bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FEATURES OF FORMATION OF MISCANTHUS PLANTING MATERIAL IN CONDITIONS OF DRIP IRRIGATION
Authors: Doronin V. A. , Sinchenko V. , Driga V. V. , Kravchenko Yu. A. , Polishchuk V. V. , Mykolayko V. P. , Polishchuk T. V.
Published: April 2020

To establish the biological characteristics of growth and development of plants and the formation of planting material of miscanthus under conditions of drip irrigation. Methods. Field, laboratory, visual, measuring, weight, mathematical-statistical. Results. Represented the effectiveness of cultivation of planting material of miscanthus under conditions of drip irrigation without the application of Maxi Marin absorbent and when it is added to the period of planting of the rhizome. High survival of miscanthus plants in transplanting them from growing to open ground is established. In the conditions of drip irrigation it was 4.9% (without absorbent) and 3.3% (for making absorbent) more than without irrigation was. Drip irrigation significantly influenced the plant height and the formation of stems, while the introduction of absorbent was observed only a tendency of increase of these indicators. Introducing absorbent in rainfed conditions has resulted in a substantial increase in the content of free water in the leaves of miscanthus. Drip irrigation has contributed to intensive growth of not only land mass, and the mass of roots that provided a significant increase in the yield of planting material - the rhizome. The average for years of research weight uterine rhizome in drip irrigation was greater in control (without absorbent) by 62.8%, or 917,9 g than the absorbent application, respectively, the 61.8% or 912,7 g compared to irrigated conditions. Conclusions. The use of an absorbent as in rainfed conditions without irrigation, and in drip irrigation did not provide the increase of biometric parameters of the plants, weight of roots and, consequently, the output of planting material - the rhizome. The increase of these indicators was significantly affected only drip irrigation. In drip irrigation without any absorbent and when it is added from one of the ovaries rhizomes obtained mass was 15-20 g in 1.5 and weighing 25-30 g in 1.4 times more compared to the cultivation of ovaries without irrigation.
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND CROP YIELD OF NATURAL PASTURES OF THE SOUTHEAST OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Karynbayev A. K. , Baimukanov D. A. , Bekenov D. M. , Yuldashbayev Yu. A. , Chindaliyev A. E.
Published: April 2020

An analysis of the composition and structure of the vegetation cover, depending on the season of usage, shows that in the spring period of use, all groups of types contain wormwood more than others (42.3%; 48.1%; 63.1%). According to the content of teresken in the grass stand, depending on plant communities, noticeable differences were also found, and their content varied from 14.3 -28.7% and the content of Kochia changed from 8.1-9.9%. The proportion of short-vegetative ephemers and ephemeroids with a spring development cycle, depending on the type groups, ranged from 10.0 to 7.6%.
In the summer period, the use of wormwood, teresken and Kochia content increased and amounted to 44.7%, 57.8%, 68.9%; 28.1%; 29.4%; 14.7%; and 10.0%; 10.7%; 8.9%, respectively. The content of mixed herbs and saltwort during this period of the study is markedly reduced and amounts to 8.2%; 4.1% 9.0%; 2.1%; 3.5%.
The forage mass in the absinthial-ephemeral areas of the pastures consists mainly of wormwood, the remaining plants conclude no more than 15-20%.
WORLD EXPERIENCE OF SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF BANKS
Authors: Bimuratova A. , Tokareva E. , Makhatova A. , Cherep A.
Published: April 2020

The commercial activities of banks directly affect the society in which they operate, and future business successes are closely linked to key social values. Considering the specifics of the activities of commercial banks, trust is becoming one of the most important conditions for a normally functioning banking services market, and the level of profits is increasingly determined not by the technology of the provision of services, but by the correct positioning of banks in the social environment based on social responsibility and reputation. The level of socially responsible behavior of banks has a direct impact not only on the sustainable development of society, but also on the stability of the banks themselves. The problem of corporate social responsibility is increasingly reflected in the media and scientific works of prominent scientists. It must be understood that the social responsibility of business is much wider than is commonly believed. Key words: social responsibility, commercial banks, globalization, socially responsible business.
RIGHT TO RESPECT FOR PRIVATE AND FAMILY LIFE AND PUBLIC SERVICE: PRACTICE OF THE EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS
Authors: Fomina L. Yu.
Published: April 2020

The article studies the application of Article 8 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, which guarantees the right to respect for private and family life, to the professional activities of civil servants. To summarize and analyze the practice of the European Court of Human Rights in this domain, a dialectical method of cognition was used, as well as such scientific methods as logical, formal legal and other methods, provided that in general the systematic approach was observed.
The two approaches to the analysis of interference with private and family life in connection with professional activities: one is based on reasons and the other one – on consequences, were studied. It was concluded that restricting this right in relation to civil servants is admissible if there is a relevant law, a legitimate goal, the need for a democratic society. The correlation of the right to respect for private and family life of civil servants and the right to freely express your opinion guaranteed to everyone was analyzed. It was concluded that it is necessary to search in each case for a fair balance of these rights, taking into account both the interests of society and individuals.
Sorting Out the Role of the Sortilin-Related Receptor 1 in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Barthelson Karissa , Newman Morgan , Lardelli Michael
Published: April 2020

Sortilin-related receptor 1 (SORL1) encodes a large, multi-domain containing, membrane-bound receptor involved in endosomal sorting of proteins between the trans-Golgi network, endosomes and the plasma membrane. It is genetically associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common form of dementia. SORL1 is a unique gene in AD, as it appears to show strong associations with the common, late-onset, sporadic form of AD and the rare, early-onset familial form of AD. Here, we review the genetics of SORL1 in AD and discuss potential roles it could play in AD pathogenesis.
Detection of Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer on Biparametric MRI Using Vesical Imaging-Reporting and Data System and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Values (VI-RADS/ADC)
Authors: Sakamoto Kazumasa , Ito Masaya , Ikuta Shuzo , Nakanishi Yasukazu , Kataoka Madoka , Takemura Kosuke , Suzuki Hiroaki , Tobisu Ken-Ichi , Kamai Takao , Koga Fumitaka
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND:

Vesical Imaging-Reporting And Data System (VI-RADS) was proposed to detect muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate the performance of VI-RADS and additional value of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values measured on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for detecting MIBC.

