bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Traditional Values and Political Trust in China
Authors: Zhai Yida
Published: December 2017

Chinese traditional culture is viewed to sustain political trust in the authoritarian regime. Given that Chinese cultural traditions are complex and multi-dimensional, it is ineffective to deal with this notion by a single index. This study divides Chinese traditional values into a non-political dimension (traditional family and social values) and a political dimension (traditional political values). Then, I empirically test how different dimensions of Chinese cultural traditions shape the ordinary people’s orientations toward their political institutions and government officials. The results show that the impact of traditional values on political trust varies by its different dimensions. Traditional political values and social values are positively correlated with both institutional trust and trust in government officials. Traditional family values are positively correlated with trust in government officials but do not have an effect on institutional trust. Liberal democratic values negatively correlate with trust in government officials, but this effect on institutional trust is not significant.
Wages, Housework and Attitudes in the Philippines
Authors: Bayudan-Dacuycuy Connie , Dacuycuy Lawrence B
Published: December 2017

This paper is one of the few studies that systematically analyzes housework in the Philippines. It seeks to understand how wages and attitudes to work and family life affect the time devoted to housework. Based on different specifications and estimators, our findings indicate that respondents’ own wages are not a significant predictor of the hours they spend on housework but that they are a significant predictor of the time spouses devote to non-market production. We find that husbands’ housework hours are positively affected by female respondents’ wages, while wives’ housework hours are negatively affected by male respondents’ wages. We turn to the Philippine context to explain these results and find the combination of egalitarian society and gender inequality in the labor market to be plausible explanations. Results also show that both wages and attitudes have direct effects on wives’ housework time but that some of the effects of wages are mediated by respondents’ attitudes toward gender roles.

JEL code: D13, J22
Taking the tour: The romantic ruins of Carl Shuker’s Anti Lebanon
Authors: Wright Nicholas
Published: December 2017

This article positions Carl Shuker’s Anti Lebanon (2013) as a postcolonial text that both identifies and examines the role of a romantic symbolic in the semiotic structures of a neocolonial modernity. The article discusses this romanticism primarily in two ways: as a Baudrillardian simulacral economy of signs and tropes, but also, drawing on the work of romantic scholars like Alan Liu and Jerome McGann, as an engine of repetition by which the romantic ruins — or “timeless” commonplaces — of a particularly Western culture and history efface the specificities of other times, places, and cultures. The relationship of this romantic symbolic to modernity is, I argue, the key insight of Shuker’s novel, and draws on the idea of the dialectic as explored by Theodore Adorno and Max Horkheimer. In its tour of this romantic modernity the essay focuses on three of the novel’s ruins: an abandoned amusement park, a labyrinth, and the figure of the vampire. As I argue, the ruins of romanticism — those elements of the supernatural annexed by modernity — have become like the photo opportunities of a Western literary consciousness the tourist-reader relies on when confronted by difference. In our consumption of these ruins, the very objects that might once have signified the decomposition of modernity, the hegemony of Shuker’s globalized modernity is granted a perpetual and vampiric afterlife. In these respects Shuker’s text can be read as an exploration of distinctly postcolonial concerns.
Tracking obscenities: Dalit women, devadasis, and the linguistically sexual
Authors: Hubel Teresa
Published: December 2017

In his 1993 Dalit Panpaadu, Raj Gauthaman declares that Dalit writing should “outrage and even repel the guardians of caste and class” (qtd. in Holmström, 2008: xii). Writing by Dalit women has been exceptionally successful in achieving this goal, particularly in its representation of the sexuality and sexually-charged language of Dalit women. For instance, in Sangati, Tamil author Bama describes the difficult and deeply moving lives of Dalit women in south India. Although multiply subversive, Sangati is the most outrageous in its exposure of the sexual violence that often underpins the language of her female characters. Similarly, in her oral autobiography Viramma: Life of an Untouchable, Viramma repeatedly speaks in ways that suggest her embrace of that which, from an upper-caste and middle-class perspective, might seem vulgar, especially since it issues from the mouth of a woman. The present article theorizes this use of sexual language, arguing that it can be read as a powerful disruption of the feminine in that it refuses to play to patriarchal expectations about feminine decorum, and, as such, it models a defiance that mainstream feminism, rooted as it has been in predominantly middle-class values, might very well copy. To understand the contours of this defiance, I compare Dalit women’s bodily language, including that found in Sukirtharani’s poetry, to other expressions of Indian feminine sexuality: in Kamala Das’s biography and poems, and in the lyrics to devadasi songs.
Influence of electric field direction of terahertz radiation on composite materials
Authors: Im Kwang-Hee , Park Je-Woong , Yang In-Young , Hsu David Kuei
Published: December 2017

