bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN STATUS GIZI, ANEMIA DAN PARITAS TERHADAP BERAT BAYI LAHIR DI KECAMATAN SEMAMPIR KOTA SURABAYA TAHUN 2016
Authors: Wahyunda Rizkie Ayu
Published: October 2021

Birth weight is a measurement for the baby an hour after birth, and it is categorized into three types. They are low birth weight (<2500 gram), normal birth weight (2500-4000 gram), and obese birth weight (>4000 gram). According to the Ministry of Health of Indonesia, low birth weight could be at risk of death, disorder of growth and development. This research aimed to determine the correlation between nutritional status, anemia and parity to birth weight in Semampir sub-district of Surabaya city in 2016. It was an observational study with cross sectional design. The data used were secondary data about birth weight as dependent variable, whereas nutritional status, anemia and parity as independent variables. The result of Pearson’s linier correlation test showed that on one hand, there was a significant correlation between nutritional status, anemia and parity to birth weight with p-value = 0,017 and 0,000. On the other hand, there was no correlation between anemia and birth weight (p = 0,857). The conclusion was mother with normal nutritional status and mother with no risk of parity between 2 – 4 times were mostly delivering babies in normal birth weight.
IDENTIFIKASI RESOURCES CONSTRAINT PADA KINERJA PELAYANAN DENGAN PENDEKATAN THEORY OF CONSTRAINT DI INSTALASI RAWAT INAP RSU HAJI SURABAYA
Authors: Puspita Vida Indira , Haksama Setya
Published: October 2021

The trend of Gross Death Rate (GDR) Surabaya Hajj Hospital had tended to increase from 2012 to 2015.However, it eventually decreased in 2016. This research aims to analyze the constraints in the service performance at the inpatient unit of Surabaya Hajj Hospital. The researchutilizedthe theory of constraint to minimize the constraints and to prevent the trend of increased GDR over the years. The research employed observational descriptive and cross-sectional design. The primary data were directly collected from the nurses as respondents through questionnaires. The results of the research indicated that the resource constraints were the workload, lack of facilities, lack of medical and non-medical equipment, and lack of nurse workforce. In conclusion, with all the foregoing constraints, such as the workload, lack of facilities, medical, and non-medical equipment, and lack of nurse's workforce, do not directly affect the service performance of the nurses.Accordingly, improvement efforts are recommended for the existing obstacles.
Model of information technology of remote monitoring with a possibility of control of technological processes and objects
Authors: Mnushka Oksana , Leonov Sergey , Shaposhnikova Olena , Savchenko Volodymyr
Published: October 2021

In the paper, the issues of modeling information technology for remote monitoring of technological processes and objects with the ability to control the state of monitoring objects are considered. The main objectives and constraints in the form of ISO/IEC/IIC standards and recommendations have been defined. According to the structural analysis and design methodology, a set of input and output parameters, mechanisms, and constraints affecting operations and data flows have been defined. A conceptual model of information technology for monitoring systems has been built and decomposed in the IDEF0 notation, the possibility of its implementation is shown using the example of a data acquisition unit in the form of an intelligent router that provides collection, processing, temporary storage of data and communication with a data processing server. Figs.: 4, Refs.: 21 titles.
Variants in nucleocapsid protein and endoRNase are found to associate with severe COVID-19 in a case-control study in Washington State, USA
Authors: Zhao Lue Ping , Roychoudhury Pavitra , Jerome Keith , Gilbert Peter , Schiffer Joshua , Lybrand Terry , Payne Thomas , Randhawa April K , Thiebaud Sara E , Mills Margaret , Greninger Alexander , Pyo Chul-Woo , Wang Ruihan , Li Renyu , Thomas Alexander S , Norris Brandon M , Nelson Wyatt C , Geraghty Daniel
Published: October 2021

SARS-CoV-2 is spreading worldwide with continuously evolving variants, some of which occur in the Spike protein and appear to increase the viral transmissibility. However, variants that cause severe COVID-19 or lead to other breakthroughs have not been well characterized. To discover such viral variants, we assembled a cohort of 683 COVID-19 patients; 388 inpatients (“cases”) and 295 outpatients (“controls”) from April to August 2020 using electronically captured COVID test request forms and sequenced their viral genomes. To improve the analytic power, we accessed 7,137 viral sequences in Washington State to filter out viral single nucleotide variants (SNVs) that did not have significant expansions over the collection period. Applying this filter led to the identification of 53 SNVs that were statistically significant, of which 13 SNVs each had 3 or more variant copies in the discovery cohort. Correlating these selected SNVs with case/control status, eight SNVs were found to significantly associate with inpatient status (q-values<0.01). Using temporal synchrony, we identified a four SNV-haplotype (t19839-g28881-g28882-g28883) which was significantly associated with case/control status (Fisher’s exact p=2.84*10−11) that appeared in April 2020, peaked in June, and persisted into January 2021. This association was replicated (OR=5.46, p-value=4.71*10−12) in an independent cohort of 964 COVID-19 patients (June 1, 2020 to March 31, 2021). The haplotype included a synonymous change N73N in endoRNase, and three non-synonymous changes coding residues R203K, R203S and G204R in the nucleocapsid protein. This discovery points to the potential functional role of the nucleocapsid protein in triggering “cytokine storms” and severe COVID-19 that led to hospitalization. The study further emphasizes a need for tracking and analyzing viral sequences in correlations with clinical status.
Effect of Antipsychotic Polypharmacy On Obesity, Hypertension, Dyslipidemia, and Diabetes
Authors: Sugai Takuro , Suzuki Yutaro , Yamazaki Manabu , Sugawara Norio , Yasui-Furukori Norio , Shimoda Kazutaka , Mori Takao , Ozeki Yuji , Watanabe Yuichiro , Matsuda Hiroshi , Okamoto Kurefu , Sagae Toyoaki , Someya Toshiyuki
Published: October 2021

