bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Socijalne usluge za migrante – slučaj Srbije
Authors: Čekerevac Ana , Perišić Natalija , Tanasijević Jelena
Published: July 2018

U radu se analiziraju globalni migracijski trendovi te kako se oni odražavaju na socijalne usluge u Srbiji. Ta je država već neko vrijeme tranzitno mjesto za migrante s Bliskog istoka i iz sjeverne Afrike (MENA) na putu za Europsku uniju. S obzirom na njihov kratkotrajni boravak u Srbiji, tako su organizirane i socijalne usluge. I javni i civilni sektor aktivno se uključio u pružanje podrške na državnoj i lokalnoj razini. Javni se sektor bavi registracijom, smještajem i premještajem migranata te pružanjem socijalne podrške, posebice žrtvama nasilja
i maloljetnicima, a isplaćuje i novčanu socijalnu pomoć migrantima koji
za to ispunjavaju uvjete. Civilni sektor pruža hitnu i humanitarnu pomoć, liječničku pomoć, pravnu podršku i zastupanje, psihosocijalnu podršku, usluge zaštite djece te edukacijsku podršku, jačajući time kapacitete sustava socijalne skrbi. Uz mnoge pozitivne značajke, socijalne usluge u ta dva sektora također se bore s izazovima na mikro razini. Ti su izazovi prepoznati u okviru sadašnjih i očekivanih nedostataka socijalnih usluga za migrante te se izdvaja potreba za
većim smještajnim kapacitetima, većim brojem profesionalnog osoblja na terenu, većom podrškom kada je riječ o integraciji djece u obrazovni sustav i slično. Suradnja između dvaju sektora izazov je na mezo razini, iako je, općenito uzevši, suradnja razmjerno dobra. Ipak, nacionalna politika podrške i financijske mjere mogle bi je dodatno ojačati. Konačno, na makro razini izazov predstavlja slabljenje sustava socijalne države i njegove temeljne promjene s obzirom na to da je riječ o širem okviru unutar kojega socijalne usluge djeluju.
PENGARUH SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING TERHADAP EKUITAS MEREK
Authors: Ratana Meta
Published: July 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan seberapa besar pengaruh social media marketing program “Kulineria” di Instagram terhadap ekuitas merek Tehbotol Sosro berdasarkan teori ekologi media. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan jenis asosiatif kausal, di mana penelitian meneliti pengaruh dari variabel bebas terhadap variabel terikat. Sampel penelitian diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis data yang dilakukan menunjukkan hasil dari kuesioner yang disebar valid, reliabel, dan lolos uji asumsi klasik. Sehingga simpulan dari penelitian ini, terdapat hubungan yang kuat dan positif pada uji korelasi dengan nilai sebesar 0.664. Koefisien determinasi yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh social media marketing program “Kulineria” di Instagram terhadap ekuitas merek Tehbotol Sosro sebesar 44% dengan persamaan regresi Y = 22.65 + 0.549 X. Pengaruh tersebut dapat dijelaskan oleh asumsi kedua dari teori ekologi media yang menyatakan bahwa media memperbaiki persepsi dan mengelola pengalaman. Penelitian ini juga membuktikan asumsi pertama dan ketiga dari teori ekologi media berdasarkan gambaran umum responden. Saran dari penelitian ini adalah perusahaan perlu merancang social media marketing yang dapat meningkatkan engagement antara konsumen dengan perusahaan sehingga dapat memberikan dampak yang lebih signifikan terhadap ekuitas merek.
A LOOK TO THE DYNAMICS OF NOBLE NATION REVIVAL AND RESISTANCE AGAINST MULTINATIONAL CHALLENGE
Authors: Bulut Mehmet
Published: July 2018

The people and states living in the territory of Turkey, where Anatolia, located geographically at the intersection of civilizations, has an inheritance of a thousand years as a continuation of the Seljuk and Ottoman Empires, experiences several internal and external threats and attacks. According to the level of danger until present times, gathering together the nation with its young and old, men and women eliminated the threats and attacks on national unity. This happened in Çanakkale in 1915. What happened on July 15, 2016 is no different. The main difference is that, the enemies in front of the Dardanelles attacked openly and from the outside a hundred years ago. On July 15, 2016, the attackers were traitors in the interior of the inner forces hidden in the state in collaboration with the support of multinational powers from outside. This paper aims to reveal the certain major dynamics of the epic written by the “Noble Nation” in July 15, integration behind his leader in a very short period of time, recognizing the threat of him and the national unity and integrity of Great Turkey based on historical heritage.
HUMANISTIC POSSIBILITY OF OPPOSING TO COUP: CONSTRUCTING SOCIAL BODY AND MAKING FRIEND WITH IT
Authors: Kala Muhammed Enes
Published: July 2018

