bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of compliance with regulations on private medicine practice of specialised clinics in Viet Tri city, Phu Tho province, 2020
Authors:   Phu Tho Department of Health, Hoang Cam Viet , Nguyen Thi Thuy
Published: July 2021

Objectives: To assess compliance with regulations on private medical practice and analyze some influencing factors at specialized clinics in Viet Tri city, Phu Tho province, by 2020. Research method: Cross-sectional descriptive study with analysis, combining quantitative with qualitative. Directly observed 30 private medical practice establishments, combined with in-depth interviews with professional responsible persons and 05 managerial staff. Results: The results showed that some facilities did not meet the criteria, including: 04/30 facilities did not meet the criteria for facility conditions; 10/30 facilities have not yet achieved medical waste treatment; 14/30 facilities lacked conditions of emergency transportation equipment; 13/30 facilities did not comply with the professional regulations as prescribed; There are two main factors that affect private medical practice: The irregular inspection and supervision and the person in charge of professional practice has not fully complied with the provisions of private medical practice. Conclusion: It is necessary to strengthen inspection, examination and propagation and dissemination of legal regulations to private medical practice facilities. Keywords: Private medical practice, private clinics, specialist clinics.
The situation of stunting among children aged 6-23 months in Tan Thinh commune, Nam Truc district, Nam Dinh province, 2020
Authors:   Nestlé Vietnam Company Limited, Vu Thi Trang , Le Thi Thu Ha , Nguyen Trong Hung
Published: July 2021

The prevalence of stunting across the country remains high and uneven across regions. In Tan Thinh commune, Nam Truc district, Nam Dinh province, most mothers have not really paid attention to the nutritional status of their children. The assessment of the stunting status of children here is the basis for building communication strategies to improve nutritional practices for children of local mothers. Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the stunting status of children aged 6-23 months in Tan Thinh commune, Nam Truc district, Nam Dinh province in 2020. Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study conducted on 357 children aged 6-23 months from May to July, 2020 in Tan Thinh commune, Nam Truc district, Nam Dinh province. Results: Stunting prevalence among children aged 6-23 months were 20.4%. Stunting increased gradually by age group, the lowest were in the 9-11 months group (10.7%), the highest in the 18-23 months group (35.7%), The level of moderate stunting (16%) was higher than the level of severe stunting (4.5%). There were lower prevalence of stunted boys (20%) than stunted girls (20,9%). Conclusion: The rate of stunting among children aged 6-23 months in the commune in the study area is still high, especially in children aged 18-23 months. An organized effort should be made at all levels to improve maternal education, postnatal care practice to solve the problems of stunting in children, especially in such critical periods, to avoid its effect on future development of young children. Appropriate and early intervention should be designed at health facility and community level for mothers to have postnatal followup since it is an opportunity for health professional to give nutrition education for mothers. Further research should be conducted to investigate specific nutrient deficiency status (vitamin A, vitamin D, cailcium, zinc, iron, …) in body serum by using laboratory methods. Keywords: Stunting, children aged 6-23 months, Tan Thinh.
The Masses of Supernova Remnant Progenitors in NGC 6946
Authors: Koplitz Brad , Johnson Jared , Williams Benjamin F. , Long Knox S. , Blair William P. , Murphy Jeremiah W. , Dolphin Andrew , Hillis Tristan
Published: July 2021

We constrained the progenitor masses for 169 supernova remnants (SNRs), eight historically observed supernovae (SNe), and the black hole formation candidate in NGC 6946, finding that they are consistent with originating from a standard initial mass function. Additionally, there were 16 remnants that showed no sign of nearby star formation consistent with a core-collapse SN, making them good Type Ia candidates. Using Hubble Space Telescope broadband imaging, we measured the stellar photometry of ACS/WFC fields in the F435W, F555W, F606W, and F814W filters, as well as WFC3/UVIS fields in F438W, F606W, and F814W. We then fitted this photometry with stellar evolutionary models to determine the ages of the young populations present at the positions of the SNRs and SNe. We then inferred a progenitor mass probability distribution from the fitted age distribution. For 37 SNRs, we tested how different filter combinations affected the inferred masses. We find that filters sensitive to Hα, [N ii], and [S ii] gas emission can bias mass estimates for remnants that rely on our technique. Using a Kolmogorov–Smirnov test analysis on our most reliable measurements, we find that the progenitor mass distribution is well matched by a power-law index of

−

2.6

−
0.6

+
0.5

, which is consistent with a standard initial mass function.
Explosive Ejections Generated by Gravitational Interactions
Authors: Rivera-Ortiz P. R. , Rodríguez-González A. , Cantó J. , Zapata Luis A.
Published: July 2021

During the fragmentation and collapse of a molecular cloud, it is expected that it will have close encounters with (proto)stellar objects that can lead to the ejection of a fraction of them as runaway objects. However, the duration and consequences of such encounters are perhaps small enough for there to be no direct evidence of their occurrence. As a first approximation, herein we analytically study the interaction of a massive object that moves at high velocity into a cluster of negligible-mass particles with an initial number density distribution ∝ R
−α
. We have found that the runaway conditions of the distribution after the encounter are related to the mass and the velocity of the star and the impact parameter of each particle to the stellar object. Then, the cluster particles are gravitationally accelerated by the external approaching star, destroying the cluster, and the dispersion and velocities of the particles have explosive characteristics. We compare this analytical model with several numerical simulations and, finally, apply our results to the Orion fingers in the Orion BN/KL region, which show an explosive outflow that could be triggered by the gravitational interaction of several (proto)stellar objects.
Revisiting Dynamical Friction: The Role of Global Modes and Local Wakes
Authors: Tamfal Tomas , Mayer Lucio , Quinn Thomas R. , Capelo Pedro R. , Kazantzidis Stelios , Babul Arif , Potter Douglas
Published: July 2021

