bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Mixed Clustering Approach for Real Time Anomaly Detection
Authors: Mazarbhuiya Fokrul Alom , Shenify Mohamed
Published: March 2023

Anomaly Detection in real time data is accepted as a vital research area. Clustering has effectively been tried for this purpose. As the datasets are real time, the time of generating of the data is also important. In this article, we introduce a mixture of partitioning and agglomerative hierarchical approach to detect anomalies from such datasets. It is a two-phase method which follows partitioning approach first and then agglomerative hierarchical approach. The dataset can have mixed attributes. In phase-1, a unified metric defined on mixed attributes is used. The same is also used for merging of similar clusters in phase-2. Also, we have kept the track of time attribute of each data instance which produces the clusters with their lifetimes in phase-1. Then in phase-2, we merge the similar clusters. While merging, the similar clusters, the lifetimes of the corresponding clusters with overlapping cores are to be superimposed producing fuzzy time intervals. This way, each cluster will have an associated fuzzy lifetime. The data instances either belonging sparse clusters or not belonging to any of the clusters can be treated as anomalies. The efficacy of the algorithms can be established using both complexity analysis as well as experimental studies.
Treatment of Enterococcus faecalis Infective Endocarditis: A Continuing Challenge
Authors: Herrero-Hidalgo Laura , Fernández-Rubio Beatriz , Luque-Márquez Rafael , López-Cortes Luis E , Gil-Navarro María Victoria , De Alarcón Arístides
Published: March 2023

Today, enterococci (mainly Enterococcus faecalis) are one of the main causes of infective endocarditis in the world, generally affecting an elderly and fragile population, with a high mortality rate. enterococci are intrinsically resistant to many commonly used antimicrobial agents. All enterococci exhibit decreased susceptibility to penicillin and ampicillin, as well as high-level resistance to most cephalosporins and all semi-synthetic penicillins, as the result of expression of low-affinity penicillin-binding proteins, that precludes an unacceptable number of therapeutic failures with monotherapy with these drugs. For years, the synergistic combination of penicillins and aminoglycosides was the cornerstone of treatment, but the emergence of strains with high resistance to aminoglycosides led to the search for new alternatives, such as dual beta-lactam therapy. The development of multi-drug resistant strains of Enterococcus faecium is a matter of considerable concern due to its probable spread to E. faecalis and have forced the search of new alternatives with the combination of daptomycin, fosfomycin or tigecycline. Some of them have scarce clinical experience and others are still under investigation and will be analyzed in this review. In addition, the need for prolonged treatment (6-8 weeks) to avoid relapses has led to the consideration of viable options such as outpatient parenteral therapies or long-acting administrations with the new lipoglycopeptides (dalbavancin or oritavancin), and sequential oral treatments, which will also be discussed.
Employee Well-being in the Perspective of Positive Psychology and of the Job Demands-Resources Theory. The Role of Trust Within the Organization
Authors: Czerw Agnieszka , Grabowski Damian , Chudzicka-Czupała Agata , Stapor Katarzyna , Żywiołek-Szeja Marta
Published: March 2023

A The aim of this article is to present the results of studies investigating the relationship between trust in supervisor and in co-workers and trust in the organization as an institution on the one hand, and employee well-being on the other hand. The presented research project was carried out from the perspective of building a positive organization with employee well-being as one of the major goals. The research covered 1,113 individuals, employed with various organizations across Poland. The sample consisted of 48% women and 52% men. Trust was measured using the Trust in Supervisor Scale, Affect- and Cognition-Based Trust, concerning trust in co-workers, and the original Trust in the Workplace Questionnaire. The Eudemonic Well-Being in the Workplace Questionnaire was used to measure well-being. Canonical correlation analysis was used to assess simultaneous associations between sets of measured variables. The results prove that trust, including trust in co-workers, in supervisor and in the organization as an institution, promotes employee well-being in all its dimensions.
Application of Active Disturbance Rejection in a Bearingless Machine with Split Winding
Authors: Teixeira Rodrigo de Andrade , Silva Werbet Luiz Almeida da , Amaral Adson Emanuel Santos , Rodrigues Walter Martins , Salazar Andres Ortiz , Villarreal Elmer Rolando Llanos
Published: March 2023

This paper has the objective of implementing the radial rotor position control of a three-phase bearingless induction machine with split winding and optimized drive structure, using the ADRC technique. Because it is a multivariable, nonlinear, time-varying system with coupled variables, it is necessary to use advanced control strategies in order for the system to operate efficiently and with good dynamic performance. The ADRC controller considers the total disturbance composed of unmodeled dynamics, nonlinearities, uncertainties, and load variations, as a new system state, to be estimated in real-time through an extended state observer. In this mode, disturbances are compensated in real-time, eliminating regime errors and with good response to disturbances in general.
BOTTOMHOLE FORMATION ZONE RESTORATION MECHANISMS AND METHODS
Authors: Zezekalo Ivan , Bukhkalo Svetlana , Ivanytska Iryna , Aheicheva Oleksandra
Published: March 2023

