bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bringing creative psychotherapies to primary NHS Mental Health Services in the UK: A feasibility study on patient and staff experiences of arts for the blues workshops delivered at Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) services
Authors: Karkou Vicky , Omylinska‐Thurston Joanna , Parsons Ailsa , Nair Kerry , Starkey Jennifer , Haslam Shelly , Thurston Scott , Marshall Linda Dubrow
Published: June 2022

There have been several arguments for the need to generate evidence‐based creative forms of psychological interventions in Improving Access to Psychological Services (IAPT), the main primary mental health provider in hospitals in England, UK. In this feasibility study, we sought to identify helpful and unhelpful factors of a new creative group psychotherapy, titled Arts for the Blues. We also wanted to find out whether the research tools used were acceptable and sensitive. We therefore engaged a group of seven patients attending an IAPT service in the North West of England, and a group of six staff working in the same service, to attend one creative workshop each, followed by a focus group. The two focus groups were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. We also collected pre‐ and post‐measures of depression (PHQ‐9) and anxiety (GAD‐7), measures commonly used in IAPT services, plus measures of well‐being (WHO‐5), the PANAS, and goal‐setting, which were considered for acceptability and sensitivity. We received largely positive responses from service users and staff in the use of creative methods in psychotherapy. Although the measures used had limitations due to the short duration of one‐off creative workshops, we found that they were sensitive enough, easy to complete and, thus, were acceptable. We concluded that Arts for the Blues is a promising intervention in IAPT, especially since it is shaped by service users and staff working in these services. Further work is needed to establish the effectiveness of this new intervention.
The professional identity of school counsellors in East and Southeast Asia
Authors: Harrison Mark Gregory
Published: June 2022

A strong counsellor professional identity is associated with the provision of more effective school counselling programmes. However, many school counsellors in East and Southeast Asia carry out wide‐ranging and poorly defined roles, occupy marginalised positions in schools, and have limited access to communities of practice and professional development. To provide more effective support for children’s well‐being, a greater focus on the professional identity of school counsellors in the region is needed. A significant task for professional school counselling organisations is the promotion of counselling in schools as an important and distinct professional role.
Biological Activity and Phytochemical Analysis of Dicranum scoparium against the Bacterial Disease for Honey Bee
Authors: Alpay Karaoğlu Şengül , Yayli Nurettin , Erik İshak , Korkmaz Büşra , Akpinar Rahşan , Bozdeveci Arif , Suyabatmaz Şeyma , Batan Nevzat , Yeşilyurt Aydın , Kaya Selma , Nisbet Cevat , Güler Ahmet
Published: June 2022

Bacterial diseases, such as American Foulbrood (AFB) and European Foulbrood (EFB), are known to have catastrophic effects on honey bees (if left to spread, can wipe out entire colonies), leading to severe financial losses in the beekeeping industry. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pharmacological properties of methanol extract and its fractions (ethyl acetate, hexane, water) derived from Dicranum scoparium Hedw., which could be utilized as a potential drug to prevent the bacterial diseases (AFB and EFB) affecting the honey bees. For this purpose, crude methanol extract and ethyl acetate/hexane/water fractions were prepared from the aerial part of D. scoparium, collected from Trabzon province. Bio‐guided fractionation of the extract and its fractions led to the first‐time isolation of five compounds. The structure of all compounds was elucidated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, ultraviolet (UV) spectral analysis, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), liquid chromatography quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectroscopy (LC‐QToF‐MS), and by comparison of their NMR data with that of literature. The analysis of these compounds revealed significant antibacterial and sporicidal activities against bacteria causing larval diseases in honey bees. The antibacterial activity of these compounds ranged from 0.6 to 60 μg/mL against AFB and EFB causing bacteria. Therefore, the natural raw extract and fractions of D. scoparium could be used as potential therapeutic agents against bacterial agents affecting honey bees.
Teens with most severe SUDs do not ‘age out’ of symptoms: NIDA
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: June 2022

Contrary to popular belief, not all adolescents with substance use disorders (SUDs) grow out of them. Those with mild SUDs may, but those with severe SUDs are likely to continue to have them and other problems in adulthood, according to a recent study.
Assessing personality traits, life balance domains, and work addiction among entrepreneurs
Authors: Therthani Sumedha , Balkin Richard S. , Perepiczka Michelle , Silva Sarah , Hunter Quentin , Juhnke Gerald A.
Published: June 2022

The association between personality traits, life balance domains, and work addiction among entrepreneurs was investigated. Multiple regression and canonical correlation analysis of 106 participants indicate a significant relationship between personality traits, life balance domains, and work addiction. In particular, neuroticism was positively related to work addiction, as suggested in earlier studies. Among all the life balance domains five of the 10 life balance domains had a significant positive relationship with work addiction: positive orientation, substance use, sleep disturbance, stress/anxiety, and friendship. Results obtained from this study will help career and mental health counselors better understand entrepreneurs’ needs and life balance domains. By identifying neuroticism and stress levels among entrepreneurs, career counselors can better understand work addiction tendencies and use appropriate interventions accordingly.
Continuous ex situ recovery of volatile monoterpenoids produced by genetically engineered Escherichia coli
Authors: Ayakar Sonal , Yadav Vikramaditya
Published: June 2022

