bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Technical and Economic Feasibility Analysis of a Conceptual Subsea Freight Glider for CO2 Transportation
Authors: Klis Pawel , Wang Shuaishuai , Xing Yihan
Published: August 2022

This study analyses the technical and economic aspects of a novel subsea freight glider (SFG). The SFG is an excellent replacement for tanker ships and submarine pipelines transporting liquefied CO2. The main aim of the SFG is to ship CO2 from an offshore facility to an underwater well where the gas can be injected; as an advantage, the SFG vehicle may be used to transport all kinds of cargo. The SFG travels below the sea surface, making the vessel weather-independent. The research is divided into two steps. Firstly, the technical feasibility analysis is performed by designing a baseline design with a length of 56.5 m, a beam of 5.5 m, and a cargo volume of 1194 m3. The SFG is developed using DNVGL-RU-NAVAL-Pt4Ch1, which was initially created for military submarine designs. Two additional half-scaled 469 m3 and double-scaled 2430 m3 models are created when the baseline design fulfils the technical requirements. Secondly, the economic analysis is carried out using the freely accessible MUNIN D9.3 and ZEP reports. The economic feasibility analysis is illustrated through a case study with a CO2 transport capacity range of 0.5 to 2.5 mtpa (million tons per annum) and a transport length range of 180 km to 1500 km. The prices of CO2 per ton for the SFG, crew and autonomous tankers, and offshore pipelines are comprehensively compared. According to the results, SFGs with capacities of 469 m3, 1194 m3, and 2430 m3 are technically possible to manufacture. Moreover, the SFGs are competitive with a smaller CO2 capacity of 0.5 mtpa at distances of 180 and 500 km and a capacity of 1 mtpa at a distance of 180 km.
Tsunami Hazard Assessment at Oeiras Municipality, Portugal
Authors: Santos Angela , Fernandes Juan , Mileu Nelson
Published: August 2022

Portugal has had several large tsunamis in the past, yet Oeiras municipality has not implemented mitigation strategies and awareness to the general public, to the authors’ knowledge. In addition, Oeiras has 10 beaches that are very popular among residents and tourists, who can become at high risk of a potential tsunami if they do not evacuate from the low ground areas on time. Thus, the tsunami numerical model of the 1755 event was carried out to calculate the inundation, complemented with a field survey, in order to assess the tsunami evacuation conditions of the beaches. The results show the tsunami hits Oeiras municipality 26 to 36 min after the earthquake, inundating all the beaches. The local tsunami hazard classification is Low on 3 beaches, Moderate on 1 beach, High on 5 beaches, and Critical on 1 beach. In addition, there are no tsunami evacuation signs to guide the people to move to higher ground. Therefore, it is important to conduct mitigation strategies to avoid and reduce fatalities in a future tsunami.
Structural Features and Immunomodulatory Effects of Water-Extractable Polysaccharides from Macrolepiota procera (Scop.) Singer
Authors: Georgiev Yordan Nikolaev , Vasicek Ondrej , Dzhambazov Balik , Batsalova Tsvetelina Georgieva , Denev Petko Nedyalkov , Dobreva Lili Ivaylova , Danova Svetla Trifonova , Simova Svetlana Dimitrova , Wold Christian Winther , Ognyanov Manol Hristov , Paulsen Berit Smestad , Krastanov Albert Ivanov
Published: August 2022

Macrolepiota procera (MP) is an edible mushroom used in the treatment of diabetes, hypertension and inflammation. However, the structure and biological effects of its polysaccharides (PSs) are unclear. This study investigates the structural features of a PS complex from MP (MP-PSC), its immunomodulatory activities and effects on probiotic and pathogenic bacteria. MP-PSC was obtained by boiling water, and PSs were characterized by 2D NMR spectroscopy. The immunomodulatory effects on blood and derived neutrophils, other leukocytes, and murine macrophages were studied by flow cytometry, chemiluminescence, spectrophotometry, and ELISA. The total carbohydrate content of MP-PSC was 74.2%, with glycogen occupying 36.7%, followed by β-D-glucan, α-L-fuco-2-(1,6)-D-galactan, and β-D-glucomannan. MP-PSC (200 μg/mL) increased the number of CD14+ monocyte cells in the blood, after ex vivo incubation for 24 h. It dose-dependently (50–200 μg/mL) activated the spontaneous oxidative burst of whole blood phagocytes, NO, and interleukin 6 productions in RAW264.7 cells. MP-PSC exhibited a low antioxidant activity and failed to suppress the oxidative burst and NO generation, induced by inflammatory agents. It (2.0%, w/v) stimulated probiotic co-cultures and hindered the growth and biofilm development of Escherichia coli, Streptococcus mutans and Salmonella enterica. MP PSs can be included in synbiotics to test their immunostimulating effects on compromised immune systems and gut health.
Kinematic Alignment in Total Knee Arthroplasty Reduces Polyethylene Contact Pressure by Increasing the Contact Area, When Compared to Mechanical Alignment—A Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Klasan Antonio , Kapshammer Andreas , Miron Veronika , Major Zoltan
Published: August 2022

