bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
2022 Expedition to Mali
Authors: VANYUKOVA Darya
Published: December 2022

The 2022 field season (January 23 – February 23) turned out to be very productive: we managed to clarify the history of Dogon migrations from the Mande Country to the Bandiagara Highlands. We received quite complete information on the prophet Abirɛ, who predicted the return of Dogon to their historical homeland and completely new information about Bozo and Bambara puppets. Finally, we acquired many interesting artifacts for the State Museum of Oriental Arts. Due to the inability to arrive to the Dogon Country, it was decided to focus on the area of the city of Bougouni (Sikasso region) in southern Mali and on the Mande Country (regions of Koulikoro and Kayes, from the city of Kangaba in the west to Bamako in the east). Two magnificent, beautifully attributed works of traditional Bambara art were acquired in Bougouni for the collection of the State Museum of Oriental Arts: “Monkey” (Warabilen) and “Wild buffalo” (Sigi; Sigifin) masks. During the expedition, new and very significant data were obtained on the migrations of the Dogon from the Mande Country to the Bandiagara Highlands. A lot of information has now been accumulated regarding how the Dogon came to their new homeland. They were published, including in Russian. But the Manding oral traditions about the exodus of Dogon are still little known. We have partially succeeded in making up for this shortcoming. Oral historical traditions about the exodus of the Dogon from the Mande Country are changeable, internally contradictory and extremely unstable narratives with confused chronology, filled with omissions and vague allusions. However, some conclusions can still be drawn: there is almost no doubt that the root cause of the Dogon leaving for the lifeless rocks of Bandiagara was some kind of difficult and bloody conflict, accompanied by numerous victims. It is also clear that there were several waves of resettlement, and the last Dogon left for the highlands in the middle of the second half of the 19th century. It was also possible to find out that the Bambara and Bozo puppets are not at all a secularized popular theater. The puppet society is associated with the Koré secret society, and is perhaps one of the most powerful Bambara societies, which in this case refers to three ethnic groups: the Bambara proper, the Bozo (Dogon partners in a marriage-prohibitive joking relations) and the Marka (Soninké). Ceremonies involving puppets are completely sacred (only members of the Society take part in them), semi-sacred (only men take part in them), and, finally, publicly available — everyone, including women and children, takes part in them.
Character Chains in the Chinese Language (On the Base of Complex Signs with Radical 人 / 亻 ‘Man’)
Authors: Mikhalkova Nadezhda
Published: December 2022

The article deals with the composition and semantic features of the derivative complex logograms with radical 人 / 亻 ‘man’ in the Chinese language. Based on structural-semantic and etymological analysis, the possibility of sequential chain connection of simple logograms into a multicomponent sign is revealed (by analogy with word formation in the languages of the sound-letter type). The structural and the structural-semantic types of chains are established, the features of connecting components of complex characters are determined, and models of the chain combination of signs are developed: structurally complete (consistently formed from four to six character signs “character (A) → character (A+B) → character (A+B+C) →character (A+B+C+D)”, incomplete (up to three sequentially attached characters “character (A) →character (A+B) → character (A+B+C)”), with a gap (the absence of an intermediate chain character, for example, “character (A) → character (A+B) →character (A+B+C+D)”). Character chains with logogram reduplication were separately identified and considered. The results of the statistical analysis made it possible to identify the frequency of chains of a different type, as well as to determine the leading type of composition (by the number of components in a complex sign and their frequency of occurrence in sign-forming chains). On the other hand, the formation of sign-forming chains of different types clearly ‘demonstrates’ the prevalence of radial rather than chain structures. A feature of the identified chain constructions is the dominance of the structural-semantic type of constructions, where the structural-formal aspect is a more powerful basis for construction. At the same time, the results of a deep etymological and semantic analysis showed several semantic connections, which also form the basis of the chains.
The Social Structure of Qing China. Part 1: State and Taxpaying Peasantry in the “Сlass-State” System
Authors: Nepomnin Oleg E.
Published: December 2022

The article follows up on the series of general theoretical works by Oleg E. Nepomnin (1935-2020) published in previous issues of the Oriental Courier. [Непомнин, 2019, 2020, 2021a, 2021b]. Oleg E. Nepomnin, a specialist in Chinese studies and Orientalism, was one of the most prominent theorists of Oriental societies. The author adheres to the concept of “class-state” which was formed in traditional China and determined all spheres of Chinese society, and in the Qing era. Society was built on an integral combination of grassroots or “small” “universal” collectivity: the Great Empire, the state. Such a system was characterized by the weakness of horizontal ties of class, class, social stratum, stratum, with the dominance of vertical ties. Its basis was the “primary unit — supreme power” link. The absorption of everyone in traditional China by the “personal” micro-community and the cellularity of society led to the underdevelopment and internal fragmentation of estates and social groups in the face of the all-powerful state of the eastern despotism. In medieval China the “class-state” was a major economic phenomenon. It was large-scale both in terms of the impact of officialdom on the economic life of the country and in a narrower sense. “Class-state” had its own sub-sector of public land tenure. In addition to this, the bureaucracy’s immediate sphere of domination included a second huge subsector — the tax-paying peasant lands. In the North and Manchuria, the economic system was predominantly “state” with the increased role of taxes and officials, while in the South and Central China it was predominantly private and “rental” with the special role of land rent and debt bondage. The “class-state” by means of the bureaucracy and the shenshi class ensured the integrity and unity of both regions. The “class-state” received annually in the form of taxes, duties and other taxation 40 % of the entire mass of real and “conditional” grain withdrawn from the village — over 13 % of China’s total production. About 52 % of this amount was rent-taxes on the taxed peasants, more than 38 % were levied on the private rented sector, and more than 9 % — on the government-dependent farmers.
The Doctrine of “Wilayat al-Faqih”: Interpretations, Theoretical Base and Genesis
Authors: Krylov German L.
Published: December 2022

