bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STREPTOCOCCUS EQUI BACTERIOPHAGE PROTEOME ANALYSIS BY LAEMMLI
Authors: Сырым Н.С. , Еспембетов Б.А. , Сармыкова М.К. , Самбетбаев А.А. , Мастиленко А.В. , Шестаков А.Г. , Калдыркаев А.И. , Межиева З.Х. , Бабичева О.В.
Published: February 2023

В результате проведенных исследований определены 7 капсидных протеина с молекулярной массой 17, 19, 25, 26, 30, 34, 40 кДа. Бактериофаги были очищены от баластных белков, в том числе и внешней гиалуронидазы, представленной на форезе данного белка с молекулярной массой 38–40 кДа, считаем, что данный фермент связан с капсомерами и предлагаем не считать его фактором вирулентности.

As a result of the conducted studies, 7 capsid proteins with a molecular weight were identified 17, 19, 25, 26, 30, 34, 40 kDa. Bacteriophages were purified from ballast proteins, including external hyaluronidase, presented on the forez of this protein with a molecular weight of 38–40 kDa, we believe that this enzyme is associated with capsomers and suggest that it should not be considered a virulence factor.
EVALUATION OF CARDIOMETABOLIC DISORDERS IN THE WORKING POPULATION OF SOUTH YAKUTIA
Authors: Софронова С.И. , Романова А.Н. , Николаев В.М. , Олесова Л.Д. , Охлопкова Е.Д.
Published: February 2023

Проведено одномоментное исследование некоренного населения трудоспособного возраста южной Якутии. Результаты исследования показали высокую частоту встречаемости у них ожирения, патологии сердечно-сосудистой системы, липидно-метаболических нарушений. Получена взаимосвязь артериального давления с уровнями триглицеридов, глюкозы и С-реактивного белка.

A one-stage study of the non-indigenous working-age population of South Yakutia was conducted. The results of the study showed a high incidence of obesity, pathology of the cardiovascular system, lipid-metabolic disorders in them. The relationship of blood pressure with the levels of triglycerides, glucose and C-reactive protein was obtained.
REVIEW OF TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF CORONAVIRUS DISEASE IN SOLID ORGAN RECIPIENTS
Authors: Эльжуркаева Л.Р.
Published: February 2023

Терапевтическое ведение реципиентов трансплантатов паренхиматозных органов (SOT), инфицированных коронавирусом тяжелого острого респираторного синдрома 2 (SARS-CoV-2), причиной коронавирусной болезни 2019 (COVID-19), может вызвать затруднения у медицинских работников, учитывая недостаток клинических данных, специфичных для эта когорта. Здесь мы суммируем и анализируем исследования, которые сформировали основу для текущих руководящих принципов согласованного управления COVID-19. Наш обзор посвящен вариантам лечения COVID-19, включая продукты моноклональных антител, противовирусные средства, такие как ремдесивир, и иммуномодулирующие средства, такие как кортикостероиды, ингибиторы интерлейкина и ингибиторы киназы.

The therapeutic management of solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), may be challenging for healthcare professionals given the paucity of clinical data specific to this disease. cohort. Here we summarize and analyze the research that has formed the basis for the current guidelines for coherent management of COVID-19. Our review focuses on treatment options for COVID-19, including monoclonal antibody products, antiviral agents such as remdesivir, and immunomodulatory agents such as corticosteroids, interleukin inhibitors, and kinase inhibitors.
JURASSIC-CRETACEOUS CONTINENTAL PALEOBIOMES OF TRANSBAIKALIA
Authors: Синица С.М.
Published: February 2023

Обширные сообщества, содержащие специфические комплексы растений и животных, называются биомами. Геологические разрезы разновозрастных стратиграфических подразделений (серий, свит) Забайкалья в пределах выделенных структурно-фациальных зон характеризуются сложным вещественным составом отложений и разнообразными остатками ископаемых растений и беспозвоночных, которые описаны в статье как палеобиомы. По классификациям К. Вилли (1968) и Ю. Одума (1975;1986) автор выделяет наземные и пресноводные сообщества. Среди наземных рассматриваются палеобиомы прибрежных зон озер; кустарниковых хвойных; склонового хвойного леса; листопадного леса умеренной зоны на водораздельной части и др. Из пресноводных палеобиомов выделены лентические – озерные, а также прибрежный болотный чекановскиевый лес. Отмечена смена листопадных чекановскиевых лесов зон умеренного климата в ранней юре, чекановскиево – фэникопсисово- гинкговыми лесами с хвойными, редкими цикадовыми и бенеттитовыми поздней юры до гинкгово-чекановскиевых лесов с теплолюбивыми цикадовыми и беннеттитовыми в раннем мелу. Также описаны характерные озерные палеобиомы с низшими ракообразными, насекомыми, моллюсками и рыбами. Для поздней юры и раннего мела восстановлены катены – линейные сообщества растений в виде распределения их от подножья до водораздела.

