bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERAN DAN TANTANGAN GURU DALAM PERKEMBANGAN ABAD 21
Authors: Nabila Aisha
Published: May 2022

Guru adala seorang tenaga pendidik profesional yang mendidik, mengajarkan suatu ilmu, membimbing, melatih, memberikan penilaian, serta melakukan evaluasu kepada peserta didik. Di abad ke-21 dimana semua yang terjadi dunia ini terpengaruh oleh globalisasi yang juga menghampiri dunia pendidikan seharusnya guru juga terus berjuang untuk tetap komitmen mendidik anak didiknya dan mengajarkan nilai karakter bangsa. Inovasi pembelajaran sangat diperlukan dalam dunia pendidikan, maka dari itu munculnya globalisasi harus dimanfaatkan dampak positifnya dan menghindari dampak buruknya bagi pendidikan. Memberikan motivasi kepada siswa, di era globalisasi saat itu semangat belajar siswa harus bertambah tinggi dan lebih baik sehingga memperoleh prestasi belajar yang lebih tinggi. Dalam menghadapi perkembangan zaman yang semakin canggih ini guru harus dapat menerapkan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan media sosial dan teknologi, hal ini dapat menambah pengetahuan peserta didik dalam pembelajaran.
PROFESI GURU SEBAGAI FASILITATOR DALAM MENGHADAPI PEMBELAJARAN PADA ABAD 21
Authors: APRILIYANI SANDYA NANDIKA
Published: May 2022

Guru ialah orang yang merencanakan dan menjalankan proses kegiatan belajar mengajar dilingkungan pendidikan. Guru memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam upaya meningkatkan pendidikan suatu negara. Sebagai sebuah profesi guru memiliki kode etik yang harus dipahami dan dijalankan sesuai aturan yang berlaku. Seorang guru dituntut untuk bersikap profesional dalam menjalankan pekerjaannya saat mengajar dan berhadapan dengan para muridnya di ruang kelas. Pada era saat ini guru tidak hanya bertindak sebagai penyampai informasi atau materi disekolah, akan tetapi guru juga harus mampu bertindak sebagai fasilitator, dalam proses belajar mengajar. Memasuki abad 21 kemajuan teknologi telah memasuki berbagai sendi kehidupan, tidak terkecuali dibidang pendidikan. Sejumlah tantangan dan peluang harus dihadapi oleh pendidik dan peserta didik agar dapat bertahan dalam abad pengetahuan di era informasi ini.
PENGEMBANGAN PROFESIONALISME GURU SAAT PANDEMI COVID-19 DALAM MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI PROFESIONAL, SOSIAL DAN KEPRIBADIAN
Authors: ULANDARI AKNES MUTIA
Published: May 2022

Era New Normal merupakan adaptasi kebiasaan baru pada seorang guru sebagaitenaga kependidikan dalam rangka menggerakkan kembali kegiatan pengembanganpembelajaran profesionalisme yang mampu menerapkan sistem pembelajaran baru dari yang biasa kita lakukan yaitu belajar tatap muka sekolah. Profesionalitas guru dapat berarti guru yang profesional, yaitu seorang guru yang mampu merencanakan program belajar mengajar, melaksanakan dan memimpin proses belajar mengajar, menilai kemajuan proses belajar mengajar dan memanfaatkan hasil penilaian kemajuan belajar mengajar dan informasi lainnya dalam penyempurnaan proses belajar mengajar. Kompetensi sosial guru merupakan kemampuan guru untuk bisa memahami dirinya sebagai anggota masyarakat dan bisa beradaptasi ditengah kehidupan masyarakat dengan memahami dan menerapkan nilai dan norma yang berlaku di masyarakat karena guru merupakan bagian dari masyarakat. Kompetensi kepribadian merupakan salah satu jenis kompetensi yang perlu dikuasai guru, selain 3 jenis kompetensi lainnya: sosial, pedagogik, dan professional.
Tantangan Guru Bangsa Indonesia Dalam Pembelajaran Abad 21
Authors: Nurhalimah
Published: May 2022

Dapat diketahui guru sebagai fasilitator diharuskan memahami multiple intelegence. Potensi peserta didik tidak terbatas pada potensi akademik, beragam potensi lain selain potensi akademik sangat mungkin lebih dominan. Kondisi mengharuskan guru sebagai pendidik memberikan kesempatan peserta didik mengembangkan potensinya. Kondisi faktual di sekolah-sekolah di Indonesia umumnya di daerah yang belum benar-benar dirancang untuk mengembangkan potensi peserta didik. Kondisi tersebut menjadi tantangan guru menyalurkan minat peserta didik. Melakukan tindakan reflektif untuk peningkatan kualitas pembelajaran karena mendidik merupakan pekerjaan yang penuh tantangan. Setiap hari guru menemukan masalah baru, juga solusi baru untuk masalah yang lalu. Belajar terus adalah kunci keberhasilan guru dalam proses pembelajaran. Kondisi terjadi saat guru melakukan tindakan reflektif menjalankan rutinitasnya. Belajar dari kesalahan dan kekurangan sendiri dan peserta didik menjadi sangat penting untuk menghadapi setiap tantangan pembelajaran. Guru harus mampu menggunakan semua sumberdaya yang tersedia untuk terus memperbaiki diri dan kualitas pembelajaran, bahwa menjadi guru adalah profesi yang penuh tantangan.
GURU HARUS DAPAT ADAPTIF SOAL TEKNOLOGI AGAR MENJADI ALAT DALAM MELAWAN TANTANGAN PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Aziz Hamid Abdul
Published: May 2022

