bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The land code of 1922 as the basis of modern land legislation
Authors:   State University of Land Management, Moscow, Burov М. Р. , Gorbunov V. S. ,   State University of Land Management, Moscow
Published: April 2023

The level of land management science and the scale of its practical application is one of the weighty indicators of the economic potential of any country. Unfortunately, we have to state that sustainable development is currently interpreted only in the context of economic growth, which actually minimizes the role of social and environmental factors. Until now, the assessment of the natural and environmental factor has not been included in the economic turnover at the macro level. This distorts the assessment of national wealth, hinders the correct analysis of the directions and mechanisms of economic development. At the same time, the founders of modern land management science were characterized by a clear understanding of the laws of the functioning of the economy as a whole. They paid a lot of attention to the structural and technological inefficiency of the Soviet economy, which led to huge losses and irrational use of natural resources. It is these problems that have become the most acute in our days, not only for Russia, but for the whole world. The ideas laid down during the creation of the RSFSR Land Code of 1922 are still relevant today. It is necessary to take into account the existing historical experience of land and property transformations and on the basis of them to form fresh ideas to improve the strategic planning of territorial development in the new reality, to improve the quality of agricultural land, update the norms of land allocation, to adjust projects, programs, strive to optimize solutions to land management tasks and social problems of cadastral activity (reform).
Japanese Translation of Indonesian Comic’s Onomatopoeia
Authors:   Department of Japanese, Literature Faculty of Letters, Universitas Komputer Indonesia, Indonesia, Ali Mohammad
Published: April 2023

This study intends to describe translation strategies used for translating onomatopoeia that appear in Indonesian comic books. The data as the source text was taken from one of the indigenous comic written by Indonesian Author. The method used in this study was a qualitative method with content analysis as a technique. All of onomatopoeia that appeared in this comic book will be paired with their Japanese translation before going into analysis. As result, there are 4 translation strategies that used for translating onomatopoeia in Indonesian comic, (1) equivalent, (2) derivative, (3) katakana-ka, and (4) coinage. From these results, there is conclusion that translating onomatopoeia are not become easier problem just by considering the number of onomatopoeia in its language itself.
Dialogue d’Eros et de Pornos pris aux nœuds
Authors: Dadoun Roger
Published: April 2023

Le rapport entre érotisme et pornographie -sans cesse remis en question -est figuré par deux personnages, Éros et Pornos. Personnages contrastés : Éros se présente comme étant du côté de la lumière, de la créativité, Pornos occupe un espace plus sombre, et tient des propos qui se veulent réducteurs et à ras de terre ; il revendique une sexualité quasiment adhérente aux organes et fonctions du corps -alors qu’Éros en fait une donnée essentiellement problématique et fondatrice de la condition humaine.

Cependant, l’opposition est difficile à maintenir ; des jeux de lumières et un fil qui relie les personnages l’un à l’autre sur la scène doivent suggérer des amalgames et permettre de les associer et en quelque façon de les confondre.
L'imaginaire érotique à l'époque romane
Authors: Bougoux Christian
Published: April 2023

Si, selon la prédiction fameuse d’André Malraux, le troisième millénaire sera spirituel ou ne sera pas, la paillardise et la pornographie du XIIe siècle étaient tout sauf une vue de l’esprit. Tendez l’oreille et levez les yeux : que ce soit pour le chant des troubadours ou les sculptures romanes de certaines églises, de l’obsession du sein des femmes en passant par l’homosexualité et la masturbation, l’amour lascif est célébré dans tous les témoignages de l’époque. Comment l’expliquer et qu’en reste-t-il de nos jours ? Christian Bougoux répond dans «L’imaginaire érotique à l’époque romane ».
Des corps toujours vêtus d’images
Authors: Gattinoni Christian
Published: April 2023

À l’exception des modifications apportées à l’intérieur du nu comme genre artistique avec des artistes tel Helmut Newton, des écrivains, de Pascal Quignard à Bernard Noël, et des artistes affirment que les corps apparemment nus restent toujours vêtus d’images. Dany Leriche, Annie Sprinkle ou Yasumasa Morimura en profitent pour interroger l’héritage historique et culturel de l’image de la femme.

Avec Nobuyoshi Araki, à travers le journal d’une vie, l’identité sexuelle réaffirmée met en lumière la peau comme écran -limite à transgresser. Hiromix assume quant à elle le devenir clone de l’être humain, qu’Inez Van Lamsweerde et Vanessa Beecroft explorent jusque dans ses extrêmes conséquences.

Joan Soulimant et Danièle Buetti montrent les hens intimes entre nudité, peau et corps interne.

Avec Éric Rondepierre et Matthew Barney la question dehors-dedans se trouve transférée aux passages d’images photocinémavidéo.

Faisant retour à la radicalité de Michel Joumiac nous comprenons que le marquage social de la peau qu’il dénonçait concerne aujourd’hui des oppositions importantes entre le psychisme dans sa relation à l’extériorité, comme la séparation des corps et des sociétés, entre réel et virtuel. Les artistes engagent ici une nouvelle expérience synesthésique de la chair virtuelle, d’autres liens, via les technologies, du corps à l’inconscient.
Quatre fameux cons
Authors: Lafargue Bernard
Published: April 2023

Des Vénus préhistoriques, qui exhibent fièrement leur vulve féconde et leurs seins gonflés aux «pinocchias » vieilles et dégueulasses de Cindy Sherman qui gisent à moitié mortes, le vagin dégueulant des étrons, en passant par le petit con luisant d’Aphrodite et le cône immaculé de La (V)ierge (M)arie, s’écrit et se boucle une des plus riches Heures de l’histoire de l’art et de l’humanité : l’histoire du con. Cet article envisage ses quatre plus fameuses figures.
Simple exécutant ou auteur intellectuel : le sculpteur italien peut-il être considéré au Moyen-Âge comme le concepteur de son oeuvre ?
Authors: Aventin Laurence
Published: April 2023

