bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between ultrasound findings, tumor type, grade, and biological markers in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Elsaeid Yasmine Mohamed , Elmetwally Dina , Eteba Salwa Mohamed
Published: November 2019

Background

This prospective study included 65 female patients with primary breast cancer. Ultrasound was performed for all patients. Ultrasound findings were analyzed according to the ACR BI-RADS lexicon 5th edition and correlated with tumor type, grade, and biological markers (ER, PR, HER-2/neu, and Ki67). The purpose of this study is to assess the association between ultrasound findings, tumor type, grade, and the state of biological markers in patients with breast cancer.

Results

Irregular shape and speculated margins are more frequently associated with invasive duct carcinoma than DCIS (p value < 0.001). There were no association between the ultrasound findings (shape, margin, orientation, echopattern, and posterior features) and the tumor grade (p value 1.0, 0, 0.544, 1.0, and 1.0), respectively. Irregular shape is more frequently seen in ER and PR positive breast cancers (p value = 0.036 and 0.026, respectively). Non-circumscribed margins were frequently seen in PR positive breast cancers (p value = 0.068). No statistically significant difference between US descriptors and HER-2/neu-positive cases.

Conclusion

Irregularly shaped tumors with speculated margins are frequently seen in invasive duct carcinoma and also more frequently seen in ER-, PR-, and Ki67-positive cases. No relation between ultrasound descriptors and the tumor grade of invasive duct carcinoma. Also, there were no relation between ultrasound descriptors and the state of HER-2/neu.
Obstructive complications after pull-through for Hirschsprung’s disease: different causes and tailored management
Authors: Elsherbeny Mohammed , Abdelhay Sameh
Published: November 2019

Background

Most children have a successful outcome after a pull-through for Hirschsprung’s disease. Some may have persisting symptoms after the pull-through. They could be managed conservatively, need minor surgical procedures, or a redo pull-through will be required. In this study, we presented our results in the management of the obstructive complications after pull-through for Hirschsprung’s disease.

Results

During the specified time period from January 2011 to December 2015, 21 patients presented to our department with persistent constipation or recurrent enterocolitis after a pull-through for Hirschsprung’s disease. Their age ranged between 4 months and 5 years (mean 2 years, median 2.5 years). They were 13 males and 8 females. Eleven patients underwent initial trans-anal endorectal pull-through, 4 underwent Duhamel procedure, and 6 underwent abdominal Soave technique. Three of the 11 patients with initial trans-anal endorectal pull-through had a tight anastomotic stricture which responded well to dilatation, 2 had a long muscular cuff which was incised laparoscopically, 4 had spasm of the internal anal sphincter which was relieved by sphincterotomy, and 2 had residual aganglionosis which required a redo pull-through. Two of the 4 patients who underwent initial Duhamel procedure had a long spur which was divided using a stapler, and the other 2 patients had residual aganglionosis which required a redo pull-through. One of the 6 patients who underwent abdominal Soave technique developed a long tight stricture and required a redo pull-through; in 1 patient, biopsy confirmed hypoganglionosis of the whole colon and was managed medically, and 4 patients had spasm of the internal anal sphincter which was relieved in 1 of them by sphincterotomy and in 2 by botulinum toxin injection while the remaining patient did not improve by either sphincterotomy or botulinum toxin injection.

Conclusion

Persistent constipation or recurrent enterocolitis after pull-through for Hirschsprung’s disease should be managed according to the cause; they could be managed medically by simple surgical procedures, or a redo pull-through may be required.
Java in Discord
Authors: Wang Yuanfei
Published: November 2019

In the late sixteenth century, thriving private maritime trade brought forth maritime trouble to the late Ming state. In times of rampant “Japanese” piracy and Hideyoshi’s invasion of Korea, Chinese literati composed unofficial histories and vernacular fiction on China’s foreign relations. Among them, Yan Congjian 嚴從簡 wrote Shuyu zhouzi lu 殊域周咨錄 (Records of Surrounding Strange Realms) (1574), He Qiaoyuan 何喬遠 compiled Wang Xiangji 王享記 (Records of the Emperors’ Tributes) (1597–1620), Luo Yuejiong 羅曰褧 penned Xianbin lu 咸賓錄 (Records of Tributary Guests) (1597), and Luo Maodeng 羅懋登 composed a vernacular novel Sanbao taijian xiyangji tongsu yanyi 三寶太監西洋記通俗演義 (Vernacular Romance of Eunuch Sanbao’s Voyages on the Indian Ocean) (1598). This article examines how the imminent maritime realities reminded the late Ming authors of one cross-border war and two genocides in Java and Sanfoqi during Yuan and early and mid-Ming times. These transgressions that violated Chinese official tributary order became memorable and made Sino-Java relations a definite point of comparison for the late Ming maritime piracy problems. This article argues that the cultural memory of Sino-Java military and diplomatic exchange enabled the authors to lament and condemn the executed pirates Wang Zhi and Chen Zuyi. The four authors imbue their narratives with personal anxieties and nationalistic sentiments. While the historical narratives tend to moralize and idealize China’s tributary world order, the vernacular fiction paints a more realistic picture of the late Ming state by involving heterogeneous voices of the “other.” Collectively, the four narratives represent various images of the Ming Empire, revealing the authors’ deep apprehension of the Mings’ identity, their political criticism of the state, and their divergent and even self-conflicted views toward maritime commerce, immigrants, and people of different races.
Huang Wenshan and His Cosmopolitan Culturology
Authors: Wenshan Huang , Hsieh I-Yi
Published: November 2019

This translation introduces the life trajectory of Huang Wenshan—a first-generation Chinese anthropologist who received education from Columbia University in the 1920s—and his reflections on the anarchist wing within Chiang Kai-shek’s Kuomingtang. Drawing on Huang’s semibiographical writing, published in 1983, about this anarchist network, the translated text centers on the event of the death of Wu Zhihui—another famed anarchist intellectual—which had evoked much discussion and correspondence among intellectuals in the circle. The text particularly shows Huang and his fellow anarchists’ struggle to redeem a sense of cosmopolitanism while their lives are engulfed by the turmoil of international and civil wars.

