bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adults Who Stutter Show Diminished Word Fluency, Regardless of Mode
Authors: Lescht Erica , Dickey Michael Walsh , Stockbridge Melissa D. , Ratner Nan Bernstein
Published: February 2022

Purpose:

Language abilities have long been thought to be weaker in adults who stutter (AWS) compared to adults who do not stutter (AWNS). However, it is unknown whether modality affects language performance by AWS in time pressure situations. This study aimed to examine lexical access and retrieval abilities of AWS in oral and typed modes.

Method:

Fifteen AWS and 15 well-matched AWNS completed computer-administered letter fluency tasks. Adults were asked to orally produce words that began with one of two letter targets and type words that began with one of two alternate letters. Conditions were counterbalanced across participants.

Results:

Generalized linear mixed-effects models were evaluated to determine the effects of group (AWS/AWNS), mode (oral/typed), and expressive vocabulary on letter fluency performance. Group predicted letter fluency such that AWS generated fewer items on both the oral and typed letter fluency tasks. Mode did not impact letter fluency results. Expressive Vocabulary Test scores predicted letter fluency similarly in both AWS and AWNS.

Conclusions:

AWS were not penalized by oral task demands. AWS generated fewer items on the letter fluency tasks regardless of response mode, suggesting that they have weaker lexical access abilities. Furthermore, better expressive vocabulary skills were associated with better letter fluency performance in both groups.
Motion parameter estimation of high‐speed manoeuvering targets based on hybrid integration and synchrosqueezing transform
Authors: Lin Hua , Zeng Chao , Zhang Hai , Jiang Ge
Published: February 2022

In this study, we address the problem of estimating the motion parameters of multiple high‐speed manoeuvering targets under low signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) environment with a low‐range resolution radar, where the target movement could cause the echo signal energy seriously spread across both the range and Doppler frequency coordinates, and the returned signals from different targets would merge into each other. Based on the subaperture feature enhancement, Hough transform (HT) and the second‐order short‐time Fourier‐based synchrosqueezing transform (FSST2), a novel method, named as EHFSST2, is proposed. The proposed method can robustly extract the targets of interest from environment and accurately estimate the targets' motion parameters. Thanks to its ability to compensate the effects of the range walk, curvature, and the Doppler ambiguity, spreading, wrapping, and the energy of echo signal can be coherently integrated along the target's individual moving trajectory. In addition, several numerical experiments are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness. The results show that the proposed method is superior to some existing methods in terms of the anti‐noise ability, measurement accuracy and integration performance.
Connecting Galactic and extragalactic outflows: From the Cygnus-X cluster to active galaxies
Authors: Skretas I. M. , Kristensen L. E.
Published: February 2022

Context. Molecular outflows are commonly detected originating from both protostellar and extragalactic sources. Separate studies of low-mass, isolated high-mass, and extragalactic sources reveal scaling relations connecting the force carried by an outflow and the properties of the source that drives it, as for example the mass and luminosity.

Aims. The aim of this work is twofold: first, to examine the effects, if any, of clustered star formation on the protostellar outflows and their scaling relations and, second, to explore the possibility that outflows varying in scale and energetics by many orders of magnitude are consistent with being launched by the same physical processes.

Methods. To that end, high-angular resolution CO J = 3–2 observations were used of ten high-mass protostars in the Cygnus-X molecular cloud, obtained at the SubMilliMeter Array as part of the Protostellar Interferometric Line Survey of Cygnus-X (PILS-Cygnus). From these data, the outflow force, that is the momentum ejection rate, was measured. In addition, an extended sample of protostellar and extragalactic outflow-force measurements was assembled from existing literature to allow for a direct comparison of the scaling relations of the two types of outflows.

Results. Molecular outflows were detected originating from all ten sources of the PILS-Cygnus survey, and their outflow forces are found to be in close agreement with measurements from the literature. In addition, the comparison of the protostellar and extragalactic sources reveals, with 95% confidence, that Class 0 protostars and extragalactic sources follow the same outflow force–bolometric luminosity correlation.

Conclusions. The close agreement between the Cygnus-X sources and sources of similar envelope mass and bolometric luminosity suggests that clustered star formation has no significant effect on protostellar outflows. We find a strong indication that protostellar and extragalactic outflows are consistent with having a similar launch mechanism. The existence of such a mechanism would enable the development of a single universal outflow launch model, although more observations are required in order to verify this connection.
La rupture climatique de 1987 en France : quels effets sur l’humidité des sols ?
Authors: Sick Lisa , Ullmann Albin , Roucou Pascal
Published: February 2022

Cet article présente les caractéristiques spatio-temporelles de l’humidité des sols à l’échelle de la France entre deux sous-périodes (1959-1987 et 1988-2019). Les principaux résultats montrent un assèchement généralisé des sols, surtout au printemps et en été, notamment pour trois secteurs : le sud-ouest, le nord-est et le pourtour méditerranéen. L’assèchement des sols peut s’expliquer par un important réchauffement des températures, généralisé et significatif à l’échelle de l’ensemble du territoire, mais bien plus marqué dans le sud-ouest et le nord-est, au printemps et en été. Cette élévation importante des températures entre les deux sous-périodes semble expliquer une très forte hausse de la demande évaporatoire de l’atmosphère, extrêmement marquée du printemps à la fin de l’été. Cette augmentation de l’évapotranspiration potentielle est ici présentée comme un des facteurs déterminant de l’assèchement des sols et de l’aggravation du risque de sécheresses agricoles liés au réchauffement climatique.
How to Reach the Goal of Quadruple Aim Today in Healthcare Service Ecosystem: Nudges from the A4A Approach
Authors: Badr Nabil Georges , Carrubbo Luca , Mohtar Layal
Published: February 2022

