bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Accumulated soil seed bank of the invasive sand dropseed ( Sporobolus cryptandrus ) poses a challenge for its suppression.
Authors: Török Peter , AMI Francis David ESPINOZA , Toth K. , CANDO Patrícia DÍAZ , SUNTAXI Luis Roberto GUALLICHICO , Andrea MCINTOSH-BUDAY , HÁBENCZYUS Alida Anna , Viktória TÖRŐ-SZIJGYÁRTÓ , Gergely KOVACSICS-VÁRI , Tölgyesi Csaba , Tóthmérész Béla , Sonkoly Judit
Published: July 2023

Global warming, elevated atmospheric CO
concentrations, and increased likeliness of extreme drought and
wildfires in many regions will likely favour C4 grass species. We
explored the effect of the encroachment of an invasive perennial C4
grass, Sporobolus cryptandrus on the composition of soil seed
banks in dry sand grasslands in Central Europe. In five mass-locality
sites of the species we assessed the composition and vertical
segmentation of the soil seed bank in twelve 1-m
plots along an increasing cover of the invasive species. We found that
the seed bank diversity and density decrease with the increasing
sampling depth; the decrease of density is affected by the increasing
Sporobolus cover. Neither the diversity nor the seed bank density
of other species were affected by increasing Sporobolus cover
but, affected by the sampling site. Most of the studied seed bank
characteristics were affected by the sampling depth, but none of them
were affected by the increasing cover of Sporobolus. Increasing
cover of Sporobolus in the vegetation was associated with an
increasing proportion of Sporobolus seeds in the seed bank, and
we found viable seeds of the species in the soil even in plots with no
Sporobolus cover. Given that a decrease in the precipitation of
the summer months and an increase in the frequency of droughts is
projected in this region, we expect that the accumulated massive seed
bank of Sporobolus will facilitate the further rapid spread of
the species.
COMPARATIVE APPROACH FOR ASSESSING THE SOIL QUALITY IN AN URBAN CONSERVATION UNIT
Authors: Oliveira Elton de , Berna Gustavo da Silva Demamam , Pereira Carlos Rodrigues , Hüther Cristina Moll
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to verify the quality of the soil according to
different stages of regeneration. Urban conservation units can be of
great importance in land management and in the sustainable development
process of cities. Monitoring soil quality in these spaces can help
define strategies in the forest recovery process. A management
performance evaluation method and consequent soil quality was applied,
using data envelopment analysis (DEA). Soil was collected in the three
stages of forest regeneration observed: land with established forests,
reforested land, and open land, at three different depths (0-10; 20-30
and 40-50 cm). In the set of 54 analyzed observations, soils with low
levels of fertility were verified. The area with reforested land showed
the best performance in maximizing the selected variables and
consequently better soil quality scores. The open lands showed the
lowest performance in soil conservation. This quality score can help
define soil management strategies.
A novel hepatitis C virus genotype 4 subtype identified by next generation sequencing full-genome characterization in a patient from Saudi Arabia
Authors: stefano mariantonietta di , Mona Ismail , Leitner Thomas , Giuseppina Faleo , Jabr Alwazzeh Marwan , Mbisa Tamyo , fiore jose , Santantonio Teresa
Published: July 2023

HCV infection is a major global public health concern, being the main
cause of chronic liver disease: cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis and
hepatocellular carcinoma. HCV strains are classified into 8 genotypes
and 93 subtypes with different geographic distribution. Genotype 4 is
the most predominant in the Middle East and Eastern Mediterranean where
has been reported the highest rates of hepatitis C infection worldwide.
An isolate of this study has been unclassified by amplifying and
sequencing of three genes. It was identified from a plasma sample of a
64-year-old Saudi man diagnosed with hepatitis C. The objective of the
study was to identify a new subtype of genotype 4 of the hepatitis C
virus through next-generation sequencing of full genome
characterization. The full genome of the HCV isolate (141) was analysed
using whole genome sequencing. Phylogenetic reconstructions based on the
entire genome of HCV-4 strains showed that the 141-HCV isolate was a
separate group within HCV-4, adding this new information on HCV
variability.
Drop it all: Extraction-free detection of non-indigenous marine species through optimized direct-droplet digital PCR
Authors: Scriver Michelle , Ammon Ulla von , Youngbull Cody , Pochon Xavier , Stanton Jo-Ann , Gemmell Neil , Zaiko Anastasija
Published: July 2023

