bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recursive-Parallel Algorithm for Solving the Graph-Subgraph Isomorphism Problem
Authors: Vasilchikov Vladimir V.
Published: March 2022

The paper proposes a parallel algorithm for solving the Graph-Subgraph Isomorphism Problem and makes an experimental study of its efficiency. The problem is one of the most famous NP-complete problems. Its solution may be required when solving many practical problems associated with the study of complex structures. We solve the problem in a formulation that requires finding all existing isomorphic substitutions or proving their absence. In view of the high complexity of the problem, it is natural to want to speed up its solution by parallelizing the algorithm.We used the RPM ParLib library, developed by the author, as the main tool to program the algorithm. This library allows us to develop effective applications for parallel computing on a local network under the control of the runtime environment .NET Framework. Thanks to this library, applications have the ability to generate parallel branches of computation directly during program execution and dynamically redistribute work between computing modules. Any language with support of the .NET Framework can be used as a programming language in conjunction with this library. For the numerical experiment, an open database from the Internet was used, which was specially developed to study algorithms for searching for isomorphic substitutions. Also, the author has developed a special application in C# for generating additional sets of initial data with specified characteristics. The aim of the experiment was to study the speedup achieved due to the recursively parallel organization of computations. The paper provides a detailed description of the proposed algorithm, as well as the results obtained during the experiment.
Methods for Change Parallelism in Process of High-level VLSI Synthesis
Authors: Ryzhenko Igor Nikolaevich , Nepomnyaschy Oleg Vladimirovich , Legalov Aleksandr Ivanovich , Shaidurov Vladimir Viktorovich
Published: March 2022

