bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Das Nervenwurzelsyndrom beim Kleintier
Authors: Eberhardt Louise , Guevar Julien , Forterre Franck
Published: October 2019

Eine große Vielfalt an Ätiologien gilt als ursächlich für das Nervenwurzelsyndrom beim Hund. Dabei zählen der lateralisierte Bandscheibenvorfall, die Foraminalstenose sowie maligne und benigne Nervenscheidentumoren zu den wichtigsten beschriebenen Auslösern. Das klinische Bild des Nervenwurzelsyndroms zeichnet sich aus durch eine Monoparese in Verbindung mit einer fortschreitenden Lahmheit, die mit einer Schonhaltung der betroffenen Gliedmaße im Stand einhergehen kann. Obwohl die Problematik bei Klinikern gut bekannt ist, gibt es in der tiermedizinischen Literatur keinen Übersichtsartikel, der das Thema „Nervenwurzelsyndrom beim Kleintier“ spezifisch behandelt. Meist wird es lediglich als Symptom seiner potenziellen Ätiologien erwähnt, dem sog. Nervenwurzelzeichen (nerve root sign). Bei der Pathophysiologie der Nervenwurzelkompression oder -irritation spielen eine Reihe biomechanischer und biochemischer Faktoren eine Rolle, die einzeln oder im Zusammenspiel auftreten und dieselben Veränderungen hervorrufen können. Im Zentrum der Pathophysiologie des Syndroms scheinen Änderungen der Mikrozirkulation zu stehen. Diese Mikrozirkulationsstörungen ziehen nicht nur pathomorphologische Veränderungen, wie Ödembildung, Demyelinisation und Axonuntergang, nach sich, sondern leiten auch am Ort der Schädigung sowie im zentralen Nervengewebe eine Kaskade an Reaktionen ein. So kommt es zur Ausschüttung verschiedener Neuropeptide, zur Modulation der Nervenexzitabilität und zur Impulsweiterleitung. Unterschiedliche Pathomechanismen führen somit vielfach zu einem einheitlichen Schädigungsbild, was eine nachträgliche Aufschlüsselung in die ursprünglich auslösenden Faktoren erheblich erschwert. Die Antwort des Körpers auf diese einwirkenden Faktoren gibt den Ausschlag dafür, ob tatsächlich ein Nervenwurzelsyndrom entsteht. Eine Behebung der Grundursache, falls sie gefunden wird, sowie eine individuelle und multimodale Schmerztherapie scheinen beim Nervenwurzelsyndrom die erfolgreichsten therapeutischen Maßnahmen zu sein.
A Clinical Study of Medulloblastoma in Correlation with Molecular Biology and Histological Variations in Childhood Medulloblastoma in Northeast India
Authors: Bhuyan Mrinal , Haloi Hriday , Baishya Basanta Kumar , Haque Inamul
Published: October 2019

Introduction Medulloblastoma is a common embryonal childhood tumor predominantly seen in children (1-3). Medulloblastoma can be classified in different histological and molecular subgroups, each of them characterized by discrete clinical presentation, demographic features, prognosis, and outcome. This may help in patient stratification, treatment strategy, design, and implementation of the targeted therapy.

Aims and Objectives We aimed to study the patients included in the study with regard to variables such as age, sex, clinical features, and various modes of management in our hospital. We also studied histological and molecular variations in the group.

Materials and Methods A prospective study was carried out in the Department of Neurosurgery, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, from January 2016 to August 2017. Sixty-five patients diagnosed as medulloblastoma were included in the study. We studied the spectrum of clinical findings, radiological and pathologic characteristics, modes of surgical management, and postoperative complications. Study of molecular biology was done in the Department of Bioengineering, Gauhati University.

Results and Observation Results and observations were obtained based on the age and radiological, pathological, histological, and molecular variants.

Conclusion Medulloblastoma is seen more in pediatric age group and males. Classical variant was the most common type with mostly vermian location followed by desmoplastic variant which was paravermian to lateral in location. Postoperatively, radiotherapy and chemotherapy have proved very useful. Statistical analysis suggested a significant correlation between age groups and complications and also between histological types and associated complications. P53 mutation was noted in a section of the study population but majority cases did not show mutations in selected genes.
Evaluation of Smile Parameters in Nongrowing Subjects Using Photographs
Authors: Bhullar Mandeep , Malhotra Yagyeshwar , Mittal Sanjay , Aggarwal Isha , Singla Divya , Goyal Merry
Published: October 2019

Introduction An attractive or pleasing smile enhances the acceptance of an individual in the society by improving interpersonal relationships. In this new era of social media, people are more concerned about their smile; hence, smile esthetics has become the primary objective of orthodontic treatment. It is seen that various smile parameters change with age and gender.

Aim The aim of the study was to evaluate various smile parameters in nongrowing patients using photographic analysis.

