bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hannah Arendt, James Baldwin, and the Politics of Love
Authors: Butorac Sean Kim
Published: March 2018

Does love have a place in the inherently conflictual realm of democratic politics, particularly in a racialized democracy? This article engages the question of love’s politics by way of Hannah Arendt’s critique of James Baldwin’s “Letter from a Region in My Mind.” Troubled by his “gospel of love,” Arendt wrote to Baldwin, warning him that in politics, love will achieve nothing “except hypocrisy.” Contra Arendt, who argues that love is antipolitical, I show how Baldwin utilizes love to reclaim the lost promise of American democracy. Synthesizing Baldwin’s essays published between 1955–1972, my argument proceeds in two parts: part 1 focuses on the psychological and embodied demands of love, which, for Baldwin, are vital in transforming the consciousness of white and black Americans. Part 2 focuses on Baldwin’s critique of property, linking the project of self-transformation to the need for structural transformation. I show how love enables us to condemn the exploitative logic of capitalism and imagine new modes of relationality. In charting this underexplored point of contact between these thinkers, this article complicates Arendt’s critique of love and sheds new light on the role of love in Baldwin’s political thought.
Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma With Retrograde Venous Invasion and Gain of Chromosome 21: Potential Harbingers of Aggressive Clinical Behavior
Authors: Jamal Mohsin , Taneja Kanika , Arora Sohrab , Barod Ravi , Rogers Craig G. , Sanchez Jessica , Gupta Nilesh S. , Williamson Sean R.
Published: March 2018

Occasionally, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with renal vein extension spreads against the flow of blood within vein branches into the kidney, forming multifocal nodules throughout the renal parenchyma. These foci are not regarded as multiple tumors but rather reverse spread of tumor along the venous system. This intravascular spread has previously been reported in clear cell RCC and RCC unclassified. However, to our knowledge, this has never been reported in chromophobe RCC. Chromophobe RCC is a unique histologic subtype of renal cancer, generally thought to have less aggressive behavior. However, it nonetheless has the potential to undergo sarcomatoid dedifferentiation, which is associated with poor prognosis. We report a unique case of a 65-year-old man with chromophobe RCC (pT3a) showing classic morphology (nonsarcomatoid), yet presenting with retrograde venous invasion and hilar lymph node metastasis at the time of right radical nephrectomy. Fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed gain of chromosome 21 with loss of multiple other chromosomes. Partial hepatectomy was performed to resect metastatic RCC 7 months after nephrectomy, revealing chromophobe RCC with classic morphology. Bone biopsy confirmed skeletal metastases 38 months after initial diagnosis. Although invasion of the renal vein and retrograde venous invasion are characteristically seen in clear cell RCC, this unusual phenomenon may also occur in chromophobe RCC, despite its unique tumor biology. This and gain of chromosome 21, which was postulated to be associated with aggressive behavior in a previous report, were associated with adverse behavior in our patient, who had short-term progression to multi-organ metastatic disease.
Commentary on Special Issue on Geriatric Assessment
Authors: Molinari Victor , Rosowsky Erlene
Published: March 2018

We provide commentary about the articles in this special section of “Assessment in Older Adults” by using van Alphen’s framework of a systematic multidimensional approach for diagnosis and treatment in older adults.
Science as a Public Good: Findings From a Survey of March for Science Participants
Authors: Ross Ashley D. , Struminger Rhonda , Winking Jeffrey , Wedemeyer-Strombel Kathryn R.
Published: March 2018

On April 22, 2017, millions of people marched for science in response to a growing sense of urgency for preserving scientific funding and knowledge, both perceived as threatened by the Trump administration. This research note highlights data collected at three marches: Washington, D.C.; Los Angeles, California; and Austin, Texas. We examine marcher motivations for participation, finding the environment, current administration, and science funding were most prevalent. Furthermore, we find the majority of marchers support stances that position science as public good, including the belief that science informs responsible government policies and the support of government investments in science.
Grade-Accountable Peer Editing: Students’ Perceptions of Peer-Editing Assignments
Authors: Holt Jessica
Published: March 2018

Peer editing is a skill journalism students, and most college students, need to be effective and skillful writers. In today’s fast-paced lifestyle, students do not spend enough time refining and reevaluating their writing. This research examined students’ perceptions of grade-accountable assignments, focused on peer editing, and implemented into a journalism writing course. Students found the peer editing to be necessary, but unpleasant; however, the most relevant finding was students did not connect the idea of peer editing to the application of real-world job skills. This article explores thoughts on future implementation of peer-editing assignments to improve students’ evaluation of their writing.
Electrocardiographic-guided tip positioning technique for peripherally inserted central catheters in a Dutch teaching hospital: Feasibility and cost-effectiveness analysis in a prospective cohort study
Authors: Bloemen Arthur , Daniels Anne M , Samyn Martine G , Janssen Roel JL , Elshof Jan-Willem
Published: March 2018

Introduction:

Peripherally inserted central catheters are venous devices intended for short to medium periods of intravenous treatment. Positioning of the catheter tip at the cavoatrial junction is necessary for optimum performance of a peripherally inserted central catheter. In this study, safety, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of electrocardiographic-guided peripherally inserted central catheter positioning in a Dutch teaching hospital were evaluated.