The importance of the choice of well exploitation methods is analyzed. Mechanical methods applicable in carbonate reservoirs are discussed. To maintain the efficiency of field development, it is important to maintain the productivity of wells at the planned level throughout the entire production period by increasing their productivity. Productivity increase, skin effect reduction is achieved with the help of acid treatment, the main principle of which is rock dissolution to form a man-made network of microchannels in the bottomhole formation zone, which allows maintaining the recovery rate at the planned level for a long period of time. Forecasting the flow rate of wells in fields with reserves of high-viscosity oil is one of the most difficult tasks in the development of oil fields. Acid treatments quality increasing through new working agent’s usage and improving the technology analysis is performed. Acidizing a reservoir is inherently dual in nature in terms of the desired effect: while in some conditions it has a positive effect, in other conditions it may not be applicable at all.
TRANSHUMANIST FUTURE OF THE INFORMATION SOCIETY: PRESERVATION OF HUMAN NATURE AND SPIRITUALITY
Authors: Kipenskyi Andrii
Published: March 2023

The article examines the prospects of human existence in the society of the future based on certain trends of its development in the modern digital society. Based on the analysis of literary sources of information, it has been concluded that the modern information society transforms a person into a certain type of machine for processing information, since he loses the meaning of his being, ceases to be a spiritual being. It is shown that the greatest threat to the possible reconstruction of human nature is modern medical science, which will be able to turn a person into a cyborg in the future. The possibility of influencing the human brain by physical factors in order to obtain the desired properties is considered.
PERSONAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE CONDITIONS OF TRANSFORMATION TO A PLANETARY-SPACE CIVILIZATION
Authors: Mishchenko Viktor
Published: March 2023

The author considered the causes of the processes of de-intellectualization of society associated with the influence of man-made civilization, mass consumption society, and information society. Considering the importance of intellectualization of the individual, attention is paid to the fact that the term itself is used functionally, as the ability to use the intellect in certain situations, and not as the inner core of the spiritual image of the individual. Such consideration of intellectuality is substantiated in connection with the need for the functioning of modern post-classical science, as well as the study of large, complexly organized systems capable of self-organization. In order to formalize

the concept of intellectualization, the structural elements (noosphericity, analyticity, intelligibility, creativity, heuristics, civility, intelligence, independent thinking, positive, life-affirming character), features of the manifestation of intellectuality in various spheres of personal activity, levels of intellectual development were considered. It has been proven that the need to achieve higher levels of intellectuality (evolutionary, global creative, spiritual) is connected with the need to survive the civilization at the stage of transformation to the planetary-cosmic one, use the resources of the technotronic society, and create intellectual and moral spirituality.
PUBLIC INITIATIVES AND PUBLIC HEARINGS IN UKRAINE AT THE CURRENT STAGE
Authors: Semko Mykhailo
Published: March 2023

One of the key and most common tools for interaction between government and citizens is public initiatives and hearings. The author emphasizes that the latest democratic tendencies of local governance play a huge role in solving problems of local significance and determining the vectors of local development. The article analyzes the problems of cooperation of public authorities with various non-governmental organizations of civil society and identifies ways and directions of its activation.

The authors note that public hearings are one of the mechanisms for reconciling the interests of different groups, showing an interest in solving a particular problem of public interest. In many democracies of the world, public hearings are a particular form of community involvement in the legislative decision-making process required by law. Public hearings are a very common mechanism of democracy at the local level in most democratic countries - it is a dialogue between the local government and the community itself. The study focuses on the role of civil society in the formation of new principles of cooperation between public authorities and civil society.

Creating conditions for socio-political dialogue of all groups and sectors of society that have different interests, comprehensive support for the idea of civil peace should be the basis for further development of Ukrainian statehood, development of an extensive system of interaction with civil society and various non-governmental organizations. In the context of effective involvement of citizens in the policy implementation process, the activity of public initiatives and public hearings is of key importance.
Bone Transport Treatment of Osteomyelitis Due to Thermal Osteonecrosis After IM Nailing of Tibial Stress Fracture Nonunion
Authors: Hawayek Bradley , Christman Ian , Dyskin Evgeny
Published: March 2023

Case:

We present a case of a female athlete who sustained a nonunion of a tibial stress fracture and was treated with intramedullary nailing (IMN). The patient developed osteomyelitis likely secondary to a thermal osteonecrosis during the index procedure and required resection of the necrotic tibia and bone transport using the Ilizarov technique.

