bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using a Deep Learning System That Classifies Hypertensive Retinopathy Based on the Fundus Images of Patients of Wide Age
Authors: Şüyun Süleyman Burçin , Taşdemir Şakir , Biliş Serkan , Milea Alexandru
Published: March 2021

Range throughout Turkey in this paper, the author trained the continuous neural networks, and used a total of 4,000 fundus images, including images with different degrees of fundus disorders and images without disorders, so that CNN can detect whether the patient has hypertension and arteriosclerosis according to macular degeneration in the fundus images. In order to obtain more effective results from the deep learning structure using convolutional neural network, this paper prepared more data sets on the basis of Turkey, combined with the local data sets to educate the deep learning model, so as to integrate the data globally, which can help standardize the results and improve the accuracy. The system is used to diagnose retinal vascular degeneration, such as fundus vascular disease and macular edema disease. Based on this basic understanding, the research has been used for the detection and classification of hypertensive retinopathy that has similar causes. The author also points out the limitations of the system. Among them, the most important limitation is the need for long-term financial sustainability.
Recognition of Student Classroom Behaviors Based on Moving Target Detection
Authors: Wu Bin , Wang Chunmei , Huang Wei , Huang Da , Peng Hang
Published: March 2021

Classroom teaching, as the basic form of teaching, provides students with an important channel to acquire information and skills. The academic performance of students can be evaluated and predicted objectively based on the data on their classroom behaviors. Considering the complexity of classroom environment, this paper firstly envisages a moving target detection algorithm for student behavior recognition in class. Based on region of interest (ROI) and face tracking, the authors proposed two algorithms to recognize the standing behavior of students in class. Moreover, a recognition algorithm was developed for hand raising in class based on skin color detection. Through experiments, the proposed algorithms were proved as effective in recognition of student classroom behaviors.
Classification of Pitch and Gender of Speakers for Forensic Speaker Recognition from Disguised Voices Using Novel Features Learned by Deep Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Nair Athulya M. Swamidasan Unni , Savithri Sathidevi P.
Published: March 2021

Voice disguise is a major concern in forensic automatic speaker recognition (FASR). Classifying the type of disguise is very important for speaker recognition. Pitch disguise is a very common type of disguise that criminals try to attempt. Among the different types of disguises, high pitch and low pitch voices show more distortion. The features that are robust for high pitch and low pitch voices are different. Moreover, the effect of disguise on male and female voices are also different. In this work, we classified high pitch and low pitch disguised voices for male and female voices using a novel set of features. We arranged Mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC), ΔMFCC, and ΔΔMFCC features as three-dimensional features, and these are given as the RGB equivalent spectrogram inputs to pretrained AlexNet deep convolutional neural network (DCNN). We fused the AlexNet output features with corresponding MFCC correlation features. These fused features are the proposed novel features for disguise classification. Classification using neural network (NN) and support vector machine (SVM) classifiers are performed. Simulation results show that classification with SVM classifier using these novel features gives improved accuracy of 98.89% compared to 95.99% accuracy obtained by using DCNN output features using traditional spectrogram inputs.
Analysis on Food Crispness Based on Time and Frequency Domain Features of Acoustic Signal
Authors: Chen Li , Ding Jianfeng
Published: March 2021

Crispness is an important indicator of crunchy food. However, it cannot be easily quantified by sensory evaluation, due to the high subjectivity of evaluators; instrument measurement of this indicator requires much manpower and time. To improve the efficiency of food crispness prediction, this paper attempts to build a rapid, convenient, and accurate crispness analysis model. Starting with the fracturing sound of crunchy food, the authors collected the fracturing acoustic signal, conducted wavelet denoising, analyzed the eigenvalues in time and frequency domains, and constructed crispness prediction models based on multiple linear regression (MLR) and neural network, respectively. Through fracturing test and acoustic test, cluster analysis was adopted to select the typical eigenvalues of acoustic signal, including the peak amplitude of power spectral density (PSD) curve, amplitude difference, and waveform index. Based on these eigenvalues, a crispness analysis model was established, and used to predict the crispness of four kinds of food, namely, potato, sweet potato, carrot, and turnip. The results show that the BP neural network had a smaller relative error than the MLR; when the threshold was 5%, the BP neural network maintained a prediction accuracy of >90%, and achieved 100% prediction accuracy on two types of food. To sum up, this paper reveals the relationship between the food chewing sound features and food quality, laying the theoretical basis for the research of food chewing sound mechanism.
Rola dynamicznych wskaźników płynności finansowej w zarządzaniu przedsiębiorstwem
Authors: Białas Katarzyna
Published: March 2021

Cel – Celem artykułu jest wskazanie roli i znaczenia danych dotyczących płynności finansowej uzyskanych za poprzez statyczne wskaźniki płynności a alternatywne, dynamiczne wskaźniki płynności finansowej, z punktu widzenia kadry zarządzającej przedsiębiorstwem.Metodologia badań – W artykule dokonana została analiza danych finansowych spółki X notowanej na GPW w Warszawie, z punktu widzenia zarządzania posiadaną płynnością finansową. Analiza ta została przeprowadzona w dwóch podejściach: statycznym i dynamicznym.Wynik – Badanie pozwoliło ocenić przydatność informacyjną danych wskaźników, z punktu widzenia kadry zarządzającej oraz strategicznego zarządzania środkami pieniężnymi w kontekście maksymalizacji zysku dla właścicieli.Oryginalność/wartość – Przedstawione badanie pozwoliło ocenić, czy wartości wskaźnikowe w adekwatny sposób odzwierciedlają sytuację bieżącą przedsiębiorstwa. Informacje te pozwalają kadrze zarządzającej na racjonalne zarządzania finansami, które umożliwia terminową spłatę zobowiązań, finansowanie inwestycji i długoterminowego rozwoju na rynku.
Bankacılık Sektöründe Bulanık Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi ve Bulanık TOPSIS Yöntemleri ile Finansal Performans Değerlendirmesi
Authors: Gülsün Bahadir , Erdoğmuş Kevser Neslihan
Published: March 2021

