bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Klasa społeczna a poziom i zróżnicowanie rodzinnej aktywności sportowo-rekreacyjnej. Wyniki badań jakościowych
Authors: Organista Natalia , Lenartowicz Michał
Published: October 2019

Artykuł analizuje uwarunkowaną klasowo aktywność sportową i rekreacyjną dzieci i ich rodziców w oparciu o teorię Pierre’a Bourdieu. Celem badania było scharakteryzowanie uczestnictwa w sporcie respondentów z klasy średniej i wyższej (n=64) i ich dzieci oraz sprawdzenie, czy uczestnictwo w sporcie jest uwarunkowane klasowo zgodnie z wzorami zależności prezentowanymi przez Pierre’a Bourdieu w odniesieniu do pola sportu. Skorzystano z częściowo ustrukturyzowanych indywidualnych wywiadów pogłębionych. Wywiady przeprowadzono w okresie od grudnia 2016 do marca 2017 r. na terenie Warszawy i aglomeracji warszawskiej. Wyniki wskazały, iż zarówno aktywność sportowo-rekreacyjna badanych rodziców, jak i ich dzieci odpowiadała klasowym wzorom praktyk sportowych wskazanym przez Bourdieu. Tradycja rodzinna odegrała ważną rolę przy wyborze aktywności dzieci z klasy wyższej. Uprawiały one również więcej dyscyplin sportu niż dzieci z klasy średniej, a te same dyscypliny sportu były uprawianie przez dzieci z obu klas w inny (np. mniej lub bardziej zindywidualizowany, bardziej kosztowny, ściśle nadzorowany przez rodziców) sposób. Artykuł kończy wskazanie konsekwencji klasowo uwarunkowanej aktywności sportowo-rekreacyjnej badanych.
Znaczenie pomników przedsiębiorstw w przestrzeni społecznej
Authors: Laberschek Marcin
Published: October 2019

Pomniki, które znajdują się w przestrzeni społecznej, odnoszą się nie tylko do ważnych dla danej społeczności wydarzeń, postaci i symboli. Istnieją także pomniki związane z funkcjonowaniem różnego typu przedsiębiorstw. Tego rodzaju pomniki, rozumiane jako materialny wyraz kultury organizacyjnej, można rozpatrywać z punktu widzenia nauk o zarządzaniu. Jak każdy pomnik również te związane z przedsiębiorstwami nie pozostają bez wpływu na otoczenie, w tym na przestrzeń społeczną. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest znalezienie odpowiedzi na pytanie, jakie znaczenie w przestrzeni społecznej mają pomniki przedsiębiorstw. Autor dokonał analizy czterdziestu pomników przedsiębiorstw i stwierdził, że ich społeczne znaczenie wyraża się na kilku płaszczyznach: tożsamości organizacji, mitycznej, ideologicznej, estetycznej, inscenizacyjnej i prowokacyjnej.
Rozważania wokół dyskursu nad grami cyfrowymi w oparciu o ich krytykę ze strony Philipa Zimbardo
Authors: Gałuszka Damian
Published: October 2019

Gry cyfrowe są obecnie jednym z ważniejszych mediów ekranowych. Niektórzy badacze przypisują im szczególną rolę we współczesności, którą określają mianem „ery gier”. Niestety medium to jest chyba jedynym tak często narażonym na surową krytykę ze strony różnych grup społecznych: rodziców, nauczycieli, polityków. Zazwyczaj wynika to z niezrozumienia specyfiki gier, a także bezradności. Zdarza się jednak, że radykalne opinie względem gier wyrażają autorytety naukowe. Nie ma w tym nic niepokojącego, jeśli rozważania są oparte na solidnych podstawach. Niestety nie zawsze tak jest, czego przykładem może być książka Philipa Zimbardo i Nikity D. Coulombe pt. Man Interrupted: Why Young Men Are Struggling & What We Can Do about It, w której gry – wespół z pornografią – obwiniane są za tak zwany kryzys męskości. Także publiczna debata, inspirowana kolejnymi sensacyjnymi doniesieniami, bardzo często ma więcej wspólnego z kolejną paniką moralną niż rzeczową wymianą argumentów. Niniejszy tekst stanowi próbę ukazania najważniejszych problemów z dyskursem wokół gier cyfrowych. Składa się on z trzech zasadniczych części: przedstawienia fenomenu gier cyfrowych jako takiego, który wymyka się uproszczeniom i generalizacjom; omówienia typowych zarzutów względem tego medium; oraz ukazania jego edukacyjnego potencjału. Celem takiego ujęcia tematu jest przede wszystkim uświadomienie czytelników, jak łatwo przyjmujemy przesadnie radykalną postawę względem gier cyfrowych, tracąc tym samym szansę na wykorzystanie ich pozytywnego (edukacyjnego, wychowawczego) potencjału. W efekcie proponuję tu pewien schemat dyskusji i myślenia o grach cyfrowych, który przybliża do pełnego wykorzystania możliwości tego fenomenu kulturowego.
Elevage des petits ruminants en Kabylie, Algérie, et perspectives de développement
Authors: Saidani Khelaf , Ziam Hocine , Hamiroune Mourad , Righi Souad , Benakhla Ahmed
Published: October 2019