Against the backdrop of war, the translation further contextualizes Huang’s historical shift from anarchist politics to his focus on developing a unique theory of “culturology” since the outbreak of the Mukden Incident in 1931. This theory considers “culture” as central to constructing a new kind of cosmopolitanism, with which a commensurability can be achieved for all nations. Given the invaluable personal letters exchanged among the anarchists, annotated by Huang, this translated text provides insights into the “culture turn” among many Chinese anarchists in the wake of the Sino-Japanese Wars.
Does the use of nest materials in a ground-nesting bird result from a compromise between the risk of egg overheating and camouflage?
Authors: Gómez Jesús , Liñán-Cembrano Gustavo , Ramo Cristina , Castro Macarena , Pérez-Hurtado Alejandro , Amat Juan A.
Published: November 2019

Many studies addressing the use of nest materials by animals have focused on only one factor to explain its function. However, the consideration of more than one factor could explain the apparently maladaptive choice of nest materials that makes the nests conspicuous to predators. We experimentally tested whether there is a trade-off in the use of nest materials between the risks of egg predation versus protection from overheating. We studied the ground-nesting Kentish plover, Charadrius alexandrinus, in southern Spain. We added materials differing in their thermal properties and coloration to the nests, thus affecting rates of egg heating and nest temperature and camouflage. Before these manipulations, adults selected materials that were lighter than the microhabitat, probably to buffer the risk of egg overheating. However, the adults did not keep the lightest experimental materials, probably because they reduced camouflage, and this could make the nests to be even more easily detectable by predators. In all nests, adults removed most of the experimental materials independently of their properties, so that egg camouflage returned to the original situation within a week of the experimental treatments. Although the thermal environment may affect the choice of nest materials by the plovers, the ambient temperatures were not too high at our study site as to determine the acceptance of the lightest experimental materials.
Pineal progenitors originate from a non-neural territory limited by FGF signalling
Authors: Staudt Nicole , Giger Florence A. , Fielding Triona , Hutt James A. , Foucher Isabelle , Snowden Vicky , Hellich Agathe , Kiecker Clemens , Houart Corinne
Published: November 2019

The embryonic development of the pineal organ, a neuroendocrine gland on top of the diencephalon, remains enigmatic. Classic fate-mapping studies suggested that pineal progenitors originate from the lateral border of the anterior neural plate. We show here, using gene expression and fate mapping/lineage tracing in zebrafish, that pineal progenitors originate, at least in part, from the non-neural ectoderm. Gene expression in chick indicates that this non-neural origin of pineal progenitors is conserved in amniotes. Genetic repression of placodal, but not neural crest, cell fate results in pineal hypoplasia in zebrafish, while mis-expression of transcription factors known to specify placodal identity during gastrulation promotes the formation of ectopic pineal progenitors. We also demonstrate that fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) position the pineal progenitor domain within the non-neural border by repressing pineal fate and that the Otx transcription factors promote pinealogenesis by inhibiting this FGF activity. The non-neural origin of the pineal organ reveals an underlying similarity in the formation of the pineal and pituitary glands, and suggests that all CNS neuroendocrine organs may require a non-neural contribution to form neurosecretory cells.
The balance of forces generated by kinesins controls spindle polarity and chromosomal heterogeneity in tetraploid cells
Authors: Shu Sei , Iimori Makoto , Wakasa Takeshi , Ando Koji , Saeki Hiroshi , Oda Yoshinao , Oki Eiji , Maehara Yoshihiko
Published: November 2019

Chromosomal instability, one of the most prominent features of tumour cells, causes aneuploidy. Tetraploidy is thought to be an intermediate on the path to aneuploidy, but the mechanistic relationship between the two states is poorly understood. Here, we show that spindle polarity (e.g. bipolarity or multipolarity) in tetraploid cells depends on the level of functional phosphorylated Eg5, a mitotic kinesin, localised to the spindle. Multipolar spindles are formed in cells with high levels of phosphorylated Eg5. This process is suppressed by inhibition of Eg5 or expression of a non-phosphorylatable Eg5 mutant, as well as by changing the balance between opposing forces required for centrosome separation. Tetraploid cells with high levels of functional Eg5 give rise to a heterogeneous aneuploid population through multipolar division, whereas cells with low levels of functional Eg5 continue to undergo bipolar division and remain tetraploid. Furthermore, Eg5 protein levels correlate with ploidy status in tumour specimens. We provide a novel explanation for the tetraploid intermediate model, i.e. spindle polarity and subsequent tetraploid cell behaviour are determined by the balance of forces generated by mitotic kinesins at the spindle.
Kinetic Analysis of Enantioselective Hydrogenation of 2,3-(E)-Diarylpropenoic Acids over a Chiral Cinchona Alkaloid-Modified Pd/C Catalyst
Authors: Kim Bokeun , Nakatsuji Makoto , Mameda Takuya , Kubota Takeshi , Fujita Morifumi , Sugimura Takashi , Okamoto Yasuaki
Published: November 2019

