bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Did the extended coverage policy contribute to alleviating socioeconomic inequality in untreated dental caries of both children and adolescents in South Korea?
Authors: Shin Bo-Mi , Jung Se-Hwang , Kim Myong-Hee , Ryu Jae-In
Published: January 2020

Background Dental sealants have been covered by the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) since December 2009 in South Korea. This study aims to determine whether the socioeconomic inequality in untreated dental caries decreased after implementing the extended coverage policy for dental sealant. Methods The data were derived from the fourth (2007–2009) and sixth (2013–2015) waves of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) conducted by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC). Dental caries and sealant experience by income quartiles were tested using the Rao-Scott chi-squared test. In order to examine socioeconomic inequalities and their trends over time, the prevalence ratios (PRs), slope index of inequality (SII), and relative index of inequality (RII) were estimated for each wave and age group. All analyses were conducted using SAS version 9.3. Results The adjusted PRs of untreated dental caries and sealants in the poorest in the aged 6-11 group were significantly higher and lower, respectively, compared to the most affluent quartile group for the fourth wave; however, all significant differences disappeared for the sixth wave. The gap between the lowest and the highest was similar for the aged 12-18 group but the statistical significance of the PRs was still maintained for the sixth wave. Children showed decreases in both SII and RII over time so its significance disappeared. The SII among adolescents decreased over time, while the RII increased both in untreated dental caries and sealants. Conclusions This study found that the NHIS coverage expansion of dental care had a positive effect on overall status in dental health among children and adolescents. However, younger children benefited more in terms of inequalities. Our findings indicate that strategies to enhance access to preventive dental services should consider the differential effects for the vulnerable population in terms of socioeconomic status and age from the beginning stage of the policy.
Increased MMP2 contributes to the diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer
Authors: Han Liping , Sheng Baowei , Zeng Qingdi , Yao Wei , Jiang Qiufang
Published: January 2020

Background: Matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) has been found to be correlated with the occurrence and development of lung cancer; the aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance and prognosis value of MMP2 expression in lung cancer. Methods: The expression of MMP2 in lung cancer tissues was tested by immunohistochemistry and its serum level was tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The expression of MMP2 was higher in lung cancer tissues and serum of lung cancer patients, and increased MMP2 was associated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis, advanced stage and postoperative survival time (p<0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of serum MMP2 for distinguishing lung cancer from lung benign diseases were 96.51% and 65.85%; and for distinguishing lung cancer from normal individuals were 97.67% and 75%. Conclusions: Increased serum MMP2 could be considered as a potential molecular biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer.
Prognostic role of preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and albumin for 30-days mortality in patients with postoperative acute pulmonary embolism
Authors: Liu Chuan , Zhan Hui-lu , Huang Zhang-Heng , Hu Chuan , Tong Yue-Xin , Fan Zhi-Yi , Zheng Meng-Ying , Ma Gui-Yun , Song You-Xin , Zhao Cheng Liang
Published: January 2020

Background This retrospective study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and albumin in 30-days mortality in patients with postoperative acute pulmonary embolism (PAPE).Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 101 patients with PAPE admitted from September 1, 2012 to March 31, 2019. The characteristics, surgical information, admission examination data and mortality within 30-days after PAPE were obtained from our electronic medical recording system and follow up. The association between NLR, PLR, and other predictors and 30-days mortality were analyzed with univariate and multivariate analyses. Then, the nomogram include the independent predictors was established and evaluated.Results 24 patients died within 30 days corresponding to 30-days mortality of 23.8%. The results of the multivariate analysis indicated that both NLR and albumin are independent predictors for 30-days mortality in patients with PAPE. The probability of death increased about 17.1% (OR=1.171, 95% CI: 1.073–1.277, P=0.000) with one unit of increase of NLR, and the probability of death decreased about 15.4% (OR=0.846, 95% CI: 0.762c–0.939, P=0.002) with one unit of increase of albumin. The area under the curve of nomogram was 0.888(95%CI:0.812-0.964).Conclusion Our findings showed that Elevated NLR and decreased albumin were related with poor prognosis in patients with PAPE. The NLR and albumin were independent prognostic factor for PAPE.
Prognostic significance of serum osteopontin levels in small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Xu Chunhua , Yuan Qi , Wang Wei , Chi Chuanzhen , Zhang Qian , Li Li , Yang Rusong , Wang Yuchao
Published: January 2020

BackgroudOsteopontin (OPN) is involved in the development and metastasis of a variety of tumors. This study explored serum OPN levels in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and compared them with healthy controls.MethodsThe OPN levels of 96 patients with SCLC before and after first-line chemotherapy were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and compared with 60 healthy controls.ResultsThe pre-treatment serum OPN levels of patients with SCLC were higher than those of healthy controls (P<0.001). Serum OPN levels were significantly associated with disease stage, tumor size, and lymph node metastasis (P=0.012, 0.034, and 0.037, respectively). Serum OPN levels were significantly decreased after first-line chemotherapy (P=0.019), which was associated with treatment response (P=0.011), but there was no significant difference with pre-treatment OPN levels (P=0.485). Cox proportional hazard analysis showed that serum OPN levels, disease stage, and performance status were independent predictors of overall survival.ConclusionsOur results suggest that serum OPN levels can be used as biomarkers to predict treatment response and survival in patients with SCLC.
Quantitative atomic force microscopy measurements of Acinetobacter morphology
Authors: Lostroh C. Phoebe , Boyd Caroline M. , Lammers Nicholas , Roush Kaleb S. , Worsham Sara L. , Maravilla Saúl , Buttar-Miller Anis , Lang Kristine M.
Published: January 2020

