bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acute and sub-acute toxicity assessment of aqueous leaves extract of Crassocephalum crepidioides (Asteraceae) in Wistar rats
Authors: Nguemfo Edwige Laure , Mbock Armel Junior , Zangueu Bogning Calvin , Magne Fongang Annie Laure , Belle Ebanda Kedi Philippe , Dongmo Alain Bertrand
Published: January 2021

Objectives

Several studies establish the therapeutic properties of various plants which are sometimes a source of minerals, vitamins and phytochemical compounds. However, many studies evoked potential toxic of some. In Cameroon, Crassocephalum crepidioides (C.c) is used in folk medicine to treat several diseases, but there are not much informations about its toxicity. This study evaluate its acute and sub-acute toxicity.

Methods

Our study was undertaken to evaluate acute and sub-acute toxicity of aqueous leaves extract of C.c. The study was conducted using the OECD guidelines about oral toxicity’s study. For acute toxicity, rats were administrated single oral dose of 5,000 mg/kg body weight (b.w) and monitored for death and weight impairment during seven days. In sub-acute toxicity, experimental rats received daily doses of 250,500 and 1,000 mg/kg b.w during 28 consecutive days. The toxics effects of the extract were assessed using anthropometric, haematological, biochemical parameters as well as histology of vital body’s organs (liver, kidneys, lungs and spleen).

Results

lethal dose 50 (LD50) was find to be greater than 5,000 mg/kg b.w in rats. In sub-acute toxicity, we observed significant increase of body weight, food and water consumption with the maximums of 15.14, 24.52 and 28.86% respectively at 1,000 mg/kg b.w. There was no significant change in haematological parameters. However, we observed significant change in biochemical parameters. Furthermore, structural disorders were noticed in liver and kidneys of animals treated with C.c.

Conclusion

Data obtained suggesting that C.c extract could be safe in single administration, but with toxic effects in repeated treatment.
Okada Purifying Therapy in combination with duloxetine vs. duloxetine alone in patients with TMD and fibromyalgia: a randomized clinical study
Authors: Bruti Gianluca , Atencio Manuela Ramos , D’Urso Anna , Di Giacomo Paola , Di Paolo Carlo
Published: January 2021

Objectives

This randomized study was aimed at evaluating the additional analgesic effect of Okada Purifying Therapy (OPT) when administered in combination with duloxetine in patients with Temporomandibular Disorders (TMDs) and Fibromyalgia (FM).

Methods

Patients with TMDs visited at Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome who were diagnosed with FM were selected for the study. The final sample was composed of 31 patients: 15 patients were treated only with duloxetine (Group I) and 16 patients underwent also OPT treatment (Group II), for eight weeks. Craniomandibular index, total tenderness score, Brief Pain Inventory Modified Short Form, Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory and State and Trait Anxiety Inventory-1 were assessed at the beginning (T0), during the course (T1) and after therapy (T2). Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed.

Results

In all the data analyzed, both groups showed an improvement in particular between T0 and T1. No statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups during the trial, except for the interaction between treatment and time as to the ability of walking at the BPI-I (F=7.57, p=0.002). No side effects due to the duloxetine were recorded in group II compared to group I.

Conclusion

The additional complementary treatment (OPT) did not appear to give the patients with TMDs and FM any further benefit but it might improve pharmacological tolerability of the traditional medication.
A mixed effects multinomial logistic-normal model for forecasting baseball performance
Authors: Gerber Eric A. E. , Craig Bruce A.
Published: January 2021

Prediction of player performance is a key component in the construction of baseball team rosters. As a result, most prediction models are the proprietary property of team or industrial sports entities, and little is known about them. Of those models that have been published, the main focus has been to separately model each outcome with nearly no emphasis on uncertainty quantification. This research introduces a joint modeling approach to predict seasonal plate appearance outcome vectors using a mixed-effects multinomial logistic-normal model. This model accounts for positive and negative correlations between outcomes, both across and within player seasons, and provides a joint posterior predictive outcome distribution from which uncertainty can be quantified. It is applied to the important, yet unaddressed, problem of predicting performance for players moving between the Japanese (NPB) and American (MLB) major leagues.
Tokooos!as a linguistic fashion: The recontextualization and appropriation of Lingala youth language
Authors: Nassenstein Nico
Published: January 2021

This paper focuses on Lingala youth language (Bantu; DR Congo) and its recontextualization and use in the media and advertising industry, promoting music(ians), lifestyle products and telecommunication companies. Adolescents’ linguistic practices are often picked up and diffused by musicians and other public individuals, or at times even appropriated by them. This is exemplified by the innovative expressiontokooos, which was used and diffused by the Congolese musician Fally Ipupa. The paper discusses the changing youth language practice Lingala ya Bayankee/Yanké from in-group language (of Congolese street-based adolescents) to a recontextualized commodified register, diffused beyond its community of practice and perceived as a “linguistic fashion”.
Effects of eccentric exercise-induced delayed onset muscle soreness on endoplasmic reticulum stress-related markers
Authors: Dogru Yeliz , Varol S Rana , Rudarli Nalcakan Gulbin , Akyuz Murat , Tas Murat , Ulman Cevval
Published: January 2021

Short Communications

Apelin, pentraxin3 (PTX3), and interleukin6 (IL6) parameters are known as inflammation markers and found to be related to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of eccentric exercise-induced delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) on ER stress-related markers in young athletes.