METHODS:

A total of 176 patients undergoing MRI (multiparametric in 97 [55%] and biparametric in 79 [45%]) before transurethral resection of bladder tumor for primary bladder cancer were retrospectively identified. MRI findings were scored according to VI-RADS. The standardized tumor ADC (sT-ADC: tumor ADC/gluteus maximus ADC) was calculated and used to account for the incompatibility among different MRI protocols. The accuracy of VI-RADS, sT-ADC and their combination to detect MIBC was assessed using the AUC of the ROC curve.

RESULTS:

MIBC was pathologically confirmed in 46 patients (26%). AUC of VI-RADS to detect MIBC was 0.86. When cut-off of VI-RADS was set at≥3 and≥4, sensitivity/specificity were 78% /70% and 63% /96%, respectively. A lower sT-ADC (≤0.894) was significantly associated with muscle invasion ( p < 0.01, AUC 0.79) with sensitivity 78% and specificity 79%. Combination of VI-RADS and sT-ADC improved the accuracy (AUC 0.94); sensitivity was 100% when VI-RADS≥3 or sT-ADC≤0.894 was considered positive, and specificity was 99% when VI-RADS≥4 and sT-ADC≤0.894 was considered positive. Incorporation of sT-ADC reduced under-staging of MIBC as VI-RADS < 3 by 100% and over-staging of non-MIBC as VI-RADS≥4 by 80%.

CONCLUSIONS:

Incorporation of ADC values into VI-RADS improves accuracy to detect MIBC in primary bladder cancer patients.
Total quality management in the healthcare sector: An empirical research from Ethiopia
Authors: Getele Gutama Kusse , Jean Arrive Tsitaire
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND:

TQM in health care institutions is a method for improving the effectiveness of work in general, and it is the view of the administration that tries to communicate with all stakeholders in the organization to achieve high-quality continuous improvement.

OBJECTIVE:

The objectives of the study are to analyses the feasibility of TQM in the public health organization in Ethiopia. This study deals with the implementation of the health organization by evaluating the performance of TQM.

METHODS:

The target sample was selected using the stratified random sampling method and also takes into account the quantitative methodological framework. The study is based on the Descriptive Approaches, focusing on the analysis of the sample and the main characteristics of its members.

RESULTS:

The study results show that there is significant awareness of TQM principles, benefits achieved by the TQM application, obstacles hampered by TQM application, and there are statistically significant differences in perception practitioners of the nursing profession to the importance of TQM application in the public healthcare organization in Ethiopia.

CONCLUSIONS:

Several conclusions were drawn on the subject of this study to propose appropriate recommendations for management. This study strongly recommended that hospital management should make efforts to create an advanced information system to effectively ensure TQM.
Incidence of Young Onset Dementia in Central Norway: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Kvello-Alme Marte , Bråthen Geir , White Linda R. , Sando Sigrid Botne
Published: April 2020

Background:

The epidemiology of young onset dementia is little researched compared to late onset dementia. Information on incidence rates is vital for medical professionals, and for government planning purposes.

Objective:

To determine the incidence of young onset dementia in a defined catchment area of central Norway.

Methods:

The target area was Trøndelag county in central Norway with a total population of 449,796 inhabitants per January 1, 2016. We applied multiple case ascertainment strategies with sources from both primary and secondary healthcare facilities. Included patients received a diagnosis of dementia according to DSM-IV in the ages 30 to 64 years during the years 2015–2017. Subtypes of dementia were diagnosed according to standardized criteria. Incidence rates for dementia and Alzheimer’s disease with dementia were calculated according to age and sex.

Results:

A total of 89 incident cases were included. Incidence rates for dementia were 14.8 and 25.0 per 100,000 person-years for the age range 30–64 and 45–64, respectively. Corresponding incidence rates for Alzheimer’s disease were 6.7 and 11.8. Alzheimer’s disease represented half of all dementias. A majority of patients above the age of 50 had neurodegenerative disease, whereas non-degenerative disorders were more prevalent in younger patients.

Conclusion:

Young onset dementia is a significant contributor to the overall occurrence of dementia in central Norway, and Alzheimer’s disease is by far the most common diagnosis.
Plasma Neurofilament Light and Longitudinal Progression of White Matter Hyperintensity in Elderly Persons Without Dementia
Authors: Sun Yan , Tan Lin , Xu Wei , Wang Zuo-Teng , Hu Hao , Li Jie-Qiong , Dong Qiang , Tan Lan , Yu Jin-Tai ,   on behalf of Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: April 2020

