bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measurement matrix design for colocated MIMO radar imaging based on Compressive Sensing
Authors: Wang Yuchen , Hu Xiaowei , Guo Yiduo
Published: November 2019

Compressive Sensing (CS) is recently used in the colocated MIMO radar to reconstruct the high resolution range profiles (HRRPs) of the target. By exploiting the joint-block sparsity of the HRRPs, the reconstruction result is improved significantly. In this paper, a compressive measurement matrix is designed to reduce the amount of data. An objective for measurement matrix optimization is presented by considering the block sparsity of the HRRPs, and the Weighted Coherence Minimization algorithm is used to optimize the measurement matrix. Simulation results show that the optimized measurement matrix is superior to the Gaussians randomly measurement matrix which doesn’t utilize the block sparsity of the HRRPs.
Overview of the Third International Conference on Science (ICOS) 2019
Authors: Azis M I
Published: November 2019

The Third ICOS 2019 was hosted by Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia and held in Makassar Indonesia in July 26-27, 2019 at the Four Points by Sheraton Hotel, Jalan Andi Djemma No. 130, Makassar 90222 Indonesia. This overview describes the main directions and results of the Third International Conference on Science. It gives the details about the participants and the proceedings.
In silico approach of antidiabetic compounds from Caesalpinia crista seed through docking analysis and ADMET predictions
Authors: Sulfahri  , Arif A R , Iskandar I W , Wardhani R
Published: November 2019

Caesalpinia crista (Fabaceae) is one of the herbs traditionally used as a drug for the diabetic. This study aimed to discover bioactivity of the α-caesalpin compound from Caesalpinia crista for antidiabetic based on reverse docking studies. Structures of chemical constituents of Caesalpina crista (α-caesalpin) was collected from published literature. The water molecule and ligands were removed by using PyMOL v1.7.4.5 Software (Schrödinger). Molecular docking experiments were performed using the PyRx 0.8 software. Prediction and significant descriptors of Physicochemical Properties, Lipophilicity, Pharmacokinetics and Druglikeness properties of the compounds were predicted using Swissadme. The results showed that α-caesalpin has greater potential as an antidiabetic based on its binding affinity and intermolecular interactions. The binding affinity of α-caesalpin with NOS3 protein is -7.9, while binding affinity NOS3 with the control compound β-estradiol is -10.1. AMES Test showed that α-caesalpin is not potential mutagens and not carcinogens. Druglikeness prediction showed that α-caesalpin fulfil the rules of Lipinski, Ghose, Veber, Egan and Muegge with 0.55 Bioavailability Score.
The simulation model of rainwater utilization management to fulfill the water requirement of corn feed plants in the slope area of hills: A Case study of corn feed cultivation for the planting period from March to June in Benteng Gajah village, South Sulawesi, East Indonesia
Authors: Hasbi M , Darma R , Rukmana D , Toaha S
Published: November 2019

Water is a basic need of living things. When its population increased, its water needs also increased. The purpose of this research was to construct an optimal model of rainwater utilization management (RWUM) in the slope area of hills: Case study at corn feed (Zea mays L.) plants (CFP) in Benteng Gajah village, South Sulawesi, Eastern Indonesia with simulation method. The data supported in this simulation were: Water need of the CFP during May to June 2019; The average yearly rainfall data of the village; The topography data of the CFP sample location. There were three simulation scenarios of the RWUM model. Those scenarios were differentiated by altitude zones. The first scenario located in the lower zone, the second scenario located in the middle zone, and the third located in the upper zone. The study showed that the optimal RWUM model was the third scenarios. The cost differences of the scenarios mainly lied on the operational cost of pumping, the RWUM infrastructure maintenance, number of employee working hours, and fuel cost of pumping. The ratio of the estimated operational cost among scenario I, scenario II, and scenario III respectively were 9:5:1.
Utilization of Nypa fruit in Alzheimer’s Disease: An In Silico Approach
Authors: Sulfahri  , Wardhani R , Makatita F A , Iskandar I W
Published: November 2019

This research aims to analyze the phytochemical potential of Nypa fruticans fruit for Alzheimer’s disease through molecular docking method. In 2007, it is estimated that 1 of 85 world population suffer from alzheimer and the number will be doubled in 20 years. The treatment of Alzheimer’s disease still relies on synthetic medicine. Indonesia as a mega-biodiversity country need to explore the natural resources for medicine, especially for Alzheimer’s disease treatment. Nypa fruticans fruit has several compounds like Kaempferol, Rutin, Quercetin, Chlorogenic Acid, Cinnamic Acid, Protocathecuic Acid, and Gallic Acid. These compounds could inhibit Acetylcholinesterase (AchE) enzyme activity. AchE is an enzyme that hydrolyzes acetylcholine to reduce the number of neurotransmitters. Biological activity of Nypa fruticans compound could be predicted with molecular docking and use score of binding affinity as a parameter for the ability on Acetylcholinesterase enzyme inhibition. The step consist of preparation of ligand and target protein, molecular docking, and drug-likeness test. The result shows that the compound of Nypa fruticans fruit potential for Alzheimer’s disease treatment, the compound who has the highest binding affinity is kaemferol of -9.6.
Bioethanol production from algae Spirogyra peipingensis using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia kudriavzevii and Kluyveromyces thermotolerans
Authors: Sulfahri  , Husain D R , Kasbawati  , Tassakka A C M , Nurfadilah  , Wulandari D P , Taufan W L
Published: November 2019

