bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wood industry trade competitiveness of selected countries of Southeast Europe
Authors: Cvetanović Slobodan , Nikolić Miroljub , Cvetanović Dušan
Published: October 2019

The paper examines the trade competitiveness of the wood industry as a whole and some of its parts (Cork and wood, Cork and wood manufactures and Furniture and parts) of fi ve countries of South Eastern Europe (Serbia, Croatia, Bulgaria, Romania and Bosnia & Herzegovina) by using six indicators (Revealed Comparative Advantage – RCA, Index of Trade Performance – RCA2, Competitiveness Growth Index – RCA1, Michaely Index – MI, Index of Contribution to the Trade Balance – CTB and Grubel-Lloyd Index – GLI) in the period 2000-2015. On the basis of the results obtained, it was concluded that the wood industry of these countries observed as a whole has great export potential and that it significantly participates in their processing industry. The results of the survey show that companies from the wood industry viewed as a whole are competitive on the domestic market. However, this cannot be said of the international competitiveness of the timber industry of these countries. To be specific, the production of cork and wood from Bulgaria and Serbia, cork and wood manufactures excluding furniture from Bulgaria, Serbia and Croatia, as well as furniture and parts manufacturers from Bulgaria do not have a competitive advantage in the international market. By combining the values of six competitiveness indicators, it can be concluded that there is a statistically significant difference in the competitiveness of the wood industry of the countries observed. It can also be concluded that the degree of wood processing has a positive impact on their export competitiveness, this impact not being statistically significant, and that the level of finalization of production did not have a positive impact on the competitiveness of the wood industry of the selected countries of Southeastern Europe.
Estimating modulus of elasticity (MOE) of particleboards using artificial neural networks to reduce quality measurements and costs
Authors: Kurt Rıfat , Karayilmazlar Selman
Published: October 2019

There are a large number of costs that enterprises need to bear in order to produce the same product at the same quality for a more affordable price. For this reason, enterprises have to minimize their expenses through a couple of measures in order to offer the same product for a lower price by minimizing these costs. Today, quality control and measurements constitute one of the major cost items of enterprises. In this study, the modulus of elasticity values of particleboards were estimated by using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and other mechanical properties of particleboards in order to reduce the measurement costs in particleboard enterprises. In addition to that, the future values of modulus of elasticity were also estimated using the same variables with the purpose of monitoring the state of the process. For this purpose, data regarding the mechanical properties of the boards were randomly collected from the enterprise for three months. The sample size (n) was: 6 and the number of samples (m): 65 and a total of 65 average measurement values were obtained for each mechanical property. As a result of the implementation, the low Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) and Mean Squared Error (MSE) performance measures of the model clearly showed that some quality characteristics could easily be estimated by the enterprises without having to make any measurements by ANN.
Influence of natural surface ageing on bonding quality of thermally modified oak and beech wood
Authors: Živković Vjekoslav , Gabrek Gustav , Mihulja Goran
Published: October 2019

This paper presents the influence of natural surface ageing in indoor conditions on bonding quality of thermally modified wood used in structural laminated products. Two unmodified and thermally modified wood species were used for the experiment: oak and beech. Samples were planed and glued with MUF adhesive 2 hours, 1, 2, 6, 10, and 18 days after planing. Properties of laminated beech and oak beams, namely shear strength, delamination and contact angle, were measured in order to detect 1) suitability of wood species for lamination process and 2) influence of extended storage time after planing on properties of laminated wood. Generally, both native and thermally modified beech exhibited better results of shear strength and delamination and had lower contact angles compared to oak and thermally modified oak. Results of the delamination test (total delamination) indicate time dependence of surface ageing. Both unmodified and thermally modified beech may be successfully laminated at least up to 2 days after planing, whereas neither oak nor thermally modified oak are suitable for lamination process due to excessive delamination. Results of delamination may be related to contact angle measurements. Shear strength of glue lines did not show any influence on natural surface ageing. However, whereas beech and thermally modified beech samples exhibited almost the same values of the shear strength regardless of the duration of surface ageing, there is an obvious difference in shear strength of oak and thermally modified oak samples.
Evaluation of Selected Parameters of Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism in Children with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Brzęczek Maciej , Hyla-Klekot Lidia , Kokot Franciszek , Synder Marek
Published: October 2019

Background. The multifactor aetiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is commonly acknowledged. Both multivariate analyses of large study groups and the search for causes of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and its progression in individual patients indicate that the aetiopathogenesis of this disorder is remarkably complex. The discovery of novel bone turnover markers, such as Klotho protein and FGF-23, means that their role in this condition also has to be considered. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the FGF-23 and Klotho protein concentration profiles as new contributors to the regulation of calcium and phosphate metabolism in children with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and compare them with the values seen in healthy children.
Material and methods. The study assessed a total of 70 children, including 35 children treated at the postural defects clinic of the Health Care Facility in Oleśno following a diagnosis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and 35 healthy children who constituted a control group. The levels of classic bone turnover markers, such as calcium and phosphorus concentration, alkaline phosphatase, 25-OH-D, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) activity, and of newly discovered contributors to calcium and phosphate metabolism regulation, namely Klotho protein and FGF-23, were determined in both groups.
Results. There were statistically significant differences in the levels of basic parameters of calcium and phosphate metabolism between children with scoliosis and the control group, with scoliotic patients showing elevated calcium and 25-OH-D levels and reduced parathyroid hormone levels. Klotho protein levels in children with scoliosis were significantly lower than in the control group. Moreover, the scoliotic patients showed a marked trend towards higher FGF-23 levels as compared to the control group.
Conclusions. 1. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is characterised by multi-level abnormalities of calcium and phosphate metabolism. 2. The increased FGF-23 levels and reduced Klotho protein concentrations found in serum samples collected from children with ado­lescent idiopathic scoliosis may suggest that these hormones play a role in the aetiopathogenesis of the disorder.
Cultura Visual, hibridismo e a passividade da visão em tempos tecnológicos
Authors:   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Siebert Manuela Cristina
Published: October 2019

