bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new species of the snapping shrimp genus Alpheus (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea: Alpheidae) from Japan, associated with the innkeeper worm Ikedosoma elegans (Annelida: Echiura: Echiuridae)
Authors: KOMAI TOMOYUKI
Published: December 2015

A new species of the snapping shrimp genus Alpheus Fabricius, 1798, Alpheus ikedosoma, is described and illustrated on the basis of material from Boso Peninsula and Ariake Sea, Japan. All examined specimens were extracted with the help of a bait suction pump from burrows of innkeeper worm (Annelida: Echiura), constructed on easily accessible intertidal sand beaches or sand flats. The host worm from Boso Peninsula was identified as Ikedosoma elegans (Ikeda, 1904) (Echiuridae). The new species is tentatively referred to the A. brevirostris (Olivier, 1811) species group, but it is characteristic in having several unusual features for the group, such as the very short rostrum without dorsal ridge, the absence of adrostral grooves on the carapace, the strongly reduced dorsolateral spines on the telson, the unarmed antennal basicerite, the non-elongate, almost glabrous major chela, and the lack of movable spines or spinules on ventromesial margin of each cheliped merus. The new species represents the sixth species of Alpheus associated with echiuran burrows.
The first southwest Asian record of the subfamily Microdontinae, and the description of a new species of Metadon Reemer from Iran (Diptera: Syrphidae)
Authors: GILASIAN EBRAHIM , REEMER MENNO , PARCHAMI-ARAGHI MEHRDAD
Published: December 2015

Metadon persicus Gilasian & Reemer sp. nov. is described, based on a single female specimen from the Zagros mountains in Iran. Morphological variation among the members of the genus Metadon Reemer and their distribution in the world are discussed. Photographs of the new species are provided. The subfamily Microdontinae represents a new taxon for southwestern Asia and the genus Metadon is reported from the western Palaearctic region for the first time.
A new species of Diapus Chapuis from South-West China and North Thailand (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Platypodinae)
Authors: KNÍŽEK M. , BEAVER R. A. , LIU L-Y.
Published: December 2015

The genus Diapus Chapuis was erected (Chapuis 1865) for four species of pinhole borer (Curculionidae: Platypodinae) from the Oriental region and New Guinea. It was distinguished from other platypodine genera primarily by the widely separated procoxae (Chapuis 1865). Hopkins (1914) designated Diapus quadrispinatus Chapuis, 1865 as the type species of the genus. The genus is currently placed in the platypodine tribe Tesserocerini, subtribe Diapodina (Alonso-Zarazaga & Lyal 2009). Only two genera are included in the Diapodina, Diapus and Genyocerus Motschulsky (Alonso-Zarazaga & Lyal 2009, Jordal 2015). Diapus is distinguished from Genyocerus by the following characters (Wood 1993, Beaver & Liu 2007): 1. In Diapus, the scutellum is narrower and more sunken, not flush with the elytral surface posteriorly as it is in Genyocerus. 2. The mycangial pores of Diapus are sometimes fused to form a transverse or crescentic bar on each side of the midline of the pronotum. This does not occur in Genyocerus. 3. The antennal club of Diapus sometimes has a median testaceous strip lacking sensillae on the anterior face. This strip is never present in Genyocerus. 4. The males of Diapus never possess a membranous extension of the apical margin of the fourth abdominal ventrite, present in some species of Genyocerus. 5. The females of Diapus often bear deciduous mandibular appendages, which are never present in Genyocerus (Beaver & Liu 2007).
A new species of the genus Oligodon Fitzinger, 1826 (Squamata: Colubridae) from coastal southern Vietnam
Authors: VASSILIEVA ANNA B.
Published: December 2015

A new species of the genus Oligodon from the coastal area of Binh Chau–Phuoc Buu Nature Reserve, Ba Ria–Vung Tau Province, southern Vietnam, is described. Oligodon arenarius sp. nov. is distinguishable from all other species by the unique combination of the following characters: medium size; 17 dorsal scale rows; 6–8 maxillary teeth, the posterior three being enlarged; head scalation lacking a loreal but usually including a presubocular; divided nasal; two postoculars; 131–144 ventrals; 36–60 subcaudals; unforked hemipenis, without spines or obvious papillae; sexual dimorphism displayed in the number of subcaudals (36–40 in females, 58–60 in males) and a relative tail length, tails being quite long in males (TaL/TL = 0.26–0.28) and moderate in females (TaL/TL = 0.13–0.17); head coloration pattern including ocular band, temporal bands and chevron-shaped mark on nape; dorsal coloration without distinct pattern, uniform or with dark speckling; ventrals pinkish in life, immaculate. To date, this species appear to be endemic to Vietnam.
Improved Simulation of Tropical Cyclone Responses to ENSO in the Western North Pacific in the High-Resolution GFDL HiFLOR Coupled Climate Model*
Authors: Zhang Wei , Vecchi Gabriel A. , Murakami Hiroyuki , Delworth Thomas , Wittenberg Andrew T. , Rosati Anthony , Underwood Seth , Anderson Whit , Harris Lucas , Gudgel Richard , Lin Shian-Jiann , Villarini Gabriele , Chen Jan-Huey
Published: December 2015