Objectives and Methods

ER stress and DOMS-related blood markers, maximal strength level, and rate of perceived exertion using the visual analog scale (VAS) were assessed before, immediately after, 24, 48, and 72 h after the muscle damage protocol.

Results

IL6 peaked 24 h after while creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase enzyme levels reached their peaks at 72 h after the protocol. The level of apelin continued to increase throughout the four measurements, and PTX3 peaked at 24 h, and then declined to the levels before the protocol but the differences were not significant. The significant decrease in the strength and the significant increase in VAS continued 48 h after the protocol.

Conclusion

ER is activated and ER stress occurred, due to increases in IL6, PTX3 and apelin levels after the test protocol concluded that a single vigorous eccentric exercise should be avoided in harmful effect on health as parallel with Physical Activity Guidelines.
Ablehnung und Anerkennung
Authors: Schlott René
Published: January 2021

Die Publikationsgeschichte von Raul Hilbergs Werk „The Destruction of the European Jews“ hat 2017 einiges Aufsehen erregt, als zwei Gutachten veröffentlicht wurden, in denen Mitarbeitende des Instituts für Zeitgeschichte (IfZ) von einer Übersetzung ins Deutsche abrieten. Damals blieben jedoch wichtige Fragen offen, denen sich diese Dokumentation auf der Basis neuer Archivfunde aus den Verlagsarchiven von C.H.Beck und Droemer Knaur widmet. Zudem ist im Nachlass von Ino Arndt ein Briefwechsel aufgetaucht, in dem sich die Autorin des bereits bekannten Gutachtens aus dem Jahr 1980 mit dem Verlag Darmstädter Blätter über eine mögliche Übersetzung von Hilbergs Werk austauschte und auf die damit verbundenen Kosten aufmerksam machte. Damit liegen nun drei dokumentierte Ablehnungen aus dem IfZ vor. Zugleich zeigen aber andere Quellen, dass Hilbergs Werk durch das Institut für Zeitgeschichte Wertschätzung und Anerkennung erfuhr. Die Beziehung zwischen Hilberg und dem Münchner Institut bleibt somit ambivalent.
Crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis and Pixel calculations of the monohydrate of (E)-3-(2-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one: occurrence of π interactions
Authors: Gomes Ligia R. , Low John N. , Turner Alan B. , Wardell James L.
Published: January 2021

A detailed structural analysis has been carried out on the monohydrate of (E)-3-(2-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-1-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one, 1·H

2

O. The molecule, 1, shows a small deviation from planarity with an interplanar angle between the phenyl groups of 13.32(6)°. Classical O–H⋯O hydrogen bonds involving the water molecule play significant roles in determining the overall structure. The chalcone molecules in the structure are linked directly by C–H⋯O and off-set face-to-face π⋯π intermolecular interactions, as well as indirectly via interactions involving the water molecule in an elaborate spiralling hydrogen bonding scheme. The relative contributions of various intermolecular contacts were investigated using Hirshfeld surface analysis and the associated two dimensional fingerprint plots. Pairs of molecules were identified in the crystal structure using the Pixel method. The Pixel lattice energy calculations revealed that the dispersion and the Coulombic components were the major contributors to the packing stabilization. Comparisons were made between the structures of 1·H

2

O and hydroxylated (E)-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1-phenyl-prop-2-en-1-one derivatives, in particular in regards to the participation of π interactions.
Solidarity and Implications of a Leaderless Movement in Hong Kong
Authors: Lai Yan-ho , Sing Ming
Published: January 2021

In 2019, what began in Hong Kong as a series of rallies against a proposal to permit extraditions to mainland China grew into a raft of anti-authoritarian protests and challenges to Beijing’s grip on the city. Given the gravest political crisis confronting Hong Kong in decades, this research investigates why the protests have lacked centralized leaders and why the solidarity among the peaceful and militant protesters has been immense. This article also examines the strengths and limitations of this leaderless movement with different case studies. The authors argue that serious threats to the commonly cherished values in Hong Kong, amid the absence of stable and legitimate leaders in its democracy movement, underpinned the formation of a multitude of decentralized decision-making platforms that orchestrated the protests in 2019. Those platforms involved both well-known movement leaders organizing conventional peaceful protests and anonymous activists crafting a diversity of tactics in ingenious ways, ranging from economic boycotts, human chains around the city, artistic protests via Lennon Walls, to the occupying of the international airport. The decentralized decision-making platforms, while having generated a boon to the movement with their beneficial tactical division of labor, also produced risks to the campaign. The risks include the lack of legitimate representatives for conflict-deescalating negotiations, rise in legitimacy-sapping violence, and susceptibility to underestimating the risks of various tactics stemming from a dearth of thorough political communication among anonymous participants who had different goals and degrees of risk tolerance. In short, Hong Kong’s anti-extradition movement in 2019 sheds light on the basis of leaderless movements, and on both the strengths and risks of such movements.
Practicing Autonomy within a Communist State
Authors: Fong Brian C. H.
Published: January 2021

