bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genotipos G de rotavirus durante 10 años en niños con diarrea aguda de la ciudad de La Rioja, Argentina. Implicancias en la vacunación.
Authors: Cordoba Patricia Alejandra
Published: August 2018

La vacunación para rotavirus es obligatoria en Argentina desde enero del 2015. Los genotipos G de rotavirus circulantes previo a la vacunación no fueron estudiados en la Provincia de La Rioja. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar los genotipos G de rotavirus que circulan en La Rioja en niños con diarrea desde 2000 a 2010. Se determinó la presencia de rotavirus del Grupo A por Inmunocromatografía (Biomerieux) en 418 muestras de materias fecales obtenidas en niños con diarrea aguda, hospitalizados y ambulatorios, en ciudad de La Rioja, Argentina. El 40 % de los niños estudiados provenía del interior de la provincia. Las 90 muestras positivas (21,53%) fueron amplificadas por RT-PCR y genotipificadas por Multiplex-PCR para genotipos G1, G2, G3, G4, G9 y G8. Los resultados muestran que el genotipo más frecuente de2000 a2003 fue G1 pero que desde el 2008 se detectaron los genotipos G2, G3 y G9 en infecciones simples y mixtas. Los genotipos G9 y las infecciones mixta, cuádruple y quíntuple, se presentaron en niños menores de un año de vida.
Este es el primer reporte de los genotipos G de rotavirus en La Rioja. Los resultados indican que los genotipos G circulantes de rotavirus son compatibles con los que se dispone en la vacuna aunque la presencia de infecciones mixtas y Genotipo G9 en niños menores de un año sugieren una mayor vulnerabilidad de este grupo para la aparición de cepas con derivas génicas durante la implementación de la vacunación en esta Provincia
Bioavailability of phenolic compounds and redox state of murine liver and kidney as sex-dependent responses to phytoextracts
Authors: Albrecht Claudia , Guzmán María Laura , Cittadini María Cecilia , Canalis Alejandra Mariel , Valentich Mirta Ana , Olivera María Eugenia , Soria Elio Andrés
Published: August 2018

Antecedentes: Es posible obtener extractos vegetales que contengan compuestos bioactivos, aplicables en la prevención y el tratamiento de diferentes enfermedades. Esto apoya además el consumo de infusiones como bebidas funcionales. No obstante, no se conoce completamente si estos extractos son capaces de actuar como fuentes y vehículos efectivos de compuestos fenólicos (fenoles/polifenoles) para alcanzar sus blancos. Objetivo: Establecer si la ingestión de fitoextractos modifica de manera sexo-dependiente la biodisponibilidad de fenoles y la respuesta redox en hígado y riñón. Métodos: Ratones BALB/C consumieron durante un mes 100 mg/Kg/d de extracto (derivado de infusión), proveniente de Aspidosperma quebracho-blanco (AQB), Lantana grisebachii (LG) o Ilex paraguariensis (IP). Luego, se analizaron por espectrofotometría fenoles, peróxidos y nitritos. Además, se evaluó in vitro la absorción de fenoles de extractos digeridos y no digeridos con un ensayo que emplea yeyuno de rata. Resultados: La absorción de fenoles dependió de la digestión del extracto. En machos, IP mostró una curva temporal de fenoles hepáticos, mientras todos los extractos los disminuyeron a los 15 días. Los extractos indujeron lipoperóxidos hepáticos. LG redujo hidroperóxidos renales a los 15 días y nitritos hepáticos a los 30 días, mientras AQB e IP redujeron lipoperóxidos y nitritos en riñón a los 30. En hembras, los extractos disminuyeron los hidroperóxidos, con LG and AQB también reduciendo lipoperóxidos. IP incrementó lipoperóxidos renales tras 30 días. Conclusión: IP fue una fuente relevante de fenoles. Se hallaron respuestas sexo-dependientes en todas las variables, lo que debe ser considerado para evitar generalizaciones incorrectas en la bioprospección de drogas vegetales.
Estudio exploratorio de las características socio-demográficas y psicopatológicas de personas denunciadas como agresores de violencia doméstica en la Ciudad de Córdoba.
Authors: Roldan Mariela , Bella Monica , Dionisio Leandro
Published: August 2018

Ciencias Médicas Universidad Nacional de Córdoba.

Resumen

La violencia doméstica es actualmente un problema de salud pública debido a su magnitud y repercusiones sociosanitarias. Objetivo: explorar las características epidemiológicas sociodemográficas y psicopatológicas  de personas denunciadas como agresores en la ciudad de Córdoba. Material y Métodos: estudio exploratorio, retrospectivo y transversal de los registros de personas denunciadas como presuntos agresores de violencia intrafamiliar en la fiscalía de violencia familiar de los tribunales Judiciales Provinciales de Córdoba Capital en el período junio 2011 a mayo 2012. Resultados: el (86%) fueron varones y el (14%) mujeres con una  edad de ±35 años. La violencia de pareja fue la más prevalente en el (69%). El grupo etario más comprometido fue el de 20 a 39 años El tipo de lesión más frecuente fue la amenaza (45,6%), seguida de lesiones graves (35,3%). La mayor parte de  los casos no presentó diagnóstico de trastorno mental (64,3%). El trastorno mental más frecuente fue el consumo de sustancia (28,3%). Conclusión: el tipo de violencia denunciada con mayor frecuencia fue la violencia intrafamiliar de pareja y afectó a la gente de edad joven y productiva mostrando un comportamiento de género y factores de riesgo social.
ENFERMEDAD CELIACA SILENTE EN UNA PACIENTE OBESA
Authors: Real Delor Raúl Emilio
Published: August 2018

