bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non-melanoma skin cancer in Serbia (1999-2015) -the need for national prevention and control strategy
Authors: Ilic Danijela , Videnovic Goran , Kozomara Ruzica , Radakovic Sonja , Vlahovic Zoran , Matvijenko Vladimir , Zivkovic Snezana
Published: December 2018

Background/Aim. Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC) are ones of the most rapidly increasing cancers worldwide. Although NMSCs have a relatively low mortality rate, they are an important public health concern and the most costly cancers in many countries. The two main objectives in this study were: first, to analyze the trend of age-standardized incidence rate of NMSCs in Serbia and second, to assess the need for national prevention and control strategy based on analyzed trend. Methods. From the Serbian Cancer Registry, we extracted all cases of NMSCs registered in central Serbia from January 1, 1999 to December 31, 2015. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to define trends and annual percentage change (APC). Results. NMSCs significantly increased for both genders with APC of +2.32% (p < 0.001). Significantly increasing trend of incidence rates was higher in women (APC, +2.63%; p < 0.0001) than in men (APC, +2.01%; p < 0.001). Conclusion. Our results show a continuously increasing incidence rate of NMCS in Serbia. Without the national preventive strategy, current sporadic activities are highly unlikely to result in reducing the growing trends
Pengembangan Home Automation System (HAS) untuk Mengendalikan Perangkat Listrik Berbasis Bluetooth Menggunakan Aplikasi Android
Authors: Gitakarma Made Santo
Published: December 2018

Home Automation System (HAS) is a widely used reference term for a system of controlling, monitoring, and home automation functions. HAS generally required a smartphone application or web portal as its interface. The electrical devices can be controlled by a switch, timer, sensor or remote control. In this paper, we describe the module for controlling devices with applications from smartphones via a Bluetooth connection called Android Bluetooth Control Device (ABCD). This module is packaged portable and can be used in classroom learning or demonstrated to people who want to know the working principle of this module. The approach used is controlling 8 devices consisting of 4 lights and 4 additional devices. The module is controlled with smartphone application via Bluetooth using Bluetooth HC-05 which works on 2.4 GHz frequency with a maximum range of 10 m. ABCD module can be used to facilitate the user in controlling various electrical devices at home.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Filter Butterworth pada Penentuan Waktu Tiba Gelombang P
Authors: Sriyanto Sesar Prabu Dwi
Published: December 2018

PenentuanÂ waktu tibaÂ gelombang P cukup sulit dilakukan apabilaÂ sinyal memiliki Signal to Noise RatioÂ (SNR) rendah. Pemfilteran sinyal dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan SNR. Pemilihan rentang frekuensi filter harus sesuai dengan kandungan frekuensi gelombang gempabumi karenaÂ apabilaÂ tidak sesuai akan mendistorsiÂ fase gelombang P danÂ menyebabkan penentuan waktu tiba gelombang P tidak tepat. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan analisis pengaruh penggunaan 3 jenis filter Butterworth orde 5 pada waktu tiba gelombang P. Jenis filter Butterworth kausal yang digunakan yaitu, filter lowpass 2 Hz, bandpass 2-6 Hz, dan highpass 6 Hz. Hasilnya, secara umum penggunaan filter memberikan efek keterlambatan fase dan pelemahan impuls awal gelombang P yang menyebabkan kesalahan penentuan waktu tiba gelombang P. Jenis filter yang paling bagus digunakan adalah filter bandpass karena kesalahan penentuan waktu tiba gelombang P rata-rata 0.271 detik. Hal ini disebabkan karena gelombang P memiliki frekuensi dominan rata-rata 3.83 Hz. Sementara itu, pemfilteran dengan lowpass dan highpass rata-rata kesalahan masing-masing sebesar 2.183 detik dan 0.347 detik.
EFEKTIVITAS PROBIOTIK SINGLE DAN MULTI STRAIN TERHADAP Escherichia coli SECARA IN VITRO
Authors: Widianingsih Mastuti
Published: December 2018

Probiotik dapat dijadikan sebagai pengobatan alternatif pengganti antibiotik. Penggunaan probiotik mampu meningkatkan kesehatan host dengan cara menyeimbangkan jumlah mikroflora normal sehingga dapat meningkatkan fungsi barrier mukosa dan mencegah timbulnya infeksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efektivitas probiotik single strain dan multi strain terhadap E. coli sebagai salah satu bakteri yang sering menyebabkan diare. Metode yang digunakan adalah difusi sumuran (60 Âµl) dengan lama inkubasi 3x24 jam dan pengukuran zona jernih dilakukan setiap 1x24 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan probiotik multi strain lebih efektif menghambat E. coli. Bakteri asam laktat dalam probiotik menghasilkan asam laktat dan bakteriosin yang mengubah suasana asam sehingga menimbulkan perforasi. Kebocoran nutrisi dan masuknya senyawa antibakteri akibat lisisnya dinding sel mengakibatkan rusaknya permeabilitas membran dan hilangnya proton motive force (PMF). Kondisi tersebut akan mengganggu proses metabolisme dan kematian sel. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah penggunaan probiotik efektif dalam menghambat E. coli.
Linguistic Thoughts as The Basis of Arabic Learning Innovation
Authors: Thonthowi Thonthowi
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis study aims to discuss linguistic thoughts and Arabic learning in Indonesia, along with both innovation opportunities and their actualization in the development of Arabic learning. This study is literary with an intertextual approach to the literature associated with two fields. The meaning of the text is done by content analysis. This study concludes that the innovation of linguistic thoughts and Arabic learning can be done on three levels, namely Arabic linguistic study and development, contextualization of Arabic research methodology, and standardization of ICT-based Arabic language learning and research. Various problems surrounding learning Arabic language can be solved through research and study of Arabic linguistics in depth, comprehensive and cross-disciplinary of science. Opportunities to innovate linguistic thoughts and language learning are wide open. Various scientific forums and journals as well as research in Arabic-based learning development of linguistic thought can lead to tajdîd (reform, innovation)  and ijtihâdat lughawiyyah (linguistics innovation). The future of linguistic studies and Arabic learning in Indonesia is believed to be very bright and enlightening if reinforced by the development of linguistic research meth- ods and Arabic learning.Keywords:Innovation, linguistic thought, Arabic learning, linguistic research, scientific and academic forums
Percepção e recepção da imagem no cinema clássico hollywoodiano
Authors: Melo Junior Valdir , Silva Junior Nelson
Published: December 2018