Au cours des XIIe et XIIIe siècles, en Italie, les inscriptions-signatures, qui adoptent le ton de l’éloge, témoignent d’une nouvelle prise de conscience de la part des sculpteurs et de la place importante qu’ils occupent dans la société. À l’écoute de ce changement, Thomas d’Aquin contribue à revaloriser l’activité artistique en élevant l’artiste au rang des créateurs des biens intellectuels. Cette nouvelle prérogative accordée à l’artifex trouve un écho certain dans les magnifiques chaires à prêcher de Giovanni Pisano.
High-efficient removal of tetrabromobisphenol A from waste mobile phone printed circuit boards leached solution by micellar enhanced ultrafiltration
Authors: Sahlabadi Fatemeh , Eslami Akbar , Alavi Nadali , Sadani Mohsen , Torabbeigi Marzieh , Arshadi Mahdokht
Published: April 2023

Background: Tetrabrombisphenol A (TBBPA) is one of the major brominated flame retardants (BFRs) used in waste mobile phone printed circuit boards (WMPPCB) that accounts for approximately 60% of the total BFR market. Methods: The potential of TBBPA removal from WMPPCB leached solution was investigated using micelle-enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF) in the presence of cationic, anionic, and nonionic surfactants. The efficiency of several parameters including surfactant concentration, transmembrane pressure (TMP), pH, and TBBPA concentration, was evaluated to improve the MEUF. The optimal conditions were used to assess the MEUF for removing TBBPA in a real sample. Results: The cationic surfactant cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) showed better performance than other surfactants in removing TBBPA due to its electrostatic interactions with anionic forms of TBBPA. The removal efficiency of TBBPA increased from 48.99% to 99.10% by adding a surfactant (less than the critical micelle concentration). Increasing the pH in the range of 5 to 11 increased the efficiency of TBBPA removal due to the increase in the TBBPA solubility in the micelles. TMP had the most significant effect on permeate flux compared to other parameters but did not significantly affect the TBBPA removal efficiency. The MEUF process effectively removed (above 99%) TBBPA in the concentration range of 20 to 80 mg L-1 under optimal conditions. The HPLC-UV analysis of the real sample indicated the removal efficiency of 100% of TBBPA. Conclusion: MEUF using CPC is a critical performance technology for removing TBBPA from the leached solution of electronic waste.
The effect of chit powder technology in the treatment of burn hazards victims: A systematic review
Authors: Hadian Marziye , Jabbari Alireza , Sheikhbardsiri Hojjat
Published: April 2023

Objective: In order to heal burn wounds, many researches have been done, including the use of biological scaffolds due to their ability to achieve the desired properties. Owing to the appropriate biological properties of chitosan such as biocompatibility and antimicrobial properties as well as the promotion of wound healing in biomedical applications, we aimed to perform a systematic review to investigate the effect of this technology on the treatment of burn hazards victims. Methods: The present research was conducted in 2020 as a systematic review of studies related to the effect of chitosan on burns. In this study, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) guidelines were used to assess the articles. The key words "Chitosan," "Chitin," "victim," "Injury," "Burn," "Heal," "wound" "treat," "hazard," and "care" were used in combination with the Boolean operators OR and AND. The ISI web of science, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Ovid, Pro Quest, Wiley and Google Scholar were searched. Results: Recently, chitosan and its derivatives have been proposed as suitable candidates for scaffolding and can be used as temporary scaffolds to modify and stimulate the growth of new tissues. Studies to demonstrate the use of chitosan in the treatment of burns have been limited to research on animal models and have been superior to conventional therapies in terms of time, pain, and efficacy. Conclusion: The effect of chitosan on burns has been positive in animal models and has accelerated wound healing. Since the main ingredient of chit powder is chitosan and due to the limited studies done on humans, it cannot be said with certainty that the use of chitosan and its derivatives to treat burns is better than other ways to treat burns.
Minimal invasive management of proximal small bowel bleeding: A case report and reviewing the evidences
Authors: Rezazadehkermani Mohammad , Hosseini Seyed Vahid
Published: April 2023

Objective: Gastrointestinal bleeding is one of the surgical emergencies that is routinely visited in emergency departments. Although most of these patients are managed with endoscopic modalities, some of them are managed with surgical interventions. Most of emergency surgical interventions are done via laparotomy. With evolution in minimal invasive surgery, the role of laparoscopic surgeries in emergency settings is on a rise. Case Presentation: In this report we describe a case of lower gastrointestinal bleeding that was presented with melena and during workups no bleeding lesion was detected in colon, stomach or duodenum. Further investigations revealed bleeding of proximal jejunum mass that was resected with the laparoscopic approach which is rarely used in the emergency management of patients with gastrointestinal bleedings. Also, resection and anastomosis of proximal jejunal loop was challenging in this case. Conclusion: This report is intended to describe the feasibility of laparoscopy in proximal small bowel lesion resection in emergency settings as well as the role of computed tomography (CT) angiography in detecting the source of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding.
Comparing the effectiveness of oral versus intravenous antibiotics in the prophylaxis of wound infection in hand laceration
Authors: Momeni Mehdi , Vahidi Elnaz , Karimi Tafti Neda , Naderpour Zeinab , Seyedhosseini Javad , Saeedi Morteza
Published: April 2023