Materials and Methods The sample comprised photographs of 50 subjects (8 males, 42 females) taken in natural head position and then divided into two age groups: Group I (25 subjects, aged 18–20 years) and Group II (25 subjects, aged 23–29 years). The various parameters were analyzed using Adobe Photoshop software (version CS 6; Adobe System Inc., California, United States): upper lip and lower lip lengths during rest and smiling, smile index, buccal corridor, upper and lower lip thickness, interlabial gap, incisal display, widest visible maxillary display, and intercommissural width.

Results The results showed that lower lip length at rest and smiling, interlabial gap, incisal display, inner commissure width, and widest visible maxillary display were increased, whereas upper lip length both at rest and smiling, upper and lower lip thickness, outer commissure width, smile index, and buccal corridor were decreased with age. Statistically significant sex-related differences were found in upper lip length at rest and lower lip length both at rest and smiling.

Conclusion Orthodontic treatment must incorporate various esthetic elements of smile to achieve desirable results.
Knowledge of Systemic Diseases Presenting the Oral Signs and Symptoms: A Short Review
Authors: Singh Himanshu , Patel Vedant , Razdan Rahul A. , Maheshwari Resham , Sharma Sourabh , Jain Divya
Published: October 2019

The accurate examination of oral cavity may acknowledge findings that demonstrate the presence of underlying systemic, which helps in earlier diagnosis as well as treatment. The oral tissues are accountable to damage as a disease consequence that primarily affects other body systems. Various systemic diseases show oral manifestation. Some of these oral conditions include oral ulcers, caries, dry mouth, gingival bleeding, and gingival hypertrophy. This review article is prepared to make general physicians as well as dentist aware about systemic disorders or conditions that show dental or oral manifestation.
Soft Tissue Profile Response in Adult Orthodontic Patients following Extractions
Authors: Bhullar Mandeep , Badhan Amita , Mittal Sanjay , Aggarwal Isha , Singla Divya , Goyal Merry
Published: October 2019

Introduction The position of the incisors is considered as a key landmark in treatment planning to provide the patient with the most attractive and well-balanced smile. It is important to quantify the relationship between anteroposterior position of incisors to overlying soft tissue structures.

Aim The purpose of this study was to evaluate cephalometric changes on the soft tissue profile of the adult patients after first premolar extraction.

Materials and Methods The study included pretreatment and posttreatment lateral cephalograms of 24 adult patients (Class II div 1 malocclusion and Class I bimaxillary protrusion) treated with preadjusted edgewise appliance following first premolar extractions. Seven angular and twelve linear soft tissue parameters were evaluated. Six hard tissue parameters were evaluated.

Results All the linear and angular measurements pertaining to soft tissue and hard tissue showed significant changes. When posttreatment values were compared with pretreatment values, certain parameters (nasolabial angle, Z angle, UL and LL length, and UL strain) were found to be increased, whereas other parameters showed decrease in their posttreatment values. The tissue alteration showed statistically significant increase in nasolabial angle, Z angle, and decrease in soft tissue profile and interlabial gap.

Conclusion Facial profile improvement can be enhanced by dentoalveolar and soft tissue retraction following premolar extraction.
Acute Transverse Myelitis Related to Mycoplasma pneumonia
Authors: Kılıç Betül
Published: October 2019

We present a case of transverse myelitis caused by Mycoplasma pneumonia. Clinical findings were muscle weakness and decreased deep tendon reflexes of the lower extremities, total sensory loss below T8 level, including loss of superficial cutaneous abdominal reflexes bilaterally, and urinary and stool incontinence. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed segmental edema extending from the cervical to the lumbar cord. Serological criteria were used for the diagnosis of acute infection caused by M. pneumonia. The patient recovered completely after a 15-day treatment of intravenous clarithromycin accompanied by pulsed methylprednisolone. This report emphasizes that myelitis is one of the most severe central nervous system complications related to M. pneumonia infections, and early treatment helps to avoid complications.
How do technological properties influence user affordance of wearable technologies?
Authors: Shin Donghee
Published: October 2019

The Internet of things (IoT) affords people plenty of opportunities and a higher quality of life as well as drives
a huge amount of data. By drawing on the concept of affordances, this study examines the user experience of personal informatics
focusing on the technological and affective nature of affordance. A multi-mixed approach is used by combining qualitative methods
and a quantitative survey. Results of the qualitative methods revealed a series of factors that related to the affordance of
personal informatics, whereas results of the user model confirmed a significant role for connectivity, control, and synchronicity
affordance regarding their underlying link to other variables, namely, expectation, confirmation, and satisfaction. The
experiments showed that users’ affordances are greatly influenced by personal traits with interactivity tendency. The findings
imply the embodied cognition process of personal informatics in which technological qualities are shaped by users’ perception,
traits, and context. The results establish a foundation for wearable technologies through a heuristic quality assessment tool from
a user embodied cognitive process. They confirm the validity and utility of applying affordances to the design of IoT as a useful
concept, as well as prove that the optimum mix of affordances is crucial to the success or failure of IoT design.
Decomposing the host galaxy from high-z QSOs using principal component analysis
Authors: He Wei , Wang Yi-Ping
Published: October 2019