In this paper methods for increasing the efficiency of VLSI development based on the method of architecture-independent design are proposed. The route of high-level VLSI synthesis is considered. The principle of constructing a VLSI hardware model based on the functional-flow programming paradigm is stated.The results of the development of methods and algorithms for transformation functional-parallel programs into programs in HDL languages that support the design process of digital chips are presented. The principles of assessment are considered and the classes of resources required for the analysis of design solutions are identified. Reduction coefficients and methods of their calculation for each resource class have been introduced. An algorithm for calculating the reduction coefficients and estimating the required resources is proposed. An algorithm for converting parallelism is proposed, taking into account the specified constraints of the target platform. A mechanism for the exchange of metrics with an architecture-dependent level has been developed. Examples of parallelism reduction for the FPGA platform and practical implementation of FFT algorithms in the Virtex® UltraScale FPGA basis are given. The developed methods and algorithms make it possible to use the method of architecture-independent synthesis for transferring VLSI projects to various architectures by changing the parallelism of the circuit and equivalent transformations of parallel programs. The proposed approach provides many options for hardware solutions for implementation on various target platforms.
Curcumin’s Antioxidant Properties in Stable Coronary Artery Disease Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Silalahi Todung , Alwi Idrus , Suyatna Frans , Sartika Katarina Dewi , Suwita Christopher Surya
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the most common intervention for coronary artery disease (CAD) with very low complications. High oxidative stress post-PCI is associated with further atherosclerosis progression. Curcumin, extracted from a specific type of herbs, exhibits anti-oxidant properties by acting as hydrogen and electron donor for superoxide radicals. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of curcumin’s antioxidant properties in reducing oxidative stress of post-PCI in stable CAD.METHODS: This study was a double-blind parallel randomized controlled trial among 50 stable CAD patients undergoing PCI in Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital and Jakarta Heart Center. The subjects received either 45 mg/day curcumin or placebo 7 days pre-PCI until 48 hours post-PCI. Reduced oxidative stress markers (decreased MDA or increased GSH) were measured in 3 phases (7 days pre-PCI, 24 hours post-PCI, 48 hours post-PCI).RESULTS: Curcumin group showed increased MDA from baseline to 24 hours (Δ1=0.01 vs. 0.03; p=0.3) and decreased MDA from baseline to 48 hours (Δ2=-0.06 vs. 0.03; p=0.9). While, curcumin group showed decreased GSH from baseline to 24 hours (Δ1=-49.7% vs. 12.2%; p=0.4) and from baseline to 48 hours (Δ2=-19.09% vs. 11.4%; p=0.6). However, no significant changes were found in malondialdehide (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) level after the intervention.CONCLUSION: The 45 mg/day curcumin supplementation from 7 days pre-PCI until 48 hours post-PCI had no significant antioxidant effect in stable CAD post-PCI.KEYWORDS: coronary artery disease, curcumin, antioxidant, percutaneous coronary intervention
The Enalapril Use in Arterial Hypertension Stimulates The Reparative Processes in Fractures of The Proximal Femur
Authors: Valilshchykov Mykyta , Babalyan Volodymyr , Markina Тetiana , Kumetchko Marina , Boiko Liudmyla , Romaev Sergey
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: In patients with a fracture of the proximal femur and concomitant arterial hypertension, there is a disturbance of the reparative processes of bone tissue. This research aimed to study the regulation of the reparative processes of fractures of the proximal femur with intramedullary osteosynthesis during the correction of concomitant hypertension, which was examined based on some markers using the rat model.METHODS: The study involved healthy Wistar rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The subjects were then grouped into healthy rats without exposure (1.1) SHR without exposure (2.1), healthy rats with modeled fractures of the proximal femur (1.2), SHR with modeled fractures of the proximal femur (2.2), SHR underwent hypertension correction with enalapril in subgroups without fracture (2.3) and SHR underwent hypertension correction with enalapril in subgroups with fracture (2.4). The levels of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a), IL-10, amino-terminal propeptide procollagen type III (PIIINP), glucose, uric acid, creatinine, urea, cholesterol, and albumin were determined in the blood serum of the animals. Femur preparations were examined after the removal of intramedullary fixation. RESULTS: Serum IL-6 level of animal in group 2.4 (2.297±0.361 pg/mL) were reduced compared to the corresponding indicators of rats in group 2.3 (4.054±0.491 pg/mL, p<0.05). Serum glucose and urea levels of animal in group 2.4 (3.951±0.156 mmol/L, 6.552±0.426 mmol/L, respectively) were significantly reduced in comparison with the group 2.3 (6.384±0.890 mmol/L, 10.369±0.888 mmol/L, respectively). The histological results indicated a positive effect of the drug enalapril on the healing of fractures of the proximal femur in animals with hypertension.CONCLUSION: Correction of arterial hypertension with enalapril in fractures of the proximal femur improves the reparative processes of bone tissue.KEYWORDS: injury healing, remodeling, concomitant diseases, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, cytokines, growth factor, collagen, biochemical parameters
Effects of Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) Extract and Spirulina (Spirulina platensis) Administration on Ki-67 Protein Expression in the Colon Epithelial Cells of Plasmodium berghei-infected Mice
Authors: Kusmardi Kusmardi , Ariffandi Bagas , Lubis Nadar Sukri , Lestari Tri Wahyuni , Intan Putri Reno , Pakpahan Alfred
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Malaria remains a global health concern and an endemic disease in Indonesia. Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) and spirulina (Spirulina platensis) are two potential antimalarial agents which act as antioxidants and antiinflammatories that can suppress morbidities during chronic inflammation in malaria, such as proliferation in the colon. This study aims to investigate the effects of A. paniculata extract and S. platensis administration on Ki-67 expression in medial colon epithelial cells of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice measured by H-score.METHODS: Thirty P. berghei-infected male Swiss-Webster mice were divided into five groups: negative controls (carboxymethyl cellulose/CMC); positive controls (dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine/DHP); A. paniculata extract alone (AP); A. paniculata extract in combination with S. platensis extract (AP+ES); and with S. platensis powder (AP+PS). All mice were infected with P. berghei on day 0. The treatment for each group were given 3 days before infection (D-3) until the day of infection (D0) for 28 days after infection. Colon tissues were processed with immunohistochemistry to detect Ki-67.RESULTS: A difference in Ki-67 expression was observed among the groups (p<0.01). The mean H-score for the CMC control group is 135.503±6.723. The lowest level of Ki-67 expression was observed in the AP+PS group (H-score= 110.941±7.079). AP group did not show a significant difference from the CMC group (p=0.514) and neither did the AP+ES group (p=0.234).CONCLUSION: In conclusion, administration of A. paniculata extract and S. platensis powder lowers Ki-67 expression in medial colon epithelial cells of P. berghei-infected mice.KEYWORDS: malaria, spirulina, Ki-67, Andrographis paniculata, Spirulina platensis
Antibodies in Sera of Dengue Patients with Plasma Leakage Cross-Reacting with DENV Protein and Endothelial Protein
Authors: Wulandari Dewi , Harahap Alida Roswita , Suhendro Suhendro , Sasmono R. Tedjo , Aryati Aryati , Pohan Herdiman Theodorus , Rengganis Iris , Bardosono Saptawati
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Dengue infection remains a major public health problem in Indonesia. Severe dengue associated with plasma leakage require hospitalization and potentially life threatening. However, the mechanism remains unclear, and the occurrence is unpredictable. The role of anti-endothelial antibody is predicted play an important role in the pathogenesis of plasma leakage, as severe dengue is more prevalent in secondary infection or post vaccinated individuals.METHODS: Serum samples from 127 single Dengue Virus (DENV) serotype infected subjects were obtained in day 2 of fever onset. Subjects were divided into plasma leakage and non-plasma leakage based on World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Anti-endothelial antibody in patient sera were detected using western blot of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC). To confirm cross-reactivity, the sera was preabsorb with mix-DENV lysate.RESULTS: Three prominent bands were identified on western blot strips that inhibited by pre-absorption with DENV lysate. Plasma leakage patient expressed significantly more antibodies, with 51.7% of plasma leakage patients expressed at least two bands out of those three, compared to 18.5% of non-plasma leakage.CONCLUSION: Antibodies found in sera of dengue patients with plasma leakage cross-reacted with DENV proteins and endothelial proteins 37 kDa, 75 kDa, 120 kDa, and therefore may be involved in the pathogenesis of plasma leakage. Proteomic identification of those protein targets is needed and may be useful for vaccine studies and further development of predictor marker for plasma leakage in dengue.KEYWORDS: severe dengue, plasma leakage, cross-reactive, anti-endothelial antibody.
The Aging Epigenome and The Rejuvenation Strategies
Authors: Meiliana Anna , Dewi Nurrani Mustika , Wijaya Andi
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Aging is an unavoidable part of life, defined by a gradual loss in tissue and organ function and an increasing chance of death. Current studies of aging connected the genetic and epigenetic changes to cause this process.CONTENT: When the aging-related epigenetic alterations is accumulated, it may result in irregulated gene expression, metabolic instability, stem cell senescence and exhaustion, and imbalance of tissue homeostasis, which all accelerate the aging process. Altered epigenetic gene regulatory mechanisms  such as DNA methylation,  histone modification and chromatin remodeling, and non-coding RNAs can induce aging process, thus manipulating these processes give a chance for the success of age-delaying interventions.SUMMARY: Given updated tools and technologies to investigate the epigenetic regulation affecting aging processes, new therapeutic strategies to delay this process can be developed to increase longevity and improve quality of life.KEYWORDS: aging, epigenetic, senescence, autophagy, mitochondria, metabolism, rejuvenation
„Do czego dążymy?” Niemieckie i polskie akademiczki i ich strategie walki o uznanie w epoce dwudziestolecia międzywojennego. Nowy porządek płci w nauce dzięki ruchowi społecznemu?
Authors: Dadej Iwona
Published: March 2022

