bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wine and tourism : new perspectives for vineyard areas in Emilia-Romagna
Authors: Gatti Silvia , Incerti Fabrizio , Ravagli Mirko
Published: March 2022

Vin et tourisme : nouvelles perspectives pour les vignobles d'Emilie-Romagne

L'Emilie-Romagne représente l'une des régions les plus importantes d'Italie pour la production viticole, avec 12% de la production totale, 15% des exploitations viticoles italiennes et 30% de la superficie, sachant que le vignoble détient la valeur record de 63% des vignes concentrées dans la plaine.

Il existe une réelle nécessité de réorganiser ce vignoble, en identifiant et en créant de nouvelles opportunités d'emplois tout en améliorant les circuits commerciaux. Contrairement aux solutions apportées dans les années 60 qui ont conduit à l'exode rural, une forte volonté se manifeste afin d'améliorer la qualification, la promotion et la valorisation du terroir à partir d'un nombre très diversifié d'activités.

Le vin représente aujourd'hui un outil de communication et d'attraction touristique pour les zones rurales. La réalisation d'un projet intégré sur la production viticole et le tourisme (tel que les routes du vin) pourrait fournir une solution d'avenir pour développer la promotion du territoire et créer de réelles opportunités de développement. A l'aide d'une méthode de classification hiérarchique, inspirée de l'approche de Ward, nous cherchons à identifier les différentes sous-régions de Romagne de vins DOC et DOCG qui montrent les éléments essentiels favorables à la mise en place de véritables politiques de tourisme du vin.
Innovation adoption in agriculture : innovators, early adopters and laggards
Authors: Diederen Paul , Van Meijl Hans , Wolters Arjan , Bijak Katarzyna
Published: March 2022

This paper analyses the choice of a farmer to be an innovator, an early adopter or a laggard (an adopter of mature technologies or a non-adopter) in the adoption of innovations that are available on the market. We estimate a nested logit model with data from a large sample of Dutch farmers. We find that structural characteristics (farm size, market position, solvency, age of the farmer) explain the difference in adoption behaviour between innovators and early adopters on the one hand and laggards on the other. We also find that early adopters and innovators do not differ from each other regarding these structural characteristics. However ; they appear to differ in behavioural characteristics : innovators make more use of external sources of information and they are more involved in the actual development of innovations.
Lutte contre la pollution diffuse sur un bassin d’élevage: comparaison d’instruments de régulation en présence d’asymétrie d’information
Authors: Rotillon Gilles , Bontems Philippe , Turpin Nadine
Published: March 2022

Plusieurs mécanismes économiques sont à la disposition d’un régulateur souhaitant limiter les pollutions diffuses tout en préservant l’activité agricole. Cet article compare l’effet attendu sur la pollution et le revenu, au sein d’une population d’éleveurs laitiers, de plusieurs instruments en tenant compte de leur acceptabilité : taxation linéaire sur les engrais, extensification uniforme, quota d’engrais. Il illustre également l’intérêt de construire des mécanismes de régulation reposant sur une taxation non linéaire de la production. Les résultats du modèle présenté ici reposent sur des données acquises sur un bassin versant d’élevage en Loire-Atlantique.
Les contraintes de la création et de la reprise d’entreprise: une application aux régions françaises
Authors: Le Pape Nicolas , Bonnet Jean , Abdesselam Rafik
Published: March 2022

The decision to start up or to take over an enterprise is induced both by the social and personal situation of the individual and by an environment which is more or less favorable to entrepreneurship. In this environment, we identify several constraints such as financial, technical, informational and entrepreneurial networking constraints. Data analysis methods allow us to build models of new entrepreneurs based on the type of constraints they are confronted to and to characterize the evolution of the employment associated with these profiles. At a national level, less constrained individuals who take-over a firm are more prone to create jobs. This is not the case for new entrepreneurs (ex nihilo). In this paper, we also describe the heterogeneity of French regions. For instance, the West part of France is representative of less constrained entrepreneurs. The profile of constrained new entrepreneurs (ex nihilo) characterizes Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur and Languedoc-Roussillon, and is associated with a rather unfavorable evolution of employment. By contrast, other regions (Haute-Normandie and Nord-Pas-de-Calais) exhibit the profile of constrained new entrepreneurs associated with a favorable evolution of employment in these firms. A regional public policy that alleviates the constraints borne by new entrepreneurs with the aim of promoting local employment does not necessarily give positive results.
Nouveaux enjeux autour de l’abattage rituel musulman : une perspective européenne
Authors: Bergeaud-Blackler Florence
Published: March 2022

