bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-resolution seismic transects of the upper continental slope off southeastern Canada
Authors: Piper D J W , Brunt R A
Published: March 2017

Hard unstratified sediment underlies the upper continental slope off Nova Scotia and Newfoundland and terminates seaward in "till tongues" imaged in high-resolution seismic-reflection profiles. Sparse piston cores confirm that these units consist of sandy
diamict. Shear strength measurements indicate that the diamict is overconsolidated. Most piston cores fail to penetrate this lithology and the abundance of iceberg scour pits, rather than linear furrows, confirn1s the strength of this sediment. Some diamict deposits are less highly consolidated and
may be melt-out tills from the buoyancy line.
Tills that reach beyond the shelf pass into downslope thinning wedge shaped bodies (till tongues) on the upper slope that interfinger with proglacial muddy sediment deposited from pro glacial sediment plumes. The temlination of the till tongue also passes laterally into stratified proglacial
sediment, commonly with more abundant thin sands and local erosional channels. In many cases, shallow failure on the slope has retrogressed to the limit of till, thereby obscuring this transition. The limit of the till tongue is interpreted as corresponding approximately to the ice-sheet buoyancy
line. Evidence for deposition of "flow tills" or glacigenic debris-flows downslope from the buoyancy line is limited to a few local areas - off Trinity Trough, off Laurentian Channel, and on the central Scotian Slope. We infer that most mass flows accelerated downslope and evolved into turbidity
currents.
The morphology of upper slope till varies considerably along the southeastern Canadian margin. The till limit is at maximum water depths of 250 to 700 m below present sea level, with deeper limits found seaward of ice streams. The geometry of stacked till tongues is a consequence of the volume of
glacial supply and the rate of subsidence of different parts of the margin, with strongly aggradational sequences in areas of subsidence due to active salt tectonics and strongly progradational sequences in stable areas with major glacial supply. The most recent till tongue stacks appear to be
retrogressive up-slope. Chronology of stacked till tongue successions were interpreted by interpolation between regional seismic stratigraphic markers and comparison with dated sediment flux to distal offshore settings. On the Scotian Slope, the most recent till-tongue dates from between 18.5 and
20.3 ka; off Laurentian Channel there was a maximal ice advance at about 16.5 ka; whereas off the eastern and northern Grand Banks the maximum ice advance was at about 25 ka. Stacked till tongue successions appear to date back to MIS 12 at 0.45 Ma.
Introduction
Authors: Hannigan P K
Published: March 2017

This volume reports on a Targeted Geoscience Initiative project investigating the potential for Mississippi Valley-type mineralization in northern Alberta and the Great Slave Plain of southern Northwest Territories.
The primary project objective was to delineate and describe the origin, distribution, and potential for carbonate-hosted lead-zinc deposits in the region and develop an understanding of the relationships of fluid flow and ore deposition to a regional framework of stratigraphy, structure, and
diagenesis.
Papers in this volume report on regional and local structural characteristics and control on ore mineralization, investigate dolomite-type distribution, microthermometry and isotope and geochemical properties of dolostone, discuss isotopic variations in mineralized samples throughout the area, and
examine the thermal history and hydrodynamics of the area. Good potential exists for Mississippi Valley-type mineralization in the Targeted Geoscience Initiative project area.
Subsurface structures in southern Northwest Territories and northern Alberta: implications for mineral and petroleum potential
Authors: Morrow D W , MacLean B C , Miles W F , Tzeng P , Pana D
Published: March 2017

Subsurface mapping indicates that the region northwest of the Great Slave Shear Zone contains an array of previously identified northeast-trending faults and fault zones that cross abrupt inflections of contours on structure and isopach maps. The Tathlina Fault
Zone, the Rabbit Lake Fault Zone, and the Cameron Hills Structure (formerly "Hay River Fault Zone") are all large, northeast-trending fault arrays
that lie northwest of the shear zone. Southeast of the shear zone, contours on subsurface structure maps display fewer pronounced inflections, and inferred faults are fewer in number except in the Peace River Arch area. A new feature defined in this study, the Enterprise Structure, extends northeast
near and subparallel to Hay River.
Aeromagnetic and seismic data demonstrate the presence of subvertical faults, and a large, well-defined magnetic "low" extends about 70 km northwest from the Great Slave Shear Zone at the west end of Buffalo Lake.
New thermal evidence related to carbonate-hosted metal ores in the Northwest Territories
Authors: Majorowicz J A , Hannigan P K
Published: March 2017

A modern geothermal gradient map of an area in northwestern Alberta, northeastern British Columbia and southern Northwest Territories was constructed using temperature records obtained from geophysical borehole logs, all corrected for drilling disturbance. The
map illustrates the thermal regime present in theMackenzie shale basin to the north of the Presqu'ile Barrier Complex, and within the Barrier
itself. It also covers the evaporitic Elk Point Basin behind the Barrier as well as the regime associated with the carbonate shelves situated in northern Alberta between the Barrier and the northern extent of the fringing reef rimming the Peace River Arch. The geothermal gradient varies from 20 to
80 mK/m (°C/km). A significant regional trend indicating a general northward increase of geothermal gradient is observed in the map area. The northward increase in heat flow likely signifies a transition between high-strength crust in the south to lower strength crust in the
north.
Geochronology
Authors: Wodicka N , Whalen J B , Jackson G D , Hegner E
Published: March 2017

