bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Struktural Ekosistem dan Tadbir Urus Mahkamah Anak Negeri di Sabah
Authors: Hussin Rosazman , Johnes Johan , Mapjabil Jabil , Stephen Jeannet , F. Michael Jurry Foo @ Jurry Bt.
Published: August 2021

Sistem perundangan tradisional dalam kalangan masyarakat orang asal merupakan sebuah peninggalan unik dari segi sistem kawalan sosial tingkah laku masyarakat serta banyak diamalkan dalam kalangan masyarakat peribumi di seluruh dunia. Mahkamah Anak Negeri di Sabah merupakan institusi kehakiman yang bertanggungjawab dalam menguruskan hal-hal perbicaraan yang berlaku dalam kalangan penduduk orang asal atau yang lebih dikenali sebagai Anak Negeri di negeri ini. Kajian ini dijalankan bertujuan untuk memberi gambaran secara lebih mendalam berkenaan latar belakang ataupun sorotan literatur berkenaan struktural ekosistem dan tadbir urus yang dilaksanakan khususnya di Mahkamah Anak Negeri Sabah. Kajian ini menggunakan kualitatif sebagai metodologi kajian iaitu meruju dan menganalisis sumber-sumber primer dan sekunder dalam menghasilkan dapatan kajian. Antara dapatan kajian yang ditemui adalah penjelasan berkenaan struktural ekosistem Mahkamah Anak Negeri Sabah dan tadbir urus Mahkamah Anak Negeri Sabah pada masa kini. Misalnya, hasil daripada penelitian, didapati bahawa bidang tugas Ketua Kampung adalah agak banyak berbanding bidang tugas yang dipegang oleh perjawatan lain yang terdapat dalam struktur pentadbiran Mahkamah Anak Negeri di Sabah. Oleh itu, penelitian yang lebih menyeluruh dalam struktural ekosistem dan tadbir urus Mahkamah Anak Negeri adalah amat penting untuk memastikan fungsi Mahkamah Anak Negeri Sabah ini dapat dioptimumkan.
Effectiveness of Paired Next Generation Firewalls in Securing Industrial Automation and Control Systems: A Case Study
Authors: Jaggernauth Eddison , Rocke Sean
Published: August 2021

Industrial automation and control systems (IACS) are oftentimes the backbone of businesses and critical infrastructure (CI) around the world. They underpin control of nuclear plants, refineries, manufacturing and distribution systems. Today, organisations are routinely targeted by cyber-attackers. Cyberattacks have been increasing in frequency and sophistication. This is especially true of those attacks directed against high-profile operations such as petrochemical refineries. Attackers invest considerable time and money to study a target and probe inherent weaknesses, which they eventually attempt, and succeed in some cases, to exploit. Historically, industrial networks were kept separate from corporate networks. However, significant efficiency gains and demands for digital interconnectivity have driven a convergence between operational technology (OT) and information technology (IT) systems. The business of cybersecurity has been evolving dramatically, posing significant challenges to management teams, across all industries and business domains. Countries within the Caribbean, such as Trinidad and Tobago (T&T), are by no means an exception given their dependence on the energy sector and supporting IACSs. This paper examines the effectiveness of next generation firewalls (NGFWs) in their defense of Process Control Networks (PCNs) against malware. It focuses on the case of a process plant complex in T&T.
LOS RESIDUOS GENERADOS POR LA INDUSTRIA EXTRACTIVA: VIRTUDES Y DEFICIENCIAS DEL MARCO REGULADOR
Authors: ZAMORA ROSELLÓ MARÍA REMEDIOS
Published: August 2021

La reciente reforma del Real Decreto sobre gestión de los residuos
y rehabilitación del espacio afectado por la minería ha puesto de relieve la
importancia de la perspectiva ambiental en el sector de las actividades extractivas.
A partir de las previsiones comunitarias sobre esta materia, se lleva a cabo
un estudio sobre las fortalezas y debilidades de una regulación que trata de equilibrar
las demandas de la industria y las iniciativas para la protección de los espacios
afectados por estas explotaciones. La controversia que generan las actividades
extractivas, sus consecuencias ambientales, el riesgo de graves accidentes
y las dificultades para la gestión de los residuos suponen un desafío para un
marco normativo que trata de hacer frente a las demandas de recursos minerales
y a la protección ambiental.

Erauzketa-industrien hondakinak kudeatu eta meategietako
jarduerak eragindako tokiak babestu eta birgaitzeari buruzko Errege Dekretua aldatzeko
berriki egin den erreformak agerian jarri du ingurumen-ikuspegiak duen
garrantzia erauzketa-jardueren sektorean. Alor horren gainean Europako Erkidegoak
dituen aurreikuspenak abiapuntu direla, azterketa bati ekin diogu ikusteko
zer indargune eta zer ahulezia dituen, alde batetik industriaren eskakizunak eta
beste aldetik ustiapenek eragindako guneak babesteko ekimenak orekatu nahi
dituen erregulazio batek. Erauzketa-jarduerek sortu ohi dituzten kalapitak, ingurumenean
dituzten ondorioak, istripu larriak izateko arriskua, hondakinak kudeatzeko
dauden zailtasunak, horiek guztiek desafio bat planteatzen diote baliabide
mineralen eskaerari eta ingurumenaren babesari.

