bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Values as a Predictor of Political Trust and Readiness for Political Behavior among Russian Youth
Authors: Fedotova V. A.
Published: April 2022

Russian and foreign scientists have repeatedly noted a decline in public confidence in the government and most political institutions. This article studies the phenomenon of political trust and readiness for political behavior in terms of value orientations among Russian youth. The study carried out diagnostics of the young generation of Russians living in different regions of the Russian Federation, aged 18 to 34 years (n=291). The following were used as methodological tools: scales of political trust (O. A. Gulevich, I. R. Sarieva, 2020); the scale of readiness to participate in political activity (S. Pattyn et al., 2012; J. Van Assche et al., 2018, 2019) and the PVQ-R method for measuring individual values (Schwartz et al., 2012). It was noted that the representatives of Russian youth have a tendency towards social cynicism rather than political trust. It was found that the values of public safety and universalism increase the desire to take part in street actions, in the work of political parties, and encourage participation in signing collective petitions and voting in elections. The values of reputation and benevolence have the strongest influence on trust in authority.
Digitalization of Entrepreneurial Activity as a Smart-Enterprises Model Transition Strategy
Authors: Cybovskiy Viktor
Published: April 2022

The modern dynamic development of the global economic system depends on many factors, but the phenomenon of digitalization plays a major role in this process. The phenomenon covers techniques and technologies, households and enterprises, management and production, as well as various aspects of society in general, i.e. everything from digital identity cards to cryptocurrencies. After three major industrial revolutions of the XVIII–XX centuries, the modern society is entering the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. It is based on advanced information and communication technologies, databases, and artificial intelligence. These technologies open up enormous opportunities for the modern entrepreneur to increase productivity, competitiveness, and added value. Artificial intelligence and new generations of robots will eventually lead to smart enterprises and the so-called Industry 4.0. Entrepreneurs must adapt to the new situation by introducing digitalization business strategies into their production and economic activities. This research features the digitalization of entrepreneurial activity in the global economic system. The research objective was to identify the main factors that affect the development of smart enterprises. It featured factors and structuring tools that develop digitalization business strategies. The author defined the concept of digitalization in the activities of business entities at the present stage of global economy and established the development factors, as well as the tendencies of the formation of smart enterprises. The research relied on standard methods of gaining scientific knowledge to define various aspects of digitalization in connection with the development of smart enterprises and the policy of Industry 4.0. The study clarified the term of digitalization as a multidimensional process that brings the real and virtual world together, thus becoming the main driver of innovation and changes in the economy. Its development depends on many different factors, which can be structured as follows: 1) The Internet of Things and The Internet of Everything; 2) ubiquitous connectivity (hyperconnectivity); 3) cloud-based apps and services; 4) big data analytics and big data as a service; 5) automation and robotization; 6) multichannel and all-channel models of distribution of goods and services. The leading trends in digitalization and smart enterprises included the change in management, transition to strategic management, convergence of multidimensional technologies, and modernization of human capital.
Management of Personnel Innovation Activity in the Digital Transformation of Small and Medium-Sized Businesses
Authors: Shpak Yuliya , Abramov Viktor
Published: April 2022

he paper introduces a new methodology for assessing the innovation activity of personnel for small and medium-sized businesses. It also contains a review of approaches to the concept of innovation activity, which includes generation of new ideas, self-development of professional competences, engagement in innovative activity, implementation of innovations via intrafirm communications, transfer of latent knowledge, etc. The hypothesis is that that a more effective management of innovation activity can elevate companies to a qualitatively new level. The new methodology allows organizations to identify problems in the spheres of innovations and personnel, as well as to eliminate various inconsistencies. The author gives some useful recommendations on how to turn personnel innovation activity into innovative products during the digital transformation of small and medium businesses. Eventually, a more effective management of innovation activity increases competitiveness and flexibility in the market.
CEO Career and Professional Management Technologies
Authors: Hudyakova Tat'yana , Gasanova Renata , Stepanova Ol'ga , Tokar' Oksana , Arpenteva Mariyam , Shpakovskaya Elena
Published: April 2022

The problem of CEO professionalism remains quite acute in the period of transition from postmodern to post-postmodern, from managerialism to direct democracy and intensive subjective management. Managerialists destroy many organizations, which need to be restored, harmonized, and optimized. Career status often clashes with professional development. This problem requires extensive theoretical and practical research aimed at testing the effects, possibilities, and limitations of career management technologies. Socio-psychological technologies are effective control tools for planning a managerial career. They harmonize the processes and results of one's professional labor activity and career path, as well as one's development as a personality, a business partner, and a professional as a multi-level and multidimensional correlation in a specific chronotope. Socio-psychological technologies find optimal, consensual, and synergistic solutions that develop the entire system and its individual components. Modern career management technologies are useless outside the new management model and can even turn destructive. The research objective was to apply analysis and synthesis to the problems of developing, testing, and applying new technology for managing CEO career and professional development. The research revealed that the success of CEO career support lies in the integrity of technologies and support programs.
Transformation of Consumer's Role in Marketing Evolution
Authors: Gercik Vera
Published: April 2022