The orbital decay of a perturber within a larger system plays a key role in the dynamics of many astrophysical systems—from nuclear star clusters or globular clusters in galaxies, to massive black holes in galactic nuclei, to dwarf galaxy satellites within the dark matter halos of more massive galaxies. For many decades, there have been various attempts to determine the underlying physics and timescales of the drag mechanism, ranging from the local dynamical friction approach to descriptions based on the back-reaction of global modes induced in the background system. We present ultra-high-resolution N-body simulations of massive satellites orbiting a Milky Way-like galaxy (with > 108 particles), that appear to capture both the local “wake” and the global “mode” induced in the primary halo. We address directly the mechanism of orbital decay from the combined action of local and global perturbations and specifically analyze where the bulk of the torque originates.
An Atlas of Dynamical Evolution Models of 361 Fanaroff–Riley Type II Radio Sources
Authors: Machalski Jerzy , Kozieł-Wierzbowska Dorota , Goyal Arti
Published: July 2021

Dynamical evolution models of 361 extragalactic Fanaroff–Riley type II radio sources selected from the Cambridge 3CRR, 6CE, 5C6, and 5C7 Sky Surveys, as well as the Bologna B2, Green Bank GB, and GB2 Surveys, are presented. Their spectra, compiled mostly from the recent catalogs of radio sources and the available NASA/IPAC and Astrophysical Catalogs Support System databases, along with morphological characteristics of the sources determined from their radio maps, have been modeled using the DYNAGE algorithm and/or its extension (KDA EXT) for the hypothetical case of further evolution after the jet’s termination. The best-fit models provide estimates of a number of important physical parameters of the sources, as (i) the jet power, (ii) the density distribution of the external gaseous medium surrounding the radio core and the jet propagating through it, (iii) the initial energy distribution of the relativistic particles accelerated at the shock fronts, and (iv) the age of the observed radio structure. Additionally, estimates of some derivative parameters are provided, e.g., the radio lobes’ pressure, their longitudinal expansion velocity, the magnetic field strength, and the total energy deposited in the lobes. The observed spectra and their best-fit models are included. Finally, one of the useful applications of the above models is presented, namely a strong correlation between the ambient medium density and the rest-frame two-point spectral index available directly from the observed spectra.
An elusive new species of gymnophthalmid lizard (Cercosaurinae, Selvasaura) from the Andes of northern Peru
Authors: Echevarría Lourdes Y. , Venegas Pablo J. , García-Ayachi Luis A. , Nunes Pedro M. Sales
Published: July 2021

We describe a new species of Selvasaura from the montane forests of the eastern slopes of the Andes in northern Peru, based on external and hemipenial morphological characters and previous phylogenetic analyses. The new species can be differentiated from the other two Selvasaura species in having keeled dorsal scales usually flanked by longitudinal striations, in adults and juveniles; adult males with a yellow vertebral stripe bordered by broad dark brown stripes on each side and a unilobed hemipenis surrounded by the branches of the sulcus spermaticus. The description of the new species contributes information about new states of diagnostic characters of Selvasaura and natural history.
Crisis in Competency: A Defining Moment in Nursing Education
Authors: Kavanagh Joan , Sharpnack Patricia
Published: July 2021

Advancing the mission of nursing education for a future we cannot yet fully conceive is a daunting task. The rapidly changing healthcare landscape is an exciting world of innovation, digital transformation, and accelerated knowledge creation that offers hopeful, and infinite possibilities to improve patient care, safety, and outcomes. New data suggest a continuing decline in the initial preparedness of new nurses at a time when preparation is most needed. We must adapt and embrace pedagogies relevant to a new generation of learners. In this article, we first describe the digital disruption informed by innovation moving at warp speed, catalyzing necessary and long overdue change not only in healthcare, but in how education is conceptualized and delivered. Leading and promoting the paradigm shift needed for this change is not discretionary as nurse educators strive to enhance the competency of new registered nurses. Leaders in nursing education have initiated efforts to appraise the state of the academy and find approaches to lessen the transition gap, such as competency-based education. We discuss current trends at this defining moment in nursing education, and strategies to leverage the tipping point as educators mobilize to prepare future nurses for successful collaborative artificial intelligence-infused, clinical practice.
An Historical View of Nursing and Polio
Authors: Pattison Kelley
Published: July 2021

Poliomyelitis, a disease which required special nursing care for its victims, impacted many in the nursing profession prior to vaccine availability in 1955. This article describes polio transmission, and how polio research, funding, and treatment led to advances in nursing and changes in nurse’s role in the care of patients with polio. Prior to the advent of polio vaccines, effective, compassionate nursing care prevented the crippling effects of the disease. Historically, public health nurses often led the preparation to respond to outbreaks. Once polio vaccines became available, nurses shifted their efforts to vaccination clinics and care for patients with post-polio syndrome. Considerations for polio vaccination today may include parental fear and the need for appropriate education. The article explores the impact of nurses in the different phases of care for polio, such as combating epidemics; treating victims; providing education for the public; and helping to eradicate the disease.
Organisationalité et organisation totalitaire dans la société chinoise sous Mao
Authors: Hardy Mylène
Published: July 2021

