bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crystalline silica-induced recruitment and immuno-imbalance of CD4+ tissue resident memory T cells promote silicosis progression
Authors: You Yichuan , Wu Xiulin , Yuan Haoyang , He Yangyang , Chen Yinghui , Wang Sisi , Min Hui , Chen Jie , Li Chao
Published: August 2024

Occupational crystalline silica (CS) particle exposure leads to silicosis. The burden of CS-associated disease remains high, and treatment options are limited due to vague mechanisms. Here we show that pulmonary CD4+ tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) accumulate in response to CS particles, mediating the pathogenesis of silicosis. The TRM cells are derived from peripheral lymphocyte recruitment and in situ expansion. Specifically, CD69+CD103+ TRM-Tregs depend more on circulating T cell replenishment. CD69 and CD103 can divide the TRM cells into functionally distinct subsets, mirroring the immuno-balance within CD4+ TRM cells. However, targeting CD103+ TRM-Tregs do not mitigate disease phenotype since the TRM subsets exert immunosuppressive but not pro-fibrotic roles. After identifying pathogenic CD69+CD103- subsets, we highlight IL-7 for their maintenance and function, that present a promising avenue for mitigating silicosis. Together, our findings highlight the distinct role of CD4+ TRM cells in mediating CS-induced fibrosis and provide potential therapeutic strategies.
Mechanism of allosteric inhibition of human p97/VCP ATPase and its disease mutant by triazole inhibitors
Authors: Nandi Purbasha , DeVore Kira , Wang Feng , Li Shan , Walker Joel D. , Truong Thanh Tung , LaPorte Matthew G. , Wipf Peter , Schlager Heidi , McCleerey John , Paquette William , Columbres Rod Carlo A. , Gan Taiping , Poh Yu-Ping , Fromme Petra , Flint Andrew J. , Wolf Mark , Huryn Donna M. , Chou Tsui-Fen , Chiu Po-Lin
Published: August 2024

Human p97 ATPase is crucial in various cellular processes, making it a target for inhibitors to treat cancers, neurological, and infectious diseases. Triazole allosteric p97 inhibitors have been demonstrated to match the efficacy of CB-5083, an ATP-competitive inhibitor, in cellular models. However, the mechanism is not well understood. This study systematically investigates the structures of new triazole inhibitors bound to  both wild-type and disease mutant forms of p97 and measures their effects on function. These inhibitors bind at the interface of the D1 and D2 domains of each p97 subunit, shifting surrounding helices and altering the loop structures near the C-terminal α2 G helix to modulate domain-domain communications. A key structural moiety of the inhibitor affects the rotameric conformations of interacting side chains, indirectly modulating the N-terminal domain conformation in p97 R155H mutant. The differential effects of inhibitor binding to wild-type and mutant p97 provide insights into drug design with enhanced specificity, particularly for oncology applications.
Probing ferroelectric domain structures and their switching dynamics in SrBi2Ta2O9 by in-situ electric biasing in transmission electron microscopy
Authors: Mun Junsik , Huang Fei-Ting , Pivak Yevheniy , Fang Xiaochen , Camino Fernando , Cheong Sang-Wook , Zhu Yimei , Han Myung-Geun
Published: August 2024

Lead-free SrBi2Ta2O9 (SBT) has been a promising ferroelectric material for various applications such as electronics and data storage due to its outstanding ferroelectric properties including high fatigue endurance and low leakage current. However, the atomic-scale domain structure and switching dynamics of ferroelectric SBT remain elusive. This study reveals that spontaneous polarization arises from canted bismuth-cation displacements, forming 90° and Ising-type 180° domain walls. Interestingly, topological pairs of ferroelectric vortex and antivortex connect ferroelectric boundaries where three domain walls converge. In situ electrical biasing transmission electron microscopy (TEM) reveals the dominance of 180° switching over 90°, where oxygen octahedral connectivity is protected by ferroelastic energy in the 90° domain wall. Consequently, all 180° domain walls and (anti)vortices are removed, leaving only 90° domain walls in the electrically poled states. Chemical deterioration along domain walls highlights vulnerability of SBT to ferroelectric fatigue. This study provides insight into crucial aspects for practical applications of SBT.
Hydroxyurea mobile directly observed therapy versus standard monitoring in patients with sickle cell anemia: a phase 2 randomized trial
Authors: Sasi Philip , Makubi Abel , Sangeda Raphael Z. , Ngaeje Mariam Y. , Mmbando Bruno P. , Soka Joseph , Rosano Caterina , Magesa Alex S. , Cox Sharon E. , Makani Julie , Novelli Enrico M.
Published: August 2024

Background

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) prevalence remains high in sub-Saharan Africa. Long-term treatment with hydroxyurea (HU) increases survival, however, poor adherence to treatment could limit effectiveness. Whilst HU treatment adherence is currently high, this might decrease over time.

Methods

We conducted a single-center, randomized, open-label, parallel group phase 2 controlled clinical trial to determine whether mobile Directly Observed Therapy (m-DOT) increases HU treatment adherence (NCT02844673). Eligible participants were adults with homozygous SCA. People on a chronic blood transfusion program, with hemoglobin (Hb) A levels greater than 20% of the total Hb, total Hb less than 4 g/dL, pregnant or HIV positive were excluded. After a 3-month pre-treatment period participants were randomized to either m-DOT or standard monitoring arm. All participants received smart mobile phones and were treated with HU (15 mg/kg) daily for three months. In the m-DOT arm, drug intake was video recorded on cell phone by the participant and the video sent to the study team. The primary objective was to evaluate the effect of m-DOT on adherence to HU treatment by medication possession ratio (MPR).