White matter hyperintensities (WMH) is mainly caused by cerebrovascular injury and may also increase the possibilities of progression to Alzheimer’s disease. The present study aims to determine whether plasma neurofilament light (NFL) protein levels could predict the progression of WMH volume in elderly persons without dementia. The present study enrolled 1029 non-dementia participants from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative in which all had measurements of plasma NFL and WMH at baseline and 589 had longitudinal measurements during follow-up. Spearman correlation analyses and regression models were used to assess cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between plasma NFL and WMH. Plasma NFL concentration had a moderately strong correlation with WMH at baseline (r = 0.17, p < 0.001). Longitudinal analyses showed that higher baseline plasma NFL concentration was associated with accelerated progression of WMH (β=0.015, p = 0.007). Furthermore, higher change rates of plasma NFL could predict faster progression of WMH in the future (β=0.581, p = 0.002). The results of the study suggest that plasma NFL level might be used as a noninvasive biomarker to track variation trend in WMH in elderly persons without dementia.
Cognitive Effects of Treating Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Wang Mei-Ling , Wang Chong , Tuo Miao , Yu Yang , Wang Lin , Yu Jin-Tai , Tan Lan , Chi Song
Published: April 2020

Background:

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with cognitive impairment and increased risks of dementia. However, the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on cognitive function in patients with OSA is still controversial.

Objective:

To evaluate the cognitive effects of CPAP treatment on OSA.

Methods:

We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials (RCT) in the corresponding fields.

Results:

Totally 14 studies and 1,926 participants were included in our meta-analysis. Standardized mean difference (SMD) or weighted mean difference (WMD) were calculated for subjective sleepiness and cognitive domains including attention and speed of information processing, executive function, and memory. Individual cognitive scale and subgroup analyses according to OSA severity, length of trial, and RCT design type were further conducted. Significant treatment effect on attention and speed of information processing was only observed in severe OSA patients (SMD, 0.17; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.31; p = 0.025; I2 = 0%).

Conclusions:

Therefore, our meta-analysis indicates that CPAP treatment can partially improve cognitive impairment in the population of severe OSA.
Analysis of underground propagation effects of lightning electromagnetic fields in different geological environments
Authors: Zhang Yunfeng , Gu Jialiang , Zhang Erchun
Published: April 2020

Studying underground propagation effects of lightning electromagnetic fields in different geological environments will contribute to more reasonable designs for protecting underground cables and electronic equipment. In this paper, we have analyzed influences of different geological environments, depths and soil water content on underground propagation of lightning electromagnetic fields in detail by using the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method in the 2-D cylindrical coordinate system to calculate components of underground electromagnetic fields at a horizontal distance of 200 m, including vertical electric field E z, horizontal electric field E r and azimuthal magnetic field H φ. The results show that the underground electric field is predominantly horizontal. Propagation of lightning electromagnetic fields in wet clay and wet limestone environment changes significantly compared to freshwater environment. Attenuation is larger with depth in wet clay and wet limestone, while propagation is unaffected in freshwater. When water content in soils ranges from 5% to 25%, the vertical electric field has the largest attenuation and the azimuthal magnetic field has the least attenuation. The electromagnetic fields in clay are most sensitive to changes in water content.
Hybrid fuzzy-genetic algorithm to automated discovery of prediction rules
Authors: Fadel Ibrahim A. , Alsanabani Hussein , Öz Cemil , Kamal Tariq , İskefiyeli Murat , Abdien Fawzia
Published: April 2020

Genetic algorithm is one of data mining classification techniques and it has been applied successfully in a wide range of applications. However, the performance of Genetic algorithm fluctuates significantly. This research work combines Genetic algorithm with fuzzy logic to adapt dynamically crossover and mutation parameters of Genetic algorithm. Two different datasets are taken during the experiment. Several experiments have been performed to prove the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Results show that the rules generated from a proposed algorithm are significantly better with high fitness and more efficient as compared to a normal Genetic algorithm.
Simulating neutron transport in long beamlines at a spallation neutron source using Geant4
Authors: DiJulio Douglas D. , Svensson Isak , Cai Xiao Xiao , Cederkall Joakim , Bentley Phillip M.
Published: April 2020

The transport of neutrons in long beamlines at spallation neutron sources presents a unique challenge for Monte-Carlo transport calculations. This is due to the need to accurately model the deep-penetration of high-energy neutrons through meters of thick dense shields close to the source and at the same time to model the transport of low- energy neutrons across distances up to around 150 m in length. Typically, such types of calculations may be carried out with MCNP-based codes or alternatively PHITS. However, in recent years there has been an increased interest in the suitability of Geant4 for such types of calculations. Therefore, we have implemented supermirror physics, a neutron chopper module and the duct-source variance reduction technique for low- energy neutron transport from the PHITS Monte-Carlo code into Geant4. In the current work, we present a series of benchmarks of these extensions with the PHITS software, which demonstrates the suitability of Geant4 for simulating long neutron beamlines at a spallation neutron source, such as the European Spallation Source, currently under construction in Lund, Sweden.
Reducing starting position bias in the Speedway Grand Prix
Authors: Williamson Craig A.
Published: April 2020

The Speedway Grand Prix (SGP) is the pinnacle of individual speedway competition. In each SGP meeting, riders are allocated a ‘starting position’ from 1 to 16 that dictates the order in which they ride and their coloured ‘gate’ for each race. Data from 152 SGP meetings from 2005 to 2018 have been analysed to calculate the average score for each starting position. Starting position 13 has the highest average score of 8.37 points with a success rate (top eight finish) of 57%, while starting position 4 has the lowest average score of 6.57 points with a 38% success rate. This starting position bias is attributed to the colours of a starting position’s gates, their timing during a meeting, and the proximity of rides to a track preparation session. To correct this bias, a new SGP heat format has been created that minimises the spread of starting position average scores. The ‘Proposal B’ heat format has been shown to reduce the spread of starting position average scores down to 0.55 points compared with 1.80 points under the current heat format. This new heat format has the potential to make SGP meetings fairer, while enhancing spectator excitement by producing tighter and more competitive meetings. The Proposal B heat format is therefore recommended for use in future SGP series.
Bedside sonography performed by neonatology residents to confirm central vascular catheter position in neonates – A Prospective Diagnostic Evaluation study
Authors: Shabeer M.P. , Abiramalatha T. , Gibikote S. , Rebekah G. , Thomas N.
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and utility of bedside ultrasound (US) by neonatology residents to confirm position of umbilical venous catheter (UVC), umbilical arterial catheter (UAC), and peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC).

