bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Polyhydroxybutyrate accumulation of \(\textit{ Bacillus}\) sp. strains using water hyacinth hydrolysate as a carbon source
Authors: Nguyen Kim Thoa , Nhung Lai Thi Hong , Nguyen Thi Da , La Thi Huyen , Yen Dao Hai
Published: September 2022

The microbial cells can store energy in the form of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) while the nutrient sources are exhausted but have an excess of carbon sources. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) was known as one of the most common PHA. Currently, PHB is assessed as a potential alternative to petroleum-based plastics such as HDPE, PP. In addition, PHB can be obtained from different microbes through the fermentation of renewable and sustainable materials such as waste from food or cassava starch industry, and other agricultural by-products. Although the spread of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is becoming a problem in many provinces, it still is considered an opulent biomass source. Besides the application in the removal of heavy metals from wastewater, or making animal feed and fertilizer, water hyacinth can be converted into a carbon source used in microbial fermentation. This paper indicates the PHA synthesis ability of 28 bacterial strains which were isolated from soybean-growing soil samples and the Cau Dien Waste-treatment Plant’s mud samples. Based on their PHA accumulation capability while using C5 and C6 sugars as carbon sources, Bacillus sp. AI 10 and Bacillus sp. CRCXL 2.2 were chosen to synthesize PHA using the water hyacinth hydrolysate as a carbon source. Pretreated water hyacinth biomass using Ca(OH)2 was subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis with a suitable ratio of Cellic→CTec2 and Cellic→HTec2, which resulted in a 409.5 mg total reducing sugars/g pretreated biomass. After 48 hours of fermentation, the dry biomass and accumulated PHA amount from Bacillus sp. AI 10 and Bacillus sp. CRCXL 2.2 were 4.79 g/L, 51.2% and 3.84 g/L, 34.7%, respectively. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of both strains’ PHA structure showed that they can accumulate the homopolymer of PHB. From these results, it is possible to produce PHB by microorganisms from water hyacinth biomass, and participate in the circular bio-economic chain.
Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from \(\textit{Magnolia balansae}\) A. DC. growing in Vietnam
Authors: Hà Chu Thị Thu , Huy Thai Tran , Thi Hien Nguyen , Ngoc Diep Le , Thi Thu Thuy Dinh
Published: September 2022

Essential oils of Magnolia balansae A. DC. growing wild in Son La (leaf, twig and fruit) and Phu Tho (fruit) provinces of Vietnam were obtained by hydrodistillation and were analyzed using GC/MS-FID. From 30 to 49 compounds were identified accounting for 66.1–80.0% of the oils. Spathulenol (33.9%, 20.7%, and 11.2%), and caryophyllene oxide (10.0%, 10.1%, and 9.3%) were the main components of leaf, twig and fruit oils of M. balansae, respectively, from Son La province. Linalool (13.8%) was also the main component of fruit oil. While, in the fruit oil of M. balansae from Phu Tho province, cis-β-elemene (10.4%) was the sole main component. The antimicrobial activity of the oils was tested against 3 microorganism strains using an agar disk diffusion method with inhibitory zone diameters ranging from 13.5 to 40 mm. IC50 and MIC of the M. balansae oils were determined using a microdilution broth susceptibility assay against 7 microorganism strains. Among them, Bacillus subtilis had the highest sensitivity with IC50 values (ranging from 57.0 to 82.0 µg/mL) and MIC value (512 µg/mL). This is the first study on the chemical composition of essential oils of M. balansae and their antimicrobial activity.
The essential oil composition of aerial parts of Artemisia austriaca Jacq. from three accessions of Northern Kazakhstan
Authors: ISSAYENKO Olessya , PATHAK Ashutosh , KABANOVA Svetlana , KREKOVA Yana , KABANOV Andrey , KIRILLOV Vitaliy
Published: September 2022

In the flora of Kazakhstan there are many medicinal plants, of which the genus Artemisia (Asteraceae) includes 81 species. In the current study, chemical composition of essential oil from aerial parts of Artemisia austriaca Jacq. collected from different sites of Northern Kazakhstan was determined using GC-MS analysis. The chemical analysis demonstrated that the oil was dominated by oxygenated monoterpenes amounting to 39.49-59.20% with camphor (7.03-20.52%), 1,8-cineole (8.95-13.55%), α-thujone (3.16-25.78%) and β-thujone (0.87-9.92%) as major constituents. The results also suggested that there was difference in composition as well as amount among different sites depending on pH and organic matter of the soil. Further chemometric analysis using hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) of A. austriaca essential oil compositions from the published literature as well as the composition from present study were used in order to demonstrate geographical variations in the composition of the essential oils. It showed the existence of two main clusters: mixture of α- and β-thujones (32.5±21.6%) / 1,8-cineole (13.9±7.8%) (Cluster I) and camphor (40.5±17.4%) / 1,8-cineole (19.4±9.5%) (Cluster II).
The change of phytochemical profile in beet juice and the influence of different storage conditions during one year
Authors: PAVLOVIĆ Nenad , ZDRAVKOVIĆ Milan , MLADENOVIĆ Jelena , TOMIĆ Dalibor , MARJANOVIĆ Miloš , MORAVČEVIĆ Đorđe , ZDRAVKOVIĆ Jasmina
Published: September 2022