New challenges for Islamic ritual slaughtering : a European perspective

The production and consumption of halal products, i. e. those deriving from ritual slaughtering, has grown steadily over the last 15 years. Today the global halal market is estimated at US$ 150 billion per year. This paper describes the main steps in the integration of “ Muslim ritual slaughtering” into the national legislative systems of Western European countries, and it analyses the economic and political issues involved in this integration. Once being the subject of dispute between animal welfare organisations and religious groups, sometimes based on anti-semitism and racism, the arguments surrounding slaughtering ritual have recently, particularly in the aftermath of the BSE crisis, evolved to become an issue of consumer rights. In this paper, two cases will illustrate this evolution : Switzerland, as a European country, and the UK as a member state of the European Union. Muslim ritual slaughtering has never been precisely defined and has benefited from a status of exception in most legislative systems by overriding animal welfare regulation. One of the consequences of this exceptional status has been the growth of an un-regulated market that does not give the consumer (Muslim as well as non Muslim) any assurance regarding the process of production of halal products. Religious institutions seem unable to handle an issue of this nature, that is more usually dealt with by better equipped economic actors and consumer organisations. Facing this situation, the European Union and member states now have two possible options. Either they abolish the special status of ritual slaughtering and they rescind their commitments to take into account specific religious requirements, or they apply a “ farm to fork” approach to food for religious purposes that is similar, in terms of traceability and labelling, to those that apply to foods posing ethical issues.
La construction institutionnelle de la concurrence. Le cas du marché de la viande à Paris au XIXe siècle
Authors: Stanziani Alessandro
Published: March 2022

The institutional building of competition. The case of the meat market in 19th century Paris

In Paris, the market of the meat, as under the Old Regime, is regulated up through 1858. Throughout this length of time, regulatory norms coexist with an extremely liberal contract law. On the contrary, between 1858 and 1914, liberalization of prices and free entry on the market go along with the introduction of serious constraints on contractual will. This is to say that state policies and governance include micro (contracts rules) as well as macroeconomic rules. The legal qualification of public action is fundamental as it fixes the procedures of rules enforcement and, thus, economic actors’ legal-economic opportunities and behaviors. This interaction between rules and the market is particularly clear in the process of products qualification ; if commercial customs integrate legal provisions, at the same time they cannot be evoked and enforced out of an explicit reference in official rules. The question consists in understanding the relative place of formal rules and conventions. These considerations lead the author to raise doubts on the traditional chronological as well as logical opposition between free market and regulation. The paper will argue that economic standards and rules are neither in opposition (neo-classical argument), nor complementary (neo-institutionnalist approach) to the market, but they are constitutive of it.
Un cas de déviance dans les classes populaires : les seuils d’entrée dans les troubles alimentaires
Authors: Luis Moreno Pestaña José
Published: March 2022

A case of deviance in the working classes : On the threshold of eating disorders

This text proposes a sociological analysis of eating disorders in the popular classes. It takes into account Ian Hacking’s theory of ecological niches of transitory mental illness, giving this theory a sociological formulation. The article proposes some hypotheses about the handicaps and the counter-handicaps of the popular classes in relation to eating disorders. The text, except for being based on empirical investigation, presents a profile of a contemporary somatic culture in the working class, especially among the youth, highlighting the differences and similarities to the dominating class.
Programmes agri-environnementaux en présence d'effets de seuil
Authors: Turpin Nadine , Latouche Karine , Dupraz Pierre
Published: March 2022

L’objectif de ce papier est de proposer des procédures d’élaboration et de mise en oeuvre des programmes agri-environnementaux pour assurer leur efficacité environnementale et sociale, lorsque les processus biophysiques en jeu sont caractérisés par des effets de seuils. La régulation publique est confrontée à deux problèmes bien distincts : d’une part, les asymétries d’information relevant classiquement de la théorie des contrats et des solutions qu’elle préconise et, d’autre part, une incertitude que partagent régulateur et agents sur la relation entre pratiques agricoles et état de l’environnement. Ces deux difficultés se cumulent fréquemment dans les programmes agrienvironnementaux et peuvent conduire, en présence d’effets de seuils, à l’absence d’effet environnemental et au découragement des agriculteurs. À partir d’un modèle micro-économique et de l’analyse approfondie d’un exemple, cette contribution montre qu’une gestion pérenne et évolutive des programmes permet une capitalisation locale des compétences et un gain d’efficacité. Cette gestion vise à tirer parti d’économies d’échelle et d’apprentissage tant managériales que techniques, à condition de spécifier des contrats dont la réalisation contribue à préciser et à quantifier des effets de seuil souvent mal connus et localement spécifiques. Dans certains cas, l’instauration par le régulateur d’un taux minimal de contractualisation dans une zone donnée constitue une information conduisant à accroître la probabilité de participation des agriculteurs.
Where have (almost) all the wealthy gone? Spatial decomposition of wealth trends in France, 1820-1939
Authors: Bourdieu Jérôme , Menéndez Marta , Postel-Vinay Gilles , Suwa-Eisenmann Akiko
Published: March 2022

Où vont les richesses ? Décomposition spatiale des patrimoines en France, 1820-1939 Cet article analyse l’évolution de la distribution de la richesse en France durant le processus d’urbanisation entre 1820 et 1939, à partir d’une base de données individuelles de successions. Nous explorons la dimension géographique de l’évolution de la répartition des patrimoines en distinguant Paris, les autres villes et les territoires ruraux. Nous utilisons des techniques de décompositions non paramétriques et de micro-simulations pour mesurer l’importance de la croissance économique et de l’urbanisation dans l’accumulation du patrimoine. Les changements dans le niveau de richesse expliquent une grande part de l’évolution de la répartition de la richesse pendant toute la période entre 1830 et 1939, tandis que l’effet de l’urbanisation sur la distribution du patrimoine augmente à la fin du 19e siècle.
Faut-il réguler l'encombrement des sites récréatifs ? Un modèle de choix discret avec participation
Authors: Leplat Mélody , Le Goffe Philippe
Published: March 2022