Uma reflexão sobre percepção da imagem de filmes clássicos hollywoodianos das décadas de 30, 40 e 50 do século 20 é apresentada com base em três filmes, um de cada década: Terra dos deuses (The good earth – 1937), de Sidney Franklin; Como era verde meu vale (How green was my valley – 1941), de John Ford; e Rastros de ódio (The searchers – 1956), de John Ford. Para a análise da imagem fílmica – realizada pelos próprios autores, que se colocaram como espectadores/apreciadores dos filmes referenciados –, utilizaram-se fundamentos da semiótica e da estética. Ao final, destacou-se a necessidade de compreender os filmes como uma produção artística coletiva, gerada dentro de um formato estabelecido por padrões e convenções sociais de um tempo, de um lugar, na qual a imagem é fundamental para a apreciação estética.
Bibliografia comentada sobre imagem e ensino
Authors: Araújo Gustavo
Published: December 2018

Apresentamos nessa Bibliografia Comentada resumos acerca de importantes pesquisas (artigos, livros, teses) referentes a Imagem e Ensino, desenvolvidas e problematizadas por meio de diferentes metodologias e áreas do conhecimento.
Biodegradable Foam dari Bonggol Pisang dan Ubi Nagara sebagai Kemasan Makanan yang Ramah Lingkungan (Biodegradable Foam Derived from Musa acuminate and Ipomoea batatas L. as an Environmentally Friendly Food Packaging)
Authors: Irawan Chairul - , Aliah Aliah , Ardiansyah Ardiansyah
Published: December 2018

Biodegradable foam is a packaging material intended as a substitute for styrofoam. Materials used in this study were mahuli banana (Musa acuminata) stem and nagara tubers (Ipomoea batatas L) with aim to find out the best composition material for the best physical characteristics of biodegradable foam. Prior to use in the process of making biodegradable foam, mahuli banana stem and nagara tuber were firstly pulverized to a size of 100 mesh. Then, the mahuli banana stem and nagara tubers powders were mixed with compositions of 60:40, 70:30, and 80:20; and as controls pure material was utilized. Another treatment was the addition of PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) as much as 10%v/v and no addition of PVA (UNPVA). The process of making biodegradable foam began with plasticizing on a hotplate at 150oC for 3 minutes, thermopressing, and drying in a microwave. The biodegradable foam (bio-foam) characteristics were tested with DSC and SEM as well as for its hardness and biodegradation. Based on the results of hardness test, DSC, SEM and biodegradation, the best physical characteristic was obtained from 60:40 composition with the addition of PVA. The hardness test of bio-foam with PVA and UNPVA was 4.02 MPa and 3.59 MPa, respectively. The melting point of bio-foam with the addition of PVA was 166.50 oC with heating flow of -12.38 MW whereas the melting point of bio-foam without UNPVA addition was 166.45 oC with heating flow of -16.07 MW. The result of SEM test showed that bio-foam mixed with PVA had a smaller pore compared to UNPVA. The structure of bio-foam with a smaller pore produced biodegradable foam with higher compressive strength. Biodegradation test results showed that both samples were completely degraded after ± 2 months of being deposited in the soil.
The Romanians’ Ideals of Liberalism and Nationality in 1918
Authors: BOLOVAN Ioan
Published: December 2018