This compilation represents published geochronological information on rocks from Trans-Hudson Orogen and adjacent Archean Rae craton in Baffin Island, Nunavut. For each dated rock sample, a record containing basic information on geological setting, rock
description, sample location, analytical method, age, interpretation, and literature citation is given. The analytical methods included in the compilation are U/Pb, Pb/Pb, K/Ar, 40Ar/39Ar, and Rb/Sr. Accompanying Nd-Sm compilations are available separately on this DVD. The full geochronological
compilation also forms part of the Canadian Geochronology Knowledgebase.
The majority of published data had locations reported by latitude and longitude or by Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinates. When no sample location information was given in the original text, coordinates were estimated from available location and geological maps or from aerial
photographs. It should also be noted that sample locations given in this DVD are more accurate than those shown on GSC Open File 4931 (St-Onge et al. 2006; GSC Open File 4931).
Geochronology
Authors: Wodicka N , Breitsprecher K , Whalen J B
Published: March 2017

This compilation represents published geochronological information on rocks from Trans-Hudson Orogen in Ungava Peninsula, northern Quebec. For each dated rock sample, a record containing basic information on geological setting, rock description, sample location,
analytical method, age, interpretation, and literature citation is given. The analytical methods included in the compilation are U/Pb, K/Ar, Rb/Sr, and Pb/Pb. An accompanying Nd-Sm compilation is available separately on this DVD. The full geochronological compilation also forms part of the Canadian
Geochronology Knowledgebase.
Geochemistry of volcanic suites
Authors: Skulski T , Baragar W R A , Bédard J , Ernst R
E , Francis D , Hynes A , Modeland S , Picard C , Scott D J , Stewart A J , Viljoen D
Published: March 2017

A compilation of 2299 lithogeochemical data of volcanic and related intrusive rocks from the Paleoproterozoic Cape Smith belt was prepared using data from government and university sources. The data are presented as Microsoft Excel 2000 format spreadsheets and
shape files. Included are: original sample numbers, source of data keyed to this text, UTM coordinates, projection, lithological unit (from St-Onge et al. 2006; GSC OF4930), standardized rock type, field name, comments, major elements (in weight percent), volatile constituents and loss on ignition,
and minor and trace elements (in parts per million).
Unconformity-associated uranium deposits of the Athabasca Basin, Saskatchewan and Alberta
Authors: Jefferson C W , Thomas D J , Gandhi S S , Ramaekers P , Delaney G , Brisbin D , Cutts C , Portella P , Olson R A
Published: March 2017

This paper reviews the geology, geophysics, and origin of the unconformity-associated uranium deposit type, focused on the Athabasca Basin. Pods, veins, and semimassive replacements of uraninite (variety pitchblende) are located close to unconformities between
late Paleo- to Mesoproterozoic conglomeratic sandstone basins and metamorphosed basement rocks. The thin, overall flat-lying, and apparently unmetamorphosed, but pervasively altered, mainly fluvial strata include red to pale tan quartzose conglomerate, sandstone, and mudstone. Beneath the basal
unconformity, red hematitic and bleached clay-altered regolith grades down through chloritic altered to fresh basement gneiss. The highly metamorphosed interleaved Archean to Paleoproterozoic granitoid and supracrustal basement gneiss includes graphitic metapelitic that preferentially hosts
reactivated shear zones and many deposits. A broad variety of deposit shapes, sizes, and compositions ranges from monometallic and generally basement-hosted veins to polymetallic lenses located just above or straddling the unconformity, with variable Ni, Co, As, and Pb and traces of Au, Pt, Cu,
REEs, and Fe.
Basement rocks to the Athabasca Basin, Saskatchewan and Alberta
Authors: Card C D , Panã D , Portella P , Thomas D J , Annesley I
R
Published: March 2017

The basement to the Athabasca Basin comprises rocks of the Rae and Hearne provinces and the Taltson magmatic zone. The Rae Province is characterized by mainly metasedimentary supracrustal sequences, including the Murmac Bay Group, and Archean and Proterozoic
granitoid rocks. The Hearne Province contains Archean granitoid gneiss with interleaved supracrustal belts including the Archean Ennadai Group, the Paleoproterozoic Hurwitz Group, and other rocks of unknown age. The eastern Hearne Province is dominated by Wollaston Supergroup metasedimentary rocks.
The Taltson magmatic zone contains a basement complex that was intruded by ca. 1.99 - 1.96 Ga continental magmatic arc granitoid rocks and 1.95 - 1.92 Ga peraluminous granitoid rocks.

Numerous structural features affected the Athabasca Group and its basement rocks. Their histories were generally protracted and included multiple displacements under ductile and brittle conditions. Mackenzie diabase dykes cut the Athabasca Group, providing its minimum age. The Carswell Structure is
thought to be the result of an Ordovician meteorite impact.
The Wollaston Supergroup, stratigraphy and metallogeny of a Paleoproterozoic Wilson cycle in the Trans-Hudson Orogen, Saskatchewan
Authors: Yeo G M , Delaney G
Published: March 2017

