bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanical stratigraphy of Mississippian strata using machine learning and seismic-based reservoir characterization and modeling, Anadarko Basin, Oklahoma
Authors: Tellez Javier , Pranter Matthew J. , Sondergeld Carl , Rai Chandra , Fu Jing , Han Heyleem , Dang Son , McLain Chris
Published: March 2021

The Sooner Trend in the Anadarko (Basin) in Canadian and Kingfisher counties play primarily produces oil and gas from Mississippian strata. The interval consists of interbedded argillaceous mudstones and calcareous siltstones. Such a contrast in rock composition is linked directly to the mechanical stratigraphy of the strata. Brittle (calcareous siltstones) and ductile beds (argillaceous mudstones) are related to the sequence-stratigraphic framework at different scales. We have used seismic and well-log data to estimate and map the geomechanical properties’ distribution and interpret the mechanical stratigraphy of rocks within the Mississippian strata. First, we defined the parasequences that form the main reservoir zones of the Meramecian-Mississippian strata. Once we established the stratigraphic framework, we estimated and compared rock brittleness index (BI) using two independent laboratory-based measurements from the core. The first method, the mineralogical-derived BI, uses mineralogical composition inverted from Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analyses, whereas the second method, the mechanical-derived BI, involves measurements of compressional and shear velocities from core plugs. We use the data from core-plug velocity measurements along with well logs and an artificial neural network approach to establish relationships among the geomechanical properties, well logs, and acoustic impedance values. We then applied these relationships to generate 3D geomechanical models constrained to seismic volumes. The resulting grid distributions illustrate the stratigraphic variability of the properties at the parasequence scale. Overall, brittle strata decrease in thickness and abundance basinward as the frequency of interbedded brittle and ductile zones increases and gradually transitions into thin calcite-cemented siltstones and clay-rich mudstones. Analysis of the production performance of selected horizontal wells drilled within the Mississippian strata indicates that the proportion of brittle and ductile rocks along the well path drilled and the drilled area vertical stacking pattern play a significant role in hydrocarbon production for these Mississippian units.
Real-World Outcomes With Generic Pomalidomide in Relapsed Refractory Multiple Myeloma—Experience From a Tertiary Care Cancer Center
Authors: Bondili Suresh Kumar , Bagal Bhausaheb , Zawar Abhinav , Ventrapati Pradeep , Thorat Jayashree , Gokarn Anant , Punatar Sachin , Nayak Lingaraj , Bonda Avinash , Jain Hashmukh , Sengar Manju , Khattry Navin
Published: March 2021

PURPOSE

The prognosis of relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) that is refractory to bortezomib and lenalidomide is very poor wherein the median survival is between 3 and 9 months. We did this retrospective analysis to study the pattern of utilization, tolerance, and outcomes with pomalidomide in these patients having RRMM.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Retrospective analysis of all the patients who were treated with generic pomalidomide at Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, during the period of May 2017 to March 2019 was done. Patients with secretory disease and who had completed at least one cycle of pomalidomide were analyzed for response rates, toxicity, and survival outcomes.

RESULTS

A total of 81 patients received pomalidomide-based therapy during this study period, out of which 75 were included in the survival analysis. Forty-eight patients (59.3%) were refractory to both lenalidomide and bortezomib. Overall response rate was 58.7%. Five patients (6.7%) achieved complete response, very good partial response was seen in 13 patients (17.3%), and partial response was seen in 26 patients (34.7%). After a median follow-up of 11 months (range 2-27 months), median progression-free survival was 9.1 months (95% CI, 5.4 to 12.9 months). Median progression-free survival for patients who were refractory to both lenalidomide and bortezomib versus nonrefractory was 5.5 and 12.6 months, respectively, which was significant statistically ( P = .04, hazard ratio, 0.35, 95% CI, 0.28 to 0.97). The median overall survival was not reached. Important toxicities included anemia (28%), neutropenia (16%), pneumonia (16%), and venous thrombosis (5%).

CONCLUSION

Generic pomalidomide-based therapy is an effective option and is well tolerated in patients with RRMM. Higher response rates and longer survival seen in our study are possibly because of heterogeneity of the study population.
Impact of COVID-19 on Cancer Care Delivery in Africa: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Oncology Providers in Africa
Authors: Martei Yehoda M. , Rick Tara J. , Fadelu Temidayo , Ezzi Mohammed S. , Hammad Nazik , Quadri Nasreen S. , Rodrigues Belmira , Simonds Hannah , Grover Surbhi , Incrocci Luca , Vanderpuye Verna
Published: March 2021

PURPOSE

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted cancer care globally. There are limited data of its impact in Africa. This study aims to characterize COVID-19 response strategies and impact of COVID-19 on cancer care and explore misconceptions in Africa.

METHODS

We conducted a web-based cross-sectional survey of oncology providers in Africa between June and August 2020. Descriptive statistics and comparative analysis by income groups were performed.

RESULTS

One hundred twenty-two participants initiated the survey, of which 79 respondents from 18 African countries contributed data. Ninety-four percent (66 of 70) reported country mitigation and suppression strategies, similar across income groups. Unique strategies included courier service and drones for delivery of cancer medications (9 of 70 and 6 of 70, respectively). Most cancer centers remained open, but > 75% providers reported a decrease in patient volume. Not previously reported is the fear of infectivity leading to staff shortages and decrease in patient volumes. Approximately one third reported modifications of all cancer treatment modalities, resulting in treatment delays. A majority of participants reported ≤ 25 confirmed cases (44 of 68, 64%) and ≤ 5 deaths because of COVID-19 (26 of 45, 58%) among patients with cancer. Common misconceptions were that Africans were less susceptible to the virus (53 of 70, 75.7%) and decreased transmission of the virus in the African heat (44 of 70, 62.9%).

