bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Effects of Nitroglycerin, Labetalol and Lidocaine in Hypertensive Patients in Attenuation of the Endotracheal Intubation Reflex
Authors: Khan Miftahul Jannat , Hossain Mosharaf , Hossain Bablu , Bhuiyan Abdullah Tareq , Islam Md Ashraful , Mohammad Taneem , Chakma Shuchana
Published: February 2024

Background: Laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation integral parts of general anesthesia which may cause acute haemodynamic instability. Hypertensive patients are more prone of developing cardiovascular complications such as pulmonary oedema, cardiac failure and cerebrovascular haemorrhage. To attenuate such intubation reflex, some drugs are used, e.g., opioids. lidocaine sodium nitroprusside, nitroglycerin, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers etc.
Objective: The purpose of the study is to see the effectiveness of nitroglycerin, labetalol and lidocaine in attenuation of intubation reflex and their anesthetic outcome in hypertensive patients.
Methods: This randomized controlled study was carried out in the Department of Anesthesia, Pain, Palliative and Intensive care Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh, between March and September of 2021. A total of 90 patients were included: 30 in each group as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. Group A patients received inj. nitroglycerin 2 minutes before intubation, while group B patients received inj. labetalol 0.25mg/kg 5 minutes before intubation, and group C was given 2% lidocaine 1.5mg/kg 2 minutes before intubation. Haemodynamic status of all patients was checked before and after intubation.
Results: Mean age of the patients was 44.4±10.9 years in group A, 47.6±9.4 years in group B and 46.4±10.6 years in group C. Heart rate after intubation was low and statistically significant in groups-B after 1.2 and 5 minutes. Regarding mean arterial pressure (MAP), group A patients had significantly low blood pressure. Rate pressure product (RRP) of the patients was significantly low in group B at 1 minute, 2 minutes and 5 minutes. Regarding ECG changes sinus tachycardia was observed in 26.6%, 86.6% and 20% in group A, group B and group C immediately after intubation. Groups B patients showed lower incidence of sinus tachycardia than that of two other groups and showed no premature ventricular contractions, whereas group A (6.7%) and group C (3.3%) showed premature ventricular contractions.
Conclusion: Labetalol showed better rhythm control, mean arterial pressure and less incidence of tachycardia. To summarize, labetalol is safer and more effective than nitroglycerin and lidocaine to attenuate the endotracheal intubation reflex in hypertensive patients.
Mugda Med Coll J. 2023; 6(2): 64-70
Feasibility test of teaching materials for mathematics learning evaluation integrated with Al Quran
Authors: Huda Nuril , Sujarwo Imam
Published: February 2024

The study aims to determine the level of feasibility of integrated mathematics learning evaluation teaching materials with verses of the Koran. The type of research used is research & development (R&D) by adopting the ADDIE model, namely Analyze, Design, and Develop. Data collection techniques using validation sheets and questionnaires. The product validation involved nine validators consisting of 3 material experts, three media experts, and 3 Islamic integration experts, while the practicality test involved 15, tadris mathematics students. The Aiken formula analyzed the validity test. The results showed that the results of the material and language feasibility test were 59.25% in the high category, the results of the media feasibility test were 55.55% in the medium category, and the results of the material integration feasibility test were 75.00% in the high category, and the test results practicality of 80% with the category of practical and a little revision. This mathematics learning evaluation textbook integrated with the verses of the Koran that were developed is feasible and can be used to support the lecture process.
ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTALLY SUSTAINABLE PROJECTS IN THE FIELD OF GREEN ARCHITECTURE: USE OF NATURAL MATERIALS AND RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
Authors: BEREZOVETSKA IRYNA , BOTSULA OLEKSANDR , ZOLOTAROVA OLENA , SOKHAN INNA , POPOVSKYI VITALII
Published: February 2024

The article explores contemporary architectural trends focused on the establishment of sustainable and ecologically responsible environments. It scrutinizes projects incorporating natural building materials and renewable energy sources, evaluating their environmental impact and discerning their role in fostering sustainable development. Additionally, the article delves into alternative approaches for the utilization of materials during both the construction and operational phases of green buildings. A comprehensive analysis is presented, elucidating the intricacies of the "green building" concept, notable for its pronounced benefits in curtailing energy consumption for heating purposes. The salient characteristic of such structures lies in the integration of green design strategies and cutting-edge building materials. The article meticulously examines the efficacy of energy utilization within the context of a "green" architectural paradigm. Emphasis is placed on technologies and solutions conducive to diminishing energy expenditure, particularly in the domain of heating. This encompasses the deployment of renewable energy sources, optimal architectural configurations, and innovative engineering systems. The investigation reveals that the integration of green methodologies in construction is contingent not solely upon the reduction of energy consumption but also on the adoption of environmentally friendly and sustainable materials. Such materials not only serve to ameliorate the structural quality but also enhance the comfort of indoor spaces. The findings proffered by the analysis hold the potential to unveil novel avenues for the progressive refinement of green architecture and its application in construction.
ISOLATED CRICOID CARTILAGE FRACTURE AFTER BLUNT THORACOCERVICAL TRAUMA: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Aksoy Ahmet , Güreşci Kürşat
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT
İntroduction: Although cricoid cartilage fracture is rare because of the firm and stable structure of the cricoid cartilage, it can cause fatal complications. Prompt diagnosis and rapid airway safety are incredibly vital.
Case Report: A 24-year-old male patient was admitted to the emergency department due to blunt trauma to the thoracocervical region. The computed tomography taken after the first interventions detected a displaced fracture of the cricoid cartilage.
Conclusion: In light of the patient's clinical findings, the patient was treated conservatively and non-surgically with close follow-up of the airway safety.
Keywords: Cricoid fracture, subcutaneous emphysema, larynx trauma, thoracocervical blunt trauma, conservative treatment
“(Özel Sayı)”Yapay zekâ pazarlama teknolojisinin çevrimiçi satın alma niyetine etkisinde algılanan risk ve güvenin rolü
Authors: BOZPOLAT Ceylan
Published: February 2024