METHODS:

In this prospective study, we included neonates who required UVC, UAC or PICC insertion. Two neonatology residents performed all bedside US examinations after a short period of training. Plain radiograph was taken as gold standard. Time taken for confirmation of catheter position by US and radiograph was recorded.

RESULTS:

We recruited 71 neonates for UVC and UAC, and 40 neonates for PICC. Sensitivity and specificity of US in identifying a malpositioned catheter was good for UVC (94% and 66.7% respectively) and UAC (86.7% and 94.5%). Agreement between radiograph and US was good for UVC [0.718 (0.512, 0.861); p < 0.001] and UAC [0.857 (0.682, 0.953); p < 0.001]. Sensitivity (47.8%) of US in identifying a malpositioned PICC was low, though specificity (82.4%) was good. Agreement between radiograph and US in identifying PICC position was poor [0.25 (–0.084, 0.545); p 0.024]. This was due to incorrect interpretation of catheter position on radiograph in some infants, which was confirmed by the radiologist. The median time taken for US was significantly less than time taken for radiograph in confirming the position of UVC (50 vs. 155 minutes; p < 0.001)), UAC (45 vs. 128 minutes; p < 0.001), and PICC (60 vs. 136 minutes; p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:

US examination byneonatology residents has good diagnostic accuracy in confirming the position of UAC and UVC, and possibly PICC in neonates. The time taken to confirm catheter position by US is significantly less than radiograph.
La Constitución Europea renace de sus cenizas: el Tratado de Lisboa
Authors: Redacción Consejo de
Published: April 2020

Este artículo editorial estudia el Tratado de Lisboa aprobado en octubre pasado. Se recuerda el proyecto de Constitución Europea que fue retirado tras su rechazo en referéndum en Holanda y Francia. Se afirma que este texto consiste en una nueva versión de los dos Tratados en vigor, comparándolo con el proyecto de Constitución citado. Se alude a las propuestas sobre la Presidencia de la Unión, el Alto Representante de Asuntos Exteriores, la definición de la mayoría cualificada y los poderes del Parlamento. Se hace una valoración del proceso (ausencia de liderazgo, práctica del gradualismo, conservación de la mayor parte del contenido de la Constitución aunque perdiendo cierto “élan” europeísta) y del modelo europeo (críticas sobre su carácter demasiado liberal, modelo basado en democracias sociales avanzadas, necesidad de una redefinición de la soberanía). Finalmente se apuntan los retos del futuro de la Unión: ratificar el nuevo Tratado, activar los cambios institucionales, asimilar la ampliación, definir las fronteras de Europa, incorporarse al reto de la globalización, consolidar el nuevo modelo de financiación, reformar la Política Agraria Común, consolidar y ampliar la Unión Monetaria y afrontar como bloque los retos mundiales.
La responsabilidad social corporativa en las PYME: un estudio en empresas asturianas de economía social
Authors: Santos Vijande María Leticia , González–Busto Múgica María Begoña , López Fernández Begoña
Published: April 2020

Este trabajo analiza las prácticas de Responsabilidad Social Corporativa (RSC) desarrolladas por una muestra asturiana de empresas de Economía Social en un ámbito especialmente visible de la RSC: las iniciativas dirigidas a clientes, proveedores y a la sociedad en general. El reducido tamaño empresarial de las empresas de la muestra permite, por añadidura, valorar la diversidad e intensidad de la aplicación de la RSC en las organizaciones más pequeñas. La investigación se completa con el análisis de los beneficios esperados del comportamiento socialmente responsable y de la opinión de las empresas acerca de la posible intervención reguladora de las Administraciones Públicas en este ámbito. Los resultados indican que las organizaciones, dados sus escasos recursos, desarrollan un importante esfuerzo en materia de RSC, en el que no priman los intereses exclusivamente económicos, y para el que consideran esencial el propio compromiso, puesto que en su mayoría excluyen la regulación en esta materia
"Apoyando los procesos de desarrollo. Enfoques y métodos para una ayuda inclusiva"
Authors: Ortega Carpio Mª Luz
Published: April 2020

Recensión de la obra: FERRERO Y DE LOMA–OSORIO , Gabriel (2008) Apoyando los procesos de desarrollo. Enfoques y métodos para una ayuda inclusiva. Madrid, Fundación Carolina – Centro de Estudios para América Latina y la Cooperación Internacional (CeALCI), Documento de trabajo nº 17, 195 pp.
"Estrategia para la competitividad de Andalucía 2007–2013"
Authors: Rodero Franganillo Adolfo
Published: April 2020

Recensión de la obra: Estrategia para la competitividad de Andalucía 2007–2013. Sevilla, Servicio de estudios y publicaciones –Consejería de Economía y Hacienda, 291 pp.
"La era de las turbulencias. Aventuras en un nuevo mundo"
Authors: Rodero Franganillo Adolfo
Published: April 2020