Une enquête a été menée pour étudier le système d’élevage, l’alimentation, la taille de l’exploitation, les principales races exploitées, certains paramètres de production et de reproduction, et des indicateurs socioéconomiques, notamment liés à la viabilité des exploitations, de 110 élevages ovins et caprins situés dans les wilayas de Bejaia et de Tizi Ouzou en Algérie, de juillet 2016 à janvier 2018. Les élevages étaient de type mixte, de petite taille (moins de 100 têtes) et à tendance viande. L’alimentation était basée sur les ressources sylvopastorales, le fourrage et la complémentation avec des concentrés. Une plus grande diversité de races a été rencontrée chez les ovins que chez les caprins. Par ailleurs, la race ovine Tazegzawt (récemment répertoriée et reconnaissable à ses taches noires à reflets bleuâtres d’où son nom en kabyle) était peu représentée, alors qu’il importerait de la préserver et de l’améliorer. Les petits ruminants étaient généralement abattus avant l’âge d’un an, très rarement après deux ans. Deux à quatre chevreaux ou agneaux naissaient par an. Les contraintes majeures étaient le manque de fourrage et la cherté des aliments, des fibres et des concentrés.
Viande de lapin (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.) enrichie en oméga 3 avec un aliment contenant de l’euphorbe (Euphorbia heterophylla L.)
Authors: Kouakou N’Goran David Vincent , Coulibaly Seydou Ba Mohamed , Angbo-Kouakou Cho Euphrasie Monique , Ahongo Yélèhi Diane , Assidjo Nogbou Emmanuel , Kouba Maryline
Published: October 2019

Euphorbia heterophylla est une adventice dont les feuilles et les tiges peuvent constituer 70 % de l’alimentation des lapins (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.). Par ailleurs, sa teneur en acide-linolénique (ALA, C18:3 n-3) (56 % des acides gras totaux) est proche de celle du lin (Linum usitatissimum). Afin de contribuer à un meilleur équilibre nutritionnel des populations, l’effet de la durée de la supplémentation d’un régime alimentaire à base de granulé (MOD0) par les feuilles et les tiges de cette adventice sur les teneurs en acide linoléique (LA, C18:2 n-6) et en ALA des muscles semimembranosus, longissimus dorsi et du tissu adipeux périrénal des lapins en croissance a été étudié. Le régime témoin (MOD0) a été supplémenté par 50 % de matière sèche d’euphorbe de la naissance a trois mois d’âge (MOD90) ou par 50 % de matière sèche d’euphorbe seulement durant un mois entre 61 et 91 jours d’âge (MOD30). Les ratios LA/ALA étaient de 9,8, 2,1 et 1,5 dans le muscle semimembranosus, de 11,8, 4,6 et 2,1 dans le longissimus dorsi, et de 8,6, 2,0 et 1,0 dans le tissu adipeux perirenal, respectivement pour MOD0, MOD30 et MOD90 (p < 0,001). La durée de la supplémentation d’au moins 30 jours par l’euphorbe a eu un impact positif sur les ratios LA/ALA qui ont été conformes à la recommandation internationale (≤ 5) pour la nutrition humaine. En conclusion, la supplémentation appropriée des régimes de lapins par l’euphorbe, dans les régions ou elle abonde, sera bénéfique pour la santé humaine.
Ege ve Akdeniz Bölgesinde Pamuk Çökerten Hastalığının Kontrolünde Tohuma Uygulanan Bazı Fungisitlerin Etkililiklerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: TOSUN Necip , YILMAZ Önder
Published: October 2019

Amaç: Bu
araştırmanın amacı 2008-2009 yılları arasında pamuk üretiminin yoğun yapıldığı
Akdeniz (Hatay) ve Ege (Söke/Aydın) Bölgelerindeki fide kök çürüklüğü
(çökerten) hastalık etmenlerinin yaygınlık oranlarını saptamak ve bu hastalığa
karşı denenen 4 farklı kimyasal preparatın hastalık üzerindeki etki oranlarını
belirlemektir.

Materyal ve Metot: Araştırmanın materyalini
Bayer firmasının Hatay ve Söke/Aydın’da saptadığı Rhizoctonia,
Alternaria, Fusarium ile bulaşık
fidelerin bulunduğu alanlar, Carboxin+thiram (Vitavax 200 FF),
Azoxystrobin+Metalaxyl – M+Fludioxonil FS (Dynasty CST 125 FS) 75+37,5+12,5
g/l, Metalaxyl – M+Fludioxonil (Maxim XL 
035 FS) aktif maddeli ilaçlar ve Fiber Max
çeşitlerine ait pamuk tohumları oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma tesadüf blokları
deneme desenine göre dört tekerrürlü olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir.

Bulgular:
Çalışma bulgularına baktığımızda tarla
denemelerinde fide kök çürüklüğü hastalığına karşı etkinlik açısından Hatay’da
en iyi sonuç Abbott’a göre % 84.37 ile
MAXIM XL FS 035 ile ilaçlanan tohumlardan oluşturulan parsellerde ve
Söke/Aydın’da en iyi sonuç Abbott’a göre % 61.02 ile VITAVAX 200 FF 600 ile
ilaçlanmış tohumlardan oluşturulan parsellerde olduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca en
fazla sağlıklı bitki çıkışı yine bu ilaçların kullanıldığı parsellerde
gözlemlenmiştir.

Sonuç: Bu çalışma ile denemede kullanılan MAXIM
XL FS 035 ve VITAVAX 200 FF 600 ile hastalıkla mücadele açısından ümitvar
sonuçlar elde edilmiştir.
EGE BÖLGESİ TARIMSAL İNOVASYON SİSTEMİNDE KAMU ARAŞTIRMA KURULUŞLARI ve ZİRAAT FAKÜLTELERİ
Authors: BOYACI Murat
Published: October 2019

Amaç: Ege Bölgesindeki kamu tarımsal araştırma
enstitüleri ve ziraat fakültelerindeki inovasyon sürecinin karşılaştırılarak
bölgede inovatif kapasitenin artışı için neler yapılacağının ortaya konmasıdır.

