bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intercultivo de maíz forrajero: producción de materia seca, desarrollo fenológico y calidad nutritiva de cinco gramíneas suplementarias de invierno
Authors: Sube A. , Loaiza P. , Descalzi C. , Calvache I. , Alonso M. , Balocchi O.
Published: December 2022

Este trabajo evaluó la producción de materia seca (MS) y valor nutritivo de cinco gramíneas anuales de crecimiento invernal como alternativas para ser utilizadas en intercultivo de maíz forrajero. El ensayo se realizó en el sur de Chile. Se establecieron 15 parcelas de 222 m2 y se evaluó Lolium multiflorum LAM. var. westerwoldicum (LM), Avena sativa L. (AS), Avena strigosa Schreb. (AT), Secale cereale L. (SC) y Hordeum vulgare L. (HV). Se determinó la producción de MS, relación vaina : lámina : tallo, escala Zadoks y calidad nutritiva. Las fechas de los cortes fueron el 21 de julio, 4 de agosto, 21 de agosto, 4 de septiembre, 21 de septiembre y 1 de octubre de 2017. Los rebrotes se cortaron el 1 de octubre de 2017. El diseño fue de bloques completos al azar con arreglo factorial de 5x6 para los cortes (cinco especies por 6 cortes) y 5×5 para los rebrotes (5 especies por 5 rebrotes). Avena strigosa fue la especie con la mayor producción de MS en los cortes. En los rebrotes LM obtuvo las mayores producciones de MS. En la producción acumulada de cortes más rebrotes LM y AT obtuvieron los mayores rendimientos. En valor nutritivo, LM presentó las mayores concentraciones de proteína cruda (PC), energía metabolizable y menores de fibra detergente neutro y ácido. Por lo contrario, SC y AT fueron las especies con estados fenológicos más avanzados, aumentando su contenido de fibra y consecuentemente, un menor valor nutritivo.
Evaluation of quality of some commonly used herbal medicinal plants in local markets of FCT, Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Tarfa Florence D. , Samali A. , Ibekwe Nneka N , Adigwe O.P
Published: December 2022

The safety of herbal medicines has become a major concern to both national health authorities and the general public. Hence their production, quality, distribution and use are regulated. Some medicinal plants commonly used for malaria, diabetes and Tuberculosis and respiratory conditions were evaluated for qual-ity. The objective of the study is to assess some quality specifications, physicochemical and heavy metals of some medicinal plant extracts. The samples were identified, purchased, processed and analyzed using appropriate standards methods specified by WHO and AOAC; while the heavy metals content was analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophometer (AAS). All the analyzed samples passed WHO permissible limit established for heavy metals content, however 42.8 and 21.4% of the samples failed moisture and ash con-tent permissible limits respectively. High level of moisture content will favor microbial and fungal growth and shortens shelf-life of the samples. The WHO maximum permissible limits for moisture and ash content are ≤15 and ≤8. The ash content was also above standard permissible limit in 80% of the samples, this could be associated to improper handling that has resulted to introduction of inorganic substances such as silica and other inorganic matters. The levels of heavy metals content were all below the WHO maximum per-missible limits. The moisture, ash and heavy metals are among the important parameters of medicinal plants that require frequent routine monitoring in order to ensure safety.
Hepatorenal function of Wistar rats treated with Alamo and Jekomo, an alcoholic herbal bitters in Nigeria
Authors: Adeyemi Maria Modupe , Afolabi Olayinka M. , Balogun Nifemi
Published: December 2022

Increased demand for herbal remedies and natural quest for alcohol consumption has positioned alcoholic herbal bitters an acclaimed blood detoxifying and liver cleansing potential as an ideal drink without scientific validation. This study assessed the hepatorenal effect of Alomo and Jekomo, commonly consumed alcoholic bitters in male Wistar rat. Thirty male Wistar rats weighing 110 to 130 g were divided into six groups of five animals each and treated with distilled water, ethanol, Alomo and Jekomo Alcoholic Bitters at 2.68 mL/kg body weight respectively for 28 days. The serum and kidney homogenate were used to determine biochemical parameters such as total protein, albumin, creatinine, urea and bilirubin following standard methods. There was a significant increase (p < 0.05) in serum and kidney levels of total protein and albumin in alcohol treated groups. A significant increase (p < 0.05) in serum creatinine levels of ethanol and kidney homogenate of Jekomo bitters treated group when compared with control. A significant increase (p < 0.05) in serum and kidney urea and bilirubin concentration was also observed in all alcohol treated groups when compared with control. A combined elevation in urea and creatinine and bilirubin suggest a moderate to severe form of kidney and liver damage induced by the alcoholic herbal bitters. As essential markers of kidney function, the recorded elevation of urea and creatinine shows a potential exposure to renal dysfunction. Prolonged and increased consumption of these alcoholic herbal bitters should be discouraged to prevent hepatocellular injury or damage.
Antimicrobial activity of the ethyl acetate extracts of Chrysophyllum albidum (African Star Apple) cotyledons.
Authors: Babaiwa UF , Ifijen DE , Erharuyi O , Eraga SO , Akerele JO
Published: December 2022

