bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epstein Barr Virus in childhood and adolescent classical Hodgkin lymphoma in a French cohort of 301 patients
Authors: Pereira Victor , Boudjemaa Sabah , Besson Caroline , Leblanc Thierry , Rigaud Charlotte , Leruste Amaury , Garnier Nathalie , Lambilliotte Anne , Simonin Mathieu , Curtillet Catherine , Bonneau-Lagacherie Jacinthe , L'HERMINE Aurore COULOMB , Landman-Parker Judith
Published: May 2021

To analyze the role of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in the biological and
clinical characteristics of patients treated for classic Hodgkin
lymphoma (cHL) in France. Bio-pathological data of 301 patients treated
for a cHL in or according to the protocol of the EuroNet PHL-C1 trial
between November 2008 and February 2013 were centrally reviewed. Median
age at diagnosis was 14 [3-18] years and the F/M ratio 0.86, 0.47
before 10 years and 0.9 from 11 to 18. CHL subtypes were nodular
sclerosis for 266/301 (88%) patients, mixed cellularity for 22/301
(7%), lymphocyte rich for 2/301 (1%), and 11/301 were unclassified.
EBV expression in situ (EBV cHL) was observed for 68/301 (23%)
patients, significantly associated with MC subtype and male gender, and
there was a trend with age <10 years, it was particularly
overrepresented in boys below 10 years: 15/23 (65%) vs 28/139 among
other male patients (20%). Event-free and overall survival were
equivalent between EBV and non-EBV cHL patients. EBV viral load was
tested for 108/301 patients and detectable in 22/108 (22%) cases. A
positive viral load was overrepresented in EBV cHL versus non-EBV cHL
patients: 13/28 (46%) vs 9/80 (11%). Detailed semi-quantitative
histological analysis showed a high number of B-cell residual follicles
in EBV cHL and no significant association with CD 20 or PAX 5
immunostaining in tumoral cells relative to EBV-negative HL.
Distribution of EBV cHL in children and adolescents is associated with
young age and male gender, suggesting a specific physiopathology and may
require a differential therapeutic approach.
Does innovation co-move with FDI? Evidence from OECD countries
Authors: Chang Chun-Ping
Published: May 2021

In this study, the panel co-integration test combined with structural breaks was used to explore the long-term co-movement between FDI and patent and trademark applications, in accordance with 33 OECD countries from 1999 to 2018. The robust results demonstrate that both innovation variables including patent and trademark co-move with FDI in the OECD sample. Furthermore, this long-term co-movement of FDI and innovation experiences some structural breaks during the period 2003-2010. Finally, there is a long-term co-movement between FDI inflows and innovation activity in OECD countries.
Peripheral Insulin Regulates a Broad Network of Gene Expression in Hypothalamus, Hippocampus, and Nucleus Accumbens
Authors: Cai Weikang , Zhang Xuemei , Batista Thiago M. , García-Martín Rubén , Softic Samir , Wang Guoxiao , Ramirez Alfred K. , Konishi Masahiro , O’Neill Brian T. , Kim Jong Hun , Kim Jason K. , Kahn C. Ronald
Published: May 2021

The brain is now recognized as an insulin-sensitive tissue; however, the role of changing insulin concentrations in the peripheral circulation in gene expression in the brain is largely unknown. Here, we performed a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp on 3-month-old male C57BL/6 mice for 3 h. We show that, in comparison with results in saline-infused controls, increases in peripheral insulin within the physiological range regulate expression of a broad network of genes in the brain. Insulin regulates distinct pathways in the hypothalamus (HTM), hippocampus, and nucleus accumbens. Insulin shows its most robust effect in the HTM and regulates multiple genes involved in neurotransmission, including upregulating expression of multiple subunits of GABA-A receptors, Na+ and K+ channels, and SNARE proteins; differentially modulating glutamate receptors; and suppressing multiple neuropeptides. Insulin also strongly modulates metabolic genes in the HTM, suppressing genes in the glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathways, while increasing expression of genes regulating pyruvate dehydrogenase and long-chain fatty acyl-CoA and cholesterol biosynthesis, thereby rerouting of carbon substrates from glucose metabolism to lipid metabolism required for the biogenesis of membranes for neuronal and glial function and synaptic remodeling. Furthermore, based on the transcriptional signatures, these changes in gene expression involve neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and endothelial cells. Thus, peripheral insulin acutely and potently regulates expression of a broad network of genes involved in neurotransmission and brain metabolism. Dysregulation of these pathways could have dramatic effects in normal physiology and diabetes.
The Impact of Frailty on the Effectiveness and Safety of Intensive Glucose Control and Blood Pressure–Lowering Therapy for People With Type 2 Diabetes: Results From the ADVANCE Trial
Authors: Nguyen Tu N. , Harris Katie , Woodward Mark , Chalmers John , Cooper Mark , Hamet Pavel , Harrap Stephen , Heller Simon , MacMahon Stephen , Mancia Giuseppe , Marre Michel , Poulter Neil , Rogers Anthony , Williams Bryan , Zoungas Sophia , Chow Clara K. , Lindley Richard I.
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE

To develop a frailty index (FI) and explore the relationship of frailty to subsequent adverse outcomes on the effectiveness and safety of more intensive control of both blood glucose and blood pressure (BP), among participants with type 2 diabetes in the Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron Modified Release Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE) trial.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the effectiveness and safety of intensive glucose control and BP intervention according to frailty (defined as FI >0.21) status. The primary outcomes were macro- and microvascular events. The secondary outcomes were all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, severe hypoglycemia, and discontinuation of BP treatment due to hypotension/dizziness.

