bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FORMATION OF DATA OF INFORMATION SYSTEM OF REGULATORY INSPECTIONS OF THE PERSONNEL OF THE ENTERPRISE WITH USING INDICATORS OF NONINVASIVE METHODS OF RESEARCH
Authors: Boriskin Boris , Kulakova Irina
Published: March 2020

Modern methods of non-invasive research methods are considered, the possibility

of integrating data obtained with these methods into the information system of routine inspections is

considered.
MAIN STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE INFRARED DIAGNOSTICS METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE STATE OF TECHNOLOGICAL PIPELINES
Authors: Kuz'menko Natal'ya , Kulikov Vladimir , Yur'ev Yuriy
Published: March 2020

The main stages of the development of the method of infrared diagnostics for monitoring the state of technological pipelines are considered.
INTENSIFICATION OF COGNITIVE ACTIVITY OF STUDENTS WHEN STUDYING TECHNICAL DISCIPLINES
Authors: Chikalina Valentina , Mussakaev Oleg
Published: March 2020

The paper gives a justification for the use of case technology in relation to the study

of general technical disciplines. The advantages of using this method on the example of studying belt

drives are shown.
ENSAIO DA QUALIDADE DOS PARAFUSOS ATRAVÉS DE RESISTÊNCIA AO TORQUE
Authors: Silva Lima Michelle , Fontanella Santiago Rayane , Pedro Maciel Trajano João , Chahim Pereira Leonardo , Bittencourt Nazaré Tiago
Published: March 2020

Este artigo busca analisar a qualidade dos parafusos através do Ensaio prático de Resistência ao Torque. Considerando a acirrada competitividade no atual cenário industrial, exige-se que as organizações busquem excessivamente melhorias na qualidade de seus produtos, tanto no processo de gestão, como nos processos operacionais a fim de garantirem sua sobrevivência no mercado, com um produto que atenda às expectativas do seu cliente. Para o estudo, foram realizados testes e utilizados materiais, tais como: 10 (dez) parafusos com cabeça sextavada de aço 1020 com 3/8” (três oitavos) de diâmetro e 50 (cinquenta) milímetros de comprimento e 10 (dez) parafusos com cabeça sextavada de aço 1020 com ½” (um meio) de diâmetro e 50 (cinquenta) milímetros de comprimento, fabricados respectivamente por Belenus e Jomarca. Com os dados obtidos, foram verificados os gráficos de torque e distorção com base nos resultados dos ensaios. O fabricante Belenus obteve melhor desempenho baseado nos dados adquiridos e tabela de torque dos parafusos
A ATUAÇÃO DO NEUPSICOPEDAGOGO NO EMPODERAMENTO DA APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Da Silva Lage de Castro Fernanda , Vergilio da Silva Sidney
Published: March 2020

O neuropsicopedagogo é o profissional qualificado para reabilitar as funções neurofuncionais modificadas pelas dificuldades de aprendizagem. Entretanto, ainda são raras as escolas do país, públicas ou privadas, que têm esse profissional no seu quadro de especialistas para orientar pais, professores e alunos e explicar clinicamente o distúrbio e as condutas a serem executadas, além do tratamento e da intervenção. Este estudo tem como objetivos entender as dimensões do conceito empoderamento e de Neuropsicopedagogia; conhecer o processo de formação do neuropsicopedagogo; investigar como a atuação desse profissional pode contribuir para o empoderamento da aprendizagem. O neuropsicopedagogo pode ser a possibilidade mais apropriada, já que possui conhecimentos em Neurociência para compreender o cérebro e seu funcionamento. A aquisição de conhecimento, segundo Paulo Freire e outros autores, fortalece os sentimentos de autorrealização, identidade e pertencimento do indivíduo. A metodologia utilizada para realizar este  estudo  foi  a  pesquisa da literatura em artigos publicados, em livros e nas bases de dados e sites Scielo, Portal Educação, Psicologado, SBNPp e Nova Escola. Os resultados mostram que a Neuropsicopedagogia possibilita novos métodos de ensino e aprendizagem, embora as pesquisas e a literatura científica sobre o tema ainda sejam escassas. Ainda assim, acredita- se que a atuação do neuropsicopedagogo pode contribuir com a Educação, promovendo o empoderamento do aluno através do conhecimento e da educação.
Evolución de las Normas de Información Financiera en México
Authors: De la Rosa Leal María Eugenia , Ballesteros Grijalva Mónica , Gastélum Castro Ismael Mario
Published: March 2020

