bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Case Study of Snapshot Replication and Transfer of Data in Distributed Databases
Authors: Saadi Hamad Thalij  , Veli Hakkoymaz
Published: April 2023

The database replication refers to distributing a database among multiple locations. There are three kinds of database replication system: snapshot, transactional and merge. The snapshot replication refers to the fragment of database items and distributing them to multi databases at once. An important goal in this paper is to experiment with a distributed database study the snapshot replication and examine the issues associated with it. In this work, the data from another database is used to increase availability and flexibility as well as provide the information exchange between databases. In this process, the data is infrequently updated at specified periods by copying and changing the data from the original database towards the subscriber database. The work of agents in this technology will do the most of the work to achieve the stated goal. The experimental results show that at both vertical and horizontal fragmentation, the proposed approach of replicating distributed database is efficient and the performance is significantly improved in terms of data transfer time, load sharing and update of database fragmentation. Hence the snapshot replication system is much schedulable and protective replication in business markets.
Arduino – Based Electronic Voting Machine
Authors: Marwa Adeeb Al-jawaherry
Published: April 2023

The main objective of this paper is to design and implement Electronic Voting Machine (EVM) using fingerprint sensor for authentication. The design is based on the microcontroller (Arduino Mega 2560), fingerprint sensor for scanning voter’s fingerprint before voting, “2.4” TFT LCD screen for displaying the instructions and voter information, Buzzer, SD card reader. System database comprising password ID for all voters and fingerprint are stored in microcontroller for comparing and verification during polling. If already voter casted his vote and he/she trying to enter for second time into the electronic voting machine, then buzzer will alert the master user. The proposed Electronic Voting Machine will save the time and effort of voters as it is characterized by reliability and ease of use in addition to rapid response to users. At the end of the ballot, the result will be stored in flash memory through which the master user can retrieve and see them. During the construction of any electronic voting system, several aspects must consider, the most important is the privacy of voters and the accuracy of the voting process in addition to maintaining the security of data, this research provides a safe and reliable voting system.
Solving Three Dimensions Volterra Integral Equations (TDVIE) via a Neural Network
Authors: Nahdh S. M. Al-Saif  , Ameen Sh. Ameen  , Ghaith Fadhil Abbas
Published: April 2023

The aim of this paper  is present a new numerical method for solvingThree Dimensions Volterra Integral Equations using artificial neural network by design multilayer feed forward Neural Network. A multi- layers design in our proposed method consist of a hidden layer having seven hidden units. and one linear output unit. Linear Transfer function used as each unit and using Levenberg- Marquardtalgorithmtraining. Moreover, examples on three- dimensional Volterra integral equations carried out to illustrate the accuracy and the efficiency of the presented method. In addition, some comparisons among proposed method and Shifted Chebyshev Polynomials method and Reduced Differential Transform Method are presented
Determination of the effect of some biological products of Synechocystis pevalekii on some pathogenic bacteria isolated from wounds and urinary tract
Authors: AL-Doury. Raad Abdalrazaq Hamdy  , Hameed Salman Khamees
Published: April 2023

The sample were collected from different environments, growth and diagnosis of Cyanobacteria Species Synechocystis pevalekii was conducted in AL-Dour district / Salahaldeen governorate rocks having algae taken from the edge of the river, a water sample and mud sample from the river, and a soil sample from a planted land. The medium BG11 was used for its growth and measuring the daily increase of growth and chlorophyll these indicators were compared during their growth in four modified media of BG11 which were BG11+0.5g/L NaNo3, BG11+0.006g/L (NH4)5[Fe(C6H4O7)2]2H2S and BG11+0.1µ/L MoO3 and the media BG11 was subjecte to all the mentioned additions, and the last was the medium BG11 was subjecte to all the mentioned additions the most effective in increasing daily growth and chlorophyll. Its bio- products were also extracted and the inhibitory efficacy of biological products of Synechocystis pevalekii was selected for species of bacteria isolated from wounds and urinary tract E.coli, Klebseilla pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis with the concentrations 10,000 , 7000 , 5000, 3000 , 2000 , 1000 µgm/ml . The concentration 10,000 µgm/ml showed a clear inhibitory effect E.coli 12mm, klebseilla pneumonia 5.5mm, Staphylococcus aureus 14 mm, Staphylococcus epidermidis 15.5mm whereas the concentration 1000 µgm/ml did not show any inhibitory effect for the growth of isolated bacteria under study. The other  concentrations showed varied effects. The active compound of the bio-product for the species of Synechocystis pevalekii was diagnosed by the device GC-Mass as a N-di-Alanylglycin. In addition the IR device was used and showed the active groups the alkanes and the amides and alkines and aldehydes and aminos.
Studying the specific characteristics of the water of some wells in the city of Tikrit
Authors: Abd A. Hassan- Erdeni  , , Ziad K. Jasim AL-Turshan
Published: April 2023