Monoterpenoids are a large group of natural, speciality chemicals. Their global demand is surging and the use of engineered microbial hosts such as Escherichia coli is a compelling strategy to sustainably and economically produce these molecules at scale. However, most monoterpenoids are highly volatile, which presents unique challenges for their recovery. The use of biphasic fermentations employing a dodecane overlay for product capture has emerged as a popular solution to this problem. However, since the subsequent separation of the products from dodecane is exceptionally difficult, biphasic fermentations are not practical. To this end, we report the development of an extraction methodology employing a fluidized bed of an aliphatic methacrylate resin for ex situ recovery of carene that is produced by a genetically engineered strain of E. coli. The resin is suspended in water within a 3D‐printed reservoir and volatilized carene is continuously captured by sparging the gaseous outflow from the condenser of the fermenter through the reservoir. We observed that the adsorption of carene onto the resin follows the Freundlich equation and that the extraction efficiency was chiefly influenced by the rate of agitation of the fermentation broth, the volume of resin enclosed within the reservoir, and the airflow rate into the fermenter. We subsequently used a fractional factorial experimental design to identify optimal levels of each parameter and thereafter improved the extraction efficiency six‐fold over that of a dodecane overlay. Our work establishes strong foundations for the use of solid phase‐transfer separations for the continuous recovery of volatile fermentation products.
Controlling energy aware clustering and multihop routing protocol for IoT assisted wireless sensor networks
Authors: Subramani Neelakandan , Perumal Santhosh Kumar , Kallimani Jagadish Shivappa , Ulaganathan Sakthi , Bhargava Sanjay , Meckanizi Sangeetha
Published: June 2022

Because of recent breakthroughs in information technology, the Internet of Things (IoT) is becoming increasingly popular in a variety of application areas. Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are a critical component of IoT systems, and they consist of a collection of affordable and compact sensors that are utilized for data collecting. WSNs are used in a variety of IoT applications, such as surveillance, detection, and tracking systems, to sense the surroundings and transmit the information to the user's device. Smart gadgets, on the other hand, are limited in terms of resources, such as electricity, bandwidth, memory, and computation. A fundamental issue in the IoT‐based WSN is to achieve energy efficiency while also extending the network's lifetime, which is one of the limits that must be overcome. As a result, energy‐efficient clustering and routing algorithms are frequently employed in the IoT system. As a result of this inspiration, the authors of this research describe an Energy Aware Clustering and Multihop Routing Protocol with mobile sink (EACMRP‐MS) technique for IoT supported WSN. The EACMRP‐MS technique's purpose is to efficiently reduce the energy consumption of IoT sensor nodes, consequently increasing the network efficiency of the IoT system. The suggested EACMRP‐MS technique initially relies on the Tunicate Swarm Algorithm (TSA) for cluster head (CH) selection and cluster assembly, as well as the TSA. Furthermore, the type‐II fuzzy logic (T2FL) technique is used for the optimal selection of multi‐hop routes, with multiple input parameters being used to achieve this. Finally, a mobile sink with route adjustment scheme is presented to further increase the energy efficiency of the IoT system. This scheme allows for the adjustment of routes based on the trajectory of the mobile sink, which further improves the energy efficiency of the system. Using a detailed experimental analysis and simulation findings, it was discovered that the EACMRP‐MS technique outperformed the most recent state of the art methods in terms of a variety of evaluation metrics, indicating that it is a promising alternative.
Singular value decomposition‐based behavior‐aware cloud service application programming interfaces recommendation for large‐scale software cloud directory platforms
Authors: Wang Lei , Zhang Yunqiu , Zheng Xubin , Yu Qi , Chen Shuhan , Ding Junyao
Published: June 2022

With the development of Internet technology and the cloud service industry, an increasing number of application programming interfaces (APIs) hosted in the cloud has been made publicly available. To facilitate cloud service APIs vendors and buyers, some large‐scale software cloud directory platforms have been established. Nevertheless, it is difficult for users to choose for renting from a massive number of cloud service APIs with similar functionalities in a software cloud directory platform. Recent efforts in building cloud service APIs recommender systems can help address this challenge. Relevant existing recommendation approaches are designed based on requirement election techniques to identify users' preferences to the quality of service (QoS) of the APIs. In particular, users' preferences are mainly obtained through their self‐description, in which users sometimes cannot accurately and completely express their preferences. In this article, we propose SVD‐APIR, a singular value decomposition (SVD)‐based behavior‐aware cloud service APIs recommendation approach for large‐scale software cloud directory platforms. In SVD‐APIR, users' historical behavior information is captured and APIs' association information is analyzed to identify the users' potential preferences to the APIs with specific QoS. A unified SVD model is utilized to prioritize the users preferred APIs. Experimental evaluation results conducted on WS‐Dream dataset demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approach.
Genomewide Association Study of Simvastatin Pharmacokinetics
Authors: Mykkänen Anssi J. H. , Taskinen Suvi , Neuvonen Mikko , Paile‐Hyvärinen Maria , Tarkiainen E. Katriina , Lilius Tuomas , Tapaninen Tuija , Backman Janne T. , Tornio Aleksi , Niemi Mikko
Published: June 2022

