bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Means of communication of new religious movements in the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Martinovich Vladimir A.
Published: October 2021

This article is devoted to the analysis of the means of communication of new religious movements in the Republic of Belarus. Due to the high level of closeness of the overwhelming number of new religions for questioning, interviews, observation and experiment, their means of communication with society are the most accessible documentary source of primary sociological information for research. As part of the monitoring of the confessional space of the country, conducted since 1997, information was collected on 1113 new religious movements. The means of communication used by them to broadcast religious ideas and teachings, including in the public space of the Republic of Belarus, are documented. A number of methodological problems related to the analysis of the means of communication of new religious movements are identified. The frequency of appeals of new religions to print media, the Internet, leaflets, books and specialised periodicals has been established. The entire set of means, depending on the target audience, is divided into internal, external and universal. The degree of informativeness of external and universal means of communication for scientific analysis, is analysed. It is noted that the openness of the new religious movements to society, which implies the disclosure of a significant part of their internal information, does not automatically mean recognition and acceptance of society, readiness for a constructive dialogue with it. The connection between the type of structure of the new religious movements and the number of different means of communication used by them is revealed. The minimum provable number of new religious movements working in the public space through means of communication accessible to the general population has been established.
Development of liquidus thermobarometer for the simulation of equilibrium olivine-melt
Authors: Koptev-Dvornikov E. V. , Bychkov D. A.
Published: October 2021

A system of equations of the liquidus thermobarometer of olivine — silicate melt was obtained by processing the sample of 772 experimental equilibria of olivines with basic melts using methods of multidimensional statistics. Equations reproduce with small error experimental data in a wide range of basite compositions (from komatiites to dacites), temperatures from 1040 to 1500 ᵒС, pressures from 1 bar up to 30 kbar. Thermobarometer testing demonstrated that the deviations of the calculated liquidus temperature from the experimental one in most of the temperature range do not exceed ±3 ᵒC.
Fülöppite Pb3Sb8S15 of volcanogenic plutonogenic Darasun gold deposit, Eastern Transbaikal
Authors: Spiridonov E. M. , Krivitskaya N. N. , Bryzgalov I. A. , Korotaeva N. N. , Kochetova K. N.
Published: October 2021

The Late Jurassic orogenic volcanogenic–plutonogenic gold deposit Darasun (the Eastern Transbaikal segment of Mongolo-Okhotsk folded zone) includes postgold ore antimony mineralization. Aggregates of rice-like quartz, minerals of jordanite–geocronite–schultzite, sphalerite, galena, arsenopyrite, tennantite-tetrahedrite, calcite and Mn-Mg siderite are its earlier formations; aggregates of rice-like quartz, low-iron sphalerite, Pb-Sb sulphosalts, antimonite and berthierite are its late formations. The Darasun trend of Pb-Sb sulphosalts sequence from bulangerite to fülöppite is typical for post-magmatic hydrothermal gold deposits and differs from telethermal ones. The are two fülöppite types in Darasun ores: fülöppite enriched in arsenic (up to 7,5 %wt), which is probably the product of replacement of geocronite and fahl ore row minerals and fülöppite without arsenic associating with antimonite and calcite. The arsenic-bearing fülöppite composition is (Pb2.90Ag0.06Cu0.05)3.01(Sb7.05As0.91Bi0.04)8.00S14.99  and the composition of fülöppite without arsenic is (Pb2.83Cu0.18)3.01Sb7.98S15.01, which are close to stoichiometry. Darasun fülöppite is characterized by positive correlation of As, Bi and Ag; füloppite without arsenic is enriched in copper.
Trace element speciation in water and bottom sediments of the Pirogov water reservoir
Authors: Lipatnikova O. A. , Lubkova T. N. , Korobova N. A.
Published: October 2021

The composition and speciation of trace elements (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Ni, Co, Mn, Fe, Ba, and Sr) in surface water and bottom sediments of the Pirogov water reservoir have been studied. It was found that the metal content in surface water does not exceed the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) for fishery water reservoir excluded Zn (2–9 MPC) and Cu (up to 2 MPC). According to results of thermodynamic calculations, the predominant metal speciation in water is the free ion (Sr, Ba, Zn, Ni, Co, Cd), fulvate (Cu) and carbonate (Pb) complex. The interstitial water is characterized by an increase in the content of sulfate complex of trace elements in loams, the solid phase of which is also characterized by slightly anomalous contents of Zn, Cd, Co, and Ni. According to data of sequential selective procedure, metals are predominantly immobilized in solid phase of bottom sediments in the crystal structure of silicates or bounded to iron and manganese oxides. Only for Cd and Mn exchangeable and bound to carbonates fractions are characterized by considerable relative contents.
Pengaruh Flypaper Effect Pada Dana Alokasi Umum (DAU) Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah Kota Bima Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB)
Authors: Fintari Savita
Published: October 2021

The paper aimed to analyze the influence of the flypaper effect on  general allocation funds (DAU) to the financial performance in Bima, West Nusa Tenggara province . Variables used in this research were  the general allocation fund (DAU) as independent variabel and the financial performance of local government as  dependent variable. This research used a quantitative method. Census was conducted in Badan Pengelolaan Keuangan dan Aset Daerah (BPKAD) Bima. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.0. The  finding of the study showed that the flypaper effect of the general allocation funds and the financial performance of local government had a negative and significant relation. The influence of general allocation funds to the financial performance of local government in Bima was 41.2% and the rest 58.8% was the changing of financial performance of local government caused by another variable which was not examined.
Analisis Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasan Masyarakat di Puskesmas Kubutambahan II Desa Tamblang Kecamatan Kubutambahan Kabupaten Buleleng Bali Tahun 2020
Authors: Sri Lestari Luh Made
Published: October 2021