The study of the water of five wells in the city of Tikrit was conducted for the period from December 2016 to March 2017 where its ages ranged from 6 to 27 years and the depths between 90 - 120 m and are all used to irrigate crops and for washing. Some physical and chemical properties were also studied, temperature which ranged between 22-23.6 C° and electrical conductivity which ranged between1742.5-3002.5 microsimens / cm and the total alkaline which ranged between 53-193 mg / L, as well as many other properties total hardness, calcium and magnesium hardness, pH, sodium and potassium ions. The results proved that the well waters were hard and ranged between 1055.7- 1257.48 mg / L.
Study of some biochemical variations in women used the steroidal contraceptive type
Authors: Saria Naji Muhsin Al-dury
Published: April 2023

This study included (100) samples of women used Steroidal Contraceptive types in  (Samarra General Hospital) (20) blood samples pulled from healthy women as Control sample. The samples were distribted into three groups; the first group:- (40) women used a combined oral contraceptive the second group: -(40) women used Combined injectable contraceptive. The third group:- (20)  was the women not used contraceptiv (control). The results of the study indicated high significant decrease in the Concentration of the Uric acid (P <0.001) and a high increment in the Concentration of the creatinine at level (P <0.001) in approach  to the control group. The results revealed high significant decrease in the proteins of the blood (Total protein, Albumin) (P <0.001)when compared to control cluster. while the results showed a rise in the concentration of Cholesterol, Triglyceride, LDL (P <0.001) effective decrease in the HDL when compared to the control group.
Identifying and Study of some of Phytochemical compounds and Anti-Jaundice Activity for powder of leaves and seeds of Moringa oleifera in male albino rats.
Authors: Wijdan I.A. Abd-alwahab
Published: April 2023

The present study aimed to revealing and identifying some of phytochemical compounds, bioactive fatty acids and antioxidants for powder of leaves and seeds of Moringa oleifera that cultivated in Iraq which have been many identified by using modern techniques such as gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique. And then study and test the preventive and Therapy effects for powder of leaves and seeds in present study against hepatotoxicity that induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and against jaundice. These effects were tested by measuring total bilirubin concentrations of total bilirubin and γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) in serum of normal male rats, exposed to CCl4 and that treated with powder of leaves and seeds of Moringa oleifera along the period of experiment (30) days, used (20) albino male rats divide to (4) groups, that is meaning (5) rats for each group. The rats group that exposed to CCl4 caused a significant increase (P<0.05) in concentrations of total bilirubin and GGT enzyme in comparison with normal control group. Whereas the animals which exposed to CCl4 then treated with powder of leaves and seeds of Moringa oleifera lead to significant decrease (P<0.05) in total bilirubin and GGT enzyme concentration in comparison with the group that exposed to CCl4 only. It could be concluded of this study that using powder of leaves and seeds of Moringa oleifera may be have Preventive and therapeutic effects against damage and hepatotoxicity, subsequently, anti-jaundice activity through its nutritional and antioxidant influences for remove of free radicals and repairing cellular and tissues from toxic damage
Study of some biochemical and hematological parameters in continuously hemodialysis patients in Kirkuk city
Authors: Nawal Abdullah Murtadha
Published: April 2023

Introduction: The severity of chronic renal failure (CRF) classified by professional  guidelines in five stages, stage 5 is a severe illness often called end stage kidney failure or end stage renal disease (ESRD), dialysis may be used for this stage. Dialysis treatments replace some of these functions through diffusion (waste removal) and ultrafiltration (fluid removal). Hemodialysis, is a process of purifying the blood, when the kidneys are not working normally. It is one of three renal replacement therapies (the other two being peritoneal dialysis and renal transplant).
Materials and Methods: The samples of this study consists of 80 patients (42 males, 38 females) and 85 healthy individuals (43 males, 42 females) from (20 - 70) years old of age. Serum paraoxonase-1 (PON1), `5-nucleatidase, blood urea ( BU), serum creatinine Cr, serum iron (Fe), serum total iron binding capacity (TIBC), Serum feritin, serum amylase activity and serum lipase activity were determined. Some hematological parameters includes packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin (Hb), white blood cells count (WBCs), red blood cell count (RBCs) were measured, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), Body mass index (BMI) and creatinine clearance Ccl were also measured.
Results: Decreased levels of some enzymes activity and some biochemical and hematological parameters and increased others in continuous and regular hemodialysis patients in Kirkuk city. Blood urea and serum creatinine showed significant increased (P˂0.05) in their levels, while the creatinine clearance was significantly decreased (P˂0.05) in patients with continuous hemodialysis patients when compared to those of controls. In the present study; there was significant decreased (P˂0.05) in PON-1 in patients when compared to those of controls. However, the serum`5-NT, amylase and lipase activities were significantly increased (P ˂ 0.05) in these patients when compared with serum of normal individuals. In the present study; there was significant decreased in Fe and TIBC concentrations in the serum of patients when compared to those of healthy control individuals (P˂0.05). While the serum ferritin was significantly increased (P˂0.05) in these patients as compared to the controls. In the present study; there was significant decreased (P ˂ 0.05) in Hb and PCV and RBCs concentrations inthese patients when compared to those of controls. While WBCs and ESR was significantly increased (P˂0.05) in these patients as compared to the controls.
Conclusion: Serum paraoxonase PON -1 activity is the  most commonly affected than other biochemical parameters in continuous hemodialysis patients. Anemia, pancreatitis are the common and often an early complication of chronic renal diseases
Evaluation of Lipid Profile changes in children with urinary tract infections
Authors: Ammar Lateef Hussein
Published: April 2023