Artykuł przedstawia powstanie i rozwój oraz wybrane pola działalności i organizacji badaczek. Skupione w nich kobiety z wyższym wykształceniem zaangażowane były politycznie na rzecz integracji i uwidaczniania w strukturach i gremiach akademickich kobiet uprawiających naukę. Ramy czasowe artykułu wyznacza epoka między dwoma wojnami – w II Rzeczpospolitej (do 1939 roku) i Republice Weimarskiej (do 1933 roku). Protagonistki tekstu działające w historycznych transnarodowych sieciach samopomocowych oraz w międzynarodowej organizacji International Federation of University Women, a także w filiach narodowych: Deutscher Akademikerinnenbund oraz w Polskim Stowarzyszeniu Kobiet z Wyższym Wykształceniem, stworzyły całą gamę strategii (samo)pomocowych dla kobiet zajmujących się nauką. Strategie te służyły instytucjonalizacji oraz większemu uwidocznieniu roli kobiet zajmujących się „produkowaniem” i fachowym propagowaniem wiedzy. Głównym zagadnieniem analizowanym w niniejszym tekście jest: czy oraz jakimi sposobami w niemieckim i polskim kontekście aktywizm i ruch kobiecy zdołały zapoczątkować zmiany w starym porządku płci w nauce i jej instytucjach.
Pola Gojawiczyńska – „walka piórem” o los kobiet w społeczeństwie
Authors: Bieniek Jadwiga
Published: March 2022

W swojej pracy przedstawiłam postać pisarki Poli Gojawiczyńskiej. Była najbardziej popularna w latach trzydziestych XX wieku. Jej twórczość była poświęcona kobietom. Na podstawie utworów: „Dziewczęta z Nowolipek” (1935), „Rajska jabłoń” (1937), „Stolica” (1945) omówiłam problemy, jakie pisarka poruszała w swych utworach: wychowanie i kształcenie kobiet, znalezienie pracy i awans społeczny, rola miłości w życiu kobiety, edukacja seksualna i aborcja, wojna a losy kobiet.
Impact of Sodium Arsenate on Histological Changes in Liver and Kidney of Fresh Water Catfish, Clarias batrachus
Authors: Pichhode Mohnish , Karpgye Santosh Kumar , Gaherwal S.
Published: March 2022

Background: In new age, Arsenic is a major environmental pollutant and exposure occurs through agricultural, environmental, medicinal and occupational sources. The toxicity of sodium arsenate has been shown in catfish, Clarias batrachus and the histology report suggested that the sodium arsenate may adversely effect on the catfish, Clarias batrachus. Methods: The histological analysis carried out during the period of 2018-19 for sodium arsenate with Clarias batrachus as test animal for 96 hour as per ideal method and determine the lethal concentration (LC50). The liver and kidney tissues were collected from the fishes exposed to sodium arsenate and standard histology procedure were followed to investigate the histological alterations. Result: Exposure of sodium arsenate causes severe histological changes in liver like nucleus blabbing, infiltration, necrosis of hepatocytes, disruption of normal architecture, shrunkeri hepatocytes, lytic hepatocytes etc. In kidney sodium arsenate exposure causes hemorrhage, inflammation and tubular atrophy in renal tubules, disruption of tubular linings, dense chronic inflammation, hemorrhage and vacoulation in Bowman’s capsule etc. The present investigation suggests that the inorganic forms of arsenic showing the highest toxicity level.
Seasonal Influence on Nutrient Requirements of Ruminants: A Review
Authors: Talukdar Papori , Kundu S.S. , Prusty Sonali
Published: March 2022