Pelayanan publik di bidang kesehatan sebuah bangsa bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat, kemauan dan kemampuan hidup sehat bagi setiap orang demi terwujudnya kesehatan yang optimal. Puskesmas dan Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional adalah sebuah hal yang saling berkaitan dan tidak bisa dipisahkan. Pelayanan publik pada tingkat Puskesmas dapat memberikan keuntungan kepada peserta JKN untuk memanfaatkan pelayanan yang akan berdampak pada pelayanan kesehatan yang dirasa buruk atau baik. Kepuasan pelayanan tercapai apabila apa yang didapatkan pasien melebihi dari harapannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas yang meliputi tangible, reabelity, responsiveness, assurance, dan emphaty terhadap kepuasan pasien serta dimensi kualitas yang paling dominan mempengaruhi kepuasan pasien di Puskesmas Kubutambahan II. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada masyarakat di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kubutambahan II Tahun 2020 dengan sampelm sebanyak 100 responden. Variabel independen adalah responsiveness, reliability, emphaty, tangible dan assurance. Sedangkan variabel dependen adalah kepuasan masyarakat di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kubutambahan II. Pengukuran variabel dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner kualitas pelayanan dan kuesioner kepuasan yang sudah valid dan reliable. Analisa data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode analisis statistik deskriptif dilanjutkan dengan Analisa multivariat menggunakan regresi linier berganda dengan sebelumnya melakukan uji asumsi regresi. Hasil yang ditemukan bahwa persamaan regresinya memperkirakan kepuasan pelayanan yang diterima oleh pasien/klien dipengaruhi oleh responsiveness, assurance dan reliability. Setiap kenaikan 1,25 nilai responsiveness dari klien maka akan mempengaruhi peningkatan kepuasan yang dirasakan oleh klien/pasien. Kemudian klien akan merasa puas jika terdapat kenaikan 1,56 perhatian dari assurance terhadap pelayanan kesehatan yang didapatkan. Selanjutnya pasien/klien semakin puas jika ada peningkatan kualitas yang reliabel yang naik sebesar 1,49. Kesimpulan bahwa variabel yang paling dominan bersama-sama mempengaruhi secara simultan dengan peningkatan kepuasan masyarakat terkait pelayanan kesehatan adalah responsiveness, reliability dan empathy.

Kata Kunci: Kualitas, Kepuasan, Puskesmas
Modos de aplicação de nematicidas para o controle do nematoide-das-galhas Meloidogyne javanica em soja
Authors: Santana Marcus Vinícius , Da Silva Ferreira Bruno , De Oliveira Silva Juliana , Levorato Freire Leonardo , Carlos Barcellos Luiz , Rúbia da Rocha Mara
Published: October 2021

Para o manejo de fitonematoides, nematicidas químicos podem ser aplicados em sulco de plantio, utilizados para tratamento de sementes e recentemente tem sido observado em campo a aplicação em pós-emergência, sobre as plantas. O modo de aplicação de produtos fitossanitários pode determinar a sua eficiência no controle desses organismos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficiência de diferentes modos de aplicação de dois nematicidas químicos sobre o nematoide Meloidogyne javanica em soja. Os tratamentos foram compostos por dois produtos químicos [(abamectin (Avicta® 500 FS) e imidacloprid+thiodicarb (Cropstar®)], aplicados em três diferentes sistemas (tratamento de sementes, aplicação no solo e aplicação foliar), e a testemunha sem aplicação. O delineamento utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com sete tratamentos e oito repetições. Avaliou-se a massa fresca de raiz, o número de ovos e J2/10g de raiz, fator de reprodução, índice de massa de ovos e índice de galhas de M. javanica, aos 45 dias após a inoculação. O número de ovos e J2 de M. javanica e o fator de reprodução foram menores para os tratamentos com abamectin e imidacloprid+thiodicarb aplicados em tratamento de sementes e sobre o solo em comparação às aplicações foliares e à testemunha. Não houve efeito significativo dos tratamentos sobre a massa fresca de raiz, índice de massa de ovos e índice de galhas. A aplicação de abamectin e imidacloprid+thiodicarb sobre as folhas das plantas de soja não favorecem a redução da população de M. javanica.
ENSINAR, PRODUZIR E APRENDER HISTÓRIA: DESAFIOS E POSSIBILIDADES NO USO DO LIVRO DIDÁTICO NO ENSINO DE HISTÓRIA
Authors: Andrade Wesley Lima de , Silva Vania Cristina da
Published: October 2021