Recensión de la obra de: GREENSPAN, Alan (2008) La era de las turbulencias. Aventuras en un nuevo mundo, Barcelona, B (ediciones), 620 pp.
"Informe anual 2007" y "Cuentas financieras de la Economía Española 1990-2007"
Authors: Rodero Franganillo Adolfo
Published: April 2020

Reseña de la obra de: BANCO DE ESPAÑA (2008) Informe anual 2007, Madrid, Banco de España, 310 pp. / BANCO DE ESPAÑA (2008) Cuentas financieras de la Economía Española 1990-2007, Madrid, Banco de España, 346 pp.
"Finanzas internacionales"
Authors: Rueda Dotor Julio
Published: April 2020

Reseña de la obra: KOZIKOWSKI, Zbigniew (22007) Finanzas internacionales. México, McGrawHill, 478 pp.
"Manual de responsabilidad social para pymes"
Authors: Ariza Montes J. Antonio
Published: April 2020

Reseña de la obra: RUIZ LOZANO, Mercedes (coordinadora), ARAQUE PADILLA, Rafael, MONTERO SIMÓ, Mª José, TIRADO VALENCIA, Pilar, MORALES GUTIÉRREZ, Alfonso Carlos y NUÑEZ-CORTÉS CONTRERAS, Pilar (2007) Manual de responsabilidad social para pymes. Córdoba, Instituto Municipal de Desarrollo Económico y Empleo de Córdoba (IMDEEC) –INSA-ETEA (Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales), 72 pp.
"Tratado de Lisboa (con un estudio preliminar de los editores)"
Authors: Romero Rodríguez, S.I. José Juan
Published: April 2020

Reseña de la obra: MARTÍN Y PÉREZ DE NANCLARES José y URREA CORRES, Mariola, editores (2008) Tratado de Lisboa (con un estudio preliminar de los editores), Madrid, Real Instituto Elcano – Marcial Pons, 342 pp.
Utilitas: la dimensión práctica de la formación universitaria
Authors: Hortal Alonso Augusto
Published: April 2020

Este artículo reflexiona sobre la utilitas, la primera y aparentemente obvia dimensión del paradigma Ledesma– Kolvenbach. Se supone que los centros universitarios jesuitas forman para un ejercicio profesional competente, “útil”. El texto llama la atención sobre el peligro de confundir la utilidad con el utilitarismo. Ignacio de Loyola lo expresaría como preparar para “ayudar”. Evitando el doble escollo del mero saber teórico pero también del puro pragmatismo, una formación “útil” conducirá a una buena práctica profesional, definida como “un conjunto de actuaciones basadas en un cuerpo sistemático de conocimientos, habilidades y destrezas relevantes para resolver determinado tipo de problemas y proporcionar determinado tipo de bienes y servicios”. En el último apartado el autor llama la atención sobre las resistencias y dificultades que el sentido práctico de la formación puede encontrar en la tarea diaria de la docencia y la investigación. Concluye afirmando la necesidad de que esta dimensión práctica (utilitas) esté al servicio de las otras tres que se explicitan en los artículos siguientes: sólo tiene sentido en relación a aquellos fines y bienes a los que sirve.
"Bases for Territory–Based Rural Development in Southeast Region, Vietnam"
Authors: Rodero Franganillo Adolfo
Published: April 2020

Reseña de la obra de: VAN NGAI, Nugyen y THANH LOAN, Le, editores (2008) Bases for Territory–Based Rural Development in Southeast Region, Vietnam, Ho Chi Minh City, VNU–HCM Publisher, 332 pp.
"Estado de la Región en Desarrollo Humano Sostenible. Un informe desde Centroamérica y para Centroamérica"
Authors: Romero Rodríguez José Juan
Published: April 2020

Reseña de la obra de: PROGRAMA ESTADO DE LA NACIÓN (COSTA RICA) (2008), Estado de la Región en Desarrollo Humano Sostenible. Un informe desde Centroamérica y para Centroamérica. Ed. Programa Estado de la Nación, San José de Costa Rica, 656 pp.
Panorama de la integración centroamericana: Dinámica, intereses y actores
Authors: Caldentey del Pozo Pedro
Published: April 2020

La integración centroamericana es el proceso latinoamericano de integración que muestra mayor dinamismo aunque su funcionamiento y desarrollo no está libre de cierta confusión y persista la duda de hasta dónde llega la voluntad de los países por profundizarla. En los últimos años se han producido avances significativos en materia de reforma institucional, en el establecimiento de la unión aduanera y en las negociaciones comerciales con terceros (CAFTA con EEUU y Acuerdo de Asociación con la UE). Pese a las dudas que pueda generar su agenda expansiva y el desorden de sus procesos, el Sistema de la Integración Centroamericana es un proceso vivo, que ofrece soluciones al desarrollo de la región y en el que participan activamente buena parte de sus principales actores.
El desarrollo institucional en el contexto de la ineficacia de la ayuda: ¿qué podemos hacer?
Authors: Bandeira Pablo
Published: April 2020

¿Qué es el desarrollo institucional?, ¿hasta qué punto es necesario para el desarrollo económico y social de los países?, ¿qué instituciones concretas promueven el desarrollo?, ¿por qué no se implantan de forma natural?, ¿cómo fomentarlas a través de la cooperación internacional? Estas son las preguntas a las que, dentro del contexto de la ineficacia que parece estar teniendo la Ayuda Oficial para el Desarrollo hasta ahora, trata de responder este artículo, partiendo de los estudios que se han publicado recientemente a nivel internacional. Se termina haciendo una llamada a los organismos de cooperación para que consideren de manera más explícita, técnica y transparente los problemas políticos de los países receptores de la ayuda.
Las tres caras del asociacionismo en la marisma del Guadalquivir: arroceros, pescadores e industriales
Authors: Muñoz Sánchez Víctor Manuel
Published: April 2020