There are different agro climatic zones in the tropical countries hence seasonal change is most evident. Adverse climate might lead to environmental stress and changes of physiological and haemato-biochemical parameters in the body. Of the many types of stresses affecting rate and efficiency of animal productivity, most important are the thermal environment and associated factors of humidity, radiation and air movement than factors such as altitude, animal density, confinement etc. To reduce this condition, adequate nutrient requirement through diet should be fulfilled basically requirement for maintenance and production purpose. Nutrient requirements have been commonly esthablished in conditions presumed to be relatively free of environmental stress and animals are expected to perform near the genetic potential in the intensive production system. For that reason, such requirements are most relevent during optimum environmental conditions and are less appropriate when animals are exposed to stressful environments. Recently the feeding systems followed in tropical countries are ME and NE for energy feeding and for protein feeding CP along with MP system to meet the nutrient requirement. Here, an effort has been made to review the different modifications of feeding system over the earlier one along with influence of climate and related factors that affect nutrient requirement and utilization. The aim of the present manuscript is to modify the requirement with various climatic variables for augmenting production efficiency and cost effective farming.
Increasing Productivity and Profitability of Summer Mungbean through Cluster Frontline Demonstrations in Sonipat, Haryana
Authors: Singh Parminder , Kumar Ramesh , Bamel J.S. , Mehla Vinay , Kumar Ajay , Singh Jagat , Singh Satpal
Published: March 2022

Background: Cluster frontline demonstrations on summer mungbean were conducted at farmers’ fields in 2018-19 and 2019-20 in Sonipat district of Haryana state. Crop yield and returns of demonstrations were compared to those obtained in the local check plots. Adoption of improved practices of crop production in demonstration plots increased the crop yield by 30% over local check. Methods: A total number of 150 cluster front line demonstrations (CFLDs) were conducted in 60 ha. area during 2019 and 2020. A survey to get information on summer mungbean cultivation practices was undertaken before conducting the demonstrations. Selection of farmers and improved practices for demonstrations were done on the basis of survey information. Result: The average yield recorded in the demonstration and local check plots was 580 kg/ha and 447 kg/ha, respectively. This increase in yield was recorded with additional expenditure of Rs. 2285/ha. Net returns, additional returns and benefit cost ratio in demonstrations came out to be Rs. 13076 /ha, 3073 /ha and 1.77, respectively. The extension and technology gaps were recorded as 132.5 and 920.0 kg/ha, respectively. The technology index of 61.3% strongly indicated the technology inadequacies in the crop cultivation. The results of demonstrations revealed that low level of productivity at farmers’ fields could be increased to sustainable level by adoption of improved practices.
Interrelation of Religion and Culture in Gunungan Tradition Cosmology: Islamic and Javanese Perspectives
Authors: Ubaidillah Ubaidillah , Marpuah Siti
Published: March 2022

Philosophically, the science of The Qur’an about mountains is interpreted as a system of local awareness in the form of spiritual communication in the gunungan tradition of Javanese society. The concept of mountains in the Qur’an is scientific proof (kauniyah) of the Oneness of God as the Javanese interpret it as the concept of Gusti Manunggal. This dialectical relationship can be traced through the meaning of mountain cosmology in the Qur’an and Javanese philosophy in the perspective of interrelation between religion and culture. This study aims to explain mountains in the scientific perspective of the Qur’an with various functions which philosophically have a strong relationship in the gunungan tradition of the Garabek, Tumpeng, Slametan, and Sekaten rituals as the embodiment of tauhid in Central Java or Panjang-jimat in West Java. The method used is a thematic interpretation study with a descriptive narrative approach. Research on mountain cosmology or gunungan in the perspective of Islam and Javanese culture finds that (1) Gunungan is a form of symbolic communication that functions as an adhesive for the ordinary people on the one hand and at the same time spiritual. (2) The mountain is a universal system that affects the life of the Javanese people in fulfilling their life needs in an ecosystem function. (3) The gunungan tradition is a medium for praying, gratitude as a form of application, safety, and peace, as well as a medium for the spread of Islam. It can be concluded that the relationship between Islam and Javanese culture is a unified and unique Islamic characteristic in expressing theological and ecological awareness.
Gold and minerals of the heavy fraction of alluvial sediments in the Pokyu river (western slope of the Volsko-Vymskaya ridge, Middle Timan)
Authors: Parhacheva Ksenia
Published: March 2022

The article presents novel results of studies of the mineral composition of placer samples, morphological and chemical study of native gold from alluvial deposits in the Pokyu River (Middle Timan). The main minerals in the heavy fraction of concentrates are garnet and ilmenite. Most samples contain gold from occasional particles to certain grades. Small (0.25–1.0 mm) medium-rounded gold of plate and tabular form prevails. The only impurity is silver, the content of which is 0.5–27 wt. %. Almost all gold particles have a high-grade rim. The gold contains microinclusions of galena and gersdorffite.
Lomber Omurga Cerrahisinde İntraoperatif Kan Kaybı ve Transfüzyon için Risk Faktörlerinin Analizi
Authors: BALKAYA Ayşe Neslihan , DEMİREL Asiye , KILIÇARSLAN Nermin
Published: March 2022