Guru sebagai pihak yang mendidik harus memiliki kamampuan dalam memahami dan adaptasi dalam perkembangan teknologi yang berkembang sangat pesat ini, seperti misalnya guru harus dapat keep up dengan perkembangan teknologi informasi dan media pembelajaran yang semakin bervariasi, agar dapat memunculkan metode baru dalam pembelajaran dalam keahlian dan bidangnya masing-masing dengan tujuan membuat anak didik dapat tertarik dan semanagt ketika pembelajaran, diluar dari itu adaptif dalam semua keadaan juga sangat penting seperti yang baru-baru ini terjadi pandemik covid-19 yang meningkat sangta pesat membuat gur harus dapat beradaptasi dengan cara belajar baru dan memahami hal baru lagi, agar tidak terjadinya kaget akan teknologi maka sebelum hal itu terjadi maka guru harus mampu menguasai cara belajar yang bervariasi dulu agar ketika terjadinya masalah seperti ini proses belajar tetap berjalan secara seharusnya.
Facebook enforcement “saga”: How to enforce competition, consumer, and data protection laws in the digital economy
Authors: Małobęcka Iga
Published: May 2022

The digital economy has brought new challenges to the enforcement of consumer, competition, and data protection laws as certain market practices (in particular, data practices) can simultaneously infringe all these three areas of law. However, the interdependence between consumer, competition, and data protection laws in the digital economy has so far been rarely reflected in their enforcement by national agencies. As evidenced by the Facebook enforcement “saga”, uncoordinated enforcement efforts by competition, consumer, and data protection agencies, which act in silos and focus only on national perspective, pose a threat to the effective protection of consumer welfare and data subject (consumer) rights in the EU. Therefore, it is proposed to introduce cooperation mechanisms between different agencies, both at the EU and national level, in cases involving practices that may potentially infringe all three areas of law and present a risk to sustainable development of the digital economy. It is argued that only a coordinated, cross-institutional, and multi-disciplinary enforcement can provide an effective response to such practices applied by digital giants, such as Facebook, Google, Amazon or Apple, and ensure that consumer welfare and data subject (consumer) rights are not compromised.
Social control of public administration: Twilight or renaissance? Observations in the context of the administration performed through the algorithms
Authors: Piecha Jacek
Published: May 2022

This article aims to analyse whether the social control over the administration will play any important role when the administration is going to be performed through the Artificial Intelligence algorithms. It seems that currently this method of controlling the administration is important to ensure that the administration is still integrated into a democratic state ruled by law. However, applying the Artificial Intelligence in the administration process may lead to the situation where the transparency of administrative process is significantly reduced. This may be due to the nature of algorithms. The humans are not able to “decode” or recreate the way the algorithm investigates and solves the given problem. Therefore there is a risk that democratic state may turn into the “technological anocracy” or even into the “technological authoritarianism”. In addition, reckless use of Artificial Intelligence in the administrative process may reverse the values of administrative law itself understood as the law which protects an individual against the abuse of administrative authority. The paper contains also the suggestions in changing the way of exercise the social control over the administration to ensure the democratic standards in the administrative process.
Glosa częściowo krytyczna do uchwały Sądu Najwyższego z dnia 17 marca 2017 r. (III CZP 110/16)
Authors: Świątczak Krzysztof
Published: May 2022

The Supreme Court in the judgment of 17 March 2017, Ref. No. III CZP 110/16, ruled that it is permissible to enter into an agreement to renounce a legal portion in Polish civil law. Until now, it was unacceptable. The Supreme Court ruled that since the inheritance can be renounced, all the more so a legal portion can be renounced. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the above resolution of the Supreme Court. The author intends to compare the judgment of the Supreme Court with the views of the representatives of the doctrine of Polish judicial law and the previous case-law.
Mediation in the administrative and court-administrative proceedings
Authors: Itrich-Drabarek Jolanta , Jurgilewicz Marcin , MISIUK ANDRZEJ , Zając Aleksandra
Published: May 2022

The legislator placed mediation in administrative and court-administrative proceedings. The normative regulation of this institution is mainly similar to the solutions applicable in civil proceedings. Mediation is voluntary and its conduct is entrusted to the mediator. The practical use of mediation in administrative or court-administrative proceedings makes an amicable formula that makes resolving administrative cases real. Considering the fact that in 2017 the legislator amended the administrative procedure by embedding mediation in the administrative law system, the authors of the study undertook the evaluation of the mediation institution in administrative and court-administrative proceedings.
Legal instruments to support local food systems: Conclusions de lege ferenda
Authors: Kapała Anna
Published: May 2022

Local food systems (LFS) is not a legal term, although it is used in EU documents, and legal instruments supporting their development can be indicated in EU, and national legal orders. Based on the analysis and comparison of these instruments, extracted from Italian, French, Polish, American, and EU legislation, this study aims to formulate proposals for possible and beneficial solutions to be introduced into national and EU legislation, aimed at supporting LFS. The proposal includes the introduction at the EU level, along with the local food labelling system, of the LFS definition supporting small farmers who run agricultural production with the use of environmentally friendly, sustainable methods. In the field of food law, it is necessary to articulate the LFS requirements more clearly so that they are better understood by farmers. In national legislation, the instruments to be implemented involve the possibility for the farmer to carry out the activity of processing and selling his products directly to consumers and local retailers as part of his privileged agricultural status, at the same time obliging municipalities to create farmers’ markets, and supporting agriculture in the urban and peri-urban areas. Other necessary instruments include the requirement to offer local products in gastronomy by public institutions, hotels, restaurants and agritourism, and implementation of appropriate solutions in the public procurement law encouraging local food supplies.
Information Ethics from a Multicultural Perspective: Content Analysis of Selected Library and Information Science Publications
Authors: Villagran Michele A. L. , Pampapura Madali Nayana , Green Amanda S. , Hawamdeh Suliman
Published: May 2022

