bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Farklı Disiplinlerle İlişkilendirilerek İşlenen Matematik Derslerinin Motivasyon, Tutum ve Kaygı Üzerine Etkileri
Authors: İlgün Şevket , Özcan Bülent Nuri
Published: December 2024

Bu araştırmada ilkokul üçüncü sınıf matematik dersinde farklı disiplinlerle ilişkilendirilmiş ders etkinliklerinin öğrencilerin matematiğe yönelik kaygılarına, matematik dersi motivasyonlarına ve matematiğe yönelik tutumlarına nasıl etki ettiği ortaya çıkarılmak istenmiştir. Araştırmada nitel bir araştırma deseni olan eylem araştırması kullanılmıştır. Bu araştırma var olan durumların iyileştirilmesi veya sorunlu durumların giderilmesine yönelik uygulanan bir araştırma desendir. Araştırmada kolay ulaşılabilir durum örneklemesi yöntemi ile Manisa ilinin bir ilçe merkezinde bulunan bir ilkokulun üçüncü sınıfındaki 17 öğrenci belirlenmiştir. Veri toplama araçlarını; “İlkokul Çocukları için Matematik Kaygı Ölçeği”, “İlkokul üçüncü ve dördüncü Sınıf Öğrencileri İçin Matematik Dersi Motivasyon Ölçeği”, “Uyarlanan Matematiğe Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği Kısa Formu”, öğrenci günlükleri, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formları ve gözlem notları oluşturmaktadır. Nicel verilerin çözümlenmesinde Wilcoxon testi; görüşme, günlük ve gözlem notlarından elde edilen verilerin çözümlenmesinde ise betimsel analiz kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analizler ile farklı disiplinlerle ilişkilendirilmiş matematik ders etkinlikleri ile yürütülen öğretim sürecinin öğrencilerin matematiğe yönelik kaygılarını azalttığı, öğrencilerin matematik dersi motivasyonlarını arttırdığı ve matematiğe karşı tutumlarını olumlu etkilediği ortaya konulmuştur.
Đánh giá kết quả điều trị của những bệnh nhân có nguy cơ tử vong cao so với nguy cơ tử vong không cao theo thang điểm SORT năm 2023 tại Bệnh viện Đại học Y Hà Nội
Authors: Bằng Nguyễn Lương , Hải Nguyễn Hoàng , Phương Vũ Hoàng
Published: December 2024

Chúng tôi tiến hành nghiên cứu nhằm đánh giá kết quả điều trị sau phẫu thuật lớn ở những bệnh nhân có nguy cơ tử vong cao theo thang điểm SORT (Surgical Outcome Risk Tool). Phương pháp nghiên cứu mô tả, tiến cứu trên 243 bệnh nhân sau phẫu thuật tại khoa Gây mê hồi sức và chống đau - Bệnh viện Đại học Y Hà Nội, từ tháng 3/2023 đến tháng 8/2023, đánh giá tỷ lệ tử vong, tỷ lệ mắc các biến chứng sau mổ, tỷ lệ bệnh nhân nằm hồi sức sau mổ, thời gian nằm viện, thời gian nằm hồi sức của nhóm bệnh nhân có nguy cơ tử vong cao theo thang điểm SORT. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy nhóm bệnh nhân có nguy cơ tử vong cao theo thang điểm SORT (SORT ≥ 4%) có tỷ lệ tử vong 25%, cao hơn so với cả quần thể nghiên cứu; tỷ lệ mắc biến chứng sau mổ như viêm phổi (47,7%), suy hô hấp (52,3%), ARDS (20,5%) và chảy máu sau phẫu thuật (52,3%) tương ứng cao hơn so với cả quần thể nghiên cứu; thời gian nằm hồi sức trung bình là 6,5 ngày, dài hơn so với cả quần thể nghiên cứu.
U máu trong cơ ở trẻ em: Báo cáo ca bệnh hiếm gặp
Authors: Dung Nguyễn Thị , Thuý Nguyễn Thị Diệu , Hà Nguyễn Thị , Đức Hoàng Văn , Trang Ngô Thị Huyền , Dương Phạm Văn , Liên Lương Thị , Mạnh Trần Duy , Anh Trần Vân
Published: December 2024

U máu trong cơ (IMH) là khối u máu lành tính được phát hiện trong cơ xương. Đây là một tổn thương hiếm gặp nếu xét đến toàn bộ các loại u máu lành tính. Watson và McCarthy ước tính rằng IMH chỉ chiếm 0,8% trong số tất cả các khối u máu lành tính. Nhiều trong số những tổn thương này được coi là khối u bẩm sinh từ từ gây ra các triệu chứng. Mặc dù bất kỳ cơ nào cũng có thể bị ảnh hưởng, nhưng hầu hết các khối u máu trong cơ đều nằm ở chi dưới, đặc biệt là các cơ đùi và rất hiếm gặp ở chi trên. Đau mạn tính và sờ thấy khối u là những triệu chứng phổ biến nhất. Do các đặc điểm lâm sàng không điển hình của bệnh, nên chẩn đoán chính xác rất khó khăn. Chúng tôi báo cáo một trẻ nữ 16 tháng tuổi có đau và hạn chế vận động khớp háng phải. Chẩn đoán hình ảnh cho thấy hình ảnh tổn thương đặc xương không đều xương cánh chậu bên phải, có mất liên tục vỏ xương, thâm nhiễm vào cấu trúc cơ thắt lưng chậu, cơ mông bé bên phải. Kết quả giải phẫu bệnh của vùng cơ tổn thương được xác định là u máu tuýp mao mạch. Bệnh nhân được điều trị giảm đau, phối hợp với tập phục hồi chức năng. Điều này giúp cho bệnh nhân có được dáng đi, tư thế đúng, tăng tầm vận động khớp háng và bảo tồn tầm vận động khớp gối, cổ chân phải.
Mối tương quan giữa đặc điểm lâm sàng với hình ảnh điện sinh lý thần kinh trong tổn thương thần kinh trụ đơn độc
Authors: Hướng Nguyễn Văn , Tuấn Lê Bá , Hiền Nguyễn Thị , Đan Nguyễn Văn , Mai Nguyễn Thị Quỳnh , Định Nguyễn Thị
Published: December 2024

