bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organization of the soviet armed forces medical supply in 1970’s and 1980’s
Authors: Miroshnichenko Yu V , Bunin S A , Kononov V N , Perfilev A B , Kostenko N L
Published: July 2021

The activity of the Soviet Army medical services on the troops medical equipment provision organization in the 1970-1980s is described. Principal schemes for medical equipment provision to the Soviet Army in accordance with the troopslogistical support principles in various conditions are also shown. General accumulation and summarization of the positiveexperience gathered during the local wars (Afghanistan), armed conflicts and in the liquidation of peacetime emergencysituations medical and sanitary consequences (Chernobyl, Armenia, etc.) is taking place in the medical supply system. Theresults of the military pharmacy legal framework development are presented. New progressive approaches to the guidancedocuments development have been established through the introduction of computer facilities based modeling processes fortroops medical equipment provision. The reasons for creating a separate discipline «Organization of military medical supply»and its role in the training of military pharmacists are considered. The role of the Military Medical Supply and PharmacyDepartment of the Military Medical Faculty at the Tomsk Medical Institute, where students of pharmaceutical faculties andpharmaceutical universities were called upon to study after finishing their third year, is exposed. The Military Medical Supplyand Pharmacy Department of the S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy activity on the troops (forces) medical supply systemimprovement, on the administrative staff training in the resumption of two-year full-time specialists education in the troops(forces) medical supply organization sphere, including additional professional education programs is shown.
The evolution of methods and techniques for the diagnosis and treatment of urolithiasis in the Military medical academy named after S.M. Kirov
Authors: Protoschak V V , Paronnikov M V , Samatygo A B , Kiselev A O
Published: July 2021

Urolithiasis is one of the most common diseases in urological practice. Since the founding of the Military Medical Academy, the study of urolithiasis has occupied a significant place in practice, research and academic work. In this article, we attempted to systematize and structure all the data that are the benefits of the scientific and practical activities of the department staff who studied the problems of urolithiasis. Particular attention is paid to the outstanding role of the founder of Russian urology, S.P. Fedorov. In chronological order, the main directions of scientific activities of the department staff are presented in the study of the aspects of aetiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of urolithiasis. The research reflects the main stages of improving the methods of prompt and conservative treatment of patients with urolithiasis. The experience of the introduction and use of one of the first distant lithotriptors in domestic medicine is presented. The main works of the staff of the Academy engaged in the study of urolithiasis are covered in detail, among them are the works of Bush I.F., Savenko P.N., Solomon X.H., Rklitsky I.V., Zablotsky-Desyatovsky P.P., Grebenshchikov G.S., Kurtov A.I., Tovstoles KF, Panin A.G., Levkovsky N.S., Petrov S.B., Gadzhiyev N.K., Paronnikov M.V. The findings have not lost their relevance, are reflected in therapeutic activities and are actively used in clinical practice at the present time. The department maintains the established traditions, develops and develops new scientific directions, methods and methods of diagnosis, treatment and metaphylaxis of urolithiasis.
GENETIC MARKERS AS AN INDICATOR OF HUMAN RESILIENCE TO VARIOUS ECOLOGICAL AND PROFESSIONAL FACTORS
Authors: Yatmanov A N
Published: July 2021

The application of multidimensional screening of the navy servicemen’s mental health is considered in the article. The content of the concept of “mental health” is not limited to medical and psychological criteria, it always reflects the social and group norms that regulate the spiritual life of a person. For this purpose, multidimensional mental health screening has been developed. The essence of multidimensional a serviceman’s screening consists of combining the level estimates of mental or “subjective”, psychophysiological or “military professional” and socio-psychological adaptation of a serviceman. A moderate level of personal “subjective” adaptation in the collective of servicemen, a good level of indicators for assessing the activity of servicemen by the commander, and the presence of social tension in the military collective in the conditions of the third month of the campaign is observed. 27% of those surveyed servicemen were recommended psychological and educational activities, 9% - were required dynamic monitoring of the doctor’s part, 2% - were needed in a psychiatrist’s consultation. It requires mandatory medical and psychological support for military personnel during a long campaign (3 tables, bibliography: 7 refs).
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS OF NATURAL CHARACTER
Authors: Lantsov E V , Kobylkin D V
Published: July 2021

The epidemiologists of the whole world today special attention is paid to a relatively new direction of research is the epidemiology of emergency situations, studying features of manifestation of epidemic process in areas of catastrophes of natural and technogenic character. The article, based on a brief literature review of the epidemiology of emergency situations, the basic epidemiological features of infectious diseases of the population in emergency situations of natural character, allowing you to more effectively plan and carry out sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures
LIBRARY OF THE KRONSTADT NAVAL HOSPITAL
Authors: Lobanova M I , Nikitin E A , Roskostov M V
Published: July 2021

In the middle of the XIX century in the Kronstadt naval hospital established medical library. Area of premises 248 m2. It consists of a subscription, a reading room and medical, artistic and historical literature. The library’s collection of books is 23 288, including 10189 of the medical literature, fiction and historical literature 13 099
EXTRAPERITONEAL ACCESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF INGUINAL HERNIA
Authors: Polyakov A A , Mikhin I V , Kosivtcov O A , Ryaskov L A
Published: July 2021

