bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Screening and Assessment of Cancer-Related Fatigue: A Clinical Practice Guideline for Health Care Providers
Authors: Fisher Mary Insana , Cohn Joy C , Harrington Shana E , Lee Jeanette Q , Malone Daniel
Published: September 2022

Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is the most common side effect of cancer treatment. Regular surveillance is recommended, but few clinical practice guidelines transparently assess study bias, quality, and clinical utility in deriving recommendations of screening and assessment methods. The purpose of this clinical practice guideline (CPG) is to provide recommendations for the screening and assessment of CRF for health care professions treating individuals with cancer. Following best practices for development of a CPG using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) Statement and Emergency Care Research Institute (ECRI) Guidelines Trust Scorecard, this CPG included a systematic search of the literature, quality assessment of included evidence, and stakeholder input from diverse health care fields to derive the final CPG. Ten screening and 15 assessment tools supported by 114 articles were reviewed. One screen (European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer–Quality of Life Questionnaire–30 Core Questionnaire) and 3 assessments (Piper Fatigue Scale–Revised, Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy–Fatigue, and Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System [PROMIS] Fatigue-SF) received an A recommendation (“should be used in clinical practice”), and 1 screen and 5 assessments received a B recommendation (“may be used in clinical practice”). Health care providers have choice in determining appropriate screening and assessment tools to be used across the survivorship care continuum. The large number of tools available to screen for or assess CRF may result in a lack of comprehensive research evidence, leaving gaps in the body of evidence for measurement tools. More research into the responsiveness of these tools is needed in order to adopt their use as outcome measures.

Impact

Health care providers should screen for and assess CRF using one of the tools recommended by this CPG.
Type H vessels—a bridge connecting subchondral bone remodelling and articular cartilage degeneration in osteoarthritis development
Authors: Liu Yuan , Xie Hui-Qi , Shen Bin
Published: September 2022

Recent studies have shed light on the cellular and molecular mechanisms that link subchondral bone remodelling and angiogenesis in knee osteoarthritis (OA). Type H vessels are a newly identified bone blood vessel characterized by high expression of CD31 and endomucin that are coupled with osteogenesis. Factors including mechanical loading, TGF-β1, platelet-derived growth factor type BB, the osteoprotegerin–RANK ligand–RANK system, osteopontin, mechanistic target of rapamycin, VEGF, stromal cell-derived factor l and prostaglandin E2 participate in the formation of type H vessels in osteoarthritic subchondral bone. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of type H vessels in knee OA, as well as the signalling pathways involved and potential therapeutic medicines. In future, the pathogenesis of knee OA could be further clarified by connecting type H vessels and the design of new disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs. However, further experiments are needed to determine the upstream signals regulating type H vessel formation in osteoarthritic subchondral bone.
DOSIMETRY AND CANCER RISK ESTIMATIONS FOR DIFFERENT RADIATION PROTECTION SOLUTIONS AT DECOMMISSIONING A CONTAMINATED NUCLEAR POWER PLANT SITE
Authors: Andersson Martin , Eckerman Keith , Ören Ünal
Published: September 2022

Contaminated sediments originating from dredging activities in a nuclear power plant site were placed in a pond, which has to be taken into consideration during the future decommissioning process. The sediments have to be handled to free release the site. The radionuclides Co-60 and Cs-137 were identified and the activity concentrations (Bq/kg) were quantified in the range of 10–6000 and 5–50 Bq kg−1, respectively. The absorbed dose rate to individuals of various ages and sex present at the site of the dry pond area was estimated. The radiological impact in terms of lifetime attributable risk (LAR) and effective dose were calculated. For a 30-year-old male exposed during one year without any action regarding the sediments in the dried out pond, the LAR was predicted to be 0.0027, which recalculated to effective dose corresponds to 7.6 mSv year−1. The calculations show that countermeasures will be needed for the contaminated site.
Longitudinal Network Analysis Reveals Interactive Change of Schizophrenia Symptoms During Acute Antipsychotic Treatment
Authors: Sun Yaoyao , Zhang Yuyanan , Lu Zhe , Yan Hao , Guo Liangkun , Liao Yundan , Lu Tianlan , Wang Lifang , Li Jun , Li Wenqiang , Yang Yongfeng , Yu Hao , Lv Luxian , Zhang Dai , Bi Wenjian , Yue Weihua
Published: September 2022

Background and Hypothesis

Complex schizophrenia symptoms were recently conceptualized as interactive symptoms within a network system. However, it remains unknown how a schizophrenia network changed during acute antipsychotic treatment. The present study aimed to evaluate the interactive change of schizophrenia symptoms under seven antipsychotics from individual time series.

Study Design

Data on 3030 schizophrenia patients were taken from a multicenter randomized clinical trial and used to estimate the partial correlation cross-sectional networks and longitudinal random slope networks based on multivariate multilevel model. Thirty symptoms assessed by The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale clustered the networks.

