bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Machining Parameters on Cutting Force of Endmilling of Inconel 718 Using Wavy-Edge Bull-Nose Helical End-Mill under Minimum Quantity Lubrication
Authors: Sultan Abdulhakim
Published: March 2024

This paper investigates effects of machining parameters: cutting speed (CS), feedrate (FR), and axial depth of cut (DC), on cutting force of endmilling of Inconel 718. A Wavy-edge bull-nose helical endmill (WEBNHE) was simulated cutting this material, at different levels of these parameters, then the maximum values of cutting force components (FxMax, FyMax, FzMax), as well as the resultant (FMax) were predicted using a mechanistic cutting force prediction model developed and cited from references [1-3]. The mechanistic model predicts the cutting force based on instantaneous cross-sectional area of the chip, and the local differential cutting-edge length, whereas minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) cooling strategy was incorporated into the mechanistic model via experimentally-identified cutting force and edge force coefficients which were identified and cited from the reference [4]. The simulated experimental runs in this research were designed based on Full-factorial principle, whereas MATLAB was used to simulate the mechanistic model and predict the cutting forces. The resultes showed that depth of cut contributed the most (by 78.94%) on the predicted resultant force (FMax), Followed by Feedrate, which contributed by 20.56%, and last was the cutting speed which contributed only by7.13%. Resultes also showned that, increasing feedrate and depth of cut resulted in increasing the three cutting force components and the resultant, Whereas increasing the cutting speed resulted in decreasing the FxMax and FyMax, but increasing the FzMax. Furthemore, by focusing on the axial force component (FzMax), it was observed that the effect of cutting speed was completelly reversed when the feedrate reached 41 mm/min and depth of cut reched 25 mm. At these conditions, cutting speed 93 produced more FzMax than 62. This can be justified by the wavy-cutting edge affecting cutting force direction
Kajian Daya Beli Masyarakat Kabupaten Bogor Tahun 2021
Authors: Wijayanti Windi
Published: March 2024

Pandemi Covid-19 memberikan dampak besar terhadap aspek kehidupan khususnya perekonomian tahun 2020. Dampak tersebut dirasakan oleh sektor ketenagakerjaan Kabupaten Bogor dimana tingkat pengangguran terbuka mencapai 5,4 juta jiwa. Selain itu, juga berdampak pada laju pertumbuhan ekonomi yang mengalami penurunan secara signifikan diangka -1,77%. Peningkatan kemiskinan juga terjadi dengan persentase sebesar 7,69%. Penelitian ini berbentuk survei dengan menggunakan metode pengambilan sampel bertahap (multistage random sampling). Data dianalisis menggunakan metode statistik.  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran dampak Covid-19 dan perubahan daya beli masyarakat terhadap sektor ekonomi strategis dan dunia usaha. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan respon masyarakat terhadap dampak Covid-19 adalah responsif yang disebabkan pemahaman masyarakat tentang Covid-19 sangat baik. Mayoritas masyarakat Kabupaten Bogor mengalami penurunan penghasilan. Lebih dari setengah masyarakat memperoleh bantuan sosial Covid-19 melalui program JPS. Adapun faktor-faktor dominan yang menurut pendapat masyarakat dapat meningkatkan daya beli adalah berakhirnya pandemi Covid-19 sebesar 35.42%, penghasilan meningkat sebesar 33.89% dan bansos sebesar 16.94%. Kemampuan daya beli masyarakat Kabupaten Bogor menunjukkan terjadi kenaikan daya beli sebesar 5% pada kelompok rumah tangga dan sebesar 20% pada kelompok industri Sementara, penurunan kemampuan daya beli kelompok rumah tangga hanya sebesar 7,3% dan kelompok industri sebesar 6,3%.
Gambaran Potensi Ekonomi Kabupaten Bogor Tahun 2021
Authors: Nurul Haq Eka Husni , Nasution Shinta
Published: March 2024

Perkembangan pembangunan ekonomi di suatu daerah dapat diketahui dari indikator tingkat pertumbuhan ekonominya. Laju pertumbuhan ekonomi setiap kecamatan sangat bervariasi. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh laju pertumbuhan beberapa sektor dengan pola yang bervariasi tergantung dari karakteristik sektor tersebut di kecamatan. Hingga kini, data potensi ekonomi Kabupaten Bogor hanya mencakup pada level kabupaten dan belum secara spesifik mencakup pada potensi ekonomi di setiap kecamatan. Sedangkan indikator potensi ekonomi kecamatan akan memperkuat dan mempertajam analisis dalam rangka pengambilan kebijakan ekonomi guna peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pendataan dan analisis potensi usaha di setiap kecamatan. Data dikumpulkan melalui survei di 38 kecamatan dan dianalisis dengan statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan potensi ekonomi di masing-masing kecamatan lebih didominasi oleh sektor usaha sekunder. Masing-masing sektor usaha yang mengisi potensi ekonomi di setiap kecamatan sangat bervariasi, akan tetapi kecenderungan besarnya pada empat sektor ekonomi yakni Industri Pengolahan (58,8%), Penyediaan Akomodasi Makan Dan Minum (10.9%), Perdagangan Besar dan Eceran (10,0%), dan pertanian, kehutanan dan perikanan (9,2%). Secara kumulatif kekuatan potensi ekonomi Kabupaten Bogor yaitu primer (9.4%), sekunder (60.1%) dan tersier (31.0%). Skala usaha mikro masih mendominasi potensi ekonomi di masing-masing kecamatan, sehingga atribut usaha seperti pendapatan dan tenaga kerja mengikuti besaran skala usaha tersebut.
Deteksi Objek Menghitung Pohon Kelapa Sawit Menggunakan Metode Deep Learning
Authors: Rahman Muhammad Ruhiyatna , Kusumawati Riny , Fatimah Fety
Published: March 2024