Ülke ekonomisi üzerinde önemli etkiye sahip olan bankacılık sektöründe artan riskler, belirsizlikler ve rekabetler sebebi ile bankaların performans değerlendirme çalışmaları gün geçtikçe daha çok önem kazanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada bankaların finansal performanslarını etkileyen kriterler ele alınarak kriter açıklamalarına detaylı bir şekilde yer verilmiştir. İlgili kriterler bazında, 2013-2018 yılları için Türkiye Bankalar Birliği’nden alınan raporlara göre aktif büyüklük sıralamasında ilk sekiz bankanın Bulanık AHP ve Bulanık TOPSIS yöntemleri kullanılarak finansal performans değerlendirmesi yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışma kapsamında bir çalışma grubu oluşturulmuş olup, ilgili çalışma grubu tarafından finansal performansı etkileyen kriterler ve bu kriterleri etkileyen alt kriterler birbirleri ile karşılaştırılarak analiz edilmiş ve kriter önem dereceleri Bulanık AHP yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Kriterlerin önem derecelerinin belirlenmesi sonrası belirli kriterler için ilgili çalışma grubuna anket çalışması uygulanmış ve anket sonuçları Bulanık TOPSIS ve Bulanık AHP yöntemleri değerlendirilerek banka performanslarının karşılaştırılması yapılmıştır.
Alçı Sıkılama Yöntemi için Arazide Uygulama Kolaylığının Araştırılması
Authors: Cevizci Halim , Sürücüoğlu Harun
Published: March 2021

Ciddî oranda kârlılığı ispatlanmış olan, ancak arazide uygulama zorluğu nedeniyle yaygınlaşmayan alçı sıkılama yönteminin basit makine veya ekipmanlarla uygulama kolaylığı araştırılmıştır. Ülkemizde ve dünyada patlatma ekonomisi ve iş hacmi ciddî seviyelerdedir. Bu yüzden, daha verimli bir patlatma büyük kârlar sağlar. Alçı sıkılamanın kireçtaşı ocaklarında yaklaşık delme – patlatma maliyetlerinde %30 kâr sağladığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu yüzden uygulanması çok ciddi kar sağlayacaktır. Alçı sıkılama uygulamasının kolaylaştırılmasını sağlamak amacıyla, değişik ekipmanlarla uygulama gerçekleştirilmiştir. Alçı sıkılama, taş tozu sıkılamaya göre daha zor olsa da sağladığı kâr, uygulama zorluluğundan kat kat fazladır. Basit makine veya ekipmanlarla alçı sıkılama yöntemi fazla zorlanmadan gerçekleştirilebilmiştir. Böylece, düşük maliyetle, büyük kârlar sağlanabilecektir.
İnşaat Asansörleri İstikamet Makaralarında Kullanılan Farklı Çelik Malzemelerin Aşınmalarının İncelenmesi
Authors: Kılınç Ünal , Güven Şevki
Published: March 2021

Bu çalışmada, inşaat yük asansörlerinin istikamet makaralarında farklı çelik malzemelerin kullanılmasının, makara üzerinde oluşan aşınma miktarına etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada, inşaat yük asansörlerinin istikamet makaralarında kullanılacak en uygun malzemeyi seçmek hedeflenmiştir. İstikamet makaraları, SAE (AISI) 4140, SAE (AISI) 8620 ve SAE (AISI) 1040 çeliklerinden imal edilerek yağsız kuru sürtünme şartlarında aşınmaya maruz bırakılmıştır. İmal edilen istikamet makaraları farklı noktasal temas sayılarında test edilmiştir. Aşınan yüzeyler ve aşınma partikülleri fiziksel olarak incelenmiştir ve aşınma mekanizması tespit edilmiştir. Bir hassas terazi yardımıyla aşınmadan kaynaklanan ağırlık kaybı ölçülmüştür. Ölçülen ağırlık miktarları, çelikler arasında karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, inşaat yük asansörlerinde kullanılan istikamet makaralarında aşınma mekanizması, yorulma aşınması olarak saptanmıştır. Sertlik değerlerinin yakın olmasına rağmen, aşınma miktarları farklı bulunmuştur.
Kamu Yapılarının Hurda Karşılığı Yıkımı ve Kamu Gelirlerine Katkısı
Authors: Öz Burak , Anbarcı Murat
Published: March 2021