Study Results

Five stable communities were detected in cross-sectional networks and random slope networks that describe symptoms change over time. Delusions, emotional withdrawal, and lack of spontaneity and flow of conversation featured as central symptoms, and conceptual disorganization, hostility, uncooperativeness, and difficulty in abstract thinking featured as bridge symptoms, all showing high centrality in the random slope network. Acute antipsychotic treatment changed the network structure (M-test = 0.116, P < .001) compared to baseline, and responsive subjects showed lower global strength after treatment (11.68 vs 14.18, S-test = 2.503, P < .001) compared to resistant subjects. Central symptoms and bridge symptoms kept higher centrality across random slope networks of different antipsychotics. Quetiapine treatment network showed improvement in excitement symptoms, the one featured as both central and bridge symptom.

Conclusion

Our findings revealed the central symptoms, bridge symptoms, cochanging features, and individualized features under different antipsychotics of schizophrenia. This brings implications for future targeted drug development and search for pathophysiological mechanisms.
Quality of Care and Cost-effectiveness: Optimizing Wound Care in the Netherlands
Authors: Brekelmans Wouter , Borger van der Burg Boudewijn L. S. , Tolen Nicole J. , Hoencamp Rigo
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVE

Previously, the authors implemented a “fast-track protocol” in the Netherlands to shorten the time to referral for patients when diagnostic testing was deemed necessary given suspicion of underlying pathology preventing wound healing. This subanalysis of the cross-sectional study presents the cost reduction of using that fast-track protocol.

METHODS

The cross-sectional study data were collected at the Alrijne Wound Centre between January 2017 and January 2018 and included patients from two general practitioner practices and a large home-care organization who had a new occurrence of wounds. The cost-effectiveness analysis consisted of an analysis of the mean reduction in care, wound dressing materials, and reduction in unnecessary hospital referrals.

RESULTS

In 2017, a total of 415 patients received wound care of the general practitioners or home-care organization. By using the “fast-track” protocol, costs were reduced in all areas. After extrapolation, the minimum mean cost reduction in wound care was €129,949,638; on wound dressings, it was €2,623,920, and on the reduction of unnecessary hospital referrals, the average recovery was €2,436,000.

CONCLUSIONS

Prompt triage, analyses, and treatment of underlying causes by specialized doctors in a multidisciplinary setting offer enormous potential for cost savings. The conservative estimate is that approximately €135,000,000 to €293,000,000 can be saved in annual healthcare costs in the Netherlands using this protocol.
Influence of Health Education on Podiatric Knowledge, Self-care, and Conditions in Adults With Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review
Authors: Fernández-León Paula , Palomo-Toucedo Inmaculada C. , Carvajal-Moreno Lidia , Domínguez-Maldonado Gabriel , Sánchez-Sánchez Sandra , Reina-Bueno María
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVE

To determine if health education has an influence on podiatric knowledge, self-care, and conditions in adults with diabetes mellitus.

DATA SOURCES

The authors conducted a literature search for Spanish-, English-, and Portuguese-language publications using PubMed, Scopus, Dialnet, and CUIDEN.

STUDY SELECTION

Selected keywords related to diabetes, health education, (diabetic) foot, and self-care were searched, and the titles, abstracts, and relevant full-text articles were screened. Thirteen studies were selected with a total of 1,296 participants. Four were randomized controlled trials, and nine were quasi-experimental studies.

DATA EXTRACTION

Data pertaining to preventive intervention and study outcomes were extracted.

DATA SYNTHESIS

The preventive interventions used varied from traditional educational workshops and one-on-one patient education to new technological strategies. Three different outcomes were evaluated in each study: podiatric knowledge (n = 4), foot self-care (n = 13), and foot problems (n = 2).

CONCLUSIONS

Health education interventions increase podiatric self-care in adults with diabetes mellitus. These interventions appear to contribute positively to foot health and podiatric knowledge.
Perioperative Care of the Patient with Eye Pathologies Undergoing Nonocular Surgery
Authors: Roth Steven , Moss Heather E. , Vajaranant Thasarat Sutabutr , Sweitzer BobbieJean
Published: September 2022

The authors reviewed perioperative ocular complications and implications of ocular diseases during nonocular surgeries. Exposure keratopathy, the most common perioperative eye injury, is preventable. Ischemic optic neuropathy, the leading cause of perioperative blindness, has well-defined risk factors. The incidence of ischemic optic neuropathy after spine fusion, but not cardiac surgery, has been decreasing. Central retinal artery occlusion during spine fusion surgery can be prevented by protecting eyes from compression. Perioperative acute angle closure glaucoma is a vision-threatening emergency that can be successfully treated by rapid reduction of elevated intraocular pressure. Differential diagnoses of visual dysfunction in the perioperative period and treatments are detailed. Although glaucoma is increasingly prevalent and often questions arise concerning perioperative anesthetic management, evidence-based recommendations to guide safe anesthesia care in patients with glaucoma are currently lacking. Patients with low vision present challenges to the anesthesia provider that are becoming more common as the population ages.
Anatomic Posterolateral Corner Reconstruction With Single Graft Tibial Socket Fixation
Authors: Swift Brendan , Alzahrani Mohammad , Potter Jeffrey M. , Pickell Michael
Published: September 2022

Introduction:

The posterolateral corner (PLC) is comprised of the fibular collateral ligament, popliteus tendon, and popliteofibular ligament. Injuries to the PLC are associated with significant morbidity and functional limitation, most frequently manifested through a varus thrust gait. In the previous 2 decades, advances have been made in understanding the importance of the PLC and as a result, many techniques have been developed to address its reconstruction.