The article features the changes in business environment that bring about new approaches to marketing. The role of the consumer undergoes various transformations as a result of the marketing evolution. This study focuses on the consumer as a holistic person, their role in the activities of an enterprise, and the evolution of marketing concepts. The author interprets the concept of relationship marketing and the approach to consumers as participants in joint creativity. The research relied on the data from the official website of the Lugansk Pipe Fittings Plant, which describes its self-positioning, corporate values, etc. The author believes that vision, values, environmental awareness, and consumer safety of the company can affect the worldview of the consumer. This approach strengthens the credibility and strategic future of the company. The article will be of interest to specialists in marketing, management, and sustainable development.
Financial Strategy of the Enterprise: Theoretical Prerequisites and Instruments
Authors: Tsvettsykh Aleksandr , Lyachin Vladimir
Published: April 2022

The modern market environment of the agro-industrial business, despite the obvious increase in its investment attractiveness, is characterized by high variability and unpredictability of external factors. Therefore, strategic development is of particular importance. Strategic development of agro-industrial enterprises should be based on such tools as special financial strategy planning, which provides sustainable development. The present article introduces the problem of sustainable development based on a special financial strategy and aimed at increasing the financial stability of the enterprise. The research objective was to substantiate the methodological provisions for an industry-based financial strategy, as well as to define the philosophical essence of the concept of enterprise sustainability and the features of long-term strategic financial planning. The research relied on statistical method, expert assessment, factor analysis, abstract logical method, and linear programming. The article features an algorithm for financial strategy development. Further research will focus on the practical implementation of the algorithm.
Whistleblowing System Deployment using ITIL v3 Framework
Authors: Hakiem Nashrul , Wardhani Luh Kesuma , Wahyu Fajar Nugraha , Anggraini Nenny , Shofi Imam Marzuki , Setiadi Yudi
Published: April 2022

The Indonesian government has been urged to implement Whistleblowing systems for public services in order to achieve integrity zone development. Almost all service desk software provides user convenience as well as manages the service process in an organisation using standards based on the Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) v3. The service operation of Whistleblowing systems and the service desk systems are almost the same. However, currently only a few studies have examined the implementation of Whistleblowing systems which uses such a framework in a public higher education institution. The aim of this study is to design and develop a Whistleblowing system which is expected to fulfil the IT Service Management (ITSM) standard and to perform an integration process amongst the community and students. The software was designed and tested in the Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta using the ITIL v3 standards. The result showed that the efficiency parameter value produced a page speed point of 91 % (A). The minimum score was 91 % (A) and the fully loaded time was 2.4 seconds. A portability test showed a value of 100 % for the mobile-friendly score while the reliability test with a stress test also showed at 100 %. The alpha testing result was a very good predicate while beta testing received an acceptable score, good category, and classified as grade C. In conclusion, based on the abovementioned tests, this shows that the system can be used to manage student services, lecturers and staff, as well as to integrate the current service within the community.
Multi-objective operational optimization toward improved resilience in water distribution systems
Authors: Zhang Chao , Liu Haixing , Pei Shengwei , Zhao Mengke , Zhou Huicheng
Published: April 2022

Resilience has currently attracted increasing interest in the optimization of water distribution systems (WDSs). Most research mainly focuses on optimal design problems. However, the system operation has not been investigated adequately regarding resilience. Therefore, we proposed an integral format of the demand-weighted modified resilience index (IMRI), which can capture the overall resilient performance throughout the operational period. This indicator was incorporated into the multi-objective operation optimization model as one of the objectives. Two benchmark networks were considered as case studies. The resulting Pareto fronts show a clear competing relationship between cost and resilience. Operating conditions in pumps, reservoirs and tanks at each regulation step were characterized by methods of resilience decomposition, which proved valuable intuitively for resilience regulation. A framework for explicit resilience assessment was also developed to examine directly the overall performance in statistics about those optimal solutions obtained. Explicit resilience results show that the IMRI can effectively quantify the resilience of system operation in the temporal dimension. Furthermore, scheduling more pumps, higher trigger-on levels of tanks and a wider range of trigger-level control could yield a more resilient solution to the operation of WDSs.
Groundwater dynamic influenced by intense anthropogenic activities in a dried-up river oasis of Central Asia
Authors: Wang Wanrui , Chen Yaning , Chen Yapeng , Wang Weihua , Zhang Tianju , Qin Jingxiu
Published: April 2022

