bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMPLEMENTARITY OF SAR POLARIMETRY AND TOMOGRAPHY FOR BUILDING DETECTION AND CHARACTERIZATION
Authors: D'Hondt O. , Guillaso S. , Hellwich O.
Published: May 2013

Abstract. In this paper we propose to study the potential of jointly using polarimetric and tomographic SAR data to recognize and localize buildings in complex scenarios. We present extraction methods for both polarimetric and tomographic features. One the one hand, we propose to use the polarimetric bilateral filter that has proved to be a powerful tool to retrieve the polarimetric covariance matrix while reducing speckle and preserving edges. Thus, polarimetric decompositions can be used for physical interpretation. On the other hand, the TomoSNI and TomoSeed algorithms allow to respectively extract interest points and segment geometric primitives in 3D point clouds obtained with tomographic focusing methods. We show how the output of such algorithms could be combined in order to allow the extraction of buildings. We also analyze different issues related to complex scenarios that may impede a correct detection and discuss some possible solutions.
TOWARDS CHANGE DETECTION IN URBAN AREA BY SAR INTERFEROMETRY AND RADARGRAMMETRY
Authors: Dubois C. , Thiele A. , Hinz S.
Published: May 2013

Abstract. Change detection in urban area is an active topic in remote sensing. However, well-dealt subject in optical remote sensing, this research topic is still at an early stage and needs deeper investigations and improvement in what concerns SAR and InSAR remote sensing. Due to their weather and daylight-independency, SAR sensors allow an all-time observation of the earth. This is determining in cases where rapid change detection is required after a natural – or technological – disaster. Due to the high resolution that can be achieved, the new generation of space-borne radar sensors opens up new perspectives for analysing buildings in urban areas. Moreover, due to their short revisiting cycle, they give rise to monitoring and change detection applications. In this paper, we present a concept for change detection in urban area at building level, relying only on SAR- and InSAR data. In this approach, interferometric and radargrammetric SAR data are merged in order to detect changes. Here, we present the overall workflow, the test area, the required data as well as first findings on the best-suited stereo-configurations for change detection.
Cuban Adolescents Requesting Presymptomatic Testing for Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2
Authors: Cruz-Mariño Tania , Velázquez-Pérez Luis , González-Zaldivar Yanetza , Aguilera-Rodríguez Raúl , Velázquez-Santos Miguel , Vázquez-Mojena Yaimé , Estupiñán-Rodríguez Annelié , Laffita-Mesa José Miguel , Reynaldo-Armiñán Rubén , Almaguer-Mederos Luis Enrique , Paneque Milena
Published: May 2013

Since 2001 a program for the presymptomatic testing of families affected with SCA2 has been under development in Cuba. According to the initial protocol, access would be given to nonsymptomatic individuals at 50% risk, over 18 years; nevertheless, eleven minors requested their inclusion in the program. A retrospective and descriptive study based on the analysis of the medical records belonging to these individuals was designed. Being aware of how challenging clinical settings of predictive genetic testing for minors are, this paper reviews their profile, the outcome of the carried out studies, as well as the reproductive option chosen by the gene positive consultands. The mean age at the time of testing was 16.2 years. Nine adolescents completed the protocol (three had positive test results) and two withdrew. They had a distinctive profile; all were females, pregnant, motivated by the risk assessment for their descendants, and interested in PND with termination of the gestation were the fetus a carrier. Nevertheless, once the result of the test is known, the gene positive consultands chose discordant reproductive options. Further research is necessary to assess the long-term psychological impact in both gene positive and gene negative participants, as well as in their parents and at-risk relatives.
Turtle Mountain Deformation Monitoring 2008-2011
Authors: Lo Daniel , Ebeling Axel , Teskey William F. (Bill) , Radovanovic Robert
Published: May 2013

Deformation monitoring was carried out in two epochs on Turtle Mountain, Alberta using a high-precision total station, a terrestrial laser scanner, and geodetic quality GNSS receivers. From the total station observations, coordinates were computed for seven signalized target points in a least-squares network adjustment. Then, a deformation analysis using a multi-parameter transformation was performed to derive movements between epochs. Precise point positioning was performed using GNSS receivers at another set of target points and control points, with another least squares network adjustment performed on this network. Terrestrial laser scanning was performed in the saddle region, with registration via an iterative closest point algorithm performed on the two point clouds to determine movement between the two epochs. Movement into the saddle from North Peak and South Peak was detected by analysis of 2008 and 2011 high-precision total station observations. This movement was also detected by analysis of 2008 and 2011 terrestrial laser scanner observations. Movement of 10 of 18 target points on Turtle Mountain was detected by analysis of 2010 and 2011 precise point positioning observations. Backward or sideways tilting with little or no downhill translation occurred at 6 points, while downhill translation and/or forward tilting occurred at 4 points.
The Thomisidae and Philodromidae (Araneae) of the Galápagos Islands (Ecuador)
Authors: Baert Leon
Published: May 2013

Two new species of Thomisidae are described (Mecaphesa reddelli sp. nov. and Tmarus galapagosensis sp. nov.). Of a third species, Mecaphesa inclusa (Banks, 1902), three colour variations are described. Tmarus specimens previously listed from the islands have always erroneously been called T. stolzmanni Keyserling, 1880. The Philodromidae are mentioned for the first time for the archipelago and are represented by two new species: Apollophanes fitzroyi sp. nov. and Apollophanes (?) lonesome-georgei sp. nov.
Calixarene‐Derived Mono‐Iminophosphoranes: Highly Efficient Ligands for Palladium‐ and Nickel‐Catalysed Cross‐Coupling
Authors: Monnereau Laure , Sémeril David , Matt Dominique
Published: May 2013