Yapay zekâ pazarlama teknolojisi, çevrimiçi alışveriş yapan tüketicilere kişiselleştirilmiş satın alma deneyimi, işletmelere ise müşteri ihtiyaçlarını etkin bir şekilde karşılama imkanı tanımaktadır. Bu çalışma, yapay zeka pazarlama teknolojisi deneyiminin, çevrimiçi satın alma niyeti üzerindeki etkisinde ilgili teknolojiye olan güvenin ve algılanan riskin rolünü ortaya koymak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu bağlamda yapay zeka pazarlama teknolojisinin deneyimsel unsurları doğruluk, içgörü ve etkileşim olmak üzere üç boyutta ele alınmış; güven, algılanan risk ve satın alma niyetinin de dahil olduğu SOR modeline dayanan kavramsal bir model geliştirilmiştir. Ardından çevrimiçi alışveriş geçmişi bulunan kişilere çevrimiçi anket yöntemi ile 480 örnek hacimli nicel bir çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kartopu örnekleme yöntemi ile toplanan veriler, SmartPLS 4 programı kullanılarak Kısmi En Küçük Kareler Varyans Temelli Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi (PLS-SEM) ile analiz edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, içgörü ve etkileşim deneyiminin teknolojiye olan güveni pozitif bir şekilde etkilediğini, doğruluk deneyiminin ise güven üzerinde herhangi bir etkisi olmadığını göstermiştir. Ayrıca tüketicilerin risk algılarının azalmasında yapay zeka pazarlama teknolojisinin deneyimsel unsurlarının tamamının pozitif bir etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. İçgörü deneyimi, tüketicilerin güven ve risk algılarında belirleyici deneyimsel unsur olarak tanımlanmıştır. Güven, çevrimiçi satın alma niyeti pozitif ve anlamlı bir şekilde etkilerken aynı etki algılanan risk bağlamında gerçekleşmemiştir
Sistem Kendali Ketinggian dan Debit Air Berbasis Mobile pada Inkubator Telur Ikan Nila Memanfaatkan Internet of Things
Authors: Alhamri Rinanza Zulmy , Elfarozi Danang
Published: February 2024

Inkubator telur ikan nila befungsi seperti mulut induk ikan nila dalam mengerami telurnya. Dengan menggunakan inkubator, akan mengurangi peluang mortalitas telur ikan nila karena kemudahan dalam merekayasa lingkungan inkubator. Namun demikian upaya rekayasa oleh petani benih ikan nila masih dilakukan secara manual seperti pemantauan debit air dan pengendalian ketinggian air pada tandon secara langsung. Kecepatan aliran air penting untuk selalu dipantau karena mempengaruhi gerak upwelling air pada telur ikan nila. Dari permasalahan tersebut, maka dibuat sistem kendali ketinggian air dan debit air melaui aplikasi Android memanfaatkan teknologi Internet of Things. Sistem kendali dibuat secara prototypingg. Aplikasi Android dikembangkan dengan menggunakan bahasa Kotlin. Pertukaran data antara aplikasi dan sensor menggunakan Firebase Realtime Database sebagai penyimpanan cloud. Sistem kendali terdiri dari mikrokontroler NodeMCU, sensor ultrasonik untuk mengukur ketinggian, sensor flowmeter untuk mengukur debit air, dan modul relay untuk mengendalikan pompa air. Hasil yang diperoleh pengguna bisa memantau debit air, dapat memantau tinggi air dengan perbedaan nilai ketinggian real dan sensor sebesar 0.1 cm, dan dapat mengendalikan tinggi air dengan delay 1 detik.
O grotesco como categoria estética: discussões conceituais
Authors: Costa Filho Francisco Carlos
Published: February 2024

Este artigo apresenta uma revisão e reflexão conceitual acerca da estética do grotesco, trazidas por meio do diálogo com as teorias e obras de autores de referência sobre o tema, como Mikhail Bakhtin e Wolfgang Kayser, bem como de pesquisadores acadêmicos contemporâneos, como Muniz Sodré, Raquel Paiva e Umberto Eco. O texto busca apresentar como a conceituação acerca do tema é normalmente enviesada por uma abordagem ocidentalizada e de linha "evolutiva" , em que frequentemente não se considera devidamente o caráter universal e atemporal que o fenômeno possui, fato observável nas produções teóricas tanto no campo da Literatura, como das Artes Visuais e das Artes Cênicas, o que acaba por restringir o escopo conceitual do grotesco, algo que vai contra a própria natureza do fenômeno, que propõe extrapolar limites. Diante da apresentação desse quadro, busca-se provocar a reflexão sobre abordagens que valorizem uma certa relativização do conceito, em que se escape de definições demasiadamente fixas ou dicotômicas.
BIOTECNOMA: ESCRITAS PERFORMATIVAS
Authors: Benicio Raimundo Kleberson de Oliveira
Published: February 2024