We investigated genetic determinants of single‐dose simvastatin pharmacokinetics in a prospective study of 170 subjects and a retrospective cohort of 59 healthy volunteers. In a microarray‐based genomewide association study with the prospective data, the SLCO1B1 c.521T>C (p.Val174Ala, rs4149056) single nucleotide variation showed the strongest, genomewide significant association with the area under the plasma simvastatin acid concentration‐time curve (AUC; P = 6.0 × 10−10). Meta‐analysis with the retrospective cohort strengthened the association (P = 1.6 × 10−17). In a stepwise linear regression candidate gene analysis among all 229 participants, SLCO1B1 c.521T>C (P = 1.9 × 10−13) and CYP3A4 c.664T>C (p.Ser222Pro, rs55785340, CYP3A4*2, P = 0.023) were associated with increased simvastatin acid AUC. Moreover, the SLCO1B1 c.463C>A (p.Pro155Thr, rs11045819, P = 7.2 × 10−6) and c.1929A>C (p.Leu643Phe, rs34671512, P = 5.3 × 10−4) variants associated with decreased simvastatin acid AUC. Based on these results and the literature, we classified the volunteers into genotype‐predicted OATP1B1 and CYP3A4 phenotype groups. Compared with the normal OATP1B1 function group, simvastatin acid AUC was 273% larger in the poor (90% confidence interval (CI), 137%, 488%; P = 3.1 × 10−6), 40% larger in the decreased (90% CI, 8%, 83%; P = 0.036), and 67% smaller in the highly increased function group (90% CI, 46%, 80%; P = 2.4 × 10−4). Intermediate CYP3A4 metabolizers (i.e., heterozygous carriers of either CYP3A4*2 or CYP3A4*22 (rs35599367)), had 87% (90% CI, 39%, 152%, P = 6.4 × 10−4) larger simvastatin acid AUC than normal metabolizers. These data suggest that in addition to no function SLCO1B1 variants, increased function SLCO1B1 variants and reduced function CYP3A4 variants may affect the pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of simvastatin. Care is warranted if simvastatin is prescribed to patients carrying decreased function SLCO1B1 or CYP3A4 alleles.
A low‐power amplitude shift keying modulator based on adaptive body‐biased injection‐locked current‐reuse voltage controlled oscillator for high data rate radio frequency identification applications
Authors: Yasir Umair , Li Xiuping , Cao Cheng , Tao Tan
Published: June 2022

A low‐power consuming amplitude‐shift keying (ASK) modulator designed in 130 nm CMOS technology and operating at 10.5 GHz frequency is presented in this work. The modulator is based on current‐reuse voltage‐controlled oscillator (VCO) which uses the effects of adaptive body‐biasing and injection locking (IL) to achieve low‐phase noise and low‐power operation. The VCO has a phase noise of −106 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset. The ASK modulator consumes 790 μW with a 1.1 V voltage supply and draws an average current of 719 μA. For applying the bulk‐biasing signal, a deep n‐well NMOS is used in the PMOS‐NMOS oscillator pair which isolates the substrate and avoids the current path through it. The post‐layout simulation results of the 0.5 × 0.5 mm2 modulator IC verify its low‐power, low‐phase noise operation. It is intended for use in self‐powered active high data rate radio‐frequency identification (RFID) tags.
TGF‐β1 mediates pathologic changes of secondary lymphedema by promoting fibrosis and inflammation
Authors: Baik Jung Eun , Park Hyeung Ju , Kataru Raghu P. , Savetsky Ira L. , Ly Catherine L. , Shin Jinyeon , Encarnacion Elizabeth M. , Cavali Michele R. , Klang Mark G. , Riedel Elyn , Coriddi Michelle , Dayan Joseph H. , Mehrara Babak J.
Published: June 2022

Background

Secondary lymphedema is a common complication of cancer treatment, and previous studies have shown that the expression of transforming growth factor‐beta 1 (TGF‐β1), a pro‐fibrotic and anti‐lymphangiogenic growth factor, is increased in this disease. Inhibition of TGF‐β1 decreases the severity of the disease in mouse models; however, the mechanisms that regulate this improvement remain unknown.

Methods

Expression of TGF‐β1 and extracellular matrix molecules (ECM) was assessed in biopsy specimens from patients with unilateral breast cancer‐related lymphedema (BCRL). The effects of TGF‐β1 inhibition using neutralizing antibodies or a topical formulation of pirfenidone (PFD) were analyzed in mouse models of lymphedema. We also assessed the direct effects of TGF‐β1 on lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) using transgenic mice that expressed a dominant‐negative TGF‐β receptor selectively on LECs (LECDN‐RII).

Results

The expression of TGF‐β1 and ECM molecules is significantly increased in BCRL skin biopsies. Inhibition of TGF‐β1 in mouse models of lymphedema using neutralizing antibodies or with topical PFD decreased ECM deposition, increased the formation of collateral lymphatics, and inhibited infiltration of T cells. In vitro studies showed that TGF‐β1 in lymphedematous tissues increases fibroblast, lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC), and lymphatic smooth muscle cell stiffness. Knockdown of TGF‐β1 responsiveness in LECDN‐RII resulted in increased lymphangiogenesis and collateral lymphatic formation; however, ECM deposition and fibrosis persisted, and the severity of lymphedema was indistinguishable from controls.

