bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PredART: Uncertainty-quantified Machine Learning Prediction of
Androgen Receptor Agonists Overcoming Imbalanced Dataset
Authors: Jang Jidon , Na Dokyun , Oh Kwang-Seok
Published: January 2025

Aim:

This study aims to develop and validate a machine learning-based model for the accurate prediction of androgen receptor (AR) agonistic toxicity, addressing the challenges posed by
data imbalance in existing predictive models.

Background:

Anomalous agonistic activity of the androgen receptor is a known major indicator of
reproductive toxicity, which can lead to prostate cancer. Machine learning-based models have been
developed for the rapid prediction of such agonists. However, the existing models have exhibited biased learning outcomes and low sensitivity due to the imbalance in the available training data. In the
early screening process of drug discovery, low sensitivity caused by data imbalance can hinder the
detection of potentially toxic compounds.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to develop a machine learning prediction model that classifies whether a drug candidate is an androgen receptor agonist or not with highly balanced performance compared to existing models

Methods:

PredART is a bootstrap aggregated k-nearest neighbor model for the balanced prediction
of androgen receptor agonistic toxicity using 381 active and 8,089 inactive datasets with structural
features of them.

Result:

In this work, we propose an advanced model that combines the bootstrap aggregating algorithm with machine learning binary classifiers to identify androgen receptor-based reproductive toxicity while avoiding biased prediction results. The optimal model using k-nearest neighbor classifiers
achieved an accuracy of 0.831, positive predictive value (PPV) of 0.882, sensitivity of 0.625, specificity of 0.951, Mathews correlation coefficient (MCC) of 0.633 on external test data, demonstrating
a significant improvement in sensitivity compared to the previous study and achieving balanced
learning. Furthermore, by calculating the standard deviation among outputs of the classifiers and
employing this prediction uncertainty as a screening metric to select reliable predictions, the model's
performance could be further enhanced.

Conclusion:

Based on the bootstrap aggregating algorithm, our prediction model effectively addressed data imbalance while evaluating the performance of various machine learning and deep
learning classifiers for a benchmark. Additionally, by quantifying uncertainty, our model provided
an intuitive assessment of prediction reliability during large-scale screening processes.
A Review of the Bioactivities and Biosynthesis of Ganoderma lucidum
Triterpenoids
Authors: Zhu Ting , Liu Bing , Chen Ning , Tian Xue , Li Wenlan
Published: January 2025

Ganoderma triterpenoids (GTs) are primarily extracted from the mycelium of Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum), with the main active components being ganoderic acid (GAs). They belong to the lanosterane type of tetracyclic triterpenoids and typically feature C30 and C26 skeletons. The diverse bioactivities of GTs are determined by various substituents at C-3, C-7, C-11, and C-15 on the tetracyclic skeleton, as well as the C-17 β side chain. Recent studies have revealed the antitumor, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, proangiogenic, antimalarial, antituberculosis, antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-aging properties of GTs. They demonstrate potential in treating and preventing a variety of conditions including cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia, thus showcasing a broad spectrum of applications and research significance in the medical field. This paper provides a review of the bioactivity of GTs isolated from G. lucidum in recent years and discusses the regulation of GTs biosynthesis, laying a foundation for the development of new drugs derived from G. lucidum.
The Post-Exercise Lower Limbs Recovery Process: A Questionnaire Applied To Physiotherapists
Authors: Duarte João P. , Silva Gonçalo , Sousa Filipa , Machado Leandro , Fernandes Ricardo J. , Vilas-Boas J. Paulo
Published: January 2025

Background:

Physical exercise is essential to improve quality of life, with muscle recovery after exercise being crucial since it reduces the delayed sensation of muscle discomfort and fatigue. The present study aims to identify the methods used by physiotherapists to recover sports practitioners after physical exercise and presents a non-experimental, quantitative and descriptive nature.

Methods:

Fifty-two physiotherapists (52% women), with 9.8 ± 7.3 years of experience and different sports backgrounds, were asked to complete an anonymous questionnaire that consisted of (1) participant demographics, (2) recovery wearable sports garment, and (3) development of a new product for muscle recovery.

Results:

Physiotherapists reported that sports practitioners use legging-like garments during training (n=22), after training (n=19), while some physiotherapists were not aware if their athletes use any legging-like garment (n=17). The common characteristics of the garments are the compression (56%), heating (34%) and, in some cases, massage (6%) and printed electronic devices (4%). Physiotherapists mention that sports practitioners usually report lower limbs localized muscle fatigue after training or competition (90%), and the most affected areas are the entire lower limb (n=12), quadriceps (n=9) and hamstring and glutes (n=7 each). The most common therapy used is massage (n=12), followed by electrostimulation (n=8) and compression (n=5).