O texto é um compartilhamento de escritas performativas elaboradas a partir de um corpo em movimento em contato com seu objeto de pesquisa, pensa-se a escrita como um desvelamento distinto em que ecoam vozes que se cruzam em contato virtual, Parte destes escritos em processo surgiram a partir da disciplina Laboratório de Performance ministrada em 2019 pela Professora Ciane Fernandes, cujo incentivo permitiu uma investigação do corpo em movimento levando em consideração o teor performativo de cada pesquisadora e pesquisador, contexto em que a escrita se materializa com as inquietações de cada investigação.
O CORPO E SUA AUSÊNCIA NA VIDEOVIGILÂNCIA
Authors: Zafanelli Livia
Published: February 2024

O presente artigo tem como foco a reflexão e compartilhamento de algumas de minhas práticas de criação dentro do campo da arte, com o objetivo dividir experimentações relativas a parte de meu trabalho prático como aluna regular da Linha de Pesquisa de Processos de Criação no Cinema e nas Artes do Ví­deo do Programa de Mestrado em Cinema e Artes do Ví­deo da Universidade Estadual do Paraná (UNESPAR - Campus II). O texto é derivado de uma das investigações propostas no meu projeto de pesquisa sobre violência e vigilância, que busca investigar e compreender melhor de que formas o corpo se apresenta (ou não) para estas câmeras e como nós os percebemos ao consumir estes conteúdos. Aspectos da videovigilância, da violência e do corpo e sua ausência nos registros de câmeras públicas de vigilância são analisados sob a ótica de meu processo criativo artí­stico, com base principal nos textos e estudos dos filósofos Lars Svendsen e Edmund Burke.
REUNINDO MEMÓRIAS AFETIVAS E O PROCESSO CRIATIVO
Authors: Klug Lima Perci Cristina
Published: February 2024

O presente texto se trata de uma revisitação ao meu processo de pesquisa em Poéticas Visuais realizado durante a produção do meu Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso, intitulado: Memória e Arquivo: uma poética construí­da através de arquivo afetivos. E foi um conjunto em particular desses objetos que deram significado à minha busca poética delineando a trajetória da minha produção artí­stica. Foram versos de poemas, receitas de famí­lia, contos, cartas, bilhetes, todos de autoria do meu pai. Inicialmente tive a ideia de trabalhar com esses escritos, porém no decorrer do processo criativo, minha produção artí­stica encaminhada para além desse arquivo, ativando outras memórias. O aporte teórico principal está fundamentando na pesquisadora Ana Maio que contribuiu com a sua pesquisa e experimentação artí­stica servindo como referencial. Esses trabalhos me abriram outras possibilidades de produção dentro das artes visuais e e novas perspectivas com o tema arquivo e memória para implementação de trabalhos futuros.
CINEMA, MODA E FIGURINO
Authors: Sauthier Helio Ricardo
Published: February 2024

Trata-se de uma resenha crí­tica do livro 101 filmes para quem ama moda, da autora Alexandra Farah, publicado em 2016 pela Editora SENAI-SP, contendo quatro capí­tulos, divididos em Grandes Estilistas, Documentários, Cinema Brasileiro e Musicais. A autora é jornalista e foi correspondente na área da moda em Nova York, onde estudou moda no Fashion Institute of Technology e cinema na Parsons School of Design.
A(MORte)ce – Reflexões Sobre a Imprevisibilidade como Geradora de Afetos e Afecções
Authors: Filimberti Ana Luiza
Published: February 2024

Este relato tem como proposta gerar conteúdo e reflexão a cerca do processo de criação do trabalho artí­stico-acadêmico intitulado "A(MORte)ce – Imprevisibilidade como Geradora de Afetos e Afecções" , apresentado como requisito para a conclusão do Curso de Bacharelado e Licenciatura em Dança da UNESPAR/Faculdade de Artes do Paraná. A pesquisa parte do intuito de investigar as afetações no e do corpo construí­das a partir da imprevisibilidade em uma atmosfera dual de amortecimento e risco, levantando o questionamento de como e porque o estudo dos afetos e das afecções é colaborativo para a dança, além de investigar a possibilidade de amortecimento dos corpos que experienciam esse processo.
ARTE PARA ENCARAR O MEDO: VISUALIDADES DIGITAIS EM TEMPO DE CONFINAMENTO
Authors: Pfütz Karine Cristina
Published: February 2024

Trata-se de uma resenha crí­tica sobre algumas iniciativas artí­sticas surgidas em perí­odo de isolamento social em decorrência da pandemia provocada pelo COVID-19. Projetos como o brasileiro "300 Desenhos" e o espanhol "Covid Art Museum" , nascidos do impacto da crise nas Artes, e suas ideias de promoção do compartilhamento de produções de artistas (profissionais ou não) de forma digital.
Escuta Corporal: A relação dança-música no Sapateado Americano
Authors: Ferreira Napoli Victória
Published: February 2024

Este artigo é resultado de um Projeto de Iniciação Cientí­fica que nasceu da vontade de entender, explorar e discutir a relação dança-música no Sapateado Americano, propondo reconhecer este enquanto uma arte interdisciplinar e constituí­da a partir de uma relação interdependente,horizontal e não hierárquica entre dança e música. Para iniciar a discussão, analisei a história do sapateado e o modo como a dança e a música se encontram nesta, além de experiências propostas por artistas e teóricos que propunham modos de relacionar as duas linguagens artí­sticas, como Merce Cunningham, John Cage, e Émile-Jacques Dalcroze. A Teoria Corpomí­dia, de Helena Katz e Christine Greiner, contribuiu para novos entendimentos acerca do corpo que dança e também produz som, quebrando com uma noção de corpo-instrumento presente no discurso de alguns sapateadores. Também constitui o corpus desta pesquisa, enquanto referência artí­stica, o projeto Vário, além de investigações e testagens práticas de escuta corporal realizadas pela autora.
DIFERENTE DA COR DO BREU: ORGANIZAÇÃO E RESSIGNIFICAÇÃO DO CORPO EM CENA
Authors: De Ávila Leandro
Published: February 2024

