bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE PLACE AND IMPORTANCE OF FORENSIC WEAPONS IN THE SYSTEM OF MODERN FORENSIC SCIENCE
Authors: ABDURAHMANOV ALEKSANDR , Admiralova Irina
Published: August 2024

The article is devoted to theoretical and applied principles that reveal the place and significance of forensic weapons science in the system of modern forensic scientific knowledge. The state of its scientific development within the framework of the forensic technology section at the present time is examined. The increased importance of forensic weapons science in the activities of law enforcement agencies in solving and investigating crimes is substantiated. The essential characteristics of foren-sic weapons science in the process of investigative activities are revealed. Promising directions for the development of forensic weapons science in the short term are substantiated.
Editorial
Authors: Peterson Lesley
Published: August 2024

This is the Editorial for JJS vol. 6, no. 2 (August 2024).
Komunikasi Interpersonal Kepala Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi Kerja Guru di SDN 16 Ampenan
Authors: Azizah Yupiatul , Aini Nurul , Pratiwi Alifha Asna , Sudirman Sudirman
Published: August 2024

Komunikasi interpersonal di sekolah jika dilaksanakan dengan baik dan benar, pasti memengaruhi perilaku tenaga pendidik dalam melaksanakan pekerjaannya sehingga dapat meningkatkan kinerjanya di sekolah. Oleh sebab itu, perlu adanya kerjasama yang harmonis dan saling keterbukaan antara kepala sekolah dengan guru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan komunikasi interpersonal kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan motivasi kerja guru di SDN 16 Ampenan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif, sedangkan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara dan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa komunikasi interpersonal kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan motivasi kerja guru di SDN 16 Ampenan sudah berjalan dengan baik. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari: a) keterbukaan, yaitu kepala sekolah sudah sangat terbuka dalam menyampaikan sebuah informasi; b) empati, yaitu kepala sekolah dalam menunjukkan sikap empati kepada para guru dengan mendengarkan dan menanggapi keluhan dari para guru; c) dukungan, yaitu kepala sekolah memberikan dukungan dan memberikan kesempatan yang sama kepada setiap untuk menyamapikan ide dan pendapat mereka; d) rasa positif, yaitu kepala sekolah memberikan  kesempatan dan perhatian yang sama kepada setiap guru; dan e) kesetaraan, yaitu kepala sekolah tidak meremehkan kinerja guru. Dengan adanya sikap tersebut mengakibatkan motivasi kerja guru di SDN 16 Ampenan meningkat.
Macroinvertebrates as a Bioindicator of Water Quality in the Jangkok River, Lombok Island
Authors: Nurhairani Nurhairani , Candri Dining Aidil , Zamroni Yuliadi
Published: August 2024

Rivers are water bodies in open ecosystems where activities in the environment have an impact on river water quality. Monitoring of water quality is necessary to preserve aquatic resources. One of the river basins on Lombok Island is the Jangkok River. This river has a high utility, so water quality monitoring is needed. Macroinvertebrates are one of the best biological indicators for water quality monitoring. The objective of this study is to determine the diversity of macroinvertebrates and the quality of Jangkok River waters by using macroinvertebrates as bioindicators so that the results of this study can be used as a reference basis for the future use of Jangkok River water in the allocation of community needs. The method used in this research is biomonitoring with macroinvertebrate bioindicators, and the technique used in sampling is purposive sampling. Sampling was conducted at three stations, namely the upstream, middle, and downstream parts of the Jangkok River. The data analysis used was the Family Biotic Index (FBI) supported by physical-chemical parameters. The results of this study showed that the macroinvertebrates identified were 721 individuals consisting of 5 classes, 17 orders, and 36 families. The water quality of the Jangkok River, based on the FBI value in the upstream and middle sections, is still included in the good category, while in the downstream section, it falls into the very bad category.
Green Synthesis Gold Nanoparticles using Bioreductor of Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) Leaf Extract as an Antioxidant
Authors: Fernanda Cintya Dita , Taufikurohmah Titik
Published: August 2024

Gold nanoparticles are inorganic metal materials in suspended solutions with a particle size reduction process to the 5-400 nm nanoscale range. Gold nanoparticles can be synthesized using the green synthesis method using a bioreductor of butterfly pea leaf infusion extract, which can be used as an antioxidant. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of gold nanoparticles using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer and TEM and to determine the antioxidant strength of gold nanoparticles through the IC50 value. This study used 20, 10, 5, and 2.5 ppm concentration variations. The results of the characterization of gold nanoparticles using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer showed a maximum wavelength of 550 nm, and the results of the TEM test showed a particle diameter of 6.58 nm. The antioxidant activity test was carried out using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) quenching method, resulting in % quenching at a concentration of 20, 10, 5 and 2.5 ppm of 76.3; 70.6; 85.5; and 92.9% and an IC50 value of 0.25 ppm which is included in strong antioxidants. It can be concluded that gold nanoparticles synthesized using butterfly pea leaf extract have the potential to be an effective antioxidant agent.
A IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS NO AMBIENTE ESCOLAR COMO INSTRUMENTO PARA UMA EDUCAÇÃO DE EXCELÊNCIA
Authors: SILVA GICELE SANTOS DA
Published: August 2024

