bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Apis cerana Fabricius, 1793 in Sumatra: Haplotype Variations of Mitochondrial DNA and the Molecular Relationship with the Asian Honey Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Authors: Simanjuntak Juniarto Gautama , Priawandiputra Windra , Raffiudin Rika , Shullia Nurul  Insani , Jauharlina Jauharlina , Pradana Mahardika Gama , Meilin Araz , Jasmi Jasmi , Pujiastuti Yulia , Lestari Puji , Ilyasov Rustem , Sitompul Rahmadi , Atmowidi Tri
Published: April 2024

Honey bee Apis cerana is widely distributed in Asia and the Indonesian archipelago, including Sumatra. We studied the molecular variations of A. cerana using cytochrome c oxidase subunits 1 and 2 genes (cox1 and cox2) and the cox1/cox2 intergenic spacers (igs) in several altitudes in the six provinces of Sumatra. We explored the haplotype distributions of those three mtDNA markers for A. cerana in the low-, mid-, and highlands of Sumatra. We also analyzed their relationship with A. cerana in Sundaland and Asia using those markers. Our study revealed 12 new haplotypes of A. cerana cox1 in Sumatra, while nine and eight new haplotypes for cox2 and igs, respectively. Apis cerana in North Sumatra, Lampung, and South Sumatra had the three highest haplotype variations. Most of the specific haplotypes of inter-colony A. cerana from Sumatra were found in the lowlands, while most were in the highlands for intra-colony variations. We found low gene flow among populations of A. cerana in Sumatra. One haplotype, Sumatra4 cox2 from North Sumatra, was the same as Java3 haplotype, presumably due to anthropogenic impact. The molecular phylogenetic tree of A. cerana in the Sundaland revealed that A. cerana from Sumatra has a close relationship to those of Borneo compared to Java.
Phenotypic and Estimated Genetic Variability in Endemic Diospyros celebica Bakh. and Widely-spread D. blancoi A.Dc. Cultivated at Purwodadi Botanic Garden, Indonesia
Authors: Abywijaya Ilham Kurnia , Rindyastuti Ridesti , Jihans Fira Fitria , Wibowo Anjar Tri
Published: April 2024

The endemic Diospyros celebica and widely spread D. blancoi are two valuable species of Diospyros (the genus of persimmons and ebonies) that have been conserved at botanic gardens in Indonesia. Understanding the biological contrasts between endemic and widely spread species is essential for plant conservation. This study aims to compare the phenotypic and estimated genetic variability between the endemic D. celebica and the widely spread D. blancoi to support their conservation. Fifty-three morphological characters from fifteen selected living plant specimens at Purwodadi Botanic Garden were measured directly or using variable encoding methods. Unpaired two-samples Wilcoxon test and hierarchical cluster analysis were used to compare morphological variations between both species. Further, genetic variabilities were estimated from encoded morphological characters using GenAlEx 6.503 software. The two Diospyros’ morphological characters were significantly different, except for the lamina length, pairs of leaf vein, number of flowers in each inflorescence, and the fruit sulci presence. The cluster analysis successfully distinguished D. celebica from D. blancoi according to thirteen comparable morphological characters. The endemic D. celebica has lower genetic variability (female/bisexual %P = 86.21%, He = 0.259, uHe = 0.277; male P = 54.29%, He = 0.195, uHe = 0.234) than the widely spread D. blancoi (female/bisexual %P = 86.76, He = 0.311, uHe = 0.355). Due to the importance of genetic diversity in plant conservation, both species’ population size needs to be maintained, if not increased, to preserve the existing phenotypic and genetic variabilities within the cultivated populations at the botanic garden.
Knowledge, attitudes and practices of Moroccan cancer patients and their relatives towards the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Nadia Nouari , Saloua Lamtali , Majda Sebbani , Mouna Khouchani , Mohamed Amine , Latifa Adarmouch
Published: April 2024

Background: This study aims to describe the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of cancer patients and their relatives regarding the COVID-19 pandemic in Morocco.Methods: A self-administered online questionnaire was administrated to 133 adults aged 19 to 70 years old, including 32 cancer patients and 101 people from the relatives of cancer patients.Results: The participants showed a very good level of knowledge (cancer patients (84.6%), relatives (82.7%)) and practice (cancer patients (96.0%), relatives (85%)) regarding covid-19. . A very large proportion of cancer patients (84.4%) were very worried about the virus, compared with only 52.5% of relatives. They were concerned about the potential risk of infection and felt personally exposed (93.8%) to serious complications from COVID-19. The knowledge, attitudes and practices score were significantly associated with age (p=0,018), sex (p=0.002), professional activity (p=0,036), medical insurance (p=0,009), place of residence (p= 0,017), presence or absence of cancer (p=0,000), and perception of the danger of catching COVID-19 (p=0,041).Conclusions: Although the level of knowledge and practices of cancer patients and relatives was very satisfying, disparities between the two groups were still to be noted. Cancer patients go out less and practice more, despite the impact of confinement on their health.
A comparative analysis of two national tuberculosis reporting systems and their impact on tuberculosis case notification in Uganda
Authors: Timothy Kiyemba , Rita Makabayi-Mugabe , Nicholas Sebuliba Kirirabwa , Philip Tumwesigye , Stella Zawedde-Muyanja , Andrew Ocero , Abel Nkolo , Ebony Quinto , Stavia Turyahabwe
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground: Before 2018, the use of parallel tuberculosis (TB) reporting systems was resource intensive with duplication of efforts and hence the need to select one that contributed to better TB case notification at the National TB and Leprosy Program (NLTP) in Uganda. We sought to analyse the difference in reporting rates between the two systems in order to improve NTLP TB case notification rates, logistics management, and planning for better health service delivery initiatives.