Kelapa sawit merupakan komoditas perkebunan yang penting bagi perkembangan ekonomi Indonesia. Permintaan kelapa sawit diperkirakan akan terus meningkat di tahun-tahun mendatang. Untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan produktivitas dalam budidaya kelapa sawit, pemantauan pertumbuhan pohon kelapa sawit sangatlah penting. Namun, metode tradisional untuk mengumpulkan data jumlah pohon kelapa sawit memakan waktu dan biaya. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan inovasi dengan menggunakan teknologi pendeteksi objek. Salah satu algoritma pendeteksi objek yang efektif adalah You Only Look Once (YOLO), yang menggunakan jaringan syaraf tiruan. Pada penelitian ini, kami melatih model dengan menggunakan dataset foto udara pohon kelapa sawit yang diperoleh dari citra satelit atau pesawat tanpa awak (UAV), dengan menggunakan YOLOv8 sebagai pengembangan dari versi sebelumnya. Model yang diperoleh mencapai nilai presisi 0,789 dan nilai recall 0,959, yang mengindikasikan jumlah prediksi positif yang lebih tinggi. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa model ini secara efektif mendeteksi dan menghitung jumlah objek, berdasarkan penggunaan YOLOv8 untuk prediksi dan penghitungan pohon kelapa sawit yang cepat dan dapat diandalkan.Kata Kunci: Kelapa Sawit, You Only Look Once (YOLOv8), Citra Satelit, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)
The existence of local products (production/processing) in special economic area of Mandalika Lombok
Authors: Masrun Masrun , Ilhamudin Muhamad
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study is to dig deeply by doing identification of various local products; develop local product development strategies; and explain the advantages and disadvantages of local products in the Mandalika Special Economic Zone. The research was conducted qualitatively, data were obtained from: literature study; field data, through: in-depth interview (indeptinterview), observation, and documentation. The results of the study: 1) Local products in the Mandalika Special Economic Zone are identified, among others: goods/production products, namely culinary, processing products, such as shrimp paste and chips. 2) Local product development strategy in Mandalika Special Economic Zone: promoting through print and online media, developing products that have appeal, cooperation with sthakeholders, provide adequate facilities and infrastructure, local product development (goods/processing) can implement the marketing strategy. 3) Advantages: have a positive impact on the economic conditions of the community/SMEs; the price is relatively affordable for consumer; the existence of district government regulations, village regulations, local regulations (awiq-awiq). Weaknesses: visitors in the Mandalika Special Economic Zone who rame not every time/day; the raw materials are limited; poor business management; promotion/marketing of local products is still lacking; business capital is relatively small; and lack of counseling and field guidance by relevant agencies.
The role of knowledge, sustainable consumption promotion, and consumption intention for sustainable consumption behavior
Authors: Muslimah Lili , Muhyidin Ayi
Published: March 2024

The millennial generation plays a crucial role in making consumer decisions and has significant potential to drive the transformation towards more sustainable consumption patterns. This study aims to investigate the extent to which environmental knowledge and sustainable consumption promotion affect the intention and behavior of sustainable consumption among millennials. To test this framework, we conducted a quantitative research approach by administering an online survey to collect data from 155 millennial respondents. We utilized Structural Equation Modeling to test the proposed hypotheses. The findings of this research indicate that the level of environmental knowledge and sustainable consumption promotion have a significant influence on millennials' intention to adopt sustainable consumption behaviors, which in turn impact actual actions in sustainable consumption. The findings of this research provide valuable insights into how elements such as knowledge and promotion can act as drivers or barriers for millennials in adopting more sustainable consumption patterns. The implications of these findings have great potential in shaping the foundation of more effective strategies and campaigns to encourage sustainable consumption behavior among millennials, while also increasing awareness of pressing environmental issues.
Danish consensus and definition for Advance Care Planning (ACP)
Authors: Neergaard Mette Asbjørn , Helledie Emma , Jørgensen Brita
Published: March 2024

