bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discovery of crucial cytokines associated with deep vein thrombus formation by protein array analysis
Authors: Xu Fang , Gao Yangyang , Cheng Zhijie , Zeng Wenjie , Yuan Zelong , Chi Junyu , Qu Ming
Published: March 2023

The aim of this study was to discover promising biomarkers or targeted therapies to increase the detection accuracy for early-stage DVT or reduce the incidence of deep vein thrombosis related complications. Novel serum-based biomarkers for DVT/NDVT were screened by Quantibody Array 440. Proteins differentially expressed in DVT were analyzed using bioinformatics methods and subjected to customized array validation. We used receiver operating characteristics to calculate diagnostic accuracy and machine learning methods to establish a biomarker panel for target evaluation. Twenty-three targets were selected for validation using a customized array, and 12 biomarkers were consistent with previous results. AUC of these factors as followed that FGF-6 (0.956), Galectin-3 ( 0.942), EDA-A2 ( 0.933), CHI3L1 (0.911), IL-1 F9 (0.898), Dkk-4 (0.88), IG-H3 (0.876), IGFBP (0.858), Gas-1 (0.858), Layilin (0.849), ULBP-2 (0.813), and FGF-9 (0.773) could be promising biomarkers for DVT/NDVT or therapeutic targets. EDA-A2, FGF-6, Dkk-4, IL-1 F9, Galentin-3, Layilin, Big-h3, CHI3L1, ULBP-2, Gas-1, IGFBP-5 and FGF-9 are promising diagnostic or therapeutic targets for DVT to increase the rate of accuracy and reduce the rate of complications.
Status and occurrence of the non-indigenous dwarf surf clam Mulinia lateralis (Say, 1822) in the central Wadden Sea (southern North Sea) – a systematic survey
Authors: Gismann Lynn , Wenke Lennart-Kilian , Uhlir Carolin , Arbizu Pedro Martínez , Wehrmann Achim
Published: March 2023

The species Mulinia lateralis (Say, 1822) is native in the western North Atlantic Ocean and was first documented in European coastal waters in 2017. Since then, M. lateralis was reported several times in large abundances in the coastal waters of the Netherlands, Belgium and Germany. While the introduction vector is still unclear we assume that further dispersal in the southern North Sea will be driven by larval drift related to anti-clockwise residual tidal currents. To report its current distribution status in the central Wadden Sea, individuals were collected systematically from intertidal flats along 10 transects ranging from the outer Ems River estuary to the outer Elbe River estuary (German North Sea coast) between February and May 2022. In total, 897 specimens of M. lateralis were sampled from 392 stations (mean abundance 2.29 ± 4.97 ind./m²). The shell length ranged between 3.98 and 23.55 mm thus representing at minimum two cohorts. Regarding the increasing number of records of M. lateralis at multiple sites in Europe since 2017, the species can be considered as established in the western and central Wadden Sea.
Orbitally forced and internal changes in West African rainfall interannual-to-decadal variability for the last 6,000 years
Authors: Crétat Julien , Harrison Sandy P , Braconnot Pascale , d'Agostino Roberta , Jungclaus Johann , Lohmann Gerrit , Shi Xiaoxu , Marti Olivier
Published: March 2023

Recent variability in West African monsoon rainfall has been shown to be influenced by multiple ocean-atmosphere modes, including the El Niño Southern Oscillation, Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation and the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation. How these modes will change in response to long term forcing is less well understood. Here we use four transient simulations driven by changes in orbital forcing and greenhouse gas concentrations over the past 6,000 years to examine the relationship between West African monsoon rainfall multiscale variability and changes in the modes associated with this variability. All four models show a near linear decline in monsoon rainfall over the past 6,000 years in response to the gradual weakening of the interhemispheric gradient in sea surface temperatures. The only modes that show a long-term trend are those associated with the strengthening of the El Niño Southern Oscillation from the mid-Holocene onwards. There are marked multi-centennial oscillations superimposed on the long-term trend in monsoon rainfall which are strongly associated with multi-centennial oscillations in the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation and in tropical Atlantic sea surface temperatures in all models. However, the influence of different modes on interannual to multi-decadal rainfall variability is not consistent across the models. This is driven in one case by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation and changes in Mediterranean sea surface temperatures, by tropical sea surface temperature changes in another, and in the fourth model by a combination of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation and the El Niño Southern Oscillation. Furthermore, multiple inter-basin teleconnections are associated with significant rainfall anomalies in each model.
Prevalence of Mental Disorders and factors associated with it among Ethiopian Migrant Returnees from the Middle East
Authors: Abera Sisay , Niguss Tadios , Tesfahun Esubalew , Mulu Tegegn , Kindu Bezabih , Tulu Mikiyas
Published: March 2023