The challenge of increasing number of antibiotic-resistant nosocomial bacteria pathogens have led to a renewed focus on plants for possible discovery of lead molecule that could pave the way for new generation antimicrobial agent. This study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of the ethyl acetate extract of the cotyledons of Chrysophyllum albidum, with a view to exploring the antimicrobial properties of its chemical constituents. Powdered C. albidum cotyledons were screened for phytochemical constituents using standard methods and the extract obtained by maceration in ethyl acetate. The crude extract was evaluated for antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella aerogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger using standard agar-well diffusion method. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) was used to determine the chemical constituents of the extract. Alkaloids, phenolics, tannins, terpenoids and flavoniods were the major constituents present in the powdered cotyledons. A deep brown oily extract with a pleasant-sweet odour and a yield of 2.53% was obtained. The extract showed a high antimicrobial activity with inhibition zone diameter (IZD) range of 20.50 - 25.00 mm. Antimicrobial activity of the extract was bacteriostatic at minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 25.00 mg/mL and bactericidal at a concentration of 50.00 mg/mL (minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC)). Data obtained from GC-MS analysis showed presence of seventeen (17) components with 6 major spectral peaks; oleic acid (54.65%), n-hexadecanoic acid (13.27%), cis-9-hexadecenal (8.68%), betulin (7.23%), 2-pentanone (6.00%) and octamethyl (5.12%). The abundance of fatty acids in the cotyledons of C. albidum coupled with the observed inhibitory activities would present a potential candidate to be explored for the production of bioactive agents.
Studies on the antimicrobial properties and GC-MS analysis of ethyl acetate extract of Annona muricata seeds
Authors: Babaiwa UF , Okonkwo TJ , Erharuyi O , Eraga SO , Akerele JO
Published: December 2022

The increasing resistance profile of many bacterial and yeast strains to conventional antimicrobial agents has heightened the search for bioactive compounds from higher plants that would serve as lead molecules in the discovery and development of new drugs. This study determined the antimicrobial properties and chemical constituents of the ethyl acetate extract of Annona muricata seeds. Crude extract obtained by maceration of pulverized seeds of Annona muricata in ethyl acetate was evaluated for antimicrobial activity against six clinical bacterial isolates (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella aerogenes) and one fungus (Candida albicans) using agar-well diffusion method. GC-MS method was used to determine the chemical constituents of the extract. The extraction yielded 19.93% of an oily yellow crude mass. The extract inhibited the growth of all test bacteria with inhibitory zone diameters range of 23.5 - 17.02 mm and 25.90 - 31.50 mm for the standard antimicrobial agents. The GC-MS analysis identified 48 chemical constituents in the extract with 9,12-octadecadienal, 1,14-tetradecadienal, phthalic and fatty acids accounting for 15.26, 7.77, 2.53 and 11.20% respectively. The data from this study revealed the possible antimicrobial potentials and chemical constituents of Annona muricata seeds and hence the scientific basis for its traditional use in the treatment of some infections.
Simultaneous poisoning of 48 birds of prey – bendiocarb determination with the use of UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS method in fatal case from Eastern Europe
Authors: Chłopaś-Konowałek Agnieszka , Zawadzki Marcin , Kurach Łukasz , Wachełko Olga , Ciaputa Rafał , Tusiewicz Kaja , Szpot Paweł
Published: December 2022

Aim: Bendiocarb is used against a wide range of insects but has already been withdrawn from the market in some countries. It poses a high risk to birds as they can accidentally ingest it while searching for food, followed by toxic effects. This paper presents the results of toxicological and histopathological studies of 48 cases of intentional birds of prey poisoning with bendiocarb in Eastern Europe, specifically Poland.

Materials and methods: A novel ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS) method for bendiocarb determination in animal liver samples was developed and fully validated. The sample preparation technique was based on one-step precipitation of proteins with cold acetonitrile. The internal standard used was carbaryl-d7. Full time of analysis was less than 10 minutes. The application of the UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS method allowed us to achieve the lowest LOQ (1 ng/g) of bendiocarb in biological samples to date.

Results: Necropsies and histopathological examinations of common ravens (Corvus corax), western marsh harriers (Circus aeruginosus), red kites (Milvus milvus), and a white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) revealed multi-organ toxicity manifested as congestion, oedema, or stagnation of blood. An analytical investigation confirmed the presence of bendiocarb in liver in the 1808–7721 ng/g range. Furthermore, the presence of this compound was qualitatively confirmed in the stomach and beak contents and also in the bait located near the deceased animals.

Conclusions: A comprehensive forensic examination is crucial to monitor wildlife fatalities, especially applying a combined analytical and histopathological approach to identify and eliminate highly toxic substances which pose a threat to the ecosystem.
Non-generators in extensions of infinitary algebras
Authors: Lipparini Paolo
Published: December 2022

Contrary to the finitary case, the set Γ(A) of all the non-generators of an infinitary algebra A is not necessarily a subalgebra of A. We show that the phenomenon is ubiquitous: every algebra with at least one infinitary operation can be embedded into some algebra B such that Γ(B) is not a subalgebra of B. As far as expansions are concerned, there are examples of infinite algebras A such that in every expansion B of A the set Γ(B) is a subalgebra of B. However, under relatively weak assumptions on A, it is possible to get some expansion B of A such that Γ(B) fails to be a subalgebra of B.
A formal approach to Menger's theorem
Authors: Bonacina Roberta , Misselbeck-Wessel Daniel
Published: December 2022

