bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Catalytic Pyrolysis of Low-Density Polyethylene Waste
Authors: Calinescu Ioan , Psenovschi Grigore , Cojocaru Mihaela , Chisega-Negrila Ciprian Gabriel , Albulescu Carmen , Brebu Mihai , Trifan Adrian , Ignat Nicoleta Daniela , Chipurici Petre
Published: August 2024

Plastics, once regarded as a revolutionary material shaping modern society, now pose an unprecedented threat to our environment. Household solid waste sorting stations produce several fractions, one of which contains a high concentration of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) film waste (packaging, sunscreen film, etc.). This fraction is difficult to recycle because it contains quite a lot of impurities. Usually, it is sent to cement factories that burn it together with other fuels. However, with some processing techniques such as catalytic pyrolysis, this fraction could be valorized. In this paper, experiments were carried out in batches at a laboratory-scale installation, with a processing capacity of 1–3 kg of waste. A pyrolysis reactor was connected to a distillation column, enabling separation of the fractions. The gaseous and liquid fractions were characterized by GC-FID-TCD (gases) and GC-MS (liquids) analysis. Natural catalysts such as bentonite or clinoptilolite were studied and used in the melting of plastic mass to simplify the process as much as possible. To test the activity of the catalysts, the pyrolysis of LDPE granules was initially studied. It was found that natural zeolites are much more active than bentonite and that a minimum concentration of 5–10% is needed to have a positive effect on the composition of the fractions (increasing the weight of the light fractions (C1–C6, C6–C10, and C11–C13) in relation to the heavy fractions (C13–C20 and C20+). Catalytic pyrolysis gives a completely different distribution of light hydrocarbons. The best catalyst selected from LDPE lab experiments was then tested upon the pyrolysis of plastic film waste obtained by a waste treatment plant. The research objective reported in this paper was to obtain a fraction of combustible gases in the largest possible proportion, which can be much more easily exploited by burning in an engine that drives an electric generator.
Sustainable Inventory Managements for Non-Instantaneous Deteriorating Items: Preservation Technology and Green Technology Approaches with Advanced Purchase Discounts and Joint Emission Regulations
Authors: Chiu Shun-Po , Liao Jui-Jung , Kang Sung-Lien , Srivastava Hari Mohan , Lin Shy-Der
Published: August 2024

The present article aims to determine the green economic policies of an inventory model for non-instantaneous deteriorating items under practical scenarios. These scenarios involve specific maximum lifetimes for items with deteriorations controllable through investments in preservation technologies, which can affect the period without deterioration. Additionally, carbon is emitted due to energy-related costs, prompting retailers to invest in green technology investments to reduce carbon emissions concurrently under the carbon tax policy and the carbon cap-and-trade policy simultaneously. Meanwhile, when a retailer is required to make a prepayment, the purchase discount policy is contingent on the number of installments offered. This means that the retailer prepays off the entire purchasing cost with a single installment, thereby receiving a maximum percentage of price discount. Otherwise, the retailer prepays a certain fraction of the purchasing cost with multiple installments, and the percentage of the price discount will be contingent on the number of n identical installments. In this context, we present theoretical results for optimal solutions, and a salient algorithm is presented, which is derived from these theoretical findings within a sustainable inventory system. To better illustrate the proposed mathematical problems, several numerical examples are presented, followed by sensitivity analysis for different scenarios.
UDR-GS: Enhancing Underwater Dynamic Scene Reconstruction with Depth Regularization
Authors: Du Yu , Zhang Zhisheng , Zhang Peng , Sun Fuchun , Lv Xiao
Published: August 2024

Representing and rendering dynamic underwater scenes present significant challenges due to the medium’s inherent properties, which result in image blurring and information ambiguity. To overcome these challenges and accomplish real-time rendering of dynamic underwater environments while maintaining efficient training and storage, we propose Underwater Dynamic Scene Reconstruction Gaussian Splatting (UDR-GS), a method based on Gaussian Splatting. By leveraging prior information from a pre-trained depth estimation model and smoothness constraints between adjacent images, our approach uses the estimated depth as a geometric prior to aid in color-based optimization, significantly reducing artifacts and improving geometric accuracy. By integrating depth guidance into the Gaussian Splatting (GS) optimization process, we achieve more precise geometric estimations. To ensure higher stability, smoothness constraints are applied between adjacent images, maintaining consistent depth for neighboring 3D points in the absence of boundary conditions. The symmetry concept is inherently applied in our method by maintaining uniform depth and color information across multiple viewpoints, which enhances the reconstruction quality and visual coherence. Using 4D Gaussian Splatting (4DGS) as a baseline, our strategy demonstrates superior performance in both RGB novel view synthesis and 3D geometric reconstruction. On average, across multiple datasets, our method shows an improvement of approximately 1.41% in PSNR and a 0.75% increase in SSIM compared with the baseline 4DGS method, significantly enhancing the visual quality and geometric fidelity of dynamic underwater scenes.
The Pedal Curves Generated by Alternative Frame Vectors and Their Smarandache Curves
Authors: Canlı Davut , Şenyurt Süleyman , Ertem Kaya Filiz , Grilli Luca
Published: August 2024