Omurga cerrahisi dünyada en fazla uygulanan cerrahi işlemlerden biridir. Çalışmamızda lomber omurga cerrahisi uygulanan hastalarda intraoperatif kanama ve transfüzyon açısından öngörücü faktörlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ocak 2018- Aralık 2020 döneminde, 18 yaş ve üstü, genel anestezi altında lomber omurga cerrahisi uygulanan hastalar çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastaların medikal verileri retrospektif olarak incelendi. Hastaların demografik verileri, komorbiditeleri, cerrahi tipi ve süresi, cerrahi işlem preoperatif hemoglobin, hematokrit, platelet, koagülasyon parametreleri, intraoperatif kanama miktarı, intraoperatif ve postoperatif kan transfüzyonları ve hastanede yatış süreleri kayıt altına alındı. Yaş ortalaması 59,56±11,39 olan 155’i (%37,99) erkek, 253’ü (%62,01) kadın toplam 408 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. 15 (%3,68) hastada preoperatif hemoglobin düşüklüğü sebebiyle preoperatif eritrosit süspansiyonu (ES), replasmanı yapıldı. En sık lomber kanal stenozu (n=255, %62,5) sebebiyle cerrahi işlem uygulandı, en sık uygulanan işlemin posterior segmental ensturmantasyon + laminektomi (n=216, %52,94) olduğu görüldü. Kanama miktarı 444,12±279,59 mL olarak bulunurken, 101 (%24,75) hastaya intraoperatif transfüzyon uygulandı. İntraoperatif hastaların 77’sine (%18,87) ES, 2’sine (%0,49) taze donmuş plazma (TDP), 22’sine (%5,39) ES+TDP uygulandı. Yaş (P=0,041), nonsteroid antiinflamatuar ilaç kullanımı (NSAII) (P=0,030), üç ve üçten fazla segmentte cerrahi işlemi yapılması (P=0,010), hematokrit (P=0,029), protrombin zamanı (PT) (P=0,006) değerleri, kristaloid kullanımı (P=0,015), intraoperatif hipertansiyon gelişimi (P=0,008) intraoperatif transfüzyonla ilişkilendirildi. NSAII kullanımı (P
Demographic and Family Policies as a Part of Contemporary Social Policy: Theoretical Approaches, Goals, Implementation Mechanisms and Performance Assessment (Part 1)
Authors: Sinitsa Arseniy
Published: March 2022

The demographic situation in Russia continues to be extremely difficult: the number of births is declining while mortality is increasing and the population is aging. The problem is aggravated by the coronavirus pandemic, which has a negative impact on the health, mortality, and standard of living of the population. Under these conditions, there is a need for public policy, which can reverse or at least slow down the existing demographic trends. To do this it is necessary to understand its functions. The article deals with the state social policy and its parts (family and demographic policies). There is agreement on the definitions of each policy, but their functions and objectives continue to depend largely on the researcher's approach. The demographic policy is considered very broadly, and population reproduction may be associated with quality of life. There is a certain connection between them, but it is often indirect and it is impossible to clearly distinguish the contribution of the economic component to demographic development. It is also often emphasized that the demographic policy should not set clear quantitative goals. These two provisions blur the essence of this policy and, to some extent, limit the field of its implementation. Family policy, which is as equal a branch of social policy as demographic policy, is very often seen as a component of the demographic policy. This means that it gets assigned functions that are not peculiar to it, to the detriment of the family component itself. In order to increase the effectiveness of both policies, it is necessary to more clearly define their goals, functions, and mutual equality.
Generation Z participants of intellectual olympiads: labour market behavioral attitudes
Authors: Veredyuk Olesya , Chernykh Ekaterina
Published: March 2022

One of the processes actively transforming the labour market is the entry of new generations with their own values and requirements for the quality of working life. The article aims to identify the distinctive features of values, which will determine behavior in the labour market, as well as attitudes towards the conditions and content of labour among participants in the olympiads – intellectual competitions for schoolchildren – as representatives of generation Z. The empirical basis of the study was the results of a Google-form survey of the olympiad movement participants in Russia. It was revealed that having the behavioral attitudes typical for Generation Z, the olympiads’ participants have a number of them more pronounced. For instance, when choosing a place of work the following determinants are more significant: the prospect of going abroad and the company's commitment to corporate social responsibility. Among less significant determinants, there are comfortable office space; distance from the office to the home; the possibility of upskilling within the company. Relatively more likely factors for the olympiads’ participants to quit the job are lack of opportunities for professional development and career growth; unfriendly corporate culture and unethical business practices; lack of opportunities to offer and implement own ideas. In terms of behavioral values in the labour market, differences between the olympiads’ participants and Generation Z as a whole are more significant than between subgroups of the olympiads’ participants. Despite a number of methodological limitations of this exploratory study, the results allow us to conclude that this area of within-generation research is promising for further analysis aimed at identifying cause-effect relationships to underpin HR decisions about recruitment and motivation as well as public policy decisions about the formation and support of talented youth.
Analysis of indicators of financial behavior of Moscow youth in modern realities
Authors: Alikperova Natalya
Published: March 2022

