bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Competing Projects in Global Governance
Authors: Slobodian Quinn
Published: September 2023

The twentieth century is a fascinating time to follow the relationship between global governance and firms because of the persistent tension between principles of mass democracy and private ownership and control. It is possible to narrate the entire century as a series of contestations between firms and international organizations. At times, firms have had the upper hand. At other times, the principle of popular sovereignty has threatened the self-perceived rights and prerogatives of business. In my own work, I have homed in on ruptures at two main points.
Egyptians, Aliens, and Okies: Against the Sum of Averages
Authors: Tarsney Christian , Geruso Michael , Spears Dean
Published: September 2023

Grill (2023) defends the sum of averages view (SAV), on which the value of a population is found by summing the average welfare of each generation or birth cohort. A major advantage of SAV, according to Grill, is that it escapes the Egyptology objection to average utilitarianism. But, we argue, SAV escapes only the most literal understanding of this objection, since it still allows the value of adding a life to depend on facts about other, intuitively irrelevant lives. Moreover, SAV has a decisive drawback not shared with either average or total utilitarianism: it can evaluate an outcome in which every individual is worse off as better overall, even when exactly the same people exist in both outcomes. These problems, we argue, afflict not only Grill's view but any view that uses a sum of subpopulation averages, apart from the limiting cases of average and total utilitarianism.
Preparedness Behavior and the apocalypse: religion and politics in the post 2020 election era
Authors: Adkins Jason , Djupe Paul A. , Neiheisel Jacob R.
Published: September 2023

Research on disaster preparedness finds little connection between religious variables, such as beliefs surrounding the end of the world (apocalypticism), and physical preparations (e.g., having three days of food and water stored). In light of rhetoric from evangelical elites urging the faithful to prepare for the apocalypse given recent events, such as the 2020 election, we sought to re-evaluate the connection between physical preparations for difficult times and religious variables including Christian nationalism, apocalypticism, church attendance, and the belief that Christians are being persecuted in the country. Results from an original survey conducted in early 2021 reveal a strong positive association between apocalypticism and measures of disaster preparedness. Other religious variables (Christian nationalism, in particular) do not always relate to preparedness behavior in expected ways. While it remains unclear what role, if any, Christian elites played in convincing the faithful to prepare not only their souls for the apocalypse, but also their pantries, it is evident that apocalyptic beliefs track with physical preparedness behavior.
E-band backhaul antenna for fine beam alignment
Authors: Mustacchio Carmine , Arnieri Emilio , Amendola Giandomenico , Fonte Alessandro , Maggiora Riccardo , Boccia Luigi
Published: September 2023

An E-band Cassegrain switched beam high-gain antenna concept for 5G backhauling systems is proposed in this article. The antenna requirements target the compensation of small misalignments (within ±1 degrees in both azimuth and elevation planes) in E-band backhauling links due to adverse weather conditions or thermal deformations. The intended antenna is able to realize beam-switching operations by using a feed-array architecture based on a 7 × 7 array of cavity-backed magnetoelectric (ME) dipoles, where every element is capable of providing a steering of ±0.33 degrees in both the elevation and the azimuth planes. The ME dipole illuminators combined with a Cassegrain reflector provide a gain of 52 dBi within the whole scanning range. Besides, they can be easily integrable with the front-end modules, thus being an easily implementable and low-cost alternative to other more complex solutions based on horns or lens antennas.
Stand der Umsetzung des simulationsbasierten Lehrens in Deutschland
Authors: Forbrig Theresa Adele , Gellert Paul , Biniok Maria , Gräske Johannes
Published: September 2023

Zusammenfassung. Hintergrund: Die Bedeutung der Simulationslehre für den Bildungsbereich Pflege wächst. Der Erfolg ist abhängig von der Qualifikation der Lehrenden und der Nutzung von Standards. Bislang fehlen Daten zum Stand der Umsetzung der Simulationslehre in der Pflegebildung in Deutschland. Fragestellung: Welches Qualifikationsniveau zeigen Simulationslehrende in der Pflege(aus)bildung in Deutschland und welche Konzepte und Standards kommen zum Einsatz? Methoden: Eine Querschnittserhebung unter Simulationslehrenden in drei Bildungsbereichen wurde durchgeführt. Der Fragebogen umfasste soziodemografische Merkmale, absolvierte Qualifizierungsmaßnahmen sowie angewandte Konzepte und Standards. Die Daten wurden deskriptiv mittels Bestimmung arithmetischer Mittelwerte zuzüglich Standardabweichung (SD) oder absoluter und relativer Häufigkeiten ausgewertet. Ergebnisse: Insgesamt haben 156 Simulationslehrende (Durchschnittsalter 41,5 (SD 9,8) Jahre, 74,2% weiblich) teilgenommen. 95,4% der Teilnehmer_innen gaben an, (sehr) hoch für die Simulationslehre motiviert zu sein. Eine spezifische simulationspädagogische Ausbildung haben 16,8% der Teilnehmer_innen absolviert. Die Anwendung evidenzbasierter Konzepte erfolgt nicht flächendeckend. Schlussfolgerungen: Vor dem Hintergrund internationaler Standards zeigt sich Qualifizierungsbedarf bei den Simulationslehrenden in Deutschland. Eine verstärkte spezifische, standardisierte Fort- und Weiterbildung sowie die Etablierung evidenzbasierter Konzepte sind wichtige Bausteine für eine hohe Qualität in der Simulationslehre.
The Westward Drift of Jupiter's Polar Cyclones Explained by a Center‐of‐Mass Approach
Authors: Gavriel Nimrod , Kaspi Yohai
Published: September 2023