RESULTS

There were 11,140 participants (mean age, 65.8 years; 42.5% women, 25.7% frail). Frailty was an independent predictor of all primary outcomes and secondary outcomes. The effect of intensive glucose treatment on primary outcomes showed some evidence of attenuation in the frail: hazard ratios for combined major macro- and microvascular events 1.03 (95% CI 0.90–1.19) in the frail versus 0.84 (95% CI 0.74–0.94) in the nonfrail (P = 0.02). A similar trend was observed with BP intervention. Severe hypoglycemia rates (per 1,000 person-years) were higher in the frail: 8.39 (6.15–10.63) vs. 4.80 (3.84–5.76) in nonfrail (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in discontinuation of BP treatment between frailty groups.

CONCLUSIONS

It was possible to retrospectively estimate frailty in a trial population, and this FI identified those at higher risk of poor outcomes. Participants with frailty had some attenuation of benefit from intensive glucose-lowering and BP-lowering treatments.
Beyond A1C—Standardization of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Reporting: Why It Is Needed and How It Continues to Evolve
Authors: Beck Roy W. , Bergenstal Richard M.
Published: May 2021

Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems are becoming part of standard care for type 1 diabetes, and their use is increasing for type 2 diabetes. Consensus has been reached on standardized metrics for reporting CGM data, with time in range of 70–180 mg/dL and time below 54 mg/dL recognized as the key metrics of focus for diabetes management. The ambulatory glucose profile report has emerged as the standard for visualization of CGM data and will continue to evolve to incorporate other elements such as insulin, food, and exercise data to support glycemic management.
Beyond A1C: A Practical Approach to Interpreting and Optimizing Continuous Glucose Data in Youth
Authors: Al-Gadi Iman , Menon Sruthi , Lyons Sarah K. , DeSalvo Daniel J.
Published: May 2021

Despite significant pharmacological and technological advances in the treatment of type 1 diabetes, the majority of youth in the United States do not meet the American Diabetes Association’s recommended A1C goal. Understanding and managing glycemic variability is important in children and adolescents. Because A1C provides an incomplete picture of day-to-day glycemic fluctuations, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)-derived metrics are a promising addition to address glycemic management challenges in youth with diabetes. In this article, we discuss how to develop practical strategies to optimize the use of CGM in the pediatric population, interpret the valuable data it provides, and develop personalized and actionable treatment goals.
Time in Range as a Research Outcome Measure
Authors: Timmons Joseph G. , Boyle James G. , Petrie John R.
Published: May 2021

Time in range (TIR) is gaining ground as an outcome measure in type 1 diabetes trials. However, inclusion of TIR raises several issues for trial design. In this article, the authors begin by defining TIR and describing the current international consensus around TIR targets. They then expand on evidence for the validity of TIR as a primary clinical trial outcome before concluding with some practical, ethical, and logistical implications.
Associations of Systolic Blood Pressure and Diastolic Blood Pressure With the Incidence of Coronary Artery Disease or Cerebrovascular Disease According to Glucose Status
Authors: Yamada Mayuko Harada , Fujihara Kazuya , Kodama Satoru , Sato Takaaki , Osawa Taeko , Yaguchi Yuta , Yamamoto Masahiko , Kitazawa Masaru , Matsubayashi Yasuhiro , Yamada Takaho , Seida Hiroyasu , Ogawa Wataru , Sone Hirohito
Published: May 2021

Aims: To
determine associations of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood
pressure (DBP) with new-onset coronary artery disease (CAD) or cerebrovascular
disease (CVD) according to glucose status.

Research Design and
Methods: Examined was a nationwide claims database from 2008 –
2016 on 593,196 individuals. Cox proportional hazards model identified
risks of CAD and CVD events among 5 levels of SBP and DBP.

Results: During
the study period 2,240 CAD and 3,207 CVD events occurred. Compared with SBP
≤119 mmHg, which was the lowest quintile of SBP, hazard ratios (HRs) (95%
confidence interval) for CAD/CVD in the 4 higher quintiles (120-129, 130-139,
140-149, ≥150 mmHg) gradually increased from 2.10 (1.73 to 2.56)/ 1.46 (1.27 to
1.68) in quintile 2 to 3.21 (2.37 to 4.34)/4.76 (3.94 to 5.75) in quintile 5 for
normoglycemia; from 1.39 (1.14 to 1.69)/1.70 (1.44 to 2.10) in quintile 2 to
2.52 (1.95 to 3.26)/4.12 (3.38 to 5.02) in quintile 5 for borderline glycemia;
and from 1.50 (1.19 to 1.90)/1.72 (1.31 to 2.26) in quintile 2 to 2.52 (1.95 to
3.26)/3.54 (2.66 to 4.70) in quintile 5 for diabetes. A similar trend was
observed for DBP across 4 quintiles (75-79, 80-84, 85-89, ≥90 mmHg) compared
with ≤74 mmHg, which was the lowest quintile.

