bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Archaeological EXCAVATIONS
OF THE MEDIEVAL SETTLEMENT MATLAS
IN THE MOUNTAINOUS AREA OF DAGESTAN
Authors: Krivosheev Mikhail V. , Taymazov Artur I. , Yavorskaya Liliya V. , Abdulaev Abdula M.
Published: January 2019

The article is devoted to the results of preserving archaeological research of the Matlas settlement, located on the western tip of the Khunzakh plateau, in the Khunzakh region, in the Midland Dagestan. The total area of the study was 406 square meters. As a result of the work, the foundations of the walls of stone buildings, probably residential and economic structures, were fixed. In addition, a piece of land, used for farming, was fixed. The cultural layer of the settlement contains fragments of various metal products, fragments of glass bracelets, stone products, ceramics, including fragments of glazed vessels, and numerous animal bones. An open complex of buildings dates from the XI-XII centuries, basing on chronological indicators (glazed ceramics and glass bracelets).Matlas settlement was a stationary settlement. This is indicated by the presence in the cultural layer of a large number of fragments of ceramic dishes, bones of domestic animals, individual finds related to human everyday activities (stone tools, millstone details, fragments of glass jewellery, and rare finds of metal objects). The presence of pig bones in the archeozoological material is an additional indicator of the settled life. Findings of millstone fragments indicate the cultivation of grain by its inhabitants. The prevalence of cattle bones in the layers of the settlement suggests the presence of cattle breeding, most likely distant one.Archaeological material, obtained during the excavations of the Matlas settlement, is significant for characterizing the culture, life and economic activities of the population of the mountainous area of medieval Dagestan.
TRADITIONAL MEN’S CLOTHING OF THE PEOPLES
OF NAGORNY DAGESTAN: ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS
Authors: Ramazanova Zoya Buttaevna
Published: January 2019

This article is written based on the author’s field ethnographic material with the involvement of the corresponding literary works on this issue. The article is devoted to the ecological functions of traditional men’s clothing of the peoples of Nagorny Dagestan (the Avars, the Laks, the Dargins). The main purpose of the article is to describe the traditional men’s clothing of the mountaineers of Dagestan, the environmental functions of which were reduced to the regulation of direct heat exchange between the human body and the environment, as the formation of special features of material culture, including clothing, was influenced by natural-geographical factors. The specific features of the traditional men’s clothing of the peoples of Nagorny Dagestan were determined by seasons: depending on the time of year, the specific composition of clothing and the material of manufacture varied.When writing the article, general scientific methods were used: (analysis, synthesis, induction), which allows to consider the role and place of men’s clothing of the mountaineers of Dagestan, to show in it the general and particular in connection with various conditions (social-ecological, ethnographic, ecological) of development of certain Dagestan regions. At the same time, the method of logical research, the task of which is to reveal the role played by individual elements of the system as part of the whole, has become important for this work. Together with general scientific methods, private research methods are used: the detection of the specific, descriptive method, etc.The study resulted in a coherent picture of the varieties of men’s clothing. The author presents them as separate complexes in accordance with seasons, which allows demonstrating the ecological functions of men’s clothing. The field of application of the research results is determined by the possibility of using them in the further study of the ethnography of Dagestan and the Caucasus. The scope of the research results is determined by the possibility of their use in further study of the ethnography of Dagestan and the Caucasus.
THE ART OF ORNAMENTED FELT OF THE NOGAIS
Authors: Kuzeeva Zuhra Z. , Zelnitskaya (Shlarba) Ritsa Shotovna
Published: January 2019

The article studies the traditional Nogai felt like a monument of folk art from the point of view of ethnography and art criticism. The problem has arisen as a distinctive cultural phenomenon due to the challenges posed by modern society today. Unfortunately, in the era of urbanization and the introduction into the environment of new technologies, the emergence and spread of “fashion” on various cultural trends coming both from the West and from the Islamic East, the decline of traditional culture among the masses is natural. The threat of the disappearance of traditional crafts of small peoples may lead to the unification of their national culture and the loss of their ethnic identity. The study of topical issues at the theoretical level is a prerequisite for the preservation and development of ethnocultural traditions - an important component of peoples’ spiritual values.The description of groups of traditional Nogai felt products (felt to cover the yurt, felt of the yurt interior, felt ceremonial outfit for horses, camels), as well as a detailed analysis of the felt-making technique, how to decorate it, and the structure of the ornament are presented to readers’ attention. Analogs are given with the felt products of the peoples of Central and Eastern Asia, Kazakhstan, Siberia, Eastern Europe, and the Caucasus, which speaks of their common cultural and historical past.The article is based on a comprehensive analysis of materials of the XIX-XX centuries, discovered by the authors during the expedition surveys in 2014-2016 in various settlements of Dagestan, Chechnya, Stavropol region, Karachay-Cherkessia, Astrakhan region, where the Nogais live in compact communities; museum collections of St. Petersburg, Astrakhan, Cherkessk, Stavropol, Makhachkala, Kizlyar, as well as historical sources and literary information.
Security and rescue research of the burial ground "Brotherly 1st barrows"on the territory of the Chechen Republic in 2018
Authors: Malashev Vladimir U , Magomedov Rabadan G , Dzutsev Felix S. , Mamaev Hamid M. , Krivosheev Mikhail V.
Published: January 2019