Menger's graph theorem equates the minimum size of a separating set for non-adjacent vertices a and b with the maximum number of disjoint paths between a and b. By capturing separating sets as models of an entailment relation, we take a formal approach to Menger's result. Upon showing that inconsistency is characterised by the existence of suficiently many disjoint paths, we recover Menger's theorem by way of completeness.
Bioinkrustacje: kamienie, porosty i organiczna ornamentyka macew
Authors: Smykowski Mikołaj
Published: December 2022

In the article I propose to critically rethink the process of biodeterioration. By following the inexorable growth of mosses and lichen species on Jewish heritage –especially the lapidarium of matzevot situated in the Rzuchowski Forest (former terrains of Waldlager Kulmhof) –I try to reconfigure the meaning of “green matzevah”and suggest the potential ways of understanding microbiological processes occurring on the surface of the tombstones from both ecological and cultural perspective. My goal is to show the complicity of human and non-human subjects in creating the dynamic assemblages of abiotic and organic matter that may be interpreted as a specific ornament on the surface of matzevot. I use the narrative strategy of multispecies storytelling and claim that writing history of ongoing heritage erosion is at the same time writing history of new microhabitats’ emergence.
Zawieszenie działalności wykonywanej w formie kancelarii radcy prawnego w związku ze sprawowaniem opieki nad osobą z niepełnosprawnością
Authors: Małysa-Sulińska Katarzyna , Wujczyk Marcin
Published: December 2022

Przedmiotem artykułu jest analiza regulacji normatywnych odnoszących się do możliwości ustalenia prawa do świadczenia dla opiekuna osoby z niepełnosprawnością w przypadku zawieszenia działalności gospodarczej prowadzonej przez radcę prawnego. Przedstawiono w nim zarówno sposoby wykonywania zawodu radcy prawnego, zawieszenie działalności wykonywanej w formie kancelarii radcy prawnego, jak i rodzaje świadczeń dla opiekuna osoby z niepełnosprawnością, a także przesłanki determinujące możliwość ustalenia tych świadczeń. Suspension of activities conducted in the form of a law firm of attorney-at-law in connection with taking care of a person with disabilities The article analyzes normative regulations relating to the possibility of establishing the right to a benefit for a caregiver of a person with disabilities in the case of suspension of business activity conducted by an attorney-at-law. It outlines how to practice law as an attorney-at-law, suspend activities conducted in the form of a law firm of attorney-at-law, as well as types of benefits for a caregiver of a person with disabilities, and the premises determining those benefits.
O niekonstytucyjności zasad wynagradzania radców prawnych świadczących pomoc prawną z urzędu i wynikających z tego skutkach prawnych
Authors: Florczak-Wątor Monika
Published: December 2022

Artykuł wyjaśnia powody, dla których zasady wynagradzania radców prawnych świadczących pomoc prawną z urzędu nie spełniają standardów konstytucyjnych, a także wskazuje wynikające z tego skutki prawne. Autorka dochodzi do wniosku, że zróżnicowanie wynagrodzeń radców prawnych z urzędu i z wyboru za te same czynności podejmowane w ramach udzielanej pomocy prawnej jest niekonstytucyjne, zwłaszcza w świetle wniosków wynikających z analizy wyroku TK z 23 kwietnia 2020 r., SK 66/19. Artykuł analizuje również możliwe sposoby usuwania wspomnianej niekonstytucyjności w procesie sądowego stosowania prawa, które mogą mieć znaczenie, zanim zgodność z Konstytucją zasad wynagradzania radców prawnych świadczących pomoc prawną z urzędu zostanie wprowadzona przez ustawodawcę.

On the unconstitutionality of the remuneration policy for attorneys-at-law who provide ex-officio legal aid

The paper discloses the reasons why the principles of remunerating attorneys-at-law who provide legal aid ex officio do not meet constitutional standards as well as indicates the resulting legal consequences. The author concludes that differentiating the remuneration of attorneys-at-law appointed by a party to the proceedings and attorneys-at-law appointed by the court for the same activities undertaken as part of the legal aid provided is unconstitutional, especially in the light of the conclusions resulting from the analysis of the judgement of the Constitutional Tribunal of 23 April 2020, file ref. SK 66/19. The paper also interprets the possible ways of removing the aforementioned unconstitutionality in the process of judicial application of the law, which may be significant before the compliance with the Constitution of the principles for remuneration of attorneys-at-law providing ex officio legal aid will be ensured by the legislator.
Lawyer as a Translator. On the Metaphorical Understanding of the Expert Nature of Legal Professions
Authors: Skuczyński Paweł
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this article is to clarify the nature of legal professions as experts. In particular, an attempt has been made to answer the question of what, in the case of these professions, is the social role that requires the application of abstract knowledge to specific cases. The starting point for consideration is social theories that see this role as a mediation and integration of the social structure. Next, using the methodology of cognitive metaphor, this characterization is further clarified by juxtaposing it with another type of expert activity, i.e., translation. Thus, practical problems were identified in the work of a lawyer, related to mediating in the social structure between abstract knowledge of law and solving individual legal problems. These problems were characterized primarily as difficulties in the use of different languages by institutions and citizens.
The language of legal populism – a philosophical and legal perspective
Authors: Matczak Marcin
Published: December 2022

Populism researchers draw attention to the vital role of language in the implementation of Popularist agenda. This role is discernible in propaganda practices, in attempts to redefine pre-existing notions, and in changing social – but also – linguistic conventions.