Methods:

All patients who received a peripherally inserted central catheter in 2016 using electrocardiographic guidance were compared to those where fluoroscopy guidance was used in a prospective non-randomized cohort study. Relevant data were extracted from electronic health records. Cost-effectiveness analysis was performed.

Results:

A total of 162 patients received a peripherally inserted central catheter using fluoroscopy guidance and 103 patients using electrocardiographic guidance in 2016. No significant difference was found in malposition, infection or other complications between these groups. Due to personnel reduction and omission of fluoroscopy costs, cost reduction for each catheter insertion was €120 in the first year and, as a result of discounted acquisition costs, €190 in subsequent years.

Discussion:

The positioning results and complication rate are comparable to the previously reported literature. The cost reduction may vary in different hospitals. Other benefits of the electrocardiographic-guided technique are omission of X-ray exposure and improved patient service.

Conclusion:

Implementation of electrocardiographic-guided tip positioning for peripherally inserted central catheter was safe and effective in this study and led to an improved high value and cost-conscious care.
Student, Faculty, and Staff Approval of University Smoke/Tobacco-Free Policies: An Analysis of Campus Newspaper Articles
Authors: Seitz Christopher M , Kabir Zubair , Greiner Birgit A , Davoren Martin P
Published: March 2018

Objective:

To provide a nontraditional source of data to university policymakers regarding student, faculty, and staff approval of university smoke/tobacco-free policies, as published through campus newspaper articles.

Methods:

From January to April 2016, a total of 2523 articles were retrieved concerning campus smoking/tobacco at 4-year, public universities. Of these, 54 articles met the inclusion factors, which described 30 surveys about campus approval of tobacco-free policies and 24 surveys about smoke-free policies.

Results:

In all, the surveys included more than 130 000 respondents. With the exception of 4 surveys, all reported that the most of the respondents approved a tobacco/smoke-free campus policy.

Conclusions:

Although the study had several limitations, the findings provide a synthesis from a nontraditional data source that is consistent with findings from the peer-reviewed literature, in which most of the students, faculty, and staff on university campuses approve of smoke/tobacco-free campus policies.
Graves Disease in Central Ghana: Clinical Characteristics and Associated Factors
Authors: Sarfo-Kantanka Osei , Sarfo Fred Stephen , Ansah Eunice Oparebea , Kyei Ishmael
Published: March 2018

Background

Graves disease (GD) has increased in prevalence over the past decade in Africa. Despite this, the condition is not well described, especially in sub-Saharan Africa.

Objective

We have described the clinical characteristics and associated factors of GD in a cohort of patients attending a resource-limited setting tertiary hospital.

Methods

Patients were examined thoroughly and systematically tested for the degree of clinical and biochemical thyroid status. Thyroid volume, characteristics, and blood flow were assessed at presentation using ultrasonography. Factors associated with an inability to achieve clinical and biochemical thyroid remission were evaluated using multiple logistic regression analysis.

Results

Overall, 182 patients were studied, 152 (83.5%) were women with a female:male ratio of 5.1:1.0. The mean age at presentation was 39.9 ± 14.7 years with women significantly older than men. Thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) was observed in 56% of the participants and pretibial myxoedema in 6%. About 84% of the participants were hyperthyroid at presentation, 9% were euthyroid, 4% were hypothyroid, and 3% had subclinical hyperthyroidism. Inability to achieve biochemical and clinical remission at 24 months was associated with increased thyroid volume (odds ratio [OR]: 2.35, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.85-2.52, P < .001), presence of TAO (OR: 2.15, 95% CI: 2.12-2.33, P < .001), increased FT3/FT4 ratio (OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.24-2.56, P = .004), and missed clinic appointment (OR: 5.2, 95% CI: 4.55-7.89, P < .001).

Conclusions

Graves disease among Ghanaians is associated with significant signs at presentation. Inability to achieve remission within the first 24 months is associated with increased thyroid volume, TAO, an increased FT3/FT4 ratio, as well as missed clinic appointment.
The ethics of neorealism: Waltz and the time of international life
Authors: Lundborg Tom
Published: March 2018

This article addresses the question of what it means to think of a distinctly international ethics by developing a radical reinterpretation of Waltzian neorealism from a Derridean deconstructive perspective. The core argument of the article is that Derridean deconstruction effectively explains why there is an ethics of neorealism in the first place, and why this ethics cannot be easily overcome. Underpinning this argument is a notion in Derrida’s philosophy of survival as an unconditional affirmation of life, which finds an equivalent in Waltz’s theory of international life in the anarchic system. On this basis, I claim that Waltz’s theory is ethical, not despite its focus on the structural conditions of survival, but precisely because of it. Moreover, the article shows how this notion of ethics renders universal ethical ideals, beyond relations of violence, not only impossible, but undesirable. They are undesirable because to actually fulfil them would be to undermine the conditions that make international life possible in the first place. In this way, various attempts to theorize the meaning and implications of international ethics that hold on to the notion of ethical ideals beyond relations of violence become untenable. Instead of aspiring towards such ideals, the article concludes, international ethics should be thought of as an unconditional affirmation of the incalculable future that structures international life and inevitably exposes it to the worst forms of destruction, but also enables the making of responsible decisions.
Dynamic stability of an axially moving paper board with added subsystems
Authors: Wang Yan , Tian Zhen , Wu Jimei , Guo Xuxia , Shao Mingyue
Published: March 2018