Conclusions: Results
indicated that cardiovascular risks
gradually increased with increases in SBP and DBP regardless of
the presence of and degree of a glucose abnormality. Further interventional
trials are required to apply findings from this cohort study to clinical
practice.
Peripheral Insulin Regulates a Broad Network of Gene Expression in the Hypothalamus, Hippocampus and Nucleus Accumbens
Authors: Cai Weikang , Zhang Xuemei , Batista Thiago M. , García-Martín Rubén , Softic Samir , Wang Guoxiao , Ramirez Alfred K. , Konishi Masahiro , O’Neill Brian T. , Kim Jong Hun , Kim Jason K. , Kahn C. Ronald
Published: May 2021

The brain is now recognized as an insulin
sensitive tissue, however, the role of changing insulin concentrations in the
peripheral circulation on gene expression in the brain is largely unknown. Here
we perform hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp on 3-month-old male C57BL/6 mice
for 3 hours. We show that increases in peripheral insulin within the
physiological range regulate expression of a broad network of gene expression
in the brain compared with saline-infused controls. Insulin regulates distinct
pathways in the hypothalamus, hippocampus and nucleus accumbens. Insulin shows its
most robust effect in the hypothalamus and regulates multiple genes involved in
neurotransmission, including up-regulating expression of multiple subunits of
GABA-A receptors, Na+ and K+ channels, and SNARE proteins;
differentially modulating glutamate receptors; and suppressing multiple
neuropeptides. Insulin also strongly modulates metabolic genes in the
hypothalamus, suppressing genes in the glycolysis and pentose phosphate
pathways, while increasing expression of genes regulating pyruvate
dehydrogenase and long-chain fatty acyl-CoA and cholesterol biosynthesis,
thereby rerouting of carbon substrates from glucose metabolism to lipid
metabolism required for the biogenesis of membranes for neuronal and glial
function and synaptic remodeling. Furthermore, based on the transcriptional
signatures, these changes in gene expression involve neurons, astrocytes,
oligodendrocytes, microglia and endothelial cells. Thus, peripheral insulin
acutely and potently regulates expression of a broad network of genes involved
in neurotransmission and brain metabolism. Dysregulation of these pathways
could have dramatic effects in normal physiology and diabetes.
Application of Lipid Fractions of Indigenous Spices in Unpasteurized Fruit Juices System: Increase Storage Expectancy
Authors: A Mehboob
Published: May 2021

Because of rise in the demand of fresh produce and their products, consumers select safe and natural preservatives over chemical ones. Hence the point of this examination was to investigate the antimicrobial analysis of lipid fractions against microbial contaminants in fruit juices vended in University of Karachi. Eight different juices were collected and ethanolic and methanolic extract of four different lipid fractions were used to test the antimicrobial activity to ensure the food safety. The uncountable microbial load (log 2.653) were decreased to less than half of its initial count with a significant difference (P<0.05). Ethanolic and methanolic lipid fractions showed promising results in tested juice environment with as high as 99.775% reduction. The tested lipid fractions exhibited significant antimicrobial activity on the selected fruit juices that have acidic pH. Therefore, we propose the application of culinary lipid fractions in fruit juices as natural alternatives to extend their shelf lives.
Haemolysin and Shigella Toxin Production in Multidrug Resistant Escherichia Coli Pathotypes from Clinical Specimens
Authors: MY Iliyasu
Published: May 2021

The acquisition and dissemination of virulent traits represent a survival advantage to bacterial pathogens. Drug resistance is on the rise among E. coli strains that cause human infections. Proper selection of antimicrobial treatment depends on the susceptibility test outcomes. A total of 178 bacterial isolates were phenotypically screened for Haemolysin and Shigatoxin production, then to obtain Multidrug Resistant (MDR) E. coli . Twelve isolates were identified and selected based on the ability to grow on Luria-Bertani (LB) agar medium containing 100μg/ml Ampicillin. The isolates, coded as; U01, U02, U03, U04, U08, U10 and U11 were from urine specimens, S05, S06, S07 and S12 from stool, while B09 was from blood. The isolates were screened for multidrug resistant pattern according to Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Genes hlyA and stx1 encoding the virulence factors; Haemolysin A and Shigatoxin1 was PCR amplified and sequenced. All the isolates were resistant to Ampicillin, Cephalothin, Erythromycin, Fusidic acid, Novobiocin and Oxacillin, but sensitive to Colistin sulphate and Imipenem. Nine isolates (75%) are sensitive to Augmentin. All the virulence genes ( hlyA and stx1 ) are present in isolates S07 and U08. The isolates (75%) produced 2 to 4 of each of the genes indicating a strong relationship in determining multidrug resistance. Haemolysin ( hlyA ) was the most common (66.7%) gene in urine, stool and blood isolates. Most of the virulence genes sequence (61.8%) in this study had significant alignment (95 to 100% homology) with E.coli genome in the NCBI database. This study revealed the interplay of drug resistance and virulence at genetic levels, so advocate for further identification of the mechanisms regulating the expression of these traits, to improve the management of bacterial infections.
Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance in Enterobacter Spp Isolated at the Yaounde University Teaching Hospital from January 2008 to November 2019
Authors: HG Kamga
Published: May 2021

Purpose: A study was conducted to evaluate the evolution of the resistance of Enterobacter spp to antibiotics during twelve years and to update the data. Method: A retro-prospective study was carried from January 2008 to November 2019. Data was extracted from the registers of the bacteriology laboratory and the strains from samples received from the different units of the YUTH. The study of the antibiotic resistance profile of these species and phenotypic analysis was carried out by the method of discs diffusion in Mueller-Hinton agar. Phenotypic characterization was carried out by synergy test and modified Hodge test. Findings: A total of 109 strains were isolated in our study. Enterobacter species showed high resistance with a peak in 2012 for cephalosporins, in 2011 for aminoglycosides, in 2018 for quinolones, in 2019 for carbapenems with the frequencies of 80%, 45%, 37% and 36,1% respectively. These species exhibited 30% resistance to colistin. The resistance peak to the majority of antibiotics between 2018 and 2019 reflects an increase of resistance. The Extended Spectrum  - Lactamases (ESBL) phenotype was the most represented with frequency of 32.4%. Unique contri bution to theory, practice and policy: To Update the data on the evolution of Enterobacter spp, which will help to establish a surveillance strategy in Cameroonand adapt an adequate treatment regimen.
Linking National Immigration Data to Provincial Repositories: The case of Canada
Authors: Urquia Marcelo , Walld Randy , Wanigaratne Susitha , Eze Nkiruka , Azimaee Mahmoud , McDonald James Ted , Guttmann Astrid
Published: May 2021