Introduction. Inguinal hernia is one of the most common diseases and occurs mainly in men of working age. The development of surgery and endoscopic technology made it possible to look at this pathology from the other side and move on to pathogenetically substantiated minimally invasive methods of treatment. The aim of the study. To improve the results of the endohernioplasty in inguinal hernias by improving the techniques and determining the advantages and disadvantages of various options for positioning mesh. Materials and methods. The paper reflects the experience of 203 endovideosurgical allohernioplasty in 161 patients using transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) and extraperitoneal techniques (TEP, e-TEP). Results. Intraoperative damage to the sigmoid colon occurred twice with sliding inguinal hernias on the left at the beginning of TAPP, one injury required a laparotomy, the other was eliminated laparoscopically. When performing 55 extraperitoneal hernia repair, there were no complications. Long-term results were traced from 6 to 36 months; no relapses were identified. Conclusion. Due to its advantages, the endovideosurgical technique for the treatment of inguinal hernias is a priority, e-TEP access are easier to learn and can be used even in difficult cases, expanding the surgeon’s capabilities and is the first step to master extraperitoneal approaches to other abdominal hernias.
APPLICATION OF MODIFIED NICKELIDE TITANIUM IMPLANTS TO REPLACE ABDOMINAL WII DEFECTS IN EXPERIMENT
Authors: Cherepanova T V
Published: July 2021

An important step towards the development of reticular endorotesis was the introduction and use of modern super-elastic material based on nickel-titanium. The article is devoted to a new way to solve one of the urgent problems of surgery. The experiment proved the possibility of an intraperitoneal method of disposing of a nickel-mesh titanium implant based on titanium nickelide modified by auto-coupling tissue in artificially created defects of the anterior abdominal wall, and anti-adhesive properties of the combined mesh material are shown. In the experiment, performed a series of experiments on 33 rabbits of the Chinchilla breed. Animals were divided into 3 groups of 11 animals each. The experiment included 2 stages. In the first part, netting of nickelide titanium implant was performed in the posterior pelvic limb of the animal. The second stage was carried out by replacing the artificially created defect of the anterior abdominal wall with a mesh implant based on titanium nickelide modified with connective tissue. The experiment proved the possibility of an intraperitoneal method of disposing of a nickel-mesh titanium implant based on titanium nickelide modified by auto-coupling tissue in artificially created defects of the anterior abdominal wall, and anti-adhesive properties of the combined mesh material are shown. The use of super-elastic reticular nickel-titanium implants in combination with an auto-connecting tissue will, with a high degree of effectiveness, replace the lost structures of the anterior abdominal wall in patients with postoperative ventral hernias.
Treatment of Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome in pediatric patients with antiepileptic drugs
Authors: Sofronov A. G. , Zaytsev D. E. , Zaytsev I. D. , Titov N. A.
Published: July 2021

Examined 62 children (49 boys, 13 girls) aged 4–18 years with a follow-up period of at least 1 year with an established diagnosis of Gilles de la Tourette’s syndrome. The study identified the necessary diagnostic measures for the selection of therapeutic tactics in children suffering from Gilles de la Tourette’s syndrome. All subjects underwent continued electroencephalographic monitoring with recording of night sleep. In 4 children, epileptiform disorders in the form of benign epileptiform childhood disorders in centro-temporal leads and a secondary bilateral synchronization pattern were revealed. The relationship between epilepsy and Gilles de la Tourette’s syndrome has been studied. The effect of antiepileptic drugs in patients with diagnosed disorders of an epileptiform nature was evaluated. It has been established that antiepileptic therapy can be effective in the treatment of Gilles de la Tourette’s syndrome in children. It was revealed that antiepileptic therapy should be differentiated. The adverse effects of traditional antipsychotic therapy used to treat Gilles de la Tourette’s syndrome have been studied and described. The causes of pharmacoresistance in the treatment of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome with antipsychotic drugs have also been identified. We studied and described the undesirable effects of antiepileptic drugs when used in children suffering from Gilles de la Tourette’s syndrome when diagnostic measures are not observed before treatment. Recommendations on the primary instrumental diagnosis of children suffering from Gilles de la Tourette’s syndrome are developed. Cases of the appearance of tics with the use of antiepileptic drugs are described.
Instructive story of one high-altitude flight: decompression sickness in an aircraft crew and its consequences
Authors: Dvornikov M V , Volovik Yu A , Matyushev T V
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to a retrospective analysis of the medical aspects of the cause and consequences of high-altitude decompression sickness in the crew of a Su-24M aircraft, which arose in conditions of a forced long flight in a depressurized cabin at high altitude. We studied the documentary evidence of the direct participants and witnesses of the aviation event, the data of the technical analysis of the cause of the failure of the life support system of aircraft and the clinical examination materials of the pilot. The deficiencies in the instructions to the crew and aviation medicine specialists in diagnosing and assisting with the threat of this pathology, which caused the pilot to develop a severe form of altitude decompression sickness, were identified. Formulated recommendations for the prevention of this disease and its consequences, applicable in conditions of combat aviation units in modern conditions.
Application of laboratory express diagnostics in a multidisciplinary medical hospital and at the stages of the evacuation of patients
Authors: Stets V V , Lyubimov M D
Published: July 2021