Vast communities containing specific vegetation and animal complexes are called biomes. Geological sections of different-aged stratigraphic units (series, suites) of Transbaikalia within the distinguished structural-facial zones are characterized by a complex material composition of sediments and various remains of fossil plants and invertebrates, which are described in the article as paleobiomes. According to K. Willi (1968) and Y. Odum (1975; 1986) classifications the author identifies terrestrial and freshwater communities. Paleobiomes of coastal zones of lakes; shrub conifers; slope Coniferales forest; deciduous forest of the temperate zone on the watershed are described among the terrestrial ones. The lentic – lacustrine paleobiomes as well as the coastal marsh Czekanowskiales forest are distinguished from the freshwater paleobiomes. The change from deciduous Czekanowskiales forests of temperate climate zones in the Early Jurassic to Czekanowskia – Phoenicopsis – Ginkgoales forests with Coniferales, rare Cycadales and Bennettitales in the Late Jurassic and then to Ginkgoales – Czekanowskiales forests with heat-loving Cycadales and Bennettitales in the Early Cretaceous was identified. Typical lake paleobiomes with lower crustaceans, insects, mollusca and fish are also described. Catenas – linear plant communities in the form of their distribution from the foot to the watershed were reconstructed for the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous.
PERIODIC AND CHRONIC GLOBAL WARMING EMERGENCIES
Authors: Суздалева А.Л. , Сидоренко А.В.
Published: February 2023

Обосновывается необходимость нового методологического подхода к предупреждению и ликвидации последствий климатогенных чрезвычайных ситуаций.

The necessity of a new methodological approach to the prevention and elimination of the consequences of climatogenic emergencies is substantiated.
SOFTWARE FOR SIMULATION OF SEQUENTIAL ALGORITHMS FOR TIME SERIES BREAKDOWN DETECTION
Authors: Репин И.Д. , Рябов С.Н. , Филаретов Г.Ф.
Published: February 2023

Рассматривается проблема построения эффективных алгоритмов оперативного обнаружения спонтанного изменения вероятностных свойств (разладки) временных рядов. Рабочим инструментом такого построения, как правило, является метод имитационного моделирования. В работе рассмотрены требования организации имитационного эксперимента, при выполнении которых оказывается возможным получить полноценную информацию о статистических характеристиках алгоритмов обнаружения разладки, а также приводятся краткие сведения о ряде имеющихся программных средств, предназначенных для исследования наиболее распространенных разновидностей таких алгоритмов.

The problem of constructing effective algorithms for the rapid detection of spontaneous changes in the probabilistic properties (breakdown) of time series is considered. The working tool of such a construction, as a rule, is the simulation method. The paper considers the requirements for the organization of a simulation experiment, during which it is possible to obtain complete information about the statistical characteristics of the disorder detection algorithms, and also provides brief information about a number of available software products designed to study the most common varieties of such algorithms.
COMPARISON OF VARIANTS OF A MULTI-MOTOR ELECTRIC DRIVE BASED ON ASYNCHRONOUS AND SYNCHRONOUS HYSTERETIC ELECTRIC MOTORS FOR A TECHNOLOGICAL MACHINE
Authors: Останин С.Ю.
Published: February 2023

Проведён сравнительный анализ многодвигательного электропривода на базе асинхронного и синхронного гистерезисного электродвигателей для рабочих механизмов современных и новых разрабатываемых технологических машин по производству химических нитей. Показаны преимущества применения гистерезисных электродвигателей и электроприводов. Подтверждена точность математической модели, разработанной и использованной для проектирования гистерезисных электродвигателей.

A comparative analysis of a multi-motor electric drive based on asynchronous and synchronous hysteretic electric motors for the working mechanisms of modern and newly developed technological machines for the production of chemical filaments is carried out. The advantages of using hysteretic electric motors and electric drives are shown. The accuracy of the mathematical model developed and used for the design of hysteretic electric motors is confirmed.
INCREASING THE QUALITY AND SAFETY OF DAIRY RAW MATERIAL THROUGH HIGH-TECH STORAGE METHODS
Authors: Родионов Г.В. , Олесюк А.П.
Published: February 2023

Молоко-сырьё ввиду своих биологических свойств является скоропортящимся продуктом и требует специальных условий хранения и реализации, ввиду чего увеличению сроков годности необходимо уделять требуемое внимание. Одним из способов производства высококачественных стабильных в микробиологическом отношении молочных продуктов является применение высокотехнологичных методов хранения, в том числе с использованием биоразлагаемой бактерицидной плёнки.