In this paper, pedal-like curves are defined resulting from the orthogonal projection of a fixed point on the alternative frame vectors of a given regular curve. For each pedal curve, the Frenet vectors, the curvature and the torsion functions are found to provide the common relations among the main curve and its pedal curves. Then, Smarandache curves are defined by using the alternative frame vectors of each pedal curve as position vectors. The relations of the Frenet apparatus are also established for the pedal curves and their corresponding Smarandache curves. Finally, the expressions of the alternative frame apparatus of each Smarandache curves are given in terms of the alternative frame elements of the pedal curves. Thus, a set of new symmetric curves are introduced that contribute to the vast curve family.
Utilizing Potential Field Mechanisms and Distributed Learning to Discover Collective Behavior on Complex Social Systems
Authors: Zhang Junqiao , Qu Qiang , Chen Xuebo
Published: August 2024

This paper proposes the complex dynamics of collective behavior through an interdisciplinary approach that integrates individual cognition with potential fields. Firstly, the interaction between individual cognition and external potential fields in complex social systems is explored, integrating perspectives from physics, cognitive psychology, and social science. Subsequently, a new modeling method for the multidimensional potential field mechanism is proposed, aiming to reduce individual behavioral errors and cognitive dissonance, thereby improving system efficiency and accuracy. The approach uses cooperative control and distributed learning algorithms to simulate collective behavior, allowing individuals to iteratively adapt based on local information and collective intelligence. Simulations highlight the impact of factors such as individual density, noise intensity, communication radius, and negative potential fields on collective dynamics. For instance, in a high-density environment with 180 individuals, increased social friction and competition for resources significantly decrease collective search efficiency. Validation is achieved by comparing simulation results with existing research, showing consistency and improvements over traditional models. In noisy environments, simulations maintain higher accuracy and group cohesion compared to standard methods. Additionally, without communication, the Mean Squared Error (MSE) initially drops rapidly as individuals adapt but stabilizes over time, emphasizing the importance of communication in maintaining collective efficiency. The study concludes that collective behavior emerges from complex nonlinear interactions between individual cognition and potential fields, rather than being merely the sum of individual actions. These insights enhance the understanding of complex system dynamics, providing a foundation for future applications in adaptive urban environments and the design of autonomous robots and AI systems.
A Strategic Multidirectional Approach for Picking Indicator Systems of Sustainability in Urban Areas
Authors: Guarini Maria Rosaria , Sica Francesco , Tajani Francesco , Sabatelli Emma , Anelli Debora
Published: August 2024

In a global context, the identification of frameworks and assessment tools for achieving sustainable development requires the study of urban sustainability at different scales. While sustainability can be quantified more precisely on a larger scale, it is challenging to adapt these accounting techniques to smaller sites. Measuring becomes more challenging when researching urban sustainability from several viewpoints, especially when constructing an acceptable set of measurements while taking into account the several issues of the unique decision-making apparatus from theoretical and geographical perspectives. Which sorts of indicators should be prioritized above others? How many indicators should be used? Which criteria should be employed to choose the best indicators for the location of interest? This study addresses the aforementioned research problems by proposing a systematic, multidirectional approach to defining an adequate collection of indicators for sustainability accounting in urban situations. A top-down strategy, which provides a literature study to identify regularly used indicators in essential sustainability categories, is joined by a bottom-up approach, which creates indicators based on real-world circumstances. The combination of these two methodologies seeks to produce a set of relevant sustainability measurements. A neighborhood rehabilitation project for public housing in Le Lignon (Switzerland) serves as a pilot case for calibrating the proposed multidirectional technique. The final findings can support the public and private parties involved in sustainable urban planning procedures in assessing urban projects based on location-specific features.
Mechanisms of Gut-Related Viral Persistence in Long COVID
Authors: McMillan Philip , Turner Anthony J. , Uhal Bruce D.
Published: August 2024

Long COVID (post-acute sequelae of COVID-19—PASC) is a consequence of infection by SARS-CoV-2 that continues to disrupt the well-being of millions of affected individuals for many months beyond their first infection. While the exact mechanisms underlying PASC remain to be defined, hypotheses regarding the pathogenesis of long COVID are varied and include (but are not limited to) dysregulated local or systemic inflammatory responses, autoimmune mechanisms, viral-induced hormonal imbalances, skeletal muscle abnormalities, complement dysregulation, novel abzymes, and long-term persistence of virus and/or fragments of viral RNA or proteins. This review article is based on a comprehensive review of the wide range of symptoms most often observed in long COVID and an attempt to integrate that information into a plausible hypothesis for the pathogenesis of PASC. In particular, it is proposed that long-term dysregulation of the gut in response to viral persistence could lead to the myriad of symptoms observed in PASC.
Longitudinal Screening for Oral High-Risk Non-HPV16 and Non-HPV18 Strains of Human Papillomavirus Reveals Increasing Prevalence among Adult and Pediatric Biorepository Samples: A Pilot Study
Authors: Jacobs Jordan , Chon Eugene , Kingsley Karl
Published: August 2024