The pandemic has uncovered hidden, latent or unknown misalignments in healthcare worldwide. Difficulties, friction, disturbances, misunderstandings, underestimations, carelessness and other issues have ensued quickly, upsetting the ecosystem value creation mechanisms and influencing all actor’s behavior within every country’s Healthcare Service Ecosystems (H-SES). The expected health system impacts are those demarcated by the quadruple aims that include all the actors in the health ecosystem. Such aims address improving patient and caregiver experience; improving the health of populations; reducing per capita cost; and improving the work life of providers. This warranted a search for deeper understanding of the on-going dynamics and relative insights to foster actor engagement, provide a good global service in Healthcare, and fully reach the well-known quadruple aim. By referring to the cyclical model of the actor for actor model (A4A), we consider and review their shared intentionality and finality alignment, to investigate how resource integration work here and what happen in case of contingences (as in the case of a pandemic). It is a theoretical work, but entails many practical issues in Healthcare in terms of patient empowerment, improving population health, lowering cost of care, and maintaining the wellbeing of the care team.
Exploring factory digital production support system through the lens of Service Dominant logic
Authors: West Shaun , Keiser Yann , Stoll Oliver , Züst Simon
Published: February 2022

This paper attempts to understand innovation in the production environment of three different digital systems that support the manufacturing processes of industrial firms. Three cases were characterized through the lens of Service Dominant logic to assess the “smartness” of the services that the system provides. It achieves this using the dimensions ‘service ecosystem’, ‘service platform’ and ‘value cocreation’. The assumption used is that production or assembly may be viewed as a set of processes and hence in effect, a service. Furthermore, the digital system provided institutional arrangements to support value cocreation. It was found that the digital systems provide services to the shop floor and management over different time frames. What was also identified from the analysis was that by using the three dimensions, it was possible to understand the system’s limitations in terms of supporting the value cocreation processes.
Optimal inventory strategies for deteriorating items with price-sensitive investment in preservation technology
Authors: Priyamvada  , Rini  , Jaggi Chandra K.
Published: February 2022

With recent developments in the technological world, the issue of deterioration has been addressed efficiently through preservation technology by numerous researchers. The fundamental concept of preservation technology involves an investment that is majorly dependent on the initial deterioration rate, irrespective of the selling price of the product. Owing to this, two different products having the same deterioration rate but different selling price requires equal investment, which is irrational. Further, the investment in preservation technology was considered to be per unit time irrespective of the number of units being held, which is again a major drawback of the existing literature. Thus, this paper attempts to bridge the gap by proposing a realistic way of implementing preservation technology, where not only the investment is per unit, but also depends on the selling price of that unit. The model jointly optimizes the selling price, the fraction of per unit profit to be invested in preservation technology, and cycle length to maximize the overall profit. The proposed model proves out to be economically more viable, through superior cost management, when compared with the existing model. The model is further illustrated with comparative numerical examples and graphical representations. Moreover, sensitivity analysis is performed to convey model characteristics.
Controlling defective items in a complex multi-phase manufacturing system
Authors: Sarkar Biswajit , Joo Jaehyeon , Kim Yihyun , Park Heejun , Sarkar Mitali
Published: February 2022

In manufacturing systems, defective items are produced for machine drift and error. Usually, an imperfect production rate is random, and if the items are not reworked, these are considered trash and harm the environment. The proposed model aims to reduce waste by reworking defective products and maximizing profit. For profit maximization or overall cost minimization of the manufacturing system, setup cost has significant. A discrete investment for each phase is introduced with an inequality investment constraint for reducing the setup cost. Selling price-dependent demand is trained for more generalized applications for various industries. The proposed model is a multi-phase manufacturing system with optimum batch size, selling price, and investment with an irregular, imperfect production rate. Defects are detected at the first inspection, and the reworked items are checked if the reworked items are all non-defective in the second inspection. The model conducts a two-stage inspection. One is for detecting defective items, and another is for checking if all items are not defective after reworking. The model is solved with the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) method, and the global maximum profit is obtained. The model shows that all investments should be assigned to maximize the profit and the optimal solution. Reducing setup cost with the investment is better than a constant setup cost.
Research on electricity supply chain strategy coordination considering peak-valley pricing policy and service quality investment
Authors: Chen Wei , Wang Haomin , He Jingbin
Published: February 2022