Conclusions

Our results show that TGF‐β1 is an essential regulator of ECM deposition in secondary lymphedema and that inhibition of this response is a promising means of treating lymphedema.
Effects of an attachment‐based intervention on autonomic regulation among opioid‐exposed infants
Authors: Tabachnick Alexandra R. , Eiden Rina Das , Labella Madelyn H. , Dozier Mary
Published: June 2022

Little is known about whether postnatal intervention enhances autonomic regulation among infants at risk for dysregulation due to prenatal opioid exposure. The present study evaluated the effects of modified Attachment Behavioral Catch‐up (mABC) on autonomic regulation for opioid‐exposed infants in a pilot randomized clinical trial. We hypothesized that, compared to a control intervention (modified Developmental Education for Families [mDEF]), mABC would be associated with higher resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and pre‐ejection period (PEP) as well as greater reactivity to and recovery from a social stressor (Still‐Face Paradigm). Pregnant or peripartum women receiving opioid agonist therapy (61 mothers of 64 infants; final N = 36 infants) were randomly assigned to mABC or mDEF, 12‐session home visiting programs beginning in the third trimester; mABC targets sensitive parenting, and mDEF targets cognitive and motor development. mABC was associated with significantly greater RSA reactivity and marginally greater PEP reactivity. In models accommodating missing data, mABC was additionally associated with significantly greater RSA recovery. In sensitivity analyses removing siblings, mABC predicted significantly enhanced PEP reactivity. Overall, in these preliminary analyses, mABC was associated with healthier autonomic regulation during a social stressor than mDEF. Thus, mABC may be a promising strategy to promote autonomic regulation among opioid‐exposed infants through parenting intervention.
U.S. Supreme Court holds that compensatory damages for emotional distress not available under Section 504, Title IX, Title VI
Authors: Charmatz Marc
Published: June 2022

In a 6–3 decision authored by Chief Justice Roberts, the United States Supreme Court held that compensatory damages for emotional distress are not available under Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act, Title VI of the Civil Rights Act 1964, and Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 (Cummings v. Premier Rehab Keller, 2022 WL 1243658 (April 28, 2022)). This decision is a major blow to the civil rights community and has profound impact on postsecondary educational institutions.
The role of Hippo‐YAP/TAZ signaling in brain development
Authors: Terry Bethany K. , Kim Seonhee
Published: June 2022

In order for our complex nervous system to develop normally, both precise spatial and temporal regulation of a number of different signaling pathways is critical. During both early embryogenesis and in organ development, one pathway that has been repeatedly implicated is the Hippo‐YAP/TAZ signaling pathway. The paralogs YAP and TAZ are transcriptional co‐activators that play an important role in cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and organ growth. Regulation of these proteins by the Hippo kinase cascade is therefore important for normal development. In this article, we review the growing field of research surrounding the role of Hippo‐YAP/TAZ signaling in normal and atypical brain development. Starting from the development of the neural tube to the development and refinement of the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and ventricular system, we address the typical role of these transcriptional co‐activators, the functional consequences that manipulation of YAP/TAZ and their upstream regulators have on brain development, and where further research may be of benefit.
Metabarcoding analysis of different portions of the digestive tract of scorpions (Scorpiones, Arachnida) following a controlled diet regime shows long prey DNA half‐life
Authors: Simone Yuri , Chaves Cátia , van der Meijden Arie , Egeter Bastian
Published: June 2022

Molecular analysis of gut content is one of the widest used methods to investigate diet in arthropods. Stomach content analysis in some arthropods is particularly difficult, e.g., in arachnids, because they have external digestion and a low foraging frequency. Scorpions have a particularly low feeding frequency, and their diet information is scarce. In this work we explore a DNA metabarcoding approach to detect prey DNA in Vietnamese forest scorpions (Heterometrus laoticus) under a controlled diet regime. A different type of prey (crickets, mealworms, and cockroaches) was offered once every 3 weeks for a total of 9 weeks. To assess the most suitable part of the digestive system and extraction method to use for molecular diet analysis, we separately analyzed three different portions of the digestive tract of scorpions (mid‐gut, hepatopancreas, and hindgut) using two different extraction methods (salt‐out method and a customized beads‐based protocol). We calculated the detectability half‐life of the prey DNA for each digestive tract section. We detected all three targeted prey items, showing that in scorpions multiple predation events can be distinguished in the same specimen within its last 9 weeks of foraging activity. The hepatopancreas was the portion of the digestive tract that provided the best prey detection and the longest DNA detectability half‐life (51 days), followed by the mid‐gut (22 days) and the hindgut (16 days). We found no significant difference between the extraction methods used. However, the salt‐out method was less effective in some of the PCRs and is therefore not recommended for molecular diet analysis.
The impact of different intensities and domains of physical activity on analgesic use and activity limitation in people with low back pain: A prospective cohort study with a one‐year followup
Authors: Patterson Thomas G. , Beckenkamp Paula R. , Ferreira Manuela , Bauman Adrian , Carvalho‐e‐Silva Ana Paula , Ferreira Lucas Calais , Ferreira Paulo H.
Published: June 2022

Background

Analgesics are the most common form of managing low back pain (LBP). No previous study has examined which domains and intensities of physical activity are most beneficial in reducing the frequency of analgesic use for LBP and its related activity limitation.

