bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A percepção do empreendedor quanto as ferramentas de gestão: uma análise sobre diagnóstico organizacional e planejamento em Tomé-Açu
Authors: Araujo Edna Torres de , Gomes Fabrício Noura , Mendonça Gabriely Cabral , Santos Victória Lettícia Costa dos
Published: May 2024

A pesquisa objetiva analisar a percepção dos empreendedores quanto os benefícios das ferramentas de gestão, como diagnóstico organizacional e planejamento processual, fundamentais para impulsionar a competitividade, embora muitos ainda não as adotem. Metodologicamente o estudo adota uma abordagem qualitativa e descritiva, baseada em múltiplos casos com protocolos e entrevistas semiestruturadas, explorando bases científicas relevantes. Destaca-se a importância do diagnóstico e planejamento de processos para o sucesso empresarial, dessa forma reconhecendo que os empreendedores podem ser motivados por oportunidades de mercado ou necessidade de renda. Recomenda-se focar em estratégias de entrada no mercado, opções de financiamento como também empréstimos bancários, marketing, liderança, orientando os colaboradores a trabalhar por um propósito bem como trabalhar a cultura organizacional. Essas áreas são fundamentais no empreendedorismo, um campo vasto e em constante evolução, que demanda abertura para novas oportunidades de aprendizado e crescimento. Considerar esses aspectos é essencial para alcançar resultados sustentáveis e duradouros no sucesso empresarial regional.
Use of ChatGPT and Tripadvisor data for discovering positive and negative aspects of the BioParque Vale Amazônia and the Carajás National Forest between 2014 and 2022
Authors: Souza Alan Marcel Fernandes de , Brandão Afonso Cesar Lelis , Paolo Ítalo Flexa Di , Conte Thiago Nicolau Magalhães de Souza , Miranda Jéssica da Silva , Quinto Wanderson Alexandre da Silva
Published: May 2024

The BioParque Vale Amazônia and the Carajás National Forest are tourist attractions that have their gateway in the city of Parauapebas, southeast of the State of Pará, approximately 720 km from the capital, Belém. Many people visit these places daily, and a portion of them record reviews about their experiences on the internet. One of the platforms that collects such data is Tripadvisor, thus constituting it an important data source to understand the positive and negative aspects of these places, from the perspective of visitors. The aim of this study was to measure the degree of satisfaction and dissatisfaction of visitors to the BioParque and forest based on sentiment analysis, automatically conducted by ChatGPT, of 244 reviews extracted from Tripadvisor. Approximately 90% of the reviews for both places were classified as positive; about 4% as neutral, and around 6% as negative. These figures reflect how well-preserved the areas are. However, dissatisfaction regarding outdated information on the BioParque's website and the sanitation of some areas of the forest were reported. These results are valuable for supporting the management of these spaces and for the constant improvement of the visitor experience, that can monitor visitors’ perspectives over time, aiming to improve their experiences.
Standardisation of Decision Making in Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma Management: A Case Series
Authors: Somasundaram Soundappan , Narasimhan V Aravind , Christopher Pradeep Joshua , Natesan Anand Vijai , Chinnusamy Palanivelu
Published: May 2024

Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a very complex disease that requires the best multidisciplinary decisions. Improved outcomes are reported only in high-volume centres with good expertise and the latest technology in radiology for imaging and intervention, endoscopy, and surgery. However, in India, only very few centres have very good infrastructure for the same. Additionally, protocoldriven treatment is also not uniform in India. To fulfil this gap, authors believe that a strict, disciplined work-up of these complex cases is the only way to achieve optimal treatment. Authors propose a protocolised checklist involving multidisciplinary decisions for hilar CCA patients that could be used. This case series aims to assess the oncological outcome of hilar CCA using our checklist and, secondarily, to assess the immediate postoperative outcome and complications in these patients. Out of 20 patients, 13 underwent successful hepatectomy based on the decisions made. No mortality was noted in this case series. Two cases had a postoperative liver failure (Clavien Dindo 3A). All 13 patients had an R0 resection. The mean length of the tumour-free margin was 8.46 mm. Doing two-dimensional surgical simulation preoperatively and adhering to the special plane of transection helped in attaining R0 resection. Here, a small series of hilar CCA is presented which was managed successfully, signifying the importance of a protocol-based approach which can be easily adapted and reproduced.
Alcohol policy development in Sierra Leone: An assessment of the role of civil society
Authors: Jalloh Boi-Jeneh , Kamara Habib Taigore , Jalloh Alhassan , Ali Issah
Published: May 2024

Objective: To assess the value addition of  civil society collaboration with Government in the development of Sierra Leone’s National Alcohol Policy (NAP).
 