An electricity supply chain game model composed of electricity generation enterprise and electricity retailer enterprise is constructed to evaluate the impact of service quality and peak-valley pricing on electricity supply chain coordination mechanism. Decisions on electricity service quality and peak-valley pricing are studied. Following this, the contract coordination under the electricity supply chain is discussed. Based on the game framework, the main research results are as follows. First, the centralized system provides a lower peak-valley price and higher electricity service quality, electricity demand, and supply chain’s profit compared with the decentralized system. Second, with the service quality sensitivity coefficient, the electricity service quality, electricity price, and electricity demand increase, increasing the profit. Third, with the electricity service quality cost coefficient, the electricity service quality, electricity price, and electricity demand decrease, reducing the profit. Fourth, revenue sharing and an electricity service quality investment cost-sharing contract could achieve the coordination of the supply chain.
Tea Tree Oil and Terpinen-4-Ol Induce Cytoskeletal Reorganization of
Human Melanoma Cells
Authors: Bozzuto Giuseppina , Mariano Fulvia , Costa Ilaria , Calcabrini Annarica , Molinari Agnese
Published: February 2022

Tea tree oil is an essential oil distilled from the leaves of Melaleuca
alternifolia, a plant native to Australia. It has been used in
traditional medicine for its antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties to
treat various skin conditions and infections. It has also been incorporated into
many topical formulations to treat cutaneous infections and speed wound healing.
In vivo and in vitro studies report antiproliferative effects
in skin disorders but the molecular mechanisms underlying this effect remain to
be still elucidated. In this study MTT assay, scanning electron microscopy-field
emission gun, flow cytometry, cell cycle assays, and laser scanning confocal
microscopy were utilized to investigate a novel mechanism underlying the
antiproliferative effects of tea tree oil and terpinen-4-ol on transformed skin
(melanoma) M14 cells. The analysis of the actin cytoskeleton by laser scanning
confocal microscopy evidenced a clear action of both essential oil and its main
active component on F-actin, which interfered with bundling of actin
microfilaments in stress fibers. As for the microtubular network, both tea tree
oil and terpinen-4-ol induced a disorganization of the perinuclear cage with the
rupture and collapse of microtubules. Finally, they noticeably changed the
intermediate filaments architecture by inducing the formation of large vimentin
cables. Results obtained in the present study point to the cytoskeleton as a
further target of tea tree oil and terpinen-4-ol and could account for the
inhibition of proliferation and invasion of skin transformed M14 cells. In our
experimental conditions, vimentin intermediate filaments appear to be the
cytoskeletal element more affected by the treatments. Moreover, the role of
cross-linker proteins in the mechanism of action of tea tree oil has been
discussed.
Single or Combined Valve Surgery and Concomitant Right Coronary Artery Bypass through Right Anterior Minithoracotomy Approach
Authors: Hasde Ali Ihsan , Sarıcaoğlu Mehmet Cahit , Kılıçkap Mustafa , Durdu Mustafa Serkan
Published: February 2022

Background Patients with combined valve and coronary artery disease are commonly performed by standard median sternotomy approach for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and valve surgery. The purpose of this study is to describe our experience and show feasibility and safety of minimally invasive approach to single or combined valve pathology with single-vessel right coronary artery (RCA) disease, even if it is suitable to percutaneous coronary intervention.

Methods This retrospective study comprised 28 consecutive patients who underwent single or combined valve surgery concomitant right CABG through right anterior minithoracotomy between February 2018 and December 2020. Preoperative evaluation, intraoperative, and postoperative outcomes were reviewed and analyzed.

Results There were 12 men and 16 women. The mean age was 71.46 ± 6.82 years. Ten patients were in New York Heart Association class III or IV. The mean cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross-clamping times were 117.6 ± 21.3 and 98.1 ± 22.6 minutes, respectively. The mean time to extubation was 9.7 ± 5.6 hours, the mean intensive care unit stay was 37.4 ± 14.6 hours, and the mean hospital stay was 6.9 ± 3.2 days. There was one patient who underwent reoperation for bleeding. There were no instances of postoperative stroke, myocardial infarction, renal failure, or wound infection. The mean follow-up was 19 ± 2.4 months.

Conclusion Presence of RCA lesion is not a contraindication for minimally invasive approach in cases who underwent single or combined valve surgery. Combined valve surgery and right CABG via right anterior minithoracotomy are a safe and feasible option to standard median sternotomy surgery, even if RCA lesions seem suitable for stenting.
Tratamento da lesão muscular com células-tronco – Estudo experimental em coelhos
Authors: Santos Alex de Lima , Silva Camila Gonzaga da , Barreto Leticia Siqueira de Sá , Tamaoki Marcel Jun Sugawara , Pereira Bruno Fiorelini , Almeida Fernando Gonçalves de , Faloppa Flavio
Published: February 2022

Objetivo Avaliação histológica e macroscópica do processo de cicatrização das lesões agudas do músculo reto femoral, com utilização de células-tronco derivadas de tecido adiposo (ADSCs, na sigla em inglês).

Método Foi realizado um estudo experimental com 18 patas traseiras de coelhos Nova Zelândia, que foram divididos em três nos grupos de estudo de acordo com a intervenção a ser realizada. No grupo I não foi realizado procedimento cirúrgico; no grupo II – SHAN foi realizado a lesão experimental sem nenhum protocolo de intervenção adicional; e no grupo III – Intervenção foi realizado a adição de ADSCs na mesma topografia onde foi realizada a lesão experimental. Após o período proposto, 2 semanas, o material foi coletado, submetido a avaliação macroscópica e histológica.