High resolution deep imaging from space and adaptive optics techniques with large ground-based facilities have enabled studies examining faint host galaxies of high redshift quasi-stellar objects (QSOs). However, the related image processing techniques, especially for a precise point-spread function (PSF) reconstruction and characterization of the host galaxy light profiles, have yet to be optimized. We present here the scientific performance of a principal component analysis (PCA) based PSF subtraction of the central bright point source of high redshift QSO images, as well as further characterization of the host galaxy profile by directly fitting a Sèrsic model to the residual image using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm. With a set of reference PSF star images which represent interleaving exposures between the QSO imaging, we can create an orthogonal basis of eigen-images and restore the PSF of QSO images by projecting the QSO images onto the basis. In this way, we can quantify the modes in which the PSF varies with time by a basis function that characterizes the temporal variations of the reference star as well as the QSO images. To verify the algorithm, we performed a simulation and applied this method to one of the high-z QSO targets from Mechtley et al. We demonstrate that the PCA-based PSF subtraction and further modeling of the galaxy’s light profile using MCMC fitting would sufficiently remove the effects from central dominating point sources, and improve characterization ability for the host galaxies of high-z QSOs to the background noise level which is much better than previous two-component fitting procedures.
Unusual infrared emission toward Sgr B2: possible planar C24
Authors: Chen Xiu-Hui , Xiang Fu-Yuan , Yang Xue-Juan , Li Aigen
Published: October 2019

Interstellar graphene could be present in the interstellar medium (ISM), resulting from the photochemical processing of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) molecules and/or collisional fragmentation of graphitic particles. Indeed, by comparing the observed ultraviolet (UV) extinction and infrared (IR) emission of the diffuse ISM with that predicted for graphene, as much as ∼2% of total interstellar carbon could be locked up in graphene without violating the observational constraints. While the possible detection of planar C24, a small piece of a graphene sheet, has been reported towards several Galactic and extragalactic planetary nebulae, graphene has not yet been detected in interstellar environments. In this work, we search for the characteristic IR features of C24 at ∼6.6, 9.8 and 20 μm toward Sgr B2, a high-mass star formation region, and find a candidate target toward R.A. (J2000) = 267.05855° and Decl. (J2000) = −28.01479° in Sgr B2 whose Spitzer/IRS spectra exhibit three bands peaking at ∼6.637, 9.853 and 20.050 μm which appear to be coincident with those of C24. Possible features of C60 are also seen in this region. The candidate region is a warm dust environment heated by massive stars or star clusters, associated with a WISE spot (a tracer of star formation activity), close to the HII region candidate IRAS 17450–2759, and is surrounded by seven young stellar object candidates within ∼5′, suggesting that the creation and/or excitation of C24 could be related to star formation activities.
Photometric analysis and evolutionary stages of the contact binary V2790 Ori
Authors: Kriwattanawong Wichean , Kriwattanawong Kriangsak
Published: October 2019

A photometric analysis and evolutionary stages of the contact binary V2790 Ori are presented. TheBVRCobservations were carried out at the Thai National Observatory. The photometric light curves were fitted to provide fundamental parameters, required to examine evolutionary stages of the binary. The results indicate that V2790 Ori is a W-type contact system with a mass ratio ofq= 2.932. The orbital period increase is found at a rate of dP/dt= 1.03 × 10−7d yr−1. This implies that a rate of mass transfer from the secondary component to the primary one is dm2/dt= 6.31 × 10−8M⊙yr−1. Furthermore, we find that from the detached phase to the contact phase, the amount of mass that the evolved secondary component has lost is 1.188±0.110M⊙, i.e., mass lost by the system is 0.789±0.073M⊙and mass transfer to the primary is 0.399±0.037M⊙. Since the time of the first overflow, the angular momentum loss is found to be 72.2% ofJFOF, causing the orbit and Roche surface to shrink until the present time.
On the weak Lyα emission line of BL Lacertae objects
Authors: Bu Jia , Ma Ren-Yi , Fang Tao-Tao , Yu Xiao-Di , Cao Xin-Wu
Published: October 2019

Recent studies reveal that weak Lyα emission line may be a ubiquitous feature of nearby BL Laceratae objects (BL Lacs). We present a survey of the Lyα emission lines in BL Lacs, with a focus on data obtained by the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph onboard the Hubble Space Telescope. Among the 11 selected targets, seven show a clear detection of the intrinsic Lyα emission line, while one manifests a marginal detection. Two of these intrinsic Lyα lines are newly detected in this work (FBQS J1217+3007 and 3C 66A). Most selected BL Lacs are either high or intermediate-frequency peaked BL Lacs, with the only exception being one low-frequency peaked BL Lac. A strong anti-correlation between the line equivalent width and the continuum luminosity was found. The possible sources of ionizing photons that are responsible for production of the Lyα emission line are studied based on a widely accepted detailed accretion-jet model. It is found that the clouds of the broad line region are unlikely to be located in the jet cone region with an inclination angle of less than 10 degrees. Contributions from the jet and disk to the emission lines are found to be comparable. Additionally, a possible way to constrain the accretion rate from the emission line is proposed.
Shock Diffusion Analysis for a Directed Market Network Constructed with Use of the Risk Measure ΔCoVaR
Authors: Androsov Ivan , Faizliev Alexey , Korotkovskaya Elena , Lunkov Alexey , Mironov Sergei , Petrov Vladimir , Sidorov Sergei , Smolov Fedor
Published: October 2019

