bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A 10-Year Warm-Season Climatology of Horizontal Convective Rolls and Cellular Convection in Central Oklahoma
Authors: Banghoff John R. , Sorber Jacob D. , Stensrud David J. , Young George S. , Kumjian Matthew R.
Published: October 2019

Horizontal convective rolls (HCRs) and cellular convection (cells) are frequently observed within the planetary boundary layer. Yet understanding of the evolution, seasonal variation, and characteristics of such boundary layer phenomena is limited as previous studies used observations from field experiments or satellites. As a result, little is known about the mean climatology and monthly variation of HCRs and cells. Polarimetric WSR-88D radar observations are used to develop a 10-yr April–September climatology in central Oklahoma including HCR and cell occurrence, duration, and aspect ratios as well as HCR orientation angles and wavelengths. Results indicate that HCRs or cells occur on over 92% of days without precipitation during the warm season. HCRs or cells typically form in midmorning and may persist throughout the day or transition between modes before dissipating around sunset. HCRs generally persist for 1–6 h with typical wavelengths of 2–10 km and most aspect ratios between 1 and 7. Rolls are often oriented within 10° of the mean boundary layer wind but can be as much as 30° off this direction. Mean HCR aspect ratios in this study remain constant during the afternoon, but decrease early in the day and increase late in the day, diverging from previous overland HCR studies. Cells generally persist for 2–6 h with aspect ratios of 1–6. These results should facilitate future studies on convection initiation, formation mechanisms of boundary layer organization, and model parameterization.
Existence of Notoriety Bias in FDA Adverse Event Reporting System Database and Its Impact on Signal Strength
Authors: Neha Reddy , Subeesh Viswam , Beulah Elsa , Gouri Nair , Maheswari Eswaran
Published: October 2019

Background: Notoriety bias is defined as “a selection bias in which a case has a greater chance of being reported if the subject is exposed to the studied factor known to cause, thought to cause, or likely to cause the event of interest.” This study aimed to determine the existence of notoriety bias in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database and estimate the impact of potential notoriety bias induced by safety alerts on signal estimation using disproportionality analysis. Methods: Publicly available FAERS data were downloaded and used for analysis. Thirty-one drugs which had label change/safety alert issued by FDA from 2009 to 2013 were considered. These drugs were reviewed 4 quarters before and after the safety alert notification for the existence of notoriety bias. The impact of notoriety bias induced by safety alerts was analyzed by comparing the signal strength using reporting odds ratio (ROR) and proportional reporting ratio (PRR), 2 years before and after the safety alert. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to determine whether there were a statistically significant difference before and after the safety alert. Results: There was increased reporting for 11 drugs after the safety alert/label change by the FDA. The reporting of 20 drugs decreased or remained unchanged after the safety alert/label change by the FDA. Wilcoxon signed rank test showed that there is no statistically significant difference with respect to the number of reports before and after the safety alert ( P = .330, Z = −0.974). Fourteen (45.16%) drugs had an increase in ROR, while 17 (54.83%) drugs had a decrease in ROR after safety alert issued by FDA ( P = .953, Z = −0.059). Fourteen (45.16%) drugs had an increase in PRR, while 17 (54.83%) drugs had a decrease in PRR after safety alert issued by the FDA ( P = .914, Z = −0.108). Conclusion: Although few FDA safety alert/warnings had a strong and immediate impact, many had no impact on reporting of AE and signal strength. This study found that overreporting due to notoriety bias does not exist in the FAERS database and the overall disproportionality in signal estimates is not altered by the safety alert.
Periodontal Pathogens Modulate Lipid Flux via Fatty Acid Binding Protein 4
Authors: Kim D.J. , Rho J.H. , Woo B.H. , Joo J.Y. , Lee J.Y. , Song J.M. , Lee J.H. , Park H.R.
Published: October 2019

A strong correlation between chronic periodontitis and systemic diseases (e.g., cardiovascular disease, metabolic disorders) has been suggested for several decades. However, the evidence supporting this correlation is restricted primarily to epidemiologic studies, with only a few experimental outcomes confirming such a correlation and providing information about the underlying molecular mechanisms. To reveal a correlation between periodontitis and systemic diseases as well as a relevant molecular pathway, we investigated the effects of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum, which play roles in chronic periodontitis progression, on Raw264.7 and THP-1 macrophages. Infection with P. gingivalis or F. nucleatum significantly induced the expression of fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4), one of the most important adipokines that play a role in the progression of systemic diseases such as atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes. Periodontal pathogen–induced FABP4 expression in macrophages promoted lipid uptake by these cells, as demonstrated by the diminished lipid accumulation in cells treated with an FABP4 inhibitor, BMS309403, or with knockdown of FABP4 expression. This periodontal pathogen–induced FABP4 expression was dependent on the JNK pathway, and JNK inhibition reduced lipid uptake by reducing FABP4 expression. Serum levels of antibodies against P. gingivalis correlated with serum FABP4 levels in humans, whereas no association occurred between F. nucleatum antibody titers and FABP4 levels. To our knowledge, this report is the first to experimentally demonstrate that periodontal pathogens stimulate lipid uptake in macrophages by modulating FABP4 expression. These findings strongly support the hypothesis that periodontitis may affect the progression of various systemic diseases.
Pleasure, Power, or Both? Heteronormativity, Stigma, and the Intersections of BDSM and Anoreceptive Heterosexual Males
Authors: Pitagora Dulcinea Alex
Published: October 2019