Resultados A análise quantitativa demonstrou que a adição de ADSCs está relacionada com a diminuição de células inflamatórias na avaliação com 2 semanas (164,2 células no grupo II – SHAN para 89,62 células no grupo III – ADSC). A análise qualitativa das lâminas coradas com Picrosírius red demonstrou um aumento das fibras de cor laranja/amarela no grupo III – ADSC, o que evidencia um processo final de cicatrização. A avaliação macroscópica não encontrou diferença entre os grupos.

Conclusão A utilização de ADSCs no tratamento de lesão muscular aguda apresentou vantagens histológicas quando comparada a sua não utilização.
Animal-Assisted Intervention in Speech-Language Pathology: Practical, Clinical, and Theoretical Considerations
Authors: Antonucci Sharon M.
Published: February 2022

Interest in animal-assisted interventions within the field of communication sciences and disorders is growing. As more clinicians become interested in engaging in animal-assisted therapy (AAT) and more researchers begin to study its potential benefits, it will be critical for all stakeholders to demonstrate knowledge of the standards and qualifications for service delivery as well as the challenges that must be met in developing an evidence base for clinical practice. This review highlights some of the foundational information relevant to AAT in the context of speech-language pathology.
Evaluation of the Electrically-Evoked Stapedial Reflex Threshold in Pediatric Cochlear Implant Users with High-Frequency Probe Tones
Authors: Palani Saravanan , Alexander Arun , Sreenivasan Anuprasad
Published: February 2022

Introduction Measurement of the electrically-evoked stapedial reflex threshold (ESRT) is an objective tool used to set the comfort levels in pediatric cochlear implant (PCI) users. The levels of ESRT have a strong correlation with comfort levels. However, the clinical utility of ESRT is limited because the ESRT response is not observed in all cochlear implant users.

Objective To assess the effects of probe-tone frequency on ESRT and its relationship with the behavioral comfort levels in PCI users.

Methods A total of 14 PCI users aged between 5 and 8 years participated in the study. The ESRT levels were measured using high-frequency probe tones (678 Hz and 1,000 Hz), and the default 226 Hz probe tone. The ESRT was measured with single-electrode stimulation across the three electrode locations (basal [E01]; middle [E11]; and apical [E22]). The ESRT levels measured with different probe tone frequencies were compared with the behavioral comfort levels.

Results The mean ESRT levels using 1,000Hz and 678 Hz were lower than those measured using 226 Hz, but there was no main effect of probe-tone frequency (p > 0.05). A significantly high incidence of successful ESRT measurements occurred with higher-frequency probe tone (p < 0.039). Additionally, ESRT using higher probe tones significantly correlated with comfort levels.

Conclusion The ESRT with higher probe tones was correlated with behavioral comfort levels and increased the success rate of the measurements. Higher-frequency probe tones may be useful whenever ESRT with 226 Hz is not measurable.
Enhancement of functional properties of V0.6Ti0.4 alloy superconductor by the addition of yttrium
Authors: Ramjan SK. , Sharath Chandra L. S. , Singh Rashmi , Ganesh P. , Sagdeo Archna , Chattopadhyay M. K.
Published: February 2022

We show here that yttrium is immiscible and precipitates with various sizes in the body centered cubic V0.6Ti0.4 alloy superconductor. The number and size of the precipitates are found to depend on the amount of yttrium added. Precipitates with various sizes up to 30 μm are found in the V0.6Ti0.4 alloy containing 5 at. % yttrium. The large amount of line disorders generated by the addition of yttrium in this alloy is found to be effective in pinning the magnetic flux lines. While the superconducting transition temperature increases with the increasing amount of yttrium in the V0.6Ti0.4 alloy, the critical current density is maximum for the alloy containing 2 at. % yttrium, where it is more than 7.5 times the parent alloy in fields higher than 1 T. We found that the effectiveness of each type of defect in pinning the flux lines is dependent on the temperature and the applied magnetic filed.
NH3-selective catalytic reduction performance of a new type of Cu@ZIF-7 catalyst
Authors: Zhao Yi , Sun Zhonghao , Liu Siqi , Li Zhao , Mao Xingzhou , Wang Siyuan , Hao Runlong
Published: February 2022

To achieve a selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxide (NOx) in a wide temperature range and avoid the secondary pollution of commercial catalysts, a new type of highly active catalyst Cu@ZIF-7 was synthesized. X-ray diffraction, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy were performed to analyze the morphological characteristics of Cu@ZIF-7. The effects of Cu load capacity, impregnation time, impregnation temperature, catalyst dosage, and reaction temperature on NOx removal efficiency were also investigated. Cu@ZIF-7 maintained a NOx removal efficiency of >90% in a temperature range of 250–400 °C. Finally, the stability, sulfur, and water resistance of Cu@ZIF-7 were investigated, and the NOx conversion mechanism was inferred through in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy and references.
Mismatch between shape changes, early growth, and condition for a temperate reef fish from an oceanic island
Authors: Landaeta Mauricio F. , Figueroa-González Yanara , Moyano Gonzalo , Vera-Duarte Javier , Pérez-Matus Alejandro , Plaza Guido
Published: February 2022

