bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Presence of Pesticide Residues in Select Commodities in Albanian Market
Authors: Mai Sofiana , Ninga Ederina , Mukaj Mimoza , Cara Magdalena
Published: February 2019

Widespread use of pesticides is linked to the development of agriculture in our country; however, the usage of this toxic compound must be controlled. The purpose of this study is to investigate pesticide residues in grape and lettuce samples from the Albanian market. From March to October 2017, we randomly collected 44 grapes and 34 lettuce samples from some region in Albania such as Tirana, Durres, Fier, Lushnje, Elbasan and Vlora. The collected sample underwent pesticide residue analysis, and pesticide extraction which was performed using ethyl acetate. Instrumental analysis was carried out in GC/MS Triple Quadrupole in multiple reactions monitoring mode. Products such as vegetables and fruits, available in our markets should be safe and controlled to limit potential risk to public health. In this study we concluded that no lettuce samples exceed the maximum residues level values for some pesticides, 19% of grape samples resulted above the MRL, and Chlorpyrifos is the most active substance found more than 0.05 mg kg-1
Analysis of Halogenated Compounds in Fish Samples
Authors: Ninga Ederina , Beli Elvira , Shahu Elona , Boci Ilirjana
Published: February 2019

The paper reports investigation on the presence of 13 halogenated compounds (six chlorinated compounds, nd-like PCBs and seven brominated compounds, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)), in five marine species which are part on Albanian consumer diet. The samples were extracted with ethyl acetate and treated with sulfuric acid. Extract was analyzed simultaneously using gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Presence of PCBs was confirmed at1.4 percent of the samples. The most dominated congener found to be present were PCB 153 and PCB 138. Form the brominated compounds 2,2′,4,4′-tetra-bromodiphenyl ether was the only detected compound in 3 samples.
Development of a Genetic Algorithm Optimization Model for Biogas Power Electrical Generation
Authors: Araoye Timothy Oluwaseun , Mgbachi C. A. , Omosebi Olushola Adebiyi , Ajayi Oluwaseun Damilola , Olaniyan Adeleye Qasim
Published: February 2019

Biogas power generation is renewable energy made from biological materials. Biogas power production is technology which helps in development of sustainable energy supply systems. This paper develops Genetic Algorithm optimization model for Biogas electrical power generation of Ilora in Oyo, Oyo state. The production is done using co-digestion system of pig dung and Poultry dung under the process of anaerobic digestion. The pig dung and poultry dung were mixed 50:50%. MATLAB and VISUAL BASIC Software was used to carry out simulations to develop optimized Genetic Algorithm model for Biogas power production with aims to improving electricity accessibility and durability of the community. The results of the research reveal the Empirical Biogas power production without and with Genetic Algorithm optimization. The Result showed that biogas electrical power generated without and with Genetic Algorithm Optimization were 5KW and 11.18KW respectively. The biogas power generation was increased by 6.18KW, which is 38.2% increase after Genetic Algorithm optimization. The results show the application of the Genetic Algorithm optimization model which can be used to improving Biogas power generation when amount of methane gas produced from the animal dung varies with speed of thermal rotating shaft.
REINTERPRETASI MANTRA DALAM INSKRIPSI PENDEK CANDI SANGGAR
Authors: Agusta Rendra
Published: February 2019

The relation between archeology and philology studies is related to studies of relief and epigraphy. In the construction of the temple, it is usually followed by the carving of Javanese literary stories in the relief of temples in Java. During the period of Majapahit's political decline, there was an increase in the number of shrines in the mountains of Java. The end of Majapahit's power became an important time frame as a marker of the cultural transformations. This study will present a re-reading of inscriptions at Candi Sanggar, a temple located on the slopes of Mount Bromo. The approach used in this research is Philoarchaeology. An archaeological perspective on artifacts and manuscripts. This research attempts to treat, describe, and interpret as text that reflects the supporting culture. Previous research, short inscriptions of Candi Sanggar only places as letters and languages. It is certainly open to other readings, putting its inscription as an arrangement of numbers or symbols. A less comprehensive study would lead to misinterpretation. So this paper places Candi Sanggar's short inscriptions in interpretation by considering philological studies, mainly on Budamtexts. This papper considers the paleographic study by aligning the Sanggar Temple inscriptions with the Merapi-Merbabu collection texts. The results of this study revealed that the short inscriptions at Sanggar Temple could be compared to the rules of Sengkalan Dihyang. The conclusions of Candi Sanggar inscriptions are Sengkalan Dihyang which reads 75 (1,3), 55 (3,5), 67 (3,3), 57 (3,2). Keywords: Sanggar Temple, Bromo, Paleografi, Merapi Merbabu, Sakala Dihyang.
Multigroup analysis in the context of multilevel analysis to judge if a referent-shift model is needed for measurement of composition emergence
Authors: Ahn Jungwon , Lee Soonmook , Jung Hyunjoo , Lee Hoeyeong
Published: February 2019

