bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Flood Hazard Mapping and Vulnerability Analysis of Bishnumati River, Nepal
Authors: Dangol Susheel , Bormudoi Arnob
Published: August 2021

Flood is one of the striking water induced disaster that hits most of the part of the world. In Nepal also it is one of the serious disasters which affect the human lives and huge amount of property. The increase of population and squatter settlements of landless people living at the bank of the river has tremendous pressure in encroachment of flood plain making them vulnerable to the flood damage. The study describes the technical approach of probable flood vulnerability and flood hazard analysis. Bishnumati catchment was taken as area of study. One dimension model of HEC-RAS with HEC-GeoRAS interface in co-ordination with ArcGIS was applied for the analysis. Analysis shows that the flood area increases with flood intensity. Higher flood depth increases and lower flood depth decreases with increase in intensity of flood. Inundation of huge area of urban land indicates that in future human lives are more prone to flood disaster. Thus, the study may help in future planning and management for future probable disaster.Nepalese Journal on Geoinformatics, Vol. 14, 2015, page: 20-24
Pixel to Picture and Picture to Person
Authors: Sharma Rabin K.
Published: August 2021

Remotely sensed data are related with the words pixel and resolution as the picture is formed from the pixel having the size defined by the value of resolution of the data. There are unlimited sectors where remote sensing technology can be applied to uplift the social status of the people. In order to make best use of this system, Regional Workshop on Himalayan GEOSS was organized in Nepal. The workshop developed a concept “pixel to picture and picture to person” based on the technology related to Earth observation. The concept to be used for the several sectors identified by the workshop which are also related with the Social benefit areas of the Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) of Group on Earth Observation (GEO). Therefore, this paper tries to summarize the result of the workshop in this particular theme.
Pedeutologia. Prawno-etyczne podstawy zawodu nauczyciela
Authors: Madalińska-Michalak Joanna
Published: August 2021

A theoretical-empirical study on pedeutology, which helps understand the complexity of from the legal and ethical perspective, The author describes the specific nature of the teaching profession in a competent and accessible manner, presenting her own model of differentia specifica. She also presents the current state and the dynamics of changes in this profession in Poland. She analyses key issues such as teacher’s professional responsibility, ethical dilemmas and a professional code of ethics. She reflects on the attractiveness of the job and the measures of it. Finally, she presents seven significant challenges that should be faced to strengthen the teaching profession.
COMPETITIVE PRACTICE IN FOREIGN CHILDREN'S AND YOUTH FOOTBALL
Authors: Nikolaienko Valerii , Osiptsov Andrey , Dub Igor , Kosholap Anatolii , Vertel Alexander , Balychev Mykhailo
Published: August 2021

In the 1980s, experts from different countries with developed football, realizing that "street" football is a thing of the past, came to the conclusion that it is necessary to revise the system of training young talents and give children the opportunity to train and play according to their own rules i.e. to the "nature" of children's football. When licensing football clubs, the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) defined the requirements for the development of training programs for young football players based on strategic tasks, where priority is given to the individual development of the player, and the achievement of sports results is secondary (“development first, then the result ”). World experience shows that in order to create conditions for the gradual development of the diverse qualities of young players, it is necessary: firstly, to refuse to participate in official competitions up to 12 years old in order to focus on the quality and effectiveness of the training process aimed at individual development and training of a creative player; secondly, to conduct training sessions in a game form on a high emotional background with the obligatory consideration of age and individual characteristics of children. It is the application of the game method that is the key to effective learning, during which individual opportunities develop, game intelligence is formed, the foundations of the child‟s technical and tactical skills are laid, which in the future will determine the player‟s potential at a professional level.
The priority of sports results as the main destructive factor in the training system of young football players 6-13 years old
Authors: Bairachniy Oleg
Published: August 2021

Achievement of high efficiency of functioning of children and youth sports schools is possible only in conditions of building a rational system of training young football players. The rational system of training the sports reserve in football, among other things, involves the maximum realization of the athlete's motor and mental potential in the optimal age intervals for this. The orientation of sports schools towards achieving a long-term goal and full disclosure of individual capabilities, starting from the first stages of many years of training, is the key to the emergence of qualified and competitive players.

At the same time, one of the main features of the system of youth football in Ukraine is the excessive striving of the majority of coaches of children's teams for a result in a match and victories in tournaments. The purpose of the research was to study the specificity of the orientation of various components of training young football players of 6-13 years old in terms of priority of the competitive result. Research results. The article presents the results of the analysis of the negative influence of the priority of the current competitive result on the content and orientation of various types of training. The nature of the changes in the orientation of the training process and their relationship with the level of preparedness of the players in the long term have been demonstrated. Taking into account the interconnection of different types of training, the consequences of planning the training process were revealed, provided that the current competitive results are of paramount importance at the early stages of long-term training.
Resource possibilities of military sports games in patriotic education
Authors: Skirda T.
Published: August 2021

Patriotic education is one of the priority tasks of the state and in modern conditions is of exceptional importance, due to a number of factors and society's requirements for the personality of a citizen-patriot. Such personality characteristics as initiative, love for the Fatherland, ability to participate in public life, readiness to defend the Motherland become necessary for the development and prosperity of the state.

The effectiveness of patriotic education of student youth depends in part on the choice of modern forms and methods of education.

Thus, there is a need to use modern methodological tools that will form and develop these characteristics. One such tool is military sports, which have a powerful potential in educating patriotism.