Molecular biosecurity surveillance programs increasingly use
environmental DNA (eDNA) for detecting marine non-indigenous species
(NIS). However, the current molecular detection workflow is cumbersome,
prone to errors and delays, and is limited in providing knowledge about
eDNA beyond the spatial and temporal extent of the sampling. These
limitations can hinder management efforts and restrict the “opportunity
window” for a rapid response to new marine NIS incursions. Emerging
innovative field-deployable digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) systems offer
improved workflow efficiency by autonomously analyzing targeted
free-floating extra-cellular eDNA (free-eDNA) signals. Despite their
potential, these systems have not been tested in marine environments.
Thus, an aquarium study was conducted with three distinct marine NIS:
the Mediterranean fanworm Sabella spallanzanii, the ascidian clubbed
tunicate Styela clava, and the brown bryozoan Bugula neritina to
evaluate the detectability of free-eDNA in seawater. The detectability
of targeted free-eDNA was assessed by directly analyzing aquarium water
samples using an optimized species-specific ddPCR assay, without
filtration or DNA extraction, so-called, “direct-ddPCR”. The results
demonstrated the consistent detection of Sabella spallanzanii and Bugula
neritina free-eDNA when these organisms were present in high abundance.
Once organisms were removed, the free-eDNA signal exponentially
declined, noting that free-eDNA persisted between 24-72 hours. Results
indicate that organism biomass, specimen characteristics (e.g., stress
and viability), and species-specific biological differences may
influence free-eDNA detectability. These results are critical for
implementing in-situ nucleic acid automated continuous sensing systems
for marine biosurveillance, enabling point-of-need detection and rapid
management response to biosecurity threats.
A literature review of incoherence and inconsistencies in use of data in maintenance operations of the critical equipment in the weaving section of the textile manufacturing processes
Authors: Kipchumba Bett
Published: July 2023

This research paper presents a comprehensive literature review of the
incoherence and inconsistencies in the use of data in maintenance
operations of critical equipment in the weaving section of textile
manufacturing processes. The paper begins with an introduction that
highlights the shift in maintenance strategies from cost-focused
approaches to reliability, downtime, safety, and machine availability.
The optimization of maintenance schedules and minimization of downtime
have become crucial challenges for industries. Proactive strategies such
as predictive and preventive maintenance have played a significant role
in maximizing machine availability. The outline of the paper includes a
discussion of common maintenance issues in textile manufacturing
processes, with a specific focus on weaving machines. Various
maintenance strategies, including preventive maintenance, predictive
maintenance, run-to-failure maintenance, and condition-based
maintenance, are explored. The importance of obtaining accurate data for
maintenance planning is emphasized, including failure data. The methods
reviewed include failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA), fishbone
diagram, and reliability and response modeling techniques such as mean
time between failures (MTBF), regression analysis, the Weibull
distribution, and failure rate vs. time plots. Furthermore, the paper
delves into the implementation and validation of an optimized
maintenance strategy. The process of implementing maintenance
optimization and ensuring the effectiveness of the chosen strategy are
discussed in detail. Finally, the research identifies gaps in existing
literature and points to areas that require further investigation to
enhance maintenance operations in the weaving section of textile
manufacturing processes.
Building capacity for equitable healthcare workforce policy, learning from migrant healthcare workers: a qualitative study with Romania physicians working in Germany during COVID-19
Authors: Kuhlmann Ellen , Ungureanu Marius-Ionuț , Thilo Nancy , Fehr Leonie Mac , Cosma Nicoleta-Carmen , Brînzac Monica Georgina , Jablonka Alexandra
Published: July 2023

Background. Attention to the healthcare workforce has
increased, yet comprehensive information on migrant healthcare workers
is missing. This study focuses on migrant healthcare workers’
experiences and mobility patterns in the middle of a global health
crisis, aiming to explore the capacity for circular migration and
support effective and equitable healthcare workforce policy.
Material and methods. Romanian physicians working in Germany
during the COVID-19 pandemic served as an empirical case study. We
applied a qualitative explorative approach; interviews (n=21) were
collected from mid of September to early November 2022 and content
analysis was performed. Results and discussion. Migrant
physicians showed strong resilience during the COVID-19 crisis and
rarely complained. Commitment to high professional standards and career
development were major pull factors towards Germany, while perceptions
of limited career choices, nepotism and corruption in Romania caused
strong push mechanisms. We identified two major mobility patterns that
may support circular migration policies: well-integrated physicians with
a wish to give something back to their home country, and mobile
cosmopolitan physicians who flexibly balance career opportunities and
personal/family interests. Health policy must establish systematic
monitoring of the migrant healthcare workforce including actor-centred
approaches, support integration in destination countries as well as
health system development in sending countries, and invest in
evidence-based circular migration policy.
The N-terminal intrinsically disordered region of Ncb5or docks with the cytochrome b5 core to form a helical motif that is of ancient origin
Authors: Zhu Hao , Benson David , Deng Bin , Kashipathy Maithri M. , Lovell Scott , Battaile Kevin P. , Cooper Anne , Gao Philip , Fenton Aron W.
Published: July 2023