En France, les sites récréatifs sont généralement en accès libre, ce qui explique qu'ils sont souvent encombrés, notamment quand ils sont attractifs et proches des zones peuplées. La théorie prévoit que l'équilibre de fréquentation est alors non optimal en raison d'un effet externe d'encombrement. Alors que des travaux anciens ont caractérisé équilibre et optimum dans le cadre de modèles mono-site à demande continue (Fisher et Krutilla, 1972), les rares articles récents utilisant les modèles de choix discret se sont limités à étudier empiriquement l'équilibre et la répartition des visites entre les sites. Notre modèle théorique permet de formaliser l'équilibre et l'optimum de fréquentation, dans le cadre d'un modèle de choix discret à deux sites intégrant la décision de participation des individus, ainsi que certains instruments de gestion permettant d'améliorer le bien-être. Il a été nécessaire de recourir à une formulation générale du bien-être définie par Erlander (2005). On montre que les individus participent trop et visitent trop le site de meilleure qualité (et pas assez le site de qualité inférieure) à l'équilibre. En exprimant les désutilités collectives liées à la participation et à la mauvaise répartition des visites entre les sites, le modèle permet d'en déduire les taxes optimales et les effets sur le bien-être collectif d'une augmentation de la qualité des sites. Une illustration simplifiée est proposée à partir d'un modèle logit multinomial estimé sur des données de pêche récréative.
Les éleveurs et leurs voisins. Etude du renouvellement des rhétoriques professionnelles d'une profession contestée
Authors: Granjou Céline , Mauz Isabelle
Published: March 2022

Cattle farmers and their neighbours. Study of the new professional discourses of a contested profession.

Today's farmers are facing growing criticism about their activities, around questions of pollution, sanitary affairs, climatic change or animal welfare, non-professional actors promoting their own definitions of what farming activities should be -or should not be. This particular situation provides a good opportunity to explore the new professional discourses developed by a contested profession, fostered to re-elaborate the sense of its activities. Based on a survey in a rural mountain community, we present the criticisms addressed to cattle farmers by non-farmers in the village, which stress problems about land ownership, manure management, and pasture maintenance. We highlight two types of professional discourse developed by cattle farmers in response to the criticisms : The first one combines a victimisation figure with the threat of giving up the job ; the second one claims responsibility and anticipation of the non-farmers' demands, as far as technical constraints make this anticipation possible.
Surveiller et maigrir. Sociologie des modes de contrainte dans un groupe commercial d’amaigrissement
Authors: Darmon Muriel
Published: March 2022

Discipline and famish. Social control in a commercial weight-loss group

How to make people lose weight ? Based on an ethnographic study of a commercial weight-loss group, this article analyses how such an organization rely on specific modes of surveillance aimed at controlling the participants’ attitudes and behaviours. The article enlightens different agencies of this social control, such as group leaders, peer pressure, or domestic partners. It insists on the role played by writing and written materials as key tools in this body discipline.
La valeur récréative de la forêt en France : une approche par les coûts de déplacement
Authors: Garcia Serge , Jacob Julien
Published: March 2022

The recreative use value of French forests : An approach by the travel-cost method

The forest is an important element in most countries and its multifunctional character explains its great value. This study aims at giving a monetary value to one of these functions that occupies a special place in our urban societies : the recreative use. We use the individual approach of the travel-cost method (TCM) from a survey made up of more than 4,500 households surveyed by phone on the whole of the French territory in 2001. This type of survey and the zero-inflated count data models used in the econometric analysis make it possible to take into account the non-forest visitors. To reflect the heterogeneity of forests in France, the sample is segmented into nine inter-regions forming coherent forest sets. Individual surplus per visit are calculated for each region, showing variations in the recreational value of forests in France (from 0 to 47 G ).
La vaccination des bovidés contre la tuberculose en France, 1921-1963 : entre modèle épistémique et alternative à l'abattage
Authors: Berdah Delphine
Published: March 2022

Cet article retrace la trajectoire du vaccin BCG dans la lutte contre la tuberculose bovine en France, entre 1921 et 1963. Il montre comment les enjeux de santé publique liés à cette zoonose sont étroitement liés à d'autres enjeux, d'ordre professionnel, industriel, ou encore d'économie politique. Dans un premier temps, il analyse la manière dont l'Institut Pasteur, les vétérinaires et les agriculteurs se sont mobilisés pour modifier la législation et s'impliquer dans la lutte contre la tuberculose bovine entre 1930 et 1950. Dans un deuxième temps, il étudie comment l'appropriation des techniques prophylactiques par les éleveurs a conduit à redéfinir les politiques de lutte contre la tuberculose bovine dans un contexte de modernisation agricole encouragée par le gouvernement français des Trente Glorieuses, alors qu'au même moment, le repositionnement des politiques de recherche de l'Institut Pasteur s'accompagne de l'abandon du BCG vétérinaire.
Faut-il une intervention publique pour stabiliser les marchés agricoles ? Revue des questions non résolues
Authors: Femenia Fabienne , Gohin Alexandre
Published: March 2022