This study demonstrates how a multigroup analysis approach is used in the analysis of multilevel data to judge if a referent-shift consensus model is needed to measure a compositional property. A compositional property in multilevel context means that the forms of emergence from individual levels to group levels are isomorphic as individuals interact, communicate perspectives, and iteratively construct a common interpretation, so that all individuals in the collective are similar. The measurement principle for conceptualization of multilevel compositional properties is to use a referent-shift consensus model proposed by Chan(1998). However, if the researcher wants to use the samel construct in individual levels as well as in group levels, she needs to administer the same items to the same individuals again with a change of reference from “group” to “ individual”. It sounds bothersome and creates difficulties in reality. For that reason, researchers often collect data from individuals using self-referenced items, aggregate, and then use the aggregate scores as measures of group level variables. However in these cases, measurement invariance is tacitly assumed across the individual and group levels. We pointed out the problems of this unjustified assumption in analyses of multilevel data, and presented an analytic procedure to test the assumption using multigroup analysis framework. In sum, if measurement invariance across levels is established, researchers can use either a self-referent or a referent-shift data at individual levels and aggregate data at group levels without dual measurement. Moreover, in such a case, using a referent-shift data(‘we’ data) is more appropriate in light of construct validity because of its higher possibility to reveal group effects. If the measurement invariance across levels is not supported, researchers should collect data separately for individual level variables with a self-reference items and for group level variables with group-referenced items.
The effects of mild task conflict and relationship conflict on psychological safety and team effectiveness
Authors: Oh Sunyoung , Kim Youngshik , Kim InHye
Published: February 2019

The present research examined the possibility that mild task conflict and relationship conflict can serve as antecedents of psychological safety climate of newly formed teams and in turn influence team effectiveness in creative performance. Specifically, we suggest that mild task conflict is positively related to psychological safety, while relationship conflict is negatively related. Furthermore, psychological safety would mediate the relationships of mild task conflict and relationship conflict to creative team performance and team attachment. This proposed model was tested using a sample of 194 participants in a total of 35 teams surveyed at 2 time periods over about 4 months. The data analysis provides evidence to support our proposed model. The results indicate that mild task conflict and relationship conflict are critical team processes to influence emergence of team psychological safety climate which promotes team effectiveness in creative task performance. Finally, theoretical and practical implications, limitation and suggestion for future research are discussed.
Submarine Autopilot Performance Optimization with System Identification
Authors: Belanger F , Millan D , Cyril X
Published: February 2019

Computer simulation models play a vital role in the assessment of a ship’s autopilot design. A well-tuned autopilot will contribute to reducing rudder activity, thereby minimizing wear on the actuation plant and also generally reducing fuel consumption. The equations that describe the ship motion dynamics contain a large number of hydrodynamic coefficients that must be calculated as accurately as possible to justify the use of a simulation model and its relevance to predicting the ship manoeuvring characteristics. Proper prediction of the ship performance is an essential pre-requisite in the process of tuning the autopilot. The hydrodynamic coefficients can be calculated by using theoretical methods or by carrying out experiments on the actual ship or on a scaled model of the ship. System Identification (SI) is an experiment-based approach and in this paper the authors present an algorithm that can estimate the coefficients with great accuracy. These coefficients can classically be obtained in a towing tank using a captive model, and with a planar motion mechanism and a rotating arm. Generally, these systems are costly and entail expensive trials programs, and SI methods have been developed in an effort to obviate some of those problems and limitations. They typically process ship manoeuvring data obtained from a free-running scaled model or full-scale trials. While similar to a surface ship, the motion dynamics of a submarine introduce additional challenges for SI methods. This is because the submarine manoeuvres in “three dimensions”, which adds complexity and more hydrodynamic coefficients to the equations. The standard submarine simulation model, also referred to as the Gertler and Hagen equations, incorporates over 120 coefficients. To calculated these coefficients, the SI algorithm uses a Square-Root Unscented Kalman filter (SR-UKF). One of its appealing features is that it calculates all the coefficients by processing data from a single submarine manoeuvre that has a repeating sinusoidal pattern in both depth and course. The manoeuvre can be performed in a towing tank by a free-running scaled model of the submarine, or it can be performed at sea on the full-scale submarine as part of the sea trials schedule.
Lessons learnt from IEC61508 software assessments
Authors: Campbell R H , Phillips R M , Allsopp C
Published: February 2019

With the advances in platform automation and the publication of NAN 06/2018 - Software integrity (previously NAN 02/2016), there has been a drive towards compliance to IEC61508 in the naval domain.  Over the last few years Frazer-Nash have conducted a number of Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) audits and assessments to determine whether the requirements for safety critical software development in IEC61508 have been followed for a specific system or if a supplier's development processes are in line with the aspects of the standard which focus on software development, namely Part 3 - Software requirements.  These audits have revealed some common problems across suppliers and highlighted that IEC61508 requires both organisational safety management processes as well as those specific for a system. As the naval industry looks to adopt the processes outlined in IEC61508 or an equivalent standard, this paper will present some of the lessons learnt from our IEC61508 assessments and offer some advice for new and existing suppliers.  The paper will highlight some of the issues going forward as the development of safety critical systems is not a new concept but the specific factors arising in the naval domain from operating in variable environments, changing safe state conditions and ever increasing function complexity, present a key challenge. Included in the paper will be a view on how other industries are tackling IEC61508 compliance and where the strategies that have been adopted may be applicable in the naval domain as well as new tools which could assist with the development of safety critical systems.
Three laws good: Technology is a dangerous master
Authors: Cook M J , Simpson T , Garrett D , Thody M
Published: February 2019