The recent reform of the Royal Decree on waste management and
rehabilitation of areas affected by mining has highlighted the importance of the
environmental perspective in extractive activities. From the Community provisions
on this subject, this study analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of a regulation
that tries to balance the demands of the industry and the efforts to protect the
areas affected by these activities. The controversy generated by mining activities,
the environmental consequences, the risk of serious accidents and the difficulties
in the management of waste are a challenge to a regulation that attempts to offer
a solution to the demand of mineral resources and environmental protection.
REFLEXIONES SOBRE EL USO DE PUNTOS CONEXIÓN COMO TÉCNICA DE DELIMITACIÓN DE COMPETENCIAS
Authors: VELASCO RICO CLARA ISABEL
Published: August 2021

Este trabajo analiza la STC 194/2011, de 13 de diciembre, que
aborda la distribución de competencias en materia laboral. En este supuesto, el
Tribunal debe examinar si los efectos extraterritoriales que puedan derivarse de
los actos administrativos dictados por una Comunidad Autónoma en ejercicio de
las potestades ejecutivas que le han sido conferidas son un elemento de justificación
suficiente, para que el Estado pueda establecer en su normativa un sistema
de ejecución centralizado. Asimismo, el Tribunal examina el uso que se ha dado a
los puntos de conexión como elementos que permiten la «territorialización» de actuaciones
ejecutivas, tanto en materia de trabajo y relaciones laborales, como en
otros ámbitos. En el trabajo analizaremos estas cuestiones y estableceremos una
definición de punto conexión. Igualmente, examinaremos quién puede establecer
estos elementos delimitadores de competencias y qué normas pueden contenerlos
en razón de la función que éstos desarrollan.

Lan honek lan-esparruko eskumenen banaketari buruzko abenduaren
13ko Konstituzio Auzitegiaren 194/2011 epaia aztertzen du. Kasu honetan,
Auzitegiak aztertu behar du ea autonomia-erkidego batek esleitu zaizkion eskumen
betearazleak erabiliz emandako administrazio-egintzetatik ondoriozta daitezkeen lurraldez
kanpoko eraginak aski diren Estatuak bere araudian betearazte-sistema zentralizatu
bat ezar dezan justifikatzeko. Era berean, Auzitegiak aztertzen du zer erabilera
eman zaien lotura-puntuei jarduketa betearazleen «lurraldekatzea» ahalbidetzen
duten elementu gisa, bai lan-arloan eta lan-harremanetan, bai beste esparru batzuetan.
Lanean, gai horiek aztertuko ditugu, eta lotura-puntua definituko dugu. Era berean,
eskumenak mugatzeko elementu horiek nork ezar ditzakeen eta elementuok
betetzen duten eginkizunaren arabera zer arautan bil daitezkeen aztertuko dugu.

This work analyzes the Constitutional Court judgment 194/2001
from December 13th which deals with the allocation of powers regarding labour
issues. In this case, the Court has to examine whether the extraterritorial effects that
might derive from the administrative acts issued by the Autonomous Community
exercising its own conferred executive powers are an element for an adequate
justification so as to allow the State to establish in its normative a centralized
system of execution. Likewise, the Court examines the use given to the points of
connection as elements that allow the «territorialisation» of the executive actions,
both regarding work and labour relationships as in other areas. We will analyze
these issues and we will establish a definition of point of connection. We will
examine as well who can establish those delimiting elements of powers and which
norms can contain them in view of the functions they perform.
MIGRACIÓN IRREGULAR Y POLÍTICAS MIGRATORIAS BAJO EL ANÁLISIS DE LA CORTE INTERAMERICANA DE DERECHOS HUMANOS: EL CASO NADEGE DORZEMA Y OTROS
Authors: CASTILLA JUÁREZ KARLOS A.
Published: August 2021

Las personas migrantes en situación irregular suelen encontrarse
en condiciones de alta vulnerabilidad y con pocas opciones reales para acceder
de manera efectiva a la justicia. Ello ha generado que sean pocos los casos en los
cuales los tribunales han conocido de violaciones de derechos humanos cometidas
en contra de éstas. De ahí, la importancia de conocer el alcance y sentido de
la sentencia de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos en el caso Nadege
Dorzema y otros, al ser apenas el segundo caso en 25 años de historia jurisprudencial
contenciosa de ese tribunal en el que se ocupa de dicho tema. Así las cosas,
en este artículo se hace un breve repaso a la jurisprudencia interamericana
relacionada con personas migrantes, para determinar a partir del contenido de la
sentencia del caso Nadege, el estado actual que guarda el análisis de la migración
irregular en el tribunal de derechos humanos de América.

Egoera irregularreko etorkinak zaurgarritasun handiko egoeretan
egoten dira, eta benetako aukera gutxi dute justiziaz eraginkorki baliatzeko. Horren
ondorioz, auzitegietan gutxitan kontuan hartu dira haien aurka egindako giza
eskubideen urraketak. Horregatik, garrantzitsua da jakitea Giza Eskubideetarako
Inter-amerikar Auzitegiak Nadege Dorzema eta beste batzuk kasuan emandako epaiaren
norainokoa eta zer-nolakoa, auzitegi horren auzietako jurisprudentzia-historiaren
25 urteetan gai hori aztertu duen bigarren kasua izan baita. Horiek horrela, artikulu
honetan labur aztertzen da migratzaileekin zerikusia duen inter-amerikar jurisprudentzia,
eta Nadege kasuan emandako epaiaren edukia oinarri hartuta, migrazio
irregularraren azterketa Amerikako giza eskubideen auzitegian gaur egun zer egoeratan
dagoen zehazten da.