Material and Methods:

The Laprade technique is a previously described anatomic reconstruction of the PLC. We propose some modifications to this technique, which involve dissection of the posterolateral tibia to allow direct protection of the popliteal neurovascular bundle while establishing tibial fixation. A single hamstring graft is utilized for the reconstruction, is routed through the fibular tunnel and subsequently secured with the use of a dual-expanding tenodesis anchor, placed in a tibial socket removing the need for a tibial tunnel.

Conclusion:

The present study describes a novel anatomic technique that allows for improved protection of neurovascular structures, better control of graft tensioning and tunnel management, and the judicious use of a single tendon autograft while maintaining the described benefits of the anatomic Laprade technique.
Update on treatment as prevention of HIV illness, death, and transmission: sub-Saharan Africa HIV financing and progress towards the 95–95–95 target
Authors: Gupta Somya , Granich Reuben , Williams Brian G.
Published: September 2022

Purpose of review

After over 40 years, the HIV pandemic is amongst the deadliest in history – 100% fatal without treatment, HIV has infected over 84 million people, and has caused over 40 million deaths. Global HIV spending between 2000 and 2015 totaled over a half trillion dollars. Delays in harnessing scientific advances, including ‘test and treat’ and treatment as prevention of illness, death, and transmission (TasP) provide a cautionary tale applicable to other pandemics. Resource allocation has also been problematic with many highest burden countries spending less than 50% on care and treatment.

Recent findings

Between 2002 and 2021, over $94 billion was budgeted for HIV in 40 sub-Saharan African countries, with 19 countries over $1 billion. In 2021, 8.1 million (32%) People Living with HIV (PLHIV) are still not on treatment; viral suppression data, the most important programme success indicator, is unavailable for 50% of countries. Of 19 countries with at least one billion dollars budgeted, seven have below 80% ART coverage, leaving 3.5 million (29%) of PLHIV off treatment and vulnerable to illness, death, and transmitting the virus to partners and children.

With additional funding and improved efficiency, achieving the 95–95–95 target to diagnose 95% of all HIV-positive individuals, provide antiretroviral therapy (ART) for 95% of those diagnosed and achieve viral suppression for 95% of those treated by 2030 is feasible and the humane pathway towards ending the HIV pandemic.
Septic cardiomyopathy: characteristics, evaluation, and mechanism
Authors: Xue Wanlin , Pang Jiaojiao , Liu Jiao , Wang Hao , Guo Haipeng , Chen Yuguo
Published: September 2022

Sepsis is a common clinical disease; if there is no early active treatment, it is likely to develop into multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and even cause death. Septic cardiomyopathy is a complication of sepsis-related cardiovascular failure, characterized by reversible left ventricular dilatation and decreased ventricular systolic and/or diastolic function. At present, echocardiography and biomarkers are often used to screen septic cardiomyopathy in clinics. Although there is still a lack of clear diagnostic criteria for septic cardiomyopathy, according to existing studies, the pathogenesis of several septic cardiomyopathy has been clarified, such as immune response caused by infection and mitochondrial dysfunction. This review summarizes the characteristics, pathophysiology, and diagnosis of septic cardiomyopathy and focuses on the mechanisms of infection immunity and mitochondrial dysfunction.
End-to-side Anastomosis on Digital Arteries: Just a Technical Choice or a Real Benefit?
Authors: Troisi Luigi , Tedone Clemente Erica , Susca Valentina , Vizcay Macarena , Zanchetta Francesco , Stucchi Sara , Pajardi Giorgio Eugenio
Published: September 2022

Background:

High-quality evidence is currently poor regarding the benefits of end-to-end (ETE) or end-to-side (ETS) anastomosis in arterial and venous anastomoses, despite being postulated as a potential influence on outcomes. A sufficient microvascular anastomosis is indispensable for the success of any free tissue transfer. ETS microvascular anastomoses have been becoming increasingly important as they allow reconstruction even in patients with impaired vascular status. To the authors’ knowledge, no studies have examined the choice of ETE or ETS anastomoses specifically for digital arteries.

Methods:

We conducted a retrospective study of ETE and ETS anastomosis cases; the only inclusion criteria was that digital arteries (proper, common) were the recipient vessels.

Results:

Fifty-seven cases met the inclusion criteria. All the venous anastomoses were ETE. Of these cases, four total intraoperative complications (immediate thrombosis) and only one case of complete failure were registered. The ETE group consisted of 49 patients and the ETS group of eight patients. A comparison of the mean ischemia time in the two groups showed no statistically significant difference (P = 0.121).