The first mono‐iminophosphoranes based on a calix[4]arene skeleton have been synthesised and tested in the arylation of aryl bromides and aryl chlorides. Combining these ligands with [Pd(OAc)2] or [Ni(cod)2] resulted in highly active Suzuki–Miyaura and Kumada–Tamao–Corriu cross‐coupling catalysts, respectively. TOFs up to ca. 4×105 mol(ArBr)⋅mol(M)−1⋅h−1 were obtained in each case. The remarkable activities observed probably arise from the ligands’ ability to form complexes with cavity‐entrapped “MArX” moieties (endo‐complexes), their highly crowded metal environment favouring formation of mono‐ligated intermediates over that of less reactive bis‐ligated ones. Possible supramolecular interactions within the cavity involving the receptor wall and the aromatic substrate may also significantly influence the reaction rates, notably by increasing the proportion of endo‐complexes.
1,4‐Phenylene and 2,5‐Thienylene π‐Linkers in Charge‐Transfer Chromophores
Authors: Kulhánek Jiří , Bureš Filip , Opršal Jakub , Kuznik Wojciech , Mikysek Tomáš , Růžička Aleš
Published: May 2013

Fifteen model charge‐transfer chromophores with ferrocene donors, NO2 acceptors, and 1,4‐phenylene and 2,5‐thienylene π‐linkers were synthesized and their properties investigated by X‐ray analysis, electrochemistry, absorption spectra, and DFT calculations. Structure–property relationships were further evaluated to answer the question of suitability of the π‐linkers in the construction of chromophore backbone. Gradual replacement of 1,4‐phenylene with 2,5‐thienylene and π‐linker extension resulted in a lower HOMO–LUMO gap, a bathochromic shift of both charge‐transfer bands, and overall planarization of the molecule. Hence, thiophene, when incorporated into a chromophore backbone, is a more polarizable moiety that allows very efficient intramolecular charge transfer.
The convergent evolution of blue iris pigmentation in primates took distinct molecular paths
Authors: Meyer Wynn K. , Zhang Sidi , Hayakawa Sachiko , Imai Hiroo , Przeworski Molly
Published: May 2013

How many distinct molecular paths lead to the same phenotype? One approach to this question has been to examine the genetic basis of convergent traits, which likely evolved repeatedly under a shared selective pressure. We investigated the convergent phenotype of blue iris pigmentation, which has arisen independently in four primate lineages: humans, blue‐eyed black lemurs, Japanese macaques, and spider monkeys. Characterizing the phenotype across these species, we found that the variation within the blue‐eyed subsets of each species occupies strongly overlapping regions of CIE L*a*b* color space. Yet whereas Japanese macaques and humans display continuous variation, the phenotypes of blue‐eyed black lemurs and their sister species (whose irises are brown) occupy more clustered subspaces. Variation in an enhancer of OCA2 is primarily responsible for the phenotypic difference between humans with blue and brown irises. In the orthologous region, we found no variant that distinguishes the two lemur species or associates with quantitative phenotypic variation in Japanese macaques. Given the high similarity between the blue iris phenotypes in these species and that in humans, this finding implies that evolution has used different molecular paths to reach the same end. Am J Phys Anthropol 151:398–407, 2013.© 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
CD8A gene polymorphisms predict severity factors in chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Alromaih Saud , Mfuna‐Endam Leandra , Bosse Yohan , Filali‐Mouhim Abdelali , Desrosiers Martin
Published: May 2013

Background

A genetic basis to chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is postulated, but remains elusive. We have recently identified low levels of circulating CD8 lymphocytes as a frequent finding in difficult‐to‐treat or refractory CRS. In major histocompatibility complex 1 class 1 (MHC1) deficiency, low circulating levels of CD8 lymphocytes secondary to mutations in the cluster of differentiation 8a (CD8A), tapasin 1 (TAP1), tapasin 2 (TAP2), or tapasin binding‐protein (TAPBP) genes lead to a clinical syndrome, which is associated with severe CRS. The objective of this work was to identify whether genetic factors associated with MHC1 deficiency are present in CRS.

Methods

Previous results from a genomewide association study of CRS were screened for polymorphisms in the CD8A, TAP1, TAP2, and TAPBP genes associated with MHC1 immunodeficiency syndrome. Significant polymorphisms were tested for associations with demographic factors characterizing severe CRS.

Results

Polymorphisms in the CD8A (rs3810831) and TAPBP (rs2282851) genes were significantly associated with CRS. Major allele homozygosity for CD8A (rs3810831) was associated with a higher frequency of affected relatives (p = 0.052), increased severity as characterized by age at diagnosis (p = 0.009), age at first surgery (p = 0.004), and number of surgeries (p = 0.008), whereas TAPBP (rs2282851) was associated increased risk for CRS (odds ratio [OR] = 2.48, p = 0.0076).

Conclusion

Modified CD8A or TAPBP gene function may contribute to the development of refractory CRS via altered MHC1 function and reduction of circulating CD8 lymphocytes. Identification of markers in the CD8A or TAPBP genes via sequencing may offer a basis for genetic testing in CRS.
Effect of ZnCl2‐ and SiCl4‐doped TiCl4/MgCl2/THF catalysts for ethylene polymerization
Authors: Phiwkliang Wanna , Jongsomjit Bunjerd , Praserthdam Piyasan
Published: May 2013