This study aims to assess whether, and the extent to which, an increase in atmospheric resolution of the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) Forecast-Oriented Low Ocean Resolution version of CM2.5 (FLOR) with 50-km resolution and the High-Resolution FLOR (HiFLOR) with 25-km resolution improves the simulation of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO)–tropical cyclone (TC) connections in the western North Pacific (WNP). HiFLOR simulates better ENSO–TC connections in the WNP including TC track density, genesis, and landfall than FLOR in both long-term control experiments and sea surface temperature (SST)- and sea surface salinity (SSS)-restoring historical runs (1971–2012). Restoring experiments are performed with SSS and SST restored to observational estimates of climatological SSS and interannually varying monthly SST. In the control experiments of HiFLOR, an improved simulation of the Walker circulation arising from more realistic SST and precipitation is largely responsible for its better performance in simulating ENSO–TC connections in the WNP. In the SST-restoring experiments of HiFLOR, more realistic Walker circulation and steering flow during El Niño and La Niña are responsible for the improved simulation of ENSO–TC connections in the WNP. The improved simulation of ENSO–TC connections with HiFLOR arises from a better representation of SST and better responses of environmental large-scale circulation to SST anomalies associated with El Niño or La Niña. A better representation of ENSO–TC connections in HiFLOR can benefit the seasonal forecasting of TC genesis, track, and landfall; improve understanding of the interannual variation of TC activity; and provide better projection of TC activity under climate change.
A Mechanism of Ice-Band Pattern Formation Caused by Resonant Interaction between Sea Ice and Internal Waves: A Theory
Authors: Saiki Ryu , Mitsudera Humio
Published: December 2015

Ice bands are frequently observed over marginal ice zones in polar seas. A typical ice-band pattern has a regular spacing of about 10 km and extends over 100 km in the marginal ice zone. Further, the long axis of an ice band lies to the left (right) with respect to the wind direction in the Northern (Southern) Hemisphere. Here, the study shows that the resonance between ice-band pattern propagation and internal inertia–gravity waves below the sea ice well explains the ice-band pattern formation. Internal waves are generated by the difference between the stress on the open water and the stress on ice-covered water. This in turn reinforces the formation of an ice-band pattern with a regular band spacing. Specifically, the authors have found the following: 1) A band spacing on the order of 10 km is selected by the resonance condition in which the ice-band pattern propagation speed coincides with the phase speed of internal inertia–gravity waves. 2) The ice bands tend to develop favorably when the wind direction and the band propagation direction are nearly parallel. The velocity acceleration caused by the periodic differential stress associated with the ice bands, driven by the wind parallel to the band propagation direction, is important. The wind direction may turn to the left (right) slightly in the Northern (Southern) Hemisphere as a result of the Coriolis force acting on ice. Satellite images confirmed that the band spacing of the ice-band pattern in the polar seas is consistent with this theory.
A different state of exception: Governing urban reconstruction in post-27F Chile
Authors: Farías Ignacio , Flores Patricio
Published: December 2015

The 2010 earthquake-tsunami in Chile did not just destroy cities and towns. It also revealed how the neoliberal decentralisation of the Chilean state initiated during the Pinochet dictatorship had radically diminished and fragmented territorial planning capacities, representing a major obstacle to the planning and management of the reconstruction process. In the face of this situation, exceptional reconstruction agencies were created, which engaged in the elaboration of master plans, suspending in practice – at least temporarily – existing planning authorities and instruments. These new institutional arrangements were also subject to a number of critiques, sparking moral controversies among different public actors about the contribution of these exceptional governmental agencies to the common good. Drawing on the Chilean example, this article proposes expanding the concept of the state of exception to include cases in which what is reconfigured is not the relationship between the State and the population, but the relationship between the state and its territory, so that exceptional powers can be applied upon a ‘bare land’ rather than a ‘bare life’. To the extent that this different state of exception does not reduce citizens to bodies to be protected and administered, it requires a moral rather than a technical justification.
Distance to work in Beijing: Institutional reform and bargaining power
Authors: Wang Lanlan , Qin Ping
Published: December 2015

In this study, we use a large sample from the Beijing Household Travel Survey to build husband-wife dyads, construct variables to measure bargaining power between spouses and place intra-household travel arrangements within a broader institutional framework to analyse relationships between institutions, bargaining power and travel patterns of married men and women. The empirical results reveal that bargaining power does matter in determining intra-household commute arrangements. The overarching institutional framework meanwhile sets boundaries for bargaining, and defines which resources are effective bargaining chips for individuals.
Olfactory Neuroblastoma
Authors: Nalavenkata Sunny B. , Sacks Raymond , Adappa Nithin D. , Palmer James N. , Purkey Michael T. , Feldman Michael D. , Schlosser Rodney J. , Snyderman Carl H. , Wang Eric W. , Woodworth Bradford A. , Smee Robert , Havas Thomas E. , Gallagher Richard , Harvey Richard J.
Published: December 2015

Objective

Olfactory neuroblastoma and the management of neck disease has posed considerable challenges to the treating physician. The aims of the study were to determine the incidence and factors influencing neck disease and to identify at‐risk patients with cervical node–negative disease at presentation.