Conclusions:

We observed no difference in the reconstructive outcomes of hand free-flaps and reconstruction between ETE or ETS digital arteries anastomoses. The successful microsurgical reconstruction was independent of anastomotic technique. In particular, the results of our study demonstrated no statistically significant increase of the ischemia time; thus, no prolongation of operative time can be attributed to the higher technical challenge of the anastomosis.
Obesity-Related High-Output Heart Failure
Authors: Cintron Samantha A. , Shen Qiuhua , Mahoney Diane , Sardiu Mihaela E. , Hiebert John B. , Pierce Janet
Published: September 2022

Background

High-output heart failure (HF) is a type of HF characterized by signs and symptoms of HF and a cardiac output of 8 L/min or greater or a cardiac index greater than 3.9 L/min/m2. High-output HF occurs secondary to an underlying condition that requires high cardiac output due to an increase in oxygen consumption or decreased systemic vascular resistance. Obesity is a major cause of high-output HF, yet there is limited research on obesity-related high-output HF. Thus, the pathophysiologic mechanisms of this syndrome are not fully understood.

Objective

The objectives of this integrative review were to describe the current state of the research regarding obesity-related high-output HF and to recommend direction for future research.

Methods

We conducted an integrative review focusing on the peer-reviewed literature on patients with obesity-related high-output HF using Whittemore and Knafl's methodology. MEDLINE, CINAHL, and EMBASE electronic databases were searched for all publications indexed in the databases as of March 9, 2022. A narrative synthesis of definitions and symptoms, obesity as an underlying condition, pathophysiology, and treatments of obesity-related high-output HF was completed.

Results

A total of 6 articles were included in the integrative review, with 1 nonexperimental, retrospective study and 5 literature reviews. Understanding of obesity-related high-output HF is very limited because of scant empirical evidence in the existing literature. Possible pathophysiologic mechanisms include increased pressure in the upper airways, adipokine dysregulation, increased metabolic activity, and insulin resistance.

Conclusion

Additional research is needed on the pathophysiologic mechanisms of obesity-related high-output HF to begin investigations on therapeutic interventions to improve health outcomes.
The Association Between Vitamin D Levels and the 10-Year Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Zhou Ying , Jiang Ming , Sun Jin-Yu , Cheng Chen , Shen Hui , Sun Wei , Kong Xiang-Qing
Published: September 2022

Background

The association between vitamin D levels and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk remains unclear. In this study, the association between serum 25(OH)D and 10-year ASCVD risk was examined in a national sample of middle-aged and older adults.

Methods

Cross-sectional data from the 2009–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. The Pooled Cohort Equations were used to estimate the risk of a first ASCVD event in 10 years. An adjusted multiple linear regression model was used to investigate the association between serum 25(OH)D and ASCVD risk. In addition, we performed sensitivity analysis and interactive analysis to assess the robustness of associations across different subgroups.

Results

A total of 3354 participants were included in this study. The linear regression model indicated that the risk of ASCVD decreased with the increase in serum 25(OH)D. When analyzed as a continuous variable, serum 25(OH)D was significantly associated with the estimated 10-year risk of ASCVD. In the fully adjusted model, each 10-nmol/L increase in serum 25(OH)D reduced the estimated 10-year ASCVD risk by 0.172% (P < .001). Individuals in the moderate, insufficient, and sufficient vitamin D deficiency groups had a 0.449% (P = .362), 0.957% (P = .046), 1.475% (P = .003) decrease in ASCVD risk, respectively, when a severe vitamin D deficiency group was set as a reference in the fully adjusted model.

Conclusion

Our data suggest a negative association between vitamin D levels and the predicted 10-year risk of ASCVD. Further studies are required to investigate whether vitamin D supplements could reduce the risk of ASCVD.
Sleep Quality and Fatigue in Construction Workers
Authors: Barrios Araya Silvia C. , Masalan Apip Maria Patricia , Ferrada Calvo Ximena V. , Campos-Romero Solange C. , Molina Muñoz Yerko P.
Published: September 2022

Background

In Chile, there is no specific information how affect the quality of sleep and fatigue to the construction workers.

Objective

To present the results of a cognitive behavioral intervention in construction workers aimed at reducing fatigue through improvement in sleep quality.

Methodology

Pragmatic non-randomized clinical trial with follow-up. Sample of 180 workers from a construction company, organized in a control group and the intervention group belonging to five construction projects.

Conclusion

Long-term effects are reflected in the third measurement of the Epworth scores, in the presence of fatigue. Those workers who received the cognitive behavioral intervention reduced their levels of sleepiness and fatigue.

A multidisciplinary approach is required to study not only fatigue and sleep, but also other relevant aspects of health, since impact on accident rates, days lost from work, and quality of life.
The efficacy of mindfulness-based intervention for heart diseases: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Kang Qingxia , Luo Aihua
Published: September 2022

Introduction:

The efficacy of mindfulness-based intervention for heart diseases remains controversial. We conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the impact of mindfulness-based intervention on heart diseases.

Methods:

We have search PubMed, EMbase, Web of science, EBSCO, and Cochrane library databases through August 2020 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of mindfulness-based intervention versus usual care on heart diseases. This meta-analysis is performed using the random-effect model.

