bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Silica-supported Zinc Chloride (ZnCl2/SiO2)-induced Efficient Protocol for the Synthesis of N-sulfonyl imines and 2-Arylbenzothiazole
Authors: Soliman Hanan A. , El-Shahat Mahmoud , Soliman Abdel-Ghany
Published: October 2018

A straightforward strategy for the synthesis of N-sulfonyl imine derivatives from sulfonamides and aryl aldehydes utilizing Silica-supported zinc chloride (ZnCl2/SiO2, silzic) as a catalyst under solvent-free conditions has been developed. 2-Arylbenzothiazole derivatives were also synthesized by the reaction of 2-aminothiophenol with aryl aldehydes under the same conditions. This procedure has advantages of high yields, mild reaction condition, simple procedure, low cost, and simplicity of workup. The catalyst has the same efficiency on its reuse up to three times.
Exhaled Nitric Oxide in COPD
Authors: Bikov Andras , Meszaros Martina , Lazar Zsofia
Published: October 2018

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common and progressive disorder which is characterised by pathological abnormalities driven by chronic airway inflammation. The assessment of airway inflammation in routine clinical practice in COPD is limited to surrogate blood markers. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) is a marker of eosinophilic airway inflammation in asthma, and it can predict steroid responsiveness and help tailor corticosteroid treatment. The clinical value of FENO in COPD is less evident, but some studies suggest that it may be a marker of the eosinophilic endotype. More importantly, mathematical methods allow investigation of the alveolar/small airway production of NO which potentially better reflects inflammatory changes in anatomical sites, most affected by COPD. This review summarises the pathophysiological role of nitric oxide in COPD, explains the methodology of its measurement in exhaled air and discusses clinical findings of FENO in COPD.
Comparative Study of Nutritional and Phytochemical Attributes of Andrographis paniculata, Bryophyllum pinnatum and Clitoria ternatea for Nutraceutical Applications
Authors: Sharma Kriti , Chauhan Ekta S.
Published: October 2018

Background:

Andrographis paniculata, Bryophyllum pinnatum and Clitoria ternatea are the nutritionally adequate herbs that are easily accessible and low cost. The presence of phytochemicals makes them helpful in the management of various diseases specifically being diabetes, anemia and hypertension leading to prevention of heart diseases.

Objective:

Current investigation is aimed to determine the nutritional and phytochemical composition of leaves of Andrographis paniculata, Bryophyllum pinnatum and Clitoria ternatea.

Methods:

All the experiments were done according to standard procedures of the Association of Analytical Communities (AOAC).

Results:

Leaves of Clitoria ternatea were recorded to have a maximum concentration of vitamin C, compared to Andrographis paniculata and Bryophyllum pinnatum. Simultaneously, carbohydrate content was also recorded to be maximum and found significantly higher (p<0.05) as compared to Andrographis paniculata and Bryophyllum pinnatum. Leaves of Andrographis paniculata were found to have maximum contents of ash, manganese, calcium, sodium and iron which were also significantly higher (P<0.05) as compared to Bryophyllum pinnatum and Clitoria ternatea. Levels of potassium, magnesium and phosphorus were recorded maximum in Bryophyllum pinnatum among the three herbs studied. Levels of alkaloids, flavonoids and tannins were recorded to be significantly elevated (P<0.05) in Clitoria ternatea among studied herbs. Meanwhile, saponins and phenolic compounds were found to be maximum in leaves of Bryophyllum pinnatum and they were significantly elevated (P<0.05) as compared to Andrographis paniculata and Clitoria ternatea.

Conclusion:

Nutrients and phytoconstituents help to maintain nutritional status as well as prevent various disorders. Therefore, they should be included as a dietary supplement.
Defectos en madera de eucalipto asociados a daños por heladas en Entre Ríos, Argentina
Authors: García María de los Ángeles , Mastrandrea Ciro Andrés
Published: October 2018

En un rodal de Eucalyptus grandis afectado por heladas se estudió la asociación entre daños por heladas y defectos en la madera. Cuatro meses después de las heladas se clasificaron 40 árboles de 3 años en 3 clases de daño por heladas: sin daño aparente, ápice seco, toda la copa dañada; se les midió altura y diámetro normal (DAP) y dos años después se midieron nuevamente y se apearon 19 individuos de las 3 clases. En las dos primeras trozas se estimó el módulo de elasticidad dinámico (MOE) y en las tablas se registró presencia de médula, pudrición, grietas y kino. Los datos se analizaron con modelos mixtos, prueba LSD de Fisher, análisis de correspondencia múltiple y modelos lineales generalizados mixtos. En la primera medición los árboles sin daño aparente presentaban altura y DAP significativamente mayores a los demás. Dos años después de la primera medición los árboles que habían presentado toda la copa dañada mostraron valores de DAP significativamente menores. El MOE de las segundas trozas resultó significativamente mayor en árboles sin daño aparente comparados con los de toda la copa dañada. Solo se observó pudrición en árboles con daño visible, pero sin diferencias significativas en la proporción de tablas con pudrición en las dos clases. La asociación entre grietas y daño por heladas no fue significativa. El daño por heladas según la escala usada se asocia con pudrición en tablas y con el módulo de elasticidad de las trozas.
Monitoring Physical Activity Levels Using Twitter Data: Infodemiology Study (Preprint)
Authors: Liu Sam , Chen Brian , Kuo Alex
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND

Social media technology such as Twitter allows users to share their thoughts, feelings, and opinions online. The growing body of social media data is becoming a central part of infodemiology research as these data can be combined with other public health datasets (eg, physical activity levels) to provide real-time monitoring of psychological and behavior outcomes that inform health behaviors. Currently, it is unclear whether Twitter data can be used to monitor physical activity levels.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to establish the feasibility of using Twitter data to monitor physical activity levels by assessing whether the frequency and sentiment of physical activity–related tweets were associated with physical activity levels across the United States.