Due to its biological properties, raw milk is a perishable product and requires special conditions for storage and sale, which is why it is necessary to pay the required attention to increasing the shelf life. One of the ways to produce high-quality, microbiologically stable dairy products is to use high-tech storage methods, including the use of biodegradable bactericidal film.
PERENCANAAN MAL PELAYANAN PUBLIK DI KABUPATEN SINTANG DENGAN PENDEKATAN ARSITEKTUR TROPIS
Authors: Andrea Wiliam , Irwin Irwin , Nurhamsyah Muhammad
Published: February 2023

Public Service Hall is a place where public service delivery activities take place in the form of goods or services and administrative services which are an extension of the function of integrated services both central and regional as well as BUMN/BUMD/private services in order to provide fast, easy, affordable, safe services and comfortable. The district capital is located in Sintang District. This regency has an area of 21,638.00 km² and a population of 421,306 people in 2021. The MPP development is expected to support government activities from an economic function, especially facilitating and accelerating every permit, especially business permits to drive the national economy. MPP development is one of the government's strategies in an effort to improve the quality of public services in a sustainable manner. MPP management is carried out in an integrated and integrated manner to provide fast, easy, affordable, safe, and convenient services for the community. The method used in this planning begins with data collection which is then analyzed to obtain a space program and design concept with the final result in the form of design visualization and design working drawings. The design is located in Sintang District, Sintang Regency, West Kalimantan. The shape of the building is adapted to the climatic conditions in the tropics which have high rainfall. In the external area there is a zone designated for circulation areas, parking for vehicles spread out in open spaces and green open spaces.
PANTI ASUHAN ANAK DI KOTA PONTIANAK DENGAN PENDEKATAN DESAIN INKLUSIF
Authors: Mardiyanto Mardiyanto , Caesariadi Tri Wibowo , Andi Uray Fery
Published: February 2023

Institutions such as orphanages are needed throughout Indonesia for the welfare and protection of children's rights. Pontianak City has the largest population in West Kalimantan Province with the welfare and protection of children's rights cannot be said to be feasible. This design uses an inclusive design approach. Inclusive design is a design approach that focuses on meeting the needs of children both socially and physically, it requires a facility and product for everyone (as users) in general, without physical limitations, age range and gender. The purpose of this design is to design an orphanage that can meet the needs of orphans and children with special needs. The design is carried out using the Design Thinking method, namely by collecting ideas from various literatures to obtain a solution. The results of this design are an orphanage that can accommodate the needs of orphanage children in the form of buildings with rooms arranged in a zoning manner, the shape of the building is made thin to maximize natural lighting and ventilation, the park as an open space for children's social activities, and self-development facilities for children in the form of recreation rooms and hydroponic gardens. The orphanage also uses room facilities with railings, guiding blocks, braille letters, efficient furniture for everyone to use, including for children with disabilities with an inclusive design approach.
Prospective consequential Life Cycle Assessment: Identifying the future marginal suppliers using Integrated Assessment Models
Authors: Maes Ben , Sacchi Romain , Steubing Bernhard , Pizzol Massimo , Audenaert Amaryllis , Craeye Bart , Buyle Matthias
Published: February 2023

While previous research has focused on developing prospective LCI databases that build upon projections from integrated assessment models (IAMs), until now only attributional databases have been developed. To construct consequential LCI databases, a novel approach is required that can be applied consistently on a large scale. To this end, the heuristic approach from Bo Weidema was selected as a basis for this study. This approach has been validated before with historical data and was adapted in this study to identify the marginal suppliers in a prospective context. The different steps within the approach were analyzed and alternative techniques for each step within the heuristic method were proposed. The techniques were tested out on the future electricity sector using projections from two IAMs (IMAGE and REMIND). Results showed how sensitive the results are to which technique is selected in each step. The most sensitive step is the selection of the time interval, with even small changes resulting in a noticeable difference. In addition the results also showed a substantial difference between the IAM projections. The relevance and goals of the alternative techniques for each step were discussed to guide users on forming the heuristic method for their study.
Interpretable Molecular Property Predictions Using Marginalized Graph Kernels
Authors: Xiang Yan , Tang Yu-Hang , Lin Guang , Reker Daniel
Published: February 2023

Marginalized graph kernels have shown competitive performance in molecular machine learning tasks but currently lack measures of interpretability, which are important to improve trust in the models, detect biases, and inform molecular optimization campaigns. We here conceive and implement two interpretability measures for Gaussian process regression using a marginalized graph kernel (GPR-MGK) to quantify (1) the contribution of specific training data to the prediction and (2) the contribution of specific nodes of the graph to the prediction. We demonstrate the applicability of these interpretability measures for molecular property prediction. We compare GPR-MGK to graph neural networks on four logic datasets and find that the atomic attribution of GPR-MGK generally outperforms the atomic attribution of graph neural networks. We also perform a detailed molecular attribution analysis using the FreeSolv dataset, showing how molecules in the training set influence machine learning predictions and why Morgan fingerprints perform poorly on this dataset. This is the first systematic examination of the interpretability of GPR-MGK and thereby an important step in the further maturation of marginalized graph kernel methods for interpretable molecular predictions.
Plasma proteome dynamics of COVID-19 severity learnt by a graph convolutional network of multi-scale topology
Authors: Gauthier Samy , Tran-Dinh Alexy , Morilla Ian
Published: February 2023