Irregular migrant persons usually find themselves in highly vulnerable
conditions and with few real options to effectively gain access to justice. That has
caused almost no cases where courts get to know human rights violations committed
against them. That is why it is so important to know the scope and significance of the
Inter-American Court of Human Rights judgment in case Nadege Dorzeman and
others due to the fact that is only the second case in 25 years of contentious case law
history of that court where it deals with such an issue. That being said, this article
reviews the Inter-American case law related to migrant persons in order to establish
according to the ruling in Nadege the current state regarding the analysis of irregular
migration in the American court of Human Rights.
BOTERE KONSTITUZIOGILEAREN TEORIAREN HASTAPENAK: 1789KO FRANTZIAR IRAULTZA ETA SIEYÈS ABADEAREN PENTSAMENDUA
Authors: COMPAINS SILVA ENEKO
Published: August 2021

En el presente trabajo se analizan las principales ideas que Sieyès
formuló sobre el poder constituyente. En los prolegómenos de la Revolución francesa
de 1789, convencido de que la única salida a la crisis que vivía el Reino era
darle una Constitución, Sieyès formuló la teoría del Poder Constituyente. Siendo
la nación la única titular de la soberanía, serían sus representantes los responsables
de hacer y aprobar la Constitución, no teniendo en ese quehacer limitación
alguna.

Lan honetan Sieyèsek botere konstituziogilearen inguruan idatzitako
ideia nagusien kokapen eta analisia egiten da. 1789ko frantziar iraultzaren
aurrekarietan, Erresumak bizi zuen krisi orokorrari irtenbidea emateko bide bakarra
Konstituzioa zela oharturik, Sieyès abadeak Botere Konstituziogilearen teoria
formulatu zuen. Nazioa izanik subiranotasunaren jabe, bere ordezkariei egokituko
zitzaien Konstituzioa egin eta onartzeko zeregina, zeinean ez zuten inolako mugarik
izango.

This present work is an analysis of Sieyès ideas about constituent
power. In the months leading up to the French revolution of 1789, convinced
that the only solution to the general crisis affecting the Kingdom was drafting a
Constitution, Sieyès formulated the Constituent Power theory. Being nation the
sole owner of the sovereignty, there would be its representatives who made and
approved the Constitution, with no limitation in that task.
A MODERN OVERVIEW ON DIABETES MELLITUS: A CHRONIC ENDOCRINE DISORDER
Authors: Mukhtar Y , Galalain A , Yunusa U
Published: August 2021

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine disorders that affect the body’s ability to make or use insulin. Diabetes mellitus (DM), or simply diabetes, is a group of chronic metabolic diseases in which a person experience high blood sugar, either because the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or because the body cells do not effectively use or respond to the insulin that is produced. This high blood sugar produces the classical symptoms of polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (increased thirst) and polyphagia (increased hunger). Conventionally, diabetes has been divided into three types namely: Type 1 DM or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in which body fails to produce insulin, and presently requires the person to inject insulin or wear an insulin pump. This is also termed as "juvenile diabetes". Type 2 DM or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), results from insulin resistance, a condition in which cells fail to use insulin properly, with or without an absolute insulin deficiency. This type was previously referred to as or "adult-onset diabetes". The third main type is gestational diabetes which occurs when women without a previous history of diabetes develop a high blood glucose level during her pregnancy and may metamorphose to type 2 DM after giving birth. Currently available pharmacotherapy for the treatment of diabetes mellitus includes insulin and oral hypoglycemic agents. Thus, the present review underscores the issues surrounding the symptoms, diagnosis and treatment (especially use of anti-diabetic herbal species) of this killer disease with a view to suppressing its global spread and resurgence.
PROXIMATE AND PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF HEALTHY AND INFECTED MAIZE GRAINS IN ANAMBRA STATE
Authors: Anyaegbu C. E , Oledibe, O.J , Amadi J.E
Published: August 2021

Four samples of stored maize grains were bought from Awka, Awkuzu, Onitsha and Nnewi. Direct and indirect methods of Fawole and Oso, 1998 were used to isolate the fungi responsible for the spoilage of post harvest maize grains after which four genera were isolated namely: Curvularia spp, Fusarium spp, Rhizopus spp and Aspergillus spp. They were identified using Barmette and Haunter, 1987 method of identification. The percentage of occurrence of the fungi from different samples shows that Aspergillus niger occured with a frequency of 31.5%, A. flavus with 31%, Rhizopus spp with 15.25%, Fusarium spp with 14.5% and the least Curvularia spp with 7.5%. AOAC method of 1999 was used to obtain the nutritional values of the maize grains. Good and spoilt maize grains were used in this research. Spoilt maize grains were used after four months of purchase. Anova were used to compare the nutritional values of both good and spoilt maize samples from the different locations. Six nutrients were obtained from both good and spoilt maize grains namely: crude protein, crude fibre, crude fat, moisture content, ash content and carbohydrate. The results differ in their values for both good and spoilt maize grains. The spoilt maize grains have little protein, fibre and fat and more of ash and carbohydrate. Further research was made on the phytochemical contents of maize and seven metabolites were obtained mamely: oxalate, phytate, tannin, phenol, alkaloid, flavonoid and glycoside. In order to reduce post-harvest grain loss of maize, periodical training of farmers on proper storage facilities are necessary
EFFECT OF BAKERS YEAST (SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE) IN THE PRODUCTION OF WINE USING ORANGES, APPLES AND PINEAPPLES
Authors: Anyaegbu C. F , Oledibe O.J. , Amadi J.E.
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Wine is an alcoholic drink made from fermented grapes. The process of wine making involves fermentation of fruits in which case the wine is qualified by the fruit which it is made from such as apple wine, orange wine.Purpose of the Study: This research shows the possibility of producing wine from fruits using bakers’ yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae).Methodology: The fruits used were Apple (Malus domestica), Orange (Citrus sinensis), and Pineapple (Ananas  cosmosus).They were washed and blended. The strained juices were poured into plastic bottles to cool for 15mins before additives and yeast were added. The “must” was then allowed to ferment for four days. After four days, racking was done to remove sediments. Then egg white was added as a clarifying agent, and left to stand fifty days, for it to age and then bottled.Findings: Apple wine was found to be more alcoholic (11.4%) while orange wine had 8.9%. Apple had the highest pH (4.0) while orange had 2.0. The solubility test showed that apple had the highest solubility with 98% while orange had 94%. Apple had the least sugar content with 9.90ml while pineapple had22.0ml. Orange had a specific gravity of 0.99g while apple had0.98g.Recommendation:  It is observed that all the fruits in the market today can give the qualities needed for alcoholic wine in the absence of grape fruit. All these satisfactory qualities of this study show that an acceptable wine from pineapple, apple and orange can be locally produced.
SCREENING OF COMMON BEAN GENOTYPES FOR RESISTANCE AGAINST Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli IN KAKAMEGA COUNTY, KENYA
Authors: Chepkemboi Angeline , Maingi J.M , Nchore S.B.
Published: August 2021