Methods

This cohort study forms part of the AUstralian Twin low BACK pain study, investigating the impact of physical activity on LBP. Information on demographics, LBP and health‐related factors, including physical activity, were collected at baseline. Data on the total counts of analgesic use and activity limitation for LBP were collected weekly for one‐year. Negative binomial regression models were conducted separately for each type of physical activity. Results were presented as incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results

From an initial sample of 366 participants, 86 participants reported counts of analgesic use and 140 recorded counts of activity limitation across the follow‐up period. The negative binomial regression models for analgesic use counts indicated that engagement in moderate‐vigorous physical activity was protective for use of analgesics (IRR 0.97, 95% CI 0.96–0.99), while physical workload was associated with greater use (IRR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01–1.05). No other significant relationships were observed for the other measures of physical activity. For activity limitation counts, engagement in leisure activity was associated with less counts of activity limitation (IRR 0.94, 95% CI 0.81–0.99), while greater amounts of sedentary time was associated with higher counts (IRR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01–1.09). No other significant relationships were observed for the other measures of physical activity.

Conclusions

Our findings highlight the potential importance of supporting engagement in moderate–vigorous and leisure physical activity as well as minimizing sedentary time and physical workload to reduce the risk of activity limitation and the need for analgesic use in people with LBP.

Significance

We examined which domains and intensities of physical activity are most beneficial in reducing the frequency of analgesic use for low back pain and its related activity limitation. Engaging in moderate–vigorous and leisure physical activity as well as minimizing sedentary time and physical workload has the potential to reduce the risk of activity limitation and the need for analgesic use in people with low back pain.
Graphene decorated LiMn2O4 electrode material for hybrid type energy storage devices
Authors: Mandal Debabrata , Bharti Lalit , Biswas Sudipta , Chandra Amreesh
Published: June 2022

Lithium‐ion capacitors (LICs) are becoming useful owing to their high energy and power densities. LICs show enhance capacitance than electric double‐layer capacitance (EDLC) and pseudocapacitors, due to their battery electrode material, which can operate over a higher voltage window. LiMn2O4 is fast emerging electrode material for energy storage devices. The major limitation associated with it is the low conductivity. Therefore, to simultaneously improve the electrical conductivity as well as the electrochemical performance, a novel strategy of decoration LiMn2O4 with graphene is being proposed. Graphene will improve electrical conductivity while contributing to EDLC and pseudocapacitance values. A cost‐effective synthesis protocol is utilized to obtain conical pyramid‐type particles. These particles were thoroughly characterized using a large number of experimental techniques. Cyclic voltammetry and charge‐discharge measurements were used to evaluate the electrochemical characteristics, in 0.0 to 1.2 V stable window, using 1M LiOH electrolyte. Graphene decorated LiMn2O4 electrode show improved cyclic stability and higher specific capacitances 250 F/g in comparison to LiMn2O4 electrode. The cycling stability of the electrode was above 90% up to 3000 cycles at a higher current density.
Delivering health programs for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children: Carer and staff views on what's important
Authors: Chando Shingisai , Dickson Michelle , Howell Martin , Tong Allison , Craig Jonathan C. , Slater Kym , Smith Natalie , Nixon Janice , Eades Sandra J. , Howard Kirsten
Published: June 2022

Background

The lack of evidence on the priorities of carers and their Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children undermines decisions to improve participant experiences and engagement.

Aims

This study describes carer and staff perspectives on the aspects of health services delivery that are important to carers and children.

Methods

Nineteen carers of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children and 17 staff who work at child health programs across two urban Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services (ACCHSs) and affiliate organisations in New South Wales, Australia participated in semi‐structured interviews. We used thematic analysis to analyse the data.

Results

We identified five themes: valuing relational communication (building trust by keeping relationships at the centre, empowered to optimise child's development, feeling heard and known); confidence in provider's clinical and interpersonal skills (certain that the health issue will be resolved, engaging with the child to allay fears, facilitating timely health care); finding comfort and security in community embedded services (safety and acceptance in the familiar, strengthening child's connection to culture); support to access and navigate health services (accessible information appropriately presented, easy and flexible scheduling, easing the shame of financial hardship); sustaining service use (fulfilling expectations for service standards, demonstrating commitment through ongoing programs, clarity of benefits).

Conclusions

Carers and staff reported that approaches to communication, the content of that communication, how access is facilitated and the service environment managed influences their decisions to interact with health services. With these data decision‐makers can better focus resources to improve experiences with their services.
Flexible and highly‐sensitive pressure sensor based on controllably oxidized MXene
Authors: Ma Yanan , Cheng Yongfa , Wang Jian , Fu Si , Zhou Mengjun , Yang Yue , Li Baowen , Zhang Xin , Nan Ce‐Wen
Published: June 2022

Conductive Ti3C2Tx MXenes have been widely investigated for the construction of flexible and highly‐sensitive pressure sensors. Although the inevitable oxidation of solution‐processed MXene has been recognized, the effect of the irreversible oxidation of MXene on its electrical conductivity and sensing properties is yet to be understood. Herein, we construct a highly‐sensitive and degradable piezoresistive pressure sensor by coating Ti3C2Tx MXene flakes with different degrees of in situ oxidation onto paper substrates using the dipping‐drying method. In situ oxidation can tune the intrinsic resistance and expand the interlayer distance of MXene nanosheets. The partially oxidized MXene‐based piezoresistive pressure sensor exhibits a high sensitivity of 28.43 kPa−1, which is greater than those of pristine MXene, over‐oxidized MXene, and state‐of‐the‐art paper‐based pressure sensors. Additionally, these sensors exhibit a short response time of 98.3 ms, good durability over 5000 measurement cycles, and a low force detection limit of 0.8 Pa. Moreover, MXene‐based sensing elements are easily degraded and environmentally friendly. The MXene‐based pressure sensor shows promise for practical applications in tracking body movements, sports coaching, remote health monitoring, and human–computer interactions.