After the 1979 “Islamic Revolution” which brought to power Ayatollah Ruhollah Musawi Khomeini Iran was indoctrinated by the ideology of “wilayat al-faqih” (guardianship of the Islamic theologist). This brand was not new in Shia Islam: it emerged centuries ago as an idea that all believers should be under the guidance of Islamic theologists until the end of the period of the Major Occultation (al-ghaybah as-sughra). This age started when in 941 the last contactee with the twelfth and the last of the Imams — Muhammad Ibn al-Hassan al-Mahdi, who had disappeared in 874, deceased. The Shias believe that Imam al-Mahdi is still alive and will reappear in the end of times. The term “faqih” in Arabic means a person who deeply knows or understands something. In the context of the Islamic tradition it designates a sage capable of explaining the Quran and other recognized religious texts. The practical exigencies of the life of state, society and individual, as al-Mahdi’s occultation grew longer and longer, raised the status of the faqihs who faced the necessity of resolving contemporary issues. Some of them even made claims to exercise political power which eventually were embodied by the modern ideology of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Even those Shia religious authorities who did not support the ambitions of the absolute guardianship (al-wilaya al-mutlaqa) that included state-ruling, were unable to stay outside politics. The brightest example of this is the figure of the spiritual leader of the Iraqi Shias Ayatollah Ali as-Sistani who is respected and listened to not only by Iraqi politicians, but by foreign state officials as well.
International Symposium “Open Pages in South Asian Studies — IV”
Authors: Gazieva Indira
Published: December 2022

The series of international symposia, “Open Pages in the Study of South Asia” focuses on problems in the region that have not yet been explained by researchers and pose a kind of mystery to scholars. The Symposia were initiated in 2011 by the International Scientific and Educational Center for South Asian Studies at the Russian State University for the Humanities (RSUH). To date, four symposia have been held. The first two were held at RSUH in 2011 and 2013. The Third symposium was held at the University of Guwahati (Assam, India) in January 2019. The Fourth symposium was held on Jan. 29–31, 2022 at the Shivaji University (Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India). It was organized jointly by Shivaji University and RSUH. Due to the worsening epidemiological situation in the world, the symposium was held online. The organizers of the symposium proposed “Contemporary trends in South Asia” as a unifying theme for discussion. Over the three days, more than 70 scholars from many educational and academic institutions in Russia, South Asia, and Europe spoke at the sessions, presenting 54 papers. Presentations and discussions were organized within nine sections: “South Asia: The Past and Present”, “South Asia: The Challenges of Ethnic Pluralism, Cultural Diversity, and Multiculturalism”, “Human Rights & Democracy in South Asia”, “Gender in South Asia”, “Role of Literary Translation in South Asia”, “Glimpses of South Asia today”, etc. The Indian organizers of the symposium managed to implead interesting speakers — prominent scientists, journalists, public and political figures, and activists of labor and women’s movements. Among them is Romila Thapar — an elder of Indian historians, Ganesh Devi — literary critic and linguist, founder of the Adivasi Academy, Prabhat Patnaik — a well-known economist and political commentator, Saeed Naqvi — one of the oldest Indian journalists, television commentator and interviewer, Jatin Desai, Syeda Hameed, to name a few.
To the 90th Anniversary of Leonid B. Alaev: On Marxism, Community and Indology. Part I
Authors: Dubrovskaya Dinara V.
Published: December 2022

This first part of the interview with a well-known humanitarian, historian, orientalist, Indologist and theorist professor Leonid Borisovich Alaev is timed to coincide with his anniversary. The conversation touches on the main problems of Leonid B. Alaev’s research — questions of the history and theory of the community and primitive communal society, the Marxist approach to the humanities and modern search for patterns of historical development. Interviewers are interested in the history of Leonid B. Alaev’s family, his life path before entering Moscow State University and his assessment of the formation and development of Indology as a specialty of larger Oriental studies.
Legendary Egyptian Queen Cleopatra in Murudj al-Dhahab wa Ma‘adin al-Djawhar by al-Mas‘udi (10th century)
Authors: Mikulski Dimitri V.
Published: December 2022

Cleopatra (69–30 B. C.) is the last of the sovereigns (51–30 B. C.) of the Ptolemaic Dynasty, that was ruling Egypt in the 4th–1st centuries B. C. As early as in the writings of the authors of Antiquity, she acquired fame as an irresistible and voluptuous beauty. But most of all she became famous for having courageously put an end to her life through a bite of a poisonous snake, as she hated to fall prey to the first Roman Emperor Octavian August (63 B. C. – 14 A. D.; since 31 B. C. — the individual ruler of the Roman State). The fate of the Egyptian Queen was inspiring many European creators of culture in different eras: at the dawn of Modern Times, during the epoch of Romanticism and in the 20th century. The great Arab-Muslim traveler, geographer, historian and belletrist al-Mas‘udi (d. 956) was informed about Cleopatra. He installed into his main surviving work “The Meadows of Gold and the Mines of Germs” the story of the death of the Royal Beauty, which bears a most tragic character. In the version of al-Mas‘udi justice is triumphant, as cruel August (Ughustus) suffers due punishment. While publishing the academic translation of the story about the death of the Egyptian Queen the author of the present lines hopes that it would be interesting both for the academic experts and for the general reader. As a supplement the translation of the life of Ughustus (Octavian August) is attached, which is made on the basis of the same source.
Speech Etiquette in Korean Society
Authors: Son Somia
Published: December 2022