Spirogyra peipingensis algae is a microscopic green algae which is one of an alternative raw material to producing bioethanol because it has a high carbohydrate about 64%. This study aims to discover the growth of various types of yeast in S. peipingensis algae medium in producing bioethanol. This study uses hydrolysis methods and fermentation methods. In this study, the hydrolysis method using α-amylase enzyme as much as 150 KNU/L. The type of yeast used was Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia kudriavzevii and Kluyveromyces thermotolerans. The result shown that the optimal yeast growth in producing ethanol is S. cerevsisiae was 0,49 g ethanol/g sugar at 10 hours fermentation duration. Based in the result shown that S. peipingensis algae can be used as raw material for producing bioethanol by using Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Studies on microplastic contamination in seagrass beds at Spermonde Archipelago of Makassar Strait, Indonesia
Authors: Tahir A , Samawi M F , Sari K , Hidayat R , Nimzet R , Wicaksono E A , Asrul L , Werorilangi S
Published: November 2019

There is growing awareness and concern on microplastics pollution in marine environments. Seagrasses are among the most productive shallow water ecosystems, serving a diverse assemblage of fish and invertebrates. Sediment and benthic animal samples collected from small islands at Spermonde archipelago confirmed the presence of microplastics with different levels of contamination. The occurrence of microplastics for up to 28.29% and 25% of contamination level in sediments and benthic animals, respectively, clearly indicated an alarming state of the microplastics pollution in rich and productive shallow water seagrass ecosystem of tropical seas. Moreover, all positively contaminated microplastics of benthic animals are for human consumption and therefore pose threats for microplastics transfers which may facilitate pathways for a wide spectrum of organic pollutants entering the food web and affecting human health.
Effectiveness of methanol extract hydroid aglaophenia cupressina lamoureoux as antimicrobial in resistant Methicilline Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA), Shigella sp., Malassezia furfur, and Candida albicans
Authors: Johannes E , Litaay M , Haedar N , Randan V V , Rupang N S , Tuwo M
Published: November 2019

Currently there are many studies that utilize potential of marine resources, because there are many potential bioactive compounds to be developed, especially to overcome multi-drug resistant (MDR) against antibiotics. Hydroid Aglaophenia cupressina Lamoureoux is a marine invertebrate that is often found around spermonde waters containing bioactive compounds that can be developed as a basic ingredient in medicine. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of methanol extract from the Aglaophenia cupessina L. hydroid in inhibiting the growth of Shigella sp. Sd 1617 bacteria, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococus aureus (MRSA) ATCC 25923 and Malassezia furfur fungi ATCC 14521, and Candida albicans ATCC 10231. In this study, the bioactivity test of methanol extract was carried out by swab method on NA and PDA medium. The concentration of methanol extract used is 5%, 10%, 20% and 40%. Data obtained from measurements of inhibition zone diameter during the incubation period of 24 hours to 48 hours in the Shigella sp. and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococus aureus (MRSA). While for the Malassezia furfur and Candida albicans fungi incubated for 48 hours to 72 hours. Data obtained in descriptive analysis. The results showed that methanol extract from Aglaophenia cupressina L. hydroid has potential as an antimicrobial which is bactericidal at all test concentrations against the bacterium Shigella sp., Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococus aureus (MRSA) is bacteriostatic (5%, 10%, 40%), bactericidal at a concentration of 20%. Against the fungi Malassezia furfur showed fungistatic properties in all variations in extract concentration, and against Candida albicans was fungicidal at concentrations of 5% and 10%, while concentrations of 20% and 40% were fungistatic.
Microstructural analysis of silver nanoparticles resulted through bioreduction using Abelmoschus esculentus leaf extract
Authors: Roddu A K , Wahab A W , Ahmad A , Taba P
Published: November 2019

Microstructural analysis of silver nanoparticles produced through bioreduction using Abelmoschus esculentus leaf extract was carried out. Biosynthetic reactions produce silver nanoparticles by mixing Ag+ and Abelmoschus esculentus leaf extracts. The formation of nanoparticles characterized by changes in the solution from yellow to brown. Silver nanoparticles were analyzed using XRD, and the analysis results show that the average size of silver nanoparticle crystals is 41.9 nm with strain and stress values of 7.5 x 10−5 and 0.4908 MPa, respectively. The calculation results show that silver nanoparticles produced have energy density and dislocation density crystals 3.72 J/m2 and 5.9 x 1022 m−2. Based on the prediction of the mechanism carried out the bioreduction process occurs through the use of quercetin-4”-O-methyl-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside compounds with the orientation of the crystal are FCC and BCC.
Synthesis and activity of N-(o-tolyl)caffeamide and N-(o-tolyl)-p-coumaramide against P388 leukemia murine cells
Authors: Firdaus  , Seniwati  , Alamsyah N , Paramita S
Published: November 2019

