bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the Impact of Flight Control Systems on Kinetosis of Helicopter Passengers
Authors:   University of Stuttgart, Özkurt Süleyman ,   Airbus Helicopters, Fischer Christian ,   Max Planck Institute of Biological Cybernetics, Bülthoff Heinrich , Fichter Walter
Published: September 2022

Disorientation, nausea, and vomiting of passengers that result from vehicle vibrations are characterized as kinetosis or motion sickness. It is mainly the low-frequency movements of these vehicles that contribute to the kinetosis of passengers. Frequencies that provoke kinetosis lie within the rigid-body flight characteristics of helicopters, which depend, among other things, on the design parameters of the flight control system. Moreover, the flight control system's reaction to atmospheric turbulence leads to low-frequency vibration that can result in kinetosis of the passengers and decrease the ride comfort of the helicopter. It is necessary to understand which movements of the helicopter cause kinetosis to develop countermeasures. Therefore, an extensive experimental campaign was conducted as part of a national research project. The campaign's results show that kinetosis in helicopters depends on the number of motion degrees of freedom and that the existing assessment method in ISO2631-1 is not able to reflect this correctly. Furthermore, based on the results, it can be assumed that the extent of kinetosis depends on the flight control system since the investigated flight control systems lead to different vibration spectra that expose the passengers. Therefore, consideration of kinetosis and thus ride comfort is recommended for the design procedure of future flight control systems.
Seeking Lift Share: Design Tradeoffs for a Winged Single Main Rotor Helicopter
Authors:   U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command AvMC, Lopez Mark ,   San Jose State University, Glover Emily , Berger Tom , Tobias Eric , Padthe Ashwani
Published: September 2022

A single main rotor helicopter with a wing is one proposed design for the U.S. Army Future Vertical Lift (FVL) Capability Set 1 (CS-1). While there are many single main rotor aircraft, there are a few with stub wing designs and even fewer with a large wing appropriate for high speed operating conditions expected for FVL. In this work, a flight dynamics model of generic single main rotor helicopter with a wing is designed to meet the FVL CS-1 class of aircraft. The generic design is derived from open literature and well studied UH-60A, Bo-105, and XV-15 aircraft. The design is implemented in a blade element flight dynamics model which is subsequently used to develop a preliminary flight control design. The complete aircraft design approach is detailed and design tradeoffs with respect to trim, flight dynamics, and maneuverability are presented.
Neuromuscular Response Comparison for Center and Side Stick Positions
Authors:   San Jose State University, Bachelder Edward ,   US Army DEVCOM AvMC, Lusardi Jeff ,   FAA, Aponso Bimal
Published: September 2022

Four Army pilots participated in a simulation experiment to examine the influence of stick location and sensitivity (gain) on pilot neuromuscular (NM) response, performance, and workload. The experiment employed an active inceptor that was positioned between the pilot's legs or, adjacent to the pilot's right side with an armrest. Two stick sensitivities that varied by a factor of four were evaluated using a single-axis compensatory tracking task in the longitudinal and the lateral axes. The experiment results identified two prominent NM modes at roughly 10 and 25 rad/s; stabilizing the elbow implicated the 10 rad/s mode with forearm motion, and wrist/finger motion with the mode at 25 rad/s. With the longitudinal task using the low stick gain, workload ratings were significantly higher for the side stick than the center stick. A preliminary analysis indicated that the greater resisting force between the forearm and non-compliant armrest (side stick configuration) relative to the resisting force between the forearm and leg (center stick configuration) may be a key factor in the higher workload. This suggests that a side stick's gain in the longitudinal axis should be a function of task such that control displacements are generally small. Overall workload during manual tasks would benefit if this approach were applied to all control axes. A second study was conducted to investigate the significant effect of stick gain on crossover frequency that was observed in the first experiment. These results showed that the ratio of stick rate to stick amplitude is directly proportional to crossover frequency, and that a tradeoff between rate and amplitude reflected by changing crossover is similar to the phenomenon described by Fitts Law, where manual movement time is related to the distance travelled. The implications for design are that stick travel can affect performance much more than stick force provided the stick dynamics do not adversely interact with the NM system. It is recommended that the feel system mode should lie between the forearm and wrist/finger NM modes, and that stick sensitivity selection should be based on mission and operating environment.
Helicopter Gearbox Mechanical Classification based on Vibration Pattern Recognition
Authors:   Airbus Helicopters, Camerini Valerio , Aubin Valentin , Mechouche Ammar
Published: September 2022

In this paper, unsupervised data analysis methods are used in order to characterize helicopter gearbox mechanical components based on their vibration pattern. Differently from classical vibration health monitoring systems applications, where the objective is to detect early symptoms of impending mechanical degradations, the proposed methodology aims at characterizing the components vibration in their nominal state. The purpose is to identify systematic manufacturing or installation deviations affecting the vibration signature. This allows on one hand for a proactive analysis of the consequences of such deviations, and on the other, it helps explaining vibration indicators variability within traditional health monitoring applications. By combining features extraction, data reduction and clustering techniques, it is shown how it is possible to detect patterns in the vibration signatures from a set of helicopter pinions, ultimately leading to characterizing their main manufacturing differences. These first results give encouraging perspectives for further developments.
Active-Sensing Acousto-Ultrasound-based Rotorcraft Structural Health Monitoring via Adaptive Functional Series Models
Authors:   Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Ahmed Shabbir , Zhou Peiyuan , Kopsaftopoulos Fotis
Published: September 2022