In June-October 2018 Terek complex archaeological expedition ("scientific and production center "Dagestan archaeological service"), Caucasian expedition (Institute of archeology RAS) and Chechen expedition (Institute of humanitarian research of the Academy of Sciences of the CR), bringing together experts from Vladikavkaz, Volgograd, Grozny, Makhachkala, Moscow, Simferopol, etc., at the expense of PJSC "Gazprom" / LLC "Gazprominvest" (St. Petersburg) and LLC "Kirus" (Grozny), we conducted security and rescue research in the territory of the super – terrechny district of the Chechen Republic in the area of construction of the main gas pipeline "Mozdok-Grozny". Of greatest interest are the materials of the burial ground "Fraternal 1st mounds" (162 burial complex), Dating from the III-IV centuries ad and is the necropolis of the Fraternal 1st settlement, Dating from the early stage of the Alanian culture. The named necropolis occupies an approximate territory of 6.5 x 3.5-2 km.
In the present article the General review of the investigated burials of the named barrow burial ground which many embankments are destroyed as a result of economic activity is presented. The result of this work was excavated barrow 162 and beskarkasnyh funeral complex. The vast majority of burials were made in catacombs of type I (the long axis of the chamber is perpendicular to the long axis of the entrance pit). The investigated sample of burials makes it possible to consider this monument a reference to the territory of the Middle Primerica at the specified time. The population, which left the burial grounds type "Fraternal 1st barrows", participated in the cultural and historical processes in the territory West of the Caspian sea, where their presence is recorded in the Terek-Sulak interfluve in the second half of the III century ad, and from the middle of IV century BC, in southern Dagestan, where, according to information from written sources, localized "Country land".
LAND TENURE ARRANGEMENTS IN DAGESTAN
IN PROFESSOR A.R. SHIKHSAIDOV’S WORKS
Authors: Aliev Bagomed G. , Murtazaev Arsen O.
Published: January 2019

The article is devoted to the contribution of a well-known historian-orientalist, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor Amri Rzaevich Shikhsaidov to the study of land tenure in Dagestan. The authors of the article studied three monographs and a number of articles by A.R. Shikhsaidov, dedicated to the history of the region and its southern part in the VII – XIX centuries. It is important to note that A.R. Shikhsaidov was one of the first to analyze the works of Arab historians and geographers, as well as local Arabic-speaking sources, and extensively studied land arrangements in Dagestan in the early Middle Ages, from the X – XV centuries to the XIX century inclusive. The article analyzes the classification of A.R. Shikhsaidov forms of agriculture. He singled out a number of forms (state land, diya, ikta, waqf and freehold land), which experienced the known influence of political and socio-economic processes in the region and changed during the historical process. The authors of the article show the contribution of the scholar in identifying and characterizing changes in the status of land tenure forms in the historical process. The authors emphasize the importance of the material, introduced by A.R. Shikhsaidov in the scientific circulation, for each of these forms of land ownership. The scientific value of the analogies carried out by Professor Shikhsaidov for various forms of land ownership that existed in Dagestan with various forms of land ownership in the countries of Western Europe, Russia and the South Caucasus countries is emphasized.The article is of an overview nature and will be useful both for the study of the work of a prominent Dagestan scholar and for researchers in the development of land relations in Dagestan.
ON THE ISSUE OF THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE SOVIET RULE
IN DAGESTAN AND THE FORMATION OF THE DAGESTAN ASSR
Authors: Kaymarazova Leyla G. , Kaymarazov Gany Sh.
Published: January 2019

The relevance of the questions raised in the article is due to the 100th anniversary of the events of the Russian Revolution, as well as interest in the problems of national-state construction in Soviet Russia against the background of political transformations that have occurred in the Russian state since the late 1980s. The article with the involvement of reliable source material, analytical use of accumulated historiographic experience, materials of documentary publications for different years, sources of personal origin, mainly of reminiscences, highlights the complex process of revolutionary events in Dagestan after October 1917. It is shown how the formation of associations of various political and ideological orientations occurred, the first Soviet authorities were created, and radical changes were carried out in the conditions of the opposition of its supporters and opponents, who organized or tried to organize their authorities on the ground. These issues are considered in the context of events related to the Civil War and foreign intervention, the struggle against the Denikin’s Volunteer Army and the victory of the Soviet government in a multinational area.Particular attention is paid to the creation in Dagestan of temporary emergency authorities - revolutionary committees (revcoms), transfer from them to elected authorities - the Soviets, the Emergency Congress of the Peoples of Dagestan and the proclamation of the Soviet autonomy of Dagestan in Soviet Russia, the formation of the Soviet government and the adoption of the decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee on the formation of the Dagestan Soviet Socialist Republic of the RSFSR. The article shows that the Soviet autonomy of Dagestan is one of the forms of national statehood, and state-building in a multinational region, despite regional peculiarities, is part of the all-Russian political, economic and social process.
IDEOLOGICAL CONCEPTS AND SOCIAL STRUCTURE OF
THE PRISULAK TRIBES IN THE MIDDLE BRONZE AGE
Authors: Ataev Gamzat D. , Burkov Sergey B.
Published: January 2019