Conclusion:

Physiotherapists believe that electrostimulation should be used to recover quadriceps, hamstrings and the whole lower limb, and localized heating should be centered in the entire lower limb, hamstrings and quadriceps (in number of answers). Alternatively, massage is better to recover the whole lower limb, gastrocnemius, and hamstrings. When asked what characteristics the garment should have, physiotherapists reported that comfort (n=44), breathability (n=37) and ease of care and cleaning are vital.
Deep Learning and IoT Revolutionizing Transportation Management: A Study on Smart Transportation
Authors: Singh Inder
Published: January 2025

In our day-to-day life, we often refer to transportation as the movement of
products or people from one place to another . On the other hand, management is all
about controlling resources required by transportation to achieve desired objectives and
goals. Transportation management plays a critical role for an individual and company.
Applications for transportation management are becoming smarter as a result of the
development of technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT), and connected devices
are enabling their exploitation in all spheres. Hence, with the use of these technologies,
the volume of data is also increasing many-fold. There are many techniques, such as
machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and artificial intelligence (AI), that can be
applied to collected data to get insights into the data and further enhance the
capabilities and intelligence of the applications. Nowadays, transportation management
is more efficient with the use of both deep learning and Internet of Things techniques.
Narrativa biográfica e a construção discursiva da história: um estudo do caso Coluna Prestes, pelo olhar da biógrafa Anita Leocádia Prestes
Authors: Abreu-Aoki Raquel Lima de
Published: January 2025

The life trajectory of emblematic political figures in Brazilian history can be (re)constructed and (re)signified through a discursive reconstruction of the past. Historiographical biography provides a unique space for expressing new perspectives on reported events, functioning as a locus of counter-argumentation against previously established discourses about the biographed figure. In this sense, this genre fosters reflections on the relationships between history, memory, and identity, contributing to the production of (new) meanings through a memorialistic narrative. From this perspective, this study analyzes the projected images of Luiz Carlos Prestes associated with the political-military movement of the Coluna Prestes as presented in Luiz Carlos Prestes, um comunista brasileiro, written by his daughter, Anita Leocádia Prestes. To achieve this, we employ the Modes of Discourse Organization proposed by Charaudeau’s Semiolinguistic Theory (2008), with a focus on the Descriptive and Narrative Modes. The study highlights how historiographical biographical writ-ing articulates memory and identity, generating effects from its discursive materiality that resonate with the memories of Luiz Carlos Prestes from the author's perspective and, concurrently, with the collective memory of the Brazilian nation.
Ideologia e memória na produção de sentidos de criança no discurso de um Projeto Político Pedagógico
Authors: Silveira Valéria da Silva , Fiss Dóris Maria Luzzardi
Published: January 2025

Based on Materialist Discourse Analysis founded by Michel Pêcheux, this qualita-tive research undertakes an analytical-discursive approach to unveil the functioning of discourse through the materiality of language. It examines how the discourse of a Pedagogical Political Project (PPP) from a preschool located in the northern coast of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, re-flects the social dimensions of language in relation to discourse. The PPP, revised in 2019, serves as a document in which meanings and knowledge about early childhood education, teaching, and chil-dren circulate. Excerpts were selected using an empirical observation strategy focusing on what was excessively articulated, allowing for the identification of regularities within the discourse thread and the formation of two Paraphrastic Families (PF): Child-Project and Child-Potential, inscribed in the Childhood Discursive Formation (CDF). The study aimed to understand discursive processes, rep-etitions, pre-constructed elements, and aspects constituting the memory of discourse. The analyses revealed that the PPP discourse interacts with the discourses of other groups dedicated to studying children – sociologists, psychologists, anthropologists, doctors, jurists, religious leaders, educators, and politicians. These interactions highlighted not only the antecedence of meanings articulated elsewhere but also antagonistic relationships among diverse meanings of childhood.
O quadro hermenêutico: uma categoria para a negociação dos efeitos de sentido na obra Symetrias Dyssonantes, de Luiz Brás
Authors: Celestino Ricardo
Published: January 2025

This article explores the enunciative-discursive constitution of the hermeneutic framework in literary statements extracted from the short story collection Symetrias Dyssonantes by Luiz Brás, employing the theoretical and methodological framework of French Discourse Analysis. Based on Maingueneau (2006), the hermeneutic framework serves as a category that provides conditions for negotiating meaning effects in literary discourse, as it maps discursive formations with-out hierarchizing them. The research examines the hermeneutic framework through the discursive formations of Brazilian Science Fiction (BSF), Philosophy—particularly the concept of rhizome by Deleuze and Guattari (1995)—and Metafiction, as proposed by Hutcheon (1994). The study situates BSF within the 21st century, emphasizing its speculative nature in addressing scientific, cultural, and social issues relevant to contemporary science. Deleuze and Guattari’s (1995) notion of the rhizome sheds light on the literary work as a machinic assemblage characterized by multiplicity and continuous reconfiguration. Metafiction, on the other hand, facilitates reflection on the narra-tive's nature and the interaction between fiction and reality, highlighting BSF's ability to question and expand the boundaries of literature by engaging the co-enunciator in creating meanings from unfolded realities. Ultimately, the research underscores the importance of a critical co-enunciator in literary enunciation, one that explores the interpretive possibilities offered by interdiscourse.
Polêmica e desacordo entre leitores de jornal on-line: um procedimento de análise para caracterizar a violência verbal
Authors: Galindo Adelmo Cordeiro , Gonçalves-Segundo Paulo Roberto
Published: January 2025