Policy Development Process: We reviewed the entire process of lobby, advocacy, and support for the development of the NAP from 2015 when the Siera Leone Alcohol Policy Alliance (SLAPA) was formed to the launch of the NAP in 2023. It also assesses the level of collaboration between FoRUT, SLAPA and Ministry of Health of Health and Sanitation (MoHS). The MoHS coordinated the policy formulation process with substantive technical support from civil society.      
 
Results: The quality of the NAP was rated high as it reflected appropriate policy areas and interventions from the Global Strategy to Reduce the Harmful Use of Alcohol,  the WHO SAFER initiative, and the Global Action Plan for Alcohol Control (202-2030). The NAP is a solid reference material for the development of a new alcohol bill.  MoHS recognized FoRUT and SLAPA as the national champions for alcohol control in the country. FoRUT, directly and through SLAPA influenced the process of developing the NAP and its quality through advocacy, collaboration and technical and financial support.
 
Conclusions: The development of the NAP in Sierra Leone truly reflects civil society-government collaboration, built on mutual trust and a common health and development agenda. Connecting national level lobby and advocacy with regional global advocacy actions to prioritize, influence, support, and monitor the alcohol control agenda is a critical catalyst for civil society to advancing the development of NAPs.
Design and Implementation of a Standardised Clinical Decision Support Algorithm for Fever
Authors: Ana P. O. , Edim A. E. , Ekah U. J. , Inyang G. A. , Ana F. P.
Published: May 2024

This study aims to design a decision support tool to assist in providing quality treatment that is consistent with World Health Organization (WHO) and Nigerian National guidelines. The system is designed to allow clinicians to administer care within their competent level working from one algorithm. The system will help them to identify emergencies associated with fever symptoms and to recommend stabilisation actions before a referral is made. This new system allows structured assessment of patients who should receive optimal care and improved data transmission to the next caregiver. In this study, we used an explanatory approach, starting with the quantitative data collection phase which is the administration of questionnaires and Pre and Post questionnaires followed by qualitative data from focus group discussions over the clinician experience using the Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS). Focus group discussions were performed to authenticate the quantitative data to have a more holistic view of the CDSS. Using elements of the decision support system together with the clinician's decision showed that the clinicians felt that they worked more systematically and communicated more effectively with others. They felt more professional when using the decision support system. 73% of clinicians reported using CDSS in almost every consultation and 93% used the CDSS in the majority of their consultations during the three-month testing period. The mean total test score before the CDSS was 2.5 and this increased by the end of the test period to a mean score of 9.6, an improvement of 74.4%.  The results of this study showed that with the help of a decision support system, patients were properly identified and stabilised before they were referred, and the clinicians stayed on their competency level. It allowed caregivers to interact professionally without bias. However, the decision support system requires more extensive testing to enhance the evidence base relating to the vital parameters and the use of the decision support system.
Women in Leadership: Examining Barriers to Women's Advancement in Leadership Positions
Authors: Thelma Chanda Chansa , Ngulube Loveness
Published: May 2024

Overview: This paper delves into the pervasive challenges hindering women's progression into leadership roles. The study was conducted in Lusaka district, the capital city of Zambia from which the participants were selected for the study from 6 different organizations, 3 private and 3 government institutions.
Body of Knowledge: Through a comprehensive review of existing literature and empirical evidence, it identifies key barriers impeding women's ascent to leadership positions across various sectors. The analysis encompasses societal, organizational, and individual factors contributing to the gender gap in leadership. Societal norms, biases, and cultural expectations often perpetuate gender stereotypes, creating systemic hurdles for women aspiring to leadership roles. Organizational structures and practices, including lack of mentorship opportunities, gender bias in hiring and promotion, and workplace discrimination, further exacerbate these barriers.
Methods: The total target population was 601. The sample size involved a total of 61 respondents, which was 10% of the target population. A mixed method approach was used in this study in combination with the descriptive survey design. Interviews and questionnaires were used to collect data. Qualitative and Quantitative techniques of data analysis was used, and data was presented on the analytical tools such as tables, figures and charts.
Results: The study findings indicated that deep-seated societal attitudes often favor men in leadership roles. Implicit biases, both conscious and unconscious, can lead to discriminatory practices in hiring, promotion, and performance evaluations. Similarly, the study found that women often encounter unequal opportunities for advancement, including limited access to high-profile projects, stretch assignments, and sponsorship from senior leaders. Without equal access to career-enhancing opportunities, women may struggle to develop the skills and experiences necessary for leadership roles.
Recommendation: Raising awareness and concerted efforts from various stakeholders, including policymakers, organizations, and individuals through implementing diversity and inclusion initiatives, promoting equitable hiring practices, and fostering supportive workplace cultures are crucial steps toward dismantling systemic barriers to women's leadership.
Critical Examination of the Factors that Contribute to Road Traffic Congestion in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Jonathan Olaniyi Ojo, , Adeolu Emmanuel Gbadegesin,
Published: May 2024

