bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differential expression of adaptor related protein complex 2 sigma 1 subunit in human epithelial ovarian cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: June 2021

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecologic cancer (1). We performed discovery of genes associated with epithelial ovarian cancer and of the high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) subtype, using published microarray data (2, 3) to compare global gene expression profiles of normal ovary or fallopian tube with that of primary tumors from women diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer or HGSC. We identified the gene encoding adaptor related protein complex 2 sigma 1 subunit, AP2S1, as among the genes whose expression was most different in epithelial ovarian cancer as compared to the normal fallopian tube. AP2S1 expression was significantly higher in high-grade serous ovarian tumors relative to normal fallopian tube. AP2S1 expression correlated with overall survival in patients with ovarian cancer. These data indicate that expression of AP2S1 is perturbed in epithelial ovarian cancers broadly and in ovarian cancers of the HGSC subtype. AP2S1 may be relevant to pathways underlying ovarian cancer initiation (transformation) or progression.
Bupati Sabu Raijua berstatus kewarganegaraan ganda
Authors: Hasma
Published: July 2021

Status kewarganegaraan ganda Bupati terpilih Orient Patriot Riwu Kore menarik perhatian banyak pihak karena diketahui memiliki paspor Amerika Serikat (AS) dan pada saat yang sama juga masih tercatat sebagai warga negara Indonesia (WNI)terlebih setelah Orient Patriot Riwu Kore memenangkan pilkada sebagai bupati sabu raijua pada tahun 2020 . Tulisan ini membahas bagaimana status kewarganegaraan ganda Orient sebagai bupati terpilih NTT dari perspektif yuridis. Hasil pembahasan menyimpulkan, status kewarganegaraan ganda yang dimiliki Orient Patriot Riwu Kore bertentangan dengan Pasal 6 ayat (1) UU Kewarganegaraan, karena Indonesia tidak menganut sistem kewarganegaraan ganda. Kewarganegaraan ganda terbatas hanya untuk anak sampai berusia 18 tahun atau sudah menikah.setelah itu ,seseorang dapat memilih salah satu warga negara untuk menjadi kewarganegaraanya. Akibat hukum status kewarganegaraan ganda yang dimiliki Orient adalah yang bersangkutan akan kehilangan kewarganegaraan.
Utilizing Social Media to Implement Indonesia's National Ideology–Pancasila Within Millennials
Authors: Oetomo Nurfitrah Windriadi
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Pancasila is Indonesia’s national ideology that was made through long hours of discussion from June 1st to August 18th in 1945 which contains nation’s values that were meant to guide society to a better future. The young generation of Millennials are known for their skills and are familiar with modern technology, therefore they have a profound understanding of technology usage to utilize Pancasila’s values to the younger generation so they will not forget the struggle and vision of fellow veteran warriors for the nation. Methods: Aiming to know how Millennials work on modern technology such as social media, this article uses literature review methods, reviewing different articles on millennials, social media, digital technology and Pancasila. Results: 14 articles in totals are collected from different topics of millennials, social media, digital technology and Pancasila, resulting in values that Pancasila contains, the Millennials’ role in utilizing Pancasila’s values and taking advantage of social media to utilize Pancasila’s values in Millennials. Conclusion: Pancasila as a nation’s ideology contains values that are guiding society to a better future. As Millennials live and continue the journey to build a better Indonesia, it is necessary to utilize Pancasila’s values through modern technology that Millennials are familiar with like socialmedia so Pancasila is always in thought as guidance to live in society.
Interplay of seismic and a-seismic deformation during the 2020 sequence of Atacama, Chile.
Authors: Klein Emilie , Potin Bertrand , Pasten-Araya Francisco , Tissandier Roxane , Azua Kellen , Duputel Zacharie , Herrera Carlos , Rivera Luis , Nocquet Jean-Mathieu , Baez Juan-Carlos , Zigone Dimitri , Madariaga Raul , Ampuero Jean Paul , Ruiz Sergio , Vigny Christophe
Published: June 2021