Este artigo foi apresentado como requisito parcial para aprovação na disciplina de Prática de Pesquisa III, do Curso de Bacharelado e Licenciatura em Dança, na Universidade Estadual do Paraná – Campus II Faculdade de Artes do Paraná, no ano de 2017. Construí­ minha pesquisa corporal contemplando a ressignificação e as memórias corporais, numa análise relacional de um trabalho dramatúrgico vivenciado na cena por três anos em forma de dueto (eu e mais três partners) como possibilidade e potencialidade de organização cênica. Relatado neste artigo os procedimentos de construção e apresentação a fim de distinguir o que ficou em meu corpo de memória corporal, na relação com os três partners; relatado as minhas memórias corporais oriundas da relação com os três partners, durante três anos, em que este dueto permaneceu em cena, a fim de construir argumentos que definam e distinguam cada uma das três relações; relato o significado/sentido das memórias de cada corpo na construção dramatúrgica, a fim de construir a ressignificação e transformação de dueto para solo; ressignifico as memórias corporais dos três partners e a memória do meu corpo articuladas, a fim de reestruturar a composição dramatúrgica em solo. Coloco que as minhas memórias, lembranças em meu estado corporal que permanecem, continuam a habitar o meu corpo e compor minha ação, e o que permanece no meu corpo e meus movimentos são acessados na condição de intérprete criador de significados/ressignificados/significados, únicos em minha dança.Palavras-chave: Dança. Ressignificados. Corpo em cena. Memórias corporais.
CORPO-POESIA EM AÇÃO NA QUARENTENA: "A GENTE QUE É CORPO/ PRECISA DE CORPO [...]"
Authors: Pavan Vitória , Bessa-Oliveira Marcos Antônio
Published: February 2024

Este Memorial Descritivo apresenta uma pesquisa acadêmica em Artes Cênicas em sua práxis: teórica e prática. Por meio de uma proposta metodológica outra para a criação de dramaturgias teatrais, a partir do trabalho corporal com a exploração dos cinco sentidos, ganhando repertório corpóreo para criação cênica. A etapa seguinte é a criação de poesias autorais e biogeográficas, que também podem ser chamadas de poesias-corporais, uma vez que se caracterizam na sí­ntese do que o corpo escreve, porque experivivênciou. A criação das dramaturgias surge da combinação dessas duas etapas e escolhe a epistemologia descolonial para coexistir no mundo das produções. Epistemologia esta que defende ser todo/toda sujeito/sujeita produtor/produtora de arte, de cultura e de conhecimentos e preza por dar consciência disso. Dessa proposta metodológica outra, surgiu nesse contexto de quarentena a Companhia Teatral Corpos&Poesias com o intuito de colocar em prática artí­stica os estudos e leituras. O presente trabalho traz a descrição da prática, embasada teoricamente na pesquisa e expõe a potência da criação coletiva na mediação desse processo criativo que tem como referência as pesquisas de Jussara Miller (2005), para pensar a potencialidade criativa do corpo cênico, e de Augusto Boal (1980), da área teatral, pensando no/na sujeito/sujeita como protagonista de suas vivências e representações.
DE CEREJA DO BOLO PARA O SAL INDISPENSÁVEL DA COMIDA: POR UMA MUDANÇA DE PARADIGMA NO ENSINO DE ARTE
Authors: Strazzacappa Márcia
Published: February 2024

A partir de uma comunicação oral realizada virtualmente no XX Encontro Nacionalde Didática e Prática de Ensino/Endipe-RIO, o presente artigo aprofunda questões queforam levantadas sobre corpo, arte e educação diante dos desafios do ensino remoto quepassou a vigorar em virtude das restrições impostas pela pandemia, principalmente emrelação ao ensino das artes cênicas, dança e teatro. Por fim, o artigo propõe uma mudançade paradigma em relação à Arte após lições aprendidas em 2020. Que o ensino de artepasse a ser compreendido não como exceção e sim como regra, não como artigo de luxo esim como um bem necessário e imprescindí­vel à formação e existência humanas.
УСИЛЕНИЕ КАСТОВОГО НЕРАВЕНСТВА В ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИИ ВСЛЕДСТВИЕ ЭПИДЕМИИ COVID-19 (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ПАКИСТАНА)
Authors: БАКАНОВА М.В.
Published: February 2024

Кастовая система с эндогамными браками и наследственной профессиональной деятельностью привела к формированию специфических фено- и генотипов. В условиях пандемии COVID-19 кастовая сегрегация по принципу доступа к тестированию и лечению значительно увеличилась. Однако, это не привело к значимому возрастанию заболеваемости и смертности в низших социальных группах. Подобное может свидетельствовать о том, что у таких людей произошло генетическое закрепление устойчивости к любым инфекциям и сформировался вариабельный, весьма эффективный иммунитет.