Objective: Hand lacerations are among the most frequent causes of visiting emergency departments (EDs). Wound infection is one of its complications. There is still an ongoing disagreement on the administration of oral versus intravenous (IV) antibiotics (ABs). The objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness of oral versus IV ABs in preventing wound infection of hand lacerations. Methods: In this double-blind, randomized clinical trial, we enrolled all patients with hand lacerations (based on the inclusion criteria) during 6 months in the EDs of 2 tertiary referral centers. Convenient sampling was done. Finally, in the first group, 382 patients received oral AB (two 500 mg cephalexin capsules) and the other 382 patients in the second group received IV AB (1 gr IV cefazolin) before wound management. Both groups were followed and received oral cephalexin during 48 hours after suturing. Rates of wound infection and different complications were compared between the two groups. T-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Chi square and Fisher analysis were used. Results: Both groups had the same age and gender distribution rate (79.8% of males with the mean age of 30.8 years in the first group, and 83.5% of males with the mean age of 32.6 years in the second group (P=0.19 and 0.39, respectively). In our study, wound infection developed in 2.6% and 1.8% of patients in the first and second groups, respectively (P=0.46). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, oral and IV ABs were not significantly different in terms of preventing wound infection.
Adherence to guideline in hydrating traumatic patients with crystalloid fluids: A single center experience from Southern Iran
Authors: Paydar Shahram , Akbarzadeh Armin , Nasermoadeli Ladan , Mohammadkarimi Vahid
Published: April 2023

Objective: The adherence of the physicians to guidelines in resuscitation of the patients is of great importance since it can predict the outcome. To evaluate the adherence of the physicians of our center in hydration of traumatic patients with crystalloids regarding the Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) guidelines. Methods: We designed an algorithm obtained from ATLS guidelines using vital signs and status of bleeding of the traumatic patients to classify them. After categorizing the patients according to the algorithm, we evaluated the adherence of the physicians to the guideline in hydration of traumatic patients with crystalloids. Results: This is a cross-sectional study in which 998 traumatic patients who were admitted to the emergency ward of Rajaee trauma hospital were enrolled. Most of the patients were men (89.6%) and the most common causes of traumatic injuries were traffic accidents. Proper hydration was seen in only 14.7% of the patients. Most of the patients were overhydrated (85%) regarding both our algorithm and the patients’ base excess. Conclusion: The present study showed that the adherence of physicians in our center in resuscitation with crystalloid was low. Also, most of the traumatic patients were overhydrated with crystalloids. It is suggested that physicians retrain concerning the side effects of over hydration. In addition, we need a user friendly and more applicable guideline for hydration with crystalloids.
Relationship between cardiac ultrasound findings during cardiopulmonary resuscitation with the outcome of patients
Authors: Seyedhosseini Javad , Ahmadi Rasha , Karimialavijeh Ehsan , Aghili Mehrad
Published: April 2023

Objective: Cardiopulmonary arrest is a devastating outcome of some clinical situations and requires strict implementation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) protocols. Since ultrasound is one of the recommended tools to determine the presence of cardiac movements and may be a predictor of the outcome, this study examined the relationship between echocardiographic findings during CPR with patients’ outcomes. Methods: This cross-sectional prospective observational study was conducted on patients with cardio-respiratory arrest in the emergency department of Shariaty hospital during 2019. sampling method was random. Echocardiography was done at the patient’s bedside during the CPR process in accordance with the last advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) guidelines, on two points, after the end of the second and 10th minutes from the start of CPR. The echocardiography findings (cardiac movement vs standstill) were recorded, and patient outcomes were followed. Thirty-two patients enrolled in this study with a mean age of 56.9±15.3 years. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to calculate the association between heart contractions during resuscitation and the outcomes via SPSS V.22. Fisher’s exact test and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to evaluate the relationship between heart rhythm in the second and tenth minutes with the outcomes of CPR. Results: The presence of cardiac movement in the 10th minute of CPR, in contrast to the findings of the second minute, had a significant correlation with the success rate of CPR and outcomes (P<0.05). Moreover, patients with ventricular tachycardia (VT)/ventricular fibrillation (VF) cardiac rhythm had a better resuscitation rate, 24-hour survival rate, and better outcome than patients with other cardiac rhythms and asystole (P<0.05). Conclusion: Echocardiographic findings in the 10th minute of the CPR process can be used as a prognostic factor for cardiac arrest.
Rhabdomyolysis following electical injury without acute kidney injury
Authors: Alp Alper , Arslan Burcu , Gibyeli Genek Dilek , Huddam Bülent
Published: April 2023

Objective: Rhabdomyolysis is an important etiology for developing acute kidney injury (AKI). Among the many varying reasons for rhabdomyolysis, electrical injury seems to be a lesser-known factor. The clinical presentation of rhabdomyolysis is usually in the form of severe and widespread pain, tenderness, weakness in the muscles and dark urine. It is characterized by the disruption of cell integrity in myocytes as a result of widespread damage to skeletal muscles and the passage of intracellular components into the circulation. Case Presentation: Here we presented a case report of a young man who had rhabdomyolysis induced by electrical injury which is relatively less common among the other etiological factors with preserved renal functions. He had electrical injury related wounds on extremities. Urgent intravenous fluid therapy was initiated as soon as his admission to the emergency department (ED), without delay. Conclusion: AKI is very common due to the nephrotoxic effect of myoglobinuria and the prerenal status. It is rare that AKI does not develop in patients with a severe increase in creatinine kinase. It is a very important point to start effective fluid therapy in a short time.
Endoscopic Findings and Histopathological Patterns of Gastric Mucosal Biopsies in Functional Dyspepsia: A Clinicopathological Study
Authors: Hayatbakhsh Abbasi Mohammad Mahdi , Jafari Elham , Zahedi Mohamad Javad , Darvish Moghaddam Sodaif , Malekpoor Afshar Reza , Saeedi Mohadese Sadat , Pooyanfard Roya
Published: April 2023

