bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Topology Optimization of Building Digital Supply Chain Based on Genetic Neural Network
Authors: Su Yawu , Shao Zhiguo , Liu Tianyang
Published: September 2024

In order to maximize the benefit of building supply chain, the topology optimization method of building digital supply chain based on genetic neural network is studied. According to the overall structural characteristics of the building digital supply chain, customer demand data, supplier sales data, manufacturer production management data, and environmental policy exception data are collected to form a building digital supply chain data set. As input data, a building digital supply chain demand prediction model based on improved genetic LSTM neural network is constructed. Capture the needs of the building digital supply chain; according to the demand of suppliers, manufacturers and customers in building digital supply chain, a nonlinear 0–1 mixed integer programming model based on the newsboy model is established. According to the various information provided by the supplier, the ant colony algorithm is used to calculate the optimal supplier. After all suppliers are identified, the topology of the digital supply chain is constructed. So far, the optimization of the supply chain has been completed. The experimental data show that this method can accurately predict the demand of construction projects, the maximum error is less than 1.5%, and can obtain the best supplier selection results. Compared with before optimization, the profit of the structural digital supply chain after topology optimization increases the most.
Reducing Bandwidth Usage in CVSLAM: A Novel Approach to Map Point Selection and Efficient Data Compression
Authors: Zhang Weiqiang , Cheng Lan , Xu Xinying , Hu Zhimin
Published: September 2024

In the field of collaborative visual simultaneous localization and mapping (CVSLAM), efficient data communication poses a significant challenge, particularly in environments with limited bandwidth. To address this issue, we introduce a method aimed at reducing communication consumption. Our approach starts with a strategic culling of map points, aiming at maximizing pose-visibility and expanding spatial diversity to effectively eliminate redundant data in CVSLAM. We achieve this by formulating the problem of maximizing pose-visibility and spatial diversity as a minimum-cost maximum-flow graph optimization problem. Subsequently, we apply finite state entropy encoding for the compression of visual information, further alleviating bandwidth constraints. To verify the proposed method, we implement it within a centralized collaborative monocular simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) system. Our approach has been tested on publicly available datasets and in real-world scene. The results show a prominent reduction in bandwidth usage by 49% while maintaining mapping accuracy and without introducing additional latency, confirming its effectiveness in a multi-agent system setting.
Dynamic Short-Term Perspective Estimation Based on Formal Concept Analysis
Authors: Aikawa Kazuki , Nobuhara Hajime
Published: September 2024

In online shopping, user perspectives transit dynamically from abstract categories to concrete subcategories within a short period. We propose a perspective-estimation system that estimates the dynamic, short-term perspectives of users by inferring a hierarchy of categories based on their actions. The proposed system analyzes the wish list rankings of users and their operational histories to extract the categories emphasized at that moment. It then employs formal concept analysis to infer the hierarchical structure of categories, thereby visualizing the dynamic short-term perspective. In experiments involving 57 participants, the proposed method rates its match with user perspectives on a seven-point scale, achieving an average score of 4.84, outperforming the feature estimation method using latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA), which scored 4.36. The statistical significance was confirmed through the Wilcoxon rank-sum test with a statistic W=4.80 and a p-value of 1.56×10-6. Compared with LDA, the proposed system is statistically significant in terms of the degree of agreement with the perspectives.
ENSURING ECOLOGICAL AND FIRE SAFETY DURING THE OPERATION OF MOTOR VEHICLES WITH PISTON PNEUMATIC AND CRYO ENGINES WHICH USING THE NITROGEN AS WORKING BODY
Authors: Kondratenko O.V. , Umerenkova K.R. , Lievtierov A.M. , Strokov O.P. , Koloskov V.Y. , Lytvynenko O.O.
Published: September 2024

In the study, the purpose of which is to improve the mathematical apparatus based on the modified thermodynamic theory of disturbances for describing the thermophysical characteristics of nitrogen in the gaseous and liquid states as the working fluid of fire-safe and environmentally safe motor vehicles with piston pneumatic or cryoengines, a mathematical model was suggested to describe for describing the thermodynamic properties of gaseous and liquid of nitrogen, which is intended for the development of a new type of fire-safe and environmentally efficient vehicle with a piston pneumo- or cryoengine and its application is illustrated. The object of the study is the thermophysical characteristics of nitrogen in a liquid or gaseous aggregate state, as a working fluid of fire-safe and eco-safe motor vehicles with a piston pneumatic or cryoengine. The subject of the research is a mathematical apparatus based on the modified perturbation theory for describing the thermophysical characteristics of nitrogen in gaseous and liquid states. The scientific novelty of the research results is that a mathematical apparatus based on a modified thermodynamic theory of disturbances has been improved for a comprehensive description of all thermophysical characteristics of nitrogen, which is in both liquid and gaseous aggregate state, in terms of reducing calculation time and reducing the error of obtaining thermophysical characteristics compared to reference and experimental data. The practical significance of the research results is that the improved mathematical apparatus is marketable for providing accurate information to the composition of the initial data set in studies on the use of nitrogen in various aggregate states as the working fluid of fire-safe and eco-safe motor vehicles with a piston pneumatic or cryoengine.
USE OF IIoT TECHNOLOGIES IN ENGINE MONITORING AND CONTROL SYSTEMS
Authors: Linkov O.U. , Shevchenko O.S.
Published: September 2024