An earthquake sequence occurred in the Atacama region of Chile throughout September 2020. The sequence initiated by a mainshock of magnitude Mw6.9, followed 17 hours later by a Mw6.4 aftershock. The sequence lasted several weeks, during which more than a thousand events larger than Ml 1 occurred, including several larger earthquakes of magnitudes between 5.5 and 6.4. Using a dense network that includes broad-band, strong motion and GPS sites, we study in details the seismic sources of the mainshock and its largest aftershock, the afterslip they generate and their aftershock, shedding light of the spatial temporal evolution of seismic and aseismic slip during the sequence. Dynamic inversions show that the two largest earthquakes are located on the subduction interface and have a stress drop and rupture times which are characteristics of subduction earthquakes. The mainshock and the aftershocks, localised in a 3D velocity model, occur in a narrow region of interseismic coupling (ranging 40%-80%), i.e. between two large highly coupled areas, North and South of the sequence, both ruptured by the great Mw~8.5 1922 megathrust earthquake. High rate GPS data (1 Hz) allow to determine instantaneous coseismic displacements and to infer coseismic slip models, not contaminated by early afterslip. We find that the total slip over 24 hours inferred from precise daily solutions is larger than the sum of the two instantaneous coseismic slip models. Differencing the two models indicates that rapid aseismic slip developed up-dip the mainshock rupture area and down-dip of the largest aftershock. During the 17 hours separating the two earthquakes, micro-seismicity migrated from the mainshock rupture area up-dip towards the epicenter of the Mw6.4 aftershocks and continued to propagate upwards at ~0.7 km/day. The bulk of the afterslip is located up-dip the mainshock and down-dip the largest aftershock, and is accompanied with the migration of seismicity, from the mainshock rupture to the aftershock area, suggesting that this aseismic slip triggered the Mw6.4 aftershock. Unusually large post-seismic slip, equivalent to Mw6.8 developed during three weeks to the North, in low coupling areas located both up-dip and downdip the narrow strip of higher coupling, and possibly connecting to the area of the deep Slow Sleep Event detected in the Copiapo area in 2014. The sequence highlights how seismic and aseismic slip interacted and witness short scale lateral variations of friction properties at the megathrust.
Using sedimentological priors to improve 14C calibration of bioturbated sediment archives.
Authors: Lougheed Bryan
Published: June 2021

Radiocarbon (14C) dating is often carried out upon multi-specimen samples sourced from bioturbated sediment archives, such as deep-sea sediment. These samples are inherently heterogeneous in age, but current 14C calibration techniques applied to such age heterogenous samples were originally developed for age homogeneous material. A lack of information about age heterogeneity leads to a systematic underestimation of a sample's true age range, as well as the possible generation of significant age-depth artefacts during periods of highly dynamic Δ14C. Here, a calibration protocol is described that allows for the application of sedimentological priors describing sediment accumulation rate, bioturbation depth and temporally dynamic species abundance. This Bayesian approach produces a credible calibrated age distribution associated with a particular laboratory 14C determination and its associated sedimentological priors, resulting in an improved calibration, especially in the case of low sediment accumulation rates typical of deep-sea sediment. A time-optimised computer script (biocal) for the new calibration protocol is also presented, thus allowing for rapid and automated application of the new calibration protocol using sedimentological priors. This new calibration protocol can be applied within existing age-depth modelling software packages to produce more accurate geochronologies for bioturbated sediment archives.
A multiscale approach to estimate the cellular diffusivity during food drying
Authors: Welsh Zachary G
Published: June 2021

Theoretical models for food drying commonly utilize an effective diffusivity solved through curve fitting based on experimental data. This creates models with limited predictive capabilities. Multiscale modeling is one approach which can help transition to a more physics-based model minimizing the empirical information required while improving a model’s predictive capabilities. However, to enable an accurate scaling operation, multiscale models require diffusivity at a fine scale (microscale). Measuring these properties is experimentally costly and time consuming as they are often temperature and/or moisture dependent. This research conducts an inverse analysis on a multiscale homogenization food drying model to deduce the temporal diffusivity of intracellular water. A representation of the real cellular water breakdown was considered and appropriate assumptions to represent its cellular heterogeneity, in relation to time, were investigated. The work uncovered that a linear decrease in intracellular water content could be assumed and thus a function for its diffusivity was developed. The proposed function is in terms of sample temperature and intracellular water content opening the possibilities to be applied to various food materials.
Simulated central vision loss does not impair implicit location probability learning when participants search through simple displays
Authors: Addleman Douglas A , Lee Vanessa G.
Published: June 2021

Central vision loss disrupts voluntary shifts of spatial attention during visual search. Recently, we reported that a simulated scotoma impaired implicit spatial attention towards regions likely to contain search targets. In that task, search items were overlaid on natural scenes. Because natural scenes can induce explicit awareness of learned biases leading to voluntary shifts of attention, here we used a search display with a blank background less likely to induce awareness of target location probabilities. Participants searched both with and without a simulated central scotoma: a training phase contained targets more often in one screen quadrant and a testing phase contained targets equally often in all quadrants. In Experiment 1, training used no scotoma, while testing alternated between blocks of scotoma and no-scotoma search. Experiment 2 training included the scotoma and testing again alternated between scotoma and no-scotoma search. Response times and saccadic behaviors in both experiments showed attentional biases towards the high-probability target quadrant during scotoma and no-scotoma search. Whereas simulated central vision loss impairs implicitly learned spatial attention in the context of natural scenes, our results show that this may not arise from impairments to the basic mechanisms of attentional learning indexed by visual search tasks without scenes.
Reasons for not getting vaccinated against COVID-19 in German-speaking Switzerland: An online survey among vaccine hesitant 16-60 year olds
Authors: Hitchman Sara C , Tribelhorn Lukas , Geber Sarah , Friemel Thomas N.
Published: June 2021

