bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A novel analytical tool for complex propagation processes in networks: High-order dynamic equation
Authors: Song Jiahui , Gong Zaiwu
Published: December 2024

Controlling the spread of epidemics in complex networks has always been an important research problem in the field of network science and has been widely studied by many scholars so far. One of the key problems in the transmission process of epidemics in complex networks is the transmission mechanism. At present, the transmission mechanism in complex networks can be divided into simple transmission and complex transmission. Simple transmission has been widely studied and the theory is relatively mature, while complex transmission still has many questions to answer. In fact, in the complex transmission process, the higher-order structure of the network plays a very important role, which can affect the transmission speed, final scale, and transmission path of the epidemic by strengthening the mechanism. However, due to the lack of complex dynamic analysis tools, the measurement of influence on propagation is still at the low-dimensional node level. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a set of closed dynamic higher-order structure equations to gain insight into the complex propagation process in the network, which breaks the inherent thinking and enables us to reexamine the complex dynamic behavior more clearly from the higher-order level rather than just from the node level, opening up a new way to analyze the higher-order interaction on the dynamic network. We apply the proposed high-order dynamic equations to a complex susceptible-infection-recovery epidemiological model on two real and synthetic networks, and extensive numerical simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Our research results help to deepen the understanding of the relationship between complex propagation mechanisms and higher-order structures and develop a complete set of complex dynamic analysis tools that can be extended to higher-order forms to help in-depth understanding of the propagation rules and mechanisms in complex propagation processes, providing an important theoretical basis for predicting, analyzing, and controlling complex propagation processes.
Observation of Kolmogorov turbulence due to multiscale vortices in dusty plasma experiments
Authors: Sharma Sachin , Wani Rauoof , Srivastav Prabhakar , Sharma Meenakshee , Bose Sayak , Saxena Yogesh , Tiwari Sanat
Published: December 2024

We report the experimental observation of fully developed Kolmogorov turbulence originating from self-excited vortex flows in a three-dimensional (3D) dust cloud. The characteristic −5/3 scaling of 3D Kolmogorov turbulence is consistent in both the spatial and temporal energy spectra within a statistical variation of experimental data. Additionally, the 2/3 scaling in the second-order structure function further supports the presence of Kolmogorov turbulence. We also identified a slight deviation in the tails of the probability distribution functions for velocity gradients, a reflection of intermittency. The experiment showed the formation of a dust cloud in the diffused plasma region away from the electrodes. The dust rotation was observed in multiple experimental campaigns under different discharge conditions at different spatial locations and background plasma environments.
Fractional hyper-ballistic transport under external oscillating electric fields
Authors: Tóthová Jana , Lisý Vladimír
Published: December 2024

The generalized Langevin equation (GLE) for a tagged particle in a liquid of charged particles under the influence of external AC electric fields is studied. For the fractional memory kernel in the GLE, the mean square displacement (MSD) of the particle is studied analytically in both the underdamped and overdamped regimes. The MSD consists of a part corresponding to the absence of the external field and a part affected by the external field, which is expressed through the mean velocity of the particle. We have identified the time windows when the particle shows unusual behaviors in the oscillating fields including hyper-ballistic diffusion, thus generalizing the results for the memoryless Brownian motion. The theory of Brownian motion, since the time of Einstein and Langevin, has overcome a stormy development and the methods of the description of the irregular movement of small particles in solutions have found use in several areas of science. The time dependence of the key quantities in this theory, such as the particle's MSD in condensed matter physics, has been shown to be anomalous, that is, different from linear, in many experimental observations. The movement of the observed particle shows correlation properties of the thermal noise of the surrounding environment, which can be very different in different systems and are associated with memory effects in the dynamics of the particle. One option, effective in describing complex systems by the method of the GLE, is the use of the fractional kernel of its frictional memory integral that replaces the Stokes friction force in the original Langevin equation of motion. In our work, for the first time, we solve such a GLE with a fractional memory for a particle-in-bath system (the particle can be identical with the surrounding particles) in an external oscillating electric field. All particles are charged, as is the case, for example, in plasma or liquid electrolytes, so both the monitored particle and its surroundings are affected by the external field. The GLE is solved analytically for the entire time scale. The results include solutions to the classical memoryless Langevin equation and new features in the time dependence of the MSD, including unusual near-ballistic or hyper-ballistic particle transport, depending on the way the external AC field is applied.
Self-propulsion of a Quincke droplet under complex wall conditions
Authors: Xie Zonglu , Dong Qingming , Wang Zhentao , Zhao Xingang , Hu Guohua
Published: December 2024