Background: Endoscopic examination of the gastrointestinal tract through macroscopic and histopathological evaluation provides a tool to differentiate the major causes of functional dyspepsia. The distinction is not always clear. This study aimed to assess the frequency and type of the macroscopic and histopathological changes in gastrointestinal tract endoscopy in patients with symptoms of functional dyspepsia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 97 patients aged 10–85 years who underwent gastroscopy due to functional dyspepsia symptoms. The patients had no history of weight loss, major comorbidities like diabetes or cirrhosis, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) consumption, peptic ulcer, or any other confounding causes. Biopsy specimens were taken from the stomach and duodenum for histopathological examination. The presence of Helicobacter pylori infection was established based on histopathological examination and a positive rapid urease test. Results: Gastric biopsies of 97 patients with functional dyspepsia were studied. In histological examination of gastric mucosal biopsies, chronic inflammation was present in 94 (96.9%), activity was seen in 47 (48.5%), glandular atrophy was seen in 3 (3.1%), and intestinal metaplasia was seen in 9 (9.2%) patients. H. pylori was identified on gastric mucosal biopsies in 46 (47.4%) patients based on sections stained with H&E and Giemsa. Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it is concluded that patients with functional dyspepsia have a higher frequency of gastric mucosal inflammation and H. pylori infection.
Long GnRH Agonist versus GnRH Antagonist Protocols in Women with Endometrioma and Good Ovarian Reserve Undergoing IVF/ICSI Cycles
Authors: Eftekhar Maryam , Tabibnejad Nasim , Mohammadi Banafsheh
Published: April 2023

Background: The best ovarian stimulation protocol in the case of endometrioma-related infertility is still debated. In this study, we examined the effect of two ovarian stimulation protocols on in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcome in patients with good ovarian reserve suffering from endometrioma. Methods: In a retrospective study, 101 women with endometrioma and good ovarian reserve were recruited. Women received either gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists (n=65) or GnRH antagonists (n=36) in an IVF or ICSI cycle. Clinical and chemical pregnancy rate, live birth rate, implantation rate, fertilization rate and fertilization proportion, as well as miscarriage rate, were evaluated in both groups. Results: Chemical (25% vs. 28.6%), clinical (19.6% vs. 25%), and live birth rates (19.6% vs. 25%) as well as implantation rate (11.7% vs. 15%) were not significantly different between the two groups. Miscarriage rate, fertilization rate and fertilization proportion were similar in the two groups. Conclusion: GnRH antagonist protocol with the main advantages of short duration and lower cost of treatment could be applied in infertile patients with endometrioma and good ovarian reserve.
Evaluation of Nuclear Parameters in Relation to Regional Lymph Node Involvement in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Cytomorphometric Study
Authors: Karbalaee Khiavi Vahid , Jalayer Naderi Noushin , Muhammadnejad Ahad
Published: April 2023

Background: Up-regulation of ribosome biogenesis encodes the factors related to carcinogenesis. It has been shown that the nucleus diameter and number of nucleoli increase from normal mucosa to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The relationship between nuclear parameters and lymph node involvement in OSCC has not been established, yet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nuclear parameters comprising nucleoli count and nucleus: nucleoli ratio in relation to regional lymph node involvement in OSCC. Methods: Thirty-four formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded sections from different histopathologic grades of OSCC were stained with methyl green-pyronin. Mean number of nucleoli and nucleus: nucleoli ratio were calculated in 100 tumor cells from 10 random selected fields and compared based on lymph node involvement. Results: Nucleoli count in cases with metastasis to regional lymph nodes was not significantly different from that in cases without regional lymph nodes involvement (P=0.29). The difference of nucleus: nucleoli ratio in cases with and without lymph nodes involvement were not significant (P=0.52). No significant correlation was found between the nucleoli count and lymph node involvement (r=0.08, P=0.78). The correlation between nucleus: nucleoli ratio and lymph node involvement was significant (r=0.58, P=0.02). Conclusion: The nucleus: nucleoli ratio of tumoral cells in OSCC was correlated to lymph node involvement. Based on the results, nucleus: nucleoli ratio can potentially be a useful tool to determine the lymph node involvement in OSCC.
Dynamic Aggregation of Wages and Job Risk: A Case Study of Pakistan
Authors: Noman Muhammad , Mujahid Nooreen , Fatima Ambreen
Published: April 2023

This study examines the relationship between job risk and wages in Pakistan using data on fatal and non-fatal occupational injuries. By employing the Hedonic Wage Function (HWF), the study estimates the Value of Statistical Life (VSL) for Pakistan. Additionally, the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Error Correction Model (ECM) techniques are used to analyze the wage-risk nexus dynamics and estimate the VSL from 1990 to 2019. The results reveal a positive relationship between job risk and wages, suggesting that workers in Pakistan are compensated for the risks associated with their jobs. Furthermore, the VSL estimated in this study is higher than in previous studies, indicating that workers in Pakistan value their safety more and are willing to pay more to reduce their risk of occupational injury. These findings confirm the hypothesis of Compensating Wage Differential (CWD) for Pakistan and underscore the importance of developing efficient occupational safety and health systems to protect workers and promote economic growth.
The Impact of Inflation and Unemployment on Income Inequality in Pakistan
Authors: Shabnum Sumera , Malik Zilakat
Published: April 2023