Results

Of the 86 participants randomized, 76 completed the trial (26.13 ± 6.97 years, 63.5 % female). Adherence was high (MPR > 95 %) in both groups, 29 (80.6 %) in m-DOT versus 37 (94.9 %) in the standard monitoring arm (P = 0.079). No HU treatment was withheld from participants due to safety concerns.

Conclusions

m-DOT did not increase adherence to HU treatment. We recommend that further testing in larger trials with a longer follow up period be undertaken.
Thionyl fluoride as a sulfur(iv) SuFEx hub for the efficient syntheses of sulfinamides and sulfinate esters
Authors: Chappell William P. , Favié Marie , Sammis Glenn M.
Published: August 2024

Herein, we demonstrate a method for the syntheses of sulfinamides and sulfinate esters using a novel sulfur(iv) fluoride exchange reaction with organometallic reagents.
Color-tunable and white circularly polarized luminescence through confining guests into chiral MOFs
Authors: Fu Hong-Ru , Zhang Ruo-Yu , Li Ting , Wei Chen-Ying , Liu Shuang , Xu Jia-Yi , Zhu Xueli , Wei Jiaojiao , Ding Qing-Rong , Ma Lu-Fang
Published: August 2024

Chiral metal–organic frameworks DCF-20 and LCF-20 were utilized as matrices for both chirality transfer and energy transfer. The excitation-dependent and full-color circularly polarized luminescence can be obtained.
Time-resolved serial femtosecond crystallography for investigating structural dynamics of chemical systems
Authors: Moon Jungho , Lee Yunbeom , Ihee Hyotcherl
Published: August 2024

This article highlights the expansion of time-resolved serial femtosecond crystallography (TR-SFX) to chemical systems by overcoming the challenges in SFX for small molecules.
Diversity-oriented synthesis of chromone inden-1-one-fused cyclopentadienylides and C-acylated chromone adducts via allylic phosphorus ylides
Authors: Gurram Durga Prasad , Marri Gangababu , Jothimani Naveen , Chen Yi-Ru , Lin Wenwei
Published: August 2024

Ambident reactivity of allylic phosphorus ylides has been realized in a DOS manner while using various phosphines, delivering a series of chromone adducts in good to high yields.
Correction: Enantioselective total synthesis of atisane diterpenoids: (+)-sapinsigin H, (+)-agallochaol C, and (+)-16α, 17-dihydroxy-atisan-3-one
Authors: Dethe Dattatraya H. , Sharma Nitin , Juyal Sakshi , Singh Prabhakar , Siddiqui Salman A.
Published: August 2024

Correction for ‘Enantioselective total synthesis of atisane diterpenoids: (+)-sapinsigin H, (+)-agallochaol C, and (+)-16α, 17-dihydroxy-atisan-3-one’ by Dattatraya H. Dethe et al., Chem. Commun., 2024, 60, 7866–7869, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4CC01982B.
Synthesis of size-selective MnB crystals in tens of seconds
Authors: Liu Junqi , Qi Ruifeng , Qiao Xiaohua , Huang Qingsong
Published: August 2024

A roasting technique under dynamic magnetic field (RDMF) has been developed to synthesize MnB crystals in tens of seconds. By RDMF, we can size-selectively synthesize centimeter sized bulk MnB and MnB powder with size less than 500 nm.
Unraveling the impact of Ag dopant in Zn–In–S colloidal nanocrystals for boosting visible-light-driven photocatalytic CO2 reduction
Authors: Wang Jing , Ouyang Shenshen , Wang Ye , Wang Xusheng , Ren Xiaohui , Shi Li
Published: August 2024

Ag doped Zn–In–S colloidal nanocrystals.
Synergism between B–N atomic pair for promoting the catalytic cracking of 1,2-dichloroethane
Authors: Yao Yaqi , Zhuo Hongying , Wang Fanan , Bi Guiyue , Xu Jinming , Yang Xiaofeng , Huang Yanqiang
Published: August 2024

Synthesis and structural schematic diagram of BNC catalyst.
Ligand coordination controlled by monomer binding: a hint from DFT for stereoselective lactide polymerization
Authors: D'Alterio Massimo Christian , Moccia Serena , Rusconi Yolanda , De Rosa Claudio , Talarico Giovanni
Published: August 2024

Switching the preference in stereocontrolled rac-LA ROP.
Understanding of magnetic behavior of the pseudo-binary Co2−xNixZn11: in the light of crystal and electronic structures
Authors: Mondal Amit , Kuila Sandip Kumar , Pan Rahul , Patel Shubham , Buxi Krishnendu , Saha Subhadip , Ghanta Sivaprasad , Avdeev Maxim , Jana Partha Pratim
Published: August 2024

The Co2−xNixZn11 forms a γ-brass type structure, where the IT, OH, and CO sites are occupied by Zn, and the OT site is randomly distributed between Ni and Co. The para- to diamagnetism emerges with the increase of Ni content in the Co2−xNixZn11.
Bis(diiminate)-based boron difluoro complexes: effective synthon for bis(borenium) cations
Authors: Parveen Darakshan , Yadav Rahul Kumar , Mondal Bijan , Dallon Marie , Sarazin Yann , Roy Dipak Kumar
Published: August 2024