Efforts to understand the molecular mechanisms of COVID-19 have led to the identification of ACE2 as the main receptor for the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein on cell surfaces. However, there are still important questions about the role of other proteins in disease progression. To address these questions, we modelled the plasma proteome of 384 COVID-19 patients using protein level measurements taken at three different times and incorporating comprehensive clinical evaluation data collected 28 d after hospitalisation. Our analysis can accurately assess the severity of the illness using a metric based on WHO scores. By using topological vectorisation, we identified proteins that vary most in expression based on disease severity, and then utilised these findings to construct a graph convolutional network. This dynamic model allows us to learn the molecular interactions between these proteins, providing a tool to determine the severity of a COVID-19 infection at an early stage and identify potential pharmacological treatments by studying the dynamic interactions between the most relevant proteins.
Microscopic Theory of Topological Superfluidity in 2D Fermi Gases
Authors:   , Thompson Kadin
Published: February 2023

The twodimensional chiral p-wave superfluid is known to be topological, with gapless Majorana states expected to exist at its edge. The possibility to utilise such Majorana excitations as fault-tolerant quantum bits has spurred interest in robust experimental realisation of such systems. One proposed pathway is to use spin-orbit coupled and spin-imbalanced ultracold gases of fermionic atoms subject to conventional s-wave pairing, as inducing a large-enough Zeeman energy splitting between pseudo-spin-1/2 states drives the system into a topological superfluid (TSF) phase with chiral-p-wave characteristics. In this thesis, we apply and extend advanced theoretical methods to study this topological phase transition in detail. Specifically, our work elucidates what happens when the s-wave interaction strength between atoms is increased so that the system undergoes the BCS-to-BEC crossover. While previous studies have largely focused on the weakly interacting BCS regime, studying the full crossover reveals new properties of the TSF phase that may aid its experimental realisation in the future. In particular, we obtain phase diagrams in the parameter space of the s-wave interaction strength and Zeeman energy. As long as the system is in the nontopological superfluid (NSF) phase, it shows the ordinary features expected during the BCS-to-BEC crossover, such as the shrinking and disappearance of the Fermi surfaces as the s-wave interaction strength is increased. The TSF phase, however, exhibits strikingly different behavior: it retains the BCS-limit characteristics of a TSF even as the s-wave interaction strength reaches extremely large values. The phase diagrams we obtain also show that increasing the s-wave interaction strength changes the nature of the topological transition from second-order continuous to first-order. During the first-order topological transition, the system splits into coexisting regions of NSF and TSF phases. We study this phase coexistence theoretically and obtain analytical formulae that capture the behaviour of all relevant thermodynamic quantities during the first-order topological transition. In that, our work extends current fundamental knowledge about spin-imbalanced Fermi gases to situations with finite spin-orbit coupling. We also investigate the gapless edge states emerging at the system’s boundaries, as these are crucial for experiments that aim to observe topological phases and realise novel quantum-information-processing architectures. The principle of bulk-boundary correspondence guarantees that gapless Majorana excitations should be localised to the interface between coexisting NSF and TSF regions. We develop a detailed theoretical description of this novel topological interface state and compare its physical features with those exhibited by the Majorana states expected to exist at the system’s boundary with vacuum.
Modelo de Información Urbana de Barrio (MIUB) para regeneración urbana: una propuesta metodológica
Authors: Fernández-Maroto Miguel , Alonso Rodríguez Marta , Lafuente Sánchez Víctor Antonio , López Bragado Daniel , Rodrigo González Enrique
Published: February 2023

La regeneración urbana es un campo en el que los métodos basados en datos han demostrado su utilidad tanto para el análisis de necesidades como para la simulación de actuaciones. Tras sintetizar el panorama actual en España a este respecto, este artículo presenta los planteamientos metodológicos de sucesivos trabajos desarrollados en esta materia en la Comunidad Autónoma de Castilla y León, así como los fundamentos de un método denominado “Modelo de Información Urbana de Barrio” (MIUB) orientado a la evaluación previa de actuaciones de regeneración urbana, y que parte del uso de datos abiertos y de su tratamiento mediante procedimientos sencillos a través de software de uso habitual del ámbito de los Sistemas de Información Geográfica y el Building Information Modelling. Aunque estas premisas imponen las limitaciones actualmente inherentes a los métodos que renuncian a procesos complejos de tratamiento de datos y a la generación de herramientas tecnológicas o informáticas ad hoc, se constata su utilidad para caracterizar las necesidades de regeneración de los tejidos urbanos y evaluar desde una lógica comparativa posibles actuaciones de intervención en ámbitos definidos en ellos.
El Flatwriter de Yona Friedman: revisión, desarrollo y posibilidades en la Era Digital
Authors: Peña Fernández-Serrano Martino , Sánchez Pérez Ana , Ródenas López Manuel A.
Published: February 2023