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Market operating leverage and expected stock returns
Authors: Taussig Roi D.
Published: June 2022

This article's main goal is to analyze the impact of market operating leverage (OL) on expected stock returns. While OL has been analyzed substantially in the literature, the analysis of an aggregate measure is new. The article begins with a cross‐section analysis of 184,280 firm‐year US firms, after which a former literature analysis is confirmed with current data. Next, an Aggregate Operating Leverage (AOL) is constructed. AOL predicts market returns both in and out of sample. Moreover, AOL significantly predicts the S&P500 Index, which is also of great consequence to practitioners.
A bifunctional carbon catalyst with Cl and SO3H groups for hydrolyzing furfural residue to levulinic acid
Authors: Zhang Shuaibin , Yan Bochao , Chen Zhihui , Zhang Suping
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Levulinic acid, an important platform compound, is extensively used in textiles, dyes, antifreeze, animal feed, solvents and food additives. However, the use of lignocellulosic biomass to produce levulinic acid is difficult because of poor accessibility to cellulose and low hydrolytic yield. Thus a viable hydrolysis strategy and a suitable catalyst must be developed.

RESULTS

In this study, a bifunctional solid acid catalyst (HTC‐SO3H) containing both cellulose binding sites (Cl, COOH and OH) and catalytic sites (SO3H) was prepared by a carbonization–grafting–oxidization method. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared characterization confirmed the existence of Cl and the successful modification of the SO3H grafted hydrothermal carbon. The hydrogen bonds formed between cellulose and the binding sites (Cl, OH and COOH) in the catalyst showed synergistic effects with the catalytic sites (SO3H), leading to efficient hydrolysis of the furfural residue. A total of 74.81% (non‐magnetic) and 70.18% (magnetic) levulinic acid yields were obtained after hydrolysis at 190 °C and 180 min in γ‐valerolactone–H2O (1:1, v/v). Magnetic catalysts were synthesized using a co‐precipitation method. Catalysts were recycled without any obvious reduction in catalytic activity.

CONCLUSION

Using sucralose as a raw material, the as‐synthesized bifunctional solid acid catalyst improved the accessibility to cellulose and increased levulinic acid yield. Moreover, the grafted SO3H formed by hydroxyl hydration condensation exhibited superior stability. This study provides a valuable strategy for the efficient hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
A comparison of soil Staphylococcus aureus and fecal indicator bacteria concentrations across land uses in a Hawaiian watershed
Authors: Gerken Tyler , Wiegner Tracy N. , Economy Louise M.
Published: June 2022

Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin‐resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and fecal indicator bacteria (FIB; Enterococcus spp., Clostridium perfringens) concentrations increase in Hawaiian streams and estuaries following storms and pose a health threat to recreational water users. To reduce this risk, watershed bacteria sources need to be identified for management actions. This study's goals were to identify soil bacteria sources among different land uses and to determine if their concentrations were associated with different soil properties. Soil samples were collected three times on 24 d between October 2017 and November 2018 at urban, agriculture, and native‐forest land uses in the Hilo Bay watershed, Hawaiʻi Island, Hawaiʻi. Soil bacteria concentrations were quantified using culturing techniques with selective media. Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, and FIB were present in soil from all land uses. Bacteria concentrations were highest in urban soils and lowest in native‐forest soils, with up to three orders of magnitude differences among land uses. Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, and FIB soil concentrations were positively correlated with each other and with soil temperature and pH, but inversely correlated with soil moisture and organic matter content. Our results demonstrate that soils are a watershed bacteria source and that some soil properties affect their concentrations. Identifying these sources is critical for implementing management actions to reduce pathogen loads to estuaries and transmission to recreational water users.
多彩な免疫再構築症候群の症状を呈した重症COVID–19の1例(Various IRIS–like symptoms following severe COVID–19 infection: a case report)
Authors: (Yusuke Minagawa) 皆川 裕祐 , (Yoshihiro Hagiwara) 萩原 祥弘 , (Ayami Sato) 佐藤 綾美 , (Wataru Kasahara) 笠原 道 , (Takaomi Kobayashi) 小林 孝臣 , (Kensuke Fujita) 藤田 健亮 , (Takayuki Ogura) 小倉 崇以
Published: June 2022

