bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hukuk Devleti Bağlamında Türkiye'de Olağanüstü Hal Rejiminin Sınırları
Authors: ADIGÜZEL Rıza
Published: May 2023

Modern demokratik hukuk sistemlerinde olağanüstü hâl rejimleri, yürütmenin yetki alanını önemli ölçüde genişletmesine rağmen, hukuk dışı yönetim usulleri olarak kabul edilmemektedir. Bu dönemlerde yürütme her ne kadar temel hak ve özgürlükleri olağan dönemlere kıyasla daha geniş bir sınırlandırma rejimine tabi tutabilirse de bu sınırlamalar anayasa, kanun ve devletin taraf olduğu uluslararası insan hakları sözleşmelerine aykırı olmamak zorundadır. Yürütmenin bu sınırlar içinde hareket etmesini sağlayacak olan şey ise etkili bir denetimdir. Burada karşımıza siyasal ve yargısal denetim mekanizmaları çıkmaktadır. Siyasal denetimin sınırları düşünüldüğünde ise olağanüstü hâl rejimlerini hukuki sınırlar içinde tutmakta yargısal denetimin önemi daha da artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de olağanüstü hâl rejiminin sınırları ortaya konduktan sonra bu rejimin denetimi hukuk devleti bağlamında ve Anayasa Mahkemesi kararları ışığında ortaya konulmaya çalışılacaktır..
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ACCEPTANCE OF MEANINGFUL HUMAN CONTROL AS A NORM OF INTERNATIONAL LAW IN ARMED CONFLICTS USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors: AKKUŞ Berkant
Published: May 2023

One major area of concern in relation to the use of autonomous weapon systems is that it involves humans giving some, if not all, control over a weapon system to a form of computer. This idea relates to the concerns that a computer’s ability to autonomously operate weapon systems puts the control of these systems beyond the bounds of the armed forces. This article examines the role that the concept of meaningful human control plays in the ongoing discourse, describes current perspectives of what meaningful human control entails, and reviews its value in the context of the analysis of AWS presented in this article. Within this article, as is the case in the wider debate, the term meaningful human control is used to describe a quality that is perceived to be essential for a given attack to be considered to be compliant with international humanitarian law rules. It does not denote a specific class of weapon systems that permit or require a minimum level of human control; rather, it infers that a weapon that is used in an attack that is legally compliant with international humanitarian law rules would essentially incorporate a meaningful level of human control.
Interactional meta-discourse and phraseology in newspaper editorials during the Russia-Ukraine War
Authors: Al-Subhi Aisha Saadi
Published: May 2023

The massive influence of media in our daily life has led to an increased interest of analyzing media discourse among linguists. A newspaper editorial is a distinctive register of print media that expresses the newspaper’s opinion about current issues in the world. The present study showed the results of a linguistic comparative analysis of the language of newspaper editorials that are published recently during the Russia-Ukraine War. The investigation is based on samples taken from leading newspapers in the USA and the UAE. The corpus consists of 24 editorials totaling about 16,673 words written in English. The study aimed to investigate two fundamental principles of language use, namely: meta-discourse and phraseology in the genre of newspaper editorials adapting a quantitative content analysis approach. Hyland’s (2005b) interactional model of meta-discourse has been applied in the analysis. Data showed a high level of similarity between the USA and the UAE editorials in terms of frequency of several linguistic markers. Data also showed that stance markers were significantly higher than engagement markers in both corpora. Moreover, results reported a variety of use of collocations, modality, and idiomatic expressions. The study concluded that newspaper editorials are argumentative texts that are distinguished by the use of hedges, attitude markers, and other persuasive devices. The study combines key linguistic concepts and contributes to the field of discourse analysis as it provides useful insights about media discourse and newspaper discourse particularly editorials.
A Touch of ‘Realism’?
Authors: Walser-Bürgler Isabella
Published: May 2023

The beginning of the ‘modern’ novel usually is dated between the middle of the eighteenth until the middle of the nineteenth century when realism reshaped the centuries old design of the novel. A crucial feature of the new realist model was the turning away from the typified black-and-white characters as predetermined social representatives acting in a predictable world and the turning towards individualized characters whose actions are driven by more relatable human thoughts. However, early traces of this realist model of designing characters are already visible in some of the finest examples of Neo-Latin novel writing. By examining different Neo-Latin novels from the Early Modern Period, this article highlights the realist character development in pre-modern times.
Teacher Questioning Strategies Employed in Speaking Classes in EFL Setting: A Study of Classroom Interaction
Authors: Saswati Risna
Published: May 2023

This study investigates the employment of teachers questioning strategies in Speaking classes in an EFL setting. This study intends to find out how the teachers employ those questioning strategies as well as to investigate whether the type of questioning strategies and the way teachers apply those types of questioning strategies assist learners in engaging in classroom interaction. The participants were teachers teaching Speaking classes and learners attending the classes. This study employed descriptive qualitative research using videotaped class observations and transcription as the techniques of data collection. The teachers’ questioning strategies and learners’ responses are highlighted and analyzed. The referential and follow-up questions were applied in the while-speaking stage to gain information from the learners and the class. The questions were addressed to the class and individuals to assist learners getting involved in the interaction. The display and follow-up questions were addressed more in a post-speaking stage, used for an assessment for today’s lesson. The results reveal that teachers mostly use display questions in the pre-speaking stage to introduce the new lesson, set the class mood, as the motivating strategies, and attract the class’s attention to the new lesson. The type of questions employed by the teachers are effective to make the learners involved in classroom interaction must be based on the needs and time. The way teachers address questions should be started in the class, in small groups, and with individuals. Teacher wait-time is one of the facilities for teachers are expected to provide learners as a learning opportunity.
Improving The Students’ Speaking Confidence by Online Learning
Authors: Suseno Imam , Rasul Tarmizi , Supadi Supadi
Published: May 2023

