bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Trenched Film Cooling Using RSM Coupled CFD
Authors: Krishna Anand V.G. , Parammasivam K.M.
Published: November 2018

The trench film cooling employs film holes embedded in a slot created on the surface that requires protection from the impact of hot mainstream flow. The present investigation employs Response Surface Methodology (RSM) approach coupled with CFD analysis to develop a regression predictive model and to optimize the trench geometric and flow parameters viz., trench width (w), trench depth (d), film hole compound angle (β) and blowing ratio (M). The Area-averaged film cooling effectiveness (ȠAA) were chosen as a response factor for RSM and with trench design and flow parameters used as input factors for regression analysis. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) analysis was carried out on the regression model to identify the influence of individual parameters. Three dimensional response surfaces that relate the effect of input parameters on the response factor were analyzed. Experimental results of a case identified from the RSM matrix was found to correlate well with computational investigations. Results from the study indicate that the parameters d, β and M have considerable impact on film cooling performance of test surface with trenches.
An ionic Cd/Hg mixed-metal complex with an aminoalcohol ligand
Authors: Mardani Zahra , Kazemshoar-Duzduzani Reza , Moeini Keyvan , Darroudi Majid , Carpenter-Warren Cameron , Slawin Alexandra M.Z. , Woollins J. Derek
Published: November 2018

A cadmium–mercury mixed-metal complex ofcis-2-((2-((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)ethyl)amino)cyclohexan-1-ol (HEAC), [Cd(HEAC)2][HgI4] (1), was prepared and identified by elemental analysis, FT-IR,1H NMR spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The X-ray analysis revealed an ionic structure for1in which the cadmium and mercury atoms have CdN4O2and HgI4environments, with distorted octahedral and tetrahedral geometries, respectively. The packing of the components in the crystal of1is supported by O–H···I hydrogen bonds, and these interactions lead to the formation of anR44${\rm{R}}_4^4$(22) motif.
Four Unique Interneuron Populations Reside in Neocortical Layer 1
Authors: Schuman Benjamin , Machold Robert P. , Hashikawa Yoshiko , Fuzik János , Fishell Gord J. , Rudy Bernardo
Published: November 2018

Sensory perception depends on neocortical computations that contextually adjust sensory signals in different internal and environmental contexts. Neocortical layer 1 (L1) is the main target of cortical and subcortical inputs that provide “top-down” information for context-dependent sensory processing. Although L1 is devoid of excitatory cells, it contains the distal “tuft” dendrites of pyramidal cells (PCs) located in deeper layers. L1 also contains a poorly characterized population of GABAergic interneurons (INs), which regulate the impact that different top-down inputs have on PCs. A poor comprehension of L1 IN subtypes and how they affect PC activity has hampered our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie contextual modulation of sensory processing. We used novel genetic strategies in male and female mice combined with electrophysiological and morphological methods to help resolve differences that were unclear when using only electrophysiological and/or morphological approaches. We discovered that L1 contains four distinct populations of INs, each with a unique molecular profile, morphology, and electrophysiology, including a previously overlooked IN population (named here “canopy cells”) representing 40% of L1 INs. In contrast to what is observed in other layers, most L1 neurons appear to be unique to the layer, highlighting the specialized character of the signal processing that takes place in L1. This new understanding of INs in L1, as well as the application of genetic methods based on the markers described here, will enable investigation of the cellular and circuit mechanisms of top-down processing in L1 with unprecedented detail.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNeocortical layer 1 (L1) is the main target of corticocortical and subcortical projections that mediate top-down or context-dependent sensory perception. However, this unique layer is often referred to as “enigmatic” because its neuronal composition has been difficult to determine. Using a combination of genetic, electrophysiological, and morphological approaches that helped to resolve differences that were unclear when using a single approach, we were able to decipher the neuronal composition of L1. We identified markers that distinguish L1 neurons and found that the layer contains four populations of GABAergic interneurons, each with unique molecular profiles, morphologies, and electrophysiological properties. These findings provide a new framework for studying the circuit mechanisms underlying the processing of top-down inputs in neocortical L1.
Neurochemical and Behavioral Dissections of Decision-Making in a Rodent Multistage Task
Authors: Groman Stephanie M. , Massi Bart , Mathias Samuel R. , Curry Daniel W. , Lee Daeyeol , Taylor Jane R.
Published: November 2018

Flexible decision-making in dynamic environments requires both retrospective appraisal of reinforced actions and prospective reasoning about the consequences of actions. These complementary reinforcement-learning systems can be characterized computationally with model-free and model-based algorithms, but how these processes interact at a neurobehavioral level in normal and pathological states is unknown. Here, we developed a translationally analogous multistage decision-making (MSDM) task to independently quantify model-free and model-based behavioral mechanisms in rats. We provide the first direct evidence that male rats, similar to humans, use both model-free and model-based learning when making value-based choices in the MSDM task and provide novel analytic approaches for independently quantifying these reinforcement-learning strategies. Furthermore, we report thatex vivodopamine tone in the ventral striatum and orbitofrontal cortex correlate with model-based, but not model-free, strategies, indicating that the biological mechanisms mediating decision-making in the multistage task are conserved in rats and humans. This new multistage task provides a unique behavioral platform for conducting systems-level analyses of decision-making in normal and pathological states.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDecision-making is influenced by both a retrospective “model-free” system and a prospective “model-based” system in humans, but the biobehavioral mechanisms mediating these learning systems in normal and disease states are unknown. Here, we describe a translationally analogous multistage decision-making task to provide a behavioral platform for conducting neuroscience studies of decision-making in rats. We provide the first evidence that choice behavior in rats is influenced by model-free and model-based systems and demonstrate that model-based, but not model-free, learning is associated with corticostriatal dopamine tone. This novel behavioral paradigm has the potential to yield critical insights into the mechanisms mediating decision-making alterations in mental disorders.
Epidermal Remodeling in Caenorhabditis elegans Dauers Requires the Nidogen Domain Protein DEX-1
Authors: Flatt Kristen M , Beshers Caroline , Unal Cagla , Cohen Jennifer D , Sundaram Meera V , Schroeder Nathan E
Published: November 2018