Предположения о генетических механизмах устойчивости и волатильности к вирусу были высказаны в самом начале пандемии. Впрочем, большинство исследований генома было связано с тяжелым течением COVID-19 и только часть генетических локусов была обнаружена и описана. При этом генетическим параметрам устойчивости к заражению или легкому течению инфекции было уделено очень мало внимания. Однако внимательное изучение геномов и функционирования иммунной системы у низших социальных групп населения стран Азии и Африки, оказавшихся устойчивыми к COVID-19, может дать возможность к созданию новых лекарственных средств и преодолению возможных будущих пандемий.
Increased lateral femoral condyle ratio measured by MRI is associated with higher risk of solitary meniscus injury
Authors: Yang Lei , Xing Shuxing
Published: February 2024

Background: Past studies found that an increased lateral femoral condyle ratio is associated with anterior cruciate ligament injuries, but it is not clear if there is a link between MRI-measured lateral femoral condyle ratios and meniscal injuries. MRI provides a more accurate selection of measurement planes. Compared to X-rays, it further reduces data errors due to non-standard positions.

Objective: To study the relationship between knee bone morphology and Solitary meniscal injuries by MRI.

Methods: A total of 175 patients were included in this retrospective case-control study, including 54 cases of pure medial meniscus injury, 44 cases of pure lateral meniscus injury as the experimental group, and 77 control subjects. MRI images were used to measure the femoral notch width, femoral condylar width, femoral notch width index, lateral femoral condylar ratio (LFCR), posterior tibial slope, medial tibial plateau depth, and meniscus slope. In addition, carefully check for the presence of specific signs such as bone contusions and meniscal extrusions. Comparing the anatomical differences in multiple bone morphologies between the two groups, a stepwise forward multifactorial logistic analysis was used to identify the risk factors for Solitary meniscal injuries. Finally, ROC curves were used to determine the critical values and best predictors of risk factors.

Results: MTS, LTS, and LFCR ended up as independent risk factors for meniscus injury. Among all risk factors, LFCR had the largest AUC of 0.781 (0.714–0.848) with a threshold of 72.75%. When combined with MTS (>3.63°), diagnostic performance improved with an AUC of 0.833 (0.774–0.892).

Conclusion: Steep medial tibial plateau slope, steep lateral tibial plateau slope angle, and deep posterior lateral femoral condyles on MRI are independent risk factors for meniscal injuries. In patients with knee discomfort with the above imaging findings (X-ray, MRI), we should suspect and carefully evaluate the occurrence of meniscal injuries. It not only provides a theoretical basis to understand the mechanism of meniscus injury but also provides theoretical guidance for the prevention of meniscus injury and the development of intervention measures. Level of evidence III.
Quantitative analysis of pyrolysis characteristics and chemical components of tobacco materials based on machine learning
Authors: Wu Zhifeng , Zhang Qi , Yu Hongxiao , Fu Lili , Yang Zhen , Lu Yan , Guo Zhongya , Li Yasen , Zhou Xiansheng , Liu Yingjie , Wang Le
Published: February 2024

To investigate the quantitative relationship between the pyrolysis characteristics and chemical components of tobacco materials, various machine learning methods were used to establish a quantitative analysis model of tobacco. The model relates the thermal weight loss rate to 19 chemical components, and identifies the characteristic temperature intervals of the pyrolysis process that significantly relate to the chemical components. The results showed that: 1) Among various machine learning methods, partial least squares (PLS), support vector regression (SVR) and Gaussian process regression (GPR) demonstrated superior regression performance on thermogravimetric data and chemical components. 2) The PLS model showed the best performance on fitting and prediction effects, and has good generalization ability to predict the 19 chemical components. For most components, the determination coefficients R2 are above 0.85. While the performance of SVR and GPR models was comparable, the R2 for most chemical components were below 0.75. 3) The significant temperature intervals for various chemical components were different, and most of the affected temperature intervals were within 130°C–400°C. The results can provide a reference for the materials selection of cigarette and reveal the possible interactions of various chemical components of tobacco materials in the pyrolysis process.
Single-molecular diffusivity and long jumps of large organic molecules: CoPc on Ag(100)
Authors: Sabik Agata , Ellis John , Hedgeland Holly , Ward David J. , Jardine Andrew P. , Allison William , Antczak Grażyna , Tamtögl Anton
Published: February 2024

Energy dissipation and the transfer rate of adsorbed molecules do not only determine the rates of chemical reactions but are also a key factor that often dictates the growth of organic thin films. Here, we present a study of the surface dynamical motion of cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) on Ag(100) in reciprocal space based on the helium spin-echo technique in comparison with previous scanning tunnelling microscopy studies. It is found that the activation energy for lateral diffusion changes from 150 meV at 45–50 K to ≈100 meV at 250–350 K, and that the process goes from exclusively single jumps at low temperatures to predominantly long jumps at high temperatures. We thus illustrate that while the general diffusion mechanism remains similar, upon comparing the diffusion process over widely divergent time scales, indeed different jump distributions and a decrease of the effective diffusion barrier are found. Hence a precise molecular-level understanding of dynamical processes and thin film formation requires following the dynamics over the entire temperature scale relevant to the process. Furthermore, we determine the diffusion coefficient and the atomic-scale friction of CoPc and establish that the molecular motion on Ag(100) corresponds to a low friction scenario as a consequence of the additional molecular degrees of freedom.
Characterization of AI-2/LuxS quorum sensing system in biofilm formation, pathogenesis of Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus
Authors: Xie Honglin , Zhang Riteng , Guo Ruhai , Zhang Yining , Zhang Jingya , Li Hui , Fu Qiang , Wang Xinglong
Published: February 2024

Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (SEZ) is an opportunistic pathogen of both humans and animals. Quorum sensing (QS) plays an important role in the regulation of bacterial group behaviors. The aim of this study was to characterize the LuxS in SEZ and evaluate its impact on biofilm formation, pathogenesis and gene expression. The wild-type SEZ and its LuxS mutant (ΔluxS) were examined for growth, biofilm formation, virulence factors, and transcriptomic profiles. Our results showed that LuxS deficiency did not affect SEZ hemolytic activity, adhesion or capsule production. For biofilm assay demonstrated that mutation in the luxS gene significantly enhances biofilm formation, produced a denser biofilm and attached to a glass surface. RAW264.7 cell infection indicated that ΔluxS promoted macrophage apoptosis and pro-inflammatory responses. In mice infection, there was no significant difference in mortality between SEZ and ΔluxS. However, the bacterial load in the spleen of mice infected with ΔluxS was significantly higher than in those infected with SEZ. And the pathological analysis further indicated that spleen damage was more severe in the ΔluxS group. Moreover, transcriptomics analysis revealed significant alterations in carbon metabolism, RNA binding and stress response genes in ΔluxS. In summary, this study provides the first evidence of AI-2/LuxS QS system in SEZ and reveals its regulatory effects on biofilm formation, pathogenicity and gene expression.
Influences on student motivation and independent learning skills: cross-cultural differences between Hong Kong and the United Kingdom
Authors: Lo Noble Po-kan , Bremner Pauline A. M. , Forbes-McKay Katrina E.
Published: February 2024

Introduction

This study examined the ways in which different influences on student motivation and the development of independent learning (IL) skills might be constituted across students learning within different educational cultures. Previous studies on student motivation and IL have suggested the potential for differing conceptualizations of IL and its strategies (ILS), prompting questions as to the sources of these distinctions. One theory is that they might be influenced by differing cultural constructions of these concepts or may be linked to different motivations with respect to the purposes and outcomes of education.

Methods

This study addressed a research gap with respect to these differences in the British and Chinese contexts by examining the responses of students sampled from a university in Scotland and a university in Hong Kong. Through mixed-methods research comprising quantitative analysis of questionnaires and thematic analysis of interview data, this research project compared conceptualizations of IL and ILS across both these contexts and highlighted the role that student motivation might play in either context.

Results

The analytical results showed differences in the conception of IL and the implementation of ILS potentially due to differing cultural contexts.

Discussion

Further cross-cultural comparative research is needed with a study design that excludes the influence of institutional and demographic factors to better isolate the influence of culture on perception of IL and use of ILS.
Technostress in students and quality of online learning: role of instructor and university support
Authors: Saleem Farida , Chikhaoui Emna , Malik Muhammad Imran
Published: February 2024

Online learning provides flexibility and convenience to students, however, it also presents various challenges, such as technostress. Technostress is the psychological discomfort or stress experienced by individuals due to the use of technology, particularly when they cannot cope with its demands. Students’ technostress levels can have a negative impact on their online learning experiences. Drawing from the Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework, the study investigates the moderating impact of instructor and university support on technostress and the quality of online learning relationship in university students. Data were collected from 392 university students taking one or more online courses. Results reveal that technostress has a negative impact on the quality of online learning. However, this negative impact is mitigated in the presence of support from the instructor and the university separately and jointly. The study makes an important contribution to the growing body of knowledge by identifying instructor support and university support as important contributors to the communities of inquiry in an online educational setting.
Site-specific additionality in aboveground carbon sequestration in set-aside forests in Flanders (northern Belgium)
Authors: Vanhellemont Margot , Leyman Anja , Govaere Leen , De Keersmaeker Luc , Vandekerkhove Kris
Published: February 2024

Introduction

In situ carbon sequestration in forests is important in the context of climate change mitigation, and setting aside managed forests has been proposed as an option for increased carbon sequestration. Comparing set-aside and managed forests may provide insights and rules of thumb on the potential for additional in situ carbon sequestration in set-aside forest.

Methods

In an observational study, we compared re-inventory data from the network of set-aside forest reserves in Flanders, which have been unmanaged for 17–66 years (2 surveys with a 10 years interval), with re-inventory data from the regional forest inventory, representing the overall forest area in Flanders (2 surveys with a 15 years interval).

Results

The aboveground carbon pools and sequestration rates were higher in the set-aside forests compared to the average forest in Flanders. In the average Flemish forest, the aboveground carbon pool increased from 64.7 to 85.1 tC ha−1, over a period of 15 years. In the set-aside forests, the mean pool was higher at the first measurement and further increased from 84.8 to 102.4 tC ha−1, over a period of 10 years. The mean aboveground annual carbon sequestration rate was 1.3 tC ha−1 year−1 in the average forest in Flanders and 1.8 tC ha−1 year−1 in the set-aside forests. The stocks and fluxes depended on the soil conditions and were higher in set-aside forests on silt and sandy silt sites compared to wet and sand sites. The set-aside forests on dry sites showed additionality in in situ aboveground carbon sequestration. We saw no indication of approaching a culmination point in the first decades following set-aside: plots with high carbon pools did not show lower carbon sequestration. In conclusion, set-aside forests can combine high carbon pools with high sequestration rates on suitable sites. Under the current management policy, we expect Flemish forests—regular and set-aside—to further increase their carbon pools in the coming decades.
Case report: A new de novo 6q21q22.1 interstitial deletion case in a girl with cerebellar vermis hypoplasia and developmental delay and literature review
Authors: Minotti Chiara , Graziani Ludovico , Sallicandro Ester , Digilio Maria Cristina , Falasca Roberto , Alesi Viola , Novelli Giuseppe , Dentici Maria Lisa , Loddo Sara , Novelli Antonio
Published: February 2024