Income Inequality is the main obstacle in eradicating poverty. This research calculates the estimated degree of income disparity in Pakistan through various techniques. It finds out the impact of macroeconomic factors like inflation, unemployment and GDP growth rate on the degree of income inequality using logit model on data from 1980 to 2020. Gini Index shows that income inequality is more for urban regions as compared to rural areas of Pakistan. Whereas among the provinces, Punjab is suffering the most from unfair distribution of income.  The regression results show the significance of all selected variables toward income inequality in Pakistan. It shows that inflation and unemployment have negative impact on Gini index while GDP growth rate has a positive influence which is quite possible in a developing country like Pakistan lagging behind in industrialization and service provisions. The study helps in making certain policies to reduce income inequality.
The Influence of Despotic Leadership on Project Success: the Mediating Role of Psychological Empowerment and Psychological Safety
Authors: Haseeb Muhammad , Shah Muzammel
Published: April 2023

Drawing on affective event theory, the current research intends to examine the link amongst despotic leadership, project success, psychological empowerment and psychological safety. A total of 706 supervisors and their staff of three project-based information technology (IT) companies located in Lahore took part in a time-lagged survey. The subjects of the study were selected through convenience sampling procedure. The theorized relationships were analyzed utilizing structural equation modeling. Findings uncovered that despotic leadership significantly affected project success. Furthermore, psychological empowerment mediated the association of despotic leadership and project success. However, the mediation of psychological safety was not significant. The research implications are deliberated.
Consumer and biologically active quality indicators of sublimated fruits and berries
Authors:   Institute of Horticulture of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Vintskovska Yu.Yu. , Hrynyk R.I. ,   Institute of Horticulture of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine
Published: April 2023

The article shows the effect of freeze-drying on consumer and biologically valuable indicators of product quality. An important place in the food industry is occupied by drying processes, one of them is sublimation, which is recommended for products containing heat-sensitive antioxidant components such as ascorbic acid and phenolic substances. The article describes in detail the technological process of lyophilization and the stages of which it consists, namely: product preparation, freezing, sublimation, which is divided into primary and secondary drying, and packaging of the dried product. During the theoretical study of the question of the influence of sublimation on the quality of products, the ambiguity of the data was established, which contributes to further, more detailed study, taking into account varietal and weather factors. For example, a number of scientists Pérez-Gregorio, Robles-Sánchez R.M., Patthamakanokporn O., Pérez-Gregorio M.R., Pérez-Gregorio M.R., Rodrigues A.S., Que F., Mao L., Wojdylo A., Figiel A., Wojdylo A., Figiel A., Skrovankova S., Sumczynski D., Wojdyło A., Figiel A. note that post-harvest processes, including various types of fruit drying, negatively affect their chemical composition, in particular, the content of vitamin C, polyphenols and their antioxidant activity. The claim of a high percentage of ascorbic acid retention in freeze-dried fruits was confirmed by Dario Donno, Rupasinghe H.V., Fernandes F.A.N., Hawlader M.N.A. Studies on the effect of lyophilization on changes in the polyphenolic complex and bioactivity of fruits are quite controversial. Researchers Scheuermann E. et all proved that phenolic content and antioxidant activity increased during sublimation, while Kaya, Skrovankova S., Değirmencioğlu N. reported that drying fruits during the production of snacks does not significantly change their qualitative polyphenolic profile. The fact of an increase in the polyphenolic complex in freeze-dried blueberries was proven by the American researcher Esteban I. Other data contradicting the above data were obtained in the course of their research by researchers Paes J., Dotta R., who note that lyophilization reduces the amount of phenolic compounds.
Effect of post-harvest treatment of apples with Smart Fresh Protabs on density and ethylene activity
Authors:   State Biotechnology University, Leus V.V.
Published: April 2023

To prevent losses during storage of apples in countries with developed horticulture, manufacturers use growth regulators based on 1-MCP. In Ukraine, preparations based on 1-MCP are recommended for use during long-term storage of apples for the purpose of restraining ripening and aging, preserving fruit quality. The purpose of the research was to establish the effect of post-harvest treatment with a new preparation for the Ukrainian market, Smart Fresh ProTabs, during refrigerated storage of fruits of Renet Symyrenka, Golden Delicious, Pinova, Red Jonaprinz, Red Delicious, Fuji apple varieties on changes in fruit density and ethylene activity. The storage chambers were loaded with fruits for four days. After the chamber was fully loaded with fruits, the air temperature was set at 5.5 ºC, after which the chamber was closed for 24 hours for cooling. The next day, before treating the chamber with Smart Fresh ProTabs, it was well ventilated for 30-40 minutes. After airing, the fans in the refrigerator chamber were turned on to the forced position, the place of the greatest air movement was determined, where the source of Smart Fresh ProTabs was installed. 24 hours after the start of treatment, the chamber was opened and well ventilated. As a result of research, the feasibility of processing apple fruits after harvesting with Smart Fresh ProTabs, which provides a significant difference in the pulp density of processed apple fruits, and control samples after a stress test, keeping them for 10 days at a temperature of 18-23 ºС, has been proven. Regardless of the variety, the difference was more than 1 kg/cm2. The research results showed a significant slowing down of the ethylene release of apple fruits treated with the Smart Fresh preparation, which ensures the preservation of the color of the fruits, their commercial appearance, slows down ripening and aging, as well as the loss of pulp density. The Golden Delicious variety responded most effectively to treatment with Smart Fresh ProTabs, for which the intensity of ethylene release decreased by 528 times compared to untreated fruits.
Mengedukasi pemuda dalam mengembangkan softskill melalui pelatihan penulisan karya ilmiah di kelurahan panggungrejo
Authors: Laili Innayatul , Adawiyah Robiyatul , Mujiwati Yuniar , Nur aziz Adi , Maya damayanti Ayu
Published: April 2023