Terahertz waves (T-ray) for the non-destructive evaluation were investigated on composite materials. The modalities of the T-ray radiation used were time domain spectroscopy and continuous wave for composites. The composite materials are composed of non-conducting polymeric composites and carbon fiber composites. T-ray signals in the time domain spectroscopy mode resembles that of ultrasound; however, unlike ultrasound, T-ray pulse can detect a crack hidden behind a larger crack (shadow effect). Thick glass fiber reinforced polymer laminates containing double-saw slots was demonstrated. Also, in carbon composites the penetration of T-ray waves was investigated in order to detect flaws is strongly affected by the angle between the electric field vector of the terahertz waves and the intervening fiber directions. Other composites tested in this study include both solid laminates and honeycomb sandwiches. The defects and anomalies investigated by T-ray were foreign material inclusions, simulated disbond and delamination, mechanical impact damage, heat damage, and water or hydraulic fluid ingression. The intensive characterization of T-ray for the non-destructive evaluation of composites are being discussed.
The role of interface in improving fracture toughness of shaped steel fiber-reinforced composites
Authors: Ghoraishi MS , Hawk JE , Ghoreishi M , Zadhoush A
Published: December 2017

Mechanical properties of composite materials and their final performance are strongly influenced by the structure and properties of the fiber–matrix interface. A balance between sufficient load transfer and fiber pullout properties helps improve the performance of the composite materials. In this research, we employed sulfuric acid treatment to enhance fiber pullout and debonding through decreasing the fiber–matrix interlock. Atomic force microscope and scanning electron microscopy were employed to investigate the surface morphology of both treated and untreated steel fibers. Our results indicate that surface treatment improves the fiber roughness and therefore hinders brittle failures of the epoxy fiber-reinforced composite materials.
Effect of sodium bicarbonate treatment on mechanical properties of flax-reinforced epoxy composite materials
Authors: Fiore V , Scalici T , Valenza A
Published: December 2017

This paper deals with the evaluation of the effect of an eco-friendly and cost-effective surface treatment based on the use of sodium bicarbonate on the mechanical properties of flax-reinforced epoxy composites. To this aim, unidirectional fabrics were soaked for five days in 5 and 10% in weight of sodium bicarbonate solution at 25℃. Quasi-static and dynamic mechanical tests were performed and the fracture surfaces of the composites were analyzed through scanning electron microscopy. Results evidenced that this treatment improves the fiber–matrix adhesion thus increasing the performances of the composites. Treating the fabrics with 10% w/w of bicarbonate solution leads to improvements of ∼20 and ∼45% in tensile strength and modulus of the composites, respectively, compared to untreated ones. Furthermore, by increasing the concentration, negligible changes in the glass transition temperature and reductions in the tanδ peak heights were found. The observation of the fracture surfaces confirmed the beneficial effect of the proposed treatment.
A Theory on Reports of Constructive (Real) and Illusory Posttraumatic Growth
Authors: Boerner Michaela , Joseph Stephen , Murphy David
Published: December 2017

It has been suggested that self-reported posttraumatic growth could sometimes be considered as a way for people to protect themselves from the distress of trauma. In this case, reports of posttraumatic growth could be illusory. We suggest a theory on self-reported constructive (real) posttraumatic growth and illusory posttraumatic growth by using Rogers’s theory and the work by Vaillant. Through this theoretical framework, we attempt to explain when reports of posttraumatic growth are likely to be constructive and real and when such reports are likely to represent aspects of illusions. We will also consider the implications for research practice.
Toward a Graded Psycholexical Space Mapping Model: Sublexical and Lexical Representations in Chinese Character Reading Development
Authors: Tong Xiuli , McBride Catherine
Published: December 2017

Following a review of contemporary models of word-level processing for reading and their limitations, we propose a new hypothetical model of Chinese character reading, namely, the graded lexical space mapping model that characterizes how sublexical radicals and lexical information are involved in Chinese character reading development. The underlying assumption of this model is that Chinese character recognition is a process of competitive mappings of phonology, semantics, and orthography in both lexical and sublexical systems, operating as functions of statistical properties of print input based on the individual’s specific level of reading. This model leads to several testable predictions concerning how the quasiregularity and continuity of Chinese-specific radicals are organized in memory for both child and adult readers at different developmental stages of reading.
Investigating the Asymmetrical Roles of Syllabic and Phonemic Awareness in Akshara Processing
Authors: Nakamura Pooja R. , Joshi R. Malatesha , Ji Xuejun Ryan
Published: December 2017