There are some problems being faced by English teachers especially at SMK Kesuma Bangsa  Depok to teach English. Enriching their students’ vocabulary and teaching parts of speech especially tenses are the two most challenging efforts. The appropriate methods to teach both of them were  an Oral Questioning and Guiding in L1 (OQIGIL) methods. This study used an online action research implemented in   SMK Kesuma Bangsa  Depok grade XII, taking three months started in October to December 2021. This study involved 54 students of the Office Management Automation Program (OTKP) selected by simple random sampling. There were some activities to do during this  action reseach cycle:  1) an action planning setting, 2) an action, 3) an observation, an evaluation, and 4) a reflection.  The result  of this study show that the OQIGIL method used in this classroom action research has made the students speak English confidently and appropriately since the average of the students’ English speaking scores are 74,54 at the first cycle and becomes 74,54 at the second cycles and the average of the third cycles is 79,63. The  data  indicate that there are four students (7%) at the first cycle, 23 students (43%) at the second cycles, and 33 students (61,11 %) at the third cycles to speak English confidently since the students are challenged to think English  appropriately from the English materials directed in L1 by their English teachers and group captains during online learning
Process Switching and Its Meaning towards Transgender Identity: An SFL Perspective
Authors: Manar Marsandi , Mulyati Sri
Published: May 2023

This SFL study attempts to scrutinise the process-type switching and its underlying meanings in the cyber-based interactive responses towards an issue of transgender. The issue is confined to the suspected genital reconstruction surgery of an Indonesian celebrity that becomes viral and triggers public debate on social media. 254 Indonesian clauses of interactive comments addressing the issue of transgender identity on a YouTube video of more than 2 million views were analysed. Prompting and replying responses were investigated for their categorization of process types by employing the tables of analysis adapted from the experiential meaning framework of Halliday and Matthiessen (2004). The analysis reveals some occurrences of process type switching in the interactive responses among responders in addressing the Indonesian sensitive and viral issue of transgender identity. In responding to the prompting comments, responders tended to employ relational and material clauses to establish values, evidences, and impacts in objective ways while they also used mental and verbal processes to affect one another in subjective ways. This Hallidayan study hints that the process switching among responders in addressing the issue of transgender is associated with the strategies for maintaining and spreading their ideology by confirming, strengthening, adding, and even arguing.
The Need to Teach Grammar in IELTS Listening Class
Authors: Sawitri Rahmarni , Riyanto Riyanto
Published: May 2023

The aim of this research is to examine the effect of grammar mastery on listening skills. Does someone’s mastery of grammar affect his listening skills? If it does, to what extent? To answer these questions, data, in a form of test answers were collected from students taking the IELTS Preparatory Class. The Listening section in IELTS consists of several types of questions including gap completion, matching and multiple choice questions. The focus of this research is on the gap completion questions as these types of questions  require test takers to write down words/phrases/numbers as the answers; therefore, grammar mistakes are noticeable if there are any. Many students find the gap completion section quite challenging as they have to complete the blanks with a word or phrase used in a conversation accurately in terms of both spelling and grammar. Consequently, being able to get the right word or phrase to answer the question is important. The researchers tried to examine whether knowing some grammar can improve test takers’ possibility of getting correct answers. The finding show that students’ mastery of grammar, to some extent, has an effect on their listening skills. Knowing some grammar can help students get grammatically correct answers. As grammar is not a learning focus in most IELTS Preparatory classes, it is recommended that teachers select what grammar points should be addressed, to a certain degree, in order to improve test takers’ listening comprehension and accuracy.
Utilizing Edmudo to Teach Writing with GBA in The Blended Learning Platform
Authors: Yuniar Rendhi Fatrisna
Published: May 2023

This conceptual paper provides a future study based on a strategy of utilizing Edmodo to teach writing with a genre based approach (GBA) in the blended learning platform. Innovation in English teaching and learning process, especially in writing skills in this rapid growth technology era becomes challenge for teachers. Lack of time allocation, students’ writing skill, and the attention of writing significance become the obstacles in teaching and learning process. However, teaching writing needs appropriate approach in order to have good capability in writing skills. This paper went on to analyze suitable approach in teaching writing. This paper consists of the stages of genre-based approach namely Building Knowledge of the Field (BKOF), Modeling of the Text (MOT), Joining Construction of the Text (JCOT), and Independent Construction of the Text (ICOT) will be implemented through face to face activity and online by taking the advantage of Edmodo. The classroom activity was conducted to provide students with the basic concept of writing while the online activity was carried out in addressing the issues of limited time allotment for English writing, lack of students writing skill, and writing process significance in learning English. The conceptual paper signifies to supplement literatures for academics as reference for their research. The result of this future research may provide information about utilizing Edmodo to teach writing with a genre based approach. It will also be relevant to teachers who have difficulty in teaching writing.
The Effect of Grammar Mastery and Self-Esteem towards Students’ Speaking Skill
Authors: Tiana Delis Meta , Jimmi Jimmi , Lestari Rina
Published: May 2023