Ncb5or (NADH cytochrome b5 oxidoreductase) is a cytosolic ferric
reductase implicated in diabetes and neurological conditions. Ncb5or
comprises cytochrome b5 (b5) and cytochrome b5 reductase (b5R) domains
separated by a CHORD-Sgt1 (CS) linker domain. Ncb5or redox activity
depends on proper interdomain interactions to mediate electron transfer
from NADH or NADPH via FAD to heme. While full-length human Ncb5or has
proven resistant to crystallization, we have succeeded in obtaining
high-resolution atomic structures of the b5 domain and a construct
containing the CS and b5R domains (CS/b5R). Ncb5or also contains an
N-terminal intrinsically disordered region of 50 residues with a
distinctive, conserved L MDWIRL
motif that has no homologs in animals but is present in root lateral
formation protein (RLF) in rice and Increased Recombination Center 21
(IRC21) in baker’s yeast, and in these proteins, it is likewise attached
to a b5 domain. After unsuccessful attempts at crystallizing a human
Ncb5or construct comprising the N-terminal region naturally fused to the
b5 domain, we were able to obtain a high-resolution atomic structure of
a recombinant rice RLF construct corresponding to residues 25-129 of
human Ncb5or (52% sequence identity; 74% similarity). The structure
reveals Trp120 (corresponding to invariant Trp37 in Ncb5or) to be part
of an 11-residue α-helix (S QMDWLKLTRT
) packing against two of the four helices in the b5
domain that surround heme (α2 and α5). The Trp120 side chain forms a
network of interactions with the side chains of four highly conserved
residues corresponding to Tyr85 and Tyr88 (α2), Cys124 (α5), and Leu47
in Ncb5or. Circular dichroism (CD) measurements of human Ncb5or
fragments further support a key role of Trp37 in nucleating the
formation of the N-terminal helix, whose location in the N/b5 module
suggests a role in regulating the function of this multidomain redox
enzyme. This study revealed for the first time an ancient origin of a
helical motif in the N/b5 module as reflected by its existence in a
class of cytochrome b5 proteins from three kingdoms among eukaryotes.
Temporal trends of cancer incidence rates for the most frequent cancer sites in Cyprus during 2004-2017
Authors: Spartiati Anastasia , Demetriou Anna , Scoutellas Vasos , Christophi Costas , Makris Konstantinos C. C.
Published: July 2023

Cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality,
worldwide. Little information is available for the temporal trends of
cancer in the Mediterranean region, including Cyprus. We aimed to
analyze cancer incidence trends overall and by sex for the period
2004-2017 regarding the five most common cancer sites for the population
of Cyprus. Data were obtained from the nationwide cancer registry
dataset that included 27,017 total cancer cases in Cyprus (2004-2017).
We estimated the crude, sex-, and age-specific, as well as
age-standardized (ASR) cancer incidence rates and we analyzed the time
trends of ASR using the joinpoint regression program. For the general
population (0-85+ years of age), the most common cancer sites in
descending order, were breast, prostate, lung, colorectal, and thyroid
cancer. During the study period, breast and thyroid cancer ASR presented
a significantly increasing temporal trend. Lung cancer ASRs seemed to
stabilize (no increase or decrease) during the more recent years (2009
onwards) for both sexes; a similar pattern was observed for colorectal
cancer in males. The ASRs of prostate cancer in men were in steady
decline from 2012 onwards and the same was observed for the female ASRs
of colorectal cancer from 2007 onwards. The colorectal cancer ASR
temporal patterns overall, during the whole study period appeared
unchanged. This temporal analysis would feed into cancer surveillance
and control programs that focus on prevention, early detection, and
treatment, particularly for cancer sites of higher mortality rates or
those with temporally increasing trends.
IKKɑ prevents acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery via promoting efferocytosis and inhibiting pyrocytosis
Authors: Huang Wenjuan , Zhang Hao , Chen Ganyi , Zhang Feng , Wang Lei , Ma Mengqing , Duan Ying , Chen Wen , Wan Xin , Cao Changchun
Published: July 2023

Macrophage-dependent microenvironmental changes orchestrate many
features of the immune response during inflammation from cardiac
surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI). IκB kinase α (also
known as IKKα) is a key transcriptional regulator of the macrophages.,
but its role in the pathogenesis of CSA-AKI remains unknown. In our
clinical correlation research, cardiac surgery triggered an increased
IKKɑ concentrations in serum and peripheral blood macrophages, and
patients with high IKKɑ after cardiac surgery had a significantly
reduced risk of developing AKI. CSA-AKI was induced by bilaterally
clamping renal pedicles for 35 min in wild-type (WT) and
myeloid-specific IKKɑ conditional knockout (MθIKKα-/-) mice. Compared to
WT mice, MθIKKα-/- mice demonstrated decreased renal function,
upregulated early AKI biomarkers such as NAGL, increased the expression
of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-ɑ, IL-18 and IL-6, as well as more
macrophage infiltration were noted. In addition, these MθIKKα-/- mice
exhibited an increase in the regulated cell death (necroptosis and
pyrocytosis) and a decrease in efferocytosis. We further demonstrated
that myeloid IKKɑ could negatively regulate ASC to inhibit NLRP3
inflammasome activation and enhance macrophage efferocytosis.Adoptive
transfer of containing IKKɑ macrophages could reverse CSA-AKI.
Collectively, our findings demonstrated for the first time that IKKɑ
could improve the outcome of CSA-AKI by promoting efferocytosis and.
inhibiting pyrocytosis.
Innovative multi-objective optimization of a curved-blade vertical axis wind turbine modeled by modified double multiple streamtube method
Authors: Hosseinkhani Abolfazl , Sanaye Sepehr
Published: July 2023

An attractive specification of vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) is its
operating with wind at various directions. In order to achieve higher
performance of these turbines, modeling of a curved-blade VAWT by the
modified double multiple streamtube (DMST) method and optimizing this
wind turbine are performed. Power coefficient and total normal force
were selected as two objective functions. Then, a 3m height curved-blade
VAWT type is optimized by Genetic Algorithm multi-objective
optimization. Minimizing the normal force acting on turbine blades as
the second objective function was not observed in open literatures. The
amount of normal force is crucial in structural design of VAWT because
it generates both the bending moment on blades and forces on supporting
arms of VAWT. Another innovation of this study is to consider the shape
coefficient parameter that determines the shape of the rotor geometry as
a design variable in optimization procedure. Optimum values of design
variables for the wind turbine were: selecting an elliptical rotor
geometry, pitch angle -1.4º, diameter/height 1.3, blade aspect ratio
19.8 and tip speed ratio 4.3 and selecting three blades which could
provide power coefficient of 0.49 and normal force of 158.7 N.
Modeling of electrical conductivity of graphene-based polymer nanocomposites: calculation from the first principles
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Tovstyuk Сornelija
Published: July 2023