METHODS

Tweets were collected from Twitter’s application programming interface (API) between January 10, 2017 and January 2, 2018. We used Twitter's garden hose method of collecting tweets, which provided a random sample of approximately 1% of all tweets with location metadata falling within the United States. Geotagged tweets were filtered. A list of physical activity–related hashtags was collected and used to further classify these geolocated tweets. Twitter data were merged with physical activity data collected as part of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Multiple linear regression models were fit to assess the relationship between physical activity–related tweets and physical activity levels by county while controlling for population and socioeconomic status measures.

RESULTS

During the study period, 442,959,789 unique tweets were collected, of which 64,005,336 (14.44%) were geotagged with latitude and longitude coordinates. Aggregated data were obtained for a total of 3138 counties in the United States. The mean county-level percentage of physically active individuals was 74.05% (SD 5.2) and 75.30% (SD 4.96) after adjusting for age. The model showed that the percentage of physical activity–related tweets was significantly associated with physical activity levels (beta=.11; SE 0.2; P<.001) and age-adjusted physical activity (beta=.10; SE 0.20; P<.001) on a county level while adjusting for both Gini index and education level. However, the overall explained variance of the model was low (R2=.11). The sentiment of the physical activity–related tweets was not a significant predictor of physical activity level and age-adjusted physical activity on a county level after including the Gini index and education level in the model (P>.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Social media data may be a valuable tool for public health organizations to monitor physical activity levels, as it can overcome the time lag in the reporting of physical activity epidemiology data faced by traditional research methods (eg, surveys and observational studies). Consequently, this tool may have the potential to help public health organizations better mobilize and target physical activity interventions.
Classification and Regression Tree and Computer Adaptive Testing in Cardiac Rehabilitation: Instrument Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Peute Linda , Scheeve Thom , Jaspers Monique
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND

There is a need for shorter-length assessments that capture patient questionnaire data while attaining high data quality without an undue response burden on patients. Computerized adaptive testing (CAT) and classification and regression tree (CART) methods have the potential to meet these needs and can offer attractive options to shorten questionnaire lengths.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to test whether CAT or CART was best suited to reduce the number of questionnaire items in multiple domains (eg, anxiety, depression, quality of life, and social support) used for a needs assessment procedure (NAP) within the field of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) without the loss of data quality.

METHODS

NAP data of 2837 CR patients from a multicenter Cardiac Rehabilitation Decision Support System (CARDSS) Web-based program was used. Patients used a Web-based portal, MyCARDSS, to provide their data. CAT and CART were assessed based on their performances in shortening the NAP procedure and in terms of sensitivity and specificity.

RESULTS

With CAT and CART, an overall reduction of 36% and 72% of NAP questionnaire length, respectively, was achieved, with a mean sensitivity and specificity of 0.765 and 0.817 for CAT, 0.777 and 0.877 for classification trees, and 0.743 and 0.40 for regression trees, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Both CAT and CART can be used to shorten the questionnaires of the NAP used within the field of CR. CART, however, showed the best performance, with a twice as large overall decrease in the number of questionnaire items of the NAP compared to CAT and the highest sensitivity and specificity. To our knowledge, our study is the first to assess the differences in performance between CAT and CART for shortening questionnaire lengths. Future research should consider administering varied assessments of patients over time to monitor their progress in multiple domains. For CR professionals, CART integrated with MyCARDSS would provide a feedback loop that informs the rehabilitation progress of their patients by providing real-time patient measurements.
Development and Evaluation of ClientBot: Patient-Like Conversational Agent to Train Basic Counseling Skills (Preprint)
Authors: Tanana Michael J , Soma Christina S , Srikumar Vivek , Atkins David C , Imel Zac E
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND

Training therapists is both expensive and time-consuming. Degree–based training can require tens of thousands of dollars and hundreds of hours of expert instruction. Counseling skills practice often involves role-plays, standardized patients, or practice with real clients. Performance–based feedback is critical for skill development and expertise, but trainee therapists often receive minimal and subjective feedback, which is distal to their skill practice.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we developed and evaluated a patient-like neural conversational agent, which provides real-time feedback to trainees via chat–based interaction.

METHODS

The text–based conversational agent was trained on an archive of 2354 psychotherapy transcripts and provided specific feedback on the use of basic interviewing and counseling skills (ie, open questions and reflections—summary statements of what a client has said). A total of 151 nontherapists were randomized to either (1) immediate feedback on their use of open questions and reflections during practice session with ClientBot or (2) initial education and encouragement on the skills.

RESULTS

Participants in the ClientBot condition used 91% (21.4/11.2) more reflections during practice with feedback (P<.001) and 76% (14.1/8) more reflections after feedback was removed (P<.001) relative to the control group. The treatment group used more open questions during training but not after feedback was removed, suggesting that certain skills may not improve with performance–based feedback. Finally, after feedback was removed, the ClientBot group used 31% (32.5/24.7) more listening skills overall (P<.001).

