bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Subjects of economic security of a city
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Modenov Anatoly , Vlasov Mark ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Kharchenko Oleg ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Published: June 2022

The purpose of the article is to define the term «economic security of a city» and assess the current importance of studying this question. Economic security of a city is determined, from the one part, by how efficiently the city’s functions are performed from the viewpoint of consumers of goods from city-forming enterprises, from the other part, by how economic interests of social groups that perform a particular city’s function are met. City’s social groups are the main subjects of its economic security. The identified social groups are differentiated by the source of income and are directly related to the city’s functions. The study proposes to range social groups by the extent of their influence on the city’s policy. This allows identifying the material interests of these groups and linking them to the city’s economic security. The differentiation of economic interests between city-forming and city-maintaining enterprises allowed focusing attention on city’s strategic aspects of development. Analysis of the existing approaches to economic security of city revealed that they are based on the countering the recurrent threats that are possible to interpret as adverse effects of managerial decisions made earlier. The approach existing in literature is focused on the quick definition of city’s economic security and makes it impossible to define the city’s strategy from the position of ensuring its economic security. The proposed definition of city’s economic security makes it possible to proceed to formation of the general strategy of a city in terms of ensuring its economic security, as well as to identify the functional strategies to realize it.
Gender Differences in 10-Year Mortality in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease with Elevated Lipoprotein(a): In Search of Invisible Guardian Angel
Authors: Shek Aleksandr B , Alieva Rano B , Abdullaev Alisher A , Fozilov Khurshid G , Khoshimov Shavkat U , Bekmetova Feruza M , Nizamov Ulugbek I , Ziyaeva Adolat V
Published: June 2022

The objective of our study was to examine the contribution of elevated Lp(a) to 10-year mortality in 140 CAD patients, depending on gender, baseline lipid levels, ApoA-I, ApoB, and the ApoA1, ApoE, and ApoB gene polymorphisms. Methods and Results: The study included 140 patients (75 men and 65 women) of the Uzbek population, hospitalized with diagnosis “CAD, unstable angina (IIB class, E. Braunwald et al., 1989)” (main group) in the period between January 2009 and February 2011. The endpoints at 10-year follow-up were death from cardiovascular causes (fatal myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death). In the studied cohort of CAD patients, Lp(a) distribution was skewed to the right, the median was 16.9mg/dL, and the mean was 34.3mg/dL. At the same time, Lp(a) value greater than the 75th percentile was >41mg/dL. In this regard, we compared the baseline values in 2 groups of patients: Group 1 (Lp(a)<41mg/dL) and Group 2 (Lp(a)>41mg/dL). The 10-year cardiovascular mortality rate was higher significantly in Group 2 (RR =3.67; 95% CI: 1.67-8.11; P=0.0013). Cardiovascular mortality was significantly higher (P<0.001) in men of Group 2 than in men of Group 1 (RR=5.31; 95% CI: 2.03-13.88; P<0.001), while in women, the 10-year mortality in the compared groups did not differ significantly. Cardiovascular mortality was lower in patients with ApoA-1≥140mg/dL, the majority of whom were women. Conclusion: In the absence of targeted Lp(a) therapy, long exposure to a level of Lp(a) of >41mg/dL is a factor that increases 10-year mortality in CAD patients. Highlights • 10-year cardiovascular mortality was higher in CAD patients with Lp(a)>41mg/dL. • However, the increase in mortality due to high Lp(a) was statistically significant in men than in women. • The ApoA-I level was higher in women than in men. • Cardiovascular mortality was lower in patients with ApoA-I≥140mg/dL, most of whom were women.
Erbium YAG Laser in the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia
Authors: Azimova Fatima V , Zakirov Rustam R , Nurmatova Iroda B
Published: June 2022

The article presents data on the effectiveness of the 2940 nm wavelength erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser (Er:YAG) in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia (AA) in 85 men. All AA patients underwent a video trichodermatoscopy examination of the scalp using an Aramo-SG video camera (Korea) with ×60 and ×200 lenses, and the Trichoscience diagnostic program. The results of the study were evaluated by videotrichodermatoscopy by the presence of atrophied HF before and after 3 months of laser therapy. A 3-month erbium laser treatment using a 2940-nm Er:YAG laser along with the conventional therapy showed a high efficiency, which was expressed in a decrease in microfibrosis around the hair follicles and an increase in hair growth in the anagen stage.
Experimental Evaluation of Hemostatic Agents and Powdered Sorbent Effectiveness on the Dynamics of Blood Aggregate State Regulation using the Method of Thromboelastography
Authors: Vorontsov Alexey K , Parkhisenko Yuri A , Cherednikov Evgeniy F , Barannikov Sergey V , Mehantjeva Ludmila E , Yuzefovich Igor S , Bezaltynnykh Alexander A , Ovsyannikov Evgeniy S
Published: June 2022

