bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
METABOLIC PROFILE AND QUALITATIVE TRAITS OF MILK OF KARACHAEV AND NUBIAN GOATS
Authors: Selionova M.I. , Aibazov A.M. , Bogolyubova N. V. , Zinovieva N.A.
Published: November 2021

More intensive processes of protein and carbohydrate-lipid metabolism were revealed in Karachaev goats. With an increase in the number of lactation in the blood of Nubian goats, the level of protein, glucose and cholesterol increased, and Karachaev goats – urea and triglycerides. The milk of both breeds was characterized by a high content of fat, protein, casein, with a greater amount of them in the milk of Karachaev goats.
INCREASING THE GERMINATION OF ALFALFA SEEDS BASED ON THE USE OF BIOLOGICAL SCARIFICATION
Authors: Sadanov A.K.
Published: November 2021

A method has been developed to increase the germination of alfalfa seeds based on the use of cellulolytic bacteria (biological scarification). It is shown that inoculation of seeds with bacteria increases the germination and productivity of the green mass of alfalfa.
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE DISCIPLINES OF BLOCK 1 FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF RESEARCH SKILLS OF UNDERGRADUATES STUDYING IN THE DIRECTION OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
Authors: Demidenko G.N.
Published: November 2021

The development of research skills among undergraduates is one of the significant elements of the educational process, which allows forming the competencies laid down by the federal state educational standards of higher education and preparing highly qualified research personnel.
OBTAINING CALLUS CULTURE OF VITEX AGNUS-CASTUS CELLS AS A PRODUCER FOR BIOTECHNOLOGICAL OBTAINING OF PHYTOEXDYSTEROIDS
Authors: Volodina S.O. , Topkova O.V.
Published: November 2021

The work is devoted to the study of the processes of callusogenesis of Vitex agnus-castus in vitro. The ability of callus cell culture to biosynthesis of ecdysteroids is shown.
ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ ШОС В КОНТЕКСТЕ РОССИЙСКО-КИТАЙСКОГО СТРАТЕГИЧЕСКОГО ВИДЕНИЯ В НОВОМ МНОГОПОЛЯРНОМ МИРЕ
Authors: Yermekov Alibek , Delovarova Leila F.
Published: November 2021

Развитие многополярности в современной системе международных отношений привносит новые тенденций в области современной глобальной политики. ШОС как многосторонняя платформа имеет перспективу стать системой коллективной безопасности в Азии. Россия и Китай - два основных геополитических игрока, которые могут содействовать эволюции ШОС с точки зрения новой системы коллективной безопасности, которая будет отвечать современным вызовам и угрозам в рамках формирующейся многополярности и конфронтации между великими державами. ШОС имеет колоссальный потенциал, который в перспективе при должном и сбалансированном подходе позволит организации трансформироваться и занять важную нишу в системе макрорегиональной безопасности. Это позволит ослабить раздражающие конфронтационные эффекты и усилить диалоговую составляющую между конкурирующими державами. Усиление позиции ШОС на макрорегиональном уровне придаст новую окраску и российско-китайским отношения, усилит потенциал взаимовыгодного сотрудничества.
Expression of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase in Astrocytic Tumors (Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Study)
Authors: Ibrahim Abdul Hakeem Abdul Hakeem , Khaled Randa Said Taha , Sherif Ismail Mohamed
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: Astrocytic tumors are the most common primary brain tumors. Glioblastoma is the most common astrocytic tumor representing the highest World Health Organization (WHO) grade (WHO grade IV) with poor prognosis and short survival time. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) has a role in embryonic central nervous system development. ALK receptor is thought to contribute to nervous system function, repair, and metabolic homeostasis and is expressed in high-grade tumors like anaplastic large cell lymphoma that makes it a potential target for therapeutic intervention.

AIM: This work aimed to examine the immunohistochemical expression of ALK in astrocytic tumors and its correlation with age, sex, clinical presentation, location, laterality, recurrence, and WHO grade to implicate possible therapeutic potential.

METHODS: This retrospective study was conducted on sixty cases of archived, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks that included different subtypes and grades of astrocytic tumors. Immunohistochemistry using ALK monoclonal antibody was performed using a standard avidin-biotin-peroxidase system.

RESULTS: Of the sixty cases, 57 (95%) cases were negative for ALK, while three (5%) cases are positive for ALK; all showed the strong intensity of expression. No statistically significant association was found between ALK expression and astrocytic tumors in addition to other clinical variables of the studied tumors.

CONCLUSIONS: Most cases of astrocytic tumors showed negative ALK expression apart from three positive cases seen in higher WHO grades, especially gliosarcoma. The high number of negative cases for ALK in our study group suggests that ALK expression is not associated with a prognostic significance toward astrocytic tumors whatever its grade.
Viral Diseases and Youth Sports: How to Handle Common Infections that Sideline Athletes
Authors: Yao Katherine V. , Szybinski Stanley , Varghese Mathew , Fazekas Matthew
Published: November 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has brought to forefront the large morbidity, mortality, and complications that viral illnesses can cause. For athletes, viral illnesses can be disruptive toward their participation in youth sports. This article outlines the details of how the most common viral illnesses affect the youth athlete and youth sports, including COVID-19, non–COVID-19 upper respiratory infections, influenza, Epstein-Barr virus, varicella, herpes, and other dermatologic infections. In this article, we review current available guidelines and recommendations on how to handle these infections in athletes during sports as well as return-to-play recommendations.