Templating the synthesis of OTF substituted products or bis(borenium) cations from bis(diiminate)-based difluoro boron complexes.
Accessing five- and seven-membered phosphorus-based heterocycles via cycloaddition reactions of azophosphines
Authors: Calder Ethan D. E. , Male Louise , Jupp Andrew R.
Published: August 2024

Azophosphines have been shown to serve as useful building blocks for 5- and 7-membered heterocycles containing phosphorus and nitrogen. The mechanism of this transformation has been elucidated, and their interactions with B(C6F5)3 probed.
Evaluation of alternative bases to TMAH for tissue extraction of ENMs from tissues prior to spICP-MS analysis
Authors: Sadeghalvad Bahareh , Gray Evan P.
Published: August 2024

Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are used in various consumer and industrial products, including human and biological systems for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
Targeted hydrothermally induced cell biopolymer changes explain the in vitro digestion of starch and proteins in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) cotyledons
Authors: Okelo Erick O. , Wainaina Irene , Duijsens Dorine , Onyango Arnold , Sila Daniel , Grauwet Tara , Hendrickx Marc E. G.
Published: August 2024

Digestion of protein and starch in pulses is a consequence of the interplay of both extrinsic and intrinsic factors which influence their level of encapsulation and physical state, and therefore, their accessibility by the digestive enzymes.
Towards more sustainable cooking practices to increase the bioaccessibility of colourless and provitamin A carotenoids in cooked carrots
Authors: Benítez-González Ana M. , Stinco Carla M. , Rodríguez-Pulido Francisco J. , Vicario Isabel M. , Meléndez-Martínez Antonio J.
Published: August 2024

The effect of different cooking methods (boiling, baking, steaming and microwaving) on the colour and texture of carrots, and on carotenoid bioaccessibility, was investigated to identify the more “sustainable cooking” methods.
Cavity-constrained LIBS combined with the gray wolf optimization algorithm for optimizing bidirectional long short-term memory (GWO-BiLSTM) networks for classification prediction of different brands of cigarettes
Authors: Chen Junjie , Hao Xiaojian , Mo Biming , Li Shuaijun , Ma Junjie , Liang Xiaodong , Wang Zheng , Zhang Heng
Published: August 2024

For the first time, cavity confinement-enhanced laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) combined with chemometrics has been used to realize high-precision classification and identification of different brands of cigarettes.
A non-noble metal Li, Mn co-doped Ni3S2 electrocatalyst for glycerol oxidation synergistic coupling to promote the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Wang Qingtao , Zhou Xiaoling , Jin Hanbin , Guo Lulu , Wu Yanxia , Ren Shufang
Published: August 2024

In this paper, a Li, Mn–Ni3S2@NF catalyst with a nanoflower structure was obtained by a two-step hydrothermal method. The catalyst shows excellent performance as a bifunctional electrode for the GOR and HER.
Retraction: Organic composite photocatalysts from g-C3N4 and a soluble dibenzothiophene-S,S′-dioxide-containing polymer for hydrogen evolution
Authors: Mao Na , Jiang Jia-Xing
Published: August 2024

Retraction of ‘Organic composite photocatalysts from g-C3N4 and a soluble dibenzothiophene-S,S′-dioxide-containing polymer for hydrogen evolution’ by Na Mao et al., New J. Chem., 2022, 46, 20395–20402, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2NJ03733E.
Stereoselective synthesis of the northern hemisphere of the proposed structure of neaumycin B
Authors: Sharma Himangshu , Paul Sujan , Ganguly Swapnamoy , Shankar Auddy Sourya , Kumar Goswami Rajib
Published: August 2024

The stereoselective synthesis of the northern hemisphere (C20–C41) of the purported structure of the extremely potent anticancer natural product neaumycin B has been accomplished.
Long-wavelength near-infrared emission in chromium-activated LiZnNbO4 spinel crystals and valence-converting enhancement via Er3+ ion heterotopic doping
Authors: Song Wen , Zhang Kaiwen , Dong Xiaoyi , Xu Liang , Li Yongjin , Hu Rui , Yin Zhaoyi , Yang Zhengwen , Qiu Jianbei , Song Zhiguo
Published: August 2024

Realizing efficient long-wavelength near-infrared (NIR) emission of Cr3+ ions is still a challenge in spinel-based phosphors due to the limitations of strong crystal fields.
Enabling efficient near-infrared emission in lead-free double perovskite via a codoping strategy
Authors: Yun Xiangyan , Hu Hanlin , Zhong Haizhe , Nie Jingheng , Li Henan , Shi Yumeng
Published: August 2024

The codoping of Ln3+ (Ln = Yb, Nd) in the Cs2NaInCl6:Sb3+ host not only produces PL components from visible to near-infrared regions, but also achieves a high near-infrared PLQY of ∼48.95%.
Solvent accessible surface area-assessed molecular basis of osmolyte-induced protein stability
Authors: Raghunathan Shampa
Published: August 2024

A generic model for solvent-modulated protein folding is developed based on statistical mechanics and the thermodynamic transfer free energy model by considering the microenvironment polarity of the interacting co(solvent)–protein system.
Cell topology during coarsening of simulated three-dimensional dry liquid foams
Authors: Sabik Ihab , Lutz Frank H. , Evans Myfanwy E.
Published: August 2024