Cet article examine le processus de l’organisation totalitaire de la société maoïste à l’œuvre au sein de la sphère privée représentée dans un corpus de 774 lettres échangées dans une famille chinoise. Pensée comme une structure totalitaire communiste, cette société est censée aboutir à une hyper-organisation incluant entièrement les individus, à travers un processus identificatoire lié à l’isolement et à la destruction de la sphère privée. Pourtant, son étude pragmatique à partir de l’examen des relations communicationnelles entre les différents actants, humains, matériels et discursifs, montre la complexité des interactions actantielles quotidiennes qui à la fois ordonnent et désordonnent l’hyper-organisation en train de se faire.
Résilience collective assistée : les apports des TIC dans le contexte de la Covid-19
Authors: Comtet Isabelle
Published: July 2021

Le télétravail a peiné à se développer jusqu’à la crise de la Covid19 : dans ce contexte, les Technologies d’Information et de communication (TIC) et les Systèmes d’information (SI) ont facilité une grande partie des acteurs du secteur tertiaire afin de permettre une continuité de leur activité professionnelle à distance. Cette utilisation, plus ou moins « forcée » des dispositifs sociotechniques dans ce cadre, a fait naitre une résilience collective. Sans méconnaitre les limites et difficultés du télétravail, ce processus de résilience collective assistée par les TIC permet, au moins à court terme, une poursuite de l’activité professionnelle malgré la distance.
Criatividade em debate: sentidos do conceito expressos no jornal Arte & Educação (1970-1978)
Authors: Osinski Dulce Regina Baggio , Santini Jacyara Batista
Published: July 2021

Este artigo analisa o conceito de criatividade abordado nos textos publicados no jornal Arte & Educação, vinculado à Escolinha de Arte do Brasil (EAB), no período de sua existência, entre 1970 e 1978, relacionando-o ao ideal de educação pela arte defendido à época por artistas, educadores, jornalistas e psicólogos. O método de análise buscou apoio nas reflexões sobre imprensa educacional/pedagógica de Caspard, Nóvoa, Catani, Souza e Campos, e no diálogo com a história dos conceitos a partir de Koselleck. Como fontes, além do jornal Arte & Educação, foram utilizados artigos publicados em jornais e revistas em circulação no Rio de Janeiro, tais como Diário de Notícias, Correio da Manhã, Última Hora, Revista da Semana e Careta.
A realidade do aluno como tradição pedagógica em disputa na geografia escolar (1920-2020)
Authors: Cabral Thiago Manhães , Cecim Jéssica Rodrigues da Silva , Straforini Rafael
Published: July 2021

O artigo analisa, a partir de materiais didáticos e documentos curriculares selecionados dos últimos 100 anos (1920/2020), a dimensão pedagógica da realidade do aluno como elemento primaz do ensino de geografia ao longo de sua história. Entendemos a realidade do aluno como um discurso cujo sentido está em disputa por diferentes concepções de ensino de Geografia. Como resultado do artigo, demarcamos quatro momentos da disciplina no Brasil: hegemonização da geografia escolar moderna e a realidade do aluno como parte da renovação do ensino; dimensão do real na temporalidade dos estudos sociais; renovação crítica baseada nas teorias da aprendizagem e noção de totalidade para a apreensão do real; análise de princípios geográficos no contexto da BNCC e a realidade em função da espacialidade do fenômeno. Assim, concluímos que o sentido de realidade do aluno transita pelos momentos políticos e epistemológicos da geografia escolar.
Tramas conceptuales e institucionales en la historia de la educación bilingüe en México
Authors: Ayala Susana
Published: July 2021

A partir de la descripción del proyecto educativo del primer Centro Coordinador Indigenista en los Altos de Chiapas, muestro que la noción de educación bilingüe y la propuesta de unificar el sistema educativo para la población indígena en México tuvieron antecedentes desde inicios de los años cincuenta. Analizo cómo los desplazamientos semánticos de los conceptos y contenidos ideológicos de ‘educación bilingüe’ y ‘unificación educativa’ determinaron distintas prácticas de enseñanza y de formación de maestros en 1954 y 1964. Estudio las pugnas institucionales entre los antropólogos y lingüistas indigenistas con los funcionarios de las dependencias educativas en Chiapas y finalmente, propongo que como resultado de las tensiones políticas e ideológicas se acuñó el uso de ‘lengua indígena’ como otra noción conceptual que requiere una mirada analítica renovada.
Maria de Lourdes Nogueira
Authors: Oliveira Paloma Rezende de , Costa Nailda Marinho
Published: July 2021

