bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEACE AND WAR IN NONSTATE SOCIETIES
Authors: van der Dennen Johan M. G.
Published: November 2014

This monograph-length contribution to the Common Knowledge symposium “Peace by Other Means” reviews and assesses the state of ethnographic and political scholarship concerning how nonstate, tribal societies deal with peacemaking and peacekeeping. A central argument is that the condition among nonstate societies was and is neither one of permanent war nor one of permanent peace but one of permanent peacelessness. Nonstate societies recognize the danger of warfare and take measures to reduce its likelihood, or at least try to mitigate its destructiveness. This article treats the politics, strategies, and practices of peacemaking in tribal societies throughout the world, as well as the full spectrum of attempts at war mitigation.
INSISTENCE AND RESPONSE
Authors: Miyazaki Hirokazu
Published: November 2014

This essay is one of three responses to Casper Bruun Jensen's article “Experiments in Good Faith and Hopefulness: Toward a Postcritical Social Science,” published in the Spring 2014 issue of Common Knowledge. Jensen suggested that the postcritical mode of knowledge production should focus on a continuous and persistent analytical effort to resist despair by “insisting properly.” This commentary, by one of three authors on whom the original article focused, contrasts Jensen's emphasis on insistence with the idea of ethnography as response. The reconceptualization of ethnographic work as response can have various and divergent consequences, some of which are explored here with reference to the author's own ethnographic research on indigenous Fijian gift-giving and Japanese financial trading. While his immediate interest here is to expose differences in the kinds of openness that insistence and response afford, he concludes that willingness to respond is more basic to anthropology than the ethnographer's cultivation of the internal strength required to keep anthropology going as an enterprise.
Internet Penetration and Capacity Utilization in the US Airline Industry
Authors: Dana James D. , Orlov Eugene
Published: November 2014

Airline capacity utilization increased dramatically between 1993 and 2007, after staying fairly level following deregulation in 1978. We argue that consumers' use of the Internet to investigate and purchase airline tickets reduces market frictions and allows airlines to meet demand with less capacity and higher load factors. We find that differences in the rate of change of metropolitan-area Internet penetration are positively correlated with differences in the rate of change of airlines' airport-pair load factors. Consistent with our explanation, this correlation is greater on flights in more competitive markets and on flights with fewer total passengers. (JEL L11, L86, L93, M15)
The Control Premium: A Preference for Payoff Autonomy
Authors: Owens David , Grossman Zachary , Fackler Ryan
Published: November 2014

We document individuals' willingness to pay to control their own payoff. Experiment participants choose whether to bet on themselves or on a partner answering a quiz question correctly. Given participants' beliefs, which we elicit separately, expected-money maximizers would bet on themselves in 56.4 percent of the decisions. However, participants actually bet on themselves in 64.9 percent of their opportunities, reflecting an aggregate control premium. The average participant is willing to sacrifice 8 percent to 15 percent of expected asset earnings to retain control. Thus, agents may incur costs to avoid delegating, and studies inferring beliefs from choices may overestimate their results on overconfidence. (JEL C91, D12, D82, D83)
The Strategic Dis/advantage of Voting Early
Authors: Dekel Eddie , Piccione Michele
Published: November 2014

Under sequential voting, voting late enables conditioning on which candidates are viable, while voting early can influence the field of candidates. But the latter effect can be harmful: shrinking the field increases not only the likelihood that future voters vote for one's favorite candidate, but also that they vote for an opponent. Specifically, if one's favorite candidate is significantly better than all others, then early voting is disadvantageous and all equilibria are equivalent to simultaneous voting. Conversely, when some other candidate is almost as good, then any Markov, symmetric, anonymous equilibrium involves sequential voting (and differs from simultaneous voting). (JEL D72)
The Day Care Assignment: A Dynamic Matching Problem
Authors: Kennes John , Monte Daniel , Tumennasan Norovsambuu
Published: November 2014

We study the problem of centralized allocation of children to public day care centers, illustrated by the case of Denmark. Our framework applies to problems of dynamic matching in which there is entry and exit of agents over time; for example, the school choice problem once student mobility is taken into account. We show that there does not exist any mechanism that is both stable and strategy-proof. We also show that the well-known Top Trading Cycles mechanism is neither Pareto efficient nor strategy-proof. Finally, a mechanism in which parents sequentially choose menus of schools is both strategy-proof and Pareto efficient. (JEL C73, D82, I21)
Mergers and Sunk Costs: An Application to the Ready-Mix Concrete Industry
Authors: Collard-Wexler Allan
Published: November 2014

Horizontal mergers have a large impact by inducing a long-lasting change in market structure. Only in an industry with substantial entry barriers is a merger not immediately counteracted by post-merger entry. To evaluate the duration of the effects of a merger, I use the model of Abbring and Campbell (2010) to estimate demand thresholds for entry and for exit. These thresholds, along with the process for demand, are estimated using data from the ready-mix concrete industry. Simulations predict that a merger from duopoly to monopoly generates between nine and ten years of monopoly in the market. (JEL G34, K21, L12, L13, L41, L61)
Working towards a consensus for antibody validation
Authors: Reiss Peter D. , Min Danxi , Leung Mei Y.
Published: November 2014

Commercial research antibodies are the most commonly used product in the life science tools market, and their applications represent a significant investment of time and resources for researchers. Frequently however, the quality of antibodies does not meet the expectations of consumers, causing loss of valuable time and money. This can delay research efforts and scientific discovery, or even lead to false, irreproducible results to be published in the scientific literature. This raises the question of whether there should be universal standards for validating antibodies.  