Acinetobacter baylyi are variously reported as spherical or rod-shaped. Here we use atomic force microscopy (AFM) to make quantitative nanometer-scale measurements of cellular length and width for thousands of individual cells. We quantify the heterogeneity of populations grown in varying environmental conditions that dramatically affect cell shape. In particular, we look at morphology changes across a growth curve, and we examine cells from populations grown in various growth media. We also examine the morphology of a minC mutant, which suggests an interpretation for the morphological types observed in wild type cells.
Plant defensin antibacterial mode of action against Pseudomonas species
Authors: Sathoff Andrew Edward , Lewenza Shawn , Samac Deborah A.
Published: January 2020

Background: Though many plant defensins exhibit antibacterial activity, little is known about their antibacterial mode of action (MOA). Antimicrobial peptides with a characterized MOA induce the expression of multiple bacterial outer membrane modifications, which are required for resistance to these membrane-targeting peptides. Mini-Tn5-lux mutant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with Tn insertions disrupting outer membrane protective modifications were assessed for sensitivity against plant defensin peptides. These transcriptional lux reporter strains were also evaluated for lux gene expression in response to sublethal plant defensin exposure. Also, a plant pathogen, Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae was modified through transposon mutagenesis to create mutants that are resistant to in vitro MtDef4 treatments.Results: Plant defensins displayed specific and potent antibacterial activity against strains of P. aeruginosa. A defensin from Medicago truncatula, MtDef4, induced dose-dependent gene expression of the aminoarabinose modification of LPS and surface polycation spermidine production operons. The ability for MtDef4 to damage bacterial outer membranes was also verified visually through fluorescent microscopy. Another defensin from M. truncatula, MtDef5, failed to induce lux gene expression and limited outer membrane damage was detected with fluorescent microscopy. The transposon insertion site on MtDef4 resistant P. syringae pv. syringae mutants was sequenced, and modifications of ribosomal genes were identified to contribute to enhanced resistance to plant defensin treatments. Conclusions: MtDef4 damages the outer membrane similar to polymyxin B, which stimulates antimicrobial peptide resistance mechanisms to plant defensins. MtDef5, appears to have a different antibacterial MOA. Additionally, the MtDef4 antibacterial mode of action may also involve inhibition of translation.
Profile of common inflammatory markers in treatment-naïve patients with systemic rheumatic diseases
Authors: Kim Min Jung , Lee Eun Bong , Song Yeong Wook , Park Jin Kyun
Published: January 2020

Background The host inflammatory response against infection is characterized by leukocytosis, and the release of cytokines and acute phase proteins. However, routine inflammatory markers are not always elevated in systemic rheumatic diseases (SRD). Here, we aimed to systematically evaluate and compare the clinical implications of common inflammatory markers in systemic rheumatic diseases (SRDs). Methods We investigated the profiles of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cell (WBC) count in treatment-naïve patients with SRDs, osteoarthritis and pneumonia diagnosed at Seoul National University Hospital during 2004-2016. SRDs included rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), systemic sclerosis (SSc), idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) and adult onset of Still disease (AOSD). Associations between inflammatory markers were evaluated using Pearson’s correlation and regression analysis. Differences between correlations were compared using Steiger’s z-test. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to examine the predictive value of inflammatory markers for SRD diagnosis. Results We identified 1191 patients with SRDs, osteoarthritis and pneumonia. Leukocytosis was present in <15% SRD patients. There was marked variability in ESR and CRP levels among different SRDs. The highest mean CRP levels (mean ± SD, mg/dL) were observed in those with AOSD (11.3±7.9), followed by RA (2.0±3.3), IIM (1.8±3.5), SLE (1.5±3.1), SSc (0.6±1.3) and AS (0.08±0.1). Mean ESR (mm/hr) was also highest in AOSD (71.2±31.0), followed by SLE (47.3±34.2), RA (45.5±30.6), IIM (40.8±24.8) and SSc (27.8±26.0). All SRDs showed significant positive correlations between ESR and CRP: greatest in RA (r=0.53, p<0.001) and weakest in SLE (r=0.20, p=0.03). WBC correlated weakly with CRP but not with ESR in most SRDs. While the AUC for WBC count (0.54-0.68) was less than that of ESR or CRP, the AUC for ESR and CRP (0.69-0.86) were similar in SRD. The optimal cuff-off values for inflammatory markers predicting SRD were within or slightly above the normal limit. Conclusions Unlike acute infection, ESR, CRP and WBC count are not always elevated in treatment-naïve patients with SRD. Thus, common inflammatory markers have limited value for diagnosis and assessment of disease activity of SRD.
A genetic variant in the promoter of lncRNA MALAT1 is related to susceptibility of ischemic stroke
Authors: Wang Yan , Gu Xi-Xi , Huang Hua-Tuo , Liu Chun-Hong , Wei Ye-Sheng
Published: January 2020