Materyal ve Yöntem: Anket
yardımıyla 11
araştırma enstitüsü ile dört ziraat fakültesinden toplam 490 araştırmacıdan
derlenen veriler parametrik ve parametrik olmayan testlerle analiz edilmiştir.
Faktör analizi ve çok boyutlu ölçekleme (MDS) kullanılarak, araştırmacılar ve kuruluşlar
gruplandırılarak karşılaştırılmıştır.

Bulgular: Araştırma süreleri ortalama 3,3 yıl olup,
fikrin geliştirilip çiftçi tarlasında ürüne/uygulamaya dönüşümü için geçen süre
11,1 yıldır. Bölgede yaklaşık üç yılda araştırmacı başına 1,9 araştırma ve 2,2
yayım önerisi geliştirilmiştir. Araştırmacılara göre bulgularının %22,2’si
çiftçiler tarafından benimsenmektedir. Faktör analizi
sonucunda inovatif değerler işleyiş,
etkileşim ve özgürlük olarak üç
grupta toplanmıştır. Fakülte grubunun Ar-Ge becerisinin yüksekliğine karşın,
inovasyona dönüşüm düzeyi düşüktür.

Sonuç: Bölgedeki araştırmalarda verim ve kalite
iyileştirme öncelik konular olup, enerji ve girdi maliyetlerinin düşürülmesi,
çevre, işletme güvenliği gibi konuların payı arttırılmalıdır. Kamuda stratejik
araştırmalara daha fazla yer verilmelidir. Yerel sorunların ve koşulların daha
fazla dikkate alınması ve aktör ilişkilerinin kurumsallaşması inovasyon sistemin
kırsal kalkınmaya katkısını artıracaktır.
Etnometodoloji ile Çevirmen Adaylarının Çevirmen Davranışlarını Fark Etmelerine Yönelik Bir Uygulama Örneği
Authors: ARABOĞLU Aslı
Published: October 2019

Çevirmen adaylarının çeviriye dair yapacaklarıyla ilgili beklentilerinin, çeviri öğrenimlerine başladıkları ilk yıllarda, çoğunlukla iki dil arasında sözcüklerin aktarımıyla sınırlı olduğu söylenebilir. Bu beklentilerin oluşmasına şüphesiz toplumda çeviri ve çevirmen kavramlarının geleneksel olarak nasıl algılandığı da katkı sağlamaktadır. Bu nedenle öncelikle çevirmen adaylarının temel düzeyde çeviri yapabilmeleri hedefinin yer aldığı ilk basamak çeviri eğitiminde, diğer bir hedef çeviri gerçekleri bağlamında çevirmen davranışlarının neler olduğunun ve nasıl şekillendiğinin öğrencilerin farkına varması olmalıdır. Temel araştırma konusu insanların davranışlarını nasıl açıklayabildiklerini sorgulamak olan etnometodoloji çerçevesinde gerçekleştirilecek bir uygulama ile bu farkındalığı yaratmak mümkün olabilir. Bu makalede, çeviri süreci bir sosyal düzen olarak ele alınmış ve çevirmen adaylarının çevirmen davranışlarını keşfetmeleri hedeflenmiştir. Bu kapsamda beklenmedik çeviri görevleri oluşturularak, düzenin değiştirilmesiyle öğrencilerden çeviri yapmaları ve ardından yaşadıkları çeviri süreçlerini yazmaları istenmiştir. Dolayısıyla, bu makalenin amacı çevirmen davranışlarının neler olduğunu ve farklı çeviri sorunlarına farklı çözümler, farklı çevirmen davranışlarının oluşturulması gerektiğinin, çevirmen adayı öğrenciler tarafından keşfedilerek bu davranışların nasıl açıklanabilir hale geldiğini gösteren bir örnek sunmaktır.
Çağdaş Amerikan Şiirinde Irak Savaşı
Authors: AĞIR Barış
Published: October 2019

Bu çalışma Amerika’nın Irak işgaline karşı tepki gösteren savaş şiirlerini incelemektedir. Irak işgaliyle birlikte yükselen entelektüel karşıt tepkilerin önemli bir damarını temsil eden bu şiirler, Batılı erkek ve asker şairlerin egemen olduğu geleneksel savaş şiirlerinden biçim ve içerik olarak farklılık arz etmektedir. Yoğun olarak 2003-2006 yılları arasında yazıldığı gözlemlenen bu şiirlerin, kanonik savaş edebiyatı içerisinde yenilikçi bir sesi temsil ettiği, daha yüksek bir perdeden söylenecek olursa, cesur ve deneysel biçimleriyle, kanonik şiiri değişime uğrattığı da söylenebilir. Çalışmamızda incelenecek şiirlerde, önceki savaş şiirlerinden ayrılan noktalarla birlikte, Amerikan politikası, Amerikan demokratik algısı, cephe izlenimleri, işgal durumundaki Irak kültürü ve toplumu gibi temalar ele alınacaktır
Grammar and Power in Wittgenstein and Foucault
Authors: ÖZ Yusuf
Published: October 2019