薬剤性過敏症症候群（drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms: DRESS）は，臓器障害を伴う重症薬疹の一つであり発生機序において免疫再構築症候群（immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: IRIS）の病態が関与していると考えられている。今回我々は，新型コロナウイルス感染症（coronavirus disease 2019: COVID–19）による重症肺炎の治療過程においてDRESSをIRISの一病態として発症したと考えられる一症例を報告する。症例は56歳の男性。重症COVID–19の治療のために第1病日よりVV–ECMO管理を行った。人工呼吸器関連肺炎を来し第3～6病日にメロペネムを使用した。その後も多剤耐性緑膿菌による肺膿瘍やEnterobacter cloacae菌血症を来したが，約1か月でVV–ECMOを離脱した。その後第37病日に播種状紅斑丘疹型の皮疹を呈し，発熱・頻脈・血圧低下・急性腎障害を来しRegiSCARの基準からDRESSと診断された。DRESSの被疑薬として薬剤リンパ球刺激試験の結果からメロペネムを疑った。ステロイド投与を開始し血行動態は安定し，皮疹や腎障害も改善したがステロイドの漸減開始後に汎発性帯状疱疹・Ramsay–Hunt症候群を続けて合併したため再度ステロイドを増量し症状は寛解に向かった。一連の経過より重症COVID–19の回復期にIRISの一病態として発症したDRESSおよびVZVの再活性化と考えられた。重症COVID–19の回復期においては，IRISの病態の存在を念頭に，ステロイドの適切な使用とその後の慎重な減量を行うことが望ましいと考えられた。
Treatment failure patterns are similar between p16− and p16+ oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Hamill Chelsea S. , Muller Richard Grant , Clancy Kate , Vu Brandon , Gui Shanying , Thuener Jason Eric , Wasman Jay , Li Shawn , Fowler Nicole , Rezaee Rod , Lavertu Pierre , Teknos Theodoros N. , Pan Quintin , O'Neill Wendi Quinn
Published: June 2022

Background

The incidence of p16+ oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) has been increasing. The notion that p16+ OPSCC has a propensity for atypical and disseminating metastasis has gained traction. We compared treatment failure patterns in p16+ and p16− OPSCC and evaluated survival impact.

Methods

Retrospective analysis of patients with recurrent/metastatic OPSCC disease between 1/2009 and 12/2019.

Results

Thirty‐eight p16+ and 36 p16− patients were identified. Three distinct failure patterns (distant vs. locoregional, atypical vs. typical, and disseminating vs. non‐disseminating) were studied. No significant differences were found between p16+ and p16− patients. Multivariate analysis showed p16 status was an independent prognostic biomarker; p16+ patients have a favorable overall survival compared to p16− patients (HR 0.34, 95% CI 0.16–0.77; P = .005).

Conclusions

We challenge the view that p16+ OPSCC exhibits a distinctive treatment failure pattern and showed that p16 status impacts patient survival independent of disease progression.
Determination of adulteration, geographical origins, and species of food by mass spectrometry
Authors: Chien Han‐Ju , Zheng Yi‐Feng , Wang Wei‐Chen , Kuo Cheng‐Yu , Hsu Yu‐Ming , Lai Chien‐Chen
Published: June 2022

Food adulteration, mislabeling, and fraud, are rising global issues. Therefore, a number of precise and reliable analytical instruments and approaches have been proposed to ensure the authenticity and accurate labeling of food and food products by confirming that the constituents of foodstuffs are of the kind and quality claimed by the seller and manufacturer. Traditional techniques (e.g., genomics‐based methods) are still in use; however, emerging approaches like mass spectrometry (MS)‐based technologies are being actively developed to supplement or supersede current methods for authentication of a variety of food commodities and products. This review provides a critical assessment of recent advances in food authentication, including MS‐based metabolomics, proteomics and other approaches.
Norcantharidin promotes cancer radiosensitization through Cullin1 neddylation‐mediated CDC6 protein degradation
Authors: Deng Tanggang , Zhu Qianling , Xie Lin , Liu Youhong , Peng Yuchong , Yin Linglong , Gao Yingxue , Cao Tuoyu , Fu Yuxin , Qi Xuli , Zhang Songwei , Peng Yongbo , Hou Youxiang , Li Xiong
Published: June 2022

Radiotherapy (RT) is a conventional cancer therapeutic modality. However, cancer cells tend to develop radioresistance after a period of treatment. Diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for radiosensitivity are severely lacking. Our recently published studies demonstrated that the cell division cycle (CDC6) is a critical molecule contributing to radioresistance, and maybe a potential therapeutic target to overcome radioresistance. In the present study, we for the first time reported that Norcantharidin (NCTD), a demethylated form of cantharidin, re‐sensitized radioresistant cancer cells to overcome radioresistance, and synergistically promoted irradiation (IR)‐induced cell killing and apoptosis by inducing CDC6 protein degradation. Mechanistically, NCTD induced CDC6 protein degradation through the ubiquitin‐proteasome pathways. By using small interfering RNA (siRNA) interference or small compound inhibitors, we further determined that NCTD induced CDC6 protein degradation through a neddylation‐dependent pathway, but not through Huwe1, Cyclin F, and APC/C‐mediated ubiquitin‐proteasome pathways. We screened the six most relevant Cullin subunits (CUL1, 2, 3, 4A, 4B, and 5) using siRNAs. The knockdown of Cullin1 but not the other five cullins remarkably elevated CDC6 protein levels. NCTD promoted the binding of Cullin1 to CDC6, thereby promoting CDC6 protein degradation through a Cullin1 neddylation‐mediated ubiquitin‐proteasome pathway. NCTD can be used in combination with radiotherapy to achieve better anticancer efficacy, or work as a radiosensitizer to overcome cancer radioresistance.
Exponential stability of Rayleigh beam equation on a star‐shaped network with indefinite damping
Authors: Bouallagui Zied , Jellouli Mohamed
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we study the stability of the Rayleigh beam equation on a star‐shaped network with indefinite sign damping terms. We prove that the system is well posed via the semigroup theory. Then, by a detailed spectral analysis of the system operator, we provide a necessary condition for the distribution of the spectrum, the completeness and the Riesz basis property of the eigenfunctions of the operator as well as the asymptotic stability of the system. Moreover, we discuss how the stability of the system depends on the sign of damping terms. More precisely, we obtain a condition on the negativity degree of the damping coefficients in order that the system always remains exponentially stable.
Study on impact resistance of Nano‐SiO2 reinforced STG/Kevlar composites
Authors: Lin Huan , Chen Guojing , Li Wanli , Cai Lihai , Liu Wenyan
Published: June 2022