The article shows the reasonability of implementation of the «laboratory analysis at the place of delivery of medical care» into medical practice. The main advantages of using the «point-of-care testing» technology for a comprehensive assessment of the condition of patients with various pathologies both in the hospital and during transportation of patients in serious condition are highlighted. Examples of using the i-STAT 300 G (Abbott) device to determine treatment tactics in various clinical situations are given. The results of analyzes obtained with the help of this apparatus correspond to those using the «classical» laboratory equipment, and its advantages can help to improve the outcomes of treating patients. The characteristics of the device make it possible to recommend its use in various conditions for the laboratory diagnosis of life-threatening disorders of homeostasis and correction of the treatment of patients with various pathologies.
Topographic features of the recurrent motor branch of the median nerve in relation to the restoration of the active opposition of the thumb with proximal injuries of the median nerve
Authors: Nisht A. Yu. , Fomin N. F.
Published: July 2021

The high demands presented for a hand, as one of the most difficult segments in the anatomical, surgical and functional aspects, are due to a wide range of tasks performed daily by a person with the hand and fingers. The accuracy of manipulations with small-sized objects is due to the ability of a person to oppose the I finger to all three-phalange fingers. The loss of this movement due to injuries of the motor branches to the muscles of the elevation of the first finger leads to significant functional losses up to professional unsuitability. In relation to substantiating the possibility of peripheral nerve restoration by their end-to-side connection, a comprehensive applied anatomical and special X-ray examination was performed on 29 weakly fixed upper limbs of corpses in order to study the features of the topography of the motor branch of the median nerve to the muscles of elevation of the first finger. In the composition of the median nerve, at the level of the lower third of the forearm and wrist channel, the perineural cases forming the return motor branch to the muscles of the elevation of the first finger occupy the most lateral position. After moving away from the main trunk, the motor branch bends around the lower edge of the transverse ligament of the wrist and goes to the innervated muscles from the bottom up, from the inside out and from back to front, forming a bend. The muscular gates of the motor branch are determined at the level of the proximal third of the II metacarpal bone with a distance of 3,83±1,19 and 4,19±1,43 cm, respectively, from the distal folds of the wrist and the line connecting the styloid processes of the radius and ulna. Between the distance of the entrance gate of the motor branch of the median nerve and the length of the hand, a pronounced positive correlation is determined. The interval within which the muscular gates of the motor branch of the median nerve are located relative to the distal fold of the wrist exceeds the range of the sum of the diameters of the II and III fingers. This circumstance indicates the probable location of the motor branch and beyond the «forbidden zone» of the hand, determined by blocking it with the II and III fingers below the distal fold of the wrist. The presented data characterize the features of the topography of the distal branches and the intra-trunk structure of the median nerve. The potential possibility of selective mobilization of motor branches at the level of the distal forearm and hand for performing reconstructive interventions aimed at restoring the innervation of the muscles of the elevation of the first finger is demonstrated.
Analysis of clinikal and morphological features of missed abortions, associated with chromosomal abnormalities of the chorion
Authors: Romanova O A , Pechenikova V A , Kartashova T S , Klyukovkina A S , Ellinidi V N
Published: July 2021

Nowadays the problem of recurrent miscarriage is relevant. 17-20% of all registered pregnancies end with inevitable miscarriages. 80% of them are early pregnancies and in most cases represent missed abortions. Besides, one of the leading cause of missed abortion are chromosomal abnormalities. Analyzed the clinical and anamnestic data of patients, diagnosed with missed abortion during early pregnancy, examined in Saint-Petersburg in 2005-2006 and 2015-2017: patients with normal chorion karyotype and patients with chromosomal abnormalities of the chorion. Revealed that the prevailing chromosomal abnormality is aneuploidy, among all types of aneuploidy the most frequently are trisomy 16, trisomy 13, trisomy 22 and trisomy 21. The structure of aneuploidy has changed in 10-11 years. Now, in comparison with 2005-2006, at missed abortion the trisomy 16 in chorionic villi is found 3.8 times more often, the trisomy 13 is found 2.8 times more often and the trisomy 22 is found twice less often (p
The results of surgical treatment of patients with lumbosacral radiculopathy, caused by paraarticular and disc cysts
Authors: Kravtsov M N , Pomet'ko D V , Leonov V I , Gaydar B V , Svistov D V
Published: July 2021