Many scientific researches proved the antioxidative impact of beet and its products. The use of vegetable juices is getting more popular in human diet. The way of storage plays an important role in preservation, long life and minimal variability of phytonutrients. The storage of products, usually in inappropriate conditions, leads to additional loss of phytonutrients, which have already been decreased by processing. In this research, we studied the impact of three ways of storage of pasteurised beet juice during one year, on content of some nutrients (total sugars, vitamin C, phenols and total antioxidative capacity). Pasteurised juice was stored in three ways: in light, at room temperature, in dark, at room temperature and in dark, at temperature of 4 °C. The change of content and differences have been followed during one month and confirmed with ANOVA and Tukey's test. The lowest changes of total sugars have been recorded in storage in dark at 4 °C, while in storage in light, the sugar content increased. The losses of vitamin C during one year of storage had linear trend of decrease. Antioxidative capacity of beet juice depends on concentration of phenol compounds and loss of these parameters was similar during period of one year. The best way of storage was dark place at low temperature.
Palynological diversity of highly medicinal rare, endangered, and threatened plants from Western Himalaya, India
Authors: KUMAR Bushan , SINGH Kanwaljeet , KUMAR Pankaj , BATOOL Zohra , DHIMAN Shakti K. , GAIROLA Sumeet
Published: September 2022

The present study investigated the palynological diversity of highly medicinal Rare, Endangered, and Threatened (RET) plant species dwelling in higher altitudes of Western Himalaya, India. The pollen morphology of 32 plant species covering 29 genera, 23 families, and 18 orders of Angiosperms was analyzed by Light Microscopy (LM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The families of the studied plant species have been arranged and discussed following the evolutionary sequence as per the updated version of Angiosperm Phylogeny Group ІV. The studied pollen characters were found to be helpful in the delimitation of taxa at the species level. In the studied monocots, the species belonging to order Zingiberales, Asparagales, and Liliales followed the general trend of having primitive inaperturate to advance monosulcate pollen except for Alismatales which had inaperturate pollen and placed after the orders mentioned above in the APG ІV classification system. The pollen aperture of the eudicot group in the present study followed the evolutionary pattern from tricolpate to tricolporate and triporate, which corroborated previous reports. All the investigated species of both monocot and eudicot groups had monad pollen units suggesting their primitiveness on the evolutionary scale except for the Rhododendron companulatum (Ericales), having evolutionarily advanced tetrad arrangement. The current study found primitive exine ornamentation in Ranunculales to advance in Asterales, Lamiales, Gentianales, and Boraginales and confirms the results of the previous studies. The data on the pollen morphological features of the studied species generated in the present study will help understand these important high-altitude plant species' reproductive biology and conservation aspects.
La lucha contra la desinformación en Twitter y en la prensa: el debate en torno al #Ministeriodelaverdad en España
Authors: Teruel Rodríguez Laura , Zafra Arroyo Ana
Published: September 2022

En noviembre de 2020 se aprueba en España el Procedimiento de actuación contra la desinformación y suscita una intensa reacción en redes sociales y en los medios sobre las repercusiones que podría desencadenar para la libertad de expresión. El objetivo de este artículo es analizarlo mediante un abordaje metodológico combinado, para observar la confluencia de la preocupación de la sociedad y del periodismo por este caso de estudio. En primer lugar, se ha seleccionado una muestra de más de 35.000 tuits con la etiqueta #Ministeriodelaverdad, en torno a la cual se orquestó el debate. En segundo lugar, se ha llevado a cabo un análisis de contenidos de la cobertura en los principales medios durante un mes (ABC, El Mundo, El País, El Confidencial, El Independiente, Eldiario.es, LaSexta, Telecinco y RTVE). Así, se ha identificado a los perfiles más activos y con más liderazgo en la viralización de la etiqueta, que alimentaron las cámaras de resonancia con sus opiniones y contenidos audiovisuales. Se trata fundamentalmente de cuentas políticas conservadoras y anónimas – éstas con mayor grado de polarización-, que consiguen movilizar a comunidades afines. En los medios, la línea editorial determina claramente la aceptación de este cambio legislativo y la pluralidad de fuentes. Los digitales son más sensibles a la reacción suscitada por el asunto en Twitter. Se halla escasa similitud entre las fuentes políticas representadas en las esferas mediática, centradas en el bipartidismo (PP y PSOE) y expertos de diferentes áreas, y las de la red, donde entre las identificadas se observa un total predominio de liberales y ultraderecha. El trabajo permite observar los cambios en la construcción del espacio público que están induciendo los medios sociales y, en el asunto de la lucha contra los desórdenes informativos, reflexiona sobre la importancia de que los medios de información encabecen la conformación de la opinión pública.
El tratamiento informativo del proceso electoral 2019 en Argentina. Análisis de portales digitales
Authors: Pereyra Rocío , Alonso Exequiel
Published: September 2022