Bu çalışmada, Avrupa Birliği Ülkelerinde ve Ülkemizdeki inşaat ve yıkıntı atıklarının tekrar kullanımı, geri dönüşümü ve yıkıntı malzemelerin geri kazanımıyla ilgili genel bilgiler verilmiş ve kamu binalarının hurda karşılığı yıktırılması süreci analiz edilerek buradan elde edilecek kamu gelirinin artırılmasına yönelik çözüm önerilerinin sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Kamu idarelerinin 2016 ile 2020 yılları arasında yapmış oldukları tüm hurda karşılığı yıkım işleri incelenmiştir. İhaleye çıkılan iki yüz beş (205) iş için ilgili kamu idareleriyle temasa geçilerek yapmış oldukları işler ile ilgili sözleşme bedelleri ile bu işlerin muhammen bedel hesaplama yöntemine ilişkin bilgiler talep edilmiştir. Elli dokuz işle ilgili elde edilmiş verilerin değerlendirilmesi sonucunda muhammen bedelin hesaplanmasında farklı yöntemler kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Bunlar; metraj hesabı yapılmış ve kamu kurumlarının yayımladıkları birim fiyatlar kullanılmış, metraj hesabı yapılmış ve birim fiyatlar için piyasa araştırması yapılmış, sadece piyasa araştırması yapılmış veya ihaleye çıkacak idare kendi tecrübesine dayanarak tahminde bulunmuştur. İhalesi yapılıp sözleşmeye bağlanan işlerde muhammen bedel ile sözleşme bedeli arasında ciddi dalgalanmalar olduğu ancak bu durumun muhammen bedel hesaplama yöntemiyle bir ilişkisinin olmadığı görülmüştür. Yaptığımız değerlendirmede, muhammen bedelin değerinden çok altında tahmin edilmesi ve ihalede yeterli rekabetin oluşmaması durumunda kamu gelirinde ciddi kayıplar meydana gelebileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Molecular Dynamics and MM-PBSA Studies for Deciphering Molecular Interactions of Valproic Acid with CYP2C9 Mutants F114L and I207T
Authors: Timuçin Ahmet Can
Published: March 2021

Valproic Acid (VPA) is a widely used drug, particularly in neuropsychiatric disorders, while showing promise in other types of diseases such as cancer. VPA metabolism via cytochrome P450 (CYP) pathway is responsible from only ~10% of the total drug dose. However, due to high risk of severe adverse reactions in liver and pancreas, interaction of VPA with CYP2C9 remains to be delineated chiefly in CYP2C9 mutants. Hence, here we implemented a molecular dynamics study, followed by MM-PBSA (Molecular Mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area) method based relative binding energy estimation to understand how F114L and I207T CYP2C9 mutants changed their binding mode towards VPA in comparison to wild type (WT) CYP2C9. Results indicated that while F114L and I207T mutants have showed significant decrease in total relative binding energy, compared with WT, there were a clear shift of occupied amino acids responsible for VPA interaction in mutants vs WT. Overall, here for the first time in literature, this novel shift of VPA interacting amino acids in F114L and I207T mutants were reported. Limitations and future perspective of the data were also discussed.
Kentsel-Kamusal Mekânların Kullanılabilirliği Üzerine Bir Araştırma: Nazilli Atatürk Parkı Örneği
Authors: Baykurt Gamze , Kara Barış
Published: March 2021

İnsanlar kentlerde rekreasyonel gereksinimlerini karşılayacakları, böylece fiziksel ve ruhsal açıdan yenilenecekleri açık-yeşil alanlara ihtiyaç duyarlar. Kent parkları insanların rekreasyonel gereksinimlerini karşılayan aynı zamanda kentlerin kendilerine özgü yapısal ve bitkisel öğelerini barındıran açık-yeşil alanlardır. Kent parkları ekolojik özellikleri ile kentlilere doğa ile buluşma fırsatı sunarken, mekânsal özellikleri ile de fiziksel aktivite olanağı sunmaktadır. Kent parkları aynı zamanda sanatsal ve kültürel faaliyetlerin yapıldığı ve sosyal iletişimin kurulduğu mekânlardır. Bu araştırmada Aydın ili Nazilli ilçesindeki Atatürk Parkı kullanılabilirlik açısından incelenmiştir. Anketlerin yorumlanması ile park kullanıcılarının Atatürk parkı hakkındaki görüşleri, parkla ilgili memnuniyet düzeyleri ve parkın yeterlilik durumuna yönelik düşünceleri değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, Nazilli’de Atatürk Parkının en çok kullanılan/tercih edilen park olmasının yanı sıra memnuniyeti sağlayamayan özelliklere de sahip olduğu görülmektedir.
Evrişimli Sinir Ağları ile Mantar Görüntülerinden Mantar Türlerinin Transfer Öğrenme Yöntemiyle Tanımlanması
Authors: Elmas Bahadır
Published: March 2021