Information ethics governs the way in which information is created, manipulated, and used. The integration of ethical values in education and coursework has been of interest in many fields, including the discipline of library and information science (LIS). Integrating information ethics in library and information science education and research is essential for preparing the next generation of information professionals for an increasingly diverse and multicultural society. This study examines information ethics from multicultural perspectives by exploring the extent to which LIS faculty view and articulate information ethics in their research and scholarly publications. The study sample was assembled by identifying the top LIS schools in the United States, selecting one LIS faculty member for each school, and examining the research output for each scholar for the use of multicultural and information ethics terminology. The text analysis was conducted using Python. Faculty were selected for the study based on their engagement in multicultural research rather than their minority status. The study results indicate that information ethics is not a primary research focus of LIS scholarship. There is no uniform reference for information ethics, and the most commonly associated terms received low percentage results. The impact of information ethics should be considered in every area of LIS scholarship and practice.
Comparison Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Primary and Secondary Ovarian Cancers
Authors: Choosak Kamonchanok , Thantiprechapong Thitirath
Published: May 2022

Objective: Due to primary and secondary ovarian cancer have different management, preoperative assessment is important. We endeavor to identify the different preoperative clinical characteristics. Methods: We performed a retrospective case-control study that included 31 patients with secondary ovarian cancer (SOC) and 301 controls with primary ovarian cancer (POC) diagnosed between 2007 and 2018. The demographic parameters, signs, symptoms, preoperative tumor marker levels, and imaging findings were reviewed. Results: The incidence of SOC was 2.5% (66/2605) of all ovarian malignancies. The most common site of origin was the colon (58.1%). Thirty-five percent of the patients with SOC had a history of previous malignancy and 80.8% of them were multiparous. Abdominal mass and bladder symptoms were significantly higher in patients with POC than those with SOC (p < 0.001, p = 0.04, respectively). The preoperative imaging showed that SOC was more often bilateralism (p < 0.001) and more presence of ascites (p = 0.004). The consistency of SOC was cystic-solid (50%). From the multivariate analysis, the risk of SOC was significantly increased in patients who developed previous malignancy, CEA level (>5 ng/mL), and CA 125/CEA ratio (≤25) with the odds ratios (95%CI) of 5.07 (1.52, 16.96), 6.17 (1.68, 22.59) and 12.12 (3.91, 37.59), respectively. Conclusions: The preoperative distinction between POC and SOC is difficult. A history of malignancy, an elevated serum CEA, and CA 125/CEA ratio, can provide a useful clue for diagnosis and proper management in these patients.
Volumetric Estimation of Lung Dose and Its Association with Pneumonitis Following Radiotherapy in Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Muttath Geetha , Erakkotan Greeshma Keloth , Jayaraj Anjana , Cheruliyil  Ayyappan Suja , Kumar. E.S Arun , Narayanan Vinin , Jones Joneetha , Narendran Arun. P. , Yahiya Nabeel , Suresh Akhil. P. , Malodan Riyas
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Lung is a major organ at risk during Post Mastectomy RadioTherapy (PMRT), because of the risk of Radiation Pneumonitis (RP). In countries like India 2D RT is widely used due to limited access to advanced technologies. We estimated the lung dose volumetrically in breast cancer patients treated with 2D tangential techniques, the incidence of acute RP and its association with lung dose. Methodology: Retrospective study of patients who underwent PMRT was done. The images with structure sets of cases planned using 2D technique were transferred to TPS and 3 D plans were generated. CLD, MLD, LL were measured from the 2D plan in the CT simulator. LDmean and V20 were measured from from DVH, in the TPS. Correlation between V20 and LDmean was done with CLD, MLD and LL. The incidence of radiation pneumonitis and its association with lung dose also was studied. Result: Total 50 patients were analyzed of which 3 patients had radiation pneumonitis. The mean CLD was 2.28 cm ± 0.54cm, MLD was 2.32 ± 0.6cm and LL was 12.52 ±2cm. V20 for two fields (MT+LT) was 17.04 ± 5.6 Gy and for three field (MT,LT and SCF) was 28.75 ± 8.6 Gy. Positive correlation was found between for V20 & LDmean and CLD, MLD & LL (p<0.05) 6% of patients developed Radiation pneumonitis but did not have association with V20 or MLD. Conclusion: Radiation pneumonitis is major concern after chest wall irradiation and the incidence is expected to be high with conventional technique where the volume is not accurately measured. It is still an option in countries like India with resource constraints by planning cautiously with the indicators of irradiated lung, like CLD and MLD within limits thus minimizing the incidence of radiation induced lung injury.
Clinicopathological Profile, Treatment Response and Survival of Cervical Cancer Patients from a Tertiary Cancer Centre in North Karnataka
Authors: Shivamurthy Sandeep K. , Lethika Rahul D. , Madabhavi Irappa V.
Published: May 2022