During the 1st International Antibody Validation Forum, hosted by St John’s Laboratory Ltd on October 15th 2014 at Queen Mary University of London, scientists from academia and industry presented data highlighting quality issues arising from lack of antibody validation. While the forum identified significant current problems in the antibody market, it also discussed future opportunities for improved quality and transparency by encouraging data disclosure and data sharing. This article highlights the key issues and conclusions reached at the forum.
Unctional Support of the Athletes’ Physical Stress at Breath Holding
Authors: Нафеева  , Nafeeva A. , Зеленкова  , Zelenkova I. , Кулин  , Kulin A. , Чернышов  , Chernyshov S. , Вагин  , Vagin Yu. , Киселкина  , Kiselkina M.
Published: November 2014

The heart beat rate and arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) in the freedivers, basketball players and athletes were investigated at the maximum time of breath holding in a situation of the rest, under increasing stress during work on a cycle ergometer and at the interrupted breath holdings in the course of work on the cycle ergometer with a constant load. The free divers hold their breath for a longer time than the bas-ketball players and athletes. The free divers physical endurance was higher than endurance of the basketball players and athletes at the inter-rupted breath-holdings in the course of work on the cycle ergometer. The breath holding at rest was accompanied by a decrease in the heart beat rate and SpO2 in the free-divers and basketball players. The examinees heart beat rate increased at the physical work on a cycle ergo-meter without breath-holdings. The heart beat rate greatest increase was in the basketball players. The SpO2 had a tendency to reduce. The SpO2 in the free-divers and basketball players declined at the interrupted breath-holdings in the course of work on the cycle ergometer. The athletes SpO2 did not alter. While the free-divers heart beat rate decreased, and the basketball and athletes heart beat rate had a tendency to increase. Consequently the free divers had high capacity for work and high resistance to hypoxia. The basketball players have high capacity for work and low resistance to hypoxia. The athletes have low efficiency and lacked resistance to hypoxia.
A New Approach to Examine the Relationship between Functional Preparedness and Electrogenesis in the Athletes Using the Etalon Cardiocycle
Authors: Минина  , Minina E.
Published: November 2014

In modern sport, the result depends on many aspects, including technical, tactical, physical, physiological and psychological factors, as well as heredity and fitness athletes. Diagnostics functional status and identification of mechanisms of formation of the adaptive response of the organism to the load allows to analyzing these factors for individual components. Well known, the myocardium is sensitive the indicator´s ability to consume oxygen, which can be a limiting factor in aerobic functional capacities and reserves not only of the heart muscle, but also the entire body. With this increasing needs of the myocardium in oxygen, including under increasing load, lead to ischemic disorders, in the event which suffer all the processes of membrane electrogenesis: excitability of myocardial cells, bioelectric automaticity processes in the myocardium, including the processes of de - and repolarization. It is found that the original features of the reference cardiocycle (EC) single-channel ECG that can be computed in hardware-software complex FAZAGRAF® with finger electrodes have an additional diagnostic value in quantifying the level of the functional state of the myocardium EC, which is formed in the time domain to the coordinates of the averaged phase trajectory and main traditional ECG signs doesn’t depend on the lead systems may reflect the characteristics of electrogenesis. The high degree of single-channel correlation indices EC ECG with quantitative values ​​of functional training athletes (power, economy and effectiveness) allows to use EC in the diagnosis of functional disorders of cardiac hemodynamic to identify units in need of rehabilitation, correction and optimization.
Multiple alien bodies of the gastrointestinal tract (clinical supervision)
Authors: Бабаева  , Babaeva A.
Published: November 2014

The article presents the results of clinical observation of a child with multiple alien bodies ileum, partial intestinal obstruction, inflammatory infiltrates of the abdominal cavity, multiple perforations of the ileum. The article maps the problems, arising in such situations, especially in pediatric patients. The question of the diagnosis of these conditions and the tactics of healing these patients is very difficult, especially when it comes to patients of early childhood.
Analysis of patterns of disease with temporaly disability in the persons living in conditions of intense magnetic field generated by the kursk magnetic anomaly
Authors: Ярош  , Yarosh T. , Курочкина  , Kurochkina O. , Халилов  , Khalilov M. , Михайлов  , Mikhaylov I. , Снимщикова  , Snimshchikova A.
Published: November 2014