The use of nanocomposite materials has led to progress in the creation of new electronic devices (minitransistors, sensors, micro-drives, which are used to build artificial muscles, and supercapacitors. Nanocomposites occupy a special place with magnetosensitive fillers, particularly successfully used in medicine. Nanocomposites are also used for a protective coating. Depending on the operational functions, achieving a specific conductivity value and its change with temperature is necessary for such a coating. In the work, a conductivity model of polymer nanocomposites based on graphene (Gr/PS) was obtained using experimental data. The largest relative deviation between the conductivity surface and experimental data does not exceed 9.5%. The expression was obtained for the graphene concentration 1 < C(Gr) < 30 wt % and the temperature range 20 < T < 100 °C. The dependence of the specific electrical conductivity on the filler concentration and temperature obtained in the work will allow the researchers to select a nanocomposite with the required conductivity and evaluate the temperature effects on it for the conditions to which the material will be exposed.
Architectura Transtopica: Totems of a Journeyman
Authors: Papavasileiou Ioannis Galanopoulos
Published: July 2023

The project Architectura Transtopica: Totems of a Journeyman argues in favour of using and interpreting fixed architectural structures as metaphors and symbols of expatriation. The primary inquiry of this paper is to consider how autobiographic re-enactments of lived experiences with architecture, triggered by non-country specific places, illustrate one’s life journey. Building on studies that are at the intersection of social and cultural studies, humanistic geography, evolutionary ecology, anthropology, art and architecture (Alahdadi, 2018; Avci et al., 2017; Kunz, 2016; Martin et al., 2015; Cotton, 2015; Mathur, 2011; Cresswell, 2006; Relph, 1977), I argue here that producing creative parallels of expatriation and the self in transience through fixed structures involves a concrete representational framework. In what follows, I offer insights on the conceptual fabrication, representational framework, and expanded photographic practices I followed for the completion of Architectura Transtopica. Drawing from practice and theory concepts synthetically, I present visual examples, complimented with an analysis on how fixed architectural structures can become emblematic in order to communicate the intricacies of expatriation and selfhood facing the self in transience.
Evaluation of Time, Cost, and Factors Causing Delay of Grounding and Lightning Protection Installation Project
Authors: Setiawati Neng Anita , Nugroho Rosalendro Eddy
Published: July 2023

The problem faced by one of the private construction companies in Jakarta, Indonesia is the delay in completing the grounding and lightning protection installation project. This delay resulted in both material and immaterial losses for the company. Factors that are thought to cause delays in this grounding and lightning protection installation project include man, machine, material, and environment factors. The method used in this research is the Critical Path Method (CPM) and Crashing method to accelerate the project duration and determine the effective time and cost that can be used to complete the grounding and lightning protection installation project and the root cause analysis method with fishbone diagrams and 5 why analysis as tools to find out the root causes of problems and formulate corrective actions that may be taken by the company. The most effective and efficient acceleration alternative in terms of time and cost that can be applied by the company is the alternative of additional labour. The additional labour alternative is able to reduce the duration of work with the smallest additional cost compared to other alternatives. Meanwhile, the factors that cause delays in project work can be seen from the root causes of each factor. The root cause of each factor is then used as the basis for formulating corrective actions that can be taken by the company.
Investigating How Budget Plan Contributes to Successful Implementation of Level Two Healthcare Infrastructure Projects in Kiminini Sub-County, Trans Nzoia County, Kenya
Authors: Barasa Oroni Vitalis , Ngacha Njeri. S. , Wabwire Evans Odhiambo
Published: July 2023

Healthcare is a critical pillar of long-term development. It is therefore up to nations and governments to ensure their healthcare systems are up to date to meet the growing needs of their populations. Developing healthcare infrastructure is critical to achieving this goal. The overall goal of this research was to investigate the influence of project planning on successful implementation of functional level two hospital infrastructure projects in Kiminini Sub-County. The specific objective was to investigate how cost and budget plan influences successful implementation of projects in Kiminini sub- County, Trans Nzoia County, Kenya. Kenya Health Policy 2014-2030 was the intervening variable. Explanatory research design that utilizes both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods was used. The target population included the County departments of health, public works, and finance, heads and staff of the sampled facilities, political and community representatives and contractors. Sample size was 100 respondents. Questionnaires and interview guides were used to collect primary data. Quantitative data was analysed using SPSS version 25. Qualitative data was analysed using content analysis method and presented in narrative form. According to study findings, while some projects were completed within budget, others failed to meet their objectives. Budget estimates and funding were planned though not all were implemented as planned due to delayed disbursement of funds and delay in approving the budgetary allocation for projects due to political differences. The study recommended better collaboration between County and National governments and County assembly, and political good will. The study concluded that planning, and cost and budget plan are crucial in implementation of successful projects. The study aimed at adding value to existing knowledge in the field of study and aiding in implementing successful healthcare infrastructure projects as envisioned in Kenya Vision 2030, and Kenya Health Policy 2014-2030.
Self-(Re)Presentations in the EFL Classroom
Authors: Ypsilanti Angeliki , Karras Ioannis
Published: July 2023

