bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Calcium transport in male reproduction is possibly influenced by vitamin D and CaSR
Authors: Boisen Ida Marie , Nielsen John Erik , Verlinden Lieve , Lorenzen Mette , Holt Rune , Pinborg Anja , Andreassen Christine Hjorth , Juul Anders , Lanske Beate , Carmeliet Geert , Blomberg Jensen Martin
Published: October 2021

Vitamin D is important for gonadal function in rodents, and improvement of vitamin D status in men with low sperm counts increases live birth rate. Vitamin D is a regulator of transcellular calcium transport in the intestine and kidney and may influence the dramatic changes in the luminal calcium concentration in epididymis. Here, we show spatial expression in the male reproductive tract of vitamin D receptor (VDR)-regulated factors involved in calcium transport: transient receptor potential vanilloid 5/6 , sodium/calcium exchanger 1, plasma membrane calcium ATPase 1, calbindin D9k, calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), and parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) in mouse and human testis and epididymis. Testicular Casr expression was lower in Vdr ablated mice compared with controls. Moreover, expression levels of Casr and Pthrp were strongly correlated in both testis and epididymis and Pthrp was suppressed by 1,25(OH)2D3 in a spermatogonial cell line. The expression of CaSR in epididymis may be of greater importance than in the gonad in mice as germ cell-specific Casr deficient mice had no major reproductive phenotype, and coincubation with a CaSR-agonist had no effect on human sperm–oocyte binding. In humans, seminal calcium concentration between 5 and 10 mM was associated with a higher fraction of motile and morphologically normal sperm cells, and the seminal calcium concentration was not associated with serum calcium levels. In conclusion, VDR regulates CaSR and PTHrP, and both factors may be involved in the regulation of calcium transport in the male reproductive tract with possible implications for sperm function and storage.
Vascular reactivity contributes to adipose tissue remodeling in obesity
Authors: Lee Hye-Jin , Shi Haifei , Brönneke Hella S , Jin Bo-Yeong , Choi Sang-Hyun , Seeley Randy J , Kim Dong-Hoon
Published: October 2021

Vascular reactivity of adipose tissue (AT) is hypothesized to play an important role in the development of obesity. However, the exact role of vascular reactivity in the development of obesity remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the chronological changes in vascular reactivity and the microenvironments of the visceral AT (VAT) and subcutaneous AT (SAT) in lean and obese mice. Changes in blood flow levels induced by a β-adrenoceptor agonist (isoproterenol) were significantly lower in the VAT of the mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 1 and 12 weeks than those in the VAT of the mice fed a low-fat diet (LFD) for the same period; no significant change was observed in the SAT of any mouse group, suggesting depot-specific vascular reactivity of AT. Moreover, the hypoxic area and the expression of genes associated with angiogenesis and macrophage recruitment were increased in the VAT (but not in the SAT) of mice fed an HFD for 1 week compared with mice fed an LFD. These changes occurred with no morphological changes, including those related to adipocyte size, AT vessel density, and the diameter and pericyte coverage of the endothelium, suggesting a determinant role of vascular reactivity in the type of AT remodeling. The suppression of vascular reactivity was accompanied by increased endothelin1 (Edn1) gene expression and extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness only in the VAT, implying enhanced contractile activities of the vasculature and ECM. The results suggest a depot-specific role of vascular reactivity in AT remodeling during the development of obesity.
Novel Device for Endoluminal Esophageal Atresia Repair: First-in-Human Experience
Authors: Muensterer Oliver J. , Evans Lauren L. , Sterlin Alexander , Sahlabadi Mohammad , Aribindi Vamsi , Lindner Andreas , König Tatjana , Harrison Michael R.
Published: October 2021

Thoracoscopic esophageal atresia (EA) repair affords many benefits to the patient; however, intracorporeal suturing of the anastomosis is technically challenging. Esophageal magnetic compression anastomosis (EMCA) is a compelling option for endoluminal EA repair, but available EMCA devices have prohibitive rates of recalcitrant stricture. Connect-EA is a new endoluminal EMCA device system that employs 2 magnetic anchors with a unique mating geometry designed to reliably create a robust anastomosis and decrease rates of leak and stricture. We describe our first-in-human experience with this novel endoluminal device for staged EA repair in 3 patients (Gross type A, B, and C) at high risk for conventional surgical repair. First, the esophageal pouches were approximated thoracoscopically. After acute tension subsided, the device anchors were endoscopically placed in the esophageal pouches and mated. Anchors were spontaneously excreted in 2 cases. Endoscopic repositioning and retrieval of the anchors were required in 1 patient because of narrowed esophageal anatomy. There were no perioperative complications. Patients were managed for 14 to 18 months. The strictures that developed in the patients were membranous and responded well to dilation alone, resolving after 4 to 5 outpatient dilations. Gastrostomies were closed between 6 and 11 months and all patients are tolerating full oral nutrition. Early experience with this new endoluminal EMCA device system is highly favorable. The device offers considerable benefit over conventional handsewn esophageal anastomosis and anastomotic outcomes are superior to available EMCA devices.
DEVICES IMPACT ON THE CHILDERN: A SWOT ANALYSIS
Authors: Sardiana Anna
Published: October 2021