This paper analyzes the structure of diseases with temporary disability in persons residing in areas with high magnetic background. Increasing of the magnetic field is considered on the example of the changes generated by the Kursk magnetic anomaly. It is shown that neoplasms, diseases of the nervous system, cerebrovascular pathology should be subject to close scrutiny by the health authorities of the regions with a high magnetic field. In the Russian Federation leading role in the prevention and therapy of these diseases is proposed to impose on outpatient link, with modernization of the existing legal framework, in which are currently specified medical institutions. The authors draw attention to the fact that the development of standards for the provision of medical care should be on a separate Federal districts, and not the country as a whole.
Medical rehabilitation technologies in biomedical research works of scientists of the tula region (literature review)
Authors: Еськов  , Eskov V. , Борисова  , Borisova O. , Киреев  , Kireev Semen , Хадарцев  , Khadartsev Aleksandr
Published: November 2014

The review summarizes the research activity of scientists of the Tula region aimed at creation and development of new biomedical technologies. Areas of research presented in the monographs, patents, discoveries, articles have been identified, examined and implemented in experimental, clinical practice. The research areas are the following: nano-technology, nuclear medicine, technologies of mathematical assessment of complex systems parameters, thesiography of blood and biological fluids, the use technologies of laser radiation in the diagnosis and correction of functional changes, technology of matrix uncooled thermal imaging systems, the spectrofluorimetry autof-luorescence, mechanical simulators, cellular technologies, control technologies of functional systems of the body, biomedical technologies in sport.
Efficacy of R&D Work in Offshore Captive Centers: An Empirical Study of Task Characteristics, Coordination Mechanisms, and Performance
Authors: Mani Deepa , Srikanth Kannan , Bharadwaj Anandhi
Published: November 2014

Seizing the latest technological advances in distributed work, an increasing number of firms have set up offshore captive centers (CCs) in emerging economies to carry out sophisticated R&D work. We analyze survey data from 132 R&D CCs established by foreign multinational companies in India to understand how firms execute distributed innovative work. Specifically, we examine the performance outcomes of projects using different technology-enabled coordination strategies to manage their interdependencies across multiple locations. We find that modularization of work across locations is largely ineffective when the underlying tasks are less routinized, less analyzable, and less familiar to the CC. Coordination based on information sharing across locations is effective when the CC performs tasks that are less familiar to it. A key contribution of our work is the explication of the task contingencies under which coordination based on modularization versus information sharing yield differential performance outcomes.
The Distinct Effects of Information Technology and Communication Technology on Firm Organization
Authors: Bloom Nicholas , Garicano Luis , Sadun Raffaella , Van Reenen John
Published: November 2014

Guided by theories of “management by exception,” we study the impact of information and communication technology on worker and plant manager autonomy and span of control. The theory suggests that information technology is a decentralizing force, whereas communication technology is a centralizing force. Using a new data set of American and European manufacturing firms, we find indeed that better information technologies (enterprise resource planning (ERP) for plant managers and computer-assisted design/computer-assisted manufacturing for production workers) are associated with more autonomy and a wider span of control, whereas technologies that improve communication (like data intranets) decrease autonomy for workers and plant managers. Using instrumental variables (distance from ERP’s place of origin and heterogeneous telecommunication costs arising from regulation) strengthens our results.

Data, as supplemental material, are available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2014.2013 .

This paper was accepted by John List, behavioral economics.
Facility Location with Matroid or Knapsack Constraints
Authors: Krishnaswamy Ravishankar , Kumar Amit , Nagarajan Viswanath , Sabharwal Yogish , Saha Barna
Published: November 2014

In the classical k-median problem, we are given a metric space and want to open k centers so as to minimize the sum (over all the vertices) of the distance of each vertex to its nearest open center. In this paper we present the first constant-factor approximation algorithms for two natural generalizations of this problem that handle matroid or knapsack constraints.

In the matroid median problem, there is an underlying matroid on the vertices and the set of open centers is constrained to be independent in this matroid. When the matroid is uniform, we recover the k-median problem. Another previously studied special case is the red-blue median problem where we have a partition matroid with two parts. Our algorithm for matroid median is based on rounding a natural linear programming relaxation in two stages, and it relies on a connection to matroid intersection.