Speech etiquette, or the order of verbal behavior, expresses respect or politeness in a group and is realized through vocabulary, form, style, intonation, pronunciation, and discourse. The Korean culture of politeness is one of the unique traditional features of Korea and an important characteristic of Korean society. Korean speech etiquette has many generalizations and manners shaped by Confucianism, as Confucian society perceived humility and consideration for others as important values in building social contacts. However, changes in family life in Korea after the 1960s affected the everyday culture of speech. In the nuclear family, children do not spend much time with grandparents, and conversations between parents and children become less frequent due to extreme busyness, reducing the learning of language etiquette in the natural social environment. With the penetration of Western individualistic culture and with the rapid economic development, the values and speech ethics of the younger generation in Korea are changing. In this article, the author seeks to identify the characteristics of traditional speech etiquette in Korea as well as to find ways to maintain and develop speech etiquette in the future.
“The Soviet Government Approves of Our Religion”: Yezidism in Soviet Cinema
Authors: Pobedonostseva-Kaya Angelika
Published: December 2022

Yezidi studies in Russia and the USSR were connected, first of all, with the general development of Kurdish studies. Due to long-term social isolation and religious persecution, the Yezidis were a closed society, which, due to its low social “proletarian” status, was considered by the Bolsheviks as a society capable of assimilating a new revolutionary ideology. One of the most important elements of nation-building was the formation of a national identity among the ethnic groups of the eastern and southern regions of the USSR through the promotion of the ancient heritage of these peoples, as well as the interpretation of their religious traditions as part of their national identity. Unlike the European part of the country, here it was about pre-modern societies and was complicated by tribal and religious aspects. National minorities in the USSR were often assigned to one or another republic, within the framework of which they received the institutions of modern culture and elements of their own administration. In Armenia, home to the largest Yezidi community in the region, Kurdish identity has long been linked to Islam, which could potentially also mean opposition to modern Armenian identity, which emphasizes Christianity. The Armenian side made references to the common past during the First World War and looked for additional ethnic groups as potential allies. Armenia's monopoly on the Kurds and Yezidis is reflected in the cinema. There were few films dedicated to the Kurds during the entire existence of the SSR of Armenia. The main emphasis in the report is made on the films of the interwar period: “Zare” (1926) and “Yezidi Kurds” (1932). These paintings are interesting not only as one of the earliest depictions of Kurdish society, but also as an attempt to represent and interpret Yezidi rites and customs on film.
New Forms of Korean Landscape Painting: Barcoded Landscape by Oh Hyun-Yong
Authors: Gutareva Julia
Published: December 2022

The article focuses on the landscape art of the South Korean artist Oh Hyun-yong (b. 1949) proposing an original approach to adapting the artistic traditions of Korean landscape painting sansuhwa (“mountain-water”) by using the technology of our time — the visual symbol of the bar code. The purpose of the article is to study the distinctive features of the master’s creative method, in which, while using new expressive means, one can observe the preservation of high spiritual ideality inherent in the traditional Korean landscape, which undoubtedly constitutes the most important specific feature of Korean sansuhwa painting — increased attention to the philosophical and aesthetic aspect of landscape art which was considered as an integral and largely determining part of the artistic process.
The research is based on the principle of an integrated approach to the problem stated in the theme of the report. In addition to a systematic analysis, an art history approach is used which combines elements of typological comparisons of various discoveries of Oh Hyun-yong with stylistic and comparative analysis of selected landscape paintings of famous Korean artists of the past era, such as Jeong Seon (1676–1759), Kim Hongdo (1745–1806?), Kim Gyujin (1868–1933) and others. Analyzing Oh Hyun-yong’s landscape works, called “bar-coded landscape” by South Korean critics, which represent a creative reinterpretation of artistic traditions while following the innovations of our time, their role and significance in the contemporary art of the Republic of Korea is determined. The author makes a conclusion about the originality of Oh Hyun-yong’s landscape art that represents the aspiration to technology and the reflection of the problems of the modern world, based on the artistic principles inherent in the traditional painting of sansuhwa which contributes to the revival of the aesthetics of the Korean landscape in the new art forms of modernity.
Do badań nad wariabilnością ludowych pieśni religijnych w Polsce
Authors: Kusto Agata
Published: December 2022