Results:

Five RCTs involving 458 patients are included in the meta-analysis. Overall, compared with control group for heart diseases, mindfulness-based intervention is associated with significantly increased 6 minute walking test [mean difference (MD) = 14.74; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 2.50–26.97; P = .02], decreased heart rate (MD = −2.54; 95% CI = −4.76 to −0.31; P = .03) and stress score (MD = −2.31; 95% CI = −4.23 to −0.38; P = .02), but shows no obvious impact on anxiety score (MD = −3.48; 95% CI = −7.98 to 1.03; P = .13) or respiratory rate (MD = −0.42; 95% CI = −1.31 to 0.46; P = .35).

Conclusions:

Mindfulness-based intervention can provide additional benefits to heart diseases.
Pneumonia and de novo atrial fibrillation in a patient with myotonic dystrophy type 1: A case report
Authors: Londoño-Tobón Luisa , García Cesar Augusto Ortiz
Published: September 2022

Introduction:

Myotonic dystrophy type 1 is a rare genetic disorder that mainly affects the musculoskeletal system; However, it may cause several complications in other body systems representing challenges for health care providers.

Patient concerns:

We present the case of a patient with a history of previously diagnosed type 1 myotonic dystrophy who presented to the emergency department with cough dyspnea, and thoracic pain.

Diagnosis:

Differential diagnoses included pulmonary embolism with a moderate probability according to the Wells score, acute coronary syndrome, acute heart failure, and pneumonia. Diagnostic workup involved chest radiography, EKG, and a CTPA which revealed pneumonia, posteriorly the patient presented de novo atrial fibrillation.

Interventions:

The patient was successfully treated with empiric antibiotic therapy and amiodarone, respiratory and physical therapy.

Outcomes:

The patient was discharged on day 34, however oxygen weaning was not possible.

Conclusion:

Treatment of MD1 patients is challenging due to the various mechanisms of the disease; patients with new-onset deterioration should be screened for the most common complications such as cardio-respiratory events.

The authors suggest pneumonia as a risk factor for basal respiratory function deterioration and a contributing factor for triggering cardiac events for further research in prospective studies.
The risk of suicide in patients with critical illness: A population-based study in Taiwan
Authors: Hu Wei-Syun , Lin Cheng-Li
Published: September 2022

The authors investigated retrospectively the association between critical illness and risk of suicide attempts. The data are from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database. Propensity score matching, multivariable models, Kaplan–Meier analysis, and competing risk analysis were used to explore this association. The authors found that patients having an critical illness were associated with increased risk of suicide attempts after adjusting for risk factors (adjusted hazard ratio = 2.98; 95% confidence interval = 1.46–6.08). Among different subtypes of critical illness, patients with sepsis/septic shock exhibited the highest risk of suicide attempts (adjusted hazard ratio = 3.43, 95% confidence interval = 1.52–7.74). An association between critical illness and suicide attempts was shown. Sepsis/septic shock was found to confer the highest risk in these specific population.
Avellis syndrome with ipsilateral prosopalgia, glossopharyngeal neuralgia, and central post-stroke pain: A case report and literature review
Authors: He Sijin , Chen Qigang , Jing Zhicong , Gu Lihua , Luo Kaixuan
Published: September 2022

Rationale:

Avellis syndrome is a rare bulbar syndrome. The main lesions may involve nucleus ambiguus and the lateral spinothalamic tract. The typical reported clinical manifestations are hoarseness, dysphagia, pain, and temperature disturbance of contralateral body. The manifestations, however, may vary. We aim to report new manifestations of Avellis syndrome in this report.

Patient concerns:

A 47-year-old Chinese peasant woman who felt sudden dizziness, nausea when she was doing the laundry was referred to our department from other hospital. She vomited the stomach contents once and complained numbness of the left trunk and limbs as well as coughing while drinking. The patient presented with palatopharyngeal paralysis, Horner syndrome, and diminished pain as well as temperature sensation in the contralateral face, trunk, and limbs. She also presented with ipsilateral prosopalgia, glossopharyngeal neuralgia, and central poststroke pain.

Diagnoses:

T2-weighted MRI images demonstrated a high-signal intensity lesion in the right medulla oblongata which indicated a banded infarction site. The patient was diagnosed with medulla oblongata infarction, Avellis syndrome, Horner syndrome, dysphagia, hemiparesthesia, ipsilateral prosopalgia, glossopharyngeal neuralgia, and central poststroke pain.

Interventions:

The patient was administrated aspirin to prevent the aggregation of platelet and rosuvastatin tablets to regulate lipids as well as to stabilize vascular plaque. She was injected with butylphthalide sodium chloride to improve nerve nutritional status and carbamazepine was prescribed to deal with prosopalgia and glossopharyngeal neuralgia. Gabapentin and pregabalin were administrated to deal with the central poststroke pain.

Outcomes:

The symptoms of prosopalgia as well as glossopharyngeal neuralgia were gone, and dizziness, dysphagia, and Horner syndrome were significantly alleviated when she was discharged from the hospital while the interventions showed little effect on central poststroke pain.

