost exclusively on stress analysis. However, stability is also affected by other factors including those related to operational aspects of the mining method, the effects of which are difficult to account for during the design stages. In this paper we present a case study of the application of a machine learning approach to evaluate the influence of these operational factors on pillar stability at the Chuquicamata underground cave mine in northern Chile. Due to the likely multi-factorial damage process leading to collapses and considering the different pillar conditions, a tree-based machine learning method was used and analysed to improve the understanding of the relative importance of the various contributing factors. Unlike stress analysis methods, it does not require any a priori knowledge of failure mechanisms, nor the calibration of associated controlling parameters. The proposed random forest model predicted pillar collapses with 80% accuracy despite limited samples to model from. The main contributing factors to collapses were found to be related to available pillar volume, cave front geometry, and time under abutment stress conditions. The effects and interactions of such factors were also studied, showing that careful and improved control over operational conditions can significantly reduce the likelihood of pillar collapses. These conclusions could not have been obtained from stress analysis alone, illustrating the complementary nature of conventional stress analysis and machine learning approaches.
Por una educación plurilingüe. Les Petits émigrés de Félicité de Genlis
Authors: IBEAS-ALTAMIRA Juan Manuel
Published: March 2024

Desde su retiro a Bellechasse para encargarse de la educación de los hijos del duque de Orléans, el compromiso de Félicité de Genlis con la educación plurilingüe es inquebrantable. Esta obsesión por la formación políglota resultó fundamental durante las vivencias de la emigración de los jóvenes aristócratas posterior a la revolución francesa. La autora recogió todas esas experiencias vividas y las introdujo en su novela epistolar Les petits émigrés, ou correspondance de quelques enfants publicada por primera vez en 1798. Esta obra cuenta la historia de un grupo de jóvenes emigrados aristocráticos que gracias a su multilingüismo puede disimular su origen y camuflarse en la Europa de finales del siglo XVIII. Este artículo se propone abordar el rasgo multilingüe en la caracterización de los personajes como un rasgo nuevo de la literatura postrevolucionaria anunciadora de un mundo nuevo y de una nueva relación entre los países y sus culturas.
« A Name More Like the Real Me ». Shifting Names and Languages in Sandra Cisneros’s The House on Mango Street
Authors: NUNN Tessa
Published: March 2024

Dans The House on Mango Street (1984) de Sandra Cisneros, la narratrice, une enfant mexicano-américaine bilingue, engage une lutte avec les noms et les mots pour s'interroger sur leurs différentes significations. Les noms et les mots en anglais ancrent les personnages bilingues dans un environnement spécifique, celui des États-Unis, tandis que les noms et les mots en espagnol rappellent leur héritage ethnique et les situations dans lesquelles ils sont traités comme des étrangers. Vivant dans ce que Gloria Anzaldúa appelle une zone frontalière entre la culture mexicaine et la culture anglo-américaine, la narratrice, qui souhaite changer de prénom, apprend à construire son identité à travers les histoires qu'elle raconte. Les enfants de ce roman oscillent entre deux attitudes : considérer les noms et les mots comme entités arbitraires, au sens saussurien du terme, d'une part ; d'autre part, l'investissement des mots dans le pouvoir de déterminer le destin d'une personne ou d'une chose. La sensibilité linguistique de la narratrice bilingue l'aide à déconstruire et à critiquer les notions figées dans les communautés latino et anglo-américaines. Le bilinguisme accroît la sensibilité de la narratrice aux possibilités de la langue, tout en lui permettant de venir en aide à sa communauté, dont elle raconte les histoires.
Claude Esteban y la búsqueda de un nuevo lenguaje. Un testimonio lingüístico del trauma
Authors: RODRÍGUEZ VARELA Rita
Published: March 2024