[
Pediatr Ann.
2021;50(11):e454–e460.]
Panorama de lo epistolar en la poesía española peninsular contemporánea escrita por mujeres
Authors: Vega-Sampayo Elena
Published: November 2021

El presente artículo se propone interpretar la elección por parte de algunas poetas de lo que a priori parecieran meras huellas, vestigios del género epistolar. Con ese objetivo se analizarán obras de distintos momentos y generaciones de la poesía española contemporánea del siglo XX y hasta nuestros días que tienen como común denominador su acercamiento a lo epistolar. Buscamos dar testimonio de una realidad poética singular, amén de examinar sus conexiones con la tradición. Utilizando como marco referencial el estudio del apóstrofe propuesto por J. Culler, se llevará a cabo un recorrido transversal de lo epistolar, así como un análisis de las técnicas y figuras retóricas relacionadas, en la poesía peninsular contemporánea escrita por mujeres que incluirá, entre otras, a Rosa Chacel, Ernestina de Champourcín, Gloria Fuertes, María Victoria Atencia, Julia Uceda y Eloísa Otero.
Desenmascaramiento del mundo contemporáneo en el mosaico narrativo de Vicente Luis Mora: Fred Cabeza de Vaca
Authors: Calvo Revilla Ana
Published: November 2021

Analizamos la propuesta narrativa de Vicente Luis Mora en Fred Cabeza de Vaca. Mediante diversos mecanismos narrativos y estructurales, como la estética fragmentaria y la quiebra del discurso narrativo, la hibridación genérica y el perspectivismo, el escritor disecciona la contemporaneidad desde dentro y fuera del sujeto y plantea cuestiones de índole filosófica y estética, como la aniquilación y desintegración del sujeto, el vacío existencial y la incognoscibilidad y la indescifrabilidad de lo real.
Aventinus mons
Authors: Prim Joëlle
Published: November 2021

L’Aventin, la plus méridionale des collines de la Rome antique, a joué un rôle singulier dans l’histoire de la cité et dans la formation de son espace urbain. Ce postulat était au cœur de la monographie qui lui fut consacrée par Alfred Merlin en 1906. Depuis, les connaissances sur l’histoire de cet espace urbain ont considérablement avancées, aussi bien du point de vue théorique, avec les renouvellements de l’histoire urbaine de Rome, que du point de vue des méthodes d’analyse des sources disponibles sur le sujet. En outre, ce corpus documentaire s’est considérablement enrichi, en particulier grâce au travail accompli ces vingt dernières années par les différents services archéologiques chargés des fouilles sur la colline. L’ensemble de ces éléments justifiait une nouvelle étude de cet espace de la Ville de Rome.
Concentrant l’enquête sur la période qui s’étend du IIe s. av. au Ier s. apr. J.-C., l’auteur propose d’interroger les singularités de l’Aventin telles que nous continuons à les appréhender depuis les travaux d’Alfred Merlin – en particulier son image de « colline par excellence de la plèbe » –, mais aussi d’en dégager de nouvelles. À cette fin, le présent ouvrage se structure autour de trois dossiers thématiques étroitement articulés. Identifier les éléments qui définissent les confins territoriaux de l’Aventin ; étudier ses caractéristiques socio-urbaines et les confronter à l’image plébéienne de la colline qui s’élabore au cours de cette période, et enfin, étudier la cartographie religieuse et certaines fonctions spécifiques qui s’organisent autour de ses sanctuaires : tels sont les principaux thèmes qui structurent cette histoire discontinue du mont Aventin.
Le Projet urbain régénératif : un concept en émergence dans la pratique de l’urbanisme
Authors: Blanco Eduardo , Raskin Kalina , Clergeau Philippe
Published: November 2021

L’urbanisme organise et transforme l’espace par la pratique du projet, qu’ordonnent des choix d’aménagement sur un territoire. Plusieurs initiatives de recherche et de pratique de l’urbanisme projet visent à explorer l’intégration du fonctionnement des écosystèmes naturels dès la conception des projets. Cependant les processus d’urbanisation restent une cause centrale de la dégradation des écosystèmes. Le « regenerative design » propose une meilleure compréhension du site pour, associé à un processus participatif et en amélioration continue, aboutir à des projets avec des impacts positifs mutuels à la société et aux écosystèmes, permettant leur coévolution. Au travers de différents outils jusque-là publiés, la mise en pratique du regenerative design montre des résultats préliminaires à l’international, mais sa prise en compte en France reste superficielle. Dans cette recherche, nous explorons l’origine et la pratique contemporaine du regenerative design, nous mettons en parallèle cette théorie avec d’autres courants de l’urbanisme durable et écologique, et finalement nous identifions les cinq principes théoriques d’un projet urbain régénératif, afin de proposer une définition à ce terme.
Micromechanical and Tribological Properties of Nanostructured Carbonitride Coatings Deposited by PVD Technique
Authors: Leitans Armands , Lungevics Janis , Kanders Uldis , Boiko Irina
Published: November 2021