Nghiên cứu của chúng tôi được thực hiện với mục đích mô tả các đặc điểm lâm sàng và điện sinh lý thần kinh trong tổn thương thần kinh trụ đơn độc. Từ đó, phân tích mối liên quan giữa các đặc điểm lâm sàng với điện sinh lý thần kinh trong tổn thương dây thần kinh trụ đơn độc. Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 37 cánh tay bị bệnh của 32 người bệnh được chẩn đoán xác định tổn thương thần kinh trụ tại Bệnh viện Đại học Y Hà Nội và Bệnh viện Hữu Nghị từ tháng 7/20221 đến tháng 8/2022. Độ tuổi trung bình đối tượng nghiên cứu là 46,0 ± 16,2 (tuổi), chủ yếu là nam giới (65,6%), thời gian mắc bệnh trung bệnh 5,84 ± 8,06 (tháng), bệnh hay gặp nhất ở nhóm nghề nghiệp lao động chân tay (62,5%). Vị trí tổn thương hay gặp là tại rãnh thần kinh trụ với 24/37 trường hợp (64,9%). Theo phân loại Padua, mức độ tổn thương trên điện sinh lý hay gặp ở các nhóm rất nhẹ (32,4%), trung bình (29,7%) và nhóm nặng (29,7%). Có mối liên quan giữa mức độ tổn thương trên lâm sàng theo phân loại McGowan và phân độ điện sinh lý theo Padua với p < 0,001. Có sự liên quan rõ rệt giữa điểm trung bình DASH với phân độ điện sinh lý (p < 0,01). Có mối tương quan đồng biến giữa điểm trung bình DASH với phân độ điện sinh lý (mức độ tương quan cao với r = 0,612, p < 0,05).
Báo cáo ca bệnh hạ natri máu do nhiễm giun lươn ở bệnh nhân suy thượng thận do thuốc
Authors: Linh Nông Thuỳ , Hương Nguyễn Thị Thanh
Published: December 2024

Hạ Natri máu do hội chứng tiết hormon chống bài niệu không phù hợp ( SIADH) liên quan đến nhiễm giun lươn là trường hợp hiếm gặp. Cơ chế gây bệnh chưa rõ ràng. Trong bài báo này, chúng tôi báo cáo trường hợp bệnh nhân nam 51 tuổi vào viện vì buồn nôn, mệt mỏi. Qua khám lâm sàng, xét nghiệm, chúng tôi phát hiện bệnh nhân hạ natri máu nặng do hội chứng SIADH. Tìm các nguyên nhân gây bệnh, xét nghiệm phân và máu cho kết quả bệnh nhân nhiễm giun lươn. Điều trị giun lươn giúp cải thiện tình trạng hạ natri máu.
Hiệu quả của một số phương pháp dịch chuyển sự chú ý lên sự hợp tác của trẻ em trước gây mê tại Bệnh viện Đại học Y Hà Nội
Authors: Trang Đào Thị Huyền , Minh Phạm Quang , Võ Lưu Xuân , Hà Nguyễn Thị Thu , Đức Trần Hồng , Linh Nguyễn Thị , Phương Vũ Hoàng , Tú Nguyễn Hữu
Published: December 2024

Gây mê hồi sức cho trẻ em luôn là một thách thức lớn với các bác sỹ. Sau phẫu thuật trẻ em có nguy cơ gặp các biến chứng liên quan đến sức khoẻ tâm thần, các biến chứng này có thể dẫn đến rối loạn tâm lý kéo dài. Nghiên cứu mô tả tiến cứu được tiến hành trên 50 trẻ em được chỉ định phẫu thuật khe hở môi vòm. Các trẻ này được chăm sóc theo một phần của chương trình “tăng cường hồi phục sau phẫu thuật” với trọng tâm là cho trẻ uống dung dịch giàu carbonhydrate và sử dụng các biện pháp dịch chuyển sự chú ý trước phẫu thuật như khuyến khích trẻ tự tìm hiểu các thông tin hay hướng dẫn gia đình tương tác với trẻ... Kết quả thu được rất khả quan, 100% trẻ hợp tác khi vào phòng mổ, 90% trẻ hợp tác với kíp gây mê. Kết luận: một số phương pháp dịch chuyển sự chú ý làm tăng sự hợp tác của trẻ, các phương pháp này bước đầu mang lại hiệu quả tốt, an toàn và nên được áp dụng rộng rãi cho trẻ em trước khi gây mê phẫu thuật theo chương trình.
Báo cáo 5 trường hợp viêm não hệ viền do kháng thể kháng LGI1
Authors: Thuỷ Lê Văn , Phúc Phan Duy , Ngọc Lê Thị , Hiền Nguyễn Thị
Published: December 2024

Chúng tôi mô tả 5 trường hợp lâm sàng viêm não hệ viền do kháng thể kháng LGI1 được chẩn đoán và điều trị tại Bệnh viện Đại học Y Hà Nội trong 2 năm 2023 và 2024, gồm 4 nữ và 1 nam, trong độ tuổi từ 26 đến 75, nhập viện với các chẩn đoán ban đầu khác nhau như rối loạn tâm thần, co giật phân ly... Triệu chứng quan trọng để hướng tới chẩn đoán lâm sàng viêm não hệ viền trong các ca bệnh này là các cơn co giật cục bộ với tư thế loạn trương lực ở vùng tay - mặt kèm suy giảm nhận thức tiến triển nhanh. Tất cả các ca bệnh đều cho đáp ứng tốt với corticoid liều cao nhưng có thể tái phát khi giảm liều. Các thuốc ức chế miễn dịch hàng thứ hai như mycophenolat mofetyl và rituximab có hiệu quả trong điều trị dự phòng tái phát bệnh ở những trường hợp này.
Thiết lập và ứng dụng giá trị thay đổi tham chiếu của hsTNT trong phê duyệt kết quả tự động
Authors: Tuệ Nguyễn Trọng , Nga Lê Hoàng Bích , Dung Hà Thị Phương
Published: December 2024