The recent wave of populism (2010–2021) touches upon law and the rule of law in a special way, and thus phenomena such as propaganda, redefinition of notions and change of convention are often implemented in the field of the language of law. This elaboration is an attempt to analyse the mechanism of changes in the linguistic conventions governing the language of the law and legal language caused by populism, while the tool for this analysis is the philosophy of law applying the achievements of the philosophy of language.

Using the concepts and theories proposed by E. Laclau, N. Lacey, R.G. Millikan and F. Recanati, in this study, I explain what the change of legal culture – being conducted by populists – is, defined as a set of linguistic and behavioural conventions relevant to the law.

The predominant thesis of the research paper in this area is the claim that the populist change of legal culture consists in turning concepts that are vital for law into empty or constantly floating signifiers, and in destroying legal conventions by 1) ceasing to reproduce behaviours that have so far constituted linguistic and behavioural conventions in the field of law, or 2) initiating the reproduction of new behaviours. In both cases, the modification of the convention entails the loss of their ability to perform functions that are appropriate within the meaning of R.G. Millikan, and thus causes a decline or loss of social usefulness. The analysis carried out enables to draw conclusions as to how the populist change of legal culture can be counteracted.
Prolotherapy with Very Fine Needle and Low Concentration of Glucose in a Patient with Chronic Lateral Elbow Pain
Authors: Lee Jun Seog , Seo Yo Han , Jo Won Yeong , Ryu Taeha , Lee So Young , Jung Jin Yong
Published: December 2022

Prolotherapy is a non-surgical injection treatment method that repeatedly injects small amounts of proliferators into damaged ligaments, tendon, joints and surrounding tissues. The most common proliferator is a high concentration of glucose solution. Glucose solutions with a concentration of 10-25% are commonly used. Prolotherapy using glucose solution has few serious adverse events, but common side effects include post injection pain, stiffness, edema, and mild bleeding. There are many cases of complaining of pain caused by injection during or after prolotherapy. Some patients give up treatment if the pain is severe. A 43-year-old male patient visited the hospital with both elbow pain and left wrist pain, and prolotherapy was performed. In order to minimize pain during procedure and post injection pain of the patient, 10% glucose solution with 0.5% lidocaine was injected using a very fine needle of 30 G. The total number of treatments was eight. The patient did not complain of pain caused by needle insertion during procedure and post-injection pain. Chronic pain that lasted for two years after treatment almost disappeared. The patient was very satisfied with this treatment method and result.
RASGELE ORMAN VE İKİLİ PARÇACIK SÜRÜ ZEKÂSI YÖNTEMİYLE KALP YETMEZLİĞİ HASTALIĞINDAKİ ÖLÜM RİSKİNİN TAHMİNLENMESİ
Authors: SALMAN Osamah Khaled Musleh , AKSOY Bekir
Published: December 2022

Son yıllarda kalp hastalıkların hızla artışı ile birlikte bu hastalıklardan ölen insanların sayısı da hızla artmaktadır. Bu nedenle hastalıkların erken teşhisi, insan yaşam ömrünü arttırmada oldukça önemlidir. Çalışmada 2015 yılı nisan ve aralık aylarını kapsayan kalp yetmezliği hastalarına ait toplam 299 klinik hastaya ait kayıtlar açık erişimli internet sitesinden alınarak kullanılmıştır. Açık erişimli internet sitesinden elde edilen veriler veri ön işleme aşamasından geçirilerek yapay zekâ ile analiz için hazır hale getirilmiştir. Veri seti ilk olarak Rasgele Orman algoritmasının hiper parametreleri belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen hiper parametreler, ikili parçacık sürü zekâ yöntemi kullanılarak veri seti üzerinde global bir özellik seçimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar tekrar rasgele orman algoritması ve 10 kat 10 iterasyonu ile çapraz doğrulama ile eğitilerek ölüm risk durumunu gösteren en uygun model elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen modelin 100 eğitimin ortalama doğruluk oranı ise %79.66 olarak belirlenmiştir.
Preliminary considerations and notes on the Sarmatian burial vestiges of Timișoara – „Hladik 1” (Timiș county)
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology and History of Art Cluj-Napoca, Bârcă Vitalie , Florescu Cristian ,   National Museum of the Union Alba Iulia, Fântâneanu Cristinel ,   National Museum of the Union Alba Iulia, Matiș Anca ,   National Museum of the Union Alba Iulia
Published: December 2022

The 2019-2020 archaeological research resulted in the discovery, near Timișoara, at site Hladik 1, of a Sarmatae cemetery of which 139 burials have been investigated, some encircled by a ditch. The grave goods in the Timișoara – „Hladik 1” burials, rather varied and rich, are represented by handmade or wheel-thrown pots, domestic and household objects, toiletries, silver coins, adornment and dress items, weapons, etc. The preliminary analysis of the grave goods dates grosso modo the graves’ group to the chronological frame between late 2nd century and last decades of the 3rd century AD.
As diversas cartografias e suas representações: conflitos territoriais no Norte de Minas Gerais
Authors: Silva Cássio Alexandre , Braz Uakyrê Pankararu , Correia Joyce Nayara Wanderley , Silva Karine Siqueira Camilo , Almeida Wesley Martins de
Published: December 2022