The goal of the present paper is to show how both in the autumn of 1918 and before the Union of Transylvania with Romania on 1 December 1918, liberalism and nationalism steered the course of the Romanian nation in Transylvania as it entered the modern era. Romanians had accumulated democratic experience over several decades, with effective results in managing ecclesiastical, educational, cultural, social and economic problems. In the autumn of 1918, when the Great War was nearing its end and the Austro-Hungarian Empire was on the brink of breaking apart, they were able to assume the responsibility of detaching Transylvania from Hungary and providing fair and efficient governance in a province that had been devastated by 4 years of war and was now on the verge of collapse. Our attempt at reconstructing the destiny of the church and of Romanian civil society in the process of laying the democratic foundations of the Union of 1918 has revealed the complex political, economic and social transformations of the Habsburg monarchy from the 1848 revolution to the First World War.
Rezumat: Liberalism şi naţionalitate la români în anul 1918. Scopul acestui articol este acela de arăta cum în toamna anului 1918, dar şi în deceniile anterioare Unirii, liberalismul şi naţionalismul au jalonat parcursul naţiunii române din Transilvania în epoca modernă. Prin urmare, românii au acumulat o experienţă democratică pe parcursul mai multor decenii, cu rezultate eficiente în gestionarea problemelor bisericeşti, şcolare, culturale, sociale şi economice. Ei au fost capabili în toamna anului 1918, când Marele Război era spre final iar Imperiul Austro-Ungar la un pas de dezmembrare, să îşi asume responsabilitatea desprinderii Transilvaniei de Ungaria şi a guvernării eficiente şi corecte a unei provincii devastate de patru ani de război şi aflată în pragul colapsului. Demersul nostru de a restitui, într-o încercare sintetică, destinul bisericii şi al societăţii civile în prepararea democratică a societăţii româneşti pentru Unirea de la 1918 a relevat complexitatea transformărilor politice, economice şi sociale din monarhia habsburgică între revoluţia de la 1848 şi Primul Război Mondial.
Cuvinte-cheie: Imperiul Austro-Ungar, Transilvania, societate civilă românească, liberalism şi naţionalism.
Spiritual Needs of Post-Stroke Patients in the Rehabilitation Phase
Authors: Pratiwi Sri Hartati , Sari Eka Afrima , Mirwanti Ristina
Published: December 2018

Post-stroke patients experience in various disturbances including physical, psychological and spiritual aspect. Post-stroke patients in the rehabilitation phase focus more on physical needs while the unfulfilled spiritual needs can reduce the patient's health condition. Therefore, it takes action to meet the spiritual needs of patients. This study was conducted to identify the spiritual needs among post-stroke patients.The descriptive quantitative was used among post-stroke patients in Neurological Polyclinic and stroke center in one of the Hospital in Bandung in 2017. The sampling technique used was consecutive sampling with 83 samples included post-stroke patients who have full awareness and didnot experience of aphasia. The instrument of this study used Spiritual Needs Questionnaire (SpNQ) which consists of 4 dimensions including religious, peace, self-existence, and dimension of the giving needs. SpNQ had a validity coefficient of 0.73 and r 0.75. Data were analyzed using frequency distribution. The results showed that the most of respondents feel the spiritual need in all dimensions. In the religious dimension, the majority of respondents desired to pray with others, to move closer to God and participate in various religious activities (98.8%). In the dimension of peace showed the most of respondents desired to be more cherished by others (96.4%). The most perceived item of respondents were forgiving someone from the past in the dimension of self-existence (98.8%) and a solace for others in the dimension of the giving needs (98.8%). The conclusion from this study was most respondents feel the spiritual needs in all dimensions. Based on these results, nurses are expected to provide advice to people around the patients to invite them in various religious activities. Nurses supposed more expressing affection to them and involving the patients in some family activities.
THE PHILIPPINE PRESIDENT’S RHETORIC ON JAPAN-CHINA RIVALRY AND INDEPENDENT FOREIGN POLICY
Authors: Garcia Lermie Shayne
Published: December 2018

This study examines the Japan-China rivalry and independent foreign policy (IFP) rhetoric of Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte. Using both AntConc (concordance program) and conventional reading, this study identifies the themes and aspects as to how he used words related to China and Japan in his speeches. Data analysis reveals that his rhetoric centered on several themes, such as historical relations, brotherly and friendly relations, strategic partnership, China as an economic and military superpower, development assistance, and as point of reference, among others. Contrary to what Duterte portrays as IFP, the study shows that even after two years into his presidency, nothing has really changed in the Philippines. His promise of pursuing an IFP policy has neither taken the form of a concrete plan nor materialized as a policy. This paper argues that the ambivalence in Duterte’s foreign policy rhetoric is just a strategy to accommodate China’s influence while maintaining his nationalist narrative. His IFP rhetoric is just a manifestation of continuing dependency to outside powers. No matter how different it initially seemed to be from previous administrations in the way that it entertains other powers such as China and Japan apart from the US, it still cannot be considered as IFP.Keywords: Independent foreign policy, Japan-China rivalry, Philippine foreign policy under Duterte, presidential speech analysis, Rodrigo DuterteCite as: Garcia, L.S.S. (2018). The Philippine president’s rhetoric on Japan-China rivalry and independent foreign policy. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 3(2),1-16.http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol3iss2pp1-16
DIALOGUES WITH ETHNOGRAPHY: NOTES ON CLASSICS, AND HOW I READ THEM BY BLOMMAERT, J. BRISTOL: MULTILINGUAL MATTERS, 2018, 184 PAGES.
Authors: Jocuns Andrew
Published: December 2018

Jan Blommaert’s Dialogues with Ethnography is a collection of previously published essays including one obituary and two book reviews, all of which concern the topic of ethnography and what Blommaert dubs “the classics”. This distinction is important to consider in anthropology where the “classics” are often texts such as the Nuer (Evans-Pritchard, 2010), Argonauts of the Western Pacific(Malinowski, 2008), and even some works by the Greeks. Here Blommaert diverts from such trends and offers us insights into a series of texts that should be considered classics to sociolinguists, linguistic anthropologists, linguistic ethnographers, discourse analysts and others.Cite as: Jocuns. A. (2018). Dialogues with ethnography: Notes on classics, and how I read them (Book review). Journal of Nusantara Studies, 3(2), 176-181. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol3iss2pp176-181
El pasado que no pasa: Cortocircuitos en las políticas de la memoria en Croacia
Authors: Orlić Mila
Published: December 2018