Conclusions:

The authors believe that all actions should be taken to avoid thermal osteonecrosis during reaming for tibial IMN, especially in patients with a small medullary canal. We believe that bone transport with the Ilizarov technique is an effective treatment method for patients who develop tibial osteomyelitis after treatment of tibial shaft fractures.
Sports Medicine Roundtable: Trends in 2022
Authors: Hazzard Sean , Sakryd Gary , Collins Larry , Randolph Travis , Cloutier Dagan
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the JOPA Roundtable discussion is to give orthopaedic physician assistants an insight on how each participating editorial board member treats certain clinical scenarios in their current practice. For this Sports Medicine Roundtable, editorial board members with expertise in sports medicine will discuss sport trends in 2022. Topics discussed will include lateral extra-articular tenodesis with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, return to play protocols after anterior cruciate reconstruction and Bankart repair, superior labral anterior-posterior repair vs. biceps tenodesis, orthobiologics for knee osteoarthritis, and point of care ultrasound for the diagnosis of musculoskeletal conditions.
Trends in Physical and Mental Health, Mortality, Life Expectancy, and Social Inequalities Among American Indians and Alaska Natives, 1990-2019
Authors: Singh Gopal , Williams Shanita , Lee Hyunjung , Martin Elijah , Allender Michelle , Ramey Christine
Published: March 2023

Objective: To address the continuing gap in data and research on health and socioeconomic inequities characterizing Native Americans in the United States, this study examines major health and social inequality trends for the American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) populations covering several broad areas, including infant and child health, life expectancy and leading causes of death, physical and mental health, chronic disease prevalence, disability, health-risk behaviors, and health care access and quality. Methods: We used trend data from the 1990-2019 National Vital Statistics System, 2014-2018 National Health Interview Survey, and 2014-2018 American Community Survey to examine health, health care, mortality, and disease patterns for AIANs in relation to other racial/ethnic groups and the general population. Life tables, age-adjusted rates, risk ratios, and logistic regression were used to examine health inequalities. Results: In 2019, life expectancy of AIANs was 76.9 years, 11.3 years shorter than that for Asian/Pacific Islanders. The infant mortality rate for AIANs was 8.7 per 1,000 live births, 79% higher than the rate for non-Hispanic Whites. Risks of infant mortality from birth defects, low birthweight/prematurity, maternal complications, SIDS, and unintentional injury were significantly greater among AIANs compared with non Hispanic Whites. Excess mortality among AIANs, particularly in rural areas, was found for working ages, diabetes, liver cirrhosis, alcohol-related causes, youth suicide, and unintentional injuries. About 18% of AIANs assessed their overall health as fair or poor, at twice the rate of non-Hispanic Whites or the general population. About 10% of AIAN adults experienced serious psychological distress, 2-to-5 times higher than the prevalence for other racial/ethnic groups. AIANs had the highest overall disability, mental and ambulatory disability, health uninsurance, unemployment, and poverty rates in the US, with differences in these indicators varying markedly across the AIAN tribes. Conclusion and Implications for Translation: AIANs remain a disadvantaged segment of the US population in a number of key health indicators and in socioeconomic and living conditions, with poverty rates in some tribal groups approaching or exceeding 40%.
Experimental Modeling of the Interaction between Garnets of Mantle Parageneses and CO2 Fluid at 6.3 GPa and 950–1550 °C
Authors: Novoselov I.D. , Palyanov Yu.N. , Bataleva Yu.V.
Published: March 2023

—Experimental modeling of the interaction of eclogitic and lherzolitic garnets with CO2 fluid was carried out on a multianvil high-pressure apparatus of the “split-sphere” type (BARS) in platinum ampoules with inner graphite capsules, using a buffered high-pressure cell with a hematite container, at a pressure of 6.3 GPa and in the temperature range 950–1550 °C. It has been established that the main interaction processes at 6.3 GPa and 950–1250 °C are partial dissolution, recrystallization, and carbonation of garnet which lead to the formation of magnesian carbonate, kyanite, and coesite, a decrease in Mg contents in the recrystallized garnet, and the formation of carbonate, silicate, and oxide inclusions in it. Under these conditions, crystallization of metastable graphite and growth of diamond on the seed at ≥1250 °C were observed. In the temperature range 1350–1550 °C, the garnet underwent partial dissolution and recrystallization in CO2 fluid; no carbonation took place. These processes were accompanied by a decrease in the portion of the grossular component in the garnet and by the enrichment of the fluid phase with calcium. We have established the indicative characteristics of garnet that interacted with CO2 fluid: zoning, with low contents of CaO and MgO in the rims of crystals relative to the cores, and the presence of carbonate, kyanite, coesite, and CO2 inclusions. The compositions of the produced garnet and carbonates are consistent with the data on these minerals in mantle peridotite and eclogite parageneses and in inclusions in diamonds, which suggests a significant role of metasomatism with the participation of CO2 fluid in the evolution of deep-seated rocks and in the diamond formation. In this experimental research, we have first studied the processes of diamond crystallization and determined the boundary conditions for diamond growth in the system silicate–carbonate–CO2, which simulates natural diamond formation media. In general, the established regularities can be regarded as potential indicators of mantle metasomatism and mineral formation with the participation of CO2 fluid.
Price Interventions as a Part of Living Income Strategies: Lessons learned from piloting a price premium mechanism for basmati rice farmers in Pakistan
Authors: Alestig Mira
Published: March 2023