Dostluk, kişinin diğerini iradi, bilinçli ve çıkarsız sevmesi ve onun tarafından sevilmesini taşıyan bir anlamdır. Dostluk yoluyla yaşama daha sıkıca tutunabilen insan diğer kişilerle ortak sevinç ve üzüntülerde buluşabilir. İradi, bilinçli, çıkarsız ve meşakkatli bir sevme-sevilme ilişkisine vurgu yapan dostluk, sadece bireyler arasındaki ilişkiyi anlamlandırmaz. Kişinin sevgiyle yöneldiği her şeyle dostluk ilişkisine girebileceği de söylenmiştir. İnsanların, ortak ufukta, hikmet ve adalet ekseninde bir araya gelerek inşa ettikleri organik bütüne sosyal bünye denebilir. Böylesi bir bünyeyle de dostluk ilişkisi -belki de en ideal anlamda- kurulabilir. İnsanın fazilet merkezinde, ortak iyiyi artırmak gayesiyle oluşturduğu sosyal bünyeyle kurduğu dostluk, ona zarar verici içeriden ve dışarıdan tüm müdahaleleri olumsuzlama yetkinliğine sahip olabilir. Meşru halk iradesinin gaspı olarak anlaşılan darbelere kafa tutmanın bu anlamda en insani ve geçerli yolu, böylesi bir sosyal bünyeyi inşa etmek ve ona dost olabilmekten geçmektedir.
SINGLE MARKET AND TRADE POLICY: THE TWO MAIN ASSETS OF THE EU AND THE PRICE THAT THE UNITED KINGDOM SHOULD PAY FOR GIVING THEM UP
Authors: SANTAGOSTİNO Angelo
Published: July 2018

The European Single market and the trade policy represent the two main assets of the EU integration process. They are strictly interlinked. We cannot have one of them without the other. More generally without them the EU would not exist. The euro has a meaning and a function because of these two assets. Single market and trade policy are two powerful engines for growth. During the crisis, they have mitigated the effects of the recession. Now that growth (although moderate) is back, they can play a decisive role for job creation and higher levels of employment.The United Kingdom will have to pay a high price for leaving these two assets.
POLAND AND TURKEY AS THE SUCCESSFUL CATCHING-UP COUNTRIES AND THEIR BILATERAL TRADE IN 2000–2015
Authors: MUCHA-LESZKO Bogumiła , BİAŁOWĄS Tomasz
Published: July 2018

Makalenin konusu, Polonya ve Türkiye’nin karşılıklı ikili ticaretlerini de kapsayacak şekilde GSYİH büyümesinin ve istikrarının 2000-2015 yılları arasındaki karşılaştırmalı bir makroekonomik analizidir. Yazarlar, Polonya ve Türkiye’nin ekonomik performanslarını AB-28 makroekonomik göstergelerini, özellikle de Almanya ve İspanya gibi iki referans ülkeyi dikkate alarak yakalama sürecine odaklanmakta ve değerlendirmektedirler. Analiz sonuçları, ekonomik literatürde iyi bilinen, bölgesel ekonomik entegrasyonun daha gelişmiş ülkelerle yakınsama sürecinin hızlandırılmasını sağladığını teyit etmektedir. Polonya ve Türkiye yakalama konusunda başarılı olmuş ülkelerdir. Ekonomik başarılarının kaynağının sistemik reformlara ve AB ile entegrasyona (Polonya’nın üyeliği ve Türk gümrük anlaşması) bağlı olduğu varsayımı doğrulandı. Analizin bu bölümünün önemli bir sonucu, gerek Polonya gerekse Türkiye’nin ekonomik büyümesinin sürdürülmesinde 2008-2015 döneminde iç talebin önemli rol oynadığına işaret ediyor.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF CASH WAQFS AT OTTOMAN MACEDONIA UNDER THE LIGHT OF WAQFIYYAS (1506-1912)
Authors: Altay Bora , Bulut Mehmet
Published: July 2018

The aim of this study is to carry out a socio-economic analysis of cash waqfs by using the registers of waqfs (establishment contracts of cash waqfs), which were active in Macedonia during the Ottoman period. 83 cash waqfs were established between 1506 and 1912. In line with the data obtained from registers of waqfs, the demographical characteristics of the founders and their capital amounts, rates of profit shares and returns have been analyzed in relation to the wages. As a result of these analyzes, it has been found out that the returns obtained from cash waqfs were transferred to the investment and expenditure on a large scale and excess money was given as wages. It has been discovered that only half of the wages were allocated to the members of the family as wages and that cash waqfs operated in accordance with the purpose of their establishment.
AN EVALUATION ON MONEY OPERATIONS METHODS OF CASH WAQFS
Authors: KUDAT Aydın
Published: July 2018

Real estate waqfs which operated insitutions such as madrasahs, souphouses, hans, mosques, and hospitals had been active in the fields of education, religion and charity. These waqfs which tried to meet institutional needs of the society generally consisted of real estates. In close connection with these waqfs, there were their sections, which contributed to the emergence of cash (nukud) waqfs to meet educational, religious, social and economical needs of the society and to ensure the maintenance of waqfs by providing their supplies. The waqfs other than real estate waqfs were generally established to serve the second aim. The cash waqfs which had many different functions constituted the majority of these waqfs which provided indirect services. These waqfs had been more active in meeting minimum needs of the society in accordance with its social situation and in producing goods and services for this purpose. The waqfs were the part of charity works within Islamic civilization and helped to fulfill financial requirements of Islam. They had a unique composition and a unique method of operation. Nevertheless, a rich theoretical and practical corpus was created around this organization, beginning from the codification period of the fiqh. Waqfs were non-profit instiutions; they were not supposed to create any financial gain for their founders. They would work only to meet the needs of the society. Especially, with the widespread use of cash waqfs, waqfs had an important place in economic life to realize this aim. Within this rich cultural heritage, it is possible to find money operation methods in cash waqfs similar to those in other financial institutions. In this article, money operating methods of cash waqfs will be studied.
PLACE OF CASH WAQFS IN THE BALKAN HERITAGE OF THE OTTOMAN STATE: PRIZREN EXAMPLE
Authors: DEMİR Ahmet
Published: July 2018