The digital revolution has changed the culture of communication and people's behavior to move to media quickly and easily through the use of devices. This has an impact on school children as part of the community of mobile device users. This study wants to look at the impact of the use of devices on school children. The data in this study were obtained from various literatures which were processed and analyzed using SWOT analysis (strength, weakness, opportunity, threat). The results of the SWOT analysis in this study found that the use of devices in school children has positive and negative impacts and has opportunities and threats to watch out for. Keywords: devices, smartphone, gadget, SWOT analysis, digital native.
Finite time Synchronization of Inertial Memristive Neural Networks with Time Varying Delay
Authors: Pang Yajing , Dong Shengmei
Published: October 2021

Finite time synchronization control of inertial memristor-based neural networks with varying delay is considered. In view of drive and response concept, the sufficient conditions to ensure finite time synchronization issue of inertial memristive neural networks is given. Based on Lyapunov finite time asymptotic theory, a kind of feedback controllers is designed for inertial memristorbased neural networks to realize the finite time synchronization. Based on Lyapunov stability theory, close loop error system can be proved finite time and fixed time stable. Finally, illustrative example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of theoretical results.
A Semi Smart Adaptive Approach for Trash Classification
Authors: Alzyoud Faisal , Maqableh Waleed , Al Shrouf Faiz
Published: October 2021

Waste management and recycling play a crucial factor in world economy sustainability as they prevent the squander of useful materials which can lead in garbage landfill reduction and cost reduction respectively. Garbage sorting into different categories plays an important role in recycling and waste management; but unfortunately, most garbage sorting still depends on labor which has a reverse impact on mankind and world economy, so there are different approaches to replace human separation by intelligent machines. In this article, we propose a comprehensive approach, Semi Smart Trash Separator to classify garbage and trash using the following technique: precycling by assigning a barcode or QR code to each material, which will enable the separation process as per assigned code; Magnetic separator helps in collecting conductive metal, then the non-conductive materials are classified according to their hardness. This test is a unique idea used in trash classification. Finally, if there is ambiguity in waste material classification barcode or material properties, the classification will be done using neural network techniques depending on the shapes of trash. Mat lab software is modified to handle convolutional neural networks in the image recognition (AlexNet and GoogLeNet) to be used in the trash classification processes and to test their accuracy. The tests are performed using a trustable data set. The material recognition accuracy rate from the obtained results on AlexNet and GoogLeNet are 75% and 83% respectively.
Novel Machine learning approach for Self-Aware prediction based on the Contextual reasoning
Authors: Daranda Andrius , Dzemyda Gintautas
Published: October 2021

Machine learning is compelling in solving various applied problems. Nevertheless, machine learning methods lack the contextual reasoning capabilities and cannot be fitted to utilize additional information about circumstances, environments, backgrounds, etc. Such information provides essential knowledge about possible reasons for particular actions. This knowledge could not be processed directly by either machine learning methods. This paper presents the context-aware machine learning approach for actor behavior contextual reasoning analysis and context-based prediction for threat assessment. Moreover, the proposed approach uses context-aware prediction to tackle the interaction between actors. An idea of the technique lies in the cooperative use of two classification methods when one way predicts an actor’s behavior. The second method discloses such predicted action (behavior) that is non-typical or unusual. Such integration of two-method allows the actor to make the self-awareness threat assessment based on relations between different actors where some multidimensional numerical data define the connections. This approach predicts the possible further situation and makes its threat assessment without any waiting for future actions. The suggested approach is based on the Decision Tree and Support Vector Method algorithm. Due to the complexity of context, marine traffic data was chosen to demonstrate the proposed approach capability. This technique could deal with the end-to-end approach for safe vessel navigation in maritime traffic with considerable ship congestion.
Development of a Hybrid Algorithm for efficient Task Scheduling in Cloud Computing environment using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Uddin Mohammed Yousuf , Abdeljaber Hikmat Awad , Ahanger Tariq Ahamed
Published: October 2021

Cloud computing is developing as a platform for next generation systems where users can pay as they use facilities of cloud computing like any other utilities. Cloud environment involves a set of virtual machines, which share the same computation facility and storage. Due to rapid rise in demand for cloud computing services several algorithms are being developed and experimented by the researchers in order to enhance the task scheduling process of the machines thereby offering optimal solution to the users by which the users can process the maximum number of tasks through minimal utilization of the resources. Task scheduling denotes a set of policies to regulate the task processed by a system. Virtual machine scheduling is essential for effective operations in distributed environment. The aim of this paper is to achieve efficient task scheduling of virtual machines, this study proposes a hybrid algorithm through integrating two prominent heuristic algorithms namely the BAT Algorithm and the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm in order to optimize the virtual machine scheduling process. The performance evaluation of the three algorithms (BAT, ACO and Hybrid) reveal that the hybrid algorithm performs better when compared with that of the other two algorithms.
Multi Objective PSO with Passive Congregation for Load Balancing Problem
Authors: Marufuzzaman Mohammad , Timu Muneed Anjum , Sarkar Jubayer , Islam Aminul , Rahman Labonnah Farzana , Sidek Lariyah Mohd
Published: October 2021

