bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Overweight School Children in the Urban Community of Niamey According to their Eating Habits, Level of Physical Activity and Social and Economic Characteristics
Authors: Maimouna Garba Balarabé , Alkassoum Salifou , Djelifa Hamidou , Alio Almou Abdoulaye , Eric Adehossi , Haoua Sabo Seini , Hassimi Sadou
Published: September 2024

Background: Overweight and obesity during adolescence are a worldwide public health concern, due to their potential impact on health and their increasing frequency. Dietary habits such as overconsumption of energy-dense foods combined with low levels of physical activity are the main causes.
Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of adolescents' dietary and lifestyle habits on the prevalence of overweight and obesity.
Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of pupils aged 11 to 17 in lower secondary schools in the Niamey Urban Community. Anthropometric parameters were measured for each pupil, and a questionnaire was completed concerning dietary habits, level of physical activity and lifestyle. Results were analyzed using Epi info software version 7.2.5.0.
Results: The prevalence of obesity differed significantly between the sexes. 2.86% in boys versus 5.95% in girls (p < 0.05). The three main meals of the day, morning snack and afternoon tea, were respectively provided for 83.24% of pupils for breakfast, 95.06% for lunch, and 91.90% for dinner. Among the pupils, 37.85% travelled to school by car or motorcycle; 60% practised a sport. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 11.00% and 1.4% respectively. The majority of students had a sleep time of between 5-8 hours (80.24) per day, significantly so (p<0.05).
Conclusion: With regard to eating habits, around 10% consumed offal every day, with a significant link (p<0.05). These results justify awareness-raising activities among pupils, and the involvement of parents and teachers in strategies focusing on food hygiene and sport.
Effects of Organic Compost and Trichoderma harzianum Spores on Soil Fertility and Agronomic Performance of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)
Authors: Zongo Koulibi Fidèle , Dabiré Kounbo , Kaboré Sibiry Albert , Tondé Moussa , Guébré Daouda , Sanon Abdramane , Hien Edmond
Published: September 2024

The food supply has grown steadily over the years, while production has been hampered by the increased use of synthetic fertilizers, leading to pollution and degradation of soil physico-chemical properties. It is imperative to advocate for the promotion of sustainable farming techniques that can enhance crop yields while improving soil fertility, without the excessive utilisation of chemical fertilizers. Hence the interest of this study, which involved the use of organic compost enriched or not with Trichoderma Harzianum spores as an alternative method to assess their effect on the physico-chemical soil and agronomic parameters of the « TGX 1910-14F » soybean variety being tested in a greenhouse growing vase. The study was carried out at the Institute of Research Development (IRD) in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso), on a completely randomized block trial with four fertilization regimes repeated five times. The trial consisted of comparing soil parameters and soybean yields under four fertilization regimes: T1 (1 l m-3 of Trichoderma harzianum spores); T2 (3 t ha-1 of compost); T3 (3 t ha-1 of compost + 1 l m-3 of Trichoderma harzianum spores), T0 (absolute control with no inputs). 4 kg of fine soil from a lixisol and sieved to 2 mm with a field capacity moisture of 150 ml kg-1 of soil were added to each fertilization regime. The results showed that T2 and T3 fertilization regimes improved the organic status, total N, P and K content, absorbable P and available P of the soils. T3 significantly (P < 0.001) increased plant height (146.80 ± 9.92 cm) and the number of soybean plant leaves (46.20 ± 2.41) compared with treatments T0 and T1. T0 and T1 fertilization regimes significantly increased (P < 0.001) the number and weight of soybean nodules compared with T2 and T3. Total soybean biomass was significantly improved (P < 0.001) under T2 and T3 compared with T1 and T0. Thus, the T2 and T3 fertilization regimes was more effective in improving soil fertility and soybean biomass production. The input of Trichoderma harzianum (T1) and fine soil with no inputs (T0) stimulated nodulation of soybean, while compost combined with Trichoderma harzianum spores (T2 et T3) had an effect on vegetative growth. It may be posited that the latter treatment could serve as an alternative means of improving soil fertility and increasing soybean yields.
Impact of Conservation Tillage on Soil Fertility, Productivity and Nutrient Uptake by Chickpea in Soybean-Chickpea Sequence on Vertisols
Authors: Ramteke Karuna , V.V.Gabhane  , Bhavsar Monika S. , Devatale Ankita , R.S.Patode  , Ganvir M.M. , B.A.Sonune
Published: September 2024

A field study entitled, impact of conservation tillage on soil fertility, yield and nutrient uptake by chickpea in soybean–chickpea sequence on vertisols was conducted at the research farm of Dryland Agriculture unit, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra, during Rabi 2021–22. The Vertisol of the study area was moderately alkaline in reaction, low in available nitrogen, medium in available phosphorus and high in available potassium. A randomized block design with four replications and five treatments consisted of conventional tillage with crop residue mulch and without crop residue mulch, reduced tillage with crop residue mulch, zero tillage with crop residue mulch, permanent BBF with crop residue mulch. The results indicated the improvement in soil fertility, higher nutrient uptake and yield of chickpea grown in Vertisols under rainfed conditions with reduced tillage and broad bed furrow in conjunction with crop residue mulch and application of pre-emergence herbicide.
Application of Odd Pairs of Partitions of an Even Number of a New Formulation in Validating the Twin Prime Conjecture
Authors: Sankei Daniel , Njagi Loyford , Mutembei Josephine
Published: September 2024

The Twin Prime Conjecture posits the existence of infinitely many pairs of prime numbers (p, p + 2), where both p and p + 2 are prime. Despite centuries of investigation, a definitive proof remains elusive. Prime numbers, defined by their indivisibility except by one and themselves, display an apparently erratic distribution. Researchers have utilized a combination of theoretical insights, computational analysis, and innovative mathematical techniques in their quest to solve this conjecture. However, the unpredictable nature of prime occurrences has kept this problem open in Number Theory. This study introduces a novel approach involving the partitioning of even numbers into pairs of odd numbers. We demonstrate that within the set of all such pairs, there exists a proper subset that includes all prime numbers. Notably, this proper subset consistently contains at least two prime numbers differing by 2, providing a potential pathway to validating and proving the Twin Prime Conjecture.
Merkel Cell Carcinoma and the Innovative Immunotherapy: A Case Report
Authors: Pacífico Fernando Augusto , Santos Ohanna Louise Vasconcelos de Aquino , Melo Rafaella Monique de Aquino Lopes , Feitoza Evely Figueiredo , Silva Hanna Ravigna Duarte Sena e , Valente Thiago José Monteiro Borges da Silva , Galvão Ismael Felipe Gonçalves , Borges Luciana Maria Queiroz de Oliveira
Published: September 2024