In the knapsack median problem, centers have weights and the total weight of open centers is constrained to be at most a given capacity. When all weights are uniform, this reduces to the k-median problem. The algorithm for knapsack median is based on a novel LP relaxation that constrains the set of centers that each vertex can get connected to. The rounding procedure uses a two-stage approach similar to that for matroid median.
On the Uniqueness of Equilibrium in Atomic Splittable Routing Games
Authors: Bhaskar Umang , Fleischer Lisa , Hoy Darrell , Huang Chien-Chung
Published: November 2014

In routing games with infinitesimal players, it follows from well-known convexity arguments that equilibria exist and are unique. In routing games with atomic players with splittable flow, equilibria exist, but uniqueness of equilibria has been demonstrated only in limited cases: in two-terminal nearly parallel graphs, when all players control the same amount of flow, and when latency functions are polynomials of degree at most three. There are no known examples of multiple equilibria in these games. In this work, we show that in contrast to routing games with infinitesimal players, atomic splittable routing games admit multiple equilibria. We demonstrate this multiplicity via two specific examples. In addition, we show that our examples are topologically minimal by giving a complete characterization of the class of network topologies for which multiple equilibria exist. Our proofs and examples are based on a novel characterization of these topologies in terms of sets of circulations.
Deciding to change your skill mix?
Authors: Adams Ann , Lugsden Edward
Published: November 2014

There is currently a lot of pressure within the NHS to make skill-mix changes, but guidance about how to do it is lacking. This paper examines different approaches used by eight trusts with a reputation for innovation in staffing and skill mix. A summary of ‘best practice’ is presented, and also a model for thinking about and implementing skill-mix changes.
‘Crisis’ is managerial, not financial
Authors: Maynard Alan
Published: November 2014

The influenza epidemic has created a NHS funding ‘crisis’. This is partly a product of those who wish to destroy the NHS because of their political values and partly a product of the failure of policy makers to improve the performance of doctors.
Eye contact and life lessons
Authors: Harvey Trevor
Published: November 2014

The effects of a cancer scare.
‘I love a Parliamentary debate’ …
Authors: Bell Andy
Published: November 2014

Last month, it is claimed, the campaign for the next general election got under way in earnest. In the same week, Labour and the Conservatives launched (or rather relaunched) their policies to promote patient choice in the NHS. In a game of media ping-pong, the two main parties both set out their stalls to the electorate in a bid to prove that they had the better patient choice policies, and to have us believe that miles of clear blue water stood between their visions for the NHS.
The clatter of change
Authors: Cross Michael
Published: November 2014

To Wirral, for a thoroughly uplifting day out. The Clatterbridge Centre for Oncology is holding a seminar to show off an award-winning IT project, a scheduling system which has helped cut waiting times for radiotherapy by two thirds.
Vote, vote, vote for saving the NHS …
Authors: Timmins Nicholas
Published: November 2014

It may be over, but with the Conservatives producing their health manifesto it still saw the first shots fired for the general election which pretty much everyone now presumes will be on May 5.
Health care under New Labour: rebuilding or dismantling the NHS?
Authors: Walshe Kieran
Published: November 2014

As part of our special issue on the progress of NHS reform, Kieran Walshe presents this long-term review of New Labour's record in office.
How do people see the progress of NHS reform?
Authors: Edwards Nigel
Published: November 2014

As part of our special issue on the progress of NHS reform, we asked a range of figures across the health management community for their views on progress at the present time.
Is it the Devon cream teas, or the air?
Authors: Maynard Alan
Published: November 2014

After some months of silence, dear old David Kernick (2005) is back misunderstanding economics and misinterpreting economists; and the fear must be that the West Country air and cholesterol-rich diet is affecting his functioning
NPfIT's progress
Authors: Cross Michael
Published: November 2014

The world's most ambitious single IT programme is celebrating a success. Over the past few months, the NHS National Programme for IT (NPfIT) has delivered on time and on budget software vital to the new GP contract.
If nursing's profile is to be raised it must be assertive
Authors: McNally Steve
Published: November 2014

A comment made to me recently by a nursing student from overseas prompted me to think about the position of nursing in the contemporary service and professional landscape. The student had expressed surprise that nursing leaders in this country seemed remarkably unsuccessful, and possibly unconcerned, about achieving improvement in the low pay and lack of status of nurses in comparison with other professional groups.
Correspondence
Authors: Durmaz Pakize , Hampton Sylvie
Published: November 2014

A perspective of an overseas nurse

Debate over Intrasite Gel continues
Attitudes of registered nurses and student nurses to disabled children
Authors: Mantziou Vasiliki , Brocalaki Iro , Andrea Stavroula , Ktenas Eftichios , Chatira Kalliopi , Kotzabassaki Stella
Published: November 2014

The purpose of this study was to examine and compare the attitudes of registered nurses and student nurses towards disabled children. A convenience sample consisting of 99 registered nurses employed in paediatric hospitals and 189 student nurses was selected. The instrument used for data collection was the ‘Attitudes Towards Disabled Persons’ (ATDP) scale. Descriptive statistics and one-way analysis of variance were performed to test for significant differences. On the whole subjects' attitudes appeared to be poor. Student nurses had more positive attitudes in comparison to registered nurses; however, the difference was not statistically significant. There were significant differences between the different age groups and between student groups' within different educational settings. There were no significant differences in gender. Actions to improve subjects' attitudes towards disabled children are discussed and suggested.
Secondary wound dressings: an evaluation of Alldress
Authors: Gray David G , White Richard , Russell Fiona , Cooper Pam J
Published: November 2014

