bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improved RBF neural network algorithm in financial time series prediction
Authors: Zhu Jian , Long Haiming , Liu Saihong , Wu Wenzhi
Published: June 2021

The financial market is often unpredictable and extremely susceptible to political, economic and other factors. How to achieve accurate predictions of financial time series is very important for scientific research and financial enterprise management. Based on this, this article takes the application of the improved RBF neural network(NN) algorithm in financial time series forecasting as the research object, and explores how to use the improved RBF NN algorithm to predict the stock market price, with a view to reducing investment risks and increasing returns for the majority of stock investors to provide help. This article uses the stock market prices of three listed companies in May 2019 as the data samples for this survey, including 72 training sample data and 21 test sample data. These three stocks were predicted by using the improved RBF NN algorithm Experiments, the experimental results show that the prediction errors of the improved RBF NN algorithm for the three stocks are 2.14%, 0.69% and 1.47%, while the traditional RBF NN algorithm’s prediction errors for the stocks are 5.74%, 2.38% and 11.37%. This shows that the improved algorithm is significantly more accurate and more effective than traditional algorithms. Therefore, the application of the improved RBF NN algorithm in financial time series prediction will be more extensive in the future.
Research on the application strategy of new media technology in Modern University Law Teaching
Authors: Min Shen
Published: June 2021

The arrival of the new media era has a certain impact on the teaching environment of universities in China. The rapid development of new media has also profoundly affected the thinking mode, behavior style and psychological consciousness of college students. This paper puts forward some innovative teaching modes under the background of new media information technology, including the online simulation court, the construction of interactive dynamic teaching website and so on. It realizes the deep integration between law teaching and modern new media technology, and gradually forms an open and diversified teaching mode. The research content of this paper has far-reaching significance for promoting the teaching of new media technology and enhancing the pertinence and effectiveness of College Students’ legal education.
Study on intelligent construction of English-Chinese bilingual context model based on CBR
Authors: Shi Yan
Published: June 2021

The article briefly reviews the context-based view of the case-based reasoning mechanism and second language acquisition theories, and analyzes the feasibility of the application of CBR in bilingual context knowledge representation. Based on this, it proposes bilingualism. The computational model, algorithm and general implementation process of the system for contextual knowledge representation CBR system is a preliminary exploration of the application of machine learning and artificial intelligence theory in the study of second language acquisition theory. It is intended to provide a second language acquisition study to the new research methods and perspectives.
Ethical Aspects of Personal Science for Persons with Parkinson’s Disease: What Happens When Self-Tracking Goes from Selfcare to Publication?
Authors: Riggare Sara , Hägglund Maria , Bredenoord Annelien L. , de Groot Martijn , Bloem Bastiaan R.
Published: June 2021