Phenotypic plasticity is a critical component of an organism’s ability to thrive in a changing environment. The free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans adapts to unfavorable environmental conditions by pausing reproductive development and entering a stress-resistant larval stage known as dauer. The transition into dauer is marked by vast morphological changes, including remodeling of epidermis, neurons, and muscle. Although many of these dauer-specific traits have been described, the molecular basis of dauer-specific remodeling is still poorly understood. Here we show that the nidogen domain-containing protein DEX-1 facilitates stage-specific tissue remodeling during dauer morphogenesis. DEX-1 was previously shown to regulate sensory dendrite formation during embryogenesis. We find that DEX-1 is also required for proper remodeling of the stem cell-like epidermal seam cells. dex-1 mutant dauers lack distinct lateral cuticular alae during dauer and have increased sensitivity to sodium dodecyl sulfate. Furthermore, we find that DEX-1 is required for proper dauer mobility. We show that DEX-1 is secreted from the seam cells during dauer, but acts locally in a cell-autonomous manner. We find that dex-1 expression during dauer is regulated through DAF-16/FOXO–mediated transcriptional activation. Finally, we show that dex-1 acts with a family of zona pellucida domain-encoding genes to regulate dauer-specific epidermal remodeling. Taken together, our data indicate that DEX-1 is an extracellular matrix component that plays a central role in C. elegans epidermal remodeling during dauer.
La poesía de Tania Pleitez Vela: memoria y rememoración
Authors: Jossa Emanuala
Published: November 2018

El presente trabajo propone un estudio de los dos poemarios de la poeta salvadoreña Tania Pleitez Vela, Nostalgia del presente (2014) y Preguerra (2017). Las dos colecciones comparten una poética de la memoria que adquiere rasgos diferentes que se van a analizar. Se aprecia que, de la imposibilidad de asumir el pasado y de nombrar el dolor, se llega al reconocimiento de una pertenencia. Así que en Nostalgia del presente (2014) se perfila el dolido proceso de la rememoración, a través de un yo lirico desamparado e inquieto, mientras que en Preguerra (2017) una voz más ponderada y reflexiva transmite la narración de la memoria.
PERCEPCIÓN ESTUDIANTIL SOBRE EL USO DE ESTRATEGIAS DIDÁCTICAS BASADAS EN EL MODELO PEDAGÓGICO AULA INVERTIDA PARA EL LOGRO DE APRENDIZAJES SIGNIFICATIVOS EN LA ESCUELA DE SECRETARIADO PROFESIONAL DE LA UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL
Authors: Jiménez Vargas Carlos , Guillén Cordero Norieth
Published: November 2018

This article shows the perception of the students of the course Procedimientosde Oficina I, group 01-2018, of the Escuela de Secretariado Profesional ofthe UNA, on the use of didactic strategies based on the pedagogical modelflipped classroom for the development of some of the curricular contents. Thealso known as aula invertida incorporates technology as an innovative toolfor significant learning that allows the student to be an active part of theirlearning process, instead of a content recipient. A mixed investigation allowed,through the use of open and closed questions, determine that 92% of studentsagree that significant learning is achieved through the strategies used and alsohighlight the advantages and disadvantages of this model.Keywords: technology, flipped classroom, significant learning, educationalmodel, autonomous learning.
Estudio bioprospectivo, actividad antibiótica y antioxidante del exocarpio del fruto de santol (Sandoricum koetjape)
Authors: Mesén-Mora Luis Diego , Carvajal-Miranda Yendry , Álvarez-Valverde Víctor , Rodríguez-Rodríguez Gerardo
Published: November 2018

Con el fin de evaluar las principales propiedades antioxidantes y antibióticas del exocarpio del fruto de Santol (Sandoricum koetjape), se realizó una bioprospección sobre este, así como una caracterización del contenido de polifenoles totales y proantocianidinas. Para lo anterior, al material seco y molido del exocarpio se le realizaron diferentes pruebas cuantitativas y fraccionamientos cromatográficos con diversas resinas, con el propósito de obtener metabolitos puros o mezclas de ellos más concentrados. Las fracciones y extractos fueron analizados empleando el método de Folin-Ciocalteu (polifenoles totales), DMAC (proantocianidinas totales) y DPPH (actividad antioxidante), utilizando siempre un patrón tradicional y uno propio de la muestra. Los resultados obtenidos con este último fueron hasta un 80 % más alto en comparación con los patrones tradicionales; además, se determinó cómo las fracciones con un mayor contenido de proantocianidinas presentan una mayor actividad antibiótica, con un 73 ± 4 % sobre la batería S. Aureus y un 42 ± 2 % sobre Bacilus spp., ambos análisis realizados por el método de Kirby-Bauer.
Aspectos computacionales del método de diferencias finitas para la ecuación de calor dependiente del tiempo
Authors: Sequeira-Chavarría Filánder , Ramírez-Bogantes Melvin
Published: November 2018

