bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal phase space dynamics of witness bunch during the Trojan Horse injection for plasma-based particle accelerators
Authors: Moon K. , Kumar S. , Hur M. , Chung M.
Published: July 2019

In the Trojan Horse injection process for plasma-based particle accelerators, we have investigated how the longitudinal phase space of the witness bunch would be governed by the parameters of the ionization laser and background plasma in the limit of quasistatic wakefield approximation. The tunneling ionization rate distribution by the laser pulse is introduced to describe the ionization time interval and initial distribution of the witness electrons. The quasilinear (or equivalently quasistatic) regime of the charged particle beam-driven wakefield is considered to make the phase of the wake potential constant in time in the driver beam frame. In the simulations, it is shown that the ionization laser phase on the quasistatic wake potential determines the longitudinal space-charge field of the witness bunch. We also find that the relative energy spread of the witness bunch can be estimated by the sum of three effects: The ionization time interval, wakefield slope, and space-charge fields of the witness bunch. Analytical expressions for the characteristic distance from the ionization to trapping positions, rms length, and relative energy spread of the witness bunch are obtained approximately and compared with the particle-in-cell simulations.
Density functional analysis of atomic force microscopy in a dense fluid
Authors: Hernández-Muñoz Jose , Chacón Enrique , Tarazona Pedro
Published: July 2019

We present a density functional (DF) analysis for the entropic force in Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) across the layers of a dense fluid. Previous theoretical analysis, based on the ideal gas entropy, was apparently supported by the similarity in the oscillatory decay for the force and density profile. We point out that such similarity is a generic DF result, which carries no information on the interface, since the decaying mode is characteristic of the bulk fluid correlation. The truly interfacial information, from the layering measured by AFM, comes in its amplitude and not in the decay mode. With our rigorous study of a simple hard sphere model, we find semiempirical clues to disentangle the role of the tip radius and to relate the amplitude of the molecular layering to the oscillatory force on the AFM tip.
Experimental studies of 1.5 – 1.6 μm high-power asymmetric-waveguide multimode lasers
Authors: Bagaeva O.O. , Danilov A.I. , Ivanov A.V. , Kurnosov V.D. , Kurnosov K.V. , Kurnyavko Yu.V. , Marmalyuk A.A. , Romantsevich V.I. , Simakov V.A. , Chernov R.V.
Published: July 2019

The current – voltage, light – current, and spectral characteristics of high-power multimode semiconductor lasers emitting at wavelengths of 1.5 – 1.6 μm are studied experimentally. It is shown that the cw output power of a C-mount laser with a cavity length of 2.6 mm and a mesa-stripe contact width of 100 μm exceeds 4 W at a pump power of 15 A. The output power in a pulsed regime amounts to 20 W at a pulse duration of 100 ns, a pulse repetition rate of 5 kHz, and a pump current no higher than 80 A. The dependences of the laser wavelength and spectral width on the pump current are presented. The current – voltage and light – current characteristics, as well as the characteristic temperatures of the lasers, are calculated.
Research as the gatekeeper: introduction ofrobotic-assisted surgery into the public sector
Authors: McBride Kate E. , Steffens Daniel , Solomon Michael J. , Anderson Teresa , Young Jane , Leslie Scott , Thanigasalam Ruban , Bannon Paul G.
Published: July 2019

Objective
Within Australia, robotic-assisted surgery (RAS) has largely been undertaken within the private sector, and predominately based within urology. This is rapidly developing, with RAS becoming increasingly prevalent across surgical specialties and within public hospitals. At this point in time there is a need to consider how this generation of the technology can be appropriately and safely introduced into the public health system given its prohibitive costs and lack of high-level long-term evidence.

Methods
This paper describes a unique approach used to govern the establishment of a new RAS program within a large public tertiary referral hospital in Australia. This included the creation of a comprehensive governance framework that covered research, training and operational components, with research being the ultimate gatekeeper to accessing the technology.

Results
Taking this novel approach, both benefits and challenges were encountered. Although initially there was a trade-off of activity to enable time for the research program to be developed, it was found the model strengthened patient safety in introducing the technology, fostered a breadth of surgical speciality involvement, ensured uniformity of data collection and, in the longer term, will enable a significant contribution to be made to the evidence regarding the appropriateness of RAS being used across several surgical specialties.

Conclusions
There is potential for this comprehensive governance framework to be transferred to other public hospitals commencing or with existing RAS programs and to be applied to the introduction of other new and expensive surgical technology.

What is known about the topic?
RAS is rapidly evolving and becoming increasingly prevalent across surgical specialities in major public hospitals. Consequently, it is important that this new technology is safely and appropriately implemented into the public health system.

What does this paper add?
This article describes the benefits and implementation challenges of a novel RAS approach, including a comprehensive governance framework that covered research, training and operational components, with research being the ultimate gatekeeper to accessing the technology.