Methods: We conducted a comparative study to assess TB case notification between the web-based DHIS2 and the district TB supervisor-led health management information system between January 2016 to December 2017. We used Poisson regression analysis to assess the statistical differences in reporting rates between the two reporting systems.

Results: The association between TB case notification and the type of reporting system was statistically significant (Prob > chi2 = 0.0000). The Incident Rate Ratio (IRR) for the web-enabled DHIS2 system versus the district TB supervisor-led health management information system was 1.106625.Conclusion: The web-based integrated DHIS2 system was more effective in reporting missing TB cases. It presents an opportunity for better planning and allocation of resources for improved service delivery in a low-income setting.
Rising prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus and its associated risk factors in Makurdi, North-Central Region of Nigeria
Authors: Bruno Basil , Izuchukwu N Mba , Terna A Gav , Blessing K Myke-Mbata , Terrumun Z Swende , Simeon A Adebisi
Published: April 2024

Background: The disease burden of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in sub-Saharan African region have been on the rise. Proper assessment of current prevalence of GDM may inform policy changes and management approach for improved care delivery.Objective: To determine the current prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and evaluate its major risk factors amongst pregnant women in Makurdi, North-Central Nigeria.Method: This was a multi-center hospital-based prospective observational study. Maternal characteristics and clinical risk factors for GDM in a cohort of 281 pregnant women at 9 to 16 weeks gestational age was evaluated. The one-step 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was carried out at 24 to 28 weeks of gestation.Result: Of the 356 women recruited, 281 (79.8%) completed the study. The GDM prevalence in the cohort was 16.7%. Increased early pregnancy BMI (adjusted OR = 1.154, 95% CI = 1.080 – 1.233, p<0.001) and presence of family history of diabetes mellitus (adjusted OR = 0.482, 95% CI = 0.233 – 0.997, P<0.05) were independent risk factors for GDM in the cohort.Conclusion: Increasing maternal age and early pregnancy BMI amongst other possible reasons, may account for the rising prevalence of GDM in the region.
The immune-modulatory role of MSCs exerted by PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in kidney tissue after cyclophosphamide
Authors: Saad eldien Heba Mohamed , Mohammed Alenzi Jayed , Ahmad Ahmad Roshdy
Published: April 2024

Background: Cyclophosphamide (CP) is one of the most effective immunosuppressive agents. To understand the mechanisms used by the CP and MSCs in the kidney, we investigated their effects on some pathways.Experimental animals and methods: 4 groups of female rats were used. GI: was the normal control group treated with saline solution. Groups G II, G III, and G IV were treated with CP. G I and G II groups were sacrificed on the fourth day after treatment., G III (Auto healing group) was left without treatment after the CP injection for six days. The G IV group was treated with MSCs on the fourth day after the CP injection. G III and G IV groups were sacrificed six days after treatment, and the kidney was removed and processed.Results: CP induced up-regulation in CD14 and CD21 positive cells and caspase. Significant down-regulation of previous markers in groups III and IV. CP exerted a downregulation effect on AKT/ PI3K, that were ameliorated in groups III and IV. A significant increase in P53, BCL2, as well as VEGF in Group IV (P < 0 05).Conclusion: MSCs play a vital function in the immune inhibition in CP-treated rats through PI3K/AKT pathway.
Associations between sexual violence and women's sexual self-consciousness
Authors: Ghaffarian Jafarzade Sara , Bostani khalesi Zahra , Niknami Maryam , Maroufizadeh Saman
Published: April 2024

Background: Sexual violence is a global public health problem that has serious and multiple consequences for the victims' health.Objective: This study was conducted to determine associations between sexual violence and women's sexual self-consciousness.Methods: In the analytical cross-sectional study, 340 eligible married women of reproductive age who have been referred to comprehensive health centers of Rasht, participated. Simple random sampling followed by cluster sampling was used to reach eligible study participants. The data collection tool was a three-part questionnaire including a demographic information form, sexual violence questionnaire, and sexual self-consciousness scale.Results: More than 66% of the participants in this study were exposed to sexual violence by their current spouses/partners. The highest prevalence of sexual violence was in the dimension of unwillingness to have sex (49%), and the lowest in the verbal dimension was 2.1%. Participants were 4.11 ± 5.18. There was a significant positive correlation between the total score of sexual violence and the total score of sexual self-consciousness of participants (P <0.001, r = 469).Conclusion: According to the findings, there is a significant positive correlation between SSC and sexual violence, so prevention policies for sexual violence should be focused on skill-based programs and empowering women.
Phenotypic and cytogenetic variability of patau syndrome in Morocco
Authors: Hanane Ait Hammou , Mariam Sennaoui , Fatimazahra Bouzid , Kenza Dafir , Meriem El Qabli , Hassan Akallakh , Maria Mansouri , Fadl Mrabih Rabou Maoulainine , Mohammed Bouskraoui , Nisrine Aboussair
Published: April 2024