Using Parkinson’s disease as an exemplary chronic condition, this Commentary discusses ethical aspects of using self-tracking for personal science, as compared to using self-tracking in the context of conducting clinical research on groups of study participants. Conventional group-based clinical research aims to find generalisable answers to clinical or public health questions. The aim of personal science is different: to find meaningful answers that matter first and foremost to an individual with a particular health challenge. In the case of personal science, the researcher and the participant are one and the same, which means that specific ethical issues may arise, such as the need to protect the participant against self-harm. To allow patient-led research in the form of personal science in the Parkinson field to evolve further, the development of a specific ethical framework for self-tracking for personal science is needed.
The influencing factors and coping styles of mental health stress responses of stroke caregivers
Authors: Liu Zhe , King Malizia
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: For family caregivers, sudden stroke events and heavy caring works are stressful events. At present, controversies about the factors affecting caregivers’ stress response and their correlation with coping styles still exist. OBJECTIVE: To explore the influencing factors and coping styles of mental health stress responses of stroke caregivers and promote caregivers to adopt positive coping styles for diseases and caring works. METHODS: The convenience sampling method is used to select stroke caregivers as the research objects. The general information questionnaires, Relative Stress Scale (RSS), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), Social Support Rate Scale (SSRS), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ) are utilized for investigation. RESULTS: 205 valid questionnaires are returned. Analysis suggests that the influential factors of mental health stress responses of stroke caregivers include the course of the disease, the impact of the disease on economic conditions, obligation to take care of other family members, understanding of stroke-associated diseases, and whether the patient is at risk. Social support and self-efficacy are negatively correlated with stress responses, while negative coping style is significantly positively correlated with stress responses. CONCLUSIONS: By increasing social support and self-efficacy, medical workers can guide stroke caregivers to take positive coping styles, thereby reducing their mental health stress responses.
The influence of family therapy on psychological stress and social adaptability of depressed patients
Authors: Chen Qinghua , Zhao Wenqing , Li Qun , Sagi Harnof
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: with the increase of study and life pressure, the number of depressed college students showed an increasing trend year by year, and the drug treatment alone could not achieve a comprehensive recovery of depression patients, so it was more necessary to pay attention to the spiritual treatment. OBJECTIVE: this research aimed to better understand the relationship between college students’ depression and life events, social support, psychological pressure, and coping style, and the influence of systematic family therapy on depression degree, psychological stress, and social adaptability of college students with depression. METHODS: in this study, 105 college students with depression were selected as the research object, and healthy college students were taken as the control group. Through questionnaire, the differences in life events, social support, psychological stress, and coping styles between the groups were compared. The correlation between the degree of depression and various variables were analyzed, and the impact path of each variable on depression was analyzed using the path analysis model. Depression patients were then divided into a conventional group treating with conventional medications and an observation group treating with systematic family interventions. Differences in Hamilton Depression Scale-17, (HAMD-17), CPSS, and Social Adaptive Functioning Evaluation (SAFE) scores were compared and analyzed between the two groups before treatment (T1), during the treatment (T2), and after treatment(T3). RESULTS: there were significant differences in scores of life events, social support, psychological stress, and coping styles between the healthy control group and the depressed patients (P < 0.05). There was an obvious correlation between different depression degrees and life events, social support, psychological stress, and coping styles (P < 0.05). Life events, social support, and psychological stress had a direct and significant impact on depression (0.250, 0.218, and 0.392; P < 0.05), and they also had an indirect and significant impact on depression through coping styles (P < 0.05). The systematic family treatment model could significantly reduce HAMD-17 and CPSS scores (P < 0.05), and significantly improve SAFE scores (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: adverse life events, lack of social support, excessive psychological stress, and negative coping styles can aggravate college students’ depression. Systematic family therapy can improve the degree of depression, reduce the psychological stress, and enhance the social adaptability of college students with depression.
Effects of visual search task on attentional bias and stress response under pressure
Authors: Jin Yonghui , He Jun
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: it has always been a problem for athletes that their performance is out of order due to pressure in major competitions. The change of attention pattern and the emergence of stress response (SR) caused by negative affect (NA) are the direct reasons for the greater impact on the performance of athletes. It is a hot topic to explore how to improve attention bias (AB) and SR of athletes in stressful situations. OBJECTIVE: the study aimed to analyze the improvement effect of visual search task (VST) training on AB and SR of athletes under pressure situations. METHODS: 62 male basketball players with national level 2 or above of Shenyang sports institute were divided into experimental group (EG) and control group (CG). Visual search task training program was used in the EG (happy, sad, disgusted, neutral faces) and sham training program was used in the CG (all faces with neutral expression) for two months. Under the stress situation, attention behavior of all subjects before and after training was tested. Physiological coherence and autonomic balance system were used to record heart rate variability synchronously. Parallel frequency domain analysis was divided into very low frequency band (VLF), low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF) and total spectrum (TP). The normalized treatment obtained indexes such as HFnorm, LFnorm, and LF/HF. The e-prime 2.0 software was adopted to obtain the attention bias score. The Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) and the self-rating stress scale were adopted for evaluation before and after training. RESULTS: the self-rating pressure in the two groups was lower than that before the training, and the pressure in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After training, the positive emotion of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group, and the EG was lower than that of the CG (P < 0.05). After training, the score of attention bias of happy and neutral faces in the EG was higher than that of theCG, while the score of attention bias of sad and disgusted faces was lower than that of the CG (P < 0.05). After training, LF/HF and LFnorm in the EG were lower than those in the CG, and HFnorm was higher than those in the CG (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: the training of visual search task can effectively improve the athletes’ PA and AB of positive information, reduce the attention bias of negative information and psychological pressure, and relieve theSR.
COVID-19 in Pakistan: Current Practices and Associated Risks
Authors: Haqqi Aleena
Published: June 2021

Seven coronaviruses were identified previously and these were known to infect human beings. The eighth human coronavirus (nCoV-2019) surfaced in Wuhan, China at the end of the year 2019, exhibiting symptoms of pneumonia and other respiratory problems. As of September 7, 2020, 27 million people have been infected with COVID-19 and more than 900,000 have lost their lives. In Pakistan, the tally of COVID-19 infected cases stands at 298,509 and 6,342 people have died. Government of Pakistan has devised “The National Action Plan for the Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) Pakistan” to efficiently tackle the pandemic. Many hurdles stand in the way of Pakistan fighting against the COVID-19 pandemic, effectively. Poverty and a low literacy rate are major obstacles in containing the COVID-19 transmission in Pakistan. Pakistan’s healthcare infrastructure is not fully equipped to deal with the pandemic. It is constrained by a very limited healthcare budget, small number of healthcare personnel and limited equipment. The number of tests conducted is very low which cannot give a proper insight into the actual incidence of COVID-19. Thus, it can be concluded that Pakistan, within the given facilities and predictions, is incapable of flattening the curve but the catastrophe can be avoided by taking proper measures in time.
Comparative Efficacy of Terlipressin and Octreotide along with Endoscopic Band Ligation in the Management of Esophageal Variceal Bleeding
Authors: Asif Sadia , Khan Ayesha Shehbaz , Zahoor Sarmad , Mahboob Hafiz Mudabbar , Malik Uzma , Rehman Rana Saif Ur
Published: June 2021

