bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Arsenic trioxide versus Realgar-Indigo naturalis formula in non-high-risk acute promyelocytic leukemia: a multicenter, randomized trial
Authors: Chen Shu , Qin Weiwei , Lu Xiaohong , Liu Li , Zheng Yinsuo , Lu Xinhua , Wang Xiaohui , Zhang Xiaojuan , Gong Sha , Wei Suhua , Zhang Huiyun , Ding Hanru , Seifollah Ranjbarha , Li Jing , Zhang Haitao , Wu Di , Abiona Olubukola , He Pengcheng , Zhang Rong , Wald David , Wang Huaiyu
Published: November 2024

Realgar-Indigo Naturalis Formula (RIF) is an oral form of arsenic that is effective against acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). This multicenter, randomized, controlled trial compared the efficacy of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) plus RIF with ATRA plus arsenic trioxide (ATO) in a simplified regimen for non-high-risk APL. Following induction therapy with ATRA and ATO, participants were randomly assigned to receive either ATRA plus ATO or ATRA plus RIF both in a 2-week on 2-week off schedule for consolidation therapy. Once achieving molecular complete remission, the regimen was administered for a total of 6 cycles. All of 108 eligible patients achieved hematological complete remission after induction therapy. The median follow-up time was 29 months. The primary endpoint of two-year disease-free survival was 97% in the ATRA-RIF arm and 98% in the ATRA-ATO arm, respectively. (The ATRA-RIF arm was found to be non-inferior to the ATRA-ATO arm, (P < .01), with a percentage difference of -1% (95%CI, -4.8 to 6.9). No deaths have been observed. Most adverse events were moderate. This study confirms the noninferiority of RIF to ATO for non-high-risk APL, while also offering a more favorable regimen schedule for post-remission therapy. (ClinicalTrials gov. Identifier: as NCT02899169).
Observations of Large-Toothed Ferret Badger (Melogale Personata) in Patharia Hill Reserve Forest at Northeast Bangladesh
Authors: Akhter Tania , Tabassum Nazifa , Hasan Sabit
Published: November 2024

Abstract not available
Bangladesh J. Zool. 52(2): 271-275, 2024
Antimicrobial resistance in the critical care and intensive care units: A clinical consternation
Authors: Sahu Pranamita , Mihsra Sanghamitra , Dubey Debasmita
Published: November 2024

Not available
PELATIHAN CANVA UNTUK SEKOLAH PENGGERAK WILAYAH KABUPATEN MADIUN
Authors: Junaedi Nanang , Utomo Pradityo , Amadi Dwi Nor
Published: November 2024

Canva is an Android-based presentation application, this application is worth considering as an alternative to Microsoft's PowerPoint application, Sekolah Penggerak operators are required to be able to use Windows or Android-based technology, as part of the work which will be useful for increasing individual skills to support Sekolah Penggerak activities in the region District Madiun. This Community Service aims to introduce Canva as part of ICT, where ICT is a basic science generally studied by Sekolah Penggerak operators in carrying out their duties as Administrators. The method used for this Community Service is Lectures, and practicum for 3 days in 2 practicum sessions or as needed. The results of this training are that all training participants can make presentations from the Android-based Canva application for the subjects they teach at the mobilization school Apart from using Android-based applications, they can also make presentations using the web-based Canva application as a companion to the Windows-based presentation application, namely PowerPoint, which is commonly used to this day.
PENGANEKARAGAMAN SAYURAN DI UD OMAH SAYUR SENGKALING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PELAYANAN PENJUALAN DI DESA MULYOAGUNG, KECAMATAN DAU KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Arifin Zainol , Gunawan Cakti Indra , Sasmito Cahyo , Suyani Ida Sugeng , Purwanto
Published: November 2024

"UD Omah Sayur" is a company that markets various kinds of horticultural vegetables and staple foods, such as carrots, spinach, lettuce, onions, chilies, mustard greens, kale, and other vegetables. Starting from being an employee in someone's factory, then leaving and opening his own business, called Omah Sayur."  is Mr. Nur Abdhiza. As the owner of the "UD Omah Sayur started developing "Omah Sayur" and played a direct role as the owner, while the others played roles as employees marketing the vegetables. Promotional media using the Internet is currently very relevant because people are used to looking for personal, company, or agency needs using Internet media. Surveys prove that 50% of home businesses or small and medium businesses already use the Internet as a promotional medium.
Septic embolism of small branches of the pulmonaryartery in the postoperative period in a postpartum woman (clinical observation)
Authors: Krugova L. V. , Zinatullina D. S. , Trukhanova I. G. , Kutyreva Yu. G.
Published: November 2024

