bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Self-Monitoring on Out-Of-Class Reading Behavior
Authors:   , Elniff Ronald
Published: February 2023

The effects of self-monitoring upon the ˜free time” reading behavior of twenty grade school students enrolled in a summer remedial reading course were examined. Two dependent variables were measured: the number of pages read and the difficulty level of the material. The experiment was divided into five stages, the first stage being a baseline obtained by the experimenter without the subjects’ awareness. The second stage was comprised of having the subjects monitor the number of pages read daily. The third stage consisted not only of having the subjects monitor the number of pages read per day, but having the results charted and displayed in the classroom. The fourth stage was a return to baseline, and the fifth and final stage a reinstatement of the self-monitoring plus public charting treatment. The number of pages read per day increased significantly as a function of both experimental treatments (self-monitoring and self-monitoring plus public charting). There was no significant difference between the experimental treatments. While the difficulty level of the material did vary from phase to phase, it did not appear to do so as a function of the experimental treatments.
An Investigation of Eidetic Imagery in Aged Subjects
Authors:   , Bieker Linda
Published: February 2023

The primary purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of cognitive functioning between matched eidetic and noneidetic aged subjects. In addition, the relationships between eidetic imagery, color afterimage, and Necker cube were examined. Fifty-nine individuals, post 65-years of age, served as subjects. Twenty-nine of the subject volunteers resided in rest homes and the remaining 30 subjects lived in housing for the elderly. The underlying hypothesis of the study was that eidetic imagery re-emerges as a function of advancing age. The eidetic imagery, evaluated by performance on the picture description task, was identified in zero participants in the present investigation. As a result, the relationship of eidetic imagery to cognitive functioning, color afterimage, and Necker cube could not be assessed. However, the presence of color afterimage was found to be significantly related to those under the median age (78 years) residing in housing for the elderly. In addition, the absence of Necker cube reversals was significantly related to those above the median age (78 years) from both residences, those above the median age from housing for the elderly, and the total rest home sample. Matched subjects on the Necker task (high frequency of reversal rate versus zero reversals) were administered the Vocabulary and Block Design subtests on the WAIS. No significant relationships were found between the performances of the two matched groups on the WAIS. However, within group differences supported previous research which indicated that the Block Design performance of the elderly decreased while the Vocabulary ability remained intact (Storandt, 1977; Eisdorfer, Busse, and Cohen, as cited in Botwinick, 1978). Because the results of the present investigation of eidetic imagery in the aged failed to support the earlier research of Giray et al. (1978), further research is needed to help determine the factors involved in re-emergence of the phenomenon or to support the results of the present study.
Social Hierarchy in Wintering Harris' Sparrows
Authors:   , Darnell Donald
Published: February 2023

Dominance has a major role in social organization and has probably important survival value. Dominance is important in decreasing conflicts, regulating population densities, foraging, establishment of territories, reproduction, and care of young. The main objectives of the investigation were to determine (1) the order of dominance; (2) whether or not age, sex and body weight were correlated with social dominance; (3) the status of an individual removed for an interval and then reintroduced into the flock; and (4) the effect upon an established hierarchy by introducing birds of same species, and birds of different species. Thirty-six Harris’ Sparrows, twenty-one adults and fifteen immature, were captured and placed in observation cages. Each cage contained six birds. Other species used in the study were White-crowned Sparrows and an Oregon Junco. A social hierarchy of the “peck-right” type exists among Harris’ Sparrows. Peck-orders were of a linear type with some triangles. Reversals in dominance occurred primarily among the more subordinate birds. Age, sex, weight, and residence in the cages showed no relationship with status in the hierarchies. Slightness of molt may have been a factor influencing dominance. Birds reintroduced after intervals of seven to sixteen day returned to their original positions in their social hierarchies. Status of introduced Harris’ Sparrows was dependent upon the aggressiveness of the new birds. The Harris’ Sparrows, White-crowned Sparrows, and an Oregon Junco behaved as a single flock and had an interspecific hierarchy. White-crowns dominated each flock, and the junco was subordinate to each group.
Perspective
Authors:   , Lee Mun
Published: February 2023