Paper board with bending stiffness is usually used as the substrates on cigarette package printing industry. The vibration of these paper boards in high speed affects the printing precision. The dynamic characteristics and stability of moving paper board with finite interior elastic point supports and elastic edges restrained are investigated. First, the energy function of the system is established by using the extended Hamilton’s principle; second, the dimensionless equations of motion for the moving paper board are obtained using the element-free Galerkin method. The equations of motion and the eigenvalue equations of the system are established. The relationship between the first three complex frequencies of the system and the moving speed is then obtained by the numerical calculation. The effects of the elastic point supports, the elastically restrained edges, and the dimensionless speed of the motion on the dynamic stability of the paper board are analyzed. The critical speed when the paper board is in a stable state under different conditions is obtained. The results improve the dynamic stability of the paper board in printing process and provide the theoretical basis for the optimization of printing equipment.
Empirical multi-degree-of-freedom-generalized minimum variance control for buildings during earthquakes
Authors: Azira Mohamed , Guenfaf Lakhdar
Published: March 2018

Structural control of a multi-degree-of-freedom building under earthquake excitation is investigated in this paper. The ARMAX model calculation is developed for a linear representation of multi-degree-of-freedom structure. A control approach based on the generalized minimum variance algorithm is developed and presented. This approach is an empirical method to control the story unit regardless of the coupling with other stories. Kanai-Tajimi and Clough–Penzien models are used to generate the seismic excitations. Those models are calculated using the specific soil parameters. In order to test the control strategy performances under real strong earthquakes, the structure has been subjected to EL Cento earthquake. RST controller form shows the stability conditions and the optimality of the control strategy. Simulation tests using a 3DOF structure are performed and show the effectiveness of the control method using of the empirical method.
Everyday connections between online and offline: Imagining others and constructing community through local online initiatives
Authors: Rufas Alix , Hine Christine
Published: March 2018

Many local online platforms for people to give away or sell items have arisen in recent years. While some research has analysed modes of consumption emerging in such sites, there has been little exploration of the nature of the contact between local residents that these sites occasion and their implications for local sense of community. This article analyses interviews with users of local online platforms for giving and selling items within one town in south-east England, identifying judgments that users make about one another and exploring the connections that are made between online and offline. Imagining other users and projecting social norms onto them emerges as important in making transactions meaningful. Users also often imagine social difference and make judgments that reproduce socio-economic stereotypes. Usage is portrayed as a positive experience enhancing users’ views of local community in a general sense, but shows limited tendencies to overcome existing social divisions.
PeerWise: Evaluating the Effectiveness of a Web-Based Learning Aid in a Second-Year Psychology Subject
Authors: Howe Piers D. L. , McKague Meredith , Lodge Jason M. , Blunden Anthea G. , Saw Geoffrey
Published: March 2018

Testing can do more than just determine what a student knows; it can aid the learning process, a phenomenon known as the testing effect. There is a growing trend for students to create and share self-assessment questions in their subject, as advocated by the contributing-student pedagogy (CSP). For subjects with large enrolments, this process can be facilitated by educational technology. PeerWise is an example of such technology. It is free, web-based software that allows students to author, share, answer, and provide feedback on multiple-choice quizzes in a collaborative and constructivist fashion. While it is popular, it is unclear to what degree it facilitates student learning. To evaluate its effectiveness, we introduced PeerWise into a second-year psychology subject. We measured the extent to which it increased scores in the final exam. We found that PeerWise did significantly increase exam scores, so was a useful learning aid.
Preoperative Recipient Parameters Allow Early Estimation of Postoperative Outcome and Intraoperative Transfusion Requirements in Liver Transplantation
Authors: Schumacher Carsten , Eismann Hendrik , Sieg Lion , Friedrich Lars , Scheinichen Dirk , Vondran Florian W. R. , Johanning Kai
Published: March 2018

Context:

Liver transplantation is a complex intervention, and early anticipation of personnel and logistic requirements is of great importance. Early identification of high-risk patients could prove useful. We therefore evaluated prognostic values of recipient parameters commonly available in the early preoperative stage regarding postoperative 30- and 90-day outcomes and intraoperative transfusion requirements in liver transplantation.

Design, Setting, and Participants:

All adult patients undergoing first liver transplantation at Hannover Medical School between January 2005 and December 2010 were included in this retrospective study. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data as well as clinical courses were recorded. Prognostic values regarding 30- and 90-day outcomes were evaluated by uni- and multivariate statistical tests. Identified risk parameters were used to calculate risk scores.