Currently, existing approaches to droplet self-propulsion largely rely on the superhydrophobic substrate, due to its lower adhesion force. Based on the Quincke rotation, a novel self-propulsion approach is proposed by Xie et al. [“Self-propulsion of a Quincke droplet on a superhydrophobic wall under low electric Reynolds number ReE ≤ 1,” Phys. Fluids 36, 087131 (2024)]. In this scheme, the Quincke rotation effect first allows the droplet to separate from the wall. Under the influence of the wall, the rotating movement of a droplet floating above the wall is converted into a rolling movement (rotation and translation), thus realizing the self-propulsion. It appears that the new approach relaxes the limitation of the superhydrophobic wall. Motivated by this, a two dimensional numerical study about the dynamic behaviors of droplets on the wall with varied contact angles (α) is carried out. The results show that the contact angle plays a crucial role in the activation of droplet self-propulsion. For α < 150°, a longer contact line is created, and the Quincke rotation effect gives rise to complex contact line dynamics. As α < 90°, the droplet spreads along the wall due to the rotating effect. As a result, the droplet is unable to detach from the wall and produce the self-propulsion. As 90° ≤ α < 150° (hydrophobic wall), the Quincke rotation enables the contact line to separate from the wall and achieve droplet self-propulsion. This indicates that droplet self-propulsion is no longer restricted to the superhydrophobic wall. To further expand the application of this new approach, droplet climbing on the inclined wall is also investigated. In this case, a component of the gravity (gsinβ, β is the slope of inclined wall) has two effects on the droplet behaviors: increasing droplet deformation and slowing the droplet motion. It is found that as β ≥ 20° or E*0 (dimensionless electric field strength) ≥ 27.12, the droplet cannot perform the anti-gravity motion.
The non-equilibrium Marshak wave problem in non-homogeneous media
Authors: Derei Nitay , Balberg Shmuel , Heizler Shay I. , Steinberg Elad , McClarren Ryan G. , Krief Menahem
Published: December 2024

We derive a family of similarity solutions to the nonlinear non-equilibrium Marshak wave problem for an inhomogeneous planar medium, which is coupled to a time dependent radiation driving source. We employ the non-equilibrium gray diffusion approximation in the supersonic regime. The solutions constitute a generalization of the non-equilibrium nonlinear solutions that were developed recently for homogeneous media. Self-similar solutions are constructed for a power law time dependent surface temperature, a spatial power law density profile, and a material model with power law temperature and density dependent opacities and specific energy density. The extension of the problem to non-homogeneous media enables the existence of similarity solutions for a general power law specific material energy. It is shown that the solutions exist for specific values of the temporal temperature drive and spatial density exponents, which depend on the material exponents. We also illustrate how the similarity solutions take various qualitatively different forms which are analyzed with respect to various parameters. Based on the solutions, we define a set of non-trivial benchmarks for supersonic non-equilibrium radiative heat transfer. The similarity solutions are compared to gray diffusion simulations as well as to detailed implicit Monte Carlo and discrete-ordinate transport simulations in the optically thick regime, showing a great agreement, which highlights the benefit of these solutions as a code verification test problem.
A transient analysis method for a multi-horizontal-well pad with well interference and gas–water flow in shale
Authors: Zhang Jingxuan , Chu Hongyang , Ju Huanyan , Zhu Weiyao , Wang Fuyong , Gao Yubao , Lee W. John
Published: December 2024

Complex fracture networks generated by fracturing treatments and the gas–water flow have intensified the well interference in shale gas reservoirs. In this paper, a high-precision numerical model is developed to capture the effects of well interference and gas–water flow on pressure transient behaviors of multi-horizontal-well pads. The unstructured Voronoi grid approach is employed to discretize the physical model. The model's accuracy is verified through published analytical solutions. The findings reveal that a multi-horizontal-well pad in shale gas reservoirs can exhibit up to ten distinct flow regimes. An increase in residual water saturation reduces the water flow ability and leads to an earlier commencement of the gas–water flow regime. Once the formation water becomes flowable, higher water saturation delays the initiation of all flow regimes. The well interference regime exhibits characteristics of the linear flow due to the increased well spacing. As fracture propagation leads to the well communication, the effect of fracture half-length on pressure transient behaviors becomes negligible. The case study from the Fuling shale gas reservoir demonstrates that the proposed model achieves a satisfactory fit to the actual pressure data and the pressure transient behaviors manifest a typical boundary-dominated flow regime.
Temperature-dependent fold-switching mechanism of the circadian clock protein KaiB
Authors: Zhang Ning , Sood Damini , Guo Spencer C. , Chen Nanhao , Antoszewski Adam , Marianchuk Tegan , Dey Supratim , Xiao Yunxian , Hong Lu , Peng Xiangda , Baxa Michael , Partch Carrie , Wang Lee-Ping , Sosnick Tobin R. , Dinner Aaron R. , LiWang Andy
Published: December 2024

