bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How to Best Apply Deep Neural Networks in Geosciences: Towards Optimal “Averaging” in Dropout Training
Authors: Gholamy Afshin , Parra Justin , Kreinovich Vladik , Fuentes Olac , Anthony Elizabeth
Published: August 2023

The main objectives of geosciences is to find the current state of the Earth – i.e., solve the corresponding inverse problems – and to use this knowledge for predicting the future events, such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. In both inverse and prediction problems, often, machine learning techniques are very efficient, and at present, the most efficient machine learning technique is deep neural training. To speed up this training, the current deep learning algorithms use dropout techniques: they train several sub-networks on different portions of data, and then “average” the results. A natural idea is to use arithmetic mean for this “averaging”, but empirically, geometric mean works much better. In this paper, we provide a theoretical explanation for the empirical efficiency of selecting geometric mean as the “averaging” in dropout training.
Fracture Conductivity Effect in DFN Modelling Using Carbonate Outcrop Data
Authors: Aljuboori Faisal Awad , Lee Jang Hyun , Elraies Khaled A. , Stephen Karl D. , Alsulaiman Faraj
Published: August 2023

Synthetic well testing is an important tool which can be utilised to understand the fractures’ influence on flow behaviour. Different fracture sets have been used to identify the well performance and the conductivity of the fracture network. Five models were built using outcrop fracture data sets with similar statistical properties, and their flow performances were analysed using the well-test response to evaluate the outcrop-related uncertainties. The results of the aforementioned scenarios have shown remarkable differences in the pressure responses related to the degrees of fracture conductivity in each fracture set. This variation in the pressure response indicates that the higher fracture density may not necessarily result in a higher fracture conductivity. The fracture conductivity effect was further investigated using a scenario of a producer completed in a matrix block trapped within fractures. The results have referred that the distance to the fracture and the fracture conductivity have a considerable influence on the dual-porosity signature, which may mask the radial flow response of the matrix in the derivative plot when the fractures are very close. The outcome of this work can be used to understand the outcrop-related uncertainties as a pre-work of a full field fracture modelling and to calibrate the fracture conductivity at the well vicinity to improve the history matching. The results can also help in well-test interpretations when a similar pattern of pressure response is obtained from real well-test data.
The Impact of Contact Area and Fracture Surface Roughness on Fluid Flow in Fractured Reservoirs
Authors: Aljuboori Faisal Awad , Lee Jang Hyun , Elraies Khaled A. , Stephen Karl D.
Published: August 2023

The estimation of effective fracture permeability depends mainly on the geometry of the void space between the fracture surfaces. Sometimes, these void spaces are closed partially or totally for various reasons, which create a contact area between the fracture surfaces. These contact areas cause the fluid to follow a tortuous path around them, which reduces the permeability magnitude notably. In this study, a digitised fracture network of a carbonate formation has been used to investigate the impact of contact areas and variable aperture width on the effective fracture permeability by using a discrete fracture networks approach. Moreover, a statistical analysis of a fracture width was used to build a stochastic aperture distribution to evaluate the fluid flow behaviour. Where, the properties of the aperture histogram are the only required parameters for the aperture modelling, in addition to several advantages in the current workflow compared with the former modelling approaches. The results were represented by a correction curve plotted based on the 3D simulation results, which can be used to evaluate the reduction factor in fracture permeability by considering the impact of contact areas in fractures. Furthermore, it can also be utilised for the history-matching process by calibrating the fracture permeability, hence fluid flow behaviour at the well region or the reservoir scale.
Simulation Study on Synergetic Effect of Low Saline Water and Polymer Flooding
Authors: Negash Berihun Mamo , Him Cheang Hoi
Published: August 2023

Low saline water and polymer injections are well established as effective enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques. However, the synergetic effect of combining the two methods is not fully studied and founded. In this study, three reservoir simulation case studies are carried out to compare the incremental oil recovery during the low flooding of saline water, polymer flooding and combined the low flooding of saline and polymer. The first two case studies employ different well patterns but of the same reservoir model. This was achieved by reconfiguring the placement of injector(s) and producer wells. In the first case, only one injector and one producer wells are located in the two far corners of the model. In the second case, four injectors and one producer wells are arranged in a 5-spot pattern. The numerical simulation results show that low salinity and high polymer concentration flooding has the highest oil recovery. It is also observed that the 5-spot well pattern has higher aerial sweep efficiency, with incremental recovery up to 67.3%. The third case study involves a heterogeneous reservoir model which is simulated using stochastically generated permeability. In all the cases, the incremental oil recovery observed during combined low salinity and polymer flooding is significantly higher than the incremental oil recoveries observed when the two are injected independently. The improved oil recovery is attributed to the synergy of the wettability alterations and better sweep efficiency of low salinity water flooding and polymer flooding, respectively.
Investigation of Thermal EOR via Cyclic Steam Injection in Fractured Shale Formation
Authors: Azmi Ahmad Haziq , Shuhli Juhairi Aris Muhamad , Hasan Muhammad Luqman
Published: August 2023