Evrişimli sinir ağlarıyla mantarların tanımlanması; hayatî açıdan önemli mantarların koruma altına alınmasında ve mantar kaynaklarının sürdürülebilir yönetim planlarının yapılmasında oldukça önemlidir Ayrıca, zehirli mantarların tespit edilmesinde, mantar yetiştiricileri ile toplayıcıların mantarları tanımlamasında yararlı olabilecek bir problem çözümüdür. Mantar şapkaları döküntü, leke, pul, kuşak, yiv, özgün desen ve renk gibi çok sayıda ayırt edici özelliği sahiptirler. Bu nedenle şapka görüntülerinin Lamel, Yüzük, Sap ve Volva görüntülerine göre tanımlamaya daha çok katkısı olacağı düşünülmüştür. Bunun yanı sıra mevcut veri setleri evrişimli sinir ağları’nı eğitmek için yetersiz veya düzensizdir. Bu tezleri ispat etmek ve çalışmalara katkı sağlamak amacıyla, 18 aile ait 472 sınıfın görüntülerini içeren üç adet yeni veri seti oluşturulmuştur. Düzensiz veri seti 148318, düzenlenmiş Şapka, Lamel, Yüzük, Sap ve Volva görüntülerini içeren veri seti 97450 görüntü içermektedir. Düzenlenerek oluşturulmuş mantar şapka görüntüleri ise 65419 görüntüden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmada 6 evrişimli sinir ağı, transfer öğrenme yöntemi kullanılarak eğitilmiştir. Düzenlenmiş mantar şapka veri setiyle eğitilmiş en başarılı ağın doğruluk oranı %97.62’dir. Bu veri setinin görüntü sayısı, birinci veri setine göre %44, ikinci veri setine göre %32 daha az olmasına rağmen başarı oranı birinci veri setine göre %26.53, ikinci veri setine göre %14.5 daha iyidir.
Grup Karşılaştırmalarında Alternatif Bir Yaklaşım Olarak ANOM Testi
Authors: Özaltındiş Turgut , Köse Ali Mertcan , Özdamar Elif Özge
Published: March 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı tüm grupların aynı anda eşit olmasına ve alternatif hipotez olarak en az birinin farklı olmasına ilişkin hipotez testinde ANOVA veya Kruskal Wallis yöntemine alternatif bir yaklaşım olarak Standart ANOM veya Parametrik Olmayan ANOM testinin kullanılabilir olduğunu göstermektir. Veriler YÖK resmi istatistik sayfasından alınmış olup, 6 fakülte arasında öğrenci, öğretim üyesi sayısı ve öğretim üyesi başına düşen öğrenci sayısı açısından fark olup olmadığı hipotezleri R yazılımı ”ANOM” paketi kullanılarak test edilmiştir. Verilerin normal dağılıma uygun olmamasından dolayı, Parametrik Olmayan ANOM testi kullanılmıştır. Parametrik Olmayan ANOM’a göre Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi (p=0,023) ve Fen Edebiyat Fakültesindeki (p=0,033) öğrenci sayısı genel ortalamaya göre yüksek; Tıp Fakültesi ve Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi (p<0,001) ise genel ortalamaya göre düşük bulunmuştur. Tıp Fakültesi (p<0,001) ve Fen Edebiyat Fakültesindeki (p=0,004) öğretim üyesi sayısı genel ortalamaya göre yüksek; İktisadi-İdari Bilimler Fakültesi (p<0,001) ve Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi (p<0,001) ise genel ortalamaya göre düşük bulunmuştur. Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi (p=0,001) ve İktisadi-İdari Bilimler Fakültesindeki (p<0,001) öğretim üyesi başına düşen öğrenci sayısı genel ortalamaya göre yüksek; Tıp Fakültesi (p<0,001) ise genel ortalamaya göre düşük bulunmuştur. Parametrik Olmayan ANOM sonuçları ile Kruskal Wallis sonuçları birbirinden farklı bulunmuştur.
Tokat-Turhal Karayolunun Güvenlik Teftişinin iRAP Yöntemiyle Yapılması
Authors: Yakar Ferit
Published: March 2021

Karayollarının; tasarım aşamasından başlayarak yapım ve işletim aşamalarında bu alanda özel yetişmiş uzmanlar tarafından güvenlik açısından incelenmesi, tehlikeli kesimlerin belirlenmesi ve iyileştirilmelerin yapılması için çok önemli fırsatlar sunmaktadır. Halen dünyada pek çok ülkede uygulanmakta olan Yol Güvenlik Etüdü (YGE), ülkemizde ise henüz yeterli önemi görmemiş ve sistematik bir şekilde kullanılmaya başlanmamıştır. Bu çalışmada, YGE kavramı hakkında genel bilgi verildikten sonra, mevcut yolların trafik güvenliği açısından incelenmesini ifade eden Yol Güvenlik Teftişi (YGT) kavramı üzerinde durulmuştur. YGT'nin Türkiye'de ve dünyadaki durumu hakkında bilgiler verildikten sonra YGT yapımı için sistematik bir çerçeve sunan iRAP (International Road Assessment Program) sistemi hakkında detaylı bilgiler sunulmuştur. Çalışmanın son bölümünde, iRAP sisteminin içerisindeki ViDA yazılımı kullanılarak Turhal-Tokat karayolunun güvenlik teftişi yapılmıştır. iRAP sisteminin; YGT yapılması için kullanılabilecek uygulanabilir bir sistem olduğu, bu amaçla öncelikle yetişmiş insan ve donanım/yazılım altyapısının hazırlanması gerektiği, sonraki aşamada ise mevcut karayolu ağı belirli bir plan dahilinde YGT işleminden geçirilerek tespit edilen iyileştirmelerin yapılması gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Trisomy of 1q31.3q42.12 Chromosome: Case Report
Authors: SOLGUN Selma , CANBAY DURMAZ Sevda , ÖZBAĞ Davut , ATEŞOĞLU KARABAŞ Sibel
Published: March 2021

Chromosome 1q duplication is one of the rare congenital anomalies accompanied by numerous visceral organ anomalies, dysmorphism, and psychomotor retardation. Our case is an 8-year-old male patient with 1q31.3q42.12 trisomy. The patient was brought to our rehabilitation center because he couldn't able to go up and down stairs and slopes without support also he couldn’t run and jump. The patient receives physical therapy service for kyphotic posture, speech therapy for speech and drooling problems, and special education support for mild cognitive impairment. Our aim is to describe the dysmorphic features and posture examination of an 8-year-old male patient with chromosome 1q31.3q42.12 trisomy. In lateral, anterior and posterior posture examination, various anatomic and dysmorphic problems were observed on the patient. To improve the life quality and comfort of the patient, it should be prepared necessary treatment plans for this patients.
IS SERUM FERRITIN LEVEL DIFFERENT BETWEEN HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS AND NEWLY DIAGNOSED PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS?: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY
Authors: SUNAR Veli
Published: March 2021

Introduction: This study aims to evaluate whether serum ferritin levels differ between recently diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and healthy controls, and to assess the relationship between serum ferritin level, insulin resistance and metabolic control in patients with type 2 DM.