The effectiveness of military-patriotic sports games in patriotic education is confirmed by increasing the level of patriotic education of participants, expanding the knowledge needed by a citizen-patriot, the formation of skills important for future defenders of Ukraine. This form of work stimulates the interest of student youth in patriotic activities, awakens the desire to develop and improve themselves.

The use of military sports games in the practice of patriotic education contributes to the expansion of the arsenal of forms and methods of work in the activities of educational institutions and children's public organizations and increases the effectiveness of educational influences. Such games help to further motivate and interest children and students to study the history of their country, culture and traditions, understanding values, understanding the importance of defending the Fatherland, the importance of participation in the life of every citizen. their ability to test themselves in different roles, to show responsibility, to develop physical and moral qualities.
Hemos comprado una 3D para la biblioteca: esta ha sido nuestra experiencia
Authors: JuÃ¡rez-Urquijo Fernando
Published: August 2021

El movimiento maker es un movimiento social en el que los mÃ©todos de fabricaciÃ³n digital se han hecho accesibles a escala personal. Las bibliotecas pÃºblicas son ideales para ofrecer espacios para creadores (makerspaces) en los que se propone el uso colaborativo de herramientas y tecnologÃ­as para fomentar el aprendizaje informal. La impresiÃ³n 3D ha sido una de las claves para la expansiÃ³n del movimiento maker y su incipiente presencia en bibliotecas, identificada a menudo como â€œla vÃ­a de accesoâ€ a la filosofÃ­a maker, sigue siendo mÃ¡s un deseo que una realidad. En este trabajo contamos la experiencia de compra y puesta en marcha de una impresora 3D para reflexionar sobre los espacios de creaciÃ³n en una biblioteca pÃºblica.
Sistem Kavramı ve Uluslararası İlişkiler Disiplinindeki Tanımları
Authors: GÖKÇE Emrah Utku
Published: August 2021

Bu çalışma sistem ve uluslararası sistem kavramlarını konu edinmektedir. Türkçe Uluslararası İlişkiler (Uİ) literatürü içinde sistemin ne anlama geldiğine dair yeterli kavram çalışması yoktur. Bu nedenle hem sistem hem de uluslararası sistemin ne ifade ettiğini tespit etmek için bu çalışma yapılarak literatüre katkı yapılması hedeflenmiştir. İlgili kavramları tanımlamak için nitel araştırma yöntemleri içinde yer alan kavram analizi yöntemine başvurulmuştur. Veriler sözlüklerden ve sistem kavramını çalışan akademisyenlerin çalışmalarından elde edilmiştir. Uİ disiplini içinde hem sistem hem de uluslararası sistem kavramının tek ve ortak bir tanımının olmadığı çalışmanın en temel vargısıdır.
Penerapan Standar Mutu SNI 3021-1992 Edisi ke-1 (Satu) Dalam Prosedur Uji Kinerja Termal Sistem Pemanas Air Tenaga Surya (PATS)
Authors: Fachrizal Noor
Published: August 2021

Laboratorium Pengujian Pemanas Air Tenaga Surya (LPPATS-B2TKE) telah mampu melayani pengujian produk Pemanas Air Tenaga Surya (PATS) komersial berdasarkan SNI 3021-1992 Edisi ke-1 (satu). Pengembangan prosedur uji perlu dtingkatkan agar melengkapi kemampuan menguji seluruh parameter yang ada dalam standar SNI. Prosedur pengujian kinerja sistem PATS terdeskripsi secara implisit dalam bentuk tabel dan rumus-rumus, sehingga perlu dirinci untuk diimplementasikan dalam pengujian. Mengadopsi prosedur termosifon pada SNI, dengan perhitungan kalor perolehan harian, prosedur ini dapat menghasilkan parameter efisiensi harian sistem, yang dapat dgunakan untuk memprediksi perolehan kalor tahunan PATS, klasifikasi produk PATS, dan fraksi matahari. Hasil ujicoba prosedur ini pada unit PATS kapasitas 150 liter dan luasan kolektor 1.97 m2 selama 19 hari, diperoleh efisiensi harian dalam rentang 39,13% hingga 47,61% dalam radiasi harian antara 3.66 – 5.82 kwh/m2, prediksi kalor perolehan tahunan 1370,87 kWh, fraksi matahari 75%, dan prediksi perolehan kalor tahunan klasifikasi 2783.49 kWh, menempatkan di kelas III berdasarkan standar SNI.
СОЦІАЛЬНО-ДЕМОГРАФІЧНІ ТА КЛІНІЧНІ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ПАЦІЄНТІВ З АБУЗУСНИМ ГОЛОВНИМ БОЛЕМ В ПОЄДНАНІ З ХРОНІЧНИМ ГОЛОВНИМ БОЛЕМ НАПРУГИ
Authors: Дельва М.Ю. , Дельва І.І. , Пінчук В.А. , Силенко Г.Я. , Кривчун А.М.
Published: August 2021