Purpose: To screen nine available bean genotypes for resistance to common bacterial blight disease under green house and field conditions.Methodology: Experiments were conducted in randomized complete block design with three replications in a 9×2×2 factorial factor of 9 bean genotypes, grown in sterile or non-sterile soil and inoculated or non-inoculated (control) during the greenhouse and a 9×2 field screening of 9 bean genotypes, and inoculated or non-inoculated. During growth, data on plant height number of pods per plant, length of pods and size and number ofCBB spots was taken. Yield parameters were also assessed.Findings: The findings from the experiment revealed a significant variation (P<0.05) on the entire traits studied among the nine bean genotypes. Data from the field and greenhouse experiments were in conformity. None of the evaluated genotype was immune to CBB. In the green house, it was observed that disease symptoms were severe in beans planted in non-sterile soil and inoculated with Xap compared to those planted in sterile soil and non-inoculated respectively.Contribution to practice and policy: There was a strong positive correlation between size and number of CBB spots and growth and yield parameters. CAL77 and Cal 156A genotypes exhibited high levels of resistance to CBB which could improve the bean yields resulting to sufficient food supply, improved nutrition, health and improvement of the source of income to the local communities
Decision Tree in Biology
Authors: Shazadi Komal
Published: August 2021

Purpose: Human biology is an essential field in scientific research as it helps in understanding the human body for adequate care. Technology has improved the way scientists do their biological research. One of the critical technologies is artificial intelligence (AI), which is revolutionizing the world. Scientists have applied AI in biological studies, using several methods to gain different types of data. Machine learning is a branch of artificial intelligence that helps computers learn from data and create predictions without being explicitly programmed.

Methodology: One critical methodology in the machine is using the tree-based decision. It is extensively used in biological research, as it helps in classifying complex data into simple and easy to interpret graphs. This paper aims to give a beginner-friendly view of the tree-based model, analyzing its use and advantages over other methods.

Finding: Artificial intelligence has greatly improved the collection, analysis, and prediction of biological and medical information. Machine learning, a subgroup of artificial intelligence, is useful in creating prediction models, which help a wide range of fields, including computational and systems biology. Contribution and future recommendation also discussed in this study.
Ответственность контролирующих лиц за работу искусственного интеллекта или снятия электронного покрова
Authors: Холмирзаев Уткирбек
Published: August 2021

В статье обсуждаются вопросы правового статуса (правосубъектность) искусственного интеллекта и гражданско-правовой ответственности владельца, оператора и разработчика искусственного интеллекта за работу в случае причинения вреда (piercing the electronic veil). Подробно рассмотрены виды ответственности (деликтная, субсидиарная ответственность без установления вины) и случаи их применения в странах ЕС согласно отчету Экспертной группы ЕС. Также, приводится анализ ответственности контролирующих лиц владельца искусственного интеллекта за ее работу. При этом также сделан вывод о том, что ответственность контролирующих лиц владельца-юридического лица искусственного интеллекта будет внутренним – он отвечает перед корпорацией, а корпорация перед потерпевшим, но не исключается и внешняя ответственность – piercing the electronic veil. Кроме того, выяснена преждевременность и нецелесообразность предоставления правосубъектности искусственному интеллекту, хотя некоторые ученые призывают признать правосубъектность с особым набором прав и обязанностей, как было с юридическим лицом в середине 19 века.
Жиноий жавобгарликдан озод қилиш асосларини такомиллаштиришнинг айрим масалалари
Authors: Қурбонов Давлат
Published: August 2021

Мазкур мақолада шахсни жиноий жавобгарликдан озод қилиш тушунчаси, асослари, мамлакатимиз ва хорижий олимларнинг илмий қарашлари ўрганиб чиқилган.
Шунингдек, жиноий жавобгарликдан озод этиш институтини такомиллаштиришга оид айрим ҳуқуқий жиҳатлари таҳлил қилинган.
Олимларнинг жиноят ҳуқуқининг институтларидан бири жиноий жавобгарликдан озод этишга оид билдирилган фикрларини таҳлил этиш асосида тегишли хулосалар қилинган ва таклифлар ишлаб чиқилган.
Повышение эффективности лечения глубоких дефектов мягких тканей
Authors: Храмова Наталья , Хегай Любовь , Махмудов Алишер
Published: August 2021