CONCLUSIONS

This proof-of-concept study demonstrates that practice and feedback can improve trainee use of basic counseling skills.
Early Detection of Depression: Social Network Analysis and Random Forest Techniques (Preprint)
Authors: Cacheda Fidel , Fernandez Diego , Novoa Francisco J , Carneiro Victor
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND

Major depressive disorder (MDD) or depression is among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders, affecting more than 300 million people globally. Early detection is critical for rapid intervention, which can potentially reduce the escalation of the disorder.

OBJECTIVE

This study used data from social media networks to explore various methods of early detection of MDDs based on machine learning. We performed a thorough analysis of the dataset to characterize the subjects’ behavior based on different aspects of their writings: textual spreading, time gap, and time span.

METHODS

We proposed 2 different approaches based on machine learning singleton and dual. The former uses 1 random forest (RF) classifier with 2 threshold functions, whereas the latter uses 2 independent RF classifiers, one to detect depressed subjects and another to identify nondepressed individuals. In both cases, features are defined from textual, semantic, and writing similarities.

RESULTS

The evaluation follows a time-aware approach that rewards early detections and penalizes late detections. The results show how a dual model performs significantly better than the singleton model and is able to improve current state-of-the-art detection models by more than 10%.

CONCLUSIONS

Given the results, we consider that this study can help in the development of new solutions to deal with the early detection of depression on social networks.
Medication Use for Childhood Pneumonia at a Children’s Hospital in Shanghai, China: Analysis of Pattern Mining Algorithms (Preprint)
Authors: Tang Chunlei , Sun Huajun , Xiong Yun , Yang Jiahong , Vitale Christopher , Ruan Lu , Ai Angela , Yu Guangjun , Ma Jing , Bates David
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND

Pattern mining utilizes multiple algorithms to explore objective and sometimes unexpected patterns in real-world data. This technique could be applied to electronic medical record data mining; however, it first requires a careful clinical assessment and validation.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to examine the use of pattern mining techniques on a large clinical dataset to detect treatment and medication use patterns for childhood pneumonia.

METHODS

We applied 3 pattern mining algorithms to 680,138 medication administration records from 30,512 childhood inpatients with diagnosis of pneumonia during a 6-year period at a children’s hospital in China. Patients’ ages ranged from 0 to 17 years, where 37.53% (11,453/30,512) were 0 to 3 months old, 86.55% (26,408/30,512) were under 5 years, 60.37% (18,419/30,512) were male, and 60.10% (18,338/30,512) had a hospital stay of 9 to 15 days. We used the FP-Growth, PrefixSpan, and USpan pattern mining algorithms. The first 2 are more traditional methods of pattern mining and mine a complete set of frequent medication use patterns. PrefixSpan also incorporates an administration sequence. The newer USpan method considers medication utility, defined by the dose, frequency, and timing of use of the 652 individual medications in the dataset. Together, these 3 methods identified the top 10 patterns from 6 age groups, forming a total of 180 distinct medication combinations. These medications encompassed the top 40 (73.66%, 500,982/680,138) most frequently used medications. These patterns were then evaluated by subject matter experts to summarize 5 medication use and 2 treatment patterns.

RESULTS

We identified 5 medication use patterns: (1) antiasthmatics and expectorants and corticosteroids, (2) antibiotics and (antiasthmatics or expectorants or corticosteroids), (3) third-generation cephalosporin antibiotics with (or followed by) traditional antibiotics, (4) antibiotics and (medications for enteritis or skin diseases), and (5) (antiasthmatics or expectorants or corticosteroids) and (medications for enteritis or skin diseases). We also identified 2 frequent treatment patterns: (1) 42.89% (291,701/680,138) of specific medication administration records were of intravenous therapy with antibiotics, diluents, and nutritional supplements and (2) 11.53% (78,390/680,138) were of various combinations of inhalation of antiasthmatics, expectorants, or corticosteroids. Fleiss kappa for the subject experts’ evaluation was 0.693, indicating moderate agreement.

CONCLUSIONS

Utilizing a pattern mining approach, we summarized 5 medication use patterns and 2 treatment patterns. These warrant further investigation.
Pneumococcal Vaccination Utilization Among Hispanic Long-Term Colorectal Cancer Survivors: Cross-Sectional Assessment of Claims (Preprint)
Authors: Moran Ryan J , Waalen Jill , Murphy James , Nalawade Vinit , Schiaffino Melody
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cancer-related cause of death in the United States. However, survivorship has been increasing. Both cancer survivors and underserved populations experience unique health-related challenges and disparities that may exist among long-term CRC survivors as it relates to routine preventive care, specifically pneumococcal (PNM) vaccination.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between long-term CRC survival and the receipt of PNM vaccine among Hispanic Medicare recipients compared with non-Hispanic populations.

METHODS

This study is a cross-sectional analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare claims data examining ethnic differences in the receipt of PNM vaccination among long-term CRC survivors. Multivariable logistic regression models considered Hispanic ethnicity while controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidity score, age, tumor stage, and SEER registry.

RESULTS

Our sample revealed 32,501 long-term CRC survivors, and 1509 identified as Hispanic (4.64%) based on an established SEER algorithm. In total, 16,252 CRC survivors, or 50.00% of our sample, received a PNM vaccination. We found that Hispanic CRC survivors had 10% decreased odds of having received a PNM vaccine compared with non-Hispanic survivors (P=.03).