Results:

There were 426 patients (40.4% female) included with a mean age of 48.6 (11.9) years. Absolute 30-day mortality rate was 9.9%, and absolute 90-day mortality rate was 13.4%. Preoperative leukocyte count >5200/μL, platelet count <91 000/μL, and creatinine values ≥77 μmol/L were relevant risk factors for both observation periods ( P < .05, respectively). A score based on these factors significantly differentiated between groups of varying postoperative outcomes and intraoperative transfusion requirements ( P < .05, respectively).

Conclusion:

A score based on preoperative creatinine, leukocyte, and platelet values allowed early estimation of postoperative 30- and 90-day outcomes and intraoperative transfusion requirements in liver transplantation. Results might help to improve timely logistic and personal strategies.
Performance Outcomes of Investing Slack Resources in Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Mattingly James E. , Olsen Lori
Published: March 2018

Our study examined relationships among slack resources, investment in corporate social responsibility (CSR) and firm performance, finding that accounting and market returns respond differently to investments of slack in CSR. Although accounting returns to both financial and organizational CSR investment were positive, equity markets reward organizational slack but punish financial slack investments. Moreover, distinguishing among forms of CSR indicates that both accounting and market returns respond much more positively to investment in stakeholder protection than to investment in stakeholder improvement. Finally, risk, strategy, and governance are mediating mechanisms partially explaining CSR effects but not to the extent we expected.
Sensitization of P2X3 receptors in insular cortex contributes to visceral pain of adult rats with neonatal maternal deprivation
Authors: Zhang Ping-An , Zhu Hong-Yan , Xu Qi-Ya , Du Wan-Jie , Hu Shufen , Xu Guang-Yin
Published: March 2018

Aims

Insular cortex is a brain region critical for processing of the sensation. Purinergic receptors are involved in the formation of chronic pain. The aim of the present study was to explore the role and mechanism of P2X3 receptors (P2X3Rs) in insular cortex in chronic visceral pain.

Methods

Chronic visceral pain in adult rats was induced by neonatal maternal deprivation and measured by detecting the threshold of colorectal distension. Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction techniques were used to detect the expression and distribution of P2X3Rs. Synaptic transmission in insular cortex was recorded in brain slices by patch clamp techniques.

Results

Expression of P2X3Rs both at mRNA and protein levels in right hemisphere of insular cortex was significantly increased in neonatal maternal deprivation rats. In addition, P2X3Rs were expressed with NeuN or synaptophysin but not with glial fibrillary acidic protein and CD11b. The co-localization of P2X3Rs with NeuN or synaptophysin was greatly enhanced in right hemisphere of insular cortex in neonatal maternal deprivation rats. Furthermore, neonatal maternal deprivation markedly increased both the frequency and amplitude of miniature excitatory postsynaptic current in right hemisphere of insular cortex. Incubation of A347091 significantly decreased the frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic current and miniature excitatory postsynaptic current of insular cortex neurons of neonatal maternal deprivation rats. Incubation of P2X3Rs agonists α,β-mATP remarkably increased the frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic current and miniature excitatory postsynaptic current of the right hemisphere of insular cortex neurons of healthy control rats. Importantly, injection of A317491 significantly enhanced the colorectal distension threshold of neonatal maternal deprivation rats, while injection of α,β-mATP into right but not left insular cortex markedly decreased the colorectal distension threshold in healthy control rats.

Conclusions

Overall, our data provide integrated pharmacological, biochemical, and functional evidence demonstrating that P2X3Rs are physically and functionally interconnected at the presynaptic level to control synaptic activities in the right insular cortex, thus contributing to visceral pain of neonatal maternal deprivation rats.
When Pizza Doesn’t Sound as Good as Usual: Restrained Versus Unrestrained Eaters’ Responses to Gluten-Free Menu Items
Authors: Shin Joongwon , Mattila Anna S.
Published: March 2018

Increasing demand for gluten-free foods is driving restaurants to add gluten-free menu items. However, it remains unclear how gluten-free labels affect food consumption and overall evaluations of a dining experience. We conducted two studies to fill this gap. Results from Study 1 suggest that unrestrained eaters (i.e., people with low levels of dietary restraint) expect to decrease their food consumption when a menu item bears a gluten-free cue, whereas restrained eaters (i.e., people with high levels of dietary restraint) do not show such an effect. This negative impact of a gluten-free cue on consumption among unrestrained eaters is mediated by expected taste. Results from Study 2 show that when a gluten-free purchase is incentivized with immediate incentives (i.e., price discounts), an increase in dietary restraint leads to a heightened salience of a health goal. Such an effect is attenuated with delayed incentives (i.e., redeemable points). The health goal salience mediates the impact of dietary restraint on anticipated satisfaction with a gluten-free dining experience incentivized with immediate rewards. This research contributes to the hospitality literature and the broader literature on food consumption. Moreover, our findings suggest that managers need to focus on clearly communicating the appealing taste of gluten-free foods and aim at activating a health goal among unrestrained eaters.
The Mediation of Hope: Digital Technologies and Affective Affordances Within Iraqi Refugee Households in Jordan
Authors: Twigt Mirjam A.
Published: March 2018