Background
It is no exaggeration to say that, in Japan, the primary treatment approach for patients with schizophrenia continues to be high-dose antipsychotic polypharmacy. However, the supporting evidence for the efficacy of antipsychotic polypharmacy is insufficient. In fact, antipsychotic polypharmacy is more likely to cause side effects, increase mortality, and decrease treatment adherence. Further, on average, mortality in patients with schizophrenia is 20 years earlier than in people without schizophrenia, and the gap is widening. One potential explanation for the increased mortality rates observed in patients with schizophrenia is that they are at higher risk for metabolic syndrome, indicated by increased rates of obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes.
Results
Therefore, we recruited 7,655 outpatients and 15,461 inpatients with schizophrenia from the facilities of the Japan Psychiatric Hospitals Association and conducted a large-scale investigation of the prevalence of obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus using a questionnaire. We also examined the relationship between antipsychotic polypharmacy on the parameters that regulate each lifestyle-related disease. As a result of examining the relationship between parameters that regulate each lifestyle-related disease and antipsychotic polypharmacy, we found that the more antipsychotics a patient was on, the higher their values for body mass index, diastolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and fasting blood glucose were.
Conclusion
The present study demonstrates that antipsychotic polypharmacy may actually exacerbate obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes. Therefore, it may be better to utilize alternative treatment strategies other than antipsychotic polypharmacy in order to avoid these metabolic side effects.
A Cross-sectional Analysis of the Impact of COVID-19 Related Stressors on Canadian University Students’ Mental Health and Wellbeing
Authors: Linden Brooke , Monaghan Caitlin , Zheng Sally , Rose Jake , Mahar Alyson
Published: October 2021

BackgroundNational, cross-sectional data suggests that over one third of young, post-secondary aged adults are endorsing moderate to severe levels of anxiety and depression in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of pandemic-related stressors on university students’ levels of psychological distress, using a large sample of students attending schools across Canada.MethodsThis study analyzed the first data time point of a cross-sectional, repeated measures study of university student stress completed during the 2020-2021 academic year. Participants (n= 4954) were students attending fourteen universities across Canada. Participants completed an online survey that included questions about demographics, stress, COVID-19 diagnosis history, psychological distress, history of mental illness, and resilience.ResultsParticipants reported the highest mean severity of stress ratings for the following COVID-19 related stressors: the pandemic’s effect on academics (X̅= 2.76, SD= 1.06) and uncertainty around how long the pandemic will last (X̅= 2.68, SD= 0.95). Average psychological distress score was high in this sample (X̅= 28.67, SD= 9.53) with nearly half the sample scoring in the ‘severe distress’ category. Modified log poisson regression models were stratified by high/low resiliency. Within the low resilience stratum, the strongest associations were observed for: COVID-19’s effect on academics (RR= 1.14 [95% CI 1.08, 1.20]); difficulties accessing health care during the pandemic (RR= 1.12 [95% CI 1.07, 1.18]); and loneliness as a result of quarantine/self-isolation (R= 1.11 [95% CI 1.06, 1.16]). Within the high resilience stratum, the strongest associations were observed for: COVID-19’s effect on academics (RR= 1.32 [95% CI 1.25, 1.41]); difficulties accessing healthcare during the pandemic (RR= 1.25 [95% CI 1.18, 1.33])); and uncertainty around how long the pandemic will last (RR= 1.24 [95% CI 1.16, 1.32]). Notably, larger effects were observed for those in the high resilience stratum, contrary to expectations.ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest that students’ psychological distress has been significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to effectively support students’ wellbeing throughout the pandemic and beyond, improved understanding of stress related to COVID-19 is needed. Implications of this study and areas for future research are discussed.
Cowpea Induced Physicochemical and Biological Rhizosphere Changes in Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soil
Authors: Farouq Ahmad Ali , Ismail Haruna Yahaya , Rabah Abdullahi Bako , Muhammad Aminu Bayawa , Ibrahim Umar Balarabe , Fardami Aminu Yusuf
Published: October 2021

Purpose

To understand the influence of cowpea on its rhizosphere physicochemical and biological conditions.
Methods

Pristine soil samples were contaminated with Bonny-Light crude oil and viable seeds of cowpea were planted to establish rhizosphere soil. Cowpea root exudates were collected and characterized while soil metabolic activities, physicochemical properties and rhizosphere effect were monitored following plant emergence.
Results

Cowpea root exudates were composed of organic acids, phenolics, carbohydrates and hydrocarbons. High rate of soil respiration and microbial biomass carbon were observed in the contaminated rhizosphere reaching its peak on 12th week (70.56 mgCO2g−1day−1) and 10th week (23.18mg/Kg) respectively. Lower rates of soil respirations and microbial biomass carbon were observed in contaminated (10.28 mgCO2g−1day−1; 1.24 mg/Kg) and uncontaminated (0.23 mgCO2g−1day−1; 0.37 mg/Kg) non-rhizosphere control soils respectively. The metabolic properties were positively correlated with soil organic matter contents and microbial size (r = 0.98; p < 0.05). There was considerable improvement in soil physicochemical properties in the cowpea rhizosphere as compared to non-rhizosphere soil Microbial populations were generally improved with positive rhizosphere effect values (>1) presumably due to the presence of compounds in exudates that promote microbial growth.
Conclusion