Las Normas de Información Financiera, son criterios de comunicación y armonización de las prácticas contables en un contexto de globalización, cuyo objetivo es lograr entablar un lenguaje contable común en una convergencia internacional. La profesión colegiada contable en México, a través del Instituto Mexicano de Contadores Públicos y el Consejo Mexicano de Normas de Información Financiera se ha preocupado en lograr esa concordancia, adaptando su teoría contable con y hacia las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera. Para hacerlo, ha transitado su marco contable en un camino de correcciones y adiciones de su anterior conceptualización de Principios de Contabilidad Generalmente Aceptados hacia Normas de Información Financiera en un cambio de enfoque del modelo contable de valuación, registro y presentación de los conceptos de los estados financieros. Este trabajo presenta una revisión del acercamiento conceptual de las normas contables nacionales a un modelo normativo internacional, para lo cual se realizó un análisis de la evolución de las Normas de Información Financiera en México, como un acercamiento al modo de apropiación de conceptos e indicadores en la normatividad contable mexicana. El trabajo inicia con la revisión conceptual de la normatividad contable, establece la revisión de la corriente normativa contable y sus características, llegando al marco conceptual normado. Las conclusiones revisan la pertinencia del camino de adaptación del modelo normativo contable en México, con apertura hacia el valor razonable y revelación suficiente para organizaciones económicas.
Definición de metodología para selección de proveedores a través, de la lógica difusa para una empresa de la industria eléctrica en Monterrey, Nuevo León
Authors: Pablos Ortega Alan , Villa Cerda Marco Antonio , Ávila Ortega María del Consuelo
Published: March 2020

Uno de los retos más importantes dentro de las organizaciones manufactureras consiste en la gestión de la cadena de suministro. Los costos de materiales utilizados en un producto pueden alcanzar hasta el 80% de su valor en el mercado. El objetivo del trabajo es definir una metodología con base en la lógica difusa que analice los diferentes requerimientos involucrados en la realización de un producto para una empresa manufacturera en la industria eléctrica. El resultado final es una metodología para la selección objetiva de proveedores que cumplen con los requerimientos de los proyectos y las necesidades de la empresa.
Auditoría al desempeño: Evolución y relevancia en el ámbito estatal
Authors: Valenzuela Bojórquez Jesús Antonio
Published: March 2020

La auditoría al desempeño, es de relevancia porque permite verificar el cumplimiento de objetivos y metas con indicadores estratégicos y de gestión, para conocer los resultados de la aplicación de los recursos públicos y el impacto social que se genera a través de diversos programas y proyectos; por lo que promueve la gobernanza económica, eficaz y eficiente y contribuye a la rendición de cuentas y a la transparencia. El objetivo en este trabajo es evaluar la evolución y relevancia que presenta en el ámbito estatal, con referencia del nivel federal las auditorías al desempeño (AD) realizadas por el Instituto Superior de Auditoría y Fiscalización (ISAF) y por la Secretaría de la Contraloría General (SECOG) con entes que han sido objeto de fiscalización en el estado de Sonora; esto, a través de un trabajo de tipo documental y descriptivo. El análisis de los datos se abordó desde un aspecto cualitativo y cuantitativo. Se exponen resultados obtenidos en las entidades gubernamentales en los aspectos sustantivos y críticos de su misión, resaltando que a nivel nacional la Auditoría Superior de la Federación (ASF) en el transcurso de catorce años, realizó solamente veintidós AD en Sonora. A nivel local estatal, los entes fiscalizadores están en etapa de gestación en este tipo de auditoría; las cifras oficiales reportan inicio de la AD en el ejercicio 2018; a la vez, se aporta un instrumento de apoyo para practicar auditorías al desempeño, al ser escasa o nulamente conocidos en los procesos del ámbito estatal.
W117 Research Roadmap Report
Authors: Kashiwagi Dean , Santema Sicco , Kashiwagi Jacob , Rivera Alfredo , Gunnoe Jake , Kashiwagi Joseph , Kashiwagi Isaac
Published: March 2020

The W117 commission is a leader in innovation. It is the first commission to have a very focused goal of implementing academic research/industry testing to impact the construction industry. The research is constantly evolving and impacting the direction, scope and speed of evolution of performance metrics, transparency, mitigation of risk and the improvement of the supply chain stakeholders. However, this is not the only thrust and value of W117. The W117 is looking to change the definition of successful and impactful research from traditional academic/industry research. It will change what is recognized as valuable and impactful research. This Research Roadmap is the latest document, as of June 2018, and will be continually changed in the coming years. W117 welcomes all other working commissions and industry visionaries to join in the effort towards improving the construction industry.
Construction Portfolio Performance Management Using Key Performance Indicators
Authors: Shahandashti Mohsen , Ashuri Baabak , Touran Ali , Masoumi Reza , Minchin Edward
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this study is to determine the relative importance of key results areas (KRAs) and develop key performance indicators (KPIs) for construction portfolio performance management. The research methodology consists of the following steps: (1) Designing and conducting a fact-finding survey of owners and contractors to determine the relative importance of KRAs; (2) Designing and conducting structured interviews to develop KPIs; and (3) Assessing the usefulness of the results. Unlike the literature that has consistently highlighted the importance of risk management for construction portfolio performance management, risk management is not among top five KRAs (schedule, cost, cash flow, change management and safety) identified in the survey. This represents the significant gap in how research community and industry look at portfolio performance management. When it comes to dashboard development, contractors and owners have different KRAs within their dashboard for portfolio management. The limited knowledge about the relative importance of KRAs is one of the most important barriers towards managing project portfolios. This study is the first attempt to critically examine the literature and practice of construction portfolio performance management in order to highlight noteworthy differences between KRAs studied by the research community and implemented by the industry.
Assentamento como nova forma de vida rural:
Authors: D’Aquino Teresinha
Published: March 2020

Sem resumo.
Assentamentos rurais:
Authors: Silveira B. Ferrante Vera Lúcia
Published: March 2020