Worldwide, refugees are increasingly living in uncertainty for undetermined periods of time, waiting for an enduring legal and social solution. In this article, I consider how this experience of waiting is perceived through and influenced by the ubiquity of transnational digital connections, which play a central role in Iraqi refugee households in Jordan. I draw on ethnographic fieldwork conducted among Iraqi refugees in Jordan’s capital Amman to further understand the use of digital technologies in everyday experiences of prolonged displacement. Waiting is an intrinsic affective phenomenon, colored by hope and anxiety. I argue that affective affordances—the potential of different media forms to bring about affects like hope and anxiety—enable Iraqi refugees to reorient themselves to particular places and people. As “no futures” are deemed possible in Jordan or Iraq, digital technologies serve as orientation devices enabling them to imagine futures elsewhere. Through the interplay of media forms, the Iraqi refugees refract their own lives via the experiences of friends and family members who have already traveled onward and who in their perception are able to rebuild a dignified life. Transnational digital connections not only provide a space for hope and optimistic ideas of futures elsewhere but also help to sustain one’s experience of immobility. I argue that using the imagination can be understood as an act of not giving in to structural constraints and might be crucial to making Iraqi refugee life in Jordan bearable.
The Best, the Worst, and the Hardest to Find: How People, Mobiles, and Social Media Connect Migrants In(to) Europe
Authors: Borkert Maren , Fisher Karen E. , Yafi Eiad
Published: March 2018

For displaced people, migrating into Europe has highly complex information needs about the journey and destination. Each new need presents problems of where to seek information, how to trust or distrust information, and financial and other costs. The outcomes of receiving poor or false information can cause bodily harm or death, loss of family, or financial ruin. We aim to make two major contributions: First, provide rich insights into digital literacy, information needs, and strategies among Syrian and Iraqi refugees who entered Europe in 2015, a topic rarely dealt with in the literature. Second, we seek to change the dominant perspective on migrants and refugees as passive victims of international events and policies by showing their capacities and skills to navigate the complex landscape of information and border regimes en route to Europe. Building on research at Za’atari refugee camp (Jordan), we surveyed 83 Arab refugees in two centers in Berlin. Analyses address refugees’ temporal information worlds, focusing on the importance and difficulty in finding specific information, how migrants identify mis- and disinformation, and the roles of information and technology mediaries. Findings illustrate the digital capacities refugees employ during and after their journey to Europe; they show social support via social media and highlight the need for a radical shift in thinking about and researching migration in the digital age.
Rerouting the Narrative: Mapping the Online Identity Politics of the Tamil and Palestinian Diaspora
Authors: Kumar Priya
Published: March 2018

Drawing on the e-Diasporas Atlas project ( www.e-diasporas.fr ) and original empirical research, this study examines the complex role of the World Wide Web in supporting and enabling new types of diaspora identity politics. It compares the online identity politics of two conflict-generated diasporas: Tamils and Palestinians. Both of these stateless diaspora communities maintain a strong web presence and have mobilized around various secessionist attempts, grievance narratives, issue-agendas, and calls for the right to self-determination that have garnered significant attention from the international community and mainstream media in recent times. Analytical concepts from transnational advocacy networks (TANs) and social movement literature are used to draw attention to the dynamic identity-based processes and framing mechanisms that connect diasporic demands and political claims across online and offline environments. The data combine Tamil and Palestinian e-Diasporas hyperlink network maps with web-based content analysis and key respondent interviews. The study argues that online diasporic exchanges transcend host–homeland territorial boundaries and invite comparatively expressive forms of identity-based political engagements that are simultaneously both deeply local and digitally global. In particular, the analysis demonstrates that human rights–based language offers a unique streamlining bridge between various locales, countries of settlement, and the international system more broadly.
The Ambivalent Potentials of Social Media Use by Unaccompanied Minor Refugees
Authors: Kutscher Nadia , Kreß Lisa-Marie
Published: March 2018

In 2015, an unprecedented number of unaccompanied minor refugees came to Europe. To verify reports in mass media as well as professionals’ and volunteers’ impressions regarding the importance of digital media, this empirical study was conducted in the summer of 2015 in cooperation with the “Children’s Charity of Germany” (Deutsches Kinderhilfswerk e.V.). The study focused on the question of how unaccompanied minor refugees use digital (social and mobile) media in the context of their forced migration to Germany. It explored how they use these media to stay in contact with family and friends in their country of origin and beyond, to establish new relationships, to orientate themselves in the receiving country, and to search for (professional) support. Thus, the role of digital media in maintaining transnational social networks and enabling participation in a receiving society is investigated. This article presents key findings and their theoretical implications as well as a methodological and ethical reflection on this research.
2018 International Olympic Committee Consensus Statement on Prevention, Diagnosis, and Management of Pediatric Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries
Authors:   International Olympic Committee Pediatric ACL Injury Consensus Group, Ardern Clare L. , Ekås Guri , Grindem Hege , Moksnes Håvard , Anderson Allen F. , Chotel Franck , Cohen Moises , Forssblad Magnus , Ganley Theodore J. , Feller Julian A. , Karlsson Jón , Kocher Mininder S. , LaPrade Robert F. , McNamee Mike , Mandelbaum Bert , Micheli Lyle , Mohtadi Nicholas G.H. , Reider Bruce , Roe Justin P. , Seil Romain , Siebold Rainer , Silvers-Granelli Holly J. , Soligard Torbjørn , Witvrouw Erik , Engebretsen Lars
Published: March 2018