Aim: Reports a case of an 82-year-old male patient with metastatic Merkel Cells Carcionoma (MCC) and review the main aspects. 
Presentation of the Case: In this study, the patient had a lesion on his face in the right frontal region, whose immunohistochemical study confirmed MCC, and he underwent exeresis of the tumor. After the appearance of new lesions in other locations, some of which were metastatic, radiotherapy was performed and, after that, immunotherapy, with the latter showing clinical improvement and remission of the lesions.
Discussion: Despite its rarity, there has been a growing incidence of MCC. Given the high immunogenicity of merkel cell polyomavirus and human polyomavirus form’s, the need for therapies aimed at these mechanisms is confirmed. Immunotherapy, with avelumab for example, is making progress in the treatment of MCC, not only in terms of patient survival but also in terms of a better quality of life, especially in terms of psychological well-being and physical performance, as well as having fewer adverse effects compared to radiotherapy.
Conclusion: The immunotherapy is a promising option in the face of this challenging condition, particularly in the elderly and immunocompromised. The results after this treatment suggest the need for greater monitoring and research into its long-term effectiveness in the treatment of MCC, in addition to the search for validation of an approach that provides the patient with a better prognosis and greater quality of life.
Validating the Underlying Properties Driving the Applications of Geosynthetics as a Sustainable Ground Improvement Material: A Delphi Study from Ghana
Authors: M.K. Somiah, , J. Bentil, , S.K Ansah, , I.Y. Manu,
Published: September 2024

While the comparative factors informing the choice of geosynthetics as a sustainable ground improvement material over traditional alternatives are known, little is known, if any, of country-specific studies that have validated the underlying properties driving the applications of geosynthetics as a sustainable ground improvement material. This Delphi study sought to ascertain whether the underlying properties driving the applications of geosynthetics as a sustainable ground improvement material in other national contexts do drive their applications in Ghana and determine the relative influence of each of the underlying properties. Nineteen (19) properties were found to be driving the applications of geosynthetics as a sustainable ground improvement material in Ghana with varying relative influence. They included stiffness properties, chemical degradation resistance, and hydraulic properties. Chemical degradation resistance with an RSI score of (0.83) ranked 1st among the (19) underlying properties driving the applications of geosynthetics as a sustainable ground improvement material in Ghana while hydraulic properties with an RSI of (0.68) ranked 19th. The findings of this study contribute to country-specific literature on the underlying properties driving the applications of geosynthetics as a sustainable ground improvement material. Practically, the study unravelled the (19) underlying properties driving the applications of geosynthetics as a sustainable ground improvement material in Ghana with chemical degradation resistance being the most influential property. The uniqueness of the study also lies within the application of the Delphi technique in the study of the underlying properties driving the applications of geosynthetics as a sustainable ground improvement material.
Custom Hiring for Farm Mechanization & Degree of Satisfaction among Farmers in Vijayapur District, Karnataka, India: An Analytical Perspective
Authors: Das Chitra , Patil S. B.
Published: September 2024

Indian agriculture has faced a significant shortfall in farm mechanization, leading to insufficient production and productivity in various regions. Despite its critical need and benefits, farm mechanization remains largely inaccessible to small and marginal farmers, who cannot afford the necessary equipment due to their poor economic conditions. Recognized as a crucial input, farm mechanization enhances land productivity by ensuring timely and precise agricultural operations, reducing crop and food product losses, increasing labor efficiency by minimizing effort and drudgery, and improving the overall quality of farm activities. Custom Hiring aims to establish farm machinery banks by providing financial assistance to NGO-based or cooperative-based CHCs. Due to the prohibitive cost of advanced, high-productivity equipment, individual ownership is often impractical. Custom Hiring Centers (CHCs) address this issue by offering farm equipment and machinery on a rental basis to farmers who cannot afford to purchase high-end agricultural machinery. CHCs are instrumental in transforming farming across the country by providing affordable access to essential farm implements. This study was conducted to deepen understanding and provide a comprehensive analysis of farm mechanization and farmer satisfaction with custom hiring services in Vijayapur District, Karnataka. The research aims to assess the current state of mechanization, the extent to which these services are utilized, and the overall contentment of farmers with the available resources. Additionally, the study seeks to identify gaps in service delivery and offer insights for improving the effectiveness and accessibility of custom hiring services to better meet the needs of the farming community in this region. By evaluating these factors, the research contributes valuable information for policymakers and stakeholders to optimize farm mechanization strategies and enhance agricultural productivity.
Assessment of Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance in Bottle Gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (mol.) Standl.] Genotypes
Authors: Das Trisha , Kumar Anil , Ram C. N. , Kumar Virendra , Vipin  , Patel Shubham
Published: September 2024

The present study highlights about Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance in bottle gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl.] genotypes. Experimental material for the study consisted of 25 genotypes including a check (Narendra Kamna). Observations were recorded on fifteen quantitative characters. The analysis of variance for the design of experiment indicated highly significant differences among the genotypes for fourteen characters. Based on mean performance of fruit yield and yield components genotypes, PBR-3 followed by Narendra Pooja, BG-131-1 and Pant Lauki were found as significant and most promising genotypes. High phenotypic along with genotypic coefficients of variation was observed in case of fruit yield per ha, fruit yield per plant, average fruit weight, fruit length indicating possibility of obtaining higher selection response in respect of these traits. High heritability coupled with genetic advance was shown in the characters like fruit yield per plant, average fruit weight and fruit length.
Biocontrol of Spoilage in Avocado (Percea americana Mill) Using Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis BT2
Authors: Koffi Yao Fulgence , N’cho Mathias , Tehua Amoa Armist , Loukou Ornella Akissi , Alloue-Boraud Wazé Aimée Mireille
Published: September 2024