Determining the operating parameters of engine systems is very important to ensure its long-term reliability. Modern power plants use a large number of modern electronic components (sensors, controllers, etc.). All systems generate a huge volume of data that must be tracked, processed and analyzed, which in turn creates calls to gateways and servers. However, the current state of development of microcontrollers and their power allow the use of fog computing, which can lead to more efficient use of both the power plant and data transmission systems. Also, the use of modern microcontrollers and fog computing allows modernizing old power plants with minimal effort and creating new information nodes for monitoring the state of nodes and engine systems and easily combining them with systems already existing on the engine. The selection of a microcontroller and justification of its type for the modernization of the fuel system of a diesel engine are considered. Rapid processes occur in the high-pressure fuel system of diesel engines, which can be determined by changes in fuel pressure. For detailed measurement of processes in the fuel system, measurements should be made with a frequency of at least 24 kHz, i.e.: if the crankshaft rotation frequency is 4000 min-1, then 24,000 measurements should be made every second (when registering data after 1 degree of crankshaft rotation). Another indicator that imposes its requirements is the bit rate of the analog-to-digital converter (ADC), which depends on the range of recorded values. For example, an ADC with a resolution of 8 bits is capable of outputting 256 discrete values (0…255). That is, the higher the bit rate, the more sensitive the converter is to signal changes, and 8 bits may not be enough. Thus, even a small number of sensors can generate a huge amount of data. Transmitting large amounts of data is irrational and can lead to data loss and "clogging" of transmission channels, which challenges the computational performance of the microprocessor.
AUTOMATION OF MEASUREMENTS OF ENGINE HEAT CONSUMPTION IN THE LUBRICATION AND COOLING SYSTEMS
Authors: Trynov O. V. , Sivykh D. G. , Sergienko A.M.
Published: September 2024

The paper presents the results of an intermediate stage of the study of heat transfer processes in high-speed diesel engines of the automotive tractor type at transient load discharge-load-injection modes, which are characteristic of this type of diesel engines. In such modes, as evidenced by the results of calculations of the thermal stress state of combustion chamber parts, in particular pistons, exhaust valves of the gas distribution mechanism, significant tensile and compressive stresses are observed compared to operation at steady-state conditions.
This is the reason for the occurrence of defects in the form of cracks on the heat exchange surfaces of these parts, which limits the service life of automotive tractor engines. For a more detailed study of transient processes, as the main approach, it is proposed to use the well-known method of heat balance tests of a high-speed diesel engine, but with the involvement of automated processing of measurement results in digital form at steady-state and transient modes. It is proposed to focus on heat consumption, which is a component of the heat balance in the lubrication and cooling system. Without the use of automated information processing directly at the time of transient load shedding and load shedding, it is impossible to obtain such information on cooling and lubrication systems. Recording of transient heat transfer processes makes it possible to track the influence of engine operating parameters, the dynamics of the transient process depending on its duration, the initial and final steady-state modes between which the transition is being studied. In general, this way, it is possible to assess the adaptability of cooling and lubrication systems to heat dissipation during sudden changes in load, to avoid, or at least limit, the growth of thermal stresses. The publication presents a possible variant of the schematic solution of such a system for automated processing of the results of heat balance tests with the maximum use of equipment that is mass-produced and has already been used previously in heat balance tests.
USING THE ARDUINO PLATFORM IN THE RESEARCH OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
Authors: Kravchenko S. , Kuzmenko A. , Obodets D.
Published: September 2024

Modern measuring systems used in the study of internal combustion engines require significant investments. The universal Arduino platform offers ready-made powerful hardware modules for data collection (shields) and control, which work in a wide range of frequencies and signal amplitudes, provide their analysis and processing, allow to implement equipment management, and have a relatively low cost and free software with standard libraries. These facts testify to the high relevance of the use of the Arduino platform in the study of internal combustion engines. The purpose of this work is to determine the possibilities and features of using the Arduino hardware and software platform in the study of processes occurring in energy power plants with internal combustion engines, early prototyping of their control and diagnostic systems. The paper considers the possibility of hardware and software connection of sensors for measuring basic physical quantities to the Arduino platform: crankshaft rotation frequency (based on induction sensors and Hall sensors), pressure, air and fuel flow, temperatures (resistance sensors and thermocouples). In addition, the characteristics (dependence of the measurement parameter on the output value) of some popular sensors used in the study of internal combustion engines are given. It is important to consider that the equipment used for the study of processes in the ICE must meet the certification requirements. In the case of Arduino, this certification may not be available. However, the recommendations for the use of various sensors, shields and Arduino boards can be applied if the measured quantity is not the determining factor. It is important to consider these limitations and use Arduino with an understanding of the capabilities and limitations of the platform. The use of Arduino in the educational process in the training of specialists in the field of power engineering and in the research of energy installations of vehicles will allow students to apply the knowledge, skills and abilities acquired in the learning process at the hardware and software levels, which will create additional motivation for further study devices and principles of operation of automated and automatic vehicle control systems.
Antecedents of Customer Satisfaction in Increasing Muslim Customer Loyalty in Halal Restaurants
Authors: Mamuaya Nova Ch. , Pandowo Aditya
Published: September 2024