Most high-risk oral human papillomavirus research has focused on prevalent HPV16 and HPV18, with fewer studies focused on other high-risk strains incorporated into the nine-valent HPV vaccine. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the oral prevalence of non-HPV16 and non-HPV18 high-risk strains. A total of n = 251 existing biorepository saliva samples were screened using validated primers and qPCR. A total of n = 72 samples tested positive for HPV, including HPV31, HPV33, HPV35, HPV52, and HPV58. In addition, there were also significant increases in the prevalence of these high-risk strains (2011–2014, 21.3%) following the nine-valent HPV vaccine’s introduction (2015–2019, 36.2%). However, the distribution of HPV-positive samples was nearly equal among males and females (52.8%, 47.2%, respectively, p = 0.5485), although the majority (66.7%) of the HPV-positive samples were within the HPV vaccination age (11 to 26 years) or catch-up range (27 to 45 years). These data demonstrated that the prevalence of high-risk oral HPV may be higher than anticipated, highly concentrated among patients within the recommended vaccination age range, and may be increasing over time—providing new evidence and support for the nine-valent HPV vaccine that covers these additional high-risk HPV strains.
Sources, Transport, and Accumulation of Synthetic Microfiber Wastes in Aquatic and Terrestrial Environments
Authors: Samal Kundan , Samal Satya Ranjan , Mishra Saurabh , Nayak Jagdeep Kumar
Published: August 2024

The global proliferation of synthetic microfiber waste has emerged as a pressing environmental concern due to its widespread distribution in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Primary sources of synthetic microfibers include laundering of synthetic textiles, manufacturing, and plastic breakdown, with transport via wastewater, runoff, atmospheric deposition, and animal ingestion. This review highlights the sources of microfiber formation and accumulation, ranging from freshwater lakes and rivers to deep-sea sediments. The presence of microfibers in agricultural soils, urban dust, and even remote locations indicates atmospheric transportation and diverse accumulation patterns. Additionally, this review discusses the transportation of microfibers through various pathways and elaborates on various treatment technologies for microfiber removal and reduction. The potential human health impacts and mitigation solutions are also highlighted. Overall, this review aims to provide comprehensive knowledge of the sources, transport mechanisms, and accumulation patterns of synthetic microfibers, emphasizing their multifaceted environmental impact and the need for further research to develop effective solutions.
Sludge Composting—Is This a Viable Solution for Wastewater Sludge Management?
Authors: Manea Elena Elisabeta , Bumbac Costel
Published: August 2024

Wastewater treatment plants generate significant amounts of sludge, a residual product that is rich in nutrients, usually considered waste, and traditionally eliminated by storage or incineration, methods that are expensive, environmentally damaging, and often unsustainable. Composting is increasingly recognized as an ecological and durable solution for managing biodegradable waste, including sludge resulting from wastewater treatment. The composting of residual sludge usually requires mixing with bulking agents, such as green waste or agricultural residues, to ensure a well-balanced carbon–nitrogen ratio. This mixture undergoes a controlled aerobic decomposition, sometimes followed by post-treatment, resulting in a stabilized final product that is nutrient-rich and pathogen-free and can be used as soil amendment or fertilizer in different agricultural or landscaping applications. By using composting, communities can reduce elimination costs, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and minimize the environmental impact of sludge management. This paper reviews recent reported experiences in the laboratory regarding full-scale sludge composting, highlighting the particularities of the processes, the influence factors, the quality of the final product, and the environmental and regulatory constraints. Composting is a sustainable and ecological solution for managing wastewater sludge, contributing to nutrient circularity, and minimizing the environmental impact.
Building Reservoirs as Protection against Flash Floods and Flood Basins Management—The Case Study of the Stubo–Rovni Regional Water-Management System
Authors: Bezbradica Ljubiša , Josimović Boško , Radić Boris , Polovina Siniša , Crnčević Tijana
Published: August 2024

Global warming and climate change cause large temperature oscillations and uneven annual rainfall patterns. The rainy cycles characterized by frequent high-intensity rainfall in the area of the Stubo–Rovni water reservoir, which in 2014 peaked at 129 mm of water in 24 h (the City of Valjevo, the Republic of Serbia), caused major floods in the wider area. Such extremes negatively affect erosion processes, sediment production, and the occurrence of flash floods. The erosion coefficient before the construction of the water reservoir was Zm = 0.40, while the specific sediment production was about 916.49 m3∙km−2∙year−1. A hydrological study at the profile near the confluence of the Jadar and Obnica rivers, i.e., the beginning of the Kolubara river, the right tributary of the Sava (in the Danube river basin), indicates that the natural riverbed can accommodate flows with a 20% to 50% probability of occurrence (about 94 m3/s), while centennial flows of about 218 m3/s exceed the capacities of the natural riverbed of the Jadar river, causing flooding of the terrain and increasing risks to the safety of the population and property. The paper presents the impacts of the man-made Stubo–Rovni water reservoir on the catchment area and land use as the primary condition for preventing erosion processes (specific sediment production has decreased by about 20%, the forest cover increased by about 25%, and barren land decreased by 90%). Moreover, planned and controlled management of the Stubo–Rovni reservoir has significantly influenced the downstream flow, reducing the risks of flash floods.
INVESTIGATION OF GAS TRANSMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF THIN-FILM MEMBRANE MATERIALS BASED ON PALLADIUM ALLOYS
Authors: Andreev Georgy , Pushankina Polina , Simonov Alexander , Petriev Iliya
Published: August 2024