Study Design

Multicenter case series with retrospective chart review.

Setting and Subjects

In sum, 113 patients with a histopathologic diagnosis of olfactory neuroblastoma across 6 tertiary hospitals in Australia and the United States.

Methods

Treatment modalities for the primary site and neck included surgery, radiotherapy, and combined therapy. Treatment outcomes were measured in relation to date of primary treatment, and long‐term follow‐up was recorded. Disease‐free survival was calculated as time for patients to develop delayed neck disease following primary treatment.

Results

A total of 113 patients (46 females, 49.7 ± 13.2 years) were identified with a median follow‐up of 41.5 months (interquartile range, 58.2); 7.1% of patients presented with primary neck disease, while 8.8% of patients presented with delayed neck disease. Neck disease was present in patients with Hyams grade II (22.2%), III (55.6%), and IV (22.2%) lesions (χ2 = 5.66, P =. 13). Histologic grade was higher in patients with primary neck disease (χ2 = 16.22, P =. 001). Positive surgical margins were associated with a higher risk of delayed neck disease as compared with clear surgical margin (17.9% vs 5%, P =. 034).

Conclusion

Neck metastasis is an important clinical consideration for olfactory neuroblastoma at presentation and in surveillance. Primary treatment of the neck could be considered in select patients. Long‐term surveillance of the neck and primary site is essential.
Neck Incision Planning for Total Laryngectomy with Pharyngectomy
Authors: Clark James H. , Feng Allen L. , Morton Katie , Agrawal Nishant , Richmon Jeremy D.
Published: December 2015

Objectives

To investigate the effect of skin incision location for total laryngectomy with pharyngectomy (TLP) on postoperative outcomes including wound dehiscence and infection rate.

Study Design

Case series with chart review.

Setting

Academic tertiary care center.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted of all patients undergoing TLP with flap closure at Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes between August 2005 and February 2013. The effects of patient characteristics and skin incision technique on postoperative wound dehiscence and infection were analyzed using cross‐tabulations and multivariate regression modeling.

Results

A total of 49 patients were included in the analysis; 31 received low‐neck apron (LNA) incisions with an incorporated tracheostoma, while the remaining 18 had mid‐neck apron (MNA) incisions with separate tracheostoma fashioned inferior to their incisions. Of these patients, 17 experienced incisional wound dehiscence (35%), and 18 contracted postoperative infections (37%). Generalized linear regression models demonstrated a significantly increased odds of wound dehiscence for patients with LNA incisions (odds ratio 29.8; 95% CI, 1.4‐631.5, P =. 029). There were no significant predictive variables for postoperative infection.

Conclusions

These results demonstrate that the use of a separately fashioned tracheostoma with MNA incision is associated with decreased rate of wound dehiscence in patients undergoing TLP.
Large Cross-National Differences in Gene × Socioeconomic Status Interaction on Intelligence
Authors: Tucker-Drob Elliot M. , Bates Timothy C.
Published: December 2015

A core hypothesis in developmental theory predicts that genetic influences on intelligence and academic achievement are suppressed under conditions of socioeconomic privation and more fully realized under conditions of socioeconomic advantage: a Gene × Childhood Socioeconomic Status (SES) interaction. Tests of this hypothesis have produced apparently inconsistent results. We performed a meta-analysis of tests of Gene × SES interaction on intelligence and academic-achievement test scores, allowing for stratification by nation (United States vs. non–United States), and we conducted rigorous tests for publication bias and between-studies heterogeneity. In U.S. studies, we found clear support for moderately sized Gene × SES effects. In studies from Western Europe and Australia, where social policies ensure more uniform access to high-quality education and health care, Gene × SES effects were zero or reversed.
Negotiated versus adversarial patterns of social democracy: a comparison between the Netherlands and France
Authors: Bevort Antoine
Published: December 2015

On the basis of Lijphart’s (1999) two forms of democracy, majoritarian and consensus, this article explores the relevance of a similar two-sided typology of negotiated versus adversarial patterns of social democracy ( démocratie sociale) for characterizing industrial relations in European Union countries and understanding the link between these patterns and a country’s social and economic performance. Social democracy ( démocratie sociale) is considered as a form of collective action in the field of industrial relations resulting from social and economic citizenship. Seven dimensions are chosen to bring out the overall patterns: welfare state regime, collective actors, collective bargaining, industrial disputes, social and economic arenas and institutions, employee representation, and decision-making processes. With France and the Netherlands being two good examples of the majoritarian and the consensus types of democracy, these countries are chosen to test the relevance of the two patterns of social democracy ( démocratie sociale). The two countries clearly illustrate the two patterns.
Evaluation of meloxicam for the treatment of obstructive feline idiopathic cystitis
Authors: Dorsch Roswitha , Zellner Friederike , Schulz Bianka , Sauter-Louis Carola , Hartmann Katrin
Published: December 2015

Objectives

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug meloxicam on the clinical course of obstructive idiopathic cystitis in cats in a placebo-controlled clinical study.