En este artículo se describe en detalle un algoritmo para la eficiente implementación computacional del método de diferencias finitas (MDF) en la ecuación de calor dependiente del tiempo, con condiciones de frontera de Dirichlet no homogéneas, en dos dimensiones. Para validar el método presentado aquí se utiliza el paquete computacional MATLAB®, sin embargo, los procesos se exponen independientes al lenguaje de programación. Finalmente se presentan resultados numéricos que validan el algoritmo propuesto.
Online Family Problem-solving Treatment for Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Wade Shari L. , Kaizar Eloise E. , Narad Megan , Zang Huaiyu , Kurowski Brad G. , Yeates Keith Owen , Taylor H. Gerry , Zhang Nanhua
Published: November 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

To determine whether online family problem-solving treatment (OFPST) is more effective in improving behavioral outcomes after pediatric traumatic brain injury with increasing time since injury.

METHODS:

This was an individual participant data meta-analysis of outcome data from 5 randomized controlled trials of OFPST conducted between 2003 and 2016. We included 359 children ages 5 to 18 years who were hospitalized for moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury 1 to 24 months earlier. Outcomes, assessed pre- and posttreatment, included parent-reported measures of externalizing, internalizing, and executive function behaviors and social competence.

RESULTS:

Participants included 231 boys and 128 girls with an average age at injury of 13.6 years. Time since injury and age at injury moderated OFPST efficacy. For earlier ages and short time since injury, control participants demonstrated better externalizing problem scores than those receiving OFPST (Cohen’s d = 0.44; P = .008; n = 295), whereas at older ages and longer time since injury, children receiving OFPST had better scores (Cohen’s d = −0.60; P = .002). Children receiving OFPST were rated as having better executive functioning relative to control participants at a later age at injury, with greater effects seen at longer (Cohen’s d = −0.66; P = .009; n = 298) than shorter (Cohen’s d = −0. 28; P = .028) time since injury.

CONCLUSIONS:

OFPST may be more beneficial for older children and when begun after the initial months postinjury. With these findings, we shed light on the optimal application of family problem-solving treatments within the first 2 years after injury.
A tailor-made crop growth model for the tomato production systems in Colombia
Authors: Gil Rodrigo , Bojacá Aldana Carlos Ricardo , Schrevens Eddie
Published: November 2018

Potential crop models simulate the plant growth under nonlimiting biophysical conditions with no other factor than the climate to which the plants are exposed to. These models may fail to adequately represent the crop performance if they are not adapted to the local conditions. The particularities of Colombian tomato systems (greenhouse and open field) demand the recalibration of existing models to make a more realistic representation of those systems. Therefore, a locally calibrated crop model was proposed considering both production systems. To this purpose, four on-farm calibration experiments were carried out, two under greenhouse conditions with average temperatures of 17.4 and 17.9ºC in Santa Sofía (Boyacá) and two under open field conditions in Páramo and San Gil (Santander), with average temperatures of 20.6 and 24.0ºC, respectively. The crops were commercially managed according to the local practices. Plant data was collected through destructive measurements carried out on a fortnightly basis, while climate data were collected for the entire crop growth cycle. Independent calibration of the dry matter fractions allocated at the plant organs in function of thermal time resulted in an acceptable model performance. The calibration of the model under commercial conditions gave a better representation of the local systems but at the expense of accuracy since on-farm experiments cannot be controlled as those performed in research facilities.
A second record of the recently described Brachycephalus albolineatus Bornschein, Ribeiro, Blackburn, Stanley & Pie, 2016 (Anura, Brachycephalidae)
Authors: Teixeira Larissa , Ribeiro Luiz F. , Côrrea Leandro , Confetti André E. , Pie Marcio R. , Bornschein Marcos R.
Published: November 2018

When Brachycephalus albolineatus was described, it was known only from its type locality in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Here we provide a new record for the species. Collected specimens were identified in comparison with the type series. We collected 7 specimens in Morro do Garrafão, municipality of Corupá, state of Santa Catarina, at 500–530 m above sea level, in December 2016. The new record is 22 km away from the type locality and also extends the altitudinal distribution of the species, which was previously between 790–835 m above sea level.
CAUSAS QUE DETERMINAN LAS DIFICULTADES DE LA INCORPORACIÓN DE LAS TIC EN LAS AULAS DE CLASES - Causes that determine the difficulties in the onboarding process of ICT in classrooms
Authors: Sierra Llorente José Gregorio , Palmezano Córdoba Yenerys Areola , Romero Mora Boris Sandy
Published: November 2018