The study’s goal is to discover and to investigate how students’ grammatical knowledge and sense of self-worth influence their capacity for effective oral expression empirically. The researchers adopted a quantitative strategy and used a survey to gather information. Seventy-three students were selected at random from the population of students at selected Private Vocational High Schools in East Jakarta. In order to verify the hypotheses, a multiple regression analysis was performed. The study yielded the following findings. Self-Esteem and grammatical competence go hand in hand when it comes to a student’s ability to communicate clearly. The fact shows that Sig. = 0.000 < 0.05 and Fo= 25.662. Students' fluency with grammar has a major bearing on how well they can express themselves verbally since Sig. = 0.000 < 0.05 and to= 3.788 demonstrate this to be the case. Students' confidence in their own abilities has a major bearing on how well they can express themselves. This is evidenced by the congruence between the values Sig. = 0.000 < 0.05 and to= 4.921.
 
Self-Confidence Representation Analysis in The Album Alassia Cara Know-It-All
Authors: Luthfiansyah Luthfiansyah , Fidinillah Mildan Arsdan
Published: May 2023

The purpose of the study is to analyze the representation of self-confidence in the song lyrics in the album Alessia Cara Know-It-All by using the denotative meaning and connotative meaning in Roland Barthes' Semiotics and Lindenfield’s theory. In this research, the writers used Semiotic theory put forward by Roland Barthes which divides Semiotics into three parts, namely denotative meaning, connotative meaning and myth as well as to represent self-confidence, the writers used Lindenfield's theory which states that there are four characteristics of self-confidence, namely: (1) Self-love, (2) Self-understanding, (3) Clear goals, and (4) Positive mind. In the three parts of Roland Barthes' Semiotics, the discussion is limited by representing self-confidence through denotative and connotative meanings according to the data the writer found in the album Alessia Cara Know-It-All. Based on the results of the analysis, the representation of self-confidence in the Know-It-All album is 30 data altogether consisting of self-love 2 data or 6.7%, self-understanding is 5 data or 16.7%, clear goals is 13 data or 43.3% and being positive is 10 data or 33.3%. So it can be concluded that the most dominant representation is a clear goal.
Enhancing Reading Comprehension by Using the Strategies of Scanning and Skimming for Institute of Technology Indonesia CIE's Fourth Level Students
Authors: Widyawati Wiwik Yully , Simanjuntak Herlina Lindaria
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this research is to determine the students' of CIE fourth level achievement in reading skill by scanning and skimming strategies, as well as the effectiveness of scanning and skimming strategies at Institute of Technology Indonesia. The pre-experimental research technique was employed by using a one-group pretest-posttest design. The population of this research was a fourth level CIE class of 60 students, and the sample was a class of IV-A pupils of 20 students. The instrument was a 25-question of multiple-choice survey. The findings prior to utilizing the scanning and skimming method, pretest; the maximum score was 80, the lowest score was 56, the mean score was 70.6, the median score was 72; and the mode score was 72, the standard deviation was 8.13, and the variance was 66.15. The posttest findings of the scanning and skimming approach were as follows: the highest score was 100, the lowest score was 72, the mean score was 92, the median score was 96, the mode score was 96, the variance was 80.84, and the standard deviation was 8,99. Based on the findings of the research, the tcount was 4.352 with a significant threshold of 0.05 and the ttable was 2,086, and the scores were compared. As a result, tcount exceeds ttable (4.352 > 2,086).  It signifies that the research hypothesis (H1) has been accepted. In conclusion, utilizing scanning and skimming strategies has a considerable influence on reading comprehension at the fourth level students of Institute of Technology Indonesia.
ADAPTIVE CYCLIC PREFIX LENGTH FOR CONVOLUITIONAL CODE OFDM SYSTEM IN FREQUENCY SELECTIVE CHANNEL
Authors: Aljanaby Ashwaq A. Abed , Salah AL -Deen Malathe Salah AL -Deen
Published: May 2023

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is one of recent years multicarrier modulation used in order to combat the Inter Symbol Interference (ISI) introduced by frequency selective mobile radio channel. The circular extension of the data symbol, commonly referred to as cyclic prefix is one of the key elements in an OFDM transmission scheme. This paper study The influence of the cyclic prefix duration on the BER performance of an OFDM-VCPL (Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing - Variable Cyclic Prefix Length) system and the conventional OFDM system with frame 64-QAM modulation is evaluated by means of computer simulation in a multipath fading channel. The adaptation of CP is done with respect to the delay spread estimation of the channel.
3-D OBJECT RECOGNITION USING MULTI-WAVELET AND NEURAL NETWORK
Authors: Ismail Dr. Tariq Zeyad , Abode Zainab Ibrahim
Published: May 2023

