bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Online sparse sliced inverse regression for high-dimensional streaming data
Authors: Xu Jianjun , Cui Wenquan , Cheng Haoyang
Published: November 2022

Due to the demand for tackling the problem of streaming data with high-dimensional covarites, we propose an online sparse sliced inverse regression (OSSIR) method for online sufficient dimension reduction (SDR). The existing online SDR methods focus on the case when [Formula: see text] (dimension of covariates) is small. In this paper, we adapt the sparse sliced inverse regression to cope with high-dimensional streaming data where the dimension [Formula: see text] is large. There are two important steps in our method, one is to extend the online principal component analysis to iteratively obtain the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the kernel matrix, the other is to use the truncated gradient to perform online [Formula: see text] regularization. Theoretical properties of the proposed online learner are established. By comparing with several existing methods in simulations and real data applications, we demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our method.
Jump detection in high-frequency financial data using wavelets
Authors: Pinto Mateus Gonzalez de Freitas , Marques Guilherme de Oliveira Lima C. , Chiann Chang
Published: November 2022

The presence of spikes or cusps in high-frequency return series might generate problems in terms of inference and estimation of the parameters in volatility models. For example, the presence of jumps in a time series can influence sample autocorrelations, which can cause misidentification or generate spurious ARCH effects. On the other hand, these jumps might also hide relevant heteroskedastic behavior of the dependence structure of a series, leading to identification issues and a poorer fit to a model. This paper proposes a wavelet-shrinkage method to separate out jumps in high-frequency financial series, fitting a suitable model that accounts for its stylized facts. We also perform simulation studies to assess the effectiveness of the proposed method, in addition to illustrating the effect of the jumps in time series. Lastly, we use the methodology to model real high-frequency time series of stocks traded on the Brazilian Stock Exchange and OTC and a series of cryptocurrencies trades.
Kaluza–Klein cosmological model with strange-quark-matter in Lyra geometry
Authors: Pawar D. D. , Jakore B. L. , Dagwal V. J.
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we have studied Kaluza–Klein Cosmological Model with strange-quark-matter in Lyra Geometry. To determine the solution of the field equation, we have assumed that scalar expansion [Formula: see text] is proportional to shear scalar [Formula: see text] which leads to [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] are metric potentials and [Formula: see text] is arbitrary constant. The cosmological parameters are investigated with the help of equation of state strange-quark-matter (SQM), which is [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is Bag constant. We compared the results of general General relativity (GR) and scalar-tensor theory and also discussed the behaviors of some physical parameters.
Self-aggregation of 32-substituted bacteriochlorophyll-d analogs in aqueous micelle
Authors: Tani Shunsuke , Kanehisa Seiji , Tamiaki Hitoshi
Published: November 2022

As naturally occurring bacteriochlorophyll-[Formula: see text] models, zinc methyl (31R)-bacteriopheophorbides-[Formula: see text] possessing ethyl, vinyl, and ethynyl groups at the 32-position were prepared by chemically modifying chlorophyll-[Formula: see text]. The synthetic molecules self-aggregated in an aqueous Triton X-100 micelle solution similarly as in the major light-harvesting antenna of photosynthetic green bacteria to give supramolecularly ordered large oligomers with red-shifted and broadened visible absorption bands, compared with the monomeric bands. The sequential hydrogenation of the 32-ethynyl to ethyl group via the vinyl group gradually suppressed the chlorosomal self-aggregation ability. The successive elongation of the 31-alkyl chain from a methyl to propyl group via an ethyl group also diminished the [Formula: see text]-aggregation ability. These decreases in the self-aggregation were ascribable to the steric enhancement of the 32-substituents near the 31-hydroxy group requisite for the [Formula: see text]-aggregation.
Synthesis and properties ofmeso-free N-fused [22]pentaphyrins
Authors: Nakai Akito , Tanaka Takayuki , Osuka Atsuhiro
Published: November 2022

Rhodium(I) complexation of meso-free [Formula: see text]-dibromo-N-fused [22]pentaphyrin 3 afforded mononuclear Rh(I) complex 5, whose structure was confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Hydrodebromination of 3 gave meso-free N-fused [22]pentaphyrin 4as the first example of [Formula: see text]-unsubstituted meso-free N-fused pentaphyrin. Chlorination of 4 with Palau’chlor afforded the corresponding mono- and dichloropentaphyrins 9 and 10. Their structural identification and electronic properties were reported.
Ruffle-distorted meso-silylethynyl-substituted naphthoporphyrin showing near-infrared Q band beyond 800 nm
Authors: Sun Yufen , Wu Fan , Gao Hu , Qu Chulin , Wang Kai , Zhao Yue , Shen Zhen
Published: November 2022

Designing stable molecules with near-infrared (NIR) absorption and good light-to-heat conversion performance is important for phototherapy applications. Herein, we report the synthesis of copper-coordinated meso-tetrakis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)-tetranaphthoporphyrin 2-Cu by retro-Diels Alder reaction, which exhibited a Soret band at 534 nm and a NIR Q band at 818 nm. The single-crystal X-ray analysis of 2-Cu revealed a purely ruffle-distorted conformation with an S4 symmetry axis. Theoretical calculations show that 2-Cu has a narrower HOMO-LUMO gap than its meso-phenyl and meso-free analogs due to a decrease in LUMO energy level. The photothermal investigation of 2-Cu under 808 nm laser irradiation demonstrated its outstanding photostability and high photothermal conversion efficiency, indicating its promise as a photothermal therapeutic agent after functionalization.
Cis-difunctionalized 21-telluraporphyrin building blocks and their use in the synthesis of (BODIPY)2-telluraporphyrin triad
Authors: Ali Md Ashif , Sinha Avisikta , Ravikanth Mangalampalli
Published: November 2022