Background: North Karnataka consisting of large rural population doesnot have any report on carcinoma cervix clinical profile and treatment outcomes. Objectives: analysing the clinicopathological profile and survival data from a tertiary cancer Centre in north Karnataka and comparing it with that of data published worldwide. Methods: We analysed carcinoma cervix patients from our centre between Oct 2014 to Oct 2016. The clinicopathological, treatment-related parameters, outcomes were analysed. Results: A total of 360/450 patients treated radically, 60% of the patients were between 40-60 years with the youngest being 22 years and the eldest 84 years. 33.3% of patients had Comorbidity, 85% patients had History of bleeding. 87%were from rural area, 44.8% were literate. 46.6% of patients had stage IIIB followed by II (27.8%), 3.8%had para-aortic node and 3.1% had pelvic nodes. 93.3% had SCC, 80% received chemoradiation, 13%received adjuvant Radiation/chemoradiation and 7% only surgery. Response data available for 320 patients (88.8%) among 320, 74.6% had complete response, Residual disease present in 14%, 3% patients had stable disease and progressive disease in 7%. At 18 months post-treatment, the survival data were available for only 244 (67.7%) patients, out of which 187 patients (67.7%) were alive. Overall 50% of the patients lost to follow up within 3 years of treatment completion. The 3-year survival for the patients who followed up until 3 years was 62.3% (111/178 patients). The stage-wise 3-year survival was 70.6% for stage I, 83.6% for II, 60% for IIIA, 49% for IIIB, 33.3% for IIIC2 (para-aortic nodal involvement) and 28.6% for stage IVA (P-0.001). Conclusion: Awareness about carcinoma cervix in the rural population is still lacking and they are presenting at an advanced stage, which largely effects on survival of the patients.
Frozen Section Versus Permanent Section in Cancer Diagnosis: A Single Centre Study
Authors: Bharadwaj Barasha Sarma , Deka Muktanjalee , Salvi Manisha , Das B K , Goswami B C
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Frozen section is an intraoperative pathological technique which has very important role to play in diagnostics and also it plays important role in futher surgical management as specially in oncology setup. Most common indications for frozen section were confirmation of neoplasms, evaluation of margins status, evaluation of metastasis etc. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study of 200 frozen section cases, where frozen sections were compared with permanent Haematoxylin and Eosin stained slides. Accuracy of frozen sections were analysed with various parameters like true positive, false positive, sensitivity, specificity, concordance rate etc. Results: Highest number cases were from gall bladder/ biliary tract (45) followed by breast tissue (43), lymph node (32) etc. Diagnostic accuracy of frozen section was 95.5% (191/200 cases) when compared with permanent section. Concordance rate was 191 (95.5%), sensitivity 89.5% with positive predictive value 96.7% and negative predictive value 94.9% respectively. Conclusion: Adequate and accurate sampling is recommended and also interpretation error should be minimized to help reducing the rate of discordant cases.
COVID-19 Reinfection or Relapse: Case Series
Authors: Sarma Rinki , Kumar Balbir , Garg Rakesh , Kumar Brajesh
Published: May 2022

One-time reinfection with SARS-Cov-2 does not warranty of immunity against reinfection due to various possible reasons for this like waning immunity or high viral load or an immunocompromised state. Cases of reinfection have been reported from many countries in the world, here in this case series we are sharing the experience of three cases of reinfection from India. Two of them were old with multiple comorbidities and one is a young patient with no comorbidity. All three-patient got reinfected less than two months.
Application of a Time-Delay Model of the Plykin - Newhouse Attractor to Study the Dynamics of Neuro - Degeneration by Electroencephalography of the Brain
Authors: Belyakin Sergey , Shuteev Sergey
Published: May 2022

Neurodegeneration is the progressive loss of structure or function of neurons, which may ultimately involve cell death. Many neurodegenerative diseases-such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, and prion diseases-occur as a result of neurodegenerative processes. Neurodegeneration can be found in the brain at many different levels of neuronal circuitry, ranging from molecular to systemic. Because there is no known way to reverse the progressive degeneration of neurons, these diseases are considered to be incurable. Biomedical research has revealed many similarities between these diseases at the sub-cellular level, including atypical protein assemblies (like proteopathy) and induced cell death. These similarities suggest that advances against one neurodegenerative disease might ameliorate other diseases as well. In this report, an autonomous physical system is used, which is represented by a Smale Williams hyperbolic type attractor. Dynamics and evolution of neurodegeneration The Plykin-Newkhoz attractor model with the Piragas method is applied
Casting and Splinting Options for Pseudo-Jones Avulsion Fractures: An Evidence-to-Practice Review
Authors: Kingsley Amber M. , Reyes Aysha B. , Winkelmann Zachary K
Published: May 2022

Avulsion fractures of the 5th metatarsal bone occur when a portion of the bone is broken or pulled off the rest of the bone. These fractures are often seen in athletes, especially those of a young age. Fractures of the 5th metatarsal bone are more commonly treated non-surgically with immobilization of the foot. There are several different options for immobilization of the foot with no clear result as to which immobilization method is the most effective. The purpose of this evidence to practice review was to summarize a systematic review on comparative outcomes of immobilization interventions on avulsion fractures of the 5th metatarsal. The authors included five studies in this review that compared two intervention methods. The two main interventions compared were short leg casting and splinting of the foot, and the authors reviewed foot function scores and non-union rates of the foot.  It was found that foot function scores were greater in the splinting intervention groups, as well as a lower non-union rate of the 5th  metatarsal bone. From the results of this systematic review, we recommend the use of a removable splint for avulsion fractures of the 5th metatarsal bone.
TRANSFORMAÇÃO E EVOLUÇÃO EM TEMPOS DISRUPTIVOS
Authors: AYRTON MATHEUS DA SILVA NASCIMENTO , ERICK VIANA DA SILVA , KILMA DA SILVA LIMA VIANA
Published: May 2022