Neste artigo tenho a intenção de refletir sobre os hibridismos presentes no campo da Cultura Visual, tanto nas suas relações transdisciplinares quanto no contato com a tecnologia para a veiculação e criação das imagens. A passividade da visão é colocada como uma provocação para pensar sobre a relação entre as imagens que vemos e a nossa subjetividade, objetivando compreender essas relações não apenas através de um viés cultural e social, mas considerando que existem funções inerentes do cérebro humano que participam dessa rede de significações. O artigo aponta o ensino das Artes Visuais e da Cultura Visual como importante ferramenta para a reflexão a cerca das imagens e do próprio comportamento social na contemporaneidade.
Jasa penyerbukan serangga pengunjung bunga pada pertanaman stroberi di Ciwidey, Bandung
Authors: Masyitah Siti , Rauf Aunu , Maryana Nina , Kahono Sih
Published: October 2019

Stroberi (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) merupakan tanaman hortikultura yang penyerbukannya sebagian tergantung pada serangga. Studi dilaksanakan pada pertanaman stroberi di Ciwidey-Bandung, dengan tujuan untuk memperkirakan kontribusi dari serangga pengunjung bunga terhadap kesuksesan penyerbukan stroberi. Di dalam studi ini kontribusi tersebut dinilai dari kelimpahan spesies serangga pengunjung bunga dan durasi kunjungan pada bunga, serta efisiensi penyerbukan yang diukur dari jumlah akene yang berkembang, bobot, dan ukuran buah, serta waktu matang buah. Hasil studi menunjukkan terdapat empat spesies serangga pengunjung bunga stroberi yang paling umum dijumpai, yaitu dua lalat bunga Episyrphus balteatus (Deg.) (47,3%) dan Melanostoma sp. (33,8%); serta dua lebah Lasioglossum sp. (7,0%) dan Apis cerana Fabricius (5,3%). Durasi kunjungan pada setiap bunga oleh kelompok lalat bunga berlangsung 7,75–10,00 menit, sedangkan oleh kelompok lebah 0,25–0,79 menit. Buah stroberi yang berkembang dari bunga yang mendapat kunjungan tunggal oleh setiap spesies serangga menghasilkan buah dengan jumlah akene berkembang 1,6–1,8 kali lipat lebih banyak, bobot buah 1,8–2,3 kali lipat lebih berat, diameter buah 1,2–1,3 kali lipat lebih lebar, serta waktu matang buah 1–3 hari lebih singkat, dibandingkan dengan buah yang berasal dari bunga yang tidak dikunjungi serangga. Keberadaan lebah dan lalat bunga memberikan sumbangan yang penting terhadap penyerbukan pertanaman stroberi di Ciwidey. Temuan dari penelitian ini berimplikasi terhadap peningkatan hasil panen stroberi melalui pengelolaan serangga penyerbuk.
Pengaruh tipe penggunaan lahan dalam membentuk komunitas semut dan layanan ekosistem yang diberikan
Authors: Sholih Muhammad Badrus , Buchori Damayanti , Harahap Idham Sakti , Rizali Akhmad
Published: October 2019

Semut menyediakan berbagai layanan ekosistem, seperti predasi dan penguraian. Layanan ekosistem semut pada berbagai tipe penggunaan lahan dapat dipengaruhi oleh jenis-jenis semut yang dominan di wilayah tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari pengaruh tipe penggunaan lahan dalam membentuk komunitas semut dan layanan ekosistem yang diberikan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada empat tipe penggunaan lahan, yaitu hutan sekunder, hutan karet, perkebunan karet, dan perkebunan kelapa sawit di Jambi dari bulan April sampai Juni 2014. Pada setiap tipe penggunaan lahan dibuat empat plot berukuran 50 m x 50 m sebagai ulangan. Semut dikoleksi menggunakan metode pengumpanan dengan larva Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton) yang direkatkan pada piring plastik kemudian diletakkan di permukaan tanah dan batang pohon. Layanan ekosistem semut diukur dengan mengamati larva C. cephalonica yang berhasil diangkut oleh semut dalam waktu satu jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hutan sekunder memiliki jumlah spesies semut tertinggi dibandingkan dengan tipe penggunaan lahan lainnya. Tipe penggunaan lahan tidak berdampak pada jumlah spesies semut, namun berdampak pada komposisi spesies semut. Pengangkutan larva C. cephalonica terbanyak yang dilakukan oleh semut terjadi di hutan sekunder. Semut yang berperan penting dalam layanan ekosistem sebagai predator pada penelitian ini adalah Achantomyrmex sp. 01, Aenictus sp. 01, Carebara sp. 01,  dan Tetramorium sp. 02, Odontoponera denticulata, Tetramorium sp. 03 Crematogaster sp. 02. Anoplolepis gracilipes dan Rhoptromyrmex sp. 01.
Análise ergonômica dos postos de trabalho da linha de produção de placas de borracha sintética em uma fábrica de calçados
Authors: Silva Ivone Martins da , Oliveira Esdras Alex Freire de , Araújo Filho José Gonçalves de
Published: October 2019

