bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theoretical foundations of modern people's power
Authors:   Южно-Российский институт управления – филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Даниил Эдуардович Кравчик
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to identifying the main theoretical provisions that determine the development of modern democracy. The work substantiates the social and consolidating significance of the idea of democracy. The study highlights the principles and concepts that define the essence of democracy. Using the comparative method, the differences between democracy and democracy and self-government are formulated. Such topical problems of modern democracy as the search for a source of power among the people, the possibility of exercising public power by all the people are analyzed. The author concludes that there is no universal theory of democracy and ready-made forms of its implementation, which is explained by the diversity of the composition and needs of the social life of individual peoples. Therefore, the theory and practice of democracy should be based on the historical experience of implementing various forms of population participation in power relations.
On the sovereignty of the Russian state in the context of the factors of modern world development (a studybased on the Law on the Amendment to the Constitution of the Russian Federation of 14.03.2020 № 1-FKZ)
Authors:   Южный федеральный университет, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Жанна Иосифовна Овсепян
Published: December 2023

Based on the analysis of the text of the Law on the Amendment to the Constitution of the Russian Federation (2020), new aspects of the scientific and doctrinal legal understanding of the system of means and spheres of ensuring the state sovereignty of the Russian Federation are investigated: from the standpoint of ensuring the effectiveness of domestic governance; the formation of the legal foundations of the functioning of state authorities, other state bodies, local self-government bodies as a "unified system of public power". The analysis and systematization of the novelties of regulation of "subjects of competence and powers" is carried out; the assessment of the State Council of the Russian Federation as an institution capable of countering the threats and risks of globalization and international and intrastate regionalization is given.
Non-fungible token valuation exposed: US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles Compliance and artificial intelligence’s disruptive role
Authors: Akpan Mfon , Ukwu Henry Ugochukwu
Published: December 2023

The ascent of non-fungible tokens (NFTs) has recently garnered significant attention, prompting the need for effective methods to appraise these digital assets. An examination was conducted to ascertain the efficacy of the US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) in valuing NFTs, considering their unique attributes, notably their indivisibility and blockchain-based ownership. With a two-fold aim, this study conducts a comprehensive evaluation of GAAP’s suitability for NFT valuation while pinpointing the constraints inherent in the existing accounting framework. The proposed remedies encompass the development of industry-specific guidelines (ISG), refinement of NFT categorization and evaluation techniques, timely resolution of valuation complexities, and integration of artificial intelligence (AI) based solutions. Preliminary findings reveal that conventional GAAP procedures offer only partial alignment with the intricacies of NFT valuation, primarily because of the unprecedented nature of NFTs and swiftly evolving market dynamics. This investigation contributes significantly by delving into the subtleties of implementing established accounting principles within this nascent digital asset class. Furthermore, it underscores the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration between the accounting and technology sectors to adeptly navigate the ever-transforming domain of blockchain technology and digital assets. This research provides a resource for professionals, regulators, and scholars engaged in the dynamic realm of NFT valuation and accounting.
A Comprehensive Criterion for Threshold of Motion of Bioclastic Sediments under Steady Unidirectional Flow
Authors: Mao Lilei , Li Jiabo , Tajima Yoshimitsu
Published: December 2023

The threshold of motion of bioclastic sediments is the fundamental
aspect for understanding of sediment dynamics in coral reef systems
while there are currently few studies on its prediction. We conducted
laboratory experiments, and showed that the threshold of motion of coral
skeletal grains is more appropriately characterized by the nominal
diameter and particle density that is defined as the density of grains
with its skeletal void filled by the fluid. Distinctions in threshold of
motion of observed coral particles and other bioclastic sediments arise
from the influences of grain density and shape, resulting in a notable
departure from existing empirical thresholds based on quartz sand. We
then propose a new formula for estimating critical shear velocity of
bioclastic sediments by introducing a grain shape parameter. The new
comprehensive criterion improves the understanding of threshold of
motion of bioclastic sediments with highly heterogeneous properties
under steady unidirectional flow.
Examining Relationships between Employees’ Attributes and Act of Whistleblowing
Authors: Ismail Irzan Bin , Durani Noorazura , Wan Athmar Wan Azfarozza , Md Razak Mohamad Idham , Abu Hassan Helmy Fadlisham
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the connection between employees’ attributes and the act of whistleblowing. The study was conducted at Penang Port Sdn Bhd by using quantitative method and purposive sampling data gathering. A total of 117 employees from Penang Port Sdn Bhd participated in the survey. The data gathered was processed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 25. The results indicate a positive correlation between all variables of whistleblowing. The findings highlight that only two characteristic which is attitudes towards whistleblowing and internal control, have a meaningful association with the act of whistleblowing. Alternate hypotheses (H1) are accepted for hypotheses 1 and 2 but rejected for hypotheses 3. The implications of the findings for the organization are examined, as well as future study directions.
Moderating Effect of WAQF for Tourism Sustainability in Malaysia: A Mixed-Method Approach
Authors: Ismail Shafinar , Ismail Mohammed `Izzudin , Mohd Hidzir Putri Aliah , Rahmat Suharni , Ismail Suzila
Published: December 2023