The first orbits around Jupiter of the Juno spacecraft in 2016 revealed a symmetric structure of multiple cyclones that remained stable over the next 5 years. Trajectories of individual cyclones indicated a consistent westward circumpolar motion around both poles. In this paper, we propose an explanation for this tendency using the concept of beta‐drift and a “center‐of‐mass” approach. We suggest that the motion of these cyclones as a group can be represented by an equivalent sole cyclone, which is continuously pushed by beta‐drift poleward and westward, embodying the westward motion of the individual cyclones. We support our hypothesis with 2D model simulations and observational evidence, demonstrating this mechanism for the westward drift. This study joins consistently with previous studies that revealed how aspects of these cyclones result from vorticity‐gradient forces, shedding light on the physical nature of Jupiter's polar cyclones.
Quantifying the Extent of Authigenic Carbonate Formation in Shallow Marine Sediments Through a Correlation Between Carbonate Precipitation Rate and Sulfate Flux
Authors: Hu Yu , Luo Min , Peckmann Jörn , Zhang Xinxin , Chen Linying , Feng Junxi , Liang Qianyong , Chen Duofu , Feng Dong
Published: September 2023

The accumulation of authigenic carbonate in marine sediments has been regarded as a significant contributor to the carbon cycle over Earth's history. However, accurate quantification of the extent of authigenic carbonate formation in both modern and ancient oceans has been challenging due to limited approaches. Here, we analyzed calcium, magnesium, dissolved inorganic carbon, and alkalinity pore‐water profiles of 153 sites influenced by methane diffusion from the northern South China Sea. By combining these data with published data of diffusive sulfate flux, we found a significant positive correlation between carbonate precipitation rate and sulfate flux in the subseafloor. This correlation can be used to quantify the regional extent of authigenic carbonate formation, representing an advantage over a spatial interpolation approach. We therefore propose that the observed correlation can serve as a new approach for quantifying authigenic carbonate formation in shallow sediments along continental margins for both modern and ancient oceans.
Warm Clouds Biases in CMIP6 Models Linked to Indirect Effects of Falling Ice‐Radiation Interactions Over the Tropical and Subtropical Pacific
Authors: Li Jui‐Lin F. , Xu Kuan‐Man , Lee Wei‐Liang , Jiang Jonathan H. , Tsai Yu‐Cian , Yu Jia‐Yuh , Fetzer Eric , Wu Longtao , Stephens Graeme
Published: September 2023

We examine the spatial distributions of CMIP6‐simulated cloud liquid water path (CLWP) and content (CLWC) against MODIS and CloudSat synthesized data over the tropical and subtropical Pacific. Three subsets of models are categorized based on their treatments of frozen ice‐radiative interactions. CLWP/CLWC are generally well simulated in subset with separately‐calculated radiative effects of cloud ice and falling ice (SON2). Too much warm clouds above 750 hPa are produced in either subset with total frozen ice radiative effects (SON1) or subset without radiative effects of falling ice (NOS) and thus CLWP/CLWC are overestimated over the open ocean including the trade‐wind regions. Stratocumulus clouds off the coasts of North and South America are severely underestimated in NOS models. We attribute the overestimates of clouds above the trade‐wind boundary layers to anomalous ascending motion associated with warmer sea surface temperature and weaker surface wind stress linked to indirect effects of falling ice‐radiation interactions.
Microbial controls over soil priming effects under chronic nitrogen and phosphorus additions in subtropical forests
Authors: Li Jian , Liu Zhan-Feng , Jin Ming-Kang , Zhang Wei , Lambers Hans , Hui Dafeng , Liang Chao , Zhang Jing , Wu Donghai , Sardans Jordi , Peñuelas Josep , Petticord Daniel F , Frey David W , Zhu Yong-Guan
Published: September 2023

The soil priming effect (PE), defined as the modification of soil organic matter decomposition by labile carbon (C) inputs, is known to influence C storage in terrestrial ecosystems. However, how chronic nutrient addition, particularly in leguminous and non-leguminous forests, will affect PE through interaction with nutrient (e.g., nitrogen and phosphorus) availability is still unclear. Therefore, we collected soils from leguminous and non-leguminous subtropical plantations across a suite of historical nutrient addition regimes. We added 13C-labeled glucose to investigate how background soil nutrient conditions and microbial communities affect priming and its potential microbial mechanisms. Glucose addition increased soil organic matter decomposition and prompted positive priming in all soils, regardless of dominant overstory tree species or fertilizer treatment. In non-leguminous soil, only combined nitrogen and phosphorus addition led to a higher positive priming than the control. Conversely, soils beneath N-fixing leguminous plants responded positively to P addition alone, as well as to joint NP addition compared to control. Using DNA stable-isotope probing, high-throughput quantitative PCR, enzyme assays and microbial C substrate utilization, we found that positive PE was associated with increased microbial C utilization, accompanied by an increase in microbial community activity, nutrient-related gene abundance, and enzyme activities. Our findings suggest that the balance between soil available N and P effects on the PE,  was dependent on rhizosphere microbial community composition. Furthermore, these findings highlight the roles of the interaction between plants and their symbiotic microbial communities in affecting soil priming and improve our understanding of the potential microbial pathways underlying soil PEs.
PTP4A1 promotes oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) metastasis through altered mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming
Authors: Liu Bing , Si Wen , Wei Bo , Zhang Xuan , Chen Peng
Published: September 2023