O Artigo apresenta como tema central a necessária implementação dos Direitos Humanos no Ambiente Escolar, na busca de um padrão de qualidade da Educação, constitucionalmente exigida. A metodologia adotada consiste em uma pesquisa hipotético-dedutiva e utilizando de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, com verificação da doutrina e a comparação do posicionamento do Poder Legislativo, Executivo e Judiciário, sobre o tema, e respondendo a questão objeto do estudo: O padrão de qualidade da Educação Nacional requerido por normas formalmente constitucionais e supralegais, tem como conteúdo o ensino e a implementação dos Direitos Humanos protetores de todos, mas, em especial, de grupos populacionais identificados como vulneráveis, e qual a amplitude dos conteúdos daqueles direitos no contexto escolar? O estudo tem por objetivo geral verificar se os conteúdos e os fins da Educação vinculam-se aos Direitos Humanos. E, como objetivos específicos: Identificar os elementos de garantia do padrão de qualidade, na Educação Escolar, conforme a Constituição Federal; Compreender a interpretação realizada pelos três Poderes; Analisar se é possível e de que modo o padrão de qualidade é indissociável da normativa dos Direitos Humanos no país. Constatou-se que, embora tenham ocorrido avanços na implementação dos Direitos Humanos, no contexto Escolar, há resistências ideológicas, demonstradas na atuação dos três Poderes, ao elaborar Leis e Atos Normativos.
Antibacterial Resistance and Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Phenotypes in Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Fecal Samples of Humans and Animals in Selected Local Government Areas of Nasarawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Richard R , Ezejiofor Tin , Nsofor Ca , Maningi NE
Published: August 2024

It is quite alarming the increasing rate of antibacterial resistance all over the world considering the public health threat and the re-emergence of multi-drug resistant Enterobacteriaceae. The aim of this study is Antibacterial resistance and phenotypic detection of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae isolated from human and animal fecal samples in selected local government areas of Nasarawa state, Nigeria was carried out in the study. Hundred (100) samples comprising human and animal (goats, cattle, and chicken) were collected and 55 samples were multidrug resistant. A commercial biochemical kit (Eneterosystem 18R) was used for the isolation and identification of Enterobacteriaceae. Kirby Bauer Disk Diffusion Method was used for antibacterial susceptibility testing of Enterobacteriaceae isolates. The Double Disc Synergy Test (DDST) method was also used for the phenotypic confirmation test of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL). The occurrence of multidrug-resistant isolates shows that Escherichia coli (100.00%) which is the highest, Proteus mirabilis (14.54%), Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Salmonella enterica (10.90%), while the occurrence of Shigella flexneri (9.09%) was the lowest. The Enterobacteriaceae isolates were more resistant to Cefuroxime, Cefexime, Amoxicillin Clavulanate, and Imipenem/Cilastatin with percentage resistance ranges from 66.6% - 100%. The occurrence of ESBL producers shows that Escherichia coli (60.00%) and Proteus mirabilis (62.5%) were high while Shigella flexneri (20.0%) had a low occurrence of ESBL. The sale and in-discriminate use of antibiotics without a prescription is an important regulatory issue in the abuse of antibiotics for both humans and animals. The Beta-Lactam and gentamycin antibiotics were not effective against the Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) isolates and most of the isolates were ESBL producers.
Obstetric Renal Failure: Causes, Prognosis, and Evolution
Authors: Tchich H , Harmak K , Al-Firdaous I , Medkouri G , Mtioui N , Khayat SS , Zamd M , Benghanem M
Published: August 2024

The incidence of obstetric acute renal failure remains significant in developing countries. The aim of our study is to define the risk factors involved in the occurrence of ARF during pregnancy or during the immediate postpartum period and to evaluate its evolutionary profile in terms of epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, and therapeutic management over the years in Morocco. This is a retrospective study conducted in the maternal-infant resuscitation service of the Ibn Rochd University Hospital of Casablanca, over the period from January 2020 to August 2023, including 95 patients. The current incidence in our series over this period was 22.2%. The mean age of our population was 33 ± 7.74 years [18-43 years], 67.3% of patients were in the gestational period, compared to 33.7% in the immediate postpartum period. Fourteen patients were primiparous (8.6%), 27.4% had a history of miscarriage, and 10.7% had a history of pre-eclampsia. Oligo-anuria was initially identified in 24 patients. The most frequent etiology was pre-eclampsia (56.7%), followed by hemorrhage (27%) and sepsis (19.3%). The evolution was marked by recourse to hemodialysis in 62% of cases, with a maternal mortality of 26%. The existence of heart disease, the context of pre-eclampsia, and the use of diuretics and vasoactive drugs were significantly correlated with maternal survival. No factor was correlated with secondary recovery from ARF. The development of health structures and the optimization of screening strategies are the keywords for prevention.
Analysis Factors Teachers Occupational Well-Being
Authors: Kholisna Titin
Published: August 2024