Artykuł ukazuje badania nad wariabilnością religijnych pieśni ludowych w Polsce. Autorka ustala funkcjonowanie pojęć związanych z wariabilnością na gruncie folklorystyki, językoznawstwa i etnomuzykologii oraz dokonuje przeglądu pionierskich prac etnomuzykologicznych w zakresie wariabilności, powołując się na takich badaczy, jak Adolf Chybiński, Julian Pulikowski czy Jan Stęszewski. Polscy etnomuzykolodzy zauważają potrzebę zestawiania wariantów, dostrzegają szereg uwarunkowań, z których na czoło wysuwa się czynnik regionalny. Wariabilność ludowych pieśni religijnych w Polsce jest opisywana na podstawie ustaleń ks. Bolesława Bartkowskiego i Antoniego Zoły oraz innych autorów, opracowujących pieśni w ramach prac Instytutu Muzykologii KUL. W efekcie określono szereg aspektów badawczych, uwzględniając obecność repertuaru religijnego nie tylko w żywej tradycji, ale także w źródłach drukowanych. Badacze są zgodni co do ograniczonych możliwości wariabilności muzycznej, jednocześnie wnoszą o poszukiwanie jej przyczyn i prawidłowości przy uwzględnieniu wszystkich elementów składowych pieśni. Dzisiaj potrzeba analizowania transformacji repertuaru religijnego jest podyktowana dynamicznymi zmianami w jego funkcjonowaniu.
Inspiracje polskim folklorem i pieśnią religijną w koncertach fortepianowych Wojciecha Kilara
Authors: Miklaszewska Joanna
Published: December 2022

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie związku materiału dźwiękowego oraz warstwy estetycznej koncertów fortepianowych Wojciecha Kilara z tradycją polskiego folkloru oraz polskiej pieśni religijnej i śpiewów liturgicznych. Pod tym kątem zostały przaanalizowane dwa koncerty Kilara na fortepian solo i orkiestrę, powstałe odpowiednio w latach 1996-1997 oraz 2011. Wpływy folkloru są najbardziej wyraźne w II Koncercie fortepianowym, w którym pojawiają się aluzje do pieśni podhalańskich. W obu koncertach Kilara natomiast pojawiają się silne związki materiału dźwiękowego z polską pieśnią religijną oraz śpiewem liturgicznym. Podjęte w dalszej części artykułu rozważania nawiązują do metodologii M. Tomaszewskiego i dotyczą obecnych w koncertach fortepianowych Wojciecha Kilara czterech idiomów stylistycznych, składających się na indywidualny styl muzyczny tego kompozytora w trzecim okresie twórczości. Są to: pierwiastek sacrum, nowy romantyzm, folkloryzm i postminimalizm.
Od źródła do współczesności – ewolucja folkloru instrumentalnego w Beskidzie Śląskim (przykład Trójwsi)
Authors: Szyndler Magdalena
Published: December 2022

Współcześnie w kulturze ludowej zaobserwować możemy zmiany o różnym podłożu. Dotyczy to również folkloru muzycznego w Beskidzie Śląskim. Region ten ma bogate tradycje związane z utrwalaniem repertuaru muzycznego, manier wykonawczych i instrumentarium ludowego. Na straży tych wartości stoją muzycy, często autochtoni dla których ważny jest przekaz międzypokoleniowy. Edukują oni młode pokolenie muzyków beskidzkich i dbają o zachowanie tradycji. Jednocześnie następują przemiany w repertuarze czy budowie instrumentów ludowych, które są podyktowane inspiracją twórczą, ale też względami pragmatycznymi czy komercyjnymi (m.in. Stroiki poliwęglanowe w gajdach śląskich).
The Sound and Musical Landscape of a Non-Existent City: Contributions to Research on Sound Archaeology Based on the Example of the Pre-War Jewish Quarter in Lublin
Authors: Posłuszna Joanna
Published: December 2022

Prior to the Second World War, the multicultural city of Lublin was an important centre of Jewish culture. Of that period, only Brama Grodzka [City Gate], which used to be the passageway between the Christian and the Jewish parts of Lublin, has “survived”. Nowadays, it houses Brama Grodzka – Teatr NN [City Gate – Theatre NN], a cultural centre which provides display areas for commemorative exhibitions and organises various cultural and educational events. In the 1990s, a permanent project on the everyday pre-war life in the “Jewish city” (as well as the Jews’ situation during the time of the German occupation) was launched here. The collected source material was integrated into commemorative exhibitions. These projects show that the past of non-existent Jewish quarters can be reconstructed not only visually, but also acoustically, making it possible to recreate the ethnomusical landscape of the city that has ceased to exist. This article presents the sound and musical landscape of the city of Lublin and its vicinity, using the example of the Jewish quarter of Lublin, taking into account traditional music and its various transformations.
Tańce ludowe i narodowe w działalności Zofii Kwaśnicowej
Authors: Głasek Barbara
Published: December 2022

Zofia Kwaśnicowa należała do grona najwybitniejszych nauczycieli Centralnego Instytutu Wychowania Fizycznego, przemianowanego w 1938 r. na Akademię Wychowania Fizycznego Józefa Piłsudskiego w Warszawie. Na potrzeby kształcenia kadr wychowania fizycznego i szkolnictwa ogólnego opracowała metodykę nauczania tańców ludowych i narodowych oraz ćwiczeń muzyczno-‑ruchowych. Poprzedziła to czteroletnimi badaniami etnograficznymi (1931-1935), obejmującymi niemal cały obszar Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej. Dzięki temu pozyskała obraz oryginalnego folkloru tanecznego z wielu regionów, który został wprowadzony do szkolnych programów nauczania w okresie międzywojennym i był stale nauczany do końca lat 70. XX wieku. Celem niniejszej pracy jest przedstawienie zasług Zofii Kwaśnicowej dla rozwoju metodyki nauczania tańców ludowych i narodowych oraz zajęć muzyczno-ruchowych dla potrzeb szkolnictwa. Zastosowane zostały metody badawcze z zakresu nauk historycznych, przede wszystkim krytyczna analiza i interpretacja dokumentów, źródeł pierwotnych i wtórnych oraz historyczna interpretacja faktów.
Congregational Hymns in Folk Memory
Authors: Watzatka Ágnes
Published: December 2022