Background: This article presents the results of an experimental study on the effect of hemostatic agents (Hemostatic collagen sponge, Tachocomb, Surgitamp and granular sorbent Molselect G-50) on the system regulating the aggregate state of the blood (SRASB) using piezoelectric thromboelastography (TEG). Methods and Results: The study involved 18 healthy men aged between 21 and 43 years [29.0 (25.0-32.5) years] with normal indicators of the SRASB. In the first series of experiments, TEG of the blood was recorded without the addition of the test material (the control stage). At the second stage of the experiment, the hemostatic properties of the Hemostatic collagen sponge, Tachocomb, hemostatic gauze Surgitamp and granular sorbent Molselect G-50 were studied. In vitro experimental studies to assess the effect of hemostatic agents and granular sorbent on the SRASB using piezoelectric TEG have shown that the use of Hemostatic collagen sponge, Tachocomb, Surgitamp, and the granular sorbent Molselect G-50 convincingly affects all links of the thrombosis process. However, Surgitamp and the granular sorbent Molselect G-50 show the greatest influence on such important indicators as TBC and MCD, which gives reason to conclude they are effective in clinical use in surgical practice.
Features in the Processes of Left Ventricular Remodeling Depending on the Degree of Renal Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Kamilova Umida , Atakhodjaeva Gulchekhra , Abdullaeva Charos , Masharipova Dilyafruz , Zakirova Gulnoza , Tagaeva Dilnoza
Published: June 2022

Background: The aim of this research was to study the features of changes in the parameters of heart remodeling in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and chronic heart failure (CHF), depending on the degree of renal dysfunction (RD). Methods and Results: The study included 150 CHD patients with NYHA functional class (FC) I-IIII of CHF. All examined patients were subdivided according to the level of eGFR: Group A included 81 patients with CHF FCI-III and eGFRCKD-EPI>60 mL/min per 1.73m2; Group B included 69 patients with CHF FCI-III and eGFRCKD-EPI≤60 mL/min per 1.73m2. It was found an increase in left ventricular (LV) mass in Group B by 11.4%, compared to Group A (P=0.000). Analysis of LV systolic function showed that in Group B, values of LF ejection fraction and fractional shortening were significantly lower than in Group A (47.64±0.61% vs. 52.7±0.28%, and 25.40±0.46% vs. 28.23±0.25%, respectively, P=0.000). Thus, in Group B, we found CHFrEF, compared to Group A with CHFpEF. Analysis of diastolic function revealed that in Group B, the E/A ratio was statistically higher than in Group A (1.12±0.05 vs. 0.81±0.04, respectively, P=0.000). At the same time, in Group B, values of IVRT and DT were significantly lower than in Group A (85.01±0.8 ms vs. 91.25±0.99 ms, and 177.8±2.1 ms vs. 197.5±2.07 ms, respectively, P=0.000). Thus, the signs of the impaired relaxation (Grade 1 DD) and the pseudonormal filling pattern (Grade 2 DD) were found in Group A and Group B, respectively. Conclusion: RD in patients with CHF is an important factor in the significant deterioration of LV systolic and diastolic functions.
Synchronization of Wave Flows of Arterial and Venous Blood with Phases of the Cardiac Cycle in Norm: Part 5
Authors: Kruglov Alexander G , Utkin Valery N , Vasilyev Alexander Yu , Kruglov Andrey A
Published: June 2022

The muscular-fibrous frame of the heart (MFFH) synchronizes and compensates for the pressor effect of the myocardium between the high/low-energy regions (left/right) of the heart. The anatomical structures of MFFH (plastic muscular-fibrous formation with a phase change in contours, valves, valve rings) form the "cardiac mean integral pressure" (CMIP). MFFH, a variable spatial structure, forms the starting pressor levels of “opening/closing” of valves and hemodynamic vectors of the heart chambers, systemic and pulmonary circulation, and also compensates for excess pressor pressure (having a variable gradient) at the boundaries of the heart chambers. Throughout the cardiac cycle (CC), on the path "venous block-lung-arterial block-aorta," variable pressure values, compensated by the structures of MFFH, are formed between the blood flows of the right and left parts of the heart. A mutual adaptation of SVs of the ventricles is formed by phase-by-phase compensatory plastics of MFFH. CMIP of MFFH is an integral indicator, where each point reflects: 1) CC phase (time and place); 2) the average value of the range of values in which the equilibrium point of pressor compensation between the high/low-energy processes of this CC phase is located. CMIP is a vector of the MFFH phase dynamics, which compensates for the excess pressor effect with a changing gradient through CC.
Lipids Peroxidation Products in Young Men with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Darenskaya Marina A , Chugunova Elena V , Kolesnikov Sergey I , Semenova Natalya V , Kolesnikova Lyubov I
Published: June 2022