Faktor-faktor kesejahteraan kerja guru meliputi beragam komponen yang mempengaruhinya baik dari segi fisik, sosial, ekonomi, psikologis dan hukum. Penelitian ini menggunakan instrumen pengembangan kuantitatif yang bertujuan untuk mengembangkan instrumen berupa item-item dan faktor/komponen sehingga diperoleh hasil validitas yang memadai. Telah memperoleh hasil pengembangan sejumlah 75 item skala kesejahteraan kerja guru yang telah diuji coba kepada 23 guru. Dengan menggunakan analisis eksploratori telah diperoleh hasil item yang valid dengan faktor loading > 0,5 sebanyak 38 item dengan empat faktor yang terbentuk dari matriks komponen yang diputar nilai item 0,52 (lebih rendah) - 0,867 (lebih tinggi). Hasil faktor-faktor tersebut dibuat penamaan faktor yaitu faktor 1 adalah pengakuan dan kepuasan profesional kerja berjumlah 13 item, faktor 2 adalah keterampilan pengembangan diri berjumlah 9 item, faktor 3 adalah dukungan sistem administratif berjumlah 9 item, faktor 4 adalah keseimbangan kultur sekolah berjumlah 7 item dan instrumen pengembangan ini telah memperoleh reliabilitas sebesar 0,964.
Strategies and Impacts of The Sukabumi Reading Enthusiast Program on Community Literacy
Authors: Kobasah R. Histato Dayanto , Nurhayati Sri
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to explore the strategies and impacts of the Sukabumi Reading Enthusiast Program on fostering community literacy and reading habits within the community. Employing a descriptive method, data were collected through observation, study of the documents and interviews with 25 participants to provide comprehensive insights into the program's effectiveness. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis and triangulation. The findings reveal that the program's structured and habitual activities, such as the weekly Readhaton sessions and daily reading practices before school lessons, significantly enhance reading engagement among participants. These activities, embedded into the school curriculum and supported by community involvement, have led to a notable increase in reading interest and proficiency. The selection of diverse and age-appropriate reading materials, tailored to the needs and preferences of the community, further supports the program's success. Moreover, the program's impact extends beyond immediate participants, fostering a culture of reading that involves families and public spaces. The study highlights the program's success in increasing the number of books read, the time spent reading, and overall participation in community reading activities. These outcomes demonstrate the program's efficacy in promoting literacy, enhancing creative thinking, and developing sustainable reading habits among community members.
Digital Literacy's Influence on Critical Thinking Skills of Office Administration Education Students at UNESA
Authors: Panduwinata Lifa , Setiawati Fadilah
Published: August 2024

This study aims to discover a significant positive relationship between digital literacy and critical thinking abilities among students in the Office Administration Education Program at Universitas Negeri Surabaya. The research employed a quantitative ex-post facto design. The sample consisted of 235 randomly selected students from a population of 650. Sample determination utilized the Isaac and Michael table with a 5% margin of error. Data collection was conducted via survey using a questionnaire. Data analysis techniques included outer model analysis (convergent validity, composite reliability, Cronbach's alpha, discriminant validity, AVE), inner model analysis (R-Square, F-Square, direct effect) using smartPLS 4.0 software. The findings indicate that digital literacy significantly influences critical thinking abilities among Office Administration Education students’ class of 2021-2023. The implications of this research are that a student's digital literacy can aid in collecting, organizing, and analyzing data, as well as synthesizing information from various digital sources, allowing one to build a more comprehensive and integrated understanding of an issue and develop stronger arguments.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar untuk Menunjang Pembelajaran Kurikulum Merdeka pada Materi Laju Reaksi Fase F SMA/MA
Authors: Hamsil Fatia , Mawardi Mawardi , Suryani Okta
Published: August 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk ketercapaian dalam mengembangkan bahan ajar dengan dilengkapi multirepresentasi kimia pada materi laju reaksi yang mendukung pembelajaran kurikulum merdeka dalam membangun model mental peserta didik Fase F SMA/MA. Desain penelitian pendidikan atau (EDR) merupakan jenis penelitian yang digunakan dengan pendekatan model pengembangan Plomp, dimana sebuah metode yangg sistematis untuk merancang dan mengevaluasi program pendidikan. Tiga orang dosen pada kimia, dua guru yang mengajar kimia dan sembilan siswa menjadi subjek pada penelitian ini. Angket validitas dan angket praktikalitas sebagai alat pengumpulan data. Rata-rata kevalidan kontstruk = 0.94 dikategorikan valid. Selanjutnya didapatkan persentase praktikalitas guru sebesar 97% dan rata-rata persentase 93% pada siswa berdasarkan uji praktikalitas dengan kategori sangat praktis. Kesimpulan hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahan ajar yang dikembangkan pada materi laju reaksi untuk mendukung pembelajaran kurikulum merdeka dilengkapi multirepresentasi kimia dikatakan valid dan kepraktisan yang tinggi.
Upaya Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun melalui Metode Bernyanyi di TK Al Hidayah Rambipuji Tahun Ajaran 2024
Authors: Anggraeni Fitria Merie , Ali A. Zulkarnain , Wijaya Pipit Rika
Published: August 2024

An important dynamic component in the learning process is motivation. Lack of motivation causes students to underachieve. One of the learning motivations is through singing, an alternative method often used by teachers in the teaching and learning process. Singing is indeed an effective method to increase learning motivation, especially in early childhood. This study was conducted on 22 students with observation and interview data. The results of the study were that children easily feel bored and fed up during learning hours in children aged 4-5 years with a total of 22 students in group B. In class B, there were children who felt bored and fed up so that to help the learning process through the singing method. The results of the pre-cycle observation that the assessment indicator had not developed (BB) reached 95%, there were many students who were not used to the learning process so that it was not fun, making students feel bored and fed up and the assessment indicator began to develop (MB) reaching 5%. Furthermore, 95% were included in the BSB category and 5% were included in the BSH category. This success is due to the fact that children feel happy with learning activities using the singing method and that the variety of songs that are done every day prevents them from getting bored and the results of the actions taken in two locations show that the singing method helps Al Hidayah Rambipuji Kindergarten students learn better.
Code-Switching Used in Indonesian-Japanese Interpersonal Communication: A Sociolinguistics Study
Authors: Rahayu Ely Triasih , Hartati  , Felayati Safrina Arifiani , Sholikhati Nur Indah , Pujiastuti Etin
Published: August 2024