Unrestricted Kinematic alignment (KA) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) replicates the joint line of each patient by adjusting the cuts based on the anatomy of the patient. Mechanical alignment (MA) aims to restore a neutral mechanical axis of the leg, irrespective of the joint line orientation. The purpose of the present study was to compare contact pressure and contact areas of the polyethylene (PE) bearing surface as well as von Mises stress of the PE-tibial tray interface for MA and KA in the same patient, using CT data and finite element analysis. Finite element models were created from lower leg CT scans of 10 patients with knee osteoarthritis with different phenotypes. Mechanical PE properties were experimentally determined by tensile tests on dumbbell specimens. For numerical simulation purposes an adjusted non-linear material model with the maximum load to failure of 30.5 MPa, was calibrated and utilized. Contact pressure points were the deepest parts of the polyethylene inlay. Contact pressures were either very similar or were increased for MA knees throughout the gait cycle. KA either increased or had a comparable contact area, compared to MA. KA and MA produced comparable von Mises stresses, although both alignments breached the failure point of 30.5 MPa in all 3 valgus knees. This might indicate a higher probability of failure at the inlay-tibial baseplate interface. By maintaining the joint line orientation, KA reduces or has comparable contact pressures on the PE bearing surface by increasing or maintaining the contact area throughout one gait cycle in a validated finite element analysis model in 10 different knee phenotypes. The von Mises stress on the PE-tibial component interface was comparable, except for the valgus knees, where the load to failure was achieved in both alignment strategies and slightly higher stresses were observed for KA. Further studies for different knee phenotypes are needed to better understand the pressure changes depending on the alignment strategy applied.
Alteration of Skin Sympathetic Nerve Activity after Pulmonary Vein Isolation in Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Sung Wei-Ting , Lo Li-Wei , Lin Yenn-Jiang , Chang Shih-Lin , Hu Yu-Feng , Chung Fa-Po , Liao Jo-Nan , Tuan Ta-Chuan , Chao Tze-Fan , Lin Chin-Yu , Chang Ting-Yung , Kuo Ling , Liu Chih-Min , Liu Shin-Huei , Cheng Wen-Han , Ton An Khanh-Nu , Hsu Chu-Yu , Chhay Chheng , Elimam Ahmed Moustafa , Kuo Ming-Jen , Kao Pei-Heng , Chen Wei-Tso , Chen Shih-Ann
Published: August 2022

Autonomic system plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). Skin sympathetic nerve activity (SKNA) is a noninvasive tool for assessing sympathetic tone. However, data on changes in SKNA after ablation are limited. Here, we retrospectively enrolled 37 patients with symptomatic drug-refractory paroxysmal AF who underwent pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) with radiofrequency ablation (RFA) or cryoablation (CBA). SKNA was measured from the chest and right arm 1 day prior to ablation, as well as 1 day and 3 months after ablation. One day after ablation, the SKNA-Arm increased from 517.1 µV (first and third quartiles, 396.0 and 728.0, respectively) to 1226.2 µV (first and third quartiles, 555.2 and 2281.0), with an increase of 179.8% (125% and 376.0%) (p < 0.001); the SKNA-Chest increased from 538.2 µV (first and third quartiles, 432.9 and 663.9) to 640.0 µV (first and third quartiles, 474.2 and 925.6), with an increase of 108.3% (95.6% and 167.9%) (p = 0.004), respectively. In those without recurrence, there was a significant increase in SKNA 1 day after ablation as compared with those before ablation. Twelve patients received SKNA measurement 3 months after ablation; both SKNA-Arm (p = 0.31) and SKNA-Chest (p = 0.27) were similar to those before ablation, respectively. Among patients with symptomatic drug-refractory paroxysmal AF receiving PVI, increased SKNA was observed 1 day after ablation and returned to the baseline 3 months after ablation. Elevation of SKNA was associated with lower early and late recurrences following ablation.
Pharmacological Efficacy of Probiotics in Respiratory Viral Infections: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Wahab Shadma , Almaghaslah Dalia , Mahmood Syed Esam , Ahmad Md Faruque , Alsayegh Abdulrahman A. , Abu Haddash Yahya M. , Rahman Mohammad Akhlaquer , Ahamd Irfan , Ahmad Wasim , Khalid Mohammad , Usmani Shazia , Ahmad Md Parwez , Hani Umme
Published: August 2022

Mortality and morbidity from influenza and other respiratory viruses are significant causes of concern worldwide. Infections in the respiratory tract are often underappreciated because they tend to be mild and incapacitated. On the other hand, these infections are regarded as a common concern in clinical practice. Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections, albeit this is becoming more challenging since many of the more prevalent infection causes have acquired a wide range of antimicrobial resistance. Resistance to frontline treatment medications is constantly rising, necessitating the development of new antiviral agents. Probiotics are one of several medications explored to treat respiratory viral infection (RVI). As a result, certain probiotics effectively prevent gastrointestinal dysbiosis and decrease the likelihood of secondary infections. Various probiotic bacterias and their metabolites have shown immunomodulating and antiviral properties. Unfortunately, the mechanisms by which probiotics are effective in the fight against viral infections are sometimes unclear. This comprehensive review has addressed probiotic strains, dosage regimens, production procedures, delivery systems, and pre-clinical and clinical research. In particular, novel probiotics’ fight against RVIs is the impetus for this study. Finally, this review may explore the potential of probiotic bacterias and their metabolites to treat RVIs. It is expected that probiotic-based antiviral research would be benefitted from this review’s findings.
Members of the Pod: Do Marine Mammal Trainers Perceive a Bond with the Animals They Care For?
Authors: Welsh Thomas , Brando Sabrina , Hosey Geoff , Ward Samantha J.
Published: August 2022