Septic complications in obstetric practice are the most important cause of maternal mortality and pregnancy complications; they account for about 15 % of the structure of maternal mortality in the world. It is likely that the incidence of sepsis during pregnancy is estimated inaccurately, which is due to both the provision of an insufficient number of reports and the not always correct interpretation of the clinical picture of the disease. A rare complication of a septic condition in the postpartum period in the form of embolism of small branches of the pulmonary artery indicates a variety of causative infections and risk factors, features of vital functions during pregnancy, features of diagnosis and therapy, as well as insufficient knowledge of the obstetric population regarding various factors of septic complications. The presented rare clinical case of successful treatment of septic embolism in a postoperative woman was analyzed, the main factors leading to this complication were identified, and markers of the complication and the main pathogenetic stages of intensive care were identified. Timely initiation of pathogenetically justified intensive therapy leads to successful treatment of patients with sepsis and septic thromboembolism.
Prevalence and structure of calls from the Moscow emergency medical team to children with stroke
Authors: Khachaturov Y. A. , Plavunov N. F. , Vlasov P. N. , Sidorov A. M. , Kadyshev V. A.
Published: November 2024

The constant increase in cases of arterial ischemic stroke requires the development of algorithms for the diagnosis and management of stroke patients. Currently, there are no effective methods for diagnosing arterial ischemic stroke (AII) in children at the stage of emergency medical care (SMP). In 2020, the Prehospital Stroke Diagnosis Scale (DDI) was developed, which may be the optimal algorithm for prehospital diagnosis of childhood stroke.

The purpose of the study. To determine the optimal algorithm for prehospital diagnosis of arterial ischemic stroke in children. Objectives of the study: To determine the frequency of occurrence of «masks» of stroke and separately migraine in the structure of cases of hospitalization with suspected ONMC. To evaluate cases of hospitalization with confirmed diagnoses of ischemic stroke and migraine on the DDI Scale. To determine the statistical indicators of the effectiveness of the DDI Scale as the optimal algorithm for prehospital diagnosis of stroke in children.

Materials and methods. 401 cases of hospitalization of children to the Center via the NSR channel with symptoms of ONMC for the period from June 2023 to June 2024 were analyzed. All patients were evaluated by the staff of the NSR and the doctors of the Center on the DDI scale. Statistical data on the effectiveness of the DDI Scale are determined.

The results of the study. «Masks» of stroke in the structure of cases of hospitalization with suspected ONMC are detected in 94.26 %. Migraine is the main «mask» of AII and is detected in 69 % of cases of stroke «masks» and in 65.05 % of cases among all children with suspected ONMC. High indicators of the effectiveness of the DDI Scale in the differential diagnosis of AII and migraine in children have been established: sensitivity 96 % and specificity 95 %.

Conclusion. Thus, the DDI scale can be used as an effective algorithm for diagnosing AII in children, used by NSR staff.
Abstracts of the forum with international participation «Emergency medical care: modern strategies and innovations»
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: November 2024

.
INVESTMENT STRATEGIES OF RUSSIAN INVESTORS UNDER THE EXPOSURE TO NEWS SHOCKS: EVENT STUDY METHODOLOGY
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation, YASTREBOVA S.S.
Published: November 2024

In this paper an issue of assessing the reactions of Russian investors in the stock market to news shocks in an industry context is considered. The problem of studying investors' reactions to news shocks is related to the difficulty of tracking the effect of publishing news that can announce the probability of an event. In order to determine the reactions in the form of investors’ actions stimulated by news publications, it is necessary to consider a short period of time both before and after the occurrence of a news event. This effect can be clearly determined in a stock market, where it is important for investors to make fast decisions on buying and selling shares after the news publication. The purpose of this paper is to explain the impact of news shocks on investors’ behavior strategies. Within the framework of this paper, solutions to the following tasks are presented: - Specific characteristics of investors’ behavior in the stock market are determined; - The impact of news shocks on investors’ behavior has been determined; - An intersectoral analysis of changes in investment strategies on the Moscow Stock Exchange under the influence of news shocks was carried out; - Investment strategies of Russian investors under the influence of shocks are characterized. In this work, both qualitative and quantitative research methods were used. The first ones include the synthesis and analysis of scientific literature, comparative and statistical analysis. The second is to conduct an Event Study analysis based on data obtained from open sources. Statistical data analysis was carried out using the R programming language and the Gretl program.
VERNADSKAYA MARIA NIKOLAEVNA: THE FIRST FEMALE POLITICAL ECONOMIST IN RUSSIA
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, BOCHKO V.S.
Published: November 2024

The article shows that Maria Nikolaevna Vernadskaya, who lived less than 29 years, but was the first among Russian educated women to join the development and popularization of ideas of political economy in the mid-19th century, secured for herself the title of «the first female political economist in Russia». The factors that contributed to M.N. Vernadskaya's inclusion in political economy research are revealed, including her marriage to the famous Russian political economist I.V. Vernadsky. The main ideas of Russian political economists about «moral capital» and «political economy as a moral science» that M.N. Vernadskaya used when writing her works are presented. The articles by M.N. Vernadskaya popularizing political economy are analyzed, in which she substantiates the ideas of the division of labor as a condition for any production and knowledge as the basis for «truly national welfare». In publications on the social status of women, M.N. Vernadskaya acts as a fighter for gender equality of women and men. In solving the problem of women's labor, M.N. Vernadskaya asserts that «in mental terms, men and women are equal». In conclusion, attention is drawn to the fact that M.N. Vernadskaya not only awakened a love for economic science in Russian women, but also instilled confidence in their high theoretical abilities. The highest role of the science of political economy in understanding the essence, patterns and prospects for the development of society is also emphasized.
THE CITY GOVERNMENT OF SVERDLOVSK IN WARTIME CONDITIONS
Authors:   Institute of History and Archeology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, VOROBYOV S.V.
Published: November 2024