Methods

Thirty-seven cats with obstructive idiopathic cystitis were enrolled. Cats received supportive treatment and an indwelling transurethral catheter for 48 h. On days 0 and 1, all cats received buprenorphine 0.01 mg/kg subcutaneously every 8 h. On day 1, cats were randomly assigned to the meloxicam (n = 18) or placebo group (n = 19) and received meloxicam (0.1 mg/kg on day 1, 0.05 mg/kg on days 2–5) or placebo orally for five consecutive days. Cats were monitored by repeated physical examinations and urinalysis, and with a 5 day questionnaire filled in by the owners after discharge and a telephone interview 3 months after presentation. Parameters for evaluation of treatment success were the occurrence of recurrent urethral obstruction, results of physical examinations and questionnaires.

Results

Recurrent urethral obstruction occurred in 4/18 cats (22%) in the meloxicam group and 5/19 cats (26%) in the placebo group ( P = 1.000). General demeanour and pain on abdominal palpation during hospitalisation improved significantly in both groups ( P <0.001). After discharge, with regard to general demeanour, food intake and voiding behaviour, there were no significant differences within or between groups at different time points.

Conclusions and relevance

Orally administered meloxicam for 5 days did not influence the incidence of recurrent urethral obstruction and the recovery from clinical signs in cats with obstructive feline idiopathic cystitis. The persistence of clinical signs in most of the cats 1 week after initial presentation indicates that symptomatic treatment for a longer period of time is warranted.
Line Managers’ Perception about Quality of HR Function in Pakistan: A Case Study
Authors: Asadullah Muhammad Ali , Marie Peretti Jean , Bourgain Marina , Najam Usama
Published: December 2015

This study examined the quality of human resources (HR) function of a not-for-profit health sector organization in Pakistan using four roles of HR Champions Model presented by Ulrich ( 1997 ). We used a survey instrument and conducted semi-structure interviews of 37 HR and line managers. We analyzed quantitative data using conjoint analysis and qualitative data using simple narrative analysis. The findings revealed that the quality of strategic partner and change agent role are the lowest, the quality of employee champion role is the highest and the quality of administrative role of HR is modest. The study highlighted areas requiring attention of HR professionals and researchers to improve quality of HR services.
Interview with Dr H.R. Nagendra, Chancellor, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana (S-VYASA)
Authors: Mahapatra Gopal P.
Published: December 2015

Health and wellness have become key considerations in human resource management in the context of stressful world of work in a highly globalized, technology-intensive and 24/7 work environment. Holistic development through Yoga, a ‘science of body, mind, consciousness and soul’, has been a part of the Indian culture for thousands of years, and the popularity of yoga as a means of physical and psychological well-being has been recently globally recognized with the United Nations (UN) declaring International Day of Yoga on 21 June 2015. According to Harvard Medical School, “available reviews of a wide range of yoga practices suggest they can reduce the impact of exaggerated stress responses and may be helpful for both anxiety and depression” (HMS ( 2015 ). Yoga for anxiety and depression. Boston: Harvard Health Publications, Harvard Medical School).
Heavy oil sands measurement and rock-physics modeling
Authors: Yuan Hemin , Han De-Hua , Zhang Weimin
Published: December 2015

Heavy oil reservoirs are important alternative energy resources to conventional oil and gas reservoirs. However, due to the high viscosity of heavy oil, much production of heavy oil reservoirs involves injecting steam, and determining the temperature distribution is significant for production. To do this, time-lapse inversion is commonly used to derive the change of the oil sand properties during steam injection, and rock-physics models are used to link the properties and temperature. Many people have done research on simulating variations of the oil sand properties with temperature; however, the previous models fail to adequately represent our experimental data, and they overestimate their values. The errors between previous models’ predictions and measurements are quite large, especially at low temperatures. To study the oil sand properties, we first measured eight oil sand samples including five presteam samples and three poststeam samples, and we experimentally quantified the pressure sensitivity of velocity, the temperature sensitivity of velocity, and the corresponding [Formula: see text] ratios. Then we developed a new model, introducing a frame damage parameter and a solid oil proportion parameter. This model integrates the solid oil into the sand frame, and it incorporates the temperature-dependent frame damage to characterize the frame moduli variations with increasing temperature. The solid-Gassmann equation was then applied to saturate the sands’ frame with heavy oil. Our simulation results determined that the errors at low temperature and high temperature were both compensated, and the new model fitted better than previous models over the whole measurement temperature range. The modeling was also extended to the thermal production temperature range, and the phase transition of water was considered, which provided a useful indicator of the steam.
A Randomized Safety and Efficacy Study of Somavaratan (VRS-317), a Long-Acting rhGH, in Pediatric Growth Hormone Deficiency
Authors: Moore Wayne V. , Nguyen Huong Jil , Kletter Gad B. , Miller Bradley S. , Rogers Douglas , Ng David , Moore Jerome A. , Humphriss Eric , Cleland Jeffrey L. , Bright George M.
Published: December 2015

Context:

Somavaratan (VRS-317) is a long-acting form of recombinant human GH under development for children and adults with GH deficiency (GHD).