Se presenta caso de paciente obesa a quien se le realiza endoscopía digestiva alta por disfagia tras ingesta accidental de hueso de pollo. Se constata leve esofagitis de reflujo y atrofia duodenal. La biopsia intestinal informa atrofia intestinal con infiltrado inflamatorio. Los autoanticuerpos para enfermedad celiaca resultan positivos. La paciente nunca presentó síntomas digestivos. Se confirma enfermedad celiaca silente e inicia dieta sin gluten.
Declarative and Procedural Memory as Individual Differences in Second Language Aptitude
Authors: Buffington Joshua , Morgan-Short Kara
Published: August 2018

Domain-general approaches to second language acquisition (SLA) have considered how individual differences in cognitive abilities contribute to foreign language aptitude. Here, we specifically consider the role of two, long-term, cognitive memory systems, i.e., declarative and procedural memory, as individual differences in SLA. In doing so, we define and review evidence for the long-term declarative and procedural memory systems, consider theories that address a role for declarative and procedural memory in L2 acquisition, discuss evidence in support of the claims that these theories make, and conclude with discussion of important directions and questions for future research on the role of declarative and procedural memory as individual differences in assessing L2 aptitude.
PENGARUH KONFLIK PERAN GANDA TERHADAP KINERJA MELALUI STRES KERJA
Authors: Burhanuddin Trisna Dewi , Sjahruddin Herman , Mus Abd. Mansyur
Published: August 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh konflik peran ganda terhadap kinerja melalui stres kerja karyawan pada PT. Bank Mega Tbk. Makassar. Pengumpulan data menggunakan data primer yang diperoleh dari kuesioner dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling atau judgemental sampling. Populasinya adalah karyawan PT. Bank Mega Tbk. Makassar yang berjumlah 87 karyawan, kriteria penarikan sampel adalah hanya karyawan yang telah menikah dan memiliki anak yang dapat digunakan sebagai sampel sehingga diperoleh jumlah sampel sebesar 49 orang karyawan. Analisis yang digunakan dalam pengujian hipotesis adalah Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) WarpPLS versi, 5.0. Hasil penelitian ini secara parsial konflik peran ganda berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap stres kerja, stres kerja berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan, konflik peran ganda berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan, konflik peran ganda berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja melalui stres kerja karyawan
The use of Sentinel-2 MSI data in small island's nearshore benthic habitat mapping
Authors: Fauzan M. Afif
Published: August 2018

Maps of nearshore marine habitat are vital for coastal management and conservation. While traditional field mapping techniques are still commonly used, airborne and satellite remote sensing have proven to be efficient alternatives for creating benthic habitat maps. This paper evaluates the capability of new satellite data, Sentinel-2 MSI, to map nearshore benthic habitat of Derawan Island. Available aerial photographs were used as reference data. The results show that Sentinel-2 MSI data can be used to map benthic habitat with accuracy up to 75%.
Determining historical distribution patterns of fur seals to aid management efforts in the Southern Ocean
Authors: Open Communications for The Ocean OCTO
Published: August 2018

Determining how species distributions have changed due to human activity can be difficult without robust historical records. In the absence of such data, species distribution models can be used to predict where a species might have lived based on the environmental variables that support the species. The authors used satellite data of the Southern Ocean to predict the historical distribution patterns of Antarctic fur seals within the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) to aid management efforts in the region.
Attentional suppression is delayed for threatening distractors
Authors: Burra Nicolas , Pittet Coralie , Barras Caroline , Kerzel Dirk
Published: August 2018

According to the threat-capture hypothesis, fear-related stimuli have a high attentional priority. As a result, irrelevant-but-salient stimuli interfere more with a visual search task when they are perceived as threatening. We investigated the neural basis for behavioral interference in conditions that promote attentional suppression of distracting stimuli (i.e., easy search with fixed target/distractor roles). In Experiment 1, participants discriminated the shape of a neutral target (a flower), which competed for selection with a threat-related (spider) or neutral (leaf) distractor. In line with prior results, we observed larger interference from spider than leaf distractors. At an electrophysiological level, we found that participants actively suppressed both distractors as evidenced by the presence of a posterior positivity between 200-300 ms, the PD. Critically, the PD was delayed with spider compared to leaf distractors. Further, in the spider distractor condition, the offset of the PD component correlated with response time to complete the search task when the spider was present. Experiment 2 was a control experiment where we confirmed that the results depended on the execution of the peripheral search task. When participants performed a localization task on the fixation cross, the decisive results from Experiment 1 were not replicated despite equal peripheral stimulation. Our results indicate that the behavioral delay incurred by threatening stimuli is accompanied by a delay of suppressive mechanisms. In contrast, we found no evidence for initial capture followed by suppression that may be predicted by hypervigilance-avoidance theory.
Impact of Supplement Diets on Flights of Cross Breed Honeybee (Apis mellifera L.)
Authors: Thapa RB , Pokhrel S
Published: August 2018

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the response of supplement diets on flight activities of cross breed honeybee (Apis mellifera Lin.) in Chitwan, Nepal. The experiment consisted of five replications and four feeding treatments: feeding low dose sugar (syrup of 166 g sugar); feeding high dose sugar (syrup of 333 g sugar); feeding modified diet (syrup of 166 g sugar + 30 g pollen substitute); and control (no diet supplement except 250 g sugar honey candy to prevent from starvation). Each hive (replication) consisted of five-framed A. mellifera colony, which were fed for six days with four days breaks in each feeding and altogether eleven feedings were provided. Sugar syrup feeding stimulated bee foragers flights by 908-987% out-going and 578-704% in-coming, respectively. Modified diet (low dose sugar syrup combined with pollen substitute) was suitable for off-season management of honeybee colonies, which supported high rate of flight activities i.e. 3.3 times out-going and 2.8 times in-coming as compared to the control colonies. Other treatments were intermediate types. The combined diet also showed higher flights than feeding low dose sugar syrup alone indicating necessity of feeding appropriate diet during off-season under Chitwan condition for good flight and foraging activities of honeybees.