This paper studies a complex network formed as a directed graph in which nodes represent the companies traded on the NYSE or NASDAQ while directed edges represent a connectedness measure between the financial assets. The directed edge weight between any two nodes is calculated with use of the value of ΔCoVaR, one of the most popular systemic risk measures proposed by M. Brunnermeier and T. Adrian in 2011. The value of ΔCoVaR measures the relationship between any two assets and is based not only on the yields of the assets, but take into account the mutual effect of its performance. In contrast with correlation coefficient, ΔCoVaR is asymmetric. The analysis is focused on the static model of the ΔCoVaR estimation. Moreover, this paper uses statistical testing procedures to assess the significance of the findings and interpretations based on this co-risk measure. We examine the intrinsic properties and regularities of stock market analyzing the directed complex network with more than 3700 stocks as nodes which have been traded on the NYSE and NASDAQ in recent years. We connect any two stock with a directed edge if the value of the corresponding ΔCoVaR is statistically significant and its normalized value is greater than a given threshold. We discuss both out-degree and in-degree distributions and find essential vertices in the network, which represent the leading stocks. We demonstrate that the network follows the power-law distribution and behaves scale-free. Moreover, we address the problem of finding influential spreaders, i.e. companies which are more likely to spread negative shocks in a large part of the network. In this paper we use three different measures (closeness centrality, betweenness centrality, PageRank) to determine the most influential stocks in the directed market graph.
Food Chain Analysis Based on Graph Centrality Indicators
Authors: Kolesnikov Victor , Anikin Vasily , Mosolova Ekaterina , Faizliev Alexey , Mironov Sergei , Zemlyanskaya Maria , Pleshakov Michael , Sidorov Sergei
Published: October 2019

The knowledge of the structure and complexity of the food web is central for a better understanding of the ecosystem functioning. The food web analysis examines both species and energy flows among them, providing a natural basis for characterizing the ecological roles of the species and the mechanisms by which biodiversity influences the dynamics of the ecosystem. This paper, for the first time, presents the analysis of high-resolution food chain for the mixed forest ecosystem of Khvalynsky National Park.
Complex Variable Theorems for Finding Zeroes and Poles of Transcendental Functions
Authors: Giri Dr D V
Published: October 2019

The principle of the argument or the winding number is useful in finding the number of zeros of an analytic function in a given contour. A simple extension of this theorem yields relationships involving the locations of these zeros! The resulting equations can be solved very accurately for the zero locations, thus avoiding initial, guess values, which are required by many other techniques. Examples such as a 20th order polynomial, natural frequencies of a thin wire will be discussed.
Ostrogradsky-Gauss theorem for problems of gas and fluid mechanics
Authors: Prozorova Evelina
Published: October 2019

Annotation

Usually the derivation of conservation laws is analyzed using the Ostrogradsky-Gauss theorem for a fixed volume without moving. The theorem is a consequence of the application of the integration in parts at the spatial case. In reality, in mechanics and physics gas and liquid move and not only progressively, but also rotate. Discarding the term means ignoring the velocity circulation over the surface of the selected volume. When taking into account the motion of a gas, the extra-integral term is difficult to introduce into the differential equation. Therefore, to account for all components of the motion, it is proposed to use an integral formulation. Next question is the role of the discreteness of the description of the medium in the kinetic theory and the interaction of the discreteness and "continuity" of the media is investigated. The question of the relationship between the discreteness of a medium and its description with the help of continuum mechanics arises due to the fact that the distances between molecules in a rarefied gas are finite, the times between collisions are finite, but on definition under calculating derivatives on time and space we deal with infinitely small.
New delay-dependent robust exponential stability for uncertain linear systems with multiple non-differentiable time-varying delays and nonlinear perturbations
Authors: Wongphat A , Pinjai S
Published: October 2019

This paper studies delay-dependent robust stability analysis for uncertain linear systems with constant delay, time-varying delay and nonlinear perturbations. The restriction on the derivative of time-varying delay is removed, which means that the fast time-varying delays are allowed. Combined with Leibniz-Newton formula, integral inequalities, Wirtinger-based integral inequality, Peng-Park’s integral inequality, utilization of zero equation and new Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional have been adopted to study. New delay-dependent robust stability criteria for uncertain time-delay systems are established in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Numerical examples and simulation suggest that the results given to illustrate the effectiveness and improvement over some existing methods.
Mathematical model of a reactor for solid chemisorption refrigeration systems
Authors: Noriega Sanchez C J , Ballesteros H A , Gomes de Oliveira R , Guerrero Gomez G
Published: October 2019