Why do we perceive certain objects or designs as good looking? And why do we differ in our opinions? Each person has his/her own perception when defining beauty. It is the task of a graphic designer to create interesting, fun and innovative designs to achieve a consensus of mind with as many people as possible.
The Tiffany Control Scales and Alcohol Abuse : A Discriminant Analysis of Personality Factors
Authors:   , Foley Michael
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this investigation was to assess the ability of the Tiffany Control Scales (TCS) to differentiate between those persons at risk and those persons not at risk for alcohol related problems in their lives. Recent literature indicates there is no adequate screening tool or clinical instrument that does not contain some fundamental different samples (e.g., clinical vs. normal), (b) distinguishing between the sexes, or (c) psychometric weaknesses (e.g., reliability and error rates). A pilot study, conducted by the author, indicated that the TCS was an instrument that could be an accurate discriminator across samples, between sexes, and with a low error rate. A more in-depth assessment was warranted by the results of the pilot study. A historically relevant, and more recent theoretical view of alcohol use and abuse was reviewed, with an emphasis on an interactionist paradigm within which the TCS fits well. The interactionist view point is that people are active and effective participants in a non-deterministic world: A world in which physiological make-up, ecological and environmental influences, and personality variables influence behavior. Data, in the form of responses on the TCS, was gathered from three sources and submitted to discriminant analysis. This, analysis, it was hypothesized, would yield information and about clinically significant personality characteristics that might aid in assessment and treatment for alcohol abuse and alcoholism.
An Algebra of Continued Fractions
Authors:   , Dundas Kay
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this paper is to develop an algebraic system for continued fractions which represent the positive square roots of natural numbers.
The Whirlpool : An Examination of Anti-Platonic Dialogue in the \Scylla and Charybdis\ Episode of James Joyce's Ulysses
Authors:   , Anderson Marlys
Published: February 2023

Since Ulysses was originally published forty-five years ago, it has been the subject of critical interpretations which extend over the whole range of possibilities. One of these possibilities, advanced primarily by Edmund Wilson, is that Ulysses expresses an affirmative philosophy of li£e. Another is that Joyce views the human condition as potentially positive, even though the present condition of his characters is wretched. A third is that Joyce sympathetically presents a pathetic world. Another possibility is that the book is \only a naturalistic Irish comedy, the apotheosis of the bar-room joke,” but this opinion is held seriously only by the Irish themselves. In addition to these a final possibility is that Ulysses asserts pessimism, even nihilism, that it is an attempt to discredit or destroy all traditional values of life and art. According to Kain, the pessimistic interpretation has been the dominant direct and indirect influence on the criticism of Ulysses, for the number of critics who consider it positive is relatively small.
Selected Aspects of the Ecophysiology of Slimflower Scurfpea (Psoralea Tenuiflora Pursh)
Authors:   , Dunn Greg
Published: February 2023

Slimflower scurfpea (Psoralea tenuiflora) was artificially removed from one-half of a grazed area and one-half of a fenced area at six different 180 m2 locations on a loamy upland range site in the Mixed Prairie of west-central Kansas. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of slimflower scurfpea on understory vegetation, water relationships, grazing, and microenvironmental factors.
Perceived Management Style and Staff Nurse Job Satisfaction
Authors:   , Gack Barbara
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of organizational management style and job satisfaction of staff nurses employed in one rural hospital.
Relationships Between Social Skills, Social Support, and Problem Behaviors for Boys in Residential Facilities for Conduct Disorders
Authors:   , Shepherd Matthew
Published: February 2023

Cohen, Sherrod, and Clark (1986) suggested that social support has no real effect on its own, and that it is nothing more than a proxy for social skill. The main aim of the present thesis was to use multidimensional measures to clarify the nature of the relationships between social skill, social support, and problem behaviors in boys in residential facilities for conduct disorders. The main features of the method of the thesis involved having 92 boys and staff members of the residential facilities complete a packet of questionnaires. The boys were asked to complete a measure of their perceived social support and a self-rating of social skills. The staff were asked to complete ratings of the boys' social skills and a checklist to assess the boys' problem behaviors. Correlations were computed between these multidimensional measures. Additionally, multiple regression analyses were performed with problem behaviors as the conceptualized dependent variables. The results indicated a consistent pattern of positive relationships between social skills and social support variables. Few patterns of relationships were found between social support and problem behavior. Consistent patterns of negative relationships were found between the staff ratings of boys' social skills and problem behaviors: clear but less consistent patterns of negative relationships were found between boys' self-ratings of social skills and problem behaviors. When the effect of social skill and social support upon conduct problems was examined, the results indicated that some dimensions of social support and the interaction between social skill and these support dimensions had effects greater than that of social skill alone. The pattern of this interaction suggested that as social skill increased conduct problems decreased, with greater decreases at higher levels of social support. However, at lower levels of social skills, decreases in conduct problems were negligible or nonexistent, regardless of the level of social support. Although the results of the present study need to be replicated, the observed additive and interactive effects of social support provide tentative evidence that. Insofar as affecting conduct problem behaviors, social support is more than a proxy for social skills.
Serving Children Affected by Aids: A Survey of Kansas School Psychologists
Authors:   , Posson Teresa
Published: February 2023