This article aims to discuss an analysis procedure for verbal violence, correlating in-teractional and rhetorical-discursive aspects related to its emergence conditions, especially contro-versy and disagreement, and its manifestation forms, in terms of impoliteness and appraisal. Theo-retically, the conceptions of controversy, disagreement, and agreement are grounded in rhetorical and discursive approaches (Perelman; Olbrechts-Tyteca, 2020; Kerbrat-Orecchioni, 1980; Amossy, 2017; Neves, 2017). The manifestations of verbal violence will consider Culpeper's (1996; 2005; 2011) impoliteness theory and the attitude and graduation subsystems of the APPRAISAL system (Martin; White, 2005) from a systemic-functional perspective (Halliday & Matthiessen, 2004). The corpus, selected to illustrate the method, comprises comments from the online newspaper Folha de S.Paulo regarding the issue of abortion, a potentially controversial topic. Initial analysis results have shown the productivity of our model to refine the description of verbal violence acts. We have ob-served the importance of disagreement between values and value hierarchies for the emergence of verbal violence and the high incidence of attitude instances linked to judgments of social sanction, scoped by high intensification resources, as an evaluation strategy in response to disagreements.
Diálogos entre Interculturalidade e Plurilinguismo em Diretrizes Educacionais no Brasil
Authors: Lins Yanê Batista Santos , Santos Yuri Andrei Batista , Cavalcante Filho Urbano
Published: January 2025

Recent developments in the educational context highlight a growing recognition of interculturality and plurilingualism, despite persistent challenges to their full implementation in Brazil's educational sphere. This study aims to analyze the relationship between plurilingualism and interculturality in contemporary Brazilian educational guidelines. The theoretical and methodo-logical foundation of this research is based on the concept of plurilingual education and its main characteristics (Megale, 2018; Hamers and Blanc, 2000; García, 2009). Guided by Volóchinov’s so-ciological method (2017), the study examines discursive constructions from Opinion No. 2/2020, directed to the National Education Council (CNE) and the Basic Education Chamber (CEB), which presents the National Curriculum Guidelines for the provision of Plurilingual Education in Brazil. The findings indicate that the integration of plurilingualism and interculturality fosters an educa-tion that transcends mere language acquisition, promoting a teaching environment that values cul-tural diversity.
Elas que lucrem: uma análise discursiva sobre o empoderamento feminino
Authors: Paragó Beatriz Pereira Nunes , Magalhães Raquel Anne Lucas , Dela-Silva Silmara
Published: January 2025

This study aims to reflect on the interplay between discourses on femininity and neo-liberalism within journalistic content targeted at women. Grounded in the theoretical foundation and methodological principles of Materialist Discourse Analysis (MDA), originally proposed in France by Pêcheux and further developed in Brazil by Orlandi, we focus specifically on the opera-tion of empowerment discourse. This discourse reactivates sayings produced elsewhere while up-dating them concerning the role and place of women in our social formation. Accordingly, we ana-lyze the website Elas que lucrem ("Let Them Profit"), featured on the Te r r a portal, to understand the meanings circulating in the media about women. Our analysis centers on the different significant materialities present in the sections “Quem somos” (“Who We Are”) and “Mulheres Investidoras” (“Women Investors”), using contributions from Medeiros (2023), Orlandi (2003, 2015, 2023), and Lagazzi (2009) to reflect on how neoliberal discourse operates within feminist narratives.
Responsible Design, Integration, and Use of Generative AI in Mental Health
Authors: Asman Oren , Torous John , Tal Amir
Published: January 2025

Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) shows potential for personalized care, psychoeducation, and even crisis prediction in mental health, yet responsible use requires ethical consideration and deliberation and perhaps even governance. This is the first published theme issue focused on responsible GenAI in mental health. It brings together evidence and insights on GenAI’s capabilities, such as emotion recognition, therapy-session summarization, and risk assessment, while highlighting the sensitive nature of mental health data and the need for rigorous validation. Contributors discuss how bias, alignment with human values, transparency, and empathy must be carefully addressed to ensure ethically grounded, artificial intelligence–assisted care. By proposing conceptual frameworks; best practices; and regulatory approaches, including ethics of care and the preservation of socially important humanistic elements, this theme issue underscores that GenAI can complement, rather than replace, the vital role of human empathy in clinical settings. To achieve this, an ongoing collaboration between researchers, clinicians, policy makers, and technologists is essential.
Imposters, Bots, and Other Threats to Data Integrity in Online Research: A Review of the Literature and Recommendations for Best Practices (Preprint)
Authors: Strickland Isabella B. , Ferketich Amy K. , Tackett Alayna P. , Patterson Joanne G. , Breitborde Nicholas J.K. , Roberts Megan
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Threats to data integrity have always existed in online human subjects research, but it appears these threats have become more common and more advanced in recent years. Researchers have proposed various techniques to address bots, fraudulent participants, repeat participants, and satisficers, yet no review of this literature has been conducted.

