bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theoretical analysis of quantum random walks with stress-engineered optics
Authors: Liang Kevin , Ariyawansa Ashan , Magaña-Loaiza Omar S. , Brown Thomas G.
Published: December 2019

Quantum random walks (QRWs) are random processes in which the resulting
probability density of the “walker” state, whose movement is governed
by a “coin” state, is described in a nonclassical manner. Previously,
Q-plates have been used to demonstrate QRWs with polarization and
orbital angular momentum playing the roles of coin and walker states,
respectively. In this theoretical analysis, we show how
stress-engineered optics can be used to develop new platforms for
complex QRWs through relatively simple optical elements. Our work
opens up new paths to speed up classical-to-quantum transitions in
robust photonic networks.
Alexandrite: an attractive thin-disk laser material alternative to Yb:YAG?
Authors: Demirbas Umit , Kärtner Franz X.
Published: December 2019

Yb:YAG thin-disk (TD) technology has enabled construction of laser/amplifier systems with unprecedented average/peak power levels, and has become the workhorse of many scientific investigations. On the other hand, for some applications, the narrow emission bandwidth of Yb:YAG limits its potential, and the search for alternative broadband TD gain media with suitable thermo-optomechanical parameters is ongoing. The alexandrite gain medium has a broad emission spectrum centered around 750 nm, possesses thermomechanical strength that even outperforms Yb:YAG, and has unique spectroscopic properties enabling efficient laser operation even at elevated temperatures. In this work, we have numerically investigated the power scaling potential of continuous-wave (cw) alexandrite lasers in TD geometry for the first time. Using a detailed laser model, we have compared the potential cw laser performance of Yb:YAG, Ti:Sapphire, Cr:LiSAF, Cr:LiCAF, and alexandrite thin-disk lasers under similar conditions and show that among the investigated transition metal-doped gain media, alexandrite is the best alternative to Yb:YAG in power scaling studies at room temperature. Our analysis further demonstrates that potentially Ti:Sapphire is also a good alternative TD material, but only at cryogenic temperatures. However, in comparison with Yb:YAG, the achievable laser gain is relatively low for both alexandrite and Ti:Sapphire, which then requires usage of low-loss cavities with small output coupling for efficient cw operation.
High gain in a dual-pass rod-type fiber amplifier
Authors: Lupi Jean-François , Johansen Mette Marie , Michieletto Mattia , Lønborg Christensen Simon , Lægsgaard Jesper
Published: December 2019

Single-pass amplification using rod-type fibers has become a common route to pulsed laser sources around 1030 nm with high average and peak power. Average-power scaling is currently limited by the dynamic thermo-optic phenomenon of “transverse mode instability.” In comparison, double-pass amplifier configurations have not been extensively studied. Recent theoretical and experimental work has shown both static and dynamic mode degradation phenomena, including an unexpected nonlinear polarization rotation effect. Here we present new results obtained with a modified setup using polarization filtering between the first and the second pass. We obtain up to 113 W output power, i.e., more than 40 dB of amplification from a single amplifier module seeded by 10 mW of 20 ps/20 MHz/1030 nm pulses. We observe excellent beam quality and polarization extinction ratio. Finally, we investigate a wide range of seed powers and report a strong increase in the static mode deformation threshold with decreasing seed power. The experimental results are corroborated by numerical simulations.
3D LIDAR imaging using Ge-on-Si single–photon avalanche diode detectors
Authors: Kuzmenko Kateryna , Vines Peter , Halimi Abderrahim , Collins Robert J. , Maccarone Aurora , McCarthy Aongus , Greener Zoë M. , Kirdoda Jarosław , Dumas Derek C. S. , Llin Lourdes Ferre , Mirza Muhammad M. , Millar Ross W. , Paul Douglas J. , Buller Gerald S.
Published: December 2019

We present a scanning light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system incorporating an individual Ge-on-Si single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) detector for depth and intensity imaging in the short-wavelength infrared region. The time-correlated single-photon counting technique was used to determine the return photon time-of-flight for target depth information. In laboratory demonstrations, depth and intensity reconstructions were made of targets at short range, using advanced image processing algorithms tailored for the analysis of single–photon time-of-flight data. These laboratory measurements were used to predict the performance of the single-photon LIDAR system at longer ranges, providing estimations that sub-milliwatt average power levels would be required for kilometer range depth measurements.
Membrane external-cavity surface-emitting laser emitting at 1640  nm
Authors: Jeżewski Bartosz , Broda Artur , Sankowska Iwona , Kuźmicz Aleksandr , Gołaszewska-Malec Krystyna , Czuba Krzysztof , Muszalski Jan
Published: December 2019

We fabricated and characterized a membrane external-cavity surface-emitting laser (MECSEL) emitting at 1640 nm. This is the first, to the best of our knowledge, description of this type of laser emitting at the long-wavelength telecommunication band. Double-sided diamond heat spreaders were used to efficiently dissipate heat. Emission producing 1.2 W of power was demonstrated. We suggest that optimization of the laser has the potential to increase generated power.
High-resolution spectroscopy and laser frequency stabilization using a narrow-linewidth planar-waveguide external cavity diode laser at 1063  nm
Authors: Yoshii Kazumichi , Sakagami Haruki , Yamamoto Hiroki , Okubo Sho , Inaba Hajime , Hong Feng-Lei
Published: December 2019