This study surveyed 132 (94 women and 38 men) members of the Kansas Association of School Psychologists (KASP) concerning their levels of involvement in activities related to the education about and risk reduction for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) This research was a partial replication of Peterson and Gettinger's (1991) study, \Involvement in Service Delivery Activities for Children Affected by AIDS: A Survey of Wisconsin School Psychologists\ Due to advances in treatment and the spread of the disease to the heterosexual population, more and more AIDS-infected children will be attending our schools In addition to those infected themselves, many students may have family members who have contracted the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) that leads to AIDS. The National Association of School Psychologists (NASP, 1988) released a position statement affirming the rights of such students to attend school and stating that school psychologists' training may favor their taking an active role in AIDS programs. Participants received a questionnaire requesting demographic and AIDS- related information, their levels of actual and preferred involvement in AIDS-related activities, and apparent barriers to their involvement in these types of activities. Participants were also asked to report what other school personnel, instead of the school psychologist, were involved with activities concerning AIDS in their schools. On a scale from 1 (not involved) to 4 (always involved), it was determined that Kansas school psychologists' level of actual (M = 1.16) and preferred (M = 2.03) involvement in activities related to AIDS was very low. The primary barriers to the school psychologists' involvement were reported as lack of time and the fact that other school personnel (c g, school nurse) were responsible for AIDS-related activities.
Leadership Style of Rural Chief Nurse Executives in Kansas
Authors:   , Schirmer Charlotte
Published: February 2023

Successful nursing leadership requires positive interpersonal qualities, superb critical thinking skills, diverse expertise and knowledge (Allen, 1998). Most importantly, nursing leaders must be flexible, supportive, visionary and highly visible to their staffs. Outhwaite (2003) suggests that any individual who engages within a leadership role needs to initially explore their own values and beliefs and strive to develop their self-awareness. In addition, team members should also engage in the same process, thus enabling them to identify needed changes and to become empowered in the process. The characteristics of rural nursing leaders and rural practice differ from those of their urban counterparts. The leadership style demonstrated by these leaders can impact staff negatively or positively, which ultimately affects the quality of patient care. The purpose of this investigation was to describe leadership styles of rural chief nursing executives in Kansas, and to identify leadership styles that describe the unique characteristics of rural nursing practice and compare the findings in Adams (1993) study. The framework for this investigation was based on Blanchard and Hersey's model of Situational Leadership (Hersey & Blanchard, 1993). Situational Leadership provides a framework or the importance of tile leadership style and behavior exhibited and the readiness of the follower. The research design for this investigation was a descriptive correlational design. Data were collected from 52 chief nursing executives in acute care hospitals in Kansas with 100 beds or less. The survey results were based on the information gathered from the instrument, Leadership Effectiveness and Adaptability Description-Self (LEAD -S) developed by Hersey (1989). Both leadership style and leadership adaptability were measured using the LEAD-S. The results of the LEAD-S analysis revealed that rural chief nurse executives in Kansas chose high relationship leadership styles such as selling and participating. With regards to leadership adaptability, the rural nurse leaders were average in their ability to adapt their leadership style to the readiness level of their followers, which is consistent with the findings in Adams (1993) study.
Aquatic Bodies : Painting-Drawings
Authors:   , Unrein Diana
Published: February 2023

The inspiration for my art is my fascination with water, whether it be the warm clear seas surrounding Cyprus, the synthetic chlorine water found in swimming pools, or the deep, murky, suffocating water of lake reservoirs. I am preoccupied with the human form and their interaction with the environments that they create to the exclusion of almost everything else. I disdain the use of my figures as a narrative device – they are meant to be enjoyed for what they are.
A Comparison of Traditional and Modern Mathematical Results in Grades Eight and Nine, Springfield, Missouri
Authors:   , Clark Kenneth
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to compare the results of teaching mathematics by the traditional approach and the modern approach. The study was limited to Eighth Grade Mathematics and Algebra I, and to those students who attended Glendale High School, Springfield, Missouri. The study consisted of two parts - Eighth Grade Mathematics and Algebra I. In the Eighth Grade Comparison Group, students who had Eighth Grade Mathematics in 1962-63 used a traditional mathematics textbook, and those who had the course in 1963-64 used a modern mathematics textbook. Students were selected from these two groups, and they were matched according to the same I.Q. score determined in grade eight and the same sex. There were 185 matched pairs. In the Algebra I Comparison Group, students who had Algebra I in 1962-63 studied from a traditional Algebra I textbook, and those who had Algebra I in 1963-64 studied from a modern textbook. Students were paired from these two Algebra I groups similar to the method used for pairing the Eighth Grade Mathematics Group. The measures used for comparing mathematics achievement of the Eighth Grade Comparison Group were Ninth Grade Mathematics marks and Verbal Reasoning, Numerical Ability, and Abstract Reasoning parts of the Differential Aptitude Test scores. The measures used for the Algebra I Comparison Group were Geometry marks, and the Mathematics Reasoning and Mathematics Fundamentals part of the California Achievement Test scores. In the Eighth Grade Comparison Group, the Traditional Group showed higher on the more elementary Ninth Grade Mathematics course marks and on the Numerical Ability Test scores. The Modern Group was higher on Algebra I marks, the Verbal Reasoning Test scores, and the Abstract Reasoning Test scores. In the Algebra I Comparison Group, the Traditional Group showed higher on each item compared. There is one important factor that probably favored the Traditional Groups in both Comparison Groups, and that was the fact that the teachers were using the modern mathematics textbooks for the first time; also, modern mathematics was new for many of the teachers. This should have caused the mathematics instruction for the Modern Groups to be somewhat inferior to the instruction for the Traditional Group. It could not be determined just how much this factor altered the results of this study.
Recruitment and Retention of Nurses in Rural Kansas
Authors:   , Reed Diane
Published: February 2023

