bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Biomarkers Associated with CD8+ T cells in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis on LUSC Immune Infiltration and Construction of CeRNA
Authors: Zhao Xiaowan , Hu Yuqi , Cui Ai
Published: May 2023

Background:
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has an insidious onset, no apparent symptoms in the early stage, and is easily combined with lung cancer in the late stage with a poor prognosis. Previous studies have found an overlap between the pathogenesis of IPF and lung cancer (LC), and immune infiltration plays an essential role in the development. But there are still no immune-related markers associated with IPF that have an impact on lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) tumor infiltration.
Methods:
The IPF-related datasets GSE53845, GSE107797, and GSE110147 were acquired from the GEO database. WGCNA analyses of the GSE53845 dataset to identify the most relevant modules and candidate hub genes associated with CD8+ T cells. GO and KEGG analysis were performed on all genes within the module. Next, GSE107797 and GSE110147 were used to verify the relationship between candidate hub genes and CD8+ T cells to identify hub genes. The TIMER database was used to analyze the relationship between hub genes and CD8+ T cells in different cancers. UALCAN was used for the pan-cancer analysis of hub genes. And the mRNA expression levels, prognosis, and gene interrelationships of hub genes in LUSC i dentified by GEPIA, TIMER, TarBase v8, OncoLnc, and starBase to construct a ceRNA regulatory network. The role of hub gene expression in tumor immune infiltration was studied using the TIMER and GEPIA. Finally, we performed single-gene GSEA analysis of the hub genes, methylation analysis of the hub genes using the DiseaseMeth database, and protein expression analysis of the hub gene determined by the Human Protein Analysis (HPA) online database.
Results:
WGCNA identified the pink module as the most relevant module for CD8+ T cells and selected seven candidate hub genes. GO analysis and KEGG analysis further validated the IPF and immune correlation. Three hub genes (CCL5, CXorf65, and RASAL3) significantly associated with CD8+ T cells were validated and identified using the GSE107797 and GSE110147 datasets. Hub genes were positively associated with CD8+ T cells in various cancers. In the pan-cancer analysis, low expression of CXorf65 and RASAL3 was associated with poor prognosis in LUSC. In addition, we found that CXorf65 and RASAL3 were significantly and positively correlated with LUSC immune infiltration, immune cell biomarkers and immune checkpoint expression. We successfully constructed the ceRNA network of CXorf65 and RASAL3. CXorf65, RASAL3 methylation levels, and protein expression levels differed in LUSC and normal tissues. Single-gene GSEA analysis further confirmed the involvement of CXorf65 and RASAL3 in multiple immune responses.
Conclusion:
CXorf65 and RASAL3 were significantly associated with CD8+ T cells in IPF and play an impact on LUSC Immune infiltration.
Effect of nutrition education intervention to improve dietary practice and nutritional status among the elderly in Ilu Aba Bor Zone, Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Eneshi Muluneh Shuremu , Abate Kalkidan Hassen , Lema Tefera Belachew
Published: May 2023

Background: As the world’s aging population grows, nutrition and health issues are becoming a major concern. Malnutrition in the elderly is associated with both short- and long-term negative health outcomes. Theory-based nutritional education helps diminish the challenges related to aging among the elderly.
Objectives: The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of nutrition education intervention on dietary practice and the nutritional status of the elderly.
Study design: A Cluster randomized controlled trial.
Methods: A pretest−posttest cluster randomized controlled trial mediated by social cognitive theory was conducted among 720 elderly selected from two urban and 12 semi-urban areas of Illu Aba Bor zone, southwest Ethiopia from December 1,2021 to May 30,2021. A pre‐tested, structured interviewer‐administered questionnaire was used for data collection. A qualitative 24‐h dietary recall was used to assess dietary diversity, and the Mini nutritional assessment (MNA) tool was used to assess nutritional status. The intervention effect was evaluated using difference‐in‐ difference and generalized estimating equation models.
Results: The mean dietary diversity score differed significantly between the intervention group and the control group (p<0.001). According to the multivariable generalized estimating equations model, the intervention group was 7.7 times (AOR = 7.746, 95% CI: 5.012, 11.973) more likely to consume a diverse diet than the control group. The nutrition status of elderly in the intervention group improved significantly at the end of the intervention (p < 0.001).
Conclusions: This study showed that theory based nutrition education intervention was effective in improving the dietary diversity practice and nutritional status of the elderly. The researchers recommend that more social cognitive-based interventional studies on other behavioral, socio-cultural and environmental aspects of the elderly's dietary diversity behavior be conducted.
Role of Mono- (Ag, Fe) and Bi- (Ag-Fe) metallic nanoparticles on EMI shielding and antimicrobial activity of PVA/ PVP blends - A green approach
Authors: Ramisetti Praveen , Dumpala Madhuri , Danikonda Suresh Kumar , Nampally Bikshamaiah , Katakam Madhukar
Published: May 2023