All-metal thin-film membrane materials based on palladium alloys have been developed, namely Pd-40%Cu, Pd-23%Ag, Pd-25%Cu-5%Au. Thin films were obtained by melting in an electric arc furnace in an argon atmosphere, followed by cold rolling to a thickness of 20-30 microns. Alloying palladium with other metals in the creation of thin-film membrane materials allows solving the problem of hydrogen embrittlement, as well as reducing the cost of the final product. These developed thin-film materials were studied in the processes of obtaining high-purity oxygen as membranes. It was found that membranes based on the Pd-Ag alloy have the highest hydrogen flux density, which is presumably due to the ordering of the solid solution to form a β-phase with a less dense crystal lattice, compared with the HCC lattice of the α-phase. The numerical values of the flux density for Pd-23%Ag membranes are up to 24,8 mmol/(s·m2), which is up to 2,6 times higher than pure palladium. Samples made of Pd-40% Si alloy with at least a high flux density of 11,3 mmol/(s·m2). The alloy Pd-25%Cu-5%Au had the lowest values. The hydrogen flux density was 5,4 mmol/(s·m2). It has been established that palladium alloying with other metals leads not only to an improvement in the strength characteristics of thin-film membrane materials, but also significantly increases their gas transmission characteristics. These developed membrane materials will be able to become the basis for diffusion filters in steam reforming reactors of hydrocarbons.
CALCULATION OF A WIND POWER INSTALLATION FOR AUTONOMOUS POWER POWER FOR A GREENHOUSE IN THE LENINGRAD REGION
Authors: Egorov Mikle , Mitoguz Sofia , Ryzhova E. , Demidova Nina , Makarova M
Published: August 2024

The article discusses the transition to the use of a wind power plant (WPP) for autonomous power supply of a greenhouse with an area of 20 square meters. m in order to ensure sustainable and environmentally friendly energy supply. The transition to wind turbines is driven by the desire to reduce dependence on traditional energy sources and reduce the carbon footprint of agricultural activities. The key stages of designing and calculating the power of wind turbines necessary for a stable power supply to the greenhouse are described, including the needs for heating, lighting and ventilation. Climatic and wind conditions affecting the efficiency of wind turbine operation are analyzed, and calculations of the daily energy consumption of the greenhouse are provided. The article highlights the economic and environmental benefits of using wind turbines, such as reducing operating costs and supporting sustainable agriculture. In conclusion, recommendations are given for the selection and installation of wind turbines, taking into account the specific requirements of the greenhouse and operating conditions.
DIGITIZATION OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF POWER MACHINES AND SYSTEMS
Authors: Novgorodtsev Viktor , Zhukov Ivan
Published: August 2024

Correct, serviceable and high-quality operation of a turbomachine directly depends on the condition of its flow path. One of the reasons for the decrease in the efficiency and reliability of the turbine unit is the wear of the blade apparatus due to the formation of various defects on the edges and surface of the blade airfoil. To study the influence of defects on the degradation of the characteristics of power machines, in addition to full-scale and numerical experiments, it is also proposed to use information from other researchers presented in open sources. For this purpose, this work describes an automated approach to digitizing the characteristics of power-generating machines and installations using the example of data on the effect of erosive wear of axial compressor blades on their integral characteristics.
AN EDUCATIONAL AND RESEARCH COMPUTATIONAL SCENARIO FOR CALCULATING THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE RADIAL COMPONENT OF THE POYNTING VECTOR IN THE SECTION OF THE SIMPLEST COAXIAL CABLE
Authors: Sizova Arina
Published: August 2024

An educational and research computational scenario has been developed to calculate the distribution of the radial (transverse) component of the Poynting vector in the section of a coaxial cable with a single-layer core and a single-layer shell at constant voltage and current. It is known that the Poynting vector physically represents the density of the electromagnetic power flux, i.e. it characterizes the flow of electricity at the spatial level. The axial component of this vector, inherent only in the insulation layer, characterizes the main (useful, working) power flow, and the radial component, inherent in all layers, is the power take–off flow for thermal (Joule) losses in current-carrying conductors (core and shell). The educational and research analysis of energy flows in such guiding systems as cable and overhead lines, busbars, waveguides, etc., especially in terms of losses at the integral and spatially distributed level, seems to be an urgent task of the electric power industry and electrical engineering. In this paper, such an analysis is presented using the example of a coaxial cable. The proposed scenario is planned to be applied in practical classes and in the independent work of students of the electric power field of training in the theoretical foundations of electrical engineering (end of the section "magnetostatics").
Factors affecting the 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural content in the gas-phase of tobacco smoke of commercial cigarette brands
Authors:   Tobacco and Tobacco Products Institute, Agricultural Academy, Markovo 4108, Bulgaria, Docheva M. H. , Kirkova D. M. ,   Tobacco and Tobacco Products Institute, Agricultural Academy, Markovo 4108, Bulgaria, Stoyanova L. S. ,   Tobacco and Tobacco Products Institute, Agricultural Academy, Markovo 4108, Bulgaria
Published: August 2024