Anxiety, depression, and unexplained physical symptoms are some of the distress states that commonly emerge as common mental disorders that are seen in primary care and community settings. The problem worsens regarding migrant individuals, especially when they are illegal in their existence. This problem has been observed in accordance with Ethiopian Middle East migrants as the majority of them move to the Gulf countries without the legal consent of the nation and the government of Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors of common mental disorders among Ethiopian migrant returnees from the Middle East.
A cross-sectional study design was used with both qualitative and quantitative data using 368 randomly selected samples of the returned migrants. The coded data was checked, cleaned, and entered into Epi Data and then exported into SPSS for analysis. Frequency, percent, figures, and tables were used to present the results of this study. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine the associated factors. Besides, a Focused Group Discussion was held to identify factors which make the returnees suffer from the common mental illness.
The prevalence of common mental disorders in this study was 72.6%. The study participants displayed the following common mental illness symptoms: headache, poor sleep, being easily frightened, and being worried.
The prevalence of common mental disorders in this population of migrant returnees from different Middle East countries to Ethiopia was high compared to other study findings. Factors that were significantly related to common mental illness were occupational status, having a physical or medical illness, having a history of torture, and having a history of kidnapping. These factors were significantly related to common mental illness. The health office in Addis Ababa should raise public awareness about common mental illnesses and their consequences for the community.
Does visuospatial neglect contribute to standing balance within the first 12 weeks post-stroke? A prospective longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Embrechts Elissa , Schröder Jonas , Nijboer Tanja C.W. , Waal Charlotte van der , Lafosse Christophe , Truijen Steven , Saeys Wim
Published: March 2023

Background Although visuospatial neglect (VSN) has been suggested to limit recovery of standing balance post-stroke, recovery studies investigating this association by means of repeated within-subjects measurements early post-stroke are lacking. Therefore, this cohort study evaluated prospectively if VSN severity is longitudinally associated with (I) an inability to standing independently and (II) impaired postural control and an asymmetric weight-bearing in the first 12 weeks post-stroke. Methods Thirty-six hemiplegic individuals after a first-ever unilateral stroke were evaluated serially at weeks 3, 5, 8 and 12 post-stroke. Egocentric and allocentric VSN severity were evaluated using the Broken Hearts Test. The standing unperturbed item of the Berg Balance Scale (BBS-s) was used to evaluate standing independence. Posturographic measure of center-of-pressure velocities (COPvel−ML, COPvel−AP) and ground reactions forces during quiet standing were used as metrics reflecting postural control and weight-bearing asymmetry (WBA), respectively. Linear mixed models were used to examine associations between egocentric and allocentric VSN, and BBS-s, COPvelML, COPvel−APand WBA within the first 12 weeks post-stroke. Results Egocentric (β= -0.08, 95%CI[-0.15;-0.01], P = .029) and allocentric VSN (β= -0.09, 95%CI[-0.15; -0.04], P = .002) were significant, independent factors for BBS-s scores in the first 12 weeks post-stroke. On the other hand, egocentric and allocentric VSN were no longer significant for COPvel−ML, COPvel−APand WBA in the first 12 weeks post-stroke, after correction for covariates age, muscle strength in the most-affected leg, and contralesional sensory loss. Conclusions Allocentric and egocentric VSN seem to contribute to a decreased standing independence, but not to impaired postural control or greater WBA in the early subacute post-stroke phase. The latter may result from VSN measures being not sensitive enough to detect fine-grained, residual attentional deficits once the individuals regained standing ability. Clinical Trial Registration. Clinicaltrials.gov. unique identifier NCT05060458.
Identification of promising high-affinity inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease from African Natural Products Databases by Virtual Screening
Authors: DIABATE Oudou , CISSE Cheickna , SANGARE Mamadou , Soremekun Opeyemi , Fatumo Segun , SHAFFER Jeffrey G. , DOUMBIA Seydou , WELE Mamadou
Published: March 2023

With the rapid spread of the new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the pathogen agent of COVID-19 pandemic created a serious threat to global public health, requiring the most urgent research for potential therapeutic agents. The availability of genomic data of SARS-CoV-2 and efforts to determine the protein structure of the virus facilitated the identification of potent inhibitors by using structure-based approach and bioinformatics tools. Many pharmaceuticals have been proposed for the treatment of COVID-19, although their effectiveness has not been assessed yet. However, it is important to find out new-targeted drugs to overcome the resistance concern. Several viral proteins such as proteases, polymerases or structural proteins have been considered as potential therapeutic targets. But the virus target must be essential for host invasion match some drugability criterion. In this Work, we selected the highly validated pharmacological target main protease Mpro and we performed high throughput virtual screening of African Natural Products Databases such as NANPDB, EANPDB, AfroDb, and SANCDB to identify the most potent inhibitors with the best pharmacological properties. In total, 8753 natural compounds were virtually screened by AutoDock vina against the main protease of SARS-CoV-2. Two hundred and five (205) compounds showed high-affinity scores (less than − 10.0 Kcal/mol), while fifty-eight (58) filtered through Lipinski’s rules showed better affinity than known Mpro inhibitors (i.e., ABBV-744, Onalespib, Daunorubicin, Alpha-ketoamide, Perampanel, Carprefen, Celecoxib, Alprazolam, Trovafloxacin, Sarafloxacin, Ethyl biscoumacetate…). Those promising compounds could be considered for further investigations toward the developpement of SARS-CoV-2 drug development.
Uncovering Brain Functional Connectivity Disruption Patterns of Lung Cancer-related Pain
Authors: Wei Xiaotong , Lai Yong , Lan Xiaosong , Tan Yong , Zhang Jing , Liu Jiang , Chen Jiao , Wang Chengfang , Zhou Xiaoyu , Tang Yu , Liu Daihong , Zhang Jiuquan
Published: March 2023