Apresentamos o curso intitulado“As Diversas Cartografias e Suas Representações: Conflitos Territoriais no Norte de Minas Gerais”, ao 16º Fórum de Ensino, Pequisa, Extensão e Gestão/Unimontes (2022), com a justificativa de ampliar o debate  e divulgação da pesquisa .  Com base nos conflitos territoriais no Norte de Minas Gerais, as populações originárias (indígenas) bem como as populações  quilombolas, as comunidades tradicionais (gerazeiros, caatingueiros, ilheiros, vazanteiros e veredeiros) e assentados de movimentos sociais, reconhecem suas expressões e representações sociais. Ambientalmente, socialmente, politicamente, juridicamente a identidade  afirma-se diante de suas representações. Materialmente e imaterialmente a comunicação e a linguagem cartográfica abordam e reconhecem elementos representativos socialmente. O mapeamento dos conflitos são indispensáveis para o desenvolvimento e organização dos processos das relações de territorialidades na região. As populações autocartografam suas realidades com propostas de resoluções e empoderamento socioespacial e sustentável. Como problema,  propomos saber se com os usos das diversas cartografias, pode-se minimizar  e reconhecer o enfrentamento de conflitos socioespaciais(?). Como objetivo, reconhecer as diversas cartografias e suas representações nos conflitos territoriais no norte de Minas Gerais. A abordagem é acionada e dada em apresentar as representações de automapeamentos e cartografias participativas. Metodologicamente o curso é apresentado com conteúdos teóricos; exemplificações textuais de diversas modalidades cartográficas; prática com mapa mudo e imagens de paisagens; debate e referêncais bibliográficas. O resultado do curso teve abrangência de superação além do contexto geográfico, pois diretamente atingiu acadêmicos dos cursos de Ciências Sociais/Antropologia, Direito, Geografia e Matemática.
Los retos de la educación para el desarrollo sostenible en Guatemala
Authors: Gómez Méndez Maira Virginia
Published: December 2022

OBJETIVO:  promover la cultura ecológica desde la educación para la sostenibilidad desarrollando vínculos entre las instituciones nacionales e internacionales a través de la reestructuración de los currículos y unidades competenciales  en todos  los  programas  y  planes  de estudios. MÉTODO: dentro de la presente investigación se utilizó el método descriptivo y deductivo, debido a la limitada extensión que se requirió a los investigadores, planteándose retos y distintas líneas de acción probables, por consiguiente, viables para el desarrollo de una investigación de mayores proporciones.  RESULTADOS: es importante resaltar que en la mayoría de instituciones específicamente educativas, se carece de una currícula que proyecte unidades competenciales con enfoque sostenible / sustentable y algunas otras instituciones de carácter público y privado, así como en el nivel superior no aseguran la inclusión de contenidos desde la perspectiva de la sustentabilidad. CONCLUSIÓN:  para concluir con estas ideas es preciso entender que el papel de la educación es y ha sido preparar a los sujetos para la vida,  creando entornos propicios para impulsar   y promover la sostenibilidad desde los diferentes niveles del Sistema educativo guatemalteco,  por lo tanto es preciso comprender que la educación no puede homogeneizarse, cada contexto es diferente, no existe una realidad única, sino que las diferentes percepciones aportan diferentes matices puesto que la verdad no puede suponerse absoluta; encaminemos pues, nuestros esfuerzos como educadores a forjar a los ciudadanos del mañana, con conciencia plena de su condición humana y del entorno que le rodea sobre una educación sustentable.
PRAVO LOVA U RIMSKOM PRAVU
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Tucaković Saša
Published: December 2022

In Roman law, in principle, there was a free right to hunt, which was reflected on the one hand in the treatment of wild animals as ownerless things (res nullius), and on the other hand as the hunter‘s right to freely access the other people's land for the purpose of hunting. With the strengthening of private ownership, free hunting increasingly represented, from the point of view of the landowner, entering in the domain of his ownership rights, which is why a balance had to be made between the right to free hunting and the owner's property interests. The paper deals with the acquisition of ownership over game, as well as the historical development of the relationship between free hunting and ownership.
ZAŠTITA ZAPOSLENIH OD ZLOSTAVLjANjA NA RADU U PRAVU REPUBLIKE SRBIJE
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Urdarević Bojan
Published: December 2022

Harassment at work is negative phenomenon that is being tried to be suppressed. Everyone has the right to personal dignity, but also to work worthy of a human being, and accordingly, the employer has the obligation to create the necessary conditions for work and organize work so that harassment at work or in connection with work is prevented. Labour relations are changing more and more with the change of social relations and the process of globalization. Organizational changes in work, greater competitiveness, poverty, economic crises and other negative factors contribute to the deterioration of working conditions. These changes are generally not accompanied by adequate adjustment programs, which is a burden for employees. In such circumstances, the interpersonal relations of employees are worsened which can lead to conflict situations, but also to harassment at work. The existing legal framework is necessary, but not sufficient, because numerous other activities are needed to overcome disputed situations.
Teaching Al-Quran among the Army Personels to increase the Level of Discipline
Authors: Abidin Zahimi Zainol , Mohd Zainol Noor Azmi , Salleh Daud Mohamed , Razali Noor Afiza
Published: December 2022