Intense anthropogenic activities in arid areas have great impacts on groundwater process by causing river dried-up and phreatic decline. Groundwater recharge and discharge have become hot spot in the dried-up river oases of arid regions, but are not well known, challenging water and ecological security. This study applied a stable isotope and end-member mixing analysis method to quantify shallow groundwater sources and interpret groundwater processes using data from 186 water samples in the Wei-Ku Oasis of central Asia. Results showed that shallow groundwater (well depth < 20 m) was mainly supplied by surface water and lateral groundwater flow from upstream, accounting for 88 and 12%, respectively, implying surface water was the dominant source. Stable isotopes and TDS showed obviously spatiotemporal dynamic. Shallow groundwater TDS increased from northwest to southeast, while the spatial variation trend of groundwater δ18O was not obvious. Surface water and groundwater in non-flood season had higher values of stable isotopes and TDS than those in flood season. Anthropogenic activities greatly affect groundwater dynamics, where land-cover change and groundwater overexploitation are the main driving factors. The findings would be useful for further understanding groundwater sources and cycling, and help restore groundwater level and desert ecosystem in the arid region.
Improvement in adsorption of Hg2+ from aqueous media using sodium-type fine zeolite grains
Authors: Ogata Fumihiko , Nagai Noriaki , Ito Chihiro , Kobayashi Yuhei , Yamaguchi Mizuki , Tabuchi Ayako , Saenjum Chalermpong , Nakamura Takehiro , Kawasaki Naohito
Published: April 2022

To increase the adsorption capability of Hg2+ from aqueous media, we prepared sodium-type fine zeolite grains with various particle sizes (denoted as ZE1, ZE2 and ZE3). The particle sizes of ZE1, ZE2 and ZE3 were 16.363 ± 0.365, 1.454 ± 0.357 and 0.607 ± 0.377 μm, respectively. Moreover, the CEC, specific surface area and pore volume were in the order ZE1 (42 mmol/g and 23.5 m2/g) < ZE2 (72 mmol/g and 67.1 m2/g) < ZE3 (135 mmol/g and 176.6 m2/g). Subsequently, the Hg2+ adsorption capability was investigated. The performance of tested agents on Hg2+ adsorbed was in the order ZE1 (5.0 mg/g) < ZE2 (9.4 mg/g) < ZE3 (20.2 mg/g). It was concluded that fine crystalline zeolite was important in enhancing the adsorption capability of Hg2+. In addition, the mechanism of adsorption of Hg2+ on the ZE samples was evaluated. Our results suggested that Hg2+ was exchanged with sodium ions in the interlayers of ZE samples with correlation coefficients of 0.966–0.979. Our findings revealed that these ZE samples constitute potential agents for the adsorption of Hg2+ from aqueous media.
Remote magnetic navigation for treatment of patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Beloborodov V.V. , Shabanov V.V. , Yelemessov N.A. , Filippenko A.G. , Mikheenko I.L. , Fisher E.V. , Romanov A.B.
Published: April 2022

Atrial fibrillation (AF) remains an important medical and social health problem occupying a leading position among all cardiac arrhythmias in clinical practice. AF increases overall mortality by 1.9 times and the risk of stroke by 5 times, leads to disability among the working-age population, and reduces the quality of life.
Pulmonary veins isolation is the main approach in the treatment of AF symptomatic patients who are resistant to antiarrhythmic therapy. However, the use of this technique is associated with the need for long-term use of fluoroscopy and monitoring of the contact force of the ablation catheter with the heart tissue for an effective and safe exposure on the arrhythmia substrate. In addition, the complication rate can reach up to 5% even when using non-fluoroscopic navigation systems.
Over the past decade, robotic magnetic navigation was established as a safe and effective technology in the treatment of patients with different cardiac arrhythmias. The advantages of this technology are the flexibility and mobility of the ablation catheter to reach difficult areas during ablation procedure, as well as high efficiency and safety, with a low fluoroscopy exposure time. This review analyses the current literature and documents the experience of using robotic magnetic navigation for the treatment of patients with different forms of AF. We conducted searches on Scopus, Web of Science databases and PubMed.
The reviewed studies demonstrated that the use of robotic magnetic navigation is a safe and highly effective method of treating patients with AF. It also helps to reduce the time of fluoroscopy during ablation procedure.
Received 26 August 2021. Revised 21 September 2021. Accepted 22 September 2021.
Funding: This work was carried out within the framework of the state task of Ministry of Health of Russian Federation No. 121031300225-8.
Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Contribution of the authorsConception and study design: V.V. Beloborodov, A.G. Filippenko, A.B. RomanovData collection and analysis: V.V. Beloborodov, N.А. Yelemessov, E.V. Fisher, A.G. Filippenko, V.V. Shabanov, A.B. RomanovStatistical analysis: A.B. Romanov, I.L. MikheenkoDrafting the article: V.V. Beloborodov, A.G. Filippenko, A.B. RomanovCritical revision of the article: A.B. Romanov, I.L. Mikheenko, A.G. Filippenko, V.V. ShabanovFinal approval of the version to be published: V.V. Beloborodov, V.V. Shabanov, N.А. Yelemessov, A.G. Filippenko, I.L. Mikheenko, E.V. Fisher, A.B. Romanov
Clopidogrel in clinical practice for myocardial revascularisation: from the origins to the latest recommendations
Authors: Grazhdankin I.O. , Baystrukov V.I. , Kretov E.I. , Chernyavskiy A.M.
Published: April 2022