Ester derivatives of p-hydroxycinnamic compounds have high anticancer activity. However, the ester compounds usually easier to be decomposed than their amide derivates, so the ester compounds have a low potential to be applied as anticancer. In this research, the amide derivatives of caffeic and p-coumaric acids have been synthesized using o-tolylamine to give trans-N-(o-tolyl)caffeamide (5a) and trans-N-(o-tolyl)-p-coumaramide (5b), respectively. The products were characterized by FT-IR, 13C-NMR, and 1H-NMR methods. In the FT-IR spectrum, compound 5a showed absorption bands of N-H bond at 3236.55 cm−1 and 1533.41 cm−1 as stretching and bending vibrations, respectively; and compound 5b had absorption bands at 3267.41 cm−1 and 1527.82 cm−1. In the 13C-NMR spectrum, compound 5a gave 15 of peaks that representing 16 of carbons, and compound 5b gave 14 of peaks that were also representing 16 of carbons. In the 1H-NMR spectrum, the peak of N-H of compound 5a and compound 5b appeared at 8.57 ppm and 8.87 ppm, respectively. Activity assay results of both compounds against P388 leukemia murine cells indicated that both compounds have a high potential as anticancer, especially compound 5a. The compound 5a was more active than the analogous compounds which the previous synthezised.
Isolation and identification of bioactive proteins from the brown algae Sargassum, Sp. and their potential as anticancer agents
Authors: Karim H , Ahmad A , Natzir R , Massi M N , Arfah R , Asmi N , Karim A
Published: November 2019

A study was conducted on the bioactivity as anticancer agents of protein fractions isolated from the brown algae Sargassum, sp. collected from Laikang Island, Takalar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The proteins were isolated using buffer Tris-HCl pH 8.3 containing 0.2 M NaCl; 0.01 M CaCl2 1% β-mercaptoethanol; and 0.5% Triton X-100. Fractionation of bioactive proteins from crude extract used the salting out method with the addition of a (NH4)2SO4 salt powder at percent saturation rates of 0-20%, 20-40%, 40-60%, and 60-80%. Pre-purification of the proteins through dialysis was carried out in cellophane bags. Protein concentration was determined by the Lowry method using BSA (Bovine Serum Albumin) as a standard solution. The anticancer activity test used the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) preliminary test method, with further confirmation from antimitotic testing using urchin zygote cells. The protein concentration of the crude extract of brown alga Sargassum, sp. was 2.89 mg/mL.The 60-80% saturation fraction (F4) had the highest protein concentration (2.545 mg/mL). The 0-20% saturation protein fraction (F1) showed the highest activity in the anticancer tests, with an LC50 value of 55.62 µg/mL and IC50 value of 53.80 µg/mL. The 0-20% saturation protein fraction (F1) showed potential for development as an alternative anticancer agents in the future.
Isolation, characterization and anticancer potential test of crude extract of L-asparaginase enzyme from siam weed leaf (Chromolaena odorata Linn): a novel source
Authors: Yusriadi  , Ahmad A , Khaerah N , Arfah R , Karim A , Karim H
Published: November 2019

L-asparaginase enzyme is potentially isolated from Siam weed (C. odorata L.) and also used as anticancer treatment. The point of this study is to isolate crude extract of L-asparaginase as well as its characteristics for anticancer. The activity of the enzyme was observed by Nessler Method and its potential for anticancer was tested by Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method. The results showed the specific activity by 4.8234 UI/mg. The enzyme worked maximally at pH of 8, 37 °C for 30 minutes with Na+ and K+ being activator and Ca2+, Zn+2, Mg+2, Cu+2, Co+2, Mn+2 as inhibitor. Base on BSLT revealed an LC50 value of 5.8063 μg/mL and proved that the enzyme has biotoxicity in high level. The results of this study denoted that C. odorata L. leaves able to be isolated and characterized by L-asparaginase enzyme and these reveals the potential to be developed as an anticancer in the future.
Purification and characterization of α-glucosidase enzyme from rice groats
Authors: Papriani N P , Ahmad A , Pamenta A F A , Natsir H , Karim A
Published: November 2019

Groat rice is the side product of rice milling process and potentially producing α-glucosidase. The enzyme has an important role in starch degradation process by breaking α-glycosidic bods to form glucose. This research aimed to understand the optimum activity of the purified α-glucosidase. The research stages are isolation, purification, characterization of substrate concentration, pH level, incubation time, temperature, and effect of metal ion, and dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method to determine the activity of α-glucosidase. The result showed the specific activity of α-glucosidase crude extract at 0.003 IU/mg. Fractionation of the highest specific activity on fraction 4 revealed at 0.042 IU/mg and constantly increasing on the dialysis stage at 1.121 IU/mg. α-glucosidase reached optimum activity at substrate concentration 2%, pH of 7, incubation time of 40 minutes, at 37°C, with metal ion Mn2+, Co2+, Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+ and K+ as activators and Zn2+ as inhibitor. α-glucosidase could be used to find analog compounds as the cure of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Purification, characterization and anticancer potential tests of L-asparaginase enzyme from the leaves siam weed (Chromolaena odorata Linn)
Authors: Khaerah N , Ahmad A , Yusriadi  , Arfah R A , Karim A
Published: November 2019

Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata L.) is a plant that interferes with the other plants and it is used as a convertional medicine that has the potential as an anticancer agent. This study aims to determine the optimum activity of the L-asparaginase enzyme purification and its anticancer potential test. The stages of this research include isolation, purification, characterization (pH, temperature, incubation time and metal ion addition) and anticancer potential test by the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method. The study result showed that the highest specific activity of fractionation was fraction 2 (20-40%) of 19.94 IU/mg. The L-asparaginase enzyme has an optimum activity including pH of 8, the temperature of 370C, and an incubation time of 30 minutes with metal ions of K+ and Na+ as activators and with metals of Ca2+, Zn2+, Mg2+, Cu2+, Co2+ and Mn2+ as inhibitors. The result of the toxicity test was an LC50 value of 158.48 μg/mL which was a very toxic level. The purification of the L-asparaginase enzyme from the C. ordorata L. leaves has the potential to be developed as an anticancer agent in the future.
(R)-N-trans- feruloyloctopamine from the root timber of Melochia umbellata (Houtt.) Stapf var. Visenia (Paliasa)
Authors: Nusan S , Soekamto N H , Maolana Syah Y , Firdaus  , Hermawati E
Published: November 2019

A phenolic amide namely (R)-N-trans-feruloyloctopamine has been isolated from chloroform fraction of the root timber Melochia umbellata (Houtt) Stapf var. Visenia (Paliasa). Isolation compound has been done by maceration, fractionation, and purification. The molecular structure was determined by IR spectroscopy, NMR 1D and 2D (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HSQC and HMBC). Isolate formed yellow paste (83.4 mg) with melting point of 156 – 158 °C. The λ
maks data on the UV-Vis spectrum of 333.80 nm (3.795) indicate compound has a long conjugated double bond. Data IR vmax cm−1 for groups as follows : 3327 (-OH), 2933 (C-H aliphatic), 1653 (C=O amide), 1593 (olefin). The data of NMR 1,2D show that this compound contains 18 carbon atoms, consisting of: 1 methyl, 1 methylene, 11 metin and 5 carbon quartener. Metin carbon consists of 2 alkene protons (olefins), 7 aromatic protons, and 1 alkyl alcohol (δC 72.58 ppm). NMR data also shows that one quartener carbon as C = O amide group (δC 166.92 ppm) and one methoxy (δC 55.35 ppm). The (R)-N-trans-feruloyloctopamine is the first compound found in the genus Melochia.
Phytochemical and Antioxidant Analysis of Methanol Extract of Moringa and Celery Leaves
Authors: Natsir H , Wahab AW , Budi P , Arif AR , Arfah RA , Djakad SR , Fajriani N
Published: November 2019

Moringa (Moringa oleifera) and Celery (Apium graveolens L) are vegetables and medicinal plants that have excellent benefits for health. The content of secondary metabolites that are very diverse in these two plants has the potential to be developed in other fields. This study aimed to determine the content of secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of moringa and celery leaves. The phytochemical analysis using the qualitative parameters of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, phenols, and steroids, and antioxidant activity was determined by the DPPH method. The results showed that moringa leaves contained considerable flavanoid, saponin, tannin, and alkaloid compounds while celery leaves contained fewer flavonoid, saponins, tannins, and alkaloids. Results of the antioxidant activity assay showed that moringa leaf extract had the highest activity with an IC50 value of 248.85 μg/mL while the formulation of moringa-celery (1: 1) had the lowest activity with an IC50 value of 1451.86 μg/mL. These results showed that the antioxidant activity of moringa leaf extract had better antioxidant activity than the moringa-celery extract formulation.
Production of Bioethanol from Seaweed, Gracilaria verrucosa and Eucheuma cottonii, by Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation Methods
Authors: Wadi A , Ahmad A , Tompo M , Hasyim H , Tuwo A , Nakajima M , Karim H
Published: November 2019

Demand for bioethanol in Indonesia will increase with the increase of energy need. Seaweeds, Gracilaria verrucosa and Eucheuma cottonii containing high cellulose content are considered very suitable to be developed in Indonesia and can be used as a raw material for low cost bioethanol production. The seaweeds were obtained from Mandalle, Pangkep Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The method used in this research was a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process. The results showed that 1. G. verrucosa and E. cottonii seaweeds could be converted into bioethanol having ethanol levels of 5.7% and 6.1%, respectively after 10 days of fermentation. 2. The optimum condition of fermentation process of G. verrucosa and E. cottonii using Clostridium acetobutylicum bacterium to produce ethanol was 10 days fermentation at pH 6.0 with the ethanol level of 7.7% and 7.2%, respectively. 3. The conversion value when G. verucosa cellulose was used as the raw material was 3.33% (33.3 g of bioethanol was produced from every kg of cellulose) with the obtained ethanol having the purity of 96.4%.
Synthesis and anti-tuberculosis of Zn(II)Phenylalanine dithiocarbamate
Authors: Kartina D , Wahab A W , Ahmad A , Raya I , Yamin B M
Published: November 2019

Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by the infection with the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), and according to the World Health Organization, was responsible for 1.6 million deaths and the emergence of 9.6 million new cases in 2017. A serious problem worldwide in the fight against TB is the rapid spread of the multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB due to inconsistent for protracted periods of treatment and the lack of new drugs in the market. New and effective drugs are needed for the treatment of tuberculosis by studying the synthesis of complex compounds that can be developed as anti-tuberculosis agents. A new complexes of dithiocarbamate, Zn(II) phenylalanine dithiocarbamate ligand were synthesized using an ‘in situ’ method by reaction complexes in a 1:2 molar ratio in refluxing ethanol. The complexes were characterized by using Ultra Violet Visible (UV-Vis), Fourier Transform Infra Red (FT-IR), HNMR, XRD, conductivity, and melting point. Complex Zn(II) each of them is 260 nm and 431 nm electronic transition is π → π* of CS2 and N-C-S. Infra-Red absorption spectra at wave number Zn(II) phenylalanine dithiocarbamate is 372nm-1 coordination occurred dithiocarbamate ligands and atoms M=S. Complex characterization using UV-Vis, IR, and HNMR showed that complexes are successfully synthesis. The bio-assay results show these complexes are potential as anti-tuberculosis agents.
Isolation and characterization of Soil Termites (Macrotermes gilvus) cellulolytic bacteria and activity determination of cellulase enzyme on newsprint substrates
Authors: Arfah R A , Natsir H , Atifah N , Zarkoni T R , Mahmud M
Published: November 2019

The study aims to explore and identify cellulolytic bacteria of termites that have the potential to cellulose hydrolysis on newsprint into glucose. The cellulolytic bacteria are characterized by the formation of clear zones in the medium agar containing newsprint paper after 0.1% Congo red testing. The isolates that produce large clear zones are identified by the type of bacteria. Identification of bacteria morphologically in colonies, gram staining and biochemical tests. The activity of cellulose enzyme based on concentration of reducing sugar (glucose) produced from the cellulose hydrolysis on newsprint was tested by 3.5-dinitrosylicyl reagent using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results showed that 6 cellulolytic bacterial isolates through the Congo red test, 2 isolates that have a large diameter of the clear zone are: Isolates C1 and D1 4.27 cm and 2.05 cm, respectively. Cellulase enzyme crudes of isolates C1 and D1 have an enzyme activity of 15.7 mU/mL and 2.33 mU/mL, protein concentration of 0.35 mg/mL and 1.18 mg/mL with specific activity of 45.17 mU/mg protein and 1.98 mU/mg protein. Based on the observation of the colony’s morphology in macroscopy, microscopy and biochemical test results, an isolate of C1 is the Provedencia sp and D1 isolate is the Bacillus sp.
Modification of Microencapsulate Protein Crude Extract Formula from Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis for Baby Biscuit
Authors: Mayasari E , Raya I , Dwyana Z , Anshar A M , Arif A R
Published: November 2019

Modification of microencapsulate protein crude extract fromChlorella vulgarisandSpirulina platensiswere conducted to get the best formula for baby biscuit application to offer a solution to malnutrition. Analysis method were carried out by the ultrasonic extraction for short and cheap lyses of phytoplankton biomasses; proximate test to determine protein concentration from phytoplankton crude extract and Spectroscopy Electron Micrograph (SEM) to show shape of microencapsulated. The result showed for the best microencapsulated composition were Formula 3 forChlorella vulgarisand Formula 4Spirulina platensis, while ratio maltodextrin and crude extract protein were 1.75:1 and 2:1 respectively. High protein concentration crude extract forChlorella vulgarisaddition was 47.45% DW, thereforeSpirulina platensisaddition was 78.025 % DW. Baby biscuitS.platensisaddition was very potential application which average weight of mice in six week was 36.56 gram thanC.vulgarisand control biscuit. Overall data showed that crude extract protein ofS.platensismicroencapsulate was the best material as ingredients in baby biscuit.
Adsorption of Pb (II) ions by activated and modified candlenut shell based carbon
Authors: Zakir M , Taba P , Edar M
Published: November 2019

A research on the adsorption of Pb2+ ions by candlenut shell carbon that was activated with 10% ZnCl2 and then modified with HNO3 has been done. The candlenut shell was carbonized at 400°C before activation and surface modification. Characterization of the carbon was carried out by surface area test using methylene blue method, identification of functional groups using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and adsorption experiment at optimum condition. The concentration of Pb (II) ions was determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Surface area of carbon, activated carbon and modified activated carbon are 503.57 m2/g, 516.63 m2/g and 524.86 m2/g, respectively. Boehm titration and FTIR analysis results showed that functional groups such as -OH (in carboxylic acid and phenol) and C=O (in lactone) increased after modification with HNO3. Based on analysis using AAS, the optimum adsorption time was 30 minutes and the optimum pH was 4. The adsorption capacity of Pb2+ ions by modified activated carbon was higher than un-modified activated carbon.
Increasing accuracy of classification physical activity based on smartphone using ensemble logistic regression with boosting method
Authors: Lawi A , Aziz F , Wungo S L
Published: November 2019