O livro Transformação e evolução em tempos disruptivos reflete, para além das questões científicas apresentadas por seus autores, um marco de resiliência e resistência a tempos de ressurgimento do obscurantismo. Em quase dois anos de Pandemia o mundo vivenciou, na prática, um grande avanço no sentido de construir saber científico. A velocidade desse avanço e o surgimento de novas tecnologias permitiram que a humanidade respondesse, rapidamente, ao SARS COV-2 e suas variantes, através do desenvolvimento de vacinas e novos medicamentos. No entanto, ao mesmo tempo em que isso ocorria, à revelia das novas tecnologias da informação e comunicação, uma onda de desinformação intencional percorria o globo através das redes sociais. A comunidade científica esteve na pauta dessa discussão, não apenas como fonte da solução do maior desafio sanitário enfrentado pela humanidade nos últimos 100 anos, mas, também, pelo crescimento de teorias da conspiração que questionavam a eficácia das vacinas, da ida ao homem à lua e da terra ser um globo. Nesse sentido, a expressão tempos disruptivos que nos traz à mente a interrupção de processos já estabelecidos e surgimento de outros, precisou ser vista como um ponto de reflexão na construção do saber. Os processos a serem modificados pela ação da humanidade podem ser de avanço ou de retrocesso no processo civilizatório, desde que a utilização das tecnologias, advindas do conhecimento científico, sejam mal utilizadas. Assim sendo, apesar das dificuldades no cenário de distanciamento social, da diminuição de recursos para pesquisa científica e menosprezo à Ciência, por parte de representantes do atraso, a comunidade acadêmica resiste e continua a avançar na divulgação científica. Esse livro, se soma a centenas de outros lançados no Brasil e no exterior com a finalidade de dar continuidade, mesmo na adversidade, ao fortalecimento do saber científico.
Highlighting Socio-Economic Problems of Eunuchs and Community Perception: A Case Study of Eunuchs in Peshawar
Authors: Ahmad Muhammad Wasim , Hashmi Hussain Ali
Published: May 2022

This anthropological research aims at finding out the problems faced by the eunuchs of Peshawar. This research aimed at targeting such eunuchs who are not involved in singing and dancing but are involved or trying to get involved in society by working just like anybody else to survive. This research is qualitative by using a descriptive research methodology.Primary data is collected through face-to-face in-depth interviews and case studies. Fifteen respondents are selected through the snowball sampling technique. The research explained how they get taunted or discriminated against by the general public. A few respondents expressed their views about how they are treated in their working area and how they get paid less than other workers at the same place. The findings highlight their problems and suggest a few recommendations so that a change can be brought in the people's attitude towards eunuchs.
Social Exploitation of Lower Class and Stratification System in Rawalpindi
Authors: Irshad Momina , Ali Shagufta Hamid
Published: May 2022

The main objective of the research is to study the exploitation and social oppression resulting in a lack of opportunities or unequal access to resources. The methodology is descriptive based on a constructivist research approach.Furthermore, the triangulation method was employed to avoid rapid saturation. For the sake of collection of data, observation,a structured questionnaire was employed. The sampling design is based on the SRS technique. Sample drawing was the essential constituent of the first phase. The research referred to some of the systems of stratification out of many, existing in societies. It also indicated certain stereotypes and obstructions faced by individuals due to the emergence of stereotypical discourses in society. In the end, the researcher tried to relate an ascribed trait(class or class mobility) with education (which sounds to be an achieved trait but is dependent upon several ascribed factors).
Gazociąg Baltic Pipe w koncepcjach zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa energetycznego Polski w myśli politycznej Sojuszu Lewicy Demokratycznej oraz Polskiego Stronnictwa Ludowego
Authors: Paszkowski Michał
Published: May 2022

Uzależnienie Polski od dostaw gazu ziemnego z Federacji Rosyjskiej było negatywnie oceniane przez polskie ugrupowania polityczne. Politycy wielu partii podnosili zasadność budowy zróżnicowanej struktury importu tego surowca, a ważną, rozważaną przez lata koncepcją energetyczną była współpraca z Norwegią. Celem artykułu jest analiza myśli politycznej Sojuszu Lewicy Demokratycznej oraz Polskiego Stronnictwa Ludowego w odniesieniu do budowy gazociągu Baltic Pipe. Główny paradygmat badawczy, zastosowany w tekście, stanowi analiza świadectw i śladów myśli politycznej. Podjęcie badanego tematu było istotne z uwagi na brak opracowań, w których można znaleźć efekty autorskich studiów dotyczących stanowiska partii politycznych w kontekście budowy tego gazociągu.
Методологія біологічного експерименту в 9-му класі
Authors: Комарова Олена Володимирівна
Published: May 2022

У статті проаналізовано підходи до вимог біологічного навчального експерименту. Розкрито методологічні вимоги до постановки навчального експерименту (досліду) з вивчення впливу ритму та навантаження на час настання втоми.
Принципи формування системи знань старшокласників у процесі навчання біології
Authors: Комарова Олена Володимирівна
Published: May 2022