Ischaemic heart disease is a common cause of death and disability globally. Myocardial revascularisation is one of the most important components of the complex therapy of atherosclerosis. Clopidogrel has long been an attractive antiplatelet drug in clinical practice. Large amounts of evidence and data for P2Y12 platelet inhibitors support the use of clopidogrel in various clinical situations.The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic features of the drug should be considered in everyday practice. Current guidelines clearly define the place and role of clopidogrel in the treatment of patients before and after revascularisation. This article focuses on various aspects of antiplatelet therapy, considering the patient-related risks, based on the European guidelines for the treatment of patients with acute and chronic coronary syndrome.Received 21 September 2021. Revised 16 October 2021. Accepted 18 October 2021.Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.Contribution of the authors: The authors contributed equally to this article.
The role and therapeutical potential of melatonin in oncology practice
Authors: Eremenko I.I. , Ponomarev V.E. , Polikarpova S.B. , Bogush E.A. , Kirsanov V.Yu. , Zisman B.A. , Davydov M.M.
Published: April 2022

This review describes the available works on four main trends of prospective application and study of melatonin in oncology: the main properties and mechanisms of the antitumor effect of melatonin, melatonin as a direct antitumor agent, melatonin as a drug for the accompanying therapy of psychoemotional disorders and sleep disorders in cancer patients, and melatonin as a drug for the accompanying therapy of chronic pain syndrome in oncology. Currently, researchers focus on fundamental and clinical relationships between circadian rhythms and carcinogenesis, and one of the key problems is the potential of melatonin as an agent capable of interfering with the molecular processes of formation and maintenance of the viability of malignant tumors. An equally important problem is the potential of melatonin in terms of using its physiological properties for the prevention and accompanying therapy of undesirable effects of the main treatment in oncological practice, which is emphasized in this review. The purpose of this review is an unbiased study of the prospects for the multidirectional use of melatonin both as a direct antitumor agent and as a component of complex therapy of concomitant adverse events associated with tumor and the treatment. Based on a detailed analysis of original scientific articles and scientific reviews in the PubMed search system, as well as peer-reviewed Russian journals, authors have made an attempt to characterize the current state of melatonin in oncology based on principles of evidence-based medicine. Authors also suggests and justify key prospects for use of melatonin in oncology practice and the range of studies necessary to clarify its properties and place in the combined therapy of malignant neoplasms.Received 9 July 2021. Revised 18 August 2021. Accepted 19 August 2021.Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.Contribution of the authors Conception and study design: I.I. Eremenko, V.E. Ponomarev Drafting the article: I.I. Eremenko, V.E. Ponomarev, S.B. Polikarpova, E.A. Bogush, V.Yu. Kirsanov, B.A. Zisman, M.M. Davydov Critical revision of the article: I.I. Eremenko, V.E. Ponomarev Final approval of the version to be published: I.I. Eremenko, V.E. Ponomarev, S.B. Polikarpova, E.A. Bogush, V.Yu. Kirsanov, B.A. Zisman, M.M. Davydov
Evaluation of the effectiveness of interventional treatment of ventricular arrhythmias of rare localizations using non-invasive mapping
Authors: Artyukhina E.A. , Yashkov M.V. , Dedukh E.V. , Taymasova I.A. , Revishvili A.Sh.
Published: April 2022

Background. Atypical localization of the focus of ventricular arrhythmias is a rather difficult group for invasive mapping and subsequent radiofrequency ablation. Invasive electroanatomical mapping, multipolar electrophysiological electrodes in combination with electrophysiological study for searching an early zone of arrhythmia focus, and substrate mapping, are aimed to identifying critical areas of the arrhythmia contour. However, there are still situations in which arrhythmia cannot be eliminated, despite the use of these systems. The method of superficial non-invasive mapping of the heart seems to be relevant, which makes it possible to estimate the volume of surgery and select the necessary technology to eliminate arrhythmias.Aim. To compare the effectiveness of interventional treatment of patients with ventricular arrhythmias of atypical localization with and without the use of superficial non-invasive mapping.Methods. The study included 40 patients with ventricular arrhythmias of rare localization. The patients were divided into two groups. Group I included 21 patients who underwent non-invasive superficial and invasive electrophysiological cardiac mapping. Group II included 19 patients who underwent invasive electrophysiological cardiac mapping.Results. Over a follow-up period of 12 months, the freedom from arrhythmia in group I was 76%, in group II — 61%. The total operation time, duration and dose of fluoroscopy were less in group I compared to the group II.Conclusion. The study results demonstrated that the method of non-invasive surface mapping of the heart is highly effective in ventricular arrhythmias of atypical localization. The time of radiofrequency ablation, interventional intervention, fluoroscopy is lower with the use of superficial non-invasive mapping, compared with the control group.
Received 13 July 2021. Revised 20 October 2021. Accepted 9 December 2021.
Funding: This work is supported by a grant of the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 19-15-00406).
Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Contribution of the authorsConception and study design: E.A. Artyukhina, A.Sh. RevishviliData collection and analysis: E.A. Artyukhina, M.V. Yashkov, E.V. Dedukh, I.A. Taymasova, A.Sh. RevishviliStatistical analysis: M.V. YashkovDrafting the article: E.A. Artyukhina, M.V. YashkovCritical revision of the article: E.A. Artyukhina, M.V. Yashkov, A.Sh. RevishviliFinal approval of the version to be published: E.A. Artyukhina, M.V. Yashkov, E.V. Dedukh, I.A. Taymasova, A.Sh. Revishvili
A case report of successful surgical treatment of mitral valve disease 38 years after implantation of ball-valve mechanical prosthesis in aortic position
Authors: Zheltovskii Yu.V. , Batekha V.I. , Peshkov E.V. , Podkamennyy V.A.
Published: April 2022