In this work, the experimental assessment of the damage diagnosis performance of a full-scale rotorcraft blade is performed via stochastic time-varying time series models in the context of active sensing acousto-ultrasound guided wave-based damage detection and identification scheme. Ultrasonic guided waves, that are dispersive in nature, are represented via functional series time-varying autoregressive (FS-TAR) models. Next, the estimated time-varying model parameters are employed within a statistical decision-making framework to tackle damage detection and identification under predetermined type I error probability levels. Damage detection and identification based on coeff icients of projection (COP) as well as time-varying model parameters are shown. Both damage intersecting and non-intersecting paths are considered in a full-scale rotorcraft blade as well as in an aluminum plate in pitch-catch configuration for the complete experimental assessment. The detailed damage diagnosis results are presented and the method's robustness, effectiveness, and limitations are discussed.
Air Entrapment Prediction in Composite Manufacturing
Authors:   Sikorsky a Lockheed Martin Company, West Michael ,   Lockheed Martin Corporation, Nguyen Felix , Chen Yih-Farn , Cournoyer Benjamin
Published: September 2022

Rotorcraft are highly engineered systems designed to perform missions in extreme locations around the world. To accommodate harsh environments and non-trivial cyclical loading conditions, components are commonly fabricated using advanced materials including composites. Dynamic load bearing thick laminate components are particularly challenging to produce due to the potential for entrapped air to be present within a fully cured component. A proofof-concept model was developed to predict entrapped air and out-gassing. Thermo-chemical and flow-compaction finite element analyses were completed using a combination of commercial-off-the-shelf software and a custom proof-of-concept model developed by Convergent Manufacturing Technologies, Inc. Predicted results were compared against defects observed within laminated composites fabricated in a laboratory environment. Initial finite element predictions agreed moderately well with entrapped air observations.
Comprehensive Analysis and Configuration of a Control Loading Solution for a Rotary Wing Flight Simulator
Authors:   Politecnico di Torino, Rinaldi Marco ,   ZHAW, Capone Pierluigi , Guglieri Giorgio
Published: September 2022

This paper presents the design methodologies of a Control Loading System (CLS) drive model for the Research and Didactics Simulator (ReDSim) of the Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW). The analysis of the CLS hardware and interface software is presented. The CLS drive model is intended as an irreversible flight control system of a rotary wing aircraft's collective control, with trim system and force feedback capabilities, mainly as a function of the lever's position. The CLS motor's control parameters are set to fit the application's performance requirements. The drive model is developed in MATLAB/Simulink and is integrated with the XV-15 tiltrotor model of the ReDSim. Two different system identification techniques, the Least Squares and a convex relaxation-based Set-Membership approach, are used to estimate the parameters of the CLS hardware and consequently assess its fidelity to a model of reference. The implementation in the ReDSim has been rated by the pilot according to the Cooper-Harper handling qualities rating scale.
Dual-Engine Failure Emergency Procedure Development Using an Engineering Simulator
Authors:   Turkish Aerospace, Okcu Ilgaz , Sansal Kaan , Uysal Ilker , Virlan Gokhan
Published: September 2022

Assessment of rotorcraft performance following an engine failure is necessary to ensure its safe operation. During the rotorcraft certification process, demonstration of compliance to power-off landing requirements is one of the most challenging flight test phases. For these types of flight activities, using a simulation approach not only provides safety, reduction of cost and effectiveness but also allows training of the flight test team beforehand. Since loss of engine power is regarded as one of the most critical failure scenarios, extensive training of the flight test team is required to improve autorotation performance, i.e., managing available energy at the rotors. This paper is focused on evaluation of autorotation characteristics of the T-625 light utility helicopter in a simulator environment. Experience gained from this work guided both design engineers and flight test team towards initial preparation of dual-engine failure emergency procedure in the rotorcraft flight manual.
Implementation and Linearization of a Rotor Simulation with a State-Space Free-Vortex Wake Model
Authors:   Auburn University, Saetti Umberto ,   Pennsylvania State University, Horn Joseph
Published: September 2022

This paper describes the implementation and linearization of a free-vortex wake model in state-variable form as applied to a helicopter rotor. Following a detailed mathematical description, the wake model is implemented for a UH-60 rotor and tested in forward flight and for simple control inputs. A periodic solution to the wake model is found by time marching the coupled rotor and vortex wake dynamics. Next, linearized harmonic decomposition models are obtained and validated against nonlinear simulations. Order reduction methods are explored to guide the development of linearized wake models that provide increased runtime performance compared to the nonlinear and linearized harmonic decomposition wake models while guaranteeing satisfactory prediction of the periodic response of the wake.
A Multirotor Inflow Model Based on Combined Momentum Theory and Simple Vortex Theory (CMTSVT) for Flight Simulations
Authors:   German Aerospace Center (DLR), Guner Feyyaz
Published: September 2022