Esophageal variceal bleeding is a medical emergency that carries a high mortality rate despite appropriate management. Terlipressin and Octreotide are two common agents used as adjuvant agents in the management of variceal bleeding. The objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness of Terlipressin with Octreotide along with endoscopic band ligation in the management of esophageal variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients. This randomized control study was carried out at the Department of General Medicine, Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore, for six months extending from February 2019 to July 2019. A total of 100 cirrhotic patients were selected /based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The patients were randomly divided into two groups of equal strength. Hence, 50 patients were included in Group A and 50 patients were included in Group B along with banding. Group A received Terlipressin whereas Group B received Octreotide. The two groups were monitored for variceal bleeding for 72 hours. The mean age of the patients in Group A was 55.9±7.3 years and for the patients in Group B it was 56.8±7.4 years. In Group A, 36 (72.0%) male and 14 (28.0%) female patients were included. In Group B, there were 34 (68.0%) male and 16 (32.0%) female patients. In Group A, the treatment was effective for 46 (92.0%) patients and in Group B, 36 (72.0%) patients had an effective treatment. It is concluded from this study that Terlipressin is statistically more effective than Octerotide in terms of preventing esophageal variceal bleeding.
Impresa agricola e produzione di energia
Authors: Ferrara Giuseppe
Published: June 2021

- The article 1, par. 369 of the 296/2006 act definies as agricultural industry: the production and cession of electric and caloric energy originated from forest renewable sources; the production and the commercialization of chemical products derived from agricultural produce coming from the cultivated land; and the production and the cession of electric and caloric energy originated from photovoltaic sources. Therefore, the normative reveals the multifunctionality and the pluriactivity of the factory farm: it reconducts the production of not foodstuffs goods, as the electric energy, the fuels and the chemical products, to the agricultural firm. Legislator intend to stimulate these activities also through the tax lever, providing for these activities produce agricultural income. With regard to it, the provision (of the law) causes some doubts concerning his compatibility with the constitutional dictation (artt. 3 and 53 Const.), in our opinion, in particulary with reference to the activity of photovoltaic energy production and cession. Key words: factory farm, photovoltaic energy, multifunctionality, pluriactivity.
Le conflit fournisseurs-distributeurs entre réglementation et régulation: l'exemple français
Authors: Del Cont Catherine
Published: June 2021

- During the last 30 years in France, relations between power retailers and their suppliers have been heavily imbalanced ones. Very strong conflicts have marked the relations between retailers and suppliers during that period of time, but these conflicts are on a much more violent than those usually created by standard economic competition. It is also worth mentioning that the aforementioned conflict is of particular importance and relevance on the French economic, legal and political scenes. For more than 30 years up to now, various parliamentary reports have been drafted and various pieces of legislation have been passed, all in an attempt to prevent potential litigations and regulate these commercial relations. Nevertheless, the relation between retailers and suppliers is still a very confrontational one in spite of the numerous legislative and political actions that have been undertaken to date. Indeed, these interventions have been ineffective as well as inefficient. This legislative action is based upon 2 different prescriptive templates: public regulation and negotiated-regulation. These public and negotiated regulations are part of a body of rules whose objectives are ones of economic policies (in particular policies aimed to fight against prices increase), objectives which are in fact external to the retailer-supplier conflict itself. Key words: relation suppliers-retaillers, public regulation, negociated regulation.
L'igiene dei prodotti alimentari nella disciplina europea
Authors: Ragionieri Maria Pia
Published: June 2021

- As regards the subject of food product hygiene European Community legislation disciplines hygiene food requirements by means of three regulations passed in 2004, the first Regulation n.852/2004 regards general information, the second n. 853/2004 deals with food of an animal origin, the third n. 854/2004 concerns the organisation of official controls on products of animal origin destined for human consumption. Our attention is focused on the first regulation, due to the fact that, by its application to food products of a vegetable origin, it especially affects Egypt as regards fruit and vegetable exportation to Europe. Egypt is a country which is taken into consideration so as to face the matter of the commercialisation of farm produce towards Europe in view of the establishment of a free trade area within the Mediterranean. The field of application of regulation n. 852/2004 includes primary production as of its definition given in Art. 3 of Regulation n. 178/2002. In Enclosure I it is specified that within the primary production environment, primary products may be transported, stored and handled on the condition that these procedures do not alter their aspects. At this point, the assessment arises as regards the ascribability of certain operations to the three hypotheses and according to the abovementioned condition. Both during primary production phases and throughout subsequent activities, in order to apply community legislation, it is sufficient to carry out one of the phases of the foreseen activities in order to be considered pursuant to Art. 3, n. 2, Regulation n. 178/02. Within the food business the control functions are carried out by the food sector operator. Hygiene rules must be both respected and applied to the entire food chain but also in a different way as regards the primary activities with respects to those carried out subsequently. As regards Third-Party countries, it is accepted that products may be obtained by means of equivalent hygienic rules and however dispensations from community standards are not permitted. As follows you will find a summary of the normative references on the subject of hygiene. Key words: hygiene European Community legislation, primary production, Third- Party countries.
La comunicazione e l'etichettatura degli alimenti nella disciplina della sicurezza alimentare
Authors: Lucifero Nicola
Published: June 2021