Due to its substantial contributions to the economy, society, environment, and other sectors, tourism is vital. To keep the tourism business sustainable, the government and other relevant stakeholders must allocate a sizable budget. Consequently, waqf is one way to lessen reliance on government funding. Waqf, in general, refers to assets that Muslims willingly donate and plan to use or grow for the good of the community. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the tourism industry and the economic, social-cultural, environmental, and transversal pillars are significantly correlated. It also looks at how waqf moderates the relationship between the tourism sector's sustainability and the economic pillar. Both quantitative and qualitative methods are used in this methodology. Quantitative data were obtained from 150 respondents, and qualitative data were collected through interviews to verify the quantitative findings. The results show significant positive relationships between economic, social-cultural, environmental, and transversal pillars with tourism industry sustainability. The result also demonstrates that waqf moderates the relationship between the economic pillar and tourism industry sustainability. The implications of waqf would contribute to essential services to the community. This had many significant impacts on the economy as a whole and the sustainability of the tourism industry itself. Waqf can reduce the budget deficit, decrease the need for government borrowing, and decrease the interest rate, thereby removing a significant impediment to private and investment growth.
Evaluating the Nexus between Monetary Sector Variables and Housing Affordability in Malaysia
Authors: Nasir Zarul Azhar , Mohd Nasir Noormahayu , Ahmad Kusairee Muhammad Adidinizar Zia , Syeddin Siti Nur’Amalina , Mohd Salim Nor Zarina
Published: December 2023

Housing affordability is a globally recognized and pressing issue that has prompted extensive discussions in the realms of societal discourse, academic research, and policy development. In the context of Malaysia, this issue persists, despite the government implementing a diverse array of initiatives aimed at alleviating housing affordability challenges. This study aims to explore the nexus between housing affordability and key monetary sector variables, including money supply, interest rates, inflation rates, and foreign exchange rates in Malaysia. The study employed Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) estimation techniques on a dataset comprising 52 quarterly observations from the years 2010 to 2022. The findings demonstrate the existence of a long-term cointegration relationship between money supply, inflation rates, interest rates and housing affordability. Conversely, in the short term, the analysis reveals that only money supply and inflation rates exert a statistically significant influence on housing affordability. The long-term cointegration of money supply and inflation rates with housing affordability, along with their significant short-term relationship, highlights these two monetary variables as primary drivers of housing affordability. These results underscore the critical role of monetary sector variables in determining housing affordability in Malaysia. Consequently, policymakers are encouraged to prioritize the regulation of monetary sector variables, particularly focusing on money supply and inflation rates, to effectively promote housing affordability in Malaysia.
Assessing the Impact of Infrastructure Investments Using Customs Data: The Case of the Greater Mekong Subregion Corridor and the People’s Republic of China
Authors: Elhan-Kayalar Yesim , Kucheryavyy Konstantin , Nose Manabu , Sawada Yasuyuki , Shangguan Ruo
Published: December 2023

This paper presents new evidence of the effects of road construction on both domestic and international trade flows in the People’s Republic of China using customs data and information on transport investments in the region. Road construction helped to reduce trade costs significantly from 2000 to 2011. The construction of the Kunming–Bangkok Expressway, in particular, led to local economic growth and higher regional specialization in accordance with comparative advantage, facilitating market integration across borders in the Greater Mekong Subregion.
Reflecting the past, envisioning the future: The journey of "democratic socialism"
Authors: Balunovic Filip , Mladenovic Ivica
Published: December 2023

This article examines the evolution of socialism as a political ideology, from its primitive origins in past societies to its contemporary incarnations. It opens with an overview of the foundational and universal principles of socialism concerning equality and common welfare, which can be established as the historical vertical of socialism from its inception to the present. The focus then shifts to the Industrial Revolution, with special emphasis on the significant contributions of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, who envisioned a classless society as a product of revolutionary engagement. The 20th century, marked by key events such as the Russian Revolution and the Cold War, witnessed the practical implementation of two versions of socialism: a hybrid one existing as ?real-socialism?, a competitive project to Western capitalism, and the other - also hybrid but in a different way - existing within Western capitalism, as part of a concession to dominated classes, in the form of the ?welfare state.? As a result of the global strength and desirability of the socialist project, this period was marked by many social and civilizational achievements, in both the West and the East, but also confronted with challenges of authoritarianism, economic crises, and democratic dysfunctionality. On the other hand, by the end of the 20th century, the socialist project - with the fall of the USSR - experienced a complete delegitimization in the West, while in China it was maintained in a perverted form. At the beginning of the 21st century, growing dissatisfaction with economic inequalities and political disillusionment, especially after the financial crisis of 2007/2008, reignited interest in an alternative socialist model, particularly in something vaguely and theoretically underdeveloped called ?democratic socialism.? The authors in the text argue that this renewed interest should be transformed into a theoretically and strategic-politically fruitful maneuver, constructing a new, radically democratic socialist project as the only project that emerges as a sustainable alternative to today?s socio-economic-ecological challenges.
The rise and fall of democratic socialism in Yugoslavia 1948-1972.
Authors: Beslin Milivoj , Zarkovic Petar
Published: December 2023