Las dificultades presentadas por los docentes en implementar las TIC, en el proceso de enseñanza y de aprendizaje en las aulas de clases de las instituciones educativas de la ciudad de Riohacha – La Guajira, han transformado la forma de educar, requiriendo el desarrollo profesional del profesor en un entorno tecnológico que facilite la creación de nuevos ambientes educativos mediante el uso de estrategias pedagógicas en las aulas de las instituciones educativa.  El propósito del presente artículo fue analizar los factores que determinan las dificultades de la incorporación de las TIC en las aulas de clases. El sustento teórico estuvo respaldado en varios autores como Riveros y Mendoza, (2008), Monsalve (2015), Touriñán (2007), UNESCO (2013), Coll (2007), entre otros. Es un estudio de tipo descriptivo, con diseño no experimental y de campo, se utilizó la técnica de la encuesta personal, trabajo de campo y observaciones dentro de las instalaciones educativas. Llegándose a la conclusión que se requieren de unos espacios físicos adecuados y los equipos tecnológico actuales, no son suficiente para la demanda de las exigencias de los docentes y estudiantes, no existen recursos económicos suficientes para adquisición, mantenimiento, para la capacitación continua y permanente en TIC, lo cual hace que muchos docentes se rehúsen a usar las nuevas tecnologías educativas.
MOTIVACIÓN DEL APRENDIZAJE EN LINEA - Motivation for online learning
Authors: Abril Lancheros Myriam Stella
Published: November 2018

Elpresentedocumentotienecomoobjetivorealizarunarevisiónbibliográfica sobre la motivación del aprendizaje en línea en algunos países de América Latina, y las variables tanto internas como externas que se presentan en el estudiante para poder culminar con éxito un programa de formación virtual. Como resultado de ello se hace referencia a quince investigaciones desarrolladas y publicadas en revistas científicas, tales como Dialnet, Redalyc, Psichotema, entre otras. Los éxitos de culminación en cualquier programa de formación virtual aportan persuasivamente a los agentes académicos, generando estrategias motivacionales para las personas que desean incursionar en dicha modalidad de aprendizaje; de otro lado, evidencia indicadores a los empresarios, que permiten dar una mirada crítica y objetiva en la inclusión de talento humano en diversas áreas de conocimiento y habilidades de competencia tecnológica. En esta revisión se incluyen los conceptos de motivación intrinseca/extrinseca, aprendizaje, y entornos virtuales. Comohallazgo,en la búsqueda de la literatura se encontró que en el año 2012 en Colombia se capacitaron en estrategias apoyadas en las TIC alrededor de 10.000 docentes, 13 instituciones de Educación Superior con 37 programas en todos los niveles educativos.
SMAD4 Mutation in Small Cell Transformation of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutated Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: D'Haene Nicky , Le Mercier Marie , Salmon Isabelle , Mekinda Zita , Remmelink Myriam , Berghmans Thierry
Published: November 2018

The large screening of exons 18 to 21 of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene may lead to the discovery of rare, atypical molecular alterations for which the sensitivity to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) remains uncertain. We are reporting a rare exon 18 EGFR mutation (p.E709_710 > D) that confers sensitivity to second-generation EGFR TKI (afatinib), lasting for 1 year. Tumor progression biopsy showed small cell lung cancer transformation, associated with a SMAD4 mutation.

Key Points

A rare exon 18 epidermal growth factor receptor mutation with sensitivity to afatinib is reported. Small cell transformation was observed at tumor progression. Acquisition of a SMAD4 mutation was observed at tumor progression.
First-in-Human Phase I Study of MBC-11, a Novel Bone-Targeted Cytarabine-Etidronate Conjugate in Patients with Cancer-Induced Bone Disease
Authors: Zinnen Shawn Patrick , Karpeisky Alexander , Von Hoff Daniel D. , Plekhova Larisa , Alexandrov Alexander
Published: November 2018

Lessons Learned

Results are consistent with MBC-11 targeting and treating cancer-induced bone lesions by concentrating cytarabine and etidronate at the site of disease. MBC-11 was well tolerated, with an maximum tolerated dose of 5 mg/kg per day and myelosuppression as the principal toxicity. Treatment significantly reduced cancer cell activity in over half of bone lesions detected at baseline. MBC-11 pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters are consistent with the novel drug design goals, and encouraging results warrant further clinical development.

Background

MBC-11 is a first-in-class conjugate of the bone-targeting bisphosphonate etidronate covalently linked to the antimetabolite cytarabine (araC). This first-in-human phase I dose escalation study assessed safety, tolerability, maximum tolerated dose (MTD), plasma pharmacokinetics, bone turnover, tumor biomarkers, and bone lesion activity by fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG-PET/CT) imaging.

Methods

Fifteen patients with advanced solid cancers and cancer-induced bone disease (CIBD) were treated with 0.5–10 mg/kg per day of MBC-11 administered daily for 5 days of every 4 weeks for up to four cycles.

Results

Grade 1–2 myelosuppression, involving all lineages, was the principal toxicity. Two of three patients treated with 10 mg/kg experienced dose-limiting grade 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia (adverse event [AE] duration ≤5 days); the MTD was 5 mg/kg. Four of five patients with pretreatment elevations of the bone resorption marker TRAP5b (tartrate resistant acid phosphatase-5b) had persistent decrements. Six of 13 patients who reported baseline pain noted a reduction after MBC-11. 18F-FDG-PET/CT imaging demonstrated partial metabolic responses in three patients and stable metabolic responses in three other patients. SUVmax (standard unit of emission normalized to total uptake) was reduced by at least 25% in 110 (52%) of 211 bone lesions. Significant activity was noted across all doses, and myelosuppression increased with dose.