CONCLUSIONS

Disparities likely exist in the utilization of PNM vaccination among long-term CRC survivors. Among Medicare beneficiaries, the use of claims data regarding PNM vaccination highlights the relatively poor utilization of guideline-directed preventive care.
Visualización multi-escala de aciertos y errores de un mapa de usos de suelo: El caso de la cuenca del lago de Cuitzeo, Michoacán, México
Authors: Couturier Stephane , Coria Valdemar , Deniau Yannick , Osorno Covarrubias Francisco Javier
Published: October 2018

En la última década, un avance metodológico significativo ha permitido medir la fiabilidad de mapas regionales de usos de suelo en los paisajes altamente dinámicos de los países sub-tropicales. Lo anterior ha sido posible con un desarrollo geoestadístico y con la teoría de la lógica difusa, y ha involucrado la construcción de un acervo detallado de materiales cartográficos evaluados y de verificación. Sin embargo, la visualización de ambos materiales, de su comparación, y de la distribución espacial explícita de aciertos y errores derivados de estos estudios (con su enorme potencial visual-explicativo para la toma de decisiones con base en esta cartografía), no ha sido publicada. Presentamos aquí la visualización de aciertos y errores, con criterios de lógica difusa, del mapa de usos de suelo de alta taxonomía de la cuenca del lago de Cuitzeo extraído de la cartografía a escala 1:250,000 del Inventario Forestal Nacional del año 2000 en México.
Korelasi Dukungan Keluarga Dengan Respon Cemas Anak Saat Pemasangan Infus
Authors: Merdekawati Diah , Dasuki Dasuki
Published: October 2018

Pre-school age is particularly vulnerable to the effects of stress and fear during hospitalization. Children under the age of 6 are less able to think about an event as a whole, have not been able to determine behavior that can overcome the fear based on experience ever experienced and coping strategies ever done. The aims of this research to know correlation family support with child anxious response during infusion. This study was a quantitative with correlation study using cross sectional method. There were 51 respondents participated in this research. Data were collected through observation with purposive sampling technique. Then, data were analysed through univariate and bivariate. The result of univariate statistic test revealed that as much as 64.7% had good family support and 56.9% experienced an anxious response during infusion. The result of  bivariate statistic test showed that there was a positive correlation with moderate strength between family support and child's anxious response during infusion. This riset showed that families should provide support when children experience fear, anxiety and pain during infusion.

Usia pra sekolah sangat rentan terhadap efek stress dan ketakutan selama rawat inap. Anak- anak dibawah usia 6 tahun kurang mampu berpikir tentang suatu peristiwa secara keseluruhan, belum bisa menentukan perilaku yang dapat mengatasi ketakutan berdasarkan pengalaman yang pernah dialami dan strategi koping yang pernah dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui korelasi dukungan keluarga dengan respon cemas anak saat pemasangan infus. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif studi korelatif dengan metode cross secsional. Sebanyak 51 responden terlibat dalam penelitian ini. Pengumpulan data melalui observasi. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat. Dari hasil uji statistik univariat diketahui sebanyak 64,7% memiliki dukungan keluarga baik dan 56,9% mengalami respon cemas saat pemasangan infus. Hasil uji statistik bivariat menunjukkan ada korelasi positif dengan kekuatan sedang antara dukungan keluarga dengan respon cemas anak saat pemasangan infus. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa keluarga sebaiknya memberikan dukungannya pada saat anak mengalami ketakutan, kecemasan dan rasa nyeri pada saat pemasangan infus.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Dan Sikap Ibu Dengan Keputusan Waktu Penyapihan
Authors: Desmariyenti Desmariyenti , Sarlis Nelfi , Fitriani Rima
Published: October 2018

Good weaning time is done at the age of the child reaches 2 years. Weaning at less than 2 years of age can cause problems in children such as incidence of infectious diseases, especially increased diarrhea, nutritional effects that lead to malnutrition in children and cause the relationship of children and mothers is reduced closeness because bounding attachment process is disrupted. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge  and  attitude  of  the  mother  with  the  decision  of  weaning  time  in Tangkerang Timur Work Area Puskesmas Tenayan Raya. This research was conducted in Mei-Juni 2017 and this research using research type is quantitative data with research design  using  cross  sectional.  Sampling  technique  using  Stratified  random  sampling, population in this study amounted to 368 people and samples 184 people in East Tangkerang Village. The analysis used is univariate and bivariate. The result of this research is can be concluded that there is significant relation between knowledge with time weaning (p-value 0,000 <0,05), there is significant relation between attitude with time weaning (p-value 0,000 <0,05). Mothers exclusively breastfeed to their babies until 6 months of age and and continue with breastfeeding until 24 months of age.

 

Waktu penyapihan yang baik dilakukan pada usia anak mencapai 2 tahun. Penyapihan yang dilakukan pada usia kurang dari 2 tahun dapat menyebabkan masalah pada anak seperti insiden penyakit infeksi terutama diare meningkat, pengaruh gizi yang mengakibatkan malnutrisi  pada  anak  dan  menyebabkan  hubungan  anak  dan  ibu  berkurang  keeratannya karena proses bounding attachment terganggu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan dan sikap ibu dengan keputusan waktu penyapihan di Keluraan Tangkerang Timur Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tenayan Raya. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Mei-Juni tahum 2017 dan penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian adalah data kuantitatif dengan  desain penelitian menggunakan  cross sectional. Teknik sampling menggunakan Stratified random sampling, Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 368 orang dan sampel 184 orang di Kelurahan Tangkerang Timur. Analisa yang diunakan adalah univariat dan bivariat. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa ada hubungan bermakna antara pengetahuan dengan waktu penyapihan (p-value 0,000< 0,05), ada   hubungan   bermakna   antara   sikap   dengan   waktu   penyapihan   (p-value   0,000   <0,05). Diharapkan ibu memberikan ASI eksklusif pada bayinya sampai usia 6 bulan dan dan dilanjutkan dengan MPASI sampai usia 24 bulan.
Modelos relacionales y conflicto trabajo-familia: un estudio con muestras de Brasil y los Estados Unidos de América
Authors: De Andrade Alexsandro Luiz , Ziebell de Oliveira Manoela , Knowles Cari M.M.H. , De Carvalho Bonifácio Neto Haroldo , Hatfield Elaine
Published: October 2018