Hong Kong’s autonomy within China is akin to a house built on sand. This article examines how Hong Kong’s autonomy has weathered the waves over the years by adopting a news events analysis approach, documenting the Hong Kong government and the CCP-state’s divergence from the autonomy, democratization, and human rights provisions of the Sino-British Joint Declaration and the Basic Law since 1997. The case study of Hong Kong indicates the profound challenge of practicing territorial autonomy within a communist state and points to a new research direction for conducting comparative autonomies studies across communist and post-communist states.
To Compete or to Cooperate
Authors: Wong Stan Hok-Wui , Or Nick H. K.
Published: January 2021

In a multiparty authoritarian election, candidates of the ruling coalition may cooperate with each other to defeat the opposition. Alternatively, they may compete against each other, as their support bases often overlap. To what extent would they compete or cooperate? Using disaggregate election data from Hong Kong, we conduct a systematic analysis of the intra-elite dynamics in elections. We find that the ruling coalition in Hong Kong has strived to suppress intra-camp competition in order to optimize nominations and vote division. We also find, however, that pro-establishment parties increasingly guard against each other, which makes within-camp, cross-party coordination more difficult.
“What Are You?”
Authors: Lambert Ashlee A.
Published: January 2021

My cultural identities blend into an ambiguous aesthetic that cannot be contained by boxes asking “what are you?” Racial marking, however, leaves little room for negotiation. In this essay, I use critical autoethnography to illuminate the Black/White binary, stereotypes, and microaggressions through everyday interactions. I use autocritography, a critical subgenre of autoethnographic inquiry that interrogates traditionally muted complexities, pains, confusions, and possibilities that push a person to study what they study, to connect my standpoint to scholarship. Using autocritography, I examine how the complexity and intersections of my identity influence my communication with others and analyze the underlying meanings of my experiences.
Cine y compromiso crítico en la segunda generación del exilio en México
Authors: De Orduña Fernández Nuria
Published: January 2021

Este artículo propone una aproximación a las aportaciones críticas y cinematográficas que realizaron los escritores de la segunda generación del exilio en México. El objetivo es mostrar la concordancia entre las ideas que recorren sus críticas cinematográficas y las críticas literarias: preocupaciones estéticas y reflexiones en torno al público y el espectador, la función de la crítica, el cine como creación y la figura del autor-director, la preocupación existencial, la independencia crítica y el dialogismo que se relacionan con la huella institucionista de su formación y con las teorías del cine de los años sesenta. Una praxis crítica y creativa que transformó el panorama crítico y cinematográfico de México durante los años sesenta y setenta. Se presta especial atención al Grupo Nuevo Cine y a su revista, así como a la realización de la película En el balcón vacío.
“Doctor en Alaska” 6/17: teoría, literatura y conflictos de interpretación en (una) serie
Authors: García Rodríguez Javier
Published: January 2021

«El graduado»[1] es el episodio 17 de la sexta temporada de la serie Doctor en Alaska. Plantea un argumento en el que Chris Stevens defiende su tesis de máster ante un representante de los modelos formalistas-contenidistas norteamericanos («tradicionalistas») y un representante de los modelos postestructuralistas («deconstruccionistas»). El tema de la tesis, sus principios teóricos, los paradigmas interpretativos y la inquina entre los scholars son asuntos que demuestran la presencia de la Teoría dentro de la ficción audiovisual y las luchas en la Academia. Este artículo analiza este episodio como muestrario teórico-literario. Y propone su uso como una forma rentable de enseñanza de la teoría de la literatura.

 

[1] The Graduate, episodio 6/17 de Doctor en Alaska. Escrito por Sam Egan y dirigido por James Hayman. Se emitió por primera vez el 8 de marzo de 1995.
Una forma eufemística de llamarle a las mentiras
Authors: Cavazzino Valeria
Published: January 2021

Este estudio se centra en el análisis e interpretación de los conceptos de populismo y posverdad en el ámbito del periodismo de opinión. El estudio presenta como modelo analítico una selección de artículos de Arcadi Espada (Barcelona, 1957), colaborador de El Mundo y autor de libros de investigación y de crítica periodística. Dichos textos constituirán el objeto del análisis discursivo centrado en los contenidos informativos y los aspectos formales de la redacción de la noticia. El enfoque del trabajo reelabora las teorías de Redacción Periodística y los estudios sobre Argumentación a fin de ilustrar las técnicas y las estrategias compositivas y estructurales del mensaje periodístico de opinión. El objetivo es recomponer un cuadro analítico mediante la teorización de los conceptos mencionados, la posverdad y el populismo, y sus ecos en las columnas analizadas en conformidad con los resultados realizados por los estudios de Teoría de la Comunicación, de Análisis del Discurso y de Periodística.
El enfoque del trabajo reelabora las teorías de Redacción Periodística y los estudios sobre Argumentación a fin de ilustrar las técnicas y las estrategias compositivas y estructurales del mensaje periodístico de opinión. El objetivo es recomponer un cuadro analítico mediante la teorización de los conceptos mencionados, la posverdad y el populismo, y sus ecos en las columnas analizadas en conformidad con los resultados realizados por los estudios de Teoría de la Comunicación, de Análisis del Discurso y de Periodística
Konferencija SVARBIAUSI INFEKCINIŲ LIGŲ IMUNOLOGINIAI ASPEKTAI
Authors: Lituanica Acta medica
Published: January 2021