У статті наголошується на тому, у зв’язку з трансформаційними процесами, що відбуваються в суспільстві та в системі загальної середньої освіти, а саме впровадженням положень Державного стандарту базової і повної загальної середньої освіти на старшому ступені навчання, потребують перегляду теоретико-методологічні засади його організації. Стверджується, що реалізація компетентнісного підходу до навчання має балансувати із засвоєнням учнями фундаментальної основи змісту навчального предмета. Автором підкреслюється те, що нею є методологічні знання учнів, які водночас розглядаються центральним елементом системи знань старшокласників, засобом фундаменталізації змісту сучасної біологічної освіти та ефективним засобом посилення аксіологічної та культурологічної спрямованості змісту біології в старшій школі. Схарактеризований авторський підхід до виділення принципів формування системи знань старшокласників із біології. Стверджується, що такими є принципи генералізації, діяльності, еволюціонізму, екологічності, міждисциплінарності, наступності, науковості, системності, фундаментальності. Перспективи подальшого дослідження автор вбачає у розробці методичних шляхів формування системи знань учнів із біології, ґрунтуючись на виділених принципах.
Аксіологічний потенціал навчального предмету "Біологія"
Authors: Комарова Олена Володимирівна
Published: May 2022

У статті наголошується на необхідності формування такої якості системи знань старшокласників із біології як аксіологічність. Одним із ефективних методів при цьому є історичний. Матеріали статті грунтуються на результатах дисертаційного дослідження згідно яких розкриття перед старшокласниками шляху становлення біологічного знання, його різних видів, демонстрування ролі особистості вченого в отриманні об'єктивної істини є прийомами надання цінності засвоюваному навчальному матеріалу.
Обґрунтування поняття «система знань старшокласників із загальної біології»
Authors: Комарова Олена Володимирівна
Published: May 2022

У статті подано визначення поняття "система знань старшокласників із загаьної біології"; виділено та схарактеризовано її якості.
Виявлення гендерного чинника в нелітературній лексиці (на матеріалі українських, російських та англійських художніх текстів)
Authors: Гарлицька Т. С.
Published: May 2022

Статтю присвячено дослідженню гендерних особливостей на матеріалі нелітературної лексики українських, російських та англійських художніх текстів. Розглядаються також види некодифікованих одиниць, якими частіше всього послуговуються чоловіки та жінки; визначаються спільні та відмінні риси в тематиці та функціональному призначенні нелітературної лексики чоловіків та жінок різних народів.
Теоретико-методологічні принципи вивчення міського мовлення в лінгвістиці
Authors: Гарлицька Т. С.
Published: May 2022

У статті розглядається поліпарадигмальний підхід до наукового дослідження мови міста, що ґрунтується на традиційній системі наукових парадигм: порівняльно-історичній, системно-структурній та антропоцентричній. Основна увага зосереджена на соціолінгвістичному та лінгвокультурологічному напрямках дослідження міського мовлення.
Навчання лексичного матеріалу англійської мови за допомогою асоціативного методу
Authors: Казаку Я. О. , Соловйова Н. Д.
Published: May 2022

Стаття присвячена навчанню англійського лексичного матеріалу за допомогою асоціативного методу. Розглянуто методи запам’ятовування лексичних одиниць і вдосконалення лексичних навичок учнів.
Интеграция прагматической лингвистики в дидактическую концепцию
Authors: Малигін О. Г.
Published: May 2022

У статті розглядаються проблеми інтеграції прагматичної лінгвістики у дидактичну концепцію викладання іноземних мов за кордоном. Зазначені аспекти прагма-функціопальної концепції, які вшивають на викладання іноземних мову Європі.
Осмысление эмоционального тона стихотворения А. А. Ахматовой "Я сошла с ума..."
Authors: Любецкая В. В.
Published: May 2022

Стаття присвячена осмисленню «емоційного тону» окремого вірша А. А. Ахматової – «Я з’їхала з глузду...» (збірка «Вечір», 1912 р.). Емоційний тон багато в чому визначає загальний характер поезії того чи іншого автора, тому що веде до розуміння сенсу цілої ліричної творчості в його родовій специфіці.
Нарративные и стилистические особенности цикла Э. Золя "Ругон-Маккары"
Authors: Михальченко Тетяна Вікторівна
Published: May 2022

Дану статтю присвячено вивченню нарративних і стилістичних особливостей романної прози Е. Золя. Використання письменником художніх засобів літературного імпресіонізму та символізму при зберіганні епічності та реалістичної широти охоплення дійсності розглядається як засіб оновлення романної прози, що йде в дусі естетичних пошуків епохи порубіжжя XIX-XX століть.
Український та європейський вектори вивчення російської мови, літератури, зарубіжної літератури в процесі соціалізації особистості громадянського суспільства
Authors: Тітаренко Л. М.
Published: May 2022

У статті розглянуті шляхи реалізації українського та європейського векторів вивчення російської мови, літератури, зарубіжної літератури в школі. На фоні реалій сьогодення розглянуті проблеми та перспективи викладання предметів, розроблені конкретні методичні рекомендації. Стаття буде корисна вчителям, які викладають предмети «російська мова», «зарубіжна література» та інтегрований курс «Література».
The Correlations of Plasma Liver-Type Fatty Acid-Binding Protein with Amyloid-β and Tau Levels in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Cheng Yuan , Jian Jie-Ming , He Chen-Yang , Ren Jun-Rong , Xu Man-Yu , Jin Wang-Sheng , Tan Cheng-Rong , Zeng Gui-Hua , Shen Ying-Ying , Chen Dong-Wan , Li Hui-Yun , Yi Xu , Zhang Yuan , Zeng Fan , Wang Yan-Jiang
Published: May 2022