The oscillator of the cyanobacterial circadian clock relies on the ability of the KaiB protein to switch reversibly between a stable ground-state fold (gsKaiB) and an unstable fold-switched fold (fsKaiB). Rare fold-switching events by KaiB provide a critical delay in the negative feedback loop of this posttranslational oscillator. In this study, we experimentally and computationally investigate the temperature dependence of fold switching and its mechanism. We demonstrate that the stability of gsKaiB increases with temperature compared to fsKaiB and that the Q10 value for the gsKaiB → fsKaiB transition is nearly three times smaller than that for the reverse transition in a construct optimized for NMR studies. Simulations and native-state hydrogen-deuterium exchange NMR experiments suggest that fold switching can involve both partially and completely unfolded intermediates. The simulations predict that the transition state for fold switching coincides with isomerization of conserved prolines in the most rapidly exchanging region, and we confirm experimentally that proline isomerization is a rate-limiting step for fold switching. We explore the implications of our results for temperature compensation, a hallmark of circadian clocks, through a kinetic model.
Altered X-chromosome inactivation of the TLR7/8 locus and heterogeneity of pDCs in systemic sclerosis
Authors: Du Yong , Faz-Lopez Bérénice , Ah Kioon Marie Dominique , Cenac Claire , Pierides Michael , Lakin Kimberly S. , Spiera Robert F. , Chaumeil Julie , Truchetet Marie-Elise , Gordon Jessica K. , Guéry Jean-Charles , Barrat Franck J.
Published: December 2024

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease that has a strong female predominance. Both the X-linked TLR7 and TLR8 can induce type I IFN (IFN-I) by plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), which can promote fibrosis. We identified five subclusters of pDCs, including ISGhigh clusters that were over-represented in SSc patients. We observed that both TLR7 and TLR8 genes escape from X chromosome inactivation (XCI) at higher frequency in pDCs of SSc patients, which was associated with changes in TLR7 protein profile. Combined DNA/RNA FISH analysis revealed that the TLR7/8 locus is preferentially located outside of the inactive X (Xi) territory when TLR7 is expressed, suggesting that higher-order loop formation is linked to TLR7/8 expression from the Xi. Furthermore, the expression levels of XIST and the transcriptional repressor SPEN were reduced in SSc pDCs. Hence, our data revealed the heterogeneity of pDCs in SSc and suggested that altered XCI at the TLR7/8 locus may contribute to the chronic IFN-I activity of pDCs in female SSc patients.
The Ideograph-Based Linguistic Chineseness: Evidence from the Disappearance of Derivational Morphology
Authors: Zhang Liulin
Published: December 2024

Many Classical Chinese words were derived through tonal/voicing alternations. New characters were specifically created for some derived words, while other derived words kept using the original characters, making the original characters multifunctional. In the evolution of the Chinese language, those derivations represented by specifically created characters have mostly been preserved, while multifunctional characters were not likely to stay multifunctional: it is common to eliminate some form-meaning pairs, leaving each character with only one pronunciation. Meanwhile, the form-meaning pairs represented by characters began to compound with each other, reducing syntactic freedom. Ideographic characters thereby stabilized the basic units, that is, root morphemes, for the Chinese language, while those phonological alternations that were not clearly represented in writing mostly disappeared, making the language increasingly analytic. This finding sheds light on the stabilizing effect of writing on (the spoken) language and thus challenges the traditional view that writing is secondary to language.
The Relations between Charles Goodwin’s Interactional Linguistics and Semiotics: Some Reflections on Multimodality and on the Diagram in Scientific Discourse
Authors: Dondero Maria Giulia
Published: December 2024

This text addresses the connection between the work of Charles Goodwin in interactional linguistics and contemporary semiotics, notably that of the structuralist Paris School, known today as Greimasian and post-Greimasian semiotics. The latter constitutes scholarship having further developed some great distinctions formulated by Ferdinand de Saussure, such as the one between langue and parole, in the study of multimodality (relations between natural and nonverbal languages). However, Goodwin’s texts consider not only Saussure’s structuralist semiology but also another semiotics, that is, the American cognitive Peircean tradition, specifically regarding the topic of diagrammatic reasoning in multimodal discourse. This article seeks to discuss these two semiotic approaches that I consider as a semiotic foundation of Goodwin’s work, helping him to study the creativity at play in multimodal languages and in scientific diagrammatic devices. I will first return to Goodwin’s contributions in order to reformulate the question of the relations between verbal, visual, and gestural languages in his notational system (transcription of exchanges). Second, I will examine the case of the dynamics of inscriptions in science, raising the issue of the diagram. Third, I will explore the points of encounter between Goodwin’s conception of the substrate of interactions and Jacques Fontanille’s enunciative praxis, in order to consider the dynamic relationship between sedimentation and transformation in social and scientific practices.
Novel topological phenomena of timelike circular orbits for charged test particles
Authors: Ye Xu , Wei Shao-Wen
Published: December 2024

The topological approach has recently been successfully employed to investigate timelike circular orbits (TCOs) for massive neutral test particles. The observed vanishing topological number implies that these TCOs occur in pairs. However, the behavior of charged test particles in this regard remains unexplored. To address this issue, our study focuses on examining the influence of particle charge on the topology of TCOs within a spherically symmetrical black hole spacetime holding a nonvanishing radial electric field. We consider four distinct cases based on the charges of the particle and the black hole: unlike strong charge, unlike weak charge, like weak charge, and like strong charge. For each case, we calculate the corresponding topological number. Our results reveal that when the charge is large enough, the topological number takes a value of -1 instead of 0, which differs from the neutral particle scenario. Consequently, in cases of small charges, the TCOs appear in pairs, whereas in cases of larger charges, an additional unstable TCO emerges. These findings shed light on the influence of the particle charge on the topological properties and number of TCOs.
Dynamical systems analysis of a cosmological model with interacting Umami Chaplygin fluid in adiabatic particle creation mechanism: some bouncing features
Authors: Mandal Goutam , Biswas Sujay Kr
Published: December 2024