Osmanlı Devleti XIV. yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren Balkanlarda fetihler yapmaya başlamıştır. Fetihlerin akabinde takip ettiği iskân politikasıyla birlikte stratejiler geliştirmiştir. Bu çerçevede devlet, fetih sonrasında burasının içerisinde bulunduğu sosyal, ekonomik ve kültürel şartları kendi idarî yapısına uygun hale getirebilmek için pragmatik bir politika takip etmiştir. Balkanlarda tesis ettiği yapıyı güçlendirmek için birçok enstrüman kullanmıştır. Vakıf müessesesi de bunların en önemlilerinden birisi olmuştur. Bu çalışmada Osmanlı Devleti’nin önem verdiği bölgelerden Kosova’nın önemli bir şehri olan Prizren seçilmiştir. Uzun bir dönem boyunca Rumeli Beylerbeyliği’nin merkezi olan şehrin Osmanlı Devleti’nin Orta Avrupa’ya açılma düşüncesinde önemli bir rol oynadığı düşünülürse yapılan seçimin ne denli haklı olduğu anlaşılacaktır. Şehrin gelişmesini sürekli destekleyen Osmanlı devlet adamları ve vakıf kuran hayırseverler, kurdukları vakıflarla Prizren’de sağlam bir yapı oluşturmaya çalışmışlardır. Bu vakıflar arasında para vakıfları da önemli bir yere sahip olup, bölgenin imar ve ihyasına, hayrın ve hayratın sürekliliğine katkı sağlamıştır. Bu çalışmada Vakıflar Genel Müdürlüğü’nün Kültür Tescil Dairesi Başkanlığı Arşivi’nde bulunan Prizren’e ait para vakıfları ele alınmış, genel bir değerlendirmeye tabi tutulmuştur.
Mortality in Coronary Care Unit of a Tertiary Level Hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Alam Md Zahid , Hoque Shabnam Jahan , Islam Md Jubaidul , Hossain Mohammad Shakhawat , Rahman Aparna , Mohibullah AKM
Published: July 2018

Background and objectives: Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death worldwide and Coronary Care Unit (CCU) plays a central role in reducing this mortality. Currently the data on mortality in CCU is very limited in our country. Our purpose of this study to provide data on mortality so that we can focus and improve the factors determining deaths in CCU. Methodology: The data of all death cases admitted in the CCU of a tertiary level hospital between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2017 were included for assessing the data on demography, diagnosis, and comorbidities at the time of death.Results: Among 802 cases admitted in CCU in two years, 40 patients died (5%). Male was 55% and female was 45%. Most of the death occurred in their 6th decade of life, due to Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) and sepsis, within 24-hour of CCU admission.Common associated co-morbidities were DM (75%), hypertension (42.5%), CKD (27.5%), and hypokalemia (12.5%).Conclusions: The death rate is much lower in our CCU in comparison to global rate. The common cause of death is still NSTEMI. The common co-morbidities we found are DM, hypertension and CKD. Most of the deathsoccurred within 24-hour of admission.Bangladesh Heart Journal 2018; 33(1) : 28-31
Angiographic Analysis of Trans-Radial Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Cases by the Backup Support of Guide Extension Catheter
Authors: Nasrin Sahela , Cader Fathima Aaysha , Haq M Maksumul , Ali M Liaquat
Published: July 2018

Background:The guide extension catheter – Guidezilla (Boston Scientific, United States of America) is a useful adjunctive tool in percutaneous revascularization of complex coronary lesions, and provides an extension to the guide catheter with better coaxial alignment, support and stability.Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the usefulness and easy deliverability of stent by Guidezillain the trans-radial treatment of complex coronary lesions as our initial experience.Methods:This prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Cardiology, Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital & Research Institute (ICHRI), Dhaka from July 2016 to September 2017. The transradial approach was used in all cases. Clinical, angiographic and procedural data of percutaneous coronary interventions performed using Guidezilla, including indications for use of Guidezilla were collected and analyzed.Results:A total of 19 procedures (in 18 patients) were evaluated. 57.89% of cases were related to left circumflex coronary artery or obtuse marginal branch. The commonest challenge for use of Guidezillawas proximal angulation (63.15%) and calcification (47.4%). Commonest type of lesion was ACC/ AHA Type C lesion (63.2%). Successful stent deployment was achieved in 16 of the 19 procedures (84.2%). Among the unsuccessful cases, there was stent damage in one case and distal dissection after deployment of a stent in other. Stent deployment was not possible in two cases, due to diffuse lesion and heavy calcification.Conclusions:Guide extension catheter is a good trans-radial back-up support for calcified, complex and tortuous coronary anatomy, which otherwise may have been considered unsuitable for PCI. The use of such support can reduce the necessity for the more expensive alternative of deploying multiple small stents in order to traverse the lesions.Bangladesh Heart Journal 2018; 33(1) : 54-60
Outcomes of An Early Intervention Programme on Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Zaman Tanzida , Das Dhananjoy , Chowdhury Mahmood A
Published: July 2018