This search has introduced the techniques of multi-wavelet transform and neural network for recognition 3-D object from 2-D image using patches. The proposed techniques were tested on database of different patches features and the high energy subband of discrete multi-wavelet transform DMWT (gp) of the patches. The test set has two groups, group (1) which contains images, their (gp) patches and patches features of the same images as a part of that in the data set beside other images, (gp) patches and features, and group (2) which contains the (gp) patches and patches features the same as a part of that in the database but after modification such as rotation, scaling and translation. Recognition by back propagation (BP) neural network as compared with matching by minimum distance, gave (94%) and (83%) score by using group (1), (gp) and features respectively, which is much better than the minimum distance. Recognition using (gp) neural network (NN) gave a (94%) and (72%) score by using group (2), (gp) and features respectively, while the minimum distance gave (11%) and (33%) scores. Time consumptionthrough the recognition process using (NN) with (gp) is less than that minimum distance.
VARIATION OF SOME WATER QUALITY PARAMETERS OF HUWAIZA MARSH IN SOUTHERN IRAQ
Authors: Al-Musawi Tariq J.Kadhem
Published: May 2023

Huwaiza marsh is considered the largest marsh in the southern part of Iraq. It is located between 31° and 31.75° latitude and extends over the Iraqi-Iranian border; but the largest part lies in Iraq. It is located to the east of Tigris River in Messan and Basra governorates.In this research, the variation of some water quality parameters at different locations of Huwaiza marsh were studied to find out its efficacy in the treatment of the contamination coming from the wastewater outfall of Kahlaa brokendown sewage treatment plant which lies on the Kahlaa River. This rive is the main feeder of Huwaiza marsh. Ten water quality sampling locations were chosen in this marsh. The water samples were taken during 2009 for three months; January, April and August representing winter, spring and  summer respectively.The results of water quality analyses showed that Kahlaa untreated sewage had a negative impact on the water quality of Huwazia marsh; especially in its upstream region. Analyses of water samples taken from the middle and downstream end of the marsh showed that the marsh water is safe for fishing and swimming in these regions.
SDPLL-Based Frequency Estimation of a Sinusoid in Colored Noise
Authors: Alwan Nuha Abdul Sahib , Fakhri Zainab Hassan
Published: May 2023

The problem of frequency estimation of a single sinusoid observed in colored noise is addressed. Our estimator is based on the operation of the sinusoidal digital phase-locked loop (SDPLL) which carries the frequency information in its phase error after the noisy sinusoid has been acquired by the SDPLL. We show by computer simulations that this frequency estimator beats the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) on the frequency error variance for moderate and high SNRs when the colored noise has a general low-pass filtered (LPF) characteristic, thereby outperforming, in terms of frequency error variance, several existing techniques some of which are, in addition, computationally demanding. Moreover, the present approach generalizes on existing work that addresses different methods of sinusoid frequency estimation involvingspecific colored noise models such as the moving average (MA) noise model. An insightful theoretical analysis is presented to support the practical findings.
Free Head Shear Test on Decomposed Granite Soil
Authors: Mekkiyah Haider Mohammed , Khallawi Abbas Malik
Published: May 2023

The study presents the test results of Completely Decomposed Granite (CDG) soil tested under drained triaxial compression, direct shear and simple shear tests. Special attention was focused on the modification of the upper halve of conventional Direct Shear Test (DST) to behave as freehead in movement along with vertical strain control during shear stage by using Geotechnical Digital System (GDS). The results show that Free Direct Shear Test (FDST) has clear effect on the measured shear stress and vertical strain during the test. It has been found that shear strengthparameters measured from FDST were closer to those measured from simple shear and drained triaxial compression test. This study also provides an independent check on the consistency of the data by providing an interpretation for angle of dilation together with shearing resistance by using flow rule analysis
Cross Dipole Antennas Solution for Angle of Arrival Estimation
Authors: Noori Noori Hussein , Mohammed Bassim Sayed , Abdul-Sadah Jafar Wadi
Published: May 2023

The Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) algorithm is the most popular algorithm to estimate the Angle of Arrival (AOA) of the received signals. The analysis of this algorithm (MUSIC) with typical array antenna element ( ) shows that there are two false direction indication in the planaligned with the axis of the array. In this paper a suggested modification on array system is proposed by using two perpendiculars crossed dipole array antenna in spite of one array antenna. The suggested modification does not affect the AOA estimation algorithm. The simulation and results shows that the proposed solution overcomes the MUSIC problem without any effect on the performance of the system.
Strategies For Retaining Scarce Skills and Reducing Turnover in The South African Public Sector
Authors: Thusi Xolani , Chauke Richard
Published: May 2023

The South African public sector confronts a problem in retaining scarce skills because it competes in the labour market with the private sector, which provides higher packages/ benefits and conducive working conditions. Higher turnover of workers with scarce skills is a serious problem for service delivery and a costly exercise for the government. When scarce-skilled employees leave the public sector, vacant positions in the institutions' post establishments arise; as a result, the public institutions' ability to provide quality service delivery declines, and the recruitment and selection process is a costly process that further strains the government's budget. The capacity of a public institution to provide world-class service to its citizens is entirely dependent on the availability of competent staff who will carry out their tasks in such a manner that service delivery is enhanced. This paper aims to assess the current turnover rate among scarce skills employees within the South African public sector, and present viable alternatives for the government to address the escalating turnover issues, ultimately ensuring the retention of these valuable employees. To achieve the objective of the article, this paper used a review of the literature. The findings of this study revealed that the South African public sector is having difficulty attracting and retaining scarce skilled employees, which has a negative impact on the delivery and development of services. This higher turnover is faced by all levels of government and is driven by a competition for scarce skills between the government and the private sector, unfavourable working conditions, and less competitive packages, which has resulted in a situation where posts in the public sector remain vacant for longer periods of time. Few studies address concerns about scarce skills, high turnover, and personnel retention, particularly in the South African public sector. The author contends that this field should be further researched because effective and efficient public service delivery depends on the qualified staff.
CHAPTER13
Authors: Garcia Ricardo
Published: May 2023