Back ground:  many researches about  urinary tract infection has been conducted on adults but very little has been done on children. Therefore, this research is novel in Salahaddin city-Iraq.
Urinary tract infection is a bacterial infection that affects part of the urinary tract. It affects the lower urinary tract as well as upper urinary tract. It is characterized by painful urination, urge to urinate or sometimes frequent urination. Other symptoms include fever in addition to flank pains.
Bacteria infections cause a variety of changes in lipid profile concentrations by generating free radicals. Free radicals are reactive species generated by biochemical redox interactions that occur as a part of normal cell metabolism. These free radicals may cause lipid peroxidation and damage cellular structures of organism particularly erythrocytes and endothelium. Lipid peroxidation are free radicals mediated chain of reaction that, once initiated, results in oxidative deterioration of polyunsaturated lipids. The most common goal are components of biological membrane. When propagated in biological membranes, these reaction can be initiated or enhanced by a number of toxic products, including endoperoxides and aldehydes.
Aim: The aims of this study were to evaluate the lipid profile of the children in acute phase of urinary tract infections.
Methodology: Case-control study was designed to evaluate  the lipid profile change in children with lower UTI. The study was performed on 130 children with ages between (4 – 12) years, 90 children with lower UTI  (34.4% male)  and (65.6% female,) and 40 control (45.0% male) and (55.0% female) in pediatric department of Salahaddin Teaching  hospital from May  2017 till October  2017. The data were analyzed through the SPSS V.23 application, descriptive data analysis was done through frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation in addition to T-test to compare results.
Results: The results showed  there was a significant decreased in the levels of Cholesterol, LDL, and HDL  when compared to control group (144.02±17.69, 75.76±12.695, and 44.66±8.742 vs 167.65±13.13, 89.73±13.45, and 60.95±6.26 respectively), while there were a significant increase in triglycerides and VLDL in study group when compared to control group (118.03±18.66, and 23.56±3.76 vs 85.95±10.25, and 17.28±2.063  respectively).
Conclusion: These observation shows that low levels of lipid,  particularly total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and increased triglycerides (TG) probably be
The Influence of Bores Diameter on the SEM's Objective Lens Properties
Authors: Rafa Y. J. Al-Salih
Published: April 2023

In a previous study, a new design of a magnetic objective lens had been chosen among five new designs as the preferred one. Both of the iron shroud and polepiece bore diameters of the preselected lens have been changed and studied in this work to improve its magnetic and optical properties. An extensive investigation has been done to analyze the magnetic field distribution, magnetic flux density, and optical properties for each model using the finite element method (FEM) with the computer-aided programs. All the analyses have been carried out at the same coil excitation (NI = 10 kA.t). The new improved design yield here will be prepared to fabrication to be used as an objective lens for the SEM.
The effect of gold Nanoparticles on Structural and Electrical properties of WO3 thin films
Authors: Niran F. Abdul-Jabbar  , Issam M.Ibrahim  , Abeer H. Fezaa
Published: April 2023

Chemical spray pyrolysis technique was used at temperature 250˚C with annealing temperature at 400C˚( for 1hour) to deposition tungsten oxide thin film with different doping concentration of Au nanoparticle (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40) wt.% on glass substrate with thickness about 100 nm. The structural and electrical properties were investigated. The structure properties shows that the films at substrate by x-ray diffraction (XRD) temperature (250˚C) was amorphous structure while at annealing temperature have a polycrystalline structure with the preferred orientation of (200) , all the samples have a hexagonal structure for WO3 and Au gold nanoparticles have a cubic structure .The mechanisms of dc-conductivity of un-doped WO3 and doped with Au (10,20,30 and 40) wt.% thin films at the range (303  to 473) K have been discussed , there is decrease in conductivity with the increase in the doping concentration and hall measurements show that all films have a negative hall coefficient and nH  increases with the increase of Au dopant ratio and decreasing in carrier mobility (μH) with increasing of Au .
The effect of adding different percentages of Copper on corrosion of pure Aluminum
Authors: Nawzad J. Mahmood
Published: April 2023

Aluminum and its alloys normally solidify in a columnar structure according to directionally slow cooling rate which results in decreasing the mechanical strength. Aluminum has a huge tendency to unite with oxygen to form oxide film on its surface, offers of it excellent resistance to corrosion and provides years of maintenance-free service and offered it excellent corrosion resistance and spare a lot of years without maintenance. Because of the aluminum and its alloys in fact work applications. Study was carried out on the coppers impact in addition to pure aluminum were six different Al-Cu alloys of (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6) wt% Cu content were prepared and experimentally tested in acidic and alkaline medium. As in general the increase in the percentages of copper led to increased total corrosion rates of the samples submerged in corrosive medium. From obtained results has been reached that the corrosion rate of the alloy which 6%Cu content was (0.02585MPY) higher than the corrosion rate of the alloy of the 1%Cu content where it was (0.00081MPY) were the two alloys submerged in acidic medium, while the corrosion of the alloy 6%Cu was (0.505414MPY) higher than the from the corrosion rate of 1%Cu which it was (0.433369MPY) were the two alloys submerged in alkali medium. As was attained that the corrosion rates in the alkaline medium were higher in acidic medium corrosion rates.
New traveling wave solutions of a nonlinear diffusion–convection equation by using standard tanh method
Authors: Seham I. Aziz  , Wafaa M. Taha  , Raad A. Hameed  , Ibrahem M. Taha
Published: April 2023