The large-scale transformations that have taken place in Russia over the past 25 years have caused the intensive development and meaningful content of a special type of economic behavior of the population - financial behavior. It has become an integral factor determining the material well-being of citizens, affecting the socio-economic level of development of regions and the country as a whole. Young people, as a special group of the able-bodied population, are increasingly becoming the object of research on financial literacy, motives, and strategies of financial behavior, and a wide variety of methods for studying financial literacy of the population gives ample opportunities to choose indicators that have a key role for the study of financial behavior of young people. As for indicators of financial behavior of young people, the author suggests the following: methods of maintaining a personal budget, including criteria for managing your own funds, accounting for income and expenses; forms for saving savings (retrospective, current situation, perspective); assessment of financial instruments in terms of reliability, profitability, and accessibility; savings goals; indicators of credit behavior – readiness and plans for loans; indicators of investment behavior – investment activity, goals, tools, awareness, decision-making criteria. This article is a continuation of the reflection of scientific results in relation to the study of the behavior of young people in the financial market. Part of the results representing the monetary attitudes of young Muscovites that determine the choice of behavior strategies in the financial market is presented in No. 3 2021 of this journal. The current issue of the publication already presents the results devoted directly to the strategies of financial behavior of young people in Moscow. As a result of the conducted research, the peculiarities of financial behavior of young people were identified on the basis of the proposed indicators, and recommendations were developed for state bodies regulating the activities of financial market participants, the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, as well as financial institutions and educational organizations on the transformation of financial behavior strategies of young people into more literate forms.
The Labour Potential of Older Generation: Interregional Analysis
Authors: Ryazantsev Sergey , Nioradze Georgy
Published: March 2022

The article is devoted to the labor potential of the older generation, which is considered from the theoretical, methodological, and empirical perspectives. The relevance of studying the labor of the elderly is associated with the search for an employment reserve in the context of a shrinking working-age population and demographic aging. The concept of "labor potential" has been developed since the 1980s, as a result, the existing approaches to this concept can be divided into descriptive (data description) and transformative (using indices). The transformative approach based on the concept of ISESP RAS and VolRC RAS was adapted for the study of the older generation and for the RLMS database. The concept is based on a “tree of characteristics” (a set of indices), the top of which is “social capacity” (labor potential). To calculate the labor potential, it was necessary to select the available variables in the RLMS questionnaire, the peculiarity of which made it possible to add indices of an active lifestyle and network involvement and at the same time it forced to abandon the indices of creativity, cultural level, and moral level. The calculations made allow us to classify Tomsk, St. Petersburg, Moscow, Novosibirsk region, Vladivostok among the regions with the highest labor potential. The next step was associated with a comparison of the regions with the highest and lowest labor potential, which revealed the main markers (criteria for regional differentiation of the labor potential of the elderly): 1) intellectual potential (participation in educational programs over the previous 12 months, level of education, foreign language skills), 2 ) communicative potential (trust in people in general, management, colleagues and the level of computer skills), as well as the level of employment (regions with a high level of employment of the elderly are characterized by a high labor potential in the older generation). The hypothesis that the gender composition of the region may act as an additional marker was not confirmed, however, the analysis of the age specifics revealed a higher labor potential of the elderly in women than in men.
La influencia de la diplomacia pública china en la profundización de la relación bilateral con Brasil entre los años 2000 al 2020
Authors:   ,   Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Flores Luna Brenda Azucena
Published: March 2022

Esta tesis tiene como objetivo analizar la influencia de la diplomacia pública de la República Popular China en la relación bilateral con Brasil entre los años 2000 al 2020. Esta investigación se realizó con el método de teoría fundamentada aplicada a estudios de tipo documental, ya que se realizó en base a la recopilación de datos y el análisis de estos. Asimismo, esta investigación tiene un enfoque cualitativo y presenta un diseño narrativo. En la metodología también se incluyó métodos de investigación para relaciones internacionales. Los resultados de esta investigación muestran el desarrollo de la relación bilateral entre ambos países en aspectos como: el cultural, el político y el económico, gracias a la estrategia china de diplomacia pública y su deseo por desarrollar un Soft Power. En ese sentido, se concluye que la diplomacia pública china sí ha influido en la profundización de la relación bilateral sino-brasileña.
The synergism between SO2 and ethanol is the “villain” of yeasts at the beginning of the second fermentation of sparkling wines
Authors: Cisilotto Bruno , Scariot Fernando Joel , Schwarz Luisa Vivian , Mattos Rocha Ronaldo Kauê , Longaray Delamare Ana Paula , Echeverrigaray Sergio
Published: March 2022

In our paper, we show that at a pH commonly found in sparkling base wines (i.e., 2.8-3.3), a synergism occurs between the SO2 added as a preservative and the ethanol present in the base wine. This synergism causes high stress on yeasts that lead to an important loss of viability, which in turn causes an increase in the lag phase time, slow fermentation and difficulties in finishing the prise de mousse.
Unusual burial of an adolescent with military equipment from the Rouran time necropolis of Choburak-I (Northern Altai)
Authors: Seregin N.N. , Tishkin A.A. , Matrenin S.S. , Parshikova T.S.
Published: March 2022