Sem resumo
A utopia em processo de experimentação
Authors: Geraldo Alberto B. Poker José
Published: March 2020

Sem resumo.
Associativismo em rede e desenvolvimento local:
Authors: Amorim João Batista Barros de , Pires Maria Luiza Lins e Silva
Published: March 2020

Este trabalho analisa a relação existente entre extensão rural e associativismo em rede e seus impactos sobre o desenvolvimento local, no âmbito do Programa Um Milhão de Cisternas (P1MC). Quais as práticas que caracterizam o associativismo em rede no âmbito do Programa Um Milhão de Cisternas (P1MC) e quais os seus impactos no município de Olho D’Água do Casado? Essas questões foram analisadas tendo como referência empírica a experiência vivenciada no município alagoano de Olho D’Água do Casado. Os resultados indicaram que o P1MC vem se consolidando com a renovação das práticas de extensão rural, calcadas na participação e no fortalecimento do associativismo em rede, com implicações sobre o desenvolvimento local no município estudado.
A diferenciação camponesa em projetos de assentamento no estado do Ceará:
Authors: Andrade Francisco Gomes de , Araújo João Bosco Cavalcanti , Marinho Francisco de Assis , Souza Arthur Cláudio Rodrigues de
Published: March 2020

Este trabalho analisa a diferenciação econômica, política e social entre famílias agricultoras dos projetos de assenta- mento da reforma agrária. O estudo envolveu assentados dos projetos São José II e Aroeira. Os dois, sob a coordenação do INCRA, estão localizados no Município de Ocara, na microrregião de Chorozinho no Estado do Ceará. Foi, então, realizada com os assentados uma pesquisa de campo, mediante entrevista, aplicação de questionários, realização de oficinas e observações de suas práticas. Para dar conta dessas análises, recorre-se à noção de habitus (disposições) formulada por Pierre Bourdieu. A partir desse conceito, é entendido que as disposições assimiladas pelos agentes, em suas lutas e trajetórias, têm implicações em graus variados no comportamento dos indivíduos. Assim, podemos pensar o objeto desse estudo, a diferenciação, como fenômeno construído socialmente.
Homens “subterrâneos”:
Authors: Nóbrega José Aderivaldo Silva da , Menezes Marilda Aparecida de
Published: March 2020

Apresentamos neste artigo uma reflexão sobre a dinâmica que constituiu a atividade mineradora no município de Junco do Seridó no Estado da Paraíba, sobre as forças sociais que impulsionaram o estabelecimento e a organização desta atividade e sobre a maneira como estas forças estão imbricadas. Parte-se da idéia de que o garimpo é uma forma específica de trabalho na mineração, preponderante na extração de caulim no município estudado. Esta forma de trabalho se desenvolve em condições de precariedade e informalidade e paralelamente à ação das pequenas empresas beneficiadoras de caulim instaladas em Junco do Seridó.
As incompreensões de um novo sentido da terra:
Authors: Xavier Glauber Lopes
Published: March 2020

Com o objetivo de apresentar as bases de um tratado de sociologia rural segundo o pensamento de Henri Lefebvre, este artigo considera as experiências empíricas e teóricas do sociólogo e filósofo marxista francês, privilegiando o período 1948-1958. Ademais, apresenta argumentos que apontam a importância de uma sociologia rural e o modo como ela permite a compreensão do novo sentido da terra. Primeiramente, são expostas as principais críticas de Lefebvre à sociologia rural empiricista e aplicada. Em seguida, são apontadas as premissas do método regressivo-progressivo, base metodológica do tratado lefebvriano. Somado a isso, há o registro de breves notas sobre a sociologia rural de José de Souza Martins, sociólogo brasileiro que se apoiou em conceitos e categorias de Henri Lefebvre em seus estudos sobre a questão agrária no Brasil. Por fim, é dada ênfase ao pensamento de Henri Lefebvre e as bases de seu tratado que evoca por uma sociologia rural junto a algumas reflexões sobre o novo sentido da terra.
Analysis of Energy Balance for a Steel Electric Arc Furnace
Authors: Diaconu Bogdan , Anghelescu Lucica , Cruceru Mihai
Published: March 2020

A process and energy analysis was performed for an Electric Arc Furnace for steel production in order to determine the energy efficiency defined as losses contribution in the total energy input. Process analysis was performed during operation for one batch, measuring the relevant process parameters. Energy balance revealed that a significant potential for improvement exists, the main directions being reducing the cooling water loss (for example, by implementing a heat recovery system), reducing the loss during loading and adjustment by implementing technology changes and automation and reducing the loss through exhaust gas. Although implementation of heat recovery systems on the cooling water circuit and exhaust gas duct will not influence the actual process energy efficiency, it is expected to improve the overall energy expenditure by integrating other heat consuming equipment.
Robust Recursive Least-Squares Finite Impulse Response Predictor in Linear Discrete-Time Stochastic Systems with Uncertain Parameters
Authors: Nakamori Seiichi
Published: March 2020