Exact solutions of traveling wave are acquired by employ a relatively new technique which is called standard tanh method for a nonlinear diffusion–convection equation. The tanh method is applied for the first time for finding travelling wave solutions for the nonlinear diffusion–convection equation , where n and m, are integers, and , of order (m=4, n=7) and (m=5, n=9). Analytical solutions of a nonlinear diffusion–convection equations are obtained as a polynomial in tanh(x), and the plots for exact solutions are given. The obtained results are compared with F-Expansion method to validate the proposed approach.
Study the physical and chemical properties of groundwater in the Al-Alam within the province of Salah al-Din
Authors: Israa Salman Dalaas  , Riedh Abass Abduljabar
Published: April 2023

The current study was designed to investigate some of the physical and chemical properties of the five wells located in Al-Alam aera during  the period from October2016 to March 2017. The results clarify monthly variation of above properties. Air and water temperature ranged (9-32) (19-24)C0 respectively. Turbidity values ​​were between (0.00-3.95) NTU, and electrical conductivity values ​​ were (2210-6350) μhs/cm. PH values ranged between (7.2-8.4). Chloride ions valeus were between (12-100) mg/L. The alkalinity values ​due to bicarbonate were varied between (60-351) mg/L. The total hardness, calcium  and magnesium were varied between (1480-4600), (760-2000) and (160-2600) mg/L respectively. Nitrate values ​​ranged between (0.200-3.51)µgN-NO3/L.
Detection some active Compounds in the Leaves and Stems of Local Coriander Plant - Coriandrum sativum L.
Authors: Raghad Z. Sulaiman  , Yaseen M. Ahmed
Published: April 2023

This research aimed at studying some of the chemical compounds of the leaves and stems of a local plant "Coriander". Inclusive  chemical Detection for the most important active chemical compounds that exist in this plant were carried out. The most chemically effective groups of compounds were identified using the (FTIR) spectrophotometer. It was found that the leaves of this plant contain Glycosides, Saponins, Resins, Flavonieds, Alkaloids, Phenoles and Coumarines. The (pH) of leaves was found to be equal to (5.48). It was also found that the stems of this plant contain Flavonieds, Terpenes, Steroids, Glycosides, Coumarines, Saponins, Resins and Volatile Oils. The (pH) of stems was found to be equal to (5.46). The presence of these compounds in locally planted Coriander  makes it one of the important medical herbs. The results of this research confirm the medical significance of this plant results from the existence of the active compounds. It is recommended to encourage planting Coriander in Iraq for medical purposes.
The efficacy of omega-3 supplements in prevention of preeclampsia among pregnant women with high risk factors in Sulaymaniyah governorate
Authors: Yossra Saleh Khudhur  , Nabela Kamel  Yaquoob  , Shaimaa Saleh  Khudhur
Published: April 2023

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, including preeclampsia, complicate up to 10% of pregnancies worldwide, constituting one of the greatest causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the efficacy of omega-3 supplements in prevention of preeclampsia among women with high risk. This study was carried out at Shanroy Hospital in al –Sulaimanya city from January 2016 till December 2016.In a single blind clinical trial, a total of 100 pregnant women were divided into two groups, one group had received omega-3 1000 mg and another group receive capsule prefilled with glucose as placebo.
Selection criteria include: primipara women, ages under than 20 and above 40 years, previous history of preeclampsia or positive family history, obesity, history of renal disease and hypertension. Demographic profile with pregnancy length and neonatal outcome were recorded. The result of this study showed there was significant difference in development of preeclampsia during current pregnancy between omega-3 and placebo groups and there was a significant relationship (p<0.05) between both groups when compare the preeclampsia   in its all forms. In conclusion, omega-3 deems promising drug for prevention of preeclampsia in pregnant women with high risk.
Determination of Stability for imines derived from carbonyl compounds by conductivity measurements
Authors: A.S.P. Azzouz  , D.B.AL-Bakzo
Published: April 2023

The project explained for the first time, how conductivity method was used in the determination of stability of some imines derived from mother compounds 2-acetyl pyridine, 3 or 4 –hydroxy benzaldehyde, and others.
The method as found, simple precise and fast for the  determination of stability of imines in 10% ethanol aqueous medium, as measured by evaluation of their conductance. Different conductance values for 10-2 M imine solutions in the range (5.53-180) μmho were collected experimentally as interpreted and discussed.
Structural Development of Khalakan Anticline and Deposition of Dokan Conglomerate, Northeastern Iraq
Authors: Manal Shakir Al-Kubaisi  , Ayyed Hussein Ward
Published: April 2023