Aim This study aimed to reach national consensus on a Danish term for Advance Care Planning
(ACP) and to translate the English definition into Danish using an internationally accepted
method. Background: Interest exists in incorporating ACP into Danish health care. However,
confusion about the concept has limited the implementation, and ACP has no official Danish term
or definition. Methods: Two sub-studies were conducted: a Delphi study to reach consensus on a
Danish term for ACP, and a systematic forward-backward translation procedure to reach a Danish
definition on ACP. Results In the Delphi study, mails were sent to relevant Danish organisations
and interested persons to reach a ‘snowball effect’ and obtain as many suggestions as possible
for a Danish term for ACP. An expert panel (29 persons) evaluated 78 unique suggestions for
terms in nine Delphi rounds. When 19 suggestions were left, an online meeting was held in the
expert panel to discuss desirable characteristics for the future term before the Delphi rounds
continued until one term was selected. In the 10th round, an abbreviation of the Danish term for
ACP was chosen. In the systematic forward-backward translation procedure, changes to the wording
were made and documented in five steps. A primary focus was placed on ensuring loyalty to the
source text while adapting to cultural norms. Conclusion A Danish consensus term for ACP was
reached, and a structured and culturally adapted definition was made. This work may serve as a
foundation to ensure alignment of term and definition of ACP to support the implementation of
ACP in the Danish healthcare system.
The diagnosis of Prolonged Grief Disorder changes the perception of grief - a discourse
analysis from a nursing perspective
Authors: Gravesen Janni Dahlgaard
Published: March 2024

The purpose of the article is to create a foundation on which the profession can begin its
professional approach to the diagnosis of grief and what opportunities and limitations this
holds from a nursing perspective. Background We are witnessing a historic change in the way
grief is practiced in connection with death, as the diagnosis "Prolonged Grief Disorder" appears
in the diagnosis manual ICD-11 that appears in the latest version published in 2022. Nurses are
considered central actors in the practice of the grief diagnosis. Either in relation to
preventive measures or by identifying those suffering from complicated grief by referring them
to appropriate services. Method A Foucault-inspired discourse analysis has been prepared,
exploring how the expression of grief has changed and which societal conditions have supported
the change. Results Pervasive patterns are identified, which are regarded as three discursive
strategies; A love discourse, a psychological adaptation discourse and a diagnostic discourse.
Conclusion Societal ideals have supported the change in the articulation of grief. Nurses can
use the insight into this historical development as well as the critical view built on a social
constructivist point of view as a foundation for positioning themselves scientifically in this
field.
Couple dominance, dark personality traits, and power motivation
Authors: Borráz-León Javier I. , Scrivner Coltan , Schultheiss Oliver C. , Lee Royce , Maestripieri Dario
Published: March 2024

In romantic couples, there is usually an asymmetry in decisional power such that one partner is dominant and the other is subordinate. This study investigated the role of sex, ethnicity, self-assessed social status, personality traits, and power motivation (both explicit and implicit) as potential determinants or correlates of couple dominance in a mixed-sex sample of 50 college students. Through a previously validated questionnaire, participants indicated whether they were dominant or subordinate in their romantic relationship, or whether the latter was egalitarian. Major personality domains, narcissism, psychopathy, borderline, autistic-like traits, and explicit power were assessed through questionnaires. Participants also underwent a Picture Story Exercise to evaluate their implicit motives. Being dominant and having high explicit, but not implicit, power motivation were associated with some psychopathic, narcissistic, and/or borderline traits, while autistic-like traits were associated with being subordinate. Traits such as extraversion, conscientiousness, and honesty-humility had weak associations with couple dominance and/or explicit or implicit power motivation. Our findings have implications for the understanding of dominance dynamics within couples and the relationship between personality traits and power motivation.
Combating Migrant Smuggling by Sea: Analysis of EU Action Plan Against Migrant Smuggling and Standards of Migrant Smuggling Protocol
Authors: Bytyqi Vilard , Zogaj Albert , Veliqi Xhemajl
Published: March 2024

Migrant smuggling is one of the main issues challenging national security systems. This issue also threatens common international security. Migrant smuggling toward European countries is mainly organized through maritime routes. Therefore, to treat this issue in a more focused way, the purpose of this paper is to address the issue of migrant smuggling standards and regulations that are promoted by the Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants, with a special emphasis on migrant smuggling by sea. In addition, this paper aims to address the EU policy regarding the prevention and combating of migrant smuggling by sea. From the data obtained from this study, we can understand that the issue of preventing and combating migrant smuggling by sea is addressed by some standards of the Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants, which has been ratified by 152 of the UN Member States and serves as an important basis to facilitate the prevention and combating of migrant smuggling by sea. Furthermore, the European Union has addressed the issue of migrant smuggling by sea, and based on the findings so far, this issue has become an important part of the EU Security Union Strategy, the EU action plan against migrant smuggling, and several other important documents in the EU. The investigation and prosecution of this form of transnational organized crime requires a coordinated approach between the authorities of the countries whose laws are violated by this form of criminality.
Dialogismo e ironia em São Bernardo, de Graciliano Ramos
Authors: Gonçalves Rogério Gustavo
Published: March 2024

As transformações no discurso do personagem Paulo Honório durante o desenrolar do romance “São Bernardo”, de Graciliano Ramos, é o centro deste estudo, que tenta evidenciar que elas ocorrem concomitantemente às mudanças ocorridas na caracterização psicológica do protagonista. Para desenvolver tal análise, o autor se utiliza das formulações teóricas de Mikhail Bakhtin (1895-1975), para quem a prosa de ficção tem como eixo norteador uma concepção dialógica tanto das ideias quanto da linguagem veiculadas pela narrativa. A partir das definições de Bakhtin, o pesquisador demonstra que o discurso inicialmente convicto e manipulador do protagonista – predominantemente “monológico” – vai se modificando com a crescente interferência da personagem Madalena, o “outro” que porta uma consciência independente e que, aos poucos, acaba tornando o discurso de Paulo Honório, e a própria narrativa do romance, acentuadamente “dialógicos”. O autor identifica os elementos e estratégias discursivas que caracterizam essas duas instâncias no texto, interpretando a interdiscursividade, que se instaura nesse processo de mudança, como uma representação do conflito entre ideologias sociais opostas, que em vários trechos Graciliano trata usando a técnica da ironia, neste caso com forte conotação crítica.
Determination of the seismic structure of the Earth based on joint analysis of gravimetric and seismometric data – a case study
Authors: Karkowska Kamila , Wilde-Piórko Monika , Dykowski Przemysław , Sękowski Marcin , Polkowski Marcin
Published: March 2024