CONCLUSION

Few COVID-19 cases and deaths were reported among patients with cancer. However, disruptions and delays in cancer care because of the pandemic were noted. The pandemic has inspired tailored innovative solutions in clinical care delivery for patients with cancer, which may serve as a blueprint for expanding care and preparing for future pandemics. Ongoing public education should address COVID-19 misconceptions. The results may not be generalizable to the entire African continent because of the small sample size.
Long-term GH Therapy Does Not Advance Skeletal Maturation in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Nwosu Benjamin Udoka , Jasmin Gabrielle , Parajuli Sadichchha , Rogol Alan D , Wallace Ellen Christine , Lee Austin F
Published: March 2021

Context

There is no consensus on the effect of recombinant human GH (rhGH) therapy on skeletal maturation in children despite the current practice of annual monitoring of skeletal maturation with bone age in children on rhGH therapy.

Aims

To investigate the effects of long-term rhGH therapy on skeletal age in children and explore the accuracy of bone age-predicted adult height (BAPAH) at different ages based on 13 years of longitudinal data.

Methods

A retrospective longitudinal study of 71 subjects aged 2 to 16 years, mean 9.9 ± 3.8 years, treated with rhGH for nonsyndromic short stature for a duration of 2 to 14 years, mean, 5.5 ± 2.6 years. Subjects with syndromic short stature and systemic illnesses such as renal failure were excluded.

Results

Bone age minus chronological age (BA-CA) did not differ significantly between baseline and the end of rhGH therapy (-1.05 ± 1.42 vs -0.69 ± 1.63, P = 0.09). Piecewise regression, however, showed a quantifiable catch-up phenomenon in BA of 1.5 months per year of rhGH therapy in the first 6.5 years (P = 0.017) that plateaued thereafter (P = 0.88). BAPAH overestimated near-adult height in younger subjects but became more accurate in older subjects (P < 0.0001). IGF-I levels correlated significantly with increases in child’s height and BA-CA.

Conclusion

Long-term rhGH therapy demonstrated an initial catch-up phenomenon in skeletal maturation in the first 6.5 years that plateaued thereafter with no overall significant advancement in bone age. These findings are reassuring and support strategic, but not the insurance company mandated reflexive annual monitoring of skeletal maturation with bone age in children receiving rhGH therapy.
Clinical trial of a rehabilitation device based on electrical stimulation for patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA): a study protocol
Authors: Moscoso-Barrera William D. , Agudelo‑Otalora Luis Mauricio , Moreno-Giraldo Angélica María , Burguete Javier , Fernández Secundino , Urrestarazu Bolumburu Elena , Gómez Diego Fernando , Pérez-Perdomo María Alejandra , Paipa José Miguel , Bazurto María Angélica , Gelvez Natalia , Bermúdez Carolina , Giraldo-Cadavid Luis F.
Published: March 2021

Obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnoea syndrome (OSA) is a respiratory disorder characterised by repetitive obstruction of the upper airway, leading to several interruptions during sleep. It is currently one of the main public health problems worldwide and one of the main cardiovascular risk factors in developed and intermediate developing countries, whose populations are increasing in rates of obesity and age. One of the common treatments for OSA is a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device, which pumps air through a hose, reaches a mask that the patient has over his or her nose and travels the airway, keeping the upper airway open during sleep and avoiding episodes of airway collapse. The problem is that CPAP is not accepted by some patients due to a lack of adaptation, so alternative treatments may be needed. For some years, there have been explorations of treatments related to electrical stimulation of the muscles of the upper airway as therapy to reduce the number of episodes of apnoea (measured through the apnoea–hypopnoea index) during the night, strengthening these muscles through stimulation. This is the protocol of the first clinical study of a rehabilitation device for home use that not only provides functional stimulation of the upper-airway dilator muscles but also provides sensory stimulation. This device works by strengthening the dilating muscles of the upper respiratory tract and improving the sensory capacity of the laryngo-pharyngeal tract and is based on existing publications on the effectiveness of functional and somatosensory neurostimulation through neuroplasticity in the recovery of neurological deficits.

Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT04607343 (29/10/2020)
XENOBREAST Trial: A prospective study of xenografts establishment from surgical specimens of patients with triple negative or luminal b breast cancer
Authors: Veyssière Hugo , Passildas Judith , Ginzac Angeline , Lusho Sejdi , Bidet Yannick , Molnar Ioana , Bernadach Maureen , Cavaille Mathias , Radosevic-Robin Nina , Durando Xavier
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Patient-derived xenografts (PDX) can be used to explore tumour pathophysiology and could be useful to better understand therapeutic response in breast cancer. PDX from mammary tumours are usually made from metastatic tumours. Thus, PDX from primary mammary tumours or after neoadjuvant treatment are still rare. This study aims to assess the feasibility to establish xenografts from tumour samples of patients with triple negative or luminal B breast cancer in neoadjuvant, adjuvant or metastatic setting.