The present work aims to investigate an interacting Umami Chaplygin gas (UCG) in the background dynamics of a spatially flat Friedmann–Lemaitre–Robertson–Walker Universe when adiabatic particle creation is allowed. Here, the Universe is taken to be an open thermodynamical model where the particle is created irreversibly and consequently, the creation pressure comes into the energy-momentum tensor of the material content. The particle creation rate is assumed to have a linear relationship with the Hubble parameter (

Γ
∝
H

) and the created particle is dark matter (pressureless). With this creation rate a single fluid model studied and found no phase transition. Then, we studied an interacting two-fluid model where second fluid is taken as perfect fluid equation of state (EOS) and late-time acceleration is obtained. Next, interacting UCG is studied in context of particle creation. Dynamical stability of the model is performed by perturbing the autonomous system around critical points upto first order. Classical stability of the model is also studied at each critical point. This study explores some cosmologically viable scenarios when we constrain the model parameters. Some critical points exhibit the accelerated de Sitter expansion of the Universe at both the early phase as well as the late phase of evolution which is characterized by completely Umami Chaplygin fluid EOS. Scaling solutions are also described by some other critical points showing late-time accelerated attractors in phase space satisfying present observational data, and solving the coincidence problem. In a specific region of parameters, a sequence of critical points is achieved exhibiting a unified cosmic evolution of the Universe starting from early inflation (represented by source point), which is followed by a decelerated intermediate phase (described by saddle solution), and finally goes through the late-time dark energy dominated Universe (represented by stable point). Finally, non-singular bouncing behavior of the Universe is also investigated for this model numerically.
Simulating binary black hole mergers using discontinuous Galerkin methods
Authors: Lovelace Geoffrey , Nelli Kyle C , Deppe Nils , Vu Nils L , Throwe William , Bonilla Marceline S , Carpenter Alexander , Kidder Lawrence E , Macedo Alexandra , Scheel Mark A , Afram Azer , Boyle Michael , Ceja Andrea , Giesler Matthew , Habib Sarah , Jones Ken Z , Kumar Prayush , Lara Guillermo , Melchor Denyz , Mendes Iago B , Mitman Keefe , Morales Marlo , Moxon Jordan , O’Shea Eamonn , Pannone Kyle , Pfeiffer Harald P , Ramirez-Aguilar Teresita , Sanchez Jennifer , Tellez Daniel , Teukolsky Saul A , Wittek Nikolas A
Published: December 2024

Binary black holes are the most abundant source of gravitational-wave observations. Gravitational-wave observatories in the next decade will require tremendous increases in the accuracy of numerical waveforms modeling binary black holes, compared to today’s state of the art. One approach to achieving the required accuracy is using spectral-type methods that scale to many processors. Using the SpECTRE numerical-relativity (NR) code, we present the first simulations of a binary black hole inspiral, merger, and ringdown using discontinuous Galerkin (DG) methods. The efficiency of DG methods allows us to evolve the binary through ∼ 18 orbits at reasonable computational cost. We then use SpECTRE’s Cauchy Characteristic Evolution (CCE) code to extract the gravitational waves at future null infinity. The open-source nature of SpECTRE means this is the first time a spectral-type method for simulating binary black hole evolutions is available to the entire NR community.
Mode transition in a helium barrier discharge with oxygen admixtures: insights into a micro cavity plasma array reactor
Authors: Steuer David , van Impel Henrik , Labenski Robin , Schulz-von der Gathen Volker , Böke Marc , Golda Judith
Published: December 2024

Dielectric barrier discharges (DBDs) offer great potential for applications such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) conversion or plasma catalysis. For many of these applications, an admixture of molecular oxygen is important, for example, to oxidize the gases to be treated. However, oxygen addition can lead to a drastic change in discharge dynamics, which may affect conversion efficiency. The discharge may transition to a filamentary mode, which could influence plasma chemical processes or in extreme cases potentially damage the reactor. This study investigates the discharge mode of a micro cavity plasma array operated at atmospheric pressure with a helium flow (1–2 slm) containing small oxygen admixtures (0%–5%). A multitude of parameters as voltage, current, power, and emission are investigated for characterization. Additionally, the electric field, mean electron energy and atomic oxygen density are examined depending on the oxygen admixture. With pure helium, a homogeneous atmospheric pressure glow discharge is observed, appearing as a quasi-continuous glow discharge. With small oxygen admixtures (0.1%–1%), individual discharge pulses become visible, though they remain separated (pseudo glow discharge). At higher oxygen admixtures (

⩾

1%), a mode transition to a filamentary discharge is observed. The measurements indicate that the discharge mode, especially the individual discharge pulses, has a significant impact on conversion efficiency. This knowledge can help in the future to fine-tune the discharge mode using external parameters such as voltage waveform or frequency to optimize conversion efficiency.
Single production of singlet vector-like leptons at the ILC
Authors: Yue Chong-Xing , Wang Yue-Qi , Sun Xiao-Chen , Li Xin-Yang
Published: December 2024