Isi abstraksi, antara 150-250 kata, cukup satu paragraf. Kalau Anda melihat huruf abu-abu di sini, kesalahan bukan pada mata Anda. Forms ini dibuat dengan memanfaatkan fasilitas yang disediakan oleh MsWord. Sepertinya, untuk lebih memudahkan,gunakan bahasa yang sama dengan yang Anda gunakan pada tulisan Anda. Gunakan style Abstrak Isi untuk format ini. Jika Anda menggunakan template ini dengan benar, maka semua penomoran akan di-generate secara otomatis. Jadi Anda tidak perlu mengeditnya secara manual. Tentu saja, jika Anda membuat suatu bagian dari makalah ini yang memerlukan penomoran sesudah template ini, maka nomor akan melanjutkan nomor bagian yang sudah ada. Sekali lagi Anda tidak perlu mengedit nomor bagian tersebut, karena jika isi template ini dihapus, maka dengan sendirinya nomor-nomor tersebut akan terurut dengan sendirinya. Jika Anda mau mencoba menghapus isi template ini, mohon di-back up dulu.
Primary trauma care courses in Gaza
Authors: KBE Sir Terence English
Published: April 2023

For the last 14 years the Primary Trauma Care Foundation, of which I am the Patron, has delivered courses in Primary Trauma Care to over 40 developing countries. Doctors in these countries, both in the cities and in rural areas, have then been better equipped to deal with patients with serious injuries. The courses, which are systematic and didactic, are of two days duration and are conducted by volunteers. These are followed by a one-day course for instructors, who then assume responsibility for teaching the course to doctors and nurses in their local area. The training manual has now been translated into 14 languages, including Arabic.

For the last 14 years the Primary Trauma Care Foundation, of which I am the Patron, has delivered courses in Primary Trauma Care to over 40 developing countries. Doctors in these countries, both in the cities and in rural areas, have then been better equipped to deal with patients with serious injuries. The courses, which are systematic and didactic, are of two days duration and are conducted by volunteers. These are followed by a one-day course for instructors, who then assume responsibility for teaching the course to doctors and nurses in their local area. The training manual has now been translated into 14 languages, including Arabic.
The Most Common Punctuation Errors Made by the English and the TEFL Majors at An-Najah National University
Authors: Raba' Ahmed Awad
Published: April 2023

The aim of this study is to investigate the most common punctuation mistakes which the English and the TEFL majors at An-Najah National University make in their writing. To this end, the researcher administered a test to a stratified random sample of 100 students from An-Najah University: 45 males and 55 females from the TEFL Department in the Faculty of Education and the English Department in the Faculty of Arts. The results revealed that the most common errors among the English and the TEFL majors at An-Najah University were: the overuse of comma at the expense of the period, the incorrect use of the capital letter, the wrong use of the quotation marks and the misuse of semicolon respectively. Furthermore, the results indicated that there were no significant differences in the number of punctuation errors due to gender and department; however, the results revealed that there were significant differences in the number of punctuation errors among the participants due to academic level. In the light of the study findings, the researcher recommended that all the teaching staff should overstress the importance of all the punctuation marks in the written and the oral communication courses.
Some Effects of the Weak and False Traditions on the Ideological and Educational Life of Muslims
Authors: Al-Kaysi Marwan Ibrahim
Published: April 2023

The sunnah is considered the second source of Islam. While the correct prophetic Traditions have played a positive role in explanation of Islamic Teachings, the weak and false Traditions have played a negative role in distorting the image of Islam among Muslims and non-Muslims. This essay is an attempt to expose the effects of these Traditions on various fields of Faith, and on different aspects of Muslim education, especially the treatment of women in Muslim societies.

تعد السنة المصدر الثاني للشريعة الإسلامية بعد القرآن الكريم. وكما كان للأحاديث الصحيحة دور إيجابي في العقيدة والشريعة وجوانب الإسلام كافة، فقد كان للأحاديث الضعيفة والموضوعة دور سلبي في شتى جوانب الحياة الإسلامية عبر العصور. وقد تفاوت هذا الأثر من منطقة لأخرى. إلا أن أكثرها سوءا كان في العقيدة والتربية. ويحاول الباحث أن يكشف عن بعض آثار الأحاديث غير الصحيحة في هذين الجانبين ونتائجها على عقيدة المسلمين وسلوكهم وكذلك اثر ذلك في التشكيك في مصداقية التفسير والمفسرين وإفساد وتشويه صورة العقيدة أمام غير المسلمين وتشكيك المسلمين في دينهم والغلو في رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وفي نشوء الفرق العقائدية. وأما في التربية فيتناول الباحث آثار الأحاديث الضعيفة على مسائل الطهارة والنجاسة والمسجد مع التركيز على قضية المرأة.
Science Teachers Attitudes at Gaza Basic Schools toward Scientific Creativity, Scientific Qualifications and Years of Experience
Authors: Al-Austath Mahmud , Amleh Mohammad Salim
Published: April 2023

This study aimed at investigating the effect of sex, academic qualifications and years of teaching experience on the attitudes of science teachers at middle stage in Gaza Strip schools toward creativity in science classes. The sample of the study consisted of 77 science teachers (46 males and 3 1 females). Attitude Scale toward creativity developed by the researchers was used. The results indicated that there was a significant difference in teachers attitudes toward creativity related to years of experience and academic qualifications while there was no effect on their attitudes toward creativity related to sex. A week correlation appeared between student attitudes toward creativity and their achievement.
According to these results the study recommended to develop positive attitudes toward creativity, to carry out more similar studies in different levels and to design other scales in order to locate the creativity and the attitudes toward creativity for both teachers and their students.