We demonstrate high-resolution spectroscopy of molecular iodine using the second-harmonic generation of a 1063 nm planar-waveguide external cavity diode laser. The hyperfine components of the

R
(

38

)

32
−
0

transition are observed with a signal-to-noise ratio of approximately 180 over a bandwidth of 1 kHz. The diode laser is frequency-stabilized to the observed hyperfine component

a

10

and achieves a stability at a level of

10

−
13

for averaging time of 1 s. The absolute frequency of the

a

10

hyperfine component of the

R
(

38

)

32
−
0

transition is determined as 564 010 092 161(6) kHz. The frequency-stabilized diode laser has various applications, including optical frequency combs and interferometric measurements.
Kink-based mirrorless quasi-bistability in resonantly absorbing media
Authors: Novitsky Denis V. , Shalin Alexander S.
Published: December 2019

Optical bistability is the basic nonlinear phenomenon mediating the control of light by light, being of ultimate demand for a plethora of applications in laser information technologies. The two most general designs are driven by the presence or absence of an external feedback, among which the mirrorless architecture seems promising, being free of bulky mirrors, resonant cavities, photonic crystals, etc. In this Letter, we propose a method to achieve optical quasi-bistability governed by the formation of specific nonlinear waveforms called “kinks.” We show that a thin layer of the relatively dilute resonant medium specially designed to support kinks could serve as a platform for compact, ultrafast, low-power optical switching. This mechanism does not require high densities of resonant particles specific for the feedback-free devices driven by dipole–dipole interactions, and enhances the overall practical relevance of such devices for optical computing.
BGD-based Adam algorithm for time-domain equalizer in PAM-based optical interconnects
Authors: Wang Haide , Zhou Ji , Liu Weiping , Li Jianping , Huang Xincheng , Liu Long , Liang Weixian , Yu Changyuan , Li Fan , Li Zhaohui
Published: December 2019

To the best of our knowledge, for the first time, we propose an adaptive moment estimation (Adam) algorithm based on batch gradient descent (BGD) to design a time-domain equalizer (TDE) for pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM)-based optical interconnects. The Adam algorithm has been applied widely in the fields of artificial intelligence. For TDE, the BGD-based Adam algorithm can obtain globally optimal tap coefficients without being trapped in locally optimal tap coefficients. Therefore, fast and stable convergence can be achieved by the BGD-based Adam algorithm with low mean square error. Meanwhile, the BGD-based Adam algorithm is implemented by parallel processing, which is more efficient than conventional serial algorithms, such as least mean square and recursive least square algorithms. The experimental results demonstrate that the BGD-based Adam feed-forward equalizer works well in 120-Gbit/s PAM8 optical interconnects. In conclusion, the BGD-based Adam algorithm shows great potential for converging the tap coefficients of TDE in future optical interconnects.
Plasma-free water droplet shattering by long-wave infrared ultrashort pulses for efficient fog clearing
Authors: Rudenko Anton , Rosenow Phil , Hasson Victor , Moloney Jerome V.
Published: December 2019

High-power lasers can be used to clear a foggy or cloudy atmosphere by
exploding and shattering water microdroplets into smaller fragments.
The physics of laser–droplet interaction strongly depend on the
excitation wavelength and pulse duration, and new techniques with
optimized energy requirements that enable lossless long-distance
propagation are urgently needed. In this work, a novel and elegant way
of water droplet shattering by sub-µJ long-wave infrared ultrashort
laser pulses is proposed, making it possible to practically avoid
undesirable electron plasma generation in a water droplet and optical
breakdown in air. A multiphysics study is performed, which takes into
account a hierarchy of physical processes including free carrier
plasma kinetics underpinned by a full-vector nonlinear Maxwell solver
and the thermomechanical dynamics of pressure waves followed by
droplet shattering into smaller fragments described by Navier–Stokes
equations. Our results are crucial both for understanding the
fundamental nature of water excitation with long-wave infrared
radiation and for development of laser applications such as
atmospheric communications.
Super-resolution compressive spectral imaging via two-tone adaptive coding
Authors: Xu Chang , Xu Tingfa , Yan Ge , Ma Xu , Zhang Yuhan , Wang Xi , Zhao Feng , Arce Gonzalo R.
Published: December 2019

Coded apertures with random patterns are extensively used in compressive spectral imagers to sample the incident scene in the image plane. Random samplings, however, are inadequate to capture the structural characteristics of the underlying signal due to the sparsity and structure nature of sensing matrices in spectral imagers. This paper proposes a new approach for super-resolution compressive spectral imaging via adaptive coding. In this method, coded apertures are optimally designed based on a two-tone adaptive compressive sensing (CS) framework to improve the reconstruction resolution and accuracy of the hyperspectral imager. A liquid crystal tunable filter (LCTF) is used to scan the incident scene in the spectral domain to successively select different spectral channels. The output of the LCTF is modulated by the adaptive coded aperture patterns and then projected onto a low-resolution detector array. The coded aperture patterns are implemented by a digital micromirror device (DMD) with higher resolution than that of the detector. Due to the strong correlation across the spectra, the recovered images from previous spectral channels can be used as a priori information to design the adaptive coded apertures for sensing subsequent spectral channels. In particular, the coded apertures are constructed from the a priori spectral images via a two-tone hard thresholding operation that respectively extracts the structural characteristics of bright and dark regions in the underlying scenes. Super-resolution image reconstruction within a spectral channel can be recovered from a few snapshots of low-resolution measurements. Since no additional side information of the spectral scene is needed, the proposed method does not increase the system complexity. Based on the mutual-coherence criterion, the proposed adaptive CS framework is proved theoretically to promote the sensing efficiency of the spectral images. Simulations and experiments are provided to demonstrate and assess the proposed adaptive coding method. Finally, the underlying concepts are extended to a multi-channel method to compress the hyperspectral data cube in the spatial and spectral domains simultaneously.
Competencia intercultural profesional en la atención socio-sanitaria a la población gitana en España
Authors: Arza Porras Javier , Rodríguez Camacho María Félix
Published: December 2019