Diante de uma economia globalizada, as empresas têm procurado acirradamente aumentar a produção e a qualidade de seus produtos, com custos cada vez menores, o que tem resultado na intensificação do trabalho e gerado condições laborais inadequadas. Nessa perspectiva, a presente pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar ergonomicamente os postos de trabalho que integra a linha de produção de placas de borracha sintética em uma fábrica de calçados, localizada na cidade de Juazeiro do Norte (CE). Metodologicamente, essa pesquisa possui abordagem descritiva-exploratória, qualitativa e quantitativa, no qual contemplou revisão bibliográfica e pesquisa de campo. O estudo estendeu-se aos seis postos de trabalho ao longo da linha de produção das placas de borrachas: pesagem; mistura; calandragem; resfriamento; vulcanização; e divisão. As visitas à fábrica se procederam por um minucioso acompanhamento do processo produtivo, onde foi realizado entrevistas com os trabalhadores e gestores. Após a avaliação dos postos de trabalho, ficou evidente que esses funcionários estão expostos a ambientes laborais ruidosos, quentes e com iluminação ineficiente, aliada a atividade repetitiva e intensa. Assim, algumas recomendações evidenciam os pontos a serem corrigidos pela empresa na célula de produção, com a finalidade de adequar o trabalho real às aptidões e limitações físicas do seu corpo de operários.
Utilização da taboa (typha domingensis) e papiro (cyperus papyrus) em leitos cultivados com efluente suíno originário da biodigestão anaeróbia e decantação
Authors: Fatobene Giovanni , Soto Francisco Rafael Martins , Rodrigues Ricardo Augusto , Aguiar Ana Carolina da Silva Vaz Curado de
Published: October 2019

A remoção biológica de nutrientes com a utilização de plantas aquáticas vem sendo utilizada para melhorar a qualidade das águas residuárias, principalmente as originárias da suinocultura. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar os parâmetros físico-químicos e microbiológicos do efluente suíno (ES) originário da biodigestão anaeróbia e decantação com a utilização de Taboa (Typha dominigensi) e Papiro (Cyperus papyrus) em leitos cultivados experimentais. Foram construídos quatro sistemas experimentais com duas repetições cada um, sendo: a) tratado (taboa), b) tratado (papiro), c) tratado (papiro e taboa), e, d) controle (somente o efluente). O ES teve um tempo de detenção hidráulica de sete dias abastecidos semanalmente. Foram avaliados os seguintes parâmetros físico-químicos: pH, sólidos totais (ST), nitrogênio total (NT) e fósforo total (FT). Foram também avaliados os parâmetros microbiológicos com a pesquisa de coliformes totais e termotolerantes. Os sistemas de cultivo de efluente suíno proveniente da biodigestão anaeróbia e decantação tratados com taboa (Typha domingensis) e papiro (Cyperus papirusI) não foi capaz de reduzir as bactérias do grupo coliforme total, as bactérias do grupo coliforme termotolerantes, apresentaram redução em todos os sistemas analisados. A variação de pH foi mínima, mantendo-se na faixa da alcalinidade, assim como os valores de sólidos totais.O nitrogênio total obteve redução significativa na primeira semana do experimento.Os valores de fósforo total apresentaram altas taxas de remoção, o papiro atuando sozinho apresentou melhor capacidade de assimilação deste nutriente.
Parâmetros físico químicos e microbiológicos de um sistema de compostagem de dejetos sólidos de suínos associado com resíduos de hortaliças
Authors: Costa Mayara Pereira Mendes , Soto Francisco Rafael Martins , Rodrigues Ricardo Augusto , Fatobene Giovanni
Published: October 2019

Tanto a suinocultura como a horticultura são atividades do agronegócio com alto potencial gerador de resíduos sólidos. Tal situação tem levado a um passivo ambiental crescente nas duas atividades. Resíduos que dificultam o processo natural de degradação, como as hortaliças, tornam necessárias associações para facilitar seu tratamento. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo geral avaliar os parâmetros físico químicos e microbiológicos de um sistema de compostagem de dejetos sólidos de suínos associado com resíduos de hortaliças. A pesquisa foi realizada na área experimental do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo - Campus São Roque, durante o período de 77 dias. Foi feito um tratamento com três repetições na forma de canteiros, onde foram investigadas bactérias do grupo coliforme com um total de 11 coletas em cada canteiro, com intervalo semanal, sendo a primeira coleta realizada no primeiro dia da implantação. Em relação aos parâmetros físico químicos, foram analisados temperatura, pH e relação carbono nitrogênio. Os resultados revelaram que o sistema de compostagem apesar de não apresentar fase termofílica, com aumento de temperatura, apresentou a redução de bactérias do grupo coliforme termotolerante, importante grupo de micro-organismos indicadores de qualidade ambiental. Entretanto, em relação as bactérias do grupo coliformes totais mantiveram-se os valores em 240 UFC/ml. O pH variou de levemente alcalino para ácido onde, por fim, voltou a se elevar na última semana. Quanto a relação carbono nitrogênio (RCN), o substrato inicial mostrou-se com valores acima do ideal para este tratamento. Porém, ao longo do processo foi observada grande redução nessa relação, mas que ainda não enquadra o composto nos resultados ideais para o tratamento utilizado.
A relevância da ludicidade diante da prática pedagógica na educação infantil
Authors: Moraes Vanessa Magnante de
Published: October 2019