Yona Friedman desarrolla una teoría arquitectónica mediante una metodología científica, en la que basará un conjunto de procedimientos, técnicas y sistemas cuyo objetivo es transformar radicalmente el papel del arquitecto y del usuario en el proceso de diseño arquitectónico. Las teorías de Friedman que se recogen en la publicación `Towards a scientific architecture´ proponen un nuevo modelo de urbanismo basado en la toma de decisiones y la autodeterminación del habitante de la ciudad que se condensan en una máquina o software, desarrollada teóricamente, que denominó Flatwriter. Con este software el usuario podría elegir su hábitat a partir de un repertorio realizado por el arquitecto o urbanista e insertarlo en la ciudad. El artículo explora la posible implementación y desarrollo en el presente de las teorías de Yona Friedman en torno a la arquitectura, mediante la comprobación y reprogramación del Flatwriter con medios actuales. Para ello se utilizan métodos de representación gráfica y programación visual como Rhinoceros y Grashopper 3D, con los que se han reprogramado las principales características del Flatwriter con la intención de comprobar si las teorías introducidas por Friedman son susceptibles de ser implementadas hoy en día; la elección de la organización espacial de la vivienda y su introducción en la trama urbana mediante un sistema preestablecido que contiene todas las posibilidades. En el presente artículo se introduce la implementación del método de Friedman mediante las herramientas que actualmente nos ofrecen el Diseño Generativo y Paramétrico.
JOSÉ CARLOS ARNAL, DANIEL SARASA - Ciudad abierta, ciudad digital. Políticas de innovación urbana
Authors: Fernández-Ges Andrés
Published: February 2023

José Carlos Arnal, Daniel SarasaCiudad abierta, ciudad digital. Políticas de innovación urbanaMadrid: Los libros de la Catarata, 2020. 250 pp. Tapa blanda. Idioma: español. 18,00 €ISBN: 978-84-1352-292-0
CARLA BRISOTTO, FABIANO LEMES DE OLIVEIRA (eds.) - Re-Imagining Resilient Productive Landscapes: Perspectives from Planning History
Authors: Monclús Fraga Javier
Published: February 2023

Carla Brisotto, Fabiano Lemes de OliveiraRe-Imagining Resilient Productive Landscapes: Perspectives from Planning HistoryCham (Switzerland): Springer, 2022. 326 pp. Tapa dura. Idioma: inglés. 116,00 €ISBN: 978-3-030-90444-9
A guide to the science of language: Ferdinand de Saussure’s central concepts in linguistics
Authors: BAKINER Ayça , ÖZDEMİR Osman
Published: February 2023

This study focuses on the central concepts put forward by Ferdinand de Saussure in the field of linguistics. In the 20th century, linguistics began to develop in various perspectives, and it would not be wrong to acknowledge that famous Swiss linguist Ferdinand de Saussure made a notable contribution to the emergence of those theories. Saussure, the central examination of the present study, scrutinizes language as a structured system of signs and introduces many ideas that have shaped the development of language studies. In this context, the paper defines and thoroughly elucidates the terms that Saussure pioneered to present his theory of language. The research includes expressions on the nature of the language, its origin, and functioning from Saussure’s linguistic point of views. Therefore, we would like to believe that this research constitutes a contribution to the elaboration of linguistic theory and Saussure’s ideas of what language really is.
In Between Classicism and Romanticism: A Study on “The Outside” of Guillermo Del Toro’s Cabinet of Curiosities
Authors: CİVELEKOGLU Funda
Published: February 2023

Created by Guillermo del Toro, Cabinet of Curiosities is an episodic horror series released during the Halloween season of 2022. The series consists of eight stories, directed by eight different directors, that can be regarded as following the gothic tradition; the image of cabinet of curiosities is utilised as an instrument of storytelling in each episode. Furthermore, ıt is also a convenient for connecting the mysterious and horrific nature of classical gothic themes with that of contemporary; each time del Toro opens up the drawer, a different story is introduced to the audience. In the series, the visual regale through the display of different monsters with various features and appearances makes the audience ponder the relationship between these avant-garde monsters and the classical monster images they are already familiar with. This article will focus on the fourth episode, American director Ana Lily Amirpour’s “The Outside” which was adapted from a webcomic entitled Out of Skin, written by Emily Carroll. “The Outside” features the story of the bank worker, Stacey who is gifted with a new revolutionary cream during the Christmas party she is invited by her colleagues. Stacey’s experience with the cream, Alo Glo appears as a representation of the attempt for transgressing the limits of classic beauty in an era where this romantic crave leads the individual to chase after the artificial and illusionary standards of beauty resulting in a communal catastrophe. In that sense, “The Outside” becomes a 21st century interpretation of a classical tragedy, which this time, demonstrates the fall of an eccentric anti-hero. Such an interpretation will pave the way for analysing the relation between Classicism and Romanticism within the frame of neogothic fiction with respect to J. J. Winckelmann’s interpretation of Classicism.
A study on the origins of territorial disputes in Northeast Asia and a nationalistic approach
Authors:   The Korean Association Of Area Studies, Lee Jin Woo
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study is to attempt a nationalist approach to the territorialdispute that is a cause of conflict among the four Northeast Asian countries (Korea,Japan, China, and Russia) despite the era of globalization. Until now, territorialdisputes have been developed in the direction of seeking solutions in the historicalcontext, political and economic factors, and international law. It is true that suchstudies helped to understand the realistic background of territorial disputes, but theyhave some limitations in understanding and resolving territorial disputes at a morefundamental level. Basically, territorial disputes are based on nationalistic aspirationsthat differ from country to country. This is the anti-colonialization process in Chinathat developed in the late 19th century, the Sino-Japanese War (1894-1895) and theRusso-Japanese War (1904-1905). had a great influence on the formation. Eachcountry does not give up its political and economic gains, engages in an arms race tooccupy an advantageous position in the conflict, and displays a dual attitude ofmaintaining cooperation and exchanges despite strategic diplomatic friction. Ultimately, it is necessary to expand the possibility of mutual understanding forconflict resolution by understanding the meaning of territorial disputes to the peopleof each country and the collective characteristics of conflict resolution through thepolitical understanding of each country in Northeast Asia.
Proposals for the efficient operation of the inter-Korean exchange and cooperation network of local governments
Authors:   The Korean Association Of Area Studies, Park Hyong Joon
Published: February 2023