Pain is a pervasive symptom in lung cancer patients during the onset of the disease. This study aims to investigate the connectivity disruption patterns of the whole-brain functional network in lung cancer patients with cancer pain (CP+). We constructed individual whole-brain, region of interest (ROI)-level functional connectivity (FC) networks for 50 CP+ patients, 34 lung cancer patients without pain-related complaints (CP−), and 31 matched healthy controls (HC). Then, a ROI-based FC analysis was used to determine the disruptions of FC among the three groups. The relationships between aberrant FCs and clinical parameters were also characterized. The ROI-based FC analysis demonstrated that hypo-connectivity was present both in CP+ and CP− patients compared to HC, which were particularly clustered in the somatomotor and ventral attention, frontoparietal control, and default mode modules. Notably, compared to CP− patients, CP+ patients had hyper-connectivity in several brain regions mainly distributed in the somatomotor and visual modules, suggesting these abnormal FC patterns may be specific for cancer pain. Moreover, CP+ patients also showed increased intramodular and intermodular connectivity strength of the functional network. Finally, abnormal FCs within the prefrontal cortex and somatomotor cortex were positively correlated with pain intensity and pain duration, respectively. These findings suggested that lung cancer patients with cancer pain had disrupted connectivity in the intrinsic brain functional network, which may be the underlying neuroimaging mechanisms.
Visualizing oxygen transport pathways during intergranular oxidation in Ni-Cr
Authors: Weiser Martin , Olszta Matthew , Engelhard Mark , Zhu Zihua , Schreiber Daniel
Published: March 2023

The transport paths of O during intergranular oxidation in binary Ni-Cr were investigated. To isolate this corrosion scenario, a CO/CO2 gas mixture the oxygen potential was kept under the Ni/NiO equilibrium. A combination of electron microscopy and atom probe tomography (APT) was used to study the nanometer-scale details of the passivation and penetrative intergranular oxidation processes at high-energy grain boundaries. Oxygen transport towards the terminating oxidation front is elucidated with dedicated usage of oxygen tracer exchange experiments. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy and APT support classical theories of internal oxidation, revealing preferred transport paths at the oxide/alloy interface with sub-nanometer resolution.
Investigating the Benefit Incidence of Import Tariffs changes among Zimbabwean Households (2009-2014)
Authors: Mugocha Everisto Madziva
Published: March 2023

Using import tariffs data from the Zimbabwe Revenue Authority and FinScope’s Income and Expenditure Surveys, this study estimates the benefit incidence of import tariffs in Zimbabwe over the period 2009–2014. The incidence of import tariffs and expenditure shares are compared using Lorenz curve estimations; over time, between male and female-headed households, rural and urban households, and household income groups. The findings indicate that the import tariffs were regressive over the given period, especially in rural areas. Poor households tended to bear much of the import tariff burden when compared to non-poor households. Female-headed households also bore a higher import tariff burden compared to male-headed households. These results suggest for inequality reducing trade policy reforms. Importantly, designing import tariff structures that cushion poor households from the negative import tariffs effect is important for Zimbabwe.
Lessons on the COVID-19 pandemic: who are the most affected
Authors: Xie Jun , Piao Xiangdan , Managi Shunsuke
Published: March 2023

Epidemic prevention policies during COVID-19 are considered effective ways to protect lives, but the dramatically changing work and lifestyle under those policies significantly impact occupational stress. Based on the panel data of job stress checks from 2018 to 2021, this study explores the time and individual heterogeneity in the impacts of the pandemic on occupational stress. Following the job demand-resource theory, we further identified the most affected group of employees, given their workplace factors. Our findings show that, on average, occupational stress was alleviated initially in 2020 but deteriorated again in 2021. By examining the heterogeneity effects, we found that less motivated employees are more likely to experience a significant fluctuation in high-stress risk due to the pandemic. Providing adequate workplace support is expected to mitigate the high-stress risk, especially interpersonal relationships, support from managers, job meaning, job control, and work-life balance. Motivated employees experienced higher occupational stress in the early phase of the pandemic, while less motivated employees tended to have higher occupational stress in the following years of the pandemic. The most effective workplace factors to mitigate the negative pandemic impacts on occupational stress vary across the years, requiring continuing studies to understand and provide person-centered coping solutions.
Development of Chronic Kidney Disease Risk Prediction and Management System- Research study
Authors: Asmare Abeba Getachew , Thamineni Bheema Lingaiah. , Dasari Hanumesh Kumar. , Woldetsadik Solomon
Published: March 2023