OBJECTIVE

To synthesize and evaluate the recent research published on methods for addressing threats to data integrity in online research.

METHODS

We conducted a comprehensive review of the literature addressing threats to data integrity in online research. Ninety articles were ultimately reviewed and coded.

RESULTS

Findings revealed that techniques to authenticate personal information (e.g., videoconferencing, mailing incentives to a physical address) were discussed by 47% of the articles and appear to be very effective at deterring or identifying fraudulent participants. Yet such techniques also come with ethical considerations, including participant burden and increased threats to privacy. Other techniques, such as reCAPTCHA scores and checking IP addresses, although very common, were also deemed by several researchers as no longer sufficient protections against advanced threats to data integrity.

CONCLUSIONS

Overall, this review demonstrates the importance of shifting online research protocols as bots and fraudulent participants become more sophisticated.
The Oxidation of Nanocellulose from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) by TEMPO/NaClO/NaBr
Authors: Ulfah Annisa Amalia , Hidayat Muslikhin , Cahyono Rochim Bakti , Ariyanto Teguh
Published: January 2025

One of the largest biomass wastes in Indonesia is oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB), which produces thousands of tons of waste in a year. The value of biomass can be upgraded to nanocellulose-based adsorbents. Cellulose is extracted through three processes: delignification, bleaching, and hydrolysis. In this study, nanocellulose was oxidated with TEMPO (2,2,6- tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical)/NaClO/NaBr at pH 10 in a temperature room. The influence of oxidizer (NaClO 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 mmol/gram) and catalysator (NaBr 25, 50, 100, 150, 200 mg/gram) in the formation of carboxylate groups and reaction time was studied. After the pretreatment process, cellulose content in the final product reached 61.8% with a crystallinity index of 58%. With lengths ranging from 127.4 nm to 512 nm and a diameter of less than 20 nm, nanocellulose is classified as cellulose nanofiber. Conductometry titration is used to find the carboxylate group formed on the nanocellulose surface. The highest carboxylate groups were found in 1,600 mmol/gram by adding 20 mmol/gram NaClO. As the addition of oxidants, degradation of nanocellulose occurred, which was indicated by a decrease in nanocellulose weight and shifting of function groups. All the reaction processes happened below 25 minutes, increasing the reaction rate by adding more than 50 mg/gram NaBr.
The Development of Motor Skills in Children with Mild Intellectual Disabilities with Autism (Proxemic Analysis of Teaching Action)
Authors: Nejah Kacem
Published: January 2025

The study of the effectiveness of teaching action is a means of pedagogical intervention which has been the subject of a large body of research. Most researchers emphasize the possibilities in pedagogy, and more particularly in motor education where there is some practical material, about the use of methods based on verbal interventions. In motor education, the teacher, in order to improve the learning conditions, uses verbal exchanges, he instructs the class by organizing the tasks, by making the landmarks contained to all the students in the class can be carried out in an indirect way. The objective of our study is the proxemic analysis of the teacher’s action for our population composed of eight teachers of motor activities during learning ensured by an improvement in communication and integration of autistic children much more than the modes of intervention. The results of our research, justified by a qualitative mode, are articulated with the quantitative mode. Our research therefore strives to construct, from an exploratory perspective, elements of an answer. It is therefore a question of laying the premises of a new approach, based on a study focused on certain elements of teaching action based on pedagogical intervention. Our work is based on research work whose subject is proximity. Our study on the difference in distance by tool to compare the repertoires of the four PE teachers teaching motor activity to subjects with autism. We are interested in what actually happens in motor performance optimization sessions, and we want to describe and understand the role of teacher distance in the teaching-learning process. We seek to see how the different types of distance used by the teacher during the transmission of knowledge participate in the didactic techniques of chronogenesis, topogenesis and mesogenesis in order to respond to the different situations encountered within the didactic system. All of this research is part of a comparison. It aims to characterize the proxemic productions of the four PE teachers and to identify their didactic functionalities.
Research on the Impact of Executives' Green Cognition, Green Innovation and Corporate ESG Performance
Authors: Wang Yijing
Published: January 2025

This paper selects Shenzhen and Shanghai A-share listed companies from 2009 to 2023 as sample data to study the impact of executives' green cognition EGP on corporate ESG performance. The study found that executives' green cognition EGP and corporate ESG performance showed a significant positive correlation, that is, executives' green cognition can significantly promote the improvement of corporate ESG performance, and the results still hold after a series of stability tests; green innovation plays a mediating role in the process of executives' green cognition promoting the improvement of corporate ESG performance, that is, executives' green cognition can promote companies to carry out green innovation, and then green innovation greatly improves the company's ESG performance; further research found that the impact of executives' green cognition on corporate ESG performance varies in different situations, specifically, executives with financial backgrounds and low-paid executives have a more obvious promotion of corporate ESG performance.
Randomness Exploration in Daily Detected Overloaded Trucks (An Experimental Study)
Authors: Mahmoudabadi Abbas , Ghazimahalleh Fatemeh Pourhossein
Published: January 2025