This paper newly proposes the robust RLS Wiener FIR prediction algorithm based on the innovation theory for the linear stochastic systems including with parameters. In the robust RLS Wiener predictor, the following information is used. (1) The system matrices for the signal and the degraded signal. (2) The observation matrices for the signal and the degraded signal. (3) The variance of the state for the degraded signal. (4) The cross-variance of the state for the signal with the state. (5) The variance of the observation noise. As a step to obtain the robust RLS Wiener FIR prediction algorithm, this paper presents the robust prediction algorithm of the signal using the covariance information etc. In the predictor, the following information is used. (1) The observation matrices for the signal and the degraded signal. (2) The variance of the state for the degraded signal. (3) The auto-covariance information of the state for the degraded signal. (4) The cross-covariance information of the state for the signal with that for the degraded signal. (5) The variance of the observation noise. The estimation accuracy of the proposed robust RLS Wiener FIR predictor is superior to the existing RLS Wiener FIR predictor.
Joint Reduction of PMEPR and Sidelobe in Multicarrier Radar Signals using ZC and SC Method
Authors: Raghavendra C. G. , Harsha N. , Mohan Kumar S. , Prashantha H. S.
Published: March 2020

Employing the multitone waveforms for radar applications has attracted many authors in recent days. Several researchers have investigated the use of multitone waveform and challenges associated while implementation. The serious drawback of using multicarrier waveforms is the high Peak to Mean Envelope Power Ratio (PMEPR) values recorded and large sidelobes. To overcome PMEPR and sidelobe drawbacks a novel method is suggested for reducing sidelobe levels. The projected method applies zad-off chu phase sequence for multicarrier complementary phase coded (MCPC) signals. The comparison of integrated sidelobe ratio and peak sidelobe is obtained. Autocorrelations and complex envelope of the MCPC signal is obtained from the above methods are analyzed with extensive simulations. It is also possible to reduce the PMEPR and sidelobe simultaneously by using secondary user method. The suggested technique results with reduction in sidelobe and PMEPR levels.
The Culture of Wine in Ukrainian Baroque Poetry
Authors: Naumenko Nataliia
Published: March 2020

The article represents the results of the culturological analysis of Ukrainian baroque poetry with ‘wine’ for the prominent image. Just as the conceit of wine was never researched profoundly by culturologists and linguists, this article is an attempt to conceptualize the imagery of wine and culture of its consumption in Ukrainian literary criticism and cultural studies.
Upon researching Ukrainian baroque poetry, the author of this article revealed some new connotations of the image of wine. First of them is a symbol of reproach declared to the authorities of either sacral or secular power (the conceptual pattern of it are the writings by Ukrainian polemist Ivan Vyshensky). However, even the strongest judgements sounded hopefully thanks to stylization in the mood of Christian liturgy.
Secondly, wine was a reflection of joy of life, love, or friendship in Epicurean style. Thirdly, it was set up as a philosophical image of the human self as the most precious thing in the world. This idea was also supported staunchly by H. Skovoroda. Henceforth, wine in baroque poetry is not only an image of something material within the framework of the everyday life and rituals; it is a factor of reconciliation of Christian and Pantheistic worldview in the Ukrainians.
Further researches of ‘wine’ conceit in Ukrainian poetry (and Ukrainian culture as a whole) would allow confirming anew the vision of a human-within-the-world as the world-within-a-human.
Reality Show: Inside the Picture
Authors: Hrabarchuk Olha
Published: March 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of the popular television phenomenon — a reality show. Analysing the contents of the Ukrainian real television, several types of reality shows were identified according to two criteria: the presence of a competition and the content of the plot. The content of reality shows can be divided into show pranks, peeping, transformation, survival, romantic, life situations, travel, audits and judicial. At the same time, reality, peeping, transformation, survival and romantic shows are built on a competitive basis. Separately there are professional and intellectual competitions. The popularity of reality television fits into the framework of their belonging to the mass culture, understandable and close to the majority, oriented to their interests in entertainment. This product is not only meeting needs, but also shaping public opinion. Reality shows are the place where the image and its referent, frame and reality, screen and everyday life collide.
Typical Ukrainian reality show is based on the content of the plot, some of them are built on a competitive basis. Separately, there are professional and intellectual contests. The basis for the emergence and development of such programs is the hidden tendency to search for a lost referent in conditions of hyper reality not only for the viewer, but also for the participants in their quest to fill the void of reference.
A Comparative Study of Knowledge and Practices about Plaque Control Methods Among Medical and Dental Students of Gandhara University Peshawar
Authors: Nizam Gul Sanga , Ahmad Shariq , Ahad Babar , Bano Saira , Afridi Saira
Published: March 2020