Plant-mediated solution casting is used to develop eco-friendly biopolymer blend nanocomposites from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) embedded with Silver (Ag), Ferrous (Fe) monometallic and Silver-Ferrous (Ag-Fe) bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs). These nanocomposites were developed to understand their EMI shielding efficiency and antimicrobial activities, besides evaluating their physical and chemical properties using XRD, FTIR, FESEM, and EDX characterization techniques. The XRD spectra, revealed that the incorporation of nanoparticles into the blend has resulted in reduction the crystalline nature, significantly. For A3F3 it is reduced from 0.38 to 0.24. The results from FESEM, EDAX and the X-ray diffraction, all corroborate the presence of nanoparticles. The TGA tests reveal that the thermal stability of bimetallic composites is greater than that of monometallic composites, with sample A4F2 showing great improvement. The UTM study of mechanical characteristics showed that the addition of nanoparticles to the polymer matrix increased its mechanical strength. Among all nanocomposites, the A5F1 composite has shown higher tensile stress of 85.5 MPa and Young’s modulus of 7579.7 MPa. We examined its efficacy against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans as microorganisms. Good antibacterial and antifungal activity was observed. The bimetallic composites demonstrated greater activity than monometallic composites against these bacterial and fungal species. All bimetallic nanocomposites have shown superior, loss due to reflection, loss due to absorption and the total EMI shielding efficiency at X- and Ku- bands. The samples A5F1 and A4F2, shown highest value of total EMI shielding efficiency of 18 and 32 dB at 8 and 16 GHz respectively. Enhanced antimicrobial, EMI shielding efficiency along with their physical properties, makes these nanocomposites suitable for food and medical packaging, coatings and EMI shielding applications.
Bioinformatics-based approach to construct a ceRNA network between periodontitis and hereditary gingival fibroplasia
Authors: li Shanshan , Li Ningli , Ma Jingyuan , Zhai Yuankun
Published: May 2023

Background Hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) is a rare, hereditary oral disease that would cover the crown of teeth, resulting in tooth migration, abnormal occlusion, or psychological issues, mostly seen in children and adolescents. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory illness that may lead to bone and tooth loss. While HGF patients with periodontitis often have severe clinical outcomes, its pathogenesis is not fully understood. This study was to construct a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network between HGF and periodontitis using a bioinformatics approach, in order to explore the pathogenesis of these two co-existence diseases.Methods Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database between HGF and periodontitis. The Search Tool for Interacting Genes (STRING) database was used to retrieve functional intersection parts between overlapping DEGs for constructing the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. To build a ceRNA network, 6 databases were used to predict the microRNAs(miRNAs) for the above-mentioned top 5 key genes by using R software, and StarBase (v2.0) database was then predicted to acquire the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that interact with the aforementioned differentially expressed miRNAs.Results 40 intersecting genes were identified through differential expression analysis and the top 5 key targets, including IL6, FLG2, LOR, KRT2, and LCE2B, were recognized as core targets between HGF and periodontitis from the PPI network. A ceRNA network was constructed with 3 mRNAs (IL6, FLG2, and KRT2), 3 miRNAs (hsa-miR-149-5p, hsa-miR-760, and hsa-miR-376c-3p), and 4 lncRNAs (KCNQ1OT1, NEAT1, HELLPAR, LRRC75A-AS1).Conclusion Current results are obtained by bioinformatics approaches, although its accuracy still needs verification by follow-up biological experiments, this novel ceRNA network may help us to reveal the correlation between HGF and periodontitis deeply, provide diagnosis molecular markers, and develop new therapeutic options for patients with HGF and periodontitis in near future.
HAT1 participates in spermatogenesis of Eriocheir sinensis by regulating chromatin aggregation
Authors: Liu Huiting , Tang Yulian , Sun Lishuang , Li Shu , Luo Lvjing , Chen Zhengyu , Li Genliang
Published: May 2023

Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis, is a decapod crustacean with a special, non-condensated nucleus in the sperm. Studies has shown that this is closely related to histone modification. To explore the possible role of histone acetyltransferase 1 (HAT1) in the non-condensation mechanism of sperm nucleus and the spermatogenesis of E. sinensis, we took the testis tissues of adult and juvenile crabs as the objects of study and analyzed their biological functions by whole transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics, then further analyzed the expression and distribution of HAT1 through RT-qRCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence. The results showed that HAT1 was up-regulated in adult testes compared with in the juvenile ones (n = 3, P < 0.05). Besides, HAT1 was mainly located in the nucleus of the male germ cell of E. sinensis. With the development of spermatogonia, the expression of HAT1 decreased (n = 3, P < 0.05), and the sperm nucleus of E. sinensis also gradually become non-condensed. Bioinformatics analysis shows that HAT1 and proteins such as Asf1b, Chaf1b and Hist1h3f are involved in biological processes such as DNA conformational changes and DNA replication-dependent nucleosome assembly. It follows that HAT1 is an important regulator of maintaining histone acetylation at specific levels. During the spermatogenesis of E. sinensis, HAT1 first loosens the chromatin structure of sperm nucleus by acetylating histone, while the reduction of HAT1 expression in the later stage effectively avoids excessive acetylation, and maintains histone acetylation at a specific level, which protects the nuclear chromatin state of non-condensed sperm and is important in the spermatogenesis of E. sinensis.
Acute pulmonary embolism combined with acute myocardial infarction a s the first manifestation of acute leukemia: a case report
Authors: Zheng Shuzhan , Luo Sha , Luo Yong , Liu Dan , Zheng Wenwu , Peng Qing
Published: May 2023