Since the overload detection program is a main concern for transport authorities to prevent road damage and enhance road safety, this paper investigates the randomness in the number of daily overloaded vehicles detected throughout the month. The concern is crucial where it is said that detected overloaded vehicle drops over the month. For this purpose, the randomness of daily detected overloaded vehicles has been tested by utilizing the familiar statistical method of “Runs Test”, in which the numbers of daily detected vehicles are considered observation. Data, for detecting trucks as overloading across the intercity roads in the West-Asian country of Iran, has been collected for a year followed by categorizing into thirty days to check the randomness pattern. The results revealed that, despite fluctuating stats, the number of detected overloaded vehicles follows a random pattern instead of a specific pattern in increasing or decreasing trends believed in the rumours. Since the number of daily overloaded vehicles exhibits randomness during a month and all types of trucks including trailers (detachable trucks), heavy trucks, and light trucks have been investigated, transport authorities are recommended to focus more on the methods of weighing enforcement to ensure that sufficient overloading enforcement activities are performed.
Consumer Perceptions Regarding the Marketing Mix on the Purchase Decision Palm Cooking Oil Products: Mediated by Purchase Interest
Authors: Yuniar Pira
Published: January 2025

Palm oil is Indonesia's leading plantation commodity with processed cooking oil products. The high price of cooking oil in recent years has made the government issue cooking oil products under the brand “Minyakita”. The fluctuating sales of Minyakita make it necessary to pay attention to the basic aspects of consumer consideration of choosing products using marketing mix managerial tools. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of marketing mix on purchase interest and decisions, analyze the effect of purchase interest on purchasing decisions, and analyze the indirect effect of marketing mix on purchasing decisions through purchase interest. The sampling technique is probability sampling with a total of 97 samples. Data collection through direct interviews and questionnaires. The data analysis used is path analysis. According to the findings of this study in model I, product, price and promotion have a significant effect on purchase interest while place has no significant effect on purchase interest. Then in model II, product, price and purchase interest have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions while place and promotion have no significant effect on purchasing decisions. Indirect effect shows that purchase interest is able to mediate products, prices, and promotions on purchasing decisions. The findings of this study expand knowledge with empirical evidence clarifying the significant influence of the marketing mix on consumer decisions through purchase interest. It is recommended for producers to further improve product quality and maintain prices. For the government, it can provide support to expand market access.
Factors Influencing Cocoa Farmers' Decision-Making in Choosing Marketing Channels
Authors: Rasyidin Muh.
Published: January 2025

Cocoa is one of the leading sector commodities in Polewali Mandar Regency and can contribute to the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP). Luyo Sub-district consistently contributes to cocoa production in this Regency. However, this consistency is not accompanied by cocoa farmers' income, which is still classified as very low; one of the causes is suspected to be price differences in each marketing channel. This causes farmers to have considerations in determining marketing institutions or choosing marketing channels. The purpose of this study is to analyze the decision-making patterns of farmers when choosing marketing channels and the factors that influence cocoa farmers' decisions when choosing marketing channels. The descriptive analysis method is used to determine the pattern of farmers' decision-making, while the binary logistic regression analysis method is used to determine the factors that influence farmers' decision-making in choosing marketing channels. The results showed that the role of the wife dominates farmers' decision-making patterns in choosing marketing channels. Meanwhile, factors that significantly influence cocoa farmers' decision-making in choosing marketing channels are age, number of family members, total production, farmer group membership, other sources of income, frequency of attending extension activities, and capital attachment to marketing institutions.
The Role of Good Corporate Governance on Profitability of Financial Institutions in Supporting Agricultural Development: A Roadmap for Future Research
Authors: Sujadi Mido Muhammad Sardy
Published: January 2025