The evolution of the Earth’s surface is driven by external and internal forces, the latter of which can only be studied indirectly. Knowledge about the structure of the Earth’s interior is very important for modeling and predicting the processes occurring at the surface. This study presents a new concept of joint analysis of the gravimetric and seismometric recordings of earthquakes for determining the seismic structure of the Earth down to the depth of 1250 km. The proposed method allows the use of gravimetric data without the known full transfer function of the instrument. Group velocity dispersion curves of the fundamental mode of Rayleigh waves up to the period of 550 s are measured based on the joint analysis of the recordings of superconducting gravimeter and broadband seismometers operating at the same location in five testing sites in Europe, allowing for the exploration of a broader response for incoming seismic waves. Averaged dispersion curves for earthquakes around the world for each site are inverted by the weighted linear inversion and Monte Carlo methods to estimate the distribution of shear-wave seismic velocity in the Earth’s mantle. A comparison of the deterministic and probabilistic inversion methods can excellently demonstrate surface waves’ ability to determine the Earth’s mantle structure. The inversion results are compared with the global ak135 seismic model (Kennett et al. 1995) to verify the proposed method.
Visual resource extraction and artistic communication model design based on improved CycleGAN algorithm
Authors: Yang Anyu , Kashif Hanif Muhammad
Published: March 2024

Through the application of computer vision and deep learning methodologies, real-time style transfer of images becomes achievable. This process involves the fusion of diverse artistic elements into a single image, resulting in the creation of innovative pieces of art. This article centers its focus on image style transfer within the realm of art education and introduces an ATT-CycleGAN model enriched with an attention mechanism to enhance the quality and precision of style conversion. The framework enhances the generators within CycleGAN. At first, images undergo encoder downsampling before entering the intermediate transformation model. In this intermediate transformation model, feature maps are acquired through four encoding residual blocks, which are subsequently input into an attention module. Channel attention is incorporated through multi-weight optimization achieved via global max-pooling and global average-pooling techniques. During the model’s training process, transfer learning techniques are employed to improve model parameter initialization, enhancing training efficiency. Experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed model in image style transfer across various categories. In comparison to the traditional CycleGAN model, it exhibits a notable increase in structural similarity index measure (SSIM) and peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) metrics. Specifically, on the Places365 and selfi2anime datasets, compared with the traditional CycleGAN model, SSIM is increased by 3.19% and 1.31% respectively, and PSNR is increased by 10.16% and 5.02% respectively. These findings provide valuable algorithmic support and crucial references for future research in the fields of art education, image segmentation, and style transfer.
Validation of CDC45 as a novel biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of gastric cancer
Authors: Wu Lihua , Gao Gan , Mi Hui , Luo Zhou , Wang Zheng , Liu Yongdong , Wu Liangyan , Long Haihua , Shen Yongqi
Published: March 2024

Background

Cell division cycle protein 45 (CDC45) has been demonstrated to play vital roles in the progression of various malignancies. However, the clinical significance of CDC45 in gastric cancer (GC) remains unreported.

Method

In this study, we employed the TCGA database and the TCGA & GTEx dataset to compare the mRNA expression levels of CDC45 between gastric cancer tissues and adjacent or normal tissues (p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant), which was further validated in multiple datasets including GSE13911, GSE29272, GSE118916, GSE66229, as well as RT-qPCR. Furthermore, we harnessed the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) to evaluate the protein expression of CDC45, which was subsequently verified through immunohistochemistry (IHC). To ascertain the diagnostic utility of CDC45, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) were calculated in TCGA database, and further validated it in TCGA & GTEx and GSE66229 datasets. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to reveal the prognostic importance of CDC45 in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and authenticated through the GSE66229, GSE84433, and GSE84437 datasets. Through cBioPortal, we identified co-expressed genes of CDC45, and pursued enrichment analysis. Additionally, we availed gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to annotate the biological functions of CDC45.

Results

Differential expression analysis revealed that CDC45 was significantly upregulated at both the mRNA and protein levels in GC (all p < 0.05). Remarkably, CDC45 emerged as a promising prognostic indicator and a novel diagnostic biomarker for GC. In a comprehensive the drug susceptibility analysis, we found that patients with high expression of CDC45 had high sensitivity to various chemotherapeutic agents, among which 5-fluorouracil, docetaxel, cisplatin, and elesclomol were most evident. Furthermore, our findings suggested a plausible association between CDC45 and immune cell infiltration. Enrichment analysis revealed that CDC45 and its associated genes may play crucial roles in muscle biofunction, whereas GSEA demonstrated significant enrichment of gene sets pertaining to G protein-coupled receptor ligand binding and G alpha (i) signaling events.