This research integrates product quality and perceived price with halal labeling to increase insight into purchasing behavior in consuming halal products. This study aims to explore the role of Muslim consumer satisfaction as well as its antecedents and consequences. The sample in this study was 100 Muslim respondents who visited fast food restaurants at least twice in the last month and were 18-25 years old. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire survey around the city of Manado. The analysis technique used is the Structural Equation Model with Partial Least Square. The results showed that halal labeling, perceived price, product quality, and satisfaction had a significant effect on loyalty directly. In contrast, the indirect effect shows that perceived price does not significantly influence loyalty through satisfaction. The results of this study prove that the relationship between young Muslim consumers' satisfaction with the halal label and product quality can strengthen their loyalty. Therefore, companies must continue to maintain customer satisfaction. This research has certain limitations, namely that it focuses only on fast-food restaurants in Manado City and has only explored the mediating role of customer satisfaction. Practitioners and academics need to do further research in the future, especially in the context of halal products.
Does Macroeconomic Moderate The Effect of Risk and Diversification on Financial Stability? Evidence from Islamic Commercial Bank
Authors: Humanita Salwa Nabella Aksi , Haryono Slamet , Putri Amila Zamzabila
Published: September 2024

Islamic banking's financial stability can improve efficiency and health and be able to withstand shocks originating from internal and external factors. This study analyzes the impact of risk, diversification, and inflation on the financial stability of Islamic banking. By using monthly time series data from 2018–2022, the analysis method used is multiple linear regression and moderate regression analysis (MRA) using the Eviews version 10 application. The results showed that the credit risk variable (NPF) has a significant negative relationship to financial stability (Z-Score). As well as the liquidity risk variable (FDR), financing diversification has a significant positive effect on the financial stability of Islamic banking (Z-Score). Macroeconomic variables (inflation) can strengthen the effect of financing diversification and weaken the effect of liquidity risk (FDR), but inflation cannot moderate the effect of credit risk (NPF) on the financial stability of Islamic banking (Z-Score). This study introduces a new theoretical approach to the conceptual relationship between variables. The findings can serve as a reference for monetary authorities in considering the impact of inflation in setting financial stability policies.
PIERCING LAW FOR MUSLIMS IN THE VIEWS OF AL-GHAZALI AND IBN HAJAR AL-HAITAMI
Authors: Nabilah Nafa , Thoha Anis Malik , Fattah Abdul , Haidar Putri Bayu , Syari'ah Atiris , Adib Ahmad Hidhir
Published: September 2024

This research aims to analyze the views of Islamic jurists on the use of piercing in a beautification context. The piercing phenomenon is widespread among Muslims, both men and women, in various Islamic countries. This research uses a qualitative type with a library research approach. This research methodology involves a comprehensive analysis of the views of various scholars and interpretations of verses from al-Qur’an, hadith, and fiqh books related to the topic of piercing in the context of religious law. From this research, the results showed that several scholars had different perspectives regarding this problem. Imam Ibnu Hajar al-Haitami considers piercing women's ears for jewelry purposes is permissible because it is part of 'urf (habit). However, al-Ghazali emphasized that piercing or self-harm and not permitted. There are prohibitions for men regarding piercing. Imam Ghazali and Ibn Hajar al-Haitami agree that nose piercing on women and men is forbidden because of the potential to cause painful wounds. Apart from that, making decorations in places other than ears is also prohibited because it can resemble the practices of infidels, wicked or immoral people. As a devout Muslim need to be careful and aware of the beautification jurisprudence so that it is under the principles and objectives of Islamic law.
Synsedimentary Compaction of Peat Under the Load of Alluvial System Sediments in the Most Basin (Czech Republic, Lower Miocene): From Weak Compaction to Strong Local Deformation of Clastics and Peat
Authors: Novotný Tomáš , Mach Karel
Published: September 2024

Alluvial systems affected by peat layer compaction of a variable degree are studied all over the world, especially in areas of large river deltas and coastal plains. Ordinarily studied Holocene peat accumulations do not reach thicknesses of more than 6–10 m. This paper documents four ancient alluvial systems affected by peat compaction during the Lower Miocene in large exposures of open-cast lignite mines within the Most Basin, Czech Republic. Field observations and the study of 3000 borehole sections showed a clear dependence of the thickness and composition of the underlying peat on the scale of the accommodation space for loading by younger alluvial sediments. If the underlying partly compacted peat was tens to hundreds of meters in thickness, significant deformations of the peat appeared during its loading, leading up to the formation of growth faults. In such cases, missing parts of the coal seams were also observed below the alluvial systems. Especially borehole data showed that a linear correlation exists between the thickness of the alluvial sediments and the maximum instantaneous available compaction capacity of the underlying peat.
Synthesis of Corrosion Inhibitors Based on (Thio)Urea, Orthophosphoric Acid and Formaldehyde and Their Inhibition Efficiency
Authors: Nomozov Abror , Beknazarov Khasan , Khodjamkulov Sakhomiddin , Misirov Zafar , Yuldashova Sarvinoz
Published: September 2024