Based on a wide range of unpublished historical sources, the paper examines the functioning of the city government system during the Great Patriotic War. The paper analyzes in detail the structure of the city government, noting that it was a multi-level system that included both Party authorities (Regional Committee, City Committee) and Soviet (Regional Executive Committee, City Executive Committee, District Executive Committees). The paper pays special attention to the main directions and aspects of the activities of the city government during the war years. In particular, the paper shows what difficulties the authorities had in solving urban problems.
FORMATION OF A MECHANISM FOR ENSURING THE VIABILITY OF THE TERRITORY AT THE INITIAL STAGE OF SOCIALIST CONSTRUCTION IN URAL (1921-1923)
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation, BERSENEV V.L.
Published: November 2024

One of the purposes of historical economics is to illustrate economic theory. At present, within the framework of the regional economy, the concept of territorial resilience is being developed. This article illustrates the process of formation of a new post-revolutionary economic mechanism, in particular, the establishment of work on monitoring and planning the economy of the Urals in the first years after the end of the Civil War. The specifics of the activities of the Yekaterinburg Provincial Council of National Economy and the Yekaterinburg Provincial Economic Conference, as well as the Ural Regional Economic Council, in the context of the transition to the new economic policy are noted. It is concluded that, despite the lack of experience, the economic management bodies of the province were able to ensure the viability of the territory and contributed to the formation of a single industrial complex of the Urals.
The Territory as a Victim: Geological Assessment to Analyzing the Impact of Colombia’s Armed Conflict on Geo-Bio Megadiversity at the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
Authors: Zapata-Herrera Juan Fernando , González-Tejada Catalina , Restrepo-Moreno Sergio A. , Marín-Cerón María Isabel
Published: November 2024

This study delves into the intricate relationship between Colombia’s status as one of the world’s 17 Megadiverse countries and the socio-environmental challenges the country faces, with focus on the geological diversity of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (SNSM); the world’s highest coastal massif laying in the Caribbean Region of Colombia. Despite its natural splendors and magnificence, SNSM’s ecosystems have been significantly shaped by the enduring Colombian armed conflict (1964- latent today), leading to alarming environmental degradation that affects both geological and biological diversity, and hence the local communities inhabiting the territory. Employing modern geological methodologies such as Remote Sensing and Landscape Metrics, this research explores and quantifies the extent of degradation within the SNSM. The findings, spanning the pivotal years from 2000 to 2020, offer an innovative analysis of the Geo-Bio-Megadiverse ecosystems of the Sierra. This comprehensive examination reveals crucial insights to advancing informed environmental management, while supplying a groundwork for potential geoconservation strategies in this embattled territory; unequivocally acknowledged as a victim of a multifaceted and long-lasting socio-environmental conflict. The definition “territory as a victim” originated by local indigenous communities and is now incorporated in transitional justice systems such as the
Jurisdicción Especial para la Paz
(JEP, Colombia), condenses the profound violence experienced by the land, one that muted the spiritual guardians inhabiting its waters, trees, plants, soils, and stones. By spotlighting the intricate interplay between social struggles and environmental degradation as a central element of the ecosphere-techonosphere conflict in the Anthropocene, this study heightens awareness of the urgent issues confronting the SNSM, while advocating for targeted conservation initiatives to preserve its distinctive and invaluable natural heritage.
Association between vitamin C intake and thyroid function among U.S. adults: a population-based study
Authors: Wu Jie , Jia Chuyu , Wang Qiang , Li Xin
Published: November 2024

Background

Although some evidence suggests a role for vitamin C intake in thyroid diseases, the complex interplay between vitamin C intake and thyroid function remains incompletely understood. The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between vitamin C intake and serum thyroid function in the United States adults.

Methods

A total of 5,878 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2007 and 2012 were included in this study. Weighted multivariate linear regression models, subgroup analyses, and interaction terms were used to assess the association between vitamin C intake, evaluated as a continuous and categorical variable, and thyroid function. Additionally, restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression was employed to assess any nonlinear relationship that may exist between vitamin C intake and thyroid function.

Results

After adjusting for covariates, our research found a significant inverse correlation between vitamin C intake and total thyroxine (TT4) (β= -0.182, P= 0.006). Using subgroup analyses, the association was more pronounced among subjects with lower alcohol consumption(β= -0.151, P=0.013, P for interaction = 0.043). In RCS regression, the correlation between vitamin C and TT4 exhibited a distinct reversed L-shaped curve pattern in total participants (P for nonlinear = 0.005) and male adults (P for nonlinear = 0.014). Additionally, we found an inverted U-shaped curve pattern in the relationship between vitamin C intake and FT4 (P for nonlinear = 0.029), while an U-shaped curve relationship was observed between vitamin C consumption and the FT3/FT4 ratio (P for nonlinear = 0.026).