El objetivo de este artículo es contribuir a sistematizar la articulación de intereses dentro del sector arrocero, a fin de perfilar las distintas posturas, así como poner encima de la mesa los discursos y políticas desarrolladas por los actores sociales que participan en este sector. En cuanto a su contenido, se realiza un acercamiento a la historia de los principales agentes vinculados al sector del arrozal, para mostrar sus intereses y los principales cambios y retos a los que se enfrentan en la actualidad.
"Ensayos sobre Economía, Discapacidad y Empleo"
Authors: Cruz Maroto Marco Antonio
Published: April 2020

Reseña de la obra de: ALONSO GONZÁLEZ, P., CANTARERO PRIETO, D., NÚÑEZ VELÁZQUEZ, J.J., PASCUAL SÁEZ, M. (2009), Ensayos sobre Economía, Discapacidad y Empleo. Madrid, Delta.
Una concepción “más humana” y “omnicomprensiva” de las relaciones económicas: la “democracia económica”
Authors: Jiménez Escobar Julio , Morales Gutiérrez Alfonso Carlos
Published: April 2020

En el mes de julio de 2009 se publicó la primera encíclica social del Papa Benedicto XVI: Caritas in Veritate. Con este motivo, el habitual texto editorial de la Revista Fomento Social ha sido sustituido en este número por un grupo de reflexiones de carácter interdisciplinar realizadas por algunos de los miembros de su consejo de redacción. Así, éstos han abordado los temas en los que habitualmente trabajan, pero “reinterpretándolos” a la luz de la lectura del texto papal. Enumeramos a continuación estas aportaciones individuales, cuyos títulos resumen claramente la temática a la que se refieren: “Primera encíclica social de Benedicto XVI: claves de comprensión” (Ildefonso Camacho Laraña); “Sistema económico, modelos de empresa y cultura empresarial” (Juan Ignacio Font Galán); “Una concepción  y  de las relaciones económicas: la ” (Julio Jiménez Escobar y Alfonso Carlos Morales Gutiérrez); “Empresa y sociedad: el enfoque de la responsabilidad social de la empresa” (Rafael Araque Padilla); “Las finanzas y la crisis económica financiera” (Mª del Carmen López Martín y Adolfo Rodero Franganillo); “Ecología y problemas medioambientales. Orientaciones para la praxis desde otro marco cultural” (Juan Antonio Senent de Frutos); “Desarrollo y cooperación” (José Juan Romero Rodríguez) y “Fraternidad, camino para la familia humana” (José Mª Margenat Peralta).
Desarrollo y cooperación
Authors: Romero Rodríguez José Juan
Published: April 2020

En el mes de julio de 2009 se publicó la primera encíclica social del Papa Benedicto XVI: Caritas in Veritate. Con este motivo, el habitual texto editorial de la Revista Fomento Social ha sido sustituido en este número por un grupo de reflexiones de carácter interdisciplinar realizadas por algunos de los miembros de su consejo de redacción. Así, éstos han abordado los temas en los que habitualmente trabajan, pero “reinterpretándolos” a la luz de la lectura del texto papal. Enumeramos a continuación estas aportaciones individuales, cuyos títulos resumen claramente la temática a la que se refieren: “Primera encíclica social de Benedicto XVI: claves de comprensión” (Ildefonso Camacho Laraña); “Sistema económico, modelos de empresa y cultura empresarial” (Juan Ignacio Font Galán); “Una concepción  y  de las relaciones económicas: la ” (Julio Jiménez Escobar y Alfonso Carlos Morales Gutiérrez); “Empresa y sociedad: el enfoque de la responsabilidad social de la empresa” (Rafael Araque Padilla); “Las finanzas y la crisis económica financiera” (Mª del Carmen López Martín y Adolfo Rodero Franganillo); “Ecología y problemas medioambientales. Orientaciones para la praxis desde otro marco cultural” (Juan Antonio Senent de Frutos); “Desarrollo y cooperación” (José Juan Romero Rodríguez) y “Fraternidad, camino para la familia humana” (José Mª Margenat Peralta).
Si quieres promover la paz, protege la creación
Authors: XVI Benedicto
Published: April 2020

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"La economía de Andalucía: diagnóstico estratégico"
Authors: Rodero Franganillo Adolfo
Published: April 2020

Reseña de la obra de: HERCE, José A., director técnico (2007) La economía de Andalucía: diagnóstico estratégico, Barcelona, Servicio de Estudios “La Caixa”, 124 pp.
"Junto a mi pueblo, con su revolución"
Authors: Yuste Charques Rafael
Published: April 2020

Reseña de la obra de: CARDENAL, Fernando (2009) Junto a mi pueblo, con su revolución. Memorias, Madrid, Trotta.
Physical Unclonable Function
Authors: Anagnostopoulos Nikolaos Athanasios
Published: April 2020

A Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) is hardware that acts as a one-way function, whose each different instance provides unique outputs for the same distinct input. Although recent research has demonstrated the merits of PUFs as security primitives for resource-constrained computer systems, better implementations of them need to be identified by future research, in order for them to be commercially adopted. Nevertheless, PUFs have already found application in the implementation of a large number of cryptographic protocols and other security solutions. A number of well-known metrics have been proposed in the literature in order to assess the quality of individual PUF implementations as security mechanisms, in terms of the stability, uniqueness and randomness of their responses.
COST - BENEFIT ANALYSIS
Authors: Gunes Nizamulmulk
Published: April 2020