Objectives:

To determine the optimal somavaratan dose regimen to normalize IGF-1 in pediatric GHD and to evaluate safety and efficacy of somavaratan over 6 months.

Design:

Open-label, multicenter, single ascending dose study followed by 6-month randomized comparison of 3 dosing regimens.

Setting:

Twenty-five United States pediatric endocrinology centers.

Patients:

Naive-to-treatment, prepubertal children with GHD (n = 68).

Intervention(s):

Patients received single sc doses of somavaratan (0.8, 1.2, 1.8, 2.7, 4.0, or 6.0 mg/kg) during the 30-day dose-finding phase, then were randomized to somavaratan 1.15 mg/kg weekly, 2.5 mg/kg twice monthly, or 5.0 mg/kg monthly for 6 months.

Main Outcome Measures:

Safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, 6-month height velocity (HV).

Results:

Somavaratan pharmacokinetics was linearly proportional to dose; dose-dependent increases in the magnitude and duration of IGF-1 responses enabled weekly, twice-monthly or monthly dosing. A single dose of somavaratan sustained IGF-1 responses for up to 1 month. No somavaratan or IGF-1 accumulation occurred with repeat dosing. Mean annualized HVs for somavaratan administered monthly, twice monthly, or weekly (7.86 ± 2.5, 8.61 ± 2.7, and 7.58 ± 2.5 cm/y, respectively) were similar between groups. Adverse events were mostly mild and transient.

Conclusions:

Somavaratan demonstrated clinically meaningful improvements in HV and IGF-1 in prepubertal children with GHD, with no significant differences between monthly, twice-monthly, or weekly dosing.
The Marriage Trap in the Free-Love Novel and Queer Critique
Authors: Jackson Holly
Published: December 2015

This essay aims to restore the vital intellectual and political movement of free love to the study of American literature and culture, offering a brief overview of its major currents and analyzing three examples from a neglected archive of free-love novels, Mary Gove Nichols's Mary Lyndon (1855), Marie Howland's Papa's Own Girl (1874), and Lizzie Holmes's Hagar Lyndon (1893; published under the pen name May Huntley). In their denunciation of marriage and their investment in alternative forms of kinship, intimacy, and sociality, these novels suggest an important and overlooked historical connection between nineteenth-century reform culture and the contemporary queer critique of the progressive “marriage equality” movement. But in their ultimate turn back to marriage, they shed new light on the puzzling persistence of this institution, even for those who see its faults most clearly.
Head and Hands Together: Booker T. Washington's Vocational Realism
Authors: Fisher Laura R.
Published: December 2015

Racial uplift emerged in the aftermath of Reconstruction as a powerful philosophy of social advancement for African Americans subject to the absolute subordination and disfranchisement of Jim Crow, and it found its greatest institutional expression in the African American college. This essay posits that debates over the methods of African American higher education shaped the function of literature within black modernity. It explores how Tuskegee Institute founder Booker T. Washington transformed literature and books into instruments of a practical approach to learning through a pedagogical method he named dovetailing. The dovetailing method sought to correlate acts of reading and writing with industrial and agricultural training, instantiating an instrumental relation to literary expression that this essay terms vocational realism. Examining vocational realism as an important touchstone in African American literary history writ large repositions the canonical Washington as a figure with a more complex relation to the literary than scholars have previously discerned. Turning to curricular and institutional materials and to the writing and public addresses of Washington and W. E. B. DuBois, this essay argues that the fractious debates of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries regarding the social utility of literature in the lives of black citizens established the critical, artistic, and reformist fault lines of the Harlem Renaissance.
The Paris Paradox: Colorblindness and Colonialism in African American Expatriate Fiction
Authors: Amine Laila
Published: December 2015

This essay maps out a six-year literary transformation of Paris noir from 1957 to 1963 that overlaps with the Algerian war for independence from France (1954–1962). In this journey that transits from Parisian utopianism to postcolonial criticism, from Richard Wright and James Baldwin's love songs to racially liberal Paris to William Gardner Smith's shrewd attack on French colonialism, the trope of interracial romance undergirds both the construction and the questioning of a colorblind Paris. I argue that as African American expatriate writers included North African characters and decolonization issues in their fiction, they struggled to reconcile the coexistence of a colorblind and a colonial Paris. The two-faced city is located in the periphery of expatriate fiction, in Wright's lesser-known novel The Long Dream (1958) and its 1959 sequel, “Island of Hallucination,” an unpublished roman à clef and his only long work of fiction set in Paris, in James Baldwin's short story “This Morning, This Evening, So Soon” (1960) rather than his celebrated Paris novel, Giovanni's Room (1956), and in the understudied author William Gardner Smith's last novel The Stone Face (1963). The essay highlights telling differences in how each author grappled with French colonialism, and how they echoed and reversed each other's writings to position themselves vis-à-vis the so-called City of Light. Together, their narratives demonstrate how Algerian Paris surreptitiously came to displace France and Europe as a model of liberation for African American writers.
The Age of Anxiety: Patricia Highsmith, Existential Psychology, and the “Decline” Of American Naturalism
Authors: Mangrum Benjamin
Published: December 2015