Inter-Korean exchanges and cooperation have been suspended due to the prolonged economic hardship, but the present point can be used as a preparation period for the resumption of inter-Korean exchanges and cooperation by local governments. In the past, local governments sought to promote the project only when inter-Korean relations improved. Therefore, in order to achieve inter-Korean exchanges and cooperation, which are vulnerable to various external variables, within a short period of time, problems were revealed in various aspects such as poor planning and systemicity of the project, lack of competency, and lack of professional manpower. This study tried to propose an efficient operation plan through the application of the network concept, rather than the existing local government approach for inter-Korean exchange and cooperation governance. In the past, governance of inter-Korean exchanges and cooperation was not established by local governments, but since the local government-level governance called the “Inter-Korean Peace and Cooperation Local Government Council” has recently been established, it is necessary to focus on establishing efficient operation plans through networking. To this end, the current status and problems of inter-Korean exchange and cooperation networks of local governments were examined. In addition, it was proposed to set clear goals and directions for the inter-Korean exchange and cooperation network of local governments for efficient operation, to propose an operation plan, to reflect North Korean demand, and to promote a new endogenous regional development strategy in parallel.
The regional comprehensive care system in Japan A Study on the Application of Integrated Care in the Community: Focusing on the Regional Care Meeting
Authors:   The Korean Association Of Area Studies, Kim Kyoung Ran , Kim Jae-yeon
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study is to consider the applicability of Japan’s regional comprehensive care system to the operation of local care meetings within the community integrated care system promoted in Korea. To this end, we analyzed the operating case of the regional care meeting in Japan and presented the relevant implications for Korea. As a result, the significance of the research is that our country also needs to operate a regional care meeting in which multi-functional multi-agency participates in consideration of regional characteristics, as in the case of Japan, and it is necessary to establish an organic linkage and cooperation system between the multi-functional functions of the regional care meeting, to propose a way to revitalize the operation of the regional care meeting in Korea through the establishment of a system that can identify local tasks and link them to local tasks through the accumulation of individual case data.
The Degrowth Movement and the Debate on Caring Masculinities in Germany
Authors:   The Korean Association Of Area Studies, Ahn Sook-Young
Published: February 2023

Today, the ‘degrowth movement’ is actively developing in Germany. This movement aims to overcome the ‘imperial mode of living’ based on unlimited growth and to shift to the ‘solidary mode of living’ which is socially and ecologically just. In order to reach this goal, it is essential above all to consider what has driven the capitalist growth society in the direction where it is now. This involves the acknowledgement that the emergence of the capitalist growth society is closely related to a specific masculine subjectifying mode. While the ideal of an autonomous masculine subject characterized by the orientation towards growth and achievement dominates, the importance of many activities concerning those in need of care and nature is ignored or hidden from view. It is not unrelated to the fact that in Germany today, a “transnational care extractivism” is spreading as care responsibilities are increasingly taken on by migrant women rather than being distributed between men and women. While the crisis of social reproduction caused by the care deficit is leading to a new hierarchical gender relationship at the global level, not the democratization of gender relations through male participation in care, the discussion of ‘caring masculinities’ tries to explore new alternative masculinities that can overcome the existing masculine subjectifying mode by including care in the construction of masculinities. Thus, in the context of the degrowth movement, the discussion of caring masculinities could be a starting point for enabling forms of social, ecological and gender reproduction that are completely different from the imperial mode of living by placing care for humans and nature at the center.
Between economic development and sustainability: A Path-Dependent Analysis on the Urbanization Pattern of Algeria
Authors:   The Korean Association Of Area Studies, Lee Mi-ae , Kim Sung-soo
Published: February 2023