Nanostructured smart coatings (NSC) based on the TiAlSi-CN composite structure elements were deposited using reactive high-power physical vapor deposition (PVD) technique. The advanced modular deposition system included up to 8 high-power magnetron sputtering devices (MSD) allowing operate them simultaneously and exceed power density of 120 W/cm2 within each device erosion zone. The novel designed NSC on bearing steel 100Cr6 substrates demonstrated enhanced mechanical and tribological properties comparably with bearing steel ones required for multifunctional high-tech applications. The deposited NSC containing TiAlSi-CN nanoparticles strengthened by elemental additives Cr and Nb exhibited microhardness as high as 2500 HV values in comparison with 750 HV of 100Cr6 steel substrates. Load-displacement curves obey Meyer’s power-law surprisingly well because power-trendline fitted ones by R-squared value of 0.9999 for all the film-samples. Tribological properties were measured under dry friction conditions between the bearing steel ball of Ø 6 mm and the film-samples’ flat surface. Coefficient of friction (CoF) ranges between 0.22-0.56 depending on a sample and load. Tribotracks worn under the friction indenter were too shallow to evaluate them by Mitutoyo profilometer SJ-500. Therefore, the wear rate was estimated as ball wear of the friction indenter.
Influence of Extracts from Bark of Deciduous Trees on the Activity of the Amylolytic Enzyme - Alpha Amylase
Authors: Janceva Sarmite , Andersone Anna , Lauberte Liga , Telysheva Galina , Krasilnikova Jelena , Nokalne Inara , Janceva Julija
Published: November 2021

The effect of water extracts obtained from bark of growing in Latvia and widely spread in Europe grey alder (Alnusincana), black alder (Alnusglutinosa) and aspen tree (Populustremula), on the amylase activity in human saliva was evaluated. The extracts were obtained using advanced ACE equipment and distilled hot water as a solvent. The total yields of extractives from bark were rather similar and varied from 16 % to 21 % based on dry bark. However, the content of proantocianidine and salicine derivatives used as diagnostic characteristic for evaluation of effect of extracts on activity of amylase – a glucose-polymers cleavage enzyme - differed significantly. The results of in-vitro tests realized using the model of human gastrointestinal pass have shown that the abovementioned extracts in micro dosages are able to increase significantly activity of amylase. However, this effect is dose dependent and when the dose is exceeded the opposite effect – inhibition of amylase activity - is observed. This effect is explained by increasing of proantocianidins component in the volume of the tested extract dose, because pure proantocianidins, isolated from grey alder bark significantly inhibited activity of amylase. The further investigation is necessary in order to estimate effective and safe dosages for application of extracts providing a guaranteed unambiguous effect of activation or inhibition of amylase activity.
Effect of Corn Silk Aqueous Extract on Brown Adipose Tissue of Embryos and Neonates of Diabetic Pregnant Mice
Authors: Al-Qudsi Fatma , Alsudairi Dema
Published: November 2021

Context:

Many congenital malformations are seen increasingly, due to diabetic mothers causing a burden on health systems. Corn silk (CS) extract has been used as a natural hypoglycemic treatment. However, its teratogenic safety was not studied.

Aims:

Therefore, in this study, we examine the effect of CS aqueous extract on fetuses, offspring of normal and diabetic female mice treated with CS aqueous extract.

Settings and Design:

Pregnant female mice were divided into two groups diabetic and nondiabetic. Then, each of these groups was divided into control and treated.

Subjects and Methods:

A daily dose of 4 g/kg of CS aqueous extract was given orally to the treated groups, control groups were given distilled water. The collection of samples was at day 16.5 of pregnancy, and neonates. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) in the sections of the preserved sample was examined.

Statistical Analysis Used:

BAT areas were measured from 10 samples of each treatment age group in 2 sections. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA, then, two-independent sample test (Mann–Whitney) was done to test the significance of differences between groups.

Results:

The BAT areas were negatively affected by diabetes and the extract. Both the extract and diabetes caused an increase in fat accumulation in the adipocytes with varying degrees.

Conclusions:

This study showed for the first time to our knowledge that the use of CS aqueous extract during pregnancy affected BAT organization and area, and that the used dose did not decrease the malformations caused by diabetes. More studies with different doses should be investigated.
Variations in Canal Morphology, Shapes, and Positions of Major Foramen in Maxillary and Mandibular Teeth
Authors: Swathika B. , Ullah Md. Kalim , Ganesan S. , Muthusamy Prabu , Vuyyuru Prasanna , Kalita Kongkana , Swarnalatha C. , Babu Suresh J. , Nayyar Abhishek Singh
Published: November 2021

Context and Aim:

A plethora of studies have revealed that there is a lack of general consensus in the precise anatomic detailing of the canals and the major foramen in both the maxillary and mandibular teeth while emphasizing the significance of the same for a successful endodontic treatment. The aim of the present study was to determine the variations in canal morphology, shapes, and positions of major foramen in maxillary and mandibular teeth.

