bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modelling for Estimation Carbon Stocks in Land Cover Using A System Dynamic Approach (Case Study: Prabumulih City, South Sumatera, Indonesia)
Authors:   1Postgraduate Program of Environmental Science, Universitas Sriwijaya, Jl. Padang Selasa, Palembang, Indonesia 30139, Pratiwi Y , Rejo A , Fariani A , Faizal M
Published: December 2022

Human activities, which have interfered with the ecological system, have led to global warming. This has led to the release of carbon stocks into the atmosphere, thereby reducing the function of carbon sinks in places with vegetated land. With increased human activities, vegetated land will soon become non-vegetated. This is because the increased human activities have led to the absorption of higher amounts of carbon in the atmosphere than the required level. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate land cover on carbon stocks in Prabumulih City, South Sumatera Province, Indonesia. The study employed a random field survey using a dynamic system, with the results showing that land cover consisted of oil palm plantations, mixed plantations, grass, swamp shrubs, and rivers. However, the area was dominated by rubber plantations, and as a result, the carbon stocks continued to decline. For instance, in 2008, the level of carbon stock was 2,438.72 Gg and fell to 2,190.85 Gg in 2020, indicating a 4.8% decrease. It is projected that by 2030, the carbon stock in land cover will be 1,988.07 Gg.
The importance of intermediate filaments in the shape maintenance of myoblast model tissues
Authors: Nagle Irène , Delort Florence , Hénon Sylvie , Wilhelm Claire , Batonnet-Pichon Sabrina , Reffay Myriam
Published: December 2022

Liquid and elastic behaviours of tissues drive their morphology and response to the environment. They appear as the first insight into tissue mechanics. We explore the role of individual cell properties on spheroids of mouse muscle precursor cells and investigate the role of intermediate filaments on surface tension and Young’s modulus. By flattening multicellular myoblast aggregates under magnetic constraint, we measure their rigidity and surface tension and show that they act as highly sensitive macroscopic reporters closely related to microscopic local tension and effective adhesion. Shedding light on the major contributions of acto-myosin contractility, actin organization, and intercellular adhesions, we reveal the role of a major component of intermediate filaments in the muscle, desmin and its organization, on the macroscopic mechanics of these tissue models. Implicated in the mechanical and shape integrity of cells, intermediate filaments are found to be crucial to the mechanics of unorganized muscle tissue models even at an early stage of differentiation both in terms of elasticity and surface tension.
Evaluation of in silico predictors on short nucleotide variants in HBA1, HBA2, and HBB associated with haemoglobinopathies
Authors: Tamana Stella , Xenophontos Maria , Minaidou Anna , Stephanou Coralea , Harteveld Cornelis L , Bento Celeste , Traeger-Synodinos Joanne , Fylaktou Irene , Yasin Norafiza Mohd , Abdul Hamid Faidatul Syazlin , Esa Ezalia , Halim-Fikri Hashim , Zilfalil Bin Alwi , Kakouri Andrea C ,   ClinGen Hemoglobinopathy Variant Curation Expert Panel, Kleanthous Marina , Kountouris Petros
Published: December 2022

Haemoglobinopathies are the commonest monogenic diseases worldwide and are caused by variants in the globin gene clusters. With over 2400 variants detected to date, their interpretation using the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG)/Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP) guidelines is challenging and computational evidence can provide valuable input about their functional annotation. While many in silico predictors have already been developed, their performance varies for different genes and diseases. In this study, we evaluate 31 in silico predictors using a dataset of 1627 variants in HBA1, HBA2, and HBB. By varying the decision threshold for each tool, we analyse their performance (a) as binary classifiers of pathogenicity and (b) by using different non-overlapping pathogenic and benign thresholds for their optimal use in the ACMG/AMP framework. Our results show that CADD, Eigen-PC, and REVEL are the overall top performers, with the former reaching moderate strength level for pathogenic prediction. Eigen-PC and REVEL achieve the highest accuracies for missense variants, while CADD is also a reliable predictor of non-missense variants. Moreover, SpliceAI is the top performing splicing predictor, reaching strong level of evidence, while GERP++ and phyloP are the most accurate conservation tools. This study provides evidence about the optimal use of computational tools in globin gene clusters under the ACMG/AMP framework.
Humans read emotional arousal in monkey vocalizations: evidence for evolutionary continuities in communication
Authors: Schwartz Jay W. , Gouzoules Harold
Published: December 2022