Thrombotic complications in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are uncommon due to coagulation dysfunction and thrombocytopenia. We report a unique case of AML presenting as concomitant pulmonary embolism and atypical acute myocardial infarction. A 67-year-old male experienced persistent bilateral chest pain. Despite an unremarkable electrocardiogram, elevated D-dimer and mildly increased troponin T levels prompted further investigation, leading to the diagnosis of simultaneous pulmonary embolism and acute myocardial infarction. The patient underwent percutaneous coronary intervention and received triple antithrombotic therapy. However, antithrombotic therapy was discontinued following a sharp decline in hemoglobin and platelet counts, and the patient subsequently developed persistent fever. AML was diagnosed via bone marrow biopsy. Chemotherapy was not initiated due to the patient's deteriorating condition, and he ultimately succumbed to presumed intracranial bleeding.
Bag3 protects chondrocytes and alleviates osteoarthritis by restoring autophagy flux
Authors: Wu Jingtao , Yu Heng , Lin Binghao , Zhou Liwen , Wang Jingquan , Cheng Teng , Zhang Zhao , Lin Zhen , Lin Zhongke
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveChondrocyte apoptosis resulting from the inhibition of autophagic flux is a significant contributor to Osteoarthritis (OA). In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the role of Bcl-2-associated athanogene 3 (Bag3) in autophagy; however, its specific contribution to the pathogenesis of knee osteoarthritis remains unclear.MethodsX-ray imaging and tissue staining techniques were used to evaluate the radiographic and histomorphological features of the mouse knee joint. Western blotting was employed to analyze gene and protein expression levels in an in vitro setting. Immunofluorescence staining was utilized to identify and visualize specific proteins in the tissue samples. Knockdown and overexpression techniques were employed to manipulate the expression level of BAG3, a protein of interest. DMM (destabilization of the medial meniscus) was used to induce osteoarthritis in mice for studying the effects of Bag3 overexpression on OA development.ResultsThe results of these experiments showed that in mouse knee OA tissue, BAG3 was upregulated compared to healthy tissue. Knockdown and overexpression experiments of BAG3 revealed a potential anti-apoptotic and autophagy-enhancing function of BAG3 in the context of osteoarthritis. CQ treatment reversed BAG3-induced chondrocyte protection under oxidative stress. Bag3 overexpression ameliorated DMM-induced OA development in mice.ConclusionBag3 alleviates chondrocytes apoptosis by protecting autophagic flux, thereby improving OA.
Effects of a Virtual Mindful Self-Compassion Training on Mindfulness, Self-Compassion, Empathy, Well-being and Stress in Uruguayan Primary School Teachers During Covid-19 Times.
Authors:   Tamara Liberman1, Bidegain Martín , Berriel Andrea , López Francisco , Ibarra Alexander , Pisani Mikaela , Polero Sol , Brito Gonzalo , Pereira Ana Carolina , López Silvana , Castelló María E.
Published: May 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effects of a virtual Mindful Self-compassion (MSC) intervention on mindfulness, self-compassion, empathy, stress, and well-being in Uruguayan primary school teachers.
Methods: A quasi-experimental, longitudinal study was conducted with an active control intervention (Kundalini Yoga, KY). Uruguayan volunteer female teachers were randomly assigned to MSC or KY 9-weeks virtual training and completed self-reports and an empathy for pain task (EPT) at pre-, post-training, and follow-up (3 months).
Results: After MSC training, mindfulness (ES: observing= -0.836; non-reactivity= -0.476; total mindfulness= -0.655), self-compassion (ES: self-kindness= 0.745; common humanity= -0.588; mindfulness= -0.487) and self-judgment (ES= -0.463) significantly (p<0.05) increased. Furthermore, perspective-taking increased (ES= -0.505) and personal distress decreased (ES= -0.587), while stress decreased (ES= -0.450) and well-being increased (ES= -0.612) after this training. At follow-up, observing (ES= -0.675) and total mindfulness (ES= -0.757) remained elevated and non-judging increased (ES= -0.667); self-compassion remained elevated (ES= -0.778) and personal distress remained decreased ( ES= -0.857). After MSC training, EPT intentionality comprehension accuracy significantly increased (SE= -0.588).
After training, personal distress was higher in KY than MSC (ES= -0.344), while at follow-up observing (ES= -0.454) and total mindfulness (ES =-0.415) were higher in MSC. No differences between groups were found for the EPT.
Conclusions: Virtual MSC training cultivated mindfulness and self-compassion associated with an increase in well-being and empathy, and a reduction of stress in Uruguayan primary school teachers.
A new condition for the existence of a common fixed point for two commutatingself-mappings
Authors: Deghoul Djamel , Chebel Zoheir
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we prove the existence of a common fixed point for two commuta-tive mappings satisfying and generalizing contractive conditions. We provide a newcondition on one of them which leads us to Juncgk’s theorem. Moreover, we estab-lish the associated Banach theorem. Our results generalize some known results in theliterature.
2010 Mathematics Subject Classi cation: Primary 54H25, secondary 47H10.
Does the high tibial osteotomy change the posterior tibia slope and patellar height？
Authors: Ji Songjie , Zhang Jun , Huang Ye , Zhou Yixin , Jiang Xu , Pan Feng
Published: May 2023