- The current market is governed by an information system, but it is also regulated by interests specific to the discipline of food safety. Therefore, it highlights the close bond between the contents of the contract and the contents of the information, as well as the equally tight correlation between information and competition. In fact, the legislator aims to reconcile the need for food safety with that for the circulation of goods. It must also be added that food safety is a discipline, first and foremost, concerned with product marketing, and thus the rules on information provided for by the common legislator are instrumental to the achievement of a common market of safe and healthy foods, a market governed by rules of communication that facilitate exchanges and guarantee the circulation of foods. From this perspective, within the discipline of food safety information has a double aim, as it strives to provide the market with that symmetry of information essential to its functioning while safeguarding the interests of food safety. Hence, we can understand the legal weight, within the food market, of labels, which can be seen as both the "space" in which communication takes place and a vehicle for information. It is in this context that the food labelling law, eventually regulated by directive 2000/13, originates and develops. However, the legal function of labels cannot be regarded exclusively as a tool for the satisfaction of the need to inform and safeguard consumers and facilitate exchanges between member states, but it should exist in a framework that encompasses the whole food safety legal sys158 tem (reg. 178/2002). The general rules governing the food safety system are thus revealed, as well as the indications, compulsory and non, to be placed on the labels, both with regard to their content and the way this information is conveyed. In this context, we can see the relevance of the very recent reg. 1924/2006 of December 20th 2006 on the nutritional values of foods and their effects on health. Key words: food security, comunication, labelling, consumer protection.
Il principio di precauzione: il Codice di condotta della Fao per la pesca responsabile e la politica comunitaria della pesca
Authors: Belgrado Elisa Fiora
Published: June 2021

- "From ancient times, fishing has been a major source of food for humanity and a provider of employment and economic benefits to those engaged in this activity. The wealth of aquatic resources was assumed to be an unlimited gift of nature. However, with increased knowledge and the dynamic development of fisheries after the Second World War, this myth has faded in face of the realization that aquatic resources, although renewable, are not infinite and need to be properly managed, if their contribution to the nutritional, economic and social well-being of the growing world's population is to be sustained" (Fao Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries - Preface). Thus fishing has to be conducted in a responsible and sustainable manner because fish provides a vital source of food and, at the same time, fishing is closely connected to the environment because, if it is not properly practised can it cause irreparable damage. This work analyses the principle of precaution which was recognized as principle no. 15 in the Declaration of Rio on Environment and Development in 1992 and mentioned at the Conference on Biological Diversity. It represents one of the fundamental principles of the Fao Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries and Common Fisheries Policy (Regulation (EC) No 2371/2002 of 20 December 2002). States should apply a precautionary approach choosing the best measures and policy, taking into account the latest scientific evidence available. The aim is Â«to protect and conserve living aquatic resources, to provide for their sustainable exploitation and to minimise the impact of fishing activities on marine eco-systems.Â» (article 2 Regulation (EC) No 2371/2002).

Parole chiave: scienza, protezione, precauzione, pesca, sviluppo.

Key words: Science, Protection, Precaution, Fishing, Development.
I distretti Ogm free: un'opportunitĂ di differenziazione del territorio
Authors: Lattanzi Pamela
Published: June 2021

Gli orientamenti comunitari sulla coesistenza consentono agli operatori - sulla base di accordi volontari - di dare vita ad aree geografiche senza coltivazioni geneticamente modificate o, piĂą in generale, a filiere non transgeniche. Ă questo il punto di partenza dell'idea dei distretti

, la cui realizzazione, consentendo di introdurre (e conservare) nel panorama regionale una realtĂ  costruita su regole diverse - e legittime - da quelle che vigono in generale per il comparto agroalimen- tare, permette di conseguire diversi risultati, tra cui quello di far acquisire un valore aggiunto alla "produzione" ottenuta nell'ambito di tali distretti. La diversitĂ  territoriale, cosĂ¬ costruita, necessita, per avere successo, di essere realizzata attraverso idonee politiche programmate e condivise da soggetti pubblici istituzionalmente competenti in materia.
Il ruolo dei Paesi in via di sviluppo per la protezione delle risorse biogenetiche e dei diritti delle comunitĂ locali che le hanno preservate
Authors: Altili Priscilla
Published: June 2021

Questo lavoro si propone di approfondire le problematiche relative alla tutela giuridica delle innovazioni in agricoltura e alla protezione delle risorse biogenetiche. Se da un lato, gli ordinamenti stimolano l'attivitĂ  inventiva con il riconoscimento all'inventore del diritto di sfruttamento esclusivo dell'invenzione, dall'altro, la conservazione e la protezione della diversitĂ  biologica, in generale, e della bio-diversitĂ  agricola, in particolare, sono considerate gli unici mezzi per evitare la progressiva perdita di risorse biogenetiche. I Paesi in via di sviluppo devono giocare un ruolo attivo per bilanciare queste necessitĂ . Gli strumenti giuridici esistenti devono essere perfezionati ed utilizzati fino in fondo per la protezione delle risorse biogenetiche.
Le norme sul finanziamento e sul riordino delle Comunitŕ montane al vaglio della Corte costituzionale
Authors: Losavio Clelia
Published: June 2021

Con le sentenze n. 237 del 2009 e nn. 27 e 326 del 2010, la Corte costituzionale, pur confermando la competenza esclusiva delle regioni in materia di comunitŕ montane a seguito della riforma del titolo V della Costituzione, riconosce, tuttavia, il potere dello Stato di incidere su tale materia se l'intervento statale rinviene un autonomo titolo di legittimazione nella sua competenza concorrente di coordinamento della finanza pubblica. Le norme dei provvedimenti statali presi ad esame dalla Corte, dunque, sebbene riguardino il riordino e il finanziamento delle comunitŕ montane, non costituiscono di per sé un'indebita invasione dell'area riservata all'autonomia delle regioni, ma la loro legittimitŕ deve essere valutata in base al criterio di riparto delle competenze concorrenti.
Parte III
Authors:   Redazione
Published: June 2021