The movement of hydrocarbon in a shale formation is restricted due to the ultra-low permeability. The ultra-low permeability usually creates capillary entrapment due to high capillary pressure. Fracturing was introduced in shale formation which creates more cross-sectional area of flow for the oil to be produced from shale formation. Another approach to increase the flow of hydrocarbon is by decreasing the viscous force via the mean of viscosity reduction. The ability of Thermal Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) in recovering light oil from ultra-low permeability shale was not thoroughly studied. This case study studied the potential of injecting cyclic steam into a fractured shale formation in the variation of steam qualities and fracture configurations. The simulation study incorporated data obtained from Bakken and Eagle Ford Shale Formation to ensure a representable dynamic model. The simulation study had been conducted using in-house commercial software by constructing a dual permeability synthetic model due to stark contrast of matrix and fractures permeability. Manual numerical computation was incorporated in the model to assess the dependency of relative permeability oil in the event of change in reservoir temperature which was the case since the simulation covered Thermal EOR. Fracture half-length was determined as the most sensitive factor in contributing to increase in oil recovery among all the fracture properties. Significant recovery of additional 46 % in oil production for the most optimum case had been observed after incorporating recovery mechanisms of thermal expansion, wettability alteration and interfacial tension (IFT) reduction in the simulation. The amount of recovery increased from 1000 MSTB to 1460 MSTB when fracture half-length of 400 ft. and steam quality of 0.4 was used.
Characterization of the Dynamic IFT of Surfactant-in-Brine/n-Heptane/Shale Systems; An Enhanced Oil Recovery Perspective
Authors: Ayoub Mohammed A. , Mohyeldinn Mysara Eissa , Babiker Nasreldin Abbas , Negash Berihun Mamo
Published: August 2023

The main goal of using surfactants as a fracture agent in tight shale gas reservoirs is to minimize the capillarity, interfacial tension, modify contact angle and reservoir wettability. Most of the recent studies conducted similar experiments at ambient conditions. However, one of the limitations of different previously laboratory studies is the lack of measurements with gas as they were done using air or crude oil. The major component in shale gas is methane plus some lighter hydrocarbon. In this chapter we will investigate the surfactant solution behavior with some light hydrocarbons such as n-Heptane to better mimic reservoir hydrocarbon behavior. All necessary laboratory experiments had been conducted plus phase behavior for the selected surfactants. Anionic surfactants gave excellent aqueous stability results however; the impact of the salinity was observed carefully. An optimized formulation was achieved that resulted in type III microemulsion.
Biological Parenthood and Reproductive Technologies
Authors: Di Nucci Ezio
Published: August 2023

This article argues that reproductive technologies are problematic despite widening (and when publicly funded also _democratizing_) access to parenthood for particularly vulnerable groups, such as LGBTQ+ and those suffering from infertility. The problem with reproductive technologies is _biological_ parenthood, which reinforces patriarchy.
The End of Objectivity and Subjectivity in Educational Sciences
Authors: Miranda e Silva Nuno
Published: August 2023

Education Sciences have a recent institutionalization, contemporary with influential epistemological views based on the natural and exact sciences (Popper, Kuhn, Lakatos, Feyerabend, Longino, Bourdieu and Harding). This may have led to the direct importation of principles and discourses, which suggests the need to debate such influences regarding the coherence of their meanings with the complex nature of education.

For this purpose, we analyze the arguments “objectivity” and “subjectivity”, commonly mobilized in research, which some understand to be epistemic virtues. Therefore, what characterizes the “objectivity” and “subjectivity” arguments in influential epistemological proposals? What is its meaning in Educational Sciences and, in particular, in qualitative research?

Methodologically, an instrumental, comparative, and reflective analysis of influential epistemologies is carried out (in terms of the meaning attributed to the objectivity and subjectivity arguments), to discuss the epistemology of Education Sciences.

The results suggest different purposes and conceptions of objectivity and subjectivity, based on (a) the researchers’ neutrality in relation to social values, (b) the values that allow integration into a paradigm, (c) the retrospective look at the knowledge produced, (d) the creative capacity, (e) the representativeness of groups that may have an interest in knowledge, (f) the elements of scientific prestige and (g) the dominant/oppressed position at the origin of knowledge.

This suggests questioning the virtue of the “objectivity” and “subjectivity” arguments, since they have dispersed meanings and can lead to incommensurability, when the scientific meaning of education is, on the contrary, to be situated at the confluence of various sciences and methodologies.

In conclusion, it is relevant to debate the epistemic virtues of Education Sciences that support the commensurability, and it is proposed that this process begins in the inter-subjectivity, inter-coherence and inter-necessity that emerge from the complexity of education.
A Study of the Urban Nightlife of Delhi and its Impact on Safety
Authors: Ahsan Sobia
Published: August 2023

Delhi, the capital of India, has many facets as an urban space. It is a city that attracts a vast number of people for better job opportunities, for quality education; Delhi has a rich heritage that attracts tourists from all over the world. Digitalization and current working trends have transformed the concept of working hours in the city. Many MNCs give provision of flexible working hours to their employees, while in some cases, long working hours are required. This has created an opportunity for the nighttime economy to grow. But the opportunities that the nightlife provides are counteracted by the various challenges it faces. People’s safety is argued to be most compromised in the spaces at nighttime.

It is in this context; the paper attempts to represent active nightlife as an approach that acts as a driving force for the city in terms of livability and safety. It argues that spaces that are vibrant with nightlife establishments are comparatively safer than the spaces which do not account for any such establishments. One of the objectives of the study is to explore how nightlife establishments contribute to the social capital and public life of cities. Another objective is to identify the actors involved in the production of active nightlife spaces.