Background: Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript-1 (MALAT1) was aberrantly expressed in diverse diseases, and especially plays an important role in nerve injury including promotion of angiogenesis, inhibition of apoptosis and inflammation, regulation of autophagy, which are closely linked to the pathological processes of ischemic stroke (IS). However, the effect of genetic variation (single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs) of MALAT1 on IS have rarely been explored. This study aimed to investigate whether polymorphisms in promoter of MALAT1 were associated with the susceptibility to IS. Methods: A total of 316 IS patients and 320 age-, gender-, and ethnicity-matched controls were enrolled in this study. Four polymorphisms in the promoter of MALAT1 (i.e., rsrs600231, rs1194338, rs4102217, and rs591291) were genotyped using a custom‐by‐design 48‐Plex SNPscan kit. Results: The rs1194338 C>A variant in MALAT1 promoter was associated with IS risk (AC vs. CC: adjusted OR = 0.623, 95% CI, 0.417-0.932, P = 0.021; AA vs. CC: adjusted OR = 0.474, 95% CI, 0.226-0.991, P = 0.047; Dominant model: adjusted OR = 0.596, 95% CI, 0.406-0.874, P = 0.008; A vs. C adjusted OR = 0.658, 95% CI, 0.487-0.890, P = 0.007). The Haplotype analysis showed that rs600231-rs1194338-rs4102217-rs591291 (A-C-G-C) had a 1.3-fold increase of IS risk (95% CI, 1.029-1.644, P=0.027). Logistic regression analysis identified some independent impact factors for IS including rs1194338 AC/AA, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, Apo-A1, Apo-B and NEFA(P < 0.05). Conclusions: These results suggest that the rs1194338 AC/AA genotypes may be a protective factor for IS.
Assessment of behavioral factors influencing cooperation in logistics
Authors: Kolodizieva Tetiana
Published: January 2020

The article explores theoretical and methodical aspects of managing dual relationships that arise between participants in logistic cooperation in the process of formation and functioning of supply chains. The use of a behavioral approach to defining supply chains has allowed identifying and justifying the priority role of behavioral factors that influence modern logistics entities and determine the effectiveness and long-term satisfaction with logistics cooperation. Given the literature summary, the study has classified types of cooperation in logistic activity and proved that among the behavioral factors influencing the of logistical cooperation efficiency, the trust is of particular importance, which remains a limitation, a bottleneck in the process of formation and development of dual relationships in logistics chains. It is proposed to introduce a generic indicator, namely the level of confidence in the supply chain to assess the social, economic and strategic aspects of logistics interaction. A methodological approach to assessing the level of trust in logistic cooperation was adjusted based on determining the composition of criteria that directly affect this indicator and using the expert survey of supply chain participants. The study proposes to use the confidence indicator to form and improve networks and supply chains, taking into account its value when constructing a generalized outsourcing model.
Assessment of social effectiveness of investments in the hospitality business of Ukraine
Authors: Bovsh Liudmila , Hopkalo Larysa , Beridze Rostom , Okhrimenko Alla
Published: January 2020

Nowadays, the investment flows define the prospects of development of the economic system of any level, as they give the innovative opportunities and are the instrument of compliance in the financial and legal field. Taking into account the significant resource potential of the Ukraine, it is important to study the industries-catalysts, able to mobilize the financial resources, to activate the development of infrastructure and to become an impetus for the development of the specific location and the regions as a whole, which a priori stimulates meeting the social needs. This study aims to analyze the parameters of social effectiveness of investments in the hospitality business, which creates the multiplicative effect in the territories’ development systems, involving many related industries, which are the donors for territorial communities financing, in the creation of the concept-product. As a weighty proportion in the territorial community’s GDP, the usefulness of the investments in the hospitality was analyzed through the lens of sociality, which nowadays acquires the signs of non-material asset in implementing the projects, as it ensures the communicative and information interaction, harmonizes the relationship between the investors, recipients of investments, local territorial community, and society.
Spatial Characteristics of the Southern Al Jabal Al Akhdar Watersheds: Remote Sensing Approach
Authors: Hamad Salah
Published: January 2020

The present study is to evaluate the spatial characteristics of the watersheds located in Northeast Libya, which is vital since the area is promising for surface water investment in rain-fed agriculture and pastoral activities. The study conducted using Geographical Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) data sets: SRTM elevation data, Landsat 8 (OLI) imagery and Global Climate Monitor (GCM) data. SRTM data processed in ArcGIS, where elevations show a progressive decrease towards the South and eleven watersheds delineated (17721km2). Moreover, the perimeter, slope, aspect, and stream length of the watersheds also calculated. The hydrologic divide bounds the watersheds in the North delineated; it extends from the Southwest to the East with a length of 470km. Also, the outlets of the watersheds, which are mostly temporary lakes, those locally known as Balat assessed spatially. Landsat 8 imagery classified by Quantum GIS (QGIS), where five classes identified (alluvial plains, spreading zones, forest, grassland and bare rocks). Furthermore, precipitation and temperature data from the GCM was mapped, where the precipitation shows the highest rates in the North and gradual decrease to the South, unlike the temperature values indicate an increase towards the South and drop in the North.
Khalkhin-Gol: Military and Political Cooperation of the USSR and the MNR (1939-1945)
Authors: Batunaev Eduard V.
Published: January 2020

