bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Brain–phenotype models fail for individuals who defy sample stereotypes
Authors: Greene Abigail S. , Shen Xilin , Noble Stephanie , Horien Corey , Hahn C. Alice , Arora Jagriti , Tokoglu Fuyuze , Spann Marisa N. , Carrión Carmen I. , Barron Daniel S. , Sanacora Gerard , Srihari Vinod H. , Woods Scott W. , Scheinost Dustin , Constable R. Todd
Published: August 2022

Individual differences in brain functional organization track a range of traits, symptoms and behaviours1–12. So far, work modelling linear brain–phenotype relationships has assumed that a single such relationship generalizes across all individuals, but models do not work equally well in all participants13,14. A better understanding of in whom models fail and why is crucial to revealing robust, useful and unbiased brain–phenotype relationships. To this end, here we related brain activity to phenotype using predictive models—trained and tested on independent data to ensure generalizability15—and examined model failure. We applied this data-driven approach to a range of neurocognitive measures in a new, clinically and demographically heterogeneous dataset, with the results replicated in two independent, publicly available datasets16,17. Across all three datasets, we find that models reflect not unitary cognitive constructs, but rather neurocognitive scores intertwined with sociodemographic and clinical covariates; that is, models reflect stereotypical profiles, and fail when applied to individuals who defy them. Model failure is reliable, phenotype specific and generalizable across datasets. Together, these results highlight the pitfalls of a one-size-fits-all modelling approach and the effect of biased phenotypic measures18–20 on the interpretation and utility of resulting brain–phenotype models. We present a framework to address these issues so that such models may reveal the neural circuits that underlie specific phenotypes and ultimately identify individualized neural targets for clinical intervention.
Mechanism of AAA+ ATPase-mediated RuvAB–Holliday junction branch migration
Authors: Wald Jiri , Fahrenkamp Dirk , Goessweiner-Mohr Nikolaus , Lugmayr Wolfgang , Ciccarelli Luciano , Vesper Oliver , Marlovits Thomas C.
Published: August 2022

The Holliday junction is a key intermediate formed during DNA recombination across all kingdoms of life1. In bacteria, the Holliday junction is processed by two homo-hexameric AAA+ ATPase RuvB motors, which assemble together with the RuvA–Holliday junction complex to energize the strand-exchange reaction2. Despite its importance for chromosome maintenance, the structure and mechanism by which this complex facilitates branch migration are unknown. Here, using time-resolved cryo-electron microscopy, we obtained structures of the ATP-hydrolysing RuvAB complex in seven distinct conformational states, captured during assembly and processing of a Holliday junction. Five structures together resolve the complete nucleotide cycle and reveal the spatiotemporal relationship between ATP hydrolysis, nucleotide exchange and context-specific conformational changes in RuvB. Coordinated motions in a converter formed by DNA-disengaged RuvB subunits stimulate hydrolysis and nucleotide exchange. Immobilization of the converter enables RuvB to convert the ATP-contained energy into a lever motion, which generates the pulling force driving the branch migration. We show that RuvB motors rotate together with the DNA substrate, which, together with a progressing nucleotide cycle, forms the mechanistic basis for DNA recombination by continuous branch migration. Together, our data decipher the molecular principles of homologous recombination by the RuvAB complex, elucidate discrete and sequential transition-state intermediates for chemo-mechanical coupling of hexameric AAA+ motors and provide a blueprint for the design of state-specific compounds targeting AAA+ motors.
Phosphorylation of muramyl peptides by NAGK is required for NOD2 activation
Authors: Stafford Che A. , Gassauer Alicia-Marie , de Oliveira Mann Carina C. , Tanzer Maria C. , Fessler Evelyn , Wefers Benedikt , Nagl Dennis , Kuut Gunnar , Sulek Karolina , Vasilopoulou Catherine , Schwojer Sophia J. , Wiest Andreas , Pfautsch Marie K. , Wurst Wolfgang , Yabal Monica , Fröhlich Thomas , Mann Matthias , Gisch Nicolas , Jae Lucas T. , Hornung Veit
Published: August 2022

Bacterial cell wall components provide various unique molecular structures that are detected by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) of the innate immune system as non-self. Most bacterial species form a cell wall that consists of peptidoglycan (PGN), a polymeric structure comprising alternating amino sugars that form strands cross-linked by short peptides. Muramyl dipeptide (MDP) has been well documented as a minimal immunogenic component of peptidoglycan1–3. MDP is sensed by the cytosolic nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 24 (NOD2). Upon engagement, it triggers pro-inflammatory gene expression, and this functionality is of critical importance in maintaining a healthy intestinal barrier function5. Here, using a forward genetic screen to identify factors required for MDP detection, we identified N-acetylglucosamine kinase (NAGK) as being essential for the immunostimulatory activity of MDP. NAGK is broadly expressed in immune cells and has previously been described to contribute to the hexosamine biosynthetic salvage pathway6. Mechanistically, NAGK functions upstream of NOD2 by directly phosphorylating the N-acetylmuramic acid moiety of MDP at the hydroxyl group of its C6 position, yielding 6-O-phospho-MDP. NAGK-phosphorylated MDP—but not unmodified MDP—constitutes an agonist for NOD2. Macrophages from mice deficient in NAGK are completely deficient in MDP sensing. These results reveal a link between amino sugar metabolism and innate immunity to bacterial cell walls.
RASA2 ablation in T cells boosts antigen sensitivity and long-term function
Authors: Carnevale Julia , Shifrut Eric , Kale Nupura , Nyberg William A. , Blaeschke Franziska , Chen Yan Yi , Li Zhongmei , Bapat Sagar P. , Diolaiti Morgan E. , O’Leary Patrick , Vedova Shane , Belk Julia , Daniel Bence , Roth Theodore L. , Bachl Stefanie , Anido Alejandro Allo , Prinzing Brooke , Ibañez-Vega Jorge , Lange Shannon , Haydar Dalia , Luetke-Eversloh Marie , Born-Bony Maelys , Hegde Bindu , Kogan Scott , Feuchtinger Tobias , Okada Hideho , Satpathy Ansuman T. , Shannon Kevin , Gottschalk Stephen , Eyquem Justin , Krenciute Giedre , Ashworth Alan , Marson Alexander
Published: August 2022