Background: Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is becoming global problem as it is being diagnosed very frequently amongst the non communicable diseases. Lack of socialization, communication skill and behavioural abnormality are the main problem belongs to the disease. Cornerstone of the management is based on early intervention program directed to improve the communication and socialization skill. In Bangladesh different early intervention strategies are implicated adopting from evidence based practices in the developed countries. To determine the effect of early intervention program on the improvement of socialization and communication skills of children with ASD who attended an early intervention programme at the Institute of Autism and Child Development, Chattagram Maa Shishu -O-General Hospital.Methods: This is a quasi experimental study carried out at Institute of Autism and Child Development, Chattagram Maa Shishu-O-General Hospital from January 2015 to December 2015. Children with ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder) aged 1-5 years enrolled as study subjects which is fifty in number. Screening of ASD was carried out by psychological tools like M—Chat (1-3yrs) & ASD assessment scale (> 3yrs). Diagnosis was confirmed by ADOS-G (Autism Diagnosis Observation Schedule- Generic). Internvention was provided on a 1:1 basis which was adopted from various evidence based practices including the ‘More Than Words’. Intervention were given for three subsequent session in one month interval. Level of communications were measured after intervention and compared with pre intevvention level.Results: Significant improvements has been observed in overall level of communication and activities of daily living which included eye contact, attention, joint attention, turn taking, toilet training.Conclusion: A well planned early intervention programme for children with ASD can speed up the social communication development in such a way that gives rise to a hope of mainstreaming these children in future.Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.16 (2); July 2017; Page 9-13
Demographic Factors of Suicide in Chittagong
Authors: Barua Kazal Kanti , Uddin M Jalal , Mutsuddy Sumon , Khan AYM Masud Reza , Barua Ashim
Published: July 2018

Background: Suicide is a devastating problem. It is to some extent preventable if we are aware of its factors. These factors vary according to community, cast and creed. Many studies were conducted at many places of the world but there is none in Chittagong. To know the high risk factors of suicide in Chittagong we have conducted the study.Methods : It was a descriptive study. Secondary data were used. All suicidal reports of Chittagong mortuary in 2012 were studied. Collected data were managed manually. Results were contrasted with recent studies of home & abroad.Results: Total 165 reports were studied. Majority of the victims 128(78%) were of 15-45 years age group. Male female ratio was 49: 51. Married victims were 109(66%). Muslims 125(76%). Majority of the victims 104(63%) were poorly literate (<SSC). Commonest profession of the victims was ‘housewife’57(35%). Next professional group was lower subordinate staffs 49(30%). Commonest method of suicide was Hanging 83(50%). Family feud was the commonest cause of suicide and it was 72(44%).Conclusion: Commonest demographic factor of suicide in Chittagong is ‘Family Feud’ It is mostly manageable and thus we can prevent suicide occurrence significantly. So, everybody should come forward to remove causes of family feud and others for a noble humanitarian cause.Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.16 (2); July 2017; Page 14-13
Reconstruction of Pilonidal Sinus by Rhomboid Flap : Our Experience
Authors: Hoque Md Saiful , Chowdhury Tahmina Akther , Siddique Saifuddin Ahmed , Islam Md Saiful
Published: July 2018

Background: Pilonidal sinus is a common disease of young adult usually caused by insertion of fallen hair into skin (Gluteal cleft). Wide excision surgery is a common practice but due to high recurrence and long duration of healing there are more simple alternatives. Our experience with transposition of Rhomboid flap in the treatment of pilonidal sinus are described. The conventional way of treatment of pilonidal sinus is block excision and lay open of the sinus result in 5-14 days hospital stay healing time of 6-10 weeks. In our study all patients hospital stay was 2-3 days, healing time was less than two weeks with minimum complication. The aim of the study is to do rhomboid flap for the treatment of pilonidal sinus, so to avoid complications and recurrence, to shorten hospital stay and to give better outcome.Methods: Total 6 patients of 18-40 years of age after doing all investigations and clinical examinations, excision of pilonidal sinus was done and repaired by rhomboid transposition flap in the same setting. All the patients were followed up post operatively for 3 months to see any discharging sinus.Results: All 6 patients were discharged on 3rd post operative day and stitches were removed on 8th post operative day and approximate time to resume their work is 14 days.Conclusion: Pilonidal sinus surgery is a challenging operation for the surgeon because of recurrence and complication. Rhomboid flap technique has become familial because of its advantage of early healing, less hospital stay and very low recurrence rate.Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.16 (2); July 2017; Page 17-19
Validity of Immunochromatographic Test for Antibody in Diagnosis of Typhoid Fever in Children Admitted in A Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Choudhury Zabeen , Karim Mohammed Rezaul , Samad Rasheda , Islam Shanjana
Published: July 2018

Background: To determine the Validity of Immunochromatographic Test (ICT) in diagnosis of typhoid fever in children admitted in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out the in Pediatric & Medicine wards of Chittagong Medical College Hospital (CMCH), Chittagong during the period July 2012 to June 2013. A total number of 150 clinically suspected cases of typhoid fever (Age >6 months to18 years) were enrolled in this study. After taking informed written consent, detailed history & clinical examination were completed. A blood culture sample was taken on the day of admission before starting antibiotic. On the 5th day onwards of appearance of fever, blood sample was taken to perform ICT. Patients received standard medical treatment of the admitting wards.Results: Blood C/S for Salmonella typhi was found positive in 16(10.7%) cases. Positive ICT for typhoid fever was found in 37(24.7%) cases. Among then, IgM was 18(12.0%) IgM+IgG were 8(5.3%) and IgG was 11(7.3%). ICT found true positive in 14, false positive in 23, false negative in 2 and true negative in 111 cases, where blood culture considered as gold standard. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05) between two groups. Immunochromatographic Test (ICT) showed sensitivity 87.5%, specificity 82.8%, accuracy 83.3%, positive predictive value 37.8% and negative predictive value 98.2% for identification of typhoid fever.Conclusion: The present study has shown high sensitivity & specificity of ICT, it can be used as a useful & prospectful diagnostic tool.Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.16 (2); July 2017; Page 20-24
Conversion in Turkish: An overview
Authors: Bağrıaçık Metin
Published: July 2018