Background: The dysregulation of lipid metabolism plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP, also known as FABP1) is critical for fatty acid transport and may be involved in AD. Objective: To investigate whether the FABP1 level is altered in patients with AD, and its associations with levels of amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau in the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a Chinese cohort consisting of 39 cognitively normal controls and 47 patients with AD. The levels of FABP1 in plasma, and Aβ and tau in CSF, were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A single-molecule array (SIMOA) was used to detect plasma Aβ levels. Results: The level of plasma FABP1 was significantly elevated in the AD group (p = 0.0109). Further analysis showed a positive correlation of FABP1 with CSF total tau (t-tau) and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) levels. Besides, plasma FABP1/Aβ42 (AUC = 0.6794, p = 0.0071) and FABP1/t-tau (AUC = 0.7168, p = 0.0011) showed fair diagnostic efficacy for AD. When combined with other common AD biomarkers including plasma Aβ42, Aβ40, and t-tau, both FABP1/Aβ42 and FABP1/t-tau showed better diagnostic efficacy than using these biomarkers alone. Among all AUC analyses, the combination of plasma FABP1/t-tau and Aβ42 had the highest diagnostic value (AUC = 0.8075, p < 0.0001). Conclusion: These findings indicate that FABP1 may play a role in AD pathogenesis and be worthy of further investigation in the future.
Prefrontal Activation During Effortful Processing Differentiates Memory Abilities in Adults with Memory Complaints
Authors: Yeung Michael K. , Lee Tsz-lok , Chan Agnes S.
Published: May 2022

Background: Identifying individuals at increased risks for developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is crucial for early intervention. Memory complaints are associated with brain abnormalities characteristic of AD in cognitively normal older people. However, the utility of memory complaints for predicting mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or AD onset remains controversial, likely due to the heterogeneous nature of this construct. Objective: We investigated whether prefrontal oxygenation changes measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during an arduous cognitive task, previously shown to be associated with the AD syndrome, could differentiate memory abilities among individuals with memory complaints. Episodic memory performance was adopted as a proxy for MCI/AD risks since it has been shown to predict AD progression across stages. Methods: Thirty-six adults self-reporting memory complaints in the absence of memory impairment completed a verbal list learning test and underwent a digit n-back paradigm with an easy (0-back) and a difficult (2-back) condition. K-means clustering was applied to empirically derive memory complaint subgroups based on fNIRS-based prefrontal oxygenation changes during the effortful 2-back task. Results: Cluster analysis revealed two subgroups characterized by high (n = 12) and low (n = 24) bilateral prefrontal activation during the 2-back but not a 0-back task. The low activation group was significantly less accurate across the n-back task and recalled significantly fewer words on the verbal memory test compared to the high activation group. Conclusion: fNIRS may have the potential to differentiate verbal memory abilities in individuals with self-reported memory complaints.
Alzheimer’s Disease at a Crossroad: Time to Part from Amyloid to More Promising Aspects—Atherosclerosis for a Start
Authors: Høilund-Carlsen Poul F. , Revheim Mona-Elisabeth , Alavi Abass
Published: May 2022

Three decades with the amyloid hypothesis, nearly two with amyloid-PET imaging, and one with testing of anti-amyloid therapy have not yielded benefits to patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). It is time to focus on more promising options, e.g., infection, low dose radiation, and atherosclerosis. The relevance of the latter in managing AD has fluctuated from being significant to insignificant. Current methodologies for detecting cerebral atherosclerosis reflect advanced changes in only major arteries. In contrast, 18F-sodium fluoride PET imaging assessing early-stage cerebral atherosclerosis regionally or in the entire vascular bed may provide new insight in this age-related process in dementia.
An adoptive renewable energy resource selection using Hesitant Pythagorean Fuzzy DEMATEL and VIKOR methods
Authors: Geetha Selvaraj , Narayanamoorthy Samayan , Kang Daekook , Baleanu Dumitru
Published: May 2022

Nowadays, energy from renewable energy resources (RERs) partially satisfies society’s energy demands. Investment in the renewable energy system is an arduous task because of huge investments. Generally, RERs selection involves conflicting criteria. Hence there is necessary to evaluate the RERs alternatives in economic, technological, and environmental aspects. Here, DEMATEL (Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory) method has been utilized to assess the interrelationship among the criteria under hesitant Pythagorean fuzzy (HPF) information. The Pythagorean fuzzy set (PFS) has recently obtained enormous attention and is applied widely in decision-making. We have proposed an integrating model with DEMATEL and VIKOR (Vise Kriterijumska Optimizacija Kompromisno Resenje) methods to identify and evaluate the criteria and alternatives in RERs selection. Within the proposed model, the HPF-DEMATEL method is utilized for weighting the criteria, and the HPF-VIKOR method is utilized for ranking. Finally, an illustrative example demonstrates the proposed method.
Feature fusion network based on siamese structure for change detection
Authors: Wang Gaihua , Dai Yingying , Zhang Tianlun , Lin Jinheng , Chen Lei
Published: May 2022