The study elucidates the argument by reviewing theoretical evidence and secondary case studies. The relationship between nightlife and urban safety is explored, and various reasons for an active nightlife culture are identified using secondary cases from around the world.

The inferences are then applied to various urban spaces in Delhi. These urban spaces are selected based on the extent of activities happening in the nighttime. Through fieldwork, material and immaterial structures of the nightlife establishments are documented and then dismantled to understand the nature of these areas and how they operate and function among their people.

The paper unfolds the potential of government regulations to enhance the nightlife of the city. The paper concludes with specific suggestions for the improvement of nightlife in a public space where required.
Controlling Offenses on Health Care Personnel through Environmental Design of Healthcare Environments
Authors: Karve Sujata , Natu Abhijit
Published: August 2023

There has been an alarming rise in assaults on doctors in the last few years. Violence, as we know it, is no longer restricted to the dark streets but has entered the portals of environments considered as healing. An environment that was once considered safe has no longer remained so, especially for healthcare providers. Healthcare environments are symbols of society as they are designed through discussion amongst various actors bringing in their own set of priorities. For the designers, it symbolizes an edifice for healthcare delivery, whereas the healthcare providers look at it as a place of healing. Various studies have looked at the measures to reduce this conflict in terms of management and awareness creation but few studies have tried to understand this through the perspective of spatial and environmental design. There has been strong empirical evidence though, which shows the influence of design attributes on the users’ well-being in healthcare environments.

This study was aimed at understanding the effect of various spatial attributes on the healthcare providers’ feeling of comfort in the healthcare environment. The study was conducted through qualitative interviews with healthcare providers in which a recurring theme with respect to space characteristics that emerged was regarding the doctor-patient conflicts and the sense of insecurity that it gave rise to and the contribution of design to the same. This was then further explored to understand the concepts of privacy and visibility with space syntax analysis. The findings identified the environmental attributes and spatial configurations that could help to reduce the sense of insecurity amongst healthcare providers.
Longevity of Electric Vehicle Operations
Authors: Mahiban Lindsay N. , M Emimal
Published: August 2023

The global transition towards sustainable transportation solutions has spurred the rapid growth of electric vehicles (EVs) as a promising alternative to traditional internal combustion engine vehicles. However, as the adoption of EVs continues to accelerate, the focus has shifted towards ensuring the longevity of electric vehicle operations worldwide. This abstract aims to provide an in-depth exploration of the multifaceted aspects surrounding the longevity of EV operations on a global scale. The longevity of electric vehicle operations encompasses various dimensions, including technological advancements, infrastructure development, policy support, and consumer behavior. Firstly, advancements in battery technology play a pivotal role in determining the lifespan of EVs. The abstract delves into the evolution of battery chemistries, energy densities, and thermal management systems, which collectively impact battery life and overall vehicle longevity. Additionally, insights into battery recycling and second-life applications are discussed as essential strategies to mitigate environmental impacts and enhance the sustainability of EV operations.
The role of IFN-gamma in Humoral immune response for HCMV antigens among pregnant women
Authors: Qader Staar Mohammed , Tawfiq Sanarya Kamal
Published: August 2023

Background: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a highly host-specific virus belongs to the β-herpesvirus subfamily, which is a leading cause of congenital infections. The immune cytokines such as Interferons-gama (IFN- ) may have direct inhibitory effects on HCMV replication and control of viral infections.

Aim of the study: This research aims at  determining  the specificity of anti-HCMV antibodies for different HCMV antigens in relation to serum INF-  levels.

Materials & Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in Kirkuk governorate from April 2018 to June 2019. The number of pregnant women understudy was 400 women presented to some private medical laboratories. The pregnant women were examined for the seroprevalence of HCMV-IgM and IgG by using ECLIA technique then their specificities determined for different HCMV antigens by using line immune assay, In addition to estimation the level of serum INF-  levels by using ELISA technique.

Results: The rate of HCMV-IgG , HCMV-IgM and both HCMV-IgG and IgM at the same time  were  288(72 %), 32(8%) and 18(4.5%) respectively. Regarding the specificity of the determined HCMV-IgM to various HCMV antigens (IE1, CM2, p150, p65, gB1 and gB2), the highest rate of HCMV-IgG was 96.25% specific for gB1 antigen, while highest rate of HCMV-IgM were 96.87% specific gB1 and p150 antigen. Considering the specificity of these antibodies for the examined antigens in relation to serum INF-  levels, the highest of pregnant women with increased INF-  level had antibodies for IE1 antigen.