Road traffic congestion is a significant issue impacting productivity and increasing transportation costs globally, with severe implications in Lagos State. This study aimed to identify critical factors contributing to congestion, focusing on data collected from 353 employees across various haulage companies in Lagos. Data were primarily gathered through questionnaires and personal interviews, processed using descriptive statistics and factor analysis.
The factor analysis revealed key factors responsible for congestion. Specifically, poor road conditions were acknowledged by a substantial 90% of respondents as a primary factor exacerbating traffic congestion. Similarly, a significant 92.3% of participants identified the rapid increase in urban population as a crucial contributor. Contrary to expectations, the aging vehicle fleet was not considered a major factor, with 87.7% of respondents dismissing its impact. However, traffic flow timing, particularly during peak periods, was highlighted as a significant issue. Behavioral factors also play a role, with 78.1% of respondents citing poor driving habits as a major cause of congestion. Additionally, the need for better road maintenance was emphasized by 90.6% of the participants, suggesting infrastructural improvements as a key area for intervention. The study's findings underscore the multifaceted nature of traffic congestion in Lagos, influenced by both infrastructural shortcomings and behavioral issues. The study concludes that significant factors such as peak periods, a growing urban population, poor road conditions, and inadequate transport policies are pivotal in driving congestion in Lagos State. To address these challenges, it is recommended that freight companies optimize their vehicle scheduling and delivery timings to mitigate the impact of simultaneous heavy vehicle traffic. This strategic approach aims to enhance traffic management and contribute to more sustainable urban mobility solutions in Lagos State.
Aspirations for Higher Education among Mahadalit Students and Strategies for Overcoming Urban Marginalities in India
Authors: Kumar Amardeep
Published: May 2024

This paper seeks to understand the aspirations of first-generation learners for higher education and overcoming urban marginalisation in Indian higher education. It also aims to understand how students from the most disadvantaged social group, mahadalit, overcome their marginalities in accessing and obtaining higher education. Access and equity in higher education have been important goals for Indian policymakers and planners. The study, which is qualitative in nature and uses the ethnography method, provides a deep and nuanced understanding of the aspirations for higher education and Strategies for Overcoming Urban Marginalities among the mahadalit students in Bihar, India. Various educational and equalising programs focusing on disadvantaged groups have created aspirations among first-generation and marginalised learners like Mahadalit students. These mahadalit students are also from non-urban backgrounds and come to cities for higher education. In pursuing higher education, these students face social and economic marginality in their villages, schooling, and urban marginality. They use their social networks to find space at the transformative Dr B. R. Ambedkar hostel, which helps them sustain their higher education in the city. The Dr B. R. Ambedkar hostel becomes the site of educational and career aspirations for the mahadalit students in Bihar, India.
Concomitant Autoimmune Pancreatitis Type 2 and Colitis Ulcerosa in a 10 Years-Old Girl
Authors: Bittmann Stefan , Luchter Elisabeth , Moschüring-Alieva Elena
Published: May 2024

Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) has gained significant attention in recent years, with a notable increase in diagnoses due to the diagnostic utility of immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4). Despite the well-known IgG4-related type 1 AIP, a less recognized subtype known as type 2 AIP exists, which is distinct from type 1 AIP and not associated with IgG4. Type 2 AIP presents similar clinical symptoms and imaging findings as type 1 AIP, making its diagnosis challenging without specific serum markers. Tissue confirmation of neutrophilic injury to the pancreatic ducts, known as a granulocytic epithelial lesion, is crucial for diagnosing type 2 AIP. Some cases of type 2 AIP are linked to inflammatory bowel disease, particularly ulcerative colitis, but the exact relationship between the two conditions remains unclear. Questions remain regarding the pathophysiology of type 2 AIP, the possibility of similar granulocytic injuries in other organs, and the characteristics of pediatric cases. In this case report we present a concomitant autoimmune pancreatitis type 2 and colitis ulcerosa in a 10 years-old girl. The patients follow-up showed amelioration of the clinical symptoms due to the present medication.
Evaluation of Carcass, Growth Performance, Hematological and Biochemical Parameters of Broiler Chickens Fed Additive of Onion Bulb Peel Powder
Authors: Alamuoye Oluwatoyin Folake , Alamuoye Nathaniel Olu , Adebayo Francis Bosede , Oniyilo Victoria
Published: May 2024