Nurses are increasingly faced with the need to balance clinical efficacy with economic advantages when selecting wound management products. Compared to 20 or 30 years ago the money spent by the NHS in the UK on wound dressings has risen dramatically. It is also true that the rise in costs has, for the most part, been matched by an improvement in product performance. It is, however, important that claimed advances in wound management products are assessed critically to ensure they provide both clinical and economic benefits. In this article the authors explore the use of a secondary wound dressing. Using a case study methodology, the authors have conducted an evaluation aimed at identifying possible economic benefits associated with the study dressing as opposed to more expensive alternatives. In the case studies observed the dressing has been found to provide the required level of clinical performance at a considerable saving when compared to other modern wound management dressings. The authors conclude that these initial findings merit further investigation as they could, if replicated on a larger scale, result in considerable cost savings for the NHS without sacrificing clinical standards.
It is time to really value care workers for the elderly
Authors: Nolan Mike , Featherston Jan , Nolan Janet
Published: November 2014

Other than the help they get from family, friends and neighbours, the vast majority of support that is received by older people is provided not by qualified nurses but by support workers. This is especially true in care home settings. However, such ‘care work’ is rarely appreciated and the skills that are required to carry out the role are never fully acknowledged.
Correspondence
Authors: Howard Mary , Chen Tom
Published: November 2014

Gossip does not have to be nasty and hurtful

Pressure mattresses: which do we choose?

Media reports on the state of the NHS
It is important to support nurses in trouble
Authors: Castledine George
Published: November 2014

It probably goes without saying that these days nursing is a very stressful occupation. I am sure that many readers have experienced the unwanted effects of stress in their lives. Bailey (1985) identified at least six sources of stress which are common to many nurses and types of nursing: workload; patient care; interpersonal relationships with colleagues; knowledge of nursing and nursing skills; types of nursing; and bureaucratic and political constraints. Nowadays, nurses need to know how and when to cut corners, and to navigate their way through a whole host of difficult organizational structures.
Values for dance making and methods for critique
Authors: Lerman Liz
Published: November 2014

Choreographer Liz Lerman has evolved methods for dance composition that emphasize a collaborative role for dancers, who participate in the invention of movement by responding to questions, improvisational structures, and research assignments. She attributes the success of this approach in part to her ability to function as an environmentalist, cultivating a setting in which artists can do their best work. In this article she describes two techniques that she has devised, mutual coaching and the Critical Response Process, which afford dancers an active role in shaping choreographic work and assure a constructive atmosphere for critique and collaboration. She reflects on the values of enquiry, learning and mutual respect inherent in these techniques. She illuminates their role in sustaining the daily functioning of a dance company and in nurturing artists with multi-disciplinary capacity as performers, creators, teachers, administrators and community facilitators.
The RSVP Cycles: Creative Processes in the Human Environment
Authors: Halprin Lawrence
Published: November 2014

What follows is from the introductory section of the now out of print book, The RSVP Cycles: Creative Processes in the Human Environment, by Lawrence Halprin (George Braziller: New York 1969). The book considers ‘scoring’ as a way in which to make processes visible and as a way of enabling participation. This work was developed with his wife and dancer Anna Halprin. She has utilized and extended the RSVP cycle extensively, using it to elaborate and structure interactions between people within, in particular, community movement practices. The RSVP score makes elements of the creative process visible and seeks to aid communication within artistic collaborations. As such it offers a significant framework for articulation, making accessible that which is usually hidden and implicit. Thereby editors felt that it was an important resource to include in this special issue, encompassing insights into the value of scoring, which might be seen as modes of articulation in their own right, and also because the RSVP cycles offer a way through which creative processes can be better understood.
Rising forwards: A choreographic epigram
Authors: Lilja Efva
Published: November 2014

For choreography to be developed as progressive and relevant, it must be specific and act as a translation of both movement and touch, of time and space as conceived realities. Choreography as both action and thinking, develop over time through experience, study and the research that provides expertise needed for specificity. Choreographic practice unfolds in relation to other practices, in relation to traditions, conventions and to cultural attitudes towards both art and politics. In my choreographic work the attitude to the techniques of narration and to language are absolutely decisive. I explore and research this in dialogue with a rapidly changing surrounding world that constantly demands artistic and political positioning. I do, I explore, I evaluate, I discard and occasionally arrive at a good dialogue. I refuse to travel backwards, I like jumping, I fall often and mostly manage to rise with my eyes, my thoughts and my body turned forward. In my text I will elaborate on how.
Closer to the body: Reflections on skript and extracts from collected writings
Authors: Bacon Jane M. , Midgelow Vida L.
Published: November 2014