Materials and Methods:

In the present study, 420 extracted human maxillary and mandibular teeth with completely formed apices were included. The specimens were cleaned for surface debris including remnants of periodontal tissue and were stored in saline. Examination of the apices was performed with the help of stereomicroscope for their exact shapes and configurations and precise anatomic location. Comparison of different parameters within the group was done using Chi-square test while P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

The results of the present study indicated that apical foramen in mandibular teeth showed higher degree of deviation with a prevalence of 70.2% while flat shape of apical foramen was observed only in maxillary teeth. Furthermore, maximum deviation in maxillary teeth was recorded in the canines with a prevalence of 90% while, in mandibular teeth, maximum deviation was recorded with mandibular second premolars with a prevalence of 79.12%.

Conclusions:

The results of the present study revealed that deviation of apical foramen from the root apex was seen in 68.2% of the specimens. Furthermore, deviation was greater in the mandibular than the maxillary teeth.
The Possible Effects of Vitamin D3 on AlCl3-Induced Histological and Morphometric Alterations of Adult Male Albino Rat Hippocampus
Authors: Bashraheel Jana Kamel , Alrefaie Zienab A. , Hammad Hossam Eldin Ahmed Awad , Ali Soad Shaker
Published: November 2021

Context:

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a challenging neurodegenerative disease, and Vitamin D was proved to have neuroprotective effects.

Aim:

This study was conducted to evaluate the potential neuroprotective effects of Vitamin D3 supplementation on AlCl3-induced AD rat model in different hippocampal subregions (CA1, CA2, and CA3). It also aimed to compare the protective effects of protective versus therapeutic effects of Vitamin D3 regiments on the number of degenerated neurons and the neuronal layer thickness.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty-four adult male Albino Wister rats were sorted into GI: control; GII: AlCl3-AD model (100 mg/kg) orally for 42 days; GIII: Rats were co-treated with AlCl3 (as GII) and Vitamin D3 (400 IU/kg/day) orally for 42 days; GIV: Rats were treated with AlCl3 for 42 days then with Vitamin D3 for further 2 weeks. Sagittal sections (5 μ) from paraffin-processed brains previously fixed in 10% neutral-buffered formalin were stained with hematoxylin and eosin to evaluate the thickness and number of degenerated neurons in the hippocampal CA1, CA2, and CA3 subregions.

Statistical Analysis:

The results of this study were expressed as mean ± standard deviation and analyzed by using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 23 (IBM SPSS, IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA). P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

Vitamin D3 supplementations modulated the degenerative changes observed in the hippocampus of AD rat model. In all hippocampal subregions, the thickness was higher in rats treated with Vitamin D3 after the AD induction than rats treated with Vitamin D3 during AD induction. However, this increase was only significant in CA2. Comparison of the number of degenerated neurons between both groups treated with Vitamin D3 revealed that in CA1, the number of degenerated neurons did not statistically differ between the two groups. However, it was insignificantly lower in CA2 in rats treated with Vitamin D3 after the AD induction, and in CA3, it was insignificantly lower in rats treated with Vitamin D3 during the AD induction.

Conclusions:

Vitamin D3 was found to be effective in ameliorating histological and morphometric alterations in AlCl3-induced AD in rat model and could be proposed as both preventive and therapeutic supplements in high-risk AD patients.
Trafik Video Analiz Verilerinden Anomali Tespit ve Diferansiyel Gelişim Algoritması Uç Öğrenme Makinesi ile Sınıflandırma
Authors: AVCI Derya , SÖNMEZ Yasin
Published: November 2021

Kameralar ile elde edilen videolarda hareketli nesne tespit ve takibi ile nesne hakkında anlamlı ve yorumlanabilir bilgi elde edilmesi süreci, video analizi olarak tanımlanabilir. Karayolu trafik akış videolarının analizi ise hareket eden nesnelerin (taşıt ve yaya) izlenen yol için belirlenen kurallar dışında davranış sergilemeleri (anomali) durumunun tespit ve uyarı sistemi olarak ifade edilebilir. Bu çalışmada karayolu trafik akış videolarında hareket eden nesnelerin anomali davranışlarını tespit ederek verileri makine öğrenmesi yöntemleri ile sınıflandırma yapılmıştır. Çalışma üç aşamadan oluşmaktadır. Birinci aşamada hareketli nesnenin tespiti için arka/ön plan bölütleme yöntemlerinden Gauss Karışım Modeli (GKM) ve nesnenin videoda takibi yapılabilmesi için Kalman Filtre-Macar Algoritması yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. İkinci aşamada tespit edilen nesneye ait koordinat bilgilerini kullanarak konum, süre, hız ve şekil verileri elde edilmiştir. Hazırlanan özgün algoritmaya dayalı özellik çıkarma yazılımı ile nesneler için anomali durumlarını içeren özellikler tablosu oluşturulmuştur. Son aşamada ise özellik tablosundaki veriler; Uç Öğrenme Makine (UÖM) yönteminin, gizli katmandaki nöron sayıları ve aktivasyon fonksiyonları Diferansiyel Gelişim Algoritması (DGA) ile optimize edilerek geliştirilen DGAUÖM yöntemi ile sınıflandırma yapılmıştır. Geliştirilen yöntem ile elde edilen sonuçlar diğer makine öğrenme yöntem (Naive Bayes, Destek Vektör Makinesi ve Yapay Sinir Ağı) sonuçları ile karşılaştırılmış ve başarım %100 ile en yüksek çıkmıştır.
University Lecturers and Students Preparedness for Online
Teaching and Learning in Zimbabwe
Authors: Muchemwa Stella
Published: November 2021