Back ground:Plaque control methods are one of the most important tools in promoting and improving oral health of an individual. Plaque can lead to the most prevalent oral diseases that are dental caries and gingivitis2.The available data on prevalence of dental caries show that Pakistan is a low caries country whereasthere is persistently high level of periodontal diseases3. Improvement of oral health by healthcare professional is a vital aspect of preventive dentistry 1.Objectives:The aim of the study was to assess and compare the knowledge and practices of medical and dental students of Gandhara University Peshawar about plaque control methods.Materials and methods:In a cross sectional study a total of 386 students were surveyed by using self administered structured questionnaires which covered student’s knowledge about plaque control methods, dental attendance and smoking. A total of 265 students responded with fully filled questionnaires out of which 121 were filled by medical students and 144 by dental students.Results:Almost 79.8% Dental students knew about plaque out of which 78(54.1%) students thought that iscaused by not cleaning the oral cavity and 65(45.1%) thought that it leads to dental caries. One hundred and thirty nine (96.5%) students clean their teeth out of which 93(64.5%) clean their teeth twice a day with a tooth brush. One hundred and eighteen (81.9%) have visited a dentist before out of which only 49(41.5%) went for regular checkup. Sixteen (11.1%) students smoke.Almost 61.1% Medical students knew about plaque out of which 41(33.8%) students thought that it is caused by not cleaning the oral cavity and 37(30.5%) students thought that it leads to dental caries.One hundred and fourteen (94.2%) students clean their teeth out of which 69(57%) clean their teethtwice a day with a tooth brush. Sixty nine (57%) students have visited a dentist before out of which only 26(37.6%) students went for regular checkup. Twenty nine (23.9%) students smoke.Conclusions:It is concluded that there is a marked difference between the knowledge and practices among themedical and dental students, and there is a need to enhance the knowledge of medical studentregarding dental attendance. Both need more awareness regarding plaque control methods to have a positive role in the oral health education of their patients and the community.Key words: Plaque control, dental attendance, tooth brushing, smoking
Level of Knowledge and Practice of Extented Program of Immunization Among Medical Students
Authors: Ambreen Aneela , . Rifayatullah , Iqbal Amina Zehra , Shadman Mohammad , Suleman Shams
Published: March 2020

Objectives:To determine the level of knowledge& practice regarding extended program of immunization (EPI) in Pakistan among medical students.Design:A questionnaire based survey done amongst the students of a medical college of Peshawar.Methodology:A questionnaire was developed in the line with study objectives and circulated among students of third, fourth and final year of a medical college of Peshawar .Fifty students were selected from each class randomly. They were provided the assurance regarding the confidentiality of their response.Results:Total of 150 students was interviewed .All students were in age group 20-25 yrs. Males were 42.6% and female were 57.4%. Good knowledge was observed in 27.3% of students, average knowledge was observed in 56.6% while 16% had poor level of knowledge. Regarding practice 78% used to recommend immunization to other while 22% did not give any advice regarding immunization to anyone .Most of the students having good knowledge were from final year class (16%).Conclusion:Efforts towards ensuring adequate exposure to immunization education during training years are need to eliminate one of the barriers to adequate immunization in children.
A Study of Patient’s Satisfaction Level with their Dental Appearance and Treatment they Desire to Improve Aesthetics at Sardar Begum Dental Hospital Peshawar
Authors: Abdullah Zainab , Ahmad Nazir , Afridi Saira
Published: March 2020

