bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Randomized Trial Evaluating Patient Experience and Preference Between Octreotide Long-Acting Release and Lanreotide for Treatment of Well-Differentiated Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: Raj Nitya , Cruz Elizabeth , O'Shaughnessy Sarah , Calderon Claudia , Chou Joanne F. , Capanu Marinela , Heffernan Olivia , DeMore April , Punn Sippy , Le Tiffany , Hauser Haley , Saltz Leonard , Reidy-Lagunes Diane
Published: June 2022

PURPOSE:

Somatostatin analogs octreotide long-acting release (octLAR) and lanreotide are equally acceptable in National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines for neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Lanreotide is more expensive and given by deep subcutaneous injection, whereas octLAR is given intramuscularly. We evaluated patient preference between these agents in terms of injection site pain.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Randomized, single-blinded study. Patients with NETs received injections every 4 weeks. Arm 1: octLAR × 3, then lanreotide × 3; arm 2: reverse order. Self-reported injection site pain scores (range, 0-10) were obtained after each of the first three injections. Primary end point was comparison of mean pain scores over the first three injections. Secondary end points included patient-reported preference.

RESULTS:

Fifty-one patients enrolled (26 in arm 1 and 25 arm 2), all evaluable for primary end point. No significant difference was identified in the mean pain score over the first three injections (2.4 ± 1.9 v 1.9 ± 1.5, P = .5). Thirty-four of 51 (67%) patients (15 in arm 1 and 19 in arm 2) completed post-therapy questionnaires and were evaluable for secondary end points. Seven patients (47%) in arm 1 and eight patients (42%) in arm 2 indicated no drug preference at the end of treatment. In the other 19 patients, more patients indicated mild or strong preference for octLAR over lanreotide.

CONCLUSION:

We found minimal pain with octLAR and lanreotide and no significant pain score differences between the two. Patients indicating a drug preference trended toward favoring octLAR.
A lattice hydrodynamic model integrating the velocity limit effect under V2X environment
Authors: Jin Can , Li Xiaoqin , Peng Guanghan
Published: June 2022

The velocity limit signal often occurs because of bad traffic road infrastructure. Therefore, a novel lattice hydrodynamics model is provided by combining the velocity limit effect under V2X environment. The linear stability analysis reveals that the stability conditions are closely related to the velocity limit effect. Moreover, the evolution of density and hysteresis loop have been deeply explored in this paper via simulation. Interestingly, it is valuable to correctly consider the impact of velocity limit on traffic flow, which can play a positive role on traffic stability.
Female meiosis II and pronuclear fusion require the microtubule transport factor Bicaudal D
Authors: Vazquez-Pianzola Paula , Beuchle Dirk , Saro Gabriella , Hernández Greco , Maldonado Giovanna , Brunßen Dominique , Meister Peter , Suter Beat
Published: June 2022

Bicaudal D (BicD) is a dynein adaptor that transports different cargoes along microtubules. Reducing the activity of BicD specifically in freshly laid Drosophila eggs by acute protein degradation revealed that BicD is needed to produce normal female meiosis II products, to prevent female meiotic products from re-entering the cell cycle, and for pronuclear fusion. Given that BicD is required to localize the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) components Mad2 and BubR1 to the female meiotic products, it appears that BicD functions to localize these components to control metaphase arrest of polar bodies. BicD interacts with Clathrin heavy chain (Chc), and both proteins localize to centrosomes, mitotic spindles and the tandem spindles during female meiosis II. Furthermore, BicD is required to localize clathrin and the microtubule-stabilizing factors transforming acidic coiled-coil protein (D-TACC/Tacc) and Mini spindles (Msps) correctly to the meiosis II spindles, suggesting that failure to localize these proteins may perturb SAC function. Furthermore, immediately after the establishment of the female pronucleus, D-TACC and Caenorhabditis elegans BicD, tacc and Chc are also needed for pronuclear fusion, suggesting that the underlying mechanism might be more widely used across species.
A terrain treadmill to study animal locomotion through large obstacles
Authors: Othayoth Ratan , Strebel Blake , Han Yuanfeng , Francois Evains , Li Chen
Published: June 2022

A challenge to understanding locomotion in complex three-dimensional terrain with large obstacles is to create tools for controlled, systematic experiments. Recent terrain arenas allow observations at small spatiotemporal scales (∼10 body lengths or cycles). Here, we created a terrain treadmill to enable high-resolution observation of animal locomotion through large obstacles over large spatiotemporal scales. An animal moves through modular obstacles on an inner sphere, while a rigidly attached, concentric, transparent outer sphere rotates with the opposite velocity via closed-loop feedback to keep the animal on top. During sustained locomotion, a discoid cockroach moved through pillar obstacles for up to 25 min (2500 cycles) over 67 m (1500 body lengths). Over 12 trials totaling ∼1 h, the animal was maintained within a radius of 1 body length (4.5 cm) on top of the sphere 90% of the time. The high-resolution observation enables the study of diverse locomotor behaviors and quantification of animal–obstacle interaction.
Effect of Syrian Refugees on Native Family Formation: Marriage and Divorce Trends in Turkey
Authors: Öztek Abdullah Selim
Published: June 2022