This paper presents an overview of possible cases of conversion in Turkish. I argue that apparent cases of conversion between nouns and adjectives are cases of syntactic transposition, and apparent cases of conversion between nouns/adjectives and verbs are end products of phonological changes in the history of the language, which resulted in pairs of lexemes that are formally identical synchronically, but not historically. This does not mean that no cases of morphological conversion can be traced in the language. I will present two cases of secondary word-class conversion from derived, inflected and uninflected words to toponyms which might be taken as instances of morphological conversion or derivation by zero-affixation.
A conversion analysis of so-called coercion from relational to qualitative adjectives in English
Authors: Nagano Akiko
Published: July 2018

It is widely observed that relational adjectives (RAdjs) in English can be coerced into qualitative adjectives (QAdjs) rather freely ( Farsi 1968 ; Beard 1991 ; Bauer et al. 2013 ; Nikolaeva & Spencer 2013 ; Lieber 2015 ). However, the process of coercion and its output properties have not been studied extensively. This paper presents a conversion analysis of the process and discusses how it is effected in the grammar and how converted QAdjs differ from non-converted suffixal ones, such as similatives. The analysis considers the working of the truthfulness operator within a class name NP. Clearly demarcating different adjective classes, the findings of this paper contribute to research on both conversion and RAdj.
Friending someone into submission: Verbal cues for understanding
Authors: Schönefeld Doris
Published: July 2018

This paper takes a usage-based, Construction Grammar perspective to consider how people interpret linguistic utterances containing novel converted denominal verbs in the pattern NP + V + NP + PP. As a novel expression, such verbs are not (yet) conventional signs, and their meanings must be constructed from prompts in the usage event. Candidates of these are i) their base nouns, ii) the context, that is, the surrounding words and phrases and the situation, and iii) the syntactic arrangement of the material used. A quantitative analysis of usage data suggests that these constructions are part of a speaker's linguistic knowledge and can, hence, be taken as available for the identification of the general scene the novel verb will name. The data also reveal strong associations between verbs and prepositions.
A Self-Adaptive Evolutionary Algorithm for the Berth Scheduling Problem: Towards Efficient Parameter Control
Authors: Dulebenets Maxim A. , Kavoosi Masoud , Abioye Olumide , Pasha Junayed
Published: July 2018

Since ancient times, maritime transportation has played a very important role for the global trade and economy of many countries. The volumes of all major types of cargo, which are transported by vessels, has substantially increased in recent years. Considering a rapid growth of waterborne trade, marine container terminal operators should focus on upgrading the existing terminal infrastructure and improving operations planning. This study aims to assist marine container terminal operators with improving the seaside operations and primarily focuses on the berth scheduling problem. The problem is formulated as a mixed integer linear programming model, minimizing the total weighted vessel turnaround time and the total weighted vessel late departures. A self-adaptive Evolutionary Algorithm is proposed to solve the problem, where the crossover and mutation probabilities are encoded in the chromosomes. Numerical experiments are conducted to evaluate performance of the developed solution algorithm against the alternative Evolutionary Algorithms, which rely on the deterministic parameter control, adaptive parameter control, and parameter tuning strategies, respectively. Results indicate that all the considered solution algorithms demonstrate a relatively low variability in terms of the objective function values at termination from one replication to another and can maintain the adequate population diversity. However, application of the self-adaptive parameter control strategy substantially improves the objective function values at termination without a significant impact on the computational time.
Control of Pneumatic Artificial Muscles Using Local Cyclic Inputs and Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Tomori Hiroki , Hiyoshi Kenta
Published: July 2018

Recently, lightweight and flexible soft actuators have attracted interest from robotics researchers. We focused on pneumatic rubber artificial muscle (PAM) as a high-output soft actuator. The high compliance of PAM allows a robot to adapt flexibly to the environment without many external sensors. Although PAM has these characteristics, it is difficult to control because of the nonlinearity between the input and output and the delay of air response. This limits the accuracy of artificial muscles and complicates motion planning. Therefore, we considered that PAM can be driven by simplified control laws, so that the entire system shows emergent motion guided by metaheuristics. We developed a legged robot with two joints driven by PAMs. Each PAM was controlled with a cyclic signal, and the genetic algorithm was applied to optimize these signals. We tested to check whether the behavior of the PAMs is changed by the genetic algorithm using three simple performance indexes. We found out that although the genetic algorithm adjusted the local cyclic inputs appropriately according to each performance index, the time-varying characteristic of PAMs disturbed the monotonic increment of the evaluation values. We also discovered that by only adjusting the input timing, the leg develops a limitation in robustness.
Interplay between Oxidative Stress and Platelet Activation in Coronary Thrombus of STEMI Patients
Authors: Calvieri Camilla , Tanzilli Gaetano , Bartimoccia Simona , Cangemi Roberto , Arrivi Alessio , Dominici Marcello , Cammisotto Vittoria , Viceconte Nicola , Mangieri Enrico , Frati Giacomo , Violi Francesco
Published: July 2018