Humans and other mammalian species communicate emotions in ways that reflect evolutionary conservation and continuity, an observation first made by Darwin. One approach to testing this hypothesis has been to assess the capacity to perceive the emotional content of the vocalizations of other species. Using a binary forced choice task, we tested perception of the emotional intensity represented in coos and screams of infant and juvenile female rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) by 113 human listeners without, and 12 listeners with, experience (as researchers or care technicians) with this species. Each stimulus pair contained one high- and one low-arousal vocalization, as measured at the time of recording by stress hormone levels for coos and the degree of intensity of aggression for screams. For coos as well as screams, both inexperienced and experienced participants accurately identified the high-arousal vocalization at significantly above-chance rates. Experience was associated with significantly greater accuracy with scream stimuli but not coo stimuli, and with a tendency to indicate screams as reflecting greater emotional intensity than coos. Neither measures of empathy, human emotion recognition, nor attitudes toward animal welfare showed any relationship with responses. Participants were sensitive to the fundamental frequency, noisiness, and duration of vocalizations; some of these tendencies likely facilitated accurate perceptions, perhaps due to evolutionary homologies in the physiology of arousal and vocal production between humans and macaques. Overall, our findings support a view of evolutionary continuity in emotional vocal communication. We discuss hypotheses about how distinctive dimensions of human nonverbal communication, like the expansion of scream usage across a range of contexts, might influence perceptions of other species’ vocalizations.
Effectiveness of Debriefing in Simulation-Based Education for Nursing Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Song Yeoungsuk , Park Seurk
Published: December 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effect of debriefing interventions on clinical competence in nursing students.Methods: A systematic review with a meta-analysis was conducted. Korean and English studies were retrieved from eight databases: KERIS, KISS, KoreaMed, NDSL, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EMbase, and PubMed through January 2022. Fifteen studies were selected for the meta-analysis based on the inclusion criteria and low risk of bias. The data was analyzed using RevMan 5.3. and R software 3.6.2.Results: Most studies had a low risk of bias. Debriefing intervention in simulation-based education were found to be significantly effective compared to the control groups on clinical competence(Hedges’g=1.06, 95% CI=0.73~1.39, p<.001). In addition, the length of the debriefing intervention influenced the heterogeneity in the meta-ANOVA.Conclusion: Debriefing intervention in simulation-based education help improve nursing students’ clinical competence in nursing students. Futhermore, our findings suggest that nursing educators should consider the length of debriefing for nursing students to improve their clinical competence.
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Music Therapy on Depression for Stroke Patients
Authors: Kim Moonhyang , Song Yeoungsuk
Published: December 2022

Purpose: The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the effectiveness of music therapy for depression in stroke patients.Methods: 823 studies were retrieved from seven databases (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, RISS, KISS, and NDSL). Articles published up to June 2022 were selected for this study. Eight studies that satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected for meta-analysis. The data was analyzed using the R 4.0.2 program.Results: Most studies had a low risk of bias. The pooled effect size showed that music therapy was able to reduce depression(ES=-0.87, 95% Cl=-1.52~-0.22, p=.016). In addition, the effect sizes were evaluated for type, length per session, duration, and total sessions, but they did not show statistically significant differences between groups.Conclusion: Music therapy helps reduce depression after stroke. However, subgroup analyses did not show significant between-group differences related to the details of the implemented programs. Studies with larger samples and additional meta-analyses of music therapy are required.
Influences of Depression and Social Support on Quality of Life in Family Caregivers of Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy at an Outpatient Department
Authors: Kim Hye Young , Ko Eun
Published: December 2022