Conclusion

Our study elucidates that upregulation of CDC45 is intricately associated with immune cell infiltration and holds promising potential as a favorable prognostic marker and a novel diagnostic biomarker for GC.
Assessment on the Utilization of Completed Basic Education Research Fund in SOCSARGEN: Basis for Policy Enhancement
Authors: Libdan Ildefonso , Robles Ava Clare Marie , Cornelio Cornelio
Published: March 2024

An assessment of the utilization of the Completed Basic Education Research Fund (BERF) in the divisions of South Cotabato, Sarangani, and General Santos City, Philippines, was conducted using a descriptive-correlational research design on the 40 BERF-recipient, teacher-researchers from School Year 2019-2021. It looked into whether the utilization had a significant influence on the proficiency of learners. The quantitative results revealed that completed BERF research was moderately utilized. Likewise, learners' proficiency in the recipient school during the first quarter of School Year 2022-23 was very satisfactory. Furthermore, using a Spearman Rank correlation, the variables in utilizing completed BERF did not significantly influence learners' proficiency in the recipient school. It can be seen that the research findings may not have reached the intended audience in a way that is accessible, understandable, and relevant to their needs. Accordingly, the learners had a very satisfactory performance. This can be attributed to their improved digital skills during the pandemic may have contributed to their face-to-face classes’ performance. The translation of research findings into actionable strategies and interventions was likely affected by other concerns in school management. Therefore, it is imperative to guarantee that the research supported by BERF closely corresponds with the unique requirements and difficulties students face in the school system.
Análisis de la Estrategia Nacional de Hidrógeno Verde en Chile
Authors:   , Soto Berindoague Camila María
Published: March 2024

El hidrógeno verde surge como una apuesta de vector energético, proponiéndose distintas estrategias internacionales para su desarrollo, entre ellas la de Chile. Considerando esto, el objetivo principal de este trabajo es revisar las barreras y oportunidades de la Estrategia Nacional de Hidrógeno Verde en Chile. En primer lugar, se realizó un análisis cualitativo para caracterizar el contexto nacional e internacional del desarrollo de la industria del hidrógeno verde, a partir de un análisis PESTEL y FODA. Posteriormente, se desarrolló un análisis cuantitativo, evaluando técnica y económicamente una planta de hidrógeno verde referencial, considerando dos escenarios: conectado y desconectado de la red. Los resultados muestran que la principal condición habilitante en Chile para la producción de hidrógeno verde es su alto potencial de generación renovable. No obstante, las proyecciones para lograr el desarrollo de la industria nacional y la exportación a largo plazo, dependen de las condiciones del entorno, asociados a la disminución de los costos de la tecnología, la gobernanza y los procesos de certificación. Finalmente, los objetivos de la Estrategia deben definir una hoja de ruta multidisciplinaria que habilite un avance sustentable y disminuya la incertidumbre de la inversión en torno a la industria del hidrógeno verde en Chile.
Serum Vitamin D Levels and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Shet Shilpa K , Gowdra Aruna , Vishwanath HL , Ravi K
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is the most common noncommunicable disease and the fifth leading cause of death worldwide. Recent research has demonstrated that low Vitamin D levels and high Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) in middle-aged and elderly populations represent a risk factor for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Aim: To estimate the Vitamin D and VEGF levels in study subjects with T2DM and healthy controls and to correlate the Vitamin D level and VEGF with HbA1c % in study subjects with T2DM. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken from October 2014 to November 2016 at the Department of Medicine in collaboration with the Department of Biochemistry, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bangalore. The study included 50 T2DM subjects on oral hypoglycaemic agents for five years and 50 age and sexmatched healthy controls selected randomly from the general population. In all the study subjects, Random Blood Glucose (RBG), LFT, Renal Function Test (RFT), HBA1c, serum Vitamin D, and serum VEGF were estimated. Student t-test and Chisquare/Fisher-Exact test were used to find the significance of study parameters between cases and controls. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to assess the risk factors for DM. Results: The mean age of the cases was 50.9±9.7 years and of controls was 49.76±7.7 years. Among the 50 cases, 19 (38%) were men and 31 (62%) were women. Among the 50 controls, 27 (54%) were men and 23 (46%) were women. The mean Body Mass Index (BMI) among cases was 27.21±4.59 and in controls was 24.82±2.63 (p-value=0.0016). The mean serum 25(OH) Vitamin D levels in cases were 11.39±3.32 ng/mL and in controls were 28.06±11.14 ng/mL (p-value <0.001). The mean serum VEGF levels in cases were 97.52±16.96 pg/mL and in controls were 56.37±17.74 pg/mL (p-value <0.001). Conclusion: The present study found that subjects with T2DM have lower serum 25(OH) Vitamin D levels and higher serum VEGF levels than those without T2DM. Serum Vitamin D decreases and serum VEGF-A levels increase with increasing HbA1c%, correlating with vascular complications.
Crown Lengthening by Conventional Diode Laser and Blue Laser: A Randomised Clinical Trial
Authors: Penmetsa Gautami Subhadra , Srividya Inti , Raju MAKV , Lahari Karuturi , Ramaraju Alluri V , Mohana Kondapally
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Crown lengthening is a reliable procedure that enables the restoration of teeth with a short clinical crown, extensive subgingival caries, and correction of excessive gingival display for aesthetic purposes. Blue laser, a recent technology in dentistry, has shown significant effectiveness at low power settings, promoting favourable wound healing effects. Aim: To compare the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores and wound healing outcomes between blue laser and denlase in performing crown lengthening procedures. Materials and Methods: A randomised clinical trial was conducted in the Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Vishnu Dental College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India, involving 14 patients who were divided into two groups. Participants were recruited from September 2021 to April 2022. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Ethics and Review Board. Group-A underwent crown lengthening using blue laser (445 nm), while Group-B received treatment with denlase (980 nm). VAS scores and the wound healing index were recorded and compared between the two groups at baseline, 10 days, and one month after the surgery. Statistical tests such as the Mann-Whitney U test, unpaired t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA were used for analysis. Results: The study revealed a statistically significant difference (p-value=0.006) in VAS scores between the blue laser group (mean value of 0.5) and the denlase group (mean value of 1.3). However, statistically significant differences in Wachtel’s early wound healing index were not observed in either of the groups. Conclusion: Blue laser treatment was found to be more comfortable for patients, as indicated by the lower VAS scores. Both groups demonstrated good wound healing properties based on Wachtel’s early wound healing index, with no significant difference between them. It is important to note that literature on blue laser technology is still in its early stages and requires further comprehensive investigation.
Impact Assessment of Water Users’ Co-operatives Initiative on Farms Returns in Bhadra Command Area of Shivamogga District, Karnataka, India
Authors: Seemakowsar, N.  , Ramu M. S.  , Sadhana, H. S.  , Nayana H. N
Published: March 2024