A philosophy of technology use has developed in many safety-critical industries that is based upon the view that human operators are feckless and unreliable system operators, so wherever possible should not be trusted to execute safety-critical tasks.  The implicit view of automation is that it invariably improves system performance and increases reliability. After many decades or even centuries of machine and automation development human error remains one of the dominant features in failures of modern systems. The drive towards introducing automation has claimed a larger performance envelope, lower operating costs with fewer people, less risk of hazard realisation, and a more economical path in development. One of the aims of introducing automation is to introduce higher reliability in the belief that this implicitly brings with it increases in safety. As Leveson (2011) points out high reliability can be misleading because interactions between elements that are working as expected may trigger the system failure because of transverse consequences. The propagation of the view that human operators are the weakest operational link and the pervasive myths about the reliability of automated solutions, which affords automation the easier scenarios of task execution, need to be re-visited (Cook, Thody and Garrett, 2017). This should ensure that the best capability and optimal safety case is developed for future systems based upon operator and system in synergy. This may be especially true if the claims for automation are treated more aggressively in terms of liability.
Shipping Safety into the Naval Industry
Authors: Labonté Jones A , Lerigo-Smith N
Published: February 2019

Safety engineering and legislation (IEC-61508, 61511 etc.) has been entrenched in many industries (OandG, process) for years. Although regulation has been progressed by Lloyd’s Register, the Marine industry has been inherently slower to accept and adopt functional safety practices employing quantitative analysis. As in other industries, a review of legislation would usually be kick started by a large-scale accident. With an aim to reducing manning costs, marine vessels are now developed with increasing amounts of automation in their control systems. Incidents resulting from failures of these systems are becoming more frequent due to either poor safety considerations when designing the systems, or operators not understanding interactions with the automated systems. Preferably, before incidents increase in frequency or severity, engineered safety using inherent safety controls will become a more important factor in the Marine sector. Opposition to functional safety has primarily been due to cost and scheduling purposes. Businesses have to be profitable to survive, and Safety Engineering can be viewed as introducing programme delays and unnecessary costs. In reality, other safety related programmes have demonstrated the benefits of following safety related development programme. As in most instances of programme delay, poor initial requirements capture causes late changes to be incorporated to products, resulting in escalating delays and costs. If safety is engaged early in the product lifecycle, then programme delays and unnecessary safety risk can be reduced and managed effectively throughout the lifetime of the ship. In all projects, there can be conflicts between safety and security design, but early integration of safety will allow you to balance safe, secure and reliable operation, ultimately improving the quality of your end product. Major savings can be made by reducing maintenance on systems that have been proven to have lower integrity due to quantitative analysis and proof testing – provided it has been demonstrated to be As Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP). If your company does not embrace safety integrity within its culture, you can run the risk of losing credibility, a competitive edge within the marketplace and incur expensive damage to reputation. In conclusion, the manufacturer and end user will incur far higher costs of redesign if changes are needed for safety when the product has reached post-development. If left unchanged, consider the following: If a designed system fails and causes an incident, will the company reputation be tarnished and product orders halt? Remember: If somebody is injured or dies in an accident, any company individual can be found liable and prosecuted.
A random sampling based algorithm for ship path planning with obstacles
Authors: Zaccone R , Martelli M
Published: February 2019

The paper presents a path planning algorithm for ship guidance in presence of obstacles, based on an ad hoc modified version of the Rapidly-exploring Random Tree (RRT*) algorithm. The proposed approach is designed to be part of a decision support system for the bridge operators, in order to enhance traditional navigation. Focusing on the maritime field, a review of the scientific literature dealing with motion planning is presented, showing potential benefits and weaknesses of the different approaches. Among the several methods, details on RRT and RRT* algorithms are given. The ship path planning problem is introduced and discussed, formulating suitable cost functions and taking into account both topological and kinematic constraints. Eventually, an existing time domain ship simulator is used to test the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm over a number of realistic operation scenarios. The obtained results are presented and critically discussed.
Manoeuvring Automation towards Autonomous Shipping
Authors: Schubert A U , Kurowski M , Gluch M , Simanski O , Jeinsch T
Published: February 2019