The results highlighted the influence of cowpea on its rhizosphere conditions which is a good indication for its ability to promote plant growth and environmental cleanup. Therefore, there is the need to further understand the microbial community dynamics in cowpea rhizosphere using culture-independent techniques.
Decoupling Modeling and Stability Optimization of Multiple Degrees of Freedom Motion Equation of Moored Floating Body
Authors: Zhu Jiangfeng , Cao Yuguang , Zhang Lei
Published: October 2021

The motion equation and mechanical characteristics of moored floating body are important research directions of offshore floating structures. Aiming at the difference of response law and mechanical change of floating body in different degrees of freedom, the motion and mechanical balance equations of multiple degree of freedom mooring floating body are established based on decoupling analysis method. Combined with the mechanical simulation model, the time-domain motion variation law and the corresponding relationship of the external force of the mooring floating body in the six degrees of freedom of surge, sway, heave, roll, pitch and yaw are analyzed in detail. The paper focuses on the influence of mooring force on the motion and stability of the floating body, and provides a theoretical reference for the dynamic research of offshore mooring floating structure. In addition, based on the six degree of freedom equations and simulation results, combined with the motion response law of traditional tension type and catenary type mooring schemes, two-points and four-points mooring optimization schemes are proposed. Through simulation and comparison, the superiority of two-points and four-points mooring schemes in motion response and mechanical performance of multiple degree of freedom floating body is verified, which provides important theoretical basis and support for the research of time-domain variation law of mooring system and marine safety control.
Validation and Optimization of the Trigger Tool for the Detection of Adverse Events in General Surgery.
Authors: Zapata Ana Isabel Pérez , Cuéllar Elías Rodríguez , Bartolomé Marta De la Fuente , Arroba Cristina Martín-Arriscado , Morales María Teresa García , Segurola Carmelo Loinaz , López Pedro Ruiz , Herrero Eduardo Ferrero
Published: October 2021

BackgroundGeneral surgery is an area with a major incidence of adverse evets and entails increased use of resources, in addition to the injury caused to the patient. The preparation of specific tools in the field of patient safety and specifically to detect adverse events is a priority of healthcare systems. Regarding the hypothesis that the trigger tool is effective to detect adverse events in general surgery we set out this study with the aim to validate this and propose optimization.MethodsObservational, descriptive, retrospective and multicenter national study where trigger tool (40 triggers) was applied in patients who underwent surgery in general surgery departments. A descriptive analysis was performed. The tool’s sensitivity and specificity was studied by means of looking at predictive capacity. A prediction model was used for the proposed optimization by means of binary logistic regressionResults A total of 31 hospitals took part. The prevalence of adverse events was 31.53%.The tool revealed sensitivity and specificity of 86.27% and 79.55%, respectively. A total of 12 triggers comprised the optimized model. An area under the curve of 79.29% was obtained. Conclusions Trigger Tool is extremely effective to detect adverse events during surgery. The optimized model significantly reduces the number of triggers used and upholds
Pattern of child faeces management and disposable diaper usage among under-fives in an Urban Slum of Bandung, Indonesia
Authors: Agestika Lina , Sintawardani Neni , Hamidah Umi , Nyambe Sikopo , Yamauchi Taro
Published: October 2021

Children's faecal waste is a major environmental health issue despite increasing access to sanitation facilities and sanitary products in Indonesia. This cross-sectional study investigated child faecal management practice and disposable diaper usage among under-fives living in an urban slum of Indonesia. Data on household socio-demographics, child characteristics, and child faeces management practices were collected from 184 randomly selected pairs of mothers and children through interviews and observations. Findings revealed children's common defaecation sites as improved toilet, disposable diaper, and reusable diaper at 33.7, 33.2, and 16.3%, respectively. However, hygienic child faeces disposal was at 45%. Multivariate logistic regression indicated that the common use of disposable diapers and bathroom floor as the child's defaecation site increased unhygienic disposal. This prevalence decreased for mothers with higher education and those who had initiated toilet training. Promoting mothers' disposal of child faeces from disposable diapers, preventing child defaecation on the bathroom floor, and initiating toilet training as soon as a child can walk alone are thus potential interventions.
WORD-FORMATION CHARACTERISTICS OF ANGLICISMS IN THE RUSSIAN SLANG
Authors:   Astrakhan State University, OLGA V. CHURSINA , KRISTINA S. DEMA ,   Astrakhan State University, DARINA A. ZHIDKOVA ,   Astrakhan State University
Published: October 2021

The article deals with the characteristics of Anglicisms functioning in modern Russian slang, with an emphasis on their word-forming features. The penetration of these lexical units into the Russian language provides a researcher with a linguistically interesting material as the English and Russian languages represent typologically different language systems. To begin with, the research focuses on the origin of the individual word bases and affixes from which the Anglicism instances are formed. At the same time word-formation means, methods and procedures for the formation of Anglicisms in the Russian slang are taken into account.
State of CD4+ T-lymphocytes mitochondria in HIV/HCV coinfected patients with different efficiency of immune system restoration during antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Korolevskaya L. B. , Saidakova E. V. , Vlasova V. V. , Shmagel C. V.
Published: October 2021