Obtaining and retaining adequate human resources has always been a major concern for rural hospitals. Present and future trends in supply of health care professionals make recruiting and retaining professionals even more critical, particularly for rural hospitals. The number of nurses practicing in small, rural communities has dropped steadily over the past few years (American Hospital Association, 1992). A sign that a national nursing shortage is occurring includes a registered nurse vacancy rate of 12.7% for hospitals (American Nurses Association, 1991). The federal government expects the total number of nurses in the United States to drop for the next 20 years (American Hospital Association, 1992). It has been suggested that in rural settings, the primary difficulty facing nursing administrators is recruitment and retention of registered nurses (RNs). The purpose of this investigation was to determine if nursing administrators in rural Kansas hospitals perceived there was a shortage of RNs and what factors influenced the recruitment and retention of RNs in their facility. This investigation used a non-experimental descriptive design to partially replicate a study by LaSala (1995). General Systems Theory (von Bertalanffy, 1955) and Kings (1975) Dynamic Interacting Systems approach guided this investigation to determine what relationship rural communities and hospitals have with recruitment and retention of nurses in rural settings. An intact group of nursing administrators in hospitals of less than 100 beds throughout the state of Kansas (N = 100) were mailed a questionnaire, with a response rate of 73%. The investigator found that nursing administrators in rural Kansas hospitals did not identify a shortage of RNs within their facility (60%), Administrators identified word of mouth and newspaper advertisement as the most effective and commonly used recruitment strategy, while retirement plans, flexible scheduling, and health insurance were identified as the most effective retention strategies. Lack of employment opportunities for the RN's spouse, community size, and competing with urban facilities were perceived as the greatest barriers to nursing recruitment with no severe retention barriers identified. This investigation supported the findings of the study it replicated (LaSala, 1995). These findings suggested that recruitment and retention issues in rural-Eastern United States are similar to those in rural-Central United States.
The Identification of Learning Disabled Students in the State of Kansas Utilizing a Curriculum-Based Measurement Model Versus a Traditional Assessment Model
Authors:   , Claeys Joseph
Published: February 2023

The State of Kansas has granted waivers to several special education cooperatives to use alternative methods for determining eligibility for special education. Instead of determining exceptionalities such as a learning disability using an IQ/achievement discrepancy, the categorical placement is changed to “Special Education.” Eligibility is then based on a discrepancy between the student’s score on a curriculum-based measurement (CBM) probe and the median class score. The Learning Disabilities Association of Kansas (LDAK) predicted that 52% of current Learning Disabled (LD) students would not be eligible for services using the alternative assessment eligibility criteria proposed by Marston and Magnusson (1985) under the CBM approach for identifying students for special education. This field study confirms the LDA-K prediction finding 52.9% of current LD students would not be eligible for special education services using the CBM method. In addition, students previously ineligible for special education and termed “slow learners” would be served using the CBM identification criteria while high IQ LD students would no longer be eligible for services. Further, this study found low correlations between the CBM probes and the Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Achievement-Revised cluster scores currently used to identify students with learning disabilities.
Hemoglobin Determination of 1525 Adults in Ellis and the Surrounding Counties of Kansas
Authors:   , Henderson James
Published: February 2023