The formulation of a mathematical model that allows simulating the operation of chemisorption refrigeration systems that use medium and low temperature thermal sources such as waste heat and have the purpose of increasing the energy efficiency of industrial and/or residential applications, is a prerequisite to design and facilitate the use of these systems. Such model is described here and is intended to evaluate the heat transfer inside of chemisorption reactor for refrigeration system that can operate with a metallic salt (sorbent) mixed with expanded graphite and NH3 as refrigerant fluid (adsorbate). The effectiveness of the model is validated through experimental results obtained for a SrCl2/NH3 pair allowing to postulate, a kinetic and thermal model that can be adapted to sorbent/adsorbate pairs of the same type operating under various conditions and thus quantify how operational variables affect the performance parameters of these systems. To this end, the impact of the cycle time and reactor radius on the specific cooling power (SCP) and the coefficient of performance (COP) is measured, concluding that these operational variables exert effects of an opposite nature on the SCP and COP of the system.
Novel considerations on the scaling of rate kernels in the equations of cluster aggregation
Authors: Brener A , Golubev V , Kazenova A , Sadyrbaeva A , Kenzhalieva A
Published: October 2019

The paper deals with the problem of scaling under calculating the rate kernels in the Smoluchowski equation of binary aggregation. Compact overview and critical analysis of the practiced today approaches have been submitted. It is shown that the known methods do not take sufficient account of the role of cluster internal restructuring under self-organization phenomena and dependence of their outward aggregation activity on the prehistory of cluster formation and their fine structure. The novel considerations on these two classes of problems which can be useful for creating a more careful methodology have been submitted.
The Power Normal distribution
Authors: Gonçalves Rui
Published: October 2019

The Inverse Box-Cox (BC) transformation (see [1]) produces the Power Normal (PN) distribution family that includes the log-normal and the normal distributions, see [2], [4] and [3]. The Box-Cox power transformation aims to transform data to approximate normality (truncated normal (TN)) therefore the knowledge of the its inverse scale is of major importance. In this paper we consider the univariate PN distribution, and, because in many applications there are more than one variable and correlation we also consider the bivariate PN distribution (BPN), see [6] and [5]. We give some important results concerning both distributions. In [6] it is given a formula to approximate the ordinary moments of the PN distribution, herein, we give an exact formula for the ordinary integer moments of the PN distribution. Regarding the BPN distribution, we calculate the marginal probability density functions (pdf) and we note that they are not univariate PN distributed however the conditional pdf is PN univariate. This is also true for the corresponding functions of the transformed scale, the TN distribution. The correlation curve or curve of the conditional momentsE(X2|X1=x1) that is useful to characterize the structure of the correlation is very well fitted by a power law modelf(x) =axb+c.
Progressive re-sampling for better rule set discovery
Authors: Sug Hyontai
Published: October 2019

Rough set theory-based knowledge discovery systems have the good property of discovering rule sets solely based on data so that objectivity in the discovered rule sets is very good. But, sometimes this property may hinder to find better knowledge models, depending on the composition of target data sets, especially when the data sets have key-like attributes, or data sets have some attributes having poor dependency to class attributes. Key-like attributes have minutely detailed values and the correspondence between conditional attributes and class attributes is precise. This paper shows how we can surmount the problem thru experiment. Two data sets are adapted for the experiment. A data set that has attributes of key-like and poor dependency was selected. And the other data set that does not have such properties is used to present a counter case. The experiment showed very good results and we found precautions when we apply rough set-based knowledge discovery systems. In addition, the experiment confirmed the fact that adding more data for target data set may increase the accuracy of knowledge models using rough set.
Hadamard Logarithmic Series and Inequalities on The parameters of a Strongly Regular Graph
Authors: Vieira Luís A.
Published: October 2019

Let G be a primitive strongly regular graph of order n and A its adjacency matrix. In this paper, we first associate an Euclidean Jordan algebra V to G considering the real Euclidean Jordan algebra spanned by the identity of order n and the natural powers of A. Next, by the analysis of the spectra of an Hadamard logarithmic series of V we establish new admissibility conditions on the parameters of the strongly regular graph G.
The Influencing Factors of Drug Addiction Based on Principal Component Analysis Model
Authors: Yu Gao
Published: October 2019

Nowadays, the United States is experiencing a global crisis about opioids. In order to solve this problem, based on the data of Ohio, Kentucky, Pennsylvania, Virginia and West Virginia, we used principal component analysis model and ARCMAP software to analyze the relationship between drug addiction and socio-economic factors. Taking the data of 2016 as an example, we use the principal component model to calculate the total score of each county on each index, and use ARCMAP software to draw the distribution map according to the color depth to reflect the score. By comparing the distribution map with the distribution map of opioid events in 2016, the relationship between drug addiction and socioeconomic is analyzed. It is concluded that drug addiction is related to education, the number of veterans and the number of disabled persons, but not to other indicators.
An approach to determine condition of boring tool using acoustic & vibration signals
Authors: Deole Pranjali S. , Chiddarwar Shital S. , Deshpande Vishwas S.
Published: October 2019