BackgroundCanadian health data repositories link datasets at the provincial level, based on their residents’ registrations to provincial health insurance plans. Linking national datasets with provincial health care registries poses several challenges that may result in misclassification and impact the estimation of linkage rates. A recent linkage of a federal immigration database in the province of Manitoba illustrates these challenges.
Objectivesa) To describe the linkage of the federal Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada Permanent Resident (IRCC-PR) database with the Manitoba healthcare registry and b) compare data linkage methods and rates between four Canadian provinces accounting for interprovincial mobility of immigrants.
MethodsWe compared linkage rates by immigrant’s province of intended destination (province vs. rest of Canada). We used external nationwide immigrant tax filing records to approximate actual settlement and obtain linkage rates corrected for interprovincial mobility.
ResultsThe immigrant linkage rates in Manitoba before and after accounting for interprovincial mobility were 84.8% and 96.1, respectively. Linkage rates did not substantially differ according to immigrants’ characteristics, with a few exceptions. Observed linkage rates across the four provinces ranged from 74.0% to 86.7%. After correction for interprovincial mobility, the estimated linkage rates increased >10 percentage points for the provinces that stratified by intended destination (British Columbia and Manitoba) and decreased up to 18 percentage points for provinces that could not use immigration records of those who did not intend to settle in the province (New Brunswick and Ontario).
ConclusionsDespite variations in methodology, provincial linkage rates were relatively high. The use of a national immigration dataset for linkage to provincial repositories allows a more comprehensive linkage than that of province-specific subsets. Observed linkage rates can be biased downwards by interprovincial migration, and methods that use external data sources can contribute to assessing potential selection bias and misclassification.
Strategic Pathology of Sports and Youth Departments of Hamadan Province in the Field of Sports Based on the SWOT Model, Iran
Authors: Azizi Bisotoon , Monem Rasoul , Mohammadi Mohammad
Published: May 2021

This study's purpose was to understand the strategic pathology of sports and youth departments of Hamadan province, Iran, based on the SWOT model. The research  method is a survey. The method used was a survey, and a sample was made up of  135 people. 12 sports experts confirmed questionnaire validity (Alpha Cronbach α = 0.89). The analysis compares the averages and Friedman test and to determine the strategic position, internal factor evaluation matrices (IFE), external factor evaluation (EFE), and internal and external matrix (IE). In this regard, it is concluded that; Hamadan sports policymakers and those involved in sports should focus more on using the existing opportunities by using their internal strengths in two areas: public sports and championships.
Tipologias de Empreendedores Acadêmicos e Limites e Possibilidades da Integração com Empresas e o Estado
Authors: Silva Celso Fraga da , Ramos Filho Américo da Costa , Renault Thiago Borges , Fonseca Marcus Vinícius de Araújo , Yates Sérgio
Published: May 2021

Este artigo objetiva explorar perspectivas alternativas de tipologias de empreendedorismo acadêmico. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, de caráter exploratório, com orientação fenomenológica e hermenêutica e com utilização da técnica amostral bola de neve para recrutamento dos entrevistados. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram constituídos por 15 acadêmicos de duas universidades públicas do estado do Rio de Janeiro, que, de alguma forma, exerceram ou tentaram exercer atividades de empreendedorismo acadêmico e/ou se autodeclaram empreendedores de acordo com suas representações cognitivas do fenômeno. Optou-se pela utilização de entrevistas semiestruturadas conversacionais em profundidade, como a técnica de coleta de dados. As conclusões da pesquisa dão algumas pistas sobre os caminhos plurais do processo de produção, difusão e comercialização do conhecimento.
Modelo de análise de carreiras: um estudo junto a profissionais de Tecnologia da Informação
Authors: Souza Élida Patrícia
Published: May 2021

Com a evolução do campo de TI, os profissionais têm mais possibilidades de desenvolvimento de carreira, sendo influenciados por aspectos individuais, organizacionais e contextuais.  Nesta  perspectiva,  foi realizada pesquisa descritivo-qualitativa, junto a 30 profissionais de TI atuantes em Minas Gerais, com o objetivo de construir um Modelo de Análise de Carreira para esses profissionais. O Modelo construído sugere que é importante considerar o momento da escolha profissional, a formação e a postura exigidas, assim como as condições da profissão de TI.
Liderança sustentável sob a perspectiva de profissionais da área de Recursos Humanos de empresas do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Maia Lucas De Oliveira , Froehlich Cristiane , Konrath Karoline
Published: May 2021

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo verificar a perspectiva dos profissionais da área de recursos humanos de empresas situadas nos Vales do Sinos e Paranhana no Rio Grande do Sul sobre o tema liderança sustentável. A pesquisa classifica-se em descritiva, levantamento, quantitativa e qualitativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de um questionário. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstram que os profissionais da área de recursos humanos ainda precisam conhecer o conceito de liderança sustentável. No que diz respeito às responsabilidades do líder sustentável, verificou-se que a mais pontuada pelos respondentes, refere-se à responsabilidade do líder em criar ações sustentáveis, preocupando-se com o meio em que está inserido. Com relação às características do líder sustentável, as mais pontuadas foram: estratégico, para introduzir a sustentabilidade na estratégia e na cultura da organização; e proatividade para se engajar com as iniciativas de sustentabilidade.
Estresse ocupacional no contexto de trabalho dos auditores independentes
Authors: Vilhena Sarah Maria Rodrigues de , Machado Diego De Queiroz , Silva Filho José Carlos Lázaro da , Carneiro Juliana Vieira Corrêa , Muniz Joel Isaac Guimarães
Published: May 2021