In this study, we examine the relative contributions of syllabic awareness, phonemic awareness, and oral vocabulary knowledge in early akshara reading ability from Grades 1 through 5. The performance of 488 students in two states of South India, Karnataka (Kannada language) and Andhra Pradesh (Telugu language), was measured. Results from a commonality analysis indicate that there was an increasing independent contribution of syllabic awareness to Kannada and Telugu decoding through the five grades, but the unique contribution of phonemic awareness steadily declined through the five grades, as it became subsumed within syllabic awareness. The contribution of oral vocabulary knowledge did not present a clear pattern across the five grades. This study builds on a growing body of literature on the akshara orthographies to shed light on the precise nature of the developmental asymmetry in the dual syllabic and phonemic representation in akshara reading.
Sheep model of haemodialysis treatment
Authors: Bujok Jolanta , Walski Tomasz , Czerski Albert , Gałecka Katarzyna , Grzeszczuk-Kuć Karolina , Zawadzki Wojciech , Witkiewicz Wojciech , Komorowska Małgorzata
Published: December 2017

More than two million patients received haemodialysis (HD) in 2013. Many methods for improving dialysis therapy outcomes have been tested. Nevertheless, patients continue to experience high morbidity and mortality rates. We aimed to develop an animal model of HD treatment to study methods that would prevent the adverse effects of renal replacement therapy. The study was conducted using six male Merino sheep. The animals underwent a two-step bilateral nephrectomy, and a permanent dual-lumen catheter was inserted into the jugular vein. In each animal, 10 short, daily HD treatments were conducted. The dialysis prescription was adjusted individually to each animal. Measures of dialysis adequacy (spKt/V and urea reduction ratio [URR]) were calculated for each HD treatment. All animals remained in a good clinical state during the experiment. However, a sustained decrease in red blood cell count was detected. The average URR was 0.65 ± 0.01, whereas the calculated spKt/V was approximately 1.16 ± 0.03. Neither hyperphosphataemia nor a significant decline in serum albumin concentrations were detected during the study. A sustained increase in serum potassium concentrations was detected on consecutive days of the experiment. All sheep survived the treatment and were euthanized at the end of the experiment. In conclusion, we developed a reproducible sheep model of HD treatment. The gentle nature and specific anatomical features of sheep provided easy blood access and allowed us to perform HD without pharmacological intervention. However, some differences in sheep physiology relative to human physiology must be considered when interpreting the results of the study.
Quality of reporting of otorhinolaryngology articles using animal models with the ARRIVE statement
Authors: Bezdjian Aren , Klis Sjaak F L , Peters Jeroen P M , Grolman Wilko , Stegeman Inge
Published: December 2017

Research involving animal models is crucial for the advancement of science, provided that experiments are designed, performed, interpreted, and reported well. In order to investigate the quality of reporting of articles in otorhinolaryngology research using animal models, a PubMed database search was conducted to retrieve eligible articles. The checklist of the ARRIVE (Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments) guidelines was used to assess the quality of reporting of articles published in ear, nose and throat (ENT) and multidisciplinary journals. Two authors screened titles, abstracts, and full texts to select articles reporting otorhinolaryngology research using in vivo animal models. ENT journals ( n = 35) reported a mean of 57.1% adequately scored ARRIVE items (median: 58.3%; 95% confidence interval [CI; 53.4–60.9%]), while articles published in multidisciplinary journals ( n = 36) reported a mean of 49.1% adequately scored items (median: 50.0; 95% CI [46.2–52.0%]). Articles published in ENT journals showed better quality of reporting of animal studies based on the ARRIVE guidelines ( P < 0.05). However, adherence to the ARRIVE guidelines is generally poor in otorhinolaryngology research using in vivo animal models. The endorsement of the ARRIVE guidelines by authors, research and academic institutes, editorial offices and funding agencies is recommended for improved reporting of scientific research using animal models.
Accents, Not Just Prosodic Boundaries, Influence Syntactic Attachment
Authors: Carlson Katy , Tyler Joseph C.
Published: December 2017

Traditionally, pitch accents are understood to relate to the information structure of a sentence and its discourse connections, while prosodic boundaries indicate groupings of words and affect how constituents attach into a syntactic structure. Here, we show that accents also affect syntactic attachment in multiple different syntactic structures. Three auditory questionnaires on ambiguous attachment sentences (such as Tom reported that Bill was bribed [last May]) find that accenting the higher or lower verb ( reported or bribed) increases the attachment of the final adverbial phrase as a modifier of the accented verb. A fourth experiment shows that accents on verbs or object nouns (in sentences like Jenny sketched a child [with crayons]) also increase the attachment of the final prepositional phrase to the accented head (sketched with crayons versus a child with crayons). Accent effects were small but consistent across sentences with different levels of bias and did not depend on prosodic boundaries. The results suggest that focused elements are important to the main assertion of the sentence and therefore draw the attachment of upcoming material (though the salience of attachment sites may also be important). The results also demonstrate that both prosodic phrasing and pitch accents can affect basic syntactic structure.
Blogs and the Art of Dying
Authors: Andersson Yvonne
Published: December 2017