Animals under human care interact with their caretakers, potentially resulting in human–animal bonds (HABs), which can enhance wellbeing for both. Previous research has suggested that keepers perceive bonds with their animals, but investigation of a different zoo role working with one species has not yet been completed. Here, we investigate the animal trainers’ perception of HABs with captive bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). A modified Lexington Attachment to Pets Scale (LAPS) was used to measure the strength of perceived HABs between trainers and both dolphins and companion animals in their care. LAPS questionnaires were completed by 128 trainers from 35 different collections worldwide. Most respondents perceived themselves to have a bond with a dolphin, although LAPS scores for attachment to dolphins (DA) were significantly lower than for companion animals (CA). Female LAPS scores were significantly higher than males for both DA and CA. Multiple regression demonstrated that the facility and trainer gender were significant predictors of CA. LAPS scores for trainers were comparable to those for zoo animals, which reflects a strong attachment to the dolphins they work with. However, this attachment was not as strong as for their companion animals, and was influenced by the collection they worked for.
Research on Magnetic Suspension Control Scheme Based on Feedback Linearization under Low Track Stiffness
Authors: Zhang Te , Zhou Danfeng , Li Jie , Wang Lianchun , Chen Qiang
Published: August 2022

The problem of vehicle–guideway coupled self-excited vibration is common in maglev train systems, which has a serious impact on the stability of maglev trains. The lower the track stiffness, the more likely it is to occur, the greater the harm to the maglev system, and the greater the difficulty in suppressing the vibration. To solve this problem, many conventional control schemes rely on the estimation of electromagnetic forces. However, considering the magnetic leakage flux in the suspension air gap and other reasons, the empirical electromagnetic force model is inaccurate, which increases the difficulty of suspension control under low track stiffness. Therefore, a more accurate electromagnetic force model based on least squares fitting is proposed in this paper, which can estimate the electromagnetic force more accurately without increasing the computational cost. On this basis, a control scheme based on feedback linearization theory was designed, and the control effect was tested on an experimental platform with low track stiffness. The experimental results showed that the proposed control scheme could achieve stable suspension with low track stiffness and could effectively solve the vehicle–guideway coupled vibration problem with a strong anti-interference ability. The research in this paper is of great significance for solving the problem of vehicle–guideway coupled vibration under low track mass/stiffness, which is believed to be used in the light-weight girders in the next generation of commercial maglev systems. This work also has an important reference value for suspension control algorithms based on electromagnetic force feedback.
Influence of Experimental Conditions during Synthesis on the Physicochemical Properties of the SPION/Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposite for Magnetic Hyperthermia Application
Authors: Thanh Dinh Thi Mai , Phuong Nguyen Thu , Hai Do Thi , Giang Ha Ngan , Thom Nguyen Thi , Nam Pham Thi , Dung Nguyen Trung , Giersig Michael , Osial Magdalena
Published: August 2022

In this work, we report on the fabrication of nanocomposites based on superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) in combination with hydroxyapatite (HAp) as a platform for drug delivery and magnetic hyperthermia application. First, the influence of experimental conditions such as co-precipitant, bath temperature, and pH on the morphology and magnetic properties of SPIONs was investigated. Then, the superparamagnetic particles were coated with the hydroxyapatite layer for further loading of anticancer drugs, determining the optimal thickness of the HAp shell. The composite was fabricated by the wet chemical process and was characterized by optimizing the experimental conditions of the wiring synthesis to obtain the superparamagnetic spherical material with a high HAp loading as a platform for drug uptake. SEM and TEM studies confirmed the round shape of the magnetic core up to 15 nm in size with a well-defined HAp shell. After checking the material’s superparamagnetic properties, the temperature dependence on time and alternating magnetic field strength was tested and optimized in hyperthermia experiments.
Digital Twin Formation Method for Distributed Generation Plants of Cyber–Physical Power Supply Systems
Authors: Bulatov Yuri , Kryukov Andrey , Batuhtin Andrey , Suslov Konstantin , Korotkova Ksenia , Sidorov Denis
Published: August 2022

The purpose of the study presented in the article was to develop a method for the formation of digital twins for distributed generation plants operating as part of cyber–physical power supply systems. A method of forming a digital twin for a system for automatic regulation of the voltage and rotor speed of a synchronous generator is considered. The structure of a digital twin is presented in the form of a multiply connected model using experimental data. The possibility of using a fuzzy inference system, artificial neural networks, and a genetic algorithm for solving the problem is shown. As a result of the research, neuro-fuzzy models of the elements of the distributed generation plant were obtained, which are an integral part of the digital twin. Based on the simulation results, the following conclusions were drawn: the proposed method for constructing an optimized fuzzy model gives acceptable results when compared with experimental data and shows practical applicability in constructing a digital twin. In the future, in order to simplify the model, it is necessary to solve the problem of optimizing the number of rules in the fuzzy inference system. It is also advisable to direct further research to the formation of a complete hierarchical fuzzy system that connects all elements of the digital twin.
Blow-Up Time of Solutions for a Parabolic Equation with Exponential Nonlinearity
Authors: Wang Yanjin , Qian Jianzhen
Published: August 2022