The article is devoted to the study of ideological concepts and the social structure of the population of one of the archaeological formations of the North-Eastern Caucasus of the Middle Bronze Age - the Prisulak culture. The work is based on the analysis of burial and religious monuments, the study of which allows revealing various religious concepts and rituals of the cult nature of the local population of the Middle Bronze Age. Examination of the burial structures and the rite of the early group of burials of the burial mounds of the Prisulak district testifies to the diversity of the burial structures and the great diversity of the funerary rites. Ground pits, stone tombs, small stone boxes were revealed: with stretched, seated and crouched bones oriented in the east, southeast, south and south-west directions. In the funeral rite of the early group of burials, along with ancient and local elements, features characteristic of the tribes of the North Caucasus and the steppes of Southeast Europe are noted. A comprehensive study of the burial structures and rituals, as well as cult objects of the Prisulak culture during the Middle Bronze Age, made it possible to highlight many of the problems associated with ideological concepts and social organization of society, to find out the genesis of culture and the ethnocultural contacts of the local population with adjacent tribes. A study of the materials of the Prisulak monuments made it possible to get an idea of the spiritual culture of the population of the region in question: to reveal that the tribes of the Middle Sulak basin in the Middle Bronze Age had complex and diverse beliefs, among which ideas about the “soul”, “afterlife”, magical and protective practices, animal and nature cults, and other cosmological beliefs were of a great significance.
Penentuan Lokasi SMP Terdekat di Kabupaten Bangka Induk Berbasis Webgis
Authors: Wijaya Benny , Sutrisno Tri
Published: January 2019

Masyarakat yang ada di Kabupaten Bangka Induk, khususnya para pendatang sering sekali mengalami kesulitan dalam mencari informasi rute SMP terdekat didaerahnya. Pencarian lokasi SMP ini membutuhkan waktu yang lama jika mencari secara manual terlebih tidak familiar dengan Kabupaten Bangka Induk. Selain itu, menuju SMP yang tidak sesuai dengan tujuan karena kurangnya informasi tentang rute yang dilalui. Website belum banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat yang  mau mencari  rute terdekat didaerahnya dikarenakan blum banyaknya masyarakat yang menggunakan komputer. Website GIS pencarian rute terpendek SMP di Kabupaten Bangka Induk ini dapat dilakukan dalam keadaan apapun selama tersambung dengan jaringan internet. Proses mendapatkan rute terpendek pada Website GIS  ini adalah dengan aplikasi tambahan dari quantum GIS yaitu Road graph plugin. Perhitungan untuk mendapatkan lokasi SMP terdekat dari posisi. Perhitungan menggunakan parameter jarak yang didapat dari titik koordinat posisi pengguna dan titik koordinat SMP (Tujuan). Hasil dari website ini berupa SMP terdekat dari posisi pengguna sesuai rute pilihan dan mendapatkan informasi lintasan menuju lokasi SMP tersebut.
Dendroflora Gradskog parka u Bihaću
Authors: Delić Emir , Medak Jasnica , Bakrač Azra , Džafić Subha , Dorbić Boris , Muhović Berina
Published: January 2019

U radu su prikazani rezultati istraživanja dendroflore Gradskog parka na
području grada Bihaća, koji je smješten u sjeverozapadnom dijelu Bosne i
Hercegovine, podno planina Plješevice i Grmeč te brda Debeljača. Kroz njega protječu rijeka Una te njeni pritoci Klokot i Privilica. Tijekom florističkog istraživanja koje je provedeno na obuhvatnom području Gradskog parka u Bihaću, tijekom 2016. godine, zabilježeno je 80 svojti iz 30 porodica, s ukupno 663 jedinke. U parku dominiraju kritosjemenjače
(66 svojti; 83 %), među kojima su dvosupnice (78; 97 %), u većoj mjeri zastupljenije nego jednosupnice (2; 3 %). Golosjemenjače su zastupljene s
14 svojti (17 %). S najvećim brojem vrsta ističe se porodica Rosaceae (10 svojti; 13 %) od ukupno 80 svojti. U pogledu habitusa (Erhardt et al., 2002.) dominiraju stabla (45 svojti; 56 %), potom slijede grmovi (32 svojte; 40 %), zatim penjačice (2 svojte; 3 %) i puzavice (1 svojta;
1 %). Listopadne svojte (60; 75 %) su zastupljenije od vazdazelenih (19; 24 %) i zimzelenih (1; 1 %). Najbrojnija svojta u parku je hibridna
platana (Platanus x hispanica Münch) sa 115 jedinki. Prema geografskom podrijetlu alohtone svojte (42; 52 %) su zastupljenije od autohtonih (35; 44 %) i hibrida (3; 4 %). Od 42 determinirane alohtone svojte u invazivne spadaju tri (7 %), dok u egzote spada 39 svojti (93 %). Od 80 zabilježenih svojti, u kultivare spada 15 svojti (19 %), a u hibride tri
svojte (4 %). U pogledu krajobraznih vrijednosti Gradski park u Bihaću,
koji je izgrađen 1888. godine, veoma je bogat dendrološkim svojtama. Neke od njih potječu iz vremena podizanja parka. Navedeni objekt se ubraja u ljepše bosansko-hercegovačke parkove. Međutim potrebna mu je dodatna revitalizacija. Drveće i grmlje uglavnom ima dobre funkcionalne,
estetske i oblikovne karakteristike. Parkovna infrastruktura je u vrlo dobrom stanju.
Digitalne nejednakosti i potencijal za socijalno uključivanje
Authors: Rubeša Martina
Published: January 2019