Este estudo foca o percurso de Maria de Lourdes Nogueira que, na década de 1920, destacou-se por suas publicações de cunho libertário em revistas e na imprensa, e atuou no Movimento Anarquista. Na década de 1930, ingressou no corpo docente do Colégio Pedro II, então constituído majoritariamente por homens. Na perspectiva assinalada por Ginzburg (2006), as fontes foram interrogadas no sentido de mapear os caminhos que ela percorreu e as relações que estabeleceu, a fim de compreender as estratégias que ela utilizou e as mudanças que viabilizaram sua inserção no CPII. O aporte teórico que permitiu desnaturalizar a subordinação feminina foi Perrot (2012), Saffioti (2013) e Louro (2007), e dialogar com a trajetória de mulheres anarquistas: Rago (2012), Martins (2009, 2013) e Fraccaro (2018).
A Study on Prevalence and Factors Associated with Depression among Elderly Residing in Tenements Under Resettlement Scheme, Kancheepuram District, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Kumar Buvnesh M , Raja T. K. , Liaquathali Fasna , Maruthupandian Jasmine , Raja Pragadeesh V.
Published: July 2021

Background:

Mental disorders have got high prevalence and low priority among the elderly in most of the countries worldwide, of which depression being the most common treatable condition. The causes for elderly depression are multifactorial and preventable.

Objective:

The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of depression and to assess the factors associated with depression among the elderly age.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among participants more than 60 years of age residing in tenements under resettlement scheme in Semmenchery, Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu with a sample size of 184. Systematic sampling method was adopted to collect data at participants door step. A predesigned, pretested questionnaire was used to assess the factors associated with depression, and the Geriatric depression scale-30 was used to assess depression. The data were analyzed using SPSS and Chi-square <0.05 was considered significant.

Results:

The overall prevalence of depression was 35.3%. The factors such as female gender, educational status, occupation, type of family, financial dependency, history of depression, smoking and medical factors such as hypertension, cardiac disease, and chronic kidney disease and life events like conflict in family, unemployment, and financial problem were statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Loss of spouse, financial dependency, neglected care, lack of awareness about the disease were found to be barriers in reaching basic mental health care for the elderly. Depression remains one of the main causes of DALY, especially among elders. National Program for Health care of elderly provides doorstep services, so incorporation of depression screening into that can impart the effects of depression on quality of life and DALY.
The Effect of Mindfulness on Quality of Life among Women with Premature Ovarian Insufficiency
Authors: Pyri Fatemeh , Abedi Parvin , Maraghi Elham , Jefreh Maryam Gholamzadeh
Published: July 2021

Background:

Premature ovarian insufficiency may impair the quality of life and expose women to disorders such as cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and depression. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of mindfulness on the quality of life in women with premature ovarian insufficiency.

Methods:

This study involved 62 women who were randomly allocated into two groups of mindfulness and control. The mindfulness group received eight sessions of training. A demographic questionnaire, menopause-specific quality of life and a checklist (for assessing hot flashes) were used to collect the data. The quality of life, frequency, and intensity of hot flashes were measured before the intervention, immediately, and 3 months after it. Independent t-test, the Chi-square test, and the repeated measure test were used for data analysis.

Results:

The scores of quality of life dropped from 95.6 ± 9.77 at baseline to 77.32 ± 7.93 after intervention and 48.32 ± 4.96 at 3-months follow-up in the mindfulness group but rose from 99.5 ± 16.1 at baseline to 100.2 ± 15.33 after intervention, and 102.6 ± 14.9 3-months after it in the control group, P < 0.001. The scores of vasomotor, psychological, physical, and sexual domains also improved significantly in the mindfulness group compared to the control group. The mean of hot flashes in the mindfulness group was 1.30 ± 0.69 and decreased to 1.1 ± 0.56 and 0.66 ± 0.58 immediately and in 3 months after intervention, respectively. The frequency of hot flashes was 14.74 ± 10.4 per week before intervention in the mindfulness group which reduced to 12.38 ± 8.66 and 6.74 ± 6.34 per week, immediately and 3 months after the intervention, while in the control group, there was an increase in the frequency of hot flashes (P < 0.0001).

Conclusion:

According to the results of this study, mindfulness could improve quality of life and reduce hot flashes, so mindfulness training for women with premature ovarian insufficiency is strongly recommended.
COVID-19 “Long-Haulers”: Caring for Older People in the Aftermath of a Global Pandemic
Authors: Sibicky Stephanie L.
Published: July 2021

The coronavirus pandemic raised many questions about how to optimally care for older people as
evidenced by the vulnerability of this population to the virus over the past eighteen months. Not only are older people at a higher risk for contracting the disease but also for experiencing the severest forms of COVID-19. Unfortunately, many have succumbed to this relentless and devastating virus. Those who survive may encounter added challenges including the long-term sequelae of COVID-19. In the aftermath of this pandemic, how can healthcare professionals effectively care for older people experiencing long-term complications of this disease?
Anticancer Therapy in COVID-19 Patients: A Descriptive Literature Review
Authors: Tripathi Nishita , Sheikh Daniya , Antimisiaris Demetra
Published: July 2021