Konferencija SVARBIAUSI INFEKCINIŲ LIGŲ IMUNOLOGINIAI ASPEKTAI
Fetal echocardiography in Lithuania: traditions, significance and problems
Authors: VANKEVIČIENĖ Ramunė
Published: January 2021

Background. The discovery of ultrasound has made a revolution in almost all fields of medicine. The past three decades have withessed an intensive development of fetal echocardiography methods and technique. The aim of the paper is to present a review of the results and trends of the last 10 years of fetal echocardiography in Lithuania and to show the spectrum and outcomes of prenatally detected congenital heart diseases.
Materials and methods. Fetal echocardiography was performed for 1816 fetuses during the period from 1999 to 2009.
Results. Cardiac pathology was diagnosed in 176 (9.7%) fetuses. Heart defects were detected in 112 (63.6%) of them, cardiac rhythm and conduction disturbances in 62 (35.2%), cardiomyopathy in 2 (1.1%) fetuses, and heart rhabdomyoma in 1 (0.6%) fetus. The general rate of the postnatal diagnosis of congenital heart defects in Lithuania was about 10%. Most of fetal cardiac diseases (70.5%) were diagnosed after 22 weeks of gestation. Because most of antenatally diagnosed congenital heart defects (74%) were critical and inconsistent with life, a large part of newborns (40.2%) died in the neonatal period, 10.7% of fetuses died in utero, and 8% of pregnancies were terminated by abortion. The data demonstrate good tendencies: the diagnosis has become earlier, a wider spectrum of diseases have been diagnosed, more newborns have survived. Our survey shows that 41.1% of newborns with prenatally diagnosed congenital heart defects have survived.
Conclusions. 10% of severe congenital heart diseases are detected prenatally in Lithuania. The efficacy of antenatal diagnostics depends on the qualification of specialists, the number of tertiary care centers, on a successful collaboration among pediatric cardiologists, obstetricians and geneticists. The main problem is an insufficient preparation of obstetricians, the uncertified favor of pediatric cardiologist.

Keywords: congenital heart disease, fetal echocardiography, antenatal diagnostics
How should a clinician interpret results of randomized controlled trials?
Authors: ŠAPOKA Virginijus , KASIULEVIČIUS Vytautas , DIDŽIAPETRIENĖ Janina
Published: January 2021

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews are the most reliable methods of determining the effects of treatment. The randomization procedure gives a randomized controlled trial its strength. Random allocation means that all participants have the same chance of being assigned to each of the study groups. The choice of which end point(s) to select is critical to any study design. Intention-to-treat is the preferred approach to the analysis of clinical trials. Sample size calculations and data analyses have an important impact on the planning, interpretation, and conclusions of randomized trials. In this article, we discuss the problematic areas that can affect the outcome of a trial, such as blinding, sample size calculation, randomization; concealment allocation; intention of treating the analysis; selection of end points; selection of traditional versus equivalence testing, early stopped trials, selective publications.

Keywords: randomized controlled trials, sample size, outcomes, type of analyses
Efficacy of the Tribulus food supplement used by athletes
Authors: MILAŠIUS Kazys , PEČIUKONIENĖ Marija , DADELIENĖ Rūta , SKERNEVIČIUS Juozas
Published: January 2021

Introduction. Tribulus is a popular food supplement used by a big number of athletes. It is made from the puncture (Tribulus terrestris) plant growing in the Mediterranean region. Tribulus terrestris increases activity of protein synthesis and muscular mass and facilitates recuperation after physical loads. The analysed literature sources present clinical researches on Tribulus, however, data on the efficacy of this food supplement to athletes’ body are not sufficient.
The aim of the research was to establish the influence of the Tribulus food supplement on athletes’ physical development, physical working ability and aerobic capacity as well as on some blood biochemical indices.
Materials and methods. The sample of the research included thirty-two 20–22-year-old athletes. The experimental group consisted of 20 individuals who used one capsule of Tribulus of the Optimum Nutrition Company (USA) in the morning and two capsules in the evening for the next 20 days. The control group consisted of 12 individuals who did not consume any food supplement. The physical development, physical working ability and aerobic capacity of the athletes were measured.
The research results showed that the Tribulus food supplement increased mixed anaerobic alactic glycolytic muscular power at 30-s work and reduced lactate concentration in the blood.
Conclusions. The Tribulus food supplement has a positive influence on athletes’ anaerobic alactic glycolytic power and aerobic capacity when energy is produced in the aerobic way.