At present, the smartphone is equipped with several sensors such as Accelerometer, Gravity sensor, and Gyroscope which can be used to recognize human physical activities such as walking upstair and walking downstairs etc. Machine learning is needed to group data and get information. Statistical methods have poor performance in classifying because procedures must be met. To overcome this, an ensemble technique was used. This study proposes the application of the gradientboost ensemble method to classify walking upstair and walking downstairs. The Android-based.apk system is designed for data retrieval using a smartphone. Then, the dataset will be partitioned into 70% training data and 30% test data. The results show that the performance of the ensemble boosting method produces 81.82% accuracy, 86.11% sensitivity and 77.50% specificity.
Face recognition system using Viola Jones, histograms of oriented gradients and multi-class support vector machine
Authors: Arafah M , Achmad A , Indrabayu  , Areni I S
Published: November 2019

This study aims to determine the best distance to install a CCTV camera in identifying a person’s face in the passenger inspection area at the airport, which can be developed for suspect detection systems. The training data used is in the form of an image with five different angles per person, while the testing data is in the form of video. The initial stage conducted is face detection based on local features (a pair of eyes, nose, and mouth) in the input data using the Viola-Jones method. The face detection results process with pre-processing, feature extraction, and classification. In the pre-processing stage, the Brightness Enhancement (BE), Grayscale and Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) methods are used to improve the quality of the detected face. Furthermore, the feature extraction and classification stages use the Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) and the Multi-class Support Vector Machine (MSVM) methods, respectively. The result shows that the best accuracy obtained is 86.76% for a CCTV camera distance of 300 cm and a height of 250 cm.
An intelligent agent of finite state machine in educational game “Flora the Explorer”
Authors: Pukeng A F , Fauzi R R , Lilyana  , Andrea R , Yulsilviana E , Mallala S
Published: November 2019

Game simulation-based education is designed to simulate the existing problems in order to obtain knowledge that can be used to solve the problem. Simulation games with educational purposes can be used as a medium of education that has the learning patterns of learning by doing. Based on the pattern which is owned by the game, players are required to learn in order to solve existing problems. In making the educational game “Flora the Explorer Introduction to Plant with Android-Based Finite State Machine”. Applications used in making the game is Swish max4 and the shuffle algorithm random expected this game does not become monotonous, and players cannot remember the position of the bubble in the game, then the game agent using the Finite State Machine (FSM), the game agent will give notice to when the players answer wrong or right in the game
On the Okamoto-Uchiyama cryptosystem: (A brief essay on basic mathematics applied in cryptography)
Authors: Haryanto Loeky , Lawi Armin , Suhastina Suhastina , Qarynah Putri
Published: November 2019

The Okamoto-Uchiyama cryptosystem applies many consepts of basic abstract algebra, discrete mathematics and number theory. Many of these concepts are elementary and used in other branches of cryptography. However, those elementary concepts are not enough provided in the mathematics curriculla in under developed and developing countries despite the fact that in early stages teaching of those basic mathematics concepts, there is no need to provide sophiticated nor rigorous treatments beyond computations of integers.

By exploring the basic mathematics applied in Okamoto-Uchiyama’s algorithm and its re-lated concepts, this exploration should make mathematics teachers, educators and instructors to be aware of the important teaching the basic abstract algebra, discrete mathematics and number theory as early as high school senior level or at the first year in colleges and universities.
The 5R adaptation framework for cultural heritage management information system of the Dayak tribe Borneo
Authors: Budiman E , Wati M , Norhidayat
Published: November 2019

The Dayak tribe Borneo is divided into 405 sub-tribes which are formed based on clumps, habitats and their origins, despite being Dayak ethnic groups, but each has a wealth of cultural heritage and local wisdom that is diverse and different according to the nature they live in. This paper proposes a framework for cultural heritage management information system of The Dayak Tribe Borneo. The development method approach refers to the 5R Adaptation Framework concept; Right Time (timing), Right Location (location), Right Device (device), Right Learner (user), and The Right Contents (cultural information). The development results have provided a framework called “e-Dayaknese”, a framework that integrates information content: location, time, devices, users, and content (cultural heritage information of the Borneo Dayak tribe referring to the UNESCO cultural heritage domain).
Augmented reality for interactive promotion media at Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Mulawarman University
Authors: Firdaus M B , Widians J A , Padant J Y
Published: November 2019

Showing the design and layout of the building using a model, making this model requires time and accuracy because the model is built on a scale that has been adjusted to the building to be made later, a problem that often occurs in modeling is the suitability of the scale and detail of the model. Augmented Reality as a variation of the virtual environment. Users of AR technology can see the real world, with virtual objects added to the real world. So, users see virtual objects and real objects in the same place. Submission of information by utilizing the three-dimensional visualization technique is very interesting because it can display the 3D model of an object before it is built in real terms. The Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Mulawarman University Samarinda has an exterior building design of a new building, but there are no interactive media that can display the exterior of the building as a whole and in detail. This application is able to be used to apply the 3D model of the building as a whole and can be seen from various viewpoints.
Performance evaluation of naive Bayes and support vector machine in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus gene expression microarray data
Authors: Ramdaniah  , Lawi A , Syarif S
Published: November 2019