Despite the direct connection between anal sex and pleasure, the majority of academic literature frames anal sex in terms of homophobia and/or disease. In the large body of literature on anal sex, only two academic articles have been published on anoreceptive heterosexual males (ARHMs), despite evidence of this type of sexuality dating back to Ancient Egypt and Greece. A review of the literature suggests that the lack of empirical research on ARHMs is due to compulsory heteronormativity, which can instill sexual shame in those with nonconforming sexual preferences. Some ARHMs are BDSM-oriented, and given that BDSM behavior and identity are also stigmatized, BDSM-oriented ARHMs have an additional concealable status that is subject to prejudice. Skills such as higher level communication and self-reflection often inform BDSM interactions and relationship structures, therefore, BDSM-oriented ARHMs may have more opportunity to develop skills to offset shame and stigma, and may take pride as well as pleasure in subverting traditionally heteronormative anoreception roles.
How Stable Is Early Academic Performance? Using Cluster Analysis to Classify Low Achievement and EF
Authors: Woods Adrienne D. , Ahmed Sammy F. , Katz Benjamin D. , Morrison Frederick J.
Published: October 2019

We explored whether and how cognitive measures of executive function (EF) can be used to help classify academic performance in Kindergarten and first grade using nonparametric cluster analysis. We found that EF measures were useful in classifying low-reading performance in both grades, but mathematics performance could be grouped into low, average, and high groups without the use of EF tasks. Membership in the high-performing groups was more stable through first grade than membership in the low or average groups, and certain Kindergarten EF tasks differentially predicted first-grade reading and mathematics cluster membership. Our results suggest a stronger link between EF deficits and low performance than between EF strengths and high performance. We highlight the importance of simultaneously using academic and cognitive skills to classify achievement, particularly since existing classification schemes have been largely based on arbitrary cutoffs using limited academic measures.
Measuring Tourists’ Emotional Solidarity with One Another—A Modification of the Emotional Solidarity Scale
Authors: Joo Dongoh , Woosnam Kyle Maurice
Published: October 2019

Although tourists’ affective bonds with one another are essential to their travel experiences as well as their pretrip anticipations, it nevertheless remains as an underexplored topic in tourism research. Responding to this research gap, this study modified the Emotional Solidarity Scale (ESS), which is originally intended to measure affective bonds between tourists and residents and developed new scales for its theoretical antecedents (i.e., shared beliefs, shared behaviors, and propensity to interact), using potential faith-based tourists in the United States as the target population. For scale modification and development, both qualitative and quantitative research methods were used. The modified ESS (resulting in two unique factors— communality and fairness) along with the new scales for its antecedents demonstrated strong psychometric properties. Further studies are suggested to confirm the two-dimensional structure of the modified ESS and the relationships between the three antecedents in tourists’ intragroup relationship settings.
Veterans and Job Satisfaction in the U.S. Federal Government: The Importance of Role Clarity in the First Years of Civilian Employment
Authors: Tao Andrew K. , Campbell Jesse W.
Published: October 2019

Veterans can face difficulties adjusting to civilian employment due to their experiences in highly structured and regimented military service organizations. This study focuses on factors that affect the job satisfaction of veterans employed in the civilian U.S. Federal Government. Drawing on sector imprinting theory, we propose that role clarity will have a stronger link with job satisfaction for government employees who have served in the military than for those who have not. Second, we argue that this difference will dissipate over time, with the importance of role clarity for veterans being strongest at the earliest stages of the transition to civilian employment. We present evidence for our theory from an analysis of the 2013 Federal Employee Viewpoint Survey. Finally, after discussing the limitations of our study, we suggest practical managerial tactics that can complement ambitious public sector veteran employment initiatives.
A global examination of peer-reviewed, scholarly journal outlets devoted to school and educational psychology
Authors: Begeny John C. , Wang Jiayi , Hida Rahma M. , Oluokun Helen O. , Jones Renee A.
Published: October 2019

One proposed way to support internationalization is to enhance internationally representative and culturally informed scholarship within a respective discipline, and academic journals are a primary source of scholarship for most disciplines. Therefore, to build upon efforts to assess and promote internationally representative scholarship, it is necessary to identify and know more about the discipline-specific journals within a field—including those published in different parts of the world and in different languages. The goals of this study were to (a) identify all peer-reviewed scholarly journals around the globe that are specifically devoted to publishing scholarship about school or educational psychology, and (b) obtain relevant information about those journals (e.g., information about the mission of each journal, article accessibility, language characteristics, etc.). One key finding indicated clear evidence of internationality in the discipline, but there are important limitations with respect to representation aspects of internationalization. Other findings showed that many journals offer free access to scholarly articles and that the vast majority of journals aim to publish scholarship that influences practice. All findings, implications, limitations, and future research directions are discussed in the context of internationalization within school and educational psychology, and are connected to discipline-relevant research, practice, training, collaboration, or advocacy.
Friend Support As a Buffer Against Engagement in Problem Behaviors Among Ethnically Harassed Immigrant Adolescents
Authors: Korol Liliia , Bayram Özdemir Sevgi , Stattin Håkan
Published: October 2019