Оценено влияние созданной тканеинженерной конструкции на основе  полифункциональной биоактивной  пленки с противомикробным свойством «Наноцел» с добавлением фибробластов на течение раневого процесса глубокого дефекта мягких тканей. Материалом для исследование послужили 12 половозрелых крыс -самцов, которым на спинке был сформирован глубокий дефект мягких тканей с резекцией участка мышцы размером 1х1 см. Наблюдение проводилось в течение 1-х, 3-х, 7-х, 14-х и 21-х, 28 суток. В ходе экспериментов оценивались локальный статус, общее состояние, потребление корма и воды, изменение массы тела (каждые 3 дня), особенности поведения, интенсивность и характер двигательной активности, координация движений, реакция на внешние раздражители, частота и глубина дыхательных движений, состояние шерстного и кожного покрова, окраска слизистых оболочек, положение хвоста, количества и вид фекальных масс, регистрировались клинические признаки интоксикации. После декапитации проводилось гистоморфологическое исследование внутренних органов и места сформированного дефекта. Патоморфологические исследования внутренних органов животных проводились по общепринятой методике. Кусочки тканей помещались в 10% формалиновый раствор, заливались в парафиновые блоки. Срезы толщиной 4-5 мкм окрашивали гематоксилин-эозином. Микроскопическое исследование проводили с помощью светового микроскопа МИКМЕД-2 с встроенным фотоаппаратом с увеличением в 40, 100, 200 и 400 раз.  Результаты изученных гематологических и биохимических показателей экспериментальных животных подвергавшихся воздействию предложенной тканеинженерной конструкции в пределах физиологических норм и не отличаются от контрольных значений.  При проведении морфологического исследования глубокого дефекта мягких тканей при применении тканеинженерной конструкции полифункциональной биоактивной пленки с противомикробным свойством «Наноцел» с добавлением фибробластов было определено что она полностью резорбируются в течение 28 дней и не образуют фиброзную капсулу. Основываясь на данных исследования гистологических срезов образцов мягких тканей было показано что тканеинженерная конструкция, создает условия для регенерации тканей, что обеспечивает закрытие дефекта соединительной тканью за счет добавления в состав аллофибробластов. По критериям параметров острой и субхронической  токсичности тканеинженерная конструкция для оптимизации регенерации глубоких дефектов мягких тканей не имеет противопоказаний для клинических испытаний и медицинского применения. Рекомендовано использовать предложенную тканеинженерную конструкцию в качестве регулятора раневого процесса  для лучшего приживления свободных кожных трансплантатов при лечении рубцовых деформаций и дефектов кожи лица различного генеза и  в качестве подготовки операционного поля у планово-оперирующихся больных.
Analysis of the macroeconomic policy of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Authors: Kurpayanidi Konstantin , Abdullaev Alisher , Mukhsinova Shakhrizoda
Published: August 2021

In the article, studying various approaches to the concept of macroeconomic policy, the authors propose to consider macroeconomic policy as a state policy, the main purpose of which is to limit the levels of unemployment and inflation, support macroeconomic indicators, prevent economic crises, and ensure the stable functioning of the economy, taken relatively by the government. The analysis conducted on the example of Uzbekistan showed what measures are being taken by the government to digitalize the economy during the pandemic and what needs to be done for the government. The author analyzes the branches of macroeconomic policy and suggests some measures for optimal solution of problems with macroeconomic policy on the example of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Бўлажак ўқитувчиларни ижтимоий-педагогик фаолиятга тайёрлаш жараёнининг хусусиятлари
Authors: Маматханова Наргиза
Published: August 2021

Ушбу мақолада шахснинг ижтимоийлашуви, ижтимоий-педагогик фаолият тушунчаси, рус ва хориж олимларининг берган таърифлари, шунингдек, бўлажак ўқитувчиларни ижтимоий-педагогик фаолиятга тайёрликлари: касбий нуқтаи назардан назарий, психологик ва амалий тайёрликлари олий педагогик таълим муассасалари фаолияти самарадорлигини белгилашда ўзига хос мезон бўлиб хизмат қилиши борасида фикр юритилган.
Medicinal fraction of the flora of Kabardino-Balkaria: state and research prospects
Authors:   Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov, Shkhagapsoev S.Kh. , Romanova T.A. ,   Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov
Published: August 2021

Based on the use of literature data, archival materials, wide publication and own research, a thorough overview of the use of medicinal plants in Kabardino-Balkaria and the tasks for their further study and use in the context of sustainable development is given.
General and special in the Adyghe khabze vault and functioning problems
Authors:   Institute of humanitarian studies of the Kabardino-Balkar scientific center of the RAS, Gutov A.M. , Gutova L.A. ,   Institute of humanitarian studies of the Kabardino-Balkar scientific center of the RAS
Published: August 2021

In the overwhelming majority of cases, the foundations of these or other etiquette rules are common for different ethno-speaking communities of people. Features are manifested in the field of specific formation forms, in the development of parts, fullness of humanistic content. In this regard, Adyge Habze, it is legitimate to admit not just a videos for domestic use, but by the spiritual and moral code that has universal value.
Financial Performance Analysis of Motilal Oswal Financial Services Ltd (MOFSL)
Authors: Lobo Sonia , Bhat S. Ganesh
Published: August 2021