Settlement is a key process in the life history of marine fish, when shape and ecological changes occur during the transition from a pelagic larva to a benthic juvenile. We studied the covariation of shape changes, condition, and pre- and post-settlement growth of settlers (17–30 mm) of the wrasse, Pseudolabrus gayi, from the Robinson Crusoe island, south-eastern Pacific. Specimens were collected during late March 2018 from four locations at 20 m depth and from a large, natural intertidal pool. The morphospace and the allometry were characterised by landmark-based geometric morphometrics, size and growth were estimated using sagittae otolith microstructure analysis, and condition was determined using the Fulton index. The settler’s phenotype varied from a robust shape with ventrally oriented mouth opening, to slender specimens with frontally oriented mouth, with similar body morphospace among sites. The mean pelagic larval duration was 44.8 ± 4.6 days, settling at 19 ± 2 mm SL. The mean post-settlement growth rate was low (0.09 mm day−1), showing low static allometry (3%). Differences among locations occurred in terms of settler’s condition and growth prior and after settlement, suggesting effects of the microhabitat and potential predators. Therefore, the variability in the settler’s morphospace was decoupled of pre- and post-settlement growth and condition during the transition from pelagic to benthic habitat. Finally, this study highlights the dynamic nature of the settlement–transition period for a temperate reef fish in a period when phenotype variations in body shape and early life-history traits vary asynchronously.
Using life-history traits to predict the vulnerability to overexploitation in soldier striped shrimps
Authors: Medeiros-Leal Wendell , Santos Régis , Novoa-Pabon Ana , Isidro Eduardo , Melo Octávio , Pinho Mário
Published: February 2022

The global overfishing scenario of the historically exploited marine stocks have generated concern and encouraged the search for new potentially exploitable fisheries resources. In this sense, shrimps are potential alternative resources to be exploited, given their high diversity and stock resilience. This study had an objective to estimate life-history traits and analyse yield and abundance fishing levels to see whether Plesionika edwardsii shrimp is vulnerable to overexploitation or not in the mid-North Atlantic (Azores region, ICES Subdivision 10a2). The females showed larger L∞ (asymptotic length) and k (coefficient of growth; L∞ = 27.3 mm, k = 0.75 year−1) than did males (L∞ = 24.58 mm, k = 0.73 year−1). The mortality rates of males (Z = 1.00 year−1; M = 0.84 year−1) and females (Z = 0.92 year−1; M = 0.85 year−1) were very similar. In terms of longevity, the males (3.47 year−1) survived longer than did females (3.34 year−1). Depletion experiments showed a fast and straight-forward decline of CPUEs (3, 5 and 9 days), confirming a low mobility and vulnerability to high fishing efforts. The maximum sustainable yield (MSY) estimates (5.4–10.7 tonnes (Mg) year−1) showed a low annual sustainable catch. These values combined with the life-history characteristics indicated that this stock is less resilient and highly vulnerable to overfishing.
Self-reported COVID-19 infection and implications for mental health and food insecurity among American college students
Authors: Goldrick-Rab Sara , Coca Vanessa , Gill Japbir , Peele Morgan , Clark Kallie , Looker Elizabeth
Published: February 2022

While the COVID-19 pandemic affected mental health and increased food insecurity across the general population, less is known about the virus’s impact on college students. A fall 2020 survey of more than 100,000 students at 202 colleges and universities in 42 states reveals sociodemographic variation in self-reported infections, as well as associations between self-reported infection and food insecurity and mental health. We find that 7% of students self-reported a COVID-19 infection, with sizable differences by race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, parenting status, and student athlete status. Students who self-reported COVID-19 infections were more likely to experience food insecurity, anxiety, and depression. Implications for higher education institutions, policy makers, and students are discussed.
The pathogenic R5L mutation disrupts formation of Tau complexes on the microtubule by altering local N-terminal structure
Authors: Cario Alisa , Savastano Adriana , Wood Neil B. , Liu Zhu , Previs Michael J. , Hendricks Adam G. , Zweckstetter Markus , Berger Christopher L.
Published: February 2022

Significance

The microtubule-associated protein Tau is strongly linked to a number of neurological diseases. Disease onset is typically associated with weakened interaction with the microtubule, but this widely accepted model is based on hyperphosphorylation or mutations within the C-terminal microtubule-binding domain of Tau. Here, we find that an N-terminal disease-associated mutation in Tau, R5L, does not reduce Tau affinity for microtubules but instead, modifies the N-terminal structure, altering Tau’s behavior and ability to condense on the microtubule surface. Our findings challenge the current paradigms of both how mutations in Tau lead to disease and the functional role of the N-terminal region of Tau.
‘So many “virologists” in this thread!’
Authors: Andersson Marta
Published: February 2022