The present study aims to investigate whether support from a friend protects against the negative effects of ethnic harassment on engagement in delinquent and violent behaviors among immigrant adolescents in Sweden ( n = 365; X = 13.93, SD = .80). We found that when ethnically harassed immigrant adolescents received friend support, they were less likely to engage in problem behaviors concurrently. Yet, friend support did not moderate the longitudinal associations between ethnic harassment and problem behaviors. These findings highlight the important role of supportive friendship relations in counteracting the detrimental effects of ethnic harassment on externalizing problems, particularly in the short term.
Temporal changes of circadian rhythmicity in cluster headache
Authors: Lee Mi Ji , Cho Soo-Jin , Park Jeong Wook , Chu Min Kyung , Moon Heui-Soo , Chung Pil-Wook , Chung Jae-Myun , Sohn Jong-Hee , Kim Byung-Kun , Kim Byung-Su , Kim Soo-Kyoung , Song Tae-Jin , Choi Yun-Ju , Park Kwang-Yeol , Oh Kyungmi , Ahn Jin-Young , Woo Sook-Young , Kim Seonwoo , Lee Kwang-Soo , Chung Chin-Sang
Published: October 2019

Objective

To investigate the temporal changes of circadian rhythmicity in relation to the disease course in patients with cluster headache.

Methods

In this multicenter study, patients with cluster headache were recruited between September 2016 and July 2018. We evaluated the patients for circadian rhythmicity and time of cluster headache attacks in the current bout and any experience of bout-to-bout change in circadian rhythmicity. We analyzed the patterns of circadian rhythmicity in relation to the disease progression (the number of total lifetime bouts, grouped into deciles).

Results

Of the 175 patients in their active, within-bout period, 86 (49.1%) had circadian rhythmicity in the current bout. The prevalence of circadian rhythmicity in the active period was overall similar regardless of disease progression. Sixty-three (46.3%) out of 136 patients with ≥2 bouts reported bout-to-bout changes in circadian rhythmicity. The most frequent time of cluster headache attacks was distributed evenly throughout the day earlier in the disease course and dichotomized into hypnic and midday as the number of lifetime bouts increased ( p = 0.037 for the homogeneity of variance). When grouped into nighttime and daytime, nighttime attacks were predominant early in the disease course, while daytime attacks increased with disease progression (up to 7th deciles of total lifetime bouts, p = 0.001) and decreased in patients with the most advanced disease course ( p = 0.013 for the non-linear association).

Conclusions

Circadian rhythmicity is not a fixed factor, and changes according to the disease course. Our findings will be valuable in providing a new insight into the stability of functional involvement of the suprachiasmatic nucleus in the pathophysiology of cluster headache.
A Prospective Study of Childhood Predictors of Traumatic Brain Injuries Sustained in Adolescence and Adulthood
Authors: Guberman Guido I. , Robitaille Marie-Pier , Larm Peter , Ptito Alain , Vitaro Frank , Tremblay Richard E. , Hodgins Sheilagh
Published: October 2019

Objective:

Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are sustained by approximately 17% of males in the general population, many of whom subsequently present mental disorders, cognitive, and physical problems. Little is known about predictors of TBIs and how to prevent them. The present study aimed to determine whether inattention–hyperactivity and/or all externalizing problems presented by boys at age 10 predict subsequent TBIs to age 34 after taking account of previous TBIs and family social status (FSS).

Method:

742 Canadian males were followed, prospectively, from age 6 to 34. Diagnoses of TBIs were extracted from health files, parents-reported sociodemographic and family characteristics at participants’ age 6, and teachers-rated participants’ behaviors at age 10. Separate logistic regression models predicted TBIs sustained from age 11 to 17 and from age 18 to 34. For each age period, two models were computed, one included previous TBIs, inattention–hyperactivity, FSS, and interaction terms, the second included previous TBIs, externalizing problems, FSS, and interaction terms.

Results:

In models that included inattention–hyperactivity, TBIs sustained from age 11 to 17 were predicted by age 10 inattention–hyperactivity (odds ratio [ OR] = 1.46, 1.05 to 2.05) and by TBIs prior to age 11 ( OR = 3.50, 1.48 to 8.24); TBIs sustained from age 18 to 34 were predicted by age 10 inattention–hyperactivity ( OR = 1.31, 1.01 to 170). In models that included all externalizing problems, TBIs from age 11 to 17 were predicted by prior TBIs ( OR = 3.66, 1.51 to 8.39); TBIs sustained from age 18 to 34 were predicted by age 10 externalizing problems ( OR = 1.45, 1.12 to 1.86). Neither FSS nor interaction terms predicted TBIs in any of the models.