Acting out di Maria Cristina Aguirre

Affetti di Christiane Alberti

Agalma di Elisa Alvarenga

Algoritmo di Juan

Fernando Pérez

Amore di Monique Amirault

Angoscia di Roberto Cavasola

Annodamenti di Gustavo Stiglitz

Artefatto di Anna Aromě

Associazione libera di Marie-José Asnoun

Atto analitico di Agnčs Aflalo

Autismo di Martin Egge, Chiara Mangiarotti
Parte IV
Authors:   Redazione
Published: June 2021

Balzac di François Regnault

Buco e vuoto di Emilia Cece

C'č di Fabian Fajnwaks

Caso di Gelindo Castellarin

Castrazione di Marie-Hélčne Blancard

Certezza di Réginald Blanchet

Cogito cartesiano di Hélčne Bonnaud

Contingenza di María Hortensia Cárdenas

La cosa di Margarita Bolinches

Credenza di Alicia Arenas
Parte V
Authors:   Redazione
Published: June 2021

Desiderio di Dora Pertessi

Discorso di Samuel Basz

Disillusione di Guy Trobas

Donna di Dominique Laurent

Epistemologia di Carlos Dante Garcia

Essere di Mercedes de Francisco

Evento di corpo di Bernard Lecoeur

Fallo di Gerardo Résquiz

Falsa parvenza di Maria do Rosario Collier Rego Barros

Fantasma di Ernesto Derezensky

Fine dell'analisi di Romildo do Ręgo Barros

Fobia di Christiane Ruffieux

Funzione e argomento di Graciela Esperanza

Godimento di Ana Ruth Najles
Parte VIII
Authors:   Redazione
Published: June 2021

Natura e mostri di Alejandro Daumas

Nevrosi ossessiva di Francisco Paes Barreto

Nevrosi di Céline Menghi

Niente di Yves-Claude Stavy

Nodi borromei di Fabiŕn Schejtman

Nomi-del-padre di Daniel Millas

Nominalismo e realismo di Graciela Musachi

Non-rapporto sessuale di Laure Naveau

Non-tutto di Adriana Rubistein

Non-zimbelli errano di Fabiŕn Abraham Naparstek

Oggetto (a) di Susana Dicker

Ontologia di Silvia Ons
Parte XI
Authors:   Redazione
Published: June 2021

Scuola di Ana Lucia Lutterbach Holck

Segno e significante di Marcus André Vieira

Senso e non-senso di Monica Torres

Significazione di Montserrat Puig

Simbolico di Isabella Ramaioli

Sintomo e sintoma di Guillermo Belaga

Soddisfazione di Blanca Sánchez

Soggetto supposto sapere di Silvia Elena Tendlarz

Struttura di Rosa Yurevich

Sublimazione di Gérard Wajcman

Supplenza di Francesc Vilŕ

Tappo di Enric Berenguer

Transfert di Hilda Vittar

Tutti pazzi di Luis Dario Salamone

Uomo di Nathalie Georges-Lambrichs

Veritŕ e menzogna di Graciela Brodsky
Gruppo Europeo di Cooperazione Territoriale (GECT). Prove di coesione territoriale
Authors: Spinaci Gianluca
Published: June 2021

- Mid-2006, the European Union adopts the Regulation establishing the European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation (EGTC), new legal instrument supporting the cooperation between different levels of territorial government across the borders. The paper presents some early findings on the application of the Regulation, in the hopeful wait for the ratification of the Lisbon Treaty, which would endow the Union with the new objective of territorial, in addition to economic and social, cohesion. The analysis focuses on those EGTCs already established and those which are close to be, striving to identify their potential added value in terms of enhanced cohesion and multilevel governance for an European territorial policy still in fieri.

Parole chiave: coesione, territorio, cooperazione, governance, GECT.

Keywords: cohesion, territory, cooperation, governance, EGTC.
Sistemi produttivi locali e competizione globale. Analisi di due regioni industriali: la produzione legno-arredo in North Carolina e nel Nord-Est italiano
Authors: Buciuni Giulio
Published: June 2021

- This article explores the international upgrading processes taking place within two furniture industrial clusters: the Distretto dell'Alto Livenza in Friuli Venezia Giulia and the cluster of High Point in North Carolina. The choise to direct the research activity on these industrial regions comes from the evidence that both the clusters have recently faced the outsourcing of numerous manufacturing activities. Starting from this remark, the study's objectives are oriented to detect the motivations that have led the outsourcing processes and the related consequences on the industrial regions and to analyze how High Point and the Alto Livenza are changing their international boundaries from both the production and the distribution perspective.
Il livello della qualitŕ della vita: questioni territoriali
Authors: Bruzzo Aurelio
Published: June 2021

L'articolazione in due parti del presente paper riflette da vicino il suo duplice obiettivo: da un lato, condurre una breve rassegna sul concetto di qualitŕ della vita e degli indicatori ad esso connessi, mettendone in evidenza le principali caratteristiche; dall'altro, illustrare le principali problematiche che emergono dal punto di vista territoriale, sebbene il territorio - assieme all'ambiente - costituisca un aspetto fondamentale della qualitŕ della vita nei paesi avanzati dal punto di vista economico e sociale, come l'Italia.
Welfare e sviluppo locale
Authors: Bertin Giovanni
Published: June 2021