Background: Chronic kidney disease is one of a major global public health issue, affecting over 10% of the population worldwide. It is the leading cause of death in 2016 ranking 16th and is expected to rise to 5th rank by 2040.Consequently, tools to identify patients at high risk of having CKD and management of risk factors are needed, particularly in limited-resources settings where laboratory facilities are scarce. This study aimed to develop a risk prediction and management system using data from JUMC, SPHMMC and MTUTH.
Objective: To develop chronic kidney disease risk prediction and management system is using expert system.
Method :General chronic kidney disease risk factor were collected from expert knowledge .The identified general risk factors were applied on 384 patients data collected from three hospitals to identify risk factors in Ethiopia .The risk factors were identified using statistical analysis .After identifying the risk factors from the statistical analysis ,risk factor managements techniques were identified from expert knowledge. Knowledge gained from the expert knowledge and statistical analyses were combined and developed using rule based expert system.
Main outcome measure: Accuracy, Precision and recall are the parameters which have been evaluated from the developed system using confusion matrix.
Result: The system has showed 63.3 %, 65.3 %and 77.5%accuracy at 14%, 24% and 34% cut off percent respectively in estimating probability.
Conclusion: This study will have significance in preventing chronic kidney disease at early stage and creating awareness.
Funding Statement: The authors received no specific funding for this study.
Breastfeeding determinants at four months after birth: a case-control study in Maluku, Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Kabasubabo Francis K. , Kayembe Dynah M. , Tran Nguyen Toan , Akilimali Pierre Z.
Published: March 2023

Background
Exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of life yields enormous health outcomes for children, mothers and their families. With only 35% of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) under six months, women in Kinshasa lag behind national and international goals. The drop in EBF is sharpest between three and four months postnatal. This exploratory study aimed at identifying and understanding the determinants of EBF at four months after birth.
Methods
This case-control study involved 80 EBF and 320 non-EBF women and applied bivariate and multivariate analysis to determine the association between independent variables and EBF.
Results
In multivariate analysis, the following maternal predictors were associated with EBF at four months postnatal: being in a union (aOR = 4.55; 95% CI: 1.30–11.27), early initiation of breastfeeding (aOR = 3.15; 95% CI: 1.29–7.70), breastfeeding information, education and counseling during antenatal care, after delivery, and at discharge (aOR = 2.96; 95% CI: 1.35–6.51), having planned for at least five months of EBF (aOR = 16.87; 95% CI: 7.11–40.03), favorable attitude to breastfeeding in public (aOR = 2.45; 95% CI: 1.12–5.37), and the absence of depression (aOR = 2.55; 95% CI: 1.17–5.54). Also significant was being the firstborn child (aOR: 4.53; IC à 95%: 1.20–17.02).
Conclusions
Policies and interventions aimed at improving the provision of EBF information, education and counseling during antenatal care and after childbirth, supporting mothers in planning for EBF, encouraging early initiation of breastfeeding right after birth, and identifying mental health issues, such as depression, could be beneficial in improving exclusive breastfeeding among mothers in Kinshasa and other provinces and communities lagging behind national and international breastfeeding goals.
Calculation method of HJC constitutive model parameters of natural joint angle slate
Authors: Wan Antong , Tao Tiejun , Tian Xingzhao , Xie Caijin
Published: March 2023

In the course of underground engineering, geological conditions of layered slate are often encountered. Understanding the mechanical characteristics of layered slate is a prerequisite for engineering construction and disaster prevention and mitigation. As a result, at the beginning of the project, a large number of indoor tests were required, which is time-consuming and laborious. At the same time, the natural joint angle of the layered slate is random, so it is extremely difficult to establish a database of the mechanical characteristics of the layered slate. Therefore, it is urgent to find a simple and feasible method to determine the mechanical characteristics of the layered slate at a natural dip angle. Static test, Split-Hopkinson-Pressure-Bar (SHPB) test, and sensitivity analysis method are used in this paper. Taking five special joint angles (0 °, 30 °, 45 °, 60 °, 90 °) slate as the research object, the calculation method of Holmquist-Johnson-Cook (HJC) constitutive model parameters of natural joint angle slate are constructed, and the relationship between the HJC model parameters and the joint dip angle of slate is deduced. The results will provide a simple and feasible numerical simulation method for slate dynamics analysis.
Glyco-conjugated thiosemicarbazones of substituted isatin containing D-galactose moiety: Synthesis, bacterial/fungal inhibition assay and molecular docking study
Authors: Thanh Nguyen Dinh , Giang Nguyen Thi Kim , Toan Vu Ngoc , Van Hoang Thi Kim , Tri Nguyen Minh , Anh Hoang Huu , Toan Duong Ngoc
Published: March 2023

Some different isatin-thiosemicarbazones 4a-4h derived from corresponding substituted isatins and N-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-d-galactopyranosyl)thiosemicarbazide have been synthesized and studied for antibacterial and antifungal activity. Inhibitory activities of some better active compounds against several S. aureus enzymes, including two enzymes of bacterial topoisomerase type II, DNA gyrase and DNA topoisomerase IV (Topo IV), have also been determined. The obtained results showed that the potential compounds 4c, 4d, and 4e all exhibited remarkable activity on antimicrobial tests for five Gram-(+) and four Gram-(−) bacterial strains as well as five fungal strains. These most potent compounds were further studied induced fit docking and MM-GBSA researches. The obtained results indicated that H-binding interactions with residue Arg1122 on chain B, as well as stacking π-π interactions with residues DG10 and DC11 on chain E were important interactions, perhaps determining the high bioactivity of compound 4c. The 280 ns-MD simulation showed all the dynamic interactions that took place between inhibitor 4c and residues in active pocket of enzyme 2XCS during the period when it entered and settled in this pocket as well as its stability in receptor in order to induce the necessary biological reaction (i.e., the inhibitory activity of this enzyme of S. aureus).
Drag Assessment for Boundary Layer Control Schemes with Mass Injection
Authors: Fahland Georg , Atzori Marco , Frede Annika , Stroh Alexander , Frohnapfel Bettina , Gatti Davide
Published: March 2023