The avocado (Persea americana Mill.) is a dicotyledonous plant of the Lauraceae family. It is a fruit rich in nutrients, which has many benefits for human health. It is especially appreciated for its taste quality. However, post-harvest diseases of avocados due to fungal attacks are one of the main constraints on conservation and marketing in Côte d’Ivoire. The aim is to achieve biological control of avocado spoilage fungal strains during post-harvest conservation using Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis BT2. Thus, 200 sampled lawyers were used for this study. Identification of the fruit spoilage fungal flora on PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) medium, pathogenicity tests, antagonism and biocontrol tests using P. fluorescens and B.subtilis BT2 were carried out. The results obtained made it possible to identify six (6) fungal genera on spoiled avocados including Colletotrichum, Botryodiplodia, Absidia, Rhizopus, Alternaria and Aspergillus. The respective isolation frequencies were 42.03%, 22.70%, 15.46%, 8.21%, 5.8% and 5.8%. Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens presented inhibition rates of these fungal genera which vary from 38.72±2.21% to 65.17±0.72% for B. subtilis BT2 and from 44.05±3.25% at 66.51±0.71% for P. fluorescens. Also, these two bacteria inhibited the growth of these spoilage fungi in vivo. The protection tests of healthy avocado fruits with the supernatant of P. fluorescens and B.subtilis BT2 made it possible to preserve the avocado fruits for eight days without any alteration of the pulp. The results of this study therefore made it possible to highlight the effectiveness of P. fluorescens and B. subtilis BT2 as good biocontrol agents for the conservation of avocado fruits in Côte d'Ivoire.
Interannual to interdecadal variability of winter and summer southern African rainfall, and their teleconnections
Authors: Dieppois Bastien , Pohl Benjamin , Rouault Mathieu , New Mark , Lawler Damian , Keenlyside Noel
Published: May 2016

This study examines for the first time the changing characteristics of summer and winter southern African rainfall and their teleconnections with large‐scale climate through the dominant time scales of variability. As determined by wavelet analysis, the austral summer and winter rainfall indices exhibit three significant time scales of variability over the twentieth century: interdecadal (15–28 years), quasi‐decadal (8–13 years), and interannual (2–8 years). Teleconnections with global sea surface temperature and atmospheric circulation anomalies are established here but are different for each time scale. Tropical/subtropical teleconnections emerge as the main driver of austral summer rainfall variability. Thus, shifts in the Walker circulation are linked to the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and, at decadal time scales, to decadal ENSO‐like patterns related to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation and the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation. These global changes in the upper zonal circulation interact with asymmetric ocean‐atmospheric conditions between the South Atlantic and South Indian Oceans; together, these lead to a shift in the South Indian Convergence Zone and a modulation of the development of convective rain‐bearing systems over southern Africa in summer. Such regional changes, embedded in quasi‐annular geopotential patterns, consist of easterly moisture fluxes from the South Indian High, which dominate southerly moisture fluxes from the South Atlantic High. Austral winter rainfall variability is more influenced by midlatitude atmospheric variability, in particular the Southern Annular Mode. The rainfall changes in the southwestern regions of southern Africa are determined by asymmetrical changes in the midlatitude westerlies between the Atlantic and Indian Oceans.
Hyperpolarized NMR Analysis of Enzymatic Reaction: Extension of Observable Reaction Time by Deuterium Isotope Labeling
Authors: Lee Youngbok
Published: May 2016

Affording several orders of signal enhancement compared to conventional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) enables direct observation of the most common
13C nuclei in organic chemistry and biochemistry at low concentrations. These nuclei have poor sensitivity due to low natural abundance and a low gyromagnetic ratio. Herein, we report an application of this technique to a multi‐step enzymatic reaction. The main aim of this study was to demonstrate the effect of deuteration on specific spins of interest for the real‐time trypsin hydrolysis reaction of synthesized N
α‐benzoyl‐
l
‐arginine methyl‐d3
ester (BAME‐d3
). Kinetic parameter and fit accuracy were analyzed in order to determine the influence of deuteration.
A Thioether‐Stabilized d‐Proline–l‐Proline‐Induced β‐Hairpin Peptide of Defensin Segment Increases Its Anti‐Candida albicans Ability
Authors: Zhao Bingchuan , Yang Dan , Wong Jack Ho , Wang Jianpeng , Yin Cuiming , Zhu Yuxia , Fan Shangrong , Ng Tzi Bun , Xia Jiang , Li Zigang
Published: May 2016

We report a β‐hairpin dual stabilizing strategy: a d‐proline‐l‐proline (d‐Pro‐l‐Pro) dipeptide as the nucleating turn, and a thioether tether as a side‐chain linkage at a precisely designed position to stabilize the β‐hairpin. This method was used to modify the C‐terminal β‐hairpin moiety of the plant defensin, pv‐defensin, in order to obtain a stabilized peptide with enhanced anti‐Candida albicans activity (MIC 84–3.0 μm), high serum stability (50 % remaining after 48 h) and low hemolysis (<10 % at 152 μm). This modified peptide penetrated the C. albicans cell membrane within 5 min and showed high activity against clinically isolated antibiotic‐resistant C. albicans and Candida glabrata strains.
ChemInform Abstract: Formation and Crystallization of Amorphous CuxY1‐x Alloys.
Authors: JANSSON K. , NYGREN M.
Published: May 2016

Metallic glasses in the CuxY1‐x system have been prepared for x = 0.33, 0.58, and 0.72 by the melt‐spinning technique and their crystallization modes have been monitored by differential scanning calorimetry and X‐ray techniques.
ChemInform Abstract: Intercalation Compounds of (Diphosphato)oxotungsten(VI), (WO(P2O7)).
Authors: KINOMURA N. , OHSHIBA M. , KOBAYASHI M. , KUMADA N. , MUTO F.
Published: May 2016

Reduction of the layered compound WO(P2O7) in aqueous solutions with strong reducing agents results in the intercalation of cations and H2O molecules accompanied by an expansion of the basal spacing.
ChemInform Abstract: Inter‐ and Intra‐molecular Aromatic N‐Substitution by Arylnitrenium‐Aluminum Chloride Complexes Generated from Aryl Azides in the Presence of Aluminum Chloride.
Authors: TAKEUCHI H. , MAEDA M. , MITANI M. , KOYAMA K.
Published: May 2016