Key words: Pollen substitutes, sugar syrup/sugar-honey candy, out-going, in-coming, cross breed

J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci. 26:71-76 (2005)
Alternative to Off-Season Sugar Supplement Feeding of Honeybees
Authors: Neupane KR , Thapa RB
Published: August 2018

An experiment was conducted at Gorkha Bee Farm, Yagyapuri, Chitwan during rainy season of 2005 to investigate alternative to sugar supplement feeding and reduce cost feeding during off- season. Apis mellifera L. honeybee colonies were prepared with 5 frames of covering bees and 3.5 frames of broods and a queen of similar quality each of five different supplemental feedings: i) sugar syrup (1:1 sugar and water); ii) rice bran syrup (100 gm rice bran soaked in 1 lit water and after 4 hours blended, filtered and added 200 gm sugar + 20 gm honey and required water to make 1 lit); iii) maize syrup (100 gm maize flour soaked in 1 lit water and after 4 hours blended, filtered and added 200 gm sugar + 20 gm honey and required water to make 1 lit); iv) banana syrup (100 gm ripen peeled banana mixed in 1 lit water, blended, filtered and added 200 gm sugar + 20 gm honey and required water to make 1 lit); and v) pumpkin syrup (100 gm boiled pumpkin after removing outer hard core mixed in 1 lit water, blended, filtered and added 200 gm sugar + 20 gm honey and required water to make 1 lit) was placed inside the hive in a division board feeder @ 30 ml per frame of honeybees per day at an interval of 3 days. Feeding honeybees with sugar syrup increased number of brood cells by 53.5%, brood frames by 37.1% and frames covered by bees by 32.0%. Honeybee colonies when fed with banana and pumpkin syrup increased brood cells by 16.3% and 2.8%, brood frames by 17.1% and 8.6% and bees covered number of frames by 12.0% and 3.2%, respectively. Number of brood cells, brood frames and covered frames by bee remained almost constant when honeybees fed with pumpkin syrup. On the other hand, feeding bee colonies with maize and rice bran syrup decreased the number of brood cells by 11.2% and 35.2%, brood frames by 11.4% and11.4% and bees covered frames by 24.0% and 24.0%, respectively. The cost of off-season feeding was the highest (Rs. 247.0) for sugar syrup followed by maize syrup (Rs. 140.4), banana syrup (Rs. 117.4), rice bran (Rs. 113.4), and pumpkin syrup (Rs.105.4). All of the feeding materials were safe to bee feeding. Banana syrup feeding was found superior to others, and therefore, its supplementation can reduce the cost of sugar feeding by more than 50% and increase brood production during off-season.

Key words: Off- season, honeybee feeding, sugar supplement

J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci. 26:77-81 (2005)
Performance of Mulberry Silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) under Leaf and Shoot Feeding Methods
Authors: Thapa RB , Ghimire NP
Published: August 2018

Two batches of newly hatched J12 x C12 strain worms were reared in two separate trays feeding one with succulent Kanva-2 mulberry twigs and another with soft and tender chopped leaves of the same mulberry variety up to third molt. Then after, 200 worms per tray with six replications were fed on leaf and shoot separately throughout the larval period including combinations of leaf and shoot feeding to young and grown up instars. The result indicated that shoot feeding and its inclusion to leaf feeding were significantly better giving encouraging results (41.76 kg cocoon/box) and high remunerative return (Rs. 7295/box) compared to leaf feeding (38.56 kg cocoon/box) and earning (Rs. 6705.28/box), respectively.

Key words: Mulberry silkworm, leaf vs shoot feeding, larval duration, shell ratio, cocoon yield

J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci. 26:83-86 (2005)
Screening of Cucumber Germplasms for High Temperature and Long Day Photoperiodic Tolerance
Authors: Shakya SM , Bhattarai SP , Tripathi KM , Sharma MD
Published: August 2018

A total of 139 cucumber germplasms collected from within the country and abroad were sown on May 15 and 29, 2000 on single row observation at Horticulture Farm, Lamjung Campus, Lamjung and Yampaphant, Tanahun, respectively. The germplasms varied widely in leaf color, duration of producing the first male and female flowers after sowing, number of node bearing first male and female flowers, number of nodes and branches per plant, sex ratio, number of female flowers and fruits per plant, yield per plant and market acceptability of the fruits at both sites. Altogether, 25 entries produced fruits at Yampaphant. Of them, the entry collected from Makwanpur (seed distributed by the Plan Office) and the next entry collected from Dhankuta and named Dhankuta Local produced the highest fruit yield of 4.69 and 4.50 kg/plant, respectively. At Lamjung site, the entry named Mahyco Green Long produced the highest yield of 1.77 kg/plant followed by Bhaktapur Local with 1.67 kg/plant. Only ten entries produced yield at both sites. Of them, the entry collected from Suryapur of Chitwan gave the highest yield of 2.59 and 1.17 kg/plant at Yampaphant and Lamjung, respectively. Hence, these collections were found the most promising with high tolerance to high temperature and long day photoperiod condition as compared to other entries.