In this research, ethylene polymerization was carried out in the presence of different additives (ZnCl2, SiCl4, and the combined ZnCl2‐SiCl4) on TiCl4/MgCl2/THF catalytic system. The presence of ZnCl2‐SiCl4 mixtures showed higher activity in ethylene polymerization when compared with the catalytic activity in the presence of single Lewis acids, ZnCl2, or SiCl4. The modified catalyst with ZnCl2‐SiCl4 demonstrated the highest activity, which was more than three times the activity of the system without Lewis acid modification. The enhanced activity can be attributed to the reduction in the peak intensity of MgCl2/THF complexes with Lewis acid compounds as proven by XRD. This was reasonable because of some THF removal from the structure of MgCl2/THF by Lewis acid compounds. In addition to the effect of modification with additives on the partial elimination of THF, the catalytic activities could be increased due to the titanium atoms that have been locally concentrated on the surface as seen by energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy measurement. On the basis of the in situ electron spin resonance measurement, the mixed metal chlorides (ZnCl2‐SiCl4) addition could promote the amount of Ti3+after reduction with triethylaluminum. It revealed that the modification of TiCl4/MgCl2/THF catalytic system with mixed metal chlorides (ZnCl2‐SiCl4) is very useful for ethylene polymerization. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 130: 1588–1594, 2013
Multivariate risk models under heavy‐tailed risks
Authors: Huang Wei , Weng Chengguo , Zhang Yi
Published: May 2013

In this paper, we consider four common types of ruin probabilities for a discrete‐time multivariate risk model, where the insurer is assumed to be exposed to a vector of net losses resulting from a number of business lines over each period. By assuming a large initial capital for the risk model and regularly varying distributions for the net losses, we establish some interesting asymptotic estimates for ruin probabilities in terms of the upper tail dependence function of the net loss vector. Our results insightfully characterize how the dependence structure among the individual net losses affect the ruin probabilities in an asymptotic sense, and more importantly, from our main results, explicit asymptotic estimates for those ruin probabilities can be obtained via specifying a copula for the net loss vectors. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Einfaches Prüfverfahren zur Bewertung der Schubfestigkeit von Kreuzlagenholz/Brettsperrholz
Authors: Kreuzinger Heinrich , Sieder Mike
Published: May 2013

Im Rahmen der Zustimmung im Einzelfall für die Verwendung eines eingeklebten Verbindungsmittels in kreuzweise verklebten Vollholz beim Projekt “Timber Tower” (Windkraftanlage mit Holzturm) wurde von den Autoren eine gutachterliche Stellungnahme zur Tragfähigkeit und zum Ermüdungsverhalten der Verbindung erarbeitet, welche tangierende Fragestellungen beinhaltete, wie zum Beispiel die Festigkeitswerte des Kreuzlagenholzes/Brettsperrholzes bei Beanspruchung als Schubfeld.

Basic test method for valuation of shear strength of cross laminated timber

In the context of the approval in individual cases for application of glued in fasteners in cross laminated timber at the project “Timber Tower” (wind power station with timber tower) the authors have prepared an expertise for the load‐bearing capacity and the fatigue behavior of the connection. Thereby some additional questions arose, for example the strength value of the cross laminated timber in case of stress as a shear field.
Bewertung von bestehenden Brücken hinsichtlich Schiffsanprall
Authors: Kunz Claus
Published: May 2013

Zur möglichen Bewertung von bestehenden Brücken hinsichtlich Schiffsanprall wurde eine Methode entwickelt, die Schiffsstoßlast für bestehende Brücken als restnutzungsdauerabhängige Einwirkung zu berechnen. Diese Methode, als restnutzungsdauerorientiertes Konzept bezeichnet, steht in Übereinstimmung mit DIN EN 1990, die ein zuverlässigkeitsbasiertes Bemessungskonzept beinhaltet. Das Konzept berücksichtigt die aktuellen Prinzipien der Instandhaltung und erlaubt die sichere und wirtschaftliche Bewertung bestehender Brücken hinsichtlich Schiffsstoß über die verbleibende Restnutzungsdauer. Grundlage der Stoßlastbestimmung ist die Verknüpfung eines Last‐ mit einem Kollisionsmodell, wie für die Bestimmung von Schiffsstoßlasten für neue Brücken. Die Berechnung der restnutzungsdauerabhängigen dynamischen Stoßlasten übernimmt dabei die Gesamtzuverlässigkeit, wie für die Nutzungsdauer neuer Brücken, jedoch übertragen auf die Restnutzungsdauer, weil ein Versagen in der Standzeit der Brücke nicht aufgetreten war. Mit diesen Stoßlasten, die mit zunehmender Standzeit der Brücke methodengemäß geringer ausfallen, lassen sich unwirtschaftliche nachträgliche Verstärkungen verhindern. Das Konzept wurde als BAW‐Merkblatt “Nachweis bestehender Brücken auf Schiffsanprall (MNaBS)” veröffentlicht.

Evaluation of existing bridges concerning ship impact

Existing bridges have sometimes to be evaluated considering ship impact. Using present codes for accidental actions would often lead to rehabilitation measures or to new structures which might not be efficient regarding the rareness of serious ship collision events to bridges. Therefore a method has been developed to determine ship collision forces as time‐dependent action for the remaining lifetime of an existing bridge. This method, called remaining life expectancy concept, is based on the design concept of DIN EN 1990 which is a reliability‐based design procedure. It considers the principles of the common maintenance strategies and allows the safe and economic verification of existing bridges considering their experienced lifetime. The contribution explains the probabilistic methodology of modern ship impact determination by combining a load model with a collision model as it is used for the design of new bridges. The adaption to remaining lifetime adapted dynamic impact forces is shown. The method has been published in 2010 as a guideline by Bundesanstalt für Wasserbau.
Experimental system for real‐time assessment of potential changes in protein conformation induced by electromagnetic fields
Authors: Beyer Christian , Christen Philipp , Jelesarov Ilian , Fröhlich Jürg
Published: May 2013