This article examines the complex trajectory of democratic socialism in Yugoslavia from 1948 to 1972, a period characterized by groundbreaking experimentation and subsequent retreat from socialist ideals. The study begins with Yugoslavia?s 1948 break from Stalin, marking the inception of its independent socialist path, distinct from the Soviet model. It highlights the implementation of innovative policies, particularly the model of worker self-management, reflecting Yugoslavia?s endeavor to marry socialist principles with democratic practices. These policies, initially successful in fostering economic growth and a unique Yugoslav identity, faced internal challenges of ethnic and national complexities and external pressures owing to its non-aligned stance during the Cold War. The article delves into the internal political dynamics and leadership strategies of Yugoslavia during this transformative period, which is a domain that has received less scholarly attention compared to Yugoslav economic and foreign policies. It scrutinizes how Tito and his contemporaries navigated the challenges of maintaining a socialist state while balancing the ideals of democracy with the practicalities of governance. Special attention is given to the interplay between domestic policies and international influences, offering a comprehensive view of the Yugoslav socialist experiment. The decline of democratic socialism in Yugoslavia, culminating in the political shifts of 1972, is portrayed not as an abrupt collapse but as a gradual process, marked by changes in both policy and ideology. The authors conclude that the Yugoslav experience provides valuable insights into the complexities of implementing socialism in a diverse and multifaceted society, illustrating both the potential and limitations of merging socialism with democratic principles.
Yugoslav communists and European far-left - from first supporters of Italian Eurocommunists to last allies of French neo-stalinists (1965-1985)
Authors: Filipovic Luka
Published: December 2023

Complex structural changes of social realty in SFRY and Western Europe during
post-war decades have created the need for the largest Marxist parties of
Europe outside Eastern Bloc to accommodate their party policies to new
political challenges and social circumstances. Gradually, communist parties
of Mediterranean started to contemplate creation of a new Marxist ideology
for the welfare state era, which in practice meant seizing attempts to
adjust principles of Bolshevik socialist model to their unique local
circumstances, and moving away from the influence of Soviet party. League of
Communists of Yugoslavia supported the reformist fractions of Italian,
French, Greek and Spanish communist parties, which opened the path for
further expansion of international influence and prestige of the Yugoslav
communists. However, historical evolution of SFRY state policies and
Yugoslav party ideology eventually took a different course than the reforms
of party policies and ideologies of early Eurocommunist parties. The purpose
of this article is to contribute to further understanding of the long term
social and historical process which created a drift between the leading
reformist parties of Europe. This is to be achieved by applying comparative
method to the results of archival research conducted on historical sources
that testify about the cooperation between Yugoslav, Italian and French
communists at various time points during the twenty year long period, while
using the findings of numerous historical, sociological and philosophical
books and articles in order to bring the research results in the appropriate
social and historical context.
Global china, (former) Yugoslavia, and socialism
Authors: Vangeli Anastas
Published: December 2023

This article grounds the study of socialism in the People?s Republic of China
(PRC), in a critical analysis of power, capitalism, and hegemony. The
governance of the Communist Party of China (CPC) is riddled with paradoxes
in shaping a distinct socialist model that observers from the West
frequently find challenging to digest. It is characterized by both inclusive
institutional innovation and authoritarian coercion; leveraging the power of
the state in achieving more just economic outcomes while reproducing unfair
capitalist social realities; and devising alternatives to the hegemonic
neoliberal globalization, while working on safeguarding the status quo and
the institutions upon which such hegemony rests. This complex Chinese model
is a product of experimentation and learning; some of the lessons that have
shaped it originate in the interaction with and reflection on socialist
Yugoslavia, whose example has been pivotal in how China has navigated
geopolitical complexities and implemented reforms. Finally, the article
discusses the contemporary interactions between Yugoslav successor states
and China, examining the nature of the impact of Global China and examine
any implications for the reflection on socialism in former Yugoslavia.
Social freedom and dignity of the human person according to Nikolai Berdyaev
Authors: Knezevic Romilo Aleksandar
Published: December 2023