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى بحث اثر كل من الجنس والمؤهل العلمي والخبرة التدريسية على اتجاه معلمي العلوم في المرحلة الأساسية العليا في قطاع غزة نحو الإبداع العلمي وعلاقته بالتحصيل الدراسي. تكونت عينة الدراسة من 77معلما معلمة (46معلما، 31معلمة). وتجمع المعلومات ثم استخدام مقياس الاتجاه نحو الإبداع في العلوم الذي أعده الباحثان بالاعتماد على مراجعة الدراسات السابقة ذات الصلة بموضوع الدراسة. وتم استخدام اختبار تحصيلي في مادة العلوم من إعداد الباحثين أيضا. وقد استخدم الباحثان كلا من اختبار "ت"ومعامل ارتباط بيرسون لاختبار فرضيات الدراسة التي دلت على وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية تعزي لكل من المؤهل العلمي والخبرة التدريسية نحو الإبداع بينما لم يكن هناك فرق ذو دلالة إحصائية نحو الإبداع يعزي إلى الجنس. كما لم يكن هناك علاقة ارتباط قوية بين اتجاهات المعلمين نحو الإبداع ومتوسطات درجات التحصيل الدراسي لطلبتهم في العلوم. وقد أوصت هذه الدراسة على ضوء النتائج بتنمية اتجاهات ايجابية نحو الإبداع لكل من المعلم والطالب سواء وكذلك وجوب التميز بين الجوانب التحصيلية والجوانب الإبداعية التي تثار السلوك الصفي. كما أوصت بتصميم مقاييس جديدة ومقننة على البيئة المحلية لقياس الإبداع والاتجاه نحوه لكل من المعلمين وطلبتهم سواء بسواء.
License in Arabic Rhyme Poetry
Authors: Odeh Khalil
Published: April 2023

This research paper undertakes the poetic license as it is dealt with in the use of the mechanics of Arabic poetry. Arab critics considered the poetic license as a drawback of the rhyme; the poet deviates from the consistent rhyme.
The study also undertakes the poetic license as it appears in poetic texts. It is seen as a measure that tests the poet's ability to improvise with careful attention to meter, rhyme and meaning.
Defense Spending and Economic Performance: Evidence from the Arabian Countries
Authors: Makhool Basim
Published: April 2023

This study examines the relationship between defense spending and economic growth in a group of the Arab countries. Regression equations were estimated based on time-series and pooled data sets. The results confirmed that the relationship between military spending and economic growth hinges upon circumstances and does not follow some general law applicable to all places. Growth retardation and acceleration have been recorded in country-wise regression analysis, though precise coefficients differ from one country to another.
The Judgment on the use of animated drawings and Photographing them
Authors: Abdelhadi Helmi
Published: April 2023

يتضمن هذا البحث الحديث عن التصوير غير المجسم (ما ليس له ظل) أي الرسومات المسطحة من ذوات الأرواح، ويتحدث عن حكم اقتناء الصور المذكورة مفصلا أراء العلماء وأدلتهم مع بيان الراجح منها.
Attitudes of the Basic Schools Students towards Gymnastics
Authors: Abdelhaq Imad , Khader Yahya
Published: April 2023

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على اتجاهات تلاميذ المدارس الأساسية بمدينة نابلس نحو ممارسة رياضة الجمباز، إضافة إلى التعرف على أثر متغيرات الجنس، الصف، موقف الأهل، تشجيع المدرس والأجهزة والمعدات. لتحقيق ذلك أجريت الدراسة على عينة 204 تلميذ وتلميذة من عشر مدارس أساسية في مدينة نابلس للبنين والبنات، وقد طبق عليها استبانة مكونة من خمس مجالات(مجال التعاون، ومجال الصحة واللياقة البدنية، ومجال التفوق الرياضي، ومجال الجمال، والمجال النفسي). أظهرت النتائج أن الاتجاهات كانت ايجابية على جميع المجالات إضافة إلى وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى(a = 05ر0)في الاتجاهات نحو ممارسة رياضة الجمباز بين الذكور والإناث لصالح الذكور كذلك أظهرت النتائج وجود فروق تبعا لمتغير وجود أو عدم وجود الأجهزة والأدوات لصالح وجود أجهزة في المدارس. بينما لم تظهر فروق دالة إحصائيا على الاتجاهات الكلية تبعا لمتغيرات الصف، تشجيع الأهل تشجيع المدرس، وأوصى الباحثان على ضرورة الاهتمام برياضة الجمباز بالمدارس.
Level Plurality of the Rhetorical speech of Poetry
Authors: Odeh Khalil
Published: April 2023

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The Factors that Influence the Determination of the Public Accountant's Fees: A Field Study of Companies Listed in Amman Financial Market
Authors: Jahmani Omar
Published: April 2023

يهدف هذا البحث إلى العوامل التي تؤثر على تحديد أتعاب عملية التدقيق لحسابات الشركات المساهمة العامة المدرجة في سوق عمان المالي، وذلك من خلال استخدام نموذج الانحدار البسيط والمتعدد حيث تكون فيه الأتعاب عاملا تابعا وعدة عوامل تمثل حجم الشركة وتعقيد عملية التدقيق وخطرها كعوامل مستقلة. وقد طبق البحث على أتعاب التدقيق تتأثر بتلك العوامل، وانتهى البحث بتوصيات قد تساعد على تطوير مهنة المحاسبة والتدقيق في الأردن وتساعد في تحديد أتعاب المدققين بصورة منظمة وعملية.
Forehead & Echo, Echo of Soul, in Pre-Islamic Poetry
Authors: a-Deek Ihsan
Published: April 2023