This paper extends the recently developed combined momentum theory and simple vortex theory (CMTSVT) multirotor inflow model for dynamic simulations. Previous comparison studies of the CMTSVT inflow model have shown that the model captures fundamental rotor-on-rotor inflow interference effects of various multirotor configurations in steady flow conditions. In this study, an output-coupled model structure widely used in the literature is followed to transform the formulation of the CMTSVT inflow model to a form that can be used in time marching simulations. Inflow components of the new formulation converge to the original values in steady flight conditions, which indicates a successful reformulation. The proposed model can be used for rapid estimation of vehicle performance as well as f light dynamics simulations and handling qualities analyses.
Operations Study on a Multimodal Transport using Cargo eVTOL Aircrafts and High-Speed Rail
Authors:   Yamato Transport Co. Ltd., Ito Yu , Tsuge Haruki
Published: September 2022

This study discusses how cargo eVTOL operations can collaborate with high-speed rail (HSR) in the context of rapid freight delivery. Operational aspects of eVTOL and HSR is discussed to reveal that their combination will enable a flexible and economic rapid delivery. Although HSR logistics have not been largely introduced in Japan so far, collaboration between a long-undergoing development project regarding HSR - the free gauge train (FGT) - could have synergy with eVTOL logistics. The discussion here also shows how the operational design will be affected by local constraints and social features.
Automated Tracking and Forms Management of Serialized Parts
Authors:   AVX Aircraft Company, Brown Ian ,   Texas Tech University, Le Dy ,   GE Aviation, Schoonveld Steven ,   U.S. Army DEVCOM AvMC, Moffatt John , Pearce Corey , Augustin Mike
Published: September 2022

Ongoing aircraft status, maintenance actions, and operational history are mostly entered manually using a variety of data forms. This manual process inherently introduces errors, inaccurate data, and outdated configuration into aircraft maintenance records. These data errors can either endanger aircraft by delaying required maintenance actions or trigger unnecessary maintenance activities resulting in increased down time of aircraft that are fully mission capable. The US Army has identified a fundamental need for autonomous parts tracking and management as an underlying capability to alleviate maintenance burdens and the associated increased cost. Further, autonomously tracking remaining useful life (RUL) based on actual mission profiles can safely extend component Time-on-Wing (TOW), significantly reducing maintenance costs. Using mature components, it was demonstrated how manual data input for parts tracking, maintenance records management, and report generation can be automated, greatly increasing the health state awareness of each aircraft. The development of this technology is mission-critical and allows the Army to realize unprecedented levels of readiness, cost effectiveness, and safety.
Relative Adhesive Wear Performance of Rolling Element Bearings Material Pairs
Authors:   The Timken Company, Sadinski Robert , Hager(Jr.) Carl , Prock Dave
Published: September 2022

The relative adhesive wear performance of rolling element bearing material pairs was evaluated using a constant entrainment stepped slide-to-roll (SRR) test protocol. Raceway materials included M50, M50NiL, 440C, and powder metallurgy M62 (M62 PM). Rolling element materials included M50, 440C, and Si3N4. The material interfaces of both all-steel and hybrid configurations were ranked based on the survived SRR. The Si3N4 and steel hybrid pairing increased the adhesive wear resistance, reduced the tractive effort of the contact, and enabled operation with reduced component temperatures throughout each test. Post-test wear track morphology and chemistry were investigated using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. Steel alloying elements and elevated levels of oxygen were identified within the Si3N4 wear track from each hybrid material pair.
Dynamic Simulation of a Rotor System with Variable Speed
Authors:   Technical University Wien, Bischläger Mario ,   Technical University Munich, Koch Jonas ,   Zoerkler Gears GmbH and Co KG, Gross Christopher , Poks Agnes , Weigand Michael
Published: September 2022

Current concepts for fast rotorcraft and tiltrotor-/tiltwing aircraft require a speed variation in a wide range; this wide range cannot be covered by varying only the turbine speed. Such new aircraft under development require a rotor system with a large rotor speed variation but constant turbine speed which leads to the consequence that a transmission with a variable ratio during flight is necessary. TU Munich, TU Wien and Zoerkler gears work in the funded research projects VARI-SPEED and VARI-SPEED II on a solution "constant turbine speed / variable rotor speed" that consists of a transmission with variable ratio and a rotor system with rotor head and rotor blades for variable rotor speed. The helicopter UH-60A from Sikorsky Aircraft is used as reference.