The objective of this work was to identify phenotypic features and cytogenetic aspects of trisomy 13 in Moroccan population.The retrospective study was conducted on a group of 9 cases diagnosed cytogenetically with trisomy 13.The study of sex ratio showed a slight female dominance in our group of cases. The major clinical findings included: Holoprosencephaly, microphthalmia and anophthalmia, coloboma of iris, cleft lip and palate, nasal and ear abnormalities, retrognathism and sloping forehead, polydactyly, capillary hemangiomas, omphalocele, congenital heart defect, renal abnormalities, cryptorchidism, language delay.The cytogenetic study showed the dominance of the free and homogeneous trisomy 13 (56%). Patients who have this formula are dead at an early age (does not exceed one month). However, each of the chromosomal formula, trisomy 13 by translocation and partial trisomy 13 t (13;18), was found in 20% of our patients.The partial trisomy 13 t (13;18) is the only variant that is still alive and the patients with this anomaly suffer mainly from renal and cardiac anomalies with slight dysmorphia and psychomotor retardation.Our study shows the interest of the cytogenetic analysis in the diagnosis accuracy and in the genetic counseling of patients with Patau syndrome and their parents.
The effect of midwifery students’ changing life conditions and e-learning experiences on the state of their anxiety and hopelessness during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Mesude Uluşen , Özçoban Filiz Aslantekin , Elif Çilesiz
Published: April 2024

Background: Giving the existing formal education through the internet without a planned transition to distance educationnegatively affected the learning processes of the students.

Objectives: The study aims to identify the midwifery students’ changing life conditions and e- learning experiences on the stateof their anxiety and hopelessness during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Methods: Designed as cross-sectional research, the study was performed with the participation of 1,296 midwifery undergraduatestudents. The survey form comprised of questions that explored the students’ demographic characteristics, life conditionschanging during the Covid-19 pandemic and distance education experiences, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7, and theBeck Hopelessness Scale were used in the data collection.

Findings: It was discerned that, of the participant midwifery students, 55.2% spent the period of the pandemic in the provincecenter, 51.7% used smartphones to have access to the distance education, 50.3% had trouble in following up the coursesdue to the limited computer and internet access, 63.5% failed to follow up the courses because of the infrastructure problemsrelated to the distance education. It was found that, of the participant midwifery students, 54.6% exhibited anxiety symptomsand 26.3% had hopelessness symptoms. It was identified that having trouble in following up the courses increased anxiety by1.438 times (CI:1.103-1.875) and hopelessness by 1.980 times (CI:1.459-2.687), having tensions in the family relations increasedanxiety by 2.362 times (CI:1.780-3.134) and hopelessness by 1.789 times (CI:1.235-2.594), and having psychological support foranxiety and worry increased anxiety by 2.914 times (CI:2.208-3.8477) and hopelessness by 1.875 times (CI:1.083-3.247). It wasascertained that hopelessness increased anxiety by 2.878 times (CI:2.075-3.991) whilst anxiety increased hopelessness by 2.755times (CI:1.985-3.823) (p<0.05).

Conclusion: As well as the Covid-19 pandemic, health, social life, and economic changes; the digital separation that accompaniesdistance education also affects the students’ mental health. Solving the technical problems experienced in distance education,facilitating the follow-up of the courses, and equipping the midwifery students with problem-solving and coping skills willbe useful for reducing the midwifery students’ hopelessness and anxiety levels.

Keywords: Midwife; anxiety; pandemics.
A case report: recurrent anemia related to long term acyclovir use in a pregnant HIV infected Ugandan
Authors: Nambuya Mariam , Mayanja-Kizza Harriet
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This case report describes a pregnant patient with recent diagnosis of Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus (HIV) infection initiated on Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) in the second trimester, as well as high dose acyclovir high for large infected genital warts. She had no other HIV related opportunistic infections, and no prior anti tuberculosis treatment or preventive medication. Despite little response to acyclovir, patient was continuing on acyclovir for over 4 months. She subsequently developed recurrent anemia requiring frequent transfusion (14 units in total) over a 6-week period.

On stopping acyclovir, the anemia subsided, a few weeks later she had a normal delivery, followed by surgical removal of the warts. At a follow-up 8 months later, she was well, with a healthy baby, and reported no other episodes of blood transfusion.

Keywords: Recurrent anemia; acyclovir; herpes genitalis; HIV; ART.
Trial in Absentia in Ethiopia: Legal and Practical Appraisal
Authors: Leake Mekonen Tesfay
Published: April 2024

The trial of a criminal charge may be held in absentia if the accused, duly summoned, fails to appear totally or after s/he was initially present when the trial begins. Ethiopia’s Criminal Procedure restricts trial in absentia to grave crimes and specific fiscal crimes. It also has procedures for summons and retrial. However, it lacks sufficient clarity about issues relating to the partial absence of the accused, the requirement of personal summons, setting aside sentences imposed in absentia, the possibility of rehearing if a defendant fails to appear in appeals by the prosecution and whether an accused may choose representation by defense counsel than standing trial in person. The Cassation Division of the Federal Supreme Court has continued giving binding interpretations that expand the scope of trial in absentia even for minor crimes precluding retrial. Having examined relevant literature and comparative experience, it is suggested that express provisions that address these gaps need to be embodied in the Draft Criminal Procedure and Evidence Law. The Cassation Division should also reconsider its binding interpretations in light of restricting the scope of trial in absentia and towards allowing retrial in cases the accused’s absence for good cause.
Efficiency of cow horn-powder in the remediation of crude oil impacted soil
Authors: Kpakol N. N. , Osasere-Omoruyi T. , Belonwu D. C. , Okoro S. E.
Published: April 2024