What are the implications for practitioners?
This comprehensive governance framework can be transferred to other public hospitals introducing, or already using, new and expensive surgical technology.
Ethics and risks between human and robotic interaction
Authors: Yu Lin , Ding Shejiao
Published: July 2019

Robot is definitely playing important role in human society. Low contact on machine standards is mostly on industrial robot while close contacts are in increasing demand in service robot, etc. The development of robotics with advanced hardware and artificial intelligence (AI) provide the possibility with human beings while close contacts raise many new issues on ethics and risks. For interaction, the related technique of perception, cognition and interaction are briefly introduced. For ethics, rules should be given for the robot designers to include ethics for certain application while risks should be evaluated during the experiment test. To make efficient decision, safety design with AI technology should be put on agenda for roboticists. Except from the risks, ethics raise many challenges while most of them can be solved by developing technologies while some of the problems exist in human’s society which also raise the questions for the human beings. More broader vision should be taken from different social departments together to avoid the possible embarrassed issues. It’s time to welcome the world of robotics and related techniques will make life more efficient while human-robot coexistence society will come one day and law should be imposed on both.
Task allocation for improved ergonomics in Human-Robot Collaborative Assembly
Authors: Makrini Ilias El , Merckaert Kelly , Winter Joris De , Lefeber Dirk , Vanderborght Bram
Published: July 2019

Human-robot collaboration, whereby the human and the robot join their forces to achieve a task, opens new
application opportunities in manufacturing. Robots can perform precise and repetitive operations while humans can execute tasks
that require dexterity and problem-solving abilities. Moreover, collaborative robots can take over heavy-duty tasks.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are a serious health concern and the primary cause of absenteeism at work. While the role of the
human is still essential in flexible production environment, the robot can help decreasing the workload of workers. This paper
describes a novel framework for task allocation of human-robot assembly applications based on capabilities and ergonomics
considerations. Capable agents are determined on the basis of agent characteristics and task requirements. Ergonomics is
integrated by measuring the human body posture and the related workload. The developed framework was validated on a gearbox
assembly use case using the collaborative robot Baxter.
Study on decision-making of soccer robot based on rough set theory
Authors: Zhang Li , Xue Xulu
Published: July 2019

“Rough set” is a theory put forward by the polish scholar Z. Pawlak, which is a useful mathematics tool for
dealing with vague and uncertain information. Rough set theory can achieve a subset of all attribute which preserves the
discernible ability of original features, by using the data only with no additional information. As a typical system of
multi-agent, the decision-making system of soccer robot has the features of multi-layered, antagonism, and cooperation. On the
bases of rough set theory, this paper established a decision making system with complete information for soccer robot, and then
reduce the condition and decision attributes and their values, to get the simply decision rules. On the otherwise, considering the
situation of information loss, we study decision making of imperfect information system, extract the decision rules and calculate
the reliability, so that the rules can assist the agent to make right decision in competition. The simulation result shows that
the algorithm is correct and effective.
Lifelong learning for tactile emotion recognition
Authors: Wei Jiaqi , Liu Huaping , Wang Bowen , Sun Fuchun
Published: July 2019

Tactile emotion recognition provides a lot of valuable information in human-computer interaction, and it has
strong application prospects in many aspects such as smart home and medical treatment. So this situation raises a question: How to
quickly and efficiently let the robot perform the correct emotion recognition? In this work, we develop a lifelong learning
algorithm which is based on the efficient dictionary learning technology, to tackle the tactile emotion recognition across
different tasks. To verify the efficiency of the proposed method, we applied it to two data sets for experimentation: Corpus of
Social Touch (CoST) and our dataset(We built it with a 12X12 array sensor). The results show that the proposed lifelong learning
algorithm achieves satisfactory results.
Effects of rhetorical text analysis on idea generation and text quality
Authors: Nguyen Phuong Nam T. , Rijlaarsdam Gert , Janssen Tanja , Admiraal Wilfried
Published: July 2019

Producing a meaningful written discourse in a foreign language requires a high cognitive effort of EFL learners.
They face challenges caused by L2 word or grammar-related difficulties, and also by the L2 genre and genre conventions that may be
quite different from what they experienced in their L1. The present study focusses on the support offered to Vietnamese L2 writers
to overcome these hindrances. An intensive four-week writing intervention was designed and tested to examine whether encouraging
genre awareness via a short session of sample text analysis could empower students to conduct effective brainstorming for
argumentative writing. In a pre-test post-test control group design with switching replications, with 66 EFL intermediate
undergraduate participants, the study obtained four indicators of L2 argumentative writing quality: idea generation, productivity,
global text quality and self-efficacy. The results showed that participants integrated the sample text analysis into the idea
generation stage. They created significantly longer self-expressive free writing texts, perceived the generated ideas as more
useful, and used more of these ideas in their argumentative texts composition, compared to students from the control condition
(with teacher instruction only). No treatment effects were found for productivity, global quality of final text, and
self-efficacy. Students in both control and treatment conditions generally showed a significant improvement on these
variables.
Effect of SiC nanoparticles on the wear behaviour of squeeze-cast AZ91–2.0Ca–0.3Sb alloy
Authors: Ganguly Sourav , Sarkar Smarajit , Masanta Manoj , Mondal A. K.
Published: July 2019