Discipline has been characterised by several scholars as mental and moral activities that ensure conformity to rules and regulations for the development of society. In any organisation, the core problem that needs to be tackled is the disciplinary problem. Islam has promoted discipline as the interjecting factor which leads to success in this world and hereafter. This descriptive study will be discussing on the disciplinary problems among the army personnel, the contributing factors to the problem as well as coming up with Islamic approach solutions to the problem. Discipline and the military are synonymous and the ability to adhere to the rules that have been determined is the decisive factor which can lead to one's career excellence in the military. Zina, gambling, alcoholism is some of the criminal cases that have been committed by these personnel. It is believed that the occurrences of these cases are due to their lack of religious knowledge and practices (not performing prayers and being ignorant towards the Al-Quran), lack of parental guidance and family problems. This paper will investigate how the principles of Al-Quran can assist in the instillation of discipline as outlined in Islamic teachings among the military personnel. This study will use a qualitative method by reviewing related documents, interviews and carrying out observations. In order to establish high discipline levels within the Malaysian Armed Forces, a more in-depth assessment of the existing disciplinary problems, their contributing elements, and resolving actions based on the principles of the Al-Quran will be conducted.
Islamic Value Education and Reconstruction of Civilization in Disruptive Era
Authors: Rachman Taofik Andi , Latipah Euis , Hasanah Aan , Arifin Bambang Samsul
Published: December 2022

Today, the world is experiencing the development of science and technology on all fronts. The most notable developments are in the field of information and communication technology. So that information from all over the world can be obtained quickly. However, on the other hand, the problems faced by humans are increasingly complex. Value decline in character education and value application in Islamic civilization occurred. The need to revive Islamic values in the era of industrial revolution 4.0 is the answer so that human do not forget their identity. This study's purpose is to describe a reconstruction of Islamic civilization in an era of value decline based on research, expert opinion, and historical experience. This research uses the library research method. The results of this study see that the reconstruction of civilization is an effective way of changing mental habits that have long hindered awakening. The immaterial factor is the primary condition of the establishment of civilization. Part of the factors is the worldview and thought of value. Transforming worldview and value with da'wah and education must adjust to technology development today. Social networking sites, video-sharing sites, chat apps, video conference apps, and other digital platforms are part of the reconstruction of civilization.
Poverty Alleviation: Womenomics versus the Islamic Solution
Authors: Alwie Alvi Furwanti , Kusumawaty Yeni , Hidayat Dina
Published: December 2022

Society currently faces problems in every aspect of life, including socioeconomic problems such as the problem of increasingly severe poverty. The Central Statistics Agency (BPS) report noted that the number of poor people in Indonesia in 2020 was 26.42 million. The existence of a pandemic exacerbates the situation with rising poverty levels. In addition, many women have to work as heads of households, and the high divorce rate makes the challenges even more difficult. One of the solutions to women's poverty that is currently the mainstream is the gender perspective. Based on this gender perspective, the idea of alleviating women's poverty was emerged through empowering women in the public sector, including in work environment. This idea has been supported by International Programs including the APEC Women and Economic Forum in early September 2013, which voiced the slogan 'Women as Economic Drivers'. In line with this, Japan also echoed the term womenomics. This article aims to: (1) identify the background of the emergence of the idea of womenomics and the extent to which it has been achieved; (2) identify the root cause of poverty and (3) recommend a complete solution to the problem of poverty from an Islamic perspective. The results show that the background of the push for women to public sector, including the womenomics strategy is not based on concern for women's welfare but as an instrument to pursue economic growth. So the results achieved are not far from the capitalist calculation. This womenomics perspective is in stark contrast to the view of Islam, where women and men have equal opportunities to achieve high rewards and positions before the Creator in their respective roles. The perfect Islamic Shari'a has a mechanism for solving people's poverty, and it has been proven during fourteen centuries of Islamic practice.
Learning Model for Local Wisdom-based Prophet's Hadith Translation
Authors: Nugraha Tubagus Chaeru , Lukman Fahmy , Amalia Rosaria Mita
Published: December 2022

Google Translate is a famous translation machine among students. It is just that in the Arabic-Indonesian translation, they still need to re-edit the translation. This means that there is a problem with the quality of the machine translation results, so the accuracy still needs to be improved. Therefore, it is essential to research Arabic-Indonesian translation learning. The purpose of this study is to describe the forms of Arabic-Indonesian machine translation errors. In addition, this study also offers the Ngalodern method, Indonesian local wisdom, so that students can improve the quality of Arabic-Indonesian translation. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis and uses an eclectic combination of theories to achieve the objectives of this study. There are three stages of this research. First, providing data through selected questionnaires and interviews. Second, the data analysis uses the translational equivalent method to determine the exact equivalent of meaning, while the distributional method is used to describe the level of grammatical errors. Third, is the presentation of data in the form of a table of the percentage of errors in translation cases in the field of Islam. Ngalodern, Indonesian local wisdom as an effort to improve the quality of Arabic-Indonesian translation is described descriptively. There are two findings from this research namely, The first is a description of translation errors at the level of morphemes, words, phrases, and clauses. Second, Ngalodern learning on Arabic-Indonesian translation with critical literacy based on the Sundanese culture in the field of education. In conclusion, Ngalodern learning can improve the learner's ability to edit Arabic-Indonesian machine translation results.
Shodaqoh Infaq Management Model to Increase Community Economic Welfare
Authors: Kurjono Kurjono , Juliana J. , Hidayat Tatang
Published: December 2022