An investigation was made to determine the hemoglobin levels of a sample of an adult population. The problem was three-fold in purpose: (1) to determine the number of adults having a low hemoglobin, (2) to determine if there was a difference in the percentage of males and females who might have low hemoglobin, and (3) to determine whether hemoglobin screening could be carried out efficiently and effectively with the other tests being completed in the screening programs by the Kansas State Board of Health. During October of 1956 capillary blood samples were taken from 1525 adults of Ellis and the surrounding counties for the purpose of determining hemoglobin by cyanmethomoglibin method using a Leitz Colorimeter. Any value lower than 11 grams per cent for females, and 12 grams per cent for males, was reported as being positive. The screening level for the hemoglobin test was established and approved by the Ellis County Medical Association. A pertinent medical history was obtained, and noted on the registration from for each person screened. The author screened 946 females and 579 males in the survey. The mean hemoglobin for the females was 12.2 grams per cent and the mean for the males was 13.6. The hemoglobin screening survey showed a 15.3 per cent positive rate of the total number screened. Sixteen and three-tenth per cent of the total female population screened positive as compared with 13.6 per cent of the total males who screened positive. There were only 5 males of the total 79 positive males who reported having a previous history of anemia, as opposed to the 67 females of the toil 154 positive females who reported that they had a previous history of anemia. A previous history of low hemoglobin was noted for 241 persons. There were 24 positive cases who were under medication at the time, and 72 cases with a previous history who screened positive during the survey. The number of positive tests with no history of a low hemoglobin was 161. This figure represents 69.1 per cent of the total positive cases. The age intervals in which the survey showed that the males were most likely to exhibit a low hemoglobin are 69-72, 41-44, and 53-56. The age interval in which the female is most likely to show a low hemoglobin, according to the survey, is 37-40/ this study seems to indicate that there are sufficient number of adults who have a low hemoglobin to warrant a mass screening for this condition; that there are almost as many males who suffer from this condition as there are females, although many females have been diagnosed during pregnancy; and that the cyanmethemoglobin method of hemoglobin determination, using the Leitz Colorimeter, can be efficiently and effectively carried out in a mass screening survey.
The Effect of Time-Out on the Car and Bus Riding Behavior of School Children
Authors:   , Campbell Douglas
Published: February 2023

This study examined the effect of stopping a vehicle on several operationally defined behaviors. For the purpose of investigation the study was divided into two experiments and each experiment was divided into four phases: baseline1, treatment1, baseline2, and treatment2. Experiment I was conducted on a school bus and during treatment sessions the bus was stopped contingent upon the occurrence of fighting behavior, incorrect posture, and standing up. It was found that during the treatment sessions the frequency of occurrence of all the behaviors declined to zero levels. Experiment II was conducted in a car and as in Experiment I the car was stopped contingent upon the occurrence of excessive noise or fighting. Here it was found that excessive noise frequency of occurrence was reduced to a very low level during treatment sessions. Results suggest that stopping a vehicle may be an effective means of controlling behavior when it is applied in a similar manner to that which was employed in this study.
Lie Down With The Lamb and Other Stories
Authors:   , Eulert Donald
Published: February 2023

The following group of short stories, presented as a creative writing thesis, is arranged in a purposeful order. In each of the ten stories the main character meets some sort of crisis in which he faces failure or frustrating circumstances. These failures are from two sources: they come about (1) through character weakness, or (2) because of outside factors. In either case the story is also concerned with whether the character reacts negatively or positively, according to his particular weakness or strength of character.
Training Nursing Home Staff in Operant Conditioning and Behavioral Techniques for the Modification of Geriatric Behavior Problems
Authors:   , Bowman Robert
Published: February 2023

The aide is the person in most immediate contact with the nursing home resident. This aide is usually poorly educated, poorly paid, and has had no training in gerontology, geriatrics, or the social psychological care of aging individuals. Although a need has been shown, few studies have attempted to construct a workable model for the training of these aides. This paper, using lectures, discussions, demonstrations, and on ward training, developed a vehicle for the training of nursing home aides in behavioral techniques. Target behaviors of nursing home residents were used as the dependent variable. An aide who could successfully carry out a behavior modification project was said to have a working knowledge of behavior therapy techniques.
Spatial Patterns of Precipitation Trends in the Continental United States, 1950-2016
Authors:   , O'Brien Shayne
Published: February 2023

Identifying trends in aspects of meteorology is becoming increasingly important to understanding how climate can be expected to change, and how those affected may plan contingencies. Analyzing spatial patterns of precipitation trends allows for associations to be discovered to better understand regional climatology. For this study, daily precipitation data were collected from The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Global Historical Climate Network (GHCN) at stations across the continental United States, with selection based on distance from each other within a state, as well as percent completeness of observation data. Two stations per state were selected, with some exceptions for smaller states. The data were organized by year, and six different variables were examined for each station. Mean annual precipitation per event, annual standard deviation, frequency of days with more than 0.5 inches of precipitation, frequency of days with more than 1.0 in. of precipitation, annual 90th percentile value, and frequency of days with precipitation amount greater than the 90th percentile value for the entire period were tested for trends with a Mann-Kendall trend test. The stations were then mapped to identify the regions where trends were identified. Over 546 trend tests, there were 122 positive trends and 11 negative trends detected. Hot spots in both positive and negative trends were detected, and there were statistically hot spots in each of the six variables.
Treatment of Prejudice by Four Novelists : Richard Wright, Sinclair Lewis, Lillian Smith, and Ann Petry
Authors:   , Hull Kenneth
Published: February 2023