Material and methods: This study included 40 patients with recently diagnosed type 2 DM and 40 healthy controls. The Homeostasis Model Assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) score was used for evaluation of insulin resistance. HOMA-IR scores ≥2.7 were accepted as insulin resistance. The patient and control groups were compared in terms of age, gender, BMI, serum ferritin, insulin, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR scores. If ferritin levels correlated with other parameters was assessed in the patient group. Furthermore, patients with good (HbA1c
Evaluation of the Clinical Indications and Surgical Methods in Patients Who Underwent Adrenalectomy
Authors: DURHAN Abdullah , SÜLEYMAN Marlen
Published: March 2021

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical surgical indications, surgical method selection criteria, and histopathological results of patients who were operated on with the diagnosis of adrenal mass in our general surgery clinic.

Material and method: A retrospective analysis was made of the data retrieved from the hospital database of patients who underwent surgery for adrenal mass in our general surgery clinic between January 2016 and January 2021. The data examined included demographic characteristics, American Anesthesiologists Association (ASA) score, preoperative clinical diagnosis, surgical technique, perioperative complications, duration of hospital stay, and histopathological results.

Results: A total of 16 patients underwent surgery for a diagnosis of adrenal mass in the specified study period. The patients comprised 13 (81.25%) females and 3 (18.75%) males with a mean age of 50.31 ± 15.06 years, and mean ASA score of 1.87 ± 0.61. Surgery was performed by open adrenalectomy (OA) in 3 (18.75%) cases and laparoscopic transperitoneal lateral adrenalectomy (LTLA) in 13 (81.25%) cases. The preoperative clinical diagnosis was functional tumour in 10 (62.5%) patients and non-functional mass in 6 (37.5%).

Conclusion: Although adrenal gland tumors are extremely rare, a multidisciplinary approach is very important at the stages of diagnosis, surgical method selection, and postoperative follow-up. Surgeons should select the surgical method in which they are most experienced and trained, to be able to obtain the best results considering the risk factors.
Museums and Heritage Sites — The Missing Link in Smart City Planning: A Case Study of Pune City, India
Authors: Gandhi Poonam , Ravi Chaitanya , Pathak Prasad , Jalihal Smriti
Published: March 2021

The process of urbanisation has dramatically increased in India in recent years. The Government of India launched Smart City Mission in 2015 which was intended to transform 100 cities into smart cities. The focus of our research is one such city in India on its path to smartification. Pune’s smart city mission focuses on techno-infrastructural development to increase mobility and digital connectivity. Social-cultural and historical indicators are not considered an integral part of this development. Given this, does the smart city mission of Pune privilege the techno-infrastructural development of a city over its social and cultural development?  In this paper, we identify museums and heritage sites in Pune as signifiers of a city's culture and analyse metro development plans through GIS to understand whether the museums' current geography mentioned above and heritage sites require alignment with Pune’s planned smart city mission. The research shows that the quest to ‘upgrade’ and ‘modernise’ is not adequately aligned with the role of key historic-cultural institutions such as museums and heritage sites. The case of Pune city shows that, without careful and inclusive development plan, a full roll-out of the smart city project will exclude a large number of historical and cultural spaces such as museums and heritage sites from emerging as an integral part of smart cities across the country and render them peripheral to modern urban life.
Exploring the Language of Vernacular Architecture in Today’s Context: A Case of ‘Kavunji,’ India
Authors: Ramaraj Arulmalar , Selvaraj Catherine , Venkata Varadan Sanghavi
Published: March 2021

Globalisation, urbanisation, human neglect, socio-economic conditions, discontinuity, weather and climate have been identified from literature studies as the root causes hindering the vernacular architecture. The objective of this article is to explore such causes and impacts on vernacular architecture. For this purpose, ‘Kavunji’a village near Kodaikanal, Tamilnadu is identified. Due to the geographical location and the landform, the vernacular architecture in this village is recently undergoing modifications and extensions. To comprehend the salient characteristics of vernacular architecture, six typologies were identified. The thrust of this paper is to explore the reasons that contributed to modifications and additions in dwelling units and effects on the people’s attitude towards the maintenance of the built environment and form at regular intervals is declining rapidly as it requires tremendous efforts, fiscal resources, energy, and time. As a result, people are utilising modern materials to modify and extend the existing dwelling units, completely ignoring the essence of the context. The authors have identified syntactic analysis as a potential tool to comprehend the changes in the spatial relationship. With this as the focus, dwelling units limited to two-storeys with and without modifications were identified for an in-depth study. The semi-public space thinnai at the main entrance from the street is converted into a bathing space. Besides, additions of rooms occur only on the rear side of the dwelling unit. From this study, the authors reinstate that syntactic analysis effectively explores and interprets the efficiency of the spatial layout in dwelling units that have undergone modifications and additions.
Sarah Everard & Nirbhaya: Comparisions and Commonalities
Authors: Bhattacharyya Rituparna
Published: March 2021

This brief communication in the form of the editorial attempts to draw out the parallels between two grisly incidents in two parts of the world. However, the vertiginous ferocity of the incidents jostled outrage across the nations— Sarah Everard’s kidnap and murder on 03 March 2021 and barbarity on Nirbhaya through gang-rape and subsequent murder in December 2012. Both the cases unveil an underlying culture of misogyny.  The question remains how do we tackle misogyny. Perhaps, deployment of Ubuntu through community engagement is a way forward to magnify respect for women via-à-vis respect for humanity.
Life Skill Education: Enhancing Empowerment among Rural Primary School Children in Gujarat, India
Authors: Thomas Bigi , Rajdeep Chandrik
Published: March 2021