Enantioselective hydrogenations of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids over cinchona alkaloid-modified Pd metal heterogeneous catalysts have received considerable attention because of scientific importance in molecular recognition catalysis as well as feasibility of industrial applications. In the present study, comprehensive kinetic analysis of the hydrogenation was conducted to disclose the crucial kinetic parameters controlling enantiodifferentiation and reaction rate with the combinations of four kinds of modifier and three kinds of substrate. Despite simplicity of the kinetic model, the present novel kinetic formulation allows us to describe the enantioselectivity as a function of modifier concentration, to estimate intrinsic enantioselectivity at the modified sites, to estimate respective reaction rates at the modified and unmodified sites, and to establish a correlation between the magnitude of ligand acceleration and kinetic parameters. The enantioselectivity is successfully correlated to the reaction rate. The adsorption strength of the modifier on Pd is suggested to decrease in the order, cinchonidine > cinchonine > quinine > quinidine. The roles played by benzylammine and the observed decrease in the selectivity at a high modifier concentration are also discussed. The kinetic model and formulation can be applied to analyze the catalytic behaviors and performance of Pt counterparts.
Next-generation sequencing of microbial cell-free DNA for rapid noninvasive diagnosis of infectious diseases in immunocompromised hosts
Authors: Camargo Jose F. , Ahmed Asim A. , Lindner Martin S. , Morris Michele I. , Anjan Shweta , Anderson Anthony D. , Prado Clara E. , Dalai Sudeb C. , Martinez Octavio V. , Komanduri Krishna V.
Published: November 2019

Background: Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) sequencing has emerged as an effective laboratory method for rapid and noninvasive diagnosis in prenatal screening testing, organ transplant rejection screening, and oncology liquid biopsies but clinical experience for use of this technology in diagnostic evaluation of infections in immunocompromised hosts is limited. 

Methods: We conducted an exploratory study using next-generation sequencing (NGS) for detection of microbial cfDNA in a cohort of ten immunocompromised patients with febrile neutropenia, pneumonia or intra-abdominal infection. 

Results: Pathogen identification by cfDNA NGS demonstrated positive agreement with conventional diagnostic laboratory methods in 7 (70%) cases, including patients with proven/probable invasive aspergillosis, Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia bacteremia, Cytomegalovirus and Adenovirus viremia. NGS results were discordant in 3 (30%) cases including two patients with culture negative sepsis who had undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplant in whom cfDNA testing identified the etiological agent of sepsis; and one kidney transplant recipient with invasive aspergillosis who had received >6 months of antifungal therapy prior to NGS testing.

Conclusion: These observations support the clinical utility of measurement of microbial cfDNA sequencing from peripheral blood for rapid noninvasive diagnosis of infections in immunocompromised hosts. Larger studies are needed.
Social and cultural factors perpetuating early marriage in rural Gambia: an exploratory mixed methods study
Authors: Lowe Mat , Joof Mamsamba , Rojas Bomar Mendez
Published: November 2019

Background: Over the last two decades, early marriage in the Gambia declined significantly (from 58% to 30%). Yet evidence indicates that nearly 8.6% of marriages in the Gambia involved girls younger than 15, and 46.5% of marriages are with girls aged 18 or below. The reasons for the decline but continuing practice of early marriage, despite existing legislation prohibiting child marriage, are not very well understood. Very few studies have been conducted to find out what and how local factors influence decisions about early marriage in the Gambia. More information is therefore needed on underlying reasons for the persistence of early marriage in the Gambia so that program managers can use this information to design strategies towards accelerating the decline of early marriages. 

Methods: The study was conducted in 24 rural settlements in Lower Baddibu District in the North Bank Region of the Gambia. It was based on a mixed-methods design including a cross-sectional household survey with a sample of 181 female adolescents and focus group discussions with 16 male and female parents.

Focus group discussions were digitally-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic content analysis, while survey data were analyzed using Stata.

Results: Using multiple regression analysis, this study found that ethnicity more than other factors, exerts an independent effect on early marriage. Themes identified during focus group discussions also revealed that fear of premarital sex and loss of virginity outside marriage were major reasons for the perpetuation of early marriage.

Conclusions: These findings suggest that the practice of early marriage in rural Gambia is associated with ethnicity and practices related to social and cultural norms. The findings also suggest that in order to decrease early marriages, future efforts should focus on allaying the fears around premarital sex and loss of virginity related to delay in marriage.
Is diabetes associated with malaria and malaria severity? A systematic review of observational studies
Authors: Carrillo-Larco Rodrigo M. , Altez-Fernandez Carlos , Ugarte-Gil Cesar
Published: November 2019

Background: We conducted a systematic review to study the association between diabetes and malaria as well as malaria severity.

Methods: The search was conducted in Embase, Global Health, MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science. Titles and abstracts were screened, full-text studied and information extracted for qualitative synthesis. Risk of bias was assessed with ROBINS-I criteria. The exposure was diabetes and the outcome malaria or malaria severity.

Results: Of 1992 results, three studies were included (n=7,226). Two studies found strong associations: people with diabetes had higher odds of malaria (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.46 (95% CI: 1.06-2.03)) and severe malaria (aOR: 2.98 (95% CI: 1.25-7.09)). One study did not find conclusive evidence: aOR for severe malaria was 0.95 (95% CI: 0.71-1.28). Risk of bias was high in all the studies.