The German joint project GALILEOnautic aims to develop systems for autonomous navigation and optimised manoeuvring of vessels cooperating in areas with high safety and efficiency requirements, such as harbours or narrow waterways. In the conception of this project, the SAE levels of the automotive industry were applied for classification of intended levels in automation of already being used manoeuvring vessels. It fairly soon became apparent that the conditions in development of new autonomous road vehicles and the appropriate infrastructure are significantly different in comparison to adaption of navigation and manoeuvring of watercrafts which are part of a complex transport network. Therefor and in relation to the few orientating guidelines addressing autonomous maritime applications, a specific concept for manoeuvring automation in high safety areas was developed. It defines the automation levels towards autonomous shipping considering the current practice and the technical equipment on such vessels, the legal framework for automatic shipping as well as the requirements for integrating automatic manoeuvring in the traditional shipping traffic. The contribution introduces this automation concept and the necessary infrastructure for each level. Additionally, the results of the first project phase are presented. It implies the essential sensor equipment and subsequent data fusion to describe completely the dynamic ship motion and to recognise the close surrounding of the vessel. A hybrid control scheme is applied including feedforward and feedback modules. The control approach is illustrated by interfered encounter situations in ship handling simulator and for unmanned surface vehicles. The paper gives a prospect on the future investigations for higher manoeuvre automation.
Sequence Based Control for Electro-thermal Management of Next Generation Integrated Power Systems
Authors: Vu T V , Diaz F , Edrington C S
Published: February 2019

An individual switching technique for semi-conductor components of power converters presents an individual electrical and thermal output performance. Therefore, understanding the switching patterns or sequence and their effect can significantly improve the overall performance of the power converters. In this paper, a sequence based control methodology for a power converter system to optimize its electrical and thermal performance will be presented, analysed, and discussed. The method includes modelling the converter system with respect to a sequence of switching events, defining and formulating the control objectives into a form of a cost function, and solving the cost function for the optimal electrical performance.
Exergy Analysis of Ship Power Systems
Authors: Parker G G , Trinklein E H , Robinett III R D , McCoy T J
Published: February 2019

Ship subsystems and mission modules perform energy conversion during their operation resulting in a combination of electricity consumption, heat generation and mechanical work. These multi-physics subsystems often have opportunities for performing an energy storage role during their operation cycle. The kinetic energy stored in the rotating mass of a generator set or the electrical energy stored in a railgun pulse forming network are but two examples of energy storage aboard warships. Treating each subsystem as a disconnected entity reduces the potential for exploiting their inherent interactions and results in over-designed shipboard systems with excessive weight and volume. Exergy - the amount of energy available for performing useful work - provides a path for exploiting multi-physics energy flows. Utilizing the Second Law of Thermodynamics, by modeling and minimizing exergy destruction, a recent study, showed that exergy control increased the overall efficiency by 18% over traditional optimization techniques when applied to a terrestrial HVAC application. In this paper a notional, multi-physics ship power system is developed that explicitly captures the exergy flows. Particular attention is given to exergy destruction phenomena. Simulation of the system illustrates operational characteristics with greatest impact on exergy destruction highlighting areas for applying optimal, exergy-based control schemes. This approach will allow ship designers to minimize the size and weight of installed power generation, energy storage and thermal management systems, enabling the affordable implementation of advanced weapons and sensors.
Nuestra Madre sufre y llora. Violencia intrafamiliar y Buen Vivir desde la relación con el maíz en una comunidad nahua de Guerrero, México
Authors: Raby Dominique
Published: February 2019

La violencia intrafamiliar es una problemática de primera importancia para las mujeres indígenas en México. Las mujeres indígenas organizadas buscan promover la equidad de género en el respeto de su cultura, a pesar de costumbres y tradiciones permeadas por la jerarquía de género. Este artículo aporta elementos de reflexión a partir del análisis de la relación con el maíz en una comunidad nahua de Guerrero, México. Basándose en tres relatos tradicionales, muestra cómo el maíz, considerado como sujeto femenino de la Casa (en el sentido levistraussiano), encarna valores fundamentales de no violencia hacia las mujeres. Como el maíz forma tradicionalmente el núcleo de la vida económica y familiar, su “valor diferencial” (en el sentido de Héritier) sumamente positivo tiene un potencial transformativo interesante para pensar la lucha contra la violencia de género. Este poten-cial se analiza a través de conceptos indígenas como la complementariedad y el Buen Vivir, y con una atención particular a la voz de las mujeres.
Análisis del conflicto y de la violencia en Cherán, Michoacán
Authors: Gasparello Giovanna
Published: February 2019

En el municipio de Cherán, Mich., el año 2011 es recordado por la movilización social que enfrentó al crimen organizado, detuvo la tala criminal de madera e impulsó la transformación del gobierno local. En este texto describo los principales aspectos y las causas del conflicto que involucra a la sociedad de Cherán y las distintas violencias (criminal, agraria y política) en las que desembocó tal conflicto. Basándome en los modelos para el análisis de la violencia y del conflicto propuestos por Galtung (2003) y Lederach (2009), analizo el epicentro y el conflicto de fondo, arraigado en la desigualdad que profundiza la fractura interna a la sociedad local.
Una historia de migrantes empresarios en México. 1940-1960
Authors: Arias Patricia
Published: February 2019

En los últimos años se ha desarrollado una línea de investigación sobre los empresarios de pequeña escala en negocios establecidos por diferentes colectivos de migrantes en Estados Unidos y Europa. En esta línea de discusión, los ejemplos presentados en este artículo dan cuenta de que también en México hubo migrantes internos que iniciaron giros y negocios de pequeña escala que resultaron exitosos.
Paula López Caballero y Ariadna Acevedo-Rodrigo, eds. Beyond Alterity: Destabilizing the Indigenous Other in Mexico. Tucson:The University of Arizona Press, 2018, 312 p. ISBN-13: 978-0-8165-3546-0
Authors: Piña Ulices
Published: February 2019