O presente trabalho visa compreender melhor os fatores que estão direta e indiretamente ligados à importância da prática pedagógica da ludicidade na Educação Infantil. O lúdico é de suma importância na educação infantil, principalmente quando aliado aos jogos e brincadeiras, de maneira que exercitem a criança a pensar e se desenvolver melhor, tendo em vista que, além do aprendizado, o lúdico auxilia na criatividade, desenvolve questões sociais, trabalho em grupo, formação de caráter e personalidade. Nesse viés, busca-se compreender, também, as contribuições da recreação no desenvolvimento das habilidades motoras globais, atribuídas à educação e à formação do cidadão, proporcionando atividades lúdicas e prazerosas desde a Educação Infantil. As informações utilizadas foram obtidas e formalizadas através de pesquisas qualitativas, pois o tema está relacionado à compreensão de fatores que envolvem comportamentos, expectativas, opiniões e resultados. Apesar de o assunto ser muito comum nos dias atuais e discutido de diversas formas por professores, gestores, pais de alunos e interessados, é necessário ter um embasamento através de conhecimentos confirmados por pesquisadores que abordam o assunto de uma maneira mais ampla, clara e objetiva. A ludicidade na Educação Infantil pode ser alcançada de diversas formas, e trabalhada junto a outros fatores importantes, também. Portanto, as informações que deram forma ao conteúdo do trabalho foram utilizadas com o intuito de tratar da importância dos momentos recreativos e lúdicos na educação infantil de forma responsável.
The Son of Pharnabazos and Parapita, a Persian Competing in the Olympic Games: Xenophon Hellenica 4.1.39-40
Authors: Roy James
Published: October 2019

This article seeks to develop, with some significant change, the arguments put forward by Bresson to show that a Persian boy, the son of Pharnabazos, was allowed to compete in the Olympic Games. It is argued that at Olympia his admission was supported by his older Spartan lover, himself an Olympic athlete, and by the Spartan king Agesilaos who acted as the boy’s guardian. These arguments support the view recently advanced by Nielsen and, at greater length, by Remijsen that non-Greeks were not excluded from competing in the Olympic Games
Análisis de la evolución de la línea de costa entre Alcossebre y Orpesa a partir de fotografía aérea (1956-2015)
Authors: Pardo-Pascual J. E. , Roca Moya R. , Segura-Beltran F.
Published: October 2019

El artículo presenta un análisis de la evolución de la línea de costa entre Alcossebre y Orpesa, a partir de fotografías aéreas y ortofotografías, entre 1956 y 2015. la digitialización de 12 líneas de costa ha permitido calcular los cambios netos y máximos, así como la tasa de cambio entre los difetentes años. Los resultados muestran una costa recesiva, con una gran variabilidad espacio-temporal. Conviven sectores con cin crecimiento sostenido provocado por la acción antrópica (deriva arriba de los espigones y regeneraciones de playa) o causas naturales (prominencias costeras) con otros claramente erosivos (deriva abajo de espigones). Además, el análisis de las isobatas del estran sumergido, ha permitido explicar cómo la configuración de este espacio puede incrementar o frenar la erosión. Los temporales son los responsables de los grandes cambios, mientras que el déficit hidrosedimentario de los ríos a lo largo del siglo XX, subyace como causa última del comportamiento erosivo del área de estudio, tendencia que ya se manifestaba antes de la aparición de la acción antrópica. Así, la fotografía aérea, a pesar de su baja resolución temporal, compensa este déficit con la amplitud de sus series, lo que permite conocer el comportamiento de la línea de costa en un momento en el que la presión antrópica sobre la costa era baja.
Gestión, transformación y desaparición del arrozal al norte de la ciudad de València (1767-1976)
Authors: Sales Vicent , Ortega-Reig Mar Violeta , Palau Salvador Guillermo
Published: October 2019

Hasta los años 70 del siglo XX, existieron espacios al Norte de la ciudad de Valencia con importantes zonas dedicadas al cultivo del arroz con una gestión de los recursos hídricos diferenciada claramente de las zonas de huerta, funcionando como territorios hidrosociales. El proceso de reubicación de las industrias de Valencia, la apertura de los nuevos accesos a la ciudad y el auge de la segunda residencia en la costa, contribuyeron a una rápida desaparición del arrozal.
KOMPARATIVNA ANALIZA ERP SISTEMA OTVORENOG KODA
Authors: Maljković Dragana , Pantelić Ognjen
Published: October 2019

U radu će biti izvršena komparativna analiza vodećih ERP sistema otvorenog koda. Na početku će biti opisan pojam ERP sistema otvorenog koda, prednosti i nedostaci u odnosu na vlasničke ERP sisteme sa aspekta fleksibilnosti, cene proizvoda, troškova održavanja i korisničke podrške. Biće izvršena analiza faktora koji imaju uticaj na opredeljenje za ERP sisteme otvorenog koda i komparacija četiri rešenja - Compiere, ADempiere, Odoo i Openbravo. Za svaki od njih biće prikazane funkcionalnosti, korišćene tehnologije, prednosti i nedostaci upotrebe. Nakonprikaza svakog od rešenja biće izvršeno njihovo poređenje po različitim kriterijumima sa ciljem olakšavanja procesa odlučivanja i odabira optimalnog ERP sistema. Neki od kriterijuma poređenja biće funkcionalnosti, korišćena tehnologija, cena proizvoda, troškovi održavanja, korisnička podrška i kastomizacija. Na kraju rada biće iznet zaključak kao sumarni rezultat istraživanja.
PRIMJENA IoT RJEŠENJA ZA UPRAVLJANJE PAMETNIM ZGRADAMA
Authors: Salapura Saša
Published: October 2019