The project VARI-SPEED showed the feasibility of a rotor system with variable speed. In the current project VARISPEED II the dynamic simulation of the system is built up. The paper describes the approach to the simulation and shows first results for each component. After completion of the simulation the elaborated rotor control will be implemented in a flight simulator for evaluation by pilots.
A Method to Reduce Rotorcraft Development Risk by Integrating Historical Quantitative Risk Assessment into Fault Tree Models
Authors:   Sikorsky a Lockheed Martin Company, Pham Loan (Joan) , Hewitt John
Published: September 2022

Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) is performed during vertical lift product development, but only an estimation of the probability of component failures can be made at that point of product design and development. Estimation of component failure probability during FTA typically does not account for component aging, installation effects, maintenance actions, and other factors encountered in operation, which can lead to under prediction, resulting in identification of hazards during test, evaluation, and deployment. Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) is typically performed during fleet operation. Efforts to eliminate hazards or mitigate risks are less effective and much more costly in this phase of the product lifecycle compared to proactively addressing hazards early in development. If the risk of failures could be accurately predicted earlier, hazards could be addressed early in the process. Such a method is presented here, where historical QRA for similar hazards can be integrated into the FTA. This would reduce cost, schedule, and safety risks by reducing the risk of failure during ground and flight test and in fleet operation.
Housing and Bearing Deformation Interaction of Large Size Bearings
Authors:   Sikorsky a Lockheed Martin Company, Xu Biqiang (Johnny)
Published: September 2022

The traditional studies [1, 3] of bearing deflection and load cannot consider the interaction of bearing deflections at radial, axial and tilting directions. Swashplate bearings, rotor bearings, and etc. are usually of large size and mounted on flexible bearing housing, it makes the housing and bearing deform in all directions. The interaction between housing and bearing races is no longer negligible. On the other hand, modeling contact status between rolling elements and bearing race way in the housing-bearing assembly finite element model is too complicated and not practical for engineering analyses. In this study, multi-scale finite element model is developed for the system with rolling element bearings to investigate the interaction of housing and bearing race deformations. Rolling elements are simplified as spring element to make the system level finite element model executable. Hertzian contact theory is employed to determine roller compression non-linear stiffness. Clearance and preload can be considered in the stiffness curve. The result provides correct stiffness and load distribution for housing design. FEA submodel is used for local detailed roller contact analysis. It provides detailed bearing contact analysis of interested individual roller for detailed bearing design.
Verification and Validation (V&V) of Numerical Helicopter Airframe Model for Dynamic and Static Finite Element Analysis
Authors:   Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Seo Junhyeon ,   Columbia Helicopters Inc., Fisher Courtney , Kaudur Srivatsa , Agarwal Mayank , Kapania Rakesh , Pilkington Larry
Published: September 2022

In this research, Columbia Helicopters, Inc. (CHI) and Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University collaborated to conduct the numerical model Verification and Validation (V&V) of a Global Finite Element Model (GFEM) of a tandem rotor helicopter developed by CHI. The V&V process is followed based on the ASME V&V guide for computational solid mechanics. The target mathematical model is verified with a convergence study by improving the mesh density and quality. For the model validation, the authors compare the dynamic and static finite element analyses (FEA) with the experimental results. During 1980s, NASA along with some industry participants pursued a Design Analysis Methods for Vibration (DAMVIBS) project to develop and validate accurate FEM based framework for dynamic analysis of helicopters. This work utilizes NASA's DAMVIBS project results to validate the dynamic responses for vertical, lateral, and pitch loading cases. In addition, for static validation, the authors have used CHI's static pull experimental data. This data includes measured strain values at various locations on the fuselage structure. Both dynamic and static FEA results match within 10 % of the DAMVIBS and static pull experimental results, respectively. Thus, this study successfully validates the reliability of the numerical model.
Airframe Structural Sizing Automation
Authors:   Sikorsky a Lockheed Martin Company, Joseph Anthony , Koeppel Anne , Daley Robert
Published: September 2022

Determining the optimum cross section for each primary structural member of an airframe structure has always been an iterative process since changing the stiffness of one member redistributes loads. Each iteration of internal loads calculations with a global aircraft finite element model (GFEM) followed by strength and stability checks results in further cross section changes (sizings) to reduce weight or regain positive margins of safety. The handoffs between tools and the update process for the next iteration is time consuming and has many opportunities for errors. This paper will describe a tool developed at Sikorsky to automatically iterate sizings saving development time and executing more sizing iterations than historically possible which saves weight. The tool can operate on metallic and composite structures. The development time and weight savings is critical to support ever shrinking time to fielding/market for commercial and military models.
Flight Test Validation of Thrust Axis Tactile Cueing System on AW609 Tiltrotor
Authors:   Leonardo Helicopters, DeNicola Lucia , Belluomini Luca , Haidar Ahmad , Xiao Sid
Published: September 2022

Rotorcraft generations are defined by concurrent paradigm advances, and a key theme of next generation rotorcraft is the reduction of pilot workload through state-of-the-art fly-by-wire systems. A means of reducing pilot workload is envelope protection - allowing the crew to spend less time managing physical aspects of the aircraft and more time managing the mission. Tiltrotors operate in a wide envelope, hovering near the ground and cruising at 25,000 feet. The power management system needs to be versatile to protect against operating above transmission limits in helicopter mode and engine limits at high altitude in airplane mode. In this implementation, tactile cueing is used to provide the pilot immediate feedback to and management of the transmission torque. Through flight test, the methodology of power management using a first-limit based tactile cueing system is validated. This paper describes the feedback scheme as realized in the flight control system, then the dedicated engine handling flight test campaign and subsequent experimental results are presented.
Transition Trajectory Planning and Control for Quadrotor Biplanes in Obstacle Cluttered Environments
Authors:   Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, McIntosh Kristoff ,   DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory, Reddinger Jean-Paul , Kim Jae , Mishra Sandipan
Published: September 2022