El 1 julio de 2018, el presidente electo Andrés Manuel López Obrador declaró en su discurso de aceptación que: “Escucharemos a todos, atenderemos a todos, respetaremos a todos, pero daremos preferencia a los más humildes y olvidados; en especial, a los pueblos indígenas de México. Por el bien de todos, primero los pobres”. Sin negar la buena voluntad del presidente electo ni la necesidad de que tales medidas realmente se implementen, precisamente, este tropo sigue dominando las narrativas sobre los pueblos indígenas; es decir, sólo pueden estar definidos en relación con su alteridad.
An incremental fuzzy algorithm for data clustering problems
Authors: NASİBOV Elvin , ORDİN Burak
Published: February 2019

Data Cluster analysis is an important part of data mining. It can be handled as two types, hard and soft clustering. In hard clustering, a dataset is divided into distinct clusters and each data in the dataset belongs to exactly one cluster. On the contrary data can belong to more than one cluster in soft clustering and each data can be associated with each cluster by a membership degree. Incremental algorithms which are developed for hard clustering have two main advantages. They based on the nonsmooth-nonconvex mathematical model which allows significantly reduce the number of variables and they choose one cluster center for each step that leads to obtain better objective function. In this paper, we propose an incremental fuzzy algorithm for soft clustering problems and present results of numerical experiments on 11 real-world datasets. These results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is efficient for solving the soft clustering problems.
Perancangan dan Implementasi Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) Metode Tsukamoto pada Penentuan Penghuni Asrama
Authors: Syahidi Aulia Akhrian , Biabdillah Fajerin , Bachtiar Fitra Abdurrachman
Published: February 2019

Asrama mahasiswa dibangun sebagai tempat tinggal bagi sekelompok orang yang sedang manjalankan suatu tugas atau kegiatan yang sama. Untuk menentukan mahasiswa yang berhak menjadi penghuni asrama, maka dalam penelitian ini memberikan rekomendasi untuk menggunakan Metode Fuzzy Tsukamoto. Metode Fuzzy Tsukamoto dipilih karena ada beberapa kelebihan yang menonjol yaitu dapat mendefinisikan nilai yang kabur dari inputan penilaian, dapat membangun, dan mengaplikasikan pengalaman-pengalaman para pakar secara langsung tanpa harus melalui proses pelatihan. Hasil analisis menyimpulkan bahwa: (1) Cara kerja Metode Fuzzy Tsukamoto memiliki tiga bagian yaitu: fuzzifikasi, inferensi fuzzy, dan defuzzifikasi, (2) Implementasi Metode Fuzzy Tsukamoto dapat menghitung penentuan penerimaan penghuni asrama mahasiswa pada studi kasus asrama mahasiswa putera “Negara Dipa Amuntai Malang”, berdasarkan 19 data dengan membandingkan antara hasil penilaian pakar, hasil perhitungan Fuzzy Tsukamoto secara manual, dan hasil perhitungan Fuzzy Tsukamoto secara otomatis menggunakan sistem yang terprogram, telah diuji mempunyai tingkat akurasi keberhasilan sebesar 63.15% dengan predikat cukup. AbstractStudent dormitory is built as a residence for a group of people who are carrying out a task or the same activity. To determine the students who have the right to become boarders, in this study provide recommendations for using the Fuzzy Tsukamoto Method. Fuzzy Tsukamoto method was chosen because there are several prominent advantages that can define the value that is blurred from the assessment input, can build, and apply the experiences of experts directly without having to go through the training process. The results of the analysis concluded that: (1) The workings of the Fuzzy Tsukamoto Method have three parts: fuzzification, fuzzy inference, and defuzzification. (2) The implementation of the Fuzzy Tsukamoto method can calculate the determination of the admission of students in the student dormitory case study of male student dormitory “Negara Dipa Amuntai Malang,” based on 19 data by comparing the results of the expert assessment, the results of Fuzzy Tsukamoto calculation manually, and the results of Fuzzy Tsukamoto calculations automatically using a programmed system, has been tested to have a success accuracy level of 63.15% with sufficient predicate.
Optimasi Penjadwalan Mata Kuliah Menggunakan Metode Algoritma Genetika dengan Teknik Tournament Selection
Authors: Sari Yuslena , Alkaff Muhammad , Wijaya Eka Setya , Soraya Syarifah , Kartikasari Dany Primanita
Published: February 2019