El Pueblo Gitano es uno de los sectores de las sociedades europeas más afectados por la exclusión social y las desigualdades en salud. En este estudio cualitativo se han analizado las claves para mejorar las competencias interculturales en la atención a la población gitana desde los servicios de salud. Se han realizado 29 entrevistas semiestructuradas a profesionales sociales y sanitarios y 67 a pacientes de etnia gitana. En los resultados se vislumbran dos modelos contrapuestos (modelo de apertura versus modelo de bloqueo), hilvanados en torno a discursos y prácticas como la conciencia intercultural, la mirada integral, las actitudes empáticas, la humanización de la atención, la construcción de alianzas o la proactividad. Las claves para el desarrollo de la competencia intercultural, presentadas en este artículo, pueden ser de utilidad para el diseño de actuaciones formativas y de adaptación intercultural de los recursos.
Análisis comparativo temporal de los procesos de reconocimiento de usos neológicos formales y semánticos
Authors: Varo Varo Carmen
Published: December 2019

En este trabajo nuestro objetivo fundamental es explorar la delimitación entre neología formal y neología de significado, a través de un acercamiento experimental basado en el registro de los tiempos de decisión léxica. Para ello hemos tomado como referencia un conjunto de usos neológicos contextualizados, que representan las principales manifestaciones de ambos tipos. Los resultados de este estudio no sólo nos permiten comprobar las implicaciones de distintas estrategias cognitivas que repercuten en el modo de procesamiento, sino que además nos ayudan a trazar un mapa temporal general de los procesos de reconstrucción de la estructura semántica y formal de la palabra.
Casas Gómez, M. y Hummel, M. (2017): Semántica léxica. Volumen monográfico extraordinario de Rilce. Revista de filología hispánica, 33.3, Pamplona: Universidad de Navarra
Authors: Ramírez Salado Mercedes
Published: December 2019

Reseña de: Casas Gómez, M. y Hummel, M. (2017): Semántica léxica. Volumen monográfico extraordinario de Rilce. Revista de filología hispánica, 33.3, Pamplona: Universidad de Navarra, ISSN: 0213-2370.
En pocas palabras: subjetivación y gramaticalización
Authors: Barroso Ferriz Laura
Published: December 2019

El presente análisis pretende dar cuenta del proceso de gramaticalización que ha sufrido la construcción sintáctica “en pocas palabras” a lo largo de la historia del español, desde los orígenes del idioma hasta nuestros días, teniendo en cuenta las dos funciones que podía desempeñar: la de complemento adjunto y la de marcador del discurso. Asimismo, se persigue delimitar cuáles son aquellas características estructurales recurrentes, tanto en los casos en los que esta unidad lingüística funciona como complemento adjunto como en los que desempeña la función de marcador discursivo. Para ello, extraeremos aquellos casos que proporcionan los corpus lingüísticos CORDE y CREA, mediante los cuales fundamentaremos nuestras afirmaciones.
Propuesta microestructural para un diccionario de especialidad lexicográfica
Authors: Camacho Niño Jesús
Published: December 2019

El objetivo de esta investigación es presentar un modelo de microestructura para un diccionario de especialidad lexicográfica basado en el enfoque ofrecido por la Teoría funcional de la lexicografía. Para alcanzar la meta propuesta, en primer lugar, se propone una selección de datos lexicográficos y, segundo lugar, se presenta la estructura interna del artículo lexicográfico. Según la Teoría funcionad de la lexicografía, los diccionarios cumplen distintos tipos de funciones que dependen de varios factores: usuarios, situaciones extralexicográficas y necesidades lexicográficamente relevantes. Con esto, el diccionario planteado desarrolla dos funciones principalmente: comunicativa y cognitiva, es decir, auxilia en la producción y recepción de textos especializados en lexicografía y facilita la adquisición de conocimientos especializados en la materia. A su vez, la presencia de estas funciones determina, por un lado, los datos lexicográficos que se incluirán en la microestructura y, por otro lado, su presentación en la interfaz lexicográfica.
La expresión de emociones a través de la metáfora: análisis contrastivo español-italiano
Authors: Muñoz Medrano María Cándida
Published: December 2019

Tras realizar una aproximación a la relación entre metáfora y fraseología, nos centramos en cómo se produce la conceptualización de determinadas emociones en español e italiano. Realizamos un análisis a través de un corpus de unidades fraseológicas, que contienen fundamentalmente metáforas que expresan emociones derivadas de experiencias protagonizadas por el propio cuerpo. La similitud de tales experiencias sirve para comprobar que en ambas culturas no existen diferencias significativas en cuanto a la expresión de las emociones analizadas. El objetivo perseguido es comparar el modo en que estas emociones se conceptualizan a través de estructuras metafóricas. Para tal propósito aplicamos los principios teóricos generales de la semántica cognitiva a los datos que resultan de la fraseología que conceptualiza estas emociones y organizamos unos modelos icónicos jerarquizados, formados por archimetáforas y metáforas particulares, procedimiento que podría resultar relevante también en otros campos nocionales.
Quantum Functional Energy Medicine: The Next Frontier of Restorative Medicine
Authors: Gonzalez Michael J. , Sutherland Elizabeth , Olalde Jose
Published: December 2019