This paper embarks on a functional analysis of impolite language use in discussions about the response to the pandemic of Covid-19 on the official Facebook page of the Swedish national public television broadcaster in the spring of 2020. Having combined the existing models of impoliteness (Culpeper 2016) with the Appraisal theory (Martin and White 2005) in a both quantitative and qualitative investigation, the study finds remarkable differences between supporters and opponents of the Swedish tactic in terms of enactment of value orientations categorized as different attitudes within the Appraisal framework. More specifically, opponents tend to voice more subjective and affectual sentiments, whereas supporters generally derive their attitude from the Swedish institutional norms and cultural standards, resulting in more judgement. As the study concludes, these findings are related to the inherent dichotomy of the Swedish welfare state paradigm, which integrates the concepts of both state and individual citizen liability.
Molecular Clouds Associated with H ii Regions and Candidates within l = 106.°65 to 109.°50 and b = −1.°85 to 0.°95
Authors: Li Chun-Xue , Wang Hong-Chi , Ma Yue-Hui , Zhang Miao-Miao , Li Chong , Zheng Yu-Qing
Published: February 2022

We present a large-scale simultaneous survey of the CO isotopologues (12CO, 13CO, and C18O) J = 1–0 line emission toward the Galactic plane region of l = 106.°65 to 109.°50 and b = −1.°85 to 0.°95 using the Purple Mountain Observatory 13.7 m millimeter-wavelength telescope. Except for the molecular gas in the solar neighborhood, the emission from the molecular gas in this region is concentrated in the velocity range of [−60, −35] km s−1. The gas in the region can be divided into four clouds, with mass in the range of ∼103–104
M
☉. We have identified 25 filaments based on the 13CO data. The median excitation temperature, length, line mass, line width, and virial parameter of the filaments are 10.89 K, 8.49 pc, 146.11 M
⊙ pc−1, 1.01 km s−1, and 3.14, respectively. Among these filaments, eight have virial parameters of less than 2, suggesting that they are gravitationally bound and can lead to star formation. Nineteen H ii regions or candidates have previously been found in the region and we investigate the relationships between these H ii regions/candidates and surrounding molecular clouds in detail. Using morphology similarity and radial velocity consistency between H ii regions/candidates and molecular clouds as evidence for association, and raised temperature and velocity broadening as signatures of interaction, we propose that 12 H ii regions/candidates are associated with their surrounding molecular clouds. In the case of the H ii region of S142, the energy of the H ii region is sufficient to maintain the turbulence in the surrounding molecular gas.
Allpix squared simulations of multi-element germanium detectors for synchrotron applications
Authors: Saleem T. , Iguaz F.J. , Orsini F.
Published: February 2022

X-rays spectroscopy experiments at synchrotron facilities were limited for many years by the maximum input count rate and the signal-to-background ratio of germanium fluorescence detectors. These limitations are related to the germanium semiconductor device, the sensor configuration and its response to the incident X-ray flux at different energies. In order to understand and quantify such limitations, physics simulation of the detector response is a powerful tool to provide guidelines for designing, prototyping and improving detectors, as well as modelling experimental environments, which reduces time and cost of development. For this purpose, a first complete and operational simulation chain based on Allpix Squared framework is presented, customized to multi-element germanium detectors and combined with three-dimensional simulations of the electric field and the weighting potential, based on COMSOL Multiphysics®. Based on this simulation chain, a quantification of charge sharing effect as well as signal-to-background ratio at different beam energies has been made for a germanium detector equipped with and without collimator. In addition, two experimental measurements have been performed on the SAMBA beamline at SOLEIL synchrotron. The experimental data were used to set up the full simulation chain and good agreements have been observed between data and simulation.
The EXO-200 detector, part II: auxiliary systems
Authors: Ackerman N. , Albert J. , Auger M. , Auty D.J. , Badhrees I. , Barbeau P.S. , Bartoszek L. , Baussan E. , Belov V. , Benitez-Medina C. , Bhatta T. , Breidenbach M. , Brunner T. , Cao G.F. , Cen W.R. , Chambers C. , Cleveland B. , Conley R. , Cook S. , Coon M. , Craddock W. , Craycraft A. , Cree W. , Daniels T. , Darroch L. , Daugherty S.J. , Daughhetee J. , Davis C.G. , Davis J. , Delaquis S. , Der Mesrobian-Kabakian A. , deVoe R. , Didberidze T. , Dilling J. , Dobi A. , Dolgolenko A.G. , Dolinski M.J. , Dunford M. , Echevers J. , Espic L. , Fairbank W. , Fairbank D. , Farine J. , Feldmeier W. , Feyzbakhsh S. , Fierlinger P. , Fouts K. , Franco D. , Freytag D. , Fudenberg D. , Gautam P. , Giroux G. , Gornea R. , Graham K. , Gratta G. , Hagemann C. , Hall C. , Hall K. , Haller G. , Hansen E.V. , Hargrove C. , Herbst R. , Herrin S. , Hodgson J. , Hughes M. , Iverson A. , Jamil A. , Jessiman C. , Jewell M.J. , Johnson A. , Johnson T.N. , Johnston S. , Karelin A. , Kaufman L.J. , Killick R. , Koffas T. , Kravitz S. , Krücken R. , Kuchenkov A. , Kumar K.S. , Lan Y. , Larson A. , Leonard D.S. , Leonard F. , LePort F. , Li G.S. , Li S. , Li Z. , Licciardi C. , Lin Y.H. , Mackay D. , MacLellan R. , Marino M. , Martin J.-M. , Martin Y. , McElroy T. , McFarlane K. , Michel T. , Mong B. , Moore D.C. , Murray K. , Neilson R. , Nelson R. , Njoya O. , Nusair O. , O'Sullivan K. , Odian A. , Ostrovskiy I. , Ouellet C. , Piepke A. , Pocar A. , Prescott C.Y. , Pushkin K. , Retiere F. , Rivas A. , Robinson A.L. , Rollin E. , Rowson P.C. , Rozo M.P. , Runge J. , Russell J.J. , Schmidt S. , Schubert A. , Sinclair D. , Skarpaas K. , Slutsky S. , Smith E. , Soma A.K. , Stekhanov V. , Strickland V. , Swift M. , Tarka M. , Todd J. , Tolba T. , Tosi D. , Totev T.I. , Tsang R. , Twelker K. , Veenstra B. , Veeraraghavan V. , Vuilleumier J.-L. , Vuilleumier J.-M. , Wagenpfeil M. , Waite A. , Walton J. , Walton T. , Wamba K. , Watkins J. , Weber M. , Wen L.J. , Wichoski U. , Wittgen M. , Wodin J. , Wood J. , Wrede G. , Wu S.X. , Xia Q. , Yang L. , Yen Y.-R. , Zeldovich O.Ya. , Ziegler T.
Published: February 2022