The efficacy of adoptive T cell therapies for cancer treatment can be limited by suppressive signals from both extrinsic factors and intrinsic inhibitory checkpoints1,2. Targeted gene editing has the potential to overcome these limitations and enhance T cell therapeutic function3–10. Here we performed multiple genome-wide CRISPR knock-out screens under different immunosuppressive conditions to identify genes that can be targeted to prevent T cell dysfunction. These screens converged on RASA2, a RAS GTPase-activating protein (RasGAP) that we identify as a signalling checkpoint in human T cells, which is downregulated upon acute T cell receptor stimulation and can increase gradually with chronic antigen exposure. RASA2 ablation enhanced MAPK signalling and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell cytolytic activity in response to target antigen. Repeated tumour antigen stimulations in vitro revealed that RASA2-deficient T cells show increased activation, cytokine production and metabolic activity compared with control cells, and show a marked advantage in persistent cancer cell killing. RASA2-knockout CAR T cells had a competitive fitness advantage over control cells in the bone marrow in a mouse model of leukaemia. Ablation of RASA2 in multiple preclinical models of T cell receptor and CAR T cell therapies prolonged survival in mice xenografted with either liquid or solid tumours. Together, our findings highlight RASA2 as a promising target to enhance both persistence and effector function in T cell therapies for cancer treatment.
Immune modulation by molecularly targeted photothermal ablation in a mouse model of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis
Authors: Muñoz Nina M. , Dupuis Crystal , Williams Malea , Dixon Katherine , McWatters Amanda , Zhang Jie , Pavuluri Swathi , Rao Arvind , Duda Dan G. , Kaseb Ahmed , Sheth Rahul A.
Published: August 2022

Immunotherapy is a promising new treatment approach for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but there are numerous barriers to immunotherapy in HCC, including an immunosuppressive microenvironment and the “immunotolerance” of the liver. Hyperthermia treatment modalities are standard of care for early stage HCC, and hyperthermia is known to have immunomodulatory effects. We have developed a molecularly targeted photothermal ablation (MTPA) technology that provides thermally tunable, tumor-specific heat generation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the morphologic and immunologic effects of MTPA in an immunotherapy-resistant syngeneic mouse model of HCC in a background of toxin-induced cirrhosis. We found that the anatomic, cellular, and molecular features of this model recapitulate the characteristics of advanced human HCC. MTPA as a monotherapy and in combination with immune checkpoint therapy significantly increased intratumoral CD3+ and activated CD8+ T cells while decreasing regulatory T cells relative to control or immune checkpoint therapy alone based on immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and single cell RNA sequencing data. Furthermore, we identified evidence of MTPA’s influence on systemic tumor immunity, with suppression of remote tumor growth following treatment of orthotopic tumors. The results of this study suggest that tumor-specific hyperthermia may help overcome resistance mechanisms to immunotherapy in advanced HCC.
New quantum physics, solving puzzles of Wheeler’s delayed choice and a particle’s passing N slits simultaneously and quantum oscillator in experiments
Authors: Huang Changyu , Huang Yong-Chang , Nie Yi-You
Published: August 2022

This paper discovers new quantum physics, and gives solutions to puzzles of Wheeler’s delayed choice and a particle’s passing many slits simultaneously by exact quantum physics expressions. We further show new quantum control, new quantum oscillation, new quantum control experiments and new quantum oscillator being able to be installed in quantum communication network etc. We discover that the ability of a photon to hit electrons out in photoelectric effect is complementarily equivalent to the ability of wave of a photon to simultaneously pass through many slits in wave-particle duality. Objective criterion for distinguishing classical and quantum particles is found, and this paper gives applicable realm of quantum theories and new quantum physics expressions of wave-particle duality. All these studies above should be classified as classical and quantum particles, then classical particle and quantum particle wave cannot and can pass many slits, respectively. This paper discovers wave-particle duality’s origin of displaying both wave property from plane wave part of the general Fourier expansion and particle property from the general Fourier expansion coefficients with the particle’s global property and spins etc. We give the superposition state representation of wave-particle duality, further find the collapse of the duality superposition state to wave or particle state. The collapsed wave or particle state is related to the measure of wave or particle property. Then, we explain why sometimes it's a wave or a particle. Our achieved results are truly tested, and we discover new measured attractive state and quantum wave collapse velocity expression.
Assessing the expansion of the Cambrian Agronomic Revolution into fan-delta environments
Authors: Ichaso Andrei , Buatois Luis A. , Mángano M. Gabriela , Thomas Patty , Marion Don
Published: August 2022