The application of ball-valve prostheses in clinical practice marked a new age in the treatment of valvular heart pathology. Ball-valve prostheses are made of long-living and hard-wearing materials; however, these properties confer significant disadvantages resulting from the large dimensions and weight, increased pressure gradient and risk of valve thrombosis and systemic embolism. With the advent of more advanced disk structures, the use of ball-valve prostheses was ended.In Russia and other counties, the scientific literature shows an increase in reoperation after implantation of ball-valve prostheses over the long-term, which is associated with the occurrence of another valve defect. The need to replace a functioning ball-valve prosthesis with a modern mechanical or biological prostheses during surgery for another valve is still controversial.We present a case report of a 55-year-old patient with rheumatic mitral stenosis and functional insufficiency of the tricuspid valve, who underwent repeat surgery 38 years after implantation of a ball-valve prosthesis in the aortic position. From the echocardiography findings, the peak transmitral gradient was 16 mm Hg, the average gradient was 5.5 mm Hg, the area was 1.3 cm2 and regurgitation was third-degree. On the tricuspid valve, there was third-degree regurgitation.Adequate hemodynamic parameters of the ball-valve prosthesis (the maximum blood flow rate was 2.65 m/sec, the peak gradient was 30 mm Hg, the average gradient was 18 mm Hg and there was no regurgitation) and the absence of valve-dependent complications enabled us to perform mitral prosthetics and tricuspid valve plastic surgery without replacing the aortic prosthesis, which reduced the operation time and decreased the risk of complications.The patient was examined two years later. The patient’s active lifestyle and adequate hemodynamic parameters proved the rationality of our treatment policy.The reported case indicates that mitral valve defect that develops a long time after aortic valve prosthetics can be treated surgically without the replacement of a ball-valve prosthesis in the case that it has good function.Received 25 July 2021. Revised 22 August 2021. Accepted 23 August 2021.Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.Contribution of the authors: The authors contributed equally to this article.
Implantation of a transcatheter valve in the tricuspid position in a patient with Ebstein's anomaly using the valve-in-valve technique: case report
Authors: Karadzha A.V. , Voitov A.V. , Bogachev-Prokophiev A.V. , Sharifulin R.M. , Tihonova I.I. , Malakhova O.Yu.
Published: April 2022

The article presents the first experience of implantation of the Russian transcatheter prosthesis "MedLab-KT" in the tricuspid position. The procedure was performed on a high-risk patient with a history of five open surgical interventions for Ebstein's anomaly with developed dysfunction of a previously implanted biological prosthesis. Implantation was carried out by transatrial valve-in-valve technique to the position of a biological prosthesis. The postoperative period was uneventful. The presented clinical case showed to the effectiveness and safety of the transcatheter PTFE prosthesis "MedLab-KT" during valve-in-valve implantation in case of dysfunction of the biological prosthesis in the tricuspid position.Received 10 October 2021. Accepted 29 October 2021.Funding: The research was carried out within the state assignment of Ministry of Health of Russian Federation (No. 121032300337-5).Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.Contribution of the authors Literature review: I.I. Tihonova, O.Yu. Malakhova Drafting the article: A.V. Karadzha Critical revision of the article: A.V. Bogachev-Prokophiev, A.V. Voitov, R.M. Sharifulin Surgical treatment: A.V. Voitov, R.M. Sharifulin Final approval of the version to be published: A.V. Karadzha, A.V. Voitov, A.V. Bogachev-Prokophiev, R.M. Sharifulin, I.I. Tihonova, O.Yu. Malakhova
Rupture of posterior meningeal artery aneurysm: case report
Authors: Mamonov N.A. , Goroshchenko S.A. , Rozhchenko L.V. , Samochernykh K.A.
Published: April 2022