Foucault criticizes modern discourses on power such as Marxism, Freudianism, and liberalism in which power is understood as a repressive negative force that radiates from modern political institutions to the whole society from above. For him, modern power, with the involvement of the discourses of the humanities, sustains and maintains itself by producing subjectivities and the modern subject is simultaneously an object of knowledge and of domination. There are philosophically significant similarities between the ways Wittgenstein describes language games and grammar as formative elements of our sociality and Foucault’s understanding of power as a productive and dynamic grid of strategic formative relations. From this perspective, Peter Winch’s and David Bloor’s accounts of social constructive interpretations of Wittgenstein are analyzed and criticized, then a Wittgensteinian interpretation of the concepts of the crime and the criminal is presented on the basis of Arnold I. Davidson’s and Ian Hacking’s arguments on historical ontology.
Kremlin on Fire:18th Century Russia Through the Tongues of Flame
Authors: PUŞKİN Mikail
Published: October 2019

Current research is an exploratory study investigating actions,
socio-historical context and characters of bureaucrats in an emergency
situation of Trinity Fire in Moscow of 1737. Microhistory approach is applied
to analysis of primary sources: the interrogation reports produced by
investigators over three years period following the disaster. These dry formal
documents act as windows into lives, beliefs and lies of the bureaucrats and by
proxy muscovite society of the times of Anna Ivanovna as a whole. The resulting
analysis then not only investigates formal procedures and duties related to
firefighting and civil service of the time, but provides commentary on how
civil servants of various social standing positioned themselves with regards to
religion, state and personal moral responsibility.
DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS AND BODY MASS INDEX IN OBESE ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Widjaja Nur Aisyah , Prihaningtyas Rendi Aji , Hanindita Meta Herdiana , Irawan Roedi
Published: October 2019

Background: The prevalence of adolescent obesity is increasing in Indonesia. Obesity can reduce the quality of life, especially as most obese adolescents remain obese after they become adult. In obese adolescents, the higher their IMT (intima-media thickness), the higher the risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Purpose: The aim of this study is to analyse the correlation of demographic characteristics with BMI (body mass index) in adolescents with obesity. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study on adolescents with obesity conducted in the Paediatric Nutrition and Metabolic Disease Clinic of Dr Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya. The data on demographic characteristics, such as gender, number of siblings, paternal education, maternal education, and maternal occupation, were collected using the interview method. Data on anthropometry were collected to calculate BMI. Obesity is established if it is higher than the 95th percentile, based on CDC percentile of BMI, according to age and sex. Data were analysed using multiple regression. Results: A total of 59 obese adolescents, between 13 and 16 years old, were involved. As many as 49.20% of respondents had one sibling. As many as 52.50% of respondents had a father with a high school education and 44.10% of respondents had mothers with a high school education; 61% of respondents had working mothers. There was no correlation between BMI and demographic characteristics (p> 0.05), except for number of siblings (p = 0.02). Conclusion: In this study, the number of siblings was correlated with BMI. A study with a greater number of obese adolescents and with adolescents who have normal nutritional status is needed to fully assess the influence of demographic characteristics on BMI in obese adolescents.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FAMILY HISTORY, CONSUMPTION OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES, AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND HYPERTENSION
Authors: Syamsi Farida
Published: October 2019

Background: The prevalence of hypertension in 2018 in Indonesia in people aged ≥ 18 years was 34.11%, an increasing trend compared to 2013, when it was 25.80%. Malang Region increased the prevalence of hypertension from 7.32% in 2016 to 9% in 2017. Purpose: This study aims to analyse the relationship between hypertension and the variables of family history, consumption of fruit and vegetables, and physical activity in Integrated Guidance Post Wajak District, Malang Region. Methods: This study is an observational study with a cross-sectional design. It used 2018 secondary data from P2PTM section of Provincial Health Agency of East Java. The total sample was 250 respondents in Integrated Guidance Post, Wajak District, Malang Regency. The independent variables were family history, consumption of fruit and vegetables, and physical activity, while the dependent variable was hypertension. Data were analysed using a chi-square test. Results: A significant relationship was found between the independent variables family history (p = 0.01; PR = 2.01; 95% CI = 1.21 < PR <3.34), consumption of fruit and vegetables (p = 0.02; PR = 1.89; 95% CI = 1.13 < PR <3.14), and physical activity (p = 0.00; PR = 2.85; 95% CI = 1.70 < PR < 4.77) and the dependent variable of hypertension. Conclusion: There was a relationship between the independent variables of family history, lack of consumption of fruit and vegetables, and lack of physical activity and the dependent variable of hypertension.
THE DESCRIPTION OF SMOKING DEGREE BASED ON BRINKMAN INDEX IN PATIENTS WITH LUNG CANCER
Authors: Arumsari Dessy , Artanti Kurnia Dwi , Martini Santi , Widati Sri
Published: October 2019

Background: Smoking is a major risk factor that causes lung cancer. The high number of active smokers in developing countries is found in several countries; one of those countries is Indonesia. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to describe the degree of smoking based on brinkman index on lung cancer patients. Methods: It was a descriptive study. It employed cross sectional research design. The population in this study included lung cancer patients in Outpatient and Inpatient Dr. Soetomo Regional Public Hospital, Surabaya. The independent variable in this study was the degree of smoking. Whereas, the dependent variable in this study was lung cancer. Accidental sampling was used as the sampling technique of the study. The total sample were 31 respondents. The instrument used for collecting data was questionnaire containing the risk factors of lung cancer in November 2018. The categorization of smoking degrees used the Brinkman Index measurement. Data were processed by univariate analysis which was presented in the form of a frequency distribution table between variables. Results: Almost all of the respondents were on the age of > 40 years (90.30%) and male (96.80%). The majority of respondents were senior high school graduates (38.70%), and had other jobs (32.20%). Almost half of the respondents were classified into heavy smoking degree according to the brinkman index (48.40%). Conclusions: Some of cancer patients in Dr. Soetomo Regional Public Hospital Surabaya has a smoking degree of heavy category.
Urban Sprawl's Drivers in Iran = Los conductores de la expansión urbana en Irán
Authors: Mehriar Melika
Published: October 2019