El siguiente trabajo caracteriza el tratamiento informativo durante las elecciones nacionales de 2019 en Argentina, con este propósito se observan y analizan las producciones de 19 portales digitales de diferentes empresas mediáticas del país. A partir de los aportes de la teoría de la Agenda-setting y por medio de la técnica de análisis de contenido cuantitativo se analiza la relevancia temática, la arena de acción de los acontecimientos, los atributos de la cobertura informativa, las fuentes utilizadas y los actores mencionados. En los resultados se da cuenta de que las noticias sobre la campaña electoral contribuyen a la polarización política con una agenda temática acotada y centrada en asuntos del proceso electoral y otros relacionados con la economía del país, también que existe una centralidad en los actores mencionados, con énfasis en candidatos presidenciales de los partidos políticos con mayores chances de una victoria electoral, y predominio de fuentes del ámbito político, lo que reduce la posibilidad de que otros espacios de la ciudadanía puedan establecer en los medios sus interpretaciones respecto al proceso electoral. En las conclusiones se relacionan las características de la cobertura con el contexto periodístico en Argentina y las oportunidades de proveer a la ciudadanía de información de calidad.
SEARCHING FOR MEANINGS: A CRITICAL-REFLEXIVE ANALYSIS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP APPROPRIATION IN BRAZILIAN TOWNS
Authors: Valadares Josiel Lopes , Macedo Suélem Viana , Melo James Rocha Rodrigues de
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT This research aims to develop a critical-reflexive analysis of entrepreneurship in public administration based on two significant works of Alberto Guerreiro Ramos: ‘The sociological reduction’ and ‘The new science of organizations.’ The research is qualitative, based on bibliographic, documentary data, in-depth interviews, online questionnaires, and direct observation. The results show that the challenges present in the context of study indicate that small municipalities can present fertile ground for the development of entrepreneurial practices. The analyses have also shown that the main deficiencies of the small towns are the managers’ lack of training, the lack of effective articulation with the federal level, the lack of an environment capable of fostering proactivity and participation, the financial crisis, and the necessary behaviors and arrangements. A huge gap for the development of effective businesss practice is the loose coordination of the Union, states and cities, which is a historical feature of the country.
Lançamento de uma sonda atmosférica de baixo custo
Authors: Sousa Phablo Araújo de , Paula Karla Suélita Silva de , Honório Daniela , Silva David Michael da , Martins Alessandro , Bolzan Maurício J.A.
Published: September 2022

Radiossondas, também chamadas de sondas atmosféricas, são muito utilizadas para a aquisição de diversas variáveis atmosféricas com finalidades desde previsão de tempo e, também, em segurança aeronáutica. Estas, porém, tem um custo elevado de aquisição por serem importadas. Por isso, neste trabalho será exposto o resultado de um lançamento de uma sonda desenvolvida utilizando materiais de baixo custo com resultados muito interessantes. A telemetria utilizada (comunicação via Morse e SDR) permitiu à comunicação a longa distância. Além disso, este projeto teve por objetivo fazer com que os alunos se envolvessem nas diversas etapas do projeto, desde o planejamento, construção, lançamento, recuperação e análise de dados meteorológicos obtidos.
Depicting routes and centralities: preparing and investigating Road Centre Lines for Angular Segment Analysis in two Brazilian cities
Authors: Donegan Lucy , Silva Felipe Tavares da
Published: September 2022

Abstract Axial and RCL (Road Centre Lines) models are street network representations used as base for space syntax Angular Segment Analysis (ASA) studies of centralities in cities. Although RCL is widely adopted for ASA, steps to treat RCL seem uncompleted. On the other hand, in Brazil many studies maintain axial models for ASA, despite standardization and updating limitations. Understanding models’ importance as it affects results, and in order to advance more confidently in studies, this paper compares axial and different modes of Open Street Map RCL ASA for two medium-to-large sized north-eastern Brazilian cities (Joao Pessoa and Natal). Closeness and betweenness centralities (i.e., measures of integration and choice) are studied for the city and their old city centres, as well as interrelations between centralities for different scales. Although all models work differently, they capture city centralities and scale dynamics, pointing towards natural urban voids in both cities accentuating routes movement hierarchies. Understanding some limitations in RCL simplifications proposed so far, a further procedure is presented that yielded good results in terms of route depiction and highlighting city centralities reading, while allowing more standardized and easily updated city models, especially relevant for rapidly changing Brazilian cities.
Development of New Mixed-Metal Ruthenium and Iridium Oxides as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution: Part II
Authors: Clayton Jasmine A. , Walton Richard I.
Published: September 2022

We continue our review of recent research into oxides of platinum group metals (pgms), in particular those of ruthenium and iridium, for use as electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In Part I (), the electrocatalytic splitting of water to oxygen and hydrogen was introduced as a key process in developing future devices for various energy-related applications. A survey of ruthenium and iridium oxide structures for oxygen evolution reaction catalysis was presented. Part II discusses mechanistic details and acid stability of pgm oxides and presents the conclusions and outlook. We highlight emerging work that shows how leaching of the base metals from the multinary compositions occurs during operation to yield active pgm-oxide phases, and how attempts to correlate stability with crystal structure have been made. Implications of these discoveries for the balance of activity and stability needed for effective electrocatalysis in real devices are discussed.
NTRK Somatic Fusions and Tumor Agnostic Treatment in Pediatric Cancers
Authors: İNCESOY ÖZDEMİR Sonay , ŞİMŞEK Ayça Yağmur , ÜNAL Emel
Published: September 2022

Neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase (NTRK) gene rearrangements have been recently identified and developed as one of the biomarkers that have been utilized as new targets for cancer therapy. NTRK gene fusions have taken their place in individualized targeted therapy by being used as a predictive (diagnostic) biomarker as well as a treatment target. Selective inhibitors of NTRK fusion proteins have potent efficacy in the treatment of NTRK fusion-positive solid tumors. Detection of these fussions have become important since the finding of new drugs for which U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted approval are used on the treatment of patients who has NTRK fussions positive cansers. Clinical trials have shown that first generation tyrosine receptor kinase (TRK) inhibitors, larotrectinib (Vitrakvi, Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceutical Inc, New Jersey, U.S.) and entrectinib (Rozlytrek, Genentech Inc, California, U.S.), have potent efficacy in the treatment of NTRK fusion positive cancers. In the future, with the increase in the number of comprehensive studies on these drugs further information will become available and beneficial.
Comitê de Pronunciamentos Contábeis
Authors: Lima do Nascimento Narelly , Santos Josiane Silva Costa dos , Meireles Sheila Santos de , Melo Sonia Aparecida Beato Ximenes de , Servilha Graziele Oliveira Aragão , Panhoca Luiz
Published: September 2022