Methods: XENOBREAST is a single-centre and prospective study. This feasibility pilot trial aims to produce xenografts from tumour samples of patients with triple negative or luminal B breast cancer. Patient enrolment is expected to take 3 years: 85 patients will be enrolled and followed for 28 months. Additional blood samples will be taken as part of the study. Surgical specimens from post-NAC surgery, primary surgery or surgical excision of the metastases will be collected to establish PDX. Histomolecular characteristics of the established PDX will be investigated and compared with the initial histomolecular profile of the collected tumours to ensure that they are well-established.

Ethics and dissemination: XENOBREAST belongs to category 2 interventional research on the human person. This study has been approved by the Sud Méditerranée IV – Montpellier ethics committee. It is conducted notably in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Study data and findings will be published in peer-reviewed medical journals. We also plan to present the study and all data at national congresses and conferences.

Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT04133077; registered on October 21, 2019.
Global prevalence and pathogenesis of headache in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mutiawati Endang , Syahrul Syahrul , Fahriani Marhami , Fajar Jonny Karunia , Mamada Sukamto S. , Maliga Helnida Anggun , Samsu Nur , Ilmawan Muhammad , Purnamasari Yeni , Asmiragani Annisa Ayu , Ichsan Ichsan , Emran Talha Bin , Rabaan Ali A. , Masyeni Sri , Nainu Firzan , Harapan Harapan
Published: March 2021

Background: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of headache in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to assess its association as a predictor for COVID-19. This study also aimed to discuss the possible pathogenesis of headache in COVID-19.

Methods: Available articles from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched as of September 2nd, 2020. Data on characteristics of the study, headache and COVID-19 were extracted following the PRISMA guidelines. Biases were assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The cumulative prevalence of headache was calculated for the general population (i.e. adults and children). The pooled odd ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) was calculated using the Z test to assess the association between headache and the presence of COVID-19 cases.

Results: We included 104,751 COVID-19 cases from 78 eligible studies to calculate the global prevalence of headache in COVID-19 and 17 studies were included to calculate the association of headache and COVID-19. The cumulative prevalence of headache in COVID-19 was 25.2% (26,464 out of 104,751 cases). Headache was found to be more prevalent, approximately by two-fold, in COVID-19 patients than in non-COVID-19 patients (other respiratory viral infections), OR: 1.73; 95% CI: 1.94, 2.5 with p=0.04.

Conclusion: Headache is common among COVID-19 patients and seems to be more common in COVID-19 patients compared to those with the non-COVID-19 viral infection. No definitive mechanisms on how headache  emerges in COVID-19 patients but several possible hypotheses have been proposed. However, extensive studies are warranted to elucidate the mechanisms.

PROSPERO registration: CRD42020210332 (28/09/2020)
Case Report: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma presenting as acute obstructive suppurative pancreatic ductitis
Authors: Sheikh Taha , Waqar Syed Hamza Bin , Burlen Jordan , Javaid Toseef , Nawras Ali
Published: March 2021

Acute obstructive suppurative pancreatic ductitis (AOSPD) is a rare form of infection primarily arising within the pancreatic duct in the setting of chronic pancreatitis. We present a case of AOSPD precipitated by obstructive adenocarcinoma of pancreatic head in an elderly woman with a past medical history of chronic pancreatitis, alcohol use disorder and, advanced dementia, who developed progressive abdominal pain during her hospital admission for urinary tract infection. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with balloon sweep of pus and stent placement resulted in prompt abdominal pain resolution. Our case highlights a rare presentation of AOSPD as a harbinger of pancreatic malignancy.
Current status of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors in the Asian countries: a systematic review
Authors: Susanna Dewi , Pratiwi Dian
Published: March 2021

Background:The application of insecticides for malaria vector control has remained a global problem, due to the current trend of increased resistance against these chemicals. This study aims to determine the insecticide-resistant status in Asia and how to implement the necessary interventions. Moreover, the implications of resistance in malaria vector control in this region were studied.

Methods:This systematic review was conducted using a predefined protocol based on PRISMA-retrieved articles from four science databases, namely ProQuest, Science Direct, EBSCO, and PubMed in the last ten years (2009 to 2019). The searching process utilized four main combinations of the following keywords: malaria, vector control, insecticide, and Asia. In ProQuest, malaria control, as well as an insecticide, were used as keywords. The following criteria were included in the filter, namely full text, the source of each article, scholarly journal, Asia, and publication date as in the last ten years.

Results:There were 1408 articles retrieved during the initial search (ProQuest=722, Science Direct=267, EBSCO=50, PubMed=285, and Scopus=84). During the screening, 27 articles were excluded because of duplication, 1361 based on title and abstract incompatibility with the inclusion criteria, and 20 due to content differences. In the final screening process, 15 articles were chosen to be analyzed. From the 15 articles, it is known that there was dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and pyrethroids resistance in several anopheles species with a mortality rate of less than 80%.