في هذا البحث، يتم تحديد الظروف المثالية لتصنيع نوعين من مثبطات التآكل قليلة القسيمات، بولي ميثيلين دياميدوفوسفات (PDAF-1) وبولي ميثيلين ثيودياميدوفوسفات (PTAF-2)، استنادًا إلى مركبات مثل الثيوريا واليوريا وحمض الأرثوفوسفوريك المحتوي على النيتروجين والفوسفور. ، وكذلك يتم تحديد صيغها. في البداية، تم تصنيع (ثيو) ثنائي أميدوفوسفات - مثبط التآكل ذو العلامة التجارية PDAF-1 باستخدام اليوريا وحمض الأرثوفوسفوريك بنسبة 2:1 مول عند درجة حرارة 135-140 درجة مئوية. تم تصنيع النوع الثاني من مثبط التآكل بولي ميثيلين ثيودياميدوفوسفات (PTAF-2) بناءً على عملية التكثيف في بيئة مائية عند درجة حرارة 60 درجة مئوية، وذلك عن طريق إضافة الفورمالديهايد إلى هذا المركب الناتج بنسبة متكافئة 1:1 مول. المادة الناتجة هي مادة صلبة بيضاء، غير متطايرة، تكوين المكون الرئيسي هو 98.7٪، والمواد الأخرى - 1.3٪. قامت أطياف الأشعة تحت الحمراء بدراسة بنية هذين النوعين من مثبطات التآكل. كما تمت دراسة كفاءة تثبيط مثبطات التآكل هذه بالطرق الوزنية والكهروكيميائية في الوسائط المسببة للتآكل مثل حمض الهيدروكلوريك، H2SO4 وكلوريد الصوديوم = 3%. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، تم أيضًا دراسة العوامل المؤثرة على كفاءة التثبيط، مثل الرقم الهيدروجيني للمحلول، والمدة الزمنية، وتركيز المثبط. ووفقا للنتائج التي تم الحصول عليها، فإن كفاءة التثبيط لهذه مثبطات التآكل تتراوح بين 95.3 و 97.8٪. كما قام المجهر الإلكتروني بدراسة وتحليل آلية حماية مثبطات التآكل على سطح الفولاذ..
Record of Rare Eelgoby, Taenioides mordax (De Vis, 1883) in the Nareri Lagoon, Sindh, Northern Arabian Sea
Authors: Saleem Narmeen , Siyal Sarfaraz Aman , Panhwar Nadeem Ahmed , Panhwar Sher Khan
Published: September 2024

على مدى أكثر من خمسة عقود، ظلت سمكة القوبي الشائكة الشرقية، Taenioides mordax (De Vis, 1883)، متوطنة في المنطقة الممتدة من كيرنز إلى تاونفيل (كوينزلاند) ومن سيدني إلى نيوكاسل (نيو ساوث ويلز) في أستراليا. في هذا التقرير، تم جمع عينتين يبلغ طولهما الكلي 19.8 سم، ووزنهما 20.25 جرامًا، من بحيرة ناريري في بادين، السند. تم جمع العينات باستخدام شبكة صيد صغيرة محيطية تم نصبها طوال الليل في المياه الضحلة. الشكل العام للجسم مستطيل، خالٍ من القشور، مع عيون صغيرة، وفم متجه للأعلى مع أسنان كبيرة وحادة بعدد 12/10 على الفكين العلوي والسفلي على التوالي. الزعنفة الظهرية منفردة ومتصلة، والزعنفة الشرجية متصلة بالزعنفة الذيلية وتصل إلى الفتحة البطنية، والزعنفة الصدرية والحوضية قصيرتان. بشكل عام، شكل حجر الأذن (الساجيتا) مستطيل، والحافة ملساء، مع بروز واضح للمنقار، بينما الجزء المقابل للمنقار غير مميز. على الجانب الخلفي، يمكن رؤية أخدود واضح. الميزاب السمعي والفتحة الأمامية والخلفية غير مرئية. استنادًا إلى هذه الخصائص، تم تأكيد أن العينات هي من نوع سمكة القوبي الشائكة الشرقية. على حد علمنا، هذا هو أول تسجيل مؤكد لهذا النوع في العالم.
Computation of the Unreliable M^x / M /1 Model for Multiple Working Vacations Queuing System with Encouraged Arrivals
Authors: A Sujipriya , K Julia Rose Mary
Published: September 2024

تحلل هذه الورقة نظام قائمة الانتظار مع تشجيع الوافدين في ظل إجازات عمل متعددة وتعطل الخادم . يتبع هذا النموذج Mx / M / 1، حيث يصل العملاء على دفعات. يتبع الوصول عملية Poisson ويتم توزيع وقت الخدمة بشكل أسي. في هذا النظام يمكن أن تحدث أعطال في أي وقت وتؤثر على وقت خدمة الخادم. في هذا البحث تم تحليل النموذج باستخدام دالة توليد الاحتمالات. علاوة على ذلك ، تمت أيضًا مناقشة خاصية التحلل والحالات الخاصة.
Nickel Nanoparticles to Enhance Heavy Crude Oil Recovery in Sudan Oil Plant
Authors: S. Suliman M. , Yasin Sahl , Lal Basant
Published: September 2024