In recent years, the common and mundane dying has begun to take place in the public space of the Internet. Among the blogs about food, fashion, travel, and other joyful aspects of life, blogs about severe disease and dying have appeared. The aim of this article is to describe some characteristic features of a sample of cancer blogs and to discuss them in the light of Zygmunt Bauman’s theory of the rationalization of death in modernity and theories about networked media, especially the theories about “affective labor” and “ambient intimacy” by McCosker, Darcy, and Pfister. It will then be argued that an affective communication is performed in and through these cancer blogs, where not only language but also the deficiencies of language—and what is called shared ineffability—might be valuable and meaningful (although not unproblematic) as part of a late modern approach to death, and in the practicing of the art of dying.
Effects of a Brief Mindfulness Induction on Death-Related Anxiety
Authors: Schultz David M. , Arnau Randolph C.
Published: December 2017

This study examined effects of a mindfulness induction on proximal and distal defense responses to mortality salience and negative affect. Three experimental conditions were included: mindfulness, mind-wandering, and worrying. Participants in the mindfulness condition underwent a mindfulness induction at the experiment’s outset, while participants in the other two conditions underwent a mind-wandering or worry induction. Inductions involved following guided audio instructions presented via headphones. All conditions ( N = 77) underwent a mortality salience induction after experimental manipulation, involving a written exercise pertaining to one’s death. Results indicated fewer proximal responses in the mindfulness and mind-wandering groups, compared with the worrying group, but no differences in distal responses. Negative affect was lower in the mindfulness group than in the worrying group following mortality salience. Results suggest that mindfulness exercises effectively buffer against negative affect and some responses to mortality salience, although these effects are not different from those of mind-wandering.
Does Unequal Housework Lead to Divorce? Evidence from Sweden
Authors: Ruppanner Leah , Brandén Maria , Turunen Jani
Published: December 2017

The lack of couple-level data hinders direct exploration of how inconsistencies in couples’ housework reports structure their relationship quality. We address this limitation by applying Swedish data from the 2009 Young Adult Panel Study ( N = 1057 couples) matched with Swedish register data (2009–2014) to extend equity theory by estimating mismatch in couples’ housework reports on relationship satisfaction and stability. We find women who report performing more housework are less likely to be satisfied with their relationships, and are more likely to consider breaking up. These unions are also more likely to dissolve. Using both partners’ housework reports, we document discrediting women’s housework contribution, or reporting she does less than she reports, is associated with lower relationship satisfaction. Women in these partnerships also consider breaking up, and the unions are more likely to dissolve. Our results identify the gendered impact of housework inequality on relationship stability.
Application of the melt-blown technique in the production of shape-memory nonwoven fabrics from a blend of poly(L-lactide) and atactic poly[(R,S)-3-hydroxy butyrate]
Authors: Walczak Joanna , Sobota Michał , Chrzanowski Michał , Krucinska Izabella
Published: December 2017

Shape-memory materials have recently gained significant attention from scientists and industries around the world. Their useful properties and ability to change their shape when triggered by different stimuli have encouraged researchers to develop this area of science. The examinations conducted herein concern a nonwoven material with thermally induced shape-memory properties, produced by the melt-blown technique. The subject of the research was a nonwoven fabric made from biodegradable poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) blended with atactic polyhydroxybutyrate (a-PHB). The main aim of the presented research was to determine the technological parameters of the melt-blown process and investigate the shape fixing and recovery mechanisms in the obtained material. Thermal, mechanical, and structural analyses were conducted to describe the properties of the smart fabric. The results obtained for the nonwoven fabric produced under specific conditions and selected process parameters showed that it possesses a controllable, thermally induced shape-memory effect. Shape-memory textiles have great potential for diverse applications, in particular in medical science.
Hypermobility and Educational Outcomes: The Case of St. Louis
Authors: Metzger Molly W. , Fowler Patrick J. , Swanstrom Todd
Published: December 2017

The school mobility rate in St. Louis Public Schools was 40% in 2011-2012, meaning that nearly half of students exited or entered a given school midway through the school year. This alarmingly high rate of churning across schools is accompanied by high neighborhood turnover, particularly within low-income, urban neighborhoods. This constant, disruptive change presents a serious and fundamental challenge for urban education. In this article, we summarize the literature linking mobility to educational outcomes, examine the causes of hypermobility in the case study of St. Louis, describe some of the current approaches to this challenge, and propose additional policy and program solutions.
The Case for Considering Education and Health
Authors: Zimmerman Emily B. , Woolf Steven H. , Blackburn Sarah M. , Kimmel April D. , Barnes Andrew J. , Bono Rose S.
Published: December 2017