Reaction of phenyl azide (I) with the aromatic compounds (II) in the presence of AlCl3 gives the diarylamines (III) and (IV); in some cases small amounts of other by‐products are detected.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐Aza‐1,3‐dienes. Part 5. Access to N‐Aminoimidazoles, 3H‐Pyrroles, (1,2,4)Triazolo(1,5‐a)pyrazines, or Imidazo(1,2‐a)pyrazines.
Authors: LEGROUX D. , SCHOENI J.‐P. , PONT C. , FLEURY J.‐P.
Published: May 2016

Reaction of the ester (Ia) and the nitrile (Ib) with a series of nitrogen compounds leads to formation of N‐heterocycles of type (V)‐(VII), (IX) and (XI).
ChemInform Abstract: Ring Opening of Spiro(azetidin‐2‐one‐4,2′(or 3,2′)‐tricyclo‐(3.3.1.13,7)decanes).
Authors: MULLEN G. B. , GEORGIEV V. ST.
Published: May 2016

In the presence of a base, nucleophilic cleavage of the β‐lactams (I) and (IV) takes place, yielding the racemic β‐amino acids (II) and (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Evidence of an Ion‐Pair Charge‐Transfer Complex Between 9,10‐Dicyanoanthracene (DCA) and 1,4‐Dimethylnaphthalene (DMN) in Acetonitrile, Studied by Photoinduced Charge‐Recombination Luminescence and by Direct Photoexcitation Luminescence Techniques.
Authors: TRUONG T. B. , SANTAMARIA J.
Published: May 2016

The excited charge‐transfer complex formed between DCA and DMN in preirradiated solid solutions in acetonitrile at 77 K is an ion‐pair form which dissociates into DCA‐· and DMN+· upon irradiation at ≥ 420 nm.
ChemInform Abstract: The Photochemical Reaction of 9‐Cyanoanthracene with s‐Cisoid 2,4‐Disubstituted Butadienes and the Molecular Structures of Their Photochemical (4 + 4)Adducts.
Authors: FUKAZAWA Y. , FUJIHARA T. , USUI S. , SHIOBARA Y. , KODAMA M.
Published: May 2016

Photochemical cycloaddition of 9‐cyanoanthracene (I) to the dienes (IIa) ‐ (IIc) gives the compounds (IIIa) ‐ (IIIc) as the main products, together with the compounds (IVa) and (IVb).
ChemInform Abstract: 3‐Hydroxyglutarate and β,γ‐Epoxy Esters as Substrates for Pig Liver Esterase (PLE) and α‐Chymotrypsin.
Authors: MOHR P. , ROESSLEIN L. + , TAMM C.
Published: May 2016

The pH dependence of the α‐chymotrypsin‐catalyzed hydrolysis of the hydroxyglutarate (I) (→ (II)) is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Configurational Stability of N‐Protected α‐Amino Aldehydes.
Authors: LUBELL W. D. , RAPOPORT H.
Published: May 2016

The protected alaninal (V) is synthesized starting from the alanine (Ia) derivative (Ib) via the intermediates (Ic) and (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Functional Group Modification via Organotellurium Chemistry. Synthesis of Allyl Alcohols from Chloromethyloxiranes.
Authors: POLSON G. , DITTMER D. C.
Published: May 2016

The chloromethyloxiranes (I) are converted to the allyl alcohols (IIIa) ‐ (IIId) in the presence of the telluride (II).
ChemInform Abstract: The Reactivity of Phosphine Fluoroalkylimides: Synthesis of Fluoroalkyl‐β‐diketones.
Authors: TRABELSI H. , BOLLENS E. , ROUVIER E. , CAMBON A.
Published: May 2016

The fluorinated nitriles (II) react with the ylides (I), producing the phosphine imides (III) which are hydrolyzed to form the β‐diketones (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Cyclooctene Compounds with Fluorinating Agents.
Authors: ALVERNHE G. , LAURENT A. , HAUFE G.
Published: May 2016

The epoxide (II) reacts with HF/triethylamine under ring opening to yield the trans fluoro cyclooctenol (I).
ChemInform Abstract: 1,2‐Dioxetanes from Vinyl Aromatics.
Authors: POSNER G. H. , WEITZBERG M. , NELSON W. M. , MURR B. L. , SELIGER H. H.
Published: May 2016

The phosphite ozonide (II), which does not release 1O2 at ‐78 °C, reacts with (I) non‐stereospecifically at this temp. to give the aldehyde (V) with chemiluminescence.
ChemInform Abstract: Polycondensed Nitrogen Heterocycles. Part 20. Reactivity of Diazotized 1‐(2‐Aminophenyl)‐pyrroles. Pyrrolo(1,2‐f)phenanthridines.
Authors: CIRRINCIONE G. , DATTOLO G. , ALMERICO A. M. , PRESTI G. , AIELLO E.
Published: May 2016

The diketones (I) and o‐phenylenediamine (II) are combined to give the N‐aminophenylpyrroles (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on Diazepines. Part 23. Reactions of Monocyclic 1H‐1,3‐Diazepines. Cycloaddition Reaction with 2,5‐Dimethyl‐3,4‐diphenylcyclopentadienone.
Authors: KURITA J. , KOJIMA H. , TSUCHIYA T.
Published: May 2016

Thermal cycloaddition reaction of the 1H‐1,3‐diazepines (I) with the cyclopentadienone (II) yields the adducts (III) ‐ (V) which are photolyzed, producing the rearranged compounds (VI) ‐ (VIII).
ChemInform Abstract: New Derivatives of 2,4‐ and 2,6‐Dinitroanilines.
Authors: IVANOV E. I. , FEDOROVA G. V.
Published: May 2016

2,4‐ and 2,6‐dinitroanilines are widely used as pesticides.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of the Small Closo Carboranes 1,6‐C2B4H6 and 2,4‐C2B5H7 with BX3 (X: Halogen, Phenyl): A Method of Preparing “3”‐Substituted 2,4‐C2B5H7 Derivatives and Preparation of 2‐Br2B‐closo‐1,6‐C2B4H5.
Authors: NAM W. , ONAK T.
Published: May 2016

A new way of preparing 3‐substituted 2,4‐C2B5H7 derivatives (II) is the reaction of (I) with BX3 at elevated temperatures.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and NMR‐Spectroscopic Characterization of Some tert‐Butyl and i‐Butyl Organochlorophosphanes, R(tert‐C4H9)PCl and R(i‐C4H9)PCl.
Authors: WOLFSBERGER W.
Published: May 2016