Cost - benefit analysis (CBA) is a method that is used for making investment decisions in public and private sector, and comparing benefits and costs resulting from the investments. This method attempts to determine present value of potential benefits and costs of any intended investment, and selects the project with the most benefits by comparing various projects designed for the investment.
Recent advancements in cataphoretic coatings with graphene as reinforcing filler
Authors: Rossi Stefano , Calovi Massimo
Published: April 2020

Graphene represents an innovative material, which possesses a unique combination of properties. The remarkable features of this material allow it to be often used as a reinforcing filler in organic based coatings. The excellent conductivity and mechanical strength properties of graphene produce a significant increase in the performance of the polymer matrix. Recently, however, scholars have focused on the barrier effect properties that can be provided by graphene flakes to obtain high corrosion resistance coatings. If well distributed in the polymeric matrix, in fact, the graphene-based sheets are able to provide a high resistance to the passage of aggressive ions, fundamental for the development of corrosion processes on the metal substrate. The distribution of graphene-based fillers, however, is a critical aspect, which can be improved by means of certain oxidation and functionalization processes of graphene flakes. Recent studies have shown the possibility of combining the excellent features of cataphoretic processes with the remarkable protective properties of graphene-based fillers in the creation of high-performance multifunctional composite coatings. The functionalized graphene oxide flakes, in the correct amount, can in fact increase the protective performance of cataphoretic coatings, as well as providing additional features such as mechanical strength and high conductivity.
Pearlescent Pigments: history, properties and application in powder coatings
Authors: Rossi Stefano , Russo Francesca
Published: April 2020

Special effect pigments are gaining more and more attention from industries because they allow obtaining peculiar optical effects, which can be exploited in many applications, from plastics and car coatings to the cosmetic field. Among the special effect pigments, it is possible to count metal effect pigments and pearlescent pigments. The latter type shows great potentiality as these pigments are easily produced with controlled morphological characteristics, thus having unique optical properties, such as dependence of colour on the viewing angle, colour change effects and crystal-like effects. There are many types of pearlescent pigments available on the market: the most important part is represented by mica-based pigments, but also pigments based on silica or alumina flakes are becoming increasingly popular. Alumina-based pigments show the well-known advantages of mica-based pigments together with the ease of incorporation in many different binders as well as peculiar optical effects. In the last decades, researchers focused their attention on the development of new pearlescent pigments; but in recent years emerged the necessity to study the behaviour of these pigments within commercial polymer binders as well. The study of the pigment-matrix system is fundamental to gain further insights on the behaviour of the single components and on their combined effects. For this reason, it is possible to assess the protection and aesthetical properties of the coatings admixed with pearlescent pigments exploiting UV exposure tests as well as salt spray exposure tests.
Essential Oils and Terpenes in Relation to Routes of Intake
Authors: Koyama Sachiko , Heinbockel Thomas
Published: April 2020

The history of using essential oils is extremely long but the scientific studies at the chemical compound level are still in need. Essential oils have been used in three different ways: using diffusers, which will use the olfactory system primarily; drinking, which will use primarily the digestive system; and topical application, which will enter primarily through the skin. Various effects of essential oils have been reported so far. These diversity in the influences of essential oils could be due to 1) different chemical compounds or combination of different chemical compounds used, or 2) the differences in the routes (olfactory, skin, gut-intestine) the same essential oil activated, which suggest that different routes activate different receptors and thus different chemical signaling pathways. We need to consider these different routes as well as the differences in the chemical compounds in studying the influences of essential oils. It is also very important to conduct studies at the chemical compound level rather than using the whole essential oil in order to know which chemical compound affects. Using chemical compounds will enable precise control of the concentration in studying the effects as well.
ELECTRICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE WATER ADSORPTION MECHANISM ON NATURAL CLINOPTILOLITE
Authors: Carotenuto Gianfranco
Published: April 2020

Zeolites are ionic conductors and the cation electrical mobility in zeolites depends on their hydration state; consequently, the water adsorption/desorption process can be simply investigated by measuring the temporal evolution of current intensity in samples exposed to an environment with constant humidity or dry air, respectively. According to this kinetic analysis, a mechanism has been formulated for the water adsorption process able to justify the Lagergren pseudo-first-order kinetics observed for adsorption and the first-order kinetics observed for desorption. In this mechanism water molecules are first attract by the electric field of the cations and then they move at cation-framework interface to maximize the hydrogen bond interactions.
The forward-looking features of metal-dielectric composites in thin-film technology applications
Authors: Nur E Alam Mohammad , Vasiliev Mikhail
Published: April 2020

In Dielectric/Metal/Dielectric (DMD) type multilayer coating applications, it is very important to achieve simultaneously highly stable and durable optical properties together with accurate control over the apparent color properties of coated glass, in both reflection and transmission. In this encyclopedia entry, we report on the properties of RF magnetron co-sputtered metal-dielectric composite (MDC) material systems of interest for forward-looking applications in the areas of thin-film nanomaterials and optical coatings.
Soil Biology in the Ecuadorian Amazon
Authors: Huera-Lucero Thony
Published: April 2020