Vector-like leptons (VLLs), as one kind of interesting new particle, can produce a rich phenomenology in low- and high-energy experiments. In the framework of the singlet vector-like lepton with scalar (VLS) model, we investigate the discovery potential of the VLL via its single production at the International Linear Collider (ILC) with a center of mass energy

s

=

1 TeV and an integrated luminosity

L

= 1 ab
−1, taking into account the appropriate polarization. For the signal and standard model (SM) background analysis, we have considered two kinds of decay channels for the W boson, i.e. pure leptonic and fully hadronic decay channels. Our analytic results show that the parameter space M

F
 ∈  [300, 675] GeV and κ ∈  [0.0294, 0.1] might be detected by the proposed ILC for a pure leptonic decay channel. For a fully hadronic decay channel, a larger detection region of the parameter space isderived as M

F
 ∈  [300, 700] GeV and κ ∈  [0.0264, 0.0941].
Effects of two-body currents in the one-particle one-hole electromagnetic responses within a relativistic model
Authors: Franco-Munoz T , González-Jiménez R , Udías J M
Published: December 2024

Longitudinal (R
L) and transverse (R
T) responses from inclusive electron scattering from 12C and 40Ca nuclei are computed within a fully relativistic model, and one- and two-body current operators leading to a final one-particle one-hole state. We find that the two-body contributions have no effect on R
L but they increase R
T by up to 30%, depending on the energy and momentum transfer. Inclusive cross sections have also been computed, obtaining an increase which depends on the degree of transversity of each kinematic. The comparison with carbon data is good for the responses and the cross sections. In the case of calcium, while the model compares well with the cross section data, the agreement with the responses is generally poor. However, the inconsistencies between different data sets for the separate responses in this nucleus indicate that uncertainties in the responses are largely underestimated in the data. Our calculation is fully relativistic, does not require a factorized model and includes a full quantum mechanical description of both the initial and final nucleon states. We also show that incorporating the distortion of the nucleons while making the initial and final states orthogonal is essential to reproduce the shape and magnitude of the cross section data and carbon responses. The good agreement with the electron scattering experimental data supports the use of this approach to describe the analogous neutrino-induced scattering reaction.
Structural and dielectric properties of green synthesized SnO2 nanoparticles
Authors: Ebied Mostafa Saad , El-sadek M S Abd , Salwa A S
Published: December 2024

The present research study provides an analysis of the structural and dielectric characteristics of SnO2 nanoparticles (SnO2-NPs) synthesized by the green synthesis approach. Powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD) investigation indicates the existence of a single tetragonal phase with the P42/mnm space group. The crystallite size and lattice strain of the tetragonal SnO2-NPs were determined through x-ray peak broadening analysis. The average crystallite size calculated by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) was 16 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) within the 530 to 644 cm−1 range confirms the vibration modes of Sn-O-Sn and Sn-O. The vibrational modes observed in the Raman spectra confirm the tetragonal rutile-type structure of the synthesized SnO2-NPs. The dielectric characteristics of SnO2-NPs were investigated within a temperature range of 353–433 K and a frequency range of 50 Hz –5 MHz. The total conductivity exhibits frequency dependence according to Jonscher’s power law

(
σ

t

ω

=

σ

dc

+
A

ω

s

)

. The correlated barrier hopping (CBH) model is found to be the dominant conduction mechanism in the studied material. The direct current (DC) conductivity appears to be thermally activated, with an activation energy of 307 mev. The analysis of dielectric characteristics demonstrated that the real (ε′) and imaginary (ε″) parts of the dielectric constant drop with frequency and increase with temperature. The dielectric modulus indicates the presence of non-Debye relaxation within the material. The relaxation time, based on the analysis of the imaginary component of the modulus (M″), follows the Arrhenius equation. An equivalent-circuit model was used to analyze the impedance spectroscopy results, which indicated the existence of a temperature-dependent electrical relaxation phenomena of the non-Debye nature.
A comparative study of 14N and 16O projectiles on 148Nd target at low energy through experimental analysis
Authors: Chhura Lupteindu , Singh Dharmendra , Mahato Amritraj , Sharma Nitin , Sahoo Rajesh K , Mahato Rahul , Giri Pankaj K , Linda Sneha B , Kumar Harish , Tali Suhail A , Afzal Ansari M , Ali Rahbar , Kumar R , Muralithar S , Singh R P
Published: December 2024