الهدف الأساسي لهذة الدراسة هو تحضير جسيمات النيكل النانوية باستخدام الطرق الكيميائية وذلك بإضافة كيميات مختلفة من الهيدرازين كمنتج للالكترونات بنسب مختلفة في وجود هيدروكسيد الصوديوم كمذيب وذلك لتحسين جودة النفط السوداني بانقاص اللزوجة وذيادة المركبات الخفيفة التي تساعد على الاشتعال.  تم تشخيص جسيمات النيكل النانوية باستخدام الاشعة السينية المشتتة و المجهر الالكترونى النفاذ فائق الدقة. ـ أظهرت النتائج بان جسيمات النيكل النانوية  التي تم تحضيرها نقية وكان متوسط حجم الجسيمات في المدى بين 50 الى 90 نانومتر مع اختلاف حجم الاشكال البلورية اعتمادا على كمية الهيدرزين المختلفة. وجد ان جسيمات النيكل الننوية المحضرة فعالة لانقاص اللزوجة  بنسبة 51% من المستوى 7128 الى  3495 على مقياس اللزوجة  بضبط درجة الحرارة الى 80 درجة مئوية وبجانب اخر نقصت الكثافة من 0.9514 الى 0.9416 على مقياس الكثافة بحانب زيادة المركبات الخفيفة التي تساعد على الاشتعال من 17.04 الى 18.59  بحوالي 9 %.
Outcome for the case (11,10; 1)
Authors: Jaber Waleed Khalid , Jasim Niran Sabah
Published: September 2024

خلال هذا العمل R هي حلقة ابدالية ذات 1،   هو مقاس R الحر و   هو جبر قوى القسمة من الدرجة  . التجزئة ذات الطول ℓ(l) = n هي السلسلة l = (l1, l2, …, ln) من الصحيحات غير السالبة وبترتيب غير متزايد  l1³ l2 ³  …³ ln > 0. وزن التجزئة l هو ÷l÷ = l1 + l2 + …+ ln.. المتسلسلة النسبية هي الزوج  من المتسلسلات بحيث انl  m £ ويرمز لها بالرمز   . اذا كان كلا من l و  تجزئة فان السلسلة النسبية   تسمى تجزئة منحرفة. ليكن   المولد الحر لجبر قوى القسمة  بمولد واحد. عنصر قوى القسمة  من الدرجة   للمولد الحر  يمثل في    بالاستقطاب المكاني من الدرجة    من المكان 1 الى المكان 2. التدرج الجبري   يمثل بتدرج المقاس , ، درجة المقسوم الثاني تعتبر التدرج. M هو مقاس A= الايسر المتدرج، حيث لكل   و ,  فانه لدينا    . البحث يدرس تمام تحلل وايل للمتسلسلة للحالة(11,10; 1)  بعد الحصول على التعاقد الهوموتوبي لـ { } ؛ حيث ، و عناصر تحلل المميز - الحر لها.
Artificial intelligence in the Russian regions
Authors: Varlamova J. A. , Korneychenko E. N.
Published: September 2024

Objective: to provide a comparative assessment of the use of artificial intelligence technologies by organizations in the context of Russian regions and to identify determinants of their dynamics.

   Methods: descriptive statistics, histogram, grouping, principal component method, panel data models.

   Results: an absolute trend of recent years is to study and implement artificial intelligence technologies in many economic, industrial processes and social life. The article analyzes the trends in the application of artificial intelligence technologies in the Russian regions. The comparative analysis of regions by the level and growth rate of artificial intelligence technologiesuse by organizations showed that the regions were heterogenous by the dynamics of this indicator in 2020-2022. The regions were divided into four groups: above average and below average level in Russia. Econometric modeling based on the method of principal components gave grounds to unite the determinants of the use of artificial intelligence technologies into four components. Panel data fixed-effects models showed a significant impact of the component, characterizing the state of human capital, the level of economic development, and innovation activity of organizations in the region.

   Scientific novelty: for the first time an attempt was made to provide a comparative analysis of Russian regions by the level of artificial intelligence technologies use by organizations and to find the determinants of its change.

   Practical significance: the heterogeneity of regions in terms of the artificial intelligence technologies use by organizations was substantiated, as well as a great impact of the specific characteristics of regions, which should be taken into account when building a national policy of artificial intelligence development.
State policy of Russia to promote youth employment under the modern challenges
Authors: Kirillova A. D. , Popov A. V.
Published: September 2024

Objective: to systematize and develop ideas about the improvement of the Russian state policy to promote youth employment.

   Methods: the work is based on the analysis of literature and normative-legal documents using general scientific methods of cognition.

   Results: the paper reveals the legal bases for the activities of Russian authorities in the field of promoting youth employment and developing labor market. It is shown that, despite the variety of measures, young people still face serious barriers to successful career starting and stable employment in general. The analysis summarizes the priority areas of action to overcome the most pressing problems, including: loose regulation of the status of a young specialist; limited statistics; low awareness of young people about the situation on the labor market; mismatch between the personnel produced and the current needs of the economy, etc. The conclusion emphasizes the importance to summarizing the accumulated experience and practical application of the most beneficial solutions, taking into account the specifics of the Russian labor market.

   Scientific novelty: the conducted research contributes to the development of theoretical and practical issues of promoting youth employment, including the deepening of ideas about the main barriers to stable employment and measures to overcome them.

   Practical significance: the study results can be used, first of all, in the practice of public administration at any level to improve the policy to promote youth employment.
Assessment and comparison of tourist potential and public ratings of regions for the regional tourist market development (by the example of Orel region)
Authors: Shmarkov M. S. , Shmarkova L. I.
Published: September 2024

Objective: to develop and test the method of estimating a tourism potential of regions, the method of comparing them with public ratings of regions; to diagnose problem areas of management when forming the regional market of tourist services and justify recommendations for its development.

   Methods: general scientific and general logical methods, analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization; statistical and correlation analysis.