The outbreak of COVID 19, which disrupted the normal lecture delivery system in universities, profoundly impacted Zimbabwe as a nation. This study investigated on university lecturers and students’ preparedness to online teaching and learning at the outbreak of COVID 19 in the country. The study also looked at how these two groups adjusted and what still need to be done to effect e-learning. The researcher carried out massive interviews to both lecturers and students. The study employed the thematic data processing approach. Findings showed that university lecturers and students were caught unaware and unprepared for alternative learning modes though they did their best to rise above the challenges. Lecturers from very few well-to-do universities got either or both data bundles and gadgets. Universities experienced the following challenges: limited accessibility to internet, limited mobile networks, unreliable electricity supply, lack of appropriate technological gadgets, lack of technical know-how, high levels of stress and low performance level for both lecturers and students. The study concluded that the e-learning that was introduced as a mitigating measure, left a lot to be desired and this needs to be ‘fixed’ in preparation for future similar calamities and general technological advancement. The study recommended national and university funding of necessary electronic gadgets, e-learning infrastructure and data bundles for smooth running of e-learning programs.
Pharmacotherapeutic Considerations in the Management of Hypertensive and Diabetic COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Bashir Samra , Gohar Nitasha
Published: November 2021

The COVID-19 disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 has emerged as a pandemic inflicting more than 229 million people over the globe. Preexisting illnesses including diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases are known to increase the risk of developing severe disease course and mortality. Likewise, COVID-19 potentiates the risk of acute cardiovascular events, multiorgan damages and, poor glycemic control among the patients. Special pharmacotherapeutic considerations are, therefore, essential for optimal treatment of COVID-19 patients with chronic comorbidities. In this editorial, we have summarized and interpreted the current information and guidelines about the need for pharmacotherapy adjustment in COVID-19 patients with hypertension and type II diabetes. Diabetic and hypertensive patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 disease should be encouraged to continue their usual medications with frequent monitoring. However, the choice of antidiabetic drugs needs to be reviewed in severe diseases.
The Position of Military Justice to the Indonesian Judiciary System
Authors:   Lecturer, Faculty of Law, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, Indonesia, Pramono Budi
Published: November 2021

The main problem in this paper is how the position of military justice in the Indonesian judicial system with the issuance of Article 3 paragraph (4) Letter (a) of MPR Decree Number: VII / MPR / 2000, which explains that Indonesian National Military submit to the power of military justice in cases of lawlessness. military and submit to the general court for violations of general criminal law. This research is a type of juridical normative research that bases positive legal norms using statutory, conceptual and comparative approaches. The position of Military Justice in the Indonesian judicial system is part of the judicial power which has a strong and unquestionable position, because it is not against the constitution and is still in the corridor of the legal system in Indonesia, which is stated in Article 24 Paragraph (2) of the Fourth Amendment of the 1945 Indonesian Constitution as the constitution. state, and more emphasized in Article 18 of Law Number 48 of 2009 concerning Judicial Power.
The Application of Skin Expander in Subcontaneous Cystoplasty: A Novel Method to Solve the Dysfunction of Bladder
Authors:   Urology department of huang shi center hospital, Hubei, China, Yu Di , Junbiao Mao ,   Urology department of huang shi center hospital, Hubei, China
Published: November 2021

The patients of neurogenic bladder or radical cystectomy suffered much of the bladder dysfunction, leading mass wealth losses and misfortune of individual and society. We designed a new method to solve the problem: subcontaneous cystoplasty. Three skin expanders were buried around the abdominal ureter exit after cutaneous ureterostomy, then the inner skin bag were constructed by the expanded skin. The subcutaneous tunnel connected to the urine bag were pressed outside by belt to control the voiding. Skin urethra bulge, controlling the direction of the urination, located at the terminal of subcutaneous tunnel. Patients can put pressure to the subcontaneous urine bag to exhaust the urine. It may affect the appearance, but it can avoid many defects caused by ileocolic-cystoplasty, and may help neurogenic patients get ride of external urine bags.
Comparison of Regional Vs Local Arterial Parameters Using New Us Technology
Authors:   Cardioarenales, Arenales 3028 PB “A” Buenos Aires Argentina, Jose Forcada Pedro , Che Cheung NG Kendy ,   Hong Kong, China
Published: November 2021

Environment: It has been described that muscular arteries behaviour is different from aorta, and regional parameters like Intima Media Thickness (IMT) IMT, atherosclerotic plaques burden, c-f PWV and endothelial function are related with age and risk factors and are powerful prognostic markers but it is not the case of local parameters like wall shear stress (WSS), local Pulse Wave Velocity PWV or beta index in muscular arteries like common carotid artery, only just recently available in the clinical practice.
The Three Phases of the Arab Demographic Transition
Authors:   National Institute of Studies, Demographics, France, Courbage Youssef
Published: November 2021