This paper presents a trajectory planner and a control architecture capable of guiding a quadrotor biplane tailsitter (QRBP) through obstacle cluttered environments. The trajectory planner is formulated as an optimization problem that uses a differentially flat, point-mass model of a QRBP that considers wake effects on the aerodynamic forces generated during transition. Obstacle avoidance is realized as a state constraint in the optimization problem that defines 'no-flight zones' or regions where the QRBP cannot enter based on obstacle size and safety clearance requirements. The 6DOFcontrol architecture is designed as a set of cascaded dynamic inversion controllers that use the aerodynamic feedforward signals produced by the trajectory planner to complete the inversion in the outer loop. To show the effectiveness of the obstacle avoidance path planning methodology, time-optimal trajectories are generated for two f light missions (the hover to forward flight and vice versa) through cluttered environments. The control architecture is validated on these two cases using a high fidelity flight dynamics simulation of a QRBP. The computational efficiency of the trajectory planner and the tracking performance of the control architecture are then empirically validated.
Feature-Based Vision For Stochastic Motion Tracking Under Partial Occlusion
Authors:   University of Maryland, Shastry Abhishek , Datta Anubhav , Chopra Inderjit
Published: September 2022

This work is a continuation of the ship-deck landing research presented at VFS Forum 2021, which established a vision-based method to track ship-deck motion before landing when conditions are favorable. This paper makes advancements on two fronts: 1) Demonstrating the effect of velocity feedback on tracking stochastic deck motion, and 2) Developing a new feature-based vision system to detect and track decks in a wide range of challenging environments. The new vision system can detect decks in occlusion as high as 95%. It can also handle a wide range of illumination conditions varying from 20,000 lux of a bright day to 0.01 lux of a dark room. Moreover unlike fiducial-based vision systems that require a custom well designed marker or tag to work, the new vision system can work with generic ship-decks or landing platforms.
Flight Test Measurement of Quadrotor Performance at Varying Sideslip Angles
Authors:   The Ohio State University, McCrink Matthew , Seth Dhuree , Herz Sage
Published: September 2022

This research investigated the effects of the aerodynamic interaction of the rotor-rotor and the rotor-body as the vehicle transitions between the plus (+) and cross configurations (×), through flight testing. A highly-instrumented vehicle was used to measure the change in rotor performance across skew angles ranging from-45◦ to 45◦ for various vehicle speeds. In addition, the work also addresses the uncertainty associated with external sources such as wind, which has a first-order importance to the trim attitude, and hence the thrust and moments generated by the rotors. The flight-test data demonstrates the variation in performance owing to interactions between the rotors and body structure for a range of vehicle flight speeds and skew angles.
The associations of job strain and leisure-time physical activity with the risk of hypertension: the population-based Midlife in the United States cohort study
Authors: Liu Xinyue , Matthews Timothy A. , Chen Liwei , Li Jian
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVES: Job strain is positively associated with incident hypertension, while increasing leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) can reduce incident hypertension. However, the joint associations of job strain and LTPA with incident hypertension among United States workers have yet to be investigated. This study examined the independent and joint associations of job strain and LTPA with incident hypertension.METHODS: This prospective cohort study (n=1,160) utilized data from the population-based Midlife in the United States study. The associations of job strain and LTPA at baseline with incident hypertension during follow-up were examined using Cox proportional hazards models. High job strain was derived from a combination of high job demands and low job control, and high LTPA was defined as engagement in moderate or vigorous LTPA at least once per week.RESULTS: During 9,218 person-years of follow-up, the hypertension incidence rate was 30.6 (95% confidence interval [CI], 27.3 to 34.3) per 1,000 person-years. High job strain was associated with a higher risk for hypertension than low job strain (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.29; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.67). High LTPA was associated with lower hypertension risk than low LTPA (aHR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.60 to 0.98). Hypertension risk was higher among workers with high job strain and low LTPA than among those with low job strain and high LTPA (aHR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.18 to 2.43).CONCLUSIONS: Job strain and LTPA showed positive and inverse associations, respectively, with incident hypertension. The combination of high job strain and low LTPA was associated with the highest risk for hypertension.
Ledger to ledger: off- and on-chain auditing of stablecoin
Authors:   University of Aveiro, Moura de Carvalho Rubens , Coelho Inácio Helena ,   University of Aveiro, Figueiredo Marques Rui Pedro ,   University of Aveiro
Published: September 2022