Conclusions: Although the available evidence on the association between diabetes and malaria is limited, the results may suggest there is a non-trivial positive relationship between these conditions.
Flaw Detector A1550 IntroVisor for Testing of Non-Standard Welding Joint
Authors: Мелешко Наталия , Meleshko Nataliya , Газизова Гульфира , Gazizova Gulphira , Абраменко Денис , Abramenko Denis , Марьин Максим , Mariin Maksim , Коннова Екатерина , Konnova Ekaterina
Published: November 2019

The purpose of article is the measurement of the actual sizes, not the equivalent, of the reflectors at ultrasonic testing of welded joints by flaw detector A1550 IntroVisor.
EXPERIMENTAL UNITS FOR DETERMINING THE CONDITIONS OF IMPLEMENTING COANDA AIR JETS
Authors: Семиненко Артем , Seminenko Artem
Published: November 2019

The Coanda effect has become widely used in ventilation, power engineering and aviation. This paper is devoted to experimental installations for determining the conditions for implementing two-dimensional and three-dimensional, plane and axisymmetric Coanda flows. The main prerequisites and results of the research are presented, including the foreign (Newman B.G., Carpenter P.W., Bradshaw P., Patankar U.M., etc.) and domestic (Sokolova I.N., Zhuleva Yu.G., Kvashnina I.M. et al.) researchers. In view of these, a laboratory bench was designed to test the efficiency of the device for reducing dust formation during the loading of bulk materials. The response function and the factors influencing the implementation of the Coanda effect in the formation of a fan jet in the approximate technological conditions of the pneumatic transport loading of bins with powder materials have been determined, and a plan for a multifactor experiment has been compiled. The results of a searching experiment confirming the operability of the proposed device and the need for further studies of design-mode characteristics are presented.
BELGOROD CITY MANSIONS OF THE XVIII CENTURY
Authors: Колесникова Л. , Kolesnikova Lyudmila , Семенцов С. , Semencov S.
Published: November 2019

The article deals with the historical aspects of the appearance of a new urban development policy in Russia at the turn of the 17th and 18th centuries during the reign of Peter the Great, due to the fact that this era was the turning point in the history of Russian town-planning. In the interests of the state the urban policy was carried out, which was intended to provide the necessary fire-prevention and sanitary measures. The article describes the construction in Belgorod according to a new regular plan in 1768, designed by the architect A.V. Kvasov. It analyzes the architecture of the extant stone-built city manor buildings through the example of the House of merchant Selivanov – a remarkable architectural monument of urban homesteads, having no counterparts in the city, and the House of the noblewoman Rebinina. The compositional aspects of "exemplary" designs for houses in the end of the 18th century are considered.
SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE CREATION OF MULTI-PURPOSE NEEDLE-MILLING SHREDDERS
Authors: Севостьянов В.С. , Sevost'yanov Vladimir , Сиваченко Татьяна , Sivachenko Tat'yana , Севостьянов М.В. , Sevost'yanov Maksim , Горягин Павел , Goryagin Pavel , Бабуков Владимир , Babukov Vladimir
Published: November 2019

At present, the amounts of technogenic materials are constantly increasing. Therefore, the urgent tasks are the comprehensive processing and recycling of solid industrial and household wastes. In most cases, the process of grinding is one of the energy-intensive stages of technogenic materials processing. The possibility of manufacturing products from recycled wastes and the application area of secondary raw materials depend on the degree of grinding. Involving into technological use a large number of anisotropic and hard-processing materials requires the implementation of new types of shredders. One of them is needle-milling machines, the creation of which requires the development of both their designs and the calculation and designing methods which would take into account the physical-mechanical properties of the processed technogenic materials. For this purpose, a necessary set of studies was performed and their application was substantiated.
Ethanol combined with coil embolisation for the treatment of arteriovenous malformations in a patient with Parkes Weber syndrome
Authors: Zhao Q , Liu Lian , Liao Z , Pan Y , Liu Jingyan , Jiang X
Published: November 2019

Parkes Weber syndrome is a rare congenital condition of the vascular system with severe symptoms and life-threatening complications. The challenge is to manage the arteriovenous malformations, and there is no consensus on optimal treatment. We report the case of an 18-year-old woman with Parkes Weber syndrome who was treated with ethanol combined with coil embolisation at an early stage. After two sessions of embolisation, a significant devascularisation was achieved. No sign of recurrence was observed two years after the initial procedure. The patient’s symptoms and signs were greatly relieved during the follow-up period. This case raises awareness of Parkes Weber syndrome and highlights the importance of timely intervention, as well as offering a promising therapeutic option for this condition.
Nest Association between Camponotus fallax (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and Vespa crabro (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in Central Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Mora-Rubio Carlos , Pérez-Bote José Luis , Muriel Jaime
Published: November 2019

Because social wasps often defend their nests by inflicting painful stings or bites, some animals associate with them looking for protection against potential predators. Some neotropical vespids are known to maintain associations with other insect and vertebrate taxa, such as birds and bats, however there are not previous records about associations between ants and hornets in Europe. In this study, we reported the first case of association between the arboreal ant Camponotus fallax and the European hornet Vespa crabro in Europe. The observations were made in Central Spain, where two colonies of C. fallax were found in two different avian nest-boxes inhabited by V. crabro when spotless starlings finished their breeding season. The reasons of this possible association are also discussed.
História do Autismo: Compreensões Iniciais / The History of Autism: Initial Understandings
Authors: Evêncio Kátia Maria De Moura , Fernandes George Pimentel
Published: November 2019