The present study considers uniform blowing in turbulent boundary layers as active flow control scheme for drag reduction on airfoils. The focus lies on the important question of how to quantify the drag reduction potential of this control scheme correctly. It is demonstrated that mass injection causes the body drag (the drag resulting from the stresses on the body) to differ from the wake survey drag (the momentum deficit in the wake of an airfoil), which is classically used in experiments as a surrogate for the former. This difference is related to the boundary layer control (BLC) penalty, an unavoidable drag portion which reflects the effort of a mass-injecting boundary layer control scheme. This is independent of how the control is implemented. With an integral momentum budget, we show that for the present control scheme, the wake survey drag contains the BLC penalty and is thus a measure for the inclusive drag of the airfoil, i.e. the one required to determine net drag reduction. The concept of the inclusive drag is extended also to boundary layers using the von Kàrmàn equation. This means that with mass injection the friction drag only is not sufficient to assess drag reduction also in canonical flows. Large Eddy Simulations and Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes simulations of the flow around airfoils are utilized to demonstrate the significance of this distinction for the scheme of uniform blowing. When the inclusive drag is properly accounted for, control scenarios previously considered to yield drag reduction actually show drag increase.
Extracellular vesicles of Euryarchaeida: precursor to eukaryotic membrane trafficking
Authors: Mills Joshua , Mills Joshua , Gebhard L , Gebhard L , Schubotz Florence , Schubotz Florence , Shevchenko Anna , Shevchenko Anna , Speth Daan , Speth Daan , Duggin Iain , Duggin Iain , Liao Yan , Liao Yan , Marchfelder Anita , Marchfelder Anita , Erdmann Susanne , Erdmann Susanne
Published: March 2023

Since their discovery, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have changed our view on how organisms interact with their extracellular world. EVs are able to traffic a diverse array of molecules across different species and even domains, facilitating numerous functions. In this study, we investigate EV production in Haloferax volcanii, as representative for Euryarchaeida. We uncover that EVs enclose RNA, with specific transcripts preferentially enriched, including those with regulatory potential, and conclude that EVs can act as an RNA communication system between haloarchaea. We demonstrate the key role of an EV-associated Ras superfamily GTPase for EV formation in H. volcanii that is also present across other diverse evolutionary branches of Archaea. Ras superfamily GTPases are key players in eukaryotic intracellular vesicle formation and trafficking mechanisms that have been crucial for the emergence of Eukaryotes. Therefore, we propose that archaeal EV formation could reveal insights into the origin of the compartmentalized eukaryotic cell.
Textbook outcome contributes to long-term prognosis in older adults with gastric cancer
Authors: Morito Atsushi , Iwatsuki Masaaki , Maeda Yuto , Misuura Chishou , Hara Yoshihiro , Matsumoto Chihiro , Toihata Tasuku , Kosumi Keisuke , Eto Kojiro , Baba Yoshifumi , Iwagami Shiro , Miyamoto Yuji , Yoshida Naoya , Baba Hideo
Published: March 2023

Purpose
Textbook outcome (TO) is a composite quality measurement of short-term outcomes for evaluating surgical procedures. We investigated whether TO can be used to predict outcomes after curative gastric cancer (GC) surgery in older adults.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 465 consecutive patients who underwent curative gastrectomy for GC from 2005 to 2017. Among these, 141 advanced-age patients were eligible. The patients were divided into two groups: those who achieved TO (a-TO group) and those who failed to achieve TO (f-TO group). In accordance with previous reports, TO consisted of eight metrics. We evaluated the association between TO and long-term survival.
Results
TO was achieved 73 (52%) patients. The patients in the f-TO group had a significantly higher body mass index (P = 0.01), longer surgery time (P = 0.03), and more blood loss (P = 0.001). The metric with the lowest achievement rate was “no postoperative severe complication.” The patients in the f-TO group had significantly shorter overall survival than those in the a-TO group (P = 0.03). Multivariable Cox regression analyses of overall survival revealed that an American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification of 3 (hazard ratio [HR], 2.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.68–5.26; P = 0.0002), presence of lymph node metastasis (HR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.03–3.35; P = 0.04), and f-TO (HR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.04–3.19; P = 0.03) were significantly associated with poor overall survival.
Conclusion
TO can be used to predict outcomes after curative GC surgery in patients of advanced age.
Biofertilizer from vermicompost and microorganisms: effect on strawberry, blackberry, and blueberry phytochemical profile
Authors: Karaklajić-Stajić Žaklina , Tomić Jelena , Pešaković Marijana , Paunović Svetlana M. , Štampar Franc , Mikulic-Petkovsek Maja , Hudina Metka , Veberic Robert , Jakopic Jerneja
Published: March 2023