Prejudice is an unreasonable attitude revealed in emotional, verbal, and physical manifestations. Generally, it is caused by fear, hate, and desire for both economic and psychological advantages. Stereotypes of the Negro held by the Whites and over discrimination have adverse effect on both the Negroes and Whites. Discriminations practiced by Whites center around sexual relations, social contacts, living conditions, legal inequalities before both courts and police, occupations, use of public facilities, education, physical violence , and press reports. Richard Wright, Sinclair Lewis, Lillian Smith and Ann Petry have included prejudice in their novels of this study. Each considers to some extent the causes of prejudice, the stereotypes held by Whites, the effects which prejudice has on both Negro and White, and the various aspects of discriminations. The presentations of prejudice and its manifestations are accurate in comparison to the fact of prejudice as established by sociological studies, personal narratives and biographies. The fact that Lewis and Petry are from the North, Smith and Wright from the South; Lewis and Smith are White, Petry and Wright are Negro; or Lewis and Wright are men, Smith and Petry are women seems to make little difference in their handling of prejudice.
The Geology of the Fairport Quadrangle, Ellis and Russell Counties, Kansas
Authors:   , Thompson Nils
Published: February 2023

The Fairport, Kansas 7.5 Minute Quadrangle covers a portion of northeastern Ellis County and northwestern Russell County and lies within the Smoky Hills Physiographic Province. The Quaternary deposits in the quadrangle include Recent (Holocene) alluvium, undifferentiated Illinoian and Wisconsinan loess, Illinoian high terrace deposits, and Wisconsinan low terrace deposits. The gravels contained in the river alluvium are derived from the Miocene Ogallala Formation and Cretaceous rock. Loess occurs principally in upland areas and on some high terraces. In addition, the terraces are stratigraphically equal to those of the Smoky Hill River Valley to the south. The Cretaceous bedrock exposed in the quadrangle includes: the Fort Hays Limestone Member of the Niobrara Chalk; the Codell Sandstone, Blue Hill Shale, and Fairport Chalk members of the Carlile Shale; the Pfeifer Shale, Jetmore Chalk, Hartland Shale, and Lincoln Limestone Members of the Greenhorn Limestone; and the Graneros Shale. They combine to represent 425 feet (130 meters) of exposed bedrock. Economically important subsurface units include the Shawnee and Lansing-Kansas City (Pennsylvanian), the Simpson (Ordovician), and the Arbuckle (Cambrian-Ordovician). The Lansing- Kansas City and Arbuckle groups represent the most economically important units in the area. Pre-Mississippian structures located in the quadrangle include the Ellis Arch and Russell Rib. Post-Mississippian structures include the Central Kansas Uplift and the Fairport Anticline, which is asymmetrical, the west side being steeper. Two distinct set s of joints were measured in the Fort Hays Limestone in the quadrangle. The dominant joint set, set I strikes N 78o W whereas set II strikes N 36oE, with an average dihedral angle of 65o. The joints are all vertical, or nearly so, and form a conjugate shear system that resulted from nearly horizontal compressive deformation suffered during the Late Laramide Revolution (Early Tertiary). The joints in the Fairport Quadrangle are responsible for the rectangular drainage pattern in the area. The regional dip of the Cretaceous strata in the quadrangle is to the north or slightly east of north and is nearly horizontal. Locally, dips vary and may occur in any direction. The discovery oil well in western Kansas, the C. C. Oswald Well No. 1, is located along the crest of the Fairport Anticline in the quadrangle, and produces from the Lansing-Kansas City oil-bearing horizon.
Ectoparasite Presence in Select Northcentral Kansas Bat Species
Authors:   , Schumann Elizabeth
Published: February 2023

Working with other graduate students on a grant given to Fort Hays State University, from the Kansas Department of Wildlife, Parks and Tourism, I looked at presence and species of ectoparasites on bat species. The main goal of our grant was to quantify and qualify the status of the northern myotis (Myotis septentrionalis) in the state of Kansas, and to record data on any bycatch. I worked on our grant in the summer field seasons of 2016 and 2017, May to October, as described by the Indiana bat protocol.\r Bats were captured by using mist nets set over ponds, small streams, and rivers in northcentral Kansas. I chose sites by using a combination of historical and acoustic data. I mist netted 61 nights in the field season of 2016, and 47 nights in the field season of 2017.\r Over the field seasons of 2016 and 2017, I captured the following bat species: Eptesicus fuscus, Lasiurus borealis, Lasiurus cinereus, Myotis septentrionalis, Nycticeius humeralis, and Perimyotis subflavus. Only the evening bat, N. humeralis, was captured in numbers large enough to run statistical analyses. I compared the presence of ectoparasites between adults and juveniles, males and females, male reproductive status, and female reproductive status. When compared, adults had a significantly lower presence of ectoparasites than juveniles did (X2 = 47.38, d.f. = 3, p = 0.00001). Only 33% of adult N. humeralis had ectoparasites, while 76% of juveniles had ectoparasites. Males had 72% ectoparasite presence while females only had 41% ectoparasite presence (X2 = 15.03, d.f. = 3, p = 0.01792). When males were compared based on their reproductive status there was no statistically significant difference in rates of ectoparasite presence (X2 = 2.11, d.f. = 3, p = 0.549328). Reproductive males had 62% ectoparasite presence and non-reproductive males had 82% ectoparasite presence. Female reproductive status was split into four separate categories; pregnant, lactating, post-lactating, and non-reproductive. Pregnant females had 24% ectoparasite presence, lactating females had 40% ectoparasite presence, and post-lactating and non-reproductive females both had 46% ectoparasite presence (X2 = 7.42, d.f. = 7, p = 0.38622). Of the ectoparasites collected on N. humeralis, 82% were mites, 13% were cimicids, 0.15% were chewing lice, and 5% were unable to be identified.
Through the Fire
Authors:   , Mimbs Carolyn
Published: February 2023