The purpose of the study is to analyze how empowering the infaq shodaqoh fund managed by the Mosque can have more added value to improve the welfare of the surrounding community. The research method used is qualitative with a Research and development approach. The results showed that the mosque not only functions as a place of worship but has a more special social and economic function in terms of empowerment. The infak shodaqoh fund, if appropriately managed and professionally, can improve the community's welfare. This is done by carrying out an empowerment model by the DKM management to be used as a revolving fund. Furthermore, this study implies that the infaq shodaqoh fund can improve people's welfare from an economic aspect. This is done by conducting an economic empowerment model.
İmalat Sanayi Üretimi ile Çevresel Kirlilik İlişkisi: Türkiye İçin Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi Hipotezinin Geçerliliği
Authors: ÜNLÜOĞLU Merve , DAĞDEMİR Özcan
Published: December 2022

İmalat sanayi özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkeler için ekonominin dinamik gücünü oluşturmaktadır. İmalat sanayi üretiminde tüketilen kömür, petrol ve doğalgaz gibi karbon temelli fosil enerji kaynakları sera gazı salınımına neden olmaktadır. İmalat sanayi çeşitli üretim alanları yoluyla doğrudan ve sektörün enerji talebi yoluyla dolaylı olarak sera gazları üretimi ile ilişkilidir. Çalışmanın temel amacı Türkiye imalat sanayi üretimi ve imalat sanayi kaynaklı sera gazı emisyonları arasında Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi (ÇKE) hipotezinin öngördüğü ters-U ilişkisinin geçerliliğini 1998-2018 dönemini kapsayan yıllık verileri kullanarak test etmektir. Bağımlı değişken olarak imalat sanayinin neden olduğu kişi başına karbondioksit (CO2) emisyonu, bağımsız değişken olarak kişi başına imalat sanayi GSYİH’si ve kontrol değişken olarak da kişi başına düşen imalat sanayinde tüketilen enerji miktarı kullanılmıştır. Değişkenler için kurulan kübik model ARDL sınır testi yaklaşımı ile incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın uzun dönem analiz sonuçları imalat sanayi üretimi ile kirletici emisyon miktarı arasında doğrusal bir ilişkiyi işaret etmektedir. Ancak GSYİH değişkenlerinin katsayıları istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmamıştır. İmalat sanayi enerji tüketimi ve sektörün kirletici emisyon miktarları arasında pozitif yönlü ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmıştır. Araştırma dönemine ait Türkiye imalat sanayi verileri ÇKE ters-U hipotezini desteklememektedir. İmalat sanayi üretimindeki artışın sera gazı emisyonlarına etkisi sektörün enerji talebindeki artıştan kaynaklanmaktadır. Çalışmanın sonuçları sanayi yapısını kirletici endüstrilerden temiz endüstrilere dönüştürecek sanayi politikalarına öncelik verilmesi kadar, enerji üretiminin alternatif enerji kaynakları ile ikame edilmesinin önemini göstermiştir.
SALINITY OF SOIL AND IRRIGATION WATER ON RICE PRODUCTIVITY IN THE CANTON OF SAN JACINTO DE YAGUACHI, ECUADOR
Authors: Medina Litardo Reina Concepción , García Bendezú Sady Javier , Carrillo Zenteno Manuel Danilo , Pérez-Almeida Iris Betzaida , Hasang Moran Edwin Stalin
Published: December 2022

The surface of agricultural soils affected with salinity causes degradation and reduction of crop production, negatively impacting the economy of farmers. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of water quality and soil salinity on rice production in the sub-basin of the Yaguachi River, Ecuador. For this purpose, 99 soil samples were georeferenced and analysed over an area of 19 027 ha, as well as water samples representative of the area under study. Soil pH and electrical conductivity (EC) maps were produced and a regression analysis between EC and rice yield was performed on 34 producer plots. The predominant texture of the soils was found to be clayey, with an average pH of 6.73; The 38.4 % of the samples had an EC between 3.8 and 7.1 dS m-1. Rice yield gradually decreased as it was grown in soils with higher salinity and 26.81 % of the yield loss was found to be attributed to the increase in EC. The salinity of the irrigation water and other quality indicators such as the percentage of soluble sodium (Na+) and the sodium adsorption ratio (RAS) classified the water as severely restricted for use. However, given that crop yields did not show as drastic a reduction as expected, it can be said that the rice plant responds to the conditions of the canton of San Jacinto de Yaguachi as moderately tolerant to salinity.
The Effect of Earning Asset Quality and Loan to Deposit Ratio on Non-Performing Loan of Rural Banks: Comparison between before and during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Departement Administrasi Bisnis, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia, Prihatini Apriatni Endang , Ngatno Ngatno ,   Departement Administrasi Bisnis, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia, Saryadi Saryadi ,   Departement Administrasi Bisnis, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia
Published: December 2022