A series of cis-difunctionalized 21-telluraporphyrins containing two functionalized meso-aryl groups such as [Formula: see text]-iodophenyl, [Formula: see text]-bromophenyl, [Formula: see text]-cyanophenyl, [Formula: see text]-nitrophenyl and [Formula: see text]-trimethylsilyl ethynylphenyl groups in cis-fashion were synthesized by condensing one equivalent of 16-telluratripyrrin with two equivalents of functionalized benzaldehyde and three equivalents of pyrrole in CH2Cl2under acid catalyzed porphyrin forming conditions. The cis-difunctionalized 21-telluraporphyrins were thoroughly characterized by HR-MS, 1D and 2D NMR, and absorption spectroscopic techniques. To show the use of cis-difunctionalized 21-telluraporphyrin building blocks, the covalently linked (BODIPY)2-telluraporphyrin triad was synthesized by coupling cis-diiodophenyl 21-telluraporphyrin with meso-ethynylphenyl BODIPY under Pd(0) coupling conditions and afforded (BODIPY)2-telluraporphyrin triad in 24% yield. The NMR and absorption studies of the triad indicated that the telluraporphyrin and BODIPY moieties interact weakly in the (BODIPY)2-telluraporphyrin triad and retain their individual characteristic features. The steady-state fluorescence and DFT studies indicated a possibility of charge transfer between 21-telluraporphyrin and BODIPY units in the triad.
Application of near approximations in Cayley graphs
Authors: Setyawati Dian Winda , Soleha  , Subiono  , Mukhlash Imam , Rinurwati  , Davvaz Bijan
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we study near approximations in Cayley graphs, which are an extended study of rough approximations in Cayley graphs by using more than one equivalence relations. Furthermore, we introduce the notion of a near edge Cayley graphs, expanded to the near vertex pseudo-Cayley graphs and near pseudo-Cayley graphs. Some theorems dealing with the properties discussed are derived. We illustrate some examples especially in cyclic groups for simplification in graphs visualization.
Literate Executables
Authors: Kelly Terence
Published: November 2022

Literate executables
redefine the relationship between compiled binaries and source code to be that of chicken and egg, so it's easy to derive either from the other. This episode of Drill Bits provides a general-purpose literacy tool and showcases the advantages of literacy by retrofitting it onto everyone's favorite command-line utility.
W-Doping of Dense NMC811 Hydroxide through Wet-Impregnation and Its Impact on Crystal Structure, Phase Transition Related Gas Evolution and Electrochemical Performance at Elevated Upper Cut-Off Voltage
Authors: Dalkilic Mert , Schmidt Alexander , Schladt Thomas D. , Axmann Peter , Wohlfahrt-Mehrens Margret , Lindén Mika
Published: November 2022

Doping of Ni-rich LNMC cathode materials with tungsten via solid-state route has been shown to stabilize the materials against structural degradation at high voltages during electrochemical cycling. Here we use a wet-chemical doping method to homogeneously introduce 0.5 mol% tungsten into dense NMC811 (Li[(Ni0.8Mn0.1Co0.1)]O2), followed by a detailed structural and electrochemical characterization. A homogeneous distribution of W in the materials was evidenced by elemental mapping and TOF-SIMS. The increase in bond-dissociation energy to oxygen (BDEO) of the transition metal (TM) site led to compressed slab thickness (TMO6 octahedron width in c-direction), indicating shorter, and thus strengthened, TM–O bonds, as also confirmed by TGA-MS results. Importantly, statistical analysis of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) data revealed a W-induced radial alignment of a–b planes of the primary particles. The cycling stability of the doped material was more than 7% higher for the W-doped (92.4%) as compared to the undoped NMC811 (85.3%) material at a higher upper cut-off voltage of 4.5 V vs Li/Li+. Furthermore, the voltage decay was lower (0.2 V vs 0.29 V), leading to >2% lower energy loss (5.3% vs 7.4%) for the W-doped material.
Low-frequency Inductive Loop and Its Origin in the Impedance Spectrum of a Graphite Anode
Authors: Thapa Arun , Gao Hongwei
Published: November 2022

Graphite is a well-known anode material for commercial lithium-ion batteries, and its physical and electrochemical properties have been studied extensively. However, the origin of an inductive loop observed in the low-frequency region of the Nyquist complex plane impedance spectrum of the graphite anode has been widely debated and attributed to contrasting reasons. This paper investigates the impedance spectrum of the graphite anode at various states of charge (SoCs) using three-electrode galvanostatic Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and further explores the impedance response of the electrolyte as a function of frequency. The graphite anode EIS measurement displayed an inductive loop in the low-frequency region for almost entire SoCs, irrespective of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) age. To study the origin of this inductive loop in the graphite impedance spectrum, we fabricated a three-electrode pouch cell with graphite and NMC electrodes and estimated the electrolyte impedance in the frequency range from 1 MHz to 0.05 Hz. The electrolyte impedance at low frequencies exhibited inductive behavior, indicating a significant role of the electrolyte in the origin of the inductive characteristic in the low-frequency region of the graphite EIS spectrum.
Trophic Transfer and Accumulation of Microplastics in Freshwater Ecosystem: Risk to Food Security and Human Health
Authors: Nair Haritha Thulaseedharan , Perumal Siddhuraju
Published: November 2022