Awareness of the impact of education on health remains relatively low among the public, professionals, and policy makers. Virginia Commonwealth University’s Center on Society and Health sought to raise awareness among key decision makers about the impact of education on health outcomes through its Education and Health Initiative (EHI). EHI utilized four key strategies to raise awareness: user-oriented research, strategic communication, local and national stakeholder engagement, and policy outreach to decision makers. We review the research highlighted in four stages of EHI product releases, as well as the development, process, products, and key outcomes associated with this initiative.
Universal and Progressive Child Development Accounts: A Policy Innovation to Reduce Educational Disparity
Authors: Sherraden Michael , Clancy Margaret , Nam Yunju , Huang Jin , Kim Youngmi , Beverly Sondra , Mason Lisa Reyes , Williams Shanks Trina R. , Wikoff Nora Ellen , Schreiner Mark , Purnell Jason Q.
Published: December 2017

Child Development Accounts (CDAs) aim to increase college completion rates among disadvantaged youth by helping youth see themselves as “college bound.” This article summarizes findings about the implementation and impacts of universal, progressive CDAs, with emphasis on outcomes for disadvantaged children. Data come from a large randomized experiment. CDAs positively affect ownership of college savings accounts and assets, educational expectations, and other indicators of well-being. Disadvantaged children especially benefit from having a CDA. If CDAs prove to have long-term effects on educational expectations, college preparation, and educational achievement, then a national universal, progressive CDA could reduce educational disparities.
For the Sake of All: Civic Education on the Social Determinants of Health and Health Disparities in St. Louis
Authors: Purnell Jason Q. , Goodman Melody , Tate William F. , Harris Kelly M. , Hudson Darrell L. , Jones Brittni D. , Fields Robert , Camberos Gabriela , Elder Keith , Drake Bettina , Gilbert Keon
Published: December 2017

Civic education translates research evidence about topics of social importance for broad public audiences, with increased understanding and meaningful action of the desired outcomes. For the Sake of All is an example of civic education on the social determinants of health and health disparities situated in the local context of St. Louis, Missouri. This article describes the research translation, community engagement, strategic communication, and approach to policy that characterized this project. It presents data highlighting racial disparities in health, educational, and economic outcomes, along with policy and programmatic recommendations. Engagement and implementation strategies are described within the context of the events in Ferguson.
The impact of income inequality on rental affordability: An empirical study in large American metropolitan areas
Authors: Dong Hongwei
Published: December 2017

American metropolitan areas have experienced rising income inequality and worsening rental affordability in the past few decades. Has the rise of inequality caused worsening rental affordability? This study conducts both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses to examine the impact of income inequality on rental affordability for low-income tenant households at the county level in America’s largest 100 metropolitan areas. The cross-sectional analyses reveal that, everything else equal, an increase of Gini coefficient by 0.1 in a county was associated with 2.2 and 4.4 percentage points more severely rent-burdened low-income households in 2000 and 2008–2012, respectively. The longitudinal analyses confirm that rising income inequality caused worsening rental affordability for low-income tenant households in large American metropolitan areas between 2000 and 2008–2012. On average, counties that experienced a 0.1 greater increase in Gini coefficient from 2000 to 2008–2012 saw faster growth of severely rent-burdened low-income tenant households by 2.9 percentage points.
A problem with observational equivalence: Disentangling the renter illusion hypothesis
Authors: Dell’Anno Roberto , Martinez-Vazquez Jorge
Published: December 2017

The renter illusion hypothesis argues that renters are more likely to support local public expenditures than homeowners because of a misperception about the actual costs and benefits they face. Numerous empirical studies have produced mixed results which are difficult to interpret because of the lack of micro foundations for the renter illusion hypothesis. This paper helps fill that gap by introducing in a theoretical model the concept of renter illusion behaviour, which can be seen as a rational behaviour in the presence of cognitive anomalies (i.e. behavioural or bounded rationality) and asymmetric information. The resulting theoretical framework can be used to interpret and support a large share of micro- and macro-econometric findings in the previous empirical literature on renter illusion.
Cumulative Risk and Immigrant Youth’s Health and Educational Achievement: Mediating Effects of Inter- and Intra-Familial Social Capital
Authors: Zhang Jing , Savla Jyoti , Cheng Hsiu-Lan
Published: December 2017

Using data from Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Study, this study examined the longitudinal effects of cumulative risk of immigrant parents on immigrant youth’s health and educational achievement in young adulthood. The mediating effects of intra- (i.e., family cohesion) and inter-familial (i.e., parental school involvement) social capital were also examined. The findings showed that cumulative risk was negatively associated with youth’s health and educational achievement in young adulthood. In addition, parental school involvement mediated the association between cumulative risk and youth’s health and educational achievement. The findings suggest that inter-familial social connections may be a critical intervention target for immigrant youth preventive interventions.
What’s a Threat on Social Media? How Black and Latino Chicago Young Men Define and Navigate Threats Online
Authors: Patton Desmond Upton , Leonard Patrick , Elaesser Caitlin , Eschmann Robert D. , Patel Sadiq , Crosby Shantel
Published: December 2017