This paper studies a parabolic equation with exponential nonlinearity, which has several applications, for example the self-trapped beams in plasma. Based on a modified concavity method we prove the blow-up of the solution for initial data with high initial energy. We also proposed the solution’s lower and upper bound of the blow-up time for the equation. Our results complement the existing results.
Antecedents in Determining Users’ Acceptance of Electric Shuttle Bus Services
Authors: Wang Naihui , Pei Yulong , Wang Yi-Jia
Published: August 2022

The electric shuttle bus service is a pro-environmental transportation method with the advantages of conserving fossil fuel consumption and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. It could also provide flexible shuttle services and enhance travel convenience for residents. Although it has many advantages, users’ willingness to accept the electric shuttle bus service is crucial to its successful implementation. A theoretical research model that integrates UTAUT and NAM with an attitude construct is developed based on the data collected in China to explore antecedents of using electric shuttle bus services. The validity of the proposed model is examined by partial least squares structural equation modeling. According to analysis results, the proposed research model could explain 73.5% of the variance in adoption intention. Results demonstrate that attitude is the strongest antecedent of using electric shuttle bus services. Performance expectancy, personal norms, and social influence are the direct antecedents, and ascription of responsibility and effort expectancy is demonstrated as the indirect antecedents of using electric shuttle bus services. Results also offer valuable insights into how electric shuttle bus services can be accepted and implemented more readily.
Second Phase of the Adaptation Process of the Mathematics Self-Efficacy Survey (MSES) for the Mexican–Spanish Language: The Confirmation
Authors: Morán-Soto Gustavo , González Peña Omar Israel
Published: August 2022

There are great economic benefits and qualities of life when a country invests in the development of professionals in STEM areas. Unfortunately, there is a gender gap, as women are lagging behind their peers, as well as minority groups such as Hispanics, who are grossly underrepresented in these careers. Therefore, it is a priority to generate assessing instruments that are adapted to the cultural context of Latino students in their language to attract a more diverse population to STEM areas. This study presents a thorough validation process of the adaptation of the Self-Efficacy Survey (MSES) to the Spanish language and Mexican engineering context. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted with data collected from 683 Mexican engineering students to analyze its validity. The results highlight that the original three dimensions of the MSES still show a sound structure to assess math self-efficacy, and the confirmatory factor analysis eliminated items that were outdated and out of the context of this specific population. As a result, this study presents a 12-item adaptation that could help Latino researchers to collect reliable math self-efficacy data to better understand how their students feel when they learn and practice mathematics.
An Improved Blind Kriging Surrogate Model for Design Optimization Problems
Authors: Mai Hau T. , Lee Jaewook , Kang Joowon , Nguyen-Xuan H. , Lee Jaehong
Published: August 2022

Surrogate modeling techniques are widely employed in solving constrained expensive black-box optimization problems. Therein, Kriging is among the most popular surrogates in which the trend function is considered as a constant mean. However, it also encounters several challenges related to capturing the overall trend with a relatively limited number of function evaluations as well as searching feasible points with complex or discontinuous feasible regions. To address this above issue, this paper presents an improved surrogate blind Kriging (IBK) and a combined infill strategy to find the optimal solution. According to enhancing the prediction accuracy of metamodels of objective and constraints, the high-order effects of regression function in the blind Kriging are identified by promising a variable selection technique. In addition, an infill strategy is developed based on the probability of feasibility, penalization, and constrained expected improvement for updating blind Kriging metamodels of the objective and constraints. At each iteration, two infill sample points are allocated at the positions to achieve improvement in optimality and feasibility. The IBK metamodels are updated by the newly-added infill sample points, which leads the proposed framework search to rapidly converge to the optimal solution. The performance and applicability of the proposed model are tested on several numerical benchmark problems via comparing with other metamodel-based constrained optimization methods. The obtained results indicate that IBK generally has a greater efficiency performance and outperforms the competitors in terms of a limited number of function evaluations. Finally, IBK is successfully applied to structural design optimization. The optimization results show that IBK is able to find the best feasible design with fewer evaluation functions compared with other studies, and this demonstrates the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed model for solving the constrained expensive black-box engineering design optimization problems.
Circumventing Ill-Conditioning Arising from Using Linear Multistep Methods in Approximating the Solution of Initial Value Problems
Authors: Akinola Richard Olatokunbo , Shokri Ali , Yao Shao-Wen , Kutchin Stephen Yakubu
Published: August 2022

When finding numerical solutions to stiff and nonstiff initial value problems using linear multistep methods, ill-conditioned systems are often encountered. In this paper, we demonstrate how this ill-conditioning can be circumvented without iterative refinement or preconditioning, by carefully choosing the grid point used in deriving the discrete scheme from the continuous formulation. Results of numerical experiments show that the new scheme perform very well when compared with the exact solution and results from an earlier scheme.
The Construction and Research of the Modified “Upwind Leapfrog” Difference Scheme with Improved Dispersion Properties for the Korteweg–de Vries Equation
Authors: Sukhinov Alexander , Chistyakov Alexander , Timofeeva Elena , Nikitina Alla , Belova Yulia
Published: August 2022