Conclusion

The findings of our study have illustrated a notable correlation between vitamin C intake and thyroid function. A high level of vitamin C intake is associated with a decreased in TT4 levels among American adults, and the association was more pronounced among subjects with lower alcohol consumption. Furthermore, our analysis revealed a nonlinear correlation between the intake of vitamin C and the levels of TT4, FT4, and FT3/FT4 ratio. Our findings support the rationale for making food-based dietary recommendations and maybe provide guidance for diet guidelines with thyroid dysfunction to a certain extent in the future.
Chronological outcomes of renal function after adrenalectomy in patients with primary aldosteronism across age groups
Authors: Ma Yu , Tang Xiaofeng , Ge Qian , Xu Jianzhong , Gao Pingjin , Wang Jiguang , Zhu Limin
Published: November 2024

Background

Patients with primary aldosteronism present with renal function decline after unilateral adrenalectomies. Our study aimed to assess the evolution of renal function after adrenalectomy in patients with primary aldosteronism across different age groups and to identify risk factors for postoperative renal function deterioration.

Methods

We included 210 patients with primary aldosteronism categorized into three age groups: <40, 40–60, and ≥60 years old. We followed up the patients for 1 month, 1 year, and 5 years after adrenalectomy to assess outcomes. Multivariate analyses were performed to identify predictors of renal function deterioration, and a univariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between KCNJ5 mutation status and the decline in renal function.

Results

Patients aged <40 years had a shorter duration of hypertension, higher preoperative diastolic blood pressure, and higher preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) than did those in the other age groups. This group also exhibited the highest rate of complete clinical success, although there were no significant differences in complete biochemical success among age groups. Renal function declined in all three groups after adrenalectomy. However, changes in blood pressure and eGFR in the short- or long-term after adrenalectomy showed no significant differences among the three groups. Hypertension duration, preoperative systolic blood pressure (SBP), and plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) were predictors of postoperative renal function deterioration. KCNJ5 wild-type status was significantly correlated with the occurrence of chronic kidney disease after adrenalectomy.

Conclusions

Unilateral adrenalectomy demonstrates favorable biochemical and clinical outcomes in patients with primary aldosteronism, irrespective of age. Long-term eGFR decline is similar among the different age groups. KCNJ5 mutation exhibits a protective effect against the risk of chronic kidney disease after unilateral adrenalectomy.
Phosphorus recovery as vivianite and amorphous calcium phosphate from high-load industrial wastewater
Authors: Randall Dyllon G. , Jalava Justus , Vinnerås Björn , Simha Prithvi
Published: November 2024

This study evaluated the recovery of amorphous calcium phosphate and vivianite from industrial wastewater produced by a toothpaste manufacturing facility, where phosphorus concentrations exceed 3,000 mg L−1. The goal was to reduce the phosphorus concentration on-site to below 20 mg P L−1, so that treated wastewater can be discharged to a municipal wastewater treatment plant. In bench-scale experiments, various dosages of Ca(OH)2 (10–25 g L−1) and FeSO4·7H2O (20–60 g L−1) were evaluated to identify optimal conditions for precipitating >99% of the phosphorus. Pilot-scale experiments showed that recovery of amorphous calcium phosphate required dosing 25 g L−1 Ca(OH)2 and mixing for 60 min, whereas recovery of metavivianite required co-dosing 60 g L−1 FeSO₄·6–7H₂O and 7.2 g L−1 NaOH and mixing for 15 min. Variations in influent wastewater composition were found to significantly affect the pH as well as concentrations of residual Fe2+ and Ca2+ in the treated wastewater. Impurities present in chemicals used for precipitating phosphorus were found to influence purity of the recovered phosphate products. The chemical demand for recovering 99% of the phosphorus in the toothpaste industry wastewater was found to be significantly higher than for recovering 95% of the phosphorus in conventional municipal wastewater. This was due to a higher treatment goal and the unique composition of the wastewater, characterised by its high ionic strength and elevated concentrations of Na+ and Cl−, which potentially inhibited nucleation and crystal growth during chemical precipitation. A preliminary economic analysis indicated that recovering vivianite, with potential applications in the electronics industry, could generate significantly higher profits compared to amorphous calcium phosphate, but this depends on the product purity. Overall, this study highlights the potential for industrial wastewater to contribute to a circular phosphorus economy.
Case report: The case report of ofatumumab, a fully human anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, in the treatment of KLHL11 encephalitis
Authors: Deng Min , Zeng Fei , Kong Zhaohong , Li Tao
Published: November 2024