Living systems may be thought of as complex, nonlinear, dynamic, self-organizing energetic and field phenomena with negative entropy. At the highest level of organization, each life form may possess an innate biologic field, or biofield. This energy field maintains the integrity of the whole organism; regulates its physiologic and biochemical responses; and is integral to development, healing, and regeneration. Energy medicine refers to several systems that work with energy fields of the body to help restore health. Many energy-related therapies challenge the current biomedical paradigm because they cannot be explained by conventional biochemical or physiological mechanisms. Quantum physics is a better paradigm with which to understand these therapies.
Sulfamethazine contamination level and exposure assessment in domestic and imported poultry meats in Jordan
Authors: Awaisheh Saddam S. , Khalifeh Mohammad S. , Rahahleh Razan J. , Al-Khaza'leh Ja'far M. , Algroom Rania M.
Published: December 2019

Background and Aim: Sulfamethazine (SMZ) is an important and widely used antibiotic in poultry industry due to its high efficacy in fighting diseases and promoting growth. In addition, SMZ is a possible human carcinogen and has been found in many food types including poultry meat. Accordingly, this study aimed to survey the contamination level and estimated daily intake (EDI) of SMZ in domestic and imported poultry meat samples in Jordan.

Materials and Methods: A total of 120 samples; 60, 30, and 30 of fresh and frozen domestic and frozen imported poultry samples, respectively, were collected from different cities in Jordan. Poultry samples were analyzed for SMZ incidence rate and contamination level using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. EDI values were calculated from the SMZ concentration, average poultry daily consumption rate, and adult body weight (b.w.).

Results: Of the 120 surveyed samples, 20 samples (16.7%) were SMZ violative positive and exceeded the European Union maximum limit (100 μg/kg) and accordingly were unfit for human consumption. Whereas, 51 samples (42.5%) were with SMZ concentrations of 10-100 μg/kg. The average SMZ concentration was 235.58 μg/kg, with a range of 11.47-800 μg/kg poultry meat. It is also noteworthy the high EDI of SMZ by Jordanian adults, 0.286 μg SMZ/kg b.w./day. Moreover, results prevailed that the highest SMZ incidence rate and contamination level were for imported poultry samples followed by domestic poultry samples, which may indicate that SMZ contamination in poultry meat is an international issue.

Conclusion: The current study prevailed high SMZ incidence rate, contamination level, and EDI values, which is likely due to indiscriminate use of SMZ in poultry production. Results also prevailed the high risk that consumers in Jordan may expose due to SMZ residues. Therefore, more strict program and good agricultural practices should be applied to monitor antibiotic withdrawal periods in animals used for human consumption to ensure the legal residue requirements of these antibiotics.
O INSTITUTO JURÍDICO DA SEGURANÇA HÍDRICA E A NECESSIDADE DE UM AJUSTE NORMATIVO E JURISPRUDENCIAL
Authors: Silva José Irivaldo Alves Oliveira , Morato Leite José Rubens
Published: December 2019

A Era do Antropoceno tem na crise ambiental sua principal característica, destacando-se a crise de água como sendo a mais grave. Dessa forma, faltam instrumentos jurídicos que forneçam aos tribunais, ao ministério público e às demais instituições jurídicas uma maior compreensão da crise hídrica vivenciada. Por isso, o presente artigo traz como problema a ausência de um instituto jurídico da segurança hídrica que dê conta da complexidade ambiental, não se restringindo apenas à falta de água, uma vez que não basta ter água, ela precisa ser própria para os múltiplos usos. O objetivo central é justamente apresentar o contexto de crise ambiental e hídrica e os elementos fundantes para elaboração de uma definição jurídica mais precisa de segurança hídrica. Para isso, realizou-se pesquisa bibliográfica, com acesso a dados secundários em documentos e jurisprudência dos tribunais. Verificou-se que os tribunais ainda não compreendem a complexidade da crise hídrica
Stage-Specific Sensitivity of Fecal Immunochemical Tests for Detecting Colorectal Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Niedermaier Tobias , Balavarca Yesilda , Brenner Hermann
Published: December 2019

OBJECTIVE:

Fecal immunochemical tests (FITs) detect the majority of colorectal cancers (CRCs), but evidence for variation in sensitivity according to the CRC stage is sparse and has not yet been systematically synthesized. Thus, our objective was to systematically review and summarize evidence on the stage-specific sensitivity of FITs.

METHODS:

We screened PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from inception to June 14, 2019, for English-language articles reporting on the stage-specific sensitivity of FIT for CRC detection using colonoscopy as a reference standard. Studies reporting stage-specific sensitivities and the specificity of FIT for CRC detection were included. Summary estimates of sensitivity according to the CRC stage and study setting (screening cohorts, symptomatic/diagnostic cohorts, and case-control studies) were derived from bivariate meta-analysis.