La teoría del apego busca entender cómo los lazos emocionales pueden afectar diferentes aspectos de la vida de las personas a través del continuo de la vida. Este estudio tiene como objetivo comprender cómo los patrones de estilos de apego ansiosos y evasivos explican las dimensiones de conflictos trabajo-familia: interferencia de trabajo con la familia (ITF) e interferencia familiar con el trabajo (IFT). Para lograr esto, los datos fueron recolectados a través de dos cuestionarios con muestras de Brasil y de los Estados Unidos de América. La muestra incluyó a 676 personas mayores de 18 años, 369 de Brasil y 307 de EUA. Los resultados demostraron que el estilo de ansioso se relaciona y predice ambas dimensiones del conflicto trabajo-familia. Por su parte, el estilo evitativo fue predictivo solo para participantes de los EUA. Estos resultados acentúan la importancia de la investigación de los estilos de apego y sus interacciones con las demandas de trabajo y familia.
Relaciones entre fortalezas del carácter y percepción de apoyo social
Authors: Porto Noronha Ana Paula , Nogueira Silva Elaine , Rueda Fabián J. M.
Published: October 2018

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo estudiar las relaciones entre fortalezas del carácter y la percepción del apoyo social a través de la Escala de Fortalezas del Carácter – EFC y de la Escala de Apoyo Social - EPSUS-IJ (Versión Infanto-Juvenil). Participaron de la investigación 293 adolescentes, con edades entre 14 y 17 años (M=14.95, DT=3.038), de ambos sexos, siendo 67.8% del sexo femenino. Como resultado fue posible identificar que el factor 1 (Enfrentamiento de Problemas) contribuyó significativamente en 21 fortalezas. A su vez, en los factores Interacción Social y Afectividad presentaron coeficientes significativos en 14 y 12 fortalezas respectivamente. Los hallazgos se discuten con base en la literatura.
Evaluación del potencial de aprendizaje en adultos mayores: influencia de la mediación en una prueba de memoria
Authors: Gonzalez Aguilar María Josefina , Rubio Milagros , Grasso Lina
Published: October 2018

La versión “potencial de aprendizaje” de la Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT-PA) evalúa el rendimiento luego de una mediación activa por parte del evaluador. La AVLT-PA permite cuantificar una curva de aprendizaje mediante un puntaje de ganancia. Estudios previos demostraron que un puntaje de ganancia igual o mayor a 3 evidenciaría presencia de potencial de aprendizaje. Objetivos. Analizar diferencias en el rendimiento en la AVLT-PA en sujetos evaluados con mediación y sin mediación. Metodología. Se aplicó una batería neuropsicológica y la AVLT-PA a dos grupos de 35 adultos mayores cognitivamente sanos: un grupo recibió la mediación y el otro grupo no. Se comparó el rendimiento entre ambos grupos. Resultados. Se observaron diferencias en el último intento de la AVLT-PA, post-test y puntaje de ganancia en el grupo que recibió la mediación. Conclusiones. En ambos grupos, los sujetos inician la AVLT-PA recordando una cantidad de palabras similar. Sin embargo, los sujetos que recibieron la mediación del evaluador finalizan la prueba recordando más palabras que el grupo que no la recibió, evidenciando y validando la utilidad de la aplicación de esta versión de la prueba para la evaluación de potencial de aprendizaje.
Evaluación del desarrollo positivo en adolescentes mexicanos: estudio exploratorio
Authors: Betancourt Ocampo Diana , González-González Alejandro , Acedo Trueba María José , Shamosh Hamui Celia , Greene Torres Claudia Andrea , Ohrenstein Nasielskier Samuel
Published: October 2018

El objetivo del presente estudio fue diseñar y valorar psicométricamente un instrumento que evalúa el desarrollo positivo de adolescentes mexicanos. Para lo cual se seleccionó una muestra no probabilística de 400 adolescentes, estudiantes de nivel secundario, 57% fueron hombres y 43% mujeres, con un promedio de edad de 13.5 años. Con base en la revisión de la literatura se diseñó un instrumento basado en la propuesta de Lerner (2004), de 59 reactivos que se agrupan en cinco escalas Likert que evalúan las cinco características del desarrollo positivo: Competencia (13 reactivos, α= .809), Cuidado (6 reactivos, α= .672), Confianza (11 reactivos, α= .837), Conexión (17 reactivos, α= .920) y Carácter (12 reactivos, α= .854). Los resultados mostraron que el instrumento cuenta con propiedades psicométricas adecuadas para este estudio. La discusión analiza la utilidad del instrumento en población adolescente mexicana para la valoración del desarrollo positivo y como instrumento para evaluar la efectividad de programas de promoción del desarrollo saludable en adolescentes.
Análisis de las inteligencias múltiples y creatividad en universitarios
Authors: Hidalgo Fuentes Sergio , Sospedra-Baeza María Josefa , Martínez-Álvarez Isabel
Published: October 2018