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar as características dos artigos científicos publicados em periódicos de contabilidade no período de 2008 a 2020, com o tema Comitê de Pronunciamentos Contábeis. Trata-se, nesse caso, de um estudo bibliométrico e de rede social, o qual seguiu as leis de Bradford, Zipf e Lotka, caracterizado como descritivo, com abordagem quali-quantitativa. A base de dados utilizada foi a plataforma Sucupira, da qual foram, previamente, selecionadas 18 revistas, com classificação Qualis/Capes A1, A2, B1 e B2, em um recorte temporal de 2008 a 2020. Os critérios de busca utilizaram os descritores “Comitê de Pronunciamentos Contábeis e CPC” no título, resumo e nas palavras-chave concomitantemente, delimitando estudos que abordassem especificamente um ou mais pronunciamentos contábeis. Assim, resultou uma amostra de 103 artigos. Os dados foram tabulados com o uso do Microsoft Office Excel, software Ucinet 6.726, para análise das redes sociais; e a ferramenta WordArt para elaborar a nuvem de palavras. Os resultados indicaram que as publicações acerca do tema tiveram maior destaque no ano de 2015, com 18 publicações; os autores que mais publicaram foram Vera Maria Rodrigues Ponte, José Augusto Veiga da Costa Marques, Patrícia Vasconcelos Rocha Mapurunga; a USP se destacou como a mais profícua das IES, seguida da UFRJ, UFC, UERJ e USP-Ribeirão Preto; e o periódico que mais publicou sobre o tema foi a revista Pensar Contábil. As motivações que levaram a desenvolver esta pesquisa são diversas, dentre as quais o forte interesse em conhecer mais das edições, revisões dos pronunciamentos e circunstâncias do mercado. Os pronunciamentos mais pesquisados foram CPC 29, CPC 04 e CPC 25.
Seasonal nutritive value and in vitro fermentation kinetics of foliage of some multipurpose shrub species in northeastern Mexico
Authors: Chávez Espinoza Miguel , Bernal Barragán Hugo , Guerrero Cervantes Maribel , Cantú Silva Israel , Cotera Correa Mauricio , González Rodríguez Humberto , Estrada Castillón Andrés Eduardo
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to determine seasonal chemical composition, metabolizable energy (ME) concentration, in vitro gas production patterns, in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) and in vitro true organic matter digestibility (IVTOMD) of foliage from 5 native shrub species (Celtis pallida, Croton suaveolens, Forestiera angustifolia, Guaiacum angustifolium and Parkinsonia aculeata) growing in semi-arid areas of northeastern Mexico between July 2018 and June 2019 at 2 research sites. Crude protein (CP) concentrations (>13.2% DM) found in leaf material should meet or exceed the requirements for maintenance of small ruminants; C. pallida provided the highest CP% (20.8‒29.3%). While CP% varied with season and site, species had a greater effect than either of those factors overall. ME concentrations ranged between 1.2 and 2.0 Mcal/kg DM. Neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber concentrations ranged from 29.8 to 51.7% DM and 9.8 to 33.0% DM, respectively. Data obtained for IVOMD (34.5‒58.8%) and IVTOMD (64.1‒88.7%) demonstrate the high nutritive potential of leaf of browse species under study, especially C. pallida, as useful feed supplements for small ruminants in the semi-arid region of northeastern Mexico. Further studies could examine DM yields of browse from the various species, acceptance by small ruminants and their sustainability under regular defoliation under grazing.
Benefit of feeding Urochloa hybrid cultivar ‘Cobra’ on milk production in Tanzania
Authors: Mwendia Solomon , Notenbaert An , Nzogela Beatus , Mwilawa Angello
Published: September 2022

Animal genetics, management, diseases, feeds and environment affect milk production in cattle. Feed is the most important and when addressed, cattle show immediate responses. In sub-Saharan Africa, livestock productivity is low largely due to use of low-quality crop residues and natural pastures, often poor in key nutrients for animal performance. In an 8-week on-farm feeding trial with farmers’ participation, milk production under farmers’ practice (FP) was compared with the use of improved Urochloa hybrid cultivar ‘Cobra’ hay (Cobra hay) as an intervention (IN). A crossover design with each cow undergoing FP and IN phases was used. For the initial 2 weeks, the experiment followed FP before shifting to 50-50 FP/IN in week 3 and 100% IN in week 4 and 5, followed by 50-50 FP/IN in week six and 100% FP in week 7 and 8. Milk production increased by 15 % under IN and was associated with better feed utilization efficiency of 2 kg DM Cobra hay/L of milk. The use of Cobra hay has potential to increase dairy productivity in Tanzania and other similar tropical ecologies and contexts in sub-Saharan Africa.
“SOMETHING OLD, SOMETHING NEW” – ASPECTS OF PERSONALITY RIGHTS IN THE UNITED STATES AND SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: Karabo Mangope  , Wim Alberts
Published: September 2022