Profitability assessment in agricultural financial institutions is sometimes less noticed by scientists, resulting in limited theoretical and empirical evidence in explaining the performance of financial institutions that focus on financing agricultural and agribusiness development. Meanwhile, the farm sector in several countries contributes significantly to creating macroeconomic growth. This study aims to present empirical evidence on the role of good corporate governance on the profitability of agricultural financing institutions and present important points in formulating a roadmap for future research that is useful in developing new theories. This study uses a systematic literature review approach from current journals. The journal search used the question keywords "Corporate Governance, Financial Performance, Agriculture", so 25 main journals were obtained that were indexed in international databases, and supported by 39 other journals to help explain the research findings. Based on the results of the analysis, it is known that research on corporate governance and financial performance in agricultural development was conducted in the period 2017-2024, with the largest number in 2021. The majority of researchers concluded that good corporate governance has been shown to have a positive impact on financial performance and profitability. This means that the development and sustainability of agricultural sector businesses must begin with strengthening corporate governance. The analysis results also found that the assessment of corporate governance and profitability against the macro economy has not been carried out, so the explanation and empirical evidence in agricultural development are very limited. Suppose there is a finding that GCG significantly impacts profitability, and another finding gives an insignificant negative effect. This agenda is certainly a roadmap for the future to conduct a more in-depth study, it will be very strong to analyze together the role of good corporate governance, macro economy, financial literacy, and profitability. The practical implication is that to improve financial performance in agricultural sector companies, GCG must be enhanced by determining the ideal proportion of management composition (board of directors and audit committee) and mitigating early on the potential for conflicts of interest or tensions between managers.
Fishermen and Farmers Communities Clientelism Practices and Electoral Politics
Authors: S.A Muh. Endang,
Published: January 2025

Agriculture and fisheries are critical sectors for national development, yet some researchers argue that these sectors are closely tied to clientelism and electoral practices, including vote buying. This study seeks to provide both theoretical and empirical evidence on whether clientelism and electoral politics can be considered political commodities, particularly within the context of farming and fishing communities. The study examines the relationship between clientelism, electoral outcomes, and regional economic conditions, especially regarding poverty and local economies. Utilizing a systematic literature review of 30 accredited and reputable international journals, the research finds that clientelism continues to be prevalent in both developed and developing countries, particularly in regions with significant economic and welfare disparities. The journal criteria are: a) Literature is only in the form of international journals; b) Reputable international journals indexed by Scopus; and indexed in international databases such as Copernicus and others; and c) Current scientific journals published between 2014-2024. These disparities create fertile ground for clientelist practices, as they are used strategically by political actors to win elections. Empirical evidence from regional elections suggests that while clientelism may influence electability, its connection to economic improvement and the effectiveness of welfare programs remains weak. To mitigate the ongoing influence of clientelism in electoral politics, this study recommends several practical interventions: the regeneration of political candidates (patrons) from political parties, aligning campaign promises with the actual needs of communities, innovating electoral socialization strategies, presenting trustworthy and competent political figures, and fostering collective awareness at the community level about the importance of informed voting and social movements in elections. These measures aim to reduce the persistence of clientelism and promote more transparent and effective electoral practices.
Análisis comparativo de la legislación vigente sobre inclusión laboral de las personas con discapacidad en la Comunidad Andina
Authors: Luque González Arturo , Garzón López Jennifer Estefanía , Loor Tobar Gloria Gema
Published: January 2025

El presente trabajo tiene como propósito estudiar la normativa nacional de los derechos de las personas con discapacidad en los países miembros de la Comunidad Andina, como son Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador y Perú, así como las adhesiones y ratificaciones a tratados internacionales firmados por estas naciones. La metodología empleada sienta sus bases en el método del derecho comparado, que posibilita el análisis de las legislaciones, encontrando compatibilidades y diferencias entre los países. Los resultados se presentan mediante tablas comparativas de cada Estado, las cuales permiten evaluar las normativas y determinar en qué podrían retroalimentarse una de la otra para dar cumplimiento a lo dispuesto legalmente en los instrumentos internacionales y sistemas jurídicos nacionales, en relación con el derecho laboral de las personas con discapacidad. Se evidencia que, aunque los Estados hayan incorporado en sus constituciones y leyes el enfoque de derechos e igualdad de oportunidades para la población en discapacidad, las tasas de empleo e inclusión existentes concentran índices bajos. Finalmente, se plantea como recomendación que exista un mecanismo de control para el efectivo cumplimiento de la inserción laboral de las personas con discapacidad, que se amplíe este estudio para obtener una visión integral en la elaboración de políticas públicas.
Real-Time Cyber Security Protection Tool
Authors: Mulla A. S.
Published: January 2025

This report aims to examine the evolving cybersecurity threats, including DeepFakes, phishing, social engineering,
and malware, and analyze detection mechanisms to counter these threats. DeepFakes, generated using advanced AI techniques,
pose risks such as identity theft and disinformation, with detection models like CNNs and RNNs showing promise, albeit with
reduced effectiveness against high-quality manipulations. Tools like Face Forensics++ are instrumental for training such
models. Phishing, which employs deceptive techniques to steal sensitive information, is addressed through URL-based detection
systems and datasets such as Phish-Tank. Social engineering, leveraging tactics like pretexting and baiting, highlights the
importance of NLP models for detecting manipulation in communications. Malware, encompassing threats like ransomware and
spyware, continues to challenge cybersecurity efforts, with machine learning and deep learning approaches proving effective for
detection. Tools like Virus Total and Cuckoo Sandbox enhance detection through multi-engine scanning and dynamic analysis.
While detection technologies show significant potential, challenges such as real-time threat identification and user awareness
underscore the need for integrated, adaptive cybersecurity solutions
Braille E-Book Reader
Authors: G Senbagavalli
Published: January 2025