This paper analyses the cell topology of simulated 3-dimensional monodisperse dry liquid foams through the process of coarsening, where gas slowly diffuses through the cell interfaces.
Microscale mechanical property variations of Al-substituted LLZO: insights from compression testing and molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Moon Jaron V. , Sakir Md Takmil , Go Wooseok , Xie Rui , Tucker Michael C. , Doeff Marca , Wang Haoran , Warren Roseanne
Published: August 2024

The mechanical response of Al-substituted LLZO to compressive forces was measured using instrumented indentation testing. Large correlated variations in compressive strength are observed across microscale regions of the solid electrolyte.
Biomass materials with special wettability: a sustainable solution for efficient oil–water separation
Authors: Jin Ruirui , Gong Jingling , Xiang Bin , Li Jian
Published: August 2024

Multifunctional applications of biomass materials with special wettability in oil–water separation and other fields.
The ion effect on electrocatalytic oxidation reactions
Authors: Cha Shuangshuang , Cao Xueting , Du Wei , Jin Hanlin , Liu Yujia , Wang Ran , Yang Yizhou , Sun Bing , Yang Xuejing , Gong Ming
Published: August 2024

The ion effect on anodic reactions manifests three major forms: (1) regulate the adsorption energy through non-covalent interactions, (2) regulate the mass transfer behavior, and (3) regulate the interfacial pH by controlling proton transfer.
Perovskite-coated small-size single-crystalline W-doped Ni-rich cathodes with greatly enhanced power density for Li-ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Hujun , Qin Li , Huang Xing , Fang Yaoguo , Yu Haifeng , Cheng Qilin , Jiang Hao
Published: August 2024

Perovskite-coated small-size single-crystalline W-doped Ni-rich Co-poor cathodes shorten the Li-ion diffusion path and suppress interfacial chemical side reactions, resulting in high power density and long cycle life.
Achieving low dielectric constant and high thermal conductivity polymer composites by using larger POSS functionalized boron nitride nanosheets
Authors: Nie Ming-Xi , Wang Jian , Zhang Qin , Han Di , Fu Qiang
Published: August 2024

A series of larger POSS-functionalized boron nitride nanosheets were prepared and utilized to address the trade-off between low dielectric constants and high thermal conductivity in polymer composites.
Small molecule interactions with biomacromolecules: selective sensing of human serum albumin by a hexanuclear manganese complex – photophysical and biological studies
Authors: Khatun Rousunara , Dolai Malay , Sasmal Mihir , Katarkar Atul , Islam Abu Saleh Musha , Yasmin Nasima , Maryum Sana , Haribabu Jebiti , Ali Mahammad
Published: August 2024

A well characterized hexanuclear complex, [Mn6(μ3-O)2(3-MeO-salox)6(OAc)2(H2O)4] (1), selectively interacts with HSA by preferential trapping in the subdomain IIA of site I. It, further, exhibits anticancer activity in lung cancer A549 cells.
Guest-dependent spin transitions in Hofmann-like FeII SCO metal–organic frameworks: hints from quantum chemistry calculations
Authors: Arias-Olivares David , de Armas Rocío Sánchez , Calzado Carmen J.
Published: August 2024

Hints from quantum chemistry calculations on the differential role of the factors that promote or prevent direct transition from the high-spin state to the low-spin state in SCO Hofmann 3D Fe(ii) clathrates.
Gallium nitride for ultrasensitive thermo-active switching in terahertz metamaterial micro–nanophotonic devices
Authors: Liang Lanju , Wu Guifang , Yan Fengping , Wang Wei , Li Ting , Tian Zhongjun , Yan Xin , Li Zhenhua , Zhang Rui , Yao Haiyun , Wang Ziqun , Hu Xiaofei
Published: August 2024

The remarkable conductivity change of GaN under the excitation of a thermal signal is exploited to demonstrate a hybrid GaN metamaterial device that exhibits sensitive switching of the metamaterial resonance within the terahertz spectrum.
Enhancing the efficiency and stability of inverted perovskite solar cells by using 6-(trifluoromethyl)nicotinic acid as a potent defect passivator
Authors: Yadav Deepak , Das Adhikari Ramkrishna , Baishya Himangshu , Patel Mayur Jagdishbhai , Iyer Parameswar Krishnan
Published: August 2024

Incorporating 6-(trifluoromethyl)nicotinic acid into a perovskite precursor enhances the photovoltaic performance and stability of perovskite solar cells through multidentate coordination, controlled crystallization, and a significant reduction in non-radiative recombination centers.
Correction: Photo-gain optimization in multilayer organic phototransistors by study of space-charge limited current
Authors: Baroni Giulia , Reginato Francesco , Prosa Mario , Brucale Marco , Prescimone Federico , Seri Mirko , Gallegos-Rosas Katherine , Soldano Caterina , Bolognesi Margherita , Toffanin Stefano
Published: August 2024

Correction for ‘Photo-gain optimization in multilayer organic phototransistors by study of space-charge limited current’ by Giulia Baroni et al., J. Mater. Chem. C, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4TC01925C.
Coordinated economic and low‐carbon operation strategy for a multi‐energy greenhouse incorporating carbon capture and emissions trading
Authors: Gou Jiahao , Mao Yang , Zhao Xia , Wu Zhenyu
Published: August 2024