Advances in technology have made it possible for the least talented person to become an Internet sensation. This has created challenges related to personality or image rights, data protection, privacy, and the right to be forgotten. The position in the United States of America is dealt with first. Individuals can rely on either federal law or state law. Section 43(a) of the Lanham Act prohibits conduct that causes confusion or false representations or deception. The right to publicity is very prominent. The author Prosser divided the right to privacy by reference to four categories of tort: the intrusion of physical solitude; public disclosure of private facts; representations in a false light; and the appropriation of a person's name and appearance. Richards and Solove believe that the right to publicity is often combined with an individual's appearance or name. The difference between appropriation and the right to publicity is that the former is traditionally focused on the damage to a person's right to privacy, while the latter focuses on the person's right to make money from their image. In South Africa, Cornelius is of the opinion that the approach here is more advanced than in other countries as the right to dignity is protected by the right to identity. Exclusions from liability in America would include newsworthy information and parody. In South Africa, the exclusions are press privilege and parody. The legal position of social media service providers in the United States is such that a high degree of immunity is provided to networks by the Communications Decency Act. Section 230 of the Act was aimed at promoting the free exchange of information and ideas over the Internet and at the control of offensive material. The right to be forgotten occurs in both systems.
Orisa Sanponna: Indigenous health systems, disability, and morality in Osofisan’s dramaturgy
Authors: Olu-Osayomi Olusegun , Adebua Babatunde
Published: September 2022

The relevance of indigenous literature (by this is meant African literature) as an important resource for the interrogation and understanding of the social construction of the body, illness, or well-being in the African context seems not to be of primary interest to most African researchers in the field of sociology of health. In this article we explore how the notion of Sanponna (the smallpox deity) depicted in Femi Osofisan’s play Esu and the Vagabond Minstrels can be integrated into disability and indigenous health systems in a way that acknowledges both the biological and social facts as well as how this experience can be interrogated within the domain of epistemological, ontological, and moral foundations and concerns. We rely on mythological and analytical approaches as the theoretical underpinning. We begin with a brief explanation of the concept and potential of Sanponna in Yoruba metaphysics. We also look for relationships between moral values and other socio-psychological dimensions and traditional understandings of disability. Thereafter, we briefly examine Orisa Sanponna and its possible impacts on characters and disability in Esu and the Vagabond Minstrels and conclude with an explanation of the relevance of the themes explored by Osofisan in the play to the Nigerian contemporary experience and situation.
Şahsiyet ve Siyaset: İslam Siyaset Düşüncesinde Lider Merkezlilik Örneği Olarak Nehcü’s-Sülûk fî Siyaseti’l-Mülûk
Authors: ŞAHİN Selin , ŞAHİN Enes
Published: September 2022

Siyaset Bilimi çalışmalarında kullanılan analiz düzeylerinden biri bireydir. Birey düzeyinde analizler, siyasal karar vericilerin şahsiyetini temel alarak gerçekleştirilmekte ve bu doğrultuda siyasetin icracılarının bireysel özellikleri siyasetin mahiyetinin anlamlandırılması hususunda dikkate alınan başlıca unsur olmaktadır. Bu durum İslam siyaset düşüncesinin temel kaynağını teşkil eden siyasetnamelerde de geçerlilik arz etmektedir. Devlet yöneticilerine hitaben kaleme alınan siyasetnamelerde lider merkezli bir siyaset anlatısı ortaya koyulmaktadır. Bu eserlerde bir liderin hangi kişisel özelliklere sahip olması ve hangilerinden kaçınması gerektiğine dair bahisler özellikle ele alınmaktadır. Bu hususiyetler etrafında ideal liderden ideal siyasete uzanan bir tasavvur inşa edilmektedir. Bu anlamda siyasetin baş icracısı konumunda olan hükümdar, yalnızca kendisine öğüt ve tavsiyelerde bulunulan bir aktör değil aynı zamanda siyasetin kâmil bir hale getirilmesinde en temel unsur olmaktadır. Dolayısıyla İslam siyaset düşüncesinde hükümdarın şahsi özelliklerine yönelik yapılan vurguları incelemek, lider merkezli siyaset anlatısının anlamlandırılmasında önemli hale gelmektedir. Bu doğrultuda çalışmada İslam siyaset düşüncesindeki lider merkezli siyaset tasavvurunun Ebü’n-Necîb Şeyzerî’nin Nehcü’s-Sülûk fî Siyaseti’l-Mülûk serlevhalı eseri çerçevesinde tetkik edilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Söylem analizi yönteminin kullanıldığı çalışmanın neticesinde varılan sonuç, İslam siyaset düşüncesinde devlet ve siyasetin kurucu unsuru olarak kabul liderin şahsiyetinin siyasete yön verdiği ve ideal siyasete ulaşmanın yolunun ideal lideri inşa etmekten geçtiği fikrinin hakim olduğudur.
Tuna'da Seyrüseferin Yönetilmesinin Süreci
Authors: VURGUN Mehmet
Published: September 2022