Objective To compare the clinical outcomes of performing a closed tibial high osteotomy with an open osteotomy and the changes in posterior tibia slope and patellar height.
Methods were collected from three hundred and forty patients (440 knees) with high tibial osteotomy performed from January 2019 to January 2020. Forty patients (50 knees) had a lateral closed wedge tibial osteotomy (LCWHTO), and 300 patients (390 knees) had a medial open wedge tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO). The follow-up periods were 20.5 months and 19.9 months, respectively. Both groups evaluated the Lysholm score and joint range of motion (ROM) at the final follow-up visit. Changes in preoperative and postoperative mechanical axis deviation (MAD), proximal medial tibial angle (MPTA), posterior tibial slope (PTS), and M-K index were compared between the two groups of patients.
Results Lysholm scores were 79.6 ± 15. 6 preoperatively and 96. 0 ± 5.0 postoperatively in the LCWHTO group (p < 0.01); 83. 7 ± 16.0 preoperatively and 94. 3 ± 9.1 postoperatively in the MOWHTO group (p < 0.01). ROM was 136.0° ± 8.4° preoperatively and 133.2° ± 10.1° postoperatively in the LCWHTO group (p > 0.05); 136.5° ± 8.4° preoperatively and 135.7° ± 9.3° postoperatively in the MOWHTO group (p > 0.05). the MAD was (26.5 ± 4.1) mm preoperatively and 0.3 ± 2.9 mm postoperatively in the LCWHTO group (p < 0.01); 21.8 ± 6.5 mm preoperatively and − 0.3 ± 2.6 mm postoperatively in the MOWHTO group (p < 0.01) .The MPTA in the LCWHTO group was 75.3°±3.2° preoperatively and 89.5°±2. 4° postoperatively (p < 0.01). 77.1°±3.0° preoperatively and 90.6°±2.7° postoperatively in the MOWHTO group (p < 0.01). M-K index was 0.78 ± 0.08 preoperatively and 0.79 ± 0.07 postoperatively in the LCWHTO group (p > 0.05). 0.78 ± 0.05 before and 0.75 ± 0.05 after surgery in the MOWHTO. 10.8°±3.0° PTS before and 8.1°±3.4° after surgery in the LCWHTO group (p < 0.05); 10.2°± 3.1° preoperatively and 10.9°±4.0° postoperatively (p > 0.05).
Conclusions LCWHTO decreases the PTS and has no effect on patellar height; MOWHTO does not affect the PTS but decreases patellar height. The patient should individualize the choice of the osteotomy.
An easy droplet-generation method using an inserted glass capillary into a microchannel
Authors: Shen Feng , Li Chunyou , Yuan Yongchun , Liu Zhaomiao
Published: May 2023

Droplet microfluidics have received increasing attention over the last decade. This study proposes a facile method for droplet generation in microchannels by vertically inserting a glass capillary into a microfluidic chip. The influences of the capillary insertion depth (0, 60, and 120 µm), capillary inner diameter (50, 75, and 100 µm), and two-phase flow ratios (2–12) on the generated droplet length are investigated. The morphology evolution of the two-phase interface during droplet formation is given in detail, which undergoes three successive stages: head formation, head filling, and neck breakage. Three breakage modes for the droplet neck are identified as the plunger, squeezing, and dripping modes, and the forces acting on the droplets are analyzed. The results indicate that the proposed method can generate droplets stably and robustly. The size is accurately controlled to readily provide droplet generation in microchannels.
Brief psychological intervention to reduce psychological distress among preoperative cancer patients: A randomized, single-blind, two arm, parallel group controlled trial in a selected tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka
Authors: Alles Prasangika Seneviratne , Alagiyawanna Dushyanthi , Seneviwickrama Maheeka , Nanayakkara Sarangi , Kariyawasam Maneesh , Pathirana Aloka
Published: May 2023

Purpose
Psychological distress among pre-operative cancer patients interferes with treatment outcomes. A randomized, single-blind, two arm, parallel group controlled trial was conducted to determine the effectiveness of a 3-week brief psychological intervention versus routine care on reducing psychological distress among 18–65 year old newly diagnosed cancer patients awaiting surgery at Colombo South Teaching Hospital.
Methods
After screening 153 patients for eligibility, 88 were recruited (intervention = 46, control = 42). The primary outcome, psychological distress, was assessed using HADS (cut-off 8) at baseline and 3-weeks later. Secondary outcomes assessed were satisfaction on knowledge and care they received and the physical well-being. Comparisons were made using McNemar’s Chi-Square at p < 0.05 based on intention to treat. Effects measures used are odds ratios (OR) with 95% CI and number needed to treat (NNT).
Results
Prevalence of anxiety and depression at baseline was 90.91% and 89.77%. Intervention significantly lowered anxiety [intervention 30.43% vs control 69.50%, OR = 0.20 (95% CI 0.08, 0.49), p = 0.0004]. Depression failed to show a significant reduction [67.6% vs 78.4%, OR = 0.53 (95% CI 0.22, 1.28), p = 0.1592]. NNT to avert one case of anxiety is 3 (95% CI 1.73, 5.18). Satisfaction on care received is the only secondary outcome that showed a statistically significant association: intervention 36.96% vs. control 14.28% [OR = 0.28 (95% CI 0.10–0.81), p = 0.0057].
Conclusion
The brief psychological intervention was effective in reducing anxiety among newly diagnosed cancer patients. This simple and brief psychological intervention could be recommended for all new cancer patients awaiting surgical interventions.
This trial was registered in the Sri Lanka clinical trial registry on 14.10. 2021. The registration number is SLCTR/2021/028. The protocol is available at the Sri Lanka clinical trial registry website. The Universal Trial Number (UTN) is U1111-1269-2819.
Dachengqi Decoction alleviates acute pancreatitis by down-regulating autophagy related protein Beclin1
Authors: Li Jie , Li Hongchang , Huang Ye , Feng Dianxu , Chen Yafeng , Wu Xubo
Published: May 2023