Este texto procura refletir sobre a tríade ensinar, produzir e aprender história, considerando os desafios e as possibilidades do uso do livro didático no Ensino de História. Para esta reflexão, nos pautamos na análise da coleção A Escrita da História, mais especificamente, o Capítulo 8: O velho e o Novo Mundo sob duas majestades: o Rei e o Papa, do volume 1 desta coleção, elaborado por Flavio de Campos e Regina Claro e destinado às turmas de 1º ano do Ensino Médio. Ao analisarmos o material, foi possível constatar uma proposta diferenciada, que não mantém o foco no volume de informações e conteúdos, mas numa formação analítica e questionadora por parte dos estudantes, sendo os conteúdos abordados de forma sucinta. Tomamos como embasamento para este estudo os escritos de Bittencourt (1993), Chartier (2001), Oliveira et al (1984), Zacheu (2015), entre outros.
Morphological characterization of fruits and seeds of Ruellia furcata (Nees) Lindau (Acanthaceae) from Espírito Santo State, Brazil
Authors: Monteiro Mariana Maciel , Indriunas Alexandre , Aoyama Elisa Mitsuko
Published: October 2021

Acanthaceae is a wide spread family with usually capsular fruits, with two valves and explosive dehiscence containing two or more seeds. The morphological features of fruits and seeds are important in the identification at supra especific level, since they vary morphologically. Thus, this study aimed to characterize the morphology of the fruits and seeds of Ruellia furcata. This species is endemic to Brazil and restrict to restinga areas. The collection was carried out with the aid of a gauze type fabric. The fruits were measured in length of the sterile and fertile portion, total length, width, thickness, and retinacula height. The seeds were measured in length, width and thickness. For description, internal and external details were pointed. The fruits and seeds of R. furcata present morphological features that are commonly found in the genus however, its characteristics allow it to be positioned taxonomically and provide an understanding of its dispersion.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO E SELEÇÃO DE MARCADORES MOLECULARES ISSR EM ESPÉCIES DE Passiflora spp.
Authors: Dias Nátilla Deyse Souza Costa , Souza Larissa Neres Barbosa de , Santana Vandrick de Oliveira , Silveira Lucas Amorim , Meira Messulan Rodrigues , Santos Elisa Susilene Lisboa dos , Faleiro Fábio Gelape , Silva Carlos Bernard Moreno Cerqueira
Published: October 2021

As espécies do gênero Passiflora são amplamente distribuídas no território brasileiro, sendo algumas delas utilizadas na indústria, nos setores de ornamentação, farmacêutico e alimentício. Concomitante ao interesse econômico, o gênero, possui importância ecológica, devido à grande diversidade de espécies silvestres. Desta forma, o conhecimento molecular do maracujazeiro traz benefícios para os programas de melhoramento e conservação dessas espécies. Com finalidade de produzir dados e gerar subsídios em estudos genéticos de maracujazeiro, foram caracterizados e selecionados 23 iniciadores ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeat) para 8 espécies de Passiflora spp. e 12 cultivares (BRS). Foi utilizado gel de agarose a 2% e luz ultravioleta para amplificação e visualização dos produtos amplificados. Os iniciadores ISSR apresentaram resultados satisfatórios, dentre os 23 iniciadores, 16 obtiveram valores acima de 60% de eficiência na classificação como bom (presença de 2 marcas ou mais). Em decorrência dos resultados apresentados, pode-se atestar que, tais iniciadores são adequados para estudos de polimorfismo, estrutura e diversidade genética em espécies do gênero Passiflora, além de, auxiliar programas de conservação e melhoramento.
Anais do I Colóquio da Pós-Graduação do IF Goiano - Campus Urutaí
Authors: Da Silva Anderson Rodrigo , Costa Loiany Gonçalves
Published: October 2021

A Pós-Graduação do Instituto Federal Goiano – Campus Urutaí promoveu nos dias 4 e 5 de novembro de 2020 o I Colóquio da Pós-Graduação do IF Goiano – Campus Urutaí, evento cunhado sobre a premissa do compartilhamento de experiências e soluções, técnico-científicas ou de gestão, por docentes, discentes e profissionais de diferentes áreas do conhecimento. Esta primeira edição ocorreu de forma totalmente virtual e gratuita, com atividades específicas e amplas no âmbito dos Programas de Pós-Graduação em Proteção de Plantas, Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, e Ensino para a Educação Básica. Estes PPGs realizaram em paralelo seus eventos anuais de base técnico-científica. A Comissão Científica do I CoPU selecionou resumos simples e trabalhos completos para serem apresentados. Os resumos vieram acompanhados de abstract e link para vídeo de apresentação dos trabalhos. Estes estão disponíveis nos Canais dos PPGs no YouTube. Houve premiação do melhor trabalho apresentado.
УЧАСТИЕ ДЕТЕЙ В ПРАЗДНИЧНОЙ КУЛЬТУРЕ МОРДОВСКИХ ПЕРЕСЕЛЕНЦЕВ СИБИРИ ВО ВТОРОЙ ПОЛОВИНЕ XX – НАЧАЛЕ XXI вв.
Authors: Щанкина Л.Н.
Published: October 2021