Tuna nehri Paleolitik Dönem kültürlerinden başlayarak birçok toplum ve devlete ev sahipliği yapmıştır. Tuna havzasında yaşayan devletlerin yaşam kaynağı olan Tuna nehri, devletlerin büyümesi ve yayılması ile daha stratejik hale gelmiş ve bu topraklarda var oluşun anahtarı durumuna gelmiştir. Ortaçağ’da sadece içme suyu ve tarımsal sulamada kullanılan Tuna zamanla ticaretin ana aracı durumuna gelmiştir. Tuna üzerinden at arabalarıyla kıyıdan yedeklenerek yapılan taşımadan başlayarak, yerini modern teknelere bırakmıştır. Suyolundaki hakimiyetin paylaşılması süreci Tuna’nın yönetilmesinde temel hedef olmuştur. Tuna’da seyrüseferin yönetilmesi sürecini dört dönem halinde değerlendirmek mümkündür. Birinci dönem, 1792 ve öncesinden başlayan ikili anlaşmalar dönemi; ikinci dönem, 1856 Paris Barış Konferansı ile başlayıp 1920 Birinci Dünya Savaşı arası devam eden, kısa süreli olarak planlanan fakat defalarca görev süresi uzatılan komisyon dönemi; üçüncü dönem, 1920’den İkinci Dünya Savaşına kadar devam eden Tuna Nehri’nin uluslararasılaştırılması çabaları; dördüncü dönem ise Tuna’nın uluslararasılaştırılması sürecidir. Ancak yüzyıllardır seyrüseferin yönetilmesi için anlaşan Tuna devletlerinin gemi kaynaklı kirliğin önlenmesi, kontrol altına alınması ve bertarafına ilişkin antant kaldığı bir hukuksal doküman bulunmamaktadır.
Neolithic Burials in the Zelinda River Mouth, Northern Angara: Burial Practices and Radiocarbon Chronology
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Marchenko Z. V. , Grishin A. E. ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Garkusha Y. N. ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kerbs E. A. ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2022

В научный оборот вводятся новые материалы неолитических комплексов двух могильников Северного Приангарья, исследованных в 2012 г. в ходе работ Богучанской археологической экспедиции. Памятники расположены на устьевом участке р. Зелинды — правого притока Ангары. На стоянке Усть-Зелинда-1 выявлено два захоронения, на стоянке Усть-Зелинда-2 -пять. В статье приведено описание сохранившихся остатков погребений, охарактеризован погребальный ритуал, проанализированы радиоуглеродные даты, полученные по антропологическому материалу. На основе сравнительного анализа предметов материальной культуры установлено, что часть захоронений соответствует погребальным традициям исаковской культуры. Указаны основные признаки ритуальных действий — использование «охры», положение погребенного в позе «вытянуто на спине», головой на Ю — вверх по течению Ангары. Радиоуглеродные калиброванные значения возраста, нюансы ритуальной практики, типологические характеристики и состав инвентаря, а также особенности размещения могил на территории каждого памятника позволили выделить три хронологические группы погребений в рамках 7499-5583 кал. л.н. (5550-3634 кал. гг. до н.э.). Определено, что радиоуглеродная дата захоронений третьей хронологической группы (5718-5583 кал. л.н. (3769-3634 кал. гг. до н.э.)), следы погребальной практики и инвентарь находят аналогии в поздненеолитических погребениях исаковской культуры Южного Приангарья. Отмечено, что захоронения второй, наиболее многочисленной, хронологической группы (7157-6555 кал. л.н. (5208-4606 кал. гг. до н.э.)) имеют некоторые черты сходства с классической исаковской погребальной традицией. Дата погребения (безынвентарное) первой хронологической группы 7499-7317 кал. л.н. (5550-5368 кал. гг. до н.э.). В работе выдвигается гипотеза о формировании «протоисаковских» традиций в Северном Приангарье и их более позднем появлении в Южном Приангарье.
On Phoinix (Φοίνιξ) and Its Distinguishing Marks: A Karian “Type Site” or a Demos to Hellenistic Kamiros?
Authors:   Independent Researcher, Oğuz-Kırca E. D.
Published: September 2022

Тлои были древнейшими из известных обитателей Ташлыка (п-ов Бозбурун, Юго-Западная Турция), в эпиграфических источниках зафиксированного как Финикс. Согласно древнегреческим надписям, найденным в Фенакете (или Румевлеке, образующем центр жилой зоны), а также на остатках стены античного периода в акрополе, это поселение существовало с V в. до н.э. ВIII в. до н.э. оно было под управлением Камира. На протяжении нескольких столетий территория поселения расширялась по оси СВ-ЮЗ. Хотя «шахматная» система инсул мегары Финикса своим эллинистическим планом и структурой демонстрирует сходство с Камиром, в ней можно отметить присутствие античных градостроительных принципов. В настоящем исследовании, помимо преимущественно эллинистического контекста, рассматриваются карийские корни идентичности населения Финикса с использованием материалов архитектурных источников всего региона. Хотя пирамидальные монолиты не были уникальными памятниками Финикса, благодаря им тлоям и соседним кома-ям на материковой части, по всей видимости, удалось сохранить свои традиции коммуникации с потусторонним миром. Следовательно, эти сооружения, своей морфологией похожие на зиккураты или знаменитый Галикарнасский мавзолей и предназначавшиеся для связи с потусторонним миром, были типичными проявлениями менталитета карийцев, что в достаточной степени отражается в аборигенных сообществах, однако неизбежно заслоняется великими архитектурными проектами династии Гекатомнидов.
Rx, Ry and Rz Rotation Operators of Spin 4 Systems in Quantum Information Theory
Authors: KOCAKOÇ Mehpeyker , TAPRAMAZ Recep
Published: September 2022