Key words: Cucumber germplasm, screening, high temperature, long day

J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci. 27:45-51 (2006)
Growth and Persistenceof Common Temperature Pasture Species under Low Light and Low R:FR Ratio
Authors: Devkota NR
Published: August 2018

The effects of varied PAR and R:FR ratio on tillering and shoot dry weight production of temperate pasture species were evaluated at Massey University New Zealand using split-plot design with four blocks. The main plots were % transmitted PAR (photosynthetically active radiation; mmoles photons m-2 s-1, 400- 700 nm) and R:FR ratios (red to far red ratios) with 2 x 2 factors of PAR and R: FR, i.e. medium (38 and 39%) and low (16 and 17%) PAR-each with two natural (1.33 and 1.34) and two reduced (0.57 each) R:FR ratios. The treatment combination was such that each low and medium PAR level had a natural and a reduced R:FR ratio. PAR levels with natural R: FR ratio were imposed by differing densities of neutral shade cloth (Sarlon) with a layer of clear filter, while low R:FR ratio was created with the use of a blue filter. Nine pasture cultivars of seven pasture species: Dactylis glomerata L., Grasslands Wana (cocksfoot); Dactylis glomerata L., PG 74 (cocksfoot); Dactylis glomerata L., PG 321 (cocksfoot); Lolium perenne L. (perennial ryegrass); Holcus lanatus L. (Yorkshire fog); Agrostis capillaris (browntop); Poa trivialis; Trifolium repens L. (white clover), and Lotus uliginosus (lotus) were grown in pots as subplots with four replicate blocks. Six plants were maintained per pot. Plants were harvested at 61 days after imposing shade. There was no effect of R:FR ratio (P>0.05) on the shoot dry weight per plant, however, significant differences (P<0.05) for PAR, species, and interaction of PAR, species for shoot dry weight was observed. At low PAR, Lolium perenne, Dactylis glomerata (Wana) and Holcus lanatus had the highest and similar yields, whereas the yield of white clover and lotus were similar and less than for all the grass species. Effects of PAR as well as R:FR were significant (P<0.001) for total tillers per plant in the shade. Poa trivialis, Agrostis capillaris and Lolium perenne had the highest number of tillers/plant at the low PAR and low R:FR, but did not contribute to higher shoot dry weight at the low PAR, mainly due to their low weight per tiller. Likewise, SLA was significantly (P<0.01) increased by low PAR but not by low R:FR. Lotus produced a higher (P<0.001) number of branches at the low PAR than white clover. Comparatively better performance of cocksfoot, especially at low PAR, was mainly due to the ability to produce higher leaf area, higher SLA, and more tillers per plant. The results are discussed in terms of the effects of PAR and R:FR on the yield and yield components with respect to the attributes of shade tolerant pasture species.

Key words: PAR, R:FR ratio, wana cocksfoot, nui perennial ryegrass, shade

J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci. 27:111-118 (2006)
Impact of commercialization in rice seed production on crop productivity and household income
Authors: Panta H. K.
Published: August 2018

To assess the impact of commercial rice seed production on rice productivity and household income, a survey study was conducted in Gorkha, Lamjung and Tanahun districts of Nepal covering eight seed production groups. Analyses include probit regression and cost and returns from seed production. Results of the probit model showed that agricultural training, increase in household income, average age of household head, use of modern rice cultivars, household size, and involvement of women in agricultural decision making have significant positive effect on adoption of the modern rice seed production technology. Similarly, significant difference between non-adopters and adaptors was observed in relation to seed productivity. Study showed that yield of improved seed technologies are higher by 2 ton/ha than the traditional rice varieties and net income is around NRs 43,500 per hectare. Study also showed that the improved rice seed technologies, amount of seed applied, area planted, and fertilizer applied are highly significant variables affecting rice productivity.Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science. Vol. 33-34, 2015, page:11-18
In-vitro study on prevalence of mycoflora in wheat seeds
Authors: Adhikari P. , Khatri-Chhetri G. B. , Shrestha S. M. , Marahatta S.
Published: August 2018

A study on incidence of mycoflora was carried out by blotter method in wheat seeds. Forty seed sample of wheat (Triticum aestivum) was collected, ten varieties/genotypes each from Chitwan; Kaski; Banke and Lalitpur. The study was done at Seed Quality Control Center, Hariharbhawan, Lalitpur, Nepal, during August to December, 2013, with the objective of determining fungi associated with wheat seeds in-vitro. A total of eighteen species of fungi within thirteen genera were detected. Alternaria alternata and Bipolaris sorokiniana were predominant in all the varieties/genotypes and locations. Percentage frequency and type of fungi detected varied with variety and location. Among all fungi, mean frequency (76.00%) and relative abundance (55.15%) were highest of Alternaria alternata. Among the seeds of different location, B. sorokiniana was found highest from the seed of Banke and A. alternata from seeds of Lalitpur. Lowest percentage frequency of fungi was found in genotype BL 4009 (3.06%) from Chitwan and in variety Nepal 297 (6.25%) from Kaski, and highest in genotype BL 1177 (16.40%) from Banke. Nepalese wheat seeds appeared prevailed with many pathogenic fungi. Therefore, selection of wheat seeds from resistant varieties and areas with lower temperature and relative humidity, and their treatment is suggested to reduce disease and increase yield.Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science. Vol. 33-34, 2015, Page: 27-34
Land suitability evaluation for cereal crops: a multicriteria approach using GIS at Parbatipur VDC, Chitwan, Nepal
Authors: Neupane B. , Shriwastav C. P. , Shah S. C. , Sah K.
Published: August 2018