RESULTS:

Forty-four studies (92,447 participants including 3,034 CRC cases) were included. Pooled stage-specific sensitivities were overall very similar but suffered from high levels of imprecision because of small case numbers when calculated separately for screening cohorts, symptomatic/diagnostic cohorts, and case-control studies. Pooled sensitivities (95% confidence intervals) for all studies combined were 73% (65%–79%) for stage-I-CRCs and 80% (74%–84%), 82% (77%–87%), and 79% (70%–86%) for the detection of CRC stages II, III, and IV, respectively. Even substantially larger variation was seen in sensitivity by T-stage, with summary estimates ranging from 40% (21%–64%) for T1 to 83% (68%–91%) for T3-CRC.

DISCUSSION:

Although FITs detect 4 of 5 CRCs at stages II–IV, the substantially lower sensitivity for stage-I-CRC and, in particular, T1 CRC indicates both need and potential for further improvement in performance for the early detection of CRC.
Entre machos e discretos: discursos, identidades homoeróticas masculinas e(m) aplicativos de pegação
Authors: Maués Corrêa Júlia Antônia , Da Silva Cruz Marcos
Published: December 2019

A pós-modernidade e os aplicativos móveis enfatizaram a complexidade do processo de articulação dos sentidos, identidades e poder, configurados, na situação do homoerotismo, pela imposição do deslocamento para os aplicativos de pegação. Nesse território, destacam-se os usuários defensores da masculinização da identidade homoerótica e promotores da discrição da feminilidade, os machões e discretos, os quais, todavia, têm suas identidades reduzidas ao discurso homogêneo e hegemônico. Apoiados nos pressupostos da teoria queer (Louro, 2001; Borba, 2015; Moita-Lopes, 2006) e da Análise Crítica do Discurso (Chouliarack e Fairclough, 1999; Fairclough, 2001), visamos a compreensão das identidades dos “machões e discretos” no Grindr, problematizando as articulações das diferenças identitárias. Para tal procedimento, investigamos os usuários em Belém do Pará, analisando os perfis e as narrativas identitárias, com entrevistas por meio do bate-papo do aplicativo. Como resultados, a ideia de homogeneidade é efeito de um aparato heterossexista, o qual envolve a inscrição de valores difusos sobre masculinidade, feminilidade, papéis sexuais e performances públicas, inscrevendo os “machões e discretos” em um entre-lugar definido pela debilidade performática e sua projeção no parceiro-em-potencial.  

Palavras-chave: Masculinidade; Masculinização; Homoerotismo; Grindr; Performances.
O MITO DA ALMA GÊMEA E O IMAGINÁRIO DO AMOR EM “MARÍLIA ACORDA”, DE NATALIA BORGES POLESSO
Authors: Paz Bueno Pinto Lucas Dionizio , Fernandes da Rosa Henrique , Linck Piva Mairim
Published: December 2019

Através das possíveis relações entre a teoria do Imaginário embasada por Gilbert Durand (1988), Chevalier e Gheerbrant (1995), e seus aspectos sociais, esse artigo objetiva analisar o conto “Marília acorda”, de Natalia Borges Polesso, presente na coletânea de contos Amora (2015). Partindo da união homoafetiva entre as duas personagens centrais da narrativa, busca-se desdobramentos referentes ao mito do amor de Aristófanes e os símbolos presentes na história dessas mulheres. Além disso, destaca-se provocações sociais causadas pela abordagem da homossexualidade feminina e a intolerância e preconceito que persegue esse grupo há séculos, corroborando para a percepção das aproximações entre crítica social da Literatura e a teoria do Imaginário.
DE FIGURA SIMBÓLICA A EMBLEMA DA EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Araujo Alberto Filipe Ribeiro de Abreu , Araújo Joaquim Machado
Published: December 2019

A figura simbólica do labirinto revela-se um complexo mítico-simbólico extremamente pregnante do imaginário mítico e do imaginário educacional. Este artigo dialoga com autores que estudaram a sua simbólica e construção e indaga sobre as implicações educacionais que decorrem da figura simbólica do labirinto. Tomando o labirinto como emblema da educação entendida como transmutação espiritual, constata que toda a educação iniciática, deve seguir os ensinamentos que dele derivam e criar condições para que o iniciado entre no seu interior, se descubra a si próprio e compreenda o sentido da sua profundidade. Trata-se de um processo mais da ordem da experiência, da descoberta e da aprendizagem do que do ensino, onde o protagonista é o próprio aprendente
CONHECIMENTO COMO FRUTO PROIBIDO NA BIBLIOTECA LABIRÍNTICA DE O NOME DA ROSA
Authors: Costa Cynthia Beatrice
Published: December 2019

Ao traçar um paralelo entre o fruto proibido do Gênesis e o livro proibido em torno do qual gira a trama de O nome da rosa (1980), de Umberto Eco, o presente artigo propõe uma interpretação – ciente de que há diversas outras possíveis – para a biblioteca labiríntica retratada no romance. Em meio ao enfrentamento entre monges que desejam acesso ao conhecimento e monges que interditam esse acesso, julgando-o perigoso, pode-se perceber na abadia criada por Eco alusões à queda de Adão e Eva, que são expulsos do Éden por experimentarem o fruto da árvore do conhecimento do bem e do mal. A partir do estudo de símbolos (BIEDERMAN, 1992; CIRLOT, 2001; FERBER, 2007; TRESSINDER, 2012), de considerações a respeito do mito fundador bíblico (COTTER, 2003; TOWNER, 2001) e de explicações sobre o labirinto dadas pelo próprio autor (1985; 2017), procura-se investigar relações entre proibição, autoridade e conhecimento no contexto do livro.
Anotaciones canónicas sobre la mujer en la Iglesia
Authors: Cortés Diéguez Myriam
Published: December 2019