The aim of this research was to assess the level of lipid oxidation products level and the antioxidant defense state in young male patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) depending on the disease duration. Materials and Methods: A total of 57 men of young reproductive age (average age of 30.25±8.51 years) with T1DM and an unsatisfactory glycemic profile, depending on the disease duration, were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 included 29 men (average age of 27.69±6.92 years) with a T1DM duration <5 years (2.72±1.61 years) and HbA1c level of 11.37±2.74%. Group 2 included 28 men (average age of 32.89±9.28 years) with a T1DM duration ≥5 years (12.93±5.69) and HbA1c level of 10.19±2.18%). The control group consisted of 28 men of the same age (29.71±4.59 years). Spectrophotometric/spectrofluorometric methods and enzyme immunoassay were used. Results: We found a significant increase in the values of CDs (by 2.04 times, P<0.0001), KD and CT (by 2.38 times, P<0.0001), TBARs (by 1.17 times, P=0.001), SB (by 2.6 times, P<0.0001), and retinol (by 1.44 times, P<0.0001) in Group 1 compared to the control group. In Group 2, there was a statistically significant increase in the levels of CDs (by 2.59 times, P<0.0001), KD and CT (by 2.94 times, P<0.0001), TBARs (by 1.49 times, P=0.001), SB (by 3.27 times, P<0.0001), and retinol (by 1.4 times, P=0.001) compared to the control group. The differences between the two groups with different duration of T1DM were characterized only by the CDs level, which was increased in Group 2 patients with a T1DM duration of ≥5 years (by 1.27 times, P=0.048) compared to Group 1 patients with a T1DM duration of < 5 years. Conclusion: LPO parameters can serve as additional laboratory markers that characterize the course of T1DM and can be used to develop potential prevention and therapy strategies.
Insight about Different Physical Therapy Techniques for Management of Hypertrophic Scars
Authors: Eid Marwa M , Abdelbasset Walid Kamal
Published: June 2022

The most common complication of burn injuries is scar formation, which causes structural and cosmetic impairment. Between 1 and 3 months after an injury, hypertrophic scarring develops. Hypertrophic scarring caused by surgical operations, trauma, and particularly burns is a source of worry for patients and a difficult problem for practitioners. Burn scars can cause aesthetic and functional problems, resulting in limitations in activities of daily living. They can substantially impact one's quality of life, both functionally and cosmetically. Despite using many therapeutic techniques, scar control remains a significant concern. Pharmacological and physical therapy, as well as surgical procedures, are used with varying degrees of success and efficacy. New treatments for scar prevention are currently making their way into normal practice, due to the implementation of novel procedures for treating hypertrophic scars and keloids, as are new insights into the pathophysiology of excessive scarring. The purpose of this study was to review different physical therapy modalities that might be effective for the management of hypertrophic scars.
A construção concessiva do Casamento Vermelho: análise de episódio da série Game of Thrones
Authors: Coutinho Mariana de Souza
Published: June 2022

Este artigo apresenta uma análise do episódio conhecido como “Casamento Vermelho” na série televisiva Game of Thrones e na série de livros As Crônicas de Gelo e Fogo, de George R. R. Martin. Com grande repercussão entre os espectadores, a narrativa apresenta uma concessão que causou espanto e debates. Baseado na semiótica francesa, especialmente em sua abordagem tensiva, preconizada por Jacques Fontanille e Claude Zilberberg, este trabalho disseca o episódio a fim de entender como se constrói o efeito de impacto, tanto no episódio como produto em si, quanto na sua tradução, e debate se ele pode se enquadrar no conceito de acontecimento como descrito por Zilberberg.
A cultura do cancelamento no dispositivo midiático: subjetividade e prática de si
Authors: Lopes Michelle Aparecida Pereira
Published: June 2022

De modo geral, a cultura do cancelamento pode ser compreendida como uma prática contemporânea de punição e humilhação pública por meio da qual um usuário de redes sociais perde grande número de seguidores devido ao seu comportamento ou seu dizer. Neste texto, trazemos à discussão a prática do cancelar a partir da observação de postagens do Twitter acerca do cancelamento da rapper Karol Conká durante sua participação na 21ª edição do Big Brother Brasil. Utilizamo-nos das contribuições foucaultianas à Análise de Discurso francesa, partindo da hipótese de que a mídia é um dispositivo de controle dos sujeitos contemporâneos, no qual a cultura do cancelamento tem se mostrado também como uma prática de si.
A dimensão ideológica do Ensino de Português Língua Estrangeira e seus desdobramentos socioculturais
Authors: Oliveira Leonardo de , Oliveira Rafael Junior de , Rocha Nildicéia Aparecida
Published: June 2022

Este artigo discute o Ensino de Português Língua Estrangeira (EPLE) ministrado nos Centros Culturais das embaixadas brasileiras, abordando duas matérias jornalísticas que acusam o Itamaraty de pressionar professores a utilizarem o material didático Só verbos. Os objetivos desse trabalho são, assim, apontar contribuições teórico-metodológicas do campo bakhtiniano para a área de PLE e analisar como os processos de produção, recepção e circulação do material didático, enquanto construção ideológica, reflete e refrata uma dada realidade social nessa perspectiva de ensino. A metodologia utilizada, de cunho descritivo-interpretativo, apoia-se na perspectiva dialético-dialógica bakhtiniana, tendo como objetos de análise enunciados retirados do material em questão e duas matérias jornalísticas sobre tais enunciados. Baseados no referencial bakhtiniano, especificamente em Volóchinov (2013, 2017) e em Bakhtin (2011) quanto aos conceitos de palavra e de ideologia, os resultados apontam para: 1) Um processo de legitimação social que desencadeia a criação de matérias jornalísticas equivocadas; 2) A divulgação de informações falsas pelo Ministério das Relações Exteriores; e 3) A ênfase num ensino de língua apartado das práticas sociais. Espera-se, portanto, que esse texto promova reflexões teóricas e interpretativas tanto na área de EPLE como das Línguas em geral.
Entrelaçamento sintático do pronome relativo latino
Authors: Lohner José Eduardo dos Santos
Published: June 2022