PTP4A1 (Protein tyrosine phosphatase 4A1) is a protein tyrosine phosphatase that regulates a range of pro-oncogenic signaling pathways. Here, we report a novel role for PTP4A1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) growth and development. We show that PTP4A1 is frequently overexpressed in OSCC cells and tissues compared to adjacent non-tumor tissue. In OSCC, the overexpression of PTP4A1 increased cell growth and invasion in vitro, and enhanced tumor progression in vivo. At the molecular level, PTP4A1 was found to regulate mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming to enhance the invasive capacity of OSCC cells. Mechanistically, these effects were mediated through binding to pyruvate kinase isoenzyme M2 (PKM2) to promote its expression and aconitase 2 (ACO2) to enhance its degradation. Together, these data reveal PTP4A1 as a viable target for OSCC therapeutics.
Unveiling the origin of the large coercivity in (Nd, Dy)-Fe-B sintered magnets
Authors: Tang Xin , Li Jiangnan , Sepehri-Amin Hossein , Bolyachkin Anton , Martin-Cid Andres , Kobayashi Shintaro , Kotani Yoshinori , Suzuki Motohiro , Terasawa Asako , Gohda Yoshihiro , Ohkubo Tadakatsu , Nakamura Tetsuya , Hono Kazuhiro
Published: September 2023

Nd-Fe-B-based permanent magnets are widely used for energy conversion applications. However, their usage at elevated temperatures is difficult due to the relatively low coercivity (Hc) with respect to the anisotropy field (HA) of the Nd2Fe14B compound, which is typically 0.2HA. In this work, we found that the coercivity of an (Nd0.8Dy0.2)-Fe-B sintered magnet could reach 0.4HA, which was twice as high as the Hc/HA of its Dy-free counterpart. Detailed microstructural characterizations, density functional theory and micromagnetic simulations showed that the large value of coercivity, Hc = 0.4HA, originated not only from the enhanced HA of the main phase (intrinsic factor) but also from the reduced magnetization of the thin intergranular phase (extrinsic factor). The latter was attributed to the dissolution of 4 at.% Dy in the intergranular phase that anti-ferromagnetically coupled with Fe. The reduction in the magnetization of the intergranular phase resulted in a change in the angular dependence of coercivity from the Kondorsky type for the Dy-free magnet to the Stoner–Wohlfarth-like shape for the Dy-containing magnet, indicating that the typical pinning-controlled coercivity mechanism began to show nucleation features as the magnetization of the intergranular phase was reduced by Dy substitution.
‘It’s a nightmare’: informed consent in paediatric genome-wide sequencing. A qualitative expert interview study from Germany and Switzerland
Authors: Eichinger Johanna , Zimmermann Bettina , Elger Bernice , McLennan Stuart , Filges Isabel , Koné Insa
Published: September 2023

The use of genome-wide sequencing (GWS) in paediatrics has added complexity to informed consent (IC) and pretest counselling because of the vast number and interpretation of potential findings, and their implications. However, empirical data from continental Europe on these issues remains limited. This study therefore aimed to explore the experiences and views of medical geneticists working with children in Germany and Switzerland regarding the challenges of obtaining valid IC in paediatric GWS. Qualitative interviews with 20 medical geneticists were analysed employing reflexive thematic analysis. In the interviews, many medical geneticists questioned the validity of parents’ IC due to the enormous amount of relevant information given and the variety and complexity of the possible test outcomes. Key barriers identified included familial implications, administrative challenges and struggles with non-directiveness. Medical geneticists’ suggestions for improvement included increasing the number of genetics professionals and better information material, which is crucial as GWS becomes a diagnostic standard in the early care pathways of children. An adjustment of aspirations from still existing ideal of traditional fully IC to appropriate IC seems to be needed. Such a more realistic and ethically sound adaptation of the requirements for IC can lead to better ‘informedness’ and improve the validity of the consent. This might also help reduce the moral distress for the medical geneticists involved.
First report of molecular identification of Phytophthora infestans causing potato late blight in Yemen
Authors: Al Harethi Amira A. , Abdullah Qais Y. M. , Al Jobory Hala J. , Al Aquil Samar A. , Arafa Ramadan A.
Published: September 2023

Late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans, is one of the most destructive potato diseases in the world. In Yemen, identification of P. infestans still depends on a visual survey and external examination of late blight symptoms. The objective of this study was to isolate and identify P. infestans by using advanced methods. We collected 71 disease samples and isolated the pathogen using the tuber slice method. To identify an isolated pathogen, we performed morphological characterization and gene sequence analysis of the coding genes for internal transcribed spacers. We used Koch’s hypotheses to confirm the previous results. In our study. The morphological characters of the mycelium pattern of P. infestans isolates in Yemen were profusely branching, fluffy, and white. The sporangia showed remarkable limoniform papillate sporangial shape. with average length and width of 30.6 and 28.6 µm, respectively. The sequences analysis showed high homology with a degree of identity ranging from 98 to 100% to the database sequences on GenBank. Pathogenicity tests showed that the P. infestans was the causal agent. To our knowledge, this is the first study of the isolation and characterization of P. infestans in Yemen.
Identifying influential nodes in complex networks using a gravity model based on the H-index method
Authors: Zhu Siqi , Zhan Jie , Li Xing
Published: September 2023