This paper covers the construction and research of a scheme to solve the problem with nonlinear dispersion wave equations, described by the model Korteweg–de Vries equation. The article proposes approximating the equation based on improved “Upwind Leapfrog” schemes. Its difference operator is a linear combination of operators of the “Standard Leapfrog” and “Upwind Leapfrog” difference schemes, while the modified scheme is obtained from schemes with optimal weight coefficients. Combining certain values of the weight coefficients mutually compensates for approximation errors. In addition, the modified scheme acquires better properties compared with the original schemes. The results of test calculations of solutions of the nonlinear Korteweg–de Vries equation are presented, illustrating the advantages of the modified scheme.
Detection and Analysis of Critical Dynamic Properties of Oligodendrocyte Differentiation
Authors: Nikolov Svetoslav G. , Wolkenhauer Olaf , Nenov Momchil , Vera Julio
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we derive a four-dimensional ordinary differential equation (ODE) model representing the main interactions between Sox9, Sox10, Olig2 and several miRNAs, which drive the process of (olygodendrocyte) differentiation. We utilize the Lyapunov–Andronov theory to analyze its dynamical properties. Our results indicated that the strength of external signaling (morphogenic gradients shh and bmp), and the transcription rate of mOlig2 explain the existence of stable and unstable (sustained oscillations) behavior in the system. Possible biological implications are discussed.
Ashi Scalp Acupuncture in the Treatment of Secondary Trigeminal Neuralgia Induced by Multiple Sclerosis: A Case Report
Authors: Schürer Qiong , Shaban Hamdy , Gantenbein Andreas R. , Todeschini Giada , Pradhan Saroj K.
Published: August 2022

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, chronic, inflammatory, demyelinating, and axonal degeneration disease of the central nervous system. Trigeminal neuralgia (TN), a neuropathic facial paroxysmal pain, is prevalent among MS patients. Because of the inadequacy of the comprehension of MS-related TN pathophysiological mechanisms, TN remains arduous in its treatment approaches. Acupuncture as a non-pharmacological therapy could be a promising complementary therapy for the treatment of TN. MS gradual neural damage might affect the muscles’ function. This can lead to acute or paroxysmal pain in the form of spasms that might progress to formation of myofascial trigger points also known in traditional Chinese medicine as Ashi points (AP). Localising these AP through palpation and pain sensation feedback in patients with MS is an indicator of disease progression. Pathologically, these points reveal the disharmony of soft tissue and internal organs. Methods: This case report examined the pain relief outcome with Ashi scalp acupuncture (ASA) in a secondary TN patient who was unsuccessfully treated multiple times with body acupuncture. The main outline measure was to quantify pain intensity using a numerical rating scale (NRS) before and after each acupuncture therapy. The patient was treated on the scalp for a total of eight times, twice a week over four weeks. Results: A reduction in secondary TN pain intensity was observed after each session. On average, the patient expressed severe pain (NRS: 8.0 ± 2.20) before ASA treatment, which significantly decreased after therapy to mild pain (NRS: 2.0 ± 1.64). Conclusions: Significant improvements in pain intensity reduction after each acupuncture treatment without any adverse effects were observed.
Multiple Asparaginase Infusions Cause Increasingly Severe Acute Hyperammonemia
Authors: Buddington Randal K , Buddington Karyl K , Howard Scott C.
Published: August 2022

Adverse reactions during and shortly after infusing asparaginase for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia can increase in severity with later doses, limiting further use and increasing relapse risk. Although asparaginase is associated with hyperammonemia, the magnitude of the increase in serum ammonia immediately after the infusion and in response to multiple infusions has not been examined. The concurrence of hyperammonemia and infusion reactions was studied using weaned juvenile pigs that received 12 infusions of Erwinia asparaginase (Erwinase; 1250 U/kg) over 28 days, with two 5-day recovery periods without asparaginase after the eighth and eleventh doses. Infusion reactions and prolonged hyperammonemia (>50 µM ammonia 48 h after the infusion) began after the fourth dose and increased with later doses. Dense sampling for 60 min revealed an acute phase of hyperammonemia that peaked within 20 min after starting the first infusion (298 + 62 µM) and lasted less than 1 h, without apparent symptoms. A pronounced acute hyperammonemia after the final infusion (1260 + 250 µM) coincided with severe symptoms and one mortality during the infusion. The previously unrecognized acute phase of hyperammonemia associated with asparaginase infusion coincides with infusion reactions. The juvenile pig is a translational animal model for understanding the causes of acute and chronic hyperammonemia, differentiating from hypersensitivity reactions, and for improving infusion protocols to reduce acute hyperammonemia and to allow the continued use of asparaginase.
Effects of Viscosity on Submerged Membrane Microfiltration Systems
Authors: Pradhan Muna , Johir Md Abu Hasan , Kandasamy Jaya , Ratnaweera Harsha , Vigneswaran Saravanamuthu
Published: August 2022