Background: Several research studies have examined the reasons why people are hesitant to be vaccinated against COVID-19. However, there is no published data to date on Switzerland. Identifying these reasons among the Swiss population who are vaccine hesitant may help inform campaigns to encourage vaccine confidence.Aims: The primary aim of this study is to identify the reasons for not getting vaccinated against COVID-19 among Swiss residents who are vaccine hesitant. The secondary aim is to examine whether reasons differ by age, gender, education, and likelihood of accepting a vaccination to better target campaigns and design interventions.Design: An online survey asked participants to indicate the reasons why they were hesitant to be vaccinated against COVID-19. Setting: German-speaking Swiss Cantons, the survey was administered online between 5 May 2021 and 16 May 2021.Participants: The participants in this analysis were a sample of (N=1191) Swiss residents age 16-60 years old from German-speaking Cantons, who could answer an online survey in German, who had yet not been vaccinated, who had not yet registered for a vaccination appointment, and who did not indicate that they would definitely be vaccinated if offered the chance.Findings: Among people who are vaccine hesitant in Switzerland, the most common reasons for being hesitant were side-effect, safety, and effectiveness concerns. It was also common for people to indicate that they were healthy/at low risk, would decide later, and that they wanted to build immunity naturally. Less common, but still prevalent concerns included wanting more information, thinking COVID-19 was not a real threat, and concerns that the vaccine may serve another purpose. Differences in reasons for being vaccine hesitant were found by age, gender, education, and likelihood of accepting a vaccination if offered.Conclusions: To increase the likelihood of accepting a vaccination, vaccination campaigns should address side-effect, safety, and effectiveness concerns. Campaigns could also consider informing people why it is necessary for people in lower risk groups to be vaccinated, and why vaccination is preferable to infection for building immunity. While campaigns may be effective in reaching some of the population, alternative strategies might be necessary to strengthen the trust relationship with vaccines and vaccine providers in some groups. Less prevalent concerns, such as not liking needles, could be addressed through individual level interventions.
A Computational Model of Non-optimal Suspiciousness in the Minnesota Trust Game
Authors: Kazinka Rebecca , Vilares Iris , MacDonald Angus
Published: June 2021

This study modeled spite sensitivity (the worry that others are willing to incur a loss to hurt you), which is thought to undergird suspiciousness and persecutory ideation. Two samples performed a parametric, non-iterative trust game known as the Minnesota Trust Game (MTG). The MTG is designed to distinguish suspicious decision-making from otherwise rational mistrust by incentivizing the player to trust in certain situations. Individuals who do not trust even under these circumstances are particularly suspicious of their potential partner’s intentions. In Sample 1, 243 undergraduates who completed the MTG showed less trust as the amount of money they could lose increased. However, for choices where partners had a financial disincentive to betray the player, variation in the willingness to trust the partner was associated with suspicious beliefs. To further examine spite sensitivity, we modified the Fehr-Schmidt (1999) inequity aversion model, which compares unequal outcomes in social decision-making tasks, to include the possibility for spite sensitivity. In this case, an anticipated partner’s dislike of advantageous inequity (i.e., guilt) parameter could take on negative values, with negative guilt indicating spite. We hypothesized that the anticipated guilt parameter would be strongly related to suspicious beliefs. Our modification of the Fehr-Schmidt model improved estimation of MTG behavior. We isolated the estimation of partner’s spite-guilt, which was highly correlated with choices most associated with persecutory ideation. We replicated our findings in a second sample, where the estimated spite-guilt parameter correlated with self-reported suspiciousness. The “Suspiciousness” condition, unique to the MTG, can be modeled to isolate spite sensitivity, suggesting that spite sensitivity is separate from inequity aversion or risk aversion, and may provide a means to quantify persecution. The MTG offers promise for future studies to quantify persecutory beliefs in clinical populations.
Selfless or Selfish? The Impact of Message Framing and Egoistic Motivation on Narcissists’ Compliance with Preventive Health Behaviors during COVID-19
Authors: Otterbring Tobias , Festila Alexandra , Folwarczny Michal
Published: June 2021

COVID-19 is one of the greatest international health crises in recent years. Due to the highly contagious nature of the virus, the World Health Organization has recommended that people comply with a set of preventive measures to reduce the infection rate (e.g., social distancing, wearing a face mask, thorough personal hygiene). Such recommendations imply certain personal restrictions, with people typically differing in the extent to which they are willing to comply with said recommendations. The present large-sampled study (N = 800) aimed to investigate whether narcissism levels and message framing strategies affect individuals’ willingness to accept personal restrictions and, consequently, comply with a set of preventive health behaviors. Results reveal that people high (vs. low) in narcissism are less likely to accept personal restrictions and to comply with preventive health behaviors. However, negative (vs. positive) message framing increases narcissists’ willingness to comply with such behaviors. This effect can be explained through an increased willingness of narcissistic participants to accept personal restrictions to protect themselves (egoistic motivation) but not through a willingness to protect vulnerable people (altruistic motivation). These findings suggest that individuals who remain uncooperative during pandemics could be more effectively addressed with adapted message framing strategies and incentives tailor-made for their distinct personalities.
People-focused and Near-term Public Transit Performance Analysis
Authors: Karner Alex
Published: June 2021