Small-scale farmers produce many globally important products such as rice, cocoa, cotton and vanilla. Poverty is widespread among these farmers, and there is an urgent need to increase their incomes. A living income – what a household needs to afford a decent standard of living for all its members – is a human right. It is increasingly recognized that paying a living income is the responsibility of businesses. Pricing is a vital part part of this, but raising the prices paid to farmers can be complicated, and many companies still treat it with scepticism. This paper presents lessons learned from the piloting of a novel price premium mechanism in Pakistan. The goal of the price intervention, which targeted basmati rice farmers in Punjab province, was to make a meaningful contribution to the incomes of the most vulnerable small-scale farmers, while at the same time identifying appropriate mechanisms to minimize costs to retailers and/or consumers. The pilot indicates that price, in combination with other complementary measures, can effectively contribute to closing the income gap for even the most vulnerable small-scale farmers, but that any mechanism to raise prices must be designed carefully. The intervention was part of the wider GRAISEA programme, which supports farmers and food producers in South-East Asia.
Real Time Automatic Structuring the Chinese Ultrasound Report of Covid'19 Diseases via Natural Language Processing
Authors: K Logu , Thangaraj Justin
Published: March 2023

The Covid’19 pandemic system affects the human life in worldwide and present artificial intelligent (AI) technology to save human lives and reduce the virus spread. Covid’19 virus affected large number of humans. So doctors and caretakers are not able to maintain the social distance to patients. In this paper, our proposed work is a automatic ultra sound imaging for detecting the lungs to find the covid-19 lung injury to compare monitoring modalities like radiographic or auscultation imaging, In “ultra sound” technology provides high diagnostic accuracy. In depth of data and color control using Multinomial Tactic Regression (MTR) algorithm for better performance a automatic lung image extraction using Convolutional Structural Network (CSN) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) technique are easily detect and improve performance for lung sound image noise reduction comparison an deep learning algorithm annotation process for ultra sound images is a complex and time consuming task, but NLP can increase its efficiency and speed.
Emotional Intelligence Weakly Predicts Academic Success in Medical Programs: A Multilevel Meta-Analysis
Authors: Alabbasi Ahmed Abdulla , Alabbasi Fatema A. , AlSaleh Aseel , Alansari Ahmed M. , Sequeira Reginald P.
Published: March 2023

Background:Emotional intelligence (EI) is a predictor of academic success in undergraduate Doctor of Medicine (MD) programs. However, although some research suggests a positive association between EI and academic success in MD programs, others report no such association or a negative correlation between these two variables. The current study aimed to resolve these contradictory findings by synthesizing research published between 2005 to 2022 period.Methods:Data were analyzed using a multilevel modeling approach to (a) estimate the overall relationship between EI and academic success in MD programs and (b) determine whether the mean effect size varies by country (United States vs. non-United States countries), age, EI test, EI task nature (ability-based vs. trait-based), EI subscales, and academic performance criteria (grade point average vs. test score).Results:Findings from 20 studies (m= 105;N= 4,227) indicated that, overall, there is a positive correlation between EI and academic success (r= .13, 95% CI [.08, – .27],p< .01). Moderator analyses revealed that the mean effect size significantly varied by EI tests and EI subscales. Moreover, three-level multiple regression analyses showed that between-studies variance explained 29.5% of the variability in the mean effect size, while within -studies variance explained 33.5% of the variability in the mean effect.Conclusions:Emotional intelligence is significantly, albeit weakly, related to academic success in MD programs. It is important to integrate EI-related skills into the MD curriculum or target EI competency through professional development training programs.
Design and Validate a Dual-Modality Characteristic Information Fusion System Based on Probabilistic Graphical Models
Authors: Xia Xunpeng , Zhang Rongfu , Yao Xufeng , Huang Gang , Tang Tiequn
Published: March 2023

Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography(PET/CT) imaging could obtain functional metabolic feature information and anatomical localization information of the patient body. However, tumor segmentation in PET/CT images is significantly challenging for fusing of dual-modality characteristic information. In this work, we have proposed a novel deep learning-based graph model network which can automatically fuse dual-modality information for tumor area segmentation. Our method rationally utilizes the advantage of each imaging modality(PET: the superior contrast, CT: the superior spatial resolution). We formulate this task as a Conditional Random Field(CRF) based on multi-scale fusion and dual-modality co-segmentation of object image with a normalization term which balances the segmentation divergence between PET and CT. This mechanism considers that the spatial varying characteristics acquire different scales, which encode various feature information over different modalities. The ability of our method was evaluated to detect and segment tumor regions with different fusion approaches using a dataset of PET/CT clinical tumor images. The results illustrated that our method effectively integrates both PET and CT modalities information, deriving segmentation accuracy result of 0.86 in DSC and the sensitivity of 0.83, which is 3.61\% improvement compared to the W-Net.
Fault Location of Distribution Network Based on the Quantum Ant Colony Algorithm
Authors: Bi Zhongqin , Yu Xiaowan , Wang Bonan , Zhang Weina , Liu Zhe , Zhang Dan
Published: March 2023