Contemporary European democracies, and liberalism in particular, are
established upon the foundations of humanism. Humanism, as its name entails,
denotes the elevation of the human being and setting up of the person to the
centre of the universe. Humanism was a reaction against the mediaeval view
of the omnipotent and omniscient God, and seeks an understanding of the
human being that would fulfil his/her intuitive desire for genuine human
dignity. What kind of freedom would be sufficient and adequate for true
human dignity? Faced with this radical understanding of freedom, which
originates from, and is dictated by, the deepest realms of the human being,
most humanist thinkers chose to reject both God and the idea of the divine
icon. Humanism denied man?s divine sonship and proclaimed that man is the
son of nature. Hence, Humanism not only declared man?s self-confidence, but
it also debased him, by defining him as a product of natural necessity.
Liberalism, argues the Russian philosopher Berdyaev, has created a
?single-plane? being, it has separated the citizen from the integral
personality, by refusing to admit the spiritual dimension of the human
being. Berdyaev stresses that true freedom cannot be simply a formal
self-defence, but that it must rather lead to creative activity. This is why
the transition is inevitable from formal liberty, which protects us and
defends us, to true freedom capable not only of creatively transforming the
human society but also of creating a new world.
Joint characteristics and process parameters optimization on friction stir welding of AA 2024-T6 and AA 5083-H111 aluminium alloys
Authors: Sundaram Sakthivel , Kumarasamy Mohan
Published: December 2023

Friction stir welding (FSW) is a recent method for welding in a solid-state environments. The FSW parameters, namely pin rotation speed, welding speed, axial force and tool tilt angle affect weld joint microstructure and tensile strength. The study optimizes process settings to enhance mechanical properties and uses Response surface methodology (RSM) to predict the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of FS-welded AA 2024-T6 and AA 5083-H111.These parameters must be understood in order to get optimal mechanical qualities in manufacturing. The created model predicted tensile strength within 5 % of experimental data, helping optimize process parameters for FSW joints. Tool tilt angle affects heat, material flow, defect generation, welding force, and friction stir weld joint quality.
Total knee arthroplasty in patients with a proximal tibial stress fracture associated with bilateral severe knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Manojlovic Slavko , Dodik Rajko , Manojlovic Mirko , Jovicic Zeljko , Dragicevic-Cvjetkovic Dragana
Published: December 2023

Introduction/Objective. Proximal tibial stress fractures associated with bilateral severe knee osteoarthritis are rare and, due to possible consequences, are considered a treatment challenge. This paper aims to present the applied treatment method of these patients and its results. Methods. A prospective study followed 14 patients with an average age of 74.1 years and with unilateral proximal tibial stress fracture associated with bilateral severe knee osteoarthritis. Surgical treatment involved modular total knee arthroplasty (TKA) on the fracture side, in the first act, and contralateral standard TKA, in the second act, based on the severe osteoarthritis. Rehabilitation was performed for 21 days after both operations and included the following: kinesiotherapy, electrotherapy, magnetotherapy, hydrotherapy, and thermotherapy. Monitoring parameters were as follows: X-ray, range of motion, and WOMAC index. Monitoring periods were preoperative and three, six, and nine months after the first TKA surgery. Results. The radiological findings in all patients during these follow-up periods were normal. All tibial stress fractures healed within six months after surgery. Knee function was significantly improved nine months after the first TKA surgery compared to the preoperative finding. A statistically significant improvement in the physical functioning was found in all postoperative periods, especially nine months after the first TKA surgery (p < 0.05). Conclusion. Modular total knee arthroplasty on the tibial stress fracture side and delayed standard total knee arthroplasty of contralateral osteoarthritic knee combined by postoperative inpatient rehabilitation give optimal final functional outcome.
Investigation on the Airworthiness of a Novel Tri-Rotor Configuration for a Fixed Wing VTOL Aircraft
Authors: ARCO António , Vale José Lobo Do , Bazzocchi Sean , Suleman Afzal
Published: December 2023

In this paper, a novel tri-rotor configuration is proposed with the goal of granting vertical take-off and landing capabilities to a future concept of tiltrotor, fixed-wing, aircraft while minimizing the overall mass of the propulsive system and the amount of aerodynamic drag developed during horizontal flight. The novelty of the presented configuration is related not only to the thrust vectoring capabilities of all three rotors but also to the constraints surrounding the action of the rear rotor, which will be required to provide thrust during both vertical and horizontal flight stages while drawing power from an internal combustion engine fixed inside the aircraft's fuselage. Another distinctive feature of the proposed configuration is related to the 20/80 thrust distribution which exists between the front and rear rotors respectively in vertical flight, unlike the more conventional approach of having all three rotors evenly loaded. The proposed rotorcraft configuration was then translated into a test vehicle which was subjected to several stages of ground and flight testing, with the ultimate goal of evaluating the airworthiness of this multi-rotor configuration as a concept. This process also encompasses the development of a custom flight control firmware in PX4, required to operate not only this vehicle but also any other multi-rotor or Vertical Take-Off and Landing system with such configuration. Finally, a frequency-response based system identification technique is applied to the collected flight data as to obtain a suitable flight dynamics model for future autopilot tuning.
VPSA-Based Transfer Function Identification of Single DoF Copter System
Authors: Çiftçi Kübra , Şen Muhammed Arif , Bilgic Hasan Huseyin
Published: December 2023