Carbonyl compounds are some of the most harmful substances in tobacco smoke. They have mutagenic and carcinogenic properties and because of that, carbonyls are part of the controlled compounds in tobacco smoke in some countries. They cause burning and irritation of the upper respiratory tract of people during the smoking process. Acetaldehyde, acetone, acrolein, formaldehyde and 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (5-HMF) are present in the largest quantities in tobacco smoke. 5-HMF is a product of the Maillard reaction and is found in many foods. In tobacco smoke, 5-HMF, together with the other carbonyl compounds, is formed by thermal combustion of the soluble sugars and the polysaccharides contained in the tobacco blends. 5-HMF has proven toxic and mutagenic properties. In this study, the factors affecting the 5-HMF content in the gas phase of tobacco smoke of different types of commercial cigarette brands are established. Three factors influencing the content of 5-HMF are investigated - type of blend, filter ventilation and type of filter. Higher content of 5-HMF is produced by Virginia blend cigarettes (63.0±5.1 µg/cig) compared to American blend cigarettes (28.0±2.2 µg/cig and 48.0±3.8 µg/cig).The cigarette brands with 30 - 40 % filter ventilation reduced the content of 5-HMF in tobacco smoke between 43 % and 58 % compared to the non ventilation filters. The content of 5- HMF is not significantly affected by the type of cigarette filter.
Fatty acid composition in kefir from milk of Bulgarian white dairy goat breed and its crossings
Authors:   Agricultural Academy of Sofia, Research Institute of Mountain Stockbreeding and Agriculture,281 Vasil Levski Str., 5600, Troyan, Bulgaria, Dimitrova Ts. М. , Ivanova S. A. ,   Agricultural Academy-Sofia, Institute of Cryobiology and Food Technology, 53 Cherni vrah Blvd., 1407, Sofia, Bulgaria, Stoycheva S. Т. ,   Agricultural Academy of Sofia, Research Institute of Mountain Stockbreeding and Agriculture,281 Vasil Levski Str., 5600, Troyan, Bulgaria
Published: August 2024

An analysis was conducted on the fatty acid composition of kefir at the 24th hour of production, obtained from goat’s milk of Bulgarian White Dairy (BWD) breed and its crossings with Anglo-Nubian (AN) and Toggenburg (TG) goats during the lactation period. Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) were found to decrease in the milk in all three kefir batches with 1.93 g/ 100 g fat for BWD, with 1.84 g/ 100 g fat for BWDxTG and with 0.98 g/ 100 g fat for BWDxAN, whereas the monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) predominated in BWD batches. The essential fatty acids, such as omega-3 and omega-6, had low values in the studied samples. The values of the lipid indices indicate a well-balanced fatty acid composition of goat's milk and the products derived from it. The atherogenic index in all three batches of kefir (2.20; 2.25; 2.47) was lower compared to the raw material (2.48; 2.54; 2.68), which defined them as healthier in terms of lipid content. The data on saturated fatty acids in the studied kefir batches at the 24th hour of production varied from 3.40 g/ 100 g product for BWD to 3.83 g/ 100 g product for BWDxTG, whence they refer to products with a high content of saturated fatty acids and low content of trans fatty acids (0.9 g/ 100 g product), according to Regulation (EC) No. 1924/2006.
Kazak polisiye edebiyatının yolunu açan yazar - Kemel Tokayev
Authors: Şerifova Salide
Published: August 2024