The aim of this research was to compare the effect of conventional fertilization (control) and conventional fertilization supplemented with biofertilizer (‘Biovermix’) based on vermicompost and microorganisms (treatment), on the nutritional value of different berry species: strawberry (‘Senga Sengana’), blackberry (‘Čačanska Bestrna’) and blueberry (‘Aurora’). The results showed that biofertilization positively affected fruit weight (8.8 g), soluble solids content (8.9°Bx), sugars (65.6 g kg− 1 FW) and all identified phenolic groups (phenolic acids, flavanols, flavonols and anthocyanins) in blackberry fruits. Significantly higher fruit weight (15.5 g), total sugars and organic acids content (62.4 and 14.5 g kg− 1 FW, respectively) and flavanones content (20.06 mg 100 g− 1 FW) in strawberries fruits were confirmed in biofertilization treatment. Biofertilizer supplementing exhibited the highest effectiveness in terms of the organic acid (21.0 g kg− 1 FW) and anthocyanins (153.26 mg 100 g− 1 FW) composition in blueberry fruits. Therefore, the use of biofertilizers as supplements to conventional fertilization can be considered an appropriate practice to ensure soil biological activity, which has an indirect positive effect on the sensory and nutritive value of the tested berry species.
Transcriptomic landscape reveals germline potential of porcine skin-derived multipotent dermal fibroblast progenitors
Authors: Liu Wen-Xiang , Li Chun-Xiao , Xie Xin-Xiang , Ge Wei , Qiao Tian , Sun Xiao-Feng , Shen Wei , cheng shunfeng
Published: March 2023

According to estimations, approximately about 15% of couples worldwide suffer from infertility, in which individuals with azoospermia or oocyte abnormalities cannot be treated with assisted reproductive technology. The skin-derived stem cells (SDSC) differentiation into primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLC) is one of the major breakthroughs in the field of stem cell intervention for infertility treatment in recent years. However, the cellular origin of SDSC and its dynamic changes in transcription profile during differentiation into PGCLC in vitro remain largely undissected. Here, the results of single-cell RNA sequencing indicated that porcine SDSC is mainly derived from multipotent dermal fibroblast progenitors (MDFP), which are regulated by growth factors (EGF/bFGF). Importantly, porcine SDSC exhibit pluripotency for differentiating into three germ layers and can effectively differentiate into PGCLC through complex transcriptional regulation involving histone modification. Moreover, this study also highlights that porcine SDSC-derived PGCLC specification exhibit conservation with the human primordial germ cells lineage and that its proliferation is mediated by the MAPK signalling pathway. Our findings provide substantial novel insights into the field of regenerative medicine in which stem cells differentiate into germ cells in vitro, as well as potential therapeutic effects in individuals with azoospermia and/or defective oocytes.
A New Transcranial Doppler Parameter for Intracranial Hypertension Assessment in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Brasil Sergio , Romeijn Hannah , Haspels Esther K. , Paiva Wellingson , Schaafsma Arjen
Published: March 2023

Background: Transcranial Doppler (TCD) is a noninvasive bedside tool for intracerebral hemodynamic assessments in multiple clinical scenarios. TCD, by means of measuring systolic and diastolic blood velocities allows the calculation of the pulsatility index (PI), a parameter that is correlated with intracranial pressure (ICP). Nevertheless, the predictive value of the PI for raised ICP appears to be low, since it is subjected to several, often confounding factors not related to ICP. Recently, the Pulsatile Apparent Resistance (PaR) was developed as a PI corrected for arterial blood pressure, reducing some of the confounding factors influencing PI. This study compares the predictive value of PaR versus PI for intracranial hypertension (IH, ICP >20 mmHg) in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).
Methods: Patients with TBI admitted to the neurocritical care unit who required invasive ICP were included prospectively within five days of admission. TCD measurements were performed in both middle cerebral arteries, allowing calculations of the PI and PaR. The discriminative power of these parameters for ICP ≥20 mmHg was assessed by calculating the area under the Receiver Operator Characteristics curve (AUC).
Results: 93 patients were included. A total of 20 (22%) patients experienced IH. The discriminative power was low for PI (AUC 0.64, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.49 – 0.79) and moderate for PaR (AUC 0.75, 95% CI 0.63 – 0.86). With regard to subgroup analyses, the discriminative power of these parameters increased after exclusion of patients who had undergone a craniectomy. This was especially true for the PaR (AUC right side 0.88; CI 0,72 – 1,0) and PI (AUC right side 0.72; CI 0,44 – 1,0).
Conclusion: In the present study, discriminative power of the PaR for IH was superior to the PI, especially in patients not having undergone craniectomy. The assessment of PaR may be an adjunct especially for improving timing on a neurosurgical intervention, but also for their monitoring after a neurosurgery is performed. Further studies are warranted to define its clinical application.
Trial registration: NCT03144219, Registered 01 May 2017 Retrospectively registered, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03144219
Autotransplantation with preoperative simulation using three-dimensional replica –Report of three cases and review of literature
Authors: Kasuga Taichi , Shinmyouzu Kouhei
Published: March 2023

Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of autotransplantation of a mature third molar to a fresh molar extraction socket using three-dimensional (3D) replicas and a preoperative simulation, which includeduse of preoperative cone-beam computed tomographicy(CBCT) planning and 3D replicas of donor teeth to prepare the artificial tooth sockets.
Methods
Three patients underwent autotransplantation using 3D replicas and preoperative simulation. Before the procedure, the direction and depth of the donor tooth were confirmed with a computer using replica data, then a simulation was performed using the replica and the research model as pseudo-autotransplantation surgery. The replica was manufactured using a 3D printing technique. The surgical procedure was based on guided autotransplantation surgery methods associated with Andreasen’s technique.
Results
Based on Chamberlin's criteria for successful transplantation, all three patients had good results. The average extraoral time of the donor tooth was shortened to an average 3.33 minutes when using a 3D replica. Additionally, we previously presented a report of a case without 3D replica autotransplantation with a time of 16 minutes.
Conclusions
The present approach enables planning and production of a 3D printed surgical template with use of the latest diagnostic methods and guided autotransplantation surgery techniques. Autotransplantation using a 3D replicas with preoperative simulation is an effective method that can reduce extraoral time as well as periodontal ligament damage to the donor tooth, and can reduce the rate of failure.
Chasing the Tail: A Generalized Pareto Distribution Approach to Estimating Wealth Inequality
Authors: Kennickell Arthur B.
Published: March 2023

Since the work reported in Vermeulen [2018], a literature has developed on using the simple Pareto distribution along with “rich list” information to make improved estimates of the upper tail of the wealth distribution measured in surveys. Because the construction of such external data is typically opaque and subject to potentially serious measurement error, it may be best not to depend exclusively on this approach. This paper develops an alternative approach, using the generalized Pareto distribution (GPD), of which the simple Pareto is a subset, extending an estimation strategy developed by Castillo and Hadi [1997]. The greater flexibility of the GPD allows the possibility of modeling the tail of the wealth distribution, using a larger set of data for support than is typically the case with the simple Pareto. Moreover, the elaboration of the estimation method presented here allows explicitly for the possibility that the extreme of the observed upper tail is measured with error or that it is not captured at all. The approach also allows the incorporation of external data on total wealth as a constraint on the estimation. For the applications considered here using Austrian and U.S. micro data, the model relies on an estimate of total household wealth from national accounts, rather than rich-list information. The results suggest that where sufficiently comparable and reliable estimates of aggregate wealth are available, this approach can provide a useful way of mitigating problems in comparing distributional estimates across surveys that differ meaningfully in their effective coverage of the upper tail of the wealth distribution. The approach may be particularly useful in the construction of distributional national accounts.
Household Earnings Mobility and Inequality: The Role of Heterogeneous Macro Effects
Authors: Kwon Sanguk , Ni Shawn
Published: March 2023

We examine the dynamics of household earnings mobility and earnings inequality in the aftermath of recessions, both in the short term and over the life cycle, using panel data on cohorts of Korean and U.S. households. We observe an increase in short-term earnings mobility for the Korean households following the Asian financial crisis, and a moderate change in short-term mobility for the U.S. households after recessions. We find that a standard benchmark model of income dynamics matches the time series of earnings inequality for both panels. However, this model overestimates earnings mobility over an intermediate horizon of several years. We generalize the benchmark model by allowing for heterogeneous effects of macro factors and find that the generalized model provides a better fit for both earnings inequality and earnings mobility. Moreover, we find that the heterogeneous macro effects identified in the generalized model accelerate earnings mobility and reduce earnings inequality for both the Korean and U.S. households.
JEL Classification: D31 , E25
Effect of backward median current on stability, microstructure and mechanical properties of SUS304 weldments fabricated by local dry underwater MIG welding
Authors: Zhang Wenxu , Liao Haipeng , Zhang Bin , Zhang Qin , Wu Xiangmiao , Tian Jiyu , Wang Zhenmin
Published: March 2023

Local dry underwater backward median pulse MIG welding (LDU-BMPMIG) was proposed in this study. The effects of different backward median currents on welding process stability, weld forming, microstructure, and mechanical properties of weldments were investigated comprehensively. The results reveal that the backward median current waveform effectively improved the welding stability. With the increase of backward median current, the welding stability increased first and then decreased. With the backward median current of 200 A, the welding process stability was the most satisfied. The quality of weld formation was consistent with welding stability. LDU-BMPMIG weldments exhibited fewer macroscopic defects and better overall morphology compared with LDU-PMIG weldment. The weldment microstructure was mainly composed of γ-austenite and δ-ferrite with different morphologies. The satisfied stability of the welding process contributed to improving the microstructure uniformity. The variation trend of tensile strength for LDU-BMPMIG weldments was approximately kept consistent with welding process stability. The weldment prepared by 200A showed considerable mechanical properties with minimal fluctuation, which reached 97.5% of maximum average tensile strength, which meant the most excellent compared to the others. The experimental results can improve the stability of local dry underwater welding and provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the application of underwater welding.
Transglutaminase 2 Expression is Associated with Increased Risk of Lymph Node Metastasis and Recurrence in Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Solak Yagmur Goksoy , Yegen Gulcin , Onder Semen , Tekin Sakin , Soyluk Ozlem , Gul Nurdan , Tanakol Refik , Aral Ferihan , Uzum Ayse Kubat
Published: March 2023