Profesor de español, poeta en lengua francesa y traductor, Claude Esteban es a simple vista un ejemplo del enriquecimiento que supone compartir dos lenguas. Sin embargo, si nos adentramos en su obra Le partage des mots (1990), podemos observar cómo ese bilingüismo fue vivido en un inicio como una experiencia traumática. Esteban nos habla de esa dualidad lingüística como de un elemento que le niega la estabilidad identitaria. Este estudio pretende profundizar en esa experiencia traumática descrita por el autor hasta llegar al encuentro de la poesía, lenguaje liberador que le otorga estabilidad. En primer lugar, se analizarán las repercusiones que la dualidad lingüística tiene en la formación identitaria del autor. En segundo lugar, se observará cómo esa percepción traumática del idioma lo lleva a rechazar sus orígenes. Finalmente, se estudiará cómo el encuentro con la poesía le permite convivir y beneficiarse de la presencia de dos lenguas en su vida.
Luttes contre le racisme environnemental et pour la défense de la vie en Amérique latine et au Brésil
Authors: ROUGEON Marina , MOTA Clarice , TRAD Leny
Published: March 2024

Née aux Etats-Unis, l’idée de racisme environnemental a gagné progressivement une visibilité dans le débat environnemental au Brésil. Elle est présente à la fois dans les travaux universitaires comme dans les discours des militants écologistes, et se trouve généralement associée au concept d’injustice environnementale et à l’approche de l’écologie politique, qui a gagné dernièrement une place prédominante en Amérique Latine. Nous proposons de nous consacrer à la notion de racisme environnemental en considérant ses origines, trajectoires, usages, controverses et limites. Pour ce faire nous ferons un parallèle entre Etats-Unis et Amérique latine, en signalant les éléments communs et les différences de posture, surtout en ce qui concerne le colonialisme et le capitalisme. Puis nous nous intéresserons au cas du Brésil, et analyserons les particularités de l’interface entre justice-injustice-racisme environnemental. Enfin, nous signalerons les horizons alternatifs que cette question soulève. Basées sur les modes de vie, les ontologies et cosmologies locales, ces utopies gagnent une place de plus en plus importante dans le débat environnemental en Amérique latine, notamment autour des thématiques comme les droits humains, les droits de la nature et les territoires. Nos réflexions seront guidées ici par une analyse critique et décoloniale des questions environnementales.
Para além das emergências
Authors: TRAD Leny , NUNES João , ALZATE LÓPEZ Yeimi Alexandra , PASSOS DOS SANTOS Edneia Carla , MOTA Clarice
Published: March 2024

Este capitulo discute a produção de negligência, os conceitos de vulnerabilidade e vulnerabilização e suas imbricações. Incorpora estes elementos teóricos na análise de dois problemas de saúde: a leptpospirore urbana e a leishamnaiose cutânea, a partir de casos de estudos no Brasil. São enfermidades que integram o elenco das chamadas “doenças negligenciadas”, e cuja incidência encontra-se claramente associada com profundas desigualdades e problemas ambientais.
Avoir de l’eau en ville
Authors: JACQUEMOT Armelle
Published: March 2024

De 2012 à 2016, le projet COQUEIRAL a réuni des chercheurs français et brésiliens de différentes disciplines des géosciences et des sciences sociales pour étudier l'impact des activités humaines sur les aquifères côtiers surexploités de la région métropolitaine de Recife, confrontée à une dégradation croissante de ses ressources en eau souterraine, tant quantitative que qualitative. Cette étude était d’autant plus pertinente que Recife est désormais un hotspot du changement climatique : construite par atterrements successifs, elle est menacée par la hausse des températures et la montée des eaux, tout comme par la baisse du niveau piézométrique et par la salinisation des eaux des aquifères, pourtant indispensables au réseau public et aux puits privés.
Je présenterai d’abord les grandes lignes du projet pour insister ensuite sur la contribution et les apports spécifiques de l’anthropologie à cette recherche. L’approche ethnographique des « Représentations, pratiques et usages de l'eau dans les quartiers pauvres et aisés de Recife » a en effet montré, contre les statistiques, que l’intermittence de l’approvisionnement en eau est la règle à Recife et alimente une injustice spatiale qui renforce les inégalités sociales dans une ville déjà marquée par une forte ségrégation socio-spatiale. Je développerai ce constat en focalisant le propos sur les multiples stratégies individuelles développées par les habitants de Recife pour faire face à l’intermittence. Leur rapport à l’eau est, toutes appartenances sociales confondues, dominé par la peur de manquer et la défiance envers la qualité de l’eau du réseau public. Je monterai que les pratiques et modalités qui relèvent des trois grands piliers identifiés de la gestion domestique de l'eau - approvisionnement, stockage et utilisation - sont des réponses adaptatives aux carences de l'approvisionnement public. Si elles visent à en minimiser les impacts, tant sur la quantité que sur la qualité de l'eau dont on peut disposer, nous verrons aussi qu’elles induisent des comportements prédateurs vis-à-vis de la ressource en eau qui contribuent à sa détérioration.
As tramas da produção de negligência da leptospirose urbana em Salvador
Authors: PASSOS DOS SANTOS Edneia Carla , TRAD Leny , ALZATE LÓPEZ Yeimi Alexandra
Published: March 2024