Objectives:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the patient satisfaction level with their dental appearance and treatment they desired to improve their facial aesthetics.Material & Methods:This cross-sectional study was performed out among 400 patients who visited the Sardar Begum Dental Hospital. A structured, interviewer-guided questionnaire was used to identify patient satisfaction level with their general dental appearance and desired treatments. Descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation (SD) for continuous variables and frequency and percentage for categorical variables were determined. The chi-square test was used to compare the age of patient’s satisfaction level with their dental appearance. The level of significance was set at 0.05.Results:Out of 400 patients, 39 % were males and 60% were females. Mean age recoded was 25.05+10.02 years. Of these patients, 64% were not satisfied with their general dental appearance. In addition, 59% were not happy with the color of their teeth, 51% regarded their teeth as poorly aligned. Dissatisfaction with tooth color was significantly higher in female than in male patients. Tooth whitening was the treatment most desired by patients (45.2%). 51% females, as compared to males, considered their teeth to be more poorly aligned i.e. and was 51%.Conclusions:Most patients in this study were not satisfied with their general dental appearance with a greater percentage of females expressing dissatisfaction than males. Age had an association with satisfaction level of the subjects. Unhappiness with tooth color and feelings of having protruding teeth also had a significant negative influence on patient satisfaction with general dental appearance.
Frequency of Diarrhoea and its Risk Factors among Children Under-Five Years of Age in Three Teaching Hospitals of Peshawar
Authors: Musa Nighat , Gul Riaz , Mehmood Yasir , . Shazma
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE:To determine the frequency of diarrhea and its risk factors among children under-five years of age.METHODOLOGY:Study design was descriptive observational. Duration of the study was three months (Jan – March 2014). Study was conducted in three tertiary hospitals of Peshawar namely Lady reading hospital, Khyber teaching hospital & Hayatabad Medical Complex.MATERIALS AND METHODS:Sample size for this study was calculated based on diarrhea prevalence of 21% in Peshawar by using WHO sample size calculator. A total of 450 children under 5 years of age who were attending outpatient department of three tertiary hospitals of Peshawar were studied. After getting consent from parents of children, data was collected from parents. A semi structured questionnaire was used as study tool. Data was presented in the form of tables and graphs.RESULTS:Frequency of diarrhea was found to be 59% among those 450 children who attended pediatric OPD. Most susceptible age group was less than 2 years (88%). Common risk factors found to be involved in cases of diarrhea were illiteracy of mothers 77%, poverty 86.4% parents were having household income less than 20,000 PKR per month, bottle feeding 34%, improper hygiene (83% either don’t wash or occasionally wash hands before feed, 52.3% mothers wash their hands with plain water after attending toilet), Joint families 58%, lack of proper immunization 54%, lack of clean drinking water 66%.CONCLUSIONS:Diarrhea is more common in younger children i.e.; less than 2 years of age. Illiteracy, low household income, bottle feeding, hand washing especially after attending toilet, joint family system and poor immunization status are the key risk factors.
Factors Associated with Endodontic Flare-Ups
Authors: Rehman Khattak Shakeel -Ur- , Sana Ruqayya , Khattak Yasir , Alam Faiz , Khan Muhammad Zain
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE:The objective of the current study was to determine the frequency and factors of endodontic flare-ups and to compare the post obturation pain in single visit and multi visit root canal therapy, at the department of operative dentistry Sardar Begum Dental College (SBDC), Peshawar.MATERIALS AND METHODS:It was a cross sectional study, carried out at the department of operative dentistry, Sardar Begum Dental College, Peshawar. A total sample of 200 subjects was studied. Treatment protocols were standardized and, after taking informed consent endodontic procedure was carried out. Chi-square test was used to explore the relationship between endodontic flare ups with study variables.RESULTS:Our sample consisted of 54% females and 46% males. Frequency of endodontic flare ups was experienced by 48% subjects.96.2% had used antibiotics, Endodontic flare ups was found to be significantly associated with gender, preoperative diagnosis ,preoperative pain and medication while it was not found to be associated with any other variable studied.CONCLUSION:It was concluded that prevalence of post preparation pain during root canal treatment was high and significantly affected by pre-operative pain, preoperative diagnosis and medication. However, careful selection and adherence to the basic principles of endodontic therapy may reduce the occurrence of flare ups.
Predisposing Factors and Treatment Outcome of Otomycosis
Authors: . Arifullah , Hassan Syed Zafar , Din Israr -Ud-
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to determine the predisposing factors and treatment outcomes of otomycosis.METHODS:This was an observational study conducted from July 2008 to August 2012 at ENT department of Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar. Total of 110 patients of all age and both sexes were selected from OPD for the study, using convenient sampling. The predisposing factors and treatment outcome of otomycosis were observed. Results were recorded in percentages.RESULTS:In our study we documented 110 patients having otomycosis. There were 57.3% (63/110) males and 42.7% (47/110) females. Patients ranged from 21 to 40 years were more affected. Mean follow up time was 2 years. The most common predisposing factors were swimming in 49.1% (54/110) patients followed by topical antibiotic drops, cerumen, immune-compromised status and hearing aid use. The most common presenting symptom was otalgia and itching ear in almost every patient 100% (110/110), followed by hearing loss and ear discharge. In our study 1% clotrimazole drops or lotion was applied to all patients after cleaning the fungus debris and cleansing the ear with acetic acid. The treatment outcome was resolution in 57.3%, residual 24.5% and recurrence 12.7%. 5.5% of patients did not come for follow up. The complications were TM perforation in 13.6% patients, serous otitis media in 3.6% and external auditory canal osteitis in 0.9%.CONCLUSION:Otomycosisis usually resolves with local toilet of ear and instillation of antifungal agents, however eradication of disease is difficult in presence of a mastoid cavity and immune-compromised patients.
Bartter Syndrome, a Rare Cause of Malnutrition in Children
Authors: Khaliq Abdul , . Rifayatullah , Ambreen Aneela
Published: March 2020

Three and half year old Haleema presented to OPD with complaints of failure to thrive polydipsia and polyuria. In past she visited different clinicians and hospitals. Scrutiny of the previous record showed alkalosis persistently, but other electrolytes values were different from different labs. We admitted her and investigations were repeated, which showed hypo-kalemia, hypo-chloremia, hypo-natremia, metabolic alkalosis, hyper-calciuria, and normal urine osmolality and specific gravity. Her plasma rennin and aldosterone level were also raised. She was discharged on treatment for Bartter syndrome. On follow up, 15 days later her weight and clinical symptoms were improved.
Complications of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media
Authors: . Arifullah , Hasan Syed Zafar , Gul Islam , Din Waqar -Ud- , Ahmad Aftab
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVEThe aim of the study was to find the complications of chronic suppurative otitis media.MATERIAL AND METHODSThe study was descriptive study conducted from 1st January 2008 to 31 December 2010 (3 years duration) at ENT department Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar. Total 250 patients of all age having complications due to chronic suppurative otitis media enrolled from admitted patients in ENT department Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar were included in the study, using convenience (non-probability) sampling.RESULTSIn total of 250 patients, all (100%) were having history of discharging ear, decreased hearing 250 (100%), earache in 75 (30%), fever in 31(12.4%), headache in 28 (11.2%), nausea and vomiting in 23 (9.2%) patients. The extracranial complications were found in 204/250 (81.6%) patients with mastoiditis being the most common in 155/204 (75.98%) patients followed by sensory reural hearing loss, post auricular abscess, facial paralysis, petrositis, labynthitis, Bezold’s abscess and cetili’s abscess in 7.84%, 6.37%, 5.88%, 1.7%, 0.98%, 0.98% and 0.49% patients respectively. While the intracranial complications were found in 46/250 (18.4%) patients with meningitis being the most common in 28/46 (60.9%) followed by brain abscess in 26%, lateral sinus thrombosis in 8.7% and otitic hydrocephalus in 4.4% patients.CONCLUSIONEarly detection and treatment of complications as a result of chronic suppurative otitis is vital to prevent morbidity and mortality.
The Frequency of Common Complications of Veress Needle in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Rahman Faiz -Ur- , Junaid Fazli , Khattak Bilal , Shah Azhar , Amin Arshad
Published: March 2020