Background: Platelet activation and oxidative stress seem to play a key role in coronary thrombus formation and are associated with thrombus burden in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, the interplay between oxidative stress and platelet activation has not been fully elucidated. Materials and Methods: For 32 patients with STEMI undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) and 10 patients with stable angina (SA) and oxidative stress, as assessed by NADPH isoform 2 activity (soluble Nox2-derived peptide, sNox2-dp), levels of oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDLs) and platelet activation markers such as soluble CD40 Ligand (sCD40L) and soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) were measured in the retrieved material (coronary thrombi plus blood waste) of STEMI patients and in intracoronary blood of SA patients, respectively, and in peripheral blood samples of both groups. Results: In aspirated thrombi and blood waste of STEMI patients we found higher serum levels of sNox2-dp, oxLDLs, sCD40L, and sP-selectin, as compared to the intracoronary blood samples of SA patients. Moreover, in thrombi and blood waste of STEMI patients, a direct correlation between markers of oxidative stress and of platelet activation was found. Also, in STEMI patients a progressive increase of oxidative stress and platelet activation markers was observed according to the thrombus score burden. STEMI patients showed higher peripheral blood Nox2 activity and oxLDL levels as compared to SA patients. Conclusion: This study shows a close relationship between oxidative stress and platelet activation in the intracoronary blood waste and aspirated thrombi of STEMI patients, suggesting a role of oxidative stress in promoting thrombus formation and growth.
Evaluation of Near-Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging for Detection of Peanut and Walnut Powders in Whole Wheat Flour
Authors: Zhao Xin , Wang Wei , Ni Xinzhi , Chu Xuan , Li Yu-Feng , Sun Changpo
Published: July 2018

The general utilization of processing equipment in industry has increased the risk of foreign material contamination. For example, peanut and walnut contaminants in whole wheat flour, which typically a healthy food, are a threat to people who are allergic to nuts. The feasibility of utilizing near-infrared hyperspectral imaging to inspect peanut and walnut powder in whole wheat flour was evaluated herein. Hyperspectral images at wavelengths 950–1700 nm were acquired. A standard normal variate combined with the Savitzky–Golay first derivative spectral transformation was adopted for the development of a partial least squares regression (PLSR) model to predict contamination concentrations. A successive projection algorithm (SPA) and uninformative variable elimination (UVE) for feature wavelength selection were compared. Two individual prediction models for peanut or walnut-contaminated flour, and a general multispectral model for both peanut-contaminated flour and walnut-contaminated flour, were developed. The optimal general multispectral model had promising results, with a determination coefficient of prediction (Rp2) of 0.987, and a root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.373%. Visualization maps based on multispectral PLSR models reflected the contamination concentration variations in a spatial manner. The results demonstrated that near-infrared hyperspectral imaging has the potential to inspect peanut and walnut powders in flour for rapid quality control.
Dimensionless Study of Double Lungs on Secretion Clearance of a Pressure-Controlled Mechanical Ventilation System
Authors: Shen Dongkai , Zhang Qian , Wang Yixuan
Published: July 2018

A pressure-controlled mechanical ventilator with an automatic secretion clearance function can improve secretion clearance safely and efficiently. Studies on secretion clearance of pressure-controlled systems can be undertaken via clinical treatment and application. However, these studies are based on a single-lung electric model, neglecting the coupling between two lungs. Furthermore, the research methods are too complex to analyze a multiparameter system. In this paper, to grasp the essence of the human respiratory system, a dimensionless mathematical model of a double-lung mechanical ventilation system with a secretion clearance function was built. An experiment was designed to verify the mathematical model by comparison of dimensionless experimental data and dimensionless simulation data. Finally, the coupling between the two lungs was studied, and an orthogonal experiment was designed to identify the impact of each parameter on the system.
Comparison of Battery Architecture Dependability
Authors: Savard Christophe , Venet Pascal , Niel Éric , Piétrac Laurent , Sari Ali
Published: July 2018

This paper presents various solutions for organizing an accumulator battery. It examines three different architectures: series-parallel, parallel-series and C3C architecture, which spread the cell output current flux to three other cells. Alternatively, to improve a several cell system reliability, it is possible to insert more cells than necessary and soliciting them less. Classical RAMS (Reliability, Availability, Maintainability, Safety) solutions can be deployed by adding redundant cells or by tolerating some cell failures. With more cells than necessary, it is also possible to choose active cells by a selection algorithm and place the others at rest. Each variant is simulated for the three architectures in order to determine the impact on battery-operative dependability, that is to say the duration of how long the battery complies specifications. To justify that the conventional RAMS solutions are not deployed to date, this article examines the influence on operative dependability. If the conventional variants allow to extend the moment before the battery stops to be operational, using an algorithm with a suitable optimization criterion further extend the battery mission time.
Maternal Biomarkers of Acetaminophen Use and Offspring Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Ji Yuelong , Riley Anne W. , Lee Li-Ching , Hong Xiumei , Wang Guoying , Tsai Hui-Ju , Mueller Noel T. , Pearson Colleen , Thermitus Jessica , Panjwani Anita , Ji Hongkai , Bartell Tami R. , Burd Irina , Fallin M. Daniele , Wang Xiaobin
Published: July 2018