Objective: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common acute abdominal disease characterized by pancreatic acinar cell death and inflammation. Excessive autophagy of acinar cells will aggravate AP, further develop into SAP, and even endanger life. Dachengqi Decoction (DCQD) is a commonly used drug in clinic for acute pancreatitis. Beclin1 is a vital autophagy-related molecule in disease. We investigated DCQD treat acute pancreatitis by intervening Beclin1 to regulate the autophagy of acinar cells.Methods: Wistar rats were injected intraperitoneally with 20% L-arginine to reproduce AP rat model. AP rat were treated with DCQD and 3-Methyladenine (3-MA) and compared to AP rats pre-treated with 20% L-arginine. we examined the levels of serum TNF-α, Beclin1 and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) by ELISA; stained the pancreas tissues of rats with Hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE); observed the autophagy formation in pancreas tissues by transmission electron microscopy; and detected the expression of Beclin1 and light chain 3-Ⅱ(LC3-II) protein level in pancreas tissues by Western blot and immunohistochemistry.Result: The levels of serum Amylase, Beclin1, ROS, TNF-α and pathological scores of pancreas were significantly elevated by injected intraperitoneally with 20% L-arginine. The results of electron microscopy showed that the autophagy of pancreatic tissue increased significantly in AP rats, but decreased in rats treated with DCQD or 3-MA. DCQD and 3-MA could significantly reduce the levels of serum Amylase, Beclin1, ROS and TNF-α in rats. Western blot and immunohistochemical results showed that DCQD and 3-MA significantly reduced Beclin1 and LC3-II proteins.Conclusion: Our studies showed that Beclin1 is closely related to acute pancreatitis, and DCQD could inhabited Beclin1 and excessive autophagy.
The English privative prefixes near-, pseudo- and quasi-: Approximation and 'disproximation'
Authors: Cappelle Bert , Daugs Robert , Hartmann Stefan
Published: May 2023

The English prefixes near-, pseudo- and quasi- are privative, in that whatever essential property their morphological base expresses is not strictly possessed by an entity characterized as near-/pseudo-/quasi-X. However, we claim this meaning is not precise enough and hypothesize that near- and quasi- are approximative in meaning, whereas pseudo- is ‘disproximative’, expressing the idea of ‘falling short’ of a standard. Distributional-semantic findings partially support this, as near- shares more bases with quasi- than it does with pseudo-. Near- is most productive, presenting a default choice, while pseudo- is least productive. We also observe a specific tendency of near- to select bases with negative semantic prosody (near-deadly, near-fatal), of quasi- to combine, without any evaluative meaning, with legal-administrative bases (quasi-diplomatic, quasi-governmental), and of pseudo- with terms from the scientific domain. Further qualitative observations about these prefixes are made.
Opportunistic screening for familial hypercholesterolemia based on observational registries data analysis
Authors: Gaisenok O. V.
Published: May 2023

Introduction. Early diagnosis of FH is generally low. This leads to the early formation of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ACVD) and increases the risk of cardiovascular complications in young and middle-aged people. Aim. Identification of HeFH patients using the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network Criteria based on the analysis of electronic databases of two observational registries. Materials and methods. 3,895  persons were selected from 10,606  participants in  the Duplex and Laboratory registries based on the presence of TC and LDL-C indicators registered in the databases and the criterion of age up to 60 years. Dutch Lipid Clinic Network Criteria (DCLN) were used as criteria for HeFH: “definite” in the presence of >8 points, “probable” in the presence of 6–8 points, “possible” FH in the presence of 3–5 points. The “definite” and “probable” groups were combined into “potential” FH group. Results. LDL-C levels ≥5 mmol/l and ≥6.5 mmol/l were detected in 8.7% and 0.7% of study participants, respectively. Among them, only 2 patients with DLCN criterion >8 points were identified. Potential FH was found in 13 patients. When recalculated per 100,000, the average prevalence of potential FH was 334/100,000 people (0.33%). Conclusions. Opportunistic screening is an affordable and effective tool in the hands of clinicians to optimize the detection of FH patients. It is advisable to use DCLN criteria, which are optimal as FH criteria. A well-proven method for analyzing electronic databases based on the  study of  electronic medical records, the  use of  a “potential” FH model and automated integration of the obtained data can significantly facilitate the task. Studies on larger cohorts of patients are needed to improve the detection of FH among young people.
Carotenoids: dietary sources, adequate and clinically effective doses
Authors: Kodentsova V. M. , Risnik D. V.
Published: May 2023