A novel experimental system to distinguish between potential thermal and non‐thermal effects of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on the conformational equilibrium and folding kinetics of proteins is presented. The system comprises an exposure chamber installed within the measurement compartment of a spectropolarimeter and allows real‐time observation of the circular dichroism (CD) signal of the protein during EMF exposure. An optical temperature probe monitors the temperature of the protein solution at the site of irradiation. The electromagnetic, thermal, and fluid‐dynamic behavior of the system is characterized by numerical and experimental means. The number of repeated EMF on/off cycles needed for achieving a certain detection limit is determined on the basis of the experimentally assessed precision of the CD measurements. The isolated thermosensor protein GrpE of the Hsp70 chaperone system of Eschericha coli serves as the test protein. Long‐term experiments show high thermal reproducibility as well as thermal stability of the experimental setup. Bioelectromagnetics. 34:419–428. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Zum Tragverhalten von Rahmenknoten mit Stahlfaserbeton unter seismischer Belastung
Authors: Röhm Constanze , Novák Balthasar , Karusala Ramanjaneyulu , Sasmal Saptarshi
Published: May 2013

Im Rahmen eines indisch‐deutschen Kooperationsprojekts wurde das Tragverhalten von außen liegenden Rahmenknoten aus Stahlfaserbeton (SFB) unter zyklischer Belastung untersucht. Das Potenzial von SFB sollte zum einen genutzt werden, um zu hohe Bewehrungsgrade im Knoten zu verhindern und damit die Ausführung zu vereinfachen. Zum andern sollte die Umschnürungswirkung der Fasern für die Tragfähigkeit, Energiedissipation und Knotenintegrität herangezogen werden und eine alternative Bewehrungsführung zur Verschiebung des plastischen Gelenks in den Balken entwickelt werden.

Nach einer allgemeinen Einführung zum Knotentragverhalten und den Vorteilen der Verwendung von SFB werden einige der experimentellen Untersuchungen vorgestellt. Dabei wurde zunächst die Knotentragfähigkeit mit SFB untersucht, um darauf aufbauend den Knoten so auszulegen, dass ein Biegeversagen im Balken in einem bestimmten Abstand zum Stützenanschnitt erzielt wird. Die Versuchsergebnisse zeigen die günstige Auswirkung der Stahlfasern auf die Energiedissipation und die Knotenintegrität. Nachrechnungen der Versuche anhand numerischer Untersuchungen sowie einem Stabwerkmodell unter Ansatz der Restzugfestigkeit des Stahlfaserbetons zeigen eine gute Übereinstimmung im Hinblick auf Traglasten und Versagensmechanismen. Der Beitrag endet mit Empfehlungen zur Auslegung eines Rahmenknotens zur Verschiebung des plastischen Gelenks in den Balken.

Behaviour of FRC beam column joints under seismic loading

The present paper discusses the behaviour of fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) beam column joints under cyclic loading carried out as an Indian‐German collaborative research project. To avoid reinforcement congestion in the joint region without compromising performance, FRC is found to be extremely potential. Addition of steel fibres would lead to improved strength, energy dissipation capacity and integrity inside the joint. Moreover an alternate reinforcement detailing has been developed to move the plastic hinge in the beam region. First, the positive effects of using FRC are discussed followed by the experimental studies. Strength of beam column joints using FRC was experimentally evaluated to ensure that they are strong enough to produce a failure in the beam at a predetermined distance away from the column face. The test results showed the beneficial effect of FRC on energy dissipation and joint integrity. Further, the results obtained from both numerical and analytical studies in terms of strength and failure mechanism are in good aggreement with those obtained from the experimental studies. The paper concludes with recommendations to design the beam column joint and to shift the plastic hinge in the beam region.
Feasibility study of semi‐selective protein precipitation with salt‐tolerant copolymers for industrial purification of therapeutic antibodies
Authors: Capito Florian , Bauer Johann , Rapp Almut , Schröter Christian , Kolmar Harald , Stanislawski Bernd
Published: May 2013

We present a feasibility study for an antibody capturing process from clarified cell culture fluid using semi‐selective protein precipitation with salt‐tolerant copolymers. Protein precipitation is mediated by hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions with the copolymer that can be customized for the respective target. Precipitation yield with different copolymers at ionic strength of 2–22.5 mS cm−1 and pH 5.0–pH 5.7 was evaluated using pure monoclonal antibody solutions. Optimized parameters were used to elucidate yield and purity of various antibodies precipitated at physiological conditions from cell culture fluid of CHO, NS0, and SP2/0 cell culture fluid. Precipitated protein was easily redissolved in small volume, enabling concentrating monoclonal antibodies (mAb) more than 40‐fold and up to 100‐fold, while residual polymer was removed to >98% using cationic polymer attached to silica flakes. mAb recovery of >90% and host cell protein clearance of >80% were achieved, not requiring any pre‐dilution of cell culture fluid. Precipitation showed no impact on mAb binding affinity when compared to non‐precipitated mAb. The obtained yield and purity were lower compared to a protein A based purification and loss of mAb was factor 1.5–3.0 higher. Yet, for high titer mAb purification processes being implemented in the future, precipitation is an attractive option due to its ease of scalability and cost‐effectiveness. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013;110: 2915–2927. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Use of the mitochondria toxicity assay for quantifying the viable cell density of microencapsulated jurkat cells
Authors: Werner M. , Biss K. , Jérôme V. , Hilbrig F. , Freitag R. , Zambrano K. , Hübner H. , Buchholz R. , Mahou R. , Wandrey C.
Published: May 2013