Quantum computing requires use of various physical techniques together with quantum theory. One of the promising systems is spin systems as applied and seen in pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopies and hence spin-based quantum information technology. Construction of higher spin systems and related rotation operators is important for the theoretical infrastructure that can be used in quantum information theory. It is expected that as the value of spin increases, it will give way to longer time in the computation with bigger data. Spin operators up to spin-4 have been published in previous studies. In this work, explicit symbolic expressions of x, y and z components of rotation operators for spin-4 were worked out via exponential operator for each element of related spin operator matrices and simple linear curve fitting process. The procedures gave out exact expressions of each element of the rotation operators. It can be predicted that quantum rotation operators for higher spins, like spin-4, will theoretically and practically contribute to spin-based quantum information technology.
Does Electron Spectrum Affect TLD-100 Dose Response in 6 MV Photon Beam Irradiation?
Authors: SARIGÜL Neslihan
Published: September 2022

In this study, the electron spectrum effect on the TLD-100 dosimeter response to a 6 MV photon beam in different media like water, aluminum, polystyrene, iron, copper, and lead using Monte Carlo and Burlin cavity theory was evaluated. To calculate and compare the dose to medium to dose to cavity correction factors (f), the electronic equilibrium spectrum produced by the 6 MV photon beam and its maximum electron energy in different media were used. The electronic equilibrium spectra were obtained using Beamdp Monte Carlo Simulation. Using two different methods, the cavity theory was applied to obtain the response of the TLD-100 to 6 MV photon beam in the media considered. In the first method, the average mass collision stopping power ratios and the average mass effective attenuation coefficients were calculated using the electron spectrum of 6 MV. In the second method, these parameters were calculated based on the maximum energy value of 6 MV. The maximum difference between the f values obtained using the two methods was about 10 % for lead, while it was less than 2.5 % for other media. Consequently, the differences between f factors calculated using these two methods were insignificant except for lead.
A Note on Fractional Midpoint Type Inequalities for Co-ordinated (s1, s2)-Convex Functions
Authors: HEZENCİ Fatih
Published: September 2022

In the present paper, some Hermite-Hadamard type inequalities in the case of differentiable co-ordinated (s_1," " s_2)-convex functions are investigated. Namely, the generalizations of the midpoint type inequalities in the case of differentiable co-ordinated (s_1," " s_2)-convex functions in the second sense on the rectangle from the plain are established. In addition to this, it is presented several inequalities to the case of Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals and k-Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals by choosing the special cases of our obtained main results
Recurrent Neural Network Based Model Development for Energy Consumption Forecasting
Authors: ÇETİNER Halit
Published: September 2022

The world population is increasing day by day. As a result, limited resources are decreasing day by day. On the other hand, the amount of energy needed is constantly increasing. In this sense, decision makers must accurately estimate the amount of energy that society will require in the coming years and make plans accordingly. These plans are of critical importance for the peace and welfare of society. Based on the energy consumption values of Germany, it is aimed at estimating the energy consumption values with the GRU, LSTM, and proposed hybrid LSTM-GRU methods, which are among the popular RNN algorithms in the literature. The estimation performances of LSTM and GRU algorithms were obtained for MSE, RMSE, MAPE, MAE, and R2 values as 0.0014, 0.0369, 6.35, 0.0292, 0.9703 and 0.0017, 0.0375, 6.60, 0.0298, 0.9650, respectively. The performance of the proposed hybrid LSTM-GRU method, which is another RNN-based algorithm used in the study, was obtained as 0.0013, 0.0358, 5.89, 0.0275, and 0.9720 for MSE, RMSE, MAPE, MAE and R2 values, respectively. Although all three methods gave similar results, the training times of the proposed hybrid LSTM-GRU and LSTM algorithms took 7.50 and 6.58 minutes, respectively, but it took 4.87 minutes for the GRU algorithm. As can be understood from this value, it has been determined that it is possible to obtain similar values by sacrificing a very small amount of prediction performance in cases with time limitations.
An Emotion Recognition Model Using Facial Expressions in Distance Learning
Authors: ESİN ÖZSEVEN Beyza , CAGMAN Naim
Published: September 2022

The most important factor on the success of the student is the student's readiness for the lesson, motivation, cognitive and emotional state. In face-to-face education, the educator can follow the student visually throughout the lesson and can observe his emotional state. One of the most important disadvantages of distance learning is that the emotional state of the student cannot be followed instantly. In addition, the processing time of emotion detection, in which real-time emotion detection will be performed, should be short. In this study, a method for emotion recognition is proposed by using distance and slope information between facial landmarks. In addition, the feature size was reduced by detecting only those that are effective for emotion recognition among the distance and slope information with statistical analysis. According to the results obtained, the proposed method and feature set achieved 86.11% success. In addition, the processing time is at a level that can be used in distance learning and can detect real-time emotion.
Structural Equation Modeling Approach to Determine the Effect of Attitude towards Statistics on Statistical Self-efficacy Belief
Authors: AKYÜZ Hayriye Esra , TOPCU Duygu
Published: September 2022