El artículo Mila Orlić aborda el caso de Croacia, cuya la memoria ha sido profundamente remodelada por la disolución de Yugoslavia y por la experiencia de la guerra de 1991-1995 contra Serbia. En el proceso de construcción del nuevo Estado nacional, las políticas de la memoria desarrolladas en los años Noventa por iniciativa, sobre todo del presidente Tuđman, buscaron construir una nueva identidad puramente croata refiriéndose, por un lado, a la experiencia del denominado “Estado Independiente Croata” de 1941.1945, es decir de la herencia Ustacha y, por el otro lado, buscando borrar el pasado yugoslavo. Apelando al concepto de repacificación nacional, convocando a los descendientes de los Ustacha y de los partisanos, las políticas de la memoria de los años Noventa se fundaron, contemporánea y contradictoriamente, sobre dos entidades históricamente opuestas: el antifascismo y la experiencia Ustacha, creando con ello un cortocircuito en las memorias públicas. La referencia a la Segunda Guerra Mundial era permanente y la misma guerra de los años Noventa fue vista como una prolongación de aquella experiencia. Después de la muerte de Tuđman (1999), se ha producido una reorientación de las políticas de la memoria en Croacia, con una progresiva toma de distancia con relación a la herencia Ustacha.
La profesionalización del cuidado sanitario. La enfermería en la historia argentina
Authors: Ramacciotti Karina Inés
Published: December 2018

Este dossier reúne ocho investigaciones que profundizan sobre las características de los espacios formativos de la enfermería en los espacios subnacionales de la Argentina, a lo largo de un período que va desde las últimas décadas del siglo XIX hasta los años ochenta del siglo XX. Esta propuesta se centra en destacar y marcar las similitudes, pero también las diferencias que se produjeron entre las realidades provinciales y, de esta forma, brindar un panorama complejo en el cual pretendemos incorporar una mirada alternativa de nuestro pasado provincial, con el objeto de conformar una visión plural y diversa desde una perspectiva que articula las dimensiones locales, nacionales e internacionales de los casos estudiados.
Enfermeras para la nueva provincia: La Escuela Provincial de Enfermeras “Joaquín A. Ferro” (1955-1976)
Authors: Billorou María José
Published: December 2018

La naciente provincia Eva Perón, surgida entre 1951 y 1953, establece, entre sus primeras leyes, la fundación, en mayo de 1955, de una Escuela de Enfermería para iniciar la formación del personal técnico auxiliar “efectivo colaborador del médico y del enfermo”.1 Derogada en mayo de 1956, a pesar de “considerar necesaria la creación de una Escuela del tipo señalado”,2 su importancia se mantuvo en la consecución de los logros del progreso de la nueva provincia; de esta manera, en el proyecto de creación de la Universidad provincial en 1958, se previó el establecimiento de una nueva entidad de formación específica para enfermeras. Sin una efectiva concreción dentro del incipiente entramado institucional universitario provincial, el Estado provincial determinó su instalación el 26 de agosto de 1960, con la Ley Nº199, bajo la órbita del Ministerio de Asuntos Sociales, Subsecretaría de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social.3 El devenir de esta institución de formación profesional, atravesada por los vaivenes políticos de la escena nacional y provincial, sin embargo, nos permite ahondar en una serie de aspectos de la sociedad pampeana en la segunda mitad del siglo XX. En primer lugar, la constitución del Estado provincial y su intervención en determinados ámbitos, la salud y el bienestar de la población, como responsable y garante. En segundo lugar, la concreción de políticas públicas, en diálogo con discursos internacionales, que establecieron el “desarrollo” como meta y medida de progreso. Finalmente, la vigencia de una concepción del cuidado y la asistencia, como espacios femeninos, extensión hacia otros miembros de la sociedad de los tradicionales roles de madres y esposas. Este proceso se acompañó por un desvanecimiento de la importancia de las funciones femeninas realizadas en estos ámbitos; las cuales se integraron a una estructura laboral jerárquica, dominada por varones, bajo el rótulo de la colaboración y la complementación.
Actores, procesos y proyectos en la profesionalización de la enfermería universitaria en Córdoba, Argentina, 1956-1968
Authors: Rodríguez María Laura , Aizenberg Lila
Published: December 2018

El articulo analiza el proceso de profesionalización de la enfermería cordobesa a partir de su incorporación al nivel universitario en 1956. En base a un corpus documental consultado y entrevistas clave se revela el anudamiento entre las estrategias de enfermeras con nombre propio y la influencia de los proyectos y recursos de la OPS en la modernización de la enfermería y el sistema sanitario provincial. A lo largo del trabajo abordamos como el contexto devenido luego de la caída del peronismo fue definiendo el perfil de la enfermería local y los rasgos y tensiones que caracterizaron a una profesión profundamente feminizada y fragmentada.
Un territorio y un río metropolitanos: Buenos Aires y el Paraná
Authors: Massin Thomas
Published: December 2018