Objective:To provide a descriptive literature review about the effects of anticancer treatment on clinical outcomes because of active COVID-19 infection in older people.Data Sources:A literature search was conducted in Google Scholar, PubMed, American Society of Clinical Oncology, European Society for Medical Oncology, and the Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Articles published in English between December 1, 2019, to September 1, 2020, were included.Study Selection:Nine studies assessing the effectiveness of various modalities for cancer treatments in patients infected with COVID-19 infection were reviewed. The studies reviewed the severity of COVID-19 infection outcomes in patients who underwent any anticancer treatment. Studies exclusively focused on older people could not be found, but all studies included older people.Data Synthesis and Results:Early pandemic studies suggested avoiding anticancer treatment during a COVID-19 infection because of poor clinical outcomes and increased mortality. However, the totality of studies reviewed found no association between the continuation of anticancer treatment and adverse COVID-19 outcomes in cancer patients. Adverse COVID-19 infection outcomes and high mortality rates were associated with older cancer patients independent of anticancer therapy.Conclusion:Treatment of cancer could be challenging because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Interruption or delaying the anticancer therapy could increase the burden of overall mortality. This literature review indicated that adverse outcomes because of COVID-19 are associated with advanced age independent of anticancer therapy. Further exploration of the correlation between cancer, anticancer treatments, and COVID-19 infection outcomes is needed.
Retrospective Review of Perioperative Multimodal Analgesia for Orthopedic Patients in a Veterans Affairs Setting
Authors: Vartan Christine M. , Romero Nayma Moya , DiScala Sandra L. , Brooks Abigail , Melendez-Benabe John , Silverman Michael
Published: July 2021

Objectives: To determine adherence of perioperative knee/hip arthroplasties and hip fracture repairs to the American Pain Society (APS) guideline recommendations for perioperative pain control. One secondary objective was to perform an internal quality audit on the use of
enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols; another secondary objective was to design an evidence-based, multi-modal perioperative quick-order menu (if warranted). Design/Patients: A retrospective quality improvement (QI) review of uncomplicated knee/hip replacement
and hip fracture repairs from January 2018 through March 2018. Setting: West Palm Beach Veterans Affairs Medical Center (WPB VAMC) including acute care, subacute rehabilitation, and outpatient setting. Main Outcome Measure: Analgesic use in the perioperative
setting via electronic health record review. Results: Forty-seven patients were retrospectively reviewed. Perioperative multi-modal analgesia was used in 85% of patients. Eighty-seven percent were discharged on multi-modal analgesia. There was a 67% response rate to the
internal quality audit on ERAS protocol usage from the orthopedic team. Conclusion: A retrospective QI review completed approximately two years after APS guideline publication showed that compliance with these recommendations for multi-modal analgesia (consisting of the
use of at least two medication classes) at the WPB VAMC in the postoperative setting for knee/hip arthroplasties and hip fracture repairs was 85%. This indicated potential for improvement in achieving a pharmacologic multi-modal and ERAS intervention. The authors developed an evidence-based
quick-order menu to further reinforce adherence to the APS perioperative guidelines.
Evaluation of Provider Acceptance of Pharmacist Recommendations in a High User Patient Population
Authors: Distel Kathrine , Leahy Julianna , King Cynthia A. , Gothard M. Dave
Published: July 2021

Objective:To compare the acceptance rate of pharmacist recommendations in an interdisciplinary team for patients interviewed by the pharmacist versus those assessed by chart review.Design:Retrospective chart review.Setting:Interdisciplinary consultative team in an outpatient setting as part of a large academic health system provided care for “high utilizer” patients.Participants:Sixty-five patients at moderate to high risk of hospitalization who completed their first appointment with the team between March 1, 2019, and December 30, 2019. Most patients were 65 years of age or older and all had Medicare insurance.Interventions:A pharmacist completed a chart review for all patients. A cohort of patients were also interviewed. Recommendations were recorded in the electronic medical record, discussed with the team, and forwarded to the patient’s primary care provider.Results:A total of 253 recommendations were made by pharmacists, with a significantly higher acceptance rate for patients who completed an interview with the pharmacist (40.7% vs. 28.4%;P= 0.046). Patient-specific factors resulting in higher acceptance rates in the interview group included age younger than 65 years (P= 0.013), 10 to 19 medications (P= 0.004), and mental health diagnosis (P= 0.02).Conclusion:The addition of an interview to chart review allowed pharmacists to make recommendations that were more likely to be accepted and therefore more clinically impactful.
Analysis of expression profiling data suggests explanation for difficulties in finding biomarkers for nasal polyps
Authors: Lee E.J. , Gawel D.R. , Lilja S. , Li X. , Schafer S. , Sysoev O. , Zhang H. , Benson M.
Published: July 2021

Background: Identification of clinically useful biomarkers for Nasal Polyposis in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRSwNP) has proven dif-ficult. We analyzed gene expression profiling data to find explanations for this. Methods: We analyzed mRNA expression profiling data, GSE36830, of six uncinate tissues from healthy controls and six NP from CRSwNP patients. We performed Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) of differentially expressed genes to identify pathways and predicted upstream regulators. Results: We identified 1,608 differentially expressed genes and 177 significant pathways, of which Th1 and Th2 activation pathway and leukocyte extravasation signaling were most significant. We identified 75 upstream regulators whose activity was predicted to be upregulated. These included regulators of known pathogenic and therapeutic relevance, like IL-4. However, only seven of the 75 regulators were actually differentially expressed in NP, namely CSF1, TYROBP, CCL2, CCL11, SELP, ADORA3, ICAM1. Interes-tingly, these did not include IL-4, and four of the seven were receptors. This suggested a potential explanation for the discrepancy between the predicted and observed expression levels of the regulators, namely that the receptors, and not their ligands, were upregulated. Indeed, we found that 10 receptors of key predicted upstream regulators were upregulated, including IL4R. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that the difficulties in finding specific biomarkers for CRSwNP depend on the complex underly-ing mechanisms, which include multiple pathways and regulators, each of which may be subdivided into multiple components such as ligands, soluble and membrane-bound receptors. This suggests that combinations of biomarkers may be needed for CRSwNP diagnostics.
Lysozyme expression is increased in the sinus mucosa of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Woods C.M. , Lee V.S. , Hussey D.J. , Irandoust S. , Ooi E.H. , Tan L.W. , Carney A.S.
Published: July 2021