Conclusions:The report on the pyrethroid resistance was complicated, since this insecticide was considered effective in malaria vector control. Therefore, several strategies were required, including the management plans in selecting insecticides, using a rotation system during interventions in the field, regular monitoring, and integrating vector control based on physics, chemistry, and biology. All of these need to be supported by cross-sector policies and cooperation in achieving the 2030 malaria-free target.
Tetanus vaccine coverage in recommended and more than recommended doses among mothers in a West Cameroon health district: a cross sectional study
Authors: Nguemouo Nguegang Igor , Nguetsop Martin , Eba Ze Linda Evans , Anyambod Mboh Trevor , Omokolo Dominique Majoric , Noutakdie Fossi Ruth , Guenou Etienne , Ateudjieu Jerome
Published: March 2021

Background: Vaccination is the best way to protect newborns and mothers against tetanus. The number of doses of Td vaccine recommended by the Expanded Program of Immunization is based on documented protective immune response. During this decade, the Foumban Health District (FHD) was the seat of an epidemic despite the satisfactory administrative immunization coverage. This study was conducted in 2019 in the FHD to assess tetanus vaccine coverage among mothers for their last pregnancy and the cumulative number of vaccine doses administered to the mothers.

Method: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the FHD in 2019. Mothers living in the district with at least one child younger than five years were included and were selected by random stratified cluster sampling. Trained surveyors used a face-to-face questionnaire, data extraction grid and data-tracking grid to review and collect data from antenatal care booklets, vaccination cards and the women’s own reports of immunization. The immunization coverage per vaccine dose and vaccination completeness rate were estimated.

Results: From 621 women visited, 602 (96.9%) responded. A total of 176/511 women (34.4%) had evidence of vaccination. For the last pregnancy, the two-dose immunization proportion was 21.7% (111/511) for documented coverage and 47.6% (243/511) for undocumented coverage. 306/570 women (53.7%) had received more than the recommended five doses necessary for lifetime protection. The recruitment, two and five doses completeness rates were 99.9% (569/570), 95.8% (546/570) and 65.3% (372/570), respectively.

Conclusion: More than half of mothers received more doses of tetanus toxoid vaccine than necessary in FHD. This increased the resources needed and the cost of vaccination. Health personnel should be trained and supervised to assess pregnant women’s vaccination status before planning the number of vaccine doses to be administered during pregnancy.
Non-Recombinant Mutagenesis of Bacillus Tropicus CUIMW1718 for Hyper Production of Alginase
Authors: S Induresmi , PS Shiva Prasad , S William Joseph Kamal , Joy Maria , Erumalla Venkatanagaraju
Published: March 2021

Microbial extracellular enzymes occupied a prominent place in industrial sector due to their multifunctional ability. Extensive application of these, gap between production and demand is widening. In order to fulfil this gap, researchers focusing on various strain improvement methods such as recombinant and non-recombinant mutagenesis. In the present research work we made an attempt to screen high yielding industrial important extracellular alginase producing Bacillus tropicus CUIMW1718 strain by treating with inexpensive mutagens such as UV, EMS and EtBr. In this indigenous strain was subjected to Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, Ethidium bromide (EtBr), Ethyl Methane Sulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis, followed by cross mutation of Ultraviolet (UV) irradiated strain with Ethyl Methane Sulfonate (EMS) and Ethidium bromide (EtBr). High yielding mutant strains were selected based on zone of clearance.
Expression, Purification and Functional Antibacterial Characterization of Novel Antimicrobial Peptide Gene Pediocin against Salmonella typhii
Authors: M Vinitha , C Nandhini , Malla Sudhakar
Published: March 2021

Salmonella is known to be the major cause for the serious food infections prevailing round the world. Growing resistance to most of the antibiotics also makes the strain more problematic and threat. Food industry is experiencing a fatal loss both in terms of economy and the lives of cattle.
Characterization of Multiphase Polypyrrole/Vanadium Oxide Nano Composites for a.c. Conductivity and Dielectric Properties
Authors: B Kottan Nihal , M Laxmeesha Prajwal , Ganesh K M Purnachandra , BV Chaluvaraju , M V Murugendrappa
Published: March 2021

Vanadium oxide: Phase-1 and Phase-2 nano powers were synthesized from vanadium pentoxide in the presence of glucose using hydrothermal technique. The polypyrrole/vanadium oxide (PV P-1 and PV P-2) nano composites were synthesized with 15, 30, 45 and 60 weight percents of vanadium oxide: Phase-1 and Phase-2 in pyrrole, by the chemical polymerization (oxidation) method. The SEM micrographs of vanadium oxide: Phase-1 and Phase-2 nano powders have shown  mixture of nano belts & rods and PV P-1 & PV P-2 nano composites indicate that the composites have cluster formation with almost spherical nature particles and form elongated chains at some places. Conductivity versus frequency  plots shown that exponential increase for conductivity. The value of s increases to 1.13x10-3 S/cm for 15 wt. % of VO2 P-1 in polypyrrole & to 2.43x10-3 S/cm for 30 wt. % of VO2 P-2 in polypyrrole at 1 MHz.
Bernstein Polynomials
Authors: Mandyam N Anandaram
Published: March 2021

Bernstein polynomials (aka, B-polys) have excellent properties allowing them to be used as basis functions in many applications of physics. In this paper, a brief tutorial description of their properties is given and then their use in obtaining B-polys, B-splines or Basis spline functions, Bezier curves and ODE solution curves, is computationally demonstrated.  An example is also described showing their application to solving a fourth-order BVP relating to the bending at the free end of a cantilever.
ecología de las instituciones educativas: entorno, control social y comportamiento en colegios de Colombia
Authors: Morales Perdomo Tatiana
Published: March 2021