The dry sliding wear behaviour of the AZ91–2.0Ca–0.3Sb alloy and the AZ91–2.0Ca–0.3Sb–xSiCnp nanocomposites have been investigated. The wear rate is lower for all the nanocomposites compared to the alloy. All the nanocomposites demonstrate the lower specific wear rates than the alloy. Among the nanocomposites, the one containing 2.0SiCnp exhibits the best tribological performance. The values of the coefficient of friction are lower for the nanocomposites than the alloy. The abrasion, adhesion, oxidation, and delamination are the dominant wear mechanisms. The 3D topography depicts that the addition of SiCnp to the AZ91–2Ca–0.3Sb alloy results in the reduced surface roughness during the wear tests, confirming the superior wear behaviour of the nanocomposites compared to the alloy.
Promising effect of copper on the mechanical properties of transformation-induced plasticity steels
Authors: Saeidi Navid , Raeissi Mehdi
Published: July 2019

To put in a nut shell ‘Alloying with copper was found to results in promising benefits on mechanical properties of transformation-induced plasticity steels’. In this research, the CMnSiAlCu transformation-induced plasticity steels were annealed at two different temperatures. The unique combination of mechanical properties was obtained in new developed copper containing transformation-induced plasticity steels. It was also showed that by adding 2.4%Cu in transformation-induced plasticity steels and in both 770°C and 800°C annealing treated condition, the yield and tensile strengths were increased by more than 35% and 26%. Moreover, a detailed examination of deformation and strain hardening behaviour of the steels studied revealed that the lower annealing temperature leads to the more uniform strain distribution within the copper-added transformation-induced plasticity steel.
Effects of exercise intensity on anticipation timing performance during a cycling task at moderate and vigorous intensities in children aged 7–11 years
Authors: Boat Ruth , Morris Martyn , Duncan Michael J.
Published: July 2019

This study examined coincidence anticipation timing performance at moderate and fast stimulus speeds before, during, and after a 15 minute cycling task. In a within‐subject design, 24 children (18 males and 6 females) exercised on a cycle ergometer under two experimental conditions: exercise intensities of 50% (moderate) and 75% (vigorous) heart rate reserve. Coincidence anticipation timing was measured using the Bassin Anticipation Timer at stimulus speeds of 5 and 8 mph. A 2 (intensity) × 3 (time) repeated measures ANOVA was conducted to evaluate the effect of exercise intensity on coincidence anticipation performance before, during, and immediately after the cycling task. Results indicated that for absolute error there was no significant main effect for time (p = .633) or experimental condition (p = .782) at the 5 mph stimulus speed. However, there was a significant interaction effect between experimental condition and time (p = 0.026) at the 5 mph stimulus speed. At the 8 mph stimulus speed, there was no significant main effect for time (p = .910) or condition (p = .938), or interaction effect between experimental condition and time (p = .591). Cycling exercise at moderate intensity appears to influence anticipation timing performance during and immediately after exercise in children, but only when stimulus speeds are moderate in nature.
Immiscible and miscible states in binary condensates in the ring geometry
Authors: Chen Zhaopin , Li Yongyao , Proukakis Nikolaos P , Malomed Boris A
Published: July 2019

We report detailed investigation of the existence and stability of mixed and demixed modes in binary atomic Bose–Einstein condensates with repulsive interactions in a ring-trap geometry. The stability of such states is examined through eigenvalue spectra for small perturbations, produced by the Bogoliubov–de Gennes equations, and directly verified by simulations based on the coupled Gross–Pitaevskii equations, varying inter- and intra-species scattering lengths so as to probe the entire range of miscibility–immiscibility transitions. In the limit of the one-dimensional (1D) ring, i.e. a very narrow one, stability of mixed states is studied analytically, including hidden-vorticity (HV) modes, i.e. those with opposite vorticities of the two components and zero total angular momentum. The consideration of demixed 1D states reveals, in addition to stable composite single-peak structures, double- and triple-peak ones, above a certain particle-number threshold. In the 2D annular geometry, stable demixed states exist both in radial and azimuthal configurations. We find that stable radially-demixed states can carry arbitrary vorticity and, counter-intuitively, the increase of the vorticity enhances stability of such states, while unstable ones evolve into randomly oscillating angular demixed modes. The consideration of HV states in the 2D geometry expands the stability range of radially-demixed states.
Identification of carbapenemases enterobacteriaceae producing gene blaVIM in clinical isolates
Authors: Amalia Ella , Sabrina Tia , Yuwono  , Patricia Venny , Husna Radhiyatul , Augusta Rosdah Ayeshah , Safyudin
Published: July 2019

Carbapenemase enzymes play the most important role in the existence of CRE (Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae). VIM is one of the carbapenemase enzymes encoded by the blaVIM gene. The genes which are partially located in genetic mobile elements may facilitate the spread of the resistance to other bacteria. The aim of this study was to identify the blaVIM gene in CRE isolated from infected patients in dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang. This descriptive observational laboratory study using 709 samples of Enterobacteriaceae isolated from various specimens of infected patients at dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang during the September-November period which would be identified as CRE using Vitek 2 Compact. 21 isolates which have been identified by CRE was taken by purposive sampling method to detect blaVIM gene with conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR product was electrophoresed and visualized to see a single 390bp DNA band. Out of 709 isolates of Enterobacteriaceae, 88 (12.4%) isolates were identified as CRE. Only 21 isolates of CRE performed PCR. Three (14.3%) isolates carrying the blaVIM gene which found in Enterobacter sp. (N=2; 66.7%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=1; 33.3%). In this study 14.3%, Enterobacteriaceae with CRE phenotype has blaVIM gene genotype.
Relationship of estrogen beta (ERβ) receptor genes polymorphism with epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Andreinieelel Ria , Nita Sri , Saleh Irsan
Published: July 2019

Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death among all uterine diseases. Ovarian cancer is affected by exogenous and endogenous estrogen factors. Beta estrogen receptors are predominant estrogen receptors in the normal ovary. Polymorphisms in the beta estrogen receptor gene (ERβ) can affect the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer through regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of beta estrogen receptor gene polymorphism (ERβ) with epithelial ovarian cancer incidence. Method: a case-control study, there were 60 samples. A single nucleotide polymorphism in the beta estrogen receptor (RsaI/rs1256049) is selected. Genotyping using PCR-RFLP. Data were analyzed by Chi-square, considered significant if the p-value is less than 0.05. Results: there is no significant difference in the characteristics of respondents. Genotypic frequency in the case group was 56.7% GG, 43.3% GA/AA and control group was 23.2% GG, 76.7% GA/AA. The frequency of alleles in the case group was 78.3% G, 21.7% A and control which was 50% G, 50% A allele. ERβ polymorphism is associated with epithelial ovarian cancer (p 0.018). Allele A in RsaI was associated with epithelial ovarian cancer (p 0.002). Polymorphism of the beta estrogen receptor gene associated with epithelial ovarian cancer.
Potential dual effect anti-inflammatory and anti-platelet of cogon grass ethanol extract on diabetic mice a preliminary study
Authors: Anggraeni Neni , Syamsunarno Mas Rizky A A , Widyastuti Rini , Puspitasari Irma M , Praptama Suhendra
Published: July 2019

Cogon grass is traditional medicine empirically used in nephritis, fever, hypertension, dyspnea, epitaxy, as a hepatoprotector agent, and has function to lower cholesterol and blood glucose. The compound of cogon grass is potentially served as an herbs medicine. But, the effect on haematology profile is still well unknown. We demonstrated the effect of cogon grass ethanol extract in mice model diabetic induced with STZ. Eight weeks old of male balb/c mice were injected intraperitoneally with STZ dose 130 mg/Kg BW. Seven days later, after DM confirmed, mice were given ethanol extract of cogon grass with dose 90 mg/KGBW (treatment group 1) and dose 115 mg/Kg BW (treatment group 2). After 14 days of extract gavage, haematology profile were estimated using the direct current detection method. We found there is no anemia occur in diabetic mice. But, the platelet and WBCs, were tend to increase in diabetic control group and treatment group 1, in contrast in treatment group 2 was tend to decrease. In conclusion, we suggested that the extract ethanol of cogon grass suppress the leukocyte and platelet count. It has potentially effect as anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet on diabetic mice.
Association of vascular endothelial growth factor gene +405 C>G and -460 C>T polymorphism with diabetic foot ulcer in Indonesia
Authors: Muhammad Dahlan Kemas , Pratama Dedy , Muradi Akhmadu , Anita Suryandari Dwi , Yunaini Luluk , Boediningsih Setyawati
Published: July 2019

Background, the greatest risk factor for Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is neuropathy. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene is a gene encodes a protein vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which has a function of angiogenesis and neurogenesis. VEGF plays a role in neuropathy, angiopathy and wound healing in DFU. Methods: Case-control study, case is types 2 DM with DFU and control is type 2 DM without DFU, Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment length polymorphism was done to find genotype polymorphism of VEGF gene. Results: Genotype GG VEGF + 405C> G does not have a significant association with DFU in DM patients (GG + CG / CC; OR; 0.52, 95% CI; 0.15 to 1.73 p; 0.289). G allele is proposed as a protective factor in DFU (OR; 0.86, 95% CI 0.57 to 1.28, and p; 0.456). Genotype TT from VEGF gene -460 C> T; have no significant association with DFU (TT + CT / CC; OR; 0.97, 95% CI; 0.41 to 2.26 and p; 0.942). T allele is predicted as protective factor in DFU (OR; 0.90, 95% CI; 0.59 to 1.37 and p; 0,641). Conclusion: G alleles and T alleles are predicted as a protective factor in DM patients associated with DFU.
Effects of sodium hyaluronate compared with steroid eye drop against the degree of canalicular stenosis in breast cancer patients treated with docetaxel
Authors: Erna Riani , Qodir Nur , Ristania
Published: July 2019