Keywords: Tribulus food supplement, physical development, muscular power, aerobic capacity
Projeto de ensino
Authors: Castaman Ana Sara
Published: January 2021

Este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar as contribuições do Projeto de Ensino ‘Produção de estratégias e de materiais didático-pedagógico de apoio ao docente da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica’, no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul (IFRS) - Campus Sertão, na formação de bolsistas. Destarte, pautado em uma abordagem qualitativa, a partir da técnica de revisão bibliográfica e de análise documental, aborda: a) o projeto de ensino, enquanto uma política do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul; e, b) a experiência vivenciada de bolsistas: aprendizagens e contribuições para a formação inicial e continuada. Os resultados indicam que a finalidade do projeto está sendo atingida, apesar de terem sido citados alguns desafios. Compreende-se que a atuação do projeto de ensino na instituição, favoreceu o processo de ensino e aprendizagem e, em especial, a formação humana e profissional das bolsistas.
Palavras-chave: Formação; bolsista; projeto.
ENSINO DA MEDICINA SOCIAL NA GRADUAÇÃO
Authors: Teixeira Carmen Fontes , Noronha Ceci Vilar , Paim Jairnilson Silva
Published: January 2021

Resumo: O Departamento de Medicina Preventiva da Universidade Federal da Bahia, introduziu uma nova disciplina no currículo médico, "Introdução à Medicina Social", oferecida aos alunos do 3º semestre do curso, em caráter obrigatório. O presente artigo discute a formulação e implementação da disciplina no ano de 1992. Conceitua a Medicina Social como um campo de saber e práticas que inclui a produção de conhecimentos sobre as relações entre o processo saúde-doença e o modo de vida de grupos populacionais específicos e as respostas socialmente organizadas para o enfrentamento dos problemas de saúde com base na ação estatal e/ou na ação das organizações políticas, profissionais, sindicais e populares. Descreve os objetivos, conteúdo teórico e atividades teórico-práticas e práticas da disciplina, acrescentando os resultados da avaliação realizada pelos estudantes que evidenciam uma forte tendência à "aprovação" do conteúdo teórico e à ampliação das atividades práticas, como visitas e debates com representantes de organizações políticas, sindicais e profissionais e ações comunicativas em escolas, creches, associações comunitárias e serviços de saúde.
APLICAÇÃO DO MÉTODO "CAGE" PARA ESTUDO DA PREVALÊNCIA E DETECÇÃO PRECOCE DO ALCOOLISMO EM ENFERMARIASGERAIS E ESPECIALIZADAS DE UM HOSPITAL UNIVERSITÁRIO
Authors: Santos Marilinda Bettina S.S , Gailit Jr Ademar Z. , Sato Mário Teruo , Lawrynink Marcos , Sater Jean Boutros , Czpak José Carlos , Ribas Luiz Fernando de Oliveira , Oliveira Nelson de Andrade
Published: January 2021

Resumo: Considerando a alta prevalência de alcoolismo no Brasil, seja através de estudos realizados na população geral ou específica, internos do Departamento de Clínica Médica optaram por avaliar esta prevalência no Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná. Foram entrevistados 211 pacientes (100% do número de internamentos considerados os anos de 1989 e 1990 para o mesmo período) das enfermarias de clínica médica, cirurgia e ginecologia. Fazia parte do instrumento a identificação, o teste CAGE e o SADD. Foram coletados dados dos prontuários buscando correlacionar os resultados da pesquisa com a avaliação descrita pelo médico, em termos de diagnóstico e de sinais e sintomas anotados. Como resultados, demonstrou-se uma prevalência de 10,90% de alcoolismo, sendo mulheres 2,75% e homens 19,60%. Em termos do SADD houve predomínio entre homens de média dependência e entre as mulheres a distribuição para baixa, média e alta dependência se mostrou igual. Comparando a avaliação médica descrita em prontuário com o resultado da pesquisa, 60,86% dos CAGE positivos não foram percebidos pelo diagnóstico, sendo que destes, 2,85% apresentaram 3 ou mais sintomas ou sinais de alcoolismo.
CONSTRUINDO OS SISTEMAS DA EDUCAÇÃO E DA SAÚDE: UMA ABORDAGEM PRELIMINAR
Authors: Amâncio Filho Antenor
Published: January 2021

Resumo: O artigo aborda correlações, em termos de estratégias de mudança preconizadas na Constituição de 1988, para as áreas da saúde e da educação, apontando semelhanças nas ações previstas para ambas as instâncias, no sentido de alterar o panorama sanitário e educacional. Revela avanço mais significativo alcançado pela saúde, face a implantação do Sistema Único de Saúde, consequência talvez de um processo de amadurecimento maior quanto à própria realidade e uma maior clareza e vontade política, por parte dos profissionais do setor, de interferir nessa mesma realidade. Destaca como mecanismos essenciais para a mudança a descentralização (enquanto movimento social e político de ruptura) e o controle social como garantia para a democratização dos setores de saúde e da educação. Propõe articulação mais estreita entre essas áreas, pontilhando experiências e somando conquistas.
Cost-optimal Planning, Delete Relaxation, Approximability, and Heuristics
Authors: Bäckström Christer , Jonsson Peter , Ordyniak Sebastian
Published: January 2021

Cost-optimal planning is a very well-studied topic within planning, and it has proven to be computationally hard both in theory and in practice. Since cost-optimal planning is an optimisation problem, it is natural to analyse it through the lens of approximation. An important reason for studying cost-optimal planning is heuristic search; heuristic functions that guide the search in planning can often be viewed as algorithms solving or approximating certain optimisation problems. Many heuristic functions (such as the ubiquitious h+ heuristic) are based on delete relaxation, which ignores negative effects of actions. Planning for instances where the actions have no negative effects is often referred to as monotone planning. The aim of this article is to analyse the approximability of cost-optimal monotone planning, and thus the performance of relevant heuristic functions. Our findings imply that it may be beneficial to study these kind of problems within the framework of parameterised complexity and we initiate work in this direction.
The communication of melancholy, grief, and fear in dance with and without music
Authors: Warrenburg Lindsay A. , Reymore Lindsey , Shanahan Daniel
Published: January 2021