High-level architecture (HLA) and Distributed Interactive Simulation (DIS) are commonly used for the distributed system. However, HLA suffers from a resource allocation problem and to solve this issue, optimization of load balancing is required. Efficient load balancing can minimize the simulation time of HLA and this optimization can be done using the multi-objective evolutionary algorithms (MOEA). Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) based on crowding distance (CD) is a popular MOEA method used to balance HLA load. In this research, the efficiency of MOPSO-CD is further improved by introducing the passive congregation (PC) method. Several simulation tests are done on this improved MOPSO-CD-PC method and the results showed that in terms of Coverage, Spacing, Non-dominated solutions and Inverted generational distance metrics, the MOPSO-CD-PC performed better than the previous MOPSO-CD algorithm. Hence, it can be a useful tool to optimize the load balancing problem in HLA.
HABCSm: A Hamming Based t-way Strategy based on Hybrid Artificial Bee Colony for Variable Strength Test Sets Generation
Authors: Alazzawi Ammar Kareem , Rais Helmi Md , Basri Shuib , Alsariera Yazan A. , Capretz Luiz Fernando , Imam Abdullahi Abubakar , Balogun Abdullateef Oluwagbemiga
Published: October 2021

Search-based software engineering that involves the deployment of meta-heuristics in applicable software processes has been gaining wide attention. Recently, researchers have been advocating the adoption of meta-heuristic algorithms for t-way testing strategies (where t points the interaction strength among parameters). Although helpful, no single meta-heuristic based t-way strategy can claim dominance over its counterparts. For this reason, the hybridization of meta-heuristic algorithms can help to ascertain the search capabilities of each by compensating for the limitations of one algorithm with the strength of others. Consequently, a new meta-heuristic based t-way strategy called Hybrid Artificial Bee Colony (HABCSm) strategy, based on merging the advantages of the Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) algorithm with the advantages of a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is proposed in this paper. HABCSm is the first t-way strategy to adopt Hybrid Artificial Bee Colony (HABC) algorithm with Hamming distance as its core method for generating a final test set and the first to adopt the Hamming distance as the final selection criterion for enhancing the exploration of new solutions. The experimental results demonstrate that HABCSm provides superior competitive performance over its counterparts. Therefore, this finding contributes to the field of software testing by minimizing the number of test cases required for test execution.
Prevalence of cestodes infection among school children of urban parts of Lower Dir district, Pakistan
Authors: Rahman H. Ur , Khan W. , Mehmood S. A. , Ahmed S. , Yasmin S. , Ahmad W. , Haq Z. Ul , Shah M. I. A. , Khan R. , Ahmad U. , Khan A. A. , De los Ríos Escalante P.
Published: October 2021

Abstract Tapeworms of zoonotic importance have been described as a leading public health problem. Current research was aim to assess the prevalence of tapeworms among 5-12years school children residing in district Lower Dir, Pakistan from January 2019-December 2019. The wet mount preparation in saline/iodine/methods were used for stool examination. Data was analyzed using appropriate descriptive, static methods. Of the 400 children studied 71.7% were infected with one or more species of intestinal parasites. Single infection of cestode species was found in 69 individuals with 17.2% prevalence and multiple parasitic infections were identified in 19.7% (n=79/400) individuals. The multiple infection were comprised as 10% (n=40) double, 6.75% (n=27) triple and 3% (n=12) quadruple. A total of 9 species of helminths and one species of protozoan infection. Among the helminths Ascaris lumbricoides was the most prevalent 33.1% (n=95), Taenia saginata 22.6% (n=65), hookworm 19.8% (n=57), Hymenolepis nana 18.8% (n=54), Enterobius vermicularis and Hymenolepis diminuta 1.39% (n=4each), Trichuris trichura 1.04% (n=3), Toxocara spp 0.69% (n=2) and Schistosoma japonicum 0.34% (n=1) were reported. One protozoan species was Cryptosporidium spp 0.69% (n=2) in current study. In case of A.lumbricoides, hookworm, E.vermicularis, T.trichura, T.saginata, H.nana and H.diminuta the male children of below 8 years of age were highly infected. Other infections are reported in the same prevalence with slight difference if any. We conclude that there is a need for mass scale campaigns to create awareness regarding health and hygiene in children and the need for development of effective poverty control programs because deworming alone is not adequate to control parasitic infections.
Prevalence of intestinal parasitic diseases in school children of rural areas of district Lower Dir, Pakistan
Authors: Ulhaq Z. , Khan W. , Khan M. F. , Kabir M. , Ujjan A. A. , Ullah W. , Masood Z. , Khan S. , De los Ríos Escalante P.
Published: October 2021