This essay charts the development of two entwined intellectual threads during the 1950s: the translation of European existentialism into an American idiom and what Nathan Hale describes as the “golden age of popularization” for psychoanalysis in the United States. I argue that, in concert, these two movements contributed to the erosion of the New Deal regulatory state by elevating psychological—rather than structural or socioeconomic—explanatory templates for social phenomena. In contrast to the literature of the long Progressive Era, in 1950s works the ego and its vicissitudes become the dominant template for understanding society and the self. Patricia Highsmith's novels provide a nodal point for this political and intellectual history as she recasts representations of violence, murder, alienation, class envy, and social mobility in ways that both represent and helped define the legitimation crisis of the regulatory state. Highsmith repudiates a narrative world governed by structural or environmental conditions and—in contrast to literary naturalists like Theodore Dreiser and John Steinbeck—presents the darker corners of human experience as phenomena of the largely autonomous, internal arena of an existential psyche. These shifts in literary tastes, the essay argues, augmented the weakening intellectual purchase of an interventionist New Deal reform agenda during the 1950s.
The water channel aquaporin-1a1 facilitates movement of CO2 and ammonia in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae
Authors: Talbot Krystle , Kwong Raymond W. M. , Gilmour Kathleen M. , Perry Steve F.
Published: December 2015

The present study tested the hypothesis that zebrafish (Danio rerio) aquaporin-1a1 (AQP1a1) serves as a multi-functional channel for the transfer of the small gaseous molecules, CO2 and ammonia, as well as water, across biological membranes. Zebrafish embryos were microinjected with a translation-blocking morpholino oligonucleotide targeted to AQP1a1. Knockdown of AQP1a1 significantly reduced rates of CO2 and ammonia excretion, as well as water fluxes, in larvae at 4 days post fertilization (dpf). Because AQP1a1 is expressed both in ionocytes present on the body surface and in red blood cells, the haemolytic agent phenylhydrazine was used to distinguish between the contributions of AQP1a1 to gas transfer in these two locations. Phenylhydrazine treatment had no effect on AQP1a1-linked excretion of CO2 or ammonia, providing evidence that AQP1a1 localized to the yolk sac epithelium, rather than red blood cell AQP1a1, is the major site of CO2 and ammonia movements. The possibility that AQP1a1 and the rhesus glycoprotein Rhcg1, which also serves as a dual CO2 and ammonia channel, act in concert to facilitate CO2 and ammonia excretion was explored. Although knockdown of each protein did not affect the abundance of mRNA and protein of the other protein under control conditions, impairment of ammonia excretion by chronic exposure to high external ammonia triggered a significant increase in the abundance of AQP1a1 mRNA and protein in 4 dpf larvae experiencing Rhcg1 knockdown. Collectively, these results suggest that AQP1a1 in zebrafish larvae facilitates the movement of CO2 and ammonia, as well as water, in a physiologically relevant fashion.
A Long Way Coming: Designing Centralized Markets with Privately Informed Buyers and Sellers
Authors: Loertscher Simon , Marx Leslie M. , Wilkening Tom
Published: December 2015

We discuss the economics literature relevant to the design of centralized two-sided market mechanisms for environments in which both buyers and sellers have private information. The existing literature and the history of spectrum auctions, including the incentive auction currently being designed by the FCC, can be employed to analyze such mechanisms. We compare the revenue– efficiency trade-off in an environment with private information on one side of the market versus the trade-off with private information on both sides of the market; we provide an impossibility theorem for the efficient allocation of goods using a deficit-free mechanism when there is private information on both sides of the market; we discuss practical deficit-free mechanisms for various environments with two-sided private information; and we provide a synthesis to guide market design efforts and related research going forward. (JEL D44, D47, D82, H82)
Method activation end date in the past. direction:re
Authors: Попов  , Popov Boris
Published: December 2015

Introduction. Complexity of welded joints nondestructive testing under operation conditions is associated with the heterogeneity of the metal structure within the heat-affected zone, which is a stress concentrator; the metal structure in this zone is being changed under cyclic loads. The work aim was to investigate the possibility of applying a coercimetry method to diagnostics of welds working under cyclic loads.

Method. At low-cycle fatigue irreversible damage accumulation takes place even in a defect-free weld. The magnetic structurescope KRM-Ts-K2M was used for detection of this damage by the value of the coercive force increase. The impact of load parameters on a coercive force was studied on the basis of static and cyclic testing of samples with butt and fillet (T-shaped) welds.

Results. Numerous static and cyclic testing of welds and base metal have enabled the author to determine correlation between a coercive force value and weld resource parameters for the conventional steel grades St3sp, 09G2S and 10KhSND. Prospects of small (with the base ≤ 20 mm) sensors application for weld local diagnostics has also been shown in the work.