The alkyl or phenyl dichlorophosphanes (I) react with the Grignard reagents (II) to form the dialkyl or alkylphenyl chlorophosphanes (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Benzeneperoxyseleninic Acids ‐ Synthesis and Properties.
Authors: SYPER L. , MLOCHOWSKI J.
Published: May 2016

The desired title compound (II) can be obtained either from benzeneseleninic acid (I) or from diphenyldiselenide (III) by treatment with H2O2.
ChemInform Abstract: Ultrasonic Irradiation in One‐Pot Synthesis of Triethylaluminum Etherate and Its Conversion into Other Organometallic Compounds.
Authors: LIN Y.‐T.
Published: May 2016

The title compound (IV) is synthesized from ethyl bromide (I), aluminum (II), and magnesium (III) by irradiation with ultrasound in the presence of iodine, followed by precipitation with ether.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure and Coordination Chemistry of the Pentane‐Soluble Sodium Salt of an Oxygen Tripod Ligand.
Authors: KLAEUI W. + , MUELLER A. + , EBERSPACH W. , BOESE R. , GOLDBERG I.
Published: May 2016

The sodium salt of the anionic halfsandwich complex (VII) crystallizes as trimeric aggregate (I) in the space group P21/c with Z=4.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Metal Complexes. Part 21. Stereochemical Analysis of Ternary Ru(II) Complexes of α‐Diimines and Glycine or N‐Substituted Glycines, Including the Crystal Structure of rac‐(Ru(bpy)2(gly))ClO4·2 H2O.
Authors: ANDERSON M. A. , RICHARDS J. P. G. , STARK A. G. , STEPHENS F. S. , VAGG R. S. , WILLIAMS P. A.
Published: May 2016

Photolabile complexes of the general form rac‐(III) or (IV), resp., are prepared (see scheme) and their structures in solution analysed by 1H NMR spectroscopy.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses, Properties, and Electrochemistry of Transition‐Metal Complexes of the Macrocycle 1,4,7‐Tris(2‐pyridylmethyl)‐1,4,7‐triazacyclononane (L). Crystal Structures of (NiL)(ClO4)2, (MnL)(ClO4)2, and (PdL)(PF6)2 Containing a Distorted‐Square‐Base‐Pyramidal Pd(II)N5 Core.
Authors: WIEGHARDT K. , SCHOEFFMANN E. + , NUBER B. , WEISS J.
Published: May 2016

The new hexadentate macrocyclic ligand (I) is prepared by reaction of an aqueous solution of 1,4,7‐triazacyclononane with 2‐picolyl chloride at 20 °C. (I) reacts with various metal chlorides in methanolic solution upon addition of NaClO4 to give the corresponding complex ions (IIa)‐(IId) as perchlorate salts.
ChemInform Abstract: Genesis of Tetrathiooxalate‐like C2S4 and C2Se4 Units. A Multiform Experimental Study and the Relevant Theoretical Implications for the Role of Transition‐Metal Fragments.
Authors: BIANCHINI C. , MEALLI C. , MELI A. , SABAT M. , ZANELLO P.
Published: May 2016

Binuclear complexes of the general formula (I) are obtained from (II) after elimination of chloride or azide ligands in EtOH/CH2Cl2 and addition of suitable anions.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Diferrocenylglyoxime and Some of Its Transition Metal Complexes.
Authors: ERTAS M. , KORAY A. R. , AHSEN V. , BEKAROGLU O.
Published: May 2016

The glyoxime (III) is obtained by reaction of the monobromoferrocene (I) with anti‐dichloroglyoxime (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Stereoselective Transformation of (+)‐3‐Carene to Bicyclo(3.1.0)hexane Derivative.
Authors: KOZLOWSKA M. , SOBOTKA W.
Published: May 2016

Epoxidation of (+)‐3‐carene followed by acid hydrolysis yields compound (I) which is transformed to the title derivative (III) (in part no yields given).
ChemInform Abstract: Dehydrogenase Inactivation by an Enzyme‐Generated Acetylenic Ketone: Identification of a Lysyl Enaminone by 13C NMR.
Authors: AUCHUS R. J. , COVEY D. F.
Published: May 2016

Evidence is presented that the inactivation of E2‐HSD by the enzyme generated acetylenic ketone derived from (I) is accompanied by the formation of a Michael adduct (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Amino Acids and Related Compounds. Part 32. Useful Syntheses of β‐Amino‐γ‐ketobutyric Acid Derivatives from Aspartic Acid.
Authors: SEKI M. , KUBOTA H. , MORIYA T. , YAMAGISHI M. , NISHIMOTO S. , MATSUMOTO K.
Published: May 2016

Aspartic acid (II) is coupled with the acyl chlorides (Id) and then cyclized to yield the azlactones (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Modifications on N‐Acetylneuraminic Acid. Part 6. Syntheses of 7‐Oxo‐ and 8‐Oxo‐N‐acetylneuraminic Acid Derivatives.
Authors: ZBIRAL E. , PHADTARE S. , SCHMID W.
Published: May 2016

The N‐acetylneuraminic acid derivatives (I) are converted to the 7‐ and 8‐oxo compounds (II) and (Vd), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Application of the Lewis Acid Catalyzed (4 + 2)Cycloaddition Reaction to Synthesis of Natural Quinoline Alkaloids.
Authors: KAMETANI T. , TAKEDA H. , SUZUKI Y. , KASAI H. , HONDA T.
Published: May 2016

Reaction of the Schiff bases (I) and (IV) with ethyl vinyl ether (II) or 1,1‐diethoxypropane (V) yields the quinolines (III) and (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of the Carbocyclic Analogue of β‐Ribofuranosylmalonate, New Synthon for Carbocyclic C‐Nucleoside Formation by Retrograde Aldol C‐C Bond Fission.
Authors: KATAGIRI N. , HANEDA T. , KANEKO C.
Published: May 2016

The methoxymethylenemalonate (I) is converted to the acetoxy derivative (II) which reacts with cyclopentadiene (III), yielding the adduct (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Conversion of (‐)‐Limonen‐10‐ol to 11‐Deoxyprostaglandin.
Authors: SUEMUNE H. , MARUOKA H. , SAEKI S. , SAKAI K.
Published: May 2016