A busca por atender diferentes demandas e pressões relacionadas a uma rotina típica do estilo de vida moderno pode resultar em diversas consequências biopsicossociais em função do estresse. Nesse contexto, esta pesquisa quantitativa do tipo survey visa investigar características do estresse ocupacional no trabalho dos auditores independentes. Para obtenção de dados, utilizou-se de questionário estruturado a partir do Inventário de Sintomas de Stress de Lipp, das Escalas de Coping Ocupacional e de Bem-Estar no Trabalho. Como resultado, pode-se identificar uma predominância de indivíduos na fase resistência de estresse e o maior número de sintomas em profissionais no início da carreira.
Carreiras femininas: uma revisão sistemática sobre trajetórias profissionais
Authors: Bacelar Ananda Silveira , Campos Alyce Cardoso , Cappelle Mônica Carvalho Alves , Carvalho Flaviana Andrade de Pádua , Rezende Daniel Carvalho
Published: May 2021

Carreiras femininas, desde meados de 1970, têm representado um tema em ascensão. O objetivo deste estudo consiste em mapear quais carreiras desenvolvidas por mulheres têm sido menos abordadas pelos estudos em Administração, a fim de identificar os contextos de atuação que obtiveram pouca atenção dos pesquisadores. Uma revisão sistemática foi realizada analisando artigos das bases Web of Science e Scopus. A principal contribuição consiste em demonstrar as carreiras que já possuem um corpo teórico robusto e as que são marginalizadas pelos estudos em Administração. Nesse sentido, apresentamos direcionamentos de estudos futuros para compreender melhor o desenvolvimento de tais carreiras.
Peculiarities of NMR 13C spectra of benzoic acid and alkylbenzoates. II. Regular spectra differences between benzoic fragments of alkylbenzoates, derivatives of primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols
Authors:   Ukrainian Academy of Printing, Lviv, Ukraine, Mizyuk Volodymyr , Shibanov Volodymyr ,   Ukrainian Academy of Printing, Lviv, Ukraine, Kobrin Lesja ,   Ivan Franko National University, Lviv, Ukraine, Marshalok Galyna ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine, Elagin Georgiy ,   Cherkasy Institute of Fire Safety, Cherkasy, Ukraine
Published: May 2021

Differential spectral parameters δС of some primary, secondary, and tertiary alkylbenzoates have been calculated. Such parameters are the differences between the two basic spectral parameters – δС values in NMR 13C spectra. The effective usage of differential spectral parameters has been shown using particular spectral task for primary alkylbenzoates as an example.
Synthesis and characterization studies of organically soluble acrylic acid doped polydiphenylamine
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Nowrosjee Wadia College Pune-411 001, India, Chabukswar Vasant , Athawale Anjali ,   Department of Chemistry, University of Pune-411 007, India
Published: May 2021

Polydiphenylamine (PDPA) doped with acrylic acid was synthesized by oxidative chemical polymerization. This is a new chemical polymerization method developed for the direct synthesis of emeraldine salt form of polydiphenylamine which exhibits remarkably improved solubility in a common organic solvent. These polymers have been characterized by the physical techniques such as UV-visible, FTIR, XRD and conductivity measurement. The results are discussed with reference to the H2SO4 doped polydiphenylamine. The use of functionalized acrylic acid (AA) made it possible to obtain the polymer in doped state with enhanced solubility in organic solvent such as N-methyl pyrrolidinone (NMP) and m-cresol directly without converting to emeraldine base form. The UV-visible spectra of acrylic acid doped PDPA in m-cresol showed a free carrier tail commencing at 950 nm, which may be attributed to secondary doping due to extended coil conformation. Whereas in NMP spectra excitonic peak at ~ 320 nm and 610 nm typical for emeraldine base form indicates that NMP dose hinders the doping ability of dopant. The FTIR spectra shows a broad and intense band at ~ 3400 cm–1 and 1150–1050 cm–1 in acrylic acid doped PDPA account for the higher doping level than H2SO4 doped polydiphenylamine polymers. This is further manifested by the X-ray studies and conductivity measurement. The X-ray diffractograms of acrylic acid doped polymer show an enhancement in the crystallinity indicating better ordered chain alignment. These results are well supported by the conductivity measurements, where the conductivity of acrylic acid doped polymers is greater than that of H2SO4 doped polymers.
Smart conductive inks
Authors:   Centro de Fisica Aplicada y Tecnologia Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Boulevard Juriquilla 3001, Santiago de Queretaro, Queretaro, Mexico, Rangel Jose , del-Real Alicia ,   Centro de Fisica Aplicada y Tecnologia Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Boulevard Juriquilla 3001, Santiago de Queretaro, Queretaro, Mexico, Castano Victor ,   Centro de Fisica Aplicada y Tecnologia Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Boulevard Juriquilla 3001, Santiago de Queretaro, Queretaro, Mexico
Published: May 2021