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of depression and social support on quality of life in family caregivers of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy at an outpatient department.Methods: This study had a crosssectional, correlational design using a structured questionnaire. Data were collected from October to December 2019 at a hematology-oncology outpatient department. In total, 148 family caregivers participated in this study. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression with SPSS for Windows version 27.0.Results: The quality of life showed statistically significant differences according to the educational level (t=-3.02, p=.003), family monthly income (t=-4.22, p<.001), job status (t=4.31, p<.001), chronic illness (t=-2.67, p=.009) and patient’s gender (t=-2.70, p=.008). The quality of life was significantly correlated with between depression (r=-.53, p<.001) and social support (r=.50, p<.001). Depression (β=-.35, p<.001), social support (β=.35, p<.001), and job status (β=.15, p=.024) were identified as significant predictors. This model explained approximately 47% of variance in quality of life (F=19.74, p<.001).Conclusion: It is necessary to pay attention to the quality of life in family caregivers of patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Nursing interventions to improve their quality of life might also be developed to considering depression and social support.
The Operational Status and Suggestion of Fundamentals of Nursing Practice in the Early Stage of COVID-19
Authors: Shin YunHee , Song Youngshin , Park Soohyun , Park Jin-Hee , Lim Sehyun , Park Hyojung , Hong Jiyeon , Kim Ji-Su , Kim Sun-Ae , Won Jongsoon , Chaung Seung-Kyo , Choi Dongwon
Published: December 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to understand the actual status of fundamentals of nursing practice (FNP) education at nursing colleges, and the difficulties of FNP operation in the early stages of the COVID-19.Methods: This study used a descriptive design. Data collection was conducted from December 9, 2020 to January 31, 2021 using the self-report questionnaire method for a total of 95 nursing colleges. The questionnaire consisted of characteristics related to FNP, changes in FNP education, difficulties in operating FNP, and countermeasures in the COVID-19 situation.Results: Changes in FNP due to COVID-19 were distribution of practice places, reduction of the number of students, short-term intensive classes, and reduction of face-to-face practice. Most colleges conducted FNP face-to-face, but some schools showed that FNP was conducted non-face-to-face. The difficulties of operating FNP that instructors experienced induced concerns about a decrease in student competency due to lack of face-to-face practice and an unofficial increase in the number of teaching hours and physical demands on instructors due to the expansion of the division.Conclusion: In order to develop the capabilities of nursing students in other pandemic situations in the future, it is necessary to find systematic coping strategy to reduce the burden of FNP instructors, and to develop non-face-to-face online practice contents and consumables for online practice.
Effect of Infection Control Education Based on Digital Story-telling for New Graduate Nurses
Authors: Han Nuri , Kim Ji-Hyun , Jang Insook
Published: December 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an infection control education (ICE) program based on digital story-telling for new graduate nurses.Methods: From June 2 to July 30, 2022, a total of 58 new graduate nurses (30 and 28 nurses in the experimental and control group, respectively) at a tertiary general hospital in D city were enrolled. The effects were evaluated using a nonequivalent control group, non-synchronized design. The effects of the program were evaluated in terms of awareness of standard precautions, performance of standard precautions, and grit.Results: Statistically significant differences between the two groups were found in the awareness of standard precautions (t=-2.18, p=.034) and the performance of standard precautions (t=-3.27, p=.002). Grit was also significantly higher in the experimental group (t=-4.17, p<.001).Conclusion: The development and application of the ICE program effectively improved the awareness of standard precautions, the performance of standard precautions, and grit among new nurses.
Comparison of Factors Related to Health Behavior for Cardiocerebrovascular Disease Prevention in Middle-Aged Women with and without Depression
Authors: Ko Eun , Kim Hyukjoon
Published: December 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the health beliefs, exercise self-efficacy, and health behavior for cardiocerebrovascular disease prevention in middle-aged women with and without depression.Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional, correlational design using a structured questionnaire. The study participants were 180 middle-aged women aged between 40 and 64 years. The survey was conducted from August to December 2020 in G metropolitan city. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, analysis of covariance, and Pearson correlation coefficients with the SPSS for Windows version 27.0.Results: Among the study participants, 70 (38.9%) were depressed and 110 (61.1%) were not depressed. A statistically significant difference was found in health behavior for cardiocerebrovascular disease prevention, with a score of 2.21 in the depressed group and 2.40 in the non-depressed group (F=5.46, p=.021). Health behavior for cardiocerebrovascular disease prevention was positively correlated with exercise self-efficacy (r=.51, p<.001) in the depressed group and wih health beliefs (r=.49, p<.001) and exercise self-efficacy (r=.42, p<.001) in the non-depressed group.Conclusion: It is necessary to consider the degree of depression in middle-aged women and to prepare strategies to increase exercise self-efficacy while considering health beliefs to promote healthy behavior for cardiocerebrovascular disease prevention.
Variable Presentations of Enteric Fever, beyond Fever and Pain Abdomen: A Case Series
Authors: Maitra Somnath , Hazra Kaushik , Roy Sunetra
Published: December 2022

Enteric Fever (Typhoid and Paratyphoid fever) is an illness that presents with marked pyrexia, abdominal pain and other gastrointestinal symptoms. Symptoms and complications primarily involve gut. But sometimes it involves other organ systems like heart, and brain. It thus poses a great diagnostic challenge in diagnosing these extraintestinal manifestations. The three cases depicted in this case series had unusual presentations in the form of dilated cardiomyopathy, non haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) dyslipidaemia and encephalopathy. The first case is a case of reversible cardiomyopathy in a 26-year-old male presenting with fever for seven days with headache, loose motions and vomiting with audible S3 and bibasal crepitations without oedema. The patient responded to ceftriaxone and azithromycin. On echocardiography dilated cardiomyopathy was diagnosed after which treatment with ramipril and metoprolol was started. The second case was of a 30-year-old female presenting with fever, vomiting, and abdominal pain. There was hypertriglyceridaemia with normal ferritin levels. The patient responded to ceftriaxone. High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) level was low. Statin and fenofibrates were added after which the triglyceride levels came down. This was an interesting case of nonHLH dyslipidaemia which responded to therapy. The third case was of a 40-year-old female presenting with fever for six days with impairment of consciousness. Bilateral plantar responses were extensor and there was no papilledema or any cranial nerve palsy. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Brain and Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) study were normal. The patient responded to ceftriaxone and dexamethasone proving beneficial effects of steroids in enteric encephalopathy. The purpose of the case series was to make clinicians aware of these uncommon presentations of a common disease so that early diagnosis and treatment with Anti Salmonella antibiotics can be initiated quickly to prevent complications.
Pilot Study on the Knowledge and Attitude of Providing Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Phalga, Rivers State
Authors: Awajionye Renner Emmanuel , Oluwatosin O. Abimbola
Published: December 2022

Background: Sudden cardiac death is a principal cause of death for millions of people yearly worldwide. The survival chances of an out of cardiac arrest are significantly increased by the provision of prompt and effective bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 61 respondents in PHALGA. SPSS version 2.0 was used for the data analysis.

Results: Finding from the study provided evidence for a good test-retest reliability and an acceptable Cronbach alpha value.