Background: The presence of fungi and bacteria in the paranasal sinuses may contribute to ongoing inflammation. Lysozyme is an innate immune peptide with bactericidal and fungicidal activity. The expression of lysozyme in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is poorly understood and deficiencies in lysozyme expression may contribute to the ongoing inflammation in CRS patients. Objective: Determine lysozyme expression in sinus mucosa of normal and CRS patients with (CRSwNP) and without (CRSsNP) nasal polyps. Methodology: Sinus mucosa specimens (n = 82) were processed for standard histology, immunohistochemical localisation of lysozyme, immunofluorescent localisation of fungi, and qPCR analysis of lysozyme expression. Results: CRS specimens displayed high-levels of lysozyme immunoreactivity in many of the abundant serous cells. Moderate levels were detected in some epithelial cells and inflammatory cells. Low levels were detected in some subepithelial glands of control specimens. No difference in immunoreactivity was detected between CRSwNP and CRSsNP specimens. Fungal elements were not visualised in any sinus specimen. qPCR analysis demonstrated variable lysozyme expression between individuals. Conclusions: Lysozyme protein expression is increased in patients with CRS, suggesting a defect in lysozyme expression is not responsible for the microbial colonisation often associated with CRS. The functional activity of lysozyme in CRS patients needs to be further investigated.
Encoding many-valued logic in $\lambda$-calculus
Authors: de Vries Fer-Jan
Published: July 2021

We will extend the well-known Church encoding of Boolean logic into
$\lambda$-calculus to an encoding of McCarthy's $3$-valued logic into a
suitable infinitary extension of $\lambda$-calculus that identifies all
unsolvables by $\bot$, where $\bot$ is a fresh constant. This encoding refines
to $n$-valued logic for $n\in\{4,5\}$. Such encodings also exist for Church's
original $\lambda\mathbf{I}$-calculus. By way of motivation we consider
Russell's paradox, exploiting the fact that the same encoding allows us also to
calculate truth values of infinite closed propositions in this infinitary
setting.
Distribution Bisimilarity via the Power of Convex Algebras
Authors: Bonchi Filippo , Silva Alexandra , Sokolova Ana
Published: July 2021

Probabilistic automata (PA), also known as probabilistic nondeterministic
labelled transition systems, combine probability and nondeterminism. They can
be given different semantics, like strong bisimilarity, convex bisimilarity, or
(more recently) distribution bisimilarity. The latter is based on the view of
PA as transformers of probability distributions, also called belief states, and
promotes distributions to first-class citizens.
We give a coalgebraic account of distribution bisimilarity, and explain the
genesis of the belief-state transformer from a PA. To do so, we make explicit
the convex algebraic structure present in PA and identify belief-state
transformers as transition systems with state space that carries a convex
algebra. As a consequence of our abstract approach, we can give a sound proof
technique which we call bisimulation up-to convex hull.
Pumping lemmas for weighted automata
Authors: Chattopadhyay Agnishom , Mazowiecki Filip , Muscholl Anca , Riveros Cristian
Published: July 2021

We present pumping lemmas for five classes of functions definable by
fragments of weighted automata over the min-plus semiring, the max-plus
semiring and the semiring of natural numbers. As a corollary we show that the
hierarchy of functions definable by unambiguous, finitely-ambiguous,
polynomially-ambiguous weighted automata, and the full class of weighted
automata is strict for the min-plus and max-plus semirings.
ReLoC Reloaded: A Mechanized Relational Logic for Fine-Grained Concurrency and Logical Atomicity
Authors: Frumin Dan , Krebbers Robbert , Birkedal Lars
Published: July 2021

We present a new version of ReLoC: a relational separation logic for proving
refinements of programs with higher-order state, fine-grained concurrency,
polymorphism and recursive types. The core of ReLoC is its refinement judgment
$e \precsim e' : \tau$, which states that a program $e$ refines a program $e'$
at type $\tau$. ReLoC provides type-directed structural rules and symbolic
execution rules in separation-logic style for manipulating the judgment,
whereas in prior work on refinements for languages with higher-order state and
concurrency, such proofs were carried out by unfolding the judgment into its
definition in the model. ReLoC's abstract proof rules make it simpler to carry
out refinement proofs, and enable us to generalize the notion of logically
atomic specifications to the relational case, which we call logically atomic
relational specifications.
We build ReLoC on top of the Iris framework for separation logic in Coq,
allowing us to leverage features of Iris to prove soundness of ReLoC, and to
carry out refinement proofs in ReLoC. We implement tactics for interactive
proofs in ReLoC, allowing us to mechanize several case studies in Coq, and
thereby demonstrate the practicality of ReLoC.
ReLoC Reloaded extends ReLoC (LICS'18) with various technical improvements, a
new Coq mechanization, and support for Iris's prophecy variables. The latter
allows us to carry out refinement proofs that involve reasoning about the
program's future. We also expand ReLoC's notion of logically atomic relational
specifications with a new flavor based on the HOCAP pattern by Svendsen et al.
Infertility in dairy cows – Possible bacterial and viral causes
Authors: Dobos Attila , Szeredi Levente , Kovačić Mislav , Đuričić Dražen , Kiss István , Dénes Béla , Makrai László , Kreizinger Zsuzsa , Fodor István
Published: July 2021