The intensity, extent, and ecosystem-level impact of bioturbation (i.e. Agronomic Revolution) at the dawn of the Phanerozoic is a hotly debated issue. Middle Cambrian fan-delta deposits in southwestern Saskatchewan provide insights into the paleoenvironmental extent of the Agronomic Revolution into marginal-marine environments. The studied deposits reveal that several environmental stressors had direct impact on trace-fossil distribution and bioturbation intensities in Cambrian fan deltas. Basal and proximal subaerial deposits are characterized by very coarse grain size and absence of bioturbation. Mid-fan and fan-toe deposits were formed under subaqueous conditions and are characterized by rapid bioturbation events in between sedimentation episodes when environmental stressors were ameliorated, providing evidence of a significant landward expansion of the Agronomic Revolution. Transgressive marine deposits accumulated after the abandonment of the fan-delta system display high levels of bioturbation intensity, reflecting stable environmental conditions that favored endobenthic colonization. The presence of intense bioturbation in both subaqueous fan delta and transgressive deposits provides further support to the view that Cambrian levels of biogenic mixing were high, provided that stable environmental conditions were reached. Our study underscores the importance of evaluating sedimentary facies changes to assess the impact of environmental factors prior to making evolutionary inferences.
Gallic and ascorbic acids supplementation alleviate cognitive deficits and neuropathological damage exerted by cadmium chloride in Wistar rats
Authors: Adebiyi Olamide , Adigun Kabirat , David-Odewumi Praise , Akindele Uthman , Olayemi Funsho
Published: August 2022

Cadmium is a highly neurotoxic heavy metal that interferes with DNA repair mechanisms via generation of reactive oxygen species. The potentials of polyphenols and antioxidants as effective protective agents following heavy metal-induced neurotoxicity are emerging. We therefore explored the neuroprotective potentials of gallic and ascorbic acids in CdCl2-induced neurotoxicity. Seventy-two Wistar rats were divided into six groups. Group A received distilled water, B: 3 mg/kg CdCl2, C: 3 mg/kg CdCl2 + 20 mg/kg gallic acid (GA), D: 3 mg/kg CdCl2 + 10 mg/kg ascorbic acid (AA), E: 20 mg/kg GA and F: 10 mg/kg AA orally for 21 days. Depression, anxiety, locomotion, learning and memory were assessed using a battery of tests. Neuronal structure and myelin expression were assessed with histological staining and immunofluorescence. The Morris Water Maze test revealed significant increase in escape latency in CdCl2group relative to rats concurrently treated with GA or AA. Similarly, time spent in the target quadrant was reduced significantly in CdCl2group relative to other groups. Concomitant administration of gallic acid led to significant reduction in the durations of immobility and freezing that were elevated in CdCl2group during forced swim and open field tests respectively. Furthermore, GA and AA restored myelin integrity and neuronal loss observed in the CdCl2group. We conclude that gallic and ascorbic acids enhance learning and memory, decrease anxiety and depressive-like behavior in CdCl2-induced neurotoxicity with accompanying myelin-protective ability.
Spatiotemporal evolution of seismicity during the cyclic operation of the Hutubi underground gas storage, Xinjiang, China
Authors: Zhang Bo , Wang Baoshan , Wei Bin , Wu Zhide , Wu Ni-Er , Lu Renqi , Ji Zhanbo , Hou Jinxin , Li Lu
Published: August 2022

Underground gas storages (UGSs) are important large-scale industrial facilities used to bridge the gap between natural gas consumption and supply. The cyclic operation of the UGS may alter the subsurface stresses and local seismicity. We examined seismicity around the Hutubi UGS from 2011 to 2019 using the matched filter technique (MFT) and double-difference location methods. More than 1300 earthquakes were detected with seismicity around the UGS showing a remarkable increase since the start of its operation and showing a clear correlation to seasonal gas production. About 684 detected earthquakes were located, most of them occurred within 6 km of the reservoir. The events can be grouped into two clusters. Both clusters initiated around the gas pressure boundary. The first cluster extinct after the first injection period. While the second cluster diffused upward along a pre-existing fault. We speculate that strain localization caused by non-uniform gas injection contributes to the initiation of seismicity clusters around the UGS, and the trapped crude oil/gas played an important role in the migration of the second surge. The revealed seismicity pattern contributes to a better understanding of the mechanism of induced seismic events and emphasizes the importance of seismic monitoring in the UGS region.
Video calls did not reduce PTSD symptoms in relatives during restricted ICU visits in the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Zante Bjoern , Erne Katja , Jeitziner Marie-Madlen
Published: August 2022

To help reduce the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus during the COVID-19 pandemic, ICU visits were banned or restricted. Therefore, family-centered care as usually practiced was not feasible Video calls were recommended to meet relatives’ needs. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of video calls on symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in relatives of ICU patients. This single-center study was performed during the first wave (15.03.2020‒30.04.2020; visits banned) and the second wave (01.10.20‒08.02.21: visits restricted) of the COVID-19 pandemic. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) was used to assess PTSD symptoms and an adapted version of the Family Satisfaction in the Intensive Care Unit 24-Item-Revised questionnaire (aFS-ICU 24R) to assess family satisfaction 3 months after ICU stay. The primary outcome was the difference in IES-R score at 3 months between the video call group (VCG) and the standard care group (SCG, no video calls). In addition, inductive content analysis of relatives’ comments regarding their satisfaction with decision-making and ICU care was performed. Fifty-two relatives (VCG: n = 26, SCG: n = 26) were included in this study. No significant difference in IES-R scores was observed between the VCG and the SCG (49.52 ± 13.41 vs. 47.46 ± 10.43, p = 0.54). During the ICU stay (mean 12 days, range 5.25‒18.75 days), the members of the VCG made a median of 3 (IQR 1‒10.75) video calls. No difference between the groups was found for conventional telephone calls during the same period (VCG: 9 calls, IQR 3.75‒18.1; SCG: 5 calls, IQR 3‒9; p = 0.12). The aFS-ICU 24R scores were high for both groups: 38 (IQR 37‒40) in the VCG and 40 (IQR 37‒40: p = 0.24) in the SCG. Video calls appeared largely ineffective in reducing PTSD symptoms or improving satisfaction among relatives affected by banning/restriction of ICU visits during the COVID-19 pandemic. Further investigations are needed to acquire more data on the factors involved in PTSD symptoms experienced by relatives of ICU patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Cosine similarity measures between q-rung orthopair linguistic sets and their application to group decision making problems
Authors: Ali Jawad , Naeem Muhammad
Published: August 2022