This research analyzed code-switching used during interpersonal communication events between Indonesian and Japanese native speakers who understand both languages. This sociolinguistic analysis examines the phenomenon of code-switching based on socio-cultural and socio-situational. In this study, the data were collected using questionnaires and interviews. Findings have found that several factors underlie code-switching in interpersonal communication: the ability of language participants, speakers' shifting moods and wills, conversational topics, speakers' sense of solidarity, speakers' incapacity to use linguistic codes, and speakers' propensity to use the idea that a first-learned vocabulary (cognitive primacy). The purposes of code-switching in a conversation are to facilitate communication, strengthen the bond between the speaker and the speaking partner, respect one another's cultural backgrounds, facilitate discussion, enhance foreign language proficiency, and serve as a reminder to speakers to address specific topics or provide an answer to a question.
How Social Media as a Digital Marketing Strategy Influences Chinese Students' Decision to Study Abroad in the United States: A Model Analysis Approach
Authors: Zhao Zhiqiang , Ren Ping , Tang Min
Published: August 2024

The rise of social media has significantly transformed global education marketing. This study examines the influence of social media as a digital marketing tool on Chinese students' decisions to study in the United States. By using a model analysis approach, the research offers insights to help educational institutions develop effective digital marketing strategies tailored to the Chinese student market. Key influential factors are identified through the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model. The findings underscore social media's crucial role in shaping Chinese students' perceptions, expectations, and decision-making processes regarding studying abroad. The paper concludes with practical implications and suggestions for future research.
Компании БигТех на рынке банковских услуг: проблемы регулирования
Authors: Кузнецова В.В. , Ларина О.И.
Published: August 2024

В статье обсуждается влияние на развитие финансово-банковской системы экспансии высокотехнологичных компаний (компаний БигТех) на финансовый рынок, особенно усилившейся в связи с ростом числа дистанционных клиентских сервисов. Авторы выделяют специфические риски для финансового сектора, исходящие от деятельности компаний БигТех: несправедливая конкуренция с традиционными игроками; системные риски, порождаемые высокой инфраструктурной значимостью отдельных видов услуг; риски возможного доминирования и пр. Усиление значимости компаний БигТех требует формирования новых подходов в финансовом регулировании и надзоре, что непросто обеспечить, учитывая трансграничный характер их деятельности. Рассмотрены рекомендации международных экспертов о направлениях трансформации надзора в финансовой сфере, учитывающие рост влияния БигТеха.
Развитие юниорного бизнеса в горнодобывающей отрасли России: проблемы и перспективы
Authors: Ноговицын Р.Р. , Иванов А.А.
Published: August 2024

Рассматривается проблема создания юниорных геологоразведочных компаний в России. На основе изучения мирового опыта сравниваются подходы к их определению, целеполаганию, финансированию. Запущенный в России механизм акционирования юниорных компаний на площадке СПБ Биржи пока не принес ожидаемого результата – компании не размещают на ней свои акции. В монополизированной алмазодобывающей отрасли первой юниорной компанией, чьи ценные бумаги окажутся в свободном обращении, может стать ПАО «АЛМАР», разрабатывающая россыпные алмазные месторождения в Арктической зоне Республики Саха (Якутия).
Перспективы алмазодобывающих регионов России в контексте возможных изменений алмазно-бриллиантового комплекса
Authors: Григорьева Е.Э.
Published: August 2024

В статье изложены системные преобразования алмазодобывающей отрасли России и оценивается их отклик в экономической системе двух регионов – Республики Саха (Якутия) и Архангельской области. Построена когнитивная карта причинно-следственных связей, определяющих динамику воздействия алмазодобычи на элементы экономической системы территории. Рассмотрены ключевые показатели, отражающие эти сдвиги на примере двух регионов данной специализации. Проведено прогнозирование доступности разведанных запасов алмазов на перспективу до 2035 г. Представлены результаты когнитивного моделирования экономической системы алмазодобывающих регионов по оптимистическому и кризисному сценарию при импульсном воздействии факторов внешней конъюнктуры алмазной индустрии. Предлагаемый методологический подход предлагается использовать для системного и проблемно-ориентированного управления алмазно-бриллиантовым комплексом России, который находится в процессе трансформации.
Analisis Pengaruh Porositas Terhadap Uji Kuat Tekan Uniaksial Pada Batulempung di Desa Srimulyo Piyungan Yogyakarta
Authors: Okarinda Shofina Rizqi
Published: August 2024

Uji sifat fisik batuan merupakan pengujian pada batuan untuk diketahui sifat fisik (bobot isi, berat jenis, kadar air, derajat kejenuhan, porositas dan angka pori) dari batuan tersebut. Uji kuat tekan uniaksial ialah bagaimana batuan tersebut bisa bertahan dalam sifat elastisitasnya sebelum runtuh. Uji UCS dilakukan menggunakan alat uji tekan contoh batuan dari satu arah (uniaxial). Kuat Tekan Uniaksial dan sifat fisik merupakan parameter yang menentukan dalam hal rekayasa mekanika batuan salah satunya dalam proyek pertambangan. Kuat tekan uniaksial pada batuan berpengaruh terhadap nilai porositas dan densitas suatu batuan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis nilai porositas, dan pengaruhnya terhadap nilai kuat tekan batuan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif, dilakukan dengan melakukan perhitungan pada uji kuat tekan uniaksial untuk mendapatkan nilai kuat tekannya dan uji  fisik. Didapatkan nilai porositas sebesar 21,44 – 46,22 % dengan rata-rata 38,16 %, dan kuat tekan uniaksial mendapatkan nilai sebesar 16,20 – 30,46 MPa dengan rata-rata 22,29 MPa. Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan yaitu adanya pengaruh hubungan antara porositas dengan kuat tekan uniaksial, dengan R² 0,9051. Semakin besar porositas dan kadar air yang terkandung, maka akan semakin berkurang kekuatan batuan.
Reconstructing past sea-level changes from storm-built beach ridges
Authors: Rovere Alessio , Pappalardo Marta , Richiano Sebastian , Ryan Deirdre , Rubio-Sandoval Karla , Martin Ruiz Patricio , Montes Alejandro , Gowan Evan
Published: August 2024