To assess the financial statements of companies that invest in stablecoin, a digital representation of a fiat currency managed and backed by a blockchain, the auditor must collect evidence of transactions from the blockchain (on-chain) or from an off-chain ledger managed by an intermediary. This study aims to expand the understanding of such transactions, outline possible configurations for the recognition of stablecoin balances and transactions in financial statements, and audit procedures for collecting evidence of these transactions. Based on actual transactions of stablecoin registered on the Ethereum blockchain, we present a hypothetical case of the accounting history of an audited company to demonstrate the challenges in establishing accounting and audit procedures for these novel transactions. We observe an abundance, diversity, and unprecedentedness in the stablecoin transactions studied. We further identify the need to adapt current audit procedures and create new ones, and rethink the very process of doing so. The findings could help auditors obtain more significant knowledge of the information required to assess a company’s financial statements when such statements include stablecoin transactions. In addition, the study addresses the evolving relationship between auditing, accounting, and information technology, and the problems in integrating accounting and information technology.
Occupational exposure risk to radiation in open cast artisanal and small-scale gold mining in Western Kenya
Authors: Buyela Charles , Njogu Paul , Kikuvi Gideon , Kamau Joseph , Mburu Charles
Published: September 2022

Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASSGM) is practiced at open-cast gold mines in Western Kenya. Mining is still going on in deep mines, with huge tailings littering the workplace for most miners. This mining exercise brings to the surface myriad radioactive materials from the earth’s crust, which pose physical and radiation hazards to miners. The aim of this study was to determine occupational exposure to radiation at artisanal gold mining sites. Four sites were studied for a period of six months. Environmental radiation exposure levels were measured using the Geiger Mueller tube (GMT) model; PHYWE, whereas thermoluminescent dosimeter badges (TLB) 802A were used to record personal radiation exposure levels. d-Orbital Limited Company provided UD-716AGL, used to read the radiation levels from the TLB. Exposure levels were reported in terms of monthly skin, eye, and body exposures. Results revealed an increase in counts per minute with an increase in depth in a range of 19.83 ± 3.87 to 27.83 ± 2.10 and a mean of 23.62 ± 5.17 cpm. Personal effective radiation exposure doses for the skin, eye and body were 0.19 ± 0.01, 0.19 ± 0.01 and 0.18 ± 0.015 for two sites in Western Kenya, whereas those in Nyanza had 0.27 ± 0.01, 0.27 ± 0.01 and 0.25 ± 0.05 mSv on skin, eye and body. The maximum dose threshold limit was estimated at 1.67 mSv per month. There was no significant difference in the radiation exposure of the eye, skin, and body between the sites as indicated by χ2 = 2.0 and p = 0.157 (at p<0.05) with df = 1. The study revealed that workers are exposed to ionising radiation, but the measured levels were within safe limits.
Pomza agregası içeren hafif geopolimer kompozitin ötojen rötre ve mikroyapısal özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesi
Authors: EKMEN Şevin , MERMERDAŞ Kasım , ALGIN Zeynep
Published: September 2022

Geopolimer üretimi, çimento kullanımının devre dışı bırakılarak yapı sektörüne alternatif bağlayıcı malzeme sunulmasına olanak sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, farklı sodyum hidroksit (SH) molariteleri, sodyum silikat/sodyum hidroksit (SS/SH) oranları ve alkali/uçucu kül (A/UK) oranları ile hazırlanan jeopolimer kompozitlerin mikroyapısal özelliklerinin yanı sıra otojen büzülme sonuçları da araştırılmıştır. A/UK, SS/SH oranlarının düşmesi ve SH molaritesinin artması basınç dayanımının artmasına rötre değerlerinin ise azalmasına neden olmuştur. XRD sonuçları irdelendiğinde, SH konsantrasyonundaki artışın geopolimer jeldeki fazların yeniden düzenlenmesine ve basınç dayanımında iyileşme ile sonuçlanan daha yüksek miktarda reaksiyon ürünü oluşumuna olanak sağladığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca FTIR sonuçları göstermiştir ki, A/UK oranının 0.55'ten 0.45'e düşmesi 3400 cm-1 civarında daha yüksek absorbans spektrumları ile geopolimerizasyon aşamasında daha fazla suyun bağlanması ile sonuçlanmıştır.
Pengaruh Pelatihan Kader Kesehatan Jiwa dalam Peningkatan Pengetahuan, Keterampilan, Sikap, Persepsi dan Self Efficacy Kader Kesehatan Jiwa dalam Merawat Orang dengan Gangguan Jiwa
Authors: Amiyati Hasan Linda , Pratiwi Ayu , Sari Rina Puspita
Published: September 2022