The Wollaston Supergroup (revised) overlies Archean gneiss along the eastern margin of the Hearne Province. Four unconformity-bounded Paleoproterozoic siliciclastic metasedimentary sequences include minor carbonate and volcanic rocks. The ca. 2075 Ma volcanic
rocks and detrital zircon grains greater than 2.37 Ga restricted to the east are interpreted as rift and passive-margin deposits, respectively. Coarsening- and fining-upward foreland basin successions (detrital zircons >1.88 Ga) underlie all of the Wollaston Domain. During the 1.86 -
1.78 Ga Trans-Hudson Orogeny, four episodes of ductile deformation generated upper-amphibolite- to granulite-facies metamorphism, except for an easternmost greenschist- to lower-amphibolite zone. Zinc-lead prospects are mainly in the middle two groups, especially at George Lake. 'Redbed'-type copper
occurrences e.g. Janice Lake prospect, are mainly in the youngest group. Widespread late Trans-Hudson Orogen pegmatite and granitoid intrusions contain minor uranium. Many unconformity-associated uranium deposits of the Athabasca Basin are associated with the basal graphitic metapelite unit of the
foreland basin succession.
Basement geology in the Alberta portion of the Athabasca Basin: context for the Maybelle River area
Authors: Pana D , Creaser R A , Muehlenbachs K , Wheatley K
Published: March 2017

Basement to the Athabasca Basin in northeastern Alberta comprises Early Proterozoic (ca. 1.97 Ga) plutons of the Taltson magmatic zone and remnants of its infrastructure, inferred Archean rocks of the Rae terrane. The northwest-trending Maybelle River high-strain
zone affects these granitoid rocks over widths of several metres to tens of metres for at least 100 km. Four end-member types of granitoid rocks
range in texture from massive igneous, through ductile to brittle-ductile mylonite. In the Maybelle River area these have a 'continental arc' geochemical affinity. The U-Pb, Sm-Nd, and oxygen-isotope data suggest that partial melting of the local crust is the most likely magma source. Geochemical,
isotopic, and structural data are consistent with the development of the Taltson magmatic zone within an intraplate orogen in a thermally weakened region of the Archean Rae crust, triggered by Early Proterozoic mantle downwelling.
Revised geological map and stratigraphy of the Athabasca Group, Saskatchewan and Alberta
Authors: Ramaekers P , Jefferson C W , Yeo G M , Collier B , Long D G F , Drever G , McHardy S , Jiricka D , Cutts C , Wheatley K , Catuneanu O , Bernier S , Kupsch B , Post R
Published: March 2017

Four unconformity-bounded quartzose fluvial sequences filled the Athabasca Basin between about 1760 Ma and 1500 Ma, each with distinct subbasin architecture, grain-size distribution, and paleocurrent directions. Maximum thickness of the Athabasca Group at any one
place is about 1500 m, although much has been eroded and the aggregate stratotype thickness is 3800 m. Sequence 1 is Fair Point Formation (conglomeratic Lobstick and pebbly quartz arenite Beartooth members). Sequence 2 begins with conglomeratic Read Formation in the east and sandy Smart Formation in
the west, overlain by Manitou Falls Formation (conglomeratic Bird, sandy Collins, and clay-intraclast-rich Dunlop members in the east and centre; sandy Warnes Member to the southeast and pebbly sandy Raibl Member to the northeast). Sequence 3 includes the Lazenby Lake Formation (conglomeratic Hodge,
sandy-muddy Clampitt, pebbly Shiels, and sandy Larter members), and the Wolverine Point Formation (mudstone-rich Brule and sandy Claussen members). Sequence 4 comprises
Locker Lake Formation (pebbly Snare, conglomeratic Brudell, and pebbly Marsin members), Otherside Formation (pebbly Archibald and sandy Birkbeck members), Douglas Formation quartz arenite and carbonaceous mudstone, and Carswell Formation stromatolite and oolite with minor basal siliciclastic
interbeds.
Age, provenance, and regional correlation of the Athabasca Group, Saskatchewan and Alberta, constrained by igneous and detrital zircon geochronology
Authors: Rainbird R H , Stern R A , Rayner N , Jefferson C W
Published: March 2017

Detrital zircons in five sandstone samples from the Athabasca Group were dated (U-Pb) in the GSC SHRIMP II laboratory. These data, when integrated into the well established depositional framework for the Athabasca Group, provide important insights into the
provenance of the succession. The Fair Point Formation yielded a substantial population of 2.61 - 2.52 Ga zircons and a second group that formed ca. 1.9 Ga, suggesting provenance from the western Rae Province, Sask Craton, and Trans-Hudson Orogen. Two samples fromtheManitou Falls Formation, Bird and
Dunlop members, yielded bimodal age groups at ca. 2.58 Ga and ca. 1.85 - 1.83 Ga, suggesting provenance from the Hearne Province and Trans-Hudson Orogen, respectively. Wolverine Point Formation (Brule Member) zircons have similar provenance, but seven zircons ca. 1.77 - 1.65 Ga are enigmatic,
possibly derived via long-distance fluvial transport from the Yavapai and Mazatzal orogens, over 1000 km south of Athabasca Basin. Detrital zircon ages for the Douglas Formation emulate those of the Wolverine Point Formation, supporting common provenance and reworking of underlying units, despite
lacking ca. 1.77 - 1.65 Ga zircons. Zircons in intraclasts, interpreted to be locally reworked tuff layers from the Wolverine Point Formation (Brule Member), are herein dated at 1644 ± 13 Ma (U-Pb).
Quaternary geology of the eastern Athabasca Basin, Saskatchewan
Authors: Campbell J E
Published: March 2017