Este estudo trata de uma das construções sintáticas próprias do pronome relativo latino, em parte observável também em português: um tipo de entrelaçamento sintático pelo qual o relativo funciona como constituinte de uma oração subordinada àquela introduzida por ele. A exposição apresenta, na primeira parte, análises de diferentes ocorrências dessa estrutura em latim, com exemplos paralelos também em português, e na segunda parte, uma breve resenha sobre a presença, ou ausência, desse tópico em algumas sintaxes e gramáticas latinas, e sobre particularidades na sua descrição.
The acceptability of cervical electrical impedance spectroscopy: A mixed methods study examining women’s experiences of a novel test to predict preterm birth
Authors: Stern Victoria , Jones Georgina , Senbeto Sarah , Anumba Dilly
Published: June 2022

Background
Reducing the rate of preterm birth is a cornerstone of global efforts to address child mortality. Existing tests offer imperfect prediction, particularly for universal screening. Cervical electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a novel technique to quantify the ripening changes which precede labour. Mid-trimester EIS measurements have been shown to accurately predict preterm birth in asymptomatic women. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the acceptability of cervical EIS to low and high-risk women undergoing screening during a larger prospective trial.
Methods
In this parallel convergent mixed methods study, 40 women completed questionnaires before and after screening tests (EIS, cervical length measurement and fetal fibronectin quantification). Quantitative outcomes were anxiety levels before and after screening (Spielberger State Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI-6), pain (Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire) and ratings of EIS device appearance and test acceptability (visual analogue scales). Twenty-one women (11 high-risk, 10 low-risk) also attended a semi-structured qualitative interview. Interviews were recorded and transcribed, then thematic analysis was performed. A convergence coding matrix was constructed to enable triangulation of quantitative and qualitative results.
Results
High risk women demonstrated a significant reduction in anxiety following screening (mean STAI-6 score 34.5 vs. 29.0, p = 0.002). A similar trend was observed among low-risk participants. Ratings of pain, EIS device appearance and procedural acceptability did not differ between groups. Mean pain ratings were low (visual analogue scale 0.97 and 1.01), comparing favourably to published evaluations of conventional screening tests. Qualitative analysis provided insight into both the physical consequences and emotional experiences of screening. Additional determinants of the screening experience included device design, pre-existing perspectives on intimate examination, attitudes to knowledge in pregnancy and interaction with clinical staff. Finally, a range of practical considerations regarding wider use of EIS were identified, with valuable complementary detail regarding acceptability for use in antenatal care.
Conclusions
Cervical EIS is well tolerated and acceptable to both low and high-risk women. These results provide useful insights to inform the design of future study and screening protocols
Te Waikoropupu Springs and the Arthur Marble Aquifer, New Zealand: flow contributions and nitrate sources
Authors: Williams Paul W.
Published: June 2022

This paper investigates sources of early signs of nitrate pollution in a major karst spring. Te Waikoropupu Springs are the largest springs in New Zealand and amongst the largest in the Southern Hemisphere with a mean outflow of 13.4 m3/s. They discharge the clearest water ever recorded from a karst spring, but early warning of water quality deterioration is signalled by increasing nitrate concentrations. The springs discharge water from a partly artesian reservoir of 2.85 km3 volume in karstified Ordovician marble with a transmission time averaging 7.9 years. Reservoir porosity is unusually high for a crystalline carbonate rock, estimated as 5-7%. Water emerging at Main Spring and adjacent Fish Creek Springs is a mix of recharge from four main sources. The paper investigates by means of mass balance modelling the proportions of water coming from each source and the origins of nitrate contamination. Water losses into the bed of the upper Takaka River, about 17 km from the Springs, provide 19% of mean flow at Main Spring, 36% of flow at Fish Creek Springs, and 81% of the volume discharged at submarine springs. Rain falling over farmed land in the central valley is estimated to contribute 8.4% of total outflow at Main Spring and Fish Creek Springs but to carry 85% of the NO3 -N output discharged at the springs. A 34% reduction of leachate concentration in the central valley would be required to bring NO3-N values at Main Spring back to levels recorded in the 1970s.
LMI Based Synchronization Control of Nonlinear Affine Fractional Order Chaotic Systems Considering Input Constraint
Authors: Soleimanizadeh Ali , Nekoui Mohammad Ali , Shoorehdeli Mahdi Aliyari
Published: June 2022

This paper deals with synchronization problem of chaotic nonlinear fractional order systems with input saturation constraint. To develop the idea, at first a generlized sector condition and a memory-less nonlinear function are employed to deal with the saturation problem. Then a new state feedback controller is designed to achieve synchronization in master-slave chaotic fractional order nonlinear systems with input saturation. The stability of the closed-loop system is guaranteed using Lyapunov theory and sufficient stability conditions are formulated in terms of caputo fractional derivative of a quadratic Lyapunov function and Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMI) . Finally, to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme, some simulation results are employed to show the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
Creation of Philadelphia chromosome by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated double cleavages on BCR and ABL1 genes as a model for initial event in leukemogenesis
Authors: Tamai Minori , Fujisawa Shinichi , Nguyen Thao , Komatsu Chiaki , Kagami Keiko , Kamimoto Kenji , Omachi Kohei , Kasai Shin , Harama Daisuke , Watanabe Atsushi , Akahane Koshi , Goi Kumiko , Naka Kazuhito , Kaname Tadashi , Teshima Takanori , Inukai Takeshi
Published: June 2022

The Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome was the first translocation identified in leukemia. It is supposed to be generated by aberrant ligation between two DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) at the BCR gene located on chromosome 9q34 and the ABL1 gene located on chromosome 22q11. Thus, mimicking the initiation process of translocation, we induced CRISPR/Cas9-mediated DSBs simultaneously at the breakpoints of the BCR and ABL1 genes in a granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) dependent human leukemia cell line. After transfection of two single guide RNAs (sgRNAs) targeting intron 13 of the BCR gene and intron 1 of the ABL1 gene, a factor-independent subline was obtained. In the subline, p210 BCR::ABL1 and its reciprocal ABL1::BCR fusions were generated as a result of balanced translocation corresponding to the Ph chromosome. Another set of sgRNAs targeting intron 1 of the BCR gene and intron 1 of the ABL1 gene induced a factor-independent subline expressing p190 BCR::ABL1. Both p210 and p190 BCR::ABL1 induced factor-independent growth by constitutively activating intracellular signaling pathways for transcriptional regulation of cell cycle progression and cell survival that are usually regulated by GM-CSF. These observations suggested that simultaneous DSBs at the BCR and ABL1 gene breakpoints are initiation events for oncogenesis in Ph + leukemia. (200/200 words)
A Novel Hybrid SDR-Regression based Early Termination Processes for the Fully Parallel Turbo Decoder for LTE
Authors: Beeharry Yogesh
Published: June 2022

The fully parallel Turbo decoder has been developed in view to meet the requirements for next generation telecommunication systems. Given the slight increase in computational complexity as compared to the conventional serial decoder, there is still the need to fill this gap. As such, this paper presents early termination processes for the fully parallel Turbo decoder. The results demonstrate a slight degradation in error performance with the proposed hybrid scheme as compared to the conventional stand-alone early stopping mechanisms. The degradation in BER is around 0.5 dB on average below a BER of 10− 3 when a block length of 3072 is considered. For a block length of 6144, the degradation is less than 0.2 dB on average below a BER of 10− 1. Interestingly, the degradation in error performance decreases with increasing block length. Results for average number of decoding iterations reveal that the proposed scheme inherits the performance trends of both SDR and regression analysis based early stopping schemes. Additionally, the number of iterations for the hybrid scheme is lower than both conventional schemes throughout the full Eb/N0 region simulated. When considering a block length of 3072 and the Eb/N0 value of 2.0 dB, the proposed scheme uses 16 and 3 iterations less than the regression analysis and SDR based early stopping mechanisms respectively. In the case of a block length of 6144 and the Eb/N0 value of 2.0 dB, the proposed scheme uses 13 and 2 iterations less than the regression analysis and SDR based early stopping mechanisms respectively.
Post Occupancy Evaluation of Housing Reconstruction After Cyclone Sidr
Authors: Kamruzzaman Md. , Harun-Or-Rashid G. M. , Chakrabartty Mithun , Castro Juan Jose
Published: June 2022

Post occupancy evaluation of housing reconstruction after a disaster is imperative for every nation that pushes ahead the idea of resilient housing, which is obligatory for the social, cultural, and economic growth of a society or a country. Cyclone SIDR is the most dreadful of all catastrophes that have struck Bangladesh and aftermath of this catastrophe, a number of donor organizations stepped up to help victims by providing housing solutions. The aim of this study is to effectiveness analysis of the housing reconstruction programs from planning and construction standpoints with a post occupancy framework. Based on three months of detailed field survey at the mostly devastated location of cyclone SIDR, Southkhali Union (small rural area) of Sarankhola Upazila (sub-district) of Bagerhat District, this research infers that the donor organizations didn’t pay much attention in terms of choice, need and decision-making role to provide reconstructed houses for the target beneficiaries. The study found that about 78% of the reconstructed houses hold dissatisfaction of the beneficiaries. As a result, people prompt to transform or modify 54% of the ‘Donor Driven’ houses according to their choice and need soon after completion of the project. Another 16% donor driven house remained abandoned and rest 8% demolished. On the other hand, owner driven houses are functionally perfect, affordable, use locally available natural materials with resilient planning and construction features which reduces disaster vulnerability and sustains for long time in comparison with donor driven houses.
The role of domain size and the weight ratio of fullerene and non-fullerene acceptors on performance of PM6:Y6: PCBM ternary solar cell.
Authors: Piralaee Mina , Asgari Asghar
Published: June 2022

Recently, ternary solar cells have developed as a vital photovoltaic-technology since they combine the advantages of both single junction and tandem solar cells with their processing simplicity, mechanical flexibility, and lightweight. In this paper, we have investigated the role of domain size and the weight ratio of fullerene and non-fullerene acceptor on the performance of ternary blended PM6:Y6: PCBM organic solar cell. Using the effective medium approach and assuming the ternary blend of donor/acceptor1/acceptor2 nanocomposite as an effective integrated active layer, along with augmented Drift-diffusion formalism for the active layer of the organic solar cell, we have modeled the performance parameters of the device. The results show that the conversion efficiency of ternary solar cells depends on the distribution and size of both fullerene and non-fullerene acceptor domains. There are some optimal domain sizes where the optimum solar cell performance occurs. The obtained model results are in good agreement in comparison with experimental studies.
Pyrolysis of Polyolefins into Chemicals using Low-cost Natural Zeolites
Authors: Irawan Anton , Kurniawan Teguh , Nurkholifah N , Melina M. , Nandiyanto Asep Bayu Dani , Firdaus Mochamad Adha , Alwan Hafid , Bindar Yazid
Published: June 2022