A novel conductive ink, suitable for employment in a pressure-sensitive automatic system, was prepared and characterized via scanning electron microscopy, FTIR and differential scanning calorimetry. The ink was obtained as a composite by mixing a solution of ethyl acrylate-methyl acrylate (50/50 ratio) copolymer and carbon black and graphite into a solvent standard for acrylic polymers. The ink average electrical resistance ranges from 40 ohms/cm to 150 ohms/cm.
State protection and implementation of civil rights in russian law enforcement
Authors: Metsger Andrey A.
Published: May 2021

The article aims at studying the guarantees of civil rights in terms of their constitutional and industry-based specifics. The main method used in this article was the deductive method that allowed studying the legal nature and specifics of state protection, as well as the guarantees of civil rights in law enforcement (as exemplified by the Russian Federation). The article has proved that the theoretical issue of effective state protection and civil rights implementation in Russian law enforcement remains unresolved. The study has revealed that law enforcement is effective when the principles of social justice, legality, reasonableness, and expediency are observed. Thus, social justice is not the only problem of modern law enforcement: law enforcement activities must comply with the principles of legality, fairness, expediency, and validity. Under the current conditions (with due regard to the current development of legal awareness and legal culture), law enforcement officers should meet the principles of legality and validity when deciding. Only such an attitude can help achieve a long-term perspective in law enforcement, i.e. to ensure fairness in decision-making.
Whitening Agent : Mekanisme, Sumber dari Alam dan Teknologi Formulasinya
Authors: Soyata Amelia , Chaerunisaa Anis Yohana
Published: May 2021

Sekarang ini adanya keinginan alamiah untuk tampil cantik khususnya pada kaum wanita telah meningkatkan kesadaran tentang pentingnya perawatan kulit dan warnanya, untuk itu upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah memutihkan kulit dengan menekan produksi melanin menggunakan whitening agent, sehingga dilakukan penulisan artikel review ini dengan tujuan mengetahui jenis-jenis whitening agent, mekanismenya dan penggunaan teknologi formulasinya. Beberapa contoh whitening agent yaitu hydroquinone, ascorbic acid, kojic acid, arbutin, niacinamide, retinoid, azelaic acid, namun beberapa zat ini dapat menimbulkan permasalahan pada kulit seperti iritasi, dermatitis, alergi dan kanker kulit sehingga sekarang ini dapat digunakan whitening agent dari alam yang minim efek samping seperti  temulawak, cendana,  teripang, dan prunus. Mekanisme utama whitening agent adalah menghambat enzim tirosinasedan, dan untuk memaksimalkan efek whitening pada kulit telah  dikembangkan teknologi formulasi menggunakan beberapa metode penghantaran seperti liposom, nanopartikel, solid lipid nanopartikel dan mikroemulsi.
El cuerpo utópico de los gais. Masculinidad, blanquitud y deseo en Tijuana
Authors: Caraballo Pablo
Published: May 2021

Resumen: El artículo analiza las interacciones de ligue entre hombres gais en la ciudad Tijuana. Parte del supuesto de que la masculinidad no es una característica que condiciona por sí misma el deseo gay, sino que el valor de dicha masculinidad depende de principios de distinción y jerarquización que conectan esas interacciones con estructuras y relaciones de poder más amplias. El texto retoma los resultados de una investigación etnográfica en la que se emplearon la entrevista itinerante y en profundidad, así como la “observación libre” en espacios físicos y en línea, con énfasis en la plataforma Grindr. Se recurre a las categorías con las que los propios sujetos hacen inteligible su deseo, para observar desde allí la intermediación entre la lógica y el sentido particular de sus actuaciones, por un lado, y las estructuras simbólicas y materiales que a su vez las limitan y posibilitan, por otro.
PEMBAGIAN KEWENANGAN KEPALA DAERAH DAN WAKIL KEPALA DAERAH DALAM PENYELENGGARAAN PEMERINTAHAN
Authors: Risal Risal , Munawir La Ode
Published: May 2021

In the development of state administration after the second amendment to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, it gave birth to Regional Heads who were elected democratically. In a democratic manner based on Law no. 23/2014, the regional head is elected directly by the people along with the deputy regional head. Regional Heads and Deputy Regional Heads carry out decentralized government affairs based on the powers they have as regulated in Article 65 and Article 66 of Law no. 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government. This division of attribution authority is seen as one of the causes of conflict between the regional head and the deputy regional head in carrying out government affairs. Therefore, the division of authority for regional heads and deputy regional heads must be reviewed. In addition, the division of authority can also be done by way of delegation or mandate. The division of authority through delegation is stipulated by Regional Regulation (Article 13 Paragraph (2) letter b of Law No. 30 of 2014), while the distribution of authority through the mandate is stipulated by a Regional Head Decree (Article 66 Paragraph (2) of Law No. 23 of 2014).
Entornos de desarrollo y aplicación de las competencias en el Practicum del grado en Pedagogía de la Universidad de Barcelona
Authors: Aneas Álvarez Assumpta , Vilà Baños Ruth
Published: May 2021

Se presentan resultados parciales de un estudio desarrollado en el Practicum del grado de Pedagogía de la Universidad de Barcelona. Se analizan los Seminarios de Práctica Reflexiva, el Portafolio y la tutoría individualizada como entornos de aprendizaje con gran potencial de desarrollo y evaluación de competencias, mediante un estudio por encuesta aplicado al alumnado y a los tutores de universidad. Los resultados obtenidos han destacado valoraciones positivas sobre estos entornos.
Evaluation of computer-aided design software methods for assessment of the three-dimensional geometry of the canine radius
Authors: Park Karen M. , Marcellin-Little Denis J. , Garcia Tanya C.
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE

To describe methods to measure the 3-D orientation of the proximal, diaphyseal, and distal segments of the canine radius by use of computer-aided design software (CADS) and to compare the repeatability and reliability of measurements derived by those methods.