Conclusion: The majority of the community members have poor knowledge of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and only a few of them have a positive attitude toward providing bystander CPR. The positive or negative attitude towards cardiopulmonary resuscitation is influenced by their knowledge on cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The study showed that the majority had a negative attitude toward administering cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Health education, dissemination of information, and community training on CPR are needed to improve knowledge and positive attitude toward bystander CPR administration.
Influence of Tapping Depth on Rubber Yield and Tapping Quality in Rubber Tree Plantations in Southeastern Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Francis Soumahin Eric , Olivier Atsin Guy Joël , David Yao Konan , Samuel Obouayeba , Justin Kouadio Yatty
Published: December 2022

Aims: Rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis Muell Arg.) is the main source of natural rubber. Its cultivation generates significant income for several companies and farmers around the world. However, its exploitation is threatened by the considerable drop in rubber yield which is due to the ignorance of tapping criteria in particular the optimal tapping depth. This study aims at improving rubber yield.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in agro-industrial plantations of rubber tree in southeastern Côte d'Ivoire from June 2020 to January 2021.

Methodology: The study took place in two phases: the first consisted in assessing the tapping depth of the plantations and the second in studying the influence of the different tapping depths on rubber yield and tapping quality. The first study was carried out with 347 tappers in 954 tapping tasks. The second study focused on 4 rubber tree clones (PB217, IRCA 41, IRCA 230 and IRCA18) belonging to the three metabolic activity classes. These clones were subjected to 4 treatments (T0: tapping to a depth of 0 to 1.5 mm; T1: tapping to a depth of 1 to 2 mm; T2: tapping to a depth of 1 to 1.5 mm, T3: tapping to a depth of 1.5 to 2 mm) in a completely randomized block design with 4 repetitions. This comparative study was carried out on the basis of yield and tapping quality parameters (bark consumption, wounds).

Results: The results of the first study showed that the average tapping depth of the plantations inspected is 1.44 mm in half-spiral downward tapping and 1.82 mm in a quarter-spiral upward tapping. The tapping depth is influenced by the height of the tapping panel and by the clone. The results of the second study showed that tapping depth influences rubber yield and tapping quality. Indeed, tapping to a depth between 1 and 1.5 mm from the cambium induces the most significant yields but causes poor tapping quality. In contrast, tapping to a depth between 1 and 2 mm from the cambium gives lower yields but makes it possible to show better tapping quality.

Conclusion: The tapping depth is influenced by the height of the tapping panel and by the clone. The tapping depth influences rubber yield and tapping quality.
Improving the Photosynthetic Efficiency and Productivity of Cowpea in Sub Saharan Africa: A Review
Authors: Alidu Sanatu Mustapha , Appiah Ebenezer Ayew
Published: December 2022

Recent studies have found compelling evidence that enhancing photosynthetic mechanisms through genetic engineering can increase crop yield potential. This paper focuses on cowpea productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa, its importance, factors limiting photosynthetic potential, and techniques towards boosting cowpea photosynthetic efficiency. High light intensity, low temperature, low CO2 environment, and water scarcity have all been identified as key limiting factors for crop photosynthetic efficiency. Deactivation of Rubisco functioning in shade has also been noted to reduce cowpea photosynthetic potential. However, recent successes have been observed through genetic manipulation of photosynthesis traits so as to improve photosynthetic efficiency and yield under control conditions with considerable increase in yield from 14 to 40%. Thus, improving photosynthesis has the potential to increase crop productivity.
PROSOCIAL BEHAVIOR IN THE EDUCATION SYSTEM FOR SOCIETAL WELL-BEING
Authors: M Sachu , P.J Dr. Lizy
Published: December 2022

School social workers play an invaluable and critical role in the educational settings that help students to become socially conscious as well as emotionally empowered humans. It is very important for our younger generations to grow up socially awakened and emotionally strong. The function of school social workers in educational systems is to successfully and methodically assist our kids down this road. School social workers provide activity-based programmes that improve our childrens academic performance and emotional wellbeing. In the whole process of social and psychological upbringing of the students, the contributions made by these school social workers are equally important to other socialization agents. The socialization process of a child, as well as the roles of parents, social workers, teachers, and school administration, shape a childs general social, mental, and emotional behaviour. The educational process contributes significantly to its advancement. This time has a significant impact on a childs personality, and hence all socialization agents contribute significantly to this endeavor. This necessitates an inclusive strategy that fosters social and moral growth in students. The most recent study interest in this area has positively affected social acceptability by thoroughly assessing school-based programmes and their effects on the social well-being of students. In the process of growing up strong and healthy in social and moral behavior, the role played by the association of school and social workers with other agents of socialization is inevitable. This conceptual research review paper analyses and interprets the importance and the role and relevance of school social workers in cultivating prosocial behaviour among schoolchildren. School social workers bring unique knowledge and assistance to the school system, and they are trained mental health professionals who can assist with prosocial behavioral support. In view of the collective suggestion states that young childrens prosocial behaviour makes important contributions to their long-term school adjustment, academic success, and overall wellbeing in society. The superlative mode of social work education endorses school social workers as a part of any schools objectives to foster the very harmonious and integral development of schoolchildren for the welfare of our humanity.
Preclinical evaluation of CDK4 phosphorylation predicts high sensitivity of pleural mesotheliomas to CDK4/6 inhibition
Authors: Paternot Sabine , Raspé Eric , Meiller Clément , Tarabichi Maxime , Assié Jean‐Baptiste , Libert Frederick , Remmelink Myriam , Bisteau Xavier , Pauwels Patrick , Blum Yuna , Le Stang Nolwenn , Tabone‐Eglinger Séverine , Galateau‐Sallé Françoise , Blanquart Christophe , Van Meerbeeck Jan P. , Berghmans Thierry , Jean Didier , Roger Pierre P.
Published: December 2022