Razvojem tehnologije i njenom sve većom prisutnošću u svakodnevnom životu, u porastu je i digitalna nejednakost. Kao oblik postojećih društvenih nejednakosti, digitalna nejednakost manifestira se u dva aspekta. Prvi se odnosi na mogućnost fizičkog pristupa Internetu a drugi
na razlike u načinima iskorištavanja mogućnosti koje Internet i suvremene tehnologije pružaju, što je povezano s obrazovanjem, razvijenosti digitalnih kompetencija, društvenim vezama itd. U središtu ovog rada je uloga digitalnih tehnologija u odnosu na sposobnost ljudi da sudjeluju u društvu. Obzirom da se razlike u digitalnim vještinama kojima pojedinci raspolažu sve više povećavaju, mnogima prijeti socijalna isključenost. U radu se preko definiranja pojma digitalne nejednakosti te obilježja digitalne kompetencije daje pregled stupnja razvijenosti digitalnih vještina u Europskoj uniji i Hrvatskoj. Nadalje se pojašnjavaju ekonomski, društveni, tehnološki i politički čimbenici kao najzastupljeniji uzroci koji dovode do nejednakosti i odražavaju stupanj socijalne isključenosti. Pojašnjavaju se implikacije i prikaz mogućnosti prevladavanja digitalne nejednakosti.
Pravo na
privatnost i objavljivanje osobnih podataka, informacija (o) i fotografija maloljetne
djece
Authors: Sečan Matijaščić Ančica
Published: January 2019

Republika Hrvatska zakonodavno je uredila područje privatnosti nizom pravnih akata od kojih je, u ovom radu, dan prikaz odredbi (koje se odnose na područje privatnosti) Ustava Republike Hrvatske, Zakona o provedbi Opće uredbe o zaštiti podataka, Obiteljskog zakona, Zakona o socijalnoj skrbi, Prekršajnog zakona, Zakona o sudovima za mladež, Kaznenog zakona, Zakona o medijima, Zakona o elektroničkim medijima, Zakona o Hrvatskoj radioteleviziji i Zakona o obveznim odnosima te je dan kratak prikaz odredbi (i) nekoliko međunarodnih pravnih akata, vezanih uz spomenutu tematiku, Konvencije o pravima djeteta, Opće deklaracije Ujedinjenih naroda o ljudskim pravima, Povelje Europske unije o temeljnim pravima, Europske konvencije za zaštitu ljudskih prava
i temeljnih sloboda, Konvencije 108 Vijeća Europe i Opće uredbe o zaštiti podataka. Ujedno je promišljeno o navedenim odredbama (a) u smislu odnosno u svezi kršenja prava na privatnost maloljetne djece od strane njihovih roditelja [sharenting (eng.)] (kao) i dan prikaz (nekih od) opasnosti (od) objavljivanja osobnih podataka, informacija (o) i fotografija maloljetne djece od strane njihovih roditelja te mogućih posljedica objavljivanja (a) u vidu prikaza statistike, sprovedenih istraživanja na temu sharentinga (eng.), stvarnih događaja nastalih kao posljedica sharentinga (eng.) te savjeta, preporuka i upozorenja onih koji/e se bave spomenutim tematikama.
Comparison of Valentin Hodnik’s Stone Model of Triglav and the Actual Shape of the Mountain
Authors: Petrovič Dušan , Anželak Anita , Urbančič Tilen , Grigillo Dejan
Published: January 2019

In Ribčev Laz near Lake Bohinj there is a model of Triglav, the highest mountain in Slovenia. Made of stones, it is the work of the painter Valentin Hodnik from Bohinj. Although it is a work of art, we wanted to evaluate the correctness of its shape compared to the actual mountain. We photographed it and created a point cloud model using the Structure from Motion process (SfM). By transforming the point cloud to actual size, we were able to compare it with the actual shape of the Triglav mountain range obtained from Laser Scanning of Slovenia (LSS). As expected, the shape of the model varied considerably from the actual shape of the mountain, and the scale of the individual slopes and ridges was not the same. For a qualitative evaluation of the model, we calculated the distances between the transformed model and actual surface. The average absolute distance between the nearest points in both point clouds was 41.8 m (6 cm at a built-model scale) with a standard deviation of 38.0 m (5.4 cm). The results are represented by a picture of absolute distances. We also produced a smaller 3D print of the Triglav model and the actual shape of the mountain.
An Analysis of Klobučarić’s Depictions of the Kvarner Littoral
Authors: Kljajić Ivka , Lapaine Miljenko
Published: January 2019

Ivan Klobučarić was one of the most important Croatian cartographers at the turn of the 17th century. In 1579 he produced a panorama of Rijeka which is kept in the War Archives (Kriegsarchiv) in Vienna. The Styrian Provincial Archives (Steiermärkische Landesarchiv) in Graz houses a map of the Bay of Rijeka with a panorama of the city dated 1586, attributed to Klobučarić. His cartographic legacy created between 1601 and 1605 can be found in the Clobucciarich – Skizzen collection. It comprises 108 sheets. Most are double-sided. Some pages show two or more items, so that the entire collection includes around 500 cartographic depictions. In terms of western Croatia, there are about twenty. This paper provides a list of the contents of Klobučarić’s cartographic depictions relating to the area of Croatia. A sketch of the Kvarner Littoral from Rijeka to Sveti Juraj with the mainland hinterland is described, with a map of parts of Croatia from Rijeka to Omiš with the mainland hinterland. An analysis was conducted of the contents of the parts of the sketch and map showing the Kvarner Littoral, comparing the representation of settlements showed and those omitted, with toponyms on the map and those shown on earlier maps of the Kvarner Littoral. The paper indicates errors in previous works about Klobučarić’s life, work and cartographic activities.
Alarming Factors in predictability of failure of financial institutions
Authors: Vaziri Mo , Bhuyan Rafiqul , Manue Ponkela
Published: January 2019