There are total 37 million blind people across the world. Out of that 15 million are from India. These people are unable
to access the documents or electronics media which are not available in Braille scripts. Here we are implementing enhanced
Braille system that helps blind people to read text or content. We extracted PDF and it will be converted into text using Python
Script. The detected text will be given to Arduino Mega which recognize every character and convert it into Braille code. With
the help of solenoid, we are displaying that Braille code on Braille.
Chatbot for Multilingual Healthcare Environment Using Bio-BERT
Authors: Kavya D
Published: January 2025

Access to clear health information is crucial, many people in rural and underserved areas encounter challenges such
as complex medical terminology, language barriers, and a shortage of healthcare providers. These obstacles can result in
confusion, delays, and poor health outcomes. A multilingual AI chatbot can simplify medical information, provide real-time
assistance, and offer guidance in the user's preferred language. This solution can enhance access to healthcare, bridge existing
gaps, and empower individuals to make informed health choices.
Design of Ge Based Nanowire for Low Power Applications at 3nm Node
Authors: Medida Prateek
Published: January 2025

In this study, we analyse the performance of Germanium (Ge)-based nanowires for low power applications at the 3nm
technology node. Our investigation focuses on Si Nanowire FETs and Ge Nanowire FETs. Si nanowires exhibit a subthreshold
slope of 74.50 mV/decay, while Ge nanowires show 64.38 mV/decay. The Ion/Ioff ratio for Si nanowires is 3.94 × 10^7,
significantly higher than that of Ge nanowires (1.84 × 10^7). Ge-based nanowires are explored as efficient thermoelectric
materials for energy harvesting applications. We analyse their thermoelectric properties, including See beck coefficient and
electrical conductivity. Simulations reveal that Ge nanowires can efficiently convert waste heat into electrical power. These
nanogenerators offer a sustainable solution for powering low-power devices in remote or energy-constrained environments. Our
findings highlight the potential of Ge nanowires in energy-efficient electronic devices. The overall simulation analysis is
performed using the sentaurus TCAD tool
Autonomous Garbage Collection Robot
Authors: Tiwari Vikas Kumar
Published: January 2025

The robot is designed to collect garbage autonomously, minimizing the need for human labour. It navigates urban
areas independently, using sensors and cameras to detect trash. The robot can sort different types of waste, such as recyclables,
organic materials, and hazardous items, using image recognition technology. It is equipped with a robotic arm to pick up
garbage and store it in separate compartments. The robot is powered by renewable energy sources like solar power or batteries,
making waste collection more efficient and reducing overall costs while promoting recycling
Integrasi Prinsip-Prinsip Islam dalam Kewirausahaan dan Pemasaran: Studi Literatur tentang Motivasi, Pembiayaan, dan Strategi Bisnis Berkelanjutan
Authors: Santoso Seger , Ruslaini
Published: January 2025

This study aims to explore the integration of Islamic principles in entrepreneurship and marketing, focusing on motivation, financing, and sustainable business strategies. Using a qualitative literature review approach, the study identifies Islamic values such as amanah (trust), sidq (truthfulness), and justice as the foundation of Muslim entrepreneurs' motivation. In the financing aspect, Sharia-compliant instruments like mudharabah and musharakah are found to provide equitable financial solutions, despite challenges in financial literacy. Islamic marketing strategies, including Islamic branding and halal marketing, significantly contribute to building consumer loyalty and business sustainability. The study highlights the importance of collaboration among entrepreneurs, financial institutions, and policymakers to create an inclusive Islamic business ecosystem. The findings offer conceptual guidance for developing ethical and sustainable Islamic entrepreneurship
Perbandingan Kepatuhan Terhadap Prinsip Syariah dalam Pembiayaan Bank Syariah
Authors: Qalbia Farah , Santoso Seger , Ruslaini
Published: January 2025

This study examines the compliance of Islamic banks with Shariah principles, specifically riba, gharar, and maysir, in financing practices through a literature review. Analysis of eight previous studies explores the effectiveness of implementation and the challenges encountered. The findings indicate that despite significant efforts through Shariah-compliant product designs such as murabahah and istisna', challenges persist, particularly in resembling conventional interest practices, contract complexity, and speculative risks. Factors such as the role of Shariah supervisory boards, regulations, and consumer awareness are pivotal in improving compliance. This study highlights the importance of continuous innovation and rigorous oversight to achieve better adherence to Shariah principles. However, this research is limited by the lack of empirical data and specific geographic coverage, opening avenues for further studies.
Peran Audit Syariah Internal dan Eksternal dalam Kepatuhan Syariah pada Lembaga Keuangan Islam
Authors: Amelia Yessica , Muhammad Rizal  , Sri Utami Nurhasanah
Published: January 2025