Este artículo estudia la relación entre lo fluvial y lo urbano desde un enfoque regional, abarcando la metrópolis de Buenos Aires y el río Paraná, en su tramo inferior. Éste constituye un objeto geográfico complejo, a la vez río, litoral, delta y “autopista marítima” para los barcos de ultramar. Esta singularidad explicaría la dificultad de representación y de planificación de la metrópolis de Buenos Aires en articulación con su gran entorno natural. Por lo tanto, suponemos que se trata de un “espacio no concebido”, retomando la teoría lefebvriana. Para tratar de superar esta aporía, el artículo introduce la figura de “metrópolis fluvial” e insiste en la doble dimensión medioambiental y operativa, unida por la dimensión de representación, para integrar el Paraná en las reflexiones metropolitanas creando un sentimiento de pertenencia colectiva y una identidad territorial.
As instalações de PET e a proteção radiológica
Authors: Almeida Débora Aparecida de , Marques Eliana De Medeiros , Assunpção Júlio César Pires , Almeida Jussara Nepomuceno de , Scervino Leidiane Rocha , Santos Hamilta De Oliveira
Published: December 2018

Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons (PET) é um exame de imagem da medicina nuclear que utiliza radionuclídeos, que emitem um pósitron no momento da sua desintegração. Em 1896 é descoberta a radioatividade natural dos sais de urânio por Henri Becquerel. Logo após esse evento, em 1898, Pierre e Marie Curie descobrem o elemento rádio.
Os radiofármacos mais utilizados no Brasil
Authors: Gonçalves Aldavid Nogueira , Bandeira Alysson Henrique Silvano , Caldas Ester Silva Almeida , Silva Mariely Aparecida Gazolla da , Freitas Ranieri Santos , Fernandes Rodrigo Fialho , Maia Luiz Faustino dos Santos
Published: December 2018

Os radiofármacos são substâncias utilizadas na medicina nuclear para tratamentos e diagnósticos essas substâncias são produzidas pelo fármaco e o radionuclídeo. O fármaco e um medicamento que exerce funções comuns como qualquer outro medicamento, sem ação terapêutica. O radionuclídeo é o elemento que emite radiação eletromagnética e gama unidas em um fármaco.
DOSE-DEPENDENDENT HISTOCHROME EFFECTS OF KIDNEY IN RATS
Authors: Talalaeva O. S. , Zverev Ia. F. , Bryukhanov V. M. , Zharikov A. Iu.
Published: December 2018

THE AIM.Histochrome is a native antioxidant drug isolated from natural sourse. The study of pharmacological activity of histochrome showed a wide spectrum of dose-range action. The aim of this study was to investigate the renal effects changes when administered various doses of histochrome in rats.MATERIALS AND METHODS.The study was conducted on outbred stock Wistar rats. The test group of animals (n = 15) was administered subcutaneously histochrome at a dose of 1 mg/kg for 10 days, and the control group (n = 20) was treatment of 10 mg/kg of the drug. Since 3-d day every two days of experiment were measured daily urine output, excretion of Na+ and K+, creatinine excretion, and excretion of histochrome.RESULTS.The tendency of daily urination increase recorded at histochrome administration at a dose of 1 mg/kg. In the comparison group increased diuresis led to a fivefold magnification of parameter on the 7th day. Dynamic renal creatinine excretion during treatment with 1 mg / kg histochrome had a stable character throughout the experiment, while the ten-fold increase in dose was associated with a significant elevation of the factor. Natriuresis steadily increased, exceeding the initial value 5 times in under-test group of animals. In the comparison group the ion excretion increased by 2 times. Potassium excretion have similar dynamics using both histochrome doses. The native form histochrome was not detected in the urine in any of the animal groups.CONCLUSION.The experimental results showed that the behavior of the excretory renal function is histochrome dosedependent and may be due to its metabolites.
Advanced age, constipation, depression: what are the ways of management?
Authors: Chernus N. P. , Vinogradova L. A. , Kireeva N. V.
Published: December 2018

Constipation is one of the key problems of modern therapy for elderly people. The research aim was to study the features of the psychological and microbiological status of the advanced and senile age patients with functional constipation and to see the effect of educational programmes on compliance of the patients with the therapy in the out!patient departments. The investigation showed that depression was more frequent in the patients of group 1 (68.4 % of the cases) with compensated function of the large gut whereas in the 2nd group – 34.6 % (compensated) and in the 3rd group – 41.5 % (subcompensated)cases. The 3rd degree dysbiosis was found in all patoents irrespective of the extern of disorder of the motor!kinetic function in the large gut.
Effectiveness of antihypertensive therapy based on arresting of specific features in psychosomatic patients
Authors: Usenko G. A. , Usenko A. G. , Vasendin D. V. , Ivanov S. V.
Published: December 2018

In contrast to the empirical therapy, 18month antihypertensive therapy based on administration of adrenoblockers to the patients with the sympathetic division activity (cholerics and sanguinics), and the angiotensinconverting enzyme activity in the patients with renninangiotensinaldosterone system due parasimpatikotonii (phlegmatics and melancholics) combined with the alignment of values of the studied parameters with those in healthy individuals of the same temperament.
Predictive value of the cell cycle markers in squamos cell carcinoma in the oral cavity
Authors: Dibirov R. K. , Yaremenko A. I. , Khromov-Borisov N. N. , Kutukova S. I.
Published: December 2018

The aim of our study was to identify the most significant biological markers characterizing the behavior of the tumor and to forecast its clinical course and to specify an individual therapy regimen for each patient.
Phosphatidylcholine (lecithin) stimulating effect on pathogenic properties of pneumococcus
Authors: Kvetnaya A. S. , Zhelezova L. I.
Published: December 2018