I sistemi di welfare stanno attraversando un processo di profonda trasformazione interna e di legami con il sistema economico. Il passaggio dalla modernitŕ alla neo modernitŕ cambia il rapporto fra economia e welfare, non piů visto come fattore di risposta ai fallimenti del mercato, ma come motore dello sviluppo locale. Le politiche sociali incidono sulla salute, sulle capability e sul capitale sociale delle persone. Questi fattori costituiscono i determinanti sociali dello sviluppo locale. Lo studio dei sistemi locali di welfare e dei loro legami con lo sviluppo fa emergere alcune evidenze empiriche della relazione fra determinanti sociali e sviluppo locale.
L'intervento pubblico a livello regionale: suo failure e nuova formulazione?
Authors: Bruzzo Aurelio
Published: June 2021

Nel presente lavoro si affrontano nuovamente i temi, strettamente legati tra loro, dell'attivitŕ di programmazione e della politica per le PMI svolte dalle Regioni, al fine di illustrare i principali aspetti evolutivi evidenziati durante l'ultimo decennio, cercando di coglierne, da un lato, le principali cause di fondo e, dall'altro, le piů rilevanti implicazioni che ne derivano per il difficile periodo attualmente in corso. In tal modo, si cercherŕ di discutere circa la complessa questione se č necessario o meno che si debba ripensare l'intervento pubblico a livello regionale.
La criminalitŕ organizzata quale intermediario nel mercato del lavoro
Authors: Mennella Antonella
Published: June 2021

Attribuendo una interpretazione alternativa, rispetto a quella offerta dalla letteratura economica, dei reticoli sociali nel mercato del lavoro, si intende mettere in luce il ruolo che la criminalitŕ organizzata gioca su questo mercato. In tal caso il ricorso alla rete per fini occupazionali non č frutto di una libera scelta ma diventa condizione necessaria per poter accedere al mercato del lavoro: un mercato che diventa cosě il campo sul quale vengono giocate le politiche clientelari e quelle del consenso sociale ed elettorale.
Il lavoro artigiano nella globalizzazione
Authors: Micelli Stefano
Published: June 2021

La figura dell'uomo artigiano ha ricevuto negli ultimi anni una crescente attenzione da parte della ricerca socioeconomica internazionale. In questa nuova prospettiva di analisi, il saggio si propone di esaminare il suo effettivo contributo economico rispetto alla competitivitŕ dei settori tipici Made in Italy alla luce delle grandi trasformazioni che hanno segnato il sistema industriale italiano nel corso del decennio passato. Il saggio discute il contributo del lavoro artigiano nella media impresa industriale e riflette sulle modalitŕ con cui il lavoro artigiano caratterizza alcune funzioni chiave nell'ambito delle catene globali del valore. In termini di politiche, il paper discute il modo in cui rilanciare la competitivitŕ della piccola impresa promuovendone nuove politiche di formazione e di promozione a scala internazionale.
Abitare il Villaggio olimpico
Authors: Antonio di Campli
Published: June 2021

- This study presents the outcomes of a survey on living the Olympic Village in Turin, started in November 2007, positioning them around two main conceptual images, par life or living like within a park, and reversal between inside and outside in the living practices. Starting from these two images, and from the issues and problems connected to them, it is possible to describe living in the Olympic Village as a quiet living.

Key words living, practices, modernity, control, immunity, interiors.

Parole chiave: abitare, pratiche, modernitŕ, controllo, immunitŕ, interni.
Abitare Borgo Rossini
Authors: Todros Anna
Published: June 2021

- Borgo Rossini is a geographical and social enclave, characterized by changes which are not clearly visible, and defined by a sort of immobility. It's possible to observe the presence of an artisan class that disappeared elsewhere and a way of living bounded to the work, in its various forms. The integration of the large number of immigrants that lives in the area also takes place through the work, as a condition. There is a strong relationship between dwellings and jobs, that doesn't become promiscuity, but remains adjacency.

Key words: living, practices, enclave, tiny changes, mixed urban fabric, proximity.

Parole chiave: ri-abitare, pratiche, enclave, tessuto misto, cambiamenti minuti, prossimitŕ.
La forza dei luoghi, la debolezza degli strumenti: il progetto urbano alla prova
Authors: Savoldi Paola
Published: June 2021

- A major change is under way. Following a new season of urban policies in Italy, it seems now time to investigate the outcomes and critical points of their implementation. Referring to the work of the Torino research group, the article focuses on the design of projects of new urban development areas. The main questions driving the investigation concern the requirements and conditions allowing housing quality, social and functional blending and integration with the existing city. The main proposition to the reader is a call for moving among projects and places to understand how and if a project produces a place, among places and tools, to understand how and if a specific tool of urban transformation is able to produce the expected results. The observation point, hence the research method, recalls a relation to the specific contexts and a focus on practices and habits in place.

Keywords: Urban project, governance tools, mi ité, urban policies.