A partir do momento em que as cidades crescem e se transformam sem planejamento, aumentam, também, ambientes vulneráveis a riscos de desastres e problemas de saúde pública. No Brasil, a Leptospirose é um problema de saúde endêmico, principalmente em territórios onde os direitos básicos são ausentes para seus moradores. Apresenta-se aqui uma discussão crítica sobre o processo de produção de negligência em relação a leptospirose urbana, considerando as percepções e atuação de profissionais da APS. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, realizado no bairro popular Alto do Cabrito de Salvador/BA. Foram incluídos profissionais de saúde (diferentes categorias) que atuam na Unidade de Saúde do bairro. Foram realizadas 14 entrevistas semiestruturadas, 1 grupo focal com Agentes Comunitários em Saúde e a observação participante com registros no diário de campo. A análise de conteúdo temática foi adotada para o processo de análise e interpretação dos dados. Os resultados apontam a leptospirose como uma doença da pobreza marcada pela invisibilidade de dados populacionais que impedem o reconhecimento maior da população, sua carga de incidência, como também, a naturalização da presença/convivência numerosa dos ratos nas casas e ruas do bairro e a inação dos profissionais de saúde que ali atuam; algo que está atrelado diretamente com as lacunas nas formações e informacionais sobre a doença em seu contexto socioambiental. A ausência de ações intersetoriais unida ao subdiagnóstico clinico, a subnotificação e o próprio descaso com a população acometida, fundamenta discursos segregatícios, de marginalização e menosprezo. Considera-se que a leptospirose é uma doença negligenciada e que a interface saúde-ambiente-cuidado nas práticas de profissionais é incipiente e ineficaz. Ações urgentes são necessárias para atuar abre a produção da negligencia e diminuir as iniquidades de saúde.
L’apocalypse nucléaire et l’esthétisation musicale du paroxysme de la terreur
Authors: GUILLOT Matthieu
Published: March 2024

On souhaite creuser ici cet énorme paradoxe apparent : l’évocation ou l’utilisation musicale d’un motif de terreur mondial absolu, celui de la bombe atomique. Motif inclus dans le sujet (narratif ou autre) de certaines œuvres de la seconde moitié du XXe siècle, et du début de ce XXIe siècle. Alors que toute terreur imposerait en principe le silence absolu – parce qu’elle foudroie toute velléité poétique. Musicalement, une dramaturgie, une prétention dramaturgique en lien avec l’arme atomique, est-elle seulement envisageable, possible ? « Qu’y a-t-il à entendre/faire entendre d’un tel sujet à travers la musique ? », s’interroge le musicien. « Ce dont on ne peut parler il faut le taire », pointait Wittgenstein : sentence que la création musicale a décidé d’ignorer – tel est sans doute son rôle historique premier, aller au-delà du grand silence biologique – et d’expérimenter un commentaire, construire un énoncé, sollicité par l’horreur qui doit s’incarner dans les sons. Mais quel type d’univers sonore doit résonner face à – ou posé en vis-à-vis de – l’horreur nucléaire ? S’agirait-il d’épouser le syndrome du requiem, cette vieille forme musicale, ou d’élever un « monument aux morts » – évoqué par le cinéaste Alain Resnais à propos de ses films Nuit et brouillard et Hiroshima mon amour ?
Le crépuscule des patriotes
Authors: PALACIOS Miguel
Published: March 2024