In this study, an experimental set of a Single-DoF Copter system is created and transfer functions that could model the dynamics of the physical system with high accuracy were investigated. In order to model the dynamics of the physical system with the highest accuracy, the five different transfer functions have been proposed, in which the zero and pole values are determined by optimizing with the Vibrating Particle System Algorithm. Integral Square Error (ISE), Integral Time Square Error (ITSE), Integral Absolute Error (IAE), Integral Time Absolute Error (ITAE) functions, which are widely used in the literature in determining transfer functions, are determined as fitness functions. In order to verify the transfer functions, the responses of the transfer functions and the experimental system response are presented comparatively, and their suitability was evaluated. It has been observed that the proposed method is successful in defining the transfer function of the experimental system, and the compatibility of the obtained transfer functions with the system response is between 75.407% and 98.612% accuracy.
Ethnic, educational and religious aspects in the state-forming ideology of ukrainian nationalists in the first half of the 20th century
Authors: Vasyliv Solomia , Bychovyi Danylo
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to issues of the ideology of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) in the field of education, church and religion, issues of national minorities and peoples who lived on the territory of Ukraine in the first half of the 20th century. The authors note that in the interwar period, the OUN did not attach much importance to the issue of national minorities, and among some members of the OUN there was a somewhat critical attitude towards the Polish and Russian peoples. Such a situation with regard to the mentioned national groups was determined by historical realities, as well as by such factors as the deterioration of the attitude of the Polish authorities towards Ukrainians in Galicia, mass repressions and famines against Ukrainians in the territories controlled by the USSR. The position of representatives of the OUN towards national minorities was changing and brought its positive results, which is confirmed by the facts of the cooperation of the OUN and the UPA with representatives of various national minorities, including Russians, Poles, Jews and others. The article also analyzes the views of all OUN groups on the role of religion in the state, which evolved over time in the direction of democratic standards of religious pluralism and indifference. The role of the religious factor in the education of citizens was defined as paramount. The need to unify churches was put forward as a priority idea. It was the Christian religion that was recognized as the basis of morality and spiritual peace of the Ukrainian people, and the unification of Ukrainian Christian churches was considered a national necessity. Ukrainian nationalists were aware of the leading role of the educational sphere in the promotion of statist ideas, and therefore promoted absolute state control over the latter. As the authors note, the state ideology in the independent Ukrainian state was to be Ukrainian nationalism. In the concepts of the future Ukrainian state, considerable attention was also paid to the problem of the individual, his role in the life of society and the state. Nationalists argued that the rights of each person are directly proportional to the duties to the nation.
Evaluation of thoracic paravertebral block for pain relief in rib fractures
Authors: Yadav Tarun , Bansal Gunjan , Golhar Mayuri , Ghai Anju
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Fracture of ribs causes severe pain which in turn activates the cascade of respiratory compromise. Pain management with regional blocks is considered one of the promising techniques. Thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) is a proven technique considered at par with epidural analgesia. But its blind landmark-based technique has a potential risk of pneumothorax. Ultrasound gives advantage of real time visualization which decreases complications and enhance its success rate. So, we conducted this study to gauge the efficacy and utility of ultrasound guided thoracic paravertebral block.

Material and methods: Twenty patients were administered TPVB under ultrasound guidance with 15 milliliters of 0.25 % inj bupivacaine and 2 mg per kg fentanyl who had multiple rib fractures of unilateral hemithorax. For prolonged pain relief a catheter was left in place to administer recurring boluses. The parameters noted were superior costotransverse ligament (SCTL), skin to SCTL distance, skin to pleura distance, VAS at rest & at cough, respiratory rate arterial blood gas parameters at various time intervals.

Results: Thoracic paravertebral space was easily identified in each patient with ultrasound. We discovered significant pain relief in terms of VAS score at rest & at cough at different time intervals. Respiratory rate and arterial blood gas parameters improved with the use of ultrasound guided thoracic paravertebral block.

Conclusion: Sonographic out of plane sagittal thoracic paravertebral block is a successful technique in rib fracture patients to provide effective pain relief and also ameliorates respiratory rate and oxygenation.
Can chest computed tomography be useful to emergency residents in the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia?
Authors: Kozak Doğancan , Bektaş Ahmet Fırat , Korkut Mustafa , Işkorur Caner
Published: December 2023

Aim: During the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, the workload of emergency department residents (ER) has increased since emergency departments (EDs) are among the first health units to which patients apply. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of chest computed tomography (CT) interpretations of emergency department residents in the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia.