With the continuous expansion of the distribution network and the access of distributed generation, the problem of distribution networks with distributed generation (DG) fault location has become complex and difficult to solve. In order to locate faults accurately and quickly, in this paper, the quantum ant algorithm is applied to solve this problem for the first time. Firstly, we establish a reasonable mathematical model. To greatly avoid the adverse effects of information loss, we propose an information self-correction method. Secondly, a hierarchical positioning model is proposed to shorten the positioning time. Then considering the requirements of quickness and accuracy for fault location, the algorithm is improved. We update the quantum rotation gate mechanism and dynamically adjust the rotation angle. In addition, we add the mutation mechanism to expand the population diversity. Finally, the effectiveness and performance of the improved quantum ant colony algorithm are reflected by comparing with other algorithms. Simulation results demonstrate that the improved quantum ant colony algorithm has substantial global optimization ability, high fault location accuracy and fault tolerance in different cases, and the hierarchical positioning model can shorten the algorithm location time.
A novel detection method for neohesperidin dihydrochalcone (NHDC) based on ZIF-8/ErGO composite modified electrode in milk
Authors: Zhang Liang , Xu Junhui , Qian Jing , Wang Yazhen
Published: March 2023

Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone (NHDC), as a high-intensity sweetener, has been widely used to be a new food additive in recent years. In this study, zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF)-8/electrochemical reduced graphene oxide (ErGO) composite materials were favorably constructed onto the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by two simple steps without any dispersant, and a ZIF-8/ErGO modified GCE for an electrochemical sensing of NHDC was developed. The morphology and its structure of the composite materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The electrochemical behavior of NHDC at different modified electrodes and its redox processes was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV). Under the optimized conditions, the linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) method was used to detect NHDC. The linear relationship between oxidation peak current of NHDC and its concentration is ranged from 80 nM to 80 μM and the detection limit is calculated to be 31.5 nM (based on S/N=3). The selectivity and reproducibility of the modified electrode were evaluated. Finally, the modified electrode was used to detect NHDC in milk samples with a recovery rate of 98.3%~106.3%, which implied its feasibility for the determination of NHDC in actual samples.
Automating Ground Truth Annotations For Gland Segmentation Through Immunohistochemistry
Authors: Kataria Tushar , Rajamani Saradha , Ayubi Abdul Bari , Bronner Mary , Jedrzkiewicz Jolanta , Knudsen Beatrice , Elhabian Shireen
Published: March 2023

The microscopic evaluation of glands in the colon is of utmost importance in the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) and cancer. When properly trained, deep learning pipelines can provide a systematic, reproducible, and quantitativeassessment ofdisease-related changes in glandular tissue architecture. The training and testing of deep learning modelsrequire large amounts of manual annotations, which are difficult, time-consuming, and expensive to obtain. Here, we propose amethod for the automated generation of ground truth in digital H&E slides using immunohistochemistry (IHC) labels. The imageprocessing pipeline generates annotations of glands in H&E histopathology images from colon biopsies by transfer of gland masks from CK8/18, CDX2, or EpCAM IHC. The IHC gland outlines are transferred to co-registered H&E images for the trainingof deep learning models. We compare the performance of the deep learning models to manual annotations using an internalheld-out set of biopsies as well as two public data sets. Our results show that EpCAM IHC provides gland outlines that closelymatch manual gland annotations (DICE = 0.89) and are robust to damage by inflammation. In addition, we propose a simpledata sampling technique that allows models trained on data from several sources to be adapted to a new data source using justa few newly annotated samples. The best-performing models achieved average DICE scores of 0.902 and 0.89, respectively,on GLAS and CRAG colon cancer public datasets when trained with only 10% of annotated cases from either public cohort.Altogether, the performances of our models indicate that automated annotations using cell type-specific IHC markers can safelyreplace manual annotations. The automated IHC labels from single institution cohorts can be combined with small numbers ofhand-annotated cases from multi-institutional cohorts to train models that generalize well to diverse data sources
Risk of cardiovascular disease in lean patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Ishido Shun , Tamaki Nobuharu , Takahashi Yuka , Uchihara Naoki , Suzuki Keito , Tanaka Yuki , Miyamoto Haruka , Yamada Michiko , Matsumoto Hiroaki , Nobusawa Tsubasa , Keitoku Taisei , Takaura Kenta , Tanaka Shohei , Maeyashiki Chiaki , Yasui Yutaka , Tsuchiya Kaoru , Nakanishi Hiroyuki , Kurosaki Masayuki , Izumi Namiki
Published: March 2023

Background:Patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are highly at risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the risk of developing CVD in patients with lean NAFLD is not yet fully understood. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the CVD incidence in Japanese patients with lean NAFLD and those with non-lean NAFLD.
Methods: A total of 581 patients with NAFLD (219 with lean and 362 with non-lean NAFLD) were recruited. All patients underwent annual health checkups for at least 3 years, and CVD incidence was investigated during follow-up. The primary end-point was CVD incidence at 3 years.
Results: The 3-year new CVD incidence rates in patients with lean and non-lean NAFLD were 2.3% and 3.9%, respectively, and there was no significant difference between two groups (p = 0.3). Multivariable analysis adjusted for age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, and lean NAFLD/non-lean NAFLD revealed that age (every 10 years) as an independent factor associated with CVD incidence with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.0 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.3–3.2), whereas lean NAFLD was not associated with CVD incidence (OR: 0.6; 95% CI: 0.2–1.6).
Conclusions: CVD incidence was comparable between patients with lean NAFLD and those with non-lean NAFLD. Therefore, CVD prevention is needed even in patients with lean NAFLD.
Exploring the potential use of natural polymers to enhance the performance of MXene/MOF-5 nanocarrier in loading and co-loading of doxorubicin and curcumin
Authors: Bina Ali , Raissi Heidar , Zaboli Ameneh
Published: March 2023