Objective: to assess mitochondrial parameters in CD4+ T-cells of HIV/HCV coinfected patients with a discordant and standard response of the immune system to antiretroviral therapy.Materials and methods. HIV/HCV coinfected patients with discordant (n=21) and standard (n=20) response to treatment were examined. The control group comprised of 23 uninfected volunteers. In CD4+ T-cells, PGC-1a content, mitochondrial mass, and mitochondrial membrane potential were determined with flow cytometry.Results. In CD4+ T-cells of HIV/HCV coinfected subjects with standard and discordant response to treatment, mitochondrial membrane potential was similar to that of uninfected donors. Compared with healthy controls, HIV/HCV coinfected patients had increased organelles’ mass and PGC-1a expression in CD4+ T-cells. In contrast to healthy individuals, HIV/HCV coinfected subjects had no correlation between mitochondrial mass and PGC-1a content in CD4+ T-lymphocytes.Conclusion. In CD4+ T-cells of HIV/HCV coinfected patients with discordant and standard response to antiretroviral therapy, up-regulation of mitochondrial mass is not associated with energy production. In HIV/HCV coinfection, there is no relationship between the mitochondrial mass and mitochondrial biogenesis regulator.
Produzindo medicalização
Authors: Santos Geane da Silva , Toassa Gisele
Published: October 2021

Este artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre a produção nacional a respeito do encaminhamento de crianças em processo de escolarização  a profissionais de saúde, como expressão do processo de medicalização da educação. Realizou-se levantamento bibliográfico na base de dados Biblioteca  Virtual em Saúde-Psicologia Brasil/BVS-Psi com os termos: “medicalização”, “medicalização da educação”, “professores e encaminhamentos”, “queixa  escolar”, “medicalização na rede pública”, “queixa escolar e medicalização” e “medicalização da queixa escolar”. Selecionaram-se os textos que apresentavam uma perspectiva crítica a respeito dos processos de medicalização da/na educação. Os resultados desta pesquisa indicam que os  encaminhamentos são realizados partindo-se de uma concepção de que as dificuldades apresentadas pelas crianças no processo de escolarização são de  caráter individual e, dessa forma, passíveis de resolução no campo da saúde. Entretanto, há uma marcante falta de comunicação entre esses serviços e a escola, o que contribui para o recurso ao uso de drogas psicotrópicas como uma das principais medidas para intervir junto às queixas escolares, em  detrimento do recurso a novas práticas institucionais da escola.
PENERAPAN FATWA DSN MUI PADA PEMBIAYAAN MURABAHAH BPRS HASANAH PEKANBARU
Authors: Winario Mohd , Fuaddi Husni
Published: October 2021

Penelitian didasari atas fenomena yang terjadi di masyarakat atas tanggapan  bahwa pembiayaan murabahah di bank syariah sama traskasi pinjaman di bank konvensional, hal ini juga didukung dengan adanya fatwa DSN MUI yang mengatur pembiayaan murabahah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Bank Riau Kepri Syariah Pekanbaru, dengan tujuan mengetahui penerapan pembiayaan akad murabahah apakah sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip islam juga apakah sudah sesuai dengan fatwa yang telah ditetapkan oleh DSN-MUI. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di BPRS Hasnaah Pekanbaru, dengan tujuan mengetahui penerapan pembiayaan murabahah dalam penerapannya apakah sudah sesuai dengan fatwa yang telah ditetapkan oleh DSN-MUI. Metode pengambilan sampel penelitian ini dengan menggunakan snowball sampling, dengan cara interview, observasi dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PT. BPRS Hasanah Pekanbaru dalam menerapkan pembiayaan Murabahah sudah sesuai dengan Fatwa DSN-MUI, sehingga perlu ditingkatkan kehati-hatian dalam pelaksanaanya supaya BPRS terus konsisten pada kesyariahannya dan mendapat hati di hati nasabah.
Compliance with the principle of equality of citizens during the applica- tion of preventive police measures
Authors: Pankevich V.M. , Sukhorebra T.I.
Published: October 2021

The National Police of Ukraine is a central executive body that serves society by ensuring the protection of human rights and freedoms, combating crime, maintaining public safety and order and carries out its official activities in accordance with the principles set out in Section II of the Law of Ukraine «On National Police». One of them is the principle of equality of citizens, which prohibits any privileges or limitationes on the signs of race, color, political, religious and other beliefs, gender, ethnic and social origin, property status, place of residence, language or other characteristics.This principle is common law and is based on both national and international law, and is an integral part of the constitutional and legal status of citizens, and is the existence in the state of equal constitutional rights, freedoms and responsibilities of citizens regardless of race, nationality, skin color, political, religious and other beliefs, gender, ethnic and social origin or other characteristics.The professional activity of the police, including the application of preventive police measures, should be based on the principles defined by the relevant law. However, the analysis of the grounds for the use of preventive police measures suggests that some of them are discriminatory. In particular, such grounds for police officers to check documents and stop a vehicle as the presence of external signs similar to the external signs of a wanted person or a missing person, as well as stopping a vehicle registered in another country, which is carried out in order to detect its transfer to possession, use or disposal of persons who did not import such a vehicle into the customs territory of Ukraine or did not place in customs transit, contain discriminatory signs and violate the principle of equality of citizens, which necessitates appropriate amendments to the Law of Ukraine “On the National Police of Ukraine”.
Organizational structure of the chancellery chamber of deputies of the Czech Republic
Authors: Shtuchnyy V.V.
Published: October 2021