The results of the conservative and surgical treatment of 12 patients at the Neurosurgery Clinic of the Military medical academy. CM. Kirov, in the period 2016-2018, about the paraarticular and disc cysts of the lumbar spine. Performed open microsurgical and full-endoscopic operational aids. Evaluation of the effectiveness of surgical treatment was carried out using the subjective assessment scale and magnetic resonance imaging over time. The follow-up period ranged from 6 to 24 months. Most often, extradural cysts were located at the level of the LIV-LV segment. Clinical manifestations were characterized by radiculopathy and local back pain. The average duration of pain syndrome was 3±0,7 months. Conservative treatment led to a regression of pain and resorption of a disk cyst in one patient. In other cases, surgical treatment was required. The average duration of a microsurgical operation was 131,6±73,4 minutes, video endoscopic - 80±10,8 minutes. The hospitalization period in the group of microsurgical treatment was 10,4 days, in the group of video endoscopy - 4,7 days. Control magnetic resonance imaging revealed the recurrence of paraarticular cysts in the area of the previous operation in 3 patients. Relapse in patients with disc cysts is not marked. Necessity in repeated operations did not arise in one supervision. It has been established that the main clinical manifestations of extradural cysts of the lumbar spine are local moderate pain, radiculopathy, and intermittent claudication. Microsurgical and percutaneous video endoscopic treatment of lumboischialgia due to extradural cysts is significantly more effective compared with conservative therapy. Full-endoscopic interventions in comparison with microsurgical ones are less invasive and long-lasting and can reduce the time of inpatient treatment.
Medical technology of early recovery of the ability to move independently after amputation of the lower limb
Authors: Suslyaev V G , Scherbina K K , Smirnova L M , Sokurov A V , Ermolenko T V
Published: July 2021

Results of early restoration of the ability to independent movement after amputation of the lower extremities as possibilities of prevention of development of the complications connected with a hypodynamia for reduction of terms of medical rehabilitation and restoration of quality of life are presented. Preparation for prosthetics was carried out with the application of modern methods of medical physical culture according to four motor activity levels. For prevention of development of contractures of joints, decrease in the puffiness of tissues of a stump will be applied techniques of medical physical culture, orthopedic laying, elastic bandaging of a stump of a shin and hip, carrying compression elastic and polymeric (silicone) covers. For improvement of lympho-venous outflow, reduction of puffiness of soft fabrics and of a phantom pain syndrome elastic glue bandaging (a therapeutic adhesive tapes) of a stump is shown. Non-drug treatment of phantom pain syndrome is especially relevant at contraindications, intolerance the patient of medicines. Among non-drug techniques of simplification of a phantom pain, syndrome use various techniques of reflexotherapy (acupuncture, an akupressura, etc.), to an empatotekhnik, a mirror therapy, phantom-impulsive gymnastics. Holding sessions of a mirror-therapy was followed with phantom-impulsive gymnastics by the standard technique. For prevention of formation of a flexion contracture of a knee joint after below-knee amputation used universal adjustable elastic orthosis for the knee made of polyurethane foam in the form of the rolled design with the fixing tapes is offered. Besides of, the technique of training moving by artificial limb helps the truncated extremity with the regulated reception sleeve or the made reception sleeve which is put on a stump from the water hardened plastic bandage is improved. The value of the offered technique consists in the imitation of end-bearing on a stump in the adjustable socket with the put-on reception sleeve and to training in use before fitting and walking with an artificial limb. This medical technology of early restoration of moving ability after amputation of a shin or a hip with the application of new designs of adjustable reception sleeves from thermoplastic materials in the form of a adjustable socket row with modular connection for assembly of artificial limbs of the lower extremities by express methods provides essential positive social and economic effect. The technical documentation set on new designs of artificial limbs of a shin and hip is developed for early primary prosthetics. The offered medical technology of early primary prosthetics is introduced at 27 state and five non-state prosthetic and orthopedic enterprises of the Russian Federation and also the prosthetic and orthopedic enterprises of Dushanbe (Republic of Tajikistan), Tashkent (Republic of Uzbekistan).
The requirement for achievement in young people
Authors: Uliukin I M , Kiseliova N V , Kostin D V , Berezovskii A V , Orlova E S
Published: July 2021

Аbstract. The desire to improve results, a dissatisfaction with what has been achieved, a perseverance in achieving their goals, the desire to achieve their own at any cost - all of this is one of the nuclear traits of a person that influence all of human life. It is believed that a person in his profession can accomplish one of two main missions: a professional self-realization, with a predominant orientation «towards society» (to make a successful career, to reach the heights of excellence and, accordingly, a public recognition), or an self-realization of himself as an individual (a predominant «self-directed» orientation, which may not always coincide with his professional self-realization). It is believed that the motives of the choice of a profession by students are closely related to their value orientations, and the study of factors influencing a person’s attitude to the profession and himself allows determining the specificity of the professional field, where the subject area of work activity is designated as a new psychological reality, activating a personality to self-transformation and the world around us. It is shown that the level of achievement motivation, the motivation for success among young people is medium. Reduced and increased need identified in isolated cases. The nature of the distribution of ego states in the personality structure of young people (men and women) is due to the sex characteristics of the groups. In the study of tightness between correlation between indicators of the need for achievement and indicators of ego-states of personality structures, it is shown that this force is weak in men, while in women it is moderate between the need for achievement and indicators «Rebellious child» and «Caring parent». This corresponds to the idea of the possibility of considering your life as an interrelation of a number of events with subjective experiences, since the psychological fate of an individual determines the way of experiencing the events of life. The adequacy of self-esteem is characterized by the measure of an individual’s assessment of his activity with external assessments of these results, the nature of reflection of this coincidence in his mind, but it also depends on the need for achievement. This will allow the development of effective integrated programs that help optimize both perseverance and self-realization of the individual.
A comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of aspiration and automatic systems for percutaneous liver biopsy in experimental rats
Authors: Zhdanov K V , Saulevich A V , Karev V E , Kozlov K V , Zakharkiv Yu F , Zakharenko S M , Lyashenko Yu I , Ivanov K S , Sukachev V S , Shakhmanov D M , Popov D V , Kariakin S S , Bedarev A V , Chernenok M G , Gemst I I , Tashimov M M
Published: July 2021