La stabilisation des revenus et marchés agricoles est, avec le soutien des revenus, un des objectifs initiaux de la Politique Agricole Commune (PAC). Les mécanismes des prix garantis ont longtemps permis de viser ces deux objectifs simultanément. Toutefois, les réformes successives de la PAC ont progressivement réduit les niveaux de ces instruments de gestion de marché au bénéfice de l'instauration d'aides de plus en plus découplées de la production et des prix. Cette évolution des instruments de la PAC interroge sur son aspect stabilisation des marchés. Se pose alors la question de savoir si la mise en œuvre de nouveaux systèmes permettant de gérer des situations risquées (assurance, marchés à terme, crédits, stockage) doit être facilitée par la puissance publique. Cet article passe en revue différentes questions présentes dans la littérature concernant, d'une part l'évaluation du risque de marché en agriculture et de son impact économique, d'autre part les forces et faiblesses des instruments privés de gestion du risque, et enfin la nécessité et les formes d'une intervention publique visant à stabiliser les revenus agricoles. Nous soulignons en conclusion les questions non résolues qui devront être étudiées par la suite pour traiter la question de l'optimalité ou non de l'intervention publique.
La redéfinition de la politique de la coca en Bolivie sous les présidences de Evo Morales : les enjeux de politique publique de la réforme
Authors: Lacuisse Marie-Esther
Published: March 2022

En 2005, Evo Morales est devenu président de la République de Bolivie – renommée Etat plurinational en 2009 – tout en restant le leader syndical des producteurs de coca du Tropique de Cochabamba. Depuis sa première élection présidentielle, Evo Morales a engagé une politique de revalorisation de la coca qui n’est pas sans causer de problèmes diplomatiques au regard de son double statut, qui le rend plus proche de la position des «cocaleros » que des objectifs de la politique internationale de lutte contre les drogues. Or, une telle lecture de la réforme ne rend pas compte de l’ensemble des enjeux autour de la coca en Bolivie qui, bien qu’interdite par la communauté internationale, reste un bien de production légal. Cet article se focalisera sur les conflits nationaux autour de la réforme de la coca, liés aux enjeux du secteur et au mode de production des politiques publiques pour le monde rural de l’actuel gouvernement.
Athletes' perceptions of performance
Authors:   , Ellis Brianna
Published: March 2022

Performance analysis is a growing field, with the aim of improving sporting performance through the examination of technical, tactical, physical, and psychological skills. With research and practice beginning to move away from the traditional approach of performance indicators, a greater understanding of athletes’ perceptions is important to ensure the statistical needs of the athletes and coaching staff are still being met. This thesis aimed to explore athletes’ perceptions of performance, the factors that influence performance and discuss the implications of these findings in performance analysis. A systematic review of the current literature highlighted a complex and dynamic system of sporting performance and a gap in knowledge around athletes’ perceptions of performance-influencing variables. The review also revealed a lack of understanding of how athletes perceive performance analysis as a tool to improve performance. The main study of this thesis is a prospective cohort study with a focus on semi-elite netballers perceptions of their own performance. The results indicated that players experiences, and frequency of skill within a match can affect the degree in which an athlete can perceive their performance. Results from this thesis reinforces that sport is multifaceted, with multiple performance influencing factors. Further research is needed to improve the practice and evidence around performance analysis in netball.
‘Out Beyond Jointery’: Developing a Model for Gaming Multi-Domain Warfare
Authors: Scott Keith
Published: March 2022

What Huizinga is saying here is not that conflict is playful, but rather, it is a game, following set rules of conduct and occurs within a defined zone of action. Elsewhere in Homo ludens, he argues that modern warfare operates without the ritualised, rule-based structure of, for example, the mediaeval tourney. The purpose of this paper is to consider the ways in which a model based on the structure of games may help us better engage with the challenges of Multi-Domain Conflict. We are all familiar with the concept of Cyber as the 5th Domain of warfare, but we need to consider it not as a discrete zone, but as running through and interpenetrating the other 4 (Earth, Sea, Air, Space), the informational spine that enables all other forms of conflict. This paper will: 1. Discuss the developing concept of Multi-Domain Conflict as a move ‘beyond jointery’ (as General Sir Nick Carter put it) into a truly integrated form of warfare, blurring and collapsing boundaries between kinetic and non-kinetic, between the services, and between military and civilian authority; 2. Outline a theoretical model for conceptualising Multi-Domain Conflict as gamelike in form, with environments of operation (‘boards’), protagonists (‘players’), and possible forms of action (‘moves’). As befits a conference on Cyber and Information Warfare, it will argue that the D5 model of IW (Deny, Disrupt, Degrade, Deceive and Destroy) is portable and scalable across the other 4 domains (Land, Sea, Air, Space); 3. Show how this theoretical model can be employed both to model and simulate Multi-Domain Conflict; wargames have been a key element of military planning and training for at least a century – this paper argues that we need to develop a new Kriegspiel to better understand coming conflicts.
The role of urban gardening in building city resilience to climate change
Authors: Burchard Malgorzata
Published: March 2022