The adsorption of the two anti-cancer drugs doxorubicin (Dox) and curcumin (Cur) and also the simultaneous loading of both drugs on the surface of the innovative inorganic nanostructure MXene/MOF-5 (Mxn-MOF) was investigated using the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation method. In order to study the loading process in presence of polymer, two chitosan and alginate polymers were adsorbed on the carrier, and then the loading of drugs was investigated. Descriptors such as van der Waals energy (vdw), radial distribution function (RDF), and mean square displacement (MSD) were utilized. The values of interaction energies and RDF for the studied systems show that the adsorption of drug molecules in systems containing polymer is better than in pristine ones. It was found that the type of adsorbed polymer on the Mxn-Mof nanostructure has a noticeable effect on the interaction energy between Cur and Dox drugs with the carrier. The obtained results confirmed that increasing the number of drug molecules affects the loading and adsorption process. The analyzes show that in the co-loading system, the most stable complex with an average binding energy of -662.75 kJ /mol belongs to the Mxn-MOF-Chi-Dox/Cur system. The investigation of the studied systems confirms that in the presence of chitosan polymer, the adsorption of drug molecules is stronger in comparison to alginate polymer. The results obtained from this study provide detailed information about the interaction of polymeric drug compounds and nanocarriers at the atomic level, which can be useful in the design of intelligent drug delivery systems.
Trend turning of North China summer extreme precipitation around early 2000s and its strengthened connections with Ural blocking and the western Pacific subtropical high
Authors: Diao Yina , Guo Jinhuan , Li Jianping , Zhang Yazhou , Hou Zhaolu
Published: March 2023

This study focuses on regional extreme precipitation (REP) in North China. We found a trend turning in summer (July and August) REP frequencies and intensities from a decrease trend in 1961-2002 to an increase trend in 2003-2020, accompanying which, the extreme rain belt shows a southward shift, and the connections of the REP with Ural blocking and with the western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) are enhanced in 2003-2020. The low and high pressures at west and east of North China (the low-high dipole, LHD) leads to northward moisture transport, air rising and rain there. During the REP the high pressure of the LHD at Northeast China (the NEH) is strongly amplified through the forcing of Rossby wave energy propagating along the zonal subpolar/subtropical wave guide over Eurasian on the preexisting northeast Asia stationary ridge. In 2003-2020, the enhancement of Ural stationary ridge favors the development of Ural blockings (UB), and leads to a change of the eastward Rossby wave propagating path from along the subtropical wave guide in 1961-2002 to along the polar wave guide in 2003-2020, which connects the UB and the LHD, leads to a strengthened-and- northeastward-shift/southwestward-shift of the low/high of the LHD. The JA mean WPSH expands more westward-northward in 2003-2020 than in 1961-2002. It provides a condition for a further westward-northward expanding of the daily WPSH under the influence of the NEH before the REP, which brings strong moisture from north Pacific and results in a strengthening of extreme rain over southern North China.
Co-payment mechanism in Uganda: Awareness of healthcare personnel and Implications on availability of Artemisinin agents in private drug outlets
Authors: Ocan Moses , Bakubi Racheal , Nakalembe Loyce , Ekusai-Sebatta Deborah , Nsobya Sam
Published: March 2023

Background
Malaria treatment is faced with the challenge of access, affordability, availability, and quality of antimalarial medicines. Affordable medicines facility-malaria (AMFm) program and subsequently Co-payment mechanism were developed to help increase access to quality assured Artemisinin Combination Therapies (ACTs) in seven countries in sub-Saharan Africa. We explored through a qualitative study, experience of healthcare personnel on Co-payment mechanism and the implication on access and availability of ACTs in private drug outlets in Uganda.
Method
All private drug outlets reporting stocking antimalarial agents in low and high malaria transmission settings were purposely selected for the study. In each drug outlet, data was collected from pharmacists/dispensers through key informant interview. The interview covered the following areas, (i) awareness of the co-payment mechanism, (ii) Knowledge of quality assured artemisinin combination therapies (QAACT), (iii) stocking of QAACTs, (iv) dispensing price of QAACTs), and (v) determinants of dispensing price of QAACTs. Data was managed using Atlas.ti and analyzed using framework methodology.
Results
Data was collected from 25 key informants. Five themes emerged following data analysis, (i) considerations taken while stocking antimalarial agents, (ii) access and purchasing behavior of clients, (iii) antimalarial dispensing, (iv) awareness of QAACT, and (v) awareness of Co-payment mechanism. None of the respondents was aware of Co-payment mechanism and QAACT (green leaf ACT). Duocotecin brand of ACTs (non-QAACT) was the most stocked antimalarial agent. Every seven in ten drug outlet clients request to purchase ACTs without a prescription and preferred buying cheaper brands. Drug outlets stocked and sold both ACT and non-ACT antimalarial agents. Most drug outlet clients cannot afford buying a full dose of an ACT. None of the respondents considered using Co-payment mechanism while stocking ACTs.
Conclusion
There is lack of awareness of Co-payment mechanism and QAACT among pharmacists/ dispensers close to a decade after its introduction in private sector. There was reportedly no difference in the dispensing price between QAACT and non-QAACT. The dispensing of less than a full dose of ACTs to drug outlet clients is a common practice. The Ministry of Health needs to create awareness through public campaigns on the Co-payment mechanism in the country.
An M/PH/1 Queue with Catastrophes
Authors: Liu Youxin , Liu Liwei
Published: March 2023