The impact of failure of financial institutions is beyond just the failure of a public corporation. The failure of financial institutions in the USA, is a clear evidence that the greater macro impact is beyond just the failure of few financial institutions. It can bring down the entire economy and can have global devastating impact. By realizing the grave systemic risk of the failure, US government is forced to intervene and bail out many institutions for greater macro-economic reasons. It raises the view that perhaps the current regulating policies and methods are lacking efficiency in predicting the possibility of failure ahead of time and hence not effective in preventing that to happen. In this research we apply several existing methods of institutional failure and test the signaling ability of each method in predicting the bankruptcy well ahead of time. We apply Moody’s financial ratios, Standard and Poor’s financial ratio, vaziri’s financial ratio, Altman’s Z score and then applying logit model and discriminant analysis, we test each of these model’s predictive ability for future use. We analyze the reasons like changes in market, policy, economy, and political influence which have led to bankruptcy. Banks or financial institutions from Europe, United States and Asia are considered as samples. Samples are taken from same period to analyze the effect of different methods. The results from this analysis should help us find the most significant method that could be used to identify the risk, so that necessary action could be taken to prevent the effect or reject the project which could lead to bankruptcy in the future. This research would also offer policy recommendations for regulating agencies as to which factors should be analyzed deeply and how to implement a preventive measure ahead of any potential problems.
The Risk-based Role of Internal Audit within Albania, Public Organizations
Authors: Bello Holtjana , Karapici Vjollca
Published: January 2019

The aspiration of Albania for European integration has added mandatory requirements for public sector to modernize the internal audit function in adherence with International Internal Auditing Standards. According to such Standards supported by Picket (2005) and CIPFA (2003) the internal audit is an assurance function that provides independent opinion on the effectiveness of internal controls that support the achievement of the organizations objectives. Internal auditors can provide consultancy service, in particular to aid management to improve the organization control environment.

Meanwhile, Diamond (2002) explains that the internal audit role, remit, scope and activities are driven by the macroeconomic objectives and political stabilization. For those countries with governance problems the first objective is to ensure compliance with financial laws and regulations. Therefore, the most suitable approach for the internal audit is the compliance auditing to attain macroeconomic stabilization objectives.

Therefore, the main question around which this paper is based is whether the public sector in Albania is ready to adopt the modern model of internal audit moving beyond the traditional compliance and financial remit to comply with recognized International Internal Audit Standards.

This paper finds that although changes in Albanian normative framework since 2007, internal audit within government organizations are still adopting traditional approach of internal audit involving financial inspections rather than performance auditing activities aiming to provide opinion on risk management, control and governance.

This paper analyzes that the embryonic risk culture of Albanian public sector, the lack of skilled internal audit resources and a little understanding of both managers and internal auditors with regard to the contribution of internal audit in risk management and corporate governance system aimed at achieving the government organizations objectives are the main reasons why the risk based model and consultancy role of internal auditors is not yet applied.

Therefore, this paper recommends the internal auditors to perform additional consultancy tasks to enhance the internal control system and build the risk management methodologies and structures due to the management lack of knowledge. As soon as the organizations become risk mature the internal auditors can provide assurance appraisal service based on risks. The Practice Advisory Standard 1000 recommends principles which should be used as guidance for regulatory framework of internal audit function within Albania, public sector, guiding internal auditors in order for them to maintain their independence, objectivity and due professional care while conducting consulting service.
Territorial Planning Policy for Sustainable Development
Authors: Thomai Gjergj
Published: January 2019

Urban planning in Albania, has been promoted in various forms of organization. Ultimately Territorial Planning Law represents another form of policies on the territory that is closely linked to the decentralization of control of the territory.

Up to now, four developments has been particularly important:

* European approach, which gave an increase in economic and social cohesion policy;
* Decentralization in the early 2000s, which has made local governments full participants in the process of territorial planning;
* The emergence of the notion of sustainable development;
* Initiation of international economic relations after the nineties.

Territorial planning policy for sustainable development requires meeting the challenges posed by changing economic, social and cultural development, to achieve a balance of population, industry, culture, etc., between the provinces of the country, such as:
a) define the principles and directions for a balanced and sustainable development of territory with European standards;
b) the establishment of the territorial conditions for regional development;
c) the direction of the establishment and development of national public infrastructure;
d) creation of conditions for the preservation of ecosystems, biodiversity, natural resources on and under the earth and the natural and cultural wealth, balancing the effects of housing systems and economic activities and the protection of green spaces development of other areas of cultivable; etc. The objectives of these policies are: Convergence; Regional Competitiveness and Employment; European territorial cooperation and contractual approach as an effective means of implementation of projects that include various levels of government, "an area, a strategy, a contract". They will focus on priorities: local competition and attractiveness; environmental dimension of sustainable development; social and territorial cohesion; sustainable development.
Evaluasi Kualitas Fisik dan Uji Palatabilitas Ransum Berbasis Rumput Kumpai Tembaga (Hymenachne acutigluma) Melalui Kombinasi Lumpur Sawit dan Daun Ubi Kayu
Authors: Riswandi Riswandi , Hamzah Basuni , Wijaya Agus , Abrar Arfan , Akbar M. Reski Valian
Published: January 2019