Professional dancers were video recorded dancing with the intention of expressing melancholy, grief, or fear. We used these recordings as stimuli in two studies designed to investigate the perception and sociality of melancholy, grief, and fear expressions during unimodal (dancing in silence) and multimodal (dancing to music) conditions. In Study 1, viewers rated their perceptions of social connection among the dancers in these videos. In Study 2, the same videos were coded for the amount of time that dancers spent in physical contact. Results revealed that dancers expressing grief and fear exhibited more social interactions than dancers expressing melancholy. Combined with the findings of Warrenburg (2020b, 2020c), results support the idea that—in an artistic context—grief and fear are expressed with overt emotional displays, whereas melancholy is expressed with covert emotional displays.
Controlled Multilingual Thesauri for Kazakh Industry-Specific Terms
Authors: Bayekeyeva Ainur , Tazhibayeva Saule , Beisenova Zhainagul , Shaheen Aigul , Bayekeyeva Aisaule
Published: January 2021

This article discusses the practical issues of compiling controlled multilingual thesauri for the purposes of industry-specific translation (IST). In the multilingual, transnational and globally connected Kazakhstan, IST is a much-needed translation service. IST is an interdisciplinary field between terminology, computational linguistics, translation theory and practice. Most of the professional guides, dictionaries and glossaries are systemized in alphabetical order and contain multiple variants for the terms searched. Therefore, there is an urgent need to create a systemized controlled multilingual thesaurus of industry-specific Kazakh, English and Russian terms in order to provide multilingual users with an interoperable and relevant term base. Controlled multilingual thesauri for industry-specific terms are the most effective tools for describing individual subject areas. They are designed to promote communication and interaction among professionals, translators and all Automated Information System users of specific fields irrespective of their location and health conditions. Unlike traditional dictionaries, controlled thesauri allow users to identify the meaning with the help of definitions and translations, relations of terms with other concepts, and broader and narrower terms. The purpose of this research is to unify and systematize industry-specific terms in Kazakh, to provide Russian and English equivalents, and to classify the terms into essential rubrics and subjects. Based on the Zthes data scheme to create a controlled multilingual thesaurus of industryspecific terms, the major rubrics have been formulated, and about 10,000 Kazakh mining and metal terms approved by the Terminological Committee of Kazakhstan have been structured.
Language Provision in the Scottish Public Sector: Recommendations to Promote Inclusive Practice
Authors: McKelvey Róisín
Published: January 2021

Public service providers in Scotland have developed language support, largely in the form of interpreting and translation, to meet the linguistic needs of those who cannot access their services in English. Five core public sector services were selected for inclusion in a research project that focused on the aforementioned language provision and related equality issues: the Scottish Courts and Tribunal Service, NHS Lothian, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, the City of Edinburgh Council and Glasgow City Council. The frameworks within which these public service providers operate—namely, the obligations derived from supranational and domestic legal and policy instruments—were analysed, as was the considerable body of standards and strategy documents that has been produced, by both national organisations and local service providers, in order to guide service delivery. Although UK equalities legislation has largely overlooked allochthonous languages and their speakers, this research found that the public service providers in question appear to regard the provision of language support as an obligation related to the Equality Act (UK Government, 2010). Many common practices related to language support were also observed across these services, in addition to shared challenges, both attitudinal and practical. A series of recommendations regarding improvements to language provision in the public sector emerged from the research findings and are highlighted in this article.
Narrow Rupture of the 2020 Mw 7.4 La Crucecita, Mexico, Earthquake
Authors: Guo Rumeng , Yang Hongfeng , Zhu Yifan , Zheng Yong , Xu Jianqiao , Zhang Lupeng , An Chao
Published: January 2021

On 23 June 2020, a large (Mw 7.4) interplate thrust earthquake struck near the town of La Crucecita in the state of Oaxaca in southern Mexico, following a 55-yr interseismic period. A seismic source model is well constrained by teleseismic waveforms, static Global Positioning System offsets, and tsunami data, suggesting that the earthquake occurred on the slab interface at a dip of ∼23°, with a narrow elliptical asperity concentrating around a shallow depth of ∼20  km. The rupture propagates bilaterally from the hypocenter, and the down-dip rupture is restricted to ∼25  km by slow slip events (SSEs). The down-dip shear stress is released by SSEs during the interseismic period, limiting the earthquake magnitude and possibly resulting in the characteristic earthquake. The 2020 La Crucecita event, thus, is a good reminder to assess the seismic and tsunami potential in this region. The stress changes caused by the coseismic slip of the 2017 Mw 8.2 Chiapas earthquake are too small to trigger the 2020 La Crucecita earthquake. However, combined with the postseismic afterslip effects that play a leading role, it greatly promotes the eventual occurrence of the La Crucecita event. The results demonstrate the importance of considering postseismic afterslip, when evaluating seismic hazard and its migratory pattern.
Macroseismic Intensity Re-Evaluation of the 11 June 1895 Mid-Silesia, Poland, Earthquake
Authors: Sana Hamid , Štěpančíková Petra , Szameitat Annika , Stemberk Jakub
Published: January 2021