This text risks quickly becoming obsolete because of the unforeseeable upheavals of recent months. The coronavirus pandemic which is raging throughout the world has not spared the Arab world, even if its epidemiological severity: incidence of infection, mortality, etc. is far from reaching the heights it has achieved elsewhere, particularly in America and Europe. In addition, the Arab countries are very diverse, not suffering evil with the same intensity; some are more spared than others for reasons which are only partially understood.
Open Garbage Dumps and Dog Bites in Srinagar, Kashmir
Authors:   PhD Scholar, Division of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Extension, FVSc & AH, SKUAST-Kashmir, Srinagar, J & K, India, Thahaby Namera , Akand Afzal Hoque ,   Assistant Professor, Division of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Extension, FVSc & AH, SKUAST-Kashmir, Srinagar, J & K, India
Published: November 2021

Open Garbage Dumps and Dog Bites in Srinagar, Kashmir
Seroprevalence of Treponema Palladium Infection among Blood Donors in Darfur Region, Western Sudan 2017
Authors:   Phylum of Medical Parasitology, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, Elsheikh Abdallah Elbadri University,Berber, Sudan, Mohammed Hamad Mosab Nouraldein , Abdelrahman Nassreldeen Khalid ,   University of Al Fashir, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Sudan
Published: November 2021

Background: Treponema palladium (T.P) is a pathogenic bacteria induces syphilis, a systemic disease spread by sexual contact, blood transfusions. Objective: To recognize Treponema palladium seropositive blood donors and to explore the association between syphilis serological evidence and age as well as demographic information. Methods: In Darfur, Western Sudan, a retrospective analysis of sequential blood donation results from January to December 2017 was conducted. Percentages were used to measure the descriptive numbers. The p-value was used to assess the statistical significance of the measure, and the Chi-square was used to test trends.
Assessment of Infection Risk of Covid-19 among Health Care Workers in a Tertiary Health Care Facility
Authors:   Department of Community Medicine, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, UP, India, Kriti Singh , Seema Nigam ,   Department of Community Medicine, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, UP, India
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Health care providers are working round the clock in their fight against COVID-19. Appropriate measures are taken by the hospital administration and also healthcare providers for the protection of patients as well as for them. This study is taken up to assess infection risk of COVID-19 among healthcare providers about infection, prevention, and practices in a tertiary healthcare facility.
BCRP Expression with Lipofuscin Accumulation in Abnormal Neurons from a Child with Transmantle Cortical Dysplasia (TMCD) and Refractory Epilepsy
Authors:   Neurology Service, L Czornyj , F Lubieniecki ,   Neuropathology Laboratory
Published: November 2021

Cerebral cortical development’s malformations, including the transmantel cortical dysplasia (TMCD), have been associated with refractory epilepsy (RE). Several ABC-transporters as “P-glycoprotein (P-gp), Multidrug resistance proteins (MRP-1) and breast Cancer Resistant Protein (BCRP)” are up-regulated in human epileptogenic brain lesions of RE, however they have not been explored in Transmantle cortical dysplasia (TMCD). We describe a 13 years old boy with Refractory Epilepsy (RE) and abnormal Magneic Resonance Image (MRI) (T1, FLAIR and T2) compatible with TMCD. Clinical follow-up, images and pathologic studies were developed by routinely methods. Epilepsy surgical treatment included total lesion resection with complete seizures remission at date. Deeper brain areas related with images findings, showed features of TMCD with abnormal ballooned neurons with high accumulation of PAS+, sudanophilic and autoflourescent lipopigment (LP). Immunohistochemistry, using primary monoclonal antibodies for P-gp, MVP and BCRP proteins, showed high expression of BCRP in several ballooned-LP+ cells. In contrast, P-gp and MVP were negative and MRP-1 has not been investigated. The links of BCRP with LP and AEDs are not known, however, the expression of BCRP in these LP+ ballooned neurons from the epileptogenic brain area, with P-gp/MVP negative results, suggest that BCRP could be associated to refractory epileptic phenotype.
Sunspot Maximum of 2025-a Foreboding of the Next Influenza Pandemic?
Authors:   Buckingham Centre for Astrobiology, University of Buckingham, UK, Wickramasinghe N Chandra , CL Rocca Maximiliano ,   Mendoza 2779-16A, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
Published: November 2021

The majority of the pandemic influenza events of the last 450 years have occurred during periods of sunspot maxima. A review of this record suggests that there is a high probability that would have the next major influenza pandemic involving a new subtype of the virus ocurring during the next sunspot maximum (cycle 25) which is expected to occur during the years 2025 and 2026. We suggest strongly that preparatory action begins now, with a close monitoring of viral ingress into the stratosphere, as well as space weather monitoring using spacecraft resources
Secondary Central Nervous System Lymphoma as a Complication from a Systemic Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors:   Neurology Service, Central Hospital “Ignacio Morones Prieto”, San Luis Potosí, México, Ildefonso Rodríguez-Leyva , Damaris Vazquez-Guevara ,   Neurology Service, Central Hospital “Ignacio Morones Prieto”, San Luis Potosí, México
Published: November 2021