At a time when there is an unprecedented surge in reported cases of abuses against children in its all forms in India and the legal, social as well as educational system continue to fail in either protecting them or empowering them to face their challenges, it is essential to equip them to learn life skills because such initiatives provide the children with a variety of alternative and creative ways of solving problems of everyday life. In this study, the authors attempt to assess the changes witnessed among rural primary school children after three months of life skill education. Improvement in their communication, participation, perception, values, behaviour, and academic performance was included in the assessment areas. Activity-based participatory learning techniques like games, role plays, drama, drawing, and reflections were included in the modules of life skills, which were used in teaching them in a non-threatening atmosphere. The experiential learning method, which gives opportunities to the subjects to have a first-hand encounter with the phenomenon under consideration instead of simply imagining the situation or merely looking into the prospect of doing something about it, helped children to have a clear understanding about these life skills and its applicability in real-life situations. Reflective sessions after hearing, observing, and practicing each skill, enabled children to think loudly about their performances and understanding about each session. Children could learn a lot from others’ viewpoints, observations, and ideas too.  Detailed narration with specific activities as well as games practiced, of each module of life skill education taught to children is included in this study. Results proved that there is an improvement in life skills among children in the areas of communication, participation, perceptions, and values after having life skill education.
Interpretation of Symbols, Veneration and Divine Attributes in Dieng Temple Complex, Central Java
Authors: Surpi Ni Kadek , Avalokitesvari Ni Nyoman Ayu Nikki , Sandi Untara I Made Gami , Sudarsana I Ketut
Published: March 2021

This study aims to discuss the divine symbols and attributes used as a medium of worship in the Dieng Plateau. The research was phased in according to Wallace's empirical cycle and was conducted in the Dieng Plateau, Central Java, Indonesia, a spiritual centre in ancient Java. The discovery of the Śiva Triśirah statue in the Dieng Temple Complex reveals new things in the past Hindu Nusantara Theology construction. Several divine symbols and attributes are served as a medium of worship at the Temple Complex in the Dieng Plateau. The concept of Deity in the Dieng Plateau is Śivaistic in character with the worship of Lord Śiva Triśirah, that is, Śiva with three faces and four hands, as the Supreme Deity. However, some divine symbols and attributes also serve as a medium of worship and connected to divinity. In Hinduism, the sacred symbols and attributes of God are inseparable. Divine attributes generally define God. In the discussion of theology, God is described with various excellent attributes. The central divine attributes found are as follows: Omnipotence, Creatorship, Omniscience, Eternity and Omnipresence, Personhood, Goodness⁄ Perfection, Non-Physicality, Necessary, Existence, Simplicity, Immutability, and Impassibility. These divine attributes are depicted in various forms of sacred symbols found in the Dieng Plateau.
A lecture on mind (preface and notes by Andrei D. Maidansky)
Authors: Ilyenkov Edvard V.
Published: March 2021

The archive of the Soviet Marxist philosopher Evald Ilyenkov contains a draft of a lecture on the nature of human mind. This was one of the lectures that Ilyenkov gave for senior students of the philosophical faculty at Moscow State University in 1953–1955. His thought runs counter to the concept of the mind as a function of the brain that “copies and photographs” the outside world by means of the senses (an understanding that dominated the Soviet philosophy). Ilyenkov asserts that the conscious mind is formed through the work of the logical categories, which constitute the social reason. In the Foreword to the publication, a parallel is drawn between the criticism of the sensationalist model of mind by Ilyenkov and Wilfrid Sellars, the founder of the “analytic philosophy of mind”. Both philosophers place language between “raw” sensual perceptions and the human mind. However, for Sellars language is the creator of the conscious mind, whereas for Ilyenkov language is only an instrument of reason, which allows it to pick out the perceptions that are significant for other people filtering away everything else. The logical structure of language is determined by the categories of the singular and the universal, by affirmation and negation, cause and effect, etc. With the help of the categories of reason, an individual transforms their sensual impressions into “facts of consciousness”. Active focusing on the similarities and differences of sensible objects, on how one perception follows another, etc. constitutes the primary activity of will. Ilyenkov points out that this purposefulness of sensory contemplation is what distinguishes man from animals. If language forms the first “floor” of consciousness, then its upper “floor” is logical thinking. The latter discovers causal relationships of things and the laws of nature. The contents of such thought do not depend on will and consciousness, they are objectively true.
Articles from the“Encyclopedia of Artistic Sciences” (ed. by E.A. Takho-Godi)
Authors: Losev Alexei F. , Takho-Godi Elena A.
Published: March 2021

The publication covers an obscure episode from the scientific biography of the great Russian philosopher Alexei Losev related to his work in the 1920s at the State Academy of Artistic Sciences (GAKhN). For the first time, Losev’s thirteen articles from Research Department of manuscripts of the Russian State Library [f. 81 (State Academy of art studies), inv. 26, item 1] are put into scientific circulation: “Antiquity”, “Apollinism”, “Harmony”, “Dionysism”, “Callistics”, “Calocagathia”, “Catharsis”, “Cosmic feeling”, “Cosmos”, “Logos”, “Mania”, “Mathematics and art”, “Melos”. This articles were written in the second half of the 1920s and were intended for a publishing project of the State Academy of Artistic Sciences – the first volume of the multi-volume “Encyclopedia of Artistic Sciences”, conceived in 1922 as a “Dictionary of Artistic Terminology”. The project was never realized. The topics of the articles reflect the range of the scientific problems that interested Losev in the 1920s as well as his special attention to the study of terminology, which found its full implementation in the 1970 – 1980s during the work on “The History of Classical Aesthetics”.
Against metaphysical retributivism
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Seregin Andrei V.
Published: March 2021