Youth living in violent urban neighborhoods increasingly post messages online from urban street corners. The decline of the digital divide and the proliferation of social media platforms connect youth to peer communities who may share experiences with neighborhood stress and trauma. Social media can also be used for targeted retribution when threats and insults are directed at individuals or groups. Recent research suggests that gang-involved youth may use social media to brag, post fight videos, insult, and threaten—a phenomenon termed Internet banging. In this article, we leverage “code of the digital street” to understand how and in what ways social media facilitates urban-based youth violence. We utilize qualitative interviews from 33 Black and Latino young men who frequent violence prevention programs and live in violent neighborhoods in Chicago. Emerging themes describe how and why online threats are conceptualized on social media. Implications for violence prevention and criminal investigations are discussed.
Is It My Luck or Loyalty? The Role of Culture on Customer Preferences for Loyalty Reward Types
Authors: Hwang YooHee , Mattila Anna S.
Published: December 2017

Travel companies execute loyalty reward programs to enhance customer retention and loyalty. However, research examining customer loyalty in a cross-cultural setting is scant. To bridge that gap, this study examines the joint effects of reward type (luck-based vs. loyalty-based) and culture (Western vs. East Asian) on behavioral loyalty in the airline context. In this study, South Koreans showed significantly higher levels of behavioral loyalty when the reward was framed as a “lucky draw.” On the other hand, Americans did not differ in their behavioral loyalty across the two types of rewards. Moreover, self-construal accounts for the relationship between culture and behavioral loyalty. The findings of this study indicate that practitioners in the travel industry can leverage their target customers’ cultural orientation when designing their loyalty reward program.
Do Mass Mediated Stereotypes Harm Members of Negatively Stereotyped Groups? A Meta-Analytical Review on Media-Generated Stereotype Threat and Stereotype Lift
Authors: Appel Markus , Weber Silvana
Published: December 2017

Stereotype threat theory suggests that negative stereotypes and devaluing content in the media impair the cognitive and educational achievement of members of the negatively portrayed groups (e.g., Latino Americans, women), whereas nonstereotyped recipients are not affected or even show reversed effects (stereotype lift). A meta-analysis of 33 experiments ( n = 1,831) yielded an overall mean effect size of d = −0.38 (random effects model) in support of the stereotype threat assumption. The results further involve a check on publication bias and moderator analyses with respect to the portrayed group, the dependent variable (academic identification vs. performance), the media format (ads vs. news vs. entertainment), and the world region in which the study was conducted. A second meta-analysis on the stereotype lift hypothesis yielded an overall mean effect size of d = 0.17 ( k = 12, n = 589, nonsignificant, random effects model). Our meta-analytical findings are in support of stereotype threat theory, indicating that negative stereotypes and devaluing content in the media impair members of negatively stereotyped groups, whereas nonmembers are not affected. Implications and open research questions are outlined.
Characteristics and Context of Women Probationers and Parolees Who Engage in Violence
Authors: Morash Merry , Kashy Deborah A. , Cobbina Jennifer E. , Smith Sandi W.
Published: December 2017

For a sample of 396 women on probation and parole, this article presents the results of qualitative analysis that shows the nature of violence for a subgroup of 75 women who were convicted of a violent act. For the full sample of 396, the article also presents results of quantitative analyses that identify correlates of violent behavior. Women’s violent acts were most often assaults on people who were not intimate partners. Second and third most common violent acts were for assaults of an intimate partner and robbery, respectively. Quantitative analysis revealed that history of adult abuse and anger predicted violence. The effect of abuse on violent behavior was partially mediated by anger. Intercorrelations between anger, mental health problems, histories of being abused, and current substance abuse suggest the efficacy of assessing these attributes so that programming can provide individualized interventions that address co-occurring problems.
Interrupting Green Capital on the Frontiers of Wind Power in Southern Mexico
Authors: Sellwood Scott A. , Valdivia Gabriela
Published: December 2017

Harnessing the power of wind is commonly understood as a “green”—cleaner and more sustainable—alternative to conventional extractive practices. An examination of the unfolding of wind energy projects and their contestation in southern Mexico shows that, despite the seeming immateriality of wind farming, wind energy requires epistemological and material enclosures to capture its value. The unreflexive push for these energy frontiers ignores this requirement and, in doing so, sidesteps the processes of dispossession that follow the widening and deepening of capitalist relations, green or otherwise.