One of the standout techniques that is stack foil activation technique has been used to calculate excitation functions of evaporation residues formed in the reaction of 14N projectile with 148Nd target at beam energy ≈ 4 − 7 MeV/nucleon in this research. The analysis of presently calculated cross sections with standard theoretical tool PACE4 shows the population of xn/pxn channels through complete fusion only, while the α-emitting channels were found to populate through incomplete fusion as well as complete fusion. These results suggest the breakup of 14N as α + 10B results in incomplete fusion. A connection tied to the collective impact of total asymmetry and total deformation was examined including the asymmetry and deformation effects of both the projectile and the target. Two separate standard reduction methods have been used to reduce the cross-sections of complete fusion and total fusion for present system 14N + 148Nd and earlier measured system 16O + 148Nd, which reveals that 16O induced reactions have more incomplete fusion probability than that of 14N. A suppression in complete fusion functions has been noted for systems 14N + 148Nd and 16O + 148Nd when compared to universal fusion function. It can be inferred from the varying values of suppression factors of 14N and 16O that the possibility of α-breakup differs for 14N and 16O. Moreover, the total fusion functions for 14N + 148Nd and 16O + 148Nd show strong alignment with the universal fusion function.
The investigation of main electrical parameters, energy dependent profiles of surface states and their lifetimes in the Au/n-Si Schottky diodes with (PVA-Fe3O4) interlayer depend on frequency and voltage
Authors: Yıldız K , Khalkhali A , Uzun A , Erbilen Tanrıkulu E , Altındal Yerişkin S , Arslan Alsaç A
Published: December 2024

In this article, the impedance-voltage-frequency (Z-V-f) measurements of the fabricated Au/(PVA-Fe3O4)/n-Si SDs have been performed between 0.1 kHz and 1 MHz, and in the ±3 V range. Main important electronic parameters of the Schottky diode (SD) like diffusion - potential (VD), Fermi - energy (EF), barrier - height (ΦB), depletion layer (WD), and max. electric field (Em) were extracted from the reverse bias 1/C2 - V plots in a wide frequency range. The voltage-reliant variations of the surface states (Nss) have been calculated by using low—high frequency capacitance (CLF-CHF), and parallel conductance or admittance models and compared to each other. The voltage-reliant resistance profile of Ri has also been obtained from the Nicollian & Brews method for all frequencies. All these results indicate that these main electrical parameters are strongly dependent on voltage and frequency due to the existence of Nss, their lifetimes (τ), interfacial organic layer, Rs, interface, and dipole polarizations. But, while Nss is effective, both in depletion and inversion regions, Rs is dominant at the strong-accumulation region at high enough frequency.
Re-examination of the β-decay properties of As isotopes
Authors: Kabir Abdul , Nabi Jameel-Un , Khalid Wajeeha , Almujibah Hamad
Published: December 2024

The β-decay properties of 67−80As nuclei have been investigated within the framework of the proton–neutron quasi-particle random phase approximation (pn-QRPA) model. The nuclear deformation obtained from the finite range droplet model is used as an input parameter in the pn-QRPA model for the analysis of β-decay properties including Gamow–Teller strength distributions, log ft, β-decay half-lives and stellar β
± decay rates. The predicted log ft values were fairly consistent with the observed data. The computed β-decay half-lives matched the measured values by a factor of 10. The stellar rates were compared with the shell model outcomes. At high densities and temperatures, the β
+ and electron capture rates had a finite contribution. However, the β
− and positron capture rates are only significant at high temperatures and low densities. The pn-QRPA rates outperformed the shell model rates by a factor of 22 or more.
Tearing stable stationary ITER baseline operation in DIII-D
Authors: Bardóczi L. , Dudkovskaia A. , Logan N.C. , Richner N.J. , Brown A.C. , Callen J.D. , La Haye R.J. , Strait E.J.
Published: December 2024

We present a tearing stable, stationary and reproducible operating solution for DIII-D plasmas characterized by the ITER baseline scenario normalized parameter set and shape. In these plasmas low differential rotation (

Δ

f

1
,
2

) between the core and edge is identified as the single root cause of the onset of the primary limiting instability, the 2,1 Neoclassical Tearing Mode (NTM), while a group of other examined parameters have a much weaker impact on the stability. Explanation is offered by drift kinetic simulations, which show a six-fold reduction in the NTM onset threshold due to diminished stabilizing ion polarization currents when the seed island drift frequency ceases in the local plasma frame. Based on the experimental observation and the explanation provided by the theory, a new discharge program is developed to sustain

Δ

f

1
,
2

by modifying the edge neoclassical potential through neutral gas fueling. This method enables stationary ITER baseline operation free of disruptive 2,1 tearing modes.
Study on Variation of Wood Bending Properties among Trees of Taxodium Ascendens Plantation
Authors: Xu Youming , He Na , Li Qiang , Lin Han
Published: December 2024

In wood structural design, the modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) are two key indexes of wood mechanical properties. In this study, Taxodium ascendens. Brongn plantation grown in terrestrial site were selected for the research material to study variation patterns of wood flexural elastic modulus and wood bending strength within-tree and among-trees. The results showed that the flexural modulus of elasticity and flexural strength for Taxodium ascendens increased first in radial direction from pith to bark, then to flatten out. Their longitudinal variation pattern showed increasing pattern first from the base of the trunk upward and then tended to flatten out too. Their average values were 5004 MPa in flexural modulus of elasticity and 65.3 MPa in flexural strength (bending strength or modulus of rupture) respectively. The mean values of flexural modulus of elasticity and flexural strength of Taxodium ascendens varied in the ranges of 4643 MPa to 5523 MPa and 57.0 MPa to 70.4 MPa, respectively. The mean values of flexural modulus and flexural strength were smallest at the base and the highest at breast height, when the age of the specimens within trees was more than 20 years old. The flexural modulus of elasticity and flexural strength of Taxodium ascendens varied significantly among trees. There was a highly significant positive correlation between MOE and MOR. According to the China grading standards of wood physical and mechanical properties, (Wood mechanical grade I is below 7.4 GPa in MOE and grade II is below 54.1 MPa∼88.0 MPa in MOR), the wood bending strength of Taxodium Ascendens is small and weak. Its wood is not suitable for structural material with high strength.
Simulated Weld HAZ Impact Toughness of 700 MPa Ultra-low Carbon Bainitic Steel
Authors: Xue Haichao , Luan Shoucheng , Sun Junsheng , Shi Bin
Published: December 2024