(‐)‐Limonen‐10‐ol (I) is converted to the 11‐desoxyprostaglandin precursor (III) via the key intermediates (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Pyrethroid Insecticides. Part 2. Synthesis of α‐Cyano Substituted 3‐Quinolylmethyl Esters.
Authors: BALICKI R. , KOZLOWSKA M. , SOBOTKA W.
Published: May 2016

Transformation of quinoline (I) to the derivative (IIIc) and reaction with the diastereomeric, racemic or optically pure acid chlorides (V) yield the title compounds (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Ceramic Fibers from Hydridopolysilazene.
Authors: LEGROW G. E. , LIM T. F. , LIPOWITZ J. , REAOCH R. S.
Published: May 2016

(I) reacts with (II) to yield a highly branched solid polysilazane of the general formula (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Dissolution of Metal Oxides
Authors: BLESA M. A. , MAROTO A. J. G.
Published: May 2016

Review: (analysis of the thermodynamic and kinetic factors that influence metal oxide solubility in aqueous media; 80 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalysts ‐ Controlling Reactivity for Making Solids with Elaborate Architecture
Authors: DELMON B.
Published: May 2016

Review: (reactivity problems involved in their preparation, activation, ageing, and regeneration taking three typical examples: control of active phase profile inside catalyst pellets, activation of hydrodesulfurization catalysts, and synthesis of a still experimental catalyst, namely contamination free tungsten carbide; 72 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: closo‐Halogenohydrohexaborates. Part 3. Vibrational Spectra of the closo‐Halogenohydrohexaborates XnB6H2‐ 6‐n, n = 1‐5, X: Cl, Br, I.
Authors: FRITZE J. , PREETZ W.
Published: May 2016

The IR and Raman spectra of 20 halogenohydrohexaborates including pairs of stereoisomers have been assigned according to their point groups determined in Part 2. Due to weak coupling, the vibrations are treated separately in terms of internal B6‐cage modes and modes of the substituents against the cage entity.
ChemInform Abstract: Bi12GeO20 Photoelectrical Memory.
Authors: BRAUN C. M. , FUJISHIMA A.
Published: May 2016

The existence of two kinds of space charge fields in a Bi12GeO20 single crystal is demonstrated using two liquid junctions as contacts.
ChemInform Abstract: Dielectric Characteristics of Double Layer Structure of Extremely Thin Ta2O5/SiO2 on Si.
Authors: NISHIOKA Y. , KIMURA S. , SHINRIKI H. , MUKAI K.
Published: May 2016

Amorphous, 6‐40 nm thick films of Ta2O5 have been deposited on Si by reactive sputtering and their structure and dielectric properties have been investigated.
ChemInform Abstract: The Isomolecular Exchange Reaction Ga2S(g) + In2S(g) = 2 InGaS(g)
Authors: MUKDEEPROM P. , EDWARDS J. G.
Published: May 2016

has been investigated in the temp. range 1060‐1350 K by the Knudsen‐effusion, mass‐spectrometric method.
ChemInform Abstract: Potentiodynamic Oxidation of HgCdTe Surface Formed by Fracture in Solution.
Authors: LASER D. , SILBERMAN J. A. , SPICER W. E. , WILSON J. A.
Published: May 2016

The anodic oxidation of fresh surfaces (fractured in the anodizing solution) of HgTe and HgCdTe has been carried out potentiodynamically.
ChemInform Abstract: A Physical Chemical Study of Vanadium(IV) Oxide Perrhenate.
Authors: ZAITSEVA L. L. , CHIZHOV A. A.
Published: May 2016

The dihydrate of the title compound ‐ VO(ReO4)2·2 H2O ‐ is synthesized by dissolving VO(OH)2 in HReO4.
ChemInform Abstract: Application of UV Photoelectron Spectroscopy to Molecular Properties. Part 27. Stereochemistry of Ligand Exchange Reactions of Titanocene Derivatives.
Authors: GUIMON C. , PFISTER‐GUILLOUZO G. , BESANCON J. , MEUNIER P.
Published: May 2016

The electronic structure of pseudohalogen (NCO, NCS) complexes of titanocenes are analyzed on the basis of He(I) and He(II) PE data and extended Hückel results.
ChemInform Abstract: An Unusual Copper‐Uridine Octamer: Existence in Solution and Structural Study in Its Auto‐Built Zeolitic Network in the Solid State.
Authors: GALY J. , MOSSET A. , GRENTHE I. , PUIGDOMENECH I. , SJOEBERG B. + , HULTEN F.
Published: May 2016

The structure of the copper(II)‐uridine complex (I) is determined by a single‐crystal X‐ray analysis (space group P432, Z=3).
ChemInform Abstract: The First Authenticated Example of Geometrical Isomers in Organotin(IV) Coordination Chemistry. The Crystal and Molecular Structures of Octahedral cis‐ and trans‐SnR2 Isomeric Adducts of Dichlorobis(4‐chlorophenyl)tin(IV) with 4,4′‐Dimethyl‐2,2′‐bipyridyl.
Authors: DAS V. G. K. , KEONG Y. C. , WEI C. , SMITH P. J. , MAK T. C. W.
Published: May 2016

The crystal structures of the cis‐ and trans‐SnR2 skeletal isomers of the octahedral title complex are reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Secondary Bonding. Part 14. Structural Isomerism in Diaryliodonium Halides and the Structure of Di(p‐tolyl)iodonium Bromide.
Authors: ALCOCK N. W. , COUNTRYMAN R. M.
Published: May 2016

The X‐ray structure determination of the title compound (space group P1, Z = 6) shows that the unit cell contains one centrosymm.
ChemInform Abstract: Investigation of the Solution Phase and Solid State Structures of Hector′s and Dost′s Bases by 13C NMR Spectroscopy.
Authors: BUTLER A. , EDLUND U. , GLIDEWELL C. , NORDEN B.
Published: May 2016

The solid state and solution 13C NMR spectra of Hector's Base (I), Dost's Base (II), and the related compound (III) have been compared.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Synthesis and Equilibration of Methylamines on Sodium Mordenite.
Authors: WEIGERT F. J.
Published: May 2016