Abstract Present study was conducted among school children to recognize the prevalence of IPIs in rural communities of district Dir Lower, Pakistan. A sum of 324 samples of stool were collected (210 boys and 114 girls). Used direct smear method and formol ether sedimentation concentration technique for processing the samples. The result shows that 82% (n=266) were found infected comprised 64.8% male and 35.1% females. Children of the age group 10 to 12 years were found extremely infected 94.2% while 4-6 year age group were having minimum ratio of infection 72%. Current study shows mono parasitism in 50.6% of the students while 22.2% were infected with 2 species and 7.40% were infected with three species of parasites. Seven species of intestinal parasites were reported include Ascaris lumbricoid in male (n=122) 58.0% and in female (n=65) 57.0% followed by Hook worm (n=88) 41.9% and (n=44) 38.5%; Tania saginata (n=44) 20.9% and (n=24) 21.0%; Entrobius vermicularis (n=32) 15.2% and (n=16) 14.0%; Trichuris trichura (n=25) 11.9% and (n=22) 19.2%; Hymenolepis nana (n=24) 11.4% and (n=18) 15.7% and Entameoba histolytica (n=16) 7.61% and (n=14) 12.2% in male and females respectively. The study indicates that most occurring intestinal parasite in the current study were Ascaris lumbricoides 58.0% (n=122) followed by hookworms 41.9% (n=88). Male students were more infected than females in the present study.
Rememoração e retrotopia: Folha de S. Paulo e O Globo na cobertura dos 55 anos do golpe de 1964
Authors: Sanglard Fernanda Nalon , Cruz Lucia Santa , Gagliardi Juliana
Published: October 2021

Resumo Este artigo analisa como dois dos principais veículos da grande imprensa brasileira, O Globo e Folha de S. Paulo , abordaram o aniversário de 55 anos do golpe civil-militar de 1964. Parte-se de referencial teórico sobre memória e nostalgia e da análise de conteúdo aplicada às narrativas jornalísticas publicadas entre 26 de março e 2 de abril de 2019 para responder às seguintes questões: Houve nostalgia nas narrativas de atores políticos em relação à ditadura? Como as narrativas jornalísticas abordaram esse sentimento e se posicionaram sobre isso? Os resultados indicam a existência de memórias em disputa referentes à ditadura, o que se evidencia na fala de diversos atores. Muito embora os veículos não se alinhem com o sentimento nostálgico, a retrotopia foi identificada em 45% das declarações das fontes e o presidente Jair Bolsonaro foi o principal personagem dos textos jornalísticos.
Incongruências classificatórias: uma análise dos discursos sobre as propostas da CID11 em relação às experiências trans*
Authors: Cano-Prais Hugo Alejandro , Costa-Val Alexandre , Souza Érica Renata de
Published: October 2021

Resumo Investigamos, neste artigo, os discursos relacionados à classificação das experiências trans presentes em um sítio criado pela Organização Mundial de Saúde na ocasião da construção da 11ª Classificação Estatística Internacional de Doenças e Problemas Relacionados com a Saúde (CID11). Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo em que analisamos as falas de 16 participantes, estabelecendo quatro eixos de discussão, que, finalmente, se convergem em torno da concepção da “Incongruência de Gênero” como uma “perturbação físico-moral”. Nesse percurso, o ato social de classificar assim como as possibilidades de cuidado das pessoas trans fora do marco patológico são problematizados.
Fungi and mycotoxins in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) and its products
Authors: Ono Laís Tiemi , Taniwaki Marta H.
Published: October 2021

Abstract Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a highly consumed food in the world, especially in developing countries. Much of this tuber production comes from small farmers and it can suffer microbial infection during pre-harvest in the field and/or postharvest if stored under inadequate conditions. This review presented cassava production and the processing steps, resulting in products consumed in Brazil and other countries. Studies on fungal occurrence, including toxigenic fungi, presence of aflatoxins and other mycotoxins in cassava and its products carried out in several countries have been revised as well as the used methodologies for mycotoxin detection.
Review of Recent Progress in Green Ammonia Synthesis
Authors: Smart Katie
Published: October 2021

Most of the global production of ammonia requires fossil fuels and is associated with considerable greenhouse gas emissions. Replacing fossil fuel ammonia with green or zero-carbon ammonia is a major focus for academia, industry and governments. Ammonia is a key component in fertiliser but is also attracting increasing interest as a carbon-free fuel for the maritime sector and as a hydrogen vector. This review describes the use of green (electrolysed) hydrogen in conventional Haber-Bosch plants and predicts adoption of the technology by 2030. Further into the future, direct green ammonia synthesis by electrocatalytic and photocatalytic means may present a cost-effective alternative to the Haber-Bosch process. Electrocatalytic and photocatalytic routes to ammonia are reviewed, the catalytic systems are compared and their potential for meeting the likely demand and cost for ammonia considered.
New Technique for the Treatment of Anterior Hypospadias Doubles-Y Glanuloplasty prospective Evaluation and A Systematic Review
Authors: M Lahfaoui , H Benhaddou
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Hypospadias is the ectopic closure of the urethral meatus at the ventral surface of the penis. The diversity of techniques proposed to treat hypospadias has caused a great debate among urologists about the effectiveness of these techniques. The objective of our study is to develop the double Y glanduloplasty technique, expose and compare the results of this technique to improve the management of anterior hypospadias.
Ovarian follicular dynamics and uterine changes during the ovulatory wave predicts imminent ovulation in Mares
Authors: Ararsa Duguma , Alemayehu Lemma
Published: October 2021