The mitochondria toxicity assay (MTT assay) is an established method for monitoring cell viability based on mitochondrial activity. Here the MTT assay is proposed for thein situquantification of the living cell density of microencapsulated Jurkat cells. Three systems were used to encapsulate the cells, namely a membrane consisting of an interpenetrating polyelectrolyte network of sodium cellulose sulphate/poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (NaCS/PDADMAC), a calcium alginate hydrogel covered with poly(L‐lysine) (Ca‐alg‐PLL), and a novel calcium alginate‐poly(ethylene glycol) hybrid material (Ca‐alg‐PEG). MTT results were correlated to data obtained by the trypan blue exclusion assay after release of the cells from the NaCS/PDADMAC and Ca‐alg‐PLL capsules, while a resazurin‐based assay was used for comparison in case of the Ca‐alg‐PEG material. Analysis by MTT assay allows quick and reliable determination of viable cell densities of encapsulated cells independent of the capsule material. The assay is highly reproducible with inter‐assay relative standard deviations below 10%. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 29:986–993, 2013
Facile Fluorescence‐Based Detection of PAD4‐Mediated Citrullination
Authors: Wildeman Erin , Pires Marcos M.
Published: May 2013

The post‐translational modifications of histone proteins are highly diverse and dynamic processes. It is becoming increasingly evident that modifying histone proteins can have a direct influence on both cellular homeostasis and disease states. Protein arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) is an enzyme that converts peptidyl‐arginine to citrulline. The overexpression of PAD4 has been found in numerous types of human cancer and autoimmune diseases. We report a new, facile, fluorescence‐based assay for the detection of PAD4 activity that exploits the substrate specificity of trypsin to monitor the citrullination reaction carried out by PAD4 based on the fact that, upon citrullination, the positively charged arginine side chain is converted to the neutral citrulline. We show that the assay can be performed rapidly with readily available reagents and that it responds accordingly to a known PAD4 inhibitor.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural, Elastic, Electronic and Optical Properties of Beryllium Chalcogenides BeX (X: S, Se, Te) with Zinc‐Blende Structure
Authors: Guo Lei , Hu Ge , Zhang Shengtao , Feng Wenjiang , Zhang Zhipeng
Published: May 2013

theoretical study
ChemInform Abstract: CaTMg2 and CaTCd2 (T: Rh, Pd, Pt) with YPd2Si‐Type Structure.
Authors: Johnscher Michael , Kersting Marcel , Matar Samir F. , Poettgen Rainer
Published: May 2013

The title compounds are prepared from mixtures of the elements by high‐frequency melting in Nb ampules or through reactions in muffle furnaces.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Characterization and Physical Properties of the New Transition Metal Oxyselenide La2O2ZnSe2.
Authors: Tuxworth Andrew J. , McCabe Emma E. , Free David G. , Clark Stewart J. , Evans John S. O.
Published: May 2013

The title compound is prepared from a mixture of La2O3, Se, and Zn using Al powder as an oxygen getter (alumina crucibles in an evacuated silica tube, 1100 °C, 12 h).
ChemInform Abstract: New Fluoride Carbonates: Centrosymmetric KPb2(CO3)2F and Noncentrosymmetric K2.70Pb5.15(CO3)5F3.
Authors: Tran T. Thao , Halasyamani P. Shiv
Published: May 2013

K2.70Pb5.15(CO3)5F3 (I) and KPb2(CO3)2F (II) are solvothermally synthesized from mixtures of Pb(OAc)2, KF, MeOH, and trifluoroacetic acid (autoclave, 180 °C, 24 h, 70% yield for (I)) and by solid state reaction of KF, PbCO3 and PbF2 (alumina boat, flowing CO2, 250—270 °C, 2—3 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of New Chiral 1,2‐ and 1,3‐Diols.
Authors: Yildiz Tuelay , Yusufoglu Ayse
Published: May 2013

Seven chiral 1,2‐diols and six chiral 1,3‐diols are prepared by the asymmetric reduction of the corresponding 1,2‐ and 1,3‐diketones.
ChemInform Abstract: SOCl2/β‐Cyclodextrin: A New and Efficient Catalytic System for Beckmann Rearrangement and Dehydration of Aldoximes under Aqueous Conditions.
Authors: Patil Dipak , Dalal Dipak
Published: May 2013

The system SOCl2/β‐cyclodextrin can be used for the Beckmann rearrangement of ketoximes as well as for the dehydration of aldoximes under aqueous conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Iodine‐Catalyzed Tandem Synthesis of Terminal Acetals and Glycol Mono Esters from Olefins.
Authors: Kumar Macharla Arun , Swamy Peraka , Naresh Mameda , Reddy Marri Mahender , Rohitha Chozhiyath Nappunni , Prabhakar Sripadi , Sarma Akella Venkata Subrahmanya , Kumar Joseph Richard Prem , Narender Nama
Published: May 2013

A new metal‐free synthesis of terminal acetals and glycol mono esters from olefins is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: A Functional‐Group‐Tolerant Catalytic trans Hydrogenation of Alkynes
Authors: Radkowski Karin , Sundararaju Basker , Fuerstner Alois
Published: May 2013

This is the first practical and truly functional‐group‐tolerant procedure for the catalytic semihydrogenation of alkynes to E‐alkenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Mild and General Conditions for Negishi Cross‐Coupling Enabled by the Use of Palladacycle Precatalysts.
Authors: Yang Yang , Oldenhuis Nathan J. , Buchwald Stephen L.
Published: May 2013

This is an efficient method for the Negishi coupling of in‐situ‐generated aryl zinc chlorides with aryl halides.
ChemInform Abstract: Benzimidazole‐Based Palladium—N‐Heterocyclic Carbene: A Useful Catalyst for C—C Cross‐Coupling Reaction at Ambient Condition.
Authors: Gupta Sumanta , Basu Basudeb , Das Sajal
Published: May 2013