Conclusion

At MBC-11 doses that were well tolerated, substantial reductions in metabolic activity of bone-associated cancer cells provide a foundation for further disease-directed efficacy studies.
Briefing: Landfill mining for energy recovery in tropical developing countries
Authors: Machado Sandro L , Carvalho Miriam F , Torres Ednildo A , Santos Átila C , Karimpour-Fard Mehran
Published: November 2018

This paper discusses landfill mining (LM) and uses data from tropical landfills in a preliminary analysis of its applicability. It is shown that there is a tendency of concentration of components with high calorific values over time, the contrary occurring with the municipal solid waste (MSW) water content, w, which is normally smaller for aged samples compared to that for fresh ones. This encourages LM adoption in various landfills since more energy can be recovered from MSW with the use of thermal recovery methods (TRMs) and less energy is necessary for MSW drying. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that 4–6 years is enough for most biological processes to occur in the field in tropical regions, making the use of LM possible in few years after landfill closing. The use of TRMs such as gasification is interesting because the produced hydrogen gas (H2) can be used for electrical power generation similar to methane (CH4). However, the use of thermal energy recovery methods in MSW components can result in dangerous atmospheric emissions, which must be controlled and rigorously monitored, as well as the stability of the MSW mass during the excavation process.
Impact of transient seepage on slope stability of earth-rock dams with geomembrane barrier defects
Authors: Cen Weijun , Li Dengjun , Wang Hui
Published: November 2018

The water–air two-phase unsaturated seepage theory was employed to analyse the transient seepage field of an earth-rock dam with an impervious geomembrane barrier during rapid drawdown of the reservoir. Discussed is the resulting seepage behaviour of the dam after locations of defects in geomembranes and hydraulic conductivity of dam materials were changed. In addition, the unsaturated soil strength theory was used to calculate the anti-sliding safety factor of the upstream dam slope during drawdown. The uncertainty of effective stress parameters of dam materials was considered, and the Monte Carlo method was employed in the reliability analysis of the stability of the upstream dam slope. The results indicate that the location of defects has a significant influence on the initial phreatic surface distribution and the seepage flux mainly depends on the hydraulic conductivity of dam materials. Geomembranes with defects on the dam surface have an apparent hysteresis effect on the descending of the phreatic surface when the reservoir level drops, which causes a great decrease in the stability of the upstream dam slope. Matric suction significantly affects the stability of the upstream dam slope, while the air phase has little effect on slope stability when geomembranes are placed on the upstream surface of the dam.
Briefing: Dynamic mode couplings of railway composite track slabs
Authors: Kaewunruen Sakdirat , Kimani Stephen Kimindiri
Published: November 2018

Steel–concrete composite railway track slabs are a financially viable alternative for the modular construction of railway slab tracks and for the replacement of resilient timber transoms on railway bridges, and design and experiments have been carried out to investigate their technical feasibility. Extended findings based on dynamic eigenvalue analyses of a precast steel–concrete composite slab panel for a track support structure are presented in this paper. The natural frequencies of the railway composite slab were investigated using the finite-element package Abaqus. Dynamic eigenmodes were then extracted using the Lanczos method. Modal cross-over phenomena were clearly observed when the design mass of the track slab was changed. This paper highlights the unprecedented dynamic mode coupling effects on composite track slabs over a railway bridge. This insight can be used to improve practical noise- and vibration-control technologies through composite material design, resulting in quieter railway track slabs.
The mechanical behaviour of T-stubs with four bolts per row
Authors: Haouas Samira , Abidelah Anis , Kerdal Djamel Eddine , Bouchaïr Abdelhamid
Published: November 2018

In recent years, work has been dedicated to studying the behaviour of T-stubs with two bolts per row, which are covered in EN 1993-1-8:2005. Joints with four bolts per row are used in some cases, but they are not covered in the standards. The mechanical behaviour of a T-stub with four bolts per row was therefore analysed in this study, focusing on analysis of the evolution of the bolt forces and the prying force. The developed models were validated by comparing their results with experimental data. The parameters studied were the distances to the edges, the distance between the bolts and the position of the contact zone under the T-stub flange. Different measuring techniques were used to follow the displacement of the flange and the axial deformation of the bolts.
HAÇLI SEFERLERİNDE MENBİC
Authors: KARAKUŞ Nadir
Published: November 2018

Tarihi
Asurlulara dayanan Menbic, Fırat nehrinin batısında önemli bir yol
güzergâhındadır. Tarihte önemli medeniyetlere ve hanedanlara ev sahipliği yapan
şehir, Haçlılar 1098’de bölgeye geldikten sonra pek çok acı yaşamış ve Müslüman
yöneticiler arasındaki ayrılıklara şahit olmuş, hatta bunların müsebbibi
olmuştur. Antakya’nın Haçlılar tarafından ele geçirilmesinde birbirleri ile
rekabet halindeki Müslüman emirlerin de büyük rolü vardı. Bu ayrılığa Menbic
yöneticisi de katılmış, daha sonra bu muhalifliğini sürdürmüştür. Haçlıların
korkulu rüyası olan Belek, çıkan bir isyanı bastırmak için geldiği Menbic
önlerinde atılan bir okla öldürülmüştü. Bu ölüm, muhasara edilen Sûr şehrinin
Haçlıların eline geçmesini sağlamış, onların buradan deniz yolu ile Avrupa’dan
yardım almalarını ve bölgede daha rahat tutunmalarını sağlamıştı.