Plastic pollution is not at all a novel matter to the scientific as well as the public community. However, the knowledge of the general public when it comes to microplastic pollution is still in its infancy. The major sources of these tiny plastic particles in the aquatic environment are laundry, abrasion of household plastics, cosmetics, personal care products, tyre wear, food wrappings, and so on. However, the public is not much aware that they are part of these major emission sources and how much they are contributing to it. Also, the vast majority of research conducted to date on plastic pollution in all size fractions has focused more on marine ecosystems than freshwater ecosystems. Hence, people are more associated with freshwater ecosystems than marine ecosystems; it should be given additional importance.Rather than the effect on aquatic organisms through ingestion and other ways, the ecological risks posed by micro and nanoplastics as vectors for chemical contaminants and their accumulation through trophic transfer are more serious and of utmost importance. Aquatic life or aquatic ecosystem is already affected by a multitude of environmental stressors, and now microplastics and nanoplastics may represent a significant additional risk to food security. Micro and nanoplastics have already invaded our diet in various ways. Even if it does not show any immediate effect on human health, long-term exposure may pose a serious threat to the human population. Hence, identifying the possible sources and reducing exposure to these sources is of utmost importance.
Evolutionary Path and Influences on Marine Ecological Farming: Dual Perspective of Government Intervention and Enterprise Participation
Authors: Zhang Qun , Lin Junjie , Wei Wenyue , Wei Yuanzhu
Published: November 2022

Marine ecological aquaculture is considered a robust scientific farming model, but it has not been widely promoted in China. Although some studies have examined stakeholders’ interests in ecological transformation, few studies to date have analyzed the interaction mechanism of the stakeholders in ecological transformation. Therefore, drawing on evolutionary game theory, this study analyzed the different behavioral strategies and evolutionary mechanisms of the government, marine aquaculture farmers, and aquatic enterprises engaged in marine farming processes. Furthermore, a numerical simulation was conducted to evaluate the rationality of the theoretical model. The results show that several factors affected the ecological transformation of mariculture. Government subsidies reduced farmers’ and aquatic enterprises’ costs of adopting ecological farming. The government’s increasing fines for aquaculture pollution slowed down the speed of the system to a stable point. The cost of adopting ecological farming by farmers and aquatic enterprises will affect their decision to adopt or invest in it. The increase in the market price of eco‐aquatic products helped accelerate the ecological transformation of mariculture. The brand effect obtained by aquatic enterprises by investing in ecological farming helped increase participation to further improve this practice. In terms of policy implications, we recommend the promotion and guidance of marine aquaculture technology, government support and investment, environmental control of the aquaculture industry, and brand building of eco‐aquatic products to transform and upgrade marine aquaculture farming.
Optimum Synthesis of Pencil Beams with Constrained Dynamic Range Ratio
Authors: Matijascic Marko , Jurisic Bellotti Maja , Vucic Mladen , Molnar Goran
Published: November 2022

In antenna array design, low dynamic range ratio (DRR) of excitation coefficients is important because it simplifies array’s feeding network and enables better control of mutual coupling. Optimization-based synthesis of pencil beams allows explicit control of DRR. However, incorporating DRR into an optimization problem leads to nonconvex constraints, making its solving challenging. In this paper, a framework for global optimization of linear pencil beams with constrained DRR is presented. By using this framework, the methods for synthesis of pencil beams with minimum sidelobe level and minimum sidelobe power are developed. Both methods utilize convex problems suitable for the synthesis of pencil beams whose coefficients’ signs are known in advance. By incorporating these problems into a branch and bound algorithm, the procedures for global optimizations are formed which systematically search the space of all coefficient signs. The method for minimization of sidelobe power is further analyzed in the context of beam efficiency. It is shown that this method can be utilized in an approximate and at the same time global design of pencil beam arrays with maximum beam efficiency and constrained DRR. Based on this approach, a method for the design of pencil beam arrays with minimum DRR and specified beam efficiency is proposed.
Estimation of Annual Routine Maintenance Cost for Highway Tunnels
Authors: Wu Xuelian , Shi Xiaoli , Li Yuhuan , Gong Xiaotian
Published: November 2022

In highway management, the prediction of the routine maintenance cost of tunnels is an important issue in saving tunnel maintenance costs due to its uncertainty, and the influencing factors should be carefully selected because too many variables could not be involved in the model. The complicated relationship between variables may lead to the inconsistency of model coefficients with the actual situation even though the goodness of fit of the model constructed with more variables is higher. This paper presents an approach in which quantitative analysis is combined with qualitative analysis to quickly select the independent variables of the tunnel routine maintenance cost (TMC) model. Based on the routine maintenance data collection of nine highway tunnels in Shaanxi province from 2007 to 2016, the independent variables of the models are determined with one‐way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, partial correlation, and hierarchical regression. Afterwards, a fixed‐effect regression model which can reflect the overall regional features is developed. Results show that tunnel age (Age) and tunnel length proportion (PET) have less effect on TMC among the main influencing factors such as district, Age, annual average daily traffic volume (AADT), truck traffic volume proportion (PTT), PET, and number of ventilation facilities (NVF), while the NVF makes a positive contribution to the TMC. Compared with grouped regression models, the fixed‐effect regression model has higher fitting accuracy and a better regression coefficient significance. The quick independent variable selection method can shorten the time of establishing the model and determine the influencing factors of the research object effectively. The established model is suitable for forecasting the TMC and budget arrangement. In addition, the elastic analysis results of regression coefficients are helpful to the decision of maintenance strategy and the allocation of maintenance funds.
Short-Term Efficacy of Using a Novel Low-Volume Bone Marrow Aspiration Technique to Treat Knee Osteoarthritis: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kuebler Daniel , Schnee Alexandra , Moore Lisa , Kouri Jason , McLaughlin Alexis , Hanson Robert , Kuebler Patrick , Dallo Ignacio , Gobbi Alberto
Published: November 2022