The research shows the relation between the structural development of Khalakan Anticline and the deposition of Dokan Conglomerate. Khalakan anticline is located in NE Iraq, within the High Folded Zone of the Iraqi Western Zagros Fold – Thrust Belt, where the southwestern limb of it represents the boundary between the High Folded and Low Folded zones. The old exposed rocks in the study area ranges from the Cretaceous Qamchuqa Formation to Late Miocene Injana Formation, where these rocks form the limbs of the anticline. The young exposed rocks represented by Dokan Conglomerate, where these rocks form erosional angular unconformity with the old formations. The study shows that the growth of Khalakan Anticline occurred in Late Miocene and developed in Late Pliocene as fold related to the back-thrust fault. The study concluded that the deposition of Dokan Conglomerate in the study area is controlled by the back-thrusting through the structural development of the anticline, consequently the pliocene rivers deposited boulders size from Pila Spi Formation on the southwestern back-limb and deposited the clay size on the norteastern limb of the anticline.
A study of Electronic Structure in W–Cu Alloys by using	RFA and FE models
Authors: Fareed M. Mohammed  , Shalash A. Mohammed  , Abdul Qader A. Hussein  , Sameh H. Saleh
Published: April 2023

In this paper, Compton  profile for Tungsten (W) was computed by  employing both the RFA and FE models setting several electronic configurations in subset (5d-6s). same were done for copper (Cu) by chosen (3d-4s) subshells, these Results were compared with recent experimental data, these study are extended to the electronic state in (W0.60 Cu0.40, W0.72 Cu0.28) alloys. The superposition are adopted to calculate the total C.P for the two alloys, where the calculated values for W& Cu of the constituent are used, the available measured data on both alloys are in very good agreement with the superposition of Compton profiles of the pure constituent metales .
Study the Spectral Properties of the Molecule [Pentacene (C22H14)] by Using Semi-empirical Quantum Programs
Authors: Galsan T. Kamal  , Abdul Hakim Sh. Mohammed  , N. K. Hassan
Published: April 2023

The Study aims to determine the spectral properties of the molecule pentacene (C22H14) by using Semi-empirical quantum programs [Hyper Chem8.0, WinMopac7.21] by (MNDO–PM3) (Modified Neglect of Differential Overlap-Parameterization Model3). The study cover calculations of the space geometrical shape of pentacene molecule has been calculated by using  initial and final matrixes, including length, the angle between bonds, dihedral angles and the charge of each  atom in the pentacene molecules. Total energy, the electronic energy, zero point energy, energy gap, core-core repulsion, ionization energy, and dipole moment for molecule were calculate. Curved potential energy per molecule was drawn where it was adopted to change the length of the bonds (C1-C2),(C1=C4), and (C1-H23) in the pentacene molecule. As well, as have been obtained vibration frequencies of pentacene in (IR) region and electronic transition in (UV) region. The study’s results were in agreement with the previous research..
Calculation of the Mott Scattering cross section for Iron and Silver in the energy range (50keV-10MeV)
Authors: Muneer Ramadan Badah  , Sabah Mahmoud Aman Allah
Published: April 2023

In the present research work, we tableted  the ratio of Mott to Rutherford cross section ( ), for Iron and Silver atoms by employing Mckinley - Fashbach equation , in the range of incident electron energy (50KeV-10MeV), by adopting the equations used in the presen calculations by using Visual Basic 2010. The results shows that the ratio ( is mostly influenced with two parameters :incident electron energy and atomic number of the target material on the Mott cross section. The obtained results were compared with previous results, and they shows a good agreement, and his confirms the validity of the equations used in the employed energy range.
Triple Operators of Order n on a Hilbert Space
Authors: Elaf Sabah Abdulwahid Rijab
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we introduce a new class of operators on a complex Hilbert space  which is called triple operators of order n. An operator  is called triple operator of order n if  where  is the adjoint of the operator .
We investigate some basic properties of such operators and study the relation between the triple operators of order n and some kinds of operators.
Study of follistatin and sex hormones level in women with polycystic ovarian sayndrome in Baghdad
Authors: Ikhlass Abdul wahab Maarouf  , Zaid Mohamad Mubarak
Published: April 2023

The aim of this search was to study the levels of follistatin and a number of sex hormones of polycystic ovary syndrome patients (PCOS).The study included 70 blood samples of women infected with PCOS and 20 samples from healthy women as control. The study had been perfigureed in Baghdad / Kamal al-Samarrai Hospital. The patient had been diagnosed with ultrasound waves (sonar device) by specialized physicians in the hospital. The research requirements for the period from September 2016 to March 2017. The results showed high significant difference (p <0.01) in the concentration of follistatin in women with PCOS compared with healthy women. On the other hand, there was a significant decrease (p <0.01) in the concentration of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in women with PCOS compared to control. The results showed high significant increase (P<0.01) in the concentrations of prolactin hormone and testosterone hormone  in patients with PCOS compared to control.
Estimation the activity of Copeptin, insulin, and C-peptide from patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Entedhar R.  Sarhat  , Madlen Qassm Abbas
Published: April 2023