Conclusions: There was significant relation of the serum INF-  level with specificity of anti-HCMV antibodies to divers HCMV antigens.
Synthesis, characterization, and biological activity assessment of new metal complexes of Schiff bases produced from benzoin
Authors: Ismail Hussein Ahmad , Abed Rana R.
Published: August 2023

By the reaction of Benzoin with melamine and Benzoin with 5-aminosalysilc acid a new Schiff base is obtained the reaction of the legends with Mn++, Zn++, and  Ag + salts leads to the complexes [M (L)2 ] X  at PH=7-6, and  [M (L)2 ] at PH=9-10, L= BMA, BMS  M= Mn++  Zn++ and  Ag +,  Several chemical and physical measurements, such as melting point, molar conductivity, and magnetic properties, as well as FT-IR spectroscopy, UV-VIS spectroscopy element analysis (C.H.N.), and (1 H-NMR)spectroscopy, and GC-MASS.  was used to identify the produced ligands and complex structures,  the complexes of Mn++, and  Znand ++ give hexacoordinated complexes having the shape octane al but Ag+ gives tetracoordinate complexes. having shape tetrahedral. then they were screened for biological activity using agar plate diffusion technique against Gram(+) (Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria) and Gram(−) (Escherichia coli bacteria, Klebsiella pneumonia bacteria) When compared to streptomycin and trimethoprim drug, all these ligands and their complexes show good antimicrobial effectualness.
The role of social capital on household livelihood strategies: Review from theory to emperical research
Authors:   University of Economics and Law, VNU-HCM, Viet Nam, Huynh Ngoc Chuong
Published: August 2023

Social capital is often identified as one of the most vital factors affecting households’ livelihood. However, literature on households’ livelihood has not cleared the role of social capital in livelihood, especially in livelihood strategies. This paper aims to review the relationship between social capital and household livelihood strategies. Based on previous papers in international journals and Vietnam journals, the author collected systematized and analyzed the role of social capital on livelihood strategies via the systematic review and other qualitative methods. Results show that there has been strong evidences about the relationship between social capital and livelihood strategies in theories and previous studies. Social capital has a direct effect along with indirect effects through other types of capital on livelihood. Besides that, methods of measuring social capital are diverse and depend on available data. Therefore, some aspects of that relationship revealed several research gaps, especially in empirical studies in Vietnam. The author suggested some dimensions in the role of social capital in research and applying livelihood policies in practice.
Legal aspects of protection of rights to land plots that were transferred to private ownership based on the provisions of Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 15-92
Authors: Zabzaliuk Dmytro , Besaha Iryna V.
Published: August 2023

Due to the lack of clear regulation of the procedure for registration of land ownership on various grounds of privatisation, the Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine of December 26, 1992, No. 15-92 “On privatisation of land plots” has become one of the most problematic legislative acts in Ukraine. That is why there was a need to distinguish between two procedures for the privatisation of land plots: according to the above-mentioned Decree and in accordance with the Land Code. The purpose of the study is to highlight the differences in the legal procedures for privatising land plots transferred to the ownership of citizens based on Decree No. 15-92 and in accordance with paragraph 5 of Article 17 of the Land Code of Ukraine of 1990 as amended on March 13, 1992, and later – Article 118 of the Land Code of Ukraine. The analysis of the practice of the Supreme Court on the application of Decree No. 15-92 and the Land Code of Ukraine in various versions, highlights the general trend in court decisions and describes individual cases that occurred in the judicial practice of higher instances. As a result of the study, it was established that the procedures for transferring land plots to the ownership of citizens based on Decree No. 15-92 and the Land Code of Ukraine differ. Privatisation based on Decree No. 15-92 is a specific simplified form of land transfer to ownership. It is noted that the legislation does not contain a clear regulation of the procedure for transferring land plots to private ownership, if privatisation was initiated based on the rules of Decree No. 15-92, there are a substantial number of legal disputes that are resolved in court. It is proved that the vast practice of the Supreme Court on privatisation issues is not always consistent, and legal conclusions are not systematised; simultaneously, the general trend towards resolving such legal disputes is consistent and understandable. Based on the conclusions of the Supreme Court, the procedure for privatisation under the rules of the Decree was systematised, the procedures for privatisation under the Decree and the Land Code of Ukraine were delineated, documents certifying the right of ownership were identified, and ways to confirm the existence of property rights/legitimate interests to land plots, the right of ownership/use to which arose in connection with the entry into force of Decree No. 15-92 were named. The practical importance of the results obtained lies in the possibility of using them to protect the rights of citizens to land plots, residential buildings and structures located on such plots in judicial and administrative procedures.
Recognition of protected areas as legal entities as a way to stop protected area genocide
Authors: Nikolaychuk Tetyana
Published: August 2023

The definition of protected areas as legal entities is not defined at the legislative level, which significantly reduces the range of tools for protecting the corresponding territories from abuses and loopholes in the current legislation regarding the scope and methods of utilizing their natural potential. The study focuses on an analysis of the concept of the “legal personality” of protected areas in Ukraine, considering the requirements of current legislation to address the restoration and protection of the rights of the protected areas through judicial and extrajudicial procedures. For a comprehensive analysis of market dynamics with minimal variations between studies, a quantitative literature review, including meta-analysis, was conducted. The main directions of post-war market revival were identified and the feasibility of adapting these strategies to the Ukrainian economy was evaluated using a comparative method. The research asserts that granting legal personality status to protected areas would contribute to the protection of their rights, as it would enable their identification as independent participants in economic relations and provide them with the necessary mechanisms to protect their territories. The necessity of introducing the concept of “legal personality” at the legislative level for protected areas is substantiated, which would not only help identify the most violated rights of protected areas but also promote increased investments in this sector. The practical significance of the study is determined by recommendations regarding the legitimizing protected areas as legal entities and having a clear normative and legal basis would ensure the establishment of a transparent form of judicial and extrajudicial protection and restoration of violated rights of protected territories.
Ruscism as a variant of the fascist form of state-legal regime
Authors: Rudyi Nazar
Published: August 2023