Miguel Palacios met en scène une situation extrême pendant les premiers jours (juillet 1936) de la guerre civile espagnole à Séville : un fils, capitaine au service des Nationalistes ( en espagnol « Nacionales » ou « rebeldes ») de Queipo de Llano qui vient de prendre Séville, essaie de convaincre son père, colonel républicain, de se soumettre pour éviter la mort.
Imágenes de la ciudad tras la fachada de una biografía
Authors: LÓPEZ CRUZ Humberto
Published: March 2024

Dulce María Loynaz, en su Fe de vida, propone narrar la historia de su segundo esposo, aunque, a medida que transcurren los recuerdos, su yo escritural se adueña del discurso autobiográfico y desplaza la intención inicial para así concentrarse en aspectos de su propia vida que siempre quiso narrar. Aquí se explora la imagen citadina que ofrece la poeta y que se impone en un texto donde la palabra de Loynaz, sea o no una percepción imaginativa de su realidad, funge como la única voz autorizada en la narrativa.
Ficción y no ficción en el “caso” Callejas
Authors: MORENO Fernando
Published: March 2024

En este artículo presento un conjunto de textos que han dado cuenta y ficcionalizado uno de los hechos más conocidos del sistema de horror impuesto por la dictadura chilena. Se trata del caso de Mariana Callejas, una escritora que fue además agente de la DINA, casada con el también agente Michael Townley. En la vivienda de ambos, Callejas organizó veladas literarias a las que asistían conocidos o noveles representantes del mundo intelectual. Pero la casa era también un centro de detención y tortura y un laboratorio donde se experimentaban armas químicas para liquidar a los opositores. Comento entonces aquí cómo los autores reseñados dan cuenta de esos sucesos y, en particular, la perspectiva y la apuesta de la ficción para medirse con la no ficción y sondear los abismos de esa historia.
Roman head-shaped glass vessels from Hungary
Authors: Dévai Kata
Published: March 2024

The paper presents two head-shaped vessels from Hungary: a glass bottle from a late Roman cemetery at Intercisa and a janiform bottle from a grave in Csongrád, i.e., the Sarmatian Barbaricum. Thanks to large-scale immigration from the East, the fort and vicus of Intercisa had a significant eastern influence. The most famous unit garrisoned there was the Syrian Cohors I millaria Hemesenorum sagittariorum equitatia civium Romanorum, originally stationed in the Syrian town of Hemesa, where many civilians may have accompanied the troops and moved to Intercisa. Settled down there, the new residents imported several objects from the East, including the two head-shaped vessels presented here.
Tiszakürt-Zsilke-tanya
Authors: Gulyás Bence , Pásztor Eszter , Fehér Kristóf , Libor Csilla , Szeniczey Tamás , Aradi László Előd , Fülöp Réka , Lyublyanovics Kyra
Published: March 2024

A cemetery section comprising 35 burials was excavated at the site of Tiszakürt-Zsilke-tanya. The burial rites suggest that the community who interred their dead here was of East European steppe origin, settled primarily east of the Tisza River. The graves were poorly furnished; the main chronological indicators are melon seed-shaped beads and two pairs of earrings with big bead pendants. Based on these, the cemetery section can be dated between the 640s and the 680s. The archaeological analysis is complemented by an anthropological, archaeozoological, and pottery analysis, as well as a study of metal and glass composition.
Chronological problems of the 7th–10th-century AD Carpathian Basin in light of radiocarbon data
Authors: Szenthe Gergely , Faragó Norbert , Gáll Ervin
Published: March 2024