Material and methods: Patients who admitted to the tertiary ED between 30.03.2020 and 30.12.2020 with suspected COVID-19 pneumonia and underwent chest CT imaging were retrospectively analyzed. Chest CT images previously reported by the radiologist were reinterpreted by the ER and the diagnostic performance of the ER for COVID-19 pneumonia was calculated.

Results: The study included 2045 patients with suspected COVID-19 pneumonia. Chest CT images of all patients were interpreted and compared by a radiologist and the ER In this study, interpretation by a radiologist was considered as the gold standard. In all patients, the diagnostic performance capacity of ER for COVID-19 pneumonia included a low sensitivity of 66%, a high specificity of 92%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 83% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 82%. When patients with positive COVID-19 RT-PCR test results were analyzed, the highest sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of ER were 96%, 82%, 95%, 95% and 86%, respectively.

Conclusion: ER detected COVID-19 pneumonia in COVID-19 (+) patients with high diagnostic value and excluded inconsistent findings. Chest CT interpretation in the ER has a high diagnostic value. It is as important as any other radiologist in outbreak management in the ED.
Pre-consultation history taking systems and their impact on modern practices: Advantages and limitations
Authors: Zhakhina Gulnur , Tapinova Karina , Kanabekova Perizat , Kainazarov Temirlan
Published: December 2023

The practice of gathering a patient's medical history has been a cornerstone of healthcare for centuries, providing the foundation for accurate diagnoses and effective treatment plans. However, traditional face-to-face consultations have limitations, including incomplete histories due to time constraints and potential communication barriers. To address these challenges, pre-consultation history taking systems emerged as a transformative solution, leveraging technology to optimize data collection and patient engagement. This review article explores the evolution, benefits, limitations, and impact of pre-consultation history taking systems on modern healthcare practices. These systems enable patients to respond to questionnaires or surveys before their scheduled appointments, empowering them to provide comprehensive medical histories at their own pace. Consequently, healthcare providers gain deeper insights into patients' health status, previous medical conditions, family history, lifestyle choices, and medication history. The significance of pre-consultation history taking lies in its potential to improve the quality of healthcare services. By obtaining more detailed and accurate medical histories before appointments, healthcare providers can optimize consultation time, enabling them to focus on addressing specific concerns and making informed decisions. Furthermore, patient engagement is enhanced, fostering a sense of collaboration between patients and healthcare professionals. Despite the advantages, the article addresses certain limitations, such as the digital divide and data accuracy concerns. Ensuring accessibility for all patient populations and maintaining robust data security measures are essential considerations. However, as technology continues to advance, pre-consultation history taking holds the promise of transforming the healthcare landscape and improving patient outcomes.
A rare neurological complication of COVID-19: Pediatric Miller Fisher Syndrome. A case report
Authors: Mukhaliyev Yerdan , Rahmatulla Ulmira , Mayufi Amina , Zhylkybay Zhansaya
Published: December 2023

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has significantly transformed the world. While it was initially viewed as a respiratory virus, it has now been found to cause cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and psychological complications. Moreover, the nervous system (NS) is also greatly affected. Research has identified dizziness, headaches, as well as disturbances in one's taste and smell abilities as the most frequent symptoms of NS involvement. Even more significant changes may occur in patients who get infected with SARS CoV-2, such as the development of acute cerebrovascular disorders (stroke), multiple sclerosis, acute disseminated encephalitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, encephalitis, and myelitis. It is important to note these potential complications and monitor patients closely. A retrospective study conducted in Wuhan, China revealed that CNS (central nervous system) involvement occurred three times more frequently than PNS (peripheral nervous system) involvement. This emphasizes the critical importance of studying and describing CNS manifestations. This case report depicts Miller Fisher syndrome in a 5-month-old infant after SARS CoV-2 infection and explores literature on pediatric cases and potential pathogenic mechanisms.
Prediction of Caffeine and Protein of Arabica Coffee Beans Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS)
Authors: Yuwita Fitri , Ifmalinda Ifmalinda , Makky Muhammad
Published: December 2023