Submerged microfiltration has a wide range of applications in water and wastewater treatment. Membrane fouling is a major problem, resulting in a severe decline in flux, high energy consumption and frequent membrane cleaning and replacement. The effect of viscosity was not previously studied under controlled conditions to relate it to the air scour. Hence, this study investigated the effect of viscosity on membrane fouling during the operation of submerged membrane microfiltration by adding predetermined amounts of glycerol to a kaolin clay suspension. The addition of glycerol increased the viscosity (from 0.001 to 0.003 Pa·s), resulting in a 3-fold higher transmembrane pressure (TMP) development. An increased airflow (air scour) rate by 3 fold (from 0.6 m3/m2/h to 1.8 m3/m2/h), reduced TMP development by 65%. Membrane fouling quickly developed during the initial stage of microfiltration operation. Therefore, special precautions to control fouling during the early stages of filtration could significantly enhance the operation of the microfilter. Higher airflow caused a reduction in average specific cake resistance, whereas higher viscosity increased this value.
Host–Biofilm Interactions
Authors: Chen Yun , Kolodkin-Gal Ilana
Published: August 2022

In most natural, clinical and industrial settings, microorganisms preferentially exist in biofilms, structured communities that associate with biotic and abiotic surfaces [...]
Cement Composites with Graphene Nanoplatelets and Recycled Milled Carbon Fibers Dispersed in Air Nanobubble Water
Authors: Patrinou Anastasia I. , Tziviloglou Eirini , Varoutoglou Athanasios , Favvas Evangelos P. , Mitropoulos Athanasios C. , Kyzas George Z. , Metaxa Zoi S.
Published: August 2022

The individual effect of nano- and micro-carbon-based fillers on the mechanical and the electrical properties of cement paste were experimentally examined in this study. The objective of the study was to separately examine the effects of size and morphology (platelets and fibers) of nano- and micro-reinforcement. Three different sizes of Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNPs), at contents of 0.05% and 0.20% and recycled milled carbon fibers (rCFs), at various dosages from 0.1–2.5% by weight of cement, were incorporated into the cementitious matrix. GNPs and rCFs were dispersed in water with air nanobubbles (NBs), an innovative method that, compared to common practice, does not require the use of chemicals or high ultrasonic energy. Compressive and bending tests were performed on GNPs- and rCFs-composites. The four-wire-method was used to evaluate the effect of the conductive fillers on the electrical resistivity of cement paste. The compressive and flexural strength of all the cementitious composites demonstrated a considerable increase compared to the reference specimens. Improvement of 269.5% and of 169% was observed at the compressive and flexural strength, respectively, at the GNPs–cement composites incorporating the largest lateral size GNPs at a concentration of 0.2% by weight of cement. Moreover, the rCFs–cement composites increased their compressive and flexural strength by 186% and 210%, respectively, compared to the reference specimens. The electrical resistivity of GNPs- and rCFs-composite specimens reduced up to 59% and 48%, respectively, compared to the reference specimens, which proves that the incorporation of GNPs and rCFs can create a conductive network within the cementitious matrix.
Image Quality Assessment for Digital Volume Correlation-Based Optical Coherence Elastography
Authors: Lin Xianglong , Chen Jinlong , Hu Yongzheng , Feng Xiaowei , Wang Haosen , Liu Haofei , Sun Cuiru
Published: August 2022

Optical coherence elastography (OCE) based on digital volume correlation (DVC) has the advantages of full 3D displacements and strain tensor quantification. However, the measurement results are often unreliable due to the poor quality of the optical coherence tomography (OCT) speckle patterns. This paper proposes an image evaluation index based on OCT-DVC (CMGG, combined mean attenuation intensity, breadth and dispersion of the gray level distribution), which comprehensively considers the OCT signals’ attenuation and the breadth and dispersion of the gray level distribution of the OCT images. Virtual deformation experiments of phantoms by numerically applied displacements and deformation measurement of pork meat were conducted. The results of the mean bias errors have a corresponding good relationship with CMGG, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed CMGG. Based on this index, a lot of time may be saved by a pretest evaluation during DVC-OCE measurement. CMGG also guides the development of OCE system design, adjustment and new DVC-OCE algorithms.
Research on Evaluation Method of Electric Vehicle Wireless Charging Interoperability Based on Two Parameter Representation
Authors: Sha Lin , Liu Jiangang , Chen Zhixin
Published: August 2022

The interoperability of wireless charging for electric vehicles refers to the radio energy transmission that meets the performance and function requirements of different manufacturers and different models of electric vehicles on the premise of meeting the relevant requirements. If it fails to meet the requirements, the wireless charging system of electric vehicles has difficulty to realize interconnection and low charging efficiency, Therefore, how to evaluate the interoperability is a key issue in the promotion of electric vehicle wireless charging. In this paper, an interoperability evaluation method based on two parameters is proposed. The interoperability impedance plane is constructed by the system detuning coefficient A. The comprehensive evaluation of different compensation networks and coupling coils is realized; the power characteristic impedance ε is obtained by analyzing and calculating the relationship between the transmission power of the system while the system impedance, and the transmission power evaluation of the wireless power transmission system is realized. At the same time, according to simulation and experiment, it was verified that A meets the interoperability requirements when A is in the range of (−0.62, 0.62) in the aligned position and (−0.75, 0.75) in the offset position. When the input voltage is 200 V, when ε satisfies 0.1925 ≥ ε > 0.0925, the system WPT2 power level transmission interoperability requirements are met. The method in this paper can guide the interoperability evaluation of electric vehicle wireless charging.
Impact of Electric Vehicles on Energy Efficiency with Energy Boosters in Coordination for Sustainable Energy in Smart Cities
Authors: Kumar Pawan , Nikolovski Srete , Ali Ikbal , Thomas Mini S. , Ahuja Hemant
Published: August 2022