Conclusion. Combination of magnetic structural testing by a coercive force method with an ultrasonic inspection makes it possible to predict a physical resource of metal work at the examination of hazardous production facilities.
Experimental Research of Flaw Detection Technique at Manual Ultrasonic Testing of Railway Rolling Stock Elements
Authors: Киреев  , Kireev Andrey
Published: December 2015

Introduction. The work aim was to carry out experimental studies of dual-frequency method reliability for defect type determination at manual ultrasonic testing of railway rolling stock elements.

Method. The method of discontinuity type determination includes: measuring amplitude characteristics of echo signals from the detected defect on the frequency of 2.5 and 5.0 MHz; calculation a defect form-factor; comparing the form-factor with the certain limit values, one of which corresponds to a planar defect and the other corresponds to a volume defect. The defect is considered planar/volume, if its form-factor differs from the appropriate limit value by no more than 30%. The method gives an opportunity to determine types for both point and extensive defects.

For the experiment a sample was manufactured, in which various artificial reflectors of different types and dimensions were made. The type of each reflector was determined with dual-frequency method. The relative error and reliability of type determination were calculated.

Results. Experimental studies have shown that reliability of defect type determination with dual-frequency method is quite high. The average accuracy of point defect determination has been 97,389%; extensive defect determination has been 93,588%.
Problems of Development of Social Institution of Accounting at National Level
Authors: Миславская  , Mislavskaya N.
Published: December 2015

In recent the historically prevailing form of organization of joint activity of the Russian accounting community

decades has been undergoing signifi cant changes. A radical modifi cation in the area of ethical and moral attitudes has

taken place against the background of the national accounting system reform. Th is article is dedicated to the problems

that have followed.
The Direction and Documentation of Inventories’ Write-off
Authors: Коршунова  , Korshunova A.
Published: December 2015

Th e article reveals the question of obligation of documentary registration of such fact of economic life as inventory

stockswrite-off , for the purpose of both tax and fi nancial accounting.
About Inspection of Marine Shafts and Workpieces
Authors: Хвагин  , Khvagin Vladimir
Published: December 2015

Introduction to the article gives the overview of vessels’ nowadays condition and emphasizes the necessity of their inspection.

The article presents the operational procedure for inspection of blanks for shafts and rudder stocks as well as estimates the capabilities of shipyards to fulfill the inspection. Ways and techniques for different types defect detection are given; the necessary equipment is described; methodology peculiarities for flaw detector adjustment are indicated; recommendations for transducer selection are presented. The standard specimens used for workpiece inspection are described in detail.

For used propeller shafts the procedure of preparation a shaft for testing is given as well as the sequence of testing operations including those for shafts with pressed-on bushes. Schemes for base metal testing of shafts, key-seats, shafts with pressed-on bushes, fillet zones are also presented. The article also indicates the regulatory documents according to which the quality of workpieces of shafts and used shafts should be estimated.

It is shown by the real examples that timely fulfilled testing prevents emergency situations. The offered testing techniques ensure detection of inadmissible defects.
Application of Coercive Force Method Nowadays
Authors: Безлюдько  , Bezlyudko Gennadiy , Попов  , Popov Boris , Соломаха  , Solomakha Roman
Published: December 2015

The article shows an attempt to group the main areas of practical applications for NDT of ferromagnetic metal mechanical properties by measuring a magnetic parameter – a coercive force. All the areas are divided into 5 blocks. The first block represents coercivity application for process inspection and acceptance inspection at metal production. The second and third blocks represent in-service local and integral inspection of equipment and its parts current status. The fourth and fifth blocks present coercimetric fatigue state estimation of austenitic (initially non-magnetic) stainless steels. Using a coercimetric inspection (the tried-and-true method for ferromagnetic steels) is getting possible due to austenite transformation followed by initiation of ferromagnetism. In this case the fatigue damage level can also be estimated. The cumulative coercimetric effect of austenite degradation is even more evident than that for classic ferromagnetic steels. Thus the task of fatigue testing for stainless austenitic steels can be considered solved at practice level.
Reading the Fine Print: Information Disclosure in the Brazilian Credit Card Market
Authors: Ferman Bruno
Published: December 2015

Consumer credit regulations usually require that lenders disclose interest rates. However, in the absence of specific prominence requirements, lenders can conceal the interest rate in the fine print while still complying with the law. I examine the effect of such a strategy using a field experiment in Brazil in which a credit card company offered their clients payment plans to pay off their balances. Using randomized contract interest rates and the degree of rate disclosure, I show that most clients are rate sensitive, whether or not rates are prominently disclosed. The elasticity of payment plan enrollment with respect to the interest rate ranges from −0.711 to −0.880. High-risk clients are an exception; these clients are rate sensitive only when disclosure is prominent. I also show that clients are influenced by nudges that favor longer-term contracts. Conditional on enrollment, the proportion of clients who choose a longer-term contract is 40 percentage points higher when a longer-term contract is featured in the advertisement layout. This effect, however, is weaker when stakes are higher.

Data, as supplemental material, are available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2015.2281 .