Despite the numerous contemporary studies of military-political cooperation between the USSR and Mongolia, a lot of questions remain requiring deeper understanding and analysis. They include issues relating to the geopolitical situation, bilateral Soviet-Mongolian cooperation in the military-political and economic spheres on the eve of the Second World War. The contemporary Russian and Mongolian researchers believe that the events at Khalkhin-Gol marked the beginning of this war. Thus, this article aims to analyze the entire spectrum of the military-political and economic cooperation between the USSR and Mongolia, taking into account both domestic and international factors during the events in Khalkhin-Gol.
The methodological basis of this study involves the principles of historicism and objectivism, which allowed to establish an objective geopolitical situation associated with the exacerbation of the situation in the Far East in connection with the aggressive plans of Japan. The latter threatened the national sovereignty and security not only of Mongolia, but also of the USSR first. Under these conditions, the USSR was the only guarantor of the preservation of Mongolian statehood.
The main conclusions include the following. One of the decisive armed confrontations on the eve of the Second World War was the events on the Khalkhin-Gol River, during which the combined forces of the USSR and Mongolia managed to win a decisive victory over the Japanese-Manchurian troops. The main task of the USSR was to protect its borders in the Far East, while Mongolia was a reliable ally against the aggressive plans of Japan. The 1936 Protocol of Mutual Assistance between the USSR and the Mongolian People’s Republic is an example of a mutually beneficial union of two states directed against external aggression. The victory at Khalkhin-Gol had not only great importance on changing the balance of power, the conclusion of the Soviet-German Pact of 1939, but it also contributed to the formation of Mongolian statehood, strengthening the Soviet-Mongolian military-political union. According to the results of the Yalta Conference of 1945, the “status quo” of Mongolia was finally defined, which marked the beginning of its independence and international recognition.
Cognitive Matrices of the HERO — ANTIHERO Conceptual Opposition: a comparative analysis
Authors: Samofalova Anna S.
Published: January 2020

This article presents a comparative study of the cognitive matrices of the binary opposition HERO — ANTIHERO in the Russian and English conceptual spheres through the prism of anthropocentric approaches. The cognitive-matrix analysis helps to distinguish cognitive matrices of the binary opposition HERO — ANTIHERO in “Doctor Zhivago” by B. Pasternak and “Death of a Hero” by R. Aldington.
The research points out that there are isomorphic and allomorphic features in the linguo­cognitive models. Isomorphic features express similar cognitive processes and both writers’ deep concern over the political situation during the war; on the other hand, allomorphic features depict heroes and authors’ certain culture-specific mentalities and visions of the world.
The comparative analysis of language means and cognitive mechanisms of the binary opposition HERO — ANTIHERO reveals the antonymous nominations of the concepts representing the dialectical unity of opposites and reflects the authors’ individual attitude to the war and heroism in the works under consideration.
Hybrid names of Cafes and Restaurants in Tyumen, Seattle, and Toulouse
Authors: Isakova Anna A.
Published: January 2020

This article studies the names of cafes and restaurants in the cities of Tyumen, Seattle, and Toulouse. According to the data of the Department of Consumer Market of the Tyumen Administration and the information site tripadvisor.ru, a card index of the names of public catering establishments in Tyumen (1.5 thousand lexical units), Seattle (3.2 thousand) and Toulouse (2.5 thousand) was compiled. Actualization groups were identified, they include proper name, geographical subjects, flora and fauna, gastronomic names, art and culture, buildings and structures, household items, phraseological units and stable phrases, occupation and titles, colors, and numbers. The morphological and lexical-semantic methods of word formation of the names of public catering establishments are investigated. Cases of the transition of an anthroponym, toponym, and common noun to ergonym are revealed. The names of cafes and restaurants in Tyumen represent a significant number of one-component structures (Prokofiev, China, and Assorti among others). On the contrary — syntactic constructions dominate the names of cafes and restaurants in Seattle and Toulouse (Seattle — Stanford’s Restaurant and Bar; Toulouse — Le Petit Magre). Six types of graphic hybrid names of cafes and restaurants are distinguished, which are represented in different proportions in each city — fusion, apostrophization, combinations of letters and numbers, combinations of letters and symbols, combinations of lowercase and uppercase letters, and names with a foreign component.
Traces autobiographiques dans les recits des camps : la « voix au pluriel » de l’ecrivain
Authors: Gerber Julie
Published: January 2020

Cet article présente une analyse comparative des aspects autobiographiques contenus dans les Récits de la Kolyma (1967) de V. Chalamov et la Limite de l’oubli (2012) du jeune auteur russe S. Lebedev, que l’on considère tous les deux comme des récits des camps. L’oeuvre de S. Lebedev n’est presque pas étudiée, ce qui indique l’actualité de cette étude. Dans cet article, nous mettons en lumière les liens entre les auteurs et leur(s) narrateur(s). Au terme de l’étude, il apparaît que ces récits ne peuvent être considérés comme des autobiographies au sens strict, puisqu’ils ne correspondent pas tout à fait à la définition de ce genre. En revanche, ils sont des exemples d’un genre hybride, à la croisée de l’autobiographie, de la fiction et du témoignage.
A PRELIMINARY RESULT OF AIR QUALITY IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS OF PM10 AND PM2.5 IN STEEL INDUSTRIAL AREA, CILEGON, BANTEN
Authors: Setiawati Ira , Ermawati Rahyani , Kang Kitai , Chang Insoo , Hong Kihwan , Ervina Ervina , Ariani Auliyah , Fauzi Ilham , Syah Indra Lukman , Sefriana Fita , Sari Yesy Komala
Published: January 2020