Latar belakang: Gangguan jiwa merupakan penyimpangan perilaku akibat adanya permasalahan dalam emosi sehingga terlihat tidak wajar. Terbatasnya jumlah kader kesehatan jiwa tidak sebanding dengan jumlah orang dengan gangguan jiwa (ODGJ) yang terus bertambah. Pengetahuan kader tentang kesehatan jiwa akan mempengaruhi perilaku kader untuk berperan serta dalam mengatasi permasalahan kesehatan jiwa. Tujuan Mereview dan membandingkan kesamaan beberapa hasil penelitian tentang pengaruh pelatihan kader kesehatan jiwa terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan, keterampilan, sikap, persepsi dan self efficacy dalam merawat orang dengan gangguan jiwa (ODGJ). Metode: Literature review dengan pendekatan PRISMA dengan tahun terbit artikel 2016 sampai Juni 2020. Pencarian artikel selama Juni 2020 menggunakan lima Database Pubmed, Sciencedirect, Portal Garuda, Directory Open Access Journals (DOAJ) dan Google Scholar untuk artikel dengan desain quasi eksperimen. Hasil: Dari keenam artikel menyatakan ada pengaruh pelatihan kader kesehatan jiwa terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan, keterampilan, sikap, persepsi dan self efficacy dalam merawat ODGJ. Metode pelatihan yang digunakan diantaranya ceramah, demonstrasi, diskusi kelompok, sketsa kasus, permainan peran, studi kasus dan kunjungan rumah. Jumlah sampel dalam artikel rentang 27-62 responden. Diskusi dan Kesimpulan: Kader kesehatan jiwa baik yang baru maupun lama memerlukan pelatihan sebagai penyegaran dan meningkatkan kemampuan terhadap ilmu atau metode yang baru. Pelatihan yang diberikan kepada kader kesehatan jiwa dilakukan agar ada perubahan perilaku dengan meningkatnya self efficacy dalam diri kader kesehatan jiwa
Hubungan Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Perilaku Pekerja Laundry terhadap Dermatitis Kontak di Kecamatan Bebesen Kabupaten Aceh Tengah
Authors: Warahmah Mawaddah
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat apakah terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku terhadap dermatitis kontak, desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi cross sectional dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer yang di peroleh dari hasil penyebaran kesioner kepada 30 responden yang bekerja sebagai pencuci. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah uji chi square. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian telah dilakukan Uji Chi-square diperoleh nilai asymp. sig. > (α = 0.05) pada variabel Pengetahuan dan Perilaku, yaitu 0.419 > 0.05 dan 0.801 > 0.05, sehingga H0 diterima dan H1 ditolak yang menyatakan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara Dermatitis Kontak dengan Pengetahuan dan Perilaku pencuci pada laundry yang berada di Kecamatan Bebesen Kabupaten Aceh Tengah. Sedangkan pada variabel Sikap diperoleh nilai asymp. sig. < (α = 0.05), yaitu 0.027 < 0.05, sehingga H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima yang menyatakan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara Dermatitis Kontak dengan Sikap.
Tinjauan Literatur Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Terhadap Perilaku Inisiasi Menyusui Dini (Imd) Pada Ibu Postnatal
Authors: Nurseha
Published: September 2022

The early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) in postnatal is still a health problem in the world. The prevalence of EIBF in one of the Government Hospitals in Tangerang City in the period January-July 2020 shows that 25.4%. Meanwhile, report in District of Banten Province in December 2018 showed 53.18%. Limited knowledge and experience triggers the behavior of EIBF and lactation is not optimal. Health education is present as an alternative solution in increasing the knowledge and understanding of postnatal about breastfeeding. The research objective was to review articles on the relation of health education on early initiation breastfeeding (EIBF) behavior in postnatal by searching and gathering information and conducting analysis. The research design used literature review on 20 articles from 2016-2019 which were taken from databases such as Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, Research Gate and Elsevier. The results of the analysis of various studies concluded that there was a significant relationship between health education and early breastfeeding behavior (EIBF) (p-value <0.005). EIBF behavior in postnatal is far from satisfactory. The prevalence of EIBF behavior in various regions of the world shows more than half of mothers delay initiating breastfeeding. Health education about EIBF needs to be carried out in a planned, structured, massive, consistent and sustainable manner
Os impactos que o ambiente metalúrgico provoca nas emoções: estudo de caso em uma empresa de Lucas do Rio Verde-MT, Brasil
Authors: Nyari Nádia Ligianara Dewes , Babinski Carla , Mazzutti Kaira ,  Bohm Geverson Tobias , Bohm Sandra Ines Horn
Published: September 2022

Quando nos referirmos a emoções no ambiente corporativo, estamos no especialmente as dificuldades enfrentadas para atingir nossos objetivos e metas, fazendo que administremos de forma positiva as relações a partir dos sentimentos, toleramos frustrações e tudo aquilo que foge ao nosso controle. Nesse sentido o objetivo desse estudo foi verificar a forma que as emoções impactam nas atividades do cotidiano dos colaboradores dentro de um ambiente organizacional. Tendo como objeto, uma empresa do ramo metalúrgico localizada na cidade de Lucas do Rio Verde – MT. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de um questionário composto de 28 (vinte oito) questões abertas e fechadas e aplicado a equipe composta de 25 (vinte e cinco) pessoas nos mais diversos setores, no segundo semestre de 2018. Os principais resultados encontrados foram de que as emoções possuem grande impacto sobre as atividades do dia a dia nas organizações, entretendo os profissionais são contratados por habilidades técnicas e não por inabilidades comportamentais. Na organização pesquisada os colaboradores estão no geral satisfeitos com o que a corporação lhes proporciona, com 96% dos colaboradores responderam que as emoções não interferem nas necessidades já que todas as necessidades são supridas. A gestão das emoções está se tornando um diferencial, no qual muito não sabem trabalhar em equipe e levam problema de casa para a empresa
Improvement of Governing Control System Using Fuzzy Logic Controller in a CCGT Plant
Authors:   Electrical and Electronic Institute, M’hamed Bougara, University, Boumerdes, Algeria, Tala D.
Published: September 2022