The present study was undertaken in Southern Transition Zone of Karnataka to estimate the impact of water users’ cooperatives (WUCs) initiative on returns realized by farmers in study area. Four villages of Bhadravathi taluk were selected, two having active WUCs i.e Kagekodamagge and Dananayakapura and remaining two having flaccid WUCs i.e Sriramanagara and Tiplapura. The required data was collected from 30 farmers from each WUCs. The net returns per ha for Arecanut (A), Arecanut+Coconut (A+C), Arecanut+Coconut+Banana (A+C+B), paddy and sugarcane was higher in farms under active water users’ co-operatives (Rs.6,45,094, Rs.7,07,192, Rs.8,08,093, Rs.8,166 and Rs.54,931) than flaccid water users’ co-operatives (Rs.4,26,072, Rs.4,50,459, Rs.5,28,057, Rs.7,284 and Rs.39,740). This can be mainly attributed to equitable distribution of water from head reach to tail reach along the canal in active water users’ cooperatives. For A, A+C and A+C+B cropping systems there was not much difference in net returns per ha between head reach (Rs. 4,76,100, Rs. 5,16,378 and Rs. 5,82,923 respectively) and tail reach (Rs. 4,31,215, Rs. 4,70,616 and Rs. 5,33,816 respectively) farmers of active water users’ co-operatives. Whereas in areas under flaccid water users’ co-operatives, the net returns per ha for head reach farmers was higher by Rs. 52,553, Rs. 64,142 and Rs. 1,45,721 over the tail reach farmers. The results from the study draw attention for the need of activating flaccid WUCs and establishing new WUCs in command areas to achieve higher net returns by all farmers along the canal.
Challenges in Millennials Investment Decision: A Study of Behavioural Biases
Authors: Fatkhurrozi Muhammad , Innayah Maulida Nurul , Tubastuvi Naelati , Ikhsani Mastur Mujib
Published: March 2024

Aims: This research aimed to analyze the effect of Cognitive Dissonance Bias, Overconfidence Bias, Herding Bias, Endowment Bias, and Confirmation Bias on the investment decisions of the millennial generation in the capital market.
Study Design:  The sampling method used in this study was purposive sampling, which obtained 128 respondents.
Place and Duration of Study: The research was conducted with investors in Banyumas Regency.
Methodology: This research method uses the SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) analysis method with the Partial Least Square (PLS) approach. Each hypothesis is tested to understand the relationship between variables. To test the validity and reliability of research using an outer model. Hypothesis testing uses inner models.
Results: The results of this study showed that cognitive dissonance bias, overconfidence bias, and endowment bias have an effect on investment decisions. However, herding bias and confirmation bias do not affect investment decisions.
Conclusion: To increase investment opportunities, investors must pay attention to cognitive dissonance bias, overconfidence bias, and endowment bias because they can cause investment failure. Investors must also pay attention to information circulating in the media because analysis needs the latest information on investment transaction targets to avoid investment failure.
Health Risks Assessment of Heavy Metal Concentration in Cultured Chanos chanos (Bangus) and Scylla serrata (Mudcrab) in Selected Municipalities in Northern Samar
Authors: Erivera Jaymar L. , Alvarez Ma. Lourdes C. , Abobo Tom Jericho L. , Diaz Kristine Rainiel L. , Manla May C. , Lim Karina Milagros C.
Published: March 2024