Natural food sources of  carotenoids are colored vegetables and fruits, eggs, milk. Total carotenoid intake varies from 1  to 22 mg/day in European countries and from 5 to 16 mg/day in the USA. The average daily intake of lycopene in Europe ranges from 5 to 7 mg/day, in the USA – from 5.7 to 10.5 mg/day. Carotenoids are used in the production of fortified foods, biologically active food supplements, specialized foods for various population groups, as well as natural food colors added directly during the production of a food product or in feed for farm animals. Epidemiological studies have shown that dietary carotenoid intake is inversely associated with obesity, retinopathy, cataracts; cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes and some cancers. According to the domestic regulatory framework, the adequate level of daily intake of carotenoids is 15 mg, 5 mg of β-carotene, lycopene and lutein, the upper permissible level of consumption of carotenoids as part of dietary supplements and specialized food products is 30 mg (10 mg each). For zeaxanthin, these values are 1 and 3 mg/day. Daily doses of lycopene used in intervention studies were 15–90  mg, and β-carotene 15–50  mg. lutein  – 4–20  mg; zeaxanthin  – 1–20  mg; mezoxanthin 12  mg, astaxanthin  – 12–16 mg. Duration of admission was 4–12 months (up to 48 months). Taking lycopene at a dose of 10–15 mg for several months led to a decrease in indicators of oxidative stress, markers of bone resorption, taking lutein at a dose of ≥ 10 mg improved visual and cognitive functions. The effective doses of carotenoids correspond to or exceed the permitted allowable level of their consumption as part of dietary supplements and specialized food products.
Pharmacotherapeutic efficacy of the use of pelargonium sidovid root extract in the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases
Authors: Isachenko V. S. , Krivopalov A. A. , Tsydypova D. A. , Kiseleva E. O.
Published: May 2023

Relevance in research infectious and inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract caused by high prevalence, variability of clinical manifestations and severity of the disease with the risk of developing complications. Respiratory diseases are a cause of functional and morphological disorders of the respiratory tract mucosa which is a protective barrier against various damaging agents. It is necessary to use complex drugs that preserve and restore the physiological activity of the mucous membrane as much as possible. In this regard, there is a great interest of plant medical product (extract of the roots of pelargonium sidovid is the chief active ingredient) which causes stimulation of nonspecific protective mechanisms, the beating frequency of the cilia of the ciliated epithelium, the activity of NK cells, phagocytes, modulation of the synthesis of interferon and proinflammatory cytokines, the expression of adhesive molecules, chemotaxis. We can notice moderate direct antibacterial and antiviral properties of extract. The pharmacotherapeutic efficacy of the plant medical product containing an extract of pelargonium sidovid roots was analysed in our research to treatment of respiratory diseases. There is a literature review about efficacy and safety preparations containing liquid extract of pelargonium sidovid roots. The extract effectiveness is confirmed by the results of clinical investigation: children and adults are digest the drug, greatly facilitates the course of diseases, prevents the development of complications, and reduces the duration of acute respiratory infections. Extract of the roots of pelargonium sidovid is easy to use and dosage. All these properties make it possible to include this medical product in the complex therapy of inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract.
Complex therapy for prolonged cough in infectious and inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract: case report
Authors: Morozova S. V. , Moskvitina E. B. , Shadyev T. Kh. , Dyadishcheva E. A.
Published: May 2023

Cough is one of the most common symptoms in primary care. Despite the fact that a persistent cough resolves on its own in most cases and does not require special treatment, it can significantly reduce the quality of life and require large financial costs for treatment. Infectious and inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract are one of the most common pathologies accompanied by cough. Protracted cough can significantly aggravate the course of the disease, and its duration for more than 4 weeks may indicate a chronic process. Drug therapy should be specific and combined, i.e. it should be aimed at the etiology of the disease, the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying it, and at alleviating symptoms, which leads to a speedy recovery of the patient. The article describes the causes leading to a prolonged cough in infectious and inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract, the principles of differential diagnosis and some features of the treatment of persistent cough. Options for both etiotropic and pathogenetic therapy, as well as symptomatic treatment with ivy leaf extract and non-drug methods are given.In cases of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract and bronchi accompanied by a non-productive cough, adding of common ivy leaf extract to the treatment allows us to predict relief of sputum discharge, and, consequently, an improvement in the patient’s condition as early as on Day 4-5. It is important to note that this drug should not be used in combination with any antitussive drugs, as it makes it difficult to evacuate thin secret and results in its congestion in the airways. A clinical case of polyetiologic chronic cough combined treatment using reflexology is presented.
Possibilities for nasal septum perforation healing: from the past to the future
Authors: Lobacheva V. V. , Svistushkin V. M. , Zolotova A. V. , Svistushkin M. V. , Shevchik E. A. , Tychkina I. A.
Published: May 2023

The article discusses application of various methods for nasal septum perforation healing (NSP). The types and options of surgical treatment in the historical aspect are described. These operations have a number of disadvantages, such as: the complexity of the material taking, the risk of inflammatory reaction and scar formation, as well as other postoperative complications leading to a relapse of the disease. Effectiveness of various allo- and autografts that used to restore the defect of the nasal septum is observed. Publications of regenerative medicine methods to eliminate perforation of the nasal septum are analyzed. Implantation of stromal cells, scaffolds; growth factors or their combinations is used. Such approaches make possible the restoration of the damaged tissue due to targeted and controlled cell differentiation, accompanied by the synthesis of the intercellular matrix and a decrease in inflammatory processes. In preclinical and clinical studies, special attention is paid to stromal cells. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) of bone marrow, adipose and other tissues are most often used. The regenerative effects of mesenchymal stromal cells are realized through the secretion of a wide range of anti-inflammatory mediators, cytokines and trophic factors, the positive effects of cell therapy of this type of cells should not be associated with the differentiation of implanted cells into cells of damaged tissues. The use of various materials for the treatment of NSP is also described with an assessment of their effectiveness and future prospects.
Modern therapeutic dietary foods in the complex therapy of chronic reflux gastritis, not associated with HP infection
Authors: Minushkin O. N. , Zverkov I. V. , Maslovskii L. V. , Inevatova V. S. , Kuznetsova Yu. G. , Pilat T. L.
Published: May 2023