Greenhouses need to supply CO2 to crops while simultaneously emitting CO2. To effectively harness the dual functionality of greenhouses as a carbon source and carbon consumer, this work incorporates carbon capture and emissions trading into a multi‐energy greenhouse (MEG), which is equipped with various power and heat sources such as photovoltaic (PV) panels and a combined heat and power (CHP) unit and proposes that the captured CO2 should be used to feed crops on‐site. A low‐carbon economic operation method is proposed for the coordinated environment‐energy‐carbon management of the MEG, and it considers various factors, including the power purchase/carbon supply costs, carbon emissions trading income, temperature/humidity/light intensity and CO2 concentration requirements for crops, and operational constraints of various energy/environmental regulation equipment. The proposed method is validated using a tomato MEG. The results highlight the significant economic and environmental benefits of introducing carbon capture, emissions trading, and utilisation into MEGs.
Carbon envelopes around merging galaxies at z ∼ 4.5
Authors: Di Cesare C. , Ginolfi M. , Graziani L. , Schneider R. , Romano M. , Popping G.
Published: August 2024

Context. Galaxies evolve through a dynamic exchange of material with their immediate surrounding environment, the so-called circumgalactic medium (CGM). Understanding the physics of gas flows and the nature of the CGM is fundamental to studying galaxy evolution, especially at 4 ≤ z ≤ 6 (i.e., after the Epoch of Reionization) when galaxies rapidly assembled their masses and reached their chemical maturity. Galactic outflows are predicted to enrich the CGM with metals, although it has also been suggested that gas stripping in systems undergoing a major merger may play a role.

Aims. In this work, we explore the metal enrichment of the medium around merging galaxies at z ∼ 4.5, observed by the ALMA Large Program to INvestigate [CII] at Early times (ALPINE). To do so, we study the nature of the [CII] 158 μm emission in the CGM around these systems, using simulations to help disentangle the mechanisms contributing to the CGM metal pollution.

Methods. By adopting an updated classification of major merger systems in the ALPINE survey, we selected and analyzed merging galaxies whose components can be spatially and/or spectrally resolved in a robust way. This makes it possible to distinguish between the [CII] emission coming from the single components of the system and that coming from the system as a whole. We also made use of the dustyGadget cosmological simulation to select synthetic analogs of observed galaxies and guide the interpretation of the observational results.

Results. We find a large diffuse [CII] envelope (≳20 kpc) embedding all the merging systems, with at least 25% of the total [CII] emission coming from the medium between the galaxies. Using predictions from dustyGadget, we suggest that this emission has a multi-fold nature, with dynamical interactions between galaxies playing a major role in stripping the gas and enriching the medium with heavy elements.
Characterizing chemical abundance ratios in extremely metal-poor star-forming galaxies in DESI EDR
Authors: Zinchenko I. A. , Sobolenko M. , Vílchez J. M. , Kehrig C.
Published: August 2024

We present a search for galaxies in the local Universe with extremely low oxygen abundance, that is, more than 25 times lower than solar, which corresponds to 12 + log(O/H) < 7.3. To determine the oxygen abundance, we apply the direct Te method for objects where the [O III]λ4363 line is detected. We identified 21 extremely metal-poor galaxies in the early data release of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI EDR), for some of which we also derived N/O, Ne/O, Ar/O, and S/O ratios. We find that many DESI galaxies with extremely low oxygen abundance exhibit a higher N/O ratio in comparison to the reference low-metallicity sample collected from the literature. We suggest that the elevation in N/O ratio may be explained by a contamination with metal-rich gas caused by gas inflow or a merger event. Moreover, contrary to some recent studies, we find that Ar/O and S/O ratios are enhanced as well, while the Ne/O ratio does not show such elevation. One of the galaxies, J0713+5608, has a remarkably low oxygen abundance of 6.978 ± 0.095 dex. This measurement aligns with the lowest known oxygen abundances in galaxies to date. Given the relatively high uncertainty, this galaxy may have the lowest oxygen abundance ever found. Additionally, J0713+5608 exhibited an enhanced N/O ratio compared to the typical N/O ratio observed in metal-poor galaxies within the local Universe.
Extremal functions for the critical Trudinger–Moser inequality with logarithmic Kernels
Authors: Cingolani Silvia , Weth Tobias , Yu Meng
Published: August 2024

In this paper we study Moser–Trudinger type inequalities for some nonlocal energy functionals in presence of a logarithmic convolution potential, when the domain is a ball. In particular, we perform a blow-up analysis to prove existence of extremal functions in the borderline case of critical growth. Using this, we sharpen the results in [S. Cingolani and T. Weth J. London Math. Soc. 105 (2022) 1897–1935] under critical growth assumptions and give answers to some questions left open in [S. Cingolani and T. Weth J. London Math. Soc. 105 (2022) 1897–1935].
Development and analysis of rear mounted power assist for manual wheelchair
Authors: Din Burhanud , Krishnatri Kartikey , Jha Kanishka , Sharma Parth
Published: August 2024

The design and development of a rear-mounted power assist system specifically made for manual wheelchairs are the main objectives of this project. This invention's main goal is to reduce physical strain on people who have restricted upper body strength or movement, improving their independent mobility and general quality of life. The power assist wheels are designed to make maneuvering through difficult environments such as inclines and uneven surfaces easier. These types of terrain provide challenges for traditional manual wheelchairs. The goal of using this technology is to provide a solution that enhances the mobility of the disabled while simultaneously fostering exclusivity and accessibility, which benefits society as a whole.
Optimizing Milling Parameters for Al7075/ nano SiC/TiC Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites using Taguchi Analysis and ANN Prediction
Authors: Al Ansari Mohammed Saleh , Kaliappan S. , Mrudula G. , Dehankar Prashant B. , Maranan Ramya , Teja Putti Venkata Siva
Published: August 2024