The relevance of the paper lies in the emergence of a new type of fascism in the Russian Federation – ruscism, which in the 21st century returned humanity to the understanding that the revival of the most dangerous forms of the state-legal regime is possible. The purpose of the study is to define ruscism, analyse its origin as a separate phenomenon and the development of constituent elements, and identify similar and distinctive features with classical fascism and its varieties. Methods of dialectics, analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, generalisation, and analogy are used as methodological tools. Historical and comparative approaches allow investigating the evolution of the origin and development of ruscism, identifying its common and distinctive features with classical fascism and its varieties. There are clear signs of fascism and its varieties. The paper examines the convergence of fascism with the Russian world, Russian imperial chauvinism, and criminal practices of the communist regime of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. It is established that the result of the ruscist regime was the creation of a totalitarian repressive militaristic state in Russia, which unleashed aggressive wars against Georgia and Ukraine. The study highlights the systematic violations of international law, human rights, and fundamental freedoms inherent in the ruscist regime, and the implementation of the policy of genocide of the Ukrainian people. The definition of ruscism is formulated and the history of the development of both its individual constituent elements and it as an integral phenomenon is considered. The practical value of the study is to unify the use of the definition of ruscism both at the scientific and legislative levels to condemn and prohibit it as a criminal, misogynistic ideology and a form of state-legal regime.
Introdução ao Estudo da Linfoangioadenografia em Cancerologia
Authors: Silva Moacyr Alves dos Santos
Published: August 2023

Monografia apresentada à Academia Nacional de Medicina em julho de 1965, para concorrer à vaga da cadeira n.° 53. (Patrono Dr. João Paulino Marques). No presente trabalho são estudadas 72 linfoangioadenografias realizadas em 47 doentes com linfoma, 1 com leucemia linfóide crônica, 1 com retroperitoneal e em 17 com um dos tipos de tumores sólidos. Seis vezes foi utilizada para esclarecer diagnóstico. Depois de feitas breves considerações sobre a evolução histórica do método, a técnica empregada para praticar a linfoangioadenografia é descrita minuciosamente, fazendo-se referência à seqüência com que devem ser tiradas as radiografias. Numerosos exemplos de adenogramas normais são apresentados para facilitar a compreensão das imagens ganglionares que aparecem nos doentes portadores das neoplasias malignas estudadas. As dificuldades ligadas à interpretação adenográfica são examinadas e exemplificadas. As lesões ganglionares metastáticas e linfomatosas são descritas tendo por base os achados da presente série de doentes. Mostra-se vasta documentação fotográfica. Incidentalmente faz-se referêcia à iliocavografia, método semiótico capaz de facilitar a interpretação das modificações ganglionares que surgem nos doentes de câncer pélvico. O valor e as limitações da angiolinfoadenografia são comentadas e resumidas suas indicações e contra-indicações ressaltando-se ser o método mais útil quando visando ao estudo do doente de linfoma. Seu emprego em relação aos vários tipos de tumores sólidos encontra maior aplicação na disciplinação da cirurgia pélvica, pois facilita a localização dos gânglios que devem ser retirados pelo cirurgião que, valendo-se de radiografias pré-operatórias, pode verificar, sempre que necessário, a radicalidade da cirurgia. As complicações da linfoangioadenografia são examinadas ressaltando-se que nos doentes aqui referidos todas foram, em as complicações última análise, benignas. A boa seleção dos casos, ao lado de cuidados especiais tomados durante a injeção do contraste, são medidas capazes de impedir o grave embolismo oleoso pulmonar, de tôdas as complicações a mais temível. São feitas também considerações sobre quimioterapia intralinfática e a aplicação de substâncias radioativas diretamente no vaso linfático. A utilidade potencial deste último método de tratamento é posta em dúvida. O estudo aqui empreendido confirma ser a linfoangioadenografia método diagnóstico extremamente útil em cancerologia. Pelas razões expostas seu emprego sistemático na avaliação clínica inicial do doente de linfoma pode vir, inclusive, a modificar de forma decisiva o prognóstico das doenças do grupo, notadamente da doença de Hodgkin.
Aperfeiçoamento das Estatísticas de Morbidade do Câncer no Estado da Guanabara Mediante a Criação de um Serviço de Registro de Tumores
Authors: Mello Eder Jansen de
Published: August 2023

Trabalho apresentado na 2ª Reunião dos Diretores das Associações de Combate ao Câncer, ligadas à Campanha Nacional de Combate ao Câncer.
Classificação dos Tumores Malignos: Sistema T.N.M.
Authors: Federação Internacional de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
Published: August 2023

Trabalho apresentado à 2.ª Reunião de Diretores de Associações e de Hospitais Filiados à Campanha Nacional de Combate ao Câncer. Realizada no Instituto Nacional de Câncer entre 4 e 9 de setembro de 1966. Continuação do artigo sobre o mesmo assunto, publicado na Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia n.° 29 (1965).
Associação Radioterapia e Quimioterapia
Authors: Nobre M. O. Roxo , Cintra Renato R. A
Published: August 2023