AbstractUrban sprawl as a low-density, planned or unplanned, unlimited and discontinuous expansion in peripheral areas of the cities is traditionally considered one of the global challenges. Iran has confronted with urban sprawl over the past four decades. The present study aimed to review and compare the relevant literature in developed and developing countries in order to study the drivers of urban sprawl particularly, the most crucial ones in Iran as a developing country in the Middle East. Accordingly, it was found that the processes of urbanization and particularly socio-economic conditions affected urban development areas in Iran. Based on the findings of previous studies, fast urbanization, land policies, and shortcomings in the planning system are the most influential drivers of the urban sprawl in Iran considering that these drivers work with each other instead of working in separated lines.Resumen La expansión urbana como una expansión discontinua, planificada o no planificada, ilimitada y discontinua en áreas periféricas de las ciudades se considera tradicionalmente uno de los desafíos globales. Irán se ha enfrentado a la expansión urbana en las últimas cuatro décadas. El presente estudio ha tenido como objetivo revisar y comparar la literatura relevante en países desarrollados y en desarrollo para estudiar los impulsores de la expansión urbana en particular, como los más importantes en Irán, un país en desarrollo en el Medio Oriente. En consecuencia, se ha encontrado que los procesos de urbanización y, particularmente, las condiciones socioeconómicas afectaron las áreas de desarrollo urbano en Irán. Según los hallazgos de estudios anteriores, la urbanización rápida, las políticas de tierras y las deficiencias en el sistema de planificación son los impulsores más influyentes de la expansión urbana en Irán, considerando que estos impulsores trabajan juntos en lugar de trabajar en líneas separadas.
La insuficiencia de los tipos de espacio público definidos en la literatura especializada como base para el análisis de su uso social = Failure of public space types defined in specialized literature as a foundation for analyzing its social use
Authors: Espinosa Sánchez Eduardo
Published: October 2019

Resumen El estudio de las relaciones entre la configuración del espacio público y su uso social es un tema habitual del diseño urbano. También son comunes, en la literatura especializada, las propuestas de tipos de espacio público orientadas al análisis de la trama urbana o como referencias operativas para su diseño. Este artículo pretende cruzar ambas aproximaciones con la intención de confirmar que los tipos de espacio público propuestos hasta ahora no se fundamentan en las relaciones entre forma y uso social sino en otros aspectos: principalmente, en su morfología y aspectos visuales y, de manera secundaria, en su función urbana, percepción sensorial, origen histórico, aspectos ambientales y gestión de su propiedad.Para ello, se establece el alcance de los términos 'espacio público' y 'uso social'. A continuación, se selecciona una bibliografía básica del diseño urbano y se identifican conceptos para posibles clasificaciones de espacio público. Finalmente, se describen y categorizan los numerosos tipos de espacio público recogidos en la bibliografía según los conceptos identificados previamente. Las conclusiones señalan los aspectos comunes en que se basan las distintas propuestas de tipos de espacio público según su enfoque, ámbito territorial y momento de la evolución de la ciudad al que hacen referencia.Abstract Relationships between public space configuration and its social use are common research in urban design and related disciplines. Public space types are usually proposed in specialized literature too, with the aim of being useful to analyse existing urban fabric or to plan and design new urban spaces. This paper intends to integrate both approaches in order to confirm that currently proposed types of public space are not based in a complex vision of relations between its shape and social use, and that there are different key aspects in these classifications: primarily, morphology and visual aspects and, to a lesser degree, urban function, perception, historical origins, environmental aspects and property management.Scope of 'public space' and 'social use' concepts in this text is previously defined in order to achieve this. Hereafter, an essential urban design bibliography is selected and, at the same time, key topics in which these public space types could be based are identified. Finally, public space types included in bibliography are described and categorized on the basis of selected topics. Conclusions identify common aspects in which public space types are based depending on its theoretical approach, territorial scope and historic period covered.
Uso de los Sistemas Globales BREEAM-CM y LEED-ND en Asunción, Paraguay = Use of the BREEAM-CM and LEED-ND Global System in Asunción, Paraguay
Authors: Argüello Meza Paz
Published: October 2019