Identifying influential spreaders in complex networks is a widely discussed topic in the field of network science. Numerous methods have been proposed to rank key nodes in the network, and while gravity-based models often perform well, most existing gravity-based methods either rely on node degree, k-shell values, or a combination of both to differentiate node importance without considering the overall impact of neighboring nodes. Relying solely on a node's individual characteristics to identify influential spreaders has proven to be insufficient. To address this issue, we propose a new gravity centrality method called HVGC, based on the H-index. Our approach considers the impact of neighboring nodes, path information between nodes, and the positional information of nodes within the network. Additionally, it is better able to identify nodes with smaller k-shell values that act as bridges between different parts of the network, making it a more reasonable measure compared to previous gravity centrality methods. We conducted several experiments on 10 real networks and observed that our method outperformed previously proposed methods in evaluating the importance of nodes in complex networks.
Fresh and frozen cardiac tissue are comparable in DNA methylation array β-values, but formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue may overestimate DNA methylation levels
Authors: Dupont Mikkel Eriksen , Jacobsen Stine Bøttcher , Christiansen Steffan Noe Niikanoff , Tfelt-Hansen Jacob , Smerup Morten Holdgaard , Andersen Jeppe Dyrberg , Morling Niels
Published: September 2023

Untreated fresh cardiac tissue is the optimal tissue material for investigating DNA methylation patterns of cardiac biology and diseases. However, fresh tissue is difficult to obtain. Therefore, tissue stored as frozen or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) is widely used for DNA methylation studies. It is unknown whether storage conditions alter the DNA methylation in cardiac tissue. In this study, we compared the DNA methylation patterns of fresh, frozen, and FFPE cardiac tissue to investigate if the storage method affected the DNA methylation results. We used the Infinium MethylationEPIC assay to obtain genome-wide methylation levels in fresh, frozen, and FFPE tissues from nine individuals. We found that the DNA methylation levels of 21.4% of the examined CpG sites were overestimated in the FFPE samples compared to that of fresh and frozen tissue, whereas 5.7% were underestimated. Duplicate analyses of the DNA methylation patterns showed high reproducibility (precision) for frozen and FFPE tissues. In conclusion, we found that frozen and FFPE tissues gave reproducible DNA methylation results and that frozen and fresh tissues gave similar results.
“Redirecting an anti-IL-1β antibody to bind a new, unrelated and computationally predicted epitope on hIL-17A”
Authors: Fischman Sharon , Levin Itay , Rondeau Jean-Michel , Štrajbl Marek , Lehmann Sylvie , Huber Thomas , Nimrod Guy , Cebe Régis , Omer Dotan , Kovarik Jiri , Bernstein Shmuel , Sasson Yehezkel , Demishtein Alik , Shlamkovich Tomer , Bluvshtein Olga , Grossman Noam , Barak-Fuchs Reut , Zhenin Michael , Fastman Yair , Twito Shir , Vana Tal , Zur Nevet , Ofran Yanay
Published: September 2023

Antibody engineering technology is at the forefront of therapeutic antibody development. The primary goal for engineering a therapeutic antibody is the generation of an antibody with a desired specificity, affinity, function, and developability profile. Mature antibodies are considered antigen specific, which may preclude their use as a starting point for antibody engineering. Here, we explore the plasticity of mature antibodies by engineering novel specificity and function to a pre-selected antibody template. Using a small, focused library, we engineered AAL160, an anti-IL-1β antibody, to bind the unrelated antigen IL-17A, with the introduction of seven mutations. The final redesigned antibody, 11.003, retains favorable biophysical properties, binds IL-17A with sub-nanomolar affinity, inhibits IL-17A binding to its cognate receptor and is functional in a cell-based assay. The epitope of the engineered antibody can be computationally predicted based on the sequence of the template antibody, as is confirmed by the crystal structure of the 11.003/IL-17A complex. The structures of the 11.003/IL-17A and the AAL160/IL-1β complexes highlight the contribution of germline residues to the paratopes of both the template and re-designed antibody. This case study suggests that the inherent plasticity of antibodies allows for re-engineering of mature antibodies to new targets, while maintaining desirable developability profiles.
Optimal tracking strategies in a turbulent flow
Authors: Calascibetta Chiara , Biferale Luca , Borra Francesco , Celani Antonio , Cencini Massimo
Published: September 2023

Pursuing a drifting target in a turbulent flow is an extremely difficult task whenever the searcher has limited propulsion and maneuvering capabilities. Even in the case when the relative distance between pursuer and target stays below the turbulent dissipative scale, the chaotic nature of the trajectory of the target represents a formidable challenge. Here, we show how to successfully apply optimal control theory to find navigation strategies that overcome chaotic dispersion and allow the searcher to reach the target in a minimal time. We contrast the results of optimal control – which requires perfect observability and full knowledge of the dynamics of the environment – with heuristic algorithms that are reactive – relying on local, instantaneous information about the flow. While the latter display worse performances, optimally controlled pursuers can track the target for times much longer than the typical inverse Lyapunov exponent and are considerably more robust.
Quantitative Methodologies for Determining the Amount and Structure of AOB at the Transcriptional Level in Wastewater Treatment Plants
Authors: Preetam Subham , Rath Rajeswari , Mazumder Ishanee , Khan Sofia , Roy Chandrashish , Ali Amanat , Malik Sumira
Published: September 2023