Para sustentar as discussões e buscas por estratégias de ensino aos alunos com autismo, se faz indispensável compreender o que é este transtorno e como foi “descoberto” o primeiro diagnóstico. Saber da história deste transtorno nos faz refletir acerca do desenvolvimento integral das pessoas que o tem, bem como nos auxilia a compreender a luta das famílias em prol da qualidade de vida dessas pessoas. Também, saber o que é o autismo permite-nos encarar a pessoa que o tem em sua plenitude, ao invés de limitarmos nosso olhar apenas para a sua condição específica podendo resultar em discriminação e preconceitos. Por esta razão, o presente artigo de revisão se trata de um recorte de uma pesquisa maior e definiu como objetivo central Conhecer a história do autismo visando compreender como foram diagnosticados os primeiros casos e como estes embasam os conhecimentos científicos na atualidade. Assim, dentre os teóricos que respaldam a presente revisão, destacam-se Donvan & Zucker (2017). O desenvolvimento está dividido em duas sessões a saber: A história do autismo: compreensões iniciais; e O que causa o autismo? O público alvo para esta leitura são profissionais da educação, familiares de pessoas com autismo e profissionais da área de saúde e reabilitação cognitiva. Espera-se que os conhecimentos aqui expostos possam contribuir e por se tratar de recorte de uma pesquisa maior a nível de mestrado, há continuidade deste conteúdo.
Ações de Capacitação de Servidores em uma Instituição Pública de Ensino Superior: O Caso da Universidade Federal do Cariri / Server Training Actions in a Public Higher Education Institution: The Case of the Federal University of Cariri
Authors: Soares Maria Alinele Lucena , Feitosa Lilian Cavalcante , Melo Sabrina Suerli Lucena , Luiz I João , Souza Francisca Cristiane Gomes de , Brito Kátia Daniele Dutra , Oliveira Gislene Farias de
Published: November 2019

O capital humano de uma instituição, é considerado um dos componentes mais importantes quando se trata de instituições de ensino superior, pois eles são os principais responsáveis pelo seu funcionamento. Daí, é imprescindível que seja gerido por profissionais críticos, reflexivos e conscientes sobre a melhor forma de atuação, para que seja possível alcançar as metas institucionais. O objetivo do presente estudo é analisar a oferta de ações de capacitação e o alcance do público-alvo na Universidade Federal do Cariri – UFCA, no período de 2017 a 2018. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, documental, retrospectivo e quantitativo, baseado em arquivos da Coordenadoria de Desenvolvimento de Pessoal da Pró-Reitoria de Gestão de Pessoas desta Instituição de Ensino Superior. Os resultados revelam uma oferta decrescente de ações no período investigado. No entanto, apresenta um índice de participantes concludentes crescente e um índice de evasão linear. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o quantitativo de ações de capacitação não foi um fator determinante para o alcance do público-alvo, podendo-se inferir que o crescente número de participantes concludentes se deu em virtude de uma aproximação entre o alinhamento do planejamento estratégico das ações de capacitação com as necessidades dos servidores participantes.
Odontologia Minimamente Invasiva, uma Análise sobre Facetas Cerâmicas: Revisão de Literatura / Minimally Invasive Dentistry, an Analysis of Ceramic Veneers: Literature Review
Authors: Almeida Erich Silva , Rocha Bruno Bomfim , Carvalho Felipe Rocha , Leão Pablo Caique Neves , Silva Matheus Jacobina Andrade e
Published: November 2019

O presente estudo teve por objetivo realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre a odontologia minimamente invasiva, abordando uma análise sobre facetas em cerâmica. Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura baseada em artigos científicos sobre a Odontologia minimamente invasiva, facetas indiretas. Foram pesquisados estudos que tenham relação com o tema proposto. Para a pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada via internet, utilizando a ferramenta de busca Google Acadêmico e outras três bases de dado eletrônicas Pubmed, Google Scholar e Lilacs, nos quais foram utilizados os artigos científicos publicados nos últimos 05 anos. Os desgastes para o preparo dentário das facetas laminadas são menores quando comparados ao das coroas totais, devendo ser mais profundos conforme o grau de escurecimento do dente, com isso a indicação do clareamento dental prévio visa um melhor resultado para um desgaste menos invasivo. Portanto, o facetamento indireto tem se mostrado eficiente e é atualmente considerado o tratamento de eleição para caso de dentes muito escurecidos e amplamente restaurados.
Clinical application experience of asfotase alfa for a young patient with childhood hypophosphatasia
Authors: Kalinchenko Nataliya Y. , Golounina Olga O. , Grebennikova Tatiana A. , Melnichenko Galina A. , Tiulpakov Anatoly N. , Belaya Zhanna E.
Published: November 2019

Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is a rare hereditary metabolic disease characterized by defective bone and dental mineralization, systemic complications that lead to disability of patients. HPP is classified into six forms according to the age of onset and severity of its clinical picture. The disease is caused by a reduced activity of the tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP) and elevated concentrations of pyrophosphates. Asfotase alfa is the only pathogenetic enzyme replacement therapy with recombinant human bone-targeted TNSALP approved for treatment of patients with perinatal, infantile and juvenile‐onset HPP. This treatment is associated with improved skeletal mineralization, respiratory function and overall survival in infants and young children with life-threatening hypophosphatasia. The world experience in application of recombinant alkaline phosphatase in adults is very limited. We present a clinical case that describes the first Russian experience in the use of asfotase alfa in an 18-year-old patient with late diagnosis of childhood-onset HPP.
Evaluation of diagnostic potential of the collagen osteogenesis marker (P1NP) compared with osteocalcin in Cushing’s disease
Authors: Tsoriev Timur T. , Belaya Zhanna E. , Rozhinskaya Lyudmila Y. , Nikankina Larisa V.
Published: November 2019