This paper reviews the regional Quaternary geology in the Athabasca Basin region, east of the Snowbird tectonic zone. Although multiple ice-flow directions have been documented, the present-day landscape and extensive drift cover are primary products of the last
major glacial event. Till, the dominant surface material, forms variable thicknesses of mainly ground moraine and streamlined moraine. Multiple
till units are related to ice-flow directions. Variable till compositions reflect differing proportions of crystalline rock versus Athabasca Basin sandstone detritus incorporated into the till. Compositional variability is also related to stratigraphic unit, landform type, and drift thickness. Other
surficial deposits include glaciofluvial and glaciolacustrine sediments, block fields, and eolian and organic deposits. Deglaciation of the eastern Athabasca Basin began in the southwest around 9000 - 8700 BP (14C years). This area was completely ice-free by about 8200 BP. The complexity of the
glacial history has numerous implications for drift prospecting for uranium.
Geological and structural features of the Sue C uranium deposit, McClean Lake area, Saskatchewan
Authors: Tourigny G , Quirt D H , Wilson N S F , Wilson S , Breton G , Portella P
Published: March 2017

The Sue C uranium deposit is structurally controlled, basement-hosted uraninite associated with the unconformity between the late Paleoproterozoic Athabasca Group and older basement gneiss of the Wollaston Supergroup and Archean granite. Before the unconformity
developed, pervasive schistosity axial planar to associated folds, steeply plunging extension lineations, and major reverse faults recorded subhorizontal Hudsonian compression and subvertical elongation. Mesoproterozoic reactivation of the graphitic fault zone after deposition of the Athabasca
Group, caused broadly similar, but brittle kinematic events in basement rocks of highly contrasting rheology. Uraninite and minor uranophane±carn-ot ite±coffinite±galena±gold form massive nodules, shear and extension veins, and irregular replacement and dissemination zones within
a variably white and red, clay-rich envelope. Sites of structural heterogeneity along overriding nonplanar surfaces inherited from Hudsonian deformation created dilatant jogs that fostered Mesoproterozoic fluid circulation and ore entrapment. The geochemical signature of the deposit is U with
V+B+Pb+Mo+Be±Ni-As.
Origin of organic matter in the Proterozoic Athabasca Basin of Saskatchewan and Alberta, and significance to unconformity uranium deposits
Authors: Wilson N S F , Stasiuk L D , Fowler M G
Published: March 2017

Pyrobitumen associated with uranium ores of Athabasca Basin unconformity-type deposits has been proposed to form during mineralization by hydrothermal alteration of basement graphite.

Textural studies indicate that basement graphite was physically altered by mineralizing fluids, but was not involved in pyrobitumen formation. As pyrobitumen (and its parent petroleum) includes and crosscuts ore, it postdated mineralization and had no role in the initiation and localization of
unconformity uranium deposits. Petrographic and geochemical data indicate that the Mesoproterozoic Douglas Formation black shale generated petroleum in the past and sourced the pyrobitumen associated with the deposits. The older
episode of petroleum generation and migration was overprinted by crude oils related to Athabasca tar sands (during Late Cretaceous to early Tertiary) that descended into the Athabasca Group and basement rocks, and subsequently degraded to solid to tarry bitumens in a manner analogous to the proposed
earlier migration of petroleum from the Douglas Formation.
Seismic methods for uranium exploration: an overview of EXTECH IV seismic studies at the McArthur River mining camp, Athabasca Basin, Saskatchewan
Authors: White D J , Hajnal Z , Roberts B , Györfi I , Reilkoff B , Bellefleur G , Mueller C , Woelz S , Mwenifumbo C J , Takács E , Schmitt D R , Brisbin D , Jefferson C W , Koch R , Powell B , Annesley I R
Published: March 2017

Seismic-reflection data and a vertical seismic profile were acquired in the vicinity of the McArthur River mining camp. These data are interpreted with the aid of in situ geophysical and geological logs and rock-property measurements, which indicate that
reflectivity within the basin-fill strata is controlled largely by porosity variations (Phi = 0 - 11%) that are attributed primarily to zones of silicification
(postdepositional hydrothermal horizons), but also to grain-size lithological variations. The reflection data clearly image the unconformity zone and associated fault offsets including the P2 mineralized fault zone. A prominent shallow- to moderately dipping zone of reflections that extends downward
from the surface location of the P2 fault is interpreted as a major crustal shear zone that partially controlled the locus of high-grade uranium ore deposition. The seismic techniques have demonstrated their utility in defining some of the key geological variations that are relevant to
identification of prospective ores zones.
High-resolution seismic survey from the McArthur River region: contributions to mapping of the complex P2 uranium ore zone, Athabasca Basin, Saskatchewan
Authors: Györfi I , Hajnal Z , White D J , Takács E , Reilkoff B , Annesley I R , Powell B , Koch R
Published: March 2017

The primary objective of the high-resolution survey was to offer a detailed subsurface image of the complex P2 fault zone, hosting the world's largest high-grade uranium deposits. Raw seismic data have low signal-to-noise ratio; nevertheless the implemented
processing procedure considerably improved its quality. Interpretation of the two lines integrates all available background information such as regional geology; structural, stratigraphic, and diagenetic features associated with the borehole information including stratigraphic and petrophysical
properties; and seismic analogies for the basement from other high-grade metamorphic terranes.