Conclusions:

Among males, using evidence-based treatments to reduce inattention–hyperactivity and externalizing problems among boys could, potentially, decrease the risk of TBIs to age 34. Further, boys who sustain TBIs in childhood require monitoring to prevent recurrence in adolescence.
Book reviews
Authors: Carr Jane
Published: October 2019

In this section ten books are reviewed, presented in the following general order: children’s ministry and families, youth ministry and families, adult ministry and community/small groups, foundations of Christian education, teaching-learning process, spirituality and spiritual formation, and leadership and administration—although reviews may not appear for each area. A list of each area and responsible editors appears after the last review in this section. We invite readers to consider reviewing a book for CEJ. Guidelines are available in downloadable documents at www.biola.edu/cej under Publications Policy on the drop-down menu.
Diagnostic and Clinical Utility of Clinical Exome Sequencing in Children With Moderate and Severe Global Developmental Delay / Intellectual Disability
Authors: Stojanovic Jelena Ruml , Miletic Aleksandra , Peterlin Borut , Maver Ales , Mijovic Marija , Borlja Nikola , Dimitrijevic Brankica , Soldatovic Ivan , Cuturilo Goran
Published: October 2019

Clinical exome sequencing is currently being used in diagnostics of various genetic disorders, but studies supporting its application in clinical setting are scarce. The aim of this study was to establish diagnostic and clinical utility of clinical exome sequencing in patients with moderate and severe global developmental delay/intellectual disability. Clinical diagnosis was made in 49 of 88 investigated patients, with overall diagnostic yield of 55.7%. Molecular findings are characterized in detail, including the impact of newly made diagnosis on clinical management. Several previously unreported genotype-phenotype correlations and 33 novel variants are described. Genetic and clinical data were shared through publicly available database. In conclusion, clinical exome sequencing allows identification of causative variants in a significant proportion of patients in investigated clinical subgroup. Compared to whole exome sequencing, it shows similar diagnostic and clinical utility with reduced costs, which could be of particular importance for institutions with limited resources.
The Role of Acculturation and Intimate Partner Violence on Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms Among Hispanic Youth With Child Welfare Contact
Authors: Ciro Dianne , Nwabuzor Ogbonnaya Ijeoma
Published: October 2019

Research suggests that Hispanic youth with intimate partner violence (IPV) exposure report fewer trauma symptoms compared with youth from other racial/ethnic groups. However, no study has examined possible explanations for this finding. Our objective was to study the association between acculturation, IPV, and post-traumatic stress (PTS) symptoms among Hispanic youth and to test whether acculturation moderates the relationship between IPV and PTS symptoms. This analysis used data from 271 Hispanic youth aged 8 years or older participating in the second cohort of the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-being (NSCAW II). We conducted multiple linear regression analyses to achieve our study aims. We did not find a statistically significant relationship between IPV exposure and PTS symptoms among Hispanic youth ( B = 0.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [−0.09, 0.52]), or that acculturation moderated this relationship ( B = 0.04, 95% CI = [−0.23, 0.32]). However, we found a significant relationship between PTS symptoms and acculturation level. Specifically, higher levels of acculturation were associated with more reports of PTS symptoms ( B = 1.03, 95% CI = [0.13, 1.93]). These study results highlight the need to consider the role of acculturation when working with Hispanic youth involved with child welfare.
The ‘New’ Migration for Work Phenomenon: The Pursuit of Emancipation and Recognition in the Context of Work
Authors: Groutsis Dimitria , Vassilopoulou Joana , Kyriakidou Olivia , Özbilgin Mustafa F
Published: October 2019

This article examines the ‘new’ migration for work phenomenon gripping Southern Europe since the Global Financial Crisis struck in 2008, by focusing on the case of skilled Greeks migrating to Germany for work purposes. In applying Honneth’s concept of emancipation to the domain of work, the article frames emancipation as a phenomenon which emerges from an individual’s search for meaningful work and as a form of resistance to deteriorating institutions and social injustice. Informed by this is an assessment of the new migration for work phenomenon from Greece to Germany by employing survey data on the perceptions of skilled emigrants. Following analysis of the findings, it is concluded that migration is a form of emancipation that allows individuals to regain recognition and self-respect while also to protest the erosion of social and human rights in their home country.
Experimental investigation into aircraft system manual assembly performance under varying structural component orientations
Authors: Judt David , Lawson Craig , Lockett Helen
Published: October 2019