Kiểm tra RCV-delta là phương pháp kiểm soát chất lượng dựa vào so sánh sự khác biệt giữa hai kết quả liên tiếp của cùng một người bệnh có vượt quá giá trị thay đổi tham chiếu (Reference change value- RCV) được xác định trước hay không. Nghiên cứu ước tính giá trị RCV của Troponin T high sensitive (TnT hs) trên máy phân tích Cobas 8000/e801 tại khu A2, Khoa xét nghiệm Bệnh viện đại học y Hà Nội là 44,37% theo hướng dẫn CLSI EP33. Xác nhận giới hạn thiết lập thông qua hệ thống xác minh tự động (LIS) với thuật toán kiểm tra RCV-delta theo hướng dẫn của CLSI Auto 10-A. Trong 1501 kết quả TnT hs được đưa vào xác minh, 1276 (85%) kết quả được chấp nhận qua bước kiểm tra RCV-delta, 225 (15%) không vượt qua và cần thêm bước xác minh thủ công, phát hiện 3 (0,2%) kết quả sai lỗi phân tích - dương tính thật. Kết luận: Ứng dụng kiểm tra RCV-delta bằng hệ thống xác minh tự động trong báo cáo kết quả xét nghiệm TnT hs tại Bệnh viện đại học y Hà Nội có thể giải phóng 85% kết quả mà không cần giữ lại để xác minh thủ công như quy trình hiện tại.
Nghiên cứu tổng quan về dự báo đợt cấp bệnh phổi tắc nghẽn mạn tính
Authors: Hạnh Bùi Mỹ , Ngân Vương Thị , Xuyến Hoàng Thị Hồng
Published: December 2024

Ứng dụng máy học dự báo đợt cấp bệnh phổi tắc nghẽn mạn tính (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease - COPD) là một xu thế tất yếu, có khả năng cách mạng hóa việc khám, điều trị, quản lý bệnh bằng cách cho phép phát hiện sớm, can thiệp cá nhân hóa, tối ưu hóa nguồn lực và trao quyền cho người bệnh. Nghiên cứu nhằm mục tiêu tổng quan các mô hình sẵn có về dự báo đợt cấp COPD từ cơ sở dữ liệu Pubmed theo hướng dẫn PRISMA. Kết quả đã xác định được 9/928 bài báo đáp ứng đầy đủ các tiêu chí lựa chọn, bao gồm: 7 quan sát hồi cứu đa trung tâm, 1 quan sát tiến cứu đơn trung tâm và 1 thử nghiệm lâm sàng đơn trung tâm. 117 yếu tố nguy cơ được đưa vào các mô hình dự báo, trong đó tuổi và giới xuất hiện phổ biến nhất (9/9 lần). Các mô hình có diện tích dưới đường cong (AUC) dao động từ 0,681 đến trên 0,9 với 3 mô hình có hiệu suất cao nhất lần lượt là Random Forest (> 0,9), Support Vector Machine (0,9) và Extreme Gradient Boosting (0,86) cần được ứng dụng, tiếp tục xây dựng và phát triển trên bộ dữ liệu của người Việt Nam.
الظواهر الطبيعية بين العلم والدين
Authors: Nefise Mahmud
Published: December 2024

ظهرت مع مطلع القرن العشرين بوادر نهضة فكرية اجتماعية في العالم الإسلامي تزامنت مع الاتصال بالحضارة الغربية، وأعيد السؤال حول العلاقة بين الدين والعلم، هل هي علاقة صراع أم تكامل، وبدأت مرحلة جديدة تم التأكيد فيها على توافق العلم التجريبي مع الدين، وأعيد النظر في بعض العقائد في ضوء العلوم التجريبية في محاولة لإسقاط النص على مخرجات العلوم التجريبية ونظرياته، واستمرت المبالغة في هذا الأمر إلى أن برزت ظاهرة الإعجاز العلمي في القرآن الكريم. وتتمثل إشكالية الدراسة في بيان مدى علاقة القرآن بالعلوم التجريبية، وإمكانية اعتباره مصدراً لها، وتهدف إلى معالجة قضية العلاقة بين الدين والعلم وإثارة عدة تساؤلات حول إمكانية اشتراك الدين والعلم التجريبي في تقديم تفسير للظواهر الطبيعية، وكيف أسهمت النظريات العلمية في إعادة قراءة النص الديني وبروز ظاهرة الإعجاز العلمي للقرآن، واعتمدت في هذه الدراسة على المنهج التحليلي الوصفي النقدي، من خلال تحليل التفسيرات المتعددة للظواهر الطبيعية والمصادر التي استندت إليها، تمهيداً لتحديد قيمتها الحقيقية، والوقوف على جوانب القصور فيها، وإمكانية اقتراح البدائل المناسبة.
تضمن هذا البحث أربعة مباحث هي، المبحث الأول: موقع الدين والعلم في نظرية المعرفة، وبحثت فيه المقصود بكل من العلم والدين في نطاق البحث، والمبحث الثاني: أزمة العلاقة بين الدين والعلم، وبحثت فيه العلاقة بين الدين والعلم في العصر الحديث، وموقف الإسلام من العلوم التجريبية، أما المبحث الثالث فقد دار حول إعادة قراءة النص الديني في ضوء العلوم التجريبية في علم الكلام الجديد، ودرست فيه الموقف من المعجزات الحسية ونظرية التطور في ضوء العلم الحديث ومحاولات القراءة التوفيقية للنص الديني في ضوء العلوم التجريبية، وفي المبحث الرابع تم تناول أزمة الإعجاز العلمي للقرآن الكريم في العقود الأخيرة من القرن الماضي، ثم ختمت البحث بذكر النتائج التي تم التوصل إليها، ومن أهمها:
١. إن النظر إلى التفسيرات الدينية على أنها تفسيرات يمكن الاستغناء عنها ببساطة متى أمكن تفسير الظواهر الطبيعة عن طريق العلم التجريبي، خطأ ناتج عن عدم فهم العلاقة بين الدين والعلوم التجريبية.
٢. إن مشكلة التعارض بين الدين والعلم نشأت في أوروبا بعيداً عن الجو الإسلامي، ولكن التعاطي مع هذه القضية، كما ظهر في المجتمع الإسلامي، يمكن أن يؤدي إلى أزمات مشابهة لما حدث في أوربا.
٣. إن محاولات قراءة النص الديني في ضوء العلوم الحديثة، كما تجلى في مسألتي المعجزات ونظرية التطور، جعل النص تابعاً للعلم وساعياً لأخذ تأييد منه، في حين أن للدين شأناً آخر.
٤. إن ظاهرة الإعجاز العلمي تشكل أزمة حقيقية في العلاقة بين الدين والعلم وهي في كثير من صورها، ظاهرة إيديولوجية تأباها الموضوعية والإنصاف.
Evolutionary analysis of the transformation of ethical approaches in economic science
Authors: Komarova Oxana , Kuklinova Polina
Published: December 2024