Efficiency of Cow-Horn Powder in the Remediation of Crude Oil Impacted Soil was evaluated. Five beds of 40cm by 40cm with depth 30cm, partitioned on 220cm2 plot of land in Aluu, Port Harcourt were used for the study. A volume, 0.9 liters of Crude Oil was used to contaminate 4 beds of partitioned soil per 0.18m2 and left undisturbed for 14 days. Three of the partitioned contaminated beds (XgCH, YgCH and ZgCH) were thereafter bio-stimulated with 50g, 75g and 100g respectively of Cow Horn-Powder. The 4th served as negative control and the 5th, neither stimulated nor contaminated. Soil samples in triplicates, collected from depth 0-25cm from various beds at day zero soil contamination, Biostimulation Week 6 and 8 respectively were homogenized and analyzed for relevant Hydrocarbon indices, Heavy Metals and Physico-chemicals using standard methods. The highest remediation concentrations of the TPH which ranged between 652.11±0.0050 mg/kg and 893.20±0.005 mg/kg and PAH (92.99±0.001 mg/kg and 54.08±0.001 mg/kg) after eight weeks of remediation yielded 59.1% and 42.0% respectively. Degrees of reductions which ranged between 0.10±0.01 and 26.0±0.05 were recorded in the values of the Heavy Metals (Ni, Pb, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Fe and Cd). Accordingly, significant differences (P≤0.05) were noticed between the values of TPH, PAH and Heavy Metals of the impacted soils and controls. Results suggest that Cow Horn-Powder is potent in remediating Crude Oil impacted Soils.
Perception and Utilization of Traditional Birth Attendants by Pregnant Women Attending Primary Health Care Clinics in Bosso Local Government Area, Niger State, Nigeria
Authors: Ilori O.R. , Okonkwo C.C. , Fatoye O.A. , Awodutire P.O.
Published: April 2024

Background: Traditional Birth Attendants (TBAs) play a significant role in maternal healthcare in Nigeria, particularly in rural areas. This study assessed the perception and utilisation of TBAs among pregnant women attending primary health care clinics in Bosso Local Government Area, Niger State, Nigeria.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 218 registered pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in selected primary health centres. A semi-structured intervieweradministered questionnaire was used to collect data, which were analysed using Epi Info software. Data was presented with frequency tables and charts and test for association between categorical variables was done using Chi square. P value was set at <0.05.

Results: The study found that 40.1% of respondents utilised TBA services, while 59.9% did not. The services accessed from TBAs included routine antenatal care (61.2%), normal delivery (54.2%), special bath (13.5%), concoction for mothers (56.8%), and family planning (41.7%). The reasons for utilising TBAs were cheaper services (84.5%), cultural acceptability (24.7%), proximity to home (91.8%), belief in more compassionate care (74.2%), and limited knowledge of alternative services (3.1%). Most TBA users (85.6%) expressed satisfaction with the services. The study also revealed associations between TBA utilisation and socio- demographic characteristics such as age, religion, tribe, educational status, and occupation.

Conclusion: The study highlights the continued utilisation of TBAs for maternal healthcare services in the study area, driven by various factors, including affordability, cultural acceptability, and proximity. Efforts should be directed towards improving knowledge and awareness about alternative healthcare options and promoting safe practices among TBAs. The findings underscore the need for culturally sensitive and inclusive maternal healthcare interventions that address different population groups' unique needs and preferences.
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and associated factors among medical students in Tanzania: evidence from the Catholic University of Health and Allied Science, Mwanza region
Authors: Sabuni Paul Alikado Sabuni , Mwangu Mughwira , Ruwaichi Thadeus
Published: April 2024

Background: Since the outbreak of COVID-19, the government of Tanzania has made efforts and initiatives to protect its citizens. These efforts and control measures are lined with WHO guidelines and the National response plan for controlling the COVID-19 outbreak. Unlike other control measures, the Vaccine remained a promised solution to end the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, this study aims to determine the COVID-19 hesitancy level and associated factors among medical students. Furthermore, it aims to provide valuable insights and information that can be applied in future immunization campaigns/strategies to improve vaccination rates among this particular group of future medical professionals during the pandemic.
Methods: This is an analytical cross-sectional survey conducted to assess the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and associated factors among 580 undergraduate medical students at the Catholic University of Health and Allied Science (CUHAS) in Mwanza region, Tanzania. Data was collected through a questionnaire and analyzed using STATA version 18.0 to extract descriptive and inferential statistics to determine the factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in this particular group of future medical professionals. All the statistics were obtained at a 5% significant level.
Results: The vaccine hesitancy was 75.6% (95% CI, 71.9%-79.2%). Thus, more than half of the medical student 54.3% do not trust the efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccine with AOR 2.96 (95% CI, 1.80-4.86, p-value<0.001); likewise, the safety of Vaccine AOR 0.1.89 (95% CI, 1.11-3.21, p-value=0.019). Further, students who do not prefer free riding (i.e., letting others get the vaccine and believing to get the beneficial effect of herd immunity without being vaccinated) were less likely to deny the Vaccine than those who prefer free riding AOR 0.31 (95% CI, 0.31, 0.13-0.75, p-value=0.009). Despite insignificant odds, too much politics behind the COVID-19 vaccine influences vaccine hesitancy with AOR 1.14 (95% CI, 0.61-2.15, p-value=0.676).
Conclusion: The study concludes that despite the efforts to communicate public health information to encourage people to overcome vaccine hesitancy and receive Vaccines, the reluctance to get vaccinated against COVID-19 remains higher than the acceptance rate among medical students.
Synergy and Antagonism in Antimalarial Crude Extract Combinations
Authors: Kidima Winifrida , Wambura Rebecca , Nyigo Vitus , Katani Shabban , Malebo Hamisi
Published: April 2024