Kazak edebiyatında polisiye edebiyatın kurucusu sayılan Kemel Tokayev'in sanatsal yaratısı, dönemin ideolojik ve estetik görüşlerini ifade eden Sovyet dönemi edebiyatına aittir. Kemel Tokayev de Sovyet dönemi edebiyatının temsilcileri gibi eserlerinde dönemin ideolojisi açısından bu dönemin gerçeklerini görünür hale getirmiştir. Bununla birlikte Kemel Tokayev'in sanatsal örneklerine yansıyan temalar, oluşturulan görseller, eserlerin tür sorunlarının ortaya konulması vb. fikir-içerik ve biçim-ifade açısından modern edebiyat araştırmalarında önem kazanmaya başlamıştır.
Toplumcu gerçekçilik yaratıcı yöntemin hakim olduğu bir edebiyatta yazan ve yaratan Kemel Tokayev, sanatsal çalışmalarında çağının gerçeklerini görselleştirmeyi başarıyor. Yeni yüzyılın sanatsal gerekliliklerini de yerine getiren yazarın kitaplarının SSCB ölçeğinde büyük bir tirajla basıldığını da belirtelim. Araştırmacıların ve eleştirmenlerin yazar Kemel Tokayev'in sanatsal yaratıcılığına yönelik tutumunun belirsiz olduğu vurgulanmalıdır. Yazarın oğlu Kasım-Jomart Tokayev, hem yazar olarak yaratıcılığı hem de yazara karşı yapay propaganda yapma faktörü nedeniyle babasının sıklıkla haksızlıklarla karşılaştığını vurguladı.
Kemel Tokayev'in yazdığı sanat eserlerinin tür çeşitliliği dikkat çekmektedir. Yazarın düzyazı yazarı, oyun yazarı ve yayıncı olarak çalışması, eserlerinin tür çeşitliliğini ve çeşitliliğini etkileyer. Yazarın dedektife başvurması, Kazak edebiyatında dedektifin yaratıcısı olarak Kemel Tokayev'in sunulmasına zemin hazırlamaktadır. Dolayısıyla yazarın kaleme aldığı polisiye, kitle edebiyatının popüler bir olguya dönüştürülmesiyle değil, topluma aktarmak istediği sorunun, daha doğrusu içinde bulunulan gerçek ve koşulların sunumuyla ilgilidir. esrarengiz olaylar yaşandı.
Kemel Tokayeviç Tokayev, Kazak edebiyatında polisiye edebiyatın önünü açan bir yazardır. Adib, 20. yüzyılın çelişkili gerçeklerini yansıtan ve toplumdaki güncel sorunlara modernite zemininde çözüm arayan bir yazar, yayıncı ve gazeteci olarak ün kazandı. Büyük Vatanseverlik Savaşı gazisi Kemel Tokayev'in yazdığı eserlerde geleneklerin korunması ve ulusal mirasa gösterilen özen açıkça görülmektedir.
Thenmala Ecotourism: An Analysis
Authors: Anila K
Published: August 2024

In 1983Hector Ceballos- Lascurain coined the term ‘ecotourism’ to describe a new form of tourism. The term ecotourism can be defined as “environmentally responsible travel and visitation to relatively undisturbed natural areas, in order to enjoy and appreciate nature, that promotes conservation has low negative visitor impact and provides for beneficially active socio-economic involvement of local populations”. It is a component of nature tourism as well as a part of sustainable tourism. In this article an attempt is made to trace out the features of ecotourism project in Thenmala (Kollam District).
To Study on Optimizing Resource Use and Reducing Waste by Using a Pioneering Analytical Method
Authors: Lakshmi J , Abisha Shanthini V
Published: August 2024

This study explores innovative analytical methods to optimize resource utilization and minimize waste, addressing the critical environment and economic challenges faced by hotel industries. By blending advanced data analytics and analytical techniques, this study aims to establish a sustainable operational framework for hotels. Through the examination of case studies from a range of food hotels, the study showcases how predictive analytics can help predict demand, streamline inventory management, decrease food wastage.The main objective of the project is to get the full knowledge of the optimizing resource through daily sales tracking, daily purchase and inventory management, daily wastage monitoring in the hotel. By integrating these components, this project seeks to provide actionable insights and findings of solutions for restaurants. This approach was validated and data gathered by online survey from one restaurant and got 119 responds from 120 employee. The data was collected and processed using SPSS tool for analysis like (ANOVA, Chi-Square, Regression Analysis, Correlation Analysis) and Power bi for creating dashboard that provide value for restaurants. By this analysis it empowers restaurant managers with real-time data and insights, quick decision-making about resource management that will helps to reduce waste and optimize resource use to enhances operational efficiency, reduces costs, and improves overall profitability.
Study Theological Approach on Abortion Actions based on Psalm 139:13 and the Responsibility of Today’s Church Leaders
Authors: Darius Trisnawadi
Published: August 2024

The church is a community united by the Lord Jesus Christ, empowered to be witnesses, agents, and examples. However, reality shows that the church often tends to be closed off and does not consistently practice God's love and justice, whether towards its congregation, among church organizations, or towards the surrounding environment, particularly concerning the issue of abortion among teenagers and young people. This study aims to analyse abortion in light of Psalm 139:13 and outline contemporary church leaders' responsibilities. The methodology employed is qualitative, using a literature-based approach (library research) grounded in hermeneutical study. Hermeneutics universally refers to the theoretical and methodological process of understanding the meanings of signs and symbols used in verbal or non-verbal communication. The approach used is the grammatical-historical study approach. The results of this research indicate that abortion of unwanted foetuses is inconsistent with biblical teachings; therefore, contemporary church leaders have a responsibility to nurture the morality of youth to help them avoid engaging in premarital sex, which could lead to abortion.
Exploring Organisations’ Awareness of the Costs Associated with Millennial Employee Turnover.
Authors:   ,   Cork Institute of Technology, Cronin Ray
Published: August 2024