Статья посвящена участию детей в праздничной культуре мордовских переселенцев на территории Сибири. Мордва переселялась сюда с территорий мордовского, чувашского, самарского и пензенского краев со второй половины XIX в. по 1970-е гг. Материалом для статьи служат полевые исследования автора и научная литература по изучаемой проблематике. Дается характеристика наиболее важных религиозных праздников мордовских переселенцев. Отмечается, что одной из особенностей праздничной культуры мордовского крестьянства являлось участие в религиозно-праздничных действиях детей и молодежи. При проведении большинства обрядов взрослых дети нередко привлекались в качестве зрителей. Их помощь использовалась и при подготовке к проведению обрядов, например, при сборе продуктов питания; дров, ненужных вещей для рождественских и масленичных костров. Кроме того, дети привлекались для информирования местного населения о предстоящих церемониях (например, посиделках, различных помочах и т. д.). В ряде случаев, в частности при обходе домов поселения на Пасху, Рождество и Новый год, дети и подростки наделялись самостоятельной обрядовой ролью. Их присутствие считалось в народе магически благоприятным средством для достижения определенных целей. Делается вывод о стремлении мордовских переселенцев к сохранению религиозно-праздничной культуры и на иноэтничной территории. Установлено, что на территории Сибири мордовским населением отмечались такие же праздники, как и в исконных территориях выхода переселенцев.
The article aims to study how children participated in the festive culture of Mordovian immigrants in Siberia. Mordva had been moving here from Mordovia, Chuvashia, Samara, and Penza from the second half of the XIX century to the 1970s. The article is based on the author's field studies and scientific literature. It describes the most important religious holidays of the Mordovian immigrants. It was typical of the festive culture of the Mordovian peasantry that children and youth participated in religious and festive acts. In most adult rites, children were often involved as spectators. They also assisted in the preparation of rites, for example, collecting food, firewood, unnecessary objects for Christmas and Maslenitsa fires. Apart from that, children informed the local population about upcoming ceremonies. Sometimes, children and adolescents were endowed with an independent ritual role, particularly when knocking on doors on Easter, Christmas, and New Year. Their presence was considered a magical means to achieve certain goals. The author concludes that the Mordovian population aimed to preserve their religious and festive culture in the new territory. In Siberia, the immigrants celebrated the same holidays as in their original territories.
Fabrication of Antimicrobial Multilayered Nanofibrous Scaffolds-Loaded Drug via Electrospinning for Biomedical Application
Authors: Liu Qi , Jia Hengmin , Ouyang Wenchong , Mu Yan , Wu Zhengwei
Published: October 2021

Nanofibers prepared by biobased materials are widely used in the field of biomedicine, owing to outstanding biocompatibility, biodegradable characters, and excellent mechanical behavior. Herein, we fabricated multilayered nanofibrous scaffolds in order to improve the performance of drug delivery. The composite layer-by-layer scaffolds were incorporated by hydrophobic poly(l-lactic acid) (PLA): polycaprolactone (PCL) and hydrophilic poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanofibers via multilayer electrospinning. Morphological and structural characteristics of the developed scaffolds measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed smooth and uniform fibers ranging in nanometer scale. The differences in contact angles and Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR) between single-layered PVA nanofibers and multilayered scaffolds verified the existence of PLA: PCL surface. In vitro biodegradable and drug release analysis depicted multilayered scaffolds had good biodegradability and potential for medical application. Due to the model drug incorporation, scaffolds exhibited good antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by the zone of inhibition test. These results revealed that the multilayered scaffolds were proved to be desirable antibacterial materials for biomedical application.
Lifespan Extension in Long-Lived Vertebrates Rooted in Ecological Adaptation
Authors: Omotoso Olatunde , Gladyshev Vadim N. , Zhou Xuming
Published: October 2021

Contemporary studies on aging and longevity have largely overlooked the role that adaptation plays in lifespan variation across species. Emerging evidence indicates that the genetic signals of extended lifespan may be maintained by natural selection, suggesting that longevity could be a product of organismal adaptation. The mechanisms of adaptation in long-lived animals are believed to account for the modification of physiological function. Here, we first review recent progress in comparative biology of long-lived animals, together with the emergence of adaptive genetic factors that control longevity and disease resistance. We then propose that hitchhiking of adaptive genetic changes is the basis for lifespan changes and suggest ways to test this evolutionary model. As individual adaptive or adaptation-linked mutations/substitutions generate specific forms of longevity effects, the cumulative beneficial effect is largely nonrandom and is indirectly favored by natural selection. We consider this concept in light of other proposed theories of aging and integrate these disparate ideas into an adaptive evolutionary model, highlighting strategies in decoding genetic factors of lifespan control.
RNA m6A Demethylase ALKBH5 Protects Against Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma via Targeting Regulators of Iron Metabolism
Authors: Huang Rui , Yang Lin , Zhang Zhiwen , Liu Xiaoding , Fei Yi , Tong Wei-Min , Niu Yamei , Liang Zhiyong
Published: October 2021

Although RNA m6A regulators have been implicated in the tumorigenesis of several different types of tumors, including pancreatic cancer, their clinical relevance and intrinsic regulatory mechanism remain elusive. This study analyzed eight m6A regulators (METTL3, METTL14, WTAP, FTO, ALKBH5, and YTHDF1-3) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and found that only RNA m6A demethylase ALKBH5 serves as an independent favorable prognostic marker for this tumor. To better understand the molecular mechanism underlying the protective effect conferred by ALKBH5 against pancreatic tumorigenesis, we performed a transcriptome-wide analysis of m6A methylation, gene expression, and alternative splicing (AS) using the MIA PaCa-2 stable cell line with ALKBH5 overexpression. We demonstrated that ALKBH5 overexpression induced a reduction in RNA m6A levels globally. Furthermore, mRNAs encoding ubiquitin ligase FBXL5, and mitochondrial iron importers SLC25A28 and SLC25A37, were identified as substrates of ALKBH5. Mechanistically, the RNA stabilities of FBXL5 and SLC25A28, and the AS of SLC25A37 were affected, which led to their upregulation in pancreatic cancer cell line. Particularly, we observed that downregulation of FBXL5 in tumor samples correlated with shorter survival time of patients. Owing to FBXL5-mediated degradation, ALKBH5 overexpression incurred a significant reduction in iron-regulatory protein IRP2 and the modulator of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) SNAI1. Notably, ALKBH5 overexpression led to a significant reduction in intracellular iron levels as well as cell migratory and invasive abilities, which could be rescued by knocking down FBXL5. Overall, our results reveal a previously uncharacterized mechanism of ALKBH5 in protecting against PDAC through modulating regulators of iron metabolism and underscore the multifaceted role of m6A in pancreatic cancer.
Five Dinuclear Lanthanide Complexes Based on 2,4-dimethylbenzoic Acid and 5,5′-dimethy-2,2′-bipyridine: Crystal Structures, Thermal Behaviour and Luminescent Property
Authors: Zhao Jia-Yuan , Ren Ning , Zhang Ying-Ying , Tang Kun , Zhang Jian-Jun
Published: October 2021