Interstitial deletions involving 6q chromosomal region are rare. Less than 30 patients have been described to date, and fewer have been characterized by high-resolution techniques, such as chromosomal microarray. Deletions involving 6q21q22.1 region are associated with an extremely wide and heterogeneous clinical spectrum, thus genotype–phenotype correlation based on the size of the rearranged region and on the involved genes is complex, even among individuals with overlapping deletions. Here we describe the phenotypic and molecular characterization of a new 6q interstitial deletion in a girl with developmental delay, intellectual disability, cerebellar vermis hypoplasia, facial peculiar characteristics, ataxia and ocular abnormalities. Microarray analysis of the proposita revealed a 7.9 Mb interstitial de novo deletion at 6q21q22.1 chromosomal region, which spanned from nucleotides 108,337,770 to 116,279,453 (GRCh38/hg38). The present case, alongside with a systematic review of the literature, provides further evidence that could aid to the definition of the Smallest Region of Overlap and of the genomic traits that are associated with particular phenotypes, focusing on neurological findings and especially on cerebellar anomalies.
Prevalence of inherited metabolic disorders among newborns in Zhuzhou, a southern city in China
Authors: Luo Hunjin , Wang Jiqing , Chen Junfeng , Yi Huijian , Yang Xiaodong , Peng Yao , Ni Liu , Yang Yi-Qiong , Zhang Xiao-Min , Huang Hongping
Published: February 2024

Background and aims: Defective enzymes, cofactors, or transporters of metabolic pathways cause inherited metabolic disorders (IMDs), a group of genetic disorders. Several IMDs have serious consequences for the affected neonates. Newborn screening for IMDs is conducted by measuring specific metabolites between 3 and 7 days of life. Herein, we analyzed the incidence, spectrum, and genetic characteristics of IMDs in newborns in the Zhuzhou area.

Methods: Tandem mass spectrometry was conducted on 90,829 newborns who were admitted to the Women and Children Healthcare Hospital of Zhuzhou and requested for screening for IMDs. These newborns were subsequently subjected to next-generation sequencing and further validated using Sanger sequencing.

Results: 30 IMDs cases were found in 90,829 cases of newborns screened for IMDs, and the overall incidence was 1/3,027. The incidence of amino acid, organic acid, fatty acid oxidation and urea cycle disorders were 1/8,257, 1/18,165, 1/7,569, and 1/45,414, respectively. Additionally, 9 cases of maternal IMDs were found in our study, and unreported gene mutations of 3 cases IMDs were identified.

Conclusion: Our data indicated that IMDs are never uncommon in zhuzhou, meanwhile, we also found that primary carnitine deficiency was the only disorder of fatty acid oxidation in Zhuzhou, and the incidence (1/7,569) was higher than the national level, organic acid metabolic diseases are mostly inherited. Therefore, our study has clarified the disease spectrum and genetic backgrounds, contributing to the treatment and prenatal genetic counseling of these disorders in this region.
Atopy in chronic urticaria: an important yet overlooked issue
Authors: Chen Qiquan , Yang Xianjie , Ni Bing , Song Zhiqiang
Published: February 2024

Chronic urticaria (CU) is one of the most common dermatological diseases and has a significant impact on the quality of life of patients. However, the pathogenesis of this disease remains unclear. Autoimmunity in chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) has received considerable attention and has been studied previously. Atopy is an important characteristic of CU; however, it has not been fully recognized. Atopy predisposes individuals to immune responses to allergens, leading to type 2 inflammation and immunoglobulin E (IgE) overproduction. Compared with healthy individuals, patients with CU have a higher proportion of atopy, and an atopic background is correlated with the clinical characteristics of CU. The total IgE levels in patients with CU is significantly higher than those in healthy individuals. Although its level is not higher than that in classic allergic diseases, it is closely related to CU. Exogenous allergens, auto-allergens, and specific IgEs, which are closely related to atopy, have been reported, and their roles in CU pathogenesis are also being studied. Local and systemic atopic inflammation is present in patients with CU. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding atopy and CU, speculating that there are CU subtypes, such as atopic CSU or atopic chronic inducible urticaria (CIndU) and that atopy may be involved in the pathogenesis of CU. These findings provide a new perspective for a comprehensive understanding of the clinical features of CU and further research regarding its pathogenesis.
Transgene expression knock-down in recombinant Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara vectors improves genetic stability and sustained transgene maintenance across multiple passages
Authors: Neckermann Patrick , Mohr Madlen , Billmeier Martina , Karlas Alexander , Boilesen Ditte R. , Thirion Christian , Holst Peter J. , Jordan Ingo , Sandig Volker , Asbach Benedikt , Wagner Ralf
Published: February 2024