Introduction. A study of medication overuse headache (MOH) can define the risk group for MOH in patients with primary headaches. The aim of the research is to study the socio-demographic, clinical and pharmacotherapeutic characteristics of patients with MOH and chronic tension-type headache (CTTH). Material and methods. We examined 28 patients with MOH in combination with CTTH and 34 patients with CTTH. MOH and CTTH were diagnosed according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd revision. Anxiety and depressive signs were assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; abdominal obesity was determined using waist circumference. Quantitative values were presented as the median and the interquartile range. Quantitative samples were analyzed according to Mann-Whitney U-test, qualitative samples - according to Fisher's exact test. Differences at p <0.05 were considered significant. Results. Patients with MOH and CTTH had the following characteristics: female gender - 79%, age - 41.0 (33.0-49.5) years, familyless state - 54%, higher education - 25%, employment - 46%, smoking - 43%, anxiety signs - 71%, depressive signs - 75%, cervicalgia - 36%, lower back pain - 61%, arterial hypertension - 21%, diabetes mellitus - 7%, abdominal obesity - 46%, mild traumatic brain injury - 43%, headache intensity - 5.0 (4.0-6.3) points on a visual analog scale, duration of headache attacks - 7.0 (5.0-8.3) hours, age of CTTH onset - 31,5 (23,0-41,0) years, duration of CTTH - 9.0 (6,8-10,3) years, duration of MOH – 15.5 (8.3-20.8) months. Patients with MOH and CTTH compared to patients with CTTH were significantly younger, had a history of traumatic brain injury, had significantly more headache days per month. Patients with MOH and CTTH overused combined analgesics (47%), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (32%), triptans with analgesics (21%). Abortive medications had been used on 23.0 (18.0-28.5) days a month, in form of 32.0 (27.3 -41.8) doses a month.
Total phenolic content, antiradical, antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties of grape and apple vinegar
Authors: KAHRAMAN Hatice Ahu , TUTUN Hidayet , KAYA Muhammet Mükerrem , TUTUN Soner , USLUER Melike Sultan , RUGJİ Jerina , YURDAKUL Ozen
Published: August 2021

Antimicrobial resistance – the capability of microorganisms to resist antimicrobial agents – has been stated as a major concern for public health. The increase in spread of multi- and pan-resistant bacteria which are not treatable with present antimicrobials has brought the need for the use of alternative products. Vinegar is a natural product- produced from alcoholic fermentation- that has shown strong antimicrobial activity. The aim of this study was to determine the total phenolic content and antiradical activity of the commercial grape and apple vinegar as well as to evaluate their antibiofilm and antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Grape vinegar showed higher total acidity and total phenolic content, and lower antiradical activity (DPPH activity) compared to apple vinegar. The populations of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were significantly reduced by neat grape and apple vinegar samples. The antibacterial activity of grape vinegar was superior to apple vinegar. While AV and GV samples at 50% concentration did not form a visible zone of inhibition against S. aureus, they showed an inhibitory effect against P. aeruginosa (16.24 mm for GV and 16.5 for AV). The vinegar applied at the lowest concentration (25%) did not show any antibacterial effect on either bacterium. Solutions containing 50% to 6.25% vinegar samples prevented almost 100% biofilm formation in both bacteria. However, solutions containing lower amounts of vinegar showed stronger inhibition of biofilm formation by P. aeruginosa. A positive correlation was found between the biofilm reducing ability of vinegar samples and their antibacterial activity in this study. Taken together, commercial grape and apple vinegar significantly reduced the viability of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, thereby decreasing biofilm formation.
SOSIALISASI PENATAAN RUMAH YANG RAPI MENGGUNAKAN FISCHER DI KECAMATAN SEMATANG BORANG
Authors: Basuki Mahmud
Published: August 2021

Implementation of community service (PKM) carried out in Sukamulya Village, Sematang Borang Subdistrict, Palembang City was motivated by a lack of knowledge and understanding of the community regarding physical aids in residential structuring. Fischer or viser is a tool for connecting screws made by plastic material that is commonly used for household installation purposes such as installing shelves, curtains, TV briquettes and so forth. The PKM method is carried out through socialization, the practice of installing a physical exam and a survey of material understanding using a questionnaire. The results of the socialization showed 75% more understanding and knowledge of the people of Sukamulya Village on the installation of fischer in the arrangement of the house to make it more presentable.
Pengenalan Computational Thinking Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Problem Solving
Authors: Lisnawita Lisnawita , Taslim Taslim , Musfawati Musfawati
Published: August 2021

Fakultas ilmu pertanian Universitas Lancang Kuning adalah salah satu fakultas milik yayasan Raja ali haji yang didirikan pada tahun 1982. Perkembangan teknologi yang semakin canggih ini, mendorong setiap fakultas harus bisa mengikuti perkembangan zaman. meskipun bergerak dibidang pertanian, maka mahasiswa sebagai generasi penerus harus mampu berdaya saing di era ekonomi digital ini dan tentunya juga harus bisa menyesuaikan perkembangan teknologi saat ini, karena jika tidak bisa beradaftasi dengan zaman sekarang, kemungkinan besar mahasiswa itu sendiri akan bisa ketertinggalan, baik dari segi penggunaan teknologi hingga berpikir secara komputasional. Pada saat ini kemampuan mahasiswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah masih rendah, Pada pengabdian ini dilakukan dengan ceramah dan memberikan contoh kasus dengan penyelesaiannya. Pelatihan ini dapat membuka pola pikir mahasiswa dan membantu mahasiswa agar terbiasa berfikir secara logis, terstruktur dan kreatif. Serta mahasiswa bisa fokus pada kemampuan berpikir untuk mencari pemecahan masalah dan mencari alternative lain sehingga mendapatkan solusi terbaik. Hasil dari Pelatihan yang dilakukan dapat meningkatkan pemahaman mahasiswa sebesar 84,7%. Terlihat dari peserta yang mampu menyelesaikan beberapa contoh kasus yang diberikan dengan baik.
Meningkatkan Semangat Mengonsumsi Jus Melalui Boba
Authors: Safitri Dini
Published: August 2021