A series of new complexes, [Ln (2,4-DMBA)3(5,5′-DM-2,2′-bipy)]2 (Ln = Sm(1), Eu (2)), [Pr (2,4-DMBA)3 (5,5′-DM-2,2′-bipy)]2·0.5(C2H5OH) (3), [Ln (2,4-DMBA)3 (5,5′-DM-2,2′-bipy)]2·0.5(2,4-DMBAH)·0.25(5,5′-DM-2,2′-bipy) (Ln = Tb (4), Dy (5)) (2,4-DMBA = 2,4-dimethylbenzoate, 5,5′-DM-2,2′-bipy = 5,5′-dimethy-2,2′-bipyridine) were synthesized via hydrothermal reaction conditions. The complexes were characterized through elemental analysis, Infrared spectra (IR), Raman (R) spectra, UV-Vis spectra, single X-ray diffraction. Single crystal data show that complexes 1–5 are binuclear complexes, but they can be divided into three different crystal structures. The thermal decomposition mechanism of complexes 1–5 were investigated by the technology of simultaneous TG/DSC-FTIR. What’s more, the luminescent properties of complexes 1–2 and 4 were discussed, and the luminescence lifetime (τ) of complexes 2 and 4 were calculated.
Automated Deep Lineage Tree Analysis Using a Bayesian Single Cell Tracking Approach
Authors: Ulicna Kristina , Vallardi Giulia , Charras Guillaume , Lowe Alan R.
Published: October 2021

Single-cell methods are beginning to reveal the intrinsic heterogeneity in cell populations, arising from the interplay of deterministic and stochastic processes. However, it remains challenging to quantify single-cell behaviour from time-lapse microscopy data, owing to the difficulty of extracting reliable cell trajectories and lineage information over long time-scales and across several generations. Therefore, we developed a hybrid deep learning and Bayesian cell tracking approach to reconstruct lineage trees from live-cell microscopy data. We implemented a residual U-Net model coupled with a classification CNN to allow accurate instance segmentation of the cell nuclei. To track the cells over time and through cell divisions, we developed a Bayesian cell tracking methodology that uses input features from the images to enable the retrieval of multi-generational lineage information from a corpus of thousands of hours of live-cell imaging data. Using our approach, we extracted 20,000 + fully annotated single-cell trajectories from over 3,500 h of video footage, organised into multi-generational lineage trees spanning up to eight generations and fourth cousin distances. Benchmarking tests, including lineage tree reconstruction assessments, demonstrate that our approach yields high-fidelity results with our data, with minimal requirement for manual curation. To demonstrate the robustness of our minimally supervised cell tracking methodology, we retrieve cell cycle durations and their extended inter- and intra-generational family relationships in 5,000 + fully annotated cell lineages. We observe vanishing cycle duration correlations across ancestral relatives, yet reveal correlated cyclings between cells sharing the same generation in extended lineages. These findings expand the depth and breadth of investigated cell lineage relationships in approximately two orders of magnitude more data than in previous studies of cell cycle heritability, which were reliant on semi-manual lineage data analysis.
Ventromedial Hypothalamus Activation Aggravates Hypertension Myocardial Remodeling Through the Sympathetic Nervous System
Authors: Zhou Yuyang , Liu Zhihao , Liu Zihan , Zhou Huixin , Xu Xiao , Li Zeyan , Chen Hu , Wang Yuhong , Zhou Zhen , Wang Meng , Lai Yanqiu , Zhou Liping , Zhou Xiaoya , Jiang Hong
Published: October 2021

Background: The ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) is an important nuclei in responding to emotional stress, and emotional stress is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. However, the role of the VMH in cardiovascular diseases remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of VMH activation on hypertension related cardiac remodeling in two-kidney-one-clip (2K1C) hypertension (HTN) rats.

Methods: Eighteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with AAV-hSyn-hM3D(Gq) into the VMH at 0 weeks and then randomly divided into three groups: (1) sham group (sham 2K1C + saline i.p. injection); (2) HTN group (2K1C + saline i.p. injection); (3) HTN+VMH activation group (2K1C + clozapine-N-oxide i.p. injection). One week later, rats were subjected to a sham or 2K1C operation, and 2 weeks later rats were injected with clozapine-N-oxide or saline for 2 weeks.