AbstrakBagi sebuah perguruan tinggi, penjadwalan perkuliahan merupakan suatu kegiatan yang sangat penting   untuk   dapat   terlaksananya   proses belajar mengajar   yang   baik.  Dimana   dalam   proses  belajar mengajar dapat dilakukan oleh semua pihak yang terkait, bukan hanya bagi dosen yang mengajar, tetapi juga bagi mahasiswa yang mengambil mata kuliah. Dalam penyusunan jadwal, ada beberapa variabel yang mempengaruhi yaitu: ruangan yang tersedia, jumlah mata kuliah yang diselenggarakan, waktu yang ada dan ketersediaan dosen yang mengajar. Oleh karena itu tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah merancang suatu sistem yang dapat membuat atau menyusun   jadwal    perkulihaan    secara  teroptimasi. Metode dalam proses pembuatan jadwal perkuliahan secara otomatis pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode algoritma genetika dengan teknik seleksi turnamen. hasil pengujian sistem dapat memberikan kemudahan dan kecepatan kepada user atau Program Studi Teknologi Informasi dalam proses pembuatan atau penyusunan jadwal untuk    perkuliahan,    yaitu hanya diperlukan waktu sekitar 14,7 menit dibandingkan dengan proses manual yang memerlukan waktu sekitar 2 (dua) hari.AbstractFor a college, the university course timetabling is is an activity that’s very important for the implementation of good teaching and learning process. In  teaching  and  learning  process  can be done    by    all    related    parties,   not    only    for Lecturers who teach, but also for students who take the course. In the preparation of the schedule, there are several variables that affect the: the available space, the number of courses held, the time available and the availability of lecturers  who  teach. Therefore, the  purpose  of this research is to design a system that can create or arrange optimization schedule optimally. Methods in the process of making university course   timetabling   automatically   in   this study using genetic algorithm method with tournament selection.
Analisis Protokol CryptO-0N2 dengan Menggunakan Scyther Tool
Authors: Agustina Esti Rahmawati , Christine Magdalena , Fitriani Irma
Published: February 2019

Pemilihan Umum (pemilu) di Indonesia merupakan peristiwa yang sangat penting mengingat Indonesia merupakan negara yang menganut paham demokrasi. Metode yang digunakan dalam pemilihan umum di Indonesia adalah dengan menggunakan kertas suara yang ditandai yaitu dicentang atau dicoblos. Banyak kelemahan dan kecurangan yang terjadi dalam sistem konvensional ini. Misalnya pemilih ganda, data pemilih tidak valid, surat suara rusak dan lain sebagainya. Salah satu solusi untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan pada sistem pemilu konvensional adalah dengan menerapkan electronic voting (e-voting). Berbagai penelitian dan pengembangan dilakukan dalam rangka membangun sistem e-voting yang aman. Salah satunya adalah dengan mengimplementasikan teknik kriptografi. Salah satu protokol e-voting yang menerapkan teknik kriptografi adalah protokol CryptO-0N2. Pada perkembangannya, protokol ini telah dianalisis dengan menggunakan verifikasi formal berbasis pendekatan logika yaitu BAN Logic. Verifikasi formal terhadap suatu protokol dapat dijamin obyektivitasnya dengan menggunakan tools tertentu. Pada paper ini disajikan analisis protokol CryptO-0N2 dengan menggunakan Scyther Tool. Tool ini memeriksa klaim secrecy dan authentication dari protokol CryptO-0N2. Hasil menunjukkan dari 17 klaim (secrecy dan authentication) terdapat 10 klaim sukses dan 7 klaim gagal.AbstractElections in Indonesia is a very important event considering Indonesia is a democratic country. The method of the general election in Indonesia is use a marked ballot that is ticked or punched. Many weaknesses and frauds occur in this conventional system. For example multiple voters, invalid voter data, broken ballots and so forth. One solution to solve the problems in conventional electoral systems is to apply electronic voting (e-voting). Various research and development carried out in order to build a secure e-voting system. One of them is by implementing cryptographic techniques. One of the e-voting protocols employing cryptographic techniques is the CryptO-0N2 protocol. In its development, this protocol has been analyzed by using formal logic-approach based on logical verification that is BAN Logic. Formal verification of a protocol can be guaranteed objectivity by using certain tools. In this paper we present CryptO-0N2 protocol analysis using Scyther Tool. This tool examines the secrecy and authentication claims of the CryptO-0N2 protocol. The result shows from 17 claims (secrecy and authentication) there are 10 successful claims and 7 claims are failed.
Pengembangan Alat Bantu Komunikasi Penderita Pascastroke Menggunakan Flex Sensor dan Accelerometer
Authors: Setiawan Agung Wahyu , Rizalputri Lavita Nur'aviana , Thias Ahmad Habbie
Published: February 2019