The effectiveness and quality of liver biopsy in rats are applicable to the aspiration and automatic liver biopsy system. Histological examination of 240 biopsy specimens in 100% of cases identified portal tracts. The number of portal tracts to determine the stage of liver fibrosis in rats of the 1st group who underwent liver biopsy was performed using an 18 G aspirating needle from the puncture liver set (Menghini type), which is 4-5, you have the 2nd group, which one-time guillotine soft tissue biopsy with a semi-automatic action of 16G×20 cm, Italy) - 7-8 portal tracts. The average size of the biopsy in the 1st group is 0,5 cm, in the 2nd group - 1 cm. Thus, the automatic biopsy system allows you to get liver tissue in 100% of cases. At the same time, the automatic system eliminates the additional traumatization of experimental animals, as well as minimizes efforts to separate the biopsy material from the organ. In addition, the automated system for liver biopsy allows to evaluate 7-8 portal tracts with a biopsy size of 1 cm, this provides a reliable histological assessment of pathological changes in liver tissue to assess the stage of fibrosis and the activity of the inflammatory process over time.
Occupational diseases caused by exposure to laser radiation
Authors: Khalimov Yu Sh , Vlasenko A N , Tsepkova G A , Sosukin A E
Published: July 2021

Sources of laser radiation are firmly entrenched in all spheres of human activity: different branches industry, biology, gene engineering, medicine, agriculture. In cases of gross safety violations, laser radiation can be dangerous for people working with it. Biological action of laser radiation is not completely found out. By the nature of human exposure to laser radiation, it is divided into direct, diffuse, specularly reflected and diffusely reflected. It can cause both primary effects, which include organic changes that occur in irradiated tissues, and secondary effects, which are nonspecific changes that occur in response to radiation. The «critical» organs for laser radiation are the eyes and the skin. Laser lesions are divided into acute and chronic. Acute lesions occur either in cases of gross security breaches or emergencies. The development of chronic lesions is possible in cases of prolonged work with low-intensity laser devices. Other adverse factors, such as noise, vibration, light from flash lamps, ultraviolet radiation, tiredness of visual analyzer, air pollution (ozone, oxide of nitrogen), neuro-emotional tension, affect workers during exploitation of laser radiation’s sources. Diagnostics of laser lesions is based on the occupational history data of sanitary and hygienic characteristics of working conditions as well as on the results of clinical examination and dosimetry data. There is no specific treatment for laser lesions.
The severity degree estimation for the lower extremity blast injury
Authors: Anisin A V , Denisov A V , Shapovalov V M
Published: July 2021

The present review is concerned with the modern state of the problem connected with the severity degree estimation of the lower extremity blast injury. The specific character of modern combat activity is considered to be the prevalence of the blast trauma in the structure of casualties, this trauma amounting up to 69% of all the combat injuries. The problem of the adequate unbiased estimation of the severity degree for this kind of trauma appears to be critical, because it is important for the appraisal of the necessary volume of medical care provided for the casualties and optimal assignment of the casualties to the medical evacuation stages beginning from the combat zone up to the specialized trauma center. The combat blast trauma is distinguished from the civilian trauma, it also differs from blast injuries occurring during technological disasters. In this regard, the use of traditional estimation parameters for the lower extremity trauma severity, based on clinical findings of civilian injuries, seems not possible. The development of appropriate severity estimation technique for the lower extremity blast trauma is essential not only for the medical care, but also for the adequate experimental modeling processes using human cadavers and biomorphic models, and the development of virtual “mathematical” simulators. Currently, investigators are involved in developing specific severity degree estimation scales for the lower extremity blast injury, based on the case histories analysis and casualties’ follow-up. Foreign experts have proposed a number of assessment classifications of mine-explosive injury, allowing to formulate a diagnosis and determine the severity of the injured explosive limb injuries. In our country, there is currently no generally accepted classification developed in relation to the explosive injury of the lower extremities, but the methods proposed by domestic military field surgeons and traumatologists allow us to effectively assess the severity of this injury and make a certain sorting decision.
Key points of etiopathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Zhirkov I I , Gordienko A V , Serdyukov D Yu , Dorokhov G Yu
Published: July 2021

Based on the analysis of Russian and foreign literature sources, the definition of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is given, modern data on the etiology, prevalence, risk factors for the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are presented. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease found in at least a quarter of the world’s population and the main target of this disease is the most able-bodied and economically active part of the population. These circumstances give this problem special medical, social and humanitarian significance. Two different pathomorphological states represent non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: nonalcoholic fatty liver and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, which, in turn, includes liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is determined not only on the basis of the results of histological studies in the presence of steatosis in more than 5% of hepatocytes, but also in excess of proton density of more than 5.6% during proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, or when performing selective magnetic resonance imaging with quantitative determination of fat and water. Modern data on the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease are presented. Attention is focused on such key mechanisms in the development of the disease as insulin resistance, lipotoxicy, oxidative stress, systemic aseptic inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum, which served as the basis of the pathogenetic theory of «multi hit». The pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease plays an important role visceral adipose tissue, which also synthesized proinflammatory cytokines and adipokines, as well as the syndrome of excessive bacterial growth, due to the formation of endotoxemia and atherogenic dyslipidemia.
Museum N.I. Pirogov: history and modernity
Authors: Budko A A , Chigareva N G
Published: July 2021