Installation of aircraft wing systems is a bottleneck in the assembly process. This phase is typically composed of many work packages, taking hundreds of man-hours per wing. In addition to this volume of work, tasks are specialized and completed in a difficult environment in terms of access and visibility. In current industrial practice, the wing is mounted horizontally on a transport trolley, which exposes the workforce to prolonged periods of overhead working. Future wing designs may consider a pre-equipping build philosophy, where systems are installed to major structure assemblies before the wing box is assembled. This allows for a change in the orientation and position of the major structure and provides new freedoms in assembly station design and layout. This research presents results of experiments to investigate manual assembly performance of aircraft wing systems, under varying wing structure orientation. A mock-up of a section of an A320 aircraft wing front spar, mounted on a rotation device, functions as the testbed. Manual installation activities are then conducted to emulate real aircraft system equipping for electric harnesses, raceways and hot air ducts. The results show a best-case assembly performance change of 36% for electric system installation activities of cable harnesses and raceway housing components. Tilted and horizontal orientations of the structure show the highest time reductions, with the vertical orientation either non-conclusive or increasing the assembly time. The outcomes of this study are intended to aid in effective trade-off decision making for future wing systems and assembly station layouts from the perspective of structural orientation and assembly task interaction.
Simulating the effect of sodium channel blockage on cardiac electromechanics
Authors: Shalaby Noha , Zemzemi Nejib , Elkhodary Khalil
Published: October 2019

There is growing interest to better understand drug-induced cardiovascular complications and to predict undesirable side effects at as early a stage in the drug development process as possible. The purpose of this paper is to investigate computationally the influence of sodium ion channel blockage on cardiac electromechanics. To do so, we implement a myofiber orientation dependent passive stress model (Holzapfel-Ogden) in the multiphysics solver Chaste to simulate an imaged physiological model of the human ventricles. A dosage of a sodium channel blocker was then applied and its inhibitory effects on the electrical propagation across ventricles were modeled. We employ the Kerckhoffs active stress model to generate electrically excited contractile behavior of myofibers. Our predictions indicate that a delay in the electrical activation of ventricular tissue caused by the sodium channel blockage translates to a delay in the mechanical biomarkers that were investigated. Moreover, sodium channel blockage was found to increase left ventricular twist. A multiphysics computational framework from the cell level to the organ level was thus used to predict the effect of sodium channel blocking drugs on cardiac electromechanics.
Use Shapley value for increasing power distinguish of data envelopment analysis model: An application for estimating environmental efficiency of industrial producers in Iran
Authors: Omrani Hashem , Amini Mohaddeseh , Babaei Mahdieh , Shafaat Khatereh
Published: October 2019

Data envelopment analysis is a linear programming model for estimating the efficiency of decision making units (DMUs). Data envelopment analysis model has two major advantages: it does not need the explicit form of production function for estimating the efficiency scores of decision making units and also, it allows decision making units to choose the weights of inputs and outputs to reach the estimated efficient frontier. In several cases, the distinguish power of data envelopment analysis model is weak and it is unable to rank decision making units, entirely. The goal of this study is to provide a better methodology to fully rank all the decision making units. First, the efficiency scores of all decision making units are generated using the cross-efficiency data envelopment analysis model and then, the cooperative game theory approach is applied to produce a fully fair ranking of decision making units. The DEA-Game model calculates the Shapley value for each coalition of decision making units and the final ranking is relied on common weights. These fair common weights are found using the Shapley value to rank decision making units, completely. To illustrate the capability of the proposed model, the industrial producers in the provinces of Iran are evaluated. First, the suitable indicators are defined and then, the actual environmental data for year 2013 is gathered. Finally, the proposed model is applied to fully rank the industrial producers in provinces of Iran from environmental perspective. The results show that the DEA-Game model can rank provinces, entirely. Based on the results, the industrial producers in big provinces such as Tehran, Fars and Yazd have undesirable performance in environmental efficiency.
Assessing the environmental benefits of multi-purpose water uses of hydropower reservoirs on the Han River in South Korea
Authors: Kim Ga-Eun , Kim Ju-Hee , Yoo Seung-Hoon
Published: October 2019

The South Korean Government is trying to implement multi-purpose water uses of six hydropower reservoirs on the Han River to strengthen the linkage between water and energy. The expected environmental improvements are an improvement in flood control, an increase in the water supply for environmental improvement, an increase in the water supply for the instream flow requirement, and the abatement of air pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions. This article aims to value the four improvements by applying a choice experiment. For the purpose of reflecting the preference heterogeneity, by investigating the choice experiment data gathered from a survey of 1000 people, a Bayesian estimation of a mixed logit model is employed. The environmental benefits of a 1% improvement in flood control, a 1% increase in the water supply for environmental improvement, a 1% increase in the water supply for the instream flow requirement, and a 1% abatement of air pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions are estimated to be KRW 71 (USD 0.06), 51 (0.05), 28 (0.03), and 77 (0.07), respectively, per household per year. The expected improvements for the four attributes are 25.2%, 17.7%, 17.7%, and 1.0%, respectively. Thus, the expected environmental benefits are worth KRW 3265 (USD 2.96) per household per year and the national value amounts to KRW 63.74 billion (USD 57.77 million).
“Nowadays there is gender”: “Doing” global gender equality in rural Malawi
Authors: Adolfsson Johanna Sofia , Madsen Ole Jacob
Published: October 2019