The title NHC‐catalyst appears to be efficient for Suzuki cross‐coupling reactions of a wide range of substrates including heteroaromatic systems, for multi Suzuki cross‐coupling reactions, and for C‐C cross‐coupling reactions between acid chlorides and arylboronic acid.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Enantioenriched Azo Compounds: Organocatalytic Michael Addition of Formaldehyde N‐tert‐Butyl Hydrazone to Nitroalkenes.
Authors: Monge David , Daza Silvia , Bernal Pablo , Fernandez Rosario , Lassaletta Jose M.
Published: May 2013

The asymmetric Michael addition of hydrazone (I) to nitroalkenes (II) leads to diazenes (III), which are readily converted into tautomeric hydrazones (IV) under the action of TFA.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereodivergence in Amine‐Catalyzed Regioselective [4 + 2] Cycloadditions of β‐Substituted Cyclic Enones and Polyconjugated Malononitriles.
Authors: Feng Xin , Zhou Zhi , Zhou Rong , Zhou Qing‐Qing , Dong Lin , Chen Ying‐Chun
Published: May 2013

This method gives either endo‐ or exo‐products depending on the used organocatalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Sterically Controlled Iodination of Arenes via Iridium‐Catalyzed C—H Borylation.
Authors: Partridge Benjamin M. , Hartwig John F.
Published: May 2013

The presented new method to prepare (hetero)aryl iodides proceeds via stereocontrolled borylation.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Aliphatic C—H Amination with an Amidine Moiety.
Authors: Chen Hui , Sanjaya Stephen , Wang Yi‐Feng , Chiba Shunsuke
Published: May 2013

A new method for the amination of aliphatic C—H bonds of N‐alkylamidines in the presence of PhI(OAc)2 and K3PO4 is described that utilizes Cu(OAc)2 as the catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Hypervalent Iodine Mediated para‐Selective Fluorination of Anilines.
Authors: Tian Tian , Zhong Wen‐He , Meng Shuai , Meng Xiang‐Bao , Li Zhong‐Jun
Published: May 2013

A new, straightforward, regioselective, and metal‐free method for the synthesis of para‐fluorinated anilides is developed by using readily available reagents.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization, and Reactivity of N‐Acyl Chloroformamidines: Useful Building Blocks for the Construction of N‐Acyl Substituted 1,1‐Diaminoethylenes, Amidines, Ureas, and Thioureas.
Authors: Wang Yang , Chi Yue , Zhao Fei , Zhang Wen‐Xiong , Xi Zhenfeng
Published: May 2013

Carbodiimides react with carboxylic acid chlorides to give the title compounds in excellent yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium(III) and Hexabromobenzene — A Catalyst System for the Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling of Simple Arenes and Heterocycles wit Arenes Bearing Directing Groups.
Authors: Wencel‐Delord Joanna , Nimphius Corinna , Wang Honggen , Glorius Frank
Published: May 2013

The potential of the new Rh(III)‐catalyzed dehydrogenative cross‐coupling reaction is also demonstrated on the synthesis of the key intermediate (XII) of the fungicide molecule bixafen.
ChemInform Abstract: A Unique Cascade Reaction Between 3‐Arylprop‐2‐inylcarboxylates and Benzaldehydes Leading to the Formation of Morita—Baylis—Hillman Adducts.
Authors: Karpaviciene Ieva , Cikotiene Inga
Published: May 2013

The title reaction results in the formation of Morita—Baylis—Hillman adducts which are difficult or not available via a traditional MBH reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Expedient Synthesis of Functionalized Triarylmethanols Through Tandem Formation of Geminal C—C and C—O Bonds.
Authors: Tian Yu , Sui Yi , Gu Yonghong , Tian Shi‐Kai
Published: May 2013

Two synthetically useful, atom‐efficient approaches to triarylmethanols are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Synthesis of Multisubstituted Furans via Metalloradical Cyclization of Alkynes with α‐Diazocarbonyls: Construction of Functionalized α‐Oligofurans.
Authors: Cui Xin , Xu Xue , Wojtas Lukasz , Kim Martin M. , Zhang X. Peter
Published: May 2013

This method tolerates a broad variety of functional groups and gives access to multisubstituted furans with diverse functionalities.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of (Z)‐5‐(Bromomethylene)thiophen‐2(5H)‐one with Some Nucleophiles in Search for New Biofilm Inhibitors.
Authors: Benneche Tore , Chamgordani Elahe Jafari , Scheie Anne Aamdal
Published: May 2013

The nucleophilic substitution of the bromo substituent in title compound (I) is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of N‐Acetyl‐3,3a,4,8b‐ and ‐1,3a,4,8b‐tetrahydrocyclopenta[b]indoles from N‐ and 2‐(Cyclopent‐2‐en‐1‐yl)anilines.
Authors: Skladchikov D. A. , Buranbaeva R. S. , Fatykhov A. A. , Ivanov S. P. , Gataullin R. R.
Published: May 2013

N‐Acylation of anilines (I) leads to the formation of a diastereoisomeric mixture of atropisomers (III) which is separable at room temperature for (IIIb).
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐Hydroxyethylammonium Acetate as a Reusable and Cost‐Effective Ionic Liquid for the Efficient Synthesis of Bis(pyrazolyl)methanes (III) and 2‐Pyrazolyl‐1‐nitroalkanes (V).
Authors: Sobhani Sara , Nasseri Razieh , Honarmand Moones
Published: May 2013

Title compounds (III) are prepared by one‐pot tandem Knoevenagel—Michael reaction of pyrazolone (I) with various aldehydes (II) in the presence of hydroxyethylammonium acetate as a task‐specific ionic liquid.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3‐(1‐Methyl‐1H‐imidazol‐2‐ylthio)propanoic Acid and (E)‐3‐(1‐Methyl‐1H‐imidazol‐2‐ylthio)acrylic Acid.
Authors: Hattan Christopher M. , Shojaie Jalil , Lau Serrine S. , Anders M. W.
Published: May 2013