METHODOLOGYThe study was conducted in department of surgery, Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar within six months and it was descriptive cross sectional study. In this study a total of 177 patients were observed. The age ranges were 21 to 65 years and male to female ratio was 1:2. The most common complication was abdominal wall hemorrhage in 22% patients while 18% patients had omental injury. The abdominal wall emphysema was observed in 10% patients.OBJECTIVETo determine the frequency of common complications of Veress Needle used for creating pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopic cholecystectomyCONCLUSIONOur study showed that veress needle technique is safe, easy and cost effective for primary access to create pneumoperitonium.
Pattern of Surgical Cases and its Management in Bacha Khan Medical Complex Shahmansoor Swabi
Authors: Amin Arshad , Rahman Faiz -Ur- , Junaid Fazli , Nisar Shahid
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVETo study the pattern of general surgery cases and their management in Bacha Khan Medical Complex Shahmansoor Swabi.METHODSThis descriptive cases-series study was conducted prospectively in general surgery department Bacha Khan Medical Complex Shahmansoor Swabi form jan, 2013 to Dec, 2015. There were 1200 patients in the series who were managed either conservatively or operated upon. All patients with symptoms suggesting a surgical disease and managed as a surgical case were included, while cases that were referred to other departments and those that left against medical advice were excluded.RESULTSMost of the patients had alimentary tract diseases 361(30%) followed by urinary tract diseases 264 (22%),superficial lumps 142 (11.8%), hernia 140 (11.7%), hepato-biliary-pancreatic diseases 116 (9.7%), breast diseases 55 (4.6%), scrotal diseases 41 (3.4%), thyroid diseases 28 (2.3%),salivary gland diseases 15 (1.3%), vascular diseases 8 (0.7%), thoracic diseases 2 (0.2%) and miscellaneous 28 (2.3%). A total of 604 (64.5%) patients were treated as elective cases and333 (35.5%). were treated as emergency cases. As many as 937 (74.08%) patient were treated by operations and 263 (21.92%) patients by conservative treatment, while 41 (3.41%) patients were referred. Seven patients expired, giving a mortality rate of 0.58%.CONCLUSIONThe commonest cause of seeking surgical care was alimentary tract diseases, followed by urinary tract diseases, superficial lumps, hernias, hepato-biliary-pancreatic diseases, breast diseases, scrotal diseases and thyroid diseases. Bacha Khan Medical Complex Shahmansoor Swabi is a newly established hospital catering to the needs of population of district Swabi and adjoining districts and areas.
Correlationof Mandibular Second Molar Caries with Patterns of Mandibular Third Molar Impaction
Authors: Ilyas Muhammad , Kundi Jawad Ahmad , Noor Irtifaq Ahmad , Zeb Obaid , Khan Salman
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVESThe aim of this study was to evaluate the relation of distal caries of second molar with patterns of impacted third molar.METHODOLOGYA retrospective study was carried out from January 2017 to June 2017.A total of 160 patients and 276 impacted teeth were selected with an age > 18 years. A single researcher assigned the diagnosis of caries and patterns of impacted teeth through clinical notes and orthopantomogram(OPG)which was reviewed by Head of Department. Winter’s and Pell and Gregory classification was used for impaction classification. The data was analyzed using SPSS 22.0 version. P ≤ 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.RESULTSFemale (56.3%) were predominant than male (43.8%) with mean age presentation was 24.2 ± 4.7 years.271 mandibular second molars were present. Vertical (64.5%) impaction was found to be the most frequent followed by mesioangular (19.6%). Pearson correlation showed that vertical impaction was significantly related to distal caries of second molar(Right side, r=.262 p=.002 and Left side, r=.240 p=.006).CONCLUSIONVertical impaction was positively related with distal caries therefore prophylactic removal of lower impacted teeth is recommended.
KAP study regarding ill effects of smoking over the health of people particularly oro-dental health and their prevention
Authors: Gul Riaz , Zarif Adil , Gul Hira
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTSThe effects of smoking on human health are serious and in many cases, deadly. There are approximately 4000 chemicals in cigarettes, hundreds of which are toxic. The ingredients in cigarettes affect everything from the internal functioning of organs to the efficiency of the body’s immune system; the effects of cigarette smoking are destructive and widespread. All forms of tobacco including cigars, smokeless tobacco, and huka pose dental health concernsOBJECTIVES:To Assess the knowledge/awareness, attitude and practices (KAP) of people about adverse effects of smoking on their health particularly oro-dental healthMETHODOLOGY:The study was conducted in two teaching hospital of Peshawar i.e. KCD (Khyber college of dentistry and SBDC (Sardar begum dental college).it was a cross sectional descriptive study carried out over400 patients who attended the OPD of these hospitals for some reasons. Approval of the study was taken from the ethical committees of both the hospitals. Non probability sampling technique was adopted for the study. All relevant information about the study was gathered with the help of semi structured questionnaire. Purpose of the study was explained to the patients. The study was conducted from May 2016 to November 2016. Patients with systemic diseases that could affect oro-dental health were excluded from the study. Data was presented in the form of tables and graphs.RESULTS:According to their dentist 52% of study patients had adverse oral hygiene. About 74.5% smokers were aware of adverse effects of smoking. 55% of the people who smoke cigarette are 21-30 years of age. 26.5% people smoked 1-3 times a day. . In a significant number of patients 41% people started smoking because of peer pressure. Mass media had a significant role in developing this habit. About 74.5% are aware of adverse effects of smoking and they consider that it causes bad effects on respiratory system and oral hygiene. Most of the smokers use tooth paste to get rid of bad breath. About 59% people visited dentist only when some oro-dental problem arises. According to dentist 39.5% of smokers have adverse oral health status.CONCLUSION:Despite of knowledge of adverse effects of smoking and complaining of bad breath and other conditions related to oro-dental hygiene, majority of them were engaged in regular smoking and they are still satisfied from their oral health ,