In this research uterine swab and biopsy samples were collected from 40 infertile dairy cows kept at five dairy cattle farms in Hungary. Samples were tested for bacteria including Coxiella burnetii chlamydiae, Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma, and for the viruses Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) and Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV). Chlamydiaceae DNA was detected by real-time PCR in 22/40 (55%) samples. Coxiella burnetii DNA was detected in 3/40 (7.5%) cases by real-time PCR. Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma DNA was found in 2/40 (5%) and 4/40 (10%) cows, respectively. BVD and BoHV-1 DNA was not detected in any samples. Escherichia coli as a recognised uterine pathogen was found in two cases. The following potential uterine pathogens were found: Bacillus licheniformis (one case), non- haemolytic streptococci (five cases), Histophilus somni (two cases) and Candida krusei (two cases). Blood samples were collected at same time as swab samples from all 40 cows, and their examination for C. burnetii antibodies by ELISA revealed seropositivity in 26/40 cows (65%). Histological examination of the uterine biopsy samples showed the presence of mild lympho-histiocytic infiltration in the mucosain 22 cases (59%). Moderatelympho-histiocytic infiltration of the endometrium was evident in 13 cases (35%), while in two cases (6%) severe inflammatory cell infiltration of the endometrium with lympho-histiocytes and neutrophil granulocytes was found. Although no statistical correlation could be demonstrated between the severity of histological lesions of the endometrium and the uterine pathogenicity of the bacteria (P = 0.8555), endometritis of a certain severity grade and/or a recognised or potential uterine pathogen were found in all samples. The latter may play a role in the development of infertility either collectively or independently.
Between Dissent and Consensus, Resistance and Counter-Resistance: Design Practice as a Common Project-Process for Plural Possibilities of Being and Becoming
Authors: Del Gaudio Chiara , Tanaka Samara , Pastori Douglas Onzi
Published: July 2021

This paper is a contribution to the discussion on the ethical and political limitations of institutionalised, dominant design practices and on the need to rethink the ways in which they operate. It points out that institutionalised design processes act as a dispositive of power that not only capture and colonise forms of life, but that also shape territories, bodies and languages through normative models that are exogenous to them. This discussion is crucial when thinking about the role that design has played in nurturing current crises. This paper is an inquiry into the possibility of design practice that is not institutionalised either by sovereign designing designers or by subordinated designed users, but that constitutes itself according to dynamics where design emerges as a common project-process of creative possibilities of being and becoming. Crucial aspects for a non-institutionalised design practice are identified through the analysis of a design experience with communities in Rio de Janeiro favelas. This paper shows how this design experience is based on a design approach that, through discursive structures, dynamically supports and is informed by dissent and consensus, and by the interplay between resistance and counter-resistance.
NOTAS SOBRE TRABALHO E ENSINO REMOTO EMERGENCIAL NO CONTEXTO DA PANDEMIA DE COVID-19
Authors: Barros Palma da Rosa Letícia , Retana Jimenez Juan , Fernanda Januário Virginia , Maria Maia Susana , Santos de Abreu Katthelyn Cristina
Published: July 2021

O presente artigo tem por objetivo problematizar a adoção do ensino remoto emergencial no contexto da Pandemia de Covid-19, com ênfase nos impactos sobre o trabalho docente. Parte-se da experiência construída no âmbito do Departamento Interdisciplinar da Universidade Federal Fluminense, Campus de Rio das Ostras (composto por professores dos cursos de Serviço Social e Enfermagem), em especial, do estudo exploratório acerca do perfil docente sistematizado no período inicial da pandemia, no intuito de subsidiar a construção de proposta de desenvolvimento de atividades de ensino, pesquisa e extensão no formato remoto, devido às condições sanitárias e de contenção à disseminação da Covid-19. Os dados apresentados, que se referem ao primeiro semestre de 2020, subsidiaram uma leitura ampla das condições de trabalho e de saúde levadas em consideração para o planejamento de atividades realizadas de forma remota. É possível identificar, a partir dos mesmos, que o contexto da pandemia – e do trabalho remoto – afetaram diretamente as relações de trabalho e vida das (os) professoras (es), desde a organização do trabalho docente e trabalho doméstico, como de suas relações interpessoais e aspectos relacionados à saúde mental. Por fim, considera-se que, apesar dos limites e das imposições advindas da própria Universidade, os estudos e levantamentos realizados no período, constituem-se forma de resistência e defesa da educação pública, gratuita, de qualidade, socialmente referenciada e universal.
FORMAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL EM SERVIÇO SOCIAL NO BRASIL E PARAGUAI
Authors: Silva Neri Filipe , Da Silva Maria Geusina
Published: July 2021