The resulting interpretations generally agree with previous geological knowledge, but add new exploration insights, such as: 1) the complex 3-D geometry of the P2 fault zone, 2) the existence of additional dekameter-scale, fault-controlled structures associated with the P2 zone, 3) syntectonic
deposition of the upper parts of the Manitou Falls Formation in this area; and 4) the internal architecture of
the metamorphic basement.
Audio-magnetotelluric studies at the McArthur River mining camp and Shea Creek area, northern Saskatchewan
Authors: Craven J A , McNeice G , Powell B , Koch R , Annesley I R , Wood G , Mwenifumbo C J , Unsworth M J , Xiao W
Published: March 2017

Audio-magnetotelluric (AMT) data collected as part of the EXTECH IV project revealed the subsurface conductivity structure in the Shea Creek exploration area and the McArthur River uranium mining camp, northern Saskatchewan. The inversion of the McArthur River
AMT data detects subsurface features to more than 500 mdepth related to basement graphitic conductors and faulting postdating Athabasca
Group deposition, argillic alteration, fracturing, sulphide mineralization, and silicification of the overlying sandstone. The Shea Creek survey inversion results agree with what is known about the local geological setting in the regional sense; i.e. that the conductive feature corresponds to
shallow westerly dipping sequences of graphite-rich Archean metasedimentary rocks. An analysis of synthetic responses generated from borehole resistivity logs collected in theMcArthurRiver area further substantiates that the audio-magnetotelluric technique is a useful surface investigative technique
for delineating graphitic features in the basement and zones of silicification in the overlying siliciclastic sedimentary rocks.
Geological significance of gravity anomalies in the area of McArthur River uranium deposit, Athabasca Basin, Saskatchewan
Authors: Thomas M D , Wood G
Published: March 2017

A gravity model is presented for a 27.2 km long, high-resolution gravity profile trending north-northwest across the mineralized P2 trend of the McArthur River uranium deposit. The model was derived in combination with magnetic modelling, and constrained by
seismic data and interpretations, drillhole logs, and rock-property data. The crystalline basement is modelled as a series of units of pelitic, psammitic, and granitoid gneiss, separated generally by south-dipping, commonly steep contacts. The model supports an interpretation of the seismically
defined south-dipping P2 fault as a thrust with steep splay faults in the hanging wall. It suggests also steep upthrusting within the Mudjatik Domain, and that the Mudjatik-Wollaston domain boundary is locally near vertical and possibly associated with flower structures.
The McArthur River deposit is associated with a 0.4 mGal amplitude gravity high attributed to silicification accompanying mineralization. Several prospective silicification zones are modelled, most of which are rooted on metasedimentary units.
Comparison of geophysical, mineralogical, and stratigraphic attributes in drillholes MAC-218 and RL-88, McArthur River uranium camp, Athabasca Basin, Saskatchewan
Authors: Mwenifumbo C J , Percival J B , Bernius G R , Elliott B , Jefferson C W , Wasyliuk K , Drever G
Published: March 2017

Multiparameter downhole geophysical measurements in two representative boreholes in the eastern Athabasca Basin are compared to visual, petrographic, mineralogical, and lithogeochemical analyses of their drill cores. Natural gamma-ray spectrometry data exhibit
increased levels of radioactivity in the Read and Manitou Falls formations that relate mainly to natural thorium and, to a lesser extent, uranium abundances, whereas potassium responses are generally low. Thorium responses in these quartz-dominated fluvial deposits are closely correlated with
detrital grain-size parameters such as the per cent of grains greater than 2 mm and are therefore interpreted to relate to primary heavy mineral accumulations and their diagenetic products (crandallite-group minerals) within coarser grained beds. Diagenetic attributes such as porosity and
silicification are positively correlated with density, resistivity, and acoustic velocity. Natural
gamma-ray logs are thus guides to stratigraphy, and other geophysical parameters calibrate ore-related alteration features, thereby facilitating integration of geological and geophysical transects.
Appendix 2: Morphological and compositional analysis of placer gold in the South Nahanni River drainage, Northwest Territories
Authors: Rasmussen K L , Mortensen J K , Falck H
Published: March 2017

Placer gold has been reported in small amounts throughout the South Nahanni river drainage; however, the original source of the gold is uncertain. This study focuses on two types of placer gold in the area: (1) locally abundant grains derived from near Selena
Creek, and (2) scattered grains recovered from streams throughout the South Nahanni drainage area. A shape analysis of all gold grains was completed and representative grains from each sample population were selected for imaging on the scanning electron microscope, along with analysis for
Au-Ag-Cu-Hg values on the electron microprobe. The gold grains are typically >700 fineness and mercury is below detection
levels (<0.20%). Approximately half the grains analysed from the Selena Creek area registered near to, or slightly greater than, detection levels of copper (<0.04%), whereas the majority of grains from the isolated showings had copper contents below detection levels.
The results are compared with published morphological and compositional data for placer and lode gold in other regions.
Geological and geochemical data from the Canadian Arctic Islands. Part III: organic matter reflectance data
Authors: Dewing K , Obermajer M , Goodarzi F
Published: March 2017

A total of 6292 organic-matter reflectance determinations are given for samples from 140 oil and gas wells (or deviated legs) and 1857 measurements from 346 outcrops or mining drill core from the Arctic Islands. Each sample has a reflectance value, the type of
organic matter that was measured, and is assigned to a stratigraphic unit. The data is held at the Geological Survey of Canada, but comes from a wide range of sources including GSC files, David Pearson and Associates, Geo-optics Ltd., TeckCominco Ltd., and Panarctic Oils Ltd reports. A depth vs. Ro
plot is given for each oil and gas well.
A GIS dataset of geological features for the Red Fern Lake area (94 G/5), British Columbia
Authors: Lane L S
Published: March 2017