Boba is a bubble tea made from tapioca flour and has a sweet taste. However, not a few boba that uses sugar in excess which is very dangerous for human health. At the present time all things can be viral quickly, something new will quickly spread in the community. A thing that is trending in the community will affect one's desires. As is currently developing boba, but many boba is not good for health. Therefore, we want to create healthy boba made from natural ingredients that can maintain health. Boba is different from boba in general. Fruit juice mixture that will add properties for health and fitness. We use Instagram social media to make observations and dedication even though in the midst of the 19th outbreak of Covid this service will continue.
Penyuluhan dan pelatihan kewirausahaan sebagai upaya peningkatan intensi berwirausaha pada UKM ”Bangkit”
Authors: Sulistyawati Sulistyawati , Mulasari Surahma Asti , Tentama Fatwa , Nafiati Lu'lu' , Yuliansyah Herman
Published: August 2021

Covid-19 has had a major impact on all aspects of life and in all fields. Since Covid-19 was declared a pandemic, there have been many impacts of Covid-19 and the most pronounced impact has been on the Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) sector. The aim of this program is to provide counseling and training to increase entrepreneurial intentions in “Rise” SMEs in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic. The target of this program is the people of Ngoro-Oro village who are members of UKM "Bangkit". The method used is in the form of counseling, training and direct practice (role play). Implementation of training for two days. The first day was in the form of counseling and entrepreneurial intention training which consisted of two sessions. The second day was the practice of processing local food ingredients into various types of food such as various kinds of chips (cassava chips, banana chips, spinach chips, etc.), various cakes such as bika and several types of brownies. The result of the program is that the community becomes aware of the concept of entrepreneurship, has the intention or desire to become entrepreneurial and has skills in processing local food ingredients into food products that have sale value.
PENGGUNAAN GOOGLE CLASSROOM BAGI GURU SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI 170 PALEMBANG SEBAGAI PLATFORM PEMBELAJARAN DARING DIMASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Guntoro Guntoro Barovih
Published: August 2021

Indonesia is currently facing the Covid-19 pandemic situation, where we are entering the New Normal stage. This New Normal stage changes the process of educational activities, conventional education is changed to New Normal era education. New Normal era education in the implementation of learning involves the use of technology, technology in delivering material to students in their respective educational units. The Ministry of Education and Culture of Indonesia officially conveys on the official website kemdikbud.go.id about Guidelines for the Implementation of Learning in the Academic Year and the New Academic Year in the New Normal Period. yellow, orange, and red zones are prohibited from conducting face-to-face learning in education units. Education units in these zones continue to learn by learning from home. This community service for SD Negeri 170 Palembang teachers aims to introduce the Google Classroom application as a means of supporting learning activities. The method in this service activity is training. The results obtained from this training activity on the use of Google Classroom are that it can increase teachers' understanding of technology that can be utilized optimally in conducting teaching and learning activities.
Pemberdayaan Siswa Melalui Penerapan Program Health Promotion Model Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Covid-19
Authors: Wiguna Reza Indra , Menap  , Asmawariza Lalu Hersika , Husen Lalu Muhammad Sadam , Pa'ni D Mustamu Kamal , Yulisutomo Suswinda , Apriani Lia Arian
Published: August 2021

Model promosi kesehatan merupakan model konsep perubahan sikap dan perilaku yang ditandai dengan meningkatnya pengetahuan tentang informasi kesehatan pada seseorang. Model ini digunakan pada saat kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat untuk memberdayakan kelompok siswa dalam upaya penanganan dan pencegahan penularan Covid-19 di sekolah. Sasaran kegiatan pemberdayaan ini adalah siswa-siswi yang tergabung dalam organisasi PMR, UKS dan OSIM Madrasah Aliyah Qamarul Huda Lombok Tengah yang terdiri dari 20 siswa dengan 9 siswa laki-laki dan 11 siswa perempuan. Kegiatan pengabdian ini diberikan dalam bentuk pendidikan kesehatan dan pelatihan. Materi edukasi yang diberikan seputar; Covid-19; penularan Covid-19 di lingkungan sekolah; kemudian materi protokol kesehatan 5M, materi tersebut disampaikan dengan metode ceramah, sedangkan materi simulasi dan pelatihan yang telah dilakukan mengenai; latihan 6 langkah cuci tangan; cara membuat hand sanitizer; dan mensimulasikan cara menggunakan masker dengan benar. Kegiatan pemberdayaan siswa Madrasah Aliyah Qamarul Huda melalui penerapan program HPM (Health Promotion Model) memberikan dampak positif yaitu dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap siswa tentang cara penanganan dan pencegahan penularan Covid-19 di lingkungan sekolah.
Medicinal plants and the communication on precautionary use of herbs during COVID-19 outbreak in Thailand
Authors: Chaiyasit Kamon , Torkaew Wittayatorn , Boonsiri Karn
Published: August 2021