Copeptin, the C-terminal part of the vasopressin prohormone, is secreted stoichiometrically with vasopressin that is more easily measured than Arginine vasopressin. The present study was conducted in Kirkuk Teaching Hospital in Kirkuk city during the period from June 2016 to January 2017, to determine serum copeptin concentration in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and investigate the relationship between copeptin  with insulin, and C-peptide, parameters. A total of 80 cases were enrolled in the study. All were over 18 years of age, and consisted of 40 women with POCS, and 40 healthy subjects. Blood samples were collected from all women with PCOS and healthy between 8 and 11 AM, after fasting overnight. Copeptin, insulin, and C-peptide levels in each of the cases have been measured. There was a significant increase in serum copeptin, insulin, C-peptide, and glucose levels in PCOS group when compared with healthy controls. So the copeptin assay may be a useful alternative method to direct measurement of Arginine vasopressin concentration.
Histopathological Effects Of Ethanolic Extract of Saffron Flowers Crocus sativus L. On Stomach And Small Intestine of White Mice Females Mus musculus
Authors: Ali Ashgar Abd  , Baidaa Abdul Aziz Mohamed Salah  , Nadwa S. M. Al-Azow
Published: April 2023

The current study was designed to identify the histopathplogical effects of the ethanolic extract of saffron flowers on the stomach and small intestine of female adult mouse at the doses of 25, 50 mg / kg of body weight (b.w.) for the periods 15, 30 days and once a day. Behavioral changes were include rapid movement of the animals, a simple lack of appetite for water and food, excitation, hyperactivity, hostility, weakness and convulsions in the movement of mice. The results showed histopathological changes of the mice stomach and that was at the dose of 25 mg /kg of b.w. for the above periods, lymphatic cells infiltration between gastric glands cells in the mucosa and submucosa, as well as degeneration and necrosis of the cells of the gastric glands and edema, While at the dose of 50 mg /kg of b.w. and for the same above periods,  an increased lymphocytic infiltration with blood vessels congestion, degeneration and necrosis of a large number of cells in the muscularis mucosa were observed. tissue lesions were increased as the period of treating increased, while the small intestine and for the above periods histological changes at the dose of 25 mg /kg b.w. characterized by congestion of blood vessels lining the small intestine, lymphocyte infiltration and its extension to the muscularis, degeneration of the villi epithelial cells and hemorrhage between muscularis cells. At the dose of 50 mg/kg b.w. for the  above periods, acute lymphocyte and neutrophils infiltration in mucosa and sub mucosa were observed, as well as sever degeneration in their cells, coagulative necrosis was also observed in the entire  cells of the lining of the small intestine.
Study of the effect of some alcoholic plant extracts in the control of adult domestic flies. Musca domestica
Authors: Rashed Ismail Taha Al- Mashhadani  , Ahmed Ali Al – Issa
Published: April 2023

In this study, the toxic effect of the plant extracts of Mentha Piperita, Datora innoxia, Olea europea, and Dichlorvos (DDVP) were investigated in the domestic flies of Musca domestica. The domestic flies were treated with plant extracts and diclorophosphate with a fine spray method at 30 ± 2 ° C and 70 ± 5% relative humidity. Results were observed 24 to 48 hours of treatment respectively.
The results obtained from the present study showed that the vegetal extracts of Datura and Olives were given the highest corrected mortality rates (75.6 and 74.2) for the extracts of Datura and Olives respectively, and through these arithmetic averages, The insect also did not differ statistically but differed in the rates of killing from the ethanol extract of mint leaves and the Dichlorvos (DDVP) used in the experiment.
Evaluation of the prevalence of viral bronchitis infection in broiler chicken by using ELISA Technique
Authors: N.A. Jassim  , A. Ul-Jabbar M.H  , N.R.Ameen  , W.S.A.Alshamari  , Ismael I.Hasan  , B.S.Nomi
Published: April 2023

The study was conducted to evaluate the seroprevalence of Infectious Bronchitis virus (IBV) in broiler chickens farms in Kirkuk Governorate. The technique has been used in the study, Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Nine hundred serum samples were collected from (10) broilers farms, During the period from April 2016 to May 2016, including (90) samples from (1) symptomatic, non-vaccinated broilers farms. (90) samples from one asymptomatic, vaccinated broilers farm, and another (630) samples from one asymptomatic, non-vaccinated broilers farm, the remaining (90) samples from one symptomatic, vaccinated broilers farms, and were tested for the presence of IBV antibodies by ELISA kit. One hundred and ninety six serum samples were positive ( %65.3 ) : 78/90 (86.6%) samples were symptomatic, non-vaccinated, another 63/90 (70%) were  asymptomatic, vaccinated broilers farm, and 432/630 (68.5%) were asymptomatic, non-vaccinated broiler farm, the remaining 15/90 (16.6%) were symptomatic, vaccinated broilers farm. The remaining samples (312) were negative by  ELISA.
Synthesis, diagnosis and biological activity study of some heterocyclic compounds derived from 2-aminobenzothiazole
Authors: Shaimaa hatem Abdullah
Published: April 2023

This study includes synthesis of some benzothiazole derivatives from treatment 2 -aminothiazole with choroacyle chloride to form 1-hydrogen-benzothiazole-2yl-2-chloroastiamide (1).the last one was reacted with urea, thiurea, thiosymigarizaide, 2- amibenzothiazole and para- aminoaniline, respectively to form the compounds (2,6). Some shiff bases for 2-aminobenzothiazole (7,8) were prepared from the reacting with aromatic aldehydes and it was cycled by reaction with glycine to form two derivatives of amidazolidine (9,10). The prepared compounds were diagnosed by IR spectra and H1NMR for proton, then, the bacterial susceptibility towards some prepared compounds (1,2,5,6,7) were estimated against E.coli and Proteus mirabilis .
Palynological Study of Kolosh Formation (Paleocene–Early Eocene), in Dokan area, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region- Iraq
Authors: Srood Farooq Naqshabandi
Published: April 2023