Review Book on The Theory of Univalent FunctionsChapter 13
Memahami Konsensus Unnalli Melo dalam Perspektif Hans Kung Demi Merawat Sikap Toleransi Beragama
Authors: Randana' Selim
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan unnalli melo sebagai pembersatu keharmonisan antar umat beragama. Perihal tersebut dalam penulisan ini memakai perspektif Hans Kung, dimana Hans yang memiliki perbedaan dalam beragumentasi terhadap agama itu sendiri, Hans menyakini bahwa ketika ingin membangun suatu relasi antar umat beragama dan merawat sikap toleransi tersebut. Maka daripada itu perlu metode kritis ekunemis dan Hans beranggapan perlunya suatu relasi atau dialog antara umat beragama.
ChatGPT in Medical Physics: A Glimpse
Authors: Zhang Jie , Mills Michael
Published: May 2023

ChatGPT has potential in medical fields like dermatology, obstetrics, clinical toxicology, and radiology. However, its potential in medical physics is largely unexplored. Medical physics applies physics principles to healthcare and ChatGPT can be used for daily quality control, developing accurate algorithms for medical image analysis, predictive models for radiation dose calculations, and patient-specific dosimetry. Further research is required to explore ChatGPT's potential in medical physics.
The impact of mass incarceration on families and communities
Authors: noul asad
Published: May 2023

The impact of mass incarceration on families andcommunities
CHAPTER10
Authors: Garcia Ricardo
Published: May 2023

CHAPTER 10 REVIEW BOOK ON THE THEORY OF UNIVALENT FUNCTIONS
PENGERTIAN DAN PENERAPAN SISTEM INFORMASI, ORGANISASI DAN STRATEGI
Authors: AZWANI NAZLY AYU
Published: May 2023

Sistem Informasi yaitu suatu sistem yang menyediakan informasi untuk manajemen dalam mengambil keputusan dan juga untuk menjalankan operasional perusahaan, di mana sistem tersebut merupakan kombinasi dari orang-orang, teknologi informasi dan prosedur-prosedur yang terorganisasi. Biasanya suatu perusahaan atau badan usaha menyediakan semacaminformasi yang berguna bagi manajemen. Sebagai contoh: Perusahaan toko buku mempunyai sistem informasi yang menyediakan informasi penjualan buku-buku setiap harinya, serta stock buku-buku yang tersedia, dengan informasi tersebut, seorang manajer bisa membuat keputusan, stock buku apa yang harus segera mereka sediakan untuk toko buku mereka, manajer juga bisa tahu buku apa yang paling laris dibeli konsumen, sehingga mereka bisa memutuskan buku tersebut jumla stocknya lebih banyak dari buku lainnya. Perkembangan yang pesat ini juga diikuti dengan semakin ketatnya persaingan diantara produsenminuman ringan tersebut. Produsen saling berebut untuk mendapatkan pangsa pasar yang luas guna meningkatkan laba melalui volume penjualan.
ANALISIS TINGKATAN PENDIDIKAN MASYARAKAT DESA GUNUNG MALELO, KECAMATAN KOTO KAMPAR HULU, PROVINSI RIAU.
Authors: Alfalah Riski
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkatan pendidikan masyarakat yang tamat SD/sederajat, tamat SMP/sederajat, tamat SMA/sederajat, tamat D-1/sederajat, tamat D-2/sederajat, tamat D-3/sederajat, tamat S-1/sederajat, tamat S-2/sederajat, dan tamat S-3/sederajat, dan yang tidak termasuk kategori tamat SD/sederajat, tamat SMP/sederajat, tamat SMA/sederajat, tamat D-1/sederajat, tamat D-2/sederajat, tamat D-3/sederajat, tamat S-1/sederajat, tamat S-2/sederajat, dan tamat S-3/sederajat di Desa Gunung Malelo,Kecamatan Koto Kampar Hulu, Kabupaten Kampar,Provinsi Riau. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data penelitian ini adalah data tingkatan pendidikan masyarakat yang di dapat dari wawancara dengan perangkat desa gunung malelo, data penelitian ini berjumlah 4.925 orang masyarakat di desa gunung malelo,kecamatan koto kampar hulu, kabupaten kampar,provinsi riau. Data utama dari penelitian ini adalah kata atau ucapan dari narasumber yang di catat secara tertulis dengan seksama dan di rekam melalui alat rekam berupa telepon genggam. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa persentase masyarakat yang tamat SD/sederajat sebesar 1,03%,persentase masyarakat yang tamat SMP/sederajat sebesar 37,96 %,persentase masyarakat yang tamat SMA/sederajat sebesar 28,38 %,persentase masyarakat yang tamat D-1/sederajat sebesar 0,04 % ,persentase masyarakat yang tamat D-2/sederajat sebesar 0,18 %,persentase masyarakat yang tamat D-3/sederajat sebesar 0,34 %, persentase masyarakat yang tamat S-1/sederajat sebesar 4,02 %,persentase masyarakat yang tamat S-2/sederajat sebesar 0,16 %,persentase masyarakat yang tamat S-3/sederajat sebesar 0,06 %,persentase masyarakat yang tidak termasuk kategori tamat SD/sederajat, tamat SMP/sederajat, tamat SMA/sederajat, tamat D-1/sederajat, tamat D-2/sederajat, tamat D-3/sederajat, tamat S-1/sederajat, tamat S-2/sederajat, dan tamat S-3/sederajat sebesar 27,79 %,tingkatan pendidikan yang memiliki persentase terbesar adalah persentase masyarakat yang tamat SMP/sederajat,yaitu sebesar 37,96 % dan yang terkecil adalah persentase masyarakat yang tamat D-1/sederajat,yaitu sebesar 0,04%.
PENGERTIAN TATA KELOLA PEMERINTAHAN DESA
Authors: PASARIBU NINA TRESIA
Published: May 2023