SAMPLE

31 canine radii with biapical deformities and 24 clinically normal (control) canine radii.

PROCEDURES

Select CT scans of radii were imported into a CADS program. Cartesian coordinate systems for the humerus and proximal, diaphyseal, and distal radial segments were developed. The orientation of each radial segment in the frontal, sagittal, and transverse planes was measured in triplicate by 3 methods. The repeatability and reliability of those measurements were calculated and compared among the 3 measurement methods.

RESULTS

The mean ± SD within-subject repeatability of radial angular measurements for all 3 methods was 1.40 ± 0.67° in the frontal plane, 3.17 ± 2.21° in the sagittal plane, and 3.01 ± 1.11° in the transverse plane for control radii and 2.56 ± 1.95° in the frontal plane, 3.59 ± 2.39° in the sagittal plane, and 3.47 ± 1.19° in the transverse plane for abnormal radii. Mean ± SD bias between radial measurement methods was 1.88 ± 2.07° in the frontal plane, 6.44 ± 6.80° in the sagittal plane, and 2.27 ± 2.81° in the transverse plane.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results indicated that use of CADS to assess the 3-D orientation of the proximal, diaphyseal, and distal segments of normal and abnormal canine radii yielded highly repeatable and reliable measurements.
Evaluation of the in vitro effects of local anesthetics on equine chondrocytes and fibroblast-like synoviocytes
Authors: Adler Ditte M. T. , Frellesen Jeppe F. , Karlsen Christoffer V. , Jensen Line D. , Dahm Anne S. Q. , Berg Lise C.
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the in vitro effects of clinically relevant concentrations of the local anesthetics (LAs) bupivacaine, lidocaine, lidocaine with preservative (LP), mepivacaine, and ropivacaine on equine chondrocyte and fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) viability.

SAMPLE

Chondrocytes and FLSs of the metacarpophalangeal joints of 4 healthy adult horses.

PROCEDURES

Viability of chondrocytes and FLSs was determined with 3 assays: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and trypan blue (TB) exclusion (only FLS). Viability was assessed after 30- and 60-minute exposures to 0.0625%, 0.125%, and 0.25% bupivacaine; 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1% lidocaine; 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1% LP; 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1% mepivacaine; and 0.125%, 0.25%, and 0.5% ropivacaine.

RESULTS

Viability of chondrocytes was significantly decreased with exposure to 0.25% bupivacaine, 1% lidocaine, 1% LP, 1% mepivacaine, and 0.25% ropivacaine. Viability of FLSs was significantly decreased with exposure to 0.25% bupivacaine, 1% mepivacaine, 1% LP, and 0.5% ropivacaine.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Clinically relevant concentrations of LAs had in vitro time- and concentration-dependent cytotoxicity for chondrocytes and FLSs isolated from the metacarpophalangeal joints of healthy horses. Bupivacaine was more toxic to chondrocytes than lidocaine, mepivacaine, and ropivacaine, whereas bupivacaine, LP, mepivacaine, and ropivacaine were more toxic to FLSs than preservative-free lidocaine. Several LAs may negatively affect chondrocyte and FLS viability.
Research on management and control strategy of E-bikes based on attribute reduction method
Authors: Yingfeng Li , Minghu Wang
Published: May 2021

The sports characteristics of E-bikes increase the conflict between traffic participants. In this paper, the criteria of E-bike traffic conflict are given according to time distance. Based on the rough set theory, the redundant rule reduction method is developed, and the following conclusions are drawn: 1. Signal lights and video monitoring points have little effect on alleviating the traffic conflict between e-vehicles and motor vehicles; 2. Setting isolation facilities, non-motor vehicle lanes and traffic police can effectively reduce the traffic conflict. The results show that this method can effectively analyse the main influencing factors of traffic conflict.
Assessing the Energy Intensity and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of the Traffic Services in a Selected Region
Authors: Skrúcaný Tomáš , Kendra Martin , Čechovič Tomáš , Majerník Filip , Pečman Jan
Published: May 2021

The consumption of internal combustion vehicles and the resulting emissions associated with their operation have been at the forefront in the development of the automotive industry in recent years. This development is supported and required by a number of public administration organizations. This research deals with the monitoring of selected parameters for different types of means of transport, while the unifying element is consumption and emissions per passenger. The aim of the research is to determine the optimal vehicle for passenger transport for selected transport between two specific cities in Slovakia, Europe. The research used methods of analysis of energy intensity and emissions of individual transport units, while fuel consumption in a particular transport relationship is a decisive evaluation factor, which includes the calculation of experimental measurements in a real traffic situation. The various data and diagrams provide relevant data on the fuel consumption values achieved by the experiment converted to fuel consumption. The research is given as an example, and its principle can be applied in other specific localities. it can be applied to others, they may also apply to other transport routes.
Das NetzDG in der praktischen Anwendung
Authors: Marc Liesching
Published: May 2021

Welche Auswirkungen hat das 2017 in Kraft getretene, von Beginn an umstrittene Netzwerkdurchsetzungsgesetz in der praktischen Anwendung? Welche Compliance-Strukturen haben die großen drei Sozialen Netzwerke Facebook, YouTube und Twitter in Bezug auf die Entfernung rechtswidriger Nutzerinhalte umgesetzt? Neben einer Darstellung und Bewertung bisheriger Studien, Monitoring-Berichte und NetzDG-Reports der Sozialen Netzwerke werden im vorliegenden dritten Band der Schriftenreihe auch mögliche Kriterien für ein “Overblocking” eruiert und subsumiert. Die Studie ist aus Anlass der von der Bundesregierung beauftragten NetzDG-Evaluation zusätzlich und unabhängig hiervon durchgeführt worden. Ihr liegt keine Beauftragung durch öffentliche oder private Stellen zugrunde.
Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 and innovative alternative methods based on optic fiber.
Authors: Nieto Callejas Maria Julia , Cardona-Maya Walter D , Isaza-Merino César A. , Yamile Cardona-Maya Yamile
Published: May 2021