Según estudios de control social, existe una relación positiva entre las señales de desorden físico y social. En este estudio se utiliza un instrumento de observación directa del entorno en un grupo de colegios de Colombia para estimar la relación de los elementos del entorno físico y social y, la prevalencia de conductas e interacciones no convencionalesdentro de estos. Los resultados muestran que a mayores señales de desorden físico, mayor número de conductas e interacciones no convencionales. Sin embargo, se encontró una menor prevalencia de estos comportamientos en situaciones de mejor higiene y menos conductas no convencionales en el exterior del colegio.
Compra e venda de alimentos orgânicos para a alimentação escolar: dificuldades e estratégias de superação
Authors: Pizzi Marina , Secchi Martinelli Suellen , Fabri Rafaela Karen , Soares Panmela , Barletto Cavalli Suzi
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: Foram avaliadas as dificuldades no processo de compra /venda de produtos orgânicos da agricultura familiar para a alimentação escolar em 21 municípios do Sul do Brasil e identificadas as ações para superá-las. Métodos: Estudo quali-quantitativo realizado mediante entrevistas semiestruturadas com 111 informantes-chave envolvidos na alimentação escolar. Os entrevistados foram arguidos sobre as dificuldades da compra / venda de alimentos orgânicos para a alimentação escolar e sobre as ações que estão sendo desenvolvidas e/ou em planejamento para superação dessas problemáticas. Realizou-se análise descritiva das perguntas fechadas com base na distribuição da frequência e análise de conteúdo com codificação e categorização das questões abertas. Resultados: A maioria dos municípios (n=19) não comprava alimentos orgânicos provenientes da agricultura familiar. A pouca disponibilidade de mercado fornecedor e a baixa produção de alimentos orgânicos foram as dificuldades mais relatadas. Em contrapartida, os custos elevados dos produtos e a ausência de interesse da gestão pública na aquisição de alimentos orgânicos foram dificuldades pouco citadas. Os entrevistados apontaram que a compra/venda poderia aumentar com o fortalecimento dos processos de certificação participativa e se os envolvidos tivessem maiores informações sobre os benefícios e riscos dos modelos produtivos. Conclusões: Evidenciaram-se o fortalecimento da assistência técnica e extensão rural, desenvolvimento das regulamentações e incentivos para a certificação orgânica, apoio e investimento para a certificação participativa e orientações técnicas são estratégias necessárias para o incentivo da produção e consumo de alimentos orgânicos na alimentação humana.
Ambiente alimentar em um campus universitário: desenvolvimento e análise de instrumento para avaliação de estabelecimentos comerciais
Authors: Rodrigues Camila Batista , Monteiro Luana Silva , De Paula Nilma Morcerf , Pereira Rosângela Alves
Published: March 2021

Introdução: O ambiente alimentar do consumidor apresenta características que podem interferir nas escolhas alimentares, favorecendo ou limitando a promoção da alimentação saudável. Para identificar essas características, são necessários instrumentos específicos, apropriados e testados. Objetivo: Avaliar a reprodutibilidade do Questionário para Avaliação do Ambiente Alimentar em Estabelecimentos que Comercializam Refeições e Lanches Prontos para Consumo (QAA), desenvolvido com o intuito de identificar as barreiras e os facilitadores para escolhas alimentares saudáveis em campus universitário. Métodos: O QAA contém 86 questões divididas em descrição do serviço, disponibilidade de itens e barreiras e facilitadores para a alimentação saudável. A reprodutibilidade foi avaliada usando coeficiente kappa, p<0,05. Estimou-se escore baseado no QAA, com pontuação máxima de 36 pontos. A consistência interna do instrumento final foi verificada por meio do alfa de Cronbach, adotando α= 0,70 como o mínimo aceitável. Resultados: A reprodutibilidade foi elevada ou boa para 64% das questões, com média do kappa=0,72. A média do escore do QAA foi de 15,4 (DP=4,4), destacando-se que os restaurantes (escore médio=18,8) apresentaram pontuações mais elevadas quando comparados aos outros tipos de estabelecimentos (p-valor<0,01). Observou-se que 67% dos restaurantes e 13% dos quiosques/trailer estavam no tercil 3 do escore do QAA. Conclusão: O questionário foi considerado adequado para avaliar ambiente alimentar de serviços de alimentação comerciais, com capacidade de discriminação para inferir sobre o potencial para a promoção da alimentação saudável.
Recomendações alimentares e nutricionais para o Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar: uma análise da história recente
Authors: Lamonatto Taglietti Roberta , Paz Arruda Teo Carla Rosane
Published: March 2021

Introdução: O Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) é a iniciativa mais antiga do governo brasileiro na área de alimentação escolar e Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional, sendo o mais abrangente do mundo em relação ao atendimento de escolares e à garantia do Direito Humano à Alimentação Adequada e Saudável. Objetivo: Analisar as recomendações alimentares e nutricionais estabelecidas para o PNAE no período de 2009-2020. Método: Foi realizada uma busca on-line por documentos e legislações que tratavam da temática no site do Fundo Nacional de Desenvolvimento da Educação (FNDE). Além disso, foram utilizados materiais resultantes de pesquisas realizadas na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS-BIREME) e Google Acadêmico. Resultado: O PNAE tem sido marcado por avanços em relação à gestão e operacionalização, sendo a descentralização um processo que possibilitou a redução da oferta de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados na alimentação escolar. O ano de 2009 é um marco histórico para as recomendações alimentares e nutricionais, tendo em vista a obrigatoriedade, imposta pela Lei Federal n. 11.947/2009, de aquisição de alimentos oriundos da agricultura familiar para a alimentação escolar. Essa determinação foi reforçada pela Resolução CD/FNDE n. 38/2009, juntamente com a ampliação e o detalhamento sobre recomendações nutricionais e alimentares para o PNAE, sendo sucedida pelas Resoluções CD/FNDE n. 26/2013 e CD/FNDE n. 06/2020. Conclusão: Com base no processo avaliativo e comparativo da evolução das recomendações nutricionais do PNAE, é possível afirmar que a evolução ocorreu na medida em que o perfil de consumo alimentar e o estado nutricional da população brasileira foram se modificando.
Aceitabilidade de preparações culinárias com ora-pro-nóbis por escolares atendidos pelo Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar
Authors: Izzo Sophia , Domene Semíramis Martins Álvares
Published: March 2021