Background. Intra-articular bone marrow concentrate (BMC) and aspirate (BMA) injections have been used with mixed results to treat osteoarthritis (OA). Given the various aspiration and concentration methods available for preparing bone marrow, more data are needed to identify the optimal bone marrow harvesting techniques to treat OA. Methods. This retrospective cohort study examined the effect of using low-volume BMAs harvested using the Marrow Cellution™ (MC) device on 160 patients (262 knees) suffering from pain due to knee OA, KL grades 2-4, that did not respond to conservative treatment. Changes in visual analog scores (VAS) for overall daily activity were examined over a six-month time frame in these patients (

63.5
±
0.97

years of age; 48.1% male). In addition, changes in the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) and Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC scores) were examined over the same time frame in a smaller subset of patients (95 patients including 172 knees). Results. There was a statistically significant improvement in VAS scores for overall daily activity 6 months postprocedure in the study population,

7.29
±
0.27

vs.

3.76
±
0.34

(

p
<
0.0001

), as well as statistically significant improvements in WOMAC scores,

49.3
±
4.27

vs.

66.3
±
4.08

(

p
<
0.0001

). On the individual level, 71% of the cases displayed VAS improvements and 61% of the cases displayed WOMAC improvements that exceeded levels previous studies determined to be the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for knee OA treatments. The improvements in WOMAC scores were also seen in both the WOMAC pain subscore,

52.2
±
4.39

vs.

72.2
±
4.36

(

p
<
0.0001

) and the WOMAC function subscore,

51.6
±
4.67

vs.

69.0
±
4.36

(

p
<
0.0001

). In addition, the PGIC scores measuring patient satisfaction improved from

4.03
±
0.26

at 6 weeks postprocedure to

4.65
±
0.28

at 6 months postprocedure (

p
<
0.0001

). Conclusions. Knee OA patients treated with MC BMA intra-articular injections exhibited significant reductions in VAS pain scores and significant improvements in WOMAC scores that exceeded the minimal clinically important difference thresholds. In addition, reductions in VAS pain scores and improvements in WOMAC scores correlated with higher PGIC scores.
Structural Analysis and Topological Characterization of Sudoku Nanosheet
Authors: Zaman Shahid , Jalani Mehwish , Ullah Asad , Saeedi Ghulamullah
Published: November 2022

The physical and biological properties of chemical compounds are modelled using chemical graph theory. The geometric structure of chemical compounds can be modelled using a variety of topological indices derived from graph theory. The chemical structures, physicochemical characteristics, and biological activities are predicted by the topological indices using the real numbers derived from the molecular compound. The topological index’s first use was to identify the physical characteristics of alkenes. A topological index is a molecular structure descriptor calculated from a chemical compound’s molecular graph describing its topology. When applied to a chemical compound’s molecular structure, it tells the theoretical properties. The chemical structure is studied as a graph, where elements are denoted as vertices, and chemical bonds are called edges. In this study, we have computed some novel topological indices named as modified neighborhood version of the forgotten topological index , the neighborhood version of the first multiplicative Zagreb , the neighborhood version of the second Zagreb index , the neighborhood version of hyper‐Zagreb index HMN, the Sambor topological index SO(G), and the Sambor reduced topological index SOred(G) for the Sudoku nanosheet and derived formulas for them. Based on the derived formulas, the numerical results of the understudy nanosheet’s physical and chemical properties are investigated. Our computed results are undoubtedly helpful in understanding the topology of the understudy nanosheet. These computed indices have the best correlation with acentric factor and entropy; therefore, they are effective in QSPRs and QSARs analysis with complete accuracy.
“A Review of Parquetina nigrescens (Afzel.) Bullock, A Plant for Traditional Medicine: Phytochemical and Pharmacological Properties”
Authors: Adase Emmanuel , Ankutse Peter , Kumadoh Doris , Archer Mary-Ann , Kyene Michael O. , Yeboah Genevieve N. , Asamoah Agyare David Okata
Published: November 2022