Pada tahun 2013, prevelansi penderita stroke di Indonesia sebesar 12,1 % serta merupakan penyebab kematian kedua dan penyebab disabilitas ketiga di dunia. Di Indonesia, angka kontribusi proporsional disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) dari stroke sekitar 9,7 % dan merupakan penyebab disabilitas nomor satu. Penderita yang mengalami disabilitas akan kesulitan melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari, terutama berkomunikasi. Oleh karena itu perlu dikembangkan alat bantu komunikasi yang dapat membantu penderita pascastroke berkomunikasi sehari-hari dengan memanfaatkan gerakan telapak tangan. Pada penelitian ini digunakan empat buah flex sensor yang diletakkan pada jari telunjuk, tengah, manis, dan kelingking serta satu sensor 3-axis gyroscope MPU6050. Alat bantu komunikasi untuk penderita pascastroke ini telah berfungsi untuk mendeteksi tujuh gerakan dasar, yaitu: “Ya”, “Tidak”, “Saya mau pergi kesana”, “Jam berapa sekarang?”, “Saya mau makan”, “Saya mau minum”, dan “Halo!”. Ketujuh kata atau kalimat tersebut juga ditampilkan di sebuah display. Pendeteksian ketujuh gerakan ini diperoleh dari tekukan empat jari yang dideteksi menggunakan flex sensor dan posisi tangan di arah 3 sumbu (x, y, dan z) menggunakan gyroscope yang diletakkan pada sebuah sarung tangan. Alat ini diharapkan dapat menjadi awal dalam pengembangan alat bantu komunikasi untuk penderita. AbstractIn 2013, prevalence of stroke in Indonesia is 12.1% and the second leading cause of deaths and the third most common cause of disability in the world. In Indonesia, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) proportional contribution of stroke is around 9.7% and the first leading cause of disability. Patients with disabilities will have difficulty for performing daily life activities, especially communicating with other people. Therefore, it is necessary to develop communication assistive device that can help post-stroke patients to communicate using their palm. Four flex sensors mounted on the index, middle, ring, and pinky fingers; and one 3-axis gyroscope MPU6050 sensor. This communication asisstive device has fully function to detect seven basic movement for daily life communication, that is: "Yes", "No", "I want to go there", "What time is it?", "I want to eat", "I want to drink" and "Hello!". The seven words / sentences also appear on the viewer screen. The detection of these seven motions is obtained from the four flex sensors and the position of the hand in the 3-axes (x, y, and z) direction from gyroscope that is placed on a glove. This research is a preliminary research in the area of assistive device technology for post-stroke patients.
Halaman Belakang & Daftar Indeks
Authors: Purbosari Lina
Published: February 2019

Halaman Belakang & Daftar Indeks
Optimasi Aplikasi SIMAK-BMN untuk Inventarisasi Barang Milik Negara Berbasis Aplikasi Mobile Android
Authors: Atmaja Ardian Prima , Susanto Fredy
Published: February 2019

Dalam sebuah satuan kerja atau institusi pemerintah di Negara Republik Indonesia, terdapat barang-barang yang dibeli atau diperoleh atas beban APBN yang kemudian dapat diidentifikasikan sebagai bagian dari Barang Milik Negara (BMN). BMN tersebut dicatat dalam sebuah aplikasi bernama Sistem Informasi Manajemen dan Akuntansi Barang Milik Negara (SIMAK-BMN). Untuk melakukan monitoring BMN yang telah tercatat di aplikasi tersebut, Kuasa Pengguna Anggaran (KPA) dan tim monitoring seringkali menemui beberapa kesulitan. Hal ini diakibatkan dari keterbatasan aplikasi SIMAK-BMN yang belum sepenuhnya mudah dioperasikan untuk keperluan monitoring. Dengan kondisi seperti itu maka pada makalah ini dibahas pengembangan sistem informasi monitoring BMN terpadu dengan melakukan optimasi terhadap database SIMAK-BMN. Sistem yang dibangun dapat dijalankan oleh tim monitoring BMN secara online menggunakan internet. Selain itu, dikembangkan pula sistem monitoring BMN secara mobile yang dapat diinstall pada perangkat smartphone berbasis Android. Sehingga, dalam pengelolaaanya, petugas tim pencatat dan penginventaris BMN dapat menggunakan smartphone mereka untuk membantu memudahkan pekerjaaan inventarisasi dengan melakukan scanning QR Code dari tiap-tiap BMN. Dengan adanya sistem monitoring BMN yang merupakan optimasi dari database SIMAK-BMN tersebut, diharapkan dapat mempermudah fungsi monitoring BMN dan menjadi kontribusi dalam pengembangan sistem monitoring internal suatu satuan kerja di Republik Indonesia serta mendukung kebijakan-kebijakan pengelolaan BMN. AbstractIn a unit or institution in the government of State of the Republic of Indonesia, there are goods obtained at the expense of the APBN which can be identified as the State Goods (BMN). BMN is recorded in an application called the Management Information System and Accounting for State Goods (SIMAK-BMN). To monitor the BMNs that have been recorded in that application, the Budget User Authority (KPA) and the monitoring team often encounter some difficulties. This is due to the limitations of the SIMAK-BMN application which has not been fully operational for monitoring purposes. With such conditions, this study discusses about the development of integrated BMN monitoring information system by optimizing the SIMAK-BMN database. The built system can be run by the BMN monitoring team using the internet. Moreover, also developed a mobile BMN monitoring system that can be installed on Android-based smartphone devices. Thus, in it’s management, BMN registration team can use their smartphone to scanning QR Code from each item of BMN. With the BMN monitoring system which is the optimization of the SIMAK-BMN database, it is expected to facilitate the BMN monitoring function and become a contribution in developing the internal monitoring system of a work unit in the government of Republic of Indonesia as well as supporting the policies of BMN management.
Global assessment of internal audit competence: Does one size fit all?
Authors: Coetzee P , Erusmus L J , Plant K
Published: February 2019