Undang-Undang Nomor 6 tahun 2014 tentang Desa memberikan tanggungjawab yang besar bagi pemerintah Desa, namun pemberian tanggungjawab yang besar tersebut tidak dibarengi dengan penyiapan sumber daya manusia yang baik, sehingga tata kelola pemerintahan yang baik dilingkungan pemerintahan Desa masih jauh dari harapan. Hal ini terlihat dari masih adanya aparat Desa yang kurang disiplin dalam menjalankan tugas dan tanggungjawabnya dan di sisi lain, pemberian otonomi Desa melahirkan praktik korupsi baru di tingkat Desa. Tulisan ini mengulas penerapan good governance dalam tata kelola pemerintahan desa setelah berlakunya Undang-undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis empirik, yaitu penelitian yang bersifat sosiologis yang menjawab permasalahannya melalui studi lapangan. Pendekatan dilakukan melalui pendekatan kualitatif sehingga peneliti akan mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis tentang penerapan prinsip good governance dalam tata kelola pemerintahan desa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prinsip good governance telah diterapkan dalam penyelenggaraan pemerintahan Desa, sedangkan faktor yang menghambat pelaksanaan good governance dalampenyelenggaraan pemerintahan Desa adalah partisipasi masyarakat, sumber daya manusia, dan disiplin aparat Desa. Adapun faktor pendukung penerapan good governance dalam penyelenggaraan pemerintahan Desa adalah adanya kerjasama dan komunikasi.
Differential expression of FOSB in cancer of the cervix.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: May 2023

Almost all cervical cancers are caused by infection with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) (1-3); the transcriptional features that distinguish the gene expression programs of HPV-induced cancers from that of other solid tumors resulting from non-viral abrogation of tumor suppression remain incompletely defined. We mined published microarray datasets (4, 5) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with the most common type of cervical cancer, cervical squamous cell carcinoma. We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding FosB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit, FOSB, when comparing tumor tissue from the human cervix to the tissue of origin. FOSB mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the cervix as compared to normal tissues from the cervix. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of FOSB in tumors of the cervix was correlated with overall survival in patients with cervical cancer. FOSB expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of cancer of the cervix in humans.
Differential expression of FOS in cancer of the cervix.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: May 2023

Almost all cervical cancers are caused by infection with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) (1-3); the transcriptional features that distinguish the gene expression programs of HPV-induced cancers from that of other solid tumors resulting from non-viral abrogation of tumor suppression remain incompletely defined. We mined published microarray datasets (4, 5) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the level of the transcriptome genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with the most common type of cervical cancer, cervical squamous cell carcinoma. We found significant differential expression of the gene encoding Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit, FOS, when comparing tumor tissue from the human cervix to the tissue of origin. FOS mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the cervix as compared to normal tissues from the cervix. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of FOS in tumors of the cervix was correlated with recurrence-free survival in patients with cervical cancer. FOS expression changes may be important for the initiation or progression of cancer of the cervix in humans.
Kajian Antropologis Unnalli Melo untuk Menjaga Keharmonisan Dalam Keluarga di Toraja
Authors: Mangalik Norma
Published: May 2023

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisi unnalli melo untuk menjaga keharmonisandalam keluarga di Toraja. Meskipun dalam Unnalli melo ada pihak yang relamengorbankan harta benda bahkan harga diri. Hal itu dilakukan untuk tetap menjagakedamaian dan keharmonisan dalam keluarga. Metode analisis yang digunakan olehpenulis ialah menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Artikel inisangat bermanfaat untuk menambah wawasan mengenai analisis antropologi terhadappaham unnalli melo sebagai cara untuk menjaga kedamaian yang dapat menciptakankehidupan yang harmonis dalam keluarga.
CHAPTER15
Authors: Garcia Ricardo
Published: May 2023

Review Book on The Theory of Univalent FunctionsChapter 15
PERAN SISTEM INFORMASI MENJADI TANTANGAN MANAJEMEN
Authors: MAHARANI KANIA
Published: May 2023