يحاول هذا البحث أن ينزل الشاعر الجاهلي المنزلة التي تنبغي له، وأن يعيد إليه بعضا من اعتباره، فيتناول الهامة والصدى صدى للروح في الشعر الجاهلي، ليؤكد أن الإنسان الجاهلي لم يكن منبتا عمن حوله من الشعوب القديمة التي جاورته، وأنه التقى مع الإنسان القديم بعامة، في تصوراته، وطرائق تفكيره ونظرته للحياة والموت والكون من حوله. وتجلية لذلك، يجيب البحث عن بعض التساؤلات مثل: لم تخيل العرب الروح هامة أو صدى؟ ومن أين جاء هذان المصطلحان؟ وكيف شقا طريقهما إلى اللغة العربية؟ ولم ربط العرب بينهما وبين اليوم؟ وهل لهذا الربط جذور عقدية قديمة تمت للفكر الإنساني بصلة؟
Body Mass Index of An-Najah National University Students
Authors: Shaker Malik
Published: April 2023

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تحديد مؤشر كتلة الجسم لدى طلاب وطالبات جامعة النجاح الوطنية، إضافة إلى بناء معايير لمؤشر كتلة الجسم للطلاب والطالبات، وإجراء مقارنات بينهما، ولتحقيق ذلك أجريت الدراسة على عينة قوامها (2071) طبق عليها معادلة مؤشر كتلة الجسم: مؤشر كتلة الجسم (كغم/م2)=الوزن (كغم)/(الطول بالمتر)2 ومن أجل تحليل النتائج استخدمت المتوسطات الحسابية، والرتب المئينة، واختبار (ت) للمجموعات المستقلة، وقد أظهرت النتائج أن متوسط مؤشر كتلة الجسم عند الطلاب والطالبات كان جيدا في ضوء المعايير العالمية، حيث وصل المتوسط عند الطلاب (22.5 كغم/م2) وعند الطالبات (21.3 كغم/م2) وفيما يتعلق بالمعايير كان أفضل مستوى عند الطلاب 19.32 كغم/م2) بينما كان أفضل معيار عند الطالبات (18.36 كغم/م2). كذلك أظهرت النتائج وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (α=0.05) في مؤشر كتلة الجسم بين الطلاب والطالبات لصالح الطلاب. وأوصى الباحث بعدة توصيات من أهمها. استخدام المعايير التي تم التوصل إليها في تصنيف الطلبة تبعا لمتغير السمنة، والاستمرار في توجيه الطلبة حول أهمية الغذاء، والتمرين في الحفاظ على الصحة والوقاية من السمنة.
The Attitudes of Science Teachers at Basic and Secondary Schools in Nablus District towards Instructional Technology
Authors: Al-Asmar Naser , Ameleh Mohammad S.
Published: April 2023

This study aimed at investigating the influence of (sex, qualifications, years of experience, and stage of teaching) on the attitudes of science teachers at basic and secondary schools in Nablus District towards instructional technology. The researchers used a questionaire prepared and developed by (Hamdi, 1991).(376) teachers (males and females) represented the population of the study (115) teachers were selected as a hetrogenious, categorized, random sample. t-test. one-way analysis of variance, repeated measures design, and Scheffe -test were used to test the null hypothesis of the study. The results of the study were as follows: Significant differences (a= 0.05) were found between the attitude means of science teachers towards instructional technology and the neutral degree of general attitude (60%) this was in favour of the sample of the study, No significant differences (α = 0.05) were found between the attitude means of science teachers towards instructional technology attributed to (sex, qualifications, and years of experience). Significant differences (α= 0.05) were found between the attitude means of science teachers towards instructional technology attributed to the stage of teaching and it was in favour of the basic stage.

هدفت هذه الدراسة الى بحث اثر كل من العوامل (نوع المعلم، المؤهل العلمي، سنوات الخبرة التدريسية، والمرحلة التعليمية) على اتجاهات معلمي العلوم في مدارس محافظة نابلس الحكومية للمرحلتين الأساسية الثانوية نحو تقنيات التعليم. وقد تم استخدام استبانة لقياس اتجاهات أفراد العينة نحو هذه التقنيات، حيث طبقت الدراسة على عينة مكونة من (115) معلماً ومعلمة للعلوم تم اختيارهم بطريقة عشوائية طبقية غير متجانسة من مجتمع الدراسة التي بلغ عددهم (376) معلماً ومعلمة. وحللت نتائج استجابات أفراد العينة للاستبانات بطريقة الإحصاء التحليلي وذلك باستخدام اختبار (ت) لعينة واحدة (t-test for one sample)، وتحليل التباين الأحادي (one-way analysis of variance) وتصميم المقاييس المتكررة (repeated measures design)، واختبار شيفية (Scheffe-test). وقد أظهرت نتائج الدراسة تمتع أفراد العينة باتجاهات ايجابية دالة احصائيا نحو تقنيات التعليم تزيد عن درجة حياد الاتجاه العام. ولم توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين اتجاهات معلمي العلوم نحو تقنيات التعليم تعزي لكل من العوامل (نوع المعلم، المؤهل العلمي، سنوات الخبرة التدريسية)، في حين وجدت فروق دالة إحصائياً بين اتجاهاتهم نحو هذه التقنيات تعزى للمرحلة التعليمية لصالح المرحلة الأساسية.