Lessons:

We reported a case of Avellis syndrome who manifested as the typical reported manifestations. The patient, what’s more, presented with ipsilateral trigeminal, glossopharyngeal neuralgia, and central poststroke pain which were described for the first time. It is of great significance for clinicians to recognize the typical as well as other manifestations which helps to make a clear diagnosis.
Study on the mechanism of warming yang and reducing turbidity decoction in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease based on network pharmacology
Authors: Cui Quan-Qing , Li Xian-Min , Xie Ying
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of warming yang and reducing turbidity decoction in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) by network pharmacology. The active components and corresponding targets of warming yang and reducing turbidity decoction were screened through the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database, DKD-related targets were obtained from Genecard and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man databases, and drug-disease common targets were screened through Venny online website. Then we used STRING and Cytoscape software to analyze and perform protein–protein interaction network, and used CytoNCA plug-in to perform topological analysis to screen out the core target. We used RStudio to performed gene ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. One hundred one active components in warming yang and reducing turbidity decoction participated in the regulation of the body’s response to foreign bodies, lipopolysaccharides, metal ions, ketone bodies, hypoxia and oxidative stress by regulating 186 targets related to DKD, and played a role in the treatment of DKD by interfering with pathways such as interfered with lipids and atherosclerosis, PI3K-Akt, fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, AGE-RAGE and cell senescence. It was implied that warming yang and reducing turbidity decoction had the features of multi components, multi targets and multi pathways in the treatment of DKD, which might create methods and directions for further verification of the molecular mechanism of warming yang and reducing turbidity decoction.
Impact of the HIV infection in Hodgkin lymphoma individuals: A protocol for systematic review and meta analysis
Authors: Fagundes Raissa Bila Cabral , Delgado de Mederios Leno Goes , Barros de Souza Amaxsell Thiago , Oliveira da Silva Maria Isabel , Moreira Matheus Jose Barbosa , Villarrim Carolina Colaço , Araújo-Filho Irami , Medeiros Kleyton Santos
Published: September 2022

Background:

Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder that occurs in about 10% of all cancer cases. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is associated with an increased occurrence of a wide range of cancers, including HL due to progressive immunosuppression and co-infection with oncogenic viruses. However, the aim of this systematic review is to obtain evidence about the impact of the HIV infection in HL individuals.

Methods:

We will obtain studies through PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, LILACS, CENTRAL, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases. The inclusion criteria will be observational studies (sectional, cohort, and case-control) that describe the impact of the HIV infection in HL individuals. Outcomes of interest include mortality, prevalence, causes of hospitalization, time between HIV diagnosis and HL diagnosis in days, comorbidities (systemic hypertension, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, others), T CD4 + cells/mm3 at HIV diagnosis and at HL diagnosis, viral load (log10 copies/mL) at HL diagnosis, and history of treatment abandon. Two reviewers, independently, will extract the data from each included study. Meta-analysis will then be carried out using fixed-effects or random-effects model, using the mean difference for continuous outcomes and the relative risk for dichotomous outcomes. Risk of bias will be assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. The quality of evidence for each outcome will be assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology. Review Manager V.5.3.5 will be used for synthesis and subgroup analysis. To assess heterogeneity, we will compute the I
2 statistics. Additionally, a quantitative synthesis will be performed if the included studies are sufficiently homogenous.

Ethics and dissemination:

This study will be a review of the published data, and thus it is not necessary to obtain ethical approval. The findings of this systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

PROSPERO registration number:

CRD42021289520
The efficacy and safety of Codonopsis lanceolata water extract for sarcopenia: A study protocol for randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
Authors: Park Jaehyeon , Kim Hyungsuk , Choung Se-Young , Jeon Yong Jae , Jeon Hyo Jin , Jun Youn Sang , Choi Yong , Cho Hong-Seok , Kang Junhyuk , Seo Yeonho , Kim Koh-Woon , Song Mi-Yeon
Published: September 2022

Introduction:

This study aimed to propose a protocol to demonstrate the efficacy of Codonopsis lanceolata water extract for the improvement of skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and function (muscle strength or performance function) and its safety compared to a placebo in adults with reduced muscle strength.

Methods and analysis:

A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted. Participants will be recruited from the Korean Medicine Hospital in South Korea. One hundred and four adults with reduced muscle strength will be randomly assigned a 1:1 ratio to either the experimental or placebo comparator groups. The participants will consume the product corresponding to their assigned group for the following 12 weeks, and efficacy and safety tests will be conducted. This is the first clinical trial of C lanceolata water extract in adults with reduced muscle strength. The results of this study would provide a clinical basis for the efficacy and safety of C lanceolata water extract in patients with sarcopenia.