An M/PH/1 queue model with catastrophes is regarded as a generalization of an M/M/1 queue model with catastrophes. Whenever a catastrophe happens, all customers will be cleared immediately and the queuing system is empty. The customers arrive at the queuing system based on a Poisson process and the total service duration has two phases. Transient probabilities of this queuing system is considered by means of practical applications of the modifified Bessel function of the fifirst kind, the Laplace transform and probability generating function techniques.
Immune potency of bioreactor-aged dendritic cells in 3D collagen matrices
Authors: ElGindi Mei , Sapudom Jiranuwat , Garcia-Sabaté Anna , Quartey Brian Chesney , Alatoom Aseel , Al-Sayegh Mohamed , Li Rui , Chen Weiqiang , Teo Jeremy CM
Published: March 2023

The processes of aging and space travel both have significant adverse effects on the immune system, resulting in increased susceptibility to infections. Using simulated microgravity platforms, such as the random positioning machine (RPM), on Earth allows us to investigate these effects to better facilitate future space travel and our understanding of the aging immune system. Dendritic cells (DCs) are key players in linking the innate and adaptive immune responses. Their distinct differentiation and maturation phases play vital roles in presenting antigens and mounting effective T-cell responses. However, DCs primarily reside in tissues such as the skin and lymph nodes. To date, no studies have effectively investigated the effects of aging via RPM on DCs in their native microenvironment. With 3D biomimetic collagen hydrogels, we can study the effects on DCs in more physiologically relevant microenvironments. In this study, we investigated the effects of loose and dense culture matrices on the phenotype, function, and transcriptome profile of immature and mature DCs utilizing an RPM to simulate an accelerated aging model. Our data indicate that an aged, or loose tissue microenvironment, and exposure to RPM conditions decrease the immunogenicity of iDCs and mDCs. Interestingly, cells cultured in dense matrices experienced fewer effects by the RPM at the transcriptome level.
Improving GPU Web Simulations of Spiking Neural P Systems
Authors: Odasco Ayla Nikki Lorreen , Rey Matthew Lemuel , Cabarle Francis George
Published: March 2023

The utilization of a parallel processor such as the graph-ics processing unit (GPU) is only natural for the simulation of spikingneural p systems (SN P Systems) because of their inherent parallel na-ture. A recent work, created an SN P system simulator, GPUSnapse,that both utilizes GPU and runs on modern web browsers by exploitingthe Web Graphics Library (WebGL) which creates shaders to generatetextures that corresponds to SN P system simulation algorithms. Ma-trix representation operations were used in GPUSnapse. In GPUSnapse,when working with large matrices a common concern are sparse matri-ces. Sparse matrices are known to downgrade the performance of thesimulation because of wasting memory and time due to performing re-dundant operations. In this work we extend GPUSnapse by: (a) usingoptimized sparse matrix operations to improve the performance of oursimulator and; (b) increase the number of neurons that can be handledby the simulator due to better memory usage. We also identify the lim-itations of GPUSnapse in terms of the sizes of each benchmark systemthat it can handle. We present two algorithms: deterministic and non-deterministic algorithms, which we use to compare the performance andmemory requirements of the previous GPUSnapse and our present work.We also analyzed the performance between GPU and CPU implementa-tions of all algorithms involved. Results from our work show promisingimprovements such as up to a 1.97x speedup of GPU runtime and up to 30% reduction of memory usage. We also identify some bottlenecks inour work and recommendations for improvements.
Increased nationwide recreational mobility in green spaces in Norway during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Ulset Vidar , Venter Zander , Kozák Michal , Nordbø Emma Charlott Andersson , von Soest Tilmann
Published: March 2023