Purpose: Over the last two decades, globalization and technology advancements in financial markets have resulted in a surge of individual investors, granting them improved access to the financial markets. However, the large range of investment avenues available makes the investors’ decision-making process more complex. To make investors’ lives easier, a stockbroker functions as a liaison between the investor and the stock exchange, allowing them to make more precise investment decisions that are more advantageous for them. Motilal Oswal Financial Services Ltd (MOFSL) is the leading stockbroker firm that offers a wide range of financial services and is the popular choice among Indian investors. To attract new clients and retain the trust of existing customers, the firm needs to maintain a good financial track record. The investment advisor’s financial performance helps to a large measure in determining the firm’s overall financial health. This paper attempts to analyze the financial performance of Motilal Oswal Financial Services Ltd, for the past three fiscal years i.e., 2018-19, 2019-20, and 2020-21.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The technique of ratio analysis has been adopted to assess the financial performance of MOFSL using secondary data. Also, the correlation between profitability and efficiency of MOFSL was examined using Pearson correlation. Moreover, SWOC analysis is performed to gain a better understanding of the company’s strategic position.
Findings/Result: The interpretation of the ratios calculated, given a favorable impression of the financial status of the company and the tested hypothesis of correlation significance has discoursed that there is no significant correlation between profitability and efficiency of MOFSL. Further, the result of the SWOC investigation has offered new insights into the business. It can be concluded from the study that in the FY 2020-21, the company has outperformed in terms of profitability, liquidity, solvency, and efficiency ratios.
Originality/Value: To acknowledge MOFSL’s growing popularity in the financial services industry, research was conducted in which the company’s financial performance was evaluated using four key financial indicators: profitability, liquidity, solvency, and efficiency ratios.
Paper Type: A case study analysis based on empirical data.
A DESIGUALDADE SALARIAL NO SETOR FLORESTAL BRASILEIRO
Authors: Pereira Renata da Costa , Costa Jaqueline Severino , de Oliveira Pedro Rodrigues , de Aquino Juliana Maria
Published: August 2021

O setor florestal brasileiro gerou, em 2018, cerca de 3,8 milhões de empregos diretos e indiretos. Dada a importância do setor para a economia brasileira, objetivou-se analisar a existência de discriminação salarial por gênero e raça/cor no setor no mercado de trabalho, aplicando a metodologia de decomposição de Oaxaca-Blinder. Para a construção das variáveis, utilizaram-se dados secundários extraídos da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD), elaborada pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE, do ano de 2015, e utilizou-se o programa de estatística Stata 14 para fazer as análises. Foram analisados os ramos agrícola e industrial, a fim de observar em qual deles existe maior discriminação salarial entre homens e mulheres, e entre brancos e não brancos. Observou-se que existem evidências de uma possível discriminação de gênero e de cor/raça no setor florestal brasileiro como um todo. No entanto, há evidências de que a diferença no retorno das características produtivas seja bem mais significativa na análise por gênero, principalmente no ramo industrial (169,6%). Na análise por raça/cor, o efeito característica se sobrepôs ao efeito preço na explicação do diferencial total de rendimentos.
O PAPEL DAS COOPERATIVAS AGROPECUÁRIAS: PROCESSO DE CAPACIDADE ABSORTIVA DE PRODUTORES RURAIS ASSOCIADOS
Authors: Aguiar Camila Camargo , Santos Junior Silvio
Published: August 2021

Nosso estudo objetivou compreender como ocorre o processo da capacidade absortiva (CA) em firmas de produtores rurais associadas a cooperativas. Trata-se de um estudo de caso, realizado com seis produtores rurais de uma cooperativa do setor agropecuário do Estado de Santa Catarina. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevistas em profundidade. Para analisar os dados recorreu-se à análise das conteúdo a partir das quatro dimensões da CA, propostas por Zahra e George (2002). Os dados evidenciaram que os produtores rurais buscam conhecimento de forma autônoma e via cooperativa. Quanto a assimilação, os produtores rurais assimilam as informações externas a fim de adaptá-las e aplicá-las em suas propriedades tanto de forma autônoma como com o auxílio da cooperativa. No processo de transformação do conhecimento identificamos que os produtores possuem o hábito de discutir as tendências do mercado com as empresas parceiras da cooperativa, com o departamento técnico e no comitê tecnológico que foi criado para discutir tendências. No que tange a categoria exploração do conhecimento, foi constatado que os entrevistados perseguem o uso da tecnologia, notadamente o uso de softwares e equipamentos. Argumentam que as informações geradas pelos softwares auxiliam na tomada de decisão, pois possibilitam analisar o desempenho da área plantada, otimizando os recursos, com o intuito de minimizar os custos, melhorando a produtividade e aumentando a rentabilidade. Finalmente nosso estudo mostra que o conhecimento absorvido via cooperativa é mais rapidamente assimilado e mais bem explorado, facilitando adoção de inovações.
Alisoun’s Giggle, or the Miller Does Pragmatics
Authors: Amsler Mark
Published: August 2021

This chapter discusses Chaucer’s Miller’s Prologue and Tale as an encounter
with grammatical theory and pragmatics more generally. Analyzing the
tale’s use of interjections, polysemy, and equivocation, we discover how
Chaucer deconstructs the notion of stable, authorial, intentional meaning
and explores narrative dialogism and the pragmatics of identity and
affective power for comic and satiric effect.
How Heretics Talk, According to Bernard Gui and William Thorpe
Authors: Amsler Mark
Published: August 2021

This chapter juxtaposes Bernard Gui’s accounts of heretic speech in
his Inquisitor’s Handbook with William Thorpe’s personal narrative of
his interview with Thomas Arundel, Archbishop of Canterbury. Gui’s
thirteenth-century text is a surprisingly rich source for medieval linguistic
and pragmatic ideas. His accounts of dialogues with suspected heretics
reveal how pragmatic ideas and analysis informed the official Church’s
view of heretics’ uses of equivocation, hedging, and recontextualization
as strategies for evading examiners’ questions and establishing speaker
agency. Thorpe’s early fifteenth-century narrative describes his use of
similar discursive and conversational strategies to evade Arundel’s repeated
calls that he affirm or disavow his heretical views.
Moving Pictures and Renaissance Art History
Authors: Emison Patricia
Published: August 2021