Anti-kelchlike protein 11 (KLHL11) encephalitis was first reported in 2019. This disease is very rare. The prevalence is higher in men than in women. Few female cases have been described. The most common clinical manifestations of this disease are syndromes affecting the brainstem and cerebellum. There are few reports on epilepsy and hallucinations as main clinical manifestations of KLHL11 encephalitis. We report a case of KLHL11 encephalitis in a female with epilepsy and hallucinations as the primary symptom. Her EEG showed a large number of epileptiform waves could be seen in the bilateral temporal and sphenoid areas during the waking and sleeping stages. Her head MRI was normal. No tumors were found using PET/CT scan and tumor marker measurements. Her symptoms recurred and worsened soon after treatment with immunoglobulin and methylprednisolone. Fortunately, epilepsy and hallucinations were effectively controlled after six times of subcutaneous injection of ofatumumab. Ofatumumab is a CD20 monoclonal antibody that induces B cell depletion. Current studies show that KLHL11 encephalitis is mediated by T cell immunity. However, in this case, satisfactory clinical effects were observed using CD20 monoclonal antibodies to treat KLHL11 encephalitis. This is the first report of induced B cell depletion in the treatment of KLHL11 encephalitis. This may provide a potential treatment option for KLHL11 encephalitis.
The role of S100A8 and S100A9 in external auditory canal cholesteatoma
Authors: He Guanwen , Han Weijing , Zhu Zhongshou , Wei Rifu , Lin Chang
Published: November 2024

Background

Studies indicated that diverse cellular mechanisms including epithelial migration and hyper-proliferation, inflammatory responses, and enzymatic bone erosion were involved in the pathogenesis of cholesteatoma. S100A8 and S100A9, which are Ca2+-binding proteins belonging to the S100 family, can trigger the signaling pathways involved in the inflammatory processes, and a variety of cellular processes includes cell cycle progression, proliferation, and cell migration. However, the role of S100A8 and S100A9 and their associated inflammation and other signaling pathways in cholesteatoma have not been investigated yet. This study aimed to investigate the role of S100A8 and S100A9 in external auditory canal cholesteatoma and their potential pathological mechanisms.

Methods

The study conducted histological staining, immunostaining, PCR, and Western blot to investigate the expression of S100A8/A9 and its related pathways in clinic EACC and the murine model of EACC.

Results

Our data showed that there were increased mRNA and protein levels of S100A8 and S100A9 in clinical and animal models of EACC and the S100A8/A9 heterodimer protein was increased in the EACC model. Our study further demonstrated that the increased S100A8 and S100A9 were associated with apoptosis as well as inflammatory (TGF-β, IFN-γ, and IL-10) and angiogenetic (VEGF, HGF/SF, and c-Met) molecular pathways. The correlation analysis indicated that S100A8 and S100A9 were correlated with clinic staging, apoptosis, and inflammatory and angiogenetic factors.

Conclusion

This study provided novel insight into the role of S100A8 and S100A9 associated with pathological mechanisms of EACC.
Heterogeneous phenotype of a Chinese Familial WHIM syndrome with CXCR4V340fs gain-of-function mutation
Authors: Huang Yu , Li Lu , Chen Ran , Yu Lang , Zhao Shunkai , Jia Yanjun , Dou Ying , Zhang Zhiyong , An Yunfei , Tang Xuemei , Zhao Xiaodong , Zhou Lina
Published: November 2024

Background

WHIM syndrome is a rare, autosomal dominant inborn error of immunity characterized by warts, hypogammaglobulinemia, infection, and myelokathexis. It is caused mainly by heterozygous mutations at the C-terminus of the C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) gene.

Methods

We described the detailed clinical, genetic, immunological and treatment characteristic of four WHIM patients from a single Chinese family.

Results

Here, we report four patients from a family carrying a variant of CXCR4 (c.1016_1017dupCT), which introduces a frameshift at codon V340, resulting in an extension of 14 amino acids (p.V340L fs*27). We provide an in-depth analysis of their clinical, genetic, immunological and treatment characteristic, noting that these patients exhibited an atypical clinical phenotype when compared to reported CXCR4R334X patients. Additionally, the frameshift variant CXCR4V340fs led to impaired receptor downregulation in patients’ PBMCs, and in HEK293T cells transfected with the variant plasmids.

Conclusions

Our study provided detailed clinical features of four CXCR4V340fs WHIM patients from one Chinese family who presented atypical phenotype and enrich the spectrum of WHIM syndrome.
Optimizing data-driven arctic marine forecasting: a comparative analysis of MariNet, FourCastNet, and PhyDNet
Authors: Buinyi Aleksei V. , Irishev Dias A. , Nikulin Edvard E. , Evdokimov Aleksandr A. , Ilyushina Polina G. , Sukhikh Natalia A.
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Marine forecasts play a crucial role in ensuring safe navigation, efficient offshore operations, coastal management, and research, particularly in regions with challenging conditions like the Arctic Ocean. These forecasts necessitate precise predictions of ocean currents, wind-driven waves, and various other oceanic parameters. Although physics-based numerical models are highly accurate, they come with significant computational requirements. Therefore, data-driven approaches, which are less computationally intensive, may present a more effective solution for predicting sea conditions.