Since the emergence of the first economic views, economic theory has been associated with ethics and reliance on ethical principles of behavior. In the process of historical development, there is a constant change in ethical interpretations in the consideration of economic relations. The development of economic theory in the twentieth century within the framework of Western scientific trends of neoinstitutionalism, neoclassical and neoliberal economic thought, Keynesian theory, behavioral economic theory, etc. led to the rejection of moral and ethical assessments of economic behavior, which in turn leads to the need to fill the expediency of economic activity and the formation of target guidelines, replacing universal values with a monetary assessment of the latter. In modern conditions, the formation of the ethical basis of economic science is becoming more relevant. The purpose of the work is to study the transformation of ethical concepts of economic science and identify the stages of transformation of ethical principles in economic science. The methodological basis of the study is presented by the evolutionary approach using the methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison and generalization of the ethical content of the concepts of economic science. The analysis of the content of the stages of transformation of the ethical content of economic science is a progressive development of economic science aimed at substantiating the mechanisms of economic choice, acquiring the mechanistic nature of the analysis and weakening the influence of ethical norms and rules. The study identifies six stages of transformation of ethical concepts in economic science: ethics as the basis of economic relations; ethics of individual categories and mechanisms, ethics of means of economic choice, ethics of rational economic behavior, ethics of the Soviet economic model, the modern stage. The presented evolutionary model shows the movement of economic science and its relationship with the interpretation of the content of economic relations and their goal-setting, which allows us to see the formation of public demand for the analysis of economic relations based on moral and ethical attitudes. However, within the framework of modern discourse, a pluralistic interpretation of the ethical principles of economic science is developing, requiring further detailed research and the formation of conceptual approaches.
Demand, the law of demand, Giffen and Veblen effects. Part 1. Functional demand
Authors: Tsurikov Vladimir
Published: December 2024

This paper provides a concise review of national educational and scientific literature addressing the law of demand and its exceptions. It critically examines common inaccuracies, misconceptions, and misinterpretations, particularly regarding the law of demand and the Giffen effect. The analysis identifies two prevalent sources of error. The first is a careless formulation of the law of demand, often expressed as an inverse proportionality between the demand for a good and its price. This misunderstanding likely stems from translations of the widely used study guide by C. McConnell and S. Brue. The second issue is a misinterpretation of the Giffen effect, which mistakenly associates it with the relative cheapening of a good amid rising prices of other goods. This interpretation appears to originate from textbooks employed at Moscow State University. The article introduces an original model of the Giffen effect, demonstrating that all the conditions outlined by J. Hicks as essential for the effect align with this model, as well as with the results of the 2006 Jensen-Miller field experiment conducted in China. However, the paper suggests that not all of Hicks’ conditions are necessary. By discarding the assumption of universal substitutability among goods, the application of the Giffen effect can be simplified to focus solely on substitute goods and the corresponding portion of consumer income spent on them. Consequently, Giffen behavior may not be confined to low-income consumers. High-income consumers, due to the broader variety of goods they purchase, may display Giffen behavior as frequently, if not more so, than low-income consumers, especially when low-value goods are present within their consumption groups.
Theoretical economy: towards further development of the concept
Authors: Gordeev Valery
Published: December 2024

This section offers an overview of the materials of the 10th (118th) issue of the journal. According to the editor, the publications of this issue serve to further develop our concept of theoretical economy. That is, they continue the work that we have been doing on the pages of our publication for one and a half decades. The section shows what this consists of using each published work as an example. It is noted that it manifests itself, although to varying degrees, in the speeches of both well-known and new authors. The main attention in the content of the proposed issue is still paid to current problems of theoretical economy, theoretical and economic aspects of the study of new industrialization, modern problems of the world economy.
Assessment of the competitive environment and prospects for the development of the oil industry in Russia: current problems and possible solutions
Authors: Varvus Svetlana , Efremova Alena
Published: December 2024

An analysis of works on the issues under study showed that the main provisions of the theory of the industry competitive environment have now been formed. But with all the variety of available material on the crude oil production market, insufficient attention is paid to the issues of improving an effective mechanism for regulating competition in the industry. Understanding competitive relations in the fuel and energy complex plays a special role. The Russian crude oil market is characterized by various operational problems that have a negative impact on the development and economic growth of the country, and the industry itself is characterized by a high concentration of vertically integrated oil companies (VIOCs) that manage the entire technological process, from drilling and well construction to sale of finished products to the final consumer. These companies have significant resources and technologies necessary for efficient oil production and refining, which allows them to occupy leading positions in their industry in an oligopolistic market. The authors of article considered features of competitive environment and prospects development of oil industries in Russia. Author’s position is based on the need of analysis competitive state of sphere, using indexes concentration, for more precisely understanding market structure. During the study, an analysis was carried out current problems oil and gas industry, for example technical backwardness and high dependence on export. Promising areas have been identified, including introduction of new technologies and digital solutions for improving efficiency of oil production and decreasing costs. It is concluded that future development of industry is needed in innovations and improving competitiveness on world market.
Assessing the quality of life of the Chinese population
Authors: Nin Czin
Published: December 2024

This study uses principal component analysis (PCA) to assess the quality of life in 31 provinces in China (excluding Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan) from 2018 to 2022. A multidimensional indicator system including economic, social and environmental aspects is used. By applying PCA, the dimensionality of the data is reduced and the main components that significantly affect the quality of life of the population are identified. This method allows for a comprehensive assessment and reveals that, despite the improvement of the quality of life in different provinces, significant regional differences remain.
Educational migration and its causes: a theoretical analysis
Authors: Toshpulotov Alisher , Surina Elena , Matveeva Inna , Marikyan Ekaterina
Published: December 2024