The increasingly rapid industrial development has produced pollutants in the form of gases and particles polluting the atmosphere. One of them is the steel industry where the majority of the air pollutants produced is particulate matter. Monitoring the air quality of particulate matter needs to be done routinely to identify and control the effects of air pollution somewhere. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) in the steel industry area in Cilegon, Indonesia. Ambient particulate matter is sampling by low-volume Sequential Particulate Matter (PM) Sampler with flow rate 5-20 L/minute for 24 hours per day in 4 months from September 2018 to January 2019. The results of identification and analysis of PM10 and PM2.5 in the steel industry area, Cilegon, Indonesia showed concentrations that varied greatly depending on sampling location conditions, with an average concentration range of 89.38 - 141.13 µg/m3 for PM10 and 21.74 - 50.69 µg/m3 for PM2.5.
ENHANCED PERFORMANCE OF MULTI-STAGE ANAEROBIC DIGESTION OF TOFU WASTEWATER: ROLE OF RECIRCULATION
Authors: Vistanty Hanny , Malik Rizal Awaluddin
Published: January 2020

Continuous three-stage anaerobic reactors with recirculation system were employed to treat real tofu wastewater. The system consists of 3 reactors connected in series and effluent of the last reactor was partly returned as feed of the first reactor along with fresh wastewater. The recirculation system was conducted on four variations of recirculation ratio (RR)s of 0, 1.0, 1.3, and 1.5 to evaluate the influence of recirculation on stability and performance of anaerobic system. Results showed that recirculation improved the performance of anaerobic digestion. COD was fluctuated without recirculation and gradually decreased to 373 and 298 mg/L at RR 1.3 and 1.5, respectively. Likewise, pH value was dropped to 6.5 at RR 0, and started to increase to approximately 8.0 upon employing recirculation. In addition, the system also showed excellent toleration against rise in ammonia loading, with effluent ammonia approximately 4.678 mg/L. The findings showed that the system employed had excellent efficiency and stability in treating tofu wastewater.
WASTE TO PRODUCT: BISOLUM-BRICKS, INCORPORATION OF WWTP SLUDGE OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY INTO BRICKS FOR WALL PAIRS
Authors: Arbunowo Armas Arifin , Purwanto P. Purwanto , Budihardjo M. Arief
Published: January 2020

The disposal of WWTP sludge is one of problems in textiles industry, which requires serious attention to find a way out. Utilization of sludge from the textile industry wastewater treatment, according to the Republic of Indonesia Goverment Regulation No.110 year 2014, can be used as a mixture of brick raw materials, must consider the availability of technology, meet environmental quality standards and meet technical requirements for use.Environmental feasibility refers to Goverment Regulation No.110 year 2014, carried out with TCLP toxicity tests on raw materials for soil, WWTP  sludge and brick products. Acute toxicity test LD 50, carried out on brick products in which  using a mixture of WWTP Sludge. Technical feasibility is carried out by testing the quality of brick products in accordance with solid brick Nasional Indonesian Standard (SNI) for wall pairs.Research results prove the toxicity test on raw materials and brick products with a mixture of up to 60% of waste, still meets the requirements of TCLP and LD.50 according to GR No.110 year 2014. Test the quality of bricks at the use of 40% and 60% mixture of sludge still meet Nasional Indonesian Standard (SNI 15-2094-2000) solid red brick for wall pairs.
Gibt es im Nordfriesischen ein aus dem Dänischen entlehntes k-Suffix zur Bildung von Adjektivabstrakta?
Authors: Hoekstra J.
Published: January 2020

In this paper I challenge the claim by Hofmann (1956) that the k-suffix in North Frisian abstract deadjectival nouns like f.-a. waremk ‘warmth’ is adopted from Danish. Danish loanwords like f.-a. eemk ‘grief’ are rather derived from deadjectival verbs containing a k-suffix than from adjectives originally. In other examples – waremk being a case in point – the k-suffix has developed from the suffix -d(e)/-t(e) that entered North Frisian from Low German. On the basis of such forms a semi-productive k-suffix, possibly a suffix variant of -d(e)/-t(e), arose in North Frisian, particularly in combi­nation with adjectival base words ending in -r.
Teacher’s Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge in Developing Learning Materials
Authors: Wulandari Ella
Published: January 2020

The provision of appropriate learning materials is essential in curriculum enactment as the prescribed competences and learning method are usually advised in textbooks supplied to support its implementation. However, government-supplied textbook cannot always ad­dress schools’ and students’ different needs. Teachers are, therefore, required to have the skills to develop their own learning materials to meet curriculum. In Indonesia, higher or­der thinking skills (HOTS) and technology are required to be integrated in the teaching and learning activities of all subjects including English. It is, then, important to survey teacher’s knowledge in materials development to help them acquire the required skills in developing materials in line with curriculum. This paper presents a survey study on junior secondary school teachers in Yogyakarta about their technological pedagogical content knowledge. A questionnaire was administered followed by an interview with selected teach­ers for further elaboration. The instrument was adapted from Schmidt et al (2009) and aimed to reveal teacher’s knowledge on teaching and technology and how they apply this knowledge into materials development processes. The finding suggests aspects of teacher’s knowledge that need further training and possible effective methods for their training as well as professional development design.Keywords:  curriculum, materials development, teacher’s knowledge
Education, Pedagogy, and Identity: The notion of historical, political, and sociopolitical experiences of Indonesia in educational research
Authors: Ikasari Wipsar Siwi Dona
Published: January 2020