After the civil war in Syria, Turkey faced a massive refugee wave, making Turkey the top refugee-hosting country in the world. Besides the economic burden of this refugee population, various field surveys reveal that Turkish citizens have some negative perceptions about the refugees. One of the leading concerns on refugees is their possible effects on native family formation by affecting marriage and divorce rates. This study examines the effect of the Syrian refugees on family formation by comparing the trends in different geographical areas of Turkey. While border cities and relatively developed cities host a significant number of Syrians, there are few Syrians living in cities away from the border. By conducting spatial analysis, the study checks whether there is a change in divorce/marriage rates in cities with a high concentration of refugees compared to cities with fewer refugees. By considering the endogenous location choice of the refugees, the study proposes a distance-based instrument to overcome the endogeneity problem in a Difference-in-Differences setting. Results indicate that the refugees do not affect the existing trends in divorce rates and divorce cases. However, there is a limited adverse impact on official marriages. A 1% increase in the refugee ratio corresponds to a 0.03% reduction in official marriages.
II. Meşrutiyet Dönemi Eğitim Dergilerinde Öğretmen Yeterlilikleri
Authors: Öztürk Kurtuluş , Kenan Seyfi
Published: June 2022

19.yüzyılın başından itibaren açılmaya başlanan yeni mekteplerin ihtiyacı olan öğretmeni yetiştirmek amacıyla 1848’de Dârülmuallimîn kurulmuştur. II. Meşrutiyet dönemine gelindiğinde öğretmen yetiştirme anlayışında önemli değişimler yaşanmıştır. Öğretmenliğin profesyonel bir meslek olarak gelişmesi ve öğretmenlik meslek standartlarının oluşumuyla köklü düzenlemeler yapılmıştır. Dağılma sürecine giren imparatorluğun toparlanmasının eğitimle gerçekleşeceğine inanan aydınlar ve eğitimciler, eğitimde en kritik role sahip olduğunu düşündükleri öğretmenin yeterliliklerini belirlemeye yönelik canlı bir tartışma yürütmüşlerdir. Bu çalışmada, II. Meşrutiyet döneminde öğretmenlik mesleğinin gelişimi ve mesleki yeterliliklerin belirlenmesiyle ilgili İstanbul’da yayımlanan eğitim dergilerindeki tartışmalara yer verilmiştir. Tartışmalarda, öğretmenlerin farklı disiplin alanlarında birikim sahibi olmaları, tedrici yaklaşım, buluş yöntemi, derslerin hayatla irtibatı ve mesleki deneyim gibi vurgular öne çıkmaktadır. II. Meşrutiyet dönemi eğitimcilerinin öğretmenin misyonuna ve yeterliliklerine ilişkin görüşleri genel olarak değerlendirildiğinde günümüz öğretmen yeterlilikleri literatürü ile bazı açılardan dikkat çekici benzerlikler gösterdiği görülmektedir. Bu yönüyle II. Meşrutiyet eğitim düşüncesinin Cumhuriyet dönemi öğretmen tasavvuruna önemli ölçüde kaynaklık ettiği söylenebilir.
Momento de reconstruir capacidades
Authors: Cavalcante Pedro
Published: June 2022

É hora de valorizar a gestão qualificada, inovadora e que enfrente as complexas condições em que o país se encontra, as quais obstaculizam o tão sonhado processo de desenvolvimento social e econômico – inclusivo, sustentável e de longo prazo.
Como afinar a orquestra empreendedora
Authors: Bonomi Santos Juliana , Harumi Hashiba Maestrelli Horta Luciana , Franco Goulart Daniel
Published: June 2022

Ecossistemas de empreendedorismo só fazem sentido se todos os envolvidos colaborarem para ter ganhos além dos interesses individuais, mas quais são os caminhos para impulsionar essa mobilização?
Μελέτη του μυομητρίου και του ενδομητρίου σε φυσιολογικές και παθολογικές καταστάσεις
Authors: Ζηκόπουλος Αθανάσιος
Published: June 2022