The geological map and database are derived from regional mapping in the Redfern Lake (NTS 94G/5) 1:50 000 scale map area, as part of the Geological Survey of Canada's Central Foreland NATMAP project. Geological features represented by attributed points, lines,
and polygons have been compiled into a GIS dataset suitable for stand-alone use, or integration with other data sets. User-defined attributes provide traditional geological map information with greater detail and enhancements. Redfern Lake map area encompasses the transition from the Foothills to
the Main Ranges of the northern Rocky Mountains of northeastern British Columbia. The Foothills are underlain by late Paleozoic and Mesozoic rocks that are deformed into long linear folds with minor thrust faults, all detached on a basal decollement in the underlying Besa River Formation. The
Main Ranges in the western part of the map area are underlain by lower Paleozoic limestones, dolostones and quartzites emplaced by large, shallow-dipping thrust faults onto the Besa River Formation. The dolostones are internally deformed by smaller thrust fault. The limestones contain tight
overturned folds with penetrative cleavage. Whereas the early Paleozoic rocks are dominated by thick panels of carbonate rocks, the late Paleozoic and younger units are dominated by clastic rocks with subsidiary but economically significant carbonates in the Carboniferous Prophet (Debolt) Formation
and the Triassic Charlie Lake, Baldonnel and Pardonet formations. Broad glacially scoured river valleys cut through the ranges. Some of these valleys are occupied by transverse faults which accommodate differential shortening and/or structural transitions at depth.
The green house
Authors:   Department of Energy, Mines and Resources Canada
Published: March 2017

This video demonstrates to Canadians what they can do in their home to become more energy efficient while maintaining the same level of comfort and help our environment as well.
Un lac venu de l'espace
Authors:   Department of Energy, Mines and Resources Canada
Published: March 2017

This video looks at a lake, which was created following the impact of a meteorite in the tundra region. It is a documentary on the expedition of scientists in 1988 to this lake, where a treasure chest of clues to the earth's history of the cosmos are
uncovered.
An attempt to correct magnetic survey data using a magnetometer base station
Authors: Newitt L R
Published: March 2017

Twelve days of vertical component one-minute data from 10 variometer stations and observatories along the Churchill IMS line are analysed in an attempt to determine the maximum distance at which a magnetometer base station can be used to correct magnetic survey
·data. Auto-correlation and power spectra analyses show that the magnetic variations at each station are essentially random. The correlation between minute values at Churchill are significant only at Eskimo Pt and Back, stations which are less than 250 km away. A direct attempt to correct data
at the remote stations using Churchill data was partially successful only at the same two stations. It is proposed that a more extensive study be conducted using closely spaced proton precession magnetometers along lines in each of the three magnetic zones.
Thermal maturity of Cambrian to Devonian rocks of northeastern Ellesmere Island
Authors: Harrison J C , Nowlan G S , Lehnert O
Published: March 2017

Conodont Colour Alteration Index (CAI) values were obtained for 143 conodont collections derived from Upper Cambrian through Lower Devonian strata. The results provide a useful analysis of thermal maturity conditions over the entire report area. Thermal maturity
conditions recorded by CAI values in lower Paleozoic rocks of the report area are attributed to depositional loading associated with the accumulation of foreland clastic sediments in the Middle and Late Devonian, and related tectonic loading that ended in the Early Carboniferous. The fore- land
wedge is partly preserved on central and southern Ellesmere Island but has been entirely stripped from the report area. The steep thermal maturity gradient associated with the top of the oil window can be explained by dif- ferential loading of the crust during an ancestral phase of slip on the
Rawlings Bay Thrust and Judge Daly Fault Zone in Middle Devonian to Early Carboniferous time. The differential load was proportionately greater to the northwest as a consequence of down-to-the-northwest slip on the linked ancestral fault sys- tem. Subsequent vertical displacement on the Rawlings Bay
Thrust may be almost 10 km.
Upper Neoproterozoic to Lower Devonian stratigraphy of northeast Ellesmere Island
Authors: Dewing K , Mayr U , Harrison J C , de
Freitas T
Published: March 2017

The thick sedimentary sequence exposed on northeast Ellesmere Island consists of Neoproterozoic to Devonian siliciclastic and carbonate rocks that were deposited on the passive northern margin of Laurentia. Sedimentary packages consist of Neoproterozoic shale and
shallow-water carbonate; Lower Cambrian marine to deltaic siliciclastic deposits; Lower Cambrian to Upper Ordovician shallow- marine carbonate and evaporite deposits that formed a platform with a distinct shelf-margin facies; Upper Ordovician to Silurian shallow-marine carbonate deposits that formed
a platform with shelf-margin reefs; and basinal, deep-water shale, chert, and carbonate breccia. The margin of the carbonate platform during the Cambrian and Ordovician was stable in its position and formed an escarpment. The Late Ordovician to Silurian carbonate margin stepped landward in response
to tectonism and sea-level change. During periods of exposure, carbonate breccias were shed into the basin, especially at the end of the Early Cambrian, and at the Cambrian-Ordovician and Ordovician-Silurian boundaries.
Lower Devonian redbeds near Bache Peninsula Arch
Authors: Mayr U
Published: March 2017