   Results: the paper presents the author’s method of constructing summary estimates of the regions’ tourism potential, integrating official statistical indicators. Due to the introduction of dimensionless relative values, the difficulties of accounting for different-sized indicators were resolved. The obtained estimates were used to form an objective idea of the strength of the regions’ tourism potential, to compare them, to assess the opportunities and determine the prospects for tourism development in the region. Since one of the obstacles in solving this task is low public ratings, it is important to be able to compare them with objective assessments. For this purpose, we have developed and tested a method of comparing the summary estimates of the regions’ tourism potential with their ratings, in particular, with the values of the National Tourism Rating – 2022. As a result, by the example of Orel region, the disproportions were revealed that indicate the inefficient use of the region’s tourism potential. Based on the analysis of the regional strategies implementation, programs and practices of tourism organization and problem areas of management, recommendations are formulated, the implementation of which guarantees the economic development of the region and tourism sphere.

   Scientific novelty: the method of constructing summary estimates of the regions’ tourism potential is developed; the method of comparing the summary estimates of tourism potential with public ratings of regions is proposed and tested. The disproportions in assessments and ratings are substantiated quantitatively. The problem areas of management in the formation of the regional tourist services market are diagnosed; recommendations for its development are given.

   Practical significance: the study results can be used by business entities and authorities to formulate strategies and programs of regional development; the presented method of comparing the tourism potential and ratings of regions can be used in scientific, pedagogical and research activities.
Introduction of a guaranteed basic income as a probable consequence of intellctual automation of labor
Authors: Filipova I. A. , Steshina O. M.
Published: September 2024

Objective: to form a holistic view of the unconditional basic income as a tool of social protection, taking into account the changes in the labor sphere and allowing to solve a number of growing problems associated with the consequences of the economy digitalization, as well as to assess the prospects of creating legal regulation on this issue.

   Methods: the study was conducted using both general and specific scientific methods, including analysis and synthesis, formal-legal method, systemic and comparative approaches, methods of legal forecasting and legal modeling.

   Results: unconditional basic income can become one of the elements of a new model of social security based on the unstable nature of labor relations, which begins to prevail over the model of sustainable employment traditional for industrial society. If established, this institution will be cross-sectoral within the labor law and social security law, providing social protection simultaneously to all members of society, most of whom in the near future will face an increased risk of being absorbed by technological unemployment. Unconditional basic income as an element of the social protection system will have to comply with the principle of the universal nature of protection based on social solidarity, on the one hand, and to take into account the need to balance the interests of the parties, on the other hand. As experimental models of basic income, which can be put into practice in the coming years, we can name the model of basic income as a measure of social support for persons involved in atypical forms of employment. This model will affect a number of existing provisions of labor legislation and will allow over time, in case of technological unemployment, to expand the circle of unconditional basic income recipients to all people.

   Scientific novelty: it consists in the fact that the unconditional basic income is analyzed from the viewpoint of its compliance with the fundamental principles of labor, employment, and social security.

   Practical significance: it consists in revealing the significance of basic income for the implementation of social policy and in forming recommendations for modeling experiments to introduce the unconditional basic income in the Russian Federation.
Investigating the Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination of Iron, Zinc, Iead, Cadmium, Chromium, Arsenic and Nickel in Falling Dust of Tehran Metropolis, Iran
Authors: Sedeh Faranak Motamedi , Shakarami Zahra , Karimi Akram , Rezaei Hamid , Mortazavi Samar , Ostad-Ali-Askari Kaveh
Published: September 2024

Nowadays, the development of transportation industry and urban traffic has resulted in soil, water and air pollution. Tehran is also one of the polluted cities. In this air, heavy metals such as iron, zinc, lead, cadmium, chromium, arsenic and nickel enter the human body system through inhalation, leading to problems for citizens. The use of falling dust is known to be a suitable and effective method for monitoring and measuring air pollution. Therefore, in this study, the amount of heavy metals Fe, Cd, Cr, As, Ni, Pb, and Zn was measured in each of the 22 districts of Tehran to evaluate the amount of contamination. For this purpose, 88 sampling points were considered in the entire city. Sampling was done in three months of winter 1400. Samples of surface dust were collected using pen brushes from the side of the main streets. Then, after preparing the samples (including drying, powdering and digesting), the concentration of the desired heavy metals was measured using an ICP-MS device. Then the indices of enrichment factor (EF), contamination factor (CF) and Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo) were calculated. Finally, the results obtained from the concentration of the studied metals were used to present the spatial pattern of the concentration of heavy metals using GIS software and inverse distance weighting (IDW) technique. The results showed that the highest concentration of all types of metals belongs to the central, south and southeast parts of Tehran. Also, among different elements, iron and then chromium have the highest average amount of pollution.
Multiomics Reveals Alterations in the Gut Microbiome, Host Proteins, and Host Metabolites Correlating with SADS-CoV Pathogenicity and the Immune Response in Piglets
Authors: Tang Xiaoyu , Li Chenyu , Sun Jingshuai , Li Qianniu , Sun Yuan , Lan Tian , Ma Jingyun
Published: September 2024