Migration is a complex process in which people cross borders for various reasons, changing their place of residence to temporary or permanent. The essence of migration is revealed through various migration movements and their functions. Migration is a movement of the population caused by various phenomena of different nature and consequences. The migration process is a migration of the population, which is accompanied by a change of residence. Educational migration is the process of moving people in search of education and new learning opportunities. This phenomenon is due to various reasons, such as the desire to receive a high-quality education, the study of new fields of knowledge, cultural exchange and development of professional skills. The relationship between educational migration and socio-economic development in developed countries is complex and multifaceted. While this opens up opportunities for knowledge transfer and the training of a skilled workforce, it can also lead to brain drain and economic costs. Therefore, it is necessary to develop strategies and policies aimed at maximizing the benefits of educational migration while mitigating its negative impact on the socio-economic development of the region. Educational migration plays an important role in the modern world, contributing to personal growth, skills development and increased access to education, which ultimately contributes to the progress and prosperity of society. However, interregional educational migration has both positive and negative consequences. On the one hand, it promotes intercultural understanding and cooperation; on the other hand, it can exacerbate inequalities in access to education and contribute to brain drain from donor regions. Therefore, it is extremely important to find a balance and formulate policies that support the equitable and sustainable development of education worldwide. The article examines the concept, essence and forms of educational migration, as well as analyzes the features and consequences of interregional educational migration.
Pre-rating assessment of promising areas of food exports
Authors: Semyashkin Grigoriy , Semyashkin Efim
Published: December 2024

The article discusses the current problems of the global food market. The change in the population is shown and the increase in food demand is justified. Its comparison with the forecast of production growth in individual industries is given.
The analysis of the dynamics and structure of exports of agricultural products of the Russian Federation is made. The largest food importing countries are indicated. The results of scientific research on the development of a pre-rating assessment of export-oriented industries and agricultural products of the Russian Federation are presented. A methodology for developing a pre-rating assessment methodology is proposed for consideration by readers: selection of evaluation criteria, bringing indicators into a comparable form, calculation of each indicator and mathematical justification of their impact on the final effective evaluation indicator. The scope of the methodology is indicated. Examples of its use over a number of years are given. A number of measures have been proposed to strengthen the competitiveness of the positions of food exporters from Russia in the international market
Approaches to determining the essence of export diversification
Authors: Livenec Mihaela
Published: December 2024

In the article, the author examines approaches to determining the essence of export diversification, analyzing its importance for the economic development of countries, especially those dependent on commodity exports. The author analyzes the concepts that arise in different time periods and comes to the conclusion that export diversification is a key tool for reducing risks associated with fluctuations in commodity prices and increasing the competitiveness of the economy. The article notes the existence of various aspects of export diversification, including the expansion of the range of exported goods and services, as well as the geographical diversification of sales markets. The study is based on an analysis of literature and official statistics data and confirms the hypothesis of the need to diversify exports of regions and countries dependent on diversification in order to ensure sustainable economic growth and socio-economic development.
Theoretical economics: developing the concept
Authors: Gordeev Valery
Published: December 2024

This section offers an overview of the materials of the 9th (117th) issue of the journal. According to the editor, the publications of this issue present new ideas for the development of our concept of theoretical economy. That is, they continue the work that we have been doing on the pages of our publication for one and a half decades. The section shows what these ideas are based on the example of each published work. It is noted that they are manifested, although to varying degrees, in the speeches of both well-known and new authors. The main attention in the content of the proposed issue is traditionally paid to current problems of theoretical economy, theoretical and economic aspects of the study of new industrialization, modern problems of the world economy, and the work of young researchers.
Industrial cooperation tools in the Eurasian Economic Union: Suggestions for European experience adaptation
Authors: Vasilchenko Aleksandr
Published: December 2024

The development of industrial cooperation is one of the highest priority tasks of integration construction in the Eurasian space. In recent years, the EAEU has been introducing new tools to support cooperation initiatives, and proposing new forms of interaction between business and the state. The purpose of this study is to assess the possibilities of using the experience of developing industrial cooperation in Europe in the context of promoting integration cooperation of the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union. The study examined the current tools to support industrial cooperation in the European Union, including initiatives at the level of firms, countries and the entire EU. The key relationships between support tools at different levels are identified in the context of implementing the tasks of strengthening Europe’s strategic autonomy and increasing the economic sustainability of the Single Market. The possibilities of applying the European Union’s experience to develop industrial and technological cooperation in the EAEU are studied in the context of six main areas of industrial cooperation in the Union, approved by the Decision of the Eurasian Intergovernmental Council of April 30, 2021 No. 5. The importance of conducting «stress tests» of the Union economy’s readiness to reduce supplies of sensitive goods from abroad, as well as providing financial support for the creation of networks of innovative projects is emphasized. In addition, it is proposed to intensify the search for foreign firms ready for long-term investment in technology platforms based on obligations for the exclusive right to use new developments, as well as to accelerate the implementation of an ecosystem approach to the development of technology platforms by identifying promising sectors of related production and technological processes.
Analysis of the economic status and tourism management in Kazakhstan
Authors: Ashimova Zhanna , Epanchinceva Svetlana , Gauhar Sakhanova , Abitov Zhanay , Abitova Diana , Uristembek Amina
Published: December 2024

The article analyses the enhancement of tourism management in Kazakhstan. The research examines the current state of tourism industry management, identifies its challenges, and proposes possible solutions. The results will allow us to develop effective measures to improve the tourism industry in the country. The problem of the research is the need to analyse and improve tourism management in Kazakhstan. The objects of the research are the organisations and structures responsible for the development of tourism in Kazakhstan. The purpose of the research is to identify the main challenges in tourism management in Kazakhstan, propose recommendations and measures to increase the efficiency and competitiveness of the tourism sector. The results include an analysis of industry current state, key challenges of its development, and proposals to improve tourism management in Kazakhstan. These results can be used by government authorities, travel companies, and other stakeholders to implement tourism development strategies in the country.
Assessment of Russian economic growth potential in 2024-2030
Authors: Vodomerov Nikolay
Published: December 2024