The development of herbal medicines as a remedy for several illnesses has been recognized and accepted worldwide by health experts. Parquetina nigrescens is a perennial evergreen woody climber from the Apocynaceae family, widely used in Africa for the treatment of many diseases. The current study is intended to review and put together information available on this ethno-medicinal plant, which will improve scientific knowledge about the plant and also identify research areas that need to be investigated further. The information related to the plant was obtained using scientific databases such as Google scholar, WebMD, Wiley, Science direct, Cochrane database, student thesis, PubMed, and Scopus to obtain relevant literature regarding the botanical descriptions and distribution of the plant, traditional uses, phytochemicals, active compounds isolated from the plant, and pharmacological properties of P. nigrescens. Several traditional uses for different parts of the plant (leaves, stem bark, roots, leaf sap, flowers, and latex) have been presented. A review of the phytochemical composition of different plant parts revealed the presence of reducing sugars, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, steroids, coumarin, anthraquinones, terpenoids, and saponins. Many studies also highlighted pharmacological activities related to P. nigrescens, including antianemic and haematological activity, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic, antiasthmatic, antimicrobial, insecticidal, neurotoxic, cytotoxic, antityphoid, antipolycystic ovarian syndrome activity, antilipidemic, and memory-enhancing activity. It is recommended that further in-vivo and clinical studies be conducted on the plant for the development of novel drugs.
Constructing the Fuzzy Hyperbola and Its Applications in Analytical Fuzzy Plane Geometry
Authors: Özekinci Seçil , Aycan Cansel
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we studied about a detailed analysis of fuzzy hyperbola. In the previous studies, some methods for fuzzy parabola are discussed (Ghosh and Chakraborty, 2019). To define the fuzzy hyperbola, it is necessary to modify the method applied for the fuzzy parabola. To obtain a conic, it is necessary to know at least five points on this curve. First of all, in this study, we examined how to detect these five fuzzy points. We have discussed in detail the impact of points in this examination on finding fuzzy membership degrees and determining the curve. We show the use of the algorithm for calculating the coefficients in the conic equation on the examples. We make detailed drawings of all the fuzzy hyperbolas found and depicted the geometric location of fuzzy points with different membership degrees on the graph. As can be seen from the figures in our study, the importance of membership degrees in fuzzy space is that it causes us to find different numbers of hyperbola curves for the five points we study with. In addition, finding the membership of a given point to the fuzzy hyperbola is possible by solving nonlinear equations under different angular approaches. This examination is shown in detail in this study, and the results in the examples are evaluated by geometric comments. The systems formed by the fuzzy hyperbola curves are found to have different areas of use, as presented in the Conclusion. Some of usage areas of fuzzy hyperbola are radar systems, scanning devices, photosynthesis, heat, and CO2 distribution of plants.
The Orthographic Ambiguity of the Arabic Graphic System: Evidence from a Case of Central Agraphia Affecting the Two Routes of Spelling
Authors: Boumaraf Assia , Bekal Sonia , Macoir Joël
Published: November 2022

The Arabic writing system includes ambiguities that create difficulties in spelling. These ambiguities relate mainly to the long vowels, some phoneme-grapheme conversions, lexical particularities, and the connectivity of letters. In this article, the first to specifically explore acquired spelling impairments in an Arabic-speaking individual, we report the case of CHS, who presented with agraphia following a stroke. Initial testing indicated substantial impairment of CHS’s spelling abilities in the form of mixed agraphia. The experimental study was specifically designed to explore the influence of the orthographic ambiguity of the Arabic graphemic system on CHS’s spelling performance. The results revealed that CHS had substantial difficulties with orthographic ambiguity and tended to omit ambiguous graphemes. Some of the errors she produced suggested reliance on the sublexical route of spelling, while others rather reflected the adoption of the lexical-semantic route. These findings from a case involving a non-Western, non-Indo-European language contribute to discussions of theoretical models of spelling. They show that CHS’s pattern of impairment is consistent with the summation hypothesis, according to which the lexical-semantic and the sublexical routes interactively contribute to spelling.
A Necroptosis-Related Gene Signature to Predict the Prognosis of Skin Cutaneous Melanoma
Authors: Xie Yihui , Xu Ziqian , Mei Xingyu , Shi Weimin
Published: November 2022

The prognosis of skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) remains poor, and patients with SKCM show a poor response to immunotherapy. Thus, we aimed to identify necroptosis-related biomarkers, which can help predict the prognosis of SKCM and improve the effectiveness of precision medicine. Data of SKCM were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and GEO databases. TCGA samples were classified into two clusters by consensus clustering of necroptosis-related genes. Univariate Cox and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analyses led to the identification of 11 genes, which were used to construct a prognostic model. GSE65904 was used as the test set. Principal component, t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding, and Kaplan–Meier survival analyses indicated that samples in the train and test sets could be divided into two groups, with the high-risk group showing a worse prognosis. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed, and a nomogram, calibration curve, and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve were constructed to verify the efficacy of our model. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for the train set were 0.702, 0.663, and 0.701 and for the test set were 0.613, 0.627, and 0.637, respectively. Moreover, we performed Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses between the high- and low-risk groups. Single sample gene set enrichment analysis, immune cell infiltration analysis, tumor microenvironment scores, immune checkpoint analysis, and half-maximal inhibitory concentration prediction indicated that the high-risk group showed weaker antitumor immunity; further, the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors was worse, and the high-risk group was sensitive to fewer antitumor drugs. Tumor mutational burden analysis, Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, and correlation analysis between risk score and RNA stemness score revealed that the high-risk group with low tumor mutational burden and high RNA stemness score was potentially associated with poor prognosis. To conclude, our model, which was based on 11 necroptosis-related genes, could predict the prognosis of SKCM; in addition, it has guiding significance for the selection of clinical treatment and provides new research directions to enhance necroptosis against SKCM.
Mechanical Structure Design of the Aircraft ASD Control Isolation Control
Authors: Shi Qiongyan , Zhang Jianghua
Published: November 2022