Sodium mordenite catalyzes the sequential reactions of methanol and ammonia to give methylamine and dimethylamine, but little trimethylamine.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Esters from Organic Acids and 2,3‐Dichloropropanol‐1.
Authors: YUSIFOV CH. A. , MAGERRAMOV M. N. , AKHMEDOV SH. T. , IDAYATOV R. B.
Published: May 2016

The chlorinated esters (III) and (V) are synthesized by a novel procedure.
ChemInform Abstract: An Approach to the Construction of Aromatic Steroids Using Electrocyclic Ring Closure.
Authors: GILCHRIST T. L. , STANFORD J. E.
Published: May 2016

The tetralone (I) is treated with the organometallic reagents (II) or (III) to give almost exclusively the cis‐alcohols (IV) which, when heated with the Grignard compound (V), rearrange with loss of chloride anions to the vinyl ketones (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Photooxidation of 5,6‐Dihydroxy‐1‐methyl‐indole.
Authors: D'ISCHIA M. , PROTA G.
Published: May 2016

Photooxidation of the indole (I) in MeOH with Pyrex‐filtered UV light leads to a complex mixture of fluorescent compounds from which (II)‐(VI) are isolated (yields given in mg).
ChemInform Abstract: Intermediates in Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution.
Authors: BACALOGLU R. , BUNTON C. A. , CERICHELLI G.
Published: May 2016

In dilute aqueous NaOH no intermediates are seen in the substitution of the picryl compounds (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Isolation and Characterization of Vinylidene from the Dehydrogenation of Ethylidyne on the Ru(001) p(2·2)O Surface.
Authors: HILLS M. M. , PARMETER J. E. , WEINBERG W. H.
Published: May 2016

Electron energy loss spectroscopic measurements indicate the formation of the vinylidene species (III) in the title reaction in contrast to the decomposition of ethylene (I) via (II) at the Ru(001) surface.
ChemInform Abstract: Mild Selective Deoxygenation of Amine Oxides by Tin‐Tin Bonded Derivatives.
Authors: JOUSSEAUME B. , CHANSON E.
Published: May 2016

Hexabutyldistannane (II) is used in the reduction of the tertiary amine oxides (I) to produce the corresponding amines (III).
ChemInform Abstract: A New Method for the Synthesis of tert‐Alkyl Chlorides from tert‐Alcohols.
Authors: CRICH D. , FORTT S. M.
Published: May 2016

The tertiary alcohols (I) are converted to the oxalyl monochloride alkyl esters (II) which react with N‐hydroxypyridine‐2‐thione sodium salt (III) and tetrachloromethane to yield the tert‐alkyl chlorides (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Acetylenic Esters. Preparation and Mechanism of Formation of Alkynyl Tosylates and Mesylates via Tricoordinate Iodonium Species.
Authors: STANG P. J. , SURBER B. W. , CHEN Z.‐C. , ROBERTS K. A. , ANDERSON A. G.
Published: May 2016

Reaction of the iodosobenzene diacetate (I) with the sulfonic acids (II) yields the stable crystalline iodonium salts (III) which give the iodonium sulfonates (V) on treatment with the alkynes (IV) by a procedure analogous to a literature method.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Synthetic Application of 1,2‐Benzodithiolium Cations: Synthesis of Aldehydes by 1‐Carbon Homologation of Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: CERUTI M. , DEGANI I. , FOCHI R.
Published: May 2016

The olefination of the carbonyl compounds (II) with 2‐phosphonylbenzothiole (I) yields the benzo‐1,4‐dithiafulvenes (III) which are reduced in two steps using tetrafluoroboric acid and sodium borohydride.
ChemInform Abstract: Not the Enolate Claisen Rearrangement. A Surprising Route to the “Right‐Wing” of Indanomycin (X‐14547A).
Authors: BURKE S. D. , ARMISTEAD D. M. , SHANKARAN K.
Published: May 2016

4‐Ethylcyclopentenone (I) is converted to the lactone (III) and the silyl enol ether (IV) which is rearranged to form the triene (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Synthesis of α‐Methylene γ‐Butyrolactams via Cyclisation of Homoallylic Chloroformamides.
Authors: HENIN F. , MUZART J. , PETE J.‐P.
Published: May 2016

The 2‐methylene‐2‐pyrrolidinones (IV) and their isomers (V) are obtained by cyclization of the homoallylic chloroformamides (I) in the presence of the Pd‐catalysts (II) and the phosphines (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of gem‐Bistriflates: Reaction of Aliphatic Aldehydes with Trifluoromethanesulfonic Acid Anhydride.
Authors: GARCIA MARTINEZ A. , MARTINEZ ALVAREZ R. , GARCIA FRAILE A. , SUBRAMANIAN L. R. , HANACK M.
Published: May 2016

The aldehydes (I) react with trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (II) in the presence of the sterically hindered pyridines (III) to produce the gem‐bistriflates (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: In situ Generation of 4π‐Sulphinylaminomethanide Species from W=X=Y‐ZH Systems and Their Cycloaddition Reactions.
Authors: GRIGG R. , DOWLING M. , SRIDHARAN V.
Published: May 2016

The α‐amino acids (II) and the α‐amino esters (V) react with the maleimides (I) and N‐sulfinylaniline (III), yielding the cycloadducts (IV) and (VI) respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: A Partially Rigid Butyrophenone Analog with Extended Conformation.
Authors: CHAN C. C. , FARMER P. S.
Published: May 2016

Starting with tetralone (I), the piperidinoethyl derivative (VIII) is prepared as shown in the reaction scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Iminophosphorane‐Mediated Synthesis of Thieno(3,2‐c)pyridine, Thieno(2,3‐c)pyridine, and Furo(3,2‐c)pyridine Derivatives.
Authors: MOLINA P. , FRESNEDA P. M. , HURTADO F.
Published: May 2016

The iminophosphoranes (III) and (VIII), prepared from the ethyl azidoheteroarylacrylates (I) or (VII) and triphenylphosphine (II), react with the aromatic isocyanates (IV) to yield the title compounds (VI) and (IX) respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Properties of New Cationic Surfactants.
Authors: PEGIADOU‐KOEMPTJOPOULOU S. , TSATSARONI E.
Published: May 2016