The Russian economy faced serious problems: a shortage of labour; economic sanctions, and high depreciation of fixed capital. The economic policy of the Russian authorities is inconsistent. It includes the desire to increase investments in fixed capital is accompanied by their artificial restraint through monetary and financial policies. Indeed, the scientific literature makes various proposals for economic policy changes. However, we believe the insufficient attention is paid to the objective possibilities of accelerating the renewal of fixed capital. The purpose of the study is to determine the growth opportunities of the Russian economy in 2024-2030 on the basis of accelerating fixed capital renovation. We used methods of mathematical statistics and simulation modelling. Information research base: official statistics. We constructed two objectively possible trajectories of the Russian economy development for 2023-2030 have been constructed in terms of accelerating fixed capital renovation. According to the research, the trajectory with a higher rate of capital renewal provides a significant acceleration of economic development and significantly reduces the country’s dependence on equipment imports and exports of raw materials, even with a reduction in the total number of employees. To realize the potential of economic growth, changes in property relations, effective management system are necessary; their essence is in the formation of national economic planning through indicative planning, foreign trade, currency regulation, and nationalisation of management.
The role of economic and structural factors in the development of agriculture: regional approach
Authors: Berus Aleksandr , Kosnikov Sergey
Published: December 2024

The article analyses the impact of various economic and structural factors on the development of agriculture in Russian regions based on statistical data and a variety of economic and mathematical methods. The research uses calculation of relative and average values, multivariate grouping, and regression analysis. The cluster analysis revealed two groups of regions in terms of gross value added. The first group includes regions with highly developed agriculture significantly exceeding the indicators of the second one. This is confirmed by the results of regression analysis. Investments in fixed assets turned out to be the most significant factor affecting gross value added. Additionally, research forecasts a variable with fluctuations in independent characteristics by simulation modelling. It demonstrates the resilience or vulnerability of the agricultural sector to changes in the economic environment. The research results have practical significance for development of state support measures and increase the efficiency of the agrarian sector in Russian regions, providing food security and sustainable economic development.
Community learning centres for climate-resilient agriculture
Authors:   International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), JHA Anil
Published: December 2024

The Green Resilient Agriculture Productive Ecosystems (GRAPE) project seeks to foster climate resilience and sustainable economic growth in Nepal's Sudurpashchim and Karnali provinces. As one of the countries most vulnerable to climate change, Nepal's economic development is closely tied to agriculture. Communities dependent on agriculture, particularly in Western Nepal, are among the poorest and most severely affected by climate change.

The Community Learning Centre (CLC) operates on the principle of "seeing is believing" and aims to facilitate climate-resilient agriculture through co-design, replication, and scaling of simple solutions. CLCs serve as regional learning centers and knowledge hubs, fostering peer-to-peer learning and knowledge sharing among farmers, agriculture experts, and practitioners. The focus is on agricultural technologies that benefit farmers with similar agroecological and soil conditions. Farmers actively participate through groups, allowing for research, experimentation, and innovation in farming techniques. CLCs provide context-specific, affordable, gender-responsive, and nature-based guidance. They emphasize participatory action research, validating both innovative and traditional knowledge-based solutions, and integrating traditional ecological and climate knowledge to address the specific impacts of climate change on agriculture in rural settings.
A history of the parathyroid glands: from early misunderstandings to modern concepts
Authors: Brodowska-Kania Dorota Anna , Osial Natalia , Zięcina Piotr , Kamiński Grzegorz
Published: December 2024

Przytarczyce są niewielkimi gruczołami, które odpowiadają za regulację gospodarki wapniowo-fosforanowej w organizmie. Zostały odkryte w 1852 roku przez Richarda Owena, natomiast pełnego ich opisu u ludzi dokonał Sandström w 1880 roku. Kilkanaście lat później Gley zauważył związek między uszkodzeniem przytarczyc a występowaniem tężyczki. W 1908 roku MacCallum i Voegtlin zasugerowali wpływ przytarczyc na metabolizm wapnia, a tężyczkę przypisali hipokalcemii spowodowanej ich usunięciem. Związek między patologią przytarczyc a zmianami kostnymi został stwierdzony w 1906 roku, dzięki badaniom Erdheima. Kolejnym przełomowym wydarzeniem była izolacja ekstraktu przytarczyc, przeprowadzona niezależnie przez Hansona w 1923 roku i Collipa w 1925 roku. Mandl przeszedł do historii jako pierwszy chirurg, który przeprowadził skuteczną paratyroidektomię z powodu guza przytarczyc, co miało miejsce w 1925 roku. Najobszerniejsze badania na temat nadczynności przytarczyc przeprowadził w połowie XX wieku Albright, który zróżnicował pierwotną, wtórną i trzeciorzędową nadczynność przytarczyc. Oczyszczenie hormonu przytarczyc i opracowanie testów laboratoryjnych do pomiaru jego stężenia we krwi ułatwiło diagnostykę
chorób przytarczyc, co przyczyniło się do znacznego wzrostu liczby operacji pod koniec lat 80. XIX wieku. Przełom XIX i XX wieku był okresem istotnego rozwoju technik obrazowania przytarczyc i chirurgii małoinwazyjnej. W niniejszym artykule opisano najważniejsze wydarzenia w historii przytarczyc, które ukształtowały współczesną wiedzę oraz przyczyniły się do opracowania skutecznych metod diagnostyki i leczenia chorób przytarczyc.
Left ventricular thrombus – diagnosis and management based on a case report
Authors: Sokołowska Joanna , Mielniczuk Marta , Kowal Jarosław , Krzesiński Paweł
Published: December 2024