Resumen Los Sistemas Globales de Certificación de Sostenibilidad Barrios BREEAM-CM y LEED-ND han sido desarrollados en países de primer mundo, donde las normativas de construcción son altamente exigentes. Actualmente, se encuentran muy presentes en Latinoamérica, incluso en países como Paraguay, donde aún no existe un marco sólido sobre el cual anclar el desarrollo sostenible de las ciudades. El objetivo de esta investigación es verificar la viabilidad de estos sistemas globales en un contexto distinto al de su origen, como Asunción. Es la primera vez que se analiza al detalle la aplicación de las especificaciones técnicas de estos sistemas en este entorno y, para ello, se han creado parámetros con los cuales poder verificar qué requerimientos y especificaciones son posibles, imposibles o necesitan ser discutidos con profesionales del área, antes de considerar conveniente su aplicación. Como resultado, se ha constatado que ambos sistemas necesitan modificar o flexibilizar ciertos requerimientos y especificaciones obligatorios, cuyo incumplimiento impide actualmente la certificación de barrios en Asunción. Finalmente, se ha desarrollado una metodología capaz de verificar la viabilidad de implantación de estos sistemas no sólo en Asunción, sino en cualquier ciudad del mundo.Abstract The Global Sustainability Certification Systems Neighborhoods BREEAM-CM and LEED-ND have been developed in first world countries where construction regulations are highly strict. Currently, they are very present in Latin America, even in countries like Paraguay, where there is still no solid framework on which to anchor the sustainable development of cities. This research is to verify this global systems feasibility in a different context from their origin, such as Asunción. It is the first time that the application of the technical specifications of these systems is analyzed in detail in this environment, and, for this purpose, new parameters have been created in order to verify which requirements and specifications are possible, impossible or need to be discussed with local professionals before considering its application as meaningful. As a result, it has been found that both systems need to modify or flexibilize certain mandatory requirements and specifications, the failure of which currently prevents the neighborhoods certification, and through this will be able to work in Asunción. Finally, it has been developed a methodology capable of verifying the feasibility of implementing these systems not only in Asunción, but in any city in the world.
Reduction Energy in Warped Region in Alcubierre Warp Drive
Authors: Perniciano Gianluca
Published: October 2019

A solution of general relativity is presented that describes an Alcubierre propulsion system in which it is possible to travel at superluminal speed while reducing the energy, by an arbitrary value.
The Effect of Leadership Style and Welfare on The Performance of Manado Religious and Education Training Center
Authors: Rusli  , Wibowo  , Tola Burhanuddin
Published: October 2019

The aim of this study is to observe and analyze the influence of Leadership Styles and Welfare on the Performance of Employees in Manado Religious Education and Training Center. This study used Partial Last Square (PLS) method. The population of this study was 60 employees (N = 60), and all of these employees were sampled (n = 60) with an error rate of 5% (0.05). Data was collected based on questionnaire with Likert scale. The results of this study showed that there are direct contributions between Leadership style and welfare variables on employee performance. Overall, Leadership style and Welfare have a positive and very strong influence on Employee Performance.These results showed the importance of improving the quality of Leadership Styles and Welfare to improve the Performance of Employees in Manado Religious Education and Training Center.
The Effect of Military Ethics and Motivation on The National Commitment of The Indonesian Military
Authors: Sukmadi Bambang Heru , Akbar Ma'ruf , Tunas Billy , Khalid Zulvia
Published: October 2019

This research is aimed to explore and find out the effect of military ethics and motivation on the national commitment of the soldiers of the Indonesian Army. The research is conducted on the soldiers in the rank of non-commissioned and enlisted soldiers at one of the Indonesian Army units in Jakarta. The data is collected with the survey method on the sample that comprises of 83 respondents which are taken with a simple random sampling technique. The data is analyzed quantitatively from an organizational behavior perspective with the Path Analysis technique utilizing SPSS 22 software. The test of normality and linearity of each regression between variables results in a normal distribution of residual and linearly related. The results of this research show that (1) military ethics has a positively direct effect on national commitment; (2) military ethics has a positively direct effect on motivation; (3) motivation has a positively direct effect on national commitment; (4) military ethics has an indirect effect on national commitment through motivation.
Do Islamic Microfinance Practise Descrease the Level of Three Aspects of Poverty
Authors: Wulandari Ries , Dzakiroh Husna
Published: October 2019

Islamic microfinance institutions such as Baitu Tamkin is one of Koperasi Syariah at Lombok Timur practising islamic value. In practising islamic value, Baitu Tamkin insert this value in line with three aspect including commercial finance, social aspect, and spiritual awareness. But the evaluation of this islamic microfinance practise has not been conducted yet.  Therefor we conducted a research to evaluate the curent impact of this program wheter there was improvement and how the conditions of poverty in the member self before and after taking part in empowerment programs on Baitut Tamkin.   Poverty condition that we observed not only financial aspect but also social and spiritual aspect. This research used parametric including Multiple Linear regression, a simple Linear Regression, t-test and non parametric test using Wilcoxon test. We conclude that the level of poverty at local region decreased at  three aspects but with various condition.  First, the islamic commercial financing significantly increasing their member’s montly liquidity but do not significantly increase their member’s housing condition. Second, the social condition of member showed that after being a member they create more friendly environment and helping each other. But there is no impact at “become islamic role model’ or and uswah al-hasanah. Third, spiritual awareness of member increased after they could practising some muamalah based on verses and hadith at muamalah. Number of member that moving from poor condition to empowered condition showed positive trend. 
Understanding Fluid Flow Behavior in Fractured Reservoir using Dual Porosity Dual Permeability and Discretized Fracture Model
Authors: Kumar Sarwesh , Rey Alvaro , Dufour Gaelle , Ogunyomi Babafemi
Published: October 2019