Un reto de la educación actual es formar a alumnos competentes para desenvolverse en una sociedad diversa y dinámica. El cociente intelectual no es suficiente para garantizar el éxito académico ni profesional (Extremera & Fernández-Berrocal, 2006) y deben considerarse aspectos cognitivos, sociales y emocionales. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar el grado alcanzado en estudiantes universitarios de trabajo social en las inteligencias múltiples, inteligencia emocional, creatividad y rendimiento académico, así como su relación y las diferencias en función del sexo y el curso en una muestra de 100 estudiantes. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en función del curso y relaciones entre algunos componentes emocionales e inteligencias múltiples. Así, los resultados hallados ponen de manifiesto la relevancia y relación entre las variables evaluadas para el rendimiento global de los estudiantes universitarios y, por tanto, la pertinencia y necesidad de diseñar intervenciones dirigidas a la optimización de las mismas de manera integrada.
LABORATÓRIOS DIDÁTICOS DE QUIMICA: DE LIEBIG (1803-1873) AOS PROCESSOS DE QUALIDADE E BIOSSEGURANÇA NO SÉC. XX
Authors: Da Costa Marco Antônio Ferreira , Costa Maria de Fátima Barrozo
Published: October 2018

Este artigo discute a experimentação em laboratórios didáticos de química, a partir do modelo de Liebig, no século XIX, até a chegada dos processos de qualidade e de biossegurança no século XX, perpassando, de forma sintética, pela história do ensino de química no Brasil.
OBJETOS DE APRENDIZAGEM E O ENSINO DE MATEMÁTICA: POSSÍVEIS APROXIMAÇÕES
Authors: Bueno Caroline Kavan , Coelho Neto Joao
Published: October 2018

A utilização das Tecnologias Digitais no processo de ensino e aprendizagem tem se mostrado como um meio de potencializar a aprendizagem dos alunos nas aulas de Matemática na Educação Básica. Diante dessa perspectiva, esse trabalho teve como enfoque desenvolver uma Revisão Sistemática de Literatura, a fim de identificar a importância e quais os objetos de aprendizagem para o ensino da Matemática na Educação Básica, por meio do site do Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia, no período de 2007 a 2016, analisando os trabalhos que estão relacionados ao tema elencado na pesquisa. De acordo com os dados, dos 156 trabalhos relacionados a Objetos de Aprendizagem, sendo que dessas consultas apenas 20 estão relacionadas com os Objetos de Aprendizagem no ensino de Matemática na Educação Básica, mostrando que apesar de inúmeras pesquisas trazerem a importância e os benefícios da utilização desses recursos no ensino de Matemática, averiguações relacionadas diretamente a área investigada ainda carecem de teses e dissertações que focalizam sua utilização nesse nível educacional.
JOGOS EDUCATIVOS ELABORADOS EM UMA ESCOLA PÚBLICA ESTADUAL
Authors: Dos Anjos Saulo Reis , Martins Liziane , Fortuna Jorge Luiz
Published: October 2018

O lúdico desperta interesse dos estudantes quando está presente em uma metodologia e a utilização do jogo faz com que se obtenha eficácia em conjunto com outros métodos didáticos, no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. O levantamento e análise de jogos tornam-se de grande importância para discutir, aprimorar, revisar e até mesmo construir materiais pedagógicos a partir da produção de estudantes da instituição. Este estudo teve como objetivo inventariar e analisar os jogos educativos que foram elaborados no Colégio Estadual Democrático Ruy Barbosa (CEDERB), no município de Teixeira de Freitas-BA, no período 2012-2016. A coleta partiu do contato direto com os jogos produzidos pelo CEDERB, que estão guardados na sala dos bolsistas do PIBID. Os critérios que foram analisados foram: nome do jogo; tipo de jogo; tema do jogo; número de jogadores; tempo médio de jogo; material; regras; ano de elaboração; e ilustração do jogo. Verificou-se que um total de 17 jogos foram produzidos no período de 2012-2016. Dentre a diversidade encontrada nos jogos produzidos foi possível considerar fatores importantes para a análise do conjunto, com destaque para: finalidade a qual o jogo foi produzido, os perfis dos seus produtores, os temas abordados e os tipos de jogos. O estudo desenvolvido demonstra as atividades tanto da instituição de ensino quanto do PIBID na produção de jogos, que auxiliam na aplicação de conteúdos com materiais didáticos.
EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL E COTIDIANO: DO PARADIGMA MODERNO À ECOLOGIA DOS SABERES
Authors: Eduardo Janaína Rodrigues de Freitas Machado , Nascimento Milena de Sousa , Lima Isabela Mazza de , Paraíso Alves Marcelo
Published: October 2018