A research was conducted to evaluate the suitability of soils of different land unit for cereal crops productions at Parbatipur VDC, Chitwan, Nepal with the integrated use of Geographical Information system (GIS) and Multi-criteria evaluation (MCE).Existing geodatabase information from National Land Use Project (NLUP) was used as data for this research. The database was used to derive crop suitability using vector based index model in GIS along with multicriteria analysis. The research revealed that for rice cultivation, 1.06 %(10.70ha) was highly suitable,51.54 %(515.89ha) was moderately suitable, 3.39% (33.987 ha) was marginally suitable but 28.28 %( 283.11 ha) was not suitable whereas for wheat cultivation, 7.6%(76.73ha) was highly suitable, 44.91% (449.53 ha) was moderately suitable and 4.6% (46.26ha) was marginally suitable, but 27.15% (27.14ha) was not suitable. Similarly, for maize cultivation, 12.07% (120.83ha) was highly suitable, 40.19% (402.25ha) was moderately suitable and 0.53% (5.37ha) was marginally suitable, but 31.54% (315.72ha) was not suitable for maize production. Hence, the area not suitable for rice, wheat and maize must be allocated for alternative uses to achieve optimum productions and further there must be new research for alternative land uses in VDC, where these crops were not suitable for optimum productions.Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science. Vol. 33-34, 2015, Page: 55-64
Insect pollinators' diversity of rapeseed (Brassica campestris var. toria) in Chitwan, Nepal
Authors: Pudasaini R. , Thapa R. B. , Chaudhary N. K. , Tiwari S.
Published: August 2018

The abundance and diversity of rapeseed insect flower visitors were assessed by using insect pan traps, sweep net and visual observations at different blooming stage of rapeseed at Jutpani VDC, Chitwan district, Nepal during 2012-013. The pollinator fauna of rapeseed included twenty one species from six different insect orders. Hymenopteran (77.95%) species were the most abundant insects visiting rapeseed followed by Diptera (12.23%) and Lepidoptera (3.49%). Honeybees were the dominant group of pollinators and among honeybees, Apis mellifera L. was the most dominant one (36.34%) followed by Apis florea F. (12.45%), Apis cerana F. (11.14%) and Apis dorsata F. (5.68%). The higher abundance and diversity of pollinators were observed at 12:00 to 1:00 pm and the diversity was related to the crop blooming stage. Therefore, pollinator's friendly cultivation practices should be followed for conservation and management of insect pollinators for higher production and productivity of rapeseed crop under Chitwan condition. Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science. Vol. 33-34, 2015, 73-78
Challenges and issues of decentralized agriculture service at the VDC level: experiences from Okhaldhunga District
Authors: Jaishi M. , Allen R. , Sahi L.
Published: August 2018

Decentralized management of natural resources has the potential to solve the twin problems of Nepalese society which are poverty and poor governance. An important focus of the Local Self Government Act (LSGA) of 1999 is to develop a local self-governance system and local leadership through which local bodies (LBs) make decisions on matters affecting their daily needs and livelihoods. Through the capacity building of local bodies, there is an ample opportunity to boost effective decentralized agriculture service provision at the VDC level. The objective of this paper is to provide basic understanding of the challenge and issues felt during implementation of VDC-level decentralization in the agricultural sector. A review of documents describing extension reforms and experiences was conducted in support of this study. Experience to date shows a great willingness of rural people to take responsibility for local development and to receive appropriate training to improve their management capability. LBs and development partners can assist in capacity building and further strengthen such local bodies to mitigate weaknesses. However, there remain challenges and issues to provide effective agricultural services in enhancing the livelihoods of the poor and to the promotion of more market-led production system.Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science. Vol. 33-34, 2015, Page: 79-90
Evaluation of productive performance of cattle in dairy pocket area of Chitwan and Nawalparasi Districts
Authors: Paneru U. , Sharma M. , Kolachhapati M. R. , Shrestha B. S.
Published: August 2018

A study was conducted in major milk pocket area of Chitwanand Nawalparasi districts with the objective of assessing productive performance of dairy cattle reared in those areas. The study also aimed at categorizing the breed based on its breeding value to determine the most elite cow of different breeds.Four years of data send obtained from Animal Breeding Division in the period between (2008-2012) under the Dairy Cattle Improvement Program were reviewed and analyzed. Altogether, 18316 test day records of 728 animals of 172 herds were considered for evaluation. Results of the above study revealed that the overall least square mean and standard errors (LS mean and SE) of Lactation Milk Yield (LMY), fat percentage, and protein percentage were 2841±84.95 kg, 4.43±0.66 % and 3.33±0.1 %, respectively. Moreover, the study also revealed that breed had significant effect on milk yield (p<0.001), protein percentage (p< 0.01) and Fat percentage (p< 0.001). In addition, top dairy cattle are ranked based on its breeding value on productive parameters. Results of the above study suggested that animal of higher breeding value and it's offspring need to be promoted for better productivity in farmer managed condition of Nepal.Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science. Vol. 33-34, 2015, page: 207-212
POLA PENGUASAAN TANAH DAN DISTRIBUSI KESEJAHTERAAN RUMAH TANGGA DI PEDESAAN JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Hekmatyar Versanudin , Nugroho Fentiny
Published: August 2018