Equine reproduction is unique by having long behavioral estrus and variations in ovarial follicular dynamics that made difficulty to standardize breeding time in mares. There are limited data on equine reproduction and breeding in Ethiopia. An experimental study was conducted at Balderas sport horses and recreational center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia to determine ovarian follicular dynamics in local and exotic cross breed mares. A daily transrectal ultrasonography was carried out to evaluate uterine changes and ovarian structures for 2 consecutive estrus cycles, as well as teasing scores estimated during estrus. The mean (±SEM) of cross sectional uterine diameter were 44.4±0.5mm and 45±0.5mm for local and cross breed mares respectively; whereas scores of endometrial fold was 3.1±0.1 in local and 2.8±0.1 in cross breed mares with significant difference at P < 0.05. The mean (±SEM) diameter of preovulatory follicle for local and cross breed mares were 49.1±1.0mm and 50.1±0.8mm, respectively.Length of estrus was 7.0±0.9 days for local and 6.1±0.6 days for cross breed mares. Fast growth of dominant follicles in cross breed shorten interovulatory interval than local breed mares.A positive correlation of teasing scores, uterine diameter and endometrial fold with diameter of preovulatory follicles (r=0.5) in the present study has been used to estimate imminent ovulation.Ovulation occurred within 6-7days of mean scores of 2.8-3.1endometrial fold, 44.4-45mm of uterine diameter and 2-4 teasing scores for both mares.In conclusion, imminent ovulation can be predicted by measuring uterine diameter, scoring endometrial fold and considering teasing scores in relation to diameter of preovulatory follicles when breeding mares.
Sanger sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein v1
Authors: S. Salles* Tiago , Cony Cavalcanti* Andrea , Burack da Costa Fabio , Campos Azevedo Renata
Published: October 2021

The SARS-CoV-2 responsible for the ongoing COVID pandemic reveals particular evolutionary dynamics and an extensive polymorphism, mainly in Spike protein. Monitoring the S protein mutations is crucial for successful controlling measures and detect variants that can evade vaccine immunity. Even after the costs reduction imposed by the pandemic, the new generation sequencing methodologies remain unavailable to many scientific groups. Therefore, to support the urgent surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 S protein, this work describes a protocol for complete nucleotide sequencing of the S protein using the Sanger technique. Thus, any laboratory with experience in sequencing can adopt this protocol.
Finite-Time Control of Wing-Rock Motion for Delta Wing Aircraft Based on Whale-Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Al-Qassar Arif A. , Al-Obaidi Abdulkareem Sh. Mahdi , Hasan Alaq F. , Humaidi Amjad J. , Nasser Ahmed R. , Alkhayyat Ahmed , Ibraheem Ibraheem Kasim
Published: October 2021

The rise of wing-rock motion in delta-wing aircraft has an adverse effect on the manoeuvrability of aircraft and it may result in its crash. This study presents a finite-time control design to tackle the dynamic motion due to the Wing-Rock effect in delta-wing aircraft. The control design is developed based on the methodology of Super Twisting Sliding Mode Control (STSMC). The Lyapunov stability analysis has been pursued to ensure asymptotic convergence of errors and to determine the finite time. The design of STSMC leads to the appearance of design parameters, which have a direct impact on the dynamic performance of the controlled system. To avoid the conventional tuning of these parameters and to have an optimal performance of the proposed controller, a modern optimization technique has been proposed based on Wale Optimization Algorithm. A comparison study between optimal and non-optimal finite-time super twisting sliding mode controllers has been established and their effectiveness has been verified via numerical simulation using MATLAB programming format.
The Concise Latest Report on the Advantages and Disadvantages of Pure Biodiesel (B100) on Engine Performance: Literature Review and Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Setiyo Muji , Yuvenda Dori , Samuel Olusegun David
Published: October 2021

Currently, many countries are promoting B100 as the main fuel for diesel engines towards the transition to 100% renewable energy applications. However, due to its properties, B100 has both advantages and disadvantages to replace diesel oil. Therefore, a bibliometric analysis was carried out to evaluate the performance and emissions of a diesel engine with the B100 being tested on a multi-cylinder diesel engine for cars. Unfortunately, only 12 of the 127 selected articles are eligible to be reviewed in detail and none of them discusses all the key performance of diesel engines which include Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE), Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC), Cylinder Pressure (CPs), Heat Release Rate (HRR), NOx, and smoke. Through data synthesis, we found that the use of B100 provides advantages in engine noise, thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumption, and emissions under certain engine loads. On the other hand, it also has the potential to result in poorer performance, if there is no modification to engine components and the addition of additives. As a recommendation, the results of this analysis provide a guide for further research to examine the use of B100 with all diesel engine performance variables. Research paths can be developed with the wider potential to provide new arguments on various diesel engine technologies, engine capacities, B100 raw materials, and test environments.
Numerical Study and Theoretical Comparison of Outlet Hole Geometry for a Gravitational Vortex Turbine
Authors: Sánchez Alejandro Ruiz , Rio Jorge Andrés Sierra Del , Pujol Toni
Published: October 2021