Сolleagues, students, members of the Russian Surgical Society of Pirogov put a lot of effort to create the Pirogov Museum to perpetuate the memory of the great Russian surgeon. The construction of the museum was carried out according to the project of the architect V.A. Schroeter for funds allocated from the State Treasury and collected from philanthropists. Museum of Pirogov was opened on October, 26 (November, 7), 1897. The collection of the museum included: items related to the life and work of N.I. Pirogov, preparations for surgical anatomy, surgical pathology, collection of instruments, orthopedic and surgical devices, patient and wounded patient care items, portraits, engravings, manuscripts and documents reflecting all stages of the history of domestic surgery, etc. The museum hosted meetings of Pirogov Russian Surgical Society, conferences and all-Russian congresses of doctors. The events of the first third of the 20th century negatively affected the fate of the Pirogov Museum. Since 1930 the museum of N. I. Pirogov was under the jurisdiction of the Military Medical Academy, its funds were transferred to several departments of the Academy, and the building of the museum in the 70iеs of the twentieth century was torn down. In 1946 part of the valuable items of Pirogov’s museum became the property of the Military Medical Museum. December 19, 2018 there was a significant event in the history of Russian medicine happened: a grand opening of Pirogov’s museum took place in the Military Medical Museum. At the opening greetings were made by representatives of Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center (Moscow), Military Medical Academy. S.M. Kirov, Surgical Society, Committee on Culture of St. Petersburg, the Consulate of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, etc. The basis of the exposition of the revived Pirogov’s museum make up the original things of the great surgeon: a hat, a sword belt, a sword hat, a cocked hat, a box made of Karelian birch, a smoking pipe, orders and medals, manuscripts, letters, as well as atlases, medical instruments, lithographic stones, etc.
Analisis Kekasaran Baja AISI 304 Akibat Variasi Parameter pada Proses Roughing CNC Turning Menggunakan Pahat Cermet
Authors: Pambudi Nugroho Setyo
Published: July 2021

Abstract: This study aims to determine the surface roughness value of AISI 304 steel due to variations in spindle speed and feed motion. The method used is pre-experimental design and data analysis techniques used are descriptive analysis techniques. The spindle rotation speed used is 1990 rpm, 2100 rpm, and 2300 rpm, while the feed motion used is 0.18 mm / rev, 0.23 mm / rev, and 0.28 mm / rev. The cutting tool used in this study is a Mitsubishi brand insert chisel with ISO standard CNMNG120404-MA, while the data collection technique using a measuring tool to measure the surface roughness of the workpiece is the Surface Roughness Test Mitutoyo Portable Surftest SJ 301 series. The results of this study indicate that high engine speed reaches 2300 Rpm and low feed motion reaches 0.18 mm / rev resulting in low surface roughness levels reaching 2.17 µm. While the highest is obtained at low engine speed and high feed motion which reaches 1900 Rpm and 0.28 mm / rev with a surface roughness value of 4.43 µm.Keywords: Spindle rotation, feed speed, turning, CNC lathe, surface roughness.
Rancang bangun turbin uap pada Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Sampah (PLTSa) Kapasitas 1,45 KW di Lingkungan Kampus Unsika
Authors: Darmawan Rais
Published: July 2021

Abstrak: Sampah merupakan salah satu permasalahan perkotaan terutama untuk di kota – kota besar di Indonesia tak terkecuali di Karawang, dan ini merupakan tantangan bagi setiap kota untuk mengelolah sampah ini. Dinas Lingkungan Hidup dan Kebersihan (DLHK) Karawang mencatat populasi sampah mencapai 900 ton per harinya. Untuk itu pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan perancangan PLTSa. Sebagai salah satu solusi pemanfaatan sampah. pada penelitian ini akan merancang turbin uap jenis impuls sebagai salah satu komponen PLTSa dengan diameter turbin 40 cm. Dari hasil pengujian alat PLTSa putaran operasional turbin uap yang digunakan 1500 Rpm dengan tekanan 5 Bar, yang menghasilkan daya output 1,45 KW dan daya internalnya 1,337 KW yang tersambung pada alternator dan menghasilkan listrik 26 volt tanpa beban, serta 12,6 volt ketika dihubungkan ke accu. Efisiensi yang terdapat pada turbin uap 49,6 % dan efisiensi internal relatif turbin uap sebesar 70 %.  Kata kunci: Sampah, Turbin Uap, Kecepatan, Tegangan, dan Efisiensi.
Pengembangan Buku Panduan Pelatihan Kesadaran Belajar dengan Menggunakan Teknik Self-Talk dalam Bimbingan Kelompok Siswa SMP
Authors: Aslami Dini Indah , Simon Irene , Triyono Triyono
Published: July 2021

Abstract: Learning awareness is best for each student. Learning awareness makes learners have a distinct willingness to learn so that learning is no longer necessary. The purpose of the research and development is to produce a guidebook for learning awareness training by using self-talk technique in group guidance. This research is a type of research and development that adapts the development model from Borg and Gall. The steps taken in this research and development do not follow the overall development steps by Borg and Gall. This research and development is only up to the fifth step, namely product revision. The guidebook developed have been validated by two instrument experts, two guidance and counseling material experts and two media experts and have been tested on two prospective product users (school counselors). Based on the results of expert trials and user trials of manual products, they get an assessment that is very feasible to use.