Este artigo é um recorte de um estudo qualitativo desenvolvido no Colégio Estadual Rio de Janeiro (CERJ), em Volta Redonda/RJ, conduzido sob a ótica da Pesquisa com o Cotidiano e a noção de conhecimentos em redes, por meio do mergulho nas redes estabelecidas por estudantes e professores. Neste trabalho objetivamos a investigação das práticas de Educação ambiental desenvolvidas no cotidiano do CERJ. Especificamente, discutimos a influência do paradigma moderno no currículo praticado e narramos a montagem de um mural sobre impactos ambientais e a consequente criação do making off dessa atividade. Os instrumentos usados foram o caderno de campo e as redes de conversações que surgiram nas rodas de conversas e no grupo criado pelos estudantes no Facebook. Os dados produzidos revelaram algumas influências do paradigma moderno evidenciadas na compartimentalização do conhecimento, no enfoque na memorização dos conteúdos e na predominância da percepção conservadora de meio ambiente. Por conta disso, buscamos a aproximação com a Sociologia das Ausências para incentivar a ruptura das práticas com a razão indolente. Movimento que culminou na criação de um making off coletivamente fabricado para dar visibilidade às ações dos sujeitospraticantes e possibilitou a reflexão sobre as práticas educativas, a partir dos diferentes usos e artes de fazer a Educação ambiental no cotidiano do CERJ.
RESENHA DE GÊNERO E DIVERSIDADE: FORMAÇÃO DE EDUCADORAS/ES - TEIXEIRA E MAGNABOSCO
Authors: Da Silva Prisciliana Conceição
Published: October 2018

Este trabalho trata-se de uma resenha crítica do livro “Gênero e Diversidade: formação de educadoras/es” das autoras Cintia Maria Teixeira e Maria Madalena Magnabosco, publicado em 2010 pela editora Autêntica, que faz parte da série “Cadernos da Diversidade”. A obra aborda a questão de gênero e diversidade relacionada à educação e destina-se as/aos professoras/es da educação básica. Por meio da discussão de conceitos como de gênero, corpo, sexualidade e relações de gênero, as autoras objetivam realizar em seus leitores o seguinte movimento: questionarem seus conhecimentos prévios e suas práticas escolares sobre as questões de gênero, refletirem sobre a temática a partir da leitura e construírem novos conhecimentos, condizentes com a realidade da diversidade, que os levarão a uma nova prática. Para auxiliar as/os educadoras/es na aplicação de novas práticas ou no desenvolvimento de uma práxis educativa sobre gênero, as autoras propõem, em substituição à metodologia tradicional, a Metodologia Ativa, sugerindo como instrumento as oficinas.
Região, Diversidade Territorial e Globalização
Authors: Haesbaert Rogério
Published: October 2018

Resumo A região e a questão regional seguem sendo relevantes e são revigoradas, pois mesmo na era da globalização a diversidade territorial se manifesta tanto através de profundas desigualdades (econômicas) - que o marxismo ajuda a explicar, quanto de diferenças (culturais), sobrevalorizadas pelo chamado pós-estruturalismo. Neste jogo de múltiplos desenhos territoriais, a relação local-global adquire destaque e a região se torna muito mais complexa, manifestando-se tanto na forma tradicional dos territórios-zona quanto na forma de territórios-rede ou "redes regionais" . Palavras-chave: região, regionalização, global-local. Abstract Region and regional question endure being relevant and they are reinvigorated, as even in the globalization era the territorial diversity appears by deep (economic) inequalities - explained mainly in marxist terms, and by (cultural) differences, overemphasized by the poststructuralism. At this game of multiple territorial designs, the global-local relation is emphasized and region becomes much more complex, appearing in the traditional form of zonal-territories as well as in the form of network-territories (or "regional networks"). Keywords: region, regionalization, global-local.
A Diferença e a Geografia: O ardil da identidade e a representação da diferença na geografia
Authors: Moreira Ruy
Published: October 2018

Resumo A centração no discurso da identidade fez da geografia um dos campos de saber que mais concorreu para a dissolução da diferença, e, assim, ao bloqueio à constituição de uma teoria da representação que combinasse dialética e ontologia do espaço, tal como parece agora emergir com a liberação ontológico-ôntica da diferença. Palavras-chave: diferença, identidade, dialética.Abstract Resting its axis on the identity discourse has made geography one of the knowledge fields which most contributed to the dissolution of difference and, hence, to obstruct a representation theory constitution, which would combine dialectics and space ontology, as it looks to emerge now with the difference ontological-ontic liberation. Keywords: difference, identity, dialetics.
O Território na transição Pós-Modernidade
Authors: Claval Paul
Published: October 2018

Resumo A Geografia Humana, que só recentemente desenvolveu maior interesse pelo território, associa-o, conforme as circunstâncias, às idéias de poder e controle, à natureza do laço social ou ao papel das representações simbólicas. O interesse das ciências sociais pelos problemas de identidade cresceu paralelamente ao interesse dos geógrafos pelo território: a identidade está vinculada à cons-trução do “self” ou às relações com o outro, e permanece como uma noção elusiva. O território serve como uma base para sentimentos de identidade de diversos modos. A transição para a pós-mo-dernidade desafia as forças por trás de identidades tradicionais, que induzem a uma busca de identifi-cação para objetos ou paisagens. Isso provoca o fim das filosofias da História sobre as quais foram construídas as identidades e os territórios de outrora. A subseqüente proliferação de discursos iden-titários expressa o déficit de sentido de mundo de hoje e pode se revelar perigoso por suas conse-qüências políticas. Palavras-chave: Controle, História, Identidade, Alteridade, Pós-modernidade, Poder, “Self”, Território. Abstract Human geography, which developed only recently an interest for territory, links it, according to the circunstances, to the idea of power and control, the nature of social link, or the role of symbolic representations. The interest of social sciences for the problems of identity grew at the same time than that of geographers for territory: identity is linked to the construction of self or the relations with others, and remains an elusive notion. Territory serves as a basis for identity feelings according to variable modes. The transition to postmodernity challenges the forces behind traditional identities, which induces a frienzed quest of identification to things or landscapes. It provokes the end of the philosophies of history, upon which were built the identities and territories of yesterday. The ensuing proliferation of identitary discourses expresses the deficit of sense of the world of to-day, and may be dangerous through its political consequences. Keywords: Control, History, Identity, Otherness, Postmodernity, Power, Self, Territory.
Sociedade em Rede: Paraíso ou Pesadelo? Reflexões acerca de novas formas de articulação social e territorial das sociedades
Authors: Randolph Rainer
Published: October 2018