The work presented in the paper focuses on an approach for automatic system to determine boring tool condition, using acoustic signatures. This acoustic signal based tool wear prediction system removes the need for manual inspection of the tool cutting edges and minimizes the time used on wear measurement. The tool condition prediction system proposed in this paper for boring operation essentially utilizes acoustic sensor i.e. microphone. In order to understand effects of vibrations generated during boring operation on tool, vibration signals were also recorded and processed to compare it with acoustic signals. The signals were acquired by data acquisition system in LABVIEW environment. The data thus obtained were further processed using Fourier transform and wavelet transform. Using this transforms,12 number of time domain, frequency domain and time frequency domain features were collected then with soft computing techniques which are learning from data strategy i.e.RBF and MLP, prediction of tool condition was done. The experimental results were analyzed with respect to various depth of cuts, feed rates and cutting speed for EN8, EN-9 and EN-31 steel. This approach is well suited for determining condition of boring tool using acoustic and vibration signals.
Upgrading Strategy of Small and Medium Manufacturing Enterprises (SMMEs) to Smart Manufacturing
Authors: Zhang Baolei , Zhao Fuquan , Liu Zongwei
Published: October 2019

The contribution of Medium Manufacturing Enterprises (SMMEs) will not only weaken but also be strengthened under the background of smart manufacturing. It is the key point of achieving mass individualized production that lots of SMMEs with specialized and excellent manufacturing capability connect to smart manufacturing network. Nowadays, SMMEs of China are facing survival pressure and various severe challenge. Meanwhile, the developing experience and characteristics of SMMEs of China leads to the particularity of their upgrading process to smart manufacturing. The problems of process normalization, essential data, talents, and funds restrict SMMEs from upgrading to smart manufacturing seriously. It is very important for government, professional organizations, scientific research institutions, enterprises to do well on division of work and cooperation aiming at the key problems that enterprises are confronting now, in order to push forward the upgrading task to smart manufacturing together.
Automatic Hot Pressing System for Indium Packaging
Authors: Luo Yi , Li Yawei , Wang Xiaodong , Qiao Xiaoxu
Published: October 2019

Hot pressing is one kind of effective assembly technology to join two parts together. Automatic hot pressing need control both temperature and pressing force precisely and programmable. In this paper, an automatic hot pressing system for indium packaging is presented, the design motivation is to made the system reliable for application in industry and reach the accuracy requirement. A screw jack with servomotor is selected to actuate the hot pressing head to generate the pressing force, a linear encoder is used to detect the displacement of the screw jack to improve its motion accuracy. A force sensor is mounted underneath the 2-D platform to feedback the pressing force in real time. The hot pressing head is made up of four heating rods and a temperature sensor to control the pressing temperature. The exchangeable manipulator is designed to pick up parts with different size and shape. The machine vision is employed to calibrate the first set of parts to make the system flexible to product variety. The experimental results shown that the maximum force error is 9 N at working load of 2000 N and the temperature error is less than ± 0.3°C. The cycle time is 630 s.
Evaluation of The Leading Work Culture 5S in Industry
Authors: Rizkya I , Hidayati N , Sari R M , Tarigan U
Published: October 2019

At the moment the changes in the industrial world are getting faster, work demands increase based on the company wants. To support work it can be done easier and more comfortably, a effective and efficient work culture must be built. The effect of not succeeding in implementing an effective and efficient work culture is a work environment that is not clean and not neatly arranged. This paper will illustrate efforts to evaluate the application of the 5S (Five-S) work culture in the pine resin industry. 5S is applied to get a safe and comfortable working atmosphere. 5S stands for Seiri (sort), Seiton (Straighten), Seiso (Shine), Seiketsu (Standardize) and Shitsuke (sustain). The result of 5S evaluation is carried out in the pine gum industry produced a total score of 47, which 5S implementation was below the average, and a review was needed to increase the implementation of very weak of 5S component. The values of each 5S component are Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu and Shitsuke, respectively 17, 11, 7, 7, and 5. So the improvements are focused on Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu and Shitsuke.
Determination of Priority Supply Chain Distribution Using DEMATEL Method in Instant Noodle Company
Authors: Siregar I , Saedon J.B. , Mohd Shahriman Adenan
Published: October 2019

The company has a supply chain aims to improve company performance. The supply chain has a distribution center matches the company goals. Companies produce instant noodles have many branches spread in various regions. In order to achieve this goal, the company must determine the priority of the distribution center in the supply chain and analyze the relationship between each factor affects the distribution center to increase the flow of materials and information and the productivity of the company increase. Determination of company supply chain distribution priorities is done by using the DEMATEL method in knowing the criteria influences the selection of supply chain distribution centers. The criteria used are the four Balance Scorecard criteria, namely Financial, Internal, Customer and Learning & Growth. Then distributing priorities are obtained and the relationship of influence between criteria and distribution center. Based on the analysis of the distribution center in the company (Jambi, Medan, Aceh, Riau and Padang), it is obtained that the weighting value for prioritizing the distribution in sequence is 1,0035; 1,5649; 1,3789; 1,2605 and 1,2688. Then it is find out the level of importance sequentially, namely Medan, Aceh, Padang, Riau and Jambi.
Study of SMS gateway service application at the one stop agency of Medan city investment and service for licensing customer satisfaction
Authors: Nasution M A , Regif S Y
Published: October 2019