This study analyzes what choices Algeria, an emerging developing country, made between the pursuit of economic development and sustainability in the process of urbanization and where it is located. This study examines how the path-dependency of a multilayered system, such as colonial modernity, socialism, and adoption of a market economy, works in this process. To this end, the characteristics, current status, and issues of Algerian urbanization following social changes and system changes were identified, and its status was analyzed through the implementation of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as a common orientation of today’s global cities. As a result of the analysis, despite the promotion of the market economy, Algerian urbanization did not result in ‘poverty’ as it was based on the long-term balanced development policy in accordance with the principle of elimination of discrimination and national solidarity by strong decolonist socialism. On the other hand, it was found that infrastructure and housing supply fell short of the speed of urban overcrowding by not growing rapidly like cities in developmentalist countries in the past. This is embodied as an unusual pattern of implementation of SDGs in which ‘low inequality’ and ‘low urban sustainability’ coexist, which means that the balanced development policy has properly controlled the evils of modern capitalist urbanization centered on economic growth.
Emerging Security Threats and Korean Military: Major Issues and Countermeasures
Authors:   The Korean Association Of Area Studies, Cho Han-seung
Published: February 2023

Since the end of the Cold War, the concept of security has evolved to encompass human and social communities. In today’s complex networks era, emerging security threats such as cyber attacks, infectious diseases, climate change, and refugees are becoming one of major topics of security research. The military has dealt with these issues with the concept of non-traditional security so far, but it is necessary to more actively develop response capabilities and systems, with the concept of emerging security. Recently, military forces of European countries and the U.S. have developed their capabilities to deal with emerging security threats. The Korean military also made good progress in supporting the prevention COVID-19 and rescuing refugees from Afghanistan. However, there are still cases in which responding to emerging security threats is misunderstood as public support activities unrelated to security. In order to enhance the ability to respond to emerging security threats, the military should consider a meta-governance approach that comprehensively views various issue areas. The military should develop logical and legal causes for military’s role in responding to emerging security threats and consider not only crisis management but also preparation for future “X-events.” It is also necessary to develop a comprehensive civil-military coordination mechanism and expand international cooperation through military diplomacy.
Metaverse: Exploring new areas for inter-Korean communication
Authors:   The Korean Association Of Area Studies, Yoon Junghyun , Oh Il-Seok
Published: February 2023

Today, the concept of ‘Metaverse’ is emerging as a ‘virtual coexistence world’. The metaverse is receiving social attention as an alternative space to the real world and is being widely applied in everyday life. However, unlike in the economic and social fields, policies that utilize the potential of the digital virtual world realized by Metaverse in diplomatic terms are still limited. As an alternative to overcome the limitations of traditional diplomatic methods, we need to review the metaverse so that it can be used more actively. In other words, it is necessary to discuss the potential and scope of use of metaverse-based diplomacy as an approach that overcomes the limitations of limited reality and discovers new areas of possibility, not simply as an auxiliary means of traditional diplomacy. In particular, it is good to actively seek the possibility of application in issues with high geopolitical uncertainty and wide-ranging international sanctions, such as the issue of inter-Korean cooperation. The metaverse world provides a clue to overcome some of these realistic limitations. This is because, in the metaverse space, where non-face-to-face and two-way communication is possible, the burden of complex pre-requisites for direct exchange can be reduced, and topics for culture, knowledge, and friendship can be made widely through various actors not only in the government but also in the private sector. Exploring the inter-Korean non-face-to-face exchange space can be said to be a practical task for realizing metaverse diplomacy from our point of view.
Assessing UN Security Council Resolutions on Women, Peace and Security and South Korea’s National Action Plan
Authors:   The Korean Association Of Area Studies, Lee Hae Won
Published: February 2023

In 2000, the UN Security Council unanimously adopted resolution 1325 on women, peace and security. Since then, there have been nine subsequent resolutions. Because this new approach to international security at the UN has both theoretical and practical implications, it is important to fully understand the agenda and be able to see where the international society is heading on the issue. Ultimately, how we understand the resolutions makes difference in our implementation of the resolutions. In that regard, this paper closely examines the ten resolutions on the WPS agenda and discusses the achievements and limitations. Then it assesses South Korea’s latest national action plan (NAP) to see whether the major limitations of the current WPS agenda are applicable in the South Korean case. The analysis finds that South Korea’s NAP seems to be taking the human rights approach to security and recognizing the importance of achieving gender equality. Due to the security environment surrounding the Korean peninsula, South Korea is yet far from pursuing disarmament. The strength of South Korea’s NAP lies in the localization of the WPS agenda. The plan presents the country-specific issues that needs improvement.
A Study on the Developmental states in Africa
Authors:   The Korean Association Of Area Studies, Kwon Youngseung
Published: February 2023