The paper offers an argument against metaphysical retributivism, i.e. the belief that the ex­istence of physical evil (suffering) can be causally explained and normatively justified by being interpreted as a just punishment for the moral evil committed by those who suffer. First, the author introduces a disjunctive distinction between the humanistic and the non-humanistic normative theories of moral good and evil. Then, he justifies his anti-retribu­tivist thesis with regard to both of these alternatives. The humanistic theories, according to which an activity can only be morally evil due to the fact that it inflicts physical evil on other agents, logically imply that physical evil is a precondition of moral evil and, there­fore, cannot just be one of its consequences. This is demonstrated with respect both to the linear (e.g. “abrahamic”) metaphysical scenarios and the circular ones (e.g. ancient or eso­teric). Besides, according to these theories, the infliction of very intensive physical evil presupposed by metaphysical retributivism cannot be morally justified even if it is for­mally just. On the other hand, the non-humanistic normative theories logically imply that the very content of the notion of moral evil is in no way related to the notion of physical evil. However, in that case moral and physical evil are essentially heterogeneous and in­commensurable. Therefore, one cannot establish a proportional correlation between them which is a necessary prerequisite for a just and morally justified retribution.
Horizons of memory: childhood memoriesas an experience of figurative comprehension of timein the philosophy of Walter Benjamin
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg State University, Institute of Philosoph, Drikker Alexander S. , Koval Oxana A. ,   Russian Christian Humanitarian Academy
Published: March 2021

The article outlines Walter Benjamin’s philosophical theory of time, which formed the ba­sis of his conception of history. It is a famous alternative to a number of existing models. Benjamin’s approach to understanding time is characterized by a unique methodology. It is based on artistic images and not on abstract categories and linear patterns of a philosophi­cal and historical discourse. On the one hand, such images allow Benjamin to capture the characteristic properties of a concrete time, which are often difficult for historical sci­ence to grasp, and on the other hand, they make a strong impression on the reader because they require an emotional involvement in the text. The book “Berlin childhood around 1900”, often attributed to the genre of a poetic prose, is a visual representation of Ben­jamin’s philosophical ideas. The fragmentary style of narration and its metaphorical nature are intended to demonstrate a different way of experiencing the present moment – when the signs of the future clearly appear in the fragments of the past. The fusion of all three temporal modes in an instant he calls “Jetztzeit” (just now), which is difficult to articulate in the language of rational metaphysics, is embodied in the allegories of “Berlin child­hood”. Selected fragments of this work are analyzed in the present paper. They capture each of the three time dimensions in the current “now” mode: the fragment “The otter” symbolizes the past, “Loggias” symbolizes the future and “The sock” symbolizes the present. Childhood memories, which do not usually appear in philosophical reflec­tions, serve as a source of the birth of images: on the one hand, they supply sensual mate­rial from personal experience, on the other hand, they suggest a synthesizing principle, be­cause a child is more sensitive to the unity of fiction and reality. Benjamin’s “memorial letter”, seen from this angle, turns out to be a strategy to think poetically about the world, time, and history.
Chaadaev’s work and its interpretationin the intellectual culture of the Silver Age
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Zhukova Olga A.
Published: March 2021

Peter Y. Chaadaev (1794‒1856) is a key figure of Russian philosophy. His experience of theorizing about subjects of the highest order – God, man, knowledge, history, and reli­gion – is still a historical and philosophical problem that does not allow us to fully under­stand the mystery of Chaadaev’s creativity, which has the thickness of a cultural myth. From our point of view, the Chaadaev theme in the history Russian thought is not only the question of what the author of the Philosophical Letters said, in other words, it is not about the explication of his ideas. In our opinion, this is rather a question about the exist­ing discourse about Chaadaev as well as about the perception and understanding of his texts in the context of Russian intellectual and political culture. Philosophers of the Silver Age tried to get close to understanding the deep motives of Chaadaev’s thought. “Chaadaev’s problem” provided Russian intellectuals with a powerful creative impulse prompting them to ask questions about Russia, its history as well as its cultural, civiliza­tional, and political identity.
A new Reading of “The Phenomenology of Spirit”:Brandom on Hegel
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Dzhokhadze Igor D.
Published: March 2021

Robert Brandom in his recently published commentaries to “The Phenomenology of Spirit” tries to re-actualize Hegel’s legacy, linking his speculative dialectics to the twenti­eth-century linguistic philosophy and pragmatism, with the ideas of G. Frege, L. Wittgen­stein, and W. Sellars. His principal focus is on the issue of “the struggle for recognition”. In terms of “mutual” and “symmetric” recognition as a terminus ad quem of social com­munication, Brandom interprets the reciprocal confirmation of the normative statuses of individual subjects acting as equal participants in a collective “game of giving and asking for reasons”. This state of mutual recognition, Brandom maintains, can be achieved through overcoming the subjectivist alienation and egotism characteristic of the moder­nity. The author argues that in his discussion of this issue the American philosopher con­fuses two key concepts used by Hegel in “The Phenomenology of Spirit”: Entfremdung (“alienation”) and Entäußerung (“externalization”). The author claims that by emphasiz­ing the negative side of Entfremdung, Brandom overlooks the meaning of Entäußerung (objectification), which, according to E. Ilyenkov, “is essential to the very definition of ‘Spirit’”.
Education for Sustainable Development
Authors: Tare Meghna
Published: March 2021