This research deals with the optimization of milling parameters for Al7075/nano SiC/TiC hybrid metal matrix composites by Taguchi approach an Artificial Neural Network. Experimental trials conducted in accordance with Taguchi L9 orthogonal array design conveyed that the optimum combination to minimize surface roughness is with a cutting speed of 100 m/min, feed 0.1 mm/tooth, and depth of cut as 1 mm. The results revealed that the surface roughness was significantly decreased under the optimal conditions and the values were in the range of 0.85 μm. Further, an ANN model was developed to predict the surface roughness based on the inputs. It is found that it showed excellent prediction, and the overall accuracy was 99.48% after 195 epochs. Therefore, system validation using experimental results showed that the ANN can be relied upon to forecast the surface roughness values. Thus, the combination of the experimental validation and ANN modeling studies provided valuable information for the optimization of machining parameters, which helped manufacturers to improve the surface quality and performance of the product in Al7075/nano SiC/TiC hybrid metal matrix composites .
Placement of trade and household service complexes in regions of Uzbekistan according to climatic conditions
Authors: Eshatov Ikrom , Abduraimov Murod , Aymatov Anvar , Mustayev Baxrom , Xaydarov Shaxboz , Maxmudova Firuza , Shamsieva Rafoat , Inoyatov Dilovar
Published: August 2024

One of the urgent problems of modern world urban planning is the process of development and formation of agglomerations. The greatest influence on these processes in recent years has been the growth of the urban population, its concentration in economically developed large cities, the strengthening of ties between individual cities and villages (both transport and social, household and labor ties). In the following years, a significant increase in the development process in the socio-economic sphere of Uzbekistan, which is fatly growing, was noticeable. As the cultural level and material well-being of the population of the republic grow, so does its activity, purchasing power, and demand for agglomeration-level institutions focused on entertainment and public services. All this is considered expedient to create objective conditions for the accelerated development of cultural, residential, shopping centers focused on serving public interests. Uzbekistan organizes the solutions and rules for studying the theoretical and practical bases of its application in terms of architecture and urban planning in accordance with the natural and climatic conditions of agglomeration-level trade and household service complexes formed on inter-provincial highways. In the implementation of these tasks, architectural solutions of commercial and household service complexes in city centers and outside the city, improvement of the ways of proper placement of commercial objects, development of design standards for project organizations are of great importance.
Utilization of Industrial Wastes in Production of Eco-friendly Bricks
Authors: Padmanaban G. , Thirugnanasambandam S.
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this research is focused on an alternative for conventional bricks. The production of conventional bricks causes serious hazardous effect to the environment in the form of soil degradation and carbon dioxide emission mainly caused due to the burning process of conventional bricks ultimately leading to global warming. In this study, nine combinations of geopolymer bricks are cast with different molarities. The industrial wastes such as Fly ash and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag are used as binder. Fine river sand with a fineness modulus of 2.46 and clay with fineness modulus of 3.05 is used fine aggregate for making bricks. The size of geopolymer bricks is 225 mm x 110 mm x 75 mm. Alkaline solution is used as binder for geopolymer bricks and it is a combination of sodium hydroxide solution and sodium silicate solution. The compressive strength of geopolymer and conventional bricks are determined Based on Trial mixes, fly ash, GGBS of equal amount and sand, clay of equal amount combination with 3 Molarity concentration of Sodium hydroxide mix proportioned geopolymer brick is obtained a compressive strength of 14.45 N/mm2 which is suitable for construction work.
Corrosion in a sugar mill
Authors: Surnam B. Yashwansingh R. , Bundhoo H. , Ramchurn Gavesh
Published: August 2024

Material degradation is a serious problem in the cane industry. The purpose of this paper is to assess the causes and impact of corrosion, abrasion and erosion at the different stages in the production of sugar in a milling plant. Challenges created due to the material degradation problems and solutions to these problems would be discussed. A survey was first performed to observe, visually, the corrosion damage in the milling plant. Electrochemical tests were performed to determine the rate of corrosion of sugar cane juices on commonly used metals in the cane industry, namely mild steel, 3Cr12 steel, 304L stainless steel and 316L stainless steel. Simple immersion test was performed according to ASTM G 31 to compare the corrosivity of conveyor chains. Various types of material degradation were observed in the different stages of sugar production. Abrasion, erosion and/or corrosion were the main ones. From the electrochemical tests, it was observed that the pre-extractor juice had the highest corrosion rate and syrup had the lowest one. This was confirmed by the immersion tests. Hence, several alternative materials were proposed for the various environments in the cane industry.
Identification of optimal numerical simulation of LBW process parameters on Ti-6Al-4V alloy
Authors: Praveen J. Peter , kumari M. Aruna , Kothuru Bhagyalakshmi , Shaw Shaik Mohiddin , Boppana Narayana , Mahaboob B.
Published: August 2024

Because of high density, low heat input LBW is an efficient welding Technique in industries and it offers low distortion. Numerical simulation provides the temperature field and weld pool size, which minimize the cost and trial experiments. A CFD model is developed to perform numerical simulation of pulsed laser beam on Ti-6Al-4V alloy of thickness 2mm.Taguchi adopted L9 OA to minimize number of numerical simulations. The ANOVA gives the effect and contribution of each process parameters such as pulse frequency(A), pulse width(B), absorber power(C) and welding speed(D) on performance indicators bead width(α), depth of penetration(β), Heat affected zone(γ)and maximum temperature(δ) are studied. Numerical simulations are validated through comparison of existing test by pulsed mode. A simple reliable modified Taguchi approach is followed to get a set of optimal LBW parameters for maximum DP and minimum BW.
LNG Transportation for Gas Power Plants with Small LNG Ships
Authors: Budiyanto Muhammad Arif , Febri Apri Melianes
Published: August 2024