Riswandi et al, 2018. Physical Quality Evaluation and Palatability of (Hymenachne acutigluma) through Combination of Palm Oil and Cassava Leaves. JLSO 7(2):The aim of this study was to investigate the physical quality and palatability of Hymenachne acutigluma-based feed in combination with cassava leaves and palm oil.  Experiment was arranged in a completely randomazed design with 4 treatments and 4 replications.  The treatment consisted of R0 (85% Hymenachne acutigluma + 15% concretate), R1 (55% Hymenachne acutigluma + 30% cassava leaves + 15% concrentate), R2 (55% Hymenachne acutigluma + 30% palm oil + 15% concentrate), R3 (55% Hymenachne acutigluma + 15% cassava leaves + 15% palm oil + 15% concentrate).  The observed variabels were smell, water content, density and palatability of feed.  The results showed that the treatment had significant effect (P<0.05) on feed density and had no significant effect (P>0.05) on the smell and the water content of the feed.  R1 treatment resulted in the most favored palatability by the livestock. The combination of 55% Hymenachne acutigluma + 30% cassava leaves + 15% concentrate can improve the physical quality and palatability of feed.
Perspektif Prospek: Potensi dan Kendala Sektor Pertanian pada Zona Sub DAS Rawas di Kabupaten Musi Rawas Utara Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Chuzaimah Chuzaimah , Sjarkowi F. , Wildayana E. , Yunita Yunita
Published: January 2019

Chuzaimah et al, 2018. Prospect Perspective: Potential and Constraints of the Agricultural Sector in Rawas Sub-watershed Zone in Musi Rawas district, South Sumatra. JLSO 7(2):Land resources play a very important role in all sectors of economic development. Musi Rawas Utara District is one of 17 districts or cities in the administrative area of South Sumatra Province, which is the youngest district in the Province.This research aimed to analysis of 1) potential and 2) constraints of the agricultural sector in Rawas Sub-watershed Zone in Musi Rawas District, South Sumatra.This research was carried out in Musi Rawas Utara District. Primary data was based on questioner. Whereas secondary data was obtained from relevant agencies or institutions as well as literatures related to this paper. The results showed that there were several potentials and constraints of the agricultural sector in North Musi Rawas District. The potential that exists in terms of land use is remaining a large area of suitable land for agriculture. Land in Musi Rawas Utara District in 2014 was mostly used as a mixed plantation, which was 3,516.47 km² or reached 57.99% of the total the district area and spread throughout the sub-districts. The second widest use was 1,731.42 km² or 28.82% of the land in this District is still in the form of forests, both protected forests (1,604.07 km²) and secondary dry land forests (127.35 km²). The existing constraints in North Musi Rawas District are floods, forest fires, landslides and drought.
REQUEST EXPRESSION USED BY THE ENGLISH DEPARTMENT STUDENTS
Authors: Handayani Desti , Susyla Dian , Baluqiah Kiagus
Published: January 2019

In this research, the researcher wants to know what are the forms and what is the request strategy that frequently used by the English department students. The objectives of this research were to know and describe the form of request expressions used by the English department students, and also to find out what is the request strategy they used. The design of this research was descriptive method. The data were collected by using the cards, and the samples expressed the instruction based on the cards. The data were analyzed based on the category framework of request strategies proposed by Blum-Kulka et al (1989). From the three categories of request strategies written by Blum-Kulka et.al (1989), Direct level, Conventionally Indirect Level, and Non-Conventionally Indirect level.  The students only used the conventionally indirect level when they expressed the request to the hearer, there were ‘can’, ‘could’, and ‘would’ that involves in query preparatory. From the result of this research, the researcher can conclude that there are some forms of request expression that used by the English Department students, such as can you, could you, and would you. From the categories of request strategies written by Blum-Kulka et.al 1989, the students only used the conventionally indirect level when they expressed the request to the hearer, there are can, could, and would.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SERIES PICTURE TOWARDS STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY AT THE SECOND SEMESTER OF THE TENTH CLASS AT MA. AL-HIKMAH BANDAR LAMPUNG IN 2010/2011
Authors: . Syafrizal , Suwarno Bambang
Published: January 2019

A series picture is a sequence of picture dealing with one subject. It may tell a story, present an event, describe a scene, reveal a person, or show how to do something. From the previous studies, series picture has been demonstrated as practical teaching and learning media for students at all grade levels. This method has been identified by researchers as an excellent media for increasing vocabulary and improving writing competence. However, the use of series picture as media for speaking has been relatively unexplored. The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of series picture as media to improve students’ speaking ability. The research design of this study was pre- experimental design. The population was the tenth grade students of MA Al-Hikmah Way Halim Bandar Lampung in the academic year of 2010/2011 and samples consisted of 32 students. The data was collected via test, observation and interview.   In analyzing thedata,  t test formula was used, it was found that t ratio is 3.45 and ttable for a = 0.01 the ttableis 2.46 and for a = 0.05 the ttable is 1.70 it meant that t ratio was higher than t table. Thefinding showed positive feedback received from the subject on the use series picture fortheir speaking ability. Based on the result of this study, it can be concluded that series picture as media is very effective to improve students’ speaking ability.
USING SHORT STORY TO IMPROVE STUDENT’S READING COMPREHENSION (A STUDY AT THE SECOND YEAR STUDENT OF SMPN 2 KOTA BENGKULU)
Authors: Frimasary Amelia Eka , Syahrial Syahrial
Published: January 2019