Background
Malaria accounts for around 4.8% of all recorded fatalities in Tanzania. Medicinal plants such as Caesalpinia bonducella, Azadirachta indica, and Annickia kummeriae have demonstrated promise in treating many diseases, including malaria. However, their combined activity against malaria has not been documented. Combination therapy using some medicinal plants with antimalarial activities may enhance safety and efficacy and reduce the evolution of parasite resistance.
Objectives
This study aimed to investigate antiplasmodium activities of different combinations of crude extracts from selected medicinal plants. Azadirachta indica leaves, Annickia kummeriae and Caesalpinia bonducella were extracted using dichloromethane (DCM).
 Methods
An in vivo acute toxicity study of both individual and combined crude extracts was carried out according to Chinedu et al., 2015. The in vivo antiplasmodial activity of individual and combined crude extracts was performed in mice inoculated with Plasmodium berghei (ANKA strain) using Peters’s 4-day suppressive test. 
Results
Individually, Caesalpinia bonducella crude extracts exhibited the highest in vivo antiplasmodial efficacy (91% parasite suppression) than A. kummeriae (73% parasite suppression) and A. indica (60% parasite suppression) at 800 mg/kg/day. The A. indica and A. summarize combinations and A. indica and C. bonducella demonstrated higher antiplasmodial activity (synergism-combination index 0.29 and 0.97, respectively) than their constituents. However, combining A. kummeriae and C. bonducella produced the lowest antiplasmodial activity (antagonism- combination index 40.67) than its extracts. The high antiplasmodial potencies (ED50) demonstrated by AiAk and AiCb are significant and critical results for traditional, complementary and alternative medicine.
 Conclusion
Therefore, these preliminary findings suggest that AiAk and AiCb are potential antiplasmodium herbal therapies.  Further research should be undertaken to investigate the antiplasmodium effect of AiAk and AiCb in humans.
Headache to a Patient with the Coexistence of Chiari I Malformations and Primary Empty Sella Syndrome: A Case Report la Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Msigwa Samwel , Hong Shuang , Lyimo Veronica , Marealle Elizabeth
Published: April 2024

Background: Chiari I malformations (CM-I) and Primary Empty Sella syndrome (PESS) are rare disorders of structural defects within a skull. Headache is the most common presenting symptom in both conditions. However, CM-I and ESS comorbidity in patients with severe headaches is yet to be reported.
Case description: The patient was a 38-year-old woman with a one-year history of headaches at various localisations (occipital and bilateral frontal) preceded by mood agitation. Physical examination was significant for obesity. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a 6.4 mm cerebellar tonsil descent through the foramen magnum and hypointense (CSF-filled) flattened sella. The lipid panel showed elevated cholesterols (total) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels.  She was medically managed, with no report of symptoms relapses at one-month and two-month follow-ups.
Conclusion: This is the first report on comorbid CM-I and PESS in adults presenting with cephalalgia. PESS and CM-I co-occurrence may present with mixed headache localisation; careful history-taking and imaging are mandatory for diagnosis confirmation. Future extensive studies are warranted to analyse the pathophysiological interplay between these two rare disorders.
Seroprevalence of Syphilis among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Yaqshiid District, Mogadishu, Somalia
Authors: Sharif Ali Abdirasak , Hussein Elmi Abdirahman
Published: April 2024

Background: The prevalence of syphilis among pregnant women in Somalia has been poorly studied, despite its significant impact on maternal and fetal health. In Somalia, the last syphilis study was conducted approximately 30 years ago, leaving a critical knowledge gap regarding the current epidemic of syphilis among pregnant women.
Materials and methods: From January 2023 to April 2023, a hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on maternal and child health. A total of 300 pregnant women were included in the study, and the seroprevalence of syphilis was determined using the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory. This one-step quick diagnostic test cassette was used as the preliminary screening tool, and Positive results were confirmed using the full chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) analyzer MAGLUMI. A structured questionnaire was used to collect demographic characteristics and knowledge regarding syphilis transmission and mother-to-child transmission. SPSS Version 27.0 was used to analyze the gathered data. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results:  Overall, 5.3% (16/300) of pregnant women had syphilis seroprevalence. Seroprevalence rates were higher in women aged 24-34 (50.0%). There were significant relationships between syphilis infection and education (p < 0.000), occupation (p < 0.000), and residence (p = 0.002). Furthermore, a significant majority of pregnant women (78%) were unaware of syphilis transmission routes and its correlation to HIV risk (81.7%). Stillbirths constituted 23.3% of pregnancy-related problems, whereas 17% of pregnant women had a prior record of blood transfusions.
Conclusions: The study found an alarming syphilis seroprevalence in pregnant women, especially in certain demographic groups. The lack of knowledge of syphilis transmission and its effects highlights the necessity for targeted education. Improved prenatal care, health awareness, and effective prevention should lessen the effects of syphilis on mother and newborn health.
Maternal Psychosocial care and Child feeding practices
Authors: Akinrinmade Remilekun , Ogunba Beatrice Olubukola , Dagunro Opeyemi Racheal , Amanam Esther Mercy
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Psychosocial care is the process by which caregivers meet the needs of infants in terms of adequate nutrition, emotional, social, mental and healthcare for promoting healthy growth and development. This study, therefore, aimed to assess the influence of psychosocial care during complementary feeding among mothers.
Methodology: It was a cross-sectional design, and the sample size was statistically calculated to arrive at 385 mothers. A structured and self-administered questionnaire collected information on socio-economic status and psychosocial care during complementary feeding practices. WHO feeding indicators were used to assess the feeding practices of the mothers. Data were analysed using both descriptive statistics and inferential statistics.
Results: The study showed that 52.1% of respondents were between 20 and 29 years old, 88.1% were married, and others were single or divorced mothers. The feeding indicator showed that 21.5% of respondents met the Minimum Adequate Diet. Half of the respondents (50%) monitored the amount of food consumed by the children, while 12.4% encouraged the children to finish the food served. There was an insignificant relationship between maternal psychosocial care and complementary feeding practices (χ2; p>0.05), whereas there was a significant association between maternal psychosocial care and maternal age (χ2; p=0.043) as well as religion (χ2; p=0.031).
Conclusion: The study concluded that mothers who had advanced in age had better maternal psychosocial care during complementary feeding than the younger mothers. Therefore, maternal nutrition education on complementary feeding and care during infants’ feeding should be encouraged during antenatal and post-natal clinics.
The viability of seagrass ecosystems for supporting dugong recovery in Kenya
Authors: Awadh Asma , Mwakumanya Maarifa , Omar Mohamed
Published: April 2024