Methods

This study introduces a detailed analysis and comparison of three data-driven models: the newly developed convLSTM-based MariNet, FourCastNet, and PhydNet, a physics-informed model designed for video prediction. Through the utilization of metrics such as RMSE, Bias, and Correlation, we illustrate the areas in which our model outperforms well-known prediction models.

Results

Our model demonstrates enhanced accuracy in forecasting ocean dynamics when compared to FourCastNet and PhyDNet. Additionally, our findings reveal that our model demands significantly less training data and computational resources, ultimately resulting in lower carbon emissions.

Discussion

These findings indicate the potential for further exploration of data-driven models as a supplement to physics-based models in operational marine forecasting, as they have the capability to improve prediction accuracy and efficiency, thereby facilitating more responsive and cost-effective forecasting systems.
Representing ocean biology-induced heating effects in ROMS-based simulations for the Indo-Pacific Ocean
Authors: Zhang Wenzhe , Gao Chuan , Tian Feng , Yu Yang , Wang Hongna , Zhang Rong-Hua
Published: November 2024

Incident shortwave radiation can penetrate and heat the upper ocean water column, acting to modulate the stratification, vertical mixing and sea surface temperature. As a light-absorbing constituent, ocean chlorophyll (CHL) plays an important role in regulating these processes; however, its heating effect on the ocean state remains controversial and exhibits strong model dependence on ways the solar radiation transmission and the related CHL-induced heating are represented. In this study, we implement a chlorophyll-based two-way coupling between physical and ecological processes within the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS). The bio-physics coupled model performs well in simulating the structure and variability of oceanic physical and ecological fields in the tropical Indo-Pacific region. Three CHL-related heating terms are analyzed based on the model output to diagnose the ocean biology-induced heating effects, namely the shortwave radiation part penetrating out of the base of the mixed layer (ML; Qpen), the portion absorbed within the ML (Qabs), and the rate of temperature change of the ML resulting from the Qabs effects (Rsr). Results show that the spatio-temporal distributions of the three heating terms are mainly determined by the ML depth (MLD). However, Qpen can also be regulated by the euphotic depth (ED), especially in the western-central equatorial Pacific. This moderating effect is particularly evident during El Niño when the ED tends to be greater than the MLD; positive ED anomalies act to enhance the positive Qpen anomalies caused by negative MLD anomalies. For the first time, the bio-heating effects are quantified within the ROMS-based two-way coupling context between the physical submodel and ecological submodel over the tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean, providing a basis for further understanding of the bio-effects and mechanisms. It is expected that the methodology and understanding developed in this study can help explore the chlorophyll-related processes in the ocean and the interactions with the atmosphere.
Association between arteriosclerosis, hemodynamic indices, and the risk of falls: receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for different indices in older individuals
Authors: Zhang Kexin , Ma Yucen , Yang Di , Cao Mengyu , Jin Huijing , Leng Jiyan
Published: November 2024

Objective

This study aimed to assess the risk factors for falls and evaluate the correlation between arteriosclerosis, hemodynamic indices, and the risk of falls in older individuals.

Method

This cross-sectional study included 920 individuals aged 60 and above from the cadre ward of the First Hospital of Jilin University. Data were obtained from the comprehensive geriatric assessment database of the cadre ward. Ankle-brachial indices (ABI) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) were measured using an OMRON arteriosclerosis detection device. Hemodynamic indices were assessed using the CSM3100 thoracic impedance hemodynamic detection system. Fall risk was evaluated with the fall risk assessment tool.

Results

Significant differences in age, weight, education, smoking status, alcohol consumption, cognitive impairment, malnutrition, daily living abilities, depressive state, baPWV, ABI (all p < 0.001), systolic pressure, heart rate, cardiac stroke volume, and systemic vascular resistance were observed among the three groups (p = 0.011, p = 0.035, p = 0.005, p = 0.016). Ordinal logistic regression analysis indicated that the probability of an increase in fall risk by one level was 2.069 times higher for each unit decrease in educational background. Additionally, fall risk increased by 2.492 times for each additional year of age, 55.813 times for each unit of weight, 3.208 times for smoking status, 3.610 times for alcohol consumption, 4.665 times for cognitive impairment, 2.247 times for malnutrition, 2.596 times for ABI, 2.092 times for heart rate, and 1.586 times for cardiac stroke volume. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for fall risk in older individuals demonstrated that ABI was superior to heart rate and systemic vascular resistance in predicting the occurrence of falls.