Os autores apresentam pesquisas clínicas em andamento, pela associação radioterapia e quimioterapia, em infusão arterial nos tumores ósseas e nos tumores de cabeça e pescoço. Em Ginecologia, a aplicação intra-uterina do agente medicamentoso, simultaneamente com aplicação de radium, em casos avançados de câncer do colo. Este material, cuja observação se desenvolve há pouco mais de 2 anos, ainda não permite conclusões estatísticas, entretanto justifica, pelos resultados preliminares, o prosseguimento do método. Advertem do inconveniente grave da indicação indiscriminadamente de tratamento quimioterápico preliminar, nas mais diversas formas de tumores malignos o que se vem fazendo, principal mente por indicação de médicos que carecem de experiência no terreno da oncologia. Nos casos em que o tratamento convencional, pela cirurgia ou pela radioterapia, tem condições para oferecer resultados satisfatórios, a quimioterapia prévia pode constituir um grave inconveniente terapêutico. A associação da quimioterapia ao tratamento pelas irradiações ou pela cirurgia precisa ser aplicada com prescrição e assistência médica em equipe.
A Técnica das Mastectomias Radicais Instituída na Seção de Ginecologia do Instituto Nacional de Câncer: 1965
Authors: Coutinho Alberto Lima de Moraes , Soares João Luiz Campos
Published: August 2023

O objetivo do presente artigo é fazer algumas considerações sobre as mastectomias radicais e apresentar a técnica que vem sendo utilizada na Seção de Ginecologia do Instituto Nacional de Câncer. As mastectomias radicais constituem um grupo de intervenções difíceis, pois são seguidas de uma série de complicações pós-operatórios, que relataremos no correr deste trabalho e que podem ser evitadas se durante o ato cirúrgico cuidados especiais forem tomados. Para confirmar estes fatos aí estão os Ambulatórios de Patologia Mamária onde são vistos os edemas braquiais, necroses, recidivas sobre a cicatriz operatória, as limitações de movimentação do membro superior homólogo ao lado operado etc., que decorrem, em muitas vezes, de má técnica operatória ou de deficiente orientação na recuperação pós-operatória do paciente. Nós mesmos, apesar da grande experiência cirúrgica da Seção de Ginecologia do Instituto Nacional de Câncer, sentimos essas dificuldades e mudamos inúmeras vezes nossa técnica visando a corrigir as freqüentes complicações pós-operatórias. Chegamos à conduta atual, realmente a que hoje nos parece a melhor, mas não temos a pretensão de considerá-la perfeita, pois continuaremos trabalhando para aperfeiçoá-la, aceitando com a maior satisfação as contribuições que a ela puderem ser adicionadas.
Conceitos Modernos Sobre Obesidade
Authors: Rozenberg Samuel
Published: August 2023

Foi revisto o metabolismo das gorduras à luz de conhecimento os ultimamente adquiridos, detendo-se o autor no estudo da lipogênese e da lipólise, bem como a interrelação dos ácidos graxos com a glicose na homeostasia da energia metabólica. Analisaram-se as causas da obesidade, destacando-se a predisposição genética que intervem nas anomalias bioquímicas dos ácidos graxos e dos hidratos de carbono. Frisou-se que o tratamento realmente eficaz deve ser preventivo, levando-se em conta, não só os fatores genéticos, mas também os emocionais e sociológicos. Apresentou-se um esquema para o tratamento da obesidade grave por meio do jejum intermitente.
Voluntariado e educação: a escola pública como palco de atuação para mudanças sociais
Authors: Xavier Djanira Barboza
Published: August 2023

Implementar a prática voluntariada na escola é dar ao ensino-aprendizagem uma chance de mudança estratégica no âmbito da educação, conferindo aos alunos condutas e posturas morais e éticas. Em Manaus, tal observação é visível nas instituições de ensino público que abraçaram a iniciativa de olho nos resultados que, na teoria, adotam e transformam a vida de todos os envolvidos. Ante a necessidade de se aprofundar o estudo sobre esta contribuição do voluntariado proativo na ótica da análise contextual escolar, o desafio é lançar um olhar crítico e científico sobre paradigmas que deram certo na capital amazonense. Ao arguirmos sobre esta investigação, o objetivo é entender de que modo essas ações podem aprimorar de fato a qualidade do ensino estadual, e se constituir como alternativas construtivas e colaborativas para a escola. A tela do ideário aceitável se mostra na imagem metodológica cuja premissa parte dos traçados analíticos de dados, nascedouro do projeto das ações. Neste contexto, o papel dos atores sociais no palco escolar se dá por meio de diferentes prismas. É possível que, entre os efeitos destas atividades, haja benefícios tanto para os alunos – na forma de melhoria no desempenho escolar e motivação no estudo, quanto para a escola, que assume a dianteira na construção de novos paradigmas educacionais.
Hábitos alimentares e avaliação antropométrica de escolares de uma comunidade da cidade do Recife-PE
Authors: Lima Juliana da Silva , Vasconcelos Fernanda Cavalcante de , Silva Renata Reis de Lima e
Published: August 2023

O presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar hábitos alimentares e o perfil antropométrico de crianças de uma escola municipal de uma comunidade da cidade do Recife. Os dados foram obtidos mediante questionário socioeconômico e histórico familiar e questionário de hábitos alimentares adaptado do SISVAN web, para obtenção das medidas antropométricas dos escolares, foram utilizados balança eletrônica, estadiômetro e fita métrica e a classificação ocorreu através das curvas de crescimento para a população, proposta pela Organização Mundial de Saúde, além da verificação de medidas antropométricas. Para classificação da circunferência da cintura (CC) foi utilizado a classificação de Mccarthy e a relação cintura-altura (RCA) foi utilizado valores ≥0,5 para risco metabólico. Foram avaliados 56 escolares, com 10,16±0,99 anos de idade. No que se refere ao sexo, 64% da amostra era do sexo feminino. A presença de eutrofia foi de 73%, seguido de 21,41% de excesso de peso. Foi encontrado um alto consumo de alimentos industrializado, cerca 56% das crianças responderam ter consumido embutidos, 89% responderam ter consumido bebidas açucaradas, 71% responderam ter consumido biscoitos salgados/salgadinhos, e 70% responderam ter consumido doces em geral. Foi identificado um baixo consumo de frutas e verduras/legumes cerca 50% dos escolares. Com relação aos dados socioeconômicos foi identificado um perfil de vulnerabilidade social. O fator socioeconômico está intimamente relacionado ao poder de aquisição de alimentos e a qualidade da dieta ofertada. De acordo com os resultados encontrados houve uma significativa prevalência de excesso de peso e risco metabólico, respectivamente, em relação índice de massa corporal para idade (IMC/I) e CC. Esse resultado pode ter associação ao considerável consumo de industrializados e uma baixa ingestão de frutas e verduras, levando a um possível desequilíbrio nutricional, além da falta de informação e orientação sobre hábitos alimentares saudáveis.
Biópsia a vácuo como ferramenta diagnóstica em lesões ultrassonográficas BI-RADS 4a
Authors: Guttemberg Victor do Valle , Guttemberg Francisco Cruz , Silva Fernando Lima da , Silva Grasiela Costa , Hora David Abraham Batista da , Brasil Giovanna Salvatierra Bueno , Bianco Sabrina Ramos
Published: August 2023

O sistema de classificação BI-RADS foi desenvolvido para padronizar a descrição de imagens de mamografia, ultrassonografia e ressonância magnética da mama, fornecendo informações precisas sobre lesões mamárias para auxiliar no tratamento e acompanhamento dos pacientes. A categoria 4A do BI-RADS indica lesões suspeitas de malignidade que requerem biópsia. A biópsia a vácuo de mama é uma técnica amplamente utilizada para avaliar lesões suspeitas, proporcionando uma análise precisa das características da lesão e identificação de células cancerígenas. Esta revisão narrativa da literatura analisou a aplicabilidade da biópsia a vácuo no contexto da classificação BI-RADS 4A. Foram selecionados 4 artigos relevantes após busca na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, utilizando as bases SCIELO e MEDLINE. A análise desses artigos revelou que a biópsia a vácuo é eficaz e segura no diagnóstico de lesões do estadiamento 4A do câncer de mama. A utilização de sucção a vácuo durante o procedimento permite a coleta de amostras de tecidos sólidos de forma mais completa, reduzindo a necessidade de repetição do procedimento e fornecendo materiais adequados para análise histopatológica. Além disso, a biópsia a vácuo é realizada sob orientação de imagens, como ultrassonografia, mamografia, ressonância magnética e tomografia computadorizada, o que contribui para um diagnóstico mais preciso e um planejamento de tratamento mais efetivo. A biópsia a vácuo tem se mostrado eficaz não apenas no diagnóstico de lesões mamárias, mas também no diagnóstico de lesões tireoidianas e pulmonares. Sua utilização tem aumentado na prática clínica contemporânea devido à confiabilidade e variedade de aplicações clínicas. Os estudos revisados relataram taxas de risco severo e complicações mínimas relacionadas ao procedimento de biópsia a vácuo, como sangramento no local lesionado, dor, sensibilidade pós-operatória e hematomas. Não foram encontrados relatos de complicações graves, e as complicações leves foram consideradas toleráveis e geralmente não identificáveis após 12 meses. Em resumo, a biópsia a vácuo de mama, conhecida como VABB, é uma opção viável para o diagnóstico e tratamento de tumores mamários. É uma técnica minimamente invasiva, capaz de evitar cirurgias adicionais em lesões benignas classificadas como BI-RADS 4A e 4B, desde que sejam menores que 2 cm e comprovadamente benignas por análise patológica. Apresenta baixas taxas de complicações e demonstra eficácia terapêutica. O VABB guiado por ultrassom é recomendado como abordagem inicial devido à sua facilidade de aplicação, capacidade de fornecer amostras adequadas e efeitos terapêuticos.
ОБЛІКОВИЙ МЕХАНІЗМ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ АГРАРНОГО БІЗНЕСУ
Authors: Краєвський В.М. , Богдан С.В.
Published: August 2023

У статті розглянуто концептуальні засади та функціональну спрямованість і призначення облікового механізму забезпечення економічної безпеки аграрного бізнесу. Визначено місце облікового забезпечення у системі економічної безпеки аграрного бізнесу. Обґрунтовано, що гармонізація фінансового, податкового, управлінського обліку та внутрішнього і зовнішнього контролю дасть можливість відповісти на найважливіші питання забезпечення життєдіяльності бізнесу. Ідентифіковано контрольні операції процесу облікового забезпечення економічної безпеки аграрного бізнесу. Запропоновано створення спеціалізованих секторів за визначеними контрольними операціями процесу облікового забезпечення економічної безпеки аграрного бізнесу з чітко визначеним переліком завдань. Розкрито другорядну функцію облікового механізму забезпечення економічної безпеки бізнесу, а саме – систему організаційно-економічних та правових заходів щодо запобігання економічним загрозам.
ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛІЗАЦІЯ ЕКОНОМІКИ ЯК ЧИННИК ІННОВАЦІЙНОГО РОЗВИТКУ
Authors: Огінок С.В. , Рудюк Я. , Андрухів І.Т.
Published: August 2023