Introduction. Dietary nutrition is one of the most important and physiological therapeutic and preventive approaches for chronic reflux gastritis (CRG), not associated with HP infection. Aim. To analyze the effectiveness and safety of the use of specialized therapeutic nutrition (produced by LEOVIT) in chronic reflux gastritis (CRG), not associated with HP infection, in the acute phase. Materials and methods. A comparative randomized study included 40 patients with CRG, not associated with HP infection, in the acute phase. During the one-month course, standard diet therapy was used in the control group (20 patients), and in the patients of the main group (20 patients), diet therapy was carried out using specialized dietary products. The dynamics of clinical manifestations, changes in esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGDS), blood test parameters, and the severity of dysbiosis were studied. Statistical processing of the research results was carried out with the determination of the significance of the mean values using the Student’s t-test. Results. It was found that the studied specialized therapeutic nutrition (oatmeal porridge with herbs and flax seed, vegetable soup with herbs and oatmeal, gastric jelly LEOVIT) have pleasant organoleptic properties, do not cause intolerance and allergic manifestations, restore digestion, improve the state of intestinal microflora, improve the quality of life of patients. According to endoscopic studies in the esophagus of patients in the main group, compared with patients in the comparison group, “normal” mucosa was statistically significantly more common (95 vs. 60% of cases) and catarrhal esophagitis was less common (5 vs. 40% of cases). The number of patients with an admixture of bile in the lumen of the stomach in patients of the main group compared with patients of the control group was found significantly less frequently in 20% of cases versus 75% of cases. Conclusion. The investigated approach to diet therapy with the use of specialized therapeutic nutrition in CRG is completely safe and recommended by the authors for long-term use in patients with this pathology.
Experience with the prolonged release of iron in iron deficiency patients
Authors: Drozdov V. N. , Shikh E. V. , Astapovskii A. A. , Tsvetkov D. N.
Published: May 2023

Iron deficiency is one of the leading factors in the global burden of disease, affecting mainly children, premenopausal women and low- and middle-income people. With prolonged iron deficiency, iron deficiency anemia (IDA) develops, which, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), remains the most common type of anemia worldwide. The most common causes of IDA include gastrointestinal bleeding, menstrual blood loss and pregnancy in women. Currently, divalent iron preparations are considered the “gold standard” of IDA therapy. To date, there are preparations of divalent iron with delayed release. The advantage of this form is that such drugs are better tolerated, they have a lower incidence of side effects with comparable bioavailability and efficacy compared to conventional forms. Such drugs include Tardyferon®.In our study, it was noted that against the  background of  taking Tardyferon®, the level of ferritin by the end of the 1st month of therapy in patients with latent iron deficiency increased from 12.4 ± 0.93 to 27.8  ± 4.1 µg/L (p ≤ 0.05). In patients with IDA, it increased from 9.7 ± 1.3 to 25.4 = 5.1 µg/L. By the end of the 3rd month of treatment, the ferritin level in patients with latent iron deficiency was 200.1 ± 30.8 (p < 0.05), and in patients with IDA – 246.7 µg/L (p < 0.05). We noted a similar dynamic in the hemoglobin level: in patients with IDA, it increased from 97.4 ± 9.3 g/L to 125.8 ± 10.2 g/l (p < 0.05), and in 21 (75%) of 28 patients it reached normal values (more than 120 g/L) by the end of the 1st months of therapy.By the 3rd month of  therapy, all patients with IDA had already reached the  target level, and the  average hemoglobin value in  the group was 142.1 ± 5.6 g/L (p = 0.05).Thus, in patients with IDA, against the background of therapy with Tardyferon®, hemogram indicators normalize, the concentration of hemoglobin and ferritin increases by the end of the 1st month of therapy.
Current possibilities of using silver proteinate in the treatment of inflammatory diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses
Authors: Gurov A. V. , Ermolaev A. G. , Dubovaya T. K. , Murzakhanova Z. V. , Makhmudova N. R. , Dombalagyan A. Kh.
Published: May 2023

The article evaluates the possibility of using silver proteinate to treat acute inflammatory diseases of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinus mucosa, as well as their complications. Acute rhinitis and rhinosinusitis are among the most common upper respiratory diseases. Viral pathogens are the main agents that trigger the pathological process. At the same time, the bacterial superinfection in some cases may develop due to viral infection, which promotes further development of lingering clinical symptoms up to a complicated course of the disease. The course of rhinosinusitis with underlying COVID-19 infection can be complicated by fungal superinfection and postnasal drip. For these reasons, topical drugs that could be used in the early stages of these conditions should have a number of properties, such as activity against most respiratory viruses and aetiologically significant bacterial pathogens; lack of opportunity to evolute and implement rapid resistance mechanisms in microorganisms; additive effects with other antibacterial drugs; acceleration of regeneration of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinus mucosa with underlying infectious alteration; vasoconstrictive and anti-inflammatory action, without causing an addictive effect, which enables repeated use of the drug in chronic diseases, as well as the absence of local and systemic toxic effects. Sialor (silver proteinate) has all the specified characteristics that were proved in various studies, and consistently demonstrated high clinical efficacy for many years.
On the issue of preoperative preparation of patients with chronic suppurative otitis media
Authors: Komarov M. V. , Anikin I. A. , Goncharov O. I.
Published: May 2023