Abstract: The objective of this study is to describe the pattern of land tenure and forms of livelihood diversification in rural area. By using qualitative approach, data was collected and presented descriptively. The results are as follows, first, land is an important production factors as capital and labor. Land in Kedungprimpen village is still closely linked to the livelihoods of its inhabitants. High level of dependence of the population on agricultural land is also closely related to the local community's view that underlies the social differentiation of the rich, ample and poor. Second, this fact further encourages households to deal with the crisis, undertake series of livelihood activities to meet their basic needs. The selection of diversified forms of livelihood is mainly based on rational reasons related to the types of resources that can be optimized. Generally, livelihood diversification in Kedungprimpen Village is on agricultural and non-agricultural sectors. Agricultural sector includes land cultivation, sharecrop, rent, mortgage, and labor system. Non-agricultural sector includes trade, handicrafts production, stockbreeding, and carpentry. Intisari: Penelitian ini bertujuan menguraikan pola penguasaan tanah di pedesaan, dan mendeskripsikan bentuk-bentuk diversifikasi nafkah. Data dikumpulkan dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan disajikan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, pertama, tanah merupakan salah satu faktor produksi yang penting sebagaimana modal dan tenaga kerja. Tanah di Desa Kedungprimpen masih terkait erat dengan sumber nafkah penduduknya. Tingginya tingkat ketergantungan penduduk pada tanah pertanian juga terkait erat dengan pandangan masyarakat setempat yang melatarbelakangi diferensiasi sosial tentang orang kaya, cukup, dan miskin. Kedua, fakta ini, selanjutnya mendorong rumah tangga dalam menghadapi krisis untuk melakukan serangkaian aktivitas nafkah dengan tujuan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pokoknya. Pemilihan bentuk diversifikasi nafkah terutama didasari alasan rasional terkait dengan jenis sumberdaya yang dapat dioptimalkan. Secara umum, diversifikasi nafkah di Desa Kedungprimpen dilakukan pada sektor pertanian dan sektor nonpertanian. Sektor pertanian mencakup pengusahaan lahan milik, bagi hasil, sewa, gadai, dan sistem perburuhan. Sedangkan sektor nonpertanian meliputi perdagangan, kerajinan, peternakan, dan pertukangan.
Listen… and Speak: A Discussion of Weight Bias, its Intersections with Homophobia, Racism, and Misogyny, and Their Impacts on Health
Authors: Kasten Gerry
Published: August 2018

This article is a version of the Ryley–Jeffs Memorial Lecture, delivered on 8 June 2018. It discusses weight bias and the intersections with homophobia, racism, and misogyny, and how these impact health. While the dominant discourse attests that people can lose weight and keep it off, evidence informs us that maintenance of weight loss is unlikely. Using a flawed epistemological framework, obesity has been declared a disease, and weight bias been perpetuated. Weight bias is pervasive, both in the general public and amongst health professionals, often using inappropriate tools to assess the impact of weight on health. This contributes to overlooking the life circumstances that truly cause morbidity: social determinants of health such as income, social connectedness and isolation, adverse childhood experiences, and cultural erasure. A variety of tools dietitians can use to appropriately assess health risk are provided, along with examples of actions that can be taken to reduce weight bias. Dietitians who are leading the profession in taking action against weight bias and stigma are profiled.
SCIENTIFIC AND APPLIED BASES OF REDISTRIBUTION THE VALUE ADDED IN INTEGRATED COMMODITY MARKET (AT THE EXAMPLE OF BREAD MARKET OF UKRAINE)
Authors: Nikishyna O.V.
Published: August 2018

In the article author developed of theory circulation of sectoral value added in integrated commodity market, which distinguishes two stages or processes of its movement: process of formation and process of use value added. Determined the internal and external contradictions of economic interests of participants in reproduction process according to the stages of value added movement in market system. The emphasis is on external contradictions of financial interests the subjects of various sectors of integrated commodity market, which in practice are manifested in migration (cross-sectoral redistribution) of unproductive value added component usually from the production to the trading sector. Fiscal redistribution of added value associated with external contradictions between the economic interests of state and market subjects.In practice, to determine deformations in the processes of formation and use of value added in certain commodity markets it is necessary to use a reproduction methodical approach and build a cross-sectoral balance of key indicators of market efficiency. The analysis on example of bread market of Ukraine showed the presence of deformations in fiscal use of value added of production sector, which for a minimum profitability of products (4,1 %) has the highest among sectors the level of taxcapacity of value added (0,34 points). The expediency of implementation is substantiated of reduced rates of value added tax for the sale of bread and bakery products in Ukraine in order to balance the volumes of fiscal and reproduction use of value added in production sector of integrated bread market. On the basis of reproduction methodical approach impact assessment was conducted of this regulatory measure on indicators of the efficiency of bread market. According to calculations, a 1 % reduction in value added tax rate will contribute to the growth of value added by 13,23 million UAH. (by 0,82 %), its share in production � by 0,11 %, the profitability of products � by 0,19 %, while the reduction in taxes will be 2,4%. Such a calculation allows you to determine various options for reducing fiscal load and choose the best scenario in terms of harmonization of economic interests state, bakery enterprises and population.
Deacylation during the Synthesis of New 4-Amino-1H-Pyrazolo [3,4-B] Pyridines Catalysed by Sncl4
Authors: Hu Hua-nan , Peng You , Huang Hua-nan , Yang Tao , Chen Fu-shan , Yan Ping
Published: August 2018

A series of novel 1-(4-amino-6-methyl-1-aryl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)-ethanones and 6-methyl-1-aryl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-amines were prepared by the annulation of 5-amino-1-aryl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitriles with acetylacetone in the presence of tin(IV) chloride. The results demonstrated that the ethanones are the precursors of second compounds.
Auditor Litigation and the Penalties on U.S. Client Firms after the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act
Authors: Amoah Nana Y. , Anderson Anthony , Bonaparte Isaac , Meyer Kyle
Published: August 2018

This study examines the relation between auditor litigation and the market and legal penalties imposed on sued audit clients after the private securities litigation reform act (PSLRA). A sample of accounting-related lawsuits is used in the regressions of three-day cumulative abnormal returns, settlement amount, and probability of settlement on auditor litigation and other variables. The results indicate a negative relation between auditor litigation and the 3-day cumulative abnormal returns around the announcement of litigation against the client firm. Another result from the study is a positive relation between auditor litigation and the legal penalty on the client firm. Specifically, the results indicate higher likelihood of settlement and larger settlement sizes for securities lawsuits in which the auditor is also sued. Our study contributes to the debate on the merit of litigation against auditors after the PSLRA. The findings imply that lawsuits against auditors appear to be a signal of audit failure and higher financial reporting risk. As audit failures erode investor confidence in the capital markets, the present study provides valuable evidence on the market and legal system’s perception of the merit of auditor litigation. The findings should be of interest to regulators and market participants given the increase in securities lawsuits against audit firms and the substantial reputational consequences of such lawsuits on audit firms and client firms.
DAKWAH KEAGAMAAN, BUKAN UNTUK ORANG DESA
Authors: Saprillah Saprillah
Published: August 2018