Ultra-low carbon bainitic steel is a kind of high strength and high toughness steel with ultra-low carbon, high cleanliness and ultra-fine grain characteristics. In this paper, the welding thermal simulation technology is used to study the influence law of 700MPa ultra-low carbon bainitic steel B700 welding thermal process on the microstructure and properties of its CGHAZ. The results show that CGHAZ with a peak temperature of 1350 °C and a t8/5 of 15 s can obtain higher impact toughness. The impact toughness of HAZ with a peak temperature of 950°C is higher. The secondary thermal cycles with peak temperatures of 1150°C and 950°C significantly improved the impact toughness of CGHAZ, and the former improvement was better than the latter.
Atmospheric Pressure Nitrogen Corona Discharge and Its Application in Hydrophilicity Modification of Polypropylene Fibber Surfaces
Authors: Yang Guangda , Zhang Fuzi , Zhang Hongfei , Pang Yongjiao , Xu Qingyi
Published: December 2024

We discussed the mechanism of the generation of two kinds of active particles that generated by pulsed corona discharge. We recorded and discussed the experimental results of the modification of the surface hydrophilicity of PP fibber. The experimental results showed that pulsed voltage and pulse repetition rate can cause the distribution of OH and

N

2

+

active particles. The intensity of the active particles is larger at the needle high voltage electrode and at the plate electrode, and will decrease when comes to the middle. When plasma modification treatment is short, the water contact angle at PP fibber surface decreases rapidly. That means the plasma treatment enhanced PP surface hydrophilicity. But when the treatment time is longer, the active particles can cause damage of the PP fibber surface.
Preparation and Properties of Alumina Fiber Reinforced LTCC Ceramic Coatings
Authors: Luo Lida , Su Qi , Han Huimin , Wang Qingwei
Published: December 2024

Low temperature co-fired ceramic technology (LTCC) uses multi-layer laminated firing process to realize the high density packaging of complex circuits and passive devices, which provides a new solution for the miniaturization and high integration of passive devices, and plays an important role in national defense, communication and other fields. As the bearing structure of the functional circuit, LTCC substrate plays the dual role of structural support and electrical shielding, which is the key to the development of LTCC technology. In this study, the CaO-MgO-B2O3-SiO2 (CMBS) system, identified for its significant developmental prospects, is chosen as the subject of investigation and the influence of Al2O3 fiber reinforcement on the mechanical and dielectric properties of LTCC substrate materials is studied. The results show that the substrate can stably co-sinter with Ag. With the increase in Al2O3 ceramic fiber content, both the elastic modulus and microhardness of the substrate increase overall. The dielectric constant ranges from 4 to 4.65, exhibiting an initial increase followed by a decrease with the addition of Al2O3 ceramic fibers, conforming to the requirements of low dielectric constant and low dielectric loss, meeting the requirements of low dielectric constant and low dielectric loss.
Research on Energy saving Technology of Circulating Cooling Water System in Central Air Conditioning System
Authors: Chen Xiao , Liu Wei , Chen Hongyao , Gu Zhipan , Hou Jingxin , Li Jiasheng , Zou Dongjin , Deng Liyuan , Fang Mingyu , Li Yan , Li Mengjie
Published: December 2024

In summer, hot and humid, high temperature time is long, the proportion of air conditioning energy consumption in hotel buildings is high, hotel building energy consumption is large, and energy saving potential is large in hot summer and cold winter zones. Simulation calculation of air conditioning and domestic hot water load characteristics of a hotel, and analysis of the relationship between hot water load and air conditioning condensation heat. This system uses a heat exchanger to heat the water inlet of the air-conditioning condensing hot water boiler to achieve waste heat utilization. The selection of heat exchangers and the volume of hot water storage tanks was studied, and the system was designed and calculated. The system was analyzed from energy saving and environmental characteristics. The results show that the waste heat recovery efficiency η
1 = 97.84%, the waste heat recovery energy saving rate η
2 = 32.6%, and the daily recoverable heat 2228.4 KWh. When the amount of water entering the tower and the environmental meteorological parameters remain unchanged, the evaporation loss of the cooling tower decreases significantly with the decrease of the temperature of the water entering the tower. The evaporation rate can be reduced by 0.172% when the inlet water temperature is reduced by 1°C. And it can reduce the gas boiler gas consumption, a refrigeration season can reduce 52462.4 kg CO2 emissions. The research results have significant energy-saving and emission reduction effects, and can achieve considerable social and environmental benefits.
Distribution of Se in Se-rich Stagnic Anthrosols of Hainan Island
Authors: Xiao Zhaoxia , Wang Xiuhua , He Cuicui , Wang Tingzhong , Wang Hua
Published: December 2024