In October 2017, the International Olympic Committee hosted an international expert group of physical therapists and orthopaedic surgeons who specialize in treating and researching pediatric anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. The purpose of this meeting was to provide a comprehensive, evidence-informed summary to support the clinician and help children with ACL injury and their parents/guardians make the best possible decisions. Representatives from the following societies attended: American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine; European Paediatric Orthopaedic Society; European Society for Sports Traumatology, Knee Surgery, and Arthroscopy; International Society of Arthroscopy, Knee Surgery and Orthopaedic Sports Medicine; Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America; and Sociedad Latinoamericana de Artroscopia, Rodilla, y Deporte. Physical therapists and orthopaedic surgeons with clinical and research experience in the field and an ethics expert with substantial experience in the area of sports injuries also participated. This consensus statement addresses 6 fundamental clinical questions regarding the prevention, diagnosis, and management of pediatric ACL injuries. Injury management is challenging in the current landscape of clinical uncertainty and limited scientific knowledge. Injury management decisions also occur against the backdrop of the complexity of shared decision making with children and the potential long-term ramifications of the injury.
Arthroscopic Management of Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis of the Hip in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Willimon S. Clifton , Schrader Tim , Perkins Crystal A.
Published: March 2018

Background:

Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a benign proliferative synovial disorder most commonly described to affect the knee in adults. Literature describing PVNS in the pediatric population is limited to 2 small case series and a handful of single-patient case reports. Within these studies, only 2 patients with PVNS of the hip are described.

Purpose:

To describe the presentation, management, and outcomes of a single-center series of pediatric patients with PVNS of the hip treated with arthroscopic synovectomy.

Study Design:

Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

A retrospective review of consecutive pediatric patients treated for PVNS at a single institution was performed. Inclusion criteria consisted of patients younger than 19 years with surgically treated PVNS of the hip.

Results:

Five pediatric patients with a mean age of 11.0 years were treated for PVNS of the hip from 2011 to 2016. The mean duration of symptoms from onset to surgical treatment was 247 days (range, 3-933 days). Upon review of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results, radiologists included PVNS in their differential in 3 patients. Seven surgeries were performed in 5 patients. All therapeutic procedures were arthroscopic synovectomies. Nodular PVNS was present in 4 patients, and diffuse disease was present in 1 patient. At a mean 32-month follow-up (range, 12-63 months), all patients were considered to be free of recurrence based on clinical examination and/or follow-up MRI. Four patients were asymptomatic and returned to all of their previous sports activities.

Conclusion:

Young age at the time of diagnosis is a point to be highlighted in this cohort, and symptoms may be present for many months prior to diagnosis due to the failure to consider PVNS in children. Therefore, for patients with “atypical” presentations or lack of improvement with treatment for rheumatologic, bleeding, or infectious disorders, PVNS should be strongly considered. MRI with gradient echo sequences is the diagnostic imaging study of choice. One patient with diffuse involvement and preoperative degenerative changes showed progressive changes postoperatively. This type of PVNS may have a worse prognosis, but more diffuse cases are needed before the prognosis can be determined. Arthroscopic synovectomy following a timely diagnosis of PVNS produces good outcomes in nodular cases, with no evidence of symptomatic or radiographic disease persistence among these patients.
Minority Threat, Worker Power, and Discriminatory Complaints: State-level Effects on Racial Income Inequality among Men
Authors: Maume David , Matthew Ervin (Maliq) , Wilson George
Published: March 2018

Because U.S. states are meaningful polities with differing cultures and institutions, they are important locations for the struggles for resources. Yet there have been surprisingly few studies of how state-level cleavages and institutions shape the pattern of income inequality, especially by race. This article matches individual-level data on income and its determinants (from the Current Population Survey) to state-level measures (mostly from Census data) of varying demographic, power, and institutional configurations. A multilevel model of the racial pay gap is estimated showing that racial income inequality increases with the size of the minority population in the state but decreases with the rate of filing racial discrimination complaints with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. The index of labor market power (a scaled index of union density and the size of the public sector) increases pay across the board but does not reduce racial income inequality. The findings suggest that recent and current neoliberal efforts across states to shrink government, limit unions, and abandon enforcement of antidiscrimination will lower wages for all workers and exacerbate racial income inequality.
Platelet HMGB1 is required for efficient bacterial clearance in intra-abdominal bacterial sepsis in mice
Authors: Zhou Hui , Deng Meihong , Liu Yingjie , Yang Chenxuan , Hoffman Rosemary , Zhou Jingjiao , Loughran Patricia A. , Scott Melanie J. , Neal Matthew D. , Billiar Timothy R.
Published: March 2018