As a flexible protective material, shear thickening gel (STG)/Kevlar composite still has great potential to improve its impact resistance. In this paper, a novel STG/SiO2/Kevlar flexible protective composite was prepared by impregnating STG/SiO2 into Kevlar. Due to the excellent SiO2 enhancement effect, the STG/SiO2/Kevlar exhibited a higher safeguarding property than the STG/Kevlar. The maximum yarn pull‐out force of STG/SiO2/Kevlar reached 61.7 N, which was higher than the 41.9 N of STG/Kevlar. The uniform puncture results showed that the maximum bearing capacity of STG/Kevlar and STG/SiO2/Kevlar increased by 116.8% and 215.3%, respectively, compared with pure Kevlar. The impact test results indicated that 20 layers of STG/SiO2/Kevlar could not be penetrated by the knife stab and 24 layers of STG/SiO2/Kevlar could not be penetrated by 7.62 mm pistol bullets. Finally, the enhancement mechanism of impact resistance of STG/SiO2/Kevlar composites was studied.
Reassessment of different flat TCO integrated reflectors for the crystalline silicon solar PV module in view of its longer operational life
Authors: Agrawal Monika , Chowdhury Amartya
Published: June 2022

In the present simulation work with experimental validation, the performance of a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) film‐coated spectrally selective reflector in the low‐concentrated photovoltaic application has been analysed. The use of mirrors in solar photovoltaic (PV) applications is a well‐established thing. However, it increases the operating temperature and requires more thermally stable, expensive solar modules. In this regard, for the first time, commercially available TCO‐coated glasses such as fluorine‐doped tin oxide (FTO) and indium tin oxide (ITO) have been integrated with mirrors. The spectrally selective reflector is a promising technology to achieve a high‐power yield from the commercially available crystalline silicon photovoltaic (C‐Si PV) module during its lifetime. They have the property to absorb unwanted photons in the region of the AM1.5 spectrum (1200 to 2000 nm), which partially thermalises the solar module through plasmonic absorption. The present study found that the proposed approach helps to restrict the increase in PV module temperature caused by the reflected rays from a mirror. The electrical performance of a standalone C‐Si PV was compared with that of the same system after the addition of FTO, ITO and a conventional mirror system. Our analysis indicates that, with the mirror integration, the degradation rate can increase to 1.5% per year if the standalone PV module's ageing rate is 0.8% per year. Through FTO incorporation with the same, the ageing rate has been reduced by up to 1.18% per year due to a reduction in temperature. This result is quite interesting, considering that spectrally selective reflectors do not stop high‐energy photons from thermalizing the PV module. The entire work has been done on commercially available materials, which makes it easier and ready to be implemented in large PV plants.

Highlights

A spectrally selective mirror for PV power boosting.

Transparent conductive oxide (TCO) glass integration with mirror reduces the IR concentration approximately 50%.

The reduction in thermalisation of PV module from the mirror by 3–5°C.

This integration increases the PV module operational life by at least 4 years compared with commercial mirror.
Comparing the cost–benefit probability of management based on early‐stage and late‐stage economic thresholds with that of seed treatment of Aphis glycines
Authors: Xu Lei , Zhao Tong‐Hua , Xing Xing , Xu Guo‐Qing
Published: June 2022

Background

The current integrated pest management (IPM) curative strategy for soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), relies on responsive spraying foliar insecticides during the R1–R5 soybean stage when aphid abundance reaches the economic threshold (ET) of 250 aphids plant−1 (traditional IPM). By analyzing the relationship between aphid abundance and yield loss before the R1 stage, we developed an early‐stage ET. We propose to spray foliar insecticides on plants colonized with aphids using the early‐stage ET as a trigger (improved IPM), together with seed treatment to manage A. glycines and delay them exceeding the ET of 250 aphids plant−1 in the late stage for whole‐field spraying (traditional IPM). Finally, we compared the cost–benefit probabilities of the three management approaches.

Results

The early‐stage ET over all potential yields, market prices, and control costs was 64 aphids plant−1, providing growers 7 days of preparation time to spray foliar insecticides before the economic injury level of 187 aphids plant−1 was reached. Improved IPM achieved the highest cost–benefit probabilities followed by traditional IPM, and the seed treatment achieved the lowest. However, in fields where the pressure from white grubs was high, the probability of achieving a positive net return with seed treatment was higher than that in other locations.

Conclusion

Improved IPM based on early‐stage ET of 64 aphids plant−1 was the most cost‐effective of all the three approaches. Neonicotinoid seed treatment can be applied as an insurance strategy to supplement A. glycines IPM in Liaoning, China. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.