The presence of electrical power is crucial for driving Indonesia’s economic expansion. The National Electricity Company’s initiative, the 35000 MW Electricity Program, aims to construct numerous power plants across the nation, including in Eastern Indonesia where gas-fired plants are planned. Consequently, optimizing liquefied natural gas (LNG) distribution through maritime transport becomes imperative. This study investigates LNG distribution utilizing mini-LNG vessels, influenced by factors such as geographical conditions and demand volume. Employing a blend of greedy algorithms and linear programming, the research tackles the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem to minimize distribution expenses while considering route efficiency and vessel capacities. Ship dimensions are subsequently determined through statistical analysis and economic evaluations, factoring in financial viability parameters. Findings reveal that the optimal ship capacity for the designated cluster is 5000 cubic metric, with a velocity of 16 knots. Economic analysis indicates that the investment is financially viable if the LNG sales price margin remains above US$ 4/MMBTU.
Lifecycle Cost Analysis (LCC) in Ready-Mix Concrete Plant using SPSS tool (statistical package for the social sciences): A Case Study considering Just-in-Time (JIT) with a delivery radius of 60 km
Authors: G R Darshan , Mechannavar Sanjeev D. , Sajjan Disha M. , Patil Prithivi
Published: August 2024

The construction industry is one of the most significant sectors that provides employment and resource utilization, and it also plays a vital role in strengthening the country’s economy. Furthermore, in developing countries such as India, most of the budget is set aside for infrastructure projects such as highways, irrigation, and other essential construction projects. Concrete is the most widely used material in the construction industry, and it ranks second to water as the most consumed material globally. The Ready-Mix Concrete (RMC) industry aims to deliver quantity, quality, on-time, economical, and sustainable concrete at construction sites. RMC industries must profit by providing hassle-free and satisfying service to their clients. To enhance efficiency, sustainability, and cost-effectiveness, the industry needs to analyse its life cycle expenses and implement necessary adjustments. Lifecycle cost analysis (LCC) is one such value engineering tool. It optimises the product’s value by using various tools, such as improving the function by identifying and eliminating product and service features that add no actual value to the customer or the product or by selectingthe most cost-effective alternative. Questionaries are prepared based on various aspects, and data is collected from different RMC plants; these data are imported into statistical software, SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences), for data analysis based on which conclusions are made. This will help an investor or an organisation make investment decisions regarding a ready-mix concrete facility and help an owner understand the initial capital requirement and the cost-related choices for the entire life of the RMC facility.
Investigating the Impact of Fly ash and Copper Slag on Concrete
Authors: Kumar S. Pream , Sankar K.Vijay , Nandhini U. , Priyanka M. , Sriaishwarya D. , Lavanya N. , Ragul P.
Published: August 2024

In the production of concrete, the exploitation of (SCMs) supplementary cementitious materials like fly ash and copper slag has gained a substantial amount of attention due to the fact that these materials have the ability to improve the characteristics of concrete while simultaneously addressing certain environmental concerns. The main purpose of this research is to evaluate the influence that integrating fly ash and copper slag does on the performance of concrete in a variety of different areas. A series of experimental investigations were Conducted in order to analyze the qualities of both fresh and hardened concrete. While copper slag can be used in varying percentages (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%), M- Sand is used to completely replace natural fine aggregate. Fly ash is used as a substitute material for cement at a constant rate of 30%. In order to determine the extent to which it is possible to incorporate fly ash and copper slag into concrete mixes without disrupting the workability of the concrete, the qualities of fresh concrete, such as its workability and its setting time, were evaluated. In order to gain a better understanding of the effects that these SCMs have on the strength of concrete, the properties of hardened concrete, including compressive strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength, were investigated in detail. The results of this Research paper offer significant contributions to the environment and the possible advantages and obstacles related to the integration of 30% fly ash and 30% copper slag in concrete.
Performance evaluation of mechanical and durability properties of self-compacting concrete replaced with nano-mineral additives
Authors: Manoharan M. , Sivakumar Vidhya Lakshmi , Saranyasri E. , Dhanasekaran N.
Published: August 2024

This research looks on the effectiveness of using nano-mineral admixtures in place of some cement for making self-compacting concrete (SCC). The goal is to improve concrete’s mechanical qualities while resolving the environmental issues raised by the manufacture of cement. Using an experimental approach, the study looks at several percentages (0%, 2.5%, 5%, and 30%) of nano-sized materials as partial replacements for regular Portland cement, including fly ash, silica fume, phospho-gypsum, and alccofine. Slump flow, J-ring, and L-box tests are used to evaluate the concrete’s fresh properties, including flowability, passing ability, and separator resistance. Evaluation of the toughened properties by tensile, flexural, and compressive strength tests provides insight into the achieved performance gains. Additionally, durability properties such as RCPT, water absorption and alkaline test were examined in terms of durability. The results point to the potential of nano minerals as sustainable alternatives in concrete by indicating a considerable improvement in the mechanical characteristics and durability of concrete with adequate nano mineral additive content. By giving a thorough analysis of nano mineral admixtures in SCC, this study advances the field and provides insightful information for the researchers to find the optimum replacement.
Renewable energy power generation and industrial structure adjustment under the goal of carbon neutrality in China
Authors: Liu Lei , Yang Lei , Shen Liang , Xiao Hanli
Published: August 2024

Renewable energy power position in the future power system is becoming more and more important because of its huge potential capacity and large potential market demand. Under the background of fossil energy supply crisis and the goal of carbon neutrality, renewable energy is the best substitution of fossil energy to achieve the goal of dual-carbon. The cumulative installed capacity of renewable energy power generation accounted for 45.4% of China in 2021. But its power generation only accounted for 28.9% of the whole country. The development and production capacity of hydropower is limited. The market share of renewable electricity is still very low.