Η μελέτη προσπαθεί να απαντήσει σε δύο ερευνητικά ερωτήματα με τελικό σκοπό τη βελτίωση της αναπαραγωγικής ικανότητας και την γέννηση ενός ζώντος νεογνού. Χωρίζεται σε δύο σκέλη που εστάζουν στην μελέτη του μυομητρίου και του ενδομητρίου σε θέματα υπογονιμότητας.1ο. Διαφέρουν οι τεχνικές εκπυρήνισης ινομυωμάτων. Τα ινομυώματα είναι οι πιο συχνοί καλοήθεις όγκοι της αναπαραγωγικής ηλικίας. Το μέγεθός τους ποικίλλει και είναι συνήθως πολλαπλά, ευκρινή , σφαιρικά ή ανώμαλα λοβιώδη. Εμφανίζονται σε ποσοστό 30-35% περίπου των γυναικών της αναπαραγωγικής ηλικίας. Η πλειοψηφία των ινομυωμάτων δεν προκαλεί συμπτώματα στις γυναίκες. Τα προβλήματα εμφανίζονται όταν το ινομύωμα υπερβεί κάποιο μέγεθος ή η θέση του διαταράσσει τη λειτουργικότητα της μήτρας. Το γεγονός ότι η πιθανότητα εμφάνισης των ινομυωμάτων είναι μεγαλύτερη κατά την αναπαραγωγική ηλικία , προκαλεί ορισμένες φορές προβλήματα στον οικογενειακό προγραμματισμό. Η ινομυωματεκτομή είναι ο χρυσός κανόνας όταν χρειάζεται η αφαίρεση των ινομυωμάτων με ταυτόχρονη διατήρηση της αναπαραγωγικής ικανότητας. Στο παρελθόν, η ινομυωματεκτομή γινόταν με σχετικά ατραυματικές τεχνικές, οι οποίες περιλάμβαναν μετά την πλήρη αποκόλληση του ινομυώματος από την ψευδοκάψα του και την απολίνωση του μίσχου του. Η σύγχρονη λαπαροσκοπική ινομυωματεκτομή (LIM), ωστόσο, αφήνει άθικτο το ινοαγγειακό δίκτυο που περιβάλλει το ινομύωμα , γεγονός που μειώνει την αιμορραγία ή/και το μυϊκό τραύμα της μήτρας και διατηρεί τις νευροπεπτιδιακές ίνες της ψευδοκάψας. Οι δύο αυτοί διαφορετικοί τρόποι αντιμετώπισης των ινομυωμάτων αποδειχθήκαν εξίσου ασφαλείς και αποτελεσματικοί.2ο: Θα πρέπει να γίνεται Υστεροσκόπηση μετά από μία αποτυχημένη προσπάθεια εξωσωματικής γονιμοποίησης ακόμη και στις περιπτώσεις που η κολπική υπερηχογραφία είναι φυσιολογική. Η θεραπεία εξωσωματικής γονιμοποίησης (IVF) χρησιμοποιείται ευρέως για γυναίκες που έχουν πρόβλημα υπογονιμότητας . Σήμερα γίνονται περισσότεροι από 700000 κύκλοι θεραπείας μόνο στις ΗΠΑ και την Ευρώπη και ο αριθμός αυξάνεται σταθερά παγκοσμίως Παρά τις πολυάριθμες βελτιώσεις στις τεχνικές υποβοηθούμενης αναπαραγωγής, μόνο το 30% των κύκλων εξωσωματικής γονιμοποίησης οδηγούν στη γέννηση ενός παιδιού. Σύμφωνα με αρκετές μελέτες, η συχνότερη αιτία αποτυχίας εμφύτευσης (IF) είναι η παρουσία χρωμοσωμικών ανωμαλιών στο έμβρυο. Ωστόσο, ανωμαλίες της κοιλότητας της μήτρας όπως ινομυώματα, πολύποδες και συμφύσεις σχετίζονται επίσης με μειωμένη πιθανότητα εμφύτευσης. Περίπου το 25% των υπογόνιμων γυναικών παρουσιάζουν ανώμαλίες στην κοιλότητα της μήτρας ποσοστό που ανεβαίνει στο 50% σε γυναίκες με επαναλαμβανόμενες αποτυχίες εμφύτευσης. Η υστεροσκόπηση είναι η τυπική εξέταση για την ανίχνευση αυτών των ανωμαλιών της μήτρας και της αντιμετώπισης τους με σκοπό την αύξηση της πιθανότητας επίτευξης εγκυμοσύνης μετά από εξωσωματική γονιμοποίηση. Επιπλέον, η υστεροσκόπηση διευκολύνει την μεταφορά των εμβρύων ενώ είναι πιθανόν ότι επάγει φλεγμονώδη αντίδραση του ενδομητρίου που σχετίζεται με αυξημένη πιθανότητα εμφύτευσης.
Research on audible noise of ultra-high voltage direct current (UHV DC) transmission lines with a digital twin
Authors: Zhao Penghui , Fu Linjun , Yuan Haiwen , Liu Yingyi , Zhao Luxing
Published: June 2022

Much attention has been paid to audible noise in the design of ultra-high voltage (UHV) direct current (DC) transmission lines because of its negative impact on residents' lives. In order to analyze audible noise, shorten the research period, and reduce experimental costs, firstly, a digital twin model for audible noise of UHV DC transmission lines is proposed. Then, the model’s structure and related principles are explained in detail. Finally, an application, as a research paradigm, uses digital twin to study the source distribution on transmission lines and influencing factors of audible noise. The A-weighted sound level of audible noise on the ground is calculated and compared with the data obtained by the BPA empirical formula. The results show that the position of the sound source tends to have uniform distribution and the intensity tends to have Gaussian distribution, while temperature and relative humidity exert obvious effects on audible noise, illustrating the great value of digital twin technology in the study of audible noise. This paper not only provides a new method for audible noise research, but also provides a reference for the design of UHV DC transmission lines.
The COVID-19 pandemic and mental health outcomes – A cross-sectional study among health care workers in Coastal South India
Authors: T Rekha , Kumar Nithin , Hegde Kausthubh , Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran , Mithra Prasanna , Holla Ramesh , Bhagawan Darshan
Published: June 2022

Background: Frontline health care workers (HCWs) are at increased risk of developing unfavourable mental health outcomes and burnout, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Recognizing the early warning signs of mental distress is very important to ensure the provision of quality patient care.

Methods: In this facility-based cross-sectional study, HCWs of the teaching hospitals affiliated to Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore were assessed regarding their mental health status using a semi-structured questionnaire. All doctors and nurses who were willing to participate from these teaching hospitals were included in the study. Data was collected over a period of four months (1st March -30th June 2021) till the required sample size was reached and analysed using IBM SPSS and expressed using mean (standard deviation), median (interquartile range), and proportions. Univariate analysis was done to identify the factors associated with mental health outcomes among the HCWs and the corresponding unadjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were reported.