Storm-built beach ridges, built by waves on sedimentary coasts, can be used as geomorphological indicators of past sea level. However, quantifying the relationship between the geomorphological elements of the ridge and the paleo sea level at the time of deposition is difficult, as a beach ridge is primarily correlated to wave energy and only secondarily to the position of sea level. In this work, we propose a methodology to quantify the upper and lower limits of a storm-built beach ridge based on remote sensing data. We use the tidal model FES2022, data from the Copernicus Marine Service and beach slope gathered from satellite imagery as inputs to different wave runup models, that are used to calculate the limits of the storm-built beach ridge. We test our approach on a particularly well-preserved Pleistocene storm-built beach ridge in Patagonia, Argentina. Our results show that the paleo relative sea level reconstructed using remote sensing data coincides (82.8% similarity) with that obtained from measured modern analog landforms at the same location.
Dyadic Person Similarity Predicts Similarity in Face Judgements
Authors: Williams Rochelle , Garrido Lucia
Published: August 2024

Perceivers consistently extract information from faces to judge whether others are attractive, trustworthy, or dominant. However, there is also substantial variability among perceivers when making these face-judgements. Here, we investigated whether dyadic similarities in participants’ personalities are related to similarities in their face-judgements. 307 participants based in the UK rated 24 faces on six traits. Participants also rated themselves on social-traits and completed a personality questionnaire. We computed dissimilarities between pairs of participants for face-judgements, self-perceived-traits, and personality-traits, resulting in three separate dissimilarity matrices. Using representational similarity analysis, we showed that both the self-perceived-trait and personality matrices were significantly correlated with the face-judgement matrix. Importantly, these associations were stable when controlling for age, gender, ethnicity, and location. These findings show that people who are more similar to each other also perceive others in a similar manner, and could form the basis for how we gravitate towards others and build friendships.
Day-to-day fluctuations in motivation drive effort-based choices
Authors: Hewitt Samuel RC , Norbury Agnes , Huys Quentin JM , Hauser Tobias U.
Published: August 2024

Internal states like motivation fluctuate substantially over time. However, studies of the neurocomputational mechanims of motivated behaviour have failed to capture this. Here, we examined how naturalistic ups and downs in state motivation influence the subjective value of reward and effort. In a novel microlongitudinal design (N=155, state timepoints=3344, decision-making tasks=845), we captured fluctuations in state and effort-based decision-making using smartphone-based, momentary assessments as people went about their daily lives. We found that both state and trait have independent and multiplicative effects on decision-making. State-behaviour coupling was particularly pronounced in individuals with higher trait apathy, meaning that their choices were even more state dependent. Using computational modelling, we demonstrate that state motivation prospectively boosted reward sensitivity, making people more willing to exert effort in future. Our results show that day-to-day fluctuations in state and cognition are tightly linked and critical for understanding fundamental human behaviours and mental ill-health.
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Authors: Seo Chang Wook , Park JungJin , Kim Seonghyeon , Im Gyeonghun , Seo Myunggyun , Shin Yerim , Cho Kyungmin , Song Seung Han
Published: August 2024

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सांस्कृतिक राजनीति र समावेशी लोकतन्त्रः परिवर्तित सन्दर्भमा पश्चिम नेपालका थारूहरूको बरघर अभ्यास
Authors: ढकाल Dhakal सुरेश Suresh
Published: August 2024

नेपालमा पछिल्ला दशकहरूमा भएका राजनीतिक परिवर्तनले लोकतान्त्रिक गणतान्त्रिक संविधान र राज्यको पुनःसंरचना जस्ता दूरगामी प्रभाव पार्ने परिणामहरू मात्र दिएको छैन, तिनको प्रभाव नागरिकको दैनिक जीवन र सामाजिक गतिशीलतामा समेत पारेको छ । प्राथमिक सूचनामा आधारित यो लेख तिनै राजनैतिक उपलब्धिहरूको सामाजिक प्रभावहरूलाई व्यावहारिक तहमा बुझ्ने प्रयास हो । सांस्कृतिक जीवनको राजनीतिमा प्रभावका सम्बन्धमा पर्याप्त अध्ययन नभएको सन्दर्भमा यो लेखले सांस्कृतिक–राजनीतिको अवधारणाबाट समावेशी स्थानीय सरकारका लागि समकालीन राजनीति बुझ्ने प्रयास गरेको छ । राज्यको पुुनःसरचना, सङ्घीयता र स्थनीय सरकार पछिल्ला दशकका प्रमुख राजनीतिक उपलब्धि हुन्, जसले नेपाली समाजलाई अद्वितीय ढङ्गबाट प्रभावित गरेको सांस्कृतिक–राजनीतिछ । राज्यका सबै तह र प्रक्रियामा समावेशिताको सिद्धान्त संविधानप्रदत्त प्रावधान हो । यसै परिप्रेक्ष्यमा पश्चिम नेपालका थारूहरूको पहिचान र प्रथाजनित संस्था बरघर (मटावाँ, ख्याल, जुटैला/जुट्याल्हा) मार्फत जातीय पहिचानसहितको सांस्कृतिक–राजनीति र स्थानीय सरकारको सामाजिक समावेशिताको प्रयास यस लेखको मुख्य विषयवस्तुु हुन् ।
Determination of Critical MicelleDetermination of Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC) of Sodium Stearate and FESEM Study
Authors: Yadav Brahamdeo , Bhattarai Ajaya , Yadav Chandradip Kumar
Published: August 2024