Key Points

Platelet-HMGB1 is required for efficient bacterial clearance in intra-abdominal polymicrobial sepsis. Platelet HMGB1 promotes platelet activation, regulating platelet-neutrophil interactions and ROS production in neutrophils during sepsis.
Resilience in Haiti: is it culturally pathological?
Authors: Derivois Daniel , Cénat Jude Mary , Karray Amira , Guillier-Pasut Nathalie , Cadichon Jeff M. , Lignier Baptiste , Joseph Nephtalie E. , Brolles Lisbeth , Mouchenik Yoram
Published: March 2018

Not for the first time in recent history, the people of Haiti have been obliged to fall back on their resilience strategies in the aftermath of Hurricane Matthew. Following the powerful earthquake that struck the country on 12 January 2010, the entire population had to find the resources to survive in the face of extensive material damage and loss of life: over 222 000 dead, more than 300 000 injured and between 4000 and 7000 amputees (UNDP, 2010).
What's in stock
Authors: Thomas Beth
Published: March 2018

A role-play shop helps children to understand that print carries information. It will encourage them to identify and show an interest in print in the environment, and begin to identify what it might say.
PERUBAHAN PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI KOTA SERANG, PROVINSI BANTEN
Authors: Lamidi Lamidi
Published: March 2018

Abstrak :  Kota Serang mengalami perubahan fungsi dalam waktu relatif sangat singkat.  Semula Serang merupakan kota kecamatan.  Pada Tahun 2000, saat Provinsi Banten mekar dari Provinsi Jawa Barat, Serang berubah menjadi ibukota provinsi Banten.  Pada Tahun 2007, Serang berubah lagi menjadi kota otonom.  Perubahan tatus dari bukan kota menjadi kota berakibat pada perubahan orientasi pembangunan wilayah dari perdesaan menjadi perkotaan, sehingga lahan pertanian beririgasi teknsi yang subur terancam terkonversi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perubahan penggunaan lahan kota Serang sebelum menjadi ibukota provinsi Banten, setelah menjadi ibukota provinsi Banten dan setelah menjadi kota otonom, dan memprediksi perubahan penggunaan lahan kota Serang hingga Tahun 2030 saat berakhirnya RTRW.   Perubahan penggunaan lahan dianalisis melalui metode tumpang susun peta penggunaan lahan tahun 1993-2000, tahun 2000-2007, dan 2007-2016.  Prediksi perubahan penggunaan lahan dilakukan dengan bantuan perangkat lunak NetLogo Versi 5.3.1 dengan transisi perubahan penggunaan lahan tahun 2000-2007.  Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa lahan sawah secara terus menerus mengalami pengurangan, dan sebaliknya lahan permukiman mengalami peningkatan.  Laju perubahan pada Tahun 1993-2000 lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan periode Tahun2000-2007 dan Tahun 2007-2016.  Pada Tahun 2030 luas lahan sawah akan tersisa 6.679,85 ha dan lahan permukiman berkembang menjadi 6.316,96 ha.  Bila tidak dilakukan pengendalian, lahan sawah diperkirakan akan habis terkonveri pada tahun 2068.
The Virtual and the Real
Authors: Chalmers David J.
Published: March 2018

I argue that virtual reality is a sort of genuine reality. In particular, I argue for virtual digitalism, on which virtual objects are real digital objects, and against virtual fictionalism, on which virtual objects are fictional objects. I also argue that perception in virtual reality need not be illusory, and that life in virtual worlds can have roughly the same sort of value as life in non-virtual worlds.
Naïve Realism and the Conception of Hallucination as Non-Sensory Phenomena
Authors: Niikawa Takuya
Published: March 2018

In defence of naïve realism, Fish has advocated an eliminativist view of hallucination, according to which hallucinations lack visual phenomenology. Logue, and Dokic and Martin, respectively, have developed the eliminativist view in different manners. Logue claims that hallucination is a non-phenomenal, perceptual representational state. Dokic and Martin maintain that hallucinations consist in the confusion of monitoring mechanisms, which generates an affective feeling in the hallucinating subject. This paper aims to critically examine these views of hallucination. By doing so, I shall point out what theoretical requirements are imposed on naïve realists who characterize hallucinations as non-visual-sensory phenomena.
De Se Beliefs, Self-Ascription, and Primitiveness
Authors: Wüstholz Florian L.
Published: March 2018

De se beliefs typically pose a problem for propositional theories of content. The Property Theory of content tries to overcome the problem of de se beliefs by taking properties to be the objects of our beliefs. I argue that the concept of self-ascription plays a crucial role in the Property Theory while being virtually unexplained. I then offer different possibilities of illuminating that concept and argue that the most common ones are either circular, question-begging, or epistemically problematic. Finally, I argue that only a primitive understanding of self-ascription is viable. Self-ascription is the relation that subjects stand in with respect to the properties that they believe themselves to have. As such, self-ascription has to be primitive if it is supposed to do justice to the characteristic features of de se beliefs.
Oral Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma — Unusual Location of a Rare Entity
Authors: Iacob Alina , Comișel Sebastian , Tilinca Mariana , Mezei Tibor , Petrovan Cecilia
Published: March 2018

Introduction: Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is a rare, locally aggressive vascular tumor, originating from soft tissue, bone, skin, and organs such as the liver or lung, exceptionally located in the oral cavity. Most of the cases of oral epithelioid hemangioendothelioma are asymptomatic, and diagnosis is hampered by the fact that the histological features are somewhat between hemangioma and angiosarcoma, with epithelioid cells, intracytoplasmic vacuoles, low mitotic activity, and (rarely) necrosis. Immunohistochemical analysis is required to rule out carcinoma or other epithelioid vascular neoplasms.