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive cancer with limited therapeutic options. We evaluated the impact of CDK4/6 inhibition by palbociclib in 28 MPM cell lines including 19 patient‐derived ones, using various approaches including RNA‐sequencing. Palbociclib strongly and durably inhibited the proliferation of 23 cell lines, indicating a unique sensitivity of MPM to CDK4/6 inhibition. When observed, insensitivity to palbociclib was mostly explained by the lack of active T172‐phosphorylated CDK4. This was associated with high p16INK4A (CDKN2A) levels that accompany RB1 defects or inactivation, or (unexpectedly) CCNE1 overexpression in the presence of wild‐type RB1. Prolonged palbociclib treatment irreversibly inhibited proliferation despite re‐induction of cell cycle genes upon drug washout. A senescence‐associated secretory phenotype including various potentially immunogenic components was irreversibly induced. Phosphorylated CDK4 was detected in 80% of 47 MPMs indicating their sensitivity to CDK4/6 inhibitors. Its absence in some highly proliferative MPMs was linked to very high p16 (CDKN2A) expression, which was also observed in public datasets in tumours from short‐survival patients. Our study supports the evaluation of CDK4/6 inhibitors for MPM treatment, in monotherapy or combination therapy.
Application of failure mode and effects analysis to validate a novel hybrid Linac QC program that integrates automated and conventional QC testing
Authors: Pearson Michael , Butterworth Victoria , Misson‐Yates Sarah , Naeem Marium , Gonzalez Vaz Regina , Eaton David , Greener Tony
Published: December 2022

A hybrid quality control (QC) program was developed that integrates automated and conventional Linac QC, realizing the benefits of both automated and conventional QC, increasing efficiency and maintaining independent measurement methods. Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) was then applied in order to validate the program prior to clinical implementation. The hybrid QC program consists of automated QC with machine performance check and DailyQA3 array on the TrueBeam Linac, and Delta4 volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) standard plan measurements, alongside conventional monthly QC at a reduced frequency. The FMEA followed the method outlined in TG‐100. Process maps were created for each treatment type at our center: VMAT, stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), conformal, and palliative. Possible failure modes were established by evaluating each stage in the process map. The FMEA followed semiquantitative methods, using data from our QC records from eight Linacs over 3 years for the occurrence estimates, and simulation of failure modes in the treatment planning system, with scoring surveys for severity and detectability. The risk priority number (RPN) was calculated from the product of the occurrence, severity, and detectability scores and then normalized to the maximum and ranked to determine the most critical failure modes. The highest normalized RPN values (100, 90) were found to be for MLC position dynamic for both VMAT and SBRT treatments. The next highest score was 35 for beam position for SBRT, and the majority of scores were less than 20. Overall, these RPN scores for the hybrid Linac QC program indicated that it would be acceptable, but the high RPN score associated with the dynamic MLC failure mode indicates that it would be valuable to perform more rigorous testing of the MLC. The FMEA proved to be a useful tool in validating hybrid QC.
Intrinsic Interfacial Dynamic Engineering of Zincophilic Microbrushes via Regulating Zn Deposition for Highly Reversible Aqueous Zinc Ion Battery
Authors: Huang Tieqi , Xu Kui , Jia Ning , Yang Lan , Liu Hongtao , Zhu Jixin , Yan Qingyu
Published: December 2022

Aqueous rechargeable zinc ion batteries are promising efficient energy storage systems due to remarkable safety and satisfactory capacity. However, zinc metal anode instability including dendrite growth and side reactions severely hinders widespread applications. Herein, zincophilic microbrushes have been in situ anchored on zinc plates through simple freeze‐drying and mild reduction of graphene oxide, successfully overcoming these thorny issues. By introducing suitable oxygen‐containing groups, the microbrushes exhibit a good affinity for zinc ions, thereby providing sufficient depositing sites, promoting zinc plating and stripping during cycling, and suppressing side reactions. The delicate zincophilic microbrushes can not only function as protective layer to guide the deposition of zinc ions, but also act as high‐speed pathways to redistribute the zinc ion flux for rapid kinetics. Consequently, the microbrushes‐covered zinc anode displays long lifespan and good durability, whenever in symmetric cell or full battery tests. This work paves a feasible bridge to design advanced aqueous anodes by architecting both structures and compositions of metal coverings.
Fast, Multi‐Bit, and Vis‐Infrared Broadband Nonvolatile Optoelectronic Memory with MoS2/2D‐Perovskite Van der Waals Heterojunction
Authors: Lai Haojie , Lu Zhengli , Lu Yueheng , Yao Xuanchun , Xu Xin , Chen Jian , Zhou Yang , Liu Pengyi , Shi Tingting , Wang Xiaomu , Xie Weiguang
Published: December 2022