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder that the number of diabetics increases every year. So that prevention is needed by knowing the trigger of T2DM. Gene expression microarray data contains information of gene that can be used to determine the causes of T2DM. It is necessary to use certain techniques to analyze gene expression microarray data because it has a large amount of data and attributes. This study aims to evaluate the performance of algorithms in classifying gene expression microarray data. Algorithms that were used in this study were Naive Bayes, and Support Vector Machine (SVM). SVM used many kernels function such as Linear, Radial Basis Function (RBF), Polynomial, and Sigmoid. Information gain was used to select the features in GSE18732 dataset by choosing top 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 features. Performance of algorithms was evaluated and compared by using 30% testing set and 20% testing set. The results of the study indicated that SVM using Polynomial kernel had a high performance if it was compared to other algorithms. It achieved 98.15% accuracy using 30% testing set and achieved 100% accuracy using 20% testing set.
Geochemical correlation of gold placer and indication of Au-Cu-Pb-Zn-Ag mineralization at Parigi Moutong, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Tonggiroh A , Nur I
Published: November 2019

Parigi Moutong area is known as a destination for craftsmen and small-scale gold mining to get gold grains on rock, soil and river deposits. Gold granules were found in two morphological, there are Northern Hills (MNH) - and Morphology of Southern Hills (MSH), both of these morphologies were controlled by geological structures. The morphology of Northern Hills (MNH) is composed by granite, diorite, andesite non-andesite mineralization of sulphide mineralization, the dominance of the composition of gold granules found in river deposits on the soil. The morphology of the South Hills (MSH) spreads to the terrain and beaches composed by granite, andesite, schist, gneiss, molasses, Tinombo Formation, and the dominance of gold granular concentrations found on the soil.

This paper aims to differentiate geochemical characteristics of MNH and MSH on soil and gold grains obtained by panning concentrate methode of river deposit and soil, and predicts the types of primary deposits as a source of gold granules. The difference of gold association is related to the type of placer deposit, i.e the fluvial placer in the soil in the form of a residual deposit bag takes the path of weathering transport of andesite mineralization and fluvial tectonic transported zona brecciated. By normal P-P plot normality test knowing that the type of Au deposit correlates strongly with Cu compared to Pb correlated Au, and Cu increases linearly with Pb. Concentration on soil fluvial weathering and changes is higher than in soil fluvial tectonic transported.

The result rotation of the Au, Cu, Pb, Zn matrix components show there are two distributions of strongly correlated variables, namely (1) Au (0.953)-Ag (0.949) and (2) Cu (0.900) -Zn (0.902). Those order correlation is a strong indication of the presence of placer deposit sources as hydrothermal deposits: 1) Au-Cu (2) Au-Zn (3) Cu-PB and (4) epithermal Au-Ag.
Geological constraints for disaster mitigation model in South Sulawesi
Authors: Maulana A
Published: November 2019

South Sulawesi is one of the provinces in Indonesia with the highest economic growth index. This situation gives an impact to intensive infrastructure development including road access, bridge, dam, airport, seaport and other public facilities in the province. However, due to geological complexity of the region, the infrastructures developments are threatened by natural hazard. This paper outlines the characteristic of natural disaster in South Sulawesi using geological consideration of the region for mitigation strategy. The natural hazard in South Sulawesi consists of earthquake, landslide, tsunami and flood. Earthquake occurs in association with some major faults such as Walanae Fault, Palu-Koro Fault and Matano Fault. All areas located near these fault zones are classified as earthquake-prone areas. Landslides are classified as slides, flow and rock fall and takes place in some high topography areas which composed of moderately to highly weathered volcanic product material. Geologically the landslides are closely related with morphology, stratigraphy and structure (seismic-related) condition. Some coastlines in South Sulawesi province are tsunami-prone area, especially the area facing to the seismically-active region such as southern tip of the peninsula where tsunami is generated by the Flores back-arc thrust fault. Flooding shows a strong relationship to geological condition in the area especially low-lying topographic areas in some coastlines and river mouth areas. Three main causes of the flood have been considered namely deforestation due to land conversion, high sedimentation rate and sporadic urbanization coupled with heavy rain fall and tides. The study shows that all natural disasters in South Sulawesi are mainly controlled by geological condition such as fault, morphology, stratigraphy, petrology and seismicity. Therefore, in order to mitigate these natural hazards, geological constraints should be taken into consideration in natural hazard mitigation scheme in the regional level.
Optimal motion planning of differential-drive mobile robots based on trapezoidal collocation method
Authors: Mao R , Gao H , Guo L
Published: November 2019

This study focuses on optimal motion planning for nonholonomic constraints mobile robot. We formulate the dynamics model of a differential-drive mobile robot by using Lagrangian mechanics, where the nonholonomic constraints are accurately described through differential equations. The optimal motion planning of the system is constructed as an optimal control problem which is then converted to a nonlinear programming problem by introducing trapezoidal collocation method, and the formulated nonlinear programming is solved by interior-point method. Compared with the prevailing methods in the field of motion planning, our proposed method can handle different kinds of path constraints, terminal conditions and collision-avoidance requirements. Simulation results indicate that the proposed approach can efficiently deal with various user-specified requirements with advantage of high computing efficiency.
The human dimension and its effect on multi-function streets in settlement on water of Buloa Kareppa and Marbor Tallo
Authors: Asmal I , Santosa H R , Amri N
Published: November 2019