Prevalence of Hypertension in 500 Teachers of Peshawar University and its Associated Causative Factors
Authors: Gul Riaz , Gul Hira , Shehzad Sofia , Zarif Adil
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension in 500 teachers of Peshawar University and to study its associated causative factors. METHODOLOGY: A cross sectional study was conducted over 500 teachers from different departments of university of Peshawar from 15th September 2017 to 15th December 2017. Random sampling technique was used to collect the required sample size. All teachers who were involved in active teaching were included in sample while teachers with other major illness like diabetes or congenital heart defects were excluded from the study. A semi structured questionnaire was used as study tool for data collection. The information was collected and presented in the form of graphs and charts. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 17. RESULTS: 500 teachers from various departments of Peshawar University were interviewed. Out of them 353 (70.6%) were male and 147 (29.4%) were female. Out of the total sample population 128 had hypertension giving a prevalence of 25. 6%. Prevalence was high among teachers above 40 years of age (110 of 128) and those have a positive family history of hypertension (33% of hypertensive). 38.3% of the total overweight and 55. 6% of total obese were found to be hypertensive. 29. 3% of smokers were hypertensive as compared to 25.4% of non-smokers. All the hypertensive patients seemed to be stressed in one way or the other. CONCLUSION: The studies showed that the prevalence was high among teachers above 40 years of age, smokers and those having a stressful routine.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Harassment in Female Doctors and Nurses in Teaching Hospitals of KPK
Authors: Hussain Hamid , Rehman Inayat Ur , . Shukrullah , . Arusa , Bashir Sandara , Begum Mussarat , Jehan Sumbal , . Asfa
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVES:To determine the prevalence of physical and verbal harassment in nurses and doctors and to evaluate the associated factors which lead to harassment in Teachings Hospitals in Peshawar district in 2018.METHODOLOGY:Nurses and doctors of three government and one private hospital of District Peshawar were included in this study. Sample size was 384. Simple random sampling was used and those nurses and doctors having experience less than 6 months were excluded. A self-administered questionnaire was implemented having both closed and open-ended questions and a written informed consent was taken. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22.RESULTS:Out of 384 respondents 235 (61.3%) were harassed. Common type was verbal. Prevalence was more in nurses (69.5%) than doctors (52.2%), in non-pathan (73%), Muslim (62%), rural (67.2%), non-married (61.3%), younger age and in surgical and allied (65.5%) nurses and doctors. Main source of harassment were colleagues. More harassment occurs in wards and in night shift and among those nurses and doctors whose daily working hours are more than 8 hours (62.5%) and working experience is more than 4 years (64.6%).CONCLUSION:The prevalence of harassment in our study was 61.3% and significant associated factors of harassment in our study are ethnicity, daily working hours, duration of job, nature of duty, place of duty, religion, work specialty and assailant.KEYWORDS: Physical Harassment, Verbal Harassment, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Lady Doctors, Nurses
Illness Seeking Behavior and Self-Medication Practice Among Medical Students: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Musa Nighat , Mehmood Yasir , Khan Asghar
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVES: To determine the illness seeking behavior and self-medication among students of private medical college in Peshawar.METHODOLOGY:This study was a cross sectional descriptive study. It was conducted from September till December 2018. Study setting was a private medical college of Peshawar. A total of 250 students were recruited after taking well informed consent. Sampling technique was stratified sampling, from every academic year proportional number of students was selected for the study. Pilot study to check feasibility of questionnaire was done on 10% sample size. Data was collected from students by face-to-face interviews. Data was entered and analyzed in SPSS version 21. RESULTS:The study data regarding illness-seeking behaviors among medical students showed that 162 (64.8%) out of 250 practiced self-medication. The common illness was fever, headache and sore throat. Students used pain-killers and antibiotics without getting consultation. CONCLUSION:Self-medication is common among medical students of all five professional years in medical college of Gandhara University Peshawar. Regarding illness seeking behaviors most of the students preferred self-medication as most of the time medicines are available without prescription in the medical stores. However, still some percentage of students prefers to consult doctors or pharmacist before taking any medicine for their illness.KEYWORDS: Illness, Behavior, Self-Medication, Medical Students, Headache