In 2003, in response to the United Nations (UN) Decade of Education for Sustainable Development, the United Nations University (UNU) Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability launched a global multi-stakeholder network of Regional Centers of Expertise (RCEs) on education for
sustainable development (ESD). RCEs facilitate multi-sector collaboration and utilize formal, non-formal, and informal education to address sustainable development challenges in local and regional communities. In essence, RCEs are a tool for transformation to a more sustainable society, combining
education and action for sustainable development. As we enter the new "ESD for 2030" decade, RCEs will continue to construct platforms for cross-sectoral dialogue between regional stakeholders and actors to promote and strengthen ESD at the local level. RCEs have committed to helping advance
the five priority areas of action established in the Global Action Program on ESD and the new UN decade "ESD for 2030": advancing policy by mainstreaming ESD, transforming learning and training environments using whole-institution approaches, building capacities of educators and trainers,
empowering and mobilizing youth, and accelerating sustainable solutions at the local level. RCEs are uniquely positioned to serve as shepherds in the realization of the new "ESD for 2030" decade. As of January 2019, 174 RCEs have officially been acknowledged by UNU worldwide, with eight RCEs
in the United States: Georgetown, South Carolina; Grand Rapids, Michigan; Greater Atlanta, Georgia; Greater Burlington, Vermont; Greater Portland, Oregon; North Texas, Texas; Salisbury, Maryland; and Shenandoah Valley, Virginia. RCEs serve an essential role in the achievement of "ESD for 2030"
goals by translating global objectives into the local contexts of our communities.
Collagen-Peptide-Based Drug Delivery Strategies
Authors: Jayaraman Arthi , Price Christopher , Sullivan Millicent O. , Kiick Kristi L.
Published: March 2021

Collagen-targeting strategies have proven to be an effective method for targeting drugs to pathological tissues for treatment of disease. The use of collagen-like peptides for controlling the assembly of drug delivery vehicles, as well as their integration into collagen-containing matrices,
offers significant advantages for tuning the morphologies of assembled structures, their thermoresponsiveness, and the loading and release of both small-molecule and macro-molecular cargo. In this contribution, we summarize the design and development of collagen-peptide-based drug delivery
systems introduced by the Kiick group and detail the expansion of our understanding and the application of these unique molecules through collaborations with experts in computational simulations (Jayaraman), osteoarthritis (Price), and gene delivery (Sullivan). Kiick was inducted as a Fellow
of the National Academy of Inventors in 2019 and was to deliver an address describing the innovations of her research. Given the cancellation of the NAI Annual Meeting as a result of coronavirus travel restrictions, her work based on collagen-peptide-mediated assembly is instead summarized
in this contribution.
Análisis y evaluación de aplicaciones para desarrollar la comunicación en el alumnado con trastorno del espectro autista
Authors: Capel Sánchez María
Published: March 2021

La tecnología de ayuda en la educación de las personas con autismo es esencial para desarrollar su comunicación. Actualmente hay un gran aumento de aplicaciones digitales educativas que resultan ser muy interesantes para ellos, aunque se debe identificar su calidad con los instrumentos adecuados. Por ello, los propósitos generales de la investigación son conocer la situación actual del papel que tienen las tecnologías educativas en la intervención educativa en los estudiantes con autismo y analizar y evaluar qué softwares resultan más adecuados para desarrollar su comunicación.

En esta investigación de tipo descriptivo se realiza un análisis y evaluación de 50 aplicaciones digitales educativas que desarrollan la comunicación en el alumnado que presenta autismo. La recogida de información y análisis de dichas aplicaciones se llevan a cabo por medio de una rúbrica.

Los resultados mostraron que existen 8 aplicaciones con una calidad excelente y 17 con una puntuación adecuada, recomendándose así su uso en intervenciones educativas. Asimismo, se realizó un catálogo con las aplicaciones seleccionadas como recurso útil para docentes y familias.
Simulation through virtual exchange in teacher training
Authors: Angelini María Laura , Muñiz Rut
Published: March 2021

The project presented here reports a learning experience based on virtual exchange and simulation. It aims to know the potential of virtual exchange amongst pre and in-service teachers, and of web-based simulation to broaden the knowledge of future English as a Second Language or Foreign Language teachers (ESL/EFL) on educational issues such as active methodologies, including flipped classroom, shared teaching through Lesson Study, classroom management and the potential of storytelling. For this reason, pre-service teachers in Valencia carry out a simulation through virtual exchanges with future teachers, in-service teachers and university teachers from seven countries: Austria, Norway, Tunisia, the United States, Argentina, England and Romania. Mixed teams are created and a calendar for synchronous meetings is designed through Microsoft Teams. After the exchanges, the pre-service teachers from Valencia hold a reflection session ‘debriefing’ and answer individually a Likert questionnaire about their experience. Furthermore, in-service teachers and university teachers participate in another reflection session to comment on aspects of the proposal. This session, with the contributions from the professionals, gives shape to the following study.
OpenVM MOOCs: a design for self-regulated learning
Authors: Poce Antonella , Amenduni Francesca
Published: March 2021

This paper presents the design of two miniMOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses) Autonomy-driven learning and Self-Regulated Learning (SRL), developed in the Open Virtual Mobility MOOC. The design is based on two concepts: microlearning and SRL. All the MOOC elements were designed to support SRL. From a descriptive and quantitative approach, the research aims to explore participants' satisfaction and their perception on the supporting roles of the miniMOOC for SRL. Data was collected through an online survey through which 375 answers were collected. Results show the general satisfaction of learners with the MOOC design. As for the SRL design gamification and visualization of pathways were more relevant for certain SRL phases such as monitoring learning. OER and related quizzes were useful for all SRL phases. Quizzes especially supported self-reflection. Open Badges supported the forethought phase of SRL. Social elements such as forums and eportfolios obtained the lowest rates in relation to support of SRL. The paper concludes with recommendations for educational research and MOOCs design.