The continuous decrease in soil pH in Hainan has become a limiting factor for Se uptake by rice in Se rich areas due to the decrease in soil Se availability caused by soil acidification in stagnic anthrosols. Analyze the basic soil properties, chemical composition, and Se content of stagnic anthrosols in Hainan’s Se-rich area, in response to the phenomenon of continuous and slow acidification of stagnic anthrosols. The main research results show that the soil pH in the Se-rich areas of Hainan is generally acidic, with an average soil pH of 5.0. The Se content in the stagnic anthrosols is 0.373 mg/kg. The spatial distribution range of Se content in the stagnic anthrosols in the area is wide, and the selenium content at different layers is significantly correlated.
Study on the Effect of Organic Fertilizer Made from kitchen Waste on Soil Nutrients
Authors: Wang Zhenhua , Yin Yumin , Bi Yanliang , Liu Liyuan , Wang Zihao , Wu Juan
Published: December 2024

In the study, the changes of nutrients in the soil during spinach planting were determined through pot comparison experiment, and the effects of the application of kitchen waste fertilizer on the growth of spinach were studied. The results of the study were that the application of fermentation products could regulate the soil pH. When the food waste application increased, the reduction of organic matter in soil also increased, the maximum reduction being 56.6% compared with 0d. The alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available phosphorus content in soil increased first and then decreased, and the content of available potassium also increased as it was used increasingly after the spinach harvest. The results indicated that the use of kitchen waste fertilizer could efficiently increase the nutrient content in soil, adjust the soil pH, and increase the absorption and utilization rate of organic components of spinach.
A Study on the Arableland Soil Nutrient Distribution of Shanlan Upland Rice Growing Area
Authors: Huang Haijie , He Cuicui , Xiao Zhaoxia
Published: December 2024

Cultivated land resources not only provide living security for agricultural population, but also serve an important basis for social stability. To elucidate the distribution of soil nutrients in cultivated land and identify the main factors affecting the quality of cultivated land are the important basis and premise for improving soil quality and exploring ways of sustainable utilization. Based on the soil samples of arableland in Hainan Shanlan upland rice growing area, the soil nutrient contents were analyzed to clarify the soil nutrient distribution in the area. The results showed that the average pH of cultivated soil in the area was 5.8, and the cultivated soil was weakly acidic. The overall low content of soil organic matter is mainly attributed to climate factors and agricultural production habits, and the content of soil available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients is at or close to the appropriate range. The content of trace elements (available calcium, available magnesium, available copper, available zinc) in the cultivated soil is relatively rich, and the main source of trace elements in the cultivated soil is the weathering of parent material, and the content differences between towns are relatively small.
3D printed magnetoactive nanocomposite scaffolds for bone regeneration
Authors: Kaviani Yeganeh , Eslami Hossein , Ansari Mojtaba , Poursamar Seyed Ali
Published: December 2024

Simulating the natural cellular environment using magnetic stimuli could be a potential strategy to promote bone tissue regeneration. This study unveiled a novel 3D printed composite scaffold containing polycaprolactone (PCL) and cobalt ferrite/forsterite core-shell nanoparticles (CFF-NPs) to investigate physical, mechanical and biological properties of magnetoactive scaffold under static magnetic field. For this purpose, core-shell structure is synthesized through a two-step synthesis strategy in which cobalt ferrite nanoparticles are prepared via sol-gel combustion method and then are coated through sol-gel method with forsterite. The characterization regarding CFF-NPs reveals that Mg2SiO4-coated CoFe2O4 nanoparticles is successfully synthesized with a core-shell structure. Afterwards, CFF-NPs are embedded within the PCL with different percentages, ultimately 3D printed scaffolds were fabricated. The in vitro assessments demonstrated that the incorporated CFF-NPs are able to cause a decrease in contact angle which was responsible for modulating purposefully the degradation rate of PCL scaffold, resulting in providing the obligatory environment for bone growth. In addition, it was observed that scaffolds including PCL combined with CFF-NPs are susceptible to improve the mechanical performance of nanocomposite scaffolds, up to a certain concentration (50% CFF-NPs and 50% PCL) with compressive modulus of 42.5 MPa. Moreover, when being exposed to simulated body fluid (SBF) solution, hydroxyapatite deposition on the surface of scaffolds was observed. Thus, these compositions may be useful for improving the osteointegration between the implant and bone tissue after implantation. Finally, the simultaneous effect of magnetic nanoparticles and magnetic field of 125 mT evaluated on cellular behavior of scaffolds. The results showed that the cell viability of all groups under magnetic field were better than that for standard condition. Likewise, SEM images of cultured cells on scaffolds confirmed that the combined effect of these factors could be lead to promote better cell adhesion, dispersion, and bone regeneration.