Congregational hymns are usually composed by priests or cantors. Hymns are transmitted via congregational singing and they often become the anonymous common property of the whole congregation. In Hungarian villages many congregational hymns were adapted by the local people. These hymns were sung in the same “local” style as the folksongs (with free rhythm and rich ornamentation). Hungarian musicologists have collected hymns from the 16th and 17th centuries in rural areas. During the process of assimilation, the melodies were slightly, or sometimes significantly, modified. This occurred as a consequence of the tonal difference between the hymns, composed mostly in major-minor tonalities, and Hungarian folksongs, which predominantly use old modes. The results of this collection of folklorized hymns were used in the compilation of a new hymnal in which the editors published the contemporary folk versions of many old hymns.
Śpiewy kalwaryjskie funkcjonujące w tradycji pisanej i ustnej w Kalwarii Zebrzydowskiej i w Kalwarii Pacławskiej w kontekście ich percepcji w wybranych parafiach południowo-wschodniej Polski
Authors: Strycharz-Bogacz Kinga
Published: December 2022

Celem artykułu jest charakterystyka śpiewów kalwaryjskich funkcjonujących w tradycji pisanej i ustnej w Kalwarii Zebrzydowskiej i Kalwarii Pacławskiej w kontekście ich percepcji w wybranych parafiach południowo-wschodniej Polski. Pielgrzymowanie na te Kalwarie sprzyjało rozwojowi lokalnych śpiewów. Ich analiza porównawcza wykazała, że stykając się z odmiennością pątniczych wykonań ulegały ich wpływowi, a dzięki percepcji przez wiernych nawiedzających Kalwarie tutejsze śpiewy rozprzestrzeniały się w innych regionach kraju. Repertuar wykonywany przez pielgrzymów w ich parafiach łącząc się z lokalnymi pieśniami zyskał określenie „śpiewy kalwaryjskie”. Bogactwo ich melodii i treści jest olbrzymie, wśród nich spotykamy też kontrafaktury. Zbiory foniczne Archiwum Muzycznego Folkloru Religijnego KUL zawierają nagrania 47 incipitów śpiewów kalwaryjskich z południowo-wschodniej Polski. Badania dowiodły, że jako udokumentowana tradycja ustna ulegają wariabilności czyli różnego typu przekształceniom ich zapisów śpiewnikowych, często uwarunkowanym regionalnie. Śpiewniki kalwaryjskie potwierdzają współistnienie tradycji pisanej i ustnej. Wykazano, że zapis śpiewnikowy jest zarówno identyczny w stosunku do tradycji ustnej, jak i stanowi jedynie wydane drukiem źródło funkcjonujące równolegle do praktyki wykonawczej tego repertuaru.
Miejsce i funkcja pieśni oraz przyśpiewek korowajowych w obrzędzie weselnym na Podlasiu
Authors: Maksymiuk-Pacek Beata , Szadura Joanna
Published: December 2022

Celem artykułu jest omówienie funkcji i miejsca pieśni i przyśpiewek korowajowych w tradycyjnym obrzędzie weselnym Podlasia. Podstawą analizy są pieśni i przyśpiewki towarzyszące przygotowaniu i dzieleniu korowaja weselnego, zaczerpnięte z tomów Podlasie i Lubelskie, wydanych w serii „Polska pieśń i muzyka ludowa” PAN, z wybranych tomów Dzieł wszystkich Oskara Kolberga oraz z prac dokumentalistów i badaczy wschodniego pogranicza kulturowego. Repertuar pieśniowy uporządkowano zgodnie ze scenariuszem wesela tradycyjnego. Autorki w wyborze przykładowych ilustracji kierowały się tematyką prezentowanych tekstów i analizowały je pod względem językowym i kulturowym, a nie muzycznym. Na tej podstawie podjęły próbę ustalenia funkcji pieśni i przyśpiewek korowajowych.

Analiza potwierdziła, że korowaj był i jest jednym z fenomenów kulturowych Podlasia, ważnym składnikiem samoidentyfikacji jego mieszkańców. Pieśni związane z jego rolą w obrzędzie weselnym mają charakter archaiczny i unikatowy, są bogate w symboliczne treści. Pełniły trzy funkcje: magiczną, scenariuszową i instruktażową.
Szopka z lalkami z okolic Padwi Narodowej – tradycyjne widowisko i jego repertuar muzyczny
Authors: Rokosz Tomasz
Published: December 2022

W artykule przedstawiono i przeanalizowano genezę, kontekst wykonawczy i repertuar muzyczny szopki z lalkami. Analizowany materiał foniczny, zdeponowany w Archiwum Muzycznego Folkloru Religijnego KUL (AMFR), zarejestrowano w 1974 r. w Padwi Narodowej (Rzeszowskie), badania w formie wywiadu terenowego powtórzono w 2022 r. W analizach muzycznych uwzględniono 27 utworów, dla których wykonano transkrypcje muzyczne. Szczegółowy opis i interpretacja szopki z lalkami może być kluczem do zrozumienia lokalnych społeczności. W widowisku odzwierciedlono ludowy świat wartości, zakazy i nakazy, stosunek do mniejszości religijnych i etnicznych, problematykę stanową, postrzeganie określonych zawodów itd. Ukazuje ona obraz świata małych wspólnot, wprowadzony na symboliczny poziom sztuki aktorskiej i muzycznej.
Equipes de Saúde da Família e Equipes de Atenção Primária: avaliação do cuidado segundo a ótica da pessoa idosa
Authors: Trintinaglia Vanessa , Bonamigo Andrea Wander , Azambuja Marcelo Schenk de
Published: December 2022