This article has two purposes. The first is to show the role that urban gardening can play in building city resilience to various negative impacts resulting from changes in the economic and social spheres and connection with global warming. The second goal is to investigate whether Polish cities use urban gardening to strengthen the resilience of socio-economic systems to climate change. Resilience is understood as the capacity of a city to respond to a perturbation or disturbance by resisting damage and recovering quickly. It concerns both social and technical infrastructure, including blue and green infrastructure. Worldwide, the usage of urban gardening to strengthen cities' resilience to climate change is becoming more and more common. Polish cities have yet to join this positive trend.
Assessment of Tourist Traffic in Tatra National Park in 2018-2020
Authors: Borkowski Krzysztof , Chowaniec Elżbieta , Durmała Marek , Kubasiak Marcin
Published: March 2022

The aim of the article is to analyse the qualitative and quantitative research conducted between 2018 and 2020 in the field of tourist traffic in the Tatra National Park. The data presented in the article focuses on the situation of limitations to spatial mobility. To show the impact of changes in terms of implementation and meeting the needs of tourist trips, the period leading up to the outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic was thoroughly studied, with a period marked by severe mobility restrictions. The obtained data made it possible to present the relationship between the restrictions and satisfying mentioned needs, which is visible in the example of the number of tourists visiting the Tatra National Park in the sections of 2020, which were characterised by a different scope of restrictions on social mobility.
Organization of a System of Training Doctors in the Specialty "Medical-Diagnostic Business" at the Grodno State Medical University
Authors: Курстак И.А. , Лелевич С.В. , Зиматкина Т.И. , Александрович А.С.
Published: March 2022

В настоящее время в практическом здравоохранении нашей страны высоко востребованными являются специалисты диагностического профиля: врачи лабораторной диагностики, врачи лучевой диагностики, врачи ультразвуковой диагностики и врачи функциональной диагностики. Подготовка врача-специалиста медико-диагностического профиля с высшим медицинским образованием в республике ведется в двух учебных заведениях: УО «Гомельский государственный медицинский университет» и УО «Гродненский государственный медицинский университет». В данной статье представлена информация о системе подготовки врачей по специальности 1-79 01 04 «Медико-диагностическое дело» в УО «Гродненский государственный медицинский университет» и организации учебного процесса на профильных по данной специальности кафедрах университета: клинической лабораторной диагностики и иммунологии, лучевой диагностики и лучевой терапии. Приведено описание целей и задач учебных программ по основным изучаемым дисциплинам и форма оценки контроля знаний обучающихся.

Currently, in the practical health care of our country, diagnostic specialists are in high demand: laboratory diagnostics doctors, radiation diagnostics doctors, ultrasound diagnostics doctors, and functional diagnostics doctors. Training of a medical-diagnostic specialist with a higher medical education in the republic is carried out in two educational institutions: EI “Gomel State Medical University” and EI “Grodno State Medical University”. In this article, we will focus on the training of doctors on the specialty 1-79 01 04 “Medical-diagnostic business” at the educational institution “Grodno State Medical University” and the organization of the educational process at the university departments of this specialty: clinical laboratory diagnostics and immunology, radiation diagnosticsand radiation therapy. The description of the goals and objectives of the curriculum for the main studied disciplines and the form of assessing the control of students’ knowledge are given.
An Uninvited Guest: Meningococcal Infection – Current Aspects of Epidemiology, Clinic and Prevention
Authors: Карпов И.А.
Published: March 2022

В предлагаемом материале приведены актуальные аспекты эпидемиологии, клиники и профилактики менингококковой инфекции.

The proposed material presents the current aspects of epidemiology, clinic and prevention of meningococcal infection.
Refractory and Super Refractory Epileptic Status: Approaches to Therapy
Authors: Лихачев С.А. , Зайцев И.И. , Куликова С.Л.
Published: March 2022

Эпилептический статус – одно из самых часто встречающихся неотложных состояний в неврологии. Особенно опасны рефрактерный и суперрефрактерный эпилептический статус. Данные резистентные формы эпилептического статуса ассоциированы с высоким уровнем летальности и большим риском развития тяжелых когнитивных и моторных нарушений у выживших пациентов. Терапия рефрактерного и суперрефрактерного эпилептического статуса по-прежнему является острой проблемой для современной неврологии. Данный обзор научной медицинской литературы посвящен вопросам, связанным с медикаментозным и немедикаментозным лечением труднокурабельных эпилептических статусов. В статье приводится анализ применения лекарственной терапии: средств для внутривенного и ингаляционного наркоза, противоэпилептических лекарственных средств, гормональной терапии. Освещено и немедикаментозное лечение: нейрохирургическое вмешательство, лечебная гипотермия и кетогенная диета.