Introdução: O apoio ao desenvolvimento sustentável por meio da aquisição de alimentos diversificados e regionais é uma das diretrizes do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar. De grande aplicação culinária, a ora-pro-nóbis é uma planta alimentícia não convencional com elevada densidade nutricional, que pode contribuir para a valorização da biodiversidade brasileira, enriquecimento nutricional da dieta e incentivo à agricultura familiar. Objetivo: O principal objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o potencial de introdução de receitas culinárias do projeto Biodiversidade para Alimentação e Nutrição com ora-pro-nóbis em cardápios do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar, a partir da medida da aceitação de escolares atendidos. Método: Estudo transversal experimental controlado conduzido com escolares de 8-10 anos matriculados em duas escolas municipais de Santos-SP, localizadas em regiões com indicadores sociodemográficos distintos. A escala hedônica facial foi utilizada para avaliar a aceitabilidade do pão e torta de ora-pro-nóbis, e suas respectivas preparações-controle elaboradas com a couve-manteiga. Resultado: As preparações com ora-pro-nóbis melhoraram a densidade de micronutrientes e fibra alimentar. O pão de ora-pro-nóbis foi aceito pelos escolares de menor nível socioeconômico (p<0,05). A análise sensorial das preparações resultou em percentuais de aceitação de 46-72%, insuficientes para sua incorporação no cardápio escolar. Conclusão: A exposição repetida pode ser uma estratégia adotada para a familiarização e melhora da aceitação pelos escolares. Os alimentos da biodiversidade brasileira devem continuar sendo estudados e explorados, pois possuem grande potencial nutricional, contribuem para a valorização de espécies nativas, rompimento da monotonia alimentar, transformação dos sistemas agroalimentares e promoção da segurança alimentar e nutricional.
Benefits of an NHS trust collaborating with the wound care industry
Authors: Collier Mark
Published: March 2021

The principle of collaborative working was widely promoted by the World Health Organisation (WHO) in 2010 when they wrote ‘that professionals who actively bring the skills of different individuals together, with the aim of clearly addressing the health-care needs of patients and the community, will strengthen the health system and lead to enhanced clinical and health related outcomes'. As a result of this, the development of a multidisciplinary team approach to the management of patients with wounds was actively promoted by various International organisations, such as the European Wound Management Association (EWMA) in 2014, however this article illustrates an example of how a collaborative working protocol has been incorporated within Tissue Viability and wound care environments within an NHS Trust for the past two decades.
Core psychosocial issues for children and adolescents in the context of limb lengthening and reconstruction surgery treatment
Authors: Hamilton Amber A. , Mehta Rena , Sue Epstein B. , Fabricant Peter D. , Fragomen Austin T. , Robert Rozbruch S.
Published: March 2021

Purpose

Addressing the psychosocial needs of adolescents can improve surgical outcomes. The aim of this retrospective comparative study was to understand the core psychosocial factors that shaped the experiences of adolescents who underwent multiple limb lengthening/reconstruction surgeries (LLRS).

Methods

A novel 62-question survey was developed and administered to 31 patients from the study institution. Data was obtained using a self-report inventory assessing medical care, communication/connection to doctor, peer relations, physical space, self-esteem, counselling/clergy, physical/emotional support, school issues and concerns about future. This survey and demographic questions were administered to young adults (now aged 18 to 30 years) who underwent LLRS treatment between the ages of 11 to 20 years.

Results

Psychosocial needs were determined to be within the categories of body image/self-esteem, subjective perception of treatment, patient-physician relationship, role of parents, peer interactions, academic performance and hospital experience. Patients valued parental involvement while also wanting their surgeon to speak directly to them. They preferred to be in private rooms on the paediatric floor and to not socialize while in the hospital. They were indifferent to keeping up with friends, speaking to a counsellor and having their surgeon inquire about their emotions. They expressed concern about pain, carrying out activities and the financial impact of surgery.

Conclusions

Adolescent LLRS patients value focused psychosocial support from their surgeon and caregivers. This perceived level of support influences their ability to cope with their condition. These findings helped us understand the psychological issues and preferences of adolescents who underwent LLRS and can assist orthopaedic surgeons in providing holistic care.