Biological nitrification, or the oxidation of ammonia by bacteria, removes nitrogen from wastewater. Because of its destructive effects on aquatic life, the presence of ammonia in wastewater promotes eutrophication. Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) have a direct role in wastewater treatment plants, and a thorough ecological understanding is required to support their future utilization. The physiology, diversity, and abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) as well as their method of action are all covered in this chapter. We have also discussed current quantitative methodologies for determining the amount and structure of AOB at the transcriptional level in wastewater treatment plants and how environmental conditions influence them. We talk about future development opportunities in the final segment.
A near-infrared fluorescent probe for detecting hydrogen sulfide with high selectivity in cells and ulcerative colitis in mice
Authors: Qin Chong-Kang , Yan Ling , Wang Zhi-Qing , Yu Guo , Mao Guo-Jiang , Xu Fen , Li Chun-Yan
Published: September 2023

An near-infrared fluorescent probe (IX-H2S) is constructed to image H2S. The probe has been applied not only in fluorescence imaging of endogenous and exogenous H2S in living cells, but also in imaging of H2S in normal and ulcerative colitis mice.
Multi-arm ε-polylysines exhibit broad-spectrum antifungal activities against Candida species
Authors: Cao Yuanqiao , Liu Ming , Han Miaomiao , Ji Shengxiang
Published: September 2023

Multi-arm ε-polylysines (ε-mPLs, nR-Km) exhibit broad-spectrum antifungal activities and excellent biocompatibility. Mechanistic studies suggest that 3R-K7 kills fungi through entering the cells to generate ROS and induce cell apoptosis.
Light-driven modulation of electrical conductance with photochromic switches: bridging photochemistry with optoelectronics
Authors: Chatterjee Sheelbhadra , Molla Sariful , Ahmed Jakir , Bandyopadhyay Subhajit
Published: September 2023

Photochromic conducting molecules have emerged because of their unique capacity to modulate electrical conductivity upon exposure to light, toggling between high and low conductive states.
Hydroxyfluorooxoborate (NH4)[C(NH2)3][B3O3F4(OH)] for exploring the effects of cation substitution on structure and optical properties
Authors: Chen Ziqi , Li Fuming , Yang Zhihua , Pan Shilie , Mutailipu Miriding
Published: September 2023

Herein, a metal-free hydroxyfluorooxoborate (NH4)[C(NH2)3][B3O3F4(OH)] has been synthesized using the strategy of heterologous substitution. Tunable structure and optical properties have been achieved via varied A-site cation substitution.
Experimental and theoretical investigation of synthesis and properties of dodecanethiol-functionalized MoS2
Authors: Duran Tuna A. , Šabani Denis , Milošević Milorad V. , Sahin Hasan
Published: September 2023

Herein, we investigate the DDT (1-dodecanethiol) functionalization of exfoliated MoS2 by using experimental and theoretical tools.
The influence of strontium deficiency on thermodynamics of defect formation, structural stability and electrical transport of SrFe0.5Ta0.5O3−δ-based solid solutions with an excess tantalum content
Authors: Politov B. V. , Waerenborgh J. C. , Shein I. R. , Merkulov O. V.
Published: September 2023

The insertion of Sr vacancy into the crystalline matrix of SrFe0.5−xTa0.5+xO3 oxide materials is shown to influence on thermodynamic, structural, and electrical properties of the resulting compounds.
What do we know about bifunctional cage-like T8 silsesquioxanes? Theory versus lab routine
Authors: Fuchs Kamila , Nizioł Edyta , Ejfler Jolanta , Zierkiewicz Wiktor , Władyczyn Anna , John Łukasz
Published: September 2023

The quest for ortho, meta, and para isomers, as a part of the enigmatic synthesis of bifunctional POSS, from theoretical and experimental standpoints, is unraveling in our paper.
Including the bioconcentration of pesticide metabolites in plant uptake modeling
Authors: Li Zijian , Fantke Peter
Published: September 2023

By integrating the uptake kinetics of pesticide metabolites into plant uptake models, we highlight the importance of considering the bioconcentration of metabolites when assessing risks to human health.
Fluorinated 2,3-diaminophenazines: synthesis, mechanism of formation, and properties
Authors: Li Jiayao , Krasnov Vyacheslav , Karpova Elena , Andreev Rodion , Genaev Alexandr , Rumyantseva Elizabeth , Shundrina Inna , Romanov Vasily , Selivanova Galina
Published: September 2023

Fluorinated 2,3-diaminophenazines fluorescence from green to red depending on the number of F atoms in the ring bearing NH2 groups.
Fabrication of a highly sensitive ultrathin nanosheet-like CuO nanostructure-based non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor for hydrazine detection
Authors: Masrat Sakeena , Ahmad Rafiq , Nakate Umesh T. , Ahmad Akil , Alshammari Mohammed B. , Bhat Kiesar Sideeq , Mishra Prabhash , Lee Byeong-il
Published: September 2023

An electrochemical non-enzymatic hydrazine sensor was fabricated based on a hydrothermally synthesized ultrathin nanosheet-like CuO nanostructure-modified electrode.
Wettability-tuned silica particles for emulsion-templated microcapsules
Authors: Starvaggi Nicholas C. , Bradford B. Jack , Taylor Cameron D. L. , Pentzer Emily B.
Published: September 2023