Previous studies have suggested a positive association between self-reported maternal acetaminophen use during pregnancy and risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in offspring. We sought to examine the prospective association between maternal plasma biomarkers of acetaminophen intake and ADHD diagnosis in the offspring. This report analyzed 1180 children enrolled at birth and followed prospectively as part of the Boston Birth Cohort, including 188 with ADHD diagnosis based on electronic medical record review. Maternal biomarkers of acetaminophen intake were measured in plasma samples obtained within 1–3 days postpartum. Odds ratios for having ADHD diagnosis or other developmental disorders were estimated using multinomial logistic regression models, adjusting for pertinent covariables. Compared to neurotypical children, we observed significant positive dose-responsive associations with ADHD diagnosis for each maternal acetaminophen biomarker. These dose–responsive associations persisted after adjusting for indication of acetaminophen use and other pertinent covariates; and were specific to ADHD, rather than other neurodevelopmental disorders. In the stratified analyses, differential point estimates of the associations were observed across some strata of covariates. However, these differences were not statistically significant. Maternal acetaminophen biomarkers were specifically associated with increased risk of ADHD diagnosis in offspring. Additional clinical and mechanistic investigations are warranted.
Recent Changes of Floods and Related Impacts in Niger Based on the ANADIA Niger Flood Database
Authors: Fiorillo Edoardo , Crisci Alfonso , Issa Hassimou , Maracchi Giampiero , Morabito Marco , Tarchiani Vieri
Published: July 2018

During the last two decades, the sub-Saharan region has experienced unusual floods that have differentially impacted the region. No official and precise data regarding flood damage and impacts on the population are available, and the magnitude of events are not easily evaluated. Most previous studies have investigated this new threat using data derived from local media sources or world disaster databases. The aim of this study was to provide the scientific community and policy makers with an updated and reliable referenced data source concerning floods in Niger between 1998 and 2015, at national, regional and sub-regional scales. Reliable information regarding floods was derived from the national official flood damage database (ANADIA DB) showing their impact on the country. During the investigated period, considerable numbers regarding flood impacts were found (about 4000 settlements and 1.7 million people were affected by floods). The analysis also indicates a sudden increase in flood impacts since 2010. Regions in the south-west (Tillabery, Dosso and Niamey district) are the most affected; however, this kind of risk involves the whole country, and some particularly vulnerable areas have been identified. A data modeling comprehensive framework based on remotely sensed rainfall (climate hazards group infrared precipitation with stations (CHIRPS)) and vegetation index (moderate resolution imagery spectroradiometer normalized difference vegetation index (MODIS NDVI)) datasets data along with census data were used to investigate which variables are most able to explain the recent and sudden Niger flood vulnerability detected at the departmental scale. Only a few statistically significant flood damage models were found (61 out of 297), due essentially to the non-linearity of the increase in damage time series compared to environmental and climatic trends. The population increase is the most significant variable at national level; however, at regional and sub-regional scales, different patterns provided evidence to identify local triggers for vulnerability.
On the Nanoscale Structure of KxFe2−yCh2 (Ch = S, Se): A Neutron Pair Distribution Function View
Authors: Mangelis Panagiotis , Lei Hechang , McDonnell Marshall T. , Feygenson Mikhail , Petrovic Cedomir , Bozin Emil S. , Lappas Alexandros
Published: July 2018

Comparative exploration of the nanometer-scale atomic structure of KxFe2−yCh2 (Ch = S, Se) was performed using neutron total scattering-based atomic pair distribution function (PDF) analysis of 5 K powder diffraction data in relation to physical properties. Whereas KxFe2−ySe2 is a superconductor with a transition temperature of about 32 K, the isostructural sulphide analogue is not, which instead displays a spin glass semiconducting behavior at low temperatures. The PDF analysis explores phase separated and disordered structural models as candidate descriptors of the low temperature data. For both materials, the nanoscale structure is well described by the iron (Fe)-vacancy-disordered K2Fe5−yCh5 (I4/m) model containing excess Fe. An equally good description of the data is achieved by using a phase separated model comprised of I4/m vacancy-ordered and I4/mmm components. The I4/mmm component appears as a minority phase in the structure of both KxFe2−ySe2 and KxFe2−yS2, and with similar contribution, implying that the phase ratio is not a decisive factor influencing the lack of superconductivity in the latter. Comparison of structural parameters of the Fe-vacancy-disordered model indicates that the replacement of selenium (Se) by sulphur (S) results in an appreciable reduction in the Fe-Ch interatomic distances and anion heights, while simultaneously increasing the irregularity of FeCh4 tetrahedra, suggesting the more significant influence of these factors. Structural features are also compared to the non-intercalated FeSe and FeS parent phases, providing further information for the discussion about the influence of the lattice degrees of freedom on the observed properties in layered iron chalcogenides.
Imaging the Corrosion in Grounding Grid Branch with Inner-Source Electrical Impedance Tomography
Authors: Li Xing , Yang Fan , Ming Julan , Jadoon Ammad , Han Sheng
Published: July 2018