The gravitational water vortex turbine is an alternative to renewable energies, it transforms the hydrokinetic energy of the rivers into electric energy and it does not require a reservoir. According to studies carried out, the hydraulic efficiency can increase or decrease according to the turbine geometrical configuration. This paper presents a numerical (CFD) and analytical comparison between conical and cylindrical designs for the outlet. The results show a higher performance for conical geometry than the cylindrical tank. The fluid behavior in CFD and analytical studies presents a tangential velocity increase near to air core and outlet hole (similar behavior). The maximum theoretical power generated was 167 W and 150 W for conical and cylindrical design respectively. The differences between geometries of the outlet holes using CFD and analytical models were 11 and 7%, respectively. However, the closest results to the CFD model had different values of 31 and 29% for conical and cylindrical design, respectively. The furthest result regarding the CFD study was 55%. The principal difference is due to tank geometry, the change in discharge zone, as well as the ratio of diameter tank and outlet hole can increase or decrease the tangential velocity and make a stronger and more stable vortex formation. The theoretical power generated is a good parameter to select the height to place the rotor.
Stainless Steel Cyclic Voltammograms in Dioscorea Opposita Flour Media
Authors: Louise Isana Supiah Yosephine , Marwati Siti , Sulistyani S. , Al Heru Pratomo , Setiawan Felix Arie
Published: October 2021

Improving the efficiency of hydrogen gas production in the water electrolysis process draws great attention from many scholars. To improve the efficiency of the process and reduction in the cost, stainless steel has been widely implemented in the industrial water electrolysis process. Electrolyte modification is also one of the methods to improve the water electrolysis process. The study used Dioscorea opposita tuber flour as a media addition in an alkaline solution. The efficiency of water electrolysis was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry. The result showed that the activity of the electrode and energy consumption were increased with values of 29 and 23%, respectively, by adding 3 g of the media. However, no media addition showed the lowest energy consumption regarding overpotential value. In general, the Dioscorea opposita tuber flour tends to cover the electrode and reduce the activity. Moreover, the utilization of wastewater from Dioscorea opposita flour industry is still beneficial to produce hydrogen gas instead of using freshwater.
Chatbot-Based Application Development and Implementation as an Autonomous Language Learning Medium
Authors: Haristiani Nuria , Rifai Mumu Muhammad
Published: October 2021

Autonomous learning has an important role in online learning because teachers cannot directly supervise the student learning process, which makes students themselves responsible for their learning. As an attempt to provide teachers with an alternative autonomous learning medium, this study aimed to use a chatbot-based Japanese grammar learning application namely Gengobot as an autonomous Japanese learning medium. This study applied Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation (ADDIE) instructional design model. The data of this research was collected using a pre-experimental method and distributed a Likert scale questionnaire to 50 Japanese language learners with Japanese language levels equivalent to or less than JLPT level N3. The results showed that Gengobot as a chatbot-based Japanese grammar learning medium is an interesting and innovative medium to support Japanese autonomous learning because learners can decide how they learn using this application to improve their Japanese grammar skills. In addition, Gengobot is a chatbot-based learning medium that is more interactive than other Mobile-based media, which makes learners more interested in using Gengobot as a Japanese grammar learning medium. However, Gengobot still needs further development such as adding advanced grammar content (N2 and N1), adding Japanese pronunciation features (audio), etc.
NON-VERBAL MEANING OF KERAWANG GAYO BAJU REJE: MULTIMODAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Kemas Wulandari Putri , Sinar T Silvana , Zein T Thyrhaya
Published: October 2021

This paper discusses the multimodal analysis of non-verbal meanings in the Kerawang Gayo Reje shirt. It is an ornamental motive made by embroidering cloth. Gayo filigree is the identity of the Gayo. Reje clothes are unique clothes for Reje (king/highest leader) in the village of the Gayonese, and they use several Gayo motives, such as Mata Ni Lao (Matahari), a mandatory motive for a Reje. Each motive contains the meaning of the life of the Gayo tribe. Nowadays, use mandatory clothes on Reje is rarely used. This study aimed to determine the non-verbal meaning of the Kerawang Gayo Reje motives through multimodal analysis. The ethnography method was applied in this study. The data were the Kerawang Gayo Reje shirt's visual art content, the interview result, and observation. The informants were craftsman/tailor; and the Majelis Adat Gayo leaders (Gayo traditional centre) in Central Aceh. The data were analyzed by explaining the meaning lies in the means of communication and each meaning centrally, and dominantly of Kerawang Gayo Reje shirt  The result of the study showed that there are four types of motives on Reje's clothes, Mata Ni Lao, Tali Puter Tige, Tekukur, and Tapak Sleman. On the Reje shirt, there is only one colour used, which is yellow. The meaning is justice and prosperity for the Gayo tribe community. It is hoped that a Reje will be fair to the people and provide prosperity for the Gayo tribe community.
LEVELS OF CULTURE SHOCK IN STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITY
Authors: Aryani Neng Desi , Komar Oong , Abdulhak Ishak , Hatimah Ihat , Nuraini Cut
Published: October 2021