This research is about the Index of Public Satisfaction on the management of public services that are managed specifically for its users through the application of a service information system called the SMS Gateway. This application system provides information on licensing services in the Medan City of One Stop Agency Service and Investment Service in fulfilling requests from licensing service users without having to come to the DPMPTSP Medan office to get information on the progress of permits that have been entered in the licensing application. This research has an important objective, namely to provide a measurable analysis of the ability of state civil apparatus to manage access to be information technology progress for the benefit of the community, especially users of SMS Gateway, which is based on the assessment of community satisfaction and demands for the development of the industrial era 4.0. Based on information received from the DPMPTSP in Medan City, which was every day at the customer hall serves no less than 40 people who need licensing services within the workday span of 3 months, Monday - Friday totalling 40 x 60 days = 2400 populations with the number of samples 331 people.
Implementation of Porter Stemmer Algorithm to Obtain Basic Words in Toba Batak Language Documents with the Two-Level Morphological Method
Authors: Muchtar M A , Nababan Erna B , Nababan Manguji , Andayani U , Simanjuntak Tuti , Sitompul Opim S
Published: October 2019

Stemming is the process of deciphering words by carrying out affixes to words to get the right base words. In its development stemming has been developed for various languages, including Porter Stemmer. In this study, the stem was used to add Toba Batak language. Decapitation of affixes in the Toba Batak language is difficult because there are essential words that contain affixes and there are essential words that decay when affixed, namely the essential words beginning with the letter’s ‘t’, ‘s’ and ‘p’. To solve this problem by offering the implementation of a porter stemmer algorithm using the two-level morphological method. This stemmer method uses a dictionary of essential words. Each step in the stemmer process will always check the lexicon of the essential words so that the essential words that contain affixes will not be monitored, and if the word is not in the dictionary the basic word will not be stemming so when there are a name people or place names that contain affixes will not be implemented. The use of two levels of morphology was applied to the essential words beginning with the letter’s ‘t’, ‘s’ and ‘p’ to get the right essential words. From the results of testing on 20 Toba Batak language documents, the Porter stemmer algorithm with two levels of morphology can produce an accuracy rate of 87.503% with an average speed of 0.000460798 seconds per word.
Effect of internal heat exchanger to the performance of vapor compression cycle using refrigerant R32
Authors: Sihombing H V , Nasution A H , Ambarita H
Published: October 2019

Vapor compression refrigeration cycle generally is used in the Air-Conditioning (AC) system. In order to increase the energy efficiency, the Coefficient of Performance (COP) of the cycle need to be enhanced. Many innovations can be used, one is to utilize internal heat exchanger (IHX). In this work, the effect of IHX in the vapor compression cycle with refrigerant R32 is investigated and compared with refrigerant R22. The analyses are carried out at temperature evaporation of -5°C, 0°C, and 5°C by using software ASPEN PLUS. The results show that effect of IHX in the cycle with refrigerant R22 increases the COP from 22.78% to 25.61%. On the other hand, in the cycle with refrigerant R32 the COP increases from 33.79% to 36.80%. The average increase for the cycle with refrigerant R22 and refrigerant R32 is 24.14% and 37.04%, respectively. This fact reveals that IHX in the cycle with R32 is more effective that the cycle with refrigerant R22.
Modeling of Multilayer MMIC Coplanar Waveguide Low Pass Filter for Cellular Application
Authors: Sedayu Cakra D. , Sinulingga Emerson P. , Hasan Syafruddin
Published: October 2019

In the early development of Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit (MMIC) technology, most of the components use Microstrip structure. In order to connect the active components to the ground in the Microstrip design is limited by the thickness of the substrate to avoid circuit performance degradation due to vertical coupling. Thus it can be said that the Microstrip is not the primary choice of design in operating components at microwave and millimeter wave frequencies. The Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) design technique was proposed as an alternative to the Microstrip structure for MMIC components. With CPW design technique, it generates components and circuits which are cost-effective and allow miniaturization of components in MMIC environment. In this paper, CPW Low Pass Filter (LPF) electromagnetic modeling has been demonstrated based on multilayer MMIC technology for the 2,100 MHz mobile application. The LPF CPW specification has been modeled with the substrate of GaAS (εr=12.9) and Polymide (ϵr=3.7). The thickness of GaAS substrate and Polyimide dielectric is 600 micron and 2.5 micron respectively for each layer.
Development of unsteady multi-hole pressure probes based on fiber-optic pressure sensors
Authors: Heckmeier Florian M , Iglesias Daniel , Kreft Stefanie , Kienitz Sascha , Breitsamter Christian
Published: October 2019