This article analyzes the intersection of psychology with global development policy and practice, reviewing how gender as a concept is negotiated and understood amongst men and women in rural Malawi. We argue that gender, considered from a psychological perspective, has been narrowed down to meet the standards of global policy actors. By empowering individuals to “self-actualize,” policy implementers expect social and economic spin-off effects such as lower birth rates, higher education levels, and poverty reduction. The focus on individuals acts to obscure the broader structural power inequities, is especially prevalent in rural Malawi. To explain this, we use Haslam’s idea of “concept creep,” on how psychological concepts tend to affect other institutional traditions. The everyday understandings of gendered life described here show how gender is a fluid concept that shifts according to cultural, social, and ideological norms.
Discussion structures as tools for public deliberation
Authors: Popa Eugen Octav , Blok Vincent , Wesselink Renate
Published: October 2019

We propose the use of discussion structures as tools for analyzing policy debates in a way that enables the increased participation of lay stakeholders. Discussion structures are argumentation-theoretical tools that can be employed to tackle three barriers that separate lay stakeholders from policy debates: difficulty, magnitude, and complexity. We exemplify the use of these tools on a debate in research policy on the question of responsibility. By making use of discussion structures, we focus on the argumentative moves performed by the parties involved in this debate. We conclude by discussing advantages and limitations of discussion structures and we trace several opportunities for further research on these instruments.
“Space means Science, unless it’s about Star Wars”: A qualitative assessment of science communication audience segments
Authors: Koch Carmen , Saner Mirco , Schäfer Mike S , Herrmann-Giovanelli Iris , Metag Julia
Published: October 2019

Scholars of science communication have identified population segments that differ in their perceptions of and attitudes toward science as well as in their patterns of science-related information and media use. So far, however, most of these studies employed quantitative, standardized methods and their descriptions could not go into qualitative detail. This study fills this gap: It delivers an in-depth description of members of four audience segments that were identified in a prior, representative survey in Switzerland. Forty-one of these survey respondents, representing different segments, were asked to note their encounters with science in smartphone-based diaries, and diary entries were discussed in qualitative follow-up interviews. Results show that the segments differ in their criteria for identifying science, expectations toward science, and their reasons to use science communication.
Psychological Distress and Sleep Disturbance Among Female Nurses: Anxiety or Depression?
Authors: Chueh Ke-Hsin , Chen Kai-Ren , Lin Ya-Hui
Published: October 2019

Introduction: Sleep quality is an important issue in nurses’ mental and general health. Long-term psychological distress leads to increased sleep disturbances among nurses. However, which forms of psychological distress are most associated with sleep disturbances is unclear among female nurses. Methodology: To determine which psychological distress factors are associated with sleep disturbances among female nurses. A total of 119 female Taiwanese nurses were recruited and surveyed using the Occupational Stress Indicator–2, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory–II, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Results: Overall, 68.9% of the nurses were poor sleepers, and 20.2% and 11.7% of them had more than moderate levels of anxiety and depression, respectively. A logistic regression analysis showed that sleep disturbances were associated with higher levels of depression and poorer general health. Discussion: Compared with anxiety, depression more heavily influences sleep disturbances among female nurses. Depression prevention should thus be a focus of mental health promotion for female nurses.
Music Interventions in Percutaneous Coronary Procedures: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Su Shu-Fen , Yeh Wen-Ting
Published: October 2019

To clarify the effectiveness of music intervention for improving the well-being of patients undergoing coronary procedures for coronary heart disease, we conducted full-text searches of various databases (MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, ProQuest, and Airiti Library; 1966–2019) to identify randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies of music intervention in recipients of angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention. Outcome measures included anxiety, discomfort, pain, heart rate, and blood pressure. The Cochrane methodology, Jadad Quality Score, and ROBINS-I were employed to evaluate evidence from 10 studies. Music intervention reduced anxiety (effect size: Z = 2.15, p = .03; six studies) and discomfort of lying ( Z = 2.40, p = .02; two studies), but did not affect pain ( Z = 0.94; two studies), heart rate ( Z = 0.94; five studies), or blood pressure (systolic, Z = 1.27; diastolic, Z = 1.32; four studies) (all p > .05). The heterogeneity among studies was high. Large-scale, transcultural, high-quality trials are warranted to confirm the benefit of music intervention in patients undergoing coronary procedures.
A Designer on Designing: A Conversation with Johannes Torpe
Authors: Stierand Marc , Heelein Jérôme , Mainemelis Charalampos
Published: October 2019

Organizational research has explored how design thinking can fulfill the human needs of customers or users, but it has largely overlooked how it is shaped by the designer’s subjective experiences. In an attempt to stimulate greater scholarly interest in exploring the designer behind the process of design thinking, we integrate materials from three interviews conducted with the renowned designer Johannes Torpe. Throughout the interviews, Johannes stresses the interpersonal aspects of his work, especially how he interacts with customers and how he fosters (and also controls) the creativity of the other designers that he employs in his studio. As our conversation unfolds, Johannes responds to our questions as an evolving creative person, a celebrated designer, a manager of a creative collective of designers, a top designer employed by a large corporation, and a business owner of a celebrated Danish design studio.
Assessment of Adult ADHD in Clinical Practice: Four Letters—40 Opinions
Authors: Schneider Brooke C. , Schöttle Daniel , Hottenrott Birgit , Gallinat Jürgen , Moritz Steffen
Published: October 2019