Level of Evidence

IV
Short Communication: Plant diversity utilization and land cover composition in the Subak Jatiluwih, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Sutomo Sutomo , Iryadi Rajif , Darma I Dewa Putu , Wibawa I Putu Agus Hendra , Rahayu Ayyu , Hanum Siti Fatimah , Rizal Syamsul , Novamizanti Ledya , Raharjo Jangkung
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Sutomo, Iryadi R, Darma ID, Wibawa IPAH, Rahayu A, Hanum SF, Rizal S, Novamizanti L, Raharjo J. 2021. Short Communication: Plant diversity utilization, and land cover composition in the Subak Jatiluwih, Bali, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 1424-1432. Subak is water management or irrigation system for paddy fields in Bali Island and it has been assigned as a UNESCO’s World Heritage Site. At a landscape level, it comprises several components which are forests, terraced paddy landscape, rice fields, villages and temples. Subak in Jatiluwih Village, Tabanan Regency depicts an area characterized by its natural appearance in the form of a vast rice valley with a dike in stratum following its natural contours (frequent terraces). This paper aimed to explore plant diversity in various vegetations around Subak Jatiluwih as well as their usage in the daily living of the local community. We also explore the potential application of drone for classifying the landscape patterns of the Subak.Vegetation sampling to record plant diversity was done using purposive sampling, and drone or Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) was used to map the Subak Jatiluwih landscape. The potential usage of each species was obtained through interview with key respondents, and the level of usage of each species was analyzed using the BIV (Benefit Index Value). Tegalan area shows the highest number plant diversity in Subak Jatiluwih area. Furthermore, there are four species of plants that have the highest BIV namely: Cocos nucifera L., Psidium guajava L., Areca catechu L. and Musa × paradisiaca L.. Various plant uses by the locals include for animal feed, building, ceremony, craft, and food and medicinal purposes. The landscape in Subak Jatiluwih is dominated the vast valley of rice fields that has strata following its natural contours. These conditions provide opportunities to applied the conservation strategy based on cultural and custom values.
Surface ultrastructure of Blastocystis sp. isolated from cattle
Authors: WIDISUPUTRI NI KOMANG APRILINA , LASTUTI NUNUK DYAH RETNO , SUPRIHATI ENDANG , HASTUTIEK POEDJI , PLUMERIASTUTI HANI , MUFASIRIN MUFASIRIN , PUSPITASARI HENI , Suwanti Lucia Tri
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Widisuputri NKA, Lastuti NDR, Suprihati E, Hastutiek P, Plumeriastuti H, Mufasirin, Puspitasari H, Suwanti LT. 2021. Surface ultrastructure of Blastocystis sp. isolated from cattle. Biodiversitas 22: 1514-1518. Blastocystis sp is a protozoan parasite commonly detected in the intestinal tract of humans and various animals that causes zoonotic blastocystosis. The pathogenic potential of Blastocystis is still being evaluated, some Blastocystis sp are completely pathogenic, while others can be considered commensal and hypothetical, related to the role of the surface coat of Blastocystis sp. This study aimed to compare the surface ultrastructure of Blastocystis sp. in cattle with diarrhea and non diarrhea by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Four Blastocystis sp. isolates were selected from the faeces of four positives cattle which consisted of two diarrhea and two non-diarrhea cattle. The result showed that Blastocystis sp. in cattle appeared in round shape and reproduced by binary fission.  The surface cell of Blastocystis sp. isolates from diarrhea cattle had a rough surface while organism of non diarrhea cattle isolates was very smooth. Bacteria were seen attached to the surface of Blastocystis sp. from diarrhea cattle faeces. In conclusion, the features of the surface structure of Blastocystis sp. correlated with symptomatic appearance. The surface structure of Blastocystis sp. isolates from cattle with diarrhea was rougher than non diarrhea.
Effect of fertilizer application on winter wheat productivity under precision agriculture in Kazakhstan
Authors: Baimuratov Alibek , BASTAUBAYEVA SHOLPAN , ARSLAN MEHMET , YERALIYEVA ZHANAR
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Baimuratov, A, Bastaubayeva S, Arslan M, Yeraliyeva Z. 2021. Effect of fertilizer application on winter wheat productivity under precision agriculture in Kazakhstan. Biodiversitas 22: 1558-1563. The effect of mineral fertilization of light chestnut soils of Almalybak, Kazakhstan on the three winter wheat varieties grain yields and NDVI was carried out in 2017/18, 2018/2019 as well as 2019/2020 growing seasons using precision agriculture technologies. The experiments were set up in an incomplete factorial design with rates of NPK N90P60K45, N120P90K60, and N150P120K90. Agrochemical cartograms were ordered for the substance of effectively hydrolyzable nitrogen, extractable phosphorus, and exchangeable potassium. The total variation of NDVI was from 0.62 in the minimum (Bezostaya 100 variety, 2017/18) to 0.88 in the maximum (Aliya variety, 2019/20) in the flowering phase of wheat plants. The highest index of NDVI was observed in the N150P120K90 in the three winter wheat varieties for the three seasons. Studies directed in multivariate analyses built up the connection between fertilizer application, soil fruitfulness, and grain yield. As per the genuine heterogeneity of the fields, standards were determined and differential use of the fundamental phosphorus fertilizer was completed. The yield for the winter wheat varieties varied between 5.6-5.9 t/ha for Aliya variety, 6.5-7.0 t/ha for Grom, and 6.2- 6.7 t/ha for Bezostaya 100, which presents that P120 doses were more suitable in experimental plots for winter wheat varieties. The grain yield on mineral fertilization of NPK for the studied varieties varied from 4.2 to 7.6 t/ha for Aliya variety, from 4.0 to 6.8 t/ha for the Bezostaya 100, and from 4.5 to 7.9 t/ha for Grom. The highest grain yield was observed in the N150P120K90 for three winter wheat varieties in all three seasons.
Diversity, conservation, potential uses, and alien species of lowland plants of Batang Toru, Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Putra Hirmas F. , Mustaqim Wendy A.
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Putra HF, Mustaqim WA. 2021. Diversity, conservation, potential uses, and alien species of lowland plants of Batang Toru, Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 1580-1591. A recent field inventory of lowland Sumatran plant diversity was carried out in two close sites of forest patches in the Batang Toru area. These are Muara Upu Swamp Forest and Simulak Anjing Hill Forest. This study aimed to investigate the species composition of two isolated lowland Sumatran forest patches on the west coast of the northern part of the island. The total number of species recorded was 181 species with 131 species known from Simulak Anjing Hill Forest, 54 from Muara Upu Swamp Forest, and only three species recorded from both sites. There are three species endemic to Sumatra, seven species listed as threatened according to the IUCN Red List, one species protected by the Indonesian government, and two are important records for Sumatra. Compared to the published literature, 88 species have been reported to have one or more uses, with 63 species have been used as the source of medicines, 19 as sources of fibers, 18 as the source of vegetables, and several other uses. Sixteen alien species were recorded including four species categorized as 100 world’s worst invasive species. It can be concluded that both areas are a home for important lowland plants of Sumatra as indicated by the presence of threatened, endemic, or poorly documented species. Besides that, there is also a need for concern about the presence of potential invasive alien species.
The effect of nauplii Artemia sp. enriched with biofloc on the performance of Penaeus monodon and Penaeus vannamei post-larvae
Authors: Supono Supono , Yanti Ayu N , Pertiwi Anggita P , Tarsim Tarsim , Wardiyanto Wardiyanto
Published: March 2021