In this article we introduce into scientific discourse and provide diverse interpretation of the extraordinary burial of a young man of 13–15 years old, investigated during the excavation of the necropolis of the Bulan-Koby Archaeological Culture within the Choburak-I funeral and memorial complex. This site is located on the right bank of the Katun River, 3.6 km south from the Elanda Village in the Chemal District, Altai Republic. The unique nature of this object (mound no. 29a) is determined by the presence of a full-fledged “male” inventory with the deceased, including long-range weapons (bow and arrows with iron tips) and close combat (knife in a scabbard), items of equipment (belt buckles, distributors, fasteners), whip with a bone handle. In addition, a bone comb was disco-vered in the grave, which is traditionally an attribute of grave goods in female burials of the Altai population of the Xianby-Rouran period. At the same time, there was no riding horse in the burial, which was a mandatory attribute of funeral practice for full-fledged members of society. A comparative study of different categories of weapons, equipment, tools and household utensils, as well as comparison of the obtained results with radiocarbon dates, made it possible to establish the chronology of the published complex within the second half of the 4th — first half of the 5th c. AD. In the context of the funeral rite of adult population who used the Choburak-I burial ground, the grave of an adolescent from mound no. 29a belongs to the Dyalyan tradition, whose representatives were the elite of the society of cattle breeders in the Northern Altai during the Rouran period. The analysis of the obtained materials testifies to the special (“transitional”) individual status of the deceased person in the nomadic society of the Bulan-Koby Culture in the middle of the 1st mil. AD. Probably, the specificity of the deceased's life position was determined, on the one hand, by reaching a certain age and belonging to a fairly wealthy family, and by limi-tations in physical development recorded in the course of anthropological research, on the other hand.
The rite of cremation in contemporary burial practices of the Chukchi reindeer herders
Authors: Kolomiets O.P. , Nuvano V.N.
Published: March 2022

In the Reindeer Chukchi and Koryak cultures, cremation practices did not interrupt for centuries. In contem-porary Chukchi culture, burial practices include cremation, leaving the body in the open space, and burial in “Rus-sian style”. Cremation is still practiced among Reindeer Chukchi nowadays, although with some modifications and simplifications. The article is based on the fieldwork materials assembled by authors in 2000–2021 from the vil-lages of Vaegi, Khatyrka, Meinypylgino, Omolon, Kaiettyn, and Ilirney of the Anadyr and Bilibino municipal dis-tricts, as well as on published materials. For the comparative analysis, the ethnographic materials from Kam-chatka and Magadan regions were used. The informants’ answers suggest that contemporary burial rites in Vaegi, Khatyrka, Meinypylgino, and Omolon villages are the closest to the traditional cremation ritual. The pur-pose of this article is the reconstruction of the rite of cremation of Chukchi peoples and compare the traditional ceremony with the contemporary rituals of Reindeer Chukchi from Vaegi, Khatyrka, Meinypylgino, and Omolon localities. This paper described the full cremation ceremonial cycle: the preparation for the burial, sewing the bur-ial clothing, crafting specific tools, distribution of the ceremonial roles, activities on the day before, during and after the cremation. The rite of asking the dead, preserved virtually with no changes till modern days, is described in detailed; the actions of main participants on every stage have been reconstructed. The local differences in the burial ceremony be-tween various Chukchi groups have been specified. Special consideration has been given to the local Chukchi termi-nology, formulas, and spells, which were in use in the burial rite until 1970–1980s. Currently, informants practice simpli-fied elements of the rite, the Chukchi language is not routinely used for the ceremonies, some words being spelled in Russian. Nevertheless, the burial practices have kept the mythological elements such as crossing the border into the other world, dividing of the worlds, creatures-guardians, evil spirits, guardian spirits.
Sublimated products and other time management tools: transformations of Khanty reindeer herders' nutrition practices in the Polar Urals
Authors: Rakhmanova L.Ia.
Published: March 2022

The key contribution of this article is bridging the perspectives of anthropology of food, mobility studies and anthropology of time, unfolding through an ethnographic study of the dietary practices of the Khanty reindeer herders in the Shuryshkar Region of the Yamal Peninsula in the beginning of the 21st c. We focus on freeze-dried foods, ‘Doshirak’ — the brand name which became genericized in this environment, and the dialogue of these foods with fish and venison, depending on the modes of mobility and the season. The Khanty herder's diet as recently as 20–25 years ago included reindeer and fish, processed and stored in various forms. In summer, dur-ing the nomadic period, raw foods are unfeasible, and dried venison and salted fish become key nutrients. Fresh foods and sophisticated cooking can only be afforded at campsite. Mobility periods reduce the diversity and set technological limits for food choice. The process of cooking and eating is integrated into the per-minute plan of the day during migration: one needs to find lightweight meal that regains weight and volume with addition of water. This is how soluble noodles and mashed potatoes are introduced in the reindeer herders' diet during the migration period. Nutrition type reflects the trend towards the “fragmentation” of food resources into small portions, suitable for single meal in a narrow family circle. A brigade of related tents has different diets. Previously, the problem of storing a deer slaughtered for “collec-tive nutrition” (“colpit”) was solved via distribution of meat to a wide social circle. Now whole reindeer is too large for a mo-bile and small family during migration. Thus, Doshirak has become a way to save and/or speed up time (a longer march during the day instead of boiling cereals), a way to autonomize the family/chum within the extended family and the reindeer herding brigade. At the same time, the phenomenon of Doshirak reflects the pattern of food alienation, unification of food trends. This trend also highlights the understudied discourse of the usefulness and danger of this food — not in terms of freshness/rotting, purity/pollution, but in terms of artificiality/naturalness of food, which raises the question of the “natural-ness” of the consuming subject itself.
The potential of using scanning electron microscopy with an energy dispersive analyzer for the study of the Bronze Age metal: on the problem statement
Authors: Degtyareva A.D. , Gubin A.A. , Artemyev D.A.
Published: March 2022