Through exploration of roots and establishing a deep appreciation for family, heritage, and upbringing, Carolyn Mimbs is on a journey into realms of personal discovery and a reconnection to the earth. Distant memories are unearthed through a vintage aesthetic and sensual, vulnerable figures interacting and struggling within their surroundings. Artist and art have traveled along the same path and rhythm with increasing strides as desires are directed towards personal growth and transformation. Learning to retreat into the process of life and art is expressed through creation and disintegration, seeing the path that our corporeal bodies make as they one day return to the earth, completing the cycle of birth, formation, enlightenment, and death.
The Progress of The Life Adjustment Education Program In Kansas.
Authors:   , Munsinger Galen
Published: February 2023

The particular problem of this thesis is to trace the growth of the Life Adjustment Education Program from two points of view: (1) national and (2) in the State of Kansas. In particular the purpose is to discover the extent that secondary schools in Kansas have inaugurated curriculum change of any sort to meet the challenge of the Life Adjustment Education program for Kansas youth.
Moral Judgements of Criminal and Noncriminal Psychiatric Inpatients
Authors:   , Rosenboom Jonathan
Published: February 2023

Lawrence Kohlberg states that there is no valid psychological definition of moral behavior which considers external behavior alone; moral behavior is unrelated to social rules. Behavior is considered moral when it is consistent with the decision resulting from the preceding moral reasoning. Current research which compared antisocial or delinquent adolescents with their normal counterparts seems to indicate that there is a relationship between externally defined moral behavior and the level of moral reasoning. There was no extension of this area of research to include adult psychiatric inpatient groups in the literature reviewed. Using Kohlberg's Moral Judgment Scale this study compared the Moral Maturity Scores of two psychiatric inpatient groups of 20 adult males each; criminal and non-criminal. There were no significant differences between the Moral Maturity Scores of the two groups. The data were discussed in terms of their contributions to current theory and strategies for future research.
The Formation and Retention of Concepts in A Function of Their Abstractness
Authors:   , Hines Ruth
Published: February 2023

The general problem of the experiment was to investigate the influence of abstractness on the formation and retention of concepts . The specific problems were the following: (1) How does abstractness influence the number of promptings required to learn and relearn concepts? (2) What is the relation of abstractness to the percentage of consistent concepts learned and retained? (3) What is the relation of the number of promptings required to learn and relearn consistent or correct as compared with inconsistent or incorrect concepts? (4) What are the individual differences in the method of learning and relearning highly abstract concepts?
Host-Parasite Relationships, Summer Movements, and Population Structure of the Brown-Headed Cowbird in a Prairie Habitat of West-Central Kansas
Authors:   , Hill Richard
Published: February 2023

Brown-headed Cowbirds were studied in Ellis County, Kansas from February, 1973 to August, 1974. Objectives of the study were to 1) determine the frequency and effect of cowbird parasitism in a prairie habitat 2) determine adaptations of host species to parasitism and, 3) determine population structure and movements of cowbirds banded in Ellis County. One hundred and eleven of 520 nests of host species (21%) were parasitized. The frequency of parasitism varied from a low of 2.7 per cent (Say's Phoebe) to a high of 100 per cent (Cardinal). All but one grassland host species received moderate to heavy parasitism. Parasitized nests fledged one less host (.5 per nest) than non-parasitized nests (1.5 per nest). Only .3 cowbirds fledged per nest. Probable adaptations to parasitism were nesting prior to the cowbirds breeding season by Horned Larks, aggression by colonies of Red-winged Blackbirds, and nest desertion and removal of cowbird eggs by Lark Buntings. A total of 9,651 cowbirds were banded during this study. Adults departed from Ellis County by mid-August, whereas transient populations of immatures were present until November. Observations of color-marked individuals were reported near Buffalo, Oklahoma, Dodge City, Rush Center, and McCracken, Kansas.
Reservoir Potential of the Simpson Group (Middle Ordovician) in the Welch-Bornholdt Field, Rice and McPherson Counties, Kansas
Authors:   , Fletcher Michael
Published: February 2023