Public transit ridership forecasts have long played a role in understanding the potential success of a policy or investment, but their limitations have led researchers and practitioners to identify other performance analysis approaches. Accessibility, or the ease of reaching opportunities, has become very popular and widely used for this purpose. But commonly used accessibility measures also embody weaknesses that are seldom acknowledged; these limit their utility for truly understanding the benefits of transit investments. In this paper, we identify the pros and cons of these competing approaches and offer a third strategy. Specifically, we describe how revealed travel behavior data, potentially combined with near-term forecasts, can provide information about how current public transit users will be affected by a new project. While acknowledging the limitations of this approach, we demonstrate how accessibility can be misleading when applied without an understanding of ridership patterns.
An Assessment of Financial Performance and Service Facility Improvement after Merger and Acquisition of Financial Institutions of Nepal
Authors: Bajgai Ganesh , Pradhan Radheshyam
Published: June 2021

Merger and acquisition are one process to integrate the two or more similar types of institutions into one institution. Basically, more banking sectors are gone in merger and acquisition in Nepal. Nepal Rastra Bank has introduced the Merger by law – 2068 BS with the objective of reducing the number of BFIs, enhancing financial stability and promoting public confidence on the banking sector, which encouraged and compelled the banking sectors to proceed the merger and acquisition process for their long-term sustainability. Considering this status, the study was conducted to identify the impact of merger and acquisition on financial performance and service quality of financial institutions of Nepal. The study was conducted covering the category A and B bank which were established after merger and acquisition process. It was a cross-sectional study conducted among the 385 employees of banking sectors. The result shows that the financial performance and service quality of both types of banks (category A and B) was significantly difference in post-merger situation because the p value of t-test was less than .05 significant level.
Prevalence and Factors Influencing Elderly Abuse: A Descriptive Study of Jureli Village, Bakaiya
Authors: Timalsina Keshab Prasad
Published: June 2021

The elderly abuse in a family is one of the most challenging problems in a society. The present study aims to assess the prevalence of elderly abuse in the family environment of JureliTole of Bakaiya Rural Municipality. The study also presents various risk factors that influence the prevalence of Elderly abuse. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 103 elders taken from household survey by using census method. The data were collected through a face-to-face structured interview schedule. The descriptive and regression analysis of the collected data showed that the prevalence of elderly abuse was 46.6% in the study population. This study measured significant association (p<0.05) of overall abuse against the elder with only two socio-demographic variables (literacy status and health status) among the variables (gender, age groups, living with or without spouse, literacy status, health status, dependency status, and income level). The results showed that the elders with/without spouse had the highest odds ratio to be abused (2.19 times) followed by gender (1.64 times), and health status (1.25 times). Although this study found lower prevalence than many previous studies, it is still significant and needs to be prevented. Based on the study, it can be said that living without a spouse, with poor health, and being female are the major predictive descriptors for elderly abuse.The policies and programs are needed for the prevention of elderly abuse which may require collective action from social, health and justice sectors.
Perception regarding Sexuality, Contraceptive and Teenage Pregnancy among Adolescent Studying in Secondary Schools in Palpa District
Authors: Nepal Manju , Maharjan Susan , Adhikari Bimala , Adhikari Bimala , Khanal Laxmi , Nepal Parbati
Published: June 2021

Adolescence is a period of both opportunities and threats. It is also a phase in life marked by vulnerability to risky sexual behavior and underprivileged reproductive health outcomes. The objective of this study was to assess the perception regarding sexuality, contraceptive and teenage pregnancy among adolescents studying in secondary schools in Palpa District. A cross sectional analytical study designed was applied. Total enumerative sampling technique was used to select 407 schools going adolescents in four selected school in Palpa district. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaire. Analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics with SPSS version 20. Findings showed that 56.51% of adolescents had favorable perception on sexuality, 51.84% of adolescents had favorable perception on contraceptive and 55.77% had favorable perception on teenage pregnancy. There were significant  association between Sex, Grade, Ethnicity, Type of family of adolescent and level of perception on sexuality, contraceptive and teenage pregnancy where Chi-square p value is less than .05 at 5% level of significance.  Based on the findings of the study, majority of adolescents had favorable perception towards sexuality, contraceptive and teenage pregnancy which suggests that adolescents were aware on sexuality, contraceptive and teenage pregnancy.
Effectiveness of Teaching the Pronunciation of Inflection Through Analytic-Linguistic Approach
Authors: Sharma Lok Raj
Published: June 2021

The principal objective of the research study is to examine the effectiveness of teaching the pronunciation of inflection in English words through the analytic-linguistic approach. The researcher followed a pre-experiment research design, especially one- group- pretest- posttest- design, which included a pretest measure followed by a treatment and a posttest for a single group after the treatment or intervention. A set of fifty multiple choice test items  was administered to the sample of 21 bachelor first year education students studying major English at Makawanpur Multiple Campus, Hetauda, Nepal in the Academic Year 2019-2020. The researcher adopted the census method also known as a statistical enumeration method wherein each and every student in the population was selected for eliciting the primary data. The result showed there was a statistically significant difference between the pretest mean score (M=20.190, SD=14.169 and N=21) and the posttest mean score (M= 25.619, SD=14.844 and N=21) of the students. The statistics of (df) =20, p< .05, the observed t-value= 4.38 and the table t-value =  2.086 at 0.05 significance level of the test showed that teaching the pronunciation of inflection through the analytic-linguistic approach was effective among the students at this campus. This study contributes to the existing body of the pronunciation of English words by highlighting that the same spelling functioning as the inflection of the English words has different pronunciation. It is shown through presentations.
Early Implant Placement with Delayed Loading in Anterior Aesthetic Zone - A Case Report
Authors: Humagain Manoj , Lamichhane Simant , Subba Mahima , Neupane Manisha , Dawadi Asmita
Published: June 2021