Fractured reservoirs, be it naturally fractured ones or hydraulically fractured, are an important asset class of hydrocarbons. In naturally fractured reservoirs (NFRs) and unconventional reservoirs (UCRs) with hydraulic fractures, the rock matrix and fractures exhibit a large contrast in their conductivity to fluid transport limiting the ability to enhance recovery by traditional viscous forces mechanisms. During IOR processes such as gas or water injection, NFRs may also contain different fluid phases with different densities making the gravity and capillary forces relatively significant to impact the incremental production. The oil recovery mechanisms from Naturally Fractured Reservoirs (NFRs) and Unconventional Reservoirs (UCRs) - oil expansion, imbibition and gravity drainage, can be modeled using the Dual Porosity Dual Permeability (DPDK) or Embedded Discrete Fracture Model (EDFM) options in reservoir simulation. The main differences in the dual porosity and discrete fracture models are in the early time flow behavior as the saturation changes is modeled with different levels of efficiency and accuracy. NFRs represented as Dual media models (either dual or single permeability) use pseudo functions to represent gravity drainage. These models are limited by the assumptions used while deriving these coupling models between the different media. The higher-level resolution of Discrete Fracture-Matrix (DFM) has been previously reported to better represent the physics of these processes (water or gas injection). EDFM models simulate gravity drainage explicitly. Capillary forces driving imbibition in matrix is modeled using capillary pressure curve in both EDFM and DPDK models. In this paper we benchmark the behavior of both the DPDK and EDFM approaches and their results are compared to provide recommendations for fractured reservoir simulation modeling. For the unconventional reservoirs (UCRs), due to very large permeability and porosity variation between reservoir rock and hydraulic fractures, dual porosity representation is not suitable to capture phase transitions and near well-bore effects. The paper highlights the limitations of DPDK modeling methods and comparison is presented with DFM methods for such reservoirs.
Experimental Investigation of Multi-Phase Flow in an Annulus Using Electric Resistance Tomography
Authors: Qureshi M Fahed , Ali Moustafa , Rahman Mohammad Azizur , Hassan Ibrahim , Rasul Golam , Hassan Rashid
Published: October 2019

The hole cleaning is considered a key element of drilling operation as it impacts the economics of drilling operations, operational time of operations and the safety of operations. Inadequate hole cleaning can lead to blockages resulting in loss of circulation and premature wear out of the drill pipe. The transport of solids cuttings as a multiphase flow offers a solution to the hole cleaning issue, as it can aid to lower operational cost, reduce operation time, and enhance the quality of overall drilling operations.

Electrical resistance tomography (ERT) is a promising technology to visualize the 3D flow conditions involved in the hole cleaning process. ERT system is utilized to study and analyze the multiphase flow behavior and to provide in situ volume fraction distribution quantitatively through the drilling annulus. The motive of this work is to investigate the effect of different eccentricities (0-50 %), inner pipe rotation speed (0-120 RPM) and liquid flow rates (160-190 Kg/min) on the secondary phase (solids + air) transport across the annulus using the ERT system. The three-phase flow conditions (water, air, and solids) experiments were conducted in the horizontal flow loop with annulus at Texas A&M University at Qatar (TAMUQ) using ERT system. The flow loop annulus line consists of 6.16 m horizontal/inclined line. The inner diameter of the outer acrylic pipe and the outer diameter of the inner stainless steel pipe were 114.3 mm (4.5 in) and 63.5 mm (2.5 in), respectively. The glass beads (2-3 mm) were injected at a concentration of 5 wt%. The experimental results indicate that the ERT sensors have the capability of providing real-time quantitative images of annular multiphase flow regimes and it can be utilized effectively to observe the secondary phase (solids + air) transport across the opaque region of the annulus. It was also observed that the concentration of secondary phase (solids + air) tends to increase with an increase in the eccentricity of the inner pipe and the inner pipe rotation does not have a significant effect on the concentration of secondary phase (solids + air) at selected experimental conditions.
Enhancing, Safeguarding & Optimizing Non-Operated Joint Venture Asset Operations through Operational Excellence and Performance Assessments
Authors: Al-Shoriaian Al-Mutairi Abdullah , Younes Hanafi
Published: October 2019

Joint ventures have become the norm in today's oil and gas industry. Whether its dictated by host countries or partnerships to reduce liability and benefit from cost reductions, it presents the non-operators of the joint venture a unique situation especially in the post Macondo era. This paper aims to deliver an approach for NOJV companies to safeguard their assets as well as maximize their value by actively collaborating with the Operator to enhance and optimize asset management through operational excellence and performance assessments.

Based on KUFPEC's vision and strategy we designed an NOJV process to conduct specific and/or comprehensive focused operational excellence & performance assessments on select assets in order to optimize and enhance asset operations, ensure stable production, with the end goal of maximizing the value of the asset in our NOJV portfolio. The selection of the asset is based on a variety of factors not limited to working interest, risk, size, production output, OPEX, and geographical location. The focus areas targeted were Facilities Integrity Management, Drilling Activities & Well Interventions, Health, Safety, Security and Environment (HSSE), Process Safety Management, and Reservoir Management. These assessments required reviewing the Operator's management system, asset specific technical, production, and incident data, along with any other pertinent documentation. Following the review, a site visit is conducted to witness firsthand all operations related to the asset, both onshore and offshore including drilling and logistical operations and visits to fabrication yards. At the conclusion of the assessment and visit, a closeout session would be held with the Operator's Management Team to go over the findings.

Kuwait Foreign Petroleum Exploration Company (KUFPEC) has conducted major assessments across its assets offshore Indonesia and Malaysia and onshore Pakistan. The assessments varied in scope as well as findings. A summary of the findings is shared later to provide value adding observations pertaining to each focus area. In addition, we have provided case studies to illustrate how our efforts and influencing strategy paved the way for the Operator to willfully accept and address our areas of concern specifically integrity management, which in turn supported our mutual objectives of ensuring safe and reliable production operations, while maximizing the value of the asset.