Results: A total of 245 HCWs [52.2% (n=128) doctors and 47.8% (n=117) nurses] were included in our study. The proportion of participants with depressive symptoms, anxiety, and insomnia assessed using PHQ-9, GAD-7, and ISI-7 scales were 49% (n=119), 38% (n=93), and 42% (n=102) respectively. Depression, anxiety, and insomnia were more likely to be experienced by HCWs aged > 27 years, females, and involved in COVID-19 patient care. (p>0.05)

Conclusions:  Our findings that 38% of the examined HCWs had clinically relevant anxiety symptoms and 49% had clinically relevant depression symptoms draws attention to the importance of systematically tracking the mental health of HCWs during this ongoing pandemic. HCWs should monitor their stress reactions and seek appropriate help both on a personal and professional level. Appropriate workplace interventions including psychological support should be provided to HCWs, to ensure provision of uncompromised quality patient care.
Maize seeds storage systems and post-harvest losses in Benin: diversity, efficiency, storage insects, and implications for better products conservation
Authors: Samba Gabin , Dassou Anicet G. , Idohou Rodrigue , Anagonou Corinne M. , Dansi Alexandre
Published: June 2022

Background: Storage pests cause extensive damages to stored products and are responsible for huge post-harvest losses affecting the quality, quantity, and germination potential of stored grains and seeds. This study aimed to investigate the variability of traditional methods of storage and conservation of maize seeds practiced by farmers to propose alternative measures for a significant reduction of post-harvest losses of seeds.

Methods : Using participatory research approaches, we surveyed farmers from 21 randomly selected villages in 5 districts in southern Benin. Data were collected on the storage structures of the 3 certified and most produced maize seeds varieties. The forms under which maize seeds are stored, as well as the damage caused by the major storage insects, were determined.

Results: Results showed that most farmers store maize seeds in the form of grains and spathe. Following the laboratory observation of the three maize varieties studied, the DMR / QPM variety produced only in the district of Zagnanado has a low abundance of storage insects and a low rate of post-harvest losses. Sitophilus zeamais is the most abundant pest of the three maize seed varieties followed by Prostephanus truncatus. The variety 2000 SYN EE was the most attacked by storage insects. The most promising post-harvest agricultural practice is the storage of maize with spathe saved in jute bags, in granaries or cribs.

Conclusions: Storage insects contribute to the depreciation of the quality of grains, loss of grain and reduction of their germinability in stock. Improving farmers' awareness of these post-harvest practices could help to reduce the damage of storage insects.
Numerical study of two heat exchangers for the cooling of a battery pack for an electric vehicle
Authors: Morel Christophe , Pra Franck , Pham Qyunh Trang , Fiette Sébastien , Larranaga Manex , Vertiz Gorka , Arrinda Mikel
Published: June 2022

Background: The thermal management of a battery pack designed for an electric vehicle is a key to prevent accidental events and ensure a long lifespan of the batteries. A typical accident is a thermal runaway of one or more cells in the battery which can cause fire or explosion of the battery pack. This paper presents a numerical modelling of a battery pack (BP) and its heat exchanger (HE) for an electric vehicle. The heat produced in the battery is evacuated by the HE.

Methods: Two different kinds of modelling have been realized: a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) modelling and a coarse (called MOD3 for 3D Model) modelling. The CFD modelling allows the creation of fine numerical simulations of a BP, but uses large meshes, therefore the cost of each calculation is important. In order to make a large number of quite long transient simulations, a second tool called MOD3, employing only a coarse mesh, was developed in this study at the Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA).

Results: Two measurement campaigns corresponding to two different versions of the HE have been conducted at CEA. The temperature measurements allow comparisons of MOD3 to a real battery pack and to fit some heat exchange coefficients. The cells temperatures as well as the cooling liquid temperature are compared.

Conclusions: The MOD3 tool has been fitted partly on CFD calculations, and partly on experimental measurements. It will be integrated in a machine learning environment by CIDETEC to take into account the thermal management of the BP in real car simulations.
Społeczeństwo posttotalitarne wobec zasad i wartości demokratycznych. Perspektywa filozoficzna
Authors: Rebes Marcin
Published: June 2022

POST-TOTALITARIAN SOCIETY TOWARDS DEMOCRATIC PRINCIPLES AND VALUES: A PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE
More years have passed since the last totalitarian bastion in Europe, the Communist system, collapsed. Apart from the fact that in the last phase of its existence, it was no longer as strong and did not exert as much influence on social life as before, citizens still expect there to be a strong state which is responsible for all aspects of life. In contrast to totalitarianisms, the democratic system is based on individual freedom and responsibility for oneself and others. This article addresses the issue of the existence of principles and values in societies that have experienced totalitarian rule and that currently have serious problems with building social relations on the basis of democratic principles. The systemic transformation from totalitarianism to democracy appears much faster in the political or even economic dimension than in the ethical and axiological one. Therefore, the author initially presents the mechanism of totalitarianism, referring to Hannah Arendt, Zbigniew Brzeziński, Antoni Kępiński or Józef Tischner, in order to later present the causes of disturbances in the formation of positive values in the post-totalitarian society. The anthropological and ethical conception adopted plays a crucial role here.
The Use of the k-ω SST Turbulence Model for Mathematical Modeling of Jet Fire
Authors: Lewak Michał , Tępiński Jarosław , Klapsa Wojciech
Published: June 2022