Case presentation: We present a rare case of a 59-year-old Caucasian male patient with oral epithelioid hemangioendothelioma for which clinical and cytological diagnosis was difficult, in spite of the patient’s history. The lesion was nonspecific, mimicking ulcerative stomatitis, but histological and immunohistochemical evaluation finally managed to establish the right diagnosis. Subsequently, the patient underwent surgical excision of the lesion followed by oncological treatment — chemotherapy.

Conclusions: Although at first examination seemed that another lesion has developed, rigorous histology and immunohistochemistry tests proved the presence of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, a very rare entity located in the oral cavity, which required a proper surgical and oncological approach.
Cardio-renal Correlations and Epicardial Adipose Tissue in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Cernea Simona , Blendea Ciprian , Roiban Andrada Larisa , Benedek Theodora
Published: March 2018

Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the correlation between renal function and heart function/echocardiographic parameters and epicardial adipose tissue thickness (EATT), respectively.

Material and methods: Fifty patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) were included in this study. Several laboratory parameters were obtained (HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, LDL-cholesterol, creatinine) and eGFR was calculated. Anthropometric measurements were performed (weight, waist and hip circumferences, 4 skinfolds, based on which % body fat was calculated). Patients underwent echocardiographic assessment to evaluate structural and functional parameters, including EATT. Left ventricular mass (LVM) was calculated and the geometric changes of the left ventricle were evaluated.

Results: Forty-six per cent of the patients had a LV ejection fraction (EF) <55% and 34% had diastolic dysfunction. There were no significant differences between the three eGFR groups with regards to metabolic parameters, but LVEF was lower (53.0 ± 0.8%, 54.4 ± 2.4%, and 55.2 ± 1.5%, respectively) and EATT was higher (11.0 ± 1.0 mm, 8.58 ± 2.2 mm, and 7.63 ± 2.6 mm, respectively) with a lower eGFR (p = 0.04). More patients with eGFR <90 mL/min/1.73 m2 had cardiac hypertrophy compared with those with eGFR ≥90 mL/min/1.73 m2 (p = 0.04). EATT correlated positively with several anthropometric parameters, e.g. weight (r = 0.309, 95% CI: 0.022 to 0.549, p = 0.03), BMI (r = 0.398, 95% CI: 0.123 to 0.616, p = 0.004), and negatively with LVEF (r = −0.496, 95% CI: −0.687 to −0.242, p = 0.0003) and eGFR (r = −0.293, 95% CI: −0.531 to −0.013, p = 0.04). In patients with LVEF <55% vs. ≥55%, the EATT was significantly higher (9.5 ± 1.99 mm vs. 7.33 ± 2.37 mm, p = 0.013).

Conclusion: In patients with T2D decreased renal function was associated with lower LVEF and higher EATT. EATT was also higher in patients with reduced LVEF.
In-stent Flow Hemodynamics and the Risk of STent Failure Following Bioresorbable Vascular ScAFFolds Implantation – the STAFF Study
Authors: Ferenț Ionuț , Benedek István , Corduneanu Alina , Mester András , Benedek Theodora , Benedek Imre
Published: March 2018

Background: Myocardial revascularization procedures have undergone important developments over the last decades, which led to a major shift in current clinical practice and therapeutic guidelines across the world. Bare metal and drug-eluting stents present several limitations, all centered on the concept of disturbed coronary hemodynamics after implantation, which can be surpassed by bioresorbable vascular scaffolds (BVS). BVSs are fourth-generation stents used in coronary revascularization procedures, but despite all the promising initial results published on their efficiency, several clinical trials have reported unsatisfactory results, and the main explanation was accredited to improper implantation method. Shear stress is a central element of intravascular homeostasis; it controls vascular remodeling, as well as the development, progression, and destabilization of atheromatous plaques. This study aims to assess the role of in-stent flow hemodynamics (evaluated by computational determination of shear stress via coronary CT imaging) in predicting the clinical evolution following BVS implantation.

Material and methods: This case-control observational study will include patients with BVSs implanted at least 12 months prior to randomization. Each patient will undergo a complete evaluation of the demographic and clinical characteristics, cardiovascular risk factors, and imaging acquisitions via coronary CT angiography, based on which the endothelial shear stress will be calculated before and after BVS implantation. Post-processing of CT imaging data will evaluate the shear stress and the composition of the coronary plaques along the entire coronary tree. The primary endpoint will be the major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with altered vs. non-altered BVS-related shear stress, and the secondary endpoints will comprise evaluating the rate of progression of stent resorption and progression of shear stress alteration.

Conclusions: The findings of the STAFF study can be extremely useful in clinical practice for providing an answer to a key question that is still under debate: why do BVSs fail and how can we prevent this?.