Two redbed formations, related to the Bache Peninsula Arch, are present at the head of Cañon Fiord. The lower one, the Red Canyon River Formation, is 1800 m thick and consists of interbedded sandstone and siltstone. The Red Canyon River Formation is overlain
with angular unconformity by the Vendom Fiord Formation, which consists of about 200 m of conglomerate and sandstone.
Tertiary stratigraphic sections
Authors: Lee C C
Published: March 2017

This contribution contains the lithological descriptions of fi ve stratigraphic sections on northeast Ellesmere Island, including the type sections for the Cape Back Formation and Cape Lawrence Formation (Miall, 1982) and the new Pavy Formation (Lee et al.,
2008).
Internal stresses in soils during frost heaving
Authors: Williams P J , Wood J A
Published: March 2017

A frost heaving cell with pressure- sensing apparatus was specially designed to measure the internal frost heaving pressures at different locations in a soil sample. Whereas conventional cells measure the heaving pressure generated by the entire sample, this new
apparatus allows detection of differences in stress within the soil arising from temperature differences. A detailed description of the apparatus and experimental procedures is presented. Results from tests with two soil types indicate that internal stresses are not uniform during freezing. The work
suggests that creep and strength properties of frozen material modulate the rate of secondary heaving and determine the effective frost heaving pressure.
Study of the hydrogeology of the White Lake Basin, British Columbia
Authors: Grant M B , Michel F A
Published: March 2017

Groundwaters sampled from diamond drill holes, domestic wells, springs and surface water bodies in the White Lake Basin, British Columbia, were analysed for chemical content and for oxygen-18,deuterium and tritium. Surface waters and shallow flow systems in
overburden and bedrock aquifers were found to be chemically and isotopically distinct from deeper waters in the basin. Local and intermediate length flow systems are thought to exist, but there is no evidence for the existence of a regional flow system in the basin. Flow of the deep waters is
influenced locally by geological and hydrological conditions. There is no evidence that the waters from the basin have been subjected to temperatures significantly higher than measured at the discharge points.
Canadian crustal stress data - a compilation to 1985
Authors: Adams J
Published: March 2017

Stress data for Canada and adjacent areas have been compiled into a computer database. The data format is described, maps plotted, and a complete listing included of the 822 entries current to 3 December 1985. The data strongly suggest that the whole of Canada
east of the Cordillera is being compressed along the northeast-southwest azimuth.
Acquisition and processing of a crustal refraction profile across the Queen Charlotte Islands and Hecate Strait
Authors: Clowes R M ,   The University of British Columbia
Published: March 2017

The stated objective of the scientific work was "to determine crust/lithosphere structure (.1) of the Queen Charlotte transform fault zone; (2) below the Queen Charlotte Islands; and (3) below Hecate Strait by conducting an onshore-offshore seismic refraction
experiment using ocean bot tom seismographs, land-based seismographs and explosive sources." To meet this objective, 11 land-based seismographs, 8 across northern Moresby Island and 3 on islands or the mainland at the eastern side of Hecate Strait; and 6 ocean bottom seismographs, 2 west of northern
Moresby Island and 4 across Hecate Strait, were deployed. Twelve explosive charges of 540 kg each and 20 charges of 60 kg each were detonated along a 110 km line extending westward from 20 km off northern Moresby Island. The field program was carried out from August 2-14, 1983.
This report summarizes the tectonic setting, previous seismic studies, the field program and data characteristics. Seismic sections of shots recorded by the 17 seismographs show that all receivers recorded excellent arrivals except the 4 0BSs deployed in Hecate Strait. For these instruments,
background noise level at the time of shooting was very high and precluded any obvious correlation of seismic phases. Nevertheless, the project was carried out successfully as planned and the stated objectives were met.
Study of mine air heating with geothermal energy
Authors:   Acres Consulting Services Limited
Published: March 2017

This conceptual level study examines the technical and economic potential for employing geothermal energy to heat mine ventilation air at a number of potash mines in Saskatchewan. A preliminary evaluation of the resource indicates that, conservatively, resource
temperatures of 35-45°C should be achievable, a range for this application. Most mines are presently using direct-fired natural gas to heat outside air from winter lows of around -35°C (and occasionally lower) to 10-25°C. Air volumes range from 325,000 m3/h to a high, projected for
one mine expansion, of over 750,000 m3/b. For a projected capital investment of approximately $2 million for the geothermal supply system and glycol/air coil recirculation system, before-tax lifetime unit energy cost savings of 25-40 percent relative to natural gas are predicted. An economic
analysis on three selected mines indicates real interna! returns of over 20 percent after tax.
Preliminary results from shallow drilling in the Alert Bay Volcanic Belt, 1982
Authors: Bentkowski W H , Lewis T J
Published: March 2017

Eight shallow boreholes have been drilled into Triassic basement rocks in the vicinity of the Late Tertiary Alert Bay Volcanic Belt to provide heat flow data for evaluation of geothermal potential. The holes are located southwest of Port McNeill on northern
Vancouver Island. The observed geothermal gradients range from 9.6 to 35.3 mKm -1. Near-surface water flows and surface temperature fluctuations affect the gradients to depths of 50 m. The average geothermal gradient, based on the four deepest hales, is estimated at 31.8 mKm-1 . No apparent thermal
anomalies were found near the volcanic belt so the potential for a geothermal resource is low.
Geothermal investigation: Prince Edward Island drilling
Authors:   John A. Leslie and Associates Limited
Published: March 2017