Correction: On 22 November 2024, the title of the article was changed and two authors were added.
Surfactant is an organic compound with polar and nonpolar parts. The conductivity of sodium stearate surfactant in double distilled water has been studied by conductometric method at three temperatures (298.15, 308.15, and 318.15) K. The conductivity of the surfactant increases with an increase in temperature and concentration of solution. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of sodium stearate determined at temperature 298.15 K is 0.00095 M using the easy plot software. FESEM image shows the morphological structure of the sodium stearate surfactant.
الدور الوسيط للتوريد الخارجي للموارد البشرية بين راس المال الوظيفي ونمذجة السلوك
Authors: A. L. Mohamed Khalil Bishara  , A. P. Dr. Hussein Walid Hussein
Published: August 2024

يهدف البحث الى تحليل الدور الوسيط الذي يمارسه التوريد الخارجي للموارد البشرية بين نمذجة السلوك وتعزيز راس المال الوظيفي، باعتبار ان المورد البشري هو المصدر الرئيس للمعرفة، لذا يتوجب السيطرة على سلوكياته والتحكم بها وبشكل خاص الايجابية منها، فضلاً عن تحويل العديد من وظائفه الرئيسة للجهات ذات الكفاءة في تنفيذها، وقد عكست مشكلة البحث انخفاض الادراك المعرفي لدى المنظمة المبحوثة بأهمية العلاقة بين هذه المتغيرات، كما تمثلت اهمية البحث في الاسهام بتقديم المعالجات لمعالجة القصور النظري والتطبيقي المتعلق بالمتغيرات المبحوثة، اما اهداف البحث فتتمثل بالتعرف على واقع المتغيرات المبحوثة وطبيعة العلاقات بينها داخل المنظمة المبحوثة. وقد اعتمد الباحثان المنهج الوصفي لتنفيذ بحثهما، اذ صمما الاستبانة وفقاً لعدد من المعايير والمؤشرات الجاهزة، والتي تم توزيعها على عينة من العاملين في الجامعة الاسلامية الاهلية البالغ عددهم (93) فرداً، وبعد معالجة البيانات باستخدام بعض الادوات الاحصائية المتاحة في برامج (SPSS-V21) تم الخروج بسلسلة من النتائج، اكدت صحة الفرضيات الثمانية التي انطلق منها البحث، والتي عكست علاقات الترابط والتأثير بين المتغيرات المبحوثة، لذا اوصى البحث بضرورة الاطلاع على التجارب الناجحة في الدول المتقدمة، ومحاولة توظيف نتائجها وتكييفها لتلائم البيئة العراقية، ومن ثم النهوض بمستويات الاداء الخاصة بها.
Comparison of physical fitness level among different competition categories in women's basketball: A systematic review
Authors: Vretaros Adriano
Published: August 2024

Acquiring good levels of physical fitness in women's basketball is crucial for success in this complex sport. Thus, the objective of the research is to compare the level of physical fitness in women's basketball between different competitive categories through a systematic review. For this purpose, four databases were consulted (Google Scholar, PubMed, Scielo and LILACS) in Portuguese, Spanish and/or English, in which 32 primary scientific articles were found on physical fitness in women's basketball in the competitive categories and 51 manuscripts complementary secondary about the theme. Physical fitness indicators are divided into anthropometric, metabolic and neuromuscular. Each indicator has a series of variables whose sum will allow us to understand the athlete's actual physical fitness status. The physical training of female players follows the same guidelines as male athletes, but three aspects deserve attention when prescribing programs: menstrual cycle, eating disorders and bone mineral loss. In addition, cardiovascular and neuromuscular characteristics distinguish genders and interfere with physical fitness gains. In general results, professional basketball players presented better averages in the group of indicators (63.1%), followed by formative (21.0%), college (10.5%) and semi-professional (5.26%) players. Finally, it was evident that as female players progress in chronological age, they mature biologically and acquire training support, advancing between the competitive categories. In this way, your physical fitness comes to denote improvement. However, there is a large individual biological variability that impacts the average numbers between the indicators.
Shot mechanical analysis according to shooting performance in youth basketball players
Authors: Pamuk Ömer , Kılınç Fatih
Published: August 2024

In basketball, shooting stands out as a vital technique directly affecting the game results. Identifying shooting mechanics early in a basketball player's career can significantly develop shooting performance in subsequent years. This study aimed to explore shooting percentages based on angular positions of joint parts in the shooting techniques of youth basketball players. Fifteen male participants (average age: 14.1±0.7 years, height: 180.7±7.9 cm, body weight: 65.4±10.0 kg, sports experience: 4.7±0.4 years) voluntarily participated in the study. They were divided into high shooting rate (n: 7) and low shooting rate (n: 8) groups. Both groups attempted 60 shots from the free throw line (20 shots), right forward position (20 shots), and left forward position (20 shots). Joint angle values during the initial and final shooting phases were compared between groups using Independent t-tests. Significant differences were found between groups in the shoulder part during the beginning phase and the wrist part during the final shooting phase (p
A Multicultural Approach in Islamic Education Learning to Strengthen the Islamic Identity of Moderate Students in PTKIN Aceh
Authors: Idris Tasnim , Rijal Fakhrul , Irwandi  , Hanum Rafidhah , Mardhiah Ainal
Published: August 2024