Earthquakes in slowly deforming intraplate regions like Poland are not as frequent or of high intensity as at the plate boundaries. However, few low-to-moderate intensity earthquakes have been reported to have shaken different regions of Poland in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. We present an intensity re-evaluation of one of these earthquakes—the 11 June 1895 Mid-Silesia, southwestern Poland earthquake. Damage reports were collected from 563 towns and villages of the Silesia region soon after the earthquake. However, these reports and the names of the places are in German. The damage reports were translated from German to English and the names of the places to present names in Polish. The intensity re-evaluation was carried out using the modified Mercalli intensity (MMI) scale. The highest intensity on the MMI scale is evaluated to be VII in two important towns of Strzelin and Ziębice. The reports mention damage to the estate officer’s house by the 11 June 1895 Mid-Silesia earthquake. In this study, the location of the estate officer’s house was determined, and suspected earthquake damage to the building was demarcated.
Food Memories in Community Based Tourism in the Acolhida na Colônia, Santa Catarina, Brazil
Authors:   Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Florianópolis Continente, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil, Walkowski Marinês da Conceição , Pires Paulo dos Santos ,   Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Balneário Camboriu, Santa Catarina, Brasil, Lopes Carla Vieira ,   Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Florianópolis Continente, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil, Assing Lucilene ,   Engenheira Agrônoma, técnica no Projeto Acolhida na Colônia, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil
Published: January 2021

This article deals with food memories in the context of the cuisine developed by the farmers of Associação Acolhida in Colônia, in the State of Santa Catarina, in southern Brazil. The objective is to identify the associated farmers affective memories and their relationship with food production. The methodological path started, initially, from bibliographic research in national and foreign databases, in addition to theses and dissertations, on the terms ,  and . The field research used methods of Oral History, such as interview and observation, and was carried out with farmers who are part of the project Acolhida na Colônia. We sought to identify memories related to cooking, based on organic food production. The results showed that the recipes are passed on from mothers to daughters and there is a concern to convey the importance of regional identity, given the current changes in technology and food market.
Leisure, Work and Memory in Parque do Flamengo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors:   Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil, Siqueira Euler David de , Santos Joana da Silva Castro ,   Faculdade de Tecnologia de Curitiba, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil
Published: January 2021

The main goal of this work is to understand the different uses and social practices expressed in Parque do Flamengo [Rio de Janeiro, Brazil], a World Heritage Site since 2012. Much more than just a leisure space, disputes and tensions are also manifested in Aterro do Flamengo. Sports, commercial, educational, recreational, spiritual and medicinal practices inscribe in this site different logics as well as different memories and body techniques. In the practices of work, sporting and commemorative that were observed in 2018, the body appears as a place of memory. In our analysis, we used a hermeneutic-interpretative approach and a relational anthropological look. The methodology used in this work, has a qualitative nature and makes use of bibliographic and fieldwork research and also photography.
A New Method for Energy Efficiency Design of Building Facade and Its Thermodynamic Evaluation
Authors: Guo An , Liu Zhaoran
Published: January 2021

Needless to say, green buildings have now become an inevitable trend for the sustainable development of society, and they have paved a way for the harmonious coexistence between man and nature. The design of building facade is an important part in green building construction, to achieve the optimal energy-saving effect of building facade, scholars in the field have attached great importance to this aspect and they have done works to optimize it from constituent materials, structural forms, and thermal insulation properties, etc. For the same purpose, this paper proposed a new method for the energy efficiency design of building facade and a thermodynamic evaluation method. First, the paper analyzed the factors that can affect the energy efficiency design of the wall, windows and roof of building facade; then it gave the calculation methods of parameters that are related to the energy-saving performance of building facade such as the coefficient of building shape (CBS), resistance of heat transfer, and thermal inertia (TI); after that, the paper summarized tips for the energy efficiency design of building facade, put forward a thermodynamic evaluation method for assessing the energy-saving efficiency and economic efficiency of green building facade based on the life cycle theory, and it elaborated the calculation process of energy consumption, exergy consumption and total cost of each stage in the life cycle of the building facade; at last, the paper verified the effectiveness of the new design method and the proposed evaluation method with experimental results, and the research findings of this paper can be applied to the design and evaluation of other buildings.
Role-playing games in teaching communication in a foreign language
Authors: Baeva T.A. , ZHavoronkova E.M. , Sinicyna T.A.
Published: January 2021

The article deals with the role-playing method allowing to include foreign language learning in the model of the future work of medical students. Role-playing related to the doctor’s professional activities raises interest in learning foreign languages, increases personal importance, brings learning process to the real communication.
Creation of an electronic educational and methodological complex for the discipline "Mathematical logic" using the Help & Manual program
Authors: Bejshenalieva U.U. , Smirnova A.S.
Published: January 2021

The article discusses the possibilities of using the Help & Manual program for the development of an electronic educational-methodical complex in the discipline "Mathematical Logic" for university students. The relevance of the topic is determined by the need to ensure the quality of training based on the use of teaching materials. The structure, purpose and objectives of the educational complex are described. The characteristics of the Help & Manual program used to create the CMD for the discipline are indicated: versatility and simplicity of the interface.
The role of self-control in enhancing the educational activities of graduate students on mastering in English
Authors: Gorodeckaya E.YA. , Rogovaya N.A.
Published: January 2021