Primjena pametnih IoT (Internet of Things) rješenja u gradovima i stambenim ili poslovnim objektima ali i u ruralnim i zabačenim područjima je u stalnom porastu i dolazi do sve većeg izražaja. Proces digitalizacije u svim sferama društva napreduje uz primjenu pametnih rješenja kontinuiranim umrežavanjem uređaja, informacija i ljudi uz razvoj tehnologije koja to omogućava na jednostavan način, toliko jednostavan da će postojanje i upotreba IoTbiti podrazumijevana kao električna energija ili televizija. U ovom radu je analiziran sistem upravljanja pametnim zgradama, za prikazan princip rada bez izričitog izbora tehnologije. Izbor tehnologije i platforme najviše zavisi od obima projekta i planiranih sredstava: velike kompanije mogu ostvariti veće uštede, ali će i investicija biti veća, dok male firme i privatna lica imaju ograničen budžet te su im bliža amaterska rješenja.
INSTITUCIONALNA RACIONALNOST KAO SAVREMENA ALTERNATIVA EKONOMSKE NAUKE I PRAKSE
Authors: Ivić Mladen , Delibašić Milica , Jovović Nebojša
Published: October 2019

Predmet rada je razmatranje evolucije teorijskih pristupa ekonomskoj racionalnosti, kao ključnog principa ekonomskog izbora u ekonomskoj nauci. Cilj rada je da istakne značaj i dominaciju institucionalnog (postracionalnog) ponašanja u savremenoj ekonomskoj nauci i objasni osnovne razloge za prednje. Korišćenjem metoda apstrakcije, indukcije, dedukcije, deskriptivne analize i komparacije, u radu se pokušava dokazatihipoteza da je institucionalni pluralizam dominantan i jedini mogući savremeni razvojni princip, koji preporučuju neoinstitucionalne ekonomske teorije (NET), a dokazuje praksa svih ekonomski razvijenih država, u kojima nema mjesta za bilo kakve monističke improvizacije (tipa neoliberalizma, dirižizma i sl.).U zaljučku se naglašava začaj institucionalnog pluralizma za društveni i ekonomski razvoj.
Spatial concept of organization of coastal areas of the Temernik River
Authors: Sadkovskaya Oxana
Published: October 2019

This article is prepared on the basis of results obtained from the scientific research “Formation of the universal concept of development of coastal areas of the Temernik River in Rostov-On-Don” conducted by the Scientific Research and Design Institute of Urban Planning in accordance with state task of Ministry of Construction Industry, Housing and Utilities Sector of Rostov Oblast for executing the applied scientific research; as well as summarizes a number of projects and publications dedicated to the topic of rehabilitation of the Temernik River. Degradation of the small lowland river Temernik as a consequence of the development of the city Rostov-On-Don negatively affects not only the urban ecology, but also the image of riverine areas, which gradually led to “rejection” of the urban fabric from the river. In terms of the constant compaction of urban fabric and increasing deficiency of pedestrian spaces, rehabilitation of the Temernik River valley manifests as a possibility of a new stage of development of the urban infrastructure. In the course of studying the riverine areas, the author assess three indicators: access, populace, and landscape. The author develops visual triangle-based diagrams, where on three of its axes are plotted the approximate values of the aforementioned indicators. The analysis of the diagrams allows determining the boundaries of areas, which can be potentially transform into the public recreation spaces. The author proposes the approach towards examination of the Temernik River valley; carries out differentiation of coastal areas; outlines the territories that hold potential of being transformed to the public recreation spaces; develops the pattern of organization of public recreation spaces formed within the coastal area of the Temernik River, taking into account the implementation of eco technologies and cognitive approach towards designing urban spaces. The formation of hybrid spaces, which are able to integrate eco technologies, landscape, pedestrian spaces, infrastructure, and others underlie the creation of spatial concept of coastal areas of the Temernik River.
El conocimiento teológico. Desafíos en la encrucijada del tiempo
Authors: Caamaño José Carlos
Published: October 2019

Neste texto, o autor apresenta alguns caminhos para abordar o conhecimento teológico com os traços testemunhais que exige o nosso tempo. A partir de uma compreensão da verdade que vive da tensão entre permanência e evolução, aberto a um fundamento trinitário e olhando o tecido cristológico e temporal daquilo que a teologia é convocada a realizar como seu trabalho, oferece-nos alguns horizontes ao pensamento. Perante a permanente tentação de elaborar um discurso teológico, no qual subordinamos a revelação à palavra humana, assumindo como nossa tarefa a construção de estruturas dialéticas de poder, encerra esta colaboração com sugestões sobre os desafios da inteligência da fé.
Resistencia a la meticilina y producción de biopelícula en aislamientos clínicos de Staphylococcus aureus y Staphylococcus coagulasa negativa en México
Authors: García Ayerim , Martínez Carlos , Juárez Rosa Isela , Téllez René , Paredes Marco Antonio , Herrera María del Rocío , Giono Silvia
Published: October 2019