The q-rung orthopair linguistic set (q-ROLS), a combined version of linguistic term sets and q-rung orthopair fuzzy set, is an efficient mathematical tool to accomplish the imprecise information while solving the decision-making problems. Under this environment, we propose additional operations and relations to deal with the decision information, and some properties are well proved. Furthermore, we propound some cosine similarity measures and weighted cosine similarity measures for q-ROLSs based on the traditional cosine similarity measures with a brief study of related properties. In the proposed similarity measures, various linguistic scale functions are utilized in order to take into account the semantics of linguistic terms. Besides this, we employ the stated q-rung orthopair linguistic similarity measures to multi-criteria group decision making problems, in which the weights of DMs are delineated by the projection of individual decisions on the ideal decision results. At last, a numerical example is used to demonstrate the practicality of the suggested technique, and its efficacy is validated by comparison with prevailing techniques. The suggested method’s sensitivity and stability analyses are also provided.
Tumor microbiome diversity influences papillary thyroid cancer invasion
Authors: Yuan Lijuan , Yang Ping , Wei Gang , Hu Xi’e , Chen Songhao , Lu Jianguo , Yang Lin , He Xianli , Bao Guoqiang
Published: August 2022

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) has a high incidence, and its proper treatment remains challenging. Therefore, identifying PTC progression markers is essential. Here, using 16S RNA sequences, we analyzed the PTC intratumor microbiome and its role in tumor progression. Substantial microbial abundance was detected in PTC from all patients. The tumor bacterial diversity in patients with advanced lesions (T3/T4) was significantly higher than that in patients with relatively mild lesions (T1/T2). Importantly, we identified signatures of eight tumor bacterial taxa highly predictive of PTC invasion status. Hence, microbial host factors—independent of the genomic composition of the tumor—may determine tumor behaviors and patient outcomes. Furthermore, the correlation between specific bacterial genus and thyroid hormones or autoimmune thyroid disease-related antibodies may indicate the potential contribution of the microbiome in the relationship between autoimmune thyroid disease or irregular thyroid function and PTC progression, intervention of which might therefore be worth exploring for advancing oncology care.
A method for identifying the cause of inefficient salt-doping in organic semiconductors
Authors: Rahimichatri A. , Liu J. , Jahani F. , Qiu L. , Chiechi R. C. , Hummelen J. C. , Koster L. J. A.
Published: August 2022

To assess if salt-doping leaves anions and cations in the film, limiting the conductivity, one can apply a bias voltage and monitor the conductivity over time. If the doping is limited by unwanted ions, then the conductivity will increase with time.
Hydrogels for the treatment of oral and maxillofacial diseases: current research, challenges, and future directions
Authors: Huang Mingshu , Huang Yisheng , Liu Hongyu , Tang Zhengming , Chen Yuanxin , Huang Zhijie , Xu Shuaimei , Du Jianzhong , Jia Bo
Published: August 2022

Summary of applications associated with hydrogels in oral and maxillofacial regions.
Injectable thermosensitive hydrogel to enhance the photothermal ablation and systemic immunotherapy of breast tumors
Authors: Qin Tao , Li Ruipeng , Jin Huiqin , Wang Yunxia , Feng Liheng
Published: August 2022

A NIR-responsive and thermosensitive hydrogel with superior ablation and immunogenicity amplification of malignant tumors under mild conditions was fabricated.
A redox-switchable catalyst with an ‘unplugged’ redox tag
Authors: Gutiérrez-Peña Cristian L. , Poyatos Macarena , Peris Eduardo
Published: August 2022

A series of bis-(propyl-imidazoliylidene)-napthalenediimide (NDI) complexes of rhodium and iridium showed effective redox-switching properties, despite the electronic disconnection between the NDI moiety and the metal centres.
Solution-phase synthesis of the chalcogenide perovskite barium zirconium sulfide as colloidal nanomaterials
Authors: Zilevu Daniel , Parks Omri O. , Creutz Sidney E.
Published: August 2022

The solution-phase synthesis of colloidal BaZrS3 nanomaterials is reported, and structural characterization of the resulting particles is described.
BaNa2Co7Te3O18 with a distorted 2-uniform lattice (T13) showing unusual magnetic behaviors
Authors: Li Jinyang , Zhao Zhiying , Huang Xing , Cui Meiyan , He Zhangzhen
Published: August 2022

A new compound BaNa2Co7Te3O18 features a unique spin network of (36; 34, 6)2, which is the first example of a distorted 2-uniform lattice (T13), showing unusual magnetic behaviors.
Developing an atroposelective dynamic kinetic resolution of MRTX1719 by resolving incompatible chemical operations
Authors: Achmatowicz Michal M. , Chen Cheng-yi , Snead David R.
Published: August 2022

Continuous SPACE-DKR gives a strategy for high-yielding resolution of atropisomers. This is especially useful for compounds which are difficult to access through traditional asymmetric methodologies. Inherently conflicting reaction conditions are resolved with continuous flow.
Structures, fluorescence and magnetism of a series of coordination polymers driven by a tricarboxypyridine ligand
Authors: Zhao Qiang , Li Qi-yang , Li Jing
Published: August 2022