Massive production of disposable plastic that is not supported with proper plastic waste management has created an environmental problem. One solution that could be done to address this situation is by transforming plastics into chemicals through pyrolysis route. An experimental study of pyrolysis from polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) has been done by catalytic method and utilization of low-cost natural zeolite in a semi-batch reactor. A low-cost natural zeolite made from acid-treated zeolite with 1 M HCl solution denoted as HZ. The prepared HZ catalyst was then carried out under pyrolysis reaction at 350, 400, 450 oC for 60 minutes. The chemical products composition from this reaction was analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). According to the analysis result, a low-temperature reaction of pyrolysis could produce wax in all variant types of feed. Utilization of HZ catalyst could reduce formation wax while also increasing the yield of oil products after the reaction. Catalytic pyrolysis using HZ for PE and PP plastic feed yields oil products up to 67% and 70%, respectively. The composition of oil products mainly consisted of paraffin, olefin, and alcohol compounds. The temperature optimum for the catalytic reaction could produce the highest paraffin and olefin products at 400°C. Additionally, utilization of low-cost natural zeolite could improve pyrolysis reaction's performance from PP to produce yield olefin products from 39–62%.
Network Analysis Reveals Tumor Suppressor lncRNA GAS5 Acts as a Double-edged Sword in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Gupta Shantanu , Panda Pritam Kumar , Luo Wei , Hashimoto Ronaldo F. , Ahuja Rajeev
Published: June 2022

The lncRNA GAS5 acts as a tumor suppressor and is downregulated in gastric cancer (GC). In contrast, E2F1, an important transcription factor, and tumor promoter, directly inhibits miR-34c expression in GC cell lines. Furthermore, in the corresponding GC cell lines, lncRNA GAS5 directly targets E2F1. However, lncRNA GAS5 and miR-34c remain to be studied in conjunction with GC. Here, we present a dynamic Boolean network to classify gene regulation between these two non-coding RNAs in GC. This is the first study to show that lncRNA GAS5 can positively regulate miR-34c in GC through a previously unknown molecular pathway coupling lncRNA/miRNA. We compared our network to several in-vivo/in-vitro experiments and obtained an excellent agreement. We revealed that lncRNA GAS5 regulates miR-34c by targeting E2F1. Additionally, we found that lncRNA GAS5, independently of p53, inhibits GC proliferation through the ATM/p38 MAPK signaling pathway. These findings open a new avenue for GC treatment.
Potential Impact of Global Warming on Electricity Demand in Niger
Authors: BONKANEY Abdou Latif , Abiodun Babatunde J. , Sanda Ibrah Seidou
Published: June 2022

The present study examines the potential impact of climate change on daily electricity demand (DED) and climate variables in Niger at specific Global Warming Levels (GWL1.5, GWL2.0, GWL2.5, and GWL3.0). The principal component analysis (PCA) and the Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) model was utilized to build the electricity demand model. Furthermore, fourteen (14) regional climate models from the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) were used for the study. The ability of the model ensemble-mean in reproducing the annual cycle of the climate variables was evaluated. The impact of climate change at specific GWLs on electricity demand and each climate variable is quantified. The MLR predicted the demand with a coefficient of determination R 2 equals to 0.808 and a root mean square error (RMSE) equals to 149.87. The residuals analysis indicated that the model complies with the regressions assumptions. The models projected an increase of electricity demand at all the GWLs. More than 75% of the models agree on the noticeable change in electricity demand. The results of the study showed how climate services could be used to quantify the impacts of climate change on electricity demand. This has application on providing useful information for policymakers regarding the potential impacts of climate change in the energy sector
Eruption of Nyiragongo Volcano on May 22, 2021 Release of So2 and Co2 Into the Atmosphere
Authors: Habari Faustin S. , Rusimbuka Marcel B. , Munguiko Olivier M.
Published: June 2022

Nyiragongo Volcano is located in the western part of the African Rift. Deep fractures allow gas upwelling during passive and active periods. This study presents the variability of sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentration measured at the Rusayo site and carbon dioxide (CO2) measured at five separate sites (Bugarura and Munigi) and the seismic activity, most of these measurements were made before and after the eruption. The peak concentrations of SO2 and CO2 correlate well with the tremor measured continuously on the volcano. The Nyiragongo volcano erupted on the evening of Saturday, May 22, 2021 at 6:15 pm local time in Goma. Lava flowed in two directions from the flanks of the Nyiragongo volcano, killing 32 people, destroying 17 villages in the Nyiragongo territory, and cracking the ground in the city of Goma and Gisenyi. The Nyiragongo volcano is infamous for its extremely fluid lava that flows like water when the lava lake flows. Nyiragongo is a major contributor of SO2 and CO2 to the atmosphere. Note that this eruption of 2021 is similar to the one of 2002, which caused the death of a hundred people and the evacuation of many people, the most deadly date of 1977, had killed more than 600 people. The earthquakes were felt, after the eruption May 22, 2021 the strongest had a magnitude of 5.2.
Healthcare Costs of Mental Health Conditions among Commercially Insured Cancer Survivors in the United States, 2012-2017
Authors: Khushalani Jaya Shankar , Lunsford Natasha Buchanan , Ekwueme Donatus U. , Rodriguez Juan , Hesgrove Brandon , Smith Judith Lee , Ragan Kathleen
Published: June 2022