One of the common problem in fishponds is heavy metal contamination. Though there are some heavy metal elements that are naturally occurring, but due to human activities, their concentration goes beyond what is normal. In this study, health risks analysis using Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), Total Hazard Quotient (THQ), Target Cancer Risk (TCR) were done to assess if the quantities of the heavy metals, such as: Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Lead, and Mercury, impose risks to consumer. Arsenic had the highest concentration among all other heavy metals in crab aligue, having 46.83 mg/kg. The consumption of bangus meat may result in an EDI that is greater than PTDI, especially for Arsenic [15.22731-18.10317 μg kg−1 BW d−1]. Similarly, consuming crab aligue may also result to a high EDI for Arsenic [2.48197-5.27841μg kg−1 BW d−1]. THQ was also evaluated as well as the sum of individual heavy metal values which is the Hazard Index (HI) that exceeded to 1 multiple times. In terms of TCR levels, all of the heavy metals exceeded the acceptable limit for cancer risks. Shapiro-Wilk Test had shown non-normal distribution of data for EDI, THQ, and TCR. Spearman’s Correlation Test, meanwhile, suggested that there is a significant relationship between the quantities of heavy metals in bangus meat and crab aligue as well as EDI, THQ, and TCR. In general, based on the health risks assessments (EDI, THQ, and TCR), Arsenic, an established carcinogen, can be the greatest contributor in developing risks and disease, while the varying concentration of Chromium and Cadmium in the samples may also pose risks to consumers. This implies that strict management measures should be implemented to mitigate or lessen the discharge of these heavy metals in the aquatic systems.
Exploring a Pragmatic and Exponential Advancement in the Use of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence Systems
Authors: Mazi Chinedu Chukwuemeka , Anichebe Gregory , Anya Ogechi Ifeoma , Nwanakwaugwu Andrew Chinonso
Published: March 2024

With the advent of the Internet of Things (IoT) with sensors and connected devices, data generation is increasingly peaking at an unprecedented pace. However, energy consumption is also on the rise based on traditional energy sources, such as fossil fuels. This is not sustainable and could hurt the environment while being quite expensive to run e.g., empowering irrigation systems using sensors. In this context, using data as an energy source for future machines could be a promising solution to mitigate the energy crisis and reduce the carbon footprint. The concept of data as a new form of energy will be discussed, examining the benefits and challenges associated with this method. This paper also proposes other potential applications for using data as an energy source, including powering self-driving cars, drones, and smart irrigation systems a data-driven approach.
Prospects of Solar Pump for Irrigation and Household Applications for Climate Resilience in the Coastal Region of Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain M. A. , Hoque M. A. , Kamar S. S. A. , Rahman M. A. , Karim N. N. , Islam M. S. , Ashraf T. , Jahan N. , Kader M. A.
Published: March 2024

Bangladesh is a climate vulnerable and agricultural country. Coastal region of Bangladesh is severely affected by climate change. To mitigate climate, change a solar pump of flow rate 180 liter per minute was designed and tested in farmers’ fields of Kalapara and Galachipa Upazila (sub-district) of Patuakhali district, Barguna Sadar and Amtali Upazila of Barguna district and Char Fasson and Lalmohon Upazila of Bhola district in the coastal region of Bangladesh for irrigating in high value crops like tomato and brinjal using pond/canal water. One solar pump was installed in each Upazila of off-grid area in 2018 and experiments were conducted during 2018-2021. Each solar pump was operated with 1300 Wp photovoltaic panels and the panels were also used for supplying electricity to home appliances and home water supply when the irrigation time was over. In farmers’ fields, water saving irrigation methods such as drip irrigation and alternate furrow irrigation were conducted. The water savings from drip and alternate furrow irrigation methods over famers’ practice (every furrow irrigation) for tomato were 48.79% and 30.39% and those for brinjal were 47% and 35%, respectively. The benefit cost ratio of the demonstrated solar PV system was found to be 1.62 which was higher than low lift diesel pump (1.30). A small solar pump of 0.8 kW reduced 1.76 ton of carbon emission per year than a similar diesel engine operated pump. The farmers in the project areas are using the solar panels for irrigation, lightings, operating fans, supplying drinking water, sanitation and other purposes. Therefore, solar pump is an environment friendly and climate resilient technology with multiple benefits for small holder farmers in the coastal region of Bangladesh.
Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Aromatic Short Grain Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes using PCA and Cluster Analysis
Authors: Chandraker Pratibha , Sharma Bhawana , Parikh Mangla , Saxena Ritu R.
Published: March 2024