Pyridine carboxylic acid ligand H3cppa was used to construct metal complexes by a hydrothermal reaction, and eight new complexes were constructed. Luminescence behavior and magnetic properties of complexes were investigated.
Construction of a luminescent eleven-metal Zn(ii)–Tb(iii) nanocluster for rapid and quantitative time-gated detection of guanosine-5-monophosphate and RNA
Authors: Zhu Ting , Chen Ya , Yang Xiaoping , Leng Xilong , Schipper Desmond
Published: August 2022

An eleven-metal Zn(ii)–Tb(iii) nanocluster with a Schiff base ligand was constructed as a luminescent probe for quantitative time-gated detection of guanosine-5-monophosphate and RNA.
Stabilizing red-emitting all-inorganic perovskite nanocrystals by a ligand-mediated room-temperature procedure
Authors: Li Ling , Dong Hao , Hu Yongfei , Zeng Tao , Chen Yunxia , Mensah-Darkwa Kwadwo , Acheampong Emmanuel Tsiwah , Ali Ghafar , Xie Yi
Published: August 2022

Scalable room-temperature ligand-assisted reprecipitation (LARP) approach in the presence of MPA to synthesize red-emitting perovskite nanocrystals with tuneable optical properties and enhanced environmental stability.
Construction of bimetallic FeCo–SA/DABCO nanosheets by modulating the electronic structure for improved electrocatalytic oxygen evolution
Authors: Xie Wenshuo , Deng Wei , Hu Junbo , Gai Yuping , Li Xiang , Zhang Jingjing , Long Dewu , Qiao Shanlin , Jiang Fei
Published: August 2022

For energy conversion and storage, the electrochemical oxygen evolution process (OER) is the crucial half-reaction process.
Expansion of the multifunctionality in off-stoichiometric manganites using post-annealing and high pressure: physical and electrochemical studies
Authors: Gong Zhiwei , Xu Wei , Liedienov N. A. , Butenko D. S. , Zatovsky I. V. , Gural'skiy I. A. , Wei Ziyu , Li Quanjun , Liu Bingbing , Batman Yu. A. , Pashchenko A. V. , Levchenko G. G.
Published: August 2022

Physical and electrochemical studies exhibit ways for obtaining the best MCE and OER performance in LMO under changing internal and external conditions.
Differential dynamic microscopy for the characterisation of motility in biological systems
Authors: Al-Shahrani Monerh , Bryant Gary
Published: August 2022

Differential Dynamic Microscopy (DDM) is a relatively new technique which measures the dynamics of suspended particles using a dynamic light scattering formalism.
A study of changes in the heat capacity of carbon nanotube-based ionanofluids prepared from a series of imidazolium ionic liquids
Authors: Parmar Nirmal , Bendová Magdalena , Wagner Zdeněk , Jacquemin Johan
Published: August 2022

Ionanofluids (INFs), nanoparticles dispersed into ionic liquids; study on INFs stability, heat capacity, and influence of the cation size.
Accelerated exploration of efficient ternary solar cells with PTB7:PC71BM:SMPV1 using machine-learning methods
Authors: Guo Chaorong , Li Zhennan , Wang Kuo , Zhou Xunchen , Huang Di , Liang Jiaojiao , Zhao Ling
Published: August 2022

The champion PCE of the PTB7:PC71BM:SMPV1 ternary organic solar cells with the best SMPV1 doping ratio is predicted by random forest algorithm and verified in experiment.
X-Ray absorption spectroscopy of H3O+
Authors: Schwarz Julius , Kielgast Fridtjof , Baev Ivan , Reinwardt Simon , Trinter Florian , Klumpp Stephan , Perry-Sassmannshausen Alexander , Buhr Ticia , Schippers Stefan , Müller Alfred , Bari Sadia , Mondes Valerie , Flesch Roman , Rühl Eckart , Martins Michael
Published: August 2022

We report the X-ray absorption spectra of isolated H3O+ and H2O+ cations at the O 1s edge.
Open questions on toxic heavy metals Cd, Hg and Pb binding small components of DNA and nucleobases. Are there any predictable trends?
Authors: Pérez-Barcia Álvaro , Montero-Campillo M. Merced , Lamsabhi Al Mokhtar , Salpin Jean-Yves , Yáñez Manuel
Published: August 2022

This article presents a bibliographic compilation of experimental and theoretical work on Cd, Hg, and Pb, and analyzes in detail the bonding of M2+ and CH3M+ (M = Zn, Cd, Hg, Pb) with urea and thiourea as suitable models for larger biochemical bases.
Dynamics and outcomes of binary collisions of equi-diameter picolitre droplets with identical viscosities
Authors: McCarthy Lauren P. , Knapp Peter , Walker Jim S. , Archer Justice , Miles Rachael E. H. , Stettler Marc E. J. , Reid Jonathan P.
Published: August 2022

Stroboscopic imaging was used to observe the outcomes of binary collisions of picolitre pure water and 40% w/w aqueous sucrose droplets.
Understanding the abundance of the rare sugar β-d-allose
Authors: Juárez G. , Alonso E. R. , Sanz-Novo M. , Alonso J. L. , León I.
Published: August 2022

The conformational landscape of β-d-allose, a rare sugar, was investigated using laser ablation in combination with high-resolution rotational spectroscopy, showing considerably stronger intramolecular hydrogen bonds than in β-d-glucose.
The thermal expansion exfoliation technology and lithium promoter assistant afford CuOx/graphene as a high-performance anode for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Shi Ruina , Zhang Lixin , Gao Tiantian , Lian Wenhao , Liu Kankan , Zhao Xiaohua , Li Bing , Chen Niping , Song Wei
Published: August 2022