The authors have studied the effect of phosphatidylcholine (lecithin) - a derivative of choline - on the biological properties of streptococus pneumonia. The concentration of lecithin 0.01 g/l in a simple nutrient broth has a stimulating effect on proliferation, on in vitro stabilization of the population, and on pathogenic properties of the pneumococcus. Four - five times passaging of the strains on this medium (as opposed to the commonly used 20 % serum broth) retained the species and the typical properties of pneumococcus, but led to increased capsule formation, increased virulence and expressed β-hemolytic activity. These results suggest that phosphatidylcholine (lecithin), as the main supplier of pneumococcus growth stimulant - choline, has an expressing impact on the capsule formation - the main pathogenic factor, and on the substance of P-teichoic acid in the cell wall of pneumococcus that specifically interacts with the C-reactive protein.
Grounds, aims and realization of interdisciplinary training in the sphere of socially important infections
Authors: Bagnenko S. F. , Belyakov N. A. , Yastrebova E. B. , Rakhmanova A. G. , Stepanova E. V.
Published: December 2018

The Scientific Board of the I.P. Pavlov St. Petersburg State Medical University announced organization of a new department - of socially-important infections - such as Viral Human Infections, chronic viral hepatitis, infections transmitted by sexual contacts and tuberculosis. The new department has adopted the long-term traditions of the infection service and is oriented on complex training of the medical personal. The interdisciplinary approach to training of specialists in the sphere of socially important infections garantees the expediency of realization of all forms of training.
Paraoxonase 1 gene polymorphisms in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kim M. V. , Skoryukova S. A. , Bystrova A. A. , Baranova E. I. , Pchelina S. N.
Published: December 2018

The article deals with the features of lipid metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes - the carriers of different genotypes of paraoxonase 1 gene. Known that the enzyme paraoxonase 1 (PON1) plays a key role in the regulation of lipid peroxidation and its activity is genetically determined. The investigation revealed that the PON1 gene's polymorphic variants may determine the formation of atherogenic changes in lipid profile in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2.
Influence of cerebral global ischemia-reperfusion on succinate dehydrogenase activity in neurons of different neocortical layers
Authors: Shcherbak N. S. , Galagoudza M. M. , Ovchinnikov D. A. , Shcherbakova E. O. , Yukina G. U. , Barantsevich E. R. , Thomson V. V. , Shlyakhto E. V.
Published: December 2018

The aim of the study was to investigate changes in activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) in cytoplasm of neurons of different cortical layers in early and late reperfusion period after global cerebral ischemia in rats. Reversible global cerebral ischemia was modeled by occlusion of the brachiocephalic trunk, left subclavian artery and left common carotid artery for 10 minutes and following reperfusion during 2 or 7 days. The SDH activity in cytoplasm of neurons of II, III and V cortical layers was determined histoenzymatically. It is shown that the SDH activity in neurons of the studied cortical layers was characterized by the increased reperfusion period to the 2 days with a subsequent increased activity of the reperfusion period to the 7 days. The change in the SDH activity in cytoplasm of cortical neurons depends on the particular cerebral layer and duration of postischemic reperfusion.
Correlation between the coping behavior and types of attitude to the disease in patients with coronary heart disease
Authors: Zubareva O. A.
Published: December 2018

The article represents the results of research of correlation between the coping behavior and types of attitude to the disease taking into account the emotional, behavioral and cognitive components in male patients with different types of acute coronary heart disease (acute myocardial infarction and unstable stenocardia). Recommendations for the elaborating of psychocorrectional program were given according to the analysis of the obtained data.
Problems of improvement in dental care among the residents of industrial district
Authors: Ulitooskiy S. B. , Yaremenko A. N. , Kalynina O. V. , Aleskeroo D. Sh.
Published: December 2018

This review introduces readers to the problems of improvement in dental care among the residents of industrial district in megalopolis and the main methods of prevention of dental diseases. The presented data demonstrate the features of dental status of population in industrial district in megalopolis. The article describes the basic ways of prevention of dental diseases and the rules of oral hygiene among the population.
Modification of immune response genes in various types of chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Nazarova E. L. , Shardakov V. I. , Dem’Yanova V. T. , Dokshina I. A. , Zotina E. N.
Published: December 2018

Genetic factors not only contribute to the development of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), but also can affect the nature of the pathological process. The study included 30 patients with CLL with indolent and progressive course of the disease. The patients were tested on prevalence of genetic polymorphisms in the genes of the innate immune response. Nineteen polymorphic loci in 14 genes were tested. It was found that with indolent course of CLL, mutant alleles of genes of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) (G-308A), Toll-like receptor (tolllike receptor - TLR) TLR9 (T-1237C) and TLR2 (Arg753Gln) (OR: 4.70, p = 0.05 and OR: 8.33, p = 0.03 and OR: 5.50, p = 0.05, respectively) statistically, were encountered much more frequently . In contrast, combination of normal homozygotes of these genes greatly increased the risk of progressive form of the disease. Presence of TNF gene polymorphism in the polymorphic locus -308, TLR2-753, TLR9-1237 can be associated with the nature of the clinical course of CLL to encourage use these markers as early additional diagnostic and prognostic criteria for unfavorable form of leukemic process in order to optimize chemotherapy.
Comparative analysis of psychological adaptation in patients with paranoid schizophrenia and shizotypal disorder
Authors: Stepanova A. V.
Published: December 2018