Aim: The purpose of this study is to verify the usability of the k-ω SST turbulence model for the description of the combustion process during a vertical propane jet fire. Simulating a jet fire using computational fluid mechanics involves an appropriate selection of a mathematical model to describe the turbulent flow. It is important as the variables from this model also describe the rate of the combustion reaction. As a result, they have an impact on the size and shape of the flame. The selection of an appropriate model should be preceded by preliminary simulations. Project and methods: For this purpose, a vertical jet fire in no wind conditions was selected for simulation. Consequently, it was possible to develop a two-dimensional axisymmetric geometry. A good numerical mesh can be applied to such axisymmetric geometry. Selected process conditions allowed to create an axisymmetric numerical grid. Its values, proving the quality, are shown in a chart demonstrating the distribution of the parameter quality depending on the number of elements from which the numerical grid was built. In the work, a two-stage model of the combustion reaction was selected in order to verify whether the area in which the mole fraction of carbon monoxide will have significant values is so large that the selected kinetic reaction model will have an impact on the flame length. Results: Three simulations of jet fire taking place in the direction opposite to the force of gravity were performed. The simulations performed allowed for setting the basic L f parameter, which determines the flame length. Additionally, the length of the mixing path slift-off, needed to initiate the combustion reaction, was determined. The simulations performed allowed for comparing significant parameters characterizing the flame with the parameters calcu- lated using correlations included in the literature on the subject. Due to this comparison, it was possible to define an interesting scope of research work, because the length of the gas mixing path determined from the CFD simulation differed significantly from the values calculated from the correlation. Conclusions: Interestingly, such large differences between CFD results and correlations were not observed for the L f parameter. The correlations based on the Froude number give slightly higher values of the flame length than the results of the CFD simulation. On the other hand, the correlation based on the Reynolds number gives slightly lower values of the L f parameter than the values obtained from the CFD calculations. This may indicate that the effects related to the inertia forces (Re number) better describe the simulation process conditions than the correlations based on the influence of inertia forces and gravity forces (Fr number). Keywords: jet fire, mathematical modelling, computational fluid dynamics Type of article: short scientific report
Legal Dimension of the Protection of Critical Infrastructure – Selected Aspects
Authors: Roman Łukasz , Cygańczuk Krzysztof
Published: June 2022

Aim: As part of this article, an attempt was made to present the legislative process in Poland regarding critical infrastructure, for which valid is the Act of 26 April 2007 on crisis management, specifying, inter alia, authorities competent in crisis management and their tasks and principles of operation in this area as well as implementing acts issued on its basis. The introduced legal regulations define both the concept of critical infrastructure, its protection and activities related to the prevention of crisis situations, reacting in the event of their occurrence and preparation to take control over them, as well as removing their effects and recreating key resources. Introduction: Regulations concerning the protection of critical infrastructure are included in legal acts covering various areas of the country’s functioning, including telecommunications activities, production and trade in fuels and electricity, performance of defence tasks by entrepreneurs, creation of strategic reserves, powers of the minister competent for the State Treasury in some companies, protection of persons and the property. The protection of critical infrastructure is related to the raison d’état, which indicates the need to make special efforts to protect the country’s key infrastructure. Therefore, it is reasonable to present selected legal elements needed to protect critical infrastructure, especially those issues that ensure the continuity of the operation of public administration bodies, which are to ensure the safety of the citizens. Methodology: The article was prepared based on the analysis of the literature on the subject and the analysis of legal acts in the area of strengthening the concept of critical infrastructure, taking into account the current situation related to the pandemic and, consequently, the loss of some officers and employees. During the analysis of the conducted research, compact publications, acts of Polish law as well as guidelines and recommendations published on the websites of governmental institutions were used. Conclusions: In the protection of critical infrastructure, there is a need to introduce legal regulations within the framework of cooperation between institutions. The preparation of effective activities in the area of critical infrastructure requires a comprehensive approach, including: physical, technical, personal, ICT, legal protection, as well as assistance from the government in the reconstruction of the damaged element. Each of the areas mentioned above is a complex set of activities requiring general and specialist knowledge, sometimes expert knowledge, extensive practical experience (using the so-called good practices), risk analysis skills, and risk prediction (profiling). Keywords: act on crisis management, legal acts, crisis management, protection of critical infrastructure, identification Type of article: review article
Editorial
Authors: Ruellas Eloísio Alexsandro Da Silva
Published: June 2022

The concept of death as an entity has existed in many societies since the beginning of our history. From the 15th century onwards, with the revival of Greco-Roman culture as a source of artistic inspiration, it came to be represented by a skeletal figure carrying a scythe and dressed in a hooded black robe. This was inspired by Hades, the Greek god of the underworld, and by Thanatos, the personification of death, and is an image with strong negative connotations. The theme of death can be approached from several perspectives, including positive ones. Regardless of the angle from which it is viewed, certainly in these times of pandemic, we all think or deepen our thinking about death. But what happens to humanity afterwards? Can we become better people? A socially better humankind? Can we produce really justifiable and sustainable health science? Transformations have taken place, but some were just repetitions of history disguised as contemporary innovation. As epidemiological data show the decline of the Covid-19 pandemic, life seems to be returning to “normality” in the concept of being as it was before. For those who think like this, we must not forget that what prevailed before is what brought us to where we are now and, therefore, a translational historical rescue becomes essential for survival with quality of life for both humans and humanity. Hope is still inside Pandora's box.  in memory of Professor Edna Ferreira da Cunha Eloísio Alexsandro da Silva RuellasEditor In-Chief
Covid-19 pandemic in the state of Piauí (Brazil): Reported cases, deaths and bed occupancy
Authors: Costa Filho Antonio A. I. , De Oliveira Naila A. , Próspero Deyna F. A. , Guimarães Mayla R. , Ibiapina Aline R. S. , Rabi José A.
Published: June 2022