This paper was accepted by Wei Jiang, finance.
A multiagency team working to safeguard vulnerable children
Authors: Barrett Nicki
Published: December 2015

Health visitor Nicki Barrett describes the value of effective collaboration and partnership in assessing safeguarding referrals to the Calderdale Multiagency Screening Team.
Identifying birthmarks: How health visitors can support families. Part 2
Authors: Coutts Lorna
Published: December 2015

This paper is the second and final part in the series that explores the subject of birthmarks. As discussed in Part 1, birthmarks are common in children and many develop in the weeks after birth ( Coutts, 2015 ). The transition to parenthood is an exciting time, which can bring about feelings of anxiety for any new parent without the additional worry of a baby with health problems or birthmarks. Health visitors should be aware of the possible attachment and psychological implications that birthmarks can cause, to ensure that early intervention can be implemented at the earliest opportunity. This article will discuss the role that health visitors play in managing and supporting families of children with birthmarks effectively.
A peer support group for newly qualified health visitors
Authors: Price Rebecca
Published: December 2015

This article presents the findings from a peer support group introduced to address the transitional challenges faced by newly qualified and return-to-practice health visitors. It was important that communication was clear and transparent, and that the organisation promoted a supportive and positive culture towards newer colleagues. The evaluation of the group has captured the benefits perceived by the attendees, and the positive response from the evaluation identified the value that this group offered the organisation's new starters. Further research is needed to gain a deeper insight into the changes to practice newly qualified health visitors have made in response to their time participating in the group.
Sintesis Nanopartikel Magnetite (Fe3O4) dengan Template silika (SiO2) dan Karakterisasi Sifat Kemagnetannya
Authors: Taib Suryani , Suharyadi Edi
Published: December 2015

Nanoparticles of magnetite (Fe3O4) have been successfully synthesized by coprecipitation method by mixing FeSO4.7H2O and FeCl3.6H2O with the addition of 10% NH4OH as kopresipitan. Then, functionalized Fe3O4  concentration variation silica (SiO2) 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 30% and 50%. Particle size and magnetic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles were tested by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). XRD results showed the addition of silica is not found new phases when added SiO2that serves as a template. The particle size of Fe3O4 nanoparticles obtained 14.23 nm, while the Fe3O4nanoparticles with the addition of a concentration of 5% and 20% respectively SiO215.45 nm and 16.37 nm. VSM results show the value of saturation magnetization and remanent magnetization decreased as more silica concentration, and increased coercivity field. Test Results of Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) obtained new peaks which indicate that the functionalization process Fe3O4 with silica has been successfully carried out.
The use of a failed flap as a biological dressing
Authors: Chadwick S , Kosutic D
Published: December 2015

A patient with a narrowly excised squamous cell carcinoma on the scalp underwent a wider excision that involved burring of the underlying calvarium. The defect was reconstructed with a superficial temporal artery pedicled flap, which unfortunately failed. The patient had multiple co-morbidities, limiting reconstructive options. The failed flap was therefore maintained as a ‘biological dressing’ for several weeks. During this time, the patient was reviewed regularly in the dressing clinic and did not develop a wound infection. Six weeks later, he was taken back to theatre and the flap was debrided under local anaesthesia. Beneath the flap, there was sufficient healthy granulation tissue over the site of previous bony debridement to permit split skin grafting. We advocate this technique as a useful method for managing difficult wounds in complex patients with multiple co-morbidities where other reconstructive techniques are limited.
Debates on the Criminology of Genocide: Genocide as a Technology for Destroying Identities
Authors: Feierstein Daniel
Published: December 2015

This article analyses different criminological approaches to modern genocide. It starts from a critical review of authors (René Girard, Eugenio Raúl Zaffaroni, and Alejandro Alagia) who explain genocide in terms of sacrificial violence; it contrasts these perspectives with Jean Piaget's empirically based distinction between two kinds of social relations: relations of constraint and relations of cooperation, and the different sanctions pertaining to each, developing tools to understand more complex ways of causality. Next, it reviews comparative studies of genocide, ignored in the works of the previous authors. The objective for doing it is to compare different causal explanations of genocide to add complexity to the previous analysis. Finally, it revisits Raphael Lemkin's pioneering vision of the role of annihilation in destroying identity. It argues that Lemkin provided some insights for a new criminological approach to genocide seen as a technology of power seeking to transform the social fabric with the terror of concentration camps.
State Crime, Irregulars and Counter-Insurgency
Authors: Moran Jon
Published: December 2015

This article examines state crime in the area of the use of irregulars in counter-insurgency. Irregulars are defined as local units who receive rudimentary training and act alongside more regular forces. They are also defined as more regular formal local units who act informally (and often unlawfully) as part of their counter-insurgency role (e.g. death squads). The article examines the important role that such irregulars have played in counter-insurgency in Iraq and Afghanistan and highlights the human rights violations that their use has encouraged. This area is an important area for future research.
L. J. Wood,
Crisis and Control: The Militarization of Protest Policing
Authors: Christmann Kris
Published: December 2015

None