Uniform dispersion of ultrafine CuOx (∼2.7 nm) on a graphene surface was achieved by the thermal expansion exfoliation method to achieve high-performance lithium storage.
Research progresses on VOCs emission investigationsviasurface and satellite observations in China
Authors: Li Xinhe , Li Bowei , Guo Liya , Feng Rui , Fang Xuekun
Published: August 2022

1. Investigation of the VOCs emissions and source structure is summarized. 2. Characteristics of VOCs observations including surface and satellite are introduced. 3. Suggestions on improvement for future VOCs observation are provided.
Tracing the sources and depositional history of mercury to coastal northeastern U.S. lakes
Authors: Taylor Vivien F. , Landis Joshua D. , Janssen Sarah E.
Published: August 2022

Mercury deposition was reconstructed in lake sediment cores in two coastal U.S. National Parks using a new chronometric model and stable Hg and Pb isotope ratios to reveal differences in depositional processes affecting Hg accumulation under declining Hg emissions.
Simultaneous removal of Cr(vi) and TC over BiO1−XBr/CeVO4 S-scheme heterostructures: oxygen vacancy boosted charge separation and analysis of intermediates
Authors: Zhang Haochun , Chen Ruyao , Zhou Xiufeng , Dong Yuming , Chen Yigang , Shi Haifeng
Published: August 2022

BiO1−XBr/CeVO4 S-scheme heterostructures with rich oxygen vacancies boosted the simultaneous removal of Cr(vi) and tetracycline.
Novel reed + deep eutectic solvent-derived adsorbents for recyclable and low-cost capture of dyes and radioactive iodine from wastewater
Authors: Chen Yu , Liu Zhenghui , Li Yuting , Tong Jie , Guo Yuting , Bi Zixin , Yang Xiaoqing , Wang Han , Wang Jianqiang , Zhao Di
Published: August 2022

Deep eutectic solvent-based adsorbents are found to capture radioactive iodine and dyes from wastewater with high efficiency and high recyclability.
Methyl isobutyl ketone-enabled selective dehydration–esterification of sorbitol to isosorbide esters over the H-beta catalyst
Authors: Che Penghua , Ma Hong , Nie Xin , Yu Weiqiang , Xu Jie
Published: August 2022

One-step tandem dehydration–esterification of sorbitol in various fatty acids was achieved using H-beta by methyl isobutyl ketone mediation, giving selectively corresponding isosorbide esters in excellent 79–84% yields including 59–65% diesters.
Dual-function microneedle array for efficient photodynamic therapy with transdermal co-delivered light and photosensitizers
Authors: Zhao Huiting , Wang Xu , Geng Zhanhui , Liang Naixin , Li Qin , Hu Xiaoming , Wei Zewen
Published: August 2022

A dual-function microneedle array was developed to co-delivery photosensitizers and light for photodynamic therapy.
Electrode surface embedded manganese(iii)–pincer complexes: efficient electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Mahanta Abhinandan , Barman Koushik , Akond Umme Solaem , Jasimuddin Sk
Published: August 2022

Highly stable and robust gold electrode surface anchored Mn(iii)–pincer complex exhibits an excellent electrocatalytic activity towards the oxygen evolution reaction at a low overpotential with a medium Tafel slope under neutral pH condition.
Highly reversible Li-ion full batteries using a Mg-doped Li-rich Li1.2Ni0.28Mn0.468Mg0.052O2 cathode and carbon-decorated Mn3O4 anode with hierarchical microsphere structures
Authors: Kim Jong Guk , Noh Yuseong , Kim Youngmin
Published: August 2022

Microsphere structured Mg-doped Li-rich Li1.2Ni0.28Mn0.468Mg0.052O2 cathode and carbon-decorated Mn3O4 anode materials were prepared for application to lithium-ion full batteries. As-assembled lithium-ion full batteries exhibited enhanced electrochemical performances like high charge/discharge capacity, and long-term capacity retention.
Remarkable difference in pre-cation exchange reactions of inorganic nanoparticles in cases with eventual complete exchange
Authors: Bhar Madhumita , Rudra Saoni , Bhunia Nayan , Mukherjee Suchandra , Banerjee Aritra , Mukherjee Prasun
Published: August 2022

Pre-cation exchange reactions can differ remarkably, even though the completely cation exchanged nanoparticles are compositionally similar.
Electrochemical β-chlorosulfoxidation of alkenes
Authors: Yu Yi , Jiang Yi-Min , Zhu Xiao-Bin , Lin Yong-Ying , Yuan Yaofeng , Ye Ke-Yin
Published: August 2022

A green and sustainable electrochemical β-chlorosulfoxidation of alkenes with readily available thiols and hydrochloride as the limiting agents has been developed.
Photoinduced host-to-guest electron transfer in a self-assembled coordination cage
Authors: Ganta Sudhakar , Borter Jan-Hendrik , Drechsler Christoph , Holstein Julian J. , Schwarzer Dirk , Clever Guido H.
Published: August 2022

Light–powered host–guest charge transfer (HGCT) is shown for a coordination cage based on electron-rich phenothiazines, containing an anthraquinone acceptor as guest. Transient absorption spectroscopy and spectroelectrochemistry data is presented.
Quantum dot decorated polyaniline plastic as a multifunctional nanocomposite: experimental and theoretical approach
Authors: Yadav Ankita , Kumar Harish , Sharma Rahul , Kumari Rajni , Thakur Mony
Published: August 2022