Silica particles were modified to achieve tailored wettability and interfacial activity at various interfaces, allowing for fabrication of hybrid architectures.
Biotin-decorated hollow gold nanoshells for dual-modal imaging-guided NIR-II photothermal and radiosensitizing therapy toward breast cancer
Authors: Chen Yongjian , Meng Wei , Chen Ming , Zhang Lianying , Chen Mingwa , Chen Xiaotong , Peng Jian , Huang Naihan , Zhang Wenhua , Chen Jinxiang
Published: September 2023

The novel structure of the hollow gold shell has an ideal X-ray deposition capacity, which ensures the sensitizing effect of radiotherapy. The immunogenic cell death pathway is activated by NIR-II photothermal therapy in conjunction with radiotherapy.
High brightness and vibronic luminescent behavior of YAG:Mn4+/Ca2+ red phosphor for preparing phosphor-in-glass in white LED
Authors: Li Chenyang , Tang Fei , Xiao Yang , Zhou Yimin , Zhao Bo , Lv Shasha
Published: September 2023

Left figure shows PL spectra of phosphors with and without Ca2+ ion. The central images present the photos of PiG under illumination of sunlight and UV light. Right figures give EL spectra of LED encapsulated with different phosphors.
Protéger les enfants du TSPT
Authors: Askenazy Florence , Fernandez Arnaud , Gindt Morgane
Published: September 2023

Afin de protéger les enfants des effets traumatiques, il est très important que les parents comprennent les facteurs de risque associés. Le trouble de stress post-traumatique (TSPT) est un trouble psychiatrique reconnu chez les adultes et les enfants, qui survient après un événement potentiellement traumatique. Environ 15% des enfants de la population générale présentent un TSPT, et ce pourcentage peut être beaucoup plus élevé dans le contexte d’attaques terroristes. Le TSPT peut devenir chronique chez un nombre significatif d’enfants, ce qui entraîne des difficultés scolaires et des risques de désocialisation. À la suite de l’attaque terroriste de Nice le 14 juillet 2016, un centre spécialisé dans les soins psychothérapeutiques et l’évaluation des psychotraumatismes chez les enfants a été créé. L’équipe pluridisciplinaire du centre propose des soins intégratifs fondés sur différentes approches thérapeutiques. Un programme de recherche, appelé « programme 14-7 », a été mis en place pour étudier la prévalence du TSPT et des facteurs de risque associés chez les enfants et les parents exposés à l’attentat.

Les résultats préliminaires de l’étude ont montré un taux élevé de TSPT et de troubles anxieux chez les enfants. Les parents eux-mêmes sont également affectés par les événements traumatiques, ce qui rend plus difficile leur rôle de soutien envers leurs enfants. Divers facteurs environnementaux et familiaux peuvent influencer le développement du TSPT chez les enfants. Les réactions des parents et de l’environnement familial sont un des facteurs les plus importants. L’existence de pathologies parentales est également un facteur de risque important, car l’état mental des parents peut influencer celui de leurs enfants.

Dans la ville de Nice, un accompagnement familial systémique dans les domaines de la santé mentale, psychique, sociale et juridique est nécessaire pour prévenir les conséquences du TSPT et des troubles qui y sont associés. Les facteurs de risque tels que les réactions de l’environnement, le type d’attachement et les pathologies parentales doivent être pris en compte dans les décisions thérapeutiques. La littérature scientifique confirme ces constatations sur le terrain et souligne l’importance de l’implication des adultes et des pouvoirs publics dans le soutien aux familles impactées.
Two-period decision strategies in a dual-channel supply chain considering reference price and online reviews
Authors: Panda Srikumar , Maiti Tarun
Published: September 2023

The rapid development of e-commerce and Internet technology impacts the consumer purchasing practices and the decision-making of the supply chain. In this regard, dealing with online reviews and reference price together for a competitive interaction in a two-period dual-channel scenario is one of the main challenges. To address this interaction, in the present research, we consider a dual-channel supply chain with a two-period. The selling price and the reference price impact on the retailer’s demand in both channels. Whereas, the online reviews influence the demands of the direct channels only. The manufacturer, who announces wholesale prices and direct channel selling prices, is Stackelberg game’s leader and the retailer is the follower. Two different decision-making strategies (I, II) are made by both players: (I) The manufacturer and the retailer both make all their decisions at the beginning of the selling season. (II) Here all decisions are made at the beginning of each selling period. In order to compare these strategies, we create a centralized policy as a benchmark scenario. The optimal solutions of the supply chain and each player are determined and analyzed. The numerical and sensitivity analysis suggests that the responsive pricing can bring additional benefits to both the players.
Prävention postoperativer Wundinfektionen
Authors: Utzolino Stefan , Eckmann Christian , Lock Johan Friso
Published: September 2023

Die moderne Chirurgie ermöglicht immer komplexere operative Eingriffe bei immer älteren und komorbiden Patienten. Dies geht mit einem potenziell erhöhten Risiko für perioperative
Infektionen (SSI) einher. Für deren Vermeidung sind Sauberkeit, Händedesinfektion und steriles Arbeiten essenziell, während einige traditionelle Hygienemaßnahmen zur Prävention untauglich
sind. In diesem Beitrag werden Unterschiede der relevantesten Leitlinien zu SSI ggf. besonders herausgestellt.
Urgent Follow-up after Outpatient Nonstress Tests and the Potential for Fetal Monitoring at Home
Authors: Dangel Alissa , Shindgikar Priyanka , Polio Andrew , Breeze Janis L. , House Michael
Published: September 2023

Objective This study aimed to measure the proportion of patients needing urgent clinical follow-up after an abnormal outpatient nonstress test (NST). We further sought to capture the patient perspective on the acceptability of performing NSTs at home.