The article identifies the characteristics of the organizational structure of the Chancellery of the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic. The Law on Property of the Czech Republic of 27 June 2000 № 219/2000, the Law on the Location of the Parliament of the Czech Republic of 21 February 1996 № 59/1996, the Law on the Rules of Procedure of the Chamber of Deputies of 19 April 1995 № 90/1995, Organizational rules of the Chancellery of the Chamber of Deputies, approved by the Resolution of the Organizing Committee of the Chamber of Deputies of October 14, 1998 № 33.The author notes the flexibility and mobility of the structure of the Office of the Lower House of the Parliament of the Czech Republic. The search for ways to save budget funds, the rapid and relentless development of IT tech-nologies have contributed to changes in the organization of its work: some departments have merged, creating new ones.In the context of the current trend of openness of public authorities, author emphasizes the creativity of the staff of the press service of the President of the Chamber of Deputies. Using minimal resources, a web page has been created with press releases about the activities of the President of the Chamber, which contributes to the image of a modern and responsible politician and generally has some potential to influence positive public opinion about the Czech Parliament as a whole.As a result, the structure and tasks of the Chamber’s Office defined by law correspond to the subsidiary nature of this body, which was created for professional, organizational and technical support of the lower house of the Parliament of the Czech Republic, its bodies and officials, deputies and clubs.
Protection of the rights of the legal entities in the european court of human rights
Authors: Pedosenko A.I.
Published: October 2021

The work examines the possibility for the legal entity to apply to the European Court of Human Rights for the pro-tection of violated rights, guaranteed by the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and its Protocols. It has been determined whether an application to the European Court of Human Rights to protect one’s rights is a constitutional right of everyone. The terms «legal entity» and «person», «non-governmental organization», «group of persons» used in the text of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and its Protocols were correlated. It has been determined whether the term «legal entity» is interpreted autonomously by the European Court of Human Rights. It is indicated whether all businesses have the right to apply to the European Court of Human Rights under Article 34 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. Particular attention is paid to the status of persons-entrepreneurs and state-owned unitary enterprises in the relations arising while applying to the European Court of Human Rights to protect their rights guaranteed by the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. The range of rights granted to legal entities and enshrined in the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and its Protocols is defined.The possibility of an entity to apply to the European Court of Human Rights is not obvious, but it is realistic. By providing specific arguments it is possible to prove this possibility. The case law of the European Court of HumanRights is also proving this, ruling on complaints from businesses.At the same time, the legal entity does not have the full range of rights guaranteed by the Convention for theProtection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and its Protocols, due to the peculiarity of its status. Thisnecessitates the definition of such rights.
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors treatment in dyslipidemic patients: a real world prescription
Authors: Derosa Giuseppe , Maffioli Pamela , D’Angelo Angela , Girola Andrea , Colombo Emanuela , Fiorenza Anna Maria , Macias José J. Ceballos , Sanchez Carolina L. , Raddino Riccardo , Pasini Gian Franco , Triggiani Marco , Maresca Andrea M. , Tandurella Nicolò , Guasti Luigina
Published: October 2021

Aim

Dyslipidemia is recognized as one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. This retrospective observational study was aimed to assess the effect of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors in dyslipidemic patients with a lipid profile not well controlled by maximally tolerated statin therapy or intolerant to these lipid-lowering drugs. We enrolled 151 patients, of whom, 119 were taking evolocumab and 32 alirocumab.

Results

Total cholesterol significantly decreased progressively until the fourth year; after 4 years there was a significant reduction (−125.5 mg/dl, −51.5%, P < 0.0001 vs baseline, and P < 0.05 vs 1 year and P < 0.05 vs 2 years) and −2.8 mg/dl (−2.3%) compared with the third year. Low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) also decreased significantly until the fourth year. After 3 years, there was a significant reduction (−117.8 mg/dl, −71.5%, P < 0.0001 vs baseline, and P < 0.05 vs 1 year) and −13.9 mg/dl (−22.8%) compared with the second year; after 4 years there was a significant reduction (−121.4 mg/dl, −73.7%, P < 0.0001 vs baseline, and P < 0.05 vs 1 year and P < 0.05 vs 2 years) and −3.6 mg/dl (−7.7%) compared with the third year. High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol increased significantly only during the fourth year of detection. After 3 years, there was a nonsignificant increase (4.9 mg/dl, 10.0%, P = 0.061 vs baseline) and 1.6 mg/dl (3.1%) compared with the second year; after 4 years, there was a significant increase (5.2 mg/dl, 10.6%, P < 0.05 vs baseline) and 0.3 mg/dl (0.6%) compared with the third year. The value of Tg was significantly reduced progressively until the second year and then stabilized in the third and fourth years. After 3 years, the value of Tg stabilized (−48.6 mg/dl, −32.4%, P < 0.01 vs baseline, and P < 0.05 vs 1 year) and −4.8 mg/dl (−4.5%) compared with the second year; after 4 years (−46.4 mg/dl, −31.0%, P < 0.01 vs baseline, and P < 0.05 vs 1 year) there was a slight and nonsignificant increase of 2.2 mg/dl (2.2%) compared with the third year. Regarding adverse events, both drugs were well tolerated.