Aircraft control system is of key importance for flight attitude control of aircrafts. Its normal function directly determines whether the aircraft flies safely, flight delay, and dispatch reliability. Therefore, this paper designs the mechanical structure of the aircraft ASD control isolation control. Firstly, the mechanical control principle of the driving rod system is analyzed, and the isolation mechanism of pitch and roll control is designed; secondly, the control lines are classified, the transmission characteristic requirements of the aircraft control isolation system are given, the transmission ratio distribution and calculation of the aircraft control isolation system are given, and finally, the mechanism design of the aircraft ASD control isolation system is realized.
Early Retinal Microvasculopathy in Prediabetic Patients and Correlated Factors
Authors: Xu Yi , Zhu Xiaofeng , Wang Yongyi , Chu Zhongdi , Wang Ruikang K. , Lu Lina , Zou Haidong
Published: November 2022

Introduction: We aimed to detect early retinal microcirculation changes in prediabetic patients and investigate their correlation with clinical examinations. Methods: Forty-seven prediabetic individuals, 29 controls, and 81 type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) patients were enrolled in this study. A review of clinical data and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography angiography (SD-OCTA) parameters of macular vessel diameter (VD), foveal avascular zone (FAZ), and macular vessel area density (VAD) was performed. Results: Levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides in prediabetes and T2DM groups were significantly higher than those in the control group. The urine microalbumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) was mildly and moderately increased in the prediabetes and T2DM groups, respectively. The estimated glomerular filtration rate of the three groups was within the normal range. SD-OCTA showed that VAD in the superficial macular area was decreased in the prediabetes group compared to the control group (p = 0.01). The FAZ size, particularly in the deep layer, was expanded in the prediabetes group. In the deep retinal layer of the macular area, VD and FAZ size in the prediabetes group were larger than those in the control group. In the prediabetes group, the axial length was significantly correlated with macular VD and FAZ size (p < 0.05), and ACR was correlated with FAZ size (p < 0.05). Age had a negative correlation with VAD (p < 0.01). ACR had a positive correlation with FAZ size (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Enlargement and irregularity of the FAZ area, deep capillary dilation, and a decrease in VAD occur in the retina of prediabetic patients with mild kidney function impairment.
A review on ecology, biology, and management of a detrimental pest, Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)
Authors: Yadav Shubh Pravat Singh , Bhattarai Sukritee , Ghimire Netra Prasad , Yadav Bishnu
Published: November 2022

Insect pests are the forcing barrier for crop production worldwide. Of those insects, lepidopteran forms a major group of pests damaging from larval, pupal to adult stages. A leaf-mining insect i.e., Tuta absoluta of the lepidopteran group is a serious pest of tomato throughout the globe. The widespread outreach resulting from this challenging pest posed a great threat in every habituated continent recently. The extensive infestations fortified by feeding grubs on tomato and other Solanaceous crops have unprecedented economic losses of the yield. Due to the entophytic nature of the pest, it makes growers difficult to manage the tomato leaf miner pest. So, every approach is to be foreseen to manipulate the pest environment not favoring them for survival, multiplication, and growth. Thence, a complete package of useful tactics including physical, biological, mechanical, biotechnical, botanical, and chemical measures are fruitful to harness the real impact of pest management. The best control strategies are accessed and complied herein considering the actual know-how on the nature of pests and effective mitigating measures to assure the crops in this review paper.
Prognosis and the Effect of De-Escalation of Antiplatelet Therapy After Nuisance Bleeding in Patients With Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Choo Eun Ho , Choi Ik Jun , Lim Sungmin , Moon Donggyu , Kim Chan Joon , Park Mahn-Won , Kim Min Chul , Hwang Byung-Hee , Lee Kwan Yong , Seok Choi Yun , Kim Hee-Yeol , Yoo Ki-Dong , Jeon Doo Soo , Ahn Youngkeun , Chang Kiyuk ,   TALOS-AMI Investigators
Published: November 2022

Background:

Data regarding prognosis and management after nuisance bleeding (NB) is limited. The purpose was to examine the prognostic significance of NB in patients receiving potent dual antiplatelet treatment (DAPT) after acute myocardial infarction and the impact of de-escalation of DAPT on clinical outcomes thereafter.

Methods:

From the TALOS-AMI trial (Ticagrelor Versus Clopidogrel in Stabilized Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction)‚ 2583 patients were used to investigate the clinical impact of NB (defined as Bleeding Academic Research Consortium [BARC] 1 bleeding) during 1-month treatment with ticagrelor-based DAPT after acute myocardial infarction. We assessed the associations between NB within 1 month and BARC 2, 3, or 5 bleeding and major adverse cardiovascular event (a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke) from 1 to 12 months. We also evaluated the effect of de-escalation to clopidogrel in patients with or without NB.