The article is aimed at approbation of the scanning electron microscopy technique to analyse the inclusions and phase components of metallographic specimens using the results of spectral, XRF, atomic emission spec-trometric, and metallographic analyses. The comparison of microstructural data with electronic images and XRSMA results in separate phases allowed identification of chemical composition of the inclusions and determi-nation of the nature of the ores used for metallurgical processing. The article presents the results of an analytical study of the metal of the Petrovka Culture (19th–18th c. BC) of the Southern Trans-Urals using Tescan Mira 3 LMU scanning electron microscope with Oxford Instruments Analytical Ltd. Energy dispersive analyzer, implemented for determination of the elemental composition of the phases in the samples. For the analysis, metallographic specimens with the revealed microstructure of the metal were used. In the process of SEM-EDS analysis, visuali-sation of the surface of the specimens was performed, and the topology and structure of the metal were exa-mined. The possibility of successful reduction of the oxide-carbonate ores without the introduction of sulphide miner-als in the beginning of the 2nd mil. BC has been confirmed. It has been concluded that the presence of oxides and sulphides in the structure of pure copper is consistent with the determination of the character of ores used for smelting — oxidized or oxidized in a mixture with sulfides. The technique of identifying marker elements for the types of ores used, including As, Ni, Sb, Fe, Se, Te, has been tested. With a certain degree of probability, the types of minerals used in smelting have been determined. For the sites of the Southern Trans-Urals, where the main metallurgical centre with mines and settlements of metallurgists was located, characteristic was the use of chalcosine-covellite ores in furnace charge, apart from smelting oxide-carbonate ores. In the territory of the Mid-dle Tobol River, in the settlements where metal processing was carried out, copper was used, obtained both from oxide ores and using chalcosine-covellite minerals from the zone of cementation of pyrite deposits.
Pottery vessels of the early Southern Ural nomads with dimple-pearl ornament: origins, existence, disappearance
Authors: Fedorov V.K.
Published: March 2022

The article aims at studying vessels of early nomads decorated with dimple-pearl ornament. To achieve this, the following issues need to be addressed: their origins, territorial distribution, chronological framework of the distribution, connection of the ornament with certain types of vessels, and the reasons for the disappearance of vessels with this ornament. A set of methods has been applied to achieve this, including cartographic, compara-tive, deductive and inductive, and also the methods of analysis and synthesis. The source base of the study con-sists of 35 vessels and fragments of six more vessels. Dimple-pearl ornament refers to the earliest types of orna-ments. It represents small round depressions on the body of vessels, applied both on the outside and inside. Where the depressions are sufficiently deep, protuberances are formed on the opposite side of the wall of a vessel, which received the name “pearls” in the archaeological contexts. The ornament is applied with a stick with a rounded end. The origin of this ornament on the vessels of early nomads of the Southern Urals was connected on the one hand with the population of the pre-Sauromatian time who migrated from the Lower Volga Region, and the local Southern-Ural tradition of the Final Bronze Age on the other hand. The ornament in the form of dimples and “pearls” first appeared on squat jar-like vessels with a small spout in the 7th — first half of the 6th c. BC. In the 6th — early 4th c. BC this ornament is found mainly on two types of vessels — those with conical body, short neck, bent rim and a tubular spout, and on tall vessels with body swollen in the middle. Occasionally, large vessels are found that combine two types of ornament — dimples along the body and fingernips, mainly in the upper part. Other vessels with dimple-pearl ornament sometimes carry other types of ornament — nail prints and so-called “Sauromatian pictograms”. Most of such vessels have admixture of chamotte in clay dough. Fragments of early nomads’ vessels with dimple-pearl ornament sometimes are found on river-bank sites which served as stopping places during seasonal migrations. With a certain degree of admissibility, such sites may be considered as “settlements”. The discrete nature of distribution of vessels with dimple-pearl ornament in South Ural territory occupied by early nomads shows that this ornament was only in use among some families, or clan groups, or specific tribal groups. The tradition of decorating vessels with dimple and “pearls”, the latter to a lesser extent, existed among the nomads of the Southern Urals until the beginning of the 4th c. BC. With the spread of vessels with an admixture of talc in the clay dough, this ornament disappeared.