Recreation in green spaces has seen a pervasive decrease during the last two decades, particularly in urban areas, suggesting a shift away from contact with nature in Western countries. There is some evidence that the response to the COVID-19 pandemic led to increased recreational mobility in urban green spaces during the initial phases of the pandemic; however, it is not clear whether the sudden and extensive disruption of people's lives may have led to nationwide changes in green space use in both rural and urban areas, and whether the pandemic has reinforced or attenuated already existing social inequalities in recreational green space use. We used daily nationwide aggregated mobility data from more than 2 million cell phone subscribers in 14,331 geographical grids across Norway to examine potential changes in mobility to green spaces as measured with the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) during the pandemic, while controlling for weather conditions, holidays, and sociodemographic characteristics of neighborhoods. Moreover, we used neighborhood level registry data about household income, proportion of immigrants and education level to examine if there were social inequalities in changes in green space use. Results from linear mixed model analyses showed an increase in recreational dwells in green spaces during the pandemic, that was most prominent in areas of low socioeconomic status and high population density. In conclusion, the COVID-19 pandemic has led to increase in recreational mobility in green spaces across Norway, with the most significant increase observed in low socioeconomic status areas and high population density regions, indicating the potential of the pandemic to reduce already existing social inequalities in green space use.
MATEO: InterMolecular α-Amidoalkylation Theoretical Enantioselectivity Optimization. Online Tool for Selection and Design of Chiral Catalysts and Products
Authors: Carracedo-Reboredo Paula , Aranzamendi Eider , He Shan , Arrasate Sonia , Munteanu Cristian R. , Fernandez-Lozano Carlos , Sotomayor Nuria , Lete Esther , González-Díaz Humberto
Published: March 2023

The enantioselective Brønsted acid-catalyzed α-amidoalkylation reaction is a useful procedure is for the production of new drugs and natural products. In this context, Chiral Phosphoric Acid (CPA) catalysts are versatile catalysts for this type of reactions. The selection and design of new CPA catalysts for different enantioselective reactions has a dual interest because new CPA catalysts (tools) and chiral drugs or materials (products) can be obtained. However, this process is difficult and time consuming if approached from an experimental trial and error perspective. In this work, an Heuristic Perturbation-Theory and Machine Learning (HPTML) algorithm was used to seek a predictive model for CPA catalysts performance in terms of enantioselectivity in α-amidoalkylation reactions with R2 = 0.91 in training and validation series. It involved a Monte Carlo sampling of > 100,000 pairs of query and reference reactions. In addition, the computational and experimental investigation of a new set of intermolecular α-amidoalkylation reactions using BINOL-derived N-triflylphosphoramides as CPA catalysts is reported as a case of study. The model was implemented in a web server called MATEO: InterMolecular Amidoalkylation Theoretical Enantioselectivity Optimization, available online at: https://cptmltool.rnasa-imedir.com/CPTMLTools-Web/mateo. This new user-friendly online computational tool would enable sustainable optimization of reaction conditions that could lead to the design of new CPA catalysts along with new organic synthesis products.
Anais 1º Congresso Nacional de Nutrição e Longevidade e 3ª Jornada da UNATI (UNIFAL) Universidade Federal de Alfenas, 2021
Authors: Paulino Alice Helena de Souza , Todescato Angelica Pereira , Paula Bruno Martins Dala , Rodrigues Kamila Leite , Silva Marcella Zache , Teodoro Micaela Aparecida , Silva Júnior Sinézio Inácio da , Brito Tábatta Renata Pereira de , Silva Wanderson Roberto da
Published: March 2023

A UNIFAL-MG, por meio do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição e Longevidade (PPGNL) e a Universidade Aberta à Terceira Idade (UNATI), realizou entre os dias 04 e 06 de novembro de 2021, o 1º Congresso Nacional de Nutrição e Longevidade e 3ª Jornada da UNATI. O evento contou com apresentações de trabalhos, mesas-redondas e palestras ministradas por convidados internos e externos. As atividades aconteceram a partir das 17h, com transmissão ao vivo através do canal oficial da UNIFAL-MG no YouTube. Com o objetivo de debater os diferentes aspectos da longevidade e sua relação com a nutrição, assim como questões relacionadas à gerontologia. O público-alvo do evento contou com profissionais de diferentes áreas do conhecimento; graduandos e pós-graduandos. Comissão Organizadora - 1º Congresso Nacional de Nutrição e Longevidade e 3ª Jornada da UNATI - (UNIFAL) Universidade Federal de Alfenas, 2021
Efficacy of Meloxicam as an Adjunct Therapy in the Treatment of Neonatal Calf Diarrhea Complex
Authors: Todd C. G. , McKnight D. R. , Millman S. T. , Duffield T. F. , Leslie K. E.
Published: March 2023

Neonatal calf diarrhea complex has a significant impact on the dairy industry. The National Animal Health Monitoring System reports that diarrhea accounts for greater than 60% of pre-weaned calf deaths. A recent field study in Europe has identified beneficial effects of Meloxicam therapy in calves with diarrhea. This controlled trial examined the efficacy of Meloxicam administration in combination with oral electrolyte and antibiotic therapy for the treatment of calf diarrhea. Compared to control animals, the Meloxicam-treated calves experienced significant improvements in clinical parameters, such as hydration status, fecal consistency, rectal temperature and signs of visceral pain. Overall, calfrecovery from the episode of diarrhea was improved for calves receiving Meloxicam therapy, compared to placebo-treated calves. The objective of the current study was to examine the effects of Meloxicam administration on calf health, behavior and performance in calves with neonatal calf diarrhea complex in Ontario.