Las peculiaridades propias de la sociedad eclesial implican que la posición de la mujer en la Iglesia presente características específicas. El artículo trata de ofrecer algunas claves para comprender el lugar de la mujer en la obra de la salvación, especialmente en su condición de laica, haciendo una referencia histórica desde los orígenes del cristianismo hasta nuestros días a las fuentes doctrinales y canónicas principales. En la parte final se tratarán de señalar algunas de las causas que motivan el deficiente peso femenino en asuntos eclesiales.
Gestion dynamique de la nature temporaire en Région bruxelloise
Authors: Lembrée Catherine , Hanssens Jonas , Quadu Fiorella , Hucq Aurélien , Hanin Yves , Born Charles-Hubert
Published: December 2019

La recherche Biodiv.Temp est menée conjointement par le Centre de recherches et d’études pour l’action territoriale (CREAT) et le Séminaire de recherche en droit de l’environnement et de l’urbanisme (SERES) dans le cadre d’un financement Innoviris Anticipate. Cette recherche a pour objectif de fournir les outils juridiques et d’urbanisme nécessaires à l’établissement d’un maillage vert et bleu dynamique et cohérent tout en densifiant l’habitat en tenant compte des dynamiques temporelles et spatiales propres à la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale.
Effects of Alcohol Taxation on Prices: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Pass-Through Rates
Authors: Nelson Jon P. , Moran John R.
Published: December 2019

This paper conducts the first review and meta-analysis for estimates of alcohol excise tax pass-through rates. A total of 30 empirical studies are examined. Several widely cited studies indicate substantial overshifting, suggesting imperfectly-competitive markets for alcohol. The narrative review provides insights for data coverage by country; econometric models; and results for under- or overshifting by beverage. Weighted-averages calculated for two samples show that beer taxes are overshifted and wine-spirits taxes are fully shifted. Meta-regressions corrected for publication bias indicate, however, that full-shifting cannot be rejected for any beverage. Results are useful for alcohol tax policy and future research on optimal taxation and incidence.
Bacterial identification by lipid profiling using liquid atmospheric pressure matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Lellman Sophie E. , Cramer Rainer
Published: December 2019

Background

In recent years, mass spectrometry (MS) has been applied to clinical microbial biotyping, exploiting the speed of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) in recording microbe-specific MS profiles. More recently, liquid atmospheric pressure (AP) MALDI has been shown to produce extremely stable ion flux from homogenous samples and ‘electrospray ionization (ESI)-like’ multiply charged ions for larger biomolecules, whilst maintaining the benefits of traditional MALDI including high tolerance to contaminants, low analyte consumption and rapid analysis. These and other advantages of liquid AP-MALDI MS have been explored in this study to investigate its potential in microbial biotyping.

Methods

Genetically diverse bacterial strains were analyzed using liquid AP-MALDI MS, including clinically relevant species such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Bacterial cultures were subjected to a simple and fast extraction protocol using ethanol and formic acid. Extracts were spotted with a liquid support matrix (LSM) and analyzed using a Synapt G2-Si mass spectrometer with an in-house built AP-MALDI source.

Results

Each species produces a unique lipid profile in the m/z range of 400–1100, allowing species discrimination. Traditional (solid) MALDI MS produced spectra containing a high abundance of matrix-related clusters and an absence of lipid peaks. The MS profiles of the bacterial species tested form distinct clusters using principle component analysis (PCA) with a classification accuracy of 98.63% using a PCA-based prediction model.

Conclusions

Liquid AP-MALDI MS profiles can be sufficient to distinguish clinically relevant bacterial pathogens and other bacteria, based on their unique lipid profiles. The analysis of the lipid MS profiles is typically excluded from commercial instruments approved for clinical diagnostics.
Estimation of the tail-index in a conditional location-scale family of heavy-tailed distributions
Authors: Ahmad Aboubacrène Ag , Deme El Hadji , Diop Aliou , Girard Stéphane
Published: December 2019

We introduce a location-scale model for conditional heavy-tailed distributions when the covariate is deterministic. First, nonparametric estimators of the location and scale functions are introduced. Second, an estimator of the conditional extreme-value index is derived. The asymptotic properties of the estimators are established under mild assumptions and their finite sample properties are illustrated both on simulated and real data.
On the Way to Brexit: From Opt-Outs to Opt-Ins and From Trade to High Politics
Authors: Tsoukalis Loukas
Published: December 2019

In the negotiations with EU-27 following the Brexit referendum, the UK has tried to replace opt-ins with opt-outs. It has over-estimated its own bargaining power and its capacity to divide and rule. High politics has prevailed over economics, and the Irish backstop provision has been the main stumbling block in getting an agreement through the House of Commons. Hard Brexiteers may decide to test EU and Irish resolve to the limit in what could turn out to be a dangerous chicken game.
No Longer “The Economy Stupid”: How Muddled Economics Contributed to a Chaotic Brexit
Authors: Begg Iain
Published: December 2019

The Faustian bargain at the heart of Brexit can be portrayed as a trade-off between enhanced control and economic benefits. Most commentators expect the UK economy to take some sort of hit from leaving the UK, but in the words of one prominent ‘leave’ supporter, it would be a ‘price worth paying’, to regain control over decision-making.

https://www.politicshome.com/news/europe/eu-institutions/news/73963/arron-banks-%C2%A34300-loss-price-worth-paying-brexit.