Introducción. Las infecciones por Staphylococcus aureus y Staphylococcus coagulasa negativa multirresistentes a los antibióticos y asociadas con la atención en salud tienen un gran impacto epidemiológico por su alta morbimortalidad; además, se han relacionado con la formación de biopelículas, lo cual también se asocia con la resistencia a los antimicrobianos.Objetivo. Determinar la resistencia a la meticilina y cuantificar la producción de biopelículas para establecer su posible relación con los aislamientos clínicos de S. aureus y Staphylococcus coagulasa negativa.Materiales y métodos. Se estudiaron 11 cepas de S. aureus y 12 de Staphylococcus coagulasa negativa. La resistencia a la meticilina se determinó con discos de cefoxitina tomando como valores de referencia los estándares del Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) de 2018. La producción de biopelícula se cuantificó con cristal violeta. Los genes mecA e icaADBC se identificaron mediante reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR), y se hizo un análisis bivariado con la prueba de ji al cuadrado y el coeficiente V de Cramér, utilizando el programa SPSS™, versión 20.0.Resultados. Nueve cepas de S. aureus fueron resistentes a la meticilina (SARM) y dos fueron sensibles. Ocho cepas de Staphylococcus coagulasa negativa fueron resistentes y cuatro fueron sensibles. El genotipo mecA se encontró en ocho de las nueve cepas de S. aureus y en seis de las ocho de Staphylococcus coagulasa negativa resistentes a meticilina. Todas las cepas formaron biopelícula. Diez cepas de S. aureus y 11 de Staphylococcus coagulasa negativa presentaron el genotipo icaADCB. No se encontró asociación entre la resistencia a meticilina y la formación de biopelícula. Conclusiones. La cefoxitina es suficiente para determinar el fenotipo resistente a meticilina y se asoció con el genotipo mecA. Las cepas resistentes a la meticilina y poseedoras del gen mecA pueden presentar un mecanismo de resistencia alterno. Los dos grupos de cepas formadoras de biopelícula se relacionaron con la presencia del operón icaADCB. La formación de biopelícula y la resistencia a la meticilina se expresaron como características independientes en los dos grupos de cepas.
Síntomas subagudos y crónicos de la fiebre de chikungunya en un grupo de personas adultas en Ibagué, Colombia
Authors: Sánchez Juan Sebastián , Cañón Ana María , Lombo Jadith Cristina
Published: October 2019

Introducción. La fiebre de chikungunya en Colombia ocasiona una alerta en salud pública que se extiende en el tiempo, dadas las características subagudas y crónicas de la enfermedad.Objetivo. Describir los síntomas subagudos y crónicos en personas mayores de 18 años con fiebre de chikungunya en Ibagué, Colombia.Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio descriptivo con muestreo en bola de nieve de 368 adultos de todas las comunas de Ibagué que presentaban síntomas de la fiebre de chikungunya de más de 12 días de duración.Resultados. Las articulaciones que presentaban dolor en la fase subaguda y crónica de la enfermedad fueron las de manos (84,2 %), rodillas (72,8 %) y tobillos (69,3 %); además de las articulaciones, la planta de los pies fue el sitio en que más frecuentemente se presentó dolor (48,8 %). El dolor articular en manos (p=0,017) y tobillos (p=0,001) y el dolor en la planta de los pies (p=0,002) fueron significativos en las mujeres. La fatiga o el cansancio generalizado se presentaron en el 58,9 % de las personas y se prolongó por más de un año en el 2,4 % de ellas.Conclusiones. Los síntomas de la fase subaguda y crónica de la fiebre de chikungunya coincidieron con los descritos en la literatura médica, su duración se extendió hasta por un año o más en algunos de los casos y su intensidad disminuyó con el tiempo. Los síntomas referidos fueron más comunes en las mujeres que en los hombre
An Overview of Knowledge Level of the Farmers about Recommended Cultural Practices for Vegetable Production in North India
Authors: Kaur Simarjit , Singh Gurvinder
Published: October 2019

Vegetables are more valuable due to the presence of important mineral, vitamins, carbohydrates, iron protein and other important body nutrients in these. Vegetables play an important role in our daily diet. Vegetables promote our body growth and development and also protect our body from various disease and deficiencies. We all know about the importance of vegetable but knowledge levels of the farmers about vegetable production are still very low. During the surveying of literature on the knowledge level of the farmers about recommended cultural practices for vegetable production studied that majority of farmers had a medium level of knowledge followed by the low level of knowledge. Only a few farmers had a high level of knowledge about recommended cultural practices for vegetable production.
Agronomic Management Strategies for Yield-Scaled Global Warming Potential under Rice-Wheat Cropping System
Authors: Choudhury Suborna Roy , Das Anupam , Gupta S. K. , . Seema , Sharma R. P. , Pathak S. K.
Published: October 2019

Greenhouse gas emissions have an indirect impact on crop production and are primary sources of the global warming. A field experiment was carried out to examine the effect of management practice (i.e. culmination of tillage and nutrient management) on GHGs emission and its subsequent effect on agronomic productivity and subsequent impact on global warming. There were three different crop establishment methods as main plot treatments: M1 (Rice: SRI, Wheat: Conventional tillage), M2 (Rice: Transplanted Puddle rice, Wheat: Conventional tillage + 30% residue incorporation), M3 (Rice: DSR, Wheat: Zero tillage + 30% residue retention) and four nutrient management as sub plot treatments viz. S1(100% of Recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) through inorganic sources), S2 (75% of RDF through inorganic sources + 25% N of RDF through organic sources), S3 (50% of RDF through inorganic sources + 50% N of RDF through organic sources), S4 (S1 + mung bean as green-manure). After conducting three year of experiment (2013-2016), it has been found that the DSR emitted lower CH4 (1.39 mg m-2 hr-1), CO2 (0.57 mg m-2 hr-1) and N2O (0.36 mg m-2 hr-1) at the maximum tillering stage of rice. The same trend was followed under zero tillage with30% residue retention in wheat with lower emission range of all three gases i.e. 0.95, 1.29 and 0.58 mg m-2 hr-1 respectively. Lowest emission of CH4 and CO2 with the values of 1.87 and 1.24 mg m-2 hr-1 respectively from rice and 1.57 and 3.23 mg m-2 hr-1 from wheat was observed under 100% RDF through inorganic fertilization, whereas, N2O emission was just reverse to emission pattern of CH4 and CO2. Crop establishment through minimum soil disturbance with residue retention under rice- wheat cropping sequence along with 100% RDF through mineral fertiliser along with green manure could be one of the stable agronomic strategies under lower GHGs emission scenarios.
Effect of Residue Management on Yield and Economics of Pearlmillet Based Cropping Systems under Rainfed Conditions
Authors: Singh Raj , Singh V. K. , Singh Y. P. , Sarker A.
Published: October 2019