COVID-19 has become a new global health issue that spreads easily and has high mortality rates across the world. Consequently, it is essential to discover new treatments rapidly. According to Integrative Medicine, certain herbs are useful for treating COVID-19 when taken with standard treatments. Thailand is one of the countries experiencing outbreaks and treating patients with herbs. For instance, some Thai patients are treated with Fah Talai Jone (Andrographis paniculata) at a different quantity limit used for treating fever and sore throats. Fah Talai Jone must be used with high precaution in renal insufficiency, hepatitis, or drug induced liver damage patients.  In addition, finger root (Boesenbergia rotunda) and ginger (Zingiber officinale) are also used for managing COVID-19, but there is insufficient evidence about quantity limits and side effects of using them.  Therefore, specialists need to do more research about the herbs to ensure the efficiency and safety of treatments.Keywords: herb in COVID, Fah Talai Jone, andrographolide, finger root, ginger, COVID, herb communication
Pycnogenol - extract from French maritime pine bark (Pinus pinaster), as an effective antioxidant against superoxide radical
Authors: Cizmarova Beata , Birkova Anna , Hubkova Beata , Bolerazska Beata
Published: August 2021

Background: Interest in the positive impact of naturally occurring polyphenols is still increasing in the scientific community. Research is focused mainly on their antioxidant properties, due to their significant effects in the prevention of diseases associated with oxidative stress. Pycnogenol is an extract from French maritime pine bark (Pinus pinaster), which is composed of a mixture of phenolic compounds: monomers (catechin, epicatechin, taxifolin), flavonoids (classed as procyanidins/proanthocyanidins), phenolic or cinnamic acids and their glycosides. Due to its composition, it has a high antioxidant capacity, and is used in traditional folk medicine, cosmetics and medicine.Purpose of the study: The aim is to study the antioxidant properties of pycnogenol in order to obtain experimental information on the antioxidant effect of pycnogenol in terms of concentration dependence and pH conditions.Methods: In our study, we used a methionine-riboflavin superoxide generator, and focused on determining the antioxidant capacity of Pycnogenol against the superoxide radical in different pH values (range 6.5 – 8) using the spectroscopic method.Results: Our results showed that the antioxidant properties increased with a higher concentration of the tested compound in the tested pH range. Amongst all tested pH values, the most appropriate for pycnogenol antioxidant capacity is slightly basic pH (pH 8).Conclusion: Information on the antioxidant and prooxidant properties of naturally occurring compounds is very important for understanding their activity and their proper use in prevention, disease treatment, and detection of pathological processes. The antioxidant activity of pycnogenol depends on the structure and concentration of antioxidants; it only slightly changes at different pH values. Increasing concentration of pycnogenol enhances its antioxidant properties.Keywords: Pycnogenol, reactive oxygen species, spectrophotometry, pH dependency
Differences in human and sheep platelet adherence, aggregation and activation induced by glass beads in a modified chandler loop-system
Authors: Greif G. , Mrowietz C. , Meyer-Sievers H. , Ganter M. , Jung F. , Hiebl B.
Published: August 2021

In human cardiovascular research, sheep in particular are used as a large animal model in addition to pigs. In these animals, medical products, developed and tested for human medical purposes, are almost exclusively used in interventional studies. Therefore, the extent to which platelets from human and ovine blood differ in terms of adherence, aggregation and activation after a 4- or 8-minutes exposure to glass was investigated. Testing was performed with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and a modified chandler loop-system, with 4- and 8-minute blood-material exposure times corresponding to 20 and 40 test cycles, respectively, through the entire silicone tube loop of the test system. In sheep and human PRP, contact with the silicone tubing resulted in a decrease in platelet count after 4 minutes and 20 test cycles, respectively. Four more minutes (20 additional test cycles) caused a further decrease of the platelet count only in sheep PRP. When the silicon tube was partly filled with glass beads, these effects were more pronounced and stronger in sheep then in human PRP. The mean platelet volume, which was used as parameter for platelet aggregation, did not change over time in human PRP without glass exposure. With glass exposure in human and sheep PRP the mean platelet volume increased within 40 test cycles, but this increase was stronger in sheep than in human PRP. Regarding activation behavior, the activation markers CD62P and CD63 were detectable only in < 30% (sheep) and < 45% (human) of platelets, whereas after 8 min of glass exposure, the proportion of CD62P+ and CD63+ cells was more increased than before only in sheep. These results indicate that ovine platelets adhere more strongly to glass and show stronger aggregation behavior after glass contact than human platelets, but that ovine and human platelets differ only slightly in activability by glass.
Cellular response of blood-borne immune cells to PEEU fiber meshes
Authors: Maring Janita A. , Becker Matthias , Tung Wing Tai , Stamm Christof , Ma Nan , Lendlein Andreas
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND: Polymeric materials have been widely used as artificial grafts in cardiovascular applications. These polymeric implants can elicit a detrimental innate and adaptive immune response after interacting with peripheral blood. A surface modification with components from extracellular matrices (ECM) may minimize the activation of immune cells from peripheral blood. The aim of this study is to compare the cellular response of blood-born immune cells to the fiber meshes from polyesteretherurethane (PEEUm) and PEEUm with ECM coating (PEEUm + E). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Electrospun PEEUm were used as-is or coated with human cardiac ECM. Different immune cells were isolated form human peripheral blood. Cytokine release profile from naïve and activated monocytes was assessed. Macrophage polarization and T cell proliferation, as indication of immune response were evaluated. RESULTS: There was no increase in cytokine release (IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10) from activated monocytes, macrophages and mononuclear cells on PEEUm; neither upon culturing on PEEUm + E. Naïve monocytes showed increased levels of IL-6 and TNF-α, which were not present on PEEUm + E. There was no difference on monocyte derived macrophage polarization towards pro-inflammatory M1 or anti-inflammatory M2 on PEEUm and PEEUm + E. Moreover, T cell proliferation was not increased upon interacting with PEEUm directly. CONCLUSION: As PEEUm only elicits a minimal response from naïve monocytes but not from monocytes, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) or T cells, the slight improvement in response to PEEUm + E might not justify the additional effort of coating with a human ECM.
Inhibition of phase-1 biotransformation and cytostatic effects of diphenyleneiodonium on hepatoblastoma cell line HepG2 and a CYP3A4-overexpressing HepG2 cell clone
Authors: Schulz Christian , Jung Friedrich , Küpper Jan-Heiner
Published: August 2021