This work shows a world overview of the SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic methods, analyzing their effectiveness and sensitivity. With a special emphasis on biosensors, specifically, those that are based on fiber-optic technology, explaining simply their operation and their ability to detect diseases such as SARS-CoV-2. With these technological advances, the clinical diagnosis will be made: faster, cheaper, and applied to patients in remote places where there are no hospitals or clinical laboratories, either due to poverty, geographic difficulties, or violence, factors found in Colombia.
Factibilidad de aplicación de la tecnología de recuperación mejorada de hidrocarburos con microorganismos (MEOR) en yacimientos del campo Pilón, distrito Morichal, estado Monagas
Authors: Mindiola Gladys Leonor , Flores Miguel , Rondón Asdruberlis E.
Published: May 2021

El presente trabajo de investigación surge en relación con las necesidades de la industria petrolera para producir aquellos yacimientos del Distrito Morichal, poseedores de altas reservas remanentes, donde MEOR simboliza una alternativa biotecnológica, efectiva y rentable que emplea la inyección de microorganismos como una estrategia adicional a los tratamientos convencionales de recuperación mejorada de hidrocarburos. Distintos campos petroleros situados en diversas partes del mundo han implementado este proceso con enfoques y expectativas similares, sin embargo, los resultados han tenido discrepancias, puesto que las bacterias se ven afectadas significativamente por las variaciones en las condiciones del subsuelo, es por ello, que se diseñó una metodología de selección de pozos candidatos para llevar a cabo esta técnica, donde se exhibe el ambiente más idóneo para tales fines, aunado a ello, se establecieron ciertas correlaciones a partir de programas estadísticos para predecir tanto el %AyS como el %FR, que representan aspectos importantes para cotejar y garantizar que tan factible puede ser el proceso MEOR en esta área potencialmente importante dentro del contexto petrolero, acotando que las mismas arrojaron estimaciones satisfactorias en los pozos particularmente en estudio pertenecientes al Campo Pilón, pues incidieron en promedio en un incremento del 38% en el factor de recobro y un descenso aproximado en el corte de agua de 16% proyectando expectativas optimistas referente al éxito de este proceso.
Desarrollo de un sistema de iluminación portátil alimentado por energía solar fotovoltaica: Caso de aplicación comunidad Chucheros-Buenaventura
Authors: Restrepo Alvarez Andrés Fernando , Bolivar Chaves Omar Fabian , Arias Catalina Muñoz , Villamil Villar Byron Iram
Published: May 2021

Este artículo presenta el desarrollo de un sistema de iluminación portátil alimentado por energía solar fotovoltaica para uso de la comunidad Chucheros-Buenaventura. Se tuvieron en cuenta las necesidades básicas de la comunidad y la disponibilidad de los recursos energéticos naturales, así como el uso de componentes amigables con el medio ambiente, portabilidad y multifuncionalidad del sistema de iluminación con el propósito de evaluar su impacto ambiental y autonomía energética. El análisis de diferentes materiales para la construcción de la carcasa del sistema logró evidenciar características favorables de la mezcla (50/50) de los materiales reciclados Polipropileno y Polietileno de alta densidad (PPr/PEADr) comparado con los demás, en cuanto a transferencia térmica y resistencia a impactos. Además, con la selección de los dispositivos electrónicos del sistema de iluminación se obtuvo una autonomía energética de aproximadamente 4 horas suministrando una corriente de 500 mA. Finalmente, el uso de tecnologías disponibles en nuestro contexto y el aprovechamiento de las energías renovables permitió el desarrollo de una luminaria solar portable que abre la posibilidad de realizar diferentes actividades básicas de las personas y aporta, no solo en el mejoramiento de la calidad de vida de estas en los hogares de las Zonas no Interconectadas (ZNI), sino también como alternativa tecnológica ambientalmente amigable de iluminación de uso general.
Método de funcionalización química para la obtención de óxido de grafeno adherido a la superficie de placas de grafito pirolítica de alta densidad por spray coating ácido
Authors: Camargo Amado Ruben Jesus , Sevilla-Abarca Martha E.
Published: May 2021

En los últimos años el óxido de grafeno ha sido motivo de estudio debido a sus propiedades electrónicas, magnéticas, térmicas y mecánicas. Este estudio presenta dos métodos diferentes de funcionalización química para la obtención óxidos de grafeno (GO) adheridos a una superficie de grafito pirolítico de alta densidad (HOPG) por spray coating ácido. Para el rociado en el primer método, se utilizaron dos ácidos fuertes (H2SO4 y HNO3). En el segundo método de rociado, se utilizaron tres ácidos fuertes (H2SO4/HNO3/HCl). Para los dos casos el intervalo de rociado fue de 2, 4 y 6 horas. Se caracterizaron las placas de HOPG mediante análisis de SEM–EDS, FTIR. Se pudo determinar la presencia de óxido de grafeno en la superficie de la placa. Este método demuestra la capacidad de funcionalizar la superficie del (HOPG), rompiendo su estructura sp2 y formando defectos donde se encuentran los grupos funcionales característicos del GO.