Introduction: This work describes the evolution over time of the Covid-19 pandemic in terms of reported cases, deaths and bed occupancy in the state of Piauí (Brazil) from 6 April 2020 to 4 January 2021. Objectives: The aim is to provide quantitative information on decision-making related to preventive measures and their effectiveness. Methodology and resources: Data were surveyed from the “Covid-19 in Piauí – Panel” to support a cross-sectional study that includes gender, age group, reported deaths, and bed occupancy as variables for built-in descriptive statistics and mobile mean estimates. Results and discussion: The data pointed to a slightly higher incidence (54.63%) in women, the highest (22.64%) being among patients in the range from 30-39 years. Recovery comprised 140,420 patients (97.48%) while confirmed deaths included 2,862 patients (1.99%), along with 774 (0.53%) sub-notifications. With respect to the latter, lethality was higher (58.56%) in men, reaching 77.67% in the case of those older than 60 years. In 2020, demands for either clinical or intensive care unit beds increased quickly during the first months of the pandemic, whereas demand for stabilization beds fluctuated intensely. Conclusion: Since a high prevalence (71.55%) was observed in economically active age groups and the highest lethality occurred among the elderly, preventive measures are still required and should be continuously adopted to mitigate the spread of Covid-19 in the state of Piauí (Brazil). Keywords: Public health; Epidemiological monitoring; 2019-nCoV pandemic.
Geophysical approach for the ancient iron in Sungai Batu, Bujang Valley, Kedah, Malaysia
Authors: Mokhtar Naizatul Akma
Published: June 2022

Archaeological evidence has demonstrated that the Bujang Valley is Malaysia's richest archaeological site and served as the primary coastal centre. A study in the Bujang Valley found monuments related to trading activities and others that functioned as a temple related to the Hindu-Buddhist period. The main purpose of this study was to resolve issues and problems arising from previous studies related to the Bujang Valley civilisation, particularly in terms of iron studies. Geophysics plays a vital role in assisting archaeologists to obtain excellent preliminary results before they proceed with excavation and digging works. Therefore, the 2-D resistivity and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) methods were conducted to locate and map the potential iron smelting site at Site B2 (SB2). Three main characteristics that can be observed on the surface are a mound area, exposed clay bricks and surface finds. Two-D resistivity showed the resistivity values of a possible buried structure, with values > 800 Ωm. Radargram profiles showed the highest amplitude, indicating the reflections uncovered in the location in certain survey lines. This paper presents the first summary of research on the metallurgical sites in the Bujang Valley, the most important site in Malaysia. Geophysical methods, which rely on a physical contrast between buried archaeological features and the properties of the surrounding subsoil, can assist archaeological investigations.
Training generative adversarial networks for optical property mapping using synthetic image data
Authors: Osman A. , Crowley J. , Gordon G. S. D
Published: June 2022

We demonstrate the training of a generative adversarial network (GAN) for the prediction of optical property maps (scattering and absorption) using spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) image data sets that are generated synthetically with a free open-source 3D modelling and rendering software, Blender. The flexibility of Blender is exploited to simulate 5 models with real-life relevance to clinical SFDI of diseased tissue: flat samples containing a single material, flat samples containing 2 materials, flat samples containing 3 materials, flat samples with spheroidal tumours and cylindrical samples with spheroidal tumours. The last case is particularly relevant as it represents wide-field imaging inside a tubular organ e.g. the gastro-intestinal tract. In all 5 scenarios we show the GAN provides an accurate reconstruction of the optical properties from single SFDI images with a mean normalised error ranging from 1.0-1.2% for absorption and 1.1%-1.2% for scattering, resulting in visually improved contrast for tumour spheroid structures. This compares favourably with the ∼10% absorption error and ∼10% scattering error achieved using GANs on experimental SFDI data. Next, we perform a bi-directional cross-validation of our synthetically-trained GAN, retrained with 90% synthetic and 10% experimental data to encourage domain transfer, with a GAN trained fully on experimental data and observe visually accurate results with an error of 6.3%-10.3% for absorption and 6.6%-11.9% for scattering. Our synthetically trained GAN is therefore highly relevant to real experimental samples but provides the significant added benefits of large training datasets, perfect ground-truths and the ability to test realistic imaging geometries, e.g. inside cylinders, for which no conventional single-shot demodulation algorithms exist. In the future, we expect that the application of techniques such as domain adaptation or training on hybrid real-synthetic datasets will create a powerful tool for fast, accurate production of optical property maps for real clinical imaging systems.
Growth, spectroscopic properties, and energy levels of Cr3+ doped LuScO3 crystal
Authors: Li Jianda , Hou Wentao , Xu Xiaodong , Xue Yanyan , Song Qingsong , Liu Jian , Wu Feng , Luo Ping , Wang Fangyan , Yu Haohai , Wang Qingguo , Xu Jun
Published: June 2022