Purpose
Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is associated with mobilization, invasion, and chemoresistance of tumor cells. We aimed to determine whether the immunohistochemical staining with TG2 antibody differs between metastatic and non-metastatic papillary thyroid cancer patients.
Methods
We included 76 patients with papillary thyroid cancer (72% female, median age 52 (24–81) years, follow-up time 107 (60–216) months). Thirty of them with no metastasis, 30 of them with only lymph node metastasis and 16 patients with distant ± lymph node metastasis. Immunohistochemical staining of TG2 antibody was evaluated in the primary tumor and extra-tumoral tissue. We also divided subjects into two groups according to their primary tumor TG2 staining score (group A, high risk group: ≥3, n = 43; group B, low risk group: <3, n = 33).
Results
Vascular invasion (p < 0,001), thyroid capsule invasion (p < 0,001), extrathyroidal extension (p < 0,001), intrathyroidal dissemination (p = 0,001), lymph node metastasis (p < 0,001), presence of aggressive histology (p < 0,001) were significantly higher in group A. No significant difference was found between the groups in terms of distant metastasis. Based on ATA risk classification 95.5% of patients with low risk were in group B but 86.8% of intermediate risk and 56.3% of high risk were in group A. In regression analysis, lymph node metastasis increased by 1,9 times with each one point increase in TG2 staining score.
Conclusion
TG2 staining score of the primary tumor may be a predictive factor for lymph node metastasis. High or low TG2 scores may effect the frequency of follow-up and decision of treatment regimens.
Dissipative structures of convection Marangoni in a thin layer of liquid with lattice of localized and continuously distributed heat sources and sinks
Authors: Wertgeim Igor , Sharifulin Vadim , Sharifulin Albert
Published: March 2023

The three-dimensional solutions of nonlinear long-wavelength approximations for the problem of Marangoni convection in a thin horizontal layer of a viscous incompressible fluid with a free surface is being considered. The temperature distribution in the liquid corresponds to a uniform vertical gradient distorted by the imposition of a weakly inhomogeneous heat flux localized in the horizontal plane, caused by a lattice of either localized or continuously distributed heat sources and sinks. The lower boundary of the layer is solid and thermally insulated, while the upper one is free and deformable. The statement of the problem is motivated by the search for ways to control convection structures. The problem in long-wave approximation is described by a system of nonlinear transport equations for the amplitudes of temperature distribution and surface deformation. The numerical solution of the problem is based on the pseudospectral method. The dynamics of non-stationary dissipative structures is considered.
Atypical Neurosyphilis Predominantly Affects the Cingulate Gyrus: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Zeng Wen-gao , Yu Ya-chun , Zhou Hua-shan , Xu Wei , Hu Jue , Chen Su-fen , Zhou Jun-jie , Wang Zhen
Published: March 2023

Background

The incidence of syphilis has been increasing in recent years, and neurosyphilis can present with various clinical features and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings.

Case presentation

We report a rare case of neurosyphilis in a patient presenting with dizziness, altered mental status, and left limb weakness. MRI revealed changes in the right cingulate gyrus, adjacent frontal lobe cortex and subcortex. The diagnosis of neurosyphilis was confirmed by positive serum Red Unheated Serum Test (TRUST) and Treponema pallidum particle agglutination (TPPA) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Treatment with penicillin G resulted in the disappearance of the lesion and improvement of the patient's clinical condition.

Conclusions

This case report highlights the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for neurosyphilis in patients with cingulate gyrus lesions on MRI and atypical neurological symptoms, even in the absence of typical risk factors or clinical manifestations of syphilis.
Non-absolute integrable function spaces on metric measure spaces
Authors: Saha Parthapratim , Hazarika Bipan , Kalita Hemanta
Published: March 2023

Kuelbs-Steadman spaces are introduced in this article on a separable metric space having finite diameter together with a finite Borel measure. Kuelbs-Steadman spaces of the Lipschitz type are also discussed. Various inclusion properties are also discussed. In the sequel, we introduce HK-Sobolev spaces on metric mesure space which coincides with HK-Sobolev space in the Euclidean case. In application, we discuss the boundedness of Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator on Kuelbs-Steadman spaces and HK-Sobolev spaces over a metric measure space.
2020 Mathematical Subject Clasification: 46B25, 46E35, 46E36, 46F25.
Perturbations in the ligand-receptor interactions unravel novel heterogeneous subtypes of stage II/III colorectal cancer
Authors: Han Xinwei , Xu Hui , Chen Shuang , Li Jing , Weng Siyuan , Ren Yuqing , Zhang Yuyuan , Wang Libo , Liu Long , Guo Chunguang , Xing Zhe , Liu Zaoqu
Published: March 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.