PANI based plastic NCs shows good adsorption power, anticorrosive and thermal stability. The photocatalytic activity was observed against methyl-red dye. The NCs also shows good magnetic, antibacterial, and electrical properties.
Z-scheme LaCoO3/C3N5 for efficient full-spectrum light-simulated solar photocatalytic hydrogen generation
Authors: Wang Rui , Zhang Kexin , Zhong Xin , Jiang Fubin
Published: August 2022

An inexpensive and efficient LaCoO3/C3N5 photocatalytic system for water splitting or other photocatalytic applications was designed. The photocatalytic reaction and mechanism of C3N5 and its complexes was verified.
Membrane tension controls the phase equilibrium in fusogenic liposomes
Authors: Schmitt Laura Maria , Dreissen Georg , Kolasinac Rejhana , Csiszár Agnes , Merkel Rudolf
Published: August 2022

The lipid moiety of fusogenic liposomes is in a mixed phase state whose thermodynamic equilibrium depends on membrane tension.
A novel SERS substrate of MIL-100(Fe)/AgNFs for sensitive detection of ascorbic acid in cellular media
Authors: Qiao Wang , Wang Yiran , Zhao Zhenxia , Wang Yujiao , Chen Kui , Zhao Zhongxing , Li Min
Published: August 2022

A novel SERS substrate of MIL-100(Fe)/AgNFs was firstly prepared for sensitive and selective detection of ascorbic acid (L-AA), with a LOD of 10−11 M.
Nanodeformations of microcapsules: comparing the effects of cross-linking and nanoparticles
Authors: Doering Ulrike , Grigoriev Dmitry , Riske Tino , Fery Andreas , Böker Alexander
Published: August 2022

SFM results for protein and composite microcapsules are evaluated by the Reissner model. Protein capsules show higher Young’s moduli due to crosslinking, which is absent in composite capsules because of restrictions in the protein conformations.
The many greenhouse gas footprints of green hydrogen
Authors: de Kleijne Kiane , de Coninck Heleen , van Zelm Rosalie , Huijbregts Mark A. J. , Hanssen Steef V.
Published: August 2022

This communication shows how green hydrogen's climate footprint and performance against alternatives depends on electricity source and accounting choices.
Preparation of a Ni–Fe-based transition metal phosphide as an efficient electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Tang Huanhuan , Qi Yufan , Feng Danning , Chen Yangyang , Liu Liying , Hao Lei , Yue Kefen , Li Dongsheng , Wang Yaoyu
Published: August 2022

Ni2P–Fe2P/NF is produced by phosphating MOF derivatives and presents excellent OER performance (222 mV at 100 mA cm−2).
A durable VO2 transition layer and defect inactivation in BiVO4via spontaneous valence-charge control
Authors: Kim Dong Su , Lee Kun Woong , Choi Ji Hoon , Lee Hak Hyeon , Suh Hee Won , Lee Ho Seong , Cho Hyung Koun
Published: August 2022

Formation of a durable VO2 transition protection layer and defect inactivation in BiVO4via spontaneous valence-charge control.
Chemical and molecular tools to probe biological sex differences at multiple length scales
Authors: Félix Vélez Nicole E. , Gorashi Rayyan M. , Aguado Brian A.
Published: August 2022

Sex differences in biology are observed at multiple different length scales and across organ systems.
Spelling Errors in French Elementary School Students: A Linguistic Analysis
Authors: Joye Nelly , Broc Lucie , Marshall Chloë Ruth , Dockrell Julie Elizabeth
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

This study offers the first description of misspellings across elementary school using the Phonological, Orthographic and Morphological Assessment of Spelling (POMAS), a linguistic framework based on Triple Word Form theory, adapted for French (POMAS-FR). It aims to test the “universality” of POMAS and its suitability to track development in French spelling.

Method:

One hundred ninety-four typically developing French children (Grades 1–5) produced a written narrative and words-to-dictation. These were analyzed for productivity and accuracy. Misspellings were then analyzed using POMAS-FR.

Results:

Productivity and accuracy were better in the later grades. POMAS-FR provided a novel framework for tracking error types in our French sample. The data showed a linear trend for text production, whereby the proportion of phonological errors decreased rapidly in the early grades, while orthographic errors decreased and morphological errors increased throughout elementary school. Words-to-dictation showed a more stable pattern, with a steady decrease in phonological errors, and a stable proportion of orthographic and morphological errors. The specific error types found within each linguistic category are described for both tasks.

Conclusions:

The POMAS-FR allowed for the characterization of linguistic knowledge involved in learning to spell French across elementary school. Interplays between different types of linguistic knowledge were evident at all grades. In comparison with other writing systems, French text spelling competence relied heavily on morphological knowledge. These results suggest POMAS may be applied to other orthographic systems. It also highlights the importance of task and word selection for the qualitative evaluation of spelling.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.20520774
Warship formation extraction and recognition based on density‐based spatial clustering of applications with noise and improved convolutional neural network
Authors: He Haotian , Wu Ling , Hu Xianjun
Published: August 2022

Formation recognition is a significant focus of maritime target recognition. Automatic formation extraction and recognition facilitate autonomous decision‐making. However, few studies have explored formation extraction prior to recognition. This paper introduces a density‐based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) method based on Gaussian kernel to extract formation targets. On this basis, a depthwise separable convolutional neural network (DSCNN) method is proposed for formation recognition. A track simulation system is established to form a track dataset containing three different proportions of clutter, and the formation extraction method is examined using track dataset. Subsequently, the image dataset with eight different types of formation is formulated, on the basis of various detection errors, the DSCNN method for formation recognition is compared with several typical deep learning methods. As exposed in experimental results, the DBSCAN method based on Gaussian kernel can guarantee accurate extraction of formation targets subject to different proportions of clutter. Hence, it is greatly robust and capable of effective formation extraction. Under different radar detection errors, the formation recognition accuracy of DSCNN is 91.5%–99.5%, which achieves performance improvement by up to 12.5% compared with other deep learning methods. The combination of DBSCAN and DSCNN can well realise formation extraction and recognition with different proportions of clutter in tracks and various radar detection errors.
3D simulations of AGB stellar winds
Authors: Siess L. , Homan W. , Toupin S. , Price D. J.
Published: August 2022

Aims. We present the implementation of the treatment of particle ejection and dust nucleation in the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) code PHANTOM. These developments represent the first step toward a more complete modeling of dust-driven winds emanating from asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars that can be used for comparison with high resolution imaging of these stars.