The use of electric vehicles (EVs) has recently increased in a smart city environment. With this, the optimal location of the charging station is a great challenge and, hence, the energy efficiency performance (EEP) of an electrical system is important. Ideally, the EEP is realized through passive energy boosters (PEBs) and active energy boosters (AEBs). PEBs require no external resources, and EEP is achieved through altering the network topology and loading patterns, whereas, in AEBs, integrating external energy resources is a must. The EEP has also become dynamic with the integration of an energy storage system (ESS) in a deregulated environment. Customer energy requirement varies daily, weekly, and seasonally. In this scenario, the frequent change in network topology requires modifying the size and location of AEBs. It alters the customers’ voltage profile, loadability margin, and supply reliability when the EV works differently as a load or source. Therefore, a comprehensive EEP analysis with different probabilistic loading patterns, including ESS, must be performed at the planning stage. This work uses a harmony search algorithm to evaluate EEP for AEBs and PEBs, in coordination, when ESS works as a load or source, at four locations, for customers’ and utilities’ benefits.
Optimization of Air Flotation and the Combination of Air Flotation and Membrane Filtration in Microalgae Harvesting
Authors: Zhao Fangchao , Li Zhichao , Han Xixi , Shao Zhuang , Li Zongxue
Published: August 2022

On account of its small size and poor sedimentation performance, microalgae harvesting is restricted from a wider application. Air flotation is an efficient and fast solid–liquid separation technology, which has the potential to overcome the impediments of microalgae harvesting. In this study, factors influencing microalgae harvesting by air flotation were investigated. The results illustrated that bound extracellular organic matter (bEOM) had a greater effect on microalgae harvesting by air flotation, compared with dissolved extracellular organic matter (dEOM). Microalgae harvesting by air flotation in different growth stages proceeded, and the effect of air flotation in the heterotrophic stage was better than the autotrophic stage. The molecular weight distributions demonstrated that after air flotation, the proportion of high MW substance increased, while the proportion of low MW substance decreased, regardless of whether dEOM or bEOM. Membrane filtration was carried out for the algal solutions before and after air flotation. The membrane of pre-flotation algal solution had a higher critical flux of 51 L/m2·h than that of no-pre-flotation (24 L/m2·h), and, thus, pre-flotation had an active effect on membrane filtration in microalgae harvesting. Moreover, the combination of air flotation and membrane filtration provided an efficient technology for microalgae harvesting.
Seleção de cultivares de sorgo sacarino para produção de etanol
Authors: Helena Lima Iara , Anjos Danilo do
Published: August 2022

O sorgo sacarino vem ganhando destaque no cenário agrícola brasileiro, por se tratar de uma espécie de características agronômicas, semelhantes a cana de açúcar, se destacando, pelo menor tempo de cultivo, e resistências a fatores bióticos e abióticos, que impossibilitam o cultivo da cana. Objetivando determinar cultivares de sorgo sacarino, que demonstram adaptabilidade nas condições edafoclimáticas do município de Confresa- MT, o presente estudo, avaliou 23 híbridos experimentais do Programa de Melhoramento da Embrapa Milho e Sorgo. O trabalho foi desenvolvido com delineamento experimental em látice triplo, analisando características como altura de plantas, diâmetro do colmo, número de colmos, peso de massa verde, resistência ao acamamento, peso de colmo, volume de caldo, sólidos solúveis totais, número de panículas e período de maturação (ciclo). Houve variabilidade genética para todas as características exceto número de colmos. Foi observado uma relação positiva entre a variável diâmetro de colmo e altura de plantas, para o acúmulo de biomassa, e volume de caldo. As cultivares CMSXS5040, e CMSXS5042 apresentaram desempenho satisfatório para cultivo na região.
Pengaruh Pengalaman Kerja, Kompetensi, dan Etika Profesi Terhadap Kualitas Hasil Audit Pada KJA (Kantor Jasa Akuntansi) di Kota Semarang (Studi Kasus Pada Karyawan KJA di Kota Semarang)
Authors: Windasafitri Zafira , Salim Noor
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze the Effect of Work Experience, Competence, and Professional Ethics on the Quality of Audi Results. The independent variables analyzed in this study are Work Experience, Competence, and Professional Ethics, and Quality of Audit Results as the dependent variable. The sample used in this study consisted of 100 employees of KJA (Accounting Services Office) in the city of Semarang. Sampling was done by purposive sampling method by distributing questionnaires. The data analysis in this study used validity and reliability tests, normality tests, multicollinearity tests, heteroscedasticity tests, multiple linear regression tests, feasibility tests of a model (F test), individual parameter significance tests (t statistical tests), and coefficient of determination test (R2). ) with the help of the SPSS program. The results showed that work experience had a positive and significant effect on the quality of audit results, competence had a positive and significant effect on the quality of audit results, and professional ethics had a positive and significant effect on the quality of audit results.
MACI - modelo para autoria colaborativa de programas de intervenções para dispositivos móveis
Authors: Dantas Laurentino Augusto , Da Silva Joab Cavalcante , Oliveira Raphael Christian dos Santos , Pimentel Maria da Graça Campos
Published: August 2022