This study was aimed to investigate the effects of residue management on yield and economics of pearlmillet based cropping systems in rainfed condition at Indian Agricultural research Institute, New Delhi. Field experiments were conducted during kharif and rabi seasons of 2017-18 and 2018-19 using the pearlmillet variety ‘Pusa Composite 443. The application of residue as mulch resulted in 16.94 and 8.97% increase in CEY over conventional tillage and residue as standing retention, respectively. Highest net returns of Rs. 56537/ha was obtained with Pearlmillet-chickpea cropping systems followed by Rs. 42429/ha with pearlmillet-barley. Pearlmillet-chickpea cropping systems was observed more productive, remunerative and resource efficient cropping systems in rainfed conditions.
Impact of Open Crop Residue Burning and Alternate Options for Mitigation: A Review
Authors: Gupta Sanjeev Kumar , Kohli Anshuman , Choudhury S. Roy , Dutta S. K. , Pathak S. K. , Sohane R. K. , Sharma R. P.
Published: October 2019

Burning of crop residues in field include unavailability of labour, high cost in residue removing process and use of combined in rice-wheat cropping system especially in the Indo-Gangetic plains (IGP). Primary crop types whose residues are typically burned include rice, wheat, maize, millet, sugarcane, jute, rapeseed-mustard and groundnut. Farmers in northwest India dispose a large part of rice straw by burning in situ. The ‘rice-wheat cropping system’ is the dominant cropping system in South Asia [1]. This system involves growing rice and wheat in rotation throughout the year where rice and wheat is either grown in the same plot in the same year or in different plots in the same year or in the same plot in different years. Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh and Himachal Pradesh have the largest areas under this system among the Indian states. Approximately 500-550 Mt of crop residues are produced per year in the country. With a production of 93.9 million tons (Mt) of wheat, 104.6 Mt of rice, 21.6 Mt of maize, 20.7 Mt of millets, 357.7 Mt of sugarcane, 8.1 Mt of fibre crops (jute, mesta, cotton), 17.2 Mt of pulses and 30.0 Mt of oilseeds crops, in the year 2011-12. Emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide causing global warming, loss of plant nutrients such as N, P, K and S, adverse impacts on soil properties and  wastage of valuable C and energy rich residues. Black carbon emissions are the second largest contributors to current global warming, after carbon dioxide emissions [2]. Using IPCC emission coefficients, the CH4 released from this source was found to be about 167 Gg [3]. Agricultural crop residues are burnt during the months of October and November every year in the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGPs) in huge quantities which has a significant impact on greenhouse gas emissions and aerosol loading [4]. In the IGP region of India, 12 million hectares is accounted for rice-wheat crop rotation and harvesting of these crops with combine harvesters is very popular with the farmers of Punjab, Haryana and western Uttar Pradesh [4]. Crop residue management is one of the best options for maintaining the ecological sustainability of farms. There are several options which can be practiced such as composting, generation of energy, production of biofuel, mulching, baling, biochar production and recycling in soil to manage the residues in a productive manner. Conservation agriculture (CA) offers a good promise in using these residues for improving soil health, increasing productivity, reducing pollution and enhancing sustainability and resilience of agriculture.
Impact of Conservation Tillage with Residue Retention on Soil Physico-Properties and Yield of Rice and Wheat under Rice-wheat Cropping System
Authors: . Seema , Choudhury S. R. , Prasad Shambhu , Pathak S. K.
Published: October 2019

A field experiment entitled “Impact of conservation tillage with residue retention on soil physico-properties and yield of rice and wheat under rice-wheat cropping system” was conducted at Norman E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre of G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar during kharif and rabi of 2012-13 and 2013-14 to observe the effect of conservation tillage and recycling of left over previous year crop residue as mulch in spite of burning on crop yield and on soil health under intensive rice-wheat cropping system. The data obtained from two years of experimentation revealed that higher grain yield of rice (5.23 t/ha) was recorded under conventional direct seeding while in case of wheat maximum grain yield (4.25 t/ha) was observed under zero tillage along with retention of residues than other tillage practices. Similarly in case of soil properties, crop residue retention on surface during winter modified the temperature of soil favourable for wheat root growth. Conservation tillage along with residue also improved the soil nutrient status like soil carbon nitrogen ratio (12.9) well as micronutrient status during the course of investigation.
Direct Seeded Rice: An Emerging Resource Saving Production Technology of Rice in Bhagalpur District (Bihar)
Authors: Mauriya A. K. , Kumar Vinod , Kumar Pankaj , Singh R. N. , Sohane R. K.
Published: October 2019