In recent decades, there are considerable progressions research in modelling, simulation and control strategies. The advanced technologies in the combined cycle power plants offers more effectiveness and lower environmental effect compared to the conventional systems. Fuzzy logic control is one of the frequently advanced controllers may well improve the performance of the control system in the power plant. This study focuses on the improvement of governing control system by using fuzzy logic controller. Thus, a combined cycle gas turbine plant has been modelled and simulated on MATLAB/Simulink, and a fuzzy logic controller was implemented. The simulation results are compared with that of conventional PID controller tuned by Ziegler Nichols method.
How is the Lifestyle of Gastritis Patients?
Authors:   Department of Nursing, Poltekkes Kemenkes Denpasar, Indonesia
Published: September 2022

Lifestyle is showing how people live, how to spend money, and how to allocate time. The purpose of this study is to describe the lifestyle of gastritis patients in Banjar Pemijian Sangeh, Abiansemal District, Badung Regency in 2021. This research is a descriptive study with a quantitative design. The approach used is approach cross sectional. The sampling method in this study is Probability Sampling with simple Random Sampling. The research was conducted in February-April 2021 in Banjar Pemijian Sangeh with a total sample of 39 respondents. The results of this study in terms of the characteristics of the respondents, it was found that the average age of those suffering from gastritis from 16-55 years was 26.59 years, with 17 respondents (43.6%) of undergraduate education, and the majority working as private employees as many as 16 people (41.4%). Based on the results of the lifestyle research on gastritis patients who have good eating and drinking habits as many as 31 people (79.50%), and 9 people (23.10%) have sufficient smoking behavior, and good physical activity respondents at the age of 16 -25 years as many as 31 people (79.50), and respondents with a good stress level with 79.50% were 31 people. For gastritis patients, it is hoped that a healthy and good lifestyle can prevent the onset of gastritis.
The Effect of Community Based Tourism Perceptions on Sustainability Performance through Mediation of Community Participation in Pinggan Tourism Village
Authors:   Warmadewa University, Bali, Indonesia
Published: September 2022

This study aims to determine how the role of community participation in mediating the relationship between perceptions of community based tourism and the sustainability performance of the tourism industry. This research was conducted in Pinggan Village by taking 100 samples with stratified random sampling method. The approach used in this research is Partial Least Square (PLS) with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) equation model. The result of this study is that community participation has a positive effect on the perception of community based tourism. Community based tourism has a positive effect on the sustainability of the performance of the tourism industry. Community participation mediates the relationship between community based tourism and the sustainability performance of the tourism industry. The results of this study can be used as a reference in viewing and making decisions regarding the performance of villages tourism in Indonesia and countries that have natural and unique cultural wealth.
Dinâmica do Sistema Nacional de Inovação via Spin-Off Acadêmica
Authors: Gonçalves Lauriano Nayara , Gava Rodrigo , Azevedo Ana Cláudia , Sunsi Almada de Abreu Gabriel
Published: September 2022

A presente pesquisa destaca o desenvolvimento de uma nova tecnologia como expressão de mudança de paradigma tecnológico estabelecido por uma spin-off acadêmica vinculada a uma universidade pública brasileira, de maneira a analisar a estrutura funcional do sistema nacional de inovação. O objetivo da investigação foi identificar componentes, interações e funções que configuraram a infraestrutura institucional que caracterizou as condições sob as quais a spin-off se desenvolveu, de forma a viabilizar o desenvolvimento da nova tecnologia. O estudo constituiu-se sob a abordagem qualitativa, operacionalizado através de entrevistas semiestruturadas, tratadas baseado em análise de conteúdo. Verificou-se a articulação de diferentes atores e competências para viabilizar o desenvolvimento e transferência tecnológica universitária para o mercado. Entre tais atores, identificou-se a articulação de cinco domínios principais: Universidade, Agências de fomento, Atores políticos, Facilitadores e Mercado. Sendo determinadas funções, as de Regulamentação, Suporte, Infraestrutura, Financiamento e Comercialização, manifestadas como chaves para a geração da inovação.
Inovação e contingencialidade na agricultura familiar
Authors: Ribeiro Filho José de Ribamar , Tahim Elda Fontinele
Published: September 2022

Este ensaio tem por objetivo promover uma reflexão acerca das inovações adotadas pela agricultura familiar considerando contingências postas a essa atividade agrícola. Uma pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada para apresentação de aspectos sobre inovação e um panorama da agricultura inovativa, bem como uma contextualização da agricultura familiar. O universo das unidades agrícolas familiares, por suas peculiaridades, requer reflexões sobre seu contexto e dinâmica, principalmente para o fomento de discussões e estratégias em seu benefício. Para contribuição nesse sentido o estudo observou sobre inovação e seus tipos na agricultura familiar que a efetividade de sua compreensão requer um vislumbre contínuo de suas ações, decisões e de seu universo e trajetória. As inovações dispostas nas diversificações incorporadas pela agricultura familiar, um setor heterogêneo como a agricultura em si, avançam motivadas por decisões observantes de aspectos de incerteza, enquanto contingência, e de escassez.