The corrosion diagnosis of grounding grid can locate the corroded branches and provide guidance for the maintenance and repair of the grounding grid. This paper proposed the electrical impedance tomography (EIT) method on the corrosion diagnosis of grounding grid and described how it works. Firstly, the inverse problem model of the electrical impedance tomography on grounding grid is developed. Secondly, in order to weaken the ill-posedness of the inverse problem, a Newton iterative algorithm with Tikhonov regularization is proposed to solve the problem. Then, due to the high resistivity contrast between the soli and steel and the large size of imaging region, this paper presents the method of soil-separation and block-diagnosis to accomplish these problems. Finally, field experiments were carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method and the results show that the location and degree of the corrosion in the grounding grid can be easily judged from the imaging results.
World Decarbonization through Global Electricity Interconnections
Authors: Bompard Ettore , Grosso Daniele , Huang Tao , Profumo Francesco , Lei Xianzhang , Li Duo
Published: July 2018

The challenge of worldwide energy decarbonization is crucial to ensure sustainable development. The achievement of decarbonization encompasses not only a considerable exploitation of renewable energy sources, but also a paradigm shift in final energy uses towards their massive electrification. Electrification based on Global Energy Interconnections (GEI) is one of the possible pathways towards decarbonization in energy systems. In this paper, we critically discuss the idea of decarbonization through global interconnections in an ‘electricity based’ world, contrasting it against the typically desirable attributes for energy in terms of security, efficiency, sustainability, and affordability. We provide a comparative analysis of global interconnection with other internationally proposed visions of future energy scenarios. The analysis shows that the GEI option could be particularly beneficial from an environmental point of view; however, it requests deep and relevant modifications in the energy markets and regulations, in which a common framework based on the cooperation among different countries is needed.
Quantifying Impacts of Forest Recovery on Water Yield in Two Large Watersheds in the Cold Region of Northeast China
Authors: Duan Liangliang , Cai Tijiu
Published: July 2018

In northern China, large-scale reforestations were implemented to restore the ecosystem functions (e.g., hydrology function). However, few studies have been conducted to quantify the relative contributions of forest recovery to water yield in boreal forest region across the globe. In this study, the impacts of forest recovery on the changes in mean annual water yield were assessed in two large forested watersheds in the boreal forest region of northeast China using three different approaches. As commonly considered, the results confirmed that forest recovery was the dominant driver of the reductions in annual water yield in the two watersheds in the past three decades (1987–2016), explaining 64.3% (15.4 mm) and 87.4% (40.7 mm) of variations in annual water yield for Upper Tahe watershed (UTH) and Xinancha watershed (XNC), respectively. By contrast, climate variability played minor role in annual water yield variation, explaining only 35.7% (8.5 mm) and 12.6% (7.2 mm) for UTH and XNC, respectively. The response differences between the two watersheds may mainly be attributed to differences in forest type, topography and climate regimes. This study provided important insight into sustainable forest and water resources management in the region.
Effect of Using Different Kinds and Ratios of Vegetable Oils on Ice Cream Quality Characteristics
Authors: Güven Mehmet , Kalender Murat , Taşpinar Tansu
Published: July 2018

The aim of this study was to develop ice cream products using different types of oils, a sensory ballot to focus on the textural attributes of new ice cream products, evaluate physicochemical properties of these products and physical measurements. Milkfat, hazelnut oil and olive oil were mixed at different concentrations for a total of 12% fat. Control sample contains 12% milk fat while the other formulations contain different proportion of milk fat, hazelnut oil and olive oil as the fat content. The combination of the different proportion of milk fat, hazelnut oil and olive oil are given as % milk fat, % hazelnut oil and % olive oil respectively; 12:0:0, 0:12:0, 0:0:12, 6:6:0, 6:0:6, 0:6:6, 4:4:4. The pH, free acidity, total solid ingredient, b* value and volume increase rate were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Sensory analysis results showed that: samples were 50% hazelnut oil-50% olive oil had the highest color and appearance scores. On the other hand, the highest score in body and texture scores were belongs to the sample of used 50% milk fat-50% hazelnut oil and 50% milk fat-50% olive oil, 50% milk fat-50% olive oil the most preferred ones in total quality criterions.
MicroRNA-106a-5p Inhibited C2C12 Myogenesis via Targeting PIK3R1 and Modulating the PI3K/AKT Signaling
Authors: Li Xiao , Zhu Youbo , Zhang Huifang , Ma Guangjun , Wu Guofang , Xiang Aoqi , Shi Xin’E. , Yang Gong She , Sun Shiduo
Published: July 2018

The microRNA (miR)-17 family is widely expressed in mammalian tissues and play important roles in various physiological and pathological processes. Here, the functions of miR-106a-5p, a member of miR-17 family, were explored during myogenic differentiation in C2C12 cell line. First, miR-106a-5p was found to be relatively lower expressed in two-month skeletal muscle tissues and gradually decreased upon myogenic stimuli. Forced expression of miR-106a-5p significantly reduced the differentiation index, fusion index as well as the expression of myogenic markers (MyoD, MyoG, MyHC, Myomixer, Myomarker). Meanwhile, the levels of phosphorylated AKT were reduced by overexpression of miR-106a-5p, and administration of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), a booster of myogenic differentiation, could recover all the inhibitory effects above of miR-106a-5p. Furthermore, miR-106a-5p was elevated in aged muscles and dexamethasone (DEX)-treated myotubes, and up-regulation of miR-106a-5p significantly reduced the diameters of myotubes accompanied with increased levels of muscular atrophy genes and decreased PI3K/AKT activities. Finally, miR-106a-5p was demonstrated to directly bind to the 3’-UTR of PIK3R1, thus, repress the PI3K/AKT signaling.