The purpose of this research was the comparing of psychological adaptation characteristics (type of attitude to a disease, psychological defense mechanisms, special aspects of coping-strategy) as exemplified by 2 groups of schizophrenia disorder patients: 1) schizotypal disorders (F-21 according to ICD-10); 2) paranoid schizophrenia (F-20 according to ICD-10). The authors arrived at the conclusion of the same nature if special aspects of psychological adaptation in the groups compared. At the same time, both groups compared showed imbalance of «the level of success» between individual characteristics constituting the module of psychological adaptation. This circumstance testifies to the fact that psychological adaptation in the patients with schizophrenic disorders should be evaluated on a case- bycase basis. In conclusion, the study revealed the necessity to take into consideration of these characteristics during rehabilitation of these patients.
Change of the level of adiponectin and metabolic indices in modification of life style of the patients suffering from abdominal obesity
Authors: Beresina A. V. , Belyaeva O. D. , Berkovich O. A. , Karonova T. L. , Bazhenova E A. , Karelskaya N. A. , Baranova E. I.
Published: December 2018

The paper studied nutritional habits, physical loads, anthropometric and metabolic perfromances, and revealed the changes required to increase the level of adiponectine under drug-free modalities of treatment of patients suffering from abdominal obesity. A 3-year randomized lifestyle intervention trial was performed in 153 patients with AO, age 30-53 yrs, 74 patients (group 1) performed individual hypocaloric diet balanced in fat intake, 79 patients (group 2) performed diet and individual aerobic exercise All patients received individual recommendations on changing their life style. Dynamics of anthropometric, metabolic parameters, physical capacity and adiponectin level were measured. Relation between low level of adiponectin and some metabolic disorders, and sedentary life were revealed. The rate of improving anthropometric parameters, physical capacity, and nutritionassociated with increasing adiponectin was established.
Apelin and heart remodeling in patients with abdominal obesity
Authors: Listopad O. V. , Bazhenova E. A. , Ionin V. A. , Belyaeva O. D. , Baranova E. I.
Published: December 2018

To evaluate plasma concentration of apelin and its correlation with structural and functional heart parameters in patients with abdominal obesity. 93 patients with abdominal obesity (criteria IDF, 2005) and 21 healthy people at the ages from 25 to 57 years old were investigated. Weight, height, waist circumference, and plasma apelin concentration were measured. Dimensions and volume of the cardiac chambers, systolic and diastolic functions of the ventricles were measured with echocardiographic method. Plasma apelin concentration was higher in patients with abdominal obesity as compared to healthy people (0.70 (0.55 - 0.94) ng/ml and 0.55 (0.42 - 0.72) ng/ml, respectively; p = 0.04). There is significant negative correlation between apelin level and longitudinal size of the left ventricle (r=-0.307; p = 0.003); index of the left atrial volume (r=-0.201; p = 0.05); longitudinal size of the left atrium (r=-0.248; p = 0.02); right atrium volume (r=-0.261; p = 0.01); right atrium area (r=-0,251; p = 0,02); basal size of the right ventricle (r=-0,202; p = 0,05); longitudinal size of the right ventricle (r=-0.234; p = 0.02). Plasma apelin concentration was higher in patients with abdominal obesity as compared to healthy people. There were revealed significant negative correlation between apelin level and longitudinal size of left ventricle, index of left atrial volume, longitudinal size of left atrium, right atrium volume, right atrium area, basal size of right ventricle, and longitudinal size of right ventricle.
Possibility of laboratory assessment of the state of connective tissue
Authors: Berezovskaya G. A. , Emanuel V. L.
Published: December 2018

This article deals with the possibilities of laboratory assessment of the state of the connective tissue. It contains brief information about its structure, functions and roles of the various components in the development of pathological processes, and provides laboratory diagnostic methods of these changes.
Comparative analysis of relation between premorbid period and variants of endogenous mental disorders beginning
Authors: Krasnov A. A.
Published: December 2018

Based on the long-term observation period (1986 through 2012) the properties of endogenous mental disorders premorbid period in 107 persons (of mean age 21.5±1.5 years) were studied. In 41.2% of the cases, premorbid period was characterized by premorbid disorders, which included disorders of development, deviation of behavior and motor skills, behavioral abnormalities, affective and somatic disorders combined with quantitative changes in personality, and decline of cognitive indicators. Premorbid disorders in 56.2% of cases were preceded by clinical features of endogenous mental disorders such as a progressive or continuous-attack-like progressive course, low severity of positive symptoms in period of manifestation.
Current clinical and epidemiological portrait of a patient with acute myocardial infarction (by the data of the regional vascular center)
Authors: Kovalchuk E. Yu. , Soroka V. V.
Published: December 2018

Epidemiological and clinical presentation of acute myocardial infarction based upon the data collected in Regional Vascular Centre of Saint-Petersburg Scientific Research Institute of Emergency Care n. a. I. I. Dzhanelidze in 2009-2012 years. In the article, 4697 cases have been analyzed. Specific features of epidemiology and clinical presentation of acute myocardial infarction at the present stage have been considered.
Possible applications of melatonin in the treatment of patients with surgical diseases
Authors: Sedov V. M. , Pliss M. M. , Fishman M. B.
Published: December 2018