The study presents the evaluation of a radiocarbon series, currently unparalleled in the research of the early medieval Carpathian Basin, which comprises data from the 7th to the 10th century AD. We provide a data set that, when combined with the radiocarbon data available in the related literature, covers the period in focus. The results of its analysis can be considered novel in several respects: 1) the radiocarbon data sequence and the relative chronological framework established for the Late Avar Period concord, 2) based on the radiocarbon sequence, the Middle Avar Period in certain large cemeteries (i.e., Tiszafüred-Majoros) started considerably earlier than it was assumed previously, based on ‘Middle Avar Period’ elite graves—and, interestingly, earlier even than the coin-dated ‘Middle Avar’ elite grave horizon, and 3) the data of the latest grave horizon in Avar cemeteries suggests a similar asynchronism between the related sites. The data set allows one to draw preliminary conclusions about the trends of the early medieval cultural and social transformations in the Carpathian Basin and outline ‘innovative’ groups which, by maintaining contacts with diverse regions outside the Carpathian Basin, played a central role in these processes.
Excavation of a Roman settlement in the north-western hinterland of Aquincum (Óbuda, Hungary) at Pilisszentiván
Authors: Simon Bence , Joháczi Szilvia , Müller Ákos , Rupnik László
Published: March 2024

As part of a new research project and a local history research project, a team of the Institute of Archaeological Sciences of the Eötvös Loránd University and the Archeovertex Ltd. excavated a Roman rural settlement in the territory of Pilisszentiván. The settlement is located in the northwestern hinterland of the Roman town of Aquincum (today: Óbuda, Hungary) in a scarcely investigated area. We documented the previously uncovered but unpublished remains of three buildings and made new observations on the chronology and function of the excavated settlement part.
Неравенство равных. Концепция и феномен ресентимента
Authors: Фишман Леонид
Published: March 2024

Прошло больше столетия с тех пор, как Фридрих Ницше и Макс Шелер заговорили о феномене ресентимента. Но существует ли он на самом деле? Какое отношение к современности имеет реальная и вымышленная классиками "аристократия", с позиций которой оспаривающие ее господство социальные группы обличаются в ресентименте? Может быть, правильнее вести речь не о ресентименте, а о специфической, обусловленной положением социальной позиции — о "взгляде, обнаруживающем ресентимент"? Если же ресентимент все-таки существует, то каким образом его современные многочисленные облики связаны с классическими описаниями? Не стал ли ресентимент неустранимой нормой модерновых обществ, и с чем это связано? Ответам на эти и другие вопросы посвящена данная монография, адресованная политологам, социологам, философам и всем интересующимся проблемами трансформации современных обществ.
AN IMPROVED METHOD FOR DETECTING RANDOM RADIO SIGNALS BY DEVIATIONS OF THE MAIN SIGNAL PARAMETERS
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Kyiv, Ukraine, Laptev Alexander , Laptev Serhii ,   State University of Telecommunications, Kyiv, Ukraine, Lapteva Tatiana ,   State University of Telecommunications, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: March 2024

The article proposes an improved method for determining random radio signals that can be signals of illegan means of obtaining information. The novelty of the method is to determine the deviation of the main parameters of the signals from the specified parameters. The method combines methods for determining the deviation of the amplitude from the amplitude of signals of means legally operating in this radio range and a method for determining the phases of random signals. The signals of the means of illegal obtaining information are determined by the standard deviation (variance) of the amplitudes and phases of the signals. To determine the means of illegal obtaining information, it is proposed in the first stage to determine the deviation of the amplitude from the amplitude of the signals of legally operating devices or from the amplitude of the signals of the file "sample", in the second stage to determine the deviation of signal phases. Thus, the two parameters of the deviation of the amplitude and phase can with high probability determine the signals of the means of covert receipt of information. By measuring the signal parameters of legally operating devices and using these parameters as parameters of the "sample" file, the probability of determining random signals is significantly increased. This is achieved by significantly reducing the time by excluding known signals from the additional software analysis of a given radio range. To confirm the proposed improved method, modeling of the method of determining the deviation of the amplitude and the method of determining the phases of random signals, which are possible and are signals of the means of illegal obtaing information. The obtained graphic materials, which fully confirm the possibility of determining the signal the means of illegal obtaing of information by the proposed method.
MAPPING THE LINKS BETWEEN RESOURCE EFFICIENCY AND THE INNOVATIVE CAPACITY OF NATIONAL ECONOMIES
Authors: Kravchenko S. I.
Published: March 2024