To self-present in the EFL classroom is a key productive skill for an EFL learner whether beginner or advanced. To self-represent is an empowerment option for the student who would rather ward off arbitrary identity attribution judgements. Given the critical role played by the EFL classroom as host to a complicated network of cultural backgrounds, identity acknowledgment does not have to be solely commensurate with curriculum-related obligation disclosures in an ELT context. The following ethnography in TEFL was conducted at a Greek High School in a town of a border island with the object of observing how languaculture interferes with peer interaction. The EFL teacher-inquirer via walk-through observation monitored how students negotiated their linguistic profile in conformance with Trompenaars’ five-dimension cultural framework. The outcomes show that interactants created what they perceived as a “third space” where a choir of voices laid the foundations for the rapprochement of different cultures.
Leave the Hedgehog Alone! The Problem of Privacy in Paul Muldoon's Hedgehog
Authors:   College of Arts, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq., Mgallad Ali
Published: July 2023

Paul Muldoon is an outstanding Irish poet. One of his poetry's characteristics can be coined as the 'intricate spontaneity,' which does the most that it does, inspires. This paper deals with the problem of privacy in his poem the Hedgehog. Privacy is an essential right that everyone must have. Its importance is huge as it relates to such areas as identity, sovereignty... etc. The paper is an attempt to follow the brush touches by which the poet draws the object of his painting, the hedgehog. It aims at observing the animal closely both externally as well as internally. In respect to the external part, the symbolism the poet makes use of through this object of painting is impressive and urges upon examining. As for the internal part, the poem is to be mystically considered for a better understanding of its purport concerning the concept of privacy. The paper setting benefits of Imagism tools to assess the poem properly.
The Journey to Salvation in Jamaica Kincaid's The Autobiography of My Mother
Authors:   Department of English Language, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Othman Amna
Published: July 2023

The current research paper discusses the hardships women are enduring to maintain a powerful character that could resist the oppressive forces. Two segments are going to be examined throughout this study: the price children have to pay when parents are unfitted to their roles and the invasion of a homeland. The infestation of a native land and the people's subsequent loss of identity are comparable to the absence of a true mother. In this novel, The Autobiography of My Mother, the protagonist explores her journey from the abused childhood to the independent adulthood. The novelist, Jamaica Kincaid, highlighted the autobiographical influences on the main character, Xeula, besides the impact of the colonization of her home country.
Phonological Processes as Distortional Devices in Language Games
Authors:   Department of English, College of Education for Humanities, University of Mosul, Iraq, Abbas Abdullah , Saeed Anmar ,   Department of English, College of Arts, University of Mosul, Iraq
Published: July 2023

Language games are forms of language that systematically manipulate normal spoken words in order to make them illegible by others. These languages highlight a good number of phonological processes employed by speakers of language games to distort source words. Among these processes are epenthesis, gemination, consonant insertion, and metathesis. The current study proceeds to verify the hypotheses that these processes are already present in normal language and that these processes take place in a systematic manner yielding uniform patterns. The collected data and the literature include a wide range of database out of which instances of distortional pieces of speech can be drawn and described. The conclusion reached out in this study is that these processes provide some insight into the structure of the source languages or dialects on which the language games are based.
A Stylistic Analysis of Transitivity Processes in Emma Lazarus’ “The New Colossus” and Robert Creeley’s “America”
Authors:   Department of English, Al-Iraqia University, Baghdad, Iraq, Mohammed Mushtaq , Ismael Ismael ,   Department of English, Al-Iraqia University, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: July 2023

By probing the language of a literary text one can have a profound understanding of that text and thus a real appreciation of the writer’s artistic achievement. Ac-cordingly, this paper tackles the relationship between linguistic structures and socially constructed meaning in two American poems: “The New Colossus” (1883) by Emma Lazarus and “America” (1968) by Robert Creeley. They were known for glorifying and condemn-ing America’s liberty and greatness respectively. Em-ploying Halliday’s transitivity which is rooted in Sys-temic Functional Linguistics, the paper attempts to re-veal the poets’ aims by employing specific verbs. This paper also scrutinizes Halliday’s transitivity, which includes processes such as material, mental, verbal, existential, relational, and behavioral, to show its func-tions in the overall meanings of the two poems.
The Analysis of the Talented Mr. Ripley Novel
Authors:   Department of English Language, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Mohammed Pola
Published: July 2023