Conclusions

We showed that PCSK9 inhibitors are well tolerated and provide long-term significant LDL-C lowering in individuals with hyperlipidemia.
Lobbying and the Like: Managing the Regulatory Environment
Authors: Martin Kelly , Josephson Brett , Vadakkepatt Gautham , Johnson Jean
Published: October 2021

Companies not only stand up for or against specific matters in plain sight of the customer, they also pursue their interests less publicly in the political arena. Lobbying and other forms of political management are common strategies to influence the regulatory environment in favor of one´s company. The results of this research show that political marketing strategies directly and positively influence company performance. Political marketing reduces market based risk. Lobbying or government relations can act as an insurance during economic downturn and companies might be more likely to receive government assistance during economic hardships. Neverthelss, consumers feel negatively about connections they perceive as too close between business and government. Therefore, lobbying companies and governments alike might be well advised to take the reputation problem of political marketing seriously and install rules to avoid the abuse of power of all parties involved.
PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR DI MASJID AGUNG SUMENEP DENGAN SISTEM ECODRAIN
Authors: Chayati Cholilul , Jasuli Darma
Published: October 2021

Drainase merupakan sesuatu yang sangat penting karena untuk mengalirkan air yang berlebihan dari permukaan tanah atau dari dalam tanah, sehingga tidak dapat dipisahkan dari perkembangan suatu daerah. Drainase diperlukan untuk mencegah terjadinya kelebihan air yang dapat menyebabakan terjadinya genangan di suatu daerah atau tempat. Masjid Agung Sumenep salah satu tujuan wisata religi yang menjadi tempat kunjungan wajib bagi wisatawan,dan merupakan masjid Utama yang ada di Sumenep dengan jumlah jamaah 2463 setiap harinya. Di masjid Agung limbah cair langsung di buang ke saluran drainase yang ada, belum ada pengolahan limbah cair yang di hasilkan.

Volume limbah  cair yang di hasilkan oleh jamah dari kamar mandi dan tempat wudhu sebesar 24.630 liter/orang atau sebesar 24,63 m³/hari Desain ecodrain yang direncankan ada 2 jenis desain ecodrain Ecodrain dengan menggunakan sistem anaerob dan aerob dengan 6 tahapan proses pengolahan limbah dan Ecodrai dengan kolam sanitasi dengan 4 tahapan proses pengolah limbah menggunakan tanaman sebagai pengurai limbah
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) words ‘poverty’ and ‘sustainability’ in the brazilian research
Authors: Pinto Paula Tavares
Published: October 2021

The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) address the global challenges the planet faces, including those related to poverty, inequality and climate change. Researchers worldwide have kept the seventeen SDGs as their aim and English has been the international lingua franca of knowledge transfer (Jenkins, 2014). In order to carry out a preliminary exploratory research about the SDGs’ lexicon, we used the Brazilian Corpus of Academic English - BrACE (TAVARES PINTO, P., REES, G., FRANKENBERG-GARCIA, A., 2021; PINTO et al., 2021), which was compiled with articles in English published by Brazilian researchers, to observe how some of the SDG themes were discussed between the years 2017 and 2018. We used a corpus-based theoretical and methodological background (SINCLAIR, 2001; BERBER SARDINHA, 2004; VIANA and TAGNIN, 2011) to analyse the general SDG-themes in BrACE with the aid of Sketch Engine tool (KILGARIFF, 2004) . The preliminary results showed that some themes were more discussed across the areas, such as sustainability, and others, such as poverty, are still not discussed as much. We point out that BrACE is being updated so that we can have better results of how the SDGs have been discussed in the Brazilian research in recent years. We intend to contribute to a broader view about the SDGs in Brazil and, as a consequence, publicize Brazilian studies to the scientific community and to civil society.
Variação e mudança linguística na perspectiva da Gramática Gerativa
Authors: Borges Humberto
Published: October 2021

Este artigo discute dois processos comuns às línguas naturais, quais seja, variação e mudança, a partir da perspectiva da linguística gerativa, que concebe a capacidade da espécie humana de adquirir línguas como uma dotação genética. Mais especificamente, este artigo oferece uma reflexão gerativista sobre os pressupostos teóricos envolvidos nos conceitos de variação e mudança, apresentando o tratamento e desenvolvimento desses conceitos e conceitos paralelos em duas etapas da Gramática Gerativa: a teoria dos Princípios e Parâmetros e o Programa Minimalista. Contra modelos teóricos que defendem a possibilidade de transmissão linguística irregular e certa gradualidade no processo de mudança sintática, os argumentos deste trabalho estão muito mais em consonância com uma visão de descontinuidade para o processo de mudança sintática do que aqueles que concebem uma aquisição imperfeita da linguagem para explicar a mudança sintática.
Efeitos do contato linguístico entre o Português Brasileiro e o Nheengatú em São Gabriel da Cachoeira (AM)
Authors: Gomes Mariana Payno
Published: October 2021