Neste artigo apresentamos o modelo para a autoria colaborativa de programas de intervenções para dispositivos móveis (MACI). O modelo proposto divide o processo de monitoramento de participantes por intervenções programadas em quatro etapas sequenciais e cíclicas. Como principais características do modelo pode ser citado a sua simplicidade e a definição precisa das tarefas e objetivos de cada etapa, o que permite que sejam definidos os atores, seus papéis, as tarefas a serem realizadas e os resultados esperados. Como prova de conceito do modelo foi desenvolvida a ferramenta de autoria colaborativa para a criação de programas de intervenções programadas fundamentados no ESM (FACEE),  que aplica técnicas de Desenvolvimento de Software pelo Usuário Final (EUD) para ofertar a especialistas, com pouca ou nenhuma experiência em desenvolvimento de software, a possibilidade de criarem programas de intervenções programadas seguindo o método de amostragem de experiência (ESM).
O direito fundamental ao meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado: a responsabilidade civil pela degradação ambiental
Authors: Ferreira Rafael Alem Mello , Carneiro Tamara Freitas Torres
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo aborda questões atinentes as modificações e a exploração do meio ambiente que decorrem das atividades humanas e as consequências danosas que tais condutas trazem a esse bem jurídico. É imperioso observar que o meio ambiente deve ser analisado como um direito fundamental sendo que seu equilíbrio é garantido constitucionalmente. A responsabilidade civil por danos ao meio ambiente se dá objetivamente onde não se analisa o elemento culpa pela ocorrência do dano. Contudo, ainda se tem grande controvérsia doutrinária quanto sua estruturação teórica e aplicação prática. Dessa forma, a teoria da responsabilidade integral vem sendo aplicada, não obstante ainda sensível discrepância quanto sua aplicação pelos órgãos jurisdicionais. O amadurecimento e aperfeiçoamento do recente direito ambiental brasileiro não comporta a permanência desta controvérsia em um instituto tão central como é a responsabilidade civil, além de fonte de grande insegurança jurídica. O meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado é direito fundamental e merece proteção, sendo o instituto da responsabilidade civil meio adequado a garantir a manutenção de tal garantia constitucional, contudo, necessário o emprego teórico estrutural acertado.
Repercussão de acontecimentos motivados pela pandemia da COVID-19 e a atuação do profissional médico veterinário frente a essa nova realidade
Authors: Bonatto Carolina , Ramella Keli Daiane Cristina Libardi
Published: August 2022

Diante da pandemia da COVID-19, o cenário mundial das diferentes profissões sofreu muitas reformulações e adaptações. No ambiente profissional e acadêmico, as aulas e algumas atividades presenciais foram suspensas, tornando o método remoto uma das ferramentas mais utilizadas e importantes daquele momento. Em decorrência da situação pandêmica, em um cenário de muitas incertezas, papéis importantes foram assumidos pelos mais diversos profissionais, com o intuito de preservar a saúde única. Assim como muitos profissionais, os médicos veterinários atuaram nas mais diferentes situações, entre elas: na contribuição para a formulação de vacinas contra a COVID-19, na atuação em linhas de frente junto aos profissionais da saúde, no apoio para a população e na busca por soluções no enfrentamento à COVID-19. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar sobre a atuação do profissional médico veterinário diante da pandemia e as dificuldades enfrentadas nos últimos anos.
Inclusão em educação: possibilidades de práticas inclusivas no atendimento em sala de recursos multifuncionais
Authors: Nascimento Jussara Cassiano , Dos Santos Késia Cosendey Sindra Mescolin , Santos Karla Cristina de Souza
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo trata da inclusão em educação, articulando o termo ao atendimento em sala de recursos multifuncionais, tendo como foco a identidade dos discentes do público-alvo da Educação Especial. O estudo teve por objetivos: 1) Discutir a temática da inclusão em educação, apresentando bases legais que a legitimam; e 2) Apresentar possibilidades de práticas inclusivas no atendimento em sala de recursos multifuncionais para os alunos com necessidades educacionais em uma escola pública federal, localizada na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Sabe-se que a constituição de 1988 estabelece como princípio a Inclusão em Educação, constituindo-se um direito assegurado e que a escola inclusiva deve ser pautada no reconhecimento da diversidade e na aprendizagem centrada nas potencialidades de todos os educandos. Conclui-se que o início do trabalho na sala de recursos multifuncionais foi um pequeno passo para a implementação de políticas inclusivas em nosso espaço escolar, considerando que o sujeito tem o direito de aprender, caminhando para um processo de escolarização que não exclui os alunos, mas considera as especificidades de cada um deles.