Since the widespread introduction of minimally invasive laparoscopic techniques in abdominal surgery there was a question - what are their physiological differences from operations withapproach by laparotomy. The study of these differences, mechanisms and their correction allows you to bring the results of operations with open approach to the laparoscopic. However, the possibility of an effective systemic exposure, allowing adapting body reaction to surgical procedures remains unresolved. To date, the use of melatonin in surgical practice is based on its functions as a neurotransmitter that can potentiate some natural protective reaction of the body. The paper analyzes the effects of melatonin, you can use as a biological adaptogenic control which generally acts as a trigger to launch a diver-seprocesses, including reparative ones in the body. The use of adaptive mechanisms initiated by melatonin in response to surgical trauma and tumor processes can be successfully applied to improve the results of surgical treatment of patients with surgical diseases operated as open and laparoscopic access.
The peculiarities of surgical service of locally advanced breast cancer after neoadjuvant systemic treatment
Authors: Petrenko O. L.
Published: December 2018

Patients with locally advanced (T2-4N0-3M0) breast cancer, receiving neoadjuvant systemic treatment with the following application of surgical treatment stage (radical mastectomy or conservative surgery) were selected from the data base. The data of the first cancer register in the Russian Federation, disposing the data base for more than 5000 patients with breast cancer were analyzed in this work. Consistent with the primary goal of the work the information about 286 patients with locally advanced breast cancer (clinical stages IIB-IIB), receiving neoadjuvant systemic treatment with the following application of surgical treatment stage (radical mastectomy or conservative surgery), was obtained from the date base. The follow up period is from 2 to 10 years. The estimation of application efficiency of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, hormonal treatment and target therapy was done. The basic clinical, pathomorphological and biological factors (HER2, ER, PR, degree of malignancy), decisive for planning of relevant neoadjuvant treatment, enabling to customize medical disposal for a patient and contributing to the increase of comprehensive treatment, rising of general and relapse free survival of patients with locally advanced breast cancer, who underwent breast-conserving surgeries.
Physical Culture as an integral part of general culture of medical students
Authors: Sivas N. V.
Published: December 2018

The problem of education of the individuality through the culture with the help of development of value potential in physical culture is discussed in the article. Improving the efficiency of education of medical students is becoming the leading aim of high school, which is connected with the development of culture of thinking, imagination, feelings and human creativity. Development of human motor capabilities is inseparable from the development of his personal qualities in physical education. One of the most important tasks of the educational process at high school is providing the motivation of a healthy lifestyle, motivation for physical culture and sports. Promotion of a healthy lifestyle should go through the activation of incentive mechanisms and a number of other phenomena of the individual's inner world. Efficiency of this approach is that it provides activity of a person in questions connected with preservation of individual and public health. The article tells us about the need to develop programs that can promote future professionals to form healthy and productive lifestyle, sustained motivation to permanent physical self-improvement. The problem can be successfully solved in the process of learning such course as «Physical education».
Structural changes in the liver in metabolic syndrome
Authors: Vasendin D. V.
Published: December 2018

Scientifically proven close relationship of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with development of metabolic syndrome and its individual components involves the conclusion that the target organ in metabolic symptom, even regardless of the severity of obesity, the liver occupies a dominant position, as the body undergoes the first characteristic of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease changes, involving violation of metabolism in the body. Dislipoproteinemia plays an important role in the formation of metabolic syndrome in obesity and other obesity-associated diseases. Altered liver function are the root cause of violations of processes of lipid metabolism and, consequently, abnormal functioning of the liver may be a separate, additional and independent risk factor for development of dyslipidemia and obesity as the main component of the metabolic syndrome.
Functional characteristics of bone marrow stromal cells in patients with acute leukemia
Authors: Barhatov I. M. , Tsvetkov N. Y. , Shakirova A. I. , Romanyuk D. S. , Smykova O. G. , Zubarovskaya L. S. , Afanasyev B. V.
Published: December 2018

Pathogenesis of acute leukemia is associated with the presence of genetic and functional aberrations in hematopoietic stem cells. However, as one of the possible factors contributing to the progression of disease could be regarded as the pull of the stromal cells of bone marrow. In this paper we evaluated the major functional characteristics of stromal cells: proliferative activity, hematopoiesis supportive and differentiation ability, as well as analysis of the expression of adhesion molecules. Stromal cells derived from acute leukemia patients in comparison with healthy donors are characterized by a high proliferative activity and a pronounced ability to osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation with prominent expression of hematopoietic stem cells homing mediating molecules.
Interpretation of plasma amino acid profile using multiple marker approach
Authors: Subbotina T. F. , Zhloba A. A. , Alexeevskaya E. S. , Birulya I. V.
Published: December 2018

In the analysis of plasma amino acid profile in a group of patients with left ventricular outflow tract pathology (n = 151) increased levels of serine, alanine, arginine, and lysine has been found. These metabolic shifts can be linked with the development of circulatory deficiency and mitochondrial dysfunction. The differentiation of the reference values intervals helps in the assessment of individual amino acid profiles.
Psychological characteristics and attitude to health among patients with arterial hypertension
Authors: Gureeva I. L. , Isaeva E. R.
Published: December 2018

This work is dedicated to the study of psychological characteristics and attitude to health among patients with arterial hypertension. We hypothesized that it was important to study the picture of health not only for healthy individuals, but also for people with chronic somatic diseases for whom category «health» may be of particular significance. It was also important to study correlation between attitude to health and compliance to treatment.