This research project investigates the challenges of religious tolerance and radicalism in Indonesia, focusing on university students and the context of conservative shifts. This study examines the approach the State Islamic University (UIN) in Aceh utilized to advance a moderate interpretation of Islam, integrating multicultural-based Islamic Religious Education. The study employs a qualitative methodology, including in-depth interviews and participatory observation. The findings illustrate that UIN Aceh has adapted its curriculum to integrate multicultural values to foster religious tolerance among students. The influence of lecturers who espouse moderate attitudes and the active engagement of students in activities that promote diversity have been demonstrated to be effective in reducing radical tendencies. The research underscores the necessity of continuously assessing the strategy's effectiveness and emphasizes the importance of multicultural-based learning in fostering students' appreciation of diverse perspectives. Ultimately, this multicultural approach is expected to shape individuals who are morally upright, tolerant, and capable of collaboration in a diverse society. The study's outcomes offer valuable insights for other educational institutions in devising strategies to encourage tolerance and curb student radicalism.
BURN WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF ECENG GONDOK (Eichornia crassipes) LEAVES
Authors: Ramadhani Juwita , Fadillah Aris , Hasniah Hasniah , Erlianti Karina
Published: August 2024

Eceng gondok is a weed plant that lives in shallow water areas. The aim of this research was to determine the burn wound healing activity of an ethanol extract of Eceng gondok leaves. The study utilized 28 male mice with burn injuries as test animals, dividing them into 4 groups. We gave a gel containing an ethanol extract to the 10% group. The 0% group received a gel base; the positive control group received Bioplacenton® gel; and the negative control group received no treatment. For 14 days, we administered treatment to all treatment and control groups once a day and measured the burn wound's diameter using the Morton method every two days. Data shown were significant differences between the 10% extract group and the positive control groups. The concentration that is effective in burn wound healing is 10%, with the smallest wound diameter and the largest healing percentage.
Педагогічні умови формування професійних компетентностей майбутніх учителів історії
Authors: Коняхін Юрій
Published: August 2024

The article elucidates the author's pedagogical conditions for fostering professional competencies in prospective history teachers. These conditions encompass the cultivation of creative thinking and the establishment of a digital educational environment within higher education institutions. The study substantiates that the effective enhancement of creative thinking transpires through the resolution of complex pedagogical problems, tasks, and scenarios, thereby underscoring the significance of problem-based learning as a pivotal methodology for addressing creative challenges. Concerning the establishment of a digital educational environment in higher education as a requisite for the proficient development of future history teachers' professional competencies, the article posits the digitalization of higher education as a critical mandate for educational reform and a key facet of information society advancement. The article also outlines major trends in the digital evolution of education, including the advancement of mobile-oriented tools, artificial intelligence, and neural networks; the implementation of machine learning, blockchain, and cryptocurrencies; the adoption of virtualization and fog computing technologies; the progression of virtual reality; and the integration of virtual assistants and chatbots.
Материнське ставлення як чинник афективної поведінки дитини
Authors: Ліхіцька Лариса , Старовойт Леся
Published: August 2024

The article reveals the peculiarities of the mother's attitude towards the child, which becomes the main factor in the latter's affective behavior. Maternal attitude is a complex, systemically structured quality of maternal behavior that is the result of several interrelated motivations. The most important of them is the system of the mother's preconceptions and her values, particularly regarding the child. The child is seen as self-worth and the attitude towards it is important in the hierarchy of motivational relationships, such as professional, prestigious, etc.
Treatment of ventral neurenteric cyst at the cervicothoracic junction with the anterior approach in a pediatric patient: illustrative case
Authors: Ricciardelli Ashley , Tantry Evelyne K , Flores Alex , McGinnis John , Bauer David F
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Neurenteric cysts are rare congenital lesions from heterotopic endodermal tissue, often presenting with radiculopathy or myelopathy in young adults. Gross-total resection is curative; however, the surgical approach remains widely debated for cervicothoracic cases. While the posterior approach is common, the anterior approach has had success in adults. The authors present the first pediatric case of anterior corpectomy with gross-total resection of a cervicothoracic neurenteric cyst alongside an extensive literature review.

OBSERVATIONS

A 10-year-old male, who had undergone a previous cyst resection via a posterior approach at an outside institution, presented with back pain, paraplegia, and urinary incontinence. Magnetic resonance imaging of the spine revealed a ventral hyperintense cyst at C7–T1 consistent with a neurenteric cyst. An anterior approach involving C7 and T1 corpectomies was performed, including intradural exploration leading to complete cyst resection. This was followed by the placement of an expandable cage and anterior and posterior fixation with arthrodesis for stabilization. The patient’s symptoms completely resolved after surgery, and there has been no recurrence.