In this two part article we reflect upon the experience of writing-dancing with audiences and artists in the context of our installation work skript (commissioned by Dance4, Nottingham, 2013). Part one considers how skript engages embodied, felt sense, improvisational and collaborative modalities in relation to the act of writing. As such we consider the ways in which the particular interface of language and embodiment, which is the focus of skript, might allow a knowing of ‘something’ otherwise – be that something a sense of our own bodies, a dance work, a performance experience or perhaps just that moment in time. In part two we share extracts of some of the writings that were collaboratively generated as part of skript. We focus on the work of three performance/movement artists: Guy Dartnell, Miguel Pereira and Rosalind Crisp. These dance-writings are published as they were written in real time, in the moment of engagement. They are edited only for length and at times to correct typographical errors (but only if the errors seemed to disturb the flow of the ideas) rather than to simply ‘tidy’ the text or the grammar. The writings are relational, improvisational and at times fragmentary. For more writings see: www.writing-dancing.blogspot.com.
Animate inscriptions, articulate data and algorithmic expressions of choreographic thinking
Authors: Shaw Norah Zuniga
Published: November 2014

The twin questions of what constitutes choreographic knowledge and what traces it may or may not leave behind are perennial concerns in dance. And in recent decades the proliferation of digital media in our lives has radically expanded that question. But there is much to be done as makers and as scholars to trace and transfer dancing ideas and elucidate the processes by which alternative inscriptions come to be. To address this gap in the literature, this article unfolds the working processes and modes of articulation in two recent collaborative projects that have circulated widely and that I co-created at the Advanced Computing Center for the Arts and Design (ACCAD): Synchronous Objects (2009) with William Forsythe; and Motion Bank: TWO (2013) with Bebe Miller and Thomas Hauert. Together these works question the nature of choreographic thinking and seek to expand the range of meaningful articulations of dancing ideas.
Archival intimacies: Participatory media and the fashion histories of US women of colour
Authors: Pham Minh-Ha T.
Published: November 2014

This article discusses the critical and curatorial aims, materials and methods that underpin a digital fashion archive devoted to the histories of US women of colour called Of Another Fashion. It argues for the utility of participatory media in efforts to create not only new historical records of minoritized fashion histories but also new systems of record-keeping. Of Another Fashion does more than simply add to the history of US women’s fashion. Relying heavily on the ethics of sharing and co-creation intrinsic to participatory media practices, it is shaped by a techno-feminist approach to the historiography of US fashion histories in which commitments to cooperation and difference are central.
‘Relics of Former Splendor’: Inventing the costume exhibition, 1833–1835
Authors: Petrov Julia
Published: November 2014

Coinciding with a rising public interest in the life and times of Oliver Cromwell, an exhibition of the costumes of the women of Cromwell’s family was staged twice in different locations in London in 1833–1835. The dresses, accessories and related objects had impeccable provenance, as they had been descended from Cromwell’s daughter to a distant relation, Jane Luson. Upon Mrs Luson’s death, the costumes were exhibited thanks to the enterprise of the heir of this collection; in designing his display, Mr William Anthony, a Clerkenwell clock-maker, unknowingly invented the characteristics of the modern museum exhibition of historical costume. Drawing on archival documents and published accounts, this article describes these exhibitions and argues that, although they are the first documented instance of a dedicated display of historical dress, they nonetheless demonstrate the key conventions of fashion curation practised to this day, including mannequin dressing, props, historical and biographical documentation, label copy, merchandising and sponsor product placement. As fashion exhibitions become more common across cultural venues worldwide, it is important to look back at the beginnings of the trend and acknowledge the debt owed to this early precedent.
Derrota – conceito e avaliação: Características psicométricas da versão portuguesa da Escala de Derrota (Defeat Scale)
Authors: Carvalho Serafim , Pinto-Gouveia José , Castilho Paula , Pimentel Paulo , Maia Dulce
Published: November 2014

A teoria do posto social (social rank theory), no contexto da psicopatologia evolucionária, sugere que a derrota é uma resposta psicobiológica adaptativa presente sobretudo em situações de conflitos agonísticos. Estudos em animais e no homem demonstraram o impacto neurobiológico negativo das situações de derrota. No ser humano, o estado de derrota exprime o sentimento resultante de perdas na luta por objectivos importantes e de posto social. A Escala de Derrota (ED) foi desenvolvida por Gilbert e Allan (1998) com o objectivo de avaliar a intensidade da derrota. As propriedades psicométricas da ED foram avaliadas num grupo de estudantes (n = 609), num grupo da população geral (n = 406) e num grupo de doentes com depressão major (n = 106). A escala revelou uma estrutura unidimensional na análise factorial e uma boa consistência interna, entre .89 e .93, nos três grupos e em ambos os géneros. A estabilidade teste-reteste, a validade convergente com sintomatologia depressiva e a validade divergente com o suporte social e o optimismo, assim como a validade de construto mostraram-se adequadas. A presente versão da Escala de Derrota mostrou ter qualidades psicométricas adequadas para ser utilizada em populações clínicas e não clínicas.
Do the Over-the-Counter Sales at Banks Expand the Individual Annuity Market in Japan?
Authors: Azegami Hideto
Published: November 2014