For convinced Brexiteers, a UK unshackled from the EU will rapidly transform itself to be able to take advantage of opportunities in emerging markets and other dynamic parts of the global economy, while ‘remainers’ see distancing the UK from its largest market as an egregious act of self-harm. Both sides have been culpable of misleading statements. Similar dissembling occurred in relation to the public finances. The article explores how competing, poorly understood and often incoherent interpretations of economic propositions fed into Brexit, leading to misguided policy decisions and confusion in the debates around how to reset the UK’s economic relationship with the EU.
试论早期马华文学语言与中国早期国语的关系
Authors: 英姿 朱 ,   (Yingzi Zhu)
Published: December 2019

文章从早期马华文学（1919–1929）的基本状况及其写作者分类入手，指出五四时期的中国新文学及早期国语通过移植在南洋生根开花，促成了马华新文学与早期华语的形成和发展。通过词形与词义两方面的对比，证明早期华语与早期国语之间存在高度的一致性。文章的基本结论是：早期国语促成并决定了南洋华语的基本面貌。
Fracture mechanisms of softwood under longitudinal tensile load at the cell wall scale
Authors: Wang Dong , Lin Lanying , Fu Feng , Fan Mizi
Published: December 2019

This study was undertaken to elucidate the longitudinal tensile fracture behaviors of softwood at the cell wall scale by means of microscopic analyses. The fracture types of the tracheids at the different fracture surfaces were also distinguished. The results indicated that the main tracheid fracture of the earlywood (EW) sample was transverse transwall breakage. The tracheid fracture process of the transverse transwall breakage was initiated as a fracture in the S2 layer, with the crack propagating into the S1/S2 interface. For the EW/latewood (LW) sample, the strain concentration and initial crack under longitudinal tensile load generally occurred in wood rays in the EW part, which caused the tracheids to experience transverse transwall breakage. The differences in longitudinal and transverse strains between EW and LW under longitudinal tensile load led to shear stress and parallel-to-grain cracks occurring at the growth ring border. When the crack propagated along the wood grain in the EW tissue or growth ring boundary, this resulted in EW longitudinal transwall breakage. However, when the crack propagates along the wood grain in the LW tissue, it could cause the LW tracheid to undergo intrawall breakage, with the crack occurring predominantly at the compound middle lamella (CML)/S1 interface region.
Influence of post weld heat treatment on tensile properties of cold metal transfer (CMT) arc welded AA6061-T6 aluminium alloy joints
Authors: Ramaswamy Addanki , Malarvizhi Sudersanan , Balasubramanian Visvalingam
Published: December 2019

Aluminium alloys of 6xxx series are widely used in the fabrication of light weight structures especially, where high strength to weight ratio and excellent weld-ability characteristics are desirable. Gas metal arc welding (GMAW) is the most predominantly used welding process in many industries due to the ease of automation. In this investigation, an attempt has been made to identify the best variant of GMAW process to overcome the problems like alloy segregation, precipitate dissolution and heat affected zone (HAZ) softening. Thin sheets of AA6061-T6 alloy were welded by cold metal transfer (CMT) and Pulsed CMT (PCMT). Among the two joints, the joint made by PCMT technique exhibited superior tensile properties due to the mechanical stirring action in the weld pool caused by forward and rearward movement of the wire along with the controllable diffusion rate at the interface caused by shorter solidification time. However, softening still exists in the welded joints. Further to increase the joint efficiency and to minimize HAZ softening, the joints were subjected to post weld heat treatment (PWHT). Approximately 10% improvement in the tensile properties had been observed in the PWHT joints due to the nucleation of strengthening precipitates in the weld metal and HAZ.
Prophesying success in the higher education system of multilingual Switzerland
Authors: Zimmermann Martina
Published: December 2019

This paper investigates the conditions under which stakeholders in the higher education system in multilingual Switzerland link expectations of students’ future economic to the development of human capital. Drawing on ethnographic data collected in a project focusing on mobile students crossing linguistic borders within Switzerland, I examine how this expected success in the imagined future is conceptualized, i. e. what kind of learning and which multilingual repertoires are part of the prophesying marketing discourse produced by universities and students alike. I explore how dominant language ideologies are reproduced and transferred into a speculative future, without any adjustment to account for changing market conditions. Juxtaposing institutional and individual discourse, I first argue that understandings of language ideologies are shared, seen as promotional assets translatable into the imagined but unchallenged future of which students as well as universities have a joint vision. Second, I suggest that investigating dominant visions of the future sheds light on which languages are chosen to be taught/learnt at tertiary level and how this offer mirrors the economized perspective adopted in the higher education system. Finally, I conclude that considering time as an analytical dimension contributes to our understanding of how prophesies of the multilingual (and thus marketable) self are discursively constructed in the here and now, and are dominated by certain interests, and I raise the question whether the successful visions we are striving for are ever to be reached in a neoliberal logic in line with the pressure of continuously becoming.
Crystal structure and anti-inflammatory activity of (3E,5E)-1-((4-bromophenyl)sulfonyl)-3-(pyridin-4-ylmethylene)-5-(2-(trifluoromethyl)benzylidene)piperidin-4-one, C25H18BrF3N2O3S
Authors: Bai Xian-Yong , Meng Qing-Guo , Hou Gui-Ge , Hou Yun
Published: December 2019