Objetivos: Este estudo objetiva avaliar e comparar as Equipes de Saúde da Família (ESF) e Equipes de Atenção Primária (EAP) e as ações de Educação em Saúde para a população idosa desenvolvidas em serviços de Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa com 80 idosos de oito municípios da Serra Gaúcha, sendo quatro deles com ESF e quatro com EAP. Aplicaram-se entrevistas semiestruturadas através do instrumento de avaliação da qualidade de serviços (SERVQUAL), adaptado para a APS, com a inserção de questões em outra dimensão: Educação em Saúde. Após a transcrição do material, este foi analisado à luz da abordagem hermenêutico-dialética. Resultados: Não se evidenciaram grandes diferenças entre as equipes de ESF e EAP, exceto pelos atendimentos domiciliares, mais frequentes nos locais com ESF. A valorização da consulta médica e da medicalização, a importância do vínculo entre idoso e o profissional para a longitudinalidade do cuidado, situações de acolhimento frágil relatados em ESF e EAP, assim como a avaliação positiva dos aspectos tangíveis (estrutura física, ambiência) emergiram em ambas as equipes. Identificou-se, ainda, relevância secundária do Agente Comunitário de Saúde, referido pelos idosos como informante do serviço de saúde. Conclusões: A satisfação dos idosos em relação ao serviço de saúde associa-se à garantia do cuidado através dos dispositivos existentes na APS: consultas, medicações, grupos educativos. Dessa forma, a qualificação e humanização do cuidado deveriam ser praticadas por todas equipes da APS.
Pathology of Rural Production Cooperatives – Evidence from Iran
Authors: Akbari Dolatabad Mohammad , Ebrahimi Mohammad Sadegh , Mozafar Amini Amir
Published: December 2022

Cooperative rural production companies are one of the most important types of cooperative system in Iran. Its activities have been started since 1963. It seems that this farming system hasn’t been able to become a source of positive developments to date. The present study seeks to assess the pathology of rural production cooperatives. The statistical population of this research is 55 rural cooperatives of Isfahan province with 21213 members that 41 cooperatives are active, with 16,870 members. The data collection method was documentary and survey. The required information for this research was collected by using a library method as well as interviewing method and completing the questionnaire. The sampling method was randomly classified according to the number of members of each cooperative based on sample size. According to the Cochran formula, 217 samples were determined and questionnaires were completed by the members. Also, 98 questionnaires were completed by the managers and board of cooperative production companies. The results showed that at least seven categories of damaged can be listed for these cooperatives, which are: adverse characteristics in cooperative members, adverse characteristics in cooperatives management, lack of communication, trust and participation of members with the management of cooperatives, low social activity of members in cooperatives, lack of effectiveness training for cooperative members, dissatisfaction with cooperative performance and lack of social capital.

Received: 22 December 2021Accepted: 28 October 2022
Evidências jurídicas e empíricas da função social das cooperativas. As cooperativas de distribuição de água como estudo de caso
Authors: Aparício Meira Deolinda Maria , Bernardino Susana , Henriques José
Published: December 2022

Este estudo versa sobre a função social das cooperativas, função esta refletida no seu regime jurídico, mais especificamente no seu objeto social, a qual não se circunscreve à satisfação das necessidades dos seus membros, devendo atender, igualmente, aos interesses da comunidade onde a cooperativa desenvolve a sua atividade, na sua organização e funcionamento democrático e participado, no seu regime económico assente no valor da equidade, quer quanto aos requisitos de admissão dos membros, quer quanto à distribuição de resultados. O estudo utiliza uma metodologia de investigação eminentemente qualitativa, através de análise documental e realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas aos responsáveis pela gestão de cinco cooperativas de distribuição de água situadas nas localidades do sul do concelho de Paredes, em Portugal. A evidência empírica obtida confirma o importante papel social desempenhado pelas cooperativas, sendo evidente a sua função social intracooperativa e extracooperativa. Como evidência empírica desta função social, apresentam-se as cooperativas de distribuição de água que permitem aos seus membros e à comunidade o acesso à água, a preços médios socialmente aceitáveis e cumprindo todas as exigências legais de fiscalização, controlo e qualidade.

Recibido: 09 mayo 2022Aceptado: 28 octubre 2022
Acute mesenteric thrombosis in a pregnant woman with Factor V Leiden mutation with a history of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer: case report and literature review
Authors: Karahan Furkan , Atay Arif , Dilek Fatma Hüsniye , Tavusbay Cengiz , Atahan Murat Kemal
Published: December 2022