The Talented Mr. Ripley is a psychological thriller novel that delves into the complexity of human identity, socioeconomic class, and the American Dream through themes such as deception, envy, and the pursuit of self-fulfillment. Written by Patricia Highsmith and released in 1955, the novel has received widespread recognition for its nuanced characterization of the protagonist, Tom Ripley, who expertly embodies the psychological and moral complications of these themes. The novel addresses essential themes concerning the nature of human identity and how social rank, class, and the American Dream impact our goals, ideals, and our actions through critical reading and analysis of the text. This novel is not just a page-turner but also a literary work that offers a comprehensive review of human psychology, morals, and the society in which we live
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN SISWA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL SIFAT OPERASI HITUNG BILANGAN BULAT DENGAN MENERAPKAN MODEL TGT DI KELAS V SD NEGERI 090 PANYABUNGAN
Authors: Sahriani Sahriani
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Efforts to Improve Student's Ability in Completing the Problem of Operation Compute Integer By Applying the Model of TGT In Class V SD Negeri 090 Panyabungan. Subjects in this study amounted to 45 students. In Cycle I the average value of 66 tests with learning completeness of 53.33% and on Cycle II the average value of 80 tests with learning completeness up to 86.66%, and managed to give a complete learning outcomes in a classical. Teams Games Tournaments (TGT) learning models can improve students' understanding of the nature of the integer count operation, as evidenced by the observer's activity in Cycle I, among others, writing and reading 38%, working on LKS 32%, asking fellow friends 20%, asking teachers 5%, and that is not relevant to 5% teaching and learning activities. While the activity of students according to the observations in Cycle II, among others, write and read 32%, 40% work, ask fellow friends 18%, asked the teachers 6%, and that is not relevant to 4% teaching and learning activities. Keywords : Model TGT, Nature of Operation Compute Integer Abstrak : Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Siswa Dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Sifat Operasi Hitung Bilangan Bulat Dengan Menerapkan Model TGT Di Kelas V SD Negeri 090 Panyabungan. Subjek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 45 siswa. Pada Siklus I rata-rata nilai tes 66 dengan ketuntasan pembelajaran sebesar 53,33% dan pada Siklus II rata-rata nilai tes 80 dengan ketuntasan pembelajaran naik menjadi 86,66%, dan berhasil memberikan ketuntasan hasil belajar secara klasikal. Model pembelajaran Teams Games Tournaments (TGT) dapat meningkatkan pemahaman siswa tentang sifat operasi hitung bilangan bulat, terbukti dari aktivitas siswa menurut pengamatan pengamat pada Siklus I antara lain menulis dan membaca 38%, mengerjakan LKS 32%, bertanya sesama teman 20%, bertanya kepada guru 5%, dan yang tidak relevan dengan kegiatan belajar mengajar 5%. Sedangkan aktivitas siswa menurut pengamatan pada Siklus II antara lain menulis dan membaca 32%, bekerja 40%, bertanya sesama teman 18%, bertanya kepada guru 6%, dan yang tidak relevan dengan kegiatan belajar mengajar 4%. Kata Kunci : Model TGT, Sifat Operasi Hitung Bilangan Bulat
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN ADVANCE ORGANIZER UNTUK MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS SISWA KELAS VII-A SMPNEGERI 1PANYABUNGAN UTARA
Authors: Nurhamidah Nurhamidah
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Application of Advance Organizer Learning Model to Increase Student Activity in Class VII-A SMPN 1 Panyabungan Utara. This classroom action research will be done in two cycles. From cycle to cycle using Advance Organizer learning model by constantly improving the quality of learning activityoriented student activity that will lead to improvement of student learning outcomes. The research is applied to the students of class VII-A SMP Negeri 1 Panyabungan Utara, with the number of 23 students. The results showed that the data of student activity according to the two observer observations in Cycle I were: writing / reading (38,3%), doing (25%), asking fellow friend (19,2%), asking teacher (10.8% ), and which are not relevant to KBM (6.7%). And the data of student activity according to the observation in Cycle II are: writing / reading (31,8%), work (40,9%), ask fellow friend (17,3%), ask teacher (7,3%), and which is not relevant to KBM (2.7%). Keywords: Advance Organizer Learning Model, Student Activity Improvement Abstrak : Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Advance Organizer Untuk Meningkatkan Aktivitas Siswa Di Kelas VII-A SMPN 1 Panyabungan Utara.Penelitian tindakan kelas ini akan ditempuh dalam dua siklus. Dari siklus ke siklus menggunakan model pembelajaran Advance Organizer dengan senantiasa meningkatkan kualitas pelaksanaan pembelajaran yang berorientasi aktivitas siswa yang akan bermuara pada perbaikan hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian dikenakan pada siswa kelas VII-A SMP Negeri 1 Panyabungan Utara, dengan jumlah 23 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Data aktivitas siswa menurut kedua pengamatan pengamat pada Siklus I antara lain: menulis/membaca (38,3%), mengerjakan (25% ), bertanya sesama teman (19,2%), bertanya kepada guru (10,8%), dan yang tidak relevan dengan KBM (6,7%). Dan Data aktivitas siswa menurut pengamatan pada Siklus II antara lain: menulis/membaca (31,8%), bekerja (40,9%), bertanya sesama teman (17,3%), bertanya kepada guru (7,3%), dan yang tidak relevan dengan KBM (2,7%). Kata Kunci:Model Pembelajaran Advance Organizer, Peningkatan Aktivitas Siswa
PENINGKATAN AKTIVITAS BELAJAR IPS MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER (NHT) DI KELASVI SD NEGERI 339 TAMANG
Authors: Damanik Farida Ariani
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Increased IPS Learning Activity Through Cooperative Learning Numbered Heads Together (NHT) In Class VI SD Negeri 339 Tamang. The purpose of this study is to determine student learning activities of students. Subjects used amounted to 20 people. Student learning activity data Cycle I average write / read 31%, doing LKS 31%, ask friends 10,5%, ask 9% teacher and irrelevant to KBM equal to 18,5%. Cycle II writing / reading activity becomes 27.5%, works on 45% LKS, asks friends 19.5%, asks teachers to 6.5% and activities that are not relevant with KBM 1.5%. Students' IPS learning outcomes in the material Describe the Development of Regional Administration System of Indonesia in the first cycle showed an average of 62 with 40% complete kalsikal and in Formative II showed an average of 77 with 85% classical completeness. Keywords : Learning Model Numbered Heads Together, Student Learning Activities Abstrak :Peningkatan Aktivitas Belajar IPS Melalui Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Numbered Heads Together (NHT) Di KelasVI SD Negeri 339 Tamang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas belajar siswa siswa. Subjek yang digunakan berjumlah 20 orang.Data aktivitas belajar siswa Siklus I rata-rata menulis/membaca 31%,mengerjakan LKS 31%,bertanya pada teman sebesar 10,5%, bertanya kepada guru 9% dan yang tidak relevan dengan KBM sebesar 18,5%.Siklus IIaktivitas menulis/ membaca menjadi 27,5%,mengerjakan LKS45%,bertanya pada teman sebesar 19,5%, bertanya kepada guru menjadi 6,5% dan aktivitas yang tidak relevan dengan KBM 1,5%.Hasil belajar IPS siswa pada materi Mendeskripsikan Perkembangan Sistem Administrasi Wilayah Indonesia pada siklus I menunjukkan rata-rata 62 dengan ketuntasan kalsikal 40% dan pada Formatif II menunjukkan ratarata 77 dengan ketuntasan klasikal 85%. Kata Kunci : Model Pembelajaran Numbered Heads Together, Aktivitas Belajar Siswa
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR KOGNITIF BAHASA INDONESIA SISWA KELAS VIII-A MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN STAD SMP NEGERI 1 PANYABUNGAN SELATAN
Authors: Habibah Habibah
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Efforts to Improve Learning Outcomes of Indonesian Students' Cognitive Learning of Class VIII-A Through Application of Learning Model of STAD SMP Negeri 1 Panyabungan Selatan. This study aims to determine students' cognitive learning outcomes and student learning activities. Research subjects amounted to 35 people. Based on the findings of student learning outcomes cycle I only 17 people graduated KKM or complete class that is 49%. Formative data II shows 31 students complete the individual or 88% in classical. The data of both observers showed an increase in student learning activity on the activities of doing LKS and Ask friends. Cycle I Data Writing / reading activity (42%), LKS work activity (26.5%), asked friends (16.5%), teacher asked activity (11.5%). Activities not in accordance with the KBM is still at (3.5%). The data of cycle II shows the activity of doing LKS (45,5%), writing / reading (21,5%), Asking friend (20,5%), activity ask teacher reach proportion (12%), and activity not relevant with KBM is (0.5%). Keywords: STAD Learning Model, Learning Outcomes, Learning Activity Abstrak : Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Kognitif Bahasa Indonesia Siswa Kelas VIII-A Melalui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran STAD SMP Negeri 1 Panyabungan Selatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil belajar kognitif siswa dan aktivitas belajar siswa. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 35 orang. Berdasarkan temuan hasil belajar siswa siklus I hanya 17 orang lulus KKM atau ketuntas kelas yaitu 49%. Data formatif II menunjukan 31 siswa tuntas individu atau 88% secara klasikal. Data kedua pengamat menunjukan peningkatan aktivitas belajar siswa pada aktivitas mengerjakan LKS dan Bertanya pada teman. Data siklus I Aktivitas menulis/membaca (42%), aktivitas mengerjakan LKS (26,5%), bertanya kepada teman (16,5%), aktivitas bertanya pada guru sebesar (11,5%). Aktivitas yang tidak sesuai dengan KBM masih sebesar (3,5%). Data siklus II menunjukan aktivitas mengerjakan LKS (45,5%), menulis/membaca (21,5%), Bertanya pada teman (20,5%), aktivitas bertanya pada guru mencapai proporsi (12%), dan aktivitas tidak relevan dengan KBM yaitu (0,5%). Kata Kunci : Model Pembelajaran STAD, Hasil Belajar, Aktivitas Belajar
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPS TERPADU PADA KELAS VII-A SMP NEGERI 5 SINUNUKAN MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING (CTL)
Authors: Harahap Rahman
Published: July 2023