Esta pesquisa de mestrado pretende investigar os efeitos do contato linguístico entre o nheengatú, língua indígena da família Tupi-Guarani, e o português brasileiro falado na cidade de São Gabriel da Cachoeira (AM). Com base na teoria da evolução linguística, da ecologia do contato e da seleção e competição de traços desenvolvida por Mufwene (2001, 2008) e da coleta de dados por meio de trabalho de campo, a intenção é identificar mudanças nas estruturas morfossintáticas do Português L1 ou L2 falado pelos habitantes da região, bilíngues em português e nheengatú. Versão moderna da língua geral amazônica, o nheengatú foi a língua franca e majoritária da província do Amazonas até o final do século XIX, sendo amplamente utilizado por todos os membros do sistema colonial. Hoje, é restrito a algumas comunidades amazônicas – como as da região de São Gabriel da Cachoeira, no Alto do Rio Negro – e falado principalmente pelos povos Baré, Baniwa e Warekena, em substituição ou junto às suas línguas tradicionais. A atual situação de contato entre o nheengatú e o português e a ecologia multilíngue da região de São Gabriel não se dissociam da história de formação, expansão e retração da língua geral amazônica durante a colonização do Brasil – motivo pelo qual também propomos, além da análise linguística per se dos dados sincrônicos, lançar um olhar para essa história.
Implementación de un servicio de monitoreo y control de jardines en un municipio de Lima mediante el uso de Internet de las Cosas
Authors: Guerra Guerra Jorge , Lunarejo Gonzales Yessenia , Fermín Pérez Armando
Published: October 2021

El presente trabajo muestra la implementación de un sistema de monitoreo basado en tecnología Open Hardware, destinado a la gestión de jardines de un municipio de la capital peruana, usando red móvil y sensores para el manejo apropiado del agua con datos en tiempo real.
Lights, Camera, Activity! A Systematic Review of Research on Learner-Generated Videos
Authors: S Epps Bridgette , Luo Tian , Salim Muljana Pauline
Published: October 2021

Aim/Purpose: The current literature discusses the use and benefits of learner-generated videos (LGVs). However, it rarely addresses any correlation between the types of subjects that are best suited for using these videos or what techniques should accompany the use of LGVs.

Background: This systematic review synthesizes current literature to identify patterns and implications that develop from the use of LGVs so that their future use can be both consistent and effective. This paper also reviews the studies to establish the most consistent educational benefits that emerge from this activity.

Methodology: Employing the Preferred-Reporting of Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) technique, this systematic review cumulated 39 eligible studies published between 2008 to 2020. A set of eligibility criteria guided us in the article selection process, such as the use of LGVs as an assignment, educational settings, publication time frame, and empirical studies. We conducted further steps by searching the articles in major databases, screening, analyzing, and synthesizing the articles.

Contribution: This study expands the literature regarding LGVs-related topics in both research and practical aspects. We have discovered research gaps, suggesting the directions of future studies. Additionally, we provide suggestions for practitioners interested in adopting LGVs.

Findings: Findings reveal that the use of LGVs may result in reduced cognitive load, increased creativity, increased cross-curricular competencies, learner independence, and the ability to apply knowledge in a meaningful way.

Recommendations for Practitioners: Most of the studies that we reviewed recommended strategies for implementing LGVs into a curriculum to optimize the benefits of LGVs.
• Articulating the learning objectives and aligning the LGV activities with the learning objectives emerges as an important strategy.
• Instructors may guide students to commence the LGV project early and stay organized with the tasks required to complete the project, as this type of guidance may help students overcome time-related challenges.
• Providing several options for the students to create different designs or formats and select the type of media would promote their creativity.

Recommendation for Researchers: Other scholars may consider exploring group differences in their learning performance by employing an experimental study (e.g., providing specific production rules versus not), including investigating the impact on the learning achievement.

Future Research: Future studies may focus on investigating the impact on cognitive load when students produce LGVs with instructional guidance. Other important variables, such as self-confidence and self-efficacy, that may have played a role in the process of producing LGVs deserve further attention.
Educación crítica en Derechos Humanos para la construcción de paz
Authors: Sanabria-Rodríguez Paula-Andrea
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: promover la educación en Derechos Humanos desde la teoría crítica como aporte a la construcción de paz con los estudiantes de grado octavo del colegio Carlos Albán Holguín. Metodología: se tomó la etnografía educativa como método de investigación, utilizando instrumentos de recolección de información como diario de campo, observación participante, entrevista y encuesta. Resultados: se muestran los datos obtenidos de las encuestas, la comparación entre ellas y los resultados de los proyectos informativos que realizaron los y las estudiantes. Conclusiones: se muestran las reflexiones logradas con los y las estudiantes, notando la importancia de la educación y defensa de los Derechos Humanos; todo ello encaminado a la búsqueda de la paz.
Peran Hospitality Seorang Pemimpin Dalam Kemajuan Organisasi Ppgt Di Jemaat Rarung-Lameme
Authors: Langi Yandris Tanduk
Published: October 2021