The study evaluated the effect of the powder of onion bulb peel waste (Allium cepa) as feed additives on growth performance, blood profile and carcass features of broiler chickens. A total of 150-day old Arbo acre strains of broiler chicks were randomly allocated into five treatments group with 30 birds in each treatment with three replicates of 10 birds each. The birds were reared on the floor of a pen partitioned into experimental units. The study was conducted in two phases; starter phase (0-28 day) and finisher phase (28-56 day). A basal experimental diet was formulated for the broiler chickens and varying levels of onion bulb peel powder was added as a supplement at 0mg/kg (control), 25mg/kg, 50mg/kg, 75mg/kg and 100mg/kg in diets 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. The results obtained in this study revealed that there was significant difference (p<0.05) in feed intake, body weight, daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio, hematological and bio-chemical parameters, carcass weight, non-carcass weight, percentage of carcass cut-part relative to the dressed weight and percentage non carcass relative to live weight between treatment diets. Onion bulb peel powder at 100mg/kg enhanced growth performance, reduced total blood cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein, increased the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and improved carcass yield of the birds. Since the feeding of onion bulb peel powder up to 100mg/kg as feed additives did not constitute nutritional disorder or any adverse effect on heamatological parameters of broiler chickens, it can be concluded that onion bulb peel powder at this level of inclusion is good for broiler chicken production.
Interactive Effect of Nitrogen, Zinc (Zn) and Iron (Fe) on the Growth and yield Characteristics of Gobhi Sarson (Brassica napus L.)
Authors: Reddy Kopparthi Vijayarami , Gill Rubina , Mohan Immadisetty
Published: May 2024

Brassica napus L., commonly known as Gobhi Sarson in India, is a vital oilseed crop contributing significantly to the agricultural economy. India stands as the fourth-largest producer of oilseeds, with mustard-rapeseed, including Brassica napus, constituting about 28.6% of the total oilseed production [1]. The experiment titled "Study on Foliar Application of Nitrogen, Zinc (Zn), and Iron (Fe) on the Growth and Yield Characteristics of Gobhi Sarson (Brassica napus L.)" was conducted at the research farm of Lovely Professional University, Punjab, during the Rabi season of 2023-24. A total of nine treatments with three replications were evaluated using a Randomized Block Design. The findings indicate that Treatment 9 (75%RDF + 1% Urea + 0.5% FeSO4 + 0.5% ZnSO4) demonstrated the highest plant height, fresh weight, dry weight, leaf area, primary and secondary branches per plant, number of siliquae per plant, seeds per siliquae, 1000-seed weight, seed yield, biological yield, and oil content. Treatment 5 (50%RDF + 1% Urea + 0.5% FeSO4 + 0.5% ZnSO4) also performed well across these parameters, albeit to a slightly lesser extent. (T9) recorded the highest seed yield (19.7 q ha-1), significantly outperforming all other treatments, with Treatment 5 being statistically comparable. Moreover, Treatment 9 exhibited the maximum oil content (41.2%), followed closely by Treatment 5 with oil content of 40.6%. Conversely, the control treatment (T1) yielded the lowest oil content. These results underscore the efficacy of foliar application of 75% RDF with 1% Urea, 0.5% FeSO4, and 0.5% ZnSO4 in enhancing the growth and yield characteristics of Gobhi Sarson, with Treatment 5 showing similar trends.
SEIR Model on the Review Impact of Social Distancing for COVID-19 Transmission Dynamics
Authors: Madaki Abubakar Abdullahi , Sambo Aminu
Published: May 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a huge influence on world health, with many countries enacting lockdowns and social distancing measures to help reduce transmission. However, the efficiency of these efforts is questionable, particularly in locations like as North East Nigeria, where specific socioeconomic and demographic characteristics can alter virus transmission dynamics. In this paper, we assess the pandemic in North East Nigeria by modifying the SIR to SEIR compartmental model, which incorporates data from the National Centre for Disease Control. We exposed that social distancing techniques like face masks, hand washing, and avoiding big gatherings are more successful than lockdowns in slowing the spread of COVID-19 in the region. Our findings suggest that future pandemic response plans should concentrate on social distancing measures that are both effective and feasible while avoiding the economic and social disruptions caused by lockdowns. Our work emphasizes the significance of specialized approaches to pandemic control in varied situations, including North East Nigeria.
Physicochemical Characteristics of Water in the Bontanga Irrigation Dam in the Guinea Savannah Agro-Ecological Zone of Ghana
Authors: Ayertey Aquinas Kofi , Adongo Thomas Apusiga , Dogbey Richard Kwame
Published: May 2024