Status epilepticus is one of the most common neurological emergencies. Refractory status epilepticus and super refractory status epilepticus are particularly dangerous. These resistant forms of status epilepticus are associated with a high mortality rate and a higher risk of severe cognitive and motor impairment in surviving patients. The therapy of refractory and super refractory status epilepticus is still an acute problem for modern neurology. This review of the scientific medical literature is devoted to the issues related to drug and non-drug treatment of difficult-to-treat status epilepticus. In the article, there is analyzed the use of drug therapy: the drugs for intravenous and inhalation anesthesia, antiepileptic drugs, hormonal therapy. Non-drug treatment is also covered: neurosurgery, therapeutic hypothermia, and ketogenic diet.
Neurogenic Intermittent Claudication: Diagnostics and Conservative Therapy
Authors: Фурсова Л.А.
Published: March 2022

Представлены этиопатогенез и клинические проявления изолированных поясничных стенозов позвоночного канала (ПК), роль венозной недостаточности в формировании клинических проявлений при стенозе ПК на поясничном уровне, описание форм нейрогенной (каудогенной) перемежающейся хромоты (синдрома Вербиста), а также миелогенной перемежающейся хромоты (синдрома Дежерина), возникающей при ишемии в нижнем артериальном бассейне спинного мозга; дифференциальный диагноз между нейрогенной и сосудистой перемежающейся хромотой, современные рентген-визуализационные методы диагностики и возможности консервативного лечения (акцент на препарате цилостазол – ингибитор фосфодиэстеразы 3-го типа), в том числе варианты проведения лечебных эпидуральных блокад, применяемых у пациентов со стенозом поясничного отдела позвоночного канала.

There are presented the etiopathogenesis and clinical manifestations of isolated lumbar spinal stenosis of the spinal canal (SC), the role of venous insufficiency in the formation of clinical manifestations in stenosis of SC at the lumbar level, description of the forms of neurogenic (caudogenic) intermittent claudication (Verbist’s syndrome), and myelogenous intermittent claudication (Degerin’s syndrome), which appears in ischemia in the lower arterial basin of the spinal cord; the differential diagnosis between neurogenic and vascular intermittent claudication, modern X-ray imaging methods of diagnostics, and the possibility of conservative treatment (the focus is on the cilostazol – type 3 phosphodiesterase inhibitor), including the variants of therapeutic epidural blockades used in patients with stenosis of the lumbar spinal canal.
Intoxication and Adaptive Resource in the Patients with Paratonsillar Abscess
Authors: Сакович А.Р.
Published: March 2022

Введение. Снижение ресурса адаптации при хроническом тонзиллите является предиктором декомпенсации процесса, одним из проявлений которой является паратонзиллярный абсцесс. Существуют различные методики оценки адаптационной реактивности, в том числе – с использованием индекса адаптации. В зависимости от величины этого индекса можно судить о появлении стрессорного типа реакций адаптации.Цель. Выявить интоксикационно-адаптационную закономерность развития стресса у пациентов с паратонзиллярным абсцессом.Материалы и методы. Обследованы 73 пациента с паратонзиллярным абсцессом, в том числе 42 (57,5%) мужчины, 31 (42,5%) женщина. Большинство пациентов (78,1%) были в возрасте до 40 лет. Проведено исследование взаимосвязи интоксикационной нагрузки и адаптационной реактивности, рассчитанных по гематологическим лейкоцитарным индексам.Результаты. У пациентов с паратонзиллярным абсцессом преобладает интоксикация средней степени тяжести (69,9%), чаще всего индекс интоксикации находился в интервале 2,8–3,8 ед. (35,3%). Тяжелая интоксикация имела место в 13,7% случаев. При среднетяжелой интоксикации преобладала реакция «стресс-2» (64,7%), а при тяжелой интоксикации – «стресс-3» (80,0%). Выводы. При паратонзиллярном абсцессе установлено закономерное нарастание тяжести стресса (как реакции адаптации) при увеличении степени интоксикации. Отношение шансов возникновения наиболее тяжелой стрессорной реакции («стресс-3») при тяжелой степени интоксикации в 40 раз достоверно больше, чем при интоксикации средней тяжести (р<0,001).

Introduction. Decrease of the resource of adaptation in chronic tonsillitis is a predictor of the process decompensation, one of the manifestations of which is paratonsillar abscess. There are various methods for assessing adaptive reactivity, including the use of adaptation index. Depending on the value of this index, it is possible to judge about the appearance of the stress type of adaptation reactions.Purpose. To reveal the intoxication-adaptive pattern of stress development in patients with paratonsillar abscess.Materials and methods. 73 patients with paratonsillar abscess were examined, including 42 men (57.5%), 31 women (42.5%). Most of the patients (78.1%) were under the age of 40. The study of the relationship between intoxication load and adaptive reactivity, calculated by hematological leukocyte indices, was carried out.Results. In patients with paratonsillar abscess, moderate intoxication prevails (69.9%); most often, the intoxication index was in the range of 2.8–3.8 units. (35.3%). Severe intoxication occurred in 13.7% of patients. In moderate intoxication, the “stress-2” reaction prevailed (64.7%), and in severe intoxication, the “stress-3” reaction prevailed (80.0%).Conclusions. In paratonsillar abscess, a natural increase of the severity of stress (as an adaptation reaction) was revealed in the increase of the degree of intoxication. The odds ratio of the most severe stress reaction (“stress-3”) in severe intoxication is 40 times significantly higher than in moderate intoxication (p<0.001).
Silent Myocardial Ischemia. Literature Review
Authors: Янушко В.А. , Климчук И.П. , Кордзахия Г.Э. , Тимофейчик Е.С.
Published: March 2022