Conclusion

Our findings indicate that age, weight, educational background, smoking status, alcohol consumption, cognitive impairment, malnutrition, ABI, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, and cardiac stroke volume are associated with an increased risk of falls in older adults. Moreover, arteriosclerosis and hemodynamic parameters may aid in the early identification of fall risk among older individuals.
Upregulated miR-10b-5p as a potential miRNA signature in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients
Authors: Dash Banaja P. , Freischmidt Axel , Helferich Anika M. , Ludolph Albert C. , Andersen Peter M , Weishaupt Jochen H. , Hermann Andreas
Published: November 2024

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal, adult-onset disease marked by a progressive degeneration of motor neurons (MNs) present in the spinal cord, brain stem and motor cortex. Death in most patients usually occurs within 2–4 years after symptoms onset. Despite promising progress in delineating underlying mechanisms, such as disturbed proteostasis, DNA/RNA metabolism, splicing or proper nucleocytoplasmic shuttling, there are no effective therapies for the vast majority of cases. A reason for this might be the disease heterogeneity and lack of substantial clinical and molecular biomarkers. The identification and validation of such pathophysiology driven biomarkers could be useful for early diagnosis and treatment stratification. Recent advances in next generation RNA-sequencing approaches have provided important insights to identify key changes of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) implicated with ALS disease. Especially, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as key post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression to target several genes/pathways by degrading messenger RNAs (mRNAs) or repressing levels of gene expression. In this study, we expand our previous work to identify top-regulated differentially expressed (DE)-miRNAs by combining different normalizations to search for important and generalisable pathomechanistic dysregulations in ALS as putative novel biomarkers of the disease. For this we performed a consensus pipeline of existing datasets to investigate the transcriptomic profile (mRNAs and miRNAs) of MN cell lines from iPSC-derived SOD1- and TARDBP (TDP-43 protein)-mutant-ALS patients and healthy controls to identify potential signatures and their related pathways associated with neurodegeneration. Transcriptional profiling of miRNA–mRNA interactions from MN cell lines in ALS patients revealed differential expression of genes showed greater vulnerability to KEAP1-NRF2 stress response pathway, sharing a common molecular denominator linked to both disease conditions. We also reported that mutations in above genes led to significant upregulation of the top candidate miR-10b-5p, which we could validate in immortalized lymphoblast cell lines (LCLs) derived from sporadic and familial ALS patients and postmortem tissues of familial ALS patients. Collectively, our findings suggest that miRNA analysis simultaneously performed in various human biological samples may reveal shared miRNA profiles potentially useful as a biomarker of the disease.
Application of the new classification proposal for juvenile idiopathic arthritis of the pediatric rheumatology international trials organization in a group of Mexican patients
Authors: Ramos-Tiñini Pamela , Menchaca-Aguayo Héctor , Alpizar-Rodriguez Deshire , Mercedes-Pérez Esther , Faugier-Fuentes Enrique
Published: November 2024

Objective

Apply the PRINTO classification proposal for diagnosing Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) to Mexican patients, analyzing demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics.

Material and methods

Cross-sectional study analyzing patients diagnosed with JIA using International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR 2001) criteria over two years at a national rheumatic disease center. Reclassification was done using the Pediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organization (PRINTO) proposal. Comparisons were made between antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) positive vs. negative and rheumatoid factor (RF) positive vs. negative patients.

Results

Seventy-six patients were analyzed, mostly female. Median age was lower in systemic JIA (sJIA) and early onset JIA with positive ANAs (eoANA JIA). ANAs was present in 78.6% of patients. Reclassification according to PRINTO disorders showed RF positive polyarticular JIA, sJIA, and enthesitis-related JIA (ER JIA) reclassified to RF JIA, sJIA, and enthesitis/spondylitis-related JIA (ESR JIA) by 100%, 94.7%, and 80%, respectively. The ILAR category with the most variation was RF negative polyarticular JIA. Early disease onset was associated with a lower probability of positive RF after adjusting for sex, age, and ANAs. No association was found between ANAs positive vs. negative in adjusted multivariate analysis.

Conclusions

We found compatibility of sJIA, RF positive polyarticular JIA, and RE JIA categories with sJIA, RF JIA, and ESR JIA disorders, respectively. Differences were noted in variables such as sex and the number of affected joints. There was high ANAs positivity; however, few patients were classified into eoANA JIA disorder, with only one presenting uveitis. Most patients were classified as other JIA.
Rabeprazole suppressed gastric intestinal metaplasia through activation of GPX4-mediated ferroptosis
Authors: Xie Jing , Liang Xinhua , Xie Fangfang , Huang Canxin , Lin Zijun , Xie Shuping , Yang Fangying , Zheng Fengfeng , Geng Lanlan , Xu Wanfu , Gong Sitang , Xiang Li
Published: November 2024

Background

Gastric intestinal metaplasia is a common pathological feature in patients with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. Rabeprazole was widely used as the first-line regimen for H. pylori infectious treatment. The objective of this study is to explore the mechanism of rabeprazole in gastric intestinal metaplasia treatment.

Methods

Real-time PCR, Western blotting (WB) and ROS analysis were conducted to confirm that rabeprazole could induce ferroptosis to suppress gastric intestinal metaplasia. Cellular fraction, luciferase and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) were used to identify the mechanism underlying rabeprazole modulated ferroptosis.