Penelitian tindakan kelas ini bertujuan untuk menemukan tingkatpretasi Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAT) dengan menggunakan
proses pembelajaran Aktif, Interaktif, dan Menyenangkan. Pembelqjaran dibentuk dengan tiga formasi, yaitu Formasi
Pembelqjran Aktif dan Interaktif; Aktif dan Menyenangkan dan Interaktif dan Menyenangkan. Setiap formasi pembelajaran
dilakukan dengan dua tahap, yaitu tahap pertama pembelajaran konvensional yang sering dilakukan oleh guru agama yang
diakhiri dengan protest. Tahap kedua dilakukan dengan pembelajaran formasi di atasyang diakhir dengan postest.
Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa prestasi belajar siswa setelah dilakukan ketiga formasi pembelajaran tersebut meningkat.
Prestasi belajar PAI siswa sebelum pembelajaran Aktif dan Interaktif, r= 5,29 pada protest meningkat menjadi r= 9,16 pada
posttest; pada pembelajaran Aktif dan Menyenangkan protest r= 6,94, meningkat pada postest r= 9,71; dan pada formasi
Interaktif dan Menyenangkan protest r= 6,84 meningkat pada postest r= 9,76. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan bahwa dalam
upaya meningkatkan prestasi belajar PAI siswa yang dominan merupakan meteri pelajaran yang bersifat hafalan dibanding
penalaran hendaknya menggunakan metode-metode pembelajaran yang merangsang daya hafalan setiap siswa seperti
Metode Pembelajaran Aktif, Interaktif dan Menyenangkan. Selain itu, pertimbangan yang lain yang urgen untuk diperhatikan
adalah pelibatan tiga jenis bentuk aktivitas belajar dalam setiap pembelajaran yaitu membaca, mengungkapkan hasil bacaan,
dan menulis, khususnya pada pembelajaran PAI yang dominan merupakan meteri hafalan.
STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DI SMAN 11 MAKASSAR
Authors: Ismail Sirajuddin
Published: August 2018

Pendidikan memiliki posisi sfrategis dalam upaya pembangunan sumber daya manusia. Peran sentral
guru dalam meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan perlu dipertimbangkan, karena guru secara khusus sering
diibaratkan sebagai jiwa bagi-tubuh pendidikan. Oleh sebab itu pendidik, peserta didik, dan kurikulum
memiliki hubungan simbiotik dalam pembelajaran dan di dalam prosespembelajaran, guru harus memiliki
strategi agar peserta didik dapat belajar sear a efektif dan efisien sehingga mencapai tujuan pendidikan
yang maksimal dan salah satu langkah untuk memiliki strategi itu harus menguasai teknik dan metode
penyajian dalam pembelajaran. Ada dua aspekyang digambarkan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu I) pendidikan
agama Islam, yang dilaksanakan di sekolah umum (SMA), 2) strategi pembelajaran, adalah berupa teknik
dan metode pembelajaran pendidikan agama di SMAN 11 Makssar. Penelitian ini menggunakan
pendekatan kualitatif dan pengumpulan data menggunakan skunder dan data primer.
Hasilpenelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa strategi pembelajaran yang dilakukan SMA 11 Makassar, mengacu
kepada undang-undang pendidikan nasional dan penjabarannya melalui peraturan menteri Diknas, di
samping peraturan Menteri Agama Rl, pelaksanaan pendidikan agama Islam menggunakan strategi
pembelajaran berupa teknik dan metode pembelajaran. Di dalam Rencana Pelaksanan Pembelajaran (RPP)
empat guru Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) pada SMAN 11 Makassar menggunakan tiga metode pembelajaran,
yaitu metode ceramah interaktif, tanya jawab dan demonstrasi.
PEMBERDAYAAN KELUARGA BERBASIS MASJID PADA MASYARAKAT SAMIN DI JEPANG MARGOMULYO BOJONEGORO
Authors: Musyafaah Nur Lailatul
Published: August 2018

Abstract: Samin community is a group of people who embrace the teachings of Saminisme. Doctrine Society Samin community in Jepang hamlet, Margomulyo village, Bojonegoro district is one of the descendants of the followers of the teachings of Samin Surosentiko. Issues raised in devotion is less than optimal utilization of the potential for al-Huda mosque as a place of social activities. A Form of assistance is by pushing mosque staff along with administrator and PLKB technicians using the mosque as a place of formation and development of a cadre of family resilience. The strategy of  this assistance is by the using research methods with the community (CBR). The Steps of mentoring  are inculturation, mapping (both of geographical and social mapping), participatory community organizing, FGD, and action programs  in the form of BKB, BKR and BKL. Output in the empowerment of this mosque is to form BKB, BKR, and BKL group and to increase skills of propulsion of the tribina  groups as a counselor.