The E/Z ratio of the reaction products of (I) with methyl or tert‐butyl propiolate (II) or (V) is studied (only some yields are given).
ChemInform Abstract: Fragment‐Based Discovery of Novel and Selective mPGES‐1 Inhibitors. Part 1. Identification of Sulfonamido‐1,2,3‐triazole‐4,5‐dicarboxylic Acid.
Authors: Lee Kijae , Pham Van Chung , Choi Min Ji , Kim Kyung Ju , Lee Kyung‐Tae , Han Seong‐Gu , Yu Yeon Gyu , Lee Jae Yeol
Published: May 2013

Sulfonamido‐1,2,3‐triazole‐4,5‐dicarboxylic acid derivatives (III) and (V) are synthesized using an azide—alkyne click reaction procedure.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New Triazole Acetamides with Inotropic Effects.
Authors: Wu Yan , Ma Long‐Xu , Sun Liang‐Peng , Song Ming‐Xia , Cui Xun , Piao Hu‐Ri
Published: May 2013

A series of new triazole acetamides (III) is synthesized and screened for their positive inotropic activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Synthesis of 4‐Trialkylsilyl(germyl)‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole‐5‐carbaldehydes
Authors: Demina M. M. , Nguyen T. L. H. , Shaglaeva N. S. , Mareev A. V. , Medvedeva A. S.
Published: May 2013

in aqueous medium without any catalyst
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Synthesis of 2‐Amino‐Substituted 1,3,4‐Oxadiazole and 1,3,4‐Thiadiazole Derivatives via Reagent‐Based Cyclization of Thiosemicarbazide Intermediate.
Authors: Yang Seung‐Ju , Lee Seok‐Hyeong , Kwak Hyun‐Jung , Gong Young‐Dae
Published: May 2013

2‐Amino‐substituted 1,3,4‐oxadiazole (II) and 1,3,4‐thiadiazole derivatives (V) are prepared from the same thiosemicarbazides (I) depending on the reagents used (EDC or TosCl/NEt3).
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Highly Enantioselective Vinylogous Povarov Reaction.
Authors: Caruana Lorenzo , Fochi Mariafrancesca , Ranieri Silvia , Mazzanti Andrea , Bernardi Luca
Published: May 2013

A series of chiral tetrahydroquinolines (III) is prepared with high diastereo‐ and enantioselectivity by a hitherto not described Povarov reaction of imines (I) with acylaminobutadienes (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of a New Chiral Pentacyclic Phosphine.
Authors: Moussa Souad , Aloui Faouzi , Ben Hassine Bechir
Published: May 2013

The helically chiral pentacyclic phosphine (IX) containing a thiophene ring is obtained in a five‐step sequence via a Wittig reaction, a palladium‐catalyzed Mizoroki—Heck coupling, and classical oxidative photocyclization reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of (Z,E)‐9,11‐Hexadecadienal, the Major Sex Pheromone Component of the Sugarcane Borer Diatraea Saccharalis: An Efficient Strategy for Synthesis of (Z,E)‐Dienic Pheromones.
Authors: Tao Yunhai , Yang Xiaomei , Jin Yi , Wang Qingzhong
Published: May 2013

The efficient and stereoselective synthesis of title compound (I) consists of a seven step procedure starting from 7‐bromo‐(Z,E)‐4,6‐heptadienal and is achieved in 38% overall yield.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetic Resonance of Porous Media (MRPM). A Perspective
Authors: Song Yi‐Qiao
Published: May 2013

Review: 112 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Advances in Chemical Synthesis of Nb‐Containing Oxides
Authors: Wu Junshu , Xue Dongfeng
Published: May 2013

Review: 125 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses, Transformations and Applications of Aminonaphthol Derivatives Prepared via Modified Mannich Reactions
Authors: Szatmari Istvan , Fueloep Ferenc
Published: May 2013

Review: 113 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: To Catalytic Asymmetric 1,2‐Alkynylation
Authors: Ohshima T.
Published: May 2013

Review: 126 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Homogeneous Palladium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation
Authors: Chen Qing‐An , Ye Zhi‐Shi , Duan Ying , Zhou Yong‐Gui
Published: May 2013

Review: 49 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition‐Metal Mediated Carbon—Sulfur Bond Activation and Transformations
Authors: Wang Liandi , He Wei , Yu Zhengkun
Published: May 2013

Review: 207 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Development of Functional Molecules for Elucidation of the Physiological Roles of Several Nuclear Receptors and Their Endogenous Ligands
Authors: Hirano Tomoya
Published: May 2013

Review: 86 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Progress in High Accuracy Calculations of Basicity of Organic Superbases
Authors: Margetic Davor
Published: May 2013

Review: 35 refs.
The Distorted Tropane of Scopoline
Authors: Écija Patricia , Cocinero Emilio J. , Lesarri Alberto , Basterretxea Francisco J. , Fernández José A. , Castaño Fernando
Published: May 2013

The structural isomerization of scopine into scopoline (oscine) has been observed in a supersonic jet expansion using microwave spectroscopy. The rotational spectrum evidences a single structure in the gas phase, providing a first description of the (three‐ring) structurally distorted tropane in scopoline. The absence of rotational signatures of any scopine conformation suggests a practically quantitative isomerization at the vaporization temperatures of the experiment (ca. 90 °C). The determined rotational parameters of scopoline reveal the structural consequences of the intramolecular cyclation of scopine, which breaks the original epoxy group and creates a new ether bridge and a 7β‐hydroxytropane configuration. The hydroxy group further stabilizes the molecule by an OH⋅⋅⋅N intramolecular hydrogen bond, which, in turn, forces the N‐methyl group to the less stable axial form. Supporting ab initio (MP2) and DFT (B3LYP, M06‐2X) calculations are included.
New Insights into the Oxygen Reduction Reaction Mechanism on Pt (111): A Detailed Electrochemical Study
Authors: Gómez‐Marín Ana M. , Feliu Juan M.
Published: May 2013