Background: Secondary osteoporosis is a significant problem, especially in patients with endocrine pathology, which is not accompanied constantly by distinct clinical symptoms. Markers of bone origin are needed, which could be used in osteoporosis diagnosis to clarify its genesis, especially in young people who have secondary osteoporosis more often than older patients. In Cushings disease (CD), such a marker, in addition to osteocalcin, could be another bone formation marker, procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP).
Aims: To study the diagnostic potential of P1NP as an additional marker of endogenous hypercortisolism (Cushings disease) compared to osteocalcin.
Materials and methods: The study involved patients with Cushings disease and healthy volunteers, matched by gender, age, and body mass index. The levels of osteocalcin and P1NP were assessed in both groups, the electrochemiluminescence method for P1NP (Cobas e411 (Roche, Switzerland)) and for osteocalcin (Cobas 6000 Module e601 (Roche, Switzerland)) was used. ROC analysis was performed with the calculation of sensitivity and specificity of the method to determine the cut-off point for P1NP in CD diagnosis.
Results: 29 patients with Cushings disease and 27 healthy individuals from the control group were included in the study. There were no differences in age, sex and body mass index (p = 0.488, 0.426 and 0.531, respectively). Both studied bone formation markers (osteocalcin and P1NP) were reduced in patients with CD: 8.53 ng/ml (Q25%;Q75% 5.40; 12.41) versus 22.45 ng/ml (Q25%;Q75% 17.36; 26.31) (p 0.001) and 28.50 ng/ml (Q25%;Q75% 18.00; 44.00) versus 56.50 ng/ml (Q25%;Q75% 39.50; 65.50) (p 0.001), respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.808 (95% CI 0.6930.924) for P1NP and 0.925 (95% CI 0.8570.992) for osteocalcin, that indicates the greater diagnostic value of osteocalcin for CD verification in healthy controls. Optimal cut-off points were obtained: 53.4 ng/ml (values below are more typical for patients with CD; sensitivity of the method is 96.55%, specificity 57.69%) for P1NP and 15.285 ng/ml (below for patients with CD; sensitivity was 92.59%, specificity 77.78 %) for osteocalcin.
Conclusions: The diagnostic potential of osteocalcin to detect Cushings disease in the population is higher compared to P1NP. However, applying of P1NP can be useful because, unlike osteocalcin, it is a direct indicator of the formation of bone matrix collagen structures, that is important for assessing the degree of inhibition of collagen type 1 synthesis in CD and deterioration of bone tissue due to glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.
El México de Orlando Ribeiro: cuaderno de campo, fotografías y textos relativos a la Conferencia Regional Latinoamericana de la Unión Geográfica Internacional de 1966
Authors: Roque de Oliveira Francisco
Published: November 2019

El geógrafo portugués Orlando Ribeiro participó en la Conferencia Regional Latinoamericana de la Unión Geográfica Internacional (UGI), que se realizó en México en 1966, para la cual preparó una comunicación acerca de paisajes rurales comparados de América. Su participación en las diversas actividades y excursiones programadas por la conferencia, así como los viajes complementarios que hizo en este país, dieron origen a un cuaderno de campo inédito que presentamos en este texto. En paralelo, sintetizamos el extenso acopio fotográfico producido en este viaje, al igual que los principales trabajos posteriores en los cuales Ribeiro incorporó su aprendizaje de la geografía mexicana, los cuales incidieron en la fisionomía de los paisajes agrícolas, así como en algunas de las características fundamentales de las ciudades y del urbanismo de los países iberoamericanos. Este conjunto de documentos escritos e iconográficos constituyeron un testimonio muy relevante de la geografía tropical de paradigma vidaliano concretizada por la “escuela geográfica de Lisboa”, al mismo tiempo que representa un excelente ejemplo de la práctica de una geografía fuertemente cimentada en el trabajo de campo, tal como Orlando Ribeiro efectuaba a partir del modelo propuesto por la escuela francesa de geografía. La lectura del cuaderno de campo de México y de los textos de Ribeiro posteriores a este viaje constituyen también indicios fundamentales para la reconstrucción de las principales redes de sociabilidad científica del geógrafo portugués, en las cuales Brasil y los geógrafos brasileños constituyen una pieza fundamental.
La titulación a debate: aportes de medio siglo de regularización de la tenencia de la tierra en asentamientos informales en México
Authors: Varley Ann
Published: November 2019

Existe una extensa bibliografía en contra del otorgamiento de títulos de propiedad en los asentamientos informales. Una inquietud es que dicho otorgamiento conlleva la mercantilización y el desplazamiento de los habitantes originales impulsado por el mercado. Otra es que propaga la ideología de la propiedad privada, socava la solidaridad colectiva y desmoviliza los movimientos sociales. Este artículo, basado en observaciones realizadas en la Ciudad de México y Guadalajara, reporta poca evidencia de desplazamiento, pero resalta la importancia de la ubicación. Apoya la opinión de que la formalización mina la resistencia, pero argumenta que la concesión de títulos de propiedad lo logra al satisfacer, más que generar, el anhelo de los pobres de las zonas urbanas de poseer propiedad privada y su propia vivienda.
Experiência docente no Ensino Fundamental I: um olhar para as contribuições de uma Feira de Ciências na alfabetização científica
Authors: VITTORAZZI DAYVISSON LUIS , TESTA BRAZ DA SILVA ALCINA MARIA
Published: November 2019