The Welch-Bornholdt field in Rice and McPherson counties, Kansas is located in a region characterized by ancient structural trends that have undergone intermittent movements since the Precambrian. These movements affected lithofacies patterns and the generation, migration, and trapping of hydrocarbons during and after the deposition of the Simpson Group (Middle Ordovician). The study area covers approximately 500 square miles and includes several oil and gas producing fields along with the Welch -Bornholdt field. The Simpson Group was subdivided into depositional facies using electric logs and sample analysis. The analysis of selected well samples and available geologic reports indicates that the upper part of the Simpson Group is increasingly calcareous in nature and characterized by rapid lithofacies changes. In addition, hydrocarbon shows are primarily found in the upper part of the Simpson Group. Electric logs of the upper part of the Simpson Group exhibit a consistent profile that is traceable across the study area, indicating lateral continuity. Horizons of interest were picked from and correlated by electric logs and were entered into a data base. Computer-generated structure contour and isopach maps were constructed in order to compare the structural conditions of the Welch-Bornholdt field to those found in other fields that produce from the Simpson Group. Relatively few electric logs penetrate the entire Simpson Group, thus shallow marker beds were used to infer deeper structural attitudes. Production form the Simpson Group is presently limited to fairly well-defined structural trends east of the axis of the Conway Syncline. Faulting has enhanced the trapping conditions in some fields. The Welch-Bornholdt field, located west of the axis of the Conway syncline, occupies a favorable position with respect to hydrocarbon generation and migration. Source rock studies and oil shows indicate the potential of hydrocarbon reservoirs in rocks of the Simpson Group. Similar lithologies and identical electric log profiles and responses are found in the Welch-Bornholdt filed and other fields producing from the Simpson Group. In addition, previously proposed fault trends would enhance potential traps. Areas of structural closure on the shallower horizons, thin isopach intervals, and the previously proposed fault trend should be explored for production from the Simpson Group as a secondary hydrocarbon target below the Mississippian.
Effects of Listening Skill Training on Mock Jurors' Comprehension of Information Received During Trial Proceedings
Authors:   , Frey Joyce
Published: February 2023

The relatively unique United States system of jury trails finds citizens from all walks of life being placed into a position of awesome responsibility. Quite often this entails passing judgment on the disposition of another human being’s life. Jurors are placed in a position requiring exceptional skills in listening abilities. However, they set about their task with no special training to aid them in their appointed endeavor of determining a verdict. This study investigated the effects of a short listening course (SLC) administered to a treatment group, a second group receiving a mere instruction to listen carefully, and a control group. Subjects in the treatment group were pre-tested and post-tested with the Watson-Barker Listening Test to validate the effectiveness of the SLC. A statistical analysis proved significant, verifying their “improved” listening ability. All three groups (N=59) viewed an edited video-tape of actual criminal trial proceedings and were tested with a 20-item instrument. Responses were made on a true or false basis using a 5-point Likert Scale. Statistical analyses revealed no overall differences in the responses to the 20 items taken together. However, certain subsets of the items did reveal some group differences. In particular, the test items focusing on “visual information only” and “direct quotations” were statistically most sensitive to group differences. These results suggest the treatment group was most confident and less variable in answering certain test questions, reflecting better listening skills.
Comparison of Virtual and Live Intravenous Cannulation Success Among Novice Nursing Students
Authors:   , Willhaus Janet
Published: February 2023

The Laerdal Virtual IV allows students to practice intravenous cannulation in multiple scenarios at multiple practice levels. Research regarding the validity of the device in comparison with other methods of learning is limited as is concurrent validity of the device compared with a live intravenous attempt. A sample of nursing students (N = 12) participated in a non-experimental, comparative investigation of intravenous cannulation attempts on a Virtual IV and on a live subject. Although the findings comparing scored attempts and actual successful cannulation between the Virtua IV and a live attempt were not statistically significant, there were other post hoc findings which provide direction for nursing education and simulation research. Subjects scored poorly on several psychomotor tasks on the live attempt. These tasks are completed with a click of a mouse on the Virtual IV; therefore, these tasks may need different practice modalities. Further nursing research is needed to determine whether simulators are a superior teaching tool or if they are at least as good other methods of instruction for IV placement.
Pioneering in Ohio, 1837-1848: Diary of Joseph Wood
Authors:   , Richards Dorothy
Published: February 2023

This thesis is a historical study of a diary written by Joseph Wood, a Quaker settler in Ohio, written during the years 1837-1848.