Modified vaccinia virus Ankara is a versatile vaccine vector, well suited for transgene delivery, with an excellent safety profile. However, certain transgenes render recombinant MVA (rMVA) genetically unstable, leading to the accumulation of mutated rMVA with impaired transgene expression. This represents a major challenge for upscaling and manufacturing of rMVA vaccines. To prevent transgene-mediated negative selection, the continuous avian cell line AGE1.CR pIX (CR pIX) was modified to suppress transgene expression during rMVA generation and amplification. This was achieved by constitutively expressing a tetracycline repressor (TetR) together with a rat-derived shRNA in engineered CR pIX PRO suppressor cells targeting an operator element (tetO) and 3’ untranslated sequence motif on a chimeric poxviral promoter and the transgene mRNA, respectively. This cell line was instrumental in generating two rMVA (isolate CR19) expressing a Macaca fascicularis papillomavirus type 3 (MfPV3) E1E2E6E7 artificially-fused polyprotein following recombination-mediated integration of the coding sequences into the DelIII (CR19 M-DelIII) or TK locus (CR19 M-TK), respectively. Characterization of rMVA on parental CR pIX or engineered CR pIX PRO suppressor cells revealed enhanced replication kinetics, higher virus titers and a focus morphology equaling wild-type MVA, when transgene expression was suppressed. Serially passaging both rMVA ten times on parental CR pIX cells and tracking E1E2E6E7 expression by flow cytometry revealed a rapid loss of transgene product after only few passages. PCR analysis and next-generation sequencing demonstrated that rMVA accumulated mutations within the E1E2E6E7 open reading frame (CR19 M-TK) or deletions of the whole transgene cassette (CR19 M-DelIII). In contrast, CR pIX PRO suppressor cells preserved robust transgene expression for up to 10 passages, however, rMVAs were more stable when E1E2E6E7 was integrated into the TK as compared to the DelIII locus. In conclusion, sustained knock-down of transgene expression in CR pIX PRO suppressor cells facilitates the generation, propagation and large-scale manufacturing of rMVA with transgenes hampering viral replication.
Integrin CD11c regulates B cell homeostasis
Authors: Hou Lifei , Sin Yi-Cheng , Chen Yue , Yuki Koichi
Published: February 2024

CD11c is widely known as a cell surface marker for dendritic cells, but we recently showed that it regulates neutrophil and T cell functions. Because we found that CD11c knockout (KO) mice had lower blood B cell counts, we characterized B cell profile in developmental stages. We found that CD11c KO recirculating and mature B cells was significantly fewer compared with wild type, associated with exaggerated proliferation and apoptosis. Because they did not express CD11c, we sought for the possibility of CD11c-mediated non-intrinsic regulation of B cell proliferation and apoptosis. Here we hypothesized that dendritic cells, major cells expressing CD11c would regulate B cells indirectly. The proteomics of dendritic cells cultured in vitro indicated the downregulation of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). Less MIF was also confirmed by ELISA. Furthermore, plasma MIF level was significantly lower in naïve CD11c KO mice. Because MIF regulates B cell survival, we demonstrated a novel regulatory mechanism of naïve B cells via CD11c.
Multitask prediction models for serous ovarian cancer by preoperative CT image assessments based on radiomics
Authors: Fu Le , Wang Wenjing , Lin Lingling , Gao Feng , Yang Jiani , Lv Yunyun , Ge Ruiqiu , Wu Meixuan , Chen Lei , Liu Aie , Xin Enhui , Yu Jianli , Cheng Jiejun , Wang Yu
Published: February 2024

Objective

High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) has the highest mortality rate among female reproductive system tumors. Accurate preoperative assessment is crucial for treatment planning. This study aims to develop multitask prediction models for HGSOC using radiomics analysis based on preoperative CT images.

Methods

This study enrolled 112 patients diagnosed with HGSOC. Laboratory findings, including serum levels of CA125, HE-4, and NLR, were collected. Radiomic features were extracted from manually delineated ROI on CT images by two radiologists. Classification models were developed using selected optimal feature sets to predict R0 resection, lymph node invasion, and distant metastasis status. Model evaluation was conducted by quantifying receiver operating curves (ROC), calculating the area under the curve (AUC), De Long’s test.

Results

The radiomics models applied to CT images demonstrated superior performance in the testing set compared to the clinical models. The area under the curve (AUC) values for the combined model in predicting R0 resection were 0.913 and 0.881 in the training and testing datasets, respectively. De Long’s test indicated significant differences between the combined and clinical models in the testing set (p = 0.003). For predicting lymph node invasion, the AUCs of the combined model were 0.868 and 0.800 in the training and testing datasets, respectively. The results also revealed significant differences between the combined and clinical models in the testing set (p = 0.002). The combined model for predicting distant metastasis achieved AUCs of 0.872 and 0.796 in the training and test datasets, respectively. The combined model displayed excellent agreement between observed and predicted results in predicting R0 resection, while the radiomics model demonstrated better calibration than both the clinical model and combined model in predicting lymph node invasion and distant metastasis. The decision curve analysis (DCA) for predicting R0 resection favored the combined model over both the clinical and radiomics models, whereas for predicting lymph node invasion and distant metastasis, DCA favored the radiomics model over both the clinical model and combined model.

Conclusion

The identified radiomics signature holds potential value in preoperatively evaluating the R0, lymph node invasion and distant metastasis in patients with HGSC. The radiomics nomogram demonstrated the incremental value of clinical predictors for surgical outcome and metastasis estimation.
Common differential diagnosis of low back pain in contemporary medical practice: a narrative review
Authors: Ferdinandov Dilyan , Yankov Dimo , Trandzhiev Martin
Published: February 2024

With a wide range of etiologies, low back pain (LBP) presents a true clinical challenge, finding its origins both in intrinsic spinal and systemic conditions, as well as referred ones. This review categorizes the LBP into these three groups and aims to offer a comprehensive look at the tools required to diagnose and differentiate them. The intrinsic etiologies are based on conditions that affect the musculoskeletal components of the lumbar spine, such as intervertebral disc disease, stenosis, muscular imbalance, and facet joint degeneration. The systemic causes usually extend beyond local structures. Such are the cases of neoplasia, infections, and chronic inflammation. The diagnosis is rendered even more complex by adding the referred pain, which only manifests in the lower back yet arises in more distant locations. By synthesizing the literature that encompasses the problem, this review aims to augment the understanding of the differential diagnoses of LBP by showcasing the subject’s nuances. This categorization provides a structured approach to a patient-centered diagnosis, which could facilitate the medical practitioners’ efforts to navigate this pathology more effectively.