İmadeddin
Zengî döneminde huzura erişen Menbic, daha sonra bölgede hâkimiyet kuran
Nureddin ve Selahaddin’e de sorun çıkarmaya devam etmişti. Mısır ve Kuzey
Suriye’deki işleri ile ilgilenen Nureddin, bir de Menbic’deki isyanla uğraşmak
zorunda kalmıştı. Selahaddin ise, Haçlılar ve Halep’teki muhaliflerine karşı
mücadele ederken Menbic’in asî yöneticisi ile de uğraşıyor, diğer olaylara
zamanında müdahale edemiyordu. Bu gelişmeler de Haçlıların işine yarıyor,
onların yağma ve talanlarını devam ettirmelerine imkân sağlıyordu. Menbic,
muhalif ve asi olduğu kadar, önemli olayların da cereyan ettiği mühim bir durak
idi.
Bounce PCR v1
Authors: Mugford Sam , Hogenhout Saskia
Published: November 2018

Bounce PCR: optimisation free PCR for synthetic biology cloning applications. Synthetic biology projects require the cloning of multiple DNA components, and increasingly this is done though in-vitro gene synthesis. This remains an expensive alternative to traditional cloning by PCR. However, PCR often requires time-consuming optimisation. Bounce PCR is a largely optimisation-free PCR method suitable for the rapid cloning of multiple targets. Bounce PCR is a modified version of Touchdown PCR that takes advantage of primer-extension sequences -commonly used in molecular cloning – to successfully amplify most DNA fragments without time consuming optimisation. Touchdown (and related methods) employ a sequential lowering of the annealing temperature over successive cycles to minimise non-specific primer-binding during the early amplification cycles, but maximise amplification efficiency in later cycles when the target amplicon is more abundant (Don et al. 1991; Rowther et al. 2012). However, the lower annealing temperature in later cycles may still allow for non-specific amplification. Bounce PCR takes advantage of the increased primer melting temperature caused by the addition to the template of primer-extension sequences (for example: restriction enzyme recognition sites, Gateway recombination sites, or vector overlaps for Gibson cloning) to maintain the septicity in later cycles- without sacrificing efficiency- by increasing the annealing temperature again after an initial round of touchdown. Don, R. H., Cox, P. T., Wainwright, B. J., Baker, K., & Mattick, J. S. (1991). 'Touchdown' PCR to circumvent spurious priming during gene amplification. Nucleic acids research, 19(14), 4008. Rowther, F. B., Kardooni, H., & Warr, T. (2012). TOUCH-UP gradient amplification method. Journal of biomolecular techniques : JBT, 23(1), 1-3.
Protocolos da anestesiologia do ICS v1
Authors: Magalhães Nunes Guimarães Gabriel
Published: November 2018

Protocolos da equipe de anestesiologia do Instituto Castro e Santos (Distrito Federal)
Human Heart Nuclei Isolation for DroNc-seq v2
Authors: Lozano Stephanie
Published: November 2018

Recent advances in single cell mRNA sequencing technology such as Drop-seq (Cell, 2015) have allowed the investigation of cellular composition and processes within complex tissues. Although some fresh tissue samples are available for prospective studies, there is an abundance of archived clinical samples readily available in biobanks to investigate different biological processes. However, archived tissues are not easily amenable to tissue digestion, yielding cells with compromised integrity. An alternate method to single-cell sequencing called DroNc-seq (Nature Methods, 2017) employs the use of single nuclei. DroNc-seq takes advantage of the higher structural integrity of the nuclear membrane as compared to the cellular membrane. This permits exploration of tissues for which a viable single-cell suspension cannot be obtained, such as cardiac tissue. With growing interest in cataloguing cardiac transcriptomic data for the Human Cell Atlas Project, the need for optimized nuclei isolation protocols proves critical. Here, we develop a method for obtaining single-nucleus suspensions from snap-frozen human heart tissue for use in DroNc-seq, expanding the variety of samples from which we can obtain transcriptomic data.
Feeding bacteria to house flies for microbe fate and gene expression analysis. v2
Authors: Nayduch Dana , Meier Hayley , Mccoy Christine
Published: November 2018

Objective: To feed individual house flies a specific amount of bacteria in order todetermine bacteria “fate” (persistence, via enumeration; spatiotemporal location, viamicroscopy) and house fly immune response (whole fly or tissue-specific, via downstream mRNA or protein expression analyses)
Academic Procrastination in the Structure of Learning Activity Styles in Students
Authors: Miklyaeva A.V. , Bezgodova S.A. , Vasileva S.V. , Rumyantseva P.V. , Solntseva N.V.
Published: November 2018

The paper focuses on one of the aspects of student behaviour, academic procrastination, in the context of learning activity organization. Since academic procrastination is highly prevalent in student environment, it can be assumed that its manifestations are stable characteristics of the individual’s learning activity style at the stage of university education. We present outcomes of a study that involved 449 students of different universities aged 17—23 and evaluated the indicators of learning activity styles with respect to academic procrastination. In this study we identify the psychological structure of the phenomenon, describing four types of academic procrastination and two ‘protection factors’. We outline the prevalence of different types of academic procrastination and different learning activity styles across the entire sample as well as across the subsamples of students of different universities. Also, we reveal two fundamentally opposite types of correlation between academic procrastination and learning styles (rs, p<0,01) that can be characterized as “Taking the risk of academic procrastination” and “Protecting oneself from academic procrastination”.
Performance Anxiety in Slovak Students at Adolescent and Young Age
Authors: Chmelárová Z. , Čonková A. , Šoltés E.
Published: November 2018