Abstract : Improve IPS Integrated Learning Outcomes in Class VII-A SMP Negeri 5 Sinunukan Through Application of Contextual Teaching and Learning Model (CTL). The purpose of this study is to determine whether the learning of Integrated IPS through the implementation of CTL learning model on the subject map can improve student learning outcomes class VII-A SMP Negeri 5 Sinunukan.The subject of this research is consisting of 23 students. The indicator of success is shown by the exceeding of the KKM by at least 85% of the students in the class.The result of the research shows the learning result of IPS Integrated students of class VII-A SMP Negeri 5 Sinunukan after getting the learning by applying Contextual Teaching and Learning learning model has increased at the end of cycle I with average 68 and end of cycle II with mean of 83, and mastery classical 53% in cycle I to 85% in cycle II. Keywords: Learning Outcomes, Learning Contextual Teaching and Learning Model Abstrak : Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPS Terpadu pada Kelas VII-A SMP Negeri 5 Sinunukan Melalui Penerapan Model Belajar Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah pembelajaran IPS Terpadu melalui penerapan model pembelajaran CTL pada pokok bahasan peta dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas VII-A SMP Negeri 5 SinunukanSubyek penelitian ini terdiri dari 23 siswa. Indikator keberhasilan ditunjukkan dengan terlampauinya KKM oleh paling sedikit 85% siswa dalam kelas.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil belajar IPS Terpadu siswa kelas VII-A SMP Negeri 5 Sinunukan setelah mendapatkan pembelajaran dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning mengalami peningkatan pada akhir siklus I dengan rata-rata 68 dan akhir siklus II dengan rata-rata 83, dan ketuntasan klasikal 53% pada siklus I menjadi 85% pada siklus II. Kata Kunci : Hasil Belajar, Model Pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning
MENINGKATKANHASIL BELAJAR SISWA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TGT DALAM MATA PELAJARAN PKN KELAS VI SDN 097 GUNUNG BARANI
Authors: Nasution Suheimi
Published: July 2023