To prevent the sequelae of hard and soft tissue loss after tooth extraction, future need of bone augmentation procedures and utilisation of benefits during early stages of tissue healing, early implant promises to be an armoury for dental implantologists to perfectly simulate the natural dentition in anterior aesthetic areas. Here, a case of 30 years old male with a missing #11 (according to two-digit numbering system) planned for early implant placement and immediate temporisation with delayed loading is presented.
Study of Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Overweight and Obesity among the Residents of Semi Urban Region of Eastern Nepal
Authors: Yadav Amar Kumar , Thakur Manoj Kumar , Gharti Sakar Babu
Published: June 2021

Background: Low-income countries like Nepal experience a double disease burden infectious diseases risk as well as rising incidence of non-communicable diseases .The present cross sectional study assesses the prevalence of overweight and associated factors in ward no. 1 and 3 of Tankisinuwari VDC, Morang.

Materials and Methods: A Community based cross sectional study was conducted in ward no. 1 and 3 of Tankisinuwari VDC, Morang. Total 152 (10%) households were selected by systematic random sampling technique and then 590 individuals (male 323 and female 267), with the age ranging from 10 to 70 years were included in the study. Measurement of weight and height was done by calibrated standard weighing scale and measuring tape.

Results: The prevalence of overweight was 16.1%  which was significantly more among  male (11.5%)  than in  female ( 4.6%)  while prevalence of obesity was 2.5% , which was significantly more among  female (2.2%),   than male (0.3)%, P<0.05.The prevalence of overweight was seen more in the age group ≥50 years (7.1%) and obesity was seen more in age group 30-49 years ((2.0%).  The prevalence of overweight (13.9%) and obesity (2.4%) among married group were found significantly more than unmarried population where the prevalence of overweight and obesity were (2.2%) and (0.2%) respectively, P<0.05. Prevalence of obesity among those who had short sleep of 6 hours (1.4%) and overweight (3.9%) was observed which significantly more than among those who slept 7 hour or 8 hour. P=0.013.

Conclusion: The role of risk factors in development of obesity like short sleep and long sleep duration, physical inactivity and mode of transport were observed to be associated with overweight and obesity. Demographic factors like age, gender and marital status was found to be associated with overweight and obesity.
Alopecia Areata and it’s Association with Thyroid Dysfunction
Authors: Rai Anjan , Yadav Rajeev , Karki Sunita , Pradhan Manish
Published: June 2021

Background: Out of many cause of non-scarring alopecia, alopecia areata is one the cause of non-scarring alopecia. Most study till now has shown autoimmunity to be pathogenesis of alopecia areata and has found to be frequently associated with abnormal thyroid function. The current study aims to early detection of thyroid dysfunction in AA patient and reduce morbidity related to thyroid disorder.

Materials and Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted over a period of 1 year from July 2018 to June 2019 in department of dermatology Nobel Medical College, Biratnagar. Any patient who presented with clinical features of alopecia areata were included in the study.

Results: In our study, only 5 (7.1%) patients showed abnormal thyroid function tests, and other 65 (92.9%) had normal thyroid function. 3 patients (4.3%) had hypothyroidism and 2 patients (2.9%) had hyperthyroidism. In those presenting with thyroid dysfunction, 3 (10.3%) were females and 2 (4.9%) were males Mean age of onset of alopecia areata was 27.8 years.

Conclusion: Our study did not show significant association of alopecia areata with thyroid dysfunction. However this study showed male preponderance in alopecia areata though thyroid dysfunction was seen more in female.
Research on the spread of pathogens-carrying water in the coastal aquaculture system
Authors:   Southern Institute of Water Resources Research, Nguyen Dinh Vuong , Tang Duc Thang ,   Southern Institute of Water Resources Research
Published: June 2021

This paper presents the application of water source components theory in combination with the MIKE11 modeling tool (1D) to simulate the transport of pathogens-carrying water components in the coastal aquaculture system of Kien Giang province. The simulation results show that pathogens-carrying water spreads at a relatively fast pace and extensively in the system. Drainage schemes have also been proposed to control and minimise the spread of diseases. The application of water source components theory provides the scientific basis to ensure the rational and sustainable design of irrigation system for coastal shrimp-farming areas.
Cloning, expression, and purification of chaperone AcrH from Aeromonas hydrophilausing Escherichia coli host cells
Authors:   Faculty of Biology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Nguyen Van Sang , Nguyen Thi Uyen ,   Faculty of Biology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi
Published: June 2021

Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila) is a gram-negativebacterium, using the type III secretion system (T3SS). In the T3SS, a key structure is a translocon that inserts into the target membrane and forms a channel for bacterial toxins into the host cell. A. hydrophila is pathogenic to different organisms, including humans and aquatic animals (especially domestic animals with high economic value in Vietnam and the world, such as fishes, shrimps, amphibians). The pore completes the channel from bacteria to host, is composed of a major translocator (AopB) and minor translocator (AopD). These translocators are bound by a small chaperone (AcrH) in bacterial cytosol. AcrH chaperone plays an important role in keeping the high stability of translocators and prevents nonspecific interactions of hydrophobic domains before the pore formed in the host cell membrane. Previous studies only analysed the structure of the AcrH in combination with the AopB, but in a non-binding form with the AopB has not been elucidated. That limits the understanding of the formation mechanism of T3SS. Therefore, the authors aimed to clone, express, and purify the AcrH recombinant protein which can be used for the structural study and elucidation of T3SS pore formation. In this study, the authors cloned a fragment of the gene encoding for AcrH chaperone from A. hydrophila and inserted the gene into the pET-28a expression vector. AcrH protein from amino acids 21 to 158 was expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) and purified using a nickel bead column with high purity (over 99%). As a result, the obtained AcrH protein can be used for studies of structure and function that contribute to perfecting the pathogenesis of gram-negative bacteria and developing research on the treatment mechanism caused by these bacteria.
Effects of feed properties in spray drying formulation of prototype industrial cracking catalysts
Authors:   Vietnam Petroleum Institute, Truong Duc Hoan ,   Ho Chi Minh University of Technology, Ngo- Thuy Phuong ,   Vietnam Petroleum Institute, Dinh Duc Manh ,   Vietnam National Oil and Gas Group, Dang Thanh Tung ,   Vietnam National Oil and Gas Group, Dao Thi Kim Thoa ,   Ho Chi Minh University of Technology, Vu Xuan Hoan ,   Vietnam Petroleum Institute
Published: June 2021

This paper studied the effects of feed properties in spray drying formulation of prototype industrial cracking catalysts at the laboratory scale. The results showed that the pH of the drying feed mainly affected the active phase HY zeolite. At a high pH value, a strongly alkaline medium (pH 14), the HY zeolite structure was completely destroyed, resulting in the cracking catalyst with a low surface area. Hence, the pH of the drying feed should be adjusted to a low value, preferably a slightly acidic medium (pH 3). The solid content mainly affected the particle size of the cracking catalyst. As increasing the solid content in the drying feed, the particle size of the cracking catalysts increased and reached the maximum average value at about 40 μm which corresponded to the solid content of 15 wt.%. At a higher solid content (20 wt.%), the catalyst particle size and surface area tended to decrease. Thus, the solid content of 15 wt.% was considered to be optimal.
Research on formula establishment to produce nutritional seasoning powder from pangasius by-product hydrolysed protein
Authors:   Reseach Institute for Marine Fisheries, Bui Thi Thu Hien , Nguyen Thanh Binh ,   Reseach Institute for Marine Fisheries, Pham Thi Diem ,   Reseach Institute for Marine Fisheries, Bui Thi Minh Nguyet ,   Reseach Institute for Marine Fisheries, Dao Van Hao ,   Travel Investment & Seafood Development Corporation, Le Xuan Que ,   Travel Investment & Seafood Development Corporation, Truong Vinh Thanh ,   Travel Investment & Seafood Development Corporation
Published: June 2021

The processing of pangasius fish has produced a number of by-products with economic and biological value such as heads, bones, and fins, but these products have not been fully utilised. The hydrolysed protein powder from pangasius by-products has a high nutritional content, attractive taste and mainly used as the raw material in the production of some value-added food products. The purpose of this study was to develop a formula to create seasoning products from protein powder hydrolysed pangasius by-products. The main ingredients such as pangasius protein powder, starch, basic spices (salt, sugar, onion powder, ginger, pepper, etc.) were studied and selected in the recipe for seasoning powder. In which, the research process to determine the ratio of the main ingredients was done with 25-45% protein powder from pangasius by-products combined with 20-35% modified starch; 16-24% salt; 5-20% sugar; 0.5-2% spice mixture of onion powder, ginger powder, pepper powder. Product quality was assessed through sensory criteria, protein content, carbohydrates, etc. Research results had built a formula for producing nutritional seasoning products from protein powder hydrolysed pangasius by-products with protein content 18-22%, carbohydrates 30-33%, salt content 18-20%, moisture content ≤10%, and food safety criteria meet the requirements according to current regulations.
Programas de mejoramiento genético animal en Uruguay: logros y desafíos futuros
Authors: Urioste Jorge I.
Published: June 2021

Uruguay, reconocido internacionalmente como un país de fácil acceso, buenos sistemas de información, identificación bovina única y obligatoria, y alto nivel sanitario, ha logrado también importantes avances en el desarrollo de algunos aspectos de los programas genéticos en ovinos y vacunos, en particular la predicción de mérito genético. Sin embargo, en la era genómica éstos son insuficientes para lograr un alto nivel de competitividad; en particular se destaca la necesidad de nuevos niveles de coordinación institucional y desarrollo de nuevos recursos humanos. Existen condiciones básicas favorables para nuevos desarrollos. Se sugieren nuevos caminos a recorrer en el futuro inmediato.
Postupanje s opasnim počiniteljima kaznenih djela nakon punog izvršenja kazne zatvora
Authors: Maloić Snježana
Published: July 2021