Culture shock is very much related to the situation where someone living in a new environment experiences worries and uncertainties of excessive feelings and thoughts. In University of Singaperbangsa Karawang (UNSIKA), the presence of culture shock is very apparent among students. This condition is not only motivated by the status of UNSIKA as a State University in Karawang area, but also because the position of Karawang City located on the border of the Capital City, in which it is the center of Metropolitan life. Thus, this situation may affect the social conditions of the community which is later formed a culture shock. There are a big number of students who come to study at UNSIKA from various regions, including outside Java Island. This condition makes culture shock experienced by students at UNSIKA at varying stages.
STUDENTS’ LEARNING CREATIVITY PROFILE REVIEWED FROM SCHOOL ACCREDITATION STATUS
Authors: Maryani Ineu
Published: October 2021

This article aims to describe the students' learning creativity profile reviewed from school's accreditation status. The method in this study was a survey method by distributing a questionnaire of students’ learning creativity through google form. Participants in the study were grade VIII students in public schools with National Standard School accredited status, schools with A accredited State Junior High School (JHS), and B accredited State Junior High School (JHS). Based on the results of data processing, there was a significant average difference in learning creativity on indicators the ability to deal with learning problems between public schools with National Standard School accredited status and schools with A accredited State JHS. The average ability to deal with learning problems is also significantly different between schools with A accredited State JHS, and B accredited State JHS. A significant difference in average is also shown in the indicators of interest in learning creations and indicators of the ability to develop in learning between public schools with National Standard School accredited status and schools with A accredited State JHS. The results of this study can be used as empirical data for research on guidance and counseling programs to develop students' creativity in schools.Keywords: Profile, learning creativity,  student
Sport Motivation of Paralympic Athletes after Injury
Authors: Deasyanti D , Juriana J , Prasetyo Sambadha Adhi
Published: October 2021

Motivation for performing sport is complex because most athletes have multiple motivations, including extrinsic and intrinsic motivation. Understanding the motivation dynamics of athletes, especially after a sports injury, is crucial because the injury may have a detrimental effect on the athlete's psychosocial conditions. This study figured out the motivation level of Paralympic athletics athletes after injury. A total of 44 Paralympic athletes were involved in the survey. The Sports Motivation Scale (SMS) was used to identify the level of athlete motivation. The SMS was developed within the Self Determination Theory (SDT) framework to assess various forms of motivation, namely amotivation, external regulation, introjected regulation, identified regulation, integrated regulation, and intrinsic motivation. This study found that out of 44 Paralympic athletics athletes after an injury, 5 (4.55%) of the athletes reported high levels of amotivation, and 15 (34.09%) of the athletes were identified in the moderate level of amotivation. This finding indicates that injury does not impact amotivation, as the athletes exhibit a high level of extrinsic motivation (external regulation, introjected regulation, identified regulation, integrated regulation) and intrinsic motivation. Based on these motivation profiles, the Paralympic coaches should adjust their approach in motivating the Paralympic athletes to return to their training and competitions after injury.
Effects of Progressive Muscle Relaxation on Concentration and Performance Scores of 10m Shooters
Authors: Novan Novrizal Achmad , Irianto Nandya Indriana Adha , Komarudin Komarudin , Awwaludin Patriana Nurmansyah
Published: October 2021

Shooting skills are complex. Athletes often have to face a situation requiring one shot to get a perfect score and maintain concentration and the trigger pull. This study aimed to analyze the difference in progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) exercise on increasing concentration and performance scores of 10-meter shooting. A total of 12 athletes (seven female dan five males) in Purwakarta were recruited for this study. They were randomly assigned to the PMR group (n = 6) and the control group (n = 6). The instruments used were the Concentration Grid Test for measuring concentration and the scores of 60 shots of the 10-meter shooting of both men and women for a performance test. Data analysis using MANCOVA was performed using shooting and concentration scores as the dependent variables and covariates to determine their performance. They can be differentiated based on conventional training methods, progressive muscle relaxation, and the interaction of these factors. The results of the MANCOVA indicated a significant main effect for exercise methods. It was revealed that differences in exercise methods had a significant effect on concentration and shooting scores. When athletes face the demands of top performance, PMR training is an economical but efficient and effective strategy for dealing with the problems. It helps athletes to do the self-control and focus their attention during stressful situations. It also can be used to maintain physical, technical, and mental balances.
Differences between STAD Learning Model and Direct Instruction Learning Model on Pencak Silat Learning Outcomes of Secondary School Students
Authors: Ginanjar Agi , Ramadhan Riki , Adib Widan , Effendy Fauzan
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to determine the effect differences of the Student Teams-Achievement Divisions (STAD) learning model and the Direct Instruction (DI) learning model on Pencak Silat learning outcomes. The research method used was an experimental quantitative approach with an intact-group comparison design. Participants from the population included 44 students (23 boys and 21 girls) aged 14-15 years selected using systematic sampling. Data collection techniques used observation and document analysis. The data analysis technique employed the independent samples t-test. The study results concluded that there were differences in the effects of the DI learning model and the STAD learning model on Pencak Silat learning outcomes. Furthermore, the result showed that the STAD learning model was better than the DI learning model. Thus, the STAD learning model can be used to improve Pencak Silat's learning outcomes for Secondary School Students students.
Does Physical Fitness Correlate with IQ? A Study among Football Student Athletes
Authors: Nurcahyo Panuwun Joko , Kusnandar Kusnandar , Budi Didik Rilastiyo , Listiandi Arfin Deri , Kurniawati Henie , Widyaningsih Rindha
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to determine the relationship between the level of physical fitness with intellectual intelligence (IQ) in soccer athletes. The research method uses the correlational method. The sample in this study were 13 male soccer athletes who were members of the Soccer Club at the college level. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The research instrument used to measure students' physical fitness was the Multilevel Fitness Test (MFT). Meanwhile, the measurement of intellectual intelligence (IQ) uses an IQ test with Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM) test. Data analysis used a correlation test to confirm the relationship between physical fitness and intellectual intelligence (IQ). The results showed that the male soccer athletes' average level of physical fitness (Vo2 Max) was in a good category. The intermediate IQ level is in the High Average category. The correlation test shows a linear relationship between physical fitness and intellectual intelligence (IQ). The better the physical fitness, the higher the intellectual intelligence.
Analysis Research Trends of Physical Literacy in Indonesia
Authors: Friskawati Gita Febria , Stephani Mesa Rahmi
Published: October 2021