The objective of this research was to know the differences in students score and also to know whether the student’s interest was improved or not, after did a treatment using short story and handbook. The instrument of this research was questionnaire. The result from short story was satisfactory. The mean score from pre-test was 45.1 for experimental class and 45.25 for control class. The difference both of class was 0.15 point. The result of post-test was 55.9 for the experimental class, and 51.8 for the control class. The difference in both classes was 4.1. It can be concluded that the experiment was success. The explanation above showed that the differences in improving students’ score and interest by giving the treatment, and the differences score between two classes are significant. It means that reading activity by using short story could improve students reading comprehension in class I of SMPN 2 Kota Bengkulu.
USING THINK-PAIR-SQUARE-SHARE STRATEGY TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY FOR INDONESIAN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Rufiana Devi , Mulyadi Mulyadi
Published: January 2019

The objective of the research was to determine how the Think-Pair-Square-Share (TPSS) Strategy can improve the frequency, duration and accuracy speaking students. The subject wasthe second year of Language class, consists of 19 students. The quantitative and qualitative data were applied to see the improvement of students’ speaking ability and improvement of learning situations for the strategy applied. The instruments used to gather the data werea students’ speaking ability test and observation sheet. Based on the results of the test conducted at the end of the study and analysis of observation sheets, it could be said that the speech and behavior of students during the learning process had increased. The students' speaking frequency, duration and accuracy orderly increasedfrom 31%, 47%, and 37% at baseline to 79%, 84% and 79% at the end of the study. Results showed that the number of students at the end of the research had achieved success indicator. The students also showed motivation, interest, participation, and enthusiasm better for the learning process.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SCIENTIFIC LEARNING APPROACH AT 10th GRADE ENGLISH CLASSES OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 4 KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Wipaqi Hikma
Published: January 2019

The purpose of this research is to determine the application of the scientific approach in teaching of English for 10th grade at Senior High School 4 Bengkulu City. This research used the descriptive method. The subject of this research was the English teacher at Senior High School 4 Kota Bengkulu. The number of participants in this research were 3 English teachers who tough in 10th grade. This study used observation checklist as an instrument. Observation checklist consisted of three main components. The first component consisted of five phases of scientific approach. They were observing, asking, exploring, associating and communicating. The second component was learning materials that supported the implementation of scientific learning approach and the third component was an assessment in scientific learning approach. The results of this study indicated that the implementation of scientific learning approach included the all five phases reached an average of 3.13 ( in ‘good ‘category),  observing phase reached an average 2.80 ( in ‘fair” category),  asking phase reached an average of 3.15 ( in ‘good; category), exploring phase  reached an average of 3.18 ( in’ good ‘category), phase associating reached an average of 3.47 ( in ‘very good’ category)  and  communicating phase reached an average of 3.06 (in’ good ‘category). The second component of development of the material reached an average of 3.72 ( in’ very good’ categories) and the third component was an assessment reached 3.67 (in ‘very good’ category).
DEVELOPING READING MATERIAL BASED-ON LOCAL CULTURE FOR JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL IN KABUPATEN REJANG LEBONG
Authors: Agustina Leni , Harahap Alamsyah
Published: January 2019

Nowadays, the developing and appreciating material based on student’s local culture is very attractive. The objectives of this research are to know the existing folktales in students’ book, to identify local folktales that suitable to be included in the English students’ book and to know how to include the local folktales in the English students’ book for ninth grade of Junior High School in Rejang Lebong. This research adapted the R&D model proposed by Borg and Gall (1983) with some modifications. The data was taken from students and teachers of SMP Negeri 1 Rejang Lebong, SMP Negeri 2 Rejang Lebong and SMP Negeri 5 Rejang Lebong through questionnaire and interview.  The first result of this research shows that students like the existing folktales in students’ book but sometimes they found difficulties in comprehending it. The second result identifies three siutable local folktales suitable to be included in the students’ book; Legenda Batu Menangis (62.4%), Lalan Belek (66.7%) and Muning Raib (66.7%). The third result shows that the developed material can be used as supplementary reading material. In conclusion, the existing folktales in the student’s book are good but not contextual, there are highly three suitable local folktales to be included in students’ book (Legenda Batu Menangis, Lalan Belek, and Muning Raib) and the way to include the suitable local folktales in English students’ book is as supplementary reading material. As suggestion, the next researcher can conduct further study on evaluation by using try out of this material development.
PENGARUH BAURAN PEMASARAN TERHADAP KEPUASAN KONSUMEN RICHEESE FACTORY BINTARA KOTA BEKASI
Authors: Ariyanti Anik
Published: January 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh bauran pemasaran terhadap kepuasan konsumen Richeese Factory Bintara Kota Bekasi. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian eksplanatori dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan sampel menggunakan Purposive Sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebnayak 100 orang responden. Metode pengumpulan data melalui penyebaran kuesioner. Teknik analiss data untuk penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif dan analisis regresi linier berganda. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik yang dilakukan dapat diketahui bahwa secara simultan produk, harga, tempat dan promosi mempunyai pengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan konsumen. Secara parsial produk, harga, tempat dan promosi berpengaruh terhadap terhadap kepuasan konsumen Richeese Factory Bintara Kota Bekasi. Kata kunci:Bauran Pemasaran, Produk, Promosi, Harga, Tempat dan Kepuasan Konsumen
ISAAC ROSENBERG’İN ŞİİRLERİNDE ‘GÜN’ İLE ‘GECE’NİN MÜCADELESİ
Authors: ALTUNSOY Şafak
Published: January 2019