Sistem informasi merupakan aplikasi komputer untuk mendukung operasi dari suatu organisasi: operasi, instalasi, dan perawatan komputer, perangkat lunak, dan data. Sistem Informasi Manajemen adalah kunci dari bidang yang menekankan finansial dan personalmanajemen. Sistem Informasi Penjualan adalah suatu sistem informasi yang mengorganisasikan serangkaian prosedur dan metode yang dirancang untuk menghasilkan, menganalisa, menyebarkan dan memperoleh informasi guna mendukung pengambilankeputusan mengenai penjualan. Secara teknis sistem informasi dapat didefinisikan sebagai sekumpulan komponen yang saling berhubungan, mengumpulkan, memproses, menyimpan dan mendistribusikan informasi untuk menunjang pengambilan keputusan dan pengawasan dalam suatu organisasi. Sistem Informasi dapat dibedakan menjadi 2, sistem informasi manualdan sistem informasi berbasis komputer (CBIS). CBIS atau selanjutnya disebut sistem informasi (SI) adalah jenis sistem informasi yang menggunakan computer.
The Ninety-Seventh Anniversary Of The Signing Of The Peace Treaty Of Lausanne
Authors: Tulun Teoman Ertuğrul
Published: May 2023

24 July is the ninety-seventh anniversary of the signing of the Peace Treaty of Lausanne (shortly Lausanne Treaty) on 24 July 1923 which legally abolished and superseded the Treaty of Sèvres of 10 August 1920 that was designed by the Allies of the World War I for the liquidation of the Ottoman Empire and virtually abolishing the Turkish sovereignty. Thanks to the Turkish War of Liberation conducted under the supervision of the Turkish Grand National Assembly in Ankara and under the able command of Mustafa Kemal a new state was born. The Grand National Assembly of Turkey abolished the Sultanate on 1 November 1922.
PENGERTIAN DAN KARAKTERSITIK SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI
Authors: LUMBANGAOL YOHANA MAY JENI
Published: May 2023

Informasi dari suatu perusahaan, terutama Informasi keuangan dibutuhkan oleh berbagai macam pihak yangberkepentingan. Pihak-pihak diluar perusahaan, seperti kreditur, calon investor, kantor pajak, dan lain-lainmemerlukan Informasi ini dalam kaitannya dengan kepentingan mereka. Di samping itu, pihak intern yaitumanajemen juga memerlukan Informasi untuk mengetahui, mengawasi, dan mengambil keputusan-keputusanuntuk menjalankan perusahaan.Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan Informasi bagi pihak luar maupun dalam perusahaan disusun suatu sistem akuntansi.Sistem ini direncanakan untuk menghasilkan Informasi yang berguna bagi pihak luar maupun dalam perusahaan.Sistem akuntansi yang disusun untuk suatu perusahaan dapat diproses secara manual (tanpa mesin-mesinpembantu) atau proses dengan menggunakan mesin-mesin mulai dari mesin pembukuan yang sederhana sampaidenagn computer.
Murburn concept in cellular function and bioenergetics, Part 1: Understanding murzymes at the molecular level
Authors: Manoj Kelath Murali , Jaeken Laurent , Bazhin Nikolai , Tamagawa Hirohisa , Kavdia Mahendra , Manekkathodi Afsal
Published: May 2023

Bioenergetics is the study of how life-activities are powered within the cell. This also deals with the interactive exchange of matter/radiation between cellular components and their environment, and the accompanying changes thereof. The acclaimed bioenergetics paradigm has relied on ‘electron transport chains’ and selective/stoichiometric electrogenic ‘ion-pumping’ mediated by vectorial protein-embedded membranes. Therein, an electrochemical gradient was deemed to be the driving force for chemical reactions leading to ATP production, physical thermogenesis by uncoupling proteins, and complex electromechanical processes like information relay along the axon. On one hand, this vitally deterministic perception requires the membrane proteins to “intelligently” manipulate ion-fluxes and generate/harness an electrochemical gradient by a gambit-type logic, and at the other hand, also seeks that the same gradient should cyclically control the membrane-proteins’ activity. Our recent pursuits have questioned such traditional perspectives, and advocated the alternate explanation of murburn concept, leading to a revamping of the macroscopic treatments of overall thermodynamic, kinetic, mechanistic and evolutionary (probability) considerations. The current review aims to consolidate the murburn paradigm of bioenergetics, wherein murzymes initiate redox processes by effective charge separation (ECS) and diffusible reactive species (DRS) formation, enabling cells to work as simple chemical engines (SCE). Herein, we discuss the reaction chemistry of some simple enzyme systems and also delve into protein complex arrays mediated powering routines like mitochondrial respiration-thermogenesis and chloroplast-centered photosynthesis. Further, we remark that the “water-ion-molecules” phase continuum is actually discretized into dynamically fluctuating coacervates, and express concern over the marginalization of sound chemico-physical ideas by the bioenergetics community.
Intuitive Global Mean Estimation in Scatterplots with Spatial Clusters
Authors: Wang Yang , Brady Timothy F.
Published: May 2023