Objective: Despite guidelines providing detailed recommendations for the assessment of ADHD in adults and increasing clinician awareness of the persistence of ADHD into adulthood, ADHD remains under diagnosed in many countries. Method: A survey of 178 clinicians who regularly perform assessments for adult ADHD was conducted between February 2015 and 2016 to identify possible causes of underdiagnosis related to assessment practices. Results: There was a lack of consensus among clinicians regarding which symptoms are relevant to adult ADHD. Only “difficulties concentrating” was endorsed as a core feature of adult ADHD by a majority of respondents. Few clinicians used (semi-)structured interviews. Psychologists were less likely than physicians to recommend medication. Conclusion: Further clinician training on core symptoms of adult ADHD and diagnostic practices congruent with guideline recommendations may improve symptom recognition among clinicians and diagnostic accuracy. Identification of barriers to the implementation of diagnostic practices recommended by guidelines is needed.
A Search to Capture and Report on Feasibility of Implementation
Authors: Hauk Shandy , Kaser Joyce
Published: October 2019

This brief report describes the conception, development, and use of a rubric in evaluating the feasibility of a new program. The evaluators searched for a meta-analytic tool to help organize ideas about what data to collect, and why, in order to create a detailed story of feasibility of implementation for the client. The main advantage of using the rubric-based tool is that it lays out key evaluative criteria that are defined as concretely as possible. The article gives a brief overview of the literature on the use of rubrics in evaluation, illustrates the use of a feasibility of implementation rubric as a tool for development, analysis, and reporting, and concludes with recommendations emergent from the use of the rubric.
Obesity Impairs Mobility and Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis
Authors: Bracke Alexander , Domanska Grazyna , Bracke Katharina , Harzsch Steffen , van den Brandt Jens , Bröker Barbara , von Bohlen und Halbach Oliver
Published: October 2019

Currently, it is controversially discussed whether a relationship between obesity and cognition exists. We here analyzed a mouse model of obesity (leptin-deficient mice) to study the effects of obesity on the morphology of the hippocampus (a brain structure involved in mechanisms related to learning and memory) and on behavior. Mice aged 4 to 6 months were analyzed. At this age, the obese mice have nearly double the body weight as controls, but display smaller brains (brain volume is about 10% smaller) as control animals of the same age. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis, a process that is linked to learning and memory, might be disturbed in the obese mice and contribute to the smaller brain volume. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis was examined using specific markers for cell proliferation (phosphohistone H3), neuronal differentiation (doublecortin), and apoptosis (caspase 3). The number of phosphohistone H3 and doublecortin-positive cells was markedly reduced in leptin-deficient mice, but not the number of apoptotic cells, indicating that adult hippocampal neurogenesis on the level of cell proliferation was affected. In addition, dendritic spine densities of pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal area CA1 were analyzed using Golgi impregnation. However, no significant change in dendritic spine densities was noted in the obese mice. Moreover, the performance of the mice was analyzed in the open field as well as in the Morris water maze. In the open field test, obese mice showed reduced locomotor activity, but in the Morris water maze they showed similar performance compared with control animals.
The returning of Hallyu in China: transnational reception of the Korean drama My Love from the Star
Authors: Shao Lingwei
Published: October 2019

My Love from the Star, the hit Korean drama has led to the revival of the Hallyu boom in China in 2013. After conducting a textual analysis of 100 reviews on Douban, the results of this study indicate that urban middle class audiences in China are attracted by the beauty of the actors and the conservative romantic storyline, and admire individual pursuits of free love and career success depicted in the drama. However, they are dissatisfied with the stereotypical gender relations and criticize the drama’s aim of securing the submission of women to male domination. The results illustrate that cultural proximity is not only related to the audiences’ cultural background, but also determined by the social class and lived experiences. As the major consumers of Hallyu 2.0 have switched to the open-minded young generation, the production of Korean dramas which maintains the traditional patriarchal ideologies is facing challenges ahead.
Securing the kids: Geofencing and child wearables
Authors: Gilmore James N
Published: October 2019

This article provides a critical analysis of the child wearable Jiobit, a locational tracking device that is designed to allow parents to monitor how children move through space. Emphasizing the device’s incorporation of geofencing features, which allow users to program ‘fences’ on a paired smartphone application and receive notifications when a Jiobit wearer enters and leaves the ‘fenced’ areas, I demonstrate how the operations of this device are part of a cultural politics that values the tracking of children through a variety of technological and infrastructural processes. Through an artifactual analysis of the device itself and its smartphone application, as well as an examination of the company’s promotional language, I demonstrate how the logic of ‘securitization’ is used to encourage parents to delegate some of the work of monitoring children to this device. This artifactual analysis is paired with a discursive analysis of the company’s policy documents, which readily acknowledge Jiobit’s inability to serve as a fully reliable security system, while also detailing the ways in which the extraction of data is stored indefinitely and, in some cases, disclosed to third parties. Through this case study of Jiobit, I argue for critical studies of wearable technologies to attend to the ways in which their producers promise ‘security’ and the ways in which ‘security’ acts as an alibi for continuous data collection.
Unfractionated heparin infusion for treatment of venous thromboembolism based on actual body weight without dose capping
Authors: Shlensky Julia A , Thurber Kristina M , O’Meara John G , Ou Narith N , Osborn Jennifer L , Dierkhising Ross A , Mara Kristin C , Bierle Dennis M , Daniels Paul R
Published: October 2019