La energía eólica normalmente se considera una opción “verde” o “ecológica”: una alternativa más limpia y sustentable a las usuales prácticas extractivas. Un análisis de un proyecto de energía eólica y sus contestaciones en el sur de México muestra que, a pesar de la aparente inmaterialidad del proceso, esta energía requiere de espacios delimitados, tanto epistemológicos como materiales, para que se pueda sacar provecho de su valor. El ímpetu por expandir estas fronteras de manera poco reflexiva ignora dicho requisito, haciendo a un lado los procesos de desposesión que surgen a partir del incremento y profundización de las relaciones capitalistas, sean ecológicas o no.
Poly(propylene)/waste vulcanized ethylene- propylene-diene monomer (PP/WEPDM) blends prepared by high-shear thermo-kinetic mixer
Authors: Simsek Eren , Oguz Oguzhan , Bilge Kaan , Citak Mehmet Kerem , Colak Oguzhan , Menceloglu Yusuf Z
Published: December 2017

Polypropylene (PP)–waste elastomer blends are particularly attractive as an economical way of producing sustainable materials, relieving the stress on the environment. Although PP is a commodity thermoplastic finding employment in various applications, its relatively low impact strength might be a significant factor limiting the variety of uses in many industries. Extensive consumption of thermoset elastomers has been a worldwide waste disposal problem. Here, we describe a facile, economical method for reuse of waste ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) rubber to produce impact resistant blend materials with the PP via a high-shear thermokinetic mixer. In these blends, waste EPDM was used in various concentrations ranging from 20 to 80 wt%, as the remaining part, PP acts as a carrier matrix or a physical binder depending on the concentration in the blend. Briefly, fivefold increase was achieved in the impact resistance of PP by the addition of 60 wt% EPDM waste. The blend with 80 wt% waste EPDM shows characteristics similar to a thermoplastic elastomer. The conclusion of the study is that the blending method is quite effective to produce high-performance blend materials consisting of high concentrations of thermoset waste which addresses the worldwide disposal problem of waste thermoset rubbers.
Global comparative public administration
Authors: Manoharan Aroon P , Mirbel Wendel , Carrizales Tony J
Published: December 2017

Within the past two decades, globalization has led to increased literature on comparative public administration (CPA) research, and it has enhanced analyses of administrative systems in various societies. Our paper examines CPA education among Master of Public Administration and Master of Public Policy programs in the United States. The findings highlight select topics of interest from these courses, as well as emphasizing an immediate need for programs to internationalize their curricula, in order to prepare the next generation of public administrators and policy analysts.
The Public Field in Brazil
Authors: Lucio Magda L , Almeida Lindijane SB , Silveira Raquel MC
Published: December 2017

Contemporary public management in Brazil is undergoing a great deal of transformation. From the year 2008 the Brazilian Federal government has been investing in policies and planned actions that aim to expand access to Higher Education. This paradigm shift was possible through the understanding that the agenda of public problems required trained professionals with appropriate skills, able to propose plans, programs and elaborate projects, fostering the evolution and consolidation of Brazilian democracy. The changes in contemporary Brazilian public management have permitted the debate amongst researchers in the Higher Education sphere, evolving to what is conventionally known as the Public Field. This field integrates views that deal with contemporary processes that aim to change public management either at the state or non-state level, in its various dimensions, seeking to innovate teaching and research in the area of public policy. This article aims to reflect on the specific academic issues related to Public Field Education in Brazil. It also aims to promote an epistemological understanding related to the intellectual diversity present in this area. It considers the assumption that a multidisciplinary approach, characteristic of field courses, generates new experiences and knowledge, making a difference in the formation toward a critical view of reality in which the students are part. In order to conduct the research, a comparative analysis of experiences developed in recent years was proposed. It is seen that the curricula must converge, aiming to educate the manager who understands this phenomenon and the needs of contemporary society, who is able to recognize and work with the rights of citizens, as well as be present in the relations between state and society, with responsibilities of integrating public policy programs, optimizing the use of public resources, being able to redesign programs and projects in order to monitor and evaluate public policies.
Coauthorship in Regional Science
Authors: Chen Jing , Jackson Randall
Published: December 2017

The year 2015 marked the fiftieth anniversary of West Virginia University’s (WVU) Regional Research Institute (RRI), which has played an important role in many scientific collaboration networks. Through social network analysis (SNA) focusing on the RRI research community since its inception in 1965, this article illustrates the role that organizations and the networks they promote can play in scientific problem domains, promoting scholarly collaborations and coauthorship in the field of regional science. We analyzed an evolving WVU RRI coauthorship network that has grown and gained in complexity over time in terms of (1) global metrics, (2) components and cluster analysis, (3) centrality, and (4) PageRank and AuthorRank. The results of these analyses depict a well-developed and influential scientific collaboration structure within both WVU and the regional science research community.
Our Bodies in the Trolley’s Path, or Why Self-driving Cars Must *Not* Be Programmed to Kill
Authors: JafariNaimi Nassim
Published: December 2017