In this study, it is aimed to examine the relationship between students' statistical self-efficacy beliefs and their attitudes towards statistics and to propose a structural equation model by identifying the factors affecting them. IBM SPSS and AMOS package program were used in the data analysis. Data were collected from 330 university students who took statistics and biostatistics lessons to form the sample of the study. As a result of the analysis, it was concluded that the self-efficacy beliefs and attitudes towards to statistics lesson of students were at a moderate level. A positive and significant correlation was obtained between statistical self-efficacy belief and attitude. It was determined that statistical attitude explains 33% of the statistical self-efficacy belief. We propose to use modified multi-factor first-order and multi-factor first-order models for statistical self-efficacy belief and attitude levels, respectively. This result was supported with the values of goodness of fit indices.
Measurement of Indoor Seasonal and Regional Radon (222Rn) Gas Activity in Çanakkale (Turkey)
Authors: BÜYÜKSARAÇ Aydın , KULUÖZTÜRK Muhammed Fatih
Published: September 2022

Radon gas, which undergoes radioactive decay, can cause damage to the lung tissue and lung cancer over time in indoor environments where it is inhaled. Radon gas radioactivity concentrations were measured using CR-39 passive solid state nuclear track detectors (SSNTD) in the basement and ground floor simultaneously in summer and winter periods in 17 dwellings in Çanakkale (Turkey). Accordingly, an average of 163.67 Bq.m-3 in basements in summer, 63.26 Bq.m-3 in ground floors in summer, 148.73 Bq.m-3 in basements in winter, and 77.57 Bq.m-3 in ground floors in winter. In addition, annual effective dose (AEDE) values and lifetime cancer risk (ECLR) parameters were calculated using radon activity concentrations. Accordingly, the basement and mean AEDE values in the summer period were found to be 4.52 mSv.y-1 and 1.59 mSv.y-1, respectively. In winter, it was found as 3.75 mSv.y-1 and 1.95 mSv.y-1.
Цифровая социально-политическая повестка дня: апробация новой модели исследования на российском кейсе «Коронавирус-2020»
Authors: Тимофеева Лидия , Рябченко Наталья , Малышева Ольга , Гнедаш Анна
Published: September 2022

Публикация развивает основные положения статьи “Цифровая социально-политическая повестка дня и ее осмысление в условиях новой медиаэкологии” (Полис № 2, 2022). Модель цифровой социально-политической повестки описывается двумя типами измерений (“Официальный дискурс” и “Сетевой дискурс”), результатом постоянного взаимодействия которых является продуцирование новой цифровой социально-политической повестки дня, где государство и традиционные СМИ уже не являются безусловным лидерами. В статье приводятся результаты апробации разработанной авторами теоретической модели цифровой социально-политической повестки дня на эмпирических данных кейса “Коронавирус” в социальных сетях Twitter и Facebook (запрещен в РФ) и во всех публикациях крупнейших информационных агентств РФ в период с 18 марта по 19 сентября 2020 г. Полученные датасеты (1 млн 900 тыс. сообщений по ключевому слову “коронавирус” (и его вариациям) и 760 тыс. пользователей, употребивших слова/словосочетания “коронавирус” в указанных соцсетях; 10 тыс. публикаций “РИА Новости”, “ТАСС”, “Интерфакс” по ключевому слово “коронавирус”) были подвергнуты процедурам сетевого, реляционного и лингводискурсивного анализа. Авторы пришли к выводу, что факторами, влияющими на устойчивость и результативность цифровой социально-политической повестки дня, стали: во-первых, наличие либо отсутствие поляризованности сети “Пользователи”; во-вторых, взаимное встраивание, проникновение либо доминирование провластного и оппозиционного дискурсов; в-третьих, значение веса межуровневых взаимодействий измерения “Официальный дискурс” и измерения “Сетевой дискурс”. В ходе апробации модели были определены и детализированы следующие стратегии формирования дискурсивных полей в цифровой социально-политической повестке, характерные для провластных и оппозиционных структур, а также для сетевых инфлюенсеров: стратегия вовлечения новых пользователей; стратегия прагматического моделирования; стратегия нагнетания панических настроений и формирования отрицательного отношения к официальной власти (типична для оппозиционных структур); стратегия дискурсивной гибернации; стратегия дискурсивной диффузии; стратегия опережения (типична для провластных структур). Наличие разнонаправленных векторов в цифровой социально-политической повестке, особенно в условиях кризисных и чрезвычайных ситуаций, не позволяет стабилизировать социально-политическую систему и мобилизовать население на конструктивные социально-политические практики как в онлайне, так и в офлайне.
Социология российского образа будущего: предварительные результаты
Authors: Токарев Алексей , Кравчук Иван , Бойко Мария , Ильинский Руслан
Published: September 2022

Текст является первым в серии статей об образе российского будущего, который сформирован в массовом сознании россиян в 2021-2022 гг. в десятилетнем горизонте. При помощи психографического метода в рамках фокус-групп, проводимых по всей стране, авторы пытаются ответить на вопрос: “Как граждане России видят свое будущее?” Респонденты разделены на три возрастные когорты: 18-30 лет, 31-55, 56+. На первом этапе исследователи представляют анализ 36 фокус-групп, проведенных в 18 населенных пунктах 14 российских регионов (от Москвы до Камчатки). Несмотря на акцент на восприятии будущего, в тексте также описываются актуальные проблемы, с которыми сталкиваются россияне – в сравнении с данными ведущих социологических центров. На основании анализа рисунков и стенограмм фокус-групп авторы выделяют шесть масштабных несоответствий (расколов) внутри российского общества, которые в долгосрочной перспективе могут привести к масштабному социально-политическому кризису. Подробно описываются тенденции безусловного патернализма, низкого уровня личной ответственности граждан, глубокого неравенства российских регионов, взаимного отчуждения власти и общества.