Secondary central nervous system lymphoma is a complication from non-Hodgkin lymphoma not very well known. NHL can present in a variety of neurological clinical presentations varying from primary central nervous system lymphoma to complications from a systemic disease like metastasis or peripheral nerve involvement. We present a case of a 78-year-old male with Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, treated with Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, and Prednisone. Six months later of the diagnosis, the patient presented to the emergency department, complaining of five days with progressive weakness in the left upper limb, and two days before the weakness developed in the left lower limb. On the neurologic examination with inattention, dysarthria, left central facial nerve palsy, severe weakness on the left hemibody with hyperreflexia, and left extensor plantar response. Brain Magnetic resonance imaging reported three metastatic lesions, with a final diagnosis of secondary central nervous system lymphoma.
A Review of Some Significant Breakthroughs in Textile Sutures for Ophthalmic Surgery
Authors:   Department of Costume Design and Fashion, Dr. SNS Rajalakshmi College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, India, Gokarneshan N , Ratna U ,   Department of Textiles and Clothing, Avinashilingam Deemed University Coimbatore, India
Published: November 2021

The article reviews some significant trends in textile sutures intended for use in ophthalmic surgery. Comparison has been made with rate and type of suture related complications between 10-0 monofilament nylon (Aurolab Nylon Sutures, double arm, Aurolab) and 10-0 polyglactin 910 sutures (Vicryl, single arm, Aurolab) for pediatric cataract surgery. It is a prospective, comparative study performed in children who underwent surgery for congenital or developmental cataract from March 2013 to February 2016. Patients underwent suturing with either nylon or Vicryl in unilateral cases, but in most bilateral surgeries, one eye received Vicryl sutures while the other eye received nylon. The sutures were compared for their complications and the need for suture removal. Also comparison has been made with regard to the clinical results of using silk versus nylon sutures for conjunctival autograft suturing in pterygium surgery. In this prospective, randomized, controlled, clinical trial 50 eyes from 50 patients with primary nasal pterygium were randomized to undergo pterygium surgery with the use of either nylon sutures or silk sutures for conjunctival autograft suturing. Patients were followed up for 6 months. Main outcome measures included recurrence, postoperative discomfort according to a visual analog scale (VAS), graft hyperemia, and graft edema.
Investigation of Major Ecto-Parasite Affecting Backyard Chicken in Bishoftu Town, Ethiopia
Authors:   College of Veterinary Medicine, Wollega University, P.O.Box 395, Nekemte, Ethiopia, Kebede Wangelu
Published: November 2021

Backyard poultry production are considered as sources of meat and egg production. However, Parasites are among the main pathogenic agents, threatening the health of poultry and poultry products. The current study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of ectoparasite of poultry managed under backyard system started from November 2019 to April 2020 in Bishoftu town, surroundings of four kebeles; Babogaya, Danbi, 01kebele and 05 kebele in Oromia region South east of Finfinnee. 384 chickens of different age groups, both sexes and breeds were examined. Overall, 228/384 (59.4%) of chickens were infested with species of ectoparasites that mainly grouped into lice 141(36.7%), flea 79 (20.6%), and mite 8(2.1%). The prevalence of ectoparasite infection was 56(14.6%), 51(13.3%), 58(15.1%) and 63(16.4)% in Bishoftu town, Babogaya, Danbi, 01kebele and 05 kebele respectively, the difference in the prevalence of the parasites among difference kebeles were not statistically significant (P>0.05). The prevalence of ectoparasites infestation was higher in male 128(33.33%) chickens than females 100(26.04%) and higher in adult 150 (39.1%) than young chicken 78 (20.3%), high in local breeds 129(33.6%) than exotic breed 99 (25.8%). Seven species were identified with their attachments site, namely; menacanthus stremineus(13.3%) was found on skin, menopon gallinae(12.5%) was found on skin, thigh, feather and breast, goniodes gigas(5.5%) was found on skin and body feather, gonicotes gallinae (2.9%) was found on feather, lipeurus caponus(2.6%) was found on wing, skin, tail feather and a single species of flea(Echidnophaga gallinacae) 20.6% was found on eye, comb and wattle. while a single species of mite (ornithonyssus sylviarum) 2.1% was found on base of feather particularly, the vent area. In conclusion, infestation of chicken with ectoparasites was important constraint in poultry production sector. Associated with lack of attention with respect to hygienic system, treatment and control practices. Based on the results it could be suggested that, good management, biosecurity and the education of farmers could be a vital measure to keep free from ectoparasites and improve the productivity of the chicken.
When the Unborn Meets Messrs’ Bolam and Bolitho
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Malta, Malta, Gregory Buttigieg George
Published: November 2021

The medico-legal world can no longer be kept at arms’ length by clinicians practising any medical specialty. This is of course particularly applicable to the world of caring for the unborn, one of the most disciplines which has and still does bear the brunt of Court litigation and crippling awarded quanta. The subject is analysed here with particular reference to medico-legal litigation particularly applicable to labour, the period of greatest legal vulnerability. Bringing in the analysis of the circumstances leading to intrapartum fatal damage and the scrutiny of available instruments of gauging fatal well-being such as electronic fatal monitoring, the complex situation is put under the lens of two major legal principles – those of the Bolam and Bolitho tests.
Computer Tomographic study of Anatomic Variations of Paranasal Sinuses in Libyan Population and their Clinical Correlation
Authors:   Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Benghazi, M R Hawla Hawa
Published: November 2021