The article examines studying the relationship between the level of innovation in different countries and the efficiency of their resource use, in order to better understand the potential impact of increased adoption of new technologies on the responsible use of resources in the future. Two country’s samples were created for the study: the first includes 36 world economies, with calculations of energy and labour resource use efficiency, taking into account the size of the economy and the level of innovation achieved; the second sample includes data on the material footprint of 121 countries, along with levels of innovation and economic development. The empirical confirmation of the hypothesis that there is a relationship between the level of economic innovation achieved and the efficiency of resource use is a key finding. Furthermore, the results of the correlation analysis indicate a direct and close relationship between a country’s economic innovativeness and its consumption volume of natural resources. This relationship can be described by a linear function. The analysis also confirms that as the population’s welfare and economic innovativeness grow, the state’s material footprint increases. The study is of theoretical and practical importance, encouraging the improvement of tools to ensure innovative development based on responsible production and consumption of resources. This approach aims to achieve better results at the same cost. Identifying the necessary factors related to innovative activity and efficient resource use by enterprises, as well as establishing functional dependencies between these variables, represent prospective areas for further research. In addition, a detailed examination of the experiences of Russian companies and their implications regional differentiation in terms of innovation and resource efficiency is a logical next step.
Institutes of representative democracy in the scientific heritage of Professor E. I. Kozlova
Authors: Varlen M. V.
Published: March 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis and consolidation of the main conclusions about the legal nature and features of domestic institutions of representative democracy in the works of Professor, Doctor of Law Ekaterina Ivanovna Kozlova. It is concluded that representative bodies and the will of the people remained the scientific interest of the founder of modern constitutionalism throughout his entire research career. From the point of view of the timeless nature of judgments and law enforcement in current realities, the elements and institutions of representative democracy are analyzed: sessional order of work; meetings as a form of activity; the formation of auxiliary and working bodies, which, in turn, cannot be classified as independent institutions of representative democracy; feedback, reports, preliminary discussions of decisions as a form of communication between deputies and voters; the principle of transparency and detailed legal regulation of activities. Ekaterina Ivanovna’s negative assessment of the rejection of the procedure for constituting representative bodies is supported.
The content of the Institute of Democracy in the works of E. I. Kozlova
Authors: Ponomarenko A. N.
Published: March 2024

The article analyzes the legacy of Professor E. I. Kozlova in terms of fundamental research of the concept and content of the institute of democracy. The content of the institute of democracy is the subject of research by many constitutionalists of different times, since this institution occupies one of the leading places in constitutional law. The constitutional principle of democracy underlies the system of organization of public power, and is also fundamental to the functioning of a democratic state. Special attention is paid to approaches in understanding the subject of democracy in both a socialist and a democratic state. Based on the study of the works of E. I. Kozlova, it is noted that there are similar trends in the transformation of the institution of democracy in the socialist state (USSR) and currently (Russian Federation).
Some Issues of Realization of the Principle of People’s Power in Modern Russia
Authors: Mazurevskii K. S.
Published: March 2024