A population panel of 90 aromatic short grain rice accessions were evaluated for 26 agro-morphological and quality traits using principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis for the determination of genetic variation pattern, and identification of the major traits contributing to the diversity. First six principal components (PCs) exhibited Eigenvalue more than one with 74.4 per cent of total variability among the 26 characters. The PC1 showed 24.55% while, PC2, PC3, PC4, PC5 and PC6 exhibited 15.48 %, 11.48 %, 9.96 %, 7.89 % and 5.12 % variability, respectively among the accessions for the traits under study. The results of PCA suggested that characters such as effective tillers per plant, number of spikelets per panicle, number of filled spikelets per panicle, spikelet fertility %, milling %, head rice recovery %, kernel length and kernel length after cooking were the principal discriminatory characteristics of aromatic short grain accessions of rice. Seven divergent clusters were formed by UPGMA clustering method. The pattern of group constellation proved the existence of significant amount of variability. The intra cluster distance ranged from 0.00 (cluster VI) to 6.33 (cluster V). The inter cluster distance was maximum between cluster VI and VII (18.854) and minimum between cluster II and cluster IV (7.673). To realize much variability and high heterotic effect, parents should be selected from two clusters having wider inter-cluster distance. Considering the importance of genetic distance and relative contribution of characters towards total divergence, the present study indicated that parental lines selected from cluster VI (IGSR -3-1-5) for number of spikelets per panicle, number of filled spikelets per panicle, grain length, kernel length and length breadth ratio, and from cluster VII (Khasakani, Kolijoha) for effective tillers per plant, 1000 grain weight, grain yield per plant, harvest index, grain breadth, length breadth ratio after cooking and elongation index could be used in crossing programmes to achieve desired segregants.
Unveiling the Impact of Mythimna seperata Walker (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Agriculture: Insights into Host Range Biology and Biological Control: A Review
Authors: Bhat Ab Ahad , Tak Hidayatullah , Ahad Ishtiyaq , War Waseem Ahmad , Rasool Jameela , Sheikh Showkat Ahmad , Malik Ishfaq Majeed
Published: March 2024

The Oriental armyworm scientifically referred to as Mythimna separata poses a significant threat to cereal crops across East Asia, South Asia, and Australia, resulting in notable agricultural losses. Recent reports indicate its widespread presence in 21 Asian countries and its establishment in Europe (Russia) and Oceania (Australia, Cook Islands, Fiji, New Caledonia, Norfolk Island, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, and Vanuatu). M. separata undergoes a comprehensive metamorphic life cycle, progressing through stages of egg, larva, pupa, and adult. The larvae are highly voracious, causing significant harm to diverse crops This pest targets a wide range of host plants spanning 18 families, with the majority belonging to Poaceae (44 species), Brassicaceae (10), Cucurbitaceae (9), and Fabaceae (8), exacerbating agricultural damages. The voracious feeding habits of M. separata larvae lead to significant crop damage and reduced yields across various crops. Its adaptability to diverse environments and broad host range further amplifies its impact on agriculture. The challenges in predicting and controlling outbreaks stem from its strong flight capabilities, high reproductive rates of females, and voracious feeding behavior during later larval stages. Traditionally, insecticide application has been the primary method for controlling M. separata. However, concerns regarding health risks, ecological disruptions, rising costs, diminishing efficacy of some products, and adverse effects on non-target organisms and human health highlight the need for environmentally sustainable pest management strategies. Biological control, involving the utilization of natural enemies such as insects, viruses, fungi, bacteria, nematodes, mites, and spiders, has emerged as a vital approach for managing insect pests while preserving ecological balance. Given the complex challenges posed by M. separata, implementing a holistic approach that integrates biological control methods holds promise for effective pest management. This approach aligns with principles of environmental sustainability and biodiversity conservation within agro-ecosystems.
Over-Expression of EFNA2 in Lung Adenocarcinoma: EFNA2 Gene Expression Correlates with Shortened Survival
Authors: Liu Chunmei , Wu Yanjiao , Zhou Huandi , Ge Xiaohui , Chang Xiaojing , Wang Guohui , Xue Xiaoying
Published: March 2024

Background: The incidence of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is increasing worldwide with different prognosis. Ephrin-A2（EFNA2), a member of the Eph/ephrin family, is associated with tumor progression. However, the correlations of EFNA2 with prognosis in LUAD remain unclear. The   purpose of this article is to analyze the impact of EFNA2 on the prognosis of LUAD patients through TCGA, Oncomine, and GEPIA databases, and to explore its possible mechanisms.
Methods: This article found a significant correlation between EFNA2 and shortened survival in  LUAD patients through TCGA, Oncomine, and GEPIA database analysis. Therefore, we further   invested the relationship between the expression and prognostic value of the EFNA2 gene in LUAD
patients. Sequential data filtering (survival analysis, independent prognostic analysis, and clinicalcorrelation analysis) was performed. EFNA2 expression was analyzed by the Oncomine database and Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER). We evaluated the influence of EFNA2 on clinical prognosis using Kaplan-Meier plotter, the PrognoScan database and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA). The correlation between EFNA2 and cancer immune infiltrates was investigated by TIMER. In addition, correlations between EFNA2 expression and gene marker sets of immune infiltrates were analyzed by TIMER and GEPIA. In addition, gene enrichment analysis was performed by Metascape. Finally, a co-expression analysis was performed by the Oncomine database.
Results: A cohort of LUAD patients showed that high EFNA2 expression was associated with poorer overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS) by TCGA, and EFNA2 was significantly associated with stage in LUAD. In addition, EFNA2 expression was positively correlated with infiltrating levels of B cells and CD8+ T cells. Moreover, the differential expression of EFNA2 was significantly higher in lung adenocarcinoma compared with that in normal controls. Specifically, EFNA2 was positively associated with ADAMTSL5, REEP6, PCSK4, C19orf25, and ANAPC2.
Conclusions: Our data indicate that EFNA2 is a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and a promising molecular therapeutic target to attenuate LUAD progression.