For measurements of unsteady flow phenomena with multi-hole pressure probes, pressure transducers are integrated in the probe near the probe tip. The application of additive manufacturing enables a wide variation in probe geometries for complex use cases. The spatial characteristics of the unsteady probe are determined by the steady state calibration in a known free-jet wind tunnel. Furthermore, the acoustic/pneumatic line-cavity system, that emerges inside the channels of the probe, is investigated in detail in the temporal calibration. In order to realize multi-hole probes with higher temporal resolution, which can be operated in harsh environments, a fiber-optic pressure sensor is developed. The measurement principle of the fiber-optic sensor is based on the Fabry-Pérot interferometer effect. The sensor is operated differentially with a pressure capillary by either pressurizing the sensor or using the surrounding static pressure as the reference pressure. Besides calibration of the sensor, comparisons with a state-of-the-art piezo-resistive pressure transducer have been performed. The focus of this work is on the reproducibility of both frequency response and amplitude.
Differential localization of PD-L1 and Akt-1 involvement in radioresistant and radiosensitive cell lines of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Schulz D , Streller M , Piendl G , Brockhoff G , Reichert T E , Menevse A N , Beckhove P , Hautmann M G , Bauer R J , Ettl T
Published: October 2019

Immunotherapy by blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint demonstrated amazing tumor response in advanced cancer patients including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, the majority of HNSCC patients still show little improvement or even hyperprogression. Irradiation is currently investigated as synergistic treatment modality to immunotherapy as it increases the number of T-cells thereby enhancing efficacy of immunotherapy. Apart from this immunogenic context a growing amount of data indicates that PD-L1 also plays an intrinsic role in cancer cells by regulating different cellular functions like cell proliferation or migration. Here, we demonstrate opposing membrane localization of PD-L1 in vital and apoptotic cell populations of radioresistant (RR) and radiosensitive (RS) HNSCC cell lines up to 72 h after irradiation using flow cytometry. Moreover, strong PD-L1 expression was found in nuclear and cytoplasmic cell fractions of RR. After irradiation PD-L1 decreased in nuclear fractions and increased in cytoplasmic fractions of RR cells. In contrast, RS cell lines did not express PD-L1, neither in the nucleus nor in cytoplasmic fractions. Additionally, overexpression of PD-L1 in RS cells led to a proportional increase of vital PD-L1 positive cells after irradiation. Moreover, co-immunoprecipitation experiments revealed an interaction between Akt-1 and PD-L1, mostly in irradiated RR cells compared to RS cells suggesting a differential influence of PD-L1 on cell signaling. In summary, our data imply the need for different therapeutic strategies dependent on the molecular context in which PD-L1 is embedded.
Connecting signals and benefits through partner choice in plant–microbe interactions
Authors: Younginger Brett S , Friesen Maren L
Published: October 2019

Stabilizing mechanisms in plant–microbe symbioses are critical to maintaining beneficial functions, with two main classes: host sanctions and partner choice. Sanctions are currently presumed to be more effective and widespread, based on the idea that microbes rapidly evolve cheating while retaining signals matching cooperative strains. However, hosts that effectively discriminate among a pool of compatible symbionts would gain a significant fitness advantage. Using the well-characterized legume–rhizobium symbiosis as a model, we evaluate the evidence for partner choice in the context of the growing field of genomics. Empirical studies that rely upon bacteria varying only in nitrogen-fixation ability ignore host–symbiont signaling and frequently conclude that partner choice is not a robust stabilizing mechanism. Here, we argue that partner choice is an overlooked mechanism of mutualism stability and emphasize that plants need not use the microbial services provided a priori to discriminate among suitable partners. Additionally, we present a model that shows that partner choice signaling increases symbiont and host fitness in the absence of sanctions. Finally, we call for a renewed focus on elucidating the signaling mechanisms that are critical to partner choice while further aiming to understand their evolutionary dynamics in nature.
Protein aggregation in bacteria
Authors: Schramm Frederic D , Schroeder Kristen , Jonas Kristina
Published: October 2019

Protein aggregation occurs as a consequence of perturbations in protein homeostasis that can be triggered by environmental and cellular stresses. The accumulation of protein aggregates has been associated with aging and other pathologies in eukaryotes, and in bacteria with changes in growth rate, stress resistance and virulence. Numerous past studies, mostly performed in Escherichia coli, have led to a detailed understanding of the functions of the bacterial protein quality control machinery in preventing and reversing protein aggregation. However, more recent research points toward unexpected diversity in how phylogenetically different bacteria utilize components of this machinery to cope with protein aggregation. Furthermore, how persistent protein aggregates localize and are passed on to progeny during cell division and how their presence impacts reproduction and the fitness of bacterial populations remains a controversial field of research. Finally, although protein aggregation is generally seen as a symptom of stress, recent work suggests that aggregation of specific proteins under certain conditions can regulate gene expression and cellular resource allocation. This review discusses recent advances in understanding the consequences of protein aggregation and how this process is dealt with in bacteria, with focus on highlighting the differences and similarities observed between phylogenetically different groups of bacteria.