Seagrasses are the primary source of food for dugongs and a good indicator of marine ecosys- tem health. The East African dugong (Dugong dugon) population is listed as critically endan- gered under the IUCN Red List. This study aimed to document the status of seagrass beds and evaluate their potential for supporting dugong recovery in Kenya. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in December 2016 to March 2017, with data gathered through desktop reviews, inter- views, beach surveys and aerial surveys. Seven seagrass species were found at sampled sites, namely Syringodium isoetifolium, Thalassodendron ciliatum, Halophila ovalis, Zostera capensis, Thal- assia hemprichii, Cymodocea serrulata, and Halodule uninervis. Halodule and Halophila seagrass spe- cies are important in the diet of dugongs. Two dugongs were sighted during the aerial survey. The spread of sea urchins, unplanned infrastructure development, Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated fishing, and boat anchors negatively affected seagrass ecosystems and hence dugong distribution in Kenya.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN BIAYA TRANSSHIPMENT METODE VOGEL APPROXIMATION METHOD (VAM) DENGAN LINGO PADA DISTRIBUSI SEPEDA MOTOR DI PT. ABC
Authors: Zulfikar Muhammad Rifky , Isdy Andhika Putrana , Haryadi Febri , Fauzi Muchammad
Published: April 2024

Transshipment adalah aktivitas pemindahan suatu barang dari tempat asal ke tujuan melalui titik persinggahan, sehingga konsumen tidak menerima barang yang dipesan secara langsung dari pabrik melainkan melalui distributor. Metode transshipment bertujuan untuk memilih rute pengiriman yang paling optimal untuk memenuhi setiap permintaan di lokasi yang berbeda. Hal itu menyebabkan perhitungan dan pertimbangan diperlukan guna meminimalisir biaya yang timbul akibat transhipment yang belum optimal. Penelitian ini akan berfokus pada perusahaan penjual motor yang memiliki 2 buah titik asal, 3 buah titik persinggahan dan 3 buah titik tujuan sehingga dapat dicari rute mana yang menimbulkan biaya paling efisien. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder dari penelitian sebelumnya dengan menggunakan metode Vogel Approximation Method (VAM) dan akan diselesaikan menggunakan software LINGO. Hasil yang didapat dari software LINGO akan dibandingkan dengan hasil penelitian sebelumnya, dengan harapan hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi masukan bagi pihak perusahaan dalam meminimumkan cost dari pengiriman barang.
ANALISIS PENERAPAN PERAWATAN MOTOR KONVEYOR MESIN XRAY DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE RELIABILITY CENTERED MAINTENANCE (RCM) PADA PT. TRISTAN ENGINEERING
Authors: Purnomo Joko , Affandi Naufal , Rahmatullah Asep
Published: April 2024

PT. Tristan engineering is a company engaged in services and goods. This company provides services and procurement of goods or spare parts needed by other companies. The X-ray machine moves 165 rpm for 24 hours non-stop in checking the goods that come in and out of the company. In this situation, the damage can occur at any time and can cause uncertainty about the availability of the machines to support the checking process. This research aims to determine the application of the system and the benefits of the Reliability Centered Maintenance system on the application of maintenance of the x-ray machine conveyor motor. The research method used is the Reliability Centered Maintenance method, which is used to reduce downtime that occurs in PT. Tristan Engineering. The research results were obtained at PT. Tristan Engineering includes the absence of periodic maintenance, causing damage to the x-ray engine components. From the results of the improvement of the proposed conveyor motor maintenance application, the occurrence of downtime is caused by the identification of the failure to detect the severity value, occurrence, and detection of each component of the discussion and conclusion described using the FMEA method is 683 RPN, it must be done machine maintenance periodically. From the planning effort of Reliability Centered Maintenance accompanied by a comparative analysis, the proposed improvements can reduce the average downtime by 39% on the problems of each component accompanied by MTBF 2.412 hours
KAJIAN LAJU KOROSI TERHADAP STAINLESS STEEL DALAM LARUTAN HNO3
Authors: Siahaan Saloom Hilton
Published: April 2024