An aneurysm of the posterior meningeal artery is a rare pathology. However, rupture of this aneurysm can lead to serious consequences for the patient's health. For the surgical treatment, both microsurgical and endovascular methods are used. A 19-year-old patient was admitted to our hospital on day 21 after suffering a subarachnoid-ventricular hemorrhage from an aneurysm of the right posterior meningeal artery. On admission, the patient complained of a headache. Cerebellar symptoms were noted in the neurological status. According to digital subtraction angiography, the patient had an anastomosis between the posterior meningeal artery and the hypoplastic p1-segment of the right posterior inferior cerebellar artery distal to the aneurysm. Endovascular method was used to occlude the aneurysm with a detachable coil. The patient was discharged on the third day with total regress of neurological symptoms. Control cerebral angiography 3 months later showed thrombosis of the aneurysm with the supporting segment of the parent artery, as well as restructuring of the main blood flow of this basin through the previously hypoplastic posterior inferior cerebellar artery. In the literature, we found only 9 such cases. Endovascular treatment of this pathology is, in our opinion, effective and safe, and the presence of an anastomosis distal to the aneurysm made it possible to avoid disruption of blood supply in the vascular basin of the affected artery.Received 21 September 2021. Revised 11 October 2021. Accepted 18 October 2021.Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.Contribution of the authors: The authors contributed equally to this article.
Socialism: Utilitarian and deontic
Authors: Skempton Simon
Published: April 2022

This article argues that those who advocate the capitalist market system on the basis of the ‘invisiblehand’ or ‘spontaneous order’ belong to a tradition in political philosophy which attempts to find waysto get the most out of a flawed human nature, whereas socialists tend to belong to the opposingtradition which maintains faith in human improvement. The former tradition involves a kind ofconsequentialism in which goodness can be achieved irrespective of people’s intentions, whereas thelatter tradition, with its emphasis on conscious decision making and the ‘good will’, includes Kantiandeontology. Both utilitarian and deontological arguments for socialism are discussed, but it is arguedthat the emphases on human dignity and on deliberate planned action make socialist arguments sitmore comfortably with deontology. This is most clearly the case when socialist thinkers transformKantian monological universality into dialogical and communicative mutuality.
Patient and Health Professional Perceptions of Telemonitoring for Hypertension Management: Qualitative Study
Authors: Baratta Juliana , Brown-Johnson Cati , Safaeinili Nadia , Goldman Rosas Lisa , Palaniappan Latha , Winget Marcy , Mahoney Megan
Published: April 2022

Background

Hypertension is the most prevalent and important risk factor for cardiovascular disease, affecting nearly 50% of the US adult population; however, only 30% of these patients achieve controlled blood pressure (BP). Incorporating strategies into primary care that take into consideration individual patient needs, such as remote BP monitoring, may improve hypertension management.

Objective

From March 2018 to December 2018, Stanford implemented a precision health pilot called Humanwide, which aimed to leverage high-technology and high-touch medicine to tailor individualized care for conditions such as hypertension. We examined multi-stakeholder perceptions of hypertension management in Humanwide to evaluate the program’s acceptability, appropriateness, feasibility, and sustainability.

Methods

We conducted semistructured interviews with 16 patients and 15 health professionals to assess their experiences with hypertension management in Humanwide. We transcribed and analyzed the interviews using a hybrid approach of inductive and deductive analysis to identify common themes around hypertension management and consensus methods to ensure reliability and validity.

Results

A total of 63% (10/16) of the patients and 40% (6/15) of the health professionals mentioned hypertension in the context of Humanwide. These participants reported that remote BP monitoring improved motivation, BP control, and overall clinic efficiency. The health professionals discussed feasibility challenges, including the time needed to analyze BP data and provide individualized feedback, integration of BP data, technological difficulties with the BP cuff, and decreased patient use of remote BP monitoring over time.

Conclusions

Remote BP monitoring for hypertension management in Humanwide was acceptable to patients and health professionals and appropriate for care. Important challenges need to be addressed to improve the feasibility and sustainability of this approach by leveraging team-based care, engaging patients to sustain remote BP monitoring, standardizing electronic medical record integration of BP measurements, and finding more user-friendly BP cuffs.
State-of-the-art Deep Learning Methods on Electrocardiogram Data: A Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Petmezas Georgios , Stefanopoulos Leandros , Kilintzis Vassiis , Tzavelis Andreas , Rogers John A , Katsaggelos Aggelos K , Maglaveras Nicos
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is one of the most common non-invasive diagnostic tools that can provide useful information regarding the patient’s health status. Deep learning (DL) is a current area of intense exploration that leads the way in most attempts to create powerful diagnostic models based on physiological signals.

OBJECTIVE

This paper provides a systematic review of DL methods applied to ECG data for various clinical applications.

METHODS

We identified 230 relevant articles published between January 2020 and December 2021 and provided a complete account of the state-of-the-art DL strategies by reporting on the number and type of hidden layers, the ECG data sources, the data preprocessing techniques, and the data splitting strategies for each one of them.

RESULTS

We provided a complete account of the state-of-the-art DL strategies by reporting on the number and type of hidden layers, the ECG data sources, the data preprocessing techniques, and the data splitting strategies for each one of them. We also present open research problems and point out potential gaps regarding the design and implementation of DL models.