Fresh water resource is one of the most significant natural assets of a country.  Irrigation dams are usually used for irrigation purposes and also often serve as a source of water for domestic use. Due to this, there is a need for proper maintenance, assessment, and sustainable use of irrigation dams. This study assessed the physicochemical properties of the water in the reservoir of Bontanga irrigation dam situated in the Guinea Savannah Agro-Ecological Zone of Ghana. The study assessed four (4) physical and fourteen (14) chemical water quality parameters of the water for irrigation to know whether they are within the acceptable threshold set by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO). Sampling techniques used in this study were stratified and purposive samplings. The reservoir of the dam was divided into nine (9) strata and in each stratum, 5 samples were taken making a total of 45 samples. Samples taken in each strata were composited making it a total of 9 samples. The water samples were collected into well-labelled polythene bottles and kept in an ice chest with ice cubes. The samples were transported to the Ecological Laboratory of the University of Ghana for analysis. The parameters analyzed were pH, electrical conductivity (EC), temperature, total dissolved solutes (TDS), chloride (Cl-), sulphate (SO42-), bicarbonate (HCO3-), carbonate, PO4-P, nitrites/nitrate (NO3-N), total dissolved solids (TDS), magnesium (Mg2+), calcium (Ca2+), sodium (Na+), boron, total alkalinity, ammonia (NH4-N) and potassium (K+). A greater percentage of the results obtained were within acceptable limits except potassium which was slightly higher. This could be the result of farming activities in the catchment of the dam. In general, the water in Bontanga irrigation dam can be considered suitable for irrigation purposes.
Utilizing Waste Materials to Enhance Crop Production: A Review
Authors: Mishra Purba , Jolly Gritta Elizabeth
Published: May 2024

Waste management is a crucial aspect of modern societies, encompassing various activities to ensure the safe and effective disposal of waste materials. It can be classified as hazardous waste, electronic trash (e-waste), industrial waste, and municipal solid waste (MSW). Sustainable waste management practices aim to reduce environmental impact while protecting public health. Urbanization leads to increased residential water consumption, however reusing wastewater for non-potable applications like agriculture can be cost-effective. The overall costs of delivering wastewater for agricultural reuse, including treatment, storage, and transportation, are less the total costs of safe environmental disposal alternatives. Drainage may also be a source of macronutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium), which reduces the cost of wastewater for agricultural reuse. The adoption of these principles could lead to a 48% reduction in global greenhouse gas emissions by 2030. The management of hazardous waste, including toxic, flammable, corrosive, or reactive materials, is also a significant concern. In order to safeguard public health and stop the spread of infectious illnesses, animal manure management is crucial. The global generation of construction and demolition waste is expected to double by 2025, with the majority generated in Asia. Sustainable waste management practices are necessary to ensure public health and the environment.
Artificial Intelligence in the Effective Execution Process of Construction Projects in the Future
Authors: Shakibaei Roozbeh
Published: May 2024

The construction industry currently constitutes 13% of the global gross domestic product (GDP), with projections indicating an 85% increase in value to $15.5 trillion by 2030. The widespread adoption of information technology (IT) has significantly enhanced the integration of disparate data in construction project environments. Consequently, the construction sector including full construction value chain, is undergoing a transformative phase. The increasing investment in artificial intelligence (AI) makes it impossible to keep pace with its rapid advancements. Hence, this study aims to examine the role of AI in facilitating the effective execution of construction projects in the future. This research employs a document analysis approach and scrutinizes 20 relevant papers from both domestic and international scientific databases. Methodologically, this study adopts an applied research approach, and based on the method of data collection, it is considered a descriptive survey method. Therefore, a questionnaire was designed and distributed among 100 experts and practitioners familiar with AI concepts in Tehran for data collection to conduct a census-style field study. Subsequently, Smart PLS software was employed for data analysis. The findings not only validate the model's reliability, validity and fit but also present solutions and pertinent issues related to challenges concerning AI future role in enhancing project execution efficacy.
Redox Active Mesoporous Hybrid Materials by In situ Syntheses with Urea‐linked Triethoxysilylated Phenothiazines
Authors: Zhou Zhou , Franz Adam W. , Bay Sarah , Sarkar Biprajit , Seifert Andreas , Yang Piaoping , Wagener Alex , Ernst Stefan , Pagels Markus , Müller Thomas J. J. , Thiel Werner R.
Published: August 2010