Effective visualizations not only communicate information about individual datapoints, but also allow people to quickly extract summaries of the data. The visual perception literature has revealed 'ensemble' perception mechanisms that provide a way for people to extract statistical summaries, like the mean position of the datapoints, from visual displays like scatterplots. Prior work has focused on how people extract the mean of only a single, unified cluster of datapoints, and has not tested how accurately people extract summary statistics from more complex displays, and what strategies they use to do so. Scatterplots often contain clustered data, and identifying the global mean by aggregating across clusters can provide valuable insight for identifying trends, comparing groups, and guiding decision-making. The current studies systematically investigate how people make intuitive judgments about the global mean of two spatial clusters in scatterplots. We focus specifically on the case where people must aggregate over a larger main cluster and an 'outlier' cluster with relatively fewer points, and we vary both the number of items in each cluster and the dispersion of clusters. Our results suggest that people qualitatively differ in their perception of the mean, but all groups of participants reliably overweight the outlier group in their intuitive judgments of the mean of the datapoints.
The implications of satellite DNA instability on cellular function and evolution
Authors: Flynn Jullien Michelle , Yamashita Yukiko M.
Published: May 2023

Abundant tandemly repeated satellite DNA is present in most eukaryotic genomes. Previous limitations including a pervasive view that it was uninteresting junk DNA, combined with challenges in studying it, are starting to dissolve - and recent studies have found important functions for satellite DNAs. The observed rapid evolution and implied instability of satellite DNA now has important significance for their functions and maintenance within the genome. In this review, we discuss the processes that lead to satellite DNA copy number instability, and the importance of host-evolved mechanisms to manage the potential negative effects of instability. Satellite DNA is vulnerable to challenges during replication and repair, since it forms difficult-to-process secondary structures and its tandem homology can result in various types of recombination. Satellite DNA instability may be managed by DNA or chromatin-binding proteins ensuring proper nuclear localization and repair, or by proteins that process aberrant structures that satellite DNAs tend to form. We also discuss the patterns of satellite DNA changes from recent mutation accumulation studies (approach allowing mutations to accumulate in several independent lineages with minimal selection) that have tracked changes in satellite DNA for up to 1000 generations. Finally, we highlight examples of satellite evolution from studies that have characterized satellites across millions of years of Drosophila fruit fly evolution, and discuss possible ways that selection can be implicated on the satellite DNA composition.
Nilai-nilai Sejarah Kebudayaan Toraja Sebagai Dasar Perdamaian Antar Agama di Era Post-Mo
Authors: Dian
Published: May 2023

Penulisan ini memaparkan tentang nilai-nilai sejarah yang terdapat dalam kebudayaan Toraja, dimana hal itu menjadi pondasi perdamaian antar agama-agama di Era Post-Mo. Adapun tujuan dari penulisan ini ialah untuk mendeskripsikan nilai-nilai yang terkandung di dalam sejarah kebudayaan masyarakat Toraja, sehingga menjadi sebuah dasar perdamaian antar agama di Toraja. Nilai-nilai kebudayaan Toraja yang dimulai dari para nenek moyang sampai saat ini, menjadi kekuatan di dalam membangun kerukunan di tengah masyarakat secara khusus antar agama-agama di Toraja. Penulisan ini menjelaskan pentingnya untuk melestarikan dan mengaplikasikan pemaknaan terhadap nilai-nilai kebudayaan di dalam kehidupan setiap hari.
CHAPTER18
Authors: Garcia Ricardo
Published: May 2023

Review Book on The Theory of Univalent FunctionsChapter 18
Perceptual integration of bodily and facial emotion cues in chimpanzees and humans
Authors: Heesen Raphaela , Kim Yena , Kret Mariska , Clay Zanna
Published: May 2023

For highly visual species like primates, facial and bodily emotion expressions play a crucial role in emotion perception. However, most research focuses on facial expressions, while perception of bodily cues is still poorly understood. Using a comparative priming eye-tracking design, we examined whether our close primate relatives, the chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), and humans infer emotions from bodily cues through subsequent perceptual integration with facial expressions. In Experiment 1, we primed chimpanzees with videos of bodily movements of unfamiliar conspecifics engaged in social activities of opposite valence (play, fear) against neutral control scenes to examine attentional bias towards succeeding congruent or incongruent facial expressions. In Experiment 2, we assessed the same attentional bias in humans yet using stimuli showing unfamiliar humans. In Experiment 3, humans watched the chimpanzee stimuli of Experiment 1, to examine cross-species emotion perception. Chimpanzees exhibited a persistent fear-related attention bias but did not associate bodily with congruent facial cues. By contrast, humans prioritized conspecifics’ congruent facial expressions (matching bodily scenes) over incongruent ones (mismatching). Nevertheless, humans exhibited no congruency effect when viewing chimpanzee stimuli, suggesting difficulty in cross-species emotion perception. These results highlight differences in emotion perception, with humans being greatly affected by fearful and playful bodily cues and chimpanzees strongly biased toward fearful expressions, regardless of the preceding scene. The data advances our knowledge on the evolution of emotion signalling and presence of distinct perceptual patterns in hominids.
A web-based implementation of the two-step human reinforcement learning task
Authors: Kinley Isaac
Published: May 2023

I present a web-based implementation of the two-step human reinforcement learning task for the jsPsych library. The two-step task allows researchers to estimate the contribution of model-based and model-free reinforcement learning strategies to human decision making. The current tool enables this task to be easily incorporated into a jsPsych experiment and includes a set of interactive instructions for participants. Moreover, the tool is distributed with example R code for analyzing the data that it produces.