No presente texto apresentamos o relato de nossa experiência de trabalho com Feira de Ciências, realizada no ano de 2018, em uma escola municipal de Ensino Fundamental do estado do Espírito Santo. O evento se efetivou mediante o desenvolvimento de atividades que incentivaram a problematização de temas cotidianos e o estabelecimento de investigações sobre alimentação, com um grupo de vinte e cinco alunos do 4° ano dessa etapa da Educação Básica. Foi possível notar, de maneira positiva, o envolvimento dos alunos com as atividades, que lhes permitiram a aquisição de conceitos científicos, a participação em discussões, a argumentação de posicionamentos e a concretização de ações científicas. Assumimos, nessa tarefa, o papel de mediadores, o que exigiu esforços no sentido de reestruturar práticas e posturas pedagógicas por meio de reflexões críticas acerca do ensino tradicionalmente aplicado.
Processos e Práticas de Alfabetização
Authors: Campos Elisabete F. E. , Grava Andreia de Souza
Published: November 2019

Este artigo refere-se à pesquisa qualitativa, com o objetivo de identificar os fatores presentes nos processos e práticas de alfabetização em uma escola de tempo integral de um município da Grande São Paulo. A política de tempo integral requer investimento em alfabetização, que ocorre de forma particular nas diferentes redes e escolas, o que levou a essa investigação, entrevistando a coordenadora pedagógica e professores que atuam nos três primeiros anos do ensino fundamental. As manifestações dos entrevistados, analisadas com base em teóricos da área, especialmente Freire e Ferreiro, revelaram que ainda predomina a compreensão da alfabetização como ensino de código considerado pré-requisito para o letramento, e não há trabalho coletivo para problematizar essa concepção, que se afasta dos teóricos referidos. Excluir docentes dos debates sobre políticas educacionais, somando-se à ausência de estudos teóricos articulados com as análises e reflexões de suas práticas, pode contribuir com dificuldades nos processos de alfabetização e levar à reprovação de estudantes. Nos destaques finais, apontamos os descompassos das políticas e as diretrizes anunciadas pelo atual governo, preocupado em eliminar a ideologia na educação e implantar o método fônico.
Unidades de Conservação e o território no Brasil: estudos de caso em quatro biomas
Authors: Tofeti Alexandre Resende , Campos Neio Lúcio de Oliveira
Published: November 2019

Quais são as transformações nos usos do território que uma Unidade de Conservação (UC) promove no Brasil? Essa é a questão instigadora desse artigo. A se considerar que as UCs dos diferentes entes federados perfazem uma considerável extensão do território nacional, essa questão ganha pertinência e complexidade, pois o sistema brasileiro define doze categorias de UCs diferentes com um rol de permissões e proibições distintos para cada uma. Conjuga-se a essa complexidade um território com uma diversidade de situações resultado da sua formação histórica. Selecionou-se em quatro biomas (Mata Atlântica, Cerrado, Caatinga e Amazônia) 20 UCs para estudos de caso, conjugando a realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com atores chaves e observações de campo ao acionamento das categorias analíticas Formação Socioespacial e Território Usado. À guisa de conclusão, afirma-se nesse artigo que as transformações nos usos do território promovidas pelas UCs são tributárias de quatro variáveis principais: historicidade dos usos do território, adensamento populacional, complementaridade com interesses econômicos e as condições ambientais. A conjugação dessas variáveis em cada território irá condicionar o tipo de transformação dos usos do território que uma UC promove.
Topology Analysis of iBGP Confederation Case : Indonesia Research and Education Network (IdREN)
Authors: Lahusen Irwin Wijaya , Widyawan Widyawan , Kusumawardani Sri Suning
Published: November 2019

Implementation of the BGP Confederation topology scenario, found a number of new facts that influence the final decision making for BGP network managers. In previous studies it has been mentioned a number of factors that influence QoS from a topology scheme, among others, the number of Sub AS and the number of routers that make up the iBGP topology. In this study, a number of scenarios were developed by giving variants to bandwidth parameters and adding measurement parameters to Lost Datagram in all scenarios. The results obtained are quite significant, affecting QoS and finding a number of new facts related to the effect of using traffic generators. This research was tested on the Indonesia Research and Education Network (IdREN) network using GNS3.
MENERJEMAHKAN KEADILAN DALAM PUTUSAN HAKIM
Authors: Yunanto Yunanto
Published: November 2019

Keadilan adalah titik sentral dalam hukum. Keadilan ini harus dibaca dalam keputusan hakim. Tidak mudah menerjemahkan keadilan dari keputusan hakim. Praktik peradilan berdasarkan paradigma positivisme selalu menghasilkan keputusan yang mengandung keadilan prosedural (keadilan normatif). Ini karena hukum dilihat sebagai bangunan normatif. Dalam keadilan prosedural dapat mengandung keadilan aktual (substansial) atau hanya keadilan prosedural dengan memarginalkan keadilan substansial. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memahami upaya menerjemahkan keadilan dalam putusan hakim, sebagai upaya untuk memahami hakikat hukum.
Struktur Dan Makna Sufiks ~Gatai Dalam Kalimat Bahasa Jepang
Authors: Rosliana Lina , Lathifah Fida Nurrany
Published: November 2019