SADS-CoV, a coronavirus, is known to induce swine acute diarrhea syndrome. To explore the differences and commonalities in the pathogenesis mechanisms between highly pathogenic and low-pathogenic strains of SADS-CoV, we conducted an integrated analysis comprising proteomics, metabolomics, and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) analysis, along with 16S rRNA sequencing of intestinal mucosa and fecal samples from piglets infected with SADS-CoV P7 (highly pathogenic)or SADS-CoV P83༈low-pathogenic༉. Additionally, we examined molecular events linked to potential pathogenicity and host immune responses subsequent to correlational analysis of diverse omics data. In the SADS-CoV P7-infected group, the abundance of unidentified members of the family Enterobacteriaceae was markedly greater than in either the control group or the SADS-CoV P83-infected group in the ileum mucosa and feces. The concentration of SCFAs was significantly lower in SADS-CoV P7-infected pigs than in SADS-CoV P83-infected pigs, and SCFA levels were negatively correlated with the abundance of Enterobacteriaceae and the abundance of the species Escherichia coli in the ileum mucosa. Compared to those in the SADS-CoV P83 group, the differentially expressed proteins in the SADS-CoV P7 group were predominantly linked to extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interactions and focal adhesion pathways. Following SADS-CoV P7 infection, there was an increase in both the adhesion force and the number of Escherichia coli O157 adherent to IPEC-J2 cells. Moreover, SADS-CoV P7 can modulate the adhesion of E. coli O157 to IPEC-J2 cells by regulating the expression of the ECM-related protein integrin alpha5 (ITGA5), suggesting that ITGA5 plays a pivotal role in the invasion of E. coli O157 into intestinal epithelial cells during SADS-CoV infection. A correlation exists among the multiomics profiles of the small intestinal mucosa and feces of piglets following infection with various generations of SADS-CoV. Understanding this correlation can help us better prevent the virus from harming piglets.
Trinitroglycerine-loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles Attenuate Renal Ischemia- Reperfusion Injury by Modulating Oxidative Stress
Authors: Karimi Zeinab , Asadi Khatereh , Ghahramani Pooran , Gholami Ahmad
Published: September 2024

Background: Renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common clinical factor for acute kidney injury (AKI). A current study investigated the renoprotective effects of the trinitroglycerine (TNG) combination with chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) on renal I/R-induced AKI.
Methods: Rats were randomly assigned to five groups (n=8/group): Sham, I/R, TNG (50 mg/kg) + I/R, CNPs (60 mg/kg) + I/R, and TNG-CNPs + I/R. Bilateral renal pedicles were occluded for 60 minutes to induce ischemia. TNG, CNPs, or TNG-CNPs were administered intraperitoneally 30 minutes before renal ischemia. After 24 hours of reperfusion, blood samples were collected, and both kidneys were removed. The left kidney was used for oxidative stress analysis. The right kidney was preserved in 10% formalin for histopathological examination via H&E staining.
Result: After renal I/R injury, plasma creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) significantly increased in rats. Total oxidative stress (TOS) levels were also significantly higher in the I/R group, whereas total antioxidative capacity (TAC) was reduced. Histopathological examination revealed damage in the kidneys of rats in the I/R group. Pretreatment with the TNG-CNP formulation before I/R increased plasma and tissue TAC levels in rats. It also corrected the renal histopathological changes and functional disorders induced by I/R injury, as evidenced by reduced Cr and BUN, increased GFR, and attenuated oxidative stress.
Conclusion: The results suggest that the TNG-CNP combination provides renoprotective effects against I/R-induced AKI by improving antioxidant status and minimizing renal injury.
Paradigm Shift: Outcomes from a Physician-Scientist Undergraduate Pipeline Program
Authors: Jones Alana C , McCaw Tyler R , Seay Randy L , Sims Brian , Lorenz Robin G
Published: September 2024

Diverse medical and research teams are essential to culturally-responsive care and robust progress of biomedical research. However, structural inequities stymie the entry of trainees from underrepresented in medicine (URiM) backgrounds into the physician-scientist pipeline. The Preparation for Graduate and Medical Education (PARAdiGM) program was designed to provide students from underrepresented backgrounds early exposure to physician-scientist training in the context of ample mentorship and programmatic support. By emphasizing research experience, career exposure, presentation skills, mentorship, and application assistance, PARAdiGM is an incipient experience priming this student group to pursue careers in academic medicine. Since its establishment in 2014, PARAdiGM is already increasing entry of URiM students into the physician-scientist pipeline. Encouragingly, the majority of PARAdiGM alumni have matriculated into US medical schools, of which 16% are currently enrolled in MD-PhD programs. Early outcomes from PARAdiGM suggest that an immersive framework, longitudinal mentoring, and opportunity for self-growth should be incorporated into URiM pipeline programs on a larger scale. In these ways, helping students to envision themselves as members of the physician-scientist community is a step toward breaking down the barriers currently limiting URiM entry into academic medicine.
WITHDRAWN: Study on accumulation deformation characteristics of silty clay based on dynamic triaxial tests
Authors: Chen Guoqiang , Yang Wenjie , Pan Yuangui , Zheng Yuchao , Zhang Huijian , Shao Shiyou , Lu Feng , Yang Chuhan , Guo Leilei
Published: September 2024