Resumo O ensaio visa fornecer elementos conceituais da teoria social crítica a fim de permitir (i) uma leitura crítica da disseminação indiscriminada do termo “rede” e (ii) sua re- apropriação para a caracterização das transformações sociais e territoriais pelas quais passam as sociedades contemporâneas. Interroga, neste sentido, as idéias mais recentemente publicadas por Castells sobre a sociedade em rede, apontando incoerências na abordagem desse autor. Palavras-chave:redes sociais, sociedade em rede.Abstract The article aims to supply conceptual elements of the critical social theory in order to allow (i) a critical apreciation of the term “network” indiscriminate dissemination and (ii) its re- appropriation to characterize social and territorial transformations that are reshaping contemporary societies. Interrogating, in this sense, the ideas more recently published by Castells related to the network-society, pointing out incoherences in that author's approach. Keywords: social nets, network society.
A Territorialidade Seringueira - Geografia e Movimento Social
Authors: Porto Gonçalves Carlos Walter
Published: October 2018

Resumo O artigo parte do pressuposto que na expressão “luta de classes” o termo forte é “luta” e não “classes”, acompanhando o historiador inglês E. Thompson e o sociólogo francês P. Bourdieu. Assim, é a luta que cria o movimento social entre os seringueiros, evidenciando- se que são as lutas, e não o contrário, que dão origem às classes. O movimento social é visto, assim, rigorosamente como “mudança de lugar” (social). O movimento dos seringueiros significa a passagem da ação territorial à identidade que ela inventa, validando a teoria da ação de que é através das lutas que o implícito cresce e ganha a dimensão concreta do explícito. Palavras-chave: teoria da ação, luta territorial, identidade.Abstract This article has the pressuposition that in the expression “class struggles” the main term is “struggle” and don’t “classes”, likewise the english historian E. Thompson and the french sociologist P.Bourdieu. So, the struggle create the social mouvement among rubber- tappers, EVIDENCIANDO that the struggles originate classes, not the opposite. The social mouvement is seen exactly as “change of (social) place”. The rubber-tappers mouvement means the way from the territorial action to the identity it INVENTA, validating the action theory in which is by the struggles that implicit grows and receives the concret dimension of the explicit. Keywords: action theory, territorial struggle, identity.
A Aparência, o Ser e a Forma - Geografia e Método
Authors: Corrêa da Silva Armando
Published: October 2018

Resumo Este texto analisa o método geográfico, suas mudanças e novos conceitos em uma época de transformações tecnológicas globais e de novos padrões de orga-nização espacial. Palavras-chave: abstração, revolução tecnológica, método geográfico.Abstract This text analyses the geographycal method, its changes and new concepts in times of global technological transformations and new space organization patterns. Keywords: abstraction, technological revolution, geographycal method
A Cidade na Pós-Modernidade: entre a Ficção e a Realidade
Authors: Limonad Ester
Published: October 2018

Resumo Este artigo é fruto da reflexão sobre o documentário Powaqqatsi, ao qual somamos um con-junto relativamente atual de filmes de ficção científica, que tomam a cidade em função do desenvolvi-mento tecnológico. Não analisamos a mensagem destes filmes, mas tomamos emprestadas suas imagens para ilustrar este ensaio. Este artigo serve-me para levantar experimentalmente, sem maiores pretensões, alguns pontos que permitam interrelacionar os conceitos “quadro de vida”, “condição de existência” e “modo de vida”, necessários para a compreensão de alguns aspectos da diversidade e complexidade da totalidade no urbano hoje. Palavras-chave: Cidade, pós-modernidade, modo de vida.Abstract This article results from the reflection about the documentary “Powaqqatsi”, to which we have added an ensemble of science fiction movies regarding the city from the technologic development standpoint. We do not analyze these movies messagge, but borrow their images to illustrate this essay. This article is a way for me to discuss in a experimental manner, without other intentions, some issues which may allow me to interrelation the concepts “living framework”, “condition of existence “ and “way of life - needful and basic for understand some aspects of the diversity and complexity of the tota-lity in the urban today. Keywords: City, postmodernity, use of life.
Memórias de Viajantes: Paisagens e Lugares de Um Mundo Novo
Authors: Holzer Werther
Published: October 2018

Resumo O texto enfoca paisagem e lugar como receptores de memória, de como a memória contri-bui na constituição de categorias espaciais. A partir dos relatos de viagem de Jean de Lery e de Hans Staden, eu procuro mostrar a contribuição que a geografia humanista pode oferecer ao estudo dos lugares de memória, definidos como categorias espaciais referentes à memória. Palavras-chave: Memória, lugar, paisagem.Abstract The text focuses landscape and place as receivers of memory, as the memory contribute in the constitution of space categories. Starting from the reports of trip of Jean of Lery and Hans Staden, I try to show the contribution that the humanist geography can offer for the study from the places of memory, defined as space categories linked to the study of the memory. Keywords: Memory, place, landscape.