Introduction. In the otosurgeon practice, there are often cases of exacerbation of chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) refractory to conservative therapy. The direct irritant effect of gastric contents due to the gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) often leads to alteration of the middle ear mucosa and persistence of the inflammation process.Aim. To substantiate the significance of GERD therapy in the treatment of CSOM exacerbation refractory to the standard conservative therapy protocols.Materials and methods. The study group included 42 patients aged 19 to 67 years (mean age 47.6 years), 13 men and 29 women, who received treatment and daily observations of the attending otorhinolaryngologist. Of these, 31 patients were users of oral nicotine products (chewing gum, smoking, tobacco heating systems). The conservative treatment of CSOM was carried out in accordance with the medical care standards and clinical guidelines as in force on the time of the treatment process. The conservative treatment of GERD was carried out in accordance with the clinical guidelines approved by the Russian Gastroenterological Association.Results and discussion. 25 patients were diagnosed with isolated incompetence of the gastric cardia, 13 — with incompetence of the gastric cardia accompanied by reflux esophagitis, 4 — with hiatal hernia. The efficacy of anti-reflux therapy for chronic otitis media exacerbation was assessed on Day 10 after start of the therapy. Due to the gastroenterological therapy, the “dry” ear status could be achieved in 34 patients, which made it possible to offer them reconstructive intervention in the future. 5 patients achieved the CSOM remission by the end of the first month of anti-reflux therapy. 3 patients failed to achieve the state of CSOM remissionConclusions. The high efficacy of anti-reflux therapy for the management of CHSO exacerbation refractory to the standard conservative therapy regimens at the level of 81% allows us to recommend further research to prove the causal relationship between GERD and ineffectiveness of treatment of ear pathology.
La ciudad intermedia industrial: transformación urbana de Barrancabermeja entre 1951 y 2002
Authors: Rueda Guzmán Giovanny Andrés
Published: May 2023

El Estado ha gestionado multiescalarmente intervenciones urbanas en la ciudad intermedia de Barrancabermeja como respuesta a su crecimiento poblacional, el cual estuvo influenciado por la industria petroquímica desde su asentamiento, a finales de la primera década del siglo XX. Este artículo busca comprender la transformación urbana de Barrancabermeja en el periodo 1951-2002, resultado de la injerencia de la industria petroquímica y de los actores estatales multiescalares sobre la producción de vivienda social e infraestructura —vías urbanas, acueducto y alcantarillado—. Así, mediante revisión y análisis documental oficial y cartográfico, más salidas de campo, se identificaron las intervenciones que la industria petroquímica y los actores estatales realizaron en la trama urbana de Barrancabermeja entre 1951-1989. También se logró dimensionar lo que implicó para la gestión del desarrollo urbano la Ley Novena de Reforma Urbana, así como el abandono de la industrialización por sustitución de importaciones —modelo ISI—, el proceso de reestructuración administrativa, y las tendencias en la configuración urbana de la ciudad entre 1951 y 2002, producto de los diferentes modelos de gestión del desarrollo urbano.
Juegos, videojuegos y artes: historia, conceptos y redefiniciones en la relación entre los universos lúdicos y las prácticas artísticas contemporáneas
Authors: Palavecino Laura
Published: May 2023

El presente artículo de reflexión aborda un panorama en torno a la relación entre el juego, el videojuego y el arte desde una perspectiva que articula el contexto histórico reciente, la experimentación con distintos tipos de imágenes, materiales y temas, y las transformaciones técnicas que dieron lugar a que el videojuego se transforme en un poderoso medio de expresión creativo. Si bien en la actualidad el juego es considerado como una actividad fundamental en el desarrollo de la civilización, históricamente su estudio no ha tenido gran lugar en las humanidades y la historia del arte de antes del s. XX. El objetivo del artículo es despertar la curiosidad sobre el juego en tanto poderoso medio de expresión artística que admite distintas configuraciones, estrategias de producción, estilos visuales, formas de participación y públicos. El presente trabajo articula reflexiones que surgen de la lectura de bibliografía proveniente principalmente de referentes del estudio académico del juego y el análisis de casos de estudio originados en las vanguardias del s. XX, el arte contemporáneo y el ámbito de desarrollo de los videojuegos en el contexto reciente.
La experiencia de Dios: marcha intelectiva hacia el fundamento del poder real
Authors: Antolínez Rafael
Published: May 2023

En el presente trabajo, su autor se dedica a reflexionar en torno de la experiencia religiosa y, en particular, sobre la experiencia que el hombre tiene de Dios como “fundamento” del “poder de lo real”, desde la perspectiva filosófica de Xavier Zubiri. Para ello, luego de esbozar someramente el concepto de experiencia en algunos hitos de la filosofía, aborda tres asuntos: 1. El problema teologal del hombre, 2. La experiencia como probación física de realidad y, 3. La experiencia religiosa como conformación de la persona en algo absoluto. Se trata, pues, de mostrar cómo en virtud de la religación, que no de la religión, la experiencia religiosa consiste primordialmente en marcha intelectiva hacia el “fundamento” del “poder de lo real”, como marcha en tanteo, “a tientas”, con vistas a la configuración y realización de la persona en algo absoluto. La vida personal humana no es otra cosa que un proceso de deiformación.