Study Design A retrospective cohort study was performed over a 2-year period to determine the frequency of abnormal NSTs in a hospital-based, antepartum testing unit in patients greater than or equal to 32 weeks' gestation. The proportion of patients who delivered within 24 hours of an abnormal NST was also determined. A cross-sectional, web-based patient survey was conducted to obtain insight into the patient's comfort level with potentially performing NSTs at home.

Results The chart review yielded 665 patients who underwent 2,122 NSTs at greater than or equal to 32 weeks. Of the 2,122 NSTs, 111 were categorized as abnormal and required urgent clinical follow-up, or 5.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 4.3, 6.3%). Of the 665 patients, 13 delivered within 24 hours of an abnormal NST, or 2.0% (95% CI 1.0, 3.3%). In the web-based survey, the proportion of respondents who would feel comfortable or very comfortable conducting NSTs at home was 87/125, or 69.6% (95% CI 60.9, 77.1%).

Conclusion This study revealed that 5.2% of NSTs performed in a hospital-based antepartum testing unit were abnormal and required urgent clinical follow-up. Of the patients being followed in the antepartum testing unit, 2.0% delivered within 24 hours of an abnormal NST. The majority of the survey respondents indicated they would feel comfortable performing NSTs at home. The present study adds important information regarding the risks and benefits of NSTs at home.

Key Points
On love
Authors: Kotthaus Jochem
Published: September 2023

In this paper, I will explore love as a universe of meaning constituted at the crossroads of cultural patterns and actors’ biographical experiences. Universes of meaning provide a structure of cognitive pre-selections. While the social in general is composed of a multitude of universes of meaning, they belong to the public. Romantic relationships are private and enable privacy. I will (1) propose a definition of love and a framework that serves to ensure its theoretical validity. I will then (2) analytically deconstruct the unity of communication, interaction, eroticism, and emotionality as love’s different media of experience and explore their self-referential functionality.
Lock-in photothermal method for in-plane thermal diffusivity measurements using arrayed temperature sensors on suspended SiNx membranes
Authors: Jiang Felix , Ryu Meguya , Pachauri Vivek , Ingebrandt Sven , Vu Xuan Thang , Morikawa Junko
Published: September 2023

A device consisting of a line- or spiral-shaped temperature sensor array on a two-dimensional (2D) silicon nitride (SiNx) membrane of thickness 50 or 150 nm is developed for use in the lock-in photothermal method to determine the in-plane thermal diffusivity of SiNx membranes in air and in vacuum. The results of 2D heat diffusion are analyzed by the quadrupole method, and the system is approximated to the one-dimensional (1D) fin standing in a surrounding media (the fin approximation). The results show that 2D thermal diffusion on the membrane is affected not only by heat exchange with the surrounding environment but also by parallel thermal diffusion caused by heat conduction in the air along the membrane surface. The measurement using photothermal heating and contact detection of the temperature response enables the phenomenon to be detected consistently at a wide frequency range of temperature waves (50–1000 Hz). The measured thermal diffusivity values of the SiNx membrane are much smaller than those of bulk material, which can be reasonably considered an effect of the confined state of the phonon in the nanoscale geometry of the membrane.
Thermophoresis and uniform flow in rarefied polyatomic gases: The role of constitutive relations and boundary conditions
Authors: Saini Sonu , Farkya Ankit , Rana Anirudh Singh
Published: September 2023

Recently, Rana and Barve [“A second-order constitutive theory for polyatomic gases: Theory and applications,” J. Fluid Mech. 958, A23 (2023)] developed a second-order coupled constitutive relations (CCR) for polyatomic gases that include quadratic nonlinearities in the entropy flux and apply the second law. However, in that work, the boundary conditions were heuristically obtained to match the drag coefficient on a sphere and may not be accurate in situations where thermal transpiration and thermal stress are significant factors, as indicated by their asymptotic analysis. This article presents a systematic approach for deriving thermodynamically admissible boundary conditions for the CCR model. We also propose a set of higher-order boundary conditions based on an asymptotic analysis of the solutions for drag on flow past a sphere and thermophoretic drag. The goal of deriving these boundary conditions is to improve the accuracy of the CCR model when applied to external flows, such as slow flow past particles and thermophoretic motion of a spherical particle and doublet. The results of the study demonstrate that the combination of the newly derived boundary conditions in conjunction with the CCR equations shows excellent agreement with both theoretical predictions and experimental data over a wide range of Knudsen numbers. The study suggests that the approach presented in this article can be used to improve the accuracy of the CCR model in a variety of external flow applications.
The study of L2 writing processes
Authors: Manchón Rosa M. , Roca de Larios Julio
Published: September 2023

This introductory chapter serves two main purposes. One
is to contextualize the book within the larger professional discussion,
which we do through a look-back approach in order to provide a synthetic
review of the main lines of research in the study of L2 writing processes
and the main research instruments employed. The second aim of the chapter is
to introduce readers to the aims, structure, and contents of the book.
Affordances and limitations when using Inputlog to study young learners’
pausing behavior in L2 writing
Authors: Garcés Aitor , Criado Raquel , Manchón Rosa M.
Published: September 2023