Canalicular stenosis caused by inflammatory processes in the mucosa of canalicular causing thickening of the squamous epithelium, subsequently parakeratosis and hyperkeratosis of the squamous epithelium. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of sodium hyaluronate compared with steroid eye drop against the degree of canalicular stenosis in breast cancer patients treated with docetaxel chemotherapeutic agents. This study was a clinical trial with the randomized controlled trial (RCT) of 80 sample during the period August-October 2017. Bivariate analyzes used chi-square and McNemar test, and multivariate analysis used logistic regression with the backward method. A total of 20 samples with moderate degree stenosis became mild degree and 36 samples with mild degree stenosis became not stenosis after treated with sodium hyaluronate eye drops. A total of 16 samples with moderate degree stenosis became mild degree and 36 samples with mild degree stenosis became not stenosis after treated with steroid eye drops. McNemar test showed a significant difference in the degree of stenosis after treated with sodium hyaluronate (p=0.039) and steroid eye drops (p=0.000), but chi-square test showed no significant difference in the degree of stenosis between sodium hyaluronate and steroid (p=0.302). Multivariate analysis showed that age, duration of administration and dose of docetaxel effects in canalicular stenosis. Administration of sodium hyaluronate and steroid eye drops can improve the degree of canalicular stenosis.
Correlation between the percentage of memory T cells and IFN-γ level in patients with systemic lupus erythematous
Authors: Handono Kusworini , Ulfah Fahrina , Octaviani Hanani , Kalim Handono
Published: July 2019

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease with diverse clinical and autoantibodies expression. Immune senescence is mostly affect the adaptive immune system, characterized by decrease of naïve T cells and increase of memory T cells. The aim of this study was to analyze the association between percentage of memory helper T lymphocytes (CD4CD45RO+Th), memory cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CD8CD45RO+Tc) and IFN-γ serum levels in patients with SLE. Subjects were 61 female SLE patients, 16 -56 years old, from Rheumatology Clinic Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang (SLICC classification criteria, 2012). Severity of disease activity were assessed using MEXSLEDAI score, percentage of memory Th cells, memory Tc cells were examined using flow cytometry and IFN-γ serum level were measured by ELISA. The percentages of memory (CD4+CD45RO+) Th cells, memory (CD8+CD45RO+) Tc cells and IFN-γ levels were significantly higher in SLE patients with SLEDAI score > 5 compared with those having SLEDAI score <5 (p = 0.000; p = 0.000; p = 0.032). There were a positive correlation between percentages of memory (CD4+CD45RO+) Th cells (p = 0.003, r = 0.453) and memory (CD8+CD45RO+) Tc cell (p = 0.045, r = 0.284) with IFN-γ serum level. The percentage of memory T cells had a positive association with IFN-γ serum level.
The Effect of Aerobic Exercise and Caloric Restriction on Mice’s Brain Tissue PGC-1α Levels and Their Memory Abilities
Authors: Irfannuddin Irfannuddin , Santoso Budi , Hidayati Zein Renny , Faris Naufal Adnan
Published: July 2019

Brain degeneration due to oxidative stress will have an impact on cognitive function decline. Aerobic exercise and calorie restriction are equally believed to increase the ability of cells to inhibit the effects of oxidative stress in the brain. Mitochondria are very susceptible to damage due to oxidative stress. Survival ability of mitochondria can be seen by measuring the levels of the PGC-1α protein, which regulates the transcription of mitochondrial biogenesis in brain tissue. A study has been conducted to compare the effects of aerobic exercise and calorie restriction for 8 weeks on PGC-1α levels of brain tissue of mice and their spatial memory. A total of 24 male mice, aged 6 weeks, were divided into 4 groups: control, aerobic exercise (AE), calorie restriction (CR), and a combination of AE + CR. The exercise was done by running in running wheels, every day for 40 minutes at a speed of 10 m / min. Calorie restriction was done by feeding mice as much as 70% of the calories of food consumed by ad libitum. The CR group had a PGC-1a levels and spatial memory higher than the control. The AE group and the combination of AE + CR had PGC-1a levels and spatial memory higher than the CR group, and both groups have no differences. Physical exercise accompanied with calorie restriction or only physical exercise have better effects on brain’s PGC-1a and spatial memory compared with only caloric restriction.
Number of foetus in pregnant Mus musculus which was injected by anti Qa2 and given mild regular exercise: endothelial dysfunction animal model to induce preeclampsia
Authors: Noor MS. , Santoso B. , Triawanti  , Widjiati
Published: July 2019

Preeclampsia community guidline (PRECOG) defined preeclampsia as a condition which was identified by the diastol blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg and proteinuria in ≥ 20 weeks of pregnant. Basic mechanism of preeclampsia was endothelial dysfunction. One of preeclampsia’s impacts was intra uterine fetal death. It could be signed by less number of foetus. One of ways to prevent preeclampsia’s process was mild regular exercise. This research’s goal was analyzing the effect of mild regular exercise to number of foetus in pregnant Mus musculus which was injected by anti QA2 as endothelial dysfunction animal model to induce preeclampsia. The design was experimental. It used 6 Mus musculus/group. The groups were control (normal pregnant/K1), pregnant Mus musculus which was injected by anti QA2 (endithelial dysfunction model/K2), pregnant Mus musculus which was injected by anti QA2 and given mild regular exercise since early pregnant (K3), and pregnant Mus musculus which was injected by anti QA2 and given mild regular exercise since 1 week before pregnant (K4). Statistical analyze used Kruskal Wallis Test (α=0,05). It showed there was no significant different of foetus’ number among all groups. The conclussion was there was no effect of mild regular exercise to number of foetus in pregnant Mus musculus which was injected by anti QA2 as endothelial dysfunction animal model to induce preeclampsia.
Association between size and type of ventricular septal defect and nutritional status in children
Authors: Nova Ria , Salverra Yosy Deny
Published: July 2019

Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is often associated with malnutrition. Nutritional status in VSD is affected by inadequate energy intake or increase energy requirement. The objective of this study to assess the association between size and type of VSD and nutritional status. A cross-sectional study was conducted at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang. Data were collected from medical record and statistical analysis Chi square. All of 401 VSD patients were 68.1% perimembranous outlet, 25.7% doubly committed subarterial, 2.7% perimembranous outlet extension to inlet, 2.5% muscular and 1% inlet. The size of VSD were 133 (33.2%) small, 219 (54.6%) moderate, 49 (12.2%) large. There were 43 (10.7%) severely underweight, 278 (69.3%) underweight, 80 (20%) well nourished; 41 (10.2%) stunting, 360 (72%) normal height; 18 (4.5%) severely wasting, 242(60.3%) wasting and 141 (35.2%) well-nourished based on WAZ, HAZ and WHZ measurement respectively. There were a significant association between size of VSD and underweight (OR 18.147; 95% CI 9.47 to 34.76; p=0.00) and wasting (OR 25.09; 95% CI 14.55 to 43.26; p=0.00). There was a significant association between type of VSD and stunting (p=0.02). Our conclusion that significant association between size, underweight and wasting, also between type and stunting.
Preanesthetic maternal anxiety of 0 – 12 years old children who will undergo anesthesia and the contributing factors
Authors: Perdana Aries , Listyo Astuti Sarah , Ade Wijaya Ramlan Andi , Farida Soenarto Ratna , Wiguna Tjhin
Published: July 2019

Emotional stress, such as seen in preanesthetic anxiety, often occurs in parents and children who will undergo surgery and anesthesia. Preanesthetic anxiety is a subjective feeling associated with increased autonomic nervous system activity. Preanesthetic anxiety experienced by parents can be passed onto their children and have a negative impact on a child such as the occurrence of post anesthesia behaviour disorders. In Indonesia, data about preanesthetic maternal anxiety is still unavailable. The purpose of this study is to determine the proportion of preanesthetic maternal anxiety and the contributing factors. After obtaining ethical approval from Health Research Ethics Committee of FKUI-RSCM, 144 mothers of children aged 0 – 12 years at preoperative clinic Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital who were scheduled to undergo anesthesia, were interviewed using an anxiety disorders interview guide MINI (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview) ICD-10. The anxiety scores were assessed using the VAS (Visual Analogue Scale). Results were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. A total of 70 mothers (48,6%) had anxiety disorders with VAS score ranging between 3- 8 mm. Preanesthetic maternal anxiety is influenced by the child’s age (p = 0.001), history of previous anesthesia on the child (p = 0.004), and number of children (p = 0.041). Mothers with infants are 7.9 times more likely to experience higher anxiety (adjusted OR = 7.982), but because of the wide range of confidence interval (95% CI = 2.599 to 24.512) other factors may also influence the preanesthetic maternal anxiety. Preanesthetic maternal anxiety has fairly high proportion in numbers. This problem needs to be addressed to prevent a negative impact on children post anesthesia.
Effects of Neoadjuvant FAC Chemotherapy response to CD4 + Serum Levels before and after chemotherapy in breast cancer patients local advanced stage at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang General Hospital
Authors: Permana Ade , Kusuma Benny , Qodir Nur , Bahar Erial
Published: July 2019

CD4+ T helper has an important role in maintain long-term antitumor effect. AJ madu reported that there was a significant decrease between CD4 values before and after chemotherapy. Researchers wanted to investigate the effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on CD4+ levels in patients with locally advanced breast cancer at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang. This study was a non-comparable clinical trial by looking at serum CD4+ levels in locally advanced breast cancer patients before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. There are 30 subjects the subject age ranged from 33-66 years with an average of 45 years. 29 patients with marital status (96.7%), 17 patients with contraception history (56.7%), 13 patients with family history of Breast Cancer (43.3%). 23 patients with good chemotherapy response (76.7%) and 7 patients who had poor chemotherapy response (23.3%). Statistical test results using paired t-test showed that there was a significant difference in mean CD4+ count before and after neoadjuvan chemotherapy. At the CD4+ level before chemotherapy 775.55 had a sensitivity of 60% and a specificity of 57% (cut of point). While CD4+ levels after chemotherapy 470.85 with sensitivity of 60% and specificity of 57%. CD4+ pre-chemotherapy examination had a sensitivity score of 60% and a specificity of 57%.
Diversity and abundance model according to habitat characteristics of filariasis vector, Mansonia spp. in Banyuasin, South Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Pratiwi Rini , Anwar Chairil , Salni  , Hermansyah  , Novrikasari  , Hidayat Rachmat , Ghiffari Ahmad , Alfarobi
Published: July 2019