The Kolosh Formation is belongs to Paleocene –Early Eocene cycle, this cycle is characterize by a complete development in the basin of deposition in all parts of Iraq.
This study assessed to find the age of Kolosh Formation, dinoflagellate cysts as a main tool were used for this purpose through analyzing twelve (12) samples taken from Dokan area Sulaimani Governorate, the samples were treated by normal palynological analyses used in the world, the results showed presence of 15 genera and 19 species of dinoflagellate cysts in the formation, the determined plynomorphes were used to draw a rang chart, which used to subdivide the section to many biozones, named shortly as (P.Z1, P.Z2, and P.Z3), and to show the distribution of palynomorohes, in addition to the age of the formation.
The assigned biozones were correlated with other studies done before for the same age in Iraq at Shaqlawa area, and outside of Iraq with those of Germav Formation located in SE Anatolia, Turkey.
Effect Of Nd:YAG Laser On Flour Beetle
Authors: Sahar Naji Rashid
Published: April 2023

In this study we examined the effect of pulse Nd:YAG laser radiation on the flour beetle (Tribalium castaneum) in terms of changes in the external appearance of this insect (shape and color), and calculated the percentage of death rate due to Nd:YAG laser irradiation of wavelength (1064 nm) with energies: (260, 300, 340, 380 & 420)mJ and exposure times (10, 15 & 20)sec for each energy with (5 pulse/sec), when the distance was (20 cm) between the source of laser and the sample. The results showed an increase in the percentage of death of the flour beetle in addition to increasing distortions where the energy of laser increased and the exposure time increased, where the results of this laser treatment effect were taken in time stages: after (24 hours) and then note after pass (48 hours) and then (72 hours).
Self-potential near surface and subsurface Investigation for soil and ground water in Farming land nearby Quldara Village /Northeast Kirtuk/Nothern Iraq
Authors: Dhahir  K. ALI
Published: April 2023

Near surface soil and subsurface self-potential investigations were carried out in farming land nearby Quldara Village/Northeast Kikruk town about 15 km at area about 63000 m2. Nine soil samples has been taken to determine texture, organic materials percentage , PH, electric conductivity Ec and electric resistivity in the laboratory. Geophysical Self-potential method  survey applied through six lines, the separation was teen meters between the electrodes of the employed instrument  and teen measurement points has been taken , each line was  100 m. The self-potential data processed and presented as profiles and contour maps. Soil analysis proved that it is composed of homogeneous sandy clayey silt with normal content of organic materials and salt with moderate acidity, it is suitable for crop growin. Self-potential data interpretations indicated that the possibility of ground water in the study area
Solutions of diagnosis of security issues and attacks for storage in cloud computing
Authors: Ahmed Ibrahim Turki  , Qasim Mohammed Hussein
Published: April 2023

Cloud computing is technique cost-effective, flexible, and convenient in remote access to applications and storage services, making it easy to provide information technology services and business across the Internet. Nevertheless, the use of cloud computing is an additional source of security risk due to third-party outsourcing, as makes maintaining the privacy, availability and security of data is very difficult. Cloud computing has many of its supporting technologies (virtualization, Web 2.0, service-oriented architecture), which inherits many security issues and makes them susceptible to attacks. Most of the previous work focused on storing data in the cloud without taking security issues and attacks into consideration. In this paper, we provide an analysis of security issues in cloud storage and possible solutions. With regard to the attacks on the data stored in the clouds, parametric comparison including all the details and countermeasures are provided. Finally, this paper provides a significant contribution to building a secure cloud environment for data storage, its privacy and recovery in disaster situations.
Further extension of the improved hyperbolic function method with application to general Sawada–Kotera equation of fifth-order, The 3D potential-YTSF equation and (mKdV) equation.
Authors: Wafaa M. Taha
Published: April 2023

In this study, a new improved hyperbolic function method is applied for the first time. The proposed method used to calculate more general exact solutions for the general Sawada–Kotera equation of fifth-order, 3D potential-YTSF equation and modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) equation. The obtained results show that the improved hyperbolic function method provides and easy and fast solution when used with mathematical software such as Maple. The finding also indicates that the proposed method helps in understanding the physical structures of the problem.
Some New Types of open Functions Via (l_0,m_1)-Fuzzy alpham- Closed Sets
Authors: Fatimah M. Mohammed  , Safa H. Obaed
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we derive more on -continuous functions and -irresolute functions with -open functions and -closed functions in double fuzzy topological spaces via -fuzzy alpham-closed sets. Also, we reached some relationships between these new types of functions and compare them with their opposite with illustrative examples in the same space
parasitic infection in Musca domestica which isolated from Tikrit city
Authors: Ashraf Jamal Mahmoud  , Alae Imad Tawfiq  , Alham Aied Assad  , Thabt Muthehar Khalaf
Published: April 2023