Keywords: Samin community, family empowerment, potential mosques

 

Abstrak: Masyarakat Samin adalah sekelompok masyarakat yang menganut ajaran Saminisme. Ajaran Masyarakat Masyarakat Samin di dusun Jepang, desa Margomulyo, kabupaten Bojonegoro merupakan salah satu dari sekian keturunan pengikut ajaran Samin Surosentiko. Permasalahan yang diangkat dalam pengabdian adalah kurang optimalnya pemanfaatan potensi masjid al-Huda sebagai tempat kegiatan sosial kemasyarakatan. Bentuk pendampingan yang dilakukan adalah dengan mendorong takmir masjid beserta pengurusnya dan penyuluh PLKB menggunakan masjid sebagai tempat pembinaan dan pengembangan kader ketahanan keluarga. Strategi yang digunakan dalam  pendampingan ini menggunakan metode penelitian bersama masyarakat (CBR). Langkah-langkah pendampingan yang dilakukan dalam pengabdian ini melalui inkulturasi (pembauran kepada masyarakat secara langsung), mapping (baik mapping geografis dan sosial untuk memetakan kondisi fisik dan sosial masyarakat dampingan), pengorganisasian masyarakat secara partisipatif, FGD, dan melakukan aksi program dengan mendorong keterlibatan masyarakat dalam kegiatan partisipatoris bersama masyarakat Samin dengan membentuk kelompok untuk program kegiatan BKB, BKR dan BKL. Output dalam pemberdayaan masjid ini adalah membentuk kelompok BKB, BKR dan BKL serta meningkatnya keterampilan tenaga penggerak kelompok tribina sebagai konselor.
Kata kunci: masyarakat Samin, pemberdayaan keluarga, potensi masjid
DAMPAK PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM SEKOLAH LIMA HARI TERHADAP LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI KOTA SALATIGA
Authors: Muawanah Siti
Published: August 2018

Program Sekolah Lima Hari (PS5H) merupakan program yang menuai pro dan kontra. Puncaknya saat Mendikbud RI mengeluarkan Permendikbud Nomor 23 Tahun 2017 tentang Hari Sekolah. Di Jawa Tengah pro kontra program lima hari sekolah sudah lebih awal terjadi, sejak muncul SE Gubernur Jateng Nomor 420/006752/2015 yang kemduian ditindakanjuti dengan SK Kepala Dinas Pendidikan Provinsi Jawa Tengah Nomor 420/03737. Salah satu wilayah yang mengikuti SE tersebut adalah Kota Salatiga. Sayangnya, walaupun model yang dikehendaki SK Kepala Dinas Pendidikan Provinsi Jawa Tengah adalah model 11 (hari Sabtu libur total), tetapi  pelaksanannya di lapangan tidak demikian. Selain itu, pelaksanaan program tersebut juga berakibat pada pendidikan keagamaan di wilayah Salatiga. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, penelitian ini menemukan tiga hal. Pertama, pelaksanaan PS5H tidak menggunakan model 11 sebagaimana diatur pasal 6 SK Kepala Dinas Pendidikan Provinsi Jawa Tengah Nomor 420/03737. Kedua, PS5H berdampak tidak langsung terhadap lembaga pendidikan keagamaan Islam. Ketiga, program tersebut berdampak langsung secara fisik, psikis, sosiologis, dan ekonomis. 
Strategi Penyelengaraan Pendidikan Agama Islam di SMAN 2 Balikpapan KAltim
Authors: Hanun Farida
Published: August 2018

Penelitian ini  bertujuan untuk mengetahui kebijakan, strategi, dukungan dan kendala dalam penyelenggaraan PAI di SMAM 2 Balikpapan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatip. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (a) Strategi penyelenggaraan PAI di SMAN 2 dilakukan melalui pengembangan program inovasi pembelajaran PAI dan Pengembangan  Budaya Keagamaan (Religious Culture), (b) Penyelenggraan PAI didukung oleh leadership kepala sekolah, kompetensi guru, kelengkapan fasilitas pembelajaran, jaringan alumni sedangkan kendalanya tidak semua guru PAI memiliki skill tertentu untuk membina ekstrakurikuler, belum ada perpustakaan PAI, dan kurang maksimalnya anggaran untuk penyelenggraan PAI, dan (c) Kementerian Agama  perlu melakukan pembinaan guru PAI dalam upaya peningkatan kompetensi dan melengkapi sarana pembelajaran PAI berbasis multimedia
Screening of Less known Two Food Plants for Comparison of Nutrient Contents: Iranian and Indian Vegetables
Authors: Aberoumand Ali
Published: August 2018

Background: Greater consumption of fruits and vegetables is associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, and cancers. The most important nutrients present in plants are carbohydrates, such as the starch and free sugars, oils, proteins, minerals, ascorbic acid, and the antioxidant phenols. Plants are an essential component of the universe. Human beings have used those as medicine from the very beginning of time.Methods: The proximate composition and mineral constituents of Asparagus officinalis stem and Momordica dioica fruit were evaluated in order to scientific standard methods of Association for Official and Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Results: The stem contained ashes: 10.70% crude protein: 32.69%, crude lipid: 3.44%, crude fiber: 18.50%, and carbohydrates: 34.67%. Stem also have high energy value (384.27kcal/100g) dry weight. Mineral ranges (mg/100g dry weight, DW) were: K (10.94), Na (1.84), Ca (0.67), Fe (0.19), and Zn (2.60). The fruits contained ashes: 9.1%, crude protein: 5.44%, crude lipid: 3.25%, crude fiber: 22.9%, and carbohydrates: 59.31%. The fruits also have high energy value (288.25kcal/100g) dry weight. Mineral ranges (mg/100g dry weight, DW) were: K (4.63), Na (1.62), Ca (7.37), Fe (5.04), and Zn (3.83).Conclusion: Comparing proximate and minerals contents of the stem and the fruit, the results indicated that Asparagus officinalis stem could be a good supplement for some nutrients such as protein, lipid, potassium and zinc, fibre and carbohydrates while Momordica dioica fruit was good source of lipid, crude fiber, carbohydrates, iron and zinc. Keywords: Asparagus officinalis stem; Momordica dioica; Micronutrients; Proximate and Mineral composition.