Isaac
Rosenberg, 1918 yılında savaşta öldürülene dek şiirler yazmış ve eskizler
çizmiş Yahudi asıllı bir İngiliz şairdir. Bu çalışma, Rosenberg’in Birinci
Dünya Savaşından önce yazdığı şiirlere yoğunlaşmaktadır. Toplumsal bir eleştiri
olarak şairin Yahudi kökenlerine ve maddi sıkıntılarına göndermede bulunan
çalışma, bir savaş şairinin yaşadığı düş kırıklıkları ve melankolisinin yıkıcı
savaş deneyiminden önce de takip edilebileceğini göstermektedir. Çalışma
Rosenberg’in ilk şiirlerinde zaman kavramının şiirleştirilmesine odaklanır.
Çeşitli şiirler vasıtasıyla şiirlerde zaman kavramının nasıl algılandığının
yanı sıra şiirlerin şairin hissettiği yabancılaşmayı rahatlatan bir alan olduğu
da çalışmanın konusudur. Şairin tanrıyla olan sorunlu ilişkisi de zaman ile
ilintilidir. Neticede Rosenberg şiiri 19.yüzyıl şiirine öykünse de şairin ilk
eserlerindeki bu öykünme çok katmanlı savaş şiirlerindeki farklı sese zemin
hazırlamıştır. Böylece çalışma Rosenberg şiirindeki temel güç olan melankolinin
acı savaş deneyimlerinin çok öncesinde yaşadığı toplumdan kopukluk/yabancılaşma
olduğu sonucuna varır.
YALÇIN TOSUN ÖYKÜLERİNDE GELENEKSEL ATAERKİL ERKEK VE KADIN KİMLİKLERİNİN İNŞASI
Authors: ABDAL Göksenin
Published: January 2019

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Yalçın
Tosun öykülerinden örneklerle geleneksel ataerkil kadınlık ve erkeklik
kimliklerinin inşa ediliş yollarını ortaya koymaktır. Yazara ait yazın
evreninin kısaca tanıtıldığı giriş bölümünden sonra, birinci bölümde, sünnetle
inşa edilen erkeklik kavramının ele alındığı Her Şey Tarih Oluyor (Anne,
Baba ve Diğer Ölümcül Şeyler, 2009); ikinci bölümde, altın günü için bir araya
gelen kadınların gündelik yaşamının anlatıldığı Altın Günü (Peruk Gibi Hüzünlü, 2011); üçüncü bölümde, sürekli olarak
aldatılma korkusu yaşayan bir erkek eşin şiddet eğilimini merkeze alan Bir Kocanın Gizli Defterinden (Dokunma
Dersleri, 2013); dördüncü bölümde ise, bir lokanta sahibi olan Azmi Efendi ve
kadın müşterisi arasındaki ilişkiye odaklanan Güzel Yüzlü Garsonlar (Bir Nedene Sunuldum, 2015) öyküleri
incelenmektedir. Sonuç olarak, Yalçın Tosun’un, geleneksel ataerkil erkeklik ve
kadınlık rolleriyle ilişkili unsurları doğrudan yansıtma ve bozuma uğratma gibi
yaklaşımlarla ele aldığı ve öykülerinde bu durumun birçok izine rastlandığı
fark edilmiştir.
John Langshaw Austin ve Ted Cohen’in Dil-Eylem (Sprechakt) Teorileri Çerçevesinde Hüseyin Rahmi Gürpınar’ın “Ecir ve Sabır” Hikâyesine Atf-ı Nazar
Authors: DUMAN Mehmet Akif
Published: January 2019

Hüseyin Rahmi Gürpınar (1864-1944) romancı olarak daha
ziyade yazdıklarının muhtevası ile değerlendirilir; ele aldığı tipleri
canlandırmadaki ustalığı ve halk için sanatın gereği olarak eserine
konuşlandırdığı bilgi merkezli işleyiş ile tahlil edilir. Peki onun dilini bu
kadar etkileyici, tesirli ve hatta büyüleyici yapan nedir? Nasıl olur da
konuşan kişi yazar tarafından konuşturulan değil de bizzat kendisi konuşan,
mevcut olan, nefes alıp veren suretinde metne hâkim olur? Bu şüphesiz dilin
pragmatik katmana yakın olarak ve yer yer pragmatik katman içinde kullanılması
ile mümkündür. Ayrıca dili perlokasyonel ve illokasyonel arasında ustaca
biçimlendirmek de aynı başarının temininde önemli rol oynar. Bu hususları
Austin ve Cohen himmeti ile izaha etmek şüphesiz metin tahlili için gereken
nazarî zemini en kısa yoldan imar etmek cihetinde olacaktır.
Efecto de los parámetros del proceso de bruñido por rodillo en el campo de esfuerzos residuales
Authors: López Martínez Edgar , Vázquez Gómez Octavio , Vergara Hernández Héctor Javier
Published: January 2019

Mediante la formulación de un modelo matemático resuelto con el método de elemento finito del proceso de bruñido por rodillo, se analizó el efecto de la fuerza, número de pases y avance del rodillo, sobre el campo de esfuerzos residuales, el máximo esfuerzo residual compresivo y su profundidad en discos de acero AISI 1045. La validación del modelo se llevó a cabo comparando los resultados experimentales del porcentaje de variación del diámetro de discos de acero (obtenidos de la literatura) con los obtenidos de la simulación. La principal diferencia entre estos resultados se debe a que en la simulación, el rodillo presenta un comportamiento mecánico rígido. Se observó que la fuerza es el principal parámetro que influye sobre los parámetros de salida. Debido a la importancia del acero API X52 en la industria petrolera, se analizó el efecto de la fuerza de bruñido sobre el campo de esfuerzos residuales.