Results: In the HTN+VMH activation group, FosB expression was significantly increased in VMH sections compared with those of the other two groups. Compared to the HTN group, the HTN+VMH activation group showed significant: (1) increases in systolic blood pressure (SBP); (2) exacerbation of cardiac remodeling; and (3) increases in serum norepinephrine levels and sympathetic indices of heart rate variability. Additionally, myocardial RNA-sequencing analysis showed that VMH activation might regulate the HIF-1 and PPAR signal pathway and fatty acid metabolism. qPCR results confirmed that the relative mRNA expression of HIF-1α was increased and the PPARα and CPT-1 mRNA expression were decreased in the HTN+VMH activation group compared to the HTN group.

Conclusions: VMH activation could increase SBP and aggravate cardiac remodeling possibly by sympathetic nerve activation and the HIF-1α/PPARα/CPT-1 signaling pathway might be the underlying mechanism.
Understanding the Differences Between TOA and Surface Energy Budget Attributions of Surface Warming
Authors: Sejas Sergio A. , Hu Xiaoming , Cai Ming , Fan Hanjie
Published: October 2021

Energy budget decompositions have widely been used to evaluate individual process contributions to surface warming. Conventionally, the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) energy budget has been used to carry out such attribution, while other studies use the surface energy budget instead. However, the two perspectives do not provide the same interpretation of process contributions to surface warming, particularly when executing a spatial analysis. These differences cloud our understanding and inhibit our ability to shrink the inter-model spread. Changes to the TOA energy budget are equivalent to the sum of the changes in the atmospheric and surface energy budgets. Therefore, we show that the major discrepancies between the surface and TOA perspectives are due to non-negligible changes in the atmospheric energy budget that differ from their counterparts at the surface. The TOA lapse-rate feedback is the manifestation of multiple processes that produce a vertically non-uniform warming response such that it accounts for the asymmetry between the changes in the atmospheric and surface energy budgets. Using the climate feedback-response analysis method, we are able to decompose the lapse-rate feedback into contributions by individual processes. Combining the process contributions that are hidden within the lapse-rate feedback with their respective direct impacts on the TOA energy budget allows for a very consistent picture of process contributions to surface warming and its inter-model spread as that given by the surface energy budget approach.
Interface Properties in Binary Fluid Using Lattice Boltzmann Method
Authors: Li Xiaoqi , Fang Jichao , Ji Bingyu
Published: October 2021

Emulsified behaviors are of importance for chemical flooding. Properties of emulsifiers relate droplets coalescence and transport. Since experiments do not provide access to observables of interest. Numerical simulations with mesoscale scheme pose attractive method to gain insight into emulsifying stability, which is defined as a period of oil droplets movements at fixed ranges. A phase field based lattice Boltzmann model is used which simulate interface behavior. Various parameters including emulsified droplet size, interface thickness, viscosity ratio and density ratio have been discussed. The aim of this study is to provide a critical suggestion that predictive emulsifying behaviors of small oil droplets immersed in water environment.
Metabolic Consequences of Neuronal HIF1α-Deficiency in Mediobasal Hypothalamus in Mice
Authors: Rozjan Azmat , Shan Weibi , Yao Qiaoling
Published: October 2021

Objective

This study aims to investigate whether hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) in the neurons of the mediobasal hypothalamus is involved in the regulation of body weight, glucose, and lipid metabolism in mice and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Methods

HIF1αflox/flox mice were used. The adeno-associated virus that contained either cre, GFP and syn, or GFP and syn (controls) was injected into the mediobasal hypothalamus to selectively knock out HIF1α in the neurons of the mediobasal hypothalamus. The body weight and food intake were weighed daily. The levels of blood glucose, insulin, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), free fatty acid (FFA), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)were tested. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) was performed. The insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation in the liver, epididymal fat, and skeletal muscle were examined. Also, the mRNA expression levels of HIF1α, proopiomelanocortin (POMC), neuropeptide Y (NPY), and glucose transporter protein 4 (Glut4) in the hypothalamus were checked.

Results

After selectively knocking out HIF1α in the neurons of the mediobasal hypothalamus (HIF1αKOMBH), the body weights and food intake of mice increased significantly compared with the control mice (p < 0.001 at 4 weeks). Compared with that of the control group, the insulin level of HIF1αKOMBH mice was 3.5 times higher (p < 0.01). The results of the IPGTT showed that the blood glucose level of the HIF1αKOMBH group at 20–120 min was significantly higher than that of the control group (p < 0.05). The serum TC, FFA, HDL, and LDL content of the HIF1αKOMBH group was significantly higher than those of the control group (p < 0.05). Western blot results showed that compared with those in the control group, insulin-induced AKT phosphorylation levels in liver, epididymal fat, and skeletal muscle in the HIF1αKOMBH group were not as significantly elevated as in the control group. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results in the whole hypothalamus showed a significant decrease in Glut4 mRNA expression. And the mRNA expression levels of HIF1α, POMC, and NPY of the HIF1αKOMBH group decreased significantly in ventral hypothalamus.