Parole chiave: Progetto urbano, strumenti di governo, mi ité, politiche urbane.
I conflitti territoriali in Catalogna: verso una caratterizzazione delle mobilitazioni sociali esistenti
Authors: Cruz-Gallach Helena
Published: June 2021

L'articolo analizza le mobilitazioni sociali sorte in Catalogna a causa di conflitti territoriali. Si focalizza l'attenzione sull'analisi delle mobilitazioni sociali emerse durante gli anni Sessanta per studiare poi quelle apparse nell'ultima decade. L'articolo cerca di conoscere le strategie che sviluppano le mobilitazioni e la diversitŕ di discorsi che elaborano per poter mostrare la varietŕ tipologica che presentano le mobilitazioni sociali oggi nei conflitti territoriali catalani.
Abitare in campagna. Un progetto normativo per il territorio, l'ambiente e il paesaggio
Authors: Besio Mariolina
Published: June 2021

L'autore considera le forme abitative che si stanno diffondendo nei territori rurali. Rileva le emergenze ambientali che vi si sono manifestate negli ultimi decenni e il rinnovato interesse per il paesaggio. Prende atto che in urbanistica il territorio extraurbano č stato un tema di scarsa importanza e che gli strumenti disponibili non sono adeguati. Conclude, mettendo a fuoco principi, criteri e categorie di un progetto normativo in grado di governare i nuovi processi abitativi in modo complessivo e organico.
Riconquistare i margini. Luoghi di centralitŕ di un territorio latente
Authors: Musarra Gabriella
Published: June 2021

Questo testo si assume il rischio di indagare e riflettere sui principali costrutti funzionali e simbolici con cui gli esseri umani organizzano i loro insediamenti: centro, limite, campagna. Cerca di provare a dare delle risposte, in un'ottica futura, alla minaccia incombente di un'entropia in struttura e forma. Non emerge dal testo una ricetta da proporre, ma la necessitŕ di rimodulare lo sviluppo del territorio alla luce delle innovazioni e dei grandi mutamenti in atto, sulla base di uno sforzo finanziario e organizzativo coordinato e tenendo conto della nuova dimensione euro-mediterranea.
Progettare politiche per le aree marginali: il caso delle Terre Alte
Authors: Calvaresi Claudio , Ridenti Rosanna
Published: June 2021

In questo articolo sosteniamo che, per interrogarsi su cosa significhi "abitare in periferia", conviene osservare quei contesti che piů acutamente mostrano condizioni di marginalitŕ. Soprattutto nelle aree montane, e in special modo nelle aree montane interne del nostro Paese. Nella prima parte, ci soffermeremo in particolare sui problemi tipici delle alte valli. Nella seconda, getteremo lo sguardo sul Gal e sul programma Leader plus. Infine, ci chiederemo cosa vuol dire operare in contesti marginali e quale puň essere la funzione del progetto di politiche.
Abitare la regione urbana. Il progetto MILU. Paesaggi urbani e paesaggi di periferia tra Milano e Lugano: proposte per una sintesi sostenibile
Authors: Kipar Andreas
Published: June 2021

Promuovere una nozione allargata dell'abitare significa assegnare valore alle peculiaritŕ dei luoghi, considerare l'esistente come risorsa da mettere a sistema e favorire nuove forme di percezione e comunicazione. Tale logica vale per lo piů per le aree periferiche. Seguendo questo approccio, i Raggi Verdi esprimono una strategia di pianificazione informale, legata a quella formale esistente, alla scala locale come a quella territoriale. Il progetto strategico MILU applica questi principi all'asta territoriale che collega Milano, Varese e Lugano.
"Alice" ... Nei Piani di Zona. Una sperimentazione di approccio integrato nelle pianificazioni urbane
Authors: Marzo Patrizia , Cirillo Michele
Published: June 2021

Gli autori descrivono gli aspetti sociali di un progetto innovativo realizzato dalla Regione Puglia. Il progetto conferma l'importanza dell'integrazione fra le pianificazioni pubbliche nella complessiva

del territorio regionale e, in particolare, della mobilitŕ dell'utenza "debole" della strada. Nel saggio sono esposte le motivazioni, le azioni, le fasi e i risultati della ricerca e delle altre azioni prodotte dal Progetto.
Le politiche pro-people contro la concentrazione della povertŕ urbana: il caso dei mobility programs statunitensi
Authors: Chiodelli Francesco
Published: June 2021

Oggetto del paper sono le politiche

contro la concentrazione della povertŕ urbana, ossia quelle

atte a deconcentrare la povertŕ favorendo nuove scelte localizzative dei poveri tramite l'erogazione di

. Dopo una sintetica analisi delle caratteristiche dei

, l'autore esamina principalmente il caso di

, ricavandone un quadro generale che mette in luce potenzialitŕ e criticitŕ di questa famiglia di politiche.
Lima cittŕ informale. Attori, ruoli e dinamiche dei processi di trasformazione urbana e di costruzione dell'housing sociale
Authors: Giacopelli Anna Licia
Published: June 2021

L'infinito espandersi degli

nei Paesi in Via di Sviluppo non č sintomo esplicito di un percorso allo sviluppo. La cittŕ informale ha assunto proporzioni consistenti ed č diventato un problema strutturale delle cittŕ. Si tratta, a livello mondiale, del prodotto di scarto della globalizzazione. Ci interessa provare ad analizzare, attraverso il caso studio di Lima Metropolitana, il ruolo delle Organizzazioni Non Governative (ONG) e delle Comunitŕ di Base nei processi partecipativi di costruzione del diritto a un habitat degno per gli abitanti della cittŕ informale.
L'identitŕ tra ricostruzione e recupero: il caso dei centri storici in Iraq
Authors: Cinŕ Giuseppe
Published: June 2021