Kepemimpinan adalah sebuah gereja bukanlah pelaksanaan kekuasaan atau otoritas manusia melainkan suatu kegiatan pelayanan. Segala pelayanan yang dilakukan hanya semata-mata untuk kemulian Tuhan saja sebagai pemilik dan kepelah dari sebuah gereja. karena seperti yang kita ketahui bahwa sebenarnya gereja ini ada karena adanya sebuah panggilan dalam mewartakan kerajaan Allah dalam dinia ini. Seperti yang penulis amati bahwa pemimpin-pemimpin dalam gereja adalah pelayan-pelayan yang mau bekerja dengan sukacita dan sukarela karena mereka merasa bahwa ini adalah panggilan dari Tuhan bagi mereka dalam mengangkat sebuah pelayanan ditengah-tengah jemaat Tuhan. Oleh sebab kepemimpinan dlakukan dengan sukarela dan membutuhkan sukarela dan sukacita supaya panggilan pelayanan itu nyata sebagaimana karya Yesus Kristus didunia yaitu memberitakan keselamatan yang telah diberikan Dunia melalui pengorbanan Yesus Kristus di Kayu Salib.Jika diperhatikan dari kondisi jemaat Rarung Lameme saat ini sangatlah menuntut diadakannya sebuah usaha untuk membangun kesadaran dari seorang pemuda dalam mempelajari bagaimana pelayanan seorang pemimpin dalam kemajuan organisasi PPGT di Jemaat Rarung Lameme. Sangat disayangkan pada era sekarang ini para pemimpin yang memberikan teladan terhadap anggotanya sangatlah minim sehingga kita membutuhkan kaderisasi pemuda yang nantinya akan menjadi pemimpin dalam persekuatuan yang mampu membawa perubahan yang mampu menghadapi tantangan besar. Persekutuan Pemuda Gereja Toraja ini termasuk salah satu wadah orang percaya yang dapat dijadikan teladan dalam perkataan, perbuatan maupun tindakannya demi terciptanya kemajuan dalam organisasi khususnya dalam pelayanan terkada kita sebagai pemuda kadang sungkan bahkan takut dalam mengangkat sebuah pelayanan dalam jemaat. Dari hal inilah yang melatarbelakangi penulis untuk mengangkat tulisan ini agar Pemuda tahu betapa pentingnya Peran Hospitality seorang pemimpin dalam kemajuan organisasi khususnya PPGT di Jemaat Rarung Lameme. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan sumber data sekunder. Tehnik pengumpulan data menggunakan tehnik wawancara dan studi literatur. Dari penelitian ini akan mengungkap mengenai pentingnya peranan hospitality dalam diri calon pemimpin dalam mencapai suatu kemajuan organisasi PPGT di Jemaat Rarung Lameme. Kepemimpinan dalam sebuah persekutua Pemuda Gereja Toraja tidak semata-mata membuat organisasi gereja dengan baik namun setidaknya kehadiran dari PPGT ini dapat menjadi salah satu penata terealisasinya kemajuan gereja dengan baik supaya pelayanan kepada dunia dapat diangkat bersama-sama demi perluasan nama Tuhan. Nah, menjadi pemimpin muda yang melayani hendaknya bisa memberikan diri, waktu, tenaga, pemikaran serta sikap teladan kerendahan hati disertai kesadaran dalam menumbuhkan sikap bertanggung jawab untuk mengabdi kepada Tuhan buka semata-mata untuk mencari perhatian dari umat manusia.
Episodic memory processes modulate how schema knowledge is used in spatial memory decisions
Authors: Ramey Michelle M. , Henderson John M. , Yonelinas Andrew
Published: October 2021

Schema knowledge can dramatically affect how we encode and retrieve memories. Current models propose that schema information is combined with episodic memory at retrieval to influence memory decisions, but it is not known how the strength or type of episodic memory (i.e., unconscious memory versus familiarity versus recollection) influences the extent to which schema information is incorporated into memory decisions. To address this question, we had participants search for target objects in semantically expected (i.e., congruent) locations or in unusual (i.e., incongruent) locations within scenes. In a subsequent test, participants indicated where in each scene the target had been located previously, then provided confidence-based recognition memory judgments that indexed recollection, familiarity strength, and unconscious memory for the scenes. In both an initial online study (n=133) and replication (n=59), target location recall was more accurate for schema-congruent than incongruent locations, but importantly, this effect was strongest for unconscious memory, decreased with familiarity strength, and was eliminated entirely for recollected scenes. Moreover, when participants recollected an incongruent scene but did not correctly remember the target location, they were still biased away from congruent regions—suggesting that detrimental schema bias was suppressed in the presence of recollection even when precise target location information was not remembered. The results indicate that episodic memory modulates how schemas are used: Schema knowledge contributes to spatial memory judgments primarily when episodic memory fails to provide precise information, and recollection can override schema bias completely.
Imposition of Divine Obligations (Taklif) As a Trust (Amanah) Entrusted to Mankind and the Wisdom behind It: An Exposition of Verse 72 & 73 of Al-Ahzab in Shah Wali Allah Al-Dehlawi’s Hujjat Allahi Al-Balighah (Part 1)
Authors: Ali al-Fijawi Mohammed Farid
Published: October 2021

Shah Wali Allah al-Dehlawi asserted that the term “amanah” in verse 72-73 of al-Ahzab, implies taklif (Imposition of Divine Obligation) on the human being. He explained that taklif constitutes three important elements namely, imposing Divine obligations, option to obey and disobey, and reward and punishment. All creations (makhluqat) of Almighty Allah is bound by a set of laws by the Creator, but these three elements draw a line of distinction between them and the humans. In order to argue this as a wisdom behind taklif, al-Dehlawi presented two types of arguments, revealed arguments (dalil naqli) and rational argument (dalil ‘aqli). In this academic note (part 1), we are covering the first argument.      
  Keywords: Amanah (trust), Hujjat Allah al-Balighah, Shah Wali Allah al-Dehlawi, taklif (Divine Obligation), mukallaf.