The article analyzes the scientific heritage of Professor E.I. Kozlova in terms of her study of the implementation of the principle of people’s power. In her works Ekaterina Ivanovna Kozlova investigated the evolution of the conceptual foundations of people’s power in the Russian Federation. Her ideas are reflected in the modern doctrine of constitutional law. The article reveals the development of the ideas of people’s representation in modern Russia, taking into account the development of society and scientific and technological progress, analyzes the creation of new existing mechanisms for the implementation of the principle of people’s power. Special attention is paid to the ideological foundations of people’s power based on pluralism of opinions in the light of the emerging public debate on the possibility of return to a mandatory state ideology. The article also considers the institute of preliminary voting (primaries) as an effective feedback mechanism between voters and political parties, contributing to the transparency of the modern political system of Russia. It also reviews the existing electoral systems used in the Russian Federation for the election of public authorities at the regional and municipal levels and analyzes trends in their development.
Social development of Russian society at the turn of the 30th anniversary of the Constitution: prospects and expectations. In Memory of Ekaterina Ivanovna Kozlova
Authors: Shalberkina M. N.
Published: March 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the current state of Russian society, its social development at the turn of the 30th anniversary of the Constitution. The author, relying on the judgments of Ekaterina Ivanovna Kozlova devoted to the formation of the current statehood, turns to the assessment of ensuring compliance of constitutional provisions with the social reality of Russian society, the constitutional approaches laid down, the results achieved, the planned prospects and expectations. The modern development of Russian society follows the path of democratization and socialization. The ongoing legal transformations contribute to this. The social development of society is proclaimed the goal of any democratic rule of law state. The social development of Russian society proceeds from the constitutional foundations of the welfare state. The social development of Russian society is carried out through constitutional transformations of social spheres of society aimed at changing the way of life of society, improving well-being, forming socio-economic incentives, increasing social guarantees and updating the modern economy. According to the author, the main directions of social development of Russian society are spiritual and moral (ideological) values, the social potential of the family; economic development.
“Blind spots” in the analysis of computed tomography of the head and neck area
Authors: Nechaev Valentin A. , Vasiliev Alexander Y.
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND: Diagnostic errors in radiology occur in 2–5% of cases and most of them are due to perception errors, when a pathological change is not detected during the initial analysis, although its presence is very obvious during a retrospective analysis. In some cases, the errors appear due to the presence of «blind spots» — anatomical areas that most often go unnoticed when interpreted by a radiologist. It is extremely important to know their features when analyzing the CT study of the head and neck area for a targeted and systematic search for pathology.
AIM: To determine the most common anatomical areas in which radiologists frequently miss pathological changes when analyzing computed tomograms of the head and neck area.
METHODS: We have retrospectively analyzed 62 computed tomography scans of the head and neck region in cancer patients, in which there was no description of additional clinically significant pathological changes at the initial assessment. All the cases of missed pathology were identified after the repeat radiological examination or after the retrospective analysis of the CT study.
RESULTS: Several anatomical zones were identified in which most frequently the pathological findings were not described in the initial analysis of computed tomography studies of the head and neck area: brachiocephalic vessels (n=15; 24,2%), parotid salivary glands (n=10; 16,1%), paranasal sinuses (n=8; 12,9%), lungs and mediastinum (n=9; 14,6%), brain and temporal bones (n=5; 8,1%), soft tissues of the neck (n=4; 6,5%), thyroid gland and cervical spine (n=3; 4,8%).
CONCLUSION: The most common «blind spots» in the analysis of computed tomography scans of the head and neck region have been identified. The knowledge about such regions may potentially lead to the reduced incidence of missed pathology when interpreting a computed tomography study of those anatomical locations.
Postoperative adhesions in urgent gynecological practice — the analysis of etiological and pathophysiological factors
Authors: Gudz Oksana V. , Sulima Anna N.
Published: March 2024