This study aims to find out the rate of corrosion of stainless steel 304 in HNO3 solution. The dyeing process is carried out at a temperature of 700C for 6 hours, followed by a temperature of 290C for 18 hours every 7 days. This is to bring the use of stainless steel in real terms using SAMOP reactor tubes (Sub Critical Assembly for Mo99  Prad Action). Specimens undergoing TIG welding and electric arcs are cleaned of impurities, then measured, drawn, weighed, and recorded their initial weight. Furthermore, specimens are dyed in a solution of HNO3  pH 0.2 and 0.5 at a temperature of 700C for6 hours, continued at a temperature of 290C for18 hours every 7 days for 3 months. The heavy recording is done every week. The results showed weight loss in all specimens. This is seen at a pH corrosion rate of 0.5 in electric arc welding of 0.105 grams/dm2/month, for the rate of corrosion without welds is 0.026 grams/dm2/month. At pH 0.2 on electric arc welding is 0.045 grams/dm2/month at a pH of 0.2 without lashing 0.02 grams/dm2/month. Test objects that have undergone welding compared to test objects that do not experience welding occur significant corrosion rate differences.
ANALISIS PENERAPAN MANAJEMEN KAIZEN DI BIDANG INDUSTRI: STUDI KASUS PADA 3 PT DI INDONESIA
Authors: Sugara Yusuf , Sopyan Adi , Tresnadi Artia , Fauzi Muchammad
Published: April 2024

Kaizen technique is a lean production technique that applies the principle of perfection because it involves continuous improvement of work. In Indonesia, there are limited liability companies (PT) which have very rapid growth because kaizen culture. This shows that the kaizen culture affects the magnitude the magnitude of business competition. Therefore, kaizen which is one of the lean manufacturing techniques that envisions sustainable development. Based on the description above, research on the Analysis of Kaizen Management Applications in the Industrial Engineering Sector: Case Studies in PT Companies in Indonesia needs to be carried out with the aim of analyzing the effect of Kaizen implementation on the sustainability of companies. This research is a literature review study that contains data from several previous studies related to this topic. Based on the results of research conducted by several studies reviewed in this study, it can be concluded that PT. Hino Motors Manufacturing Indonesia is considered very good in implementing kaizen because kaizen culture will greatly affect the performance of employees and the effectiveness of the company. Kaizen culture has a significant influence on the performance of the employees of PT Surya Toto Indonesia. The kaizen system has a major influence on the performance of PT Bridgestone Tire in terms of Environment Safety
DYEING MACHINE MAINTENANCE PLANNING USING THE FAILURE MODE AND EFFECT ANALYSIS (FMEA) METHOD AT PT BOO YOUNG INDONESIA CIKANDE – SERANG
Authors: Syahid Yosep Muhammad , Affandi Naufal
Published: April 2024

PT. Boo Young Indonesia is a company that manufactures shoelaces for famousbrands such as Adidas, Nike, Puma, Under Armour. Based on the findings obtained by the researchers from the Observation Results there is a frequent engine damage to the Dyeing Machine.The damage resulted in the company experiencing a failure in the production process resulting in the company experiencing losses. The analysis of this study aims to determine the application of the Failure Mode Effect And Analysis (FMEA) method can provide optimal scheduling results in the treatment of the dyeing machine so that damage to the machine can be prevented and reduced so that there is no downtime on the dyeing machine
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN HOME INDUSTRY DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN ANALISIS SWOT DAN METODE QSPM STUDI KASUS INDUSTRI SEPATU, SANDAL ETNIK DAN KULIT DI CV. DEALLOVA NUSANTARA HS
Authors: Fajri Muhamad , Hipni Ahmad , Mutia Metha
Published: April 2024

CV. Deallova Nusantara Hs is a home industry business engaged in the production of shoes, ethnic sandals and leather. The problem faced is the level of sales that is not stable until the level of sales decreases which is caused by internal and external factors in the company. The purpose of this study is to identify problems and analyze development strategies in CV. Deallova Nusantara Hs. Then provide a proposed development strategy with SWOT analysis and QSPM matrix. The research method used in this study is a qualitative approach by processing data starting from the input stage, data processing stage, and the decision-making stage to determine the strategy. The process of determining the strategy consists of processing IFE and EFE data, SWOT analysis, and the QSPM matrix for the formulation of strategies that will be used by CV. Deallova Nusantara Hs. Based on the results of the analysis carried out, it was obtained from the strength factor with the highest value of good service to consumers, the TAS score was 0.297, while the weakness factor with the lowest was the lack of advertisements for production publications, the TAS score was 0.1126, and the opportunity factor with the highest score was Collaborating with government agencies and companies. TAS is 0.4161, while the threat factor with the lowest score is the proliferation of innovative products from competitors with a TAS score of 0.2194
PERANCANGAN TATA LETAK FASILITAS MENGGUNAKAN METODE BLOCPLAN “STUDI KASUS TOKO OLEH-OLEH SURABAYA HONEST”
Authors: Sholekhah Latifa Nur , Rahardian Alif Rizki , Sari Diah Anisa Permata , Huda Dimas Qhoirul , Qoiron Rizal , Yuliawati Evi
Published: April 2024