This study aims to examine the role of internal and external sharia audits in ensuring sharia compliance in Islamic financial institutions through a literature review. Based on the analysis of various previous studies, it was found that sharia audits, both internal and external, play a crucial role in maintaining adherence to sharia principles and improving transparency and accountability in Islamic financial institutions. Internal audits focus on operational and procedural oversight, while external audits provide an independent assessment of overall sharia compliance. However, the main challenges faced include the lack of consistent audit standards, limited training for sharia auditors, and legal uncertainties in Islamic finance practices. This study recommends the development of clearer standards and enhanced training for sharia auditors to improve the effectiveness of sharia audit implementation in Islamic financial institutions
DESERCIÓN DOCENTE EN CHILE: FACTORES, CONSECUENCIAS Y POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS
Authors: Barriga Silva Tavita Andrea , Canales Osorio Diego Eduardo , Lagos Contreras José Martín
Published: January 2025

La crisis mundial de deserción de profesores ha ido en aumento, y Chile se encuentra entre los países con las tasas más altas de abandono docente. A pesar de esto, la investigación y reflexión sobre este tema han sido limitadas, por lo que es crucial reconsiderar el declive gradual en el prestigio de la profesión docente y examinar las razones que llevan a los profesores a renunciar. Este ensayo tiene como objeto analizar los factores y las consecuencias de la deserción docente en Chile y cómo las políticas públicas han tratado de minimizar la deserción en las instituciones educativas, dado que la pérdida de un docente conlleva consecuencias irreparables en los ámbitos educativo, social y económico. Los docentes son fundamentales en el sistema educativo, pero la atención a sus dificultades es escasa en comparación con la dedicada a los estudiantes. Es crucial comprender cómo las políticas educativas han afectado la profesión docente para poder desarrollar estrategias que promuevan su profesionalización y autonomía. Es necesario cambiar la percepción de los docentes principiantes como agentes de cambio y abordar el abandono del aula desde políticas de retención.
Mixotrophic cultivation of microalgae in whey medium for poultry diet supplementation with microalgal biomass
Authors:   University of Latvia, Institute of Biology, Neiberts Kristaps , Semjonovs Pāvels
Published: January 2025

During this research microalgal strains of Graesiella emersonii KM01 and Tetradesmus obliquus OM02 were isolated from various freshwater bodies, also microalgal cultures Chlorella vulgaris CCAP 211/111, Scenedesmus quadricauda CCAP 276/16, Chromochloris zofingiensis CCAP 211/14 were from Culture Collection of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP, United Kingdom) and Galdieria sulphuraria UTEX 2919 from Culture Collection of Algae of the University of Texas at Austin (UTEX, USA). It has been shown that to increase microalgae biomass yield, it is possible to cultivate microalgae mixotrophically in whey medium. By comparing growth performance of microalgal cultures in lactose containing media and whey, a promising approach for achieving high biomass yield, thus also for decreasing environmental impact of improper whey disposal, was demonstrated for T. obliquus OM02. Growth of both G. emersonii KM01 and C. zofiengiensis CCAP 211/14 on lactose containing media and whey was found to be relatively low, not exceeding biomass productivity of isolate T. obliquus OM02. Cultivation of T. obliquus OM02 in whey demonstrated that it is possible to achieve the highest biomass in 50 % diluted whey, which resulted in 2.83 ± 0.11 g/L and is the highest yield between microalgal isolates in this research. Results confirm that mixotrophic cultivation of certain lactose assimilating microalgal isolates in whey compared to photoautotrophic cultivation enables to obtain a comparable biomass yield, which can be attributed to whey medium composition.
Fauna of soil predatory Mesostigmata mites (Acari, Parasitiformes) in the urban grasslands of Rīga, Latvia
Authors:   Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, Salmane Ineta , Sniedze-Kretalova Rūta ,   Latvian Fund for Nature
Published: January 2025

Soil invertebrates are an integral part of soils and are important for the formation of soils. Soil invertebrates and among them Mesostigmata mites, play a vital role in the production and maintenance of healthy soils. Unfortunately, the significance of the soil invertebrates is seldom recognized. In collaboration with Latvian Fund for Nature and in the frames of the project “Introducing adaptive community-based biodiversity management in urban areas for improved connectivity and ecosystem health urban LIFE circles” collecting of soil samples in Rīga grasslands was performed. In total collection in 14 urban grassland sampling sites was made. Samples were taken by the soil corer and extracted on modified Berlese-Tullgren funnels. Although there was no intensive trampling in the investigated sites, grassland fragmentation and closeness of intensive traffic made a great impact on soil mite fauna. Mesostigmata mite species composition of investigated urban city sites differed from that in the natural grasslands of Latvia. Totally 20 Mesostigmata mite species in Rīga grasslands were determined. Nine of those species are also known from the natural grassland habitats in Latvia. The most frequent Mesostigmata species in urban grasslands were members of the families Rhodacaridae, Parasitidae, and Laelaptidae. Mesostigmata species, known as eudominant in the territory of Latvia, were not found in the urban grassland soils of Rīga.