The study was carried out at the farmer fields during Kharif season (2015-16 to 2017-18) in seven villages of four blocks of district Bhagalpur, Bihar. All 54 demonstrations on rice crop were demonstrated in 29 ha area by the active participation of farmers with the objective to show and popularize the improved technologies of rice production (Direct Seeded Rice-DSR) potential developed at Bihar Agricultural University Sabour, Bhagalpur (Bihar). Specifically it examines the changes in farmers’ inputs (labour and materials) and level of productivity and incomes between direct-seeded rice (DSR) and traditionally transplanted rice (TPR) and finally measures the economic return on investment in direct seeding. Analyses included comparison of means of all inputs, cost and return and economic surplus framework. Results revealed that the average yield of all farmers under DSR was 2.60% lower than TPR. However, on comparing the  cost of cultivation of DSR farmers with TPR farmers, it was observed that the DSR farmer had (a) higher expenditures on herbicides; (b) lower expenses on fertilizer, fuel, and rent cost for land preparation and (c) lower labour costs for seedbed preparation and care, crop establishment and fertilizer application. In this way the sum of the total cost of cultivation in DSR was reduced by Rs. 8941 /ha than TPR. DSR also recorded the maximum net return (Rs. 42857/ha) and benefit: Cost ratio (2.95).

On the basis of above findings it may be concluded that the DSR method of rice cultivation is more economical than TPR as it reduced the cost of cultivation by  37.9% and gave maximum net return as well as benefit cost ratio.
Government Induced Programmes to Mitigate Rural-Urban Migration under Climate Change Dynamics
Authors: Divakar Shashikant , Panda Chandan Kumar , Paswan Anil
Published: October 2019

Climate change has much impact on regular drought and flood conditions of India, in result it influence agriculture. Agriculture is major means of livelihood and nearly 80 per cent of rural population of India depend on it.  But this profession is not being sustainable for the livelihood because of regular flood and drought situation which results in migration of rural youth. Some main causes of migration of the rural youth to the urban areas are lack of economic incentives coupled with other factors like less opportunities for employment and lack of infrastructure for education. Human population can migrate as both interstate as well as intrastate for establishing a new permanent or semi- permanent residence. During 2001 census the total number of migrants was 314 million by the last residence. Out of which 85% of the migration was intrastate. While 13% of migration was residences interstate. About 20 million people had migrated from rural areas to urban areas.
Response of Drought Tolerant Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Varieties under Various Methods of Establishment in Drought-prone Condition of Bihar
Authors: Singh Rajeev , Kumar Ravi Ranjan , . Nityanand , Sohane R. K. , Singh Anjani Kumar , Singh R. N. , Mandal Devendra
Published: October 2019

A field experiment was conducted at Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Aurangabad and in farmers’ field during rainy seasons of 2013, 2014 and 2015, to Performance of drought tolerant rice varieties under various methods of stand establishment in rainfed drought-prone condition of Bihar. Experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with 3 methods of establishment i.e. broad coasting, direct seeded rice (DSR), and transplanted rice (TPR), and two varieties viz. Sahbhagiedhan, SushkeSamrat in a total of 5 replications including four at KVK, Aurangabad and one at farmers’ field during three years. Direct seeding of rice (DSR) with ZTD machine produced significantly higher plant height, number of tillers/m2, panicles/m2, grains/panicle, filled grains/panicle. However panicle length and Panicle weight were recorded maximum with   to transplanting method over Direct seeded rice with ZTD machine and broad coasting. 1000grain weight was recorded significantly maximum with Direct seeded rice with ZTD machine and transplantinh over broad coasting. Direct seed produced 7.60% and 30.95% more yield in 2014, 7.88% and 32.10% more yield in 2014 and 12.00% and 30.23% more yield in 2016 over transplanted and broad coasting rice, respectively. Net return and benefit-cost ratio were also significantly higher in direct seeded rice with ZTD machine than transplanted rice and broad coasting of rice. Amongst the varieties of rice, Sushk Samrat produced significantly higher yield attributes viz., tillers/m2, panicles/m2, grains/panicle, filled grains/panicle and 1000-grain weight, and subsequently produced grain yield higher by 13.42 in 2014, 10.10% in 2015 and by 7.03% in 2016 over Sahbhagie dhan. Net return and benefit-cost ratio were also recorded significantly higher with Sushk Samrat than Sahbhagiedhan.
Economic and Environmental Performace of Straw Baler for Collection of Rice Residue Generated after Mechanical Harvesting by Combine Harvester
Authors: Pal Ram , Kumar Ratan , Jalal R. K. , Kumar Ajay
Published: October 2019

The study aims to determine the economic and environmental performace of Straw Baler for collection of rice residue generated after mechanical harvesting by combine harvester. Increased mechanization, particularly use of combine, declining number of livestock, long period required for composting and no economically viable alternate use of crop residues are some of the reasons for open field burning of crop residue after harvesting of paddy crop for cleaning of field to sow wheat crop without chocking the conventional zero-till machine in field. This study was conducted at KVK, Rohtas farm Dhangain in year 2013-14 with baler Model 338 of John Deere make, tractor of Zetor model and hydraulic trailer. Straw baler facilitated in collection of paddy straw of 43.6 quintal/ha at cost of just Rs. 1650, which promotes animal rearing, compost/vermicompost production, power generation, bio-gas production, bio-char production, mushroom production, ehtenoal production, mulching in high value crops for stress mitigation. Promotion of straw baler may facilitates in setting up of fodder bank at large scale which may be used in case of natural extemities i.e. flood or drought for feeding animal population.