Triethoxysilyl functionalized phenothiazinyl ureas were synthesized and immobilized by in situ synthesis into mesoporous hybrid materials. The designed precursor molecules influence the structure of the final materials and the intermolecular distance of the phenothiazines. XRD and N2 adsorption measurements indicate the presence of highly ordered two‐dimensional hexagonally structured functional materials, while the incorporation of the organic compounds in the solid materials was proved by means of 13C and 29Si solid state NMR spectroscopy as well as by FT‐IR spectroscopy. Upon oxidation with (NO)BF4 or SbCl5, stable phenothiazine radical cations were generated in the pores of the materials, which was detected by means of UV/Vis, emission, and EPR spectroscopies.
Sugar‐Decorated Dendritic Nanocarriers: Encapsulation and Release of the Octahedral Rhenium Cluster Complex [Re6S8(OH)6]4−
Authors: Kubeil Manja , Stephan Holger , Pietzsch Hans‐Jürgen , Geipel Gerhard , Appelhans Dietmar , Voit Brigitte , Hoffmann Jan , Brutschy Bernhard , Mironov Yuri V. , Brylev Konstantin A. , Fedorov Vladimir E.
Published: August 2010

The encapsulation of a nanometer‐sized octahedral anionic rhenium cluster complex with six terminal hydroxo ligands [Re6S8(OH)6]4− in maltose‐decorated poly(propylene amine) dendrimers (POPAM, generation 4 and 5) has been investigated. Ultrafiltration experiments showed that maximal loading capacity of the dendrimers with the cluster complex is achieved after about ten hours in aqueous solution. To study the inclusion phenomena, three different methods have been applied: UV/Vis, time‐resolved laser‐induced fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS), and laser‐induced liquid bead ion desorption mass spectrometry (LILBID‐MS). From the results obtained, it could be concluded that: a) the hydrolytic stability of the rhenium cluster complex is significantly enhanced in the presence of dendritic hosts; b) the cluster anions are preferentially bound inside the dendrimers; c) the number of cluster complexes encapsulated in the dendrimers increases with rising dendrimer generation. On average, four to five cluster anions can preferentially be captured in the interior of sugar‐coated dendritic carriers. An asymptotic progression of the release of cluster complexes from the loaded dendrimers was observed under physiologically relevant conditions (isotonic sodium chloride solution: approximately 93 % within 4 days for loaded POPAM‐G4‐maltose; approximately 86 % within 4 days for loaded POPAM‐G5‐maltose). These encapsulation and release properties of maltose‐decorated nanocarriers imply the possibility for the development of the next generation of dendritic nanocarriers with specific targeting of destined tissue for therapeutic treatments.
The Effects of Microenvironment Polarity and Dendritic Branching of Aliphatic Hydrocarbon Dendrons on the Self‐Assembly of 2‐Ureido‐4‐pyrimidinones
Authors: Wong Chun‐Ho , Choi Lai‐Sheung , Yim Sui‐Lung , Lau Kwun‐Ngai , Chow Hak‐Fun , Hui Sin‐Kam , Sze Kong‐Hung
Published: August 2010

Two series of aliphatic hydrocarbon‐based G1–G3 dendritic 2‐ureido‐4‐pyrimidinones (UPy) (S‐Gn)2 and (L‐Gn)2, differing from one another by the distance between the branching juncture to the urea end, were prepared and characterized. These hydrocarbon dendrons were also appended to a p‐aminonitrobenzene solvatochromic chromophore in order to probe their microenvironment polarity. While positive solvatochromism was observed which indicated the chromophore was solvent accessible, there was no significant difference between the microenvironment polarities on going from the G1 to the G3 dendrons. The self‐assembling behavior and tautomeric preference of the dendritic UPy derviatives were examined by 1H NMR spectroscopy. The dimerization constants (Kdim*) of the DDAA tautomers were unchanged at 107 M−1 in CDCl3 at both 25 and 50 °C, which were comparable to those of UPy compounds bearing other nonpolar substitutents. Furthermore, the lower limits on the K′dim* of the DADA tautomeric forms of the (S‐Gn)2 and (L‐Gn)2 series were determined to be 106 and 105 M−1 in CDCl3, respectively. It was found that a closer proximity of the dendron branching juncture to the UPy unit could lead to a destabilization effect on the dimeric states. Hence, the (L‐Gn)2 dimers are more stable than those of (S‐Gn)2 in the DDAA form, but the latter are more stable than the former in the tautomeric DADA state. This study showed that both the highly nonpolar microenvironment and the proximity of the dendritic branching juncture to the UPy motif could alter the strength and profile of the hydrogen bond‐mediated self‐assembling process.
Azaphenalene Phthalocyanines: Phthalocyanine Analogues with Six‐Membered‐Ring Units Instead of Five‐Membered‐Ring Units
Authors: Shimizu Soji , Zhu Hua , Kobayashi Nagao
Published: August 2010