I gravi ritardi che connotano la politica del recupero dei centri storici in Iraq sono fortemente segnati dalle conflittualitŕ inerenti la formazione di un'identitŕ culturale inclusiva e condivisa. Nel ripercorrere tale formazione l'autore sottolinea il controverso apporto fornito dalla cultura moderna, portatrice di nuovi valori identitari ma anche responsabile della rimozione di quelli propri alla cittŕ storica. Il testo si sofferma sulle conseguenze di questo fatto, leggibili in alcuni interventi oggi

, dove una controversa nozione di bene culturale č all'origine di scelte distruttive.
Negli interstizi delle azioni "innovative" di rigenerazione urbana
Authors: Tedesco Carla
Published: June 2021

Muovendosi nell'ambito delle esperienze di azioni

e integrate di rigenerazione urbana che hanno costituito terreno di sperimentazione nel campo delle politiche urbane nel corso degli anni Novanta e Duemila in Italia, questo contributo mette in discussione la possibilitŕ di liquidarle, valutandole in modo complessivo come inefficaci. E lo fa attraverso una lettura a livello "micro" delle connessioni tra esiti nei contesti locali e modalitŕ con le quali l'innovazione si č fatta strada (o meno) all'interno delle amministrazioni, alla luce non solo dei cambiamenti che hanno investito le politiche, ma anche di quelli che stanno investendo le organizzazioni e le pratiche lavorative.
Mappe dell'eccesso. Scenari: potenza e insidie
Authors: Schiavo Flavia
Published: June 2021

Obiettivo dell'articolo č analizzare un "nuovo" strumento di pianificazione: lo scenario. Partendo dalle matrici teoriche e storiche alla base dello scenario stesso, e richiamando esempi pregressi di pianificazione, si prosegue nell'analisi al fine di far emergere i punti di forza e quelli critici dello strumento. Anche attraverso un'elencazione ragionata di entrambi, specificando cosa sia possibile pianificare, realizzare, tramite lo scenario, e quali - tra soggetti e Istituzioni - siano gli attori deputati, in che tempi e con quali esiti.
La Bicocca: centro per la metropoli o quartiere per la cittŕ?
Authors: Pettenati Giacomo
Published: June 2021

Il Progetto Bicocca ha trasformato radicalmente una porzione consistente della Milano industriale, insediando funzioni residenziali, universitarie e direzionali in un'area dismessa nel cuore della cittŕ. Il seguente contributo ripercorre la storia di questo controverso intervento, soffermandosi a descriverne le principali caratteristiche in termini di forma urbana, funzioni e presenza di spazi pubblici. Si vuole in particolare sottolineare come gli esiti di questa importante trasformazione urbana abbiano coinciso solo in parte con le attese che diversi attori, pubblici e privati, riponevano su di essa, in particolare per quanto riguarda la creazione di un nuovo "centro in periferia" auspicata da Vittorio Gregotti, realizzatore del masterplan relativo all'intera area.
Marseille Euroméditerranée. Il governo urbano di fronte alla crisi
Authors: Lucido Simone
Published: June 2021

Fine dell'impero coloniale e deindustrializzazione hanno prodotto importanti cambiamenti nel tessuto sociale e urbano di Marsiglia. Dal 1995 la cittŕ č interessata da un processo di trasformazione che ha come obiettivi principali l'attrazione di nuovi investitori e l'intervento nei quartieri piů degradati. L'articolo riassume gli esiti dell'intervento, si concentra sul ruolo dell'organismo gestore, analizza le dinamiche della partnership pubblico-privato e gli effetti delle trasformazioni sul tessuto sociale.
La cittŕ di soglia
Authors: Bertin Mattia
Published: June 2021

La realtŕ urbana contemporanea č regolarmente interessata da eventi calamitosi. Questi disastri sono ormai ben definiti dal punto di vista sociale, psicologico e nelle metodologie di intervento previste per i soccorritori. Dal punto di vista degli studi territoriali perň non esistono concetti che definiscano la situazione in cui verte la cittŕ dopo l'emergenza. Č possibile riconoscere nel tempo postemergenziale un fatto urbano preciso, ancorché specificamente delineato nei singoli casi, e studiarlo in maniera unitaria? L'espressione "cittŕ di soglia", mutuata dai lavori di Walter Benjamin sulla Parigi dell'Ottocento, vuol essere un concetto ponte, capace al contempo di definire questa situazione, e di aprire un dibattito che porti a conoscerne le specificitŕ, cosě da fornire a pianificatori e analisti gli strumenti e una casistica da utilizzare in questi casi.
La costruzione delle competenze di cittadinanza a scuola: non basta una materia
Authors: Losito Bruno
Published: June 2021

- The article presents the ongoing debate on Citizenship Education in Italy compared with the debate carried out both at an International and at an European levels in the recent past years. Attention is paid to the definition and the development of citizenship competences as part of the broader key competences. The results of international comparative studies are used in order to suggest changes and improvements in the proposals related to the Italian school system.

Keywords Citizenship Education, key competences, competences, school innovation.