C25H18BrF3N2O3S, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 9.9295(11) Å, b = 21.755(2) Å, c = 10.2358(11) Å, β = 95.022(10)°, V = 2202.6(4) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0373, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0795, T = 100(1) K.
Insect pollinators of haskap (Lonicera caerulea L.: Caprifoliaceae) in subarctic Canada
Authors: Leung Maria C.-Y. , Forrest Jessica R.K.
Published: December 2019

Recently, the Yukon has seen a large growth in agricultural activity. Crops of commercial interest for local consumption and the export market include domestic berries, especially haskap (Lonicera caerulea L.). However, information on the pollination of these crops in our northern climate is lacking. To begin addressing this knowledge gap, we characterized foraging habits of on-farm bees in southwest Yukon by: 1) identifying pollen collected by bees occupying solitary bee houses; and 2) identifying and counting insect visitors to haskap flowers. Results show that cavity-nesting bees collect a wide variety of pollen including pollen from haskap, and that bumble bees (Bombus spp.) were much more common on haskap flowers than domestic honey bees (Apis mellifera L.), other bee species, syrphid flies, and butterflies. The number of bumble bees per haskap flower was also higher than reported elsewhere in Canada. The ability of bumble bees to be active in cool temperatures and the proximity of the study farms to natural ecosystems likely explain the prevalence of bumble bees in this study. In Yukon, it is still possible to support insect pollinators by maintaining natural areas among agricultural lands. Such undeveloped lands are, at present, typical of agricultural landscapes in subarctic Canada.
Walking your Way to Death. Exploring the Relation Between the Location of Mycenaean Chamber Tombs and Roads in the Argolid
Authors: Efkleidou Kalliopi
Published: December 2019

A persistent issue with the study of Late Bronze Age (ca. 1600–1100 BCE) chamber tombs in Mainland Greece remains our limited understanding of the factors that governed the choice of location for their construction. Mee and Cavanagh (1990) examined various parameters, such as religious beliefs, distance from settlement, the tombs’ use as territorial markers or relation to roads. They remained, however, inconclusive. The present study revisits this theme, but focuses on one of the factors formerly discussed, that is the relation of the tombs’ locations to roads. As the most extensive record of Mycenaean roads is preserved at the settlement of Mycenae in the Argolid and its hinterland, this site is considered to be the best case-study for analysis. In order to ascertain the significance of roads on the locations chosen for the chamber tombs, this paper builds a methodological approach that makes use of GIS-based mobility analysis and historical cartography. The analysis has shown that, at least at Mycenae, issues of accessibility to the tombs did not play as crucial role as the actual performance of rituals such as the funerary procession. It also sheds light on the form funerary processions probably took at Mycenae and on common notions of wheeled traffic use for the transfer of the dead to their tomb.
Being, Appearing, and the Platonic Idea in Badiou and Plato
Authors: Brander Sandy
Published: December 2019

This essay considers the ambiguous sense in which Badiou is a Platonist. It alleviates this ambiguity by considering how two characteristics of Platonism are treated in the metaphysics of Being and Event: (1) the split between being/appearing, and (2) Platonic Ideas. It considers how in Badiou and Plato’s metaphysics the treatment of both these characteristics of Platonism is comparable. Accordingly, it compares both such characteristics in relation to Being and Event and the Theaetetus and Phaedo, and, using concepts from each philosopher, explores three possible ways in which being/appearing and Platonic Ideas may be interrelated, thereby constituting a philosophy of experience. These explorations necessitate parallel consideration of how the sense in which Badiou is a Platonist is determinable by the interrelation of Platonic Ideas with being/appearing in his metaphysics. It is determined that how being/appearing and Platonic Ideas interrelate in Badiou is markedly different from how they do so in Plato, making it questionable whether Badiou is a Platonist in this sense. However, it is indicated that an esoteric sense in which Badiou is a Platonist (the dialectic of the One and the multiple) has been considered throughout this essay, and that more such senses deserve consideration.
The integer cp-rank of 2 × 2 matrices
Authors: Laffey Thomas , Šmigoc Helena
Published: December 2019

We show the cp-rank of an integer doubly nonnegative 2 × 2 matrix does not exceed 11.
Dependence and dependence structures: estimation and visualization using the unifying concept of distance multivariance
Authors: Böttcher Björn
Published: December 2019

Distance multivariance is a multivariate dependence measure, which can detect dependencies between an arbitrary number of random vectors each of which can have a distinct dimension. Here we discuss several new aspects, present a concise overview and use it as the basis for several new results and concepts: in particular, we show that distance multivariance unifies (and extends) distance covariance and the Hilbert-Schmidt independence criterion HSIC, moreover also the classical linear dependence measures: covariance, Pearson’s correlation and the RV coefficient appear as limiting cases. Based on distance multivariance several new measures are defined: a multicorrelation which satisfies a natural set of multivariate dependence measure axioms and m-multivariance which is a dependence measure yielding tests for pairwise independence and independence of higher order. These tests are computationally feasible and under very mild moment conditions they are consistent against all alternatives. Moreover, a general visualization scheme for higher order dependencies is proposed, including consistent estimators (based on distance multivariance) for the dependence structure.

Many illustrative examples are provided. All functions for the use of distance multivariance in applications are published in the R-package multivariance.