Testing the chemical components of coffee beans has so far been carried out conventionally with laboratory analysis which requires a long time and is expensive. Technological advances allow testing of chemical components to be carried out quickly and accurately using the NIRS (Near Infra Red Spectroscopy) method. This research aims to develop a prediction model for caffeine and protein in Solok Radjo coffee beans using the NIRS method. Solok Radjo coffee is a type of Arabica with specialty grade because of its very strong character, aroma and taste. A total of 30 samples with a weight of 6 g per sample were used in this study. This research uses NIRS Type FT-IR IPTEK T-1516 with a wavelength of 1000 - 2500 nm. The partial least squares (PLS) method was used to process the data with several SNV, MN, and MSC pretreatments to improve the model. The research results show that caffeine is found at wavelengths of 1456 - 1475 nm, 1937 - 1974 nm. Proteins 1455 - 1475 nm, and 1935 - 1974 nm. MSC pretreatment is able to improve PLS performance results. Caffeine calibration values are R2 = 0.996 and SEC = 0.002%, validation values R2 = 0.989, SEP = 0.002%, and RPD 11.869 while protein calibration R2 = 0.999 and SEC = 0.004%, Validation values R2 = 0.999, SEP = 0.010%, and RPD 19,943. NIRS can be used to predict the chemical components of Solok Radjo coffee non-destructively using the PLS method. Key work: Caffeine, NIRS, PLS, predict, protein
Land Suitability Assessments for The Palm Plantation (Arenga pinnata L.) As Non-Timber Forest Product Using Geographic Information System
Authors: Faadhilah Athiyyah Faadhilah , Karuniasa Mahawan , Tumuyu Sri Setiawati
Published: December 2023

The use of sugar palm plants as a producer of palm sugar, which is a non-timber forest product (NTFP) is considered not optimal and has the potential to be cultivated. Assessing land suitability is necessary for assessing the potential of land resources to provide information and production values. This study aims to analyze land suitability for sugar palm plantations as measured by climate, land physical properties, and a combination of these parameters. The research was conducted in Baru Ranji Village, Merbau Mataram District, South Lampung Regency, using spatial analysis methods through the use of overlay, matching, and scoring techniques through the Geographic Information System (GIS). The results showed that climatic parameters become limiting factors and only shift the level of land suitability and when combined with the physical parameters, the land was suitable for sugar palm cultivation. The use of agroforestry system in social forestry for sugar palm cultivation can increase economic and environmental conservation value. Keywords:   Agroforestry, Conservation, Cultivated, Palm sugar, Social Forestry
The Use of Rice Harvest Residue as Soil Amendment for Growth and Yield of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) on Acid Sulfate Soil
Authors: Suyanto Agus , Rahayu Sri , Irianti Agnes Tutik Purwani , Suryani Rini
Published: December 2023

The area of rice fields in Indonesia decreased every year. Acid sulfate soil, which was sub-marginal land, had the potential to be converted into rice fields, but it needed improvement, one of which was by using organic materials as ameliorants. This research aimed to obtain the best composition of applying rice harvest residue as an ameliorant on acid sulfate soil in improving the growth and yield of rice. The research was conducted at the greenhouse of Panca Bhakti University Pontianak from January to April 2022. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The treatments consisted of: p0: Control, p1: Rice straw = 40 gr/polybag, p2: Rice husk = 40 gr/polybag, p3: Rice husk charcoal = 40 gr/polybag, p4: Rice husk ash = 40 gr/polybag, p5: Rice straw + rice husk, p6: Rice straw + rice husk charcoal, p7: Rice straw + rice husk ash, p8: Rice husk + rice husk charcoal, p9: Rice husk + rice husk ash, p10: Rice husk charcoal + rice husk ash, with each material weighing 20 gr/polybag. The observation variables were plant height, number of tillers, number of productive tillers, dry weight of grains per hill, and 100-grain weight. Analysis of variance used F-test and continued with Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at the 5% level. The application of rice harvest residue had a better effect on the growth and yield of rice than the treatment without the application of rice harvest residue. Treatment p6 had the best effect on the dry weight of grains per hill, which was 65.67 grams. Keywords:   Acidic Sulfate Soils, Ameliorant, Rice, Rice husk charcoal, Straw
The Effect of Yeast Dose and Fermentation Time on the Quality of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO)
Authors: Nahak Delfrida Karlani , Satmalawati MM Endah Mulat , Naisali Hyldegardis
Published: December 2023

Coconut are tropical plants and can be easily found in Indonesia. Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) is one of the products produced from coconut beans. VCO is processed using fermentation techniques to maintain its quality and purity. This study aimed to determine the effect of yeast dosage and fermentation time on VCO yield, water content, and free fatty acids. Yeast dosage and fermentation time were the two treatment factors used in this study with a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD). To assess the impact of each treatment, the data was analyzed by using ANOVA with the significance level of 95%, followed using the Zeleny method analysis to find the best treatment condition. The oil found in this study was in compliance with SNI 7381:2008 and Asian Pacific Coconut Community (APCC) standards. The effect of yeast dose and fermentation period on oil yield, water content, and free fatty acid content in VCO was significant at α = 0.05. The results of the analysis showed that the best treatment condition was found at a yeast rate of 10 g and a fermentation time of 20 h. This treatment resulted about 15.67% oil yield with 0.2% moisture content and 0.2% free fatty acids.  Keywords: Virgin coconut oil; yeast; time; yield; free fatty acid
Experimental and Analytical Studies of the Toxicity of Combustion Products, Detection and Extinguishing of Fires in the Pressurized Pressure Chambers in Environments Enriched with Oxygen and at the Alevated Pressure
Authors:   FGBU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia, Bolodyan I.A. , Vogman L.P. ,   FGBU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia, Korolchenko D.A. ,   National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering,   Institute of Integrated Safety in Construction
Published: December 2023