There has been much commentary in recent years regarding younger people, particularly Millennials, and that discussion has focused on whether they change employment more than previous generations. Additionally there has been debate regarding whether the Millennial generation show less loyalty to employers today. Loyalty, for the purposes of this study, is considered not m terms of dedication, commitment or dependability, but rather in terms of medium to long term allegiance, tenure and faithfulness to the existing employer. The counter argument to this theory is that tenure has more to do with life stage and nothing to do with being Millennial per se. The findings of this study support the latter. The cost of employee turnover can be high, especially when recruitment, induction, training, lost productivity and the impact on culture are all taken into account. This study investigates whether employers are aware of this cost, and indeed, whether any loyalty challenge exists among the Millennial demographic. This thesis also analyses what employers are doing to attract and retain Millennials today, and what impact this is having on retention. Seven organisations, from a diverse range of industries, were selected to participate in this study. This represented a sample of approximately 7,000 employees in the Cork area. A semi- structured interview, aimed at senior HR professionals employed by these organisations, was deemed the most effective method to gather primary research. The interviews focused on employee turnover, awareness of costs, and attraction and retention strategies aimed mainly at Millennials. The most salient finding of this study is that respondents, largely, do not have an awareness of the costs associated with employee turnover, or the cost of the strategies deployed to address it. Whether HR strategy, therefore, is represented as part of the overall corporate strategy is brought into question. Millennials will soon become the largest employment demographic in Ireland. The experience of most of the respondents is that there are not all that many differences, in terms of both employee turnover and expectations, between Millennials and previous generations. There are, however, some nuances in terms of what this generation are looking for from today’s employers in comparison to previous generations.
A Conference Centre : The Case For Cork.
Authors:   ,   Cork Institute of Technology, Chambers Eddie
Published: August 2024

"This current research study is an examination of the impact on business in Cork City that the building of a Conference Ireland will have. It examines the current Conference Centre facilities available in Ireland and the imperative need for such a facility to be built in Cork to ensure that business in the City grows. This research study presents the ideas, estimations and beliefs of respected individuals that have a vested interest in the building of a Conference Centre in Cork City. There are a number of challenges facing the Docklands region, the proposed site of a Conference Centre with a capacity in excess of 5,000 people. Challenges include infrastructure concerns and economic concerns. This study also highlights the significant employment boost that the building of such a facility will bring to Cork City, adding value to the economy and encouraging substantial business tourism into the South-West region of the country. A significant finding of this study is that, if Cork does not build a large multi-purpose Conference Centre, the City will not be able to attract large concerts and conferences to the region. If the facility is built, it will have a positive impact on business tourists and visitor numbers in general visiting the city resulting in the local economy benefiting financially. Another prominent discovery of this research is that the proposed development of the Eastern Gateway Bridge, that will provide direct access from the Northern and Eastern parts of the City, is critical to the future development of the Conference Centre in Cork’s Docklands region. This body of research identifies the difficulties facing Cork City were a Conference Centre not to be built, while identifying the importance of it being built. This study identifies other locations in Ireland that have benefited from the facility of a Conference Centre being available, the number of visitors that it brings to a region and the financial contribution that attendees of conferences and concerts contribute to a region."
Feasibility Of Utilising Construction And Demolition Waste And Dredge Material As Landflll Liner
Authors:   ,   Cork Institute of Technology, Riordan John
Published: August 2024

"Construction and demolition (C&D) waste and dredge material are significant bulk waste streams in the Republic of Ireland. This thesis examines the feasibility of combining these waste streams to produce a viable novel geotechnical clay liner for landfill. This thesis includes a literature review and a detailed study of C&D waste, dredge material and landfill liners in Ireland. The research for this thesis includes a geotechnical laboratory test programme. Samples of C&D waste and dredge material were collected and tested to establish relevant characteristics. In addition, a senes of tests were commissioned on test samples to establish their chemical and organic properties. A methodology was developed to model a composite sample on a typical natural liner material. The composite material was tested to evaluate the possibility of producing a matenal suitable for use as a geotechnical clay liner. Landfill was the only option available for the two million tonnes of Municipal Waste disposed of in Ireland in 2006. A demonstration C&D waste recycling project showed that there was an excess of fine material, indicating that up to 8 million tonnes of fine material is generated annually. The Republic of Ireland currently generates on average approximately 1.2 million wet tonnes of silt and clay in dredge material annually. This material has primarily been disposed offshore. The technical, economic and environmental feasibility of producing a geotechnical clay liner from C&D waste and dredge material is examined. The analysis examines the extraction and the transportation of the source materials and the processing and placing the composite material. The technical analysis identifies regions in Ireland generating sufficient volumes of C&D waste and dredge material to satisfy annual landfill lining material requirements. The economic analysis examines the cost of each stage of a potential application of the composite material and compares that with the cost associated with traditional lining materials. The thesis demonstrates that while it is technically feasible to produce a geotechnical clay liner from the composite material it does not appear to be economically feasible to do so."
The Role Of The Public Health Nurse In Rural Areas Of Kerry And Cork
Authors:   ,   Institute of Technology Tralee, Healy Hannah
Published: August 2024