Film, like the printed imagery inaugurated during the Renaissance, spread ideas – not least the idea of the power of visual art – across not only geographical and political divides but also strata of class and gender. Moving Pictures and Renaissance Art History examines the early flourishing of film, from the 1920s to the mid-1960s, as partly reprising the introduction of mass media in the Renaissance, allowing for innovation that reflected an art free of the control of a patron though required to attract a broad public. Rivalry between word and image, between the demands of narrative and those of visual composition, spurred new ways of addressing the compelling nature of the visual. The twentieth century also saw the development of the discipline of art history; transfusions between cinematic practice and art historical postulates are part of the story told here.
Rehabilitation of patients after diabetic foot amputation
Authors: Choi Youngrak
Published: August 2021

Background: Diabetic foot is a diabetes-related complication that often requires amputation due to ulcer, necrosis, infection, and wound healing problems. Amputation decreases ambulation ability and worsens the patient’s general condition. Thus, active gait training is important after amputation.Current Concepts: The level of amputation depends on the anatomical position, for example, toe amputation and transfemoral amputation. The impairment of ambulatory function is also determined by the position of amputation. Continuous rehabilitation exercise is encouraged for ambulation before surgery. Wound management and pain control are needed for early rehabilitation exercise after surgery. The maturation of the amputation stump is especially important and needed for prosthesis wearing. If the general condition of the patient permits, muscle strengthening exercises, joint range of motion exercises, and ambulation exercises should be started as soon as possible.Discussion and Conclusion: Sufficient understanding of functional decline after amputation is required. The clear goal of ambulation should be set in consideration of the patient’s general condition and ability to walk before surgery. The ultimate goal of amputation is not only to remove necrosis, ulcers, and infected tissues but also to restore ambulatory function. Thus, expertise and significant effort before and after surgery are required.
THỜI GIAN SỐNG THÊM KHÔNG BỆNH VÀ CÁC YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN CỦA HÓA TRỊ BỔ TRỢ DOCETAXEL – CYCLOPHOSPHAMID TRÊN UNG THƯ VÚ CAO TUỔI
Authors: Thị Huyền Phùng
Published: August 2021

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá thời gian sống thêm không bệnh (DFS) và các yếu tố liên quan của hóa trị bổ trợ phác đồ Docetaxel kết hợp Cyclophosphamid trên bệnh nhân ung thư vú cao tuổi điều trị tại bệnh viện K. Đối tượng nghiên cứu: 70 bệnh nhân nữ cao tuổi được chẩn đoán là ung thư vú giai đoạn I-IIIA, được phẫu thuật cắt toàn bộ tuyến vú hoặc phẫu thuật bảo tồn kèm vét hạch nách hệ thống điều trị bổ trợ hóa chất phác đồ Docetaxel kết hợp Cyclophosphamid (TC) tại bệnh viện K từ tháng 01/2013- 12/2018. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Mô tả hồi cứu. Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình của các bệnh nhân trong nghiên cứu là 64,74 ± 3,94 tuổi, trong đó  67,1% bệnh nhân có tiền sử bệnh lý tim mạch. Tỷ lệ sống thêm không bệnh tại thời điểm 3 năm, 5 năm lần lượt là 87,7% và 81%. Giai đoạn bệnh và phân nhóm sinh học phân tử có liên quan đến DFS (p<0,05). DFS không có sự khác biệt giữa 2 nhóm có và không có bệnh lý tim mạch (p>0,05). Kết luận: Điều trị bổ trợ phác đồ Docetaxel kết hợp Cyclophosphamid (TC) trên bệnh nhân UTV cao tuổi có tỷ lệ sống thêm không bệnh cao và nên được cân nhắc trong thực hành lâm sàng, đặc biệt trong nhóm bệnh nhân có bệnh lý tim mạch.
ĐÁNH GIÁ KIẾN THỨC VỀ THỜI KỲ HẬU SẢN VÀ CHĂM SÓC HẬU SẢN CỦA BÀ MẸ SINH TẠI KHOA SẢN BỆNH VIỆN VINMEC 2021
Authors: Hoàng Thu Phương Hồ , Tuyết Minh Lưu , Bích Hạnh Nguyễn , Thị Hồng Nguyễn , Thị Thu Thảo Vũ
Published: August 2021

Mục tiêu: Mô tả kiến thức về chăm sóc sức khỏe thời kỳ hậu sản sau sinh nằm tại khoa phụ sản - Bệnh viện Vinmec năm 2020 và một số yếu tố liên quan. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 201 bà mẹ sinh thường tại khoa Phụ Sản Bệnh viện Vinmec năm 2020. Kết quả: Các bà mẹ có độ tuổi trung bình là 29,6 ± 4,0. Có 80,6% số bà mẹ có đạt kiến thức về chăm sóc sức khỏe thời kỳ hậu sản và có 97,1% số bà mẹ đạt kiến thức chăm sóc sức khỏe trẻ sơ sinh. Nghiên cứu tìm thấy mỗi liên quan có ý nghĩa thống kê giữa mức độ hiểu biết và yếu tố nghề nghiệp của các bà mẹ và chưa tìm thấy mỗi liên quan với các yếu tố khác.
THỰC TRẠNG SÂU RĂNG SỮA TRÊN TRẺ 4-6 TUỔI TẠI MỘT SỐ TRƯỜNG MẦM NON Ở HÀ NỘI
Authors: Hà Thu Nguyễn , Thị Mỹ Hạnh Trần , Minh Hằng Lương
Published: August 2021