Filariasis is an infectious disease caused by filariae worm transmitted by a mosquito as vectors. Mansonia is one of the genera of filariasis vectors. The high risk of filariasis transmission is the existence of habitat character which is qualified for Mansonia spp. One of filariasis endemic area is Banyuasin, South Sumatera, as much as 2.02% microfilaria rate. This study was conducted to estimate the number of vector abundance influenced by habitat characteristic. The data collection was from two villages: Sedang and Muara Sugih, from April 2017 – May 2018. Mosquitos were caught using aspirators and humans as baits. Ecological factors were the physical environment such as temperature measured by thermometer and humidity measured by sling hygrometer. Water parameter and geographic factors were analyzed. Abundance model of Mansonia spp described using regression test for multivariate analysis. Data analysis was performed and presented in form of frequency tables. The number of samples was 4.956 mosquitoes. There were six species such as Mansonia uniformis, Mansonia annulifera, Mansonia indiana, Mansonia dives, Mansonia bonneae, and Mansonia annulata. Sedang Village was dominated by Mansonia uniformis (41.25%) whereas, Muara Sugih Village was by Mansonia bonneae (45.66%). The ideal habitat characteristics for Mansonia spp were environmental conditions with high temperature and humidity, low water turbidity, low water temperature, low pH, TDS, and high TSS. The diversity and abundance of Mansonia spp as a potential vector of filariasis Brugia malayi in Banyuasin regency was closely related to environmental characteristics such as temperature, humidity, water parameters, and plant species.
Kidney protective effect of acalypha indica linn. root extract in high-fructose and high-cholesterol diet-fed rats
Authors: Nielya Mutiara Putri Anyelir , Wardani Hakim Rani , Purwaningsih Erni H. , Gede Budi Krisnamurti Desak
Published: July 2019

Diet high in fructose and cholesterol may lead to the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). One of the first drugs of choice in DN treatment is captopril. Prolonged use of this drug may lead to some adverse effects and the treatment can be optimized through using other therapy options. Acalypha indica Linn. (AI) may be an alternative herbal therapy for DN. The objective of this research is to investigate the renoprotective effect of AI on DN. For seven weeks, thirty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into groups receiving normal diet and high-fructose and high-cholesterol diet (HFCD). Then, the HFCD-fed rats were divided into four groups receiving different treatment: negative control, AI root extract (250 mg/kgBW), captopril (2.5 mg/kgBW), and combination of captopril and AI. Normal diet group was divided into AI and no treatment. After four weeks of treatment, the rats were terminated and serum urea and creatinine levels were measured. In the normal group, AI therapy decreased serum urea and creatinine levels. In the HFCD groups, AI and captopril monotherapy groups had increased serum urea levels, but lower compared to negative control. Meanwhile, serum creatinine levels decreased in both groups. However, these findings are not statistically significant. We found that combination therapy group had the highest increase in serum urea level, which was significantly different with captopril group (p=0.01). Serum creatinine level was also increased in this group. Our present study showed that AI tend to reduce serum urea and creatinine levels in normal diet group and inhibit the increase of serum urea and creatinine levels in rats fed with HFCD diet. Antagonistic interaction between captopril and AI might be present.
Identification of blaIMP gene carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) isolated from patient infection
Authors: Sabrina Tia , Amalia Ella , Patricia Venny , Yuwono  , Usman Rahmat M.
Published: July 2019

There have been increasing cases of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) through the production of enzymes carbapenemase in the last decade. BlaIMP
gene acts as a gene encoding the enzyme production carbapenemase that hydrolyzes beta-lactam ring in carbapenem antibiotics. The mechanism of bacterial plasmid transfer among Enterobacteriaceae facilitates the spread of carbapenem antibiotic resistance to other bacterial species. This study aims to identify the genes blaIMP
in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital. This research is an observational research laboratory. The population of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria is accumulated in clinical microbiology laboratories RSMH, period September-November 2017, then performed a test to get a sample of bacterial phenotype CRE through Vitex 2® compact bioMerieux tool. CRE phenotype sample obtained bacteria, later identified to determine genotype blaIMP
CRE bacteria samples by PCR and visualized on a 232 bp band. A total of 35 from 730 Enterobacteriaceae bacteria population (4.8%) was identified as bacterial phenotype CRE. A total of three from 35 samples of the CRE phenotype (8.6%) was identified containing the gene genotype blaIMP
. The third came from sputum samples containing Klebsiella pneumoniae, pus containing Enterobacter cloacae and blood containing Serratia marcescens. In this study identified three samples (8.6%) bacterial genes phenotype blaIMP
CRE.
Prognostic significance of CD4/CD8 ratio in patients with advanced cervical cancer
Authors: Sanif Rizal , Nurwany Raissa
Published: July 2019