Cell-based in vitro liver models are an important tool in the development and evaluation of new drugs in pharmacological and toxicological drug assessment. Hepatic microsomal enzyme complexes, consisting of cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (CPR) and cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs), play a decisive role in catalysing phase-1 biotransformation of pharmaceuticals and xenobiotics. For a comprehensive understanding of the phase-1 biotransformation of drugs, the availability of well-characterized substances for the targeted modulation of in vitro liver models is essential. In this study, we investigated diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) for its ability to inhibit phase-1 enzyme activity and further its toxicological profile in an in vitro HepG2 cell model with and without recombinant expression of the most important drug metabolization enzyme CYP3A4. Aim of the study was to identify effective DPI concentrations for CPR/CYP activity modulation and potentially associated dose and time dependent hepatotoxic effects. The cells were treated with DPI doses up to 5,000nM (versus vehicle control) for a maximum of 48 h and subsequently examined for CYP3A4 activity as well as various toxicological relevant parameters such as cell morphology, integrity and viability, intracellular ATP level, and proliferation. Concluding, the experiments revealed a time- and concentration-dependent DPI mediated partial and complete inhibition of CYP3A4 activity in CYP3A4 overexpressing HepG2-cells (HepG2-CYP3A4). Other cell functions, including ATP synthesis and consequently the proliferation were negatively affected in both in vitro cell models. Since neither cell integrity nor cell viability were reduced, the effect of DPI in HepG2 can be assessed as cytostatic rather than cytotoxic.
Prediction of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) outcome by pre- and postinterventional 13C-methacetin breath test
Authors: Senk Karin , Wilcke Juliane , Haimerl Michael , Verloh Niklas , Rio Bartulos Carolina , Bäumler Wolf , Stroszczynski Christian , Wiggermann Philipp
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Liver function is one of the most important parameters for the outcome of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). The liver maximum capacity (LiMAx) test is a bedside test that provides a real-time option for liver function testing. The objective of this pilot study was to investigate the suitability of the LiMAX test for predicting the TACE outcome. METHODS: 20 patients with intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) received a LiMAx test 24 h pre and post TACE. In addition, laboratory values were collected to determine liver function and model for endstage liver disease (MELD) scores. The success of TACE was assessed 6 weeks post intervention by morphological imaging tests using modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (mRECIST). RESULTS: Patients with an objective response (OR = CR + PR) according to mRECIST post TACE had significantly higher values in the pre-interventional LiMAx test than patients with a non-OR (PD or SD) post TACE (r(14) = 0.62, p = 0.01). Higher pre-interventional LiMAx values therefore indicate OR. Patients with a disease control (DC = CR + PR + SD) according to mRECIST post TACE had significantly higher values in the pre-interventional LiMAx test than patients with a non-DC (PD) post TACE (r(14) = 0.65, p = 0.01). Higher pre-interventional LiMAx values therefore indicate DC. The point biserial correlations of LiMAx values pre and post TACE with the outcome OR or DC were descriptively stronger than those of MELD with OR or DC. This suggests that the LiMAx test correlates better with the treatment response than the MELD score. CONCLUSIONS: For the first time, we were able to show in our study that patients who are scheduled for TACE could benefit from a LiMAx test to be able to estimate the benefit of TACE. The higher the pre-interventional LiMAx values, the higher the benefit of TACE. On the other hand, laboratory parameters summarized in the form of the MELD score had significantly less descriptive correlation with the TACE outcome.
Brillouin confocal microscopy to determine biomechanical properties of SULEEI-treated bovine pericardium for application in cardiac surgery
Authors: Jannasch Anett , Rix Jan , Welzel Cindy , Schackert Gabriele , Kirsch Matthias , König Ulla , Koch Edmund , Matschke Klaus , Tugtekin Sems Malte , Dittfeld Claudia , Galli Roberta
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND: Heart valves are exposed to a highly dynamic environment and underlie high tensile and shear forces during opening and closing. Therefore, analysis of mechanical performance of novel heart valve bioprostheses materials, like SULEEI-treated bovine pericardium, is essential and usually carried out by uniaxial tensile tests. Nevertheless, major drawbacks are the unidirectional strain, which does not reflect the in vivo condition and the deformation of the sample material. An alternative approach for measurement of biomechanical properties is offered by Brillouin confocal microscopy (BCM), a novel, non-invasive and three-dimensional method based on the interaction of light with acoustic waves. OBJECTIVE: BCM is a powerful tool to determine viscoelastic tissue properties and is, for the first time, applied to characterize novel biological graft materials, such as SULEEI-treated bovine pericardium. Therefore, the method has to be validated as a non-invasive alternative to conventional uniaxial tensile tests. METHODS: Vibratome sections of SULEEI-treated bovine pericardium (decellularized, riboflavin/UV-cross-linked and low-energy electron irradiated) as well as native and GA-fixed controls (n = 3) were analyzed by BCM. In addition, uniaxial tensile tests were performed on equivalent tissue samples and Young’s modulus as well as length of toe region were analyzed from stress-strain diagrams. The structure of the extracellular matrix (ECM), especially collagen and elastin, was investigated by multiphoton microscopy (MPM). RESULTS: SULEEI-treated pericardium exhibited a significantly higher Brillouin shift and hence higher tissue stiffness in comparison to native and GA-fixed controls (native: 5.6±0.2 GHz; GA: 5.5±0.1 GHz; SULEEI: 6.3±0.1 GHz; n = 3, p < 0.0001). Similarly, a significantly higher Young’s modulus was detected in SULEEI-treated pericardia in comparison to native tissue (native: 30.0±10.4 MPa; GA: 31.8±10.7 MPa; SULEEI: 42.1±7.0 MPa; n = 3, p = 0.027). Native pericardia showed wavy and non-directional collagen fibers as well as thin, linear elastin fibers generating a loose matrix. The fibers of GA-fixed and SULEEI-treated pericardium were aligned in one direction, whereat the SULEEI-sample exhibited a much denser matrix. CONCLUSION: BCM is an innovative and non-invasive method to analyze elastic properties of novel pericardial graft materials with special mechanical requirements, like heart valve bioprostheses.
Effect of Arthrospira powders from different producers on the formation of endothelial cell monolayers
Authors: Krüger-Genge A. , Jung CGH , Braune S. , Harb K. , Westphal S. , Klöpzig S. , Küpper J.-H. , Jung F.
Published: August 2021