This study analyzed the similarities and differences between countries achieving high economic growth in Africa and the East Asian model, and examined the implications of developmental states in Africa through comparison. Today, African states share many similarities with the developmental states of East Asia in the past, and express their willingness to follow the development experience of East Asia. However, in the past, developmental states in East Asia did not follow the Western and Japanese models as they were, but made successful developments by applying them according to the characteristics of each country. Developmentalism contributed to growth in East Asia, but inequality between classes remains a serious problem to this day. Considering the diverse ethnic composition and long colonial experiences of African states, the follow-up of the East Asian model is likely to lead to other problems, such as increased corruption. African states need to consider the limitations and side effects that have emerged in East Asian states through flexible “application” rather than “reconstruction” existing models.
Who Has Received Aid for Climate Change Adaptation?
Authors:   The Korean Association Of Area Studies, Kim Haneul , Kim Youngwan
Published: February 2023

Notwithstanding past uncertainty surrounding its existence, it is evident that climate change is a current reality that is evolving into a crisis. The international society has attempted to address this issue by providing official development assistance to conduct climate change-related development projects. Focusing on aid for climate change adaptation, we attempt to understand which countries have received more aid in this regard. This paper hypothesizes that environmental factors like water scarcity and the small size of forests, and anthropogenic factors like the level of urbanization and CO2 emission, could influence the amount of aid for climate change adaptation received by developing countries. With the empirical analysis derived from the panel data of developing countries for the period 2009-2018, the results show that countries with less water and higher levels of urbanization have received higher amounts of aid for climate change adaptation. This study can contribute to understanding the efforts of the international society in fighting against climate change.
Assessment and Management of Difficult Airway Post Mandibulectomy: A Narrative Review
Authors: Patel Swati , Reddy Ashwini , Kumar Barik Amiya , Lal Soni Shiv , Kaloria Narender
Published: February 2023

Mandibulectomy most commonly performed as surgical management of oropharyngeal carcinoma leads to a wide array of anatomical and physiological changes which result in an anticipated difficult airway. There may be posterosuperior displacement of hyoid bone and tongue leading to reduction of retropalatal space along with loss of structural support to the tongue predisposing it to prolapse and development of obstructive sleep apnoea. Bulky flap reconstruction, limited mouth opening, and radiotherapy limiting neck mobility further compound the difficulty in airway management. This leads to a wide spectrum of issues ranging from difficulty in face mask ventilation to laryngoscopy and intubation. It is essential to individualize each case with a preformulated strategy outlining the primary and alternative approaches. A literature search was carried out using search engines like PubMed, Embase, Medline, and Google scholar using the terms “Difficult airway”, “Post-mandibulectomy”, “Difficult laryngoscopy, and Intubation”. The available literature was thoroughly reviewed by the authors before the final drafting of this article. A multidisciplinary team approach, thorough assessment, meticulous preparation, and critical decision-making are essential for successfully managing a difficult airway post-mandibulectomy.
INDICATIONS AND OUTCOMES OF BREAST CANCER PATIENTS UNDERGOING NSM: YOUNG VERSUS ELDERLY WOMEN
Authors: Frasson Antônio Luiz , Miranda Isabela , Vollbrecht Betina , Barbosa Fernanda , Lichtenfels Martina
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Young age at breast cancer diagnosis is associated with tumor aggressiveness and treatment efficacy. Previous studies showed more aggressive clinicopathological characteristics and worse prognosis in young patients who underwent breast-conserving surgery or mastectomy compared with elderly patients. Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare indications and outcomes of young (60 years) breast cancer patients undergoing nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM). Methods: Between January 2004 and December 2018, we evaluated 85 young and 33 elderly patients who underwent NSM for breast cancer treatment. All patients were operated by the same surgeon, the data were retrospectively evaluated by the medical chart and the patients’ follow-ups were updated during the appointments. Results: The indications for NSM were for ipsilateral breast cancer recurrence in 3.5%×25%, compromised margin after previous surgery in 4.7%×5%, and for early breast cancer in 91.8% and 52.5% of young and elderly patients, respectively. Young patients presented a stronger family history of breast cancer (p=0.003) and diagnosis of BRCA mutation (p=0.0001), underwent more bilateral NSM (p=0.008) and axillary surgery (p=0.0002) and received more frequent chemotherapy (p=0.05) and radiotherapy (p=0.005) than elderly patients. Elderly patients underwent more NSM for ipsilateral breast cancer recurrence (p=0.0001), presented more ILC tumors (p=0.006), and performed more hormone therapy (p=0.03) compared to young patients. The mean follow-up was 45 months for all patients. The overall recurrence rate was higher in young than in elderly patients (p=0.04); however when separated by local, locoregional, contralateral, and distant metastasis, no statistical difference was observed between the groups. Six (7%) young patients presented local relapse, four (5.6%) invasive, and two (14.3%) in situ tumors, suggesting that in situ tumors have a greater chance of relapse in young patients. No difference in overall survival was observed between young and elderly patients. Conclusion: In the mean follow-up of 45 months, we highlighted clinicopathological and treatment differences between young and elderly breast cancer patients undergoing NSM. No difference was observed in local, locoregional, distant recurrence, and overall survival between young and elderly patients; however, further studies with longer follow-up are needed to clarify these results.