By listing the above situation and problems of renewable energy power generation industry in China, this study puts forward the following suggestions. To coordinate the energy supply with the environment protection, accelerate the development of renewable energy power generation industry, firstly, we need to build a multiple energy supply system including the renewable energy generation and a certain scale of thermal power for the sake of the energy supply security; secondly, the production capacity of hydropower is restricted by many conditions, while the potential of the other renewable energy reserves is huge. They are also the focus of future development; thirdly, it is necessary to improve the power consumption of renewable energy by building a high-level power transmission network to support long-distance power transmission, and a new type power generation system including supporting facilities in which renewable energy is at the main position, and using technological innovation and intelligence to solve the problems of grid connection and power consumption.
Simulation Study on the Impact of Building Orientation Variation on Annual Energy Consumption in Hefei Area
Authors: Xu Jun , Zhu Yukun , Wang Xi , Yuan Jun
Published: August 2024

Under the background of increasingly serious energy crisis, promoting the development of building energy conservation can effectively alleviate the problem of an energy shortage, ensure stable economic development, and energy-saving design has gradually become a major component of building design. In this study, the numerical simulation method was used to take a building with typical features in Hefei as the research object, and the Ecotect energy analysis software was used to systematically analyze the influence of different orientations on the annual building energy consumption. The study found that the impact of building orientation on energy consumption showed a significant linear relationship. As the outdoor temperature increased, the cooling load gradually increased, and the heating load gradually decreased. Among them, the total energy consumption load was the smallest when the building orientation was southwest 15°, and the total energy consumption load was the largest when the building orientation was east-facing. The research results provide a reference for the energy-saving design of buildings in different orientations in the Hefei region.
Analysis of emission reduction benefits of wind - solar complementary water supply project - taking Siziwang Banner Inner Mongolia as an example
Authors: Cao Liang , Quan Qiang , Sun Lixin , Lu Haiyuan , Ge Xiangyang , Nie Dongsheng
Published: August 2024

At present, There are few related studies on energy-saving and emission reduction analysis of off-grid wind-solar energy water supply projects which applied in remote areas. This article takes a typical wind-solar complementary water supply project in the pastoral area of Siziwang Banner Inner Mongolia as the research object,discovered the carbon emissions during its life cycle is 83.26kg by using the life cycle assessment method. The emission reduction benefits of the wind solar complementary water supply project plays a positive role in promoting the application of new energy water supply projects in the later stage.
Nanoparticle-Hydrogel composites: Research progress in the treatment of periodontitis
Authors: Zhao Zishan , Yang Jiaxin , Lu Ruoyao , Xiang Luyi , Wang Xiaohui , Li Bo , Liu Yang , Guo Xiaolong
Published: August 2024

Nanoparticles exhibit excellent molecular adsorption capabilities and facilitate cellular penetration and intercellular molecule transfer by aiding in their movement across cell membranes. Additionally, nanomaterials serve as effective carriers for chemical drugs. Hydrogel, a polymer network system with a high water content that maintains a specific spatial shape, can be utilized to load various materials and drugs for biomedical applications. Periodontitis, one of the most prevalent chronic oral infectious diseases, poses a significant global health concern. However, current treatment modalities for periodontitis have several drawbacks. Nanoparticle-hydrogel composites, comprising nanoparticles embedded within a hydrogel matrix, offer a synergistic combination of controlled drug release from nanoparticles and prolonged retention properties of hydrogels, effectively addressing current treatment limitations. This paper provides an overview of nanoparticle-hydrogel composites, their properties, and their application in periodontitis treatment. Specifically, it delves into the definition, types, and unique qualities of these composites relevant to periodontal therapy. Furthermore, it highlights the computational modeling and simulation techniques utilized to optimize composite design and drug release kinetics. It concludes with a discussion of current challenges in the field and potential areas for future research.
The Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor of Magnetic photocatalysis on Mariculture wastewater
Authors: Lian Yi , Cheng Bo , Zhang Ning
Published: August 2024

In view of the high dissolved organic matter and salt content of the Mariculture wastewater in coastal industrial clusters, because that moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) normally faces the unbalanced carbon -nitrogen ratio and long flow, MBBR is rarely used for wastewater treatment of mariculture wastewater. Moving bed biofilm reactors of magnetic photocatalysis (MPBR) were treated with mariculture wastewater and constantly purified wastewater on a seawater ranch in Hebei. Results show that this biofilm colonization is completed faster than the other MBBR or magnetic photocatalysis microsphere. That typical constituents in this biofilm were confirmed by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Pyrosequencing of 16srRNA revealed that SphaeroCalus was the predominating microbial community in MPBR. Therefore, the MPBR will be a promising alternative for the mariculture wastewater. These processing techniques can effectively reduce the risk of impact load on seawater ranch in Northern coastal areas.