The Certified Internal Auditor (CIA) programme is the formal globally recognised test of competence for internal auditors. However, the question is raised whether this assessment of competence has kept up with the changing demands of modern internal auditing, taking into account the fact that demands may differ from one country or region to the next. The fact that Australia, the UK & Ireland and South Africa require qualifications in addition to those of the CIA programme may be attributed to a need for a different level of competence in comparison with the Rest of the World. The objective of the study was to determine whether differences exist between the respective competency level needs for internal auditors from South Africa, the UK and Ireland, Australia and the Rest of the World. Data from the Institute of Internal Auditorsâ€™ (IIAâ€™s) latest global Common Body of Knowledge (CBOK) study was used to determine and statistically analyse the perceived levels of importance of general competencies, technical skills and behavioural skills needed by internal auditors. The results indicated that globally internal auditors have similar perceptions of what competencies are most important for internal auditors, but the levels of importance differ among the regions. South Africa demanded a higher level of competence and aligned closely with the UK and Ireland, which could explain why South Africa now needs a customised competency assessment. Australia consistently indicated different perceptions of the levels of importance of competencies, which could explain Australiaâ€™s need for a country-specific internal audit competency assessment. Hence one size may not fit all.
Including risk in the balanced scorecard: Adoption rate and implementation methods of Johannesburg Stock Exchange listed organisations
Authors: Kotze P N , Vermaak F NS , Kirsten E
Published: February 2019

It has been suggested in previous research that it might be worthwhile to include risk measures in the balanced scorecard (BSC) or to rework it in order to manage risk. The literature review in this study indicated that some conceptual and case study research has been done to investigate how an organisation could go about accomplishing this. A number of researchers noted that including risk measures on the face of the scorecard might lead to a problem of over-complexity. Using content analysis as the method of inquiry, this study explored how organisations are currently adding risk to their scorecards. The key fi nding of the study was that organisations that have reported adding risk measures to their BSCs are predominantly adding risk measures to the face of their scorecards. This fi nding is interesting because it would indicate that the previously reported and conceptualised problem of complexity does not seem to have such a great impact as previously thought.
International financial reporting standards and foreign ownership in South African companies
Authors: Sherman T , De Klerk M
Published: February 2019

Previous literature suggests that the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) can facilitate cross-border capital flows, as it results in an increase in market liquidity and comparability benefits. Using foreign ownership levels in South African listed companies during the period 2003 to 2007, we test whether this association holds in a South African context when the top 40 South African companies mandatorily adopted IFRS. The results indicate that the adoption of IFRS did not have a significant positive association with foreign ownership levels during the sample period. We attribute the result to the harmonisation project undertaken in South Africa to align local accounting standards (SAGAAP) with the IFRS before the mandatory adoption thereof.
Consumer financial vulnerability: identifying transmission linkages that could give rise to higher levels of consumer financial vulnerability
Authors: De Clercg B , Van Tonder J A , Van Aardt C J
Published: February 2019

Several macroeconomic indicators point to high consumer financial vulnerability in South Africa. These include, inter alia, a relatively high household debt-to-disposable income ratio, household consumption expenditure outstripping household disposable income and a declining real household net wealth-to-disposable income ratio. 12In a 2009 study, the first level of possible predictors of consumer financial vulnerability was identified. However, no study has been conducted in South Africa to establish the transmission path of consumer financial vulnerability. This paper attempts to identify such a transmission path by determining the order in which the four aspects of the consumer financial vulnerability index, namely consumer income, expenditure, savings and debt servicing vulnerability, impact on one another, making consumers more vulnerable. This was done by means of an econometric modelling technique called Vector Auto regression (VAR) using consumer financial vulnerability data series covering the period Q2 2009 to Q2 2012. 13The VAR results show that expenditure vulnerability received the highest coefficient of determination score. This indicates that expenditure problems are the Achillesâ€™ heel of South African households, which activates the postulated consumer financial vulnerability index (CFVI) transmission path. To determine the extent to which other macroeconomic variables impact on the postulated CFVI transmission path, a consumer price index (CPI) time series was entered exogenously into the existing VAR equation. It appears from the results obtained that the exogenous 113 Consumer financial vulnerability inclusion of CPI in the model made a dramatic difference with respect to income and expenditure vulnerability. By including the prime lending rate variable exogenously in the CFVI transmission path, the strong impact of the prime rate on expenditure vulnerability became evident. Finally, by adding the expanded unemployment variable exogenously to the CFVI transmission path in addition to the CPI and prime rate variables, debt servicing vulnerability was strongly impacted. From the CFVI transmission path findings, it became evident that consumers are not able to afford their required necessities, which leads to their becoming expenditure vulnerable. If consumers cannot generate more income to compensate, they become income vulnerable. They draw on their savings to finance the excess expenditure and become savings vulnerable, and if they cannot afford the necessary credit they require to finance their expenditure and have no savings left, they become debt servicing vulnerable