Abstract:Improving Student Learning Outcomes Using TGT Learning Model In PKN Element Class VI SDN 097 GunungBarani. This study aims to improve learning outcomes. This research is a classroom action research. The subjects of this study which amounted to 22 people. Application of cooperative learning model type TGT there are some things that must diperhatiakan that is, in teaching-learning activities need to explain the purpose of learning and its application on the life of the community in accordance with the concept of learning materials so that students more easily to understand the material taught, requires preparation is quite mature, so the teacher should be able to determine or choose a topic that can really be applied with cooperative learning type TGT in the learning process to achieve optimal results. TGT learning model has a positive impact in improving learning outcomes and student learning outcomes are marked by improvements in student learning completeness in each cycle of research conducted that compared with the completeness of student learning outcomes before the teaching and learning activities using the TGT model. Keywords: Learning outcomes, Civics Learning, Students, Learning Model \TGT Abstrak: Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Dengan Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran TGT Dalam Mata Pelajaran PKN Kelas VI SDN 097 GunungBarani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas. Subjek berjumlah 22 orang. Penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TGT ada beberapa hal yang harus diperhatikan yaitu, pada kegiatan belajar-mengajar perlu dijelaskan tujuan pembelajaran serta aplikasinya pada kehidupan masyarakat sesuai dengan konsep materi pembelajaran agar siswa lebih mudah untuk mengerti materi yang diajarkan, memerlukan persiapan yang cukup matang, sehingga guru harus mampu menentukan atau memilih topik yang benar-benar bisa diterapkan dengan pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TGT dalam proses belajar mengajar untukmencapai hasil yang optimal. Model pembelajaran TGT memiliki dampak positif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar dan hasil belajar siswa yang ditandai dengan peningkatan ketuntasan belajar siswa dalam setiap siklus penelitian yang dilakukan yang dibandingkan dengan ketuntasan hasil belajar siswa sebelum dilakukannya kegiatan belajar mengajar dengan menggunakan model TGT tersebut. Kata kunci : Hasil belajar, Pembelajaran PKn, Siswa, Model Pembelajaran TGT
PERBAIKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INQUIRI TRAINING DI KELAS V SD NEGERI 126 GUNUNG BARINGIN
Authors: Nurjani Nurjani
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Improving Learning Outcomes of IPA Through Application of Inquiri Training Model In Class V SD Negeri 126 Gunung Baringin. This study aims to improve students' learning outcomes. The subject of research as many as 24 people.Student learning outcomes using Inquiry Training model. In Cycle I mastery of 70% with an average of 71.3 and not yet completed classically and In Cycle II of 87% with an average of 74 shows completely individual and class. The learning activities of the students during the implementation of the Inquiri Training model in cycle I are reading / reading (38%), working (36%), asking fellow friends (8%), asking teachers (15%), and irrelevant to KBM (3%). And on the second cycle, the student activity data according to the observation included reading / reading (34%), working (40%), asking fellow friends (18%), asking teachers (8%), and irrelevant to KBM (2% ). Keywords : Learning Inquiry Training Model, Learning Outcomes, Activity Learning Abstrak :Perbaikan Hasil Belajar IPA Melalui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Inquiri Training Di Kelas V SD Negeri 126 Gunung Baringin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperbaiki hasil belajar IPA siswa. Subjek peneltian sebanyak 24 orang.Hasil belajar siswa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Inquiry Training.Pada Siklus I ketuntasan sebesar 70% dengan rata-rata 71,3 dan belum tuntas secara klasikal dan Pada Siklus II sebesar 87% dengan rata-rata 74 menunjukkan tuntas secara individu dan kelas.Aktivitas belajar siswa selama penerapan model pembelajaran Inquiri Training pada siklus I antara lain membaca/membaca (38 %), bekerja (36 %), bertanya sesama teman (8 %), bertanya kepada guru (15 %), dan yang tidak relevan dengan KBM (3 %). Dan pada siklus II data aktivitas siswa menurut pengamatan antara lain membaca/membaca (34%), bekerja (40%), bertanya sesama teman (18%), bertanya kepada guru (8%), dan yang tidak relevan dengan KBM (2%). Kata Kunci : Model Pembelajaran Inquiry Training, Hasil Belajar, Aktivitas Belajar