A 484.8 m cored hale was drilled through sediments in October 1983 at Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island. The objective was ta obtain temperature and rock property data to aid in assessing the low-grade geothermal potential on the University of Prince Edward
Island campus. The measured thermal gradient of between 13 and 14 °C/km is disappointing in terms of geothermal energy potential. No further investigations are warranted at this locality unless different evalualion criteria become relevant.
Canada, permafrost
Authors: Heginbottom J A , Dubreuil M A , Harker P T
Published: March 2017

Contained within the 5th Edition (1978 to 1995) of the National Atlas of Canada has a large that shows the extent of permafrost and abundance of ground ice; mapping units are based on physiographic regions. Point data on map give permafrost temperature and
thickness for specific sites. The second, smaller, map shows the mean annual ground temperatures. Graphs show four shallow temperature profiles (to 25 metres depth), and four deep temperature profiles (to several hundred metres depth).
North America (2004)
Authors:   Natural Resources Canada
Published: March 2017

Contained within the Atlas of Canada 8.5x11 series maps is a map which was prepared by three mapping agencies in cooperation with the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC). The CEC is located on Montreal and was created by Canada, Mexico and the United
States under the North American Agreement on environmental Cooperation (NAAEC). The three mapping agencies involved are The Atlas of Canada, The National Atlas of the United States and the National Institute of Statistics, Geography and Informatics (INEGI) of Mexico. The map shows populated places,
transportation routes, hydrography, bathymetry and political boundaries for all of North America. The scale of the map is 1:10 000 000 and it uses the Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area Projection. Many hydrographic and political names are shown in English, French and Spanish.
North America (1995)
Authors:   Natural Resources Canada
Published: March 2017

Contained within the Atlas of Canada's Reference Map Series, 1961 to 2010, is a general reference map of North America to 1995. Its special features include all federal, provincial and state boundaries for Canada, the United States and Mexico; major road and rail
transportation networks; and offshore features such as ocean bathymetry and Canada's exclusive fishing zone. There is also a distance chart for major cities (which also gives their populations and time zones); an inset map showing physiography and prominent elevations; and (on the folded version of
the maps), a gazetteer listing all 2400 populated places shown on the map. This map is offered in two versions: a flat copy on semi-gloss paper and a folded copy on heavy map paper. The map is an update of the 1971 edition.
North America (2000)
Authors:   Natural Resources Canada
Published: March 2017

Contained within the Atlas of Canada's Reference Map Series, 1961 to 2010, is the 2000 version of a regularly-updated map of the National Atlas of Canada Base Map Series and shows North America at a scale of 1: 10 000 000. The map is a general reference map
giving detailed coverage of populated places, transportation routes and the drainage network. Land areas are coloured to represent individual countries and dependencies, whereas offshore areas are coloured to show bathymetry. The map sheet has two inset maps: one is an inset for Hawaii, also at 1:
10 000 000; the second is a 1: 53 000 000 inset of North America showing relief, and noting significant mountain elevations. There is also a table of road mileages between major cities. Only a French version of this map is available.
Vancouver 2010 Olympic and Paralympics Winter Games Region
Authors:   Natural Resources Canada
Published: March 2017

Contained within the Atlas of Canada Poster Map Series, is a special edition 1:250 000 scale topographic map was produced to support the Vancouver 2010 Olympic and Paralympics Winter Games. This large-format wall map provides broad, up-to-date coverage of the
Winter Games region in British Columbia.
Canada (2009)
Authors:   Natural Resources Canada
Published: March 2017

Contained within the Atlas of Canada's Reference Map Series, 1961 to 2010, is the largest of the Atlas of Canada wall-maps, this colourful new edition (Nov 2009) features several significant information updates. Approximately 150 place names have been
added/renamed -- particularly in northern and rural regions. Populations have been updated to reflect the 2006 Census. All national parks are shown, including the expanded boundary of Nahanni National Park and Lake Superior's new National Marine Conservation Area. Road categories have been revised
to reflect the additions of new multi-lane highways. All provincial, territorial and international boundaries are depicted, including the Northern sector and Canada's 200-mile offshore Exclusive Economic Zone. Relief shading highlights the physiography of the country and the map's projection
provides a three-dimensional view of Canada.
Canada (1997)
Authors:   Natural Resources Canada
Published: March 2017

Contained within the Atlas of Canada's Reference Map Series, 1961 to 2010, is a map of Canada. The map was the first to use the Vertical Near-Side Perspective Projection (which enables the map to be of a larger scale than would otherwise have been possible). The
map shows provincial and territorial boundaries, including the provisional boundary of the Nunavut (which came into existence in 1999). Also shown is Canada's 200 mile offshore limit. Populated places are classified in six size categories. Roads are grouped into three categories. Railways and ferry
routes are also shown. The map shows all of the national parks and World Heritage sites created in Canada. The map contains a distance table for 29 places. It also has four urban-area inset maps which give extensive detail on the four largest metropolitan areas. These maps are Montreal, and
Ottawa--Hull, both at 1:700 000; and Toronto, and Vancouver, both at 1:1 000 000. Data is mainly as of 1997, but populated places are shown using 1991 Census d