This paper will provide an innovative value adding approach, successes and lessons learned to enhance and optimize NOJV assets through effective engagement of the Operator utilizing an influence strategy to achieve a win-win result. By doing so, KUFPEC became a value adding NOJV partner, enhancing its overall asset management performance, controlling costs and becoming actively involved as part of its strategy of being a partner of choice recognized for its contributions to the NOJV.
The Global LNG Price Trend and the Role of LNG in Balancing the Gas Demand in MENA Region
Authors: Shahati Mohamed El , Khadadeh Haidar , Al-Aradah Fajer
Published: October 2019

This paper analyses the role of LNG in balancing the natural gas demand in the MENA region. Natural gas is increasingly becoming a main energy source in the region due to several factors. The global LNG pricing mechanism is changing towards flexible market related methods that might encourage some countries in MENA to switch to LNG supplies. The growing requirements for natural gas as a fuel for electricity generation is estimated to be the driving force behind the growth in consumption of the hydrocarbon. Contrary to wide held belief several countries in the region could fall into deficit regarding their self-supply of gas which would require them to import it. The options of supply are either through pipeline networks or LNG. The study estimates the future demand of natural gas by country using multivariate regression and then compares it to the availability of gas as estimated by GEFC. Deficit is derived for each country and the study indicate how the deficit could be filled through pipeline or LNG.
Coiled-Tubing Gas Lift System Doubled Oil Production from Al-Wafa Field
Authors: Sherik Ayoub , Ben Abdalla Mohamed , Abdoalqader Abdoallah , Abusninah Gumah , Abdaldaem Abdaldaem Ateya , Ben Ayad Ahmed Nagim
Published: October 2019

Recompleting the wells with an artificial lift system requires a large capital investment in addition to rig intervention, a capital which was not made available due to worsening security condition in Libya in the period between 2014 − 2017, therefore, rig-less gas lift system via Coiled Tubing was chosen as the most efficient, reliable and cost-effective technique to revive oil production from 12 dead wells. The results of this pilot project were very satisfactory.

The technique involves running coiled tubing inside the production tubing of a dead oil well, the coiled tubing is then hung over an additional special tubing hanger, made specifically for this project, fixed on the Xmas Tree. The gas is injected down continuously through a single point at the end of coiled tubing which is mixed with the oil in the production tubing annulus and helps lifting the liquid to the surface. Since compression system was not made available, due to cost cutting procedures implemented by MOG, the injection rate and injection pressure were supplied through a 2″ pipe connected to a gas well which had high wellhead pressure.

Since the wells had been dead for a couple of years, there was a high uncertainty in the design due to the lack of fresh data, therefore, N2 lifting with downhole slickline gauges and surface testing were utilized to obtain reliable and fresh data for the final design. Since, the Coiled Tubing Gas Lift System CTGL technique was implemented in Libya for the first time, two wells among 12 dead wells only were selected for the Pilot project. The results of the two wells were satisfactory. Oil production from the first two wells increased significantly from 0 BOPD to 4500 BOPD, which increased the overall total field oil production by 100% from 4500 BOPD to 11,000 BOPD. Since the reservoir communication is extremely high, nearby wells’ production was positively impacted as well, and overall field production increased from 4500 BOPD to nearly 11000 BOPD in two months.

The novelty of the technique comes from the utilization of the wellhead pressure of nearby gas wells as a source of injection pressure and injection rate which made reviving dead wells possible without investing in compression systems, seen as uneconomic for a pilot project.
A Novel Approach to Propagate MHz EM Signals and Map Reservoir Saturation Hundreds of Meters away from the Wellbore
Authors: Felix Servin Jesus Manuel , Deffenbaugh Max , Adams Robert , Riachentsev Valeri
Published: October 2019

This study describes a novel approach to propagate high-frequency (MHz) electromagnetic (EM) signals through the subsurface. Our technique relies on the presence of highly-resistive evaporite seals bounded by hydrocarbon reservoirs acting as planar transmission lines to achieve greatly increased EM propagation. As the signal propagates through the seal, variations in the fluid saturation of the bounding reservoirs modulates the signal amplitude and velocity. This technique will enable improved EM surveys for reservoir characterization.

The concept, known as Proximity Sensing, has been previously demonstrated via numerical simulations and laboratory experiments. In this work, we present quantitative 3D numerical simulations in the frequency domain to estimate the maximum depth of investigation (DOI) under multiple reservoir saturation scenarios. The models consist of: three layers representing an evaporite seal bounded by hydrocarbon reservoirs, and two fluid-filled cased wellbores with dipole antennas representing the transmitter and receiver. Multiple parameters were evaluated to quantify their impact on maximum DOI, including: antenna location, wellbore fluid properties, reservoir saturation and seal conductivity.

The results show that EM signals are detectable beyond half a kilometer separation between transmitter and receiver wells if the evaporite seal is highly resistive. This method can be used to map reservoir saturation based on the relationship between bounding reservoir conductivity and signal propagation. Formation conductivities and antenna depth were found to have the most significant effect on the maximum DOI. Wellbore fluid conductivity has a negligible effect on the DOI. Overall, the more conductive the bounding reservoirs are, the more efficient they are at containing the signal within the channel. However, more conductive reservoirs translate in higher signal attenuation before it enters the channel. Therefore, there is a tradeoff between reservoir conductivity and maximum DOI.

The results presented confirm the viability of Proximity Sensing to enhance propagation of high-frequency EM signals and provide valuable reservoir saturation information. This study provides additional insight as to the viability and ideal configuration for field testing and paves the way for a new research direction in EM surveys.