CONCLUSIONS

We expect this review will provide insights into the state-of-the-art DL methods applied to ECG data and point to future directions for research on DL to create robust models that can assist medical experts in clinical decision-making.
Designing Virtual Reality–Based Conversational Agents to Train Clinicians in Verbal De-escalation Skills: Exploratory Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Moore Nathan , Ahmadpour Naseem , Brown Martin , Poronnik Philip , Davids Jennifer
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND

Violence and aggression are significant workplace challenges faced by clinicians worldwide. Traditional methods of training consist of “on-the-job learning” and role-play simulations. Although both approaches can result in improved skill levels, they are not without limitation. Interactive simulations using virtual reality (VR) can complement traditional training processes as a cost-effective, engaging, easily accessible, and flexible training tool.

OBJECTIVE

In this exploratory study, we aimed to determine the feasibility of and barriers to verbal engagement with a virtual agent in the context of the Code Black VR application. Code Black VR is a new interactive VR-based verbal de-escalation trainer that we developed based on the Clinical Training Through VR Design Framework.

METHODS

In total, 28 participants with varying clinical expertise from 4 local hospitals enrolled in the Western Sydney Local Health District Clinical Initiative Nurse program and Transition to Emergency Nursing Programs and participated in 1 of 5 workshops. They completed multiple playthroughs of the Code Black VR verbal de-escalation trainer application and verbally interacted with a virtual agent. We documented observations and poststudy reflection notes. After the playthroughs, the users completed the System Usability Scale and provided written comments on their experience. A thematic analysis was conducted on the results. Data were also obtained through the application itself, which also recorded the total interactions and successfully completed interactions.

RESULTS

The Code Black VR verbal de-escalation training application was well received. The findings reinforced the factors in the existing design framework and identified 3 new factors—motion sickness, perceived value, and privacy—to be considered for future application development.

CONCLUSIONS

Verbal interaction with a virtual agent is feasible for training staff in verbal de-escalation skills. It is an effective medium to supplement clinician training in verbal de-escalation skills. We provide broader design considerations to guide further developments in this area.
Stock Prediction using Neural Networks and Evolution Algorithm
Authors: Paliwal Shekhar , Sharma Shivang
Published: April 2022

Abstract: Various researches and studies have shown that machine learning techniques like neural network have the ability to learn and predict the general trend of stock market. Artificial intelligence and different machine learning techniques have been widely implemented in the field of forecasting stock prices for a long time. However, selecting the best model and best hyperparameters for these models is highly necessary for better accuracy in prediction. Given the huge number of architecture types and hyper-parameters for each model, it is not practical to find the best combination for best accuracy. Therefore, in this research we used evolution algorithm to optimize model architecture and hyper-parameters. Promising results are found in stock prediction. Keywords: Neural Network, Long Short-Term Memory, Recurrent Neural Network, Dense Neural Network, Gated Recurrent Unit, Stock Prediction, Evolution Algorithm.
Atom-Mechanical Hong-Ou-Mandel Interference
Authors: Manukhova Alisa D. , Rakhubovsky Andrey A. , Filip Radim
Published: April 2022

Quantum coupling between mechanical oscillators and atomic gases generating entanglement has been recently experimentally demonstrated using their subsequent interaction with light. The next step is to build a hybrid atom-mechanical quantum gate showing bosonic interference effects of single quanta in the atoms and oscillators. We propose an experimental test of Hong-Ou-Mandel interference between single phononic excitation and single collective excitation of atoms using the optical connection between them. A single optical pulse is sufficient to build a hybrid quantum-nondemolition gate to observe the bunching of such different quanta. The output atomic-mechanical state exhibits a probability of a hybrid bunching effect that proves its nonclassical aspects. This proposal opens a feasible road to broadly test such advanced quantum bunching phenomena in a hybrid system with different specific couplings.
Stock Valuation Analysis in Making Investment Decisions Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hermawan Aditya
Published: April 2022

This study aims to determine which stock valuation model is the most appropriate and to find the intrinsic value of the stock prices of companies affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, one way to calculate the intrinsic value of shares is using fundamental analysis with the Price to Book Value (PBV) and Dividend Discount methods. Models (DDM). The sample for this study was 28 companies from 11 sectoral indices affected by the covid-19 pandemic in the third quarter of 2021. The sampling technique in this study used purposive sampling. The data used is secondary data. The analysis tool uses SPSS 25 software. The results of the research on making investment decisions are the most appropriate to buy stocks that are undervalued (cheap). An accurate stock valuation model is the Dividend Discounted Model (DDM) based on Paired samples T-Test.
Thai Consumers’ Decision to Use Electric Vehicles and the Government Policies
Authors: Koojaroenprasit Sauwaluck , Pumpinyo Sumaree
Published: April 2022

Abstract            This paper aimed to analyze the importance of government policies and the decision to use Electric Vehicles (EV) for Thai consumer. The paper comparing those who use Electric Vehicles to those tend to use soon. Primary data was obtained from questionnaire. The sample size was 415 comprising 224 of those who use EV and 191 of those tend to use EV soon. Methodology employed the t statistics for hypotheses testing between these two groups. The government policies in this study included import tariff reduction, special privileged for EV users and subsidy and or rebate for EV buyers. Among these government policies, both EV users and intended EV users concerned the most importance in the reduction of import tariff and for the hypothesis test showed that these two-sample group emphasized not significantly different in these policies. The policy makers should implement the reduction on import tariff as soon as possible.   Keywords: government policies, EV
Historical Developments of China's Xinjiang Province or Western Region
Authors: Zreik Mohamad
Published: April 2022