Schooling and education are situated contexts to understand issues of identity, culture, representation, and agency (Giroux, 1996). Schools are shaped by specific cultural practices and values which reflect the norms of a particular society for which they have been developed (Hollins, 1996). For example, education and schooling in Indonesia is one of the situated contexts to scrutinize the concept of ‘Indonesian young girls’ and ‘Indonesian schoolgirls’ (Muthali’in, 2001; Blackburn, 2004; Smith-Hefner, 2005). Using the conceptual frameworks of gender, identity and schooling, the schoolgirls identify themselves of being Indonesian girls shaped by their ethnic and religious affiliations. The inextricable link between ethnicity and religion in Indonesia has been continuously shaped within the historical, cultural politics in Indonesia, from the ancient time, the Old Order, New Order, Reformation and Post-Reformation Era. Within the Indonesian context, religious values and social norms hold by the society is important because cultural development contributes to the image of Indonesia as a country (Junarsin, 2009). Keywords: Indonesian schoolgirls, academic achievement, identity, education
Técnicas aplicadas en la investigación agrícola para cuantificar la fijación de nitrógeno: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Fonseca-López Dania , Vivas-Quila Nelson Jose , Balaguera-López Helber Enrique
Published: January 2020

La economía del nitrógeno es un tema que viene creciendo a nivel mundial, especialmente en la actividad agrícola cuando por mal manejo de la fertilización ocurren pérdidas por lixiviación que contribuyen a la eutrofización del agua, lo que incrementa la población de algas y, como efecto, reduce la disponibilidad de oxígeno, acelerando el proceso de desnitrificación en el que se produce N2O, conocido por su efecto en el calentamiento global. Igualmente, parte del fertilizante es emitido a la atmósfera por volatización. Esto ha impulsado la creación de técnicas que permiten cuantificar el nitrógeno utilizado por las plantas y el fijado en el suelo a través de microrganismos para hacer más eficiente el empleo del nitrógeno en los sistemas agrícolas. Sin embargo, dentro de las mayores limitantes se encuentra su sensibilidad, especificidad, costo y tecnología que se requiere para aplicarlas. Esto ha conducido a la innovación de procedimientos y a la creación de técnicas que tienen una tasa de error muy bajo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue realizar la descripción de las principales técnicas utilizadas para cuantificar la fijación del nitrógeno con énfasis en los antecedentes, procedimientos, expresiones matemáticas que se usan, y escenarios futuros. La información se describe a partir del análisis de ensayos disponibles en la base de datos Scopus. Este trabajo consolida las técnicas que continúan vigentes para cuantificar el nitrógeno y facilita entender su uso a través del tiempo con modelos de predicción, así como su importancia, ventajas y desventajas.
Indicadores reproductivos en cohortes bovinas que beben como única fuente agua tratada proveniente de la producción del petróleo, en diferentes diluciones con agua de pozo profundo
Authors: Velasquez Penagos José Guillermo , Parra Arango Jorge Luis , Velasquez Penagos José Henry , Gutiérrez Parrado Sonia Lucía , Barajas Pardo Diana Patricia , Neira Rivera Eliana , Ortiz Valdez Ciro
Published: January 2020

Se estudió el efecto del consumo de agua tratada proveniente de la producción del petróleo sobre indicadores reproductivos de la hembra bovina de doble propósito. El estudio se desarrolló en el municipio de Villavicencio, departamento del Meta, Colombia. Los animales seleccionados fueron 24 vacas F1, Cebú x Holstein Friesian, distribuidos al azar en 4 tratamientos, cada uno con disposición permanente de reproductor previamente probado y que consumieron agua a voluntad de producción tratada utilizada bajo condiciones de pastoreo, así: 1. 100 % agua de producción tratada, 2. mezcla de 50 % de agua de producción tratada y 50 % de agua de pozo profundo (PP), 3. mezcla de 25 % de agua de producción tratada y 75 % de agua PP, y 4. 100 % de agua PP (Control). Las variables evaluadas en cada animal fueron: la edad al primer parto (EPP), la edad a la primera concepción (EPC), el intervalo entre parto (IEP), el intervalo parto concepción (IPC), número de terneros/vaca año o tasa de natalidad. El análisis estadístico comprendió prueba de normalidad, Shapiro-Wilk, análisis de varianza de una vía y prueba de Kruskall-Wallis, se empleó el software SPSS-22. Los resultados encontrados indicaron para EPC y EPP entre tratamientos, medias que oscilaron 20,8 y 25,1 meses y 30,2 a 34,5 meses, respectivamente, sin diferencias significativas (p > 0.05). Las variables IEP, IPC y tasas de natalidad estuvieron entre 339 a 466 días, 57 a 184 días, y 0,78 a 1,08, respectivamente. No se encontraron diferencias entre los animales que consumieron y no consumieron agua de producción tratada.
Evaluaciones genéticas usando el mejor predictor lineal insesgado genómico en una etapa en bovinos
Authors: Amaya Martínez Alejandro , Martínez Sarmiento Rodrigo , Cerón Muñoz Mario
Published: January 2020

Las evaluaciones genéticas convencionales han estado enmarcadas en la estimación de valores genéticos a partir de los sistemas de ecuaciones de modelos mixtos que consideran efectos aleatorios y fijos simultáneamente. En los últimos años, el desarrollo en tecnologías de secuenciación del genoma ha permitido obtener información genómica que puede ser incluida en las evaluaciones genéticas para incrementar las confiabilidades, el progreso genético y disminuir el intervalo generacional. El mejor predictor lineal insesgado en una etapa es una metodología que incluye información genómica reemplazando la matriz de parentesco por una matriz que combina el parentesco por pedigrí y genómico de una población genotipada, permitiendo la estimación de valores genéticos para animales no genotipados. El objetivo de este artículo de revisión fue la descripción de la metodología, sus recientes avances, y conocer algunas de las estrategias que podrían ser llevadas a cabo cuando el número de animales genotipados es bajo.
Análisis de las características mineralógicas y petrográficas de piedra “cantera” de Oaxaca, México y su relación con sus propiedades de resistencia y durabilidad
Authors: Gómez Barranco Heidy , López Calvo Herwing Zeth , Alonso Guzmán Elia Mercedes , Arellano Sosa Perla María
Published: January 2020