Mixed‐condensation reaction of 1,8‐naphthalenedicarbonitrile and a 4,5‐disubstituted phthalonitrile provided a series of phthalocyanine (Pc) analogues with azaphenalene (AP) moieties in place of the isoindole moieties. Monosubstituted species, APPc, and the two structural isomers of disubstituted species, adj‐AP2Pc and opp‐AP2Pc, were successfully isolated by gel‐permeation chromatography on HPLC apparatus. Their structures were elucidated by 1H NMR spectroscopy and X‐ray crystallographic analysis. Replacement of the isoindole moieties with azaphenalene moieties created six‐membered‐ring units in the core and caused distortion of the molecular structures. The Q‐band absorption shifted to the red upon an increase in the number of azaphenalene units; the shape of the absorption spectra depended on the molecular symmetries. APPc and opp‐AP2Pc showed a large splitting of the Q band, whereas adj‐AP2Pc exhibited a single broad Q band. These changes in the absorption spectra, as well as the unique electronic structures, are discussed in detail, based on magnetic circular dichroism spectra, electrochemical measurements, and density functional theory calculations.
ChemInform Abstract: High‐Resolution Electron Microscopy and Convergent‐Beam Electron Diffraction (CBED) of Sintered Undoped Hydroxyapatite.
Authors: KLEEBE H.‐J. , BRES E. F. , BERNACHE‐ASSOLANT D. , ZIEGLER G.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Interactions in Crystals. Part 88. Donor/Acceptor Complexes of Alkylbenzenes, Pyrene or Perylene with Tetrahalogen‐p‐benzoquinones: Structures and Properties.
Authors: BOCK H. , SIEVERT M. , SCHOEDEL H. , KLEINE M.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Practical and Efficient Enantioselective Borohydride Reduction of Aromatic Ketones Catalyzed by Optically Active Cobalt(II) Complexes Using Pre‐Modified Borohydride.
Authors: SUGI K. D. , NAGATA T. , YAMADA T. , MUKAIYAMA T.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on Novel and Chiral 1,4‐Dihydropyridines. Part 3. Asymmetric Reduction of Some Ketones with Novel NADH Model Compounds, (SS)‐3‐(p‐ Tolylsulfinyl)‐1,4‐dihydropyridines.
Authors: OBIKA S. , NISHIYAMA T. , TATEMATSU S. , MIYASHITA K. , IWATA C. , IMANISHI T.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Allylation of Nitro Group‐Stabilized Carbanions Catalyzed by Chiral Crown Ether Phosphine‐Palladium Complexes.
Authors: SAWAMURA M. , NAKAYAMA Y. , TANG W.‐M. , ITO Y.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular Regioselective Insertion into Unactivated Prochiral Carbon‐Hydrogen Bonds with Diazoacetates of Primary Alcohols Catalyzed by Chiral Dirhodium(II) Carboxamidates. Highly Enantioselective Total Synthesis of Natural Lignan Lactones.
Authors: BODE J. W. , DOYLE M. P. , PROTOPOPOVA M. N. , ZHOU Q.‐L.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Epoxidation of ω‐Bromo‐2‐methyl‐1‐alkenes Catalyzed by Chloroperoxidase. Effect of Chain Length on Selectivity and Efficiency.
Authors: LAKNER F. J. , CAIN K. P. , HAGER L. P.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Trimethylsilylketene Dialkylacetals in Organic Synthesis: Reactions with Alkyldiazoacetates.
Authors: ZAITSEVA G. S. , NOVIKOVA O. P. , GRIGORIEV E. V. , KISIN A. V. , AVTOMONOV E. V. , LORBERTH J.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Metalloporphyrin as an Efficient Catalyst in the Regioselective Isomerization of Epoxides to Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: TAKANAMI T. , HIRABE R. , UENO M. , HINO F. , SUDA K.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective, Electrocatalytic Lactonization of Methyl‐Substituted Diols on a TEMPO‐Modified Graphite Felt Electrode in the Presence of (‐ )‐Sparteine.
Authors: YANAGISAWA Y. , KASHIWAGI Y. , KURASHIMA F. , ANZAI J. , OSA T. , BOBBITT J. M.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 2,4,6‐Triphenylpyrylium Tetrafluoroborate‐Photosensitized Reactions of o‐Cinnamylphenols and o‐Hydroxystilbenes.