Purpose
Only one-third of cancer survivors with a mental health condition receive mental health services for these conditions. Non-receipt of care may be associated, in part, with financial burden. This study compares the costs of all health care services received by cancer survivors with and without mental health conditions and examines the insurer and out-of-pocket (OOP) costs for mental health services among cancer survivors. We also examine variation in these costs by clinical, demographic, and socioeconomic factors.
Methods
We used the MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters Database 2012–2017 to compute adjusted annual costs reported in 2019 US$. Adjusted costs were estimated using the two-part model with age, sex, and number of comorbid conditions as independent variables.
Results
Cancer survivors with mental health conditions incur an additional $8,376 in total costs and $287 in OOP costs for all health care services compared to those without. Cancer survivors had higher total costs for mental health services, especially prescription drugs, compared to those without cancer or other chronic conditions. Costs vary by type of mental health condition, cancer type, demographics, and socioeconomic characteristics of the area where the patient resides.
Conclusions
Cancer survivors with mental health conditions incur higher healthcare costs than those without mental health conditions. These costs vary by demographic and socioeconomic factors. Targeting community and population specific interventions for cancer survivors with mental health conditions who are incurring the highest healthcare costs may help improve utilization of mental health services.
Projected climate change impact on immature albacore tuna habitats in the Indian Ocean by using sea surface temperature and chlorophyll data: Ensemble forecasting
Authors: Mondal Sandipan , Hsu Jhen , Lee Ming-An , Nguyen Manh-Linh , Wang Yi-Chen , Sambah Abu Bakar , Mondal Biraj Kanti
Published: June 2022

This study employed an arithmetic mean model with sea surface temperature and chlorophyll data (2-month lag) to determine the projected impact of climate change on the immature albacore tuna habitat in the Indian Ocean. Albacore tuna fishing data from Taiwanese longline fishery from 2000 to 2016 were used. Standardization of the nominal catch per unit effort data was performed to prevent bias and overestimation resulting from various temporal and spatial factors. In the Indian Ocean, potential immature albacore habitats exhibited significant habitat suitability index (HSI) changes in response to future climate change levels. As the water stratifies in a projected warm climate, low HSI areas were enlarged, and potential immature albacore habitats exhibited a net southward shift. Although the CMIP5 climate model sea surface temperature projections generated different HSI patterns for immature albacore, our results from the ensemble median immature albacore habitat forecasts provided information useful for assessing risks and adaptation strategy options for albacore fishery resources under climate change. The trends of the potential immature albacore habitat distribution could also be cautiously used to inform resource stakeholders’ decisions.
In situ 3D printing of liquid metal-hydrogel hybrid for multifunctional soft bioelectronics and devices
Authors: Jiao Caicai , Li Liangtao , Wang Qian , Hong Weili , Chen Xing , Chang Lingqian , Wang Xinpeng , Wang Yang , Sun Kang , Hu Liang , Fan Yubo
Published: June 2022

Hydrogel bioelectronics have gain intensive attention due to its excellent biocompatibility, mechanically compliance and multifunctional modifiability. However, current difficulties, such as interconnection issues with metallic interface, deficient fabrication strategies still pose great challenges for developing function-integrated hydrogel bioelectronics. Here, a facile in-situ 3D printing method is developed to fabricate liquid metal (LM)-hydrogel hybrid structures, in which single or multilayer LM patterns are 3D-printed and encapsulated in ionic hydrogel after one-step cross-link. Combining the advantages of both LM and ionic hydrogel, this universal strategy allows the quick fabrication of soft bioelectronics or devices with diverse functions including LM-hydrogel hybrid circuits with mobilizable electrical connection, multi-mode pressure sensors, soft and biocompatible electrical stimulator for excitable cells and tissues and iontophoresis-assisted antibacterial dressing. Such LM-hydrogel hybrid fabricated via the convenient and quick in-situ 3D printing method set up a universal but multifunctional platform for the wide range development of hydrogel bioelectronics and devices.
Analysis and Interpretation of Natural Variations in Water Table and Groundwater Recharge of Coastal Aquifer System in the Coastal Plain of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Authors: Rorig Fernando Schuh , Reginato Pedro Antônio Roehe
Published: June 2022