LESSONS

The anterior approach is a viable option for cervicothoracic neurenteric cyst resection in the pediatric population and can aid in gross-total resection by providing better lesion visualization. More studies are needed on long-term outcomes of the anterior approach in pediatric populations.

https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24120
Pediatric atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor in the cauda equina with rapid tumor progression: illustrative case
Authors: Tsuchiya Takahiro , Ohno Makoto , Watanabe Yuko , Fujita Shohei , Miyazaki Bunpei , Sugino Hirokazu , Igaki Hiroshi , Yoshida Akihiko , Takahashi Masamichi , Yanagisawa Shunsuke , Osawa Sho , Ogawa Chitose , Narita Yoshitaka
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) is an uncommon malignant neoplasm and rarely occurs in the spinal space, especially in the cauda equina. Only 8 cases of pediatric AT/RT of the cauda equina have been reported. Therefore, its clinical behavior and optimal treatment remain unclear.

OBSERVATIONS

The authors describe the case of a 9-year-old boy who presented with progressive back and left leg pain. Initial magnetic resonance imaging showed an intradural extramedullary lesion at the L3–4 level, which progressed rapidly to the L2–5 level within a month. He underwent partial resection of the tumor with an L2–5 laminectomy. The histopathological diagnosis was AT/RT. He received adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and his gait disturbance improved postoperatively. At 6 months’ follow-up, disease recurrence was not observed.

LESSONS

Although extremely rare, AT/RT should be included in the differential diagnosis for prompt therapeutic intervention. Safe resection with minimal functional impairment, followed by postoperative chemoradiation, can lead to tumor control and improve neurological function.

https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24219
Collision of pituitary neuroendocrine tumor and anterior clinoid meningioma treated with a two-stage minimally invasive surgical strategy: illustrative case
Authors: Inoue Shintaro , Hasegawa Hirotaka , Koizumi Satoshi , Umekawa Motoyuki , Shono Naoyuki , Kondo Kenji , Saito Nobuhito
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

The locations of pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (PitNET) and anterior clinoid meningioma (ACM) appear to be very close but essentially different, as the former is inside the sella turcica while the latter is in the intradural space. A collision tumor thus requires a specific treatment strategy but has been rarely reported.

OBSERVATIONS

A 77-year-old woman presented with progressive visual impairment due to significant compression of the optic apparatus by a collision of PitNET and ACM. With a minimally invasive two-stage therapeutic strategy, the ACM was first resected using an endoscopic mini-pterional approach, then the PitNET was removed with an endoscopic transnasal approach 8 weeks later, leading to significant improvement in visual function. The authors’ literature search identified only 2 documented cases of a similar collision.

LESSONS

This case underscores the complexity of the decision-making process in the management of collision tumors and suggests the potential benefit of staged minimally invasive surgical interventions in preserving visual function. Further accumulation of cases is warranted for refining the treatment strategy.

https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24240
Rapid postradiation malignant transformation of a pilocytic astrocytoma in an adult with neurofibromatosis type 1: illustrative case
Authors: Gupta Rohan V , Welch Jonathan C , Kaul Anand , Prayson Richard A , Rong Yuan , Almefty Rami O
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma (JPA) is the most common primary brain tumor of childhood and is rarely seen in adults. Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), a common tumor predisposition syndrome, demonstrates a strong association with low-grade gliomas, most notably pilocytic astrocytoma, which are relatively indolent. Unlike its juvenile counterpart, reports of adult pilocytic astrocytoma (APA) vary widely in terms of disease progression from benign to much more malignant courses. Moreover, current studies discussing APA report different treatment approaches and outcomes (e.g., malignant transformation of JPA and APA with or without radiation), as little is known regarding the management of recurrent tumors and how adjuvant therapies may alter disease progression.

OBSERVATIONS

The authors report the unique case of an adult male with NF1 and APA who underwent rapid malignant conversion after intensity-modulated radiation therapy.

LESSONS

The authors demonstrate that caution should be taken in utilizing radiotherapy instead of resection in cases of APA and NF1, with close monitoring for posttreatment recurrence.

https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24241
Die Metaphorik der verbonominalen Kollokationen in der deutschen und kroatischen
allgemeinwissenschaftlichen Sprache
Authors: Šnjarić Mirjana
Published: August 2024

Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, Probleme aufzuzeigen, die sich auf der Ebene des lexikalischen Textmusterwissens verorten lassen und einen wichtigen Teil der wissenschaftssprachlichen Textkompetenz darstellen. Diese entstehen vor allem auf dem Gebiet der Verb-Nomen-Kollokationen, deren Raum- und Bewegungsmetaphorik vor allem durch den interlingualen Vergleich mit anderen Wissenschaftssprachen augenfällig wird, vgl. z. B. dem Ansatz folgen, 'primijeniti pristup', ein Argument heranziehen 'upotrijebiti argument', Unterschiede herausstellen 'istaknuti razlike'. Dabei sind insbesondere für die kroatischen Muttersprachler und Muttersprachlerinnen, die studienbegleitend Deutsch als Fremdsprache lernen und eine Vertiefung allgemeinwissenschaftlicher verbonominaler Kollokationskenntnisse anstreben, zweisprachige Wörterbücher als Unterstützung und Hilfsmittel im studentischen, universitären Alltag notwendig. Deshalb ist es ein Anliegen dieses Beitrags, die Erfassung der allgemeinwissenschaftlichen verbonominalen Kollokationen in dem zweisprachigen Wörterbuch für das Sprachenpaar Deutsch-Kroatisch zu überprüfen und schlussfolgernd auf die Relevanz der kontrastiven Beschreibung unterschiedlicher Konzeptualisierungen vom wissenschaftlichen Schreiben hinzuweisen.