У статті розкрито поняття інтелектуалізації економіки і його роль у стимулюванні інноваційного розвитку. Інтелектуалізація економіки визначається як перехід від господарства, базованого на матеріальних ресурсах, до господарства, заснованого на знаннях та інформації. Проаналізовано ключові ознаки інтелектуалізації економіки, такі як зміна характеру праці, трансформація господарства та формування нової системи цінностей. Розглянуто вплив інтелектуалізації економіки на інноваційний розвиток. Інтелектуалізація економіки стимулює інновації шляхом сприяння створенню нових знань, використанню нових технологій та підтримки інтелектуально зорієнтованих підприємств. Інтелектуалізація економіки також сприяє розвитку інноваційних процесів шляхом підвищення щільності комунікації між людьми та поширення знань. Виокремлено перспективи інтелектуалізації економіки як чинника інноваційного розвитку. Автори зазначають, що розвиток інтелектуальних ресурсів, таких як наука, транснаціональні корпорації та освіта, відіграє важливу роль у створенні нових знань і прискоренні інноваційних процесів. Він також зазначає, що інтелектуалізація економіки має глобальний характер і є необхідною для досягнення стратегічного розвитку в сучасному світі. Автори підкреслюють важливість інтелектуалізації економіки як чинника інноваційного розвитку і дає підґрунтя до подальшого дослідження цієї теми з метою розуміння її впливу на економічне зростання та створення стійкого розвитку.
CAS FOR ESPORTS: REALITY OR UTOPIA?
Authors: Camilleri Neil , Huk Iryna-Mariia Mykhailivna
Published: August 2023

The authors examine the peculiarities of dispute resolution in esports and the current state of reforms. The author analyzes the factors influencing the choice of jurisdiction for consideration of disputes in the field of esports in the absence of clear rules for determining the jurisdiction and category of disputes in the field of esports. Attention is drawn to the possible options for jurisdiction in the field of esports. The author notes the peculiarities of dispute resolution within the framework of litigation, commercial arbitration, sports arbitration court and special arbitration bodies or persons authorized to consider disputes and their legal regulation. The author describes the advantages and disadvantages of the existing arbitration bodies and focuses on the mechanisms that have the potential to improve dispute resolution in the esports industry. Given the practice of dispute resolution, it is summarized that arbitration and which institutions are currently the main places for dispute resolution in the field of esports. It is concluded that due to the increasing inclusion of virtual sports (video games) in the category of sports, they should have the same protection regime, and therefore, the resolution of disputes related to them should fall under the jurisdiction of the Court of Arbitration for Sport. Therefore, the Court of Arbitration for Sport may potentially serve as the final court of appeal for any sports organization, if provided for in its regulations. At the same time, it is currently problematic that the Court of Arbitration for Sport has not yet recognised esports as a legitimate sport and has therefore not yet made any arbitral awards in cybersport disputes. This is the basis for the creation of a specialized court that would be able to consider a wide range of technical disputes related to video games. However, the author substantiates why the creation of a new institution is less effective than reforming the existing Court of Arbitration for Sport.
ЦИВІЛЬНО-ПРАВОВІ ДОГОВОРИ У КІБЕРСПОРТІ: ПРАВОВИЙ АНАЛІЗ
Authors: Толмачевська Юлія Олегівна
Published: August 2023

Стаття є науковим дослідженням цивільно-правових договорів у кіберспорті. Порівняно з традиційним спортом у кіберспорті договори наділені певними особливостями, які пов’язані з об’єктивними умовами діяльності кіберспортсменів. Ключова відмінність кіберспортивних договорів від аналогів у традиційному спорті полягає в особливій ролі прав інтелектуальної власності. За допомогою правової конструкції договору в кіберспорті закріплюється правовий статус учасників кіберспортивних відносин. Для кіберспортсмена це відіграє значну роль, адже він наділяється правами та обов’язками – набуває правового статусу. Спортсмени-новачки часто стають жертвами недотримання договірної форми, укладаючи усний договір зі своїми контрагентами. На усну угоду потім важко посилатися в суді як на підставу своїх вимог та/або заперечень за позовом у спорі. Отже, правовий статус кіберспортсмена може бути захищений за допомогою продуманого, рівноправного та справедливого договору, де будуть враховані всі його права та інтереси. Авторка статті дійшла висновку, що для оптимального правового регулювання найкраще сприймати кіберспортсменів в якості незалежних виконавців, а не найманих робітників. Однак, у суді може бути встановлено, що правова природа відносин між сторонами не відповідає встановленому договору, внаслідок чого на сторону, яка фактично здійснювала більший контроль та владні повноваження (відносини підпорядкування і субординації, як між робітником та роботодавцем) над іншою стороною, буде покладена більша відповідальність, як на роботодавця – відповідно до трудового права.