This research investigates the effects of the over-the-counter (OTC) sales at banks on individual annuity markets in Japan. The ban on OTC sales of individual annuities at financial institutions was rescinded in October 2002. Deregulation is considered to have expanded the market because it began growing in FY 2001. Life insurance companies also announced that the sales of insurance policies through banks are affecting their profits. However, statistics on sales results aggregated by distribution channel have not yet been released. Thus, my empirical analysis investigates the relationships between the amount of new contracts for individual annuities provided by insurance firms and several explanatory variables, including the number of bank branches in a region, the Herfindahl index calculated using the amount of individual annuity contracts in force, rate of the elderly, prefectural income, labor force participation rate for older men, amounts outstanding of bank deposits, share of owned homes to total dwellings, amount of life insurance policies in force, and male life expectancy. The results of a panel-data analysis over a 10-year period, and including 47 prefectures and 14 major insurance firms, indicate that the number of bank branches is positively related to the amount of new contracts for several insurance companies.
Spontaneous resolution of an umbilical cord arteriovenous fistula
Authors: Mei-Dan Elad , Glanc Phyllis , Hui Dini , Barrett Jon F.
Published: November 2014

An umbilical arteriovenous (AV) fistula is an extremely rare anomaly of the umbilical cord, with only one case being documented in the literature. The purpose of this report is to describe the prenatal sonographic characteristics of such a lesion and its potential complications. We report a case of an umbilical cord AV fistula detected at 24 weeks of gestation in one fetus of dichorionic-diamniotic twins. Color flow and spectral Doppler examinations showed a jet originating from one of the umbilical arteries entering the dilated umbilical vein. Serial ultrasounds revealed relative oligohydramnios and deep A waves in the ductus venosus for the affected twin. Upon performing fetal echocardiography assessment, mild cardiomegaly and dilatation of the inferior vena cava were detected. Chromosomal testing revealed a normal karyotype. The patient continued to be followed for close monitoring of fetal well-being and corticosteroids were administered. Cesarean section was planned for 28–30 weeks, but surprisingly, the oligohydramnios resolved, Doppler studies normalized, and no further intra-uterine growth restriction or fetal compromise was observed. Due to the recurrence of abnormal Doppler studies at 36 weeks of gestation, the patient was admitted for an induction of labor followed by a vaginal delivery of two healthy infants. Given the scarcity of reports regarding umbilical cord AV fistula, it is important to perform an extensive investigation of the affected fetus including karyotype and echocardiography. Furthermore, delivery timing should rely on close surveillance of fetal well-being to avoid the risk of fetal demise.
Graphophonology and anachronic phonology Notes on episodes in the history of pseudo-phonology
Authors: Anderson John M.
Published: November 2014

In the present essay some of what have been the more influential conceptions of phonology are examined in the light of what I see as ‘intrusions’ into its domain, starting with a strand of orthographic influence. I am concerned with the extent to which various ‘phonological’ proposals might be described as ‘graphophonological’ rather than strictly phonological. This examination also reveals the interaction of the graphophonological impulse with the impact of other considerations that are not proper to synchronic phonology. Most pertinent here is the more familiarly controversial formulation as synchronic generalizations of what are substitutes for the diachronic regularities reflected in morphophonological alternations: what I call ‘anachronic’ phonology, associated, for the most part, with the conflation of morphophonology and phonology; another instance of ‘pseudo-phonology’. Scrutinized here are particularly proposals concerning sound structure associated with the classical littera, with the (‘taxonomic’) phoneme, and with the morphophoneme (or ‘systematic phoneme’). Finally, after an evaluation of an overtly graphophonological proposal, the orthographic rather than phonological value of ‘CVCV’ phonology is explored in relation to the inadequacies of the Linear B syllabary.
Out of the spatial domain ‘Out’-intensifiers in the history of English
Authors: Méndez-Naya Belén
Published: November 2014

The article discusses a set of English intensifying adverbs which originate in the spatial domain and share the basic meaning ‘out’: outly, throughout(ly), twert-out, outright and utterly. Most of them developed degree readings in the Middle English period. The semantic associations of the meaning ‘out’, issuing from the container schema (boundedness and negative evaluation), determine the nature and distribution of ‘out’-intensifiers as maximizers with negative semantic prosodies. Syntactically, the adverbs evolve from spatial adjuncts to degree adjuncts and finally to degree modifiers of adjectives, adverbs, and other heads. Their development is viewed as a case of grammaticalization, displaying typical characteristics such as acquisition of more abstract meanings (spatial > degree), persistence, the workings of pragmatic inferencing, subjectification, scope reduction and renewal within the paradigm of maximizers.
Solutions of integro-differential equations related to contact problems of viscoelasticity
Authors: Bantsuri Revaz , Shavlakadze Nugzar
Published: November 2014