The targeted of this research is investigating the parasitic stages transmitted by body houseflies parts Musca domestica. Where samples were collected from some areas of Tikrit city in Salahuddin province. from October 2013 until January 2014. through immersion insect in physiological solution to see the types of parasitic stages.where the proportion for sites of outside home 37.93% while the sites of inside house rate was 15.51%, and samples of butcher shops rate was 46.55%.And diagnosed some parasitic stages and the rate of infection was 24%, the parasites are: Entamoeba histolytica 9.33%, Endolamix nana 2% , Iodamoeba butschlii 7.33% and egg Ascaris lumbricoides 5.33%.
The results also show that the number of parasitic flies on the body of roles after dipping lower than before dowsing, and these numbers vary from part to part, where the setup was more, especially in the rest of the body samples flies right wing and the left wing and legs samples were prepared less.
Antibacterial extract and active content activity for Erodium cicutarium
Authors: Mostafa Qahtan Mostafa  , Talib Oid Al-Khesraji  , Sirwan Hassan Salih
Published: April 2023

Result revealed that all tested extract( hot and cold water) alcoholic (ethanol & methanol) glycosidic and tannic extract at concentration 25, 50, 100 mg/ml were tested of Erodium cicutarium species (Geraniaceae) grown in north and middle of Iraq for their antibacterial (against some gram negative Staphylococcus aureus , Streptococcus lactis &   Gram negative Eschichia coli , Proteus mirabilis pathogenic bacteria) That the methanol extract and extract glycosid an average of 14.540 and 14.530 mm, respectively, are the most effective against the bacteria studied compared to other tested extracts. The results also show that there is variation in the concentration of the active compounds studied depending on the environment (geographical location) Tannin and flavonoid content of aerial plant part and different plant part (aerial part, flower, fruit,  root) was assessed for studied plant using HPLC techniques, and depending on the plant part to the  rutin showed the highest concentration in the vegetative parts compared to other compounds and vegetable segment studied.
Biochemical study of some microalgae and using it production of biofuel
Authors: Muhanad H.  S. Al-Jubori  , Jihad D. M. Al-Janabi  , Youssef J. I. AI-Shahrii
Published: April 2023

The present study includes growing five species of microalgae which are Chlorella sacchrophila, Chlorella  vulgaris ,  Scendesmus  obliquus ,  Botryococcus  braunii  and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii algae and using it of figure out processing biofuels. The study is considered as a seldom study in Iraq. The study is chose and focused for its high scientific and economical value.
Algae biomass registers a high value when using S. obliquus (2061mg/l) , while the lowest value were register when using C. reinhardtii which was (1093 mg/l).
Results of chemical analysis show algae cells the highest value for carbohydrate extracts was C. reinhardtii which is (276mg/l), while the lowest value extractive was in B. braunii which is about (127mg/l).The highest value for lipid extracts register by S. obliquus which is (456mg/l), while the lowest value register by C. reinhardtii which is (163 mg/l). The high value production for biodiesel was registered (388 ml/L) when using C. sacchrophila, while the lowest production of biodiesel value was registered (151 ml/L) when using B. braunii.
Synthesis and Characterization of new Mannich Bases for Pyrazole containing Benimidazole Ring
Authors: Aya H. Mohammed  , Ahmed A. H. Al-Kadhimi  , Fadhel D. Khaled
Published: April 2023

This research includes synthesis of new derivatives of benzimidazole , the compound (A1*) prepared by reaction of o-phenylene diamine with carbon disulfide in alcoholic potassium hydroxide. Then the compound (A1*) was reaction with ethyl chloroacetate and potassium hydroxide to give ester (A2*). Then preparation of  hydrazide (A3*) by the reaction of (A2*) with hydrazine hydrate (80%). Then we used the hydrazide (A3*) to prepare pyrazole (A4), then preparation of  mannich basses by reaction of compound (A4) with different primary aromatic amines and formaldehyde
The relationship between Apelin and some Biochemical variants in diabetic patients
Authors: Mohammad Dhafer Feisal  , Abdul Monaim Hamad Majied  , Mousa Jasim Mohammad
Published: April 2023

The study aimed to determine the effect of changes in apelin hormone  in patients with diabetes of both types, and the positive impact when increasing its concentration in the body, the study included 136 patients of various ages which compared with 25 healthy individual as control group, The results showed that:
There was a significant increase in the apelin conc. (P≤0.05)in diabetic patients type 2 compared with control group and type 1.
And there was a significant increase (P≤0.01) in the glucose concentration compared with  control group,
And a significant decrease (P≤0.01) in glutathione conc. compared with the control.
Distinction Geological Formations at Qand Structure And Bashiqa Anticline Localities Using Remote Sensing Data.
Authors: Mayada Mahmood Husain
Published: April 2023

The research project includes the use of remote sensing data such as multispectral images of Enhanced thematic mapper on board of "Laudsat 7" for the purpose of distinguishing and defining the geological formations it has been shown that in order to achieve the purpose of the research project, an incorporation of the channels TM (7, 5, and 3), was carried out. These spectral bauds with their wavelengths have a bigger preference over other bands in distinguishing between the geological formations. The results are further supported by geomorphological and morphotectonical maps for the limitation of the extensions of the formations and the comparison of these extensions with the study locality. Field specimens were used for the observations of spectral reflections of the selected (ETM7), channels, supervised classification was also used for the correlation, characterization, and limitation and the extension of the geological formations.