Abstrak: Kesadaran diri dalam belajar sebaiknya dimiliki setiap pelajar. Kesadaran dalam belajar membuat peserta didik memiliki kemauan sendiri dalam belajar sehingga anak tersebut tidak perlu lagi untuk dipaksa untuk belajar.Tujuan dari penelitian dan pengembangan untuk menghasilkan panduan pelatihan kesadaran belajar siswa SMP dengan penggunaan teknik self-talk dalam bimbingan kelompok. Penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian dan pengembangan yang mengadaptasi model pengembangan dari Borg dan Gall. Langkah-langkah yang dilakukan dalam penelitian dan pengembangan ini tidak mengikuti keseluruhan langkah pengembangan oleh Borg dan Gall. Penelitian dan pengembangan ini hanya hingga langkah kelima yaitu revisi produk. Panduan yang dikembangkan sudah divalidasi oleh dua orang ahli instrumen, dua orang ahli materi bimbingan dan konseling dan dua orang ahli media serta sudah diuji cobakan kepada calon pengguna produk yaitu dua orang konselor sekolah. Berdasarkan hasil uji coba ahli dan uji coba pengguna produk panduan mendapatkan penilaian sangat layak digunakan.
Pengembangan Panduan Konseling Kelompok Teknik Psikodrama untuk Mengatasi Masalah Psychological Well-Being Siswa SMP
Authors: Kaedati Sityalawia H. , Zen Ella Faridati , Fauzan Lutfi
Published: July 2021

Abstract: This research goal is to develop a group counseling guide for psychodrama techniques to overcome problems psychological well-being in junior high school students. Guidelines are used by counselors in providing guidance and counseling services that have accuracy, usefulness, convenience, and attractiveness, and can be both beneficial and acceptable. theory and practicality. The research method used is the Borg and Gall research model in 7 stages, namely (1) data collection, (2) planning, (3) designing the initial media format, (4) validation testing, (5) product revision, 6) product user testing. , 7) final revision. The results of the validation test from material experts showed a validity index of 0.73 and was included in the high category, media experts showed a percentage of 3.89 which was included in the very high category and potential product users with a percentage of 3.77 were still in the very high category. These results indicate that the guide developed by the researcher has met the acceptance criteria and is suitable for use by counselors as a guide in providing guidance and counseling services in schools.

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan panduan konseling kelompok teknik psikodrama untuk mengatasi masalah psychological well-being pada siswa SMP. Panduan digunakan oleh konselor dalam memberikan layanan bimbingan dan konseling yang memiliki ketepatan, kegunaan, kemudahan, dan kemenarikan, serta dapat bermanfaat sekaligus diterima secara teori maupun kepraktisannya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah model penelitian Borg and Gall dalam 7 tahap yaitu (1) pengumpulan data, (2) perencanaan, (3) merancang format awal media, (4) uji validasi, (5) revisi produk, 6) uji pengguna produk, 7) revisi akhir. Hasil uji validasi dari ahli materi menunjukan indeks validitas sebesar 0,73 dan masuk dalam kategori tinggi, ahli media menunjukan persentase sebesar 3,89 masuk dalam kategori sangat tinggi dan calon pengguna produk dengan persentase 3,77 masih dalam kategori sangat tinggi. Hasil tersebut menunjukan bahwa panduan yang dikembangkan oleh peneliti telah memenuhi kriteria keberterimaan dan layak digunakan oleh konselor sebagai panduan dalam memberikan layanan bimbingan dan konseling di sekolah.
GERMINAÇÃO DE SEMENTES E VIGOR DE PLÂNTULAS DE Arctium lappa L. SUBMETIDAS À TOXICIDADE DE ALUMÍNIO
Authors: Silverio Juliana Milene , Santos Cleberton Correia , Bernardes Rodrigo da Silva , Espíndola Giselly Marques , Meurer Hércules Lazari , Vieira Maria do Carmo
Published: July 2021