Remote sensing image change detection is to analyze the change information of two images from the same area at different times. It has wide applications in urban expansion, forest detection, and natural disaster. In this paper, Feature Fusion Network is proposed to solve the problems of slow change detection speed and low accuracy. The MobileNetV3 block is adopted to efficiently extract features and a self-attention module is applied to investigate the relationship between heterogeneous feature maps (image features and concatenated features). The method is tested in data sets SZTAKI and LEVIR-CD. With 98.43 percentage correct classification, it is better than other comparative networks, and its space complexity is reduced by about 50%. The experimental results show that it has better performance and can improve the accuracy or speed of change detection.
PCA-Pruner: Filter pruning by principal component analysis
Authors: Zhang Wei , Wang Zhiming
Published: May 2022

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have been widely used in various domains due to their outstanding performance. However, they simultaneously bring enormous computational overhead, making it difficult to deploy to mobile and edge devices. Therefore, researchers use network compression techniques such as quantization, knowledge distillation and neural network pruning to alleviate this problem. Among network pruning, filter pruning has received broad attention. At present, most of the filter pruning methods need to define pruning rates manually, which is a trial-and-error process and requires rich experimental experience. Some methods obtain global optimal network parameters by Neural Architecture Search (NAS) or Evolutionary Algorithms (EA) to overcome this difficulty. However, they also introduce huge computational burden. To mitigate the above problems, this study proposes a pruning strategy based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) called PCA-Pruner. Filter weights of a layer is regarded as a set of features, and the number of filters responding to feature dimension. Then, the number of reserved filters in each layer can be determined by PCA which is a classical dimensionality reduction technology. After that, we calculate the L1 norm of each filter in each layer and use it as an importance measurement to prune filters. Experimental results show that PCA-Pruner achieve performance improvements over the state-of-the-arts algorithms. For example, we compress the FLOPs and parameters of ResNet-56 on CIFA-10 by 45.8% and 47.1%, with an increase in accuracy of 0.27%. For ResNet-110 on CIFAR-10, we improve the accuracy by 0.58% and reduce the FLOPs and Params of the model by 58.3% and 56.2%, respectively. Towards ResNet-56 on CIFAR-100 dataset, we achieve a 38.8% FLOPs decrease and 38.0% Params reduction with only 0.69% accuracy loss.
Fuzzy logic supervisor – A surgical skills assessment system using multi-class detection of laparoscopic box-trainer instruments
Authors: Fathabadi Fatemeh Rashidi , Grantner Janos L. , Shebrain Saad A. , Abdel-Qader Ikhlas
Published: May 2022

Recent developments in deep learning can be used in skill assessments for laparoscopic surgeons. In Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS), surgeons should acquire many skills before carrying out a real operation. The Laparoscopic Surgical Box-Trainer allows surgery residents to train on specific skills that are not traditionally taught to them. This study aims to automatically detect the tips of laparoscopic instruments, localize a point, evaluate the detection accuracy to provide valuable assessment and expedite the development of surgery skills and assess the trainees’ performance using a Multi-Input-Single-Output Fuzzy Logic Supervisor system. The output of the fuzzy logic assessment is the performance evaluation for the surgeon, and it is quantified in percentages. Based on the experimental results, the trained SSD Mobilenet V2 FPN can identify each instrument at a score of 70% fidelity. On the other hand, the trained SSD ResNet50 V1 FPN can detect each instrument at the score of 90% fidelity, in each location within a region of interest, and determine their relative distance with over 65% and 80% reliability, respectively. This method can be applied in different types of laparoscopic tooltip detection. Because there were a few instances when the detection failed, and the system was designed to generate pass-fail assessment, we recommend improving the measurement algorithm and the performance assessment by adding a camera to the system and measuring the distance from multiple perspectives.
Shape and textural based image retrieval using K-NN classifier
Authors: Pande Sandeep Dwarkanath , Rathod Suresh Baliram , Chetty Manna Sheela Rani , Pathak Shantanu , Jadhav Pramod Pandurang , Godse Sachin P.
Published: May 2022

Due to the evolution in the digital domain limitless multimedia is generated daily. It creates a necessity of potential and appealing image resuscitation system. In this paper, a shape and texture-based image retrieval system is proposed that estimates the resemblances of each query image with the images stored in the repository in the form of shape and textural facets and retrieves the images within an expected range of resemblance. The proposed approach employs a statistical approach for image retrieval. The proposed approach takes into account discriminative features of the input image for generating the shape and texture descriptors that produce outstanding results for image databases of restricted variety, which merely includes homogeneous patterns, this approach yielded satisfactory results. For texture images it uses the spatial gray level dependency matrix (SGLDM) and proposes an algorithm to compute the the inverse difference moment (IDM) as the optimal image representative feature. It further employs K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN) classifier for the classification and retrieval tasks. The proposed system outperforms the various other ultra-modern content-based image retrieval (CBIR) systems in many respects.
An optimal model for domain specific named entity linking with heterogeneous information networks
Authors: Mythrei S. , Singaravelan S.
Published: May 2022

In this web era, entity linking plays a major role. In the web the information’s are associated with different kinds of data and objects. Heterogeneous information networks (HIN) involved multi composed interlinked interconnected objects with various types of connections which is more prominent in this real world. Most of the research work focused towards processing homogeneous networks as well as linking entities with Wikipedia as knowledge base. In this paper we proposed a probabilistic based domain specific entity linking system that will link named entity mentions detected from unstructured web text corpus with corresponding entity in the existing domain specific Heterogeneous information networks as knowledge base. This work is most challenging due to entity name ambiguity as well as knowledge in the network that are limited one. The proposed model framework presents a model that will link named entity from unstructured web text with domain specific Heterogeneous information network mainly focuses on to learn the weight of meta path. The experiments are done over real world dataset such as DBLP and IMDB dataset.