Nonvolatile optoelectronic memory (NVOM) integrating the functions of optical sensing and long‐term memory can efficiently process and store a large amount of visual scene information, which has become the core requirement of multiple intelligence scenarios. However, realizing NVOM with vis‐infrared broadband response is still challenging. Herein, the room temperature vis‐infrared broadband NVOM based on few‐layer MoS2/2D Ruddlesden–Popper perovskite (2D‐RPP) van der Waals heterojunction is realized. It is found that the 2D‐RPP converts the initial n‐type MoS2 into p‐type and facilitates hole transfer between them. Furthermore, the 2D‐RPP rich in interband states serves as an effective electron trapping layer as well as broadband photoresponsive layer. As a result, the dielectric‐free MoS2/2D‐RPP heterojunction enables the charge to transfer quickly under external field, which enables a large memory window (104 V), fast write speed of 20 µs, and optical programmable characteristics from visible light (405 nm) to telecommunication wavelengths (i.e., 1550 nm) at room temperature. Trapezoidal optical programming can produce up to 100 recognizable states (>6 bits), with operating energy as low as 5.1 pJ per optical program. These results provide a route to realize fast, low power, multi‐bit optoelectronic memory from visible to the infrared wavelength.
Ti3C2Tx MXene‐Based Superhydrophobic Broadband Terahertz Absorber with Large Pore‐Size Foam Architecture
Authors: Luo Min , Guo Junchang , Shui Wenchao , Tan Yao , Huang Haoming , Yang Qinghui , Zhang Huaiwu , Deng Xu , Wen Qi‐Ye
Published: December 2022

Porous polymer‐based Terahertz (THz) absorbers possess strong absorption with broadband, lightweight, and flexible features. Thus these are widely desired in THz electromagnetic shielding, radar‐cross‐section reduction, radiometer calibration, etc. However, the harsh environment of humidity, corrosiveness, and dustiness undermines the performance and service lifetime of the porous absorbers. Here, based on Ti3C2Tx MXene sponge composite foam (MSF), a superhydrophobic broadband THz absorber on a large pore‐size porous architecture by a joint hydrophobic strategy is realized. Results show that the apparent contact angles and roll‐off angles of the modified MSF reached 159.0° and 7.6°, while maintaining an ultra‐high absorption rate of 99.6% in the frequency range of 0.3–1.2 THz. Furthermore, the special Micro‐Nano hierarchical structures render the absorber a strong bounce‐off ability to the droplets of an aqueous solution. These water‐repellent properties endow the absorber the versatility of self‐cleaning and anti‐corrosion, thus can be widely applied in many scenarios including THz remote sensing, communication, and security screening as well.
An Environmental‐Inert and Highly Self‐Healable Elastomer Obtained via Double‐Terminal Aromatic Disulfide Design and Zwitterionic Crosslinked Network for Use as a Triboelectric Nanogenerator
Authors: Chou Syun‐Hong , Lu Hong‐Wei , Liu Ta‐Chung , Chen Yi‐Ting , Fu Yen‐Lin , Shieh Yung‐Hsin , Lai Ying‐Chih , Chen San‐Yuan
Published: December 2022

Due to the ongoing development of portable/mobile electronics, sources to power have received widespread attention. Compared to chemical batteries as power sources, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) possess lots of advantages, including the ability to harvest energy via human motions, flexible structures, environment‐friendliness, and long‐life characteristics. Although many self‐healable TENGs are reported, the achievement of a muscle‐like elasticity and the ability to recover from inevitable damage under extreme conditions (such as a high/low temperature and/or humidity) remain a challenge. Herein, a “double‐terminal aromatic disulfide” on a structure with zwitterions as branched chains is reported to engineer the high‐efficient self‐healable elastomer for application in a flexible TENG. The as‐designed material exhibits a repeatable elastic recovery (at 250% elongation) and a self‐healing efficiency with an ultimate tensile stress of 96% over 2 h, representing an improvement on previously reported disulfide‐based elastomers. The elastomer can autonomously recover by 50% even at a subzero temperature of −30 °C within 24 h. The elastomer‐based TENG, as a self‐driven sensor for detecting human behavior, is demonstrated to exhibit stable outputs and self‐healing in the temperature range of −30 to 60 °C, and so is expected to promote the development of self‐powered electronics for next‐generation human–machine communications.
Deterministic Single Cell Encapsulation in Asymmetric Microenvironments to Direct Cell Polarity
Authors: Cho Ik Sung , Gupta Prerak , Mostafazadeh Nima , Wong Sing Wan , Saichellappa Saiumamaheswari , Lenzini Stephen , Peng Zhangli , Shin Jae‐Won
Published: December 2022