En el presente artículo, se describen los resultados de un proyecto de investigación llevado acabo para caracterizar las propiedades fisicoquímicas de cinco tipos de roca volcánica (riodacita), comúnmente conocida como "cantera", tradicionalmente utilizada para la construcción y restauración de edificios históricos en la ciudad de Oaxaca, México. En el programa experimental, se analizaron cinco tipos de piedra para conocer sus características mineralógicas y petrográficas mediante fluorescencia de rayos X y análisis petrográfico. De la misma manera, se llevaron a cabo pruebas de resistencia a la compresión, densidad y absorción. Finalmente, los resultados obtenidos en el programa experimental fueron analizados y correlacionados con las propiedades de resistencia y durabilidad de los cinco tipos de piedra evaluados.
Resistencia a la compresión paralela a la fibra de una especie de bambú nativo de México (Otatea fimbriata Soderstrom)
Authors: Llaven José Héctor D. , Castañeda Nolasco Gabriel , Guillén Guillén César Armando , Barnet Yann
Published: January 2020

En la presente investigación se determinó el esfuerzo máximo a la compresión paralela a la fibra en una especie de bambú nativo de México (Otatea fimbriata Soderstrom), encontrada de forma silvestre en el municipio de Suchiapa, Chiapas, para su validación como material de construcción. Se ensayaron muestras con nudo y sin nudo de la parte inferior, media y superior de los culmos, siguiendo los procedimientos de la NTC-5525:2007 “Métodos de ensayo para determinar las propiedades físicas y mecánicas de la Guadua Angustifolia Kunth” y las Normas ISO: 22157-1: 2004 e ISO TR 22157-2: 2004. Los valores de resistencia máxima están dentro del rango reportado de otras especies de bambú (genero Guadua). Los valores a compresión demuestran que la Otatea fimbriata Soderstrom es un material alternativo, natural, altamente renovable y con alto potencial para su uso en construcción.
El volcán Citlaltepetl y la configuración urbano-arquitectónica de Orizaba
Authors: Román Alvarado Abe Yillah
Published: January 2020

A partir de dimensionar a los volcanes como marcadores del paisaje, se detiene la mirada en el Citlaltepetl como gran benefactor del valle a sus pies y en la consecuente configuración urbano-arquitectónica de la ciudad de Orizaba. Así, se realiza una revisión historiográfica de textos, relatos y representaciones que contribuyeron en la construcción cultural de este volcán con la idea de prosperidad, desde la época prehispánica, la etapa colonial y hasta el periodo decimonónico. A su vez, se señalan algunos aspectos urbano-arquitectónicos y las actividades productivas que hicieron del cantón orizabeño un enclave estratégico entre la costa veracruzana y la ciudad-capital.
Caesalpinia coriaria fruits and leaves extracts possess in vitro ovicidal activity against Haemonchus contortus and Haemonchus placei
Authors: Rojo-Rubio Rolando , González-Cortazar Manases , Olmedo-Juárez Agustín , Zamilpa Alejandro , Arece-García Javier , Mendoza-Martínez German David , Lee-Rangel Héctor Aarón , Vázquez-Armijo José Fernando , Mendoza-de Gives Pedro
Published: January 2020

The ovicidal effect of hydro-alcoholic extracts from mature fruits and dried leaves of the Caesalpinia coriariatree, against Haemonchus contortus and H. placei was evaluated by the egg hatching inhibition test (EHIT). Secondary compounds within the extracts were identified by high performance liquid chromatography. Five extract concentrations were assessed in the inhibition tests (25.0, 12.5, 6.2, 3.1 and 1.5 mg/mL), using distilled water and Thiabendazole (0.5 mg/mL) as negative and positive controls, respectively. The results were analysed under a 2 × 2 × 6 completely randomized factorial design, and mean differences were established by the Tukey’s post hoc test. The 50% (EC50) and 90% (EC90) effective concentrations for each extract were determined using a Probit analysis.A concentration-dependent ovicidal effect of hydro-alcoholic extracts from both leaves and fruits was observed, reaching a 100% efficacy against both nematode species with the 25.0 mg/mL concentration (p < 0.05). The EC50 for the fruit and leaves extracts were established as 1.63 and 3.91 mg/mL, and as 3.98 and 11.68 mg/mL, against H. contortus and H. placei, respectively. The most important secondary compounds identified in extracts were free-condensed tannins, gallic acid and methyl-gallate.In conclusion,hydro-alcoholic extracts from C. coriaria mature fruits and dried leaves inhibit in vitro egg hatching of H. contortus and H. placei.
Perceptions of small animal practitioners and pet owners on professional competencies in veterinary practice: an essential component for curricula design
Authors: Torres Cristian Gabriel , Laytte-García María José , Tadich-Gallo Tamara Alejandra
Published: January 2020