Methods. The AGB outflow is modeled by injecting the SPH particles from a spherical inner boundary. This boundary is a series of concentric shells, with the AGB star at its center, and the particles are positioned on these shells on the vertices of an isocahedron geodesic surface. The outermost shell is ejected with a predefined radial velocity, and subsequent lower shells replenish the ejected ones, all rotated randomly to improve the isotropy of the outflow. The physical properties of the particles on these shells are set by solving the 1D analytic steady wind equations. The formation of dust is calculated starting from a compact chemical network for carbon-rich material, which creates the building blocks of the solid-state particles. Subsequently, the theory of the moments is used to obtain dust growth rates, without requiring knowledge on the grain size distribution.

Results. We tested our implementation against a series of 1D reference solutions. We demonstrate that our method is able to reproduce Parker-type wind solutions. For the trans-sonic solution, small oscillations are present in the vicinity of the sonic point, but these do not impact the trans-sonic passage or terminal wind velocity. Supersonic solutions always compare nicely with 1D analytic profiles. We also tested our implementation of dust using two formalisms: an analytic prescription for the opacity devised by Bowen and the full treatment of carbon-dust formation. Both simulations reproduce the 1D analytic solution displaying the expected additional acceleration when the gas temperature falls below the condensation temperature.
Examples of SVD decomposition contributions to the non-destructive testing of cultural heritage mural paintings using stimulated infrared thermography
Authors: Bodnar Jean Luc , Mouhoubi Kamel , Vallet Jean Marc
Published: August 2022

Stimulated infrared thermography has already shown its usefulness concerning heritage mural paintings conservation. However, the different pigments of the pictorial layer can, in certain unfavorable cases, lead to artefacts detection. Moreover, the fragility of these works of art requires the least invasive analyzes as possible. In the work presented here, we show, using theoretical and experimental studies, that the association of an SVD analysis with stimulated infrared thermography, seems to allow on the one hand, a notable reduction of this disturbing optical effect and we show on the other hand, that it seems to allow an early detection of these defects and therefore a lower energy deposit on studied works of art.
Sharp conditions on fractional ID-(g, f)-factor-critical covered graphs
Authors: Liu Hongxia
Published: August 2022

Combining the concept of a fractional (g, f)-covered graph with that of a fractional ID-(g, f)-factor-critical graph, we define the concept of a fractional ID-(g, f)-factor-critical covered graph. This paper reveals the relationship between some graph parameters and the existence of fractional ID-(g, f)-factor-critical covered graphs. A sufficient condition for a graph being a fractional ID-(g, f)-factor-critical covered graph is presented. In addition, we demonstrate the sharpness of the main result in this paper by constructing a special graph class. Furthermore, the relationship between other graph parameters(such as binding number, toughness, sun toughness and neighborhood union) and fractional ID-(g, f)-factor-critical covered graphs can be studied further.
Management and outcomes of urethral stricture: single centre experience over 13 years
Authors: Akyuz Mehmet , Ozsoy Emrah , Tokuc Emre , Artuk Ilker , Kayar Ridvan , Bastug Yavuz , Öztürk Metin İshak
Published: August 2022

Aim: To present a comprehensive summary of the diagnosis,
treatment and follow-up process of patients who underwent open urethroplasty in our tertiary
referral center for the treatment of urethral stricture in the last 13 years.

Materials and methods: Two hundred and forty-five (245) patients
who underwent open urethroplasty between January 2008 and June 2021 were retrospectively
analysed. Detailed history, physical examination, uroflowmetry, retrograde urethrography
and/or voiding cystourethrography and/or urethroscopy were used throughout the preoperative
diagnosis process. While evaluating the postoperative patency rates, the absence of
preoperative voiding symptoms after the operation and Qmax 15 ml/sec and above were taken into
account.

Results: Mean stricture length was 3.8 +/- 1.4 cm. Transurethral
endoscopic interventions in 79 patients (32.2%), catheterisation in 55 patients (22.4%),
trauma in 54 patients (22%), infection in 15 patients (6.2%), and idiopathology in 42 patients
(17.2%) were the causes for the stricture. Buccal mucosal graft was used in 125 patients
(51%), penile skin flap in 32 patients (13%), end-to-end anastomosis in 83 patients (33.8%)
and Heineke-Mikulicz technique in 5 patients (2%). Mean follow-up period was 67.1 +/- 28.9
months. Success rates of patients were 84% (105) in buccal mucosal graft, 78.1% (25) in penile
skin flap, 86.7% (72) with end-to-end anastomosis and 80% (4) with Heineke-Mikulicz
technique.

Conclusion: Among treatment options for urethral stricture,
urethroplasty techniques is the most successful treatment. Consideration of the factors
leading to the formation of the stricture, with the intraoperative findings and surgical
experience will maximize the benefit the patient receives.