Self-control is considered as one of the means of monitoring postgraduates’ activity in the English language acquisition, which makes it possible for postgraduates to assess the effectiveness of the techniques and methods of their cognitive activity and to find out the shortcomings and basing on them to correct these shortcomings. The results of three-year experiment aimed at implementation of self-control into postgraduates’ leaning activity are described.
Methodology for studying the information space as an economic categories within the school curriculum
Authors: Mahova A.V. , Nelipa A.V.
Published: January 2021

The materials of this article include methodological materials that form the basis for an optional course for secondary and high school students, which examines the issues, the nature and characteristics of the information space and the impact of its components on everyday life.
Areas of formation of readiness to perform service and combat missions in extreme situations
Authors: SHirshov A.G. , Galkina D.D.
Published: January 2021

The article deals with the problem of forming the readiness of future officers of the national guard of the Russian Federation to perform service and combat tasks in extreme situations within the walls of military educational institutions of higher education in the course of educational activities. The directions of modeling the main factors of the enemy's combat resistance, the impact of extreme situations on students, through practical actions and the use of mental capabilities of the students themselves, are proposed.
The phenomenon of mathematical giftedness as the issue of pedagogical psychology
Authors: Galiullina A.I. , Mefodeva M.A.
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to mathematically gifted children Mathematical giftedness and its components are considered in details. The problems that arise with gifted children, which should be paid attention to teachers and parents, are presented.
Perception of older preschool children: concept, specificity of development
Authors: Meshcheryakova A.E.
Published: January 2021

The article reveals the concept, the essence of the process of perception as a mental property; the specifics of the development of perception in children of preschool age is considered. The phenomenon of artistic perception as the highest form of development of perception of older preschoolers is analyzed.
Dependence of the motivation of the teaching of high school students on academic performance
Authors: Muhina D.V.
Published: January 2021

This article reveals the essence of the concept of ―motivation for learning,‖ also addresses the question of how the performance of high school students affects the motivation of learning. For this, a psychological study was conducted to identify the relationship of academic performance and aspects of learning motivation.
Partisan movement in areas outside the partisan territories Smolensk region during the Great Patriotic War
Authors: Ivanova O.YU.
Published: January 2021

The article provides the analysis of the characteristics of the guerrilla movement on the territory of the Smolensk region (within the borders of 1939) outside the large partisan territories. One of the many factors that influenced the organization and range of activity of the guerrilla movement was the activity of the party and Soviet district leaders.
Reaproveitamento energético do lodo de estação de tratamento de esgoto – uma revisão
Authors: Moura Ana Flávia Fagundes , Siqueira Antonio Marcos de Oliveira , Leite Isabella Cota , Martins Marcela Cota , Castro Francine Duarte , Silva Jaqueline Lacerda da
Published: January 2021

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a capacidade do reaproveitamento energético do lodo de uma estação de tratamento de esgoto (ETE) urbana, a fim de determinar a viabilidade técnica e econômica deste destino final do lodo, em comparação com a disposição final em aterro sanitário. A análise bibliográfica efetuada mostra que do ponto de vista energético, o lodo proveniente de uma ETE, digerido anaeróbio, possui elevada carga orgânica e elevado poder calorífico em relação a outras biomassas combustíveis. Sendo assim, seu reaproveitamento pode ser vantajoso econômica e ambientalmente. A disposição de lodo em aterros, apesar da simplicidade, apresenta problemas ambientais, como a possibilidade de contaminação do lençol freático, do solo e emissão de poluentes. A investigação mostra que no reaproveitamento energético, os processos de conversão do lodo em energia como pirólise e incineração, apresentaram resultados satisfatórios, porém são processos de elevados custos de operação e manutenção.
Problematyka zależności Ukrainy od importu oleju napędowego
Authors: Domian Mateusz
Published: January 2021

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie obecnej sytuacji na ukraińskim rynku oleju napędowego ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem zagrożeń wynikających z jego ograniczonej autonomii. Rynek ten pozostaje wyjątkowo wrażliwy – olej napędowy jest najpopularniejszym paliwem silnikowym wśród mieszkańców tego kraju, jednak jego dostawy są silnie powiązane z wydarzeniami z udziałem Rosji, które z reguły mają negatywny wpływ na jego płynność. Przejawiało się to szczególnie wyraźnie w relacjach rynkowych między Ukrainą, Rosją a Białorusią w roku 2019 i na początku roku 2020.
Na podstawie analizy wskaźnika Shannona–Wienera dla ukraińskiego rynku oleju napędowego oraz współczynnika Giniego dotyczącego importu przez Ukrainę tego paliwa autor pozytywnie weryfikuje hipotezę zakładającą, że fundamentalnym wyzwaniem dla bezpieczeństwa rynku ON Ukrainy pozostaje duży udział w nim paliwa z Rosji i Białorusi (łącznie 52,4%). Z badania wynika, że Ukraina powinna wykorzystywać wszelkie możliwości rynkowe oraz narzędzia prawne, aby minimalizować wyraźny wpływ swojego wschodniego sąsiada na bezpieczeństwo rynku ON.