In Indonesia, physical literacy has not developed as rapidly as in developed countries. Therefore, only a few studies are examining physical literacy in Indonesia. This study was aimed to scientifically reveal the focus of physical literacy studies in Indonesia by using an article review approach. The search for articles was limited to the latest ten-year publications and articles published in accredited National/International Journals and National/International Seminars with ISBN. A total of 7 articles were selected for further analysis using synthesis techniques. The study results revealed that there were only six studies on Physical Literacy in Indonesia published in National Journals and National/International Seminars. The focus of the study on physical literacy research in Indonesia included the lead to the measurement of physical literacy and the development of physical literacy instruments in elementary schools (three studies), using learning approach to improve physical literacy (two studies), and the concept of physical literacy in Physical Education (one study). This study is limited to an article review. For further research, it is hoped that new research focusing on physical literacy studies, using a research method approach adapted to the research objectives, will emerge from developing concepts, measurements, and implementations of physical literacy programs in Indonesia.
Contents and Foreword of the MIMBARDIK Journal, Issue of March 2017
Authors: MIMBARDIK Editor Journal
Published: October 2021

MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN: Jurnal Indonesia untuk Kajian Pendidikan(Indonesian Journal for Educational Studies) This journal, with ISSN 2527-3868 (print) and 2503-457X (online), was firstly published on March 11, 2016, by UPI (Indonesia University of Education) Press in Bandung and orgnized by the Lecturers of UPI Journal Developer Team. The MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN  is a new version journal from the old journal with the similar name that was published since 1995 to 2005. This journal is dedicated not only for Indonesian scholars who concern about educational studies, but also welcome to the scholars of Southeast Asian countries and around the world who care and share related to the educational studies in general. The MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN journal is published twice a year i.e. every March and September. Bandung, Indonesia: March 30, 2017. Prof. Haji Furqon, Ph.D.Honorable Patron of MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN Journal; and Rector of UPI in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
Info-MIMBARDIK-Edutainment, Issue of September 2018
Authors: Mimbar Pendidikan Info Edutainment Journal
Published: October 2021

MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN: Jurnal Indonesia untuk Kajian Pendidikan (Indonesian Journal for Educational Studies) This journal, with ISSN 2527-3868 (print) and 2503-457X (online), was firstly published on March 11, 2016, by UPI (Indonesia University of Education) Press in Bandung and orgnized by the Lecturers of UPI Journal Developer Team. The MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN  is a new version journal from the old journal with the similar name that was published since 1995 to 2005. This journal is dedicated not only for Indonesian scholars who concern about educational studies, but also welcome to the scholars of Southeast Asian countries and around the world who care and share related to the educational studies in general. The MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN journal is published twice a year i.e. every March and September.Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: September 30, 2018.Andi SUWIRTAManaging Editor of MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN Journal; and a Senior Lecturer at the Department of History Education UPI, Indonesia University of Education, Bandung, Indonesia. E-mail: suwirta.sahaja@upi.edu
Contents and Forewords of MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN Journal, Edition of September 2020
Authors: MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN Editor Journal
Published: October 2021

MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN: Jurnal Indonesia untuk Kajian Pendidikan (Indonesian Journal for Educational Studies) This journal, with ISSN 2527-3868 (print) and 2503-457X (online), was firstly published on March 11, 2016, by UPI (Indonesia University of Education) Press in Bandung and orgnized by the Lecturers of UPI Journal Developer Team. The MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN  is a new version journal from the old journal with the similar name that was published since 1995 to 2005. This journal is dedicated not only for Indonesian scholars who concern about educational studies, but also welcome to the scholars of Southeast Asian countries and around the world who care and share related to the educational studies in general. The MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN journal is published twice a year i.e. every March and September.Bandung, West Java, Indonesia: September 30, 2020.Prof. Dr. Haji Mohammad Fakry GaffarEditor-in-Chief of MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN Journal in Bandung; and Lecturer at the FIP UPI (Faculty of Education, Indonesia University of Education), Bandung, Indonesia. E-mail: mfgaffar@gmail.com