High-quality Cr:LuScO3 crystals were grown by the FZ (floating zone) method. The absorption spectra from 400 nm to 750 nm were tested at room temperature. The absorption cross-sections (σabs) of 0.5at.% and 1at.% Cr3+:LuScO3 were calculated to be 0.70×10−20 cm2 and 0.64×10−20 cm2 at 483 nm corresponding to the 4A2→4T1 transition, and 0.30×10−20 cm2 and 0.27×10−20 cm2 at 661 nm corresponding to the 4A2→4T2 transition, respectively. The transition Cr3+:4T2→4A2 in 1at.% Cr3+:LuScO3 exhibited a broad emission band with the FWHM value reaching up to 297 nm and the emission cross-section (σem) was 2.35×10−20 cm2. From the spectra, the crystal field parameter (Dq) was calculated to be 1513 cm-1, Racah B and C were 544 cm-1 and 3331 cm-1, respectively. All the results indicated the great application potential of Cr3+:LuScO3 crystals in the field of ultrafast lasers.
The use of febuxostat in comorbid patients with gout in real clinical practice: own data
Authors: Zonova E. V. , Orlov D. N. , Kabargina A. S.
Published: June 2022

Objective: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of febuxostat (Azuriks®) in the treatment of patients with gout and concomitant diseases.Patients and methods. An observational, open-label, single-centre study of the results of febuxostat use in 85 gout patients with insufficient prior allopurinol efficacy or its intolerance. The median age of patients was 56.2 [49; 59] years, among them 83.5% were men. All patients had comorbid diseases, mainly cardiovascular pathology (76.5%) and chronic kidney disease (60%). The achievement of target values of uric acid (UA) during 4 months of urate-lowering therapy and its safety were assessed.Results and discussion. After 4 months of therapy with febuxostat, 25% of patients reached the target values of UA. Exacerbations at an early stage of the use of urate-lowering therapy were rare and were characterized by a lesser severity of the articular syndrome. Normalization of purine metabolism was accompanied by a decrease in the laboratory activity index (CRP level) to values corresponding to the interictal period of gout. Febuxostat was well tolerated.Conclusion. According to the data obtained, in patients with gout and concomitant diseases, febuxostat allows reaching target UA values in a short time without dose titration, while a high safety profile is noted.
Pigmented villonodular synovitis: literature review and case report
Authors: Denisov L. N. , Nesterenko V. A. , Smirnov A. V.
Published: June 2022

Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a rare disease, its diagnosis has certain difficulties. This is due to the absence of characteristic etiological factors and clinical manifestations of PVNS, as well as the insufficient level of knowledge among doctors. The article presents a review of the literature on the diagnosis and treatment of PVNS, as well as a clinical case, which peculiarity is the late diagnosis of this disease, despite the presence of its certain clinical and morphological manifestations.
Semarâ€™s Philosophy as a Proposed Code of Ethics for the Profession of Educator Accountant
Authors: Raharjo Yulianti , Sawarjuwono Tjiptohadi
Published: June 2022

The art of wayang kulit (puppit) is one of the original local wisdoms of Indonesia that has been embedded in the culture of the Javanese people for a long time. Each character in wayang kulit has a unique characteristic and a very deep meaning because it provides an overview of life. One example is Semar. Semar is described as a religious, strong, and wise teacher and leader. His behavior reflects the overall human capacity, both in thinking and in choosing an action or decision. This study aims to examine Semarâ€™s philosophy which is used as a proposal in the preparation of a code of ethics for the profession of educator accountants. By using the library research method, this study seeks to examine various literatures obtained from previous studies and books related to Semarâ€™s philosophy to get an overview of the characteristics of Semar and educator accountants. The results of this study conclude that Semar is a simple figure with various unique characteristics. He can be a role model in living life, including being religious, wise, intelligent, honest, earnest, loyal, thorough, never hesitate, professional, and public-oriented. This research is expected to be used as a proposal to the Indonesian Institute of Accountants â€“ IAI and related regulators in compiling a professional code of ethics as a guide for the profession of educator accountant.
Factors Affecting Underpricing Level during IPO in Indonesia Stock Exchange 2018 - 2019
Authors: Isynuwardhana Deannes , Febryan Frizky Vega
Published: June 2022

The underpricing is an event that occurs when stock price in a primary market is smaller than that on secondary market. Indonesia has an increase of companies that experience underpricing every year, although there was a decline in 2019/ Yet, the decline was not significant. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of factors such as company age, company size, and return on assets, financial leverage, earnings per share and current ratio on level of underpricing at the time of Initial Public Offering (IPO) on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2018-2018. This research was conducted on the companies that did an IPO on the IDX for the period 2018-2019 using method purposive sampling. There were 82 companies used and the method used was multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS software. The results showed that company size and earnings per share have a negative effect on the level of underpricing. However, the company age, return on assets, financial leverage and current ratio have no effect on the level of underpricing. This research expected to provide benefits to related parties, including for investors. Investors can consider the value of earnings per share and the size of the company when making investment. for issuers companies need to pay attention to value of Earning Per Share and the size of the company so it avoid underpricing and get expected profit for the company.
Breaking the [Sacredness] Costs in Management Accounting: Periphery Case Analysis
Authors: Jannah Binti Shofiatul , Hatimah Husnul
Published: June 2022