Arthrospira platensis (AP) and some of its derived products have well-established biological activities as antioxidants or as agents to reduce cardiovascular disease risk factors. Furthermore, AP products have gained increasing importance as potential anti-cancer agents. However, the ingredients of the available products vary greatly with the origin, the type of production and processing, which could have significant consequences for their biological effects. Therefore, the composition and biological influence of five distinct AP powders, which were acquired commercially or produced at a public biotechnology institute, were investigated in regard to their endothelialization capacity using a cell impedance- (CI) based measurement method. The study revealed that the AP composition and especially the influence on HUVEC proliferation differed significantly between the five AP powders up to 109%. Thus, it could be shown that the method used allows the reliable detection of quantitative differences in biological effects of different AP preparations.
Differences in human and minipig platelet number, volume and activation induced by borosilicate glass beads in a modified chandler loop-system
Authors: Greif G. , Mrowietz C. , Wendt M. , Jung F. , Hiebl B. , Meyer-Sievers H.
Published: August 2021

The pig is the most widely used large animal model in Europe, with cardiovascular research being one of the main areas of application. Adequate refinement of interventional studies in this field, meeting the requirements of Russel and Burchs’ 3 R concept, can only be performed if blood-contacting medical devices are hemocompatible. Because most medical devices for cardiovascular interventional procedures are developed for humans they are tested mostly for compatibility with human blood. The aim of this study was therefore to determine whether there are differences in behavior of porcine and human platelets when they come into contact with glass, which was used as an exemplary thrombogenic material. For this purpose changes of platelet count, platelet volume and platelet expression of the activation markers CD61, CD62P and CD63 were measured using a modified chandler loop-system simulating the fluidic effects of the blood flow. Minipig and human platelets showed significant differences in number and volume, but not in activation after 4–8 min exposure to glass.
Towards effectively feature graph-based IoT botnet detection via reinforcement learning
Authors: Ngo Quoc-Dung , Nguyen Huy-Trung , Nguyen Le-Cuong
Published: August 2021

Over the last decade, due to exponential growth in IoT devices and weak security mechanisms, the IoT is now facing more security challenges than ever before, especially botnet malware. There are many security solutions in detecting botnet malware on IoT devices. However, detecting IoT botnet malware, particularly multi-architecture botnets, is challenging. This paper proposes a graphically structured feature extraction mechanism integrated with reinforcement learning techniques in multi-architecture IoT botnet detection. We then evaluate the proposed approach using a dataset of 22849 samples, including actual IoT botnet malware, and achieve a detection rate of 98.03 with low time consumption. The proposed approach also achieves reliable results in detecting the new IoT botnet (has a new architecture-processor) not appearing in the training dataset at 96.69. To promote future research in the field, we share relevant datasets and source code.
Effects of stabilization exercises on disability, pain, and core stability in patients with non-specific low back pain: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Salik Sengul Yesim , Yilmaz Alev , Kirmizi Muge , Kahraman Turhan , Kalemci Orhan
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND: Many studies have emphasized the importance of stabilization exercises (SE) for the management of non-specific low back pain (NSLBP), yet there is no study assessing all aspects of core stability in comparing SE and other exercises. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of SE on pain and core stability by using core stability tests that focus on all aspects of core stability in patients with NSLBP. METHODS: Thirty-seven individuals with chronic NSLBP were randomly divided into two groups as SE and conventional exercises (CE). Both groups underwent the progressive exercise program three days per week for six weeks. The assessments were conducted before and after the exercise programs. The outcome measures included pain, disability, trunk strength, trunk flexor, extensor and lateral flexor endurance, function, flexibility, and motor control during eyes open/closed. RESULTS: All assessment parameters except motor control during eyes open improved after SE (p < 0.05). Also, all assessment parameters except motor control during eyes open/closed and lateral trunk endurance improved after CE (p < 0.05). When comparing groups for gain scores, there were more significant improvements in pain during activity, endurance and function after SE (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: SE is more effective than CE in reducing pain during activity and improving core stability regarding functionality and endurance.
Число подтвержденных случаев сифилиса у беременных женщин в Бразилии в период с 2009 по 2013 год
Authors: Barros Yara Lorrane Souza de , Fecury Amanda Alves , Oliveira Euzébio de , Dendasck Carla Viana , Araújo Maria Helena Mendonça de , Souza Keulle Oliveira da , Dias Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos
Published: August 2021