U radu se razmatraju mogući načini postupanja s opasnim punoljetnim počiniteljima kaznenih djela nakon punog izvršenja kazne zatvora, odnosno mjera koje se u svijetu izvršavaju prema tim počiniteljima, temeljem procjene visokog rizika ponovnoga počinjenja teškoga kaznenog djela i nanošenja ozbiljne štete budućim žrtvama. Radi se o vrlo kontroverznoj temi koja izaziva mnoge rasprave, a koja u Hrvatskoj postaje aktualnom uvođenjem sigurnosne mjere zaštitnog nadzora nakon punog izvršenja kazne zatvora. Cilj je rada upozoriti na nužnost jasne i učinkovite nacionalne zakonske regulative vezane uz tu mjeru te na potrebu primjene i izvršavanja u skladu s europskim preporukama i suvremenim spoznajama. U radu su analizirane europske preporuke, neka inozemna iskustva, izazovi i dileme povezani s tim mjerama te specifični izazovi povezani s procjenom rizika i upravljanjem rizikom. Uz kritičku analizu aktualnih izazova i dilema u hrvatskom kontekstu, zaključno se nude specifične preporuke za hrvatski kaznenopravni sustav i praksu.
WATER DEFICIT EVALUATION ON SEED VIABILITY AND VIGOUR OF VARIOUS CHILI VARIETIES (Capsicum annum L.) USING VARIOUS CONCENTRATION OF PEG 6000 IN GERMINATION AND GROWTH PHASE
Authors: Wardhani Panti Ciptaning Kusuma , Suryawati Ami , Lagiman Lagiman
Published: June 2021

The research was carried out to find out chili varieties which gave high seed viability and vigour on germination and growth phase in water deficit evaluation using PEG-6000. There were 2 experiments, the first experiment was 4x10 Factorial arranged on Randomized Complete Design with three replicates using petridish. The first factor was PEG-6000 concentration of: 0%, 10%, 15% and 20%. The second factor was chili varieties namedly TM 33 , TM 99, Kastilo , OR Doni 77 , OR Twist 42 , Kaka 99 , OR Twist 22, Red sabel, Rimbun 3, Amro 99. The second experiment was 6x2 Factorial arranged on Randomized Complete Design with four replications using polybag. The first factor was chili varieties which had high viability and vigour on first experiment: TM 33 , Kastilo , OR doni 77, OR twist 22 , Red sabel and Rimbun 3 varieties. The second factor were normal and deficit watering. The data was subjected to an analysis of variance followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test and LSD 5%.The results indicated that TM 33, Kastilo, OR twist 22, Red sabel and Rimbun 3 had high viability on germination phase in water deficit evaluation using PEG-6000. TM 33, OR twist 22 and Rimbun 3 had tolerance growth in deficit watering.Keywords: chilli, water deficit, PEG-6000, viability, vigor
EFFICACY OF THE COMBINATION OF RINSKOR AND PENOXSULAM HERBICIDE ON WEEDS CONTROL AND ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF TRANSPLANTING RICE
Authors: Gumelar Akbar Gangsar , Rizal Abdul , Hardiastuti Siwi
Published: June 2021

This research aims was to determine of rinskor and penoxsulam herbicide combination at appropiate doses and not cause poisoning in rice plants as well as to know the yield of rice paddy plants due to weeds control of rinskor and penoxsulam herbicide combination compared to the usual herbicide used by farmers. This research conducted on the month August to November 2017 in the Pucangan Village, Kartasura Subdstrict, Sukoharjo District. This research used a complete randomized block design with one factor, twelve treatments and repeated 4 times, one the treatment of which is a control. Treatment of rinskor and penoxsulam herbicide combination with dose 750 ml/ha, 1000 ml/ha and 1250 ml/ha as wall as comperative herbicides penoxsulam & sihalofop (500 ml/ha & 800 ml/ha), penoxsulam (800 ml/ha), Natrium byspiripac (300 ml/ha), metil metsulfuron, etil klorimuron, 2,4D natrium (600 ml/ha), metil metsulfuron, 2,4D natrium, etil klorimuron (250+500 ml/ha), fenoksaprop etil dan etoksisulfuron (700 ml/ha), manual and control. Observed result were analyzed, if there is a real difference with a level of 5% will be tested continued using Skott Knott test at 5% confidence level. The result showed that rinskor and penoxsulam herbicide combination, starting with a dose 1000 ml/ha to 1250 ml/ha can control weeds better than other treatments and produce the highest yield of rice crops.Keywords : Herbicide combination, rinskor, penoxsulam, weeds, rice crops
THE AGRONOMIC CHARACTER AND POTENTIAL YIELD OF 17’S GENOTYPE OF MAIZE
Authors: Yuranto Shafri , Basuki Basuki , Lagiman Lagiman
Published: June 2021

Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of crops that source of carbohydrate than rice. The maize production needs to production goal. The problems is traditional variety haved low yield. This study aims to determine the agronomic character and potential yield of several hybrids maize.. The research method used was randomized completely block design was repeated 3 times. The treatment factor namely hybrid maize genotype. The data obtained were analyzed in theirs diversities by using variace at 5 % level, if there were significant difference, continued by using the least significant increase at 5% level to compared of variety tester. The results shows that hybrid maize genotypes, G2KPW-43, G2KPW-45, and G2KPW-48 haved superiorities in agronomic character and higher potential yield.Key words: genotypes, potential yield, maize
THE ROLE OF ISLAMIC ECONOMIC INSTITUTIONS TO RECOVER REAL SECTOR OF SMEs During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Trimulato Trimulato
Published: June 2021

Islamic economics prioritizes the real sector including SMEs, and makes Islamic Economic institutions as supporters and drivers of the real sector. The market share of sharia financial has reached 8.5 percent, and will continue to grow and develop. Since the emergence of the corona virus outbreak, it has eroded and slowed down economic activity, including in the SMEs sector. SMEs are among the ones that have been significantly affected by the corona virus. To restore the economic activities of SMEs, the Islamic Economic Institutions have role to be able to restore the economic activities of SMEs. The purpose of this study is to determine the development of Islamic economic institutions, and to determine the role of Islamic economic institutions in restoring SMEs in the midst of the Covid-19 outbreak. This type of research is library research with qualitative characteristics. Sources of data in this research are secondary data sourced from several institutions that have been presented. The limitation in this study is only for a few Islamic economic institutions related to SMEs. The data analysis technique used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Describing the object of research on the development of Islamic economic institutions and the role of Islamic economic institutions to recover the real sector of SMEs is included in analysis technique. The results of this study indicate the development of Islamic economic institutions. Sharia Financing Banking (BPRS) grew by 349.34 for income, Sharia Microfinance Institutions (LKMS) grew by 11.75 percent for financing, Sharia Peer To Peer Landing (P2P) institutions experienced a decrease in assets by 0.05 percent, and Social institutions, the growth of social fund collection was 48.08 percent at Insisatif Zakat Indonesia (IZI), and the growth in distribution of social funds by 114.27 percent Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (BAZNAS). The role of Islamic economic institutions in the recovery of the real sector of SMEs in the midst of the Covid-19 outbreak, namely optimizing  finance for SMEs, assisting financing customers, providing relief for affected customers, participating in marketing customer products online, maximizing profit sharing system, strengthening of partnerships, and maximizing the distribution of social funds for SMEs economic activities.
Internal Audit Function and Audit Fees: Evidence from Nigeria
Authors: Ali Muqaddam Oyetunji , Wan Abdullah Wan Amalina
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyse the relationship between audit fees and internal audit function in the Nigerian listed companies. This study observes 60 non-financial firms over four years (2012 to 2015) and uses random effect regression model to examine the hypothesis. The result of the study found internal audit to be significantly related with amount of audit fees paid by the listed firms. Specifically, this study found internal audit expertise and size of internal audit unit to have a positive and significant relationship with audit fees while no relationship was documented between internal audit certificate and the amount of audit fees. The study concludes that company with effective and adequate internal audit unit tend to pay higher audit fees to the external auditors.
E-Hailing Services: Antitrust Implications of Uber and Grab`s Merger in Southeast Asia
Authors: Abdul Rahman Nasarudin , Ambaras Khan Mushera , Abdul Ghani Azmi Ida Madieha , Zakaria Mohd Radhuan Arif
Published: June 2021

Uber-Grab’s merger had attracted antitrust scrutiny by competition authorities in Southeast-Asia. The merger between the two had created a large giant company that provides various services through a platform such as ridesharing and food delivery services. According to the deal, Grab will take over Uber’s assets (ridesharing and food delivery service), and in return, Uber will take a 27.5 percent stake in Grab. Although Grab claimed that the merger would create a cost-efficient platform in Southeast Asia and put it in a better position to serve consumers, there was a genuine concern that the merger will reduce competition in the market and provide incentives to Grab to engage in anti-competitive behaviour such as increasing the price of its services. This article aims to analyse how different countries in Southeast Asia responded to the Uber-Grab’s merger and measures taken to address competitive concerns ex-ante and ex-post-merger. Unlike other competition jurisdictions in Southeast-Asia, the Malaysia Competition Act 2010 contains no merger control provision, which empowers the Malaysian competition authority to block any merger that has the effect of substantially lessening competition. The studies on how other countries evaluated the Uber-Grab merger could assist Malaysia’s competition authority to regulate the future behaviour of the big digital platform in the Malaysian market. This article was written based on research that relies on both primary and secondary sources. Primary sources include statutory provisions on competition, decision, proposed decision, interim measures, and others. while secondary sources include journal articles, news, internet resources, and others. The article also adopts a comparative approach in order to analyse the approaches and measures taken by the various merger control regimes in Southeast Asia in dealing with the Uber-Grab’s merger.