Results

Herein, we found rabeprazole treatment led to inhibit CDX2 and MUC2 expression, alleviating gastric intestinal metaplasia, which was attributed to enhanced ferroptosis characterized by decreased GPX4 expression. Inhibition of ferroptosis by ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) could reverse decreased CDX2 and MUC2 expression caused by rabeprazole. Mechanically, Rabeprazole could inhibit CREB phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, which further decreased the binding of CREB to GPX4 promoter, reducing GPX4 transactivity. Moreover, endogenous PKA interacted with CREB, and this interaction was drastically destroyed in response to rabeprazole treatment. Most importantly, enhanced ferroptosis was observed in H. pylori-infected gastric intestinal metaplasia in comparison to HC control.

Conclusion

These findings suggested that rabeprazole induced ferroptosis to reduce CDX2 expression in gastric epithelial cells through PKA/CREB cascade signaling, implying that targeting ferroptosis could be a promising strategy in improving gastric intestinal metaplasia during H. pylori-infected patients.
Elusive elapids: biogeographic venom variation in Indian kraits and its repercussion on snakebite therapy
Authors: Rashmi U. , Bhatia Siddharth , Nayak Muralidhar , Khochare Suyog , Sunagar Kartik
Published: November 2024

Snakebite is a major public health concern in many parts of the world, including India, where over 58,000 deaths occur annually due to snake envenoming. The common krait (Bungarus caeruleus) is responsible for the second-highest number of snakebite-related mortalities in the country. However, despite its notoriety, little is known about its venom ecology, functions and compositional variation across bioclimatic zones, partly because these nocturnal snakes are highly elusive, making it difficult to find them in the wild. We aim to address this knowledge gap by characterising the venom composition and toxicity profiles of the pan-Indian populations (n = 8) of B. caeruleus using a combination of proteomics, receptor-toxin interaction assays, biochemical experiments, pharmacological tests and preclinical evaluations. We reveal considerable variation in venom composition, functions, and pharmacological activities among the geographically distinct populations of B. caeruleus. Furthermore, toxin-receptor interaction assays provide insights into their feeding ecology and prey-predator interactions. Finally, in vitro and in vivo experiments revealed the poor neutralising potencies of Indian antivenoms towards most populations of the common krait. Our findings highlight the alarming need to develop efficacious snakebite therapy in India to treat bites from this medically most important elapid snake.
Scutellarin: pharmacological effects and therapeutic mechanisms in chronic diseases
Authors: Nie Shanshan , Zhang Shan , Wu Ruipeng , Zhao Yuhang , Wang Yongxia , Wang Xinlu , Zhu Mingjun , Huang Peng
Published: November 2024

Scutellarin (SCU), a flavonoid glucuronide derived from Scutellaria barbata and Erigeron breviscapus, exhibits broad pharmacological effects with promising therapeutic potential in treating various chronic diseases. It has demonstrated efficacy in modulating multiple biological pathways, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and vasodilatory mechanisms. These protective roles make SCU a valuable compound in treating chronic diseases such as cerebrovascular diseases, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and metabolic diseases. Despite its multi-targeted effects, SCU faces challenges such as low bioavailability and limited clinical data, which hinder its widespread therapeutic application. Current research supports its potential to prevent oxidative stress, reduce inflammatory responses, and enhance cell survival in cells and rats. However, more comprehensive studies are required to clarify its molecular mechanisms and to develop strategies that enhance its bioavailability for clinical use. SCU could emerge as a potent therapeutic agent for the treatment of chronic diseases with complex pathophysiological mechanisms. This review examines the current literature on Scutellarin to provide a comprehensive understanding of its pharmacological activity, mechanisms of action, and therapeutic potential in treating chronic diseases.
Suspended soils enrich local forest floor soils during the rainy season in a tropical monsoon rainforest of Hainan Island, South China
Authors: Xu Shitao , Wang Yachen , Yu Xudong , Cai Zeping , Ren Mingxun
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Epiphytic plants are abundant in rainforests and often serve as traps for litter and dust falling from the canopy. As it accumulates, this material can form nutrient rich soils, which are likely involved in local nutrient cycling and ecological processes.

Methods

To explore spatial and temporal variation in the influence of suspended soils on local nutrient cycles, we compared the physical, chemical and biological properties of suspended soils from the locally-dominant epiphytic Bird’s nest fern (Asplenium nidus L.) to those of three types of forest floor soils (soil collected from upslope, downslope, and underneath the host tree) in a tropical monsoon rainforest in Bawangling National Nature Reserve on Hainan Island, China.

Results

Suspended and forest floor soils were all acidic, with suspended soils having much higher organic matter (66.84%) and water content (~ 300%) than forest floor soils. Suspended soils contained significantly more available nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium and had much higher urease, cellulase, and catalase activities, indicating that they harbored diverse microbial communities with higher decomposition and biomineralization activity.

Discussion

Physicochemical traits of suspended soil and soil collected from under the host tree were significantly more similar in the rainy season than in the dry season, suggesting that suspended soils may contribute to local nutrient cycling as they are flushed out of epiphytic plants and enrich stemflow and forest floor soils.

Conclusion

Thus, suspended soils play a role in local nutrient cycling, especially during the rainy season. This study provides empirical support for the seasonality and heterogeneity of forest floor soil enrichment by suspended soils in tropical monsoon rainforests.