For many decades the Ecuadorian Amazon has been used as source of resources for cities both at national and international level. These facts had important consequences and environmental impacts, affecting from the smallest living organisms of the soil to the indigenous communities and peoples that inhabit the Amazon rainforest, as well as the flora and fauna biodiversity. With the change in land use, the Amazonian territory has been progressively affected and it is gradually decreasing, leaving behind poor soils.  Production conditions result modified by the implementation of large monocultures and livestock systems, a situation that directly affects soil and soil fauna. For this reason, we considered interesting to study, understand and compare the behavior of building organisms in natural and intervened areas, through sampling, inventories and laboratory analysis with the aim of developing and implementing production systems (chakras, agroforestry or silvopastoral systems), which benefit both the small producer and the ecosystem and life that inhabits it. Since there are no easily available compiled papers regarding the "Soil Biology in the Ecuadorian Amazon" in this work we collect information that allows us to offer a framework on the topics of changes in land use, typology of Amazonian soils and its main inhabitats organisms. All these date let to be considered as evidences of the degree of the health/disturbance of the corresponding soils.
Biological Quality of Soils for the Case of Ecuadorian Amazon
Authors: Huera-Lucero Thony
Published: April 2020

As is it known, soil is the basis of all activity in which man is involved. At the same time, it is the key factor for the development of the life and biodiversity of the planet's flora and fauna. Hence, as result of global warming and climate change, ecological research has recently increased its importance on the bases that extensive forest areas, act as carbon sinks mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. But no less important for investigation should be to inquire under this plant cover. Because there is a totally unimaginable and diverse world that remains in constant interactions to keep alive and from the green covering habitat to the diverse forms from small mammals to man. Man in its early days learned to manage the soil with the aim of producing food. Afterwards the exponential growth of the population was produced, and a high demand for food, caused the expansion of livestock borders, caused the devastation of large areas of forests, and generated a great impact to the soil and ecosystem. As a result, the change in land use and the application of chemicals impoverished and impairs the soil and the life that inhabits it. This is why this work highlights the importance of the biological component of soil to the context of the Amazon of Ecuador. For this reason, is important to consider different organisms as Essential Indicators of Soil Quality, mainly for the tropical soil field. In order to reach this objective, we compiled information presenting it in tables. They facilitate the interpretation of the importance of species of organisms and parameters from a biological point of view. At the same time, they can be used as a theoretical basis for the development of projects and research aimed to the management of biological soil composites.
农村水利工程建后管理问题与模式
Authors: 卡地尔 热依汗古丽 •
Published: April 2020

农村水利工程作为农村的基础设施建设项目,有效的解决农田灌溉和排水问题,同时全面改善了农村生态环境,提升了农民生活水平,完成了农业增产增收等。可是,市场经济体制改革的缺失下,逐渐改变了农民集体组织和管理占据主导地位的局面,从而增加了集体收益和农民分散经营间的矛盾。为此,需要重视农村水利工程项目建设后管理工作。制定出科学管理方案,确保农村水利工程的稳定运行。基于此,本文主要分析了农村水利工程建后管理问题与模式。
基于慕课的数控专业课程教学改革研究与实践
Authors: 郭 亮
Published: April 2020

随着信息技术的广泛应用和迅速发展，对职业院校的人才培养提出了更高、更新的要求。新时期下，传统专业要想求生存、求发展，就必须改革原有的教学方法和教学模式，转变教育教学理念，以培养出理论知识扎实和实践技能型人才。本文以数控技术专业课程为例进行研究与实践，突破传统的教学方法，基于慕课的教学模式实现了优质教学资源的共享，以促进对高端数控人才的培养。
基于临床工作过程导向的学生人文素养培养---以急性心肌梗死病人护理为例
Authors: 马 琼 , 关 丽丽
Published: April 2020

成人护理是护理专业的核心课程，是一门理论与实践兼备、承上启下的课程。本文在深入研究高职院校人才培养水平评估中的说课指标体系，结合我校实际教学情况，系统的介绍了高职护理专业成人护理说课设计。
高层住宅厨房排烟道止回阀重构设计研究
Authors: 朱 少川
Published: April 2020

厨房在现代高层住宅中与居住空间连接紧密，厨房油烟污染成为影响居住空间空气品质的重要因素。因此厨房的集中排烟系统设计成为建筑设计与施建中的重要问题。但由于建筑与室内装修市场混乱和排烟设备的更新等问题，导致厨房油烟倒灌与串味现象频频出现。本论文针对高层住宅空间厨房烟道因装修被破坏和建筑缺陷导致无法有效防止油烟倒灌现象，从而在新的排烟口构建止回装置以满足阻烟阻物效果，籍由实地案例分析、止回阀实验测试与数据分析，最终改良设计适应于烟道位置改造后可以有效止烟、防火和防虫进入的止回装置。
三维技术在运动鞋产品设计效果的应用研发
Authors: 胡 晨
Published: April 2020

建设OpenGL中的变换、颜色模式、图像数据、纹理映射等功能性运动鞋三维图形库。用线条、明暗、色彩等因素把三维空间的鞋造型表现在出来，提高运动鞋三维图形的设计效果。将集创意、构思和美术素养为一体的鞋体建模创作，为应用研发提供了技术支撑。三维图形比平面图更直观，使消费者提前领略新产品的立体效果。运用三维技术视觉传达方式来展现运动鞋产品立体效果的表现力，具有更强大的说服力和感染力，使消费者直观、全面、详实的了解运动鞋产品功能及特色。
线上教学组织与管理的实践研究---以烟台汽车工程职业学院为例
Authors: 王 琳
Published: April 2020

根据教育部、省教育厅关于组织开展线上教学工作的总体部署，学院提出了“停课不停教、停课不停学、停课不停研、停课不停训（练）、停课不停创、停课不停工”总体目标和要求，展开线上教学组织与管理的实践研究。