O alumínio (Al) presente nos solos ácidos reduz o potencial fisiológico de sementes e limita o crescimento plântulas de diversas espécies de interesse agronômico. Entretanto, informações quanto à toxicidade do Al em Arctium lappa L. (bardana, Asteraceae) são escassos. Objetivou-se nesse estudo avaliar o efeito do estresse por alumínio na germinação e no vigor de plântulas de A. lappa. Foram testadas cinco concentrações de sulfato de alumínio hidratado Al2(SO4)3·16H2O: 0 (controle), 5, 10, 15 e 20 mmol L-1. O teste de germinação foi feito em caixas do tipo Gerbox (sobre papel – SP) e em rolo papel – RP, utilizando papel germitest® umedecidos 2,5 vezes seu peso seco. As sementes foram mantidas em câmaras de B.O.D, sob 20-30ºC e luz branca constante. O potencial fisiológico das sementes e vigor de plântulas foi avaliado por meio dos testes de primeira contagem de germinação (4 dias), germinação (7 dias) e comprimento de plântulas. Observamos redução da germinação conforme aumento das concentração de Al em substrato SP. Os menores comprimentos da parte aérea das plântulas ocorreram com 20 mmol L-1 de Al e no substrato SP. Ocorreu inibição radicular das plântulas conforme aumento das concentração de Al nos dois substratos, especialmente no SP. O estresse por alumínio e substrato SP afetou negativamente a germinação de sementes e vigor das plântulas de A. lappa.
Diabetes mellitus a risk to periodontium
Authors: Khatri Ayush , Khatri Manish , Bansal Mansi , Puri Komal , Rehan Mohd.
Published: July 2021

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex disease with varying degrees of systemic and oral complications. The periodontium is also a target for diabetic damage. In recent years, a link between periodontitis and diabetes mellitus has been postulated. The oral cavity serves as a continuous source of infectious agents that could further worsen the diabetic status of the patient and serve as an important risk factor deterioration of diabetes mellitus. The present review highlights the relationship between diabetes mellitus and periodontitis. The potential mechanisms involved in the deterioration of diabetic status and periodontal disease are also discussed.
Role of gender & age in chronic periodontal disease
Authors: Jain Ashish , Bhavsar Neeta V
Published: July 2021

There is lot of literature suggesting a gender based heterogeneity in many human chronic diseases including periodontal disease.

To analyze and compare the clinical periodontal disease parameters & serum biochemical markers of periodontal inflammation in systemically healthy age stratified adult male and female patients suffering from chronic destructive periodontal disease.

Cross sectional observational study in a hospital setting

A total of 300 subjects, both genders were enrolled based on predefined criteria and were categorized in 6 groups of 50 subjects each. Complete medical and dental history was taken to screen before enrollment. All subjects underwent complete periodontal examination, including evaluation of Plaque index (PI), Probing pocket depth (PPD) and Clinical attachment level (CAL), Bleeding on Probing (BOP). Blood samples were taken for analysis of inflammatory biomarkers viz interleukin (IL)-1β, osteoprotegrin (OPG), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)- 8 & interleukin (IL)- 6.

IBM SPSS STATISTICS (version 22.0)

Clinical parameters of periodontal status were higher in females as compared to males except BOP. However, only PPD and CAL showed significant difference. Higher serum levels of IL-1β, OPG and Il-6 were observed in females (2.10 + 26.82, 168.18 + 49.84 , 29.17 + 99.20 pg/ml) than males (1.90 + 7.27 , 145.00 + 39.60 , (25.83 + 189.09pg/ml) respectively, but significant difference was observed only for OPG. A statistically significant higher level of MMP-8 was observed in males (3003.33 + 772.33 pg/ml) as compared to females (1398.33 + 1218.10 pg/ml).

The findings of current investigation has identified significant differences in the clinical and specific biochemical mediators(IL-1β, IL-6, OPG, MMP-8) across groups and subgroups of the population To ascertain the impact of gender and age in the causation and pathogenesis of inflammatory periodontal disease, further well designed prospective investigations are needed .

The study findings point towards the identification of specific biomarkers in individual subgroup/group based on age and gender. These shall pave path to develop predictive models, screening tools and early diagnostic strategies for chronic periodontal disease for Indian population.
Abordagem Conservadora de um Ameloblastoma Unicístico um um Paciente Jovem - Relato De Caso
Authors: Nunes Lucas Alberto dos Santos , Rodrigues Bruno Teixeira Gonçalves , Antero Sarah Aparecida , Freire Nathália De Almeida , Israel Mônica Simões
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: O objetivo desse trabalho foi relatar o sucesso de um caso de ameloblastoma unicístico tratado conservadoramente. Relato de caso: Paciente do gênero masculino, 12 anos de idade, se apresentou para consulta na clínica de Estomatologia com queixa principal de assimetria facial e abertura bucal limitada. Ao exame clínico extraoral observou-se aumento de volume facial expressivo no lado esquerdo. Ao exame intraoral, foi observadao aumento de volume e apagamento do fundo de vestíbulo na região posterior esquerda de mandíbula. Na radiografia panorâmica foi observada uma lesão radiolúcida unilocular e osteolítica comprometendo corpo, ângulo e ramo de mandíbula, deslocando superiormente o dente 38. Na tomografia computadorizada, foi observada a expansão das corticais vestibular e lingual. Diante desses achados as hipóteses diagnósticas foram: Cisto Dentígero; Ameloblastoma Unicístico e Fibroma Ameloblástico. Foi realizada biópsia incisional que estabeleceu o diagnóstico definitivo de ameloblastoma unicístico. O paciente foi submetido à marsupialização, e nove meses depois, à enucleação. Após sete anos de acompanhamento clínico, o paciente encontra-se livre da doença. Conclusão: O tratamento cirúrgico conservador para o ameloblastoma unicístico deve ser indicado em pacientes jovens, com objetivo de se evitar um procedimento mutilador.