The EXO-200 experiment searched for neutrinoless double-beta decay of 136Xe with a single-phase liquid xenon detector. It used an active mass of 110 kg of 80.6%-enriched liquid xenon in an ultra-low background time projection chamber with ionization and scintillation detection and readout. This paper describes the design and performance of the various support systems necessary for detector operation, including cryogenics, xenon handling, and controls. Novel features of the system were driven by the need to protect the thin-walled detector chamber containing the liquid xenon, to achieve high chemical purity of the Xe, and to maintain thermal uniformity across the detector.
Rivers running green: water hyacinth invasion monitored from space
Authors: Janssens Niels , Schreyers Louise , Biermann Lauren , van der Ploeg Martine , Bui Thanh-Khiet L , van Emmerik Tim
Published: February 2022

Water hyacinth is an aquatic free-floating plant that is highly invasive, to the extent that it is now present in most freshwater bodies in sub-tropical and tropical regions worldwide. Due to the ecological and socio-economic damages these plants can cause, monitoring their spatial coverage and seasonality is key for development of timely and efficient mitigation measures. Hyacinth patches are sufficiently large to be detectable in high-resolution satellite imagery, allowing for monitoring using freely available remote sensing data collected by platforms such as Sentinel-2. In this study, we estimated water hyacinth coverage and seasonal dynamics over three years (2018–2020) for the Saigon river, Vietnam. Using a Naïve Bayes classifier, hyacinth coverage was mapped in Sentinel-2 imagery with an accuracy of 91%. We show that the dry season (December-May) corresponds to highest water hyacinth abundance, with maximum coverage in February. Lower rainfall and relative humidity were found to be highly correlated (r = −0.56 and r = −0.64, respectively) with higher hyacinth cover. We also detected substantial interannual variability: annual means in hyacinth coverage varied by a factor of five between the 2018/2019 and 2020 yearly averages, with peak cover occurring in February 2020. The percentage of Saigon river covered by hyacinths over the entire study area peaked at 14% and reached as much as 24% for the upstream section. This confirms the prevalence of these invasive plants in the region, and the growing threat to river navigability and biodiversity. Our study provides an openly available automated workflow for long-term monitoring of hyacinth coverage, which can be scaled-up and extended to other freshwater systems. As such, it provides a step for building a large-scale monitoring tool of this highly invasive species, which may also be used for designing mitigation and reduction strategies of hyacinth and the pollutants it carries along.
How does COVID-19 affect the life cycle environmental impacts of U.S. household energy and food consumption?
Authors: Yao Yuan
Published: February 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has reduced travel but led to an increase in household food and energy consumption. Previous studies have explored the changes in household consumption of food and energy during the pandemic; however, the economy-wide environmental implications of these changes have not been investigated. This study addresses the knowledge gap by estimating the life cycle environmental impacts of U.S. households during the pandemic using a hybrid life cycle assessment. The results revealed that the reduction in travel outweighed the increase in household energy consumption, leading to a nationwide decrease in life cycle greenhouse gas emissions (−255 Mton CO2 eq), energy use (−4.46 EJ), smog formation (−9.17 Mton O3 eq), minerals and metal use (−16.1 Mton), commercial wastes (−8.31 Mton), and acidification (−226 kton SO2 eq). However, U.S. households had more life cycle freshwater withdrawals (+8.6 Gton) and slightly higher eutrophication (+0.2%), ozone depletion (+0.7%), and freshwater ecotoxicity (+2.1%) caused by increased household energy and food consumption. This study also demonstrated the environmental trade-offs between decreased food services and increased food consumption at home, resulting in diverse trends for food-related life cycle environmental impacts.
Preferences Spodoptera pectinicornis as biocontrol of water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes L.) wetland weeds to various forms of feedstock
Authors: Aphrodyanti L , Soedijo S , Millati T , Aidawati N
Published: February 2022