Results:

NB occurred in 416 patients (16.7%) after 1 month of ticagrelor-based DAPT. At 1 year, NB was not associated with increase in BARC 2, 3, or 5 bleeding (hazard ratio [HR]‚ 1.29 [95% CI‚ 0.7–2.14]) and major adverse cardiovascular event (HR‚ 1.72 [95% CI‚ 0.87–3.39]). However, patients with NB had an increased risk of BARC 2, 3, or 5 bleeding at 6 months (HR, 1.94 [95% CI, 1.08–3.48];
P
=0.026), which diminished over the next 6 months. De-escalation from ticagrelor to clopidogrel reduced the incidence of BARC 2, 3, or 5 bleeding compared with ticagrelor plus aspirin in NB (HR‚ 0.31 [95% CI‚ 0.10–0.92]) and non-NB patients (HR‚ 0.58 [95% CI‚ 0.37–0.90]) without heterogeneity (
P
interaction=0.291). There was no increase in major adverse cardiovascular event after DAPT de-escalation, irrespective of NB.

Conclusions:

NB was frequent in patients with acute myocardial infarction on 1-month ticagrelor-based DAPT and was associated with an early increase of bleeding. DAPT de-escalation after NB may reduce bleeding without increasing ischemic events.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02018055.
Cardiac Troponin I–Interacting Kinase Affects Cardiomyocyte S-Phase Activity but Not Cardiomyocyte Proliferation
Authors: Reuter Sean P. , Soonpaa Mark H. , Field Dorothy , Simpson Ed , Rubart-von der Lohe Michael , Lee Han Kyu , Sridhar Arthi , Ware Stephanie M. , Green Nick , Li Xiaochun , Ofner Susan , Marchuk Douglas A. , Wollert Kai C. , Field Loren J.
Published: November 2022

Background:

Identifying genetic variants that affect the level of cell cycle reentry and establishing the degree of cell cycle progression in those variants could help guide development of therapeutic interventions aimed at effecting cardiac regeneration. We observed that C57Bl6/NCR (B6N) mice have a marked increase in cardiomyocyte S-phase activity after permanent coronary artery ligation compared with infarcted DBA/2J (D2J) mice.

Methods:

Cardiomyocyte cell cycle activity after infarction was monitored in D2J, (D2J×B6N)-F1, and (D2J×B6N)-F1×D2J backcross mice by means of bromodeoxyuridine or 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine incorporation using a nuclear-localized transgenic reporter to identify cardiomyocyte nuclei. Genome-wide quantitative trait locus analysis, fine scale genetic mapping, whole exome sequencing, and RNA sequencing analyses of the backcross mice were performed to identify the gene responsible for the elevated cardiomyocyte S-phase phenotype.

Results:

(D2J×B6N)-F1 mice exhibited a 14-fold increase in cardiomyocyte S-phase activity in ventricular regions remote from infarct scar compared with D2J mice (0.798±0.09% versus 0.056±0.004%;
P
<0.001). Quantitative trait locus analysis of (D2J×B6N)-F1×D2J backcross mice revealed that the gene responsible for differential S-phase activity was located on the distal arm of chromosome 3 (logarithm of the odds score=6.38;
P
<0.001). Additional genetic and molecular analyses identified 3 potential candidates. Of these,
Tnni3k
(troponin I-interacting kinase) is expressed in B6N hearts but not in D2J hearts. Transgenic expression of TNNI3K in a D2J genetic background results in elevated cardiomyocyte S-phase activity after injury. Cardiomyocyte S-phase activity in both Tnni3k-expressing and Tnni3k-nonexpressing mice results in the formation of polyploid nuclei.

Conclusions:

These data indicate that Tnni3k expression increases the level of cardiomyocyte S-phase activity after injury.
Epigenetic Biomarkers of Lead Exposure and Cardiovascular Disease: Prospective Evidence in the Strong Heart Study
Authors: Lieberman‐Cribbin Wil , Domingo‐Relloso Arce , Navas‐Acien Ana , Cole Shelley , Haack Karin , Umans Jason , Tellez‐Plaza Maria , Colicino Elena , Baccarelli Andrea A. , Gao Xu , Kupsco Allison
Published: November 2022

Background

Lead is a cardiotoxic metal with a variety of adverse health effects. In the absence of data on bone lead exposure, epigenetic biomarkers can serve as indicators of cumulative lead exposure and body burden. Herein, we leveraged novel epigenetic biomarkers of lead exposure to investigate their association with cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and mortality.

Methods and Results

Blood DNA methylation was measured using the Illumina MethylationEPIC BeadChip among 2231 participants of the Strong Heart Study (SHS) at baseline (1989–1991). Epigenetic biomarkers of lead levels in blood, patella, and tibia were estimated using previously identified cytosine‐guanine dinucleotide (CpG) sites. CVD incidence and mortality data were available through 2017. Median concentrations of lead epigenetic biomarkers were 13.8 μg/g, 21.3 μg/g, and 2.9 μg/dL in tibia, patella, and blood, respectively. In adjusted models, the hazard ratio (HR) (95% CI) of CVD mortality per doubling increase in lead epigenetic biomarkers were 1.42 (1.07–1.87) for tibia lead, 1.22 (0.93–1.60) for patella lead, and 1.57 (1.16–2.11) for blood lead. The corresponding HRs for incident CVD were 0.99 (0.83–1.19), 1.07 (0.89–1.29), and 1.06 (0.87–1.30). The association between the tibia lead epigenetic biomarker and CVD mortality was modified by sex (interaction
P
value: 0.014), with men at increased risk (HR, 1.42 [95% CI, 1.17–1.72]) compared with women (HR, 1.04 [95% CI, 0.89–1.22]).