Ethics and dissemination:

This trial was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital at Gangdong on July 15, 2021 (amendment number: MLB_DDE_H01 [ver. 01]). When a change was made in the clinical trial plan, the IRB reviewed and approved the revised clinical trial plan. The study was registered on the Clinical Research Information Service website on December 3, 2021 (registration number: PRE20211203-003; https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/detailSearch.do?seq=20841&status=1&seq_group=20841&search_page=M). The results of this clinical trial will be reported in the future. Every document related to the clinical trial, such as the electronic case report form, will be recorded and classified by the subject identification code and not by the subject name.
Alzheimer’s disease related single nucleotide polymorphisms and correlation with intracerebral hemorrhage incidence
Authors: Sawyer Russell P. , Demel Stacie L. , Comeau Mary E. , Marion Miranda , Rosand Jonathan , Langefeld Carl D. , Woo Daniel
Published: September 2022

Apolipoprotein E alleles have been associated with both Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). In addition, ICH is associated with a markedly high risk of subsequent dementia compared to other subtypes of stroke. We sought to evaluate if other genetic markers for AD were also associated with ICH. We examined whether published AD risk single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and haplotypes were associated with ICH utilizing genome-wide association study data from 2 independent studies (genetic and environmental risk factors for hemorrhagic stroke [GERFHS] study and genetics of cerebral hemorrhage with anticoagulation [GOCHA]). Analyses included evaluation by location of ICH. GERFHS and GOCHA cohorts contained 745 ICH cases and 536 controls for analysis. The strongest association was on 1q32 near Complement receptor type 1 (CR1), where rs6701713 was associated with all ICH (P = .0074, odds ratio [OR] = 2.07) and lobar ICH (P = .0073, OR = 2.80). The 51 most significant 2-SNP haplotypes associated with lobar ICH were identified within the Clusterin (CLU) gene. We identified that variation within CR1 and CLU, previously identified risk factors for AD, and are associated with an increased risk for ICH driven primarily by lobar ICH. Previous work implicated CR1 and CLU in cerebral amyloid clearance, the innate immune system, and cellular stress response.
Prediction of the gait function using the nigrostriatal and corticoreticulospinal tracts of the affected hemisphere in a cerebral infarct: A diffusion tensor imaging study
Authors: Jang Sung Ho , Yeo Sang Seok , Cho Min Jye
Published: September 2022

Prognosis predictability of the nigrostriatal tract (NST) and corticoreticulospinal tract (CRT) of affected hemisphere at early stage for gait function at chronic stage were investigated using diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) in patients with a cerebral infarction.

Thirty consecutive patients with middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory infarction were recruited. Functional ambulation category (FAC) was used to evaluate the gait function at chronic stage. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and tract volume (TV) of ipsilesional NST and ipsilesional CRT were determined to be DTT parameters at early stage.

FAC score at chronic stage showed strong positive correlations with TVs of ipsilesional NST and ipsilesional CRT at early stage (ipsilesional NST R = 0.786; ipsilesional CRT R = 0.821; P < .05). According to regression model, FAC score at chronic stage was positively related to TVs of ipsilesional NST and ipsilesional CRT at early stage (Adjusted R
2 = 0.700, F = 34.905, P < .05). FAC score at chronic stage was associated more positively with TV of ipsilesional CRT (β = 0.532) than that of ipsilesional NST (β = 0.362).

Ipsilesional NST and ipsilesional CRT at early stage had prognosis predictability for gait function at chronic stage in patients with an MCA infarction. Moreover, ipsilesional CRT had stronger predictability than ipsilesional NST.
The clinical prognostic value of long noncoding RNA HAND2-AS1 in cancer patients: A study based on meta-analysis and TCGA data (PRISMA)
Authors: Yan Zhaoyang , Lu Juntao , Xu Xinjian , You Yang , Xu Jinsheng , Xu Tongxin
Published: September 2022

Background:

The heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 2 antisense RNA 1 (HAND2-AS1) is a novel long noncoding RNA aberrantly expressed in human malignancies. We aimed to analyze the available data to evaluate the clinical prognostic significance of HAND2-AS1 in tumors.

Methods:

In this meta-analysis, electronic databases, including PubMed Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Medline, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang, were searched from their inception up to December 1, 2021. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) or odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated to assess the relationship of HAND2-AS1expression level with prognosis and clinicopathological features in cancer patients. The publication bias was identified by Begg’s test, and the sensitivity analysis was also performed.

Results:

A total of 10 articles with 615 patients were included in the present meta-analysis. The combined results revealed that low expression of HAND2-AS1 was associated with poor overall survival (OS) (HR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.36–0.64, P < .001) in a variety of cancers. In addition, the decrease in HAND2-AS1 expression was also correlated with poor differentiation (OR = 4.36, 95% CI: 2.15–8.87, P < .001) and lymph node metastasis (OR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.13–0.54, P < .001). The cancer genome atlas (TCGA) dataset further demonstrated that low expression of HAND2-AS1 was associated with poor OS and disease-free survival.

Conclusions:

Our results of this meta-analysis indicated that HAND2-AS1 may be a prognostic marker and even a therapeutic target for human cancer.
Identification of a functional circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in infantile hemangioma by bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Gu Da , Lou Huanmin , Li Yang , Xu Guangqi
Published: September 2022