Депрессия сегмента ST при отсутствии симптомов в настоящее время является выраженной аномалией у пациентов с ишемической болезнью сердца. Депрессия сегмента ST без возникновения стенокардии является маркером нарушения перфузии миокарда и ишемии. Во время 24-часовой записи большинство эпизодов ишемии у пациентов с ишемической болезнью сердца протекают бесследно и происходят при относительно нормальной частоте сердечных сокращений. Сочетание скрытой ишемии и ишемии, связанной со стенокардией, называется общей ишемической нагрузкой. Безболевая ишемия имеет важное прогностическое значение для выявления пациентов, у которых могут развиваться последующие миокардиальные события. Эпизоды тихой ишемии и, следовательно, общая ишемическая нагрузка могут быть уменьшены с помощью стандартной антиангинальной терапии – меры, которая может иметь благоприятное влияние на исход заболевания. Однако доказательств того, что снижение общей ишемической нагрузки на самом деле улучшает исход, пока нет.

ST-segment depression in the absence of symptoms is now a well-defined abnormality in patients with coronary artery disease. ST-segment depression without the occurrence of angina is a marker of myocardial perfusion defects and ischemia. During 24-hour recordings, most episodes of ischemia in patients with coronary artery disease are silent and occur with relatively normal heart rates. The combination of silent ischemia and ischemia associated with angina is referred to as total ischemic burden. Silent ischemia is prognostically important for identifying those patients, in who subsequent myocardial events may develop. The episodes of silent ischemia, and thus total ischemic burden, can be reduced by standard antianginal therapy – the measure that may have a favorable influence on patient’s outcome. However, the proof that reduction of the total ischemic burden actually improves the outcome is not yet available.
Neurological Disorders in Vitamin-В12-Deficiency Anemia
Authors: Бублий Ю.С. , Выдыборец С.В.
Published: March 2022

В лекции представлены современные сведения о неврологических нарушениях при витамин-В12-дефицитной анемии. Кратко изложены этиология, патогенез, диагностика, дифференциальная диагностика и лечение витамин-В12-дефицитной анемии. Особое внимание уделено ее лабораторной диагностике.

This lecture contains current information about of the role of neurological disorders in vitamin-В12- deficiency anemia. The etiology, pathogenesis, diagnostics, differential diagnostics, and treatment of the vitamin-В12-deficiency anemia are described. The special attention was paid to its laboratory diagnostics.
Clinical Case of Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum
Authors: Солметова М.Н. , Аллаева М.Д. , Мухамедов Б.И. , Пягай Г.Б.
Published: March 2022

В статье кратко изложены этиология, патогенез, патогистология, клиника, диагностика и лечение псевдоксантомы эластической. Приведено описание клинического случая данного заболевания.

The article briefly outlines the etiology, pathogenesis, histopathology, clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment of pseudoxanthoma elasticum. A description of the clinical case of this disease is given.
Prevalence of ectopic eruption and intercanine distance in children aged 6 to 12 years. Cycle 2019-2020
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, MARTÍNEZ-ORTIZ Rosa María , TAVIZON-GARCÍA Jesús Andrés ,   Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, CARLOS-SÁNCHEZ María Dolores ,   Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, CORDERO-CELIBEE Monserrat ,   Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas
Published: March 2022

The development of permanent teeth and their eruption is of utmost clinical importance, it is also useful in anthropology, demography, forensic medicine and paleontology studies. When the eruption sequence and the mechanisms are not adequate, it causes an ectopic eruption that must be detected in time in order to avoid damage to the occlusion that affects the aesthetics, function, self-esteem and quality of life of the child. Objective: To identify the prevalence of ectopic eruption and intercanine distance in children aged 6 to 12 years. Methodology: An epidemiological, cross-sectional, descriptive study was carried out in order to clinically detect this eruption anomaly. The selection of the sample was 77 children who met the selection criteria, during the 2019-2020 school year. In a rural primary school in a municipality of Zacatecas, the intercanine distance measurements were subsequently carried out with the help of a Vernier, after calibration and informed consent, the information was processed through the statistical program SPSS V 24 and Excel. Results: The prevalence of ectopic eruption was 22%, the female gender the most frequent age was 7 years. The average upper intercanine distance was 26.76mm * - and in the lower jaw it was 33.4mm + _: the tooth that presented the most frequent ectopic eruption was No. 22, the least frequent was 32 and 15. It was observed a decrease in the intercanine distance 26.7mm. In children with multiple ectopic eruption, the intercanine distance decreased, the lower lateral incisors were detected between the teeth with the highest prevalence of ectopic eruption. Conclusions: It is necessary to intervene in the early stages in order to avoid the installation of malocclusion and costly, long and more difficult orthodontic treatments. Prevention is better than cure.
Growth and development of the craneofacial region and the stomatognathic apparatus
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, TORRE-MARTÍNEZ Hilda , THERIOT-GIRÓN María de Carmen ,   Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, CARRILLO-GONZÁLEZ Roberto ,   Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, MENDOZA-TIJERINA Adrian ,   Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this chapter is to recall the importance of craniofacial growth and development in the human being, that is why concepts and monitoring of this important process are included. It is a compilation of information obtained on the basis of knowledge obtained from the literature as well as from the authors, it can be said to be a systematic review of information or frame of reference. This is a contribution to the academic training of students and a brief journey through time on this topic for dentists in practice and teachers in this area. It is concluded that growth and development in the theoretical aspect is very important to apply in practice the knowledge obtained and remembered in this contribution.
Effect of the consumption of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni as a natural and artificial sweetener on fatigue and oxidative stress of skeletal muscle
Authors:   Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, MARTÍNEZ-MARTÍNEZ Cielo Maritza , BRAVO-SÁNCHEZ Estefanía ,   Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, SÁNCHEZ-DUARTE Elizabeth ,   Universidad de Guanajuato, MONTOYA-PÉREZ Rocío
Published: March 2022

Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni has non-caloric sweetening properties and its use has been linked to therapeutic effects. However, Stevia sp is sold as a substitute for sugar commercially, not only includes steviosides but is also combined with other high-intensity artificial sweeteners, which questions its safety. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of natural and artificial Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni on fatigue and oxidative stress of skeletal muscle. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into: (C) rats receiving water, (S); rats receiving 41.2 g/L sucrose solution (SRA); rats receiving solution with commercial sweetener (Svetia) 6 g/L; (SRN); rats receiving solution with the dried and powdered leaf of the Stevia sp. plant. 4.4 g/L. Eight weeks after the treatment, muscle tension recording, and measurement of oxidative stress markers were performed: levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and catalase activity. Additionally, body weight, postprandial glucose, and food intake were recorded throughout the experiment. The SRA caused an increase in body weight and a significant reduction in the resistance time to muscle fatigue and the maximum and total muscle tension force. Treatment with SRN caused significant improvements in the parameters studied (p <0.05). We conclude that natural S. rebaudiana is an essential alternative for weight control and the development of antioxidant defense against muscle fatigue but not in synergy with artificial sweeteners.
Espondiloartropatía destructiva no infecciosa en un paciente en hemodiálisis
Authors: Aristizabal-Alzate Arbey , Betancur-Salazar Kelly Johanna , Nieto-Ríos John Fredy , Ocampo-Kohn Catalina , Cadavid-Aljure Dahyana , Ochoa-Escudero Martin , Zuluaga-Valencia Gustavo , Serna Higuita Lina María
Published: March 2022

La espondiloartropatía destructiva es una patología osteoarticular presente en algunos pacientes con enfermedad crónica que puede afectar varios niveles de la columna vertebral y puede ser asintomática, generar dolor o causar complicaciones que ponen en peligro la integridad de la médula espinal y/o la vida. Presentamos el caso de un hombre de 70 años con enfermedad renal crónica terminal en hemodiálisis quien consultó por dolor dorsal y paraplejia, en quien se diagnosticó espondiloartropatía destructiva no infecciosa por imágenes y estudio histopatológico. Este caso nos muestra la importancia de pensar en esta patología y la necesidad de un enfoque multidisciplinario en el diagnóstico y manejo.
Enterocolopatía sprue-like asociada a la toma de olmesartán
Authors: Arranz Solana César , Pérez-Moyano Sara , Morillo-Blanco Lorena , Guilarte-López Julio
Published: March 2022

La diarrea crónica es una patología frecuente con un amplio diagnóstico diferencial. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con diarrea crónica secundaria a enterocolopatía por la toma prolongada de olmesartán. Se trata de una patología infradiagnosticada por desconocimiento de la entidad, pero que debe considerarse en base a la frecuencia de uso del grupo farmacológico. En nuestro caso, la buena evolución clínica tras la retirada del fármaco nos muestra la necesidad de considerarlo como causa directa del cuadro clínico. Un adecuado enfoque terapéutico en estos pacientes nos permitirá evitar pruebas complementarias, costes innecesarios y se traducirá en una mejora diagnóstica y del pronóstico de estos pacientes.
Tārah 5©: modelo de intervención para la atención de la violencia contra las mujeres, las adolescentes y las niñas desde un enfoque de seguridad y procuración de justicia
Authors: Rea Gómez Carolina , Motta Allen Alfonso J.
Published: March 2022

Tārah 5 es un modelo empírico en desarrollo para combatir principalmente y de manera urgente, la violencia contra las mujeres, las adolescentes y las niñas interrumpiendo el continuo de la violencia para evitar más feminicidios. Ha sido ideado a partir del conocimiento y la experiencia sobre los sistemas existentes de seguridad y procuración de justicia en México, y sobre esta base se enfoca en la necesidad de identificar esfuerzos y estructuras existentes en una localidad para lograr que funcionen como un todo. La naturaleza de la violencia contra las mujeres, las adolescentes y las niñas requiere que cada caso se atienda de manera individual y de forma articulada. La dimensión del problema demanda explorar todas las formas y enfoques posibles para cambiar positivamente la realidad de millones de mujeres, adolescentes y niñas que hoy son víctimas de algún nivel de violencia por el solo hecho de ser mujeres; y las cifras de mujeres asesinadas exige respuestas urgentes. La que aquí se presenta es una propuesta que los autores hacen desde la conjunción de sus propias plataformas de especialización.