The pyrimidinium salts (III) and (IV) are prepared by alkylating (I) with the long‐chain alkyl halides (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Substituted 2‐Amino‐4‐benzylthio‐1,3,5‐triazines from Isothiouronium Salts and Carboxylic Acid Anhydrides.
Authors: RADICS U. , MITZNER E. , LIEBSCHER J.
Published: May 2016

The title salts (I) react with Ac2O (II) in Py to give the triazines (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Sila‐Pharmaca. Part 36. Sila‐Procyclidine: A New Synthesis as well as Investigations of the Peripheral and Central Anticholinergic Activity.
Authors: TACKE R. , PIKIES J. , LINOH H. , ROHR‐AEHLE R. , GOENNE S. +
Published: May 2016

The title compound (IXa) and its analogues (IXb) and (IXc) are prepared from (I) in 7‐19% overall yield.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of α‐Aminophosphonic Acids. Part 3. Asymmetric Synthesis of Diethyl (S)‐(1‐Aminoalkyl)phosphonates Using (+)‐Camphor as Chiral Auxiliary.
Authors: SCHOELLKOPF U + , SCHUETZE R. +
Published: May 2016

The key intermediates (V) are prepared by reaction of (+)‐camphor (I) with (II) to afford (III), followed by lithiation and treatment with the alkyl halides (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: α‐Substituted Phosphonates. Part 49. Phosphonoformaldehyde O,S‐Acetals and Phosphonoformic Acid Orthoesters.
Authors: COSTISELLA B. , KEITEL I.
Published: May 2016

Anodic oxidation of diethyl methylthiomethylphosphonate (I) yields the O,S‐acetal (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Symmetrical Tetra‐alkyl Monoselenopyrophosphates: Compounds Containing a Selenium Bridge between Two Phosphoryl Centres.
Authors: DEMBINSKI R. , KAMINSKI R. , MICHALSKI J. , SKOWRONSKA A.
Published: May 2016

The dialkyltrimethylsilyl selenophosphates (I) react with the dialkyltrimethylsilyl phosphites (II) in the presence of sulfuryl chloride, producing the selenopyrophosphates (III).
ChemInform Abstract: 1‐Tellurochromylium Perchlorate.
Authors: LADATKO A. A. , NIVOROZHKIN V. L. , SADEKOV I. D.
Published: May 2016

Tellurochromene (I) is converted to tellurochromylium perchlorate (III) by treatment with tritylium perchlorate (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Some Aspects of the Reactivity of the First Stable Germaphosphene.
Authors: ESCUDIE J. , COURET C. , ANDRIANARISON M. , SATGE J.
Published: May 2016

Germaphosphene (I) is very reactive toward the compounds (II) with active hydrogens to give the sec. phosphines (III) with high regiospecificity.
ChemInform Abstract: Binucleating N6 24‐ and 26‐Membered Macrocyclic Ligands. Part 1. Dilead Complexes: X‐Ray Crystal Structure Determination of a Macrocyclic Dilead Complex Containing Nitrogen‐Only Bridging Thiocyanate.
Authors: MURPHY B. P. , NELSON J. , NELSON S. M. , DREW M. G. B. , YATES P. C.
Published: May 2016

Template reaction of 1,5‐diaminopentane or 1,6‐diaminohexane with 2,6‐diacetylpyridine on Pb(NCS)2 leads to the binuclear complexes (I) of the macrocyclic condensation product.
ChemInform Abstract: Acetyl Substitution of the Cyclopentadienyl Ligand in Molybdenum Complexes. Nucleophilic Additions to Coordinated Allyl Groups.
Authors: VANARSDALE W. E. , KOCHI J. K.
Published: May 2016

The acetylcyclopentadienylmolybdenum complexes (IV) are formed as byproducts when the complexes (I) are treated with cyclopentadienyllithium (II), yielding the dicarbonyl η3‐allyl molybdenum compounds (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Transition Metal Ketene Compounds. Part 28. Synthesis of Tungsten‐Containing Five‐Ring Heterocycles by Addition of Trimethylphosphine to Phosphino and Arsinoketene Complexes.
Authors: KREISSL F. R. , WOLFGRUBER M. , THEWALT U.
Published: May 2016

The phosphino or arsinoketene tungsten complexes (I) are coupled with the trialkylphosphines (II) to yield the heterocyclic phosphonium salts (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Gas‐Phase Organometallic Kinetics: Substitution of CO for C2H4 in Fe(CO)3(C2H4)2
Authors: WEILLER B. H. , MILLER M. E. , GRANT E. R.
Published: May 2016

(discussion of a dissociative substitution mechanism for the gas‐phase reaction of Fe(CO)3(C2H4)2 with CO at 297 K to form Fe(CO)4(C2H4).
ChemInform Abstract: The Preparation and Coordination Chemistry of 2,2′:6′,2′′‐Terpyridine Macrocycles. Part 5. Unsubstituted Fifteen‐Membered‐Ring Macrocycles Containing 2,2′:6′,2′′‐Terpyridine.
Authors: CONSTABLE E. C. , HOLMES J. M. , MCQUEEN R. C. S.
Published: May 2016

The Mannich base (I) reacts with (II) to give the terpyridine derivative (III), which is converted to the ligand (IV) by nucleophilic displacement of Br.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of the Alkoxo(hydrido) Clusters (Ru3(μ‐H)(CO)10(μ‐OR)) (R: Me, Et, nPr, or nBu) Catalyzed by Dinuclear Carbonyl Iron Complexes.
Authors: AIME S. , BOTTA M. , GOBETTO R. , OSELLA D. , PADOVAN F.
Published: May 2016

The use of the dinuclear Fe complexes (II) and (III) as catalysts in reactions of CO replacement in Ru3(CO)12 (I) by the weak nucleophilic molecules ROH allows the isolation of the novel series of derivatives (IV), previously inaccessible by thermal routes.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of Binuclear Platinum Group Metal Complexes of Novel Hexadentate Ligands α,α′‐Bis(bis(2‐(diphenylphosphino)ethyl)amino)‐p‐xylene and α,α′‐Bis(bis(2‐(diphenylarsino)ethyl)amino)‐p‐xylene.
Authors: KHAN M. M. T. , SWAMY B.
Published: May 2016

α,α'‐Dibromo‐p‐xylene reacts with diethanolamine and potassium carbonate in EtOH to give (Ia), which on reaction with excess thionyl chloride gives the organic chloride (Ib), the starting compound for the new title ligands (II).