Street infrastructure is very important in a settlement, functioning as a link between one place and another. Its presence has an impact on the smooth running of community activities. Karabba village and marbor a wild settlement that stands on water, built by the community in very simple conditions. The way that connects houses with homes and houses with land have conditions that are of concern from the physical aspect. But the absence of public space and limited land causes the community to make streets function not only as of the main circulation and access but also as a community space and a place for all utility networks. The goal to be achieved is to find out how the application of the human dimension and its effect on multi-function streets. The method used by the survey. In the survey, recordings of every activity occurring on the road, both domestic, social activities, and main activities as a means of transportation. In addition, review the material and dimensions of the street to determine its suitability with existing standards. The result is that streets in residential areas should be multi-functional pedestrians, all semi-public and public community activities take place on it, pathway should not be reserved for vehicles such as motorbikes. From the standard aspect, it is not as of all aspects.
Determination of optimal location and capacity of distributed generations based on artificial bee colony
Authors: Ratuhaji F , Arief A , Nappu M B
Published: November 2019

This study aims at giving descriptive computation of determining the optimal location and capacity of Distributed Generation (DG) for the compensation of active and reactive power on the electric power system using Artificial Bee Colony and minimizing the power losses. It employed the IEEE 34-Bus Reliability Test System (RTS) as the case study focusing on the determination of the location and capacity of Distributed Generation using Artificial Bee Colony algorithm. The data analysis shows that the placement of DG on the IEEE 34-bus system employing ABC can reduce the real power losses and the real power losses at the optimal location and capacity is minimum.
Investigation of non–conventional methods for combined economic emission dispatch problem
Authors: Putra M S D , Nappu M B , Arief A
Published: November 2019

This paper investigates various non-conventional methods for optimal solution for Combined Economic Emission Dispatch (CEED). CEED can schedule operation of the generators by considering fuel cost, emission level, satisfying load demand and operational constraints so that optimal results are obtained. In this article, the CEED problem is formulated as a multi–objective problem by considering the fuel cost and emission objectives of generating units.
Role of geomembrane to prevent water pollution and radiation exposure in landfill for NORM waste from the oil and gas industries
Authors: Dwipayana C A W , Moersidik S S , Pratama M A
Published: November 2019

Naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) can be concentrated and increased by oil and gas extraction processes. NORM disposal must provide adequate protection to both human health and the environment, which one choice is landfill. The main parameters of concern in the safety of landfills are leachate which could cause water pollution and also radioactive contamination. Leachate can be reduced by using geomembrane in landfill design. In this paper, leaching simulation has been carried out using the required design of class I landfill to see the role of geomembrane to prevent water pollution and reduce radiation dose. Leaching simulations are carried out using the US EPA Hydrologic Evaluation of Landfill Performance software. Simulations of radiation assessment are performed using RESRAD. Landfill is assumed as residential area, with people with people living there and produces their food from that land. From simulation result, appearance of geomembrane can reduce leaching water at bottom layer of landfill from 8.58% of total infiltrated water to 0. For 1 Bq/gram Ra-226, people in landfill with geomembrane are exposed maximum 0.183 mSv/year with radon as dominant exposure. Compared without geomembrane, the maximum exposure is 3.846 mSv/year with drinking water consumption as dominant exposure.
The potential of electrical power generation based on organic waste utilization at Tamangapa landfill Makassar
Authors: Yusran  , Sultan  , Isnam J A , Akil Y S
Published: November 2019

Waste is one of environmental pollution contributor. Waste utilization for electrical generation is an alternative solution. Based on existing data, average amount of waste at Tamangapa landfill Makassar in 2010-2016 were 223,637 tons. The organic waste was approximately 50%, around to 111,818 tons. With rotary kiln incinerator technology, the calculation result showed that existing organic waste (2010-2016) could to generate 29.678 MW of electrical power or 259,978.345 MWh of electrical energy. The prediction by trend analysis method states that in 2026, the amount of organic waste can reach 176,230,390 tons. It can generate 46.773 MW of electrical power or 409,735.657 MWh of electrical energy. This value is equivalent with construction of two distributed generation (DG) units with 2x30 MW capacities.
Economic dispatch of Jeneponto thermal power plant for primary energy efficiency
Authors: Nappu M B , Arief A , Soalehe S W , Rianty M
Published: November 2019

Economic dispatch is a method to compute the amount of power that must be generated from each generator units to meet a specific load while minimizing its operating costs. This study performed economic dispatch for the Jeneponto Thermal Power Plant, in the Jeneponto Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia by using the Lagrange multiplier method. The results of this study showed that by performing economic dispatch, it is effective in minimizing the fuel cost compared to the existing dispatch. The overall savings that can be obtained for this case study is 4.5% for the specific case study.