Artemia sp. is a common natural feed for shrimps at the post-larvae stage and is characterized by poor lipid content. Therefore, Artemia is commonly enriched with specific nutrition, including biofloc. This contains some useful nutrients in the form of protein and polyhydroxy butyrate (PHB). The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of Artemia enriched with biofloc on the growth performance of black tiger shrimp, P. Monodon, and whiteleg shrimp P. vannamei. This research used acompletely randomized design (CRD), encompassing three treatments of feed and four replications. The tested treatments include: (a) Artemia sp. without enriched (b) Artemia enriched with biofloc, and (c) biofloc without Artemia, and the treatments were fed on black tiger as well as whiteleg shrimp post-larvae for 15 days. The results showed the significant effect of using  Artemia sp. enriched with biofloc on the growth of P. monodon and P. vannamei, but not on the survival rate. However, both parameters were significantly influenced for post-larvae shrimp at a dose of 30 mL biofloc. This served as a nutritional source by providing the best growth of 14.57 mg and 15 mg at a daily growth and survival rate of 0.86 mg day-1: 98% and 1.4 mg day-1: 99% for P. vannamei and P. monodon, respectively.
Length-weight relationship and environmental parameters of Macrobrachium malayanum (J. Roux, 1935) in Senggarang Water Flow, Tanjungpinang City, Riau Islands, Indonesia
Authors: Muzammil Wahyu , Apriadi Tri , Melani Winny Retna , Handayani Kurnia Dwi
Published: March 2021

Macrobrachium malayanum (J. Roux, 1935) is a freshwater prawn occuring in Senggarang Water Flow, Tanjungpinang City, Riau Island, Indonesia. Least concern (LC) status of the IUCN red list threatened species and limited research about this species in Senggarang Water Flow cause this basic research is important to do. The objectives of the study were to examine the length-weight relationship of the M. malayanum in Senggarang Water Flow, Tanjungpinang City, Riau Island Province, Indonesia. A total of 84 samples were used in this study consist of 32 samples in February and 52 samples in April. Length-weight relationship of M. malayanum in February was W= 0.093TL1.425 (R2 = 0.59) and W=0.052TL2.195 (R2 = 0.75). Samples in February and April showed negative allometric growth. A temporal analysis of the negative allometric in b value showed in April (2.195) more larger than February (1.425). Environmental parameters such as temperature, current, dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity, nitrate, and phospate are still appropriate condition. M. malayanum found in substrate type slightly gravelly sand and gravelly sand.
Gonad maturity of simping Placuna placenta, Linn 1758 (Bivalve: Placunidae) harvested from Kronjo Coastal, Indonesia
Authors: Yonvitner Yon , Setyobudiandi Isdradjad , Dahuri Rokhmin , Jamilah Jamilah
Published: March 2021

Simping (P. placenta) is a coastal resource found in shallow water with a muddy substrate. Simping widely used as a source of food and as raw material for the decoration.  Utilization of simping until now has not yet focused on recruitment, reproductive aspect. This information is important as a basis data for determining the size of the simping catch. This study aimed to find out about of reproduction aspect, determining sex ratio the size of the catch simping. This research was conduct for three months at 3 locations. The number of samples in the analysis is 36 species to determine sex ratio and gonad maturity.  Sex ratio indifferent from male and female, but based on the time sex ratio of simping significant, both male and female. The length size of gonads shellfish matures form 5.50 cm and 5.85 cm at 2 TKG conditions. Length of simping mature from 6.08 cm, 6.24 cm, 6.45 cm and 7.11 cm dominant at TKG mature stage 3,  and 8.61 cm dominant at 4 TKG conditions. Sex ratio reaches 6 cm shell length and not significant between males and females (M: F=1;1).  It is concluded that  the level of maturity of gonads increases  with increasing of simping size.