Cervical cancer is caused by HPV infection, which types mainly 16,18,31, and 45. CD4+ T cells are the most important cells in viral clearance. CD4+ and CD8+ are involved in the apoptotic process and the CD4/CD8 ratio was assessed in response to the treatment of NAC in advanced cervical cancer. We conducted a case-control study with 30 patients of advanced cervical cancer and 30 patients as the control. Samples were taken from the vein and processed using hemocytometry. Samples were checked three times for cases when the stage of cervical cancer was enforced, before patients underwent 2nd and 3rd series of NAC. The majority of controls were 39.73 years and for the cases were 48.3 years. Patients with CD4/CD8 ratio ≥ 1.2069 had 1.5 times higher risk to cervical cancer than patients with CD4/CD8 ratio < 1.2069, but it was insignificant (OR = 1.495, 95% CI = 0.540-4.136, p = 0.605). Before therapy, they had lower CD4 and CD8 value compared to control. The higher the CD4/CD8 ratio before the 3rd series of NAC was, the higher the risk of having no response towards NAC treatment in advanced cervical cancer patients. Moreover, most of our patients had either complete or partial response.
The effect of physical activity motivation to daily step count and VO2max
Authors: Santoso Budi , Irfannuddin Irfannuddin , Swanny Swanny , Gemilang Kesuma Dani
Published: July 2019

The level of physical activity decreases with reduced skeletal muscle movement in daily activities. Motivation to keep moving and adequate physical activity can increase the value of VO max. This study aims to identify the effect of physical activity motivation in VO2 max values so as to increase the degree of fitness and health. The research uses a quasi-experimental design. Samples were high school students in Palembang were divided into 2 groups: the motivation of physical activity and the control group. The motivation for physical activity is routinely done by sending an SMS every 3 days for 60 days, VO2 max values measured using the Multistage Fitness Test and the number of daily steps using pedometers Accupedo application. A total of 80 subjects had a VO2 max pretest and posttest in the intervention group amounted to 40.5 and 42.9 ml/kg/min, while the control group 41.2 and 42.7 ml/kg/min. The number of daily steps in the intervention group for 8959 steps, while the control group of 7398 steps. Statistical analysis by paired t-test showed that there was a significant effect on the motivation of physical activity daily step count (p <0.001) and VO2 max values (p <0.001).
The effect of ethynyl estradiol and desogestrel on proliferation and apoptosis hydatidiform mole trophoblast cell
Authors: Sastradinata Irawan , Andrijono  , Lelly Heffen Wan , Sutrisna Bambang
Published: July 2019

This study purpose to explore the effect of ethynyl estradiol and desogestrel on proliferation and apoptosis hydatidiform mole trophoblast cell. Hydatidiform mole tissue, trophoblast cells were isolated and culture at RPMI 20% FBS medium. Trophoblast cells divided into three groups observation. First group get ethynyl estradiol 10 nmol/mL, second group get desogestrel 100 nmol/mL, third group get DMSO 1%. Cells incubated and observe at 24, 48, 72, 96 hours. Cell cycle, apoptosis and β HCG was evaluated. The group of cells that get ethynyl estradiol in concentration 10 nmol/mL had cell proliferation index, amount cells and β HCG level higher than control after 72 hours observation. The group of cells that get desogestrel in concentration 100 nmol/mL have cell proliferation index, amount cells and β HCG level lower than control after 48 hours observation. There are no differences of apoptosis between the two group and control. Conclusion: Ethynyl estradiol will increase proliferation of hydatidiform mole trophoblast cell, while desogestrel will decrease proliferation of hydatidiform mole trophoblast cell. There is no effect of ethynyl estradiol and desogestrel on apoptosis of hydatidiform mole trophoblast cell.
A radiologic feature of spine related to musculoskeletal disorder on pedicab drivers
Authors: Seta Septadina Indri , Rulan Adnindya Msy , Suciati Tri
Published: July 2019

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) is a health problem that was results from a work and reported form repetitious movement and awkward postures. The aim of this study is identifying MSDs on pedicab drivers and analyse the radiologic features of the spine (vertebral column) related to MSDs. The research was an observational study with 30 pedicab drivers in Palembang. Musculoskeletal disorders were identified from a Nordic questionnaire whereas other factors were measured using a self-data questionnaire, and anthropometric measurements. A radiologic feature of vertebral column was taken on X-Ray examination of thoracolumbalis spine on lateral and anteroposterior position. The results of this study show that there was a significance difference between lower back pain with lumbar spondylosis p-value = 0.042 (p <α). A pedalling position on pedicab drivers that involves some muscles and bones that manifested to a radiologic feature of spine especially at lumbar spondylosis.
The correlation between uric acid and stages of malignancy among gastric cancer patient in Palembang, Indonesia
Authors: Subandrate  , Yee Lea Kang , Safyudin
Published: July 2019

Gastric cancer is a malignant gastric mucosal cancer that often began on the side where the gastric layer is inflamed. Previous research has shown that high uric acid levels are associated independently with an increased risk of gastric cancer and it is suspected that there is a correlation between gastric cancer and elevated levels of uric acid levels but is still poorly known in detail. The aim of this study was to analyse the correlation between uric acid levels and stage of malignancy of gastric cancer patients in the oncology department of Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang. This research was an analytic observational study by using a cross-sectional design to test the correlation between uric acid levels and stages of malignancy in gastric cancer. The results obtained was analyzed using Goodman and Kruskal’s Gamma correlation test. The Goodman and Kruskal’s gamma test results showed a strong correlation (p=0,033; r=0,746) between uric acid levels and which shows a significant correlation with 95% of confidence levels. Every increment in uric acid levels would be followed by an increase in stages of malignancy in gastric cancer.