Skrzeplina w lewej komorze serca jest jednym z powikłań zawału mięśnia sercowego z uniesieniem odcinka ST. Jej obecność niesie za sobą ryzyko poważnych powikłań zatorowych, dlatego konieczna jest diagnostyka i skuteczne leczenie uformowanych skrzeplin. Sugerowane metody postępowania obejmują leczenie przeciwkrzepliwe, trombolityczne i chirurgiczne, nie osiągnięto jednak konsensusu co do wyboru sposobu leczenia. Poniżej przedstawiono opis przypadku 52-letniego pacjenta, u którego rozpoznano pozawałową skrzeplinę lewej komory serca powikłaną incydentem zatorowym. W związku z brakiem skuteczności leczenia przeciwkrzepliwego wykonano operacyjne usunięcie skrzepliny, które pozwoliło na całkowite jej wyeliminowanie z lewej komory serca.
The use of the latissimus dorsi muscle flap in breast reconstruction after mastectomy complicated
by implant site infection
Authors: Sioch Natalia Oliwia , Kołpaczyńska Sylwia Agnieszka , Zabielska Bernadeta Anna
Published: December 2024

W ostatnich czasach płat mięśniowo-skórny mięśnia najszerszego grzbietu jest coraz częściej stosowany w rekonstrukcji piersi po mastektomii. Technika ma na celu wykorzystanie uszypułowanego mięśnia latissimus dorsi z wyspą skórną i tkanką tłuszczową w celu wytworzenia pełnowartościowego pokrycia tkankowego oraz uzyskania zwiększonej objętości rekonstruowanej piersi. Łącząc tę metodę z zastosowaniem urządzeń protetycznych, takich jak implanty lub ekspander tkankowy, można osiągnąć zadowalający efekt. W pracy przedstawiono przegląd literatury dotyczący przeszczepu płata mięśniowo-skórnego mięśnia najszerszego grzbietu oraz opis przypadku 43-letniej pacjentki, która została poddana rekonstrukcji z wykorzystaniem płata z mięśnia latissimus dorsi po przebytej chorobie nowotworowej. Pacjentka w przeszłości przeszła mastektomię z jednoczasową rekonstrukcją piersi z użyciem implantów. Zabieg został powikłany zakażeniem loży implantu, w efekcie czego konieczne było jego usunięcie. Rekonstrukcję piersi z użyciem płata latissimus dorsi zastosowano w połączeniu z ekspanderem tkankowym w celu późniejszej zamiany na implant. Prezentowany przypadek wskazuje, że płat latissimus dorsi może być skutecznym i bezpiecznym sposobem rekonstrukcji piersi po mastektomii, kiedy mniej zaawansowane techniki rekonstrukcyjne zawiodą.
Laparoscopic appendectomy as an alternative to open appendectomy – a single-center experience
Authors: Santorek-Strumiłło Edyta , Kustalik Sylwia , Jabłoński Sławomir
Published: December 2024

Wprowadzenie i cel

Ostre zapalenie wyrostka robaczkowego jest jednym z najczęstszych ostrych stanów w chirurgii ogólnej. Laparoskopowe zabiegi w ostrych schorzeniach jamy brzusznej wymagają szczególnych umiejętności i doświadczenia operatora, ponieważ zwykle warunki anatomiczne oraz obraz jamy brzusznej są zmienione przez toczący się ostry stan zapalny, a tkanki są obrzęknięte i kruche. Appendektomię możemy wykonać metodą klasyczną lub laparoskopową. W dobie przewagi zabiegów małoinwazyjnych również usunięcie wyrostka robaczkowego najczęściej wykonuje się tą metodą. Celem pracy była ocena wpływu rodzaju zabiegu (appendektomii klasycznej lub laparoskopowej) na czas hospitalizacji, okres rekonwalescencji i występowanie powikłań pooperacyjnych.

Materiał i metody

Analizie poddano pacjentów operowanych w Klinice Chirurgii Klatki Piersiowej, Chirurgii Ogólnej i Onkologicznej w latach 2020–2023 z powodu ostrego zapalenia wyrostka robaczkowego. Badani byli operowania w trybie ostrym i wykonywano u nich appendektomię klasyczną lub laparoskopową. Wszystkich badanych zakwalifikowano do kontroli w przyszpitalnej poradni chirurgicznej (wizyty odbywały się w 10. dobie od pierwotnego zabiegu operacyjnego lub relaparotomii).

Wyniki

W badanej grupie, którą podzielono ze względu na wiek, płeć i rodzaj wykonanego zabiegu
operacyjnego (klasyczny, laparoskopowy), oceniano nasilenie dolegliwości bólowych w pierwszej i 10. dobie po zabiegu operacyjnym, występowanie powikłań pooperacyjnych oraz czas hospitalizacji.

Wnioski

Na podstawie uzyskanych wyników wysunięto wniosek, że appendektomia laparoskopowa w porównaniu z klasyczną jest metodą pozwalającą na ograniczenie liczby powikłań pooperacyjnych, zmniejszenie dolegliwościach bólowych u pacjentów oraz skrócenie czasu hospitalizacji.
Managing the cost of services for people with disabilities: an international approach. Part I: Poland
Authors: Pugh Dana , Kotlarska-Michalska Anna , Romaniuk Jaroslaw Richard
Published: December 2024

Introduction

The cost of care for people with disabilities is rising, whereas all forms of support for them are decreasing. Countries and communities develop different ways to serve the disabled. We examined the comprehensive state of care from the perspective of cost management of services for individuals with disabilities in Poland.

Method

This paper is based on a review of relevant international literature, with a special focus on the situation in Poland. A keyword search was completed in both Polish- and English-language databases.

Results

In Poland, people with disabilities usually live with their families, and specialized services are offered outside the place of residence. Community and privately-owned housing resembling family homes is being developed. However, for many families with disabled members, such an option is unaffordable.

Discussion

New policy programs are being developed to protect, care for, and support people with disabilities in Poland. However, some of these policies have not been implemented due to limited financial resources. Overall, the development of health care services offered in places where individuals with disabilities live improves their quality of life but also increases the costs of care.
The quality of pulmonary diagnosis in patients with lung cancer qualified for thoracic surgeries
Authors: Jabłoński Sławomir , Mydłowski Tomasz , Kozakiewicz Marcin
Published: December 2024

Wprowadzenie i cel

Rak płuca w większości przypadków jest rozpoznawany w późnym stadium choroby. Wstępna diagnostyka pacjentów odbywa się na oddziałach o profilu pulmonologicznym. Poprawa jej skuteczności i współpraca z torakochirurgami oraz onkologami wydaje się być kluczem do poprawy wyników leczenia. Celem artykułu jest ocena wartości diagnostyki przeprowadzonej na oddziale pulmonologicznym w aspekcie ustalenia etiologii i zaawansowania guza płuca oraz kwalifikacji do torakochirurgicznych procedur diagnostycznych i leczniczych.