Several circRNA have been reported to serve critical roles in various biological processes of human body. The present study aimed to build a circRNA-based competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network and explore the regulatory mechanisms of circRNA in infantile hemangiomas (IH). Differentially expressed circRNA, miRNA, and mRNA were downloaded from the gene expression synthesis (GEO) microarray database (GSE98795, GSE69136, and GSE127487). Cancer-specific circRNA database (CSCD), miRDB and Targetscan were employed to predict the targets of RNA. A total of 855 DEcircRNAs, 69 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs), and 3233 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) appeared as genes that were aberrantly expressed in IH. The circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was constructed based on 108 circRNAs, 7 miRNAs, 274 mRNAs in IH. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis indicated hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF)-1 signaling pathway and Notch signaling pathway were significantly enriched in IH with being constructed a ceRNA regulatory network. Furthermore, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and Cytoscape showed the top 10 hub genes that regulate angiogenesis, namely FBXW7, CBLB, HECW2, FBXO32, FBXL7, KLHL5, EP300, MAPK1, MEF2C, and PLCG1. Our findings provide a deeper understanding the circRNA-related ceRNA regulatory mechanism in IH. This study further perfected the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network related to IH and explored the potential function of mRNA in this network. It provides more understanding for the circRNA-related ceRNA regulation mechanism in the pathogenesis of IH.
Clinical analysis of the serum muscle enzyme spectrum of patients with newly diagnosed Sheehan’s syndrome
Authors: Gao Hongjiao , Xiang Qiao , Li Jindie , Yu Meng , Lan Yalin , Ba Junqiang , Liu Yan , Tian Haoming
Published: September 2022

We investigated the factors associated with serum muscle enzyme elevation in patients with Sheehan’s syndrome. A total of 48 patients who were newly diagnosed with Sheehan’s syndrome were included and divided into 3 groups: Group 1, creatine kinase (CK) ≥ 1000 U/L; Group 2, 140 < CK < 1000 U/L; and Group 3, CK ≤ 140 U/L. Differences in serum muscle enzymes, serum electrolytes, blood glucose and hormones were compared among the 3 groups. A Spearman correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were performed on serum muscle enzymes and the other variables. Four patients in Group 1 underwent electromyography. Fourteen, 26 and 8 patients were divided into Group 1, Group 2, and Group 3, respectively. The levels of plasma osmolality, serum sodium, free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxine (FT4) in Group 1 were lower than those in Group 3 at admission (P < .05). There were significant differences in CK, CK-MB, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase among the three groups (P < .05). CK was correlated with serum sodium (r = −0.642, P < .001), serum potassium (r = −0.29, P = .046), plasma osmolality (r = −0.65, P < .001), FT3 (r = −0.363, P = .012), and FT4 (r = −0.450, P = .002). Moreover, creatine kinase isoenzyme-MB (CK-MB) was correlated with serum sodium (r = −0.464, P = .001) and plasma osmolality (r = −0.483, P < .001). The multiple linear regression showed that serum sodium was independently and negatively correlated with CK (r = −0.352, P = .021). The electromyogram results supported the existence of myogenic injury. Sheehan’s syndrome is prone to be complicated by nontraumatic rhabdomyolysis, with both a chronic course and acute exacerbation. Serum muscle enzymes should be routinely measured. For patients with CK levels > 1000 U/L, a CK-MB/CK ratio < 6% can be a simple indicator to differentiate rhabdomyolysis from acute myocardial infarction. Abnormal serum muscle enzymes observed in Sheehan’s syndrome may be associated with hypothyroidism and with hyponatremia in particular.
Luminal pressure gradient and risk of arteriovenous fistula nonmaturation
Authors: Kuo Chi-Heng , Chang Te-I , Chen Cheng-Hsien , Chen Chun-You , Hsieh Hui-Ling , Hsu Shih-Chang , Cheng Ho-Shun , Sue Yuh-Mou , Chen Tso-Hsiao , Hsu Yung-Ho , Lin Feng-Yen , Shih Chun-Ming , Huang Po-Hsun , Liu Chung-Te
Published: September 2022

While arteriovenous fistula (AVF) nonmaturation is a major issue of hemodialysis care, an effective treatment to improve AVF maturation remains lacking. AVF introduces pulsatile arterial blood flow into its venous limb and produces high luminal pressure gradient, which may have adverse effect on vascular remodeling. As such, the aim of the present study is to investigate effect of luminal pressure gradient on AVF nonmaturation. This single-center, prospective observational study includes patients receiving autologous AVF creation. Participants received early postoperative ultrasound 5–7 days after surgery to collect parameters including diameters, flow rates, and volume at inflow and outflow sites. Luminal pressure gradient was estimated by using modified Bernoulli equation. The outcome was spontaneous AVF maturation within 8 weeks after surgery without intervention. Thirty patients were included, of which the mean age was 66.9 years and 70% were male. At the end of study, 13 (43.3%) patients had spontaneous AVF maturation. All demographic and laboratory characteristics were similar between patients with mature and nonmature AVF. Regarding ultrasonographic parameters, nonmature AVF showed significantly higher inflow/outflow diameter ratio, inflow velocity, and luminal pressure gradient. While these 3 parameters were significantly correlated, multivariate logistic regression showed their significant association with AVF nonmaturation. Receiver operating characteristic curve exhibited their high predictive value for AVF nonmaturation. Our findings showed that higher inflow/outflow ratio, inflow velocity, and AVF luminal pressure gradient in early postoperative ultrasound predicted risk of AVF nonmaturation. Reducing inflow/outflow diameter ratio or inflow rate may be an approach to improve AVF maturation. The predictive value of this early assessment might have impact on the clinical practice of AVF care.