(Title: Structure and Meaning of Suffix ~Gatai in Japanese Sentences) suffix ~gatai is a suffix that attached to verbs. This research aims to describe the structure and meaning of suffix ~gatai. The data which is used is obtained from the websites, such as yourei.jp, kotonoha.gr.jp, and other sites that contained research topics. The data were collected by observation method and writing technique. Then for data analysis using agih method. The results of the analysis are presented by the informal method which explained with simple words. Based on the results of the analysis, suffix ~gatai can be attached to 3 categories of verbs (1) kanyouku or idiom, (2) ninshiki or cognitive verbs, and (3) hatsugen or verbal verbs. 2 meanings contain suffix ~gatai in Japanese sentences, (1) cannot be realized or something can't happen, and (2) not accepting an agreement.
PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PROGRAM NEIGHBORHOOD UPGRADING AND SHELTER PROJECT PHASE-2 (NUSP-2) DI KELURAHAN KUNINGAN, KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Pawestri Cyndiana , Muktiali Mohammad
Published: November 2019

Program Neighborhood Upgrading and Shelter Project Phase-2 (NUSP-2) merupakan salah satu program penanganan kawasan permukiman kumuh diperkotaan dengan tujuan untuk mewujudkan lingkungan permukiman yang lebih layak huni dan berkelanjutan. Program ini dilaksanakan melalui kemitraan pemerintah, masyarakat dan swasta. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis partisipasi masyarakat dalam penanganan permukiman kumuh pada program NUSP-2. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data kuesioner, wawancara, observasi dan studi pustaka. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis skoring, deskriptif kuantitatif dan tabulasi silang. Teknik sampling dalam penelitian ini yaitu non-probability sampling dengan teknik purposive sampling. Bentuk partisipasi yang paling dominan adalah buah pikiran berupa sumbangan ide, saran serta kritik dan sumbangan barang berupa konsumsi. Tingkat partisipasi masyarakat secara keseluruhan berada pada tingkat informasi. Faktor yang mempengaruhi partisipasi masyarakat yaitu faktor internal, eksternal dan psikologis individu. Berdasarkan analsis tabulasi silang ditemukan bahwa faktor internal, eksternal dan psikologis individu yang mempengaruhi bentuk dan tingkat partisipasi.
TRANSFORMASI SOSIO-SPASIAL KAWASAN PECINAN KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Debby Tiara Rizkyvea , Dewi Santy Paulla
Published: November 2019

Kawasan Pecinan adalah kawasan cagar budaya yang sejak awal terbentuknya di abad ke 18 hingga saat ini didominasi oleh kegiatan perdagangan dan jasa. Di sisi lain, terjadi penurunan jumlah penduduk yang cukup signifikan selama 7 tahun terakhir. Singkatnya, transformasi demografi dan ekonomi mengakibatkan perubahan pola pemanfaatan ruang fungsional dan dikhawatirkan dapat mempengaruhi nilai budaya kawasan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis transformasi sosio-spasial Kawasan Pecinan Kota Semarang yang direncanakan sebagai salah satu lokasi wisata budaya. Metode kualitatif digunakan untuk menjelaskan fenomena yang terjadi sehingga dapat memahami isu-isu perkembangan kawasan Pecinan. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa tingkat migrasi masyarakat relatif tinggi yang disebabkan oleh peningkatan aktivitas berdagang. Peningkatan aktvitas ini mempengaruhi kondisi fisik kawasan seperti pemanfaatan lahan dan fungsi bangunan. Namun demikian, perubahan fasade bangunan tidak banyak berubah, sehingga pola permukiman eksisting dapat dikatakan mengalami transformasi minor. Faktor kepercayaan dan memegang teguh prinsip adat juga melatarbelakangi masyarakat tetap mempertahankan desain bangunannya. Oleh karena itu, citra kawasan Pecinan sebagai kawasan cagar budaya tetap terjaga
PERANCANGAN SISTEM PAKAR PENYAKIT RHINOFARINGITIS AKUT (RFA) PADA ANAK BERBASIS PERANGKAT ANDROID MENGGUNAKAN K-NN (K-NEAREST NEIGHBOR)
Authors: Hardiani Tikaridha , Silmina Esi Putri
Published: November 2019

Rhinofaringitis akut (RFA) merupakan penyakit saluran pernafasan atas yang paling sering terjadi pada anak-anak. RFA menjadi masalah kesehatan umum di dunia, terutama di negara-negara berkembang. Penyakit ini sebagian besar menginfeksi anak-anak. RFA menyerang  6,2 hingga 9,7 juta anak di seluruh dunia.Di Indonesia, RFA dapat mempengaruhi segala usia dan morbiditasnya masih tinggi, terutama pada anak-anak. RFA dapat dicegah dan ditangani secara cepat dengan sistem pakar. Sistem pakar merupakan sistem berbasis komputer yang menggunakan pengetahuan, fakta dan teknik penalaran dalam memecahkan masalah yang biasanya hanya diselesaikan oleh seorang pakar dalam bidang tertentu.  Penelitian ini mengembangkan sistem pakar menggunakan algoritma K-Nearest Neighbour (K-NN). Variabel yang digunakan yaitu sakit kepala, demam, menggigil, malaise (lemas), disfagia (nyeri menelan), limfaadenopati pada anterior servikal (pembesaran kelenjar leher anterior), muntah, tidak ada batuk/jarang batuk, eksudat pada tonsil/faring, Nyeri tenggorokan yang parah, disertai batuk, suara serak, nyeri substernal, myalgia (nyeri otot), rhinorea (hidung berair), konjungtivitis (mata merah) dan muntah. Hasil diagnosis sistem menunjukan bahwa nilai similarity tertinggi pada No MR 6754 yaitu sebesar 75%, maka kasus baru didiagnosis RFA karena virus.