Various signals in tissue microenvironments are often unevenly distributed around cells. Cellular responses to asymmetric cell‐matrix adhesion in a 3D space remain generally unclear and are to be studied at the single‐cell resolution. Here, the authors developed a droplet‐based microfluidic approach to manufacture a pure population of single cells in a microscale layer of compartmentalized 3D hydrogel matrices with a tunable spatial presentation of ligands at the subcellular level. Cells elongate with an asymmetric presentation of the integrin adhesion ligand Arg‐Gly‐Asp (RGD), while cells expand isotropically with a symmetric presentation of RGD. Membrane tension is higher on the side of single cells interacting with RGD than on the side without RGD. Finite element analysis shows that a non‐uniform isotropic cell volume expansion model is sufficient to recapitulate the experimental results. At a longer timescale, asymmetric ligand presentation commits mesenchymal stem cells to the osteogenic lineage. Cdc42 is an essential mediator of cell polarization and lineage specification in response to asymmetric cell‐matrix adhesion. This study highlights the utility of precisely controlling 3D ligand presentation around single cells to direct cell polarity for regenerative engineering and medicine.
Discrepancy between the crop yield goal rate and the optimum nitrogen rates for maize production in Mississippi
Authors: Oglesby Camden , Dhillon Jagmandeep , Fox Amelia , Singh Gurbir , Ferguson Connor , Li Xiaofei , Kumar Ramandeep , Dew James , Varco Jac
Published: December 2022

The varying influence of the environment on N supply and demand dictates the need for annually updated fertilizer N recommendations. Currently, crop yield goal (CYG) methods are used by 34 land grant universities, including Mississippi State University, these do not consider environmental variations. This research tested the efficacy of CYG by determining the agronomic optimum N rate (AONR) and the economic optimum N rate for Mississippi corn (Zea mays L.) production. In total, 12 treatments in 2020 and 11 in 2021 were replicated four times over four locations in a randomized complete block design. The optimum N rates were calculated by fitting linear, quadratic, linear plateau, and quadratic plateau models by means of three different goodness of fit measures. Furthermore, differences between the CYG rate calculated from the Mississippi yield goal equation and AONR were compared at different management levels (14 comparisons) (all data combined, both years combined, sites combined by year, and individual sites). Overall, AONR varied from 134  to 301 kg N ha–1 at different management levels. When we compared the AONR to the CYG rate, the CYG rate over‐recommended N in 12 of the 14 possible comparisons, with differences ranging from 69 kg N ha–1 less to 110 kg N ha–1 greater than the AONR. These differences between AONR values highlight variability caused by factors such as the soil, environment, and their interaction with N supply and demand, which are unaccounted for by the CYG method.
Copper‐Catalyzed Regio‐ and Diastereoselective Borylacylation ofα,β‐Unsaturated Esters
Authors: Nishino Soshi , Hirano Koji
Published: December 2022

A copper‐catalyzed regio‐ and diastereoselective borylacylation ofα,β‐unsaturated esters with B2pin2and acyl fluorides has been developed to afford theβ’‐boryl‐β‐ketoesters with highanti‐diastereoselectivity (up to >99 : 1). Additionally, the borylcarbamoylation is possible by using isocyanates as electrophiles instead of acyl fluorides. Moreover, the enantioselective borylacylation and borylcarbamoylation are also achieved by judicious choice of a chiral phosphoramidite‐ligated copper complex.
Evaluation of direct intramural injection to the bladder wall as a method for developing orthotopic tumor models
Authors: Bitaraf Masoud , Muhammadnejad Samad , Azimzadeh Ashkan , Tanourlouee Saman Behboodi , Amini Erfan , Zolbin Masoumeh Majidi , Kajbafzadeh Abdol‐Mohammad
Published: December 2022

Background

Bladder cancer poses a great burden on society and its high rate of recurrence and treatment failure necessitates use of appropriate animal models to study its pathogenesis and test novel treatments. Orthotopic models are superior to other types since they provide a normal microenvironment. Four methods are described for developing bladder cancer models inside the animal's bladder. Direct intramural injection is one of these methods and is widely used. However, its efficacy in model development has not yet been studied. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and success rate of the direct intramural injection method of developing an orthotopic model for the study of bladder cancer.

Method

Tumor cell lines were prepared in four microtubes. Aliquots of 200 × 103 cells were injected through a 27 gauge needle into the ventral wall of the bladders of 4 male and 4 female BALB/c mice following a midline 1 cm laparotomy incision. In addition, 1 million cells from each microtube were injected into the flanks of control mice. To prevent infection and alleviate pain, 5 mg/kg enrofloxacin and 2.5 mg/kg flunixin meglumine, respectively, were injected subcutaneously.

Results

Tumors formed in all mice, resulting in 100% take rate and zero post‐operation mortality. Surgery time was ≤15 min per mouse. In two mice, tumors were found in the peritoneal space as well.