The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is undoubtedly the most important fuel‐cell cathodic reaction. In this work, a detailed electrochemical analysis of the ORR on Pt (111) in nonadsorbing electrolytes was performed, which included the high‐potential region Eup=1.15 V while ensuring the electrode surface structure stability. Our results suggest that the reduction of a soluble intermediate species formed during the ORR is the rate‐determining step in the whole reaction mechanism. This species does not undergo any other electrochemical reaction at E>0.9 V and may accumulate close to the electrode surface. Together with dissolved O2, this intermediate may modify the oxide‐growth dynamics on Pt (111). Hence, both species interact with the electrode surface through complex catalytic networks. Under certain experimental conditions, oxygenated species from the oxidation of Pt (111) may enhance the overall ORR current. These results propose an alternative to explain the current state of the art for this fundamental process.
Cytomorphologic overlap of differentiated thyroid carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma and diagnostic value of TTF‐1 and TGB on cytologic material
Authors: Sathiyamoorthy Srividya , Maleki Zahra
Published: May 2013

Thyroid carcinomas and lung adenocarcinoma share cytomorphological features yet have different prognoses. Thyroid Transcription Factor‐1 (TTF‐1) is an immunohistochemical (IHC) marker used to confirm pulmonary and thyroid carcinoma, while Thyroglobulin (TGB) is expressed by thyroid carcinoma.

 The cytopathology archive of The Johns Hopkins Hospital was searched for cases of lung adenocarcinoma versus thyroid carcinoma with TTF‐1 and TGB IHC.

 Forty‐four cases of lung adenocarcinoma (25) and thyroid carcinoma (19) were retrieved. One was metastatic lung adenocarcinoma to the thyroid and three were metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) to the lung. The initial interpretation of two cases from bony lesions was metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. In light of additional clinical information and TGB immunostain, the diagnoses of these two cases changed to metastatic thyroid carcinoma.

 TTF‐1 and TGB is a small immunostain panel that can differentiate lung adenocarcinoma from thyroid carcinoma and prevent misdiagnosis and its consequences. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2014;42:5–10. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
EZH2, a unique marker of malignancy in effusion cytology
Authors: Jiang Huimiao , Gupta Raavi , Somma Jonathan
Published: May 2013

Distinguishing reactive mesothelial cells from metastatic disease, typically adenocarcinoma, in effusion cytology can be challenging at times. We currently use a panel of immunocytochemical markers for select cases including MOC‐31 and BerEp4, but difficulties still exist. Enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2) plays important roles in epigenetic silencing and cell cycle regulation and is upregulated in a wide variety of malignancies. Thus, we hypothesized that EZH2 immunocytochemistry, which to our knowledge has not yet been reported on cytology material, might serve as a unique marker of malignancy in morphologically equivocal effusion specimens by highlighting aberrant protein expression in malignant cells. A total of 96 (48 benign and 48 malignant) effusion cases were selected retrospectively from our department archives. All malignant cases were metastatic adenocarcinomas except for three high grade neuroendocrine carcinomas (two lungs and one ovary), one cervical squamous cell carcinoma, and one epithelioid endometrial stromal sarcoma. The 48 benign cases were all negative for EZH2, and 43 of 48 malignant effusions were positive. As a solitary marker, EZH2 exhibited a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 100% (P < 0.0001). EZH2 functioned as a unique and accurate marker of malignancy in this series of effusions. Relative to published data, EZH2 demonstrated a sensitivity comparable to MOC‐31 and superior to BerEp4, and a specificity superior to both of these commonly used immunostains. Thus, EZH2 is likely to be of great value as an adjunct to morphology in diagnosing malignancy in effusion specimens. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2014;42: 111–116. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Belowground interactions shift the relative importance of direct and indirect genetic effects
Authors: Genung Mark A. , Bailey Joseph K. , Schweitzer Jennifer A.
Published: May 2013

Intraspecific genetic variation can affect decomposition, nutrient cycling, and interactions between plants and their associated belowground communities. However, the effects of genetic variation on ecosystems can also be indirect, meaning that genes in a focal plant may affect ecosystems by altering the phenotype of interacting (i.e., neighboring) individuals. We manipulated genotype identity, species identity, and the possibility of belowground interactions between neighboring Solidago plants. We hypothesized that, because our plants were nitrogen (N) limited, the most important interactions between focal and neighbor plants would occur belowground. More specifically, we hypothesized that the genotypic identity of a plant's neighbor would have a larger effect on belowground biomass than on aboveground biomass, but only when neighboring plants were allowed to interact belowground. We detected species‐ and genotype‐level variation for aboveground biomass and ramet production. We also found that belowground biomass and ramet production depended on the interaction of neighbor genotype identity and the presence or absence of belowground interactions. Additionally, we found that interspecific indirect genetic effects (IIGEs; changes in focal plant traits due to the genotype identity of a heterospecific neighbor) had a greater effect size on belowground biomass than did focal genotype; however, this effect only held in pots that allowed belowground interactions. These results expand the types of natural processes that can be attributed to genotypes by showing that, under certain conditions, a plant's phenotype can be strongly determined by the expression of genes in its neighbor. By showing that IIGEs are dependent upon plants being able to interact belowground, our results also provide a first step for thinking about how genotype‐based, belowground interactions influence the evolutionary outcomes of plant‐neighbor interactions.