The paper presents outcomes of a study on the levels of performance anxiety in Slovak school and university students in adolescence and early adulthood from a gender perspective and depending on their educational stage. The research sample consisted of 589 respondents, 270 students of secondary schools and 319 students of the Economic University. The data was collected using a standardized questionnaire KSAT [13] and brainstorming method. The following hypotheses were tested: 1) there are statistically significant differences in the level of anxiety between males and females; 2) performance anxiety decreases with age. Our research didn’t confirm the direct impact of sex on stage fright; nor did it prove that performance anxiety decreases with age. A statistically significant difference in the level of stage fright between males and females was found only in the second-year university students (p-value = 0.0001).In our pedagogical practice, we will focus on the development and implementation of special strategies for overcoming stage fright that would fit every person.
A reinvenção da gramática em sala de aula / The Reinvention of Grammar in the Classroom
Authors: Silva Gustavo Augusto Fonseca
Published: November 2018

Resumo: As discussões sobre as falhas e inconsistências teóricas das gramáticas tradicionais ganharam impulso no Brasil nos anos 1980. Apesar disso, velhos problemas como definições incoerentes dos conceitos gramaticais ainda são encontrados em gramáticas recém-publicadas no país por autores como Amini Hauy, Mário Perini e Lorenzo Vitral. Em vista dessa situação, neste artigo explicita-se, com base nos textos do filósofo Ludwig Wittgenstein sobre “semelhanças de família” e nos trabalhos clássicos da psicóloga Eleanor Rosch sobre categorização, por que os conceitos gramaticais, de modo geral, não têm limites fixos nem podem ser coerentemente definidos. Além disso, considerando-se esse fato, e seguindo os princípios da pedagogia libertadora de Paulo Freire, argumenta-se que o professor de língua portuguesa nos níveis fundamental e médio deve estimular os alunos a elaborar suas próprias classificações e definições gramaticais, em diálogo com o trabalho de nossos gramáticos e linguistas.Palavras-chave: ensino de gramática; conceitos gramaticais; categorização; pedagogia libertadora; Paulo Freire.Abstract: Discussions on flaws and inconsistencies in traditional grammar theories grew in Brazil in the 1980s. Notwithstanding, old issues such as incoherent definitions of grammar concepts can still be found in grammar books recently published by Brazilian authors such as Amini Hauy, Mário Perini, and Lorenzo Vitral. In light of that matter, based on the work by philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein on family resemblance and on classical works by psychologist Eleanor Rosch on categorization, this article explains why grammar concepts, generally speaking, do not have fixed limits nor can be coherently defined. Moreover, by also considering Pedagogy of Freedom by Paulo Freire, this paper argues that elementary, middle, and high school Portuguese teachers must encourage students to create grammar definitions and classes while conversing with works by Brazilian grammarians and linguists.Keywords: grammar teaching; grammar concepts; categorization; pedagogy of freedom; Paulo Freire.
O gênero da expressão convencional ‘cabra’: um modelo categorial com extensões metafóricas e suas implicações de natureza cultural / The Gender of Conventional Expression ‘Cabra’, A Model of Category With Metaphorical Extensions and Cultural Issues
Authors: Cavalcanti Fernanda Carneiro , Ferreira Luciane Corrêa
Published: November 2018

Resumo: Este artigo apresenta discussão subsidiada por resultados obtidos com pesquisa sobre a natureza do pareamento entre forma e significado da expressão convencional ‘cabra’, sobretudo, a sua variação de gênero. À luz dos postulados da Teoria da Metáfora Conceptual, especialmente Goatly (2007), Kövecses (2010) e Lakoff (1987), examinam-se os aspectos de natureza cognitiva, cultural e histórica atuantes no processo de conceptualização de tal expressão, usada, sobretudo, no Nordeste do Brasil, para se referir tanto a animal de gênero feminino como a homem. Dessa forma, analisam-se definições dos primeiros dicionários gerais de língua portuguesa (BLUTEAU, 1712; SILVA, 1823) e contemporâneos (HOUAISS, 2008; FERREIRA, 2010), além de definições de dicionários etimológicos (MACHADO, 1952) e dados coletados a partir de aplicação de três questionários junto a 93 sujeitos, no período de 2010 a 2013. Há evidências de que a variação de gênero de tal expressão está relacionada ao situamento sociocultural dos falantes residentes no Nordeste do Brasil.Palavras-chave: pareamento forma e significado; variação de gênero; cabra; situamento sociocultural.Abstract: This article presents a discussion supported by the results obtained in a research about the nature of the link between form and meaning of the conventional expression ‘Cabra’, especially its gender variation. In light of the Conceptual Metaphor Theory approach, in special Goatly (2007), Kövecses (2010), Lakoff (1987) the cultural, historical and cognitive aspects involved in the conceptualization of such expression, mostly used in the Northeast of Brazil, to refer to bothfemale gender of animal and men were analysed. Therefore, definitions in the first general dictionaries of the Portuguese language (BLUTEAU, 1712; SILVA, 1823) contemporary dictionaries (HOUAIS, 2008; FERREIRA, 2010), etymological dictionaries (MACHADO, 1952) and also data collected from the application of three questionnaires to 93 participants from 2010 to 2013 were examined. The evidence found suggests that gender variation is related to the sociocultural situatedness of the members of the community from the Northeast of Brazil.Keywords: form and meaning pairing; gender variation; cabra (goat); sociocultural situatedness.
Desvendando a prosódia do sotaque estrangeiro: produção e percepção do acento tônico no inglês por falantes brasileiros / Unraveling foreign accent prosody: production and perception of lexical stress in English by Brazilian Portuguese speakers
Authors: Modesto Filipe , Barbosa Plinio Almeida
Published: November 2018