The adhesive process in the abdomen in the postoperative period is still a stumbling block for modern medicine. This is due to the fact that surgical activity is increasing, but there is no common solution for precaution. Complications associated with adhesions after urgent gynecological interventions are some of the causes of infertility, which becomes a problem for not only healthcare and society, the patient and their future, but also the government, as it leads to population decline.
This review is focused on the study of the adhesive process etiology in surgical gynecology and the pathogenesis traits. We analyzed the literature on the Web of Science, eLibrary, Scopus, and PubMed/Medline using the following keywords: “adhesions,” “adhesive process,” “review,” “operations,” “pathogenesis of formation of adhesions,” and “reproductive dysfunction”. The research included full-text sources and literature reviews on the studied subject. Articles not related directly to the topic of the adhesive process in the postoperative period were excluded from the review.
This literature review has demonstrated that despite the ongoing research of scientists all over the world into postoperative adhesion, its etiology and pathogenesis remain not fully understood and disclosed. This dictates the need to continue studying the adhesive process and searching for new solutions in prevention. As far as the attention of surgeons and reproductive specialists is focused on the issues of preventing the adhesive process, we are confident that in the near future, scientists will find a unified solution to this complex problem and practical healthcare specialists will successfully implement it.
Evaluation of serotonin levels in full-term newborns of diabetic mothers
Authors: Zvereva Nataliia A. , Milyutina Yuliya P. , Arutjunyan Alexander V. , Evsyukova Inna I.
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND: The growth of neurological and mental diseases in the offspring of patients with pre- and gestational diabetes mellitus determines the need to study the regulatory function of the serotoninergic system of the brain in newborns. This plays a key role in its morphofunctional development in early ontogenesis, which is necessary for timely diagnosis of disorders and prevention of long-term consequences.
AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate serotonin levels in full-term newborns with diabetic fetopathy from mothers with pre- and gestational diabetes mellitus.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The main group consisted of 45 newborns with diabetic fetopathy, of whom 30 individuals were from mothers with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 15 ones from mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus. The control group comprised 20 healthy full-term newborns from healthy mothers without pregnancy complications. Serotonin concentrations were determined in platelet-rich plasma of blood from the umbilical cord vein, and in a platelet suspension prepared from venous blood taken on the first day of life, using high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection.
RESULTS: Platelet-rich plasma serotonin level in umbilical cord blood taken from newborns of the main group was more than two times lower compared to children of healthy mothers. This parameter in venous blood taken from mothers with type 1 diabetes (0.744 ± 0.117 µmol/l) corresponded to that in healthy patients, while in mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus, it was significantly lower and amounted to 0.331 ± 0.071 µmol/l (p 0.05). Moreover, platelet-rich plasma serotonin level in all newborns correlated with that in their mothers (R = 0.505; p 0.05). Serotonin levels in venous blood platelets of newborns of the main group was almost 2.5 times lower than in healthy ones.
CONCLUSIONS: The data obtained indicate the need to use platelet serotonin values as a biochemical marker of disorders of functional brain development in children with diabetic fetopathy.
Personalized approach to outpatient management of patients taking tamoxifen by gynecologists
Authors: Golubenko Ekaterina O. , Savelyeva Marina I. , Korennaya Vera V. , Podzolkova Natalia M.
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND: 30% of women with luminal breast cancer receiving adjuvant tamoxifen experience disease recurrence within 15 years. This demonstrates the wide variability in clinical response to tamoxifen. Both nongenetic (age, gender, body mass index, duration of drug use) and genetic factors have been described to influence the high variability of response to tamoxifen. Differences in the genes encoding the enzymes CYP2D6, CYP2C, and CYP3A (CYP2D6*4, CYP3A5*3, CYP2C9*2, CYP2C9*3, CYP2C19*2, CYP2C19*3) and the ABCB1 gene (C3435T) may also be the main factors of susceptibility to the occurrence of undesirable effects when taking tamoxifen, which in turn may lead to decreased patient adherence to therapy.
AIM: The aim of this study was to create a concept and an algorithm for a personalized approach to outpatient management of patients taking tamoxifen by a gynecologist in connection with the carriage of polymorphisms of cytochrome P450 and drug transporter genes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 2017–2018, the outpatient records of 230 patients with breast cancer were analyzed retrospectively. A single-stage pharmacogenetic study of 120 women with stage I–III luminal breast cancer taking tamoxifen was conducted prospectively for the presence of cytochrome P450 gene polymorphisms using the polymerase chain reaction method and assessing associations with adverse drug reactions, and 54 patients were interviewed after five-year follow-up to assess adherence and satisfaction with medical supervision.
RESULTS: The likelihood of developing endometrial hyperplasia has been shown to increase while taking tamoxifen with increasing average age, body mass index, duration of tamoxifen use, and postmenopause. Significant associations have been identified between the carriage of the CYP2D6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP3A5, and ABCB1 gene polymorphisms and the development of adverse drug reactions. Predictive models have been developed to determine the risk of adverse drug reactions. All studied adverse drug reactions associated with various genetic polymorphisms predominated in the group of patients who stopped taking tamoxifen due to poor intolerance. Gynecologists regularly observed 57.4% of patients. Moreover, the higher the adherence to therapy was, the higher was the regularity of observation by a gynecologist.
CONCLUSIONS: A plan for outpatient management of patients receiving adjuvant endocrine therapy with tamoxifen by a gynecologist has been developed.