Conclusions

The hypothalamic neuronal HIF1α plays an important role in the regulation of body weight balance in mice under normoxic condition. In the absence of hypothalamic neuronal HIF1α, the mice gained weight with increased appetite, accompanied with abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism. POMC and Glut4 may be responsible for this effect of HIF1α.
Platelet-Rich Plasma as a Potential New Strategy in the Endometrium Treatment in Assisted Reproductive Technology
Authors: Lin Yunying , Qi Jia , Sun Yun
Published: October 2021

The success rate of assisted reproduction techniques (ART) has long been less than satisfactory albeit the great progress made in recent years, demonstrating the need for alternative options in the ART cycles. Growing evidence correlates the effect of intrauterine platelet-rich plasma (PRP) infusion on the endometrium with reassuring reproductive results. Thus, in this review, we focus on the current clinical and mechanical evidence on PRP and its effect on endometrial receptivity, and assess the features, benefits and limitations of the current studies and potential risks of PRP in ART.
Centralized and Decentralized Delivery of Transgender Health Care Services: A Systematic Review and a Global Expert Survey in 39 Countries
Authors: Koehler Andreas , Strauss Bernhard , Briken Peer , Szuecs Daria , Nieder Timo O.
Published: October 2021

Introduction

Transgender health care is delivered in both centralized (by one interdisciplinary institution) and decentralized settings (by different medical institutions spread over several locations). However, the health care delivery setting has not gained attention in research so far. Based on a systematic review and a global expert survey, we aim to investigate its role in transgender health care quality.

Methods

We performed two studies. In 2019, we systematically reviewed the literature published in databases (Cochrane, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science) from January 2000 to April 2019. Secondly, we conducted a cross-sectional global expert survey. To complete the evidence on the question of (de-)centralized delivery of transgender health care, we performed a grey literature search for additional information than the systematic review and the expert survey revealed. These analyses were conducted in 2020.

Results

Eleven articles met the inclusion criteria of the systematic review. 125 participants from 39 countries took part in the expert survey. With insights from the grey literature search, we found transgender health care in Europe was primarily delivered centralized. In most other countries, both centralized and decentralized delivery structures were present. Comprehensive care with medical standards and individual access to care were central topics associated with the different health care delivery settings.

Discussion

The setting in which transgender health care is delivered differs between countries and health systems and could influence different aspects of transgender health care quality. Consequently, it should gain significant attention in clinical practice and future health care research.
Hazardous Effects of Sucralose and Its Disinfection Byproducts Identified From an E. coli Whole-Cell Array Analysis
Authors: Zhai Yuanxin , Bai Dan , Yang Heyun , Li Xiaoliang , Zhu Daiwen , Cao Xin , Ma Hao , Li Xiaolin , Zheng Xing
Published: October 2021

In this study, anE. coliwhole-cell microarray assay was used to evaluate the impact of sucralose (SUC) on 110 selected genes under different exposure concentrations. Furthermore, toxicity caused by SUC under five disinfection processes was explored. Our results revealed detailed transcriptional information for gaining insights into the toxicity mechanism. SUC at lower concentrations tends to induce more protein response, whereas greater DNA damage occurs at higher concentrations. In addition, SUC could induce changes in the expression of various genes, with the DNA damage exhibiting an obvious concentration dependence. As the exposure concentration of SUC increases, stress is transformed from a single-type level to the entire system, which could enhance cellular ability to resist damage and survive. Exposure–recovery tests show that long-term exposure (24 h) to SUC causes irreversible damage, and at SUC concentrations of 103–104 mg/L, short-term exposure (2 h) exerts the same effect. Furthermore, SUC toxicity is enhanced on disinfection, with ultraviolet light causing particularly serious DNA damage.
Rapid In-Field Approaches for Delineating VOC in Both Soil Vapour and Groundwater for Vapour Intrusion Assessment
Authors: Wang Liang , Cheng Ying , Naidu Ravi , Gell Peter , Bowman Mark
Published: October 2021

Traditional contaminated site characterisation approaches are time-consuming, labour-intensive, and demand a high level of expertise. This case study provides a rapid field-based solution to investigating a VOC contaminated site and its vapour incursion by combining soil vapour and groundwater survey. To fully assess the volatile organic compound (VOC) distribution in a contaminated site, a number of self-developed soil vapour sampling probes (SVSPs) were placed vertically at different locations in a grid with different depths. Hence, 3D subsurface contour maps for VOC concentrations in soil vapour can be obtained and used to help identify hot spots and the migration patterns of VOCs. This SVSP is “easy-to-install” in the field and a cost-effective solution for rapid assessment of soil vapour samples. The SVSPs can be installed both vertically and horizontally. If there is a requirement to take soil vapour samples beneath an existing building from a potential contamination source zone, SVSPs can be horizontally installed beneath the building without compromising its structural integrity. In addition, to ascertain the correct groundwater channels that are likely to carry contaminants from a potential source zone, an electrical resistivity tomography technique was employed to provide the preliminary information for groundwater delineation in a complex groundwater channel network.
Degradation of 17 Benzodiazepines by the UV/H2O2 Treatment
Authors: You Wen-Dan , Ye Pu , Yang Bin , Luo Xin , Fang Jie , Mai Zi-Tian , Sun Jian-Liang
Published: October 2021