Nghiên cứu thực trạng sâu răng sữa được tiến hành trên 586 trẻ 4-6 tuổi thuộc trường mầm non Hoa Hồng, trường mầm non mùng 10/10. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, tỷ lệ sâu răng tạo lỗ trong nghiên cứu tương đối cao (60,1 %), tỷ lệ sâu răng ở nữ cao hơn nam (khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê với p < 0,05). Tỷ lệ sâu răng cao nhất nằm ở vị trí các răng hàm hàm dưới (31,8 %) và răng cửa hàm trên (21,1%). Chỉ số sâu mất trám của trẻ tăng dần theo lứa tuổi. Chỉ số sâu mất trám chung của trẻ trong nghiên cứu là 3,79.
MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ ẢNH HƯỞNG ĐẾN KẾT QUẢ TẠO HÌNH KHUYẾT HỔNG PHẦN MỀM NGÓN TAY BẰNG VẠT CUỐNG LIỀN TẠI CHỖ
Authors: Đức Tiến Nguyễn , Bắc Hùng Nguyễn , Văn Duyệt Phạm
Published: August 2021

Đặt vấn đề: Việc xác định các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến kết quả phẫu thuật sẽ góp phần đánh giá được ưu và nhược điểm của tứng loại và đó chính là cơ sở thực tiễn để lựa chọn vạt. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu can thiệp lâm sàng không đối chứng được tiến hành trên 115 bệnh nhân với 130 khuyết hổng phần mềm ngón tay được tạo hình bằng vạt cuống liền tại chỗ tại khoa phẫu thuật tạo hình bệnh viện đa khoa Xanh Pôn và bệnh viện hữ nghị Việt Tiệp Hải Phòng. Kết quả: Trong tổng số 130  vạt cống liền tại chỗ có 95 vạt sử dụng dạng ngẫu nhiên, 35 vạt được sử dụng dạng trục mạch. Tỷ lệ sông hoàn toàn của vạt dạng ngẫu nhiên là 94/95, của vạt dạng truc mạch là 26/35. Theo dõi khả năng phục hồi cảm giác sau mổ 3-6 tháng được 110/130 ngón tay ttrong đó có 30/76 vạt ngẫu nhiên và 2/34 vạt dạng trục mạch phục hồi cảm giác ở mức độ đầy đủ là S4. Kết luận: Các yếu tố nguồn cấp máu tại vạt dạng ngẫu nhiên hay trục mạch và cách thức di chuyển của vạt dạng xuôi dòng hay ngược dòng có mối liên quan chặt chẽ đến mức độ sống và khả năng phục hồi cảm giác tại vạt.
Exploring participatory planning practices for informal street traders in small towns : the case of Ladysmith CBD
Authors:   , Mlotshwa Ntobeko
Published: August 2021

The reality of informal street trading across the African continent has not been fully recognised as a legitimate economic activity through meaningful participatory planning practices in the design and demarcation of trading spaces in CBDs. This has driven challenges of inclusion in development plans, overlooked positive linkages that exist within the formal-informal economies and limited service delivery in terms of decent working conditions for traders through repressive practices that street traders face constantly. The regulatory and governance relationships between street traders and local government practitioners have been difficult and complicated. Although there are progressive practices in the governance of street trading in other developing and less developed countries, local government practitioners continue to restrict trading activities in public spaces. The aim of this research is to explore the extent of participatory planning practices applied to the governance of street traders in the small town of Ladysmith, KwaZulu Natal. The literature review highlights various exclusionary discourses around the exclusion of street traders that are incompatible with the theories of participatory planning. This is exacerbated by the practitioner’s continual struggle with apartheid planning approaches that hold negative narratives which illegalise street trading. The latter results in the imposition of restrictive regulatory bylaws on street trading in the CBD. A qualitative case study approach was used in this study to produce context-dependent knowledge. Direct observations of trading environments and semi-structured interviews were conducted with street traders and municipal practitioners to assist in answering the research question. A qualitative thematic analysis was used in this research to identify themes that address the research question. The results showed that there are inconsistences in the street trading governance system of the municipality and that participation is well articulated in local urban development policies, but that implementation stages exclude traders. This research concluded that the extent of participatory planning in Ladysmith appeared to be restrictive towards street traders in the CBD. Therefore, it is recommended that municipal practitioners establish meaningful and progressive practices that will benefit both the municipality and street traders.
Inculcated Values by Parents to Early Children
Authors: Cholimah Nur , Izzaty Rita Eka , Astuti Budi
Published: August 2021

Value education on early children is one of important priorities to shape children’s strong character and personality. Therefore, this research is aimed at exploring inculcated values by parents to early children. The respondents of this survey research were 45 parents who had children age 4-6. The research was conducted in An-Nuur Early Childhood Education Program, Krapyak, Sleman, Yogyakarta. To collect the data, this research employed open questionnaire. The respondents (parents) were asked to choose values expected and taught to children. On the instrument, there were 10 important values to choose by the respondents. They were: honesty, comity, manners, discipline, independence, respecting others’ right, modesty, social responsibility, empathy, and bravery. Furthermore, the parents were asked to write down unwritten values on the questionnaire. Then, the respondents were asked to rank the values based on the priority of shaping children’s characters. Based on the values ranked by parents, the are 4 categories of values taught to children, starting from the most to the least important. They are: 1) honesty, comity, and anners; 2) harmony, discipline, independence, and respecting others; 3) modesty and social responsibility; and 4) empathy, gratitude, bravery, and patience. The instrument is in the form of open questionnaire which consists of various values frequently transmitted by parents to early children.