This chapter focuses on methodological considerations in
a study in which keystroke-logging data was used for the analysis of young
English as a foreign language (EFL) learners’ pausing behavior while writing
in their L2. We first present the rationale behind the study and
subsequently discuss methodological considerations in the operationalization
of the construct of pausing behavior, challenges and problems related to
data analysis, and solutions adopted. In the final part, we suggest
directions for further research.
An overview of progresses and challenges of electrochemically integrated multi-electrode arrays for probing localised corrosion in complex environmental conditions
Authors: Tan Mike Yongjun
Published: September 2023

Since the electrochemically integrated multi-electrode array, often referred to as the wire beam electrode, was initially developed for corrosion studies in 1990s, remarkable progresses have been made in its applications for probing and monitoring various forms of localised corrosion that are difficult-to-measure by conventional methods. This paper provides a brief overview of diverse and innovative applications of variously designed and constructed electrode array probes for measuring localised corrosion under complex environmental conditions with particular focus on the discussion of challenges and obstacles that prevent wider applications of electrode arrays. Discussion on future perspectives have included suggestions on the innovative design and fabrication of multi-scale, three-dimensional, complex shaped and patterned electrode arrays for simulating microstructural features of heterogeneous alloys and thoughts on the future integration of corrosion monitoring data and data analytics, machine learning and artificial intelligence for future prediction, modelling and prevention of corrosion in industrial applications.
The geology and geochemistry of the Rhyacian Josephine gold deposit, Northwest Ghana
Authors: Atanga Fuseini , Amponsah Prince Ofori , Nunoo Samuel , Kwayisi Daniel , Forson Eric Dominic , Akabzaa Thomas Mba , Nude Prosper Mckenzie
Published: September 2023

This paper focuses on the geology and geochemistry of the Rhyacian Josephine gold deposit in northwestern Ghana, where gold is primarily hosted in quartzites, with other lithologies observed, including granitoids, mafic intrusions, and gneisses. Four deformational events, DJO0, DJO1, DJO2, and DJO3, are observed. DJO0 is synonymous with the primary preserved sedimentary crossbedding in the quarzitic rocks. Gold mineralization within the deposit is mainly associated with the DJO1 NNW-trending dextral and steeply dipping sinusoidal shear zone. Gold occurs primarily as free gold and invisible gold within the lattices of the disseminated arsenopyrite along the shear foliation planes of the host rock. The ore body geometry is 15–40 m wide and strikes 800 m in the NNW direction. Silicification, sericitization, chloritization, and sulphidation are the main alteration assemblages associated with the gold mineralization zones within the Josephine deposit. Pathfinder elements for gold are stibnite, tellurium, sulphur, copper, silver, and Lead.
MEMS audio speakers
*
Authors: Garud Meera , Pratap Rudra
Published: September 2023

Miniaturization of electro-mechanical sensors and actuators has benefited from an advancement in CMOS technology over the years. However, miniaturization of audio speakers has seen considerable development only in the recent times. This paper reviews the developments in micro-electro-mechanical-systems (MEMS) audio speaker research and the initial commercial products available in the market. At first glance, it appears that the relatively slow development of MEMS speakers can be attributed to the fact that the principle of actuation has remained unchanged for several decades. Unfortunately, the physics behind audible sound production holds us back from exclusively adopting miniaturized speakers—sound pressure level is directly proportional to the area of the sound radiating surface. Nevertheless, researchers are continuing to explore new avenues for designing and developing MEMS speakers, without limiting themselves to the existing actuation principles. With newly discovered materials and improving technology, the research in MEMS speakers is gaining attention and new products are emerging. A speaker design based on piezoelectric actuation or electrostatics actuation is favorable at MEMS scale. Indian research community is also contributing to advances in MEMS speakers and near-ultrasonic devices. This paper reviews the development in MEMS audio speakers in India and in the world. The tabulated review findings aim to offer readers an overview of the development of micro-speakers and to provide guidance for designing new micro-speakers.
Analyzing beam-gas interactions in an
H2+
cyclotron beam
Authors: Calvo Pedro , Winklehner Daniel , Oliver Concepción ,   on behalf of the IsoDAR collaboration
Published: September 2023

For the Isotope Decay At Rest (IsoDAR) experiment in neutrino physics (searching for sterile neutrinos), we have developed a novel compact isochronous cyclotron with direct injection through an axially embedded RFQ. For IsoDAR to be decisive within five years of running, 10 mA of protons, cw at 80% duty factor are needed on a neutrino production target. To alleviate space charge in the cyclotron driver, we accelerate 5 mA of

H

2

+

, to be broken up into 10 mA of protons after extraction from the cyclotron. An open question that we are answering with this paper is whether the beam losses from gas-stripping (the removal of electrons from

H

2

+

through the interaction of the beam ions with the residual gas in the accelerator) are going to be a significant challenge. Using a newly added feature to the well-established Object-Oriented Parallel Accelerator Library code, we calculate gas-stripping losses in the IsoDAR cyclotron using realistic beam distributions, magnetic fields, gas composition, and pressure. We show that to maintain losses due to dissociation below 1% over the entire acceleration region, a vacuum of at least 6 × 10−7 mbar is required.