Surabaya Typical Souvenirs "HONEST" is a shop that sells Surabaya specialties which are available in almost all areas of Surabaya, both East Surabaya, North Surabaya, West Surabaya, South Surabaya, and some are in the Sidoarjo area. One of the drawbacks is the layout facilities, namely the position of placing the storefront which is too boring so that it makes customers who come uncomfortable and less interested in the placement of the store layout. To increase customer interest regarding the layout, it can be improved by redesigning the facility layout. The proposal for improving the facilities was taken because there is still a lot of empty space in the typical Surabaya souvenir shop "HONEST" so that it can be maximized to support customer facilities. The area approach in the typical Surabaya souvenir shop "HONEST" uses the Activity Relationship Chart (ARD) and Activity Relationship Diagram (ARD) methods. The two methods resulted in 2 areas that had to be brought closer together and became proposed improvement areas, namely the parking area and the waiting area. After the proposed area is known, enter the bloc plan stage, at this stage 3 proposed plans are produced from the proposed area chosen by the respondents
ÜÇ BOYUTLU YAZICIYLA ÜRETİLMİŞ YÜZEY BASKILI ELEKTROT BENZERİ SİSTEMİN ELEKTROKİMYASAL UYGULAMASI
Authors: Özcan Levent , Yuran Ahmet Fatih
Published: April 2024

Elektrokimyasal sensör ve biyosensörlerde kullanılan elektrotların ve elektrot sistemlerinin yapılmasında üç boyutlu yazıcıların kullanılması önemli avantajlar sağlamaktadır. Bu avantajlardan biri olan düşük maliyet ile üretim yapılabilmesi, son yıllarda bu alandaki çalışmaların giderek artmasında itici güç olmuştur. Elektrokimyasal ölçümlerin gerçekleştirilebildiği ve çoğu tek kullanımlık olan yüzey baskılı elektrotlar pek çok sensör/biyosensör sisteminde kullanılmaktadır. Yüzey baskılı elektrotlara benzer bir tasarıma sahip ve benzer bir mantıkla çalışan alternatif elektrotların üç boyutlu yazıcılarla üretilebilirliğinin gösterilmesi bu çalışmanın ana hedefidir. Elektrot malzemesi olarak kullanılan kalem ucu grafit elektrot yaygın bulunabilirliği ve düşük maliyeti nedeniyle üretilen sistemde çalışma, referans ve karşıt elektrot olarak kullanılmıştır. Maliyetin düşürülmesi ve ulaşılabilirlik üç boyutlu yazıcılar açısından da göz önünde bulundurulmuş ve FDM tipi yazıcı tercih edilmiştir. FDM tipi yazıcı kullanılarak elde edilen yüzey baskılı elektrot benzeri sistem parasetamolün elektrokimyasal tayinlerinde başarıyla kullanılmıştır. Çalışma, karşıt ve referans elektrot olarak 0,9 mm kalınlığındaki 2B kalem ucunun kullanıldığı bu sistemde dönüşümlü voltametri yöntemi kullanılarak 4,0 mM parasetamol içeren pH 7,0 fosfat tamponu çözeltisinde 0,43 V değerinde yükseltgenme piki elde edilmiştir. Sistem aynı zamanda referans elektrot olarak Ag/AgCl ve karşıt elektrot olarak Pt telin kullanıldığı şartlarda denenmiştir. Sonuçlar parasetamol için elde edilen yükseltgenme akım değerinin birbirine çok yakın olduğunu göstermiştir.
Acute Cerebellitis or Post-Infectious Cerebellar Ataxia? Approach to Paradigmatic Pediatric Clinical Cases
Authors: Nunes Beatriz , Diogo Rui , Costa Mariana , Pereira Cristina , Ribeiro Joana Afonso , Palavra Filipe , Rodrigues Fernanda , Amaral Joana
Published: April 2024

Acute cerebellitis is a rare disease resulting from dysfunction of the cerebellum or its connections, with infectious or inflammatory causes, varied clinical manifestations, and evidence of predominantly cerebellar inflammation on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It belongs to the spectrum of acute post-infectious cerebellar ataxia, a self-limited disease whose therapeutic approach is individualized. Three clinical cases of cerebellar ataxia in pediatric age are described. In case 1, there is a post-infectious context associated with Epstein-Barr virus. In case 2, there is a possible Mycoplasma pneumoniae post-infectious context, with MRI revealing cerebellar inflammation. Steroids were used in both cases. Case 3 presents severe cerebellar post-infection symptoms associated with varicella zoster virus, and human immunoglobulin was given.
Evolution was favorable in all. These cases demonstrate the variable spectrum of post-infectious cerebellar ataxia and the different therapeutic options used, depending on the clinical presentation and individual characteristics of affected children.
Situación actual de los Archivos Diocesanos y Catedralicios en Andalucía Occidental
Authors: González Ferrín María Isabel
Published: April 2024

Entre los principales retos de los Archivos y la Archivística en este momento se encuentra la revolución tecnológica impuesta por la informática, las tecnologías de la información y de las comunicaciones. Desde los Archivos Eclesiásticos afrontamos estos nuevos retos integrando los trabajos técnicos consolidados por la tradición archivística; instalación, conservación, organización, descripción normalizada y el acceso a los fondos, con los nuevos métodos e instrumentos que nos ofrecen las nuevas tecnologías. Se ha optado por describir, para esta ocasión, dos tipologías muy precisas de Archivos Eclesiásticos: Diocesanos y Catedralicios, situados en la cúspide de un sistema jerárquico. Esto supone una elección restrictiva en un marco mucho más amplio, tanto en lo institucional como en lo geográfico, justificada porque son Archivos en mayúscula, pues cumplen con unos requisitos básicos, en un ámbito geográfico concreto Andalucía Occidental.