The discourse around self-driving cars has been dominated by an emphasis on their potential to reduce the number of accidents. At the same time, proponents acknowledge that self-driving cars would inevitably be involved in fatal accidents where moral algorithms would decide the fate of those involved. This is a necessary trade-off, proponents suggest, in order to reap the benefits of this new technology. In this article, I engage this argument, demonstrating how an undue optimism and enthusiasm about this technology is obscuring our ability to see what is at stake and explaining how moving beyond the dominant utilitarian framings around this technology opens up a space for both ethical inquiry and innovative design. I suggest that a genuine caring concern for the many lives lost in car accidents now and in the future—a concern that transcends false binary trade-offs and that recognizes the systemic biases and power structures that make certain groups more vulnerable than others—could serve as a starting point to rethink mobility, as it connects to the design of our cities, the well-being of our communities, and the future of our planet.
A ‘real’ fantasy: hybridity, Korean drama, and pop cosmopolitans
Authors: Lee Hyunji
Published: December 2017

This study examines the complex, multidirectional process of media transnationalization and online fandom within the new media environment, focusing on the transnational media flows from the East to the West. Based on an online ethnography examining the fan culture surrounding Korean television drama (K-drama) in the West, this study explores the appeal of K-drama to Western fans and its impact on fans’ identities and worldviews. The analysis suggests that scholars should take a closer look at transnational media fandom as a key site for identity creation and embrace of pop cosmopolitanism.
Qualitative Descriptions of Middle-Class, African American Mothers’ Child-Rearing Practices and Values
Authors: Curenton Stephanie M. , Crowley Jocelyn Elise , Mouzon Dawne M.
Published: December 2017

During qualitative phone interviews, middle-class, mostly married African American mothers ( N = 25) describe their child-rearing responsibilities, practices, and values. They explain (a) why they decided to stay home or take work leave to attend to child rearing, (b) how they divided child-rearing responsibilities with their husbands/romantic partners, (c) whether they faced unique parenting challenges raising African American children, and (d) whether they identified as feminists. Responses revealed the decision to stay home or take work leave comprised values about gender roles, concerns about the cost and/or quality of child care, and the availability of family-friendly workplace policies. Most couples shared child-rearing responsibilities, although mothers admit to doing more. Their unique parenting challenge was protecting their children from racism, stereotyping, and discrimination. Only one third of the mothers identified as being feminists. These results have implications for furthering our knowledge about African American coparenting from a positive, strength-based perspective.
Predicting Caregiver Strain to Improve Supports for the Caregivers of Children With Emotional and Behavioral Disorders
Authors: Wang Tianqian , Anderson Jeffrey Alvin
Published: December 2017

Caregivers of children/youth with emotional and behavioral disorders often can experience significant strain associated with the day-to-day care of their children, and reducing strain can bring tremendous advantages to children, caregivers, and families. This study examines several predictors of caregiver strain hypothesized to be related to caring for children with emotional and behavioral disorders. Specifically, children’s symptoms, child and caregiver demographics, caregiver mental health, and caregiver relationship to child were examined to better understand both objective and subjective strain among a sample of families participating in a system of care in southeast Indiana. Regression analyses demonstrated that children’s externalizing symptoms are the strongest predictor for both objective strain and subjective strain. Moreover, caregivers who had experienced mental health issues reported higher levels of subjective externalized strain; biological parents tend to experience higher subjective internalized strain than other relative caregivers do. Implications for practitioners, caregivers, and future research are also discussed.
Low-Income Black Men’s Kin Work: Social Fatherhood in Cohabiting Stepfamilies
Authors: Reid Megan , Golub Andrew
Published: December 2017

We apply family systems theory and the kinscripts framework to advance understanding of cohabiting stepfather involvement and kin work in low-income Black families raising children, from men’s own perspectives. Analysis of in-depth interviews with 15 cohabiting stepfathers revealed three central kin work domains: involvement in child discipline, taking on financial responsibilities for the child, and developing and maintaining a paternal relationship to the child in the context of a complex family. In each domain, participants described processes of negotiating their involvement with their partners. They also described often negotiating with their stepchildren and sometimes also with the child’s biological father. In multifather family systems, cohabiting stepfathers reported acknowledging, accepting, and adapting their involvement to the reality that there was more than one father to the child. Our analysis provides a theoretical advance in understanding men’s kin work, social fatherhood, and complex families.
Nonstandard Work Schedules, Family Dynamics, and Mother–Child Interactions During Early Childhood
Authors: Prickett Kate C.
Published: December 2017

The rising number of parents who work nonstandard schedules has led to a growing body of research concerned with what this trend means for children. The negative outcomes for children of parents who work nonstandard schedules are thought to arise from the disruptions these schedules place on family life, and thus, the types of parenting that support their children’s development, particularly when children are young. Using a nationally representative sample of two-parent families (Early Childhood Longitudinal Study–Birth cohort, n = 3,650), this study examined whether mothers’ and their partners’ nonstandard work schedules were associated with mothers’ parenting when children were 2 and 4 years old. Structural equation models revealed that mothers’ and their partners’ nonstandard work schedules were associated with mothers’ lower scores on measures of positive and involved parenting. These associations were mediated by fathers’ lower levels of participation in cognitively supportive parenting and greater imbalance in cognitively supportive tasks conducted by mothers versus fathers.