Veterinary schools are responsible for defining their curricula in accordance with societal needs. For this input, listening to stakeholders from outside academia is essential. The aim of this study was to investigate the perception of Chilean small animal practitioners and pet owners on the attributes they consider that constitute a good veterinarian, and to relate these attributes to demographic characteristics. For this, a cross-sectional survey study was designed. A group of 308 small animal practitioners and 328 pet owners from Santiago Metropolitan Region, in Chile, were surveyed. The survey included twenty attributes and questions on demographic characteristics and was applied via email to professionals, and to pet owners sitting in waiting rooms of small animal practices. The majority of respondents in both groups were young adult females. Significant differences in the importance given to 12 out of 20 attributes were found between groups. When asked to prioritize three attributes, both groups mentioned “knowledge about veterinary medicine and surgery”, followed by “recognizes own limitations and knows when to seek advice” as well as “good communication skills” in the case of veterinarians. In the case of pet owners, “confidence”, “recognizes own limitations” and “knows when to seek advice” were the following attributes. Results showed significant differences within groups according to gender and age, with females and elder respondents giving higher importance to the attributes included in the study. Professional skills should be considered when developing new curricula in Chile, especially those important for local stakeholders.
Jurisdicción constitucional: ecos del argumento contramayoritario
Authors: Rivera León Mauo Arturo
Published: January 2020

Este artículo pretende hacer ciertas clarificaciones en torno a los conceptos de legitimidad y su relación con la jurisdicción constitucional. Para ello, se utilizará el análisis del argumento contramayoritario, es decir, la objeción hecha a la jurisdicción constitucional —inicialmente a la Judicial Review por parte de Alexander Bickel— de su carente legitimidad en la anulación de decisiones tomadas por un cuerpo colegiado y teóricamente representativo de los intereses populares. Se intentará demostrar que esta objeción no es tan fuerte como se ha pretendido; al analizar diversas argumentaciones se emprenderá una defensa de la legitimidad de la jurisdicción constitucional como elemento positivo del Estado constitucional de derecho. En la sección final se realizarán algunas conclusiones y consideraciones del argumento contramayoritario basado en los diversos conceptos de contramayoría.
La Suprema Corte y el poder constituyente constituido. Hacia la defensa del núcleo intangible de la Constitución
Authors: Vázquez Gómez Bisogno Francisco
Published: January 2020

La defensa del núcleo intangible de la Constitución, y con ello el sometimiento del poder constituyente constituido a los medios de control constitucional, son las premisas fundamentales que el autor maneja en este artículo. Para demostrar su hipótesis, parte del debate generado por la reforma electoral aprobada en 2007, misma que ha sido cuestionada por un amplio sector de la doctrina, como una reforma constitucional que violentó los postes fijados por el constitucionalismo contemporáneo, en concreto, el derecho fundamental a la libertad de expresión. Más allá de este paradigmático caso, el autor se adentra a los conceptos básicos de la teoría constitucional, para demostrar que, si en verdad queremos consolidar en México un Estado constitucional y democrático de derecho, debemos comenzar por reconocer que en toda Constitución existe un núcleo intangible, el cual debe ser defendido de todos los poderes constituidos, incluido el órgano que tiene facultades para reformar la ley fundamental.
La forma es fondo: cómo se nombran y deciden los ministros de la Suprema Corte de Justicia
Authors: Elizondo Mayer-Serra Carlos , Magaloni Ana Laura
Published: January 2020

Las encuestas muestren una baja confianza en la Suprema Corte de Justicia. Este trabajo pone atención en algunas cuestiones formales que impactan en el desempeño y legitimidad del máximo tribunal. El punto de partida del análisis es que la forma importa. Por un lado, las reglas de elección y duración del cargo tienen un efecto sobre quienes llegan a ministros y con qué expectativas. Por el otro, el método por el cual los once ministros llegan a su decisión afecta el fondo de las sentencias. El ensayo se divide en tres secciones: la primea estudia qué dicen los datos respecto a la confianza de los ciudadanos en la Suprema Corte. La segunda analiza cómo la forma de elegir a los ministros afecta en quienes llegan a serlo y con qué objetivos profesionales. Finalmente, en la tercera se estudia cómo los aspectos formales del proceso de decisión del Pleno de la Suprema Corte afectan las sentencias, tanto formal como sustantivamente y, por ende, la legitimidad del tribunal.
Discorsi di comparazione costituzionale sul tempo
Authors: Silvia Bruno Anna
Published: January 2020

En este artículo, la autora se propone analizar la relación compleja entre un texto constitucional y el contexto social en el que se aplican los considerandos de los jueces como intermediarios del diálogo. La primera parte analiza la relación tiempo-sociedad en cuyos hechos se verifica la oportunidad de entender la temporalidad del sujeto inserto en aquella sociedad; ésta, a su vez, se coloca en el contexto más amplio de una situación de temporalidad natural. El segundo punto está dedicado a la relación tiempo-Constitución. En la dimensión temporal, sin embargo, la Constitución cambia en diversos sentidos, algunas veces conserva el texto pero los conceptos reciben nuevas lecturas; en otras, el texto constitucional es revisado de acuerdo con el procedimiento formal pero conservando el núcleo fundamental; finalmente, suelen modificar su contenido en una perspectiva de satisfacer los intereses de una clase política o de un grupo social. El último punto está dedicado al tiempo de los jueces con particular referencia a los instrumentos utilizados en las decisiones como herramienta temporal de la actividad juzgadora.