Benzodiazepines are one group of psychoactive drugs widely detected in water environments, and their persistence during conventional wastewater treatment has raised great concerns. Here we investigated the degradation of 17 benzodiazepines in water by UV/H2O2 treatment. The results showed that the UV/H2O2 treatment significantly increased the degradation of 17 benzodiazepines in phosphate buffer solutions at pH 7.0. This can be attributed to the high reactivity of hydroxyl radicals (·OH) towards benzodiazepines with second-order rate constants of 3.48 × 109 M−1 s−1–2.44 × 1010 M−1 s−1. The degradation of alprazolam, a typical benzodiazepine, during the UV/H2O2 treatment was increased with the increasing H2O2 dosage. The solution pH influenced the alprazolam degradation significantly, with the highest degradation at pH 7.0. Water matrix, such as anions (Cl−, HCO3−, NO3−) and humic acid, decreased the degradation of alprazolam by UV/H2O2 treatment. Based on the degradation products identified using quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer, the degradation mechanisms of alprazolam by UV/H2O2 treatment were proposed, and hydroxylation induced by ·OH was the main reaction pathway. The degradation of 17 benzodiazepines by UV/H2O2 treatment in wastewater treatment plant effluent and river water was lower than that in phosphate buffer solutions. The results showed that the benzodiazepine psychoactive drugs in natural water can be effectively removed by the UV/H2O2 treatment.
Flor Yeasts Rewire the Central Carbon Metabolism During Wine Alcoholic Fermentation
Authors: Peltier Emilien , Vion Charlotte , Abou Saada Omar , Friedrich Anne , Schacherer Joseph , Marullo Philippe
Published: October 2021

The identification of natural allelic variations controlling quantitative traits could contribute to decipher metabolic adaptation mechanisms within different populations of the same species. Such variations could result from human-mediated selection pressures and participate to the domestication. In this study, the genetic causes of the phenotypic variability of the central carbon metabolism of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were investigated in the context of the enological fermentation. The genetic determinism of this trait was found out by a quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping approach using the offspring of two strains belonging to the wine genetic group of the species. A total of 14 QTL were identified from which 8 were validated down to the gene level by genetic engineering. The allelic frequencies of the validated genes within 403 enological strains showed that most of the validated QTL had allelic variations involving flor yeast specific alleles. Those alleles were brought in the offspring by one parental strain that contains introgressions from the flor yeast genetic group. The causative genes identified are functionally linked to quantitative proteomic variations that would explain divergent metabolic features of wine and flor yeasts involving the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), the glyoxylate shunt and the homeostasis of proton and redox cofactors. Overall, this work led to the identification of genetic factors that are hallmarks of adaptive divergence between flor yeast and wine yeast in the wine biotope. These results also reveal that introgressions originated from intraspecific hybridization events promoted phenotypic variability of carbon metabolism observed in wine strains.
Parenclitic and Synolytic Networks Revisited
Authors: Nazarenko Tatiana , Whitwell Harry J. , Blyuss Oleg , Zaikin Alexey
Published: October 2021

Parenclitic networks provide a powerful and relatively new way to coerce multidimensional data into a graph form, enabling the application of graph theory to evaluate features. Different algorithms have been published for constructing parenclitic networks, leading to the question—which algorithm should be chosen? Initially, it was suggested to calculate the weight of an edge between two nodes of the network as a deviation from a linear regression, calculated for a dependence of one of these features on the other. This method works well, but not when features do not have a linear relationship. To overcome this, it was suggested to calculate edge weights as the distance from the area of most probable values by using a kernel density estimation. In these two approaches only one class (typically controls or healthy population) is used to construct a model. To take account of a second class, we have introduced synolytic networks, using a boundary between two classes on the feature-feature plane to estimate the weight of the edge between these features. Common to all these approaches is that topological indices can be used to evaluate the structure represented by the graphs. To compare these network approaches alongside more traditional machine-learning algorithms, we performed a substantial analysis using both synthetic data with a priori known structure and publicly available datasets used for the benchmarking of ML-algorithms. Such a comparison has shown that the main advantage of parenclitic and synolytic networks is their resistance to over-fitting (occurring when the number of features is greater than the number of subjects) compared to other ML approaches. Secondly, the capability to visualise data in a structured form, even when this structure is not a priori available allows for visual inspection and the application of well-established graph theory to their interpretation/application, eliminating the “black-box” nature of other ML approaches.
Neutrophil-Dependent Immunity During Pulmonary Infections and Inflammations
Authors: Effah Clement Yaw , Drokow Emmanuel Kwateng , Agboyibor Clement , Ding Lihua , He Sitian , Liu Shaohua , Akorli Senyo Yao , Nuamah Emmanuel , Sun Tongwen , Zhou Xiaolei , Liu Hong , Xu Zhiwei , Feng Feifei , Wu Yongjun , Zhang Xiaoju
Published: October 2021

Rapid recruitment of neutrophils to an inflamed site is one of the hallmarks of an effective host defense mechanism. The main pathway through which this happens is by the innate immune response. Neutrophils, which play an important part in innate immune defense, migrate into lungs through the modulation actions of chemokines to execute a variety of pro-inflammatory functions. Despite the importance of chemokines in host immunity, little has been discussed on their roles in host immunity. A holistic understanding of neutrophil recruitment, pattern recognition pathways, the roles of chemokines and the pathophysiological roles of neutrophils in host immunity may allow for new approaches in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory disease of the lung. Herein, this review aims at highlighting some of the developments in lung neutrophil-immunity by focusing on the functions and roles of CXC/CC chemokines and pattern recognition receptors in neutrophil immunity during pulmonary inflammations. The pathophysiological roles of neutrophils in COVID-19 and thromboembolism have also been summarized. We finally summarized various neutrophil biomarkers that can be utilized as prognostic molecules in pulmonary inflammations and discussed various neutrophil-targeted therapies for neutrophil-driven pulmonary inflammatory diseases.