The dominance of water lettuce as one of the wetland weeds can cause a decrease in biodiversity in an ecosystem. Spodoptera pectinicornis can be a biological control agent for these weeds but requires a mass multiplication stage, so it is necessary to research feedstock in their augmentation. The research aimed to study the preferences and survival abilities of larvae S. pectinicornis to three forms of feed preparation made from water lettuce leaves. The research method had carried out in 2 stages (1) feedstocks form; an extracted water lettuce, mashed and cut into pieces (2) the addition of nutrients and preservatives to feedstocks. Observations had been made on the preferences and ability of the larvae to survive. The results showed that the larvae of S. pectinicornis had a preference and could survive on cut water lettuce feedstock, while in extracted and mashed died. The addition of nutrients and preservatives to the cut-up feed turned out to cause the larvae to stay away from the feed preparation and eventually die. Based on these, larvae S. pectinicornis only prefer to eat the feedstock in cutting form than enrich it with nutrients and preservatives.
Development of nested duplex PCR assays for detection of pathogen Eimeria species in cattle in Papua, Indonesia
Authors: Ekawasti F , Nashrulloh M F , Nurcahyo R W , Priyowidodo D , Prastowo J , Firdausy L W
Published: February 2022

Eimeria bovis and Eimeria zuernii are highly pathogenic Eimeria species in cattle that are the most prevalent causes of a severe clinical illness characterized by hemorrhagic diarrhea in calves and young cattle with potentially fatal effects over the world. The oocysts of a handful of the known bovine eimeriosis species are difficult to distinguish morphologically. For the specific differentiating evidence of Eimeria species, symptomatic research institutions are increasingly relying on DNA-based technologies. This research offers a duplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test based on the internal transcribed spacer-1 (ITS-1) gene that may be used to diagnose E. bovis and E. zuernii in cattle from various locations at the same time. The oocysts were concentrated and purified using a fecal harvesting method. The genomic DNA is extracted according to the instructions included with the kit. Primer pairs specific to each species, as well as a standard optimum annealing temperature of 55°C for these species, were discovered. The samples were amplified in a homogenous way, resulting in a homogeneous band ladder, revealing that the test could distinguish between two highly pathogenic Eimeria species in one tube reaction. This duplex PCR assay can detect a high pathogenic bovine Eimeria simultaneously in a rapid and low cost.
Cat viral diseases patern in Prof. Soeparwi Animal Hospital in 2017-2019
Authors: Al Hafid M K , Susetya H , Nugroho W S
Published: February 2022

Feline Panleukopenia Virus (FPV), Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP), Feline Calici Virus (FCV), and other cat’s viral diseases were reported in Indonesia. Viral diseases that appear usually appear in each season with different intensities depending on the type of virus. The research data was taken from Animal Hospital Prof. Soeparwi’s medical record in 2017-2019 along with rainfall, humidity, and temperature data in the Yogyakarta area in 2017-2019 obtained from the Climatology and Geophysics Meteorology Agency (BMKG). Disease data are grouped by diagnosis; temperature, humidity, and rainfall data. Data analysis was performed with Microsoft Excel 2016 in the form of a frequency chart and descriptive. The results of the analysis between the incidence patterns of FPV, FIP, FCV, Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis (FVR), and Papilloma with climatic conditions in the dry and rainy season periods show patterns that vary depending on the character of the virus that causes the disease. High incidence in the rainy season is seen in FPV and FCV, for FIP the incidence of each season is almost the same in each year, whereas the incidence of FVR and Papilloma can be higher in the rainy season and sometimes also can be higher in the dry season. These findings indicate that the incidence of viral diseases in cats has a seasonally based pattern of events.
Community dependence on biodiversity of food sources around the protected area of Mount Jampang forest as a form of conservation and sustainable development in Garut Regency
Authors: Wardah  , Sujarwo W , Setiawan M , Satya I A
Published: February 2022

The natural resources and the environment need to be considered the capital for national development and, at the same time, support living systems. Sustainable natural resources will ensure the availability of sustainable resources for products. In addition, a beautiful living environment will improve the quality of human life. Therefore, to realize an advanced, independent, and just Indonesia, Indonesia must manage natural resources and the environment in a balanced way to ensure the sustainability of national development. This study was conducted on communities around the forest area of Mount Jampang to reveal the crucial roles of biodiversity as food sources for the sustainability of local communities’ livelihoods on forest product resources and their conservation. In this study, the population was the communities around the forest in Garut Regency. Samples were selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using in-depth interviews. The collected data were analyzed using a descriptive qualitative method to obtain a systematic and accurate description. For the results of this study, the researchers successfully recorded 97 plant species from 49 families. These plants have dominated by Zingiberaceae and Poaceae (8 species), Araceae and Moraceae (6 species), Solanaceae (5 species), Araceae (4 species), Fabaceae, Euphorbiaceae, and Musaceae (3 species), Acanthaceae, Lauraceae, Rosaceae, Araliaceae, and Theaceae (3 species), and Smilacaceae, Chloranthaceae, Begoniaceae, Cannaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Convolvulaceae, and others (1 species). The results of plant utilization indicated that the number of wild food plants was more widely used (64.94%) than that of cultivated food plants (35.05%). It means that the community dependence on biodiversity resources around the protected forest area is sufficiently high.