In this study, the author examines the history of Xinjiang, which has since become a province of China and a vital component of the mainland's culture. This research is entirely based on secondary sources using historical research methods. In addition to the analytical descriptive technique, the functional approach was allotted. According to the findings, ethnic and religious diversity abounds in Xinjiang. Even though Xinjiang has been the site of several conflicts and invasions, the Silk Road has made it a more vital commercial route for the region's ethnic groups and neighboring countries. Xinjiang's residents followed a variety of faiths, including Zoroastrianism, Buddhism, and Islam.
N. V. Gogol and L. N. Tolstoy: the Continuity of the Epic Tradition
Authors: Andreeva Valeria G.
Published: April 2022

The article raises the issue of L. N. Tolstoy’s creative assimilation of the themes, discoveries and artistic images of N. V. Gogol. Referring mainly to the late period of the writers’ work, the author indicates the parallelism of their path. Tolstoy felt the similarity of philosophical and artistic complexities that confronted him and his predecessor, at a certain moment he admitted that he was following Gogol, “our Pascal.” It is noted that Tolstoy’s great interest in “Selected Passages from Correspondence with Friends” in the late 1880s forced him to rethink Gogol’s work, and turn to the poem “Dead Souls” to find a harmonious pairing of denunciation of modern vices with the thought of the timeliness of repentance and the joy of the coming Resurrection. The article makes a significant comparison of the landlords from Gogol’s poem “Dead Souls” and the officials from Tolstoy’s novel “Resurrection,” it is noted that against the background of the general satirical manner of narration in the poem and the epic novel, the writers turned to the difficult conditions for the survival of the Russian people, from the position of which everything that happens in their artistic worlds is estimated.
Valoración de los niveles de proteína c reactiva y velocidad de sedimentación globular tras artroplastia total de rodilla primaria
Authors: G Borsani , A M Jalil , C A Ferreyra , M Balla
Published: April 2022

INTRODUCCIÓN: El reemplazo total de rodilla (RTR) es uno de los procedimientos ortopédicosquirúrgicos que se realiza con más frecuencia y más costoso en los Estados Unidos.El diagnóstico de infección asociada a implante sigue siendo difícil, particularmente en su etapa agudadebido a la inflamación postoperatoria.La medición de la velocidad de sedimentación globular (VSG) como de la proteína C reactiva (PCR)resultan útiles para diferenciar el aflojamiento séptico del mecánico, detectar complicaciones y monitorearlos efectos del tratamiento.OBJETIVO: Valorar la variabilidad de la respuesta fisiológica de la PCR y la VSG en pacientes adultosque se sometan a un RTR en la Clínica Universitaria Reina Fabiola (CURF), desde julio del año 2020 hastadiciembre de dicho año.Determinar el tiempo de la normalización de los valores de PCR y VSG en el postoperatorio de los pacientes que se sometan a RTR. Comparar los valores de PCR y VSG en las distintastomas, según la edad y el sexo.MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Estudio prospectivo, de diseño observacional, analítico. Se evaluaron una seriede casos de RTR que se registraron en las historias clínicas digitales, en el periodo Julio - diciembre delaño 2020, realizadas todas en la CURF y siempre por el mismo equipo quirúrgico. Se incluyeron a pacientescon artrosis de rodilla (Clasificación Ahlback III-IV).Se analizaron valores de PCR y VSG en el preoperatorio, a los 15, 45 y 90 días post operatorio. Las variablescuantitativas, se evaluaron mediante medidas de posición (media o mediana) y de dispersión (desviaciónestándar o cuartiles). Las variables cualitativas se presentaron con N (%).RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron las mediciones de 18 pacientes, 11 (62%) fueron de sexo masculino y 7(38%) de sexo femenino. La media (desviación estándar, DE) de edad fue de 66.2 (7.97) años.El valor medio (DE) de la PCR preoperatorio fue de 3.3 (1.5) mg/l y a los 90 días de 3.5 (2.0) mg/l; p=0.733.El valor medio (DE) preoperatorio de la VSG fue de 6.2 (3.4) mm/h y de 13.0 (6.7) mm/h a los 90 días;(p=0.016). Los valores medios (DE) de PCR y VSG constataron sus niveles máximos a los 15 días postoperatorio, PCR= 11.0 (7.4) mg/l y VSG = 20.5 (14.5) mm/h.CONCLUSIONES: Al día 90, el 95% y el 44 % de los pacientes de la muestra registró valores normalesde PCR y VSG, presentando niveles máximos a los 15 días post operatorios.Por lo tanto, consideramos que valores de PCR por encima de 5 mg/lt tras 90 días de intervención podríaindicar la posibilidad de complicaciones serias como infecciones o trombosis, no así valores de VSGmayores a 13 mm/h tras 90 días post intervención.