This study aims to explain and construct the concept of cost beyond thereasoning in mainstream accounting. This construction is carried out byredefning the cost based on the â€œperipheryâ€ case. I reference to the Nusantaraparadigm, the four principles (kaidah) in building Siraman Gong KiaiPradah methodology have been fulflled. Therefore, the method used hasbeen out of the ordinary research methods. First, it prepares a â€œperipheryâ€case to be investigated for the costs. Second, it draws the position closerto God by doing penances so that they are given instructions in reducingand classifying the data. Third, doing the charity. Fourth, it includes theâ€œvalueâ€ of the â€œperipheryâ€ case in the new cost concept. Finally, this articleproposes a change to the defnition of cost. Through the â€œperipheryâ€ case,the concept of cost transcends materialism. Cost is a number of expensesincurred, based on sincerity aimed at helping others in order to obtain thebenefts both for the world and the hereafter by prioritizing the principle ofmutual help.
Leadership in Realizing Financial Management Accountability for Village-Owned Enterprises
Authors: Utami Intiyas , Hapsari Aprina Nugrahesthy Sulistya , Kean Yohanes Yakobus Werang
Published: June 2022

This study aims to explore the role of leadership in realizing the accountability of financial managment of ecotourismâ€“based BUMDes Au Wula in Detusoko Barat Village, Ende Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. This research uses a qualita-tive method with the resource persons consisting of village officials, government representatives, indigenous community leaders, and local community representatives. The data were collected through interviews and focused discussions with various sources regarding the ideal leadership model in managing ecotourism-based Village-Owned Enterprises (Indonesia: Badan Usaha Milik Desa /BUMDes). The results indicate that the type of transformative leadership in BUMDes Au Wula has a role in realizing BUMDes financial management accountability such as a role model, inspirators, stimulator of creativity and inno-vation, and consultant for BUMDes managers. In addition to other supporting documents, BUMDes financial reports can be completed and accounted for properly. Another finding relates to the regeneration of the leadership of BUMDes Chairman when he was then elected as the Head of Detusoko Barat Village.
Politique anti-genre et panique morale au Brésil
Authors: Gomes da Costa Gustavo , Zeppetella Julien
Published: June 2022

En 2018, le député d’extrême droite Jair Bolsonaro a surpris l’opinion publique internationale en étant élu président de la République du Brésil. En utilisant une rhétorique raciste, sexiste, homophobe et antidémocratique, Bolsonaro a réussi à articuler un large front conservateur et d’extrême droite en sa faveur. Cet article analyse une des facettes de cette articulation politique, celle portant sur l’opposition aux expressions de la sexualité en dissonance avec le modèle hétérosexuel. À cette fin, nous utilisons le concept de panique morale pour comprendre les mobilisations à l’encontre de l’exposition QueerMuseu inaugurée en août 2017. L’article utilise l’analyse événementielle comme méthode de recueil des données afin d’identifier les acteurs sociaux impliqués dans la panique morale, leurs tactiques de mobilisation, les arguments qu’ils utilisent, ainsi que les réponses de la société civile et de la classe politique à cette panique morale. L’article vise non seulement à appréhender la pertinence des questions de genre et de diversité sexuelle dans la récente avancée de l’autoritarisme au Brésil, mais aussi à identifier les possibilités et les limites du concept de panique morale en tant qu’outil analytique et empirique en sociologie.
The Number Game: Counting Kangaroos
Authors: Brooks David
Published: June 2022

The Number Game: Counting Kangaroos
[Review] Liz P.Y. Chee. Mao’s Bestiary: Medicinal Animals and Modern China. Duke University Press, 2021. 288 pp.
Authors: Li Peter
Published: June 2022

[Review] Liz P.Y. Chee. Mao’s Bestiary: Medicinal Animals and Modern China. Duke University Press, 2021. 288 pp.
Mutual Rescue: Disabled Animals and Their Caretakers
Authors: Birke Lynda , Gruen Lori
Published: June 2022

Mutual Rescue: Disabled Animals and Their Caretakers
Snake Church
Authors: Hall Pyke Sue
Published: June 2022

Snake Church
The spotted hyena in popular media and the biopolitical implications for conservation strategy
Authors: Hugosson Annika
Published: June 2022

The spotted hyena in popular media and the biopolitical implications for conservation strategy
Aplikasi Metode DRASTIC untuk Analisis Kerentanan Air Tanah terhadap Pencemaran di Kabupaten Tanah Laut, Kabupaten Banjar, dan Kota Banjarbaru, Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Putranto Thomas Triadi , Budihardjo Mochamad Arief , Sarminingsih Anik
Published: June 2022

In 2017-2019, the Tanah Laut Regency, Banjar Regency, Banjarbaru City population was relatively high and continued to increase every year. The increase in the population reaches 1.39% to 2.92%. Along with population growth, the human need for clean water also increases, especially from groundwater. The study aims to assess the vulnerability of groundwater to contamination. The method used for the analysis of groundwater vulnerability to contamination is the DRASTIC method. It refers to seven parameters, namely groundwater depth (D), net recharge (R), aquifer media (A), soil layer (S), topography (T), impact to vadose zone (I) and hydraulic conductivity (C) by using geospatial analysis to calculate the DRASTIC Index/DI. From the results of geospatial analysis, there are three zones of groundwater vulnerability to contamination based on DI values, namely low vulnerability (95-106), medium vulnerability (106-146), and high vulnerability (146-186). The distribution of high zones dominates in the research area around of 75, 8%. The DRASTIC method requires a lot of data to provide an accurate analysis of groundwater vulnerability zone maps. This method has excellent accuracy and more effective in producing a map of the groundwater vulnerability zones to contamination.