Aim of Research: To understand and gain insight into the role of the Public Health nurse in rural communities in Kerry and Cork. Background: Public health nursing is the single largest group in community care, current figure employed by the HSE stands at 1,438. Demographic, changes such as the increase in population coupled with the shift in care from the acute sector to primary care has provided many challenges to the PHN service . Objective: Whilst there have been substantial reviews on the role and workload of the PHN in Ireland, there is limited qualitative research available on what the role of the PHN entails, particularly in a rural setting. Consequently, the primary objective of this study was to understand the working lives of rurally based PHNs. Methodology: This study is based on an ethnographic approach using an interpretive paradigm to understand the practice of PHNs in rural areas of Kerry and Cork. A qualitative research design was utilised due to the holistic and humanistic nature of this research, using a combination of solicited diaries and semi-structured interviews referred to as the diary/interview method. Key Findings and Conclusions: The complex role of the PHN has three facets one of a coordinator, clinician and educator. Challenges to the role of the PHN include the unpredictability of their workload, the environment, staff resource issues, and to the point that the PHN service was ‘“we’re it” the only service available. Operating in a rural area also brought its own trials such as time spent on travelling, transport issues, working in isolation and the paucity of services available. Communication was another important theme, which identified the absence of ICT as an obstacle that hinders progress in the PHN service.
Readiness For Assisted Decision-making: An Exploratory Qualitative Study
Authors:   ,   Institute of Technology Tralee, Cronin Kay
Published: August 2024

Background: Ireland has recently enacted the Assisted Decision-Making (Capacity) Act 2015. The enactment of the legislation has allowed Ireland to ratify the United Nations Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities (2008). The convention obliges all member states to assist people with disabilities to make their own decisions, with their will and preference taking precedence over what others deem to be in their best interests. Implementation of this legislation requires a change in working practice among health and social care providers to promote autonomy and decision-making among service users. To date, this topic has not been researched in Ireland. Aim: To explore the readiness of health and social care providers to implement the Assisted Decision-Making (Capacity) Act 2015 for adults with intellectual disability, with the objective of ascertaining the state of readiness and identifying facilitators and barriers to implementation. Method: An exploratory, qualitative study viewed through a focused ethnographic lens and with an appreciative approach to inquiry was employed. A total of four focus groups were conducted with a purposeful sample of 32 frontline and management staff working in a service provider for adults with intellectual disability. Data was analysed using Ritchie and Spencer’s (1994) framework method. The study was guided by Blackman, O Flynn and Uygel’s (2013) multi-level readiness model as the conceptual framework. Findings: Four themes were identified. Evidence of readiness. Enablers to assisted decision making. Barriers to assisted decision making, and ‘Finding balance and taking a chance’. Overall a moderate level of readiness was identified in the organisation. Facilitators and barriers were identified at individual and organisational level. Facilitators included ‘Effective communicating’, ‘You have to care’ and ‘Senior leader support’. Families and hospital healthcare colleagues were identified as barriers and require significant training on the Assisted Decision-Making (Capacity) Act 2015 to reduce the barriers at both levels. The underlying culture was found to be a facilitator and a barrier. Conclusions: A paradigm shift has occurred regarding the promotion of personal autonomy and decision-making by this service provider. The study identifies a series of facilitators and barriers to implementation of the 2015 Act within a service for adults with intellectual disability. The findings will contribute to the understanding and implications of the complexities of implementing the Assisted Decision Making (Capacity) Act 2015 in Ireland to ensure basic human rights are realised.
Container Management And Monitoring Using Sensor Networks
Authors:   ,   Cork Institute of Technology, Rogóz Daniel
Published: August 2024

"The purpose of this project was to develop a functional prototype of a container management and monitoring system, which allows identification and tracking of shipping containers in a port terminal from the moment they enter a port to when they depart for their final destination. Such system can significantly reduce the labor and time costs associated with organizational mistakes that can occur when containers are being on/off-loaded, moved and stacked in tiers for transfer to the rail or road network. It can be used to streamline the container transport, optimize the order of container on/off-loading and placement, as well as assist in locating any misplaced containers. The developed prototype system uses Wireless Sensor Network (WSX) modules as intelligent container tags. The container tags form an ad-hoc, multihop, selfconfiguring and healing wireless network once deployed in a container yard. This facilitates a remote access to each individual container tag from any place in the yard. User access is enabled through a Graphical User Interface (GUI) running on a handheld mobile device (Personal Digital Assistant). A user can access (read or update) the detailed container information (stored locally on the container tag) from a remote location, and if necessary, physically locate the container. Container Tags have been programmed using a state-of-the-art WSN operating system — Tiny OS, and the PDA GUI has been developed on the .NET Compact Framework. This system can either substitute or complement other currently used container management systems, such as Machine Vision or Radio Frequency Identification systems. Also, when considered a generic tracking/management platform, it can be used for broad range of applications, from asset tracking (supply chain management, parcel/distribution services, cold storage/palletized goods) through people tracking (for healthcare applications, personal security, workflow optimization) to event tracking (security breach detection, early disaster detection — flood, fire etc.)."