Silty clay exhibits complex and significant deformation behavior under cyclic loading. This study systematically investigates the cumulative deformation characteristics of silty clay under varying moisture content, confining pressure, and cyclic stress ratio (CSR) using the GDS dynamic triaxial loading system. Through dynamic triaxial tests, the deformation patterns of silty clay under different conditions and the influencing factors were investigated. The results indicate that silty clay shows significant cumulative deformation characteristics under cyclic loading, where the rate of cumulative deformation decreases with increasing cycles until it eventually stabilizes. Moreover, moisture content, confining pressure, and CSR significantly impact the cumulative deformation of silty clay. Increases in moisture content, confining pressure, and CSR result in greater cumulative deformation. Specifically, a 50% increase in CSR results in a cumulative strain increment three times that caused by moisture content, whereas a 100% increase in moisture content yields a cumulative strain increment approximately four times greater than that caused by confining pressure. Additionally, after more than 1000 cycles, the cumulative deformation curve exhibits a distinct linear trend. This study offers essential experimental data and theoretical support for comprehending the cumulative deformation characteristics of silty clay under cyclic loading.
Misuse of dexamethasone for cosmetic purposes boosts hyperthyroidism and hepatotoxicity in albino rats
Authors: Ahmad Fatima Yousif , Abdrabo Abdelkarim Abobakr , Ahmed Omaima Ali Mohamed , Ahmed Samia Mahdi , Abdulbadie Ahmed , Eltahir Zakaria , Ismail Amar Mohamed
Published: September 2024

Background. The use of dexamethasone (Dex) for cosmetic purposes, particularly for skin lighting, is widespread and is associated with a high incidence of skin cancer in several populations. Objective. This study aimed to investigate the misuse of dex for skin whitening, particularly its influence on thyroid, liver, and kidney function in female albino rats.
Methods. This study included 36 female albino rats weighing 140–162 g divided into two experiments of three groups each. Experiment 1: Group I received a placebo. Groups II and III were administered low and high doses of dex (8.3µg/kg/day and 24.9µg/kg/day) for 30 days. Experiment 2: Groups were treated with the same doses for 60 days. Thyroid function, liver enzyme activity, and renal function were measured using ELISA. Liver and kidney sections were fixed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E).
Results. Groups treated with high and low doses of dex showed a significant increase in T3, T4, AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, creatinine, and urea levels than the control. In contrast, TSH levels were significantly decreased compared to those in the control (P <0.05). The kidney sections showed ghost glomeruli and partially necrotic tubular cells with chronic inflammation following both doses, and the liver revealed binucleated cells, infiltration, and focal necrotic cells compared with the control.
Conclusion.The misuse of dex for cosmetic purposes influences hyperthyroidism, hepatotoxicity, and renal impairment with dose- and duration-dependent.
Research on the Impact of Mutual Elderly Care on the Physical and Mental Health of Rural Elderly--An Empirical Study Based on the Propensity Score Matching Method (PSM)
Authors: LIU Jialiang , LIU xiaohan , LIU Guangyao , HU Bin
Published: September 2024

To study the impact of mutual care on the physical and mental health of rural elderly, and provide countermeasures and suggestions for the long-term development of mutual care.
METHODS: Data from the 2018 China Health and Aged Care Tracking Survey (CHARLS) were selected from 8,369 elderly people aged ≥60 years old, and propensity score matching (PSM) was carried out using STATA (MP17) software using nearest-neighbor matching, kernel matching, and radius matching, and then heterogeneity was used to analyze the mean effect values among different populations.
RESULTS: The results of propensity score matching PSM showed that participation in mutual care had a significant positive effect on the mental health of the rural elderly, with a net effect of 0.020~0.027, and a significant negative effect on the physical health of the rural elderly, with a net effect of -0.029~-0.030. Heterogeneity analyses showed that participation in mutual care had no significant effect on the physical and mental health of the rural elderly who did not suffer from chronic diseases. Physical and mental health does not have a significant effect. The net effect is -0.06031 to -0.035, and the net effect is 0.029 to 0.030.
Conclusion: the rate of rural elderly people's participation in mutual aid is low, and participation in mutual aid has different degrees of influence on the physical and mental health of rural elderly people, and different characteristics of rural elderly people's participation in mutual aid have different degrees of influence on their physical and mental health.
Dynamic Mortality Prediction in Critically Ill Children during Inter-hospital Transports to PICUs Using Explainable AI
Authors: HUO ZHIQIANG , Booth John , Monks Thomas , Knight Philip , Watson Liam , Peters Mark , Pagel Christina , Ramnarayan Padmanabhan , Li Kezhi
Published: September 2024

Critically ill children who require inter-hospital transfers to Paediatric Intensive Care Units (PICUs) are sicker than other admissions and have higher mortality rates. Accurate identification of severely ill patients at risk of high mortality is crucial throughout the transport episode, with the potential to inform interventions and post-transport medical resource allocation. Current practice primarily relies on early clinical assessments within the initial hours of transport. Real-time mortality risk during transport is lacking due to the absence of data-driven assessment tools. Addressing this gap, our research introduces PROMPT (Patient-centred Real-time Outcome monitoring and Mortality PredicTion), an explainable end-to-end machine learning pipeline designed to forecast 30-day mortality in transported critically ill children. PROMPT integrates continuous time-series vital signs and medical records with episode-specific transport data to provide real-time mortality prediction. Our study collected data during inter-hospital transports of critically ill children between January 2016 and May 2021. The results demonstrated that with PROMPT, both the random forest model and logistic regression models achieved the best performance with AUROC 0.83 (95% CI: 0.79–0.86) and 0.81 (95% CI: 0.76-0.85), respectively. Employing SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) for its interpretation, the model not only explains individual risk factors for outcome, but also visualises dynamic risk assessment throughout the transport episode. In conclusion, the proposed model has demonstrated proof-of-principle in predicting mortality risk in transported children and providing individual-level model interpretability during inter-hospital transports.