Сифилис является бактериальным заболеванием, передаваемым половым путем от беременных женщин с сифилисом к плоду. Диагноз сифилиса у беременных женщин подтверждается экзаменом VDRL. Цель этой работы состоит в том, чтобы показать количество подтвержденных случаев сифилиса у беременных женщин в Бразилии, как год диагностики, возрастная группа, регионы Бразилии, жилой район, тип теста, классификации и эволюции в период с 2009 по 2013 год. Вторичные данные использовались из компьютерного отдела SUS – DATASUS (http://datasus.saude.gov.br). Большее количество тестов позволяет лучше лечение и сокращение числа случаев. Однако отсутствие профилактической помощи во время половых отношений приводит к увеличению числа случаев заболевания, особенно среди женщин репродуктивного возраста. Районы с большим населением имеют большее число случаев заболевания. Высокие различия партнеров в этих областях приводит к увеличению загрязнения. Тип теста влияет на цифры. Менее конкретные, более общие тесты находят специфические и неспецифические антитела для бактерии. Это может изменить фактические цифры. Медицинское обслуживание женщин ставит диагноз на ранней стадии, облегчая лечение. Сифилис не несет непосредственной ответственности за более высокую смертность среди беременных женщин.
DEFORESTASI AMAZON PADA ERA BOLSONARO (2019)
Authors: Poerwantika Tine Ratna
Published: August 2021

This article was written with the aim of knowing the dynamics of deforestation in Brazil, especially the Amazon forest, and to find out the driving factors for deforestation in the Amazon rainforest in 2019 from a critical perspective. The Amazon rain forest is reported to have led to massive deforestation using massive forest burning instruments in 2019, sparking reactions from various international elements. To simplify the analysis in this article, the author uses the concept of captal expansion from David Harvey and to further clarify the problem in this article the author adds the concept of deforestation from William Laurance, the writer uses descriptive analytical research methods and uses secondary data sources. In this article, the authors find various correlations between the interests of the Brazilian government and the interests of multinational companies that lead to encouragement of land clearing in various forests, especially the Amazon, on the pretext of meeting world food demand and efforts to restore Brazilian economic instability as justification.
ANALISIS EKOFEMINISME GERAKAN CHIPKO DI INDIA
Authors: Riady
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Ekofeminisme Gerakan Chipko di India ntuk mengetahui kontribusi ekofeminisme terhadap gerakan Chipko di India serta mengetahui pengaruh gerakan Chipko dalam upaya perlindungan dan advokasi ekologi di India pasca 1995. Dua fenomena yang kemudian dirangkai dalam satu konsep ekofeminisme yang melahirkan gerakan Chipko di India. Gerakan Chipko kemudian menjadi menarik karena menjadi gerakan Ekofeminisme di negara dengan sistem patriarki yang mengakar dalam masyarakat. Adapun konsep yang digunakan adalah Ekofeminisme dan Gerakan Sosial  Baru (GSB). Kontribusi dari ekofeminisme terhadap gerakan Chipko kemudian dapat diukur dari partisipasi perempuan sebagai pelopor dan relawan gerakan Chipko. Dalam sistem patriarki India, branding gerakan Chipko sebagai gerakan ekofeminisme berpengaruh pada partisipasi perempuan dalam gerakan tersebut. Parameter kedua adalah konsistensi isu perempuan disuarakan dalam kampanye dan pidato. Narasi-narasi ekofeminisme disampaikan melalui kampanye ataupun pidato tokoh gerakan Chipko di berbagai forum. Kontribusi gerakan Chipko terhadap advokasi dan ekologi di India kemudian cukup besar karena mampu mempengaruhi ranah kebijakan otoritas di India.
Mujeres economistas investigadoras en España, Europa, América y otras áreas geográficas, 1970-2020
Authors: Guisán María-Carmen
Published: August 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es contribuir a la visibilidad de las mujeres investigadoras de Economía, tanto en España como en Europa, América y otras áreas geográficas, durante el período 1970-2020. Basándonos en la información de las bases Dialnet e Ideas-Repec, destacamos a muchas de las investigadoras más cualificadas, teniendo en cuenta varios indicadores. En ambas bases figuran numerosas contribuciones de gran interés y calidad de las economistas españolas. Se observa un incremento importante de la participación femenina en la investigación económica en este período, pero todavía insuficiente en muchos países. Presentamos algunas sugerencias de apoyo para impulsar la participación femenina en la investigación económica y también su visibilidad y reconocimiento.