This paper presents the results of recharge estimation and water table variation analyses of the Coastal Aquifer System, located in the Rio Grande do Sul Coastal Plain (Brazil). Water level data from 11 wells was processed and analyzed from May 2014 to Apr 2020, applying autocorrelation and cross-correlation methods to evaluate the aquifer memory effect and mean response time to rainfall events, respectively. The seasonality of the response time was observed through splitting the data series in windows of 90 days, overlapped by 45 days. Recharge rates were obtained with the Water Table Fluctuation (WTF) daily applications (RISE and MRC), considering specific yields of 20%, 25% and 30%. Water level data smoothing with moving averages and time series filters were necessary, to remove level rises not associated with precipitation events within the aquifer average response time, The autocorrelation and cross-correlation displayed fast, intermediate, and slow responses for the wells, with median response times for the time windows from 0 and 1 days (wells in aquifer layers of fine to medium sands) to 10 days (wells in aquifer layers of higher clay content). The recharge rates of 0,74 to 2,42 mm/day and Recharge/Precipitation ratios from 19–46% were obtained (Sy = 25%, mean between RISE and MRC results). The study presents the importance of level data processing and filtering to daily WTF applications and displays the differences in the behavior of the wells in the Coastal Aquifer System.
Room temperature synthesis of water-soluble spherical particles of a uniform diameter composed of carbon nanobelts and C60 molecules
Authors: Choi Sieun , Kurosu Shunji , Mashiko Yuta , Minakawa Takanobu , Maekawa Toru
Published: June 2022

A carbon nanobelt (CNB) is a loop of fused benzene rings and in a sense a cutout of a single-walled carbon nanotube. Various types of CNBs have been successfully synthesized in recent years and CNBs have been utilized for the development of practical devices. A C60 molecule is a football shaped fullerene composed of 60 carbon atoms. Patterns and structures formed by atoms, molecules and particles via bottom-up self-assembly are of great interest and importance not only from a scientific point of view but for the design and production of functional materials and devices, the size of which ranges from nano to macroscopic scales. Colloidal particles are commonly used/utilized in mechanical, chemical and biophysical/biochemical/biomedical engineering, where size uniformity and mono dispersibility of the particles in the solvent, particularly in water, become crucial factors. In this study, we investigate secondary structures formed by (6,6)CNBs and C60 molecules, which are dissolved in 1,2-dichlorobenzene. We find that uniform spherical particles are formed by (6,6)CNBs and C60 molecules in 1,2-dichlorobenzene at room temperature via bottom-up self-assembly, setting the molar concentrations of (6,6)CNBs and C60 molecules at appropriate values, and furthermore those particles are monodisperse even in water. The present facile room temperature synthetic methodology may well be applied to the creation of nano/micro structures/materials using basic carbon nano units such as cycloparaphenylene (CPP, carbon nanorings) and fullerenes; e.g., C60, C70 and C59N.
An Experimental Study on Uplift Capacity of Axisymmetric Plate Anchors in Well Graded Sand at Different Relative Density and Embedment Ratio
Authors: Soni Vivek. A. , Parmar Samirsinh
Published: June 2022

Earth anchors of different types are used in various geotechnical applications to provide uplift resistance and structural stability against axial and lateral forces. Earth anchors are primarily designed to resist pull-out force. The pull-out resistance depends upon various factors such as anchor type, the shape of an anchor, direction of application of pull-out force, density of soil, etc. Various theoretical development occurred in the past few decades where the above factors are considered in a different quantitative manner. The present study aims to compare the theoretical development of different theories for horizontal plate anchors and the influence of the factors contributing to uplift resistance by both analytical and theoretical methods. The comparative summary is provided for respective analytical methods and factors considered to calculate uplift resistance. Scaled model test performed on circular axisymmetric horizontal plate anchor in cohesionless soil. Uplift load versus embedment ratio was analyzed for different theoretical methods. The analytical results were compared to both experimental and Plaxis 2D software results. The Plaxis 2D gives the most conservative results and Down and Cheiurzzi propose the highest uplift load for the same embedment ratio. Finally, the relationship between the angle of internal friction (ϕ) to uplift cone angle (θ) is proposed for the type of soil used in this study for two different plate sizes. Results of the Experimental Laboratory Test show that Uplift Load (Qu) increases with increased Embedment Depth and Relative Density. Analytical theories like Meyerhof& Adams, Downs & Chieurzzi, Saeedy’s & Balla’s gave nearer higher values whereas Veesaert & Clemence’s gave nearer low Uplift Load (Qu)compared with Experimental ones. For F.E.M-based software Plaxis (2D) gave lower Uplift Load (Qu) than Experimental ones.
Glycolysis optimization of different complex PET waste with recovery and reuse of ethylene glycol
Authors: Aguado Alicia , Becerra Lucía , Martínez Lidia
Published: June 2022

The poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is a thermoplastic polyester, non-degradable in the environment that due to the huge amount of waste generated and accumulated in the environment, chemical recycling through glycolysis is considered the most successful method for polymer recycling. In this work, glycolysis of virgin PET and different PET waste (highly colored PET, multilayer PET and municipal sorting waste PET) is carried out using excess ethylene glycol in the presence of zinc acetate as catalyst. Glycolysis temperature, glycolysis time, amount of catalyst and amount of solvent are important factors affecting the glycolysis of PET waste. A Taguchi orthogonal array L9, 34, is applied to study the main interactions between these factors to optimise the yield. The process results in a good yield (79–88%) to the monomer, bis (2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET), with optimum conditions. One of the inconvenient of the glycolysis process is the excessive use of EG so the recovery and reuse of the remaining EG from the process is studied in order to optimise the glycolysis of PET waste making it economical and environmentally friendly. BHET is characterized by FTIR and DSC techniques confirming that is a valid and pure monomer.