Objectives: To report the case of a patient diagnosed with acute mesenteric vein thrombosis (AMVT) associated with Factor V Leiden mutation and a history of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer and review the literature on risk factors and treatments performed for AMVT.
Materials and methods: We reported the case of a 37-year-old pregnant woman. A bibliographic search was carried out in Medline/PubMed and LILACS, filtering by type of language (English and Spanish). Primary cohort studies, cases and controls, case reports and case series were included, which addressed the risk factors associated with the development of acute mesenteric thrombosis during pregnancy and treatments performed.
Results: The search identified cases and control studies, case reports and case series related to mesenteric ischemia, pregnancy and in vitro fertilization. The literature reported that the main factors associated with mesenteric ischemia are pregnancy itself, genetic factors, drugs, protein C and protein S deficiency and idiopathic causes.
Conclusions: SMV thrombosis is a life-threatening and very rarely seen condition that emerges in pregnancies. The literature suggests that, during gestation, the factors associated with the development of acute mesenteric thrombosis are hypercoagulability induced by pregnancy, the administration of oral estrogen during IVF-ET, and other precipitating factors. More studies are required to better understand the possible additional factors and build better optimal treatment algorithms.
Exploring Digitalization of Malaysian Banking and Fintech Companies’ Services from the Customer’s Perspective
Authors: Mohsin Magda Ismail Adel , Ahmad Rubi , Chan Wai Meng
Published: December 2022

This paper aims to explore the process of digitalization of the financial services provided by Malaysian banks and FinTech companies and to address the issues and challenges they face. Both secondary and primary sources are used in this study, where the latter represented by questionnaires and in-depth interviews with the banking and FinTech practitioners. The qualitative aspects of the Analytical Network Process method are used to identify and analyze economic, regulatory, and operational issues faced by banks and FinTech institutions in the process of digitalizing financial services. The findings provide useful insights on whether the policies set by Bank Negara of Malaysia either accelerate or hinder the growth of Malaysia’s digital finance sector. The challenges faced by banks and FinTech companies, while digitalizing their financial services, are quite similar. They include the concerns of cyber security, lack of customer readiness in utilizing the financial services, particularly in rural areas, and the need for financial authorities to maintain stronger consumer and investor protection due to high pace of evolution of financial technology. It was also noted that customers have evolving expectations towards digital financial services, because they want seamless digital banking solutions to meet their daily needs. Previous studies had their focus on the benefits and impact of digital finance on financial inclusion as well as financial innovation. This research takes a different approach as it reflects on the impact of digitalization of financial services provided by banks and FinTechs through the prism of customer perspective.
Detekcja stref o lepszych parametrach zbiornikowych na podstawie atrybutów obliczanych z inwersji sejsmicznej
Authors:   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Bartoń Robert , Urbaniec Andrzej ,   Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Filipowska-Jeziorek Kinga ,   Instytut Nafty i Gazu - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Published: December 2022

Celem artykułu było wyodrębnienie stref o korzystniejszych parametrach zbiornikowych na podstawie analizy atrybutów sejsmicznych obliczanych z inwersji sejsmicznej w połączeniu z danymi otworowymi. Obliczenia przeprowadzono na wolumenie sejsmicznym ze zdjęcia 3D usytuowanego w środkowej części przedgórza Karpat. Przedmiotem badań była stropowa część kompleksu węglanowego górnej jury. Do identyfikacji stref o preferowanych parametrach wykorzystane zostały wykresy krzyżowe atrybutów impedancji fali podłużnej względem Lambda-Rho (Zp – λρ) oraz Lambda-Rho względem Mu-Rho (λρ – μρ). W obliczeniach wykorzystano opcję horizon probe dostępną w module Geobody Interpretation oprogramowania Petrel. Na podstawie otrzymanych wyników można stwierdzić, że najlepsze dopasowanie obrazu na przekrojach sejsmicznych z profilowaniem porowatości (PHI) w otworze G-4 uzyskano dla wariantu obliczeń Lambda-Rho vs. Mu-Rho, w którym w obrębie wyodrębnionych stref o lepszych parametrach zbiornikowych wydzielono trzy klasy zakresów wartości. Pozwoliło to również w lepszym stopniu zwizualizować zmienność analizowanych parametrów. Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań wskazują, że utwory węglanowe górnej jury w obszarze badań mają zróżnicowane parametry zbiornikowe, przy czym strefy o lepszych własnościach zlokalizowane są głównie w stropowej części tego kompleksu. Generalnie rejon o lepszym rozwoju własności zbiornikowych znajduje się na północny zachód od analizowanego otworu G-4. Można przypuszczać, że jest to związane z obecnością w tym rejonie regionalnych dyslokacji, wokół których doszło do rozwoju szczelinowatości. Najprawdopodobniej dodatkowym czynnikiem odpowiedzialnym za wzrost porowatości w tej strefie jest powierzchnia krasowa, rozwinięta bezpośrednio w stropie utworów jury. Prezentowana metodyka może znaleźć zastosowanie nie tylko do bezpośredniej identyfikacji poziomów skał zbiornikowych o preferowanych parametrach, ale może być też szeroko wykorzystywana w różnego typu analizach i modelowaniach przestrzennych.
Kierunki rozwoju światowego gazownictwa w świetle obrad 28. Światowej Konferencji Gazowniczej w Daegu
Authors:   Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie, Stopa Jerzy
Published: December 2022