Conclusion

Direct intramural injection is a rapid, reliable, and reproducible method for developing orthotopic models of bladder cancer. It can be done on both male and female mice and only requires readily available surgical tools. However, needle track can result in cell spillage and peritoneal tumors.
Wisdom from words: The psychology of consumer language
Authors: Berger Jonah , Packard Grant
Published: December 2022

Language plays a fundamental role in every aspect of life. But only recently has research begun to understand the role of language in consumer behavior. This paper offers an integrative discussion of research on the language of consumer psychology. We review some of the main areas of inquiry and discuss some key methodological approaches (e.g., automated textual analysis) that have been crucial to the area's development. Further, we outline some broad issues and opportunities in the space and highlight potential directions for future research. We hope to encourage more consumer psychologists to consider the great potential in producing new conceptual and substantive wisdom from words.
Omics combined with network pharmacology reveal the neuroprotective mechanism of Sophora tonkinensis based on the biolabel research pattern: The treatment of Parkinson’s disease against oxidative stress and neuroexcitatory toxicity
Authors: Zhang Shuai‐nan , Li Hong‐mei , Liu Qi , Li Xu‐zhao , Yang Wu‐de , Zhou Ying
Published: December 2022

Based on the biolabel research pattern, omics and network pharmacology were used for exploring the neuroprotection of Sophora tonkinensis (ST) in the treatment of brain diseases. Multi‐omics were applied to investigate biolabels for ST intervention in brain tissue. Based on biolabels, the therapeutic potential, mechanism and material basis of ST for treating brain diseases were topologically analyzed by network pharmacology. A Parkinson’s disease (PD) mouse model was used to validate biolabel analysis results. Four proteins and three metabolites were involved in two key pathways (alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism and arginine biosynthesis) and considered as biolabels. Network pharmacology showed that ST has the potential to treat some brain diseases, especially PD. Eight compounds (including caffeic acid, gallic acid and cinnamic acid) may serve as the material basis of ST treating brain diseases via the mediation of three biolabels. In the PD model, ST and its active compounds (caffeic acid and gallic acid) may protect dopaminergic neurons (maximum recovery rate for dopamine, 49.5%) from oxidative stress (E3 ubiquitin‐protein ligase parkin, reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, etc.) and neuroexcitatory toxicity (glutamate dehydrogenase, glutamine, glutamic acid, etc.). These findings indicated that omics and network pharmacology may contribute to the achievement of the objectives of this study based on the biolabel research pattern.
Assessing symptom exaggeration of psychopathology in incarcerated individuals and mentally ill offenders within forensic contexts
Authors: Arin Natthawut , Mengchuay Jiraporn
Published: December 2022

In forensic contexts, there is a high probability that offenders may exaggerate illness to avoid legal punishment. Since very few empirical studies presently exist on this matter in Thailand, the objectives are to explore the prevalence rate of the exaggeration of psychopathological symptoms and to examine the detection strategy response styles for Thai version of the Symptom validity test (SVT‐Th). An analysis of the factors that influence symptom exaggeration would also be included. Mixed participants included 608 individuals consisting of 528 Incarcerated individuals and 80 Mentally Ill Offenders (MIOs). SVT‐Th indicated the prevalence rates of feigned psychopathology among overall offenders were 8.88%, 3.20% for incarcerated individuals, and 46.30% for MIOs. As expected, the endorsed average scores of the psychopathological symptoms using the Amplifier and Unlikely response style were recorded at similar amounts. Offenders with a history of mental illness exaggerated their symptoms to a greater degree than those without a history of mental illness. With regard to the type of crime and the number of offenses, no discrepancies of statistical significance were found. Interestingly, offenders who committed violent crimes, and with more than four times the number of offenses, were more likely to exaggerate their symptoms than the other subjects.
Layer‐by‐layer interleukin‐12 nanoparticles drive a safe and effective response in ovarian tumors
Authors: Barberio Antonio E. , Smith Sean G. , Pires Ivan S. , Iyer Sonia , Reinhardt Ferenc , Melo Mariane B. , Suh Heikyung , Weinberg Robert A. , Irvine Darrell J. , Hammond Paula T.
Published: December 2022

Ovarian cancer is especially deadly, challenging to treat, and has proven refractory to known immunotherapies. Cytokine therapy is an attractive strategy to drive a proinflammatory immune response in immunologically cold tumors such as many high grade ovarian cancers; however, this strategy has been limited in the past due to severe toxicity. We previously demonstrated the use of a layer‐by‐layer (LbL) nanoparticle (NP) delivery vehicle in subcutaneous flank tumors to reduce the toxicity of interleukin‐12 (IL‐12) therapy upon intratumoral injection. However, ovarian cancer cannot be treated by local injection as it presents as dispersed metastases. Herein, we demonstrate the use of systemically delivered LbL NPs using a cancer cell membrane‐binding outer layer to effectively target and engage the adaptive immune system as a treatment in multiple orthotopic ovarian tumor models, including immunologically cold tumors. IL‐12 therapy from systemically delivered LbL NPs shows reduced severe toxicity and maintained anti‐tumor efficacy compared to carrier‐free IL‐12 or layer‐free liposomal NPs leading to a 30% complete survival rate.