Introduction: In the era of Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery, precise knowledge of paranasal sinus anatomy and variations are essential for the surgeon. The multi-slice computed tomography is the imaging modality of choice provides accurate evictions of the anatomy, the anatomical variants and the extent of the disease in paranasal sinuses, such a method allowing their accurate identification with high anatomical details. Some of these variants may predispose to sinus diseases or become of high risk for injuries and complication during surgical procedure, therefore, the study of anatomic variants of paranasal sinuses is important in the preoperative endoscopic surgery. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to assess the frequency of anatomic variants and their clinical importance. Materials and methods: This retrospective study was conducted at the Department of Radiology, Benghazi Medical Center, Benghazi, Libya. Data comprised the paranasal sinus computed images of 112 patients (46 males and 66 females) analyzed for the presence of anatomic variants and associated sinus pathology. Results: Our results showed that the most common anatomical variants was deviated nasal septum (60.7%) with slight higher incidence on left side, followed by concha bullosa (22.3%), other variants found were absent frontal sinus (18.8%), Nasal spur (14.3%) , Agger nasi cell (16.1%), Haller cell (5.4%), Onodi cell (2.7%), accessory ostia of maxillary sinuses (10.7%), accessory middle nasal concha (1.8%), paradoxical middle turbinate (1.8%), nasal septum pneumatization (5.4%), Crista galli pneumatization (2.7%), pneumatization of hard palate (1.8%) and pneumatization of clinoid process (6.3%). (53.6%) patients suffered from sinusitis, the results showed that the most common sinus involved was maxillary sinus. Conclusion: Anatomical variations of PNS are quite common. Analysis of every paranasal CT scan obtained for sinusitis for the presence of different anatomic variants is of questionable value unless endoscopic surgery is planned to reduce the risk of intraoperative complications.
Inflammatory Choroidal Neovascularisation
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Mahavir Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India, MS Priyanka , Kumar Amber ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Mahavir Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India
Published: November 2021

Inflammatory choroidal neovascularization is uncommon severe sight threatening complication of uveitis, more frequent in posterior uveitis. Hypoxia, release of vascular endothelial growth factor and other mediators seem to be involved in its pathogenesis. Multimodal imaging including the recent optical coherence tomography angiography greatly aid in diagnosis and management. Management of these neovascular membranes consists of anti-vascular growth factor agents, with or without concomitant anti-inflammatory and/or corticosteroid therapy. Besides effective eradication of inflammation in uveitis, the ideal therapeutic goal should include timely detection and treatment of inflammatory CNVM, as the ultimate visual outcome would depend on the control of both
Diabetic Retenopathy Management - A Case Study
Authors:   Karnataka State Rural Development & Panchayat Raj University (KSRDPRU) Gadag, 582101, Karnataka, India, Sakre Gouri
Published: November 2021

Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes, caused by high blood sugar levels damaging Retina. It usually takes several years for diabetic retinopathy to reach a stage where it could threaten the sight, if left undiagnosed and untreated. Starting with only a mild vision problem, retinopathy usually appears five years after a type 1 diabetes diagnosis. But it may already be present when type 2 diabetes is diagnosed. We present one such case in a lady of 38 years old, tailor by profession, diagnosed as Type 2 diabetes since 2019, suspected to have had proliferative diabetic retinopathy in January 2020, reported at a Medical College Hospital on 15th December 2020 with periorbital headache for fifteen days. Fundal examination revealed hard exudates and Neo vascularization in both eyes. She was advised Photocoagulation but after her blood sugar was controlled. In the meantime, she was advised to use Nepafenac eye suspension four times daily for pain and redness of the right eye. Investigations had revealed her RBS was 392mg/dl, for which a general physician (internal medicine) was consulted who put her Tab. Metformin 500mg 1-1-1 B/F, Tab. Teneligliptin 20mg 0-1-0 A/F. Unfortunately, 2 months of follow up and diabetes management did not allow her to be taken up for photocoagulation. The institution was firm on their decision to plan her laser photocoagulation for both eyes only when the blood sugar levels come to a range of 140 to 160mg/dl. On 26th March 2021, she was rushed to the Medical College hospital as she complained of loss of vision in the Right eye. The fundus examination revealed multiple dot and blot hemorrhages in both eyes, bleed in oculus dexter and oculus sinister, hard exudates in the right eye that needed Vitreoretinal surgery. Since the Medical College Hospital did not have the Vitreoretinal surgery facility, she was taken to a private dedicated eye hospital, where she underwent laser photocoagulation of left eye on 12/04/21 followed by Vitrectomy of right eye for proliferative diabetic retinopathy on 24th April 2021. There were no postoperative hemorrhages until three days or any other complications after surgery. Now she can recognize some shapes with her right eye by closing left eye.
Plasmacytoma of the Eyelid in an HIV-Positive Patient
Authors:   Department of Pathology, Ramadan Ali ,   Howard University Hospital, Washington, DC, Kassa Abiye ,   Department of Pathology; Howard University Hospital, Washington, DC
Published: November 2021

Extramedullary (extraosseous) plasmacytoma represents a rare disease that accounts for less 5% of plasma cell neoplasms. It commonly occurs in the upper respiratory tract, with 80% of cases involving the paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx, or nasal cavity. Plasmacytomas of the eyelid are very rare with only ten cases having been reported in the literature so far. We present the clinical and histopathologic findings from a case of plasmacytoma of the eyelid and discuss its histopathologic differential diagnoses. To our knowledge, this is the first case of plasmacytoma of the eyelid in an HIV-positive patient in the English literature