Controversy exists regarding the use of dose capping of weight-based unfractionated heparin (UFH) infusions in obese and morbidly obese patients. The primary objective of this study was to compare time to first therapeutic activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) in hospitalized patients receiving UFH for acute venous thromboembolism (VTE) among three body mass index (BMI) cohorts: non-obese (< 30 kg/m2), obese (30–39.9 kg/m2), and morbidly obese (⩾ 40 kg/m2). In this single-center, retrospective cohort study, patients were included if they ⩾ 18 years of age, had a documented VTE, and were on an infusion of UFH for at least 24 hours. Weight-based UFH doses were calculated using actual body weight. A total of 423 patients met the inclusion criteria, with 230 (54.4%), 146 (34.5%), and 47 (11.1%) patients in the non-obese, obese, and morbidly obese cohorts, respectively. Median times to therapeutic aPTT were 16.4, 16.6, and 17.1 hours in each cohort. Within 24 hours, the cumulative incidence rates for therapeutic aPTT were 70.7% for the non-obese group, 69.9% for the obese group, and 61.7% for the morbidly obese group (obese vs non-obese: HR = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.82–1.26, p = 0.88; morbidly obese vs non-obese: HR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.62–1.21, p = 0.41). There was no significant difference in major bleeding events between BMI groups (obese vs non-obese, p = 0.91; morbidly obese vs non-obese, p = 0.98). Based on our study, heparin dosing based on actual body weight without a dose cap is safe and effective.
The production of subjectivity in neoliberal culture industries: the case of coworking spaces
Authors: Bandinelli Carolina
Published: October 2019

This article adds to contemporary studies of neoliberalism by offering an empirical investigation of the production of subjectivity in the context of coworking spaces’ sociality. Coworking spaces are exemplary milieux in which to explore the organisation and significance of work. Drawing on the life history of a creative worker and member of a leading coworking space, I unveil the ethical labour that is required to access coworking’s sociality. Using a Foucauldian framework, I conceptualise this process as a process of subjectivation and concentrate on its ambivalent character, signalling the inherent intertwinement of self-commodification and self-improvement. This article contributes to the scholarly debates on the organisation and significance of work in two key ways. First, it expands our understanding of how the production of subjectivity is experienced at the level of the self. Second, it argues that coworking spaces function as apparatuses for the production of subjectivities in neoliberal culture industries.
Exploring light-duty internal combustion engine boosting and exhaust compounding strategies
Authors: Andruskiewicz Peter , Durrett Russell , Gopalakrishnan Venkatesh , Narayanaswamy Kushal , Najt Paul
Published: October 2019

A set of two-cylinder engine concepts utilizing a supercharger and piston-compounding or turbine-compounding were compared to a supercharged, non-compounded engine modeled with a consistent methodology. The goals of this simulation were to utilize energy that otherwise would be bypassed around the turbine side of a turbocharger and redirect it to the crankshaft. Following previous modeling work on a different piston-compounded engine, the gains in performance and efficiency for these concepts were thoroughly analyzed to provide insight into the magnitudes and responsible mechanisms. It was found that the second expansion process from exhaust-compounding was able to significantly improve engine performance at moderate to high loads, but the level of benefits and low-load performance were highly dependent on the compounding technique.
Evaluating the Far-Infrared Radiation Bioeffects on Micro Vascular Dysfunction, Nervous System, and Plantar Pressure in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Cheng Yi-Ching , Lung Chi-Wen , Jan Yih-Kuen , Kuo Fang-Chuan , Lin Yung-Sheng , Lo Yu-Chou , Liau Ben-Yi
Published: October 2019

The most frequent clinical complication is diabetes. Diabetes is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels resulting in sensory nerve damage or lesions. Diabetic foot wounds are often slow to heal and require medical attention and monitoring. This study evaluates the effect of far-infrared radiation on the microcirculation and plantar pressure in the diabetic foot. Ten diabetics and 4 nondiabetics were recruited in this study. The diabetic group was examined before and after the intervention in each month for 3 consecutive months. Four nondiabetic groups were also measured before and after the intervention for 2 weeks in each month. The surface temperature and blood flow in the diabetic foot was significantly improved (temperature: 32.1 ± 2.3°C vs 33.5 ± 2.2°C, P < .05; blood flow image: 118.3 ± 58.1 PU [perfusion unit] vs 50.4 ± 4.3 PU, P < .05). The sympathetic nerve activity index LF also increased from 40.8 ± 18.6% to 61.8 ± 13.5% ( P = .07) in the second month. Plantar pressure tended to increase in the third month. This might indicate that far-infrared radiation could affect the mechanical properties of the plantar foot soft tissue. These results indicated that the effects of far-infrared radiation would improve blood circulation and change the soft tissue properties in the diabetic foot.