Solutions are constructed for integro-differential equations
related to problems of contact interaction of an elastic thin semi-infinite
inclusion with the plane, when the plane material possesses the creep
property, whereas the elastic and geometric parameters of the inclusion are
measured along its length
according to the power law.
The stability of some generalization of the quadratic functional equation
Authors: Łukasik Radosław
Published: November 2014

In this paper we prove the stability result for the functional equation
(1/L)∑λ∈K
F(x + λy) = G(x) + H(y), x,y ∈ S,
for functions F,G,H: S → X, where (S,+) is an abelian semigroup, K is a finite subgroup of the automorphism group of S, L := |K|,
(X,∥·∥) is the Banach space over a field 𝕂 ∈ {ℝ,ℂ}.
The Historicality of the King: An Exercise in Reading Royal Inscriptions from the Ancient Levant
Authors: Suriano Matthew James
Published: November 2014

The problem with using royal inscriptions as historical sources is their inherent bias. The interests of the king drive the narratives of royal inscriptions. Yet this essential feature reveals their underlying concept of history. In royal inscriptions, historical thought is defined by the life and experience of the king. This article will present a hermeneutic for reading royal inscriptions that focuses on the individual king. The article will first look at the concept of historical time in epigraphic Hebrew and Old Aramaic sources before examining the complicated ways in which this concept is rendered in the principal genres of royal writings, the memorial and the dedicatory inscription. A survey of features found in memorial inscriptions from Dibon (the Mesha Stele) and Sam’al (Kulamuwa), followed by a study of the Old Byblian dedicatory inscriptions, will explore the complex process of configuring time and narrative around the king. In each genre of royal inscription, the linear time of the ruler intersects with cyclical traditions of kingship, revealing the historicality of respective king.
Retrospective cost analyses of EPA regulations: a case study approach
Authors: Kopits Elizabeth , McGartland Al , Morgan Cynthia , Pasurka Carl , Shadbegian Ron , Simon Nathalie B. , Simpson David , Wolverton Ann
Published: November 2014

EPA has conducted severalex postassessments of regulatory compliance costs, with the ultimate goal of identifying ways to improveex antecost estimation. The work to date has culminated in four case studies that examine five regulations using a common conceptual framework. The standardized framework provides a systematic way to investigate key drivers of compliance costs to see if judgments can be made about why and howex anteandex postestimates of costs differ. In addition to describing this conceptual framework, we describe the criteria used to select the rules to be analyzed, summarize the main hypotheses for whyex anteandex postcost estimates may differ and discuss some of the challenges encountered in conducting theseex postanalyses.
Retrospective evaluation of costs associated with methyl bromide critical use exemptions for open field strawberries in California
Authors: Wolverton Ann
Published: November 2014

Methyl bromide (MBr) has been widely used as a fumigant to control pests in the agricultural sector, but it is also an ozone depleting substance. After 2005, methyl bromide could only be produced when a critical use exemption was agreed to by the signatories to the Montreal Protocol. This paper examines how the EPA’sex antecost analyses for open field fresh strawberries in California for the 2006–2010 seasons compare to anex postassessment of costs. A key input into theex antecost analysis is the assumed yield loss associated with methyl bromide alternatives. The EPA used conservative assumptions given the wide range of estimates in the literature at the time, but it appears that a number of viable MBr alternatives – either new fumigants or new ways of applying existing fumigants – may have become available more quickly and resulted in lower yield loss than initially anticipated. Likewise, it appears that farmers who substituted away from methyl bromide did so without imposing large negative impacts on production in prime California strawberry growing areas.Ex postevaluation also confirms the effect of California regulatory restrictions in limiting the use of various economically competitive alternatives. It is worth noting that unanticipated complications after switching away from methyl bromide, such as new diseases, slowed the transition to MBr alternatives.
A retrospective assessment of the costs of EPA’s 1998 Locomotive Emission Standards
Authors: Kopits Elizabeth
Published: November 2014

While the need to update EPA benefit-cost analysis to reflect the most recent science is broadly acknowledged, little work has been done examining how well ex ante BCAs estimate the actual benefits and costs of regulations. This paper adds to the existing literature on ex post cost analyses by examining EPA’s analysis of the 1998 Locomotive Emission Standards. Due to data limitations and minimal ability to construct a reasonable counterfactual for each component of the cost analysis, the assessment relies mainly on industry expert opinion, augmented with ex post information from publicly available data sources when possible. The paper finds that the total cost of bringing line-haul locomotives into compliance with the 1998 Locomotive Emission Standards rule remains uncertain. Even though the initial per-unit locomotive compliance costs were higher than predicted by EPA, total costs also depend on the number of locomotives affected by the regulation. Over 2000–2009, the number of newly built line-haul locomotives was higher but the number of remanufactured line-haul locomotives was lower than EPA’s estimate.