Conclusions

Tibia and blood epigenetic biomarkers were associated with increased risk of CVD mortality, potentially reflecting the cardiovascular impact of cumulative and recent lead exposures. These findings support that epigenetic biomarkers of lead exposure may capture some of the disease risk associated with lead exposure.
Herpes Zoster and Long‐Term Risk of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Curhan Sharon G. , Kawai Kosuke , Yawn Barbara , Rexrode Kathryn M. , Rimm Eric B. , Curhan Gary C.
Published: November 2022

Background

We investigated the longitudinal association of herpes zoster (HZ), commonly known as “shingles,” and long‐term risk of stroke or coronary heart disease (CHD) among participants in 3 large US cohorts, the NHS (Nurses' Health Study), NHS II (Nurses' Health Study II), and HPFS (Health Professionals Follow‐Up Study).

Methods and Results

Participants were 79 658 women in the NHS (2000–2016), 93 932 women in the NHS II (2001–2017), and 31 440 men in the HPFS (2004–2016), without prior stroke or CHD. Information on HZ, stroke, and CHD was collected on biennial questionnaires and confirmed by medical record review. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratios for stroke and for CHD according to years since HZ compared with never HZ. During >2 million person‐years of follow‐up, 3603 incident stroke and 8620 incident CHD cases were documented. History of HZ was significantly and independently associated with higher long‐term risk of stroke and CHD. In pooled analyses, compared with individuals with no history of HZ, the multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratios (95% CIs) for stroke were 1.05 (0.88–1.25) among those with 1 to 4 years since HZ, 1.38 (1.10–1.74) for among those with 5 to 8 years since HZ, 1.28 (1.03–1.59) among those with for 9 to 12 years since HZ, and 1.19 (0.90–1.56) among those with ≥13 years since HZ. For CHD, the corresponding multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratios (95% CIs) were 1.13 (1.01–1.27) for 1 to 4 years, 1.16 (1.02–1.32) for 5 to 8 years, 1.25 (1.07–1.46) for 9 to 12 years, and 1.00 (0.83–1.21) for ≥13 years.

Conclusions

HZ is associated with higher long‐term risk of a major cardiovascular event. These findings suggest there are long‐term implications of HZ and underscore the importance of prevention.
Networked Trust & the Future of Media
Authors: Rainie Lee
Published: November 2022

Americans believe the civic information ecosystem is collapsing. Trust in journalism has declined in the past generation, and news media now draw polarized audiences. Public confidence in social media as a news and information source has never been strong, and people today say social media firms cannot be trusted to be objective or impartial information curators of political discourse or stewards of their users’ personal data. This adds up to public despair about disinformation and misinformation that impinges on the way expert knowledge is evaluated and deeply affects public life. A reckoning for both the news media and social media is at hand: For journalists, the existential challenge centers on the viability of their underlying business model. For social media firms, “techlash” might force them to change their structures and practices. Under the circumstances, networked individuals will determine the contours of trust in media.
Religion, Democracy & the Task of Restoring Trust
Authors: Wuthnow Robert
Published: November 2022

There is a palpable sense of betrayal when religious leaders participate in moral malfeasance: when they engage in illicit sexual affairs, commit or condone child abuse, or deal in fraudulent financial transactions. Betrayals like these prompt doubts that religious leaders can be trusted and pose questions about the organizations they represent. But what can be learned from these episodes? I discuss the dramatic erosion of confidence in religious organizations that has taken place in recentyears, framing it in terms of arguments about moral decline and institutional changes in religion. I show how betrayals of trust become symbolic representations of larger societal problems that are deemed to necessitate remediation. How the betrayals are interpreted becomes the basis for several mechanisms through which attempts are made to restore trust: confessions, investigations, and litigation. Their limitations notwithstanding, they cast light on the major challenges we face as a nation in seeking to restore trust in our basic institutions and our faith in American democracy.
Pu Songling’s “Shibian” 尸變 and Vampiric Chases in the Chinese Tradition of Strange Narratives
Authors: Wang Shengyu
Published: November 2022

“Shibian” is a famous seventeenth-century horror tale by Pu Songling that culminates in a terror-stricken traveler’s deadly pursuit by a reanimated corpse. This article explores the tale’s close connection to two groups of similar narratives about corpse reanimation, which the author designates as “Temple of Horror” anecdotes and “House of Death” accounts, respectively. Though recognizing “Shibian” as essentially a “House of Death” account, this article argues that a version of “Temple of Horror” also contributed narrative elements that were key to the intricacy and intense horror of Pu Songling’s tale.
Referential vagueness, plurality, and discourse dependence
Authors: Etxeberria Urtzi , Giannakidou Anastasia
Published: November 2022

Referentially vague (or ‘ignorance’) indefinites are known to exhibit apparently conflicting behavior: in the singular, they are referentially vague (Giannakidou and Quer 2013, Alonso-Ovalle and Menéndez-Benito 2010, 2011, 2013), but in the plural they appear to depend on a discourse given set. The phenomenon is typically discussed in the context of Spanish algún/algunos (Gutiérrez-Rexach 2001, 2010, Martí 2008, 2009); but in this paper we offer extensive novel data from the Greek indefinites kapjos/kapjoi exhibiting the same asymmetry between the singular and the plural. The apparent conflict between the two variants, we propose, is just that—apparent: the indefinites remain referentially vague in both uses. Referential vagueness is not at odds with discourse familiarity, and the apparent differences between the singular and the plural follow from NP-ellipsis, the potential topicality of the indefinite, and the way vagueness interacts with plurality.