Authors: DELGADO J. , ESPINOS A. , JIMENEZ M. C. , MIRANDA M. A. , TORMOS R.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Hydrogenolysis of Aromatic Halides with Sodium Hydride of Nanometric Size.
Authors: LI H. , LIAO S. , XU Y.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed C‐Allylation of Naphthols by Direct Use of Allylic Alcohols under Neutral Conditions.
Authors: TADA Y. , SATAKE A. , SHIMIZU I. , YAMAMOTO A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Protection of a Protecting Group: Preparation of Stable N‐Silylated t‐ Butyl Carbamates.
Authors: ROBY J. , VOYER N.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Formation of 1‐ and 2‐Alkoxyenynes by Palladium Catalyzed Cross‐ Coupling of 1‐ and 2‐Bromoalkenyl Alkyl Ethers with Alkynes.
Authors: TROSTYANSKAYA I. G. , SHVETSOV A. S. , EFIMOVA I. V. , KAZANKOVA M. A. , BELETSKAYA I. P.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses and Reactions of Alkylthio‐ and Arylthio‐Substituted 1,6‐ Methano(10)annulenes.
Authors: BRYANT‐FRIEDRICH A. C. , NEIDLEIN R.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Acyclic Polyethers Bearing Amide End‐Groups and Their Complexation Studies in ISE.
Authors: KIM J. S. , OHKI A. , CHO N. S. , YU I. Y. , HAYASHITA T. , MAEDA S.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Hydrazones Based on m‐Phenoxybenzaldehyde.
Authors: POPOV YU. V. , KORCHAGINA T. K. , CHICHERINA G. V.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chlorogenic Acid and Synthetic Chlorogenic Acid Derivatives: Novel Inhibitors of Hepatic Glucose‐6‐phosphate Translocase.
Authors: HEMMERLE H. , BURGER H.‐J. , BELOW P. , SCHUBERT G. , RIPPEL R. , SCHINDLER P. W. , PAULUS E. , HERLING A. W.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Thiophene Ring Hydroxylation: A Novel Application of trans‐(.+‐.)‐2‐( Phenylsulfonyl)‐3‐phenyloxaziridine.
Authors: CRUZ‐ALMANZA R. , HERNANDEZ‐QUIROZ T. , BRENA‐VALLE L. J. , PEREZ‐FLORES F.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 2,3‐Dihydro‐2‐carboxy‐1H‐indole‐3‐acetic Acids as Tools for the Study of Excitatory Amino Acid Receptors.
Authors: NOE C. R. , KNOLLMUELLER M. , SCHOEDL C. , BERGER M. L.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantiospecific Formation of trans‐1,3‐Disubstituted Tetrahydro‐β‐ carbolines by the Pictet‐Spengler Reaction and Conversion of cis Diastereomers into Their trans Counterparts by Scission of the C‐1/N‐2 Bond.
Authors: COX E. D. , HAMAKER L. K. , LI J. , YU P. , CZERWINSKI K. M. , DENG L. , BENNETT D. W. , COOK J. M. , WATSON W. H. , KRAWIEC M.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidative Dimerization of 2‐Aminoimidazoles by Molecular Bromine. Synthesis of Parazoanthoxanthin A.
Authors: XU Y. , YAKUSHIJIN K. , HORNE D. A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Formation and Reduction Reactions of 3‐Indol‐3‐yl‐isoxazolidines.
Authors: COUTOULI‐ARGYROPOULOU E. , MALAMIDOU‐XENIKAKI E. , STAMPELOS X. N. , ALEXOPOULOU I. N.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Photoinduced Processes in 2‐(2‐Hydroxyaryl)pyridines. Part 2. Intramolecular Phototransfer of Proton, Conformational Transformations and Spectral‐Luminescent Properties of 2‐(2‐Hydroxyphenyl)pyridine Derivatives.
Authors: KNYAZHANSKII M. I. , MAKAROVA N. I. , OLEKHNOVICH E. P. , PICHKO V. A. , KHARLANOV V. A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Enantiopure 6‐(3‐Indolyl)‐2‐piperidones and Conjugate Additions to a 3,4‐Didehydro Derivative.
Authors: AMAT M. , LLOR N. , BOSCH J. , SOLANS X.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 4‐Chinolon‐3‐sulfonylureas.
Authors: LOEWE W. , DIETZ M.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Highly Stereocontrolled Synthesis of (S)‐(‐)‐3‐(4‐tert‐Butyl)phenyl‐ 1‐N‐(cis‐2,6‐dimethyl)morpholinyl‐2‐methylpropane via Asymmetric Mannich Reaction.
Authors: VINKOVIC V. , SUNJIC V.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.