This study aims to analyze the effect of Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) and Earning Asset Quality (EAQ) on Non-Performing Loan (NPL) before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The data used in this study are the quarterly reports of rural banks in Central Java from 174 banks. Data analysis was carried out by comparing multiple linear regressions before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results show that the Covid-19 pandemic can strengthen the negative relationship between LDR and NPL, as well as strengthen the positive relationship between EAQ and NPL. LDR before the Covid1-19 pandemic had an insignificant negative effect, but during the pandemic it had a negative and significant effect. Whereas EAQ had a positive effect on NPL both before and during the Covid-19 pandemic.
The Effect of Red Ginger Extract on Tnf-α and Malondialdehyde Serum Level
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhadi Setia Budi, Jl Pangeran Dipenogoro KM2, Brebes, 52212, Sari Tari Febri , Trisnadi Setyo ,   Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung, Jl Kaligawe KM 4 Semarang 50012, Isradji Isrananto ,   Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung, Jl Kaligawe KM 4 Semarang 50012
Published: December 2022

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the main pathogen causing nosocomial infections in hospitals, also can infect open wounds, combustio and necrotizing pneumonia. Several plant studies show the presence of antioxidants, one of them is red ginger. Research shows that red ginger extract contains the bioactive components gingerol and shogaol which have antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of red ginger extract on TNF-α and serum malondialdehyde levels in rats infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. This study uses an experimental research design with Post Test Only Control Group Design. The research subjects were 30 wistar rats which were randomly divided into 5 groups. K (-) group of mice without P.aeruginosa infection. K(+) group of rats infected with P. aeruginosa 108 CFU per head without red ginger extract. P1, P2 and P3 were infected with P.aeruginosa and were given red ginger extract at a dose of 20mg, 40mg and 80mg/KgBB/day for 7 days. Day 8 examination of TNF-α and MDA levels. The results of the One Way Anova test showed a significant difference in TNF- levels and MDA levels with p value = 0.000. The mean levels of TNF- in groups K(-), K(+), P1, P2, P3 were 5.76, 17.89, 12.29, 9.03, 7.07 and the mean MDA levels were 1.33, 11.10, 5.09, 3.87, 3.00. Tukey's test results showed TNF-α levels between groups had a significant difference in all groups (p=0.000) and a significant difference also in MDA levels (P=0.000). Red ginger extract had an effect on decreasing TNF-α and serum MDA levels in rats infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Profitability Analysis to Measure Financial Performance at PT Astra Agro Lestari Tbk
Authors:   Nias University Student, Management Study Program, Faculty of Economics, Nias University, Farasi Windy Maghfirah
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine the company's financial performance in terms of PT Astra Agro Lestari Tbk's financial ratios for 2017-2021. The research method and data used in this study are quantitative descriptive research using secondary data contained in the financial reports of PT Astra Agro Lestari Tbk published by the Indonesia Stock Exchange for 2017-2021. Data collection techniques were carried out using library research and documentation techniques. The results of the research on profitability ratios for five years, namely 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 and 2021 seen from the Return On Assets (ROA) of 8.48%, 5.66%, 0.90%, 3.22%, and 6 .80%. Judging from the Return On Equity (ROE) of 11.40%, 7.81%, 1.28%, 4.64% and 9.76%. While seen from the Net Profit Margin (NPM) of 12.21%, 7.97%, 1.40%, 4.75% and 8.50%. The company's financial performance in 2017- 2021 shows that the company is in a bad condition because the figures generated from ROA, ROE, and NPM tend to fluctuate with quite large differences. So it can be said that the financial performance of PT Astra Agro Lestari Tbk seen from its financial ratios is still not effective.
Analysis of the Application of the Cash Management System in the Financial Management of the Personnel and Human Resources Development Agency in Nias Regency
Authors:   Nias University students, Lombu Nenty Elvita , Harefa Yearning , Kakisina Sophia M. ,   Nias University Lecturer
Published: December 2022

The Nias Regency Personnel and Human Resources Development Agency is one of the Regional Apparatus Organizations within the Nias Regency Government which generally supports the achievement of the Vision and Mission of the Nias Regency Government and particularly in regional financial management. This study aims to explain the application of the Cash Management System or non-cash transactions in the process of monitoring financial transactions. This research is classified as a qualitative research using the SWOT analysis method with the aim of knowing the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges in the application of the Cash Management System. The results of this study indicate that the application of the Cash Management System in financial transactions can improve the integrity, accountability and transparency of financial management in order to encourage the prevention of corruption and money laundering within the Nias Regency Government and can realize the implementation of transactions in the financial management of the Personnel and Development Agency. The right number of human resources for Nias Regency is fast, safe, efficient, saves costs and accelerates services to the community
The Effect of Work Environment and Work Motivation on Performance through Job Satisfaction of State Elementary School Teachers
Authors:   Master of Education Administration, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia, Fitriani Novita , Suriansyah Ahmad , Sulaiman Sulaiman ,   3Master of Education Administration, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, Indonesia
Published: December 2022

This study aims to analyze the effect of the work environment and work motivation on performance through teacher job satisfaction. This research is a quantitative research with path analysis. The study population of elementary school teachers was 220 with a research sample of 145 people. The data was collected using instruments consisting of work environment (19 items), work motivation (44 items), job satisfaction (35 items), and performance (78 items) which have been tested for validity and reliability. The research data was analyzed using path analysis. The results of this study showed that there is an effect of the work environment on performance and work motivation on performance, job satisfaction on performance, work environment on job satisfaction, work motivation on job satisfaction, work environment on job satisfaction and performance, as well as work motivation on job satisfaction and performance.