O presente artigo pretende apresentar as semelhanças e diferenças no processo de formação profissional dos assistentes sociais no Arco Sul do MERCOSUL, tendo como referência os cursos de Serviço Social/Trabajo Social da Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana e Universidade Nacional de Assunção, no Brasil e Paraguai. Buscou-se, a partir de revisão de literatura e documental, descrever como se deu a construção das propostas pedagógicas dos respectivos cursos, identificando as entidades representativas da categoria profissional envolvidas, conhecendo os marcos regulatórios e jurídico-normativos que fundamentam e balizam a formação em Serviço Social/Trabajo Social nos países estudados. As incursões possibilitaram identificar que ambas propostas formativas estudadas vêm buscando formar assistentes sociais/trabajadores sociales com perfil capaz de intervir e que materializem ações que estejam condizentes com os princípios dos Códigos de Ética e das Leis que regulamentam a profissão; a existência de elementos que se materializam de modo mais simétricos do que assimétricos, demonstrando a possibilidade de intercambiar saberes, práticas e conhecimentos entre as duas instituições de ensino, assim como seu respectivo aprofundamento com os demais países da América Latina e Caribe.
DUGME: POETIKA SIMBOLIČKE MINIJATURE U DNEVNIKU O ČARNOJEVIĆU MILOŠA CRNjANSKOG I HAMLETU VILIJAMA ŠEKSPIRA
Authors:   University of Kragujevac Faculty of Philology and Arts, Nikolić Časlav , Bubanja Nikola
Published: July 2021

The paper analyzes the narrative and symbolic values of the button in Miloš Crnjanski’s novel The Journal of Čarnojević. In the perturbation that occurs when the hero, during the meeting with his beloved, angrily but inadvertently tears the buttons off her dress, traces of the gap that will determine their marital relationship can be recognized. The button that falls and exposes the girl is a sign of overstepping and destabilization of the ontological union of two beings. This destabilization – the rudeness of the hero, the agitation, the withdrawal and fall of the woman – is determined by the self-challenging forces of the subject itself. The crisis as a state of the modern subject in Crnjanski’s novel is viewed against the relationship between Shakespeare’s Hamlet and Ophelia. The button in Shakespeare’s dramatic literature, a sign of disruption of order and of the negation of action, is a sign of theatricality and dissembling; the unbuttoned Hamlet seduces Ophelia, and others through her, painting a coldness falling quite short of the lyricism of Crnjanski. In fact, it seems that only against this tense lyricism can Hamlet be made ready to be read as a lyrical misinterpretation of arid theatrical coldness. The lyrical force of modernity in Crnjanski’s novel transforms the torn off buttons into marks of nightmarish existences, upheavals of old ideas and concepts, the dismantling of the categories of subject, identity, history, metaphysics, language. A symbolic miniature, a button is a scene on which an entire poetics presents itself.
Odlike epa i epske tehnike na primeru „Epa o Gilgamešu“
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Philology, Mirčetić Predrag
Published: July 2021

The paper presents and explains the basic features of the epic as a literary genre, as well as the most important epic techniques, on the example of the Sumerian-Babylonian Epic of Gilgamesh. In the first part of the paper, the author uses examples from the Epic of Gilgamesh to discuss the most important epic features such as the idealized hero, a series of adventures (episodes) around the hero, the hero’s friend and epic extensiveness. In the second part, the author analyzes epic techniques such as retardation, digression, episode, anticipation and retrospection in the Epic of Gilgamesh. In the final part of the paper, the author concludes on the basis of the obtained results that the Epic of Gilgamesh represents the foundation and model of the entire epic poetry.
Zavičajni prostor u „Hronici moje varoši“ Momčila Nastasijevića i romanu „Nišči“ Vidosava Stevanovića
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Philology and Arts, Matić Aleksandra
Published: July 2021

The paper deals with the imagination of the homeland, based on the modernistic recontextualization of the mythical-folklore pattern, in Momcilo Nastasijević’s short stories collection Hronika moje varoši and in Vidosav Stevanović’s novel Nišči. The aim of the paper is to point out the mythopoetic meanings of toponyms and microtoponyms, which form a fictional map of “impure” localities of the homeland, onto- logically autonomous in relation to the real world and imbued with special semantic layers. Considering that the space is inextricably permeated with faces and events in the analyzed literary works, the paper also deals with the relationship between spatial charac- teristics and mental, moral, biological weaknesses of the locals, due to which an aura of “evil fate” is created over the homeland.
Upravljanje promenama i osiguranje kvaliteta u srednjim stručnim školama u Srbiji: stavovi direktora
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Education in Jagodina, Teodorović Jelena , Živković Radovan ,   Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development
Published: July 2021

Vocational secondary schools in Serbia are under pressure to make changes in their work. Their principals have quality assurance mechanisms at their disposal that can facilitate the introduction of changes, but at the same time they must take into account the “human”, “soft” side of change. This paper aimed to examine aspects of in- troducing changes in vocational secondary schools from the perspective of their principals. The research was combined; in the quantitative component, 61 principals were surveyed with a questionnaire, while in the qualitative component, 16 principals participated in two focus groups. The findings indicate that principals are largely satisfied with various aspects of introducing changes in their schools, but also that there is a certain lack of motivation for change in employees, that the implementation of activities is the most vulnerable phase of change, that accountability mechanisms are mostly lacking and that focus is somewhat missing in the most important of all changes – in teaching and learning.