Materiał i metody

Oceną objęto 51 pacjentów z guzem płuca wykrytym w badaniach obrazowych, którzy po wykonaniu na oddziale pulmonologii badań diagnostycznych obejmujących bronchofiberoskopię, biopsję transtorakalną, badanie cytologiczne płynu z opłucnej, spirometrię, badanie zdolności dyfuzyjnej płuc dla tlenku węgla i badania laboratoryjne zostali skierowanych na oddział torakochirurgii w celu przeprowadzenia leczenia radykalnego lub uzupełniającej diagnostyki inwazyjnej.

Wyniki

Jakość diagnostyki pulmonologicznej w wykrywaniu nowotworu złośliwego w badanej grupie okazała się stosunkowo wysoka (czułość: 0,66, swoistość: 0,81, dokładność: 0,71). Dzięki temu u 24 pacjentów (47,06%) możliwe było wykonanie operacji radykalnej. Po uwzględnieniu diagnostycznych procedur torakochirurgicznych doszczętne usunięcie guza płuca wykonano u kolejnych 7 chorych. Łącznie u 31 pacjentów przeprowadzono optymalne zabiegi resekcyjne płuca (60,78%).

Wnioski

Współpraca oddziału pulmonologii w połączeniu z uzupełniającą diagnostyką torakochirurgiczną pozwala na dokładne ustalenie etiologii guza płuca oraz wykonanie operacji terapeutycznych w nowotworach technicznie resekcyjnych.
Letter from the Editor-in-Chief
Authors: Kalicki Bolesław
Published: December 2024

List Redaktora Naczelnego
Transitando por la Historia de Pesillo en el Siglo XX
Authors: Galo Oswaldo Echeverría Cachipuendo , Raúl Clemente Cevallos Calapi , Fabio Elton Cruz Góngora , Jorge Armando Flores Ruiz
Published: December 2024

Se explora la evolución de la comunidad de Pesillo, ubicada en la provincia de Pichincha, Ecuador, durante el siglo XX. Este análisis se centra en los procesos de resistencia, lucha y transformación que vivió la comunidad, especialmente en relación con la Reforma Agraria y la defensa de los derechos de los pueblos indígenas.

A lo largo de sus páginas, el libro destaca la figura de Tránsito Amaguaña, una líder indígena nacida en Pesillo en 1909, reconocida por su incansable lucha por los derechos de los pueblos indígenas y su participación en la creación de sindicatos campesinos como 'Pan y Tierra' en La Chimba, 'Tierra Libre' en Muyurco y 'El Inca' en Pesillo.
Hacı Bektâş-ı Velî
Authors: Küçükbasmacı Gülten
Published: December 2024

"Hacı Bektâş-ı Velî, as a mystic, scholar, and pioneer of the Bektashism path, has an
essential place in the Turkish-Islamic world. Hacı Bektâş-ı Velî came to Anatolia
at a time when the political unity was broken down, the Seljuks were weakened,
and the turmoil caused by the Mongol invasion. With the lodge he established in
Sulucakaraöyük, he started production activities in his region and was interested
in the moral upbringing of people. It is accepted that he was born in 1207 or 1209
and died in 1271. The source of information about him is the work called Velâyetnâme,
written in the 15th century, in which his life and miracles are described.
According to Velâyetnâme, Hacı Bektâş-ı Velî, one of the saints of Khorasan, was
born in Nishapur and received his education from Lokman Perende, one of the
caliphs of Ahmed Yesevî. He came to Anatolia after a long journey at the request
of Ahmed Yesevî and trained many caliphs in the lodge he opened. These caliphs
influenced the Islamization and Turkification of Anatolia and the Balkans. Considering
the family he belongs to and Nishapur’s place in history, it is understood
that he received a good education. The works accepted to belong to Hacı Bektâş-ı
Velî are: Makâlât, Besmele Tefsiri, Fâtiha Tefsiri, Fevâid, Makâlât-ı Gaybiyye and
Kelimât-ı Ayniyye, Hadis-i Erbain Commentary and Hacı Bektâş Velî’s Advice.
Among these works, Makâlât provides essential data on determining his ideas
and understanding of Sufism. Hacı Bektâş-ı Velî believes that faith and morality,
man’s inner world and outer world are a whole. According to him, belief should be
reflected in moral life. Bektashism, which Balım Sultan systematized in the 16th
century, was shaped by his views. According to Velâyetnâme, his bond with Ahîlik
[Ahî Community] was established through Ahî Evren. Due to the place Hacı Bektâş-
ı Velî held among the Ottoman veterans, the Janissary Corps was affiliated with
him. His tomb is today in the social complex in Hacıbektaş district of Nevşehir.
Hacı Bektâş-ı Velî Social Complex is a museum. Hacı Bektâş-ı Velî continues to
guide humanity with his works and ideas from his time until today."
Yunus Emre
Authors: Doğan Şaban
Published: December 2024

Yunus Emre, a poet from the 13th century, is a significant figure in Turkish literature, who not only laid his legacy in Anatolia during that century but also a representative of Turkish Sufi poetry that began to take shape in Central Asia. His lifestyle, worldview, and the themes he addressed in his poetry have earned him a place in world literature. Yunus, whose life has been the subject of many sources, had his poems translated into various languages. His poems were compared with the poems of foreign poets of his time. In this study, information is provided about Yunus Emre and the themes intimately associated with him through his poetry and the themes derived from his poetry thus, ensuring Yunus Emre is once again comprehensively examined in all aspects.
DIEGO TICCHIONE (ed.). Desafíos para una comunidad más allá de la humanidad. Posthumanismos, pensamiento latinoamericano y políticas públicas.
Authors: Jaña-Villarroel Juan
Published: December 2024

Reseña de Desafíos para una comunidad más allá de la humanidad. Posthumanismos, pensamiento latinoamericano y políticas públicas editado por Diego Ticchione