Resumo: muitos adultos aprendizes de uma L2 possuem algum grau de sotaque. Contribui para esse sotaque a não adequada realização do acento tônico (AT), que tem papel preponderante para a estruturação prosódica da fala. 24 falantes do português brasileiro (PB) de quatro níveis autorreferidos de inglês americano (IA) participaram de testes de produção e percepção de AT. Os dados acústicos de produção dos participantes, assim como os escores na marcação da posição acentual foram coletados e comparados com um sujeito nativo. Os parâmetros acústicos de maior relevância para a realização do AT dos falantes do PB foram a duração, intensidade total e intensidade relativa das sílabas acentuadas. Os escores de percepção foram maiores do que os de produção, de modo geral. As palavras com acento inicial foram as que tiveram maior número de acertos tanto na produção quanto na percepção. Os falantes nativos do PB de todos os níveis empregam os mesmos parâmetros acústicos de acentuação da L1 no IA, sendo que estes tendem a se aproximar dos do nativo à medida em que o nível de inglês aumenta. O cognatismo não foi relevante para o uso dos parâmetros acústicos empregados na marcação do acento, mas influenciou os escores da posição acentual.Palavras-chave: sotaque estrangeiro; acento tônico; fonética acústica.Abstract: many adults who learn a second language have a foreign accent to some extent. The misproduction of lexical stress (LS), which plays an important role in the prosodic structure of speech, contributes to the perception of a heavier foreign accent. Twenty-four Brazilian Portuguese (BP) speakers of English of four different self-reported levels underwent tests of production and perception of LS. This study aimed to describe how production and perception of lexical stress happen to BP speakers of four different self-reported levels. Acoustic data, as well as the percentage of scores in stress placement, were collected and compared to the production of a native speaker of American English (AmE). Syllable duration, total intensity, and relative intensity were the most important parameters used by the BP speakers to stress syllables. Hits in the perception task were greater than the production task, overall. Initially stressed words had the greatest hits in both production and perception. Overall, the BP speakers from this use, in AmE, the same acoustic parameters used in BP for signaling LS. The production, in regards of acoustic parameters use, gets closer to the native when the proficiency level increases. Cognate words were not relevant in the acoustic parameters choice of the speakers, but they were relevant for the stress position hits. Keywords: foreign accent; lexical stress; acoustic phonetics.
Corpus CEFALA-1: Base de dados audiovisual de locutores para estudos de biometria, fonética e fonologia / Corpus CEFALA-1: Audiovisual Database of Speakers for Biometric, Phonetic and Phonology Studies
Authors: Follador Neto Arlindo , Silva Adelino Pinheiro , Yehia Hani Camille
Published: November 2018

Resumo: A fala humana tem sido estudada em diferentes áreas do conhecimento, as quais incluem desde biometria até fonética e fonologia. Nas pesquisas realizadas em tais áreas, amostras da fala são recursos necessários para a obtenção de resultados e validação de hipóteses. Para isso, amostras de diferentes locutores e conteúdos são armazenadas em arquivos de áudio e organizadas em bases de dados. Tais bases de dados permitem a continuidade, praticidade e confiabilidade de pesquisas, eliminando a difícil e demorada etapa de coleta de dados. Além disso, permitem comparações consistentes entre estudos diferentes. Entretanto, bases de acesso livre na língua portuguesa ou gravadas em ambiente controlado são raramente encontradas. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi construir uma base de dados pública e gratuita do português brasileiro, nomeada Corpus CEFALA-1. A base de dados reúne 104 locutores orientados por um protocolo específico para coleta de amostras audiovisuais de fala gravadas em estúdio. Este trabalho apresenta as metodologias de processamento, segmentação e organização às quais as amostras de fala foram submetidas, além de análises estatísticas, aplicação à verificação biométrica e análises fonético-fonológicas preliminares do corpus.Palavras-chave: corpus de locutores; biometria; fonética e fonologia; base de dados audiovisual.Abstract: Human speech has been studied in different areas of knowledge, which range from biometry to phonetics and phonology. In research conducted in such areas, speech samples are necessary resources for obtaining results and validating hypotheses. For this, samples of different speakers and contents are stored in audio files and organized into databases. Such databases allow the continuity, practicality and reliability of studies, eliminating the difficult and time consuming step of data collection. Moreover, they allow consistent comparisons between different studies. However, free access databases in the Portuguese language or recorded in controlled environments are rarely found. The objective of this paper is to construct a free and public database of Brazilian Portuguese, named Corpus CEFALA-1. The database comprises 104 speakers guided by a specific protocol for the collection of audiovisual speech samples recorded in a studio. The paper presents the methodologies for processing, segmentation and organization of speech samples, statistical analysis, application to biometric verification and preliminary phonetic-phonological analyses.Keywords: corpus of speakers; biometry; phonetics and phonology; audiovisual database.