Światowe Konferencje Gazownicze, organizowane przez Międzynarodową Unię Gazowniczą (IGU) od 1931 roku, są największymi i najważniejszymi spotkaniami branży gazowniczej na świecie. Ostatnia, 28. Światowa Konferencja Gazownicza odbyła się w Daegu w Korei Południowej w dniach 23–27 maja 2022 r. Motto konferencji brzmiało: Zrównoważona przyszłość napędzana gazem. Konferencji towarzyszyła wystawa prezentująca najnowsze technologie i trendy w globalnym przemyśle gazowniczym. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono krótkie podsumowanie tej konferencji i wystawy. Pomimo epidemii COVID-19 i skomplikowanej sytuacji politycznej na świecie w konferencji wzięło udział 293 prelegentów, 141 wystawców oraz 9500 gości z 72 krajów, w tym z Polski. Na 28. Światowej Wystawie Gazowniczej Polska była reprezentowana przez PGNiG, a na konferencji zaprezentowano trzy polskie referaty. Dominującym tematem konferencji były: zrównoważona transformacja energetyczna w kierunku neutralności węglowej, redukcja emisji zanieczyszczeń, a także oczekiwana rosnąca rola wodoru w przyszłych systemach energetycznych. Gaz ziemny uznano za część niskoemisyjnej przyszłości w sektorze energetycznym. Jednak realna transformacja energetyczna na świecie wymaga nowych technologii, które są obecnie rozwijane. Można przewidywać, że paliwa kopalne, zwłaszcza gaz, pozostaną ważnym elementem globalnego systemu energetycznego co najmniej do 2050 roku. Na konferencji osiągnięto konsensus, że zrównoważony rozwój gazownictwa ziemnego i technologii wodorowych przyspieszy nadejście ery niskoemisyjnej, a gaz jest nie tylko paliwem przejściowym, ale także podstawowym paliwem dla przyszłego rozwoju.
Methods for calculating the fatigue strength of machine parts
Authors:   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University, Rahimova Mahluqa S. , Mansurova Samira I. ,   Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University
Published: December 2022

Regardless of the operating conditions, a load acts on the parts of a machine in different directions. These loads in particular determine the required strength and resistance of parts and determine the study and selection of appropriate strength, resistance parameters for the parts. This can be determined by their impact on oilfield equipment and machine parts. Testing is done to determine the static flexibility, flow limit, tensile strength relative to flexibility, strength period limit, and plastic deformation coefficient. In some cases, when the limits of wear of machine parts are equal, elements with a larger coefficient of deformation are more convenient. These regularities should be used in those cases when it is possible to apply the methods of fracture mechanics or when there are direct experimental data on the development of fatigue cracks, which make it possible to carry out a probabilistic assessment of the durability of structural elements at the stage of crack growth and to substantiate the corresponding limitations on the service life of products. For the safety margins of machine parts, the starting points are as follows: longitudinal bending stress in the sleeve of a solid machine part made of a plastic material cannot damage the part. The length of the first crack can be taken to be equal to several millimetres, which is determined by the capabilities of the simplest means of observation, and by the fact that in some cases even a crack of such length can be critical from the point of view of a potential brittle fracture. In this regard, the fatigue resistance characteristics used in such a calculation should correspond to the point at which the first macroscopic crack appears.
Study of the aircraft aerodynamic characteristics at entering the clear-air turbulence zone and the flight safety issues
Authors: Vyshinsky V.V. , Zoan K.T.
Published: December 2022

Shear flows in the atmosphere lead to formation of the clear-air turbulence (CAT) zones. These zones are having the characteristic horizontal size of 20 km to 2000 km and may be less than 1000 m thick making it difficult to detect them and create effective systems to find the bypass routes. Intense CAT zones could appear at the altitudes of up to 30 km and higher. The main CAT feature lies in the fact that it occurs not in the clouds, but in the clear sky with good visibility, where meteorological radar is unable to detect it, and the flight crew is unable to get prepared. Every year, about 750 cases of the aircraft entering the CAT zones are registered in the global civil aviation. This work constructs a grid solution that simulates the large-scale atmospheric turbulence based on the atmospheric profiles taken from the experiment within the framework of the boundary value problem for the Reynolds-averaged Navier – Stokes equations. On the basis of the obtained solution and within the frames of the engineering method, coherent vortex structures (CVS) are formed, interaction with which, assuming the hypothesis of the perturbed speed frozen field, makes it possible to evaluate possible increments in the aerodynamic forces and moments and to simulate a situation of the aircraft entering the CAT zones.
Ballistic evaluation of the Apollo missions to the Moon
Authors: Kazakov G.V. , Ponomarev S.A. , Seleznev K.V.
Published: December 2022

Materials from the US sources on the Apollo program were considered, and the presented data were evaluated from the point of view of external ballistics equations, flights of spacecraft to the Moon and their return to the Earth. The evaluation made it possible to determine inconsistency of the data (mass characteristics) in different documents relating to one object in the Apollo 11 mission. Inconsistencies were also found in the ballistic schemes for launching into the departure trajectory to the Moon, mooning, undocking and docking in the lunar orbit, braking maneuver to enter the lunar orbit, acceleration maneuver for returning to the Earth and braking maneuver for landing on the Earth’s surface. Analysis of the lunar missions’ documents formed the basis to ask questions that were not previously raised in such a formulation, and no answers were given to them. In particular, significant discrepancies in the initial data were found in the official documents on the US lunar missions. Reference orbit altitude before the second activation of the Saturn-5 3rd stage, the first space velocity at the Florida peninsula inclination and the second space velocity seem to be strange. Significant doubts are caused by acceleration schedule, projection of the flight path to the Earth and remoteness of the first stage impact area from the launch pad. In terms of the F-1 engines of the Saturn-5 launch vehicle first stage, thrust indicators of one engine and the total thrust of the first stage are not consistent. A conclusion is made that at present it is almost impossible to put into practice some of the maneuvers demonstrated in the US documents.