Experimental and analytical studies were carried out related to the detection and extinguishing of fires, the toxicity of products in equipment with oxygen-enriched media and at elevated pressure. Toxicity of combustion products in the pressurized pressure chambers is due to the release of aerosol particles and gaseous products of thermal-oxidative destruction of materials, for which empirical dependences are presented over a wide temperature range allowing calculations to determine the integral relative yields of reaction products. Analysis of the experimental results shows that the increase in the mass yield of aerosol particles occurs more intensely than that of toxic gases, and a noticeable release of gases begins at a temperature of about 523 K, while the release of dispersed particles occurs already at a temperature of approximately 473 K. At the early stage of thermal destruction in the temperature range 473–623 K, the yield of aerosols is 5 times higher than the yield of gases by mass. When the temperature rises close to the ignition temperature, the combustion source can be detected using gaseous products, in particular CO and CO2. Justification for the methodology for assessing the main parameters of fire extinguishing in the pressurized chambers is given. The most important elements of the main components, elements and installation as a whole are: inertia, intensity of supply of fire extinguishing agent. Dependence obtained analytically, which was confirmed in experiments, between the extinguishing time and the intensity of the supply of fire extinguishing agent is presented, which considers the characteristics of the environmental parameters in the chamber and the thermophysical properties of the flame. Dependences were obtained related to the extinguishing time on the intensity of the supply of sprayed water, on the size of the sample, and on the oxygen content in the chamber atmosphere. Results of the experimental studies indicate that changes in oxygen concentration in the atmosphere have a more noticeable effect on extinguishing parameters than changes in gas pressure.
Key Aspects of Preventing the Occurrence and Minimizing the Consequences of Accidents at Hazardous Production Facilities of the Oil and Gas Complex
Authors:   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Shabanova V.V. , Solodovnikov A.V. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University,   Scientific and Technical Center «AKTAU»
Published: December 2023

Analysis of the existing legal requirements for operating organizations in terms of preventing the development and minimization of accidents consequences from the point of view of the «technology — equipment — personnel» system was carried out, and measures were proposed that are efficient safety barriers within the framework of the organizations readiness to act to localize and eliminate the accidents consequences. First of all, the operating organizations are obliged to guarantee the safety of the technological system of oil and gas complex facilities. Requirements for ensuring the safety of a technological system are established by the design documentation, including on the basis of calculation methods and hazard analysis of the technological processes. In the course of the conducted analysis of the causes of occurred accidents, it was revealed that one of the most common causes of accidents at the oil and gas complex facilities is the lack of technological regulations or their non-compliance with the established requirements. Carrying out a technological process and performing operations not provided for by the technological regulations can lead to an accident with significant consequences. Based on the analysis, it was revealed that one more of the most common cause of accidents is the operation of buildings, structures and technical devices that expired their established service life. When operating oil and gas complex facilities, special attention should be paid to staffing levels and personnel training. In addition to the mandatory requirements, it is recommended that a standard accident message be developed to help reduce the amount of time spent communicating in stressful situations. Failure to take measures on preventing and minimizing the consequences of accidents can negatively affect the activities of operating organizations, both in terms of image and financial components.
Analysis of the Consequences of an Explosive Accident on the Territory of an Industrial Enterprise
Authors:   NRU MGSU, Komarov A.A. , Shangaraev R.R. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: December 2023

The article describes the types of explosions, the conditions for their occurrence and the characteristics of their behavior. Based on the image of a mushroom cloud of explosion products that occurred at the optical-mechanical plant in Sergiev Posad, the approximate amount of the explosive involved in tritol equivalent was calculated, which amounted to 1750 kg. Based on this, an assessment of shock and explosive loads was carried out, and the degree of destruction of nearby buildings was determined. The calculated blast loads are described and compared with actual damage. An explosion of a similar mass of matter extended three times in time was assessed. For this case, the calculated loads are also given, which were compared with real damage. As a result of the calculations, it was concluded that, most likely, there was an explosion of the scattered substance. It was accompanied by a set of explosive phenomena moving from one combustion mode to another, as a result of which the duration of the explosive effect was increased by no less than three times. Thus, having information about emergency explosions, it is possible to reconstruct the scenario of the occurrence and development of an emergency situation, which is important when investigating similar incidents.